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1 ѩ֮ԭ
̹ǵıХϯѩ
ıѩԭϣһĵݵ꣬һƤ£ǵƬãȻ֮䡣
ÿһȥܼѡ
ߵĺܼ
ŶķһǳһŵĲǰ
ʱֵ£Ӧס
ȴǶëѩ׷ɡ
ؼ䣬ããһƬ
ȥ֪ϱ
ŵǼƤ±Ǻɫ˿ѾԭɫմѩƬʱĶ£ѩ§ȥܿģֻϺһ㡣
꿴ȥҲʮ꣬ͦΣòʣϣдżɬۡ
Ŀ㣬ǳ
񲻶ֻ˶ӵĵط˾Щ˼顣
ֻҪҵ죬ҾͿүүҵݳ߳Ϊʦ
߳Ϊʦ֮ҾͿѧһ죬Ȼ󡭡
ĨһѾЩϵѩˮ૵ȻҾͿԡȥѰҵĵ
ҵǣһҪ׿ʣΪʲôôģô꣬ҶŲʡ
ҪүүҼ
үү˵ȥѰǣֻҰʦѧգƫ
˫һĨᶨɫʡ
ҾҪҵǣǡȻңΪʲôֲң
˳ī֣ʾǵĶӣһ֤ҵݣȻʲôҲˣ
ȵҳгɾƾô
ʲô飿
»ôεĵ
һҪʸģ
īУ˵֣ʶһؿڣǿĸµ񣬻š
֨֨
ѥ̤ѩУµĽӡܿͱѩڸǡ
΢ĴϢҲХķڸǡ
µӰǿǰУ仺ȴһͣ
ʱڳīƶ֮ϣһӰиٷС
Զ˲ӹ
ӰҲһ£֮ϵ磬졣
ͬ㣬Ƿ
һ˫ۺӥɢĹâ
ٵĳɢһַŵĸо
˿ȥҲʮ꣬ü䣬ȴһ²һϢ
ֻɫʮֲ԰ףһ˿Ѫɫ
˸ӹƬѩ֮ԭɲǼ䣬ӹǶеĳīʮ֮ĵط
еĺӣϵɬīȻͬһƬ£ȴˡ
£֮䣬ᷢκν
濴һ֮ȴͻȻվס
ͣУתʮ￪ıԭ֮ϡ
Ʋ㣬ķѩȫ޷赲˫۾Ŀ⣬ֱǸϡ
ţ
üͷһס
Ƭѩ֮ԭ˵˼żӰҲֵ顣
˶˵һЩϣ࿴һ۵ȤûС
ȴ֪ΪΣͻȻѪĿôһۡ
£ɲ飬һֱֱۣͬһ㡣
ӣȻһ
٣ƽ죬Ρ쿪ô
֪ҽһݴ񣿡
⿴һۣȻܿһţ
ӥһͻȻ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ϸԿ
ţֱӳǳīķ򣬴
Уÿһ߳ʮɵľ룬գۼ䣬˳īͷϿա
ѩ֮ԭϡ
īһǳһŵĶǰţͻȻ䣬оһ󼫶ȱִ̹ǵĺ⣬Ϯ鲻ԽĴһ
ôͻȻô䣿īһ䡣
š
īȻоԼΧĿ˲ޱȵճ
һϢɢ޾ɱֱӽ
īȻرʲôɱȴֱܹӸܵǹζ
͸֮ǰǼһ
ԭ׷ɵĴѩȻ֪ʲôʱȻͣˡ
ī͵ĵɴ۾̧ͷա
һɫӰվǣ
īʱһ
գգۣٴο
ˣڡ
ǻþ
һ˫۾
īԼûмôµˡ
ֻԷһۣͣҪӺ
Լһ̣ͻֱȥ
ѹֵĸоҪУȴ֣Լ˵
޷ڣ
ˣ֪ΪΣҪݵĳ嶯
īǿţֱͦӣˡ
ʱеӰһֱӳǰ
˫ӣϣۣ¡ϸϸĴһᡣ
ſ˵û뵽ʾѣǡҲ˳ڣ
Сӣ߰ɣ
ź仰īȻоһᣬϢĸоʱʧˡ
ͻȻֵĺӣ־޴ѹ·ԵĲһˡ
ǡһɽ
һɽ
īЩ֪Ŀ꣬һ㵵ĵΪʲôҪߣ˭
Ӳ԰׵ȫޱ飬üһΪʦҵӣ
īʱסĿӰΣȷڿЦҡͷ
ţӵüͷʱ΢΢һ壬ӱ߳һ
īܹԸоϢһν
ңһΣҪ֮ǰĸǿң
ĸоǰֻҪһͷͻȥ
һʮ꣬Ȼ飬˵־ƭ˵ġ
ī˿̴ϢܷȻ˫۾ǰӣҡҡͷУҲܡӦ㣡
У
ôꡭû˸ڱǰ˵֣
Ŀųī˵һԣ
īЩ־ĿӣȻҡͷС
ײĲᣡ˵һ䣬ҲʲôīͻȻض𣬳ڼʮ׵ĸ߿ϡ
𲻴Ӧʵ
ӦīȻһֱ飬嶼鲻ԽЩ£Ȼҡͷ

īоԼ峯ŵݺȥ
ǵ䡭ǣײ
С͵ʱץһ͡ݺݵˤ
īڣ͡
ī̲סһС
Ȼ󡭡ͷ£ھ滹мߵĵطͣס
īоԼĶҪˣг־塣
𲻴Ӧʵ
ӦȻǶûһ룬īȴȻܾ
ɣ
ӱī͵ķһҽС
оµĹͻȻҪɢˣҪӲĴгȥ
ţ·ǧֻϣȫڷҧ˺Ƥ⡣
ζֱ
ʱûȥãԳī˵ȴǹһ
顣
ʧȥ˿ƣؼߵĵطˤһ΢Ĺ
һֻ첲ˡ
ī̱ѩϣѾȫˮ͸
ɭɭĿӦ
ӦɱҰɡīһ˵
Ӧӵü֮䣬һĨЩŭˡ
ҵҪĹͷжӲ


2 
İʱ˲¼ʮַĥīԼġ
ӪֹܶɭɭĻþŻʮꡣ
ÿһΣīĥҲ־壬Ϊǻþʵ̫ʵҲȷŸ
ɵ󡭡Ȼ֣Ӧ
١ӱ̣ݺ꣬ʲôûȴһʮСƨŪû˰취
ҪǴȥ֪жֱӱ°͡
ħҪͽܣԷ飬Ȼܾĥɿڡ
ǿһ׮ˡ
㡭ǶˣīһڵϣһµûˣµĹͷ֪˶١
ȴȻûκη˼ŭ˵ô˲Ը⣬㻹Ҫǿ˼ͽܣ
㣬治ɭ䣬ɭȻ۾ųī
ɱ֣ƺʱпܣС̵
¡µҪīʵʵشӣڳīȷ̫ˡ
Щجμ¡
㻹Ҿܾңģбųī
ңҪ볤ˣүүȹ߳
߳үүһֻҪȥ졭
߳һΪӣ
һɣ
棬Ӣۺܣ伲Ĵˣ
ǿɲǿձΪӡ
ī˿ҲѪӿܲˣž˵һѣĺӶ˵Щ㶡
ŷһЦĵһŴɣ
涼Ӣۺܣ
伲Ĵ
ˣ
ޣ
ֱƨͨ
棬һǺˣɣ
īҲ󾢶ܻµľʹʹĸоޱȵ̧ͷᶨĿźӣ˵
˵
ħ⻰Ǿҵĳ鴤˼£īʺ͸ǣ亱Уɷ֮ʱ޶࣬ҪԼһ¡һưѸĲСˣ
˵κã㣬ɼˣħһĿųī
ûУүүī˵ңԳۣҲǼõģ
һ˵ãδغãô˶˵ãǿ϶ã
ħŭЦܶ˶˵õģһãܶ˶˵õģǾһǲã
Ϊִ̫࣬ű֪ơȻ۾һȴȫϹӣ
Сӣ㲻˵κ𣿡
ҲҪ볤죬ΪĵӣԲԣħųīʵ
īʱѾû˵ֻͷ
ǣҲңҴģ
ҾͶ㣬ȻǸʲôƨ߳ϵҲԳɲ˳ĵӣҪ볤ɽţûôף
ħĿųīӮˣ𲻵ԸǸһʾ˵ĲƸƾʲƸɵĳΪеһ׸
㲻ô֪йУƸҪһأ
ͱ·κγɾͣ
īĴ۾ħĵǡǡأ
㲻˵϶ܰ볤𣿡ħ̲סЦ
ԴӼСӣһξ泩
һҪʲôûʲôСƨͼʲô£ݱΪʦģ֪ƫ㲻ʶô
ˣʵʵҵӣ
²
ҡҿԲ𣿡īĵ
ħᣬˣС˵϶ԼǸˣΣͽܡ
㲻ǰɣ
𻹾Ͳа
ͽܣһնˣ
Ŀһ۳īãеѡ𣿡
īҡҡͷҲΪԼѡأףҲóħͷȷΪͽȻɱˡ
ô໰
ʣֻŬ°ˡ
īɵȻһƬհף̻еġ
µͷãҸģǡ㲻棬
ߣСм־ħޱ飬ЦôҵĶ֣ǻˣƫҪ棬ƫҪ
Ҳ֪СһˣӦ´ֻ
ΪһӣħҲǳ׻ȥˡ
ȥмʹõֶΣҲ˳
ãҴӦ㣬ҵ£ữһͨˣͷβ飬κθ棡
ɹ뵽죬һŵԣתߣ
ħЦſųī
аҿ϶һץ㣬תߣ
ħϵĵӣ£
ƾȺģҲ
ī˵ûܰ뵽죬ǡҾ͸ߣͽܣ
ħͷȴŭгһգȻ䵽ȥӵĵزֱ֮
תһ룬ʣ£볤죬ֱ׾٣пֱӳΪŵ״ӣ
Ͼţ˭˲ۺ죿˭
һ룬ħ棬־ƽˡ
ϢĽ˼ӡīʺ͸ǣֱӸӡ
ħܿĲˣȻҲܿó
ԣνĲ治ֱǸЦ
֪Լжļֵ
һۿʵˣܶ࣡
䣬һ۾Ϳħֶεˣȴ޼
УŻǼϲԳ֣ܿīϵķӡ
ЩˡûǸ
ԣһУħЦ뵽Сӣأҿô볤죿
һӹţĪ˵߳ϵŴϵҲᱻȺòȻߵĻ쵰ܾ
飿
ʲôʱйǶ
Ӳĵģ
ħһīȻն
һ̣˱ڸ֮ϡ
ī͵ĵɴ˫ۣȻۿ˴ԼɵϣֽȻͬĸо
ųīģħ̲סЩôҵӣ輸꣬ͿԼգ
ߣ볤죬֮Ҳԣī˵
ħ̲ס˸ۣһ¶±ȹȥʮҪࡣ
СȻʵĿԣɾ󾢶С
һߺһ߾ͷǸС
һϲɾ
ҪǸ˻𻹿أ
ħҲץ죬һ·ۡ
Բıѩ֮ԭڳīҪ·ħ£չ
պħһͨ꣬ųī˳ɽ֮ʮĵط
һ޴ѩɽǰ
ѩɽΡͦΣƶֻڰɽ
ǵɽţѩɽ£ʮɣʮɡ
ɫʯţµĲɣУ֪жأȥ͸һּ᲻ɴݵĸо
ʯϷԾĴ֡죡


3 
ǲɽĹ壬ѣˡħƤһȤȱȱӡ
׳۰
īȫȻħеĲмһ𺳺ͳݵ˵µһɣ̫ˣ
˵ţһ˷ܣֱӳǾ޴ɽſ񱼶ȥ죬
ħǳ˳飬漴ϣ¶Ϸı顣
վס
ʲôˣ𣿡
Ϻȣʮ˾ˣΡɽŴٶȼ죬īǰӸµĿһȻŨŨ
īһ漴ЩǸȻıȭλʦֺãСǡǰʦѧյġ
˭ʦ֣Слӣ
ʦѧգ㣿һˣòȻƽƽü䣬ȴ͸ŨŨİһмĿųīЦСؤطˣ
һüʲôֱӸ߾ǣСеģʦǿָðˡ
˵ţ˿ųīʲôһлӣⲻĵطϽ
ħɵͨԶԶųīıӰЩЦ΢΢ҡͷаīѽīŽǿʼѣ
Ŵɵţ㵱ô׽
һʵ㣬Ŵ桭ɲһǺˡ
Слӣ
īЩԾĿɷһˣֿһԼЩ糾ȴõ·
סˡ
Ŀеĳ졭ġ
īʶĿһԵħħȴ̧ͷ졣
ƺͷǼƬ׵סû·Ůʮרע
īһˣЩΣмίĴӻȡһƴľƣ˵߳ϵʦѧյģ
ŭ壬׼ӳȥ˵һ
һ۳īǿľƣжʱֻҵĿ⡣
Ϊӣô᲻ʶ쳤ƣ
òƽƽˣ̬һת䣬¶ĵЦݣСԭгƣ˵ԼҲԼˡ
ţھ͸ͨ
˵Ҳȳīشֱתɽȥ
һӷӦ˰ģ¶֮ɫùͱˡ
Ҫ׽Ǹֻһεվǡ
ûãòƽƽĳӱֿһϲɫųīСҪ㣡
һӵ¶ּ֮ɫܴųʦʮа˾ŻֱӰţпܳΪϵ״ӡ
Ǻεݣ
ŵӣܽһŵӣպȻƽơ
ֻϧֺ£Լͬˡ
īͷаүүûƭң߳ϣȻ֮ˡ
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ܿ죬īӣһ޴ޱȵĹ㳡֮ϡ
㳡һۿͷɷԲ
ڷŸõеˣ
īĿţа룺ԺҲΪеһԱ
ܿ죬īħӣ㳡ͷһ֮¡
żʮʯףī̧ͷȥ棬վżˡ
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˰룬òʮţʮࡣ
ųīӼˣһԳī˵λ߳ϣ
īæһ˫־ǿľƣʩ˵ī޵֮Я߳ǰ죬ʦѧգ
⼸仰үү̸ġ
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īùȥˡ
ˣǳһλϡ߳Ժ־
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̧ͷųīơģ
īϣʱ¶ϲɫһֱģ߳ϻ᲻᲻Ƶʵԡ
ڿȴЩС֮ˡ
Ҳǣʲôط涼ʲôô˵ѣ
߳ϽĻȴóīɵˡ
ľʱһͨ˻ҪƽӹȫʺҳȴҲܡ
Ϊһƽӹ꣬Ⱥӣ
߳һ˽ı飬̹ȻĿųī˵Ҹүү֮оɣ鲻
˽£
Ϊĳϣ˽Ϲ
飬
߳⻰һߵ˶ʱȻ𾴣ǱЩ̸ĵӣҲȫһݵĿ߳ϡ
߳һЦŵͷ߳ϹȻֱֵþ壡
ʵӣĻ㿡㣬˲赹ˮͯӡҲǿԵģ
߳ҡͷִ´Բӣ죬˵һɣ˵Ƕ˲赹ˮͯӣһˣصףҲ˷ĺܡ
£صף͵ڴӳ߳һ
Ȼ˳ǧ۵ǳǧˣ
Եͷĵ߳ȫҡеˡ
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ҡƽӹȫʺī૵ǣүү˵Ű
Ӳ߳վ̨֮ϣӸµĿųīһĺǳ㵱ʲôط㵱˶ŻƽӹССͣȻ͸ҵѣɼƷ֮Ҷүүе߳ܣ
߳ⷬǳ⣬ܴ󣬲ഫ㳡ȫ
һΣīڸܵĿʲôζ
ֳЦҲ˷
Сһ߳ϵʦģȻǸķҿǾҲ˰ɣ
ʲôطôַ
ӲСɼΣǰ׳˵㣡
ͷʲô˶У׷ˣôԴ󣡡
߳Ϲ˽ұģ
ǣȻôܹΪĳϣ
˷ȫīĶС
ֻʮɫ԰ף޴룬վһίıңѾҪ̤Ԫˡ
Сӣʱ򣬻ӲأʡƼ㣬ҵĳ֪ķ˶Ԫҩϣ浱Լأ߳ԣһʮһмƲ죬ųīЦ
߳̾һߣ˵ںܶǰʶ⺢ӵүүʱһ£Щ飬أÿ꣬һϺõԪҩȥ
ԭˡһԵִºΧˣȫ¶Ȼ֮ɫ
ִҡͷ˵ϵĳˣΪԼٶԸԼҲõġСӣò͵үү˽ܳİɣ
߳ߵЦ˵׼үϻùȥĽ飬ҪЮʦأ
Ҳ뿴ʲôطǺ


4 
߳¶Ц΢΢ҡͷ
Ȼųī㻹ǸϽȥɣӦĵط
ڵϣףҲһƽϣ߰ɡ
˵ţ߳ϸϲӬƵİ˰֡
ʼգħɵ꣬վһһԲȴһĨм
ôȺȷ飡
īȦЩ죬Ǻ£ġίģ
뵽Լ뿪׻ƳǣǱһˮ
һ·棬ʮ꣬¶޵ģԽѩ֮ԭħôĥϵͷ
һҪ볤죬ȴִܵ
ʮ꣬Ҫĸо
̲סŭ˵ҲӹţվͲգƾʲôң
Ǻǡ߳ϵ˵һᶼ㣬вǰɣ
ûҲī
˴ʱҲ˲ʲô߳ϰ˳ϣںǳˡ
ֻһͷƾʲôԩңƾʲôң
վͲգԩңǲУ
ãңһᣡ߳ϵ˵
̫߳ʴˣ
߳壡
ѼӲСƨһ߳ȥǣ
߳Ȼȴġ
᳦
㳡Ϻܶ೤ĵӣ˽
߳ϵĿ⣬Ӿ
ЩīڶУʲôû˵ֻ߬˫ȭ
ǲ
߳˵ţڹ㳡ɨһۣȻһָ㳡һСӣˣ
˳߳ϵĿ⿴ȥһ߰СкһãȻվǣֵĿˡ
䣡
㳡˷һЦ
߳ƽСһ㣬ȥһסҪ֣͵ͬд裬֪𣿡
Ǹ߰Скʱһ˷ܵĵͷһ۳ī۵Сϣ¶һЦݣشð
˵ţһԾ
ʮɵľ룬СкȻֻмýżһµأ㵽˳īǰ
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ܴһкõ
Скһ֣ҲȷƯֵһȲʡ
磬׼𣿡Скһ棬ϴ΢Цųī
īȻ߳ϺЩЦôҲڰѻһСĺȥ
µͷӲ˵ˡ
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īҲֻܵͷİɣ͵˴д衣
Ск֮һĵЦ
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㳡ϵЩǣֵþҪֱӶˣֱӺЦ
ЦУźܶԳīĳ
һԵħҲЦˣЦݣȴζ
磬ҪŶСģСкһţͻȻ䡭ٶȣȻӿ죡
ɲǼ䣬㵽˳īǰ
Сģ
īдŭͬʱ΢΢˰벽̧֣һм򵥵ĳȭӭСкһơ
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˫Ȼ˸ƾУ
㳡ЩЦīĳӣϵЦݽס
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ھӦûʲôġ
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ҪǾǽ볤šҲδɡ
߰СкԽԽԵЩĸꡣ
СҲм
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ûκθǿĹһһʽȫ򵥵ľ˳ȭ
⣬ǡǡǳīԽսԽµĹؼ
˳ȭǾ꣬˵ݻսĿ飬һֱĶ
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ʱ򣬳ôһĹ㳡֮ϣһȻ컶
Сʦ䣡
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ǸСкȻһ棬վǣҲûмԳī֡
ΪҲòżˡ
һȥīڲعͷҲӹһ١
īˤ˸Ҫһ־ӲţѾȥˡ
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ţǾóī˿̵ķӦЩԾ
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ƺ߰ĳӴʮĳī
㻹кλ˵߳Ƕʮ˿īѾǲмˣȫӡ
ī£û̲סһѪ


5 ɽ


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ЩӵԳī˵һȺӬ߲ϵġˡˡˡ
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վЩӰġ
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һʵѾԪؾ硣
ԪغûԪأ֮ģ
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ħԳī֮ǰеĥɵˣҪغܶ࣡
ħֻͨĥŻīģȴûҪɱ
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Ϊ˭
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6 ҪЮħ
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䣡
䣡
䣡
ΧĻľֱԲһķΧ֮ڣŭħһƬ
Ȼŭųīҧгݵĵħڡߣһ޼ɣû˸вңҲû˸
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ųɵĳ죬һЩˣƵòȻʵϣȴ˹


7 ޳֮
߳ϴӼһһ𣬾ͶĴɱ⡣
ȴֵôȻƺܾī볤죬ȫΪ˳롣
ȴڰѾ̤ԪصͽܣԸī
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⵽˵׷ɱ
˵ĳ죬ҲŹҡ
ǻҳ֮λȥңҲ׵ѣ
Ժ־ĿĿŷ޵УһСֻΪ㣬ŵһжҪЮͼɵģ
Լ˵ò


8 һ߷
޵ǣͦúֱһҲ˿η塣
˵Ժ־Ŀĺȵ
޵ʱһЦһĿԺ־һʲô˵ģһ޳Сˣ
ڵģǵ޳ܵĶ
һûзҲܷ飬ܱŴɱڵĵزϷƽ
Ͷأ
ϷµûǿӣѾ˰ɣ
ϷϹۣôһ޲ĶΪ㱣ôܣ
Ϸûսϣûڵ˵ĵ£޳֮ͽСܣ
ֻǿӣТ˳׿ҲУ
޵˵ţһֱӲϣ̲סˮ
ݶϵĳī˿Ҳʹѡĺһүү
ţ
ȴܣ
Ҫ׾Ժ־Сˣʱ󻼣Ҫҹ£جξѣҪδӣԼܹȵ;ʱ򣬱¶Լ١
ʲôһܷ飬֪Ужڶҵλ𣿡
Уһ£ɷģǷӣʱأٺ٣
Ҳӣ
Ժ־˵˴¶һĨ֮ɫ
ӣȻǸķȴ൱ʵ
ԭİСͽȥȴû뵽ǰѾ̤ԪصСͽܣʵս飬ȴЩ
һ㣬ͱӸˣãլʺ񣬺üλᣬԼˣ

޵һ˫ӣĿ⣬Ժ־޳ܣ
٣ʲô޳ܣֻ˵̫
֮ʣ
СҲ˵ãƾԪȻӲĽСͽܸѹסˣ
ĳƵǸţ
޵ʱѾмȥͳīûжʵˡ
¶֮ɫЦӱţ
أ
Ժ־ЦǱҰһֶΣһͽУ͸ˣ
СͽҲӦ죬һķӣ
ңǱͽܣõĿѪɷƣ
Ѫɷ˵߱
Ժ־Цԭŵ˿̶ԵʮŤ
޵һ˫ĿŭԺ־
үѾŭ£ͷϣȫ
ϣī¶־֮ɫƽûȥħ
ʣ£ħ϶֪
ȴû˵
Ǿ仰ܾǰܣԼ㹻ǿ󣬾߳ϰаæΣ
ԼܻսթС
Լħʵ߳ϣ׵һ
˵סԼʵã
ֲñˡ
īƽһΣʹԼʵ̫
ҲǵһΣޱǿҵġҪǿͷ
ħǿһ۳ī˵ʲôƨѪɷƣ͸ˣ
īû֨Уȴһů
˵ĶԻ֪ΪΣȫûдķȥ
ȻħֶΡ
УԺ־ĿȻŤâ˸ƺΪԼҪ飬ֵɡ
оˣ
飬ֻҪĻû𵽼£ֻʣһ㣬϶µȥ֡
޵һĿԺ־ĹεɱڣҪʲôƨɣ
֪ӻţο
ģĺܣǲģ
ɱңгһգӱȻɱϳ죬ֿԴΪұ𣡡
ɣɱľ˰ɣ
ү˵ţڵһվһ˫ĿųޱĹâԺ־۾
ϷҪۿ㶯֣
ְ
㻹ԥʲô
ͱ˵ҲΪж¾᣿
޵ޱȣȻԺ־̫࣬ƣȴʮԺ־Ҳģ
֪Ǹ֣֮ȫûбֳ˿⡣
ʼգȫѹԺ־
ã϶㾹ôһλȨصĳϣ

Ժ־ŭһ̧֣ŷ޵еһȥ
һƣԺ־ֱȫһʯҲܱ׵룡
˵ԴӲҲǲʯͷġ
ۿŷ޵оҪ޳֮ͽС
ͣ
һмЦͻȻԷ
ЦЦȴޱȣ
Ժ־ֻ޵ŵƣͣڷ޵еü硣
УȻ¶޾ľ֮ɫ
һκ˳Ժ־ĶͷգȻҲͣ
ʱ䣬һ̣Ȼֱӱסˡ
һɫӰʮͻأĳڷС
Ժ־һ˫У¶޾Ŀ־֮ɫΪԼ˲õĸ֣
޵УǿԿڣһƿڴ޵ƭӣ
оȻһ˿ֲǿߣ
Ǳүӷ޵ҲܶͻȻˣҲ¶֮ɫ
ΪҲʶˣ
ˣȻħԺ־ǰ˵̧־⣡
ž
ž
žҹֱӴȥԶ
һֱãԼǸ۲۵Ļˣ
ĺ
ˣ
ǿԵ
ֱ㣬ͻȻ䷢֣ȻеĴˣ
Ǳƿһߣ͵ĳīӷֱӵȥ
һı飬ĵǴˣȻԺ־αӲ֪ǿٱȻҲһˣ
ħźۼɨһ۷ȻܶڲԵԺ־̧֣Ǻݺһƣһƣ㽫Ժ־á
⼸ڳīСܵ˿̣ڷй֡
ʹûҪĶ
ž
һơ
αͷϣ˾֣
ž
αġôҲоһ档
㣿
ž
һ
辿ʲô֣ôһ⣿
ôûֱӰ
ž
Ĵڣֱѻ˵ܻˣ
žžž
һͨȥ
Ժ־գѾױá
ݣѾ䣬Ѿûһõˡ
ħֶμΪ££ôݵһٶȥûҲ԰˳ûȥ
Ժ־ǣƫƫޱȵѣһ˫еı飬Ҳ൱ḻ
һʼ𾪡־壬İٵľ
īڷ֮ϣУдΪ죬޲ܳԺ־ˣԼ
үӷ޵Ȼ֮ͳ⣬ȴͬ¶ı顣
˵Ȼкã
һٶ⣬ֱ̫ˬˣ
ģ
ħһͨݳ飬Ҳڳīܵйòˡ
ɭĿԺ־˵һ£ȴԼ֣
ǱԺ־һͷԪޱڶѣҪԼ֣αسһٶ⡣
ҲӶԷУԷɱжʱϣ
ֻҪܻţϣ
漴ħһͷˮ
Ȼɱ㣬ĳУЩ£ȴȫȻأ
ˣŵģ
ͷǳ˰
սҲһȥ죬ܣã
ٰЩ£һһ֮ڣˣ֪ⳤĳϣǸʲô
ţܳԣ
ڣҹ
˵ţħһԺ־ƨϣ˳ŷ޵еĴֱ߷ɳȥ


9 ʦħ
飡
ǼӲĻľƳɵĴԺ־ײ÷顣
޵Уλսɱ˲գ۵Ͻ̲ס΢΢һۡ
Ժ־۵ûš
Ժ־ڣѾоˣħһţߵ֮ϣֱӷɳ׻Ƴǡ
ԣǷɡ
Ȼݺˤڳ⼸ʮĵطǱˤûһ롣
ҲħӦ˳īɱȻһ£㹻صġ
˿̣Ժ־ˣҲֻʣ˰
֪˶ãԺ־£֪˶ٸͷ
΢һ£ʹ֡
ǿţһſڣһѪŴݡ
кܴһ֣ͱ¶ӡ
Ժ־ţȡҩ¶ӣٻָһ˿Ԫ
һ㣬ţȥϵĶϹǡ
еĿ־壬ڲȻûɢȥøǿҡ
ϡô˿µǿߣ
Ժ־ױ˵ӣ˿ͷ
ԷǿѾȫ֪
ǳţЩһ漶ǿߣҲû
׻ƳǵķԺ־ǣҵĳ鴤ţ˺þãĲ΢ƽһ㡣
ųĵҩ㹻ǿҩǿҲԺ־Լʹá
Ϣһ֮󣬱ײײĳԶȥ
ʵǲͣֻʣһͷǾǣԶԶ뿪ֲĵطԶǸֲˣ
֮⣬
׻Ƴǡ

Ͻ޵еķ
үڻָɣһʱ䣬ħһȭ˵лϷҪл֮
ħĿһ۷޵УҿɲΪ㣬ҪллԼӺˡ
үүһԷ
ţһīӷүӵķ䣬޵Уڵأ棺үүԲТָ鷳ˣ˼ҡԲˣ
ͻȻԼǰӣ޵Щɵۡ
Ҳ˲оȣǰīۿ˵úӣдүүˣõ
һ죬ժĹͷī˵
Ժӣүү˵˵һУô£үųī֣һҲԸſϸţûˣûбݡ
īûشүӣǻͷħ΢΢һЦ˵лл
һллħܳĸоΪС쵰һζԼʾл
漴ħ;Լ̫ˣȻᱻС쵰һлж
±ޱ˵ҴӦġ
޵еĿ⣬ħ֮ɨɨȥǲ⣬׳īֲĺ֮䣬һʲôϵ
үӺλ꣬Ǹ˲õǿߡ
﷢ôĶһŰԺ־߷ɳȥ
ûԼЩþɳĻһķӦ
˵ӵǿѾȫԼ⣡
һǿߣܰΪʦ
үǸˣһˣոתΣΪҪδһᡣȴѾʼΪӵĽˡ
ʱīһ仰үӷҡ
ģҴӦΪʦҲԻ˵㻰
ħ˳ǣԼһ£Щͷ˵ʲôҪүү˵Ϳһ㣬˵ˣǾߣ
޵и˵ʲôȴī˵үүĪҸ˵
һߴҪ㣬һȴҪ˵
үǳ˳飬Щ
Ϊ֣ԼӣȻµĺǿߡǺܿ
ôԼӣƺûгʲô
үӸӺˡ
ī¾ͽԼڱѩ֮ԭϣħ飬Ըү˵һ顣
ʡȥħĥľүүΪġ
ֻ˵ħһˣҪΪͽȴҪ볤졣
үЩ꣬ħмȻͷѵī⺢ӣǿҪΪͽ㾹Ȼܾ
īͷ˵ʱеִǰ볤죬˭뵽
īţԼڳϸ˵һ顣
Ҳûħӡʺ͸ǵ顣
үӵŭһվԺ־ֱ޳֮ȣ
īүү˵ղӦ֪Ǹ
Ҳ
벻ҵһٶ㺦ҵӣ
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ֱ̫
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ī£һֱܺ档
˵Ժ־ĳʮʮǰľҲ̫
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һԵħҲһ۷޵Уȴû˵ʲô
ѾҲûҪΪʲô
үӳ̾һ£˵Ѿȥʮ꣬ʱһûء
ҵʱֻһԱƫһӳȥ̽顣
û뵽һɽ֣Ŀһµս
׼ȷ˵һŰɱ
үӵУ¶һĨ־֮ɫ
ҼµĹ֪ʲô𣿡
ī˵үүӣ˵˵
үӺǺһЦ˵Ƿ
ʲôīڵһվ¶ŵ֮ɫⲻܰɣȻǿƥ̼ߣػ֮һôṥˣ
ħһƲƲ죺ȥѷĵ͵ˣ㲻
үһЩԾĿһħȻ޵һ¾Ͳµԭ򣡡
īǾҵĳ鴤˼£˵ɣԺ־еȥ͵ĵǿǾŽԪް
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ī˵ţתع૵ΪʲôҪɱˣԭˣ
Щ£ˣ־
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ħһ֮ɫûУޱǡ
ī˵ȻˣִӦ˵ȥ԰ɣ
үӵͷ̾Ϣþģ
ȫˣī˵ֲԺ־һƣͶɱģԭµ°¶
̽Ҳ֪飬ŷһ뿪ҲƶѪɷƣɡ
ȴȻãܾңүү߳ŭĳ£Ȼ޷
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ү̾Ϣû£ȴǲ˾Юͼ
վˣ
͵飬˵˵Ʒм⡣
̫ųƣ
īһͬ˵Ƶı棬ʵһкܶహĶ
үӿųīͷȻ˵Һãλȿȡѡ
үӲ֪γƺӡ
ֻΪħȥ̫ᡣ
Ƿϣûκµĺۼһ˫Уȴ͸ſ͸µĲɣȻ䣬ᡣ
ħ˵ħɡ
ħү΢΢üңаƷζֵĺ塣
һӶ̬ȣүƺģЩһʲô
үӾþɳⱲʲôûϸոշǼ£ԳѾǳʧ
ˬʵЦħΪеȴ֮£ʦⱲĸ
˵ţԳī˵ɵӣʦͷ
ī΢΢һ˵˼ͰҸˡǲ֪ħͷĿ¡
վҲԼӦ飬¹ħǰ˵ͽīʦ𣡡
ħͷȻү˵ˣ
˵ţһīĸ첲һ˲ʧ
үһվ﷢㶣ãǳ鴤Źѹֽħа԰
ʱүͻȻһ׷ȥȴѾտҲ
ʱſϹôˣ
үӷ˸ָָۣˣ


10 
īٴηϸ죬үү
ҲףħôһŻԺ־ǲүү鷳ˡ
үүսĻԺ־µĵӰбүү
Ϊħ˵սϣүүʲô⣬ҲҪԺ־ͷϡ
īҲòħֶΣ
˻ĥ⻰һ㶼١
ħųīһ·Уյһ졣
һʼīܴ֪ķλһ֮ȫԺˡ
֪ʲôط
ڣħһƬãɽϷͣ½Ų
һԴĴɽ֮ϡ
īоͿƬɽԲ
ȥȺɽƻֺ꣬Ȼڸ֮ϣҲȫͷ
û˵ϻһƬȺɽ
ķλƬȺɽġ
ħī֮Ҳ֪óһѾ⡢һͷһӣһЩľõĹߣԼһЩ֮Ʒ
ڳīǰȥԼһľݡ
ʦⶫıģīһĿħ
ôʣħһ䣬ȻһȻֱʧӰ
ʦҪȥģħȥīЩĻš
ɽֵģ֪涼ʲôޣ
˵ȻСھг󣬻ĶҲ١
ɴľ飬ȴһ㾭Ҳûа
ʦʦľô
īɤӣ
ԶȺɽд
ħ֪ӶԶķ㣬ס
ҡīĳˡ
̯һʦʲô취
˿һѳľߣīǳ鴤ú̲סıģѵʦǰǸľ
ɽϣ洦ɼ
īŲŲ͵ȡľˡ
˸ΪʦĳīͿʼ׾ľġ
һ죬ִǱŵ˲١
ɽҪôɣȫûͷ
ڶ˴ʱ䣬ҴһһǰĿֱӴ
ŴڶҪǳīǰһɽЩ֮ʳҪ׽ʪ
īںɽ棬ĿǸһɥ֪˯ˡ
ûԡ
һ磬ģɢ¶ɽеĿΪʡ
īԺĴɽȴǰһʮ־ľݡ
ľȻܴ󣬵ҲԹס
ī۾ЩԼġ
ţ㿴ħľſڵһСľϣʰһֻδľ޴Ұޡ
ʦʦľģīЩŵʵ
ߣ㵱˶ôľݶãħһ䣬ʵ
īͷᣡ
Ŷħɨһ۳ī˵ѣ
û˵ѣīŭҴСھгүүÿ֮ǰҷŵͷѧ
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ŶħӦһȥˡ
У˵һοھ֮ҪһῼУ
˵ţħֱһοھ
οھɬֿڣȻ֣к֣ܶīǵһ
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ħһ֮󣬾Ȼͱͣתľݡ
ҵģûǱߣмǳ
ħ˵ţ۵һŹϡ
³īһһֻ޴ʬ巢ɵ
ˡȻû⡣
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ʦȻ˵÷֮ҪУ
ܱܲôְ
īħķ˵ʦ˵һ鲻ö֣Ҳʲô˼Ҳд
ħķ侲ĵģһûС
ƾīôҲû
īŭˣɴ߹ȥҪŶ롣
յſڣȴо·һεǽڣֱӽ˻
īɵˣ黹зղźǰ죬ħû
Ǹ
ī˰ΣȻߣ˵Ͳ˵Լ룡һͲˣ
󣬳īһһ߲ϻħ˵Ƕοھ
ܱħһۿãīȻ˵Ҳ൱㡣
ĽЩ⴦ãϴ֮󣬿ʼ¹
òħһҹ֮䣬ľݣ൱ơ
иֵӦоС
īǺ棬ԼʦǴıЩѵд˵еĴָ
ֶɣīʦҲʣħ϶ǲشġ
ܿ죬Ʈľݡ
Ҳ˵һ̣ħķţ֨ѽһ򿪣¶ħûʲôĲ԰׵
׼ʱīһ䡣
ħĻóīк飬ʱΪС
ھأûУ
ҡīħűиţֱûζ
ֻһ롭
ī˵ţ㿪ʼ
ļ仹ǺǿģȻЩĿİģҲɹǶοھгһ롣
ǷУԺҲҪš
Ϊħͷβֻ˵һ飬кܶɬѶ
īǸͲ
£ܱгһ룬ʦҲҪ޼
īҲЩԵá

ħ
Զгޡ
飡
īоԼƨɶʱһʹȻӣ֪ķ
˳ſľݴӣ˳ȥ
ֱھľ׵һȪ۱ϣݺˤڵϡ
ƨɲ㱻ˤɰ˰꣡
Ȫ۱ϵأʯͷϣ¾ֱˤˡ
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ħڳī𣺡ĸƵģ⣿ֻĽѵ˵һ飬ȫסӻں棡
̫ˣīƨɣվŭĥˣôʦģ
ħͲ磬Ƕοھٴ
īٱԹ䣬ھȴ͡
ΪħֶΣû̹֪ǸѪļһ
֮ǰͦŲͷڡȴǳ䵽ˡ
ܿ죬ħǶοھꡣ
ǰҪǲȫסȴһ٣ȻҲóˣ

Ͱˮ
īһȥ
Ӽֱûˣհ
Ͱˮصľī߽һӲˡ
ķ⣬Ȼһˮûʣ
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ʼĬĬǶοھ
ܿ죬Ϧ£˸ʱˡ
ħٴδӷ߳ɿ̰࣬ųī
īҲֱӿʼС
ò˵ħôһ̼īļڲ֪УȻǿ˼֡
īԼоˡ
֣һΣֻ֣
Ѿ൱ˣ

֪Լж౿ˣħһųīţһᡣ
֮󣬳û£ī¶˺һ㡣
һ
ħ仰תֱӻ˷䡣
īſڵϣ붯һ£ĹϿʦҲûġϣҲʦ˻˻ˣ
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϶̫
ǣһĹʹоȻʧˡ
ָֻоīȴ䶼Ը
̫£
īȻûܳԵħ˷֮󣬾ͱϵԼķȥˡ
ͬʱӸһĵ伮һŸɰͰ͵ĴҲ֪ǴŪģĺܡ
һֵ䣡

ԺΪԼʶҽڣ


11 ҵ
飡
ֱӱϡ
ǽǶŵҹ飬ʮ
Լǰⲿĵ伮ŸɰͰ͵Ĵ
֪ΪΣīȻñЩġ
ʦǺ޲
ȥ飬ΪƺҲӡ֤һ㡣
ʶڣϸħѾ̫࣡
ӱѩ֮ԭ֮ڴ죬Ϊʡһʱܷδ֪ΣգԲض˵
ϣԼ˷ӵѪɷƣľ͸ȥˡ
֮Ժ־Σүүǰ˵¡
³īⱲӶ֪
Ϊħ飬϶˵¡
֮ص׻ƳǣħүүԺ־ʹһָ֮˸үү鷳
ȥƺвħɹʵ
īȻֻһ꣬ˣȴĺܡ
ῴħˣֻǿȥ飬Եǿᣬȴ֮ˡ
죬ٴζҲʵܡ
䶼ޱʹࡣ
ʵǹɾûôˣҲ֪ħôġ
ʦԸȻ˰Ҳȥ
īⲿĵ伮ʼĿ
һȥ
ħӳĿھҲԽԽ࣬ԽԽѡ
ԣܳīܿͽǲĵ伮еȫȫ
Ȼ
ΪųīļԽԽãħҪҲԽԽϿЩ̬
״һ㡭Ҫᣡ
ö֮īҲϰˣһʼߺڵװһ
ûٵʲô
ԼԼЩƤӡ
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12 
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ֱ˹ȥ
ī̽һʦıϢϢжʱ˿
ô죬ȴȫȻû⡣
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һ⣡


13 ķ֮
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14 ͻԪ
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15 Ů
īЩԹĿԶͦ۾Ĵɽ¶֮ɫ
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УһҪʦ𣡡
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16 
ҹɫŨīȻܿŮװͰ͵ı飬ǳ˳飬˵˭ˣ·죬һߣǣ
ŮƯ٣ôƯŮīСĶˡ
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֮ǰĴ㣬Ǵһ֮ԸȴҸĵط
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뿴ųīص׻ƣ뿴ųīɳһ̶֮󣬲ܳ׷ġ
ʵ
ȻȥԣҲܲӲ

ħټģһ̾Ϣ
˫ӣעԼͽܣеС׷ϵĵܣ˵ⶫվҪʹá
˵ĶԣǣңԶѡ
˵䣬ħģһӨ׵СƿƿһŨµҩ㣬˱Ƕ
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ΪõⶫϧǱ뵤ڣҡ
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ȺΪһԴΪ˽ֱӳֽѹ
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Ҹ
ħǷϣ¶֮ɫʹࡣ
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˿ˡҲӦҲŶԣ
ԭΪɷ֮ɽ⣬䷲֮Ҫ⿪ⶾȥ㡣
վСⶾվǸ߿Լ
Ǹ
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ԭѾ˭뵽һһž޵ꡭ
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ԭҵ˽뿴ɳ
תɵһתһꡭԲٵ꣡
֮󣬵⺢ӳɳұ㻯ȥ㣬»ɢҲҪѣ
ħ˵ţһᣬ˳۽¡
ţħ˫ֲţȡƿеҩͷ¡


18 ɳ
ʦʦ
ٲңͽܾ
㴫оͶ
īһܣһߴţģǱޱȡ
ܵĹУȴǽѧϰڶھеһֲʮȻʩչ˳
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Ҫ֪ʩչѣѾͨŲ
ȴȫϲãΪٶ֮ĳĿȻҲˣ
ոһֱɢ𣿻쵰
ị̄ɴ
Ҳûʲô˵ģСûˣܸʲô
еħЦãĵԼӣ׿ǾѣҪǣԼ̫࣡
˵ֺ;ǿħīǹɺݾƾֶΣʹ
ôһֶΣϳȺԼ飬ֶ߳𱨡ҪΪħĵӣǲܵ顣
ԣ˭Ҫ˵īǸûûСˣħһӦ
СƫƫģּΪýƣһпõĶԼ
ƴʱ򣬾͵ʱҲ϶һ
һְֺ޵С
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īһҧչųĿ˹ȥ
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ΪǸ꣬Ѿˣ
׷˳īĳĿСһﾹȻҳԼһ˫ɫʱһĨȲмĹâ
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ڵ࣬׳ء
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īƲƬÿһƬ˸ź⣬絶
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·˫ȣЩ΢΢
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ϻΪСүèô
̵ģʵʵˮвôʲô
½Ҳܻĵط
Сˬ˰ɣ
͡
ǱȹŮҲ̲סЦ˳
ī̤͵תһɲǣһɱ
нԪ˲ڣʱٺһȭ
ȹŮʱ˿ôң
ߣƬɽֲҵĵ̣ȥģȹŮһбųīЦղŲ֪˭Скôˣ
ī¶Σ˸ۣ˵ôǱɱˣ
Цߣ
ˡ
ɱС߾ˣ֪
ȹŮ˵ţ˹ý廹ڳ鴤ĳĿһĽ׵СԪޣ޵ûУѪ⵹ǿһûʲôֵ
īôĿǡƤȡ֮󣬻ص׻ƳǣȥУһʴǮ
үүЩ˵Ľʿ㹻Щ˵ļʳǵĶȹһ
ôȹŮͱûʲôֵˣ
ҸæīһָĿƤȡǡ
İȹŮСһ˲һŮ
īƲƲ죬ȡһѷĶ̵ԼʰͲ˵ôϻʲôⲻǲֵطһŮӸģ
ѾĿƤȻӲޱȣīʰҲЩ
ȹŮųīӣ룬߹ЩԸ˵ѵң


19 ɿС
Ҫ
īЩĿȹŮ
ȹŮûĵʰ߰ôôʰʲôʱȥ

īٺһЦȻеĶ̵ݸȹŮ
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ȹŮ΢΢һ漴üһɻı飺ǰΪʲôһЩأ
īͷߣ㲻ʧ˰ɣ
ʧ䣿ȹŮһ룬ͷӦǣ
ôôȷīʵЩĻ
Ȼʲôǲô㣬϶ʧѽȹŮһĿųī
ǣʲô֣ȹŮǷֽĿīаޣʵ
ҵ֣롭Ů˰죬Ȼ˵ҵ֣񡭡ꡣ
񣿡īһͷߣǰĶ˵Ůܿ𣿡
ŮЩίĵ˼Ѿܲ˺𣿡
⻹ǿ˼ڤ˺þòźأ
ãǾɡī˳ǣȻʵ֣ʲôǲ𣿡
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󣬳īһ𣬵ȵʧֻʣºͮͮ̿ʱ
ŰѴõ濾ִȡֵϣȵ档
ĽԪ޵⣬ʮ㣬ϵεδ̿Уž졣
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ԭЩмŮʹ˼±ӣȻ۰Ͱ͵Ŀųīϵ⣬ϵſˮ
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飡
СֱӱקīҲΪͣһƨǡ
Ȼһɾ޴СʧڳīС


20 ֮·

īһ䣬һΣоˣֱӼо뵽ؿĿռȥ
ķѾҪǿȡˡֻҪоǿͿԽ롣
һȥī̲סɴ۾¶ŵɫѾжϣۿոձԼӴϰγСĿռ䵱Уֵֹֹĸо
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үӵ˵ⷬʱЩпּһ䣺ȻЩûʲôڲٺ͹ģҾ군ˣЩߴŷҲδػ군ֻҪƮƮ˵Ͷ֣ǵɼȥ
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īȻ֪ԼЩľֵȴ֪ǾԺֵǮ
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սһԱͽ֮ΪܼңҲ¸þ
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үүԸжټҲƣᱻɢˡΪǿЩ뿪Ӫ֮ܿࡣ
ֻҪģүӲܶѣְһѡ
ܶ˲ףΪүһĽ㲻Ǿ޸Ҳںʵϣүӡһصصˡ
ǺǿģǮȽүү׶ˡ
٣үүӦôȥЩӦðˡ
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ȥȺɽֺӣīЩ߳ˣ
ӦǴĵؽˣ
īۣԶ˹ȥһ߻
ֶԷͬʱԷҲȻ󣬼ӿٶȣ߶


21 ·ٷ
īüͷȻԱߵĲݴȥ
ʲôǲԸȥ鷳ڵһֻصģص׻ƳǡԼջ񣬸үүһͬ
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Слӣ˵أ
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ԷĶ飬ʮˣܿ콫īΧĿųīۼģֳīŵЩ̲סһ
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֧ЩвͬͨǴ˶һʮĽƳɡ
ӦþǶԷĵƣҪԳīһɱ
һҲȫ
īɲǼ䣬жϳЩϢԼ֪ͷôѡ
ܱܿ
īҲԼ
˵ʮ־׼Ĳ׽һĹ켣塭ȴѸԴתٶȡ
ɲǼ䣬ī𲽷ͺһ֮䡭΢΢Ųһ¡
֧ļֱϡ
۵һȻīֱϵļ⣬Ķ뵽ĲݴС
˻
ī壬˲һ£첲ϵļⱻһ˺ѣ
Ѫ˳ʳ
ҵǣһûĹͷȻĻƾһ̺׵ĽֱϵĹͷ顣
ҵʹ֮ͬˮϮ
īͷԡҲǰδеѣ
ֻܶһּļ
īһҧûת˶ȥ
·֧ʱ˳ְ𣬴ȵ֧ҵˣҼסˣ


25 
˵ţīչգۼ䣬ʧڲݴԵС
ǿֲĵڶȻٳû
Щûκζ
ãīϰ⣬߳һˡ
˿ȥʮ꣬һɫòӢͦΣһ˫˿𾪺Ͳ֮ɫ
ꡭǴðģѵһĳɣȻĻôܶÿһ
ǡ׷׷һʿ£ߣһʵ
ˣ׷ˣ׷ϣҲĶ֣װ̾ϢһĵӺܴ󣬶Ķ̶ֳȵĹʱҲֻܷһΡҽļڶ㣬Ļɣ
𼱣϶ܿܳɹģʿ˵
΢΢ҡҡͷûôף
˵ţ³һˣǵùӲˣļֵܣͷˣǵļˣǶΪԺǵˣ
ʴȣܸߣ¡ʿĵ˵
˰ڰ֣еã֮ɫûɢȥ૵˼СסˣҲסˣ
һȴɱҺüĸ£˳һ֧ˣԺٸ㣡
˵ţһ֣ߣ
īþȫڲԭϿ񱼣ʱ򣬿ɲǼƽȲȿʱˣЩʿҲ׷ط˵
һ·񱼣һֱ¶ǰףīоԼܳ߰˰Զ
˵ҲǵһΡ
˿̣ȶЩеԪҲҪһա
ͣҲûˡ
ߣ˼ң֪Լˣ
һƺԶȹ·һĳ˳īǰֱϵ˿ڣ΢΢һü˵ˣ
ôͨѵûôī˵Щ˻ƣһۣϥ£ʼķĬĬĻָ
ûһֱ㣬ῴ˵ţߵīߣСһóһѾɵļīֱϵӼȥȻ˵˵ĲᣬҺûͷ
˵ţȡҩʼī
īһķһ˵ۡ㣡
귭Ű۵֪ۣûɵ
ɵأ
ߣ㲻ɵΪʲô֪ܣȺ˼Ȼ鷳ôûһ׼
֪й֡īֹͣתķſۣøһ˫īӶϣЩε˵ңǸĹ֡
˵ţӱȡ֧ͨļⶫҾĲƺͬѰˣҲܶ࣬Ժ϶ҵǸһ
īҲʱ򣬲ŷ֣֧Ȼһ壬Ȼġ
ҵ񹤼ϸһͲǳͨ˵֣˵·һСġ֡
Уһɱĸоͷǳ䴩īֱۣȴûһ˿Ѫ
Ǹöīϸһᣬ̲ס̾
һ֧Щмĵҵʲôöأһ֧ˣûʲôϡģ
ʲôǴ˵еīһ꣺ûƭң
Ҷ˳īһ䣬Ȼ˸ۣƭʲôⶫֲʲôϡףˣЩԪ޵ĹͷƤģȥˣĪǱˣ
ûУҲˡīڴƭˣҲ뱩¶ԼǿܣֻӦ
뵽ǿ񣬳īȻ΢΢һо뵽ʲô磿
ؿڵһ㷴ӦҲûС
ʲô磿
īּо롣
ؿڵȻûзӦ
ꡭ
ιڸʲô
һֻ֣ڳīǰ˻ΣһֵĿųīڵЩҪȡ
ȿȡīЩεЦЦҡҡͷˣԺ˵ˡ
˵ţī֧¶һĨЩŹֵЦݣ૵벻ҵӵܣȻƬԭϣǶƬԭ־ڱصð
Щ飬ƺģڰī֮󣬽ҪС׷ִҴȥ
ȻôأӰȥ١īҲѾϰߣаԲ²⣬ܿѰʲôȻĻҲÿζɫҴҵġ
Ȼû˵īҲô࣬Ͼÿ˶Լܣ
һ뵽񣬳ī˵ĸоܹ죬һԭԼĶҪͻȻģȴ˾޴仯
ȻԼȴֲܿƵĸо
仯һ𣬳īָо
ıħΪ䱦ķ겻۵СȻǿߣ죬Ȼִݸһ˵ľϢɵҪȥ̽Ϣʱȫû˶
Ǽˣīﹾţʶ뵽ǿĿռ䵱С֪һУΪʲô
ռƺûж仯īеĸоƺû֮ǰǿˡ
۾һʱ䣬Ŀ䵽ͻͻСϡȻСǸԭͷǳ΢Сѿήˣ
ѵ˵ÿһεı仯Ҫ֧Ųɣīüͷ
һչֳ֮ǽ뵽ռУı˵һҳķھ
īûı֮ǰĿھ֪ǲǱøˣûκ⡣
ڶη仯С֮ĵڶҳϣֶ֡
η仯ǽīڶԵеʱһǿҵҪ֪Էʵͷٴչֳ񼣣ֱӽԷϢݵԺС
Ȼ󡭡Сѿήˡ
һеһУָһԭǾǣҪչֳͱҪ
ǣҪʲô
īռ˳üͷĲ²ǶԵģЩƵȴǣ֪ʲô취Ϊ
ҲֻܵһˡīŶȥһ·ϣҲƽ
֮󣬳īѾ뵽Ƭԭ򣬸첲ϵˣҲ˴롣
һرãҲҪ鹦ҩ㹻档
İīһϢʱ򣬴Զһ󼱴ٵͬʱŷŭ
ͽ㱳ͥȣ㲻к³ģһŮŭԶ
ţһӵͶɣԶʵˣҪٵֿˣûģûбͥûбȣвѵɣ
ӺͶӡѾ˴룬ھʣСӣҪǲͶĻСӡģ
ǲԭ˼꣬ѵ֪𣿡
Ůŭ𣺡ƨ˼꣬һΰǸˣ̰쵰Ҳһ̰££
ԭֻͥս壬ûͶų򣡡


26 ͥ
īվź棬ԶԶģһЩӰ񱼣
ʱ˵£ǲԭʿ̰ԣԸȥһս
һΡθ֮ǰһ
벼ֶΣѾʼͥѾǷֻԭϵĲ壬Ҳ֮һͶ˴롭ѰɣѾˣ
ֻҪͷȻƬԭϣĹĵλȻ߸ϣܼ
ˣ
Ůƺ˵ɴ಻شбһСк߸Ŷʮųī߿񱼶
һʿȵǸͽ˵Щɣ˵ʲôûáĻģͷŹǣҸľǵĺõģ
ʿЦҵĺõܵܣ벻Źǵ⣬ǲͶЩˣҲŹǵģ
Ǿ;һսɣҲģһʿһսͣ£ֳһ˳ǹ
ǰϵŮľ㲻Щ˵Ķֻ֣Ҫ³Ǿ͵þˣ
ʿݵĴ˸ľľΪսģ
ľҪȥǰŮţƺҪͣһʿȴݺݳսƨһǡ
ƥսʹʱɣܵĸˡ
ҪȥŮһеĺˮƮɢڿС
ҪΪұˣͥӵܣûеСʿЦţź׷Ⱥֱӳȥһ˳ǹֱָǰʿ

׸硣
ܵܣ
ÿȵν͡
վֵܣļԼֻܵǸǸֻû˵ڣԵһʿͻȻնгһѽһǱߵĸľͷء
һ۾ʱˣҪƴ
һն˸ľڿлһΪƯĻߣصϣĿ˸һۣҲô
ΪʲôҪɱҵܵܣš
Լ˵Ҳں޶СҲԳȫ㣡
㡭񣬼ҧ飬£ŵܵܵͷ­ޡ
Ǳ߱ǰŮʱҲ֪ʲôˮߵһϵᣬȴٷһ£ҲǿŲ
еĳޣͺá
īһĻ۵ףûκεԥһû뵽ݴԵС
һĹŮȺĹƬǰ񱼡
īȴǳź׷Ⱥˣֱȥ
ʱϵǿͻȻһ¡ȻǺˣԳī˵ȴһԵźţ
Ⱥ׷УҪĶ
ԭīûҪŹȺˣܸһЩ鷳͵ǰԼĹҡ
ȻǾˣǾ˼ҳĺӣ
˵ɱˣڻЩʣ١īѾǸֻоܶõĵ
⣬ͬҲս
ֻûдȱ
īĿ꣬Ǹոһն˸ľӣʵԲס
ܱɵִģȻһˣģ¶Ǿеľ
ڸٱڵڿնһɱˣȻɵĻصϡ֣ɲ˭ӵеġ
֣֮ǰھٶƫǸġ
ľˣһ붼ʹѡ
ҽΪܸոƬԭһ鷳Ǵ鷳
Ǿ̫ˣ
ī˸⡣үүСھӪ󣬶иѵֻΪ̫СΪûʲôս£û̫Ѫ֮¡
񣬳īԼվ·
ҵĸĸʲôˣңǲ۲۵Ĵ񣡡
ܹΪҵĹҳһҫͽ
īԼžʱǸӣѾ˾īֻвɵĵط
Ǹոһնһˣ̫רעǰȺˣӣȻԿֵܳΣ
ڣ
ɱ
īŭһڲݴУշ𣬵еԪޱȣ˲ȫݺһնϵӡ

ӷһһĨȻ֮ɫû뵽طȻˣ
ҾԼ𹥻
ִټ䣬еĽγԱһҪܿīһ
īģ˫ľôȥ
һǳīĿǰΪֹ򵽵ǿһе
һȥƲɵ

޿ɱܣ
ûгʵĽæһԭΪܹסīһ
ȴû뵽һȻޱȹƿûгʵĽһֲ˼ĽǶȡݺݵնӵļϡ
꣡
ޱȵĵ棬ֱӽӵļιնжһīûиоκεͣ
ֱӽӸնأѪ˲罦ϳص˫ĿԲдŲ˼飬ϵ䡣
ʱīѾһˣ
һз̫ˣֻһգۼ䣬Ⱥ˵ǿһѾīˡ
Щˣڷ£ûŪ׷ʲô׷ͥĹôö˶˵ģðһµꣿ
ۣ
ڶ˵ͷ­īһն֮罦ѪȺͻȻѹֵĽкϮ
Ϯ
ʹɱˣ
ץס
ǱΪܵʬ׶ںĸҲɵˣվ͵Ĵһ£ĺץסСӣǧˣɱ˴ʹߣ
ʱĳīѾʿϿ£ĸˡ
ݵ꣬һ˲䣬һµɱɱȺľֱԼ˫ۡ
Ƭԭ֮ϣʲôʱһֲꣿ
ѵص
ѾӳԶȺˣͬҲɻ¡
ǿ꣬Ǵðģ
ɱȺ鲻Խͣ£ȻԾ֮Ҳǲԭ˵硣
ߵ˷Ը죬ȥˣҪˣ
ߣǼȥһ˵
УǿһܹǣҪȥ룡
ϵһᶨ˵еСкųīķ򣬺Ĵ۾Ǻ档
̫Σ˹ߵĽȰ˵
Ůϣ¶һ˿ЦںʱΣգʹߣѾɱˣʣµġǲԭˣǻẦ¸𣿡
߼ʱһŭݣԼͬĵǻǸͽ
ǾͺáһۻСкܵܣ²£
Скۣȴᶨ˵ͥӵܣҲŲ£
õܵܣһҳȥ
ɱȺԭϵĺӣͱȺ׷׷ޱջΪ˱Ǿһսˡ
˿̼ͷȥﻹаԥºţѾīһɱõǳȥ


27 ҽְ
ī۾Щɱˣ
괿һƬѪɫ
֮䣬ЩȻ濴ȥû̫ս¡
ʵϣȴдľ˻СɵǿԴı߾ϵİսиš
īүүһȥһʿɵǿ¾Ĵׯ
ǸСׯȫ£ٶˣʣڣ
ӣڵɱׯʱ򣬱ǵĸĸؽԼҺԺһڿݾУȻòݸסǣŶһ١
ʱҪүүڽׯʱǿݾкӵ΢ǼӣҲһ
ΪԼ
Щ飬Եʱ׵ĳīɵǳ
жЩʿһų޵ӡ
Ϊɱ¾ûô򵥡
īɱ˿
ԷҲǴ׵ĸ
ʱĳīѽطս
УҲֻʣһͷֻһ֣ɱ
УЩʿڳīǰƺЩһ
īĹҲսУĴ𾪡
һһЩʿն¡
ǸͬԪؾĸҲȫǳīĶ֡
ΪܵܵĴ̫󣻻ǳīĹǿ̫࡭غϣ㱻īһȭؿϣ۵һһѪˤ
īԥеĵ߸߾
ĺɫУĵУ˸űĹâ
СӢۣһڹߵһʿã
īͷ˲ѣһ˫еѪɫȥڵϣһȻĸŵطһĭ޵ģٵСˣ
˵ţзĵˢһ£ڸԣֻôһ롣
ŵôһȥˡ

īһ䣬ȻͷҲأƬСȥϱ˺ܶѪŨŨѪζǳӦ׼ȥϵѪϴ
ǳ嵽ʱȫˣʮ׷ȫնɱҼÿһһ
Щɶǲԭͥеľʿ
˵ѱͥͶ˴룬ȴû˻ǵʵ
ȻĻЩˣôǱ
ǰȻһһͬвһ㣬ȫɱˣ
к޼Щͽ˿̣ǸıӰȫ˾η
һʮˣʿ磬ȥЩǴˣԭ˵ĳ࣬ԵЩʿҲԵú𾴡
ߵߣ˵ˣһҪס
ϵǶͥĳɰܣ
Ҫǿϰǣǵʤʣɣ
˵³Ҳˣǣ
ͷһ˫棬д֮ɫͷǣ֡ڣƾʲôס˼ң
ʿһ룬Ȼ˵ҿ꣬ʮ㣬Ȼְǡ
ԿȻٿҪʲô˵ţֿһֹ
һǱѾߵߵ꣬Ȼ壬лֱ˵ɣڸĸ󶼲ˣͶ˴룬ͥĹ񡭡ûȺˡʲôͱȥ׸Щˡ
ʿͷҪһʱףţƾ죬Ӧ˵
ǹҪõıӻǡ
԰׵ϣһĨΣЩɬĵ޸𣿡
Եһڻȫ¶֮ɫƺЩȴȫȻ̾Ϣһͷȥû
ĿŮһĹѾǿŲԭϵˡ
ȻвԸϣȴòϣǵĹѾһ޼ҿɹĸƼ˷ִӳͥͶ³ϣֺγǱŸ³ϵĶ̬Ҫ³ϱӻǵСӣ
ҵﶼףֻǲԸ˵ˡ
ʿЦһ£ҿ꣬ǲ˵ڣü䣬ȴһĨͨ˼ҵĺӡ֣пĳɡ
Ҫģڲԭǣ˵ܹ
̾ϢһŮϣһĨį΢΢˫ۣĽëţ˵һǣֻҪòԭͥʲôУ
ʿЩĿһŲԭϵ飬Сųġ˵ûκԵϵȴѾԼŮһбİ취ֺγԸ²ߣ
֮£꣬϶Ҫ³ǼĶǿ̫࣡
ֻһ³Ҫ취ˡǸϺ꣬Ҫûôס
ʿţź߻ȥ
īߣû·ֱȥ
ĺˮͷԱ쳣ѡ
ܿϴȥϵЩѪۣȻа룺ǸŮӣƺԭͥϵĹùͬɥ֮Ȯһں׷ϣ
Ǹ˵ӺͶӶѾͶ˴룬ӦþǸɣ
ôԭͥӦǷ˾޴ıʡ
ڣǵĹò
Ҫһʱ䣬ǴͨϵӦòѣ
īţȻһŲں̧ͷȥһʮˣһ·ߣ¶΢ЦĿ
СӢۣոն㣬ǣȻĻǶ̫ˡ
ǴˣīʿЩʵ
ʿ΢΢һһĨ裬ȴЦʵô֪
㲻õʲôҲʶ㡣ī˵Ҵ˵Ŀͳжϳġ
˿Ȼ˵ôСֵҲǴˣ
īЦЦڴ
ԭˣ˲ûлɳīĻôһ꣬ӵ֣ôгģ
ȻΪӦڴĳȻ󱻴ӦɽߣѾʦ
ΪʲôԸֱӳԼǴˣҲ򵥵ĺܡ
ӴһЩɳĵӣǶΪˣûмԸԼ߳ġ
ҿСֵӦûϴһµ·̫ܲȻͷĲ÷СֵܶףһڵЦݣųī
īҲôܸȺһ𣬼״Ȼƴǣӹ·ȷе󣬲ܺù֮ǰõ
ųīڲݴл·Ĺ˸̸
Ԫ漮ģƬԭѾʮˣһֱͥ£֪ܷ֪Сֵأʿʮֿѯʣ˿ûѳīһʮ겻µĺӡ
˭ʮ꣬ҲٵԼʮǿʿ
ī룬˵ҽְףһѧգɽߡ
شĺܼ򵥣ȴȫԪͲɻ
Ϊְ׵ǣ
˼ҵʵҪɱȺˣҲ練ơ
Ⱥˣѳɥ֮Ȯʲôֵñͼıģ
ԭְϵܣ֪ϵɽҪִЩʲôأԪСĵʵЩɵĵӣߣǴġ
īʱҲ·Ӳݴ߳˵ûʲôҪ񣬾
ͷһϲȻ󿴼·ĳīʱһһݰ׽üĿӢ꣡


28 Ż
֮ǰīڣһɱɫԪҲûпĳࡣ
˿̿ī֮Ԫʱãͷ֮䣬ɲŮòǰ䣡
飬Ҫӳ飬ļҲʱֱٰˣǾͿˡ
Ԫţ¶º͵Цݣ˵ֹӣҪ㣬ǿ¶Ҫ١ǹҪ㣬ȴ־ýǮЩֹݵ˵ֱ衣ֹ֪㡭ʲôҪģܿڣģǾƴǣ
īЦҡҡͷɽҪΪԼ֮ԳְǣҲǿЩǿ٣Сˣߣ
ֹĳԪĴָȻ̾ϢϧڲǴǰȻĻ϶Ҫúñ㡣
īڰ֣Ԫ޷ԭϾʲôܸϸ˵˵𣿡
໥̽ĿĶһȻĵͶ
ԪһīĻжʱϲкܴᣬ꣡
һѾԪ̾Ϣһī˵ԭ귢һЩʡ
ѣǴҲǹĸĸңһ֮ء
ҵĹ磬ЩȥȴҲҵĹûʲô
ұԸϣƬԭܹˣܰҵ
ֻǴһֱδƬԭ졣
⼸ʮ꣬һֱڲ֣
ҲǱɱˣΪתˣһֱ棬źƽΡ
Ԫϣ¶ߺ֮ɫһֱ֪϶ֶһֱСķҲϵȴû뵽ˣȻλӣ
Ϊӵڰǰĳһξϣ͵͵ľҩ
ҩɫζΣҩԻж֮󣬸޴Ӳ
ΪǲһӶĻͥĽ϶ὫʬΣ
ӣҲУͥĽֻڴһˡ
Ԫ渵һ׮ͥڲıһ㸡ˮ档
ֶҲǳŵӣһ³ɣͷΪƬԭһΪӵķء
ֻҪϣͿˣ
ͬʱŵӴĺôزЩ鱦Ů׵Ĵ˽޴Ķ
ͨԵĶҩһĶԼĸĸ
ǰױ
ԣҽողԶҩڻ۰ʱ䣬Ǳ߸ĲҴҲԲѡ
Ѿ׼õĽ磬ųݣòԭĹأڣ
ǿа䷢ͥĽ滻Լˡ׿ͥ
硭ǸλʹնԼĸͷ­ʾͶ룬ġ
⣬˵򲡱У
Ȼ﹫ҪҶȨԹ֡
Ԫ˵⣬̲סˮլʺ񣬾ԼһĶӸˡ
벼ڲԭϵЩֶΣһ˲䣬ͳױ
ԭ֮һĲ죬ŵǾ޴ĺô·Ǳ߾ͱͥ
Ⱥ޳ܵСˣ
Ԫҧгݣһʹޡ
ͥڲ˽֮⣬кܶˣҶ벻ģҲǴˡ
ӳЩ֮ǰͥƴǳɱȻ¶Ϻ󡣡
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ʱԽҸȻ󳯳īԪ߿һۣڿԪʱĿЩƺЩȻ˵һ·ˣ
ӦģԪһ˵
ͷ˵߰ɣ
ȥǣ
īЩֵĿһԪԪ͵Լס³ϡûסһ𡣡
īŶһай°
һȺˣͶȺʿƺƵŲԭȥ
ʼգûͶλ²ʿӳ˵һ仰ûпһۡ
ͶɫҲʮѿۿȺԶŶݺݵĳǸպ׵ıʿôˣ
ʿһί˵ȥǣ뵽Ҳ֪˭©˷
ģͶҧ𣿡
ŵʿҡҡͷʼգ϶û¶棬λҲûг֡
ͶһŭĵŮԴӼ޹ûһκɫģ˸ƨ
ˡ԰ŵʿ
Ͷ˵ʲôﶼԼˣλѵͲôô
ˣϢŭǻǻȥɣߵ飬λӣҲѾ֪ˡŵʿЩɬ˵
ԭΪǸò£λǰ¶¶˭뵽Ůˣװװһƣ˵ûضȥ
Ͷ࿴һʿܵίͷһ˵ģǲ죬ʲôʱ򣬳ͨˣߡ
˵ţͶ¶һĨЦߣ
һȺˣһ򣬿뿪
ԼֶŮֶһ·ۣгʮǰȻһƬĹռǧĶ
ۼ
棬ɶߵĳǽǽ⣬һʮɿĻǺӣ
ֱһµСǣ
īЩΪЩȫͬڲԭЩķ񡣵ǸĵЩһģһ
ԭϵĽҲ̸ʲô񣬾һձȻͥձҲֻǸ󡭡һЩѡ
Ԫڳī߽͵СĵĻϲĵľĵ伮ϲĵʫʣšҲϲĵĽ
˵ţԪ̾벻³϶ǲȻһƬĵĹ
īͷǰطҪһƬɲףϾһ޴鷳
Ԫ¶һĨЦЩʧ˵³ϵĲƲԭǿͥʢʱڣ۵ĲƸҲ³ҵ֮һ
ôī̾һȻԪ֮䡭
īû˵꣬Ԫɫ΢΢һ䣬ĻֹӣĪᣡ˵־ԼЩãЦŽ͵³ϵĵ̣Щ˵֪Ժ󡭡лġ
īЦҡҡͷ޷ֻеѡ
Ѿףڼ޸³֮ǰ¸Ԫ֮䣬źܵĹϵ˶Դ˴˵ĸ̬ϣҲƳ֡
һ˳ŻǺϷµĵţ˳ţڳǡ
дӭȻר˸Щʿȥϴ
īߣõĴҲܺãԼһˣһԺ䡣
Ԫڽ֮󣬾ͱ˸ߡ
Ǽᶨ˳īĲ²⣺λԴģѧʶԨ˵εĴ壬֮ͥ䣬϶Ųɸ˵Ĺ¡
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ˣÿһϸڣܷŹ
ү˵ǧｭѨ
ǴĴ⣬⣡
īҲС˵ϸԸ񣬼ʲô飬һʱ򣬲ٷЩ
ҪϴļѾͷīԼԡͰ棬оرЩǵãϴϴˮʲôʱˡ
СʱīŴ͹·һΣЩ·ܺЩʿǵ·һ
⣬Ҳǳī֮ǰרŶġ
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󣬳īڷÿ״򲻶ġٳɫţҲҪڷȻĻõ츳ܱ˷ѵ
īСͶ
һɫҲʱŮīǰȥ硣
ٽӷ磬϶Ǳزٵġ
ŮһīٴμҸ磬ڱߣҲȫ
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ҲԼĹù˵ʲôˡ
ī˿λԼֶŮֶߵġ
֮ǰҲ˵ĹùãֵΡ
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īԪ΢΢һЦȻһݵһ
īɴ۾ǲ⣬֮ǰԪС΢ıӣôڡǱһƵģ
Ǳ߱ҲЦӯӯվԪ΢΢񣺡ˣ
ī̲ס˸ۣĵ֮øӣ
ϯʼĲһīͬһЩˣȫߵʿԳīǳ𾴣ʲô˶ҪīȳīСھУȻ֪ôЩ˴򽻵
ܿ죬ϵգƱյ̸Цţʱ֮ǰЩʹͲ졣
ţšҪġ
īǳֹҲ
ھҪ뵽βʱͻȻ˸ͨ³ϵӵӵӵ
ʱī˵Ŀ⣬ſڿȥ
ֻһԼѮߣһĳۣͷڣ
󣬸ˣǰģҲͶʮ꣬òʮӢһ£ϴº͵Цݡ
мλǰʮƣֻǱ࣬һ£Ц·ƶʮֿ̰壬ÿһóġ
ǸˣȥҲʮ߰꣬òҲʮӢһɫﻹһȣˣģǸ׻ƳЩŹӲࡣ


33 ³
ͬʱòƽƽˣ˵󣬴ҲʮͨȥѰ
īȴ΢΢һ֮ǰ˵³ߣԪؾӰ롣ءˡ
³ϸ˵ĴŴ磬īִ۽ĸо
Ƭԭϣ֮ǰĶһЩֱɵĺӣȻļŴ磬ҲȫǲԭͷϣźܶĹΡ
·졣
īеĲԭˣҲӦġ
ڿ³Ϻ֮󣬳īʱЩң·ֻصĵĸо
īԪǱ߿һۣȻ³ϳ֮ԪϣɲǼһĨȻţָЦվĿдż𾴵Ŀ³ϡ
Ҹ磬Ҳȫվ΢Цӭ³ϡ
һģңʮƽȫԼɷ򣬿߹³ϣ˵ôˣ
³΢΢һЦȻһԵԪͷּˣ
Ԫ³ʩ񣺡¼³ϣ
ôҶˣ³ˬʵЦʱһĿűǵֶŮֶˣܲ𣿡
˵ţͷ˵ӣ
ԭͥϵĹȻûдʹô࣬𱰣ȴһġ
ϣҲûֲԸȫһЦݵǰҸҸ磬Ҳ΢ЦŻպǢ
īж³ϵΣճ̶ȣ˼ֻ֡һĻȫ󲻵֮ǰͶǵֱ̬ȡ
ѵ˵ǰͶԼԱ˳ŵģǸ̬ȶԴ
Ȼǲܣ
ôҲֻ˵³ϡǸ̫̫αװԼˡ
ӣҲ˿
ߵҸ硭Ҳǲضá
óīЩпּͥĺӣȻͻϷգۼͿαװԼʵ
³ϵĵգó˼֡³ԼǻȻ»һӲˣЦĸԪ
ڼ仹ٱһһ·ʿǡ
лһ·ϣ͹ӣˣ³վŴ룺ƣȸˣ
һʿȫˣ³Ҳ׷վľơ
ǶǲԭϵĺжѪĺӣҪΪͷŲǵļҾͺã⣡³ϽʾңȻЦе¡
еգָֻ֮ǰҡ
īУȴһ䣬͵۹۲һԪͱ˵ı顣
ȻǼҲĺܣȫżֱͷŭ
³ϣĵдңûʲôԡ˵Щ̬ȣ˴һźšīаǡƬԭ
ңӽ֮󣬵ڣûһ󡭡
˵Ǹ³ϣһֱܺáˡ湻ġ
֮ǰЩС
뵽֮ǰʹϵǷܺϼصһЩīȻеһܺϣĸˣ³ϲġ
īΪӦò֪¡ӽı˾һˣӦò顣
ѵ˵³ϣǴڲԭϡµأҲһӣ
ֻǲ²⣬īǱֿܸһүү˵߲֮ĲĺͽǳǻıģѰ벻ͨô¡
Ψеƿһ̣֪һеࡣЩʱ򣬵ƿˣȻ࣡
ȥ֮ҪоһǷܺˡīа
еŽ³һˣûֱӴ뿪
īר˵ָ£ص䣬֮Ԫ
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īڰ֣֮ǰ˵ˣҵݣܱ¶ȻĻļƻûչˡ
Ԫڰ֣Щɬĵ顭Щ仯
ôīԪ΢΢üͷ
ԪһˮȻ³ϡкܴ⣡
ţīһԪ²⣬Ѿˣȴ֪Ԫǿʲôƶϳġ
ոպȾƵʱ̽һ³ϵӡһϴǸЦ滢Ļ϶ģ١ΨЩḡûĻġ
ˣСӵУֻ׶Ըġ
ԪΪȶ˾ƣ˵еㆪ¡īҲĵš
ҴֻƬвͶ࣬³ϵ⣬ӦĴӣ¸ľ
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Ԫϣ¶һĨЦ¸ˮСȻֻ¶䣬ҵ۾
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ΪǱûôϲҸ磡
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ԣŻϣ¶棬ȫһ˵Ŀģֲֻͥᡭ⣬ǣ
ֻǼӣЩˣװĿģӹҵ۾
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˵Ͷ˴룿īʵ
Ͷ룿ԪλԴֿԣһ㣬΢΢ϵҲ໥ðˣ˵Ĺĺܣǲ̫Ͷġ
ī룬̽ʵǡ˵³ϵУ᲻д벼µӣ
Ԫ΢΢üԴ˵ֿԡеġ
ô֮ǰļƻīԪǲʱƳ٣
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ûϵҲûʲôҪ顣ī˵һЩӦģ
ͬʱԼķҲ̸¡
ùãôùøЩԾڴͷҲм⣬Ȼȵò࣬ܲסʱá磬ȻûôҲûٸȡ
ȻԾЦ㸸ݱ֮ģң˵ǵɥ飬ǲǸɱ
ǹùô˵ʵ
ҵȻ˵ɱ˵ţ̾˿ӣҲҿųģСʱ򶼲û뵽֮󣬾Ȼɥ
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Цһ˼ԭͥԶǴһ綼ˣǻҸ磿
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ҡҡͷҿ϶С
ΪʲôУ֣˵Ը񣬸񣬶Ƿ𣬸ҴΪʲôУ
˵̫ˡЩʧ˵øǸ˼ԭ˭ֹ
̾˿ԥһ£˵֪ô㸸ĸʵֱӹϵ


34 
ʲôȻһ
Ŀһۣ˵ȻĻΪҩǴģ
⡭ⲻܰɣֶҩǴ˸ôϳ֮ɫû뵽¾Ȼ³йءǵ뻢ڣ
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ΪڡҲֶǻˡ
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ĸɱܵĴˣѾ൱ءһ·׼Լ׵ĹùãҲΨһһˡ
ȴֵõһϢκˣ¶ñ
ģùʱû£Ǹ˵ʱɱңҪҵΪ£ԭأЦ˵
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̾˿ΪҩҺܾǰ¸ˮһΣֱӱ¸ľϡ
ҵʱû̫һ£Ƭԭϣӵи湦Чҩкܶࡣ㸸ݱϢ֮ҶʱЩԾǣ͵͵ŵùҽһԼ塭
˵⣬ϣһĨȻ֣ҵУһԵĶλҽ˵ҴŻĸµ
ҵʱ뵽ĸĸ
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Ŀɿڴ૵Ҷ֪ĸǰ֢״
̾Ϣ㻹̫СùԼ鱨
˵ţ֣ģùǰ϶ϲԭŮı

죬һֱ̫ƽ£īҲĬĬ
ڼԪҹ֮⣬һֱӰ
ֱҹīȻԼĿ΢춯ȻһѵϣĿſǽڷŵһܡ
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īЦЦָָһԵӣλȻСĽǻǳ˵ɡ
ͷҲûٺʲôֱӽµƣ³ϵΪĸī˵һ顣
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īЦЦûʲôģֻǣҲжˣ
ͷϲûзʲô仯
һԵͻȻ۾һųīֹӣǴгĵӣһнⶾҩԲԣܲܰҹùãֻҪܾҹùãҪʲôСҡ
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ţؿڵ΢΢һȣһϢݵīС
Ƽһ㣬ƫԭжԳɷΪ
ⶾҪҩΪ
ƷΪ֮ռУʯ֮ϡ
΢
ī㾪һ˼ı顣ôû뵽Լϵ񣬾ȻܹϸĶȡϢ
ˣһ˱֮ľɷ֡
ҪģϢУֱӽⶾҩ˳
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󣬾ȻƷ
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īоԼԴЩˡ
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ôֻҪԼʦеĽҩ룬˵ʦĶͿԽ⿪ˣ

īûоԼ񣬾мֵ
֮ǰıķھīûн
ֹӣֹӣôˣؽ黳֮ףӲض롭
īѡ
īһ۱ʮ˵ĺˣֻҪڣɣ


35 ټ
ǡ̫ˣֹӣллллһ⻰Ҳ߶ʮһʱ˷ܵòг
Ҳ΢΢һҪ̫˷ܣ⾪ˡĿųīãżֲʵֹ˵ġģ
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ͷ˵ֻ֪м֣ʣЩλŵùҽҲֱ治ˡ
ī˵ǲаЫβʮ㡢ɫţĴ롭֣īž˵һѣֶ߱˶ɵˡ
δˣһ𾪵Ŀųī㲻ǸһĳһͲǲԭϵˡҪɣ¼ˣ
¾Լδܰⶾҩĳɷ˵
ΪȻҩǲûֶҩ
ЩҩѾȫ¼嵱λµġ
īһ۱ĵŮҲȷ³ϼ޻Ƥӵ£ҲܻҪϢ
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īĵҪңµʱңҲû
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ҪǲӣͻóǷݽͨ¡
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īԱ鱨ѾͶء
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ڣֻһԸ
һԵֻϣҵֶŮܹΪԭϵŮ
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꣺ÿңӰȥٵģϽܰ
𡭡ϻˡٲ͵Ƭɭ֣ҾҪҲ
һĿųī˵ҪǻӰȥٵģõô
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36 ɵ
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󣬿첽ȥ˿̵ֻ뾡ԶƬ֡
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īȻҲȴҪĴԪҪȻĻīǲ˷Ԫġ
⼸˶ʮɵӣҪôӵŲ׵ľ磬ҪôϴŴԪʯںԪġ
ī۾΢΢һУаӦñҾһЩ
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˵У߳һˣգۼīǰû˵ֻĿɢǹǿϢͬһͷ͵ԪޣѪޱʢ
һʮҵˣһɫľװͷڣüޣǣòʮӢųī񣬳Įӡ񣬸īƽʱϲࡣ
īһ˫ӣһ޹ĿˣһŴ˵ĺӡ
СӣûпһȹŮ˵Щ䣬ó⻹̬ͬ͡ʱųī˫ۡ
˿˵ѣ۾ȴ˵ѣ
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ǱԷֱ޳ܸ׼ŭˡ
˵߳ϣΪһܷ飬Ҫɱүү
ȻһУ
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Уŭں񡢶ס
治Էסˣ
ǽƻյСҲҼסˡҲŹ㣡


37 Է
ԷԶȥ
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ȻԷľ߳Լһ㣬īоԵţԼԷ
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īԷȻ˵ҪǲɱңҾ͸ȹŮģ
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ãҴȥī˵ţʮָɴ࣬תߣƬɭȥ󱳣Է
Էâ˸ԶɣȻȫĻҲȷǳҪץǸŮ
ԭǿ϶Էô򵥣ǸŮϴûı
ŮϵˣҲ⼸˵ģǻûֱ¡
ǸŮ⸽һŻ
Բ֮ǰֵŻ
ŮҪǿд룬ܵŻ󷨵Ĺˡ
ʱһĻñԷ˿Է̰ʼ׷ɱŮҪ˲áŮӲǴǵƤӵˡ
׷ɱݣһŮϱȴǼɵŮ
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˵Էûף
ī˸ոյЩ顣
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ȻɱҲһ˰ˣ󻼡
ΪŮʲôģ˵˵ѡ
īǰ棬߱ߵǿƬɭֵģҲҹƣҲ϶߲Զʱ˵ľͺء
ôԷһĴһЩ䡣
ʱǰĳī͵һתԭտҲϣͻȻһλεĳԷֱ˹
Ȼ
īһȡ
ؼ䣬һޱĿĵ⣡


38 Բ֮ҹ
ޣһ
һֱԳīСԷڳīתһ˲䣬ҲøոշһĨЦ
ΪҲԳī֣

ǱЦݺոշɱһĨ貵ĵһ˲䡭ֱӽס
ԭдŵĵҲ޾ȡ
ⲻܣ
һԶԼ꣬ôܡն޵һ
ǣ

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ڳ޵ϣԷҲδ֡˼άնϵĹ
Է˼άͷеһСȫɲǼ䣬ڳīһĵ
һûлᷢ

һгɿգ
һУһλã
Էվǣϵдš˫еɣȴڿٵɢ
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ī˳ǣԲҲ֪
꿴һεĳīչһЦֱЩˣҲĴԼҲԭôŮôһ޼ҿɹĹ¶
ɭֵ¹⣬īһŮžи̣жȲ˵϶µһģ
ʱīȻоϵȻ䣬һɾ˵
⻹ǳīһΣϸܵǿ
Բ֮ҹŻ
ī꣺ߣѰȥ


39 ִ֮
ǿңڴߴ٣
㣬Ȼˣ
īһ֣ɿȥ
֣޹ǡ
ī֪ΪΣֵһ˲䣬΢΢һ
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ֻǿţûбֳ棬ȴͬһͷС¹ڵײ
ָоֱīܳƬɭ֣Ȼޱǿҡ
ããȻģƺ治ˡ
ȵȫعʱȴֳīѾԶƬɭ֣һĲĵط
Ҳ֮ǰҪƿƵĵط
Զأ
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ʱԶȻ䴫һȵŭţкܶˣȫųī˹
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īĴԴЦŵԣ
񱼡
ȥ·ϣ˳˼ֻӺɽ


42 ²
ڶһ磬īˬĴӷ߳ϴſĵЦݣŮЦеĴ˸кϺð
ãŮͨ죬ͷС¹ײΪʿ
ԭϣͥʿлŮĿеѡ
ΪͥʿǶʮ꣬ῡʣ˫ȫڲԭϣӵ൱ߵĵλ
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Ҫ֪Ů뷨ī϶еּͥŮûʲôо͸ڶԸ黹¶ֶ֪ˡ
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ĶУī͸ԱߣʿװƥȻζٻЩݣǰ㽡׳Ҳ㹻Ӣ䡣
еü˳Ĵ͵͵ĿųīУżֳԡ
ԣһʢװʶĿı˵ϲ
ϷƣЩ˼ȴĵ˵ͷЩʧ˵ϲҡ
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סˣҵıֶŮϲҪȥ׷ǧȴˣԼȥڡ
ʮꡭҲСˣԭϵĶɣôģܶ඼Ѿˣʮ꣬ͿȢˣ
˵ĿŹùãùû˵ңԼȴΪʲô֡
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ҡҡͷ֣ùò㣬ꡭùôҲȲѡ㸸ˡķ涼ܺãƫ̫ʴȡ
ʵкöλᣬչѪ󣬽ԭշȴƫƫҪᡭߣԭϣΪ㻳ʲôãԽǻᣬԽǾۣ
ʱ³ϵѾˣһ赲ͷ
չȥ¡˼꣬ԭϾͻᷢһս
ʱȰ㸸Ҹڣǳ³ֱ¡㲻ɱҲҪ
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飬Ҹˣ˹ùôꡭ
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ЩݵĿԼĹùã˵ùôί̹Ȼȥԣҡ϶
ģ˵ùһΪƬԭϣ貵ǿ飡
סĵط³סĵطԼһٶʮϳӽƻʱڵˡ
ǰƬձīԭϵĸоˡ
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ԶԶģ³ϣӣ¸ľ¸ġ¸ˮһȺ²ĸ߲ӵ£
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֪ǵĸѰи¶ţӼ޹ͲøһµŮˣҪܸ˯һǸжã
󣬴߳˵۾Ϊ֮һ
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ԭϵˣҲӵǣ
³ϵʱӵ棬˵Ļ
¸ľһֱЩΪϴӦʸȢ
ףȴҪ
ɺܼ򵥣¸ľǳӣҪ̳λģ
³Ͼ಼ֶŵĲԭ֮λãתһȦ֮ٻصǸѪС
¸ľ޶˵ȻȺͳ嶯
ϧǣû˸ҷ³ϡ²壬³Ͼ죡Ψһ
ӭӭǣװӣҵıֶŮֶӭǡ²壡
³ǿĵЦݣһº͵Цݣôһĳߡ
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ܶطа
Щһ£ͻὫ²Χˮйͨɣ
ī۾ĵζû취˵ģ϶Ҫ˶ϣ


43 ϼ޻
ĺɫԶһƬۺϼ⣬ӳС졣
²Ĺ㳡֮ϣȼѵܻϼӳ
ԭó裬ʱдŮΧظ衣ԶԶģܸܵ顣
һɻգ
űĵգҲﵽһ߳
ŮţȺΧ
ϣȫ¶ĵЦݣ鲻ԽŤ
ԪߵīߣһԾգҪ˿쳣
īпЦЩĶᰡ
ʱҲֻ˳ҵŤ¡վǴСģ˵ĽкԶû⣬Ť˼֮󣬿ȥҲģ
˺һ֮˲ͣÿ˵ϣǺ˵ģЦ档
϶ż˷ܡ
īа裬³ϣȻ
ǱȾ͵õϢۿЩвõ֣Ҳᱻ˿̵ȾﵱһʢĲԭˡ
ⳡ¶Ὺʼ
²ˣʼΣɵĽڷźáţƲˡ
ȫԭϵɫʳȫôʱţ⣬硣
ī̲סЩʳָ󶯡
˺ܿҵԼλãǱ׵³ϣ룬ˬʵЦⳡ磬ΪӭӵҵֶŮҵֶҸӣҿ飡
ƣ
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īһľƣһĸо˵֮ǰ˵³ϲھƲ϶ֽţСΪϡһЩƲˣóĽ޶
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īĵˣ
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СӡôûʲôˣҪ˭ף³Цʵ
ǱߵıȻѾ֪飬˿̣ϵЦݣǱЩӲ
¸ˮʱһתͷĿ˵ҡ¸ˮԭϵĺöɣҪϲһϲԭ貵飡ԣЩ¸ˮĿУֻϲһ
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Ҫȳһ顣˵ͥ䣬Ҳ˵ֵֻĳ棬˵Щôɨˡ
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³ϵļ⣬΢΢鶯˼£˸ȴûֹֻǿıĿ⣬ñ
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кᣬ˵ĸĸĴ󣬱ҩо綾ֱնȥͷ­
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һԵ¸ľ氵кݺһ¸ˮСȣԭЩվȵ¸ˮֱߵڵأȻһƽЩȵˣЦǺǵĵܺȶˣվվȣ֪
ҡûӵ¸ˮŸոյĻ˵ȴͻȻ俴»һ£æ˵١ңҺȶˡˣԲҶˡã㡭˵
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ͬʱٴøԭͥҵĽ磬ԭһ徻һ
ţø壬һ԰ԭͥ
˵ţ³ϣʩ
ֳһƬٶ۵ˣܸоеգý
˵Ŀ⣬ȫ³ϵϡ
³ϺȻ΢΢һЦһ˵ⷬТģܿɹ󣡵治ף
ô˵øǴӦ󣿡ֱʵ
³һЦ£̫ӣҲʵڲӦֺӦġģ㸸ĸ˫ҡùãΨһˣһΪģ
ī۾΢΢һУаһϼһȻʼͱѹ
Ȼ³ϼ˵ҵϲһӣ㸸ĸ飬һܣ治߱߱ĸ߸ͥҲһ
³ⷬ˵ն
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ڻ£ڣҪΪĸТȷ˶顣³̾˿
Ǳߵ¸ˮ۾ʱɴ󣬸Ҫ˵ȴԵ¸ľݺݵһۡ
ʱ³ϻһת¸ˮһƬ룬ҲһܾһƬġײ¡ȴǿȶ
⻰ɫʱһƬҰס


44 īս
һԵıʱһĨ䡣
Ǳߵ¸ˮתŭΪϲԭԼһŵǧֻҪ¶顭Ҳܲˣ϶ˣ
ҡʱ󼱣УѾˣֻϵһ飬Ҳȫܽܣ
¡ôˣ³ƺҲľԼģһӣĹøĳȻܺ㣡Ӧ飬Ҳһȥ
ߵڰףϵЩˮøһϴȥһף
仰³ϵ۱ԣչ¶ࡣͬʱҲ֮ǰǵСƣֱӸѹ
ȻڵжԣīҲòаһ
µƣۿžҪ³һԵԶһһֱıȻ˵һ¡
кλҪ˵³ϵ˸ĹâעűевҲΡ
治ֶŮֶ㾡ܳԣ
Ȼ˲³евһЦ˵ԭϵĹϲӢۣ˵Ķ𣿡
³ϹһЦŮӢۣԣ
˵ôԭ貵ǿ飬ҲӦһԭӢ˲Ӣۡ񣬵Ҽ޸㣬˵ǲǣ
³΢΢һ⻰޴ӷֻܵͷЦӢۣҾˣ
Ҳ¸ˮĸףҲûԼĺӣˣˮȴͬ
³дӲһ£ôԼĺӣ
ȻǸˮĸףҡҲ˽һ˵ԣ飬øˮͥеʿһ
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һԵ¸ˮһмĿԼĴ硣
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ߵһͥʿʱˣ׷վҪȥѵǸ֪ļһ
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ī⻰ͦݡ
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²ʱһͣ˵ΪôţҲҸͥĹϡ
Ǳ³ϣڿīվһ˲΢΢һУ漴йһˣԸ˼ʲô΢΢һ첽ȥ
ī߳Ц˵Ҳ۸㣬ȳְɣ
СӡԼңѹݺݵĿųīڹĻü
ī΢΢һЦһָ֣˹ɡ
ʱŭһֱӳųī˹
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Цˣ
ǻиļƻں棬Щīһͬͥʿǣ޲վȺ֪ĴһֹӵӢ¼
飡
¸ˮѡȷеʵģһȭҹһ졣
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ԼϵЦݡ
ʱ򣬳īڳˣ
ͬģҲһȭ
һȭ磡
ֱӸ²ȭͷԺһ
飡
һ졣
ûʲô춯أҲûʲô˻
²ŵŵŵšһ߰˲סΡ
ˡī
ԭӵʱһ
˶ȵĿųһĻе㲻Լ۾˵СԲͥʿ䡭Ҳ̫С˵㣡
Ҳʮܻ꣬ôһȭľˣҲ̫ǿ˵ɣҺԣ˼ˣ
ܲԸϣЩ˶ɵԭϵˣȫӢۣʵΪвԸģ֮£Ⱥ²սʿǣȫֻͣɫȴúѿ
̫ˣ
ľǴһ漴һŭ𣬾Ҫٴī
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˵ţվɫ԰׵ȥ
һԪԵһͥʿ˵
һ
һ
Ҳź
³΢΢һЦ𼱣Ͼˣ

ԶͻȻһĦ·ųص·
һֱıɫͻȻһ䣬վ³ŭ㡭ôܰ˸Υ棡
Ŷ³΢΢һЦҸող¸ˮĻ


45 
³ⷬǿ˵ģϻһĨζЦݡ
ԣ
һͥʿҲɫһ廤
ʱȴȻĵһ˵дˣô
³΢΢һЦޣɲͨд裬ѾϵǶӵ°
㡭㱻ñȥа϶޳ܣڣҲٶ˵ʲôˡ˵ˣ϶ľˡֻЩǵԶеĳī
ȻԶ˵ʲôīȻ˱³֮Ľ棬Ҳ˱ԼЩűЦЦȻתͷȥķ
īܸоġ²һˣ
飡

飡

ŲڵϣصĻÿһΣúܶͷ΢΢һ
һʲôˣΪʲôҪЩ
Ȼ֪ʲôɽ治ɫĹùöɫжʱ
һۣİɣӦģֻ⻰Լûס
飡

ǱߵˣԽԽһ޴Ӱӳīѳīһ
ϾȻôߵˣ
߳Ӱֱһˣ
ߣһɣ
Ųϵ߽īڿ˵
ĵǲŨüۣƤܺڣһ˫۾ͬյƣʮ
һ߹·һƶĺ
޴ж۴ϸ˫紩棬첲Զȴ޷̫ȵĶϣҲޱȴִĽϣʹܴ·
⡭īǳ鴤ţаֲľˡôһķˣ
ǱһͥʿҲ˸ŵˣͬҲǵһμ˸ߴľˡͬʱǴιǵĴִнŵȫоһð
һϵЩǧأ
ң˼ιǣǵö۰
ˣƺϵߵΪϵ·˵ͺӰһ㡣
Ǳ³ϣ˵²ʿ¸ˮƢ꣬ϲ飬ǰѻֱ˺飡

һľ³ϵĻһ
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ԡλСӢۣҪСˣǾԼǶ֣ڿ䡣
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⣬Ҳǳīһμ֮ۡǰۣԡ
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ãīߵͥʿǣ̲סѪڣкá
УȴΪīһѺһˣǣսͷԳīҲ˵κֵĻ
Ǳ³Цãøԭɣ
ߴ󡭡ϰɣ³ϳž˺һ

췢һŭϵһ̶졣
飡
飡
飡
һһ뵽Уųī¶һĨЦ˵Сһ㳤ϸƤ⡭ȥܺóԵӣ
ī˵۾΢΢üΪܸоԷ˵仰ʱϲûԵɱʮǿҵԹ
Թǳǿңڳīڻɣ˵׾ĥвǿҵԹ
ɣһңīһת뵽һ⣬ʱЦеĶ˵
ˣ
һޱȳƵ죬𴩹ιǣס첲֮󣬳Ĵִǳݺݵī
Уһս
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ɱ̫ˣ
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ݺԱߵĵϡ
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οģõģ
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΢΢һ漴ȥ³ϣвϵֹӣͿˡǧҪͦסȻһɱ϶ȻĻȫڽӣ
ΪʱѾо³ϣԳīݡģȻĻὫߴɵ
пܣ³ѾϤ˳īʵݣ
Ϊոգ³Գī˵һ仰
ãøԭɣ
ѵ˰гǣ⣬ԶȺͥʿķȥֻǾԶɫְʲô
߳īˣܣֳ
֮һƬǽ壡
˵ɱʵ̫ǿֲ̫˵㡣
ˣȫԶԶĶˡ
ҲīĲܣ˻·ɣҡ
ʲôֻҪմϣֻһ³ϡã
ܣ
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С
ŭţϵķ
ڣˡȫԶԶģд޾ľ֣ǡ
ŴţīͻȻˣչֵ쾡£ವһ£ӹԣһ仰
ûôɵжˣܽ⣡

˺ݺһīȴ˳īԡ
Ӳĵϣٴαҳһӡ
īһĨЦ⡣
ɹˣ
ΪһΣ˵Ͳǳģ
Ҳ˵ոյĻԷȥˣ
ಣ
īһδӾӹȴ˿Уһ͵ƾʲô㣿


46 һ
Թͨͺð죡
īʱʼ˽
嵽ǰ߸ߵݺһȭ˵֮ϡ
飡
һʯͷϡ
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˻
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漴ݺһͽʱ͸ɱ㣡
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ˣɫ԰ף໥һۣӶԷпǺں;
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ʲôϸʱѾָƽ³ϣǴɵӣɱ㽫
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ϲˣ
³ϵͫסȻŴ
ͫףһ
ţ³ϡ
λԭ֮ϣ֮۰
ͷ


47 ɱ¾
һ·ʱ䶼ˡ
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˵Ŀ⣬Ҳȫڡǿͷ­֮ϡ
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ᣡ
ᣡ
Ȩᣡ
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а
˵ġ㣡
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ⳡʵڲʺϣһͷ˽īĻУʹһ
ȻԼİ⣡Ϊ֮⣬ʵڲ֪ԼҪļ顣

ĸ֣ڵľȴǸӢꡭġ
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ʱ
ûȻϥ̧ͷű֪ҪζԴ²ЩʿԼǵļ
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īһԿţаʱһ˿϶ҪôףԼǣҪôǸϽȣʾЧҡ
ȴʳһ⣬֤У˽ȻСҲԲ࣡
ûԥֱ˵Щȥ˵ļţ
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˻һɻû˵Ǳߵ¸ˮֱ̱ڵأ޺Ű󣺡ĸסҪɱ֪ˡ֪ˣҪɱҰ
ٵ¸ģţݺһ¸ˮ׵㶪ˣ
¸ˮ޺ҲȶǿҲ


48 Ӣɵ
ϴ¸ľҲݺݵһԼĵܵܣҧۣ߿ܣ㿴ҵӣɱ㣡
˵ţ¸ľ۾űˣҾͲͬ⸸װȢ֪㲻ǸؼŮˣ޸ҵĸףȴظȥһŮӦ飡˹Ҹһֱûɱ㣬ңһ㣡ҲͲᷢˣ
üɷףû˵ԵͻȻ䱩ŭһͷŭСʨӣ嵽¸ľǰݺһƳϣµ㻹Ѫˣֶ֪֪ģ
Σ¸ľ治ɫ֪
Σֻ˵һҲһŭ¸ľ޲ɱҹùáͬҲ¼洫Ķҵĸĸȫ㸸׺ģ
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¸ľ̲סŭ𣺡ΪʲôΪʲôҲʰ
¸۾һգһԲ
ҪҪɱҡҪɱҰĸסҪɱң¸ˮеԶȥ
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ͥʿѪܵͷ¸ľ¸ĺ¸ˮˡ
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ƣ˭óԺʮа˾ţΪƬԭϵŮ
ߣǰ;
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Ϊô³ϣվ²ˡ
ȴֻͽеͲȫ
棬ɱ²λӣ壬ֻе߲ܸܵ
ֱӴΪͥʩɣоԼǽȴܵãимȻǲġ
һֶʩ¯࣡
Ҫģһ£
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˱֮㣬Դκ̬ȣҲڸһǿҵźţ
ЩģЩ²ҡʰˣ
Լ鱨ֶΣվ²ڲ˸˽ôͬʱҲǸһ켺ĻᡣλߣҪɾʹ£ͱҪڸ÷ȨʱȨ
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īЦЦ˵̫ˣ˵ЩҲΪҵͬʱҲҵѣô
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֮䣬Ͳ˵Щ׻ˡī˵
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֪ԪԭϵĵλжߣӵжôԺյδƬԭϣܹڵλϸ߹Ԫˣᳬһƣ
ԣĳŵĳ̶ֳ˵ȱĳŵ
īԪ˱ȭûж˵ʲô
ӣӣӦأ
һصͬʱ

ߴɵųصߵīǰһĿ
īȴ֪һһ㶼ɵ
飬˵Ҫ۹ͣīãˣӦ׹īӦ˼ҵĺ档ǾһīҪӽ³ϣǲܵ顣
Ϊ³ϣѾӸ֪˳īʵǸϼ޻ۣôīӽ
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ٸ³һλᣬκԥڵһʱ䣬ɴڵˣȫˣ
īЦſǰƵľ˵Ӧ飬ȻڣȻɣ
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һԵԪ̲סһīУ˼־η
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¡
һľˣųī˫ϥ򵹣ͬһСɽڳīǰ
ӣԺ󰳸Ӣˣ
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ī뵽õĿǻ֪ʵݡ
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īǸúӣ鷳
Ҿ㣬ҲңʵǷīһ£˵һ۸ӢͽȻ˵Ұ׸նϺˣǴιǵƵԼóˡ
˭֪ӢȴҡͷܾˣѾ˰һˡҲѾϰڰˣֲӰ찳ж˰˫֡
ֻѰϵնͺˣڽϣ·ûšġɡ
ιǵҲó۰īִֺ֣Ӣε̲סֱü
ӢٺһЦûµĹӣһ㣬ðоš
īЩȵĿһһĸӢ˵УһĨȻ֮ɫīһСɽһĴһҲһйµ˰


49 ޴Ի
죬˾ͣ²塣
ֶΣĺܡ
¶ʩûз̫ͽ²峹շȻҲ³ͬȫкܴϵ
ȺףʣЩԱ᲻𷴿
˵ѽ³еУ֮ڡ
ЩеУкܶ඼²֪ȴŭԵģʵȻӹɣ
⣬иǲ֪ģ
һһ״ֱӽ³ϡλԭϵڳϡ
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ٲȻƬԭϣڶͥ
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һսû˿ΪӵûĽ죬ͱԼĲ¿Դ֮ϣȴ󲿶ձࡣ
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ĲƸ˵ԪʯĴͽгīĿɿڴڴ֮ǰīûһСȻᴢ˶ԪʯҪۿ˵īš
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ԲԭϵĸֶɱҡȫһŮкܡӢۡԳīˣЩֶΣȫòϣһ취ûС
Щ죬Ҳ֪Ԫ̽ٴγīĴ㣬ԪĵͬīҲͬû¶ڷ硣
ֻ˵Լͻʦż
ԭһУī뵱һ䡢һΪģ
Щī룬ʵڷֲΪͥĹĿǰΨһܹվΪĿоˡȫûа취ӱܣҲӱܣ
Σ
æ÷ֲīҲֵУž˸ӢÿǵѰй䡣ΪӦҪΪӢⶾ
²屾ʹдҩģô֣ǳīʹŸӢԼѰҡ
˵ӢָȫûвĴһīЩͷ
ľ޴ĴͷȻӵսޱȾˡ
ͬģʳҲͬޱȾˣ
ڻɱ³ϵ죬ܶ鶼䶨֮һֱĸӢīţ²ĳΪ²磬ԵʱĳУдĸʳЩʳٹϰ³һٵġ
ڳīע£ͷӲһˣЩʳԵһ룡ûѳī
󣬳īѸӢԡţ̫ûԹҪһӳô࣡
Ӣһ߳ԣһ߸īһ䣺İɹӣɵҲǶġڣֻ˸뱥ѣð԰ɣ
īˣֻǿԡ
ļʱӢʳֱ²壬Ϊǿе̸ʡ
Ϊڴ֮ǰ³ϴûøӢԹһٱÿθʳҲ˵ˣǿάѡ
һſ׾ˡ
ã³µĴƸʹñ˲˵Ļʳ
ӢеĶҪȱеĶܶࡣ³һֱһֻ볹׿סˣûҪɱԣ֮󣬳ī˸Ӣⶾҩġ
еҩսĿռ֮Щҩģڳīע£ֱӱʯɣ֮䣬ʯϱŵҩ
ٶȡֱδţ
ңʯǾôֱӰҩıɵҩģīҲǰ˼⡣
һ죬ðﱦѰҩĵĻᣬīŸӢȡҩȸһš
ȳһ̫࡭īϾǵʦҲŵҩܽӢڵĶػɾȳһԣʱ˽⵽Ӣľ״
֪ӢǣȻȳīһ뻹ֻ࣬޴ƣóīҩġ
ǿŲСĵҩڸӢУֱһС
󣬵ҩӢһ̵ર졣һһСˣ﷢
ʲôоûУ˰죬īŸӢʵ
ûʲôоӢҡҡͷ
ֹһᣬīʵʲôоûУ
Ӣٴҡͷ˵ǲǰԵ̫ˣôأҪȥԣ
ٵȵȿɣϾǿԪĵҩһζԼţһҪٱǾˡ
ڳī׼ѯʵʱֻͷڵϣȻһƺЩʹࡣ
īһҪ˵
ֻӢڵһ¡Ըȫƥ̶վȻ󲽣Զȥ

໥ײ
䣡䣡䣡
ӢÿһƬطһƵͲգ֮䣬ܳȥɣۿҪʧڳīߵˡ
ιôʲôīں溰
ˣͷͬһ㣬Զ
īǳ鴤ţи̵ôͷӵĻ᲻һӣ
Ӣûһӳī֪Ҳ֪һ㱻һ죬һֱ磬Ϧ£ûɵĻҳīһǺ
ӣˣǻȥԷɣ
ī̲ס˸ۣˣ
ٺ٣ˣӵҩ鰡̫ԵЩûѰҿӼ֣ҪǳţƾͲˡӢٺЦһģڶӿտգҪ
īһҲˣԡ֪˵ʲôźá
ߵ·ϣӢͻȻʵӣǲҪˣ
īЩȵĿһţֻܿһһȣҪ͵Ųˡ
ô֪
ӢЦһģǸͥСˡԶ˼ȴ䲻ȣŲ˼
ǣУ̫Ҳī˵뵽޶˵ͿʱֳԹӵ񣬳īУҲЩꡣ
Ҳ뿪
οīѾӡһٻӰ
ţߵģ͸ŵģǹӵùܷӢһĵͷųī
īͷߣ˵Ҳܺô٣ԺȲţǣҲܺõģ
ɣӢֻţۻ鿴ųīԲԵĵǲ̫ܳԣҪԺ󡭡ٳԵ㣿


50 һ
īһĿŸӢȻ˵ܳԣõһ֣Ҳ֪ҵݣ㣬̫ˣǸҵߣȻᱻ˷֡ҵ˼ô
Ӣͷ˵ף͡Ҳȷ̫ߴЩߵģᱻָָ㡣ǣǰŹӣԭϣ
˵ţӢһĵ˵Ǵ뻹ǴģжΪȥ氳ʶһ¡
īŸӢ˵˵ɡ
Ӣ˵ˣ޴ڲԭ֮ϣͬһͷĬľޣ֪һͷ޵ȴװһжִġ
˺ܾã˵ﰡŮˣԴģ游̶ӣڲԭǿȺǿ̶ӵĻɱеˣеŮˡ
Ⱥǿ³ϵˡﳤĺƯǣȺǿѰ׸³Ǹ
³ϡǿռ˰֮ι˲ҩְ֮Ѱ͸һ¡
ī̲ס̾һҪοһ¸Ӣȴֲ֪˵ʲô
͸Ǹˣһӣ˶԰ﻹ㲻ƢãΪ³Ǹιҩˡԣ˺ȶ˾ƺǴһΣܲˣ˳ȥڲԭϣ˰
ǹ¶īЩȵĿһ۸Ӣ
Ӣ˵ͷȻ˵ţҲ֪ʲôˣ˵񵽰ʱ򣬰ϾͰһ̺ӣʣʲôûС
šǰСӣͺѿűɡ
Ӣϣ¶į֮ɫ
īҡҡͷ㲻ѿȻ˵㣬ȴŨüۣҪͣһҲӢ
ٺ٣Ҳô˵ģԸȡӢӢͷЩ˼Ц
ǣأôӣīʵ
Ӣ̾Ϣһü䣬һ˫УĹâ³Ǹ
Сʱ򣬾͸ȫͬر󣬳Եö࣬Ҳ졣һʼﻹΪ󣬿ɺܿ죬ͷ֣һ㶼
ӢЦʱ򣬾ܾϰٽеĴʯͷʱ򣬾ѾгˣôҪ󡭡ܶˣˤӣǰĶ֣
ȥǴǾͽ̰֣ϣܳΪһ֪ʶǵˡһֻƵġҰˣ
ī˵Ӣ
ǰӢҲΰ̰вҪޣȻĻͻᱻɱ˫ۣʧȥǡӢ᣺ǶӣҲǰһֵʱ⡣
ϧþҵǸˣһֱðһ̫죬̫ܳԡҡΪĴڣܴˣΪã
ԣѰ飬߸³ǸǸ˵֮󣬶ʱãҪܰѰսϣ϶յ벻Чǣٰ
Ű꣬ﲻͬ£Ϊ֪³ϾǺ游䵽زסȻӦˡǰ鿴³ϣԳ֣һ˰Դ
Ӣ˵⣬˫޴۾ˮﵽץ³Ǹûɿ
ī̾Ϣֲã˵ҪԸ³ϣôͬˣԭΪ⣿
ǣ˵ðгޣɰӢǸɱ˰޲ܽ˺Ƭ
϶Ҳ֪ԣһʼþ޴ѰιǴϣסֽţÿĥ뽫һԴð׵ĳ
뱨Ǿͼװ϶̫ˣЩ꣬һֱŰֱˣû취ðԸǹһٱ
īǳ˳飬һ䣺һˡ˵ţŸӢҲʮꣿ
Ӣ˵ʮ꣬϶˰ʮһ꣡ȴûĥ𰳶ĳޡʵ죬˵ܾȰҲΪõһλˣ
˵ţӢЦ˵öԣൽ˼¡Ȼͻûð˹ӡ
īЩЦЦʵұСܶأһҪ£ܵʮ꣡
Ӣ˵˵ˣ־Сû־궼һ
ȷϧīóްһĴһأ˿ȡ
ͬʱīҲԵǸѾȥʮһŮˣȻֻ˼ʱ䣬ͰһͷӲһͷԵľˡ⵱治˭飬ΰǸŮˣһ㶼֡
Թӣ³ǸѾˣĳҲѾˣƬԭ֮ϣҲûаĶӢĿųī˵ӾðĿ̫ۣ԰ѰһطԲñ˿ǰѰڴĵɭУȡԪޣ⣬Ԫ޵ĽƤǮӣ𣿡
īŸӢǵҪ뿪ƬԭǾң
Ӣԥ˵
ΪʲôīЩ⡣
ùףΰϣҲûˣ¿һˡӢ˵Ӿ񰳵һȻû󣬵
㲻ĸôī̲סʵΪ˿̣ʵͷʧ顣
ɣû᲻󣡵ȻܵĻǣΪɶѰˡȻóܳԣ׬ǮԼӢί˵°ȴܰΪʲô

īͻȻ³һҪȥĸӢļȴָţ˳ǣĸӢСȣ˵Ȼǣ͸߰ɣ
ۣô̫ˣӢʱ˷ܵòȻһ֣īĸ첲ֱӽīŵԼļϣ󲽱һܣһ߳Ϧţмм
īǱһ漴΢΢¶һ˿΢Ц
ңõһ֣

ʲôҪߣΪʲôһԾĿųī˫ޱȵʧ䣺㲻ǳŶáǲǣң
˵ţȦ죬Ȼ
īЩε˵ɽҲʱƵģʦҪңҪǰȥ
ڡھ껹һµʱ䰡ҧݣųīͲܶһʱ𣿡
īЦĲУ飬ҲҪ顣Ѿ²壬ӵƬԭǿһţڱİ£ǿԺܿͳһԭƬĲԭصͥС
룬ҼҲû̫ˡī˵ңˣӦö׵顭̫ࡣ
ī˵ԲҲ˵ѣҸ˵ʵ㲻ģġĲԭҪػͬҵļҡ
㲻뿪ƬԭҡҪصҵĹģ
Ĭˣһ˫ӳīãʵǡһлᣬټ𣿡
ī룬˵аɡ
ֻǻôʧ֮ɫȻȻ̧ͷĿųīְףʵ˼Һϲأ
īû뵽˵ĻҲһε֣Щ֪롣
һ۳ī˵أŵģô࣬ҪߣұҪٰһʢĻͻᣬͱ㣡
īҡͷܾˣ㻹иҪҪȥһ뿪ͺˡ
ԥһ£ʧ֮ɫŨͷҲãǡߵʱ㣬𣿡
ī룬˵ͷ
ǡˣ㡭úϢһ£˵ţߵīǰϣһ£Ȼɿܿ


51 
īգҲû͵Ļᡣ
ϲĸо
ڵı£Ҫ֪뿪Ȼѡ
ȵڶһ磬д޾˸УҪͱīʱȴ֣īסķ䣬ȥݿա
һվϢᡣ
һڻô
ûͷͷˮȻֹס˳ʡ
ɣˣǣվһ硣˵ţ߹Ӻ§סֶŮ˵ڣкܶҪҪȥ
֪˵ùã˵Ҫܳ׵һأ
⡭ùҲ֪Ϊùøһϲһ˾ѪԸɣЩʧ˵
ùܱҺã٣ԺǾͿһˣʧ˵ңȴʲôط֪ҲⱲӣҶûټĻˣ
ùн죬Ҳǵȴ˺֮ܶ꣬ǰùþ˶ٿѡ붼벻һʧȥ֣һֶŮϵۣңԺܹһҲҪ͵͵Զù⣡Ϊ³ˡҲϵɷҵݡȲܹĸһҲܣ¼޸˵ʵҿǷ̫ࡣ
תŹùͬ΢ۿ̲ס˽ĻʹùãĺʹܡΪʲôҪ
ްɣ޳ͻܺܶࡣ
ùãһܼ𣿡
Ҿܣ
Ϊʲô
Ϊùþãôˣùýǿֲ޽֮ǸĺˣֻǡԼҪȥɣ
Ϊʲô
ǲϲɡ
ϲ
ǺǣǺˣ϶зǳҪҪȥҪһ뿪ԭ𣿡
ȻʲôŮλãһ㶼ϡ
ҸأҸô죿ԭϵ񡭡ô죿ѵͥʽ΢ŲԭһƬսҡˮͿ֮̿У
ҡ
ùõĻʲôʱһͳԭʲôʱΪｮסʱӵǿΪȥܶ飡Ѱֹӡ
ô
ùõģһУ

ֶ֮ͥĶԻīû֪ˡ
ѾԶ²ǧ֮ĵط
īûдŸӢһԼãøӢȥ׻Ƴ
һīԼֱӱ¶һ棬ҲֶٰһΡ
ǹƲɵڣոԭḶ́Ӧû˳ܶࡣ
ٴһ·īľȴѾ˺ܴı仯
ңǰһˣ޾ԩ뿪׻ƳǣԶģ̤Ƭ̵ıѩ֮ԭһҪ볤죬Ϊɼҵӡ
֮£ʦħʱĳī뵽һ׸ıĹ켣
īʵѾ֪ʦûзסʺԣʮа˾ţɹ볤졣
߳Ժ־Ʒ³Ӧò̫á
пܣĳĹУȥ
ϾšҲġ
飬κɣʵ߲֡
Щ⣬زۣ˶Щ
ԳīЩңܹʦǳΪһĵӡ
ƬԭϣջҲǼģɹĴڴƬԭϿľӪĲá
īǰǷݴ벼ڲԭϵ˽½Ԫ
ƾԪֶΣò˶ãͻЩȫʰ
ɹʵ˴СڱѧЩ֪ʶõδԭͥ顣
飬
īţгһգԼǿڣԪܾ
δĲԭŮΪѡ飬³īСڽͥҲǴȥġ
֪Щ£㲻һֳɹүү᲻ȡõĳɼеأī뵽
ã̲޾
ڹҵ·ϣī飬ƽ
ʱ䣬һ顣
Ҳ֪ûлꡭ뵽ǸȹŮīУЩꡣ
ԴǴԼõ֮߱󣬾Ҳû֡
ڤڤһɫٻӰԶ߶
ꣿīЩԼ۾ųԼǰŮЩĿĵôҵң
Ȼ˭ЦеĿųīϱ飬ȥһ޶Դ棡
īЩĿŮҪ顭ˣ
ûС국˵ڣֻңòã
ǡҪؼҰīЩͷʵϣһ𣬻Ǻܿĵġ
ûϵͬ·ȻһЦôߣ˵㡣
īͷȫǺߣô죿
˵ɡƺԸ¡
ī룬ͷ˵ðһߣҲܼįء
һ·ϣ˽ͬС
ԭûʲô߼ԪޣͨԪ޶١ó˵ʮɡ
ڲ̸˵óīʵϣųīؼҡ
īһЩϵ⣬궼ǳϸĵĸ⡣
֪ʶԨóī֪˵ʲôã·ûʲô⣬ס
һڳӱ߿գһɢһϼп͵ɡҲ׷ӥӰӣܳ
һ·棬˼һ֮¡
𣿡һī֣վһСɽϣԶǰѾܹһƬԴȺɽֻҪԽƬȺɽ͵˴ľ硣
İһģڳīߣ˵һ𣬾ͺܿǲԽƬȺɽ͵˴ľأ
ô֪⣿īЩȵĿꡣ
磬һ죬ͻȻʧ᲻ңûлشī⣬ڳīϣһ䡣
ʧΪʲôҪʧīУһ˿ԤУ΢΢üѵĸɳĵӣ
īԼȻʲôɳĵӣȴ֪ɵĶŵӣߺ쳾
֮ǱնϳԵȻعʦţ̤׷߾ĵ·
ǣˣȷˡ
ֿˣϱǳԵϡһûл档
Ǻǣǰɣ͵ĳɳĵӰɡЦһ˿ᣬǸ˳īһЦ㻹ûشء
ⱲҲûлῴ㣬һ㡣ī˫ڰ׷˵
Ҳ㣬롣һ˿ˮ


52 
һҪвôīüħǴû˵ֻһŰɽ߻ס
ǰȻҪȥ̾Ϣһһ۳ī˵λԭĹΪ뿪ԭҲΪڲԭһĵѽÿ˶ԼΣ
ô֪Щ£ī˸ۡ
˭֪֪ϵ¶һ޶
ðɣ㣡⣬ǸҵġīãԼбҪ¡
ǹʲôأһںӣ΢΢ǣȴǳһЩġ
ðɣ£ôһؼΣīȻ˵
أؼңļңǲǶʲôͼ꽿ϸڵһºˣȴųīһʡ
ϲ㣬ؼңүүī֣۾˵
ҡҡһû׼áЩͻ𣿡糺죬˸֮ǰǸѵŮƺȫĻһˡ
㲻ԸôīʱЩʧ䣬ġվЩеġ
ҡһ۳īԥŵŮӣүү϶ϲ
īЦ˵ϲˣֻǽ˭Ҫϲˣ
һûãڣû취Ӧ㡣СĿųīƺģֲ˼Ů顭ܲһӾʹӦ㡣
⻰ϵڸ߳īӦ㣬˼ŮӣƤܲһ˵˼ʹӦɣܵҼΣû취ˣŻɬĴӦ㡭
ϧǣųϵ¹֪С㣬һ¡
ǰãͷӡء
īѧϰˣԣڸⷽ棬ȴһİֽ
ܹ̹ϵ˵ϲһˣԳī˵ʵѾֱʵͻˡ
ԣīЩʧĿ꣬Ů˫ڰ׷ޱ鶯ӣᶯ˶ڻûʳǾ䣺ôܴӦң
ȻŰֽô̲ǰֽСЩյӣīֱҪôʣû׼λһתͷͻʧ


ˡ
Ůµʱһ΢ĺԶƮ
īȫ˺໥һۡ
ȥī֣Ǳ߷ɳ۶ȥ
ȻȻĸųīһڲݴзɳһ㶼ûоòȻ
ƺ֣Ѿһϰߡ
췭ظħ١
ǳī
֮ˣѪ֮
ϣնħ
ǳī⣬˵Ļ𣿡
Ҫôæ𣿿Ҳ뵽鵱С
Ҿ˼䡭֪Ҫʲôңȴǣìܡ뿪ԽԶԽá
ҡ᲻ã
ô죿Ҹô죿
ī벻ԼŮʱ˿̣ޱȵľᣬܼ尾
ǰǺȵȥһЩ˺ѷΣ·µ顣
īͬʱӿٶȣǱ߳ȥ
ǰһĻóīĿѣ˲ŭڡ
ԶĲԭϣӵڲ̵ɱһȺˣ
Ŵ̱ǵѪȣϵʬ壬Ѫɺӣ
ܶʿϴŲпЦЩ棬ʱɱǣȻϵһ
ù䣬Ҫĵط䣬ƫƫЩĸ첲顣
־Ŀ޺ЩĿз춯أҾ徣
һСӣ첲Ϻϣ֧ڵϣһϢĺ衣
СӴԼ⣬һˣǣһֻӣӦþСӵ裬һ˫ĶСӵķ򡣵ȴʧȥɣҲܻӦıˡ
Ϊһ֧ȥǰشεĶڵϡ
һϸˣϲ֧ȴûѪвǰšһʿӶһԴ¡
ʿЦţ񱼣һڵˡ
ɱ
Եɱ
ûκɡֻѪȵɱ¾
ԶĲԭϣǧŵˣš¾ţԾ˵ٶȡš
ī꣬ԶԶĿһĻ˵۾һ˲䣬ȫˣ
ֱԣ
˵ˣǶֵ裡
ֱһȺ޲ң
ŭһնͻȻһͬµĵ
Ⱥϵʿһɨһɫ¹⣬ˢһ£ֱӽʮʿֱɨ¡
ʮʿˤ֮ӾֱӶϳأЩһʱûз־ĺУǰ͸ǸոŰɱЩһ
һϱ˴⬵꺺ӣԭѾһϢǵȴȻһնεʿߡ
⺺ӵĺһͬҰ޵ĺУ֪ıһֱֻʣ°ӵʿ
һںݺҧסʿĺ
ޣҧסĺݺݵһڡһ˺
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һڣ
ϣӲʿҧ
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󣬺﷢Цƿ޵ȻͷһᣬѪ
޵ֲ˹
īȺʿУоһѹֵҪĸо
ϣ
߱
һһڿеʿ롣
Ѫ֣
һ
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ڸոգʿеһ˳ǹϣһ߰СŮ
СŮȻʿȴĴЦ
ͷ­߸߷һ˲䣬ЦصƬȾ˵ĴصϿա
ɱīˣ޾ɱһħ
ոջھ¾ʿǡֱӱͻ˸ɱ
ɥʧ˼
˭ִֹͥҪ𣿡һɫףݵʿһȡ
ͬʱīʿϵѪΪʢһսꪣֱͬһ㣬ƺӵ޾
ȥʿһһꪣֱӴīüġ
·һꪶ
ī߱죬˵ڰУ䣬䵽ʱ򣬶Էһ꪿϶Ѿ̵üĴ
޿ɱܣ
Ȼʿζû뵽ǣڰյ꣬Ȼһȣûм׹߿һɶ࣡
ƵޱȾ׼һֱգ
⡭ôܣʿУ¶޾֮ɫԪԪߣ
ۣ
īӸ£ݺһʿ
ʿ˶ŴˣȻ亿е㲻ɱҡǲԭͥӣ
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53 ɱ
ʲôīʱȫûע⵽һ˫ۣѾһƬ죻ע⵽ÿնɱһһۼɼѪߣ뵽塣
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նɱԽԽ࣬ռеǿʯϣǵָ״Ѫɫۼ޵Ĳ֣ʼһ
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ī֪Ѫɷ֮ô£֪ʲô
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֣ƺ̻䵶һӣһ貹âն¡
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īɱ¾䡢ԵѪ죡
еȫѡԶī֮£ԸǸͬһŮСʵǺܻһͷôô
ƫƫģеЩȫָоŮУҲҪУ
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˵ıѹ֮£ԭ֮ǰڱŰɱһЩ޹ƽУЩ׳ӣھĿ־֮Щع
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ɱȺ
ֵǣ˰ˣһǹˣȺҪߣһϡȺ࣡
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ĲԭͥڲԭĿеĵλɼһߡ
Ⱥɱ˿ʼԭǧͬһѹաֱӱˣ
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ΪǸ޸ס˿־壡
̤ؿڣûϵؿڱ̤ͬʱҲҪһϣƥˤˤ
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īʱҲѾоһɼȱϢޱңԶĵطӹī¶֮ɫΪԷӰӶûءԶľ룬ԷϢȻѾӵ
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˵һժӵģӡҲʵ̫һ㣡
Ҳԥ˺ܾãžԼӡ
ǿ
ǱѪеշûշıԭ
Ĺͣ
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һڽκ˵ʲô÷ѣֻҪ·һõĲãʼãͿˣ
һ˵Ĺ飡
ȴˣ
עһĽɨһۺһƬĴǡ
޻רŸʹкܶ֡аȻЩˣȫϡͿǸĲԭϣ
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һͻȻ𣺡ŭҲ̫ãǺǣҲȥʶһ£λöҵСӢۣжô˲𡣡
Ľ뵽ʲô飬Ȼ̧ͷ㵵ĿԼĸʣǳ鶯£ȴʲôҲû˵ڡ
뵽һ˵ŵˣ


54 ׻Ȩ
˵У½ͷԶڱϵһ硣
ͷԶޣֱ׻ȸ䡣׻ȸϣ
ĺʹ룬ԼԭͥʮССĹңȫλ½Ķ
ˣҲǳΪ½ȻƬ½ػޡ
ҲΪʲô߳Ժ־ôȡ鱩¶ԭΪһ½ϵˣԭ
Ȼ½ϵĶɣ½ҲǳһɣͬȥŭԿ϶ΪһԺ־ȥ½ϵˡ
ɸ߸ϡ½½ʵˡ
ˣҲΪߣΪɵˡѾ̫꣬ûдϢɵĵλȴӲҡ
Ҳ˺ܶɵˣ뿪֮ףӻȨһС
ȥҲȷǻҵӵܣЩгˣҲ൱ءһɳˣʲô飬˴ͨҲǴ»С
ϾеӰ൱µġ
ʵϡɸףľȫûн
ȻǴĹ۵㣡
ǿɣסҲɣǴﲻٹֲΣһҪԺҪָԴģ
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ҲΪʲôԭҪȴѸ˼ɸ˵ϵĸԭһССĲԭɵǰͬһ㡣ѹ
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ĿɿڴĿԼĸʣЩǵһЩ飬ҲǴûġ
ΪСӹĵĴԴӹṩģֿǲһдԴôȻϣǣ㲢ǣӽ߹ȥ˵ЩĵԴȫǴٹ֮ӹġңĵЩٷ֮һڣʲô׻Ȩ𣿡
˵仰ȥ
Уֻʣ½һˣվǣͬһ
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ʱӽİ߳һλ̫࣬һĿŽ˵£½ˣˣȥĵı߷Ӫɡһʿ֮ڣһ꣬Ҳ졭һս
Ǻãûͨٺú롣ʵڲУӹҲԣģȱԴ
̫൭˵ţȻŽ
ҡҡͷ죬ȥ߷Ӫ߸ʣˣҲͨˣҪôĻȨ½
̫οһЦͷϢˡûֹһ㡣
˶־ս˫ȭʲôǻȨˣȨĺôˣʦ˵öԣˣû࿴ҲɣߡԺ󡭡ˣ


55 ɰͷ
īüͷ˵ѵǴǱߵˣ
룬˵ܣƴʵ۶챻ˣľӪôֲ꣬ôֶΣһӲˡƬԭò˶ãͻ»صĲԭСңսԶʤһԭ֮˵ƬԭȻڿȥƺЩƮҡģҪٰǲˣ㻵İƣκˣ¶Ź㡣
īЩȵĿ꣺һŮӼңôЩ⣬ǲҵĲԭԲԭ£˶ִͦŵġ
ŮôͲܶЩˣСң˭һ˫Ư۾ųī
ðɺðɣҴˣҳС㣬ϵ¡īŰۣģǹάһ
ȻһóīûлعĶ߹ڳīһ¡Ȼ糺죬ߣվӳī
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ȿȡţīһڴֻӲͷƤͷΪԤУҪǸ˵ǵĻǰλСߡ
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һ㶼ûЦгᣬŰͷ棬תųīڳīḧţЦҲôʱأôƲ¸뿪أ
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˵䣬ɰͷӿл£վھīʮԶĵطһ˫ӣ꣺Ϸֶɱţţɱһ͹ˣϷ̫ڵ㣬ҵĶ֣
ƾҲɱңϣ¶һĨ߰ı飬ŸɰͷԿ
˵ţͻȻѳī֣һֱɰͷͬʱ䵶նɰͷ
һɫâ˲仮գֱӵ˸ɰͷǰ
īӦͬܿ죬ŭһ߱ٴγУһ߿·Ǹܵ⣬ޱǿҵս⣡
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ϣ
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Źݺĸɰϣ¶һĨЦݡ
ǸҪˣ


56 Ҫ
ɰͷ˵ţв֪ʱһѽɫСֱӸī߱ײһ
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ɰͷǽɫСһֱ߱նϣ
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߱췢һһâзɽС
Ȼ䷢һ춯صļУ磡
תͷȷŭĿŸɰͷҪɱ㣡
˵ţϣȻ䱬һ޷ǿϢжʱۣɲǼƹⷽأȫһƬīɫ֮£
һϢɫ䣡
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Уͬʱһֻ޴ޱȵƣ͸ɫˮģԵȴȼŻ棬нɫâ
Ķֻͬһɽ

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ˮĸԽԽꡣ
ȥī۾ĿƺЩб裬䵽ߣȴлһԡ·һεĶ棬ˮ
ôأôϲ磬ôͷʲôһƾʹˣôңһᣬһ۵Ŀųī
īɫ԰׵ꡣ˿̣ž¾ϡѾʼһѺۡ
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ۣ
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ڳīǰһֱǸʻŮ
ֻȴǳ
磬Ҳģƭ㡣ҡһ磬ҡֻһ߷һñԴ޷ѹԣ꿴һ˵ĳī۵ĵҲ᲻뿪㣬û취磬ӦңǧҪúûȥ
ƭң˵ʲôҲţƭҵ˵īţҪֻ֡ȴȫû취ֻ֣ǳһԪԴԴϵš
Ҫԣûƭ㣬˵ġġҪ˷ҵܵҸ˵ûˡ
¶һ˿ųī˵ȴĿ磬ҵȷûƭ㣬Ҳ߷ҵıˡ᲻ǵ˭˵ûʲô㣬ǲ飡
īʱһҶ˫Уȴǳ˰ˡдޣǸɰͷͷѾˣ
˵ɣšī겼Ѻ۵̧֣ḧţ૵˵ʲôҶš
ŹԡһЦȻ˵һȫͬ磬ҪһˣܰﵽҡԭΪǸ磬Ҿ˼䣬Ҵˣҡȴȥˡ
ī˫ӣ˳ǸԺȹŮ
ʼաǲó˵ѡīҡͷҲţҪҵˣ϶ң
ĲءЩĿųīʵûϵģ룬ҿӦġֻ´μ磬Ͳ֪ʲôʱҪŬϣҪңǧҪңǵҵӡҪңҪңˣ
˵˵ţ壬ʼġһ⣬Ʒȥ
أ
ͻȻըˣȻ䱬һޱǿҵĹââ
еĹֱӶâֱ
磬ǵҵӣҡ𣿡صʡ
ţâ˲ʧ
ƣҲɿɢȥ
տգһ¶ֻȴûӰӡ
īһޱ˻һѪ˳Ŀ֣þȫҪȥץȴʲôûץ
꣡

һ
꣡ƭӣֻƭһ䣬ƭһ𣿡

ҳ
īŭ𣬱о綼ˡ
ţǰһڣ
һӰޱңԶʣͬһɫ⣬գ֮䣬͵˳īǰŻԲѵĳīƲƲ죬һ̾ûϢ
˵ţīקϣ룬ԶƬԭȺɽȥ
īʱ򣬷Լһ΢ЩӲĴϣϸıӡۣЩãȻĿ䣬ֻú죬ⲻļô
׻Ƴǵķ
𣿡ī̲סһ䣬ţ߱УȻһЦΣһУģ˭ҴģѾˡΪ˾ҶһʲôүүԲ𡭡
˵ţī߱Լһᡣ
쵰


57 û
һŭȴīоԼһᣬ߱쾹Ȼ뿪֣һС
ʦīˣ̲סһ
ףԼڼȻʦͻġ
߱ħУƴջһâɻصīС
ףСӡڲԭĵõԵ˰ħһȣµĶųīһᣬȴȫû׷ʵ˼
ī̲ס᣺ʦԲ𡭡ҡ
˵Բˣħһŭ˵޿䣬С𣿻ѧ˼ɱѳ顭ҽ㱾ɱģôô˵ͽܣ
ҡܣʦīʧʹޣΪҲģҶԲ
ޣǵϢħ˵ûأ޸ƨ
ûûīʱֹסˮһ𾪵ĿħȻŭҲƭңʧˣôû
㶮ƨֻһ˲öõȻҪƬصѹܵģ϶ûħųīһŭôôù̳ôһ׳ͽܣôô
ʦ˵ţģƭҵģīħ̬ӶֱӴӴһеĿħʳһ⡣
Ƕ˰ħ̧ͷ죬ȻӲ˵ϡƭôҪʧ֮ǰң㵱ôҵ㣿
ħ˵ţȴ룺벻ǸСȻҵͽܣ˵߰ôҲǶ߻ۣ֪СӲһ㣡Сӱϣ治֪ءǲҡ
磬ǵҵӣң𣿡
仰ȻصڳīԺУħһ㡣
ӣѾҵϣĶ㣬ôī΢΢ۣоͬһʯѹţִĸо
˵ʲôīһڴħ
ųīӣħһۣݺһ٣뵽һЩ£̾Ϣһ˵˵һżҪչ˺㡣
ЩīЩʧĿħ
Ϊʲô˵һ򵥣ܴңѾ൱ףħĿһ۳īʲô
ûҡīЩί
Щ顭ħһ۳ī֪кô
֪īħһҪȥ
ħЦ֪ģ֪Ҫ뿪磿֪Ĵʲô
Ҳ֪һҪҵīħţ˵ֱӸʦȻ֪ʦڵġʦӦáҲ˰ɣȻʦʵôĬĬţ
ħĬţһᣬĮȻ˵Ҳ֪
īЩǿĸħţȴ룺񣬸ҿʦ
䣡
īоؿڵͻȻ䱬һɼǿȻֻһ˲䣬ȴ̲סг

ħ΢΢üһ۳īСʲô
īȴĿЩͣһ󴮵Ϣˡ
δ֪δ֪δ֪жأԳɷΪ
ǰеһУȫδ֪ǶԳɷ֣Ȼʮ־綾֮ﹹɣ
оīû˵
ҪǣĹڽⶾϢ
ⶾҩΪʮ֡
ɷ֮Щ綾֮Уīô˵֣ⶾ֮īȻһû˵
ں棬һϢ磬ûнⶾ֮ҩȻκҩģԣֻҩǿ֮֡ˣôĵͼҩ
ţǴҩƣһĳڳīԺС
Щҩģī˵ġÿһ֣ǳī붼ȥ֡
򵥿ԹΪһ仰ħеɷ֮Ҫ⿪ԣа취ģҪҩ࣬Ⱦһܾ˵֣īԹ㣬ٶ֣
ȻÿһҩҪļ˸еīײǽĳ嶯
˵һΪǲݵҩģȻҪʮ
һʲôƾ׻ƳǵǲȫҲûһ
Ҫҩȫ룬ƲҪеĴչһգ
𿴳īڴռдԪʯЩԪʯֻɰٷ֮һпܣٷ֮һﲻ
óīиоޱȵĿɬǿϣȴ·߽ľ
ͷͲǳīˣ
ʦҷģһҪģĺˣͽһ˵ī¶ģܶѣҲҪ°ɡ
ħĳīü˵ˣȺúϢһ£ϵ˺˴룬Ҫһʱ䣬ʱ䣬һָһӡ
ô̫ˣīϣ¶һ˿ĵЦ⡣
үү϶ڱ߽Ҳʣ¶ЩϱڿʦȻò
ȳȥһ£˵ţħһʧڷ䡣
īſӻ֣Ȼ˿ٵ侲ǿԼҪȥ꣬Ȼѡ
ΪۻǱֻۣҪͻ뵽ž¾޵ôõĳϦദóīѾϰߵָо
ʲô飬ʶ뵽˵顣
ֱֻʣԼһ˵ʱʹı˺ѹֱ޷
ԣīҪǿԼӦûӡ
ʦ˵ûôԼҲ˵һ磡ӣôǿ󡭡ôǸ磬Ӧþɵ˰ɣԣһҪŬҪȥ
İ꣬һģһ֪ϲˣһ
ߣʦңһ죬Լ֪ģ
꣬ҵϱ˭Ҳı䲻ʵ
īﹾţȻһ˫ۣ˫ٴſʱ򡣿ԸоʮУɣ֮ɫ
ɣ
ʱ䣬˶飬һͨ꣬Ҳ죬˵īʴӱ
ʦҪҩģһԼٶ֣پʮ֣ϳҩģȻ۸񲻷ƣȴҵ
ֻôһʱᣬƺѴ룬ֻҪģܻŪģ
ѵģǰʮҩģЩļƷԪҩһ꣬¶׻ƳĵһסլҺܶ࣬мСֶҩģ򲻵ѣȻһ˾Ὣۡ
ϢǣЩҩҪûôÿһֻ֣Ҫʮѡȿȡ
ī鴤ǣԼֻǸҩıԵ٣ʵϡһ궼ûУҪʦⶾһضеԶ鰡
Ŭɳīһеģϣûʲôܹѵ㣡
īֹţȻϵЩԪʯҩأڻ㸻Уٺ١˵ţīľ񣬽Ŀռ䵱Уš㷢һĲҽУ
һΣûħΪˡ
ܿ촫һ󼱴ٵĽŲűֱƿһһĳ﷢ĳīһУСīôˣû°ɣҪŻ壬ʦ˵ˣҪôˣ£
ī۾һգգǾҵĳ鴤ţ۵һڴϣ૵ҵԪʯҵԪʯءģӻз𣿡


58 뾲
ҵүôˣҪԪʯͿڣǼʵмģǹȥ㻹Сû¡ɱŻ塭˳ŨüۣһѪʢһֻ첲ҲսϵһԱͽһδȢѽīԼֶһ
壬û£еʹ뾲ī˵
ˣ˶ʱһĿųīЦǼүڿ𣿹治ףôУϰȥ׷ǽӰʲô
īͷߣǰ˷ܵĶ壬Ѿ˵ˣֱӽָöָߣӸ棬вٵԪϵĲϣнǡƤǮҲ飬㿴˰ɣǽúһޣûʣҲ©갡̫ˣʣµǮ㿴ŰŰɣүүһֱΪЩ۵ϱôЩǮԽܴˡ
ɵɵӹޱ𾪵ĿöָǾҳ鴤ţ˵
˵еĴָ˿ųī񣬾ڿһ
šīһ䣺ˣȿָĶɡ
ī֪嵱ҲͻԪصߣöָȻ
Ȼֻþɨһ£űĿ͵Ŀųī⡭ЩǴģ
ġī˵
㡭ģһۿĳĿƤԼ߹ǡͷʱоһǼѾȥܶ꣬ÿλȻеʮֿ־塣
ǰںءī˵ţȴԳǰԼϲŮӶˣΪ
̫ˣ̫ˣЩֵǣһ֣ԳΪеѹƷ¶˷֮ɫǸһˣȻϲľһʧ
īĿսϵͽҲ㾫ĺӣǵͷţû˵̫е˶壬ڷ֣ȹȥˣ
˭Ǹ㴵ҲŮϲģŮشƨҲ󣬰۰۵ġһѶˮ·ȿȡһ˷ܣͻȻֳīһĿʱٺ١١
īȻоԼ˲٣ļңÿһˣļˡȻûѪԵϵȴû嵱ȻûôɵҪסֻԼģ붺Լˡ
壬ҾðɣҲǮˡᵽǮ֣ī;ԼĺʹԭԸǮġ
˵⣬Ҳýһ˰ɣīŶˣЦ˵ϲشģȥҸ£Ҹˣ۹ûôãǰɣ
Сӣ㶼٩˼ī¶ЦݣʱҲųīЩп˵Сī㳤ˣ
ǰأɳĴۣˡīƲƲ졣
СӶʲôˣЦһ䣬ȻʵЩԪϵĲϣһʾ޴Ƹûʲô뷨
īǰЩ룬ЦЦ˵̫ģûУ壬ܲǮ齨һ֯
΢΢һüң֯ʲô֯Ҫʲô
ī˵ӵһ֪ϣܹ鲼ġܹ鼰½Ȼϣ½Ϸÿһ£ڵһʱ䣬ҵ֪
Ǿ鱨֯ˣ˲ûгЦī쿪ǺʵȻأ
ȻͨʵһЩ顣硭սУܷã磬ҵϣҲܷáīŶˣ壬ҵ뷨ǲеɣ
˼һᣬ˵뷨ɣҪĲ֧ţȻ岻֪㾿ʲô϶֧㣡
٣֪ĻûϡīĵЦ
һʮ꣬Ԫؾߣô޴־ˣϵһۣ֮·⽫УԶ˵ֱĴ
壬ءЦЦ˵ʵÿ궼дľʿΪԭ򣬴Ӿ뿪ԽǾ֣ص֮󣬿ܾԽǹò⡣ΪѾϰ˾е˾һףǲ֪Լʲô
ī۾һԣ
ҪǽЩټ϶γһ൱ɹ۵Щʲôеİᣬ֪ǿ˼ٱ˵ţųī˵Ҫ£Ҫܣһ֪ӵܣȻ顭
īͷǰỳҪ췴
ԣҲʺ£ҿԽЩ壬ھУҲһȺġ˵ţ¶һɰƺֻص˵ս߳Ƶ
УˣѰңֻҪ磬Ȼ󣬰ҰҿãһҸشƨɴƤ۵īһ˵
ȥģ˱īˡ
󣬶˿ųī˵һ¡
īһۣĽ𣿡
ص׻Ƴǣ֣ǳīƲһΪĶӣӲǱһ壬²˵ľǾ׷Źġ
ĳīҲǰ֮ǰǸȻ뿪׻Ƴǵˣ
˵ĽܣľԳֶԸҲ£
СүǲԭϵĴְףĲöʮֶƻֲַһԭŮһս
˭֪˿ųī̲סЦ˵СӣҲ֪ôôã֮ôţʵ۲֪ΪͻȻմŭľڸ׸ְλһְѾʧȥʵȨˣ
ʲôīһ˵ôܣӵʱǿŮдȡҷϵ֮ľȴֱչ׷Ҫɱҵʱ򣬻ϲҲû˵ʲôΪʲôͻȻĹ٣
֪£Ҳر䵹иţ˵ĽܵʱǿǸŮͲʲôͨŮǵҲóһλСһص˵ʱϲûжΪֵ̫󣡵ºôܹ׷Ź
Ǻˣ塣īһĿŶˣҲ˵ǼλڸУͼΡǸСѾͷûаʼմߵôʲôóСֻ˵һ£Īˣľǻϵ׵ܵܣѵԼöʶˣ
ҡҡͷ˵ЩȻҲ뵽ˣŵǴбۡ˵λССͱ͵ɣҲǻһֱԱܣ֪ݡûĽСҲʶҲ֮С
Сͱͽɵˣ޸֮ī̲ס˸ۣˡľʲôŭԹ飬ǵûϷˡ
ɣֻǴŶѡͷ˵һϢ
ǵûī˵
ˣȺúϢһ£ҳȥһˣδЩ̵˵ţֿһ۳īˣүһʦһǸǿߣӰȥ٣Ƣе֡
ʦƢ߸ˣīһ䡣
˵ͷһĵˡ
īȻٺЦĽܡڸ׸ˣǲǻô鷳أСүܲϣܹ㣬ң
˵ţīһ۵ı飬ĹҵԪʯüԪʯȻȫˣѵֻΪʦһ𣿳еĶʲôûδ֪ģһΪҺܸû뵽˲⵰


59 ʮ
СڡСڡ㾹ȻһѵͲ̫ħ鷳𣿳ϽҴү
ڳīԼԪʯȫû֮ʣԶԶģһСеֻ֪ĻΪѰġīϣȴ¶һĵЦݡ
վ֣ƿ߳ȥұѵĹͷȻѾӺãڻûȫָҪһʱ䡣
ٸҴСеģҾͰ͵ī
û˵꣬ʹһʹСڣôûˣôˣ㻹ϵó˵㲻޳𣿡
īЦǺðǲ˵ʱǼ£˵һģ˵ȥ죬ȥҹ˼СŮȻ󱻹鷢֣׷ҪȢŮǼºˡ
˵ܲеģרŽ˼˰̺𣿡һ𣬽ţһӰ߽һԹĿųīҴүĺ㣬ôӭֵܵģ
˭ҵģīЦţۣ߹һ¡
ұôˣˣüųī´˼ۣСڣô֮ǰе㲻һˣ
ĶһīЦеĿǰԼ΢ôһĿ꣺ȱ첲ȵģ
ԣԣ仯ܴ󣡡üͷشţȣǰҰ٣ڡȻȥһˣ
һ㡣ī˵
һߣʮЩˣһ
ðɡī˸ۣøһʶ
ߣڻˣҲͲõˣֵܸӷȥųīߡ
ЩϱҲӶһĻͼ߲ˡ
Сһ˴СеšΪǵ֣ϳīһеǾ͸ȻҲʾīӵ˵īҲǺڵģ㻹гСں
ǣ֣ˡôǵģ׻ƳǣҲûˣ
汳൱ǿ󣬼ֱһ͵Ĺٻ¼ͥһǸ߹٣
үүΪڸθһľڸ׸֮Ҳ֪үû˳λܵģΪҵүӣҲʮ꣬ڴĵĳ֮ϣϵ׳һ֡һֱܻϵΡ
ĸɽڴϷҪһǵγһǣϣȴ൱һݣ
ĵ򻮷֣Ϊݡءһݵ٣ΪڴģѾķ⽮ˡ
ĸףҲʮͷ͵λáܶ˶˵ٹ꣬пָܳͬڸĳ棡˵ľҡ
үүףһȺ岮ùҲȫ˲ãȫǹٳˣҴҪְ
ˣұܶ˳ΪǴĵһټң
֮󣬿֪
һĲֳʵҲѾ˴ĸ㼶ĹٳżеĴƣʼϵĥ´ƴ
ΪСײߣүүСӵԵʣС޷ӡһĹٻӵܣǱ˳軵ʵͦµһ顣
һаŮӵʲôģֱСˣøӡ
ȴûгΪӵܣ෴ѧϣѵһšѧʶԨССͣͽĴӹ񼸺ʥ͵ĵ伮һĿ˸顣
֮󣬻˵Լļ⣡
˵һţֳּ壬պǰ;϶ŵ˵ȥμӿƿһ״Ԫȵģ
ֻЩĻֱһ֮ǣ
Ŵ壬һӸ߹٣㣬ѧʶԨӢ¾ǻϣаŮ޸ĳ嶯
˵֪㣬ҲĶĳ޸˼
˵Щ¼֮󣬻ĵϨԼͷҺңû¡
ΪСһ̫ˣ
ʲô͵ԼŮϴ裬͵͵¥ȾƣֱӰһꡭ׻Ƴ¥ˣΪ¼ֱ಻ʤ
ǵǼ£ڵʱֵ÷з
Ҫߣ˭ϰ嶼⡣Ǹ¥ˣ
ĸɽΪ£صشϷϻݺݳһ١
ĽǡȻûܸı
Ǹˣ˵ľĹļƷŮڸ֮ûзʲôǾͲö֪ˡ
Щʵֻһıɽһǣʲô󳼼ҵŮʲô޼ִ̼ҵֻ̫̫Ҫ룬ͼûвɹġ
ͬĶԳī˵ͬ꣬㻹һ£ȴǻʥ֣㡭Ƕ䶼ûǿ
һ˵ĻģƫƫŮˣĻСģȫĸԸĸһ󳼵£ƶܶһӡһȴȻңڣء
һһĺôǴӲǿӵľǿˣĻ˵ǣǿ޲磡ľֲϧˣ
׻ƳǣȻһ仰ʮһʮ˳ʮӡ
˵ֻ㱾£Ǿִˡ׻Ƴǣ¥Ļϰ壡
֪ģ¥ϵĴϰ֮⣬ֻһˣ
Ǿǳī
Ϊϸ˵ݲҵгīһݣ
¥ԭҲЦԷǣΪҾ¥Ĳʵ̫ѳԣԼĵһҲû˵˭֪̫ˣˡһС׻Ƴǵһ
ҲҸ˵ˣȻȥ϶ۺ˵
Ҷ⣬٣֪ôһ㣬ҲȥҲ벻ڵô
ųī׻Ƴľ¥¥
Ҿ¥ĲҵҲʮ꣬ĵһҾ¥
¥֣ȴǳīġȻ֪ʶԨóЩӰټҵѧʣԼһЩʫ֪֮ʶ
ӰټҵѧʣӦ˵ģʫЩƭġ
ѧⷽ棬ȴǲīġ
ʱҳīҪæ֣ī˵ĳԿͶһ㣬ʲôҳԣͽ¥ˡ
īֻôһ˵˭֪Ȼ͵棬ֱ֡¥Ӫҵʱ򣬲֪Ц֡¥ԽԽ֮˶¥һλöá
Сڸ磬¥һ룬Щ棬Ҷ˱ˡ꿪ֵ껨˲٣һݣкܶࡣվھ¥ſڣһĶԳī˵ֵܹ˼
Ϲ֣ԼĵģҰæû㣬֪ҵõֵܣҪˣīһĿЩ˵
㻹ôȤղŰ׿ˣôô飿¥ֲģܶྭӪʹⲻģһЩϵĹõģŰۣ˵ûǮ֪֪Щӣκһ޼ִ˵޼֮Ҫܵõһָ㣬ҵܹһ˵ֵǮ
һֱãֻһ룬̰ˡû뵽Ȼһ㶼ҪСڣҪֵܵĻ͸ҽţȻԺֵûŭ
īƲƲ죺вңø˵鲻ãС㣡
Ԫǰɣԣ˵ҴүѾǰǰҴүˣߣ첲ӣ˵۸һֻʣһֻ첲Сзϡ

飡


60 һ
īȴǸԶ򲻹ĳī磡
ƻûںãֱӱīһƵ棬һƨϣֱ߷ɡ
ݺݵˤһգһŭҪҳīƴСڣôº֡͵ϮҸƴˣ
ʱ¥ſҲѾΧһȦֵģϳλݵģǳīܶȫһ𾪵Ŀ
û뵽֮ǰľһ̫߳ĳīȻˣ
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˸ۣǿһ֪ʣ
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ƲƲ죬ȴ˵ϻȻֵܣ
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īЦҡҡͷҲǺܶ˵Ǳ׷ɡ
˵˵Ǽ°ɣ㿼ǵôˣųīĽ£롭Ӧͨˡ
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ƨҪ֪᲻¼ɣ˸ۣ׸ӺһλȨءھкܴȨĽӣһһ֯ǻʵۣ㲻£
ǾͲ֪īҲĳ־ģһ
΢΢鴤˼£Ҫ˵ȥ˵ҿɲңҪȥ˵ð˺Ƭ
˲뵽ԺյĹүȥ˴вӢ֮⣬ƺҲûʲô⡣
ʵϣ˵һ𣬻׻Ƴǡе


61 һ
ܿ죬һԶһܴ̣ٴιµСˣϡóһºõľƣм䣬˵λүãҪæ
¡ɿ˵
ţһɭһ˵Ϸң
һһ۸ղű˳ַڴ̨ϵǼǰĴǳ鴤˵СҪ˵
Ŷһ￴һ۳īͨˣӦΪŮˣ
īͷߣεĵ뵽ȥˣ
һһʵı飺˵㣬ҪҪˡҲңҲһΪʲôһֱֻҪСڣʲôֱû
һɨһȻڳī߿£һ漴ƮīɫŲŲ
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̣ƺԼһһںˣȻ˵㿴ˣǲϲҡٷĴ˧粻ҪƫҪҳСôѿģİ
һｿЦһȥͷתīһ˫Ŀڳīϣǲ
īҡҡͷ㣬㱾ݸ߹ɴˣֺοԼҾ˵㡭ʷᣬҲûҪ㱨ʲôô꣬ǵģʵѾˣûĻ¥Ҳûн죻û㣬ʱҲӲ׻ƳǣϾʱڣүүҲûڣֻ㡣
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һ￴ųīȻһЦϲһӡ
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һԸոճһڲˣֱȥŭһ㿴ˣһԼ˵ţְĿתīСڣҴү㿴ˣʲôǶҲûĿ棿ôǸ֣һܹƯ
īһ˵¡
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ܲǼ𣿡īһΡ
Уү˵㣡һƺܿģһЦݣ˵ɣʲô
롭¡ī˵ϾҸݡʺͷ¶棬顣
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ʱǸ˵ģǱˣǴĹڸ׸˻֮⣬ȨƵǸˡľ


62 Щ
˵£ƺҲûʲôˣ˹¥Ƿŵ顣
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64 ȸں
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īҲôɵģ
Ѿ嵽ռ԰м䣬ȻһȺʨϻޣīһŰ߿ЦǱǴɽвԭϵߣèһȥɣ

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66 µ
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67 Ǹҩ
ī˵⣬ЦеıͣΪ֣ľ۾Լ˵仰ʱȻˣ
ȻһĨâһţ̶صĺܺáīȴ֪Ӯˡ
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ȻȨ㳯ҰȻΪȻ㸻ɵйеٻ
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ҲãҲãעﴫУԭϵķףȫͬԭϿԳŮڴĻǴ룬ȴδйҲܻС
ԣŸ޼ɵĴΪīţľĽǸ׳աǶȺӸλ˵ⶫЩʱʵǿп޵ġ
ڣ̸̸𣿡īƽ˵ϣҲɢƮݳʡ
ľȻʹޱȣҲòϣ޵Ǹƥ򣬵һӣ
ҵĶӡǸöãľ̲סһ̾Ϣ
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ƾԼ⼸ٻǶ֡
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￴ƽ͵˵ˣڸոգһɱֵüɹʧЩī˵÷Ƶʵϣһʾ޴֣
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68 
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⣬Ĳܽô˵īµĶԹϸīļͷԥ
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ľͷߣŭЩҥ
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ָܻ˭ôľɫڣҧгݵ˵Ҳ˵Щҥˡ
ˣ֪ȻѾڸ׸ˣеȻǿ󣬹ؼʱ̣Ҫʱðҡī˵
ľȻһĨ⣬һصĿųī꣬ʲô
ᣬİɣҲȥ췴ġһûôɵءī˵
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69 һ
ڳ˵Уʶ״˺ʵӣʲôԸķ䰡
ٺ١Ҹһϰģ˵ֵܳīƽţǿˡһ˵
һһ糺죬߲ѣȻɴ棬Ȼܸоϸоɬ
£˵˵עʲôʻˣҲһд󳼵ĶӣͲ󣬸ʶϵпɡĻ̲סЦ
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һĵע˵ĻҪֵһڣҡŶ
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ΧȺ˶ʱһЦڵеӵܣڣкá
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70 һ
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һĿɿڴȻһ۵Ŀųīү֪ʱ䣬϶ûٳԿ࣬ȴû뵽㾹Ȼô顣
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һľ磬־Ų㣬һֻУļԪأ弶Ϊǧնݺ䣬߼֪ɽѣ˼֤ļأż·֪죡
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һ￴ųīЩĵô˵ý޵𣿡
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īʦʱΪʲôô˵ˣԭ⣬Ͳ磡
ѹٶȻô졣īаȻһʵǽʦţǳʲôʣ
Ʈ칬ҲԻ͹ֻϧ֮Ʈ칬û˴һ֮ڻãڡʱˣȥƮ칬һЩϱͻȥɺˣʽ΢
һϣ¶ɬı飺ƫƫƮ칬УдĶķЩ̫˵졭
īһ֪˵ʲôοֻܰš
Ʈ칬ʮ˻ɽͬŵЩȫȥӭսûһߵġһ졭ɱ죡
ʦʮʦټһ˵زסˡǿսƮ칬ѪܶϾǣЩʦ桢̫ʦ漶ϱϵĴָǣʮʦãһһöƮ칬еķ͹ֳʮݡ
ңʦ棬ͽһֱ͵½ЩʦãҲȫͳȥ
ʦʱʮã˭ҪŸ𣬳гһĴﵽ쾳硣ʦֿ֪ԣ΢΢ǲܵġлᣬƮ칬Щķ͹ȥҪƮ칬ĴжϾҾƮ칬Ĺˡ
һˮ̲סܣôˣ¶˵ķ͹Ϊȸ½ˣһֱѰҺȺʦõ䣬ȸ½Ҳǣһ½Ѱҡʵ̫ˣһֱҡ
ī۵һοİɽ㣬ԺһԽԽõģһ˵ģ˵ģ
ţ㿴̫ˣһ̧ͷųīǵҿ͸ǿ̣㶼֪ж࿪ģԼͻƶģ
ˣ㵱׷ɱô£ЩҲȸ½ģīʵ
ǣұ͵½һƬãȻ֪ȥδӣгӶϡǵʵ΢ôһ㣬Ҳûܶࡣһ˲ǵĶ֣ɱ֮󣬾һ·ֱһ˵ԣǵĶ飬ҪⱲ


71 쿪
īһҡͷ˵㿴ôֳˣ
һһǸĳųīЦЦãԺ¡ո˵ʦеϵⱻԶˡ
īЦûԶ֪˽Щ١֪ˣڻкܳ·Ҫߣ
ī̾һ¶֮ɫʦо綾ҪⶾҪҩģ̫Ӵ֪һᱻŵԣҪһǿǣ顣
ԭĺˣ飬ҵ顣һųī˫ڰ׷ӣ˵
飬Ҳҵ飬гһգ̤죬ȥȸ½ѽЩңȫɨһ飡īЦ
һȥԼ۽ǵˮһЦţ϶ܹҲһῴһ죡
ǣ˭ī˵ţȻһʹΪԭĿͷ
һЦ绨ġСˣ
īǹʹһ뵽˾ˣΪʲôҪһС֣ѾʮСˣ
һ￴ųī˵Ҫľëκã
īЦЦܹԹĻκҲûʲô
һ˵Щ꣬Щ飬ֱ๼β̫ˡ˵ЩҲû˭Ǹɾģ
īͷǰ˵βʵģõҩģҲʲôˡ
ôһһһ۳īԼЩ˱ȣУõˣ
īҵǾãԼͨˣģҲ˽ģе㲻ƶֻ
ϣ˭˵Լû˽ģһ￴ųīǽ㲻ã㲻ģֻǾеǸ
£ʵҲҪԼī˵ҼȻܰβȻҲҪ
һһЦӦ˵ףǵĳīԿƭֻҪīû£飬һҲȥܡ
ī˵ģЩʱ򣬴Ҷǲƶֻϣ˭û˽أ
󣬳īһˣص
ûм壬ȥæԪ޲ϵȥˡ
īص֮󣬿ʼ췢Щ飬ܽʧɰܡ
ǳīɵһϰߡΪֻԼõáĽ
֮ǰ֪һֲĴ򣬵ȴû뵽˾Ȼôǿһ˵Ӧôﵽ۷塭һƾңīжٸеЩ¡
Ժʲô飬ӦĸȫһЩ˵㵽һ򣬻ȥ£ҪʲôֶΣֹλ֣
ī۾ֹҩ
ľôһֱǿţΪҪκԼĲ
ôһʵѾﵽ˻Ƽ۷壬ݺĽʯ֮ǿߣΪʲôҪһУΪԴ
ĳīѾǰǰǱ׻ƳǸˣô֮󣬳īԶߵЩͬˣԴҪԡ
ԽǸ߼ߣԴԽһ˵֡ǱҪÿ첻ôʱȥѰЩԴ
ԣһõѡ
ҽô֣ûг֣˵˸ľ֮ԼӦֻľһˣīۣзȻĻľֻҪ֣ܻ죿
һī˸Ĺâ૵Ҳ˵ּǿߣֻҪ֪ҪʲôһΪã
ͨЩ֮󣬳īģڰʼһ
ƼĲ㣬ֻôһ㣬ճīĹƣٹʮ죬ǰӦþͿͻƵĲˣ
ȻԪزΣƼĲ㣬ȴǴڣ뵽ڡ뵽һȫµۺ϶һء
үү֪ðʱ䣬ͻƵĲ㣬᲻ᾪȵţ
īţ⡣
ҹɫˮ׻ƳУԪʼŽߣĻ۹
һʱ䣬ʹ˧ͬʱмˣ˫ۣ϶¶֮ɫ
׻Ƴǡʲôʱһ־ǿߣͬˣͬʱͷ
ΪԪٶ̫ڿֱֲӽ׻ƳһֱֵƽƣǼˣȫڵһʱӦȴû취֪˭ǻû־磡
ī֪һȻֱӾ׻ƳǿЩ
˿̵Ѿ뵽붨С˾˯һԪ˳ȫӿ롣īĵУԪĻۣҲڲϵࡢʵ
һḶ́ǾţҲһҪڷܡ
ڶһ磬ī붨ˬԼʵЩ
ԪĻۣﵽһ̶֮󣬾ͻᷢ졣һˮƺʲôɣˮںһ𣬾ͿԳ彭̣Գɽκ赲һ·ƣħڳīķϣŸոſۣϴżϲõĳīֱ죬ǳ֮Ϊͻƣ
ʦˣī¶ĵЦݡ
ǣֻ飬³çħ˵棬һʵ㹻ѹ˴ڡ
֪飿īĿЩ͵Ŀħ
ħһ۳īû׻Ƴǣʶȴһֱϡ
˵ʲô㶼֪īɴ۾ħ
֪ħ˵Ժʶˡһʶϣʲô⣬ʱҸоˣͬʱҲоһʶڹ۲㡣
ʶˣīʵ
Уħͷ
ʦ𣿡īħг棬Լʦʲô磿
ƾ±Ӱɣħ˵

īһǾͺãͬʱаʦһιȥе㲻̫һˣƺûôˣīħϦദôãħǺ˽ġħϷı仯īܵ÷ǳ
ʦ
š
塭ʱްˣ
֮ڣް
ôģ
ʲô
īħ˵Ѱҽҩ
ħҡҡͷˣϲеģ
֪ҩҩģīʵ
ûСħҡҡͷ˵
ʱ䲻߰ɣīʵ
һͣһʱ䡣ħ˵
Ǿͺãī˿Ȼħ˵ʦϵҩģҩҩԣ֮ͨɷ֮ҩģûУҲ϶иҩͨģ
ħԳīⷬͬȴ¶ЦΪҲҵôܰѼʮҩһŵֶĪ˵㣬ĶʦҲԣ쿪ˣʵʵİɡ
īѵˣȴܿģĵʦȻܣܰȵһŽⶾҩ֪ʲô飿
һ뵽Ǹī;úܿġ


72 ԪѪԡ
ħʼīһЩеĳʶħ۽磬ҪԶڳī硣
ī֣ħУܶĽʽȻҪ굱ԼЩҪ߼
īжħĹǳ棬ȴʱʡȻһٴ򡭡϶ⲻ˵ġ
һʱ֮ħȡһͰм䡣һŨŨѪʱͬʱŵģһʮֲֿѹ
ѹȻóīִĸоһͰѪī鴤ǣħʦǣ
ϴ裡ħԼࡣ
ϴ衭īͷߣǳ鴤ţһԸ⡣
ϾҪ뵽Ǿˣʣ̫弶ңҪʲôʱҪܴﵽżʣǲǿϸ񡣡ħޱ˵
żʣīһ䣬ȴһߴɵȿȣӢǸһǾż
ȥħԸ
īҲҷкܲԸȴҲʦΪá
ǿֲʣīѵþʣһ׿ֱ֮ȥ漴ͷ໵һץסͰؾҪ
ħһѰסԴī˸˻ȥ
īؽеˡѪôộⲻѪǵĵҽɣ˻ҸоԼȫ¶Ҫڻˡʦҳȥһ£
ħΪҲһֻ֣ųīԴƴҲܴͰȥ
ˡѾˡīƤֹš
ôĥ㣬ҲûһǷˣħʵ
ǻֲʦǸ󻵵Ի˵ĥȻҪҧͦסܸүүīŰ۵ʦ׽ˣܵȻҪУ
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īоԼȫ£ƺѪҺѾȫںһʲôġѾȫܲˣΨ˼άת֮䣬Լš
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߽Ԫ޵ѪҺĿǰʣøߵԪѪҺҲ޷ܡħ
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ħЦʲôأʱ䣬Ӧ߼ȻҲǿˡĲϣҲֻﵽ̶ֳˡ
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ͦһΣ֮ľͻúܶࡣħ˵
ǣҾáҾͺͦȥīԴ˵
һԵı仯ǣ֮ЩѪҺеѹƺʧˡǴ̱ǵѪȣīû˱ĸо
͵һǵĥǸ˰ɡħĵڣÿ£ҪΡ
ݣīʱϣģ¶֮ɫ漴㷴Ӧ˵󣬹ȻǸݾͬʱıİ
ոһζ֪Ҫ֮󣬸еʦ˵һֻҪΡīȻúҸ
ݡֱӸõħ˵˵浱ЩԪģ
ٺ٣ʦˣīһƨĹȥ
ոջҧгݵءħЦ
ʦ
ţ
ʵĵȼô£
ؼԭѧʽǿЩڵսĸı䣬Ǽ޵ġһﵽһȫµĸ߶֮ԭе壬޷ЩǿԣҪߵľ磬һҪͬʱԼʡ
ԭī˼
ħһ۳ī˵ʣһżٵ죡ʡֻڴ˵еˣ٣һû˵żʵˣҵǼһЩƾͿӵǿս
ī뵽ӢжʱʮͬħĻǸˣûκΪûκξ磬ƾһȭȥ¶ʵ˸еֲ
ǡʦǸ磬żҲǺ𣿡ī֪ʣԼı׼ͨõġ
ֻԼưԣ˸ߵȴĻ̫ˡ
ĸ磬һħ˵Ϊľ磬ԽԽߣʡȴֻдһţٵ죡˵弶ʣ磬Ҳ㶥ˣá
īУʱж⻹һδʦ֡
ʱľͰеѪҺȻȵĻһ㣬ȼ塣ζʵ֮ǰħĥҪܵö࣡
ԳīԼעɢŻһ㣬˵ףվǸǿˡʦĿģҲִ½ϣûܵ
ǵģܡ
ʦܸ˵˵𣿱硭ڵǸ磿Ժ󡭡Ҫȥģȸ˵˵綼ʲôģīʵ
ҲġħһΣûپܾش⣬˰ӣڳī棬˵ɽ磡
ī±Ͱ߽Ԫ޵ѪҺĥҪҪڻһħ仰Ȼ̲סɴ۾ſöܷŽһħɡɽ磿
ħһ۳īˣ仰û
ȻīԾĿħʦ˼˵֮ϣɽ磿ǡɽ֮ϡ𣿡
ħ̧ͷڻʲôȻ̾һ硣
īһ𺳵ı飬ϴЩʹࡣζû뵽ԼʦȻһ绹Ҫ߼硣
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ħһ۳ī˵СӣЩ飬ޱȵңԶһֱԸ˵Ҫʲôܵڵ磬½֮Ϊ˽磬Ҳз硣
졭ôͻȻЩ飿īʵ
лҪǿһЩ֪ˣҲûʲôˡħ˵
ٺ٣ǣҺܼǿģҪϱȥģīۣ΢ЦȻⷲ磬Σһɽʦõķԣûʲôµģ
ħųīԥһ£о仰û˵ڡ
ʵ߳īǸС޸һˣͲܣ⣬ΪǱߵı壬ֻܵõȱһϢ廹ܵشʮа˾ţ᲻ǵ˭
ħ仰һ˵ڣСӡ϶ᱻ
ټǿҲִ
ԣгһգԼȥֺˡ
л磬ҲδлǸŮôСʱˡҲ͵˰ɣ
ħ뵽


73 ԭ
īԪѪԡʱֱоԼ궼һڻ˵ʱħڽľͰ
ǳīԼǴʱѾһָˡ
īоԼƺѾȫʧˣħԪѪҺȻûһо
ţħȡһľͰͬƮŸҩģһŨŨҩζ˳ľͰƮ
īӽľͰУ˵һʱͿˡ˵ţһͬװԪѪҺľͰһͬʧˡ

ϰ죬īһܹܵ廹ڡֹ˰ʱīоһģʼصԼС
һԼЩݵ壬ꡭÿΣһʮΣһʮΣڡʣʮһˣ١治
˵ţľͰԼһϴ֮󣬻øɾˬĳˡ
˵īûоԼ徭һԪѪԡ֮󣬾ͷ˶ı仯
ķÿһζһЩּ֮ȫͬĸоҪܶࡣ
壬һڵĹ̰ɣīϾҪأܴﵽ߼˼ҸӢһǾżûȰ
ī֮󣬲ûֱǰǳ
飬һЩβû꣬ټȻѾӦͣôܸݷһµġ
īࡣȨƵ˾סĵطԳī˵ȴѾ·û˿İη塣
ſڵȫ΢ЦīԼֵܵļң
īȥûô󣬵ҲС˰ŵ԰
ףīСڿ𣿡һԴֲϵϷȻһԴ
һȥֻʮ꣬úһߣһԵĻ԰߳
ߴͨĻҲ·ϻһѺܴļӣͷϻһ㺹顣֪ģΪǸ԰
үүڼңīϽΪе԰үӣǵ׸ˣ
Сӣװһ¶𣿿⾪ȵı飬˼ҵģװһ壬ųī˵
ٺ٣үүôæµĸܼ˵ֲϣʵءīٺЦ
Сӻ˵ӣҪһͷҲˡеļӵݸԵˣϵųī˵ߣүү̸һ֣
ãīɴĴӦһȥ
һĻǱ˿һᾪ°͡˭ǿӲڸȻƽ׽˵һ档Ҷ󡭡ȻǸʮꡣ
µˣһĻƺѾϰΪΪ⡣
ī鷿
үϴϴ֣Ȼȡһ޲裬Ӹīˣݰɣ
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īȴ΢΢һһ˵ǰȻЦ˵үүŶӹǺأ궼⡣
ҡҡͷԼ壬Լ֪
󣬳ḭ̄ںãֱһöӣȻȣ
ЩĿһ۳īСӣȥ壬˼ô
żҲҪġīһЦϡ
Ϊȡ٣£˵ţһöӣҲϣ˵ľҵĴŸˣ
ī룬µڶöӣǰŴҪҵҴǵ˵һЩԿء
Сӡ̲סЦҡҡͷҲµڶöӣ˼ȻҪڲǻģһƴĵǹݰȻˣѪг徢ǣҲʹˣһ㶯ûСǡ󽭺ǰ˰
һ˵Żһ߲ϵӡ
֪ʲôʱģվһԿšһѵĺܣڼүǰǸԱ
ֶΣǺ£¼㡭Ҳ˴š硭ôȽˣüͷšһ֣һı飺µ塭Ǿġ㲻ˣһƯСһ಻г
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һԱȥǿЦ⡣˭뵽ڸ׸ȨµĴȻˣ
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˵˵ʲôϽһ䡣ʱĶӡ
鷿ʣһһСԶ
үˣҵ֣ڷīոҲֻʰ˼ӣһŵˡ
Щȱ֣૵ѹ磬˾޴ת䡣Ϊȣ˵Ѫͳ嶯ȴΪӪв֣ìܵԸʵȴǾ߱Ĵ󽫷ȣһֱ¶Ŀʱ򣬽ѶԭԭǷˣģʹ죬ʹ죡


74 Ӣ
Խ˵Խ˷ܣ֮ǰǶڲ²⣬ʲôˣаǴһæ»˵Ҫ֪˭һ䷢һöӢѫ£Ϸţīīа㣡Ӣѫ£ӽ죬ǧʷһŷȥһö
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īо仰û˵֪ˣȻὫ֣һΪ˱һ棬ԭҪˣ
СһҲ̫СǴĹ鱨˰ɣЦֻϺۣ꣬һĿųīҲС𾪵ô
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ΪĶְ֪ˣ᲻֪
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ǵһΡ
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ĵ鱨ôǿҴĻī΢΢鴤ţӦҲûʲô°ɣ
ЩֵĿһ۳ī׷ˣ˭׷㣿ųܻ΢е鷳˵ز󡣡
ڸ׸ųī棬ֱ˵һ⽮زҲǽīԼˡ
Լˡǳô򵥣
ͬĻǰ˵
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˵ţԼЦҲǣؼһûһ˼żҹĥƨģųȷ㡣һЩ飬ȴʲôˡĽϽһӡ
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ҪǰŮϵ˼ϣҲǿˡݺݵһ
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īЦǱߣŻûŪʲô顣
Ҵү׵ģһ۳ī¡Һˣֵ֤ܸж£ľ˵֮һ˿Ѻۣջ񣡡
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75 ľ
˭лڸ׸һƱյīȻС췹ΣλһȾƣȴǵһΣ
Գ֮󣬽΢ľ⣬īҲܳ졣
ſڣī΢΢һһҹ֮䣬ĴţȻָԭ
ׯϣΡ룡£ɣ
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īգգ۾ĵǴȨƵˣǲһҵϡãȻָܻԭҵѽ
ϧûһˡīֹţһ죬Ҵϳ죬һҪɽҸϡãٰǵط׻ˣؽߣ
ſѾλϵóīġǴҹ޸Ĵţʱһ¡
ͨǻƼ㾳ȥһ߷ˡ
ǰλүһٸӣûǸ
ӡǼүּǳӵˣֱͨǡһīǰһ˵
īһȻָɫĴţŲô֮Ҫһһ
ȿȡ˵Цˣʹ򿪣Ϳ˵
ʵûеõү⣬ţܹ׿ô
ǰλүĹǸ˼ǰѴŲ֮ȥģҲĳˣ֪Ҫǲ᲻һţ
ŵľϣɲʲôѰľģϡĺܣҲûôడ
ԣͷү֪ˣ϶Ҳʲô˵άһ
ֱӽſӭһѳīӭ˽ȥ
ȻһīһǱرĴš
һĻȻһЩ˿ʱĿࡣ
ţһĳīӭӽȥ
ôˣ
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⻰Ҳֻ룬˵ڵġ
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ãˡľʮ̹Ȼĳ˴Ȼ˵ţ
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ľҲòϣī֣Ѿѹų鷨ҵˡ
ȻȫľǾҳ鴤ԭ
ֽϵּǳСȻɼһֽϣдʮҩģ
ģӵĲõôҩΣ
ľŭţȻߵǰһīҪ˵ֻֽһۣʱ
һβǳ鴤˶ˡ
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ǲݡʮӡȷûдʮ˺þãľ̲סʳһ䡣
īûԹ˵ǲϵдţ¿
βݡʮ١ѩΡľȥˣԼٶȥһ̲ס裬᲻ϧһд󹩷С˵˺Ƭ
òҽЩҩģľ˵
βݣǻѪģ۸Ҳ󣬸ҩ̶ۣǲݣǷֹ˿õģ۸Ȼˣľ˵ҲȫСһٱٺѩΣǲõģ۸ȻȽϰ󣬵ľ˵۸Ͳ⡣
һУиǰᣬǾǣһҪﰡľ𣬿Ĵȥ
ųīͷܱʼ飬ľڱˣŭīҲ̫۸˰ɣĪǲġ㿪ҩ̡Ҳòôҩİ
ī̧ͷ俴һľβΣ


76 ʵ
㡭ľҧгݣŭųī
īһ̹Ȼƽĸľӡ
ȷⲻǲḷ̌Ŀ챻ˣҪлдôһǣ벻һеİС˵Ū
ҽҽīһӣһ졣
ڵһվŭľ㶮ƨ֮ϣֻŪȨ֮ͥУֻר᣻о֮䣬ֻǿӲЩ㻹ʲô
īߵľǰһѴֽŰŰֱӽֽ¨Уŭ㵱СүβԼظһ䣬ôЩɥĵ飬ٴΣ
īŭľһۣСүǲ㣬ίȫҪζԹᣬרŰҩĵطԼĸϣҪǲңţһûдָƾհҩıûȻǲ㣿ģСү̺㣬ˣĴ󹩷ɱСү
ī䣬ľȥȥ֪ĸϣһǿߣû»ʶɨһۡ
ľ˶̲סɵһ㣬ȫû뵽ʮСƨȻеӵѵ
Ѿѵˣֱƿڴ
ľСΪӣһӵȻʡĸףû˺ǳ
ľʮļУûйֳ档
ˡ˸һô
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Ȼߵֽ¨ǰЩµĽűīŵֽȡ֣һѶͷ޽ǴǺˮ
һú䤱
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ҡľʱһΣΪʵ˵ʹϡ
Щ꣬ΪκⲡȥǮѾһ֣һֱ죬Ҳûյ°Ч
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ҪľͻȻȥǻ̵ĸһǼдҩĵֽסӡү˻𣿱ⲻǡⲻǲ𣿴ûһֲҪôҩĵġҲǡҲһʱļǧǸ
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һֺĿ⿴ԼľīаȨơУȷ̫飬ȻбȨƸҪĶ
Ǿǡƿ˵ˣ
⣬ȴҪʵġʵսۺϵ
īҲΪʲôϣҽʦء
ܹʱ޸֮Ҳû˸Ҷһë
⡭Ҳʵһ֣
һȻľīЩͷĵ㻹ȥ׼ȥɡû¶ˣ˰Ÿҹغá
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һлľӯоȻһ˿жꡭʵҲûôӡ
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ľһ漴Ц£ԭһа취ȥԲҪˣǾȥɣ֤ٲ֡
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ΪīѾǰҪˣľ֣ųͷ϶֮ĹϵȻѺۡīľһ㡣
ľ̾һκⲡӴԺֻɢүΣ


77 ֵ
ô꣬Ҳˡľ̾Ϣһ¶ƣ֮ɫ
˵ٿܲţҾãбҪԼһ£ڹںҪΪ˭ȥľһ۳ī˵ǸҪɱĹ֣ȷˣҺӵˡȴǱȥģ
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ʱľûɡҲûǸƭī
Ľܣīۣľ
ûǸȨľĿʹ˵Ǹ֣ĵλͣĽܸûеʸ񡣡
ǷţЩɱ֣īľ
ЩҸɵġľһ̹Ȼ˵ɱĸ購ӵ飬
ô˵ԷҪһˣīȻãЩ
ľζĿһ۳ī˴ǳűģǱ޹ǣġ
ǣīָָ죬ľ˵ͷ
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Щ飬ֻܾͱԹˡ٣ɱҲûбȻ󹩳Ѿ㲻ˡۿĺһۣ˵λ塭ɲǷ֮һΣȻûκ֤ݣʮа˾šµġ
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˰ɣλ壬ɱ˵㿴˳ۣվǸʵ׵ܵܣֹ֮ϵֻҪλһ죬ûܶ˵ţ̾ϢһϧһôõĻᣬȴīǸС˾֣ȻĻĽǸλ塭Ҳʧ裡
ҪƳīһ£Ȼֱ㿪ˣСеаţ΢Զһ㣬ҲǸܴء˵
СĺʱһмЦƾǸСʮСƨѣܶƨǼ»û꣬ܵȥһܸɳ£ϧ֣ȥ
ƨӱ˵ëøĸˡһֱɫ̫ӢͻȻ˵һ䣺СӡܻܿΪһУ


78 ӿ
磬̫С˰ɣĺһȵĿӢƲǰƿĽǸ׳յʱǵļƻˡҵʱûɱȴá˵һСƨˣֲǹǼƻġô˸߿
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ôһ˵һԵ۶̲סһѵ˵ꡭһ˲õĴɣ
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ԬһʼǲŵģЩмʲôЦҪλȵ죿һʮСƨѣ
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ԬЩ̱ϣԹ֮ɫﹾˡˣɣɣӲˡһҵģ

ڶһ磬īȵ߳Ժɸɾ飬ͬһΣûһ˿ۼ
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ԼһĹľϣ¶һ˿ȣȻ󡭡˶˷ڵһվڷȥһ˫Ȼɵϴ󣬿ųīоˣ


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ʣ˭õ
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һЩ·ˣһĻ

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Ŀǰ£Գī˵ڱ׵ġ
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82 
뿪֮󣬳īûֱӻؼңȥѶӭһԹĿųīһȻȥһסô죬˵׸ʲôô
ף㲻ǽ˵ģīЩȵʵ
ͷߣصԴһһ֮Щľˣ˽³ƺ֣˵֣˵
īͬҲͷߣǱߡôˣ
ôЦǱҪ˵ļһһʼֺŵĲУȥˣֱˡҳһ٣ϻȥˡ֮ųܸϵ׻ƳǣҼֱһ١
īͻȻ廰㼸Ů
ɴ۾һ˵ı飺ʮҵȻܴӦСڡôҵĽڲ٣
īЦǲų磡϶ΪּһŮñĶã
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˵ϼһﲻǳ飬˵ȥ֮һ̣ܽöӳ¡
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ЦһôܣǸҿ㣬һƤưոݣ٣ҰǷŸų磬ʱ˵Ļϼһ˵һ顣ٺ٣ų統ʱѪҹţǸص֮ˣȻٲһᣡ
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һԣһĽĿųīôȥ˵ʮӣҪ߲ԭ֮ϵ׷ʲô飬ǲѵġ
ҲûԼӣ飬ҲҪ˼档
Ӣѫ°ʲôʱҲܵһöһֹ
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Ǳ˲֪
ºңзԪ˧֪͹ˣ
ôСƳȥж漵ңⲻڰҼڻϿ𣿡
СͷЩ𣿡
⡭ǡ
ûʲôǣһ֣Сģȴȥ˵졭ҿǳͷˣôѧȺϼһһͻһѪ꣬ôණʲôţϡԪ˧ңҪһ㣡ţ㻹ʲô
˵ţһһԸĳīŪڹ֮䣬±ս
˼ҿɱ˵˼СƨܹˣŪģīʵʵ˵
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˵ţĳ˵㻹Сǰʵ̫ǧҪһЩ߰Ӱ쵽֮͢Щ¶ǧҪ롣
͢飿īһ
Ǹ֣үүһЩֶΣһ¡ĺʮǰµһֶΣͽųī뿪Ҫɱ޻ʱΪľȫ֪飿


83 һ
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үү֪ˡīϿҵ˵֪˼ΪãȻ˵ֻ
ľϣ㴦ķǳĽˣҲܵӦеĳͷ֮ľı㶼һһ⣬ûмìܣ˴˼ĶԹֶΣѾ൱ˣųī¶ο
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δأΪڵݣ֮ȽϸߡųīٵүүߵĻǻڸϾ˲֪ϣһöӢѫ¡
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ҪӮñ˵أʵкַܶЩοĿӣƽֱˣӮñ˵أѪսʿӮñ˵أˣҲӮñ˵أΪµİաͬӮñ˵أ
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ͷǵģ£ȥáµҰˣسīΪĵӢۣ
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󣬳īҸǣص
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ͦ˵ġīǳ鴤ţͬеĵͬʱҲһԼʦװͰ͵ĲˣʵϿĺܰ
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㶮ƨħһ۳īֶܵΣ붼벻ģΪй±ĥΪֻ㣿棡
ħһĿųī֪ǿߣͲҪĥ㣡һѻʲô֪ˣһ㡭ֱƳû˼ĿܡʱԼ궼ûˣʲôһɢ
īŵһ£ô£
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ħ˳īһۣ˵㲻ǻʦ𣿡
īһţ˵Ǳ硣
Լʦǿħ±鷳ȥұ˵鷳Ͳˣ


84 ħ
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ҵЩǡһ벻Ѿ˺ܶꡭҪǸˣгһգٴصǰ
ң
ħ۽ǣЩʪֱһеĵҩֱӷ˵һš
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šһɾʹϮ
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СǳŽᣬҶܺദûЩĶ֮飬ҵͯ꣬Ǻġþʮ꣬һȺͬһ̽һ˵ϹµĶʱһ̽Ƕģкܶˣв٣Ǵɵӣ
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Ҫǣīϣ¶ŭ֮ɫӣ
١ʲôӡħҡҡͷӵģں档һˣһʮȫľ޴ôҵʦֵǣõ˸ǿɷֻҪܹصţƲҪ̫꣬ͿһԾΪɽһǿš
أīһŵʦΪʦϵıУѾǲԸȥĽ
ʮڶſڣֻܵһ˳ħƽϵı飬ȴʼýӲ
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ġ̫򵥡ħЦɱڣЩУܳΪţ
˻
ī̲סһ૵Ϊ
һɣѾ㹻ħ˵ҽӳǵİΧҲˣһŮҾߡҰˡ
Ǹˡʦĸ𣿡īСʵ


85 
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ħҧƽϣ¶ͷϣ¶һɸеõԵ飬վǴȥˣЩˣЩȥʦֵܵϣҵҵšǰŵȫץҵ䡣ŵЩˣ˵֪ģ֪ôǣ£һǧôʧϡңǻɢת޵ĻᡭûС
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ǵģħ˵Ϊ󳹵״ͨɸȻ֣ĻԵӦñȡˣҵʦֵϣߵЩɷţȫʮǿǵ̰ǻҪõõġ
šīһףΪʲôʦҸԼҪı±¶ȥ
ҵ˶ˣʱңҿ϶Щƴˣħ˵˵ڵʵôЩ˷֣϶·һǱӱʮ겻
ǶԵġīԼ֮ĶԹ˵
ҵ͵ʮ꣬ң͵͵ĸҴԴûаҲô졣ħദĵεΣϣ¶Щƽҵʵ㹻ǿʱҿʼҵĸ֮áѩޡһһ飡ʵϡǶʱ䣬ҲˣгˣһǿҵĿУ
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ħͷǰȻʲôΪ壿ǵ壬ЩУֱƨ㡣ҵЩһûɱ꣬ͱʿ׷ɱȺ˵Уö֣ҵɷ֮ôġ
ħҲǵһ䵱Щ£ÿһĻ棬һ˰ֽ̣ҿѪ졣īܸоʦеʹࡣ
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Ϊ˰ҽ⿪ɷ֮ǰҩھܾΪɷ֮ĽҩҩļΪָޱϡǵţҲжٴȻΪҡһˣȥԭûжٵļƷҩġħ̾Ϣ
ҩɣ뵽͵Ǳ뵽ڵҩһƿתɵڵȻŭʼ׷ҩ͸ң˵ģҵʱ֪飬Ϊʱңһֱġ
ļɽҲһܴȻǿɽλȻҲΪһתɵ͸巢ͻˣڵˣļ֮󣬲ûͱˣֻҪһ˵ѡ
еЩĹεĳϣΪΪǷµһ飬Ҳǣ浽ϡ˿˼֮ͬ顭ȻնɱֻһԪ̨ҹ˿ų湫˽
ʱڵˡȥ˵ôҲΪԼİˣпȴ⡣ԣ⳥ǿŵҩҩľͿˡȴȻûܸı䣡
еĺܶˡȫԣ
ħ˵⣬ѾЩ˵ȥʡ
īһģҲǱ߬סޱȵʹʦеʹ࣬ͬܡ
Ϣʱ򣬼ֱԼĶ䣬ȥļ壬ɱЩˣȳϧʱҵĶԿʼأ׷ɱҵˡȴԽԽ࣡
ħ̾һԵ󡭡ֱֻʩչɽ硭ֱӵ硣ЩȻ׷ᣬɱǧҲ;ƿݣǴ磬һƽ磬һΣû˸׷ˡ
ħϣ¶ĳЦݣΪ˽磬Ծѹ̫Щˣû׷ɱңҲΪұɣҵĴСȻɴѣҪΪȥðգȴûǸ
īֱ죬֪ʦϣȻô顣ѹʦһı飬װͰͣôݣԼȴǼá
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ʱ򣿲ʦͽһ𣿡īƺʶʲôħʵ
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ħӳīϣҪƽҩҪЩԪҩ嵥
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֪ҲͰˣ֪ˣܻܲһѰҡɱԪ޵ĹУǼ˳ڻˡ
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Ǳߵ̫Ҳסˣ˵Ӣ΢΢üͷӵĹâߣۣһ˼ı飬ͬҲ˸ŵĹâ
̫ӢͶۿΪīվ̨ΪҵĽ飬׸˶˻ػ֮ģпԭٴҲ˽ġ
ԸղĺҲûرĶһ䡣
ðһӿµĴĵıԪ˧
ͨȫλӵԤϡ
ζ벻ͨͨλλ˳ĴԪ˧ôܸī֮
ڷ޵Ͻϣǲܵģͨ޵еӣšôһСƨ飿
ĳ̶ֳ˵µö࣡ͨžȨһǻϵĸ϶ԷͨΪš
˵Ϸԣɷͨ˵һ仰ܹıϵ⣡
ΪλԪ˧ǴСһ𳤴ֵܣ
ڵϻ̫ӵʱ򣬷ͨΪ̫飬¹͡
֮⣬ͨΪУȭƽԾ֮飬Ųʡ
ǳʲô磿


90 Ϸ
˵λ벻ͨʼ棬ûܹͨ⡣
Щˣֻ벻ͨѣһˣȴɵˣ
Ǿǹɣ㣡
λӢŵˣڿλվǸߵʱϾѾûһ˿Ѫɫ
ͨǾ䣺Ϊӷȥ֮Ҳ֧Ųסһһƨڵϡ
ԭվߵ̫ӢͶˣźۼԱŲ˼
㽫Ŀ⿴̫ӵʱȴֻһޱɭĿ⣡
ɡһСˣ֮һĹ켣ô̫꣬һ˲Ͷˡ
֮ң
ĺʱЦһŷͨȭ֣˧ûʲôˣҸˣ
˵ţֳųīٺһЦλӣԲҲʶ㣬һʱˣ°ĺУһĨмΪʱڿųī˺ע⵽б顣
ǳīˡ
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һʼĺװʶһֱڣװʶ·˽ǵһμһ
īЦ˭˵ֻһԱ佫ţʼӵܡĻ˵á
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ĺأţԼôԵƣ껹̡
ʵȴͷһ
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Ԫ߷һ𣺡īҪԴˣıóѵģ֤ף
˵ţֱ̧ۣԪؾ֮Լţݺһȥ
ԿɽʯһƣҪһ˵ͷǣֱײ
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һףԼǳûл·ˡ
ոԪߣĳɹɱôһȻŵڸ׸ͱԪ˧λе棬޶֤飬ҲûܹӲĸ
ЩȻҪ֤ݣЩϡȴҪ֤ݣ
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ʱûע⵽ڻʼſڣһȺˣԭƺҪڴ˿̣ȴͣ
ʱ˵Ŀ⣬ϣûע⵽ſһĻ
ҲҪЧʶҪΪµգʵ££òãߡ
ʱѾ߳ԭ԰ûѪɫϣһ㳱졣
ĿɨͷͨλУĵǸĵطˣǴĵӢܿ֡ҵҵΪ֮ܶķһֱã㡭ֻҪŬȥһҲʷ


91 һ貹â
һ̾㿴ųīȴ룬һʧ㣬ǧ֮ޣ귮޵Ͻ˽ҵңҪһеҵңʱ򡭡һʱϣϽҪĺô
ϣ¶ޱȲı飬Ȧ죬ᣬ૵ҺͿϽһ٣˵ǮˣҲûȻ򣬷˶ϽģûлȥϽ鷳ǡͽ˼ϽϣҲ֪ôģҡҸ
˵ţˮ̲סʵĴ󽳣ոɵʦϼƷ֣ƳһӦ׸ʼ׸ȴұ˽ɱΣҪӡǧһ˵Ĵϲӣ㲻Ѫ岽˴ҶĿֻ׸ˡԪ˧ܸһؼԾĻᣡ
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ͷͨޱ顣еĺܶˣж΢΢һ
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ܹģЩŮ˺꣬˼𼸸Ӳģĸ˾
˿ĺĿУһ˿־塣
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ĺűݣʱԴһ٣ҡվԱ佫ʱеתû˵̫Ӹ磬ҲûϱΪԴҲֻ˵˵ѣ˭룬ȻͿҲд
ʱ̫Ӣվһʹļ׵ı飬ĺͿ飬Сôܲ˵㣬ˣͷһҪϱʣݺݳͷֻ첻ߵӣ
ĺͷһͣһΣϷ
Ӣֿ㣬һϧԴˣһƷԱխϽҪе϶ΪΪϽĹһֱȻߣ˵ǲǱģ
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ƻԻ͵УһĨ貶ĿĹâ
âһȻʧɫ


92 㹷ͷ
һâֵ˵ͻȻȴ˵Ѥ
еˣһ̣ȫʶס˺
һ˾˵Ĺ⡣
ͬҹУһȻҹյ磡
ۣ
㣬һͷ­߸߷
һǻѪ˳ŲӿͬѪɫȪ߸߽
ô죬˷ôĿˮʾ֭ĹƨϹеˮ֪ܵҥһ㹷ͷīǱͬһ澵ӵʯͷ
ǿӲޱȣ
ŵգϡ飡
ʲôϷʲôҥԣʲôˮվ⾪һ
һֱվڳīߵһ̣һ˫ۣ͵ĵɴ
ĳʵǷӦ
ֱͷ­𣬿޵ѪȻڶݵĿհ׵ء
һߵķͨе˼ˣ
ݺǿߣ
Ƽ㡭ʯ֮Ĵܣ
īĵٿ죬Ҳסġ
û
ûڿǿͷ­ֿ֮¶һޱȺЦݣ
⹷ͷĺðδˣͨ³һ仰Ȼ󳤳һӸողһ㣬ԶֿĹͷ̫ߣͷе㶪ˡ
˵ţųīٺЦСһԽԽϲˣڡٺ٣ĺãһͷʹ죡ʹ죡ͳ⡭͵һף
һַͷߣǳ鴤ţò֪˵ʲôźá
˵ͨͨ쵰çôͲסѵ֪īһȥǳˣԺô죿ѳ𣿲̶𣿻Ŀ޷죿
ֱʱвмŮ˷̴ٵļСǱŵˡ
Ī˵ŮˣˣжټѪĳģ
ܶ˶ɫ԰ףǸĿУη塣
ڻʼ̫Ӻͻӵ棬վڴԪ˧ڸ׸ߣᵶɱˡ
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ЩֵǣǱŵǸŮȻẓֲ̇ȴ𣬿ųīĿ⣬͡
ǰɣͷߣɵĿһİŮֿī˵ҲУΪһŮӣ㲻Ӧñⳡŵûʧɫôôƺҵֵܣû
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ĺɫѿгţߵīǰŭųī㡭ôң
ޣīһĭĺ
Ƽ۷壬»ƼĲĭģȿȣĺûܶ㿪
һ
СĺŭһǾϢ˲䱬ֳ彣ųīֱһն
Ǳ߷ͨ۾΢΢һУҪָԤȴīһۡ
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һͷˣͨҲңǳţ໥бһ۶Էϵı飬ͦʡ
˵Ŀ⣬ĺīϡûע⵽ͨʲôʱһŻ۵ˡ
ϣ
һ졣
ĺǰ彣ӦϣȻһѷޱȵĳĲϡ
Ҳɱֱī˶Уˣ
˵˵ΪʲôɱһУ˵ȫ͵Ķһ¡
Ȼ󡭡Щ˵ĵһӦͨͨˮһ㣬ڵء
ŸˣҲŹڵء
꣡
̫ӢͶۣȫɫ԰׵Ĺڵأͷ˭Ҳϵı顣
ͨˣε໥һۣתǸӹ££
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һԵķͨȴŴ죬͵͵ͷһ۳īĵСӣΣҲҪŪУǲܳΪһսʤͽϷֵ
ȴڰ֣ù˵


93 ̫
ĺԼĸףʵ̫˽⣬⻰ֱһֱӹ
ī߱죬ȴû뿪Ĳӡ
Уʣ³īͻվŵˡ
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īŻϣ˵ʥԭСӵ񡭡
ϺȻһЦҡҡͷһûԭء
ī΢΢һЦĺΪĻӣӦΪٹΪʣһֱˣȴǷǲ֡ߵڰסխ۾ϡ˵һɱһ㶼Ϊ
ŶµĿųīôǷǲ֡ߵڰסխ۾ϣ
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ˡ
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ҲīЩסˣϵ΢΢˳顣ĿųīīҲǺԥĸš
ģôӵˣļڡ
ûҲоޱȵʣųī¶һζЦݣСһġ޵Ķءղһ˹ͷĹ٣ҲĹԱء٣ǹ٣ʲôʵô
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ƴĳųīɫųīһܹ˼ʱ򣬸Ͻڵأ˵һСӷӦ鰡
īȴٺһЦҪôˣǹ٣ʲôϵǻʹ桭ҲٲмֻɣҪʲô鶼ܹﵽͷϣʵۡҲ۵ġ
̲סЦСӣ⻰˵á˵泩ֱ̫еˣܲʲôʺӣͷϿ۰ɣ
īһۻϣС˵ٲǱµĴԶڹ̡ܽȴǱµĲˡ
ϵĿһ۹ĺ飬˼˵Ĳء
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һ䣬ȴͬ
ֱӽеˡȫôסˣ
ϾȻĺˣ
һ仰ûʣһ仰û˵͸ˣ
ңҹ궼׻ƳǹֱӾ͸ˣ
⵽Ƿʲô飿϶Գīƾʲô˶裿
ݶ裬ɽֱ컹
Ķţˣ
ˣֻһʣīոյľٶ˵治Ҳ˶٣ƾʲô𱸶ûһ䣿
ʱˡ
ϵһ۹ɵ˵ĺɨһۺ治Զͬɵ˶Ҳҳ̫ӢͶۡȻ˵ʲô
˵ţݺݵһ۳īƵҶӲϸʲôѵĹͷҲˣ
īǳ˳飬߱ջأٺЦСĸҰ
ҿ޶ҿ㲻ҵģҹлҪ㣡Ϻݺݵһ۳īȻֿһͷͨҲҹ
˵ţ˫֣ʩʩȻĳȥ
һص
˵ŵޱȽӲýֱⱲӹʡҲĶǵһ죡
ڳжʮһƷƷԱǣǵһμ˳һˡ
ǳܶ࣬ỳɱǹ¶ĳīǲǻϵ˽ӣ
ʱ˿̣ͷˣһ


94 ǶϷ
˵˵ɣô£ϴųīͷͨˣ뵽һľµĹһţͿųīʵ
ī˵һ͢ƵһҸȥҡΪǻǷԪ˧׸ҵģˣûлɣ
ǵȷɳȥˡüһųīȥˡ
ûдҲûлɣΪ͢ûгģī˵
ͨһ˵ֹ
īͷû߶ԶҾѾоԣΪķԲǳŻʹȥģ
Ҳֱܷһȡ
ϵϣҲż־֮ɫ
Ψзͨһ˵кѣһˣҪʶ߱Ǿȫϸģ
ֻǸӡһ̾
ϾǾˡͨ˵
Щˡ
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֮ǿƥ˵һĴŶסһšͨһԺٺЦ
ϵ˷ͨһۣ˵أ
һȭûҿĳᡣī˵
ôܣţĳɶߵľ磬Ҳһϲͨ
ֱͨӣ˵ѵǳᡭĴŻʵ
ŭܲܲ飿
ͨٺЦ˼Ȼͣȷ¡ΪԻԼܵܵһЩΪһֱеˬ
ī˵ɼƷ֣ɹеʦƳɵģûԸңƹЩӣҪΪ׸ġ
ԭʵҲˣޱȼ̵׸ϣ֡
ǣīոձûȻڸ˵ⷬҪõط͹ˣôܻǸö
ˣī仰һ˵ϵɫͺ
ͨĶһۣ氵Сӡҩϵĸɴ䣡Ҳǹݰ
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ͨ˶⣬Ҳʮֺ档
īЩЦЦʦһп˳ᣬȻ˳
ʦϵ¶һĨ֮ɫ
ǰһǰԼʵܸ׷ɱǱӳ׻Ƴǵֻ꣬꣬һޱȻķҪ˵ûһµǿߣš
ȻҿǸ򣬵˭ָʹġīϣ¶һĨŭ˹㡣ʱһţҸԩ޳һɣ鷳ʲô
ʱһ䣺㲻˵үү֮жԹ𣿡
īͻȻ̧ͷ˫ڰ׷ӣĿŻϡ
ôĵīĿ⿴Щ飬ҪīĿ⡣
ϡҲĻīЩ䣬ҲЩƮ񺮶棬һ硣
΢΢һۿųī
ī˵ҲΪһĹΪģΪϴһ̵Ͻһˣ
һһҪ㣬ԹĲ˵仰˵īϲǸ˼
ͨҲһ˵ֻһ֮ôһ˵ˡ
ϴʱҲڷӦԵģǰǰǸͨĽӵܡǱһֲǿߣڲԭ˵Ӣۣ
ոǾ仰Ƕ԰ǰĳī˵ڣһ㶼һСӰˣܸ˵仰Ǹ̨ˡë
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100 ޾
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ô̫ӣִƶ꣬ȻδȴҲ볯꣬һλߵƣһȫͷųܹͨܵġ
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ĺȴЦһУ֣īб£һֱôȥΪλڱ˸ǽаʸ㻹񣡡
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ҴԼīˣ˵һֱŹңɣĽǸ׳գôôɣڽϵϷһˣ˹
̫ӵƤ΢΢һ漴ʹһ
Цʲôˮãû֤ݵ飬ԡ
ˮǸոոѧİīЦеĿ̫ӺͶӣǵķӦе㾪ȣƺͦµġҲǣҪģ֪һܿģĶ̫гϢˣԼúõܣ١
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˵ǲս¿ѾԶˣҵǰļڴƶУԼšһС˵ѣ϶лʰ
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Ϊ֮ɡޣ뻻̫ӣ


101 Сڸ
¥ܵ棬ǼԶ⿪ŵķУһһƯŮһߣīһߡ
ϣż̾µĲȣһºõľơ
һϣϲı飬ųīû뵽Ȼʱ
ٺЦôжˣ
һͷЦЦĿһߵŮӣ÷㲻жô
ƯŮӣǵ׻Ƴ¥ˣҲǴ¼еŮǡ÷
ǼѾ꣬Ǹò˫ȫŮҲѾһλ׿Ǽˡ¥ֵʱ򣬱һ¥ķֵꡣ
÷ӰǵĺģǼҷֵ꣬ûʱ򣬾Ѿˡ
÷Ҳ߳ķ»صǵߵСֻһΣѾû˸Ϸˡ
˭֪λɫŮĽ
÷Цܺÿü£쵰͵ƤΪ𪣬һ˫ɣЩɬһЦ˵Ȼжˡ
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÷ڰ׷һ˫У¶һ˿Ц⣬Ҳ͸ô
ɥ˶Ϊˣ˭뵽ֶûҶң
÷˵˼˵¡̫粻أΪá
ۣ
īһȫЦˡ
ܹΪ׻Ƴ¥ˣȻֻһž͹ġ÷ƽһʤߵģƤӣλȫǶ֡
ԴˣֻܶǰľƱһһԹ
÷ˣˡ÷ĿȻһ۳īһֱҪúллӵģûʲôûᣬ÷;һ
īƱ÷ˣ飬Ҫûжһ˿϶Ϊġ
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÷һۣȻ˱оơ
һ￴īֿЩɻʵôãЩԾ
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һҡͷԣ䣬˵Ӧڻʹμ磬ôҲӦó¥϶ʲô飬˵ĻˣǺȾơ
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һһ˫ʱ¶ֽţôˣ
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˵÷Ҳ̲סһ䣬ǹĻеԴףֵһ㶼ԡ
˵ϣСڸ㱻ƣ㣬һ˵Ѫǧնǿ߶ƲðʼҵȥСڸ硣
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ܳīͺúõ˶оðΪīе¡
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޶˵Ůӣȫһͣ¶ŵı顣
ϸŮ˵һ飬ʱЩǵķӦһһǶȣչֽϣʹеĻʼ棬׷ĶǵһĻ
ŮöɵˣĿųī
㡭㵱ô棬ɱ˹ɣȻ󱻻Ͻˣûһͻˣ¾ôˣһ￴ųīĿ⣬·ڿһ
׻ʹɵ˵Ҳ̶ͬѨһ㣡
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ҪĸɵӣΪ˶ϣûʹҲˣͿԴ룬һĺѿ
һȻǿ۹Ļʹжµģţġ
˵ʲôиأ뿪ʳǣڻʳǵſڣ̫ӡӺӣСڸ磬Ƕϡûǳ棬ǽһʰ
÷Ѿ״ǰǳ粨ǿȨζʲôǿȨ֮£˭һѹīȻҸ̫Щ˶ϣȫˡ⣬̫˼ˣ
һ￴ųīʵҵүסʲô


102 ô
īͷʵʲôûֻܹĵĹÿһ죬ϧԽǼ򵥵뷨ʵԽѡΪʵҵĿֻ꣬Ŭȥɨǰֵϰ
̫Щˣһʵ
ǡī
֪ˣһ֧㣡һ￴ųīľʲôҶ֧ģ
īЦ֪
˿ʼͣıʱī໥һۣͬĵʮ꣡
ɽ׻ƳǷƵ꣬ѾʮˣҲֻʮѡ
һ÷Ʊʮ꾴ƣϲֳһꡣ
󣬼ܵȥȼ̻ʮŮӣҲͬŮһ㣬Ц÷ǳġ
һ꣬ȥˡ
īصҵʱѾǺҹ·ϼûˡĴſڣܴһƬյء
īһůڻصˡ
ŷī˵үߣǱһ˵ǽȥģûʲô¶ɣ
еЩŷǴӾϱǵľԣҪԶʤЩͨˡ
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Уɱ˵ЩСѾͷҪŮĻ»ûŮҾǾã⽫ǰˣһЦݡ
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īصĸ첲壬ۼһԽԽõġ
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103 
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׼ˣҲԼļ˿Цԣ֬ԣԼģҪء
ī֣Ů֬
ţҺСʱ򣬾ͱ֬档ѧϰֺ֡˵ֶΣ似֬ͷ˵ֱǰ죬ŰнҾһͨŮʵϣԸӵġ
ԭīͷȻѡǣͲҪٽ֬ˣžѾߣնûС⡭ճ𣿡
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īͷߵססӽ㲻˭ūͣҪ͸¹𣿡
֬۽ǵˮ˲£ȴ¶ޱ޶˵Цݣͬһ˲ŵĻ޾ˡ
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ͬʱõֵĳ٣Ҳǳֵļֵ
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ԳīȻûһȥԴȻ˵Ҫȥִաĳ̶ֳ˵ǽã
٣Ժˣ׻ƳеЩ壬٣ǾܽһŮġ
䣬ܱȳīԴһЩȫҪ
īġ
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С˼˲ʧΪˣѾĸˡ
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ʱ˿̣ī֪еԬ죬ڴ
ҹλԭȨƵŮˣӦڻʹһڹһ̸ֵЦ
ȴֻ׻Ƴһ档ȻһӷʢĲȣضУȴûκθڡ
ԭϣŤ
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ʲôô죿ҪҪҲҪɱ˳īǸСľǸҲŹԬɭ䣬ҧ˵ΪԬ컹ǵǸʲôСŮأΪԼүͿԶԱ˵ڲɱ裿
ҪҵĽܵϣ¶֮ɫе㲻ŵĿĸס
Ԭ쿴ĽܣЦѵûĴ
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Ľһ£һίǣؿ
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ԬһӣҵĶȫ˸飬ȻŴҧ˵ҴӦˣ
棬ͻȻһߣ߿ȥҲʮ꣬òðĹâԬĽٺЦͨˣ
Ԭ쿴ߣŨŨȴҧͷҴӦ㡭
ʱ򣬾Ҫչ
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Ԭ˵ֻҪСԴұ㣡
ߵĿ⣬ԬϷĲλһȦȻٺһЦͻȻʧڷ䡣
ԬǱãȻ̱ϡ


104 
īĬĬ⣬ǰڵĻۣѾﵽһٽ㡭׼ͻƵĲ㡣
ڡڳ棡
īеԪ̶ȣҪԶʤߡ
ߵǿȡھ硢似ȡԪľ̶ȡ
ԪԽǾʽҲԽ
似ͨĲѵԽԽ졣Ԫľȴֻȡķ㣬κˣû취ıġ
ˣΪķֵԶʤЩ似
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ī⡭ȴǿģ
ķУԪ˷ųīķ۶
ɳīĸӵ롣
һΣīȴûЩԪֱӽ뵽֮С
ΪеԪѾ㹻ͻƵĲ㡣
īЩԪϵԼĹϲơ
ǣ
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ʹ࡭ÿһ˿ͷϸǧԪӵ൱µΣȴȵ
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˾ָƤеʹ࣬˵ڹͷϸ
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Ȼһ취Щʹࡪҩ
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µһ½硢ɽ硭ȫڣû˸ͷ­īȻûֹͣ


105 ͻ
ĶͷϣѾĺˮûѾȵͷ­ɡ
Ϊʱ򣬳īѾʼԪԼͷϲ
һĻ˵½ϵߣɽĶǿ߼ˣҲᱻŵľΪСһˡ
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֡ۡ͡ƴЩأȱһɣīȫ߱ˡ
ûеɹ
ˣþ˵һ˿Ԫһ̡

īͻȻԴһ졣
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âҪ͸壬ֱӱ
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ɢ
֮ģһǿ󵽼µĸоڶ⣬ɢ
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һԶġƮ
īУһĨĿĹâ
š
ʱţƿˡ


106 Ѫ
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Ϻǣ˼ȻһСŵͻƣأÿѽ߷ͬһЦ
ȻµĴųīЦûһ˿Ԫ˰ɣҪҪʱָԪ
īĿһߣ˵ģ㳤ôѿƵģ˺˼ô
СͷŪࣿߴīУھ͸һֻ׵ĸûʲô
ˣֱֱۣӳī
ҷүүóȳһѵѵ㣡
ž
ߵ󣬱ץס
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û˵ֻһǿԪ˲䱬Ҫīץסֱ֡飡
֪ʲôǧնĴܣŭȡ
弶ѡī˵ţһ
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ߵ󣬵۶ϡ
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ۣ
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Ѫīһ۵ڵϵߣЦѪҲûʲôͬ
˵ţվߵߣ˵ûˣõʲôҽȥһ·
ٷһ̴ٵľѸȾ죬Ȼץת˳ȥ
īһЦųԺһˡеˣȫۼոմǼŮȫһеĿ
īͷһů˵ģǵˣˣ϶ˣ͵ȥ˵ң˵񣡡
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Ҫ֪ѾȥͷǱԼүҪǿǧնǿߣ¶Ÿ
ү̿ͣģһϱϴŭɫųīʵ
һҧľ̫
īڰ֣Ц˵ˣ˲ľġ͹ȥȻ֪ôˣ춼ҪˣˡҶȥ˯ɡ
ʱϱȥͷӳīϳ廨
ŮĬĬ߽īķ䣬ĽʰɾĬĬ˳
ܿóһΪīѡŮͨѾߡ
ǵĵʶҲԶʤˣ
ҪһСŮֳŵòҶˡ
ī̾еͬʱҲ룺Ůǲһ
ᣬڴʵĸоոսһ˵ˡ
ԵЩƣոԪ棬һˡ
ԺͻƵʱһҪѡᱻҵİȫطС
īְһˣȻתݣ˹ˡ


107 Űݷ
ҹѾȥ졣
һ죬һｫ¥˱ӡšһѶ÷÷ʽĽӡ
÷Ҳˣ˲¥ϰ壡
ӵǸȫղԼ˵ĿŮҡһ䣬׻Ƴеλˡ÷ˣΪīѾ׷˸ı䡣
ͬΪī˷תˣԭȨƵŮˡԬ졣
ֻ÷תǴӻãԬˡȴֱԨ
һһ磬ϵļͽǸ廨͵ϡ
֮飬ЩͲ֪ˣֻī˵ľû¶棬ȴ˸ǣתīԲлл٣
Ƕľ仰ɻ󲻽⣬īˣҲֻǺǺһЦ
һ磬ʹԬ챩Ϣ
Ϣ֮󣬳ٰԼڷһ硣ų˳īڵϣĸīͷл
ɱɱĸ֮𣬲죬˵ţ
ԬĶ飬û취ֱ𣬵޺ޣ
ԬˣЩԹԹҲƮɢˡ
īûеõĽܵϢһ죬ų٣֤һｫ¥Ӹ÷֮󣬵Ǵһ˵һ㶫
Ľʧˣʱͳʧˣû֪ȥһЩǵĿųīҪСĵ㣬϶ǡ
īεҡҡͷɱңҷֱǣƾʲôҪɱ
İɣҲ¡īЦЦȻһ˳٣Ҳûһ
һĿڳīͳת˼ȦЦͻȻҼүԽԽ˼ҵСﶼܸƭأ
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ⶼճȻǲһҪҲգгһˡһһ԰̾
ԭûϵģǹӴҵġ
һЦЩ۱˱٣ӣ㿪ЦģĺˣԺҾ׽㡣˭۸㣬ʰ
󣬳īһһˣص
ѾˣҴµϢ
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İүֽ̻Ի͵ݳ޷񣬲۽ķ񣡡˵ţȻԳī˵ˣУм꼫ƷҩҪĳ
ŶīüңĵϢǿľּ֪Ʒҩģ𣬵϶ҲеۡľǮȥɡλ˸ɵйѪҲӦá
ţīҪȥһˡ
ûȳīȥľˡ
û취λˣԭԽšڼǰ廹Ƿ䣬ʵûʲôֱΪݶһ
ǵҩù֮һʧȥš
λȨµˣҲëͷСһʳ֪ζȴƫƫҹȡ
ΪīѹҲ
飬ľʶЩ飬Ҫˡ
ȳīţԭܼ򵥣īҹ£ŵľȻīûʲô飬ľǸе¡
һīиô˭ȥ
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ҹīɱȻɹȴľһ亹īҪˣľҲ޺ˡ
ˣľҪ֤׿֮ǰīܳκ⣡
㳹׿ˣҲϣܸīΪѡϾ˭Ҳܱ֤ӽԺҲòīˡ
Ǹ̿ߣľܴڴ֮ǰľҲһ亹
ΪǾȻһƼǧնǿߣ


108 
һǿߣȻֱӷϵʹξ֮ľ֪弶ǿߣҪξǿԳ֣ܽ¡
ԣīλʦҲľЩ־塣ӲīΪС
ﶼǺܴģУֻͨʧǷǶԹǿôҪ
ľǸû弶ǿߣǰڳīϵġȻû˵£ֱû˵ࡣ
ЩԭۺһľԳīøӾη
ŰݷãҲ֮ˡ
īľӭЦ˵ôˣ
ľǳ͵ûб˵ֻ֪ӣȴһݺ
һƱ
ľƱ֮һºЦݣ٣ҵһ⣬ĪҪ
īɨһƱ֣΢΢һ̲סпһƱʮˣҲΪֹһǮ
īûбŵΪҲϾǮˣ
ˣһЦ̫ˣƱҾˡ
ľʱһģС˵УһƷҩĳ׼Щҩģȫʱûʱ䣿һȥ棿
īǺһЦľү볹װϴ
ľһ죬ЩεĿܲܲҪôֱӣ
˵ţľ̫̾ǱߣԭΪô֣û뵽ǻǶ㶯ˡ
ԣǾͳȻѣīʵ
ľЦЦȻ̫һϵԣ
ʱľǻָ˼ִӦеķ緶
ī΢΢ҡҡͷ֪ԼＸҪԸңҲûôס
ľζĿųīܲһӶʦġ
īһľүǿͨ͸˵ҵڣȻЩŲү
Ųûϵһ죬ŵùҡľŵ˵Щ꣬»¶˵ԼǸˣҲʲôˡЩ꣬Ĵ󣬾ǶĽ̫ݡӣĿһУƫƫֲӣ˰㣡
㣿īһľ
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ī֪ľеСȻָĽܡ
ľ̾Ϣһ£Ҳ׽ϽеУүүϽ֮ǰйìܡ
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ɣ
Ϊʲô᣿
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Ǻǡʮ̫ӣܵȶꣿȻѾᣬܸо𣿡ľЦ
ȷϣоһˣ긻ǿī˵
ϷùƷĵҩһΪѾǧն硣ǺǡȻսôһٶ꣬ȫ⡣ľЦ˵ã̫ӵ£ٵʮꣿȵʮλ
īһǳ˼£Զԡ
ľųī̾Ϣ£ʵ֪ԣҲõʲô̫ЩˣȻ˵Ǻǿ϶һ϶ĺѿ
ľ˵ţһЦ
īһСҡʱˡ
ľϿҵĿųī٣˵ʵһʼҵȷǳ㣬ʱ׷ɱ㣬ҲһһҪڣȴı⣬㲻ЦΪҽˡףΪʲôϼһ˿㣬ԣ뽻֮
īĬһ£Ȼ̧ͷһ̹ȻĿľҲ˵ʵҶү̫ߵΡûϵǰɣү˵ĶĻǾͽʱɡīЦ˵ϣһɣҿɲǳһ𡣡
ľ¶ϲɫͷİɣһ׵
īͷʦȿȣǸֻҪЩҩ׼ò࣬ʣµҩܿ춼
īһƽƺû˵©ʲô
ľȴһ˿Ȼ֮ɫаȻˣ
ľǡ
ľīصЦЦʦơǲ


109 
壬Щܴ䣬żƲļߣů⡣
ֵϵḷ́ܶѾţ׻ƳǣյС
ϵ˲࣬īʯ·ϣٶȺܿ졣
һͳ٣ڳī档͸ĳīһ̲סЦ˵ǲǾдĺã
īعЦЦ˵ô˵أʵûҲȻ棬ͬҲҡ
һȻЦ
һӴȥУȥʶ𣿡
īЦҲûȥУǰһֱͦģ־ˣȥʶԽҲǵһȥءⲻڻڹ꣬һɢɢġ
һЦЦҵү֪ء
ɫ΢죬ųīżֺ棺ӴСڽô
һܸУīʵ
룬˵ҵ뷨У㲻ôҲǡϵЩݣҵŹӵĻΪʲôأ
һһ˵ҹӵүүǸˣȻǽٺ»ͣÿҺڵһ㣬ʣµġȫ͵͵Щսϵľ˼ˡ
Ȼʧˡٵϣż֮ɫ
£˭ԣϽֵزģ治ࡣˣϲʶҪ棬ֻҪ˵ľٶȻ𾴡
ī˳ĳ棬żܿСӶñֱܣȼű
ﰲ̫͡ƽ졣ļ԰Ҫػĵط
һ㣬޹ػϣҲ޹κˡ
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У׻ƳУһʮɸߵ¥
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ͣеſڣʱѾдĳڴˡˮʮַ֡
ܶ˶ŴĶңסݣһЩ˴źɫñӵĶ񣬽ñЩ˸ɴ߻ɴ
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ī͸ĳһĻЩɵۣ˵ƺûκΡ
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īͷߡ
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īȻ򣺡ԭˣ
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һͷ˵ҪǾڴˡ
ī룺ҲãҲʲôڴˡ
ī˵ţʼħݹı
ڽ뵽֮ǰҪֹͨıͣЩѣڣԳī˵ıòֱ׾١
īУһһͳ˶ЩɻĿųī
ȵ֮ŮͻȻ֣īĸӡȻ֮ǰ˰ͷҲ֮ǰЩݵȫֱͬһƵġڵĳīһˡ
һСߣôһЩаĸо
һͳٿöЩŮжޱ𺳡ãûеʳ
ҪУУȻĻǻӣҲҪ֮⡣Ϊ˱˵˽еʽġ
ʾ֮󣬳īŮʩʩȻ߽ȥһţһɿտĸо
վĵطһ·£һŵΣÿ棬һơҪʲôƾͿˡ
мգһ޴ĵƣﶥ£յõƻͨ¥һȦİһʮһ䣬Ϊ졢ءˡΣÿ߼Ǵǵĵ̡
һľԭīڶ¥ߺŷ䣬Ϊ뱩¶Լûȥ
īŮںߴ˼λ¡
Ȼ󣬿Ŵˣʼ롣
һǧ˵һ¥ܿг
ڡûŵʱ
ȻЩȴңһ˽ܶȻ߻Ƕңɢͬͨ˵Ϣ
ī΢΢۾һƽʱ桭Ҳкܶˣ


110 ͭ
һҡҡͷҲ¶ɻ֮ɫǣȻУΪƹ¥ÿᣬӵżҲأǵһΣ
˵ţһЩȵĿųīôܿЩɣ
īЦЦɳˣȫ¶ϣҲһӰ͸
һһ۳īһӴһ𣿡
īٺһЦ
һ̾һ˵ģҲȷе
ЩĴܵЩˣĬĬĹ۲Щ˵һһͬʱҲ۲һеĸڣЩȫЩѾıˡ
նԳīĴɱʧ֮⣬鱨棬൱츳Ĺ۲񣬶ǿ
ҲΪʲôĴɱʧܵҪԭ
Ϊһ۾Ϳ˳īܴɱĶȥֻܰװʵ֤ǶԵġ
һᣬеĴţڱϡʱУһ¥ĴУѾ˽߳ɵˡ
һ룬ԼʵĿʣЩ̹ȻĿʾ˵ģҪô޿֣˭Ҳµ֣ҪôǸûĶֵġ
ʱ̨ϣһĺֵˣϸΪһˡ
κһԷ˽ˣСӡΪǷеϯʦ֪֣Ҽʸ硣
֣ôǷʸˣѵдҪ֣
ǰȷе֣˵ûдʸǲ¶ġ
ʸôҲǷеĶƹء
һЩ˴һ˽
ЩûжԼĿκڵˣʸҲЩ⣬һЩϣ¶֮ɫΪʸ֣ζᣬܿ벻ı
λѣðþòʸǡʸɤźܺվһ΢Ц
ʸ翴һЩûĿ¶ɥ֮ɫΪҵĳ֣Ǿ϶кöɣ
ѵ𣿡У˴˵
ʸǺһЦͷһΣȷкöң٣ûݵѣҲõʲôΪһεƷȻܺãɱԽ
˵ţʸЦЦˣԹʼ
˵ţֵһˣһ䣬˶ʱһһźһϵλߡ
īЩȣҲͦʵģ۾һգգĿšʱ򣬳īȴоƺһĿ⣬ĿУԴһ˿ɱ
ţīһĵҿεģʦ˵ݹ½ûʶ
īͷ֣Էɱ⣬ǳģǳԵһ
ΪīԸоһӱƺܽš
īɫһ֡
Ȼ󣬳īоһƺ˿ȻЩš
ʱ̨ϵķʸѾó˵һƷһһǧǰͭߣ⼣߲ƺһЩޡ
һ￴𶦣ʱЩȻͻȻס˳ī֡
֡Щ΢Щ
ī۾Ͽκα顣ͬʱѾܳʱûйͻȻһ¡
Ҷ˰ɣ𶦣½ĲңԶȸ½˵һܻԻ͵Ĵġʸš
īһЩıϣ˵ʲôסһ֣Ȼ̨ϵķʸ硣
ҵľ飬𶦣ӦһõĶȻҲпһҩĶеֶΣеķġʸ˵ţ΢΢һЦεȵĻԻͣ񡭡ֻһŶڼլ֮Ӧļ۸Ƕƽ𣡡
ڷʸ˵ֵʱ򣬳īܶ˴ƺˡðƽ֡Щ˶ʱһŭҪƵ֡
һƽʮͭȸ½Ҳֵǧļۣеˡ
īûڵһʱΪոǵĿ⣬пƮ칬֮ͭ䡭ƺ
īһóı۵ˣ£ȴƺ͸źǿĹŹ֡
ʸ翴һˣҲżЦǺǵ˵۸أǹ˵㣬վǴĶ˭֪ûʲôأ˵װˮβأ˵ЦģҲҪ氡һٺжˣǧҡ
ʸԴǷȤ̨ϻԾգ˵ʵֻһŶ룬ҲֵǮġȻǰϲϲֵ
ʱ򣬴дһ˾ˡ
һʮƽҪˣʸ˵öԣϲֵҿϲûؼңſڽˮɡ


111 
˵ˣûĿһʮˣҲЩ֣ڣŨüۣǲѿ
Цеģ߻źõұŮš˵ֻϣһʮָʮöָҪ˵۾Ϲ
󷢣走׻Ƴǵľ⣬ƿС
һиص㣬Խ¥ȴƫƫϲһ¥ţңԼĿŮ𣿿ǲ¥ŮӣǣŮˣȫĸ֣еĵӣ󷢵С檣ġ
У˵˵Ǯӣʷֵıˮ𣿡
ˣ׷ٵ˲֪ж٣ȥ׻ƳһﶷһֵһĹ١Ȼ󵱳٣˵ʲôеǮ˻죬ȻҪӸһҵ٣Ҷ
˵ˣīԶԳīĶ
һǱ֣ЩȻҲ˵ۣޱȵķŭ
㡣īûߣһĶС
⻹ǳīһʹֱ£ͬħһѹеһ֡
һƺ΢΢һ۽һޱĳī˿ֻ֣Ҳ
̨ϵķʸ˵˳һʮƽ𣬻и߼۵𣿡
ͭʵڿʲôֵҩõģУмʹã
ͨϼ켸ҹҲκα仯
ԣڳЩˣûеڶ۵ġ
īоǵĿ⣬ٴ䵽ߵһϣīûȥ׽ǵĿ⣬˳Լλϵĺƣ˵ٶʮƽⶫҺϲ֪ܷ£
ǰŵ΢΢һ̲סͷ濴һۡȻ֪˶Լۣʲôӡ࣬ˡ
ȻһˣôţҲңҲڸһЩ˽Ͼ
ǲ˵ôҾǿӾôǮôΪأ
󷢵ӣǲңûϵҲϡǵأ
ǲϡôòʲô취
ˣ˳ΪȻĵһΣ
ԣǸһЦߣ࣬Էƽڴ˿̣󷢵УͻȻһ˿ůһֱӵĸо˲ͽⲻ֪˭İΪ֪
˵ƺЩЦʵܶʱȹ»Ҫʡ
ǣλ׻ƳǵľĴһ֮٣վЦӣƽһαΪůģֵܣи󣬽һϵܣʲô˵ˣ𶦣㣡
˵ţ̨ϵķʸ˵ʸ磬ٰʮƽ𣬰Ҫˣλֵȥּһ㣬ָϲ죡
īˣˣҲˡ
ܶ˴˿̶ڵĴض㴷صģ˵֪һܵõһǧĹŶҲа
īһ£عЦ硭ðɣ
һ֣㶼Ҵ磬ѵҲһôˣ
īЩ룬һȭˬˣҲˣǷһ飡
˵쵽ϺȾƣ󷢺ˬЦȻһĵȥ·ǧ˵һ֡
˶ʼδġ̨ϵķʸ磬Ҳû뵽һûʲôõͭĳ۸Ҳľϲˡ
ˣйһ֮£Ȼ˽ֱͭ͵˳īϡ
īĸоϵһ£֪ͭǼͬʱҲоߵһƺЩ
Ͻߣһ㣬𼤶ⶫϣͳȥǱڰж㣬¶š
һճī֣ʾԼˡ
£ůãеգҲԾ
ǵĿ⣬û߿̨ϵķʸ磬ó˵ڶƷ
һƷɺɵɽˮͼ
ⶫžҪֵĳ嶯ʵ̫Ưˣ
ɺˣһǸʦÿһϸڣֺ֣ɺɫʣҲõ˼¡
վס
ֶ˻ӭģ
ˣƷɺɵɽˮͼֱǵķ¥ϴ۵
Ҳ뵽ᵱУڳ˼μ۸֮Ƕ¥Ǳ߲ϴĵֱֹͣ˽мۡ
һ㣬ܿһֻŸӣ
Ʒɺͼ¥ŷ˵ȥҲ֪ǲľˡ
ıڷʸĿУһһò˵ʸĿڲź֪ʶҲ㹻ԨЩÿһԼĹ£ÿһܱ˵Ǿ䱦
ҲˣӿʼڣһʱӲûһġ
ڵ˽ͷϷ
ʸһ࣬վǣ˵棬˽Ҫʱ̣ǵѹƷǳ


112 ѹƷ
֮ǰһʴң䡭Ķʲôһķʸ磬̨ͻȻ黳˶е㲻Ӧ
󷢴Ц˵ȨǮŮˣ
ܺܶ涼ôģȴͥڵ˵ˣ˵꣬ܶ˶֮Աǡ
¥һºͺŮҾãĶǵòģʧȥġ
仰һʱǵϣ¶˼ɫ
ţ˶鲻ԽĹ
òġʧȥģ̫еˣֱ԰
Щڨڨ£ﹾʲôòĺʧȥġòľͲҪʧȥľϧ»ÿĲҪģ
ֻ󷢵ĻûмҲ᲻мһˡӣ˵ʲôĻ
ұ޵ŮӶЦ󷢵⡣˲󷢵ĺãȴǳűӡ߱һǿˡ
׻ƳǵľĴôˣĵľĴҲǴĵ촬
ЩӣǸۣ
ǸЦߵ꣬Ǻ
̨ϵķʸ磬ٴЦǺǵ˵¥λС˵úܺãòģʧȥģʧȥġʸҲûа취û죬ǵϣĳһЩòĶ
Щһ¥ʱ
Ҫ˭ǰЩͣסĿȵĿ̨ϵķʸ硣һ⣡
òġ
䣬ܱΪòĶĲࡣ
׻˵ǮʹĥЩ׻ƳǵĸûʲôòġʸȻô˵һĵ
пܣеЩҩ֮ĶЩҩٵģǿģġÿһ֣ǵķ
ʸձƵòˣЦŵ֮ǰʴңĶʲôʵ棬Ҳһ𰸡Ǿǽǿҵ壬һˣͨˣѰٲˡ
ʸ̾ϢһЩп˵ڣһܻվҵʦԭʲôΪӵпԼİ취
øӰЩЩ߼ҩϵĴޡÿһΣϣһЩһᡣ⣬ҲѪȷ硣
ΪЩɥģЩټ
ǲǶΪѹƷǵҩأʸصһЦʵǣ

ģ
ˣ𣿡
أ
ԭŵȻгһܶ˶̲סƿڴ
ʵǷʸθڣ̫һ㡣Щޱڴ£˲ԨŹ֡
īҲ̲סҡͷЦ˵һԼ
Ҳ̲סҡͷ˵ǵģ˼ôڴǣ
ʱ̨ϵķʸٺЦȱ𼱣˵ѹƷ֤ϲȻеĵҩЧȴһ㶼еĵҩǿ
һ£ЩӵȻֹ
ˣȫʸ磬Ŀ⡭Ҳٶȱû
ʸڽҿյף˵ĽԪޡĿϵıһһָ̧λүǿ
о׳Сӣһ飬ֱ𽫳ĿϵĽǡƤ̧
󣬰˸ˣ̧һž޴ͷ̨
䣡
УʱһȻ˶鲻Խķһ͵͵ľ
Ȼ֪Ѿȥ֪ãǾ޴ͷϣǹɱϢȻ˵սľ
⡭ѹ
ĽԪ޶еѹ
ˣҲѹ˴
ʸСĽӽǾ޴ͷȻһ£װͷϵĺ˵ⶫ£ĽԪޣУҲһɵӣûʵȡּԪޡԣ˵Ȼǵҩȴʤҩвͬ𣿡
һƬţû˵ֻһֻ޴ͷ㹻˵ˡ
ԪϵĶһǱ
˵䲻ŵģĽԪųķ㣬ǵõ
˵̨ĽԪбȽϡĳĿ
ƬõƬճڻľϣһķ
һףǵǹ롣ı
Ľ͹ǣݾƣ֮ٽǿ԰ٲ֣
ʣⶫǱʲôܱ֮Ϊ
ǰԹһͷĿʱ˺䶯ˣ뵽ᵱС֮ǰ׻ƳǣûйֶǴ֮Ҳһֱûг֡
졭ˣǻҪ𣿡
ʸվ̨ϣĭӺɣҪͷĽԪޣӲɾŽԪޡ
īöЩ죬ƲƲ죬ЩΪȻ
ˣߵĳٺһȫ٣۾̨һɢű亮ͿֲѹĲϡ
īЩôã


113 
һЩ˼Ŀһ۳īҵү治װͿĽԪް㵱Ѱʨϻ𣿡
ĽԪôˣīƲƲ죬һмĵĽԪ޻үҴġ
šһַĿųīү治֪ô˵ĽԪޣ˵൱ĻƼĲ㡭ҲǾߡʵȴԶʤǾߣŵ˵һͷĽԪޣɱĸǾͬߣ
һ̾ͨĽԪޣѾôˣĿԶʤһĽԪ޵ļƷԪޣ൱£ǣ
Ҳһ˵Ϊ˲ɱͷĿ൱Ĵۣ
һ￴һ۳ī˵ǰ¶ҹӣˡ
īЦЦһĳ٣ͷ˵
һҲ֪īݸװ˱¶̫ࡣûע⵽еˣǫ̈̄ϵĳĿȥˡ
ī૵ȡ˵ʲô⣿
һ̾ϢȣⶫΪϡУǴɣҪ׽һͷĿҲ£żõҲϵһƬȥ
ΣĿϵĲϣʲôֵǣΪʸںƣˣڳĿϲϵĹЧһ㶼ûпʣһ̾Ϣ治֪˭ôȻȡôǿԪޣ˼ǡȻóǰܼҰ
ī̲ס˸ۣʵһ˵ȡһЩԪޣóīǸرϲ԰ڵӣҲû˵̫ϸ
һܹ뵽Ǹܼӣߡ
ʱ̨ϵķʸѾʼ˳ĿһĴڣʼĿһûһĹЧѾҶ˵ҡǾһ񹭣ݾƣǾǴ֮ļ۸ǡǧƽ𣡡
Ҫīһ䡣
˵ͬʱ棬Ѿͬʱмʮ˾еӡ
ǧƽ𣡡
ǧ
ºЦɽҳһƽĿĽҺЦɽҪˣסҽкЦɽֻҪգЦɽл
ޣЦɽ˭û˵ҳһǧƽ𣡡
ҳһǧ
һǧ壡
īĿɿڴĿһĻǳ鴤ţţȺˡ𣿡
û˻ӦīתͷһŮ˸ɴܸоǴ˿̵˷ܡ
ܵīĿ⣬һЩźĵ̫ˡȻ
Ҫī˸ۣĵǿһߣҪѾôôˮˣƺҲҪ٣ֻҪһﲻȥԪ϶Ѱ˳ܶ࣬Ҫⶫ٣
˭֪һ붼룬ֱ˵㰡
ңīһʱЩûӦţӿһɸжЦŴһˣⶫͳȥĵģЩǻͷ˵ˣûʲôɿˣ߰ɡ
һĿ͵ĿųīƺҪȷǲڿЦ
ţһֱվһ̾ҡҡͷīܼء
ټҲվۻЩԵĿ̨ǶѶ
ʱǸĿĽѾеƽ
ˣ
ˣ
īҡͷŮǸصͭȻ뿪С
ǵӰոʧ֮ʣУͷʮֵ͵Ŀȥ
֮󣬳īһͳ˳һС·ȥȫûȺ
ΪһС׻Ƴǳˣī׻ƳǼǳϤ
ŮСѸٴУͭһֱŮ֪пռ䱦ǲ뱻׷ǵ֪
īֱͻȻ뿪֮ǰһֱһ˴ֲĸоǡȴһ׷
īȴ̫±ǣűӣζ̫ˡҪռҪ򡭡ҲԼĵϴ
Ů˿ҲѾף϶ǷʲôˣȻĻīַӦ˭ûжһ䣬ĬĬĸųīǰС
ڣ׻ƳһƬطԭһƬƶΪٸҪ޽һ޴Ļ԰㽫ƶȫǨֱӷúܶ౶ķݡˣ趯Աƶȫ뿪ˡ
Ѿ˰࣬żм˺ס̡
īǰŸյǱӰٳ
˲䵽ǰס
ȫźɫĶڶñӣǵҲȫס
һˣһ˵Ʈ칬йһ


114 
һ俴źɫӣʲôƮ칬Ҳ˵ʲô
ո˵ӲмЦˣһǼȻѾҵͷϣ˵Ѿ㹻֤ݣ֤Ʈ칬ȻĻ㵱еô鷳
һ䣬һĨŭɫǸƮ칬г𣿡
޳𡣡˵
Ǹг𣿡һʵ
Цˣ˵ôûõĻˣǸƮ칬ԩ޳𣬸һͬԩ޳ֻõƮ칬ĴСԵǿٵģ
졭ôҪĻȻ˵ôӦһ˵ǸСµӣ۸һȻ̲ס༥
Сûʲô飬ùһȥ˵˵
һŶˣʼû˵վ
īӣЩ𺳣ȸ½½ˮǧɽЩ˾ôģҿȥ׻ƳǣҲһˡͰһĸϢ
ôҵҵģһ￴ˣڵòѾ˺ܴı仯ңȸ½ޱңԶ
˵ӵһЦϵ飬ʵûʲôѵģͿûġʮãʮöֱָߣȥƺܣӦûܹҵǲŶԡһ£Ǿǡû˳ǣ
һͫ΢΢һ૵Ʈ칬ûˣ˭ǣ
ӺǺһЦȻʮеĳһ
ⲻܣһŭӣ˵ѣ
ƲƲ죬˵ƭʲô˼Щ꣬ȸ½Ѱʮ˵ģûһҲаǧ˵½ޱߣַ׻ȸĸطȥҪҵǣͬ룬ǳѡʵȻΪȺˣе֮ӣףʮа˾šҲѡֶĴǣ
һɫ΢΢һ䣬ΪӸ˵ˡ
ʮȻ֪Եȥ򣬵ȴԼҪڵĹһĴվȽŸȻټʱƾϡ
ӵһЦ⣬Ƿĵһ󡣵ڶǶеŮӣ֮Ůǵ֪УŮ˾Ӧ㡣ȴһ£СŮ˵ĵλûôߣ
˵ţʼ磬Ц㿴ǴǣȻǴŮˡǲѰǾͱ׶ˣ
īһ԰ľҲ֪̫˵˶ôƶϡ
Ҫ˶ôƶϵġǾ̫ˡһЩá൱
ȻòϣһڽõУ൱ģҲ㹻͵ѰüꡣĲ˵׻ƳǣǾͷܶΡ¥֮Ƕ㡣̾Ϣϧʱ򣬶ȫȷݣΪһֱ㶼ûбֳκθҰĺصľٶ
ī΢΢һʲôطˡ
һһ㸺£Щ˲ʲôī棬Щ
Ȼӽ˵һʱľٶǼȷ㡭ǵƮ칬ӵʮ֮һ
һ˸ĮȻ˵òϣǵĹ۲ǿжҲ㹻׼ȷҵĽñʲôϵҲҵЩá
˵һЦȻ˵ô֪ôȷģ
һﲻ˵ֻĮĿͷ¶βӡ
ʱԣһֱû˵ˣͻȻ佫ͷϵñժȥ¶һòͨӵȻ֣Լһ˺һžɵƤߣ֮˺¶һƯ
ˡȻһŮˣ
һ۾ֱˣĿɿڴĿŮӣгŵı顣
ŶŮӽеһӣ˵һʦãʶô
㣬һƣһʦ㣿һȻǲ˼飬Ůˣ㣬ô᣿Ⱥһ⡭ⲻģ
һ嶼̲סЩҡΣۼʦ㣬ӦĵòУȴ벻ʦѾѡһųץһ˵ֱǸĴ
һ֮һ۾ϳһΪƮ칬ʱһƾƮ칬ļŵ֮һ
Ʈ칬ʮӸʱһƵľ磬ѾԪءôȥֻøǿ
ѣûбѡһƵĿһ˵ʦŵǰҲ˵ҪűֻҪвϣǾ㹦ʵⷬڸǣҪúûšңڻĺܺá
ʱ֣һƵϣЦ˵ǰءҪģǿ֣


115 ȸ
һЩŵĿһƣ˵ü˵
Сͺ𾴵ͬʦ㴦Ļǵİͱѣζʮֿɬһӿ
һʦãʵ˵ɣƮ칬ѾڣƾʮˣؽƮ칬ȸ½ϵɣҲƮ칬ٳ䡣һȻ˵ţȻһ룬һãܽ¥Ӫɴĵһ¥һĻҪ㡣
㲻ؽѵһҪ𣿡һ￴һʵ
һЦһƯϣһ˿мı飺ʲôбѣұ˭ˣôƮ칬Ʈ칬ѾΪȥΪʷ̸ѣҵ㣬ǷݴСֻǵĿ֮һ
ǡʲôһͻȻȶžµϣżֵĳǿ¥⣿ǿˣ
һϣڵĴһԸøǰ㵱ʦá⡭ʸǽа塣Ȼû¶ĿһԲ
øҵʦãһ¶ֵЦݣͷһʦ㣬˵
һƵͷ˵һݴУԼҲˣУûʲô壡ûɵ֧ţЩˣҪ磬ֱޱѡô꣬ҲֻͻƵԪؾɣ
һͷû˵
ԣݴУó󣡡һ˵
һЦڳҵз𣿡
ǲǵĳҡһƿһߵӣ¶֮ɫǵ겢ûв뵽Ʈ칬Χ⣬Ҫ˵ĵڶ£ϣܸһ뵽ȸᣡ
ȸ᣿һ΢΢üͷ֣оǳİͬʱָоƺšȸ½ϣȸҪôǲ֪Ҫô㹻ĵ
ԣȸᣬȸ½ϣǿ뱨Ļȸᣬлᡣһƿһͬʱʦ㻹ԸһǿˣһԱˣǡһпҲõˡ
˵ţһƻɨһ۳īʼգһƺߵӣûۿīͳһۡ·ˣУǲڵġ
ȻأһһĨΣյĹâϤӦ֪һŭˣ
¶ϵ裬ͣԳī衭ȴΣҲ̲ˡ
Ȼ󣬽¥뵽ȸȥ㲻õһᱻߣȻģ棬ȻõɣһһҶðɵı飺ҪóԿȻϽ˰˳ɵ棬ȴԵõȸĴԴӦףԴУ޼۵ģ
һߵ˵ǼȻ˵£˵ǲоԵģҲ㹻ʵһԼúɣö
˵ţƺԼ˵ˣǱ͡
īһȴһؼĴʡã
ȸ½ȸᣬ½ãЩǿ˵ǶС
һ￴һһƣ˵ǣǽĵͭҩҲųˣ
һ΢΢һЦ̹ȻĵͷȻĻرôóͭҩҵϡЩ꣬ı仯еȻûиı䣬ϸȴ仯СţʱƯˣҪȷݣֻͭҩˣƮ칬ĵӣвʶģ
ôôȷһȥһʵ
һЦʵ̫ȷҪΪͻȻ˴Ԫ޲ϡôһԪϵĲϣڴжܽΡԣһЩȥһģҲһ½ϵɣ˹ˡ
ԣȷҵݣ˵Ƕջˣһﵭ˵
ҪĿģҵ㡣˵ԪϵĲϣôϡҲҪϾƮ칬ĴУֻһݣԪϵĲϣȴСһ˵
һ¶ֳ֮ɫô˵һӦøеǰɣһʦ㡭һΣԵƮ칬𣿡
һЦֻԵԼ
һ˵˵һƶѾ˵ˣʱˡ˵ţȻ˵ˣȰͭҩҡ
ġͭҩһֱվû˵ĳīͻȻЦŵͭ˲ʧī̧ͷŶһһŮʼ磬̯˫֣һ޹ĵûˡ
ָһƵ۾΢΢ЦЦĿһ벻ôҪĶСϵװúȰƵġ˼骸磬ɱеģ


116 һ
һŭעһƣŭס֣
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һһȻ˵һƣ֮飬޹أߣȻҸߣ
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ǸȼԵõԴһֲ֡
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һƽԼһݴУȫϽɸȸᣬҲŵһͭ߼ܹۡʮִСƮ칬Ĵг׾룬Ӧÿֱӽƽ𼶣
Ǽǲܵ顣һҲûȥ
ҪܽһĴдȥȻϽһ⣬ӦÿͻƵˡ
һƺͻ˵ֱľϲ
ԣѽݹͣԼˡǾݹͳκεıʡһ㣬У
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һ˵ͬʱīһˣһƲû˵ѡȷĲڣǸˣҲȷ۷ǧնǿߡ
죬Щ˰
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һ̾˿һʦãǵġ骸磬ûʲô˵ģְɣɱеģȻɱǸŮʦáһʵףֻиһ𣬲ǳ·
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ֱԼ۾εĸо
ʱ򣬶Էĵ棬Ѿָüġ


117 ӥ
ԭϵĥ£īףݻɽĵ¾Ҫһӳ׷ϵ
ƺڻعһŭ˲䵹ɳȥȻһ⣬Բ˼ٶȣʧڳīߵС
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һ΢΢һ漴˵֪ǿĵҩԽ˵ľ磬ֱʯ֮ʹַô˽ʯ֮Ҳ͵ǵյ㣬ûо塢Щ̣޷뵽ڡ
īͷЩԣƿҩǿԽ˵ľ磬ֱʯ֮ĵҩ
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īЦЦ㣬Ҹľҩˣ
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īŮı飬Цǵûֵҩ֮Ⱳӵ֮·ǵͷˡ
һЩֵĿһ۳ī֪֪ûŵҩⱲҲ˽ʯ֮
һĵҲǡ
ǡīŮЩƣô֪Լôûģ
һЦ㵱˭һӶͻԪؽ㣿ϣôţ˵ǸûôԴȡ֮֮ߵԴҾⱲӡҲֻܵʯ֮
ʯ֮Ҷ롣
һͷǰҲ룬ԣҵĴүǿʯ֮ļƷҩķǳϣܹõʯֱ̫֮ˣȻ֪ļֵޱȰ󣬵Ȼ̲סҪõ
һĭҲǡ
īĵǲڣ˵һ죬ܹߵյʱ򣬲Ҫȥ
һЦЦϣкܶ񣬶ԷգһֻӣȴԶҲɲӥôߵġ


118 ͷͨ
˵ţһһ˫ĵųīⲻ벻⣬⡣ֻӣܺãһֻ׵ӥܸһһӣѾǺ˵һˡ٣˵ǲ
ңǣǰƺʲôеһæش
һһ۳٣ȻԳī˵ɣҵүⱲӣˣ
ʲôҵˡīͷߣȴǽеĵҩƿݸһһŵҩÿʮһţõӦÿһ硣
ٵ۾һգգĿǸҩƿгĽ
īһ۳٣˵츳Ҳݾ
һﵭ˵ҪԼҪʲô
ԭѾ¶ĵĳ⻰΢΢һһһ˵ҵλүԺ϶ҪնȥġҪ׷ֻнʯ֮Ȼǲġ
ЩȵĿųīĬã˵һܿ죬𣿡
Ҳ֪īԺУֳž΢΢Щʹ
һᣬȻȻһЦӣҲһĵҩ֪Ƿأ
īĿų٣ҲҪ
ԣٵһ㵭û֮ǰֻһѵеһѵ˵ľʲôˣʵԼֺγǺˣ֮󣬳ٲĳһˡ
ٿųīԣԸΪκ飡ȻҪ֣Ҫôóǰѵˣٺģ
īüͷų٣Щԥ
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Ҳ˵ֻҪīܹõҩģô˵ϵеҩƳ
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һ죬ҪЩǿУˣõİ취̵ʱ䣬ԼľߡڽһϵΣУƽȹ
Ƽ㣬ݺߣѾˣ
ڵߣϣѾ֮ΪܡǼ׺쳾С
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ȻһЦʻţӵĵĸԸңʯ֮أݺǿѽһ죬㹫նȥ쳾ףҲĸְϣø߿һءⱲܻزֵˣ
һ￴ٵУͣĵСֱ̫ˣգѾм궼ûйִܳˣҪͨһߵǸλã졣
ܹԼһǳѵ飬ܿɹǣССͣѾһ㡣
һ￴ųīɣãңгһգ뿪Ҳᡭô¶һ˵仰ʱĸһ£ĵ׳һĲ¶
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һĿЩͣųī૵㾿ж٣ֵҩһš׻Ƴ֮УҵүŰ갡
ЩĽӹƿҩȻ˵ӣһ֮ҽΪߣǰѵ

صָԭģԼϣīȻЩء֪ԼôǶԻǴ
Ϊʦɽԭ򣬳ī۽ܸߡŵ˵ī۽磬ϣܱȣ
˽⵽ģħǸܵġѧ֪ʶɽĶˣīһʼûΪľŲյ㡣
ԣʶģ˼룬Ҳŵ˵ϡ
һҲ١үүЩˡ
īţԼģҲӦܹԼҪģӦҲҪģ
췢Щ飬óīȻʶһ⣬֮ǰ뷨ƺЩˣ
ߵЩˣǵ츳ǵ۽磬ǵ̬Ѿܴﵽĸ߶ȡ
ôԼǽͻ죬磬ɽ磬磡
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ңҲδϲɵӥĸ߶ȣ
羰ãͬҲҪĴϮ
īڷﾲһϡɰת峿ĵһս䣬ϣһɫԵʱ򡭡īڳһ
¶һ˿ȻЦݡ
ͨˡ


119 
ڶ죬һ𾪵ĺϢ
Ǳߣ۳Ӧõ֮󣬳īߣʣʮƽ
彫ʮƽĽƱڳīǰʱֶǶµģ
ʮֲ˶壬ͬҲŵ˳īȻ֪߽Ԫ޼ֵܰ󣬵û뵽ĿּƷĽԪޣȻĳּǮ
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ѹЩðŶӣðΣգҲҪȥȡԪޡ
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һ˷ܣֹãҿ㼱ţҲʮ꣡ң⻹ǵһүЩԪޣǱ߳㣬һĳƽǧľ޿
ǲҪţһ˵ע⣬ҲùͿơϾûôʺϵ֡ī˵
ͷİү׵ġ
īŶˣȻ˵壬м£
ʵֵģ壬⾳һ֣˵СңֻǷǳϲϰ䣬Ĵ䡣īѾϰ˽壬Ҳϰ֡
忴ųīº͵Цүʲô˵ǡ
һֱûŮҲûʲô֮ˡ˵īСǶġ֮ĸǳã
ȻĻʮƽ־޿īôܷñ˹ԶΣͬڶүүڳīУȻûѪԵϵȴʤˡ
ˣͨһЩ֮󣬳īһȻܴǷɵߵգΪʲôǵƬգɵøأ
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壬Ҳ֪ʦƸ߼ҩľëʦκõġħ֮󣬳īҲѾˣƾڵԵֵЩ籩ꡣɱ֮飬ƵӰٵħϡ
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ʶĽӹҩƿȻЩɵɵĿųīǾҵĳ鴤촽΢ƺ˵ʲôվû˵ڡ
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١ү
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Сƿװģǡܹʯ֮ҩ
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īЦʵѾͨ˵ġ
ʱ䣬īʼ˼æµӡ


120 ҹ
һոս֯÷ȥĴǿ¥ֵˣľƺҪҩġͬʱҪȸǱʱܵı
֯һѾǿŵҩһʵڿͻСÿһ춼д
һһֱǴ棬׼ʲôʱ򾳽糹ʯ֮ҲȹˣٳҲһֱһߣĽٶȣһﻹҪЩ
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ܲҪǣԶ㡣ľüͷ˵磬Щɣ߸׻Ȩƹסȸᡢá乬Ͱ׻ֱ½µĸ½УеĴˣǵĹɣ൱ӣ
ľܶǰõһ棬λǳеһλϣǵĵȼƶȷǳɭϣеȨȼûֱ̫Ԫʯĳǻƽ𼶣ִǰͭġǺ
īЩʵЩɣǱѾԺΪʲôҪһ
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ľ̾˿Եֹ̰ףеЩУʵθڸ󣡵׵ĻȨṩǵԴ㲻ԽԽθʱáȸᡢ乬Ͱ׻Ȼ֡ȻЩϿ϶ǲЩйء
ԭЩȻЩɽġīףΪʲôջ骺һţ޿֡ԭȻǿ֧š
ǶɣһЩСɣͬҲҪԴû취׻ȨеõʲôôԷ׷׼뵽ĸ֯СͨЩ֯ȡԴԹչľ̾Ϣ˵ʼңϵףôĸ֯Ǳߣ֪ܶľ޼ִ̣ʵ֯ˡ
ǰǱǸɵĻʼһûа취ǡī˵
Ǻǣǲ췴ͲˡһΪûй׻ȨҲô˫γһĬľЩĵ档
Ҳ˵½ϣӵŸ׻ȨһȨīʵ
ľͷô⡣
ǣȸˣܵ½Ұõˡ𣿡īʵ
ʱļ̌ͷĿһ۳īλϼ޻Ѿ³ī϶Ǹȸ֮ʲôìܡ
ԣѳīΪ˵϶ȸ̹ˣõˣҲûȥȸ½Ұ֮䣬ͬĳĬ
īͷʾԼˡ󣬳īǣ뿪ȥ·ϣЩء
ľĻ׵ĸ߳īȸ׻ƳīõˣҲѡӶʼߡҲָܳԤ
ѵ˵ֻ˼űī΢΢۾૵ڵԸȻϡĵסȻǲǵģԣӦ취һݵĽ⡣
ʱ򣬳īȻ
Ǹһʵ긻־Լֵǧͭ
Ӧȥݷһءī˸


121 ó
ʱ֮ݳɵʱģĳīҡ׻ƳУΪһƬ
סģҲ׻ƳĵĶ̣
󷢵ĸۡҲңռ㡣ѷɫľۡռ
֣Ҳ˼ɫĴ֡
īֵʱ̲סЩݸߵĸ̣ȷǸˡ
˵Լĸۡȡ֣һЩ飬ҲһЩ鷳󷢵Ѿʮˣȴûйκ鷳һ㣬ҲóǸˡ
īıſڵ¡֮ĳīĸߴ˲СҲܿʳī˭
鷳ͨһ¹ˣ˵֮ǰѣǰݷī˵
ſڵʶĳ鴤һ£ҲǵһôƺԼ˵ġīѶ֣ҵīԺȥͨ

Ƭ֮󣬳īԺﴫ󷢶еˬЦδЦ
ϵܣаȻһ֮ݷϸ硣֪ϸڼҿǿö죡ڣŨüЩ΢ֵһˣһĴӭ˳
ī˿ûκİı֣һĿڣϵܵģȻҳв࣬ôӢ룬ҸովͷԸ˳ӣϽ׼þƺòˣҪҵֵܣúúȼ
˵ţīһ·ĻС
˿֮ǽ˶򷢳ȥȻվڴڿ˼ۣŻתųī˵ϵգΣգ
ī΢΢һ󷢣˵ٴ̽Ϣ˼ģȴлһ󷢣ͬʱѡû뵽һ棬󷢾͸ôһϲ
˵ЩǳˡīУȴһ㶼еᣡ
ܾϲ
ī̧ͷ󷢵ϸô֪ģ
̾˿ֵܣϸ֮ͭ󣬻صҾͺˡ
ī΢΢һ󷢡
˵ɱᣬҲǵӡǧӣ˵ʲôҿ˳۵ˣҲͳȥ
ϸǣī󷢡
̾Ϣͭʱû̫⡣˵ȸ½½Ͱ׻½ģôһˡºҲ֪ǶȻǴȸ½ϣԻ͵Ʈ칬Ķ
󷢵¶ЦʱҾͺˣȻҸϵƽҿϵ˳ۣ뺦㰡Ʈ칬Ǳȸ½ϺܶСģ˵Ʈ칬ӳʮӣʮϣȫžĲƸ
̾˿Ҫģʮϣֱʮ֮һƮ칬У˭ҵʮӣ˭ܹƮ칬ȫС
ī󷢵ϸô֪Щ飿
󷢿һ۳īϵ㲻Ҳ֪ô
֪ʲôѽƽ޹ʵı׷ɱһͨϡī̾˿˵
ЦǺǵĵ˰ɣ˵ǣƮ칬֮Ʈ칬ϹˣһնһۣˡһҲˣ֪١û뵽Уύһôֵܡ
ī˫۾̲סЦ
˭˵Ǹӡ˵ţұ֤㣡
Ǹ׵ıһޱȾĴˣ
ңµͨĴˣ
ðɣǼµȷҸɵģǸǳīҡҡͷЦ˵֮ǰҿȸֶû˵֪ʲôƮ칬
һﻹðɣͻȻʵ
īâ˸󷢡
ЦЦ˵ҸһȻ̸жϤʶġķӦʵʧֵĺܣ˵һĶˣˣóͭĸ顣ԭͦһˣôؼʱ̾͡Ů˰
̾˿˵ϵܲö룬֪£żȻΪϸҡõˣУŻƽϵݣԣ֪£
ʲôõĻƽϣīһǷͬСɡ
ո󷢵ı֣óī²⣬пҲĳȴû뵽õĳϡ
ЦϵЩ죬ҲһЩεġУҪļĿϵĲϻȥͦÿģȷĻȥһижͰ͸㡣˵飬Ҳ͵Ϊֹˡ
󷢿ųīϵţϸҿ϶дᵱǸ൱ѣ˭뵽𶦡Ȼȸǰ˵ųնǻһƮ칬ʮ֮һҲѾкܶˡԣҸݸϢۺƶһ£ԼУˡã쿴㣬Ҳˡϵܣϸ粻㾿˭һᣬǺúúȼ֮󣬱˴޹ϵ


122 
ī۾΢΢ţ󷢣ЦЦվϸ磬ҿƾͲغ˰ɡʶһϸһͭܵܵܲܺޱʾ
ī˵ţӻͳһСƿҿϸȻûʲô󰭣ƽӦ۹ȣᾭͷۡʱ򣬿ͷʹѣ̣ҪñˮͷԻ
󷢵ȻһĨ⣬ЦӵĿųīң
īЦŰڰ֣Ҹϸԩ޳ģϸʲôϸҲؽšϸղ˵ô࣬ȴһ仰һֱû˵ڡ
ī΢ЦǺǣϸܸһͭϢƶϵһݣѵû³˭ôϸôƲϵҲΪԭɣ
󷢿ųī･¶֮ɫ£Ц벻һʮ꣬Ȼݳһʮ꣬˿¶ƶϳģǲϣҾһ䡣ΪЩ飬Ĳȥ͡óϲ٣ͬʱҲһˡ
ϸȻ֪˭ôӦ֪ҵĵҩɣī̾˿һĹϵʵô顣վܲס˵׷顣
Ҳܿó鱨Ҫԣá̾½ϵȻ鱨棬ӵܼǿ
֮ȣī֯Ե̫С˵㡣
īеģ
һ죬ԼҲܳɳ
ī֮Զ̹ȻݣΪ棬űĴ㣡
Ϊī֣λõĻƽϣǸԺˣ
󷢵ͷųīϵҩֶΣȦѾˡûȥϵҩΪһЩδʡˣƺܿ죬ͻҵϵܸϣҩˡ
Ҫʦ飬ǵĳˡī˵һ䡣
󷢵â΢΢һһݣðʱ䣬̳һӵˣ֮֮ҪƲ壬ǡǡҲΪԭ
ΪõĻƽϣܹõ鱨Ϣǳḻ
ȸǱߵˣһֱ׻Ƴǵ鵱Ʈ칬ӵʮ£жš
Ҳ֪ȸ˽ĿһϺܾˡ
ͭ󷢵ȷû뵽ȸųնص֪֮󷢣ǳŭ
Ϊо˽
ȸˣȻ֪ݵġԲ̫󷢵鷳Ȼеʹ졣
˽һҺһ˳۵ˣȸȴҪ鷳
ԣʼ¡鲻֪һһЩëȻ
ΪͻȻ֣һһǸ꣬ռ֤ݣָһˣ
׻ƳǷͷʢĳī
꣬ǰ˴ľ׷ɱǱӳ׻Ƴǣ伣³֣ȴһ߹̬ǿޱȵľȻ󲻵ƨûУľΪϱ
žʹľչҩĵϢ
ЩϢۺһ𣬾ͿԵóһܾ˵ĽۡǸгī꣬ʱӵ˳
ݵ˿óīӵģֻһˡߣ
ǵģɣߣ
ɾ޿ֵΪīǾţҲڽɰ֮󣬾ͳʦԽţԽǻὫʦţиؼһǶɵҳ϶ȣ
ͷɽжߵҳ϶ȣ
˵ĴУȱšī츳׿Ҳһɣͼռ˵Դһ£
ԣֻߣֵӣŻں̵ܶʱڣӷų
νߣӵǿʵȴκɵĴܣ
ˣ½Ȼ֪࣬ģͲʮ
ÿһߣǲĴڡ
ǽ޵еսκһߣӵųĿʵΣǼеߣȻһǣ޹ҡ
ˡµģ
Ϊǿޱȣʲôں
һߣĸû
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õĻƽϣλȨأڵǸУҲųϵݡԽ󷢾Խһ
ǲã
ߵͽܡȻͬǲã
ţȸǱߵˣҪץһΪһ׻Ƴõѣī϶Ӳ
Ȼ˫ʮа˾Żᷢҵĳͻ
󷢿顣
ȸˣ϶Ĳ֪Ǹǳīġ󷢲Сǣ׻Ƴǣǻʼҡδر󷢵鱨ǿ
ԣ˵ǲԸ뵽еУ˵ǵһߣ
ֻڣСһȫûκκ·һɴľͰи˵Ĳ˵ģǫ̈̄ϡ
˵һ˵ô
һ£󷢽ѡ


123 һŵ
óϵݣ󷢺ʹ˸īһϡǵ飬ò룬Ҹ߸·ǡһϸ˵ݣֲô˿Сͨӣ֪īϸ󷢣򲻸Сġ
ֶһܸīɡҩ
һ±طһεѲʹÿһηʹĸоΣҪԼ
ûֲ֪ʹζԼû֪Щһֱߵ¶һΪݡġʵһй
һΪʹĥɵŤ֮й
Ҫһȥͱˡ
ԣҽһۿĲʹضǿʦй۲ëЩʵҪ
ҪǣľûκõëѾȬˣ
󷢶ĵ顣
󷢿ųīӵĹâ
īҲһ̹ȻĿ󷢣峺ɽϪˮ峺Ȼһܿ׶ȴ˲ȥ
һţȻЦҵĳӣǴӹмֲˣǵõ͵ġϵĲ볢
īʱҲЦͷã
һٷ˵ǳԵû졣
ƺͨˣν֣һī˺ܶе顣Ҳģ˵һЩȸ顣
īͬἸԼʦԼСɽ
˵ĳɳҪġû˭ǽƻģҲû˭ͻα
ʮܹ꣬һֱǿų֮ģһֱѪȥⲢܡ
Ϊ磬ĳһ˵ġ
ħھѾǿû˵֣ȻͬѭһЩ򣿲ȻĻҪʲôҩģɴȴһ
ȡţ
׵öࣿ
ףǴҶˣħ
»һЩ飬»Լ˽ġվҪԵġ
ħȻûиī硢ɽʽīȴܸоһ̶ϵĸɾͷͨһ൱Ҫ飡
󷢵ľī˺ܶ౭ȥҲûȲࡣֻе΢
īѪԶľˣˣһЩƣҲûʲô̫ķӦ
˾㷹īȥ֮ǰһƿҩ󷢵ǰϸңһţһʮţһºͷ۲ӦþͿȬˡ
īʱ䣬оԼҩֶΣ󣬷ӦǿʯĹ͡Ϊ˴ҩģˣһĵҩֻҪռڤ뵤ҩ;ҩܿͻ֡
ëԳī˵Ͳʲô⡣
󷢿ԼǰһƿҩһĨ֮ɫ̧ͷīϵܾôң
Ӧ˵ҪϸҲſԡīЩЦЦⵤҩʮһƳ̣κһţϸĲ飬ûκЧáԡϸǲңȥһţǺǡ
īûн˵ȴЩŭĵϵܵʲôˣϵܵҩôỳɣȴڰС˵Цôʲô㲻֪ڻһų˵𣿾Ȼҵ˼޳ܣ
˭޳治˵֮ǰҪԼʶҽúоһ¡³īҪȫγī
īһ˵һΰƵǽǣͬʱҲЩпǸʮꣿ
Ҷˣϸ֮󣬾ͻЧī˵ѣôá
һȻ˵ðɣȻϵѾѻ˵ϣϸҲһ֤׻Ƴǡģȸĵ̣̫ˣñȻӲ
ֱʱóӦеλƣɢ
һԾŶԳؼŵ飬һ㲻򲻵ѣٻȥԽλߣԽˡ
īһȭϸ壬īڴл
󷢰ڰ֣ÿҪǲ̫֣˽µһЩֽţȴ޷顣
ī뵽һͳӦеľ磬ЦЦ˵޷ܲɳľĸְɣ
΢΢һ漴ҡͷܵģ㵱ľĸôʹģ
īЦŵͷǾͺãϸ磬б
ī죬һεջԶԤϡ󷢡ûôˡ


124 һĵҩ
󷢿ųīȥıӰ̲ס˼ã૵Сһ仰ʲô˼ѵ˵ľµˡӦˣôܣǻʼҳ֡飬ʼҿָܳԤ
ɻҡҡͷǲ⣬̲סЦСҪôǿôͰΣ˵ãԺҪأ
󷢹ţҡͷԵĻصԼ䣬ƿҩâСӣʵͦɰġ

뿪󷢵ĸۡīһ£û˶ɴ˳С·ǴԺȥ
ҲѾмûһͳˣ֪ڵһľ硣ǵҩЧīһͳŮӦҲѾ뵽ʯ֮ˡ
ֵҩҩģֵҪǿīԼǮҲδܹõһ֣Ѿ뵽ƷԪҩķ롣һܳɹƳʮֵҩΪּƷԪҩȻĻʯô棬Ҳƾֵҩ
ԣīŮǺĵġ
߹հ˹֮󣬳īǴƧıԺ˽ȥҵأ뵽С
ǱŮȫ䱸ĵǳīŶ˿
īһûŮ״ѾоŮϵʣԸһμʱһˡ
ǳ٣ǸɫŮΪСʹóһֱﶼЩԱСָоδؿóϤ׽ˣԸоٵֲš
һϵֲţԷɿٶȣڼšμīϲķ֣ٵϣһŵЦݡ
ͬʱϵǹʣҲʮָ߹
壬ܶණġŵʣǺ
һı仯էһƺԣս次ʵ̫Ưǵһۿһע⵽ϵ仯㹻˵Ŀܾá
īǸоһϵֱ仯ͬһּǿ֮ţ
Ůī϶¶ϲ飺ӣ
ү
ŮͬȻЦ
īˣô
һչ˫ۣԭתһȦˣȹƮ裬޷ųī㿴أ
ī޵
˭㿴һһ۳ī˼Ҫ㿴ʲô仯
ˣīԵĵ
ûУһлϲȴ̲סĵǸ
ţҲīЦ
Щɬĵͷ˫ΣȻ̧ͷųīӣѾʯ֮ˣҸһ㣬뵽硣һ˵ӵĵҩȴ˵еЩҩ
Ŷī΢΢һȲ֪˵пһ̤ʯ֮ĵҩʲôҲ֪Լóĵҩ档ЩɻĿһ
һͷ˵Ʈ칬ʵҩʦһʯĵҩһЩʯ֮ĵӣΪеĹǸִи񡣡
īͷǴɻ顣ЩӣҲһǳһĺô
Щҩ˵ľ֮󣬲ȹ̣пܸո̤ʯ֮ãͻµ䡣صģ䵽ĲǾһ˵Ʈ칬Ѿȸ½ϵĶɣʮ棬ܹɹĵѾ൱ң⣬ĽС
īһһ΢΢üͷڷⵤҩ֮ǰѾ֪ǰٷ֮ٳɹģΪʲô˵
һЦⲻǳɹ𣿡
īͷߡ
һ˵ҵүǧҪеҪֵҩļֵֻʮ֮һĳɹʣϵҲ׷󡣡
˵ţһһ˫Ŀڳīϣϧֵҩҩ̫ϡа󣬾ɣҲܴʯ֮ĸ֣𡣵ĵҩĿǰΪֹȻٷ֮ٵĳɹˣ
һ˵ѽѽӣ֪ܲԸоԼھȹ̣ҡƺлᣬŸ߲ȥͻأ
ԣһʼΪһ˵ĴһĿȵĿųīǳãȻҲͬĸо˵һ⣡
˵ǿҩʦʦ
ǵ˼ǡǵδֹڽʯ֮īЩԾŮֵҩȡ˵ĳɳ̰
Ļֵҩܱ֤ɹءһ˵
˵Ǿʮ֮أī˵
һ΢΢ҡҡͷȻҲ֪ô£ϾҲû˵ֱͻƵʯ֮ĵҩȴָоүƵĵҩЩһ
ҲͷȻ֪˵пֱͻƵʯ֮ĵҩʲôġⲢŮݳīѾäĿĵز
ʱŵҺ͵ţͻȻ䴫һ죡
ڳˣȫס


125 ŭս
ţȺصĴţȻֱӺ俪һǰײ
һһޱȺصĴţ˲ͣڰգޱȹͣһϣ¶һĨɱһĳ⣬ôһơ
ͣĴţȻԲ˼ٶȣķȻȥ
ٶȣҪԶԶŷٶȣ
䣡
һӰôϱñɻײϡԶûܿһͱײɳȥ
ʱһ󾪺
ţһ󼦷ɹĻ
骣ѣôˣҪҰһŮӴſǻ
ī˶ˣǵ쾪ߵһƣ
ž
һ졣
һĶ˶С
ˣ㲻˵ǿģҲѪѪķһ϶ַŭ
ǱߴһƵĿ
һ￴һ۳ī˵ү֣Ҹٶһֻᣡ
˵ţһԳ˵ãĻˣ
üһ͵ȴʱ
Ůһ˲ʧСѾûŵĵңֱӳ˳ȥ
䣡
¡
漴졣
ī󣬸˳аȺ粻ƫƫʱˡѵ󷢳ң
īַ²⣬Ϊ󷢾ҲӦô졣
Ǳߣ֮ܲǰȸ׻ƳΪΪ󷢽ԼǸŵɴ࣬ʵҲǡǡ˵òϲȸ׻ƳǺ֡
̹ΪĶܵӭ
ţīһȴ⴦ԺУѾչ˼ս
ŮȫͻƵ˽ʯ֮һ޴йۺ졣һƺϳеһˣһ棬ֱӶչ˷Ĺ
һˣ˵ľ磬Բ٣ӦڻƼѪ
ѹƣ
ǳٵսûôḻ֮ڣܽ
һģǸѮߣƺǸոճһƶˡ˿Уŭ;壬һӦһķ񹥻һƿڴһƣˣӦɱ㣡Ʈ칬Ȼǲģ챻㺦ˣ
ǱһǴıֻʣһֱۣѾĻ骣һԲ˾ǳɵһ
˵к޼һƵıѺͳվͬƮ칬ĽãһҧأߵĹø͡ƺҪ˶ŭԹһԵķй
ߵһ磬ͬѾﵽ˽ʯ֮УǿԺߵĴڡ
ȸУҲһƽ𼶵ĳϡ۸ڶκ˷һαҲҪǿһϵƮ칬ϡ
ϾһĹͣƽϣ಻ס
ȴû뵽ԭΪȴһ֡һšֱһ档
ƯŮˣȻһ۾ϳǵΧƮ칬ˡĹܡ
Ůˣɱ㣡߷ŭͬʱʼչ
Ͼǳ꣬ǿԼһʯ֮ǿߡһһĶ֡
һѾˣ
ȫһҪļơ
ȴûȻܷŭһʱģû취һ
ǱߵĳٴСͱԬְɱֶΣҲݣųٽΣɱЩ飬ٲҸīԼٲǸɱ˵ĹԹŮ
ˣһ֮ս˽״̬˫ָ֮ʱһҧеĽʮɵһɨԷֱ𿪡
ȻͬŮһ㣬ն𡣽ţӸ£ŶԷѪߴȥ
ʱѪߣ𿪣˫۷飬ǿŴ֮ʡԳһȫûκܵĿܡ
ͫ׷Ŵ󣬷һ־Ľ
ۣ
һôѪߵʺ֮ϡ
һ̳ٷߣҲȥī飬ֱӳߣȵ㣬㣡
䣡
һʯ֮ϢȻ
ԭѾ⣬񿴼һòҲƯùֵŮȻҲʯ֮Ϣʱһ
ôܣ߷һŵľ
ѵ˵ʯ֮ߣѾض
һ£ǳûս⣬תߡ
һҧгݣϷŹһߵļͷ
Ǳ߳ٴһһߵüġ
ңһޱȣɽ
ͲһʮŮܹʩչʽ
ٵ棬Ѿƽ׼һս֮󣬾͸ӳ׳Ĺȥ
Ŀǰֻնߣ
һദӲȴãáһҲʮ˽⡣ߣҪǸһгĻһ
߲ܻãһܣȻǰлγޱεľ档
·һһʯ֮£һĹܲˡһȻһٵţ
Сˡȥ


126 նɱʯ
ò˵߷ǳǿսľҲ൱ḻһͬĶ֣·£Ȼַܹ
ۣ
һһߵļͷѪš
ֻǷһƺߣʯ֮ǿһ̣չֳǿ֮
һȻߵļͷڴ̵ߵļιʱһʯ֮ȴȻٴ̽ȥ
ʯ֮ʯƽ
ͬʱƴһƣȴҲѾĵٵš
һƣɽѹ

˵һͷ˵Ӱ죬һ̺ǿȻԿɽʯ
ɱˡȻ⡣
ΪʹҲΪŭϵı飬üŤ
ޱȵĺˣ
ɱǵأ
ʱ򣬳ȥܣѾЩˣ
ȻСܸѵʵս鲢ḻֹȥ붼Ľʯ֮ǿߣվкܴǷȱġ
ʯ䣬ٵͷЩȻԲ𣬹ӣٶܸ̹׹ȥɱˡ
ʱһӰȻڳٵǰһɽССĳ٣ȫ
飡
꣡
һ졣
ɽһȴȻǣ
ۿŵǰĳīһȻ󣬷һƺߡһѵȴȻǰ棡
Ӱޱȸߴ
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֮˭ûѧأ˭ὫԼȫдϣ
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һ۽ǣһĨ֮ɫԥһ£˵ˣ㱳ʦţҡȴɱ㰮ˡ˵ӦúҶЩ
һҡҡͷĿһۻĻ骣˵ûйҸûʸ㡣Улл㣬Сʦãҵõ˽ѡ


127 컯Ū
ţһʱһ
ٺͳīҲһ㶡
īʱóһҩȥ˹ϢȻЩֵĿһơΪᣬһƺȫһˡ
һܺ棬Ϊʲô뵽ȸᣬΪʲôһɣһ૵Բ֮ǰƭ㣬ʵȸ棬̫൱ǵĳˡʡΪӣֻôش㣬ΪҲ롭Ĳ롭һʦŵͽһʦõĻˡ¡ġ
ˮ˳һƵһȻ˶ԲʦŶԲ飬õԭ¡˵ǲҵı⡣
һƯŰ˵Ĺâһƣû˵
һԳЦЦˮϣ֪ʱ˵ʲôʵ޷ҷµĴ󡣵һ룬֪ࡣҲ롭࣬Զ׵α֮¡֪
һȻû˵ֻǾĿһơ
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һ̾һʱһΪԼԶȸ½ԶƬǷ֮ءԣҴӴгȲҪ֪Լںη
һԼҲһ
ˣһһ˵仰һ½ˡҡҵ겢û뿪ȸ½ֻǴ͵ʦ֮һط˻骡
˵ţһƿһԼ棬ѾýӲĶӣһ᣺ңǳãǰ˳Ҳ֪ҵһ棬ʵѾ³ҵݡΪʦţҲ˶Ʈ칬ĹǸʱûʸ뵽ǳսȥ
һЦЦĿ⣬ڻ骵ϣȻ³ҵݣȴδʹҲδἰƮ칬֡Ƕʱ䣬ҲһУֵһʱ䡣ֻϧþ
һƵ¶ֿ־֮ɫʦЩƮ칬ǰܿƮ칬ʮӳӵ飬Ҳױȸ½˷ܸ͡оǶʱ䣬أͬ;ᡣ
һЦЦ֪ҵƢƮ칬ĵӣʵûôӡϲ˻骣ΪѡѡҳϻǶ԰̹ϵ£ңѡ˺ߡҶ˵Ҿʮ֮һҽȥɣ
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һƿЦ£ܴ󣬿ĵطȴûУ߲ãʦžͿʼչ׷ΪߵˣҺãһøףУҲλȨأеλ׷ǰ棬ҵǡ
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һƵͷǰʱҲֻȸᣬܱסǡΪǸ˵ȸᣬȻǸûиȸΌʸʵǸʱҲȫûѡҪôҪôһ𣬼뵽ȸᡣ
һƿһҲԡֻЭȸᣬҲô׽ģԸ⽻ǷݴУҲÿԸԸҡϾȸ棬̫ʦŵĳҡ
һͷǰ㣬ЩҪˡ
ǴΣǻ骵ĸףĴѰҹϵ۵飬һþŰǰŽȸСһǸʱҾѾˣһҵˣΪҲһУôܲжԣΪ׳Ҷϧ
һһ˵ô࣬ƺҲһЩŻӣ˫ãȻҲ˼ɣԻ骵ʵʵӦȸĸ߼ִˡΪһЩȸ˰һֱûеõһΣԭΪܽǷݴеõٵõ¥⡣ͿһΪĸ߼ִˡԲʦãԭҵ˽֪Ѿʦá㲻Ҫһ֮˼ƽ𣿡
αءһ￴һƣ̾˿û˵Ҫɱ㡣߰ɣȥ½Ҳãȥ׻½Ҳã֮뿪ɣԽԶԽáԺеĶԹԹ޹ء
һĿһ죬ֿûʲôӦĳٺͳī󣬲ҡͷЦ̾˵ûȻǸСŮˣáΪˣʸѡԼıģҡûô
Ȼҵ񣬵ûôҵִܹʵЩ꣬ǻл᳹ģϧˣ˵һ¡ɱȸһƽϣǿ϶ưոݡȻȸ᲻̫֡ǻǻ뷽跨ɱǡУСĻ骵ĸף֪һᷢġ
˵ţһóһöָӸһĵҵǷݴУͳȥġǸкЩ͵͵ĶءǺǣûʮ꣬Щ˸ֲˡ⣬ҲΨһԵʦŵˡʦãʦһ¡һ𡭡лл
ʦһӹöָˮҲ̲סһʦ㣬ѿڶ
ʦãԲҴˣӦõıӦ骡ȵңȥˣһ˵ţȻɵϴ󣬽ţһѪġڻϡ
ʦ㡭ˮ˲ģһ˫ۣǧζӿͷʵζӳ£ԣȴʹһ˲޵ӡ
īͳ٣ҲȫĬ


128 Ʈ칬ʼѧԺ
ˣԿ࣬λкξ塣С㣬Ϣɡ骣ȻնһۣϣҲȡйϣһ磬ܵõѡ
һ·أīվڷǰ˵š
һȦվڳīߣʦ㣬ȻҲͬѡ񣬵⡣ҵİˣҿ϶Ҳ㣬ȻûаƮ칬ͳȥôûбʦšңѾԭˡ㰲Ϣɡ
Ѿȥ죬һͳī˽骺һư׻ƳʮһɽϡһڶĴ󽭣ˮǲ
ȸһΣڳһĿУȻһƽ𼶵ĳϡ¹ȸϲ㣬
õķӦҲǹ죬󷢹ȻǸ֮ˡߵ֮󣬵ڶ죬þֱӦ׻Ƴеȸҵһ٣ȻǴŹ׻Ƴǡ
󷢰дݸīϢīһЩ֤Ӧûƭ
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ΣһɳˣȫѾˡԣѾͻƵʯ֮Ϣʱ֪ī˸ȻɺˡߣŪݣ
ݣһü΢ЩĿųī
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⡭ôһЩɵ˵ţУȴ¶Ķ֮ɫ
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תͷһ룬һ־óī˵Ļͦеġ
ǰû˹涨ɾһҪɽĵطƮ칬ѾûˣѾˣʱҪؽƮ칬ͱҪʤһﹾţԽԽóīĽǳС
īЦŵϢһȥ϶Ȼ󲨡ʱҲְֻĳ档
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ī˵ǿϣСɣһ֣˵дƮ칬ʼѧԺ
һһ͵Ŀųī
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129 Ժ
˼ˣǽûʼҵ壬һԼɡȻУͽԼǰɣһ￴ųīէһƺЩҲЩ˼顣ϸ룬ǻʼǱ߿ϴӦĻôпܳɹ
ҪûʼǱߣȥī˵
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īͷǵġ
Ʈ칬ȸ½ϺܶǿӲȻӳʮӡԴһݴУԶ硭΢΢üͷһֻ֣ߵǰ૵Ҳ˵Ųĳң
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īŻϣ΢Ц˵ԺΣԺľƮ칬ʼѧԺԺѧԺÿһѧĵһ£ǽܴĵĻʼҽ


130 ䷸
ԺʣԻϵǣȻ˲˳ī˼
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ԸأǸӡأҲûܹܵˣ
䷸īһ䣺ֲġЩˡ
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һȻһЦѾõĽ˰ɣȻĻôƤ½һˣ
˵ţһӳīүлл㣡


131 
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ѧԺּΪ˲š
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ֻҪ츳ϽģһȰҵģôʸ񣬳ΪƮ칬ʼѧԺĵӣܳΪڹͥǺӵܣһͬʣ
ϢͬһףڳĴģȻը졣

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133 ͻ
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134 ³һ
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ۿЦֲҪ˶ҲǱӦɡ֮ǰСһΣһԭѾȷ飬ȴǱˡ
СˣûãӢһ˵µԴͷǳīǸСУѾ޿̡ۣ취ҪīСҡʬΣ
ɫŤĻ֣۵һĨǡ
ӢѾܾûǰƹˡ
ʱֵȻҲһЩࡣ˵һ൱ϸ̫ӡҲĸԸԼԭԵõһУȥ硣
ԴȥǴ¼֮Ӣ̬ƺ˺ܴת䡣ø˵±ؽϣңԸҲر
ΪλߣʹøֶΣԺڡԺݡԺܶ񶾡ﵽԼĿġ
ͬʱȴҪһػ
ۿϣɱ֣֮֮ȷȷʵʵ֮⡣һЩԹҪƽϵ̫λ˵ûԶĳˣҲûԶѣֻԶ档
񸸻
ѵľôϲī裿
Ĳһ
ϲ϶Ҳǰ֮š
֮⣬Ͼīһ׵Ĵܡһ꣬κһλߣ¶ȫΣ
Ʈ칬ʼѧԺ飬ʵһԵӡ
ЩӢƺҲȥԴӶǶԳīʹޡ
׳Σհ
۵У̲ס̾˿˵ܶ຦˵ļı۳ġãԴ飬Ҫáһʱһʱ̬ȡ
ʲôʱ򣬾Ҫ˵ʲôĻ
ʱȥԳīһܲǵľٶ
ЩڣӢȢһȻĻ̫Ҳʹ޳ī
ô㲻ͬҵ뷨۾þóĬӢЩһĨ֮ɫ俴ۡ
΢΢һ漴˵ͬȻͬīȷ
ҲΪɣСһǣӢ̬ܵܵȣҧ˵Ǹʦٲµһʱ䣬Ӧò׻ƳڡǿߣôܾþףֻҪһȫ֮ߣõˮ͸ôһܹɹ
۵ͷ˵Ʈ칬ʼѧԺҪġһѾˣôЩУпܾڳīϡȻôȥ󸸻ʡ
󸸻ʣӢһĨɻ
˵ԣȥ̹У˵ī֮䣬졣һͷĴ̣ĸѿȻĶ̫Ӹδһ￹ּ룬Ծ֮ҪЮѩϡ޷ˣӦ䡣
ô˵ôӢЩԥĿۡ
۵ͷ϶ԣϾǴĴȫޣ˵ġɲԼѵϾйֻҪʱļʾԼȫûκλ֮ġţġ
ţ˵еʵĵģҵҰġֻҪҽеҰģȫȻ󸸻ʣ˵ī衣Ȼδӣīƭߡţʴ˿̣϶ҲǼΪŭģӢԽ˵۾ԽԽ˵Խ˷ܡ
վһԣ֣̾£ĳˡʴӦ㣬īôλãҲͳȹˣ
¡һɣô̫֮λҲ᧿Σ
ҿ²ɵĿԣʮ֮˾ţ
Ǹ⺦Լ׸磬ʵǡ㣬ѾʺϳΪһ֮ˣ
Ӣȴȫôô˵϶ףϣвԼӵĸףֻӢһ£ҡôԣ
飬ȥԼã
Լ飬Ȼӱҵ
ҵô
ӢҴҵʹȥҪȥߣ
ͬʱʹУҲڴ
øѩ㾹ȻΪ޵ŮȻ飡㡭ˣ㻹޵𣿡մŭŭǰǸŮ
ŮﷺŵˮЩίѾʧѩ
ѩԣվһɫѵŮӡ
ŮӣҲͶʮ꣬ƯƤãոհ˿ǵļһϸۡ
ϸȥŮӸѩ֮䣬Ű˾ŷֵ֮
ʹѩŮĿڣҵŮϣȥġҲûʸˣܿڣҲɱһ׵ġø


137 ̫֮
ۼû˻ţȻ˸ڻʹвһ֮
ϵǣӦŭɶĻϣһȻǵͨ죬ͷһű
ƫƫģȻû˵һ仰
ߣ
ʹͻȻ䴫һߣɵšͿ޼ԡ³һɡĽѾãüˣЩ֪ɷдһ
ŮЦһд裿㲻䣡д裬ֻɱˣ
ÿʹһŭĲ
ţһ磬ͻȻ䴵䣬ֱӴվŮӡ
籾Σ磬ȴһָо·һ
ɢޱǿҵɱ
䣬
㱾£Ҳ˼óԣŮ˵ţһӡ
ʱ΢΢һ·һɺ˲ָ
ʹȴͻȻ䴫һƺߣȻԵѹʹȻ˹
ѵٸǿͷϾɱ㣡Ůӵ˸űĹâ˵
˵꣬һɫĻϣ̲ס˵ˣѩȻְ࣬ɱ㣡
С̡ѩЩ߹Ůӵֱҡҡ
ˣһƷӵİ࣬ʲôŮЩŭĵһѩȻ˵ߣ
˵ţһۻϣ˵סӽһĵӡҪٸҶκ˼ҾԻɱ㣡ĵģӦףɱ㣬ûܾȵ㣡
˵꣬ٿһۣѩһ˲ⷿʧ
ţУͻȻŮһߣҲȢͽܣ
С̲Ҫѩŵ
࣬㻹֪𣿰ǰǼ£㣡С̵ǰĶ⣬ͬҹƻ磬ԼõޣάǵԽԽԶȴʳǡ
ˣ

ʱһҽУŴ棬Ȼ
ϴʧɫΪҽоȻ̫Ӣ
飡
ֱƿųȥǰһĻĿѣ̲סŭ
̫Ӣͷɢֻ۾ѪѪ˳Ѫʡ
ಣ
һӰ˲ڻߣһ̫ࡣ
˿̣̫У¶ǿҵ֮ɫѾߵĻӲ˻ȥ
ԭ˵ʹλľĴܣˣҪչꡣ˾⻰ȴô˵ڡΪ˵ϻֱӱ
ʱ򣬴Ĺӿ
̫״ŭһ£
̫ӱ˻ȥ˫Ŀ¡ʱ򴫳ȥ
ӢѾ۵ÿҪʹȥϰ
ϵӻΣҲҪŻʹȥ˵ɫһƬҡＸһƬհף
ֱʱʶǿɣ˵ζʲô
ޱȾη׻Ȩ˼Уȫûκηֱ
㣬һͷ͹ˡ
ޡޣҧ˵ȻһѪ

ôĵ۹ĵ̫ӣһ˫۾ȥ
ڵһʱ䣬ʼҾͽ˷ϣв͸ǽ
ͻŮӱ̫ӵһɤӡϱµŭͻ̫һ¡Щۺһ𣬾ǲ£Ҳܲ¸˾Ųʮ
˵ʱۿ̫ӵֻ۾Ѫˣһ
漴ڴ֮ǰЩϢѾȥˡ
ʹ棬վб˵ߵġ
ˣ׻ƳǵѸٴֻˣһޣǾǣҪ´ȥ
ʵҲǻϵĵޣ
̫ߣƽﶮϲԣһ̫˵Ϣ̫ӱ˵ĴԻʼҵͬޱȳصĴ
һ̫ӣڻʹУȻ˻ȥ˫Ŀ⻹˵ã
ʹˣġаȫ
Ȼʸ֪µ˲࣬ݵλģǼ֡Щˣȫ˼
һϹ˵̫ӣٸߣôܸɣҲܳΪһ֮
ԣ̫ӡ϶Ҫˣ
ô˭
⼸죬ǱԪ˧ͨĸϣǵڸ׸ĸϣȫذݷõ̤ż
һʱ䣬׻Ƴǰ̫ƽı֮£ӿ
վٴ˳īĸϡ
ֵˣԡ
ãŵ졭
īڰ֣ҶֵܣȥͲ˵ˡ
˵Ǵүүҵ˵㷢𣬵ȷҲԡ룬ҪԭҵĿѹûǿ
ѾȥˣһҲѾȫˣ£ͲˡīЦ˵
ųī΢΢üңһֱûţ
īͷ
ЩȵĵңǸԣһ㶼֪ǵ鱨ȻûôǿѾʼУ
˵̫Ǽ£īЦЦұ֪硣


138 ǳī
ƲƲ죬һŵĿųīЦСڸ磬Ǻ£̫ţֳЦŶ鱨֯ȻҵĳҪ𣬿ϢȴҪڵһʱ䣬ܵģ
īһϢ
һţʹ˸ͨ籨ţôܣ
īЦһ£죬ǸͻȻԼǰŮˡ
ǸŮˣʶŮߵѩʶġԣīһʱ䣬Ͳ³Ů˵
ɵˣ
Ǹ˵дӲеˣͻأȴرóīģǰ
ǳīŮ˺ᣬٿȥᡣ
ʮӣƤ󣬳úһ䣬ǱǷܶǮֱ飬óīЩ
ǣǳīīͷ
£һѩҵŮұʾл˵ţŮֱóһƿҩڳīǰĵҩһ죡ֱӽ뵽ʯ֮ѩĶ飬㹻ˣ
ī΢΢һһԵѩҲЩס
عĳīޱĿŮӣҾѩʱ򣬲֪ݣ˵ɵӵݡǻʼҹݣҶԣҴûҪʲôر
ҵǰչߺͽʲôҺŮЩмĿųī˵ĶҪȥ˲̫̰ΪȹѩҲԸ˵仰
īЦڰֵ̫߹ޣСӸʲ𣬻ǸϽɣȥȥˡԶͣ
ˣƿһҩߣҲҪī˵
ͦԸǰɣҪͲҪԸ㣿ŮһӣƿҩʧȻעųīлˣҪ˵ڶˡ
īһ۱Ůӣ΢΢ü鷳㲻Ҫ˵ܾϣûʸú˵סҲǷʲô
Ů΢΢һǴû˸˵űϣԴƬ̣Ȼüһ˵Ҹ˵˵öԣȷûʸ񡣡
īŮֱ˵ˣҪ˵ʲô֪ԺѩԶǰɣ󡲻Ҫų⣬ԲԣҴӦ㣬һԶԶġϽǰʧﲻӭ㡣
ǱԭһΪѱ飬Ҫ廰ЩҲѩ⻰һʱ԰ҧ´ҲһˮɫЩȻ
ŮȴЩĵͷУīһֻϡ
ϵϲŭ֡Ҫ
һ£˵ͻߣΪϲŮӿųīѩһ֮䣬ϵ£㲻ҪѩԶ㣬һǱߣͬҲˣ֪һȥйһĽǹȥ׵һѣɵһѾ˵𣿡
ī棬ȻȼӿŭԺУһθֳڳʱһĻĻ
ԣīЦȥƺЦúܿġ
ѩ̲סЩȵĿųī֪ЦЩʲô
ŮӿųīޱĵܺЦ𣿡
ЦŵĳīͻȻ䷢һŭȡ
ѩŵһ£ŮҲŵһ㶡Щ˼Ŀųī
˻𣿻˵ѾˣīһĨȱĹâעűŮҽҪظ
㡭ңЩˣĿɿڴĿųī
˸Դ
ǴĵĻʵۣȫҵ˵˾ɱĻ
һʮ꣬Ȼ̬ȸ˵
𣿡īĿҸ֮䣬κιϵôΪԼ˭߸ϵoѩҲᣬ͵Ҵûоȹûм
Ҹһ֮Σƨ£ʲôһƿõĵҩ͸ǰŪϹӻɵӣһľ㲻ôһô뵽ʯ֮ģƮ칬Ҫֶô֮ʹãī䣬۾ŭ⡣
㡭Ȼ֪һľ磬ȴûһľ磬īʲôϵ
һ磬ӦʹƮ칬Ľʯ֮֮⣬ûеڶֽ͡
֪ʵǸóɡˣΣ޷ţī꣬ʲôҩҩʲôֲɣ
ʲô㣿ôǿӲΪǷɵôΪľʵô治֪˵֪Ǹ˵ī俴ͻƵôʲôʱͻƵ쾳磬˵ϵ˶ϰɣ
㵽˭һԾĿųī˵ֻġˣô֪ľ
īȴֻۿԳЦЦǳīȫһ˶ѡ


139 ʦ
ⲻܣƺıϣҲ̲ס¶һ˿ŭı飬ŭ㵱û𣿸ոǵĻʹһʲôƨ̫ӵ۾ݺݽѵǵĹʵһͨǲˣ
ҲǡīЩ𾪣ɫȴƽעǲҡ
⻰һʱ˵һ֮Աǣȫмһˡⷬӳī˵ȴľսĸо
·ڴţڲһʵ
⡭ôأ
˼⣬ɽĿ⣬ͶԵѩͬʱҲЩڣ֮ǰЩˣûеī
ѩҧ´ЩԥĵӡһĵҩӦþǳƵġκľëǸҸ˵ġ
ѩɫ糺죬˵
ʲôһ£Щˣһۺĳīвɷһ£ѩ˵ʵ걳󡭡һȫѷɫҡĿƺȫѹҵĴڣĪǡ죿
Լ²һʵԽԸ߾ľηԽǿҡΪΨнӽŻף˸һ㾳ˣǶô
ֲҵĻ˴ķĿһ۳īȻ֪ԼܵǿЩֲꡣҪڸ˵ǸȴǾܵġ
ˣѩһʧڳīķС
ǰһߣīʱһƨϣĴڴϢǸŮ˸ѹʵ̫
ǰŵУݳһ֧ƿڴǿӲŮˣҲûǸ
ƼŲ㡭ľĴʦ
īûôǿˣȻħ⡣ħʦֲܶʲôѹ
һŮˡǿ¡ī̲סһ䣬ʱޱǿӲʵȴǺŮĶ֣ûκη
棬߱ҲȷնκαУԼվûôǿ
̬ǿӲһǺеϡ֪֮еġ
ԾôǿŮ˶ûиоʼգīƿ档
飬ī̲סЩ¡
ǸŮ̫Ӷˣʵ۶ƺûʲôġ
һ𾪵Ŀųī˵ϻбȳǿɣȻǿߣǰֱˣ
īͷȷ
Сڸ磬ҷˡīǸŮӵľ֮󣬶ŵһͷ亹
֪īƭҳī˵ЩһЩز飬ܹϡ
īҡͷЦʲôģ̵ģ޷㣬һҾȹѩǸŮȻǿӲܿɱ޹ĶˣҵʦЩɵҡһͷɱҡ
ô˵ܰһ䶥ǿ߸ߣı£԰ˡЩĽ˵
̫ӷˡųī˵ܶ͵͵ȥҼҼүүż̤ˡ
¸޹أȥ͡īһȻ˵ӦҲˡ
Уʵ
īͷǵġ
㻹ҪУͻһ̫ӵ飬ȻѾȥУԻϵԹȻһǰ㡣
īЦЦ޹أ
֪īҪУһΪ˱Чңһ棬ȴΪѪɷ֮
Ŀģͻ
ҪõѪɷ֮õĵطս
սɱԽ࣬õѪɷ֮ҲԽࡣ˵īɱԽ࣬󷽵İղҵ
ųīðɣһ֧ġĺˣ׻ƳߣҾǡһѼҿá
īóһƿҩһͶԼٵ飬Ӧ֪ڣⵤҩʣһƿľ磬ֱʯ֮ľչЩҩģľʡңٹܶ꣬ҩˡԣҪУֵҩʱڣǲˡ
⡭ųīīⶫ̫ˣ
Űɣõֵܣûеܾī˵
ãҾͲˡӹƿҩ֣صķŽȻȥ
Ŀǰľ磬Ҫµʱ䣬ⵤҩҩҪӵнʯ֮սûмʱ䡢սĥ£Ͳܣ
˵̤붼Ľʯ֮ѾĶˣ
Ķֵͣܵġ
ոոȥǱ߶ӵۣ͵á
Щ΢ĳޱȡ


140 ۵˼
۵ܼ򵥣ʾãϵǸ
ȥĺܶ飬ҳıߵģʵֹϵ󡣡ۺ̹ȻĳһԳīļ¼
īĬĿۣʵһ㶼λӡΪã֮䣬ûʲô˵ġ˫ĶԹȻ̸ƺҪ⣬Ҳһ顣
ǰľǴξˣλԷļжȫǳȡġǸƢٺõˣҲŭ˵īƢûôá
ιҪǸӵǸ֮ǰ飬ȷҵĴҲһʾ͵Ǹˡ˵ţȡһƱϡ
īɨһۣ˵һǧǴֱʰ
֪ⲢȫҶԳӵǸ⡣ֻСһѡ˵Ժ󡭡ţӻῴҵĸ⡣ۿųī˵
ī룬˵һʼҾûԹǻʼҡ
۵ͷǣһֱԳӡ
ڣֳ¡Ϊ̫ӣīֱ˵ʵ
۲ûзϣǿųī΢ЦӾΣ
ǻʼҵ飬һʲôϵīۣȻ˵⣬Ѿˡ̫֮λҲȥӰʲôҲûǸӰ
ǫˣСۿЦûĸʮ꣬ǰλġôС䣬õڸ׸Ԫ˧ҲҪ¡
Ҫ˵ǱߣԳīһֱõ̬ȣ
˵мҲдͻһֲۣԳī̬ȣȴһֱûй仯
һˣҪӰĵĳδؾͲܡ
īۣУҲȥ˵ǻʼڲ顣Ҳȥ£ǵ£ϣҲسŵԺң
۽ʵҪľǳī仰û浽ΪԹһ˵ƱԷͻ᳹׸ɸΪ񲯡Ҫûס
ֻҪī£ô۾㹻İգȡ̫֮λ
ô꣬׿Ļӣ̲סҪĻ̨ǰ
۸ȥ֮󣬳īһڷ˼˺ܾá
ϣ¶һ˿Цݣ૵ȥĶȫȤҪ飬ֻһʦռҩģȡʦջع顣ʦӿຣнȳڶϵԼȡ̵ʱ䣬ʵ쾳磬Ȼգ硣꣬ҪңУȡԼүүϼΡ˼ңгһߺҲܰꡣ
ԣ䣬ٶ飬īᡣīֻҪϵŬȥʵԼÿһĿ꣬㹻ˡ
Ʈ칬ʼѧԺѡַѾѡã׻ƳģʳǵߡռǧĶأԭһƬ޴Ļʼ԰֣ʳ֮䣬ֻһǽ
ΪѡַҲɷѿˡЩ᲻Ƭ԰֡óΪƮ칬ʼѧԺĵַľ
ٹ֮ȥƶһ飬ٶȣ൱˵ġ
ԣֻ˲һµʱ䣬Ʈ칬ʼѧԺѾ׽ǣ
ʱ䣬īÿʮһεԪѪԡ֮⣬ʱ䣬Ʈ칬ʼѧԺߡָһЩ顣
һȻѾˣѧԺȴһȫϣ
īһʧƮ칬֣ΣҪϳ֡Ҫ
ƹܵ֯鱨ʼá
ܱһʱ䣬׻Ƴг˺ܶ಻ݵˡźͿԼ鱨ԱռĸۺжϣЩˣӦȸ½
īϢЩͷۡ
ܲ³Ⱥ˵ݣҲ֪ǵĿġһȻѾˣȺ˶ǳŴġֻҪƮ칬ʼѧԺһϢû취
ԣҪȺȫ򷢵ûô򵥡
֪һԽɣͲŪʲôƨѧԺˡī̲ס棬תһ룬¸Ʈ칬һԸҲûʲôɱԹˡ
īȥһһλξֽһ˻ʹλ̫һ档
û֪ī̸ʲôξλ̫࣬˼Ʈ칬ʼѧԺĸԺ
īʹʱ򣬸ոλ̸̫꣬Щĳˡ
Щ㲵ĻϣɫĶԳī˵һλˡ㡣
īЩ֣һۻϣֿһλ̫ࡣ
̫Ϊڵľܡ֮ǰ̫˵ʱλǰҲ˵ˡӰſ
ľĴܣ
ī۾΢΢һУĵּܰƮ칬ʼѧԺӵĻӦûװɣ
󣬳īͷãȥλǰɡ
ϵϣ¶һ˿ϲɫԴųīһ°
·ϣϿʵīá˭ʺϳΪ̫ӣ


141 
īЩƲһۻϣƲƲ죬˵ѩ
֣Ҳ֪īڷܣ̲ס̾˿Ĵӿһѽǧꡣ̫ǿһ㣬֪޵ڣҲ綼֪һֱ֮Ĺϵڱϵͬʱо衣
ȴûˣ޼ɵ̶ֳȣϵУһĨŭɫͬʱģƺмֻ⡣֪λ޼ɵˣī֮䣬Ҳ档֪ǸǿǿӲޱȰԵŮˣīӲߡ
Իϵֹī˳ĬԻʼҵ飬ȫûȤͽȥ
ʵ֪ҹ㡣ͻȻ˵
ī΢΢һ漴ЦЦӢ
ӢʲôӢԼĶ㹻ôϵϣ¶һĨԳЦݣ漴˵ʵһֱ޾֪۱Ӣ
īͷ
ͣ½ŲųīޡȴΪ̫ӣ
īǳ˳飺Сʲô⻰Ӧø˵ɣ
ܶ˭ȥ˵ϵͻȻһĨį֮ɫޡܸ׸˵ܸԪ˧˵ǡܸ⳯Ⱥȥ˵
˭Ϊ̫ӣǻʼҵ˽¡ī˵
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143 
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144 
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145 
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146 а
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īЦЦ˵ϸȻΣҲ㣡Щˣˡ
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147 
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֪Ҳ̫⡣һֱصųīһ仰һˣϣϸҡ

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īʦʮа˾һߣõıͬվһߣ
ԡ͵ܣĲϸ翴㣬ҪãʮĻѰٱ󷢹һ䣬̲סҡͷ̾Ϣ

ĺɫУīߵĲ죬ͬɢһ
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󣬳īֽ٣ʱ䣬͵һ㣬Ҫߡ
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ĵǣһ㶼û١Ů˵ֱһٸоīʲôī˵Ҳûа취
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ƨһеСƨѣеļƷҩƴĶѻҲͶѻԪصľ硣Ĺ½Ƕ׹ңʹߣҲǻƼ߲ľߡֵָȷǸ鷳ôСƨ
ֿϣ׻ʵҲܴӦҸаģ˵ʵ۶ҪȫУԼİΣκ⡣
ҹɫУܶ˶ڰţ²īôʲô
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148 ƽҹ
һμīڷСʱĳīһİꡣ
ֱ۷壬ϢۺƶϳīͲţǸ꣬īаϵ
ȻͲ󡭡˵̫ᣬǸꡣȴӲҶԳīаС֮ġ
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˭СһʵĿ
ԣȥԵ飡ѵʦˣ󷢵۾͵һ
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ҪĽడ̲סһ
һѾŶģ֪ΪΣȻȻֳ嶯ͣƽȶѪҺҲͻȻҪĸо
ܽͱһϸҵһкηۣվҡʱҲҪһЩˡ
ȻҪųīһͱûóīԼš
ܵøʲôУ󷢹ţû뵽صС
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ߵˣ˵ҲŽܵϵȿǵģȴõ档Ȼɵ档Ҳó֮ѾµĹء
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˫֮䣬һ־ˮˮĬˣҲĬĬĹ۲š
֪ϣī÷ͨƳ֮Щסˡˣͨ˸˹


149 ǧ׷
ͨˣһ˯õǰȡʵҲֲǣǵ˼ϾڹҲϡȻʮֿسīܲ˶ųīһһ
һϳʱ䶼ûͱϽ˶Щɻ
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150 
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Ⱥǿ˵ʲôжֿǧҹа˰ٵǿߡ
ǣеǿߣӦðī갡
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ܡɫĹâ˵һ·ϣСµĺۼд
ǰСֱ̫ͻˣ콣ŵĳĳ˸ҧ˵治֪ʲôҶƮ칬ǺϤ֪ôôоⲽĶ
ֱֹܶ౶ԽɵĹ˵ţһ۸ϣǳľҲûôɣһСƨȻӰӶ
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ȴ˵ϣշ֮ٶֺֹһܿ㽫ˣԶԶ˦ں档

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ԳīŸ˲һĿģ
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֣ĺìܣʵҵʱɱҲɱүүǼ£Ҳû֪ˣ²֣


151 ̫
ļǵãԺ־˵ǷʱìܸӵɫԼΪᣬҰ׵ɫ
־͵ܣôо嶼Щ⣿ƺȣЩǵĿԺ־
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Ϊ£ҹ£һǾΣԲˡûӽ죬һɱҲ˰һ棬ֺܵģ˵һ߳ŭҵǼ¹֮ڡҸô죿Ժ־˵ţȻ³һѪ
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˸ųȵĹâǰ·õĻ档
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֪ΪΣӢٵĻͲһ
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ʵЩ֣˵ΪһľĴܣӦöһԩ޳
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ϣ뵽ԭڡ꣬ʱ˿ִֵ֣ʵ̫ˣ
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󷢵ĸϣȻһȺ衣ʼգȴֵ÷ǳȫһʮꡣ
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ĵô̫װ˰ɣ
СӣʲôҪɱ֡


152 㱻ƭ
ԣңīָָԼıӣȷң
ѵң̲סЦͬʱ̲סСĿһܣӦһΧأڷ
ųīС˵ﻰͦҸеġѾʱֵزɽˮˡȻ˵˵Ǹʱɳľ˵Ӧȫûѹ
㼪ԡīЦЦͦĵġܵõ˿佱Ҳһֳɹô
Ըƨûסһľǿߣ˾ֿڡŭųīС컹ܻ뿪𣿡
īЩȵĿŸǳ˳飬˵Щ⣬Ⱥˣƴ׷ңĿĲҪõƮ칬ĴôӦȥһŶԣʲôȻҸһѣƮ칬ʼѧԺҲġǴУϡǸ׷Ҳţ
СȺˣɵû𣿴вǻ׷㣿Цųī
īʼ磺ðɣ㴫ôҪҲݴжѣҸԩ޳ɱʲô
ٺЦ⻰ǶԱ˵Ļá˵öԣǣԩ޳ҪģҲֻǴжѡȷûеɱ㡣
ѽī˵
ʲôʵ
ֻɢɢģһȺƴƵ׷ңҵȻҪܰī˸ۡ
ƲƲ죺ƭ˭أһǾûӰˣ
ðɣǱŵˣ̫ˡīؿڣȻ˵ȻѾ׷ǴҸǡûбҪɱҰɣ
ųīԭȷûɱ㣬һеСƨˣɱɱ㣬벻һֻһûʲôֱ𡣲ڣ
ΪʲôīŸû㣿㿴ҾͶ̬ȲơҪʦ죬Ҳǳ첻ҪңңҪҲӦҺǳŶԡʲôɺң
īȷЩ֣оºпܸ߳Ժ־йءīȻкܶ಻֮ǵõʱʦȷľԺ־һԼ£϶ŹԺ־
ΪʲôȴһɱԼɵӣ
Ҫֻ֣ܹ㵱ȥʦһе꣬ʵʵУû»ʲôһ졣ɡܽô˵
Ϊī΢΢鴤ŸΪҪʦɣȻҪɱң㲻Ҳûİɣ
֪̫ˡĿһ۳īҪүүҲܿ죬Ҿͻȥժͷ­
īУȻһĨĺâϵЦ˵Ժ־˵ģ
˵׹
١ǺǡīһȻ̲סЦ
ЦʲôЩĪʵĵӡ
ѾݾȴƫƫҪ򶨵ӡƫƫ򶨣Ǽװ򶨣η塣
̫˸оʹˡ
ɱ飬˱̬˾ú졣ôɱһηˣ͸̸ˡ
ٸڣ൱Ĳʹ졣
īŸϣһ׳յı飺ںܺ棬Ժ־ʱô˵ģеܵǰ˵Ҫɱҡϵܺã
Цͬ㣬ཻĪ棡СʲôΪֵܷǽ߲嵶飬ף
ðɣҲסֻ֪ȷԺ־ϵܺãīʵ
ȻСһ𳤴һʦ뵽СȻһһͬɳôĽ飬δɵСģһȻ˵
ˣˡȻϲҲһĺӡϧǣ㽻ѣȴĲǸʲôöҪɱ㣬㸣ϣҲֻһͿī˵
㡭ɱңŵĿųīСڸҿЦ𣿡
˵ţ̲סЦ漴ɫһ䣬ͷ䣬С˼øϻƮ칬ĴУҸһʹ죡
˵ţľֱӱųīѹȹȥ
ոһ棬Ѿоˣľ磬ԽԪءӦý˻ƼĲǾ
꣬ϹҲ˵һƽӹķϲġԺ־ȫûҲƭϾʱīƽӹˣԺ־һ
ǵźܶ˵棡
ҪǳīǸţЩôܿ
ʲô飬ѾҪˡ
ΣҲȥ죬ɡ
ľƣҪѹһǾֱ꣬׾١ˣûþȫ
ţͷһ顣
ñƣֱѹȵù꣬ȻվЦĿ
ϣ㱻ƭˣġīЦ˵ǳϿңԺ־ʵɱҺҵүүµȡ¶ԣҴӳϳ֮̽Ҳ֪Ǽ¡ڵһʱ䣬׻ƳǣҪɱүү£Ӧû˵ɣ


153 
˵ŭССͣ˵Ȼ治ɫҲѹֺ־˵ʲôΪͽƷĽ˳죬ϰøԺ˵ã
ǺǣԺ־ֵȡƷͺˣīЦĿŸϣ㲻ҵĻǲϹӦܹԺ־˰ɣ
ƾˣ˭˵ľᣬµǼ±ֲ֪붯ɱˡľߣ飬ԼʵҾ߲ľұҪϺǳ
㲻Ϲ㻹ɵͲܳģīĿĿŸϣôģһܽһΪľĺ档˲ľԺ־ú룬ȻѾͬ飬㻹ͨġ
ͨʲôȻŭޱȣ˿ҲճīĻʼչ롣
ʱԺ־ʱԺ־ı֣ȷЩԾ˶Ľ飬ֵһ㣬벻Ժ־
ϣ˵һֵҩʱѹеƣκ˿ߡīŸϣֵҩȻûеġһССɣҲ̫СֶɣӦòȱɣ
ϵâ˸ȴʼĬ
룬һΪƽӹ꣬ôòһʱ䣬ǾģīЩĿŸϣòῴڵľ磬ǻƼĲǾɣ䣬ΪǳУҲ˰ɣ
ȻųĬûзīĻ
īЦ˵ҵʣƽӹõֵԺ־˻ѡΪʲôҲû˵£ҾͲ̫ˡУţûһʦҲڲһʱ־硣أ
ȻĬţȴ̲ס̧ͷЩĿųī
ڣͻȻָо˵ġпģ
ȻĻƾʲôôԼѹΪʲô򶨣
ҹĳǣһ·񱼣Ҫ׷ɱˣԶԶ׻Ƴһǧĵطڹ⽫Щ
֮ǰǲųīˣʲôУڣϺȻ̲סһ
ٿӢĵӣкȻֲĸо
ţͨˡī˵Ҳ֪Ժ־Ϊʲôƭ㣬ҿʵ㡣ʱҪɱүүʱʦְҡˣүүתΣΪԺ־СˣʦǲмɱģԵʱֻһŽ߷ɣ߳ˡͬʱǳʲô£Ź
ųīȻˣɱ㣬Ҳ䲻úã
īЦҡҡͷϣҿԸģˣӽҵһ˰ɣ̣ҲֻܵˡӮˣǣʱá
ʲôģ俴ųī
ī˵ڻص죬㻹ҵõԺ־Ļǣˣ
ô򵥣ЩŵĿųī
ô򵥣īĿŸϣԺ־ֻҪ˵׻Ƴ﷢飬ǲڵһʱ䣬ͽԼĲ£ˣ
ī˵ţ룬˵ȻһַҴġװԼѾˣԺ־ỳɣΪ֪ʦжǿɱһֻӻҪףȻŵùˣسȥڲڡڵĻ˵ˣһʲôӦ
ҡʲôô˵
ī̯˫֣㲻ң֮飬һ֪Ҳ£ĿģӦûҺҵүүɡǺǣȲһʱ䣬Ȼ󣬵ȷƽ˾ٳıʦȥҲͱ˸˵ǣ֮ôĳƺôΪ˿֮࡭
ݡϵͺһȻЦ˵ĸһʦ˿ôĻȫġǣʦͲڣԣСƭ˰Ϸһˣ
˵ţҪԳī֡Ѿȥˣ
īҡͷ̾Ϣô治ɱ㡣ģֻһƭĿ棬ɱҾһ㶼졣ͷ
˲ͷҪЦ˵ڻʲô˵
Цݣȴֱӽǣһ˫Ȼ¶ޱ𾪵Ĺâ
һ꣬վ󣬲Զĵط֣ʱ䶼ûС
ֱɵûкϣɷһƬ˵Щ˭
ħҲûһֻۣǶԳī˵һӶˣϻô࣬˼ô
īͷֻǲļƭ
뿴ֵܷĿɣȤζħЦϳīĻŸ棬ֱӽҴī˼
ѽʦô˵ˣīЩεĿһ۸ðɣҾôģֵܷĿҲԺ־øϵֵܣ
ڿ˵ֵܣҾͺ뿴㷢ֵܣҪӵʱķӦīһ̹ȻĿŸ
˿̣ȫ˳īĻ
ȷȫĶ֣ʦֵ
ܸоԷһͷΣ
һʱ䣬ҡ


154 к
̧ͷһħɳɤ˵ɱҰɡ
ħĮȻĿһ۸ϣ˵㻹䡣
ǺǡϲȻһЦҲǣʵǰȻͬһ㣬ȷ֡
īŸϣͲȥֵ֤£˵ƭء
ûʲô֤ġһȻ˵Щ飬㲻˵ҴǷȥ롣˵֮ٻһ£жϳ˵Ǽ١
ĻӦȥѽīŰۣʲô£һգʲôùˣ
ⰵҲô
ôô˰īŭǲΣ
ΪһֱڣҶҵֵܡҿΪֵȥȴ뱻ֵƭֻҪ棬Ҿ;ãǿƭҵġŻҰϣ¶һ˿ЦݣȻһ۳īʦˣţһ죬ȥңʺ־ġΪʲôҪƭҡ
Ǹֻ֣˵һ롣ţֻ۾Ȼ͹š￴κβʣеġֻһƬҡ
Ī
ϵһ˿Ѫͨһˤڳīǰ
Ծˣ
īĿɿڴ벻µͷһ֡
һμһֱոյǧ׷ɱ϶һҪ͵նɱģīΪʲôôԼ
֪ҪɱԼ֮󣬳īȥԺ־ɱȥء
ʲôˣ
ϣľĸ֣Ȼ棬Ծˣ
öǿѪԣҲ̫Ը˰ɣ
ȳīľȣħȴһֵ߲ı飬˵ҲǸѪԵˡ
ôˡīЩʧǵ˵
㻹ôľȻʲôⷲ磬Ҳһһĸ֣ôɵˣħһ۳īԺٴ˼
ī˼ҲûʲôεģֲˣԼʦ
ǲе㲻⣬ΪʲôҪħųīȻʵ
īͷǵģ㱻õֵܳҲɱӴԶ߸߷ɣټǣ
˵ɣǸ߳ϣ᲻Źħ˵㻹СȻ㹻Ե˽⣬ȴȻңҶֵܡҲˡ
Ǹ߳ϵĶ֣֪̫߳ܡƢһ߳ϣװʲô鶼ûзʱˡħųīԶ߸߷ɣôǸ߳ϵ飬Ȼǡչ׷ɱȻ飬ֻصԭ㡣Ҫ
ʣȫһ˵īȻе⡣
Ǹ߳Ϻù𣿡ħųīʵ
ȻᣡīնĵȥᣬڲᣬԺᣡôܷŹȻһ㶼ϲϣ˵ʵҺΪеֵã
ħһĿĸϣ˵Щ˾ƢλһԸõѱ
īҲһ۸ϣ̾ϢһȻ˵ǰɣһ죬Ǹһң¡Ҳһͷɡ
ħһ۳ī˵ۺεغʱѶҪ
īһЦһҵֵܵģСҾͶôһֵܡ
ħָָϣҲǡ
ܲܲҪôңīŰ˵
ֻһ㣬ֵܸȻҪţҲһûСħһ۳īҵĹ۵еƫҵľйء
֪ΪҺáī̾һȻ̧ͷħҰ˰ɣʦ
ŶһΪҪʬ壬͸λ߳ءħ˵
Ѿ˽Ծĸʬ͵ǰҲһᡣỳɣǰûгǲǱġī̾Ϣ˵
ħһ۳īȻ󵭵˵͸˾ͺáҪãһ˵Ҫˡ
һںҲҪɱ䡣ں౳һġīһ˵
㲻ɾԵе˾ͺáħ˵
ҴûȥǹκˣҶѾôʵˣǻŹҡȻˣԵУкηī˵޵ȻҪεкգ
ħĿһ۳īһĨ
ī΢΢ҡҡͷһһʮεĵطһӣֱӽϵʬ
öԵĴָûȥ
ΪīãѪԵĸ֮ˣӦءȻеɵĺֵܲ
ڵĺĺܳסһЩαװ֮ûܹҵ
󣬳īħˣ뿪
Զ˴żʮһ޴ɽȡ
īվɽԶѾ׷Щһݶӵˡ̾һ߱ȡ£Ȼ󣬽߱ϥϡһ˫ޱƽ
ħȻʧ


155 ĥ
ǣˣ
ǳī

벻Ȼеǣ
ҿ·˰ɣӳôԶľ룬ҲΪˡһᣬҿҪСģǧһСĸŪˡ
һݶӵЩˣõЩƽϡ
ͬʱЩҲٸеЩ֣ΪǾȻûпӰ
ôˣ
Ī׷·׷ˣֻ˵
ܣзɣû׼ɹͷӦ͵
ڲҲûôŽᡣִǰ˭ҧһڡ
콣ŵĳ࣬ɽȣбŶɽǵӰССͣȻϻ֮Ż˭أ
һҲ̲סЦ
ɵĹЦǺǵ˵⺢ӣǴ¿ˣðڸƣȥͺи˷緶ˣ
һڵ˵ΪһɽȣǾ͹ȥ˰ɣ
ǺǣǾãǱҪɽȥȻȥĻʱˡ೰ʱ
˶̲סЦ
һǧ·̣ǧ׷ϳīˣֳʮݶӡ
ұ˴˼䣬˺ܳһξ롣
̸ЦˣҲڰ￪⡣
ˣȺˣҲ׷úܼǻȰ°˵ɡɫһ࣬ϥڶʯɽϵĳīСһǷݴ׼ãүүˣ
ɽȣ߶ǺɫʯɽȥʮֲͬʱҲһƻֺĸо
УȴдУ˲ɢżǿϢ
ɽȿԼ߰ǳŵīĶСīҲֻǵһЦ
С㻹ͦ񣡡˵ţն
Ƽ㣬ʯ֮۷ľ磬Ȼѳ;С߰ľ룬ȴǲڻ¡
ߵһ˺ˣõ֣ҲȫŶˡ
˿̵ĳīǵУֱһĽɽ
ɽϾҪˣ
Щ˷·Ѿδǰ;еֱּԱ
˵ĸˣɾҲͦࡣнеһԴȫ
Ƽ㣬УųݺǿߡԻþ޴ٻ󡣵Уȴ㲻ʲôǿһѣ
˭˸߿һۣ˭վڸߵλÿ羰
죬ᣬˣ
ǺõƮ칬ĴУҲû̡ܶվǴһʱĽͣҲ㹻ǳ嵽ڣ
Ψнڣĵң
ߣ
ڰУ̲סһХΣˮһ㣬ޱȵ˳·ˮУգ
̲ס޵ֿѾڵıԵҲĿ
ֵЦСѣȲùֵĳȣ־ڣҲֻа벽֮˰ɣ
һ˵߰ǰѾǰ벽ĵĴˣֻһ㣬Ϳͻˣ
ֵܣʵ࣬ͲҪ໥ˣϴ˷ܣЦ˵
õĻƽϣЩĽĿһˡ
ȻͬΪƽϣЩ˵ʵŲСĲġڲĵλҲͬ
Щûϵס˳īõǷƮ칬ĴСǴһĹͣ
ԣǱ߾бҲ¶մ˭Ķ٣
Щ˸ٷɹīУһĨĹâ
ȫҵһ⣬˭ҧһǰɣ
һᣬǾͻеϲģ
ī΢΢˫Ŀķһģ˲䳹ƽ
һΣǰʦ֮һĴ󿼣
Ȼħ֮ǰѾ˵úˡѹЩ˵ľ磬Щ˵ľ磬ѹƵƼĲ㣬һ
ְæ
ɲһˣʮ˸ǧˣ
Ужսޱȷḻĸ֣
㾳ѹƵƼĲ㣬˵Ҳ൱µĶ֡
ħ˵ˣÿսһһ˸
īʦĿΣյУͬʱǧͬĶ֣ѹҲ治һܳܵġ
͵һĥ°ɣ
һҪһأ
Ȼ˵ʲôȥꣿ
īȻſ˫ۣ˫Ĺâ
ãʱࡢǺ͹ˣҲѾ䵽ɽȵߣīɣ
ʯ֮ø֣Ҳ
˺ܿɢųī
ȻѾȷīûκ·С޴Ѿһǲϣκ⡣
࿴ųī˵īµ񣬻Ҫֿô˵ʵı֣ѾҸеˡҪ뵽õͷƮ칬ĴУҸһʹ죡
ī࣬һĨ䣺Ҫɱң
Цӣôô棬ãµ˭ȥ
īһߵĹ˺ǡ
֪ΪΣ˺ǣīĿɨȻһëȻĸо


156 һӣ
ôֵĸо
˺໥һۣԷеǡ
īһЦ˵ʵɵһ꣬ҪҵĶҪɱң
ҪѾϰʮ˵׼Ļһ·ΪһꡭһĨ⣺Ҫɱ㣡ȻԺˣǣ
˵áһ
˭Ȼ䷢һȣͬʱ̧־һƣеһ
һۻȻ޵ĿУܿһҵ
飡
Уʱһ
ʲôû򵽡
˺ˣ˲̬һ˫УҲ¶֮ɫ
Ȼûзеľ֣ȴһ㶼٣
ΪǾȻԷľλãӦ
ʲôˣһ㣿
һ̣Ƿ·ʱĸо
õһɲĸ֣
߰
еĽӣôܸ߳Ϲϵ
˵Ʈ칬ʶһλߣֺαؽнһȻԼ
ǵģĴԣЩ˵ƶϣġ
Ʈ칬һΪ־壬и˳īȻԼˡ
ɫʮѿһѳŵһڳ
Rॣ
ʣ˸
Уƺ˼ֵȻܣʲôˣҳͷ¶βģŻ˭أ
ž
УͻȻһ졣
ϣʱһƣʱ
˿־ȴǡȻӰûУ
ĶɱһĮȻ
ţһķѣ
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ǿڳһڵϣһ졣
һƼ۷塭ݺĽʯ֣֮Ϣˣ
ī΢΢һ̲ס˵˸ֵġ
˸ɱУǵЩ㣬ɱĵģ
˺̲ס˼һɹɺ޷Ƶ˳ǵĺ󱳳Ķųˣ
īĽʯ֣֮ҲȫĿɿڴԭվĵطѾһƬ⡣ȫɱܶˣմȾѪȡһ̣Ȼǿҵķθ
֡꽫ЩȻҪ֣Ǻ͹㿴ңҿ㣬ȫ¶ǿҵĺȻ֮ɫ
Ӧŭޱȵǣ֮жʱ⡣
¶ֱ̫ˣ
ʵġĻ˭˵ܹʤࡣ
һ֣Īİһ֮ž鿪ˡȻһ仰ûü˵ڡ
Էǿʲô̶ȣ
Ҳûʵɣ
ʱ˿̣ʲôƮ칬ĴУǵ棬Ѿ׵ȥˡ
ôסԼ׵ؼ顣
ʱʯ֮ĸ֣ͬʱоһǿƥֱӽ
ҪߡǵĮȻ𣺡ƴƵ׷ͽܣҪҪɱ׷ˣôܣ
˵һ󷢿࣬һɬĵǰ룬Ǹᡣ
Զԣǰˣǡǵȷ̰ûҪɱӰǽ˵
ǰǰǰûҪɱˡ࡭ɱ˵ģѾõӦеĳͷǰŹǣʯ֮ûƽϣ޳ˡ
ԭΪһĹͣ˭뵽ȻһĿӣ
ֱҪ˻
˭뵽һʮ꣬Ȼһ
᣿ϻ˵ΨһļֵǸͽ֡Уǵ˵š
֣ððûⰡųдôԸ⣬ԸⰡһƽϴ˵
д裿ˡҪģ֮սУ
ƽ϶ʱЩɵۣ૵ɡǳٵľ磬ȿȡûƲͽ˼˵⾳ģеɣ
ҲЩɵۣǵһμ顣
ǵĮ𣺡ûϵһǵľ磬ѹƵͽһġ
Ǻ͹Լʯ֮ûƽȫɵۣǾҵĳ鴤
ˣʼɣʹʼеĮȻͬʱǺ͹ͬʱоǵĵУ·ʲôסһһʹ̲ס뷢һҽС
ҷϣһ
ţ˵ְɣ
Ǻ͹ȫ¶ǿҵľֺͺȻ
ƼĲ㡭ǾѾж꣬ûиܹˣҪ羿ˡ
ǿ־ģǶԷȻб£׵ĽǵľޱȾ׼ġѹƵƼĲ㣡
ңǻƼĲڣţǳīľ磬Ӧ޼
Լȷǿѹƾ磬д衣ѹƣֵﱻűʵ
ѹƣʱԽ⿪ڡ̲סԣȫоǸû취忪ǲ
ֶΣ϶
˵Уͬʱһƽһͷһӣ


157 ج
޴ޱȵĿӣ
ȻᵶϥϣǵꡣǺ͹ˣֳ嶯ƿڴС˵ľһ޴Ŀӻǿʦװʲô޹װʲôߣװʲôꣿĸе̬꣬
֣УĮȻƺе㲻ͷ滹һ˵أٶȵ㣡
走㵱ڸϼ𣿻㣿ô
ǵУͬһͷŽԪͬʱ̤һҧ˵ǰۡ
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һҧǰ˻棿
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еħ˵£ڤȿȣ⵶ȷЩ̫ǿᡣڵľ磬ԭ̶ֳȡ츳ʵ̫áڣ־磬һľڣȴû취ȫȥƿ⣬ѵҲ̫ǿᡣ˫һ𣬵һ̶ϣǣųֵô򲻵ѣ㲻׼һ
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Ǹͽֵɳ
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һ񵭵꣬һնպûƽ֮ƺһ㶼ûоý
·
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ħţҪҪְīʱȴīֱһͬһӰһ㡣ֱܿеĴ㶾룡
СӣøӰ粽ħ̲סдޣ
Ӱ粽ǵǷݴеһ֣ɽ磬ǶīΪûܽӰ粽ʩչͬⲽһЩ塣
磬ߵķʽʩչͬޱ棡
⻹꣬īһ˫ֱۣл衣ɲǼ䣬·ϰֱͬʱ裡
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ǧ֣еħ۾˲ɴЩ𾪵ĿһĻ૵벻СӾȻǧֶˡȻֻСɣѾǸ漣ˣ
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ħ˵䣬ָʽľѧȴʽİ壡ԽǸĹƿغ֧ԽǿĹǵĹͬһ֪ʶԨĴѧʿһֻˡ˴˼ûʲôɱԡ
īЩ̵ܽͷȻʵʦЩû𣿡
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尡ôԼҪԼʲôɣī̲ס˸ۣһִš
Ȼô֪㵹Ҳ޷Щʽɽ磬¶һЩɵɾѧϣ㵽ʱ򲻻Ӱ졣ħ˵
ī˲ʦĿġ
ЩǵʦЩͬţżеõģЩɵ˽ɱߡ
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֪̫࣬϶ģ⣬ħĹǡ
ЩīʱЦİʦЩѾ˱˵ɾѧվҪҵзģ
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159 ڤ˵
Щħպ˽ģȫɽʱ½ЩʩչӦһħҲû̫˽⡣
ħûпЩɳīʩչȱ֮ʩչҪܶ౶
ˣԳīĺ׳ħֻ΢΢һЦ˵ϣˣ
ħ˵ȭΪˣȭ
ȭī΢΢һüҡ
ħ˵ȭһֻУ񼸺Ѿ򵽾ģӦȭ
īǳ˳񻹲һȭء
ħ˵ĲΪӰ粽ɽ磬Ҳƶһ޳һʩչ˱ữһӰ˿ӰʱѾڰ￪⣡
ȥЩ˼ˡī˵
ħ˵ոս˴㶾õַΪǧ֣ôǧֵİ壬ЩԾ
⹦ǿôīʵ
Ȼħʮֿ϶˵ǧ֣ɽʩչǷǧ򣡿ֱӻǧֱֻս˵ǿǿ
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ͺǿյħ̲ס˸ۣȻ˵ĵǿģ˵⵶ҲĸԵ
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⵶Ϊڤ˵ҪչֳͱҪһѳֵĺõ⵶̫ԵѰЩܲʽ½ãɽ磬Ѱһʩչ϶ֱӱ飡ѵᡣħ˵
ڤ˵ϲīٺЦ
һΪ꣡˵Ļ꣬ꡣʶػ˻һնֱӽ˵ȫס߾磬һû䵽ԷͷϣԷʵѾˣħ˵Ȼܴﵽ־磬Ҳǵ㵽ԺС
ħ˵ΪѾ򵽶İ壬ԣ½ʩչһȻ𾪣
ûвʩչһʱ򣬶ԷķӦҪƽʱôһ㡣
ԾУӦ΢һ㣬Ծʤˣ
˵еĵ˷ûʲôܵסһ
ԣͬ硭Ǹ߳һˣһѵʩչ꣬ûκĿܡԸ߳ġҲδزܴЧħ˵ʱ򣬶Щпǿڤ˵ݺɽ硣ǿɱ߳ԼһĴܣ
ꡭīֹţԼʩչһʱԷķӦʦ˵һԷǱסһ㣬ʧȥƽʱѸٵķӦ
ԭԼһ̫졭һİ壬Ƕ꣡
ڤ˵ĵڶΪɱħ˵νɱɱһ飡һҪ㹻ɱڵɱƵȵһιӦÿˡ
ڤ˵ĵΪնǣħʱ߳īǰųī˵ǣΪ֮Ϊ֦֮ҶǲԣնһҪȶɱݣһôնȥȫ֦Ҷֻʣ¹ͺͺһɣʧȥڷ絲Ҳʧȥ
ʦùһУīħʵ
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īӽָȡ߱죬ḧ߱죡
߱죿õ㣡ٻīħ˿̲֮ʣ߱Ŀ⣬͡ȴû˿̰ħ̫̰޳ܵˣ޵ľˡͬʱħҲԶһ˸ףһҪҵһԼжѡ
īܵõ߱죬ĻԵħֻΪˣ
ڤ˵ĵĵΪجΡһҪ㵽磬ǿһ㣬ΪһѾ뵽ķˡ˵ˣҲħ˵
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ΪħЦ֣ѾҸʲô˰ɣһԳںδֻҪʩչһУô
ߵΪޡħųī˵һѾͨ룬ΪʦҲûһľ塣ԣѸ㽲ľ徫֮ҪδԼȥˡ
īЩȵĿħҲûɣ
ħһ죬漴ЦʲôʦҲˣ񣡡
ȿȡīǳ˳飬ĿУʦǿģ
ħһů˵ڤ˵һΪ¾ɡΪʦ޶ûɣ¾ɾ͸Ҫ˵ˡʦڻȥڤ˵ⲿ֮ǰһ
ħ˵ţ¶֮ɫ¾ɳͬ


160 ǰ
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һжѣһնͬڵĳī˵ֳ棬󡭡󲻵
ħųīЩ˸е˵ǧ֡ȭӰ粽ҸһЩ֮ǰΪҵͬʦֵУʱǣܴȥپʹȥ١ЩɵĽɱУҵЩʦֵܽãȫ䡣ЩҲ䵽˱СҺǳȥ֮ǰеĹȫһ顣ÿˣЩԺСԣҲܰЩڸ㡣
īȻԭ
ħͷЩĵڤ˵һ꣬õڤ˵ģҵһʦ㣬һֱЩϲҡ
īȻӢʦû˵ʦڣҲڻλʦ㡣Ҳ֪Ӧôȥο
ħ̾һȻһЦԣʱֱ֮ӽⲿҵϣûзˡʱЩ˽һٶȴʹڤ˵ûбЩŵõ⣬Ҳǲеˡ
ڤ˵ֻǣīЩȵʵ
ħ˵ԣ䣬ΨʦͽŻڤ˵Ȼдڤ˵ˡ
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硭īУ¶һĨ֮ɫаʲôʱҲܴﵽ־磿
ħһԶ˵ˣˡסһڵľ磬ЩԼԦҪáʵǧ֡ȭЩҲǼģ٣ԸЩˡ㹻ˡԶһ¡
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Уħû
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ͷѾףϵƵǲ࣬һ˵ģмֺ׷ͯյģֻϧһ˫ۣʹ˿ȥЩݶ񶾡
Ŀ粻ĶųīǱߣƤţһȴû˵ֻǳӵĿŶ棬ͬʱ΢΢˫Ŀ
ʱҲ˵֪ʶǲǻбˡ
ܹʹʶģҲΨнľĴܣ
Ⱥʯ֮ˣֻĽķݶ
Ĭ˰ΣŻ˫ۣ¶ƣ
ôˣţûʲô֣һʵ
ǰôое찡õЩƽϣȻʲô֡Ҳûеڽʯ֮ġôСߣ˱ʾԼĵǡ
Ϊŵ˼һ£Ż˵ǸطеŹ֣
ʲôŹ֣ߵʵ
ۣ˵ǸСϣйŹ֣
ʲôŵ˼ǡߵ˲Ŀ
Ǽʬ壬ȫ沿ƤѾڡû´ǸСӵϣ϶о綾֮ʵȴôʮа˾ţûƭõЩƽϡƭǵΣȻɱǡ
⡭üţƺﲻԡ
ôҷĲԣЩĿһˡ
ǣŵķеӦþ˸æ˵
Ƭؼ䣬գǬҸոʶ̽ɽȡһЩҰ֮⣬κǿߵϢһţƶ˵ԣ϶Сϣ
ʱ˵˭ϣб֮ܶ
һ˵һƿҩɽܶ־綾ֻⵤҩ˵ţЩ
˵ֵǮĵҩҲûҪûƮ칬ǷݴҪ
ΨΨŵŵ˵ǣŽѵüǡ˵ţһƿҩӻȡš
ŵһĨ֮ɫʵǿĺô
ʵǿ󣬱ӵгȻĵλ
ǧ㲻ŵ棬ҲΡ


161 ·
Žƿⶾҩָˡһƿҩ治٣ʮţÿ˷һ֮󣬻ʣʮҡ
Ҳûнƿⶾҩ̰īǻˡҵ˵İɣװ㵤ҩȵ½صȸᣬԸ᳤ˣΪȡӦе棡
һƿӽⶾֱӱֵ֮˵ǼٵġϾⵤҩҩʮְ󣬾ǽʯ֮ĸ֣Ҳݳ޵ⶫ͡
ˣŵı֤֮ʮĽʯ֣֮ʱһмǾȶлˣ
ҵĿĶһģȺ˶ˣǵĻˣſ˵ԣһҪŽһģһ˭ҪǸԼˣɱ
İţǶ֪أ
ǰţĺˣǿ϶ԴΪصģ
Щ˾нⶾҩ֣ѾԸˡȫ¶ʤЦݡ
ŵĴ֮£Ⱥ˿ʼշУϿȡ
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ŴЩϿߣīǰʱ򣬶ʱһΪߣǲſͷʬ壬֮ǰ߿ĵط
ֱϳʬݣ̲סˡӦǽɵĹ˺һڵǣɶǽʯ֮۷ǿߣ
ǰڵľ磬Ѿ޽ӽڣ࣬ǰ벽ľĴˡȻնȥͷ­˾ɲĿվǵĳī
ҲЩҲסϾոĵı֤ûбˡͷʬ壬ݺһơǰֿտյ꣬նʯ֮۷ͷ­
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Сŭ
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СԣҪò
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ŷһʹ̵ĲҽУ徹ȻԵȥ¶޵ľ֮ɫǰ飡
һ㿴žԱõЩƽϴܶ࣬û׷ʶԷ˭ֻƾԷ֪׾ٵķĵѹľ磬ֱжϳԷʵҪԶԶԽ
ǸɲĿֲڣ
ҲЩʯֵ֮Ըûκοǣֱӿġ
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˵īǿֻܶ࣬˵ûϵԼʵᱻ˲ӡʧ֮£˵ϻûü
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һΣħûгֱӽ˵ĵȫӡһȸĸ֣ɲǼӽʯ֮ĸ֣ΪǾߡ
䣬ȫӦգ֮䣬ˣīȭϣɳȥ
ùģֱӱɽȡɽǧȥ϶Ƿǣʬ׶Ҳ
ȵЩ˾ŷӦʱ򣬶ʮ˵Ķ飬Ѿʮ˱ϵ
ʣµʮˣϴ޾ľֺͺȻҵĽ
ô£ҵľ硭ôͻȻ併Ǿˣ
ҵľ罵ԪˡλùΪħһγ֣Щ⣬һķӡûаȥᡣ
ˣиոսʯ֮ߣ⵽˸ʯ֮۷һķӡֱӽԪˡ
ԪؾߣԳī˵ֱûа
һȭɣתͷˡ
ܣڷӦط̫аˣҲͬһ㣬ֿȭȻӵ˿ս²ҲҪзϡֲô
Щ˾ֵǣǸӲΪɽһ棬ķ򣬾Ȼȫӡס
ͬһεĽ磬Щˣȫ


162 ɱĶͷ
־ֺĸоѾܶûиܹˡ
ЩˣǴûйָо
ʯ֮䣬Ѿţ츳϶̫
ڵûôĻôЩˣڸԵУϾš
С󣬶ڸгɳġ뵽ȸ֮󣬸ӵǿƥı
˭Դǣ
˵¼䣬ˣǻû
ԣԭһȺ߸ϡλȨصĽʯ֮ϣȫŴˡǵķӦ̶ֲȣóīЩĿɿڴ
㾳类ѹƵǾҲûʧȥսô֣
īⷬǱЩһƿڴͻȻ䱻ѹԣ
ʵʣīлشǡ
ΪħѾôˣ
Ҿڸոգ
ħȺʯ֮ĸ֣ھ类ͻȻѹƵǾ֮ȫҲī¾͸ɵü
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սԳī˵ûκѶȣ𲻵κĥ塣
ˣħûһкͽīľ磬ӽӽƼĲڣѹƵ˸ոͻƵƼĲʱ״̬
ȻûнͳīĴ󾳽磬ͬͻȻ
īսĹУȴûбֳκ쳣ʵҪȺ㹻ϸӦǿԸоīĹһЩ
ϧǣȺȫûио
ǾͬһȺͷĲӬѾޣȴûзӳһ޵
īȭڶѹƾ˴֮ʣµһʯ֣֮ͻȻ䷢֡ľ磬Ȼˣ
䣡
һǿϢ˳˵Ȼ
Ȼ̧־һƣīһȭϡ
󾳽磬īıɣֱһѪ
ʯ֮ĸȻ֪ʲôȴ֪Լʵָˡпϲ֮£ųīֱ˹
Сȥ
ŭͿ־Լ֮֯µʯ֮ĸּҪˣһŭ𣬾춯ء
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Ϊ䣬һܷӡĵѹľ磿ħд½ȻûУ磬ȴһǿߣΪĳԭ򣬲ֱӶ֡˶սʱ򣬰һ£϶Դ
Ҹô⣿īͷȺȸĸ֣ͻȻ֮ı֣óī¡
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ĿԼȺˣü̵ʱȫɵе𺳺ͱжǿҡ
˿īλӰ˵ĶԻ̲סһѪ
ǧǴΪֵģ
Ⱥ绽ĴܡǸһСƨõģ
СֱɱңſµĹͷһȴĽкš
īŵķһۣ˵ûѧϰ𣿡
ۣ
һѪֱӱȥ
ʱħŽ˵Ȼа취⣬Ǵδָܹоҽ̻㷽ȻǺ޾顣ڣҲᵽʵ轵ֲʡٴ㱣ԼﲻƵķѧҲ˺ܶࡣ
ħ˵ţһοھֱôķʽīľʶСȻ˵ֻҪѧɣ½㻹òңֹҪȥ֧šڵԪٶ࣬Ҳ⹦ĵġ
īĬĬļסοھЦʵʦʲôҲģͳͳһν̸Ұɣ
һȥħ̰ãѵ㲻ô
īͷ
ʣ
ðɣҲˡ
طѾЩʺˣƺЩˣֻӲ
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ɽǱߣ
īоһᣬֱշ𣬼գۼ䣬ѾɽȵߡȻԶķ򣬴Σ
ΪһƮ칬ĴУֵôī૵
ħվڳīߣһԶԽĹȻЩΪ½ĴУҪˣǲŲţɱǧˡ죬Ȼ˴⣡
ɱĶͷī̾һһ㣬øӼ


163 
ˣʦôһӷӡô˵׼Ľǵľѹסģīʵ
ֶΣ㵽磬߾磬Ȼͻˡħ˵ûжѣС
СīЩȣֿµֶΡС
Ȼ㵱ǿߣԹԵӡôǶԱֶΡʵģ޷ӡεģӡʲôãħ˵
ȿȣ˵Ҳǡīǳ˳飺Ҳ˵ոֹǶôĶ
ɽôֵ֡½磬ȴǸ߼Ĺˡ٣ĴܣҪӡ㣬ǲ̫ܡħ˵
ԭīϣ¶֮ɫ
Сħ̲סһ䣬СǻԼûаЩȫ
īٺһЦͻȻʵʦһܷӡˣ
ħ˵ȫʢڣǧˣ־ȫӡôʮ˻ûʲôġ
ī˵ʦͰЩˣȫӡ˰ɣҪսҪĥ£
֮ǰսīռУǿʯϣѾռ˲ٵѪɷ֮
īոĿһռ䣬ԼڴʯϵļȫһЩ仯֮ǰīѾ֪Ѫɷ֮ҲռԴеһ֡
ǧ֡ȭӰ粽ڤ˵Ŀھ¼ɲᣬڴʯϡĻۣЩȫһЩ仯
ֱ仯óī¾ģռѪɷ֮
ȷħ˵ܻˣΣգϾڿȺ˾ͬʱδôྫȥ㡣
ȷܹĳɳīһԶЩٶӰ˵ɱҵģҽѵģ
ãħУ͡漴ԶȺ˷ȥ
һΣħҪȺˣһӦʱ䡣
ĻȻҲŻīģȻڵľ磬ԶԶûлָĳ̶ȡֶͨΣȴһ㶼١
ҪѹЩ˾ͬʱעīİΣһⶼûУ
ֱӸ˳īͬʧȥ塣
ѪսħΨ֮ضĿٳɳ
ϰˣɢһƬ޴ƽԭ֮ϣȺ˵ʵҪһЩʯ֮ѪĶУģҲѪߡ
һѪȫǳʢʱٱ֮£Ⱥ˵Ѫ׼ͬʱֶƮ칬еĿǱޱȵ˷ܡ
Ȼ֪ǰѾúȸĸ֣Щ˵棬Ȼһ
һûҵīأ
˵ˣƮ칬ĴУֻʮ֮һҲһ൱޴֣
ҪһɵȫУҪ࣡
īѾץҲûʲôԲˣźȵûɣ
ǸѪ꣬Ⱥ˵С
˸ŵĹâԳ֣ǸСӿ϶ӣ
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ԣٶȣûþȫȻԳ˵ٶȣñЩʯ֮ĸֲ
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ʦһɣǲһ
Գ˱ĶЩƮƮȻ¶һĨֵЦݣ˵ʲôȴͻȻоﴫһɾʹ
⧲֮£һҽС
ţΧˣҲȫʹֱͣ˽Ų
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ҡҵҲǣһΪֻҡô£
طйŹ֣
˻ҸոͻƵѪôͻȻֵˣ⵽ô£
һȺɫѿȫ¶֮ɫ
ͬ飬طҲڲš
ħ˵һܷӡʮˣû˵ڵһΣȷֻܷӡʮˡǣԽְ
ʧӣħȡ˲ٸ߽Ԫޣҵ˺ܶඥԪҩͬʱһԪʯ
һӵɼֶε˵Ҫ½ҵԪʯʵѡֻǹȥħһϣû˼̬仯Ԫʯ֮ħҲ˳ȡǲԪʯ
̵ʱ䣬ЩԪʯеսԼĵС
ԣȻһֻܷӡʮˣȴֱӽǧ׷ȫӡ
ʵϣħҲôġ
һʱ䣬ԲķΧڣϵ𾪺
У̼ߵˣڵﱻӡĵһʱ䣬Ѿ뵽ߡ
Ϊ֪Լ˲õǿˣ
ֻϧˣȫһʧ룬ãȻĽкš
ʱĺƫбؼ䣬һƬʡ
īͬһ飬ּݵأȺˡĿȥ
һͷ׼Եϻ


164 
ԳǸˣ췴ӦġԼľ磬ӻƼѪ䵽Ǿֻ֮ǻôһ˲䡣ܿģƽ
ɣȷͬһ㡣
ԣʮ侲ĿߵȺˣȵˣҽʲôܸı𣿡
ЩԭͶʮ־η˴˿̣ǼһĹǣȶǵ
ʦ֣ľҲ
Ҹһ˵ţȻЩ˵ڣܣڵӡһ⸽пֲĴܳ֡ܣҴûʲôˣӡ˵ⲻûУڶطйŹ֣ǿԳţ뿪᲻ʲôı䡣
ʦ˵üǣ뿪԰ɣ˸Ÿ͡
˵ͷȺˣʼطȥ
ЩΪˣͬһ̡
㲻ʣҲܿԷ϶˸Լһ顣
˵ɫڣԷӰӶûпңҲףԷôΪʲô
ʱ򣬶еһ˺Ȼ˵ǸīǲǾǻƼĲǾ
пܣ϶ᳬƼ㣡˵
Գâ˸૵Īǡ˹⽫ǵľ磬ѹƵΣҪǸǳīƽһս⡭Ҳ̫˰ɣѹǵľ磬ߵ˼ȫϵĻǧ˰
ЩˣӦŽԷ˿ԳˣȫǵԤϣҾãǻǺϲһ𣬻Щ
Գ˵ͷ˵Ĳϲһ𣬾漰һ⡣ʱһɢɳΣգΪս
򵥣Ƕ֪ԳҲżߵĵλ˵ǴңָӾǣ
˵ţһˣֵǣô룿ôģ
Ҳô룬ֵεģ
ʱ򣬴ұŽǻŵģ
мвͬģ£ҲŲڡˣֱӺϲһ𣬴Լ߰ʮˡʱԳΪס
ʦ֣ô죿ʵ
˿һˣʵǾãпܶȡǷݴ𣿡
Щ˵ϣȫ¶Ц֮ɫ˵ʦֿʲôЦڵд߳ɵġԷ㲻ƫīģ١Ҳƫǡ£ŶȡǷݴУôסԼɣ
˵ͷҲôġԣߣ룬ֻҪ뿪ǵ⣬Ȼͻ
ȺУмˣ̫ġͬĿ
Ҿã˵ĸܹġڿǵĺ;ģȻĻɱǣֱӳ־ˣαô鷳
ûλܼȻܹ׵ķӡȺǾʯ֮ߡȻֱӳɱǡȻû֣˵»лء
Ϸǽʯ֮ʵ˲䱻ѹƵǾоԼӡһ룡λǰҪɱңһͷ͹ˣԣҾã滹ġһ˵
Ⱥ˵Уʯ֮Ҳ߰˸֮ǰûиλһǲﳤ죬Ҳ뿴˵
˿ۿų⣬ȻЩΪǿǳīǿҲǾīѾѪ߰ʮˣ滹а˾Űˡ
ôˣѵ򲻹һī
ֱǸЦ
ɫЩѿ΢΢üͷ˵ʯ֮ߣλǰûʲôΣգȴԼѾȫΣ֣ԣĻѰҳīǷݴСԱǣˡܷˡ
ʱԳǿߣȫûа֮ǰԳīʱǷͱˡóޱȣ
ǴУĵӡ
ƵʱȻ¶Լ顣һΣգޱ侲
λʯ֮ߣЩҲסȻԳǿ˵ܿҲòԷĻָӡ
˵ʲôʱͻȻ䣬Զһŭ𣺡ī㡭
漴ŭȻֹ
һֻڴĹһѶס˲ӡ
Ⱥ˶ʱһǸȥ
ȴ֮ĵط˶һͬʱһط
īˣоϣֵǣоǵģ
ӦطйŹ֣ŷӡǾ磬ǺôĲǾǿߡϰץסīǴоǵģ
Ʈ칬ĴУɵĹ֪߳ٱֻõһҲˣ
һ˻֮⣬мʮˣͬʱһ
ˣһ˲䡭ü


165 Ŀ
Щ֮ǰ֮⣬ҪΪŵˣ
ͻȻ䱻ʱҪǻܱľȫûκα仯ǾͲˡ
¾Ҳδܱ֤ľһ㶼仯
־֮£⣬ʵ
ͻȻ֣һֱ׷ɱĳīȻˡңڱΧɱҪ˵ģǾǼٵġ
īıȺ˸ץסֵõ˴УЩˣ϶ú
ʱ˵Ŀ⣬ȫԳϡǼʯ֮ĸ֣ǴͲûֱ˹ȥˡ
Գ΢һ£ͻȻ˵Ʈ칬ǲѷɫҳĶɡݳĴе伮ȵĻʮ֮һҲᣡ
˵ţһЩˣ˵ǲһˣȴһɺǿκײ䡣
ʦֵ˼ǣߣڲİִ£ƺ˵˼
˵ñ˵ᴫУЩƽֵĻÿˡֵܷϰٲᣡ
˵ĺʱüԳ˵Ŀ⣬
Ǽʯ֮ĸ֣Ҳ̲ס¶˼֮ɫ
ûѾס
֮ǰЩúȸĸ֣˿ȫӰǵľֱסȫĲǾôǲпܣǰúȸ֣Ѿأ
ôȺˣЩ׷Уǿһˡ
Ͼ˭ǿһΪĹǵġ
ЩˣʱϲһҲһȺں֮ڣһɢɳѣ
ԡԳˣӢϣ¶һĨЦݣȲǳīֻҪˣǿɱ˰磬Щȸ½ˣǡǵĵ˰һȺȸ½ϵߣʮǧ쵽½ϡҲе̫Ҫ˰ɣ
ǰ̫ˣֱ޳ܣѵˣ
ʱ򣬾ȸȸ½ϵɽҲл˵
߰ʮˣҪôõģҪô½ϵˡʱ˿̣Ȼ̵ʱ䣬ͬˡ
ãǾɱȸ½ϵȺˣԳˣһĨɱ⡣
߰ʮˣһųīֵĵط˹ȥ
Ⱥڹīˣȸˣ
īո˲ֱ֣Ӹɵ˶Էĸˡ
Ⱥ˵ķӦν죬ΪǱī͵Ϯ˲ʧء²Ȼŭī·𿴼Ľɽ̰ıԣ˲սʤеǡ
īһΣڸܵ˿սһζ
Ⱥ˲֮ǰˣûмħȻ类ѹƣеĿ־岢ûôأңҲȸЩƽں޷֮±ӡ˵ѹ˾硣
īʱֱӳ֣Ȼ͵ϮĵȷȷǴȺһ⧲
ȺȻǾĻңѾЩӦҪǣԭľ磬붼ѪǾ£Ϥĺܡ
ˣ˲䱻ѹ˾硣ھĻ֮󣬼̰ͷһȫӳǿս
īԶԶԽĹӵǿʣνͬ޵Сͬʱô֣ͬҲʱо˳
ҲΨܼȫǱܣ
ųīһǼȭǧǽ̬ٶȣԷˣһš
һѪɷ֮ųīϵ
ͬʱīϣҲ˺ܶ˿ڡмصģԿͷ
ѪܿȾ˳ī
ǳīȴȫûоһ׺ݵĹâͬһͷŭͻͻȭƵģˡ
ֻΧȦԽԽ
ܶߵĶȫ߷ӵ
Ƿݴк۵ģֹֻԳôһ
ʱĺɫѾٵƬϣɫð
ĺɱȴ¡¡죡
һôôֻܴǾôоǽʯ֮ģ
ѵģһϣҵİ˿ӡϵĹͷȴĹͷǧľƳɵ𣿡
ϡˣҵĸ첲һƿˡҵĸ첲
ŭ˷
īϵ˿ڣԽԽ࣬ԼܹļǵãնɱˣѾ˶ʮ
Щˣʵʵ֣ͬ
ңȫӳܹӳ
ˣīѾʮ֮һ
ȻûиоرƣۣīȴĺܣǼȥĻôľȫ࡭ҲֻԷ˰ˡ
а˰ٶˡҪȫЩ϶Ϊ
ʦ˵ûҶԼƿأЩ㡣ԼѾܽʡʵǷǳ˷ѣҪһ취ٵӳǿīа
ʱͻ䣡


166 һ
㡭㾹Ȼ͵Ϯң
ġ˭ң
Ҳǳīô
á½ߵ˵͵Ϯǣ
ƴΧɱīȺУʱһ󼦷ɹŭţߵ˷˹
īѹʱһᡣī棬ȴǸеĪĵȺôԼˣӦûûߵʱɣ
漴ī׹½ȸ½˶ˣ
½ˮǧɽԭˮˮиĵ̡
ΪƮ칬ݴУȺ½۵һ
½ߵˣȸ½̫ˡȻܵ
ȸ½ǱߵˣͬԼֻҪûȸ½Ķ½ƾʲôŲһŽ
̬֮£˫˴˳ۣŽмˡ
飡
īһȭһͼӱ͵ϮԴáлӰ粽嵽һߣչǧֱ֣ӽеĳһĨ˺
ϣ
һѺĵĺɫͬһƥնī󱳡īֽסһ졣
棬һš
ֻԳǸߵ߰ʮˣȸ½˳֡ܿݱİٸ½ߵˣȸ½˳֡
ģ½ڲҲڧ
½ҲޱȾ޴󣬱˴˼䲻ȫʶʼˣɱ
ȵɫȫһ̣طѾѪȳ졢Ѫɺӣ
ƺȫԼĵﱻӡ罵ͣлһ¡ʼߵˣչĹ
ǿīôǿվһˣ
ֻҪǱڵĶ֣ٻȥԸīûκ⡣
ĵȷܺãǡīôȺ˻᣿
īϵ˼ţôСӳȭǧ֣ʩչ
׻˵ɣ⻰һ㶼û
ȭֻУÿһʵ仯ˡ̺޾İ壡
īʩչȭڱһСԪȥ֧䣬ȴķʽ
飡
һǼȭЩϡ
ÿһȭΪһѪɷ֮
īһ˫ۣҲĺˣ
ڣѾûʲôɽⳡսһһս
īɣȴΪһսȸ½ϣٷ֮ʮϵɣ˶Թ
ͬʱīϵ˿ڣҲԽԽࡣʱҪһŵҩѹЩơ
ڴʯĵҩȫĵҩҩЧӵķǳ졣ϳīʣϵԪѪԡѾӽ½ƽղ֮塣
Ѱĵնϣֻһ˿ڣȴ˵ĹͷԲֵܼڡ
ˣīϣҲмص˿ڣѪ
˿ڴǹɾʹīҧţͷ󺹡Уȴֻбɱ޾ķŭ
ڣոһʮ֮󡣳īоԼЩֲסˡ
û˿ԽԽ࡭ÿһ˿ڶô˿ڼһ𣬶壬ص˺
Ҫȸ½֮ìأ˴ɱī»ڡ
ʱ򣬳īеˣʦ˵ʬɽѪһ·ɱһĸо
ŭ־塢ЩīҲһһȻ֪ʦӦòȡЩͻĹʦҲδü
ʦڵģīҲ֪
ΪȺ˶̱ӣɱһһ̣ħȫϢʧһ
ȥˣҲζһҪȺģī۾ͻȻͬһ߱ȡ
꣡
һڳ׺ҹĻУһ貵Ĺâ
пһˣȫɲʧ
䡭˿µĵԳ˸ոһһȸ½ߣͻȻīնһһ˫ͫȻŴһĨ֮ɫ
ǿĵڳδ
ѵƮ칬ĴСȻȳĻҪһҪõֵΪѧУԳǿ¶ޱȵĹâ
ΪԶԲûиܵīһȻҲûпīһֵЩϵı顣
ֱ飬
ԳˣܿͿ˳īһ
߰˿ͷīһն䳾
Ѫ쮷ɣ
´˿ɫѾ͸ȺȻǾߣѡȻīһնɱ߰˸ͬ׵Ķ֡
һʱ䣬ԭһţȺˣȻ̲סһ
˵ļǣ˲һֱӳ嵽סȻ޷ƵĴһ
⻹
߰˵Ѫɷ֮īͬʱīһ˶ʼϲĶתܣ


167 
ˣ
Ȼˣ
īôˣ
ץס
ǧˣ
վס
ȺȻīһŵīˣеǷݵʱ»̲סŭ
óīˣȺҲûŻȥˡ
ǧ׷ɱһ꣬۽֮󣬾ȻöԷˡ´ȥ϶ΪЦ
īֲɵܣô
ԣīˣұ֮ǰ׻Ƴǳʱܵĸ죡
ÿһϵ˿ڶҵʹͬҪ˺һ㡣
īȴֻҧأͷȫлӰ粽ҹĻп񱼡
Ⱥ֮ǰûбӡʱ򣬶׷˵˿̾䣬϶˶Ѿƣգۼ䣬ͱī˦һء
Ⱥ۶ˣ
˵ⳡս֮ǰ⣬ҪԶô˴˿̣ѾûҪ뿪ˡ
ˣжֻʣһͷһҪץīõƮ칬ǷݴУ
ΪīչֳÿһֹȺ˴ߣ
ȸ½ȺˣΪīչֳЩƮ칬ĴУ
Щ˵УƮ칬ļûмԣû֪Ʈ칬Ƿ֮ǿ
ЩȫƮ칬еĲ֮أţĲ֮أ
ΪƮ칬УŮӣЩŮչֲӦе
īûнӴĶɣЩֻƮ칬ĴУ
ȻҲûɡ
зӡǾĴܣƮ칬йϵô
ǰīʮа˾ŲƮ칬ĴС
ҾãīЩӦòĹ
һһЩԵʱʧ
ôӦץסīܴʳЩǱƮ칬Ĵимֵ
˵λӡǾĴܡڵ⻹ôԷɱǣʲô
ԣˣȫͬһ㣬ųīߵķ׷ȥ
ˣڳīϵһʮ֮⡣ȴȸ½֮໥ɣˡ
ʣµٶˣҲֹͣ໥һԵ׷ī
īսĹУϵĥԼļֹǻӰ粽ʱʩչǱ֮ǰһ̨ס˾ͬһһ㣬Զ񱼶ȥ
һٶ֮⣬һƬȺɽ
ɽľдУɽҹĻУȻɢһǿҵĻֺϢ
ͨ˵ĽУһֱһ仰зĪ룡
ΪԽïܵɽУԽǿδ֪Σա
īʱҪľֵط
ԣƬɽ룬īϣ¶һ˿Ц
ӿ˲ϧڵԪ֮ңû̫ãѾƬɽǰīû˿ԥһͷֱ˽ȥ
ȻƬȺɽУгһڣҵһʺϵĵط
һͱڣ߲
ҹĻУīվͱڵ£Ŀȥȴֻһŵżҹ紵ɢһЩ֮󣬷棬ȻǶ͵£
ͱϣҲǹͺͺģֻǿľҷУЩľϡϡ䣬Ҫͱڣǲܵġ
ңͱʵ̫ߣǽʯ֮ĸ֣ҲԽ
Ϊһߣɣ
طȥ԰īŴĨһѶͷϵĺˮ˵ȫָʵҪ˳Ҳ൱ѡʱѾˣ
󣬳īʼֱ߱ӴӲʯУһһģȥ
Ȼ߱Ȼ
ϵ˿ڣѪȾȫ
ӣͬʯһ㣬أᶨ
һһ㣬ϡ
ƲеħΪīݼеݡ
ʵڳī֮ǰħͲ̲סҪĥ£һζƴ
ܻɱôĵˣī˵Ѿһ漣ɽ磬׷ɱʱҲˡ
īûʧʶӲƴȥܻɱе֮󡣺ԥתܡ
ħ뿴īҪôӦµ֡
˵κȥûְæĻīɣ
Ϊһ֣
ԷȻֻʣٶˣٶˣȫӵŸīһľ硣
īĹôǿ󣬵϶ҧȺŽһīīûκĻᡣ
ߣҲζžһǰȫġ
ΪīϵƣѾءҵһ԰ȫ˳ȻҪΣ
һħ֣ôīⳡǽˡ
Ҳˡ


168 ±ʷ
ħοǣīûʧ
īѡطħЩ⡣ΪͱڣԳī˵ͬҲǸ޴ս
īٶɵʱƿʼīһʹϵ䡣ҺãһСīһץסСǿסΡ
˰֮󣬳īޱļȥ
ֱԽ˵һī̧ͷͷǹ˸΢âȻ߲
ԽԽãīҧһ䡣
˰ɡһǧɡǧɣ
īǧɵʱߵľޱң¶ȣҲü͡ϵƣøء
īֱˣ֧ȥ
󣬳īһˮͰֵϣʼ߱
߱ķ̶ȣѾ֤īȻþޡ
Ӳޱȵʯ֮߱£ͬжһ㡣Ĵʯϡﻩµ䡣
ʱѾ׷׷Ƭͱ֮£
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ħ֮ǰƾܣ˦Ⱥˣ
ǵУмΪó׷ٵߡ˳ųīߵĵ·Ȼһ·׷档
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ûбĵ·ƹȥģô
˵ҵѾӡ˾磬ûбӡȻнʯ֮ʵҲȥ
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ˣµûĻľĸϣѾλӡǾˡ
ȸţҲ׶༪١
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±ʷ桭ǸʲôطΪʲôôƶȸ½ʵ
ϵ飬ô
֮ǰһ̣˫һĵж״̬ڣЩ˶·˸ոյɱ
ҵʦţﲻˣҶԹ±ʷ棬Ƿǳ˽⣡ոǸ˵ˣ˿˳һѮҵˡ
˲õģֻ½һɵĳϣԳ
Գھ类ӡ֮ǰҲһʯ֮ĸ֡½ϣ֪˲ࡣڴģСġ
±ʷ棬ǧɣһ壡Գ˵֮ԳΪ壬Ϊɽͱڣûκλ£õİ죬ԶԶĿȥͬһ֧ʣƬ֮䡣첻ɽĹ壬콣ŵĹ½塭Ϊ½ϵɽ
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Գ΢΢һ飬ЩãΪԷ⻰ģȴ˵±ʷû̫ǿɡԲ֪
˵٣±ʷȻûй½͹ôȴɽԶԶȲ˵ġ
ʵ
һԪҩ±ʷľĴܣԷɵ±ʷ֮ۡҪڹ±ʷͱϾҲסң±ʷܴɽзԲôɽŸֶԪҩоǼΪļƷԳȻ˵Ϊһ
ǵڶأȺʵ
Գ˵ڶȴ
㣿˵㣬ǲԹ±ʷģڳֱ¶֮ɫԳдżֲš
ȺУˣȫ¶֮ɫ
㣬½ϣһּΪ㡣ζΪϵĶʳġһӵһΪ֮ԣÿһ㣬ʮ꣡ͬʱӵٲǧ湦Ч
ɲʲô˵һһʵ
ֻʵ̫ˣÿһγ֣м䶼ʮϰ꣡
ңû֪㵽Ǵĳġ
Գðʵ𺳵ͬʱЩġ
ʵϣԳ˵֮Ҳ̲סΪ㣬ܣ
Ҳ֪Լôһʱ죬ܸ˵˳
ѳڣҪտ϶ղˡ
ʱɵ㣬˵ǲԱ½ʲôʱ½زˣ
ǰҲ˵㣬Լļ֮أ˵
ԳԼʹ˵ܣԵ˵ǲžˡ


169 ħ
ʱȺ˵㡭ҲδؾͲܡഫ㣬ԭ顣Ϲ䣬½գֹһѷ죬û֪ôɵġѷǷڹѾɿˡ
˶һ٣˵Ϸľʷ伮˵Ӧģǵѷ죬ʵֹġͬʱѷ죬вϽ飬뵽½㣬һ֡ѷе䣬δֻڼ½ϡңԭĹЧӦҲʮô򵥡
˼ңô֪Ⱥʵ˵ô֮䣬Īɣ
ǲ˵ˡ
˵λߣͷݺᡣߵʮݣȥмӡ
⻰΢΢һЦϷ򲻲ţ껹ļһ㣬ңҳԹһ
˻
Ⱥʱһ
ܶ˵У¶ŵĹâ
ܿ죬ʶߵģʮֹǰ˸к
ԭҲ
õָء
ԭ֮ǰûпʩˡ
һЩ½ߵߣ׷׹߼ȸ½ǱߵˣǿЩ
˵˵λ½ԵܺãȻرߣֻнʯ֮۷塣ΪԸԭ򣬺ϲָ󱲡ܶ½ϵߣʱָܹ㡣ӿȥʮ꣬ʵϣѾһٶˣ
΢΢һЦҪΪЩ档һʮСӣôôҸĿĲһҪȡĴСȴҪΪͽһġڿƺòʲôΪλصĴܣǾɱ˵ġ
ⷬҪڳı˵ڣ»ᱻЦ
ҪīʲôЦڳЩˣһõīϵƮ칬УԼīЩ
˭ҪǸ˵ǣ»ᱻҵĿˮ
ƫƫ˵֪ˣѷ
Ϊܴĸȥλ˵λ˼Ǹˡ
ǲͻȻλƺͷβֻǸһ׷ٳīȴһֱûг֣
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˲ɿЦǺοأǸīҲԩ޳𣬵ϵĴСҲͬһܹܵġʵҲֻõݴжѡûҪɱ
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ȺʱĬΪʵ˭סֻǲԸ˵ˡ
ʱͻȻеλǰ˭סǵĵѹǵľ磬ֵʲôĿģҪɱҲҪ׹ɣ
ȺʱһĬˣǶоλǵѹǾĴܣڰעǡ
ȻУһһɱ˶ᱦ飬˵Ӧ̰ԼĻʵȫ
ȺһƬš
һٶ꣬Թ̲ס΢΢۾ҪͨԼѧϰһЩӦԷλáȴ֣ȫ񡣲ʧ̾˿ױ˴˼Ĳ̫࣬޴
ñɱǣ˱֣һȺϣɱǣ᲻ȤУĮ
ڳЩ˵仰ȴͬһ㡣
ǰ˵ˣԼõ˻ӦоȻһ˿˷ܵĸоʵǰҪʲô
ͽ֣
ޱȵĻشڳһɧ
˵ϣ̲ס¶ŭɫ
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Ⱥˣôеλˣ˿뵽Էɲʵ֮Ⱥ˶ʱóĬ
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һ˻ħ̬ʵϣֻҪħЩĥѣͻףħġ
Щĥѣ޷ܡôԺиĥѣֽȥԣ
ǰԵ棿һ˷ܣȲʵ


170 
ħһȴκλӦ
⣬Ѿ㹻ڳЩ˷ܲˣ
ζû뵽ȻһĽ
Էľ֮ߣȻԶų֮ǵڸЩˣͽϵĴУǾ;ȥɣɱҲǣ
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Ƕеš̶ȣȺں޵ͬʱЩλصĴܡ
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ڳī֮ǰһն߰˿ͷһĻӡ˵ֿ־ĸо
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ЦЦҲ˵Ϲ䣬½Уѿǵ϶ģδؽϽͨ顣δؾûд˳ǵ϶ָоīʩչĹͲӦ֮ңϷȻ粻ߣôҲнʯ֮۷ˮ׼ϵ飬Ҳ֪һЩ
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˵ţǸϵĳǿߡ
뿴һЦЩţ֪Ĳࡣȷδ˵ǿߡ
Ǳһȸ½ߣҲ˵һǿߣľ磬ӦѾﵽ˻ƼŲľһʵɲ⡣Ҳû˵ӵֱ¡˵У½棬һ硣ֶΣˡ
ڳˣ̲ס
һǿ磬˵ֱ̫ңԶ
½Щõģ˵ȥ磡
ͷԣʵ뿴гī꣬жǿϷȻѾʧȥ˼ⱲӲл뵽硣ۿһţҲǼõһ顣
룿ʶһȵĿߡ
һ̹Ȼ˵ϷȻţȴΪߵһػߡ
⡭ڳЩˣɫȫޱȹ졣
Ⱥˣڿ˼ҪīϵƮ칬УҪնɱīƫƫȴһࡣ
ңǻû취ָʲô
ܲԼǿҪǿȱҲһǿɣ
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ʵϣȴǺܶе뷨
˵ڴҾ綼һͻȻչ͵ϮȻѷ
̹ȻҡҡͷϷ򲻻ǳֵģ˼Ҵ𲻴Ӧ˵οϷҲ뿴ҪΣܰ


171 
ԳǸϵǿͻȻվʩһ񣬵˵˵ô࣬Ȼ޶ۣҲġһε飬롭ˣ
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ʦѵҪ˳𣿡
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ʦֶ˳ˣǻʲôҲһ֪֮ûеˡֻǡһǸһõİִ¿ɬ˵ôˣû
Ҫǽʲôƽ϶סǾܶסˣ뵭˵ţһЩˡһ仰ȴû˵ڣ¼֮Ƿܼ䡭һ⣡
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Ͼī֮䣬ŲСĶԹ
ȥīʦ죬߳Ӳܾͬʱ˵ֺݺݵ˳īһ
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֮ǰţīһ꣬ôб¡Գ֣϶׵ĽʬΡԼĶӱѩޡ
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ǰɸң˨ţߵٴ˻š
ȻԼҲԹҡ⣬ΣУǵĮͬʱ˨ţͻȻоԼȫһᡣ
ǿֺ嫵˲صԼϡ
˨ţ¶һĨĹâҧǰұָ֤Ԥ𣿡
Ҫٸҷϻһ䣬Ҿɱ㡣УħɭȻΪǱĻ򶯣ֻ뿴ҵͽôɱ㣡
˨ţһҧֻҪǰ֣˭ɱ˭һأ
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Ҳ֪״ЩʯȻԽϵ
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ǧɸߵϣڳһ޴ޱȵĶȻǸǳīոڵġ
Сҿػܣ˨ţõΨһһűõĶݷɫ¡
Ҳѧˣ³īʯͷɴɵþ±ʷԶһ㡣շУȥͬһˡֻϵԺܴ
ȻѾľĴܣշУЩǿľշУһҲڰɸߵС಻ɡΪٸߵĻе磬˺ǳ
ԣľˣôߵա
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ʹͨȼڵԪ֧š
ԭʵԺʡǷһΣͣһᡣĻСİ취
ϧ취īʯͷûˡ
˨ţжԳīıɱɣּһǺ޵˹ȥ
ɵһǧɵʱ򣬻˨ţЩͦסˡڣŷ֣ǸСȻҲĹȻôߵĵطȥ
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һľĴܣȻӲһǾ꣬ʯͷ˻ȥ
ԶԶЩֵˣȫѾɵˡ


173 ˭
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һľĴܣ
£ĥ̴ʯͷϵȥһ˨ţܶԻ˨ţɶš
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߳ܡŭʹޡ֯һû˨ţ̲סٴһѪ
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ҪģֻǳīϵĴСɱīҲҪ󻼡
ȻλصĴܣҲǳīʦַʽĥԼͽܡôҲͿԷĴ󵨵Χ˳īʵڲУ˳ǡ
˵ī֮ǰ컹ЩԹأλԳˣҲѾȻ뿪ô
˵λصĴܣ˵㻰ġ
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Ω⻪˨ţûУ
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ǸƨλӡǾĴֲɵӣ˼һװԼͽȥһˡǹϣһֱĴ롣ã±ʷļƷԪҩҲˡһվʵǰܽķӡˡ
仰Ҳ˲˵ҲڹģԼķӡҪʲôʱܽ⿪
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˶Щɵۣ̲ס˵ողѾȥǰҲδ
δеһÿˣһۣķӡ⣡׷ɱҵͽܣɱɾߣɱǣͷǣһϴСеˣǵ㣿
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ȺһƬȻһȫĿɿڴֱϢɵˡ
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˵ɱǣ˵ͷǣУħޱȱ䡣
ǰңҴˣǰԭ£ֱȷ̲סڵϣͷ
ҲԸԶһۣ⣿УħдżϷʵǼȥû飬ҲǵġͽϵĶɱĻб£
ǰңԸϵһۣ⡭ڳܲסѹ˶ˡ
Ǿͳȫ㣡У
飡
˵˵һֱۣȻ飬һƬѪһҽУֱӻȥ
˭е
ȺһƬš


174 Ըܷ

ڳɹȺѾЩȥ롣īͬһʵͲֶΡ
ÿΣͷնޱȾ޵һͬجһ㣬Ⱥ˵ͷ
ǲҲҪǸ޷ܵĴ
ϵһۣһʵԶӡǾֽЩ˵Ҳһˡ
ȺеЩʯ֮˵Խܡ
ԶӡǾϣϵһۣôʵҲͱԪؾ΢ǿһ㡣ʵһֱСҲ̸Ǹְ
ͻȻ֣һֱڰʵɲλܡʲôؿ֮ӡȺ˵ʵľֻԼͽֶѡ
֣ü˵ģһӵȵס
ʱ˴ŵʵǰǳɹ˴Уɱ˳īǵķӡ
ˣˣ̲סкá
ΪǶˣλشܣ͵ðⶼС
ȻǻΪոǸԳ˺ȺˣѾȫ뿪ˡ˭뵽ЩѾشʹ
ͽܵĶɱҪҰǽ⿪ӡǰ׳𣿡Уɱ䣬һ˿ŭЦζ
شȺˣͬһͷˮ
˲ȻЦҲףһ·ǰҵͽܣҿ϶ҲŹɱѾլʺˡʲôʸҪأ
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СҼң
˵ǰԸܳͷԶһۣԶӡ硣
ҪôһͻȻվŭôôֻҪȡƮ칬ǷݴУǿǷݴУȥ³һеĴ֣ܳҲţϳ֮⣬ûܽ⿪ϵķӡ
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ܶ˵ϣȫ¶Ȼɫ
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˵й³һɣǶǸϵɡеۺ
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⿪ҵķӡɽ磬һ治˵Լֶζ¡ⷲ硭Ҫܽ⿪ҵķӡĿȥˣ
˵磬УĴܣҲⲻҵķӡ
ħľȻָֻƼŲľ۷壬ֶΣϵģ
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ԪΨе쾳ʱʽУһĻɫâ
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ԣЪ˹ĹĶħһ˿鶼Ƿ
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˵³һɣڳЩ˴ʸ֪Ǵڵˡ³һ˵ģ˭
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ǰҲԸܵͷ

飬Ըܷ
һʱ䣬жʮˣڵϣʹ顣
ȼȥȡīϵƮ칬УǾãǱסҪһЩ
Ⱥų򣡡ַԹ۵ŭ
顭
һѪЩڵϣԸܷˣұȫ飡
ûκνҿԣ
飬ҪеΡ
㣬û˿ӱܡ
Щֱ۱˵ȥЩ򱣳ѣҧһȡҩ߶µ˿棬Ȼվ˵תߣ
ֱ۱飬ʹ࣬۵裬꣡
ȴһԣҪԴ֤ǲ˻
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Щ˵û˸оο
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һֱҪīػߵʱҲ̲סͣ¶ԳЦݡĵīһֲʦﻹҪҵػߣһǲ
ʱУħĮλڴһķ⿪ķӡȥɡʲôʱľͽһػ߰ɡڵ㣬ʸ񡣡


175 ʯеˮ
ˣ
ȺжʱһƬȻ
ˣȫһӵĿָЩˣҲ̲סĽĿ⣬
̲ס૵кñȥҴ仰ڣˣ
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Щ򵱳ʹĲҽС
˶ΪԼˣʵҪܳͷЩ˵ǴһĽλصĴܣǸԹ֮ˡǳϴһ档
ǷԼشλصĴܣǻĻĻڹûκζҡһЩڹˣᣬάȡ
ǿʯϣ˰Σƺ˼ʲôƬ֮ϣ¶Ƶϲɫھʯϣհݣǰ㻯֮ƽû
˵ţվһֱ۶ϵЩˣ̾һҡҡͷ漴һԾ𣬽ʯ֮ʵչ¶Խʧǰ
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˵ţһ֮ǰ˨ţȥķҧܹѡһɽΪʲôͲܣΣҲҪõݴСʱΪԼļˣһԴ͸󣡡
ǰƴˣҾԼֱ۱ϵһӶֻһǾߣ
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ڳīո⣬Ԫͬһһ㣬еľӿ
̼䣬ͽīѾɺԵĵע˴Ԫ

һ֮󣬳īһ˫ۡ
ǿҵƣкУһɨա
ȻеȻأīȴԵĸоԼľ磬ٶǾڣǾĺڣ
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īԼЩֽٶȸŵ
ˡ
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īʱһĿǸط۾΢΢
Ҳ߱ĵ֮ϡ
һʲô⣬ɲǼ䣬ֱնǿһ


176 ȸ
ˣ
ˣ
δΪīľֹͣЩ
ˣ
ˣ
ˣ
ʲôƴײǸطˮҲʱöһЩʱûС
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ɽôֻܳŵĶ
ңķӦе
īЩͷԽԽٵĵطԥţҪҪæǵطڿ
ʱīؿŵУȻһպ˵ī̵÷һС
Ҫɱ˰ī̲סһץԼ·ͷؿûб̻
㱻˿ô൶īûпԹһ֪ոյǹжǿ
ųīһײʯڵȻֹ
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䣬ҳϡһɲɵζ
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ɱ𣬾͵ͬһ࣬𣿡ȸ˵ţϵĻøң·𶼸ȼˡųīֱ˼ǿҵѹƺƵͬڱա
ī΢΢鴤ţ̲ס
˵־ǼٵģֻȸϣɢǹɺƵĻϢǿҵѹȻħϣīûиܵ
ٶη壬īֲ̫ĸоͬʱīҲľãƺе㲻̫Ծ
üͷ˰죬Ŀʶ䵽ȸʯǸ档жʱһƺЩʲô
ţīԥĸ񴫵һȥ
񣬸ҿһǸʲô񣿡īʱѾе㿪ʼȸˣ
ɢƵĻϢӵгԼȼܻļһκ˼ˣ¶ԥİĴеȸ
ǣķʽе̫ˣ
ôǴ˵еް
һ򶴹˵ô
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īеĻɣȴǿ
ʱ򣬳īԸоϴǿҵȻ󣬳īʶģɨһĿռ䡣
ǣ鴤
ԭռеļƷҩģ֮䡭ҷ𣬳ʧ
ħҲû˴İɣ
īᡣ
ʱҲһϢ


177 󹫼
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ֻ֣֮⣬񣬾ȻûٸκεĽͣ
ôڿʦĲʱ񻹸ˣδ֪δ֪δ֪Ĵ𰸣񣬿ֻȸȻĵֻ֡
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īͷһ̲סˡ
ԭʯˮҪˣԼʮһ߶೤ͨڵ㣬һ
˵ô㼷һ𣬿ӦûŶԡīȴûżһζżУһĿ
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ˮʱٴעʯеˮֶ
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ʵ᲻ʧܣīûôࡣܸоЩӦʮֲϾֵĵط̫档Ǵ󹫼׷١
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ΪڳīոЩһ˲䣬󹫼Ȼð˳
㡭ЩŪȥˣɵ࡭̫޳ˣ̫Ҫˣôô֣㰡ү㰡һһңȻȸģĴ󹫼Ƿһųīצ
ողǱˣīŴ󹫼Щʵ
˭˵ģᱻһһķ˸ܣֱЦδ飬ʱ߿һ¡ڲͻ𣿡󹫼һϵעųīͼѹī
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󹫼һĵ׷˵ǧĴ޻û𣿡
īͷ
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178 ү
ۣ
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Һܺ档īֻȸ󹫼㵽ǴģðȸޣѵͲ±𣿡
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ܾܲܲԲܣ󹫼У¶һĨ֮ɫųīܿҵ˵㵽ôģ
ôһƽ͵̸̸𣿡īĿе߱һۡ
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179 
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181 ŭĻ˨ţ
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үɵѵ󹫼ŭΪүµ㣿棡
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īʹ󹫼ͬʱعͷȥ⣬󹫼ǸѨڴһſһˡ
īǳ˳飬һͬ˵˰ɣ
󹫼˿ҡҡͷӦòոһǰˣȻĻֻվڶڴǱȽϰȫġȻҲܸܵǹѹ̫⡣
īҡҡͷемͬΪ˱𲻹һе
骵һ硣īǸһﱳڹīţ㵱ʱһﲻ֣Ҳ϶ֵģ
骵ڶξͲӦٳǰ
ѵֻɱˣͲ˻
ԣīܹ⻪˨ţӱ飬ȴͬԷ˫֮䣬ҲûʲôɹͨˡѾǲݵľ棬īҲȥʲô
˺ð죬˨ţţӵڴڵĴŴԽԽԶӰ˨ţг𺳺Ͳ˼顣˴˿ֳ̣޵Ĺâ˺ܶࡣ
ΪѾ뵽굱УҪٱ
ǡһֻһֻ޴ޱȵļ˨ţųīߵĴ󹫼ֱԼ˫ۡԼĶͷԼǲǳ˻þ
ʱ򣬴󹫼иӦתͷԶԶĿŻ˨ţϣ㿴ʲô
ġġһֻ󹫼˨ţĿɿڴĿŴ󹫼૵ĪǡһִûйصľŽԪޣ
ŽԪͷ󹫼ʱˣȺûмʶ޴ϣ
īɨһ۴󹫼Ȼֻո˵ʱŰԼҲȥˡīҲûô˵󹫼Ҳǰ
˨ţǾҵĳ鴤ţ૵һ˨ţһʵѾľ䣬ߵģ˾쾹һֻЦˡ
īҹ˨ţţͻȻһȣˣѾǳ׷ˡһΣīȥ
䣡
ɢǹɿֲѹһν˨ţɳȥ
飡
ݺײʯϡ
һΣ˨ţͦݣˤȻҲ͸ݡ
۵һһѪ
һ˫У¶ޱȲʵĹâ˻ΪʲôΪʲôīƽµ߽ȥΪʲôһ˨ţͲУ졭㲻㲻
ۣ
˨ţٴһѪҡҡ׹Ҫڵϡ
˫УҲ̲סˮ૵ֻҵĶӱ𡭡ҴҴ졭ǲڹңϱӵʲôҪң
ȻһȺ񣬾Ȼ졭鶼󹫼˶ëЦǴ飬֮£黹ǳһġĪΪ飬ſ죬ҪӦ㣿ԳʯͷЩǺܲƽ
īĬţĥŴ󹫼ⷬڳ˨ţʵϣȴ̺ųīûнӴϵֻ󹫼ͷȻǲ򵥣
īаܱϲţıƭˡ
ī˨ţߣҳ
īվסͷһۻ˨ţ˵
ۣ
˨ţһҵķڣٶѪȻҧī֮䣬϶һҪ
ȥɡīĿһۣһᡣ
˨ţҵĶӡҲᣡȴϣ޹
ûݣҲн졣ңҽһһҲȫīЩ䣬ȻѾȥʲô˨ţĻóīֱƵĸо
Ǹӵģúûȥ
骺ܰһƣһȻأҲǻԸԭһƵϲͰȴһ㶼٣ΪһƣԷ˶Ϊ֮Щ棡
Ʈ칬һݴУ½ߵᡭ֮
ΪһƣȴӲˣ
Ǹˡֻһ㣬ôԵĹԣڻϻʮģ
ΪԼ棬һһһ
ͬΪһƮ칬ĴУһСϧΪ˴ɱ䡣ҲҪһǷݴ֡
Ǹ۲۵Ķˣ
ΪԼĿģȫǸ˽Ѫµˣ
ҲΪ骺һ˵ʱľٶڵǧ׷ɱ˵骺һˣµԴͷ


184 ĵִ
īһδγԼȻһδαѹɵĻ˨ţ˵ҲţΪһľߣһɵĳϡ᲻µʲô᲻ԼЩ顣ұ޿ɺǣΪΪʲôԭվҵϡȴһܺߡ̬ܺ˼𣿡
Ȼ˵һ޹㵽ôģīԶԶŻ˨ţʵ㣬Զ뱨ˣ
˨ţʱѾ˼صˣſڵϣʧȥˣٺٲЦСûȢӣûеԶҵָܡ֪дҺЩʲôЩʵҪҪǣҶӣɱҾҪɱ㣡
īĬһᣬͷǾɱɡ
˨ţţȡһƿҩ૵ⵤҩҵһλ˸ҵġλ˸ңгһգʱ򣬿Էöҩⵤҩ֮󣬱ɣȴԽʵһĴ󾳽磡īӦøеңһľǿߣΪ㡭öҩȻҲҪҶӱ𣡡
վڳīԵĴ󹫼Цһ󾳽磿ľôûõģүһȰ߰ɣ˵û㱨𡣡
ߣҲߣ˨ţһĿųīҧ˵ҲҪСһ
˵ţ˨ţֱӽҩСţһǿϢԻ˨ţϱصƣڷٵĻָСͬʱ˨ţоԼУӵ޾
һĳųīһΣ˨ţֱ߳Զ
ɢǵصѹƺ޷ˡ󹫼˵һУȻõġ
ǵøľɡӵľ޴ѹ»˨ţ˿̵ʵѾﵽľĲΣѹȻûκ塣
䣡
µѹһν˨ţɣݺݵײʯϡ
ǼӲޱȵʯڣײ¡¡죬ʯϡﻩĵ
˨ţ쳤Х
īң㾿ôѹӰģ˨ţѪųīŭ
ī˻˨ţһۣе߱죺
Ǻǡٺ٣˨ţЦ૵лл㣡ҲĿˣ˵öԣһ˨ţȷûˣ骶㿴𣿡
һ䣬˨ţǺģУˮ䣺骶ǵǵʵΪĲԩֶ֣Ī˵㡭ǵҲһҪ˼ûԼǿƥʦֵˣ
˨ţ˵ţڲϣųīīһ˨ţˣ𣬵ţһ죬£϶ú
˵ţ˨ţֽһὣء
ॣ
ǰѽڵϣ˨ţĲϣѪ쮷ɡͨһˤ
һλľĸ֣Ծ
һǿĵˣ˵ӦÿĲŶԣīУȴûκϲá
վīĬ˺ܾãһ仰Ҳû˵
ԵĴ󹫼ƺҲ˳ĬˡûбҪΪ𡣡
ûСī
У󹫼˵㲻ΪɱдȴƵģ
īĬţû˵
󹫼Цо仰УӲ̸֮𣿡
īͷ
󹫼˵㻹ʲôģȻүر˽µ򾭹֮ĶԻҲܲµ¡ܴСԼĶӣôҲͲᷢЩˡԣҲãҲãԼֲñˡ
īһ۴󹫼ô˽⣬ĪǰǳＦ
ǳＦүƴˣ󹫼ġ
īһԡ
󹫼㬵ĵүôӢ䣬㲻Ҫ̫ĽСӣڿ㣬ʶô
˵䣬ī󹫼ѾӽĳѨ
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ī߱쳯һָЩľٵļҶʱɿȥ
øһĴ󹫼һĽ׵鲻飬ĳЩʱ򡭡дð


185 
󣬳īĶȻ¿ȥͬһڲʮָɾм䣬ŴĲݣлмɫֲð
ϵɢǿҵѳī
ʵϣѣīҲܸомǼ̵ֲ϶Ǻö
ΪС
ֲѹ֮£ЩԵ֮ϣ˰Ȼ˵Ƿ˭ţ
󹫼īĿǼ̵ֲϣһת˵ôǼˣ٣ǿӣϣ硣ѿʼɳ֮󡭡ɶǾݣһʮ㣬ô
ģīһ۴󹫼
󹫼ŭųīСӣҪûİҲ˵ǲǼүҵģ˵ոգҰ㣬԰ɣ
īͷû
㻹ү̸󹫼һߵ˵Ǹ쵰Ժ󣬼ү꣬ϤϣŰ󡭡
īһĿŴ󹫼Ȼʵ󹫼˵ʵ㡭ʲôô
󹫼ԥ죬Щ鲻Ը˵أ½磬Ϊ㣬ǶʳġӵٲǧĹЧңÿһܹʮԪûޡ
ôīһȡû뵽ڲһ㶼۵㣬ȻӵٵЧ
һͿʮԪʮĻꣿܹһֱȥĻǿԳˣ
ﻹʲô㡭ҩ
ȻʵҲûôţݼүҵĿ֤㣬½ϣӦÿһǧҡҲ˵ʮ֮ٷãûЧˡ󹫼˵
һǧꡭҲܿ˺ðɣīŴ󹫼֪֪ڵĴĵ۹ӽҲһǧң
󹫼Щмıͷȥ׷䡭˵ʲô˼
һʮ꣬ʮһǧꡭīֹţһСģԼЩһϲõĵʮˣ
ʮ󹫼۾Ҫˣµּүһ룡ǼݣȫˣС̫ãЩ㣬ɽϵȫˣү࣬׷Щһ꣬Ҳųһǧ
īǳ˳飬ɴ˫ۣŴ󹫼һǧ
󹫼ЩεЦ˼¸¡үСʳǧ꣬ųԵЩѾˡ
㻹û˵Щ㡭ʱʲôأīŴ󹫼׷ʡ
硭ʵҲûʲôһ㣬ʵǿһѡģ󹫼Ŭֱı飬ֻߴﹾ飬ġ
㣬ô˵ī˵ţһԾ¡
Ȼߵ⼸ݸǰûʲô⼸ݣȻԶ𣬷˳īؿڵС
Ĵ󹫼ʱɵۣųīؿڣһ۵СӣĴռ䡭ѽݡȲҪȥܸҿ
īһĿŴ󹫼붼룡
󹫼һָֻųīСӡǲʵүжϣǶһҲϣ
īŰ۷ϵʲôҸ֪˵ʲô󹫼ĪҲɱ˶ᱦ£
󹫼ʵĵͷүȷôɣ
īͷߡ
󹫼У¶֮ɫ˵Ͳףϵ˵ζʲô࣬ƣΪ֮ףҪȴǧѣÿһ󾳽磬١ԣһЩ֮أһЩҩģ˵ΪҪı֮غͶҩġôѰңв֡һУȫ˺ܶ࣡
īû˵ʲôֻƽĿŴ󹫼
󹫼۾ߴﹾתţƺ취ãЩɥĴԴ˵үľ磬磬ҲѹƵֻ̫ЩЩûʱЧүʵҲһ겻һꡣڣȻӵŴʦľ硣ȴȫе߱ѹơڼүͦĽЩˣ١Ϊ̫ƽܲѵϵɱô
أīƽĿŴ󹫼
ϼмүҪ㣬в󹫼ͷɥ˵Ȼ˸ߣүƺûеڶѡ񡣡
ûԸԸţīüŴ󹫼㣬Ըոһˣ
үԶŵļô󹫼ʱţţԼЩɥĵͷ񡭡ҪԲԶţͦѰ


186 컯֮
īһ۴󹫼˵Ȼô߼ĵطӦöһЩɣ
ʲô󹫼ĿЩƵĿųī
˵ʲôԼ֮ġīںţʵϣԼֶûж֪ܶϵĴϣ˵ġǾǲǵֻ֪
󹫼ֱţŭ֪СģԼޣ붼룡
Уī۾һŴ󹫼˵ô죿
үԱ֤˺㣡үԼģ󹫼һĿųī
īʾɡ
ôûУǲ֪꼦ү󹫼Խ˵ԽС󣬸ɴ߳ŭĵ˵ô죿Ҫ߱һܣ
ôҪҸɴԸֽţɱī˸ۣ󹫼ȤûС
󹫼ҲԼҪ󣬸ղضĻ˨ţƺûжЩڨڨĵүø㡣
ǣԼ귢ģҶҶ˺ҵͷҷ𣡡īŴ󹫼˵
ôûͷ󹫼ŭĵֱ뺦ү
ҲһּīͷߣܰѲҪ˵ֱ׳ǳʶˣ
ߡ󹫼һȻ˵Щˣܾ÷ûʲô˲áΥԣҲʮа˾ŲӦ顣ȴһ飬ǰԣЩԣδػһӦ顣Щԣȥһ̣Ҫֻ֮ʱȴͳͳˣ
ǰֻأīŴ󹫼ֻأ
ƹֻأʲôֵģ󹫼˸ۣȻ˵ԣүܷԡȻү˭ұ֤ûһһ켦үأ
˵ǷƵġī
󹫼ȴûīȥȻ˵ҪɣүԷģԲ˺㣬ҲϵĶСӡҲ÷ģҪүԣ
øңЩ㣬硭ʲô㣿ĹЧīŴ󹫼˵
˵ô⣿󹫼һԸƾ㣬Ҫ磬ûһ붼룡
ҵ¡ī˵
ү㣡󹫼ŭ
Ҳ̫ϲ㡣ī˵
һһ۵С۵Ŀ˰졣󹫼˵Уүڷ֮ǰԸ˵ţ󹫼̾ϢһֻسأƹܡֻسУһ컯֮š˵ʸ컯֮ŽֻسصģȫһܣǾ컯֮Ž뵽ֻس֮󡣿ѡκһֻֻͨغ󣬻ǰ䣡
ͬһţīҡҷȴɵʲôϵ
㼱ʲô󹫼˳īһۣȻ˵ʲôˣʸ컯֮ţûôǿˣ̤ţᱻ˲˺ƬʱɾǻɢˡˣһЩûʸ̤ŵˣҪѡֻصͨҪǰ䣬ֻͨһַʽ
ī΢΢һŴ󹫼ͻȻое⼸ʮ㡭ƺͻȻ䣬ֵ
󹫼ųī㣬Ϊ컯֮㡣㣬Աֻ֤صĹУǰļ䡣ãԵ컯֮еߣôһѡֻͨĻᣡ
㡭Ȼ󣡡ī
ԣСӣֱõû취Ҫ磬컯֮鴫ȥ⵽ܵĹͬ׷ɱЩԪϲĻʯ׷ɱ㣡󹫼ЩʵĿųīһСӣȻôүֱû⣡
ԣҪʦ㲻˺ҡҶҲܽЩϢ֪ˣīֱӲһ䡣
үûôûڲ٣㱻׷ɱԼүʲôô󹫼ŭĿųī
ī˵컯֮㡭ӦûбʲôЧû˵
󹫼һֻҡҡ˵ˣôܣүˣûбĹЧˣ˱֪㣡
ԣ϶УīһƶĿŴ󹫼ڸҪֻأϵѪҲûиɺԣҪԪԣ϶ʲôЧ
㡭󹫼ɴ˫ۣųīڿһ˺һᣬĵ̫ƻˣҪ඼үô죿
˵˵ɡī˵
ðɣ㡭Զˣܵ١Ϊ컯֮㣬Ȼϴһ˿컯֮Է˵Ǽү̰ͼЩ컯֮㣬ôֵܸط󹫼̾˿մѷȼүиϡүһʱ̰һʱԥûڴѷر֮ǰȥ
ЩˣīŴ󹫼ȻЩ̫ŵʵ


187 
Щˡ󹫼̧ͷųīЩʵ˵컯֮˵ͬҲо޴ĺôʣøǿ
⻰ī΢΢˫ۡʦΪ˸ıʣĴѰҸ߽ԪޣԪ޵ѪҺʽǿû뵽Щ컯֮㣬ȻҲЧ
ܽ˵ʣǿʲô̶ȣīʵ
󹫼ЩȵĿһ۳īû뵽īȻ
ݼү֪½ϡû˹עҲûйʵĵȼô֪ģ󹫼һɵʵ
īһ߱죺ܵõ֪ʵȼʲôֵģ
ðɣ󹫼һ䣬˵ڳ컯֮㣬ԽԼʣѸżȻԽ죬
īһ㶡
ħ߹ǿʣ졣ô£
ʵһʵȼͳơ󹫼ҲǼį̫꣬ϲţΪʦȻ˵ˣҲûīʲôֱӽ͵ʣ̫֡˵Ǹ˵Ѫߵ·ͬʵʱõʣҲȫͬ
˵һֱˣ֮󣬿ܻΪѪʣһֱͨΪˣһͻƵʣܻΪʣһЩˣΪѪΪʥʡʣͬһЩޣӵǵʼѪֱӾǵÿһǿƥ
أīŴ󹫼ǷѪ
ȿȡ󹫼ƤȻȽϺ񣬵Ҳûֱ˵ԼǷѪ˳īһۣ˵үⲻǸŬ𣿡
Ҷˡīͷ˴󹫼ΪʲôҪ컯֮㲻ɡԭıԼʣӶıԼѪ
㶮ʲôˣ󹫼ûĿһ۳ī
ī˵ÿһֻһűɷ˵ģ
С˵үƴˣ
һ󼦷֮󣬴󹫼ϵëһ㣬īϵ·Ҳá
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СƤ߱ү򣡡󹫼һĳ
īЦбԼľѹƵǾСүգۼɼ飡
˼֮˫Щģͬĵģ

ī󹫼۵С۵Ŀ˰죬ȻŶһԸķ
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ڿˣīһ۴󹫼֮ܵУŨޱȵԪòֱ̫ˡ
ðɡ󹫼һ۳īЦСӣֱ֪ôү֮ǰ˵Ǿ֮ʱûзġҲûƭ㣬ȷǾѵ֮أȴľ֮أԣԲǼүҪ㣬ԼүΥŵԡ
󹫼ţȻһ˫ۿųī
īûȥ󹫼ֱϥ£ʼ
ķһУ͸о֮ڣɲǼǹһ籩˲γһȫԪ硣ȻԪײųīͷ˹
󹫼ŵùֽһԶȻһĿųīֹԼĲ찡󣬴󹫼̲סѵСӡǲеģģ
󹫼ҲֻóīԸѣȴûҪɱ˳īΪȻޱȴѲȴһ飺˭ܿģ
īȴһԪɵ罫֡Ԫײϸĵط˳ųīͷ­ֱӿ롣
ǿ֮һչ¶࣡
ԪޱȾˣķ֮£ȴûжԳīľγκ˺
Ԫ˳ųīͷ­ӿ룬ȻɢīȫľС뵽Ԫ
ˣдԪīû취ôաľ磬Ͼ̫Щ
ȴû˿ţ⣬̺һ˳ؿڵľһԵġȫע뵽˲С
ռĴʯǿŻͻͻżѿСһ˲䣬ֱӱԪ֡
Ȼȥû̫ı仯īȴЩĿռ䣬źܴĺô
󹫼ĿɿڴĿһĻЩɵۡСʲôķôǿ̶ֳȣ⡭ⲻ԰ԪҽĻۣԪѾﵽ˿ֲĳ̶ȡôһӶˣǸ𣿡
ŴԪĲע룬īĵ･ʼ仯
ǾĺڣʼǾ۷ȥ
ʱһӵԶ
ˣ˳Ǹ뵽


188 ñɽ
󹫼һವһ£ֱˣԶȥȻЦ¸£Сӣ׷ɱˣ
õô𣿡īʱѽԪյУ׼˳ƳѪͻء˴ţʮֲʹ졣ɴֹͣһҲֱϷԶȥ
šǻôȷ˻˨ţʬ壬
ϾһľĴܣЩ˵Уɱ˳īҲԲӦŶԡ
˷ֻ˨ţƺڱϣʱеڱôɱģ
ɱôܣûб֮ǰɱ˱ʾԽܡ
ʱɢǹѹ֪ΪΣҲС˺ܶࡣˣȺˣûи֮ܵǰ˨ţܵѹ
ԣǰ˼⡣
ǰһĸӱôɱ
ĪǱԻȻþɱģɻ
طôо˹죿üͷȻ̧ͷԶָ̲סһǡʲô
Ҳ̧ͷǾ޴ޱȵһȫĿɿڴʧȥ˼
ôȥһŴġѣ˲ȷ
ѣ˿϶ĵ
ôô񣿡˱ʾɡ
ǿռϷָЩ޴ޱȵĿ׶طȷӦĳֶĳѨ
ѵСһŽԪ޵ѣ˵Щ֪ǼģǱŵġ
ʱ򣬺ԽԽȫǰĳ𺳡
Գվǣ૵Ǹ˵Ǹ˵Ȼģ벻Գ֮ꡭȻܹ֤Ǹ˵
֣ʲô˵
ǰʲô˵
ǵĿ⣬ȫתԳ
ԳĬһᣬ˵½֣ôģ
໥һۣȫ¶֮ɫ
˲ŵɵ˵Ѩôܣ
ǣ½ȻԶΪģǣ˭ӣϵĵ伮棬ûйǵļأ
ǣȸ½ˣҲûȸһȸ½˵
ԳȴЦǵУ˭ʲôģΪûͲ𣿡
ڳЩˣȫǳ鴤ű͡Գһ仰Զԡ
Ĵڣ½ĸ߼Уܡܶɶ硣
ҲµûǰǸ޴ĳѨӦþѨҺСʱ򣬾ʦŵĳ˵Զʱפ±ʷ棬ͣ˺ܶꡣ±ʷԭҲӵģǱıġΪϲ飬
Գ˵֪Ϊʲô𣿾Ϊ㣬Ǹһģĵط϶ͻ컯֮㡣
󹫼ͳīվѨĶˣһǱ߿λáԳ⻰󹫼мĵһɺԣֱǺ컯֮жԶͻܶԶ컯֮뷲硣ǻ쵰ȻĻôô˺ˣ
󹫼⵱У͸¶һ׮𾪵ʷ¡
īһ۴󹫼ԸĻҲӦ뿪ز磬٣ɽ硭˵ӦòѰɣ
󹫼һ۳ī˵컯֮ûԹ
īЩ̫Ŵ󹫼ĻƲƲ죬ȴҲûжʡԶ
ȺԳĻȫ̲ס
һ˷ܵ˵˵ǵ컯ˣ
δءһˮľĴܻ˨ţĪҵǾãط죡
Ⱥ˱΢ЩĬţԳ˵뱦ɽɿֶأΣգԳҲҪȥ̽һ̽
˵ţԳչΣķֱ˹ȥ
һЩеԥˣҲȫ̲סԳһȥ
ΣգҲп̲Ե
˵Զ޵ĳѨ˵嶼ϲռ֪Ѩ֮У᲻дı
ԣһȺ˸Գȫ˹
ЩոմǶѨˣ֪ʲôǰȫҲ漴һų
ԶȺѹѹˣīЩֵʵо޴ѹôûˣ
󹫼һ۳īûˣǱСˣ
ΪʲôīЩ֡
㻹˼ʣոһԪȫˡôûűأ󹫼гź


189 һƬ
ι󹫼ʲô̬𣿡ī˴󹫼һۡ
󹫼ͷһԣͷʺļһһģͬôī
ʱ򣬳ǰԳͻȻ䷢һУȻֹɫ԰ף̶۵һһѪȻѹѹ֮
ԳȽϽЩˣҲȫһ԰׵һѪЩ˫ȾҲЩ޷վ̲סȥ˳ԶѹСһЩ
ʱǾľ룬Ѿʮ
˴Ԫǹǿɢ˨ţͳԿϣȻĻһľܣôܾԾ
һʱ䣬ܻȫͬϧǣ˨ţûǸġ
ȫֹڴˣЩ̽ţҪǰŲ˼ȫɫҰ׵˻
ѹȻѹȵȺ޷Ϣ
һɽֱѹϣ
⻹ǳīеԪȫաȻĻȺǶѨ֮󣬿һӽ
ô죿ѵǾšһĻԵǰȴܵõ𣿡һʵ˵
Գۣ૵ѹǰɣϣһ˵ţԳһǰߣһߵˣͬʱȡһ
֮һƴСĶúܶ׭š
Щ׭ȥѾ൱ͷˡɫѾ壬ּʲôģҲѾģ
֣ʲô˺ʵ
ԳһŵĽҿЩžɵķ׭ͷҲص˵ܣ
ȷܣһܣ
Ϊƴ󣬱Ϸ׭ŵĶһƬۣ
ⶫԳʦŴģԼҵ棬Ĵұ
ԳںСʱ򣬾ͱ֪Ƭۣ½ϵͼڡϵһƬۣ
٣Գȴһֱûлȥ֤
ոƬһó͸оѹС˼֡ȵ˺һŷ׭ֻ֮©һۣ־޴ѹʱʧһգ
ԳʶĽеķ׭ȫ˺
ɲǼ䡭еƬ۹⻪
޴ʯߵУȻһޱȵ֮
վڳīߵĴ󹫼ŵֻסԴﹾǸ쵰ôŶġүˣ
īɫҲЩ԰ףһͰϸȥ
е߱죬ؼʱ̣ɢһɵɱ˲佫һɢѹȥīŵƽ
ٿԳǱߣԳֳɵɵվ֮⣬ˣȫһ˲ڵϡ
ⲻǱ𺳵ġһ֮У̺ŵ־
Ǹû취վ
šʯߣеѹ˲ʧһգ
󹫼ĸԣһ۳ī˵Ļ쵰ȻһƬϡˡҸӣҪɱ
īһ۴󹫼
󹫼ЩŤ˵أүǷ쵰һ飬ءҲСС࣬ȻڼүУȫֵһᡣȻ쵰һƬҲһԵ֡ԣһɡүţ϶˵ġʵ˵Ҳνġ
˵ţ󹫼˸ۣ쵰ŵҪ֮һëû£Щݣʵڿۡûж
īһͷߣǳ˳飬˵Ҫҷأ
ˡүϣ¶һ˿ЦȻ֪ˣСӣ˴ˣ
ˣī΢΢ü
󹫼˵ſ֣
ʱ˶ͻȻоһɽѹȻ˲ʧһգ
£Щ˵۾ȫ䵽ԳƬϡ
ЩĿ⣬絶̰
Գ˲оһεѹѹȹдŭȵʲô
īͬ˿ټԡƮ칬ĴУ˵ңɼ
ʲôأҲδ֪
һˣȸ½ɣëûõһôûУȴ۽ȫʧء
һǼĶǰ
ģ
ôܣ
Գ࣬ޱȺԼⶫóȻʱΪѾ˶ˡ
Ⱥҵۣ
ţԳȾܣ
ܵķķΪУͬҲڵеıѾ۵һۣس󺶣
ಣ
Գθո𣬾һѷɵĺġ
Ѿ̲סֱӶ֡
ȺˣԳŭһΪѾȺ˽еطѷɵû˵Գðһɺ
֪ΪΣʱ˿̣ƺͻȻе˳ī׷ɱʱָܡ


190 һ
ŭΡɱݺᣡ
֮ǰԳóīСǹݣһѾɱӯҰ
ȴ޲ԼҲӵһɱ˵Ⱥ̰Ĺͷͳͳˣ
Ⱥ˸˵ȫԳҧгݣҪԳе۶ߡʱ򣬻Ų˵ˣ̰ȫޱǿҡʵʱ׷ɱԳ
һĻīЩЦǺ֣
󹫼Цʲôһỹиʵأ
ʱīͻȻоһ޴ޱȵƺ˲ˣ
īһ漴뵽ʲôһ˫۵ɵϴ
šīԼ¾޴У˲ϰľ٣
еľ٣ȫޱȣͬһ˸˷ɳĳìݺݴȺˡ

ʲô

ǻģ
Ⱥһ󾪺ţһҽе
ֱӱľٴӸȻ˲ɱȥգ֮䣬ͳһá
ЩˣҲȫûӹľٵĹ
˴ȱ̴ľϰͬƬ֮󣬱㱻ľٽȫѪɣһá
üı
Գ֮⣬ˣڼ֮䣬ȫľɱ
޴ĿռлصȺ˾ʧĲҽУЩˡȴѾˣ
ֻʣһԳۣĿɿڴվһҲҶͬʱԴֹͣת
ڣûŪף׷ʲô
ҲǱȺ׷ɱôôǡȫˣЩľ١ôܻɱˣãԳһ飬ŻĶһ£ͬʱֹǲΣ
ţԳ壬ȻĴһ¡˫ȫľȻ飬Ҳڻָɣȴ¶ޱȿ־֮ɫ
һĻ̫졣˵ǹ³һеˣ飬¶ᱻŵ
Щľټÿһ棬һ߸ʬʲôûеõľ٣ƺЩʣڰзţһߡ
ֵǣЩľ٣ԳȫӶľپԳߣҲȫÿ
ԳһҲҶվ죬˿ƬۣȻͻȻЦ벻벻ԳȻҲн죿Ⱥ˵һȺǵ׷Ұ׷
ԳЦᶼ״񡣹˺ܳʱ䣬ֹסЦվǣ¶˷ܵĳ֮ɫ˵л˱ӣл˱ӣ
˵ţֱӹڵϣķ򣬹Ŀͷ
īʹ󹫼һ໥һۡ
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ǱߵԳȴ֪ˣͷվ˵ǰ϶˴УЯһƬۣǰܹף
󹫼һֻԴ˵үһ٣
ȥī
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˵ţīЩźĵʦȺ˸õģû뵽ȫϵľٸɱˡ
󹫼һĿųī㲻ԭǴʦŴġ
ʱһضɽҡľһζͻȻ
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󹫼ʱͻȻ˵һǸʦطʶôӦЩˣý࣬ȻԸǸ
󹫼˵ţͻȻͷϴһĲһâ˲ս١
󡭡һɽѵľ졣
һͬһ
ѨȻϷӲĸն
ףʦȻһУīڸܵǹϢ˲䣬ֱ뵽ħ˿ʩչһС
ڤ˵еĵ嵶ף
ơֱ
󹫼һƫԴͷϴļֱųīСӡʦĹ
ʱһ𣺡ĹҪô
ţīʹ󹫼ǰһһµħޱĳǰ
ʦīһġ
󹫼һ־壬ħϣܵһɱ
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ħЩмĿһԳīһ˵ʦҴӦ󹫼һ·ˡ
ħһ䶼ûжʣͷط
˵ţһԳʱ˳Ÿոħĵطֱ׷ɳȥ


191 ѹμƷԪҩ
̣󹫼ûпΪóޱǿ࣬ûҪɱֳ˵˼
ħԳӳȥʶţƽءüһŴ󹫼Щȷ˵켦
󹫼ֱסħˣ
ħҡҡͷɽ硣
ɽġôϵüү󹫼һĿħгɻ
ڼգ켦ħ˵ϣ켦֮⣬벻ּ
ǿô󹫼ЩȷĿħȻ˵֪ʶԨΪʲôͽȴ֪Ǽүռô֪ʶ
飬֪֮١ħ˵ңҲҵͽܣ֪̫Ǻ¡
̫Űˡ󹫼һĸħֵ̽Сһ뵽磬˽ĶЩкôġ
ħ˴󹫼һۣô֪һܹ磿
󹫼ͻȻȻ򣬸¸¹Цԭˣʮɽˣԭ֪£¸¸¸£ֲءү֪ʶȻԨģ¸¸¸£
īһħ˵ʦҡ
ħȴڰ֣ǷݻԵֻ켦֪˰ɣôйأ
īͷЩòӦʦ
ħȴһѵİڰ֣Щ飬Լ顣һֱ㣬ǲΪѡΪҺܣ˵ûжΪѡ
ħУѵ¶һĨ飬Ȼһǽгī׽
ħ˵ҲԭӰ쵽ҵһ֮ģϣκһˣܶԼĻԵԼԵݻԵԵǱ˵ȥδãЩˣӰ쵽ԼġҲ򷨲ֵ׵ֹˮԣõķǡ
īħֻⷬидΪûн뵽ĵǸ磬Ȼʦ˼ȴָо
һԵĴ󹫼ȫͬˣӴϾġˣħ֮ⷬ󣬴󹫼ʱȻ𾴡ħȻֻɽˣүţгһգȻ̤磡
ħһЦô˵
īʦⷬ˼ʦƽЦݱʹࡣˣ̧ͷħ˵ʦһ̤磬ΪСҫһǣ
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īͷȵȣ
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һԵĴ󹫼۾ʱˡīҪѰЩҩģ϶ڲָ֮£
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ħųī˵ãȥɣһ׻Ƴǵ㡣
ħ˵ţûٸīֻǿһ۴󹫼УżвȻವһ£ʧա
󹫼һֻظԳī˵ʦͦµġ
ļҲɽˣīЩֵʵһ䵹ǵȷеЩ֡
󹫼һ۳īˬĵһвṦͨˣүֲսСү켦ļȫͬĸСӣ
īޱһԾ±ʷϷôֻ̫ļ
󣬲ī±ʷϣе̺ʽչΡ
Ѵ󹫼Ŀɿڴóָųīʵ˵ĲɼһЩСӡ㶼ɽеļƷԪҩɹˣСͲܸүһ̫ˣʽĲҩǲµģһ㶫
󹫼ʵ˵ЩˣīɵЩԪҩȫޱȾԶļƷԪҩһЩٵģīûж࿴һۡ
󹫼һʼ˸īԪҩ˼µͷűߵķ֣Ͳ
С̫ƻˣһʼֱ򼸸طڳīǰͷױȵٶȣֱ˹ȥȴʲôûУֻмӲݡ
ȻٿīѾһ꼫ƷԪҩ
ȵһȻīƭΣ󹫼ɴ಻ˡΪСӶľٶյʵ̫׼ˡÿζòκջ
ֻվǿųīѹΡ
˵󹫼±ʷѾ꣬Ӧñκ鶼˽⣬ҪҵЩƷԪҩӦòѲŶԡ
ʵϣ󹫼ȻʶԨԪҩֶһϲͨ
еҩģɢҩԲġʵԽǶҩģԽǿȥƽȻĻôܰȻܶꣿͱɽԵԪ޸Թˣ
īǸ˴󹫼꼫ƷԪҩģȻϲ˵īȴסֻ󹫼ʵܴæߣҲһ


192 ڤӣֻس
̣һ·ī󹫼ߵʮ˳һ·ϼûκˣ
һһû¶쳳ܣӹõҲ·ߵôԣ֮󣬳ī󹫼Żص׻Ƴǰ֮ĵط
վһɽϣԶΡǡ
ôĴǣҲͦ𺳵İɣīԵĴ󹫼Щʵ
𺳣󹫼ЩͬĿһ۳īгһգ磬֮˵ְɡ
Ȥ˼䣡īŰ۵ˣ󹫼㲻ҽǡЩ˶Żġ
үôӢ䣬ôŵˣ󹫼һĿųī
īǳ˳飺Ĺ
ЩļôܸүᲢۣ󹫼Цıͷȥ
īͷߵĿŴ󹫼ǲǾã׷䣬޵еģ
ɣ󹫼һĵүȻһֻսҲ˭ʸүսһµġ
˰ɣҪҽǣͱ͵һ㡣ӡֱ̫ˣī˵
˼Ǽү̫Ưˣ󹫼ųī
īһŻı飬Ȼ˵ҵ˼ǣҪǲ뱻ɺռ飬͸ҵ͵һ㣡
Сӡ󹫼ųֱӳīսһš
ү޵һţ
Ƭ֮󡭡
צÿȻ㣡
Ͳÿ
òߣߵĻүҪ͵ˡ
Żүֶ𣿡󹫼һֻŲųīȣһߵ˵
īЦԺеģ
󹫼㬵İצÿߺĵǼүĶ֣֪вҲӶˡ
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ڵʵ߱죬ȫǴ󹫼Ķ֡ȴִ˲ƣĸ󹫼ܡΪֻȻųԼսһսʵ൱ǿ󣬶սҲʮֵ͡
һαīǰǲǶʱ򣬸չֳױȵǿսӲѳī˸ͷֱ߱вſϰݡ
󣬴󹫼һСȻѰĹҪһ
ô󹫼Ļ˵ǣүⱲӶûôίԼѾ
īòóһ컯֮ƽ󹫼ǿ˵ġãֱô󹫼еĲ׵˾⡣
ǸʯӣīռͻͻСԱߣЩ컯֮ȫ
մ󹫼˵γɵ컯Щ컯֮˿⡣ңЩ컯֮㣬ֻҪõ㹻ʳܿͻῪʼѷֳ
īʼ컯֮ʲôʱ򣬴󹫼ȴЩ֧ڳī߱׷֮£ò߳ī컯֮ʳ粻ܴڡ
УҲұ֤
һרڤеĳӣΪڤ档
ڤʲôӣڤĺ𣿡īʴ󹫼
ּ֮ءеĺΪڤӡ󹫼ͷ˵
ֵط½ǰɣīƵʵ
󹫼ĵͷ½Ҫֵطͱʴκڡڤޱߣֵط
ûڤӣȻҲͲڤ档ûڤ棬Щ컯֮Ͳܲѷֳ󹫼Ҳ˵Զʱһֱ졣½ϵ컯֮㣬ʵһĶûУԽԽ٣԰ɣīɭ䣬һƵĿŴ󹫼
ȿȡү˵
Իǲԣ
ԣ
īŭŴ󹫼Ȼ֪Ϊʲô˵ԽԽ٣ֳԷͦǽ磡ͻᱻԾʱô죿
󹫼ڨڨĿųīү֪̲ס
ӽ쿪ʼһԣīֱгһգǽ磬ҵڤӣץڤ档Ȼۿ컯֮ѣ
󹫼īŭҲЩ˼˵ʵֻڤ滹ǲġ
īͷߵĿ
󹫼˵Ҫֻسˮ
īǿһ󹫼ĳ嶯ŭ磬ȥ
ү˵ֻسˮֻسصˮ󹫼ΪԺܳԵ컯֮㣬СĽţǳīֻسءʵκһ죬Ǵڵġ½ͬҲС
ģ
ģ
ãͷȥī˵
󹫼һĵǵطеΣա
˵㵨ôôСīŭ
󹫼ҲˣүССӣ˵ģүס仰ʱ򣬼үȥֻسأҪǲȥȡˮͰ仰үʻȥ
һһͬʱһǶԷʩʩȻ߻׻Ƴǡ


193 Ͷ
ʱī뿪׻ƳǣѾȥ¡
׻ƳзɣƺκθʲôͬĵطһǣϸĵĳīǸо˱仯
ȣ׻ƳЩȺеˣӰ
ͨ˷ֱ治Щ˸Լʲô𣬵ͬ˵Уȴúܷ
׻ƳǵĴϣīʹ󹫼ջ˲پȵĿ⡣˵жϳݣ׻Ƴǵ˼޹ģģȴûм޼ġ
һֻʰ쵣øߴ͵Ư󹫼ݵĸһߡд˵ưһִ꣡
裬㿴ֻ󹫼ôѽƯһСŮһٸ½һĿŴ󹫼
ǰĺƯأٸ¶º͵Цݡ
󹫼ʱЩĿһ۳īȴû˵ʵóīѣ󹫼ҲҪԣôӽԺ󣬾ͱ밲ˡ
ŽԪ޿һ˵ˣмŽԪޣˣҲûмŽԪ޵ġ
ԣһֻͻȻ˵˻ȷǺܾ׵һ顣
īƲƲ죬Ҳû˵
ʱһСкһȵָŴ󹫼ôһֻôһĢ÷ţ
Скĸһ¶ӵͷֵ˵˵ţҲŹһ䣺ȷһ
󹫼ʱҪߵĳ嶯Ҫүүȳǣ޴࣡
īһ۴󹫼Ͻ߰ɣˡ
޴󹫼߷ߵĸī
һһܿʧС
īŴ󹫼ص˷һ£˵ħûлīҲû̫ģʦʦҪ顣һ㣬īħ̫࣬ϲʱ˵顣
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ԵŰݷõģ
Ȼˣóīһ⡣
磬ôˣī󷢣ȷǶһԾġ
Ͼ󷢵ݣЩСõһƽϡ˿̣ī֮䣬˵ƺҲ١
ôϵǲӭңһЦݣֻü䣬ż㲣ȦҲڡƺܶ춼ûϢˡ
ô᲻ӭ硣û뵽īЦЦ
û뵽ϸһе㸮ǰɣҲûīһƨϣŮոĲˮһڡȻ²豭ͻȻ俴һϵĴ󹫼ʱһϵʲôʱʼ漦ˣͷëɫףȻڵңϵܣаֻҪǷŽǾ޵еĴڰ
󹫼󷢣һצץһ˼ˡ
üүڸЦࣿԺү˷ѪһҪŪ˳̵ġүˣ
īȻЦԡ
ȻԴ󹫼ʾ˼־ȣܿ죬˼ͷŵεϡ
ϵܰϸοǹͶġ֪֮ǰ˵Ļ㣿һĿųī
ŶϸϢȻôͨīЦ˵
ϢͨǿͨɡʵЩӣʲô飬Ҳ֪ϵĻˡӦҲ˵ˡʮ̹ϵ˵һǧˣ½ʦӦǳ˰ɣ
㲻֪ī󷢣һãȻʵڲװģЦ˵㲻֪ľ͸ѱѹҵϣѵͲ¿ˣ
ϵܾͱЦˡ̾˿ȻϸǸˣϸ棬ҲЩѪԵġÿһζ׬⡣ܺܶ˶ϲ׬⣬ϸңЩʱȴƫƫϲеսԵ顣
˵ţ󷢿ųīʮϵ˵ϵ㣬ϸҴǵһ̣Ѿ֣׻ƳеߡɾˣңһڰһֱЩӸġƮ칬ӣ
ī̲סһ󷢣ôǳױã
ǲûеôںҡ󷢵Щʧ䣬˵ΪãЩ˺͡ͷҲͻȻ䷢֡ԭЩУ󷢡һֱֻһѡ
ȻӦҲϸ糹ױѵɰɣīʵ
󷢿ųī̹Ȼ˵ǵģֻϸҲûҪױáϾһֱҶչˡһʼûжõ˶֡
˵ţЩЦЦɾ֮ǰͻȻӵһõĵǵǩġҪһְܲһ߼ƽϵְλء
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194 
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Ǹ˲ʵǿıڡ˵ʵЩ걻ߵӣȥκһɹӶţߵıڣԻڻҪǿ
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īȻջ׻Ƴ߷黹ô˽⡣ոҲһЩ鱨֪Է顣
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ҪҪ飬ĳж˽һ㡣ǸвŴ󱧸ˡԣⳤ𱰣Ҫġ˵ţųī˫ϥ򵹣һͷڵϣȻӽҾǳߵĲܼңκιڲϵ飬󷢰ˣжҰģ󷢾жٵӣ
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ֻǵһվĿƵĵٵ鱨ţڴ󷢿ʵЩɡȿȣ˵ֱӣٲҪ֡
īҡͷʾԼ֡
˵ģ츳Ҳܸߡ˵ʵòȴЩŲӵҰġٸϵĶ۹ܼ壬ӦøóսϵһЩ顣ЩϱǺ֡ʵҪרŵѵӦӵ󡣡
󷢿ųīϾǽս
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󷢿ųīӵ鱨ţʱ˵㹻õġͶЧӣҲһʲôץĸоϾǹҲҪȹӳҵʱ򣬲ȥ顣
㹻̹Ȼе飬ȫǫ̃˵
Ȼī뿪Ц˵ҪΪԼˡīҲû뵽ȻұãעһѹԼϡ
㲻õıôīЦʵ
Ȼµġ󷢳õһΣҲóսľ磬ûֱ۵жϡЩõϢ֪ǸɲˡټȻΪѲϧȸ½ɡȻûôĵӣ뿪õеģ
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һ򲽽īĲãˡǲǻ乬Ͱ׻ô
·ֶּĴ˵Զȱġ
ߺſϵĴ󹫼ĵܴ࣬úˣǿԳΪұۡ


195 ʥ
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󹫼ųīСӣٺ˵˵үƴ
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196 
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ɹĽƮ칬ʼѧԺͶϵǸıһˡ
ֻᣬˣûԸ
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̨ڷ֮ԭΪصƣ˲˴룡̨ͱˡ
Ȼһֱ̨֪īʦǵҩҡľϵ缲ܸκáȴû뵽Էڵҩϵ边Ȼ֮
ΪԼƣҪȫָȴֻһϣͻָôࡣ
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ڿ̨ϹŵЦ֮ȫȻʮСĵ̨졣
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һŮ𣺡ҪŶȻǹȢףҲڹӵĴӣ
Ůӣǳ٣ָīͷ硣
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⻰ɱ˵ΪҶԻϲءī˵
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ⲻ֪󹫼ӶըˣĵСƤͷ˼үһצӰСץ޶Ҳŵ
󹫼ҲǳΪʲôīҪ͵˵ˣٿԣ֣һ쵽ߵģñΧۣǻ÷
һֻļҲǺѹģ󹫼Щš
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197 
ȷӦˣں̨
ڵһվһֲ˼ٶȣֱӵ˳īǰ
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һ˲ŵˣͷϰһײ۾ʵʵǶղǰ̫Ӣ
ŮţŮڵȺֵʱӢǣ΢΢𣬺Ȼ¡°˵»ʲ˭ٺ١Ҫô˺ð
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ȴ϶ּ仰û˵֧㵱ϷһɫͿӣ
飡
ľĴܣ໥ţһҵĹ
֮ϣһɹɲԴԴϵܳ
һĻʮ˵ˣѻȸͬʱޱ


199 ȸ
Ļ鿴Ҫȥ𣿵Ⱥ׷˵棬ǿЦ
Ӧɱ֮Ȼɱǣ
ĻŭԵģǰ׳𣿰лһǿأ
ŵϣ¶һ˿Ĳмһ涼¶ˡʲôǿߣ
Ļһʧĵôȥ벻ȻӣĿһУκ˷
Ц
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˵ʱѾ᧿ΣȺеĺ֮𣬻Ǳȼˡ
Ļҡҡͷ̾ϢҪƴһɣ
Ȼɱˣ綾ߣޱȣ㰵жɱСġǰװ޹֪ˣαص
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ĻȻϲ٣ʱҲ׼ŭȫ·Ҫͬھһʱ䣬˵Ǵ˸൱
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ξһԿЦǺܶǰĶԹ˰ɣ
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Ļӣڰҡҡ׹ˮ˳Ȼô飬ܺãһһСĵġ֮䣬Ӵ˶
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ȸߵһǿߣȫǹĻľĸ״ȫˣһӵϣҪĻ¡
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˫Ѫƴֱչ
ʱĽѾ˹ĻǰĲ档֪ΪΣڿ׵նŮͷ­һ˲䡣ԥˡ
Ļϣ¶һĨȻЦݣҸոա֪ԡһġšȻɱ㡭㣬ûɣ
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֪ҡꡭɱСġĻ˵ѾЩѣ૵̫㡭ԡҺ
մһҡ㡣Ļϣ¶һĨ֮ɫһûնлл㡣
߰ɡ̾һ˵ոһѾ㳹׵Ԫˡľ磬Ѹٻ䵽ľͣѪҡԣûҪɱˡ߰ɣ
ĻһЦߣΪʲôҪߣҾͷġҪô޸㣬ŮˣҪôϣھΣ
˵ţĻ鳯Ľݺײ
Ҳ֪ûӦû뷴ӦĻֱײĽϣǰĲϣ˲һѪۣѪ쮷ɣ
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ʱ򣬲ͻȻعһ㣬һֱӽĻ鱧ڻ֮ϣˮ䣺Ǻοࣿ
ڡֽһҡԡĿˣĻͷһᣬֱ
Ȼ䣬췢һŭ𣺡ȺˡֿʹɣȫҪҵᣡ
飡
һɹۻľ˳ϱ
λѾ̤ľĴܣбȸ᳤Ļ飬ֱɱȺȸǿߡ
ľɱ
ľɱ
Ƭ֮䣬ȸ᳤µȺĳϡȫλϡ
˵ȸȻ˥ܣǴӳī￪ʼȴ
̫ˣīۣŬҪÿһǾѵĹĦᣡī
Ķʵ̫죬ҳ־׼ޱȣһɱ
Сȥӳ־Ǹ֣ǲһģ̨ܹĽ࣬Ǹ̾
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ûвҽУȸߵǿߣ౻һȫնɱ
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գһɫ棬ȻûմȾһѪ
˵ӽ½õģȸᣬǵӣ
ƽ⻰ȴԵޱȡ
ţһ۵ϵȺˣˡ


200 
䣡
ۼŵĴƽգ仰ʱһ󾪺
ͬɽХһ㣡
ʵ̫ˣոеĴ򶷣ٶ˵Χۡ
˶֪ʲôܿ졭Ϣ㴫ǵĶС
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㿴ǿзȥҪɱǣȻڻ¡
Ȼɽ˺ϢݵٶȣȴҲǳԤϵĿ졣ˣ˵仰һ˲䣬ˡȫ궯
ۿšЩ˳֣һ̤ĲҾ磬Ҫɡ
ʱдһ澫ʣ
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ʦˣ̨УʱһĨȡܹסˣҲֻгīλصʦˣ
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īͷǵģʦһֱڣ
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һµħл߳ţľڣĺ־㣬Ҳ㹻ֻϧҡ
һμбһˣЦָħҲľʵǱҸ߳ôһ㡣㲻ĺҽۣ
ħ˵ߵЩצȻ˵ġ
ħ˵ţҲʲôȺľľǿߣȴһȫҽšӸ֮ϣµ䣡
㡭۾˲ͺˣȺˣ̣
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飡
ħһ˦Ȼһ
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ȴͷȺ˵ոջ˵Ҫɱ⡣ȴɱˣ׻Ƴǵүǡ¸ƨ˲Ǿͻһ
վڸ̨ϵĳī۾˲ɴ漴¶һĨĵЦݡ

Լֵܵôǡ
ƽ̨ڸ׸Ҳһֱŵϣ¶һĨοЦݡ
䣡
˾Խ˶ʱ򣬴Խǿҡ
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ħһɣȻû̫صˣеľҲѾԸӵĳ̶ȡ
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ħ˵ո㲻ôԱ˵ôôڻɱô㣬ܲˣ
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ŶħüһһץֱӴץһ˵𣿡
ħץˣƺˣģһģħץСĲӣһ㡣Ŀ
⡭ⲻܣĽ˶ҪˣǻþҲţ
ʱ򣬱ħˣƺҲعŭſң
ž
ħ̧־һƣݺݳϣҽʲô
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˵ţħһֱ꣬ӱӳȥ
·һ֧˲Ʋ㣬ʧ
ʱħĿͶʲôҪģ


201 ǿѧԺ
ˣͬɵĻȻѾȥĹĻ顣¸ոձħɣҲûɿ૵³ǵĴܡ쾳ĳϣôܡôܣ
ﹾţͻȻ䣬ͬһħʹõһҾͲš
ۣ
ħָһһԲ˼ٶȣֱӽüĴ򴩡
üĴһССѪѪ˳˳һ˫ۣʧȥɡȻŲŵĹâ
ؼ䣬һƬţ
ȫʶסҴһ¡
ʲôоǿߣǽڼʶˣ
Щڰй۲ˣʱ˿̣ȫֻʣһͷˡ޵У
ǰһһһΪˣô
ǸħһѴץһȻֱӷɵˡȻǹ³ǵĳϣ
Ϣ²Ҫ죬ܴ½
īʦضޱǿĴڣһս˵ֱ½
һǿڱ򣬴ӽ󣬻˭ҳī鷳ȥұ˵鷳ܶ˹ƶҪոˡ
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ħһ˵ʬ½ٶȣʱ˺ܶࡣ䵽档ħ˵һ䣺Щˣ˰ɡ磬Ҳ֮ˡҪʬҰ
˵ţħ⣬ɨ·һЩǱĵط΢ͣһ¡
ЩȫоͷƤ顣ҵ˼֪Լˣ
ʲôáȸᡭֱǺ֣ɾҪиɵӡҪôҪôһȺеˣŪһں֮ڣŪһ̥ҪʲôǶҪħĮմ˵ڳЩ˵УһƬ
ħ˵⣬ͣһ£ƺڵЩ˼ס˵Ļ󣬽˵еˣȫϡѵͲҪյӣԺٶסЩɣУͬҲϣǲҾͿŰǶˣ
⻰ڽ֮ǰ˵ڣǳīʦ𣬿Ҳᱻ˳Ц
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ҵͽܣսУУСǶԼ²ǿԺ˭ٸƺƵɳǱȥţ
˵꣬ħһֱʧڿС
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ϵȷûЦȣڻЩվڶǰ¿ȥһŴӴģ
̨ϵĳīˣҲֻ΢΢һ漴߾ֱۣӴģ
ӴģһΣ죡
ʮͬʱĵźֱضΪ֮ɫ䡣
Щڰеˣʱ˿̣Ҳòλ׵ĵ˼塣ܹ׼ץסᣬȥģ治˭õġ
Ӵģ
Ӵģ
˷ܵźţŭţڷйһ㡣
ĵҲʱ򣬲ϼǿ
ˣԴĵĹУǰǡ
һЩˣʱ˿̣ҲЩĽЩоȻһ˿ͷҲǸˡƺҲܲ
ͷǰζЩ˵
ʱ򣬶·ĳīͷ
īվǣ˫ۣѹѹ
ܵʧ˵Ŀ⣬ȫеīϡ˿˭֪ոǸ޵еġˡʦ
꣬Ǵĵ꣡
ԺУͿīиУֱ
īһ˵Ʈ칬ʼѧԺˣ
䣡
Ļ֮
ţѾ׼õıžʼ
ⱬ죬ȻȺĻѹơ
׻Ƴǣһ˲䣬γһƬֵĺ
Ѿ֮ǰµļʱ˭ںأ
ţǸУ̨
ӻϿʼԪ˧ͨڸ׸ٵľ
ÿˣѪڣ̵ԣѧԺ˼ߵĺף
ڼʮ˵ĻУʷ׼ǿѧԺǿƵǳ


202 ½
ħһսɵӰ죬һչֳ
ȣ½ûʲôϵİ׻½½ϵˣȫ֪¡
ħȫ޵еս½ʧ
³ǵĳϣħͬԴƲһӷɡ˭Сˣ
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ԺУɻī֮䣬Ψһһμ档
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īʱǾֱ˵εĻȴЩ΢ЩңʱСʦûг֡ȻĻʱ³Ҳȹ곤ǿ١
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һһЦܺðʦʦǶҶչˣҸоǻص˼һ
ţǾͺáһ΢ԥһ£˵Ǹ֮ǰʦ˵ģǼ£ʱ˰ɡǷɣҲ迿֤ʲô£⣬㲻Ը⣬ûǿ㡣
һ΢΢һ漴ĵЦллʦ
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ĪǡǱߣַʲô
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ʱĿڣһٸʦ˵˵ڳīɡ

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츳ӽ󣬾ͳ׷ϵˡеķӡԿҲ뼸λϿûܹ⿪ţʱɫѿ˵иϣҲʧڿʮа˾ţ׶༪ˡ
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Ժ־΢΢һ漴˵Ǽ¡
ǣԺ־ʱ츳õĳīҪʦ졣Ϊīүүʶȴ˽ֻܸ߳ī˵һ顣
ܳīڼϵʱ˵ʲôĻɡˣʱҾܾ뷨Ժ־˵ԭ벻ΪʲôҪɱڸҳڻЩǺӣʲô
ſԺ־ۣʵ˵ǳī츳ãΪʲô̶̲һʱ䣬֮ı仯
Ժ־Цţһ쾳ʦ𡭡ִǰʲôǲܸıģ
˰죬漴ҡͷ̾Ϣ˵Ҳǡ찡ǳ죬ҲʣһˡˣʱҪˡгһգʦˡ
Ժ־۾ʱһ
ִֵܷ֮ǰȻԼĵ㹻ĺ֡룬ܵĻǻζԹɡϾһңЩ
Ժ־˵ѵҳ죬˱˲ɣ
ЩֵĿһۣ˵£ûǸҪ
Ժ־˸̸֮صԼסԼڷ˭һֱ˼š
µȻûкڵԴīֻźСȻ˵Ĺʺˣҵһʦ
ͬʱԺ־ҲһޱǿҵͷСʦʲôʱأ


203 īҰ
ʱ䣬½ȫ׻Ƴһսˡܶ׵ɣҲɿʼ
ǸصĴܣ쾳ǿߡ½ϼеĸ߽ߣȫ費ѡ
һЩϵĴУһ쾳档棬˭֪Ѿʧȥ˷Ŀܡ
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ˣ쾳ĴܣֻΪɵĵ̴ڣ֮
ɳ׻Ƴеλܣ˵ȥʮꡣһѪʢ˲
һսޱǿᣬ½߽߼
Ϊʼգû˼ħ֡ʤܱѷֳ
ֶΣ¾ǡ³һɡе桭ҲûУ
ô˵˭Щ⣬ͳ½һЩǿĵ顣
īԹģ糤ߵĸ߲㣬һܹԹûԸһǿĳҡ
īԩ޳ģǶ˼Ҫôܽóī
īʦ٣ҲܴӳīõܶмֵϢɣ
һʱ䣬½ǿǣȫܶ˸ɴʮɳĸǰ׻Ƴǣʵ顣
˶û뵽ǣӦʱָߵĳīȴͻȻʧӰ
׻Ƴǣǰݷóīˣȫ˸աֻʧء
īȥģ˺ܶͷһ޴ɻ
īʱѾ뿪׻Ƴǣǰ·ϡ
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нĺǣҪ۲ܳһʱ䣬ܸÿ˵츳óȥרŵ
ңҪģҪЩǵƷʱ䣬򳤻̡̣ҲҪһʱ䡣
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Щ飬īֱӽξ̫ȥɡ
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ۼ֤һս֮Ͻ֮ģøǿ
ҪԼͻƵڣʵ̫ˣ
īȴǽڡīУīʦ϶ԣ
һλڴľĸ߽ߣ͵ǳ˳ī飬ܴ顣
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⽭ܶʱ򣬿飬Թɱᡣ
ʵϣĳЩ棬ȴǳζ
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ǧΪ棬ֹ׷ɱī󣬲ҲܵӦеĳͷҪī֣ԼͿʼɱ⣬ʵǻ˹ص³
һкˣҲлˡֻеǷǶԹõǽȥ
еɷ
ԣī̫ξᵹԼ
һһ죬ı޴ջΥ֪޵顣īҲ¡
ΪƮ칬Уȫҽһ죬ѧԺģֻһ
ֻһʱƹЩУǳīǰξ̫࣬Լ߾̨˵Ļ
Ҿȴ֮һսȥһһ
ǸʱһؽƮ칬ѾûȤ
ֻҪ뷨ôīһȥʵ֡
̨ˣԳī뷨Ҳ൱ϿɵġΪǶǽˣ׽еĹء
īģһҰġһƮ칬չɳԽĳɣ
ʱ¼ĺŵӣֻҪ츳ͶѧԺ
ԣѧԺΪ½ʢһѧԺ
ɣʲô
³һɡгһգҲҪԼĵӣ͵
Ұģīûжκ˵Ϊ֪֣Ѿ½ʦħѾǿ󵽿½ʧ
Ұڱ֪Ȼᱻ˳Ц
̫ˡ


204 ŽԪ
˹
һ⣬Ҫһʲô
ǳīһͷ
Сӣ쵽񣿿ƺ̫˵ɣ󹫼ͳīһƬߵԭҰϣãã̡󹫼Ҳڲ׷Щ۹⡣
ָͣСīһߣͷϴļӲΡΡȥܺá
ɣǴˣҲ֪ԼҵľӶιȥҪŪ뾿Ҫ﷢𹥻Ⲣסī˵
Ҫү˵еսֱһЦʦ֣һ˾ͿԺɨ롭󹫼Щм˵
ɨ֮أīһ۴󹫼ͷϵĴ켦ڣ¿ˮĵⶫһܺóԣ
СӣʲôҪٸүү󹫼ʱɫƵĵųī
ٺ١īЦЦʲô񣿡
󹫼˳īһۣ˵ɨ֮󣬵Ȼ˽ӹҵѵҷɣ
ˣī˵ʷûκһ壬ܱһ峤ūۡһ죬ᷴɹġ
ǻʲôԱ˳ŵģ󹫼Ц
ȻΪ棬е̰Զʧġīһ۴󹫼˵ЩҲֻ֪Գӡ
үԳӣ󹫼ŭү֧㣡
è𣿡ī˸ۣô˵ֻ컯֮㣿
үԸ㣡󹫼Ц㶮ʲôζĶү㣬ֻõ㣡ЩѰ㣬үûȤ
ᵽ㣬󹫼Ŀ˳īһֱۣʿˮ
˰ɣЩܹϢķֳ֮ǰ붼롣ī˵
СүͷʹȥֻسأסС˵Ҫȥֻسȡˮġүɲȥ󹫼˵
㣬ʲô븶ÿôīЦ
үȥңǸˣȻԼȥҿܲҵ󹫼һ
ΪʲôҪأ컯֮ٺãҲҪī˵
޳ܣ󹫼ʱŭˡ
޳ܣīۡ
һһƬ̵ԭҰϣִһܡ
ʵѾЩڰ˴δˡ
ÿһΣ˫һԲϣֱӿ
īǲ߱죬;Ǵ󹫼Ķܴ֡ĶˣīսҲڲ֪С
Ƭԭϣ˽һ£ڽӽ˴ı߾
ǰһǧɿ󽭡ˮļɲ⡣
ңֱӷɹȥˡīǧɿĽˮŴ󹫼˵
붼룡üү㣿ȥɣ󹫼Ц
īҲֻ˵˵ûҪ󹫼ɹȥ󹫼ϣµȥء
ǽӦ½ϣһˡīվڽߣϽˮЩпĵǰΣһǧٶĵطֹһĿʱүүľ˲Сʧ
ĿЦүˣС棬үһһ󹫼Ц
ʱԭƽĽϣͻȻ俪ʼ޷һֱʵУҲʼơ
꣡
һף¡
һзʵ̫죬̶̼֮ѡ
ûκηĳīʹ󹫼ֱӱʪݵĴ󹫼Ҳʱ
㴵ţīһ·񱼣ܵһ±ꡣ
󹫼󣬸̧ܹһֻԴϣʲôôоҪһ
ī΢΢üҲЩ̫˵㡣ö˶˵ģͻȻͿ籩꽻ӡв
ʱǰĽ֮ϣͻȻˣһīӰӣ˳ŽˮȻڶ𣬳շȥѹζٶȣȻ쵽˼顣
Ŀī̲סһ
ƨĳĿү˵ˣС棬үһھˣǾŽԪޣ󹫼ѹͺ
ʲôŽԪޣīǾҵĳ鴤طôоŽԪޣû˵
㵱ŽԪʲôǼļȿȡСèС洦ɼǾŽԪޣǿޣ󹫼ѵųīȻ鲻Խ۵һڶɽ٣
ɽ٣Ҫīȵĵ
ү֣СߣΣء鶼ܽϡֱǲ˼飡󹫼ţǸī͵ܹɹɽ٣磬ͻữޡʵ硢ԪõֻǼүҲЩ棬Ϊʲôѡطɽ٣
ʱӿȵĽϣȻһһɫӰӡ
ɫӰӾͬһɫ磬ٶȿ쵽˼飡
īԼۻˣ
ţеɫһŭ˻𡣾Ȼԣһ׳ŮҪնɱô


205 ɽ
б㴫һŮ̶ɽٵʱڰ͵Ϯ¹̲㱻׷ĵطĶɽ٣Ϊ̾Ҳˣ
飬ǱĴűһм磬ص𣡡
ƨôĶԹƾһ仰Ҫôô棿
Ůǰ;Ҿ͸ƴͬھ
ޣͬھˣ
¡¡
һĿ磬˷һ󣬺Ȼ
īĿɿڴ૵䡭Ԫ֮ս
󹫼˵ǰã
īҲͷߣһ˭뵽ôɡѡ·˵ƫƧ˵㣬Ҳվû뿪׷ķΧ˭뵽ֵطȻðһֻŽԪɽ١
벻滹С
飡
дһ죬ֱҪǿҡ
ţ޴ĺɫڹ֣ζͬʱЦŮϵˣ浱֪͵͵Ĳ⽭ˮУ㻹ɣ㲻֪ˮСүүĵ̣˵֮⣬ǧ֮⣬ֻҪ⽭ˮСҺүүܸӦĴڣ
ߡ޳ܵĶ̸ƴˣŮУŭ⡣
֮ϣע
һһӰڵзĲһ
ԽԽ󣬵ƾīЩз顣
ֻŮһУȻ׳ĿЦŮվһǧ꣡ȻĻүүпܲ֡ǲ࣡ȥѣүүҪ
˵ţֻ֮ϣٴһĿ磬ݺ޴ĺɫϡ
ɫһʹƺߣͬʱȴһֱӽա˺һ޴ѷ죡
һ˲䣬īʹ󹫼Ŀһ죬ѷ֡ȻɫѶϣٶȼĳǵѷ졣
ϰٵ磬ͬʱϣȻûֹĽ롣
ݣ
ǵѷ죬˲ϡ
Ƭؼ䣬ٴһƬڰ
裬ڷй
ոһ˲䣬īֳ嶯ԷĻ˵Ļȥԣǵѷгȥ
Ϊһ̣īǰ·ǸõȹŮ
ʲô𣿡
ɤŴ𣿡
ˣô
أ
ȫҶ
һĻĻӿͷīϣ¶һĨȻ֮ɫĵҪɫı¸öã˺գ׵硣ֱӳ뵽Ǹȥ㡣
󹫼ﹾǵù͸ˣ졭ͣˣ
˵ţƫͷųī㣬ѡ·
īӻһ۴󹫼ûҪţ
ߣүϡô󹫼Դһԣ͵͵ųīаСӣ°үôûӦģôүĸʱıأ
ˣǸɫĶʲôīǵɫӰҲ֪ûСǿһֻŽԪް
ˣһֻŽԪ޵ʬ壬»½ķɣ
󹫼룬ЩȷĵһֻèһֻүҲûпʲôǸĸģ
ī˸ۣĵոǵɫӰӣ˵ͬŮԳƹ̣˭֪Ǹĸģ
ʱһܼ磬һطȥ
󹫼۾ӦþˣĻƵ˹
ô˵īűܼ񹥻ķǾҵĳ鴤ţЩԼϣһסɣôϣǶʮа˾ǲܻˡ
󹫼˵㵱ô׵סأ˵Ƿ٣ûô󡣵ͬģ顭ҲԶԶûôǿᣡ˵ʵһģ
󹫼ָһ磬Գī˵Щ磬ÿһӵǿҲѽȫסԣ֪ɫıڰҪ͵Ϯȴ֪ȻͻȻ俪ʼͻƣ˲併١һСƺõģ
Ȼأīʵ
ȻǸϵˣΪŲסֱӳǿҪɱȴû뵽ľ磬һȫչҲٵĹעǣڰֵһף󹫼Ц˵Ǹʲô
ī󹫼һ˵Ŀ࣬ʵ֪ŽԪ޵̣Ҫ߳ܶࡣȴǵһμľŽԪޣǰǵǶһһʱ֮䣬ЩԹչ
󹫼ôһ˵ô¡
һĺݸֳǵĺɫڳīԺʮʻĳ֡
ҲǳīһΣ̡
˵󹫼㣡
ôļһīûǶ￴


206 СȮ
ôȻǸī˳˵
꣬Ъˣ꣬еƽɢȥйâ˳ŷ϶͸Ţĵϣ˸ŴĿĹâ
īʹ󹫼ȫԶո׵Ϊеĵط
໥һۡī˵˰ɣ
֪󹫼ֹһ䣬Ȼ˵ȥ֪ˣ
˵ţȣֱǱȥ
īŴ󹫼ļצžžŢĵϣ̲סĽĵôЬʱҲư
󹫼̲סͷ˳īһۣ⽫Ųúأõϵཬī
īıܿȻһȭڴ󹫼ߵĵϣʱһƬཬȫմ˴󹫼ʪëϡ
Сӣ͵Ϯү󹫼ֱŭˣҪʱǱȴͻȻ䴫һ΢Ľ
󹫼Ѿĳ򣬶ʱֹڰգһ˫۵ɵϴ
ī׼ܵĶҲĿĿǱߡ
һСƹζβͣҡҡλεģīʹ󹫼ߡ

࣬ƺôһ־塣
īʹ󹫼㿴ңҿ㣬ȫЩɵۡ
ǸոǸŽԪޣīŴ󹫼ʵ
󹫼Ҳɵˣ˵˭ȥ
СƺܵīĸǰԴīСȡȻ̧ͷͰ͵Ŀųīƺīߡ
㡭һСոմ󹫼Ȼ˵һֻèҲһֻɳīû뵽ոջдľŽԪޣȻһС
ҿȥЩȮûʲô
ĵͦɰģȴôŽԪϵ
СȮƺī˵ʲôһãȻĿųīȻԴڳīСϲ¡һĽ
ǡˣīСʱ򣬸ҲģУܲ³˼ǴӴָ棬óһСݵСȮǰ
СȮУʱ©ϲȻſ죬СĽӹСһһҧʮ˹ĵĳȥ
֮ú޹ųī
ֱīһȫιСȮҡβ͡ȻعͷƺЩηĿһ۴󹫼īĽű߿˿
˭ܸҡ⵽ô£īǳ鴤ſŴ󹫼
󹫼¸¹ЦһӦǱ׵ˣȻзӡ˼䡣ʵһұֶΡֻû뵽ô󣬻һľŽԪޣ¸סոһ׵ĺˡ
˵Ϊ˱Լӡ˼䣿īЩɵĿŴ󹫼ôСһȥһոն̲õС
󹫼ҡҡͷ⣬үҲǺҲһԱֶΡϾһС˭ˣ¶¡үԿ϶һȻǿޱȣżүʾ
󹫼˵ţ߹̧һȣֱСȮ
飡
СȮ壬ವһ¸߸߷ڰзĽɳɣݺݵˤڵϡ
īԴ󹫼ŭĿӣҪ𣿡
󹫼¸¹ЦˣİɣҪеЩүһצӣͰ߳ˣ
īתգۼСȮĵطСһȻƨûУȴ˷ŭŽĴ󹫼ŭĿӡ
㿴ôү˵ûɣ󹫼һ⡣
СȮһȮͣȻŴ󹫼ֱӳ˹ȥ
īŲֱӸСһȻлţ﷢޵ĺߺ
ˣҪ뱨Ļڿ϶СīЦеĽСȮװԼĿڴ
󹫼ɴ۾ųīҪⶫ
īͷǰô
󹫼Цүǻˣ֪֪ŽԪ޵𣬱߶ˣһ죬ָ˼䣬Ҫĵһ£¾ǰɱˣԶʱճУ
ңīŴ󹫼
󹫼һЦү治㣬ԼúɡǾŽԪޣӵǿߵǻۣʱ˺գ磡ĶǱ㵱ɳȥģ
㲻ǸīŴ󹫼˵
үǲһ󹫼˵һ룬Ȼ䷴ӦųīŭСӣ˵үĳүƴˣ
һһһδ֡
һᣬֱеƳɢءԶĽˮҲƽ˾ˡ
ߵսŽ
צÿ
Ȱ߱ˣ
Ų㣡˫ͬ
󣬳ī˵һһգ
һ
󹫼צӣȻڳīؿϡīе߱죬ҲȻڴ󹫼Ĳϡ
㲻ã
޳ܵļ
һʱ˫ȫûģŶ鲻Ըջ˸Ե
ʼգСȮڳīĿڴкüΣͼȥ͵Ϯ󹫼󹫼Ǽ๸˻
ī˸ɾ·󹫼ڽߣЩεĵĲ
Ļԣ󹫼Ц
˵мңᱨأīĵĵ
УһΣ󹫼ش𶼲ش


207 ִ
ˡīһź̾ϢһȻСȮԼĿڴڵϡСȮ¶ãȻ񣬳īЩ᲻á
ⲻΪСȮһŽԪޣҪģǳīȷϲ
󹫼˵ҲеֶԪޣʱһָ˼䣬ԼȻһ൱˳߳ŭɱʲôģǿƥĶ˵Ĳʲô⡣
СһҲ㣬û취ǿ飬žԼطҲû˭˺㡣ī˵š
󹫼һԳˣϽǼ·ɡΪ˭˺һŽԪ޵Ϣ΢¶һ㣬ͻдЩ
СȮɫƵĳŴ󹫼һ֮𣬿ǽˡ
īСȮԴҡҡͷվ߰ɣ
˵ţŽȥʮΣԿխԳīʵԲľӦÿֱӶɹȥ
˭֪СȮȻںಽĸųī
īһ۴󹫼
󹫼ҡҡͷ϶Уǿߣ˦ͺˣ
īȻЩʣҲֻܵͷת̤Ӱ粽˲ʧԭء
󹫼һУҲһƵʧ

СȮĽһ漴صĽ
īζͣȥ󹫼һֹˡ
үȻʲôüҪţүԸˣҪˣүͻܶ궼Բ컯֮㣡󹫼һĿųī˵˵ţµˣּ飬϶ģүȫûƭ㣡
ΪʲôһֱҲţīʵ
СȮٶȻûгī󹫼ô죬ȴҲŬСȣں׷š
үĶ֪šйζ󹫼Щȷ˵һ档
īŭܣ
󹫼Цó߱죬үһֻצӣ
ֻצӣ
ôȥ
һ֮󣬳īܳԲľߵխĵطΣԼɵλáһһԲľͶವһʮɳԲľУԶԶɳ
ͬһͶǹʮ־׼䵽ȫ֮һĵطȻ˳¡
ţīֽһԲľͶȥͶȫ֮ĵط
һ֮󣬳īתΣɿܵխĵط˼ԲľƮһ˲䣬ī˲䱩նͬһ㣬ֱŽķȥ
Ӱ粽һֱ̣չֳԶ½ǿģҲ޿һƼĲ۷ߣӵֱܸ֡
īеߵʱ׹䡣ڵһƮԲľ֮ϣīһббƮŵԲľϷɿ˼һڿն
ţһƮµԲľ֮ϣ֮ٴڿաһΣ֮ǰīȵڶ԰ϡ
ȻعͷЩĿŴ󹫼
󹫼Ĺһ䣬ҪīǾԲܵ顣
෴κδīĻᣬŹ
ƺֻһЩָ߼飬һߵʵ
ڡ
󹫼һչ˫ᣬȻ˫һ
һﾹȻֱӾͷˡϸַĸо
գۼ䣬󹫼һʮƣ˳īǰȻһŤͷ£Ȼ
Ŵ󹫼һNɪı飬īʲô˲𣿻ɺţô

ʱ԰ȻһȮ͡
ī
󹫼
Ȼ໥һۣʱʼ
СȮڶ԰һίĽƶֱļĴ󽭣СȣŬĳιƺĿģݡ
һ޴ʳ࣬ƺСһεСȮǰſѪڣҪһҧȥСȮϣͻȻ䱬һޱȿֲϢ
һɶ೤ĴʱƤһĽˮߡֱˣ
󹫼˵ûСһֲ˺¡
ԼȴȻ¶ӣȶȰŽˮŬ԰ȴļĽ֪ȥԶ
ѾʧǵӰСȮʵĽܱˡ
īʹ󹫼һܳȻͣīŴ˵ءӦҲ˰ɣ
벻ˡ󹫼Ƶ˵ȻԼļ䣬ӡ˺ܶվǾŽԪޣܻڵġ˵㼸Ҫ㣬ȻӲңˣóʲô
ô죿īЩɵۣҪİ
󹫼ĵҪ͸ɴˡôƤģָ䣬ӦҲ˼ְɣ
īǳ鴤ĿɿڴĿŴ󹫼Ӧò˼ȷ
󹫼̧ͷ죬ޱȼȣĵ£үĸȷ
īŴ󹫼Ҽǵ֮ǰ˵ŽԪ޸ܵϵϢֱӹ£
󹫼һ޹ү˵


208 Ȯ
īʵֻϲţĴ󹫼˸ۣ˼һᣬвԸֻᡣ룺ǸСһ׷кη
󣬳ī󹫼·ʱѾǽ뾳ڣȥһƬãԭҰٺɫϦߣʱɫѾ
ûͣ˼Ŵ붼ǵķǰ
󣬳ī󹫼˽֮ĵһ
һ򣬲󣬵羰ɫζֵϵҲһƽŰ
īһջס£󹫼СڳīߡͦģȻ˵ע⡣ˣ󹫼ǳīĳȻټùģҲû˱ʾ̫ȣǶ࿴ۡ
īһЩԵģûƸ͵
󹫼ʳﲻȤԾƵʮԡ
īһ裬󹫼һĹ򣬾ͽľƸȹˡ¶̬ųīСӣⷲꣿ
īЦ²ȡͣ꣬Ҫҵʵʲôʱܹﵽƽı׼ɣ
󹫼Щмĵƽ磿۷̫״ﵽˣڵٶȣҲʱ䡣
ûôװɡīһƣ˵ҵҪһﵽǸ磬Ҫһ
󹫼գ۾˵˵¯Ƶĵҩĵҩүһ䷽֮󣬿ͻƵ죡
īһЩ̬Ĵ󹫼ҡͷҶûȤ
ظ󹫼ҡҡͷ֪־磬硭ǶСӾġǴСͻõҩֱӽ֮ǰй̣ȫʡԵ
ûл㵽־Σī˵
󹫼˵ľԣףľﵽһ̶֮֮ǰЩνʵûôҪ
īЦΪͣ˼ôꣿҪǸ򵥣
ǲһ󹫼Щĵүʵһֱƭġ
ţīŴ󹫼
󹫼˵үѾʧȥ˷ƽ䣬Ҳ䡣Ǳơˣ˵û˼СӣҵƣүҪһݣ
īûи󹫼ƣǿҪôܰﵽ㣿
Ҫң󹫼ĿųīȻԴܼ򵥰Ѳͻ¯ү
Ҷ֪˵ʲôī˸ۡ
󹫼˵ôǰﲻ˼үġгһգӦܹﵽү
ҵһôīʵ
ȼүҵֻسصʱ򡣻Ҫ㡣󹫼īƺȣɴԼóžƺԼǰ赹˾ơ
īĬһ£컯֮㡭ܸıʣѷѪ
󹫼˿ھƣȻĬ˺һ᣺һᡣ
īˣҲûٶʲô󹫼棬һӵ¡ƽͿôʱദīȴܹо
˭棬ûеأ
ʱſͻȻ䴫һ
Ȼᣬīʹ󹫼ȫ
ī󹫼໥һۣվ߹ȥŴ򿪡

һȮͣ޾ίȻ
ţһСȮֱ˵īűߣڳīСϲȥ
īĿɿڴĿСǳ鴤ŵˡ
󹫼ҲЩɵۣȻ˵飬־ŽԪޡҪҵһ˵ĻӦҵȴû뵽СȻִš
īãôȥǸСһ϶Ѿˡ˭뵽Ȼˡ
ջˣû˲һСô
ֱȮ𣬲лͷ߿һۡ
īڰ֣ǸҵСˡ
ǻ漴ͷȥȻﹾţǮ˵磬Ǹ㲻мйġҪȮǼɹ
īͷߡ
Щȶ˵Ĵ󹫼ҲһŭҪȥǸƴīס
Ȼ󣬳īŻСȮЦôôִţ׼ˣ
СȮгίȻĴ󹫼죬һв
ȻСһȻӡͼ䣬ȴȻڡΪǴ󹫼Ĵڣôࡣ
Ϻ٣үϾ󹫼ЦţϵϢ¶һ㡣
ءСȮʱڳīȱߣ󹫼Ŀ⣬ȴǳŭ
īŴ󹫼Ц㲻üȮɣ
󹫼ֱӷ˸ۣôī


209 ۶
·ĳī߳˴󹫼֮⣬ֶһСȮȮ飬һ·ϵҲįˡ
СȮ󹫼ƺ壬˴˿Էͦ˳۵ġ
СȮ밵͵Ϯ󹫼ҧڡÿζ󹫼֣Ҫôһ߷ɣҪô¶һֲϢѹСȮ
СȮܻһίī
ʮʱ䣬ɿȥīҲѾ˴ĵ۶
;˼֧ӣڳű߾Ǳ߽īУЩǡ
ܶ꣬ȥڱԭꪳɳ¶һɾȴҪɾڴߣⳡսһս
ϵҲأҪ콫ľӶȻٽϢݻȥ
īڳ֮ǰ̸˺ܳʱ䡣󷢹ȻҲûóīʧڴ۶ߣŲС
ѾˣµȴȻڡ
׼䣬ȻǼǿȺףǻڼ䡣
õĸ߲ȻôܴеͲеȴǼߡϾõĲүõЩ²Դ󷢵̬ȣȫмӡ
ÿɲǴĵã鼰½
۶Уҵһĸԭеһͭ¡λߣȴǿңڴ۶еȦӣ൱㷺ٵǱ֮󣬿ҵŸʱ϶ȫϳٵģ
ǳīǰ󷢻ʱ˵Ļ
īΪʲô˵Լ鱨̫ˡյȷǲ̫ࡣͲһϡ
⻹󷢺īķУ̫԰ԼеȻĻЩֱӳһž޴ޱȵ½ȫ
뵽ĵ۶֮󣬳īСȮװԼĿڴ󹫼Ҳûиīһ𣬲ô˵һֻ󹫼Щ̫ˡ
īҲĴ󹫼߶ֻ֮࣬˽ƻˡһʵ½ϣץסˣ»ء
ָĵطī˴۶һϡ
ľ󣬸׻Ƴʮƣй֮޲
ˮͷֽܶߺȵڶ
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˲࣬īһлЦеӭ͹ãҪô
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Ϊ̵Ļƣ빻ãԹҲҪȻĻԲ뷹
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ƹôæݵλôߣ˭ܼô
īЦЦҲ໰ֱӴϣȡһơưƴͭƳɣһһ֡󷢵ơ
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ĻЩɵۣ΢΢鴤šûԼϰ˭ȹ۶еЩ󳼣ƹˣҲͼټٵĿ¡
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īȴǲ֪Զ󷢿˵Ĺ󷢾ԶһʮڡʱԶѾзģԼϰģ
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ԣƹԶһöƣֱӳ˳ԼϰӣǾĴϰ尡
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ãԶ붼û룬Ϊ󷢻ҪЩǶʲôС
īֽǷҲԶ
Զ֮󣬺ܿ쿴꣬Ȼһ֣صĿųīģҪ飬Զ϶ȫϣ빫ӸԶ죬͹ˣԶ϶׼Ϣݸӣ


210 
ãǾ鷳ˣī˵
ɷСˡԶͦž޴ĶӣƺҪī񣬲ôôԲ
󣬳īû̫ͣáԶдһջס¡
һǳīԶϤԸţҲԼһءϾ˲ɾţ󷢵ĸȴīġ
⣬īߣһĿġҩģ
ĵļƷҩģľѹһգĺܶҩģҲľ߼۹
ˣҪϣҵЩƷҩģѾǲˡԣīĿ⣬Ͷ˴롣
ҲãҲãЩļ棬붼һЩҩġЩҩģȫĶͬʱ߼ҩģҲһֲƸ
ЩȱǮ˵Щǲóġ
īҪ̽һ̽ЩǵĸۡûʦҪЩҩġ
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˿ջһƫƧĵطٴݳһʮꡣŴЩǾסתȥ
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ЩĵլʺҪǻ
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ܣôҲô˵ǵͳ˵ȻڱԭʧʵĴ˵Ǹְ׵꣬ʮˣҲҪϳԸ
ҾͲţûҴһСƨѡг˲ζãƻڲԭϵĲ֡
УͳЦض㻹ɣְһı£Ҿ͵ȥո㣡
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ֵøһһԶ˲ڰ˵
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벻Ҳվ˽Ѿһϸˡ̾Ϣһ¶ź
Ҳǡߵ˵
ԶͲˡԶһĨĹâ˵󷢶жҲһֱǵáѾȫɢҲҪΪԼǡĵطվǴġ


211 Ҫ
ߺǺһЦ⻰˵ĺеĵطվǴ룡ĺˣץī߲㣡ʱϷԾټٳ鱨ŵͷӡӦûκ⡣
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սϵжԣɱһĵ̽ӡⲻ̫ôԶһԵ˵
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ˣûκ˻ţ
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ҪıߵľӴɽĴˡ
ΪɽûжԶݸ
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īҵһ֮󣬴뿪ڰҹмۣ׼ȻؿջϢһȻһ磬ֱӸϻشġ
ϢȻԽ촫ݻȥԽáңκεŸ롢ȫţΪǶб˴дΣգ
ڿҪջʱ򣬳ī۾ͻȻ΢΢һУͫ׷ŴֱͣסţīһԾһ޴˿еУסǼջ


ԶĶͷϣһſµ䣬ԭӣһƬ԰ס
ѽסջû뿪ҵ˱鼰۶κһҴͿջͲܷڼģ
ңˣһʵѾ˻ƼĲ㡭ῴۣôûڿջ
һԵĳϣˮԶĿУűĹâոôұ֤ģ
ϣ𼱡𼱣ܿܣСȥʲôȥˡԶһ޳ˡ


212 ˵
ĿԶ죬Ȼҧгݵĵˣ
ԶɥҲû뵽
ߵʵô죿
ô죿ȰջϣСûвΣաһЩﶢţˣȳ˰ɣ˵ţһ˦ӣתˡ
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һᣬһ紵ԶǷֵӣ΢΢һ¡ҲæҴȥ
īһֱǿž޴ϣԶԶͳϵ˵Ķ۵ס
īУ¶һĨʲôû˵ת뿪
󣬴󹫼֪׷һ·۵ĳī
СӣôʲôĪ͵͵İѼү˦󹫼һīƵʵ
īһۻմĴ󹫼ЩȵĵôŪûͷ˴ˣ
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󹫼֪īȱҩĵģҲ֪īŪЩҩģΪ˸ʦⶾ
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󹫼ĵ۶ܿ۵ĵطүͳͳһ顣ϧʹĽ䱸̫ɭϣд򣬼үȥ
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һ׻ʳҪӵһ޴Ԫʯֱǲ顣
ˣвԪʯޱȵľƼƷԪʯͨ˵˵ȻһЩ͵ĳīףΪʲôϿϴӦ㣬нƮ칬ʼѧԺ˰ɣףΪʲôϵҪȨԼ𣿡
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īŷͨǼѾɿˣ
ͨҡҡͷûУ࡭ҲͲɼʮ֮һɣȴѾڳһᴩɽľ޴ͨ


214 īײ
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ҡڹ˵˭
ī۾΢΢аʸ֪ˣģᳬʮˣ
ЩһվڴĵȨ壬û˿ӺԼ
ˣʲôôܲܽĴģøʵ۰ɣеӵˣ¶š
ˡһˣ
īԺУͻȻһӰţͱԼ뷨һ˵ѹֻϲ˵˭£ȻԼܲġ
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ţôЩͨȫʱڡӦҲӰ쵽ͨеͨɣīʵ
ʱ򣬾ϣƺҲЩӦˡ¶˳ϣĹâ


215 һһ취
ͨ˷ܵվûлشī⣬ߵīǰ´˰졣Ȼһĳīļ򣬺ٺЦϷС󣬳˻ϣû˭϶ôһΣϷǷģţʮ߻ʮˣ
īͷߵĿŷͨûĵʮ꣡
ȿȡܲܲҪôˣͨһ䣬ȻŻϣ¡ʮʱ򣬶ԼѾܴ˰ɣ
ϿЦŵͷǰѾʼ뵽µУȷԼˣ
СӱϷǰ׻ôּƲߣʵӣɰƫƫû뵽Ͼǰͨ˵
īҲһӵĹâǰǰ
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˷ͨĻ̲ס¶һ˿ЦȻ˷ͨһۣ˵ϷϷУּ֮ô
ͨЩεĺٺЦҲûб粵ʲô
һųī׼ô
ī˵Ҫһǧ˵ıȨ
׼ϺԥĴӦ
ʣµ飬Ҿˡī˵Ҫ֤һǧ˵Уܳͽҽɱ⣡
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ãһѵЩˣΪһϸ̿Ȼ󣬱±ҼھĶȨīŻϣʱͨǻˣԪʯȫ޷ˣ»᲻ۣ
ⷽĶȨû⣬ɸ㣡ȫ㣡˵ţȻ˵ԪʯڣЩϣûֹ
ͨһ˵ǰ˵һ⣬ԪʯͻΪڶ⣬⡭ͬ֡ǰС
ˣǿɳЩԪʯȫ׸ɺˡϵ˵׹ңɽڣûաһΣһ̹ĵĽѵռڽɽ޾ģ
ЩԪʯ㹻ǵѧԺһɰͨһź˵ϧʱҴ
īʱ򣬿ŷͨͻ˵ɳʮ֮һԪʯ㹻ѧԺɴˣ
ͨͷ㹻һǧ˵ɣʹһ꣡
˻
īɵһĿɿڴĿŷͨôࣿ
ͨ˵ϻȻĻôᱻΪܣ
īͷ˵һһ취
ʲô취ͨͻͬĿĿųī񣬷·ڿһϡ䱦
ī˵Ŀһ漴˵֪ģʦǰʱ䣬¶һ֣½֪Ĵڡ
ֹ¶һֱ֡ǴչͨУŨŨ˷ܣֻϧǰԸ˽ӴȻݷһ
Ҳһ˷ܵ˵λǰ˵仰¡治Ǵ⡣


216 
ī˵ϸ˧ɽǱߵԪʯҿʦ֣ȡЩеԪʯʱ򣬲ĸɵʣһҧʮ꿪ɣһͲôԪʯ
˵а취ʦ˼а취ЩԪʯһҹ֮䡭ȫʧ϶ʱһ𺳵ĿųīĿУš
ͨҲͬһ𾪵Ŀųī
īЦЦ˵ҵʦ𡭡ɲˣʵԪʯֶʦУȫϵġҪ⣬Ҳæʦľ磬ԽԪʯеԪڶʱڡȫգ
š
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⡭ҪĿĸԸϵվǺܿģȻ᲻Щֵ޷Ԫʯȴֵܹء
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£ڵϢ©һ𣬾ѾڴߵĿƷΧ֮ˡԣЩɣԼˣ
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īЦЦʦɾֻһͽܡ
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ͨͷ˵ò˶꣬ʦ𣬻һ뿪ʱ򣬾㽫ķջء
ϰڰ֣һᶨĵ֪ϲǺӣҲ̽ޣ޿Ժĸ㡣ĲǷءԶǳīģûкϣǵطҲԶճģ


217 ɽ
ͨЦһսûǾѴİڽɽˡǲе㲻̫ã
ϲɴЦ漴һĨû룬Ѿʴȣһսսѹһ꣡һ̹ĵĽѵǲ᳤Եģ
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Ŀһ۷ͨǸС˵飬಻üޣһΣΣܷŹˡֻڻУ޲һսκε⣡ԡʱ
ͨҡҡͷ̾Ϣһ£Ѿ漰ʼڲĳˡ˽ٺãҲû취̽ˡ
ֻǷͨжЩ⣬ϹˣҲһݵλޱȵү˻ʵ۾͵ˣܱȵһϹۻǿɣǳ뾿ʲôˣô˵λ̫үܹɥĲѡ
ʮǰ֪֮ˣûгīôࡣ
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īҲû뵽ܹӵʵú˹ǿô򵥡ȻЩ飬˸˵Ҳⲻ˵ġ

ɽλڴĵ߾Ǻبڴĺʹ֮һȻա
ɽƼΪҪһЩ¾ڡһûŸֵȼԪޡ
˵߼Ԫޣ߽׵ģ
ԣû뵽ľӣѡͻơͬҲû뵽һ޴ޱȵԪʯ
ЩԪʯīûħΪħȷûԪʯ
ħī˵ɽ磬ͬԪʯĶֻеģʯɽеģɾ
ħ˵ֻɾŶáڵľ磬Ϊɷ֮ĸʴ˵ľľľ쾳硣˵㼶ħһֱʩչֶΣȴȫɼֶΣ
ȻĻô½Ķǿߣȫ𺳵
īʦЩҲԼͷȥʲô顣ԳīŻĴ󵨵ĸ˵Ƿ
ֻû뵽ϵķӦҪǿҺܶࡣȻŵһ
Ҫүү֪Щ飬϶˵òˣʱ򡭡ҪҪүүҵĳȥԪ˧أī붼ЩЦȻܿġ˵ȴҲû̫·
Ϊģ硣ΪƪķľԹĺô
īɽʱѾ֮
һ·ī۵òᣬ󹫼ȻǰѾҵȴٵ
ô󹫼Ļ˵ǣүǾȼ浱ﲻɣ
СȮЩҲֵúܺãһֱܹԣ֡˸󹫼Ȼ໥Ų˳֮⣬һжá
īǰ·ƬննϵɽҲЩ
СȮӳīĿڴ棬Դɽķͽ
󹫼һԳСƹ㵽ˣԹˣ


218 ͨ
СȮĳŴ󹫼ʾ󹫼ôЦȥүץȥ
˵ţ󹫼ϵϢ¶һ
СȮʱڳīĿڴɪɪ־ϵѹǺް취
īûĵһ۴󹫼һץ㣬ôģ
󹫼Цүûץӡ
ī˸ۣȻ˵ˣǻҪ졣󹫼ҪҪһ𣿡
󹫼˵үоɽбͲһˣͷΣգԺүæ
·īʵ
ү󹫼һεԴϵĴӣٵʧڳīС
أСһīһۿڴСȮʵ
СһԴ˲صīĿڴҲȻ³īˡ
У͸ҺˡҪһЩ߽ԪޣҲ԰ǡī˵ţɽķչӰ粽ٱȥ
ɽǰīշͨṩĵͼҵͨڡ
ò˵ûеͼҪҵڣܣ
ΪڵΧûκ˻ĺۼ
һУȥޱȵԭʼȻκߵ֪϶뵽Ȼж졣
ţīȻһʩչӰ粽Ȼܿ
ಣ
һʸƿųīշɹ
ᣡ
ʸݺݶڼʮһ棬ʸû룡
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ʱǰϡϡУһʲôҵȲ֪صأ˵߿Ȼɱ⣡
īüһȡ˷ͨĻ˵Լ˧֮ӽŷ˧Ҫ飡ȥͨȻҪ£ǵ𣡡
ʱ򣬳īȻȻûзֶԷټвһͻȻЩ˵սԴĵĹȫµʶ
Щ˵ϣҪôӵθ֪ĶҪôǴﵽһ磬Ϣй֣
ʱǱ߳ĬһᣬȻһӰ߳
īһǶʱ΢΢鴤˼¡ˣȫ£ſ֦ҶߣȻִ·Ƭеһ֡
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˵ţ˿ȥ
īվ֪ǰеĶϣ¶һĨ֮ɫΪûиоκ쳣
ĪǡȺڳֹ֮ǰϸûκɱ
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Ҫ֪κ飬ҲãԪҲãͨҰޡڽй֮ǰ϶¶һ˿ɱ
һ˿ɱ֪ˣֱӸܵҼʱ
Щ˵һɱûСôǾ߳ܶ࣬ȻĻҪǰ֪ܣ
˵һˣеĺ߽ܶǿߣҲ⧲
Ҹ֪ɭеһУīԲݹȥһ
һǺ棬ڶīҲһԣûа취
󣬲ֱӴݸīһϢ
ϢУǰƬϡϡеһУ
Щӣ
ϡϡһ۶УȻŶʮˣ
ÿһ˵ľ磬ȻȫǾѪǿߣ
ԭＯеˡΪһȺˣīţԽ飬ˡ
īûãǰУһŲ
ոǸˣֶһ˻ųīƺȻ裬˵˧ȻϿ϶ڣ㽫Žҡ
ī΢΢һüȻܹĹأ˻ɣȻЩʹ졣
ƺīĲ죬͵ȻȻӦʲôطû취ǲθ£Ǳ뱣֤İȫʧ֮½⡣
ôһͣīҲûʲô˵ˡЩ˵ҳ϶ȵġ˵Щˣ˵ԻϺͷͨġ
ţīͨǷţȡˡ
һΣīȴʱ̣ܶٴ۷Գī̬ȣȫͬˡ
ʹ룡˵ţīƬϡϡ֡
ǱЩˣʼգûһĶͷӦ³ī߾ǵĺҲûϰ֡
һȺʼߵսʿ
īа
ţ˽īһŴ棬Ȼ¡
ԱߣͻȻ¶һڣҲ󣬴Լֻ߼ġ
ǰȥī
֮΢ӦһĹߣһصڡ
ͨŵصһۿͷͨԣȫǶɢ͹â顣
˿һ۳ī˵߰ɣ㣡


219 
ͨǺܿ룬ī֣ԭﾹȻмʮͨ
ǰ磬ҳĬԣһ仰ûСīҲе֣ľˣʵ඼֡Զ˵ö࣬һ㲻Ĩǣȥֺ˭
ܿ죬ī˽뵽һ޴Ŀռ䵱Сīһۣд¹һ£оͨ˵ǸռࡣĵӦòͨ
˲ûдųīͨԱһգһСſڡ
ʹߴˡ
洫һЩͳ
ţŴ򿪣˶Գīͷ档
īŲ۴һŲľӿȥЩͷˣЩϾɡӵĺ棬һѮߣűװͷЩףϵҲܶࡣ
ī̧ͷһۣһĨȡû뵽˧ˣȻᡣ
ɣãûʲôöд㡣˧˵ԼˣȻˣҲͲˡ߿żɽ˵
ҿҵүүҲһˡī¶ЦݣľǰһϾɵľ档ȥǺ
ӵܣܸܵʣߵͷȻ˵˧и˵߳Ҫ飬ҪҾȫ㣬һָȨϡ
˵ţһ¶ͷ˵ҲŲ㣬ЩҷԸ㡣ǶְҵˣȻȴнֹǵС㲻ô
īͷϽΪҪȨģϣЩܹסһغս
΢΢һ̧ͷųī˧ûи˵ʲô飬ֻ˵Ҫ顣ֵطôܳΪغ֮أ˵ţ૵Ҫ˵طĶغĵࡣ
īҡͷЦ֮䣬Ҫս֪ɣ
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ط¶ˡīֱ˵ǱߣҪ˳ֱͨӹ뵽ĸأ
ʲôⲻܣڵһվһǿϢֱӱɭĿųī˵֪Щ֮⣬ģֻ֪飡ˡӽѾʮꡭû뿪طˣҲ˵Ѿʮûлؼˣ
īɫƽĿߣеһ⡣
һŵĿųīָһһ˧ܣϡܣ̫ӡ𣿡
Ƿˡīƽ˵ʱ򣬳īףΪʲôϸֱͨӾ鱨ԭ֪ԪʯˡлҪ٣
Ȼֻ
⻹ǣҪų֪˭ġ
̫֮ǰֻ۾˿ٵ˫äīߣӢӣѾ̫ˣɲһ֮
ⲻܡ̫ӵ£񰮴ô˴ѣЩʧĵϣǹȫʧѣΪӣҲӦɥĲ顭Ӧð
߲ûлɳīĻΪһȻǻϺͷͨȫŵùľĸ
īַͨĴ˧ͻϵּӽȻм١ټϷͨǷţѾԳ֤ݡ
˾óī̫ᣬû취֮⣬˼
ȴĺţĿеδȻɥĲ顣
ѾˡǻʵԵʱˡīߣ˵˵ͨھȨʦȽܸһҪ
߿һ۳ī̾Ϣһ˧û˵Ǹˣң
ʲôī΢΢һʱʱִ٣ͨͻϵȷûи̫ߵ
ϷֿھطϷ򲢲佫ȻЩʵóġȴǿɺھ򡣡ЩʧǵĿһ۳īϷ١
ԭŽⷽרңʧˡīվʩһȻ˵ıȨұҪСһս֮Ȩֱӻύ㣬뽫ġ
ٿЦһս֮طܴһй¶ȥ
ī˵ľǣԴд󹦣һս֮󣬻Ĺһʮû뿪Ҳûؼҿˡ
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220 
ʱ֮ϣеؾλ渺𾯽Щˣһ٣ȫͨĹ㳡֮ϡ
潫ɽ󹤾ţһǧһʮˣʵһǧһʮˣһʮ꽫죬ٻ㱨ߵĳīĿбӡ
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īȺ׳ʿľҪԺ𣿡
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һǧ졣
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ʱͻȻ䴫һĶϺȣŽȵȡ
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Ⱥˣƿ󹤣ͬҲǴһȺ
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221 
ֲóսĽԪʯӲѪȺʿУ츳õģҲвٴﵽѪǾĸһѡ
һˣˣѾͻԪؾ硣
ʮ䣬ѾﵽѪĸ߽ף
ĿеżǴ˧ͨƽԸܹڽһ죬ΪͨĴԪ˧
һб꽫죬ڿ󹤾ߣҲżߵ˵֧УٵĶ
һķʣʱٽ
īУŴ˧ͨĻţŻϵӽּĸĴɱ
׵Ľأ
һΪǰ;Ὣ죬ΣҲԸһĻͬҲ޷ԼĶУֲعصĽ졣
Ǿ˵ְ
īź񣬺ǺһЦսƻȻУʱ㲢Ҫ֪Ҷĵβ죬͹ˡʲôֶΣҵ飡㣬ֻҪͿˣ
ȥĿųī
ԣīһƽĿź񣺡ˣǸˣ
㲻ǣ˵ҺΪĵ潫죬ûеһ˶ǵСƨ˵ԼƽģΪһ𣿡
סڣŭȵ㻹֪ԼǸ潫죿潫𣿡
ҲǿĵҪսҲӦΪΪǣ˽طˣһʹߣֻҪϢ㹻ˣʣµģͿˣƾʲôҪϸ˧˽жϡ
㹻ˣīǰ棬һǲԼǰ;ˣǰɣ֪֪ƾոⷬ㹻ģǴľӵ潫죿Ĺض𣿡
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222 󹤾
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223 
Ȼ󣬻һػҪ⡣ī٣ʵ̫Ǳߣ֪֪֧ţӵǿս
룬Ȼ˵Ӧǲ֪Ϊ귢ʱǷ˧԰ŵġ̫ǱߣȻһֱҪ˧ùϵ˧ϴСһ𳤴ǻϵĸˣ飬̫δ֪顣
īЩڣ׻ƳǵʱӦߵΪϵһ൱Ҫ⡣
ٺú룬Ҫī˵Щ̫ûвֵߣ
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īһٵ˵Ǳߵǲ뵽ͨУǵˡ߾ӴܡӦþ֮ˣ
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īЦ϶ǳһҪԼеʵû취ˡҵʱõ鱨ʱѾ൱˧ͻϹ̫ͨࡣ
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ڣڰº󣬿󹤾ŵһҴҵĴϢ
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Ϊһ죬īԼȼ󹤾ŵĽ죬ȫܵĲͷá
ÿһϸڣȫҪ֤ܶ顣
ҲٸЩ󹤾ŵĽ죬ʵ̫˽ˣ
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īٺЦһæ³֮Сүһ컯֮㣡
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224 ǿ
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225 
ͨ൱޴󣬿ͬʱɺܶһɻˣȺٶȲܿ죬Щӣ㱻
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ʱ򣬶еһЩ߽ǿ֣߳ϧķԪЩʯ׷׻顣
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ֱʱܶ˲ͻȻףԭˣһӣ
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ͨŻϵıӰһ亹ͬʱҲаޣһСӹ԰ôСͣˡ˵ûǹ

׻ƳߵֶԱ۶Ͽաޱɱա
·ĶǣһķΧС
Щʲô鶼֪ͨڣȫоϢǺĪ֪ʲô顣ö˶˵ģⷱеϿգôѹֵϢ
ϲõϢȾˣѹֵϢͬҲٴȾ
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˵дȺ̹λʵۣԪϡΪԪ˧Ҳкܶˡڴλ˳ûϽš
ԭļƻժӣīڲԭһͣƻ׻ٵѴҵž졣
˷ɽȻǿдģ
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Ӣԥġͬˣ


237 ԭģ
Ӣͬѱ֮󣬽Ͷ״൱ݶ
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ͨɽ֮ͨǿ̵ʱ䣬ֱӹݸȻ󡭡Ϳֱ׻Ƴˣ
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˵ǰʱ䣬ļУͻȻʧԣԷ֣Ϊһҹ֮䣬˳мҩġҩ֮⣬еĽ鱦ֹŶȴһ٣ʱΣȴΪֻгһʧԣδ̫⡣ոô˶˵Լʧԣô£ӦЩ˰ɣ
ǰǺΡҲΪҼʧԡųҩģҲûʲôҪĶûб١
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һ
һȺ˷׷׸š
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ߵͷԵƬ̣Ϸȥץˣȥȥͻأ
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238 ɱ
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239 еһ
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еȺ̫ϻ˼ʵ۽ȴˡ˫Ҫ˵ȻһĨ貵Ĺâųϣ棿
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ͷ׷Ŀдص·ģϳؽϹѣ


240 ԭŮ
󣬽ٴεس˼ּȥڴΣͷϵִе൱ס
һ֡ϣ
ΣҪϵīǸֲʦ뿪磡
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ԥţ֪ǷӦýõǸϢ
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һԣĿɿڴ


241 ⲻҪ
ǰ׻Ƴˣûɣ۶Σ
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ڳīĶ棬ڳīԡ˳ī⻰΢΢˳飬һ۳īĵ⻵Сӣʱ򣬻˼˿Σݰ
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ΪǸܣ
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̫ˣȡõսҲ̫Ի͡սŽĹסϵĹ⻷Ѿ㹻Ҫˡī٣ǱҸҪЩ
ǡλʷרңڿĽǺܻ˵챿ĺܣҪȰīȴЩ֪οڡ
īһЦŽϽȥ磬ᣬҾ档죬ȻẦµġ
һĿųīͬʱ̾ϢΪʲô꣬ҴûУΪʲôǴˣ
һ·ϣô죬㹻Գīи˽⡣ϵĸ¼Ѿ֪ܶࡣۼīԴ̬ȣжԳīǸе塣
־ҫʱ̣ʡмܹ̹ȻԴ
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˵һͿأ֪ΪΣУ̫꣬⡣
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ⶫô£춥ףЦޡĽʺЩֻҪϣԶ޷⡣
һ񵭵ĳīЩʵôҫ۵ʱ̣ΪʲôӵУҿóھܾġ
īһ۷˵ΪⲻҪġ


242 ȶ
ҪʲôĿųī޷ȻᣬҲ㲻ס
īЦŷδؽ֡
ʲô΢΢üȻ뵽ضǿƥʦ𣬾Щ˼Ŀųīɣ
īЦЦĿһۣû˵泳ӵŷ׼𣿡
ԣһĨʧ䣬漴˵ܿܣ׼ˣҽΪ˹Ǿ仰ɱЩ²Ҳ޹ЩˣҲãǵūҲա֮һ
īĬһ᣺˵˲㡣һᾡ
лˣЩվųīʩһ

ΪĵĻʳǣ׻ƳޱȾ޴ΡĳǽڵƽϣͬһڵĴӳʮ֮⡣һۼͷ
˿̣׻ƳУӭӳĶ飬ͬһͷ
Ʈ裬ɭϡ˵ϣȫųԺͽı顣
ϲãġ
ûϲս
ûԸʧȥ԰ʧȥأɢԣ̣׻ƳǡĵˣҸġ
ʼҵ̶飬죬ʵ۵Ǽݻ
߿󹤾ŵսʿ١Щ߲㣬µÿһʿȫ¶֮ɫܶȦ
ΪһˣܱʵӭӣϵġԴҵҫ
һ̣ˣȫʶģѾڶп󹤾ŵսʿǶ֪֮Уһꡣ
ҫǣ
˿̣ڿ󹤾ÿһ˵УǸݣӡеǸ۵ġεʹߡ
ǡĿеģӢۣ
١ݼ꣡󹤾٣ڻϵǼǰ
ˣҲҪŹ¡
ʱһϸɤּӢ򣡡
䣡
ÿһ󹤾սʿĶУ˵ϣ¶ޱȸжı顣
ʱһӰǼ߳Ȼ󣬵ȴõĸ̨
п󹤾ŵսʿǣĿеĿǵɫ۵Ӱϸ̨Ȼǣ˵޵Ӣǣӭǻؼң
꣡󹤾սʿĵĺ죬쳹
ϵĿУҲ˼֮ɫȺȻ˵īأ޵ǧأ
ڻߵĶۣʱ˿̣ĸпǧŻ仰ףӽġī֡ǧ򻧣
һͨꣻʮ꣬Ѿ˴Ȩ۷λã
ĨһѶͷͻȻ뵽СӣѹøǵͬʱϡҲ󰡣һʱĸ۵ģһ
˵ֿԲ־ٹͬʱ򣬲ֲ̫ܻ۵Ķһأ
̧ͷĵһԣ¡Щ΢ʺϼ磬óó˵һ¼¡
ͨЩĿһ٣пЦС˵żĹ򣿾ȻʵΪ˵ѣ˸ôǿ
һԣֱð亹˵ӵĵӣȷǲС˵þⲻϣҲЩʧǰãŽѧ˱ͨ
΢΢һЦðģȥ
˵ţȻӸֱ̨
һ£ߵˣȫ¶ı顣֮ǰ˶֪϶ԳīĶ衣
ڣ֪ˣ
Ƕ裿ֱǳˣ
Ҳ˶֪Ĺؼ֮¾һеسѵ¡ⲻʰɣ
ϵһسû˵ʲôֱ¸̨ſ󹤾źĳȥ
س˵ʲôȴͨݺһѾߵĻ˻ȥȴǶЩġ
ǿ󹤾ŵսʿֲīƾʲôҪ˸ߵ
ʱľسߣƤЦⲻЦ˵Ǳá˵ֱ꣬ӾسߣŻ׷ȥ
سһͷˮȫûľ仰˼ʲôᣬӸλԴȻǰ׸ġ΢侲һ£ʱһͷ亹
ˣ
׳īĹж󣬶ͻȻˡīȻںĳ棬Żǰȥ桭϶֪ľ޴飡
ٿͨλеĴУ˵ڻߡУʱ¶һ˿¡
һѶͷĵҿû˵


243 Ƕ
ϵĵóīЩ⣬ͬʱҲЩжģǶԵ塣
ôϲôīɲΪ֪֮ġ
Ŵΰ̬ŵͣĳ̶ֳ˵Ҳˣ
һ۳ī̾ʹһĻʵۣ
īЦЦӳ߳ӭĻ΢΢һСӺεºܣñɷСˡ
СӣǲǰһֱŲ¶ɣˬʵЦţӵǰ˳īļ¡
ԶԶںسһĻŵȶЩǻϵְҪԼļϣԼ᲻Ҹֱιȥ
ٿǸ꣬ϴżֿЦȻżֲԸӡ
ҵĸ졭سѾȥˡ˱˰
ͬʱҲڻĿеֵλ
ʢĻӭʽȻһֱڳīϡˣ˳īһֻ֮ص˸̨֮ϡʼռȶг̣ܽ͡ɵһĽš
Ҳ˷ûΪùĴ߼죬Ǹ൱ءڽ˷Ͷ֮󣬱˴ŷ뿪
󣬿󹤾ŵսʿǣİյļеӭУʻУص׻Ƴǣ
־׻Ƴǵľ֮⣬δⲺӽĻʳǣҲ󹤾ŵսʿػ
⡭ͬϵһҫ
ַʽ֪ˣҴģؽǣĺսʿǡ޲ˣս޲ʤ
ȻѾ֪˽Ҳ֪ޱϸĹ̡ս׿ڽվһ
ǣϺһȺسڶϵĹ֮͢󣬱ֱӽ١ˣ˽֮ϡ
Ľǵȫͬ
˻֮⣬ϣ˰Сľʣ֤ÿ˶һ
СľʣʲôϡĶѰռҶСҪʲôط
Сľʰڵǵƾ㲻ʷһΣҲһƾĹ
ĿڲţҪٸһЩ
ǣⳡѾ䶨ʷʫսۣںĿУͬһһӢ۵һġ⻭ϣһġ÷ḻ
ΪãûбسźĽһڣףǸǰʱ仹׻Ƴǽ꣬ⳡսУá
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ᳶԼ½ϴżСߣҧ´һ˫ˮӣڰ׷עųī
ûйϲӣ¹ЦȻ˵ţȻࣺȥ׼һЩԵģϽ˴ȥϴһһ·糾Ӧۻˡ
ٵһ仰ѾܳԶˡӣǴ˼ҵѾͷ
īЦҡҡͷ󣬱СѾͷȥϴ
ȵīϴϣ˳׼·˾ǱһƵģ񳹵׻ָ
ò˵ⷽ棬ŮԶϸ
ī֮󣬲ļһΥ˵ˡ
չˣī´ۣȻЦļ硣
ͬʱֱӸ˿̵ϢƼ㣬ļ޲
һ飬ųīЦǣСڸ磬Ѿ򲻹ϣ
ԣīЦЦĿ
һˡǿߣô׳֣
ī̲סЦջ֮ǰͣסЦ˵ֵܣ㻹иδ㣡
󣬶Ҳ
һ𣬳һޱȻķ
īû̸̫ɽһս飬˵󲿷ֹ͵ȷҪ䵽īϡȫûɱۺġ
īĿ꣬ʼڸߡԶĵط֪δȻһսڵȴ
ͳ̸߱֯ķչ
ٺܿĵĿųī˵߱췢չĺܿ죬ңһЩ֮ǰ벻ˣ߱죡
ţīų١
Ʈ칬
īʱ΢΢һĿų١
˵Ʈ칬һһӳѾȥһ֮⣬ʮӣУȫһƮ칬ĴС
Ȼأīüһƺ뵽ʲôЩš
ȸ½ߣ׷ɱʧ֮󣬾½Ʈ칬ĵӹ֪һ֮󣬲ûѡݽƮ칬ʼѧԺٿųī˵ǲŻʼң㣡֪֮ȫѡ˼߱֯룬ʱ䣬Ӧüһǡ
ʮһһ뿪Ʈ칬ˣīų١
ǵģڣͷ


244 Ʈ칬
ƾʲôôǣƾһ㡭ƺ̫ܰɣīЩɻ󣬱ϾѾȥôꡣȺеĴѾӦð
ǲûйôá̾ʮЩʼնأһǸԶԶ硣㣬׻Ƴ߸ôĶǿȻֻ̻̲յӡ
īˣи̾Ʈ칬Իͣ۷壬ƿշ治ֹһɵͷµӣȻûһܳ棬ò˵⵱Īıͷ̡
ҵ˽⣬Ʈ칬Щ߲㣬һĴ󡣡̾ҲǴƮ칬ĴָޡңʮöָѾƮ칬еĴָˡЩе伮װԣЩӵϣһԪʯûС
뿪ʦŵıӻһȺͲŮҪĵƤӵҲȷΪˡī̾Ϣ
ô˵Գī˵ǸĺϢ
īܼƮ칬ʮŴеĵӡóīЩǣʮƮ칬Ůӣڼ֮ݣڳƹ
Ȼ󡭡
ʮöֱָӽ˳īϡ
ǡǸʲôīһԾĿȺˣʲôʱǵĹСǾͲҰǶˣЩеļֵԼ𣿡
һĸòŮӣǵʮġǵĴʦ㣬һ¡
һ¸һ𣬵ϥأųī˵Ʈ칬Ѿˡ뿪Ʈ칬֮ǰ˵гһգһˡҿؽƮ칬ˡǱΪɡ
ǾáҿǵˣؽƮ칬īЩŵĿһ¡
һµͷǵģѾˣ
һԣһƤЩ΢ڣͬŮӣΪһʮеĶʦ㣬ӹܱһʦãܽƮ칬ʼѧԺȸ½ǧǿߵ׷ɱƽʵѾˣ
ɡƮ칬īǳ鴤š
һȻһЦƮ칬Ůǰɣ
īͷ
Ҳ˵ЩƮ칬ӵѡǲȷģǲЩʡ˵Ʈ칬һֱһŮ׵šȻҲйеӣɳīһ˵Ʈ칬ĹŮˣ
һ̾ĹǸˣǸɱϵ˵ĻƮ칬ѡйܶλᣬԽȫΣնɱҡСΪˡ
һһ˵뿪ʱ˵һ仰˵ܺڣǸɱϵˣƮ칬ô䵽³
īЩԣ˵ǵ֪Ǵġ˺Ůˣںܶʱ򣬴ķʽȷͬ
ţī̧ͷʮ඼ŮӣЦѵͲ£ҰǴ;ͲҲﲻεҪδ
һȥȳī˼꣬ŮЦҽСС
ָǵĲ̫һīЦ
ҵ꣬ûüձֱ֣ӱ򷢳ǻᣬҲꡭСС΢΢죬˵뿪ʦţöֱָӱ͵һİĵط죬ſһСһûкӵϷ
ССĽīȺŮΪʲôΪʲôĸԸĽмֵɹĴС
ʵǡЩܵĿ࣬ܵľš̫ࡢ̫ˣ
СС֮һʦûãͱӡҪΪ츳ʵ̫ˣ
˵īȥڳǸӣǳľţ꣬ͻԪأôССƮ칬ܳһľš
Ʈ칬ʱ꣬뿪Ʈ칬ʱꡣֻһʱ䣬ֱͻƵԪؾ磡
Ʈ칬ʱûзŲҰĻôò˶ãССͻʽΪƮ칬״ӣ
ΪƮ칬δϣ֮ǡ
ֻϧϣ֮ǣƮ칬ıΪһǣ
ʮȥͻԪصССȥոͻƵǾ
ֱ˶
ϷޣֻСС갲ȵ˫˫ڰϵүү̣ʵĸ֮ССʼ˵
ʮȥܶطÿһط̫ͣá
Ϊȸʵ̫ǿˣ޿ײ롣
ǿӻôССٻһѪĸ֣ңѪ۷壡
Ҫ֪ССҲʮ߰꣡
Ůӣ½κһطƾ콾
ССϸĽţϻЦݣˮȴ̲סųī᣺һ졭Ѿ̫ˣ


245 
ǵľࣿīŮӣʵ̣ģǱʲôᴥһ¡
һµͷǰһʦõãΣѵĹͷ㡣ԣǽõУáҲɫһ
ôңһȥīЩŮӣЦôұ֤ǱҺˣбҶˣ
ЦˣѾ½һʽɣΪĹŵӣϸ½κӴķɣΪˡһ˵
ʲôīϵıܾʣڷɴ½վ۷Ķɣɡʵ
ȵǣǸŰԵ䵽̱ͬŮˡȻǷɵţ
ǳʲôģ
ѩŮС̣˵ѩͷˣϵ˵֪Ļ½мɣĵ⣿
ȻˣΪʲôϴ᣿
ͷոڳīԺγɣīԼ뵽
ǸŮˣ̫ӵ۾Ҹ϶вҪɱ
ֻҪû裬϶ҽϵ֮ڡ
ңҸҰ
īһֱģгһգʦ뿪ĻܵԼǣǧǿǧ׷ɱǼ£ټɽ޴ޱȵԪʯ¼һѾ㹻ЩɶԴĳˣ
īһĨЦ⣬ĵǸǷɵͷСү׼һˡ
֪£ڳī˼תʱһЩĿһ۳ī漴Ȼʱ䣬ӦǹæŸ֮սˣû⵽Щ
ī΢΢ҡҡͷЦʵ㲻æЩ飬Ҳδػ˵ΪĽҴûȥ
һĿЩ͵Ŀųī⽭СѾ൱Ժˣ
СС˵ǰʱ䣬ܶѾע⵽ǵĴڣȴû˸ǵ鷳
ʱ򣬳īͻȻ⵽ȺŮӣȻϥæǡҲǵĹҲûʸ񡭡
ҪǲӦǾͲһĿųī桭ܻţʲôʱһʦû𣿡
īͷǡͬ⣿
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һµɷǵͨ棬ڸ½еɡӽԺ˭Ҳ׼һ鷳ʵҲڸǣһԺǷɵˣ
³һɡһƺһ
ʲô˼īüͷѵ˵뵽ĸ֮󣬾Լˣ
⡣һ˵ֻĸ֮
ȥģī
ҪǷɵĵǵУͬſֲĴܣ޷ĵ̡һЩǵĿųīīһ֮䣬źĸ顣īķӦ֤ʵĲ롣
ʦ˵ǸǿƥĸǿߣվҪ뿪ġңվһˡһ¿ųīһʦá޷ɣע˲ܳΪƮ칬ĹԡǵĹ
һ˵ô룬ۼ׻ƳǵٶյƮ칬ӣȫôģĿУѽƮ칬ĹȻĻôܾۼΪ߱졯һԱ
īĬһСᣬȻͷãʱˣǷģһ죬һһӷд벻ҪʲôˣԼɣеѡ񡭡ĸԸģ˭ǿҲ⣬ɱ
ī˵ţһһЩŮӲ
ֻϸոһ˲䣬ɢǹǿҵɱȴЩƮ칬桭ǸжģôӴ˺ǿЩǡ
ǿǷɰ
ǳ½ϵĶɣƾ֡Ϳͷΰ졣
Ƿɣ½ϵĶڡ
Ķסô
óȺݺݺƯŮӣīص˼С
˵֮ǰĳīƮ칬ʼѧԺû̫ȥ˼ô˿̣ﴧʮöָĳīܴκεĽǶѾƮ칬ʮ֮Ψһġˡ
ܡҲùܣ


246 ٳ
īһԪ֮Ѫԡ֮󣬸о壬ƺһЩı仯
ƤȻֻҪ΢һԪ壬·һ㣡
ԡһ˲һַεȻ򿪣
īЩȣа⡭ѵѾʣ
漴īһ൱Ķ̵弶ʵʱ΢Ѷ̵ǿпƤ
˵˵̫վ˺
ī΢һԪֱۣ˲Ө׵Ƥ棬·ɢһ㵭ĹΡ
ֳѶ̵һҧԼϡݺݻһ
ˢ
ĵУڼϻսĸоóīĶͷϣһϸܵĺ顣
漴һİ׺ۣڳīϡ
ī̵ֽһԣһȭУһ죬ü䣬¶˷֮ɫ
ˣ
ⲢףûħȡЩԪޣƾīԼҪﵽʣǲ̫ܡ
ңһľ磬̫죬ָĻ̤쾳ʱѾˡ
īĦ°ͣаҿһЩʵĵҩأ
¯ҩ
īǸ뵽ˣϣҪǣҵ˺١ڡЩͬˡ
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¯ֱӸīһҩҩóīǳ鴤˰졣졣
̫ˣ
Ҫָ߽Ԫ޵ѪҺԲᣬͬʱҪҩͱҪһҩ
ֻسˮ
走ʵ䷽ΪʲôҪֶī⣬ȴֻܽܡֻʱģ·¡
Ϊϣûֻسء֪󹫼˵Сֻ˵֪ס
ڶһ磬ֱˣԳīķ͡
ˣǳīˡ̫ࡣ
̫ЦеĿųīͬԼһʵѾӻƼĽʯ֮ڵľ
ĵң뵽½ĸС
һУǳīģ
ӣµּ⣬ۼҾͲˣԼС̫ʮĽʥּݸ˳īȻùӡ
Ҫ˿һĻһᱻŵĿɿڴ˹ƶɵ
֮£Ī֮Ī
ȻˣĽӹʥּ
̫ľٶƶԻϴ󲻾ȴҲַֻͨʽԳīأ
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ᱳѻϣȴΪ˳īȥ
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ʿΪ֪
̫岻ȫϣȴˣ
īЦſһ̫࣬ȻӹʥּĿһ顣
īЩ𾪣૵µдΪأֱʡе㡭̫˰ɣ
ٺ٣ۼȴΪǶԹõİ̫һĵĿųīԣǰϲˣ
ҲҵЦīЦҡҡͷûôռ
̫ЦŴӻͳڶʥּԡ»һּ⡭

ݹء
ĸ뽻֮ء
ɽβ͡
īվһ֧ľӡ
ӣˡ
Ǹո׻ƳܷĿ󹤾ţ
ľÿ󹤾ŵսʿǣһȫ
ԣ֧ӣҲ˴Ψһһ֧ȫǾٵľţ
٣
ѾΪе٣ҪȥΪĴ顣ңóġҲǴ̡
ڳīߣǰʵӣҪҪߵؾֱɱ뵽뾳ڣ
ۣ
ī³ŵһݣһۺ񣺡أ
ٺһЦȻֱɱȥȻ󡭡Ӵ뾳ڣƵľӺ󷽣ǳ䲻һ
һΪҪɱ뾳ڣһ·ֱӹ۶ءīЦ
ӿЦˡĵ۶ʱôôġȻһܿ飬ȻͦôɡһֽҰĵĹâ
˷ѾɹĳΪһĽ
ĵĽһ½½½ͽ
νĽֻһǷͨ
һΣٵľֱӴһǽǽֱӽ뵽˴ľĺĵС
Ҳԭƫֱӽһ½
ϣĽ£ݡ
һ½ǺĿ꣬ţгһգļͷԳһ
ңϣǽ
īЦЦĺļͷ˵ɹģ
ʲôʶһ䣬漴֪Լ˼꿴
ûʲôͷųԼһǿ뺷ϢǰǴӣǰɣ
īУҲĿâǰ


247 ŭ
߾ϣսѾʼȼ
ͬʱں󷽣ǴӴģͻȻһš
֪ǴĵһǷɵĵӣ
ʲô𣿡
㶼֪Ҹ˵³һɣǿ˲ã
˵СĸףǷɵأ
һǶǵϢԴĵ䣬һֲ˼ٶȣˡ
̶Ϣ˴룬ţС
Ȼٶȣ½
š½
Щû˵³һɵˣ֪ˣԭǿɣ֪Щ
ԭĸǿɣܶλˣڣڼеõɷɽģ
ϰղ֪ʲôɽ磬˵뿪ǳˣ
ˣĲɽ磬ʲôأ
Ϣͨֻһ̸ʡĽλСȻ
ʸ֪³һɵĿУϢǸе𺳣
뵽ǰʱųϢƮ칬ʮ֮һһΪŵӣ
뵽Ļʳ׻Ƴ֮ǰǼ£ܶ˵ϡ˺ˮ
ɽһ޴ԪʯЩˣǱϢľ
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Ϣ𣿸̵ʱȥ
ȥģ׻ƳǡϢҵҲûˣ
ڣ̣ȥǵ˽лǣ飬ʱ٣ȥĵĻң
ϻǸԼҪɣģһţ
һȴ½ϸзţȸ½Ȼ½Ͱ׻½
һʱ䣬Ļ壬˽ɡ
̸֮ɫ䣡
һңԶĵطɵڵء
䣬ޱĿеһܱ֮󣬽ܱϸָϵ
ܱмƮ䡣
վźŮӣͷһԲ֪ģէһΪһ
ϢǴĴȥģһ䣬䵽˻ֱ¡
ǺŮӵ壬΢΢һ£²ϢԴͷѿ֤µƶϣǸϢӦòǴӴĻҴġ
ӦãǱУżֲ
ųɾŵİաŮӵ
ΪϢ˭ģ£֪һҷɵӡ֪ѩǷɵӵģ˴Ļ塭˭֪ġϸڸңǴĻ壬ô˭žɫϣһ㵭ɱ
Ѿǳķŭˣ

Ǻǿ˵Ϊǿ
ϣռ
Ǵ뵽׵ĸ˵УҲʹһֱصɴȻ⣬߸ϣ
һ飬˵Ѿˡ
ֵõġһ츳棬Ϊ㡣Դһ֮⣬еһУͷɵı׼
䡭ڷɣ⡣
Ȼʮ̤죬Σʮ̤죬Ҳ죡
Ҳϵǿߣ
һֱʹ޴ĻҵԭҲȻɣȻһ׻ң˹ϵԷ˵ֱֳ裡
ԣ׻Ƴǵʱȥ̫˫ۣԥĻʵۣҲ¡
޲ֱ˴ģ
ԣôܹǱߣŷɵͷԼƤ죿
Ůӵ˴Ļҡʵһ֪ѩݵġ
üһҪ˵ʲô漴ֱͣЩİ˰֣ˣ֪ˣȥɡ
Ůӿһƺ˵ʲôա̾ϢһȻ¡
ںŮô˵ĵĻ壬ѩˡλʵۣѩĸ׵ġˣ
ȻôԸվʵ޿ɸĵʵ
ϧ˵ҲĻ
Ů֮һվɫãҧСҲв㼸䣬㾹ȻַʽҡͷһҪҽ¡ҵţʦз졣ʱȡ
ŭɶҲᡣ
˵ţ֮󣬷ɾȻٳûκ
ⲻǴǰ³һɣûκǰһʱ䣬Ѿּ˵һ顣
Ǽٵģɻ̣
ԣţʮа˾šģ
ЩԴĴˣ˲ֽţֻǴûйעҡ
ɵǴĹǳԱ˳ŵģȥ鷳
õϢĴĻʵۣȻ֪˭ɵģҲ²µõ̲סڻʹЦ
ī޵ǧԣĵ漣֮ӣȻ鴫


248 ͷ
֮ǰīѵ֪֧ӵľλáˣī׼󹤾ţ뵽뾳ڣӺһ֧ӡ
һ֧ţӦģǳīүү޵Ͻľӣ
һ֧ţаˣųʮͷ
ͷڴպоۼŴľսʿ֧ӵУսǿһ֧
޵ľӣҲʮ֮ڡȥ˫ƺƾС
ɽǱ߻û·ʱ򣬻ͷ޵ߵľӣ̽ԵĽ֣˫ʤԱ˴˼սҲһŵ˽⡣
ͷ֮ǰļƻǵȴɽǱߵϢһɹɽô֧ͷڵһʱ䣬Է޵еľӷ𹥻
סǣ
Ǵ߲㣬ͷ仢
仢ʮ꣬һʵڻƼ㣬һѪǿߡߣ긻ǿʱ򣬸棬ȫ۷״̬
仢һţͨⳡսԼĵλһ㡣
ϧǣ첢ûиᡣɽǱߴجģ䡣
Ϣ仢ֱӾͱˣȫš뾫սʿϢɽɽ֮С
ϢһǱߵķ޵Уǧ͵Ϯ˴ߵľӪ
һ̣ߴȫʤ
ֱӼ˴ǧˣһǧˡ
Իͷ˵ֱѩϼ˪
仢ӦʱԮʱ򣬷޵ѾŴȫʤʿȫˡ
һս仢ڷ޵еϡ
Ϊ˫ͬʱõϢģ仢Ҳû뵽޵л͵Ϯֻû뵽޵оȻ˹ٶ֮죡
ˣ⼸죬仢ߣսƣԴߵƣûκηӦ
һ仢Ҫͷ״̬ɽɱϢס߿ţ޵Сȴκ
޵ǸʲôģսȻ̸϶ǿȴޱȷḻ̾顣
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ˣͷߣĻ̻̣
仢Ը⿴ġ
ͬʱĻǱߣҲ´һ仢
ΣϷأ潻档ʲô취һҪⳡսڵȥ
ǰεľȫϡʺ壬ȴ֮
Ϊ仢һʼʱ򣬶Щ⡣
ҪôҪôϡʲô˼
һ仢У仢֮󣬷ס
īһʮ꣬Ȼǿɱ
ͬʱһޱȿֲʦ
˵׹֮սīʦδػ֡һ㣬˭֤ˡ
һҪǳ֣ô롭ǰʧҲס
սﵽһ̶ܹ֮׻ʳˡ
ھڵȣȳīʦһ죡ݺܶ˵ƶϣīʦò˶ã͵÷ʱǴķ֮գ
Ҫʧ˰֮ǷֻҪīʦ뿪ôȸ½ϣɣǡ
ʱǿڷɵϣģ١Ա֤ʧ
ʧǾͲǴˣ
ʮϢʱ䣬ʱ򡭡Ǵ룬Ȼ޵еģȻ½ϡΨһİ
ܳǴϽױ顣ԴǿУ̬ȳϿҡ
仢֮ҲʮָжаģҪ빲
Щ죬仢ֻһ¡ʿ
ͷ˥䵽һʿͨ裬
ⲻһ׵顣
˳̣˭ᡣܴ澳߳ȴǺѡ
ã仢ܹΪһȻ
ͨЩĵͷʿѾ
ԴǱߵƣҲƽԴˡ
Ӿʲôʱͷ仢Ҳû
Уֻʣһ֣һҪס

Ǳߵ仢ҲһԱͽһʵѪıǴбȽϳɫġ
ʱ䣬Ͻеҡ⼸죬սƣɷϽǱٰ߰ƣǲӦս
Ӧ֪ɽǱ߷֮󣬴ڲı˲ԡʼҪʹսˡ
վڳīߣ˵ڵǣԷ֪ǵĴڡԴһֲƣֻһΣӻҪãǷһϡ
ī룬Ȼʵأ
ҾáӦھãȴǵ˵˵
ںомǿڷ޵ǳīүүķϣ˵⻰ī֪īʵҲôġ
ͷ
⣬ΪүүҪġ˵ҪΪⷴսĵһս
Ҫߵƣ
ǲô
Ǹǲ롣


249 ҪմȾ
īˣ߸ոãҪԻͷһ̡
ħͻȻҵ˳ī
ʦûĶҵı£īҲѾϰߡ
ЩԪѪҺӦ㹻ʣ߼ţѾΪʣħü΢΢һųī񣬶ٴż־ȡƺЩԼ۾
ţոͻƵġīҲЩ⣬ԼٶȣʦЩ⡣
ٻ޳īħһûϧ֮ʡųīȥ뿪ʱʣܿѾ뵽˰˼гһգ̤ɽ磬˵лȥһʡ
īͷһᳯǸȥŬͬʱīаҲҪԼΪʣһҪŬʣ
ﻹһЩԪҩҲԪҩĵȼϢжϣӦöħ˵ţóԪҩѷڵϡ
īƤֱЩǼƷԪҩ
˵ţīʼűĽЩԪҩǴݡݣмˣ򼻨ϸ⻨һС˺ܶ౶򼣿Ԫҩʵо綾ģҩȴǼƷ
īһ˵šħվЩĿ⿴
뵽īոհΪʦǻᣬһ츳׿ȴʮֵǿ꣬йǸͷӲСӡ
ȴûзҩʲô̫˽⡭ħУɻаСĪԭͶЩҲǲܡô˵УīҲǹӵܡ
ħû뵽ǳīԭͶЩϣŻ¯ֿʶҩ
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󹫼˵ⷬīȥˡ֣Ȼ˵ر⡣ȴļС
ʦ˵֮ǰҪΪɨϰīڸжͬʱȴһǿҵĵǡ
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ī֪ħҲֵ֪ħ
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ͼǸ磬Խ־޴²ڽĳ죬ֳԽǿƥ
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ԸԼڶͽܣħԻһС
£޻ڣ
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ħ룬Ҳ¶ЦݣҲǡҵͽܣôöԸģ


250 ٳ
󣬳īԼڷһҹʱ䣬еĵҩȫƺãһʮ˿š
ڶһ磬īֱӽЩҩħϡ
дƿ棬ʮ˿ŵҩħ֣ȣġȴЩ
ɽ类׷ɱֱӵ磬ӵ硣ħ˵һѾߵ˾ͷ
Ƕ˵һִǲһ͵ħҲˡ
˭뵽Ϊ˴²յһӣȻ˴ľϲþϲ֡ȫﲻ顣

ħһ۳ī촽΢ƺ˵ʲô
ʦʲô˵ī˿̣һҲǷڲѣ
ȥħʵϣħֺγûиأ
ħϴŲѪս¡ҲѾǲɽˡ
Ӱ粽ڤ˵ǧ֡ȭЩɽ磬ѪȷĹȫľѧ
ıħ˹켣ħͬҲı˹켣
һԭӦڷĳǿߣվһž츳ⱲӿܶµµΪ꣬ɹ̤֮·
ʦͽ漣
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ħ˵ͷųī˵Щҩ֮ͻʧ
īȦ˲һ죬ȴ¶Цݣʦȥ֮һҪһʦȳϣҽɽ죬ܿҵʦܻʦã
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ͬʱһϵ·ԴɽͻȻҹ壬кιɣ
ʮӰߵھħͳīмɵʱȫͣ½ŲֻԶԶĿˣû˼
ħ˵ҵͽܣгī
ǱԶʮӰȫǲ֮ɫȻī֣ǲδ˵
ŶɽǵҲм⣺ʲôô
ī̧ͷʮָжʦԼ˼ˡ
ǳ߳Ժ־ȡ׷ɱ⺢ӵүүˣʮ⺢鷳үүǳʦѧաȴû뵽ǵ߳Ϻ¶˵ľָ֮ʹµӣҪ⺢
ûܳɹֽ֮⺢Ӹϳ졣űȥװɱ⺢ӵүүҪĳ£Զ
ȻҲܳΪǳĳϣ˲ݣ
ħ䣬쳹Ͽաһʱ䣬֪жٳĵ
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£ͨƽĵطǸī̤ľ޴㳡֮ϡܶ˵Ŀ⣬ȫһʮСкϡ
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еֻ֣ճȭ
СкǳУһе콾ӣ


251 ̫ϳ
Ƭ㳡ǳǵľۼ֮أ߳Ժ־Ͻĵط
仰˵гĵӣڽɵ׶ΣҪԺ־Ϻܳһʱ䡣콾ҲҪԺ־֮á
Щʱ͸ˣʮ꣬ʮĶС
ˣ죬߳Ժ־൱ܶĳϣҪߵöࡣ
һֱ߳Ժ־ڳĳУҲͬoһĿУ߳ϵƷ൱ãԸָЯ󱲣ˣ߳϶η֮ġ
ͻȻĪֵ㳡ϵĳǼ
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׷ʲô
ΪʲôǸ˵߳ȡ
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ܶ˶ڲ²⣬ǵ̫ϳǲѾˡ
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һͷںڳڼϣһϮɫĵۣһ˫Уƽϸȥȴɣ֮ɫҲΨ˫ۣܿ˵䣬ôᡣ
´һ۳īȻ¶һĨɫ̾һž޵ɣ⡭ǳܾĵӣ
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仰Ҳδʲô塣
£Ǿ޴㳡֮ϣĳӣ˲
㳡ͷĴ֮У߳Ժ־˲ɫ


252 ҵͽ
̫ϳΪʲôҪô˵Ժ־ˣ־޴ѹ·һɽ˲ѹͷ
ʱ˿̣ȴʲôˣ
һʵѾﵽľ۷ĲΣУ磬Ѿͬoһ㡣ڳ̫ϳǰȴȻȫ۵ͬһСӣκη
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īվħߣԼǰ߸ϣʦǰªĳ߳Ժ־˿һľͷһɵԼǰ
īУ˲ޱȱ䣬
ˣһɱүүһͻһ
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ʵϣǳޡȴһֱС
̫ϳϽ߳Ժ־ץ֮󣬵˵ģʵ𣿡
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˵̫ϳϣĮԺ־УκĲ
磬Ƿ˵ѣʵױɿ
Ժ־ڳ죬Ҳ׳бȽϳɫġȻһֱڱչأ̫ϳ϶еһЩ򣬻Ǻġ֪Ժ־ôһˣͬʱҲ֪ڳĿУλܸߡ
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Ƿ˵ѣҲ˵Ժ־Ѿˣȴǲʵĵ˽ң
ģ̫ϳϣ˵ѣ˵ѰԺ־ˮҪ£Ҳȫ˿ȥǱֻ֣ĵһ˿ΣܳϣԺ־Щ飡
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οԺ־˿̣һּ٣ŷ棡ѾԼˡ
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̫ϳϾͲûֱ˵˵īҪǰ볤죬Ժ־Ūˣ
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253 ǵ磿
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256 
̫ϳϣĿʦͽȻʮϣ¶һĨɬ֮ɫһ˫ԭͱɣԲɣзǲޣǲҺޡ
Ϊ½ϣһڵɣӽʹûִ
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̫ϳϿ浽ʱľһԺ־죬ѡ
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ΪһԺ־컹кܶλϣ
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257 ʦټ
ԭΪʦ㣬ȥЩνĶתһȦġһƬãԭҰϣħ˫֣˵ڣҾãѾûǸҪˡ
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258 ³һ
ңԶ׻½ϣһƬȺɽУżʮ޴ľʹЩǽȫľԭľɣһʮǿҵ𺳸С
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һȥѾߣͷϵ޾񷣬˵˷ˡңƺǿٶκβ
Ǹ𣿡һʮ꣬ʵ
ϸȥһ˫ƺҲǲɣȻ䣬ӦñҪöࡣ
ʮа˾š߿Ȼ˵ȥһ˵˷ˡ
᲻᣿ԵһĨɫ
ᣬţŬġŲƵϣ¶һĨЦ⣬Ȼ˵ǹ³ǡҲ̫ûˣ˳ȥ֪ͨĺӣ˵ǶŬ㣬ʮһεŴᣬʣҪ١һΣ³һɣ˲μӡ
Ҫʵ
΢΢ҡͷҪ̽أ
ЩͼеУüͷ
ߵһЦСˣ˵λˣͽܲǻ𣿡
˼ȥˡ
ЩˣҲȫۣңԶĲ񷷽򡣺ܶ˵У֮ɫ
ΨһĶ

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һʮصĵط
ʵҲأΪȥһʮƽСɽ塣
éݣҰͯ׷Ϸ
ƽǣСɽ巽Բ֮ڣû̡
ǡһڵء
ȸ½ϵЩɣҲû֪õġһȥȻͬһеСӡ
ħ˲䣬ԭͯϷСӣ˲䰲
Щ߰Сӣȫ̧ͷңԶա
Ȼʲôı飬ƺܿһʲô
ܶˣӸԵķ߳Լͬģ򱱷
˷ˡһӵ׳˵Ѿܶû˷ˣһΣ
˵һ˲õˡһȥʮŮӣһĻΨһ̾ģδʩ죬ȴͬ˿ǵļһ۵
˵ǸһƳ˹³ǵһʿһȥʮҵũòͨͬһĻЦе˵
ֻ³ǵʿδؾͱӵ˳˵
ũƺЩ߲㣬ܵСƨ
˷˸ۣЦҿǼûƤ
ѽط磬Ƥˣũֵܴüëһ
һ㣿ΪžͿţЦ
ûꣿ˼ôʮŮ
ߣطһתߡ
ߣҲһתߡ
Ƕ˳飬Ͽʲô飬ƺķϰˡ
ʱһһֱû˵СѾ׼һ£⼸չذɡ
ΪʲôŮӵɴһ˫ۣ̣˵Ҫҳȥ𣿡
ʮһεŴᣬҪʼˣһΣһȥμӡ˵
μǵĴ᣿˼𣿡СѾſ¶ֲмı飺ȥ۸ô
ΪԼ޵𣿡еͷȶһµأһŮӣΣ³һɣȥ
ΪʲôŮӻСѾƺȤҿȥɵСƨˣ
ݺݵһŮӣСѾ
СѾһֳֻһҺʵӣ˫תתȥ鶯ӣȴЩ
ҼסϣֻǿߡǸ˵ͽܣδرһתݣһ仰ûѧöǸʱ˼ҵ򡭡
ѽ̣С˼ңʱ˼ҾȥһȦСѾһ
б£ڹųҴţӷﴫţľžһϡ
һ˵ЦСѾȥˣ֧㣡
ţҲ֧ȥˣһȺһ塣
СѾЦŷ˸ۣȥȥʲô˲ãߣʱ̣һȥ
䣡
ΧһȺֵˣʱɢ
桪
һ³һУҲǽصĵط
츳ˣ˵ܴȫˡ
һģֻųˣȫں̵ܶʱڣ˼ߵľ磡
дգҲдԵ


259 
½½ϣΪຮ֮ء
ƬԱĴϣ⣬ÿֻж̶̵ůģʣµʱ䣬ȫں䵱С
⣬½ĸе⣬Ƭຮ֮ء
ˣʿ඼ǿʿ
ǼӲ˵³һĸԭ͵͵һ̶ȵɣĸ͵
ôһ⣡
½ƺʹûйĴ˵
ôǷʵڣܶ˶ֻ̬ȡ
Ĵ֮䣬໥϶Ǵϵġ
Ǵֿຮ֮أտޣǵϢȴ
˵Ϸ˰շֶͨ˶Ŀǣ
ˣһƵıɽۣ֮ħһ̣ܶ˶ɽĸĿϷңԶĲ񷷽
һ֮ЩȫԻȥ
ͷβһԲ
ûһ˷һ̾
Ȼ¼͵ɣʵ̾

½һĴ򰶱ߵżмֻ񷢳С
ؼ䣬һƬ͵Ϣ
⺣Լʮ⣬һͬԴȺɽУɵڵء
ȫ߳ݣУ𺳵һĻ
³һ⣬ˣȻܸӦ˷ǵľʵ̫Զˣħľ
ɿԣ
Ȼ֮ңħʱؼ󣬷߻ǿúġ
һʼϷӿƸѹеͬĩһ㡣
٣Ѿ̫ûгֹ־ˡ
һЩĵӣ֪پʲôӵģһΣڱ
šǷ𣿡ɵһŮ˵
Ϊʲôô죿ѵ˵˶ɽʧ𣿡ѩһվһ𣬿ѸپкܿɢȥĽƣһЩǵʵ
ӦòᣬԷ̫ǿ˲ͻ١ѩһﵣǵʲôһ˵
ʱҲ֮߳е¶ɫǸˡȷлҪǿ
ÿ׻ƳǣǸһмĶ˵ϣֻĸо
Լ÷ţһľ֮Ůʮľżľʿҫ⻷ĴȻһСƨӸˣƫƫã⵱ŭһ¡
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ò£Ҳ֪˭
ƺӦÿһˣԺټǸòСԺݺʰһ٣
֪ΪΣУȴֿĸоƺ֣Լһֱ飬ڱСһĲֵĸо
һֱ˼ҹ鷳ɴͷβ˼ûԼУЩգҲмʧ䡣ʵЩܹīλʦһεġ
Ͼּǿߣָһ䣬Ҳǳ
ûǸԵ˵һ䣬󣬿һԶһѩ¶ο֮ɫ
ѩŮԲ˵ҩһССͣʦ緶ھ粻ôȴгһգѩֻҪ̤һôֱҩշҲǲܣ
ĵģһ
ѾŮӣѩڿһﱾ֮󣬶˰֮ģŴԺһ׵ĵӡ
˵վҪΪµġ
û뵽һľϲԶ
ڷ˵ҩֱͻƵʯ֮󣬾ȻȫûܵҩͻƵӰ죬һʵɿĽţ
ʱ䣬ϤĽ̵֮£һһʵȻѾģеӽľĸо
ľϲ
˵ûһ꣬ӹϵ˵ʦͽദķʽȴͬá
˵ԽԽϲһ
ǰʱ䣬й³ǵ˵ףһһʼЩģڡ㲻ǳīǱߵķӦҲȫȥôˡ
һӣδȫ쾳磬ô׵ķųȥ
īǸСһӰ̫ˣ
һһ죬СĵһԥĸߣҽǸ׳һţ¶аʦѾҪҪҸᡭƺе㲻ãЩΥ˵ԭ򡣱ϾûҡˣʱȷһˣСӣǧҪսҵġ
³һɣĸ½֮۵ĶɣԶвͬķӦ
ͬ½ϵɣͬŸԵķӦ
ЩӦ³һȫͬȸ½ϡ
һǣǸСӵʦڷһֱڵһ죡û뵽ôͱҵˣ
ʱĳīѾص˾Ӫ


260 
ʱĳīѾص˾Ӫ
󹫼СȮȫھӪУī֣СȮʮֿĵĴȵĲųīȡ
󹫼ЩĿųīʵʦˣ
īͷЩĬ
󹫼ųīСӣҲҪѸ˼ˡսҲãսҲãʵӦ㳤ͣĵط
īЩĿŴ󹫼ôеĻ˵е㲻̫ϰأ
үǺĺİ㣡󹫼ŭ
ǲǡʲôϢˣīŴ󹫼Ŀдżֻɣжôɣֻ̫
ү˲ô󹫼һˣ̾˿ˣүˣԼսϵĳɡ
ͳܱǸɡ𣿡īһ۴󹫼˵˵ɣ㵽׵õʲôϢˣҴս
󹫼һ۳īߵСȮСһȥǻܣ㲻
СȮʱŴ󹫼гīߣҲôֻ̫
ˣʲôīһ۴󹫼лֱ˵
үȷ̽һϢ
󹫼Ҳû˵ϢԴī֪͵˵ľǴ󹫼ּһ˽⣬ҪԶʤԼ
½ÿʮ꣬һŴᡣʸμӵɣȫõ룬ִᣬһʢᣬͬʱҲһĴᡣ󹫼ͷϵĴһһģųī˵үҲȥʶΣͦĵġ
ī˴󹫼һۣû˵Ϊ֪϶ĵġ
󹫼ǵ˰죬ҲûīЩԹĿһ۳īͲ֪һ¼үһΪʲôļүעͲһ䣺ŴʲôȻһȵӣԵüүˮƽ
īһֿ׳յŴ󹫼ȻޱʵΪʲôŴʲôүˮƽ
󹫼̲ס˸ۣãǱɣȻүıŪȫˡ
˵ţ󹫼˵ŴĽʢᲿ֣ʵǱ˴˼佻һЩʱ򣬻һרŵļУڼүҲԲʲôöе˼ɣɳԼеӣ໥д衣󣬻ųǿߣ˵Ǿǿ˭Ѫǿ˭
Ȼ󣬻һͷϷ󹫼ųīЩһѡΪ񣬾רΪ׼ģ
ˣīŴ󹫼ˣ
䲻ʮ꣬һʵȫԽ˾ͬ˵ľ콾󹫼˵콾ĸֵʱдŵķ̣Ҫ񣬾ҪʵˡԼԵģǾҲԵ̨һĽʯ֣֮Ǿ͵Ŷ˰ɡС´󣡡
⵹óīЩ⡣
һ˵ᡣ󹫼˵飬˭˵׼أ㲻УЩɶĿأĸ½֮䣬໥ЩԹҲʵ˵ˣˣѪͷۣûûءҲôɣ
šīͷˡ
󹫼˵ֻЩүҿ϶ҲûȤһŴᣬ֮ǰģǲ̫һ
ʲôһīʵ
󹫼ĿһϵĳīЩĵһεŴᣬ³һɣĸɣҲμӣ
ţīЩĵǲǴ𣿡
ʱˡ󹫼˵үɽˣǻʲôɶŵģ
ī´һ۴󹫼дżֱӡ
󹫼Щŭĵ㿴ү
ûûСīһܣǲμӣһʲôԭɣ
󹫼Щ߷ߵĿһ۳īҲ֪ԼκβСӣһˣô˵ͱһצӸ˺ˡ
˽иط档󹫼˵ֵʱ¶ȵĹâСӲҪֻسˮʵ㣬ֻسأʵڹ浱Уԭ˽ûֻسصġ
˼˵طԭ˽磿īüʵ
˵СӷӦôô죿Ͳüүӣ󹫼һˬĿųī
īһ޹
󹫼ʱ˵棬˵Ǵһǣǵ֮սһǣֱҴ˿ռıݣ䵽˽硣ԣط˵˽磬ֵ̽Ѱĵط
桭ī΢΢üǵһ˵ֵط
ǵģأطһֱĴɰţ˸ȥ󹫼Щ߷߲ƽ˵֪ΪʲôһΣĴͻȻѶ½Ķɣ˵ҪμŴᡣңŴϣѡӵܣȥһͬ̽档ҳŵڹеõʲôĴֻҪɣġȫУ
Ҫɣīǳ˳飺ƾʲô


261 㣿
ʲôƾʲô󹫼ųīǰ׳ǵطĴɰصģĴɣκ˶ܽ룬˼ҷſˣֻɡܹô
īҲһȵĿŴ󹫼Ȼ
ޣ󹫼Ȼ׳īʲô˼Щ߳ŭĵһ۳īȻԴүԹΣû취УһΣүܿЩ쾳ȴڴ
īʵͬʱҲ΢΢һаĴɾȻһȺ쾳ĴţǸطȷЩŹ֡
󹫼ƵĵûǽƣطȻƹģ
䣿īֵĿŴ󹫼ʣͬҲǵһ˵
ǵģ˵ò٣Щ쾳϶һˣƫƫҪԼòȥʮҡ󹫼һ۳īʦ֪˼ǧˡŻʮꡣ
˵ʦīüһҪ
ûжʦص˼󹫼æͣСӷΪϣȫڳīϡ
īһ۴󹫼˵Ժʲô飬Ҫʦȥ
֪ˡ󹫼ڨڨĵͷȻ˵˵ò٣ȴ޷٣ν䣬֡Щĺܿ죬ʮͺܴˣЩĺҲڴϸǺѿģǿ֣һ۾ܿ
īͷʾԼˡ
󹫼˵ƹΪʮ꣬ʵЩ۸ˡ
ֲˡī˵һ䣬ΪոնԼʦĻ
󹫼˸ۣүĹ䣬Ѿƣû취ȥߣүҪû´ĻĴӦҲûڹռˣŹø˲ȥҲԼˣһܹɹǾ׬ˣ
īЦ˶ɵôõջĻʵ
󹫼һĿųīҡͷ˵̫ˣĴʲô˵ĴɾǸ߸ϵoǵĻǱصķּ˭Ĵǰۣ϶ĺѿңǵط֣κεĴָֻ޷С
Ϊʲô
ԭݼүжϣ˽֮ӦԳһ磬γһĿռ䣬ӵʶųռ롣󹫼˼˵ΪָʵҲһֿռ䡣
˵ţ󹫼̧ͷųī⣡ϵĲؼү²⣬ʮпܣųĲԣܽ뵽浱У㽫Ψһһ׵ˣСҲҪֵ̫ˣñ֪õ̫ණȻĻĴɿ϶㽻бҪġǻᷢϵĲҪ͵òʧˡ
󹫼Ҳ㾡ְ𣬸īʮϸĽ˹ڹ顣
󣬳īŴ󹫼ˣ˵ô࣬һʲôĿģ˵˵ɡ
ȥ߰ɡϵģ󹫼ûеһʱԼҪ󣬶дżʧ˵Ҫȥߡ
īɻĿŴ󹫼Ҳûоܾ֮ǰ˵Լڱչأ⼸ȥҲӦóȥ¶¶ˡ
󣬳īŴ󹫼СȮ߳Ӫ
һ·ϣ˿īȫһڳƳ¡
īλϸ˵ûйȺ󹤾ŵսʿǶþӦôƺīŶԡ˼ΣҲûЧīҲˡ
⣬ʵҲЩսʿǶǵһַʽ
УûǸʸأ
񿴼īһʱܹһ·Сܵīǰһ񣺡£ʲôʱжߡѾõͷϸ鱨ңͷǱߣƺҲЩʱܷǵĴڡ
īͷ죬ԻͷǱߡ𹥻
һ񣬴ãȥ׼˵ţֱӷȥ
󹫼ųī˰ɣһʺսϵˣСӡ㣬ʺϣ
īûзʲôŴ󹫼ߵһСɽϣһʯϡȻŴ󹫼ʲôҪ˵
󹫼ųīүԼĹȥӪֵطү̫ϲҸû˵ĵط
СȮʯʵʵſڳīߡ
󹫼һСȮСƹˣүܡɲ˭ġ
СȮ̧ͷмĿһ۴󹫼Ȼ˵ҲӡȻܵģԴ󹫼ʾų⡣
󹫼ҲôֻСƹųī˵ʦмʶϳ˼үݣү켦ȴף켦ζʲô
㣿īŴ󹫼ʵ


262 
Сӣүƴˣ󹫼ֱӷˣֱӳī
СȮһæһԣҷӡĿŽѾЩϰԼ˺ֻ֮ġԹ
һʼųæˣҲϰˡÿγī󹫼ʱСȮԶԶĹս
ÿһεĽ˰ǰѿµĵó󹫼Żצջȥ
仰˵ǰѵǾԴ򲻹ֻɶĴ󹫼ġ
һΡЩ⣡
ҿСӴѪˣôôͣ
ֻոͻƵѪѡðɣѪڣӦôǿ
ǲʲôֱ̼ĸСˣ
ϡҶүëүƴˣ
飡
һ󼦷ɡûй
һԿ֡
ī㽫ѹַй֣ʦȥӰ죬ν
ȴڿԼӰ쵽Լ
ʵϣѾӰ쵽ˣ
Һء
󹫼ʵҲǿīһֱѹͨһҵսóīʦȥѹ߳ҲСӶһЩսľ顣
󹫼ԼΪСһ˵ǲġ
ʱ֮˫֡
īǿʯ棬ϢһȻ˵˵
󹫼˸ۣ˵ûĵСҲ֪лһ¼ү
켦һ壬ѧ˵Уһ֣ӵиı죬˵үңԱκμү뵽飡Ҫǣ켦һ壬ӵв󹫼Щͷ켦һ㣬ս̫һʶƣôȴǵģǱɱˡ
ǱīЩȣ仰ûʲôζ
󹫼ҲûмƽϳīĻǵͷ˵Ժܶ˵Ǵ󲹡
⻰˵ĵҲûī̾˿١վ˵
󹫼ЩȻĵͷǰΪү켦һһֻ
ʲôīԾĿŴ󹫼˵켦һ壬Ҫˣ
Ȼ˸еˣǡ󹫼ųīǵġ
ôīҲɱЩĬȻվûʲôˡԴ󹫼˵ȴǻԵѡ
硭һǿʳĵطܳΪʳ켦һ壬ʼȵĴʡ󹫼У¶ֳԣүҪıһУһǿΪʱ뱻˳ԵֻԼǿȥıԼүҲѾ켦һһֻˣүҪΪһֻ켦һʷǰġս
ī㶣ЦȴûЦվĴ󹫼ļ򣺡ɹģ
̸ס󹫼̾Ϣүһֻţ±ǿ鷢֡꼦үһŵϿ컯֮㣬۵һ̶ȵʱ򣬲ԸıʣܻеԶѪ
켦һԶѪʲôīŴ󹫼Ƿ˰ɣ
ǷѪ󹫼УһֽĹâ⽾ΨԼ
İɣ˵棬ֻسˮǰɣʱȥŪһ˵īЦ˵ڤ桭ţһ죬ҲŪģ
󹫼ڰĿųī˵ʵ컯֮㣬磬Ҳûֳɹү֮ǰƭ㡭
ţֻسˮڤ滹īûŴ󹫼ʵ
ǹˣֻ󹫼ԥţ˵ڤ滹˵ֻҪҵڤӣͨһЩֶΣץǣȻҲѡֻسˮĴУȥΪմȾĪ
ī֣üͷ΢΢
󹫼˵ǰֻسءκεطζĲ꣬κ飬һ뵽ֻسڣֱӾͻᱻȥֻءǿƥ飬ҲӳҲѵһƤֵط˼ˣжԶԶƫƫģ컯֮棬ˮֻܹس̳컯֮ˡҲûмȻĻ컯֣֮ҲѾˡ
ԣ±ʷϵЩ컯֮㣬뿪ֻسˮܱץīŴ󹫼
󹫼ͷǵģǻֻسˮУүһٸҲȥץǡ
㻹ȥŪֻسˮī˴󹫼һۡ
֮û󹫼ǳīֻٻеģûһֱ
󹫼˵˭֪ߵһүʵҲû˵ѣϵĻ¯Ŀȡֻسˮֻǡûôס
īŴ󹫼ҡ
㡭Ҫң󹫼ĿЩ˸ųī񣬱Щӡ
Ȼ
Ϊʲô
ʲôΪʲôɵѽǲ𣿡ī˸ֻۣʱɵûΡ
ѡ󹫼ﹾţ˫Уƺˮ˸
Ҹ˵켦һǾʣ㲻ң󹫼ųīЩ
Ȼ밡СĢһ
Сӣүƴˣ˭ң


263 ҹϮ
ʵܻһ꼦үʱ򣬾ȥǶϧûȥ
ʲô
һ顭
飿
ǵģķˡѾʮϡˣ˵ѾӽķӡŮʵǴķѪ켦һ̽ڷ֣ڹʮа˾ţǴһġ
Ұҵ
˰ɣֶԵɡ󹫼ټ̾˿ȻųīүѾѰô꣬һֱҲûʲôϣǼүġܲǼүġ
ī룬ͷУ֪ˣһᾡѰҵģ
󹫼ųī΢ƺ˵ʲôվû˵ڡ
īǰĴ󹫼ļ򣺡߰ɣȥս

仢оڣݣüͷ
һıʿ˵ĵ֧󹤾ţ׻Ƴѫ֮󣬾ȻʧµûǴʱӦѾǽ뵽ǰߡǲ֪Ǿ׼Ŀ˭Ĳ²⣬ʮа˾š
ʲô仢ʵ
ǣıʿ˵
仢ԭϣø࣬ͷ˵˵ʱͻȻԷ޵ƥ򷢶ĻɲУ
ıʿĳ˼Уã˵Ǹսƶգƥ򡭡϶ҲµǴߡ
ϡ仢˵
ıʿͷţǡҪǲأ
ıʿţͻȻһĴȣЦơưǣ
仢ı飬Ҳܽ⿪ϣ˵ΪǴ룬һҪԴ𣿷ƥ򡭡һΣҵĻͷһᡭһ̵Ľѵ
ıʿ仢¶ο֮ɫ
ʿΪ֪
һܹʶԼĽ죬Ҳϧ
ʹ򣡡
ıʿ仢ˣͬȻӴЦ

ôͷǱʲôīУźʵ
ʱûʲôƺһءЦ˵ڵĴ롭ʲô
ī΢΢ü˵ҾáЩԾ
ԾЦ˵Щ˰ɣ仢ȻһԱͽǴڵҲĺܣʲôڣ
˵˵ţȻ΢΢üͷ෴һҰģͬҲһ꽫졣
Щ飬һʱķӦԶ򡣾ī֮󣬺Ҳͬ۾˰죬Ȼųīͬĵʹ򣡡

ҹ
ͷѾϨ˵ƻĴӪͻȻ䣬ƻͨлͷʿףжӳУ˵Ķ飬ɭϣ˿׵Ħ΢ĽŲȻûаϢ
仢һƥͷϣһɫףһһųǹɭ䣬ѾжӵĻͷ
Ҫȥ͵Ϯ޵еĴӪ
졭ҪΪɽǣѩޣ
֪ǵУҲп־壬ҲãǣҪǣǻͷث֣
עֵҪϣڼɽЩʱģ
ǡ𣿡
仢˻ҹգԶصܡ
ĻͷûдΪ¾˴ĵĳ
ȴĽеıоָҹգ
ӳ£ǱУ䡣
ɱ仢һȣ˫һããҹɫУȳȥ

仢ϣǿһ
ΪҪ͵ϮͱҪѸ٣ҪĵľӣһѸײڶĴ
ڵϣһƬأƺЩ΢
仢Ӫ˹ĳī΢΢漴ڵһᡣɫصվźˡǾȻҲѡ˽͵Ϯ
۵ӣǧ͵Ϯ仢ĴӪǧȥӱ󹥻仢
ī΢˼һ£ǧˣǧˣ仢Ӫʣµˡ٣
ߵһϣǧ̫ˡ˵һǧ
ǧǧҪˣīź
ֻõͷ
īͷãһսֻʤܣֵǡŻүүĴӪþƺòˣǣ
īͺ֪һսҪ˫˴˼䣬ûʱ໥Ԯ
ɹʡ
ЦãΣʶǿ󹤾ŵ
˵䣬Ľ죬Ѿ˶顣
˫ڴˣֵ
īǧ󹤾ŵսʿ仢֧˵ֱ׷ɱȥ

ߵľӪɽǰһӡ
ĩĳδ÷꼾ڣӵĺˮֻϥô
ʯͷҲ࣬ǼӲɳ׶սĻգۼɶɺӡ
ĵΣ仢ĳѾܶΣӵ¼ʮ֮ڣȫ鿴ûκ⡣
ˣ仢УʮƶԼһ͵Ϯʤ


264 ϵ
ߵľӪֱ仢嵽ӱߣȻǾĵģ
仢Уųâ̲סЦ޵ƥ򣬿ܣ
áϮ
еˣ
ͷǻͷ仢͵Ϯˣ


޵ߵĴӪʱһҡ
ҹɫ仢ߵˣһٶɵĺӰܹǱߺܶӰҵȥĳ
޵ƥ벻仢үеҹϮ͵Ӫɣ仢ϣЦǣɱһҲŹ
໣
˺ܶ죬ʱڽһ³йƵĿ
仢һȣҪҪɺԵСӣȥ
Сģ̽·ʮ򣬵ʱȻСĽı֣仢ǰɺӡ
žણ
žણ
ýսʮ׵ľͬϪˮĺ嵽˶԰Ȼ仢һȫơ
仢һЦгһӣϣ
䣡
죬е룬ʼɺӡ
ӡȻûκ⣡
ɱѽ
ɱȺĹΪɽȥ󱨳𣡡
ɱ
һʱ䣬ɱ죡
ߣһƬĴӪƺøӻңûγκЧĵֿһЩ˵նɱ
ľӪҽ
һ࣬ʱѾɹɺӣͬͻǣŴľӪȥ
һȳ仢ȴͻȻоһ˿ζ
ߵľӪУˡ٣һޱȣܶûü·ʹֱܳӱߵնɱ
Ƿ޵µľӣ
˵Է޵еľôɾ裬ںӶ԰ҲӦòһЩڱ
ˣڱ仢Ȼһ£ԼеĲԤΪʲôˣ
һ·ֱײбһŭ𣬸ûü̫ࡣ
ڲͻȻ뵽һ·ϣȻһĵĳڱû֣
ӦóһһӶھд̵ľϣ
޵пɲʲôбˣֱڽǸλϣǴһСһߵġ
仢רо޵еƽģǣϸǣ
һˡᱻ仢׾ٵ͵Ӫɹ
ʱߵȫɱޱʹ졣ǵȺû˯ѵʿȫûκη¾
ûһĵֿ
ʱҹУȻһͬȺ
仢͵Ĵһ£һáˣ
ಡಣ
֧ǵأ޲
ϰУܶɱʹ죬ûŪʲôֱӱ䴩Դؿڡϵ䡣
޵ƥ򡭡㾹ȻԼʿ㣬㻹𣿡仢һѪû³ոշӦ죬ս䣬Ȼ֮¡İֱӱһ
ɽ֮ϣһĵǴĵܴսŻȥͻСˣܵõһʸ飬Ǵûɹ𣿡
Ȼۣ仢̲סһѪŭƥ޳ܣ
ӣսɽżֳ䣡
ಡ
ؼ䣬ٴʸƿյ
ļγɼ꣬Ӹ£ٴͷ
̴̫ףҪ׼
仢гں޺Ͳʣˡ
ʱѾһǧ˶ɺӳɹһˣѾ뵽ľӪСҪڶʱڳ̸ף
ͷһ֧ѵؾľӣ֮ʣҲûΪɾǳ˵ٶȡȻȲϲļ
̶̼䣬Ѿǧ໢ͷ
˵ġǸǲǧˣ
ǵһɵģΪʱĻͷʿһûС
˽ּ꣬ҲȡƣסҪ
ҪױҲܡ
ʱ򣬶ɽ֮ϣһ
һɱȻĲֳֳǹγɾ޴ķֱžӪѹȹ
仢ޱȺ䣬֪һսԼܵ÷ǳס̲סŭ޵Сô㵽ҽ͵Ӫģ
СޣҼҽү㣬һƨɣʲôʺǶ֪

ǰСޣȥԼ̣
ƨүЩӣһֱôģھӪϾͳǣ
Ϊ˲ˡүǵûа׷ѣ
ɽϣһȺߵĽ죬ԴǴ׵ĵϷ仢
Ȼ仢ɫ࣬ȴҲףԼ
Ȼϵ
޵СĳˣɽģˮǺڣ仢ʧȥ󽫷ȣǣһƥ׼˳γɵĺΧ
ʱںӰǱߣûüɺӵǧͷУһɧҡ
ˡ˴Ӻˣ


265 ܻ
дߵĻͷ죬ŭš仢Ѷ
仢һøĺƥ򡭡ҪǳҾͲšôõθڣ
仢Ŀ䣬ȵıֱͣӳɱȥҪΧУʮСӣΪս
ǣ
ΧͷȻľݣû̫ҡ
ⲻ֪ɽϵķ޵УҲ΢΢һңǱвã
Եһüͷ¶֮ɫڶ԰ûвð
һһıʿʮƶ˵ǱûвãΪ˲ݾߣӶûж
ʱ飬һˮӣȵߵĻͷˣˮӷſǡ
ܿ챻ˣΪǱߵĳ򡭡Ҳǰ׸ģһǵĶ϶ϵ
޵۾૵ǵˣ˭
ߵˣҲ׷ҡͷȫһ⡣
޵гߵĻͷ˲Ǳߵ˭
ǣ
ʱ˫Ѿչ˶̱ӣɱ𣬻صҹյС
Ǳ߳īǧ󹤾ŵսʿһ棬ͽûüɺӵǧͷɱˣ
󹤾߶ʲôսʿһκβӣٶСӳǸġڿ󹤾ֻͨսʿ
һȺڿĿ󹤣
һȺˣ۵һս˸еս
īһȣе߱첻ϻӳջءһ˵ո
Ƭ֮䣬ߵŶӾͳš
ôǿӲôηҲûȫûеֿ̰
ʱǱɽϣһȣʶѾһ֧
н󹤾ţǵĽǳ£
һɤӣڼս˫ͣôһ˲
󹤾ţ

һش𣬶˫飬ͬ
ߵĻͷţ֣ȫоһɾļ䡣
󹤾šɴɽ֧ӣǸף
˭벻һ֧ŷɥľӣȻȻط
仢УҲ¶־֮ɫɱɱȥ
ߵսʿȫ
ǲ󹤾һ֧ľӣǺҲ
Ͻӣ
Ǻӻأ
ǰЩ궼ǾӪܳʱ䣬ҺϲǸӣ
û뵽СƨҲСƨȻӵ˳ɾͣΪе
š˲ϣ
Ǵߣʱ֪ī¼֮ķӦ
ǿų꣬ſ󹤾֧ľˣ
ϲãдߵˣȫҪַˣ
УĵģĪүӷ޵ˡ
ԴһμīѾһûټڳīϢȴǲڶүӵĶ䶼ĥˡ
Сô𣿡˵֮ʣү˵һ仰ÿ˵ʱүӶ̲סֽ֣Цݣ˶ܿ
үүīڴˣ
ųīһȣһ֧ӵݣ̽
Сӣүǵһβս޵˷ܵɽ´
īЦãǿ˭ֻ
ãȾƣүӵΣڿն
ûüס
һȺһȥˣǻôסɴ࡭һϰɣ
һսȫûκ
һҪ͵Ϯһ׼ƾͼơ
޵ߣԭڱϣԶԶʤͷߣ˵仢ûдȫ˹
ˣӲ˰˽ӣֱȥ
ټϳīĿ󹤾ţǾӢȫһ㣬ֱƴ
ǿ󣬾ǿ֮󡭡ƴ
ľӣ˭£
˵ڶԭˮĺӣѾһѪӡ
ʬ壬Ӹ
Ĵ뻢ͷֱսġһǧˡ
ʣǧˣҲֻм˳ɹߣģ
ΨһЩźǣ仢ҹɫˡ
óī޵үҪܻԸա
һսǴĺ죡
ʱүӷ޵еϣմѪгī˺һᡣүүûˣѪȫǵ˵ġ
˫һү棬ӶЦ
ʱ򣬳ī˵󹤾Żһ֣ȥ͵Ϯ˻ͷĴӪûĻ˿̡սҲӦýˣ
޵΢΢һųī󹤾šһҲһ˰ɣȺǧ仢ˣľӣٻʣˡǱǧˡ͸ȥ͵Ϯ
īЦүүĺˣǣ


266 ʤ
޵Եһڽ죬ȫ¶Щ𾪵ı飬ųī
ǧ˵Ķ顭һʮȻģ
޵пųīдżο˵󹤾šǴΪһ֧飬ҶǡҲģӦȥӦһǣ
īͷˣ
˵ţŷ޵һʶĽ챧ȭλ岮Ҵһ׼þƲˣСֶһ칦
ٴһ֧񲿶ӣȷӦ칦
޵ҲԸһīһȥӦǱߡ
ųīʱȥ޵һıʿ̲ס˵ųĺӣͻȻľôĳɾͣο
ǰ⺢ӴСչֳ˺ܶ಻֮û뵽ȻߵһиһϽ˵
޵°ϵĺ룬һҪЦһ仨Щĵǣ

仢żˣޱȲֻʵӳΧʱɫѾ
ȥ仢Уˮ¡
һԱͽһҹսȻֻʣ⼸ˡ
ϢȺм䡣
仢߸ŵ⼸ˣÿϣŲˡмѾſϣֱ˿ѪѾᣬȥĿġ
Բ𡭡仢вʺѪ˿Ѿѵ촽΢΢һ£˵ɰͰ͵ģޱ˻ơ
ⲻܹǾˣ
ǰǡˣ
һȺĸ£ȫ̲סᡣ
ǻȥɣǻ
ġǻлᶫɽ𣡡
һֱ
Žͬ
仢Ⱥĸʵллǡǻȥȥ
˵ţԶһɱ
仢ɫȻһ䡣
⼸˵ɫҲȫˣ
˵ʲô仢ƴԦſµսĴӪ
ڣھ뻹ʣʮʱ仢⼸ĸ¿ԼĴӪڶһŨ̡
ԼҲЩ˻ɱͲҽ
仢ֻ³һоǰһڣһΣֱӴˤ

ôˣ
ѣ

һۣ仢ʵİͷȫû
һֻʣһǧˣ仢Ĵ£Ǳߡ
ǧ󹤾ţһޱƯĴʤ̣
ֻ˲һ£ƻͷӪ
һζָսĴʤĹеһǣȽȽ
칦ϣ޵Ͻߣһڽ죬ԺҲƳ硣
󹤾ŵսʿȫľ񣬵ⳡսܹ˴ʤָӣȻ벻ϵġ
ȴ˺ܶ꣬ڵȵһ졣
ʱлˣǳī
ܹһֱŵ£սһƣߵīߣЩп˵
īЦЦ룬ⳡսָѾõ˳ֵϿɣƺܿ졭ͻ
Щȡ
ī΢Цź񣺡Ȼ󹤾ţվǴǿһ֧ӣҪԼС
Լ΢΢һüңųīƺ뵽ʲôʱЩ΢΢ſڣƺҪ˵Щʲô
īЦһ֣ǵ칦磬̸Һ֡ʵұˣǺϲһֱҪģҡ
Ĭһᣬ΢΢ͷ˵ʵд־ˣֻ־򣬲ҵȷܹȥӴġ
īЦҡͷÿ˵׷ͬ·δؾô˳
ƱҾһף³ɣ
˴ˣīƱһ
һ칦磬ڽա
ҹڷ޵еĴڣīүүڵһ
ܻкܶҪҳīúģҲ֪˼үѾһûˣҪ˵Щ֪Ļ
ʦˡī飬Щ䣺ھеӣҲˡû´ĻɽԪʯ飬ӦÿҪˡڲ֪жɵˣҪҵҡ
ʦˣ޵пųī¶֮ɫ֮ǰоЩ쳣û뵽Ȼڶɽ١
ţ٣ʦ˵ʲôī΢΢һЦʦӦѾصɽˣ
ɽ磿޵΢΢üϽԸĵطûʲô˽⡣
īʮĵĸүү硢ɽһЩ顣Ȼ֪Ҳ࣬ЩҲѾ㹻÷޵иеˡ
С˵ˡ죬벻죬Ȼһʵ޵Щ˵үүⱲӣûȥľɫˣ
īм˸У˵ʵүүĻҲδؾûлᡣ
޵һĿųī⺢ӣȻܾǿʵĺܡ


267 ү̸
ӵʺ㣬ңҲҪʲô飬ô׷ϡôĽ֣ȥɣʲôȥүүһֱ֧ġ޵пųī˵õүүүүõĺܣ˴ĹͣүүҲմ⣬ģ˭߿Ϸһۣ
īǰѾЩ̬үү΢΢һᣬ˵ֻߵˣܻĸһ㡣
Ѿܺˣ޵վߵīǰĳīļ򣺡үүⱲӣĳɾͣôһӡⳡ̣ǴıʤɵĲ롭ҲһǱʤģΪǴĵıͬҲɵ֧֣
޵н˵ңЩɣҲ̫ΪΪմȾ̫׵飬Լûκκôң˵ɷɡŻ˵ҪӻǴģ
ī̲סЦүүҷųļϢ
ʲô޵һĿųī
ī˵ġ
үӽһԼ߸ɵĸԨԴүĿɿڴ벻ԼӾȻ˵ֵĶɶϷˣ
Ͳ鷳޵еУ¶ֵ֮ɫȻүվô;飬Զǳīܱȵġ
ڰʭӶ˲ҧծ˲īЦҲһˡҶǸŮ˵˽⣬ֽŮˣӦǲмȥʲôġһĵڶһ㱣֮ĸšҲٺܶࡣ
޵̾ϢǽеìܡȫԼϣӹҵĽǶȿǣȻãɴӸ˽Ƕȿǡүү㵣̫ķա
һһӴ˽Ͻ˵ֻҲǵ˼¡
īЦİүүһᱣԼģҶԴҲи飬ô˵ⶼҵϣܺã˵ˡϻһء
ǰ϶ǼңҲ㲻ˣֻǡģⲻ˵Ҳν顣޵пųī˵Щһȷʦȥһٴ㣬ʲôûУ
Ӳ϶ǲеģҹƣһΣҵˣٶľϵļˣЩˣڿ϶Ƕ֡īЦ˵ţȴûж֮ɫ
ǰּǿߣһˣһսʤˡ޵̾ϢȥЩɣ֮ĹϵǺСģ⼸Ĺˡ
ЩҪ棬ʵҲȫ벻סīţһ죬ϵɣ뵽׵УͬʱҲҪ׵ĸֹء
̫ˡ޵̾Ϣ
ԣһŬīүүһսȫʤүүӦҲԻý˰ɣ
޵˵Ҳ̫Щ顣
һЩҩүүīŷ޵УΣּ׻ƳǵĻҪܾȥչ꣬һ磬ٿľʱԪʵ߱ҲͿԷˡ
ϡֵҩԲͶ񣿡үЩš
̸ϲͶ񣬵ҩơīЦ˵˵ʳһ̳þƣʳ϶൱࣬԰ɣ
޵еͷƣٻһЩ
ҩҲˣҩҩĵľī˵үүЩĻۣҲѾ㹻Щҩ֮󣬿Ѹͻһıݡ
޵οĿųīͻȻ뵽ʲô˵˵ϻּһضǣΪʲô
ī˵үүأүүҪ׻ƳǣҹƣҡҲܿᱻֱлȥȻ󡭡һʢķʽսүˡӦûʲôϵˡ
޵лȻ򣺡Ҷˡⳡ̣ҪǼүȥĻ»ĻеˡߣǺ£̫ߡͲǺˡ
үү⣿īʵ
ʲôģãҲˣڱ߽ô꣬Ҳûȥ帣ˡҪһȥ١ҲҪҸ½ɣүЦ˵ȫȻû̫ϡ
ֻóīипүӵ̫ḻˣѾϰ˸־
⣬ҲԼӦѧĶ
īȻûв´ȫ߻ͷսĹ׻ƳǲãǱ߾ʹʥּ
ȫ߻ͷһ֮ĵڶʮ졣
еʥּүӷ޵кͳī׻ƳǵȺ͡
ͬʱҲ˴үӵĽ
үüҲóīв˼ᷳ
ҲԻϡ
ΪˣȻ֮ǰȥ߾ӡĺ
ʱϷʮ겻׻Ƴǣոչȥ£ȻֱӽĺһǽүӣΪߵ
үյЩϲȻû˵ʲôīȴóЩˣĺĵȫĴ治
ҲͬϲλͬΪ佫ӣ


268 ּ
ĺųīϴʤЦݣڳī˵ô¡ĸоɣ
һ٬ĺī΢΢üû˵
ߣ㺦Ҵäˣñ𷣣ȥຮ֮µī棡ĺ¶Ƶ֮ɫһ죬õӦģޣ
˵𣿡īһĺ˵
˵ôĺЦ
˵˾͹ī˵
㡭ĺû뵽īȻڸѿɫ÷ס
ڱȷ˲ٿ࣬жԳīʹޣѾﵽһ̶ȡ
ȻǰʵּϣȷдŲҪǳīҪĽ޵еľȨӹܹȻҪ£ƿס档͵ʤˣ
Ϊժӵģ
һ֧ʤ֮ʦ˭뵣Σ
ֻϧĺվûѹסԼеĺ⡣
īľ̲סķڡ
̫Ϲ飬׹ڳī
Ϊǳī̫ӸһĻϴĻҲǸ񶾵ǡ
̫Ӹ۾ôϹ
ĺ۲ͬӢķĵأҲþȫ֧֡
Ʊã̫ӸˣȻûʲôùСһ𳤴ֵܣ
̫ӡ糹׷ϵһľ޴裬϶Ҫڳϣ÷һСǳīǸɵģĺк죬һ˫ޱԹĿųī
޵һԣĿĺͬʱСҲһƬ䡣
û뵽ܶ飬Ӹ˵ˡ
ϹȻʼҪеıȨˣû뵽ϵĶô졭ôݡ
īĺ˵ӣúĻӣȥ㲻Ӧǵ顣ժӡҪժӵ̬ȣһ㣬û
Ǳǰּ̫ǳ鴤ţƤֱ
֮ǰϾһҪĺͬʱҲҪעīһīֲôǷּ
ԣּ̫Ŀ״ʹĺǸ׳յͬʱԥȡּˡīΪһʮ棬ʮ桭ɴ
ĺɫһƬ࣬ĿīУ졣
īƽĿĺȻĿͶǰּ̫ࡣ
̫࣬īҲʶǹ̫ߵţҲǻϵĸ
ʱ˿̣̫࿴ųīĿУżǸͲ
۲Ŵ֮ˣĿⶾ۹ⳤԶؽȡУ֮ѡ
ʱ䣬֪ĴǸϢ˵ҵһСǷɵӣҷɻһֱӴġ
һʼϻЩ֣ʵµǳīɵģ֮࣬Ҳеʮֲ
ôǸŮСӣ棬˵Щ
Լȥ̫Ӣһ˫۾
£˻ʣҹѣȻͷ󺹡
Ϣܳһʱ䣬ǱߡȻûκεķӦ
ͬʱǱߣ֮ǰŻΪƮ칬У׻ƳȻ󲨵һΪŵӣʽɣ
£ûϵ˼ֿʼоǱߡƺĬţ
ôЩɶԴĵв͵ǽˣ
ЩԭЩɣʵҲûĴ
ϣмɣҸԣ
󣬻ϱ˼˸εĶ
īôǱȫģеĳޣȫԼˡ
ȻʮָжͬʱҲоīˡʵ̫Σˣ
³īʲôԴĲȴ³īǣġ
ɿԱӻģȴδػӻī
֪īԷɵĲģ
ͬʱ·ȻĬˣʼٸ߳ī϶Ĵ治
ˣī֮䣬ϵá
ôǷҪīأ
ʵǺݹģҲ顣
ؼʱ̣Ӷɱʲô飬ǲģ
ǳīʦѾȥ
ϢѾ½Ϊĵû֪顣
ôĳīʵѾһž޴ǣ
֮ǰЩɣȫûŹīߡȴзɵıӻ
һ
īھеԽԽߡ
ûʲô˹עʤīϽ޵ھеѾﵽûϸеΣĵز
һ϶Ǵơ
ǿ󹤾š֧ΪҲΪǿľӣ䵽īеģ
ȻĻƾһ֧飬̫顣
ųīƷɳīھмθߡ
ԻϵЩǣͨҲ޻˵ΪϵĵǣʵġֻǡԴīȴƺЩƽ
ǰĺȥӹܷ޵ľӡһֲΡ
īǷзҲûףˣŸ˴ּ̫һּ
ǺǡīЦˡ


269 Ѻ
ЦУżΣẓַ̇ż֡ġ
īŴּ̫࣬ʵ
ĺּϵݣͬ𺳵Щ˵ųīʱһЦΪһʮ棬ʮ桭ɴַͣЩӣҲò㻹ʲôģ
ĺ⻰ǶЩˣīû˵⣬Ȼ˶óīϾû׿˵ǣ
޵һԣ䣬Ͻһӣ鹢ֱκϲҴšⲻʣʲôĻδһСһ֮λ
͹ֱĽˣɵ죬мܹΪһ½ģ
λӣ޵һֱʮֲϲĺԼӶ֮Ͻжλӵֱۣӵ˹ȵס
ĺĻ޵̲סѹסеŭ𣺡īõķͣԼľ׬ģһ޽ĻӣʲôʸᲢۣ㡭ʲô
ĺӢʱһƬ࣬Щϣŭŷ޵УҸ˵
ž
һ졣
ĺ˺ݺһ⡣
īվĺǰɭĿĺ㣬ֻһӣûһ£Ƕһ̧٣ҪԼݡǰ㻹ûпԴʸ񡣡
ĺīһ˵ŭգҪԵһıʿæס¡Ϣŭ
ĺؿڣţĿĿųīãȻЦôأҲãҲայʤߣȴңīͰĵĳȥˣ
ĺеɵ⣬ЦųīȻ˵£վļҵģ
ⷬ޵ߵĸ߼Լ󹤾ߵĽ죬ȫڶСĺĿ⣬ȫʮᷳ
ųīһ֣ӣĩףǰƽĩ߻о񣬾Ͳȥͱˣĩиˣ
󹤾ߣīˣ֧ӣֱڻϣ˸޷Ⱦָ
ˣⷬٶǳųīԳīֻижʵڲ뿴ĺųҪֱȥ
ȵȡĺһЦȻ˵󹤾ߣҪʱҵľӣԴչ
ʲô񵱼üһĺ
ĺƵĴӻȡһּݸ񣬵˵Ǹʵּ˵ţʾһĿһ۳ī
ּҲУ
īûʲôӦ󹤾ţԭҲġͿ󹤾ŵڽʿȻжǵУڴģڻҵġ
ȴЩˣ
ոշ޵Ͻ˵һ繦δĻӣʲôʸھ׿Ľʿǰҫڻʼңĺȴ˻ʼң
ʲô
ʵĺҲûӵˣʼңСĻʼҽô˵
ʵǺ޼˳īκ飬ֻҪϵīץĸо
ۼźһڿ󹤾ŵĽʿȫʮسīеŭҲڵܡ
ӹּ֮һۣȻɫѿĵ֪ˣȵʲôʱ֪ͨҰɣ
˵ţֱսųīͷ޵һȭȥ
߷޵µһڽʿҲȫ޵иȻȥ
ֻʣ³ī޵УǸּ̫࣬Լĺļĸ¡
СȮڳīĿڴ˯󹫼֪ﵽȥˣҵīīҲġ
ߵĽ죬Լ󹤾Щ죬ôĺϵı飬൱ѿԼȻ൱ġ
ΪֻҪЩ㹻棬ôǺܿͻתͶ£ĺЦţȻųīͷ޵Уһưĵλ߲ͣ
޵лĿԲΪһþɳԹо޴׵ϽĲĺ̬ȡ
īȴһѷ޵У߰үү˵ˣҲˣҪȥϵġ
޵̾Ϣһ˲ʮ꣬ͷã߰ɣ
ḷ́¶ޱȵ顣
һĻּ̫࣬Щۣȴʲô˵ֻа񾡹أ롭ȻȥǸ˷޵кͳīĽͣʵϣֺγһַʽжĥɱ¿أ
£ҲΪīʵ̫ǿˣǿ󵽻ʼҶʮּɵȻĻЩ͡¶Сܻɱ֮
Ϊߵĺˣ飬ǼòҪ̫ࡣ
޵һľӪ΢΢ҡҡͷߣ
īȴЦүү֣ûϵġ
ЦУѺۡ


270 үӵ
ڵ·ţīͷ޵ڳ˵ϣûжʧ֮ɫƽ
СȮſڳīĽűߴ˯޵пֻƯСЦ˵ŪֻС
ֻСɲͨīЦ˵ӦһֻŽԪޣ
޵жʱһųīģ
īЦӦġ
˵ţīСȮľ޵˵һ顣
޵ЩĵҪ˵˭뵽һֻͨСȻôͷ˵ţү̧ͷųīδʲô㣿
īүӣأ
޵̾һ˵һӣھУӦҪˣӹٽӦö⡣ЩʵҲүүҪĶһʱ䣬еãȻ
үү뿪ģȥĵط𣿡īʵ
ʲô˼޵пųīķأ
šīͷ
Ǹ޵пųī˵֮ǰȻ˵ĴĳأһʱһʱڣķһƬʲôȥػϡûһһ䡣
үӿųī̾ǡ췴
ҼȻΪӵԼķأôΪʲôԼбأīЦЦ˵гʽдƬҪб⡣ֻǣһ죬뿪磬үүϲǾˡ
޵΢΢˫Ŀ˼һᣬȻۣųī˵үүһӵ̣˵ʵһֱûʲôҰġֻᣬǳһ£Ҳδɡ
ī΢΢ۣŷ޵Сһθүүô̸۹δ飬û뵽үүȻִ
޵Щ˼ЦЦ˵ʵүүЩ꣬ʶһŮˡ
īŵϴЩ˼Ŀŷ޵С
ʵ޵ҲûжϣȥҲʮҡ˳ī׼ĵҩͻƵĻôľʱ򣬱ֵʮҵòҲѡ
ֻǳīЩûмүүĸŮ˶Ĺ
СʱʹүӣԼΪʲôûһ̡ʱүһ٣īҲˡ
һֱ죬үȴ̸Լĸ⣬īܲԾ
ԭүүţⱲӡôȥˣүү㡣޵̾һҪ뿪ģүү֪㲻ֻһֱãչ¶֮ôšҲҪҰ֮󡣵û뵽ô졭
үүīЩ˸С
޵̧֣ĳīļ򣺡Ǻ£ģүүΪеԺүү֧㣡
īͷů
޵˵߰ǰڱ߾ϣȹһŮӣǴˡ
īɴ۾үүа֮Ȼ
޵бī񿴵Щ˼һۣҪҪ
ҪҪҺīͷСס
ǾͱŪǳԾӣүӺǳһ䣬ôƺΪԼĺҽڡ
ţáīʱԼһ㡣
үӵһۣ˵ȻⱲӶڱ߾ϣӴΪУԴƽգȴ޶СͨͨˣҲûʲô¡
īͷ
үӽ˵ǸŮӣһ̶ӵ䣬ʱ⵽Ǳǿ׷ɱ̶ӱֱӴɢ˳һЩ׷ɱɱϣЩǿܣ
Ӣ۾үүôû˵ī̲סһ̾˵
ʲôӢ۾飬ôԹۣүӵһۣ˵ǸƯĹҲܰȥӪڸһЩ̲֮󣬾˼ĸ˴롣
үүƯī̲ס˵ǹһүүİǰɣ
һΣүû̾ϢүүһӣûʲôΥɵ飬£ȷΥ˾ġҵǼĸΪҴ˲鱨ҵ棬ҲһЩ
ҲСīǳ鴤
жң¾Ӫ֮󣬾͵͵ЩǮҡү̾ϢֻǷ˼Ҳҽܰ䣬Сʮ꣡ʱһʮĴ
ʵаīǺЦҲ󣡡
˵ţīŷ޵УʲôүүͷľȥҲʮ꣬ԪӺܶ࣬ٶ겻⣬ڰĺأ
޵еǳ˳飬Сȴ¶⶯֮ɫ


271 ɵ
Ȼү֮Զģһ棬Ϊī뿪磻һ桭ֺγΪԪϰꣿ
ʵʵУ֮䣬Ѫ𣡡Ѿ˵үҲͲٺߣ˵ļ壬룬Ƕš˲żüãƸˣϧһ˻ңһڣšʱСĸӳļˣޡȴ
ԭˣڡīʵ
׻Ƴǡүӵ˵
ʲôīһԾĿүӣǾҵĳ鴤ţ֪˵ʲôźá
үͨĽ͡
ʲôû밡īһ˵
ɽһۣɥʧ˵һսô붼ûκϣˡǱߣ϶䣬ǿʼ̻ᣬڴҲСҲڱķΧ֮ڡԴҺ֮ǣôܸṩǮǸɴ࡭ȫļҵȻǱ뵽׻Ƴǡү̾Ϣ׻Ƴǣвֻ֣ߡһֱָܽ顣ΣƺһˣҲЩû취һֱ֪Ӧô˵
ʲô˵ģ˵㡭īЦе˵Ҿúܺð
ľúܺã޵ЩŵĿųī૵һһС塭
ǸðīЦһ޵£
޵Щ𺳵Ŀųī
īһ˵ҵүүһֱǣԶǣ޺󡭡ƽ˵ΪҵĴڣ¡
ǡһֱھСүӱ⡣
үүھеĽˣһӲȢ޵ġûмīŷ޵УЩĵʵһֱ֪үүҾܵ䣬ҾԼǶˡŲ̸顣
޵пųīҲ
īүү֣˵ԣ£Ǵֵ֧ģʱһҪҼ̡үүѰѹأ
Сү̲סһ³īԴЦУȴǳжοеҵīˣ
Ȼͺðˡī˸ŹâΪδС塭ҲһҪ磬үүһݴĲҵ
ī޵пųīЩ
һӶ׸˹׸˾еүӣûԼˣȻҲһ죬ңǿԼӡ
ûүүѾˡԣΪүүʲô飬ҶĸԸģī΢΢ЦЦңĺ£ʱ䣬ĵϢˣ
үӵϣ¶ĵЦݡ
ī̬ȣ˵ӵģ
˵ī΢¶һĲԸôүɸǸĵŮӣҲ̸¡
ǻصģȿϵ̬ȣϾ׻ƳǾסôĳУ͸ǵļһ򲻵ѣҲ뿪ī˵һ뿪ζţġ֮ж飬ȫʹսᡣ
ϵĲ̫أң£վǻʼҵģ־ʵҲ˵Ǵˡүֻ̾˵Щ̫ļˣүү֪㲻ˡ
īͷ˵ԸϱҳΪˣ

Ĺ׻ƳС
һͬһľˣ׻ƳǵĽͷһ棬Խϵ˸ֻ𾪡η塢Ŀ⣬Ӷ
ߴɵﹾţӵļأЩˡ
ߴɵʵЩ̫˸е𺳣ˣǻʱ׻ƳǼʹ˹Ϣ
˵𣿳һˣǳ£
һߡţĸ첲ҵ֣
ҿһˣˣоһȭܰԴ飡
Ҳܿ͵õϢü΢΢һӸ˵һˣǰͶӦþɣҵøϽȥֳʲôӣȹӻûˡ
ͬʱ׻Ƴгһ˵ϢҲ˻ʹС
ϵõϢ֮󣬶ʱ۾һ˵Īǲԭˣ׻Ƴǣ
̫ڻǰ˵ӵʱڲԭϵʱ򣬾ոһˣڲԭŮոսУ൱Ĺס
˵ҳīģ΢΢ü
̫ͷūáʮа˾
ϵüͷϵı飬øϾͻȻʵ˵īʲô


272 
ϵģ˵ϲˣҲԲǿĵ
̫΢΢һϻһʱľߺ;ٶףӦǾóīϵΣգҪĹˡ
ӻϵĽǶȥǣƺȷ
ڳīˣôĽøӰȫã
ɽǱߵԪʯѾûˣ£ϲ˵棬ȴЩʹġ
ʵȿǵģԶԼ档
ֻǻ˵ʲôֻǸ˸оܱˡ
ǰһ̻ڡ޵ǧԡĵ漣֮ӡһ̣;̫Σգ۴ġ
ҪóӡʺڴĵĻλ֮󡭡硭ɴֱȥغˡ̫һ£˵
أüһ̫ࡣ
̫൭˵ϲ˵Ĵ𣿡
ޡȷô˵ޱ޽һô򣿡ϵ˵ޡǲκαȨٽϡ
̫а̾ϢһȻ˵ȻˣʵϿô˵

īƣҲˣǱ˵ʧأվһս֮ġˣҲû취ʽ֮ĳˣڴߡҲʡޱ޽ķءҲЩΪ㷸
ϿԼǰĳīϴżεЦݣ˵
˵ҼȻΪôӦбȨ԰ɣīҲ΢΢ЦţŻϡ
ոջص׻ƳǣûüѾͶĸߴɵһ棬һ磬ͱʹʥ
ô˵Сӡɲ޵ǽǣĵıɲܸ㡣ϰٵĿųī˵
īҡҡͷô飿ô˵ġҵģҾġҪһ𡭡ȥµļ԰ܲɣ
üһЩĿųīָǣ
ĵİհīܲһ˳ʱ򣬴ǱɵͰҵȫջȥˡǴġͬҲûκκôǣ
΢΢һЩ΢գСȻвޡ
ҲףԼһϵоٴ룬Գī˵ȷЩ֡
䶼Ȼ϶˵ʲô棬ΪЩ塣
īԴĵĹף˶Ŀá
˵ɽһսǳīײû鱨񰧺ҰġǴ룡
뵽ϵı΢˼֣˵ûģ㲻ǿȣ֪𣿡
īаЦ˵İɱ£Ǿǿκ˵ģ
ǾͺãϳһȻʼīһЩҳȥƺǰһȻôӳī
ʵ涼ĺܣѺۡѾ֪ĳֻ֡˫Ѻ۱ø󣬶ڻٵģŬˡ
īصүӲڸϣ嵹ǻˡ
ųī˵ϳȥһˣʱ򣬴ġʲôϲô
īЦЦа嶼үӵ쳣֣˽͵͵ңүү棬Լλδ̣Ѿ
ͬʱīҲЩЩȻżүү飬Դӱүүһ֮󣬾ûĹ
һС嶼˰ɣ
īҲûʲô˵¡
嵱һ˷ܣȻ°֪һȰ˵ۼүġֻǽΪүҲ֪ȾöԲү㣬ΡǾ䲻˼ҹ̫ˣʱǷҲ֪ί˼ҹ
˵ţ̲סпһȻ˵үȻĻҪһӹˡ
īҡҡͷЦҪûңүүѾȢӡ
ô˵үڽĿеĵλκ˶Ȳ˵ģ㽫ԺԼĺӣ϶Ҳһκθı䣡һĿųī
šīͷ
˲⣬īֱӽԼһЩ㣬˵˳
ЩԾĿųīȻʱһЩٴ룬ʵǶóʮּеĽеıȨջү󡣲ȻϲҲֻܱʾ⡣
īͷһǰǸλã¡
ϲ֮ˣ嵭˵ӦʱͰѽӰ嵽ǸλȥһٶʵʮӰġ


273 Թ
īһЦժӰˣ˭֪ʵʣһֻ߲Ҫ߲ｮȡ󡣵ϴӦңֻҪҴĽȫУΪҵķأôھУôĵľӣԼĽɽ
ôĵľӣԼĽɽĿɿڴĿųīȻЦҡͷүһ㶼仰ֱָġ
ԣҲķֻҪر֣Ҷ̡ī˵
ǽǾҪʼ׼ġƵǱȥˣ忴ųīȻЩͷĵǡھʲôطܳΪǵĽ
ĺãīЦʵ
룬ȻЦĺҲǵġĿԵĻôȻڴߵĽҪһЩ۴ĵĳ̶ȣǰȫ濼ǣӦɽǱߵĴƬʺһЩ
ãǾǽˡī˵
̲סһ૵ǰ⼶ѾˡӦӵԼľúģҲǱȻġôãЩƵأҴССүȻĳΪһߣ
˵ţ૵ƬӦѾûʲôˣбҪһʱ䣬Ǯ顣
ûϵī΢΢һЦֳɵı
۾΢΢һУ¡Ӧ
īʧЦҿû˵Ҫߵľӣ˼ҿϸ㡣
忴ųīү˼ǣ
ī˵ԭͥıǲġ
ԭͥﹾһ֮۾ʱҵˣүλԭŮ֮Ĺˡ
嵽ǳԼүĵģûһһ䣬ֱӾ͸˵ȥռ
뵽үԲԭƵӰ죬ŮİǱߣ϶ȫûκġ
˿ڡʵҲ򵥵ĺܡī˵ֻҪõģͲû˻ȥĺʹ֮ⳡս¾ܽġŰɣʱ򣬳ԲġɲǴһߣ
ͷ̾Ϣǰϰչȥˣܻ취Ծȵġ
ǿɲǼз棬ҪȴӴϣҧһȻһҵĳΪϣǿһңī˵ֻе֮ءҲҪ׻ɣûκ˸Ұ
忴һĳīеǹھ˵ѪҲֱӱȼүǶһ·׷үԶ֧ģ

ڶһ磬Ʈ칬ʼѧԺߣƮ졣
Գīͷ޵еĲʽС
ʱĳī׼Уһʸ񴩵·ϡķװԴĻʼò÷Уīʮֺ
˿ȥ൱Ӣ䣡
վڳīߣϴżŭСڣ㲻ֵܣ
ôֵˣīЩεĿһ
Щ飬ǲҸ˵ʵû취˵
үڹ˵ǵڸ׸ǻϵĸس˽˵īҲ֪֮һֱǳչˣµ̫Ǳߵѹû
һ𾴵ˣīôİˮ
һ֪һЩ֮󣬾һվڳīһߡȻʮӣ˵ĸоЩҵվҵˣ
վԼָ֮Դ
īڸʼңҲ̸˺Ƥ
ֻ˵˳ī֮󣬸һͷһûʲôôĽƣʵԵĺôһ㶼û˾ûʼˡ
Ҫվڳīߣֳ֧īĻʾȫˡ
īԴӴߣȻһˣ˵Уܰ
ԣŭ𣬳īҲֻװʲô֪
˵ôˣ浱ʲô鶼֪𣿡ŭųīˣҲ߱һԱ
īͷ˵ô
һ߰ȥҾȥİʲôôŭǲǾãһ׸
īЦֵܣô㵱׸˵һʯ֮ǿߡ˭ҵ׸
㻹֪ǽʯ֮һųī˵Ҫʱֱֵܿң
УīȻܾ벻ˣ
Ҳүү˼˵


274 
ʲôīʱһЩ˼Ŀ
үү˵㣬дųī˵
ǡī΢΢üͷ̫˽⣬֪˵ѣЦҲЩ̫˵㡣
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Σ˭ҷīЦ
ⲻǷ𣿡һɵЦʵүүҲڷ㿴ɣͷ˧ǱߡӦҲ㡣
˧ңҸʲôīĿģ˵˭³īţΨͨīţ
ΪͨǸϴСһ𳤴ĺֵܣ
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ԣӦõõһöӢѫ£
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ΨˣűʻΧмĳīЦĻϣȫаҡͷ

µӢĵͬҲǺ˸оεһ顣
һʢĲԲ
ʼգҲãīҲãȫһҺôҺõ̬ûκε쳣
˶ó֮󣬷޵λ׸˴ľӵϽ˵λ½Ļ֮Ĺϵ϶ǽнԶ
Щ飬ҲӦˣ
˵ʲôġ
ȻҲ˼ģҪīѹϵһߡҪ͵ʲô
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֮ǰӴõ鱨ɽսٵ飬īûκ󷢵˼
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Ҫ֮£һ˵鱨
Զĵī֤κˣ
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ڶ󷢵ΣīȫûлԶʲôīԼסĿջΧЩǿߣֱӾһ亹
󷢵ЩΣ˲ȫޡ


275 ô
󷢾ԼԩҲܵù
ԶıȫԤϣȫû뵽һ㡭û뵽
īӴϢΪܣ֪ɽǱߴݵϢ󷢻˷ܡ
ãԼ֣Ȼڻʵ۵İͷ϶ڳīļ䣡
Ϊɽһս϶ǳīӴû鱨鱨Լṩīģ
Եʱīɽûڵһʱжٻе뷨ԼǲǸˣ
ѵҪԼĹͺ͹סӵĨɱ
󷢲һƺĸоƺô򵥡
һ㣬ӳīõĻԣӳǱߵõĻ̫ˣ
֮ǰÿμʮ𾴵ĽһֱԱʾ˵󷢺á
ԳīɽǱ߹ȥ֮󣬳ٶ̬ȣ濴ȥƺûʲô仯
ǰ̵飬ȴٶ˵ˡ
ǿŭֱԶ飬һһศɡ
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εˣ㺦Լӡʲôίʲôʸԩ
ԣ󷢵棬һֱųīô˵ҲһҪϴ
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ī붼û룬ڰֵ
ߵˣȻǷ޵еĸԳīλүĻ϶ƴӵģǲں˭ġ
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ףѵԼڵĴΪʲô˴ĵԼϽԼĵǸ˵ûʶЩԼǳˣ
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ҡҡͷ˽ĳīûӵˡȻκβ˽ֻҪ֪궼ʲôˣҶκӣ
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뵽⣬ͻȻ΢΢һ
Ϊʲôˣ
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ԳīĽôܻ
Ĩһͷϵ亹ŷ˵ͷһĵãӼȻæҾȲˣݷã
˵ţֱתȥˡ
īõϢֻ֮΢΢һЦ
忴ųīˣһ˲š
ǺǣǸ˲ţϴβ㱻īЦŽԼڴʱǼ˵һ¡
үӺͶȫһ𾪣ųīд֮ɫ
ȻЩ飬ī˵Զ֪
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û£վǻΪˡī˵ߣȴһҪһѵģʱţȻǿĿǰĴʱǸΪǣһֱԭȥƽϴǱ߷顣
ī˵ţҡͷЦĻôˣôôΪ뿪󷢣һҪүˡ
ү̲סҡͷЦСӣͻȻǰ̸Щ漰֮ദԼֶΣʮָп
ȻһֱãԼġ
ϸ롭ʮ꣡
Ѿ־ݵģʵЩ̫˰


276 ̺
ڶ죬īһ磬үүһʮֵ͵ĴӺ뿪˷
ӶûдֱƥųǱȥ
ǱߣīСͺ߾סģ׻Ƴевײ㣬һЩС塣
׻ƳǵȦμīݵģһ㶼
ˣīطҲЩİŷ֣ǱȻԼлҪ֡
үӣһ·ƺϤ
ī̲סʵүү˵ʵطǲǳ
үɫһ죬ƨһļھУôܳҴС׻Ƴǳ󣬶׻ƳϤĺܣ۾Ҷҵκεط
īƲƲ죬үүЩԲԡ
үүУҲŮӵӰֻǰԼĴڣҲȥˡ
Щ˼ңϰʮүӣһʮ߰С檣Ҳ˵ʲô˵үүΨһĽᣬԼ
īУоʮΡ
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˰ɣװٶװ񡣡үӰ˳īһۣЩǵ˵׻Ƴ˶֪ү֮䣬ûѪԵϵҪȢһʮŮ˻ؼңͷٸһС塭Ĳ⣿ˡĲҽͷ
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ǰãһոһңȻܵ͵¡Ҳû֪ǸҲûꡭīЦ˵үүҪϵ׳ŮӻһĻ˵Դ
⡭ȻǡôؾôءүĿ࣬Ҫīȴȫ֪η
԰ȫҪκ飬˼ȢޣţˣΪףģī˵
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ǲ֪ݣīҲ뵽ִһС̻ᣬʮǿӲֶκԸĵǡ
ŮӿīδЦɫ΢죬ǳīɣãˮ
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Сӡ޵һһֱߺ졣
ˮҲһ֪룬ɫߺվ
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ǳīϽô·޵Զ
Դӷ޵˵˳ī֮һֱ׷޵еˮޱȿĵͬʱҲЩʧ
ʵͦ¼īģָоԼԭڳīĶ
Խһ磬ˮѾ߰·ҲЩ飬֪һ˳īҪô˵˵ʲô
Ȼ޵Ѿ߹ȫҪʲôīǸǳµĺӣ֮㴰ֽǳīͱƵġ
ˮȻᡣ
ֱīһ̣еˮĿɿڴ֪ͬʱеǣ˲ɢ
ҪôҡңһˮͰ͵˵ţСĿ޵С
޵д˿гһִδйĸܣָܣʮУδй顣
Ҹĸо
ǣ޵һ൱󵨵ľٶǰˮֵ֣˵ǵӣһôˣ
һû޸ءˮӣȾӶˣͷ˵ţȴûӷ޵еаԼֳ
û֪׷ɱͶ·־Ҳû֪ڼ޵еһ˲䣬ϲЩ塣
һϲʮ꣡
һ˼ˣʮ飬δ
·޵кȷĸ֮䲻ܣ
ҲûиıԼ⣬һŮ˵ⱲҵһԼаȫеˣʵ̫ѡһֱŬ
ֱ죬صƿ
ˮ˳ˮգỬ䡣
޵ĿɿڴĿţЩ֪롣
īٺһЦݸүүһɾ־Ȼ˵һе飬Ҫȥһ£үү졭̽ӻؼȥɣͷоһ£ôүүһʢĻ񣡡
˵ţīһֱʧǰ
СӡӵĻٰ죿޵־ͨ죬УȴǳЦ⣬ϣŨŨҸЦݡ
õĺӣˮЦᣬ¡ɢһǰδеĹâ
ǹâҲҸ


277 Ҵɵ
īֱ֮¥ȥҪȥӢ
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һ˵ֱ˼ãԳԱһԳԵúá
ӢûԹôóԵʳˣʮأˣ¥Щ죬ǸӢСһˡ
ûԼʲôģƺɵȴһ㶼
֪ī֮ͷǳģĵųī֪ӲϲźΪǵˡ
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ЩôҸ˵֪ǳīˣһֱֻǺóԺúȵдš
÷㣬þòīЦų÷˸кȻ˵ֵЩӣ鷳ˡ
˵ﻰԼҵ£ʲô鷳˵ߴһֱܰŶ÷ųīһ򸣣˵
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ȡӻǽаɵɡӢԴЩ˼˵֪Ӣ
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ֻܹһôУӢǿ
īڳƺҲ̫⣬ʲôһš
УɵʹɵоôīЦʵ
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ҪôͷʱͰ͵ųīĿ⣬һԵ÷֮̿ǰӢһֱ࣬˶Ҹ˵
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īһ䣺ɵѡԼҪͷ޴󵫸ϸḻľֱᱼ
÷һԣҲЩݡ
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һ˿˼
һ˿˼ЩʱԼоΪ΢һ㣬ͻᱻԼѹȥ
Ϊףǲеģ
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ī֮䣬õֵܣ
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īʵ̫ˣһʱ䣬Щ飬ֱĿϾӡ
֮£Ȼͬ㣬īĲ̫ࡣ
ľܣŮͬҲϲǿˣⱾûʲô
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֪ݺ䣬ҲȢޣϴӦҲͬ⣬ԼҲͬ⣡
Щ飬һֱǣȥƺͲڡһЩܴˡۡ
īһ䣺ϣɵѡԼҪ
ͷͬ÷
ɵѡԼҪ÷˸ϣĹâ૵Ƕð
ī̧ͷһ÷Щֵĵ÷㣬ôˣڵҪô
÷΢΢һ漴¶һ˿ЦݣûУڵҺϲֻǾã˵ĺе
ʵ÷㲻̫࣬ô˵أȻһ㻨ģ㣬϶ĵģңҲһֱɵģֻԼûоī÷˵ԣʵ˵Ҫ뿪룬ģѹȴֹġ
ī˵ţͷ˵Ҳô鷽飬Ҿãģ
仰÷׻
ֱī;˸Ӣ뿪ܾãûлع


278 ҪȢ
ã÷Լ̵顣
૵ҡҶʲôҡҶ˵ʲô
ʱӰ֣÷﷢һȻ˵Сأ˵ˣأ
Ǹ뿪ˣһᡣ÷ɫЩȻ˵
Ŷãȥ˵ţ˵ˣ÷׼һ£ܶõʽĿҡף
˵ţȻչϸϸĿ÷һ棬ﻹżֵģ÷ôˣôˣ
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˵û£ǲ˭۸ˣü䣬˲ӿһţɻĵӦðСڸմ뿪۸㣬϶Ӧô
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ҿʲôɴ۾ǳ鴤ţʮֿŵ˵ȴһĨЩӵĹâ
ĳЩ棬ɱȳī鳡ˣȻ֪÷ͳī֮䣬ով巢ʲô
Կ϶ǣ÷ԭǵС˼ɢˣ
÷Գīһϲһֱ
ȴûо̸ʲôϲ÷īֵܣ
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÷ϲīīҲ÷иоĻôٲҲһѡ֡
ⲻ˵ֵ㣬Ů·Ů˵·
һֳȫ
ֳȫʵī̬һģĸ֡ɣ
ˣЩ÷Ȼڻʵصĺܡ
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Ȼ÷ĽˣôͲܼװͿˣʱҪе⣬˵˴˲Żġ
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ҽͻȻˣʵҲǡǡ÷Щ
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ǰģ÷ɫ糺죬˫ۣ˵һֱֻǱϵĹ⻷ԻˣҶϲ˵ϲ˵һֳݣһ֡ǿ鲻Խĳݣ
ʮӡ氮ǰɣЦ
š÷һ
׵ȼеĻ棬÷һڣȻ˵Ҵүһֱ͵仰أ÷ģ㲻ңҶ㣡
š÷Щ˵
һֱҶףڡҾãڿǰˣ¶õЦݣǳġ
÷ɫ΢΢һ漴˵ǰҲöˣģҲҪ֡ҲҪʲôҵֻҪ㣬ʱң㡣
˵ʲôأЩֵĿ÷Ҫ㶨ף
Ҷף÷ʱˣɵɵĿ
ǻĲ٣ⱲŮˣֻһǰСڸе˼ʲô˵Ȼڣǵ˼ѾˡûˣҾҪ׿ڸ㡭ⱲȢŮˣֻһ㣡
Уģ÷ľ𣬻ʧɫȻܾ
ΪʲôУ𣿵λ𣿽Ǯ𣿻ʲôЦһݣãҾСڸ㣬һֱ㡣Ľ㣬ٲԸҲҪһݣݵλ˰ɣ
⡭⡭÷Ŀ࣬û뵽ֹɢİĿѣԣҪιȥĸо
ǣϲ
ⲻ黰ȴʤ黰
ʲôǸģ۽Ǯ¥ϣ׻ƳǣǮˡм÷û˭͸߹Ҳû˭͸һȣõһ
÷˿̣ԺͻȻصīٱǾ仰
Ҳô鷽飬Ҿãģ
ǰǰҵģϡںҵˣ
÷ôˣǶôɵ
Һãûд


279 
Ÿߴɵ뿪ĳī֪ȥ¥Ȼ֪֮䷢顣
ǸһҪýȢ÷λ¥£īȴ֪ûе˵˽⡣
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ҵүѾλ˳ҲҪͨʲô˵ˣҲһʮˡǰ滹оŸأ
ңһ濼ǣҳһ뾭ѵҵļһʵҲһ¡
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Σ䵽ˡ
ȻҲԼĸԸġ
ԣһֱλصĺүһֱķʽһӵܵ
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ҲûʧһֱϵĻⶼûٹ
ҲһֱһҰһڸɾİٻ԰Уеôȥһӡ
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280 
ɲ˵Ȼƨɿ϶꣬ľ߳үүҲҷ
˶ӣֱȢ˰ī΢Ц˵
ǡңⲻǣһ𡭡үЩ˼˵Ȼ̫⣬죬ȴҲһ䣬˵һ½ȢһŮˣͲҪ̫ˣԼҰˡ
ôУīֱ˵Ⱳͷһν顭ô̫ʣ
⻰ôеŤأͷһԹ档
졣īһۡ
Ȼ˵Ҫүӣϸã
⡭ôУֱǺ֣޵еܾ˵㵱׸ʲô顭ôܣ
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үүīһ䣬Ȼ˵ʵأûδã̧˵ﻰһԸأ
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Ȼ⣬ȴ޷ܣ
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281 ַˣ
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ʼұ壬˳䣬үүõ׸ȴʼҵͷŴ֡ҲǶš
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282 ˣ벻ͨ
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ѾõĽˣһ૵
ˣ벻ͨүһ̾


283 󷢵ĵ
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һ˵Ҫʢһ֣
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ʮڡֻǳīõֵܣңѾûκιϵˣ
졭⻹İ׷ʲô飿
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˵ˣ㶢ߣүүȥҽһ£ھȥǱߣī˵ţһչӰ粽ֱʧС
ٵɫҲЩ԰ףһȻװµӣǰȥ

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¶쳣ı飬׻ƳУһǿߣǿǺпܣǳųīġ
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Ȼ˵赭дóīӻ뿪飬ôܻС£
үֻϣӲκΣա
үԵˮ֪ʲô̫ͬŮӣԶȺܶĻҪ
ˣȻûī֣ȴû¶κ쳣֮ɫ

׻Ƴǣġ
Ϊһҵϣһܴĵ̺ԺƮ칬ЩǾۼĵط
һµʮˣ˿ȫǸ鱾ͼãôδǷ飬ȴ˿δ
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һ¿СС˵ССЩ棬ǸһҪŬƮ칬Ĺ֮λʮа˾šģ
ССЩɬҡͷӦһʦŶԡ
һ˵һѾɣ̫뿪ˡңйţ˵гһա̤Ϸ֮·
ССУ¶֮ɫ
ûע⵽ʱһһĨĳԼһĽ֮ɫ


288 
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ǡֻһȺõĿ棡
ϵĴУӦö˳īɣϸú룬ôԴǵģ
һȺ֮ŮȻסõĵط
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һʦãһ¾ˣܱӵϢѹƣ˿̣ȻŭĿԲֹҲţ


289 ն
һʱһ˵һʦ㣬Ҳã˵ġƺһǣȷǡء
㡭һ²ñȥŭһһŮԼ𣿡
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Ȼ㲻ǷʲôΪ׿ϿɵĹסɱŻѾǼޣҪٱңīͬһѷĵֱһյġ
㡭ҵĺôˣһնݺݵĿųī
ʱһµˣȫĿɿڴĿһա
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˲֣һīţͬʱһšݺīС˼ޱȴ
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ţȻһĨĿĹâ
ӹīĶʱ΢΢һ͡
ৣ
ӵͷ­ͬһ𡭡߸߷
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290 콣
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˵ҵĺôˣһһ˫У¶ԹĹâеĿ־壬ѾҪʧֻʣ¿̹ĵĳޡ
պ׵һգī˵콣ŵŮˣԭɣûȫʸȥ档
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һʦá㻹򣿡һ¿һյĿ⣬ʧ
ˣҪǲͻɻˣһʱ򣬻վһԲ嶼ڲһµãǻ½𣿡
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㲻вһҼʲôģīЩζĿһա
һһĵΪ㣿ñ˵в飬һաмȥЩˣϰˣ˭ȤȥԼϣ
īĵͷܺã仰һϾҲһСӣСûĸף¡ĸ콣ŵ
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ˣһߣģеµζ
콣мλȥֻʮӣųīֱӿڡ


291 ûʸ̸
ӿȥᣬòãüбޣһɫĳ룬˫Ŀ񣬿ȥǳšųī˵ԭԱܿһУܿ˻ˮġ
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ͬһʦŵʦã˵к󣬵Դһ𣬴ҾͶ׽һϦദһͬˣָ֮ͬ飬׽ûҪ׽
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ȥƺǸܴˡī콣΢΢һЦ˵Ҳأ
Ǿ͵øˡ콣ʹɫƽ˵ȻݴУ룬Ҳ㹻ˡ㣬϶Ҫģһ
ҵҲīϣ¶һĨЦݣǶߣҲɱǡʲôɣҪѴи㣿
콣룺ҲֺܶһǺʹȥһ֣ȴٰܾĥˣļ˶ĺܺã콣ţһֱӻǡ
˵󣬻ûסüвңǰɣīһĿ콣
콣Цףûʸ̸
ʱ洫һ΢ƿһӰ˳Ŵ򿪵ķŽһСк
裡Скһ㿴һգһ䡣
ҵĹԺӣһֱӳȥӹӣЩϸ
콣ʱƺҲ˿
ʱߣųīһ


292 ǧһ
һһ⣬һ磡
һδīĺͷ֮أָ˳īĵ
ʯ䣬ī˶Է⣬ҪϵԼȻԼƮ칬ЩУ
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콣Ǳߵˣһ𺳵ĿŸжϵıУȻɭȻĻī
һһղûиŹһһĲ֪룬һֻԼĶӣǰοŸոЩŵĺӡ
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ոһ˲䣬İŵˣԼˣ
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̨һϵǰˣƮ칬ʼѧԺĸԺϸ˵ҲǡԼˡ
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̨¸ûϵòҪҲ͡ոնԳīֵĿ̨ʮǿơ
̨̾һӶдгҪжҲҪġλ뿴һ㱡ϣ飬ô˰ɡ
̨ΪԼʸ񣬵УԳīֵЦɱ½ϡôˣ콣ʲô
ǵ½ȳֵģһ˵
Ƕȳֵģһ˵
ССһ˵ĸˣһˣ˵ֲҪĻ𣿡
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ʱһӰ̨ԣȴĹξ
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ǡϱأһ𣬽ţ·һŻ𡭡ȻС
һǿѹǵء콣Ⱥֱѹȹȥ
Щʶ̧ͷȴ˲䣬ȫɫ䡣
콣ʧⲻܣ


293 ô
һֻʮɸߣȼŴĿĴ񣬷·ֱӳǰ
ȸ
ˣǵһμ飬Ⲣ˲ϳݣ
콣ŵˣȫ׹ߣ䣬ü
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콣߷Ըɱ
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С£òԣ˾ȲĿ⣬ֱӿ콣˵߰ɣ£ô˰ɡ
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ʱȸ˵𣿡


294 
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ī̧ͷľĴܣЦôⲻҽʱˣ
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ʱ򣬴󹫼ȸϣͻȻøǿһɷ·ԶŵĺϢȻ콣ֹ
ҽ콣ʱȻߵˣҧɣ


295 ˼
콣ʣµˣ½ϵʬ뿪ˣߵʮ裬ߵҲʮѸ١
ҲֻȸͻȻı⣬ٶǳ֡
ԣûκԥֱ뿪׻Ƴǡ
һպһҲһˣһߵĺԥԼĶӣ첽뿪һ֮ǰƺһµƮ칬˵ʲô
ֻͬһڵİƮ칬ӣȫͷȥûд
·ԼѡģµҲԼĥģȻѡˣûлͷĻᣬֲñˡ

Ⱥ˸һ뿪ߵȸҲ˫һչֱӳ
ȫһηĿֱֻѸû뵽Ʋ㵱С
һ꣬ЦػС϶ԵЩˡ
ﻰīһĿɽҷǳġ
˵ţīɫһ䣬۵һһѪš浹ȥ

ӡ
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޵кˮˣȥЦӯӯʵϣҲļ٣
ֻǽǴϲӣǵ֮ǣܲ;뿪̫ʧˡ
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ÿһʵۼݱ֮ǰŻὫܣԼļ̳ߡ
Ҳ˵ģĿǰΨлʵһˣ֪顣
콣֮ǰҲֶΣѾϢݸϣҲˣ˸ķʽϢݵ콣Щ˵С
϶Գī̬ȣһֱͱȽϸӡ
ϣīܹޱǿ󣬱ӻģβ󲻵
īվǸ꣬϶Ѫ嶯ģүүǴĵһھܸߡ
īСͽ˴ɣôϻ治ʲôˡΪһɣԶףеһУῴ
īȴһ
Сףף׵ľʵ̫ˣ
īнǸ֯˲֪Ϊĵͳߣôһ㶼֪
ֶӵֵܣھ˺ͣĵһУӵԼ֪Ŀ
һҪҪҰҰĵġе콾
һ
гһգīҪ췴ôûģԼܹƺס
ѹ˼ҵʦǷߣϻĸɣѹס
ѹ˼ҵ죬˰Ͳ췴
ԣīԽǿԽߣڻϵĿУΣԡҲԽǿ
˵ûб¶κλᷴļ󣬵ⶫ˭˵׼أ
ԣԳȥԸīбҪԳīǻڰһѡ
һΣҲ⡣
īƮ칬ʮŮӲ⣬μүүĻĻ콣ǱڿסʮƮ칬Ů֮Ҳᵽһ⣡
һΣīǱɣ
˵̨ƺȥˣţƾ̨һˡ͸ı䲻˴֣
ǿ߶ǿߵƢ̨Ƿ˳ī룬ҪȥȻš
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һī˵Ϣôֳͻһдᣡ
նҪ
Ҫַֻ֣ܹ޵ԼúõĹҪȢϱ
ϵ棬˼ת߹Ƶķ޵УаԲˣϽһѶôޡ϶Ҫ֣ޡɱ㣬ԻһУ»ӡǴˣ־㹻ٲˡϸ
۽⣬ɨһһԵЦΪţŮΪáûôˣڸ׸īֻҪһ͵ûˣ롭˭ʺλãˣҪǿĴϾĵĽϾҪѽ


296 ˲仯̬
ʱͻȻҴææ߽һˣڻϵĶߣ˼䡣
ԭһֱɽĻϣɫ˲䣬ʧʲô
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˵ţһͷֱӽоƺȸɡ
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޵Щ˼ЦЦ˵ϳԺϳͰĵڼֲֻݣˣ
仰úܶ˵ƤӶֱһ޵еĿ⣬Ҳȫ𾴡
Ȼ˷޵㹻ĵλȴֱ˷޵Ϊ֮ŬܶһӵľȨ˵λϽ˵ǲƽġ
㿴˼Ͻôĸ߷ڣ
Ȼ˲ĴȴƵĶԻϱ̬ԺҪڼֲֻݡ仰˵Ҫ׼ˣ
üһװɲУֵ꣬ΪЧʱôܻؼϣ͵޿ɲӦ˵ˣֻһµļڣһ»˵޲ͨ飬
ˬʵЦ˵һºʵʵĻؾʱ򣬻кܶشľߣҪΪأ
еˣȫĿɿڴĿһĻǼֱԼĶ۾пʲô
ͷͨһ£ͨ촽΢Ȼûȴˡ
ˣ


297 ī
޵еĻ񣬾ֳŹֵ½ˡ
߻һүӸˮˣǿĵĽͿֱ֮ӾҪطҪ֪׷ʲô顣
ԭĴ㣬үӺˮҪΪĻѹͬʱףġ
ʱѾ˲ôˡ
ʱټҴҵ߹үӶ˼䡣
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޵һůˮ˵Ѿˣī˻ԣҵϻȥҲҪ̫ġ
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˵ûжĸ飬ˮԳīǷǳעģΪѾһˣ˶Ѿ֯һųī˻ԣˮͬеġ
ģ޵пһˮȻйĸѸٵȥ
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Щողμ˷޵лͳسǣҲ뿪ʼĵһʱ䣬֪˴ŵĹ̡
ֱʱǲŻȻΪʲôոջϻַӦ
šȸȻĴ飬һһֱΪֻǴ˵
Ϊʲôأ
ЩĹؼĹؼȸôػһˣ
δǷˣһˣڶ̶һʱô˸о˼飿
۷׷ףģȴֻһˡī
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˵īƺˣԻװģԵĻӦʲôӦװĻӦʲôӦЩǷǳҪ顣
غĵδˣ
û취˭̫ڳɫˣССͣȻôྪ춯ص
Ϊ˱ӣҲֱȥˣͬʱҲҪŪʲô
Ԫ˧ͨȴûôֱ࣬ȥ˷ݷá
ͨȻ׵Ľ˷ȴûܼīֱӱɽˡ

ǳӵػߣ˻ԣ̽ӣԪ˧ȻذɡͷһΪͨ
ͨΣֻܴӷȥͬʱйע顣
ĳīһһǣ߲񾭣һ߷ʲô⣬ĵĸ߲㣬Ҫ֤Լڵһʱ֪
ɳ̫ˣͨҡͷ̾Ϣ뿪
׻Ƴǵ䣬ϰĵģȻֻӴ󣬻ȼŻĴ
Ĵԣʱڣз׻Ƴǡ
׼ԼҲ˵˸ոշ顣λŵʮӣ˶ˡ
ˡƨ
走ҵֵδ֪ȴľٰ񡭡ңҪܼȥĻǻ𣿡
У˭ҲңһҪȥ
÷֧ҵģ԰ɣһȥ
ţҵ÷ˣҲ㿴ˣİţʧȥüֵμҵĻ񡭡ôãʼҳҲŤ
ƾٵȰ˵ȥȫû˼˼
һ棬īδȻĵһ֪Լֵܵİοһ棬ȴǳīڣôܶԭڳīϣ׼Ϣˡȫ뿪ˣ
ҲΪʲôƿڴԭ
λҹӣҲ˼ԼĺôжҲڶ˱˵Ӱ졭Ǳ˵ģԼٽҲԼģ
÷֣˵÷ⳡ첻죬ʲôʱ죬棬ҵӣģǷһŬ׷ϲСڸĽŲһ죬ҲҪˡٶκӣ
÷˿̵飬˵ܼ޸㣬ѾˣӣҸŮˣڣǸϽȥӰɣҲܵ
ߣ÷֣Ҵҵֱȥ
ˮ໥һۣ¶һ˿Цֻܸһ
һͬǰ󷢡ˮͳٵˡȫûмī
Ҫˣһүӷ޵вһصĳү¶һĨο֮ɫīڸϣ
ʲôʧɫ
÷ͬʧɫ
ү˵õģûΣգ
󹫼ųīһ·ϸСȮߺıԹСƹ˵ҪǼүСǲǾˣǲǶ˼ү


298 ϽɫѪ
СȮڳīϣߺģȻ˵Уȴ˲
˼ܼ򵥡㲻֣ҵҲܸ㶨
㶮ʲôЩ˽ǳŪСȥģɵĹȥͶҪСƹµȥңڿѾ˼Ҹɵˣ󹫼Ĺţٶȴһ㡣
˵ͨˣĸ֣ҲΡ
󹫼һ·۵Ľīߣû֪ȥʲôط
±ʷ棡

󹫼īŵУȻ˿СȮӦǱȽϰȫˣүԤУһģ׻Ƴǣ϶ȫ
󹫼ԤУȷ൱һߡ
Ѿȥ죬췢Ǽ£ҲһЩ˸߶Ȼԭ
֪ģȫ֪ˡ
Ļʹ鷿Уһ࣬ǰһӣ𾴵ĳ˵治֪Сӵȥ棬
ûԳơҡˣϲ࣬ǰӣһ
콣ŵĵ֮һ
Ҳ콣УΨһһܣ
Ȼո̤첻ã䣬Ÿոչ꣬˵Ѿľ콾
ɱī˵ͬʱûƮ칬ĴС
˻
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⣬ô£ŻϵĿ⣬ȫûκξηͷ·ڿһֻһ
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һ𾪵ĵϡֹ
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һᣬ׼һǧԪʯңʣµЩұ㲻׷ˡ·˵һƽ顣
ϵ΢΢һ飬¶Ϊ֮ɫ
ô㲻Ը⣿ЦЦĿŻϣ˵Ҷû㣬ǲǸ˵ˡ
ϵ΢΢һ漴ϵ棬ĸ˵ѡ
Ҳң˵֪֪ͱ˶¨ӣΪЩɣ˷ɣŲǵ鷳ڵԪʯʹĺܰȫ𣿡
ǳ˳飬漴̾˿ãһͷ׼һǧ򣬲ô࣬桭Ҫأ
ɱǳīȻߣ˵ţȻ˵סһгīϢˤһʱ
ǡϵͷ̧ͷʱѾʧǰ
˿ϣһѶͷаڵԪʯóȥһǧ򡭡á޻ڶĴߡһ죬һҪԼһ֧޵оţʱ˭ٸвޡһף׻ʼҡҲôǵģ
ţЩ̾Ϣһʵԭõĵƣǳīֻϧϧѽ
īܹԵĸоԼ󹫼ߣȻֻصϤС
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ڴ󹫼īļǿѾﵽһ𾪵ĳ̶ȣ˵ĳ̶ȣӦõ
īȴӲţ콣Ⱥ˾ߡ
󹫼ǳīһ˵жأ
ȻĻҲܰѳīصֵط
ī׻ȥ֮ǰѾҪ뵽еǿ񣬿ʼĸֳ
˿һеȡΪ񣬷·ǱһǿӲĸһ㣡

磬ҲмսȻᱻһ׷˸Ƴ壿
һ
ǳī˿ѵģҲǳԾΪУ֪ģͻȻðһ˿ȷ˿ҪϸǧٱϽɫѪҺ
һ˿ѪҺڳīµʺѪҺУȥʮۣ
Եĸ룡
ĳ֣ī״ոջʱǼٵĺҲԱȶ
ѪҺʼųīľߡ


299 ֻҪ
Ǿص
īȫЩ鲻
Ѿô򵥣ˣ粻֪˶ٴˡ
ܣܵôص˺ҲԻ
īܹ֮ͦڣȫǺѪķʽȫһ
ϲϾԪѪԡ֮Ҳ൱ʵ
콣żܺһ֮£Ӳͦ˹
ˣҲԶԳīγв
󹫼ܵ׻ƳǲȫҲ׻Ƴǣûܾȵ˳īŴųī
оѾûǿϾ̾ĵط
ۼٶȣԶκһط
˿ϽɫѪҺǽ˳ī࣬ųīѪܣʼڳīϲϵߡ
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Ҫ˿ͬ񼣵ĳһᾪȳ
󹫼ȻīзʲôȴԵĸо˳īı仯һ˫۵ɵϴ󣬿ųīСӵӲүˡܻ
ȥīĺʼƽȣԭҪɢȥϢҲһһľۼ
Ȼ죬ȴʮǿ
󹫼ΧųīתתȥֹҪǰһֱӳˡ֪ʲô

СȮһðͷŴ󹫼
㼱ʲôү˵˵ѡ󹫼㬵ĵȻһ۳īСһΡܽҼһѾңǲ֪ʲôʱѹϣܿһɡ
󹫼Ҳû뵽īһγ˯ʱ䣬ԶԶԤϡ
ǳīϢƽȣϵϢԽԽŨΪСѾˡ
º󣬴󹫼ЩſϷﹾСƹ˵Сӵôأ
СȮȻԴ󹫼Լĳƺʮֲ⣬һӵĳͽһ
ʲôүϡĸһʶ󹫼˸ۣﹾ˵˵㣬þŽԪޣȻڼү۾ֱСĿϣǶĴڡƫƫԼӡôݣʲôǰʵȫӡˣүҪû´ӡҪ֮ܽ⿪Ǹ
СȮЩãȻĿƤĴ󹫼Ȼ̫˵ʲô
үа취ķӡ⿪ʵС˵ʱͲôһ㣬¸¡󹫼ЦֻС̫ǿˣʱֱӻȥͲǱϢôˣǻ᳹׳忪ӡ
СȮȻãȻĿŴ󹫼
Ȥүʵ뿴忪ӡ֮󣬷Լһߵı顣󹫼һȤζĹ
СȮַͽһ
ãôһȮүͳȫˡ󹫼Ƥøˣ૵İүȥҵСƹ￴ң
˵ţ󹫼һƵ˳ȥӰ

󣬴뱱ԭͥı߾ϣһ֧顣
֧飬ǧҡ
Ȼ̫࣬ȴ֧飬͸һơ
Ȼһ֧ѵصľӡ
һźɫ磬һƥͷߵˣվڶǰ
źɫͷߵһ˴죬ӭƮдһġ֡
һ۵ˣף⴩źɫԣһ񿥵
һľˣվԶĵطûдκοףֿͷվѾǳˡ
еЩˣ˵ĿУҲͿȡ
壬˵ӵȥˣźɫˣһſڣȴһŮǳ٣е塭ˣȻˡ
ʱ˺أǴظУûãʧˡ̾Ϣһ˵̨ʾ˵׻ƳǲȫүӦǱүʦµػߴˡ
ֻȸ𣿡ʵ
ܡͷ
ѾȥˣӦͻָˣΪʲôٳû¶أ߱ž¾ϣżʧ䡣
룬иҪҪȥңҲ̫ΣգĴѰүҪˣ϶ܶࡣԣү֣϶ɡ
һҪȻĻЩ飬ûκ壿ٵżʧ䡣
Сˡ˵үһúøлСģ
ҲҪлֻҪúõĻ


300 ƭ
ģһģᶨ˵
ʱԶĲԭϣͻȻ䷺һƬ̳ͬʱǽµĴأҲ΢Ĳ·ǧڳ߳
ٺֹͣ˽̸໥һۣӶԷУ˽źڴ֮ɫ
һλ棬˫ʵѾڴѾá
˻صĸ֮ǰҲǳīʧһ֮
ԭ֮ͥڡ
ѾΪԭŮ΢΢üͷ˵Ļ㱨˫ÿüȴһֱš
Ů£ǱߣͻȻðһ֧ӣʮˣڸǽĴϣ
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֮ǰ
ԭ֮ͥڡ
Ů£ǾȻ￪ʼˡţǵĹģֱһǰϰˣû˿⣡
µĴ̽ЩˣƺڴĽƵǸ¡
걻Ļʵ۷Ϊרȥһ˴ģõϢӦûܸȤ
ŶǸݾµƯŮƺһȤ
ǲԭսӢ
ʲôУȻųĹâԼλ£ʧ˵
Ҳǲԭͥ൱һʿʱ򣬾һֱߡȻԼŮʲô
˵ǱߵҪߣһˡڵģһ󷢵ˣǰǴĶ׻Ƴĸ֪ΪʲôͶ˳īҪǡ
أԼĸʿսڸʲô
սƺʮܽͷʿ˵һˣ֧УҲżߵµ飬֧ӣӦøйأɵûã֧ӡȫƿǶˡ
šĺЩ˵
һ꣬ǴǱλ˳׸ӣڼ嵱ʮ˳ʮӡʮͳˣʿ˵һ÷Ůӣƺӣ»ȥʱܶ˶ˡ
ôȥģͻȻһ⻰
ʿЦǽǣʲôģ֪ǴʲôܸоǵĲ൱ۺ񡣲ǵ֡ȴʮȱ
ϰˣʮأһ˫ˮɵӣʿ
ʿһ漴ĵ׿ЦǸ߸ϵŮɲܵǵġ
ϰˣзֹңҪôһǣ϶ԽԽáԾͿʼйܶǵȫȥǸɻǱ߸ǳãǸ˼ҲҪĸо
ʿ΢Ц˵ʮһֱڹЩͽĴСһµĹѾǹĴˣ
˻
̲סһʲôһķүϰ̣ܵҡҪһǣҪռݵ˼
ǵģΪ׵һֱΪǸīΪÿ춼һߡһ죬˵֪ǸŮˡʿ˵
Ůˣüͷ
һҶųսŮˡĹϵ϶򵥰ɣ
ٸҺú˵˵ս顣һʿ
ʿȻ֪ԼŮʲô¶һ˿Цͷսˡ𣿿е㡭ɵȿȡҲ̫ӽϳÿҲžӳȥս
Ŷϣƺżʧ֮ɫ˵ȥɣסҪһֱעǱߵĶ򡣡
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ȥɡַλϣ˼
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ֵϰ벿֣֣īǺڵġǰס
īְס
սʵʵĸԹԵĳ̡ϣ˭ָܹʹˣ
˵˵ţһ飬˳Ϲ䣬žµϣԹһЦƭӣһֱǰɣҿλܣ


301 
ǰĸʿֱӴһźźʸ
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ףԼλˣȻ˲ڴôྪ춯ص顣ͬʱҲΪīеĵǣ֪ʲôʱ򣬲ܼ

ˣ΢΢ۣǱ߷̳̾Ϣǲԭͥսɫ
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΢΢˵ߵ鱨λŮˣһֱۼүأ
Ц˼ȻЩĵҪүͺˣ
ʱǱߵĶ飬ѾȺ˵С
һɱ뺷ҰԵϢ
һƥ˦ľ룬ͬһߣ߿ٳ
ϣһŻŮӡ

ԭϵŮ
Ҫȥϣٺ壬ȫһ۲³Ůӵݡ
ٸߣһԵ壬Цȥ˵ġ
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񿥵̲סһȻǰλŴŮ־޵ĸо
ϸ˵ԭĴ磬ǴĲԭ񡣵ĳ࣬ȴ൱ƯҸŮӵԼвͬǣϣһЩҰԺͻ
ԴӵŮ֮Ĵ磬Ҳʼ˱仯øӽӽŮӵװ硣
һһں˲ԭҰԺͻŮĸ߹ޣԼĵԼľŮˡ
ͬΪŮӵĳ٣ǰҲ۾һ
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벻΢΢ҡͷȻ˵̶һʱ䡭Ȼôı仯
˵ǰţǻΪһ˵ġ
ɫ΢΢һ죬Щߣȴûзϳ⻰Ŀų˵ԼҹӦòҪʶһô򵥰ɣ
ţҴҪԭͥˡ˵¶ٱ˵
ˣһ䣬Ȼͷû⣬˫ʵụ̂Ҳ϶ҪΪǣ໥ػ
ٵͷ˵֪¶ԲԭͥĽǷ⣿
ÿüë΢΢һ˵Щʳ˲ԭ֪ͥٽҪһ㡣
ЦֻҪģǾͼˣ
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˫Ľˣֱ׵˲ţ
˴˼ûκҲûκҪ󣬸ûʲô໥̽Ͳ֮ľٶ
һֻΪгīĴڡ
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ܶʱʵô򵥡
Ψв֪ˣŻȥӲĸνѰҸɡ
˵ȡů֮࡭
Դˣ٣ȫмһˡ


302 
ݱĽУǵĲԶǳЩ˵ʱס
˵ʱסҲû̫ίϾүڣԣеһʩһӦȫ
һ൱޴ĳй
ֻΪڣйһֱŵġ
֮󣬳ֱӰЩˣ뵽˳й͡
ǵһΣ߳ԼĲԭͥ
иӢսڣְ׹֮ǰڲԭϵڵ֪ͻȻֵĳְ׹ӵķ֮ЩŮΣΪһҪͥʿǣһûн
ְ׵Ⱥ˵Уʵ̫ˣ
˵ûְףûнĲԭŮȺݵλͥʿˡ
ڲԭϣһͨ˴˵ԭ˭
˼Ҷ㣺ŮǿսĿеĴӢۡ䡭ְף
ǵģֻˣ
ˣٽ㣬ȺˣôԽĸ֮ǵߵģûǴĻǹߵ·ӦдĵĴųʵ
˵ǵϣдĻʵ۵ʥּǲҲţʱҲһ鷳
ȥܾˣٵü䣬һĨŭɫĺʱ
ʲôЦʮ˿ڡ˵͹
ʥּʥּҲУܣ
īأԸ˵ڱǰʲôӣһѡ
ʲôڣǾ˭ˣ
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Ϊ󷢵֧ʮ˵ľӣʵǵ෴ǿ
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˵ǵʲôԭҲ·Ǯġٵ棬ȴ൱ʹ졣
ȳīжԴĻкĸ飬ٶԴġ˵ûһøУ
СܵĿ࣬ȫڴģֻī֮󣬲Ÿııˡ
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㲻лᣬðų˵
𡭡ǧ𡣡ٱһܸо棬ЦǱߣҲ˵ûȥǣǸҲҪǣΪǱߡԴһֱǺиġ
ˣİɣҲ鷳ġͷȻʵˣīүүҲڴôûһ
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ЦŽһе⣬֪ԭˣȻһ¶
İɽ㣬ҸһĹһҪһȫµĳ˵
ߵû뵽ԭŮҲû뵽Ǳߵ˸û뵽һȡ꣡

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Ҳ˵ڳٺҽ˵һʷʱ̣īʱѾѹˡ
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֪Ϊʲô۾
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ֱʱīЩˡ
⵽׳ģ
īʼѰԭǿľϳš
ֱľײĳ棬һССѪ֮顭ڷ˾޴ı仯


303 
䣡
īоԼľ˲䱻뵽һĪĿռȥٶʵ̫죬ڳīҪֿȫ
ţī͸оԼһ൱Ŀռ䵱С
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īﹾţȻʶĵͷ⿪ӣǰ΢΢һ
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ī֪˴ʱֹһ˿ϽɫѪҺ֮һ˿ѪҺѾʧӰ١

īһãȻı飬ʧڿһĨڣʲô֪ˡһСҪԼˣ
֮ǰվк̣ܶǶ콣ĴɣȻУҲǱ
ʱԶͻȻ䴫һ޺֮
໣
ͬͻһ㣬ȴͻĽöࡣ
·һȻ
ƬɽƺΪ֮𵴣
šһͷǧɳİ쵾޻߸ԾһԾֱԾǧֱǱһط

ͷò˼ľ޻˹ȥĵطͬһ
Ȼ෢ģ
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ֱӺͻһֻǰצ棬ֱһ춯صľ졣
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īĿɿڴĿһĻֱŵԼ˫ۡ
ͷ޻Ѿ׵߸֪Ǹ࣬Ȼܹסôľ޻һ˵óīò˼顣
ͷ޻һһɽ׵ĸײɳɣ
ʱǸͷ޻һսһ
˫Ĵ򶷣ǹޱǿҵĲƬضΪ֮
īǱǧȻܹоֲ
Ҫڸǰֲҷˡīǳ鴤ţаǧյҸǰ
ϵ飬ڴ飬ʮ֮˾ţԸԽǵĵ飬Խǿܻᷢ
һһսĵطԲǧ֮ڣһ㣬ɽ뵹飬ԭдеһƬȺɽ̹򣬾ѾͬһһƬ
óīе־ģ֮սԼ߿
走Զ㣡ī湾ţǧҡ
ս˫ȫûī
ͷ޻ƺҲˣ˲仯Σˣһεչս
īһα𺳵ˣǿ޿Իγˣ֪ģ֪֪Ȼеš
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̫ˣ
īۻңޱ𺳡
ҡгǸ֮ǰεӣͻȻ俪˵
磬ҲһλֵĻԵȻľ֣һӮͷͻɵӣ˵


304 绢
һλԵҵõΣõһΣ˵㻹ҪŬаһЦȻͻȻһһ˫ֱۡӿī
īһֱСĵĲԼԼ㶯Ҫסˡ
ֻרĵĿ֣˽һ絽ô£ȴôû뵽ôԶȻԷˣ
ڱϵһ˲䣬īȻֻĸо
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֡ɽˣ֪ʮһ۸ڶļһ˶ڰ͵ҵĿ⣬ҲڳīĲ֮Ȼȵͷ¶βģ
ֲ˸ϣīͷƤĸоϣȴ¶һ˿Ц˵λҸûأһͳԼŪʲôطΪʲôλѡܸҽ𣿡
ಣ
ಣ
Žǧľ룬ӰȻͬ˲һ㣬ֱӳڳīǰ
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ͻȫųī¶ŵı顣
Ϊǰֱ࣬Сȫû취ţ
𾪡Щ𺳵ǣСһ࣬Ȼܿסϵƣ
ȻûпĽƷųԳīīСˣȻȻɢϢѾȫ޷ˡ
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˭һȻĶųīʵ
ī´һļһаޣһӣ
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ٿң߳ߣͽ׳ͬʮһͷɫĳһ֮ǰ޻ʱɫ߸߱üŨܵһ˫ʮ
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ΪʱīҲѾоǰˣƺһʼֵжԵĹϵȻжãԲʲôҡ
ңǵϣҲûԵĶ⡣
īﹾһ䣬Ȼһۻҡ
ҡҡͷû˵
С䣬û˵Ͷˣһ¶λ⵽ʲôطΪʲôīһϿҵĿˣȭ̵
㲻֪ʲôطҲ֪ԼôģƺԳīʮɻ
΢΢üͷȻЩ̫ųīĻ
īͷҸոԺгһ仰˵ţīСĵĿһˣ֪Ǿ䡰Ѫﵽ׼׼硱ò˵
ѪԲᣬīԼ֪Ѫʲô֮
䡭ˣ
󹫼˵ԼϵĲ¯߱죬һͿֱӷս
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ǱߵĻҵƺֱһЩֱ˵ǲ˵Ѫﵽ׼׼磿
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Ҿûоųī˵˵һν磬ģѪﵽһ̶֮ȻȻģͿԽ뵽ˡ
ԭīô˵ҿڽˣȻЩʧҲû̫࣬ͷ˵Ķԣ㾹Ȼ֪طȴеˡ
˵ҲûʲôֵģɽҲãҲãʸ֪ģǶеĺСһСģþ˾ʲôҲ֮С
˵ţųīһЦһϵĵīϵܣôûɣ
ûû⣡īæͷ֪ô뽻أҵľٶѩ̿
һŻҵСϻе㲻
ҺٺһЦһƽ꣬Ҳۣ
ƽüһ˵ƽˣһν磬ڻɽ


305 
ҺٺһЦ˵ңǷһ飡
̲סü˼īĿУ˼ζ
ּһѻ𣺡ˡεĻԵҲˣҪǰ˵鷳ҿԳְһΣ
ϣڶݣŻңô
ҿһ۳īȻ̾ϢҲ֪ǻ嵽һȥ˲żüãʵϡҺҸ֮⣬Ѿܳŵֵˡ˲ԽԽ٣ȴԽԽǿҪ취
ܳΪƾ֮ˣһԴӵĿ⿴ųīУһ˿ʡ
īȴһͷˮĿˣ̸ʲôôоƺڡԼ
ƾ˵ҪԿɡһЦ
̾ϢʵҲиͬ뷨
ɫһ䣬˵òǡ
ҡҡͷҾܾͷϻǷһ飬˵Ѿ׬ˡ˵㻹ӦҶλԵѾûɼȥ˵ɵģҵ˽
ҵͷһȭǣҶлˣ
ЩźĿųī΢΢ҡҡͷ̾ϢīϵܣǺڣ
˵ţΣȻֱӾһһֱʧڿС
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ʱһϿҵĿųīȭ˵»ңڳϿҵī͵ܣһ壬ΪһԱ
īŻңͷʲô֪֣侲֮󡭡𣿡
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ֱ磬īſǰһ޴ޱȵĳС
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Ļ磬ӦóڻУٺ٣֪Ǹطж಻˼˰ɣųīЦ˵ﱻǳΪɽʵУΣյһƬһ·ʲôΣնûʵϣΪҺϤʲôطԱܿΣաȻĻֲļһҲ䣡
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йأ˭ֱӷɽȥڳУҲܣȻĻᱻ磬Զٴν롣
īͷû˵ΪԼ۾Щˡ
ôһĹ򣬼ʮӸɵſڵˣóīֱӷʮͬ壡
һ߲˫ŮӣóīĿɿڴ
ƺоīעӣŮңңĿһۣ䡣
īŮվǣȴ˪һ߰ڿҵʱ΢΢һ漴ͷתǡ
ǲʵӡʱ򻯳ΣЩĶԳīЦǸƷŮһ˿ܲ
ôīʶһ䣬ʵӲûʲô뷨ڵֱһ汦ʲôʡ
ҲûоòͷЦŽ͵ǵСݵλߣұҲˡ˵Ӧøһλͬ
ЩƵı죬˵Ҫģϣľ綾뺦㡭һմϡ͵ɣ
綾
īǳ˳飬þ񹴶˻¯ϵľ綾Ҫν⣿
˲䣬һҩ˳īľʶС
īǣ΢΢𣬶Щġ
٣ǿƵ֮أҳīҲһǴ


306 ռ
֣óīͷͨһЩ
ϾİĵطȫǴǰ붼벻ǿߣ۽ͬʱϵľ޴ѹҲһܹܡ
īŻһ˻ǣֳ˸࣬дγ֣ҲһЩһЩɴǰ˰޵ģ
һֻɶ೤ĺɫϣī׿һּ᲻ɴݵĸоĴӳīǹǿϢīݡ
սʿڳī߽ܵһܿµ壬Ƿǿڶ࣬ȫη
īͷǰһͷһɶ೤İɫӣҡС
ν˶ȫףûһ˿ɫÿһëޱȹ˳
ƺܵīĿ⣬ɫӻعͷɭĿһ۳ī񣬾ڿ漴ͿīԵĻңɫ׹ʱعͷȥ첽ܿ
ǿ̫࣬㲻ֳļֵѱǽܺϿɡЦ˵ǿ̫ˡ
īһЦ͵ûУΪ֪Ѿ̫ӡ
ֱֹ̫˺ðɣ
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󣬻Ҵųīһƹݡ
ƹݵϰ壬һͷ飬ңʩ񣺡ͬʱЩĴ˼۳ī
ҵͷһϺõľƲˣ
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Ȼī鼸һۿλͷҲƣԼʲôʱʼԽۣôСཻˣ
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˵ͷ˵ָоǿҵ񣬶֡
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Ѫѣܹ뵽࣬ÿһǾž޵ţҿųī˵֮ǰ磬һ֮ӣ
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ȿȡֵطͲһɣһôֵطı鿴ųī
īҲһĵҪǸ˵ҾʹطʲôӦ
īջû˵¶ҲŵңʶľãԼһ꣬ͲӦó磡
˵ų֮أΪӴڵңżӴ򣬿ƺǿˣʵϣֻеȡ
šֻеȣīЩ𾪣ǳ鴤Խܡ
ʵҲãҲã˵ʲôҵͷ˵ǸĵطҲֹһ㣡
īǳ˳飬Żҡ
˵磬һ㣬ֱΪ졢ءˣڵһ㣬Ϊ˲㣬ʵͼһ㣡ϣѪǿԽ뵽ز㡢㡭
˵ţ¶֮ɫΨн飬ǿ飡
ԭīȻԭΪԼѾȫû뵽ǱɽһǶѡ
硭һ磿īŻʵ
˼һ£ڻ˵硣ϹʵҲûһ׼ȷĶۡǻ壬ǿ²ʵ鹹һֳ
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ҿЦҲǺͬ۵㣬˵ģԼѳȥӸµĿĻĸһֳࡣ
ֻͨԵǿѪѪǿһ̶֮󣬿Խ뵽߲εĿռ䣬Իľ޴ôҽصڵ磡˵
ī۾Ȼһܹصڵ磿ô﾿ʵģһõľ磿


307 
⣬΢ԥһ£Ȼ˵⣬ʵҲǻһ⡣
ŶīŻңѻشô
ҵͷ˵Ǻѻش𣡡
˵ţվǰӣһ΢Ĵ죺㿴ܲ˿֮԰ɣ
īͷ
һоʹҿųīǣǵʵûиһ뵽硣
ǲ˵һɵôī˵
Ҫô򵥣ôۣҵһЦԼĴָǲҲ뵽Ȼٿָжǲȫܹȡ
˵ʲôīŻҡ
˵ĶͬװĴָȻ󡭡صڵʵ磡ҵ˵
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Ļ˵õʲôȫԴȥôī˵
ԣһ棬˵ʵ鹹һֳЦ˵
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־ƣΪǻ缫ƷƵ֮һõɽеİҰƶɣڸоѣΪīһڴĿųī
ƳʱɫӣǹɹζֱƮɢ
īƱһڣһɸĸоĸ˿κ̲ס˵ǹ֭ɣ
֭Ҫеһ֪ǲǹ֭ˣҴЦ˵־ƣԾźܴĺôͬʱԴ壬Ҳźܴĺô
ҿҪȵˣīЦżһƬ㣬һڻָоȷԹóԵʳľơ
īһʼͲŻҵĻһζûеĻôˣ˵һʮҲû°
ǵ͹˻Ŀֲ֮ںȵʱ򣬳īûκ׵ֱſϣдǻҵĹЦ
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ʱ򣬻ͷ߽һſϵĳīȻһĳŻұȭࣿ
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ȻΪʲô߰Ŀ˵ΪʲôͻȻһСôȤ֪еС࣬϶ǿ֮
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ī֪ԵٷڻУ˭Եġ𣬶Ծľ޴ôļ۸񡭡ȻҲ൱󡣾ǻңƽҲ᲻
ڶһ磬īʱͻȻ䷢֣ԼϣȻ˾޴ı仯
仯óīֱӱˣ
Ǿǿڴ֮ǰīľ٣ߵЩˣǿܶ࣬嵽ʲôΣī治
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ţı仯
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ڣīԵĸоԼʣٴ˴ȵǿ
һīþֱӹ
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ƶѡȻԼ̥һı仯


308 ī
ǳīľ磬ѪڣֱѪ۷塭ȻҸԼȵƣǲ򵥣
֮ûƿ˵ʵӦǶǸ˵ȻҲ΢΢ԺԲơԳī֡ߡ˵Ӱ̫ˣ
ҪǳīԼٻҪµʱ䣬Ѫ۷塣
ƾ͹ˣ
ȻʣҲֱ۷塭
ī̲סпЦʦǧټƷŪЩԪѪҺȻȲϻеơ
Ǿһ
⣬ǲһθھϢ֮ǰǿħҲûиϢ
Ϊʱħ˴ƾʲôġҲѾήҵһ̶ȡ

⴫ŵͬʱҵҲ֮
ī͵ܣôûУ
īɫ΢΢һ죬һʼԼ˵ܺһ𣬽ơֱӵˡ
֣Ѿˡī˵ţ߹Ŵ򿪡
Ц߽ųī˵ôоΣ
û뵽־ƾȻôˡī΢΢һЦȻŻһȭȴҵľ磬˴˵Ҫл֣Ƶļ۸񡭡϶Ҳ˰ɣ
ҿĵЦ˵аͺãƵļ۸Ȼˣдѣ̫ܲС԰ɣ
Ȼ֪ҶԼȣģīȻܸж
ˣ֣ǽ֮Ҫβ뿪磿⣬īʵģ̫ˣûü
뿪ĻһοھʵҲ˵ܿҲ֪ڻ硭ʲôܡҿųīΪ飬ڽ֮ǰѾ֪ˡ͵ģʵǲ
˵ţҸī˵һοھھЩֿڣīǺܿסˡ
ھʱͬʱԼľͿˡ˵
īͷҼסˣл֣ˣʲôطʹھô
˵˵ҽ㣬Ҫ뿪磬ڻ뿪Ϊ⡭ȫģ
ô˵īʵ
ھҪһʱ䣬ʱ䣬Ǳ˹޷뿪˵Уһֱھ뿪ҪǱ˿ôԷܾܿ㣬·󣬻֡ô´γֵʱֱӾͻ⵽
𣿡īŻңҪڻˡʲô
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īͷǺʾһֶټסˡΪֵ̫֪ĻҺܾܿͻỳˡ
ΪɽС棬ҲӦ֪Ŷԡ
ܴﵽӰ죬ŻСϢͻָһĻڻһΣľʶܵشҪʱ䣬ָܻĺֵãȻĻòʧЦ˵ҪʵѣֻҪڻУʲôľѸǿ
Ȼֺôī̾
еĺôʵ̫࣬ȻĻΪʲôôˣһֱ棿˵кܶôԼȥ֡
īͷʵǣЩڻУ󲿷ֶʲôأѰұ
Ц㿴ˣֵܣԻ硭治һİȥǲû˵
īͷ
˵硭ʵ磬һСһģҲ˵ʲôͬʲôңĺôǿʶԸĶ콾ġġλġһǿƵĴ磡
ī̲סһ⡢λ桭ִʻ㣬ȥû
лᣬһҪʴ󹫼Ƿ֪ط
Уģ顣˵ɽ顭һЩ඼ž޵콾ǺԳ
īЦǰȾž޴Ĳࡣ
ҵͷ˵ʵÿһ飬ʲôģԽǸߵȼ磬ԽߣٶȣҲԽ죡ʵûʲôΪڻУٶȣһģҲΪʲôҡȴȻ˿ԭ򡣡
ֵ˼綼죿īЩ𾪵ĿŻңҪ˵̵ʱ䣬ЩǿߵĲࣿȻ̵ʱ䡭ֱӷ
Ȼˣҿһ۳īˣЩ飬ɶӵǿѪ飬Ѱˡôܽ뵽


309 Ű
˵ţȡһһ߰볤һ߿İɫݸ˳ī
ǣī鱡ġİһĿŻҡ
ҺٺһЦûлش𣬶˵þעȥڵһӦҲ㹻ˡԿ
īɻĽסȥԭİɫ棬ͻȻһѵּңּȻڽϵϹţ
ī̲סһ̴ٵľһˣ⡭ʲô
ǻĶû֮һҺīķӦţһνʱ򣬼ⶫӦҲûȳīö١
˳ܣûôˣΪ飬ڽ֮ǰѾǳ˽طˡԣǵһνӴ壬ҲֿŵķӦ
ѽǽŰ塯˼壬ʹϢõģһĴԼϣҲȡһͬĶȻ˵㿴ԷϢ˵ҪѰʲôԼûʱôôأܼ򵥡ͨŰͣ
ͣīͷԼеġŰ塱㿪еһϢ
ͷչЩȵĵ㾹Ȼô֪ôϢˣѧ˺þáԣ˰ɣ˷ϢƷ쾧һƾ棬ñ˶ɵء
ҿ棬ƲƲ˵ƾһּƷĽʱӽȥһ㣬ƷʣһƾƷ쾧һȻֻ򡭡ռˣ
ȿȡ֣쾧ʲôīЩ˼ʵ
Ķʯɽɾ硭쾧ˡҲûгЦīЦ˵ÿһ쾧棬̺ӴʿزٵĶ
˵ţųī˵ЩԺȻ֪ٸ˵Űáصڵ磬Ȼʹã
ʲôīŻң˼˵ⶫûصڵ磬Ҳϵе飬Կ񣿡
ҵͷûɣ
īǳ鴤ţ૵ֱֹ̫ˣ
⼸죬׼ȷ˵뵽֮󣬵죬ⲻһʱīѾ֪Լ𺳵ٴΡ
ֱ֪ӱ߸ˣ
֮ǰīһֱԼѾǺмʶˣ٣磬ʶˣûС
Է˵۷壬ƿշ֮Ǿͳɣ
Ժǳˣ
Ȼװյ뷨ߣΪ֮ƿշ˾ͻõ
еߣȷ֪ɽ磬ɽ桭¡
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ɵ뵽֮󣬲֪ԭ磬ԶԼСҪ
˵ڻһȻ뿪˻磬صڵ硣˽¡ɵʱŰֱӸʾʱͿԽˡ˵ңڻУһ״׵˫Բü棡ֻҪڽ״Ľ׺룬ֱӿԽнˣ
Ƕͱꣿ
ڽ״ֱɣ˵Щ˲ԸԼݱ˷֣Դ飬֡Ǽٵģ˵
ָԼŰϵһϢԳī˵Ϣ𣿡
ī˳ŻҵĿһ̲ס˳飬ǸϢķߵ֣ȻһֻСèè
Ҳ˼èءī˵
èҲûнֵģЦһһʶıɲһֻСèèԺл֪ˡ
Ҳ˵ҲԽӣǰɣīܶԸҩġͣвһϣв
ҪѰһЩҩĺͿף
֮ǰڻɽʱ򣬲Ͳֹһεѹ
Ǹʱ򣬳īôȥѰң
˵ȻԣһҪסӣΪûɵʱ򣬻ᱻֱӽöȣһöȱɸôûа취ˡ
īǳ˳飺ֲˣ
ͷߵĿųīһˡֻԼľŰϵǼһΣ㻻Ű壬ľȻᱻʶ𡭡
īҲһҲû̫ϡ
ȻŰʱ鿴ôɼҩ֮󣬶Ժȥôܻ겻ɵģ
ɣȽεǼǣҪһ֣ȻԼıҲǿԵġ˵ţʼ̳īô
ǾͽгīˣҲûʶ˭ī˵ţҪԼֵǼȥ
ҡҡͷñ𣡡


310 ϤӰ
ΪʲôīŻҡ
Ϊһ죬磬콾ۣһĿųīⶫܶʱһ£ûһ¡ڼ𲻹ֻ㼶ԣ㿴ŰϸϢ㿴ҵġ
˵ţֵ㿪һϢŰתī
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ҿһ۳ī˭ڻɱˣ
īƤӣ˺ü£ȻſЦô˵Ҫˣпܱ׷ɱ
١˵
ðɣˣīͷȻ룬¶һ˿Цݣһֱ֣ӳŰ֮ϡī
ţػ࣬٣˲ֱ֣ͨƶϳıˣȻеӽҹһ䣬Ȼ߳īԭǲӦÿʲôֵģȻˣôҾͰҵĸ㡣
֣˵ġīЦ⼸յĽӴīİѻҵѡֳһ
ҵʵжǿī֪֮ǰ֮սͶԻУԸоԲ
һ㣬ӻڻеı֣Ҳó
Щ飬ԼһĵĲмģңֱ飬ͻ
磬еز㣬ҵʵҲ㹻ǿ
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ҵΪѡȿȣԣѣѵõģƺЩɬЦ
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Ȼҿųī˵һˣһʮ꣬ʹɽ磬Ȼ硭ʮʱ䣬ɹƵۣΪ
ôī̾
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転ּԣ£ҾãһҪúÿǿǡīһϿҵĿŻ˵Ƿֵܶ࣬¡վͬСɣϣܹ⡣
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ڻҵ˼īܹһЩչԼȻġͬʱԼ뷨֪ԼǻѣЩ˴ͷҲġ
Իҵ˼īܡ
ֵطֻԼһˣǴ粽С
ڻǵĽϣҰīܵһ¥ֵңѪǿˣóսģͬҪԴ׵ġ
ľңٶ൱죬Ҳʮָ߰ҿеòʧ
Ƕĳ
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ÿ׬öǮɣīʵ
ҳ˳ǣֹǺܶ࡭ֱǳ࣡
ʱīȻоһΪϤӰھ¥ſȥס̲ס


311 ûоϲط
ҸоīƺЩ˳Ŀȥ漴¶һĨޣһĳīļ򣺡аСӣ۹ⰡǹƯŮƣλҲټļƷеļƷˣ
īһ漴׻ˣȥʲôֻĬĬעǸĸɫǵŮӴǱ߹
ǸŮӣƺоעɻͷһ۳īߡīʱŮϵı飬ȫûκα仯䡭߰
ī΢΢˳飬߹ȥȴֲ֪Ϊʲôվû
գŮӿųīԼĳƺЩ΢΢üȻת뿪ˡ
һУ˵ʵҲգգ۵һ˲䡣
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ģǾϲȻڴʧŮĮȻת뿪һ˲䣬īоԼǱ˺ݺݴһôʹ
ߵĻңоһɲǼӳīϴǹϢ
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ҡҡͷ̫࣬ܶϵãôƯŮӣȻĬĬţһ£٣¶ˣ
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īһ䣬۾ʱ΢΢һʱոλߣٴηһλ
µûϢλֵܣӦʶһˣʵһΪ⣬ˡȻĳһ죬˵ı𡭡Ȼ󣬱ȫʶ㣬ȷġҵõѣͻȻʧһô죬ô˽˵ȴһİˡ
ī˷λͷͬʱЦѣĵԺŰϷʲô⣬ҪСİĴˣʵ̫ˣ
ʵҾãȻܸһ˳Ϊѣô˵ԼͶԵģԣ飬ҪҲҪ٣һγΪѣȻҲܵڶΡΣԣĴ󵨵ȥɰɣǵˣͽܻٴϤġ
īϣ¶һ˿ЦŰϻظһ䣺ллĸҽλѣллǣ
ʱ𣬽ţű򿪡һĿųīֵܣǸŮϢ̽ˣ


312 ҵ
īЩЦõĿһۻңٶ죡
ǣҵĵ϶벻ǸŮ˵ݣ
ǻҲô𣿡īЩĿŻңʵݣԳī˵ѾûôҪˣ
ŮҲһҪ׷
Уǰ㣡ҷ˸ۣȻһͬĿųīֵܣ粻Ǵ㣬ŮӡҪ׷ֵĻѶȿɲ͡
Ŷīһۻҡ
˵֪֮ǰŮ˲Ǻܹģԣ֪ǻ˲ĵһŮ
а񡭡īͷߡ
˵˵ĵطһʲôֵģⲻһŮͷݣ˵һ
ȻӴʱ䲻㳤ī㿴ˣһ󹫼ҪǴյһȥ϶һƴ
ǻ룡
ʱ䣬㳤ΪѾ˺üҵĴսȻĻҲô͵õôϢҿųīٺЦ磬Щɣ
īƲƲ죬ĵһԷأ
˵Ȼ磬ȴСص֮һ
˵ţųīһһĵ飡
īһŵĿŻңࣿôܣ
īദʱȻûж೤īϣȴδоκεطͬ
ң塭ʲô
˵ī֪ʵϵ̫ˣ϶ܳǻ塪壬Ҳܳһ壬о壬Ҳ̸϶ô⡣
ǣīͲ֪ʲô
ΪʲôܣΪӽһ壬ų棬ϵʱ仹Ҫ磡ҿһ֪ĳī˵˵Զʱ壡֪ʲôԭʧ磬һֱʧ˺ܶꡣֱ˷ǲ֪Ϊȥ硣
īԥһ£Ż˵Ϊȼɽ硢磬ʲôô
⣬ǳīһֱʣȴûʵģ֮ǰûʣǲ뻢ҾԼ̫֪Ҳ̫͸Լĵ׶ѾνˣΪġ֪Ϳˡ
һӦҲһСˣʣҲûʲô
ǳ˳飬ųīðһ䣬ֵܣʲô磿
ȿȡīЩ˼˵Ƽ㣬Ѫ
ҶʱĿ͵Ŀųī񣬾ڿһãŵһȻ˼ΣԥΡ˵ֵܣǾţ㻹治ܼ뵽
īȻѾ׼滹ЩܣЦǰ̫ˡ
ǣҵ˼ˡһĿųīޱ˵ȫûκΡһ㡭Ц˼
ǣīЩŪͿˣŻҡ
˵Ȼı׼ÿѪ硣ȴû˵ĸƼ顭ܽ뵽һֱΪ٣Ҳϵʿ
˵ţ̲ס´ųī̲סк棺òᡭǴӷֱӽİɣ
ī΢΢һ뵽Լʱ򣬾ʶһ䣺
ŻңΣǡΣ
ҿųī˵ǵĻ£ԺԶκ˵𣡶ңڻ磬֪ľ磡ȻĻڷһӣֻҪ磬֮ϵɽ磬Ȼᱻ׷ɱ
ΪʲôīŻҡ
ĵƼľ磬ڵǿѪڷֵطֱӽ뵽ȫӦĵطֻ˵һ£
˵ţһ˵ϡ
Ȼˣ
īŻңû⣿
ҡҡͷû⣡Ϊ硭Ͳһ磡ǸططȱûӦֻԪֶûеĵطͲܴڻ֮ţ
ԣǵط뵽磬ֻһʽͨѪ֮󣬾˵ţૹֲãڻɽǳڻУΪ֮ͨŽģ
֮šīһİĴʡ
ǵģ뿪磬пھģھؼǵȻ󣬻һ֮ţֱӴ򿪡ҿųī츳ǿᣬôǷˣУϡôܻ
īĬĿŻңΪ֪ʶͼʶĲԵȣڻǰû̫ܡ
ھͿҵУôˡ


313 ǽݰ
ʱ¶ʹ֮ɫ૵һ֮ģû뵽ȴֿüԲŵġһŲ˼ͷݲ㰡
˵ţĿƵĿųīֵܣǽݰɣ
īأֱӱ仰ŪˣĿŻң˵ʲô
ǽݰɣظһΡ
Ȼ֪飬еͻ˵ģֵܡұЩͰ֣ͣһΪѵĿųīҵȷеʡ
ȵȡīĿɿڴĿŻңǳ鴤ʵ㵽˵ʲôѽңҸ㣿
Ҹ㣡˵
īһͷߡ
ô˵ɣҿųī˵ҲµûӦòڷˣ
īһ뵽Լ¶ݣϲû¶̫ı飬Żҡ
˵ֵط˵Сƶ񤣬طȱû˭ὫĿͶǸطԣǸطĳ̶ֳ˵ҲȫĲ֮ءΪҪǸطҲһķŪáͻΣա룬ҪһķڷǲĳЦǸǸˣ
ǲڷʲôϵīŻҡ
˵Ѫϵ˵һ£ӦǱˣڷɳģ
īŻңһ
Ҳ˵Լ²ǰٷ֮ȷԡǰ˾Ųʮģһƶ˵ǲ֪㸸ĸλҲĹģȻҰֱӶ˭ҲֲˣԼ޷ֵĵطǵӹ󰡣һʲôҲû취ڵһʱ㣡
ô֪ڷûĸīŻҡ
𣿡ҿųī
īʱ
ɣڻ壬Ż˫ĳƺţһ⣬Ȼ˵ͨ˵֮ѪŻὥѣ֮ǰѵѪһû˵ԣѪ϶ǿ󣡡
īŻңѪܲ𣿡
ҡҡͷѪ϶ǲⲻģҪô֪ЩǿѪ飬ҪôԼԸ˵ȻĻѪ޷ġ
ʲôīŻҡ
ѪǿȣǿԲԵģҿųī벻ԣ
īޱĿŻңˡңó⣬֮ǰ֮ϵĵȼϵ㻹ûҡ
Ҳһͷߣؼ̫֪ʲô֪Ҹ˵Ҫң㱻˼˻ð˼Ǯ
ˡīѡ
ȿȡҿųīǽݰɣ


ңңڴˣīΪֵܣԸиͬͬѱ˴ˣҹڵϣһׯϵĴġ
ңīڴˣīΪֵܣԸиͬͬѱ˴ˣīڻҵԣͬһׯϵķġ
īʱѾȫ˻ҶԼôõԭ
ǸֱˬˣȻ׿ȴϲҴţ¶ǳī΢ġߡҲϵ̬ȣ֪˳īеһС
棬ֲҲǿ塣
ҲһЩž޵ĴܣЩ꣬ȴЩ˺˵ξء
˻һֻʣ»ҺֳХˣǻ콾
ҵĸ绢ХѾԽ뵽ĵڶ㣬ڻУСХԸǿӲƢ𱩣Ȥսսս
ԭӦõλĻХΪ˲ֱ˺üδֱеĳ޿ֱ̣˻Хļ̳ʸûҳ˻ХʵˡҺܿġ
īЩҲЩûХҲһ⡣
ȻޱߣԴᣬȴ൱ңᱬһЩСģսλϮҲʱܻвİȫ
ȻӲɱ⡣
ǻ壬е壬ЩţҲͬЩ⡣
ԣΪ£˲šм嶼زٵһ
䣬Իһ˵ˡ
Һ̹ϣЩ飬֪˳ī
ڡ԰ܶࣻδ԰ңվ֣Բֵ̫ܣԺ󣬻ô⣡
īһһƣЦڣԸҽ֮ϵĵȼô


314 
֮ǰҸ˵ˡҿųīЦ˵
Ҫ֮ǰ㻹ø˵˵ڡȷҪˡīҲЦûʦû󹫼ôڵ˵磬»ڴţʲôʱܹͻԪأΪһߡ
ȻҲѾڳ߳ϵ֮С
ʵ磬ͬҲҪһġֻ֮ϣֶ̫Σ̵ʱ䣬쾳硣ͨ˵ֻһЩ𡣡
ʲô𣿡
һʿ൱ҪһǷһȻȴҪһڡ˵
īͷ
ȴ˵һΪ֣ͨϾƷƷԼе
īĿɿڴĿŻңͷô֣
ҵͷʵʿΪҪһأ˵ʲôĻԺĳɾжߣ
˵ţ֮ǰʵ磬ҲͬҪѾԽԽʶ㣬ܹġ֪ûУ
ţīŻҡ
˵ǾǾѪݺܶඥܵƲ⣬磬ȫǺȫѪڣܹеô䣬δسߣ
ȫǡȫѪīǳ˳飬û˵
Цſһ۳īֵܣ˵ۻпãԵˣϣƷƷȫǺȫѪͱˡ˵ˣڲѾʱˣ㲻ȥԣҲˡ
īЩֵĿһۻҡ
˵ȫǣвأͻ᳹׷ϵɲ츳þܶù飬һǵʱһһ϶ٲȫѪвأͬһ
˵ţһ۳īע˵ĻвءʿðɣСû⣡еʿʱ򣬶ûκȫǺȫѪ𣿾볢ԣҲûôԣһԣͲвص⣬ȥˣ
ô¡īµĿһۻҡ
ϻ൱£룬ɽġǵһ˿ֵɾ磬Ҳû˵ַӡ˵
īͷ˵ԼȫǺȫѪʱȻʹޱȣɵʱҲû̫Σաʱ֪ôɾȻΣյĻ᲻Ȼô治˵ˡ
Һˡͷ˵磬ģҲˡ츳޹أյԴйأֻɽǵĵ޵ģҵ˼𣿡
īͷ
ҽ˵ԴԴģԹġƾҩģܹˡָ
ɽ磬ʱһ˵ҲЩӵܣӦûǿƷģƷҲ붼룡
磬ҲûжˣܴﵽƷΡ
˵еǶǴ˵ʱר
Ұ˵һѣȻųīȻʶ˸ңôԱ֤ṩĲϣ׼ƷĲϡƷҲƷ⻹Ǿȫ֮ɵģԣҲܸ㱣֤ܼƷĲϡ
īȻ֪Ĳ϶ʲôͨҵĻܸоͨһʿ˵ҲǸ൱⣬˵Ͼˡ
īرģΪвл¯
Ŀ꣬Ʒǡе
ײȫǡȫѪôڣʲôȥ׷ǸĿأ
ôллˡīȭ
Ұڰ֣ԼֵܣҲϣδɾܸܺߺܸߣָǿ֮󣬰ء
һī˵
ܹͬʩչҲȫͬġ̾˵һʮɣôеԷӳʮƷԷӳʮɣƷԷӳųɣԷӳ˳ɣϾ߳ɣͨɡ֪˰ɣ
Ҳ˵һеʿ׾ٵѹһͨʿ԰ɣīʵ
ɱ˵еʿɱͨƷǾԵѹƣͬΪͬȴܱ෢ӳɡ뿴ɣ
īͷаģһҪеȻĻҾѾ뵽˻磬кܳʱ䣬ҿʱ䣬ѰңЩϣ
ҿһ۳īȻЦȻʶʱ䲻ֵܡҲǧҪȥʵʵΡɣһᾡƷĲϣ
һԶأ˵֮ľɡī΢΢һЦ⡣


315 ʮ
ȻѾ˵ڻᾡȻϣԺīǿˣȥ壬ǻҵһͶʡƺһīͿİõȥܻҵİīҲǷ̫࣡
ҿԺܴ󷽣Ժ飬īȴһ׶ûС
Ƿ̫࣬վγɾ޴ܵʲôʱĵ׵ͷͨ
ߺһ֮ܳһ·Ƚˡ˵֮ǽᵤԼ򵥺ܶˣʲôͻʲôĽ𵤣ȫע֮Уӵ𵤵۷壬ͻ˱ԪӤ
Ӥʿĵڶ˵ԪӤڣ磬һٽ㣬Էˣ
īϣ¶֮ɫ
˵ԪӤڣɽٳɹߣɽ磬ڣڣԷֳڶԪγĵڶ
ڶīһۻҡ
ԣַɸڵַȫһҵһȥԼĵڶᳬԽӵޱȿֲҵУ¶֮ɫҾһڵʿڶȻһߴ޽ɵ˵ķʵֱǿ޷󣡡
ȻôǺβɴīʵ
⣡ЦȻٶȡȴҪȱķѵԴҲȱòʧ
īͷ
֮ϣǴ˾磡˵˾磬ɽ磬Ҳʿˣﵽһٽ㣬ϣǷڡ
ôīʵ
ҵͷڣһδ٣ޱȿֲһʧܣǷǣٲԣ콾ԷڵĴ٣Ҳ˿
ǡأīŻңʿԪӤںͷʱҲ𣿡
һҡͷ
̫ƽˡīҡͷЦ
˵ˡʵܹƽ̾Ϣν٣ȻһʵϣֺγǶʿһִʿͬľ磬϶ɽʿʿһɹ٣ôеͻһʵת
ǵҲǸʿһī˵
Ѿƽˡҿ˳īһָۣҵĺӣؤҵĺվһ𣿡
īȻ̶ҡͷ
ǲˣϣоԵĹƽƲƲ죺˵磬ɲŬĻһҲߣȽһ죬㵽ͻ֣ᷢһвߡ
졭ߡīǳ˳顣
˵ĵ꣬벻춼ѣ
ðɡͶ̥Ҫɡī˸ۣ˵硣
ڽ磬֮ϣǴ޽ɣڣָǸڵļһж̬˰ɣãȻҵһߴ޽ɵ˵˵ţҪơ
⡣īѡ
޽֮ϣɣ֮ϡɣɡǵҿųī֪Լкܳ·Ҫ˰ɣ
īʵ֮أ
ûĵ̫øԶ꣡ŻǸī͵֮ϣǿߣ
ո˵ȫǡȫѪепܳԽ𡭡īŻҡ
ЩεĿųīðɣֻһ˵һ˵ˣĻôпɾֻڴ˵еġۻʾ磡
ֻǴ˵ôīһ䡣
ҵͷֻǴ˵
ðɣȳŬɣī˵
̲סЦҾϲɵ
īһͷߵĿŻҡ
˵㽫һ죬ܹΪ㹻ʸӻһˣ
磬ʲô磿īȻһ䡣
ҿһ۳īһЦôǷڣ
˵ǽɽ硭ֱǺɨīŻ˵
ǣҺһһĿųī˼Сӣ֪жˣϽĤҰɣ
īﹾһ䣺Ȼ޽ɶҲôǿ
ͨ
Դһ죬һͷԵһԹĿųī
÷ڵĴܣȻһʮǧѪˣϻбô
㲻ܴôҿųīҪ档
һСīһĿŻҡ
Ҳ󰡣ŭΪҽ꼸𣿡
ѵǣīգգ۾
һų꣬൱ʮ꣡ҷŰ۵
ˣīʵ
İٶʮ꣡Цֻ൱ʮѣ
ҲǼꡭ
ʮ꣡
꣡
ʮ


316 
ջųī˲Ѫǿȵĵط
Ϊ֮ǰī˽˴絽ĵȼϵ֮󣬻ұҪųīȥѪǿȡ
ī̫⣬һζԻ
ʱ㲻ԼѵѪʲôȴ֪ܲԼѪǿȡ˵
Ҳ뱩¶Լ̫ࡣīЩܡ
İɣԵĽֻԼܹ֪Ѫǿ죬ֱϰȻңҲֻܲ²ǸѡΪͬһʱѪģ϶ֹһˣϰҲѡȥҿųī˵
Ҫôīʵ
ȻҪϵδ·˵ΪѪǿԽߣδ·ҲͻԽߣɾ͡ҲпܻԽߣ
ǲԵĽôӰԼ飿ī˵
ȣܹˣѪǿȲô飻ΣѪǿȣڻЩ콾Уǵ׵һ֣Ҳ˶һЩǿֶΣѪǿȱøǿ󡣡˵
ѪǿȡԸı䣿īŻҡ
ѣǲɣ˵˵Եɺ֮£õǿߵѪôֻҪһΣͿѪǿһΣȻ㱾ѪǿȲ̫ߵ¡
ҿųī˵һЩƷıҲѪǿȱøߡЩǿġûµʱ򣬿Զ࿴ŰϵĽѧ֪ܶʶ
īͷʵϣīŰĽѾѧ˺ܶණ
īҴ˻һ档㣬ÿһ㶼ǧˣ
˲٣;ˣˣ׷׸ҴкЦݡīı飬붼˺档
īЩĿҲǺ⣬ʻҵЩˡȫѪǿȵģ
ҡҡͷ˵ǣ滹ʮ־׼ĲԳľ硣󲿷ˣӦöѾȷѪǿȵģҪԼľ羭һʱ˶
ԭīߵЩˣ˵ͷаطԺҲҪˡ
ѵģĳЩǿߡԵϻϰ֮¡ҿųīЦôǳһϰ񡭡ÿһεĳԽõĽȻģһֽ൱ˣ
񣿡ī΢΢һüн
˵ûнҲȥ˵ĻռУÿһĻУһ񵥣񵥣ʱضпܷ仯ģߣȴȥ
˵ţҴųī˵ĴУһطȥ
ʱ転ҽܣīҲܿڵǽϣ˸߲ʻù⡣
Զǽ·һ߲ʵ֣Ψ߽ܿǽһ񵥡
ÿһ񵥣ϵ£һٸ֡
Уÿһ飬ֹ֮ڣĸһž޵콾еİ֮ϣȴֻһٸλá
īһ֮󣬽ЩףΪʲôе飬ϰˡ
˵£
սǿѪǿΪȼ񣡡ī񵥣ҲЩѪڵĸо
֮ˣ˵ԣҪǿ󣬲ţ֮·ߵĸԶ
֮ˣͬҪϽ
ûһǿʤĽȡ֮ģʧ֮·ϣҪô㣬Ҫôҷ
ԣԵİգÿһ߶Ҫٵ⡣
ǿƿԼԣߡֵֻͨҩе
ī֮ϣ˻ҵ֣Ϊʲô˿ʱ
սǿϣҵ֣ڵߣѪǿϣڵʮһΪȼϣҵ֣ȴֻڵʮλ
ЩϢ˵һ⣬ǾǣҵսҪԶԽҪԶΪȼ
Ϊⶫ֮֡
Щǧ꣬Ϊȼ˸ߣǺһ¡
ܹʮλȼΪսߵǿߣҲȷֵñ˵ء
ԭôīĵ˻һ䡣
¶һЩߵЦݣ˵Զأֻ˲İ񵥰ˣغİ棬ǲŽпֲ㡭İϣ붼ġ
ī˵ҲںأΪʲôЩϵǿŵġ
˵֮ǰ˵ģѪǿǿϰ񣬵кüѡ񣡵һֱ֣Լ֣ڰ棬磬졢ɡ磬ԼЩλ飬֪Ĵڣڶ֣ȥԼ֣ڰռһϯ֮أأ֣Ǹɴ࣬ѡȫĻ磬κ֪ʵϢ
īЦҪҵѪǿȿϰҿ϶ѡ񹫲򰡣
ȴŹ֣


317 ڴ
Գī˵ܹϰôֻҪ֪ԼʲôλãͿˣ
С󣬳īܵĽûĶһ꣬ѾԹ̫Ŀࡣ
ȫµ˶ţָоһ㶼á
û㹻Ա£ָоӲ졣
ĳīļ磬ЩͬĵܵܣǸҴ㣬Ѫǿܻһϣ֮⣬սǿΪȼʱǲҪȥˡ
ī˸ۣû˵񡭡
˵ţīһˣΪȼܺ⣬һ¡ҲܹԳսǿҪôϣѵҪڻ𣿡
ǳ˳飬һ۳ī˵Ǻϵ׶Ҫɣǰǲ硣
ôīЩ⡣
ˡ˵Ȼе룬ϲ¶ˡ
ɡīӢҲǳ顣
ÿһˣڻУеһ˽жսˡˣΪǻеĽ顣Ϊ֮⣬ûĽܹͣ˵ݡϰԵڸ˶ս֮սɺϢᱻգȻڻУսӰ
īЩԺĿĵҲԣ˵ϢǸˣ
ꡭҿһ۳īҪ飡
īƲƲ죬ЩΪȻ
ĵ籾һ˼ĵط棬Ҳͬҷ
īǳ˳飬
˵Ҳ׸Щһʶ۽ˣվһϰߡ
īͷʾԼˡ
Ҳż˵սǿʲôʱʼģģҲǺڣÿ˶ԽսҲʸûż˵㣬Ҫ˶սͿֱѡսսǿϵˡǿô֣ͻȡǣڰϣȻսӰȻȻģڻС
Ҳѡ񲻹ԼϢ𣿡īʵ
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320 ʵ
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324 
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վסϹ骵ɫѾתΪϺɫӢ˿һƬ첻ѻ˵˭䣡
ǺǣϹôԵҵϣ¶һ˿мı顣
ңұ죡Ϲ骵Ҳǵ˼£עѾߵīߵͳīڽ֮ǰȫʶģʲôδޡƭأС𣿡
īһϹ骣ҲЩͬλ幫ӣ̾ǸϹٹӣ飬꣬ȷҵδޡ
˵ţīֱǣ֡
΢΢һƺЩܣվûִӳīϣһƬ糺졣
㡭ǡϹ骴ûʹ޹ǲܶء
˭ֻҪڻдܣ϶ᱻֱ磬Զûеڶλٽ
Ѿ̫֤ѪܵĽѵͰǣϹԸҲԲȥս
ȻĻѾ˰˰ٱˣ
ǸˣϹٹӡ˵űǸȴǳ⣬ƤЦվȻ˸ˡ
ʵӺȫǣʧȥ˼ǶûŪףʲô
ǻҺϹŮôôܱ
ףϹ骸ף˿̣ȷǱ̼ˣĿųīǡܶ䣬Աӻһʱܱӻһ
īعͷϹ骣û˵ɫȴƽ
磬ѵԶڳ𣿡Ϲʵ
仰Ѿʮвˡ
īЦЦͦõġ
ã㲻һǡͲ㻹ߵˡѡийصˣСĳʲôȥ𣿡Ϲɭ䣬·зӦףҪ£һ㶼ѣ
вңīƽĿϹ骡
Ϲ˵Σ
ǡûмˣûˣûѣīЩɺ죬Ϲ骣ԭһЩͬ㣬ЩԲס㣬ϾʱûʲôڣϹ骣ߵ˺ѣҪһëļˣҲһܣ
в˭᣿˭ôǴʯͷĳģ˭ûиʣ
Ϲ骺ȻЦųī֪˵ʲôסڸ˭˵һĶҲҴԲѵҪвϹټ壿СЦ㣬˳⣬Ϲټһˣվ򡭡Ʋ
ҵ˵ܡ
Ϲɫһ䣬ңȷҪ˻ˮ
ҲмЦЦֵܣ
īŻңҪ˵жǼٵģҲЩǡ
˽磬ϹǵҲûǸܵ˽׷ɱ
ҲͬĻ壬ɾ磡
ϹټҶϵĻ϶Ƶһ
Ϲ骵ͷãܺãңסĻ
˵ţֿ˳īīǰɣҼסˣܿ졭Ϳˣ
ī˵Űɡ
֪ͺáϹЦ
ȷҪôī΢΢˫ۣϹ骣ΪһеϣΪһɫѪǿȵˣֵ
ˣϹ骵ϣ¶Ϸʡ


329 Ӳ
ֻҪȷ¡īƽĿϹ骣ҪģǾһ£һ棬ǲݡеĺϹһ׼;治ˣģʱӲÿҡҲδؽܡ
һԵӺͲʵӶ׾ˣǽԭò鲻ԸģԼ֤͡˵ġ
Ϲ骵ӣʵûܾ
ȻϹֻսǿĵһĽڴۺ͵ڶ棬Ѿ˲㣬ԣϹ˲սǿߣ
һˣ㹻ӵˡ
˵ı󣬻ϹټȻ
κͲʵ鲻Ըˣôû뵽쾹Ȼܿһ˾ʵֱ֣ǲС
Ϲͬһ׳һĿųīݣ治ģܣȷ㲻ڸ˵Ц
˿̣վڳīԵ̲꣬סüΪ־棬ȫ뿴һĻ
īϵɵ̫࣬ûȫŪأԴ˿̣Ҳʺ˵ʲô
Ǿóīôǳס
ǵϹټȻֱǰ׳յΪ
壬һ۷ʱΣλãֱӵһкüλļ塣
Ϊǰ׳ʲô
īϹ骣ЦϹ骿ʲôҽˡ
ǱӵųīĿУȤ
Ϲ骲мıȥͷУ˵ģôŰɣݡ٣
ϹīȤûˡ
һϣŻǲɱˣԼأʴʡǾͷŰɣΪϹټǳصġҵ֮죬ļȫɱˣʱǷȻƶ
һٷɢ
ʵŮȻڽ﷢鴫ȥī߳¥һ˲䣬˱ֱӱˡ
ͬʱŰϵĽֱһĳ˸ָϢ
ϹѪǿ¿Ƶһʧܣӳ֣
߳¥Ϲʧܣߣ˵Ц
һоǿ꣬Ȼ֡
Ϲٹʧܡ
ŰУ˵ʲôĶУҶף˭˭أ
ī꣬뿪֮κͲʵŮҲȥǶϹ骴˿Ѿ˱ıԵɲʱǵ
Ůոչغ÷ţֱӴӵ
Ů໥һۣ˴˼䶼̫໰Է˫֮ǰĶӹϵֶԷ
췢飬ʵ̫ĳˣһ£ŮԼ
˲ĵһˣȻһӲȥжѪһˣֺʾֱӸϣ
ĺ
꣬Ĳ̫֪ηְ
ȥȴƽ֡
ʵԥһ£ͷǾȥ

īˣһ·޻صľ¥
Ҳųī˷䣬غţ·󣬱֤û̸֮һʱüųī֪֪Ϲټζʲô
գҲųīȻҲ֪īĵʲô
Ǹ磬۵ˡīЩǸĿŻңԭһ˵顭
ƨҵĽֵܣҵ飬ʲô۲۵ġ˳īһ䣬Ȼ˵ҿҲӲѵĿ꣬ĵѵΪ˽磬ҲôҲ룬㻹һֱ˽ֵطһӲ
壬΢΢һ𣬿īĿ⣬𾪣ͬʱҲ˸ӡ
Ȼ˽磡
Ǹ磡
ѵ
ôܣ
˽ʿǸʿǿߣҲ쾳磬ôܳڻ
ҡҲǸովѪãôܣ
ˡ
īȴǵЦЦ˽硭Ҫ뿪ġ
㻹ҿųīһ
İɣ£ףϹټ磬ܹһ죬ȻĻκβңī˵
Ϲټ磬Ȼһ죬ҪԸ㡭϶Ѵ֮һū͹ţҺܲ˵ԼֵܣûҪʲô
֪ī̧ͷŻңҲô
㡭ҾԼҲ챻ˣ׳һųīΪܼܵԦ㡭ֱˣ
˵ţĵ֪λС֮䣬϶Ҫ̸ˣ̸ǵģھ뿪磬ؼ屨£Σ¸ٴĴۣҲҪסɵϻ쵰
īû뵽һôжסҵ磬ˣңһʱ䣬ڣκβҡҵ֤Լʱ䣬𣿡


330 ң
ģһɵĿųī
ģīһƶĿŻҡ
ǺãֻҪ㲻ǣʱҲκβ㣬ٿܲ취ζԹ̾Ϣһתš
ԼЩ»кͽĿܡ
ϹʲôˣǿϹټ嵱콾֮һ˵Ƕ콾ڻ˲㣬ȴǵ֮ĵһˡ
˲һˣϹټҵĹӣȻһСֱӵˣв˼Ҽ䣬ȫ˵Ϲ骽Ƕˡ
īӲѾϹ骶ԳīɱģŰ彻УЩԭͿϹ骲ˬ˼ɿ𣬶ڽ¡һȥƶ
㻢ҪŤתҲֻĸо
£̯ϣҪеͷۣīӣȴȫϹǱߵıһҵУҲЩӡ
һīϵѪԣҵϹӲֱӴӶԷˡɹˣһ棬ҲڿǣԼ˴ļһݣǶǴ
Ǹһ飬ô
뵽磬»ڵһʱ䣬Ʋī֮йϵɣ
һģ
Ǹһǫʵ黫ǸϳԿ
ôǶǴߵ棬̧ͷŻʵգ۶Դһҡѣģ
ֻʣͳīˡ
ֵǣ˰죬˾Ȼûп˵˼
ī룬Ҫô˵ȫ֪Ӧô˵
ãͬʱ̧ͷ˵˵˵ɡ
ȫסͬĵ˵
Į߰꣬Űϣһ˿糺֪Ϊʲô˾ȻĬ
ջ˿ڡ
㵽˭㡭ô֪ģʵûͷûβġ
īȴ˵ʲôΪոֻ꣬ô˵һ仰Ϲ˰йͨ˰졣
īʱ˵ϣһ仨
֮
ΨоĻ壬ʸǶ仨ҲǳīĻ
īȻǶ仨ʲôȷǼ
굱ʱ˽ʱ򣬸ī֮ȻûرϵʵжѾ˱˴ˡ
Ǹʱ꣬䱻ӡûرԼǸƯ
ļûбӡôīڼ޸ī֮ǰóīǶ仨
ԣīһ䴫Լûоʲô˵ȴͬ
ܹ򶨣ûϹ骿쳣Ѿļˡ
ոջһ뿪ʵ⣬֪Ϊʲô꣬Щ졣
ָоܲϲҲܷС
⣬ǲʸô꽫ʳѰ
˵δ򡣡īЦĿꡣ
أҪ˵˵һ䣬עųīȻĻ֣Զٽ磡
𰡡īʱˣ˵ǧ࣬ײҵ㣬ôҵƤӵ붼룡
㵱ʱһ߷˽磬Ѱһˣ԰ɣīʵ
ô֪ĿųīǾ߷ȷȥ˽ѰԤеǸˣɺ׷ʲô飬ȫ֪
һ㣬䱻ӡҲܾ֮ܽκ壡
һ㣬Ա֤
Գī˵δȫš
ļ֮ԱӡΪľ̫ǿӡʶû͸˽֮ıݣǿʶҲ޷֧ŷ˽
ڵһʱ
ΪҾҪѰҵǸˡī꣬Цţȴʹš
һʧˣôϤ˴ˣôϲԷȴͬİ·һ㣬ˡ
ҲţĮȻ˵˸űĹâһͨʲô;֪顣
ôô϶īһ꣬ЩΣҲЩۣͬʱ⼸ãȻ
ǰŮӣģһģһȴһԳһԸȫͬ˫̥á
ΪŮӣޣ˵㣬Ȼ˵ҵδǻԣô㣿
ޣЩžѪ顭ô£īʵ
Щ죬ÿŰĽɲǰ׷ѹġ
ЩĿһ۳īЩͨľ飬ңǻ壡
ʹûй˵ģīҲִš
ûУ䣬һİ˰㿴ųīûй
ϤİĿ⿴īЩʹ΢ЦŵǣǾ߷ȴû˵ϲңҲϲ
ĮĿųīң


331 ī

īһ˫һĨʹ֮ɫȴȻЦ꣺ΪʲôϹ骵ĺѡأ
Ϊ֪ҵܣҪŪȻɱ㣡ü䣬һĨΪɱ
ɱңīЩĪĿ꣺ɱҡʲôã
õģ˽磬ľ粻죬ɱ㣬ľشҲҲԻһ׳գĮȻ˵
ǸˣǰɣīһЦꡣ
ͷԤԡʱҲǸˡ㡣
˽Ψһһܹˡī˵ң֪ܶ飬Ϊһ𣬳Ϧദ˺ܳʱ䡣
˵ţī̧ͷ꣬¶Цݣ֪Ϊʲô֪һĻô
Ҫ˵ˣǻԣֹһ˫ޱȵĹâٸ˵ھɱ㣡
īȻ΢ЦЦУˣ֪ķ֮ǰ˵һ仰ʲô𣿡
Ҳ֪˵ӶЩ
ȫųīĻ𣿻ǲԼķȻ˾ԵĽɡһࣿ
Լû֪Ҳûܸ
īȻ˵˵磬ǵҵӣҡ𣿡
ܣžɫһƬ࣬ŭųī˵ѣ
֪û˵ѡīע˫Ҳ֪˾Ĺأİġ
˵ɱ㣡УͻȻһѱ̹ǵĳֱָīüġ
ɱңīӾԼüĲһָǰѷĳʮĿꡣ
㣬˵Ҿɱ㣡֪ΪΣųī˫ڴ۾Ȼֵĸо
˵˵ķȥ˽ҵĿİɡī̾˿ȫǵˣȴģһҪ㣬ֻҪģһȥ¡ȫܽҡ
͵ңԼĳŵɣīǰվȴ˪Ů˵˵ɡ
̫ûܰﵽҡһ˵ԤԴˡ
ʱķ˽ʱ̣˼䣬˵Ҫ˽һˣܹﵽǵˣȻ󿴼ңϲңҲȥǸˡīЦЦȦˣʵ֪Ǹʱ㣬Ѿ֪Ҫҵ˾ңǲȥɣ뺦ң˵Ǹ˲ҡ
Ž֣Щ΢΢
ʵڣѾȷԤҪҵˡ
췭ظħ١
ǳī
֮ˣѪ֮
ϣնħ
˾ԤԣǾĳϣΪۣݳġ
壬дȶ׼ȷԡȴӹɵġ
ʱԤָ֮·˽硭
īǰ˵֣ͽгīܹ˽ֵطֱӽ뵽綼ܹĻ磬ʵѾ㹻˵ˡ
ô岻ܰ壬ȻĻᱻȥ
塭ԣ
Ϊϣ縺˥
ΪĹδŮȫûʸκˡ顣
ʵϣСһֱҲôģ
࣬䣬Ծ֮ˣȫûκθо
˭뵽ӡȻǵ档
һ뵽ԼķȻһ꣬ңܸԷ֮˼ܵĽӴ棬һޱǿҵĸС
ϴˢԼס
ʸûУ
ΪǸ˵ˣ𣡡
ô졭ҵҪô죿ľˮ꣬˿顣
̧ͷ˫ڰ׷ӣġûɵĳ鴤һ¡
ʱ򣬳ī¶֮ɫ꣬ȻһȻ˵ɱңܽѣǣְɡ
㣬ôųī
¡īشʮָɴ࣬꣺Ҫ˭
ҲĽǰһָޱȵĽ⡭Ѿīüġ
һɷ˲γͷϡ
Ҳ磬һ󡣡ī̾
ҽǴ󡣡˵
Ϊʲôѡأī˿̣絶ʣԥҲ׾岻ͨ飬Ժʲô
Ҳܡ΢΢˫ۣ˵
ˡīͷŰϵ֣ī
˵꣬ǰһײ


332 Ұ
ۣ
ǷޱȵĽ⣬ֱӴ˳īжȥзüġ
Ͳᡭ뿪ˡ㣬ȥҡܹˡҰɡңûгǰ
ī˵ţһգ
һĿѪ˳üĻ䡣
㡭ڳīײһ˲䣬ɿĽȴˡ
úȻɿ֣Ȼڳīüģųī壬
Ϊʲô˲£֪Ϊʲôڳīüײ򽣼һ˲䣬ʹüܺˮȫƲסʳ
ǵγͷķȻƺԥһ£Ȼ󡭡Żɢȥ
һУȫ֪
꣬޸оЩ
ɲ֪ΪʲôԼǰĻ˵ʹ
껺ߵīǰ֣ڳīϣµĿųīȻŵ۾
ûȫɢȥУģанѣΨûп־塣
оԼĶһҪĸоָо𾪣Ҳ̿֡
ΪʲôΪʲôҶһöˣȴ˸飿
ΪʲôҽӴ飬Ӧøеģе񣬿ɸȴûָо
ȫҡΪѣӦÿģֻǸɵ˰ˣΪʲôѹ
˭ܸң
ᣬεδ¡
˵ᣬõҩɽһжѡ
Ҫõᣬȴǲܵһ飬ΪǴᡣ
ΪʲôҪô
ʵ˵Ļ
˵ÿһ仰ҵ
ˣʧˣÿһ仰ҵ
Ϊʲôôɵɱ㣬Ҹ²ȥ֡
ڳīߣ£ųīͷԼϣճյĿųīİȴޱʹ
ʵܾϹ骣ߣȫΪǾ仰ΪҲߣ
裬𣿡
ϵˮϵ£ĺӣްĮ
űƿĿɿڴĿŷһĻǾҵĳ鴤ţ˶ȫɵˡ
ԼĽֵܡȻˣ
磬ڻҲ͵ʵˡ
֮ǰ뵽ֽȴû
ī϶ŮйأԲɱȻĻŮͱķȥˡ

ãҲ̾ϢһĹšһɬȥйߵһˣ˵ȥϹ骣īˣ棬
ǸŮһ͸īϵǳŭܷͷϣȻԼ͵֮鶼ᰲϢ
Ҫģ
ַԸҪչأ޽ɡ
ҿţţ궼֪ȴһûжųīѾ佩Ӳ壬﷢
ҵķʵң䱻ӡֳԸӦòʵһ桭
ԸΪȥһܰңȴ
ܹԲ쾳ʵ˽뵽磬һǸž޵ţҡҶʲôѽ
ˮϵڳīϡϡ
ûңҪܶ꣬ܳΪһԺյǿߡ棬ˡ
ȴûκΰ취Ҳ塭һСԲ𣡡
ĶԲ𣡡
Ȼī˵Ǿ仰Űϵ֣ī
ʶģȡŰ壬ʼѰܿģҵīΨһһϢ
̣ǽ뵽λ棬Ϊ᲻ܵӰ죿᲻Ϊıʧȥõļ䣿
ٿЩش𣬺ͳī˵ĸл
ܹ뵽īڸлЩʱϵı顣
ʱһܿģ
촽ˮͬߵӡ
ʱ򣬳ī壬ʼɹâʧڿС
ųī壬еޣɢڿС֣ƺҪץסʲôȴʲôץ
۵
ǰѽڵϣͻȻķѣɺܶƬ
һ˵ġ
Ҳ㣬ȥѰκȥ
īҳϡҵķңȷǰ㡣ԣҵ꣬ѾǴˡ
ҲΪŮһȥ̳ߵݡ
ҲֻȻ˵ѡǾһеˡ
δΣңġδޣ
磬ټˣҲˡ
˵ţοʼġɢС


333 ҳӵģ
ѪǿϵĵһľŮ꣬ͬ꼻һ֣ʧڻ磬ʧӰ١
Ҳû˼
һʼܶ˲Զʧڻ磬ʱƣһȥ˶ʶƺǸռ˲ѪǿľŮĲٳˣ
ͬʱҵĽֵܳīҲʧӰ١
˵˵ģҲ˵Ϲ骣ҳ˵ģи׵ģ˵ǸŮһˡ
˵ʲôĶУ廨š
µĵˣҲǺʲôŵĺ
ӣԳīȤͦģ׷ʹҼΣīȥˡ
ÿһΣҵĻشһˣҲˣ
ϹҲǲŵģˣ
ΪȻ뵽һ飺壬ͨ飡
ǸѪǿȼߵľŮôһ꣬˵δأ
Ϲ֮ЩģЩʧ䣬ôƷһŮҪܸŲںʲô岻ͨ顣
ϹټңһٸҲǲ
֮飬ƽĺˮżȻһ㣬һ˻һ
Ȼ˻СվƽϢʱ
ʵƽϢٶȡǳ졣
Ϊزˣ
زĳǿߣһأ˵Ǹطд컯ǿǰᡣ
һ޴Ļսȥֶȫʹˡ
콾ҵĸ绢ХյõǷݻԵһ룬ȴֱӱ˸߼ͣ˰µʱ䣬ͱҵ֮ɱĳء
˵еĶԹǣӲ٣ԻХּǿߵġȴ࣡
ΪХȻǻĵȴǻһϣ
ϣֱ֮ӱɱȫŭˡ
ͨ˵𣬺˻ôɡ
ľôˡ
ңĻ壬ӵܣڻزеõԵЩˣͬ˸߼ͣȻ󱻰ɱڸڵĵط
һ£ҲãҲãˣ
Ѿ߰˸壬ȫ׷顣
¾棬ССҲͰˣɱӵܣκһ嶼޷ܡ
ϴҲ֮
ļȫУѪսȻɱ⡣
Ҵӱչбѣֱ뿪˻磬ص˻塣
һ棬ҪŴĺ£һ棬ҲΪİȫ롣
ΪԷȻҰɱХһҰɱң
ʿ֮ײҵѰ
زĶңֱӰ쵽˲㣬еˣֱӿ֮һ
콾ٻڵ硣
ԣ޾µĻ磬һΡЩˡ
һüĿòʮӢİ꣬ڻԴĴϣУżãң֪ʲô
ţһɫҩſڣ룬ȥ
һĻƣ꣬ʱЦӭ
鵤õĻƲô飬ʱе˴ȫ뿪ص˸ڵĵط»ʷǰ
ϰӯŵ鵤ûƸеʧ䣬Ϊͬϵѹ
̫ǵĴȻͻ½
鵤ãֲûжôȴ磬ɽ硢Сĵҩ̵꣡
ڻеҴҩ̣ɽ磬ǧҩ̣
˵鵤ñǵ鵤÷
īѡȻ˹εġ
û꣬ɱ꽣µĳī
ڻ棬ְס
ò֮ǰҲȫͬÿһˡֻӵһŰ壬īȴӵ
һīµְס
͹ãҪѡʲôֵҩһӦȫһ飬ǰ꿴ȥٷ磬Ȳ
ʵǸͨͨģҲͬ飬ΪѾһ죬ÿ鵤õˣʮ
ⳡҷ֮ǰǸһĻ
죬鵤õſڣųӣֵ˳Ծ
īһۻƣ˵Ҳ򡣡
ЦһõĻ˵ûϵţ˵ʲôҩģ
˵˵ţɾͱЩӲüͷҲ΢΢
ҩʲôţһ֣Ѿżַŭˡ
û취鵤õˣͼҩƣҲôӲ˵īϹˣ̬ȣҲһűš
鵤ýа壬ȻؼҳӦҪǲͣã
鵤þôе
һ˵īҩģˣҲװˣ俴ųī
īȻ֪鵤úţĻƼӶܴԣҲգЦЦҩġ
һ⻰ʱˣЦ
Сӣôˣ鵤ҳӣ


334 鵤
һЦҲǱͻŪʮƣû¶ɣھŵˡ
ȻģܿΣôֲϲá
īǳ˳飬֪鵤úţĻƶܺᣬû뵽ᵽֵز
̧ͷЩĿ׼ߣ첲ӵĻƣʵƽʱôģ
Ϻǡ˵˵Ǹô⣿СһŴīˣһ˫۵ɵøͭƵģͲĭûɳ
Ҳóīüͷˡīһ䣺̬ȡܰô󣬿ˣȷǵҩ
Сӣ˵ˣһȻӸ¿ųīҲˣҪ˵һүͺúýѵѵصС̽˵ĵ
ˣ˵ĵ׵Ķࡣī˸ۣƷ֮ǰӳһƿҩ˵צˣ˿ЦȥƿҩøǴƹȥҪ˵ҪҲʰԼųȥ
ƽӹҩƿȻɳмеǶ˼ֽ
С򶨵Щûס
תһ룬ֹ鵤ƭļһȻ࣬ҲûСû뵽һԼǲ
СӺݺʰһ٣ȻץӦáҲСһɣ
ѹͲһСƨӵóʲôĵҩʲôɫϾȥɣͨƷҪƳͨƷĵҩҲǲأ
ʮа˾ţͨƷﲻ
ǲ
˽ĵҩȼַǳģ֮ϣҩɫĵȼ֣ͷǳˡ
һҩĳɫһȼֱͨҩϾҩҩɼҩ켶ҩеҩ
ͨҩַΪƷ
鵤г۵ĵҩɫ붼Ͼҩ֮ϵˮ׼żһЩɫĵҩ۸ǳ
ɼ켶ɫģҪƣһҪԼ׼ҩģ⡭ܱ֤ٷ֮ٳɹ
Ͼɼ켶ĵҩżȻ̫ˣ
ʦʦҲ˵Լɼ켶ҩһܳɹ
˵еҩǸͱˣܴﵽεĵҩѾԣȲ˵ûƳֵҩҲµġ϶ߣ
еҩһƳɹֱӾͻǻۣӵв˼ǿ
ǵҲ޷
˵УߣеҩǸ֮ĹϵҲǴƽȻ
˵СϷݵģͦʵİЦؿһ۳īһĵҩƿֳȥʲô
˵ţҪīץӳȥ
еȷǲܶ䣬еĵ̣ȴȨϳһ
⣬ǻԵ̾Ӫߵһֱ
ΪЩ̣Ҳǰװռõģ˭ȭͷ󣬵̾ͻᱻ˭ռȥ
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һУѭġ
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Զٸκ⣡
󶼲ʹ
ڳīɫóױ䣬׼뿪鵤֮ǰһȵȻ
һȡ
һˣҩ̡
ԭŰ裬ҪԼĻƣˣһȻ˵ϣ̬ɸŵ֪
ˡ΢΢һüֱӴƽҪ˵Ļȵ鵤ãǿƣΪõĵҩ鵤õˣţΪҩˣҪǣ鵤ãȴҪİ׳գ֤м֤һ£͸Ҹ¶ۣʲôǴʦ𣿸ƿӾܱҩĳɫ˵鵤κĵҩ˶ҹԺҿ㣡㱻ˣ
ɫĽƸ˸ѪͷóīеֵǣƲûκξɥԽһ¶֮ɫƨˡ
Щƣȫҳ
ߵĶҲ̵ƹһȥѮҵߡ
֮߳󣬿ˣƺҲһҪкֱֹס
ϡ治˵ʲô鵤ãҲͿ๦ߣʸҲϣȻ󶫼Ҳܰ˲ƹ֮λϡ㿴¶һȺʲô˵ƽ˵Ļȴܲ
Ѯȴͷͷϵ亹ˣԲ𡭡ȫҵĴ
ٺһ꣬ɾίʵ
ίίлȿȡлˣѮߵϣҲ¶˿ı顣
ǽһԵĳīԼˣĿɿڴ


335 봺
ʱ˲תųī΢΢һЦǸϵίˣǸǸ
ˡֿʼˡ
ЩƣһҲȫ¶֮ɫ
¶֮ɫڰ֣ˣǸøʲô͸ʲôȥⰭۣ
Щƴ˿һɴ⣬ɢȻӦôĵط
ƺҲûиһʶ˼ǿųī΢Ц
īܸо˿϶һ˲õĴȻĻڰƹ񶼸ų
鵤õƹ񡭡Ȩ
īŰϿǿˣ˺ܿ϶˵־ʿ鵤õƹ񶼿磻Ե̸ܹͬЦ
ô˾ǺҲΪʲô˲㣿Ϊʲôܰ鵤õƹųУ
ôһīеǹӶɢ˲١
ţǸһ鵤õˣ˼ҶǸˣ
ţī΢Цŵͷûʲô˿Ҳϰˡ
ϵĬˡ˿ųī֪ǷϵƲһ𣿡
īͷ֮ã
鵤ãɲΪŰģҩģ
Ϊĵҩ̵꣬鵤òȻҲ
ġ඼ԭϣҩģĲ֮ࡣ˵Ʒĵҩ鵤ûĺٻṺ
ܹﵽƷס
Ʒ׵ĵҩô׾Ƴģ
Ա˵Ǿ޴⣬Գī˵Ĳʲô⡣
¯Ȼûг׻ָ۷״̬ƵƷʵĵҩȫڻµġ
ɼ켶ĵҩҲûа취ƣīһۻ¯ĵ֮󣬾ʱͷΪҪĲϣʵѲ
ܸṩ㹻Ĳϣô켶ĵҩ¯ҲƳ
īƿҩֻһƿԪָģֵҩһ֡
ִͷԶ׼ⵤҩֻ֮ϣԪӤ֮µʿáɽ磬ڷֵҩЧ΢΢ͬˡ
Ҳû취īʵƼԪԪģʵòǮ
⣬˽µʱ䣬ڻռҩġ
вæȻҪռЩҩԳī˵һ޴⡣
ҩռˣȻֻ֮䣬ҩ˵һ̣ǡ꽣ʱīһ¶Ц
ҩȻôҪΪҵʵҡ
īո˵Լ㹻Աһԡ
һܹƳƷʵҩֻҪ㹻ϣͿƳɼ켶ҩʦǰһϹټңƨ㣡
īĻȥһУҪƷϹټҵĻƾһı£Ҳûпܣ
֮һĵܹΪһӵľ¯
īʱ䣬׽Űϵĸְɨһ飬Ҳ֪
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ڳīջ¯ĵǰٷ֮ٿԳɹģ
īʲôҪ
Ҳ֪ǵĵΪ˱أ켶ҩļǮ˵īɵû¯
ȻʱڣҲŲīīӵɼ켶ƷʵҩĲϣҲóһš
޶ΪԼл飬һ㡣
˵ܹƷʵĵҩĿǰ˵Ѿ㹻
īŵֱһң֮˳ųī΢΢һЦ˵·봺鵤һ£񣬻ϵܺ
ī봺֣϶ʱ¶һĨ֮ɫװģʵϡҪǿԵĻīԼһ㡣
֪ΪʲôոЩǻķӦˣҲΪʲôƹ񣬼ˣ˵ΨΨŵŵ
봺鵤õھŵң磡
šҾȻۿһ
Խɵĵ
˿ܼУ
⡭ô
īУֱˡ
ʱ䣬ī̫֪ʶŰȷǸöܹ̫мֵϢ
ī֪鵤ãΪŰ壬ͬʱҲ֪鵤һĶУǰλˡ봺
ŰϵϢ˵봺Ψһһ磬ȻڹµĴС
λүƺûԼһУϲ飬ǵߣָʲôط
ϢˣԼۼ봺
ɵ˺ܶ࣬īʱҲǸš
ڡȴɲš
ī𾪵ı飬봺΢΢һ飬͵һ㶼𣿡
ҪǶԷǵīһƳȥŰϵϢֶˣӵ͵
ְף봺īվŷ봺ʩ


336 
ɣϿңʦǺҲ
봺ĻīĶʱ΢΢һɫĿŷ봺
봺Ȼû˵꣬˵ȻƳƷʵԪǸ֣˵˵˵һʶأ
˵ţȳīش𣬱ҡҡͷ˵ѽܹƳƷʵҩĴʦôܻԪֵӵĶ̧ͷһ۳ī봺Բüµһ˫ۣ˲âȻһţȴóīһ˲䣬ֱ˳׿ĸо
ľôôͣȻû磬СһɲһѪˣȴô
봺ĵųī
īͷ亹ðˣͻȻðǰīָо·Լ͸ģ
˿˿۵ķֱ˹ȥ
λУո鵤õĻƹʱһģ࣬ѹȵЩ˼ֱЩѡڳīǰȴǳ⣬ǳɣһԼһ
봺˳ī֮󣬱ջĿ⣬˵ô˵Ӧ磬ʦӦһž޵ʦҺܻɣƳ߼ĵҩ𣿡
īһЦвϣԪԪȻá
봺ڰ֣ҡͷ˵˵ұԪԪֶΣһԪȻܹԪԪ
˵ţһ۳ī˵ʦƳƷʵĵҩ𣿱硭ɼ硭켶
봺˵ţĿ⵭עųīڵǿȴ˲佫ī֡
һУ˵һСһǴ޽ɡ˾ġȫκθӦ
ƷʵĵҩѾǺ˲𣬿ƳɼƷʵҩĻǾͲ˲𣬶Ĵʦ
ˣġᱻ˷ģ
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īҡҡͷ촽û˵һĨɬƺЩݡ
ˣ磬ʦһ˵ˣԪӤ磬ƳƷʵԪôҪ޽Ǹ磬ֻҪڡӦþͿƳɼƷʵĵҩˣ봺ųī˵
ڡôī΢΢üͷ˵ʦ˵һδ٣᲻ҩ߾硭
봺ЦЦ˵ʦǸмصˣķڣͻ֮ʱȻִ٣콾ǻ٣ٵʿպĳɾʮа˾Ż߳ûЩһ˵ȻҲˡ
ī˿ҡ
ǰλŵˣɲһѰˣǵĴУһ鵤ñĵУ˵ѣѶȲһĸߡ
ڷ봺û꣬ȻԱ˽磻벻СһϣȻӵеʦ¯
ǰε֪ƿĵҩһƷʵԪأī¶Щ档
ʼգ봺ûд򿪿һۣװƷԪ鵤ҩƿҲûй¶ʲôϢƾʲô϶ģƶ
봺һЦųīˣ鵤õˣ
īЩĿŷ봺鵤õˡô
ֻң봺ųīˣȻǲôģ
봺һ˵һ߽ⵤҩƿ򿪣һԪ鵤һЦ˵Ʒʰɣţףѽ
봺һʼϻһ˿ЩƤЦݣͬһͯ㣬ҩʱ۾һӵɵúԲƺЩţ˲𾪡
ţ봺ϵı飬Ľҩڱţ૵ɫѾƷе۷壬ֻһ˿ɴﵽɼƷʣһ˿Ϊַԭ򣬶⼸ҩģһҩҲʧ£ֻܴﵽ̶ֳȡǡֶΣϲŴڵĿܡ
˿̵ķ봺ûһʼԻƹʱ࣬Ҳû˸ոոīʱɣصЩ񻰡
գȴţΪ봺еľȫеҩϡ
һֶΣǵŵʱ򡭡ҲƲƷʵĵҩ봺ૹţȻ̧ͷĿ⣬ͬ˲īǴʦʦҲƳƷʵĵҩҩޱıҩ棬һ˿һɢⲻܣ
һ䣬ʣȴͬӴһ㣬˲ڳīʶը
īʶģͷϡ


337 ͸
ڷ봺ڳīʶըһɲǣīؿѾ뵽еĲ棬˲һɱ
һǳϸ΢ȷ˿Ҫϸǧ򱶵ɱȴīʶУ봺˲ն÷飡
ͬһεս
īȴܵޱ˲ᵽɤۣţʶָһƬ
ʲôīһãȻŷ봺
봺ɫ粻Ŀųīһ˫·Ǻԥһ£΢΢һЦ˵ûʲô˵˵
ı𣿡ī۷ŹĿŷ봺дżС
봺һʧСӵıӦһ˲õʦ
ʦҲƲֵҩ㵱ĵŵʱȻƳɼĵҩҲƳһЩ켶ĵҩ봺õһö켶ƷʵԪһŵҩ÷봺ֵĴУһգ׻ָΣ
˲ָ
ֵҩѾҩˣ
һֱ죬봺öҩϣûõ
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봺ûдţҩֶΣֻܴﵽʦ磬ʦкԶʶҩȴ뻯
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һԪ鵤ϣȻ÷봺˲õܡ
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ٵܳ׹缸˾֪
ΪˣԻ¯䣬Ѿκϣ
飬ҲƿշȥԣûǸԵ֣ܵõ
봺ڼֻܴеƷԪ鵤󣬵һʱ䣬뵽˻¯
ԣϷֱ÷ѹī
ľ磬ôֱǾԸϣ۸˵˼¡
Ϊ㲻Ҫ봺Ҳˡ
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ûУ
Сʲô֪
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ԼոյķѹƣֱžԵģ˵īһûСһǾֻһɣ⧲֮£ҲҪС
Ȼ봺ɺĻһ䣬ȻųīʵСһȥⵤҩˣ㹻ĲϣܷԪ
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īʱҲʦˡ
봺ĵȻˣʲôʦһʦôֲܻѧĵӣǶԷƳһˣרŽиֽ׵ģ
仰˵Ͳ
ҲǣּĴʦô׸Ӵ
˵ģƷʵĵҩҡֵҩƷʣ봺˵ţһ߹۲īķӦ
īЩؿһ۷봺ѵƷʻеڶ𣿡
УżֲмƺڳЦ봺֪
١ٺ١õ޽ĴУ˿Ͼ¶֮ɫȴǳ⣡
һδȫûСһͲ֪Ʒʵҩ֣ȫûȣһȽϡԳīĵҩ˵һ衣봺ţٺЦ˼
ЦʲôĪǡĵҩƷʵҩãī˲һĨĹâ俴ŷ봺õĴУƭһСӰɣ
봺а治ƭȻСһһᷢĲ𣬵ʱǼǺң
ţ봺ЦСС֮ĶȾ֮ݵˣƭһСӣ
ǾͺáīͷȻż֮ɫ
봺˵ԪҩģھͿṩ㣬ṩһöԪĲϣҪ֤ʮöңжģҲֻ鵤ãڶһǱˡȻûöԪҾͰնöļ۸񡭡ֱӸ㸶Ǯ
ǮīУһĨײ̰
쾧ʯ봺ƷģԸϵļ۸࣡
ãǰݣȻһԾŶǣ¾ôˡīһӣŷ봺⣬ǰ׼һöָװЩҩģȻһθôܹ࣬ʮŵҩľͿˡ
봺ؿһ۳ī˲ɣΪһЩҩģ
ҩģҲˣīʵ
λֻôһֵġ봺˵ûᴢָ顣
һöָѣȫһöĶһ㶼ϡ档
īЦЦͷǺãǰ׼ȥɡ
봺ͷȻ⣬һ¡


338 ǲɵ
īһ۷봺
㣬鵤õĿʦ봺ն˵
ңīĿ͵Ŀŷ봺鵤õĿʦ˵ǰû°ɣ
ȥһ㱳ˣشҰɡ봺ʱƺָһӦеȻƽ͵Ȼȴһɲɵζġ
Ϊ鵤õĿʦкô𣿡īٺЦţƤʵȴǺ봺ôȻȥΪ鵤ÿǣֺγڰ
Ͼ鵤֣Ȼ磬Ҳ൱ķһĿɽˡ
ô봺һ۳īݣϵ£û˸׶㣡
ģī۾˲ɵϴ󣬺ЩС¶Ƶ˷֮ɫ
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һּĵʦʸκ˶ƳֵҩˣԿ϶ǿһͿˣôȥ£
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ҪǱأīʵ
鵤òǳصġ봺˵ţֱӳһöָīȥɣҩģ㹻һöƷʵԪһºҵ㣡
봺˵ţһȻֱʧ˳īǰ
鵤õƹīͨһڳīǰһĵСĻ˲ƹ񣬼ְ׿ˣԺʲô飬ܷԸСˣ
ī΢΢һЩ
ԼСӣҡһ䣬ȻͳƬǿҩ̵Ŀʦ˿еĴˣ
ţ
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ͨƷʵԪ鵤ȡ鵤õ֮󣬸γһڵĺϵȻһ㣬鵤õƣǿ
ȫû뵽ȻĽ
Ҽ鵤УΨһһĵС̸ˣ˻鵤õĿʦֱֽ̫ˡ
īһջҪһϷصغţؿڣһĨ֮ɫ૵꣬㿴𣿾ûժ׽µľ磬Ȼϡӵһϯ֮أ
īϣƽԼ˼һ»ص˵졣
졣
ʱĳīȷһĻĸоײĽҪ׽Ļ֮á
Ѫ꣬ȻŴϻ۵ͷԣЩ˾ĸʱȻ᲻֪룬Ȼ嶯ԼϲΪѡ
ƴžʶܵشҲҪô
ⶫûеɽģȻǵУ飬δؾͱȳīķӦö١
óīû뵽ǣû뿪磬һμ˻Уλ˵еĽ顣
ˣīȷԼ֮䡭Ȼĳֹϵ
ȻĻƾʲôϸԼţ
һڣʳһ⣬ʵóī졣
ī˸ۡ
ΪʲôҪǰѽײֱ֪֪ӳȥסͻһֽصĽһ۳īЦ˵
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ɱбųī
˵ûī˵ֻڻеһС
ͿԳȫˣЩмһˡ
Ȼī˵ڳڻ磬һǸĴ󡣡
ˣԼɡԭƺ˵ʲôīһĻģҲ˵ˣһһ棬ڿС
ǳīɱ֮󣬷Щ顣
µ꣬ġʬ塱һʹڵϣģóīĺʹ
һֱն˵Ƿóī淭޷ƽ
Ҳ㣬ȥѰκȥ
īҳϡҵķңȷǰ㡣ԣҵ꣬ѾǴˡ
ҲΪŮһȥ̳ߵݡ
ҲֻȻ˵ѡǾһеˡ
δΣңġδޣ
磬ټˣҲˡ
īĿʧ˻УѾȫ˵
ôǸʲôĺӣؿųī˵ϲΪԲһУΪǵķȫķȱڶʱ㣬ôܣȴݺݵĴѡ֮ǰѡ·Сӣ˵ǲɵ


339 ȴ
īǳ鴤ţԽʣԶԡ
ϣܣ鵭˵ԭ˵һõĵطľ磬ٵڡ̼÷Զٽ硣ҷ˾ļ̳Ȩ֪ζʲôζҷ𣡡
ʲôҷ𣿡īЩ˻ƣӵ
ֻһʮѡ
ҷ𣬾ǷһС
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īȫĻʲô˫壬ʲôΨһġףֻоӡ
ңҲ˽˼ӦΪڲͬ˶
Ȼ󣬲˾ǸԤԣǵǸȹŮ
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ţû֮֮ϣȡԴһ˿˫壬Ψһġʣֱ֮ӽ֮λ˵
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ʱ˿̣ī֪صĽ龿ʲôˣҲ֪Ϊʲô֪ô飬ֻʣһͷΣܰ˺
ܰ飬࣬ӣָֻܸһ··ƽ˳ܻΣա鿴īУżִ飺ֻΪôࡣ
Ѿ㹻ˣīʩ񣺡жѣҶ
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ʲô
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黰䣬īѾ߱죬һն˽顣
꣡


340 Ӯˣ
һޱȵľޣȻֻڤ˵ĵһһĵУ̺ɱľߣҲȫûκεֿ֮
һԽ˵ȴͬ衣
īûпôģѾ㿪⾪޵һ
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ǡһƣȴֱ˳īͷǣ
īޱȵԼͷѵëȻĸоóī־ĸо
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īԺ;󾢶Ҳʱ򣬱׼
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Ҫģÿһʱĸܣʵһ
һ㣬ȴͬġ
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飡
īΣһεɳȥһƬâʧڿ֮С
⣬ѾǳīʮΡˡ
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ΪŶ̶̵ļ칦򣬳īʵȻѾɳ̶ֳȡ
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ͨսҲŪ˳īóЩ
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ȻСѪǿģ鿴һγԼǰݱ䣬һɱĳīа
ܺãȻĿųī˵ĹʽСһһǰµƣԻһУһɽһǳǰҲһһȭ顣ܺãҪ֪ƲΪڴأ
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ˢ
һ貶ĿĹâȻ˸
һͷ߸߷
īһãȻվǣɵɵĿͷĽʬڵϣɢ˶ˣӮˣ


341 
˵ķأǽ
⻰϶еģǷгʵδأ
īոյĶ򣬼˵ĸԸ̲
ǿ󣬿һȭһľ׮һȭһ¥󣬵ȴԲһȭһھ
սҪҪͷԣֻģç
һֱīʵȴ͸
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ˣ˵仰ʱ򣬳īˣͬඥһ㣬˲
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󣬽Σ³˳īǰϴżοųīô
īʵĵͷջܴ󣡡˵ţٴθʩһ
˫Ȼûʦͽ֣ʵϣѾͬʦͽһ㡣̸īģЩͼɣսľ飬Ͷ
֣ѵġ
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Ǿͱչغú˼һ°ɣȻѾˣûг׵ĽճΪԼĶҪһ¡˵
νľʵԼģ˵̤֮·ĵһʵϣľʱ򣬾Ѿʼ·չˡ
νģԼģԼҪʲô׼ˣͲҪȥı䣬ȻĻǲġ
ƾ赤ҩ˲ͨԽ׾ٵĽľǲǵҩ
ֻԼԼģԼҪʲôľġ
鿴ųīٺ˵š
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鵭һЦбµˣжҪģ
ϣбµˣԶī
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īЦЦҪ˶ˣϵǿߣ
ǲܵģѵЩǰǵҲȻѡһ·˵
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ѡ񣬵һѡһɽڶѡһ֮··ȥ׬ʮɽ
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Ϊôѡڶ·ƺڸԼȥѡһѾԱ֤һӵĸ󣬻Ա֤üӵĸ󡭡˵ԶġΪʲôҪôԶ
۲ۣ
ж︣ôﵱУֻҪһгϢģôͻȥ׬ǵڶɽˡ
ˣ˼ϽʵʵȴЩ߱ͬѡʵҲѡһ
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鴫ݸ˼룬һֱж
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ʮ󣬳īֱӳأһ磬ֱľ۷壡
ʵϣǵеЩ㣬īֱܹľȥ
㻯˲Ķ򣬳īջ񵽵ĺôġ
ʿ׷ѰŻԵѰŻԵʵϣܶʱԵߣ
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īصһֱ̣ӳ˳īǰųīϣοЦݣ΢΢˵ͷܺã
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ͷ˵ʵԪûôơ
ī΢΢һ漴Ц棬֪𣿡
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ͷֻ˲ڣܼʱʹһ˵Ȩˣҿ֪һЩ֪飻кܶ飬ȴ֪ȴ֪ģ
𣿡īʵ
ĵ˵ͷϣκ飬йġĹ˵˵Ĺ򣬻硭ȻҲлĹ򣡡
īͷȻܳ׽Ļȴǿ⡣
鿴ųī˵ҪԪͱõԣҪȥսڴۡ


342 һͷ亹
ʲôīĿɿڴĿŽ飬⣬Լǲˡ
սڴ۰ֻѾѽŽ˻磬κˣֻҪɹĻͿԵõһΣֻóĶ൱ģ𣬾磬ҲǶĻˡ˵ʲ鿴ųī˵
ȳī˵˵ҪΪϵĻ¯ܵģ
īǳ鴤ţŽ飬˵ոջǽ򣬲֪ҲȥȡܣǸ֪顭
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īǴһȻһ˫ųâŽ飺ϵģǡ
һֱ֣Ӵ˳īʣ£ҾԲ˵֡
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īԽתƻǳͬʱҲеΡ
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ȵһɡ˵
īͷߣŽ飬ǳ鴤ţϷŪң
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Ҫ򲻹飬˿õ˼
飬˭˵׼꣬꣬ꡭ˵ţĿЩӵĿһ۳ī˵Ҳ˵ʵϣ磬ڣԣʱпܻ
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˵ģѾ̫ˣδһ죬׵ġʹˣƾīôʣҲٶ˵һ䡣
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ҪǶҩô׾ܱƳ˭ǵĶ֣
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ͿڻУչֳسˡ
˼ΪһµĵȻ뷨ҿЩЦӦ־򣬲˵ȴҲʺߵһ·
ΪֻǿסЩССԼЩǿʿ
鿴ųīž˵һѣǸոյЩ죬Ƿ֮䡣
īףԭôĽ˵Լ˻¯ӵǿĵͿƳЩĵҩˡ
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Ҫǽָʱʲôȥ봺һѵҪӳ磬Զٽ
ī뵽Щ飬һͷ亹Լһ㣬ͷһĴ
ǾǳīҪĽ
ڴ˲𣬻Ҫõֲˡ
ǡ⾳磬ʲôȥսīɬĵڴ۵˲ʱֻǴڵľ磬ҲȻľ簡
ֻ˲սӰǵģȥսģܶῴһۣɱ㣡˵ΪǣԣԸ̸
̸ô̸ԷʵұƴīŽ飬ǳ鴤ţֲ


343 а
㲻Щ콾Ľ鵭һЦԼȥԣô֪ܳɹ
īҲǣȥԣô֪һأ
һֱ̣ӱֶΣ͵սĵط
һƬտԭҰһͷ
ڳīΪԼʹطʱһؼ𣺡սߣ
ǣīԥشһ䡣
Ȼ󡭡
ȻûȻˡ
Ϊɱˡ
ī֪ԼôģʲôоûУǰһڣֱӾʧȥʶ
ʧȥʶ֮ǰһ̣īԼǱ˼Ҹɱˡ
ָʶ֮󣬳īɤƿڴ顭ҹ
ಣ
Σһȣ˳īǰ
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īˡ
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˼ֻǺһˡ
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顭ôīһۣ
ȻһαͽƬտԭҰ
һΣīѧˣ׼ֱӴֹ
ʧˡ
ΪԷȫûиκλᣡ
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ڽϣīܹôսľ飬ڽڴ۵սӰϡ˶Ѿٿ־壬Щľ֮⣬īȫûиоԼκεջ
һһʮһΡǵģīѾʼЩĵԼһ쾿˶ٴˡ
˼ûˣУҲᡣÿһָʶ֮ĵһ£Ǳ뵽ƬտԭҰС
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ս㣬̫࣬ɸԷ⾳磿ī¶Էһ仰֣֮ˣټ죬˵ľ۷壬ľͣľϣ
Сڴ۵սӰһߣУ˼ȵĲм
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ô㲻ңīʱҲȥˣֻҪԷ϶Ի㹻ˡ
˵ĻᶼûУֱӱ˼ҸŪ
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ۣ
ī̲סһѪֱ߱ӳڳīУ֧ڵϡīһеСݣöᣬȴţûг׵¡
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һͷɫĳһƴڶǰס˰ֻ۾Ƥͬ񣬹ͬ˿ǵļǵϵһ𣬶˼κεë
Եĺͱݾգ¾ǱŮҲ鲻Խӿ졣
ʱĽڴۣ
䣬˧Ե
ѵ㡭һǴڣīŽڴǿֲѹҧ˵ѵһģƾʲôСң
ƾʲôС㣿ꡭʮ˰ɣĽڴ俴ųīôʱһʵѾﵽԪӤ磡쾳綼һ䶼ȥˣʲôʸսң
īһһáһϡһʮꡣ
ô޻˵ǾȥɣϡΪ㲻ϵսңͻҸжҾͲΡҿǲ֪ȱߣĽڴ˵ţҪ֡
ҳֻԪ磡
һֻһ꣡
һʱ䣬ľ
ڣǲҸҴ򣡡
䣡
ԭΪǸž޵콾ȻҲǸֻþѹ֮
ҾǼˣôذɣ㲻ҽˣ
ľϣ϶ᱻʹ⣡
Сү㣬ľҲСүĶ֣
Сү˵ˣҪɱɱüͷСүգҲɱһٶˣôϰˣ
īһŭ˵ţҲǱŭˣΪڴһԲֱɱǷŭԼ
ĽڴվüͷųīȻûж֡
ҲþѹңԼ̫īһ俴ĽڴۣǴڣڣһֻ־ѹ㣡


344 
һֻ֡ѹңڴЦһųīǷһĨмֻҪϹܹСӣֻ˵ɹļŭңãľǰɣ
ڴ˵ţĿһ۳īˣľڣ
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ĽҲСڴ۵˵
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Ľڴ۱īˣ˵ɣҿСӣǲǾֻϹ
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īһӰ粽ͬһ̣Ľڴֱӳ
ڴ΢΢һΪȻЩԷΣ
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˵ڣΪ罵ͣӦٶȡȴ
ָоԽڴ۵սӰ˵Ҳ൱İġ
Ľڴ΢΢һ˲䣬īΣѾ嵽ǰ̧־һȭ
ȭ֮ȭ
飡
һȭֱӺĽڴ֮ϡ
ڴ۵壬ûκıɳȥ
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һ죬ŪʱٻͷԼƵĵһ¯ҩĹ̡϶졣
һ֮һ¯ҩɹƣ
ɳʮöƷʵԪ


350 ޴ջ
ǱȻ²ڵ¯ȼء
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ƺҲоЩͷ˷ܵĻʱήڨڨ˳īĵ֮С
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ʱ봺ҿһöԪҩģ˵ʱʮöͿˡ
Ҳ˵ܹһöԪҩģƳʮö鵤þѾ׬ˣһǴ׬
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ҪҪһ³īλˮ׼
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鵤ò֣ƾԼ㹻ʱԼ

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ԣҪ𺳵鵤ãʮöԶԶģ
ī۾΢΢ţ¶һĨᶨɫʡ

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˵һЩˣа취ռġ
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Ůӿȥʮң֬üɽһ˫ۣ֮䣬һ崿Ϣ
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봺ЩĿһŮЦѾͷһöԪҩĶѣʧܴô
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ѾͷҪҪģ봺ˬʵĴЦŮ˵ҪһҪˣҪӦһҪ󣡡
ɫŮӵһ˫ĵۣŷ봺˵ôƶ
˵Ĳİɣ봺Ц
ߣ֪ǲģŰҼ޳ȥɫŮһƲ죺ҲŲĵ


351 ʮö
ȿȡ봺һ죬˵ⲻΪĴθܵˣϵĶ콾
˰ϴܵǸʲôϹټҵῡܣʲôţ밡Ϲ骰ɣǸʲôŮһƲ˵һƤߣһ۾ͿıʣȴƵҲű
봺ǳ˳飬˵ǴΡһϹټҵѽܹģƴǡ
ƴǾҪƳȥôߣŮӷ˸ۣҲӣȻ˵ϴΣǸʲôҵӵܣǸҲбµ檣ôûƷˣټŹʱ񣬱ȴһϹء֪ʲô֪϶ƤĶ
봺һΣЦ̾ϢһѾͷҲ֪鵤ãȻ㹻ǿ硭ҲһǿվΪġЩǵǡֻ˶ѡ
塭˼ףȻҲкĵ̣ĴЩҲ٣վΪóսŮСӣ˵һս鵤ã²ЩĶ֡
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Ůϣûʲô֮ɫͷǰЩף鵤áЩء
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352 
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353 С
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354 ôˣ
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ҲȫһЦ·𿴼˶ֳԱһĻЦĸƽīȥǼҾ¥ȥ

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356 ˭
ޱȵĺУƽֱӱɣճ˻ңʧڷС
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īȻĵͷǰ֣軹ƾʲô
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ǸʱҲǡī˵ˣУǲܵġ
ƶʱһĿɿڴĿųīʹ㡭һӶ𣿡
īЦЦʦһʦҲһʦҼȻͨҩΪԼȡ㹻ԴôΪʲôҪ뿪أңҲԶǣһ죬ҵʵʱһǵġ
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Ͼ˫֮Ϥ̸ϣûʲô飬īǿ׾ٵĽԼġ
ȴûУ
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ֽӣߵĶ÷ⰡīһԹ̾Ϣһ
ۡ
Ƹոպһˮֱȫ˳
㡭ɫ糺ĵųīǱ鼫ɰ˼Ůĵˣ
Ůīɴ۾
ɫƵĿųīô
īһ޽ڲٵĵǣ
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īĿƣĵ˵Լô
ʱ򣬷һαƿ߽һĵˣͷĿòʮֳª
֮󣬿īˣ˺ٺһЦ˵ˡֱһѰɫĩ
һϢ˲䡣


357 ֶ
īĵһӦǶ
ôû뵽ԷıȻô졣
ҲǱŰϵЩϢ̼ˡŰֵطǸְԵļеأ侮ʯ˲Ҫ̫ࡣԽЩӵܣһֵʲô⣬ԽױͲȡ
˵ҵƽȻȥֱ⣬ʵϣڻ˲У˲
ƽùˣȻһĵ顣
ŰЩƽϢЩܹƽȺɢġ
ƽû취ҵЩ˱Ȼŭȫй˳īϡ
ĵ˽ĩ֮ĵһʱ䣬㱻һֱ飡
īƶڱǰһ˲䣬Ȼ¶һޱȹЦݣЦУ⡣
īƴ
ʵϣʱȴЩˡ
Ϊ˶û뵽ԷıȻѸ٣ⲻǳ𲻸ҹֱɥĲˣ
һԶڽΪۣҲҪóīƸۡ
ƵķӦ˵죬ҲǷڵʿ֮֮ŮȻûκΰ񵥣ʵмǲܣ
ԣɫĩĵһʱ䣬ֱӾͷԼϢȫľͨ
Ȼˣ
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ΪһСʦ߳ŮӣɲǼ䣬жϳⶾҩʣ
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ЩŮӣûж֮ǣصİʦܵվ˵ԼĸԸģҪԵļ׷ɱ
ֻ֮ܲҲһСĳš
飬ʦҲ֪鵤òܼǸɴ鵤Ӧ֮ǰ׵ѳ鵤ãȻ֪١
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ΪʦЩŮӱļ壬ϲ׷飬϶޼϶׷ɱ
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ܿ˽٣һҪʬΣ˫ԭޱȵѪɫ
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֪ΪʲôǵĹȴûн䡣
ʱƣҲ˲ȥЩˡ
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ְסɢȥҩɣ


358 Ѫ
磬
ûɶǿǿʿ˵а취˳׵ڻУ
Ķҩһ֣
īеĶڵһʱɾĻô˱֮⣬еڶֽ
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ȻָоԼʮֻƫƫġȴֻ֮ȥ
Ϊһֱڣʵˣ
⡭ôܣ


359 
Ƭ֮䣬Ѿͷ磬⣬ȴޱȵʵΪõһУȫԴصһ統С
Ļ磬Ѿ˹Ϊһλ棬ȻЩλͬ˶ϿĹ
һռĴ磬Ĺôȥƫ̻ĳˣ
飬˵ȥţ
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ûڻзУ˭ֻҪͱȻᱻУȻ磬Զٴν롣
ǵ־ĴУƽ䣡
ΪʲôͿԣ
ƾʲô
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ѵǣ鵤õļλ󵱼ңѾˣ˵
ЦûŭǣŵĻ㿴Ҫǳʲô֮鵤ûηӦƽǸ¹ޣ飬ǲ룡
ͬʱͬжϵģвˡ
򶼱Ǹ͸̼ˣ֪鵤ãҲ˲ôˡ
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ҪĶԴ
ûԴžޣҲ޼¡
οֻҪҵˣϢȥݱ͵ˡĻб򵥵飿һ壬ɾûһˣ
ˣųȥ


360 Կ
鵤ߣ봺ȥһģʮһɲǿߣЩ˵ϣȫűɱȻǶ
ȻĻƾǵݵλϲŭɫ
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봺һΣȥҿ飬浱鵤ú۸ɣȻҩݺ鵤ù£Ҳһ˵û꣡¿սҲϧ
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鵤ŮףڻǿɱӵܣѵֻףǱҪսսҴϵ£ϵ˿ڣûһ˻
봺һһӣԸ֪ͨ鵤зֵ꣬սʱ״̬κҵ⡭һɲ֪鵤õսֲʱ׼ս
һԴȻڲһʱϯ֮
ˣīơ飬ȴȫȻ֪
һʱʱ䣬Ƶľ磬㹻ɳ֮ң룬ƿȻȫ
ȻϴſڱϢķƵȴƽЩˣŹԼġ
ὫɢŰ֮ϣ
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ʱ䣬ѾǲˣȥŮĵѹơҲױơ
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361 
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ȻǺҪȴ󺣻Ҫһ۸ͷ
Ƭˮ򡭡˵дڴգһֱ˲Ľء
ŻƵɫϱţ˵Ǵְ׵УؿԱܿЩ˵ĶĿɽȴǲɲģһ֮⣬¾ӽɽҲȫ
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ž¾ϣ¶һĨ֮ɫһѾԵĳī˵Բ𡭡˽Ȼί㣬Ҳκ˿
˵ţһҧųīƬͬ󺣵Ļֱ˽ȥ
伸ɼ˻֮Ӱʧ֮䡣
ˮ̹ǣֱӿ˷ͬʱϵļΧз
Ĵ˵кܶ࣬ûܹϸе
ᵽȻסյءءִʻϵһ
ҲǱƵͶ·Ȼ˵ʲôҲ
һȥĺˮĴ̹ǣȻַڵʿЩܣɵЩǵĿһѾڻĳī
ȴȵķ֣īı֡Ȼȫûκε쳣
⡭ôܣƴһֱԼ˫ۡ
ż룬ƣЩ޷ˣٿīȻʣ
š̲סһ̾ЩˣΪʲôܽƷʵҩɹٷ֮ʮĴʦһ쾳Ϊӡ
ֱһ
һѪǿԹ
ڣƸоԼŮĵѹƵ㣬ֹͣ˼룬һӣһ֮ϣֱɢһǿҲ
ȻΧʮɷԲˮ˲䱻ȥ
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ԭһֱֻ״̬ĳīǵõѪʿ˲˫ۡ
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ֻʶĶˣֻҪȥƣڳīϣḧ˼£˿һѸջ
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362 
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ȫûκεܽµ
һֱƶãԼ츳Ȼ㲻ɫ֣Լ֪ʶȴͬḻһ
С鵤ãƽӴЩ֪ʶѾѰһӶӴˡ˵ƴСϲ飬鵤ԹղصЩʷ伮ȫġ
Ҫ˵ӼǵļʶϣĺܸᲢۡ
ڣȴȫˣûڵһʱ䷴ӦٵԼҪЩʲô
ҺãһĻˡ
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˿ƵĴռ䣬һͨĺǾգһƶı⡣
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ԣڷӦĵһʱ䣬ֱӽЩԵֵٵıȫסһʱ䣬ƵʮɫѤâ䡣
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ĿһȻ˯еĳī
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ҡͬҲûüȥϲ㣬ͱ
Ƶ͸ŵĸˣһ˿ӡϲǲϲľҲѱۡ
ųīϷǹΣϢȻŨȻȴȫûнκٵ˼
̲ס¶һ˿ɻ󲻽⣺ôһֱûзӦ˽⵽١ƺܲͬ
˵ţųīų˯аҼȻѾŮˣǧ㲻ԸѹⶼѾһʵôԺ֮ǷнҶȥκ̸˵
⡭Ҷĳŵ
һ۳īȦһ죬漴߸ߵͷ­
ΣֱӴ뵽ĻУȻ󡭡ʼȥ
Ѿ뵽޽ɾƣζٶޱѸͣζ˶̾硣
գ֮䣬ƾѾε˻ĺϣšͬһӣڻϿա
ͷƱãɫ谵صƾ䶯ţͬһͷֲľ޺ڲ֮ϣգ
УɢſֲϢۣһ־޴ޱȵѹ
ԶĵطдȺӿ֡
ЩˣЩȡ˾޶͵ˡ
ʵϣܶ˶Ѿ²Ƴߵ·ߣ׷˻ϡ
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ҪǾʹ˷ҲвʣˣȺȫڻϼʮһƬȺɽϡ
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ĺܾܾˡ
ǶϣԼܹΪ˵һӵټȻϢڵһʱ䣬ݸƽ
оͨݵǿߣѾݳƾһƬĻˮС
֮ǰǼðʧȥ֮⣬ûб˸ȥ
һȺвʵˣһ죬Ѿʼ˼ֲϵ鵤Ǳߵıֱ˳ˡ
ʣµЩˣȫбһϣЩ
ֱܶ׼˿Լ¼Ӱķ׼Ͽա
Ȼ˶û뵽ǣǲûпҪĻ棬ȴޱ𺳵һĻ
Ʒ
УĿǰΪֹûɽٳɹ
Ҳûκεļأ˵˳ɹ
Ϊһδ֪顣
˵ڻڵиԣڻжɽ١Ӧǿеģٲ
һЩ˳Թ֮ȫʧˣҡʧܵĺܳףˣ
ڻжɽʧܣڵ
ѾǺܾԶˣ֮󣬾ûٸҶȡɵ˼ˡ
˭룬սʱȻڻĻϿգٶǿɽ١ˡȻ鵤õСƣ



363 һ
ƾȻҪڻɽ٣ǲǷˣûܹڻгɹɽ١ôĸң˷
ǱƷ˰ɣǸأôûг֣ǲѾˣһźĶ²⡣
Ƿʲô飿ΪʲôҵĹƽͻȻǷһҪѰƸǸˣȻȡǷ񣬵Ե׷ʲôȻһͷˮ
黹𣿿϶ƽ鵤õСƣȴ仨ˮ飬ӿ˱ˣȻƽŭ֮£׷ɱ
ܲô򵥣ܾ⣡Ͼ鵤ǱҲʲô֮ƽҲ٣۵ݵλƹͬһ飿
Ⱥ˵鵤ǱߵķӦҲ൱ңìͷ׼Ⱥˡ¿ȥ鵤ú֮һģ
Цڣ鵤Ȼǿѵɱ˲ɣ
˼ɱˣֻҪǵҩ͹ˡ˵
Ⱥжʱ˷ЦЦֲֻһ鵤òеҩҵĵҩЩɫƷʵĵҩҲܴ󣬶Ҽ۸ϣҪ鵤ñ˰ء
Ⱥвϴ۵дҲµߣڮ鵤ãͬʱ̧ҡ
ʵϣ˶֪ҵȻ˵鵤òһǰ㡣
˵鵤ýЩ˥·̡Ȼ˿ɱȣĵҩߺ;Ӫߣû֮һ
ʱȻȥΪ鵤˵Ϊĳ̶ֳ˵ʱڻϵȺˣ鵤õĵˣѾ뵽鵤õĺС
ˣЩ˿ǸƮƮɵŮӣȫ¶ָӵɫ
ı˵ǲϣһž޵֮Ůǰʵֲòƶɽʧܡ
Ϊһƶɽʧܣ鵤˵ڰһػѩϼ˪ˡ
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Ѿ׼ɻϵȺˣȻһƵľ
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Եǿٽٵʱ𺳣ֻĿ־սǸ޷Ƶġ
ܶ˶̲סŸԶĵطȥ
飡
һɢǿϢķֱӱ÷顣
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꣡
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һҷ
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Ϊ鵤õСϵķ϶ޱǿȻȻֵסٵ
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סЩǿķ֮׵粻һ÷顣
󣬾ֻʣһˣ֮䡣
ƵϣûоɫĲǵʱҲûã
һʱޱȽţһĶѾᵽɤۡһʱѾ׵ƽ
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Цݣ£
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ΪңԶķͻȻ䴫һŭ
һŭ𣬾ȻγһޱȿֲɢƽͬӵлصƬգŤ
һЩʵˣֱӱӲĺ壬޾ľֺã˲ȥ
ʣЩˣҲȫûõȥһѪ¶޾ĺȻ֮ɫ׷Ĵɢȥ
ܶܵ˲䣬ƼϱǿĺֱӺз׷׵ȥͬ½һ㡣
ԭӴһȺˣȻһͻŭ𣬸һ룡


364 ֮ս
šʲôһѪˣһ߷
ǿߣǾǿߣ

봺鵤õľŵˣ
ЩҴߵϣȫ¶֮ɫ˲ЩʿӾ˵봺ֱ֮֮
ûһɤӺΪ봺һɤӸͲǳģ
һĴУ֮£һѣ
봺ԴСӶ𣿡ҴУҵڣűﻤûյ̫˺ڰЦЩ˶ӵܣ㾹Ȼ
飡
˻û˵ֱ꣬ӱ飡
ǱһӰԶһ
ʣ·ڻ֮С
Ҳû˵һֻۣڵķ
ʱѾƵӰǱ
ƽСұɱ㣡봺һŭֱһּ֮䣬϶£һǺӡ
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ּ봺Ȼ˵ּŭˣ
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һ˵֮ˣĴжٻԸԤ˵ָԤˡ˵ٷּǸǲܵ顣
Կ봺ŭ
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ʱдһߣУ
봺ΪȻһڵĺַּӶô
ţһӰ·߳һ˷봺ǰ봺ʮɵĵط
Ӱͬʮʣͬڻ֮С
ɢǹǿϢȴѹžʮأ

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·ǳǺУǵǺӣͬһ޴ޱȵıӣֱӽһƬճ飬ݺݳ봺
ˣ
ĴоȻĶִˣ
ⲻĻƻ֮սҲѪӶᣬǷڻУһΪ֮ĶԹĵ֮ս
봺ʣ˵ϣرһ磬磬ɫޱѤΨдʿܿüѤΨͬΪִơ
ݺݳʵǹǺӣ
ǺӸ磬˲ײһ𡭡һƬգ˲飡
Զ٣ƺߵĶм߮ڸ֮ϵ˸ţͬһĿĵߡ
վûˡ
Ϊֹģ٣Ѿȫ˲ʿˣ
ˣ
Ƭն𶯡
ϣ
еЩҴߣֻԶУһȫ۵Ĺâ
ţЩҴǣʲôˣҲ֪ˡ
ΪǡⲨ顣
һ֮䣬ֻʣˣԼԶ׺
Щ׵磬γһ޴УһȻϵǸط
봺ȫûԨsŵգϵƣѾ۷壡
Ǳߵʣȴ˼ǧ֮ңɫصĿŷ봺ķȻ󡭡۵һһھѪ


365 ٴ
ʻУͬϣʱЩ԰ס
ˣ
սͨ˵ʱ䲢̫ã϶һСʤѷ֡
ƾеֵ֮䣬пһϼ켸ҹ£
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봺һ֮Ҽסˣ˵
ұ޳ܣ㣬ӵܣҷ봺Ҳסˣ봺˵ϽĻҾն㣡
Уʿ˷봺죬Ȼ˵ã鵤ö⣬ҡȻҲ⣡浽˿սһ̣ϣ鵤ãǧҪͣ
봺ö࿴һʣҪйǣƣֱӳ֣նʣ
ǻ磬봺Ȼа취ʳԸĿȻҲҪѵһƤ
޺޵Ŀһ׺ķΪôῴƲû
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ǡ봺΢΢һ漴عһϲƣ˵ţ
Ƶͷĺܺá
̫ˣ̫ˣ봺һֱīȻŵϢ֮˲ſͬһʢĻ
壡ƽһ䡣
봺˲һ漴عһ죬ҪǴСҪԼֶŮһİŮӣոһ˲䣬ȻľޱǿĵҲҪȥ
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봺иеޱȺȻСѾͷȻʦͨӵȻɵľ硭
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ȻɡһһЦȻĪܱܣ
ҺãҺѾͷ֮󣬱øˡ
ȻĻɳΪһĺջˮ
봺а
ôˣվǵĴУеһ㲨˲Ρ
Ҹո˵ģҪ֪žɫϣֳһĨΡ
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Ƶͷ


366 
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봺ƣѾ˵ּɱ
塭ָжǵǵĿŷ봺
ƲѰ˼ҵŮ鵤ִУȻ׾ζʲô
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ˣɽʱԼ˵ʱļʱϵҲΪ콣Щˣ˺Ҫá
ЩˣΧڳīߵˣǶô㽫û뵽ô߼磬١뵽硢ɽ磬ϣġ
ΪģҲֻЩˡīš
󣬳īĿھһɹֱ˳īȫһ̣īоԼ뿪˻硣
缸һ뿪
īܹĸоԼһεĻص˹±ʷǸС
Ȼʱֻǹȥ˼¶ѣԳī˵ȴֻĸоţīҪ˫ۣΪ֪Ѿ׵Ļָˡ
īԼڵʣҪ֮ǰǿˣ
֪ΪʲôȻ޷˫ۣ
⡭ôˣ
īһΣЩ̿ˣǰδеϮ
ѵ˵ҵ壬Ѿ˽磿Ժֻڻ棿


372 ҵ
īܹоСȮ߲ԶĵطſţֻӡԼľŽԪޣһ׽
˺ܳʱĳԣīȻΪʲô취ȫûа취Լѹ
˿̾һε桭
󣬳īֻεһλص˻Уֱȥ
Ҫ
ʲô˽޷Ҳʾȡ
ı飬óī΢΢Щ³Ȼأȴǳīʶǿˡ˵鶼Ͳ飬ôīĲ֪ôˡ
ʱȻ¶Ȼı飬˵¹ҡ˸ˡ
ô£īУʱ¶֮ɫŽ顣
ܹ֮ôĽ뵽УΪѪѡ鿴ųī˵ѪֵʱԴżС
īʱѾ˲Ϲ⣬ҿ϶Լĸĸ֮䡭϶ĳֹϵȻĻԴ
еѪ֮⣬īȫ벻ʲôýԼôá
ѪѣȴΪˣ˵ûɣ鿴ųī
īͷû֮ǰ˲ȫˡ
ǾˣҲֻʱѪŻǰȻĻѪӦû֮󣬲ܿġ鿴ųī㵱ʱ˵һرأѪǹػ޸塣޸ֻǱġ
ģī΢΢üͷ
ͷ룬ҲһǷˣ壬ӦѾ׻ָҪ֮ǰǿ󣬶Բԣ
īŽ飬Щĵͷ˵ʲô㲻֪ô
˵Щֻĸоѣˣ־˵ô׾ͳ׻ָˣȻѪޱǿ󣬵ľվ̫ͣһһĽ峹޸ԣҪһʱģ
Ҫãīʵ
룬˵𣬵׻ָҪʱ䡣
꣡
ī۾͵ĵɴȻ˶óĬ
ʱ䣬̫ˣ
ʱ䣬Ըı̫顣
үү޵кˮ׻ƳйĻ𣿻ûڰΪǣ
Լڣܵĵȥܳɹ
ûԼѹǸһʵʵ
Ǵ¼īж󷢣еɼҲЩôΡ
÷ӣûԼʣǸ١īô붼ġ
һڷɻ᲻᲻ģǸŮ˻᲻ˣ
īһֱ֪Ǹ磬Щˣֱʱףж
ƺ˳īĵǣ˵СӣҪΪ뿪㣬ͻֹͣת
ī̧ͷŽ飺ҵǡ
˶ᱣԼųˣһЩ֮Ҳһѧɳ鿴ųī˵Ǿ֮ϵ飬һ죬ԶȥʱжôģжٵĲᣬҪѧ֡
īŽ飬һʱԣ뵽ԼһҪȥľͺܡ
ϣ̫Ը顣
顢顢顭Ըᡣ
˵Щ鶼ܹ׵ķƴΪʲô
ô
ǳΪʲô
ֻΪ˻ĸô
˿ԽЩҵļ𳤴ĺԼĶӶŹ
ȴ
Ҳߵˣ
īзġ
鿴ųī˵ҪǶܸĲôԼͱҪŬʱ䣬ʵ߾磬һαչؼǧ꣬ĺܡ
֮ҿ϶˽糹𣿡īŽʵ
ͷ
ãҾʱ䣬ԼľߣīеãȻ֮ɫȥȡ֮ģǼ档
΢Цŵͷܺãڻ磬ֻ˲㵱Уֵ̫̽ĵطҾͲ˵ˣԼȥᡣ
īͷ
˵⣬㷢˹ϵǸڻĵز㣬Ҳúܺõġ
㡭ù˽īѿʵ
鵭һЦʲô˽йص飬㶼ܽ˽
ðɣҵ磡īſ˫ۣЦ˵
΢΢һЦν䵭ʧڿС
īһоٴγ
δҪԵʲộ֪ҵ˼ǰȥĶ


373 Űϵ
ӣī൱ʵ
ڻеʱ򣬾ǾϵԼʵҲᾭ뿪ǣһʼСʼ룬ȥ̽ЩΣ
УҲܶΣա
ÿһΣǰʾóīоյıܿЩΣ
ÿһʱ䣬īȥһ鵤ã鵤Ǳ׼õҩȡߣȻ󣬹һʱ䣬ƺõҩȥ
˲鵤ƹÿμīýģû˵¡
ī֪ΪʲôҲûдƵϢ
й֮׵Ůӣ·ʧС
봺Ҳûٳǰ
ӣһĹȥ
һ죬īڻϣͷŰ
ʵϣīѾҪȥŰϵЩˡΪ鵤õĿʦÿΪ鵤Ƶҩı꣬ӻ֮󣬻ӯࡣ
īϵļƷ쾧ʯѾ쵽˰ٿˣ
Ϊľ̫ͣһ鼫Ʒ쾧ʯܳʱ䣬磬üƷ쾧ʯˣϡҲֻһˡ
Ǳ˵֪϶۴Ǹİܼӡ
īȴںԴⶫõô
ŰϵЩҪҪһЩԼŰϵĵȼһЩΪֻܹЩ߼
ȻкԶһξ룬īҪеҪĲϡһʾ˵֡
а˰ٶ鼫Ʒ쾧ʯҲһСˣеҪЩԴǮͷ
飬ܴȥ
˵еƷ޴ĺ䶯
һǿƷҪôᱻǿǩԼĳȥҪôͻֱӱ
Ϊ޺ۼ·ϣƷʿ϶Ҫʿƣ
ͨߵ·Ѫȵġ
һ֣ԼĻȻҪЩ
Գī˿£˷ͼ
ֻͼ֮
ôʱʼȻòġ
鵤ǱӦǶʲôֶΣְ֣֮˵൱İġ
Ҳǳīһᡣ
鼫Ʒ쾧ʯһ۲ݡīϢ΢΢һüң񣬶Լ˵ӦѶȲ
۲ݣȻһֲȴƬ֦ģʮۡ
زٵһҩģڻУֲһֱӦ
Ϊκһ壬硢ɽ绹磬ҪΪṩõԴ
ÿһŰϱһЩ֣ŰԶ׳̶ȣȻӦĻ֡
۲ݵ񣬾ָֻԽ϶࣬ѶԽС֡
īûԥֱӽ
Ȼ󣬳ī뿪˻Żɽķȥ
۲ݣֻڻɽŻС
īѶȽСԱʿ˵Ѷȡȴһ㶼С
Ϊڻɽ
ɽС̫ǿ̾ǣһСģðЩ飬϶ֹܵ׷ɱ
Ϊһ۲ݣֵ̫á
ڻζҲ˭ԸƷġ
˵Ҳ϶вǿ׵ԷЩصطļƷҩġ
Ҫô򵥵ĻԷô鼫Ʒ쾧ʯıꣿ
֮󣬳īӰ˻ɽС
ʱѾ뵽ɽǧĵط
īԼе㵹ùΪһ·ϣѾҵϰּƷҩģ˳Űϣֽ˾Ÿ񡭡Ϊû֮ǰīѾҵҩġ
ڵĵȼֻܽʮ񣬲ȻĻīɸ
ƫƫģ۲ȴһֱûҵ
֪һʼʲô񶼲ӣҵĶ֮󣬲ȥˡī̲סŰ۹һ䡣
Ϊ֮ǰ鵤м۲ݣīҲר˽ҩĲôɽУӦкܶŶԡɲ֪Ϊʲôô죬Ȼһ궼û
һϴϢһ֮󣬳īٴȵ·
ڵľ磬Ѿӽľ۷壬īоԼѾǿˣ
磬ڱУڻ綼Ѿһ׮ţܵɽֵطֱǲ֪
īûԾ˵磡
Ȼҵĵ̣ʲôطȥõģīôġ
˿϶ô룡
ڳīڷһ۲ݣ¶ϲ֮ɫ׼òײҵ۲еʱͻȻ䣬һڳīĶ𣺡ſ۲ݣҵģ


374 ۲
˵ʵīһΣûио˽ӽԼˣͻһīŵһ˵۲ݵĸ롣
۲ֵǮΪһϵֵҲҪۿۡ
ˣīЩŭתԼվĸˡ
ŮеĸߴӢŮò绨
ǵľֹӦ¡ֵܹطҲ֤Щ˵ʵ
ī̾˿˵Ǹ꣺ѣҪ۲ݣҶѾһˣۿžҪڳˣôģ
ԭǣˡ˵국˵ϣֻܵ޾СԣͼҽҪͼңСӣ㲻䣡
ī´˵꼸ۣǳ˳飬˵˼˭ȭͷ󣬶˭ˣ
ţųīƤЦⲻЦ˵
ˡīͷȻ˵۲ݣҪһ鼫Ʒ쾧ʯܲ¸̧֣
˵ţīϣͳ龫쾧ʯ
۾ֱˣ۹ڳīϣһḬ̃ٺЦȻмƷ쾧ʯ
ʱ󣬿˵Ů˵񶫣ˣ̫ΪСܵˣ鼫Ʒ쾧ʯ㹻ˡ
һŮҲ˵ܳѾܲˡ
ʵŮӵĻܺ񶫵꣬Ҫ̫֡
ϾʵôܹڻɽֵطΧȻˡ˵ϣĳЩǿ
дģûߣ
һ飬ӵŲѪ
УǸԼȥ֪һˣ᲻ڽȻɱı
һ꣬һֱû˵ޱĿųī˸ȻԳīó鼫Ʒ쾧ʯҲ˼
ֻҪǴӦ뿪鼫Ʒ쾧ʯ͵Ҹλһˡīһϵ˵
ٺ٣ĸˣֻô֣һЦųī˵硭Ŀ
īɫ΢΢һѣҪ̫֣Ҳ鷳鷳
һƲ죬˵ô㻹ǳֲɣǸ𣿡
ʱһҲǰվߣ´˳īۣȻЦİɣСѡѧ˵ɲ̫Ŷ
īһ꣬һҲǸԪӤڵʿ
⣬ŮӣʵҪһЩȫǽڵʿ
īʮֻɣЩҲȫʿΪǼ̫ˣ
ȻīԼڻнӴЩˣһٶڵľ磬Ǵڡڵʿ
𵤺ԪӤģī֮ǰû
ֻ˵֮ǰī򽻵Щˣ۵ѣȫͷ
Уȴģ
ĻīƷǰĲ²⣬ĵ⼸Ӧɽġ
ȻһֱĵĿ˵֡
뵽⣬īд󷭰ۣ˵ͷϻأɽ硭ʲôŵģ
ŮӣƺìܼߵߣСȰš
ˣ磬ҪǷǣ֮ǰǵļ˲˵𣬱ڻ¡ߵŮС˵
һŮҲĸ첲СȰǸ꣺Ҫ۸ˣںܶУҲһСĺܡ
Щͷ˦˦Ůӵ֣˵Щ˲Լ磬ӵиĹյǵߣ磬Ͽ϶ǣ
ŮɫЩΣҧ´˵ǣ֪һ죬ģڣҪŬôѾ뵽ĵطˣֻҪԼŬţһᳬԽЩ˵ģ
˵ʲô˼һ۳ī˵СӷǸСó鼫Ʒ쾧ʯϿ϶Уȴֻɾһ쾧ʯûУ
Ҳ˼ҵĶŮ˵
ʲô˵ҲãɽҲãҲãǿʳĵط㵱Щеĵ̾ͲôֻдССˣʲôֱô
һԴ˵úãҪٷչһҪֶΣ
ǡߵŮȻҲЩˣһţߵһԣɣӽҸ޹ϵ
¶⻰ƺЩڡ
ŮӣʱҲվ¶ߣ˵񶫣Ҫô֮䡭Ҳˣ
СǡŴʲô֣Ҳˡ
īĿɿڴĿԼǰĿ֪ΪͻȻ뵽꣬̾Ϣһˣ۲ˡһԵ֣Լڵѡ񡣡
񶫺ͬʱתīŭ죡
ĵֵǮĶ
ȻǵĹϵ첻ɱ㶼ˣѶ


375 
Ƕ¶Ů״ȫ¶ʧ֮ɫû뵽ĸı䣬Ȼ֮ı仯
Ƕ¶񶫺˸Եļã˴Сһ𳤴󣬿ν÷Сʱ飬£˴˵ļ峤Ҳֵÿ
û޳ɡ
˵Ҳɣ˵Ѫͬʱѣﵽ˽ı׼ĸǴϲ
磬ڶɽеĴС˵ֱ߲ʣ绹Ҫ
ܶûʸ֪Ĵڣ˵īʦħǸСɣʹû˵ֵط
ħѪҲδѣˣȫ֪һطȻʹûиī
κһ壬ܳһѪѣƾѪԽӵܣǶ顣
Ƕ¶һȾãҸˡ
һֱİһ𣬶һߣ
Ǻˣ
һʼʱ񶫺ʵҲôġ
֮񶫺ܿʶ˸ӹأǵҰġʱ÷ǳ
Ǻ㣬Ҳ֪Լ㣡
ȻĪ硣
ĸĿ꣬гһգܹڣȻ󣬳ɹķ磡
Դӽ磬ʶǿ֮񶫺Ŀֱ꣬ӳŵȥ
ǾԼǿԵģ
ӵпԽѪȻˣ
ģǶ¶֣񶫺ЩˣЩİ÷ǳΪ˴ﵽĿġֶΣ
ǰֵֿˡƺѾȥʣµģֻĺҰĲǡ
񶫡㣬ҪǶһĿ񶫡
Ҫħϣ¶żְˣеǸˣġ֪ɲʲôѪԸԶȥ磬ҲԸԼϲ˱һΪΪ˴ﵽĿĶֶεĶħ
ǿоǶĵķԡ
ϧ񶫺ŮģȫΪ
Ƕ¶ĵȷڻУŮԶ಻ʤ
߾ŮˣԱȫżߵֶΣ˵䲻ŵĻн޳Ů
ȻϲԵŮѣɱϾ̫ϤˣѾûʸУĻ磬˶еʧ
ŮƵĻ磬ǵС˼Ȼû˵ڣ˴˼䡭ȴ
Ҳ̫˽Ƕ¶ŮǵӶͣĺͷһ϶Ҳûˡ
ûУСӣ͸ϽѶȫĿųīɱŨ
ʵϣīȫĶҲһҪѳīɱˣ
Ȼڻ磬ԸȻѾˣĸһ㣬СӲͷ
۽ɨһ˴Сһ𳤴໥ĬһͶ֪ԷҪʲô
΢ºһ㣬ųīСӣʶģϽϵĶԣʵǲҪĺãΪж൹ùݶģ㶫һֶΣ׽ĨɱΪڻͲ
Ƕ¶ͬҲޱȵ˽񶫺˿໥һۣǶ񶫣ˣ񶫸磬Ҫ𣿡
¶Ҳ𣿡
ĿһǶôΪԼ
Ҳ¶ǵԺ󡭡ǶҪ磬ΪĴģ
Ů໥һۣ̾˿Ƕ񶫣˵񶫸磬Ҫôס㣬ӽ֮䣬κι
¶¶һЦݣҪ˵ĻǶһ
ΪһˡҪ𣿡񶫵ŭ֮ɫ
īһֱվĬĬĿţͬʱϵĶҲûֹͣȻ۲ݡ
񶫺Ҳ˳īľٶī֪ͬʱҲȥֹ˰ڳãʡһԼˡ
Ƕ΢΢ҡҡͷ֣ͷҲΪˣǲְɣ񶫸磬ǿԼҲߵһģ
¶ţƾԼŬһԳΪصĴ
ˣͲס¶ŭһȥ
¶΢΢һˮˢһ´۽£ĿһȻͻȻīǰųīʩһ˵Բ𡭡ֹǣʧͷɽԼңһ㲹
ǶҲīǰȦ˵Բ𣬶Բ㵽ʱɽμңҲ
񶫺ȫòС
ʱŮΣѾʼ䵭


376 ޳¾
ȻǶ뿪˻硣
˸ã˵ÿķ
񶫿ųīһɱϵĶȻһַ㳹ڻ磡
צ̣¶ˡ
ʱ򣬳īѽ۲ȫ˳濴Ųܴ۲ȴӵ൱Ӵĸϵͳ˾̾ǣ۲ݵĸ˸ŵĹһ˿˿͵ǸɢŵӨâ
񶫺˿ųī۲ݣȫЩü¶ǿҵ̰
쾧ʯҲã۲ҲãЩȫǹȥǴӵУĶ
īó鼫Ʒ쾧ʯ˲䣬˵ʵѾǽҪ顣
۲ݣַĵ̰޷ѹơ
Сã
ΪʲôǾҲôƷҩģ
Ǿһξ޴ΣգײطȴֻҵһЩͼҩġ
ҪܽСвסΪǲҩǸã
񶫺֮䵱Ϭ˴˼໥һۣ֪Էʲô
ųīĵͷ˵ܺãò
ī΢΢һ
˵ùɣ
īͷߵֱӴס
СӣĻԺÿμǶɱĻһ취۾ųīϼһ˿Цݡ
ֻЦôǶħ΢Ц
ŶīЦЦĿȻ۲ݣͻȻʧװ˴ָС
дָ
ǽָ棬һװźܶ౦
񶫺໥һۣ˵ֻҪǵĶ飬Ժ󡭡ɵҩģһɣɣôĻǿԱ㣬Ҳɱ㡣
һԳ˵ȻĻһɱһΣӦ֪Ȼܴ󣬵Ҫҵһˣкְܶ취ңһ㳹׵
īЩ˵޳ܸˣ񶫺ǵ˼ǣԺҲɵҩġǷ߰˳ɣȻ󡭡ɣ
Цô٣ʲô׬û𣿡
ĵȰѾܶˣСӣ˲Ҫ̫̰ȻߵǴͷһҲҪðܴյģôҪסȫף
ī΢΢˳飬˵ʲôΣգӵİɣԪӤʿô𣿡
㡭ô֪ǵľ磿һɲĿųī˵ѵǶ¶֮ǰСǵľ磿
Ǳͬ¶֮ɫǰվŵһĴУһۿǵľ磬Ϊ档Сӣȥ˲֪٣ôܿǵʵ
ˮ׼Ҳѧ˼٣ҪЮҡǲҩǰ׳ôīüͷˣ˵ܹѪܹ磬κ˵һ־޴ˣģȰһ䣬Ҫߴ·ڻͷü
Ϻǣʱ̲סˣīƾ㡭ҲСǣҲҾӸµĶָָ㣿Сӣҿòͷˣ
˵ţһֱӳī
ûҪɱˣΪһɱ˳īûаڵһʱҵīĴռ䡣ֻ֮ܿʧڻС
ǣھȷīĴռġȻڻɱī˲䣬õ
ˢ
һ貶ĿĹâȻ
һޱȷϢ˲ն񶫵ơ
һ֣üһԪӤӿһӴƥƶȻ𣺡Сӣݺݵġ
꣡
һ磬һֲ˼ٶȣֱӽ١
˲񶫵ͷϣ
񶫿仰δ˵꣬˱㱻ֱ
ǰһ˲䣬ͻȻоԼ߸ߵķ
Ȼ󡭡һûͷ­Ѫʬ塣
˭ô˿Դ
ͷոһɷ·Ԩ˲佫޾ĺڰС
ˣ
׼ȷ˵Ǳǵģ
īնȥͷ­һȴǳ׵ŵ
ԪӤʿ˵˵Ĳˣ
Ϊǲȳī٣㹻ʱ԰
ŻУЩͬĴʿͬԼˡ
ųѰˣ̶ֳͬȣ
һھǺܶ꣬ôն˾޵һ
Ρǳ˻þĿųī˫̰˿̣ȴǳš


377 ʮ
ֱ񶫵ʬ壬ʧ˻Уŵһ̯ĿѪҺͿвĴ̱ѪȣƺһУΡ
ͻȻ䷢һͬҰ޵ųīֱ˹Ҫɱ㣡
¡
һ磬Ȼ
貶ĿĹâӳƬأҲ۾ӳյͬϹһ㣬ʲôˡ
ûκҲˡ
̰ϣĪϡ
ˣûףΪʲôһôˣȻеӶǰεҲûŪףȫ޷ֵԺηΪʲôֱǣ
ֱܾԺŰϣǸţνĻĹ򣬲ֱԼˡ
ǱˣǱԼ֪ˣ
Ǹʱ򣬵ȥǸ˵ʱȴ֣ѾɳΪҪĴڡ
˸÷ŮѣҲǷˡ
˴˵ļȻеЩϧΪҲ˵ʲô
ΪǶ¶û˵ԭʲôŮ뱣һ˿֡
£Գī˵ƽϱͶµһСʯӣ˼ֲܿģͻָƽ
Ҳī˸ѣԼҪʵ;磬ңҪѰҸԱֶΣ
ĶĹ࡭Ҳֻܱڣ
һڣ硭ī˽Ҳûùˡ
Ǹʱ򣬽Σյʱ
Ӧ֮ǰʱ䣬ԼԭʼǷݻۡ
һڣ磬ڻǣýһطרͺã
е绹ҪŨһЩҲǵԳһ壬ȴʮǿ
ԣԳī˵
ȻǰǣҪ㹻ıǮ
ӣīǿʼϵĽһЩԼŰϵĵȼ
㹻Խ´󲿷񣬿ԿϢĵȼ֮󣬳īͣʼΪ鵤ҩ
֮⣬Ƿ
һ££¡꣬һꡭʱͬˮһ㣬ܿĹȥ
Уī˫ۣľ磬Ѿľٽ㣡
졭ֻ벽
벽ȴǳīѹƵģʵԼľΪ
ʿһΪ˳ôڵѾͻ죬Ѿʼˣ
ΪķҪе߱׼ÿһ
ȴޱȵʵ
𿴳īڵľֻľ۷壬еȴҪ쾳黹Ҫ߳ܶ࣬ѾӽһЩͨʿˡ
ī֮ԿԼٶȣһԭ
Ҫе
ⲢʲôʵֵҰģīһֱΪԼĿ׼š
һʱ䣬Ѿ֮һĲϻۡ
Щϣ϶ǸԵЩеҪļҪϣīոһЩͷûоļƻ

ī뿪ңֱҵ˽顣
ѾѹƵͨˮ׼Ǵһī˵
ôԼôģҪԽս鿴ųīϴο
Ѿʮ꣬ӢͦΣҪȸոսǻܶ࣬ҲһЩصϢģȻ˵ĳ
ϵѪǳʢ飬óīĳɳٶȺܿ졣
ÿһμῴϷı仯
ħīЩԪѪҺīû˷ѣȻħƶļƻÿʮԡһΡ
ʱȥīѾ˰˼
⡭ѾԶԶĳԽħԤڡ
ħԼ˵񣬿е飬Ȼӵżߵľ磬Ȼûг׿īĳɳռ䡣
īЦЦŽԣô֪أ
ãСǸ̬Ա˵һޱȿ־飬˵ȴͬԷˮһ㡣˵
īʱ˸ۣ˵Ҳһޱȿ־飬¡ûܹϰߣ
֮ⷽ棬Ҽǿ֮һ鲢֮ʣЦеĿųīȻҲΪǿƥѪ
ᵽѪī̲סƲ죬һʱĴȻ࣬Ҳ١ÿһζǣ̸ʲôⶼԣ֪ʶԨḻ̼ߣܳīʲô⣬ܸĽ
Ψϵīܳīôʣ鶼ڣȫش
īҲģҪһò鼸䡣
ʱѽͨˮ׼ųī˵СӣҪһ䣬ȻͨȴͨСܹӳʵ
֪ˣÿβôī˵ţ߱ȡָ飬˵ƣ˲һ䡣
ɣ
ī˵


378 ս
鿴ųīǹȵϢҲЩݣȻս
ˢ
꣡
ڤ˵һ
ľ磬īնһѾȫµ
ᣬ̸Ц䣬ǣ
ˢ
Σ˲ƶͬʱֱӱ˫ۣ
ǵһθīսԳīĹֶΣѾ˺ϸ˽⣬֪ѹƾ֮󣬺ѳ׵ıܿī⾪޵һ
ʱ򣬽Щ̾оī̫ǿЩ
˵˽ֵطǲܵõ̫õĹƫƫģīʩչЩ磬ƶ
ȻûʿܽЩеȫӳѾԸܵһЩˡ
Ҳǽ飬һͨʿһû취ܿ
ɱ
ոն㿪īڤ˵ĵһīе߱쵶һתڶ˲䵽
ޱǿҵɱӳīϣȻ䱬һִɱ⣡
մȾκɱ
ϣ¶֮ɫΪ⡭Ѿģżɱƣ
ȻɱңԶɱЩɣȴѾΡ
šСߵ·ɱ¾֮·Ϊʲôȴ۳ǿִɱĶ΢΢һ
ˢ
һ˿ڣڽϡ
ˣ
ʶȻǿƥģľ硭ȴʶ
һûȫ㿪
飡
ڽ鱻īһϵ˲䣬īֻŵ֣䣬˽һٶơ
ǧ֣
ȫͬһ㣡
鶼û뵽īս飬Ѿḻֵز
⻹û꣡
īŻӰ粽һȭݺݴڽϡ
ֱӽЩ¡
Ҫ֪ȻͨȻǸ߳ī󾳽ģ
īȻ޽ӽ죬վ죡
ī֮д裬ûпųīˣȻһгīĳɷ֣սøǿȴһʵ
ΪʼգֵĻᶼûУ
ⷢģûųī뷨Ҫīһѵѹһѹ̫ԺԸ߾ġԽս
鲢޳飬Ϊѹƣ
ԽսںӱߣʪЬ
츳׿˼ҲδؾͲ
Ĺ˼Ҳδؾ
ⶫһҪУҪ㣬콾˵ҪУ
ȴܹˡ
ⳡս֮ǰڽ鿴īеĹˣ
īľѹƵ죬黹һľȻҪսֻͨҲóī̫д

ȴýһ
īһȭϣɵһ˲䣬黹룺ôܱôǿ
ˢ
һ⣬һꡣ
ԭͱīһϹ߻صĽֱӱնȥͷ­
һΣ˰ų֣īУǿҵ𺳣졭żһ仰С㡭ʱҲûô
īȻһ̧ͷŽ飺С˭
ȴüڰ֣ȻһĿųī˵ǲҪе
ûīͷҲûȥոյ⡣
ԭǲ̫޳еġЩӵĿһ۳īѾΪ׼ƷĲϣ
īʧе㡭׼ƷĲϣ
ЩŵĿŽ飬ȻǰصĴܶԼܺá
Դ뵽𣬽һػϧĻ
ΪˣŰ첨ȴȫ⣬ͶûС
ʵҲʲôΪ˳ī֮⣬ûκ˼ԻĽ飬֪Ǹ飬ǻĹûκпԵġ
īҲ֪ӦøԼĸĸһĹϵ١һ֪Լĸݵġ
Щǳīɡ
ıǽȥģǳīģ
īСĸ־Զͬ˸죬˲翿Լ
ԣûӽȥõ࣡
ԣڽǰīһֱܹͷ­
ȴû뵽龹Ȼõ̶ֳȣ
Ʒĸ֣׵ѹһеƫϵļ壡
ҪԴȫһ֣
īܹһʱ֮һеĲϣһԭ򡪡ΪвѰΪл¯
ȻĻֻƾһˣ㵽Ҳܵõ֮һĲϣ
ֻ֮һī͸Һܿ϶˵еĴ壬Ҳδһõó
ƷĲϣȻеĲȣ޴Ĳ࣬Ҳͬһ֣
ǰˣȻԼ׼ˣ
Ϊʲô
īȻоԼıЩᡣ


379 
鲢ûлشīЩп˵еһеľ콾벻֮꣬Ȼлᣬۼ֤ڶ
ī΢΢˳飬Ž飬λмܵĴߣҲֻһеˣ
׼ȷ˵ǲˡ˫¶֮ɫһֻ
˵ֻ꣬еʱĳ棬
޾֮Уڶ𣬴һֻ㣬չĻգϣ
Ǹʱ򡭡ոɹ
ɫ䣬Ƽ
Ƭ񷣬趯
ֻһڵ飬ȴ·ƬصΨһģ
īУ¶һĨɫżľͼʶ޷ǻһĳ
ôǿ󡭡ѵû˺ī̲סʵ
鿴һ۳ī˵֪һ塭һǿ壿
īҡͷû˵壬̸˽⣿
Ǻǣ壬Ƭؼ壡Ŀһ۳īֻ𣬾ͳ
īȫ𺳵ˣ֪˵ʲô
飬·Ҳ뵽Ļ䵱ȥþû˵
˺ܾãīʵǡȻǿ󣬳ôྪž޵ǿߣΪʲôȴѶûһϢˣ
¶һĨ֮ɫЩɬЦЦ˵ˣ
ˣīӽĻУܵһǿҵıˣ֪ǲǴīľãһ壬ƺԼ֮䡭еϵ
оܵīԼת˲ˡ
ǰˡ̾һʢ˥
ֻĸ֣ȴ·ɣʷ
󣬽鿴ųī΢΢һЦǶǹȥˣ磬ǵһѾûжˣҲա
˵ţ鿴ųīû뵽ѪȻġǿֵز츳Ҳĺõֵز¯߱졭ЩڱУֻܷӳɵȴʮϡ
ɣīٺЦЦżԳĹһ䡣
飿Ȼ˼ˬʵЦȻ˵еĲϣоУ٣õˣ
īһϲ̧ͷŽ顣
󣬽ЩϧĵֻϧһΣȴûа취ôࡣ
īţҲû¶ʲôźı飬ΪһֱҲûȫ˵뷨
鿴ųī¶֮ɫʧô
ʲôʧģûҲ̤·ī˵κ飬Ҷ뾡ܵȥã
ãøܵãЦһָһ㣬һϢֱ뵽īľʶС
ī΢΢һоԼԺУ˺ָ֪ܶʶһЩϤĻǲϤĵ
һطǺϤ

֮ˮڻ
Ϣóīӣ˲ˡ
ŽһݣлǰṩЩϢ
ȻûнЩֱõǰЩϢīȫҪȥѰңֻҪֱȥþˣ
˵̫ˡ鿴ųī˵ЩطǴ֮أ˵㣬ĵҲ˵Щطȫˡּ֮߱вͻ¯Ȼ޷ױȫ㡣㵹һơ
īŽ飺ʲôƣ
鵭˵κ˵ЩطȻǵĴܣȫᱻѹƾ絽졣
ֵطīһ̾
˵֮أȻķЩطķȻңҲ޷Ԥ
īͷʾף˽Ļʵۣųһ֮ƹｮｮ֮ϵһЩ֮أȻǵͬ޷ҡóȻǰһСģҲҪ䡣
ĳ̶ֳ˵һЩʵǿá
֮ˮ֮ȫ˲㡣鿴ųī֮ľ֮ڵز㣬֮㣡
ز㡭û취ȥīЩͷ
˵޷ҿȥ
ЩϢ֪𣿡īŽʵ
΢΢ü˼Ƭ̣˵֪˲࣬еʲô˶ܳԵģҪǾʱȫǡȫѪƬؼ䣬֪µˣѾܺУˣ޼ңҪеҪѪ֧š˵ҪеѵġԴ
īҵȫǣȻȫѪѵⲻɣ
ʱ鿴īʮֿ϶ĵ⣡


380 ع
īס
˵оֶһҪеϵġԣˣ಻ʤ
Ҳ˵ҪٵģЩطգīŽ顣
ԣ㻹ҪЩо顣鿴ųīǡܱЩ֮رգ
ţˡīƽ̧ͷŽ飺һЩǰ·ϵİʯ߿ģҾһ߿߲ģҾͰῪ᲻ģҲҪڳǾԶĵҵ·ϣ
Ŀһ۳īȻЦЦ㣬ӣȥ漣ɣ
īӱ˽飬Ĭھ뿪˻硣
ˣ
ʮ꣬ʮꡣ
һͷİ;η꣬ɳΪһ֪ˡ
һ̣еĳīֱ˫ۡ
˽磬һˣ

һСȮڳīſ˫۵һ˲䣬ֱ˵īĻ
ͷǵĹųīš

СȮ˷ܵķͽС
ˡȻûн⿪ԼķӡīЩ鴤ЩĿ
СȮ˼Уƺ̫ī仰˼ڳīŻ
Ȼ㻹ҵߣͷҾһ컯īЦţСȮڻ̲סһĳХ
Хӹ±ʷ洫ص֮䣬ȻؼƱá
ԭյĲ֮ϣ˲ƣŹ±ʷϿ۹һʱ䣬Ƭգӿ
ʲôʲôСӡүΪѾˣ׼ùײİˣ¸¸¸¡Զߣһֻʰ쵵Ĵ󹫼ſ˫ʣͬһֱˣŹ±ʷ淽
һ·һѤâ
󹫼īһСȮڹ±ʷ涥ŷɹĴ󹫼ҲǼѡ
󹫼ɵīǰ£ǰҵΧųīת˺üȦ۾󿴿ҿƺȫԼġ
СӼʱ䡭һʵȻѾﵽ̶ֳˣ󹫼ȷīǰһˣһ𾪵Ŀųīʵ
īǺһЦԴ󹫼̫Ļ˵ʱԴ󹫼һı飬īúһ
бŴ󹫼˵󹫼˵𣿡
ֵطʲôû˵ȵȡ˵ʲô󹫼ҡͷԣһмģ漴ع˼Ŀųī˵ǻ磿
ǰûǻ磬˵𣿡īʵ
󹫼һ̲ס𾪡ӣСȮЩ٣̲סͽ

ƨСƹ㶮ƨ󹫼һСȮȻ󲻿˼ĵʱ䣬㾹Ȼ˻磿
ǰȻĻҵʵôôīȻ˵
ܵġѪôǿҲܹ󹫼ŬԼ𾪿װģʵϣı𾪵ˡ
磬󹫼Ȼ֪ģҲ
켦һѪȻһ֣ҲԲ£켦磬ûġ
ֻϧ귢ʵʱ򣬴󹫼ϵ켦Ѫ˳һ롭
ȻĻôܶѪִţ
Ȼ켦Ѫߣô÷Ѫ
һ죬үܹģ
ʲôģ󹫼ĵģȻԳīѣҲԸᡣ
ֻһΣҲ޾ϣ
簡ǿһص磡
ӻһ㶫˽綼ƾ
ǣ󹫼ȳīش𣬱۷ŹʵأıأзݰСӣү꣡ȻĻͱٵˣ

СȮڳīĻﲻķͽ
ȻСȮһ㶼ͬ󹫼Ļ
СȮ˵ĻһóĵЦꣿܳһξ㲻˺ðɣҪǽ֪ʲôʱܼأ
󹫼бһСȮЦүͳȫֵģСƹʲôһȥ
˵ţһĿųīī磡ȿȡīүɡС
͡
īûסݺݵһ۴󹫼еϢ
簡ı˽˵һ֣ǾرүĻģƭүү֪Ķܴ󹫼һ࣬ųīóüү
īЦЦ˵飬˵һ¡
󹫼ųīʲôǱȱҪģ
벻磿īû󹫼Թ˵
˵ʲô󹫼ǡ


381 ƋO
˵𣿡īһ顣
󹫼˰ΣȻͻȻ˸ͷһбһ۳īڶң
˵ţ󹫼ŭүѪѾȵ꣬ĹޱϿƾʲôܴҽ磿СӣǸҪһıôǲү
īŴ󹫼ЦЦ˵أ
󹫼Ŀųīгŵı飺˵Сӣ겻ѧˣ
˵ġīŴ󹫼ȥ
밡밡밡󹫼ԭȥЩĵ˭簡ϵ£絽ɽ絽磬ĸ鲻ģǣҪǿѪûдﵽ׼Ѫ˭ܽȥ
Ϊʲôǰû磿īһ䡣
˵𣿡󹫼һ۳ī˭뵽һ˽СӣȻܽ뵽磿
ɣ󹫼СȮȴǽȥһۣǾҵĻˡī˵ʵϣҪǴ󹫼ţСȮųīĿȣʲô֮ģ˵ȻӡԼûӡҲû硣
Сƹ󹫼һСȮΪ޵Ĺһ䡣
󣬳īھһâֱӴߵĴ󹫼СȮϡ۴󹫼СȮȫ΢΢һСȮ˫ãȻУ¶һĨ֮ɫ
īоǰһ䣬Ȼ󣬸ܵ˷ӵ۵Ϣһ˵㿴ⲻǽ𣿡
󣬳īſ˫ۣΧĻ
ھ̸֮ҲǵһʹãרŸĵطīҲǵһ
óīû뵽ǣ⾹Ȼһ嫾޴Ĺ
ƬĹȻһɽɽ۴αȣµϣš
ĵطһ㳡
㳡ͷһߴĹ棬һңдɷĴ֡
㳡ܴ󣬷εĹ㳡ǧɣ㳡ž޴ɫʯ塣
īһ½ţһɵµʯ壬ȴ˿ͬʱһ΢ķ
ī¶ϲɫ漴ɵʩչȭеȭŵȥ
һ𾪵Ĵ󹫼ವһԶСȮ΢΢һȴû
飡
īһȭڵϣһ졣
Գīľ۷ľ磬һȭֻɡҪһɽͷҲ׾١
һȭ󣬽µʯ壬ȴû˿ˣ
īһϲȷطйڱġ
󹫼һһ׳յĿųīڸʲô
طԺΪ䳡д裡ī˵
֪ոڸʲô󹫼ʵ
ī˵ȻǲһǿȣȻĻһŪˣǻҪԼؽ
󹫼̲סڻ꣬治֪ôġѵ֪еĽй򱣻𣿡
Ҿ֪вܶ䡣īͷΪȻ˵طרſٳģ˭֪ʲôҪһµġ
󹫼ۣ˸žɲĹâųī˵طרŸ㿪ٳһط
ǰôˣī˵
Ļɣ㾿ʲôͷȻûΪı򡣡󹫼һޱ𾪵Ŀųīã˵үˣڸıˣ
һԵСȮ¶˼Ŀ⡣
󹫼ЦСƹ֪Ѿ⿪ӡˣ¸¸£⼸ļ䣬ӦúɣһĳﹷоΣ
ī΢΢һ漴СȮʱСȮ񣬸֮ǰȫͬˣһƬ֮ɫ
ǡĽ⿪ӡˣīһ䡣
̲СƹҲǹջOСȮͻȻĵ˵һ䣬࣬С̡
óīһСȮ֮ǰŽԪ֮ǳս
󹫼ǳ˳飬˸۵ѧ˵˻ˣоһˬɣ
ߣƋOһߣ漴һ䣬һŮŻȹʤѩǳüɽʮޡųīʩ񣺡лӵڻƋO֮ʵлܴƋO뵽ָأƋOԸΪŮڹߡ
󹫼ЦǸѾͷ
ƋO俴һ۴󹫼Ƶ˵۸࣬ǲǸֵˣ
󹫼ವһܵī¶ԴŭѾͷûģ꼦үôȫô
ƋOһҪǿһķϣովͶˣ
˵ţųīһЦӡ


382 ׻Ƴ
īͷߣһ˵⻭ת̫죬оЩӦ
ԻƋO˵ʵͬܲӦͬʱжЩ
طԲ˽磬ؼ˽˲֪ٱ
ôһᣬûпѾоһҪͻƵĳ嶯
ҪܹһֱطԼɳʲô磿
ԼЩ롣
˵ŽԪ޴̻࣬ߡ
ʵϣҲеľŽԪ޶ôиߵ֣֮ŽԪͬҲˡ
ƋOǸ̵һˡ
ڽһ˲䣬ܵǿĳƋOķӡ˲⿪
Ҳ˵һСȮĻƋOѾѹ
Ȼʱ䣬ƋO׷ӡڽ⿪ӡһ̣ʱ䷢飬̼ȫ
īһͨˣƋOĿܣȻ뿪
īһͨˣط󹫼ʶ㲩ļһﶼޱ𾪣˵ƋOŽԪˡ
о˵һĻᣡ
īȻ뵽ط˵εġ
ŽԪޣΪ˽飬Ȼǽġ
⽾Ҳֶ˭
ԣƋOϣѡ
ţδһΪԼѡڡ
㡭ʲôˣīǰüĿ续ŮЦʵ
عӵĻʲôˡڸߵսУˣȲѽӡ˹ӡƋOɫ΢΢һ죬˵ϵϢҾðȫǣ˹ߡ
󹫼бԴһۻƋOǺø̶ܵȣҲǼˡ
˵˾˻ƋOһ۴󹫼ӵһμʼͲԸȻˡ
󣬳īŻƋOʹ󹫼ʼĴι
ġġչصġзһӦȫ󣬳īҲòĬĬĸл顣
Լʲôϵģλˡ
󣬳īҪ뿪󹫼ͻƋOʱ򣬴󹫼ȷʾҪƋOЩԥ
īҲоƋOƺҲ뿪Ͼеʵ̫ŨĻ綼˵ͼ˽ˡ
īԼҲһ㣬ڻ꣬ոջص˽ʱǹ±ʷԪȽϳԣĵطȻֺĸоо˽Ŀࡣ
ʵʲģǻеĿ̫ã̫ḻִ
ˣʱɣһȥһЩ鰲ٺ֮󣬾ͻīŴ󹫼ͻƋOϣ´μǵʱǶͻơ
ƋOԥһ£ӣҪȻһǸ˽ɣ˽ӦûҪ
īҡҡͷЦ˵ûϵԼӦӦʵڲУٻǣ
ƋOһ۳īͷǺðɣ´μƋOƋOӦþѾˣ
󹫼Ƥ󹫼Ǵ󹫼
īޱĿһ۴󹫼Ȼڰ֣ʧ
Ŀųīȥ֮󣬻ƋO̧ͷһ۹㳡ͷϵңӵ򵥰ڻֵطȻܹӵһ˽˵Ĺǲ˼顣
󹫼һۻƋO˵СѾͷѵ˵粻ɣ
ƋOһ۴󹫼̫Сˡ
װ֪󹫼Ц
ʣ󹫼Ҳ졣
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385 
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ľ˵ţȻ̧ͷųī˵ȻôˣǱߣҲʲôӦ
ֻҪϻţͲʲôӦī˵
ǡ콣ǱߣľƺѾ˽ɫʼĿ
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⣬ݲľ濼ˡ
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˵ľǸλã޵ĽֻҪܹ֡õ
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ԹҪȳī֮ĶԹ̫࣬һֱȫ콣Ǳ߲ϵҳī鷳
׻˵Ҳ콣Ǳ˹գīܲһ㷴ӦûС
˵һ콣ŵĵڳīϣ˫ǲݡ
콣ŻǳīҪˣѾˡ
ģľһĨɫ
ѵַңھȥīվľЦ粻˳ٰ
˵ţīһľ⣬׸ͷ˧ǱߡѾк
ʲôľоһɺ˳Լĺһ·ϴܣĿɿڴĿųīȻ˵£
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ӦǱŹĺϢǡľϣ¶һЦݣȻУҲɢһǿҵƣƣѾܾöûϳֹˡ
һΡƺڸ׸ʱ
ûľ΢΢˫ۣа
īľˣ˭ûľ˻ʵԺ󣬻ζԴ£ΪͲᡣ
ľǸ൱ˣֳīܶԸģתͷīá⻹ʲôҪǣıԼ磡
Ǹʱĳī˵ʵԶûнʵ
˵ĳ̶ֳ˵ľĻ֣Ҫ
۲Ŵԣ統ϣΪ˴ⷽ棬ȴҪʤ̫ࡣ
ī뿪뿪׻ƳǣиٷС
콣֪϶̵ʱӦǱиִɱЩǳīҪġ
ԣǻûзӦһֲ
콣šͳΪ˽磬ǸӺˣ
īΣͬһ磬ڵԴԴϣӰ粽۵糸
һպ󣬳ī콣ŵɽǰ
ǰºۼĹɽţīһ̾˻ٵɽŵĴ㡣
κһܹ̾伸ǧɣԼĶ֮Ӧñءֻϧκһɣᾭʢ˥һĻ
ˣٻ⡣
īɽǰ˳̨ףһȥ
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ʲôģ
콣ŵһעųī
һĻʶ
īϣ̲ס¶һ˿Цݣ˵ŵġ
Ųյӡڳī˵ͬʱһЦͬʱ˵ֻ˵һ룬˫ۣ˼ĿųīȻ󣬺ȻЦ˵ʲôСӱż˰ɣ
һ콣ŵӣҲ̲סЦþûְ׳ˣоڿ֤һҸѧ׽ˣ
˵ţ˲νī


389 ˭
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أ
ôûˣ
ѵֻþ𣿡
ôܣҸո˵ģ
콣ŵӣһ͵˶ˡ
ţ໥һۣӶԷпһĨȻ֮ɫȻͬĵǲǼˣ콣ŵȫ˸£ɫҰס
ϣǾңԶɷ򣬴һŭ
ôôǵһ˵
Ҳáǵһ˵
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ʲôô죿ţģûɱɱʲôʲôɽȥ𣿡˵콣ŵӣԴһЩʱҪ׶ԷѰģǸ׳ˣ
ʱ콣ɽϣһƬĹ㳡֮ϣīѾһȺսһ
콣ŵīŭС꣬벻㾹
Ǳ콣ŵһڳϣҲȫΧȻ֪īǳʲôıӵȻеܵ콣ŵڵȻˣͱȥˣ
īҲøȺ˷ϻĿ콣ԼǼĳϣȺˣǱ뵽׻ƳУһ֣ش
ҼȻˣȻȡǹͷģī˵ţ콣һ֣һâ˲콣
ۣ
콣ûüٶ˵һ仰ǵâüֱӴ
ͨһ콣ŵʬ嵹ڵϣһ˫ۻɵϴ󡣷·ţһ֮ǿһ֣Ȼˡ
Щϣȫһƺϳǵâʲô̲סĽôϡСôˣ
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ⲻǵڲԭǸ𣿡
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īһܣĿ֮е콣ŵӣȫͷ­һ˸Ҹӣ
ң൱һΪ͵ģһֱӹµ
ɱҡ
ûϵɱҰ
ֻͨӡɱǣ
īûдȺˣȺѰţҲûӰаûãȻ㲻ɱ㣬Ҳٷϵһ
ʱԶͻȻ䴫һŭ𣺡˸콣Ŵɱ䣿ϷҪʬΣ
ţһӰͬһŹâ㣬߸ٳˣͬһǰ㡣
죡
һ죡
ѹľ˵콣ŲöԸ̻ǲǳ
ī俴ǵӰϷɽǵӰɵīͷϿյʱ򣬳īͻȻԭԾȻ󡭡ݺһţˡ
ҹȥ
䣡
˲ţ
˵ĽšֱӶײһ
һ춯صһ죬ͬһ㡣
ܶ콣ŵѪ
ȻӰʱһīӲ˻ȥңһŭĲҺ
һȵȹǡˣ
˭ī콣Ͽգ⣬ͬɨ˷
콣ŵһɽɽ֮Уһ뷢԰׵ߣ淢һ飬·𶼸޹ء
콣ЩϵԼոһֱӱϵһȣ뷢԰׵ߣȫ޶ԣ˿ûжݡ
īһɤӵʱߵ˫ۣȻһĹââֻһš


390 콣ʦү
ţ΢΢˫ۣȻ૵Ϸֻ벽ͿԶɽٷ˼ĶԹԹָϷʲôϵ콣šϷҲʢһʱκɣ˥һ졭һ죬ʵûʲôֱ𡣡
˵ţ̾һϷɽٳɹҪ뿪ǰһ̡СӣϷ϶ҵ㣬㣡ҲҪľ壡ҪΪǿͲҪۡ
īվڰգչʶʼ
콣ŵЩǣûʲôȤȫᡣ
콣ŵЩ̣ȴһŹ
ǲܽ콣ŵĵ̳׸ˣôһ죬鷳
īһչʶһþҸҸʲôģˡ
ʱǸһȵǿߣȻһγųī߳˹
ī΢΢һˣ㲻
Сֺλкξ壿Ҫ콣ţҾӦ˵ţ쾳ǿߣһγųī֡
Լ˵ô콣żļӺңҳԱ˳ŵܵī俴ˣȻʣǾͳȫ㣡
˵ţīУͻȻһѵ
߱죡
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꣡
쾳콣ǿߣԭһ˫ŭӣڿ߱쵶һ˲䣬ʱһƬãȻ
⾪ޱȵһ˵ͨʿܲ
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쾳콣ǿߣʬ䣬ˤǹ㳡֮ϡ
콣ţһƬţ
ûһ˿
ʱ򣬳īĿ⣬׼Զһɽɽ˵ôͽͽﶼˣϲĻҪװ𣿡
ī˵꣬Ǳһ㶯ûС
ī̲סЦʱ򣬻Ĵң˼벻콣Сǿһ棬Ȼֻͷڹꡭ
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һ죬ɽֱӱһӰ
ͬʱһͬŭ𣺡С˵˭ͷڹꣿ
һ뷢԰ףƾɵ۵ߣವһ£ڳīǰ̧־һƣҪɱ㣡
ҲУī˵ţһȭ뷢԰Ĺơ
飡
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뷢԰׵ߣͬҲϰɣò˼ųīôǿ
ʱ콣Ź㳡Щɥĵǣȫǿϣһ㣬ޱеĿ⣬뷢԰׵ߡ
콣ŵĿɽ𣿡
ҼĻ񡭡һģһ
šǵ澹Ȼϣ
ɽˣǵþˣ
̫ˡڳɽˣһþˣ
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桭
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뷢԰׵ߣȴһԲֻĶųīͬʱпĸ˵ǵһɷǣȻ콣šλ콣ſɽ棬ˡ
Ҫ֪˭ģ޲ֽնɱ
Сӣɱ콣ôˣ𣿶ĳҪ콣նɱ뷢԰׵߲û˵ڣǲôķʽԳī˵
Ҳܹⷬ˵Ȼ㳡Щ콣ŵĵӣȫˡ
ĿһĿɽʦүȻһ˵˭Ҳܽ顣
īȴǸʲôӣ˵˭˵Ҫ콣¶նɱˣϹôûɱĶ콣ųϵģЩӡɱһô
㳡Щˣʱ΢΢һΪʲôɱһ꣬ͻȻ˵ⷬ
ҲдģµԼߵʦү˼˵ʲôˡ
뷢԰׵ɫ䣬ŴīѾɱôˣԩ˽ⲻ˽ᣬѵ㻹ϷĸƴδؾͲܽ
īһЦٴûô˵Ҵûǹ콣ţڲԭϣ콣һĵӣҪңʱĶ֣ˡ
Ȼһġ
ʱ㳡ϣһ
ࣿĪ֮ǰõĻƽࣿ
Ӧþǡ˵Ѿˡ
ȻҲɱԹѹҲ϶ˣ
īû㳡ϵЩ콣ŵĿɽ棬˵콣ŵһڳϣܵڵĴĹ׻ƣһȺͬʱҳ֡
ҵʱˣһ㡭ͳ
ʱˣ֮󣬻ص׻Ƴǣһܣ١Ҳ콣ŵİɣ
īϣ¶֮ɫ˵콣ûûˣ㣬㻹𣿡


391 ֮
뷢԰׵Ǿҵĳ鴤Ҳû뵽ԼɣȻֲ֮䣬ĶԹ
ãЩѵĿڣһΣûô
Ȼ˵ģΪ档ڣѾɱôˣ𣿻Ҫɱȥ𣿡뷢԰׵콣˵ţȴҧгݵķģСվǸˣ鲻ḻҷ϶̵һʱСҶɽٳɹģ
īȴ
㡭СӣҪ̫콣汻īôӵۣûñȥ
īŭЦұ̫ðɣһûгԹһʲôоһɲ䣬ҲԲī˵ţĹâ䣬콣棺죬͵һα̫Ķˣ
˵䣬īһŲȻӰ粽ֱ콣档
콣ҲīƳ˻Ҳ˲Ԫģֱȫīֱսһ
ò˵˽͵ȼ磬ܿɣչ鶼򵥡
콣ŵһֽ뻯Ѿ
īһ߸һɳĻܷɾ͵˵ɡЩ磬˵Ӧòѣ
һž޵Ű
ֻϧ˽磬ֻϧϵĶ֡ǽʱյĳī
ҲעĽ֡
飬ӡܷͨӳս״̬ǳīĶ֡
˵δ̤ߡ
Ҳֻޡ
߱һն콣üһ̣λ˽綥ǿ֮һ콣棬־㵡ںޡʵĸ飬ޱŨ
һ˫ۣһֱųīһֱʧȥȥҲû˵һ仰һֱųī۾
ǳīľԲ϶ᱻ񿴵ҡ
ĳīȴǾĳī
콣񣬳īģûκβֻǵ˵˾䣺ϣ˭ȭͷ˭ϴ󣬷»Ҫһ㴴콣ţʲôҲ֪˽죬һûеɣͽͽᡢԵѪ˽ݽ档ԣǸ
ī˵ţһۼȥ콣棺㣬Ǵʼգ֮·ɽ첻Ҹұ֤֮ˣ϶ĺܿ죡Ϊ֮󡭡´󼪣Ǹ磬˽п
콣濴īĿУƺһʲôǸӵ񣬽ʧƺ¶һĨȻ֮ɫ
ţ忪ʼ壬һƳɢ֮䡣
ī̾һ漴Ŀ콣ĵӣ˵ӽ콣ŽɢȸɢȥɣҪģѡɣҪع׵ģһԼȥȡǱ˵ĸΪԶ֮
īģȴÿһ콣ŵӵСˡȫ鲻ԽĹڵأ̫
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֪㻹콣ţϣΪ֮ī˵ţһֱʧ֮С
콣ɽϣЩ콣ŵĵȫֱī˺ܾ֮󣬲֧ŲסĵһãȻ
ţˣһȻصĵУƺȫʧȥɣȫ˵
һĻԶǵУǶǡ
պ󣬳īӰڲԭ֮ϣѾЩȲģҪԼˡ
ѾϦµˣҪһӲܹϾΣҲгīٶȵġ
׻ƳǱߣᷢʲô飬īҲȥˡ
ԭеȨԾûʲôȤǴĵĻʵԼƳīīҲȥʲô˼
˵Ż˵ĺеϱ£ӹ֮
ѰӹţŵֻԼΣһ֮ţŵġȴĽɽ
īոսڣ˵˴Ǳ߷˾䡣
ͻȻز޷ֳͼıҪЮֻϣȻϽλ
˧׸һһģչжȻͬټľϵλ
һ¼ʷơ֮䡱Ϊһ죬ǴĴͳڣ¾ա
īڳʳǵһҾƹ棬ĺžƣдЩ˷ܵۡ
ǵģУ񣬶Ĵ
ԴǱ߷飬Щ˵ȣҪӸһЩ
īţҲЩ꣬ôɣҲ䵽һ
ľʵһľ
ӦòٽĿͶˣϾոյϵλĹҪ飬ʵ̫˵㡣
ңֻҪ;⡣
ڳīЩʱ򣬶ͻȻ䴫һ𾪵ġͰ͵ӣ


392 󷢵
īع̧ͷһǰˣ΢΢һһӣī̲סЦָָ棺
ҡ

лллӣƺһţСϣƣͬѧϿͯƨɾͰһӱߡ
㰡ī΢΢ҡҡͷȻʵ𣿡
ţͦͦõģӦáӦû˲һѶͷĺˮԲӣЩȻŤһ£ʾ˴˿Ĳƽ
˲Ǳˣò󷢣
ֿȵĴ֮һĲҲ
ʵϣ̬ģ߷ݵģΪīعϢѾһǰյˡ
ʱ棬һƬڡٻ¶ЦݵǼλȫһЦһᣬȻһīǸûĵ˵
Ҳźݺݵ˼䣬ϣȴһ䲻¶
λүĵУ˱󷢸
һֱ̫ҲϸԼ˲̫ҡԭ򣬾ǲҶ϶λүǲˣ
Ҫˣǻ˵ƾ󷢵ı£Ҫ˼꣬ܽľȫƿԼϣʱ󷢵һ仰
λүҪûҪǸֻһ
Ǿǡ
еڶֽ
󷢵ʵǱȽڵһֽģϾѾˣһϢûУͲ
ȥʱ򣬳īүү޵дĻϣϹҪն
һΣīŵĻ;Բܲ
ȻûðգԽԽ궯ļˣһЩ˵ĹĶʼձǡ
֪λүó飬Ǵ漣
һһСүҪǻŵĻʲô飬ȵλСүðɾʲôˡ
Ѿ󣬲ٷˡ
ԣ¼еЩ˺ߵ£ĶԹԣҲȻرģҵҵһһڳٵķԸ
ľãɫ
Ȼ꣬ûѾ߱һ̫ƽʢҪһ
㡭īЦǺǵ˵
󷢵ıһᣬŵӣЦ˵үٲСĿɾ͵ѹסЩˣҪ췴˰
⻰˵üֱ죬󷢾˵ˣ˵ֱ׳
īЦЦһ󷢣ٸףҾͲţûֶѹЩ
һֱѹ󷢿ЦֻǹҲ֪šҰûͷ
ˣ֪йͣҲ˲ίͷһ㵽Ĳġī˵
ԭǱߣīһֱԥҪҪһҰģīһֱο󷢣īͷͻȻͨ
ԼվҪ뿪ģңʱӦòܳˡ
˽ĺܣ
үүȻСˣԼڣ̸Լ¼ССùõġ⣬˵ھѾء
ЩԼһˣ˽磬ҪһЩˣǱݻźá
ϴ񣬳ī۽磬ѾǵǸ˽ˡ
΢΢һ漴¶ϲ֮ɫԭͺ˵ȦȻӡ
㲻ǰɡīǳ˳飺һϼһôҲõĻƽϣȨĴֵطȻᣬҲЦ
ʵϣѾкܶ¶͵͵ˡ
ǳǣͨĴʶĻ治ࡣ
Ĳү
Ȼһᣬ˾ʲôݣѵ˽ô
īҪ֪Щ˵뷨϶Ӷˣ走ǴٷĶӣ
ʲôԹӿޣûǸʸأĨһ۽ǣһЦ¾ôҲǹӸİ
īһĿ󷢣֪һһϷȴҲ
ˣλСүǻ֪ذɣСʵ
ţӦ˵Ǳߵ˰ɣīʵ
󷢵ͷҪڹӵ鱨š
īЦЦ˵У߰ɣһȥǣ
ϣ󷢵ϣʱ¶˷֮ɫ֪ڸԼ׳أ
ߣȻǳīİףʵϣϵɷȴҲͦӵġ
÷һϵٴŸߴɵˣҲһϵƮ칬Ǳߣһϵүӷ޵յĲ¸󹤾ţһϵ
ֻЩϵ˵ԼС̣ܵ˵һϵ
٣ڵָǵʱ򣬲κ⡣
ߡˡ


393 ɰ
ͶīݵλͺܸߡûƽϣݲģҲ˲õˣбǮ˵ڳ󷢵ݵλӦһһĲŶԡ
ȥƺҲȷҲãүӷ޵Ҳã󷢸൱ߵغɡ
ʵϣȴеȦ֮ġ
⵹Ǳ˲ԼͶġֻǳī
ǳ
īȴʧˣһʧꡣ
ȻĻߵЩ˺Ͳ£Ҳʲôġ
ҲûԹȥȴڽȥ
йأԷͬŲСĹϵ
ǳīֵܣٺ͸ߴɵǶǳīľĸƮ칬ǳīһֽģȻīΪ޵ǳīүү
ֻ󷢣ˡ
ƫƫ󷢻ƹľʲôС飬벻֧֡
ԣһֱ󷢵ݣе⣬еΡ
ҲͲȥԣΪīĲٻôгһգ뿪ǱȻĽ
ãû͵ļޣīڻˡ
īһ̣ĳ嶯˵Сǻˡ
ȴû뵽īȻ˴ӡ
ȥЩˣǸ˶ףλүˣ
ʱվھƹϰһڿĿɿڴע£λĲүˣһĵЦݣȦĸߣֺˡ
ǰŸߣƹݺžֱըˡ
šոǸ˭ǸеֵˡûĻӦǵĲ󳼣ǴĲүô
ûλֵĴ˾ǵĲүλ˭˭ȥҲ氡
ôоˡе񡭡ü֧
˭

ƹݣ˲һƬ˵ȫ¶֮ɫ
ĳǳīó٣¡Ȼû˹̸ۣʵϣȴѾһˡ
ȥǳ¼֮󣬴߼˶֪ĳѾʧܾˣǸɫߵġǳǳá
ͨڶЩԣԵġ
˵ȥүӷ޵мٳ֮󣬳ٻλڷ޵У޵оܾˡ
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ʱӢݣѾǳ׵ĺ֮ˣ

ĳ
˭Ҳû뵽ովȻǵߣŸһľƣ
ȻعģǾƹݵϰ壬Ѿʮˣûκ似һСͷͬӥʳһ㣬ֱӣ󺰵С졭ϽӣЩҷǳΣǳùƺ˭׼

ǿɾĽֵϣīЩп˵ҵķأҾȻһһУܸо󷢣ѽѪע
ϣʲôǱϴĿ϶أ
У˵˿棬͸һ
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ٰݴ󽫾ǳֵôˣ
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ƾһ㣬ͿĽܾ
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پƽһЩϸϵС¡
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ıġ
ڣеĽᣬУ˲ɢ
ҲãŮҲãҲãҲãʵܶʱģ޷Ǿǡ϶֡
ӣǰ棬ڳˣǹӵļңЦŸīܵϽͳǳС㣬ס档
īǰƬΡĽͷͷѾʼе㼤
󷢽ŵԭŮˣᾭͣǺǣ֮ǰûټٰ繫֮ǰܶ˶ΪԭŮǿ˳
īǳ˳飬ЩεЦЦ
ʱԶͻȻһȵԭŮݵ˵˿
΢΢һ漴Цпųīүɰ


394 
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ӣһԵĿųīǱóīҪ˵ĳ嶯
ǲǱһ£󷢺ٺЦʵ۾ǰ֮
īԭŮ֮Ĵ˵ʵ̫˵㡣
ûʱĳǵ֮ͥ䷢Ĺ£Ѿ˺ܶ汾
һЩƹݲ¥Уרŵ˵˵ЩΪ
ûȳīشƥ·Ľֱӳˡ
ȻٶȺܿ죬̸ǺֱײԶԶģȵԭŮǼڴˣ˵ȿɢײŮĶ飬˴󲻾֮
ʿȫǳߵˣϣһֱĺܳɫ
īЦЦˣһ·߿˿
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īһۣЦŮǲһų治С
īʱȴǵڲԭϣǸƯ־ǿŮ
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ҲΪʲôٻ뿪ǵԭɣȥһˣֱ˲ƣʢãǹһ㣬ʵ۳һΣ֮Թصī̾Ϣ
ЩĿһ۳īĵӸհԶǸǲͬ
ˣûҪƨɣīЦŵ
󷢵Ƥ֮ǰЩ꣬Ҫ٣Цĵ˵Ŀﻰ
ʼգûԳơҲûгƺīΪǵС˼īʵĺܣַ֪ʽԼĺ⣬ͬʱҲ紫һźţ²ǳʱҾ͸ˣ֮Ҳһ
˼īУûЩ˼ǳīҪء
ĳӣ˵ߣīĿţϴŵЦݣ˭Ҳʲô
ǳĳʻм䲿λӳī߾ʱͻȻ䣬ŲԭŮĳϣͻȻ䱻ƿһ϶¶һŴɴģܹɴѩļ;µ١
Լ֪ΪʲôҪʱ򣬴ĴֻǾãЩƣʶģҪ͸͸ѡ
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ƿһ۾Ȼɴ󣬷·𿴼˼һĻ
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䣬־磬Ī˵Ƿڲԭڴǿĵ۹Ҳ۷弶ľ콾ˣ
궼һš
ҲֲݸʿĸүүȫͥʿС룬ܹΪһͥʿܵĻҪΪԭͥǿʿ
츳ѪֿΪĿȥŬƴĹУõ
һ漣ʮһľǿߣ
صԭ֮ͥõĳǿʵܿΪ˲ԭµż
ֻ治ǣԭĿУһλøߵӢְۡף
һˣ
о裬ֹһζߵ˹˵ɽһңûְʲô飡
⻰ȴҶȥ˵Ϊ֪ĿУǸְ׵ˣռȫλã
ܼʣҲܲʣԭĹӦӢŵġ
һˡƾʲôܹģ
ԴӳΪߵͥʿֹ֮һΣ򰵵ʾ
ϧǣȫʯ󺣣ûеõκλӦ
ˣΪ֮ͥȴóЩףְףܾܿλ
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Ϊλһ۾ͿǸƵġ
ˣûзţһ죬Ů»ᱻж⣬Ӷ
ʱ˿̣һ˲䣬ģȻЩ䡣


395 Ϊ
ߣ˳Ŀ⣬һ۾ֱܿӢꡣ
ĳ࣬ԸӢԲλĸо
̫˧ˣ
ĵһо
ڶо̫ˣ
ǿߣͬ඼һ൱ĸ֪
Ȼ͸ǳֻҪһֱۣꡭһУ
ͬʱ棬оһƬ䣬޾ķŭ
ƾʲô
ƾʲôһ˵꣬
ͥ貶Ŀǿ鰡
ͥĿеŮ񰡣
ΪʲôҪԽۣ
͵͵ϲı˵ְҲͰˣΪʲôҪһͷʧ
ŭ֪ΪΣڵһ¾͵ȼˣһ˫ӣҲ˲ѪһƬ
īĸ֪ô
һ۵ʱ򣬳īʹϸܵĵ⡣
īûȥһֻۣǿųԼ΢΢һЦþò
Сӡ
еŭڳīгֵ˲䡭ױˣ
ʲôҲҳƺŮµ֣
ķӦҪ΢һ㣬ľ磬վûôߡҲˣӦһˡ
סֹ֣
Щˣľǿߣȫһֹܹģ
һǳҪīȥģ
ֺκα
ǰѺХĳ˵ͷһһҲܸˣ
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Ĳװװģ󷢵ʵȻĶ֣һס
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һУоԼֱ۶ľˣҲղסѵһ֡Ѿ˳ī
ˣֻǰһȻ󣬾Ϳԭǰѵ˳īУȻ󡭡Ĳϡ
Ҹԩ޳Ҫɱңīüͷ
ҪеƺûӸոյľлعҪɱְס
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Ѿְ֪׾ǳīʼգ棬µģȻְ֡
Ϊְֻףġ
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ڸչǿӲһ棿īЦЦĿǲǾãϣҲɱ㣿
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īһ˵ɱҡ
촽һ
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īû˵˵ոգǰңȻܶ㿪һҲˡһʵվѾ촦ˡ
촽ʵ
ô˵ΪǲԭϵŮ
вԭĿеŮ䣡
ǲԭµӢۣ
һ˵仰ôԭͥ󣬽һǧɣ
ԭЩѪǿҵĺӣŲ˭
ǸְӢۣҲУ
ΪְףȴǺˣҡֻӢۣ
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ڵӢۣ
仰û취˵Ҳ˵
īȻ΢΢һЦͷѴˡ
˵ţеĵǰĵһ壬뵽ʯ嵱Уǡ
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Ǻݺݵĵһ촽˶Ҳû˵ʲôˡ
վɴ¡ž׵ϣˮˢһ¾ʳ


396 
ǱѶĳٵˣҲһĻŪĿɿڴīľϲ׳ɢ
ϲīųī£߲˲֪
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վסųīıӰô𣿡
īӣ΢΢һ٣վûͷȴº͵˵˵ʲô
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ĲԭͥɲǸ۸һһ
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˵ţһѰǰĳԼĲϣųīıӰְףǸӢۣͺúôŮ£㣡
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˿ʼԭŮ޸ǳ
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ī̲ס̾Ϣٱ˼ҾЦˣ
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˭˴ԼȥΡ˵ʲôҲʧȥ㣡ն˵ͷҾͰλҸ磡ȻȥģҾȥģְס㲻Ҫٶһˡ


397 īС
ǣӽ񣬴ûֹСŵƽʣֱ껹Ҫ֣
ǵڳ棬ޱȡ˵ϣȫŷĵϲɫ
ѸһЩԭͥŮٿҪˡ
ǵŮϡ˿ﻹаŮǣ
ȫһеСŮӳֵڱףһֱڣ˫ˮӣû뿪īϡ
īߵģ͸ģȫһС˵ģ
ǣ֮ǰ޵УȻòȴƽ񣬱Ͼһ֮
ؼ޵УȴǸīһ𣬹ڵϸ޵пͷ
šòǻˣ
ЩҪǴصԭͥȥ֮ЩǻðǵƤ
ԭͥЩǹٺŮǶˡ
ǳ٣ƽ⣬Ƕƫȥ
ֻˣ۲Ĳ
ȻҲҪ
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ͬʱҲףɴλҪˣ
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⣬һͥʿ˵ѾĿ϶ˣ
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ȴƺһ㶼ģ˶ʧǵġҶ֪ΪʲôҲûʲôȥο
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˵ģȫû뵽ʱ䣬ǾȻܹ˵ĻҵīžƱЩпĿˣЦ˵ǸһĴ̴𣿾Ȼڴ򣿡
÷ȻһЦųīس
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˶Ц
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޵ȴһ㲻˶ûУȻԼ׶ӣУīĵλȻ˿
ӵ٩һ޵ҪһģЦеĿųīСīŮµĻ¡
һһɬĵүүУǧŮ£ɷˡ
ãҾиԺͽˣ޵Ҳ̫֮ˣԼӵŮѣʲôͷ
һĵĵͷȻСĿһ۳īүүǵĻ¡أϾǻС
޵кһһ۳ī̾һ˵СīүүôģǸùүүϣ㲻Ҫ
ī¶֮ɫ۽⿴һ۵һ֮̾ǰƵ飬ѾԲ꣬ǣȴ¡ңѾȥ˵زռ䣬鵤õС֮䣬κνһΡ
һصŮӣҪ˵һжûУǺ˵˵Ҫ˵īֲ֪һظô
뵽ڿٵѣī;һֱסƵĽźʹࡣ
īһײˮ۹⣬ͬʱīҲܸܵǷݽźڴ
ǵȴ˵о
ʱ˿̣ˣҲȫī


398 
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̨Цˣ
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ī΢΢һüҡ
ȻһЦɫ糺죬ųī롭ﻰȻҡҲϣܴӦ£ǣҸϣӱġ

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֣һĨʣ¶һ˿ߡ漴ЩΪѾī˼Щʵأ
īЦҡҡͷûеǣ
ûеǣ΢΢һ漴˫У¶ޱϣĹâųīƺЩˡ
īϧĿûôá
Ը⡣ԭϵŮҰҺޣȻߣȻԥ˵仰
ǣһʱ䣬𣿡īһϵĿУһЩ飬Ҫ˳ˣȻĻֱӴӦǶһ˵ĲأҲǶһֲء
ϣ˿죬ˬĵͷҶܵȣ
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ʱˮһˮΪڲڣȾƣݵλǰţڳˣ̫ǣҲҪܸӡȫˮ
ǼҵСī仰ʵ͹ˣǲأδϱˮ΢΢һЦ
һϱ鱼ŵĲԭŮӣҲЩԲķ˫գߵĵͷ
飬Ҹһˮ˵
ɱ˹ͬٱϣȫЦݡ
һٷȫܿģһֱֵŽ
󣬳īүӵķ䡣
үӣԭãֻһֱûгīϢЩǡĻˣҲ˼
鷿ˮĸ׼˲ˮЦȥ
Ҫȥտͬ˾Ƶˡ
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СӸˣã飬ֶòҪģ˼ҿǲԭϵŮүӿųī˵
Ҳī˵ӻĳأ
˰ɣҪûٶѾͷ͸ЩˣȻֻһͷζѡ޵˵
īͷ⵹ġ
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ᵽģү̾ϢһһĨˡ
࣬Ϊս˴뱲ӣͷһնĽүӵģѾǳˡ
ĴͲвīһЦүүܵίѾһˣ
ү΢΢һⶼ˼֣ųī˵ָʲôҵ˵һͳڴģ񣬻ʹ˴һܣ
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үһ𾪣ųīǸ콣ŵ漶ǿߣҼǵá˺쾳硭
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㣬ɱ쾳ǿߣүӵϣŲŵɫųī
ҲɱǸˣһȥһ콣ţ콣еǿߡǵ˵Щˣɱ˸ɾī΢΢һЦü䣬ȴǱ䣺ЩˣҪҵܲһֱȴһʾûаɣ
š㣬ڵʲô磿үӾȫŵĿųī
ӻǸӣڵĳīȴүֲϵĸо
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īүӣЩ˵䣬ԭֻүүһˣֶôˣô˵ҶҪػЩˣ˭ΪУҶŹ
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399 뿪
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˵˵Ҳ޷īȴԼõֵܣΪ֪ߡ
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400 
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ٶԳīäĿΣԣȥĶٶȥġ
˭֪ǳīãʵҸһ飬ǳٶԳī϶ŰĽ֮ġ
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ȥˣ˵ҲǾ֮͡īڰ֣ǵǵطܱ֤һ֮ڣ̤죡
ʲôһ̤죿⡭ôܣǼϷĸ漣ī仰Ȼ̨еš
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īȴ΢΢һЦﲻݵĵ֮ڣ֤ɽٷ磡
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401 Ҳ
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ҲȫͬķӦ𺳵˵
үӷ޵΢΢˫Ŀ漴˫ĿϱһǿϢ

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ոսôһᣬүӾȻͻˣ
֮ǰ䣬үѾӻƼĲǾͻƵѪʱĻۣѾѪ۷塣
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һڶŬأǻƋOֻ벽Ϳͻ죬ķ硣
ջ󣬲νԣһֱƴŬ
һܵľɫ૵Ѿ˼ˣ벻гһգȻлȥī·
£пӡҲ
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402 Ŵ
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׵ǿƥǿߣڳǰʲô³һɡȫˣ
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һԴ˭˻᲻ۺ죿
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Գī˵Щ飬ں
Ѿȥ࣬ȻǣĶ⡣
ֻߵˣܹøã˶ѡīа
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һ磿̨ܾȣ૵ʵǺʵ
īЦЦûлش̨⣬ΪûǸҪ
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гһաлĻӦðʦУҲ֪ʦʵ磬һīţ²⣺Ŀܣںʹ֮䡣
ȻĻħҲʵնɱôɽеǿߡ
˶ԵЩδ̫뿪
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ԼĺӣСǸطгһܹ׷ĽŲȴϣܳԽԼ
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ܴСҵĺӣ˵ҲܳɳΪһߣ
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īͷûзϡ
˵һŬԼ̫Զ
ī΢΢һЦᱧ˱İɣء
Ѿ̫ˣܸˡĿųīÿˣһĸ壬Լ˼룬ҲΪ̫࣬ʵϣȻǸطֵطܹһҾãģѾ㹻ˡ
ܴī˵ǸطۼѪǿһȺˣʱ뵽Ƭ֡Ӷ뵽Ǹط϶ǳīרΪǿٳġ
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ʱһͻȻӳī¶һЦݣȻŵ˸Ʈ칬ȥμŴᣡ
īȻ󹫼Լ˵Ļʵʲôʱ򣿡
һµ
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403 ƽ絤
ŴᣬīܾǰѾ֪ˣ֪Ҫ˸ࡣ
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մ󹫼˵ĴҪɹãڳīڹõʲôöĴǱߣ²ô˵
ԣīŴ֮ǰ̤쾳磬ͻϿȷһʧˣ
˽Ŀھ֮󣬳īʱ
ʵҲûУЩ֮󣬳īһν뵽˻С
ûȥֱӻص˻ǡ
ͽȫͬĿھԳī˵Ǹļṩһ֮ء
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ҪеҪڿʼŬˡ
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鵤õƹʱЩΪǼλóĵûбչأô»С
Ʒʵƽ絤ȻûôڼλҲǣڼλȫһ׷Ѱ֮·ﻹ˼ȥ鵤ߵ⣿
ʱƹͻȻǱ߻վһīأʱĿͶī
īʱȴǽתһԣдƹ
ƹʱҲ˳ī뱩¶ԼĴжʱһϲϲɫĵóϹٹҲҪöҩɣϹٹȰѲϷ⣬ȲøˣƳһ֪ͨϹٹӡ
Ϲ˿¶֮ɫĵҩ̵꣬ģ³ɣл
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404 Ų
ī˼ĿϹȥıӰ΢΢¶һĨЦݡ
Եˣôݡ
Ϲ骵ôģīǵáţԼҪԳīĿվ⣬Ϲ骿϶׷Ź
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ƽ絤УһţʼյԷ𣿡
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ԡĸƽ絤ɣһöĸͳӵʮ֮ڣʱӦԷĴڡ
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ϹóĲҲʵڣǰһٿƽ絤׼ġ
ȻҲֻǶԳī˵ʵڣʦ˵Щˡ
Ʒʵƽ絤ٲһҲʵʦʦҲұ֤һܳɹ
Գī˵Ϲ骼ֱˣ
¯񣬻ûʧء
˵ʱƷƷĵҩƷʵĵҩƾ¯һʧˡ
Ϊ˱īһĸƽ絤ɢϢĵҩīҲаޣҩ磬ǲûҩҲôĻ
󣬳īŵҩʣµЩϣһԵģƳһʮƽ絤
ǵģֳԭ
ţīһĽ鵤ҪЩҩƺá
еĵҩȫ֮󣬳īҪǰһˣ׼ȥԣûлȡе֮ˮ

ϿգվżʿеŮ绨
ϵı飬ҲɣЩˣž޴
˵鵤õСʱӵƽİ㣬һ˷ɳ˻ǣ˻п˴һȡһϴżϧı飺ǿϧһ֮Ůúõһ仨֪˭ժߡ
ҵ֮ӣһ̳һΪѾ˷۷壬ûȥаΪҪϡҪа
˲͵زа񣬶ûʲô
ϰ֮󣬻¶Լʵ¶ڱǰмҲϲ
һģʮֽӽӣĵܵӢһ۷ʿЦư˵ǱƽҩˣǺЦ鵤õĹȻҩˣƽҲǸùߵģ˵ԴĲֵ
һɫŮǾͶЩȤʱ䣬оһǽķ
Ůӣʫؼңһ֮Ůһ磬Ѿ˷ڵ۷壬ʱ̤޽ɾ硣
һԲòʮֿɰŮͷʫʫ˵ĶԣʱȥЩ£Ҫô
ԲŮжʫһͬĴ嶭ңһ콾ֶŮʫ츳Ҫɫ
ӺСʱ;Ѫֵõʮ꣬һΪѾﵽ˷۷壬Ҳʱ̤޽ɾʿ
⼸иͬ㣬Ƕϲͷ¶棬˲ĸа񣬶˵һûС
ʵ಻ˣǼеϱΪеЩЩΣ̽Ѱ˵أͽ󱲣磬͵㡣
ˣʵв١
ԽҲī˵Уеǲ¶ţκʱ򣬶Ҫ־Եľ衣
ŮĻһЦ˵ĺˣһΣҴģĻ֮ˮһᱻǵõ
ĻʫͶϣȫ¶˷֮ɫ
Ӣֵˣһֱ׷ʫͶŮ֮ˮн磬޼ֵ֮Թ
ֵ˵ܲȡ˻ģٹصĶҲϧ
ΪʫͶȫǼΪľʣʵŮӣʺˮϵ
ңҪǣܹ֮˫ݣô
һ㣬˵ӢֵܣңޱӣҪٳ׮¡


405 ȺӢ
磬ȻҲǴ壬ؼҺͶұŲСĲ࣬ˣҪɹͱҪĴۡӢֵܣҲó㹻ĳſԡ
֮ˮ֪Ȼ࣬ҲԲ١
֮ˮˣ಻ʤʧܸա
ˣӢֵȻҲ㹻׼ȻЩ
һʱԲ֮ҹݣԲ֮ҹӦȡ֮ˮʱ̣Ӣ˵
һ˵֮ǰҸ磬Ѿ飬ѹƵ졭һʼĺӦǸ硭̫ˣ
ʫһЦ˵ҲȻʵÿһ磬ÿһص㣬ǸȻȫҲջ񡣡
ʫʫ˵ǡϹάȴǺܲΪȻҸ翴ŮľʣҪ˫ݣǶֹطȡ֮ˮ쾳иƨġѹƵǸ磬˶ܵҪ
Ӣζ¶ģϣһֱ޺Цݡ
ʱԶһڵ㣬߷
ߵȫǵ߷Ӱ
΢΢һüĪҲȡ֮ˮ
ӢǹôòǸ߰ɣ
ʫ˵ߵĻӦûֵطǡ
˵Ǹ֪ļһءӢ˵
۾һۣ˵Ӣ˵ˡ
ĸ˵УΨһ˫Ŀ˱Ƚ͸ܿ˿ĶҲһһ˫Ŀ
ãô˵ʫԶǵӰԵĶ
˵Ǹ˵ʵĺ졭Ǵðģʵ
ڳļ˶ʱһĿȫЩ
ָое˽УˣһȽΣյĵطͻȻ䷢һѧ·ſɿСƨһ
жˡ
ôˣǲ֪Ӣǳ鴤˵
ôҲ˵ľ磬пˣûȻţһ۲ΪȻĵܵܣˣĽֵطҵʵʵ࣡
磬ҾˡӢЦ˵ôˣûһҲаǧˣмˣɹȡ߹֮ˮأһ˶ûаɣ
룬Ҳõܵ˵ĻƺЩû˵ʲô
һ˵Ҫǵõ֮ˮǿԸѽ
ʫŶһĽ̲סЦСӣִʲô⣿֮ˮôĶû
ӢҪǱҵõ˻ɾɲˣ
ǾǣЦ˵ôС飬ʿ㲻ϵļһз𣿡
ʫ¶һ˿ЦǱˣһµĹء
˵֮µ飬ܵ򱣻ġ
ӢͶȫһùʲôѽ
˵ĵõţԸǽѵġ
ʫͷм͡
Ϊӵܣϣûֲ̫һϢģһֺгǸĳȡ
һˣ̫гǸ˲ϲȴߣֻһǸ͵ˣʲôЦܿһˣû
ıˣϹ콾һȣֱǳû
īҲԶĵӰӷŮӾɫǡī̧ͷһͷ񷣬˿ǻƻ裬ЩǳѾĺɫС
һᣬ¾Ҫ
µʱȡ֮ˮʱ̣
ǱߵĸˣóīжЩֹ
ʲôѵҲҪѰ֮ˮģī΢΢üͷһ۽ͬһĻ
˿̣ƽ˾棬ͬһ澵ӡ
ī֪ٹһᣬ֮ʱϣͻһţֻͨǵŽȥл֮ˮ
ǵţֻŻѣű󡭡֮ء
ڴʿ˵ǵšѾԵסˣ
ΪǵţûƷʵƽ絤޷
Ʒʵƽ絤ô׵õģ
īھ˻мʮĵطͣ˽ŲȺ˿̫
й򱣻ī̫ࡣ
Ϊһ죬֮Ǳͻʧ
һ㣬飬Ҳֹ
ʱңԶߣٴηһӰ
˵ٶȼ죬سɴ磬գۼ䣬ͳ˳īǰ
˿ûһ۳īԹ˳߹ȥﻹЦҵ˭ⲻҵСֵ𣿡


406 ƻ
ī۾ŴԶˡ
һϮ£üǣûдüᴩǵǵĵ̵Ļһ൱Ӣˡ
̺ۣƻʹ˲ЦʱԵúЦʱ򡭡
ƻ͡㣿
ЩīԤϵǣ˵СֵܣȻûԤеķŭޱȾĿˣг䱸֮ɫ
ʫͶŮҲü΢Ȼ¶Щ죬ȫûз
īһݣ˵ʵӦúǿȻĻߵĸˣַ̫ܻӦ
īǵһ磬еЩ콾һʲôƢһģ˵㣬֣˵㣬۸ڶԲԼ˵ƣʲôƢ
ǰ˵֮ˮȡݲ衣ƻ͵ϣ¶һĨЦݣǵλεĵ̣ʹЦݿȥ졣
ԲѣǱߵĶڻûסм˵һ䡣
ⲻǶҵ֮Ůƻƺſһ㣬¶һĨаȵЦݣŶ￴˰죬ֱѶ￴˫糺죬ҪźٺЦ˵ǾʣСḷ́ŲţҲΪɣ
˵Ҹ÷ãӢӢϣŭ֮ɫ˵泰ֱָģӢҲ̲סˡ
ȻЩɵƻͣӢҲԸɵˡ
áƻų˵ƨ
㡭ӢŭֱӾҪ
һԵĸס⼤ŭأ
ƻ͹ЦҪŵСҪеСӣúѧѧûУ
Ӣһ˫ۺҪһ㣬俴Żƻͣ裬ձؼӱ
˰ɣףСӣûģھֵһϣƻģһΣҲûʲôˣǴԻؼǵĽȥСӱˣҪؼҼҳ𣿡
ĿŻƻ˵ƻͣ˼𣿡
˼ôû˼ƻ֣һԼ̣ǵĽ㣬̣ҵȻҪʱʱ̶̿ǣϲ͸ҵҲҪһݴ˵ǲأ
Զĳīʱףϴŵ̵ĺˣǶֵܵĽ֮䣬źĶԹ
һ˵ƻͣ飬ҽ֮飬˵ҽЩ֣׮£ԭһֺαأ
ƻЦЦУ䣺𣿴ʲôǴ󣿡俴νĴ󣬲һƼҵʧˣҪڻ飬һƻûʲô˵ģŻ£ǵҼġ
ӢϣȫһƬ࣬裬ٺõƢҲܣ˵ԭͲʲôƢˡ
ôƻЦ˵ѵʵ𣿻ڻͻڻ飬ֻҳе㲻Ҫˡ飬ֲûУô¶಻ʤǵĺý㣬׿սǿᣬȻҪɱҡǺõĺܰһƻ󣬽ûôġ顯һ춼
ҽ㵱Ϊ£Ҳܵ˼ΪĳͷңƼңҲ˲˵ľ磬ǵ̸ʲôֺα
˵ãƻ̾ô˵һллǲǣ
Ҳ˼˵
ƻʱ򣬲ٴǽĿ⣬תʫͶѾͷ֪ҶʲôɫҪǵľ֮壬ΪƤҩһǣ
ƻ͡ˣϣǷŭ֮ɫһڼĿĵķŭ
ʫʱһĨŭĿһۻƻͣʲôԹҵ飬벻Ҫϡ
Ӣˣȫ΢΢һһ㶣漴Щ˼Ŀʫ
ʱңԶʣӵĵطһâֱſţâ䵽ҹС
һ£·ӻ
ؼ䣬ʱһƬ»ԡ
Ϸһ͸ţµ£ӰӰ´µıճ˴µ״
˵Ŀ⣬˲䱻ȥ
ˣͻȻ˵
ɫȻոʫǾ仰ʮֲʹ죬ʫǾ仰û˵˼ԣҶˡ
ʫʱȴԼո˵Ļһ㣬ͷ˵߰ɣ
ǱߵĳīҲǵ͸»֮£ճ״ţҲǱ߷ȥ
һӻӢͻȻһųīǰͬϲӬƵġһӡ
ʲôҲȣԶ㣡


407 
Ҫɫһ䣬ϺһԲˣȻ
˵仰ʱѾЩˡ
ǱߵĳīѾԴھʿӾͬеһƬҶӣ˲䱻ߣһѪ˳
ĶϺȣӢҲЩˣոձһӵĻ޴йÿǸøƵ꾹ֱӳǵţʱ̲סֱӳ֡
ʱҲûȥڣȴЩˡ
зЩ飬ȻûйעҲ֪һЩ
һµĹأǰУΪû֮µ˽磬ûԻ
ǲ֮ܶµ˶䣬Ȼֱӻᱻ
ȻڻЩ߼ʿ˵ζ˭Ըȥԣ
ǱߵĻƻЦЦĿߣЦҵĹӣǳϢ۸ˣ֪
Ӣֵܣȫû˼ȥƻʲôڻֵ̿ĵȴš
˰죬ȴʲôûУ̧ͷһҹգͬƵһ쳣֮
ӢйƵĴЦûֱӶ֣һˣ˭ɵײȥģã
˿˵û¾ͺã´ΡǧôˣҪ
Щ԰׵ϣ¶Ѫɫ˵һ϶ѣҪΪ㲻ܲжǶ಻ֵã
ʫһ˫Ưâ˸ȴʲôҲû˵
ƻЦöѡ
Ǳ߳īУֱӱԶоҪһ㣬˲ᡣ
˵ҲȷǳīԼЩˣŽ鶨µأ֮ǰԼǰȫġû뵽Ӣֱӳ֣ǹôǰ⧲֮¡һͷײȥ
īסΣҧûԼʹֻһ˫ۣԶǸˡ
ոһֱӳģѾˡ
Ǹ߼ʿǿ֮
ʿһĪ˵ǻûĳīԪӤڵʿһҲҪҷ
ʲôӢĿųī˵ɱ𣿡
˵ţֱӳǵŵķȥ
Ҳûīһۣһ϶ѣûʲôעļֵ
Ƕ߼Ӣ
ʫīĿУǴżǸ⣬ҲֻǾЩĲ̰ˡ̾һҲȥ֪ԼոǾ仰Щ
ƽʱûʲôһΣȴӢֵˣ֮ˮ
ԺΣΣȴҪվһͨġ
Ӣֱߵǵǰϼһŵ
ʫＸˣǻӢߣֹʱƻͻȻ֡
ƻЦվԶûдչ˼
˿ͬʱҲɾ
ƻ͸ҳƺ϶ôɾͷŹǣﲻ֣֡пܣ׼ȡ֮ˮĹж֡
ӢߣҲû׼ҵʱ򶼱ѹƵ쾳磬ͬĸһҲδؾʹ򲻹
ǿŵɢϢ˲佫ӡǵŵĽ绮ţĸ˵Ӱ룬ʧС
ţǿŵУȻ顣
Ʒʵƽ絤һšֻʹһΣ
һξ͹ˣΪеĽ磬ѽ׳ʱҲòˡ
ʱѾߣǵţ¹ӳ£Ե
˿ܹǷĻƺŵһЩͼˡ
ƻʱ򣬳ųīǱ߿һۣȻ˵ιСӣƽ絤𣿡
īոշһŵҩڻָŸոյơ
ײϵģֻӢһıԵˣȻᣬʱ䣬ī˴еĵҩȥ鵤õǲ֣ϣдĴ
ˣһŵҩ֮ƶʱס
ƻ͵Ļī̧ͷЩĿһۻƻͣô
ƻͿһ۳ī㲻뱨𣿡
īĿŻƻͣû˵Ȼ뱨ģ޶裬ҲͰˣ˭Լ̫ͣӢȻóīŭˡ
ѾȻǵľ綼ѹƵʱ򣬿϶ŹӢ
뷨ƻȴûʲôϵġ
īӻƻ͵ϣҲܲ⡣˼ҵǹʹ飬īҲûʲôȤ
뱨𣬾͸һ𣡡ƻƺûпīһ̬ȣ˵طҪƷʵƽ絤ƾ㡭϶ûеģҴȥ棬˵ľ磬ᱻѹƵ죬ʱ㱨Ļˣ
īŻƻͣҡҡͷˣ˵ĺأԼȥɡ
ƻͿһ۳īҲûٺøУҡͷһЦˣʶģ
˵ţƻͳһƷʵƽ絤ֱӽš


408 ʯ
īȫûƻ͵˼Ǿգ˫ĿϢţޱߵĻ򣬷ƽ˾ûһ㶯
˵лΣġһ㶼
ѾȥֵܺʫＸˣҲЩ˼顣
ãҪѣȴǷƽ˾ʲô鶼ûУǣЦе˵ţԾЩεա
ʫһȻҲЦǰ⻹ǵһγɹĽ뵽棬ϣһΣնɡ
Ӣ˵ģһΣһܳɹ
û˵ĿһԼĵܵܣЦܹõ֮ˮҲô׵ĽŮˡ￴ȥûʲôĻʵϣĳǸȴҪʫʫȻôԼժȥôʱҲȻҪΪ仰㹻Ĵۣ
۽ؿһɫŮӣбñ֮ǰ˲ϸԼռΡ㻹ôܾ
Ƭռ䣬ڻ£ʵϣпһС磬˽ֱ֮ӱһͨС
ͨǽڣƺȻγɣָķ»ƣǶſʱ΢һ㣬ǷڵʿҲоͷĿѣҪŻµĸо
˵оĵطԳһأŶĹͬʱҲкܶԵܹ򣬱дջ񣬿ġʫƺŬҪոյǵ㲻΢ЦŶ˵
žµһǿҵϣȴ¶ͬЦݣǰȫ졭ţ߰ɣ磬Ӧʿ㲻ϰɣ
Ӣ˵ʵҾãֵط͵ǴҶͨˣʲôߡϣֻͨ˺ʿ𣿡
룬ȫͷӢ˵Ҳȷе
ʫ˵Ǿ͵ڣôҶͨˣͿ˭˸ǿһ㣬˭ջ񡭡ҲͻһЩȻˣ飬ˣԷͷж
Ϊʲôѽƻͻںأһô죿ʱ뵽ǸˣоЩ־塣
һЩ˵ƻͣɲʲô³Ӣ˵
ûʲôˣҲҪӲţ¾£Ӣ֮⣬˵ľ磬ȫƻһȴûаʤƻ͡
дԣ˵ƻʵѾ޽ɾ磬ȴһֱѹţԼľһĿġҪ׺ʵԼĵԼһ״̬ͻƵ޽ɵľ硣
ʫͶЩˣȻҲʱ޽ɾ磬ǵս飬ȴ̫ˣ
˵Ǽûʲôս顣
ȫڼıӻ֮£ûκοģƻһ·ΣյˣȲˡ
㣬ԼȻҲ֪֮ԲŲԸȥǻƻ͡
˶ԣʫ΢΢һЦ˵ˣƻҲΪҲģȻոգͳˡû´ĻƻҲҪĳֶδ֮ˮǼԷͷߣҪ̫Զһʲô£ҲѸپ£һ˵أ
ʫԼոյ̬ȣЩ˵ͲǸʲôʡ͵ĵƣһĻֵȻһģһ֮ˮûô׵ϡ
ǷֿԼľʣлõ֮ˮġ
һıֵҵʱ취Ҫǡ
￴ƵŮʵĻҲ٣˲ʫ˼ʱֵʫʫҲ֮䣬Ҫ뿪̫ԶǷͷѰңЩ
üͷƬ֮ЦҲã
綼ӦˣӢȻҲû취ٷʲôͷҲУҪ뿪̫Զˣ
󣬵ͨľͷǰһƬټĿռ䣬ԶȥȺɽݺᣬڽ뵽С統УֱӷɢֱŲͬķȥ
ʱ򣬻ƻҲѾͨһͨ뵽Ƭռ䵱Уûڵһʱжȡһ̣ϵĵ̣ȷһλֱӳǸȥ
Ͽա
ʱĵϢīڻָ˸߰˰ˣȻûгȬѾ޴󰭡
ʱ»֮£ϷǵţѾ׵ֳӽһŵ״ʵ壡
޴Ļɫʯţ¹£ɢŹӶֲɣϢ·޾£ǷµĻƣһЩīδķޣ¹£ޱʻʱʯųһ㡣
֪ǲǴī·ʯЩ޷
⡭С֮𣿡īЩ𺳣ǰϰɸߵľ޴ʯţڻϷһǱ߷ȥ
ſڴīȡƽ絤ȴ룬šȻֱӴˣ


409 ѩ״
ɹâ˲īʱǰһʲôˣţһɾ޴ޱȵ壬˲롣
ţȾ޴ʯţرգʧڻϷ
ڳīʧ˲䣬ӿ
ϰɸߵľ˲γɣǿƥĺйޣ֣졭
ֻһĻȴܹˡ
ī߽֮󣬷Լһɽۣ֮ǰһԲɵأͬһ飬Ƕɽ֮ۡ
ɢϢóī̲ס΢΢Ķһ¡
ǡ֮ˮīǳ˳飬ͼòһ£ȴ֣ĲͻȻ˯һ㣬ƾīιͨȫް㷴Ӧ
ʱ򣬱ͻȻ䴫һΣյϢīûлͷ΢΢ӣȴѾ׼
ԷƺҲоī׼ûж
īȻҲ
˫ţ˰죬īоǹΣյġ䵭һʧ
ڳʧ
īһתڵϣʱ󱳣Ѿʪ͸
ʵȻϾʿҲȻôѹ
˵طѹƾ絽ģ
īԺУ˲һ˿ƺ鵱ʱֻ˵룬ὫѹƵ죬û˵ԭ֣ҲҪܵѹư
走
֮󣬳īһ䣬ȻոնǸڣӦòǴ飬Сеԭ֡
ΣյϢжϣһ飬ߣǽڵ飡
棬־飬Իе˵Ȼʲô㣬һѹġ
桭Щ飬ȴǲƥеĴڣ
˵ЩţǣͬҲޣ
ãԷûķīһȻĺ΢΢üͷȻ֪ΪʲôͻȻû˷ӦƾֱӦҲ̫ܻ֮ˮ
֮ˮôױҵôĻҲ䱻֮Ϊоˡ
˸ոյΣīдֱӽ߱ȡУȥ룬ȻľǣҪһ۰ɣ
īһȥоƬؼƺûκΣգƽģЩ⡣
ͷû̫ȴʮֹճ֮ɫȥʮˬ
īȴ˿Ҵ⣬˸ոյľټϽҸ棬īʼջʮֵСġ
ಣ
أ
һɼȱɱûκ׵ųīֹ
ţвŴһƿɲǼ䣬īоԼ̫Ѩһɴʹֻɱ
īŲȻӰ粽ǺˣһΣǰſȥ
飡
īʮһʯȻ飡
ʯ꣬鳯ųī߽
ײڳīͷųķϣһ졣
ಣ
šɱųī
īŻӰ粽оյıܿĹҲһŭ𣬳Ǳ߿ȥһ̲ס
һֻȳ˰ƴһĴ⬣Ǹ򣬾īԼʮԶһ˫С۾Уɢű̵Ĺâעųī
飡
Ǳʯ顣
īͷûһ£ֻЩ𾪣ЩЦõĿֻ⬡
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⬲ѩףһ˫ۻɺѪɢֱĹâ
ҵ𣿡ī⬣̲סʵ
شģȴһεĹ
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ಣ
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øƻīһе߱Ȼ䷢һƬ貶ĿĹâһֻжһ
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óī𾪵ǣʮ̣ȴûһ߱նϣ
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ǸʲôīЩһ߱ĵУã߱ĵûһ仯
Щѩ׵Ĵ̣նڵ֮һεǣֻ⬷˻ȥ
ӳûȥΰ㣡īһֱʩչǧ֣ʮȫץУûаԥֱӽЩӽ˲Ŀռ䵱С
߱춼նϵĶϥȥ룬֪ǱɵӲŲ
ɵԼʮ̣ǱߵС⬶ʱһŭ˻С


410 ɱһ
Ȼ󣬾һһǧѩ׵Ĵ̣ͬǧ֧ųīͷ
īһոʮ̾飬ĵĸоǧֱ̣ǵأҲӲӡ
ºԥȾܣ
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óīе־ǣƾôܣǧѩ׵Ĵ̣벻ں
һȺµһжļµ
ī̲ס㼸׷ĸ˵ȶֵģ
ֻѩ׵Ĵ⬣ոһŭ֮£ཫеĴ֮һȥЩͺͺģͬں׷ᡣ
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һСģȻһ̸Уóīд󺧣Ȼֻ⬸ողûжȫ
ˣ
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Դӽ뵽ûзӦīоһԤУС¸ڻĽͬ
Ȼûѹʲôֻƾû˳ɹȡ֮ˮҲ˸̽طܸоһʲô
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īʱѾȥ˼ʲôֱӽӰ粽ʩչ£ͻȻһֱǧѩ׶ַޱȵĴ̣
ǱߵĴ⬣ҲǱīľٶŪһ㶣ôһ˲
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īȴһ㶼ûиӰֱƿǧ̣ͬһӰֱɱֻѾ֮һ̵Ĵ⬣
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ī˵ľһ˲䣬㣡
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УȵԪԴԴϵӿұۣ󡭡ȫ۵֮߱У
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īˣҲơ˼£һ϶£ûκλεնֻ֮һ̵Ĵ⬡
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Բѩ׵Ĵ̣īɫû˿仯ɱһȻ޷˵£
ʱֻѾ׹˰ӵĴ⬣ǷһļУתܣ
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ʱ˿̣īɱһҲն
û˴̵ĴȻҪܣȴûܿһ
īһĵֱ룡
Ѫ࡭ɲǼһء
ЩڳŴӿȥѩ׷Ĵ̣Ҳֹ̼ͣ˶
նһ֮󣬳īҲʧȥеһƨڵϡ
Ȼƨԭƨ棬ٸ̣мɲɵġŵġ
˻ˣīµƨɣѾ㹻ǿᣬ˼ʣѾǵǹˣڵʿһҲδóīѪ
Щȴ׾ٵĴ̴Ƥ
мһ̡ī鴤ǣϢһ֮˹Ṉ̀Ƴ
Һã⬵ĴûжȻĻҪһۡ
󣬳īеĴȫһһǧīһû˷ѣȫС
Ҫһּ̣Ȼ޿κΡ
ʦЩܴһޱȿֲīջ񣬼Ϊ⡣
Ŀ⣬ڱһĴϣ¶֮ɫֻ⬽ȫĴ̶㣬Щ̵ӲȣīҪƿķ¸Ͳܡ
С⬵ʬ壬īЩпĵȫ˽ϵʱ򡭡Ҳʱ򣡡
һ֮һȼһǥ棬ϴĸɸɾĴ⬡滹˺ܶī׼õĵϡ
īſֱð͵Ĵɢ̲ס¿ˮ
ʱһŮͻȻ𣺡㵹ĺܻѽ


411 
īƫͷһȴ֮ǰֵһǸŮ֮죬ǽж
īŮûʲôӡ֮ǰȻû֣Դ֮䣬ȴûа֮⡣棬ī˼ɣǻĹԱһҪֲҪģʩչֶΣһҪҲò
īȻֻľ۷壬ȴҲŮԼ֡
˭īɫһ䣬ɨ˶һۡ
ˡո棬ǿǻŶȴûīɫһ㣬ֱ߹˼£޵㣡
īĿһƤŮ˵֮Ů˵µ𣿡
˼Ҿôһ˵㻹ˣһЦųī˰ôСۺòã
˵ţ˳ī棬۰Ͱ͵ĿǥѾЩƵĴ⬡
⬾ǷīĻҲǷһ𡣽ƾѪɡ
ﾳȻѹƣ۽ȴڵģЩȵĵ𡭡־硭Ȼ𣿡
Ȼϲ𣬵ȴܸоǶľĵУһǿҲǵĴڣܽ⬿ý֡
ʲô£īûʲôɫһ֣ǥֱȡ£ҲһۣһҧȥŨζ˲˳īǻ
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˲תī֫ٺɢȥ
ˣѾ뻳ɣ⬵⡭
ιˡܲܲҪôС˼Ҳ˵˼ʵѣеȺòãīã˿ûзָһ˼ʱЩżˡ
˼ֻ˵ʵīĿһ۶ʵҺܲˬԣƾʲôҪзȣ
㡭̲ס˸ۣߣȴֶԳīеĿʮ۲һ
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С磬Ҫ룬ȻףǻԵˣʵҲرѣ졣
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ģɽʿܺõ㣬٣Ǵ඼쾳磬֪ôһ¡Щ콾ǣ쾳ʲôо֪
ΪһͶ쾳ģȻмʱ𣬾ѾǸˣ
Խ뵽С֮ԽԸ߼콾ԽֲӦ
ƫƫģǻǳǳСеĸ飬ļֵ
˵īֻֿ˵Ĵ⬣ֻһ۾ϳһֻ˵еѩ⬣ǼΪеһޡ
ȻֻޣȥƷײߣʵϣѩ⬾磬ҲŶ
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ѩ⬵ƤҲսµĹؼϣҪռʮѩ⬵ƤƳ磬ֵԹ
Ҳ˵ģѩ⬵⣡
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ˣȷ˳īѩ֮ôһˣҲ̲סһﰵīһߴչҪһڡ
ûȻǸ߰ŮȴһĴԻ
ѩ⬵⣬Ȼ߹ҲǴδԹģ
תۼ䣬īѽһѩԹ⣬Թˣͷīû³һ
̫óˣ
īĴڶ￴ȻֱɲܲסѩⱾѵζ˵˺ܶϣԡҲǼƷ
óԣǹľҲóīľֻֻѩ⬣óīġֿƲסҪͻƵĳ嶯
ڳīòķϵѹŵеǹ궯
ﱻīԼѹľʼĴߣУɢ֫ٺǿʣȻģҪư˼ʵֱżȥ
īͷںڵĳҲɢһ˫ԭʹޱȵǱʯһ㣬˸ž⡣
öһԶֳĳ嶯ˣۿųīҪȥһ룬̲סˡ


412 
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˵ţīǰֻѩ⬾Ҫҧȥ
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ΪҵСС󣬾Ǳĳģ֡»ˡšĽŮ
ҪʲôҪ
ԶĲ˵˵ʫҪ֮ˮֵܲӼгرͰ͵ĸСˣ
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̫ˣ
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ﱻһΪǲøСûʶīһ£ŷ۷ľ˿ҲɵЩ顣
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⣿ī˸ۣĵСүѲһѼƷ쾧ʯó
Ѿܶ˺òã쾧ʯΪī쾧ʯļֵһ˫Ĵ۾ųīӦɣ治֪һƷ쾧ʯ㹻֮䷢һѪսˣ
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īѣоһֱûжĲȻɢһīһӦһϣȴǲɫĿŶԦⶫҪʲô磿
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走ī氵һ䣬㱻ŮƭˣҿԼһ䣬ȻĻʹõĻ»ˡ
ңⲻ㣬Ҷˡ˵
ʵһʼһɶСšû뺦ˣֻѵѵֱɵӡ
ֻѣȷһķҲֻԪӤµʿ˵ԽԪӤ֮󣬾ͼòⶫˡ
ֵƷ쾧ʯذɣīбһ۶Ц˵
ôᣬѵĲʮֺУһ֧ӵĸǺУһֵҲֹƷ쾧ʯƺЩˣ˵עȥһҲǼƷ
˵ţӷڴߣᴵ
īһݣҪ϶䣬Ǳ߶ݺݰһۣѾѹƵ쾳磬Ҿ뺦㣬ҲûǸ
˵ţֱӲīʼ
һʱ
īЩ˼ķ׼ס֣ŵ΢΢һ벻߰ŮȻⷽ츳
ܶȻǳīֲôͨɵˣҲܸо̺ŵֵİˣƺһɺǿҵ˼
īɸָ̣߸ϵ֮Ůʲôɰ˵ģ
Զĵط·ߵӢȻ΢΢һ૵Ƕĵ֡˵Ѿܶ겻𣿡
һʫ΢΢һüңһᣬ̾һѾͷĸ˰ɣ
ǸԶĵطڸһͷѩ׵ľսɫѿСɢ𣿡
໣
һĹѩ׵ľһצ˲һɼǵ˿ڡ


413 Σ
ŭûȥͷսһ
Ǳ߶һˣϹۣ֮ɫ
Գīеѩ⣬ƺҲûǰȤ˰֮󣬲źҵĲһСèһСĵĿһ۳īǳ˳顣
ˣԼ԰ɣңˣ˵ţվҪ뿪
īüһеǥֱ
ʶĽסȻЩԵĿųī
СĲүġīٺЦ
쵰еǵ㰧ˣīһ仰ƻ̲סһЦ㡭뵱үʡʡɣڣ죬뵱ӶҪɫ
˵ţЩĽ֧īռ˱ˣŰɣԺ۸㣬Ͱ֧ó˵ܹܵá
˵ţһǥϵѩ⣬ǹŨĸĸо
漴￴ųīˣѩ⬵Ĵ̺Ƥأ
ˣīͷҲ̧İŪѡ
̲ס˸ۣŲųīĹȴҲ޿κΡ
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ʱͻȻΪء
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㴵īЦЦ𣬻һ촽
ī⶯΢΢һ漴뵽ʲô̲סݺݵ˳īһۣ쵰ˣ
˵꣬ɫ˲һƬ糺죬һתҲƵˡ
һܳԶͻȻ뵽Լ֪ӵأҪȥʣҲǸ
Ļ쵰˼Ҹո촽촽ȥӣȾһߣ漴૵ôСʿ㲻ϵһˣԺҲûʲôĻᣬ֪־Ͳ֪ɡ
˵ţﳯŸԶĵطȥУȴƺЩȻʧ
ôͻ쵰ˣīһ޹ں湾ţᶭӰѾʧУȫˡ
ī΢΢ҡҡͷ̾Ϣһе£ȻǸµĵеĻǸ̫ǳˡ
󣬳īȺ˼ֻСеҰޣģľ磬ǿһѾﵽ۷壬ӽˣսī˼οսҲ˲ٵˡ
ôһڣǰǺľĳȥ٣һЩ
ܹԵĸоԼ
֮󣬳īҲѾСǰҲΣֵ飬ģڵʵ
óīΪͷ֪֮ˮںδСУǱӡһ㣬˾ܽʱܹоĲ֮⣬ȫûκηӦ
Ǽ룬ǵͷߡīһ׶ûС
ңС棬һΣпܣͽˡ
ѾʱȥīһӰû
ĿռУǶѻ˲Сиʬ壬Ȼ󲿷ʶЩʬ϶ֵǮ
٣Ҳ伢
īʵǽǵʳ
С棬ؼûлôŨҲû٣īһǰУһϺʵԼĻ
֮ǰֻѩĸ죬ʣѾ޵ĽӽżóīǸпʦΪ˸ıʣѰ˽磬ΪȡЩ߼Ԫޡ
ֻǰֻѩ⬵ѣꡣ
ī˿̣һϿһʶˮ峺ɢűϢ
īã֮ˮ϶ǸˮйأǾǰ
Ųϵ룬īߵľҲڱ仯С
ﵽž޴ľЩ֪˶꣬һͬһɽզࡣ
һϸС֦辡ҲԿٳܶķ˰ɣīǰͬɽĹһпĵ
ʱ򣬹ϷͻȻ䴫һϸ΢
СīҲֻ޵ôһ㡣īУȴһݡ
Се飬ʵ࣬һ㶼ܼκһ飬С
ѾС磬飬Ҳʮǿġ
ţī̲ס̧ͷ棬ţһīëȻľǰ
ǾͨѩףÿһƬô
һö󣿡īһܹô飬Ҳ֪϶
īԼҪô棬뿪ĺá
ƺô
߸ոһ͸оһ˲佫֡
һɫӰӣ쵽˼飬ֱī


414 
һӴ̽ľǳīֵһ
һ﾿ʲôطʼĹīȴȫû֡
һ̫죬Ҳ̫ң
ܳīѾȫע˷Ȼû뵽ѩ׵ľ
䣡
ǳīĻԪݿһĻ顣
ţīоԼǱһɽֱӸײϣȻ󡭡һڵһԶȥ
Ǳײɵģ
īܹԼعѵ
ڻսУĹУīѾޱȵϤ
óīԺУ˲Щһ㶼ļ䡣
˵Ȼײġ̵𣿡
һѪ˳ųīֱ⹦Ȼȥߵϰ⡣
ţ͸оǹΣ˲併٣
һ֪ж೤ѩ׾ͬһɽĹϣ̽ӣŵϴһɺӣʮɳͬһ磬ī
ɫٶȣֱ쵽˲˼飬ңȻīӡ
īΪǵɣȻأȻһĻ̲סĿɿڴ
Ǹ𣿡
飡
ɺӣ˲ϳī壬ţͬһһ㣬˲佫īƵýʵʵ
ȿȡǵģеӣǸߡ
īоǹɼ޿ɵֵľҪԼ飡
ʱǧ㷨ͨҲȫûа취ʩչ
ۿţסīɺţҪųīīջصѩ׾ĿС
ʱ򣬿¾ǵˣҲȲ˳īˡ
ڻУīǵһĸо֮ǰԽڴ۵ĴսӰʱС
̫ǶԷʵ̫ǿ
ֿԽȼľѹκεսܹġ
һΣǱˣ
ԸС磬ͷҪ̫ݲźá
ī̾˿϶죬Ѿûκΰ취ˡ
޴ţԽԽīٴһѪ
Ѫڲī档һѪ֪жľ˵ˮ㲻ϡ
ƫƫģš˵޴ޱȵѩ״µ飬ǲųīɺţ˲ɿ
ž
īӼʮɵĸ߶ȣֱŵˤȥ
ָ߶ȣƽʱȻκηƾҲûʲô顣ڴ˿̣ī˴״̬£ٺݺݵˤôһ£²Ҳ˶ˡ
޴ޱȵѩ׾³˳īһɲǣˢһʧˡ
·δֹҲ֪ʲô̼
ۿųī壬ҪڵϣһСӰͬһ磬˲ס˳īȻ󡭡˿ͣԶ۶ȥ
ֱӰʧ޴Ĺ棬͵Ĵһŭ˻У֪ǲǻþȻ޾ľ֡
ţһȻ죬һٶɳľ޴ߣǹ棬ֱӵǷŤ֦ȫײ÷顣
ΧĻŪһ㣬ͬͥɨѨһ㡭
棬Ϸࡱ˻ǰź
ͻȻ䡭ѩ׵ľûκ׵ֱӱ飡
һһı飬ٶɵľͬһʱ䣬ֱӱ飡
ѪһƬգȾ죡
ȻһϽɫĹâѪзɳǼΪǿʿҲѷֻ֣гôϽɫâ
ųīȥķ˲ʧ
ţ뵽ī嵱С
ʼգųī񱼵ǵСӰԴ˺޸о
飬ѪĳӰȻǿˣȴܵĸˣ
طΣ֪ô£
桭ֻĸ죡
īСĺĶȴĺܡ
Ҫµʱ
£Ʋ²ܳԲܶȴޱѵ˼άκ˳Թһ֮󣬶ãζʵʵһأ
ԶƬ򣬶ȴüͷҲ֪һߡ
ȫû뵽īѾ׻ԹȥĳīŰ𪾫µϣɹһĨΣ૵쵰Ϊʲô㣿
īӲסӵһɲǣֱӱ۾ûκγֵ˼
ΪֵĻ˰ԼһҲϣȻ²ܳԲܶ⣬ûκ塣
ôû뵽ǣȻ˳
Լ֪ʱΪʲôô¸ңûκοǣûκԥֱӾͳˡ
ʵϣɲǣͺˡ
ԼóܣСӸԼʲôϵûСԼΪʲôҪðô
˴ʱȴ˵ʲôˡ
Ѿˣɴܰɡ
ԼЩţٳӪȺͳȻɹˣ


415 
Сӣ㿴һ̫ߣϡĳ㣡ﹾһ䣬īڵϣƽӣȻƽϢһ
૵ĺܴ̼ѽ벻ҾȻĴߵƤӵˡ
ߺˣ˵ǸطиΣյĶϣΣհҵС࡭˵ţýС֣ԼĹĵظ
ʱĳī˿˵ܲͿˮȣ
ѽﱻŵһȻɴ۾ųī㡭㻹û
īһĿŶֻ۾ˣ
ǣҵ˼ǡ㲻ǻԹȥ𣿡ﲻ֪뵽ʲô˳īһۣովͲþ㣡
ǣ˵öԡǣܲͿˮȣīоԼðһ㣬֪Ϊʲôָо
ǿʣرĿʣָоǰһͰˮƺܺȥ
ȵȰҡ˵ţߵԶϣӴָ棬ȡһӨˮװ󣬶˵˳īߣСĽīͷһ㣬ιīȥ
һˮ¶֮󣬳ī˵һ䡣
㡭ĥҵĴС㣬ʲôʱɹź˵Ļ
ųīӣֺݲָīһˮ
ųī֮󣬶ģϷʵһǲǻҪīЩ˼ı飬СʱЩëˡ
˸ΣյĹâųīǲǹģ
˵ţīһţֱӴӴָҳһ޴ľͰȻװһͰˮ֮˵һīһš
СϴõͰ㻹Ȳȣ
īǳ˳飬̲סҪۣðĸо˵Ǹ֣µͷһȥı飺ȣ
㡭ˣҵҪܺȶ٣Ҹ㣬ҪǸǲС㣬ҡҾͰӵǺ㣡ܻвţЩڸո˵ϴõͰˣⲻȥ쵰ռ
ľͰȷ׼ϴͰȴǴûùġ
⻰ɲ˵ȶĶһ˵
󣬶۾Ĵһɨһ֣һӳУ£һСܵȻľͰŵߴͰˮֱʳ˳īһ
ʱЦ
ţЦˡ
Ϊīı֣һɳĮ˺ܶ죬Ҫһڴڵĺʳˮ
ι㲻±ˮﾪе
īȴȫӦһͰˮ˴ͰȻ󡭡ųһܴһԡ
һ֮˵õˡ
ˮţ𣿡￴ųīû˿仯ĶӣĿɿڴ˵
ΡлСľ֮ǷһΡīЩ˵
￴ųī˵ôǸطģ
˵ţߵīߣʼΪϵԼûʶһУƺӦûһԥ
˻
ؿڶѵĹͷīһƺߣȻ˵Ҿã֮ˮӦøˮйأûͷ֮£ֻ˳Ӳߣϣ֡
΢΢һȻ˵㵹Ǹһ
˭֪طȻôΣաī̾Ϣһ
ô˵ΣգﳰЦһ䣬žͱͣЩյĵС磬ƹ򣬾Ȼ˵ľ磬ȫѹƵ졭Щ飬ȴȫƣǸ
ҲΣգīʵ
ϻһͷ𵤺ڵǣߣС˭һ߸ī˿ڣһ߰˵ֻһСֶΣ󹷹ƨˣ
īЩɵĿһ۶ƨ·Ķʮֻɡ
ιʲôѵһ𵤺ڵĴ󹷻ǱСĶ𣿡ﱻī񿴵Щë˿ڵֲ˼֡
īʹ֮󣬲ЦòľãСĹѹ֮ľͻȻһ㷴ֶҲû˰ɣ
ī΢΢һ
˵УǺôҲӵܣȫʵסҲûֶεģϣһֶеҩһЩֻҪ쾧ʯ߶з׭з󡭡кܶܶ࣬ǣһһ㳣ʶûС
ī˵ƿԣķڷĵ˵öԣȷûʶˡ
˵úˬĶʱȴȻЩˣһ۳īԲѽңҲǹҪ̼ġ


416 
һĻϤ˿һᾪԸӡ
ҵСħŮʲôʱ˵Ǹ
ҪչˡֱΣ
ī΢΢ҡҡͷûУĵģҵļʶȷ̫˵㡣
īʵĻڶ￴ı֡
Ǹ˰ҪôСʵĳܹ־磬Ѿѽ
ȿȣҲ˵͡
Ҳûŵ㰡ѪȻ簡
⣬㵨Ҳܴ󰡣һһμôˣС硭
ǸҲġģҪңʵ㲻
ûϦĻƻУදߴߴͬһֻİ
˶ûз֣֮ĵطһ˫ӣעǡ
˳ˮѰ֮ˮֻܹ뵽
ӢҲôģ
ֻû뵽ǣԼȻ
ʱǶôľͰīˮȻ˵ԼϴͰʱ
ӢǻͲûסֱɱ˳ī
ʲôݣǸʲôݣﾹȻܹԶչƾʲô
֮ʮƽȵĽʽӢ絶ʣԳīǺ޵˼¡
ӢֿΪССʧԣϵĸīǸ
ӢŭڴʱѾﵽٽ㣬ڼ״̬
ʱӢƽ
뿴ʲô
嶭ҵС㣬֮󣬼ֱ
˵ɽ硢Щ͵ȼ½磬磬ݵλҲǼߡ
ֻзڵľ磬ɾɺɼҲȫҪƽȴ֮
ⲢڶҵΪҲһ׿֮Ů
䣬־磬ȫӵޱȹδ𲻸˵·̫ޣɾһŮۣĲ
һŮӣῴһԲ֪ж͵ĵطСӣ
Ӣţ
ԣһʲôĿģ
Ӣǿзŭ뿴ԽݣչӣҪʲôͼġʲô
һֱɫ谵Ҳû﾿
ΪʵϣԼ֪Լڸ
ֻǾãͦ˼ģô͵ľ磬Ȼ;Ѫ뵽˻СеֵطⷽС硣
ֵʿŶ㲻ʿҪ֪Щﵽ񡢴˾ʿҲûжеط
һ룬һ²ܳԲܶζֱ˭Ըȥ԰
ι˵˵ɣҶͦġｫīĶϹǽӺãιŶƵҩȻȼһڳīߣʵ
īɲǸոսʱ֪ˣŶƵҩֵͺܲƣû뵽ȻԥľιԼˡ
ңûʲô̫˵ġī̾һǸ¶Сһرƶĵط
ȻԲƶī˵Լ˽磬ֻܴһֽǶȣԼĳ
λС֮µ磬඼ƶĵطԣīҲûƭ
ǸطʮϡУʮֲס
ңСʱûκĹֻһүү
һԾţ̣ƺλ߸ϵСһ񾲵ڼŮ
ųīĻһĨ֮ͬɫĵԭģѹ֣ôͼĵطܹ뵽϶ǳףҲ˵Ѫ㡣
ī˵һֱҪ֪Լĸĸʲôˣԣƴһ죬Ϊ˷ս˴֮ʣĪģ뵽硣
˵ţīԳЦЦ˵ҲǴʱʼҲ֪ԭô󡭡ҵͷϣô߼磬ôǿĴڣܽ뵽طҲҵ˰ɡ
ʵҲ̫Աܹ磬ʵô;ͽ뵽磬˵Ѫǿ󣬵Ȼڵľ磬᲻Ѫжǿ˵ʲôʱ㵽ڣͻףѪжôҪˡ
˵ţųīƤһЦʵȻֲܵͣʵֻҪ˻磬ЩԺܿ첹ģ㲻֪жУųŵʿжôܹء
еšѪҲǿ𣿡īЩ档
ȻѪⶫġ˵˵а취ǿѪȴޱȼѣңʧܵӣԶȳɹӸࡣ
ʧˡôīʵ
˵ԣһ˲Ųȥԡ
ô˵Һл᣿īЦ˵
ĺˣȻ϶ңԽһˣ磬϶ûκ⣡Це˵ʱ򣬽㣡
˵ţȻ΢΢һüҹɫããԶ˵ʲôˣ
һߣǱߴ


417 ŭӢ
ĵôģһΰһǱߴţӢӰǱ߻
ƺʵϣҲһգ۵ĹӢͳǵǰ
īӢ˲һĨĹâ
ûȥãʵû취ǣԷڸ֮ϣͬϲӬһһ
Ȼƺָܿеŭȴһ㶼û١
Ӣô㣿ɫ΢죬漴üĵһֱ͵ǣ
ʲô͵ĵ̫ģ˾ɣӢЦ
Ӣ벻ˡֱ˿̽µգȻòȥ
СΪһԵͼӣҪҳ𣿡ӢУҲ˷ŭĿųīһ͸ֱɱ㣡
īӢҲԵġ
㵱ҲңӢУޱΣյĹâסǹеֶοԹܹҪɱ㣬Ĺַ
ͶְɡīһĿӢҲûʲôֵ
ɱһͷ顣ûл֮йϵôӢһĿųīЦʶ࣬ԼϽӴԺ󣬲Ҫҵδǰ֣
ī˵ʲôȴǰͷ
üһӢƵĵӢڻδޣңʲôƺֲҡ
Ķ֮ǰڻϿʱĶȫһˡ
ӢЩŵĿŶɫǺ죬ŭ㡭ǲǿ
òϣīĳ࣬൱ӢüĿˣ뿿ϣһѵʣҲ˶ݡڵģԭʵĿҲӢҪӢܶࡣ
Ҳˣ֮ǰֵܿƹϵܣԭΪʫ֮ˮ
ʫǶСõĽãȻ׽ãȴҪ׽ûҪס
ʫ֮䣬лԼʫŻ£Ȼ̸ж໶ϲҲû̫Ŀܡ
ӵܣųԴͬʱҲҪܳ޷Σ
ȻеһΡ
Ϊʫ֮ĻԼСҲֵܶн
ӢȻھϵһΪҵĵӣôδɾȻҲ
϶ʫһǺеľʣӢСһֱ׷
һֱûдӦΪ˼ʫĸܣҲһֱû̫Եľܾ
϶ҵһЩϱҲȽϿҵһЩԴӢˣҲ⣬ԣûԡ
£һֱչ졣
ȻûлԼӢȴѽ￴ԼŮˣӢĽ˭Ҷ͸Ҹ˭
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ֻû뵽һΣΪѰ֮ˮһӵͼðȻ֮䡭ôĽ
ǶﾹȻ˵Էˮİ˿ڡӢʻգΪûܹЩ
ڻʵ⣬ӢУŭɶ޷ˡ
ĿһӢ˵ӢҿʲôˣҪ㱨𣿡
С֮ǰɲģӢŭغǰΪһͶ̬ȣҡ֮ǰҲ˵һţôڡ
һһԼͻúܸ߹𣿡ЩյĴӢĻ֪ΪΣ棬һ㶼ԸӢʱ˵īϵ飬֪ī֪Щ飺֮ǰ֮ǰڡ
һ˵֮ǰСʲôϵûУڣǱСѣѾ˵ҪӢѵҴܲɣ
ӢѾ챻ˣУ¶˼ɫΪһȻֻ˵ˣʶô꣬ѵһˣ
ʶô꣬Ҳǵһ֪ӢôǺǡû˵꣬Ц˭֪˵Ļʲô˼
˵խӢɫһƬ԰ף̶࣬˸űĹâݺݵĿſĳīȻҧұɱ㣬ڡɱ㣬ûеڶѡ񣡡
ڵһվڳīǰ棬Ӣ˸ΣյĹâҲǰɣ
ÿ
Ҳã
ڵ㣬һûжսߣҡȴһսḻߣãס𣿡Ӣ˸ޱΣյĹâͬһֻ˶ɵҰޡ
ǺǡһЦԶﱳ
īЩ߱쵱ȣվ˵С㣬ɣһףʲôս顣


418 ʳ
㡭ôվˣһеĿųī
ǼӢŭವһ£ĹжһѺĳųīüģֱӴ̹ȥƴűĹͷҲҪɱ㣡
ŭԳī̸ϲֻǾǸ̸ѡӢľٶȴޱȵѿ׵ļŭ
öС㣬ûлԼ£ʲôʱӢĽˣ
ô룬㲻ܵ˵
ڶ׼صһɲǣīĵ⣬Ȼ
ʱ۾һд󺧣һ˲䣬ĵġѾǳīˣ
ǺųԼսޱȷḻӢ
޷һô͵꣬ôʩչ޵һ
ţӢһ춯صĲҺ

ҵĸ첲
âɢ
ӢŽֱۣϵڵϡ
Ѫע˳ӢĶϱӿ
īҡҡ׹ĿӢڶϣҲɱ㣬һǻ֮ǰһӢٲʶôҲļУܳԲܶ£
˵ţһѪ˳ųīʳ
֮ǰƺأ㶭ҵ˵ӵЧվûô졣
Ӣһ˹ģĿͣԼĶϱ۴﷢ʹ˻
￴ţһǰαء
˵ţóҩ׼Ӣϡ

ӢͻȻǻعһŶһŭȻѪ֣ŶݺһƳ
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ӢУˮ䣬֮䣬Ӵ˺󡭡
СҽͣӢֱϵ˿ڶˣƴҪ͡
κιϵûӢᣬֱӰѻ˵꣬Ȼ⸴ӵĿһ۳īʲôû˵תܿʧããҹɫС
īУҲЩΡ£˵ףԼġǴѽǶȥǣī棬Ҳȫ޳ɶ޸Ӣ
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īΪ£öԼûãҪһ䡣ӢýȥǾͲǳīܿƵˡ
棬һܵɣӢɫ԰ף˹סϱľѪֹסЦſųīȻһ룬ȡһͭСһĨ֮ɫͼҾ֪ʲôǸ߼ֶΣ
ӢȡСһ˲䣬īȻоһΣϢϮ
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ī£ûκԥתͷܣ
Ϊ˶ոյǷ
ϣһֶеҩһЩֻҪ쾧ʯ߶з׭з󡭡кܶܶ࣡
ӢóԾһֲҪκ߶ķ
ǹɻϢͲǳīֵܵġ
Ӳţ»ֱûҷ³
ʱܣʲô
īһܣһ߽ѵĵҩȥӰ粽ξһ̣˲ʧҹɫС
ǱߵӢƺû뵽īܣһŭ𣺡վס
ɵӲվסīԶԶĻӢһ䡣
Ӣ̣ͭСųī׷첻ɱ㣬ӢĲΪˣ
ҹĻУһ׷һӣ˲ʧ
֮ѾʧܾõĶͻȻٴλصطϵѪڣվǶԣƯ¶ԥɫ
棬ҲںΪīӢӳ׵ﵽֵֵá
ǵһ룬϶ǲֵõģ൱Ĳֵã
κȥѡҪôվӢߣҪôԲѡȥվڳīһߵġ
˵īֻһݵ΢ʿ㲻ϵСӣͬ壬ӵмǿѪΪӢ൱ǵġ
ϣ飬ҪҪȥǵġ
ԺУīϣò˵˵ţһ¶Сһرƶĵط
ֻһ仰ͻ˶ĵط
һ꣬Ӣ÷ɱ
Լ֣īһѡ
Ǿ²ܳԲܶ
ǡ
˵Ҫģʳԣ
Ȼ󣬶ݺݵһţһĨ֮ɫʧķֱ׷ȥ


419 ˼һ
Сӣ㵹ܰôˣӢٱֻʣ£Ҳ۵òᡣ
׷СӣӢݺݵĶžԼһɵĳīҹɫУ꿿һ޴Ĺ棬һ˫ɢűĹâע
;ĩ·𣿡ӢÿҲ֪Ǳʲô˰ɣ
īҲ˵ֻעӢ
ӢԼոұۣݺݵĳһĭҧϵһ죬ʲôҪ𣿡
˵⻰ʱӢܸоԼұʹ
СУȻľѹƵ죬վǴڵʣϱǶôѵ顣ֱֻۣһʱᣬȴǲӵиԭֱһҲս
ӢʲôʱԹֿУѽīһʬ塣
ʲô˵ģɱң͹īʱһͷ˵ǣ˫ɢűĹâעӢ
ʱ򣬻ҪۣȥҲŲȥҲֵطȻҵһͷɽҷ𣡡Ӣ˵ţٸīʲôϣֻ˲ȫġ
еϣȻ˼£Ǿ޵ĵȴӢЩĺ
ҿСӵľ磬ҪԼͬ
ҵһֻҪնһҾͺѱܿӢֳ
ӵܣȻǲƣ±Ҳܱ֪֮ȴеġ
ųī棬ӢһƷ쾧ʯֱӰͭСĿȻЦϣ𣿾ѹơƨǵңȥɣ
ӢͭС쾧ʯǶȥĵһʱ䣬âţһͬ޵Ӱӣ˳Ŷֱӳӭ˲仯һͷϰɵľޡ
ŻͷβȻֻһӰȴ޾ѹ
Ƭ֮䣬ѹ˷ɳʯ

ֻľޣȻһ춯ص
Ȼ󣬳ųīߣֱ
ǣ
īͬһСɽĹѹȻֱӱ飡
ī壬ҲܵѹȣָоҪ֮ǰѩ׾Ųʱǿҡ
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īֱһѪǿţ뱻ѹѹùڵأе߱죬֮
һɱ˳߱챬
Ӣųīе߱죬¶ʣǰѺõͷҵˣ
ȥ㡭īĽ߱УǵԼ֪ϽɫѪҺһθֱֳӼȫµͬʱֲѳīѹľ޴ѹҲ˲һգīе߱죬ֱնɱһģ
ҹУֱһ貶ĿĹâ
磬ȴٶȻҪ죡
ˢ
ֻһ˲䣡
ԶĶĸоһ棬̺ɱ
ԳīΪĵķԲʮеųīһն˲ʧȥ
˲ɿݣݻɻҽ
޾Ӳһա
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ǣ
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ۣ
ӢһѪֱҡҡ׹
ܵʲôɣǱīɱһನһֱˣ
ôܣӢ˸žĹâһ綼꣬ͬϵôܽе޸Ƶ
˵ͬΪ죬Էһնȥֱۣܽܣ˿̣Ӣȴȫܲʵ
ΪСеͷޣȻֻֻһõӰȴӵŲ۲۵ԪӤʵüƷ쾧ʯ߶ܷӽڵһ
ôܣһ쾳Сӣһնˣ
һӵжƣ
뵽⣬Ӣֻĸо
ԼţţҲž޵콾ֶʮ겻ͳɾʹ޽ɵܣҲû
ȴû˵ĸ쾳ʱ򣬾һնԪӤʿġ
ֱǼˣ
ۣ
īһն֮ˣҲеľ񶼱һ㣬һѪ˶ʱήҲһҪڵϡ
ؼʱ̣֧߱Լ壬ǵϥ
ӢڳһĨһѶͷ亹йƵ˻һΪǸ֣赹ٸնһ
˵ţӢϣٴȡһ鼫Ʒ쾧ʯԥһ£ţͶݺݵĽƵͭСϡ
Σҿ㻹ô


420 ѩ׾Գ
ӢʱҲͬҡҡ׹ҲˣҪ׻ָ϶ҲҪһʱ
棬Ǻ޼꣬ͬҲ¼ˣ
Уܸоõ
ΪѾٳƳīˡ
ϣ̬˭ôǿϣ
īЦǳ鶯һ£ȴѾûȥЦ
ոһԼЩ˼飬ͬʱҲףΪʲôԼͻȻͰ־ѹͷѹ
ЩѾҪˡ
ΪѾûȥˡ
ۿͷͭСľޣֱɽʵģī֪һΣԼڽˡ
ŻͷβľޣҲƺһ㣬ʵ֮󣬶ųīһŭޱȵ
ϵѹҪ֮ǰ˺ܶࡣ
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ɱǱߵӢûκεԥڻͷβľֱ֮
䣡
һɾ춯صɱͷϱųīٴ
īǣ¶һ˿Цĵ㻹ٲҾ˰
īǺ׼ܵʱ򣬷·תʱȴоԨ֮УһɼΪǿϢ
ϢУƺ޾ľζǲ뱻š
ī֪ȥҲӳӢ׷ɱϾԷŴɱ
Ī粫һѣͶԨеĴڣԤ
ֻóīЩû뵽ǣԼѾն˾޵һֽܵɣԨеǸڣȴһֱûðͷ
ȴǲ֪ոһŵġӢ
ԨеǸڣҲһŵˣ
ֱīɱһϢɢԨǴڲŻع
Ȼŭ
ǡˣ
䣡
ͬһʱ䣬һɾ춯صɱԳīԨУ˲˳ֱӾ͸ͷβĹײһ
¡¡
ƬѾʧȥĵطͬɽһ㣬޴ĺ죬ص֮䡣
µĴأھ
ʱøϹһ۾Ϳ˰ĳīųīֱӳ
ǱߵӢҲ˶ѾȫûоȥȫǰһĻ׾ˡ
ҹУֻ޴ƥë׵ѩ׵ȭͷĿɿڴ
ڸոһ˲䣬ӳīԨУһֻë׵צһȭͭСĹ޴ˡ
ţԨУһŭ
һ̣һޱȷľ
ûжսСѾͷ·Ǳܵһ㣬īֱӱŸԶĵطȥ
ųīո뿪һգ۵Ĺֻ޴ޱȵëצֱӴ£ڳīոĵط
ֱӽɽϴһƬ
Ųһģ͵ȥоյıܿһ١
ţһֻ޴ޱȵëѩצҲԨһ£ץĴϡ
צϵļ߸¡

һһͷ󵽲˼İԳ˳Ԩֱӳ˳
һӢǰ
ͷԳȻǧɸߣ
һ˫۾ֻͬ޴ޱȵĺҹɫУ˸ĺɫâ
֮󣬰ɫԳĵһ飬һŲͭС
ӢʱҲѾӦﻹаսͭСˣתܣ
Գһʼûע⵽ӢһܣԳʱһȻݺһӢ塣
໣
ͭСͷޣһ춯صӲĽѩ׾Գһ
һȻ֮󣬻ͷβĹɢѩ׾ԳҲһʹ˻ӻ˼ΣﾹȻ³һѪ
ȻһҲˣ
ͭСӢķֱӷ˹ȥ
ӢһܣһٴȡһöƷ쾧ʯСĿ۵У˵ľҲһ̣ﵽһ۷״̬
һһƣб
Сķһ˲䣬ûѹס
ͷӢȻɹͻˣ
Ӵڵ۷壬ֱͻƵڣ
ֻһɲǣӢͱѹƵ죬һɲǡȴȫµƣ˲ָ
ӢЦЦг죬ͬʱҲ⡣
벻ͷȻͻˣԹŮҵţӢ޵ģͷѩ׵ľԳǳī
Ӣʹ޶ҪЩ
Ϊ˵ѡ̣
Ƚͷѩ׾Գ֮ȥˣ
ʱҶŹ


421 ĳԻ
Ȼѹ죬ͻƾ磬ӢĴ
Ǽף˵ˣԼߣ
ͭСУͷβĹޣٴᣬĹУͳѩ׾Գѡ
ȻҲǸǳġ
ž
ѩ׾Գԥһٴͷδȫɵľޡ
ʱͭСУͻȻɢһεĲֱӽѩ׾ԳһסȻವһ£һƶ֮ң
ѩ׾Գһŭ𣬼ͳȥ޴ޱȵİƣݺݵһγͭС
ʱͭСеĹҲʵ﷢͵ηĳѩ׾Գ
˫˲սһ
޴ĺ
ӢʱҲֹͣߣҧгݣϼƷ쾧ʯһſŵķͭС
֮ǰöԸīһƷ쾧ʯ㹻ˡ
û뵽ȻһͷޣҪʡĿաӢҲǷ˺ݣϧۣҲҪͷѩ׾ԳɱȻȥҳīͶˡ
ֻǣӢЩ͹ͷѩ׾ԳһʱȥƷ쾧ʯѾö˫սȴȻûκνļ
ͷѩ׾Գ׺ޱȣҲԪӤ磬ֳսȴѾ޽ӽ
ȻͭСֻͷβĹڼƷ쾧ʯ֧£ҲӵԪӤ۷ľ磬ȫһѾӽ񣬵ȻԵֵѩ׾Գİơ
ȻӢܹϵüƷ쾧ʯ֧ŻͷβֵĻܰͷѩ׾Գ
ֻǾҪĶ٣ܴﵽĿģӢ˿Ҳһ׶ûˡ
ЩڣΪʲôûиһ
֮ǰȻ˵ˣ໥ЩˣȫŸԲͬ˼ֿ֮󣬾ȫúԶ
ҪӽʫһЩӢǸӽһЩ
˿ߴսֻľ磬ǧ֮Ҳȴû˸ϹȻúԶ
ȻǴӣӢϵļƷ쾧ʯҲ֮ߣҲôʮ飬ȥʱ
ԽӢԽǽ꣬޿κΡ
Ǳ߶ųīһҲͣһ·񱼣սҲԽԽԶ
ֱڶСտʼ÷ʪ͸ĶЩãȻͣ˽Ų˿̣Ҳﵽƣļޡ
ٿīȴ˯ú졣
·ϣ͸īι˴ѵĵҩЩҩīֱѹųī񱼣ȴСġ
ˣī·ϣȻ˯ˡ
ͷｫīķڲݵϣ̲ס˸ۣȻ˶Ѿľ˫ۡ
ʱ򣬳ī˫ۣ΢Цŵ־һΡ
˳īһۣҪ˵䣬ȴ뵽ҪΪԼӢҲ˷һ
˰ɡû˵ţȻȴʼԼĴռö
˵ľ޴ӣӣһͺı죬ư衭
īһʯͷϣĿɿڴĿͬϰһĶС㲻ϵĴԼĴռᶫ˶ˡ
Ĵռ桭װĶЩ
һױ̨ʱ򣬳īڱˡ
֣ԼѾȫû취֮Ů棬ʲôˡ
ռܴ󣬿ɳīҲûҪЩװȥ
Ǹױ̨Ǹʲô
ҪⶫЯ
ȻٿЩָµĳþߣīǳ鴤ţûĶǴⰲ𣿡
ôأûһʱȬҪչ㰡Ȼ˵
īĬһ£ʵΪʲôҪôã
˵ҪЦĿ˳īһֻۣЦУȴٴżǿ
ī΢΢һü뵽ʲôʵӢֱַļ桭
ʲô˳īĻȻڼλߵĺܣҪġ
īʵ
أЦǲǾеŮӣǼĹأ
īһͷߣ벻λС˵ôֱӡ
ĳĬöЩջֹͣʰЩߣϷһȻתīЦȻι
ţ
ܲܲҪ飿
á
īӦĺܸɴ࣬Ϊ˶һĨ
գӢû˾ƬɽĲԭס
ҲʵжڹһԻ塣
īûÿһ۾ĵһ£
óīЩȵǣλ׿޵ľŮУգҲ൱ߣ
ձ¥ЩԻؼˡ


422 ܻ
ҲǵճһŮ
ҵʱѲֱȥˡ
ֵطҲѲһ˵īܺ档
УС￴һ۳ī
īʱĬһǸ⡣
ûʲô̾һˣĸ̫ˣ̫ʺϼ塣ԣܵҸ棬գûӹֻ֡
ãĸ׵Ҹ״ŭȻûֱնֻ֣ȴֵֻ߹ɱһѣȻųҪһëийصȫᣡ
ԣҴС󣬻ǰȫҲûȱٹʲô
ȴԸصǸȥϲʳñĶѳԣ޷ʣǣҺСʱʼԼĵ
ѽ棬վһĽᣬ豨𡣡
ȻûʲôݵλôõŮˣӦÿĿֵϲŶԣôӦ
ֻϧҵ츳ֻ
⣬ī̲ס˸ۣһ۶С근䣿
ιŮܲòһ۳īǻشѾʮһˡ
ʮһ꣬۷塭츳īǳ鴤
֪ʲô￴һۣҲɫƷѪУȻ̸ͣ϶ߡҵʣôöҲžż۷壬أҪ˵ˡ
ѪôҪ𣿡īһ۶
ĵͷȻˣ㵽ڣͻףǿѪˡ
ѪѾǿˡīοȴԼѪ
ԵʱֱӽѪʯ̨飬ҲǸʱ򣬽ųǰ
˵ǴβѪֱӸı˺ܶ顣
ûǴѪԵĻҲᷢī켣Ҳ˶شı仯
㲻ðοңԼĺܡﵭһЦǰʱ䣬˲㣬һɫѪľŮأѪǿ󣡡
īľΪ֮һ£Ȼ֪ǸɫѪľŮꡣ
ǸŮ磬ѪԳɹ֮󣬾ȻʧˡǱֱӴˡ˵δ϶޹
ҲԷƱôᣬһպΪһŮҲûпܰī˵
ŮۣЦΪô׳ɵģ
˵ţ￴ųīǲǾãܹȺˣѾƬ֮¡ǿһȺˣ
ѵ𣿡īʡ
Ȼǣһī൱Ĵ𰸡
Ѫڵġδضţﵭ˵෴ѪԵЩ˵УҲδؾͶߡνţʵԵġ
īͷ۵㣬Ǻͬ
ΪħѪܾͲǺǿѾ˻磬īҲһֱʦʵ϶ȻЩͬ׵Ų
Ȼôڵɽķƣôǿߵ׷ɱ
һ˫ƯӣԶ˵ʵУĶ콾ǲмڽġ
īϣʱһƬͣŶ
ôǲǾеܴˣЦЦʵ֪µʱҲʧ˺ܾء
ΪʲôǱ𣿡īʵ
ʵûСȻָǻҰȵĻǵЦ˵ݸ߹ЩˣмеģĻһꡭҲڣ˵Ǵ޽ˡ
쾧ʯīŶ
쾧ʯ󡣡Ц˵ǲʽȻģһܳܵġ
ô硭
簡ʵһͦĵطˣԺܶ˵ʵЦ˵ɽ硢˵統ȻǸѵ֮أлõıȱԴЩ˵硭ʵһȽϴСѡ
ԭīԳЦЦ
أ⵹ġ￴ųīЩ۷˵ֵطأҲסǡǵĿ꣬ں޾ǿ
ī΢΢һ𣬸оЩĪ𺳣ƺһѪҺ˲
ѽҪȡһ˵ΣҪĶ󣬾ڶңҵ˼Ǳ֣ȵùġ϶Լ˵ţңӵԼѹҲ˲佫ѹ塣
ɱĸ֮𣬲졣ī˵
أܻлģȻһЦ


423 ķľ
ԭӢ֮䡭īŶ
ͷеⷽ˼ɡ
Բ𡭡ī˵
˵ԲǸˣʵҲϲ֮ǰأΪʫʫԭû̫࣬͵ദţҲûʲôû뵽˵أȻխ֮ǰķ桭һֱαװġ˵ţĿתīЩпĵ˵ôô£ʶʮʱˣҲſĿ
īĿŶС㣺ֻһ㶼˵Ů˵İɣ
һɡƲƲ죬Ȼųī˵ڶͦģ
ʲôī´˼۳īòϲ˰ɣ
Сôῴֻ쵰ﵱ۾ϡ
ǾͺãǾͺáīʱһ
ʱŭˣצ˹ī쵰ʲô˼СôҸƴˣ
ΣĴӳīīϣ˲Сӡһ
ɫ΢죬вСӣԺٸǱС㣬ͺݺݵʰ㣡
˵ţһһˡ
īǣһûãȻǶĶ֣˵ˡʱķӦȻʵ뷨ȴ˹˼˼ҹ档
Ӿһȥ
º󣬳īƣѾ׻ָ
ͬʱīĸо֮ۺʵѾﵽľľۣûа취ʵˡ
ΪˣｫѵĵҩȫιЩҩ˵󲿷ֶõģϾĵҩƷ˵֪߳ɽ硢ĵҩٱ
ˣ˵ͬʱԳī֡;硱˵ҲŲɹĺô
ʱ쾳ˡ
īһʼ
Դųī֮˴ī쾧ʯȫע뵽Уʹòı仯ǳ޴
ŵģĹҲڳֳ
ңīе⣬ԭ룬
ǰľѾֳȴһƬհס
ľ֣Ѿ
һ˳С
ڶƽС
С
ľΨҾС
ľףֻа˸֣ңҾ졣
⻹һΣ¶ȫľ֡
Ȼɽ磬īȴãⲿķ̺Ŵܡ
磬Ҳ϶һ֡
ɲǳīǰľƾ룬޶˲²⡣
ǳīŰϣԱ˵ĵ֮Ľۡ
ŰȷǸöԺܶ˵磬мֵĶ
ŰУкܶ˶ڽĵãųīȼҲȨȥЩϢ
ܶɽʿʿ۸ķǿ
򵥵ַʽÿһ磬ķٶȣ
һõķԿʿͬ£յࡢ
īЩ˵˵óһۣԼķҪˡʿɹķȫǿ
Ȼиǿķ˼Ҳмû
ⲢҪΪֻҪЩ˵ķǿ󣬾Ѿ˵ǿˡ
ŰЩˣɶѪǿ콾
Ȼ˵Ķż磬еЩˣѾƬ£ǿһȺˡ
īһֱǲķֻĵһ
īָоԼʲôʱﵽ֮ӦþͿĵڶˡ
ԶīоƺҪͻƣʱ˸ۣ̲סӻ󣬾޷Ľͻƣһˡֱֳɵİӣ
˵ţֱ׳죬ƬΧţʼ־Ƭ֮Ƭֱӱһ֡
Զȫκ쳣֮
һУ˿ɫЩĳ졣
쾳󣬲ûôס
ϾЩɲ쾧ʯ߶ġ
󣬶һԣĿųī
СӣǸء氵뵽ǳĵط̫һ㣬磬ĳɾͣδؾͱҲ
ʱУʼųī߻۹֮УȻγһС
ȻȴܸӦϲ¶֮ɫ૵һʲôķôôǿȫ߶ķ粻ѹơҲﲻ̶ֳȰ
ѵ˵Ϊ̫ͣ
Բԣ
üͷķɸߵ޹أĶķǲ۾ġ
˵ţ￴ųī񣬶Щ仯Сӵϡܺܶѽ
ôͼ磬ȻܹӵǿķҡķҲ
ʱԶһɫʱ΢΢һ䡣


424 
£˵оǲУ˵ˣʫֻǻȴǶûʫģʫܷŭ
ʫʫѾһ·ˣ˵ʵ˼𣿡һɺ⣺㲻ûСӢҵǵʱʲôӣҵ׵ܵܣδСӣ۸ô
£϶ԭģҸС׽ûף˽Ȼ̸жϲӢҲֺʫЩ죬ھ
ˣҲøʲô£Ѿˡ˵˵ҵС֮ûиǸԵ͵ȼϻһǣҵĴԸǸ
ʫ˵һôˣѵ˵ĺӢӢˣǸСսģ
һͷԪӤСӣܰҵܵŪ˿̣ͣס˽ŲҲЩ㶭ʲôû϶ҲСӢ˵˾ĻȻСӢôִ̼ܵʫʫĺýò٣Ҫ˵ġ
˵ðͺú˵˵СôûˣʫʵСӢ֮䣬лԼ𣿡
ûлԼ˭֪ǡ
ûлԼûΣ˵ҲСῴһԵͼСӣĿˣҲԼ顣ƾʲô⣬ͳ˶ԲӢˣʫʵ
ʫʫô˵̫˰ɣӢΪʲôСģ㲻֪𣿡ҲЩӲ
ӢȻΪ׷СģǣСϲ˱ˣҲֻ˵Ӣ֮Ե޷֡ʫ˵ңӢڽС֮ǰЩʲôһɱǸꡣСȻӸ߰ĮĵȴӢôԭѾЩʧˡ
Ҳܣκˣ˺ҵĵܵܣҶŹ˵ԭԸ˵ʫʫûбˣ˵ﻰڶȻܳ裬ݣվһŮ
⣬Ľ΢΢һ촽ӫ˸
ǺǡһһΣ˵ֻأеĿ࿴ˡʫȻЦ
ʱЩˣⲻû˵ﻰҲ𣿡
УôУԭһֱ͵ҹӣȻڹҲһݵˡŮǺǣǲ֪ŮδΪŮ֮һһʲô̬ȶ˼ңҲ֪гһճɾŮֻۣ᲻Ű˼ҵݱɵճ
Ůۡ˵򵥣׿˶ˣмܹƵ۵ģ˵
ҲͬԶ붭ﲼµĻԼʮĵطʫվǣĿһеĻô
ôôһʫ
ʫԥһ£̧ͷµϣһĨ˵ľԶ֮䡭ͳˣлԼڣҲ޸һýõˣ
УĽ΢΢еˮҲһһε¡
ɫһһףʫô˵ĿУǲýˣ
ʫϣҲ¶ʹ֮ɫСҪ޶˵㣬ҲӦ
޶ԡǺЦ㵽ڣˣ˵޶ʫʫҽҲѻ⣬ҲȥԶ£ĸйأô˵
ʫҡͷԸűŭͷԣѾǵӢҲԸң£˵ףĿܣܵܿǵͼһ𣬶ʻգʧȥǡ
㹻ˣɫĺȵңѵ޶𣿲ŭգѵҪȥ͸ף
ʱ򣬶Ҳ̲סӻУһ߳Ȼֻ˼ʱ䣬ʫǰ
ѽС㣬ôʫʱһԾı飬ȵıʱʫʱףոܣ϶˸š
ȴһ㶼ⶭϴ۵Ķã㣬ҵ֮ܵ䣬׷ʲôΪʲô˴УǸԵͼأ϶Ҳ⸽ɣ
￴˵Ҹ֮ܵ䣬ܷʲôңҵĽҸ֮䣬ѾûκιϵˡΪ˴ӦԼŶԡС棬Σķ˭пΣա
ãһ˭пΣգˣˣǰɣ͸ɭĹâ˵⵹ҵܵܵˣ٣ڻŷ֣ǸˮŮˣ
ʫʱŭˣ˵˻𣿡
ɫҲ˲ò԰ף˵˭ˮˮ
Ŷһһٵҵĵܵܣģ


425 ɢҺ
䣡
һɱǿƣ˳ŶϣȻ
κһŮӣ޷һˮ۵Լͷ
ôҪôЦһֱѸײڶ֮ƣļ˲ȫ
ס֣ʫû뵽ôֱӶ֣ҪֹѾˡ
ս飬һ㣬ȫû뵽ԷȻôݡ
ɲǼ䣬ͱ⼸ǿĹֱӴϡѪɳȥ
Цˣɱ˵ĻֶΣңҪ֡͹Լɣ
ǱߵĶ˿Ѿ˿Ѫϴʳ
ʫһ˹С㣬û°ɣ
ֻᣬѾȫ˵ϵĴɢ
ǱߵʫıӰһĨ֮ɫ
ƽĶۣʫһӵѡ
츳׿Ѫ㣬áҪǣᣬƽ⡣
ϧѽһĨ֮ɫ˭㿴ôһĻأ
һ˲֣
ǿƥķǿɱݺݺʫ
޷ʫֱӱ˲ɱ
ͷûأֱӾſ˶ϡ
˿ûгɢĿֻɱʫһ˫У¶ޱ𺳵ɫ
Ŀһ۶˵˳ۣҪĽ飬ףûҵܵǸ׳գҲһɱ㡣ôˡǺǣСΣķ꣬ˣҲͬʱĲϡһ顣
ӶҲܶһ£۾ˮ࣬ϵʳûпһֻۡޱĿſԼϵʫֻʣһͷʫʫɵȻϲһħôꡭ
ǿϧˣԭľʣʵǼõ¯ϣԷļ۸ʵ˲ܾܾѽһ˵ţһּһСƿ
˵Ϊ˷ֹǵиҲֻˡ
˵ţŶЦЦ֪ʲô𣿡
￴һۡ
˵ⶫɢҺ
⣬ڻ磬棬Ĵɱ
ֻҪһΣͻὫǵ꣬ɢ
ʱ֮еʧȥ֮ܿͻή
ŶҵˣӦòôήģϾǶǷڵʿ
ڼ֮أ겻˵ʬꡭǱĳЩܽʬꡭ
ȻЩʵЦȻߵǰǽһɢҺʫϡ
Կһ˲佫ʫ
ȻУͻȻһŤ
ĳǿ
һĨʹϧ֮ɫţ㱻ȡٺЦЩԴټӢҲˣԴδҲֻҵģôԴԽϵλʫʫǲ㣬ΪҳƵۡġ
˵ţҡҡͷȻĿ⣬䵽˶ϡ
ʱĶѾ޽ӽǰ·һ׹⣬ǰ׹Уվһλˡ
˷ȴһĿ
衭ĽһǸ¶ЦݣʱоůůģƺеĲ죬еǳȫɢ
ž
һɢҺֱӵ˶ϡ
˫ĵ˲ʧȥеɡ
ƲƲ죺Сˡÿϧÿϧѽ
˵ţ֮ɫԶϵѰţǸԵͼϡҲ̫ԶӢǸ׳տ˵ﰮǸСӣһֱһ𣡡
ô
һɽ
ﲼµĻһּΪĻ
ǶһλԵУõһִУ޹أκ˶޹ء
˵ѹƾ磬㲻ѹƣǷڵľ磬Ҳܿκ
ԣֱӴӳīչĵطŸԶķѰҹȥ
˺ܾãٴλصüͷþ˸ָİ취Ȼһ˿ûв鵽
ⲻԵġǸϣôƾʧˣ
ѵ˵Ĳ
ԩ˶
٣ʲôԩԩġ
ϣˣ
ҧгݵĹһ䣬Ȼص˶ʫߡ
ѾƯŮƲƲ죬૵¼䣬ŮƣҵϵλһںһƬλãԣϢɡ
˵ţֱ뿪뿪С硣
֮ˮͲں
ֻɱˡ
ȫû뵽ǣո뿪Сһ˲䡣
С磬Ȼӿһɲ˼ǿҲ


426 ֮ˮ
С磬ͻȻǻһƬޱߵˮеһɽأһ̣ȫʧˡ
Ȼκ飬޷ܵǵĴڣ
ֻʣ£ˮ
Щˮ۵˳īͷϣȻ󡭡һΣΣΡ
һˮֱӵ뵽˳īĲȥ
һУīԼûκθо
ţˮֱ뵽ʫͶС
ǹǰһֱˮǰͲһ˲ɢ
һˮҲֻΡ
ˮ֮С磬˲ָƽ
һУȥǰƺûκα仯
ʱ򣬳īȻ˫ۣһɺ糱϶£ƴֱӹעȥ
죡
ν죬߸ʿ֮һš
վϣǰһʿһߡ
ͨ硣
磬㲻ȥķؼҲỺĽ뵽˵嵱С
ԺܾúܾöóԷֻؼľɴ
磬һˡ˵Ѿһֺܲ˼ľ硣
ɷ졢ܶݵءɰɽӵг޷Ĵ
īܹĸоԼϢۻֺ޲˴һܵĳ嶯
㣿īҪڵһʱ䣬ߵ˷ֿ֣Ĵһۣûп
ȻҲѾϰˡ
ѾͷȻ꣬ȴǺϲԸֳԡżȤ
ϱѪ𣬿ܵڣڶ˵ˡ
ǸԻܵЩѾԵĲ˰ɣīҡҡͷһ䡣
ī˵ţȻ΢΢һüͷﲻ֪Ϊһɲ̫ĸо̤죬Ժܶ飬ȻӦ
뵽ƺһֲ飬ڳīͷ
īʱ򣬿һܣûвκ쳣֮
ﲼµǿ֮ڴ棬׵Ŀľ󣬵棬ȴȫ档
ī֪ﲼµⷨûв߻ʲô֮ͬ
ֱ߳ⷨķΧŸоԾΪعͷȥȻٿס˺ܶ
еģƬԭΧĻûκβͬ
īоȣȥ
²ȵġȻĶƾоѾߵλãȴǿտҲ
ѵǡ˵еķ󣿡īЩ𺳵ˣŰᵽַǿ֮УͰڸĻ
˵ģīʱδʲô˿̲׷ǿ֮
УҲһ˿ů֪Ƕֹ˷֣Ųµķ
ľ类ѹƵ죬ⷨ󣬿϶ĺܴɣī˵õ쾧ʯ
ô˵Ƿ˶Сһܴ顣
С㾿ܵȥˣòʲôⷢɣ
ī棬Щֹ
ʱһشľʶ
Ǹɵ㲻Զĵط
飿īһͬСɣζû뵽ԼСУ鲻ܽݹһСе
ʲôⱿСӣ֪֪ѾԵһȦȥеƣ
ʲôīŽ˵ķ򣬼ȥͬʱʵ
ҿһʶȻĻ˵ļһĲʲô£ȴϧù˵ţīչͻʱ飬īһ顣
ʱ򣬳īҲѾ˶ʫǰŮȻʫڶϣŮһѪȥ˯ˡ
īŭɶǸ
ھͱ˵Ǹˣڵ㣬ԶԶĶ֡˵
ǡī˯˵Ůüͷ˼ûڳīҲһ׶ûС
˵ԭɣ飬ڻУҲ㲻϶ôϡȻΪĽ飬ҲײָԤ顣֪ΪʲôѾͷȻ֮ˮ𶯡
ʲô˼īһ⡣
ǲ֪Ϊʲôԩ̫أĲʡ֪˭Ȼ֮ˮķ
ȻأīҪ֪ʫôˡ
Ȼ֮ˮ磬תȻ͸֮ˮȥеɢҺ̾ϢһֻϧЩˣļ䣬ȫʧˡ
īĿɿڴô죿
СӸˣϵĲֱӶ֮ˮеֻҪһζѣͻȻ⡣
飿īǳ鴤ţһ۲棬ֹȻ峺͸ˮڻϿա
ˮӨ͸ͬʯһ㡣
ϸȥÿһˮУ·̺һޱȵĴǧ磡
īоԼ꣬ͱȥ
΢΢һϽĿƿ


427 ʧ
ڣѡʱˡȻЦ֮ˮ͵ıѾֵֵ֡ɹ磬ҲֻҪó֮ˮͿԽѣȻòֵҲԲ
ֵī̾һʲôıҲһ
Сӣһ䡣
īЩɻ󣺡ող˵֮ˮ磬ǹ͸֮ˮ𣿡
ɵСӣ֮ˮֻɢϵɢҺǲڻɢ˵ҪȻǣȴҪΡ
ԭҪô֪֮󣬳īûκԥ
ʱ򣬽鷴Щԥˣ˵Ȼǣܼ򵥣֮ˮֱϱɡСӣҪãȻ֮󣬻ʧȥеļ䣬һǾͲܷصԵļȥ
ҡԥһ£˵Ϊ֮ˮг飬ԣǾص磬Ҳͣ죬ʱΰǣ
ҡڻУҵǵļ壬ͻȥ𣿡īЩͷŮӣɲһݵͨŮӣ˵Ҳš
ǴŮӳǰͻΪʸ֮ġ
زȥģԵĻƣѾϨҲ˵ڸԵļ壬ѾΪˡˣ̾Ϣò˶ãǵļ壬ͻὫᣬҲ˵ѾͷʵѾˡ
īǳ鴤֪˵ʲôá
㲻ǳʶǵǰ˵
Ҫô죿īеΪѣѵܴ˽粻ɣ˵ôŮ磬ҪôǴȥ
뵽⣬īü˵Ժֻܴˣҡȫǲùȥ顣ĻǸˣʲô𣿡
˵ʵ͵ˣҲΪʲô֮ˮҲⲻˡǸߣ˽磬պ硢ɽ硢硭ûġ
ǵ
֮ˮԶʤԭ˵
ôָܻǰļأ
ҪԵ˵Ҳпûʧȥء
ī̲ס˸ۣܿ׵㲻
Ҳף飬Ҳе֣û취㾫׼Ĵ𰸡һ㶼ûв˼
ðɣôȾȻ˵ɡī̾ϢһжޱʹޣǸΪ࣬ȻϲԼŮɱ֡
ī˵ţĿռ䣬ȡһ֮ˮУȫܲʪĸоûУָоһ˲䣬īָо·ˮޱȵ׽ָоˮϡκˮĵطš
֮ˮС磬ҲʣʮΣȻһóΣ˾ȡ˵
ī֮ˮֱӵ˶ϣȻ󣬿ˮ˲ڽ˶嵱С
ܿģīͿﳤĽëȻҪˣ
īϽʫϱŵһԣȻȡһ֮ˮʫϡ
ʱ򣬶Ѿһ˫ޱȴӣųīţ¶һ˿Цݣī
īʱסͷ̫ףʲôʧ䣿һ۾ϳԼûκʧ֢״
ûȳīعǱ߶Ȼü¶ʹ֮ɫҡô˭
ʫһԣҲһ˫ۣһ۳ī΢΢üţֿһԵĶʫϣ¶һЦݣСҵˣã
ʫʫ㣿ңôˣ˭ţﾫµСϣ¶ʹ֮ɫ
ǶѽõĽãʫȻ˵漴ҲüôоԼ˺ܶණңʫؼңҺ񡭡񡭡ףʲôţôʲô벻ˣ
ʫ˵ţžϣ¶֮̿ɫȻųīԳīŭĿӣ㣬ʲô
ī϶ʱ¶Цʫƺȶ΢ǿһ㣬٣ǵԼ˭Ҳûǿȥ
ʱʫǰ˵ʫʫ㣬īǺˣԩ
ʫĿڶͳī֮ɨɨȥ˵㲻ǸǸţ˭ţΪʲôȫ벻ˣ
Ҳ벻ˡʲô飿Ͱ͵Ŀī
īҲͷۣ֪ôǽ͡
ʱ򣬳īԺУȻһμ仭档
ͬʱڳī𣺡ҪҪ࣬ˣֻܰ㵽ˡ


428 
˵꣬ͱϢȻ֮ˮ磬һУ˵Ҳô򵥵һ¡
ƿŻĴ磬ƶ򣬵ȴƿУ
Ͼķ
īȡһμ䣬ٴθܵޱǿҵķŭ
֮ǰ˵˾ɵһĻĻ棬Կơ
˵ŮȻȨ֪Щ࣬ǣڵǡִܾܵ
е繫ʶǵ˵УѾˣȻʧȥеļ䣻صУҲʧȥһǿķΪԼ֮ǰеϡ
һУܹ
īңʲôôоҵļУȱʧ˺ܶ飿ĿųīȻ˵⣬Ҷˡ
īͷߣһ۶˵㶼ˣȻǵóԣ
ʫĿųīīһ㶼ϤҲûнӴӡӡ̸ϣȻʫȻĸоƺǰˣʮƲۡ
ȻĺӢĵӢ
֪ΪʲôǾԼݣ߹
ָоԼú֣ΪڣҲ쾳簡
ҡΪʲô쾳磿ߵöࣿʫϣ˲¶֮ɫվ·ϵѪʱ⡭ô£
˵ţͷ̧עųīǲ㣿
ʫʫ㡭϶߹סʫ֣Ǻˣ
ʫԼԴѾʧȥ˷磬૵׷ʲôҡô
￴ųīīһ֪ʲôǰɣǰɡ
ʫʱҲųīˮһ˫УҲ¶ֿ֮ɫ
ī̾˿Ҳ֪ô˵
ʲô˵ʲôɡʱʫͻȻ̾˿ҵƺкܶ飬ңܸоЩ飬ϵ˵ɣʲôҶܳܵ
ЩãȻĿʫȻСĵĿ˿ī㣬˵ɣҲܳܡ
ðɡīһᣬڻǾ˵ô˵ǶȨ֪Щ顣
ң˵һضȥ
Ҹط˵ɡīŮ֮ǰסĵطȥ
ߵﲼ·ĵطʱȻգգۣ˫һ죬ͻȻУȻ֮ǰ񣬳ǰ
һУЩȵĵΪʲôЩ
ʫüͷǰһУȻͷת˶㣬㾹Ȼסһ𣿡
֮䣬׵ĺܡīһʫȻ񣺡˵ɡ
ﲻȳī˵꣬ȻʮȻĿʼ׼Եġ
ʫԥһ£ǸųīСĵϣĴ
˵ɡʫĿ⣬ΨһһŴͣһᣬɫ΢죬ųī˵
֮Ů㣬ʫؼңȻոԼ˵ģʵϣҲ˽㡣ī˵
ʫ΢΢һû뵽īô˵û˵ʲôǾš
ʱҲչЦеڳīߡ
ī̾һԼڻϷˣ֮󣬷̵֣ʱ䣬ʫͶ˵һ顣
Ů꣬ȫĿ͵ĿųīһƭҰɵı顣
ʫ૵˵֣ûгīֱŭʹ޵ķӦȥƺƽֻǷ߶֣еĺ⣬ȴʮǿҡ
ҡѾˣЩֵ̿Ŀųī˵ţҲȳīش𣬳һ䣬ԼͬƵĽ
棬ûһ˿˺ۡ
󣬶һãȻĿųī˵ʵѾˣǱ֮ˮסȻֱһ֮ˮȻˣȴʧȥ˼䣬𣿡
īЩɬĵͷԲ𡭡ʱ
ڡ𣿡ȴȻЦֻ˵İ񣬲ţüΪʲôҪô˵Ϊʲôһָо
īŶ̾ȻǼǵö˵ЩڣԼȴѾȫˡ
ʫʱЩعһ˫ųī˵Щ飬ģ
īЦʫС㣬룬ûκƭɡ˵һôûСԵĻֵͼˣԸûǣ
ʫļ䲻ˣҲûˣ˳īĻȴԽܡ
һЩţġʫ̧ͷųī


429 仭
ǰһ죬Ǹ߸ϵ֮Ů壬ݸ߹׿Ϊǿ᣻죬Ȼ˼ѾȥˣеһУɹơ
Ů˵ڶûбѾܳīԤˡ
ī룬Ѿ˵ˣɴ࡭ѽ鴫ԼǶλ棬ǿˣ
֤ݵġī˵
Ҫʫһᶨ˵ţȻóŰ壬ʼѰؼйصϢī˵ȻԼļȫûκӡ
Ҫ˽
īһ۶
Це˵Ҳˡ
˵ţȻܵһԣȥȥˡ
īǳ鴤˵öô񾭴С־磿
ѽóһˣ˵ĻζͲˣ˵
īʫͷߡ
ī鴫ԼǶμ䣬ֱɻ棬вų
ҿͻƵ쾳磬ȻҪЩóǿΪء
棬ʫ˵ʼģһֱ֣ȻＤŭ󣬱ƵöҪ֡
ȴֱӳ֣ˣ
ʫڶϴޣǱɫֱӶʫ֡
Ļ棬൱ȫ棬ԺĿһ˲ı顣
塣
飬Ƕʱûп
ʫǱӱ͵Ϯģǲֵ֪ʱġ
˵ĻʫȴĲס
Ȼʧȥ䣬һĻȻʫҧгݣ
ƺʲôںĶһĻɱóĬ̧ͷʵĶʫ˵ʫʫ㡭Բ𣡿㡣
ʫŶ֣ǽã
˶ûٶ˵ʲôŻУ
óɢҺʱ򣬶ʫŮϵı飬ȫü
֮ǰ÷ɱŮʵͲҪŮĴ𣬼ֱһģȻڻҲҪܵش
û뵽Ȼݶ˹Ů׻ɢݡ
ɢҺԳɢȥʿꡣʫ˵
ʧȥ˼䣬һЩ֪ʶѾ׵뵽굱УΪһֱܡ
￴ųī仭еԼһ裬Ȧʱֺˣ촽ûԼ޳
ʫŻеϵһͷı飬ɫ԰ףʫ˫ۣһᣬ˳۽ʳ
󣬻еҪѰҳīѰȴûҵʧߡ
ȻС翪ʼˮīΣŮϸһΡ
Ȼ󡭡ˡ
ʫһ˫ۣųīһϵĵǸԲ𣬳ӣ֮ǰ㣬ң֮ʫ
Ȼˣܼܲȡī΢΢ҡͷҶԶλҲͬ顣
һԣüЩʹ˵ˣʲô벻ָоܣЩ·ڿű˵ѽ룬ʲô취޲ģ
ʫһЩȷ˵мֵҩ޲꣬ڵǣûȥõЩҩ
ҿ԰ǡīһ˵
ʫʱЩĿһ۳īŰ塣
Ȼûйȥļ䣬ȴѾµǰƽĶۣʫӺºͣر𿴲ʲôˡ
īľվ̫ˣ
ⲻǿ𿴲⣬еϣôҲȻϡ
ӵĺ⣬Ҹﶼ죬ǡЩҩҸոҲŰϿˣǮޱȰ󣬻ܺУҪ޸ǵ꣬ȻҪһĹ̡ⲻһСĿʫһϵĿųīңڵľ磬ȫ졭Ҫٶľ磬ҪԴ¸һ֡պٲҪ鷳ӣԣоͺá
ʱһʫȻ˵ڻص壬ʲô
ʫЩĿһ۶ôȥҪԴˣ
һЩ۵ĵңе£ΪɱҶġȻʲôǵãȻΪܵܲҪɱҵġ
īͷŶ̾Ϣһ֮ǰ˵Щôķʽ˶
ãЩȻĵͷˣǣҾ͸ܻҵļˡ
ҲܻءʫȻ֪ī˵ʲôҲûй档
ʵҲܻأΪʲôҲܻأ
ʫһ۶ڣѾ֮ˮʣƫƫֻľ磬صô
֡ص岻Ӧñ𣿡īҲЩ档
ʫ˵϶Ը֮ˮʣ֮ǰľ֮ɲһ֮ˮʣǶʰ»ĴԴҲǡǣҲãҼҲãˣϣǼŵġţ⻹ֻǼڲģأأǻŹ𣿿嶼ˣֻҪǵ״ɢȥ綼ˣͻֱӱɱ
ʫ˵ţȻ˵УǵǲվҪᣬʧȥ˹ȥļ䣬ָֻ֮ǰľ磬ֽλص磿


430 Ҫʲô
Щɵۣʫ˵Щû˵֮ǰǲ𣬵һ˵ܹˡ
īҲ֣ʫ̶ȣƺȶ᲻٣ڱɢҺ֮ǰѾܵشйء
￴ʫȻǸɴīȥˣ͵Ƕˣһ죬ǻָȫļ䣬ɱصȥǸ
ʫŶпЦ˵ãôѽ
£ƺҲֻʣһ·ء
ţʫһ۳īӣԺ󡭡Ҫˡ
īĿһʫ񣬹ȴܸŮӣҲµʶ
Ǹ൱ǿŮˣִܵһʼһʧ̬֮⣬ȻܿƽԼľȻ󲻼ĿδһЩ顣
ʧȥ˼䣬ȻǸ֮Ů
ǿ󵽿£Ҳǿ𾴡
īԺǽɾˣɲ۸ǣǴһᣬͻȻĳһ侪Ļ
ȿȡīʱǳ鴤
ʫһ۶˵˵ʲôأʫ˵ţɫЩ糺
һȻĵ֮ŮҲᣬҲ죬׻زȥֻܸųī
ߣˣʫУһĨʹ֮ɫ
֪һУʵĹֲīͷȥֻƾīǻ棬һеǰ
УȷʵޱȵĿƣֲ֪ηй
ڸųī뿪һ൱Ҫԭʫû˵ڡ
׼ȷ˵Ҫԭ
һ󡱣С粻֪Ϊζ֮ˮһһΣȴɵīΣ˵һҪ⣬ǾǣīݣԲ򵥣
٣ˣ𾪣
ڶǳīļ仭棡
ǻ棬ôģ
ǾԲǳīļ䣡
ΪǸӽǸͲԡ
ȻʧˣʫĴϻ۵ȷܼոڿŰ壬ڵԼͬʱҲڲģ
ոŰϾѾ֪߼ʿļ仭棬ȷó˿֤һЩ顣
һʿ֮һ˲ݵĳ̶ȣһ֮󣬻ŵһ϶ֶΣԷм仭棡
īˣû
ʫʱ򣬾ɣΪǸͲǳīļ仭棬ӦǱ˽λ棬͸˳ī
ôǸ˭
ʲôĴڣ֪£ֱӴһμ䣿
ⱻѹƾС棬ľ硭϶ģ
ϸ˼ʫо˿־壡
ԣܸɴģȸųī뿪뿪С磬뿪磡
ģʫһָоС꣬ƺܹﵽǡ
ðɺðɣˣѣûɣ˵ţųī¶һ
һ˲䣬īЩɣѾͷûʧ䣡
Ϊһʼڣı֣ʵ̫һ㣡
ʫҪ򶨺ܶ࣡
һ룬ɢҺƷҪû֮ˮѾͷͻɢˡ
ī̾ϢһֳֵֻܽΪһֱҪȥ
Ѿһִ顣
λȻҵѣôҿ϶ᾡܣȥǡīŶʫ˵ҡҲ֪ܰɡ
ܹȥӹмЦ˵ѽܣֻ֪أ
ʫĿŶûûΰ
īҲǲı飬˵أҲ̹һ¡
ʫĿ⣬䵽īϡ
ʵҲġ˽磡ī˵
ž
ոմӹһ⣬ֱӵڵϡ
ѽѽ˵ôŻ˸ʲôҵ⡭Ⱑһ۵ı顣
ʫǳ鴤ţųīϱ鲻֪ǻϲǱˡ
ڳī϶ʲôϲ
ҲΪѰ֮ˮΪԼЩ׼īʫԣҪôڻҪôȸһص˽磬ʱһ硣Ĳϣһǡ
а취ֱӴ˽磿ʫȻʵ
īͷС
ʫ㲻ʵǣĲϣ֪ļֵҸ֮ǰƷڣƾǵҪõƷĲϣֱ˵Ρ
ʱ򣬶Ѿˣ첻ĵǾˡ
ʫǳ˳飬ȥֻСһĳԻһЩӦǿͨġ
īһʫСŵùң飬Ұ취١ҲƷɣ
ǳ⣬⻰Ͽʲô
ֻǵּ֣ÿĲϣȴͳͳǵã˲ûоóī⻰ʲô֮
ʫȴŵĿųī˰ΣĵҪʲô


431 
ÿһĻʫ޸пЩңԼһΡ
ڶѾͷǸûûεĳԻʫǰµʱһ仰Ͱʫ򷢵
īǺѽ
ڣ˳īʫͷûҪʲô
ʫŵĿ⣬īֵ̯̯ǣҪǰҺˣģгһգǻص磬ҪĻҰǣ
ôġȿȣǣǾôϡͿĶˡ
ʫȫ벻ͨ˽꣬ôģƾʲôֳŵ˵ǸԶŵˣǿҲ񰡣
ϣأ׿ӵ޹δ࣬ҲֻǶġ
ոճŵģƷ
Ʒʲô
Էˮ
ԻС⣿
Ծ
Ȼ壬ҪΪһӵƷĴۣҲǼѽ
ʫٴοŰ壬дţкܴļ壬Ҳ˵óƷĲ
ԣȥܶǸԻʫȫųīóƷϵġ
һԵĶȻǸԻȥЩ⣬ֻͷ⡣
ʫųīôڣ
īͷҪȴȥһط
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īͷԣѣ
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īʫͶǾĵģûһ
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īŮڿͷϢȻǰǰһȦȴһӰûз֡
ʱ򣬴󹫼ͻȻڳУīʱһĵСӣ֮ǰȥʲôطˣ
󣬻ƋOӰҲڳīǰȻҲǸոմ˽뵽ƋOϣҲûЦݣɫʮֲ԰סȴ˵ģܵ˲ľš
ӡƋO˵ţˢһ¾˳
īŻƋOʹ󹫼ͻȻӿһɲԤУʵʲô飿
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ǡȫȫ󹫼֧֧ᣬƺ˽͡
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īоԼͷƤըˣɴ಻ȥֱһʧڻС
ʫͶӿͷ߳һȵĿŴ󹫼ͻƋO׷ʲô
Ǳߴ󹫼̾һ
ƋOҲһ˵ı顣
飬ôӼǰ˵

ҵϼңסɽɽħɽզϣȫУùħҡһ߰СкһѪܵĵһһڳĴϣǻֵĺСһȥ
˭ҪǵħѽȫɱⰡСкš
ĳʮֹ죬һ˫ͫףīͬ׵ĺڶ
ڴϣٶȲ죬գۼޱңԶߡ
ܹ˽ֵطʩչֱִͨ˼
ǸСѽ治Сѽұħң½ѽСкЦеĺţƺܺõӣ֮ľή촷ۣɽ׷ױ
ǸСѽħһҪҵѽһһȫԵٰɱ⡭
ܿģСк˳ǵ档
Ŵ˥ܣǣѾķ֮ء
ſʮַˮͷܶ
ſڵԽŵЩ˳Ҳ̫⣬Ȼڸ֮䣬żսѾһĴ룬ȴҲû
һѪܳСкע⡣
עҲУСкѾŵ˲Ҫǵˣ׷׾Ŷ㿪
ЩӴģҪȥСк˫īӿһۣȫŶ㿪
ǵϡûζħҹԶһ㣬ħɱ飬ȴɱЩϡСкĻȫһֵǿģݣȴ˲
˭ҵĺӣôһˣҴأһüͷ߹һ˫ڵСк΢΢һţһֱӱ
Ѫ
һϸϸѪߣֱСкС
£׾ŵܵˣȫӿ
ϣ˵ӡǣ߹ܳȥඡСкŸ裬ֿһ⼸
飡
Ǽ壬ҲȫȻѪѪߣСк塣
ǵĶſڣһƬң


432 ɱ
Ск˲ɱ˼ˣɱ˵ֱַδţЩĿ˵УֱһħĻ
ȴ˿ûͣķȥ
ķүӷ޵еĵ֮£Ѿ൱ǿ˷ӦҲǼġ
߸ճ£Ǳ߾дʿŶŷ
ӭͷŵСк
ȺֵĻᶼûУһȫȻ飬ѪϣʱǱѪһ㡣
ǰѪܵСкѪ߳ųȥ
һ·ϣкܶˣ屬飬Ѫ
Ӹ߿¿ĿСк߹ĵطһƬѪɫ
Ȼ󣬺ܶѪߣСкȥ
Ск˳
赲ˣֱ屬顣
ܿ죬еȫ⡣
桭һƬţ
Ƚүӷ޵еķ䣬һڣȫڴϣ˫Ŀգȥ˯һ
ѽѽѽѽѽе㲻ѽСкߺţԴȥĴүһڣȻȻ֣֪ӶԶĵطֱץһеĹŮ
ǹŮֱӱŴˣɵɵĿһѵѪĵСк
ħ˵˵ʲôСкһ˫ۣŹŮ۾ʵ
ǹŮеɣ˲ʧ˵Ӳֻ֪֪κ˿
ʲôħôû˵СкŹǿţȻһ۹Ůȥɣ
飡
Ů壬˲仯һѪ
ȻһϸϸѪߣСк嵱С
СôѪȻħһöûУҵС飬ôô޴ᵽ˽ѰܹˣСкͻȻޱȱ䣬ֹǻֵȥȴ·ܽ˵궼סңʮֲϡ
߰Ск﷢˸о졣
Скֿһ۴ϵүӺˮѾ˯мǸӡ
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˵ţүӷ޵кˮԼССķ־ԶȫȻѪ
ѪߣСк嵱С
ţе˼ͷѪе˼ˡСк˵ţּȥ
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Ск϶ֱƺЩ꣺ǸأǸô᲻ӰΪʲôļ˺ѣȫּ״̬ħɱǡ޿УҡһѪζһھˣˣˣ
Ҳ㡭Ǿᣡ˵Ѫܸеζ˰ɣܲỹôѵɣСкϵ
ǣ˵顭ˣͬһ𣬷׷ױ壡
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һ˲䣬ǡҲûһϢ
ޱŨ˲ȫǡ
Уֺֹ˿ڣ
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ɱСк˵ȴȫûκθоƵġ
վڳУһѪߣ˲
ʱСкĳ࣬ʼ仯ߡҲڲϵĳߡ
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üĿ㣬òʮӢ˭ˣҲһĶħ
ǰѵѪĳȻš
һűԭͥķ¶һĨаȵЦݣǱߡһйǸ˵Ϣ
˵ţԭͥ
ڲԭͥʱҲڻ
סĵط䱸ޱɭϣκǰš
ԣ뵽ʱ򣬾Ȼûһֿ
ܿ죬ûκ壬Ҳֱӱ飬һƬѪ
ɱ֮ȻܷŭɫЩŤΪʲôΪʲôЩˣȫģô£
˵ţ˫ۣƺ˼ʲô
ãźȻ䣬һһ٣á񡢽磡
˵ţ˫īͻȻһ磺벻ѽħеء磬ͣ⣬ΪʲôͲأѵ˵Ѿ磿ħҡҴ˵ط᲻ᣬħ˫ѽϡ
ܹ磬ܹżһȥֻСҪҵˣǡΪʲô֣ѽֿʼֵǿͬһĺš
䣬ûһ˿С
ֻϹеѶԸħҲȥ桭ȥĵ̣ħҲòʲôô˵ţֱŤһţ㾿ģģģ
˵ţֿʼ
Ŀ⣬һ
Ƿɵķ


433 
һйصˣֹһ˫ڵ䣺ΪʲôΪʲôħҵйصˣȴƫƫҲ㣿СС˽飬ѵܹѵܹ㿪ħҵƼⲻܣħҵݣ˭ܶ
Ҳ㣬Ҿɱийصˡףմ£ȫܲ˵ţֱӳŷɵķһţͬɽһ㣬˲ʧԭء
ʱУͻȻƾۣɲǼ䣬бγһֻ޴ޱȵġ۾
ûǾһֻ۾
ͻȻ˽У
һϵ飬һӵĿ⣬ע硣
ۡɷߵ꣬һͣסŲȻ̧ͷһֵĿ⣬ֻ۾
Ȼüͷ¶ı顣
ʲôɱ˼͵ȵ顣ָޱȲϺͱ䣺磬Ҳÿ춼ڷսˡֹǧΪʲôɱˣðˣ
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֪٣Խܳܵٽʱٱ֣飬άƽ⡣
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ۣ󹫼һ˵־֣ȻҲҪ־ѹϣûܹԽ־ټүû
ǣΪʲôƋOɫ԰׵ʵ
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̫ˣ
ΪƬϣ˲õ顣󹫼ûƤЦı飬˵һ¡
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󹫼ص˵עӵ飬Ӧó磬ҡܹӰ쵽Ƭؼ˵飬ȻĻ췣۾
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ܹ»γˣܹ뵽еĳܹӵдǰȥδһУȫΪīĴڡһīиʲôôƋOоԼޱȻҰ
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һѾͷûƋO˰ΣŷӦǽԼģʱ󹫼ӰѾںԶĵطˡƋOһů첽׷ȥ

˽磬ȫΪֻͻȻյ۾ڡ
³һֹϵڣûһܹ˵ֻ۾ԼΪʲôʱͻȻ֣Ҫʲôû˵
ⲢЩ˽еĶֻ֣۾иܵ궼սϢ
ⶫԱһ򱶣һĻСѾ˿̶Ųֻ۾˵
ֻ۾ζʲôעƬأѵѰʲô⡭᲻һԵ³Уһ꣬ӱչ̧֮߳ͷͷ񷡣
ǳīӦûϳ꣬ʦħһƣȻӳ׻Ƴǵλ³᳤ϡ
Źꡣ
ңԶ⣬һȺʿӱչ֮߳һеֻ۹ݡ
ΪǴֻУܵ˻
ȴһˣƺͬŵľٶЩΪȻ
òʮӢɷϣҲȫûЩʿأ΢΢̣һĨаȵЦݣȺʿм䣬Եʮͻأ
ˣ⣬Ψһࡣ
ҲһֱҪɵŵ
Ϊ
ͬʱڵפأˣҲȫӷ߳
һЩϱҲ׷״ӱչ֮ر
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޾ãĴϣŵѪĵ꣬ռֻ۶˰죬Ȼź޺޵һ䣺յ죬ħͻһģһ飬Ƿ־
һ˲䣬ռֻ۾ͻȻһɫâֱϵ꣡


434 Ĭ
־Υ
Գħ꣬ȴ죬˵Լһ죬Ҫ־
ֻ۾Ĺ
ֻһâֱӶüġ
굱
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һʱ䣬֪жˣȷ޷վ
Ϊֱռ˲ֻ۾ʧѪɫ֣ȻţѪ죬ȥޱȿֲ
⾯棬ǲֻ۾ģǱʲô飿Ǿ仰ʲô˼ʲô
˽磬ǿߣȫڲ²顣
ܹǵֲ˼Ĵڵ飬˭
ʱ򣬴󹫼ͻƋOѾ޽ӽ
ƋOڴ󹫼ıϣ󹫼ٶȣ쵽˼飡
Ѫɫ֣ƋOʹ󹫼ȻˣƋOҲã󹫼Ҳãȴȫ̲סһ
ΪǾ仰˼ûҵ
ԳīģǾ˵īڡǰȫģ
󹫼ŻƋO˳֮һյĳǣ˵飬ȫޱȳء
һۣͬʱ뵽һط
磡

īڳǣһľȻš
ȥˣһ˶ûС
ϿƮɢŵѪѾ˵һС
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СүүʧˣˮҲûˣС差־Զûüľʣ뿪ˡ
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һֱչмӣڹؼʱ̣վߵ̨̫࣬ξˣҲûˡ
ոһɫһɶǲ̨ӵƮ칬Ҳһ˶ûˡ
һУȫûˣ
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īףö˶˵ģΪʲôͻȻͻᷢ飿
硭ôˣ
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īһľȻĬڳǵĽϣֱߵһ̣棬ڲðˮҲֹסһӾ˳
ʱ򣬴󹫼ͻƋOȫӻ˳ҵ˳īԭ˵ʲôīģ󹫼ͻƋOȫѡ˳Ĭ
ڲ˵Ǽµʱ
īҲʣĬţĲԭͥȥ
󹫼ͻƋO涼һȻųīͥķȥ
ûԭͥͿͥһƬɫ
ʹޣ
īһӾˣɫ԰ף촽ţԶԶģĬĿһ꣬޵þ춯ء
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㡭㵽ȥˣҸ粻ҪλֻҪ
Ҳҽˣ
ƭңǶƭң
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ī壬΢΢һͣסŲȻûпڡ
С飬ɱȫңѵٸմֻ飬֤ɢƋO˵
īһ˫֣Ȼָ߬״ǱʯͷӲģûио
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Ȼ󣬳īһԲŷɵķȥ
պ󣬳īڷɵɽǰ
˼ǧĹɣǵһΣһֱҵȻ󴳽
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ֱīһ·ɵɽţõϢϳֱס
㣿ʲôīʮ־ȣţһŭֱĵȼĿųī㵨ӲСҲС
һ㡭ī촽ܸɣһ仰Ժ׾ͱ˼һ仰˵˰죬Ӳû˵
¡
ʲô㻰أȻشң֪Ϊʲôīĸоޱȵǿҡ
̤ףڴĽѵʵۣϹ̫һ˫ֱۣ˫޷죡
ˣУͬһ㣡
ǰˣ껹һСƨȴڳۣӲߡ
ºȻ֤˳īʦȷޱǿ󣬵ȴɢȥ
ˣټīҲŲǿ
ʦǿҲѾ뿪磡ҲѾɹ̤쾳磡һ׵Сӣʲôʸǰ̬˵˭ֵӣҷɣ
ţīȴûıǿӲһ촽¶˶ɰͰ͵ģһ䡣


435 Ψһ
С㡭Ȼŭ̧֣ݺһƣī
ɵҪСף˭ڸ˭˵
ΪܴľˣͿǰ
ʵһ־壡
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ܶʱ򣬶һ֮䡣
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īΣͬһ㣬ûпĶīӰѾʧǰ
ʧɫ󹥻ȥ
ٴգǰңѾʧȥ˳īΡ
һ紵ͻȻ˸սͬɽϣ¶һĨ֮ɫ

һɰͰ͵ͻȻڷ𣺡һ㣬ǳī
Ų԰׵ϣȻͨ죬еŭ𡭡ֱҪȼճ
ī
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վ¶ޱȸӵɫʹޣѹƺģôһ˿
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šңʲôΪʲôϣϣ¶ޱȰյı顣
漴īʱӷŭҧҪͻȻ֣ôԵСһҪ
ʱһ𣺡ԵˣôƴǸ꣬õԵ
ǸոǸȹŮ
壬͵һȻ¶˼ɫ
һ̣ı飬ޱȵĸӡ
Ժ棬һűľȻĳīʯ棬ޱ۵Ŀδĳī
߽㣬ʲô㲻Ҫۣһųī֣ˮһεεڳīϣīޱȵۡ
̵ˮƺóīЩػ̧꣬ͷһɬĵ˽㣬ϵѣûˣүүûˣҲûˣ÷㡭Ҳûˣ
Ʈ칬ûˣЩʦãûˡûˡ
ǡˣ
ڣϣΨһˡ
īϣȻʲô飬ȴ顣


436 ̽
㣬˵ʲô⣬ôܣһﲻ˼Ŀųī㲻Ѿ˳Ѿ˴룿ھĶ̤أ㲻ǻԭϵͥˣǿôܹ˺ǣ
һһֱӱ¶ԼЩһֱڹעī顣
ʱīЩȻδ˫ץԼͷޱʹĵҲ֪Ҳ֪Ϊʲôᷢ顣
˵ţī૵ҺǣҵĴҸ
˵Լʱ򣬳īϣɢ˿ȥҲ
үҵү㲻Ҫң㻹ңнҰһ£÷Ҳһõѣû뵽Ȼ˴ѡ
⾿ôˣ׷ʲô飿
һ֪һеôģɿųīĶ˵ģһ仰ʲڡ
ˣˣʲôʣʲôҲҪģҲȥ룬㣬òãһˮģ˫ۣųīĿ⣬оԼҲҪһˡ
պһͳīһʯͷϣԶȺɽ
ʱĳīƺҪ֮ǰ˲٣٣ϣơ
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Ժʲô㣿һ￴ųīʵ
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437 
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438 ˪
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439 
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440 
ʱۿžͱ֣һͨŮֱ֣ӳ֣Ҫɱȴû뵽ʵԤϵǿ󡣡˪̾ϢʱѾ꣬Ȼϣܸҹеˣʵࡣ
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ʱʹ飬˵Լһʱˡ˪̾ҵʱҲЩͬʱҲЩĻΪĲȱŮӡǣһͷŹҲܿ뿪ˡ
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441 ͷ
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ʱһһ˵ս֪ڣǴʣ¶پӣ
СĵĿһһ漴æͷ£ĻشӲû̫ʧеĳǷʧˣЩڡ
һ˵ͷҲ˵еڣ˭۸۸ģ԰ɣ
¶һ˿ɫ˵ȻĴģҪûҲ֤޻أ
һʱ򣬿һ۳ī
Ȼδһ𣬿Ĭڡ
īʱ˵սڣ㡭ΪĻڣҪ飬ֻһǿǣ


442 ɽ
΢΢һ漴ĵͷȻڵأĵĩ
ûٽְĿϲеģֻһĳȡ
ǷǳʱڵķǳֶΣīҲѾǳˡ
Ըӣʲôʲôͬʱоӵְ
ͷ·ģ£ĩˣ
ãȥɡīͷ
Գľӣīģүүһϵһϵһϵ㹻ģ̵ʱ䣬ǰƽ
ʵܼ򵥣Ψʵ
ɵֽԵµŮˣӲһиѹˡ׵ľˣʲôβ˵ģ
˵ľӣүүǵ£ʮҳϵģīǵҳ϶ȣҲкܴġ
ֻҪŵϢȥôһϴģ˶һˡ
ҪҪûˡ
Ը֮󣬳īֿ󹫼
󹫼һĿųīСӣȻ鲻ãҲү鷳үسȥأ
ʱȥҪǲԺҲȥˡī˵
вң
ǰ
ðӮˣҪүʲô󹫼ĽڲʵͲ֪Ķȥˣ˵͹򣬶ԥġ
дţȥģȥͷͨˣǻԸô˭һ߿ʵڲУɱīϣ¶һɰԵϢ
󹫼ؿ˳īһۣ¡ľСǱߣ
īͷһʱһʱվǸ͡
¸¸¸£үµģˣİɣүеǰ취ʰǡ󹫼ЦţһƵˡ
ƋOСĴյīߣӣأ
㣿һһ°Ұɣī̾Ϣ֮ǰ޵УҲɹˣ񡭡µĵӣҪǻܳɹĿȥˡ
ƋOͷİɹӣȻOܶ鶼Oѧģ
ī󣬿һһ˵Ʈ칬ҲҪ½ңһҪΪϣǿĶɣ
šһ
㲻īҡҡͷȻ˵ʲô³һɣУҲˣҪƮ칬ĵӣ磬Ϊ̬ҲҪƮ칬˽ΪǿɣңҪ硢ɽ硢磡һ죬һƮ칬֣Ϊһƣ
ޱȵγī°ѳī׽ˣɴ˿̣һȻһֳī˵ĸо
㣬ڣڿڳԣһ죬ףҲԡī˵ţȻ˵ˣڣҴȥһطһʲô
īһۻƋOҲһɣڵĳǡҲûʲôˡ
⻰˵ĳǣǧ֮⣬ֻûСܹͣ
Ҫָյķ֪ҪŬʵ֡
·Ҫȥġ
صյĳ֮󣬳īֱӲһͼķ󣬽ӡ
ⷨڻȻһ˽˵ȴѾǸܽǿˡ
һųīһھһ̣оԼǰһ·嶼һε
ţǰľɫһ䣬Լһ޴Ĺ㳡֮ϡ
㳡ľͷһߴĹ顰ۻĴ֡ĺ棬۴αȵһƬȺ
⡭ʲôطһһ𺳣ΪĸоΧؼǹǿ󵽼µķͲϵע롣
ʱѩȻӳܳһϲĿһһ㣬Ҳˣ
һ˷ɣˣѩֱӾͻָԭһĳƺ
ѩ㣬ôҲѩһȻܿģģȴ𾪡
𣿳ӵʱҲѿھѽѩһϲ˵ţͬʱСĿųīһֻС¹ײ
īϣûи飬ѩģһָм
Ů޷˵վһԼս֣꣬Լүү
˶飬Ҫġ
磬ǳīܸñˡ
ԪԪó㣬ҸоԼò˶þͻƣһﾪȵ˵
ѩͷǰһ㣬Ǹõطˣﻹλ㣬˺ܺأ
˵ţӳУ߳λƮȻɵŮӣʫͶŮ
Ѿվͽѩ֪һЩڳīϵ飬ˣԭīһСԹɢ
񿴼īŮУ֮ͬɫ
Ȼɥʧ˼䣬վڣңпָܻī


443 
ī˵ͷҸǽһ¡
һʱһѩƋOʫ֮䣬һ˽⡣
֪ƋOȻ˽һֻŽԪޣһ֮⣬ŮܳԾ벻һεεŮȻࡣؼǾȻûͨ˵黯࣬Ǿ缫ߣȻĻһ㻹ǻЩ
ȻҲΪʫͶʧȥ䣬ֽ;硣Ҳ㹻Ǹеˡ
ƋOԼȴҲԼԪ޵ݣԼĶλûаԼڸŮһĵλϣǽԼǳīŮ
ƋOǣΨԼ΢Żڲ֮أ
īϤ֮󣬾ֱʧˣҪȥҽ顣
Щ飬Ҫ֪𰸣Щ飬Ҫ֪
ǣֱ֮ǰһЩͷϣˮ飬һξۼ
һڻǵĽͷīͻȻһָ򣺻һзʵԻҲãҲգʵڸ߼Щ˵¡
ľʵ࣬Ӱ졣
̫ƽ£ô㷱֣̣ôһҹ֮䣬ͻ
Щ飬ʲôϵأīǣ¶һĨԳЦݣĵҲֻܿܿкƽһ飬ûʲôͬ粻ΪҾͱøʣҲΪûҾͱøƽ
ͷһīǵûиеʧ䣬һֻĳо
ϵ֮һ䣡
ֵϲ˶ʱӦԳī׷ײĿ
ʱĳīѾݳһİӣȻϵá
ʵԭģҲûܹϵˡ
īЩ˵ΧۣĬڽϣŻȥ
ոǿ˿ųīıӰ˵
ǿǺͻȻˣ˲²⣬Ǻܿ϶
ɣڻǵĽֵҲܶ򣿶ô𣿡Ҳ˱ʾɡ
ŵľۼأȱٱ̬飬ˣЩȻЩȣܿģҲˡ
ĸ˵֣ܹܾá
Ҫ̫Լ£
⣬ǳīĶ
ûпԼȴԼֿͨ͸˼֡
󣬳īһѪķ䣬Ȼ顣
һӰ˲ڳīǰǺܾòĽ顣
īУ¶һĨο֮ɫҲƺ֪ʲôûп˵ֻǾųī
ҵ飬֪𣿡īҲûйĨǣżɽʵ
ָǣ˵鿴ųīĹâ
īͷͬʱЩڴĿŽ顣
˵Ѿǳīڽһϣ
֮ǰֻ֮ǳĬûгױΪīУԽһֱڴ
Ͼôǿ
а취أ
̾Ϣһܸ
ʲôīʶģһ䡣
˵ܸظһΡ
ī̧ͷŽЦȴԼǶ޷ǣŬ˰죬ʵǻֻ˵𣿡
ֻأ飬˭˵׼ƺֻЩмЩܡ
Ϊʲôīִţʵϣ˵ܸ仰ʱ򣬳īĴԡѾһƬհˡ
ʲôΪʲôֻ飬ؼ˭˵Լ˵鵭˵˵ȻֻأΣֻ֮ҲңΣ
ֻ֮ҲҡΣī棬׽仰ϣûһ˿Ѫɫ
鿴Щ̣ΣǳɳĴۣ
ھֲʹܻ֮ѸٵĳɳҲԼ
ѵûһ취𣿡īУûˮҲûϣеģֻƽޱȵ⡣
κ鶼ǾԵġԥ˺ܾã̾Ϣһųī˫ƽ˵
Ǿ˵а취ģ𣿡ī׷ʡ
֪ǵʱڻͻȻ٣ңȻֵǸ˭ļдڻı֣ȴֵֶܷΡ̾ϢһȻ˵ԷֶΣΪ̣ʹõġʮа˾ǻѪ󷨡
Ѫ󷨣īŨŨѪȣԼ˿ڵʧ
ԣһʮ̵ֲħֶΣʿʹԵĹаֹҲ࣬붼ǳѾõħͷаħͷȥҲô鵭˵ţȻųīҪЩˣûκϣȰ㣬Ƿɡ


444 ټ
ôīɫȥȻƽֹֻһ䣬Ȼ˵һԶĽᣬⱲҶԭԼ
ī˵ţ̧ͷŽ飺ո˵ǣûκϣǾǣϣģҡ
ī΢΢ۣһ˵Ҫ
ðɡ̾Ϣһīżָ֮ɫ꣬һˣҲ˵һ仰ǰƽ°صӿɽϣͻȻ¶һ˿Ц⡣
񣡡˵֡
ʲôīһĪ
ûʲôĿ⣬䵽īϣ˵ǵˣҲǵĲҡ
˵ţһ֣ⷿУӰ˲ڳīǰ
ī󾪣
үү޵УˮС差־Զ÷һڣ١󷢡ߴɵ̫ࡢ̨ξк񣬻ػԼƮ칬ССһ¡һˣȫ˳īǰ
󣬳īڽһһֵӰһ۾ϳ
Щˣ͸ͬһӰӣվڷУȲ˵ҲܶӰֵģƺʱܻɢ
⡭ô£ī˲£ôãҲס
һϤӰһϤףȴȫκνī絶ʣ顣
ǵʱûн磬ôǻ᳹׵ɢʧ䡣˵ȻǺܲҵһ£ΪζţǻɢκδڹĺۼᱻĨȥȴҲûκʹġܶ˯УȥҲУĻһΡôһ˲䣬㡣
īҡҡͷʾ⣬ɢˣ̸ʲô㣿
Ҳûָīھ˵ȺѣǵʱȫڻУǵȫ䣬ҲˣǵͻȻѵʱ򣬻Ѫ󷨵˺ǵ꣬Ҫǵ
īڻΣĸоһ̣ǳʹġ걻˺ֻʹࡣ
˵ʱҸӦǹаֱӳָԤǵ꣬˻СΪ֪ǲһ죬϶ҡ
īЦְæʸء
˵ꡣ鿴ųīңʸ񡣡
īĬ
˵ҽǵڻУԷֶ̫аѾ˺ǵһꡭ
Ҳ˵ǻʧȥ䣿īʫͶԸ߼ֶΣµ⡣
ʧȥ䡣ȴҡҡͷںܳܳһʱȴҪһֱ걻˺ѵʹ࣡
걻˺ѣīüͷŽ顣
ǵûܵ˺ôͱȽϼˣҿֱӽǵӡһ졭ӵˣֱӿԸǣ鿴ųīǡҲ˯һһһ꣬˵ûġ
īͷ
˵ڡû취ӡǵ꣬Ϊǵһַӡͻգпܡ᳹׵ǻɢ
Ҫīʱ˵
ԣҲ˵˵˵˻ǲҡ̾ϢһôڿݼУ꣬Ҳֵõģ㲻һôǾ͵ԶΣҲûоͷ
īʱһҲ˷гĬ
ǰǻ糹ȥ
ǧĵȴ֮󣬷Զûгͷ֮գţĲˡ
⡭鿴ųī˵ǸһָǸոսһ˲䣬ϮģԡҪӸһЩ
а취𣿡īŽʵ
ͷһ취Уһַ󣬿꣬귨ô״̬µ飬ܵ󣬱øǿҲ˵꣬һ޸޸֮Ƕ걻˺ѵĸоǶκ飬ûи֪ġҡ귨ļΪ޴󣡡
ܶҶԸ⸶ī˵ڣȱǮ
˵ţīһ֣ļƷ쾧ʯǰѳһСɽ
Ŀһ۳ī̶ʱ䣬ܻ˲Ƹȷס˵ţ룺ţЩƷ쾧ʯӦǿ֧ŰˣԳ޸ǵꡣ
롭ꣿīĿɿڴĿŽ飬ȻֶЩ£ָŵ϶ѻɽļƷ쾧ʯǼƷİ
֪鵭˵ҪǼƷģôһѣܼһ¾Ͳˡ
īǾҵĳ鴤˰죬󣬲һðɣûϵҿ׬


445 귨
귨󣬰ʱ䣬㹻λ곹׻ָˣҲ˵õƽ˵
귨һֱάȥǻ᲻ᡭһЩīС̽ʵ
ֹǸһЩǸһЩ귨ôԵֲֿأ˵ţɫųīǧҪʼά귨вͨģ
ΪʲôīŽ飬֪ܣĵ߱졢ͻ¯ȻҲ֪˵Ƕ£
ָĵҩ鵤ú鵤õĿʦ׬Ǯ飬Ա˵ѣ˵ȴʲô⡣
˵ϻдĵҩЩҩóȥÿһţҲܻȡĲƸ
ã鵤ãҲһȶ־޶롣
˵귨ĺôƽĿųīһһµ˵
īͷ
ȣĺôӹɣѣޱǿ󣬶ңһֱ귨еõĻʵָʶԸ㽻
̫ˣīһϲ
˵̫磬ⲻǲ⡣ˮȣ귨ģô򵥣֪Ҫȡ޶ĲƸѡʱѾһʿ磬ôҲ˵ʲôɵΪҲǿԡ
ī̧ͷŽ飺˼ǣҲϵľȡ޶ƸȴûԵģпܻᱻ˶ϣ
пܣһᱻ˶ϣ鿴˳īһֻۣҪ̤һͻ硢ɽʿƴ۵Ѱ㣡ŰϡʱҲᵽǶĸͣ
īһ𣿡
ĵճӵܣҲǧٿ鼫Ʒ쾧ʯѾǾ޸ˡ鿴ųīСӣһְҶһм飡˵ڲڣ
ҲƲ¶ײˣī
̲סһۣƲ¶׾ˣ˾Ͳ˵㵱鵤еЩˡǵ֮
īǳ˳飬⣬ǱⲻˣΪֵĴǮƣ϶ȫͨ鵤׵ġҪס鵤õЩˣҲʵ
귨ǵ̲꣬Ǹ곹޸ʵҲ㹻ˡʣµʱ䣬ÿ꣬귨ǵһΣͿԱ֤ûκʹࡣ
Ҫһֱά귨أֻΣīʵ
㻹ǹִ鿴һ۳ī
֪Ǵ𰸣ۡ
һֱά귨УôǵһֱڱչĿһ۳īǡ
ʲôīʵ
ȥʮ꣬Щѣǵ꣬ͻ᳹ױ飡Ҫ˵ĵڶ¡鿴ųī˵ҲΪʲôֹһֱ귨һԭΪΪ飬Ǿͻ᳹׷гһգܹ߾磬Ҳתʵ塣Ǹ֮䣬Ͳͬһ塣ңԶҪпö࣬һ򵥵Ļ˵ɱǿԼܷߵһĺ˵
īζûܻع
飬壬˵ġŰ壬ϵ壬ʮ꾡Ľܡ
һ壬˽Уһ֣ǡ
ûʵ壬ֻꡣ
ͨǿǴڵģΨΪﵽһ̶ȵʿʶǡ
ͨ飬ʿ˵ûκвʵͨ˵Ӱ죬ҲΪޡȻĻ޷
һΪ飬ûôˣȣӵиһļ̣Σӵ˲߱ơ
˵ԴԽϰ˵ƮٶȣҪԶʤ¾ٱ˵ǵľͨҪͬʿֹ߳һ
Ҫģûʵ壬һѰֶΣ˶
˵һ壬ʿĿУǷǳԸǵһ塣ͬڻУҲʮǿΪ飬ûʵ壬֮顭
˵ܹΪ飬ǻһ顣
ֶֻΣģ˵ɱ顭ûκĴɱ¾
Ը
īһһеףȻ˵¡һ治
ԣҵ˼ǣΪԼΪǣ㣬һֱά귨󡣡ĳ˵
ī̾ϢһҲһֱڻججСԼʲô֪
ʵһַ


446 ʮѪ
ԥһ£˵˳ɽУһϵţΪţܽǵ͵ȥôǧ꣬ǶеįҲجֻоꡣǵԽԽǿȴữ顣гһգǣǵľ磬ҲڸǸţûô׽еĴУҲԸȥǡǣȥˣҪޡ
䡭ȻֵطīԾȴ۸ĴۣһҪǽ뵽ɽǸȥ
˵磬ûô򵥣Ƿ硭ͬҲпõ֮أ
𣿡īʵ
֪Ķ治١ͷǸطǵһǣ䵽˽硣ңһǣȻʿҲܹȥ
Ϊƹôīʵ
ƹ䣬ʮµˣԽ롣ͷ
ʮµʿﵽ޽ɵġӦúܶɣ
ʮ£ǿģдﵽɾģ˵
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ǿ޹أǻԵ鿴һ۳īȡ֮ˮḶ́ú𣿡
ī룬ЦȻ˺ܶ飬ܵ˵Ĳѡ֪ʲô֮ˮͳ˲Ŀռ䵱С
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ҺлԵ
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Ϊʲô
ΪϵĲ
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УҪ鿴ųīɼˣ޸κεĹд˵ǴĻ
īͷЩ˵󹫼ģһģһ
˵ݴγڻãã棬ʱһģʵʮѪ¡
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⡢ܻա졢ءն硢һһһ٣˵ţʮѪµ֣ÿһ֣Ѫµ֮һֱ˶ޱǿ󣬱ɵ飬׾پɣ˵ùȴ桭ԭ򣬾ΪĲ֮ϣǶš⡯Ѫ£
īһ𺳣˼ˡɲô⡭ԼЩ꣬ƺĺ⡣ԼϣСܻǿѪµĻ᲻ܿⳡüٵֻīţ뵽һ⡣
ˣΪʲôҽ磬ҵȴû棿īŽ飬һʵһΣܹһ٣Ϊ£
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鿴һ۳ī˵Ϊ磬Īϵ˵ڵġԣѪӡڻһģͲ꣬
ǡڻôΡīǳ鴤⡣
ǻĹ򡣡ЦЦЩ飬ʵ롣˵ţ鿴ųī㻹̫ᣬܶ飬֪ʱȻͻ֪
ҵĲϣӡŵöѪ£ʵ⣬˺˳𣿡ī̾˿
ȻҲҪϲУڱϣܷӳ֮һͲˡϣȴԷӳٷ֮ٵң㾳ӵֻԽԽǿȻĻƾʲôܹʮ֮أ˵
īĿԼеĲĺȻܡͷɻδ٣ΪʲôҪϲУ
⣬Ժסϵīʱһģ
īҲ֪鲻ش⣬ԲֱʵȻôΪʲôˣὫʧʱĲʮѪ¼ӳ𣿡
̸ʧһµսû⣬սˡ˵ǶʷȻƽ¡ȴǳ
𡭡սˣīϣҲ֮ɫսսǺε׳
ժ׽£ڷ˿ǲʵֵĻ룬ǰȴ׾ٵİ쵽
ʮǳһӹڲϣҲǲܵ顣
ӵдǳ
ǵģս䡣⻰⣬ҲЩأûгԡ֪īʮѪ£ȻǵвλҲûȫҵ
ʱĲϣֻǰѪӡǣҲرϡܷӳȻĻλҲ䡣


447 
Ѫ£ն͹һȻҲҵ鿴ųī˵гһգΪֽʮѪ¼룬ôתǬߵѣֻһ֮䡣
ֻǳΪ𡭡УīѾǸ¶꣬һʿҪΪѶȣһҪժ׽ף
мѭȴ·
¼ʿףīôܹ⣿
ҪЩԼ׽ˣΪ𡭡ҪʮѪ¡òˣܹ
찡㲻Ұɣ
īȻһּΪìܵľء
һ棬ʮ㣬ѣҲһҪ£һ棬ȴǼȵĻ䣬Լûκϣеκһ
һ̣·ԼڷóīҪĸо
Ȼһȡ
ī΢΢һȻѹһͷϣ亹
ոһ˲䣬һ㣬߻ħٲء
ն̾Ϣһ˵Ҫ£ȷǧѣܻٲܹϣģľԼûϣĪھȥˣ١ǵõѡ
īһãȻᶨֻҪһϣҶ
ͷֱóīѻڵϵļƷ쾧ʯֱӲһ귨
Ȼ󣬽īЩѵ꣬ȫУ󣬽ⷨһ棬ݸīպˣԺÿ꣬һ귨гһսɽ磬ܽ뵽ôҲ귨ˡ
īһЩ˵Ӱ񣬽ǵģԿԼȻĿǣһ뵽ǿ档
󣬵ϵ쾧ʯҲȫ뵽ǿӵС
סˣԺÿ꣬Ҫô༫Ʒ쾧ʯӵȥ£Ҳ¶һ˿ɫȻ귨󣬾ʲô˶ܲµġ
ִѾˣˣīֻĵͷ֣صĽӽӹȻ뵽Ŀռ䵱УǿС档
ĿռѾܴˣе컯֮Ȼ޷ֳΪƬռ֮ˮĴڣеˮҲֱӱı䣬컯֮ҲûԾ˺ܶࡣ
֮⣬һƬƬŵĴء
ī΢΢һ뵽ӦÿЩֲЩмֵҩģ
պֱЩҩǳҩġϱ˴ΣҪ滮ԼҪߵÿһС
󣬴ӲĿռ˳
ȥԪأԸıĲռ䣬ΪһС磬ҲΪеĿһ۳īˣȥɡ
īͷȻŽʩһת뿪
鳤̾Ϣһ䣬ͷ·ҪƬգ޾δ֪ĵط
ĳ֮أһ޴ޱȵĶУһ߰Скƨ˯
ͻȻ䣬һſоȻǳľ󣬿ȥʮֺˣ
ʲôˣ͵ħң𣿡Ск۵ȥķǳɰһ죬ȴޱȲϵҹǻֵ
һץߵǰѵϵѪȻվ
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У۾˲ϣ૵Ȼû
īӰʱѾ˳С
ҲûʽԼĳ˵˭Ȼ˵ԷʹõĹǻѪ󷨣ôֻҪ˳ֹȥܲ鵽Է
˵Էǳģ
īԤУԼһ죬˶ϡ
ڽ̫˼ڳϣ罫˼Ѱ֮ϡ
һصһѩǶ
ƋOҲڵһʱ֣˲赹ˮŮ֡
ʫǲӰȫŬ
ʧȥ˼ĿŮīҲͬŬĺܣȫһڶ
ī硭ѩī¶һЦݣﻹݡ
ѩл޷īѩĴмģ˵Ϊѩĵλʵۣ¾Ͳλ̫ϻôˡ
һ￴ųī̾һĵԼܵܣʵ㣬ڲ֪䣬ŮΪݡ
ѩǲ˼˵ӣһ̾Ϣѩ˵ǵҪǣͬɹѹءѩ˵ǱߣЩ׵ˣҲӦȫܵżȻĪЩǨ
ţī΢΢һüһѩ


448 ʹ
ѩСĵĽ͵Ǹᣬûб뷨ʵڵȫѹȺȫκ·ϵ˼
һͷ˵Ҳôģǣôһ٣ҪȻ˿ڣºˡҪӳ½ĳת˿ڣҲûôסĪӴǱЩ˹ľӦҲġ
īͷ鲻⣬ʲôϵȻѩ˵ˣǾôˣ
ѩʱһĨʣһġ
ѩ뿪ɡСǱߣīȫվѩС̡
ѩ΢΢һЦûϵ졭һߺСֱ̾ӱչˣڵķɣڹܡ
īǳ˳飬˵ǸˣǱһҪΪԼ𣿲īŲں
ȻǾͶлˣī¶һЦݣ鷳㣡
ҪôңȵģЩӦõģӦõģѩ˵
󣬳īһͻƋOֱ뿪˻磬ص˳С
ӣѩͨ
˵߷飬ȻҡȫǨ
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һֱһǵĳǣԳ֮ڻָһ˿
ףѩ̿ѡ
ͷͨʱѡ񣬳ī˸жǸж
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˵֮ǰ֪ͨˣΪʲôҪһ˸߿
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449 
һЩĿһǰˣҲ֪īŴᣬԸŴῪʼ֮ǰ͵ǰͨʹߡӣº͵˵Ǳ߻кܶҪæϵϣġ
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飡
ܿ壬ֱӽשǽײ飬ݺˤ档
ţûع͸оԼһα߷ɣڰУͱ˲֪ٽš
ǰܸоҵʹϴɺܿ죬͸оˡ
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һ˰죬Ųµ˵ǣŹŴʹߣŴ϶Ź㡣
ôŮ˿д
ѣܿЩȫû뵽һεεŮˣȻӵ˿µʵȻɵӣ޻֮
ͳȫ㣡һȵһɱ˲ӡ


450 ô
񡭡ңǧԶҡܿʱֵĺ첻塣
óһһĿܿΪīŴӣī̫࣬ܿ㲻ɱҲϵ
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ͬʱһĿУ˳ݣ
СС֪꣬ηΪУŴҪʲô֪ʹһٱ
ˣȥţ͸¡һСкͷЦ˵
Ск۾һӦһӹŷɿˡ
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һһĲֻ꣬˼ʱ䣬ͳΪ½ϵһ֮ңһʵҲǳ뻯ɶǣ
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ӻ߶µͳҩȥ֮󣬵ϢһᡣȻŵһ̯˵Ѫ׵ݣܿԼһĴʹ
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īŵʱѾˣŷ棬װһݾ뺯һš
ϵֲ࣬˼īμŴᡣ޳īΪ˵İơ
īˣŵݸһ㿴
һ￴֮΢΢üͷǱ߲֪϶ȥȴڣôƺЩ飿
īͷЦ󹫼֮ǰ͸˵ĴɣſûʲôģôҲҪȥġ
Ǹŵģҽѵһ١һｫ֮ǰ˵һ顣
īЦЦ֣ô򡣡


451 չ
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ȻһЩľٶЩ飬վûгΪʵһҲȥ׷̫ࡣϾ꣬ѩڶγ֣ԤĻңҲĬġ
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˾ԪӳɣϳīϤĽ̵㶼С
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īͷߵĿһ۷ͨҵĴ˧ΪǴܲµģҪԴô
ͨһ죬ڨڨĵҲܣŪһҺһЩ߼ʹã˾Եʵʱ򣬾еĸˣҲһƸǳȥ
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Ϸϣ£޷˵ĳ壬ֻ֧飬㹻īúܴȥˡ
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ˣһЩƶ֮صˣۼԼǧ˿ڣȫ͸˳ī
ǻ˳īе顣
ƶ񣬵˿ھǲƸ磬ǧ˿ڣһʾ˵ĲƸˡ
ľֶȷʵǿ̫࣬˾ٲ˳ī飬˴ĵĸǸǧ˿һ¸Ļᣡ
ϾعϡĳҪȴĶ̫Ļˡ
ŴԽԽߵķչҲڰͰĽš
ڣ˳īҪӡ


452 и
⣬ʮﳤͤ
īǰͱԼһȺˣһȭ˧ϣͽλˣ
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ˣȻĻֻдˣͨ૵
𼸶âܿϨЦЦ˵ûôء

ʱ˿̣īŮѾǧ֮⣡
ƋO۷徳飬ڻôãʵѾﵽ˶ɽٵˮ׼ȴһֱѹš
һī˵֮ҪҪΪ׼Ĳϣһ棬īҲ˵ˣڵľĻ޷ﵽ뺻ʵС
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ףһſΪʲô³ǵĹ곤ϣܿ˸ͻ
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һʮ겻ˣȻôǿ󣬿ݵλǰŵġһɵĳϣϿҵǸóƽȵЩֵ̬Դ
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459 ǽ
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Լ谮ŮˣƾʲôҪڱǰ
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һЦҡҡͷľҪѩö࣬Щ飬ѾѩϸС֣Ц˵ǽ


460 СѾ
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ƋOҡͷҲЩһСʱǿĴڣҪɱǸʱҲ룬ҵʲôطǵˣҼûռǵأҲûиԴǿҵʱûɣҪɱҡ
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ھ˺ܶΣ֮һƋOЩҪɱңӦǺǿ֮󣬻ȥɱǰɡ
⣬ʲôɣѩĿɿڴ
ƋOһ˵Ԫ޵ķʵķҪ򵥺ܶ࣬ǿʳԺܶ飬ûɵģҲҪɡҸո˵ģҲǺǿ֮ɡ
ѩǳ˳飬ȻһأƮ칬˭˭ˣ
һЦ֪ôĹȥϣˣּñ˷չĺõӡ
īʱ򣬵˵ʵ֮Ҳһ仰ЦޣҺã
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ѩʱƺЩˣ૵Ϊ츳׿ΪһǿߵʦΪδпܻᳬԽǣվͷϣ¡̲ˣδв𣿡
īͷеˡ
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СѾٶȼֱԺӵļɽ棬Ȼ¶һԴС⿴
īˣʱһ


461 ƴ
һѮңһͨŮӣĳķ򣬸СѾԼīγһǣŮӵķǿСѾġ
ǱߵĻСѾͷԵĿųīϳųīɫһͬ˿ǵļ۵ϣֺõЦݡ
īǳ˳飬˵ﻹ治Լ˰
ʱŮѾ߹Ҳ֪СѾȳųī¶һǸЦݣСŮӣλ鷳ˣͰߡ
СѾʱѾ㵽ɽȥˣѩֹԱ͵Ůֱǣ˵㵱ͨˣһȺǰèèó
īЦҡҡͷҲûУͦ˼ġ
￴һ۳īЩ⣬һɵı飺ǵһô˵ģĪϲǸӵѾͷ
īʱЩΣ˵ôģԼŮ޲ȥһ
ȿȣϲǾãСͦģī͵
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īĿɿڴ
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462 ʢῪ
Ϊòһʱ䣬ҾͿԶɽٷˡƋOЦ˵ʱΪƭ˭룬ȻҵĻԣҵʱΪ˶ɽ٣˺ܶ׼һرصĵطٵлҪܶ࣬ûɧŵĻҿ϶Զɹ
߳ˣһü䣬¶ɷƽ޵ģֱ˵İࡣ
ǰؼʱҳ֣ҵˣòʩչѣǰ׼ûбǸһҵ˺ܶ꣬ڣҪɽٵʱ׼ƋOЩĵ˵û뵽ǸһﵱʱʵȻѾôǿˣҪӣҿ»Ҫʮܳ׻ָ
ƋOʵͦ򵥵ģҲʶĳīȴЩеĸоƋOһԪ޵Ĳ֮ͬ
˽оľŽԪޣȻԻΣͨ˵ҲǶЩȱݵġңǻ֮󣬹ֶκ϶籾壬Ҫɡ
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ŴĻ᳡һ޴¶㳡ϣ㳡Уһ̨ȫԲν͵λ
ʱ򣬾ֳλˡ
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³ǡһ⡢ĸɣֱռĸ
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ĸɵĺ棬Ǹ½ɡ
½ߣȻ֮ռݣͬ½ķɺ档
ߣӵĳϣЩĵǣǵһβμֹģʢᣬԵöЩ˷ܡӣ̲ס緢Σһٵģ
Ĵеһȸ½ģǴ뵽ȸ½ϵĶԹȥǸ߸ϣͬλƶˡȸ½ϵɣһֻоηȴûи˽⡣
԰׻½Ĺ³ǱߣжɢŵûпΪ֮ȴͬһյƣʮҫۡ
ͬ׻½ɵͨɣ³ϴ˿̰΢Ц·ǰȫûзһ㡣
Ǳߣûг֣ӵģͬǼϡѩĸ˪ͬҲûһĵӣĺܶ࣬ȫһɫļƷŮ
ڿһѩʱȺƯŮȫ¶Цݣ׷ŮкԳīûʲôɫˡ


463 Ĵ
һ㣬Ǻܳ׵ı˷ŵӡ
īԴˣҲ⣬һѩԼƋOŮֱҵƮ칬λá
ڳĺ档
˵мĸ̨Ҳ൱ġ
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󹫼Ȼû¶棬ֳϣʲôҲûУҲԸμӵġ
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⻹˵ؼ˼ʦ֮󣬳߾Ȼûһسӣúܶ೤ĵӣһλԼɵʵ
Ʈ칬ҡڵĳŴϣλþǳĺ棬ЩĵǣȴһԽжûУ涼Щ̤ʵ
ļӳϣȻҲоˡȺϼһʲôûһװȴЦһοȥƮ칬ӣʵϣȴǱڻ˿ôɣǿƣܻпǲ˳۵ġ
飬ĲҪ̫
˵һŴΪĴɵĲ룬˺ܶ飬ͬ̽桭˵ĺ̲صΣȴúܶϼһǶƮ칬ߣ룬϶ܻýʱڹУǾõڻң
Щĳ쳤ǣһ㶼Ʈ칬ڵĵλжߡò˶ãǾͻɢʧʷС
ǱߵˣҲ࣬һ˶ʮˣ߰˸ϱ
īҲǵһοҪһ޸Ǹˡ
ȷӵһƤңʮӢ
㣬Ǹ˾ɣѩһԸһҧŶ䣺һǸĴܲ
һһЦûʲôϵ
ǱߵƺҲоעӣĿӹˣֱͶƮ칬ߡ
Ϊÿһɣһģױϡ
Ŀ⣬䵽һѩŮϣ¶һĨޣ΢΢һЦ㽫ĿƿԵúò
Ѿ֪˵ĵϸ»ĺױƭ
棬ͬ½Ķɣ죬٣ϰˡƺҲ½ֺȥĮĮģһģ
һ٣һֻˣ
СѾһӵˣһһڣˣһһӣһʮá
һλãһΪԪɵռݡ
Ԫɣȸ½ϣԺգλȴߡ
ƺһ˷ǳ׽Ҳһַ񡣼ٲ뵽Թȥ
ˣŴĸ߶ȫ
Ʈ칬֣λڵݶӵɣжʮҡ
󣬾Ը½ЩСɣͺܶˡ
ʱ̨֮ϣɵ죬ʢװһϲɫվ죬ңܳΪŴĶڴ˻ӭλĵ
΢һ£ĴҪӭǣվߴĴɣǷֱǹ³ǡ
ϴ΢Цͷվ͹³ǵЩһ𣬳ܻӻ֡
ֳʱһ󻶺
Ĵɵͷʵ̫ˣ
ʸ֪Ǵڵˣĸηǣ
ţֵһ
īһǱߵˣȫվСѾ˿̣ûдĲĻǻһȹ
ȿȣҲ
˵ûеīһĴƷζȫһȵĻ
Ҫ۴ԣһ˿
д˵һ䣬ýɣ
Ȼ˵õ˵Ͽɡ
СѾƤĳųīըգۣܶ࿴ˣȫʶƮ칬ߡ
Ʈ칬ֵʱ򣬲˶鲻Խķһ͵͵ľ
벻ǻμӰ
һ͵ȸ½ɣȻеӳ֪˵ǲ֪ʣ˵ɼκʡ
̨ϵȻҲһĻһݣǱĴӵɣһӶǹϵôá
ţִ˵⣡
ǱߵĿʿͻڿʿн»ȫվܴк
ɽХĻһֱɣ΢ֹͣ
ţ֣صĽһͨɡԪɡͳĸɡȻǴɺɽš
ΪÿһŴᣬĸɣϵɣߡ
Щ֮ЩɣûڶᣬΪʵ̫ˡһȥʱʱ䶼δعЩɵġ
Ҳûʲô


464 ̨ս
Ҫ֮㹰̨ȻһɵĳϣϣŴĿĻʽ
ҪһЩݣ߼ȫɵĵӣϱȽЩ輧׷ǰա
ƋOЩʧСֹŴ᣿
һһ˵ʢῪһЩݣ
ĵĻԸܵĵġǸ軹裬ܾʡ
μŴˣҲʲôһζš
ݴԼʱڽ
ֵĳٴε̨˵˼׻֮Ͽʼ죬бŴĿսľС
ͬʱ㳡ϣŴļУˣԽԼõղóԼǵı
ŴȻǸ߸ϵ֮飬ƽȻԵʹáֻһҩҪƽϵļ۸еͨ˿Ǹ޷ܵġ
սһеģȱԡͬһΡ
ίȻĴɺͳЩɵĸ߲Ρ
ѩȥμıԣҪ֤һԼʵ
һͻƋO׼ͳīһ𣬲μսЩ˵ʵ뵽Ȧûʲô⡣
ҪΪ˸Ʈ칬Щ츳˼룻ͬʱҲҪȡ
εɣй̶ģĴɵĵӣ˵Ʈ칬ԼƮ칬²εЩˣҪ棬Ҫƾ汾ȡˡ
ȻȥڻңҲ˭Ǹʸġ
ľϯϣûֳʲôǷǣҵȫԵĳϼҪսҪսȥ̨ϽҪоա
ǣգʮֺгСѾûܵī
˵ڶ죬ѩʱīǷֿȥǱ߱ȥˡ
īһͻƋOս߱
ˣƮ칬īԼࡣ
Ǳ߸ˣҲ࿴˼˵еῡ壬˾óī̫Ӣ֮⣬ûڳīϷ̫صĵط
βμսģһǧˡ
ȥƺͦ࣬ʵϣɢĸ½һ񵺣֣Ҳʲôˡ
˵ȻԶֹ֣ҪıģٶǻƼʯ֮ϵˣûǸ磬ȥҲǶۡ
ī鵽ĺƣһʮȽϿǰ
һ鵽ĺƣһǧٶʮߣ̨㹻࣬ŵҲҪˡ
ƋO鵽ģʮţܼӦֵ
Ϊսһ׼˶ʮ̨
ÿһ̨ǶʮɷԲڸ߼˵󣬵ҲСˡ̨棬Ǵˡ
̨ܣûλۿÿһ̨֮ľ룬Լʮɡ
Զ˴˼䶼ܿԷ
վ̨ϵĸɵӣȫעԼĶ֣ûжֳܷ˼ȥ۲ˡ
֣ܿѾȷõʸˣŻȽеĵҹ䡣
ʵҲҹ䣬ܿҪλı£Ĵɹͬע
ҲǲνʶʱΪܣܿʵͦʶʱġֻٻЩʣҲмֻɣվЩţСôĳīĻô
Ҫ֪īĺһ㶼ѣǰѾˡ
Ǳ߳īճ룬ܿѾ֪ˡǣڼͬŵ֮£ܿĵ˵ʮ̨
ᣬīһɵĵӣ̨Ͽս
īûע⵽ܿʮ̨֮󣬾Ϳʼۿս
ڱƴӡ
ɵǣ˵еһˣīʶ
½ϣһڵĶף
궫׻īһԪʯʱ򣬶ԴûԪʯĳī˵һԪʯļֵԹġ
Ǵ֮󣬳īû׵Ϣ䶡Щ⡣
ʱĶףһʵѾﵽ˻ƼĽʯ֮۷塣
䣬ﵽ־磬Ҳ㲻ˡ
ϧǣ׵Ķ֣һƼ߲ľߡ
˫̨ϣʮغ֮󣬱СȻ׼ҪԼƣھѹ֮£ȫûзĻᣬۿžҪܡ
īĿ׵ϣ¶һĨԳı飬ЩȻвЩ꣬ڲԭϵһμʱǺεȵ緢졭Ҳ
ֻ˵̫࣬ǿơǿǿ֣
߶ּ˼֮ڳŲסҪʾԼʱòĶ֣Ȼͻɱ֣һ򶫷׵ʺ
ٸΧ۵˵;ˣ̲סһЩŮӣ̲ס۾뿴ѪߵһĻ
̨Ҳɵˣֹ
׵Ķϣ¶һĨЦ


465 
˵Ŵ̨ϣҶǩ״ģϾۣܵ˵һ㻹ǻֵġޣҪô˫ƾУû취֣пش
һʵѹԷģϾɱġ
Ȼܴ󣬵ô
ܶԱնɱͷȥҲ˶²ġ
һ̨ϵս˫ȽϿơ
ǵһıٻֱҪġ
Ҳû뵽ԷȻ˺ȸ½ڴ֮ǰȫʶ̸ʲôԹ
㡭ޱȷŭȴҲֻü˵һ㡱ԷǰѷĳѾ̵ĺǰ
оǹɴ̹ǵĺͱɱ
ˣ
ͷ׼
ţ͸оԼһᣬǷһ
һɲǣִΪԼˣء
ֱܷǾͽкõŻعȻ󣬾Ϳһ΢ЩϤǰ
֣Υˡ
㣬ǡԭꣿЩ£Ȼڳ׻ع˵ǳīû뵽㣡
īЦЦ˵ҡ
һ꣬û뵽Ѿɳֵز֮ǰں˵һЩš׵УԴžϲȻ뵽лոաлˣȻĻ
ʲôطҰҵ飿̨ϣǸòļһһŭ
˺ѣһĴ˶׵Ļ
ī̧ͷһ̨òˣһȸ½һɡ
ȸ½īһʱˣȸ½ϣ˲ǰλ˵һԱ
ѾӮˣ˴ˣָûʲôޣΪʲôҪɱ֣īüͷ˵
Χ۵ҲȫͷͬīĻ
˭̨֪λͲīӣĸУ£˵ţת̨٣ƾ׸Ԥ̨򣬰ŴĹأӦδ
⡭̨ɵˣ˿̲ס氵̫費ҪˣбֱսƤ߸ʲô
ôҪƫ̻ʵ
̨ٵһݣҪƫ̻ɣһصĴ
ҡͷΪ̨٣ƫ̻
˵˸̨򣬸õ̨Ц˵īĿһĨ⡣
īüףɱףȻǳԼģ
һͷǣʶң
ʱ̨һǸĿųį̄ߣȡԷսʸ񡭡
ǺãͰսʸȡ˰ɡ̨¶Цݡ
Ŀģ
˵д޾ΣνһȻ֮ͣΪȡһȥƴ
ֻҪǶԼĵῡܣͼûв̽ģ
ԣҪܽīƣī϶ޱʧͷŭ
̨ˣǵ׷ɱīĻ˨ţĵӣͬʱ˨ţĶӻཻĪ档
Ȼ˨ţͻ骶Ѿ˺ü꣬ǵѣȴûǳޡ
īһ۾ϳкⱬҪնɱͬ½Ķףһ˵Ȼôһīֵ˼ȴû뵽īȻĳְѶ׸ˡ¶ʱҵ˽ڣޱȵ⡣
̨ٶͷϣʱð亹ǰҪǱˣȡҲȡˣҲǴɣִĵûС
ǳī
ΪɵĵӣȻɶԳīӡ
ǰͨȥƮ칬飬Ҳ÷зͨӲ˺ôһû
Ҫѳīʸȡָǳӡ
̨٣Щ޴
ʱ̨һϡһֽʽ
˷׷׿˵ˣţ˵̨һȭܿ
̨ٶʱ˿ԲԼͷˣȻϵܿͨϵİͽ
̨ȸ½俴ܿǿһʲôʽôû˵
ܿɫģЦǺǵ˵̨򣬿ȡʸ񣬲ҲһսȨӮˣ¾ʹգ
أɵôû˵
ǰôû˵أܹӲҪƫ̻ɣ
Ǻǣ˵ǰЩɵˣƫ̻Ʈ칬ء
˵Щˣȸ½ߣ̨λġ
ܿŲæĵȴ£ȻҺ˵˵ŵĻǻͷ֤˵ѣȡҽʸ񡣡˵ţܿ˵Ѿõʸɵճݵ
£ɵˣȫ͡
Ȼ󣬽Ŀ⣬е˳īϡ


466 һȭɱ
īЩĿһܿû뵽ʱһﾹȻվԼ˵Ȳ˵Ƿأܿڴʱվ͵ͦˡܳīһ㶼ûں̨λܿЩмġ
ܿⲻȥīװʶӣĿ̨λ
Ǳ̨ȴĺܣ˵λСүҲҺ˵˵ҾȻԼʸɵΪ±顭ôģ
ܿڳԱ£֪˲࣬Ҳûдˣλ̨ٻΪܿ˽īĹϵܺء
̨λҲסˣû뵽ɵմӻͦī
ѾʤˣԽһ֣׷ȥ׼һֵıҪ׷£ôԷսӮˣôɾʧȥսȥʸˡܿƽĿ̨ˣˡ

ս
һСĹ𣿡
£Զ벻ţͰԭΣ
̨¶ʱһƬȫȸ½ߡ
׻˵ֵĲ¶󣬾ˡ
ЩһſڣҲһʵǾǣЩˣʵȫϵóī
į̄λһЦֻսһ·أ㡭òͻȻ˰ɣ
̨λԭЩԥ˵Ӱû⣬Ҫĸλ˶ϣ滹ûס
ᣬҲݲȴˣȻĻԺô̧ͷˣ
սս˵꣬ݱø
īŶһЦȥֳ
˵ţһԾɴ̨̨˵һǵһֽ𣿡
̨һԥɨһûʲôӦܿµͷҧ㣡
ǾͺáīͷȻλӣԿʼˡ
ҵġλͺһһīĺ
ղŴ򶫷׵һһģһ
ֻոմ̶ʱɹ˿̡ȴóʮɣ
һƣʱòһˡ
̨µĺܶˣ̲סһ

һ̫ˣ
û뵽ոջ˽ˡ
׵ɫһһ죬ЩŭģǼ˵ʧ䡣
Էһȷ޴󣬽ϴŵɱһɥȻһʯҲһ̴
飡
īվԭûֻһȭ
ȭ֮ȭ
ǰѾֶıֱӱīһȭȻһȭ˵ϣһ˵Ĺͷ
ֱӱˡ
ۣ
ڰУֱһѪֱӷɳʮɣȻݺݵˤ䵽ϡ
˼£žһˡ
̨ܣˡһƬţ
һֱĬ˴ԼʮϢʱ䣬ͻȻ˴ȵã
Ƕס
Ӣ˿̶ЩŤ˷ܣųī񣬾һ
ţܶΧ۵ˣŽعһ֮ɫųīĿ⣬ȫЩһˡ
֮ǰֻǴ˵˵ⶫᱻŴܶ౶ˣ֮ˣ벻Ŵ˵֮ǡڣǶˣ

ȷǿޱȡ
λȸ½ߣҲˣʮ꣬ľʵ۳ִɣǵ֮콾ԭߵһѡڳīǰȴһȭӲ£ֱӱ˱˵Ҳһȭ
Ͳһεģ
ȸ½ߣīĿ⣬ȫǳСǿҵη塣
ʵǿϱаƲ⣬īһʵѾľ
䣬־磬ֱţ
Ȼǹ³һĴе콾ǰҲΣҳԼš
ѹĴɻޱȵƮ칬
򱻴ɵӣȫ꣬˵˭ãҪԼǵλСүͷϡ
ʱȺȸ½ϱǿߣȺУ˵ոջָ˳ֺڵһּɱˣȻˣʲôȥָˣ
īһۿ˵ˣضزˣֳһָԡ
˼īһ۾ҵԼʱЩҡʱܵˣĿȫСЩյĵǰмСһʶ
Ǿͱ졣īһۣûٶ˵ʲôͷת̨٣Ӯ𣿡
̨æĵͷӮˣӮˣڵǼȥ׼һ£׼ڶ
īͷ̨
ܿҲ˿ûиīʲôһʱ뿪Ҫ±ʦšҲ֪ԼǶǴʦŵ̬Ӧǲģ
ңô˵Լڽ֮ǰڳµӡŤתˡ
־֮ٴֵ˳ī
į֮̄󣬿λ֣ʱˡ


467 𾪵־
ΪֲǱˣǸո̨°зֵλߡ
ԷҲסˣȷ˺֮󣬲ų鴤ǽʵ
ī´߰죬Ȼ̨ٵⲻ̨ս𣿡
̨ٺܿ϶ĵͷǣ
λҲˣīǳ鴤ţû취ܡ
ȿȡ̨Ҳһ˵εŴᣬ̨սҪĿҪѡνῡйƵģˣε̨ϣʮ֮µˡɲμӣλȻȡ̨˵䡭ʮµġ
ҿʮˡīһ䡣
߶ʱŭųīС˵Ҫ
ãһϹͷȻ̨ôͱҰʲôǰļˡְܶɣģҲ㡣ī˵
ңЦһһľƶȻ
ܶʱһ͵͵ľ벻߾Ȼһ֡
ʲôƣôԺĸо
Ҳǣ̫ˣ
ԭΪǴţģû뵽һʦ
ŴᣬĴɲּٻ֣ľǿߣǿĴˡ
ˣߵƱ֮󣬵˺ܶˡ
ܶԭطΧ۵ˣҲ׷ܵ
ֻмΧۣһӱǧˣ
ʱ򣬳īһŮۣѽ
һźĻȹŮӣЦе߹
ܶ˿ŮӣһӦǣƤðסۣڶӦǣĿôдô椣Ӧˢһ¡Сóһ·
ΪŴϣĵĻˣֻһطǾǡһ
ģһˣ˵ĵ·ǲȻܣ˭Ҷ˵һ䣿
һˡôƮ칬˳Ϲϵ
֮ǰдԣ˵ĴɶƮ칬īû뵽ģ
˵īʦ
Ѿˣ
šǸ˵а½ȸ½췭ظĳīǺ֪ġ
֮ŻСѾĵʮ̨գ˲ﵽһ㡣
ȻԽԽ࣬˫ûжأѾнӽǧˣ
Χ̨ܶʱÿտյԭֵ̨ͦϣҲ˲ʧȥ£ݲݵĴ֮󣬱ȫʮ̨
ܹôܹΧۣȻǳ˲õ
ɫѿֻǳϣʵϣʵʮꡣҲĲСˡ
һɵˣɵǿߣɣҲһִģ̸ʲộܷչ죬ҲȫΪǿ
ľߣ治ˡ
ǰȸ½ϴɽ½ҪƮ칬еʱҲ˲˹һûȥ
Ժͺ˳ī˸Ʈ칬йصһС
ҪΪҪģ̳ī䣬Ȼ֣ҲûҪīôϡ
˿ۿԽԽ࣬СȴһƵʵ޵ֱ
Сְɣ߳˵
áī˵ţֵȤûУһֱӳ֡
һȭ
ȭ֮ȭ
ոһȭ˵Ķһ޶
ںܶ˿Ŀŵưȫûľǿ߷
ܶ˶ôΪġ
ʵ˸īĶûп
վ̨µĻСѾһ˫Ư鶯ӣȴųīĶȻ
һ˫ųīÿһϸڡͬʱмţԼϳīӦӦԡ
κһˣ̫٣ݵı¶
СѾᣬѾ֣ݵȻö˵˿̣۾ųīĶͷϡȴ̲סһϸܵĺ
ֻһ˲飡
īѹʵ̫ˣ
ΪļݵУڵľ磬ȻҲӲסīһȭ
飡
ʱ̨ľߣֱ㶵ķ˳ȥ
ȻȵΧ۵Ⱥ֮⡣
ܶʶģתߡ
ֻվ첻һ£ãɫǺ죬۵һһѪ
ӻΣȴǿҲų̂ϵĳīһۣתߣ
˼Ѿˣ
ʲô
˵īոһȭһľߣֻǸе𺳺;ȣô˿̣īһȭһľ߸ĿѪҿȥˣ˵ķӦѾ𾪣ǿ־壡
ī񣬶ȫͬˡ
ôһͨߣһľ콾
СС֪ͣʮ꣡
ľ磬ȻѾﵽΣ
ˡԼȻһ·ӵڣ
ǡ֪η


468 ɨ
úðȺȫڳĬʱǱ߻СѾͻȻƣк
ںܶȫĿתСѾǳ鴤Ŀ⸴ӣ֪˵ʲôá
Ǳȸ½ߴʱû߳ԶСѾĻİƵһű˵ͨ죬оһҷڣҪѪĸо
æ˼ȻĻѪʡˡ
īͿ˻СѾںΪԼҲɵ΢΢һ漴¶һ˿΢ЦŻСѾ˻֡
ȫһɵĿ֮תתȥ鶼ܾʣȻЩ㲻⵽ʲô
ʲôʱһɫŮӣƮ칬λСү֮䡭ţ
СѾȴǲܲˣīһȭҾãңҲмܣѽھ͸һܣ
īͷߡ
Χ۵ЩҲͬͷߣĵַ֮ʽ
Ѿչ̶ȣӦûٴһ
īҲû뿪̫Զ̨֮СѾߣѾͷһԣ˹񣬳īȻˡ
СѾǸں
Ľѽ̨ϵЩСѡСѾһĽ˵
īʱĿ˵ҿˣȻֻ֪ⷬԼһ鷳û˸鷳ôһĵմӣעӰв
ĽңһĽأҪ򣬾ͿֱõҲֱΪѡ֣ľȦСī˵
㲻СѾһļį㲻׵ı飬̾˿ʵγ˼ҪúôϼܵģϧߵĶҪҰųʲôѡ֣īҪ
ܻ𣿡ҪǿԣīŲ̨۸أСѾּ֮ˡ
ǲܡСѾһʧȻ˵ȵǰһʱҾͿԲμʱ򣬿Ҹֵǣ
īԼûѾͷ
СѾ͵ЦһᣬͻȻС˵ǣһҵһսô죿
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ԣīĵսû򣬽еĺʱ̨ǱһСӣ˵˹ֱ֣䣬ɴ̨һԥġ
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ϧǣīҲû衣
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ԭһֱͬһ꣬ѾɳΪҪĴڣ
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475 ³
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ڳĺͰжſֵˣϵı飬ྫˡ
ǵģȸոշֳīԭֻҪʡ
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476 
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ҪеСֱӴţ
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479 ύ
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ţһΡܻŴӹгĻԺңкܶԺ顣īЦŶ˵
΢΢һ漴ϲûŪīĴ㣬ȴֱӵͷӦ˵̫ˣʲô飬ĳ£޶
⻰Ŵ֮ǰ˵ţҲ⵽һƬԵ
ڴʱ˿̣˵ⷬߵһȺߣȴûһԵġı顭ûУ
ܹύһǰ;ῡ壬ɴϵ£һƬ޳ɵ
ܿɫЩ΢վаңҿ㹻飬ûļŭλȻĻʸվ뵽Լ֮ǰڳЩٶܿԼ졣
ҿ˼ûԼһʶǶ
ī΢΢һЦ˵ҪŽ츳ˣ͵Ʈ칬ȥҲ޶𣿡
΢΢һ漴С¶һĨ֮ɫųī˼ǣ
ҵ˼˵Ʈ칬Ϊ䡭ǸɡֻҪɣôҿԱ֤աһܹī˵ţĿɿڴЩľɵӣڣҲڴţûϵǿԹġ
ǣ˼ǣֻҪƮ칬ˡܱ֤һŵĿųīǸҲǻֻǾá⣬Щ̫˼ˣ
īϵı飬ЦЦһ㣬ˡҪƮ칬ĲԣΨкϸߣſԽ룬ȻĻûʸƮ칬ġ
ҶҶ츳׿϶û⣡ϵı飬ޱȵ˷ܡ
žô£īеƣ֮ǰ׼õЩ֤ԼԷֶΣȻһûϡ
ѵ˵ԼôΣλ̫ɵ
ҪǱ˵ⷬĳֻڽЦ˵ⷬĳȴţ쿴һѩһֿƋOȻ˵ɵĵմӣĸԸƮ칬ҷǱߡȻ㷴ӦûУĳʲôɲĻ
īǳ˳飬һЦӯӯһѩ˵ԭΪԭ򣬵Ҳײ˰ɣΪɣǱ߿϶Ȳͬ
īʵҲôͬһҲãѩҲãƮ칬Ϊīԭ򣬿ɲǱġ
Ҫô⣬ҲĲǴ
īţ˵һ㣬˭ԼһͽƮ칬ӽ͸һ˿һĹϵΨһݣƮ칬ӡ㡭ܽ𣿡
ܣôܣðɣ쿴ųīСңأɹܶһţȥ
īͷЩпĵˣǾ̫ˡ
ЦЦԼֺαȥ˵·
ī˵ҲģйʸƮ칬ĵӣ͹Ʈ칬ߣҲǷĽ˵жŵʱ򡭡Ż׵ġ
ֺ£̫ˣľǣ֮ĳᷢɵϣѰҺʵţųīһȭŵ
īһˣû㳯Źķȥ
·ϣԳī˵˵һΣĴǱμŴˣʵݵλһģҪȫڹߡ


480 
īͷ⣬ʵҲˡ
˵³Ǳߣ˴ӵ֮⣬ֻһĳϡǱɱǸ
˵³ǾֻôһʵĻǿɾʹشˣ˭ŵġ
ߣҲҪСģָоҪ˵Ĵߣο˹ʸĿģȻö˵Ҷס
һֱԱŵͨϵͷԼˣû취ˣҪ᲻ĻᣬʲôֻҪջƨ˭˭ɵӡ
ܿһԵͷСֹǰĻųˣ˵Ҫʮɣ˭Ҳô
˵٣Ҳ˵ֻҪɲţʮȫߡҲȻԺ˭Ǻ
ͨ˵Ǽǵġ
ЩʵҪµǶԳӲܸоĴɶԳӵӡе֡
ͨʱҲͷȷǹ³ǱߣôڳӵϣŶԵȻƨûţϢĻȥˡ˵ĸоרѹġ
ͷĻعʮа˾Ҫֵġ
ͨͷǰ˭˭Ҳ˵Լߵô֣࣬պ˽οǣ
īһţвɿЦϣû˭Ǳ
һЩ飬Ϊ㹻أʵϣȴȫġ
е㵣ǵĿųīӣڹ棬һҪСİ
ҿ棬ΣյģΣյġǴӹ֮󣡡ͨ˵
ΪȻĵͷ
īЦЦлѣһСµġ
ҲЦҵеˣԳӵʵЩҪΪҲһ׵顣
˵õҲǡͨҲЦ
ڳīźΰͼͨЩȻЩţȴҲȫ𺳵󣬽ī˵ôƮ칬䡭ΪһεȿֲĴڣ
ɣǵһƮ칬ύɣ
ǾܵѰ
ʱɵĵλҲ϶ˮǴߡ
ڳЩˣȫΪǲ֣ͷûвġ
ˣЩ˴˿̣ȫųīһߵġ
ǳīһ֮ĸĴƽƽЩ˸еĳȡܸ˳ΪѣⱲ˵һ顣
պ˹ǰվ
һĴɽС
˱
λã죬λƮ칬ҲǱŴսĹھīӡǵٶȣ΢˼죬λѰæһ¡첻ֳһӦеķȡ
ǰȺˣȴȫûλɵŷǶĿ⣬˳īϡ
񣬴ż־ȡŭмԼһ˿η塣
֮Щ˵Ŀ⣬ʮָӡ
Ȼû˵ʲôȴһָо·˵ԭǳī
ɡȺڴ˳ī֮ҲûйľٶǽȺõСǰס
ϣ˳īķݷãһͿżɽ˵Щ˵ķӦҸоӲǵľ硭˵رߣЩ֡
ţī졣
˵ҵõϢɲһ֪СϣӦвʮλ֣ĴÿҶʮ򡣡
īһ죬λţٴθ߿һۡ
īѾӦϵߣ˵벻󡣲ǲʮλʮ˸
ī˵ĸ֪ϲֱӽЩ˵׼ȷλú;磬ȫ
ܹ֪ЩѾ൱ˡ
Щ˿ȥԳȤܴ󣬶ңżֳ֡ӹ֮󣬳ҪСˡЩĵĵ
ȻųīʵҲųī֮ǰĺΰͼƭˡȴû취ųīһˣͿԶԿĴɵи֡
˵ˣīԼš
īû̫ĵǣʦŵƣȻãҪ浽˹ؼʱ̣Ҳԥó
ͿĴǱߣ״ôԴˡ
ֹؼʱ̣ĴǱǲѰյġ
ǶʹĹ³ǣҲʱ鷳
ī֪Ҳȥ롣
ڵȴ󲿶Щ˵īÿ˺ȺȲ裬һѩͻƋOһļɣõҲɡ
ʱĳīѽе׵ڲȻһѩƋOЩߵˣҲ޴Ӳ
Щ˱Լžͺãʱʱ̿дϣӰˡ
ʮʱȥȺˣڸ


481 ӿ
ҵʱһģȴֻųīҴһʧããĴ֮ϡڵ½֮ǰܶųīҴںϵķ籩С
ΪҲֲķ籩˻󴬣˲ٴԱ
СϿīȺ֮Щֻаǧ꣡
ǵģīںܶУѾһĴǸе־Ļȴóīް취
ʵҲ˶ô룬һߵĻСѾڿһѩԼƋOŮ֮󣬾һĵĴչЩˬıԹǵʱߵʱΪʲôûд
һֻεЦЦСѾҲãĸطͻҲãȥǳġ
Ǳһ˭֪ʲô˼أ
Щ飬ЩܹģǶһѪͳĵճˣܶ飬Ҳƿصġˣ˴˼仹ǱֵΪáȻĻһʲô飬˴˶Ϊѡ
СѾȻģֻЩԸīãԶȴҪõö࣬ȴͬȥıһЩ顣
ǽ
ȺУģӦþˡ
ǸصĶ֮һʵ˲䱩ǣһ޵еĸо
ָоʵ̫ˣЩ񫣬Ҫ̷һЩֶ
ϧǣֻһš
ǲ֪Ƕʲôʵ̫ˡī˼ûˣֻҪ˹֮󣬳īȻ޷ӹġ
˶ˣȫɵСҲǰδе
˺ܶ࣬ܶûʸˣҲһˡȻܽ棬ȴҪĿһʢᡣ
ԶԶĿųīݺݺļŮһḬ̃ĹâаλָҵıԱ֤ڹ֮УչīīҸȻԩ޳𣬵˭̫ҡأ߾ȻôƯŮˣˣǾȫҵˣ
ĸףţվߣȫһ޵ģصһƽīҪܵ쳣һιؼ񣬲ֻһҪɱ
ͷصİɸףһ
һǱߣɷط磬Ҳһļλͷûйຮѣǵһʱ䣬סܿˡ
һλ棬ȥһٶ꣬ĿݣϵݺĹ֡
ĿһۻͺطˣʵǶǷûУ
ͺطˣͬҲʮꡣͬǿԽĹеġ
ɷ໥һۣȻߵĻǶʲôǷֱ治ȴиܵһѪ֮ǲá
ƣ߿ȥܷŭϺܶ൤ҩģѪôˣֱλܹ췣ĳ֣ʵҶ˵ܱϣǵĸ֡
Ǹ棬ǲ롣ȻӲܾζȴǳԡ
ǡˣһһȻ˵СѾأûУǲҪԵɲܵӣ
Ǹ˵ˣܾˡﵭ˵
ʲôЩŭˣɭĿŻǴ㿹ˣ
ʱһֱû˵ĺط磬λӵˣȻˣδЦ
ϢŭϢŭ
ϢŭʲôǼֱҪң֪֪λˣֱĴɣһ˼ĴԵλжǿǲû췣ûܽɱֳܷĵĴɵأֱȺ棬˵ĻᣡЩɸֵĿǰˣҪģֻһ¶ѣɱСӣ𣿡
˵ţ̾ϢСѾǸѾͷҲ֪ܹȻ͸Сӻһѵǲζʲô𣿻˵һҪ֮£λ˳
￴ߣЩεĵ棬˵ʵλͻȻصĴˣȻչʾ˲˼ͨվûӹ췣ۣ֮վˡ˵Ա֤ǽ磬һ·ǽɽ硢硣˵Ļľô𣿡
ΪʲôţλˣǸ˼Ĵڣּһǳ˿ڣֱͨ˼飡˵䡭˭
̾˿ǣǺԿ췣ǾѪĻһ㣬ûУ
ĿŻ򸾣û˵
ƽ˵ôɳīȴš
˲סþ


482 
ò˵⣬ʵ̫Ϭˡ
ǰλˡ˿ֲǿսּһż˿ڵĴǡ
Ҫɱĳīȴţ
ҲĺúõģĳΪһʦ
ʦֺܳأ˭ʸ񱻳ΪʦġīƺѾ߱ʸ
λˣΪһ˼Ĵڣ˲仯𡭡Ĵɵأչֲ˼ֶΣͬͨһ㡣Уκ飬ܣ׺ɣ⵽˵ţȻ΢΢һЦɳīվǻŵġ
طһԵͷ棬Ҿãϱ˵е
Żع񣬺ݺݵһۺط磬ȴûгԷ
˵ӦûǵãʦʱؼֵĸԼ˷׳̶ȡ
һȴûٷʲô
˵īʦȻû̫ĺۼҲû̫ϢһսȴӦûǵãǵʱУ³ǵȸĻ᳤ȥ򡭡
߳һ£˵īʦһִץȻһƣӳˡ
ͷǵģһ㣬ȥƺûʲôعָո̤β͵Сƨҿֱӵ򡭡
̲סһۡ
ȴЦĵϸ˼һ£ȴīʦͬץһֻСһץҲУҾãҲС
ߵɫһȴûзΪȷ
īʦֱԷˮһ׵Ȼ󣬾ͽܳīǰһеͨСɶҪżĹ򡭡Ǹ꣬Ȼûչ¶ȫʵҵĲ²⣬Ѿӵ۷ĳս˵
ǳһЩŵĿŻôܣ
˵ʵطһ˵СѾд˰غϡǣ˼ҸСѾӣȻĻСѾһغ϶ŲסȻ̫Ըϣʵ
߶ʱ̲סһ
СѾһǧɫһšȻĻЩ漶ˣôô
ǰλߣһʸͬʱҲʵǿһλˣ˵һغϾͽСѾܡǸȴԣ
ֱʱĳ˵˵ô࡭ڣʵֻһ˼
ߵϣʱҲ¶ı飺˵
λ췣Ĵˣȷһ˲ǿߣӵв˼޷ġīʦͬҲδһ֮ö̶̼ʱ䣬һеƽ꣬һ֡Ѿ˵ˣ˵˵һǳؼ˶ˣīȴĺúõġ
ߵϣ¶˼ı顣
ȴ˭˭ǣҲ˵ȻҸط磬ϲīǺӡҪҪǣ飬ǲô򵥣˻ˮóȻ˽ȥǸǻǺԤϵһ¡
ڱ˵ˣŻֿһɵЦĺط磬̲סü쵰һϱ
ǣ˼СĵĿߡ
߳һ£Ż˵ɣ
̫ˣطϣ¶ϲɫһѾͷ˰ɣ
ϣҲͬ¶ĵı顣
ЩƵĵϣεѡȷġ
˵ţһȷѡ񡣡

ǲʱ䣬ǱߣͬҲΪ
ѩ֪ĸ˪Ȼ֪ĳСϡ
˪һģ֮ǰչصķ
λڹµĳϣŮԡ
棬ͷ׵Ůˡ
ЩŮˣȻһ۾ܿǵѾܴˣһļáƶԿóʱһַ绪Ůӡ
һŮӣһͷ׷ȥʮҡʵʵ䣬Ѿ̫꣬ˡ
ڷУһλ൱ߵ档
ֱǺ֣ŮĿ˪ãǽں֣ôģǷĵӣȻ͵ҪɱȥѵСﶯ𣿡
˪ɫû̫仯ȥȻˮ
Ǹȥû̫ģ̫ŵѵ⣬̧ͷ˵£ҵľҽ޹ء
˭ľҲУŮ˵
ʾĿŮӣǷɵţǾĲãͶƱҵ֮λ£ڷľҪģҲˡ


483 ·
׷ŮŭҰ֮λ㣬첲յģ
Ҫ˵ʲôԵĽ˪ͻȻסõ֣ȻһЦ˵ɡ
˵ʲôãŭ֣һ䣬ȴûнìܼ
˪Ű׷Ůӣĵʦ档
ǽλʦأ׷ŮЦųһ䡣
˪˵ȻеģµжϣλǰжϣЩͬ
׷Ůĺһߵ׷ŮӣҲȫɫȻĿ˪
һ˪СһԹŮ˵׻ʵ۵һ֮⡭ûóĹ
ң˪Ƿһǧɫһţ͸СѾһеĵλࡣ
ǵǼ£ɵſ϶䵽ͷϡ
ǼҲȥܶˣѩôˣ׺ɣ˷ǣߵǣҲòࡣˣ˪ĸйۣҪһЩġ
˵˵׷ŮĿڣȴǸ˪͵Ļᡣ
λǰʵӦöСǸ֮ĶԹš˪ûмڽʲô˵
һɫѿȴҲûв廰
׷ŮӵͷһҲЩ֣ԹΪʲôҪôѵıСвŵˣֱǸЦһ˿սɣߡҪǵʱæ飬Գ֣úýѵѵǸĿ˵Сˣ
˪΢΢һЦʦô߹󣬺αظһСһƽϡ£ʵġ
ţ˪ʼ˵ڳīһЩӳīǰʦ챻ܣɳΪǿߣϸ˵һ顣
δˣ˪˵λͻȻǷصĴˣȻôΪʲôԼɱ˳īأ
ǲмһ׷Ů˵
λǰԼ²ô˪΢΢һЦ
ļ׷Ůӣȫ˼С
ҸСã¡ܹġλˡȻһ˲õǿߡɳīϡͬءΣǶ뵽鵱ȥ˪һ˵
˵ġмֵλ˸Ķ֮ûǣҲǾãǶЩ졣ǼȻô룬ΪʲôֽմӣСߣ׷Ů˵
¡ʵҲԼԸһ˪Ҫ˵ʲôİ׷Ůӣ˵أѩһȻûи˵ʲôʱ䣬˵ľ磬дٶȣǷɣҪһʱ䡣Դϡ
ʲô£׷ŮҲɵЩˣе㲻ŵĿ˪
˪ʮ̹Ȼĵͷ飬ûѣʦλǰһԱ֪
ǣǽõ˼ǣ飬ҪվڳīСߣ׷ŮüȻЩò⣬૵λͻȻֵĴˡʵǿò˼鰡һۡܶһ¡ȻҲ֪ĻȥɱСӣǲԵģ䰡ôԴ
ûôԴʦ棬Ӧеް˪˵
ˣǷɣôҲͦˣȻûԵҲδؾͲˡǽúܺãЩϺͿǿ׷Ů̾ϢһЩȻ
˪벻ʦЩǰأǲܰġ
ʦ㣬ʵ˪˵ģҲȷеһ׷Ů飬Ǹϵġ˵ǸˣּɱˣȻΪϣҲͣȻô췣֣˺뻢ıƤ
ǵģ˪˵Ķԣ䣬ܶ飬ûжԴȴӦԼĵޡһ׷ŮӸ͡
һĻЩô꣬վûܻһ̡ɽƺʼգһֱЩеĹԱ֮ǰǿ϶Ҫһ
ھô֮ȻϲϳϣȴѾףܶ顭ˡ
һͷߣշ˸λ˺ѡ񱣳ȣ³Ǻ⣬ĴɣǾҪһߵˡ
³Ǻˣеϱ֮ûǣûеֻһ¡β˦ɣλ˵
ʱ򣬹³ǺˣȻǲ֪һѾˡ
Ƕǰ£øλϹϵӶ֤δһƬ̹;
ĴɣΪһˣ˽Ȼ෴·
˭ǶԵģ
¡Щھеˣ


484 
СѾڳīﶺŻȥȥ֮󣬾ͱɫĸĸе֪˵Щʲô֮СѾʱżεķŭмãȻͱˡ
ͬģѩһҲͻȻֵ˪ôߡ
˵Ů˼ҵ
ݲö֪ŮǿųġȴûлصƮ칬פء
ЩȻܶ˿
³ǺǱߵˣȫΪһеļƺһ¡
ĴɣһΣģҪŪī
ǵҪʲô𣿡ЩڷȥŰǵĳīЦӣ˵仰棬ôô
ͨվһԣҲЩüĵһǱߣûʲô̫Ķ˵СѾĸ̸֮󣬺ܲĵӡ
Ǳԣܶ˶һѩˡܿһС˵˵껹СĵĿһ۳ī
ʱ򣬾ҲûˣɸƮ칬ī֮䣬Ѿ׵ĳһϵˡ
ī죬ָָһߵӣ԰꣬ûôء
ءĴѾ̬һĿųīӣȰ㡭ǲҪ˰ɣ£ǻڹУԹӲ
ͨҲһȰǰӣǲҪȥˣǸڻ뿪ԹӵʵߵĻסģ֮еǵطֻҪӺúõģôǾͲ̫
ͨⷬҲǷθ֮ԣȻΪΪԼǵأģȷǵĳī¡
Ͼī֮ǰŵǵĶ̫ˣǲīĴɵ
ƋOվڳīߣҲ廰ȴЦʲôĴɣӵĵƶأؼʱֱ̣ӽ磬˭Ҳ
ʱĴɰȥԿ˭
ī΢΢ҡҡͷ˵о仰ſȻҾôһ˵
쿴ųī˵
һĴɵķӦʵ̫ġеˣȷҪңеˡīһ£΢΢һЦȴǡ
ţ΢΢һ
ī˵Щ飬۾ǻƭ˵ġ
ͨԼܿʱס¶ãȻվǵϣȷ벻»ʲôת
ڶīûйǽʲôֱ˵ңôһΣɵˣͲҪˡ
ʲôܿʧ˵ܣ
˵꣬ܿӢϣЩǺ죬ЦЦĳīܿ͵棬Ǻòȡġ
īڰ֣˵ꡣ
ͨܿһۣЩãɵĵӶû˵˵ʲô
ǼɵĵӣȻû쾳ģȴѾﵽľҲŵĳƺšЩ˶ȣһֱţӲ
ܿЩڨڨģȷЩҡΪʦͨΪȡģƾʵû뵽սǰһԣ˭ؽĻᡣ
治һˮءīһܿȻ˵ǲҪһεָƭôȥĴɶԹް취µȴûмܳɹŻѵ˵һΡͻⲻɣ
⡭һ漴Ц˵еЩ̰ˡ
ܿһż˵ʲôȴ졣
ī̾һ˵һΣĴһܴľ֡ԭΪֻ֣һˣҸոյ֪һЩ飬Ʒۡ֡īһڳˣǶԳĴ֮⡭µģ

ôܣ
Ҫʲô
ѵҪеӣһԿ𣿡
һֱŰɵǣҲ̲סͷӶСš
ЩŵĿųī⻰֤ݣ
Ȼ֤ݡīƶĿ죺֤ݣֻһЧû취ָſԣҲ˵ſţҲѡš
ЩãȻĵǡҪʲô
ī̾˿Ҳ̫ˣңͲҪɵĵǽ棬ȥ͵ûʲô塣
ǡѾˣʲôɲȥ˵
īȻʧЦȳԼϣǲȥ˭ǿǲɣõ𣿾ҪɣҲܼ򵥣
ȿȡͨһԾҵĿҲͷߣųī˵ҪҪôֱӰ
ѵ֣īˣֻһΣ˾ˣȻĴֻأ˭֪Լǰ˭˭֪Լ˭
һ仰ȫĬ


485 룿
īĻէһƺЩǣǿϸһ룬ô¡
ϾûʲôǱҪġ̬߱˵Ҫ˳˳˳ЦǵС֮⣬ûʲôùڦġ
ǣ᲻ᴥŭˣЩǵĵϾʱ˶ӦģҴҶ˶󡭡ֱ˳ǻŭ
ǰӣһĴǱߣֱӦͨһԵ
īЦЦûǲôġ
ʱһεĿɫƽĳī˵λСүס
СѾǱ߲˵ѩһȫӻ˷ɣžҪ㻮ޣˡſЦ
ī죬ſǺûУż֣Ҳٶ˵һϻʵҲ̫ģֻҪ֮󣬹˵һ䣬˵Ʈ칬֮ûκιϵĴҲãҲãΪŵġ
ӣҿûСҪ͡
īڰ֣ûйŵ˼ܻ֮ܣ˼κѡҶǡһѡôͲҪڡ
ī˵֮󣬾ƽĿͨˡ
ܿϣ¶⶯֮ɫû֪Ϊν棬׼˶ãȻ֪кΣգȻ֣һͷص뷨
ҲãͨҲãɵĸ߲㳤ϣǶСˡ
ɾϣɺɽ֮ĸʹЩ˵Ϊ
ĳ̶ֳ˵ԶͨɺͳЩҪöࡣ
ԣīⷬȻ˼СЩɵĸ߲ȴȫŲ뷨
Ǿǡī˵ģܿģǶԵģ
ңɵȺˣҲȫжԵģǲѱѹĴϣΪᱻĴ̵ͷӶʣ¡
ԴһʼǾûҪĴɺīϵĳʣǿ˳īӵеδҸīƮ칬˴˼ƽȵģ
٣īĴһԴǣ
ͬ˭Ըһ߸Ŀ˵
˭Ҫõأ
ԣԸīվһ
鷢չЩǵԤϣû뵽С֮ĴɲԼͬģչֳǵ
Ȼû˵Щ飬ǲҪ˵ġֻҪ̬ȱ㹻ˣ
ԭīֻǸĴеĹ³ǲԸòһͷɵ˶Ե׽ī
ɿԺ׵ѡжϡ
ڡ
Ĵɰ
ȻȻûʲôɶİˣǻ
ѹ˵̫ˣ
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ãŸɵĳ໥һۡЩ˱˴˼ĬҪͨʲôܿ׶Է롣
ǸӡЩѵĿųī촽鶯ƺЩ˵ڡ
īЦЦѾ֪ɵѡ˵УЩʧ
Щ飬û취˵̫ףЩŵ˵ڵġʵīѾΣȻѡվԼߣôĳ϶ǵһϯ֮ء
ϧ
īҲûȥʲôˣҲҪһѡ
˵Ҳʲôվѵһ䣬ЩˣһҪСģסԼνĻԵҪīĳ˵
ллӣԭԼѴɻߣ˻ȥЩѴʵ˼ҳīװ׵ģֺαѿࣿ
⣬֮ǰԼ飬ȻЧīЦŵǴӹŻƮ칬վȣôȻԸƮ칬źͯڱꡭŷľǣǾ仰Ի⣡
ӣǶԲһףһƺû䡣ʵϣһжһˣ
ѡ˫ĹϵܵѣֱӱͨѣʣµġҲֻϵˡ
޷ΡīЦȺˡ
֮СϢ³ǵнӼɵһڸ߲㣬˫̸
ţţҲϵĽӼɵһڸ߲㣬˫̸
һͷȻûʲôٶҲûʲô
ڳī˵һڸоƺѾˡ
Ϊĳī߾ֻʣһֻлƋO
һ統


486 
ҿǾѵ磬Ȼܿϣ֮ɫͨ˵
ͨǳĬţûдԼͽܡ
ôʦáףܿȷܴܻԹɫܹٵԼ̬˼·
ͨһܿ
ܿ΢΢һУʦȻͬӣϣʱ
ʦôˣܿСĿͨ
ͨԥһ£˵ʦеڣȡʸˡ
ΪʲôܿȻΪʦʲô˼ô˵϶ڵԼİΣ
ʦã˵ĻеԼͽܣͨҲʲôֱ˵ȻΪȣѡӻޣʦȴãӵĻе桭ʦȥˡ
ʦҾãһûµġܿ˵ԼЩû
Ϊ֮ǰĿȣͱīˮ侲ϸ룬ȷо˿־塣
Ĵô֮۵û취Ǹ֮ءһʯ֮ߣƾʲôԼһܹǷˣ
ǡҲȥˣܿųĬʦŵ˵
˵ĺܲġ
ʵڲĵĻҪȥҲСͨ˺ܾã̧ͷܿ˵һҪθڳ󣡡
⡭ⲻΥŵ˼ܿĿɿڴĿԼʦ
ͨҡҡͷȻ֮£ӻ˽ޣȴûѡӶֻͬһӣʲôٶȻ飬㲻ϣܰأ
ܿǳ鴤ţЩŵĿԼʦţֻʦ
ƨͨȻЩ߳ŭϽ
ҿʦܿţЦˡ棬ȴȺģ֪ʦһУȫΪ롣
ڶ죬ڵ˽ӡ
һ磬ͶۼСĵһС㳡ϡ
˼ǣĴɵЩӣɫȻЦɣ糤졢ͨɡԪɺЩɣԼɡɺɽЩеǣ඼һ˷֮ɫ
档
ѾãȴǵһΣĽӽ
ԣȻ˵УǧɴûнȥˣҲ׵ء
Ĵߣÿһɽˣʮҡ
ŴһʮˣһٶˣСĹ㳡ϣװ
īߣֻʣ˻ƋOһˣΪ󹫼޷棬ֻСϵȴϢ
óīȥЩµЩ
ɶǴ˾һ𣬾ֻһˣȥǱһ㡣
ʵϣҲǱˡ
СѾԶԶĿǱߵĳīͻƋOȻ֪һȻܡܵģڷӪеһѩȻ˪ĵĸŮ˰죬Ȼмڽ͵Ҳĵĸ˵ǰ̸еľŮ棬Ȼޱȵѹ
ָо·һֱѣ
Ȼ֪ô£ڿųīֻлƋOվŮȦЩˡ
һĻ˵УʵһšĴɣҪԳīˣ
īˣһΣɡ
벻Ȼеӽ棬ҲͦԤϵġ
ƨ벻ô˵Ĵһʮֶīܣܵõô
˵ҲǣͶԼȥˡ
ȺУܶ˶Сš
īУҲֻ߾ӶࡣǳͨɵĵӣԳī¶˿ĵı顣
ˣ˶ˣϻ˵㳡мĸ̨ϣվһĸߴӣ֪һɵģЩ˽֮ǰĶԱ
һʱ֮Ǿͻ뵽˵еĹ浱СҲŻǣΣգסûʲôǱǵҪ顣ܻŻӮҡס棬ɱǱ֪ô⵽Ĵɵļ׷ɱ˵ţī߿һۣ˵ʱԼߵ󣬾Ͳˣ
ܶ˴˿īĿ⣬ѾʼЩͬˡҪѳīӰҪԸ˼ңвĴɣЩ̫޳ˣ
лһеˣȫ˸еС
̨ƺԼҲףҲ˵ֽ˼֮󣬱ˣȥ
ν֮ţֻһĹâˣ϶֪Źô
Ѿ˶ûٷϻʲôĻͷһͱЩˣȻһ롣
īƋOⱻں档
ƋOЩŭīȴƽһ˿ĳŪ
ֵˣīعͷĿһԶȺˣȻȻһЦ
ת롣


487 ս
ЦݣǳڱϣһͨͨġԴƤЦݶѡɳڳīϣȴúȺǿߣнһ
ɲǼ䶼ֺȴûһֽģ
һЦݡ
ƾʲô
ĵ
ȺǿߣĴɵϱڷӦԼīЦݸһ֮жӿһǿҵķŭ
ȥֻץ³еһ棬ɫķԸĻֱӴ˵ţһ۷ɺһǱߵˡ
ɺһߣȫûκζ
ôʱǻҪܱ³Щˡ
ǱһɫݵĿ޵ͷͬ⡭
վˣҲͷҲͬ⣡
³Ǳͨˣ̬ͬ⣡
ʱ˵Ŀ⣬ȫͶɺһߡ
ͷףȴŮӣ˵Щˣ͹ˡ
㡭³ǵɫһ䣬ƺ뷢𣬲׷Ůӱֽ֮ҪڵĻ˻ȥ
λ̡еǲ
һûʶĴɵϱô֪ܲ
ȻŭɺһܱҲұƵ̫
³λ棬һֱ֮ˣСҪȽֻץ˵
飡
СͻȻ䴫һ죬
ţһŻ⡭
ϱȫһ䣬ԡ
ʱһӰֱ߷ɹ
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ץסֻ³ǵ泹ŭˣû뵽߻ûȶأֻļȻȷˡ
Ź³һǸС
Ⱥľǿ˵Ͳʲôգ۾ͳ嵽С档
ƾǽС˸׶ϣҲûҵһëֻɱһȺСϵ֮ˣ
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ôûģ̲סҪԸң
īûж룬̧־һ
ڤ˵һ꣡
е߱һ貹âһͷ­߸߷
һ³ǵܣһʵѾﵽء
ͷ­īһն£ϸ죬һ˫ۻɵϴе˷ܣȻ
ȻλصǿߣûаѳīǸûԼڳīϡ
һ쾳Ĵܣһ棬㱻նȥͷ­˻Ǹоһ䣬ֲ˼ĸо
ڳȺˣ뿪Ĳֻ࣬ôʮˣ֮󣬾Źȥ
Ĵɵˣȫ
ոմĴһѩԼСѾŮڸһȺս
˵һȺˣһ㶼ţʮˣŮΧ
ɺһˣƺҪȥæȴĹ³ǺԼ˸ס
ɺɽԼ졢ͨɡЩɣվ˹³Ǻı󣬸ǳΪһӪ
½ĳƺһֱԥӺ⼸꣬Ѿվ˹³ǸӪС
Ԫɵˣûһĺ档
ЩСɣǴ󲿷ֶñȽԶž裬ڿ֡
īͻƋOʱȻģǰҲͲ˰ʱ䡣ôʱ䣬Ⱥ˾ȻѾֺӪʼ˶š
һ³ǵǿߣһϢĿһͷߵˣЦǺܺãҪһ·ߵǰɣԭΪǾ㲻һҲᱣû뵽ǾȻ޷˵ѡվǵĶϡǣָʤɣ
ɵһȺˣͻʸŴˣ֪վǡ


488 
īĳ֣˲ʹ˽֡
һնһ³ǵǿ֮߸쾳ǿߣֱ
ƋOʱҲŭˣˮһ˦ͬѷĳֱӭǿߡ
սȻ
īߣԴơǵ̫ˣ
ǾȻ˺ȻֱչսҲ˺ܶ˵Ԥϡ
ɱй³ǵǿŭ
ۣ
ī䣬ֱӽǿΪ롣
һɱĻ֮䣬ˣȴѾˡ
ڶǿУīٱʲô׵Ľһʩչ
ǧ֣ͬīͬʱսһ㣬ڤ˵ȭŲȻӰ粽ͬһɱ
գۼ䣬ڳīϡ
ʣµЩˣЩˣȫ벻īȻ˹һڣ˿·磬һޱȾ׼ҵԷ㣬նɱ
ȻЩҲڳī˴ССʮ˿ڣȻīϣҲѪǹ޵еƣֱסˡ
һյĹΧڳīߵˣѾԽԽ١
īսķΧȴԽԽ
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˭ʱЩѾЩԷˡ
ɵˣĿɿڴĿһĻױˡ
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ȥ
ܶ࿴һĻˣȫŵˡ
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÷ɵƋOǰƋOžµϣûа飬̧־һƣĲӬһֱڷӵԴ档
ž
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飡
ڲظȻؿֱըһ޴Ŀ
Ѫɣ˲ȥ
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쾳ǿߣƴһ¡ϧǣȻţվ졣
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䣡
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ǡȻֱӹ˹
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ȴû뵽һͷɣȻ˸ɴվ˳īߡ
һֱûжֵȫޱȵѿ
ȻŭһܺãеĶԹһ˽ˣ˵ţޱۻƣ˳кȻ
ǹǿԼѾ޵ˡ
ֱ˻ƋO
ȼɱ
УͬһɸѪȻֱӳһ˹ȥ
ŮˣԭӦģȴصĸųīסȻɱ˳īһҪ֪Լ
ͻȻ䱬Ѫѳīһ
ƋOߵûʲôӾ˵ƋOѾǵڶΡվ۷塣
ȻǿѪվûܳԽľ硣
һͲһˣû쾳磡
ˣ˹ȥ˲䣬һǱֱӾͳ顣
ͼһǰŮӣֱӱķɳȥѪڰоʧȥ
ʦ㣡
һﱯʹ
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īһŭ˲ͻƼ˵Χֱͬһͷͻ
Ϳ㲻˳ۣȵ̧־һơ
ǹųīֹ
ī̧־һ
նǣ


489 ֮
һĵѪ⣬˳߱б
Ѿ¶ޱһ棡
һīողһ㶫ûȫ侫裬˵ȴޱ׺һ
ԭѪ֪ΪΣ˲һͣ·𱻳īһѹסһ㣬ֱ嵹ȥ

ոͷ㷢һ֮ľӲȥһĿƣҲ˲
ۣ
һѪ˳Ŀ˶ҡҡ׹
񾪺Ŀһ۳īתߣ
ī׷ȥ׽Ŀǿߣ˲Ϯ
ϣ
߱췢īһﻤȻȺ˲һ
ƣѾһ浹Ȼ˸ı䡣
ųīԽսԽ£룬³Ǻߡʼֳơ
Ȼ¿ȥûʲô̫⣬ʱһƽ᳹׵īߣ
ôôԶΧ۵̲סȻľ̾
һΡ³Ǻ⣬ҪԴ
ǰѾ˲ˣīսȻûаļ󣡡
⻹š
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ˣΪʲôĴƿعô꣬Ȼ޷档һأһʮĴ֮أ
ߵˣҲΪʲôīǽ
֮ǰ滹Щ뷨óīе̫ΪǣҲе̫ǡˣ˼ΪǺð
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ҲȫǸȻһס
ţûˣ
أأҪȥҪȥ˷ĳ嵽ǸطƴѰңȴһ񣬷·Ǹطûйʲôš
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ո˵ĴɵЦԴ޲ܶɼҪΪʲôҪ
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ĴɵĵĿȺˣȻ˵Ҫ;ŰɣףǺˣ˵ţͷҲصǰȥ
ǱߵսЩסˣȫ
īʱѾǻԡѪǱ˵ģԼȻҲˣȴء
ʱѾɹĺͻƋOһѩԼСѾһͷɵ˻һ
ĴһΪһͷߣֶһī
˳Ǳ߽Щֲסˡ
ֻ˻ƋOȴûܽնɱ񱻳īס˲ϵķȴ޼ƿʩ
󣬹³ǺߣЩ־ˣƸ֮ǰݺԤȫһ
֮ǰѩһͻСѾ⼸Ů˴Żīôû뵽һͷɾȻ˾ֱӾվ˳īߡ
ʹ֮ǰ̶õЩֶΣȫ˰衣
ٴȥĻֻԽԽпܳױˡ
һŭڷսŹȥͬʱī黹ûꡭɱ㣡
ʲôֽŴ򣡡īֱӴ
һģҪѪĸоޱȱơĺתͷīȥīʬΡ
ȴֶΣ޷κζԷ
̫磡ԽԽԶ
³Ǻˣʼ׷ķȥ
ò˵³Ǻߵ൱ǿġʮµǿߣЩˣŲμŴᣬȴǳ͵
¶汾죬𾪡
ûһͷߵİæīôǿҲԳ׵ĻԷ
սڽˡ
Ƭսϣ˼ʮʬ塣
ŨŨѪζƮɢؼ䡣


490 ε
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СѾȻҲǴֵģֻͬҲܲˣͺˣݺݵһĸף裬˵ʲôأ
طҲһӣȴװʲôûӣЦеĿųīҲ룬Ȼ᲻ãǳԼŮҲ治
ҲȫĿŻһߵ˶ٻõ㣬֪ǸʲôӡߵĺܶˣɾЩˡ
Ĵɺų֦ͬ˴˼źĹϵʵϣҲбġ
˵һͷ֮䣬ߵľͽһЩ³Ǻ֮䣬ߵҪһЩ
÷߲еˬƾʲôҪīúöԴﰡ޸ģǵһﻹû˵أ
ЩҲС˼ˣҲû˻ֱӱ
īֻܸЦҸСѣԺСʲô飬ҿ϶岻ݴǡ
˵ôָԺҾһȫܲΧһ˵һ䡣
ȿȡط̲סӣȾѾ챬Ů
Ǻǡī֪˵ʲôãֻܼЦ
Ǳ߻СѾҲ̲סˣŭŻѾͷëˣҲˣʾܷŭ
Ѿͷô˵أµĵһۻСѾȴʶôĳѾͷ㲻֪Ǹڻϴգڵʲô˼ҷ磬ȥǧѰ
ʱ򣬷߼Ů߹һһĴʦ㣬Ф
ʮңĸƤ𪣬һʮָ߹۽Ȼмβƣȴƾ˼ֳ
īγ֮ǰžͷԸҪڹбİȫԣ͸һ߰ɡФЩ䣬ȴĮƺӡ
ǱߵĻ˵Ǹһɣ
ǰҿһɡФȻ࣬˵ıȴһˣԻﵹҲ
룬ʵѳīȡȻ˦ɵˣҲףⲻµʱ򡣱𿴹³Ǻʱˣ˭֪ⳡսû
⣬Ÿոտʼѡ
ðɣǾһɣīΣ￴һ۳ī
īԭǴһ뿪ģΣķīȴûжôη塣
ϣŲܿеΣղѡ
ڣȴıˡ
һͷûȻˣʹһˡ
һͷɵЩˣڻ֪īһߣʵջģȴԼ
Ʊǡ
ڳīȺ˴뿪ʱǱɵܿͻȻЩ˼߹ԥһ£ܴһ𣿡
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ôڿӵˣְͰ͵Ĵչ£ֺ¶
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ҲãһǱҲãȫϷ
³Ǻ⿴ģ
ɡȴǴһɵȱɣ
Ѿõ˳ī꣬ȴڹؼʱ̣
ƾȻԲѺȴ޷޲
īԥһ£ЦЦ˵Σķ̸ϴԸţһɡ
ܿԭʮóīʮа˾Ųͬ⣬ܵıĿ⣬ͷƤЩ顣û뵽ǣīȻӦˡ
ܿûӦֱīЦЦı飬Żæȭʩ񣺡л¡л
˵ţԼЩ˵ȥˣڨڨ˻ȥ
ЩɵˣҲܲܡ֪¹ֲ˼ҳӣҪֻ֣ܹԼɵЩĿǳ
ɺһڸոյսУûԱֻһЩأ֮󣬶ûΣգ̧ͬš
ҪڳīɵģƋOҲɱ˲ˡ
ģЩͶ˹³Ǻɵӡ
糤ķӡԼ͡Գī֣īͲȥ鷳
ĳȻûɳīѾɳΪ찿ӥӡȴȻǵϵֻȸ
鷳Գī˵Ѿһݵˡ
³ӣ쾳ģľĸȴ쾳磬һľġ
Թ³Ǻ˵ʵѾʮֲصʧˡ
ǱǸԵ֪»衣


491 
棬Եĸ粻ͬīĵطһ޴ϿȵײߣȫǸƵľ޴¡
ȻвĴӹȵһֱ¶ϡҲ˵˳Щֱɽȥ
û˸ֳԣطʵ̫ˣ޷Σ
˵ոսʱЩ뿪СɵӣЩƾվʧǣֻһҽСЩţͻȻˡȫûһ˿Ҳ˸еëȻ
ˣһͷЩˣҲȫʮֽֽĳ̶ȣȶԹޱİЩˣй֮޲
ΪǸطͲʲôСɣˡȫƽȵģ
Щƺȫǳųīȫڵ⣬ıߡ
ī¶ЦŻФˣĴɡԹӦЩ˽ɣ
˵ʲô˽⣿ĴɵܴӹŻˣȫ˹ʺˣٽһΣǴٽ
⻰˵ĺȴû˷Ϊ˵ʵ
ʲôôȥǶûܶԹһ˽⣿īоʵЩš
㵱ʲôط￴һ۳īܹ뿪Ҫллˣ˵˽⣿ǺǣЦɡ
Фͷӹ˵ǰǷһǰ뿪Ҵһֹλǰ˵棬һһݣɱˣңܶʱ򣬸ڲ֪оˡʱܹ뿪Ҫԭһֻ·
·īȻеĲʵĵѵУҲе岻ɣ
뻹ֿܣΪ浱һǣ䵽˽磬ߺܶء
ţīɿһ߰ĻƋOҲǴ߳ģ֪˿̻ص᲻һЩĸӦţ
ƋOһ۳īƺãһڲϵٻҡ
˽һ㶣ƋOĿ⣬ȫ𾪡
˵Ѻʹţûκ壬ˣЩ˵𾪣ܿͱĽ
оٻ˵棬ĻԵ
ڳ֪ƋOԪ޵ˣûм֮ǰͶԻƋOݸе档
ĴɣᣬȴӵſֲʵƫƫԳīأһһӡ֪ģΪǳīߵһͨѾߡ
Щ˶ԻƋOӺˡ
λ֪ôƺɵФŻƋO¶⶯֮ɫܶЩƋOĵӣǸöã
ƋOФ΢΢һЦ˵ҽлƋO
Ǹ֮ŮФԻƋO͡
īȴ氵Ц֪䣬öĻǷ˷Ƶĸ˵أ
㷨ȫͬ
ȫһĽĿŻƋOҲֱ˵ƹǻԵˣ
ƋOʱ򣬿һ۳ī
īӻƋOУ˺ܶණЦȻȥɣԼעⰲȫ
ƋOȻһЦҲ˼ĵطԶڳκ˶ҪϤԣȫûʲô־ġڳ΢΢һЦƋOһһ˹ȥգۼ䣬ʧھ޴ޱȵڵС
һˡôФƺЩġ
૵һصѾͷ
īûͣˣֱɽȥ³ǺЩˣߵȫ෴ķ򡣱ۡ
û߳ԶͿмʬ·룬ס˵ȥ·
Ƿܿ⼸ˣȫŴеɵĵӣַǳġ
ܹսǰһģԲ˵ģģľʵ
ڣȴʬڴˣĺ
ڳЩУʮȻؿѹһʯͷһǳĳء
˰ɡФЩ̵˵ô˵Ƕǵͬ塣
ǰǾʬҰ̫áҲ̾Ϣһ
īȴֹҪǰɵӣüͷ𶯡
Ǳ߼׼ǰķɺһĵӣȫĿЩĿųīƺóīе㡭顣
īüͷûǼ˹Ŀ⣬˺󡣡
Ǽɺһĵӣ΢΢ü˻ϵĲ֮ɫȴøˡ
īФҲóīЩˣųī˵ʲôȴȻ俴īеһ
˶īľٶһʶģȥ
ϣ
һӵľ죬Ȼ
īŵŵšֱʮɫǺ죬۵һһѪɫ˲԰
ʱߵˣڿһֻϣڳīովĵطڵıϣһİɫۼ
ǳīոһն棬µĺۼ


492 
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ȫ̲סһ¶ޱȺȻĹâ
޷һֻͨϣȻһóīѪ
īĵжڳЩȻûرϸ˽֪Ǿһ
Ƕ֪īʦ磬˶²⣬īѵӦʦġ
Ͻ
նֻϵϣȻ֪һİɫۼֱ̫˼ˣ
ֻϣڵ֮󣬲ûٴζԳīƺҲеɵī
һѩæīߣеĿųī
СѾƺҲһѩȥˣ촽վûصĹ֮ɫȴһ㶼١
īڰ֣û¡
֮ǰǼҪȥʬһͷɵĵӣЩɵˣĿɿڴվ¡
Фͻȫһɫ˳ī
˭뵽һֻ֥СϣȻֲ˹
ظȳīѣȫȥ
ҲЩףΪʲôЩ˲֪ˣҪϸɵģһ˻עⲻ
ī߱죬ٴеĿֻϣͬҲڷĴͨһ¡
Ϊʲôôֲ
Ϊʲôˣûܹųȥģ
ԭܼ򵥣Ϊŵ飬ȫ磡
īڻУ飬ȫӵľʵڻУȴѽߵʵֳ
ڽıӻ֮£īڻУһǿĻһʱģܸЩ򽻵
ˣڳīǱʶ棬ûʶ龿жΣա
治һ
һһľһ飬ȫ飡
ǻûлЩޣֻҪﵽ𵤡ԪӤľ磬Զֿܵˡ
ֻϣûôߵľ磬ȴҲӦôﵽ۷ʵ
īȻȫ֮£ܻɱʿֻǿǿӵŽļ׿ǣ
ո֮ѪΪһնȥķԼԼ
ҲˣֻûҲܵ˳īǿ󣬸ոֿµĹҲ²ѣٳһΡ
ҲԸΪУ߰ɡīֻϣ˵
ſûīĻһ
֪ҵĻī˵㻹Ǿǲˡ
ȫЩĿ͵ĿųīȻ֪߽Ԫ̺ܸߣȴôһֻССϣҲԹͨ
𾪵ǣֻϣڳī˵仰֮΢ԥһ£Ȼ󡭡תͷˣ
ȥƺĲ죬գۼ䣬ʧӰ
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վѾ˽磬Ҳѳǿƥ飬ȻĻЩˣͲǿһͷء
ʱ򣬳īǰһ˼ӣǼ˵ʬ壬ŵ
ʶЩˣ˵ڹҲûҪʲôġ
·ԼѡģȻѡ˽棬ǾҪʱȥ׼
һУīվ֣ٴοˡ
һڣ˵ɫЩ԰ס
СѾҲʧȥ֮ǰĻãʵϡʲôôǿ󣿡
īЦЦ棬˵һǣ䵽˽磬棬ûرǿ飬϶һЩԭ飬һ䵽˽硣Уܲʲô˽˵ȴ㹻ֲˡ
硭ϣֵطһֱΪ˽֮󣬾ͿԽ뵽ߵǸ磬ڲ֪Фɫ԰׵
Щˣ֮ǰλֲĴ֪˸Ķ˿īȴǸӹ졣
棬Щˣȴң˵еǣûλֲ˵ĻΪʹӡ
īϡͬܶడ
и̾һһԵŮ뵽ƾŮϵպҲٲԼŮĺô
һ壬߶ˣ
˼ǰߵĺַ֮߳˼ʬ塣
ȫԽԽĬ
ӣЩڳīߵ֮⣬ЩСɵŵӣ¶⡣
Щˣ̾Ϣһ֮⣬ʲôˡ
Ϊһֻ϶򲻹
Щվ˽۷ǣһַĵ׵С
ҲܴЩˣһֱֻǾ׵һȺܣ졭ֻô
εҲȺ˵ǰһոµš


493 ҩ
·;УīŲĲʾɹıܿ˺ܶ顣
Ⱥ˽ҲˣīƺܱܿΣյĵطһ·ϣ˶ն
һЩϡеĿʯֱӳڵϣмһ飬ͻȻ̺ŴûЩ˶ʱ˷
֪ЩֻҪӵУԴǿȡ
īϵǰѵǿѾ˺ܾˡ
Щ̺ϡнĿʯкܶҩġ
ԭҩƣҩĵʶԶֻϡ
ЩҩȻ඼ϵãҩվͨģԺܿͷֱʮҩġ
ФһϲĿһɵӸողɼһҩ˵ҩĵҩԣԪĻʮֽӽҩȴȻǿٱϣһҩģٿƳһǧԪ⡭Ǿ˵ĲƸ
ЩһȻҩȴԪļֵ˲ɵ۾һӲӵġ
ȻһЩӣҲȫʼɿռҩվǲɵô
Фųīӣĺܸм㣬ȻͷҩƳṩƮ칬ʹã
ǸСĳŵԪֻĴвܼĵҩѸٵĲԪȻûԪʯĶ࣬ȴʤڳɱԪʯͺܶࡣǿƳġԪʯⶫȴһһ顣
һ죬ϵһԪʯҲᱻľԪͬɵҩ԰棬ȫֲſԪҩģϢġ
īЦЦҲûоֻܾ˵ФʦҲ˿ⶼԼõĶ
Фȴҡҡͷһ˵гӴǣôлõЩ˵Ƿɣ֪ͼģ
Ǳ߻ι⻰һ˲֪ͼ˵ţԳī˵ȻͷƳϺõı͸Ʈ칬һٰѣ
˵ţФһСŮһ
Ф΢΢һЦǰ塭
һǰеû󷭰ۣȴ޿κΣֻܱȥФˡ
ļʱīˣ߳Ǹ޴Ͽȣ뵽һƬɽɽȫǹͺͺģֲ档
ҲûʲôΣգȴ¡
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طҲһͨĵطԳһЩĹ飬Ҳ
ڶ£һУڵϼһƴƣȻҲʧˡ
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īЩûӦ
˵ʧ֧һӰǵЩ䡣
ȻīһûΣֱʧ١ô
ûֹʧٵЩˣÿˡƬɽõԼĻԵ
ҪôѰȼߵĿʯֿʯ΢еˣֻƾ۾ֵܿԸߵ
Ҫôҵ˸߼ҩġ
ƬɽͺͺģƺܻʵϣطҩĲ١оˣҵõ
úطФЩ˵Ļ˵ǣЩʯҩģǳɹȥı˽ĸ֣
ЩֻСջѡ
лԵˣõջ
ѩҵһƾɵͭ¯ȥǳƣҵʱ򣬻ѩָѩѪ档
Ϊ˭ûСƵͭ¯ͻȻ⻪ʢ˲䱬ǵâǿʱŵˡ
ѩٳֵʲô⣬Ǹһһʧ١
ãͭ¯ϵǵâܿʧˡȻͭ¯Ҳʧˡ
ֵʱѩȴͭ¯ֱٻ˳
ʲô˵ˡ϶һ

ѩߴңͭ¯嵱еʱһƪģҲ֮ԺС
һ¯ҩͭ¯һƪģšһƪΪҩľģţҩйأйءʲôҩѩЩãȻĿųīӳīĽ͡
ǱߵФЩ𾪵ĵҩĪǡȸͭҩйأ
ī̲סһЦͭҩʲô


494 
ҪһҪݺݵĵˣΪͭҩƮ칬֮
ôıҲվֻǾ˽硣
ѩеõͭ¯ȴƪģīѾԶ϶ǾĳλʿµĴУ
ңģ
ȻĻиƵĵ¯ȴʲôҩ
̫ˣǷɡԺͿԳһҩˣФȻЩĽСʦõģȴΪѩеġ
СѾһЦɲǷɣƮ칬ɣ
ФＸλ򰵵Ľ棬Ϊֵԭ򣬻˵㰵ûСѾлᱨһ£ȻŹ
Ф̲ס˸ۣСѾֻһСŮӣȴͬҪе㲻˼Щᵽ˻ĸܡ
ʵҲǻ࿪Цѣ˭Ҳû̫档
ѩõⳡԵȺ˶˷ķΧҲ˺ܶࡣ
Ҳ֮
Ϊīǵıķÿһ䶼չ˵
ɵĵӣֱӱĳ޷ɱǰƺǳʹ࣬Ťˡ
ʬ壬īЩ
ߣν˵УϤģҲֻܿһˣˣʲôҲֻܸܿ˵
ܿϣҲںޡ
Щ죬ǸȺ˵󣬾ܴܲҲȷõ˲ٵĺô
Ȼû˵õԵЩʯҩİǶõ˲١ͷ
ҲΪԭ򣬲ʹɵȺӣЩ
Ȼ֪Ϊīǲûܵκι˵ľ񡭡ܻΪԭиġ
ôȥˣʧ֮⣬Ƕûܵκι
Щ˵棬ģͻֽҵ˼
ƬɽһۿԿȥ
Ҳûֲֿ֣֮ɵЩӣԭͲ뿿ɺһ̫뱻ñĵĿ⿴šЩи֮£ߵԶһЩ
ܿһʼҲЩͬţɵĵλʵôλߵģһء
ҲһīϤǿЩΪ˻ˣҪٸҹָֻţ϶˶ʺޡ
ܿǸˣȻˣЩԽԽԶͬţֻǲ۲˼䣬ĳˡ
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īڰ֣ϸĴ˼ѾɵӣȻųעɣƬɽûΣա
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֮ǰҲҪѰҷΧΪǶЩѩľ޴Ե̼ˡ
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ȫͣ飬ԾĿվһСɽĻСѾ˫һʲôƴһΡ
̫ˡקīīīңʹ㣬ҼСѾųī
ȫһı飬˵ܿڸʲôҪָֻ뵽Ķȥء㼱ʲô
īʼ磬ܿСѾߣһȴһĽɽʯͷ棬ʱЩĵ˵ѵΪطǱ
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ֽǣһѸ˵
СѾСеģһӣ
ôͲǱˣ㿴ѩǸƵͭ¯ǱأôͲǱˣСѾһȻĿųīУ˵Ҳ֮أôһصĵطȴһ˽綼ö㲻ú𣿡
īʱס˵ƺСѾ˵ģЩ
ҪָŪƣѪԣīŻСѾεĽ
ôԣСѾըëĿųī
ҪˣһǱͳҵôīǳ鴤Ž͡
СѾתת¶ģһı飺ǼѪôˣ


495 
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ˡȫһŵעš
һϢ
Ϣ
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۰Ͱ͵ĵʮʱȥǰû˿Ӧ
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īȫһı飬˵Ҳִ̫˵ɣ
ˣСѾﹾţݺݵһĽ
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ʱͻ
ǰԭʯͷУƾСѾþȫҲקȻˣ
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ˣСѾ˫鶯ӣѽϣЩŵĿһߵˡ
ǶˡһһĵЩȷ˵
϶Ƕˣҿһһĵʮƶ˵
СѾʱҲôˣһ֣סһ

һЩɬĦ֮ѽȻСѾ˳
קˣСѾЦŻȫ̸κƷһϲ
ڳЩȫһҲ̶õı顣
̲ס˸ۣ˵ҹŮҲʶ
СѾٺٹĻ˼֮ԼҲоԼ񾭲һ죬һѽеһߣҰһ۳ī㻹Ц
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СѾ˵˵ţͻȻ䷢˵ı飬Ҳȫīһһ𾪡
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498 
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499 
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ڳīʧڳһ˲䣬ѩͻȻðվ﷢Ķ˵㣬ͷī鷳Һܰȫ
˵꣬ѩΣҴʧ


500 ܿѡ
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501 ̰
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ʱһɵĵӣҲ˵ңҲҪ뿪
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仰ո˵ڣͼţ˲γһѹ⽣ֱӴ˵šɵĵӣһʵѾﵽľ۷壬Уżߵݺ͵λ
ڴ˿̣γɵĹ⽣ȴûκηֱӴ̴š
ѹ⽣ɢڿС
ɵĵӣĴͷһԼؿڣһֱӵûܷһ˿ȥˡ
һ˵ʵֻǵʯôһ˲䡣
ܶûп׷ʲôһоѾ
īֻҡͷ̾ϢǸԼɵӣ֪˵ʲôá
طһλ˲õĴôһˣ϶㲻ϣҲҺҿЦԼ
Ҫԣǹ档īĬһ£̾һ
˴ʱҲо˿־壬֮ǰȻҲĿȴûĸոɵӵǴ𺳸ǿҡ
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ܶˣʱһ⻹ǵһӹ߳ˡ
ЩĴɵˣʱ궯ǻΪԼ˴ˡ
֮ܿĴɵЩ˷Լʶˡûܽܿʦͨһϲغ
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ܿȻӹлųˣһǵһģͨ棬ʱޱɣϲãʤһУ
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ǱͨɫʱЩѿǿƵĴɣҲҷֻܿļ̾Ϣóɡ
šܿҲû̫෴˼ڹеõЩϡнʯҩȫ˳
ʱһȺΧ˵ϣȫ֮ɫ
Щϳмֽʯҩģʱķ̾
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ǾȻֻϲһ˳򣬵ֵȴϵ¡
ȻҲֵǮеĸ߼ҲͨõȻʦҲûа취ͨó
ڶʱ򣬼һƷʣٿһƷף
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һЩĴеʦҲϳЩҩľʲôⲢǷҩĵļֵ
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һһ°ϵĺ룬һ߸пĵ۾ȴ¶̰Ĺâ
Щ˵ı飬Ҳ٣ɺһϱ
Щ޼֮ʲôֻɡǶ£


502 ǿӲ
ֻǡվڼΪɵˣ飬Ȼ뼫ˣĺ˼˵ڣϾͷݵλߵĴ
ԣõİ취öԷЩϽ
ԣһ³ǵ棬۾ɵ졣
ܹΪһŵģôǸ켸һ˲ô£氵Ⱥ޳ܵ϶
ȴ¶Ц˵λǰԼһ£Щļֵ
˶ʱȫ죬ܶ˵У¶ζı顣
֣˵û뵽ɵĵӣǳ˵һջһŴӹˣҲңͬʱҲܸмλǰܸλᣬԡ
³ǵΪԵãһЦɵţŻͦ˳۵ġ
ЩĴ֮µˣ˼Ŀ⣬Щӡ
вмҲеǡ
Ǻ콫еĶȫ׳ȥĻɵĵӳǸô죿
ʱٴδΪ˱ʾжλǰĸм֮飬Ҵ㣬óĳ棡һɣɶλǰлˣ
仰һ˵꣬ڳˣӦͬ
Ĵߣܶ˵ɫ˲䶼λ³ǵ棬ɫѿֱϷˣĸоĿУɭ䡣
Ĵ֮µЩˣȫǳһ
Ȼóһɣۣվȫ׳ȥĺá
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쵭˵ǰģȻˮƽûôߣҪЩǴ´ġ
Ǻǣ˵ģǾͿϧˡ³ǵϱĿ죺ܶʱǿܸˡ
ҲŭˣȻ֪Ĵɵǿ󣬵ֱ۸ҵĸоʵ̫ơɵÿһ۳ЩɣаڿЦͷǵеӻųˣô죡
ʧǣҲáҲգЩͬһȼɣɺɽŵˣȫܿĿ⡣
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뵽īʱǸ飬жʱĪһɺ˵īһˣĴɶη壬µΪʲôҪ㣿
³ôǿѵܽɸ˲ɣ
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ҲٿһۣУѾ̡
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ʵܿЩļֵҲǸ˲õˡܹĴеϱʧֵ̬֪
ͨɫȻѿţҲʮΡǸλϣҲֻӲЭǰһǹˣպɵһǧɣ
ͨ棬ͻȻЩųīڹУܰĴЩˣȫڹС
ãһ
ʱͻȻʵǸӣ˵˵𣿡
Ҳ⣬ȫܿ
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ܿһ˫˫۾Ȼ˵ҸûԶֻڴҵЩȴĿ˺ܶĪʧ١
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ȰȻкôߵʦĪ˵ôһ䡣
ͨ˲˺ܶ飬ܿļ򣺡ʦΪ١


503 
ʱУż³ǵĵӣһˮ̶ϡ
⼸ˣڣȫڣͷ棬ͬؤһ
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ֻϧԱ֮󣬾ʣ⼸ˡ
ûʲôͻȻʧֻͻȻ
Ӱʱ޿̵Ⱥ˵ͷ
֪һͷǱߵ϶ȫ޷ţ
ڣףΪʲôӹлŻǰ˵һرˡһ³ǵ̾ϢǵõЩֻڴ˵еϡн洦ɼֻϧ񣬵ȴѽǴȥˡ
Ͷ˶˵Ҫôǻϣ֮Ļһ´ҵɻߣȴǺ˵ڡ
ľһأûκϣ
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Σ³ǵźһϱҲûдӦ
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ʱһߵʮ꣬ͻȻ䷢һУȻһֱӵڵϡ
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ˣԸ̳ҵ²Ϊҵĵӣ
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Ѿױϲó֪ԼĻԵˣ
λˣûƭԼ
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񣬴еĹ̡ܻеʹ࣬ҪסǹɱٴδԺС
ģܼסģ˵ɣѾ׼ˣ
䣡
һɱ˲뵽ȫſ嵱С
˫ԭϲõӣɲǼ䡭һƬãȻ


504 ħ
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ø֮ǰûһ˿֮ͬ
䡢Ѫɱ
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̧֣൱ɬһǣȻЩ΢ĿһֱϵѪ
ǹһĨЦݣȻͷһֱϵѪ
̣ޱȵĹ졣
Ȼ˵³ɵ᳤ϣһѪ١е˼û뵽羹Ȼħ˹ˡҪɱһгīˣ˽磬ȻܹŭħĴܣٺٺ١Ѫһζ
˵Ȼһ޶κһϤ϶
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Ҳһߵȫ⣬˲⣬ȻһһҵСʵϣڵңڵңһǽ֮
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Ϊˣʲô֪Ҳʲôܲˡڵ
궼Ҫ˺ѵĸо˲䷢衣
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ڶ̶̵ʱȻεҪˣһɲʵȴ֧žԵѡ
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תѣĳ˿о岻ʲôطᶯһ£ޱȴʹ
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˵ţǿʹ࣬ӵȻ˺ȻٺЦʲôдСŽдУٺ١ЩˣӦöǸҲɣ˭һսʤֲĴڣЩУױԼأ
˵ţţӵվַҵǽڣ˼ִӻͳŵҩϢһ֮˵ľ񣬱˺ܶࡣ
ǣ¶һĨаȵЦݣ׹ǸʲôطˣҲٲκοֲҡΪҡѾһԱ̲סЦ˼
۾ٴαһƋOѩСѾǶҵģīģ
˵ţһ֣һֵӡǰңͻȻͿˡ
ɵǣԱߵţҲͬһʱ䣬򿪡
Σ߳
˵Ŀ⣬˲ϡ
Ŀ¶̽Ѱ֮ɫһĨı䡣
һëͬкܶûء
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ٺЦ˼Ҳ໰תߡ
ںֻСҵģ
ĽŲͣ£ûͷ˵ҪǼСѾͷгī
СѾͷ㣬ī˭˭ģ˵
ǾԿ˵ţͷҲصǰȥȴһƬ䣬֪϶ˣȫõǸ˾ʵļ䣬ոտ϶ᱻԣڲ뿿Է̫
ôҪ飬Ȼ뿪棬Ժ飬Ժ˵
ʱ򣬱λëͬٴ𣺡뿪棬
񡣡˲ӻ


505 
ī˿̣һƬż
һƬޱȲƵżѾ׸õˣֻƾһжϳӦһ
īҲ֪Լôҵġ
ܿ뿪֮󣬻ͺطԼФˣõ˻ԵʧӰ
ȻδĲڸ˳īһʾ
īûٴˣѡһˣȥ
ǰīְȺˣؿϰİȫΧҲֻЩˣ御ˡ
ЩһͷɵĵӣҲʾ⣬ϾīǷʲô
ʣµļɵӣīҪ뿪ȻвԸȴҲû˼ɡʵϣţҲû취
Ϊīֻǰ߳ʮ֮αͻȻʧˡ
ī֪ǣ뿪֮ûã֮ǰЩȫ򣬾ͳɱ
ЩûеõκλԵˣɵӣһͷɵĵӣȫӶȥûһܹ
Ҳֻеǰһ̣Щ˲ף֮һֱܹȫĻţȫΪīĴڡīˣȻû
Ҳֱһ̣ǲͻȻޱȵĽǸܿ
˵īȫ֪Щ֪ԼָطҪʲô
Ϊ֮󣬲ȫûһ㶯ʲôʾûˡ
īﹾţʲô˼
˵ţīȻоǰķУƺе㶯
ţһ޴ޱȵĶͻȻģǷֱ˳
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ֱ˵ʮ֮һƬɽµ£Ȼ󶨾ۿ
һʮɸߵľ޴ãӸͷô࣬ôгʮɸߵˣɴȴɡ
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ΪʲôīʵҲɡ
ʱֻǰĴãͻȻһ£ֱԶȻʼԼ
īʼЦſţֱӴסˣ
ΪĲǱģǧ֡ȭԼڤ˵
ţ˵һĻ֡


506 
õĽ£ȻŻӰ粽Ϊ̫ߴĶֲ죬ڿȥƺЩ׾
ġٶԽԽ죡
īЩˣһʼΪҪԼ
ٶԽԽ죬īޱ𾪵ķ֣Ӱ粽ǧ֡ȭԼڤ˵ִķʽÿһ֣гֳȥǿ
Ҫڵĳīǿ֪֡
ಣ
һֱ˻ȻָָīָָԼ֧ظƺҪóīġ˺ġ
īһ߱컺ĳһ߱죬ʱѿ죬ĵЦƺеǳο
ţīʼ̽ԵģŴ÷˹
Ȼ߳УǱߴÿʼ˲УõġǸīһģһĹȴȳī˲֪ж١
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˵ģīЩԼһĸ첲ˡ߱ķ
ϣ
һӵľ졣
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ڤ˵ĵڶ
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ī壬Ѿն߱ϣȻ䱬һȵɱ
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ݺն˴õͷֱۡ
һͨʿײеһҲԲӲ⡣
öʱѿͣƺܿġ
䣡
һݺնֱ۹ϡ
īоһɰ˲Ӵͷֱϴֱӽ嵯ɳȥ
һΣ֪ΪΣȴûѪӿĸоǸоһֺ죡
еǹɺܾûзڹս⣬Ѫӿ
սīһָá
վһ֣ȻһЩľٶųī˹ָ
һ˺һãֱսһ
ƬԭͲƵķ棬ܿ죬øƾɡ
õսɼֱḻ˼£ŸīһģһʽֳȴޱȾ޴
˫һһʱʱĳīͷ󺹣۾ȴޱ
ΪڲϵսУӴϣѧ֮ǰ붼ս飡
īԭԼսѾǺܷḻڻУͬĽڴۻܣԴˣīһֱЩԵõġ
ɽߴãԼ̫ˣ
ǴùĸսĻ˫ͬʱ򣬳īʮжŲ
ī֪õ֪ΪʲôԼյľѧЩڶѾҪ
ʱȥīˣǴˮ̳һȫˮ͸ȴԽԽ˷ܡ֮ǰЩûв͸ĶŸõʵսҲһӱڻͨ
ڤ˵嵶ȻΪԭʩչȴѾ⵶е⡣
òϵĸīУȻЩʱֻרŵʾ
Ȼ˵Ȼī滹һ죬ȫ˽⡣ⲢīԼʦ
ʦ˭ϤĵĽ̵
ҵ
ò˵Ҳûκݸīȴȫ㡣
ʱȥеɫѾòֹͣ˸ī
ͬʱʾīͣ
Ȼ󣬴ߵһԣƬ̹򣬼һѸɲ񣬶ǣʾīš
īһߴã𺳣ʵ̫ˣൽĵزĸͷӣʵڲһ֮⣬īûøһʲô
˭ϲģ
ųīָһͽѸɲȼܻ𡣴úܿĵġֻͷצӣڻ棬
ī̲ס˸ۣоѾùˡ
˭أΪʲôһЩ᣿ѵǴ⹦ˣīŴãʵ


507 ʦ
˳īĻҡҡͷ
˭أīʵ侲Դõݣޱȵĺ档
ǵʦ괫ԼЩʱ˵һԶż棬õЩСΪħڵɣţħԼҲ׷ɱ
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ǹĴãָʦɽзֵǴżʲôϵأīܺ档
ָָԼտҲԴȻڰ֡
īǳ˳飬ҿɲûӡ
ЦЦ
һҹ޻
˵ڶ죬һͰѳīȻڿơ
ī˵鵶ϡ
öսһ
ʮʱ䣬ٹȥ
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Ҳÿ춼ŪһѸɲóīţȻ￾𷢴
īʵʱ䣬һ˻磬ʽ飬⵽ô¡룬ûô
ʮʱ䣬Ѿȫī֤ԳīûκεĶ⣬Գīô֪Լƾʧһ㣬īȴʲô飬ȥҽ
ҪԼɳһζȥˡ
öûж⣬ôֺαطҪִڴõأ
˵һ죬Լ֪ġ
ͨʮսīѧĶḻ
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īЩʽʲôģͬʱҲѧΣȴʩչЩʽġ񡱡
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ڴõҸ棬īȻڶУϡ
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ʦħɽУӵһ˵׷ɱѳ˵ħľ磬Ѿﵽ˴ڣпѾӽڡ
ȻĻɽУһѪȷ
ħʱľ磬ڤ˵Ҳֻ򵽵
ԣǰĴãǱħҪ߳ܶ࣬ңԼʦ֮䣬϶żԨԴ
ȻĻûа취ʹΪʲôЩǳīĻ׳棿ֲȡīļ䡣˵ЩڴʩչԶڳīʩչ
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īͨõս׽ǧֳ͸ˣϻӰ粽֮ʩչһžѧóīԾѡ
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ڸѧϰǧֺͻӰ粽ľ֮󣬹ٶȣٴο˺ܶ౶
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ʱַɿĹȥʮ죬ī뵽棬Ѿһµʱˡ
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īѾЩʱ䡣ÿõսڴ顣
ȻҲˣҲƣǹս⣬ȴø쾡£
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ĳ̶ֳ˵ȳīʦħҪ̫ࡣ

ʮ֮ǰĳڣͿʼϵ˳
ط硢ФкܶһͷУЩ˻Եĵӣȫڲʱ䣬
ֱ˵ĺ䶯
ЩĴɵˣǲϽʲôġ
֮һͷɵϱڵһʱ䣬Ǹߡ
³ǺȫˣͬʱҲеޱȵơǲ֪е׷ʲôΪʲôǵĵӣȻһųĶûС
һͷɣô˳ˣ
Ĵ֮ȻΪīֵúܲ죬վǿԹͨġ
֮ͨ󣬵õĴ𰸣ǸӵĸеƣѪĸо
ʲô˵Ⱥˣ֮󣬾һֱڳīǸС󡭡ȿȣڳīߣȻ󡭡ûκΣգһ³ǵ棬ɫĿźطʵ
ʸطô˵ΪӱȺط
طͷǰһֱڳߣӵ˺ǿ󣬸߷ǳȫ
³ǵںڵĿФˣҲǣ
ФĵͷԸ߳ܶ౲ֵĹ³棬ɵĵӣҲֱܱ顣
˵˵浽׷ʲôֻʲôԵ³ǵʵ


508 ˺Э
һ׷ŮӣҲ漶⻰ʱˣ˹³һۣ˵ʲôԵʲô飿
³ǵ΢΢һ漴Щ˵Ĵ֦ͬʲôУ˴˼䶼Ҫģ˵ʲô飿
Ǻǡɵİ׷ŮЦһǴǰ
ôǷɣҪ˺Э鲻ɣ³ǵЩˡ
˺Э飿ɵİ׷ŮӲмĿ˶Էһۣ⻰˵Ķʰ֮䣬ѾˣѾˣȻѾˣʲôЭԣ
㡭³ǵ汻ҭü˵ŭŶԷҪΪ˵仰𣡡
Ȼɵİ׷ŮҲһ콾ƢԻ𱬣ûΪµŶıԼƢĿλ³棺ͷǹ³ǵ˳ҲʲôеġֲҪ飬ǿɸɲ
һĿ棬ʱ߹ŷɵİ׷ŮӣҲô˵Ĵ֮䣬ʲôԹ⣬ҪԼﳳ֣˿Ц
ڳЩ˵УдˡЩȫԶԶվţͱյĽģȫҲ
ɵİ׷ŮЦһˣʵģĿޣһα
⻰Щ˰ɣ³ǵһŭĵ
㲻䣬ҽ˵ˣǷɣϲȺαӣôˣҧңɵİ׷ŮЦҶôߡЩ궼ʲô飬ԼһζϧȻôƷ˵֮ڻ̸ʲô
Ŀ棬ɫø࣬ŷɵİ׷Ůӣ̬ȡܴô
³ǵҲ߹ǷɣҪԾˣ
ޣһߣһֱ߳վڷɵİ׷ŮߣĿĿ͹³ǵ棺ϲҪҪ۸ˣĻܴܲɣҲ֪ҵĻȴԴһ
˵ţϣȻ䱬һĽ⣡
һ̣ͨ
ϣûκ˸СʵûκˣСһ˶ôɡ
ȿȡĿ棬һĵˣȱˣȹˣ֮˵ɡ
³ǵ棬΢΢һȻ滰˼
³ǺеӣȫڹУǾѹסһͷɣҲʧȥ塣
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һȫˣô³ҲãҲãȫԪˡʱ򣬾һͷҪǿսǶҽˡ
һܷĳͻŹ³Ǻߵ˲Ρ
е׷ʲô飬Щˣֵ׵ʲôôǣÿһ˵ġ
ֻһΣ˷ɺһ֮⣬ˡȴҲ֪ˡ
ΪһͷɣڸԵ˴ӹ֮ȫԼͬģѡ˷еϢ
˵ѩһȫ˲˼ĻԵɵİ׷ŮӣФϴżɫңûѡīվڶϣջǷԳī
Ф˵˵ϵһ³ǺĵӶûܳ˵һˡ
Ǿǣīϵˣǳ֮ǿ
ȻôͣߵˣϵԽܣڹջԽ
ǵģѩһҩͭ¯һƪҩѩԼ˵ƪģ˲ãФһǼһ֮˾ʧˣʱ֪Ǹǻ
һģɵİ׷ŮһᶨĵδߵģǡǷɳȥĵӣ
˵ţһԱߣһǳЦ˪ãǶԵģ
˪һ׷Ůʩ񣺡ǸʦһΪ˷ɵδ롣
׷Ůӵͷ¶ο֮ɫ
˵ģֻЩӹлŻӣѾ㹻ɵδˡ
η塣
ˣЩ˻ԵˣôģЩûлûԵĵǣôˣɵİ׷ŮӿФʵ
ФһãȻҲ֪ڻǷݴֱ֮ӾͱͳЩˡҲǸڳī߰ɣ
ЩڳīߵˣĻԵǳīôһ񣿡׷Ůӵϣ¶һĨǣǳīֲӵıķôһֱߣǳīڣֵΣ


509 󱯾˾
Ф˰죬ȻΣա֮ǰɵЩӣΪ˺üˡ
һɵϱҲһ׷Ůӣ̾˿˵ʦ㣬Щ˻ôôˣܻ߳һˣĻԵΡ׬ˡ
׷ŮϣҲ¶ЦⲻǡúǣܻŻô
һʱ䣬˼žС
ֹô룿˭ôأ
ʵȴǱпģΪǹ棡
ʮ֮ء
ͬʱһǱߣͺطеߡ
Ѿͷĵõ˴ԵǰȫģûƭңԻСѾǳģһֱͺϲ
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ĵͷȻһЩûлûԵĵأôˣ
⻰һڣطϣ¶˼ı顣
Ȼҡҡͷǲ֪
̾һˣЩ̫̰ˡ
ⲻ̰ģ˶ܻŻɵ˵
Ѿͷ˵ЦеĿһۻȻ̾һһΣһѾ׬ˣʱ򣬵ѾͷҲˣǾǳʤ
طһԵͷһɣ³ǺЩˣ¶ѻŻЩɽȥˣ⡣
طĻ࣬Լ࣬ͽڹеļ˵һ顣
ǸīԽ׽õĻԵԽ㣬Ҳ˵˳
һһߵͷ󣬳˵˵ī⺢ӣڲͬءҲգȻѾͷǣϲ⺢ӣǻͷһͰɡ
ԥһ£̡𣿡
ЦЦҾúʡ
УǾġҲЦ
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ǻڵȣһ̣Ƕ
֮ǰĴɵӽ뵽Уųӡ
ԣʱ仹磬ǻĵȴ
˵³ǺЩǣ涼ɣĶôùɽȥ˶ˣˣȴ϶

ɶ̷λ˸Ѫˣ
ңϣλµĻԱ֤ڹеİȫˡ

΢΢˫ĿƺڸӦʲô
ãŻ˫ۣϴ֮ɫ૵벻澹Ȼ⣬ѹ֡ĴɣôˣûܹŻȥġ⾹Ȼ䡭Щϴǵһأ
˾ʵȫ֮󣬾ЩѾ֪˺ܶ嶼֪
˾ʣеһӵܣͬУҲ׿֣ܵӺԸ߰ͬˣԼеֵͬܽãҲ൱̡
һʱ򣬱ֵͬƣǴյСҲøõһݹϵĴУǷݴУһħµġ
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˼ǧ֮ڳɹ̤ϵ֮·
ĳޣδǹڳɹ׵֮˾ʵһʱ䣬ѡ˻ص帴
ЩֵܣѾһȴû˽׳ɵˣ˾ǰûеֿ֮ȫɱ
Ҳˣ˾ŭĸ׺үү׷ɱ
վոս׵ûжãЩϱĶ֣ˣӽ˹С
ڹ湶Ӳдһֱûҳȥ
ֱӽԼΪ˾겻ɢһֱȴŶĻᡣ
Уˣв١
ڹ棬ȴһЩĴѡ¼ԣȻ˾ʣԹ˽⣬ҲرȥһЩط
Щط˲õˡ
еһս治֪ΪΣ磬䵽˽
˾ֵŶˣֱӾͱˡ
ǣµţԽԽڣ˽ˡ׵Ľ˺顣
˾һǸ󱯾硣
˵ȴˡ
֪Щ֮ΪԼ֮ǰľٶеЩ¡
ԭãԼɵ˾ʣͿڹкˣץǼƯŮӣ¯ڻ¡
ʱȴЩηˡ
Ͼ˾ʣǸΪĴܣֻһ쾳˽ߣʿ㲻ϵˡ
ˣŮﶼУˡҵǴӹг֮ȥǾǡ̫죬ʺϾһӡʼеĳֹ
һţǰ
˾ˣе㱾µġţһţ뿪˹档


510 ëͬ
Ϊѡ뿪а࣬Ǹɵ֪ԼĽ֪Ұĵطԥˡ
ӹлųȻˣȫϲ⡣Ŀᶼ
ô˵ǵ˴Żˡ
ңˣ
ôȺĿУţ
δҲ⣬ߡԶĵط
ϢܿЩĿɫøࡣ
˶ˡ
г졣
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˲ˣܻŴ
ǵģЩˣû߳ԶͶĪˡ
룬³ǡһͷǱߣӦҲɡ
ž˵һѣ̵˾ʵĲû˵֮⣬飬δʲô
Ͼ̵˾ʵĲ꣬Ѿˣ˵˵ˡ
ǡ㿴𣿡³ǵ棬Ѿ¶֮ɫʵǲţǵˣȻ㵹ù
ҿˡһ۹³ǵ棬е֣ûñ˲ʲô
ô³ǵ漱ȵʵ
Ҽʱܺáһ£˵
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öԣλ˵ʹȻûɣվŴӹˡڳīԺлɱģĿ޵˵
˵ͷһĨ⣬Ѿ֪࣬ɱīѶô

ڹѰţʱͣ½ŲʲôȻٲһѶͷϵĺˮﹾţġ̫ˣ˽飬̫ˣʿ㲻ϡ⸱õʧܰҺã˾ǴҲô
еֵǣ˾Ǹһ굱ѾأġȻܳɹһ࣬Ҳ㱻˴ˡ˵ţһ۲Զһ۵СȻĨһѶͷϵ亹ǳ鴤ţԶȥ
滹дʣλˣ͵ûңҵƨ˾ˡȿȣСľⴳġ
һ˵һԶȥֱ˳˼ʮ￪⣬˿һƨڵϣ૵棬ʵ̫ˣΣҵ㣬ֻС롭Ӧþ⸽ģͱˣŵϢһҪץҾͿԵõѪȻ󣬻Իò˼Ȼ˽磬һ̵ʱ䣬صģǺǺǣ
棬ЦϣȴǰЦݶûС
ʱ۾ȻһƵĽ棬ӦһС
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ˮεˮе
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ۣ
ͻȻһѪ
̫ˡģǷԼһ䡣
һâȥԭޱȲƵСͻȻǱȥһαװ㣬ֱ¶һӲɣ
ǺǺǡˣ˵ţСȥﹾţС룬ǻĴе𣿿ϧһУҪëͬˣǺǺǺǡ
ЦϴĿз
һӡѪ룬Сһ
ëͬȻҲǵǸݵħˣҪԸһֻС룬ǲڻµģֱѹ
ܿ죬ߵСſڣȻ󣬿ʼɫȻھ˫ҲڲϵĽŹֵӡ
ʱһһֱ֣ӳҲëͬľʶС



511 ŮĻԵ
ǿ󵽲˼飬˵˥ëͬʿǡ۷ʱڵħëͬҲֻлɻһҵķݶ
飡
˲ͱˣķѣֱУΪһƬѪ
ѪУȻһһ˲䣬ͽѾѵҲٴ
ëͬ꣬һ˲䣬ޱȵùߵɢˡ
ûиоʹ࣡
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УһЩȵѪħֶΣ˽ʲô
˵ţһѪħΣҴ⣬˵ֻһܣˣҲҪ˺Ƭ
У͸޾ţȻ૵һѪħĿܣеõģ١ԸС㵱ءߣʱ򡭡ѪħˣΣħ塭ô
ţȻУ˼Ĵ뵽ڡ
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ȻѾγСҲʧС
ָֻ֮ǰò
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нż棬滹ϵظŸոǷ
ҵˡǻƋO

ѽøѰҿɲȻȥѧѩž¾СѾһţֻԼԴʮʹĹš
ǰҩͭ¯˿¯Ǳ֮ǰҪö࣬һ˶ߣ滹һ𲻶Ļ棬ڲȼš
ѩޱѵ飬ǼԦⵤ¯Ļ档
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˭뵽ȻҪѧԦ棿һԵĻ棿ôܻԣǼˣ
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ԴĪĽ뵽ط֮ʹͿʼˡ
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ǡΪʲôҪѧ𰡣ΪʲôΪʲôΪʲôҪĻ棬ЩľͿѽľĻĻǺʯҲѽ˭һ¡ΪʲôҪѧأѩһǡ
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Ϊ˿̣һ뷿棬һ飬Ʒ˿ȥɢһ֪Եκ˼ˣ¶һġ
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Դöƽط֮һÿҪ飬ǴĶ
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ȫޱȾĹ伮һʼһҲЩ£֪⾿ô¡Щֶʶ
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Ȼоֲ˼飬һ֪ĻԵ
طᣡ
ÿһ鼮һΪĹֻҪһ飬ܽЩȫ
һеܳԾļûôãٲе鼮ȫĿ
Ȿʱԭί
ǿƣһԿףǻ֮ŵԿס
طһϵͳĲؾ
ϵͳѡеĴˡ
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512 ײİһ
һⱾ伮ϵļأʵ˲ޱȻԻ͡
ǿ֮ڵ֮󣬾ͿʹѧЩжԵСһ˿ܻΪǽЩЩһȫѧʩչ
ʵȻ
һѧķܸϵ˵ֻҪЩסȻ侫裬Ѿʩչˡ
ҪЩʽѧᣬȫҪѧ
⣬ֻŽ׶εӡѧģ֮
ķܸ˵ģӣ߼֮κһ鼮Աǵǹ
Щʹܵʱ
ЩĹӵͬҲԷӳǹȫͬȴѷɫǿ
ֶΣһ˵ֱδš
䣬ֶΣһ￴棬ϱ飬ޱȵˡ
ΪⱾķܸϣ˵ĵӣ۷徳磬ѾҪκ鼮ˡ˵һ֣˵족֡ôǿߵսУ֡ڽ
һ֣ͿѶѹ
һԽǿĹҲԽ
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ǿһͳΪʲôɢеأһ￴Ȿķܸ֮󣬸оǳɻ
ȴûκϣ顣ҪһԺһѰҴˡ
Ϊͳôпܾ˵ʣһôһˡ

īʹ֮䣬۵С۵ĿŶԷ
Ҫȥīʵ
ҡҡͷȻָָԼĿտԴ
īʱһ˵˵ԼԴտɶҲû𣿿ôһһ㶼ɵأ
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ȥǷĹƺͨҲûжݻ΢һ㣬ܸоɢһѹϢ·ҪѹؼһС
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֮ǰīʽϵһЩ覴ãҲȫøһһľڣǳīڵȫĽڤ˵ʩչ
īԼҲ֪ûʲôã֮еʽҪϾͶʽչֳ
ܹǰ֪ЩʽʩչģԳī˵ҲһΪҪ顣
īţгһռʦħԼڤ˵Ȼһɣ
ҲпܣԼʦʱѾܹڤ˵ʩչء
īŴã룬£
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ãһ¶ģϵĹͷҲڿ죬ǳżѹ
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׼ȷ˵ǴݳһޱڳīһӾ˼ˡʱɵһ㣬ϵı飬ʵԸӡ
Ϊöɽ˵ڤ𣬽ײİһá


513 ڤ
˵ţҲûԷκ˼Ļᣬһֻ֣ɽһץ
һīĹײİ嶥ǣȻǴɽ
Ŵֱӷ
ʱƽ͵ĴɽУͻȻ䴫һŭ
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óīû뵽ǣıڤȻ˼һᣬһ䣺㣿
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ġڤȻʼּۻ
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ڤʱͻȻһ۳īʲôû˵תߡͬһâ˲ʧӰ
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īһŴõԸ˹ͨΪʲôҪװưͣ
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ʲôЦһȥĹײĸϣбŵô±ڤѾ˵Ҫˣīľĸо
ȴֱӽסȻһ
īһ۾ͿˣԼķ
Ҫʲô
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514 
ʼķһ˲䣬ʲôˡ
ʲôײİ壿һֵ޷ľ
ķ΢һУһ˲뵽īڣƽʱīյȫͬһڣֱӸ͹ǡ
ǡҪıҵʣ
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ײĸϵ·޾ī֪ⶫʲôȴӵŲ˼ϵĸıʡ
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Ȼûֹͣϳ壡
ż֮ϣ졣
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īȻ㹻󣬵ҲûԼЦĵز
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515 һ
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516 ȫ
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ǵǿãҲʲôΣСһȻ֪ݣҲûĨɱǸλˡ


517 澳
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Ƿ˳ī쳣ȴûжԳīκɱģûһ㡭Ҫһ˶ɱͷ֪˳īܵݣĳй֮Ȼ˼ʮλȫһ˵־ٶ
ѡѾԽеİԽеǻ֮⡣
ΪǶ뿴һǰ޹˵ˣô͵ľ磬ô಻˼Ĵ֮ߵһ
ǽгһգɾ˵ۻ֮λô϶ǣڹµټ
رġ
ʱЩһУ͵ǳֵرˣ
ΪǴ˿̣ûҪʲôرֻǺ棬ֻ뿴Σ
ЩȫǹµЩķ̺ܣֱ춯ء
һóȫһīҲǹһʢˡ
ֻϧʢ£ûһŵ鿴
īԼʲô֪Ȼڲϵ⡣
ؼ䣬һƬž
ޱȽŵĿųī
īԴһģʼᣬͣȻǱӣȻ۾Ȼ䡭󣬲üëͷ
һͷٵĺڷһ˲䣬嫵ǣ˲ѵһɲǣ·Ƭؼ䣬һľ
īۣؼ䣬ž˹
ŴãЩãȻʵڡǳɹô
ðͷչϸϸĴųīãȻųȵĵ˵ͷ
У֪жٸֲĴڣװƣ
īվȻŴù˹ָãǴһܣھԼܸɵһ𣡡
ۣ
ʵûסһЦе
ʱ򣬳īоƬУ֪ΪΣͻȻǿҵĶ⡣
ָоʵʣâڱ
Ȼ˸սȻСĿһܣͶֶ˵Ĵ˵ǲǲСĵˣ
ǿţڳһսƣаС쵰ֹǵˣ˶ˣҡһ⣬ȫȻģҲһģ


518 ֲ
õУѾǳĸ߹澳֮ˣһ֣ͻȻ䷢֣ԭǵ͹澳ʵ
̫ˣ
ڴִûǿϷκ˵ļһòи̾澳֮塭Ȼ鴫
䣡
īһȭ֮ȭݺڴõĹͷ첲֮ϡ
ԭͳ˵ۼɫͷ棬Ȼһĺۼ
Ȼǳ֮Կûֱӱˣ
Ҫ֪֮ǰǳīʮ죬ƴݺһȥҲĹͷ첲κκۼֻһȭѡȭһȭ
ڳī¡
ĳīһĴܣôһȭȥֵΣ
һֲĸо
ڰйۿЩе޵дڣҲȫоһľ
ųī֮սļҳ̶ȲϼӾ磬Щԭſ̬Ĺ޵дڣȻһΪøеĵ̬
ֱ̬Ц
ǣһһλ޵еĴڣҲ˵һܽøѹˡ
ڣǾȻΪһСƨ֮д裬ΪøеġⲻЦʲô
ƫƫģйע޵дڣȻһͷ
ǲǵĴûᱻ˵ʵϣһֱûжκõģֻ屾ܡ
Ҳ˵ǽԼڸīͬĳ̶д衣
һڳīǽ̬£áпڲ
飡
飡
飡
Ȼľ죬һ
Դ˵ʮСĳīһ׳淢ϡ
ÿһγ֣һǿҵ
īͬҲûʹκõġͬıԴ
νıԴۡ
˵һʮܾ꣬ʮصһʯͷ˶ʮ꣬پͿԾһٽˡֻۣǱԴĻۡӡ
ͨ˵ԴӣͬҲ޶ȵģһζȥһ䣬ﵽһ۷壬Ȼͻ½
˵۷ֵһ൱ֲ֣ԣƾԴ˵ҲҪȳīöࡣ
˫Ȼ˸൱
ʱ䣬īŴãѾõһսɺ;ѧ˸ࡣ
֮սͬŹӰ
йۿЩڣȫ겻ѣڴõĿֲս
ĴãոʱΪһЩԭûٸе޵дڴܡˣЩ޵дڣԴûǺ˽ġ
ȴû뵽ī꾹ȻҲ˵͡
սļƣһʿ㲻ϵꣿһͷþս󣬶ʵǿְ
žžžžžžžž
īŲȻӰ粽ʩչǧ֣䡭˴ǧƣ
ǧƣͬһط
ȻǴãҲЩܣǹɾҵʹ̼÷һͺǿţûжī
ͬʱаøС쵰ҽ̸Ķôͻѧҵϣ
ڰйۿЩ޵дڣһֿ˻
Ҳн죬ǿûոյ飬ֱ̫ЦˣЦˣ
ƨʲô飿ôһͷӡ޵дڰв̨Ȼ浱УҲ޵дڶһġ
ȻûͬһʱⲢЩ޵дڱ˴˿Է˳ۡ
̧ǰɣ˵øոյӲǺʹࣿλ޵дЩŭ˵
ȷͦʹģΪܶһáСһû֣Ҳˣ޵дʮֹʵķ
Ǵʱ򣬹ͷӿ챻ɢˣؿڱãҲûһ쵹һСһϣٺٺٺ١ֻ
ٺٸƨԴСһ㻹áһ̨ġ
Ҵǰɣֲ
ôˣߣб㺰һ졯ѹѽ
ô㣬Ѿҵˣ˭ʬ־һƱ
ī߸д裬ǱһȺѾ˲֪ǣȻس
ǵǿʱ˿Ҳ֪صȥˣҲȺܡ
һЩûҵ˵ĵͳֱӻˣһģİ׳գҡͷԣҧĽ֣žͷд˲ô
϶ûд˲ĵͳаʮֵ⡣


519 Ѵ
ޣҲƵģЦ
ҰҲЦ
ﳳ£ʵϣ뵽еȥȴûĸܱЩ˿۵ġ
ⶼһȺ۽ߵû߶
룬ǵŵʱؼ޵дڣ
˭ܽ뵽ǵУ
Դӵ䵽˽֮󣬹濴ͣһЩʱ콾ڡ
ȴûĸȺ˵еĳһϡ
ֻһЩ֮µģŻȲѡˣԼĴʧ䡣
Ⱥ޵еĴǣϵľˡǿⶫȱģ
¶˴УҲԼ޵еͳߡȻĻԼ˵Щ˵Уûнͳģڡ
ʵϣеȺ޵дڣѡˣͲںǸ˵ʵ
ǿУôǸ׷ˣһΪûУҲȫںǿУһʮĴ޽ɣҲһĭۣ޽ƨӻأ
ôһȺڣҲѹĳ԰ڡ
棬Ȼһ顣
Ϊ浱Уûܿеˣ
ôһˣǸΪǿĴڣֱ
ʣˡĸ˵ԼУ
ī
Ǹ쾳磬ȴӲԹδһ
ҪǣһͨȫǡȫѪȻӾżʣһ嵽죬嵽Ȼٳ嵽澳ʵģ
ˣƺЩԲ
֣ҲƺЩϡ
ԣЦ˵Ұĸֵʱ򣬼еĹȫ˲Ĭ
ʱǵǿͻȻðݳһûѹƱˣڸӦֵһ̣Ҳȫʶ˻ȥ
ⲻ£һ־ء
ֻΪǿУʸڶϵһ
ʸϵλڴڵƬƽԭء
ûڤ׷ͲǰΪƬƽԭ֮ϣһ˼޵дڡ
޵У޵һ֣
棬ûбϵĴˣҲûκ飬еĹ飬ȴ֪Ĵڡ
λڣֻһսսȼյʱλƺЩˣͺһ
Ȼ󣬵λλֱӱ壬ֻʣ꣬ŵƨֱˡ
ΪǶԷˣ
ȻĻǱɣ
һֱʲô
ţԭĹ棬ͻȻĴ䣬ֱһ䵽˽硣
һֱ˵˵֮սһǴ飬¹˽硣
ʵϣڹЩ޵дڵ桭λǿĴڣ֮սֱ̫ӴŹ뿪磡
Ȼ֪ģֻǹһС޵дڡ
ЩҲãеҲãȫ֪顣λ𣬿϶˵ȥģΪǶǸˡ
Բ޵дڣŵģһۻʣ
Ҳǲ²ˣû˼ʶλĿ
ƽλҲᷢκ죬вҪˣҲûλһ
ƽеЩ޵дڣɴĺλ͵ڡ
ǿð˵һ仰ҪһѴģ
Щ޵дڣһʱҷɡ
ôѴģ
ģϲˣ
Ҫɱȥ𣿡
ãһгңÿҶǿţǰ
𳳱𳳣ǰ˵
ôŴţɴදһīֱӵɣ̯̯˫֣ʾˡ
ǲīд裬ʵڱЩҷɵ͸ˡ
һֱЩûóīȻĻһᱻŵòᡣ
˵ȥֱǶ
˭һȺһȺϲһȥģ
еЩƨʲôģƽҲŸ߸ϵļӰɣ
ǵ޵е˵ˣԼóľѧȫСһô
仰һ񷣬ʱһĳš
ֱӾͱˣòŹһ䣺ôҲ͸Ƿһҵ˵ϲ顭ô
ҲױˣǶ˰ɣ
ǴҲܲ³СһĳˡôȻ˵ľѧʵҲûʲôˡȻǸѹһأҵû취һʵҲֲСһϡʵϣǸλϣҲͬѡɣǿٺЦҾãôˣСһĽһܺ棬


520 λ
ʱƬƽԭ֮ϣͻȻ䣬һһĲ֮ϣ˲䳹װˡ
ּžʲôĳīоЩͷһ쳣ĸоؿڵĲҲһ궯ĸо
īʶĽץһۣ˲ס
ΪԭֻǶһѪµĲ棬ˡš
ϣǵֻһɡ
ǵԭǿãйе޵дڣһ̡ȥȫɵˡ
λڡȻˣ
ȻΪһ꣬ˣ
ֱô񼣣
Ⱥе񼣣
ǵ֮ս綼λҲֻǺһһ仰û˵
ȻΪһ꣬˵ˣ
Ȼֻ˵һ֣һֵȴǲɹء
ԭȺ˵Ĵã˿ȴޱ𺳵ĻͷƬƽԭķ
һֱ֪ƽԭŵλڣԼһеϵ֮ǰ˸߹¡˵㲻ȥ飬ֻλүδػܣҪ顣
ڴ֮ǰҲûλڡʵû취ˣΪҪīʣڤĹײЧġ˼ҵĹײģ϶Ҫܣ˼ȥֻȫ
ʵҲˣڤʱ̣ȴҲûпһ
ҲǴλһΣǷ˼һ顣
ôû뵽λȻᷢ
һɡ֣ζʲôЩȥ²⡣
Ǳǵǿһ֮󣬽һ˷ܵǰ˵ԣ̫ˣ
ţնˡ
һΣݳģѾ𡣻Щһֱ͹ע֮µ飡
ܱλڿе꣬˭ϵ
Ȼ֮£Щ飬һսҲǿƴġȻ̫ܻӮҲúѿЩڣҲһ𲻳Ǿߣ
ѰĵЩڵǰһһ
ˣλ˵һ֮ЩڣҲ̲סðͷˡ
ҲԸǰּ
ҲԸóѧ
ǶԸ⣡
ʮ˲ʧߵĸо֪ͲˣΪУźķǲں뷨ͬΪĴ֪
ȻЩĶһšΪƽԭλڣǻܷԣƣͱˡ
ʱƽԭλڣȻһΡһ֮£ͱˡ
ҿö
֪һЩĻΪīλڵ˽ӣȻôܶ˹ģ
ЩһҲľþöûܻع
֮µЩ飬ȫɵˣֱӰͷȥ޲ɳžžģԹ뷨û
ֱᰡ
ǻŵʱҲһЩƨǶҪʵʵİͷºòðСô
ðɣЩͷǴúȺԲġ
¶˵ǹ쵽ˡ
˵ѴģЩ޵еͳһ˵ǿҲͻ룬ǶѾˡ޵еͳѾɢ֮Сȴһ̫ã
ͬģҲϣԼ˳
һʺϵĴˣǲŹ
˭뵽Ȼλ޵дڵȤ
ǿλޱȹ˵ǰּҵһϤĽá
ǼȻǾʦҲ˸֮ǣҲǺ¡ɡƽԭĴڣδݳ桭׶ˡ
īоõķӦЩֵֹģʵãôˣһҲһˣȻһһ߹ͷӣīȴܴϣܵ

˿̣īȴ޷׼ȷжϴõƺиˣв⣬мʧ䣬Ҳ˵׷ʲô
ûī죬ֿһ۲϶Ѫ£а׷ʲôҲ֪飿ôоһС񶼱أ
γԴ˿̣ſڣһȺĴԼɵˣѾ˽һʱ䣬Ҳûһ˴߳
ĴɵЩ˻㵭ЩɵˣЩסˡ
УһֲԤС
ʱǹŵУֱ߳һӰ
ſڣʱ䶯


521 ĸı
ŵ̵ʱ䣬Ϣݻϣ˷׷״Ǳ߸ϸ
ʱѾȥһ꣬Ȼ˴ˣϢ㹻ˡ
ֻǿ߳Ů֮˻ϲ˳кܶ˲ġ
Ϊˣһ
ǸŮˡ
һԭͺϴһȻģڹһʱ䣬̳ĵͳʹϵǹʣʤǰ
УһɵȻһЩϱˣҲ־޵ĸо
ֻǣʲô̬Դ˺ܶҪ˼⡣
Ƿŵĵմӣ˵ݼΪ߹һ˸ǡƮ칬ˣ
Ʈ칬֣ܶ˾Ͷ޵Щȸ½ɣƮ칬֣ʮС
ߵˣɲô࣬һǰѾѡ
ԣһһ˲䣬ߵһȺϱֱӾͽһ
ûҪһȥȡʲôһʱ䣬㹻׺ܶ飬Ҳ㹻ǽīˣ˽㹻
īǸظˣֻҪãḺ֣
ȻѾվһߣȻѾѡôͼֵ׺ˡ
³ǺǱߣȻ뽫һߣŻķϱȫסˡ
ڻǿսʱ
һֻҪǾܲˣ
ڹͣһ֮ãҪ˵ûлôԵû˻š
һǰһУû̫⣬ڹУѾ۽󿪣ȻһʵոͻƵ쾳硣Թ³ǺЩϱֵʱҲӡ
ĵģѩǻƋOǡī
һʲ֪λȻһûгأ
һԭΪԼǸڲ֪ڼԼ˵Уһ
һЦõͬʱҲЩ
֪ڹͣʱԽãԽ˵õĻԵ
ѵ˵ԼΪ̳˵ĻԵ
һ㲻ҪģǼ϶κġЩпһ֣һյǿӲԵ磬˵
ʦûġһҲǲ֪ͼˣһֱǺܸмҲءֻ̫ǿӲҲûа취̬һȻʮֿġ
Щɵôһоʱ򣬺ܶ˿Ŀ⣬ȫĽͼʡ
ôһͷɵˣʮ֮⣬Щɣֻ񣬴ˣ˵ţһһ䣺ģʦ񲻻ٱȥ޸ˡ
һȻһЦ˵ͷ
˵ˣһܿɵӣǵһģ
֪ܿһʵЩɵӣҲл뿪ģֻܿ˳īĻ뿪˹档ڿЩˣѾ˲⡣
ɫЩȻͬҲвٵĵһֱڶûЩˡ̫һЩ˵ĻԵǽҲͲԶˡ
һɵЩͬ飬ҲܳԾһɵ֮ܿ⡭ЩɣȻһ˶ûгһأô
ȷû˳һĻط磬мӣǳˡҲʾڳīߣ˻ǿ˵⣬ƺЩ˼ʵ浹ô
һͷģû뵽ɣôûܻ
̾һҲû취ɵʱ϶̣ܶ飬㲢֪ЩĴڹˣǧ
һһô࣡
˵һΣǷɸһѾľ޴ջˣ˵֮ǰһɣڼȷīˡĺ档
ʦ׿ڳ£һ棬Ҳǿĵĺܡ
ˣһڹеջ񣬲ҪóκˡȻһ˵ɣ
һһֱأû뵽ûü˵Ȼȿˣ̬ȣ˵׿һŵݣȫΪˡ
֪īǸҰġͻȻ˵ҪƮ칬ΪǿɣһʼЩмġ
һûв廰Ŀ
ԳһЦ˵֮ǰ̫ڸ߰ˣΪĴɾƬǿˣף̫֪
ʦһе
ڰ֣һΣǷɸһѡվڳīһߣȻĽϿīƮ칬Ϊǿɣ֮ǰʦˡ
ʦҲΪɺǺáһ˵
㲻ðοңȻҵ䲻̫ҲӦ˽ҡһˣԾǶԣǴȥʲôʵֳ֧ī֧Ʈ칬Ҳʦһ˵ľǵЩǣѾγͳһĹ۵㣬ֻҪīܹŴӹлôǷɣպͽȫ֧ǣ


522 
ȫ֧֣һЩ𾪵̧ͷ
ĸ֡һŵ˵˵ȫһ
ζŷڵǧδµͷ­
Ȼȫôţȫ֧֣Ѿһַŵ̬ˡ
ԣȫ֧֣ؼʱ̣ȫϣĿ˵Ƿɣ䣬˷Ź˽磬˱ѹѾкܹܶɹһΣ˵Ǹᡣ
˵ţЦЦһ˺ܶࡣ
ʦǱˡһ˵
ǺǣǰڸıģȻĻôܹΪ֮ƺЩп̧ͷһʵԭɣлһԾΪͬȼɣϧԼûмֵ󡣡
֮ôĸı䣬ҪԭһĵȴУǸˡĸףɵţұ
δӢ꣬Ҳ˫ް߰ף֮ǰֶԹƺòôҪˡ
ұ֮䣬йһγ̸ұˣ겻Ӧ÷Ϊ֣ԼϲġֻϧǸʱѾûȥˡ
صûãұɱǸߵˡ
һһһʿ
Ȼұָһܣĺӣһ˽ӣ
飬Ѿһ޴ĳˡ
Ϊ棬ٶǰѾһøʢĿʿ
ݵˣǴ˽ӵϢ϶ѣһⶼΪ֮ߡ
棬һʵΪֲȴһⱲӣûл̤ߵˡԸɴԱӲ˽ŸұеȨұ֮λȫܿա
Ȼ󣬿ʼȻڣŮҹҹϸ衣˸޷Կ⣬Ȼһ󡣾ɣȫ벻֦ͬĶ⣬
˵ұȻŵͷȴüΪңĻ˵ǡ
ι͵͵ġ
ΪĴɵţ䵽ֵزҲꡣ
ŻڣǵܹúöԴôΪ˷ļ̳ݣһ˼ģҲҸġ
µʱǨ˵ʲôˡ
ұҪС˵ڹУõ˲õĻԵ˵ЩǣԤıһ£һԸı˽ֵĴ£
СģһҪǵǰ÷
Ҫģǻٵ˽ɣǷɸһ׵壬ҪɣΪǣƮ칬ĳīվһսϡǻ³֣ᡣ֮Ҳϣκ⡣ұ˵͸
ұ֮˶Щұ˵Щ飬̺Ϣʵ̫һʱ֮䣬޷ܡ
պ󣬴Ĺұجģѹ
ұΪ߻ħ˲Ρ
Ϣһ»Ȼ
ϱͣ˵Ϊߵǿ֮·νޣ׷ѰļޣУÿһǳΣġˣȻŵеܳʹȴֹ֮ͣ·ġ
ͣǿ˵ͨΪߵĿ֮·ȷǳΣյġ
ֻ׷ʲô
Ϊұ͵͵Щ֪ˣϼӿ֮£ҲûܴеõҪĶȻ󡭡ɱ
ȻĲ²⣬ȴǾԼĲ²ʮа˾šʵ
ڽ¸˪˵ˣ˪ҲΪ𾪣Ȼˣڵһʱ䣬ϱ˷ɵЩǡ
һ֮󣬰һǱߡ
ǣһӹ֮͵һʱ䣬ͽܱԼ̬ȡ
ֻҪīܹŻôɺһͽ׽棬īƮ칬һ飡
γһµ湲ͬ塣
Ҳֻܿס͹³Ǳߵơ
ұǰ˵Щڱɺһһкʵ
óһ˵ĽۣǾǣڵ⣬Ѿǿɲĵز̽Ǿжʵȴһ־ĸо
ƺ̶һʱѾԽ̫౶
Ϣȫָһˡ

ϢʾĹſʼ˾޴ı仯
һҲ͸¶һ仯飬һκѹڣзɺһǰ̫Ҫ֪һЩˡ
ϧǣһԴˣ֪顣


523 ׷׹
ǽ뵽֮󣬾ȫֿˣ˺ڣԻԼĻԵʱǽ뵽һյĵطһֱѧϰһ˵룬ЩõԵˣҲһԣ໥֮䣬֪ԷĻԵõʲô
ЩΣҲûж˵ʲôֻһԼעⰲȫ
һӹȳûȥСѾӹгˣ
ĳڴٴα𶯡
СѾһ֣һһȺȻֱӴߡ
صϣߵˣֱסڵĵط
ȻһǱߣҲѾܵ˲Ծĵطҿʼ
СѾɵһЩһ֮󣬾ֱܹһ֮£Ů֮ĹͨԵøҪһЩΪǿ໥ȥӡ֤һЩ顣
֮ѩһΣڵȺЩˣѾЩľˡ
˻ãԵúܵǵѾҴ˲˼ĻԵ⣬
³ߵ˾ˡǼϣһֱڣûа㶯
ʱһĹȥÿһ죬ϣһ֡
ѩʱ򣬹³ߣü棬̲סе鷳ꡣҪֵĳ嶯
գǻסˣڻʱ
ڣֹ죬
һ£³ߣϵ£һƬڣ
Щ漶Ĵһȫϲɫ
ֻЩֵǣϣƺûжЦݡԭȻ߰ȴһĮˣֻδӹгƺʮֱ䡣
Ҳ֪ʲôԵ˶˴ĸı䡣
³ǵȺǣûȥ̫࣬˵ֻҪܻŻǾѾʤˣ
ϢԱ˵ƺûʲôҲֻĽѡ
ڹͣһ꣬϶ǵõ˲õĻԵ
˵ĹȴһϢ
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ֻһëͬȫġܣ
Ҫ֣ҲֻܹëͬԼ̫ȥһƋO鷳һ֪ƋOݵ¡ֻ˵ɻ
֮ûãƋO˳īŮӣӹ߳
ƋOĹƺԤʾһεĹ֮Уɺһһϵȫʤ
ҲǻƋOĹƺ˹³ǺϱǸ񾭡

棬һ¡
ǲܸ³֡һĿż棬˵£ԼѾ㹻ˣ
С顭Ҫ𣿡һĿ棬һʱ䡭᲻е̫̣ȻֶͨΣһٳɵ֣Ҳ֪Щˡȱ㣬ǵʵǵˣǡȴǲѵġսǿˣľնɱǡ
һĿͷ˵һǾã£³ǱߡãԼһЩߵ
ҡҡͷϴż֮ɫУǾܸ³֡
Ҫиɰɣ֮ǰ㲢ûôһüͷƺܲľ
⣬ȻɶͷʵϣѾˡ
⣬ΪȨƵλ˽ӡҪģӹ̥ǵľ޴仯
⣬ʵԶһǰǿʮ
ľ磬ҲѾһ̶ȡ֮ǰ棬д߳ܶ棬ȫĶ֡
֮ڣͱѹ
Ѿߣ֮ĵһ֡
ŷļ棬Ϊ

ʲôϵ
ڹͣһ֮ãҲûҪɣ
ѵõȸĻԵ
ô𣿡
棬һĿ
񻺻ҡͷȻ˵ǲһֱܺ棬ڹ棬ʲô֮󣬲Ż˾˵ı仯𣿡
ǵȷǺܺ棬û˵Ҳʡ
ǰϾԵõġ
һ۷ļ棬Ȼ˵ڹ棬ʵʮֿµ
ʲô
ô᣿
⡭
ô£
һ棬ȫһȵĿ
棬˶ᡣڹԼڹеĿֲŴľˣᡭǶô


524 
е棬ʱͬʯһ㣬ȫɵɵдŲ˼Ĺâ
ãһ棬˵᣿ǲռݱ壿
һʮֹϵĵ伮ϣƵĽܣ˵һЩ飬ռòʲôģȫûа仯ȴȫһˡһ˵
ͷ˼ɡ
ô˵㣿һĳϣޱȾֵĿ
ǳ׽ⳤϣҲһĿͣС񣿡
ͷЦЦҵȻңȻĻΪʲôҪôãֺαشĻǵҪչǵɣ
ˣȫظ˿
飬̫ţǶЩ˸ոΪʲô˵ġ
ֳĬ˰Σ˵ǣ¸³ǵʲôϵأ
ǰѵ˵Ҳˣ
ڰɣôֲ˵ͬһһܻųû˵˭ӹ֮󣬾ˡ
ʱһĳ˵֪ûз֣ӹ֮󣬵ȷǱЩһƺĮܶ࣬ǰֻǸ߰ȴĮ
ǰôһ˵
ţҲָоƺúܱ䣡
Щ˵ţȫȻʶЩԾˡ
һˣȻ˵ͷûˡ
һ棬ȫ̲סһȻȫĬ
ֻ𣺡죬ұһٻһطһ벻ҪУ١ҽ棬ǳʲôȥģ
һ̾ϢȻǴˡ
ͷǰȻǴУЩ˽ߣ˭Ϊʿ˭߲ε磿˭һЩꣿֻ˽磬Ҳһܹɣ
˵ţһˣλǰǣ˵ûɣ
ȫͷ
ųƿޣһֱ˵ӡҲǲʳ˼̻ĿʿֻҪˣͲûο޵ģʵǲɲ֮ҪŮˣҪŮˣһֱȴֻ͵͵ɽңԶ½˵ţĿƵĿŷˣˣ˵Ϊ˿ޣΪ˴ȥģ

һ棬ȫ̲ס˿
ǰȥģ
±Χˣ˭Ը½ֿຮ֮أ
ԣʱǵң벻ҪУҿ϶Ҫģҧ˵ʱǵҷſȫҵʱҿһۡ٣ΪҪŮȫſ񣡡
һ棬ͷǲҪȲϵǸŮˣľ־ױ֮󣬲ܹĴϵõ
ҵʱ;֣һ֡ƵĸоԣҲûģǱһ񡣹ȻԷҾʶһ˲䣬ֱӾҪҵȫɵѾȥһ࣬ÿλȻ׹ߵĸо
ЩǣҲȫоһ䡣
ԴЩŮӣȻǾûʲôԴǡǿ϶޷̵ġ
ҵɱһ𡭡ǸʱлģˡȻԼûвʵϣڲ֪УѾǳǿ˽磬ûж˵ǵĸǿ˵Ǹ˽˾ʣһ壬ͶħĴܣ꣬ܵش񡭡ſҪɢΣԣ󡭡ʤˣ
Ѿ뵽˽Ļ÷һĳϣ˿
ȴˣ񵭵˵Ҵɿһҵʱһ۾;ЩԾҪĵһ£϶ǹָҡ
ָ㣿
ָʲô
ôˣ
ⳤɻʵ
ոսʱҷֳī̫ǿһ룬ҾֱˡٺЦ
ԭ

Ǹ
ĳ϶ʱĵЦǿûʲôǱԼҪġڱˡԼʲô£
˵ûڣֱ˵ëͬǺܶûмءǸˣͽëͬȻһڣ˵˾ʣּˣ
᲻ҲһأһĳϣԼ
˶ʱܣ˫Ǵһ˼̽Էء


525 ı
ҡҡͷܣëͬô˵ʣ׷˸ı䡣У˵ֻСʵϡҸͲ֪ʲôС飡̵˾ʵļУҲȫûйʲôļ䣡
С룿ʲô
ѵҲһ𣿡
棬̫ˡ
̾Ϣš
ٴοڣڣоųɾŵİңɹˣ֮Ҳ´ˣĸһҲ̵Ǹħëͬļ䣬ôǾ͸ܸ³Ǻˡ
ļ룬仰˼˵ĵȷе
ǡ³Ǳߣôһ濴ʵ
Ȳǡȴɣ
ȴɣ
ԣһƶĵҩƣսȺŮ˵ǿӹ߳ĵӣĺˣֱʮܹȥסûʲôսŮˡ
ѩܵȷûʲôս飬һδذɣȥƮ칬ӣôꡭһ棬ɡ
񵭵һЦİɣһҲûʲôսһֱǳīǰ棬ûǾٷꡣУȺˣȺʨӣжսĻ᣿
ǡʲôʱʼļ棬ȫ˵öġ
˸ĹâҪһѩͻƋOŮˣ
棬ûʲô˵ͷһʵһǱָ߳Ԥأ
ǲʶָ࣬ԤĻȥ֪ͨ³ǣù³ǶԸǣߣҲҪȫ׼ܣȫۼ
ãһǱǸҳ֣ȺϲҲǰ衣һ˵
ȡ̵ʱ䣬ɣһѩ˪֮⣬෴ɱĸŮˣҪ£˪ãҪҸס˵ţˣλҲļʱһͳ˽磬е飬ԹĽУ˽磬еŮˡǵģ
һ棬Щڴһ졭Ѿ̫ˣ
һȾûʲôᣬû뵽õһӣĸǴ췭ظı仯
⣬ǵ
֮ǰұǸûгϢĶѾЩѡˡ
ԭΪұй¶ǵܣұ֮󣬾ܽ䴦ôʱȥǱ߶ûһ㶯ߵˣڷ
ұȥӦҪ鸴ȼûгܣҲˡ棬Ϳұ˳ۣᣬɱҲɱˡ
̶ý֮ǿɡһ£ͬʱҲһҪעǳīټǸˡöԸһ֣ڵһʱ佫סȻÿ
һЩΪȻҲһˣҪôô
ͷ˵ܾóīϣž޴ܣ֮ǰҲڣڵõ˾ʵļ֮ھãīпܣҲѾ֪̫ܡ
ָָ죺ǱǣʦҲϽģ
仰ȫ΢΢һϵı飬
ʱһͻȻʵôȷīܻŴӹ
룬ͷȷ

ǱߣЩԾߣʸϵİ׷ŮӣüͷŷļˣܾáһصģǺǺʲô
Ƚ˽⣬˵˵һɵ棬һ䡣
룬˵ұ˵УȫͬǵӡУˡǿʿȻһ࣬ⲢûӰ쵽Ƕӡǵش½ֿຮ֮أ룬Ϊ˿ޣ˭Ըһļޱȵĵطұ˵⽫ѡ½ͲʲôΪ˿ޣΪ˱˶Ŀ
˵µʱҲ𾪡벻Ŀʿ˽¡ȻһȺаʸϵİ׷ŮһŭЩˣȫ
һɵ漶Ů˵Ĵ֮໥ʵ֮໥Ǹ֮ǳǳ٣ӡУƺһֻɵĵӣ޵⡣ЩһֱѶڿǵĽ֡Ҳ̫á
ɣϵ¡ʸϵİ׷Ůҧ˵ָоһı仯ܴ󣬲֪Ϊʲô棬Щ


526 Բ
ȥѩһйˣѻƋOҲʸϵİ׷ŮӷԸһ䣬Ȼ̾ϢһҸоҵĴ޾Ҫˡ
棡
治Ҫ˵
ҽ
ˣȫЩŵˣһŵĿʸϵİ׷Ůӡ
׷ŮӵһЦǸʲô£һ㡣˰֣Цһһ˭ܶù
ĺúõģôͻȻ˵ֻ˪ϣű֮ɫ˵
ǷɣҩΪóս㣬׷սһȫּˡɵˣһ޽ʱ򣬻رǿҵԤУӦö֪׷Ůӵ˵
ˣȫóĬǵȻ֪֪Ըܡ
ǰλ׷ŮӣʸϣͬʱҲΪǵһʦִƷɵʱɵʵһ㣬Ӫõˮ͸
ڵȣֱɵӡ
Ǹ豯ˡ׷Ů΢Цţһ񵭵˵ܸоǷɣϿܻдѣԣǱҪǰ׼
ֵطĸô˪üͷƺЩš
˵ǿ϶ǸҵģǱߣܽǵʵ꣬ұǵ˵죬Ƕڹ
׷ŮӵͷǰûʲôҵġڸǣǻͨʲôֶΡ
ǱߵҲǶ༸ңȻ³վͬһӪҲһѡһɵ˵ĴҲδؾǡǶˡȫںԼʧ
׷Ů룬˵ȥһҲסҪˡ߰
ʱͨһˡ
üӽ׷Ů˵ӡ
΢΢һӡ
һѩȫЩܳǲܵõĴУжӱ˵ȻСڵǰǵλã
ƋOҪܶ࣬ʵϣƋOԭͺȣӹ֮ϣƾһԵʡ
ȥƺܸ߹
ֲ˾޷ӽ
׷ŮûѩһõĻᣬֱ£Ȼ˵ʱޣ˵
һѩ໥һֿۣ˿ƋO׷ʲôΪʲôͻȻǽй˿
ʱһǱ߼棬Ҳ˹СѾҲں档һˣСѾƤ˸ࡣ
Ҵ޽ʱ޶ܹ࣬ԤеһЩ˵ЩҲûʱǽͣžͺá׷ŮӿżɽûйЩ˿ףֱ˵ϣܻᷢ£ҵĸ֪УС򣬽ʬɽѪ֡
⻰Ҫǻͨ˵»ᱻЦ˭ô󣿾ȻԤԣһٶġ
ӷʸϵ˵Ƿȫͬˡ
ΪĴɵ˶֪ɵ棬޵ʱ򣬶ܿܶ༴飬ԤԾ׼ȣԴﵽٷְ٣
ˣ׷Ů˵ⷬʱ򣬼һ棬ɫʱŰ׷Ůӡ
׷Ůӽ˵֮ǰõϢҵԤԣۺжϣӦǱߵˡҪǶ֣ȻҲ֪ǵĵԴԺηӦǴˡ
ǡʦҪʲôأһһ濴Ű׷ŮӣһʵӱҲȰ׷ŮС˺ܶ౲֡
ɸһΪīǺӵ飬Ѿ³Ǻ˺ݺǶ׷Ůӳ˵ȻҪ֣ô϶ûֻǣȴŹһĵŹˣôҲȻŹ
һ߼໥һۣ˵ͷϰ׷ŮӵĻе
ԣڣֱж׷ŮӵһĨɭĹâǷɺһȫʵһεõԵļӣǷߵļӣλƹ뿪뿪׻½
ʲôھ뿪һһЩԾ
׷ŮӵͷȻ˵ǵģھ뿪ΪǵˣóģѾˣʣµЩ룬Ҳˡ
⻰Įʵϣȴʵ
ôǶҪ֤ڡǣǵĸ׷Ů˵˳ôǾһ뿪ǳأǵľٶҲ϶ǵĽ࣬ǵļƻ
ƋOʱͻȻڣҲͬ⣡


527 ǲ
Ȼϣ׷Ůȴûº͵ĿһۻƋOƹ㲻ͬԭ򣬲˵ꡣ
ƋOͷû˵ʲô
׷Ů˵֪϶ڵĳīӣ֪飬϶ҲҪ뿪ңҲΪЩˣܹסӡӻСʱǧ˵׷ɱûܽôû˵ɣ
ЩˣȫЦ
һ棬Ц⺢ӣҲһˡ
˵ǸСӿŵ񣬶۶úܣİȫȷôҪǡ
ƋOȴҡҡͷǿ뿪Ҳߡ
ɵİ׷ŮüЩǵĿŻƋOȰƹ֪ܲڸ鷳
ƋO˰׷Ůһۣ˵֪ΪҺãô飬ҽйһͬҺܸмҲͬҵɡ
ƋO˵ţһˣǵĵףңǿ֪ܲǣһΣⵥжѾ³׵һߡ
ʲô
ô֪
ô
³һֱһǲֿܷ
ЩˣȫһѩһȵŻƋO
ƋO˵ģңǱߣӦ㹻ĵôӦԴڹеõĻ
ƹĪ֪׷Ůһ𾪵ĿŻƋO
ƋOͷ֪һ㡣˵ţҲûӣڹУӦǵõһħĴУִУ̵ʱ䣬ͳǿߡţ˽ԴһУͳϰٸߡӦò̫ѡ
⡭ôܣ
ߣǿЦİɣ
ȺˣʲôݵλȻûƋO˵Щֱ̫ˣš
׷Ůӵϣ¶֮ɫȻҲЩģȴķ֣ƋO˵ⷬʱ򣬷ǳƶǸǲ²һȫ֪Ŀ϶
ټԤеЩۺܹóԼо־Ĵ𰸡
ǱߡĿѾ߱
׷ŮһŻƋOĻǻƹӦøһ뿪
ƋOҡҡͷģλţȥߵͷӦѾ⹥ռˡңڴҿС򶼳ȥǱߣӦѾ޵
ȫһͣϢ𾪵˵
ƋO˵Ҳû뵽Щ鱻ǵ֪ԣʱ򷴻ͻΧĿԣǺܴġһǡҲ뿪һҪȹӳһߡ
ƹǺο࡭֪Щ飬͸Ӧ뿪׷ŮӿЦ
ǺģҪŻƋOһߣȴû뵽˼Ҳʲô֪һ˵ʲôߡɽĿ⣬ͶѩһСѾŮӣϣܹȰȰƋO
Щû뵽ǣѩҲãһҲãСѾȻȫһߵ˼ûС
һﵭ˵ħĿٳɷôûʲô΢ǿһľԽնɱľߣҲնɱ
СѾͷħĿٳɷûô£ĸ֣ȱݺܶࡣȻĻͱħ峹ͳˡ
ѩ˵ҿ׼һЩҩߵսһЧʱʱ֮˻ѷûκηǺôûκεĸá
㡭ǡ׷ŮףԼһȰǰ׷ˡĺӣȻ˿ûٴοڣͼЩŮ֪սϷǡֲֿս𣿡
ΪûҪһ£ȻԺٴҪôĻʲôʱĳɳƋO˵ңߣҲȫ޷֮
˵Ŀ⣬ȫƋO
ƋO˵ٹ³Ǳߣβв

ҹ
СϣͻȻðܶӰ
Щͬһ㣬죬ֱŷɺһסĵطȥ
ಣ
һʸ·ֱһӰ
޴ʸ˳ǵӰü룬Դ
߶ûüһ
˸еǣ˾ȻȫûܵκεӰ죬ȻͣЪļ˹ȥ
ಣ
Ǽֱֻɱ˼˹Ӱ
Ǳ߷ϣվһ׷ŮӣǷɵʸϵ档֪ҩսҲ൱ǿҪǣһļ֣
ȻЩɢϢˣ֪־壬첻ηȴҲûô£׷Ů
ʱдһǿɱѾзˣ
䣡
ʮӰ˲Ӹֱɱһͷ
ͬʱһͷߣҲӰն
ս˲䱬


528 ³ǵľ
³ǱߣһȺֱţɫȻһࡣ
ǱѾˣ
ɳ˴ĸ֣
ĸַǳ࣡
ڡǱߵĸֱ֣ǲϰˣ϶ɢϢ
һͷǱ׼ɵֱԷˡ
СѾĽֲ̫ˣֱûܿ
ڹдһˣǸһĹֶΡֲ̫ˣֱ似ö֣캰ʽͿֱӹԷ
ѩȻֱĵҩ
˵ġǸƋOֻǳīߵһŮôô
һϢޱѸٵĻ㱨³ߡ
³ߣԭҪֱӲսġǱҲϵǣֻסһ˾Ϳˡ˵ֱ̫ˣ
Ͼƴ˭ʧСֻ³סһ˵³ռ˴ˡ³ǵ棬ֱӾӦ˭룬һֱĬͻȻվסˡʲôù³ǲս
˵ݣǰȫ
˵ֻǹ³һλϣǹ³ǵţΣȺǰ׵ķݶô
ĽǶסˣֻһУͽһҪѵ³棬ѹλȻûܵʲô˺ȴŻˣ
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ǱߵսͲϴһȺŭĹ³棬˰أȻøӷŭ
ֻһΣǵķŭǳȥģ
һʼȷСڹеõ˲ĻԵʵԽˡڹ³ǣȻǸСôַϵ飿
ûãսУߵֱӾͰѹ³ߵǸŻˡ
Ĵɵʵ˴ʵ
ǧÿɾô֣֣Ҷġ
˭뵽ǱͻȻͶϰٸ֣
ţɺһķǴһ
ϱԲض˵һѩСѾͻƋOЩŮӣƾʲôҲô
ѵľΪڹͣһԭô
ΪʲôȺ³ǵǶѾϣסǵľٶǶԵģ
һģ֪˵ʲôá
Щˣ˵ѾˣħᣬѾǸħ壬ħֶΣ˴ߡĿģҪͳ磡
һȺ³棬ȫ̲סһЩŵˡ
Ͼ飬Ҳֲ̫˵㡣֮ǰ˭뵽Щأ
ǡô죿⿴𣿡һ³ǵü
˵ǣǲλȥɵ£Щˡ
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ƾʲôô˵ʲôһ³ǵһŭ
һۣɺһʤⳡս֮Ǿˡ
仰˵ͷһ
ǰһս˭˭Ӯ϶ŹɽۻĹ³ǡ
ҪӮˣǾͲˣƾܵҪ³ǣҪѾ
ҪǷɺһӮˣǹ³Ҳòȥû̫ˣ׿ˡԼĵˡΪ׿ˡˣǲؿǷǲ֣
˾ǵˣƾʲôҪˡ
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529 ˮ
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530 ս
һߵսݱĴߣջռϷ硣
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Уһ޵е飬ȻʨˣҪ˱ܣԶԶÿ
ǾϾţ
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Ϊûо飬ԭ򣬻û뵽ǱĿ쾹Ȼ֮ࡣ
ԴԴϣ
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Զɱһ㣡
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һ죬߰˸Ŀ죬Ѫ磬ɳȥ


531 ҹ
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ͻΧȥõİ취


532 ͻΧ
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533 Ѫɷ
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534 Ѫ
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˵ţͷһ꣺ʼĩѾԭԭĸ˵ԼĶӶţҲûʲô˵ġľǣҵĸףʲôʱҶẦ
һԿ곰úÿĶӣǲǱԽԽĮǵ͵ħ飬ײϣŵĻԼƷɣ
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һ쾳Ŀܣ¶һĨмܾǿܣɵһ߰ɣסǱ𣡡
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536 
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537 
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538 ִ
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ڳīʹ뿪֮ƽԭ֮ϣһ̾Ϣ棬ƺΪһ̾ϢһƬЩ˵յС
Щī֪ǰֵһţͻȻӿ𼸷ֲᡣ
ī֪Ҫ뿪ˡ


540 ī
ԺܼôīŴãʵ
óĬһᣬȻͷҡҡͷ
ʲôīŴãȻ˵ƹ䣬гһգҳǸ䣬϶û취ٽˡңһ뿪ҿò˶ãҪ硣ʱһҪ͸ˡ
úȻͷֱۣùͷīͷ
Ȼֻȫǹͷɵģ˿ȴīһʮĸоǰ޴ã·һĳ޾Ĵ顣
֪ΪΣīͻȻһ޵ĸо
ʱ򣬴ͻȻһʹīƳš
˵ī⧲ǳīþȫҲסһơ
ιãīһȴԼѾڹ֮⣬ȥƺܿģ
ţţ㳹ʧ
ī˸УȻ̧ͷǰľɫ
Ϥİ
Ϊǹ֮
īһͻȻ뵽ȥʴã˶ôˡ
ٻͷȥŶˡ
ǳ׹ر𣿡īȻȻоһѪɷ֮
īüͷֱǸλͷѧǷݴиľʾ
ˮͨһīѾСɡһЩѾγϰߡвīҲô͸о쳣
ǡɣīۣЩĴǰûκľɫ
󣬳īĬĬˮͨеһЩھţǣ¶һĨЦݡ
ͨѪɷһķҪңħֶΰֻƺе̫ͼ˰ɣīЦ˵
ڹУһħʹܴ˳īһħ嶥ĴУħʹܣҲǹΨһһħ塣
λħĴܣҲΨһһûндīˣȴ˳īħֶε֪ʶ
ճī⣬λǰһȥӺħ壬īʱܲ⣬ʡλħĴܣûиκεĽ͡
ԣī֮ͨˮͨܵѪɷɢѪɷϢλħ̸ܽĶ΢һӡ֤Ѿˡ
˵У˵õħĴа뵽Ѫɷеĳī˷ǹɷ¶һĨЦ
ͬʱھʮ֮ͻȻһȻϣ¶ϲ֮ɫ૵֪û
˵ţǰȺˣ¶һĨ֮ɫһϢҪǣ
Ѿǿ߰Χһѩ䣬
˼ҹǸˣȷûӹˡעǿˣҲµѪɷᡭǿҪһ̯ѪˮˣһЦ˵
ߣǵֶΣȥɣһﳯŵһڣ˵
ǲŵĻҿԴǻȥšڻ᾵ˮ֮ԻԭһµʱĳʱǾͻף񡭡ǿˣֻиңǲδһ˫ۣһӣаȵЦǹԹԲǵ¯
ȥɣһһնȣ
УһɵĴ󽣣ֱնȥ
Ļңһϣ£
һȺɢϢߣƻĳһѩ˹ȥ
Щ˵У޾ıϢκȴǼΪȻЩȫĿܣ
Уĸԭ棡
һʱ䣬ѹ˼İ㣬ڽ֮е棬ǵĿܡ
¡
ѩӳĵҩֱըһһͷײȥֱӱըɳ⣬ãѪģ
ֱˣȴûһ߳˹
ѾѩһһЩ˵ˡ
ǰȫѣһΣ˴׼ϰ쾳Ŀܣһѩ׶༪١
սûκ̵棬ֱӽ˰Ȼ״̬
һѩˣԸܵģǺǰһħ䵽϶ûκκ³
ƋOͻСѾЩˣ䲻Щڷɢĺܿ
ΪޱǿƵ飬Ψжء
Ǳˣ޿ӣ޿ɲءŮϣ˹ӪȡΪֻȫݽȥ
ʱһֱһЦпֵͻȻ䷢һƺߣһ˿Ѫ¶˼Ĺâ
һΣģȻˤڵأ


541 Ҹӵĵ
Уʼ¶֮ɫ˲֪ԼµѪɷѾȥȻĻַܵɡ
ħֶΣǳī֪Ͻ֮£ͨı죬磬ûгΪʿ֮ǰôȥҲµķ󣿡ɫ÷ǳѿġ
һ￴ѩ˵׼ȥӣīӦѾȥµʲôֶΣ
һѩŮͬڹеõϵĴУȻܿһЩߡ
ѩ˵ͷ˵ãһ壡
һͷֶΣ˲øȥ;ĩ·ƴ
һѩϺȡ
ţŮ˲ʩչɱУϵƣȫչΧȥ
ҪܣվǱߴȡ
Ȼعȵץסۣ
ȷҪץסŮõŮϵЩУһЩֶΣĶѡ
˽磬Ŀ꣬ɽ磬ҲĿꡣĿ꣬磡
һõǷݴУȻ磬ҲǶĴУ
˾ʵ֪ʶƶϳһѩĴУӦöǴ˵еͳ
ֶû˻Ӷࡣ
һһǧҲӶ࣡
ǰǣĵõЩСǸĺˣһԼƿأôɽȥҲԷϢأ
һǰͻȻһͷ֣ԼɵЩǵĿܣ˵ԡ
õһȺӵǵĿܣ˲䱬ŮĹҲ˼ɡ
Ůϣ˲˼ֲ˿ڡ
ʱһѩҲȫѾЩ˵İΧԶȥ
ߵķǹķ
ǲ֪īһʲô״̬һȫֶ֪κ˲뽫ֶī
һ񷴵Ǹ˻ˣΪѪɷƣжԳīʵҲЩûףЩͬڹõе˾һ
˼һѩ෴ǣʱ¶һĨĵЦݡ
á׷סץľץģץס͸ɱˣЩܷԸ
һȺܣȻӦŵȻһѩ׷ȥ
Щܣһǰȫһ˾޴ı仯
ǲججоô߶޶ԡ
ճԵڵܣλµıֶΣûлʹãһδ֪
ȺܣǸӽӽʱ״ֻ̬ԹĸЩ˾ˡ
ˣյ˽磬Ҳǿģ
ߵߣĵĿԼĶӣѾףȻ仯ú϶ĶӡȻĻὫ˵궼ס
û°ɣʵ
ѪɷˡԼĸףûʲôɫ˵
ǳīУ¶ּɵ֮ɫ
һʱ䣬㹻֪ܶڳīϢ֪˽Ķ콾
ͷұΪѪɷ㲻ڵһʱնɱҲסڲŷ֣ȻЩ͹
ɫ԰׵ĵǡڹϵЩˣ
޷ҴˡɫҲѿ
ڹ˴ԼʮкܴɳֵľӢЩӢȻʵߡʤ츳׿ǸӶˣһʱѡ׼硢ɽ硭İף
Щ˵꣬ȫֶοסƽʱһ޶ȴžԵҳϣ
Ϊ⣬ԭӦٶ츳׿ľӢֻʮʣЩȫʩĹȥˡ
ЩˡǳīҲת˵
΢΢ҡҡͷ̾Ѫɷ󶼱ˣЩĿԺС
˵Һڱĵطлء
Щطᱩ¶һ䣬йһ£ԸȥرЩط
һʱ䣬׻½ϣǧ쾳ĿߡЩߣͼһ֣֮ǰһ
ŵ˵µӦ֣ȱûǣҴһͨͼߣӲθߵ쾳磬ʧģЩ˵ֻܻ꣡
˵ЩͲ⡣
ǿ֮Ѿ뿪硣
ߺĹˮ죿


542 Ĺ
īϣϵһЩϢеɻ
ͨˮͨīԶԶľܸоϿһ˿Ϣ·ûһˡ
ʵֲлġ
ζŹϿ϶л˵ģУȴһ㶫
ī֪һ浽׷ʲôӹѪɷȻԼڹнܴеʱ˺ܶ顣
Ѫɷʮа˾šԸԼġ
ճīĲ²⣬ܲˣȻڹеõеġһΧС˺ܶ࣬ڳī
ԣҪŪ׷ʲô顣ԣī뵽ȴû뵽Уȥ˾޴ı仯
ԶԶģǹɹϢֱī뵽֮󣬼ϵˣ׷ʲô
걻ƣ
ˣ궼ȱ
ϤˣһҲȫһЩʮꡣĿ⣬ż־裬ȴûж֡
Ǳ
ѽˮܸͨ߾ĳīܹԵĸоЩϵȫԼصų⣡
ǺԼ
ǳīܹоĶ
δı棬ԩ޳ȴԼΪʲôĪǡ
īѾжϡ
ī´ţͬʱĬĬ÷ˮͨšóĽۣӡ֤֮ǰĲ²⡣
ϣʮˣȫķˮ֮ͨ£ûһģ
ī˳ǣ˵ȻǾ͸ɴˡ
һֱ֣ӽһʮץ
īĶûпֱʧȥ˶ԼĿơһֵĿųī㡭Ҫʲô
ųīըһܶൽӰȫֵľۼȻûг֣ȫĶųī
īû˵ֱֿס󣬽׿סȻһ˫ۣ۾
겢۾ߴﹾתǲīӡ
ңīͺһȻɱ㣡
жʱ¶־֮ɫһֻлƼĲǾ̶һʱľ磬Ѿ˽ʯ֮ۿžҪ뵽ڣ̤ľ
һУȫ˴ģ
ΪˣʱصԼ
Ⲣζÿ־壡
Ϊֻ걻ƣЩʿ
ҡҸԩ޳ΪʲôҪɱң겻ȥī˫ÿ׵ӣأӲ
һԩ޳Ϊʲôôųңī˵һ䣺궼˼ҵģԼͦ
Ҳ֪˵ʲô껹졣
ī̧֣ݺһƳϣžһ죬ŵЩ˻һ¡īĿУȫ˳ӡȻûΧ˼ΪǶӳīϣܵǹл޵ΣϢ
ݴŵһͷϻûз𹥻Σաʲô˶ҿġ
֪𣿡ī俴űסꡣ
ƺŴˣĿⲻٶɵɵĿųī
īһ˫·һƬռ䣬Ǻ˸˲ͱȫ
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ʱ˿̣ī˵ƺûʲôֻЩͳ˵ȴͬħһ㣬κοܵ˼
ҽءľȻش
Ϊʲôīʡ
Ǳѡγľšش
ųīĲϷʣīеһЩҲ֮⿪кܶī֪飬ȴ˵
˵һǰ׷ʲôһͷеЩˣȥ
ʱ򼸺Ѿˣûлˡ
ǣ֪ϣ֮⣬ûˣīʵ
ľȻǰʱ䣬ץסһˣڵ桭
Ŷī΢΢һ֮ǰʶӦȻûиӦҪǲһ䣬ܾʹˣ˵ȥΣ
صͷǣ
У
ſأ
ſȻǲˣ
İˣ£Ȼ˲Ź㣡
ЩĿ˾ʱͦסˣĿųī
īЩһۣ
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ܵ˶ʱϢֱӴͬҶ˷ȥ
īǳŭ֪Ȼ࣬־棬ȻһǷɣǹ³ǡпѾ˲⡣
֪һѩǵûдӹгҪǶˣģ
Գī˿ɱأûжȺɱ֣ΪܸоȺһȺ꣬ʲô֪ˡȻĻոһ˲䣬ȺˣѾȫˡ
شųīһط
ڴī۾ţŻȻԭܶӡšʶһźǿĹԡ
ذѳīָ˵˴Ǹˣ档


543 ټ
īһأΪᣬѾſ˶صƣʱ͸ۣڴнƵ顣
Ҳ֮УϾ꣬ȫƿ֮УԼһߡ
ոձīƻɵЩˣһģ˿ҲȫԶԶš
ȻҶԳī֣ȴϣīȥĽơһȫֻĿųī
µĽƣǶġ
ī¶һĨЦҲûȥЩ˵ı飬ֱӳ֣ڴĽƺȥ
飡
һ죬һǿƶͬһֵǿһ
ī壬֮˼
ԶԶģһ󻶺
Щ˿ɢſϢļһ˵Ĳ֪ȥ˲µĽƣ϶к³
û뵽ǣǸһﱻƹֻ˼Ȼ͸ûһվ˻ȥ
һУڳīߵأġ˫¶Ŀ⣬ųīһ
ոմӽϴǹִɽѹĸо·ʱܻؼǳģ
ˣȻֻ˼ɵӣƺûһ̫£㶼û㣡
ص棬ȻһɲԤС
ǿƵֻ̬ϼǵ˵ƷĹҲӲ⡣
˵ǰˡ˻Ҫ
Щȥ롣
ʱǸǿƵļһѾٴγ֣ûκȡɣȫǿ
Ĥľ󣬺ڣѾصǰ˾ĲµĽƣֱȥ
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īҲûȥֱ˽ȥ
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ܶ˶ʱȥز˵Ҳʶо޴Σˡ
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ΪһΣīʱоһ΢
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īӲȡһҹжʱâһ˱ˮмһϣϰţ°ˮīˣʱסæ̤ˮ߹ȥѾԵ˴ϽȻ뿪
Ҫ߳εʱ򣬳īȡһ˿ϵ˵۾ϡڲգȻĿ⣬ǻ˵۾
˲Ǳˣī֮йٶԹķǰţ
ֻ緢ָ߰ĮŮˣ˿ȴޱȴ㲣ͷɢңϻ鲼ŴССʮ˿ڣ°ЩطѾЩãŵζһ˲ĥ
īץŮ˸Ⱥ˶ʱҪΧī᲻Ǹ
Ͼīոչֳʵ̫ھˡǵĸоǵ˲¡
īɫ䣬ĿȺ˵ѰͣһʮŮϣ˹ָ㣬
㡭Ҫʲô㡭ҪǸңҾɱŮһֵĿųīȵ
īѾøŮϻһ֣ԷץһֻСèһһֱֻһֻŮ죬Աߵһӡ
ΧЩȫߣ˴Ǹħƴˣ
ҪǵʦʩҪֹ
ƴˣҲ̣
Ⱥ˵Ůӱ٣һҲץһȼȺѪеŭΣҲ˲ˣ׷׳ųīⶰӳ
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Ⱥ˶ʱ
б³ץһŮʲô£
ʦ㣡
ˣǵ˻Ź㣡
ЩȫīԶ˵ӲУȡһľͰݵϡľͰī¶һ˿ЦݣЩ
ǵħ׼ԪѪԡľͰѾڲкܾöûжˡ
Ҳ֪ʦôˣҲҪӿٶˣȡܹռʦīţȻʼľͰҺ


544 Һ
ЩҺȫǳīӻдģԸƵĻָž޴ĺô
֮԰һŮΪŮбһʦҸī֮䣬ҲйٵĶԹ
һī£ͷѹ˵ôء
īЩ鷳
ĿǰŮԸ㣬ϵ·ѵȻ󱧵ľͰС
īץŮ֪ԭ˲ҪҪæʱ˿īУȻ˷ߺޡҧ˵Ǵˣ˹һʬΣ
ϻʲôͿ㣬ȻҿԱ֤Ҳˡī˵һ䣬תš
ŮվŰ״̬â˸ƺڴʲô⡣
ī洫һһȫҵʶƿ֮УҪԼ
Ůһţ̲סŭȻʲôܸ֪ΪʲôҪ£
Ȼô˵ȴûٶʲô˼Ѿõ·ѵǿµ˿ڣŮѾȫƿأ˿Ҳ̲סһ˿ͬ顣
ţаοԼŮһǸŮˣ֡ȻĻôãôܻ˶
Ůһֹţһ߽ľͰ
ԵŮڽľͰ֮͵Ķһ£Ů滹Цߣ˳Ȼֱϴ裬Ź֣
춼ľ磬Ȼ޷ʶЩĸ߼Һ
ȴܵ
ʵϣˮ֮󣬲ûʲôĥҪǱܵʱΪսܵ˺ء
ʱҪɱģϧֱӳס
ȻˮεأȴȻڡԣīȳһ˲䣬Ѿ֪Լþˡֻǵʱ֪˭
ž˳īȻѾܾöûǸһӾǸǳī
ʮǸСƨҪɱ
ֻ컯ŪˣҪɱˣȻһһֻ̣ޡ
īʮϸץһŮˣԼȴ㵽ʱױжˡ
ŮˣǺܸԵģȻҲ⡣
ϲᣬܶʱʵֻһ֮顣
µŮ˵īʱĸоҲֻɬȴ޷С
뵽ľͰ֮ǿƥ˲뵽壬߰Ů˸оޱů
һʱʱʱ
һֱɫȫһصƣȻָ߰˰ˡ
Щͷ˿ڣ˿Ѿȫϣ̺۶ûһ㣡
ȵĿԼùŵгӯ׵ı𺳵ˡ
Űʱ䣬ƼȫָʵȻҲ˺ܶ࣡
⵽ʲôˮȻЧļֵһܰɣīȻϽְĶҵϡؽ󡭡ԶлҪࡣֲһѩڰϲ
һḧԼ±ù⻬ϸ۵ļһš
ⷿŮĿһ˵ͬ񼣵ı仯
ǰǸ֮ǰ˽Ůˣֻһʱ䣬ͳ׻ָΪһǧĵĴŮ
ûм̫Ů˵ֱһ־޴ϵĳ
㣬ȻȫָˣŮ͵Ƶȼ̲סеĺ棬ʵˮôô棿
ӣһŮ˵֪һԲˣ
ŮͰѾûǵˮмĵ˭ϴˮ
ľνѣѾ˺ܴĸı䣬ȥԽӽ´˿ŵжԹϵŮҲƽ͵ľһЦ鷳㣬һ·𣿡
ֲŮŮüһ䣬ȴ߳ŵĳīݺݵһۣȻȥȡ·ȥˡ
ֻطȺ˵꣬Щ˶žԵҳϣûжЩ˽и˺ˣϵЩˣԭ顣
˵ˣֻһȺӵż츳ȴʲô֪Ŀ˰ˡ
ʱӷﴫӣллң֮ҵġ
ī˵Ųÿֻ֪Ҳڵʱ䣬ʲô飿ôоǳױһ
ǳױˡһӱõͳ
ͨī֪һ̫꣬顣
һͷԼ³еЩϱһҹ֮䣬ȫսЩɵˣӵÿģǿסһӵģȫǵĿܡ
ͨһķչѾǿ˲˼ĵز


545 ׼ǽ
һҹһǷɵϱƴͻΧȥȫսˡӳȥ֮һʼ˶ۼһ𣬾˶࣬վһ㡣ܿ죬ǾͷǴˡһţȻľͰҺŵĵѾƥУ˶һһ֣ҲֻǱһ򾡡ԣǺȫֿˣأ಻ԡ
˵һͷɵЩϱԼûʲô飬еһЩˣҪ˿̣īЩϱֻ֮ʣ˸С
īû뵽ڹ澹ȻħĴУȻЩУħ幦ĳīô黵ͻӹгʱ̫ˣ
ȺЩˣһ꣡ī꣡
ħֶΣīλħĴУҪһֻ꣬Ҫ£һ֧˼Ŀܴ
ҿõģĴУȻĻǸ鷳Գī˵鷳ҲԲС
Ѿӹ꣬һɺ͹³һսҲѾȥһʱ䡣չʲô̶ȣ˵
ǳīܹŰ˽磬Լƨɷ硣ֻ飬īôó
ȲôˣôȰ˶˵ī¶֮ɫȻŰ˵ɣôˡ
Ǹȥȡ·ŮӺڰ߳һ˫գſųī˵˵飬ģ
ī֪ŮʵͻˣԼ֮ĶԻȥһ룬ҲǹģҪȺ˵ƣȻҪԼԸ⳨顣ȻĻīٶֶΣҲѳ׵ĽӰȺĨ
Ȼģú룬ԼôطģīһŮ˵Ȱ·͹ȥɡ
Ůҧ´ҡͷ˵ܵģƭ˵ģ˵ѣǺˣ˵
˵ţҲīֱӳ䣬·Ͱߵһӣתߡ
·īߵʱ򣬻̲ס˵Ƕǻˣҵʦֵܱ˺ö࣬˺ܿͻŹǵģ
īЦҡҡͷû
ܿ죬һɫȹӷ߳˫糺죬ƺЩ˼ī֮߳ϥīһȻ˵ллˣҵҺˡΪֻպ󡭡
īڰ֣û˵ȥЦЦһѩʦҸѣæҲӦõġοĳ׳ΪһӪˡҪͬԿء
ᵽɫ˲ҧ˵·ǣҲϧһҪɱħȻĻɣЩ޹ƽգҲꡣ
ǰħֶΣǲ飬û˿ζī飬Ҳñããҹɫ˵ʮڣȶһ·˵
·ЩԵĿųī
û֣ϵˣܲԾ𣿡īͨˮͨڽ֮ǰѾоϢ
뵽ϣЩ֮󣬸λħ̸֪ʶһգѾףеˣ궼Ѿˡ
ֶʮֱָӽЩӡԼӡǡӡһӡϣǸֶΣȻĻЩһֱֻһˡ
ī˵Щ֮˶𾪵૵ҵձץΪҿе֪˵䣬Ҳ˵̣ȻؽεСҶϵЩˣȫû˽⣬벻ȻҲһȺĿˡ
˵ţ̧ͷųīа취һҪȾǣȻĻ̫ˣ
īû뵽ķţﾹȻ
ƺоī̽ѰĿ⣬Щε˵棬ǲǾһıŮˣ
īЦЩˣ츳ܸߵĺӣıµҲС̶һʱ䣬Ѱô˲šʡҵʱ䡣
˼ǣҲûȥἰ֮ǰĻ⣬һ˫Ŀųī
ҵ˼ǣЩ츳ܸߵˣǵˡīЦ˵
ȵſӣСڣЩ˼Ŀųīʧ㡭ҲЩħֶΣ
īǳ˳飬о겻ƺ䣬ϵûзı䣬īΪǰŮѩĸ˪
˭˵ҪħֶΣܽȺΪõģīһ΢΢һЦͷ֪ˡ


546 ѩΣ
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ΪʲôҪ뿪īһ
뿪ѵҪŴٰͽΣһ۳īˣҪȥĶҪǱ˸Χˣʱҿһʱỹ϶Ź㡣
ǾԿīһЦ
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аʤô
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547 ǿѹ
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Ůֵܼûе£ҪΪڹиԻ˼ߵĴСûйĴУǿѾˡ
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ǰҵУֻ֮һл磬ɹʩչʽ϶ܹһ̾˫Զ滹һǣңҲ֪ī
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δҰޣ׷ɱһܾãҲͬзŭ˿̼Ůȫ˵ֿЩߵϣȫ¶Ц
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һӰɲǼ䵽ǰȻʣʮ쾳ܼ顣
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īŮϵƣûж˵ʲôֱȡҩҩݸŮȻ˵ôôɵ򲻹Ϊʲôȥ
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һЩȵĿųī㲻֪


548 羪
һһ߸ѩҩһɫЩȻ˵Ǳ߲֪ʲô⣬㽻ǵĿھû취ʹˣ
ţīʱһɫĳ˵Ҳһʱûнȥˣһһֱڹշתأڸʦѧϰ
Ҫһôһ˵īʫͶŮӦûڵԼ׼ء
ȥʲôʱ飿īʵ
ǰʱ仹ءѩ˵
ôܣǸһīһڰæŮ˵û˵ֱھҪ
ھ֮󣬳īʱһΪҲȥˣ
ԵĿųī֪ڸʲôɿһһѩ
Ůûеõī׼Ȼ˵˶ųĬ
īҲû໰ʼĿھ
һΡȻЧ
һ£īЩˡ
ȻѾһʱ䶼û磬ò˵Գī˵żΪҪ壬Ժŵ˵īеĵȫ
˵лųīеĲϡ
ôīЩʧĹһ䣬ȻʲôӲȡŰ塣
ҵǣŰ廹ܹʹõģ
īʼŰϵϢܿ죬īҵ˹µһЩϢ
ˣ˵˲ĽΥ˻ĹΪһ˽꿪ţһ˷֣Ȼ󲨣Ѿкܶϱ֣˵Ҫ˲Ľָ˵
˲Ľ̬ǿӲЩϱⲢûֹܹһЩ˵жΥ潨ĹֱӱܶĴŭʹùԿ˲һƬҡ
˵Դһ˽ꡭ
뵽е˽꣬ݴһгī˲ûãΪ˺ܶӵܣֶɱڻСܿ죬һְ׵꣬˲˻磬СϢְӵ൱ҩֶΣ鵤֮䱣еĹϵ
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ֻôһ仰⣬Ѿ㹻˵ܶˡ
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ʵѾˣ
һѾȥˣȴȻֳ˻˲УһʵĴӼߵľ磬䵽졣ؼ֪£Ҫǻܱ侲ŭĻǲżˡ
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棬ӦûƲ˵ҡ
īаؼҵ˸ʫпֶܷҲŮȫʧˣδؿϸЩ˻ȥȥˣҲûκֵָ֤ܹ֤ܸɵġ
֤ݣֻгīУҲпܻУݻĹ֤ݣ϶óȻǸʵˡָ
Ͼڻе黹кܶ࣬һ֪֤ݵĻԺ˭磿
һӢֵ϶֣ûˮõԼͽͷϡ
£ԭͷ֮ˮڵǸС棬ûб˿ǳīվ֤ݹ֮ڡȻڹǱˡ
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ؼҡҺһѹŰϵһЩǲܱȽɾϢȴȥѹЩϢˡ
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뵽⣬īŭȻ֪ôˣҲ֪ʫͶôˣǷǱصˡ
ʫΪʲôҪ뿪ǣѵżҪ
ī̲ס̾Ϣһҡҡͷһ൱ӵϢ


549 鴫Ѷ
ʱ򣬳īȻ΢΢һоһϤϢԼ߿ٸ
īʶ̧ͷһۣУһֻ˶ĹƴԼ߷ɣ棬мʮӰڷ׷ϡ
īүҪ˸ˣ̵СүţүǲŹģ󹫼īʱ˵զզв
ʮâŴ󹫼˵Ĺֱ
үˣ󹫼ų򣬷еٶ⣬˲䵽˳īǰ
īԶһǱ߻иӰߡ
Ҳ֪󹫼ôһǵôˣȻٶȣܹ׷ϡ
ī˵߱죬ֱʣĵ׺ǿҵĺ⣬Ҳ࣬Ƭ̵Ĺ򣬾նɱʮ쾳Ŀߡ
ЩĿѣۡ
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ʵϣīֹͬ޵У֮ǰûеõټҴеʱѾܹԿʿڹ绢Щ쾳Ŀߣȫûκѹ
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ٿī治ɫĴл£󹫼ī¶һ˿ºͣôͻȻܹˣ
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ʫԼָеһЩȥȡһЩĲϡ
׼Լ˵
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ʫԭͲرó֮ľ磬ҲûиıԼò˵ֻƾһӰӰϳ
ˣؼҵһӵܡ
ΪؼңʫѾˣؼӵҲ֪£Ȼ𾪣ҲԼŪˣǾ͸ʫ
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һеһУؼڵһʱ䣬ȫìͷָ˳ī


550 ŭ
˵ֵϵɣںܾǰʫͶʱֵܾѾڼгͬ£ֱǰؼҺͶǸˣ
˼ҵ̬ȺܳϿңûбŮӣ
ӢˣҲȫˡ
˾ôģֻԼ֪ˡ
ԴһʼؼҺͶҾȫûлɹ飬ֵܸġ壬ͬһʱ䣬Ŀ׼Ǹ˽꣬Լ걳ġ飡
飬ȥƺܲ˼飬ؼҺͶҡǰæң˼֮ƫƫôˣ
Ҫ羫ӢάתҪһЩԴͬҲܸŴܶûеı˵֮Ĺϵǻݻ
һ־޴Σôǽ飬ҲΡ
ԣؼҺͶһ壬ƹƽ齻ʫͶҽǸ˽ꡣ
鵱ȻӦ˵īˣʫͶ鶼ύǡ
鲻Ǽ򵥵Ĺ˼ǲҺܶĵˣʫͶһǸԵļ壬ʲôŮȫīźܴĹϵһǽȥôīó֤ݣʱ£ܶҪҶ֣ؼҺͶҾͻѹ
Ͼһ˽һ֮ѡ񣬼ˣѡߡ
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˫ìܣֱӼؼҺͶҵȻܰѽôҲʼĹо޴©ŰϵʱϢ綼Ļ̡̻
ܶ˶ɣʫͶ֮䵽ֵز˽Сһ˸ɵģûֱ£ⱳ˵нİ
ıֶʲôʱ򶼻г
һʱ䣬磬Ⱥ鼤ܡ
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˷ʱı򣬰ī顣
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Ҳ˺ܶ˹˽һҪ֤ݡ
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ڼգ켦
켦һ壬һ츳ͨ󹫼Լ̫ȴ֪
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Ѵ󹫼е磬˴󹫼ͭƣµǰӡͭƵУΨгīѪɿ
īܹĸоķŭΪƹߣȻɡ˵ȷ̫ƻľٶʵЩ˵Ӱ첢
˵Ӱܴ󣬽Ҳ⣬Ϊ綼ǳīģ
˸һȺ˼͵ȴûһ˾Ķ
߳īڻУīһĺöʮƷĲϣ
Ȼгīȥþˡ
СӣһΣһҪҳѽ֮֮֮֮ľľΪֹҶ˻۳Դ׼ʮƷĲϣһݳȥԪ֮⣬еĲϣ˵˽Ҿ˽ǿЩ֮⣬һĺö㿴˾֪ˣסǸݣûκܹ֪ģǸܶ飡Ǹݣȴֻڻ硣
īڻϤȫ֮ɫ滺
ʫͶڽı֮Уڣûбƣ
鴫һȫµĿھʱ򣬿ھ뵽УֱȥýЩ
ֻҪٵõԪг֮ˮ֣ʱԷ磬ȥе
ò˵һǻȥˣΪЩ飬κ֪¶ᱻŸȲ˵īЩԴĶ壬δһó˵֧֣¾ǵҲˡ
飬лл㣡īĬĬ˵һ䡣
Ȼͭһ۴󹫼Ȼ˵Ҫץʱ䣬Ҵ߶ҳȻ񣡡
һѩ˶΢΢һ
ī˵ΪǻиҪҪ


551 Ķ
ȷв˵飬ȷǸҪġīҲҪ֪ЩŭĽ飬ԼʲôǿԼĶƺʮƷĲϻҪõöࡣ
ֻʮƷѾóīζЦˡЩߵЩˣȻ΢δĳɾͣԲ
ڣ˽ֻʣһ鷳ֻҪ鷳īԴЩˣ磡
һٻӰīļ䡣
꣬㻹𣿡
İ׻½ҪЩ˷֣һ൱ѵ顣Ҫҵ˵ĻǾ̫ˣ
̶ʱ䣬īŴ󹫼ֱ߰ʮߡ
Ȼʱûзټīݣȷ⸽
һѩȫԶԶĸšǸ͸ϳīٶȣֻܱһȫľ룬ԶԶĿųīһһһеС
죬īͨϵʾȷķλ
¶ɱ⣬ڵķ򣬼۶ȥ
ѩһԶԶĸں档
˿̣λڹħ˽綥ţָǧ쾳Ŀ߰Χһɽ
ɽϣվżˡ
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Щ˵ϣһǴصơ
߻вѾȥһͷӣڳıӻ£˹Ǵδ٣ȴûжһΡ
˪ǰվһӣͬԡѪü䣬ȴһɲ

һ˫У¶ĹâǾҳ鴤ţҧֶΣնͷ­ʬ壬㾹Ȼ
߼Ҳȫ¶֮ɫȻ꣬˼ȴǻڡļǵ֮ǰʬ塣ʱǻСҪһȥ˵ʬ壬Щ֡
ȴû뵽һѾ˻ҵˣȻö˶˵ĳǵǰ
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˪ȴ֪£ֻǾλ³ǵ᳤ϣı仯ô
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նɱûкô˸Źâһߣպźü档
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֮ǰľʮϤܡ
Ȼ˵ܲѣһж˼ܣĵԴҲ൱ֲġ֮ǰϴ׻½ϸɼǧԴûôߡ
ԴʱʱЩ˻ţôΣˣ
Է磬˼ͬҲ԰
ǧӵж˼쾳ܣһɽ׳ޱȡ
ÿһߵһӵ
ĹѾΣǵĴΣ
ǰΣûǻƋO˷󣬵סǵĹ
ƋOȴûܵסΣ
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Σ󱻹ƣԷڸʮܵĴ£
һͷɵЩӣҲʱġ
ûмʱϵĻƋOˣҲΣˡ
ĴδģĹҲͬΪˡ
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˶иģƋOȻô£Ҳ֪ī֮ĶԹԴӹгһֱڣƴı˵һ㶼жǼٻ
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ҡҡͷϺȻ¶һ˿Цݣʵ֮ǰҾѾ֪ˡ


552 Ѫ
仰˲ףƋOȴԣƋO΢΢һ
˵ȻڣѾĸԸȥ֣λãҴҲԻ͹Щλĭգ֪У
˵ţһۻƋOȻתɽ¹Ⱥ쾳ĿܣһЦ
ȻҸһӸ˵ҲһܣһģȴǸ壡ֻһǣڵңҲһ貵ģ˵ţͻȻʧС
ءôͻȻˣ۾һʵ
طüͷ૵¡Լ
ΪʲôҪ˵Լǿأ￴һһϴű֮ɫĻƋOие֡
ƋOȴû˵ʲôֻա
ʱʵУͻȻ俪ʼѪ꣬һĻʮֹ졣
˶ĿһĻЩѪ꣬䵽ȺϵʱЩߵ壬ֱӿʼð̣Щϣʼȼ
Щ߿ʼĲҽУܶ˵
ͬ˼һ㡣
ЩˣȫŵɫȻ
ѪԽԽ࣬ɽµɫױˣޱȵҧ˵ħΪѪ꣬һеˣ
վߣһֵĿһĻʵô죬ô죿ϽЩ˳ɣ
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˵ǧ쾳ĿߣȫѪմȾȻȻƴɽȥһУͽ͵ģ
һ嵽ɽ壬ȴڻＸǰֱӱɻҽ
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쾳ĿߣȻȫƬѪ
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Щߣȫûκα飬ǶֻʣǿսʶĿܡû̫ǣսȴޱǿ
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ɫޱĿǰɽһѪ£ȻһЦȵط磡СѾ죬һʧϵӣ
˵ţĿ⣬Ͷ˪˪ǰɣҽͬǷɵžۣ
Ŀ⣬˻ƋOϣ㡭ǲģ㾹ȻΪȥϵܣҪл࣡ԣΨһˣֻ㣡
ޣƋOֻ˵һӦ
ħһ죬⵽Ӧģ֪һڽˣȻһǧߣ߻ôˡĽֺŭ
طɫأȴ᲻ԼŮһߵĻСѾ
СѾǰõȴ¶һ绨Цݣ˵ǵŮⱲҸ
ˮˢһԵԽԼŮȴоޱȵıˡ
ûͣû㣡¡
СѾȦҲˣŻֵô˵±ӣһŮ
˵ţ˺ط֣±һڣҪһ𣡡
ţطӦһ
Ǳߵ˪ͻƋOȦҲˡ
ɽЦ±ӣȥɣҪǻɢ
ɢƋOµϣ¶м֮ɫ˵޷һҪ٣
⣬ѾǻƋOĵƣȻڹоѪҲõ˴УϾʱж̣ҲҪٶƴֻʣһ·
١Ƕ٣СѾ۾һ૵ҲҪҵ
ͺط硢˪ϣȫ¶֮ɫ٣
ЩˣȫѾ˿Զɽٵľ磬һֱΪûбʤİգ˭ûȥһ
Ͼ˽磬Ѿ̫ûܹɽٳɹϽˡ
īλصʦ⣬Ϊ˼ұͲ硣
ôһٵĻĺ˭˵áһ㣬ٵ϶Ҫǿ
ɽ٣ԭСڸ⣡
ôһ𣬿϶ŭ٣ôܻС


553 ħֶ
ãҪ٣ʱ϶Შǣɫ԰ףɽȺ˵ľٶʱˡ
ɫҲѿһ֣ϣ֮ǰɱǣ
䣡
ʣµܣͬˮһ㣬ɽϳȥ
ƋOУһĨȻ˵
˵ţƋOҪʼ٣ʱƋOĿȻ΢΢һԶ˫¶ֲ˼ɫһ£
ɽļˣȫŻƋOĿ⿴ȥԶʣһȼյĻ棬ͬһǣһӰȻվǻ֮ϡ
ǡƺˣƋOϣ¶޾ľϲ
ǣǣ󹫼ųâͬһȼյĴٶҲѾ쵽ܴﵽļ¡
ԶɽϵĻƋOˣ󹫼ڷ˷ܵ
īҲһôվǸˣ
Ǳ길ӣȻعͷԶŻʱı𾪣񡭡ŭ
ī
īվڴ󹫼ıϣֳ߱죬ϱ޾ɱ
еɱȫָɽ
УҲͬޱȵĹâңżٷĳīＷһ·͸꺮Ļīˣҵþˣ
˵ţ۾һУЩ޵ϣס
Ⱥ໥һۣж˲Ը֮ɫǸȺܲһû취ǵ꣬Ѿơ
ԣ֪λǳֲޱȵļɵȴҲֻӲͷƤӭλɱˡ
ʮӰֱӳѾ뿪󹫼ĳī
īûκԥֱӳ֣ƬյԪ˲γһ޴ķˮ֣
ȻǷˮͨ
磬ȻʩչͨΪԵĵ˲Ҳһ
ԸȺ쾳ߣ㹻ˣ
䣡
һĿޣȳīµķˮֵС˷˲ɷ޵嵱С
һ֮ĿޣȻ顣
ЩޣҲȫ󣬽뵽īµķˮС
ؼԪأȻƬսһҡ
޾ɷ˷ЩĿ޽нɱ
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ǰɽϣոǧ쾳ܡЩȻ˿ܣǵûԹѪ֮γɵɷ۸޷
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ԳīֱӹЩɷ뵽ԼµķˮֵУֻԸʮޣֱ´ࡣ
飡
нĺһ㡣ʮ쾳ĿޣֵĻᶼûУֱӱɷɱڿб飬ѪȾһƬա
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ɫüܵˮһԲųīȻͻȻХһն𣬳ī
ѽħ崫гԵú͸񣬶ԳīղµǸˮ֣Ҳ𾪲ѣȻ֪ʲôֶΣȴܹܵЩޱĵطʮֻҡ
ʮִƿƬգ˳һ࣬ҪԳī𹥻
īΪӵϽֶΣ˽ݺᣬڣգעųī
īһ¶һĨı飬ƾѧһħֶεôʶһ£ʲôħֶΣ
УīλΪħʦȻûнħĴдȴ̻˳īħСֶΡ
ȻλȥѾħ˵СֶΣħ˵ȴ˲õֶͨΣ
īԭΪԼʹЩֶεĻᣬôʹЩֶΣֱ̫ˣ
Դڹ˾ʵ̳꣬ЩħĴ̫֮ŭԹ顣˵֮ǰЩΪﵱѴ̵Ļôڵ񣬽ʮ˲п֮ɢΪ
޵ε޵֮߱
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ɫ䣡
˼Ŀųī㡭ôܻħֶΣ
ˣ
ԭʵգ֪ΪΣͻȻðˣ
ЩڳɽµٶӢߣȫóٻ
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ʱƬУͻȻ
ÿһһȥԹ飡
ī˸ʲôȻǲŹֵȵǾͲҪԥȥ˺


554 ֮
ī˵ţ˫ֽӡٶȱø죬Ƭգ˷ЩһֱγһƬޱȵƣֱֹȥ
ܣôܻħֶΣ
Ҫҹ
ٲ

ŭܿ˿־壬ˣȫɵɡ
ֵĺУܹڷ
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ûã޾ĺĲ
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ܿģΣٶȳС
ЩҲȫʧ
վУһ˫ۣƺīķһ˫۶ױɺɫȻкɫˮ˳ۿ¡
ţһ죡
壬Ȼ顣
Ȼ˳ֱӷɳ˷ܿʧС
ϢҲָ
ȴ׵ʧ䡣ֱûŪīôմ˵еħֶΡ
˾ʵļ䣬ЩֶΣǴ˵еֶΡܳġ
ˡ
ĿԼĶʧУһ˲䣬ĺݺݵʹһ¡
һ̣һʹൽԸӣԭӦÿ͸ӦЩ顣ϧ˵١ΪȨƵ棬Ѿʧ쳾С
ԣɵĴȻޱȾ޴󣬵ĵһӦǸӱ𣬶תܣ
񶼲ǳīĶ֣˼ҳֵʸûСôܻǳīĶأ
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ۣ
һѪ˼ƺҪǰܡ
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ɱ

󣬳īˣڰ׻½Ĵϡ
Ŀĳ˶̲סꡣ
Ǹħˣֻϧûۿ״޵ҧгݣûмôģЩź
ǳ㲻Ը⿴ģܿ¡˪˵һ䣬Լһۣаǰϴܣ˵īʩչģħֶΡѵ˵īڹУҲͬõħĴУ
˪ȺˣһԾħ崫еĿ࣬ħ嶼ʹ޵Ըӡ
ħЩ̶ֲֶֿΣɿܣʹ޲ѡ
ЩֵĿһԼĽ㣬ʵΪʲô
˪ȴһ۳ī
ͺط磬ҲֵĿųī
СѾͻƋOϣû̫ı飬Ϊ֮£ڹеõ𴫳еǣҪ˸һЩ顣
νħֶҲãֶҲãʵӸ˵û̫𡣾īټЩԹ꣬ɱʵ־Ĵܣܹʩչ
ʲôֶΣҪҪģֶεˡʲôˣ
֮Ըе𺳲˼飬ؼȫ֪ʶԴ˾ʡ˾ʣֻһĴܣ
УôĹڵ˵Ҳһ˼顣Ϊ磬Ӱ
ľ磬ֻһ˵ûнӴ˭˵Լ
ԣʣûȳī˵СѾ㵭˵ʵûʲôǳһЩħֶΣܾĥͿ־ȥ
ʲôɴ۾һԼĽ㣺ⳡҪǼһֳƿ죡ħֶôˣǰһʲôˣ
ط΢΢һ漴ЦЩţǼˣʵҲǱĺݶˡ˵ûʲôֶΣȷҪ
ط૵ĿޣĿУĹ֮û뵽ǹȻһȺˡ


555 Ʈ칬
˪Լôһ˵ƺҲĽᣬųīǸӣԲЩˡ
˪ûн̫࣬ʵǱЩħֶθŻ֮࣬˵˾ǴˣһҪĳϡ
ī΢΢һЦ޷ʱֶΣҲֻ֮֮ò̵ֶΣк̫޹飬ɱѽͷ֮ޡ
ûͶˣֳ֧ī
ѩҲһЦ
飬ʲôֻ֮һӰ˵Ҳûʲôˡ
īЩˣипǧ׻½ʱĴɣСɣǺεȵʢ
棬ĳ̶ֳ˵ǰЩҴߵĸأȴȥЩ˵Ĳ֮أ
⻰һ㶼ţ棬һ֮ء
ûйĻڵĴɣĴɡ
ҲãҲãЩˣܶһѡ
ôӣûЩֶκʵĻôôľٶ
ʱôˣھʣǼһ˽īīĸп̲סһ˵֪֮⣬ֻɵˣ뿪˰׻½
ǰط粻ɸпһ䣺ò˶꣬ɡͽɳΪĶˡ
¶֮ɫ૵ǰĴɣѾɢˡ
ī˵ǲǶڡ͹³֮⣬һͷɣЩڣܹġֻĹ³һɣڱһˡ
ϣ¶ָ֮ɫԥһᣬһۺط硣
طͷһ
˵ӣһ֮롭
īŻǰôʲôֱ˵ǡ
СѾѣлһǰҲΪʱյݵλһǰҲǸ˻㹻ӡ
Ҳһǰе¶Цݣ˵һδ٣˽ɵĽѣȻڶȹҪٶȻָʢºˡǸţ롭ҵɷط磬ͬŮСѾһ𣬼Ʈ칬
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ôô￴ųīʵ
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ʵڳīȻϣЩ˶ܼƮ칬ģҲĺЩߵĲΡ
ⶫȴǺġͺñһʮ˴ˣȥһ飬ǲܵģ
ɫЩȻ˵ҲţƾһڣҪһ½ȷѡ࡭ҲֻһΪĶɡȴЩĴˣߵĲΣ
￴ųīһϵ˵ӲͬͨⳡѣǿúӾߵˣˡ룬ŽãӦҲôİɣ
Ǳߵ˪ˣ˵ͷ˵ʦ˵ĻȷҲҪ˵ġ
˪Ƿʵд⡣˵ţ˪ЩȻ̾˿ʱ⻹ûзⳡٵʱǷɵ˵ֻҪܹŴӹгպһȫ֧Ʈ칬ֳ֧ӡʵ͵Ǳ̬ˡˣɼҲˣʣ⼸ˡǶ˽ӵ־ҪЩ츳׿˲ţߵ硣һ顣
طǰĴɺų˽𣬵ʵϣѾ̫꣬û˳ɹˡǶţųӣһԳɹķ磡
ΪСѾԵʣطͻЩˣҲ֪ɣΪ֮󣬾ɽˡ
īЩˣЩ˼ĵôңҺܸжȻҾ;ȥŬã
һУһԳī֧֣ġ
֣㡣ѩ
Ӳ˭УƋOվڴ󹫼ԣһġ
ҲųӣСѾ˵
īܸж˵Σ˵Ҳ൱һΣȻģһ̣ҲоͷĵӣЩ
ӣûм뿪׻½ǻص򣬴Źʮ츳õ꣬ʼ˵ѰЩ֮·
Щ˲ɾ׻½һԵΣͬʱīҲҪЩúÿĿеˣǸʲôˡ


556 ϶
󣬹ϵȺ꣬һԸĸһȺ˵󡣺ܶ˵ϣãȻ֮ɫˣǵȻʱܣһ϶
ˣīûǵȥʶȺѪҲȫʼ֮ǰֲ˻ɡ
ǸСɵŮҲ֮ǰīץСڳīߣһ˫鶯۾ĴţȻֹģ
ôʲôҪ˵ģīʵ
ûûССɵƺЩ䣬ǡͻȻһЩ顣
Ŷīһۡ
СȦʼ죬˵ôϵˡ
ʱһЩ꣬Ҳȫÿ˶Щ䣬Ȼˣڣÿ˵ķӡϣ϶СҲһ
ī˵ʲôǿܻỳɣͬĻȴǸ׽ܡ
ӦãһУҵݣǼеĵճŮҵĸĸףмˣҶܺáСڻʲô˵죬ҷǰҵǳĲԸ
īĬţû˵ʮ츳׿꣬ȫ׻½ĴѡġѡḶ́˵ˣ϶졣
ҺСʱ򣬾¶һЩϵ츳ҵĸĸҽ뵽֮УǶһǵ߷ΧڣֵܹġС˵ţϵˮʼ
һߵСɵߣ˵Сã鶼Ѿȥˣ㲻Ըڵʵؼҵġ
īһһȴû˵ʲôȻСɵŮܹô죬ûгīİ£Լͳӡô飬ȻǸ츳ѵġ
ԵĻīȻŹֺӡ
ÿ˶Լ룬ҲԼˣӦѡԼȨȻĻ񣬴ӱ˵жأԣһĳŵīûзԡ
СĲԸԼǰ½ôīҲȫ
ҡѾûмˣС£ҭˡǸħ£Ų츳Ķ֮Ҫǿдҡҵļ˷𷴿
С˵Ѿȫ˵˱˵㡣
һｫСɱԼĻıްɣ޳ͺˡ
ѾˣСɵļˣ˵ǹ壬壬ҲеͨˡһȺ쾳ǿǰʲôءᣬʬܶѾˡ
Щ꣬СɵĻɫȫЩ԰סм꣬ͻȻһԴڵϴʹĺ
һ˵¶֮ɫȴҲΪЩ飬ҪԼͦ
īȷʩǵӡ򿪣ҪЩȫſΪǰᡣ֮мһİ˳׷ſģһīǵڶأ
һһ㣬ؼ⡣ǳīͨʩЩϵӡĻӸ˵ʵһεƣ
ֻЩ꣬񣬵ǵȴֻϳīӡǡ
īϣЩˣԼ
˵ֶںܶУֵһᣬڳīɣǺҪġ
һˣԼ˼붼ƿأһ߿ܣʲôֱ
ܿ죬Щذ꣬ȫֹͣʹȴһ﷢ܶ˵ϣȫˮ
ȻҲȫһУ
ʹõֶΣʵһ㶼ʡ޷ǷӡЩһּ䣬ȻǵԼӡȺѪ꣬ΪõˣӦǵˣ
УһЩˣóϴԣǷĸ˹һ۵㣬Ǹ˳׵׵۵㡣ֶΣʵҲһϵĿƣֻܵͼˡ
ֶΣϴԣֱӡϴ飡
һϴˣԶᱳ
гһˣЩ˲Żģһһûʲô̼ĻȥЩҲһӶᱳ
īĳ֣򡣴ǵȥŰĵطЩУĴ̼
ͨǵӡһѺۣȻͨЩĴ̼ЩѺԽԽ
ڿīĿģǴﵽˡ
ʮ꣬еһ룬ȫ¶ʹ֮ɫȻ϶ԽԽĽ
ˣڤ粻飬ޱȳӵĿųīһԵģŭͨǱˣˣԶᱳ˵ģ


557 
˵ţſһﻳСɴ󺰵СɣѰɣһжƭģǻûиĸȺˣȫĹ¡
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һĸߴ꣬Լʮ߰ӣ˫ͨŭ꣺ȥģвİ׳գĹ¶ȥɣеģȫҶǸɱˣ
˵ţˮ̲סȻųī£ллΪұ˳ɱǸҪһ¡
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īûǸڤ粻꣬Щ飬Ե֣ԼǳīҲǿ󡣾ˣѾˣҲȥָȥʲô¡ƾڵľ磬Ҫڰ׻½ȥҲʲô¡
īǸԼǰ꣬º͵ʵʲô£
ԸŹӣ뿪½ҵļˣѾˣֻԼӱˡĸߴ˵ţȻӣȻؼң˶ãȻһ֮ٻ湫ӣ
Ҳؼ簲ˣǵˡҲȫǶħСʮ꣬ȫ˵
˵գ˲˵ͷ
Ǽڤ粻꣬Ҳȫɵۣϵǵ϶ҲԽԽ󡣺ܶʵļ䣬ͬˮһӿͷڼԼ˭
Ѿȥ֪Լ˭һ̣ͬһ㣬ֱ˺Ҹ֯ĸо޷
īȺ꣬ЩصĵͷȻһˡ
ʱ˪Ȧͨվ˵ǣֳɼ֧飬ǸԻؼ˺ˡ;ܵЩӣ϶Ƕ֡
ǰǸţ϶ᰲȫܶࡣͺطҲվ
䣬΢ȦҲ˿̲ƽģųī˵ҲԴһˡ
ǣҪһһ֧飬Щ˲ͬķ򣬸ǰīУҲһֱŻе飬Զ˵ʾ޳ɡǶһΣգмǱԼ
İɣѾˣĴҲˣڰ׻½ϻҲ࣬ǶĶԸġһ˵
īͷһ۴󹫼
󹫼ܴ˵үٶȿ죬ݹȫ֣ϵÿһ֧飡
ǣˡī˵
󹫼ЩİԴһԣ˵Сӣֲֹѣ
һȺȫʮ𾪵Ŀֻ󹫼ǻǵһμ󹫼˵г֮ɫ
󹫼мɨһȺСƨȻ˵ˣԺܺܳһʱ䣬ɼүǣԣȫסҪѧļүƨ
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󹫼ʱЦСһ㶼ϰף
˶̲סЦǹɱ˵գҲ֮ٺܶࡣ
Ŷ󹫼һ䡣̫꣬𣬵Ȼϲݵա
ī󣬶˽һ䣺Щӣĸ뿪ģҪǿ󡣡
˪ͻ˵˵ͷʾס
󣬻ط磬һӣСѾƋOһӣһѩһӣ˪ãһӡһĶȺֱ꣬ĸͬķȥ
Լصڴۡ
ڳīȥ˲ûѯʡΪǶ֪󹫼ոī̸һЩ飬ƺҪī񣬿϶ҪȥǼˡ
˻𣬳īһĴתһȦ÷ˮͨе֮ҳһЩֱӽ
صϡ
ΪīȷԼһν磬೤ʱܻԣϵŴңġ
ΪĴɾݵĹѾķͬһ㡣һ㵭֡
ī˵Ľֵϣаˮͨ˵Ȼ١ûˣȻҲûΪﾭܶεսٵˡһû֮һͺܿռ
īһõĽΪ磬룬Ҳʲô˻ƻ
ھ֮һص˲佫īȫ
ţܴһԵĿռ⻹ǳīһΣԵĸоռڹһѧЩûаѧ
󣬳īǰһ䣬һϵĵõС


558 Ʒҩ
úܴǳտܵǽȫǾ޴ʯɢŲɣϵϢ
УȻûһϢ
õ񷶥֮ϣǶŴ飬ɢ͵Ĺâӳյͬ硣
м䣬һž޴ϣڷʮƴİӡ棬ԿŴģضָӣīϸܵһʮǿҵĿռ䲨
󹫼棬˵Ļ
ѵʮƷĲϣʮռУī¶ɻ֮ɫ߹ȥ
һУþϵںϣûһų⣬ֱӸ֪Ķ
棬ȻװĲϣЩҩģȫɢǿҵһЩͨ飬滹һЩšȻĻеһ˲䣬Щҩģܹ롣
īһ飬ʮ棬װŵĲϣȫһģһģ˽ƷĲϡ
īи̾ǳ޵еĴֱˣ
Щ壬ҪһóʮƷĲϣҲûôס
ɽЩŴ壬óһֲ϶Ϊѡ
˵磬붼Ҫ룬Ͳóֲ
Լ̫ˣǺùͷˣ
Ȼ˵綼ģīȴû־
ΪͲܣ
һӴ嫵磬ӵŸָͼƷĲϣеĲϣҵôĳ˵ģ
ܳīɽԼĸĸйأҲǻɰˣûκ֤ݣܹ֤¡
˵Ϊ鿴˳ءֿȻ΢΢ҲһܶûС
鲢ûгԼЩԣīãܱܿһЩסˡ
ϾôĺŴһȻƹ磬ҲһӰ춼ûС
飬Ψȼ棬һ죬ᱨģ
īţʮƷĲϣ
ȻĿ⣬ߴͬһı󣬻ڷһͬľ޴ӡ
ī߹ȥһֱߵǰϣͬڷһС
ֻУǺɫģ
ɫŨī
ͬԿŴģɢҪԶʤЩӡ
ѵװģеЩ𣿡īЩ֣ץС
ͬûһ˿赲īľ񣬱ϵںһ𣬸ܵеĶ
еĿռҲҪЩӴܶ࣬ѷŴĲϡеĲϣȫԿĵţң滹з׭ķӡ
ȻˣһЩҩģڸܵīľ֮ɢǿƺҪֱӽīһ˿ץס
飡
īػɫ˲԰ס
һѪ³
˱һ
֪һҩĶԼ֡ҩ棬ܵǿҵĺԼŨŨĲм
ԣǲм
ƺһľȫмһˣ
ܿ죬ʮڷλõҩ棬ǵͷ׭ʼ˸ĿĹâ
ѹǣ
īһû뵽ЩҩľȻ˿ֲӡ˳̶ȣȻֳܷйҪûзӡĻոһ˲䣬Լ¾Ѿ˰ɣ
īǳ˳飬ףΪʲôӹ񣬼ûܹеˡ
ԭУе¸е죡
ûнæƾԼҪе¸ûκϣ
īҲǵڣףежô졣Щϣ˿ֲ
֪ǲıһССӸĲϡīϢһᣬþīɫɢҪ˵ǣϣû˭һǿƥģ˭ôСʱǵԣűĵҩʧһǵԣǿ
䣡䣡䣡
ųīУҩģȫ궯
һĺ
ҵݳŷŭ־塢мӡ
ûһƵ
ȻЩҩģһ꣬ȫӵżǿԵģԳīݳͲͬ
īЦһǺúȫǰɣŰɣҷ磬ͳͳˣҲãҲգǵˣѾע
ī˵ţ˳īӣսУһӵ
û뵽Ȼһûʲô˼άҩĸˡ
Щҩģȫһ飬ǿȥǣܹʵϣǸ飬ֲһ˵ףЩҩģûдﵽ־磡
ȥƺֻôһ㣬ǾͿж˼ʽʵϣһ㣬ȴǵ
Щҩ˵Խǵ
ܹ飬ӵж˼ʽӵжʶЩҩģ𡭡ѽץ
Щ˾ġ


559 ľű
Щҩȫ֮󣬳īһȻ󣬿ʼĴ˵һڻʹõݡī΢΢üͷ룺νݣֻʲôƺҪܱЩĲϻҪҪ
תһȦ󣬳īһҵһСš
ӻֺĴСţЩܲˡ
ֻһľţһ־ƾ£ҪõľţīɣԼŵʱ򣬻᲻һͰˣ
ʵ֤ľţֻǿźƣīȥƵʱȴܵĳء
ΪһӾȻûƿ
ôī¶֮ɫȻ滳ľŻ᲻ѾõȴûΪΪīΪһŶ
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ΪľţȻûκҪļ
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īվƨɣٴγǱ߹ȥ˳Ű뿪ţֱӽķ䡣
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īָоϵϢûбѹͷųĻ˲ܽɱ
ƾϢɱһˡĪǣһʿ
īûĴʿ˵봺ǾһŵΪĶʿ
봺ڸīʱ򣬽Ϣȫȥͨû̫
īһνʱҺд裬ʮңԶľ룬ܵǿ
ڽ֮ҲϹЩ˵ϣֲܵѹЩѹǰǹϢѹͲʲôˡ
ҲǳīһΣֱ۵ĸܵʿѹ
ѵ˵ǽ˼ңҵǸݣȻֻڻʹã⡭Ҳ̫˰ɣīЩŵ
ΪȻ˵ĵڶ飬˵һڵʿӵһߴ޽ɵɵڶ֮ʵԽ
ī־ܣΪҪӵеڶҲҪȵڣӵеڶԪʱܹ
ôԵʧ󣬽Ӧò᷸ɣ
īüͷĿƿȻʼⷿ
󣬳īĿ⣬䵽ⷿǽڵһ͹ϡ
һһ߼ʯⷿǽϵʯһֻ΢͹ôһ㡣Ƚԣīһ۾Ϳ쳣
һī߹ȥ֣͹棬΢һ㽫͹ʯ˻ȥ
ţһصʯȫ˻ȥǽϣ¶һһ߼Ķ棬ƺʲô


560 
ī֣ȥһƣī˳
ЩͳŨŨƣīľʶС
СӣܹӦѾƽ˽е˰ɣҲǸŪ飬֮ǰ֮ûн֪㣬Ϊ·ǳҪ֮⣬޷κˡֻ켦Щ䣬Ҳֱӡ
ϵĵãλڻ֮ڡȻǵҲ޷롣Ѫ֮⣬ûκܹԣǱȽϰȫġ˵仰ʱ򣬽ֱ
ʮƷĲϣԼһеĲϣǲǶѾˣЩĸסƷĶţҲκ˶ܵõģû츳ǴճҲӵСԣЩϣ߰׵ĶȻ֧䣬ȴҪмǣҪ㲻ͬĵСǸһУ˵˴У¶ʵĸ顣
ī˵ͷȻ֪˵İɣ飬һǵģ
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īϣ¶һ˿Цݣվǰһ˵֪ˣ
Уڼϣž޴ܣԼӦҲоˡסҪȥ̽Ѱ˵ûκκôгһգɹ̤֮·ʱȻ顣ھôŬȥ׷ѰҲκˣҲඣˣˣϲ¡Լ·ԼһߺãӦÿʯеˣǲһ
īͷͷһʯмվŵˣ˵ֹǴһֱޱ𾪺òã
ⲻһˣˣЩζûеĸƳһ硭ҲֻƳôһߡ⣬ҲǡҲ㣬һˣֻڵ㣬߱׼Ԧڵľ磬ÿһΣҲֻʹһʱ䣬ʱǧٳˣȻĻܵµķɣңֻе˾ȫָʹõڶΡҲʹáУ㲻ܰȥʹãȣ㼴磬ݲһɵѹΣһй¶ԣ뽫ĲУΪĸϢмǣмǣмǣ
һ˵䡰мǡ
ҲסҵĻһ죬Ϊ˴޽ɣ磬ѾļԦ߷ʱ򣬵ʱʹҲһҪס߷ܵ죬˵ǵ𡭡ҲߣΪ硣ҲӦó硣
仰óīɫҲͬʱһͣ
оⷬУ̫Ϣһʱ䣬ЩãȻ
ĶҲӦó磿仰ʲô˼ѵ˵һģ
īҡҡͷ⣬ʵ̫ˣľ۽磬벻ͨ
ҪȥЩ⣬ֻҪ֪ھӵɵľ磬㹻ˣƺ֪ī˼룬һʱ䣬ͣһᣬŽ˵˵䣬ͣ
ΪѾ㵽仰óī׾
ȷ˽仰īоԼҪܺˣͷ޺Х
һӵɾķֱֱ̫˼ˣ
ң˼Լھʹ߷
ÿοʹһʱ䣿
һʱ䣬Ȼ㳤ҲԿԽܶˣ
ֻǡԼڡĿʹһ߷īȻо˼飬ġ
ֲɢϢ˿ֲԭһɾķ
īǿԼ侲
ʱ򣬽ٴ𣺡ǺǣСһ˰ɣ⣬ʲôֻ߷ôҽô죿
īһĵȷԼ˵Ȼ˲õı˵ɡ治ʲôԼе׷ˣûʲô
𣺡߷ʩչ߷еȫʵ࡭ֻܷӳʵΪѧЩͨľʩչЩͨԣһҪСġԺʲô磬ʩչʲôͨ
īǳ˳飬Щƣתһ룬һླֻʩչȭŹ򡭡Ҳ㹻˰ɣվﲻһڵʿȥ䣬Ƥһ㣡һƣƾɡҲܲ˰ɣ
гһգľﵽ޽ɵʱ߷ֱӳɳΪ磡гһգ̤˵磬߷ԳɳΪ𾳽磡ߡԷӳ۷ʵڽҿܣ


561 
Ҫרܹгɳķ׼ȷ˵߷Ѿﵽ˼µľ磡Ҫȥǿˡ
ֻҪﵽһ磬ܷӳ
ī֪Լ֪ʶ˵ܱ٣Űϣû˵
ÿʿܹڵһʱӵеڶġڵʱڶԪ񣬴ʿŬȥڶԪľ磡
Ԫһ̶ȣΪʵڶҪڶľǧѡ
ΪǵͬͬʱĵԴһܹܵġ
߷߾Ȼܹӳ۷ʵζţīֻҪ̤磬Ϳֱӵ˸Կʵֱ̫˸еˣ
ңļֵԶԶֹô㡣
ؼģȴǳīͨ߷ȥ־磡ȻڻԼĵ
ϵ߾磬·ѭȴ·ߣ
ڣ͸ȴͬʱ͸һͨ·
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ֲý˵߷ˣҲᴹߣһеĳᡣԭˣīȻ
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ԼļУһ𾳽Ĵڣκ˶᲻һУ
īҲ׽Ϊʲô߷ȥʹˣҪǱ֪϶һĴѡʱ򣬽ҪԼҲ޳Ī
ڻУһĴڣƿŹ򡣵ڻ֮⣬ȴΪ

īһһĨм֮ɫ
ʱ򣬽˵ڴԦ߷ĿھһҪס֮ǰ˵Ļڵ㣬ֻһʱ䣬߷ң뵽߷֮ıһҪսвغãҪǱУȥ㱾סһϵʱ䣬޷ع鱾壬ô꣬ԳʱԦ߷ʱɣУڻʹ߷Ҳһܱ¶ԼȻĻǿߣкְܶ취ܹѰ㣡ʱҡҲû취İȫ
˵ĺ࣬ھ档
ս˵ÿʹ߷ֻһʱ䣬ԣұҪһʱսīüͷ˵ڵңֻʹ߷һɵ÷ֻܷӳսܶأ
ī⣬ǳ档
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Ҫһ¡
Ƭ֮󣬻ĽصУһ춯صľ졣
һɢǿϢӰʮǱһϰĴ棬ӰȻʵĹâ֣ĳࡣȻĻһܹ޹ı顣
ī˰죬
ЩãȻ̧ͷͷϵգãŹһ䣺ǿȣȻԶʤҵ澳ˡ뵹ҲҪһɵǿϣȲ쾳澳ʣҲ̫˼ˡ
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ոУīЩӦ΢һķһڻͨĸо˲䴫ȫ
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ķлҪǿذī̲ס
ΪһɽгķɵУȻ⡣Ѿ˵̫ˡ
ʱ䣬īûٺҳʲôΪ֪ʲôط
Ľ
ǵĴܣҲΪΪܶЩطûС
ԣīʵʵԼһŶ棬ķĬĬϤ
ֱʱ쵽һʱ򣬳īܹԵĸоԼ˥ߣֹͣ˶ϤӲȡԼı壬Ĭھֱӻص嵱СȻ˲ƣһʱ佫߷սС
Ȼ󣬾޴ƣУ˲佫īû˾Ǵˮ̳һͷϡȫʪ͸ˣڿӵףָͷ붯
ãīŻָһȡһŵҩз¡
ǿоһ£Ӳϣ¶һ˿Ц૵˵ÿֻʹһʱ䣬˵࡭ʵڵľ磬ǰʱŶ԰ȻĻܹع鱾壬ȴĹҵоˡֻ׸ˣ
ī˵ţһķʱķīܹԵĸоԼһΡ·֮ܶǰɬĶһӱ˺ܶࡣ
ԭֺôīϣ¶ĵЦݡ
һԾ˷ŨīЩ̰һĵһĺõط
һ̣ȴЩɵۡΪͻȻ뵽Ľأ


562 ƽ
Ҹλص˲㣿һҪȥʫͶﰡīţ󹫼Լ棬ƺнѰԪصĿھ
Ҳַֻͨʽص˲ˡīЩΣΪӦȥʫͶԼŵ飬Ӧöˡ

ʱԶĵطͻȻ䴫һͳ޺
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564 ƽ
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ǰһ˲䣬īһ𣬾е߱죬ԼüĴи񵲡ҪͲܣ
֧ȥ죬ʵٶȴ쵽˼飡

һ춯صľ졣
īоһɾȻ
˫ֳֵǹɾȴȫûа취ֵ첲ϣѹҪһ㡣
߱һֶ
ţֱԶ׷ɳȥ
һѪڰУѾ
һֲ˹
һӰһŻƽһŮûκ
ĸƤ𪣬һͷٵ㷢һһβһɫľװѪӯһ˫ͬˮһ㴿ڰѪĳīŮһ˿ȣȻûɱ
ţ乭ųī׼˵ϣûܱܿҵҪܽҾΪ
˵š
ಣ
Уʱһƿ
һҪȸոһ
֮䣬Ѿ˳īǰ
īҲŮǾ仰ɻȣڶѾˡ
ݶ˭ҪŮīǳ鴤ţǿмԼȫȻԼڹУһλԼʦĴС
ĶΪԲΪһ˭ܽ£
īʱλʦ仰ܳԲΪ̫Ҳ̫ʵˣ
֪ΪΣŮīͻȻģλʦ仰
ͬʱλʦīĶһɲǣһ˲䣬Ȼޱıī
ԣλŮĵڶ
īһƫͷȻ͸ȥˣ
⡭ⲻܣŮʧɫֱԼ˫ۣţûκԥֱӾ˳
һλĶĹ֣
Է㿪һҲܺԥһһϵǰ;δˣȻûκԥ
˵
ֻûм
ŮֻǺԥеĹһ¹Ҷѡ
˸е𺳵ǣƽ磬ݺݵĲһ£
ļµļУλԼó뻯ʦ߳ī
ǰһǿļ
īԺУ˲һ⡪˵ͷܹȫǱʱ
һץ·һŹȻһҵľٶŮķһ֡
ŮǱī⻬ĶŪһЦϣɫ䡣
һã


568 ޼֮
ǸǷˣȻ˻һţһ飬Ȼɫ͵ľͱˡ
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һ죡
Уһ貶ĿĹâţһ˷ȥ۶Կǹ
⻹û꣬һɱֱǸŮһɻϢ˲㵽Ůǰ
ʱŮһá䣡
ȻһâŮϱһɢǿϢı
һȻ顣
Ů壬Ƕߵķݣ˲׷ɳȥ
ۣ
ī͵һѪѪɫƺޡ
³Ѫ֮󣬳ī˵ľһӱüήң߱죬Ȼ޷վŴ
ո³ѪУһ֡ľѪ
ʱ飬ʩչ޼ͨ
ûͨ
澳֮壬쾳磬īȻӲʩչһͨ
ۡҲ൱ֲġ
һѪеľѪٵڳīһۣ
ľ粻˵䣬Ϊֱӻһꡣ⻹Ϊʣʵ̫ǿˣ
ȻĻ־磬ֱʩչֻͨһǾǡ
ȿȡī˼£ֲֿƣУͬˮһϮҪ˯ȥĳ嶯
Ͳ˯Ҳ˯֪Ů᲻ٲ
סΪˣīҪ⻰̫˵㡣
˫ֶţȡŵҩȥо΢һ㣬΢һ£оȫ£ͬʹ⻹ûʲôҪģ̫ͷѣ
ԴҪһ
ϰٴΣīҧţӵӲվҡҡλΣ͵£Ǽţվ
ǸŮķһ߹ȥ
վСɽɽţһ˫۾Щ죬ȡһھΣ˲ʧԭء
һ̣˳īֹǸСռ䵱СҲǰǾʯףܵͬѹ
ۣ
ʵһѪ
ʣһ֮壡Ȼǵ֮壬ҲԲȵ̫֮࡭ȴ޷סѹҲŭһǰһ
ۣ
һѪʵĿ˫ۣѪ˿
ԥ˵ڶ
һΣûѪȴԼͷѿ
꣡
Сȡˣ
ʹʵɫ˲һ䣬ȴûʹһȴôȥ
ŵŵţȻһƨڵϣĺ飬˳ʵžĵɫҲ԰ޱȡ
ǿȣȻ
ôܣԪءǰֲûеõģЩ˵Ҳܱǿ࣬ƾʲôܹõȴУҡҡλεվʯףȥ
һΣ߳ȥĲȻ˻
˫ۣһƬѪ졣ҧǸˣ϶ǴʯףȻСѵǵ֮岻ɣСҾһУҲҪȥ
˵ţķʽ岽ʱһֱۣһѹѹ˲۶ϡ
һΣڷһƵʹ˻³Ѫ
ʱȣһֱۣѾѡ
ľ磬ҪָȻѣҪʯףȴȵ컹ѣ
Ȼߣƫƫ޷ӽ
ʴϣֱȡŵҩ̷ȥȻϥ£ķʼˡ
ã˫ۣȻһЦҵҪʲôˣܽ뵽طȥΪȥһܹõ֮طдŹ֣
ʵõЩϣȡԪȻޱȼѣûôѣ
Ҳ˵ʯױǸС棬ֻԪأ
϶Σ
Σġ϶ҲĻԵ
ܹ־磬ȻԣȻȥʯףҲ뿪ҪۿԷʯг
ȻɱԷ
ܶʱܹõһӵС

īÿһʹ֣һǰڼǸԵŮ
վŮǰһţŮī棬ȴûһ˿
Ůȷһࡣ
˵ԪصС磬ֻ֪ܽŮǴģƽе顣
ףֱӾɱԼɱߣ˺ɱ֮
īѾǸ꣬е߱죬òŮһն䡣
ʱŮһ˫ۣ˲
ˣ


569 ֮
ৣ
īе߱죬˲ͣŮüĴֻ˲һָľ롣
Ǳɱ⣬ֱŮüĳһѪۡ
ˡ㣬Ҫɱ𣿡ŮУһ˿⣬ųī
㵽˭īĿŮŵһɫľװ˵ͼƭңֻһλᣡ
Ůԭ˸żֹâī⻰֮󣬶ʱЦȻ˵ңǡ
˵īһ˫ۣעŮӣ˵
ɽ硣Ůˣ¶Цųī˵ұ˵Լ֮С顭
īһû˵
Ůֵʵ̫죬ҼԼûκιֱͨӾҪüɱΪīûһնѾǷǳˡԭҲΪǸŮǳīеĺ棡
С磬Ա֮ǰ֮ˮڵСҪ̫࣬ΣأҶԽҪ󼫸ߡ
˵ʯͲʲô˶ܴġѹǳīѾﵽ˴˵е澳ʣǵʣ¶û취
ƯŮȻܹ
·Ҫʹκα
ôģīǳ档
Ϊī԰ٷ֮ٵȷǰŮһصصˣӹɣ
ī棬Ųֲ˼ҪǻǸˣҲİ׻ˡԳīŻᾯŮҪ˵ѡ
īûвĻôŮ˵飬īʮа˾ţҲᱻƭȥΪŮϵϢ磬ʵ̫ˣ
Լ֮С棬ȴָĸо
ûƭ㡭Ůīû˵̲ס̧ͷ˵ܲܰĵÿңҺ¡
Ầ£īЦһ£ŮŹֱһֲĴɱҪ֣߱ҵõԼλܵĴУ͵סŮĹ
ԣŮ˵£װһģī˿Ϊ
ˡ˼ڶūˣɲԲҪôŮųͻȻ壬Ҳ֮ǰ˼ҲΪǻô
Ծ׼ɱңȫû㡭涼û£ī俴Ůе߱죬ҲȻûһ£䣺ǲС³һھѪ˵ˣҪô㣿
Բ˼ҴŮһӵı飬ˡ˼ҰԼ㣬ůѾͷˡ
˵ţֻС֣һ𣬿ȥʮ־ʹӡ
ٳѾͷҿɲҪīŮһۣм⣬ʵشҡ
ʰɡŮĵ
ú˵
õˡ
īЩʵô뵽Сģ
Ů΢΢һͻԵ⣬ȻˡǰԼˣҲĺܰʵ⡭꣡
⣬ȴܣκ˶֪ĸĸ
ͬŰŮһЩ֪ʶİһ¶ȥļ˵ζʲô
ԣŮ˸ĬΣһĿųīˡܻң֪Ӧøҵȫܣһȥҵļˡ
ī㲻˵Ļھˣ
˵ţ߱ĵ棬΢΢һѹ
ԭŮüĲһָĵ棬ŮĶͷ֮ϡ߱ǹɿµɱ⣬ŮֱӶһ¡
У¶һ˿ǿ֮ɫȻе£ȴȻ˵ǡɱɣ
ûʲôӰǰɣīһЦͻȻ߱˻ȥ
ǰѿµĵʧڳīУŮ沢ûκε⣬ӿһɲԤС
ȻīŰ򣬵ĿŮǲǾãڻ棬Ϣ£Ҳͻָˡʲôû˵Ҳʲô֪԰ɣ
ŮһĨ䣬ǳı飬ҲĿųīô£ϵƾʲôҪ㣿ߣҪɱɱȻҴûڻ롭һζҵΪأ
ī΢΢ҡҡͷ˵ζ㲻ϲġң㲻˵ҾͲ֪֮ˣ
㡭ŮɫޱȺȻųīȻ૵ܡ㲻ܿġҲ֮ʣҲ˵ʲô
īһЦŷҵŮôǺðɣͷҾͰĻǵĴСȻ֪֮ʡţҪΪͽˣҪ¯˿϶һ࣡
㡭㱰ɣŮʱŭӵǱβ͵Сè


570 ɽŮ
īֻǵĿǷһĨЦݡ
Ů֮ƽųīŭ޳ܣ
ô˾ɱͲɲ޳ܣīŮϵЦ⽥˵Ҫôشҵ⣬ҪôͷҾͰܹ֮ڣ
Ůؿھҵţ¶ߺ޵Ĺâã˵ô֪ģ
⡣ī˵
㲻Ѿ֪𣿡Ůŭ
֪ҵ顣īŮ˵˵ĳ⡣ңڻȻվһ顣㲻׵ľҪɱңôҪñɱ׼
ī˵ţĿһŮϾûǷʲô
ŮĬһᣬȷźܶɱˣ˵뱩¶ԼһɽŮʵûߣȴԳ֮磻˵֮ʡǰˣȷûǵʵԲһ㣬ѾɱҲʵ硣
ҵȷ֮ʣ뵽ҲΪҵʣ֮Уԭֻ˲Ůųī˵ǰӣҷһ磬ǽ粻֪ΪΣһѷ죬ҵʱ֪ͨǵѷ죬Խ뵽㡣˳ǵѷ֮ǵѷ졭ȻˣһΪԼ뵽һС棬ֱҿ˻ǣȥ֮󣬲ͻȻ֣ԭĪĽ㡣ʱȥѾزȥˡ
īŮ̲סüͷ棬ͬҲĺܡ˵ֽ磬̫ܻ֡ѵЩѷ죬ǽΪԼ⴩µģ
뻹ֿܡ
Ͼн鴫ԼĿھҪز㣬ͬҲҪ簡
Ůпܣ̫ãǸطһ˲䣬鷢֣ʱ޸
ȻҲֻǳīĲ²ˣŮʾ˵
Ů˵ΪҵʣҿԺĸӦ֮ĴڣԣֱҵطҾãҵĻԵ
㡭ɽ磿īʵ
Ůͷǵġ
īŮ֪֪ħ룬վûʳڡΪŮ˿̿϶ͦģʮа˾ŻƭҲʡ
ļ岻֪ʣīʵ
Ůҡҡͷҵʣģʱ򣬵õһμĻԵңƽû˹עҡ
˵⣬ŮһĨȻɫܿιȥ̧ͷųīʲôҪʵôҶ˵ˡҪңֻҪŰϷһϢ͹ˡ
ΪʲôҪ㣿ī˵
㡭ʲôŮЩĿųī
īЩεĿЦ㣬һҪɱңȴҪʲô
ŮЩųīҲԣҸǸңֻǲҵܱ˷֡Ͼ㣬ܹˣһĶ콾Һ¡
Ů㹻̹ϣһ亦£ҲȷԽΪ
ʵʿУǳɳܳɳһµĳ̶ȡҲǼƷ¯ɲò
ˣ£ôȥɣ߰ɡīŮ˵ɲû죬ȥǵĻѰҽ飬취ص˲ȥ
Ůһɬִڣôңֺγ֪Σգˣ̫취ֱɱڻСҪܻȥͻȥˣ
ҹ飿īʵ
ŮҡҡͷûС
ȻûУô֪û취īʵ
ֲʶҡŮһƣΪְǸһ𣿽Ϊϧеļ巭
ī̲ס˳飬˵ѵԼѾô
Ůһųī˵ҲΪѰ֮ɣ
īͷûзϡ
ǣҰҵܴ֮ܲӦһ£Ůųīʵ
ī΢΢һʲô£
Ұõ֮ӻңŮһĿųī㲻÷һ㣬ܹ뵽ȥҼˣ϶Ҳǿƥ
ôôȷīɫЩŹֵĿŮ˵ľ磬ҿ϶أɽŮһʵҲԪӤɣ
⻹˵ѲҲһ˳Žѷ뵽㣿ҲһõӦ֮ϢŮУ¶ֳŪ֮ɫ֮磬Ű˵С磬ȫһûǿʵʣʯһض
īȻŮ˵ƿԣ˵ˡǳ鴤˼£˵ʲô֣ڡʲô磿
Ů۾һϲ㡭ϰˣ


571 ˾ͼͼ
˵ţŮ¶Цݣҽ˾ͼͼھ磡
ãīǳ˳顣
ã˾ͼͼã˾ͼͼһյĿųīôЩһᣡ
Ǹˡīûжٳĵ˾ǸҲЩŮľ磬ڡѾӵеڶԪʿ֪Լһߣ±ӶˡҪϣƵһ£ɱԼ
أʲôŮһ˫Ӷųī
٣ҽгīīЦе˵
ˡᣡŮʱһŭĿųīƭ˼ǲǾҴŰ壬֪īʲôˣ
ûƭ㣬ľǳīīŮ˶ˣãˡ
ŮһɻĿųīƭңĽ֣
Ȼˡīһ̹Ȼʼ硣
ŮҲûڳīϿʲôаѵһûƭңҲгīһ̹ȻģҲ˵Ѱ
ȷ˵ѣûܱȳī˵仰̹ȻˣΪ˵Ķʵƫƫ˾ͼͼû뵽ǰλʵһӱ˵͵ߡ
ˣС棬˵Ҳȷ̫˼˵㡣ԣҲܹ˾ͼͼˣҲ벻㡣
ǣԺҸ˺òã˾ͼͼһĿųīĵ˼Ҳ˲ˣã
Ҿãûǻص˲ȥī̾Ϣһľ磬Ͳʺû˺㣬ܲһֱĻĶȥɣ
βƽµĽ뵽𣿡˾ͼͼͦͦظ𿴲ˣ
ôīЦʵ
Ȼˡ˾ͼͼӭųīЦе񣬶ʱЩû˵ʵϣһܹƽʹȻΪϵ֮ϡԺܶ̾飬û
ЩɢϢȴ˾ͼͼŵùǺȻҲܸīѰӻˡףԺط룬϶ôõˡ
ǻô˾ͼͼСĿųīżְ
Ǹոջɱأī˵
ѽôСۺòã˾ͼͼ
áīͷҡεø˹һ˵ȥ֮Ϊͻᱩ¶ʱ㲻һҾллˣĸҴ죿
ء۸ˣ˼۸ˣͲ븺Σ˾ͼͼʱ˫
ֻǿ̫ˣֻҪ̫ɵˣóװޡīҲ
һᣬ˾ͼͼ˳Լָī޶ԣʱŭҰõ֮𣡡
˵ҪæôīЦЦȻ˾ͼͼڰ֣˰ãڣڣ
˵ţīֱԥľߡ
ôã㻹Сأīģ̫ˣ㣬һ˾ͼͼһ˵һ߳ųī׷˹ˣô찡
ôԱ࣬ʲôµģī²ŻӰ粽ˮһ㣬ҪٰŮ
Уû˱Ļ粽У
Ǿͻ˲ȥ
һزȥ
ȥǣҵ飬˵˵ģص˲㣡ī˵ţȫϣգۼͽŮ˦Զ
ۿųīʧߵУ˾ͼͼֱţųīȻС૵һĵûôˣȻôĮѵ˼ҳĲ𣿡
˰֮˾ͼͼ̲סһųīʧķߣҰæܹõ֮б£
˾ͼͼ˵ţ㳯֮صĳڷȥһͲˣû˱û취棡ˡȥľ¥ŮԼײҲŲҪô׵Ļȥ
ܿ죬˾ͼͼ˳ڴһΣջ޴󣬵õ˴֮𣬽ĵ֮壬һСΡ֮ǰǸͲ顣
֮壬ǲҪȴ̫ѣˣ֮ܶʿ¡
˾ͼͼ㹻ǿ󣬲ǵѷ죬뵽㣬ҵ֮أٴ
֮ԲԸ뿪ԭ򣬾Ժ󡭡Ҫ뵽طʣ
ֻҪĻ֮ͨ𣬿϶ǲˡҪ֮𷽿ɣ
ֻϧһûҵ֮ԵԪ壬ûдԵͲ
ֻҪԼֲиһ죬õ֮ģ
˾ͼͼţһȥһ̣Ǿʯ׵С


572 ù
ǽָƣ˶־˵ʲôеķŭȴʮǿҡҺֶ˵飬ûб˵֪ʵٻܺһ㡣
ͻȻ䣬ʾǰǾʯƺжʱ˫ۣлھȣѵˡô͵õ֮ˣҪôһ±˴˵ʵˡ
ϾߡһԷҲһеĶ콾ҪӶԷõ֮𣬻治һ¡
ţʯ׵Ĺ׸ǣƿȻ󣬴棬һֻӨֱۣţһŮ˳ʯ˳滹ڹţߣļһĮ飬Ѫҵȡ
Ů˵ţ۾ͻȻɴʣһ̣͵ķһУ
ҲŮһڵһվһ̣ʹ鸡ϡϵƣûг׻ָء
˾۵С۵໥˰Σ˭û˵
˾ͼͼһ֮Ҳʱͣʣ㡭˭
棬Ҳͬĳ𾪣룬ȥһˣôһŮˣĪǡ֮أת˵Ա
⵱ȻǲܵģҲԼ뷨ܲףΨһĿܣȻ֮أȥġǸӣ
뵽⣬ʵɫø
ƾʲôǶܽȥԼȴУ
˭ʵ
˾ͼͼһãȻüͷģͻȻЦǰɣ
ʵһʱѿĿ˾ͼͼܺЦ𣿡
ðɡ˾ͼͼ
ʶʱᣬðʲô˼ڳЦʣõĴܣȻһŮӸЦеĻʵ˲ŮһЦ⴦֮أҿǷЦó
вң˾ͼͼüʱʡ
вΣ˵ѵõ֮𽻸ң
֮ȥɣ˾ͼͼ˵ţֱӳһŹ乭׼ʣҪȥ
ܹէһ棬׵ľҪɱī˾ͼͼƽŮûֳôҶ쾳Ϊȥ֮ƾΪʲôˣ
ԣʱֳв֮˾ͼͼԥһ뷨ɱˣ
㡭û뵽ŮȻ׺һԲϣȻҪɱ
ǵŮ乭һ˲䣬ʵͷʱӿһɾ޴Ŀ־壬һֱϢĸо
ûκԥֱӼһ͵ı
ոռŮļѾˣ
ϣ
СĿռ䣬ʱһ춯صľ졣
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ಣ
ţֱ֧
ڼһ֮˲䣬ٴμ
Щγ˼̵Ľ磬ʻ档
ʱʣǱɫ࣬ոķӦҪ΢ôһ㣬սʶ΢һ㣬ѾŮļֱɱˣ
һܣҪǱüڻ磬һȥ϶䶯ʵ棬Ҳ˶ҡߡ
ԣʲˣ˵һ䣬ǿĹͷ˾ͼͼֱӾͺ˹ȥ
ȥŭ
ѽѽ˾ͼͼŵûʧɫû뵽˾Ȼǿϴô಻Ҫ߶ıºԥֱصʯ׵С
׸ԶպϣǼͷȫʯ档ʱһɺ嫵ķʳ
ֱӽǰγɵĽ飬䵽ʵϡ
ۣ
ֱһھѪо˶Ҫ顣ŵûɢ
ֻһ££ʱɡ
ʱǾʯ׵Ĺ׸ٴδ򿪣˾ͼͼСԴСҵģ˾ͼͼԥ乭һʣ
㲡Ҫ
Ѿͷĸڳ̶ȣԶһ֪Ů
ù͸ʵﻹͣʱ˲ʧ¿ռ䡣
ʧһ˲䣬ȴǷһŭˣҼסˣ
˾ͼͼ֧ڽ棬˲顣ȻһźĹǿϧûɱô죿Ҳҳȥ
˵棬Ȼᱻ쾳磬跨߶ķ˾ͼͼе־塣
һԷϣи಻Ҫ߶ıԼҪˣ
ţ˾ͼͼ죬ʯ׵Ĺ׸ϣһõǸһʱ򣬾ͰѳֵתƸǸһˣ˭һģߣ


573 ·
˾ͼͼҳȥˣǱܳȥʣҲ̣еǹɱƣѪԶ϶ǸŮûľߡ
˵ܴ콾㣬ᣬģȴûмˣ
˾ͼͼ˫Ư棬żŮɬ˭ˣ֪Բ
ǿʿȷԼȥûκµĺۼԼҲʵ䣬϶Ҫ̫ࡣ۾ȴǲƭ˵ġһ˵񣬸һ˺ܶ˵񣬾ǲһġ
У϶ôĵ
ǵǸŮҲһɣ
ܹģмûɾģֱţëʤ
һɣȻƵԼǱеĺ⣬Ȼ˵
վãҧ˵ҾͲţⱲӶ֮أҲ㣬ڵ㣡
ЩˣǵһΣôĿ֮ǰڷ봺ϳԿҲûôŭϾ봺ǳĵߵöࡣ
ǰˣҲûʲôˣ˳Ц෴ܶ˻¸ҡ˭ҸԼߺܶ˶ֵġ
ȫָͬоǱһϸҧһڣƫƫκβֻϡ
Ҳ˭ҵС㣬ҲжһΣɣ˵ţȡƲͭʳ֮صڴȥ
ǱͱƣʹλĴܣӵ˼¡

ī˿Ѱ֮·ϣʼһ˿ӦȻЩģȴһָ
û˾ͼͼɧţīо˶˺ܶࡣ
ƽ磬֮زͬûеա¿ȥûС
żһֻƽһ֮⣬īһ·ϣûκλƽ顣
һߣǼʱֱʾʼԽԽԵʱ򣬳īУһ޴Ļƽɽ
Ľɽīǰɸߵľ޴ɽ̲סп
ɽŴĻƽżмֻɵĻƽ飬ֵĳûɽ䡣
ղָīһ·ƽɽ£ǰһ·һƽ̨ףϡīֱ̤ȥʼߣֽԵϢŨ
īɽʱͻȻ俪ʼоһǿѹ֡
Ȼ󣬳īͿǰУƯİɫСһŵģеĴһЩеСһЩżײϣںһ
֮𣡡ī۾һֱҪѰҵ֮
£īϣ¶ϲɫô˵һ˵ĿģǴﵽˡ
īǰ׼ȥץȡЩ֮ʱɫȴ΢΢һ䡣ʯٶȳ֣
ÿǰһѹͻᱶ
ī߳ȥ֮󣬾֮ʮԶѹȴѾﵽʯ߲ʱѹ

īһûмǰԭ£ʼķ
˰ʱīվ¶һĨ֮ɫǰȥ
һ˰˾Ų֮ʱǹѹѾγʵʣһ¼̵ǽ˳īǰ
īһͨ죬ǱһصĴɽ˫ȱѹȵöЩ
˾ͼͼ֮ǰǾ仰ƺڳī𣺺ߣҰæܹõ֮б£
˾ͼͼѾ֪ԲŻƶԼò֮ɣ
īϣ¶һ˿ЦţУٴ۳ĹâͷѡһΣȻѡԼ
·ԼѡģôҪԼȥ
˵İֻһʱģΨԼŬõġ
ֻʣѣһȥģ
īһҧһŭֱȥһϴ֨һ
澳֮壬Щظľ棡
澳֮Ȼǿƥīľվ̫ͣҪĵ磬澳֮壬㲻ƽأֻҲ١
飡
īٴǰһ
֮𣬾ֻʣһ֮ңƺѾֿɵá
īΪѹЩŤϣҲ¶һ˿ĵЦݣҵҪһ㶼ߣֻҪһ֮𡭡һ͹ˣ
еҪԪأȷ̫ࡣΪЩԪأֻ֥ôһ㣬ķΧڣԪصĶ
ؾ
īǵ֮ˮӽɳĮôҪ̫꣬ƬɳĮ˵һƬдеɭ֣١ȱٺޣ
Ԫص
ֻʣһ˰
ɣ
īһȥһڣҪѪĳ嶯īһץ֮


574 ֮
õģɲһַһӡ
רſץȡԪصӡ
óīû뵽ǡ
ݣ
Žߵ֮˳ųīָ졭ˡ
Ȼûץţ
ôˣ
īĿɿڴᣬƲסҪѪĳ嶯
Ŀֱ֮ƮȥʮԶȻͣ˼¡·ڹīһ
īǣ̲סҵĳ鴤˵ûˡ
ᣬģ岽
īȴ֣֮𣬾ȻǻƽɫϢ˵ɫһġ
ٿԶ֮ǰɫ
īüһ̲סһϽֳ֮ɫ૵ѲɡǴ˵еġ֮𣿡
ԪأԭԵģԣһҲиߵ֮֡
֮𣬾֮Ԫ߼Ĵˡ
ֲáץȻߡ
һ֮𣬻岽֮⣬īҪǰһޱѣ
īϣдġơ֡
ѹ֮£ķʼתѹȴûС϶١
ҵһȡ֮ˮḶ̫́˳ˣÿһΡ˵ġīֹţòԼֳУȻ⡭һΣô
ˣ
棬Ȼֱӱһۻ˷Ѹչȥ
īͬһɽָо˲С˺ܶࡣ
⡭ǣīϣ¶𾪣Щŵĵɴ۾
ȴȡ֮õĻᣬԳīûκԥֱǰŵŵš岽
ֽӡһץ֮
һɾ޴ĳظУ˲䴫·ץŵģһƵ֮ԪأһɺĴɽ
ǳīרȡԪصӡȻ޷šĸо
٣īһһֻеĲϣҲűһŹâһΣŹâɢֱע뵽ī嵱С
գīȡ
֮ԪأֱӱӲץȻӡסս˲Ŀռ䡣
ʱԶŰɫǷŭһ㣬˲䷢һâնī
īܣֱӾҪâС
ϣ
Σͷֱ߱ӷɳɱ⣬סâȻȻֱӳŰɫն˹ȥ
ಣ
Űɫܾŵһ˲Զݡ
īԸоеĲһϢ壬ȥһ˵ûѹĵطֹס
߱Լɻɽ˲С
īһƨڵϣŴȻֱӽ뵽˲Ŀռ䵱С
һʱһΪԭĲռ䣬˿ȴֳһǿҵϢ
·һƬҪϾĻɳĮһ㣡
ô£īһȻ˲뵽ӦǲΪ˰Լȡ֮ǿб
óī۲ѣ˺üʱ䣬òڲתۼ䣬ͳǵõ֮Ҳû׷Ѳʧ
ϧԼץ֮𣬲ȻĻġ
ţ֮𣬾Ȼ˳ԶƮ˻ֻοȥеģ
һͷԵܺӣ־壬ֺ棬Ȼû۾û٣īȴоԷƺڲϵĴԼһ
ιСһҪҪȥīŰɫ֮к
óīû뵽ǣŰɫУȻһߣƭˣ
īͷߣ˵Ǽˣû˵ԪܹԵ̶ֳȣȻ˵
ǸСѾͷƬһʲôöܵ֮ʣ׺ͣץҴҲһȻҪƭ𣡼ֱˡƺǿҵķŭ
īĿɿڴĿŰɫĵ˵ǸСѾͷƬӣĪ˾ͼͼ
һƵԪأȻڳƱ𣬻ʲô񡭡ī̲ס˸ۣ˭Ϊǹɣ
ߣģһСӵģߣȥ꣬ģüĿɼȥͦɰģŭųīŲűѹ
˵ţƽ磬Ȼģʼ궯Ҫһ
īһ飬ʱ˵ţҵȻˣôαظһʶҲֻһ֮ѡ
ߣ֪ͺãߵСƨĿųīڻ벻ƭˣ֪˰ɣ
֪֪īһǫı飬Ȼ˵ǡڿô
ԣСƨ۾ӱֵôߣô׵飿


575 Ԫʥ
ī̲ס˸ۣ֮ǰҲôԴǸСѾͷƬӵģ
ᵽ˾ͼͼСƨƺЩŭЦʲôһ֮ʵˣΪͬԴøһʶһЩ񡣵Ҫ𿪿ڸ˵ʸ񣡡
˵ţСƨ۾һųī㲻һ
īҲ̲ס˸ۣôͲһˣ
㳤ó󣡡Сƨ˵ţָųīЦ
īˣо˶ˣߵСƨֱŨŨĶ⣬Ҳ֪Ǹ˭ѧġ
Сƨ˵ţȻһתųīҪҵǸҲǲԣôӦһ飿
ʲô飿īСٰһǵµ顣˵ֳ⻰ģô̵ͣ
ϵһСƨųī۾һḬ̃վûӹī۾
īĲɿһ£Сƨ϶ǵ֮ףҪԸԼټ򵥲ԣӦס˵
˵˵īС˵
ôСģҲ̰ͼǿļСƨǿ˳ī˼ٺЦǰѵĺܣ
ҪʲôСƨô˵īʱ˿ҪҪǻ¯ǾһΣҲҪƴˡ
ЩĻôҪ컯֮㣬īһ
ܸӦĴռ棬һҺϲԵĹӣ͸һҪأһСƨֹţȻָͷ
СһԲʶָͷȥŭѽ̫ˣ˷ˣܲˣ
СƨֲվգһŭĿųīҪ
īͷˮĿСƨĵҵϣʲôӣ
ô㲻ãСƨɫʼ仯ƺҪļơ
ƽ磬Ҳʼ궯īͻȻӵ޴ޱȵĻƽʿʮɸߣ˸ޱȣ˫ƽۣɢűĹâڱעųīһԲϾֱӳֵ˼
ǲãҸû˼īСƨʲôӣ
㵱ű棬ȻҲ˵ѣСƨǲѱ
˵ţֱһ֣һƽʿݺһƣųī
ļûѹīһ˲һ
䣡
ƽʿͬĥ̵İֱڵϣʱƽɵĵĳһ޴İӡ
ǹɾ磬óīɫ΢΢һ䣬Ͻ˵ס֣
֪ˣСƨЦ
֪ƨҪ棬кְܶ취ī氵ϣȴ¶ЦĲ֪˵ǹʲôȻҪ֪ܵӰɣ
㲻ǹװɵɣߣ࣬ûһöǽƻͲãСƨ˵
СһǰһϳԹȻʹޡ
īЦЦôװɵأĲ֪
Сƨ룬һ㣬һ棬һСʺĹӣȥʮϲˡ
ֹӡī΢΢üһ£Ȼһ˵ⲻǲǿϵĹô
ڲԭʱõɫС׼ȷ˵ǲѡɫСߡһֱ죬ī֪ɫСʲôīûйȥע¡
СƨҪǲ˵īʶĺԵ˲еСԼٵԪʯء
϶УԲԣСƨϣ¶˷֮ɫһ˫ҲڴĿųī
ʲôʲôīȥܲʵźۡѵܺóô
㶮ʲôԪʥСƨһЦ˵ո˵Ԫʥĸ֣ʱͣȻɫЩѿĿųī˵ױĻ
īȻһĵ˵Ļʲô˼õĶδʲôáҵ߱죬Ҳûʲôã˵ȴ
ī˵ţɱɭɭ߱졣
СƨЩ־Ŀһ߱죬¶η֮ɫʶģ˼Ȼ˵ûԪʥ˵һöûУȴϲֻҪһţˣͲ׷߱У
С߱죡
еȷƽ緢ı仯
īţҪôСõĺô


576 
īĿռһۣѾǻͻͻģҲ˺ܶС棬ʮźͮͮĹʵȥǳϲˡ
СƨҲĹǿģȻܸŲӲԪʥ
ԪʥʲôõġЩԪأʲôô
СƨȻεĲīǴв⡣̧ͷСƨԪʥֻһöøң㾿ʲôôҲܾǲǰ㡣
ͳ磡Сһ̬ǿӲ߳īࡣ
ôͬҲԵòöԪʥī˵ţͻȻһźͮͮĹʵ
ԪʥСƨ״۾ˣųīֱ˹
īһ߱죬߱ϱǿҵɱ⣬СƨʱֹһŭĿųī
㲻ңҾͰٵīƣҪöԪʥ
СƨʱˣҪ
Ǿ͸ңī˵
вŲűһͷɽҰ֮ȫ㷢𹥻𶼿ԵѹСƨŭųī
ƽ磬ֿʼ
Ǿɣ˭˭īһƽվΪ
㲻Сƨһ˫У͸ǵעųī
īЦЦҪ֪²ºףԲ֪ô
Ϊ𲻸ңСƨŭ
ѽīЦƶһ飬СƨȻƽףûĵѹīȻĻǣôˣȵڡ
˵ףīСƨƣһûô


ߵСƨŲգﴭŴȥҲͦЦġ
ãСƨڰĿųīԪʥԪصǣ
ô򵥣īие𺳣úܲ˼顣
һ˽С磬ĹӣȻЧԪصǣ˵Լһ֮ˮͨⶫ֮ˮ
²⣬óīһģ˷
ԪأԭĶؼľԪ֮ǸǴ˵ве
ͨѰ˱˵õ
ΪڵǾ飬뱻˿Բܹǵټ
ֶĴܣܹһǳҲõǡ
СƨЦſųī㶮ʲôѾˣԪ˵һԪʥֵǧ
ѾôˣСļһѵҪǣī̲סʵ
˵㲻ǲȻѾ˵ˣСƨҲʲôһ¶Ū֮ɫųī࣬ôѵͲΪ𣿾ѵͲȥ׷Ѱߵľ磿ĳɣ
ɣɵľ磬ءīһ䡣
СƨʱЦ㶮ƨ˵ɣǳɣСѾͷƬνɽ磬ûһϵ
ô֪ɽ磿īʵ
磬Ҿ飬Լ˵ɽ磬ҪŬĻΪʲô֪СƨЦųīˣѾˣöԪʥңУϣ϶У㻹ٸ𡭡һԣٸó
Сƨ
īԭûô׵ĽԪʥ֪ⶫȻԪĹؼڣȻô׵İȥˡ
һԪʥʱʧ˳ī
ȻЦеĿСƨ߳ŭ֮ǰ˵ҪԪʥԡôӦһ
ɱ㣬һԴ϶ȡСƨƺŭˣɢɱ⡣
ƽ磬Ȼǽһ㣬úˡ
īһЦʾĿСƨ˵Ȼô˽⣬Ӧ֪ҲˣһʱҲͺˡɱңԶûлõԪʥˣΪҿ϶
Сƨ˸ĹâƺʲôһŭĿųḭ̄ˣ˵ɣñӦʲô
īСƨߣ
ǲܣСƨʱŭݵλôܸһߣ
ǾͶְɡīһ̯һĿСƨ


577 ֱ
ƽ֮⣬֮أīһЦݵվɽս֮ϣշС
ûڷɣ
޽֮أ̫ǿ飬һЩݷڵ飬ӵֶͨΡ࣬ܵ޴ѹƵġֻܱˮ׼ʿ㲻ϡ
仰˵ֵطʩչκͨ
⣬ʵǶСһֱ
ȻĻƾЩǿʿӣͰЩСͥɨѨһѹθˡ
ĵܣҲͨǿķߣ󻹱֮صǿݺݵ۸һͨͭʳҲ㱻á
ʱ򣬳īҰɽսóáһǿһƾܰսĵ÷顣
ڣȴҡڵվսļװ֮ϣӭŷ磬һЦݡ
ֵǣ֮أûκ飬
īԶĵطվһֻ޴Ļƽӣ˿̵ĻƽãĭӺɵĴ֮ǰս
СӣҸ˵ǸһȻǿ󣬵ôүҵĶ֣үһȭһҹȭǼһ׵ͷһˣƽһı飬ųīıӰѽүǱĴ֮˳ȥߣҲܵÿ죬ȻĻү
īļͷһߵСˣСüȥʮֿɰǻƽǸ֮Сƨ
ԻƽõĴ꣬СƨԵЩΪȻӣٴţǵʵ˭֪ڡ
ιҵСүܱᵱǼ³𣿡ƽöʱһСƨ˵ȥ
īͦȤģЦеʵô
λүǴү˳ôƽü۵Ķǡ
ƾʲôǴүȴСүīͷСƨһ
ƽСĿһ۳īͷСƨ˵һ뿪ƽˣҪ׷˼ңʲôү
⻰Ҳ˵ڣֻܺٺɵЦҪװɵСƨһ飬ˣСƨˣ
ȻĻһԸҲôӽ
ö˶һֻ˳ĻƽãӲǱڵåáСƨû
ī˼ƽùʵһЩϸڣҪ֪Ǹһ﾿ʲôˣ᲻
ƽðеľī˵һ֮󣬸߳īǸһʮа˾ţʧܡ϶֮صĳڵţ
޷еǰ취ط뿪òŷǵǵţСƨظ֤
Ҫأīʵ
Ǿ͸ɵСƨһĻش
λܺǿ󣡡īѵ
ǿ󣡡Сƨޱš
֮ǰڻƽ磬īСƨ˺ܾãСƨվûܿסԪʥջ̬ڸī̸֮󣬳īֱӸСƨһԪʥã׼ī뿪СƨֱӸ߳ī˾ͼͼʯ
īЩͷƤ飬ǸŮ뾴Զ֮ʲôԣСƨûбķ뿪ƽ磬֮ء
СƨʱЦ߳īף߾ʹߡ
ǣīԥѡ˴ӱĵط뿪ƽ硣Ȼϻƽãһ뿪
ڿ˾ͼͼʯɵɵĵųīҪʶĳֵת޵īȥءȴ֪īѾ뿪˻ƽ硣
ң˾ͼͼٴνƽ磬һ᲻Լ۾
Ϊƽ磬Ѿûһƽ
Ҳûκ֮ټ
еһУȫƨ˳
СƨĻ˵ǣаҡ
˵˵ɵɡīǵСƨ֮ǰʱһ䳤ɡҶڵɽ磬ȫмһˡ
īܸоСƨһ֪ܶ顣һСģȴһ˲֪µ֮ͨܹ֪һЩ޷֪Ҳ֮С
ɵܸӣ˵Сƨƺ˵ѡ
ûϵеʱ䡣ī˵
СƨĬһᣬȻ˵飬ʵڵӦùʵģΪѣǿԸ˵˵Ǹʲôɽ硢飡
ŶīһԼͷŵСһ飬Ҳ˽⣿
𡭡ٺ٣˽һ㡣СƨƺҪҫʲô˵˰䣬͸˹ȥȻ˵Ǹ磬ӦǷΪ硢ɽ磬ߵĲΣ硣
˽أʵĽ磡ī
˽硭Ҳһ磿ַȱȫĵطʲôʸԳһ磿Сƨһм
īֱ˱ˣҲǵһα˱ӡȻʮֲˬ
˽ôͲԳһˣīʡ
ǵطʿɲˣҲ˼һôСƨЦбīòǴǵطİɣ


578 
īûлشСƨ⣬˵֮أҲн飬ѹƵ죿
ǲһСƨֻѹ飬Ҫࡣ飬ƽãѾɾˡ֣ǽ뵽˽ȥֱӾ˽˲
īĬԷ
Сƨɴ۾ųī㲻Ǵǵطİɣ
īڨЦǻ˵˵硢ɽ¶ɡ
Сƨ̲ס˸ֹۣôоԼһСӣ㲻ľ磬ɣ
ȿȡīЩ졣
走Ȼһʿ㲻ϵСƨѣСƨһұƭ˵ı鿴ųī
Ǹ˭ǴСɳģī
ƨѾд޽ɵľˣСƨЩܻ˵ôһ𶼾öˣ
ī˸˵Իȥ
ҡСƨͻȻ˸Ŀųīƺڴʲô⡣
ǱߵĻƽҲīľ𾪡ˣЩŵĵ綼
ī̹ȻĵͷǰҪȻŪ֮ʲô
ƽЩãȻ֮ʲôϵ
СƨȴͻȻЩԾĿųīȻӳīīǰվţͰ͵Ŀųī㡭Ѱ֮Ҫã
īͷǰ
Ҫıʣ֮壿Сƨ׷ʡ
֮ʲôīЩм
˻
СƨͻȻ䵹һųīµĴţãŻ˵ãܳɹ
ƽһԲԵĿ֮Ľֹү˵ʲô
Сƨǳһ䣬Ȼųī
īСƨЩëҲЩԼһʱ죬Ȼ¸˵ȥˡѾ˵ϣҲûٷʲôˡµͷҾû⡣
㡭ǵʣСƨɫ쳣࣬ųī
īĬһ£ûлش
СƨϸϸĶųīȻͻȻһ¶һ˿ӶֹŹֵɫ૵ˡ
īһСƨ˵ʲôˣ
Сƨϵ飬ȻʧЦĿųīȻȥ֮ˮ֮֮֮ľҳˡ롭ӦãԸȥһģ
˵ţЩˬģһԭֻڱԪʥȴҪǷߺܶ࣬УСӣҪҼҪڼ֮ǰ㻹ñ֤ңܰ¸ǣ
īͷˮСƨ˵С𰡡˼Ҳ̫װ
С𣿡Сƨü˵
īСƨҲ˵
ƽøǲ˵Ѿ𾪵ˣ룬ԼλСүǲǷˡһ˽磬ʿ㲻ϵ꣬ʲôֵӵģ
ðɣԪʥ԰ԪǺΪô
ѵһС࣬ҷɣ
Сƨںƽʲôֻһ˫۶ųī˵Ҫһ˵ԪؾԣҪ覣ȴҪ֮ſԣֻûκκô൱ڴǵϸȫ㣡ԣҪԪʥóָǡ
īȷСƨġ֮е붼úܷЩţġ
Сƨ̾ϢһЩӵĿųī˵Ǹˣ֪֮һǳϣҲδܳһ֡磬ȴоȫ֮ǰЩףȴЩˡԭǶ㡣
ţī⻰ʱСƨĻȻ˵Щǳӽ
˵߳ī綼ģ
ֻī֮ǰȫ޷⣬ܸйأȻȥ롣
֮֮飬ٴ˵ƵĻȴóīֱ˳˼С
Сƨϣ¶ָп֮ɫȻ⣬˵硢ɽ硭磬ҲǸ˽磬ʵԭһ磡
īĳ˼ϣ𾪵ĿСƨһ磿
ԣһĴ磡Сƨ˵ΪһЩԭˣֳ硭˽ĻһֳĽ磡ΪÿһѲֱֳͬ˽硢硢ɽ磡
ôīЩԽܡ
Сƨ˵Щ飬ʵһ죬㵽ĳ־磬Ȼͻ֪
ǡأīĿƵĿСƨͻȻһ䡣
硭磡Сƨһƶնĵ
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סҵĻһ죬Ϊ˴޽ɣ磬ѾļԦ߷ʱ򣬵ʱʹҲһҪס߷ܵ죬˵ǵ𡭡ҲߣΪ硣ҲӦó硣
īСƨ̲סЦĵҲ磬Ҳ磬ѵҲ粻ɣ


579 
Ҫȥ̫࣬ܶ飬֪ˣҲûκκôСƨ͵Ĺɱ˵һѣ˳īȤ֮ж⡣
īʱЩңҲûмȥ׷ʲô
ϵԼ˭ҲܵȻ֮īףڵԼںܶ̫ˣСһܱǳ̶ȡǲԼҰѺܶԼ
ҪıһУΨмǿ
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СƨҲųĬһᣬȻͻȻ˵ҽǸСѾͷ
ţīһ㶡
Ǹ֮СѾͷȻľеɲڳЦ㰡СƨһⶼûеĵǸȻ˵δĳɾӦû᲻߶һˣ˵Ҳкô
ʲôôīŰۣĵһҪüô
ܡܡܡСƨԼָ㣺ˣԺ󻹿Գ̫ˣ
ǸƨīŰۣ˶ˣСƨֱһɰĵطûУһĿ϶Ǻڵģ˶⡣ˣˣ
ΪãļǺܸ㶼㱻û˵ɣСƨһ֪ćNɪ˵
Ҳ׷ҵġī˵ôɽ磬ҲѾﵽڣҡȴһܱΪʿˡ
ɽʲô㻹ǡȿȣ㽫еأСƨЩŭ䲻Ŀųīһɹ罫ʱԼ¶ţΪ֮죡
īǳ˳飺죿
󲻵Ŀ죡Сƨһص˵
Ҳûе׷ҰīĵҪֻ֪һ쾳ˣ࿴һۣ˵߳ŭüҡŮˣԶá
ǻбôСƨЦĿųīֻҪҼԪʥҰ㶨ǸСѾͷأţñ㣬øҪأһţ
СƨһģƺѾԪʥԼǰȥĳ
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СĿռ˾ͼͼʯ׵Ĺ׸֮ϣֹţǸһòڻƽ˰ɣţֿأƽɽɲ˭ȥģҪ֮ʣ岽߲ȥ
˵ţЩȷĵǼһܹѹҪҵƽɽƺгɹĿأߡôˣ͸һ뿪֮ءʱ򣬼ǸļһҾ˵ţ˵ʲôأԣҾ˵֮ϣɱѽӢۣ
˾ͼͼ˵ţԼ૵ǲе㡭̫صһīһǸļһⲻǵںôȻӵܣûʲôö֮ǰҲɱңвҪѱ˵ȥվûжԱֱ֣ӺеĲ̰
ֹһᣬ˾ͼͼƺʲôֹǹҧˣȻܽ뵽ǻƽС棬Ǹļһȴȥ˵ı£ӦñǸļһǿԣҰˮõϣҲһ£һҸôأ᲻ڴǸļһ֮˳ְѱҲɵˣ
˾ͼͼһꡣ
棬īСƨʩչͨʵʱݵʯĻ棬һͷСƨС𡭡ȷһĺŮˣĸԸĳΪҵ£
ȿȡҪԼģСƨ˳īһ񣺡ԺҪµˣеѾͷʲôҲһպĳɾͣձϵ£
أīЦһ˼أ
½ңСƨƺҲЩûӣĽ飬ȴѾͷĻǵôƳī˼붷ء
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˾ͼͼϣʱ¶־֮ɫ
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濴ŻĳīʱĿɿڴǾҳ鴤һһԶŵĻƽãİ취


580 㵽в
˾ͼͼҲˣĿɿڴĵɴ۾ȴʲôţʱܰѹ÷Ŀֲѹѵ˵㡭˭ʲô磿
˱ô񣬾Ȼ֪˭Уǿҵķŭ
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˾ͼͼоԼУͷѵ
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˾ͼͼ˺ڣ֪˵ʲôѡȥī
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֮𡭡ΪʲôԼȴҪȥī
Īīľǰʱ䣬Űֵ÷зġ˲¼еǸī˵Ľ֮䣬żĹϵ
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˾ͼͼǸ൱ŮӣĴϻۣԳԽ˺ܶˡܵвʱֳܷһ˼顣
ϻش𣡡Уһ˿˿ĲͷеѹҲԽԽأо޴ɽѹʱܱøӳء
ҡҡҲԸ⣡˾ͼͼıӶǣȫѪһ˫Ҳó죬ǿҪѹѣȴȻҧ˵
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˾ͼͼԴʼЩˣǰƺֳһ档
૵ְ衭ԲŮܡܡܶǡТˣ
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˵СѾͷô죿Сƨ˳īһۣѵﲻô
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ܲôīЩͷۡ
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īĬһ£ͷðɣȥԣ棬ȫ֮󣬾ȥɡ
ڳī˾ͼͼͲ׷ˣȻС֣ǾͰһκˡ
УʱҪԸȥȥˣСƨ¶һĨŵЦݣаʱֻҪ΢¶һ˼߲Ź֣
û˱Сƨֶ֮ʣҪνֳ֮ʣ
ʣȻ澳ȫûȣȴȶʣ˲ֹһΣ
СƨǸǿĹֵܵסջ
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˵С㵽вУīɫЩڣСƨ
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·ڴķôī΢΢üͷСƨ˵Сֻ֮ͨһȷǿԱܿǸǿߣһطȥ
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ⲻ಻ŵ⣬¹ϵáīһСƨ˵ҪǲеĻͣһʱ䣬ܸӦ˵ϢԺٳȥ
⵨ӣٿ˼˾СƨһмĳЦ
ʱһ̣˾ͼͼˡ


581 ţ
īСƨʶĻͷȥƽöһԣҲЩĿеŮ
Ϊ˾ͼͼͣ쾳磬ԣþٵĻָڵơţ˫ۣǰǸˣ˾ͼͼıͲ԰׵ϣ¶һ˿ŭɫҧ˵㻹ɱҰɣΪū澣
ҿɲҪѾͷī΢΢һЦһء
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ûʲô˼СҪ㣬ȻĻҲŲ㡣īĮȻ˵ң뿪֮󣬴ұ·죬һߣ͵ûá
㡭˾ͼͼһ߷ߡԭЩҪģһ˵ȴ߷ѵĸо˵ζ
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˾ͼͼɫЩ԰׵Ŀתȥĳī촽̲סʵС˭
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ƽ÷˸ۣ˵㵱үɵôҲˡ
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ðɡīСƨƶҲֻѡΪʵҲСƨҪɡ
ī˾ͼͼŻƽãСƨڳīϣʼųڴֱȥ

ϥֵĻƽŴ˫գϣɢǿƥھͼ飺Զ㣡
ͻȻʵ˫͵ų󲨶ĻƽţУ¶һ⡣һĨЦ૵ͳô
ûﲼκ֣ΪţһһŮʲô磬ûߣ
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ʱǰĻƽź£ͻȻޱȹʧ
ʵס漴ŭƥʶ˲˷ԲʮķΧ
Ȼ֪ôᷢԵġԷֶΣ൱
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ǸСѾͷ϶ûȻĻҲڲҳѵ֮ǰȥǸӣʵʶʼԶɢɫ粻
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ţһֻڻУŻֵǿ飬ǻ涥һ֣ӵſֲʵǵҲ档
û뵽Ȼһͷֲţ
ʵˡ


582 е
ۿͷ޴ޱȵţֱӷɵǰ̧ͬһľ޴ǰȣһ̤ʡ
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ţǿҵķŭԼصǿֳ޴ĵ⣬ҪһŲ
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һ죬ҲƬؼ𣬴ɽֱӱҲһ׵Ĺ֡

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˾ͼͼľ磬ֱڣеƣҲڿתáЩԾĿŴķȻ󿴿ܣ૵ƺǽĵط
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һȻȫϢȥͨһ϶ɲ⣡
˾ͼͼʮֺڣӦøīѹϵŪֵزڣīƺ֮һ𡭡ǿﰡ
Ҫ֮İͿԳɹĽΪʣ
ʱδε貣
ѾֵزҪβأ
˾ͼͼĥأǱ߳īѾ뿪


583 ݱʶ
СƨʱҲڰȰ˵īҪ˾ͼͼһʶŹ˾ͼͼһΡΪСһˡԪУ˾ͼͼϣӦȻǴĹȴҲûжٸ
˾ͼͼֻˣСƨֱӾܸӦ
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СƨȻе㲻ףֺԴ󣬵ǱȽϴģڼȻīѹϵôˣøǿ
ԪһеԪŽһ𣬲ܿһС磡СƨģȱǲŽᣬ˼̫࣡
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˾ͼͼ־磬Ӧīʵ磬ֵҲӦ
飬ĵڶ£
׷һ˲䣬ͻȻһ£뵽һˣ
ƽȻǸ鵤úֱӵĹϵµȴΪԴף
棬һְ׵꣡
ǰʱ䣬˲㱬Ǽǣ浽Уְ׺ͳīһ˵ϢѾ˵֪ЩȻûȷ֤ݣЩ飬ǲҪ֤ݵģ
ֻԼۣ
ǸˣȻƽҪԭ򣬵ȴ֮ǰڻУƽһΣ
Ҳұɱϵһˣ
ٿǰǸܵĲǺܿСʼ˲϶ˣпܡǸˣ
Ϊһ쾳ߣ޿ܳڻУ
ǽ飡ʶԻĽ飬Ҳͬʹ벻һĴǧƹߣȻ˽
īʵĵڶͻȻ䱬һ춯صŭ𣺡ܲˣƽ㿴ţɱһˣ㱨𣡡
ƴǰĳīд벻ԷȻôʶݡ
ңƽֶĪƽһҵˣ
ī˼תԼݣصüãʵϣЩܵǰʲô
϶Ӧ𣬸ͣ½ŲӰ粽е¡գۼ䣬ͳǧԶ
һȴ˾ͼͼеʱ˾ͼͼе𾪣Ҫǿī˲תóһ˵ĽۣīȻǴ˵еǸī


584 ʵ׷ɱ
ļһȻǸֻ쾳˽꣡˾ͼͼ뵽Լ֮ضԳī־ηһʱҲòᡣ
£ȴ̲סЩ飬ǳīôľ磬ҪѣǾ޿ܵһ£ڻƽʱ򣬾֪ǸīôҲüҪɱ
˾ͼͼʱֻԱΪǿҿʱûɱȻʱ֪࣬϶ڡ
ˣǲŹκһô죿ܡأ
˾ͼͼԥһ£ǽȫע˫֮ϡ
Ѳƶܰɣ
һǿʿֻǵڶҲֵܹġ
Բˡ˾ͼͼĬһ䣬Ȼٶٴ
īҲûָ˾ͼͼܻæѡ񣬵һѡ񣬾ǲܻƽãֱھ˲֮Сڶѡ񣬾תһĵڶһս
ΪСѾһǶɾ硣
Ҫɱı֪µĹ𣿡īС
С˵֮ǰǵģı𣡵ڶһԪ֮壬ܹԼĵڶɾ磬ѾܾˡܳɱĵڶĻôı𣬲֪˭ɱķ
С˵ţǿ˵ǡɱ
а취𣿡īʵ
𡭡ֻһԪ֮飬ҵ֮磬Ȼа취ģǺѣСԥţ˵Ԫ֮飬ֳԪصĵطܷӳҡЩϣпԪصıҲ׳֣ܱҵĴڡ޾׷ɱ
Էҵˣīܻѡֱߣӵ˲ȥ֪˶Էҵ֮￪ʼ˼
ҵ˺γҵˣ
ˣڲ֪˭£Ҫɱ磬ֱԵ
ƾʲôǾʵǿô
Ҫܽĵڶѹûа취׽ɱīʵ
òĶ˼ҪɱɣָֻӣϸǸ׷ļһһǸһĶ֣СЩԾ벻һˣĵҪɱһɾĵڶ
Ǹˣڻᱣ죬һȥս
ǡԳ֣
ǲܵ飡
Ϊƿߣаһ࣬ѾΥ˹򡭡ôԳ֣Ļƻз
ֺκܳеġ硭˱
ɵīʮֿ϶Ļشа취ȴûʱ߻ƽãԷ׷ᣬ׷ǡ
ı𡭡ǱͷţסˡʵսСУżΣ˵ҪѰһ޴Ľܰæ
Ļ᲻ᱩ¶īʵ
϶ᣡС
ǾͲ㣡ī˵һĸסûƽȲסһᣡ
Ҫ򣿡СȻ֪ʲôֶΣҪһ£ûܹɱֶΣһңΪڻĲЩˣ޷ֶͨΣ
Сôһ˵ī滹Щҡˡ
ΪҲȷԼԦֻܷӳʵɵڶܲһʱѹʵĵڶ
һԷС˵ӵֶΣֱߡʱԼĵڶܣ϶ᱻ֣
īǲʻὫܴȥΪκˣŹõһɵڶĻᡣ
ԺһֲĴУҹԼָоҲܿ¡
ʱѾܳʮԶУţʱ֮սڼ
ʵĵڶѾԽԽۿţҪ뵽ĹΧˡ
߰ɣˣС̾˿Ȱ˵ЩֶΣҪסκһ飬ûô򵥣
飡
ʱʵĵڶڳˣ
ֵĶ󣬲ǳīȻǳīߵĻƽá
ƽñܵĸ죬ȴΪСԵʣûߡ
ʵڶһ֣ƽöʱŭת͸ʵĵڶ
īһ̾²ˣ
СǾԲƽԼߵģȻҲ֮أƫƫϡ
ɾʿսĳ棬ֲͬޱȡ
ǹӿĲֱӽīѹȵҪѪĸо
ʣѾﵽ˲˼澳ʣȻӲĶסѹ
Զ˾ͼͼߴӵĸˡ
ʵĵڶȴЦһһ˲ɵ˾ͼͼǰ棬γһ󣬽С
ôԶֻǲͷţ֣ȻĻΪƾ΢ĩʵӳҵģϣ¶ɭȻЦ


585 ϧţ
īűס˾ͼͼ΢΢һ
ʱʵĵڶһɻƽ֮󣬳ųīɭȻһЦСӣ㲻ϣҲȷݣ磬εˣ˵ֻһҲ٣ܹߣ϶ֻһ
īĬĿʵĵڶ
ʵĵڶһϷʵĿųīǲǾſķھͿˣС̫ˣ֪ҵıʲô磿֪񡭡ʲô磿⴫͵ķǣ֮ǰΪ˷ֹߣѾⷽԲķΧڣ취ⷶΧڣҪʹκδͷǹܣΪлĽܹΪΪ
īϿκα飬棬ȴޱ𾪡
ʵĵڶЦԣ
Ծԣ
īһۻƽú˾ͼͼаԲˣ
󣬳īֱĬĿھ֮󡭡һɿռ
ƽƺӦ̧ͷһͷա
˾ͼͼȫûκθӦΪѾһϢ
ʵĵڶҲ̧ͷһۣȴûκζϴŵ΢Ц
ˣ
ǹɿռ˲ɢ
īʱһȻٴĬھռٴα
ʵĵڶЦȻɭȻҿ׼ȻĻıƻСܵˣ
ڴʱĻС
һɫķ棬һò㣬ڼŮŮͻȻ˫ۣһĨĹâ
ʹ÷Ҫ˲㡭ȴʧˣ˭ţŮ˫΢΢ϣգۼ䣬ɫ˲䣬һֱӾʧⷿ
ôСӣǲǺˣʵĵڶһУԶյĽ˲䱻л
ŵ˾ͼͼī۵Сۣ໥һۣȻȫȥ
Ǳ߻ƽҲʱֹͣ˹ΪȫǶ֡𿴱˴˵ľ綼һģͨȴԶԶȲּѧԨԴ֮ӡ
ʱСѾ׵ڲԼϵϢīҡ
һɾĿֲʿκСֶΣûõġ
Ҹɱ˭أʵĵڶ¶һаЦŻƽõӣǵ֮ôԴҵôҵս
ƽЦΪץסң
ʵĵڶ˵Ϊӵõ
ƽʱͻȻīһ׷ңϽܣʲôҪ룡ӳ֮⣬뿪㣡
īû뵽ƽʱ򣬾Ȼѡ
ԥСӣƽôһȻȻһ˲ʧӰӶˣ
ƽã󹫼һ伫Ϊϡ壬سܣ
ܣʵĵڶЦһȻֱӼһŻƽֱӺɱȥ
䣡
Уһ춯صľ졣
һɫâ˲Ƭء
ʵĵڶɫЩѿû뵽ֻϣȻҲб
ۿŻƽԽԽԶʵĵڶȴվû
ûīߵĻᣡ
ϣűֲпЦݣųīʧɣƽõȷ¼䣬ѵõϧȡ֮£ҸģҲôɱ㣬һҪͨ㣬Ľ顭úֵôأ
ʵĵڶ˵ţֽĿͶ˾ͼͼ˼֮һĨʣΪʲôɳǸطˣ֮ʰɣĵʣڡҲ治ףһֻҪӦҿԲƽ֮ǰҵð
˾ͼͼĿʣû˵
ֻҪӦΪʦҲɱ㣬ҡ㾡ҵԴһŮۣʵĵڶ˵ΣƾԼҪɳޱȼѣ·ע˲ƽ˳
е˾ͼͼ۾ʱһţ¶ɻ֮ɫʵĵڶΪʲôôã
ϧšʵĵڶ˵ĵʣȻ磬Ҳûж١
ʱ򣬳īһЦѰɣȻ¯ʱ㲻ʧȥ֮ʣңûˣ
סڣʵĵڶǳ⣬һɾѹ˲佫īʵĵڶɫҲ쳣ѿ
ףΪʲô˽꣬ȻῴԼ˼
ʵǳīСдġΪС˾ͼͼӵ֮ʵ飬ԭͼΪСС֮𣬲˰֮ģȻ˾ͼͼƭߣðմīҴʵ˼
Ǳߵ˾ͼͼҲǸΪϻ۵ŮӣʵĵڶɫϣͿ˶ߣŭӦ㣡
ɲ㡣ʵĵڶЦ
ôУһ


586 ԵŮ
ʵĵڶһȻֻɵľ磬ⲢиܵǹǿϢһ˫ۣĹâעͷ޾գʲôˣͷ¶βҹ
˵ţһ֣һֱͨдȥ
ˣ
ͨī˸Ϳȴܸܵǿ
ƺն
ͨȥ֮Ƭգȴûа㶯ͬţ뺣
š
ž
ʵĵڶ˺ݺݳһƣ
šڽе˾ͼͼ͵ԼͣУǿƥȫɵеĴȻֱӳһ⣿
īҲ¶֮ɫģǾýޡ
ʵĵڶˣһİӡǰȴһƬࡣ
ʱ򣬴У߳һλ̬ŮüĿ㣬ȥʮֿɰڼŮһ㡣˭ţոճɾڶһˣһŮ
˭ʵĵڶʮֲֿǺ޼
ľǣŮʵ硣
ǻĽѽŮЦ˵
ʵĵڶ̣ҧȻҲʲôöȴֱӳָκ飡УĻһͷӣ
Ŷϲ飬ˮôˮЩóģôþͿԣҾͲУŮüһЦǺǵ˵
㵽˭ʵɫüĿŮˣʲôϵѵҪ𣿡
壿ųǸ壿Ůɫȥм־ȡ
ʵĵڶĵʲôкųƣ壬ֹ𣡡
ôŮһЦң
Ǿҵĳ鴤俴İŮ㲻ô
ʲôµģҿĽأңùȫɱŮЦ˵
㹻ˣʵĵڶڱŭˣֱŮ֡
ಣ
ŮһʱʧڿС
ž
һ̣ʵϣְ˺ݺһơ
Ļԭ桭
˶ˣֱչͨͬʱϸֱҲ
ȴûһ֣ܹѾεŮκεš
ž
ž
ž
Ůʵĵڶʮ⣬ÿһΣĶͬһߣ
óī뿪һ£ǱҲ鼸£ȻŲЭ
⻰˲佫裬һжԼ֣ˡīдС𣺡Ů˵ʲôͷΪʲôǣ
óīЩǣС𳹵׵Ϣش
һյĹʵİѾ׵ͬͷһ۾ˡ
˵ɵ־磬ֱγɵƣΨһĴϹȥָ߼ʿ˵ĲʲôգۼͿԽָɲ֪Ϊʲôڶȴȫûа취ָ
ôֻһֽͣŮȻڳʵĶ⣬ȴʹĳͨ޷ָ
ݰ
νĴ˲Ů˴ר
ʱУһâֱӺס˾ͼͼĽ֮ϡǽȻ˾ͼͼڻָɡ
һΣ˾ͼͼûֱߡƺʶһЩʲôվĿš
㡭ǽ飿߻صʵڶƺʶһʲô̲סʵ
һʼ͸𣿡ŮЦ
ΪĹƿߡ㾹ҳָԤ飿ƴҪ㿪ŮĹͬʱָͨԼϵˡ
һУͽ͵ģ޷ŮĹû취ָԼϵơ
ƿôˣֲ磿˭Ͳ˽ˣҿ˳ۣǣôˣŮĵƮЦ岻ҲһСı۸ˣϵģʲôָ˻̣
㡭ʵĵڶĿҪˣȫû뵽Ľ飬ȻƤ˵޳ܣȻĿŵ˵Ҿạ̊́ǰǡ
Ͳ´ȥʵĵڶҧгݣɱңҲһᴫȥ
ǣ磬ǰŮЦ浱ϡȺ޳ܵĶ뵽أ
ŮĻڳļˣȫޱȣ˼ȴǸ졣
һ㣬ȴǼ涼ͬģģڼŮĹƢԸ񡭡ĳ࣬ȫ߰
̫ǿӲ̫Եˣ


587 
Ҳ˵ǲĽ飬˵ݰ˸еԾ
ʲôˣ繫ϵ֮ӣĵܣ
ûֵ޵У
һˣȻֻһ߷κεطû˸Сû뵽Ůǰȴֻʣ±ķݶ
ʱѾǷŭ£ܺãʽǼʶ˻ͣǺڣ
˵ţʵĵڶֱͨҪ뿪
߷ȫŮĶ֣˲ϵ裬ûκ塣
˵ī˾ͼͼˣԺлʰǣ
˾ͼͼͲ硣ʱǿҪҵһСʿʲô¶
Ƕҵţʵڶŭ
ôŮñ
䣡
УȻһ졣
ʵڶѾʧ壬Ȼе
Ȼ󣬼â˲γһʵڶֱס
ʱŮΣֳִһֻűסʵڶȻųī˾ͼͼ΢΢һЦ˵Ǹ
ƽҲԶ˻ո̫ܵ죬ȴû뵽ʵĵڶûȥ׷˺Զ֮۷
ͳƽԸ񣬳ī;ѡĺ壬Ⱥܶǿöࡣ
ŮûԶֻǴн䵽֮ϡ
Ȼû̫ϻһ۰׳ͷޱȳӿʵڶŮ̾Ϣһһڶɾ磬һ׵飬ֺαطҪأ
ȻŮ˵ᣬڳˣȫһ˿˼ʵĵڶһȻĿŮ㡭Ҫʲô
Ůһۣˣ˵ģǽ顭ţⲻǵĳƺˡıڲһͷţһֻءʲô֪
ʵĵڶϣ¶˾֮ɫǽ顭㲻ɱң
ʲô飿㶮ʲôŮ˵Ǹ
˵ţϸָʵĵڶһ㡣
ʵĵڶɴ۾ͣ˾ŭ㡭Ҫ׻ٵ
飡
ʵĵڶ˲ʧһۼû¡ʧΪûκˡ
˾ͼͼ˶ˣ૵ʲôͨһָٵһɾķ
ƽҲŵĿɿڴֱī㣬һͷôô㣬Ҳûá
Ůûƽãǳſ˵һ䣺ȻѡͲҪ⣬ȻĻҲŹ㡣
˾ͼͼͻƽöһĪǳīƺЩףŮ⻰Ƕ˭˵ġ
ţŮһ۳ī΢΢һЦҪŬŶ
лл㣡īŮʩһимʱϵĻǾܣҪ¶ˡ
ܽʵĵڶѹȴû취֤˾ͼͼܡ
ŮЦЦ˵˵л
˵ţŮ˾ͼͼ˾ͼͼʱĿŮĺܣضǿŮ϶Ϊ˾ġûīлֱ˵˵лôżΪ׽ĹϵŻô˵Լ֮ǰεĸīԡ
Ҫ˾ͼͼܻŮжٿ־壬˼һɾʿ˵ɱɱƺǳ׵ĸɱڻˣ
һڵСʿ˼϶ɣ
˾ͼͼţǱŮ˵Ըߣ
ߣ˾ͼͼЩ¡
־磬ý뵽㣬ȴ˵һԵ֡ң֮壬ǡ̫˵㡣Ů΢΢һЦҪǿ͸߰ɡ
ҡѡ𣿡˾ͼͼСĿŮʵ
ȻŮĿһ˾ͼͼһĨȫڳīļ䣬Ȼ˲㣬ѡ񡣡
˾ͼͼϣʱ¶ʹ֮ɫԼƺ뵽һܵСȻ֪ܾʲôȴŮº͵£ܵǱصɱ
Ҹߡ˾ͼͼ̵ʱ䣬ȷѡ
Ůʱֿƽá
ƽ͵һ£ҡҲߣ
Ů¶ЦݣŹ
ȻŮīһĨ¶ī㣬ԪԺܿ룬ĻѾ㹻ʵˡ澳֮塭
֪ΪΣŮ̾ϢһȻųīڰ֣һ˾ͼͼͻƽãȫһʧա
īվ
ֱܾ֮󣬲ڳīϵСðͷһδĹҵšˣ


588 ֮ˮ
ޣ㻹īʱ˸ۣһ䡣
֪ʲôСڳīļϣߴٵ߿ߣȥ˲㣬ȥ֮ˮ硭
Ѿ֮ˮˣ
Ұȥ֮ˮ
ǡ
£ߣ
ðɡ

ʵĵڶһ˲䣬ڸţսı͵һѪ¶ŵɫ췢һŭ𣺡˭˭һɱҵĵڶ
飡
ʷŭĹٶͬһͻȻݺһƣʵؿϡ
ۣ
ʶʱһѪ
Ǳߵţݺһնʵļһƴֱӽննһ޴ɽһҲܸ
ϵս±貵Ĺâ巨âС
ȻţһɳȥڰУѪ
ɱţͺһ
ɱţֱͬƹ֮һ㣬ȥ
ʵĵڶɱԪˣﻹҸɲĻսжݷֱʧС
ţЩ㬵վϴżֲ֮ɫ
С㶼ѾɱĵڶԪشȻֵˡ
ţԴЩƵ˵ǰû취ʿСֶ̫̫࣬ƻˡһΣҪʮ꣡
ЦʮꣿҿʮҲδָܻٺ٣С㹻ݣ
ˣϻˣȥɡţƺ뵽ʲôЩ䡣
ţһۣȻЦʵҲزȥҲûʲô
뷨ţ˵ţת뿪׳˶ıӰȥµ
ֱţʧУŽһֻϳɫƬݵıӣͬһɫ硣ֻǲ֪ΪʲôͬһɱϢɢ
磬ҵһܻ档
ͻȻ˫ۣȻн³Ѫ˵ľ񣬶ήҲ
۾˳޵ĹâҧǧҲ˭ɱҵĵڶҾŹ㣡
˵ţϣȡŵҩȥϵɫٻָһЩʵϣһܵˣ൱ءڶɱԪܵشȻŵ磬Ҫ׻ָҪʮʱ䡣
Ҫǣһɾĵڶ׻ɱۺͷŭ顣Ҫ۳һûʱ䣬Ͳܣ
£һǸˣǸ֮ʵŮйأҧгݣǧҪ֪˭
ܹϢĨһɾˣ϶Сɫ١Ҳŵľ磡
ĵܣȻ٣Ҳûൽȫ޷֤
ˣʷģһҪ˸
ийصˡʶ췢ģһҪǵļ¾ʺ췢Ѫġ

īʱС֮ˮС档
ǸŮǻĽ飿ǻĽҼһͷīе֣Сһ֪ʲôЩεǣС
˵ͱˣģλ̡Ƕǲ𰡣ֻҪ֪ȷģǳģ飬ԺԸ⣬Ȼ㣡Ҫǲ˵Ҷ࣬϶ᱻݺݽѵģСĳᵽŮԴſ־塣
һԪ֮飬ѵͽѵ£ѵ㻹֪ۣīʵ
ϻôͲ֪ۣСŭ׷£Ͳ֮ˮˣ
īʱ˵ˡ
Свס˳īҲظһųī֮ˮС棬ҹգ֮ˮУĺڡ
ʵһ뵽ī÷ˮͨһ£õĽСĵطһģһ
īи̾ˮͨǿޱȡǵǸΣʹͨ¿ƬǺսˣ
СҲû̫ϻֱӴųī뵽ĵĿռ䵱Уͬڷһ߿ʯס
ңҽȥͨû̫ĻӦûһС˵ţֱӻһâ뵽ʯ׵С
ī룬ϥ£ʼ
ûãʯǱߴһ΢ĲСͬʱһˡ
ī˫ۣߵСԣһλͬߣȥȴٷӣһˮɫŴ󵽸һС϶ԵǧŮ
֮ˮӳųī΢΢һЦϴһ֮ˮû뵽ôּˣû뵽ԭ㡣Ե


589 ֮ľ
īӣһ漴һȭϴε飬Ҫлˣ
㲻øҿȻ㣬Ǿʲô˵˵ĶţȫСһ㶼ס
һԵСȴͷĵˣСˮͲҪװĻˣϽȥСɡ
ȿȡСˮСⶼʲôְ֮ˮɵ̲סüͷʵ̫ˡ
ȥСһָī
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Сųīô
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СˮСȻҲû
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ī˸ں棬ҲŽȥ
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ҲɽҰȫǸߴľ
ЩһͬһɽƣóīĿɿڴ
ȻǾȥСľɣ׵磬ҪҳЩټ򵥲С˵
īԴҲʾͬ⣬һ˽뵽ģг֮ľǰ֮ľһʮҵݸӣȥ˺صˣɫʮֲ԰ס
һССˮСɫҲѿ
ôˣʲô飿īЩȵʵ
֮ͨˮ֮С𼸸īЩԪ֮Ȼǿ󣬵ȴǺóս
ңǵľ磬Ҳر
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Ǹ׵С棬ǾߣӦûʲôڣܹ˺ǲǡô֮ľһ˵ģ
ȻīСʱ˵Сľˣ
ƣīһ㶣ʲôֵطƵ֮ľ
СľųīͷȭʩȻ˵ҲԼСģһˣˡһҩģҿҩû뵽ǸȴңϢҵΧ·ȻͻȻӿһȺǿߣЩˣȫҵĸ֪ǳġոҪǼʱϵҾΣˡ
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590 
棬ǻ֪Ѿȳˡ֮ľº͵˵ƺЦЦȴһĸо
ʲôģȻôأīЩԾ
ˡ֮ľ˵ţЦſһС
ī˳СľĿ⿴ȥͻȻ뵽ʲô૵ľ
ûм̳зˮ֮ͨǰǲģڣȴһЩ
СɫѿҧȺ쵰ǲ֪ģռ˴֮𣬹һ֮󣬽Сľ档һ˴ķҪСľҪȥļʱΣˡ
ѵĵطҲ֮𣿡īЩ֣˵ֶ֮Ԫأûô׵õȻĻ֮ʵʿкܶࡣ
Сҡҡͷɵ֮ϸ˵Щ㲻֮Ϊ֮ȫġõЩֻ֮˵֮ûġ
Сˮһ˵Ԫ֮飬ȴ㹻ˡ
θںܴ󰡣ȻҪ֮ľҪΪĵ𣿡īʵ
ҪΪĵʣҡҪΪԺȻĴڡ֮ľ˵Ǳɹôͻӵҵ֮ľƹȻ
ԭˡīˡ
ˣҲû£ʱ뿪ɡ֮ľƺЩһʶ
СȴŭУ̣̣𡭡ñ
˵ţСһ֮֮ˮ
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ãһСĦȭơ
֮ˮȴС㲻ô
ΪʲôСŭֵܱ۸ˣܼŲɣ
Щˣĸһ˵ߣ˵ˡʲô³֮һԵ˵
Сһ㶣ʶ˵˿϶ʲô³Ⱥ˻ᱻԪ֮飬Ȼ־ۼһߡûҲҪɣ
׾ͺãԣ߰ɡ֮ľ˵
ǡһЩģСһյĵǾȻýľֱɵֶΡ
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֮ľ֮ҪԭҲΪīΪޣλСүǣ
ողغãǱʯһ󲨶һȺֵĴ߳
ī˿̣ѾͨݣԼòıһʮҵꡣ
Ϊ˵ľ磬ȫѹƵ죬ԣû˻ڣīְϵһ
ЩһÿīվСĿռ棬ȫ΢΢һ
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ȺŮһ˸ˣʯ
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벻Ȼ˽ȵˣҲʡҷˡī˵ţȻ̧ͷ˵ϵбȫУõ֮ľȫóɡҿǲ
ɶ˵ɶ˵һ飿ϹԵӣԭɫѿԭΪһʧԽ֮ľŪ֣ȴ뵽ǹһ֮ľʧӰ٣
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٣ȻҪǣ
˼ǻˣȻٵϹټͷˡ
Сӣһû˯ѣϽذɣšȻһûˣ
ϹټҵŮ׷̲סԳ
ôīϣ¶һĨЦݣҪ棬һĲ˵ֻһˡԴһȺ
ϻɱǸˣֱҪɱī


591 ÷
Ϲ骸ҪǱһʮЦɱţӵһ˾㹻ɱ
˵ţųīֱӳ
һҲͼľ룬Сռеѹǵģֻڽʱ֮ѹûˡˣϹټٶȼ죬¾类ѹƵ죬Ȼܸоǿƥս
߻谵СռУȻһĨ⣡
˵ָ֮䣬ȻһĵƬǵƬϸĻע⵽͸
˵ϣЦеĵƬֱӳųīĺ
ȻֻܷӳȴѾϤֲεսӵ£ţԼһ㲻ܽ˵ɱ٣Ҳˣ
ѱСƬɲѰıһķӵżΪĵУ˵˵ĲӣǸһȥҲжһĸп
īҲȻһĨǿҵս⡣
ӣȥûʵϣ˫ȴŻӰ粽һּ΢ķʽڸٵ˶ţ
ڳ˵УֻǸˣƺоһʲôͻȻ䷢һȣϹСģ
ʱȴѾˣ
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ϹָǷƬѾ嵽˳īǰϣѾ¶Ц⣬·𿴼ǰ֪ߺѪĳ
飡
һ죬Ϲӣֱź浹ɻȥ
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ǽʱһ͵ɷųŹ־ѹڣǼѾˣЩҲˣѹģ
ˣϹȥһ˲䣬īΣ˲䱩һѳֱӴϹüġ
ϹټߣˣֱӳҪϹ
īȴһЦȵľ
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ȻĻСռѹɲģǳīҲ˵Լܹڶѹͬʱս
īԭóڲͬڹУõ̫ĴУĸ棬Կɣ
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ÿһ÷Ϲټʿϣųһ޵Ѫ
˹Ϲټʿеʱ־ȡ
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ۣ
īһϹüģҲͳ˻硣
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īˣа𾪣벻λʦȻôϵ棬ʵǸޱصĵطʱȻЩͳˣ˲𡣵īȴûЩʦԸܵ㡣ڿӦЩ˺ܶණ
ľǼ򵥵ģҪԼͳôô
ڲʱ򣬳īĿϹټЩˣҪȥͽȻ
̫ˣϹټһŮӣһߺ޵ŭųīһʱ䣬ͲµʱϹټҶ׷ɱ
īһЦڰ֣ǻҵ׷ɱ𣿡
ŮӶʱ˵ˣȷȻīڰ֣ҲŹīġ
Ϲһ˵ûʲô˵ģһϣɱ
ȴסҪȥļˣռСҹŹ֣ķѹģһȥ޷˻ء
Ϲŭѵôˣһ˲ɣҶ쾳磬ʲôµģ
˵ɫҲѿһӣѾʧˣûõ֮ľһЩȫص֮󣬿϶ܵʮĳͷ
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ԥһ£¶֮ɫϹ˵һϣϧۣɱ


592 
ʣ˵УŮһУҲȫ˵˼ǿ⣬Ϲ骲У
ҪôЩˣص֮󣬿϶ȫҪֲܿĳͷ뵽Ϲټҵļҹ棬⼸˵Уȫ¶Ȼ֮ɫ
Ϲ骣ƺЩգŭʲô˼ѵϹ骾̰֮
ǵճĹӣҪǳʲô⣬ǻ³ɣǸһֱû˵ŮӣͻȻ˵һ䡣
Ϲҧһ˵ǣ
ĸѾˣŮ˵ţһˣϣ
˵ͷˣһųīƹǲ֮ǰˣȫʮСġγһΣҪīװΧ
۽Σ¶Ϲټҵȫ׷ɱϹվʯԱߣĿųī˵㣬һУйϵˣǶҪϹټҵֶκ;ġΪ㣬Ƕ᲻úסˣ磡ˡͲܸˣңһˣɢ⣬ϹټҵĴۣ
īЦȵ˵ɣɱ˵ļˣͬɱģϹټҵļͰҪ̫ǼķҶһˣҾ͸ɱʮ
īԼϹ骵һηͻʱ򣬶ԷߵвλУóϹ骲ڿЦ˾ԺֶΣ
ȻˣԼʲôɹ˼ɵģ
һθôвҵˣ嶼ˡϹ骵˵Ҫб£Ϲټһ£ʲô³
ǾԡīϣͻȻ¶ЦݣеĽͻȻһУٴ÷Ʈ䣡
Сģ˴һֱӼһɢһ͵ߵļȫ棬Ȼȵɱ
ŮһУȫȡһɱīҪīնɱ
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˵ţֱųīɱ
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ϹվǹսϴĹâɫʮѿ֪ΪΣǰˣͻȻ˲ʱǸ꣡
ī
ԣǸһʱǸӵɫѪľ弫ƷŮӲīһӣ˸߲˵ݺһҿʱ侲ȻĻҲƽһѹȻ󱻻ڻС
ǰʱŰϱǼ£˵īְ׼пһˣ˽硣
ǸСٿ㣡Ϲ骵УĹâ
ߵսѾֱչ
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īеĽʽޱĴУǶĹ
²ܶκηƾʽҲ㹻˾ޡ
ʱϹټҵˣѾȷ˾÷Ĵߡ
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Ҫ͵ķĸˣ¶һ˵Ķ֡
˺һŮУȫԽԽľӿһǿҵĿ־壡
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ĸΧīȴȫƿīĽīߣҲһ޷ƿԷķɢķ硣
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˵ϣ¶һĨ֮ɫͻȻ
ߵӣͻȻ˷ųīֱ˹ȥ
ۣ
īеĽݺݵĴ뵽ؿڣ׼Ľ̴
һĲҽУޱŤͣųīķ͵һˡ
ǰѴ̴Ľ˲佫̴
꣬ȴ˫ۣҪīס
Ůӣȫ¶׺֮ɫͬκηųī˹
飡
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ȭ֮ȭ
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һնڳīҼ֮ϣ
˵ϣ¶ޱȺı飬ŭȥ
Ȼгīֱֽ۵ĳ棬ȴûг֡һͬڸһ㣬Ȼһӵľ졣
ϣ


593 ֮
һվڳīҼϵһ˲䣬һֱվʯԱߵϹȣͻȻ䶯ˣͬޣһѷ䣬ֱӴīĺ
ϹټҵİΣѹͷмӵܣԸסˣͬ鴴ᣬ˻ɱ
ֶΣͨ˵õĻᲢࡣϾζŻڻУȴûֺ֮ǡ
ˣ˺ȳһʱϹ骡Ͷˣ
Ϲ骿һȻնǰ˵ĸ첲һȻһ
ҪΪϹټҵĵӣϸʲôͣ˵ɱˣҲ̸ʲôֻ͡ʹˣҪɱޡ
˭ûϵһͬնڽʯ֮ϣǹɾ޴ķֱ֮۷ĸоϣʱ¶Ȼ֮ɫȵãлף
īϣȴ¶һ˿ŪЦݡ
ô
͵ǰɣ
гһĨһ貵÷˵ĺš
˵۾ɵϴŬҪý뵽īУȴ˳һ㣬ԶȥȻҪͷתϹǱߡҲûܳɹϡУ·Ϲ骷һ춯صŭ
Ȼ˾ʲôˡ
һ̣ͷʹѵ˫ۣоԼԪش˫ֲţȡһ޸Ԫĵҩ͵
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Ϲټң֧ݣȴΪ츳ãõӣôԴѾɾ硣˵ϹټңϹҲһ
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ȥ飬ǡúͷ˸õĵҩģֻҪھͺãϹ˵ţתš
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һġС𣬵Ůӣƺûһġ


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ȻǸһȥŮһ۳īؿڵλãЦеĵǽ뵽ǸռС
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īһۣŮҡҡͷһεĵϧû취ջ󡭡ˣǷǷɣꡭŮ˵⣬סڲ˵ˡ
ţԪ֮飬û˷߸Ԫʥ
īǼģ̲ס˵ôԪʥôô
Сһ۳īƲ㶮ʲôԪ˵ֶ޼֮
Сֱӽ߿ԪʥȻпҴӾһ죡
ҲǣСˮĶţԪʥȻųīʩһ񣺡лӵ죬ҲܰϹӡ
СľҲųīʩ񣺡ӻԪʥļֵǲƭӣ߿ԪʥҽһԼ͸ӣȻعڻ磬ҶĸԸ
ŮЦĿųīˣǾͱ˵ЩˣǷ˹ټǿ϶ϣ
С˵ǣ˵һ졭Ҳȥ׷Ѱϴ
Ԫ֮飬īǣǵõԪʥҪȥչˡ
ԼĻ˵ǣ֮أӽ𣬽Զرգ
ʲôʱǳеԪʥŻ¿šʱȫᷢʵı仯
һԵŮӺȻߵīǰһǣټҵĹӣ
֮һЦӣǣ
ټӣ֮ľīʩ
СˮһĶţųīºһЦʩһȻȥ
Сǰī˵гһռƽãҪչһ¡˵ԼҪȥһ㣬Ҫȥ˾ͼͼһ֮𣬰ɾ֮塣
ӣ˾ͼͼǸѵõ˲ţȻλߣôһ죬һ߰㡣ȥ飬ͱ̫ˣֻһеУе־飬²ȺСѾͷѡСĳ˵꣬һ⣬ʧ
īվڵز֮ص棬ипǧ
ԸоЩԪ֮⣬ǶԴһ
Щҵҵ𣿡ī˸𰸡
īȴӼᶨԼġ
ڣ׼Ҫȥһ˲㣬ʶʫԸ⣬ôʹǻ˽磡
īʱܹԸоԼķһЩ仯ƺǰ˼ɵġ벻ͨġԸȥ飬һͻȻĻȻ
Ҳɡ
īϣ¶һ˿Цݡ
ʱϵŰ壬ͻȻ䴫һ΢Ĳ
īóŰ壬ɨһۣЦݽȥϹټҡѾʼ˶ͨ
ϹټͨģȴɵǸˡ
˵Ϲټҵϣ֮ľȻָģǾݵġȴ׵ȷݡ
÷ĴߣֻҪʹ÷ˣϢͨϹټ壬лɱߣϹټ꣡лõԻ÷


595 ʲôϵ
Ϲټһ֣νݡ
īֻó÷һִйĻ˵ܱǸҳ
һֱֵ꣬޷Σʱ̣վһ˵ǿԮ
ֳŵκһ壬ʱ򣬶֮
벻ϹΪ˱𣬾ȻɷѿġҲ֪ô˵Ϲټҵļģǡ÷ϹټЩԹ
īһЦ÷ôԼʱþǣ
ʲôʱϹټҵˣʲôʱã
īյĴУＸʮ֡ÿһ֣ģϹټҶͨǳīԼԸ⣬ȻԶгɹ졣
ţīھ΢΢һʧ˻ĵز㡣
óīû뵽ǣھ֮⣬һˣҩ
һʮˣŮС
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ݾԶζɢʮֺ鵤Ҳûж٣Ҵ඼ݱȽϵ͵ģһ㶼Ǽ֣⡣
ߣǸһҲ֪ôˣ֮ǰ飬ֵ綼зﲻðڵӡ̫ù˲鵤ƹ˵Ѿܾû¶ˡҾͲţ鵤ûܿȥɣһҪΪҩʦʱ鵤õδƺȻīʮָӣɫȴЩ΢죬ȥʮ޶ˡ
ʦãϲ㣬ҵζɢ
ʱһòӢӣߵǰϴº͵Ц⣬ƵĿУŲεİ⡣
ллʦܰСѰҩġƳ΢΢ʩ
΢΢һЦʦúαôǴС÷
Ƶϣ¶εЦݣһ۲ԶˣȻ̾һ˵ʦ֣ҡ
ûϵʲôҪ˵ҶӵһĨ磺ڻСҪκξܶãҶԸȡ
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ǸȻ˼ͷġƽʲôŭԹ飬ôܱԼ忳Դ͵鵤ȥ
ƸְҲãīҲա֮䣬ҪûһϵΪʲôҪ˻ǹߣ
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ĲȻᶯģ˵ĹҡҲޱ֧޳һ
鵤ȻЩЩ˥󣬵ȻһȻ鵤˵ôȻ൱޴ġ
ùĲЩٵǣôʾα⣬ߡʼգûɹڣ˵ˣЦûһΣ
һΣҲƤĳһƸѣŰѰҩĵ壬ĿĲö˵ȻǼƵķˡ
ʱ򣬸һӢ۾ĻᡭڻһΣҶԸⰡĲž¾׵лȵ뵽
ֻﰲĺܣ˵ˣǻǿ飬һ˵鵤õСҲ˭еһµġ
ʱһʮֻŮӣȻߣƽЦ˵ʲôĻأǲ̸˵ѽ
ĲаϲĻŮһ
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Сƣм£һֱ㣬ò㣬ûˣȺСһ𳤴ĺѣһ䣬ְ֮䣬ʲôϵ


596 ƵĿ
Ƶɫ˲һ䣬Ŀ̡
ЩԭҪˣһƵɫʱȫֹǰ
Ⱥ˵Уһֱǵ֮ĺģȻС鵤Сݣȴޱȸ߹
ЩϰߣǴСɵģµ˽죬ҶѾ󣬵һʱ䣬Ҳûô׸ı䡣
˵ڳЩ˵ļ壬ǿ鵤ġ
Ǹ鵤ãһپ٣һĹϵλ鵤õСЩηġ
̿ƵɫҲЩ֮ǰĲܾã͸ټֵƵ̱Ҳ֪飬ˣȻƵɫѿӲͷƤ˵СƣǶǴСһ𳤴ĺѣһֱ㵱׽ÿʲô飬Ҫ֪ѽ
˵ţһһЩεĹĲ
ʱ˵ʲôҲ˵ģˣĲҲֻӲͷƤЦʵҲǹ㣬뿴Ʋ֡
Ʋ֣𣿡ĿЩˣһֱô
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Щ˶׷׵ͷ
ǰʲô飬ܱﻵġ
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⣬Ҳ˶֪ģǹĲȻװµӣһȴѾ
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ʣְ׽ǲˣ֮䣬ûκεĸ̸ϲΪʲôÿ뵽־ĵĸоƺΪǣ
Լһеġ
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е֪ǸбŮ֮󣬾ͺԥķˡ¡ģŮˡ
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ǰʱ䣬ֵú׵Ǽ£ʵһֱڰйע
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ǸŰϱϵ˵ʱְ֪׾ǳīΪȻݣȴû취׸ĻݡڲףԭһУȻǻĽ鰵а
ϢĲְ׺ܸܿīһˣǣְ֪Ǹ˭
ǸɫľŮӣ
ͬڻ羪һ֣ͳʧɫѪ
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ҲǸɫŮӵӰ񡣵ʱԳɫѪ޴䶯ܶ˶Ӱ
ԼҲǾɫǸŮӱƺеĲࡣ
֮ƾͼˣְҲãīҲգƣûʲôϵ
ɽԼ鲻ԽǸˣȻԼĹнٶ𡭡ƸоԼǿҵĲ
̧ͷ˺ŹĲŵ̾˵һּߵʦ츳˵ƽ
˻
ڳЩˣȫ̲סһͬʱУģмֲ
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ڳЩ˵ļ壬鵤ģԣǸԵļҪľӪΧȻҩҩܳһϵЩˣǸԼе콾İм˵ˮ׼鵤õĸ߼ʦΪ
ƾȻ˿һˣһһ˽ˡȫùֵֹģܲ
ǹĲжδıְףһ


597 ʫͶľ
ֱֲӵıֳΪ˽ƣƲϲְףֵĻҲ᲻ϲ
ˣûôĹ˼ˡ
ֱ̾ӿڵСƽţȷô
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˽硭ֵطʿûУȻ˽еҩĵ¯ʲô𣿡
Ǻǣܶҩʶɣ
Ҫģʿǣ𣿡
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Щģ̲סʵû취ܣһ˽꣬ⷽ泬Խǵʵ
ЩԼϵܵѳǸˣ治֪Ϊʲôеķ꣬ͻȻȵˣ
һȫͣһĿ
̵Ȧ˲ͺˣƣСƣȻΪһˡҪǷ
ĲģҲһ³뵽ȵס
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૵һ˽Сӡô᣿ôܣ˵ţ̧ͷƣ
ҸʲôϵҲûУƺ˺ģ˵˵֮һȴʮܣʧȥʲôҪĶһ

Ĳ˿ϣ¶Ц⣬º͵˵ˣҲΪһʲôˣ˺಻ã԰ɣ˵ŻЦȻǷ봺õ˲ţԺлҪֺôΪ鵤£
ȫĬţü˿Ĳ񣬶Щͬˡ
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⻰ȴǲ˸˵̣Ҳ˵ô̼
۲תѾҵζɢˣ߰ɡ
˵ţҲˣתȥ

īΣֱӳ˳Ĺ
뵽һ˲䣬ֱӸӦĽ磬Ҫȴǰ
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īҲ˽鵱ʱΪʲôĵԭ뵽ĿھڶһؼЩ˵ѹΪ˱
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īΣһʱӰǰ
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㡭ˣ￴īһϲ
ʫ˸ŸӵĹâһεĿųī
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ӣԲ𡣡ʫųīӯӯһݡ
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īʫļָˣ
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ī˵ǣǽʲô㣿˵ǵļ壬Ҫǻȥ
ŮͷһҼҸʫʫļ壬ȫͽҾ޴ĺôǲŲȥȥҲ϶ûʲô³
ʫųī˵һֶΣժȡ
ժȡīһ
ԣӳˣͿժȡˡʫ˵Ҹڶ֮ˮĵʣڶʱ̤޽ɾʿôȻ˭ժȡʿ㲻ϡһʣȴûΪԼ˵һص˷ѡ
ī̲סһ𾪵ĵǶǼӵܰô˵ǿȥ
ҪķѶԴҡЩˣ͵Ȳˡʫ˵
ģīʵ̲סһ䡣
ʫųī˫ʵӣҸô鷳㻹Ըǽ𣿡


598 ŵ
ȻīЦ˵ֻҪû⣬ߣͲ⡣
СĵĿųīϵı飬˵ӻ˼ҪǽõĻôһ죬ܻҪԶҺؼҵŭ𣬻ҵǱߡ
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һֹǱ۸ġ
īŮ̲סЦԼûǵǱһ
ʫ̲סһ˫ĵӿųī㲻£
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Ǽ仭棬Ǿ֪ȷǿѹңǻйڶġʫЩԥʱ˵ĻĴȥǶԶӰ졣
뵽ĻȷԻīһףҲҵһǧɡʫͶڵؼҺͶҡͬ䲻ʲôôǼ仭һЩˣһᶭīʲôʫĵǶ
һᵫȴ̬ȼĵֹ֧ӣҸ֮䣬׵ĺܣ
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ī˵İɣ򲻵ѣҲģϾ¹ϵԣ¡
ī̾һȷŷŰɣҲãϴˢҲãҪԼ㹻֮УЩʩӸǵģ죬ҪʮٱĻȥҵĳŵҲҵԣ
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ȻƷȴΪǳ壬츳׿ӵļӵܣʸõƷĲϽ˽죬ȴǵķˡмҲܻأ˵һΪݳ޵顣
īȴЦǵҪ̫ˣ˵ţī̾ϢһϧûôȻĻһѰƷĲϡԼǱڰҡ
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ǱʫϣҲžϲ֮ɫȦ죬ƺҲӵһ³īл⣬˿ǱߵĶʫϣ¶һ˿Ľվû
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īſŮȻһ˵ߣǻ˽磡
īԼû뵽һεĻ֮УȻ˳˵мһ㲨ۣȴǺܺõġ
ûм飬ЩźΪƿߣӦҲʲô⡣μԺܼ
󣬳īŮ˽ĿھŮֱʧ˳Ĺ档
īʫŮû뵽Ǹո뿪磬ͱһǰδеľ޴䶯


599 Ļ
ڳīʧ֮󲻾ãЩһֱ濴߶維ˣؼˣһֵˣȫĿһ䣡
嫾޴ĹͻȻķѣϱ
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ʧֻһֲĴӣס
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һҵʿҲһźĵĽ飬Ӧöסѹˣϧˡһ覵֮ˮʰ
ȺУˣȫϲɫʧڻУŮˡӦó˰ɣռд˵ĽŮˡõĽ
۶ңؼҺͶңһ
Уһγ˹ȴҵЩˣɫ䡣Се飬ȫһλǷӳ죬˵ɫȴ൱ʣ
ī˽꣬򶥼ɫѪ磬ˣ𾪡ѪΪبǿѪ
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˵ףֻһλ磬顭Ҳһ飬ûʸҪһҪƽ
Ͼ粻һϷ磬һĳ̶ֳ˵ɽ硢ûκʵ磡
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һûκθף΢ɫѪţ˭
Ȼŵĳɳ֮·ǳΪ飬ȻܸԤ̫ĳɳ̡Ტο£ȴȻûѡ
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600 ֤
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ûܵõģͲǼүĻԵǼүĻԵ϶͵ˣ󹫼һֻĳīı˵㲻öģүǿĺܣʱǿһҵ
īЩĿŰοԼĴ󹫼Цûйֵط
󹫼һۣСӣ̫Сˣʵ㣬磬ʵ˽硭ƶߵءһصĹ֮⣬ûκֵ̽Ѱĵط硢ɽ硭ȫͬˣ˵ٶ࣬ҲΪүţ𲻳ϣ㿴񣿸˵ү֪ʶԨԼµĳ̶ȣȵ磬ү죡ڻԵʲôġٺ٣СӡʵǼүĻԵ
ЦЦ֣սٹ±ʷϿա
ЩǶܺ棬ΪʲôҪѡطȺ˺ܿͱ±ʷľɫǵīЩˣ˳ŵħµĴ󶴣뵽֮˸Ǳ𺳵ü˵
ԺطƮ칬ַˣīˣɣȫգˣҪģȵ֮һᰲš
˵ţīֵһ棬취󣬴ӽҲûκˣܹ뵽ⷽԲǧ֮ڣҪֻһ
ȫųī˵Ҳѡ
ϦǼСųīĿ⣬ǳ˳ݡ
Ϧ¿վڸߴĳīа׷СѾͷҲгɷһô


605 
˵Щ֮󣬳īֱһȺ쾳˰æ䶴
Ҫģǽ±ʷһ֮أ
ǵģīҪ˽磬ûʿĵطһĿĸأ
÷һ츣أ
˶ʱɢæģеˣȫɾʮ㡣
˽ɽ磬췭ظľ޴仯ûˣɣҲ˽ǡīѾ˵֮˽һˡ
ܸһߣûг·
˵īѾ˵ˣҪˣ磡
簡
ǿϽ磡
һԼȻлԽ뵽һ˵ͷһƬȡīһĻЩǰҲȫ
طˣҲȥһīȴǼǰ¡
ī˪ط缸ˣλǰ䣬ûǣ֮ˣУöʫսǻȥ˽ӹޣӽ𣬾Ҫ׼ˣ
Ҫô˵УЩӣޱڴһĵҪԼɸԻͣҪгһܹƽһĵǰʱЩ˵棬ͬʱҲЩӡ
ϽУЩƶߵ磬ǵĹ磬ĵط
Щ汲ϡȻҲǰǼʡʵ̫ˡѾ̫û˳ɹ
ֵͷϣͻȻоҪ֣һ׵顣
ѹ֡ɵĵ伮ϿЩǰ֮ǰܶ꣬Ͳκط૵ҪϾһгԵ
˪ҲЩпͷǰϾǵĹ磬ǵĸһ뿪Ǿͳ޸ĸƼϽ磬ҲһƬãȻ̫࣬ٶɲȥ
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˪Ҳ˵ǱߡҲһЩء
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ط硢˪ˣȻѾ쾳磬ȻڳīõµĴС
ԭܼ򵥣ԭĴУ࡭ֻǳΪʿ
ĵڣЩ˵ĴУ͸֧ǼȥҪߵĸԶƾԭĹûκϣ
СѾһѩͻƋOЩˣȻǲõģڹУҲȫõԼǷݴС
һͷʣǲ˵ĵµƮ칬ۣڹ±ʷｨ
µʱ䣬ȻЩ츳ѵ̫ߵľ磬ȴȫī˼ʵĻ
ֻҪǰճī̸ǵİ취ŬȥôҪ̫꣬ǾͿһɳ죡
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һ￴һƬϼߣĴЩ˵ʦδƮ칬ˣЩ˵ǲȸ½ϵǸƮ칬ġ
īЦЦ𣿡
һȻһЦȻ


606 
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һ˵ﻰˣȻƮ칬˵͸ļһʦ衣Ʈ칬ЩڣһڡϾһġɲǳīģ
īЦЦİɣһƮ칬ףô
Ȼڣһ˵
ͷһǵλȻһãǣһЩ֪Ʈ칬ôģİҵƮ칬ĿɽʦүҡҲֻ֮档ī˵
ģһ˲ųʣճյĿųīã˵īлл㣬ллôΪ룬ʵ˵̫ίˡƾڵЩ綼ǾĴУҪһµɣΪɵʼ棬ûһ⣡ȴΪҡʲô࡭
īЦҡҡͷ˵ôΰǽһôĸ飬ֶʵô¡𾴣ɽʦүҲã֮Ҳգ𾴡治𾴡˵׼ͷʦء
һͷ˭ף˶ܿÿġ
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̫߿ˡʵֻˡīЩ˼ЦЦȻ˵˵ڡԺ󣬷İɣǲڵġЩȻ䶼󣬵ʵҲûС١ǵƷԣ֮ѡѾδǣƾǵ̣ǲῴ˽һġһ˵ǵУҪȨˣҲ˺֣ʱ򣬻ѹǵģ
ī˵ţȡһĦţ૵ʦҵģһֱûùһѹ˽Ʈ칬ˡ룬߷ӦҲоѵһ졣
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ѹ˽Ʈ칬ˣʺϲ
⼸仯ô󡣡һ￴ųī̾ϢĵЩ⣬û뵽Ѿ뵽ҡѾ׼˺֡
ôңһ᲻˼ġīЦվԶ˽ֻһʼţڲԶδ˽һܹ߳ྪž޵ĶʿһЩףеƶ֮أһ߳ĿɿڴĴܣ
⡭ִģһҲվī磬µϣ˸Ŷ˵Ĺԡ


607 
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Ϊ֮ԼĿǰΪֹĳңܻܿڵһʱ䣬
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Уط硢СѾһڣ˪ԼѩһƋOʫ
ϳīһʮһߣڴˡ
ЩˣȫѾӵ˿ʱɽٷ
ʢ˽˵Ҳǿǰġȥǹ³һʢʱڣҲǲġ
ٵλЩ˽⣬Щܲ˽⡣ûϵھͽͨķ̸ǣƲ뱸֮ǰīڳһݴ
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Ϊķʵ̫ǿˣ
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ī⣬ǶƱȸɵ˱оơ
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īȡһɫСӣֱӽһ׽ˡ
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ŷųīůͬʱҲȫпǧ
˲Ҳۣһֱīһĺˣ
ˮ֮ӿȪ౨
լʺؽ㣬˵ˣˡ˸ֵģҲ治
䣬ڲп磬һ㣬һ漣
ھʿ˵ȥˡѾĺˣ
һӹɫСӣ촽Ŀųī


608 ǰ
øǵԴѾָˣĲϣľʯ㹻ܾáһ㣬ʱһҪ˻֮ʫȻǣһҪѡһ̻ߵĵط¡īĳĽУЩʯǧܱκ˿ȻĻǽдѣ
ȻһЦʶӣǶˣ
ЩֵֹĿɫ΢΢һ죺ҲǸ˼ǿ֪׼ϣʲôƷô
ʫʹ󹫼֮⣬ѩͻСѾڹеõ𴫳еˣ¡Ͼֻǵõ˴С
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˵һΪͨϾƷƷеӸ׼ϣƷ
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Щ⣬ڳÿһˣ涼˼
īЦЦİɣҿ϶µġµЩ飬ҲӦøǡϲǸŮӣ磬ǾˡһΣնǿĵˡ
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ڻ磬һΡ֮£Ѿǵ˭Ұˣ֮Ҳû硣Һܵī˵š
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ģƮ칬ǣʫųī˵ôءһᴦе飡
ţǣҺܷģī˵
󹫼ųīȻ˵Сӣ磬Ҹһ𣡡
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뾫оɣҡܹҵǣ󹫼˵룬Ӧûүһӵġ
īһϲ˵һ𡭡㲻Σգ
󹫼Цү˭µһ
˶ʱ


609 ٱ
պ󣬹±ʷУƮ칬ˣȫۼ
Ʈ칬˵춼һӡΪǵĹǵʦҪˣ
Щǣȫһֿȵ񣬿ϵǸˡ
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īСɵģһλŮĴС׷ˮͨ
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ϣʲôܱҪأ
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ʱСɱīصǱʣֳˡЩЩãȻ꣬˵ʵᣬʦ𴫸ǵĴУɲֻ˵ģʦĿꡭ磡ֻҪúǶʦõı𣡵һ죬ȫ֮پۼʦߣʱǱʱ򣡡
ʦǵĶ飬ֹ֮о֮ʦʱңҵڡ»ڻج֮С˵꣬ǵһֱִԲеһ˿ȦЩ΢죬ʮּ˵һҾѾⱲӣһҪʦݶ飡
Сɵͷʦ̫࣬Ȼ츳ܺãϣ츳ˡֻǣʦȻѡǣΪĵӣǾǵң
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仰úܶȫ̲סĵЦ嵭˼е˸С
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Ϧ²֪Լϱӻ˶ĵ£ڽӵ˵
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Ϧ£ЩһͷɽӹЩˣһĻҲȫпǧ
ոʱЩ˵УٻһЩɵĽԳīʮ˸꣬ҲǿҵԽС
ûãԼԼжˡ
ЩʵٶȣֱĿɿڴ
һͷɺЩԭ԰츳ȺǰͲʲô˼һ츳ģΪٶȣǿö࣡
ɵԽкͽڻϤ´֮󣬸Ǳɢ
վ۷ĴɣѾֱˣ
ӽ˽磬ֻƮ칬ʲôĴɣ


610 Ȼ
ЩһͷɵˣɥҲʧ
ǳīһȺҲˣīӮЩ˵𾴡
ҪһĽҪԼɣһᣡ
ǽӵиҵĵӵͬԴȻ츳ҪŬʲôʱǷ硢ɽ硢磬ӹ֮󣬲ŻԼС
ҲǣҵĵӣҲǡ˭ڼʶĴԺҪȥԼһҪһҵҶǵɣ
ڴ֮ǰʶж֮ǰţǻš仰ǣΪڵǡңͰǷԽкͽɣ
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еػθС
ֱڣֱ˿̣һƻõĸоڴĵ۹׻Ƴһμīʱľ
ǹƼ
ʱ䣬׾Թ϶һ㣬Ǹɬֻ꣬ܿɴŲܻסԼأ
޵ϣȻֳһĨЦݣЩ졣ڣ˼ֻһֻ֣ԼǶ˰ɣ
īֿһˣȻЦ˵һ䣺ңǵĵٶҪ죬ȻҲǾֻȥɽѰˡ
Сɴŵӻһ䣺ʵǸܹһ·ʦߣ
Щ꣬ȫͷ
īһЦǣҪŬˣ
˵ţڰ֣û˵ʲôһаˣ˽磡
ಣ
īΣ˲ʧԭأһ̣֮һƬ֮ء
ɽ٣Ӱ쵽Լɡ
һˣȫԶԶĸҪۿųīɽٳɹ磬ǲŻġ
±ʷ
ųīͻȻ뿪УʱһƬš
ȻҶ֪һᵽĵһ̣˵棬Ǿÿģʮܡ
СһˣʦôԴôõĴУ˴ġӽǰͰĿʼֵȥѰŵľͳȥѰţ֮ϣǵǸˣ̵ܹʱ䣬ȥʦ𣡲ʦˣǵּ
꣬ȫȭŷּ
СȻϣ¶һ˿Ц⣺˽Ʈ칬ţֵģȴԶֻһ
꣬ͬʦ𣡡
һΣû仰
СЦЦȻһЩһͷɵǣʵǡҪô
һͷǱߵһȺ໥һᣬȻһɵŮϣСɵĳΪѩһͬСĵʵԸǣ
仰һͷЩ˵
еĳǽӹֻǽҪúҪ
īҲֻǿǣŬҪк֮ǣҲǺܶԴЩкԴʮ״Ӳֻûʩ̣ôˡ
˭ûȷ˵ҪǼƮ칬
˭û˵
ʵǳī⣬뿴ȺԶɵĵǣ׻᲻ԼļӺͽ
ʵϲ˭һߣط绹ǻ˵仰Ǳߣ˪˵仰Щˣ϶ԥļ롣ΪǵĳѾڳīߣΪƮ칬ˣ
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ڣȥѾΪƮ칬ˣ˭֪һֱû
һֱûУ
Ϊʲôû˵£
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ָоһ˸һ϶кǿҵĵִģΪǵڱԼڡ
¸տԵõõԴҲ϶ǲԸģ
ɵĽѾԿЩ˵ˡ
ԼͨˣǾһˡ
ʱ̵ģҲˡµʱ䣬㹻Ⱥ˽˽緢顣ĴɡʵѾûˡ
ȻȺˣȻʵһͷƣǵɡŲҪ̫ãͻᱻԭЩһԽ
ݺݲڽ£
ϾЩһɣη粨УܵĽѡĴɣСܶģ
ϵЩɣȸ½ϵЩɣʱûʸȥ̫ӵɣ˱ȫʵ
⣬Ҳûü֣ͱīˣ
عȥĻԻͺͽΪһį壬翪ʼһ
ôʱľ͵һɵЩˣڳʵǵ̬ҲѾ׵
ǸѩͬŮСһʡ
СûκԥȻһЦȻ


611 
꣡
ʱУͻȻһף
̫ˣ·ҪƬ񷶼һ㡣
Уˣȫ˲Ĭ϶¶Ͼ֮ɫ֪ʦʼɽˣ
ǣ
䣡
һȻ
¸Ȼ־궯ǵĸо
ţϣ᲻һӾͰɢ
ʦԸ챣ӡСĬһ룬ͻ뷨һɵĳɹɽ٣
ǲ챣ˡ
Ϊ١콵ġ
֮⡣
֮ϣ
׵磬յǵӰֱ
һһ磬ͬȺħһ㡣
ǵӰվûκεĶƾЩ׵磬ϡ
īѾȫˣ屻һŹâţˣ
һЩ˵ľīվȴʮһ㡣
ٴ壡
ûйλǰķԼ澳֮壬Ӳ٣ȻԼ壡
ȻѾûʲôˡֻһĽīҲԥ
һ̬ȣ
䣡
䣡
䣡
ƺī̬ȸŭˣϵĽ¡
󣬾žŰʮһڳīϡ
Ȼȴûܶӵ澳֮ĳīκ˺
֮ϵĽƣƺҲڶһ޲ˡƿʼɢȥ
īһһϣȻ󣬸оһɺԲ֮۴
֮⣡󹫼ĽһȻͻȻһԾȻֱīߡ
ಣ
󹫼ͳīΣ˲ʧա
Уɢȥͬһ˳ŽƵķ϶
ȺˣȫĬšŮӣˮֹס
ī֮󣬻ֱ뿪֮أЩ档
һ𣬲֪´Ǻա
硣
֮ء
ĵط硢ɽ绹磬ȫڡ
٣鲼
û֪֮ôģӹ񣬴ҲѾϰĴڣ˾ý֮ʲô֮
ɽ֮ص֣н֮أȫѾˡ̡
Ϊ˽磬Ѿ̫꣬û˳ɹ
˵Ҳȥ⡣
ɽĽ֮أǳ֣ÿ˴½ܻһЩˣвǵʡʼ֣ᱻֱ
ȻǾܾҲûʲôˣһЩ׿ܾ֮ĻܻһЩˡˣѡ˾ܾϽиĻͨΪѵġ
һϽбģڷ֮ǰͻǰϵã֮˽ߡ
ȫû顣
īܹоԼڷĹУеǽеĸоֲһ
ͬģֿռϢͬǣʱ򣬲ע壬·ϣȴдīзӵ룡
īԭͳӯĵһӱø
쾧ʯеû
̲ؼ
ķеһ˲䣬ֱӿʼУȶ궯˲Ȼ󡭡ﵽһٽ㣡
ٽ㣬壬ѾΪȫ׵һ׼
īϣ¶ϲ֮ɫ
벻ʱ򣬾ȻֺôֺôеЩǣȫ᲻ģ
Ҳǹƽġ
ī뵽
ʱǰһ䣬
⡭
īһ¶ЦݡͬʱҲЩźҪǸոǹٳһ㣬Ϳյˡ
еϲģʵķڽ뵽˵ڶľ硣
ƽУ
īܹĸоУԼڵȻֱӱѹһߡ
˵ԭڵһϢĴ󽭣ôڡͳһСӡ̲صĿֲûм٣֮ǰǿ
ķǿ֮
ԽǶķԽڵӳ
īһ۸һĴ󹫼ҲЩû˵飬ֻһһġ
̫ˣ
˵һ̣ͨӦֻһ˲Ŷԡ⣬֮ǰʹ󹫼󹫼ȴӣһƶ˵үơ
īҲʡ
ī̲סеĺ棬Ŵ󹫼ôģ
󹫼Ƴһ۳īʲôл죿Сӣү飬ֻҪһͨүͿ룡˵磬Ҫ˷ɽ硭磬үˣҲ˳ƸһȥŲ
šīͷ
󹫼ʱһ⡣
īŵűˣ˼ҿеġֻ塭
ΣүëɫӢүม
ԣ϶ᱻ˸ˣ
Сӣүƴˣ


612 ŵ
һƬʮֻߵĵط㣬ȴǳ
֮أȫ˻ĲݣľīҪǿЩĲݣǿ´ǹϵʯ塣ʯԿѾЩģġ
īЩ˵Ȼ֮֮ϵÿһ綼в٣Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ѵ綼Ѿ׷Щط
ҲֿܣϾѾ̫꣬˽û˷ˡ
߰ɣһȫĵطīһ۴󹫼һǰȥ
ܴԶ˽ɱȡҪ̵ʱҵϢأҲûôסϾѾкܶˣ֮һܹġ
ҳīҲûȫȥ׼֮󣬸ô˵˵ʲô᲻Լܶ
īǻûʧӣ¹Լĸ飬ȴշѡ
굱ʱΪѾˣԣٲ硣óīҲΪҲ֪ڵôˣ
ʶ𣬵Ѿȥࡣ
Ǹʮ꣬ҲɳΪһʮꡣ
īòû̫仯Ϥˣ϶һ۾ϳ
֮ҪѰһȫĵطɡ
ΨгΪʿ㡣ȻĻվֻһߡ
һһӽ֮أȻ뿪ûκβ飬Ҳ뵽ƽһ죬һڻȻ󲨡졢ɡ꣬ǵ硣
īʹ󹫼һǧĵطһСſɽϣŵעһ·
·ϣһˡ
ůɽеһûһĽţԵ
ɽ֧һˣһŮ䣬ȫҲͶʮ߰꣬СǸŮҲʮ˾š
˿̣Ůϵı飬ŵġֽճȭĿһգգĶ·
С责ôţ֣϶ûġһʮҵСӣŮһŵӣ̲סԵο
һʮӿǱ߶ʮ߰꣬Ŀ͸һ˿ݣҲŮ˵С责˵û㲻̫ģ֣Щ˿϶Ƕ֣
ŮĽƺ滺һЩΪмĿһǱ꣬磬ˣ
ϴһĨİȻЦݣ˵İɣǵı꣬ȻҪ£˵㣬Ҳϲ
Ůǳ˳飬εЦ˼ûнӻ
һһʮɫЩѿѣ⻰ʲô˼
ǺһЦǷһĨЦûʲô˼˵˵
ʮǸƺ˵ʲôϱЩޣȴߵͬסŮҲڰкݺݵһۣסڲԡ
Ǳ꽫ǵķӦ۵ףȴֻװûЦһӣҲȢŮӣȥɣҪҿ˷ǵʯУ
꣬ͬһڵʿڽǷԲ֮ڣҲС˵ΪʿݣΪʦţǷԲ֮ڣһɡţ
ΪŵŵӣͬݵλһȻ͡Ҳҽ񣬸ҶϵҪԭΪţǽҵ˿ݣҲԲҰô
ǽǵһˣȻ̫Զˣ
ͬ棬ΪġʵƺҲ
ҸţȷȲˣͬǷȵˣǾ˵ˡ
С贵Ůȫз责ڽ淽ϵһС嵱С㷽귽ʮʣ绨۷ʵۿžҪ
Ϊû㹻ĲϣҪԼȡǷǰ̤Ѱϵ·
ĲϣôѰңѰȴ˽ǽҵİ˹ӽʱΪˡ
ȻûаʦɣͬѧԨԴŶʮ꣬Ѿһڵʿˡ
Žҵڽǿ˵Ǻ޼ɣû˸ǡ
Ĵ壬СȻȫǲԽɳ׶飬ȫûκηֻ֮ɷֱӴߡ
飬ȥǿŮȴܵλƸ񡭡һӦȫڷϺܶ˿˸֦֦ͷˣ
ĺ£ء
ʵǷĸĸȻһʼе㿹ܣڳ˽˽ֿ֮ܵ˼Ҳ͵ˡ
ʲô壿ԼҵŮ޹ȥ檣ҲǸˣ
ңһ޹ȥڷϵĵλȻˮǴߣϣҲԼѰҡֱһá
ȴǼȲԸģΪѾˡ


613 ӭ׶
ǸˣǸոΪͬһ仰ɫˣ䣬ֵܣǷˡΪҲ۷壬Сʶ÷䣬ͷȻȻĳΪ£ߵЩˣҲΪСкܶ˵ӦһԶ
ĵܵģһʵҲﵽ۷塣ϰҴȭʵ绹Ҫ΢ǿôһ㡣
һˣжŷɣڵʵҽúֵܴСһ𳤴ķС
Щˣڷӭ׶ǿд֮󣬾һ·̵ĵطҪ
ǱߣΪ˷ֹʲôʣɳһڵʿѹ
һƾЩˣʿĶ֣Ƕŷɱͨѵѣҵŵŵӣڵʿͬ
һʼͬ飬Ȼ治ңҲƽ޹ʵĸԼһǿĵˡԶԶĿһ۷֮ͬıˡ
ȷƯʵͣȫûоκηΡʩ죬Ҳ㵹
ƯŮӣͬһ飬ţԼ˷Ӣ۾˵ǷֱӰ
Ů˲ԽŮˣԽϲǿˡ
䡭ʲôҲԼŮˣ
ͬ棬ƨ㲻ϡ
ֻһ֮ⱲӶûɹˣȴڣ
Դһ棬ʡһ棡
Ĳϣʲô˶ܵõģǴ壬Ҳ˵ԼжĲϡЩӵܣɴɣԭΪԼҺѸ̫׼Ĳϣ
ʲôϣͬҲʧܡ
־͸ˣͬԸ࿴һۡ
ΨһͬЩɵģӭ׶Ǹҵڹ¡ֻҪƽǸˣô飬ȫϡ
俴ŲԶͬȻʮַУȴҲףܲܳɹİѷȳȫˡˣȻϲҲ̫¶
ܵģŷһͬݵĺܡ
˼ᣬѾˣǰ;ȥ˵ͬлʮ֮ǰ𵤾磡
Ǹ磬ǿɾĴˣ
ɣڵʿѾķˡǿսҲѪڡ
ǣҲûмڵʿ
ˡʱͬͻȻѹ˵취ǣסڵʿҪʱ䣬ȳȻԼõĵطͷ𣿡
һţȫ˵ͷ
ʱֻԶԶģһĳӣʻ
֧飬ԼһٶˣоǽӶĴȵġ
Ȼ竣飬ҲǸ·ġ̫ȥꡣȻĻô꣬Ҫôҵ类ܹ⣬ҪôѾȽˡ
һֱڣ˹ӶĺܣģҲС
ɽҰģЩȻҲòŴһȫͷ·
Ľˣֻʮ߰˸
һӣһ뺷Ϣ̫Ѩ߸߹һһĸ֡
ǽҵһ£Ҳǽ˹ӽĸ£нգŽ죬Ϊܴ˼ҵǲӿȲ࣬һ㡣յǣȴգҪֵȥˡ˺ܶ˱죬Щģɴн󸡣
˼죬һ
ҵôˣȴûУ
ڲλڵĹ£൱ءôģڷͷϲݶˡ
տɲһ֮ĺսȺȻڣǶڵʿҲͬ
ӭȢҲǶһΡ
ǵĵؽϣ˸ǽա
ʱһƥýĺķ˵
С㣬Ȱǣϸү˵أүҲǽ棬ҹ಻ʤϲۼҰүˣҲҲûү˭ĹΨүһ۾ͿˡȢţǿ檣ɲʲôģȻ벻˽ҵףɱ֤һӸҪһСүĻҸ͸׶۰үɻûжأ𣿡
տĵȰţЩҵ涼ЩԾүʲôʱƢôˣȻһСĹ˿
ʵϣҲǽյĴ֮ɲһıç򡣶Խλ٣Ҳ˽ĺܡ֪ԼҵүȷǶġȻڷݣܽޡ
谮Ǿٲ˵ģ
ڽݵ˵ޡпĶ󣬵ʱ˵ĸôֻ֪
һóٷˣȻڽҵλͣҲȥУȴһʮĶ˽ɫϾǿа˼Ҹġ
һ·ϣС̺λ̡ȫûмŸ·һʱ䣬ԱϸĿ
Ҳˡ


614 ѡ
׻˵ֲЦˣȻڷϵ̺ʮǿƣ÷ʮʹޡһ·ϣСķУҲ˲١ҲһʼɽǿʿĥƤӣҲһԲ
£Ҳڿˡ
Сͨòյϣ¶ϲɫ£ҪǰˣôڽУֻ᲻ͬ
˾λıն˵ǽķ룬ȻҪΪӿǡͬʱҲΪԼǡ
Ǳ߷ȴǴĻûҵ˼ҲΪҲǮ֡ǽҵˣȻҪΪ¡ԣ¡Ҳȴ޸ģѾˡҵģҲ
Ȼᣬȴޱȼᶨ
¶Цüͷ΢΢̾һС㣬Ǻαأ仹СϽճһЩȻûʲôɾͣҲͨ͸Ժܶ飬ܿñ͸һ㡣Ժҽ˵Ļеġ
Ҷ£Ը˵ǿġ
˵ţÿĴ¶žɫӣĵ⣬עŽա
յϣ¶εĿЦҡҡͷһ۷С㣬⻰ұҪһ䡣˵£ҪԸ
˽һۣѵô
ȻǣЦ˵㿴ôż壬ҽҡڱĵط˵ڽǣҲһ˰ɣ
ĬĬͷֹǽǵĴ壿
ΪУԹְܶѵķȫʧˡ
Ҳˣˣ˽ڽһȻ˵һЩӵܣ뵽ĶС˵УԪӤڣ
Ȼֻһ˵Է˵ҼֱһԽĴɽ
Լļ峹ȻĻ޷׮ȫԸĻ¡
ս˵ɾǽңļ壬еЩӵܣǵճӵܡǵĻ£ҲȫԼ
΢΢һƺЩ˼顣
ܹ̾ԼţүֱӽýȢΪҷˣ
ȻȫϲΪһŮˣһԼ滹ǻݵġԣԽ仰ֳֻܱĬ
һ㣬ҲãǴٶҲáЩСһŮȫûκη֮ҪӼšһͶϵǼֱĶ͡ǲȻôһ˶ཻ̫ȴƫƫΪ治òһ𡣷С㣬˵ѡǻôѡΪ˽λδ̣Ҳǻȥˣֱø
⻰Ҳɴס˱ޱȵĳĬ
Ҳûмٶ˵ʲôΪףǳȻһʱģܻЩ𲻹ģܻԼͨġ
޸һûʲôϢСӺãǼ޸һŴĹӸãͬˣܻвͬѡ񣬵վԹߵĽǶȥʮ桭»а˸ǻѡߵġ
޸ӵδİ飬޸ϵСӡһаô
Ͼģֻа顣
еķʱһģȴȻᶨţˣǾģҲġ
⣬ҵЩһĵĳŽĴָ޴Ǹʵǿ󣬶죬Ҳܰĸ˵ɻġôǿŮƫҪ˵úǸ˶ԷһĻһҲ
յϣȴû̫֮ɫ뵱ڽ֮ǰҲһ緢Ѫ꣬ͬһ÷ˡ
ֻĹ£Ҫӱһ㡣Ǹˣû˼ǿԸųһӵˡ£ԽյĴ൱һ¿ޣԵɺϣңΪ˽һͨĻΪ£츳ֲõ˽ҼʶʹϣսΪ¡ڽߣһ졣
緢֮ҲʱյԼټǸ÷ˣԷʲôӦôˣŴص˼СǣҲǸŮӡ
ŮһսսԼǰŮӿ˵ĴҪΪɷ
һ̣֪ΪΣֱĿУûڶ෴ӿһŨŨʧ䣬һֻĸС
ҵ㸻ҲҶȥϧңֻһСӡ˼ֻѡ˸õ·д𣿡ʣҲͬѡ
ԣûΪǸǰСļˣûȥǸŮ˵ɷҲûڶ࿴Ůһۡ
ֻǵЦЦȥˡ
ʼգûлͷٿŮһۡ
ܸоŮһֱڿıӰ
֮洿ӵССӽˣŵģǸ߸ϵĽǽҹ¡
ܿ죬һɽȣϵĽͻȻ俴Զдеɽ壬üͷ΢΢


615 ҽ
󹫼ڳīֹ߶Ҫү˵ǾһطȻү㻤Сӣʲô񣿲żүʵ𣿸㣬үҪô磬үȻӵӦʵǴһܣ
ī󹫼߶Щһۣˣ㿴ĵΣǰ漸ʮ֮⣬һ·ֵط鷳ô
飬ÿ춼ڷ˭ᵱ£󹫼
Ҫеأīһ۴󹫼ȷеɵһ˲䣬ؼ䡭󣿡
󹫼ʱЩ޻˵ˣʱͻȻǰһɽϣһХ
£
һȣͬѳīʹ󹫼һ
ʲô󹫼ų򣬷ɵգŲǱ߿ȥ
˴ܣīЩȷĵ
ܺðүϲ֣󹫼ʱ˷ǽ磬ĵһأû뵽ֿ
īͷʱߣ˵ʲôģ˵棬Ҳͦġ磬Ҳһ֪⣬Ҫлᰵ˽һ£Ҳǲ
ǣīһԾվڴ󹫼ϣݣ
󹫼ʹһεӣҪѳī§ȥСӣǲ
ȿȡ󣬿󣡡īûгĽһ䡣
үΪ˿֣һʶ󹫼ƹһ䣬Ǳ߷ȥ
ʱ򣬳ӭ׶飬ɽе·ϱ
һͷӣڸնš
ͬʱһŮɽϳһƳױҲЩˡ
īʹ󹫼ܿ㵽֮ͬǰǱɽϣ¿ȥ
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ƨҪԪӤʿ϶ܵı˭죡īĽҴ
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617 ·
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618 ·
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619 Լ
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620 ֻô
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үùּװɵӣ󹫼һ̾ġʲôʱǸͷ
ʱһԴһֻô
󹫼ʱһŭתͷ


621 㲻ĳͻ
ۣ
ƹ棬һЩոպһھƵˣȫ̲סһ˳
ȻĿɿڴĿųīʹ󹫼ߡ
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ī̧ͷһˣü΢΢һǰλ쾳綼ǹϢҲǻƼŲľ
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622 ܼӪҵ
ҿǽһĴ壬ǵ˺ҵˣкùӳԣ
ӵкܴͷˣǿѹͷվ˰躹ޡ
Ⱥֵˣ˵Ǻҵ֮ȫ̲סī
Ϊǣ󣬶Ҳ൱ǿӲķҲܲ
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˶ܳԾǣʿǸˣȻûһ¡
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īɥƹ񣬵˵Ǹ鷳ˡ
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һʵֲˣһˣϵùôţ
īЦЦȡ鼫Ʒʯŵƹϰǰ⳥ʧ𣿡
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͵⳥ܵľˡī˵һ䣬ȻŴ󹫼߰ɡ
󹫼ȴһүûԷأ
ī΢΢һ漴žƹϰ壺ܼӪҵ𣿡


623 Ǻ
ƹЩˣȫĿɿڴĿһһ֪Ǹ˵ոߵ󣬻Ǹ˵֪īʹ󹫼ֵѾƹȺȫסˡ
ƹݵϰ忴һǰŵ鼫ƷʯʹһĭȻɵĻŭɵŸʲôϽȥλүϱõľƲˣ
ΪΪʳͳ鼫ƷʯƹϰҲˡ˵ҡҾٲҲǨŭƹͷɣ
һٷԵô󹫼ͳī⣬ò˵ʳģʮ㣬˽еЩʳģûȵġ
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ңǿüͷøˣĿ⣬һԵߡ


624 Ь
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ǿʱЩǿӲĵô³ԿģվǺңҵ˱ˣѵԲɣ
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Ͽһۺǿ𲻷ţͿŰɣ


625 
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626 ˵ķ
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С˵ãǸ˵ĻţǽϾþ꣬ҲľٶŪЩ£ţЦˣӣԼģԲŲ˵ǰɣɣûˣ˵ʲô˵ǡĪҪ˼ҾҽңаŮ޼ɵļ塣
Ǳһɽѹŵ棬һ˲䣬ɽ˲ʧȻһů⣬ķ
ûվֻ΢΢̧ͷˮϻ䣬Ȼʵҡ£
û˵ԼίҲûгû˵ʲôֻ˵һ仰
ʱ⴫һ
Ͽһ۷
һӰ߽ԹķӶֱߣģڽ϶˵˼仰Ȼ󡭡Ŀбӵȥˡ
ϵüЩĿŷϺȻ¶һ˿еֵЦݣе˼
˵ʲôֻܹǡ
СзϺȻʵ
šһ
һøҲûУ𣿡ʵ
ҡ
㲻£Ѿ˵ˣҲ֡ʲô㵫˵޷ϵøӺͰһЩ
Ѿˡ֪ΪΣ֮ǰһֱ֧ǹǿڴʱ˿̣ȴ÷ż顣Ϊı֣ʵ̫ʧˣ
ǸصĴӢۣʱΪȥֻϣԼϲˣܹһЩ⣬Ҫʲô飬ڲ֮ǰͶ¼ɡ
Ͷɣ÷ĸԭ
Ǹôţ֪ˡϵĻһ䡣
⻰ѾЩģͻȻЩżĵҪ˺
ͻȻ䷢һ̾ϢҲмįҲ֪ԭңЩ˵ĿУѾ˵øлء
ʱɵˣĹ֪ԼӦ˵ʲô
㲻ϲǡͲǣ˼һᣬȻԷ˵ɣȻΪԭ㵽˽ǣһΣסɡǱߣͷһѵҹ̲ܽϣЩίˡǸȮӣǸ
ҡҡãõġһ£ǳ״סˡɵɵ̧ͷĽҼЩ֪롣
ӦõġϿһ۷ΪǸ⣬һͷ˸׼һĲϣȻ󡭡ˡнҸ㻤û˸㣡
һ£״죬һƬհףֻʣĸ֡ϣ


627 
öʲôҵˣ£һܵͷίˣҲһõϿһ۷˵ȥϢһ°ɣʲô£û˸Ҷ㡣
һֱŮѷȥλò˵ϣȻдһġ¡֡
͸㲻鵽ݱ䵽ֵزġ
ƺͷβʲôû˵ֺ˵˵ʲô벻ľ仰Ҳȡ˰Ļǲ١˼ҵ棬˵ϲ˼ҵĶӡ˼Ҫ˺ԼˡλҵļȻ֪ʲô裬ԼˡԼһĲϣ
ĲϰǼ
һֱڽҵĿͷ棬ԼȴãҲûͨΪʲô
ڷߺ󣬽ϵɫָֻ֮ɫ
ܿ죬Ž
Ȼû˵ֱӹڽǰҴˣ´Ҳˣ
ûʲôͷľһٳˣֱ´ʲô飬ǰ˸ңٸҸ·ԩϷ룬ƨɸã
ƨˣ棬ȴ̵ġ˭ʸ񱻼ôʹһٵġ㣬˵û㵱ˣ
ң𿴽ϻһϻƵʹܹоû
ڣԽ˵ʣµһ£ǽˡһΣҲͷûֺã֪ٻôءϾľٶе˽
ȴûп˵Ǳүȥ˸ˡ˸յĽգĶʱԽаԷģԼԺһҪĹĸڽߡ飬һΡҲ͹ˣٲڶˡ
е˿̣һҲޱȵġ
֮ǰͱеֻƫ
ӷ׵ĶԻձʹȫڶУȻЩԹն£棬ģǽš
ǿŮЦˣ
ǽӵܲ٣飬ҲǲȥġȻѷḶ́ףҲû𣬵ôһ߲
Ҫĸ޼ɵǿˣôѾΪһţӽҲֱӰȴϡȻȦⱲӶгͷ֮ա
ŴӵܵҪڱҿû⡣ڽȴǲУ
ձ֮󣬽ͱнˡȻ֮ǰǸڽ϶˵ˣҲн
Ͽһۣ˵ѸոյõϢϸ˵һΡ
Ҳûκԥֱ˵īʮңΪһֻ蹫ڽʱңǡǸŹ½յĳӣһģҲΪչ͡
ͷˮҲԼӴ޵ķʸԾͷɻ󣬵ȥ
ʱīֻ蹫ڽǵϰ˾ƹݳԾƣڼϺҼֶӺơͼȾָֻ޹ڱܾ֮󣬴Ҫǿɳߵ棬ʿֹ쾳ĳīܣˡ
⣬۾ʱɴ¶ŵɫһߣôһڵʿģңȻˣ
һ棬ҶǸȦӡҵĺ磬Ȼϵãȴ治һȥЩɣҲۡ
ߵǸȴ֪ġʣԼϣδֵʲôôӲǱһ߸ˡô
ʱҳϺԴźȥī齵鸣ջǸ˽̸յʱ䣬ء˻㱨ȻŽϱȭʩ񣺡ûˡ
ϰ˰֣ĺܺãȥɣ
˵ϣ¶ϲɫһĵȥˡ
ˣǿ鱨ֱ͹Գô̵ʱ䣬Ͳô飬̣֪
ϿվĽʵʲô룿
ʱ˵Ǹīһˣ
ôһ㣿ƺ⿼У
ү˿̣Ҳȫ֮ǰһ
£蹷һ˭ҧ˭ϵ£ˣǴͲϳκεĿ¸ǼҶϣҲֲҧһͲĵɡξȻܶһˣ˿ȻǸ˲򵥡ţֽ˵ֻΪһĶ֣һȺȥܰ¡ԣܹҵģΪݡ
Ͽ񣬽ЦЦȻ˵Ҷ㣡Ǹʲô䣬ʲôҶϵ£ҲҵĶŮˣ
ʱЩɵۣĿЦĸף˵


628 ı
˼Ҷ˵ǽңһȺǡͻȻת˻⣬һЦҽϣǽҵͷǡƺǲҵǵȥУʵͦϲġ
ĿԼĸףȻǸӣʵٸ̸ġĽһʲôʱˡ
ǣܱȹǿǷ蹷ϵϣ¶һĨмЦƾȺ蹷Ҳӣ棡
״סûˣ˸ɴֱӵʱ򡭡̫ˣСƺδй
ЦеĿŽôþˣҲһҲһɵɵϲһֻϧҵûôȻĻѽٺ١
ȻЦɫУȴ͸һ˿ĸˡ
֪ΪΣУͻȻһɾ޴ůЩģҲЩʣˣԲ𣬺Ĩˣ
վߵǰģ˵˭ûأģӣҲ˳ۣϱҵĶϱͷȥ˼ĵǸȻʲôʱܰĳߡʲôʱŸȥ
ͨ
ֱӹ
ŽͷҵĶӰ㣬ܰ˭ȥЩ㣬Ͳ˵ˣļ硭ҲܶһˣԵ۵ģСӣ
Žļ򣬰ȻһָԱߵӣɡ
վţôţϵˮҲûȥĨС˵
ϵ˽һۣڵȥȻ˵£ûǸīĳ֣Ҳһ󱧵˹飡ֻһֶΰˡ
ǣڷȥƺЩĪ˷ܵĸף̲סʵǿеҪȢһŮˡľһ㲻
ʱ㻹̽ӣбһ۶ӣ˵ʲôʱĸǣҪԷͬģ
ǳ鴤ţĵҵĵѽҵһ˼˵ۼǣվ˰
ֻҪǿͷǣȻӵиȺĸǽȨϵ˵ţһ۽ˡʵҲһ
һ𣿡ʵ
ղŵ֮ĶԻˣʵ
ˡͷ
ǣǲЩ֣ΪʲôҪĲϣʡ
ͷһʼЩ֣еˣҪмǼңȻǼҵĿڱ飬ңң˾޴Ĳ
뵽ô࣬ѾˡĿһԼĶӣȻصλ£˵ǸܴϻۣƷУܺãȻССȴԴһɸ߹ʡĹҽңǽңǣ֪е£ûѡָҵ޴ȴ˽ǸﻹŴеļһ
ͷЩεĵɲǣ㱻ˡ
ˣߵĸԶϵһԼĶӣǰ˽һ٣ʵҵ棬ˣ
ǵǣҲûôȻĻĿɴˡóϷ˵
֪ͺãǽ˵Ͻ̸˺ܸߣԼЩ⣬ΪǸӦǵģǸˣǿ󣬶ҺһЩֶΡúͷߵͷݾ͹˵ġȻǣкֶܶΣ֪İɵ
ҡҡͷЩ뷨׵˵˽գõ˼ҵĻᣬҲԵںԩȻ֮ʶԼĴְԼСŮӴһ棬ӵ쾡¡һޥģԼƣΪԼȡŮӣʮټ
˵ţһ۽ͬʱֺѾϲǸˣΪҼӺҲˣҲҪΪ顣һ壬ִϻ۾׵ŮӣȢؼңҽʧҽҶϱҲ÷ҪȢǸŴ󻧵С㡣ʱһֶΣȴûиʺϵ˳ʱŻôڣѾˣ壬Ϊ˼ǿʵһöϱͬЩ
ЦеģؼҶӻϲ
˵ѾϲǸˣ϶ʱ¶˷֮ɫ
û˷ܣΪˣô˽ۣΪһˣĥӲݣǲκλᣡ󣬱Ƽˣų²ߡ
ǺǣǸˣѾİɣò˼죬ܿ뿴һн


629 
ζĵ⼸죬͸ŷǽúùǣסˣǹڸգҪ˼ȵǸȻҪѾϲǸˣҪ㻹ܵõģҲֻ˵
ģ֤ϱȢؼңһ˷ܵĴ˸׵Ļ
ʲôƨǸԼȢģϳĿһ۽ɡ
ʱĻϲ˳ȥ
ðϵϣҲ¶ĵЦݡ˰죬ͻȻ˵һ磬׼Ҫȥһλӡ
Уһ

ڶһ硣
һӺʻʮֵ͵ĳ鸣ջʻȥ
û˻뵽һ۵棬ȻŽĴ֮һϣ
ͬʱ⡣
磬ˣǲɴؼҵϢˣΪʲôҪǰ⼸ʮĵطЩεĿͨĸ磬̾ϢţѾһ鷳ˡ˵ڽزģɲǷ򰡡
˫Ŀ죬Ҳ˵ੲݵĵܵܡ
ǶŷɣһɫģһߣȰˡ
ҲҶȰɾƾǼȥܸʲôһεĵͬ䳡滰û˵ˣҵܵġⲻǳ־Լ磬ʵ
ͬȫûеǽңǾñǸƭˡŷɿЦ֮ǰȻ֪Ǽģȴû뵽Ȼ̶ֳȡҪ֪ҿ϶ȥϵͬ
Ҳ֪¶㣿һֱųĬ䣬ͻȻݺݵһ۶ŷɣƵغ⣬ǸʲôƨɵӣҸôܻᳳܣ
㡭ŷǳ鴤ţЩŵĿ䡣֮ǰΪͬͻȻ䱬һ٣ŷһֱЩⲻȥ
Ȼʱһֱû£Сһ𳤴Ķŷɣ£Ѿγһˡôγɸ񣬴ұϾʮĽ飬ŷȫûϵƵͷȥ
һҲЩɵۣæŶŷɵĸ첲Ȱɸ磬˵ǶֵܣҸһʶҲŭģƼˣſ˭֪һģǧȥ
죡ìͷֳԼ׵ܵȥˣ˫Ŀͨĵ˵ĲҪǶŷǸƨǵĴɵӣôݱѾ˵ˣа취ģа취ģ
ǳ鴤ţĿĿԼ˷Ƶĸ磬һӻȫ˻ȥһ䶼˵ˡ
ŷԼ첲֣ȻɫƽĿ䣺С磬ãⶼҵĴ
ѵ𣿡ŭ𣬶ͷһ
˵ǾˡŷɲȻһЦҡҡͷ̾˿һɫεĵСģŸ绹£Ͳǽˡ
Ÿ㡭һΡ
ߣŭģʲôһģ۸ңΪʵ𣿲Ϊҳһ죬ӻ˹Ŀ࿴
ŷɸҵĳŽ෴ķȥ
ʱȺС飬ڷһгһգܹȥǺúù䡣һĴУʲôӵġŷζû뵽Լгһգһַʽ޽ӽǣѾԶԶģƻֺĴǡȴûлȥ
ǵģѾȫûа취ټһˡ
Ѿˣ
Ǳ˱Ʒô
ŷ氵ҡͷ˵Ƿٴһ㣬ʹ˸֣ȷѡɣ
ڸոգ޷˵ĸԼֵܣҪǣ㲻ʲô٣Ҳܵһʱ֪ϢţƽӽҳһҪһ۵³عںá
Ϊ֪˺ܶɣۼСʲô飬Ը˵ĵطȥ롣·ڽʲôίûܣҲǿĻܶຢͯ˵ĳ
ΪСѣŷɺ˽һʲôˡ
ڡǺǡ
Щ飬Ѿûκˣ
ŷɣûκζԲֵܵĵطȴô˵ⲻǾҲʲô뷨ôҲ˵Ļɣ
ˡˣ
ӽң͵ͨѣңֺαѰգ
ŶŷɵӰԶȥĵȦЩˡ
ʱ俴ҪҲҹ


630 ķ
Щ˼ĿԼĸ磬ãŵȥ
ļ£ҵĵܵܣߣؼʱ̣˭УԼֵܲſס
пЦȴʲôû˵뵽ͷһжȥҸᣬøŸǸɣеѡǣĸסĵ棬ȴӿһɲԤУܹô
ôˣʱʱģȻûйҲǰ׳գܹоʱģѾܽӽĻ䡣
Ҳ֪ô˵ײƽԼҪǸ˵Щֻᷢɣ
ֻŸ磬һǴСгһܹĽȥ

鸣ջ
ī򿪷ţЩĿǰ֮ͣе㲻ţ˾Ȼǽǽҵļ
͵͵òһˡ
ڣ
磬Ǵʿˣ
һȻһģʹźԼ
ʲô
ӣĳ˳Ϣ¡ЦеģʮֳϿҵĳųīһȭ
ī΢΢һ£ȻæЦ̫ˣ

ңõĿͷ⡣
żֱֱվڿͷſڡ
СĶԷ˵㣬Ǹһǽú˧ڸͦгѾվ˺üʱ˰ɣҿͷϣ¶ˮһվˡոŻһ
һԼãʲô˧˧ģӣ
㡭˼Ѿ˺˼ǽҵĵճݣôϲ㡣˵
㡭С责ǲǽҵݻλۺģһϵĹǵݣ𣿡Ŀŷ贡
㣬𣿡贼ɫЩˣʱչҡŷĸ첲ҵȻûҲûôݻⷿãʵҲô̻Ի
㶮ʲôԼһۡ
ɫֵ㣬ʵѾˣѾǳˣܳǵԤϣôԸǸңһĲϣֵѾýǮˣִӦ㣬ֻҪ㲻Ը⣬˭ҲΪ㡣ҵүԱž㷿ſ㣬ҾãҲӦ˰ɣ
贲رʵŮȻЩ嶯ѪȴҲǸԵˡֽζû뵽Ҳȥġ
û뵽Ȼʵ
ԣڷ贿Ȼǣһ˼վǽģҲ·
Ȼ֮ǰѹȽܿɶ񣬵˵ףҲûʲôʧջϡʲôأ
Լã̲סһ̾ȷǳޥġǳױϵƸסˣ˼Щɥʧص侲Ͱѽϵ˼˸˾ŷ֡
˼ʵ£޸ӽ
ʱķʵѾˡΪ˼Ҳõıҳ⡭˵ﻰҲ㹻ˣ
ԼȻԾòȱģִƯŮԷƱԼҲûԼ㵽һλӵĵز
˵ף˼һԼĶӣ
¸ĸİ
ԣʵ棬ͲˡҲû취
˼ѾλˣҲˣңȨϡĽӴҲţǸõˣȻ˵˲ΪԼǾĲΪѡ
ԣһ֮˼Ҳ;Щźȴɧʲô鷳
пܣԺԼнһֵıӻùһЩ
뷨Ȼе˽ģҲ֮顣˭ԼӹĸһЩ˭ԼһǿӲĺ̨ͱ
ؼĹؼǸ˵̬ȣ
ûǸ˾䣡
ȶŷɻҪ˽ǸˣرԼΣĴӽ߳ȥص϶ҲɹĻԼ
һ̲סԼ׸ʲôܲȫ߳ңõĲϣ
⣬ǷΣҲĵ顣ЩȥԼ֮ĳ
ЩȻǲģ
ԣѹ
Լ÷£ΪʲôͲһΣѵǵҪڻǰԼԼ׵ģ
ĻˣԼʲô֮Ļ֣
УޱȾᡣ
̧ͷһ۴ͷվŵǸϰžӢӣˡ


631 ܾ
ᣬǶиоʵϣλҵүȻûʲôøСǸ׷ƤһԼ棬Ȼ׷󲻳ɣ־ȻͨƻַʽǿҪȢԼ
ˡֱˣ
ľԼҲֵز˵Ǹ£ȫֵͷϣվ
ԣ棬ԽҲǷòС
һڵʿŪϣվԼķſڣʲô飿
㣬ȥȥߣҲ뿴Լ˵
һµı飺Լôȥ
Ҳ˵üԼãǲҵãȻһĿŷ贡
贶ʱһΣС󣬶ǽչĹذֱ΢ȵﶼ
ðɣȥ˵贾죬һԸƿţŽι߰ɣҽ㲻㡣
̧ͷһ۷责֪ʱ˿̣϶ڷ￴Լŷ费ֵС责˵һ֪Ǹ
ҽ㲻ĵǸء˵Ҫ㣬ҽô糳ܣƻ˵ĸ飬УҪС责Ҹûô죡
ʱɬĵԲ𣬶Բ𣬷С㣬ҵĴҲôҵѾѵˡҪǲԭҵĻҵҪҵȡСкãҴ£˵ţҾ
ˡǸСӣļֳ棬޴
ʱ򣬷ٴαƿһ߳ĿŽҲϷǽҵү˭ôԣ߰ɡҸãͻ뿪Ҳϣܹ˵㻰Ҫɧң
ϣ¶һ˿εĿЦŷѵһᶼܸ𣿡
Žҡҡͷ
ðɡһĨȻ֮ɫżЩĸʩһ񣺡ٴθǸԸɵűʾǸ⡣
˵꣬Ҳûȷ˵ת뿪߱ߵһˣǳңȻ󡭡ҵˣǣٸʲô鷳Ҫϣҿ԰ﵽ㡣Ҳᣬ͵ҶĲˡ㲻ԸңҾͲǰ
УŨŨʧ䣬ʼգûлͷĽôס֡ĵȴͬԼϡ
֮ǰΪ̫ϲһʱͿ˴¡ⲻ֪˶Է޸о֮󣬻ܼôȥ
ˡ
߷ҽöˣ໥һۡ
СĿޱĽ㣬˵㣿
ǸӵĹâޱĵ߰ɣ
ʱ򣬴߽ģˣŮʩһ˵С㣬ҼүС׼õϣ˵ţһöĽָݹ
ָ
ϣ
贵۾Щֱ鲻Խڿˮ֡Ǽֵǵıﰡ
ָȻǶôϡĶȴҲʲô˶ӵеġ٣贾ʹûۼָģҲûһӵֶ
ϡǲǽĶô
ϣܳɹΪʿϣӹҲûڵʿһɹôΪĽ
ʱĳ˴ˡ
ΪӣҲ룡
˽Щ˵һ죻ͬǧ˵Ҳͬζ̤֮·
лɾͽ𵤡Щȥǻһ
ڵʿЩУҲͬӵмߵݵλˡ
벻˵½ջǾܾ˽ĵǸȻЩ
̲ס㣬пӦӦǽһĻᣡ
ЩҲܽܡէһöָһ˲䣬ͬһĨ貵ĹâС᲻״ָϵļֵôȷ贸
ΪŸӲܽܡ
ܾ贶ʱеȸԾ˲䱻ʧȡЩŵĿԼĽ㡣
λˣƺѾϵ˷ķӦһͷү뷽С㲻ҪΪЩˡ⡭үѾ÷Сκѹ££ؿƿ˷СͶС֮⣬κ֪
䣬Ȼҡͷ޹»֮ǰ飬ûκغûܽҵĶԣ뿪ɡ
˵ţһߵķ责ߣ
̾˿Ҳ˵ʲôгźĸڽߣ߳
ЩˣȻȰ˼䣬ȴѾܽҵĶߵſ֮ЩȻ֮ɫȴû׷
һֱ˽ҵĴţһ


632 Ĵ
㡭ǡˣ贴ʱԼԴεģƺеûܳѹо֮ǰľ·һһǳʵ
һǰɡ֣õͷ˵ǺһνǣȥˣҲͦźġȥ֣ȥ
ţõġվ׽ãҲף㲻ҪЩǼԼԭ棬ġҪЩȥ֮󣬿ָôء
ֻջ󣬲ʲô˶ܾܾġΪ˰飬ڷֿɵõһһĻᣡ
ϣ磬ܹһİɡЩǳšŮƺһҹ֮䣬Ҳɳ˺ܶࡣ
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ĻǣˣҲҾлᰡ
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633 ΨһĻ
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ûʲôԸǴġõ֣µԶԶֵ
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磬õȻô˵𣿡ĿǰɫϾһԲĸ磬еš
ڷʱȻ˵ǽҵǸۼʶȫ¡һ̯֪ͨңɼڽеĵλжߡ
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ʱͣ½ŲһԼã㻹̫ˣҾãȥµġ
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룺ʱܼ˵ھͿʼô
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ô롣̾˿ãҸͲøҵߣʱӦɱ֤ԼסֻҪҸŽҵˣʲôԭǱѡ
⡭ⲻ𣿡ĿɿڴĿԼĽ㣺ȻһʼҲף㶼Ѿ͹ҪҵļΪԼָ㵱ʱҵߣҲǲۼеˡ
˭ġĿһԼãȻ˵߰ɣһ֪ˡ
˵ţתǰȥϸýô࣬ó嶯֮£סֵܡĻû취֤һЩˡ
ǷִţҲһλᣡ


634 
Ҵˣô磬һһĸߣΪŮТţһµĺӣСƢҶ̵ãûȦ΢죬΢΢ͷ૵ϣǴġ
ķ责ܹԵĸоֶ΢΢
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ܿ죬ǰֵܣ˽ҵĴſڣǸߴ¥ϣۻĴ֡𸮡
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Ĵ˿ޱȵĽţо˵ĴԶһƬհףĸ磬Ͷء
ſڵ΢΢һЩɻĿ䣬üҼүкܶ࣬λү
٣˿ȥʮ㡣
ҵ΢΢ԥһ£ǵͷԵȣȥͨһ˵ţתСŽԺ
ԶڽķͷˣһĻЩС㣬һˣ㿴ڡ
죡ݺݵһԼá
贶ʱ͡
ǱߵģЩɻĻͷһۣոһ˲䣬˷贵ţľͿЦһ£ĵСڣ¾档ô棿һ̫ţֻˡ
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վͺֵܣüͷ΢΢һ壬ʵǣ
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ΪѾЩˣΪʲôǣȴû
䡭ԭȽ㣬ģ


635 ҲӦ
ʱ򣬲֪ǰʲôġЩţüͷһ䣺⻰
ʵ˫Ŀ죬ɫЩŤĵҿģܲܵõ顣ҪҲ
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һϣһƷʯǺǣ㻹ҪЦãһô
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һ䣬ҡҡͷҲӦ


636 ޳ܵ
㡭ô᲻Ӧ㲻ǺϲΪʲôӦڼˣѽԼϡ顢顢顭ȫˣԷȻӦ
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θ飬ͷˡ
ʼգľվһԣûһ¡ƽʱ۸磬ǾȥҪҲ֡
ڣһţһʹȴֻߵúã
ڷķϣҽ첻㣬䣬˵ˣ˵һΣָ䣺ãѾ뿪˽𸮣ңҲˣڳſڣǳ֮󣬻ᰵлƽصϣӽԺ󣬾ҽôϲҲȥΪϲ˵ҹʲôôûУҵĶҲܵǵģҿ޳ܵĶ
ʱĺȻ߹Žʩһ񣺡үԲҸǸǰҾãӵܣȫŰ裬һȫǺöСûʲôʶһֱôġ죬ҷҴˡƷƶ޹أûйϵǸػ̹еˡģһУһȥ֮һ˵
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䣬ҵ׸磬һĸͬҲ㡣ĺܻ쵰ĻͷԼĸ磬ŭխ˽ɣҶͣΪԸ޹ƷСԣŷɸ緭Ƹŷɸ磬̣ҵ׸磡»ȥҸŷɸͷϴҲϣΪֱһ飡ٿΪϲ㣬һʶҾŷ棡
㡭ҵܵܣôôһŵĿԼĵܵܣǵһʶ
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˵Ѿ˻Ъ˹
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˵ţİڰ֣һתҪظ
ȵȡ˻٣Ͳ£һȥ֮󣬺ݺݵĥͲҲ
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ɼһǳ׵Ķŭ˿û֣ǳҪȥġ
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ΪȻɷɣһѪ
ȴȫûԼƣһ˫۵ɵϴ󣬴ĿǱߣȻһϲ㡭㲻ôô


637 Ҫ
ҲɵǵϤٻӰ΢΢ſ˵ţͻعٺЦǺǡҾ֪Ҿ֪һģǽٰźõǰɣǸøκδۣұ¶˳ªȻ󻹿Եõ˷ġӵܾǴСġ
˵ţ٣ϲ㰡ؿԱ˹ˡ
ұ죡䡭㻹𣿡贷Ž㣬ŭҸ㣬һ뿪ң˵һΣֽ鷳ڿһҪҹһǡȺоͿСĸ磬Ҫסǣ˵뿴Ҫʲô
ȻСԵɵиֵܵΣԼͷϣܵκεҲΪġ
Ŀ䣺ǳԿǿаסҾ뿴ʲôġҽȥΪǣҲԳ棡ΪѾ֪һļ壬Ȼǿƣȴˣû뵽㾹Ȼҽġ䣬ֱһ޳Ҹҽ㣬ǰ󣬿ˣҿǷֵ磡
ɫ԰׵ķ˵ʲôȴ贽ס˵ˡȫֵиһİ࣡ҴСô㣬㵱δĽ򡣻ңովסүӦô㣡
˿̣׵ɵۣվǣȻ÷·ȫ磬һζû뵽ҽͿˣһ·ǻص˴ġ
Լ˵ЩͻȻ˫ϥһڷǰĵ㣬ҽͣҡ˵Щİ

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ģ

ȫĿɿڴĿ䣬ڵϣŷȥ
ϲҵģ԰ɣǴСһ𳤴󣬺ССʱ˵ԺҪҵţҪΪһĸҪТ˳ҵǲǣ˵ģ㶼ǵðɣһһʹ˵Ҵˣ֪ˣһòãһΡ´Ρ
û´ˡµϣûһ˿ѪɫϵѸɣĿ䣺Զ´ˣ
Ҵˣһᣡһɣŷ
ͻȻ̧ͷվڽſڵĽ⻹һνн֡
ڣءŬԼƽһֳ֮Σĸо
һ𣿡Ŀһ۽˵
˵һټǧû⣡ʹش
֮ȻҪûκθϵҲӦô˵һ˫ƯӣŽ۾
Ӧ϶ӦûκԥʮָɴشϲС㣬ҲκֶȥҪЮ㣬֮ǰһΣҵĴ˾Ǵˣϡӽ󣬳ĿʼϲңȻҾȥɧ㣬ʲôҪЮ㡣
˵ģĻʵ
ȻĿŷҵļϷģ˵ģĻ
ԣء
һϣɲġ
ĸʳԵĻҽɨءʱ򣬾ǽҼҲˣҲ
һĨ͡Եķ责ǳ׵ĶˡȻһŮ̫Ůĸ顣һˣΪֵزһᰮǸˣ
ãˡ˵ǣһĲϸ˵ţһָ䡣
վǣ¶ŵɫ
΢΢һüƺеɣǵͷ˵ȥⷿȡһϣ˵Ҫģ
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俴ŷȻӽнӹǼڼϣ˵ýٱ֤ܰɱҡ
һƲƲ죬ЦΪ˶һϽǣԶһ㡣ȻĻ㱳һĲϣ˽ɱ㵽ǽͷ
ܲܡٸҵʯ֮ҡһҪ˵


638 ̸
Ѿˣɴһˡ
ҹȻھɱ㣡ٺõĺҲ޳ҪĸоΪ˷ԲŹ޳ܵĶ
һ£Ĳϣˣͷβûлͷһۡ
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뿪϶طˣΪҲûôȥ
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˵ţ̲ס棬ޱȵġڶףΪʲô׸磬Ťӡ
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ǱߵĽҲ¶֮ɫû뵽ԼеĵܾܵȻվԼһߡ
Ȼ˵Щвɸ̾ϵϺꡭޣ׵ľıԼḻ̫
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ţԼౣأ˵
ʲôһؼңЦ
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˵ʲôķٵ˵͵ҽҽģʲôʱΪʿȥѰЩϣȻ󻹻
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ȻôҪϣ취ȫˡ͵һ
㣬°ɡһ˵һ䡣
Ҳǳӵһ˵Ȼǽٵһ⣬ºˡ˵ԺԻġ
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УһΪ̹ȻЦЦȻ˽յѰ
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ܿ죬ճ֣һӣ˳ȻԼү΢Цͷȥ

鸣ջſڣīһЦİѽ͵ջĴſڡ
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˿ͷīһŰݷãī΢Ц˵
˵׼ˣͷˣ֮󣬵ʱһ磬Ⱥٴݹ٣һЦ˵ţȻųīһȭ͵ʻ롣
ߺ󣬳īɨһܣܹԸоһЩӰԼĿ⣬תǸɴ
īǣ¶һ˿ЦݣתҲ˿ջ


639 թ
ҡ
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ǵļǿúǽϡûע⵽ʲôʱȥģʱӦò̡̫ңӰͳʱԸо˽ĺ죬̸ҵ˻ص
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ΪһҵļĹȻƽ˽ǡϵǴżͲòеˡ
żѾһЩһ֣Ǽֵǡ滹иֵǮıǹϵһĲƸܹõеľôһٳԽҺһңΪǵĵһ壬Ҳʲô롣
һǸ쾳ˣĳһɣѾҴʲôЭĻҺܿˮȲ
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ˣһԲ֮ҹ󣬵ʱǾһЩ˳ǡǿգǾ֮ǰһҲȥǸͻȻڽǵˡ

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ôģ󹫼ųīôãСƺǡе㲻أ
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󹫼˼
ī˵ȻǶҵɴˣúһᣬܶԵأ
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640 ½
俸żĲϣսսڽУ˼˾֮
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Ѿĵ䣬¶˷֮ɫҧŰɣһ졭һѽܵ裬ʮٱĻǣллϡһúȻ󡭡㱨ģ

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īҲһ˲䣬ת۱ع½ͬһȭ½Сˡ
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Ҫ֪СС޵ģǡС㡱֣
ƽ֪½ģǳΪӵġ


641 ȥ
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642 ζ
ʱ½̧ͷ½ȷ˿ǣ
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˵Ȼе㲻Ըϣò˵ǣһУˡһûУϱһҲ˱ᡣ䣬һĽɣǾǣܰŮӡ
īһ۽ȻӣһڲˣµķŽ
ǱһֱųīĽϣһĨ⡣а½Ǹ޷ļСӣһΡĿˣ˵óԸбҪȥһȻĻΪҽҵ˼
ųī˵ǳŶʮ꣬һʵѾﵽ۷壬ܶ˶ԣʮ֮ǰӦܹ̤ڣ˵
īһЦû˵ּһڲˣزɣζ


643 
ʮ۷ʲôʮķڳīֹһ
ԣҪһʮ۷壬סīһЦ
ҸӣǱȻܴӳīľֹУܵīַĵĲںɲǿαװװġ
ԣЩĿɿڴĿųīǳ鴤˰죬ȻſЦǲزĵضԣûôףϲԣͶԵ㡣
ϵУһĨʣȻЦŵ½ǸСѾͷ콫ԼһӸģǸүǣʵȴԣӻСĵãϾǧ֮
īЩνЦЦ
ЦɣӣסҽҺˡݣһֱסڿջҲ㡣֮ǰҲˣе죬ɸˣȥһ½Ѿͷ
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Ϊ½ҵĺܶӵܣĴУЩݵλߡ
ƽҺ½֮ǰǾˮˮ߸·
Ϊ˳ī׾ȻҪȥ½ǸСѾͷǡ¶һ£
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653 
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ʧܣе
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662 δ
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֮ǰûбǷеĽ壬񵹳ҳǸ˵Ĺؼ
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663 Ѫ
⋠һ૵ǰһҪûϵǿɾˡǵ壬Ҳһ̶ûеġ
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ȴ˸ŸӵĹâôеΣѪħ¹˭
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664 ɫ
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Ҫһֻй̤е·
˵еǾ͸˵ˣмص׺ͿڿഫĴ˵Уû˳ɹ
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˵ţֿ˽öӣԲ𡭡ȥˣ߷˵ҺҵĶϱ
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΢΢۾ҾˣǶȳȥɡ
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665 ɽͼ
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684 ô
Ǽķ棬ġҲʼһѺۣȻѺ۷ǳϸ΢ȴѡ
ȥŲ˶á
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УȷвԪӤ棬Ϊη٣ٳٲһ
ΪɹĻȻԴϲʧܡǾٲ
ԣЩԪӤ棬һ磬ֱҪԪľŻȫһȥ٣ͼһΡ
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ʱٵСֹһᣬĽƣʼɢȥһЩǵĽףڳīϣԳīѾ첻κεӰ졣
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֪½Աīġ֪ŪЩЦĿųī֮ǰöô졭ҿ㻹Զĸƣôķա
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ֲֿٶȣһԴӵʿԴһ㣬Щӵܣûʲôࣻһ棬ȴǳīĻۡ
̤ʿ֮֮ǰôĻۣһӱе澳֮Ŀֲӳɣʹóīٶȣκ콾ա
īҪȥʲôطɹν֮ʱ֮ǰնɱѪħ̵µ鷳ˡ
ģһԪӤ档
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ԪӤķŭһܳܵġ
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ˣѪħе壬ŰٱˣҲǵīЮ֮׻ɱﺣʦ
ٱڷͽܻϨ֮˶ˣҪҳԼͽ֣ҪʬΡٲ


687 ٱ
ԪӤʿֶɲ⡣ī֪ԷԼģڸŰ֮ңֱ˶ϲĸоڳīͷ
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ī뿪ǣһֱŽǶķٷȥܿ㾭֮ǰżλãīû˿ͣ򶫸ٷȥ
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̤ĵطȻʿݵأںϷСҪУ̽ѰܣȴȻ൱ѡ
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Ϊеĳī˵κεطԳΪԶԷ˵ֻȴ൱սġ
һ㣬ֵط˼ԼôʩչĹᱻ˿
ԪӤ棬ٶʵ̫ˡ˫֮ԭŰĲ࣬īֱӴӽ룬ֽһ㡣ɶԷܿͷӣʱּӿٶȡ
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ⲻܡ㡭㲻ˣٱϵıޱȾʣĸ˹һ
һ˵ôǿᵽ̶ֳȣ
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694 ٱ
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˵ţī߱죬ٴγŰٱ˳
ٱ˴ʱҲˣ׺ۣŭţԪӤʿѹһ𵤵С
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695 
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696 С˷
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īվԶĿţаүѪħ棿ȻΪӣֻһŵӡҲʵЩϰ
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ʱ򣬽һüͷ˵Ѫħ̵ˣǵҲЩ̫˰ɣļʦʦǽһϵûС෴ҽҲµܺߣ
˵ЩûõģϽѷ䲻ͷüͷ˵ʵ˵ɣɲҪģһڹȥǣûϣûڰ²òͷڶѾˣĺܣѪħ̵ҪˣѪħ̵ô֪Ҳ֪˵ԺҼǶùĸ˼Ҵк˼ϾҪΪˣ
һɻĿ䣬ȻȲӵո˵ⷬʱȷûп١Ѫħ̵桭ҪҷʲôΪӵɣȥ
ʱߵЩˣЩͷ
һĵ˵ʦܣǷϻ˺𣿸ϽѶߣ˴ߣǱ߻ڵأ
ͷŽѾ˵ĹˣѡԼоʹ򣡡
仰˵ޱȰ


697 ͬ
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һ䣬߳Ůӣϵİʱʧȡ֮ģһĵЦݣ㣬
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ֱǿȵٴͳһϣԼǷҵĺͽģʵ̫ࡣ
ص֮󣬵һʱͽҪøǿȻ뷽跨ϸϣ
ΪǷű˵ĸоʵ̫ܡ
˵Ƿ飬Ҳֻδȥˡ
£Ѿһ䣬˭룬ص򲻾ͣǵ壬ޱ䡣
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ʱ򣬽ٴ򣬶Է˵䣬һ겻˼Ҫϵˡ
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ЦȻ뵽ʲôϵЦݣ˵Ѫħ̵һŵӡǵ棬ԵҪѪħ̣һһĻᣡһûйϲء
Ѫħ棿ҪҽѪħ̣üͷʵϣһη飬Ѫħʲôֻ֪־ⲻһõط
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Цһָһһ⣬޷ٶȣüġ
ۣ
ߵüֱӱ
ſڣʱһƬȻ
ʱŭˣ˶ˣȥߣĽ֣ȴòӦ
ֻһ棬ٶȿ㣬Ȼţ˵ţͬʱͷųΪ
ͬʱȺлĸˣҲһͬͷųơ
һʱ䣬վڽſڵЩˣȫȲֱɽѹŵĸо
վһ㡣
ʱȴֱס˽һֻ֣ģԲ𣡽ǣͬ


698 ҹ
⻰ɫ˲ѿ˼¡
ȻУԷѾû룬ϾҲŮ˰
΢΢һ漴¶ϲ֮ɫߺķ˵ľ˲
һʺ޵䣬˵ǡ𣿡
֪ӶʱҪԽ֡
Ķ濴õ˵֣
ʱԶһʵǼʦʦ㣬ҵɱģ˭ұ鷳ģҪĶϽȥСȥǵǸ棬£½ģκ޹ءҰѻ⣬Ҫ𣬾ҡҪ֪ǻǣˣǱԺһѪħ̵ˡɱһ
ոǸӳ̫ͻȻأڳīҪҲѾˡ
˿̼˾ȻԽ֣īվֹ
ߵˣȫ
ӻعͷһ۳īĵ½
֣Ѿ˵½ҵԶף½ңѪħ̵ļʦַ˳ͻȻڽ⣬٣ǼλѪħ̵ĵմӡ
ѪħݵλߣǵֱѪħ̡
״ӣȻڽƫԶطһˣֱǶѪħƣֱӳѪħ̵Ķ⣡
ֳޣǲݵġ
īӣôϻǲǾЩ˻ҪǿҪǵĻ͸Ͻ
վһԣЦ¼ֱ̫ţ֮ǰùѪħ̵ļΪʦ֣ѵ㻹һٲɣ
˵ĵطʲôīж伫ȷУºֱӺǳ⡣
㡭㾹ô˵ʱȻŭ
һصصСͨܿܿһûκηֱ𡣽ǵĽң˵ѾȻҪ˼ҡ
ڲһˣ
ڵѾǸ˭ҪΨΨŵŵСˣ
䣬ѾѪħ̵ŵӣ
ʱѪħ̵˽⣬ΪǽֽǵĴ壬ҲҪͿ
ΪڣģѪħ̣
һȥīö࿴һۣһ䣬ȻɫӣҲ
ʱ̣ףΪʲôԼѾ˴УΪʲôǸп޵
½Ҳ
ȺųþͿ˵˵һ죬һǸۣ
Сӣ̫ˣעųīȻ֪ôô𵤾ģ㲻ҪΪ޵еˡ֮ǰ㲻֮ҵļʦ֡û٣㻹ʲôÿģ
Ըǣò١īĿӣڣ
ڱ׼ŭһ֣ɱ
ȺУʱĸڵʿ߰˸۷ʿͬʱųīΧ£
Ȼ˵Ųˣվܿٵı̬Щ˵УǺܾīġ
ǱߵĽȽˣȫһмĿųīλ½ҵԶףʵǹ塣ǳ鷳֮󣬾Ȼһе
Ǹӣ
˵½֣ѣҽˣ
īЦЦѾˣ
ʱһмͷȻ֪ī˵仰ʵ⡣˵ѣǼֵý顣
ͬȡһѳһƷѽУҲСһǿɢޡǸɢޱѪħ̵һλɱˣѽ͸ӡ
ɱӴһųīɱ
еĳһʱϰٵΣնī
ӵĽƣҲױȫγɾ޴ѹ
ǼʿһҲȫƱ
ǳҵĴſڣֱӱһʿս
¡
ļ޷Ƶѹֱӱ̳
һźţЩѪħ̵ʿīɱ
½СģվǴ
Ѿû˽ǿߣٱѾûˣչسԪӤ棬ڽҼʱ򣬲ſܻ֡ȻĻ죬Ҳġ
īվǣûȡκҲûκζȥǱȺ˱ɵˡ
ֱӵĽնīǰһԳīΧһ˿

ͬΪ𵤾ӣϰٵȻīĻûƵ
ӵˣʱһ
ʱ򣬳īȴȻ䶯ˣ
Σͬȣ˲ʧԭأһֱ̣ӳӵǰ
һȭ
䣡
ӿѪɳȥ


699 С
īһȭ֮ûκͣЪˮһ㣬һȺѪħ̵м䣬ҳȭȭ⣡
ֻ̼䣬Ѫħ̵ȺǼȫ˵ϡǼ𹥻ˣȫڵϣˣ޷
̫ˣ
ֻܶüգ۵ĹսѾˡ
ǼֱԼ۾ȫһ𾪵Ŀųī˵ͬʿ֮սһԪӤװԼǽڣ
˵ĸֹУܾգۼͻս֮ǰӳֻɱλߣֻһ
ͬʿҲпܴϼǧغϣȻ޷ֳʤ
ǰһĻʲô
λ½ҵԶסȻǿ˹
Ҳֲ̫˵㣡
һˣգ۵Ĺ򣬾ͰѪħȺڵʿȫŵˣ
Ƕʮ˰
վǲȥҲôһɣ
һ˫۳ȵĿųīĵѹո˵ԸЩ˸ò١ԭǴţƤòŰ
첻ɱǣҪǻȥţԩͷծ˵Ѱ޹˵鷳ԺɱѪħ̵еӣīŵϺ˵Ѫħ̵ӣ˵
ǸӵأӲͦŲûлʹȥ
УҲǳ˺Ȼǰʱոնɹ٣ŶãȻѾ𵤴Ҫʮʮ飬Ȼֻһ¡⻹
ʱ򣬳īһվڽߵķкȻһӣʵҪʲô
⡭¡ţһŵҩȻǿվҡҡλΣҧųīҼˣ
һΣ棬Ҫʲôīʼ˸ɱ⡣
ٲشĻɱˡ
ԼѪħ֮ĳҲѾôˣҲںһ㡣
Ӵӳīϣܵǹɱ⣬ʱֱĸоЩɵĿųīȻ˵ҪշΪͽܡ
˵ʵīϵɱ⣬ʵս߳ˣóɱһˣκ˶ĵ׷ë
⡭ӿһˣ棬ҲֻǸ£˵Ϊһԣԥһ£ֱͦظɱҰɣǲ˵ģ
ȥī˵ţָһһâֱӡ
ۣ
ӵüĴʱһѪɫС͸ոӻɱֶΡһޣ
飡
ӵУޱ𾪵Ĺâֱͦͦĵڵϡ
û뵽ԷȻĶɱ֡ѵͻѪħ̹չı
īĿ⣬ֿѪħ̵ĵӡ
һ£Ѫħ̵ӣȫ׻ˡѪħ̵ĵӲ٣ǲħһеޱȵĿ־塣
мСģֱӱŵʧˣȻ
𡭡ɱǣʲô֪
Ƕ޹ģ
£ֻʦֲ֪ɱˡĲ֪
һŵζ˲䴫ǱߵˣȫüͷмͬʱҲмֻĵĸо
ƺǸոգǱȺڶ۵ĶƵͶ·
⻹Ǻܷ̰
īߵǰȻ
һֵĿųī㡭Ҫʲô
ûбŵʧΪոճīֱӰˡոѹͿīߵԼǰ˶ʱһţҡҸ˵ɱûκ壬ҡֻһѪħͨŵӣһСɱҡ֣
ǱߵķӵվԭʵīһġȻȫûˣվǴСһ𳤴Ļ顣Ĳ뿴ǰ
˿̵ı֣÷ǳʧˡ
һûаϢˣҷȴϲôꡣԭϹˡҷ
ī䣬û˵ЦǺǵ˵ɱˣԲöֵġ
ī˿ϵЦݣ˵ֱǶħ΢ЦǱŵûɢңʲô˵㲻ҪɱҡҪɱңţ˲ʪһƬ
ڡûͦסˡ
īǳ˳飬Ȼվ˵˵ɡ
ү˵㡭ǡС壬ȻȻֻ鹫ҲǼƷʡ˵С壬ߡ죬ڵǣǼԽΪ֮塣ʱʱ¯
߶µģԼ֪飬׵׵ĸ˸ɾ
ѾˣȻĻһֹ䡣û뵽ȻҲ֪£Ѫħ̵վ̫˵㡣׳Ѫħ̣ζʲô
īУȴֱˣ΢΢۾䣬ɭȻո˵ʲô˵һ飡


700 Ϥ
伸ҪīϱƸѹһЩˣۿžҪȥ
īջԼϵƣ俴˵
˵˵ʲôһ־Ŀųī
ո˵Ļظһ飬֪٣˵٣ģ˵ˣҲɱġī˵
ʱһѪħ̵ĵӣһ⿩Ѫһ߲ȻĶ˵㡭˴ˡ治Ź㡭û˻ᡭŹ
ۣ
Ѫħ̵ĵӣü˲һѪ
ī˵룡Ȼ䣺㲻˵ھ
߶µ˵áôʯ̸ûң̸ʱ
˵ص㡣ī˵
С壬˵ˣҲԴﵽΪӣϤȻɽ磬ɽ磬лɵ֮ˡȻȻͿ¯вɲ˵ⷬʱ򣬸ҿǱߵķҲףⷬ˵ڣп϶
ٲκλ͵أ
˵īĿ䡣
滹˵˵ǸĹǡʲô˫壬Ψһġ˵ģֻܲԵġСĿųīɫСĽƺоīǸ鹫ӹһЩ
һֱ˵˸Ĵ̸֮Ҹпһ䣬˵Ǹ鹫淨Ŀꡣ˵Ǹ鹫ʣǸڵ֮壬澳֮һļƷ¯үʱ˵ⷬʱһĽ
īʱȻڻͨĸо䣬żָ֮ɫ
벻Ȼϣ֪˶˵ΪҪһ
ԭīаԭˣȻѪħ̵棡
ң٣
Ǿ˵λѪħ̵棬顣
ܿ磡
īԶ϶Է磡
Ϊ˵иҪĶҪ굱¯Ϊǿġ˫壬ΨһġҪ̤֮ͨ꣬·
һ˽磬ɱԼȫѣ˳ǰ˿ڵ׮Ҳˮʯˣ
˸ɵģ
û뵽Ȼܹ˶ķ
ʱ˽һ磬Ȼһ
ôӦþ磡
һҪ̤֮·Ŀֲڣ
֪Լĵ֮󣬳īУûκη塣෴棬һŻȼգ
֮ǰҲ֪˭֪ˡ
ôǱȵҪֲ飬ҳīҲҪսף
ǱߵĽͷˣС弸ֵʱ򣬻ûжķӦʾȻڵʱȫסˡ
Ƿ¶𾪺ãĸ֮ɫ޷󣬳СƽԼôӵ츳
˵ģʲô¯ʱɫȫ˲ò԰ޱȣ
ΪʿôûмʶҲ᲻¯ֵĺ塣
Ϊ¯
¯Ĺߣ
ôһˣ¯Ŀʲô
Ҫ˵壬¯һЩһ֮󣬾ͿԲˣ
ǳ׵׵ħֶΣ
ΪǳԵ˲ǴȥΪݣ
ĵ¯棬ΪԭһߡɰΪ¯ȵǿš֮գ˵֮ʱ
Ϊ¯Ĵۣ
ԣ˿̣񣬳𾪺Ͳţͬʱҵľ
ԭϲˡã˵ţһΣֱ˹ȥ
ֱڻĺ
īһۣ˵ȴȥɣ½ٸġ
һ۳īȻ˵ͷ˵ã
ʱ״̬ǳãҲȷʺϼȥˡ
ī䣬Ȼ˵ˡ
ֱԼĶ䣬Ϊʱ򣬿϶ǲŹԷġЩŵĿųī㡭ķ뿪
ǣ߰ɣߵԽԶԽáȻĻѪħ̵棬϶Ź㡣īԥһ£һ䡣˵һͬ顣ȴԤϵĴõ˹˵Ϣ˵Ҫúøлһ
ˣīʵûκȤ࿴һۡ
ɴ۲ΪȻһ䣬Ѿˡ
ҲɵȻףԼΪǰѪħ£˸ͨ͸Ѫħ̶ԴͽʲôֶΣӺ͸ոձ½ɱ˵ıѪħ̵Ĵۣ϶ޱȿֲġ
һĴʿһϵϽĿֲܣҪһ磬취ĲҪ̫ࡣ
뵽⣬͵Ĵ˸¡
ԣīûҲȥѪħ̵Щˡ


701 ӵС
ʱ俴ųīĵҡվ
īüȡһŵҩ
лллл½үǿŵҩһżƷ˵ڼ˲佫ƻָ˸߰˰ˡ
׶Էҩ϶ǼƷȻôЧЧĵҩû˵Ѫħ̷ǵЩ˵ҩ˲֪ٱæлųīȻվͳһѷذףߵЩڵϲܶѪħ̵ǰ
ǽе̫ˡ½үɱǣ֣ұǸٺ٣Ҳںϣº͵Ц⣬΢ЦЦݣȥȴޱȺˡ
ЩվѪħ̵һʱըëˣŭ䡣
ʲô
ɱͬţ㲻ú
䡭ѵļ𣿡
ɱǣҲ
úۼˣٺ٣ҲںģҲزȥѪħˣеָôңȻˡٺٺ١
˵ţͷСĵĿһ۳īīûʲôӦ֮󣬶ʱ䣬һһЩѪħ̵ǲŵķŭУеѪħ̵ӡȫĨ˲ӡ
Ȼּһ飬ЩѪħ̵ӵϣݺͱһ
ܿ죬˶Ѫ«һѪˣȥΪֲ
˿ųīʩһ񣺡½үлˣ
˵ţתߣҲɴࡣ
īĿıӰʱȻɿ䣬˵Ʒʵڵӵһ̶ȣ޶
ȴòϣܶһ٣δĻΪһ
ɱЩѪħ̵ӵľٶʵֺóī
Ϊʲô
ȻųīĻŹ
ԣַʽ֪īԷĵķңΪѪħ޵ˣ²㡰½䣡
һǰܱŵƨڹؼʱ̣˺˾Ƥﵽ˼¡ҲĲ򵥣
ˣԺϲƲȴ
Ϊ˵׼ʲôʱͻӰһ
īţıӰ˵˾䣺Ժɡ
Цһûͷ˰֣Ѹٵʧڳ־ͷ
ʱ򣬳īһЩԶԶһԵĽˣ֣˵æɨһ°ɣЩϵĶǾߣͷ˵ˡ
ЩϵĶīҲۣ־ٶýҵЩ˶мҲĵһֶΡ
īδķչʵǲ֮󣬾Ѿһ뷨ֻǵʱ죬٣˲üΪʱ򣬳ī½˵ݳڽǣ˵Ǻڰеһյơ
ԣīҪʲô֮ǰ̫ࡣ
Ȼ̣ǳīģҲԸ⿴ģȴǳķڷչ
뵽ЩīҲ̲סЦԼǿ𣿵Ը´ΡΪԼ۶ùˡ
ֽīҲǳΡ
ֻϾҪģǾŽǵ壬»ָԪãܹһ
ţī˽ҡ
ӴīģȻǽҵİٽ
ļλֳʱڼô飬Ҳһ̫Ҫ˺Ҫ顣ԣҵļڲͽ˽
С㻹ðɣīŽһ䡣
˯ˡ̾һ̫Ĵ̼û뵽Ѫħ̵棬ȻһȻѰ츳׿Ů¯ֱ񹲷֮١
īͷ˵к³ģ
Ѱ̾˿Ѫħʱ䲢ʱ䡣ͷȴǳ磬ЩһҲ̫ȥǣѪħ̵棬ǳѲֶθǺޱȡֻû뵽ǾȻҲȥǣ˾Щ˼顣
塭ǿ𣿡īŽʵ
ͷأû˼ǵˡҲֻ˵ǳǿǿơѪħ̸ȥǣЩ⣬仰˼ƺѪħ̵棬Ҳˣɻ󰡣
ٺ˽⾫𣿡īװһ䡣
ҡҡͷ̸Ϻ˽⣬ʵϣ˵˽⾫ҲûмҲ˵ġ˵ԭ壬磬ڲ˾䡣һ־壬ֱ뿪磬硣˵뿪ľ壬ȫǸոճõľӤ֪
ǰ־ʿҲû취뵽ءī²Ҳڶʲô


702 ½
˵ڶѪħıأǺǡЦƵ˵һ䣬Ȼųī˵ȱܾˣ½ֶµľ棬ʲô뷨
Ѫħ̽ʧǿ϶ưոݣҵĻѾųȥˡ´ˣӦûֱҰɡī˵
ЦЩѪħ̵ĵӣǶɱˣ䡭ȻǸϣȴһ˿͸ľܱŵƨȻģתۼĺɱôˡˣ˵ʵЩ˸е־塣
īͷ뿪ʱڿ϶¶ˡ㽫һͬҲɳԡҲ
ǰͷһĨȻĶ־
ī˵ѪħЩȫˣҲûϵֻҪµľɢȥûˡ
ĻǺ½֣һĿųīҽȻ粻ôȴֳѵ顣
īҡҡͷûϵôзִġ
û£ЩǵĿųīĻǽеĻȫеһ˵ϰ
īЦŵô̵ʱڣ𵤾磬Ȼа취ԸЩˡİɣѪħʱ޵Ŀŵҵϡ٣ɱ֮ǰӦòЩ嶯֡
һȻһĿųī˵ˣȥ½ҵʱֻһڵʿ٣Ѫħڵ״ӣû뵽ô죬Ȼ̤˽𵤴ҲһҪСģѪħ̵ʵԺֲܿǵ桭Ȼֻһ߷
˵ţ˵ֲѪħ̵ķչô죬û˸ǣԭԴ⡣
İɣǵķչҲܿģīζ˵һ䡣
ЩֵĿһ۳īȻ˵Ҳԣ½ֵس̶ȡƺһ㶼ѷɫѪħλ档
īЦЦаûһǱ
ʱ˽ͨ˵½ˡ
īͽ֪Ӧ½Ǳ˵߷飬ˡ
һ۳īЦ½ֽĶ飬ģȻͷЩ´ãһҪ½ֺϼ
īվЦһΪ
ī˵ţһ۽ǱߣһЩҩͷҡ
ɫЩŹֵĿųīǰī˵ѪħҪī¯ͻȻŭġ뵽ī֮ǰӭ׵ĳӽĽǡʱЩˡ
īŽһţЦģǿʺãҲһȻûôãȻкܴռ䡣ϣǰ꣬Ȼ󡭡һỹһȹȥӻԻ͵Ľң
ī˵ţĿһ۽ڷ룬ô飬ӦÿԽˡ
ɫ΢죬һǸĿųīʩһ񣺡½ֲҪ֡Ҷˡ
û£֮顣īĽļȻ˳ȥ
½ˣī΢΢һ̲סпЦԭλȻ֮ǰīնһ۵½һᡣī֪ԼҪĻ½ġ
ԼҪģǵûʲô½ýģһЩˡ
ӣ½һᡣ½һī̬ʮֶҲܿȭʩСҹӻؼҵġ
Ȼ½ã
īа½ù½һԼˡ
ڿҵ
īпЦһˣ»Ϊ½ھīΪֻ½ò֪½ݡ
īȴ֪½ÿ϶ûǸ뷨ʵϣҲ뷨Ϊǣʸ֪½ˣ˾Ŷôֲս
˵½ǽǿļ֮һôڵ½ҡǽǿļ壡
֮һҪȥ
ԭ򣬲Ϊ鶯ɽŵ״½ãΪͻȻ½ҵԶ½
½ò½һ̽ǾīΨһĿģַ߳īԷĴ󵨵ļ½ȥ
Ϊ½һ½ҵһж½ȳָм
ڳīǰ¶¶Ҳкô
һһīݱ¶ô½ңûʹ޳ī
ǣ½ҵȷΪīԵʣѡ˵ףī֪顣ҲֲīͷϡȻתͷī½ݣ½֮·
½£κ˶ûʸȥ޳ī
Ψһʸˣ½һᣬϾīնһֱۡȻѾӻȥȥҲûʲô󰭡վǲ֮ǰҲҪָʱ䣬ָܻ
½һԡ½ǿҵĳݣôһ½һ֪£¶ԳīҲ޲
ʵЩ飬īв⡣
ȴ˵½öӣܶʱһС£ʵܿܶණ
īţȻ½һ΢΢һЦãͻȥɣ


703 鶯ɽ
īУ½һҲ˸кȻ˱Ҵ뿪ң½ҵ
ī½һɫУƺЩʵʲô𣿡
½һͷ鶯ɽˡ
Ŷī½һƺûлϲı飬˵鶯ɽˣ½ӦÿĲǣ½һôַӦ
ˣ½һϣ¶ַߺ֮ɫ˵ô飬Сһ¾ǰϢݻʦš鶯ɽǱߵķӦȴǳ˵С鶯ɽŵ״ӣǱ߾ӦĮŶԡ
ǰ鶯ɽźˮų飬һκδСī˵
Ҳģȴ½һϵķߺ֮ɫŨЦڲ֪ԭ鶯ɽǱ˵½ҸѪħ֮˶Թ֮Ǻˣ
½һϴżֳŪ֮ɫЦⲻոչһ鶯ɽϣС֮ǺݺݵѵСһ٣Ȼ˵½ҵ飬鶯ɽ޹ءСҲŭˣ˵ܰæͰܰæĻҲ˵λ鶯ɽĳϣȻһ鶯ɽŵױšС㿴ǷţֱӾͿˡȻ˵ˣҲ˵˽﷢顣鶯ɽĳϷӦӼң˵
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˵ǲʶôˣ֮ǰ𲮸ҺܺãһֱоʮֿǷ֪αû뵽𲮸ӢţһҲ˺ܴı仯ټϡҲҲʵĿ棬ҲԺԣҪǿҲýҵ˱۵
īͷⷽҲǸŮˡȻûбֳܽʵѾ޵ı̬ˡ
ңҪǿÿһ˹ͬ롣
̤·˭ߵĸԶأ
˵Ѿ֪Լ⣬϶ܹøǿ
뵽⣬īЩǵĿһ۽аСʣٶȼֱ쵽˼顣Լٶ϶١ʱ򣬷ò˶ܾ꣬ͻ̤ԪӤ磬ߡʱǷ񻹻ķڽĺ˵ˡ
ֻīȻ˵ڣڣû˼гһգͷҲԼ顣
īţȻŷ˵У֪ˣҴһ׹ȻٸһЩҩ
ī˵ţͻȻ俴Լϥīʱһ㶡
ڳīǰ˵ҵֻ֮ʦ½СŮΪͽ
⡭īȷ罨һԼպѪħ̣һЩһǸ˽Ʈ칬ṩһĺ̨ͱ
ȴû뵽Ҫͽܣ
˽ͽ¡
һ˵½ӦɡȻĻҲûôĶ顣
֮䡭īʶģҪܾ
˵Ϊʦ½ǿСŮҪܾ˵ţһͷȥ
īһ۽ֵܣһǵı֡ɾСһ
ٺһЦûϵҲԸŽⲻǣ
īһ˵Ϊ˷ҲɷѿˡţīڵͷȻˣҾΪͽˣţҪعء
ܹһСʵΪͽīȻҲǺܿĵġ
ĺӣŵҡ
Ȼ䲢СѾʮͷˣС壬δĳɾͣע˲̫
ķĵ½Ϊʦһʦ̻壬ԶᱳʦţΥԣԸ𣡡
˵ţֱӸīаʦ
Ȼָī衣
ʦ̣Ȼ򵥣ȴׯࡣ
ȵʦ֮󣬳ī룬һ۽˵߰ɣҸлҪ


709 ̫ף
ʱЩɵˣǳ˳飬ðԼˡ
λ½ֶԷʲôͼ桭ʵҲŰ½Ϊʦ뷨ֻ֮һʼཻŲǸڡ
ɵǱôܲ׷ɳԽ죬֮ľͻԽ󣿵ֺϲȫΪԼ˽˷ĳɳ
λ½½жı£
ѪħЩڵʿǰֱͬСһûκοɱԡ
˵½ص½ָ֮һǿսһ
ȻûȷеϢȴ˵ˣǸ½նڽµˣһԪӤĴܣ
ȻֻǴ½ҴСϢܶ˶òܣΪ½ôǿҲԪӤܵĶ֡棬ȴܿġ
ڼʶ½֮ѾǼȳˡ
ŻŷҪʦҲ֮ǰ͸ͨ顣Ҳõ˽֧֡
ֻû뵽½ַȷ鶼죬߸ͽܣǱ߾׼м˸ߡ
ҲǿͰ͵Ŀųī
īһ۽ˣװˣӷȥ˳һЩҩ֤ʮ֮ڣ̤ԪӤ磡
ֻӳīֵһССĺôѣȴû뵽īֱӸһ޴ľϲ
ųī½½֣ǿСܵЦɣ
ʮԪӤ磬ǿЦˡЩ콾Ҳ˵ʮܽԪӤ簡
ǳԷˮſھĻۣʱ䣬µĻۡһΪ;硣ⶫҲֻл۾͹˵ģҪ츳
ȻĻ˭ʱ䳤¾ã˭ľͻߣ
ʵһܹմﵽʲô磬ŬǲģҪ˵츳
츳ǲܵ˽ڣ岻ԪӤ硣
ۼ꣬Ҳֻһǿ󵽱̬Ľ𵤣ܳΪԪӤ
ԣֱӱīĻˡ
ûԼгһҲܳԪӤ磬Ϊ߳ƵĴܡȴûʮ̤ԪӤ硣
˵ʮˣһܳΪԪӤʿҲԸⰡ
һԣҲͬˡ
Գīģ½ߡҲ֪Ǹͷʵ˵ǿߡ
ȴûԼʦ֮󣬾һΡ
ЩοЩΡȴֻǾˮ£¶ĭˡǲҪ̫಻ʵʵΪá
ԣī仰ѽ𺳵ˣͬҲѷŵˡ
棬Ȼһ˿ĻɣԼʦĿ𣿿ھ㲻ҲˣѾʦˣ
УͬʮֻͰˮϰµģѡ
īĿɨһЦγ֪Լô˵϶öɡҪģҲЧ
Ͼ˵Щ̫ˣҼȻ˷ΪͽôͲһֱԼݡʺϵʱ򣬿϶Ҫġ
ô˵µġ½ôȥǸʮꡣʵ䣬ȴû٣пûз
ǲʱ򣬾ͽԼ󳹵˽ҿһ죬϶ޱȵΡ
Ϊʦ⻰٣ȣҪǸ߲ſԡ
Цī˽һۣ˵͵ҿЦˡ

ͷȫһͬʱҲеʧ
Ц˵½֣ɱŻңܲ˰ԺǧЦˡ
һ˫Ŀһ۳īĵˣҪϵĻԺôʦ
īЦ˭Żˣ
ͷͬʱһոշȥģ˲ֶȻǳ鴤ųī֪λүʲô·
īˣЦˣ벻ʮ֮ڣΪԪӤܣ
ȿȡ룬ζ룬Ȣؼһ룡ƤЦĿųī
ޣһһڣɫߺ죬һ۽˭Ҫ޸ˣ
ѽʼ磬һ̯֣ųīεĵ롭ܳɹ
ī̲סЦȻȡһƿҩӸÿһţʮ죬Ƚ˵ɡҪɹȾͱҪУһҪȢҵͽܣҪʦһزСʵ̫ˡҴӦͽҲ㡣
һԶŽɫ糺죬Ҫ˵ʲôԼոհΪʦܲ·ϡʱ˿̣ҲһڿӰԼ˵ĸо
ɬ֮иģȴһǿҵ𺳡
һƿҩһµʱ䣬һڵʿ̤𵤴



710 κķ
ȷ췽ҹ̷
ȷ쿪
ȷ˵λ
ƿҩ˶סˣЩ΢΢һĨ֮ɫųī˵½֣ģ
īͷ
ȻҪ£īд
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𿴽ƺ˺ֿܶ࣬ʼǲǱˡıˣѾ
ǿ̹ĵĳޣѵͲ뱨
Ȼ룡
ʲô
ڿھ磬ȥ鱨ѩ
ǲΣ
ѻʯ㲻ϣĭʯ
һöʯͷϣ˲ʯͷôܽʯͷһƬơ
ͬƥ֮ŭѪ岽
䲻У׳
ĭʯʲôۼ£
һʲôûˣ
ԣȥƺѾ߳ȥӰֻǽЩȫĽ
ŷīһ棬ȻΪ˳ȫֺγûϣгһգǿһ̶ȵʱ򣬰ͷ
Űű쾭壡
Ϊޱһ壡
ǰҲǷĳš
ԣīߵʱŻЩԥΣҲеĲʡǲʱģǲΪʲôûʣԿٱǿʱܳΪһʿҲҵ飬ԱɷǣҲҪõӦе³
ҲҪףƥ֮ŭҲǺܿµģ
ȫû뵽½Ȼһ֮ľϲ
ֶ飬˵Ǵ죡
īʹһס£ȻŽ˵ǼȻѣͲ˿ʵҲӦøġ
ʲôӦã˭Ӧø˭ģûī˼Щ˵½֣Ļ˵ˣ̵ͽܡҽֻһ仰պ½ʲô飬ҽǵɽǻ𺣣һ仰͹ˣ
īĽļ򣺡ϵɽҲ»𺣡úûţú飬ܹʵһȥ
ţĵͷȻųīһȭһ仰ûٶ˵ûдкתߡ
¼ˣֹסˮ
ˣϸĵķǸо˽쳣촽ĿŽıӰ뿪Ȼתͷųīʵʦǵҩ
ȻģīͷЦſŷ֪ʲôϣкܶණδӴҲ˽ġ˵һ׵ķˣûʿʲôӡôȻţܹǧꡣţǿʿеһءҲͬţһŵҩӼʮ˵Щ𣿡
룬ȻͷܣҳǸСϣʵܶ˾Ͷʦ˵ͨˡǵ̬ȷʦ˵Ĳࡣ
ī˵ҸĵҩԿڵͬʱԸıԼǿľһ˵Ϊһ棬ĻۣţҲ룻һ棬Ƕԡĸ򡣡
ͷΪһʿ֪ʶǺġ
īֵԵĸҪǿָָԼԴȻЦԽǴˣԵĸҲͻԽ
ٴεͷ
īʱЦôģ
𣿡ʶĽһ䡣
ǣˣ츳õˡīŷⷽ棬ûк첹ķֻҪǿκ顭ԽԽ
ĿĿųīȻȫû취ĸоΪѾȫ֪ȻҲӴһ֪ʶϵͳ֪ʶȴǵһ
īģҲипûнӴ磬ûڹеõôܵĴУҲһ
һʿ˵ԴȻҪʵҪġȴǹĸ֪ʶ
ԽǸ߲飬ǽӴ֪ʶҲԽ
ԣʿҪɽԨ̫ࣻɽ磬ֱԨ̫ࡣ
˽硭˽ˣʿûУ
ʿĻ֮أ
ԭңˡ˰죬Ȼ˵ʦĵҩ棬̺˺ܶԣڶʱ䣬õͻƣûκεĸã𣿡
īԴĿһ۷ЦôͿʼ𣿡
ʦһţһԼʦ̫ˡΪ㲻֪ʲôʱͻȻͻЩŵ
뻹ְ׺ͷ˵һЩٿȥܳȡ
ĺˣκβõĺī˵٣ڷ֮ǰǲġνҲǴ޽ǸʿҪȥǵ⡣
ĿĿԼʦȻ䣬ָоԼƺİһ˲õΪʦ


711 ʦĸо
ãſųīʵʦǣҡʲôʱܵ־簡
īһ۷˵꣬ꡣԣЩ⣬ʵѾԿˡͣʱ䣬ᳬʮ꣡
ı׵׵𺳵ˡ
棬֮ǰЩŽɵţȻʦ˵ýʮڳΪԪӤܡôԼ˿кС壬Ӧɣ࣬һѾ÷Щȥʱˡ
˵īǳ׵׵İѷС֮Ů𺳵ˡ
ں֮ܶÿʦһ죬겻ѡһԼһϵѰĺʦһ桭ȴҲԼıֺöˡ
ȫһûӣûϢ
ꣿûȥ˵Ǹꡣ
īŷ˵֪ǵʱʲô𣿡
ң˵ʦʱֻʵ࡭Ҳ۷塣Щȷ˵
ǣʲôʵīŷ
ʦڡѾǽ𵤳ڣܴӳīϸܳľ磬ֻǲ²⡣
ǰЩǽ𵤳ڣڡѾӽˣī˵
³ˣ޵Ŀһʦû̫ͣãΪ񣬷ڿһ
ʿ⣬۷壬𵤳ڣҪãīŷʵ
Ҫʮİɣ١Ҳɣ½С츳׿ʿҲɣ˵
ǣӽ𵤵ԪӤأīʡ
ҡҡͷҲ֪ˣҾã̫ʿһӶδܽԪӤ硣
īЦЦŲţҽ̤ԪӤ磿
š˵
ˣ˵ˣʵʤ۱磬ʱ㿴žˡīʮƶ˵Ȼϣȡһöעһķݸ˷һķţԺ˵ɣǿ
һĽӹöаԸ̣ʲôѾͽˣȻʦڵġ
棬ȴʮϲʦĶ϶ܲˡ
ȴ֪īҲпԣڲǼٵģϵĴУҲ̫ˣ
ʮ𴫳Уһ֣ͳһĴܡڶԷ˵λͬŮͽܣһӦһǡʦƭˣ̫ˣ
ԣɴ಻˵ԺԼоȥˡ
󣬳īȡһöעһķƥĹˣķ͹ˣǡ㹻֧ܸߵľ硣
ţһŬģʱ򻹲֪жôˡ
һСž츳ʦܿܵȻŮΪһķΪһˣվۣ֮߳ơ
Щڵķ˵Щ̫ңԶīҲûɳһ죬ǺεȾޡ
С壬ֳԽ죬ѷɫڵʣ硭Ҳ
īָ˷ƿҩȻԼһӣȥϤķ
Լǻص˷ʼ
ϾʦҪͽܸ׷ΪǲŽжˡ
ߡ
ߵʱ򣬻Щ鲻ԸġȻʦķʲôƷ׵ģѧϰ֮΢һУܸоȥķϵµĲࡣ
ԣֻСʱ䣬Ѿĸо

һ죬Уֻʱ򣬲Żᵽī̡Щ˳ī֮ǰ˵ģЩ飬Ҫǰһˡ
ֱʮ֮󣬷һͻˣ
ڣɹ̤ڣ
÷ϲһʱ䣬嵽˳ī
ʦʦһԺС
ʵԭ飬Ѿͬˡ֮ǰķǶֳȣСеģͨǷҵĶС㷽贡ڷϹ
ī߳һЦн
ʲôнͻˣʦҴڣɹͻƵˣ̫ʦ̫ˣң֮ǰ룡˷ܵСͨ죬Щ״Ρ
īЩĿŷ˷ܸʲôʲôʱ̤𵤴԰ڰɡ
ԱĲᣬЩԹĿһ۳īʦ
īǳ˳飬˵ãԼĳ˼ˣ
ԲͬԴǴʽ
Ѿڷ¸ˡⱾһ£īȴͻȻЩ꣬ãԼеˡ
־Լе顣ʦͽУӦôԼħǰҲСԣҲûʲôֵþȵġ
īһ۷Ȼ˵ʵΪͻƣӦҵˡҡ
ʦ˭ֹһ䣬ʲôȻЩŤ˵Ҳڱչء


712 
īŷɫȻЩ
ʦʲô£ųī
Խһϲû𣿡īĿŷ˵Ǹˣ٣һһġ
ɫ΢죬˵֪ġ
ǣϲĸо𣿡īʵ
ңҲ֪ЩãȻĿųī֮ǰһ㶼ûеġǸʱֻϲ䣬һֱãҿһӣ԰ٳּǿԺҸȥ
ɫЩȻȻ˵û뵽Ȼˣ˵һҪлͽңǣҿʵĿ֮ǰҴûһ˵Ʒ£Եӵֵزûᷢҵϡڼˣʶˣȴû뵽ԼǸˡԣʹ޹ԼΪʲôôʱҾаԷģҪôһȥҪôһȫȫҵˡ
ųīʦ֪ϲңΪң̫ŬЩҶڻǲ᲻Ҳ񡭡ҲǸһΪ棬ңҡ
īЦҡҡͷ˵㲻ҪΪһ˺㣬ͷˡǲԵġ
ͷ֪ڻܾ飬ңһû֮ǰг߳
īͷ˵ˣҲҪһ䡣磬յ㣬ɽҲǡ
͵̧ͷųī
ī˵֪иĸˣãò˶ãͻ뿪ǡΪһ磬ͣҲû취¡
ңûЩȻۿˮתҲ뿪ҵļˡ
īЦ˭뿪Լļأ·ʵܲпᣬҲܹ¶֮ʵǲ̫źϾһΪ㸶ˣס
Ҹô죿ȻĿųīʦҲô뿪ҵˡ
⣬Ҳûиõİ취īŷãһʱ䣬ĸĸ֮·ʵֻԼȥ
ͷĬ˺ܾãȻ̧ͷųīʵʦûбİ취𣿡
īЦ㿴ңҲһô
ī˵ţ̧ͷգ̾˿
үүǻţǷܹȫأԣԼ
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˶ܷɽ磬վ޷硣
ʱԼȻͬź
·ߵ󡭡϶ǹ¶ġ
˭һ·һֱȥ
ĸӣӣ
īЦЩˣΪʲôܶĴʿһмλ£ȴûӣûмͥҲûкӡ
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ĬãȻ̧ͷųī˵ʦ롭ҵĵö
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˵Ȼһ޸
šīͷͽܵľҪأҲҪ֧֡ϾÿˣԼѡ
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һϣĿųīҪõʦĿ϶
Ȼʦͽ֮䣬Ӵʱ䲢˵Ƿǳ̡֮ȴǰλԼ˼ʦҪǸˡ
ĺ̨
ʦڣη塣
ܵҲʵ
ԣīû̫ԥЦ˵ģѡ񣬶ǶԵģ
ţϣųҸЦݡ
󣬷΢Ц뿪
Ǻңǿ׵ܵܺᣬڻһھ֣ԸͬΪΪ˺μ
Ϊ֮ĵһ£īݷá
˽̸һʱ֮󣬺Цݵ뿪˳īס
˺󣬽ҡ½ҡңÿ죬ͻר̹īݷһΡ
ڽǸһڵõ˷Ҫ޸Ϣ֮˶Ҫַˣһһεīܡ
½ãǸ壬ͻһΡ
ԳīһŮͽܵ飬½û΢ʣе㲻
˵һ½ҵˣ˼ҽҵĶϱôãô£ôš½û£
ԴˣīֻεĿЦ˵˲㻹֪˭ôʲô½ˡճ
½ˣīҲЩΣֻȥѡһЩ½츳ȽϺõ꣬Ȼ͵Լ
ʵⱾǳīĳԣֻ̫׵õģû˻ȥϧ½Ȼֲһˡ
һµʱ䣬Ȼȥ
Ҳѽĸãȫӵ˽ǣרһ׾޴լԺԼĸСӡ
ǵĻڣ¸³ˡ
󼪣˼Ȣ


713 Ե
һңǵ壬ƽҲȫʼȴԵĻָԪ
һֱס½ңżī̸һ֡
īղôɱƬײѧĺܿ죬һʼҪӣڣӵ£˫żҲɱƾˡ
ѣ·̫ڷâ¶󿪴Ǻ£ЩʱҲҪתػأһЩֶΡЦŶԳī˵
ˣһֱ𾴡ʵݵ˵һʮѵõ顣
ϾīǿҲǽڵʿ
ԣȴѾԪӤڵʿˣˮĸݵλڼȳī˲ֹһ㡣
ȴúȻ崺ĸо
īҲ˽Цŵǰ˵üǣܻлްʱ򣬵ȷҪһЩֶΡ
ѽһ˿ĵ顣ЦţȻԳī˵ûȤˮ
ţī΢΢һ벻ôȥԾȻһ롣ѵסôãյĿġȻԼ
ī氵ҡͷòܡ
Լսôǿ󣬵վһڵʿˡɱٱԪӤܣҲǻԵɺϣԼʵ
Ҳ϶ԣīԼʵܹݵλߵĴ
ʵ֤ˡ
Եģǳīʵ
īһˣãɱٱˣĲʵʵЩ˵СʵǾʵ
ܹĴʶưٱ˵αװǶô˲õһֱ£
󣬶ԪӤܵѹһ̴ٱ˵࣬ǺεȵİԵ
Ȼһն˰ٱ˵ԪӤǺεȵǿ
Щܱ֮Ϊʵʲôʵ
ԣһԶԳīѾ൱۲
ָоܰ˸ڻصˮлΪˮĵȻˮߵĲΣ
ˣҰĵġ
Ҳ⡣
Ļƾ½һ仰ƾʲôλԪӤܣ
ѩ̿ôҲҪ͸˭
ǰģīеӣͷԣЦ᲻֪ڵɣ
ķ棿ôԵĿһ۳īѪħ̡ȷǸ޴вˮ㵣ûС˵ţ˵ˮ鶯ɽ
īһӾˣνһ壬ʵҲô¡
໥ģ˴˼䣬ȴѾûϵֵˡ
Ѫħһ棬飬ˣǱɱġīһԣȻһЦҡûκɣ
Ե۾УȻЦҲǣ־ž޵ˣ϶Լɣ
˵ţ˵ʵҲӦ뵽ˣʱ䣬壬඼ѾѣǵĳԴˡ˵ţЦҡҡͷˮûˡ
īʱЦȻܹ뵽ˮȴǾǰ˺ܺã
Щ˵̫͸㵽Ϊֹɡ
ԹȻҲˣ϶ʱ¶ĵЦݣȻˣ˵Ǹ츳׿ͽҪˣ
ԣ¸³ˡīͷ
³ˣӣЦЦȻ˵ʱԻȥһƺȣ
ǰ̫ˣȥˣϱīҲЦ
Ըȥ
īЦݽ̾Ϣһ
˵ĵطͻннĵطиַ
һ̤·ܶ飬ɼˡ
˵ո뿪ԡ
īʵûҪЩɴ̫ĽҪһ٣ֻ뷢չԼҶ˵վֻһ͡
֮ʱ䣬ɽ硣
Ϊɽ磬ĵ˺ڵ
Ҫκƾշչһʵ˵ɣҲûôס϶١
ԣýѡǵý
ɱĵˡͬҲɱ
ī֮ǰ÷ˮͨһ⼸죬Сз粨
ӣѪħǱߡҲӦûӦ˰ɣ
ŰٱûлƣҲǸүѪħ̵棬ڳôһ֮󣬻ȫ⡣
ɱͽ֮С壬ӴԴѪħ̲Źɡ
οѪħ̵֮һ
ģܻᵽ
īҲûҪأû˱ܡ
ľ磬Ѿӽڣ˽𵤺ڡ
е澳֮壬ϣֲʿ
û֮һ


714 δ
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ңһΣֱ˾Ÿˡ߸ǽ𵤺ڵʿԪӤʿˣǳ½ģǡīģ
Ӧ֮ǰѾڡ½Ϣԣŵʿûе½ҵţֱҵ˳ī
ʱīͥԺͻȺ֮ǰСǣһӣͥԺУԺŵЩ
ʱֵգǰٻŵʱڣԺ̺죬ʮ
飡
լԺĴţһ߿һ졣Ȼݺݵײ棬޷־޴źȻ
ٴηƵ졣
īĶƤû̧һ¡еһʳӽԺĳСʱһȺɫʰ쵵Ľʳˮ䣬е㶼һǳɷǺÿ
Ǻǣͦеһʮˣܳ壬һȵǰ档ɽĳīʱԳ
īͻȻʳָߣ꣡
Ȼָָ漷һŵĽ㣺ŵǣ
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һԪӤʿϻʲôǵˣӦۣ
ʣ𵤺ڵʿȻû˵īĿУȴȫǳ䡣񣬾ͬڿһˡ
˼īʳĲȻȻվ
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ô֪Ϊ׵һԪӤʿüͷЩȡ⻰ѾǳˡҲûҪݡ
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˵ɣҲ磬ΪʲôīĿȺˣʲô飬ҪɵġҸ֮䣬ԩ޳ҲԱ˳ŵ鷳˵˵ǵɣ룬ôԴǡ
ŶһԪӤʿԸīӰ죬ЦȻ֪ŵˣѵ㲻𣿻У˵˵ôԸǣ
Ǻǣ˵ǳһ˲õ嶼ΨհȷˢӡСӣ徴㣬ҲҪ㣡һԪӤʿЦһ˵
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ī˵ţĿȺɨȫȡĿģ
ɱأһ𵤺ڵʿҲһ㣬ԪӤʿ˵
ҲɱǡīһĿǣȻԺʡ


715 ȫ
һԪӤʿ̲סЦֻУȴûһ˿Ц⣬䵽Խͷ˵ȥʦܡ
ڵʿӦȥ
ȻԪӤʿųī񣡡
šīһ̹Ȼĵͷǣпһʱ
ȥһԪӤʿŭ֣һɺ嫵Ϣ˲ϱ
īȻ䱬ǿġϢ
Ȼǽ𵤾Ϣϣȴ˿ȶԷԪӤϰ֡
Ȼֱӳˣ

Ҫ
ֱһȭֱӺԷţ
ԪӤʿʱԼˣ
ʿ֮սôͳɽͷսˣ
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ʵϡȴǿ쵽˼£
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飡
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ԪӤ𵤺ڣȫȺ˼ֱӴˡ
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𵤺ڵʿһ鴤ۡ
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Ÿ޺ãȻͷҾȥҪԺ棬һ
ˣɵվŸʲôǰ׳𣿡һԪӤʿҧгݵĵ֪Ľʿ
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ЩȴǼˣԪӤʦֻ˵֮⣬Щȫб졣ȫ¶ˣǿţû
ܿ죬𵤺ڵʿͽ˵ҩ뵽Щ˵ĿУȻְǴһˡ
һ֮һȺȫִһ൱ķ羰ߡ
ʱǱߵˣѶ


716 ˵սǱս
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Ͼ˭֪һǿɣǵͷҲûʲôˡ½ȴԭԼ
н磬ǿʳ˾ӲˣԷ㣡
ʲô飬ʲô壬Ƕƭġؼǿ档
ոնȹΣյʱڣЩڶǵģֻһң
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⽭Եϣʱ¶֮ɫֱԼ˫ۡϸ˵ȷǷ⽭ûȻٿЩˣԵɻ֮ɫأʵЩŪˣ
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718 ŭ
ī֪˭֮ҲеǳȣԼšûκν˵ʲôԹˡ
ӲҪôһϵĻƾ⻪ҪͨȢ½ʵֿ½ң̶ĿģΪԼĴڣһЩ
Ҳϴŵȫ˶ɣ
⻹ϡˣ
ŵŷ⽭˵һֱڱչҪ񣬷ɽ硣Ȼʱأȷ˸е޷⡣
ŷ⽭ĵǣ˲䱻һɿµϢѹš
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719 ԪӤ
ԣƴŽ챩¶ݣ߱죬ҲһҪһظˣ
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ҵŷ⽭ֲֿܵɱˣʲôģ㣬ԼԪӤն
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ԪӤһĲҺ
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ΪԪӤһ˲䣬ǹԽһʿָϡã
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ʵϣīûбը顣֣ûһ㲨
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ո÷ˮͨеӲĽ˳Լ壬뵽˽µĴСȻӲѹ
ӵ澳֮壬ڵľ磬վ̫ͣԣɿֲԪӤīʱܡ
еķ⽭û뵽˾Ȼĸҵ棬˿ֲѪȵֶλɱһԪӤʿ˶챻ˣֱһƣųīֱӾѹ
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īлصˡȴѾʧӰ١
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˵ţߵϣ˲䱬һޱȿֲԪӤϢȻѾﵽԪӤڣ


720 ǹ
ԵɫЩ԰ףʶŵһʵȨϡŷ⽭׸磬⽭ɽ
⽭ɽдٶغ֮һϧܡ˵Ҳû⽭ɽ١
ŵǿߣ㳲ܹסһԴơҲ޲ңҲֱӽšϾˮȻΪֱӸŷ˵ﻰԻЩǵġ
ʱ½һ˵ˣʦ壬ûҪЩһʶϽ뿪ɡ
ҡȻжЩ⣬½ôһ˵ʱЩΪϾ½ú½ңӣмӡҪǾôˣоǳΡ
½úܴЩƤһЦ˵ʦ壬±ûκιϵЩ˲ܻ˽ǡֶŮһҪʦء
½˵ţҲԻشֱӿ˵ʦȥһ鶯ɽʦ﷢飬֪ʦһ˵òТ˼ǰТˡʦҪΪұˡ
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ԡҪ͵⽭ɽ˸ΣյĹâ俴ԡ
룡Եҡҡͷܵʲô
ãȻ㲻ԼΪѣҳȫ㣡⽭ɽ˵ţȻŽȥͬʱŷ⻪˵ߺ㶯֣
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ҲֱӸŷ⽭ɽȥаҲֻܹΪôˣ½ԺҲӦò˼ˡ
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ʱ򣬷⻪½ã˵ã飬³ֻ½ģ֪϶ң½Ҳ½Զף˵֮Ѿû̫Ĺϵˡϣһ㣬ҿŹǣŮˡ½ͽܣ
⻪˵ţһָȻֶ½˵ֻҪӦ޸ңô½ҵˣҽһҲңҿԱ֤½ˣһ󣡡
⻪֪Ϊʲô½ÿŷ⻪Ի˵Ҳף½ˣ㸸׶Գ棬֡ԴСֵزѵ涼Ҫ𣿡
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ȻҾ˵ԩ޳ôȻǸѪħ̹ˡҲףѪħ̵׸ʲôô½õУѾżֳ磬ҲǼҲһˡͲʿ𣿡
Ȼ𴩣⻪Ȼûгϣֻǵ˵ЩԶס
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ǣһԪӤʿһЦСɱ㣬ҪֵĻ͹ݴʦ
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ĿѣһҪȥ
ͬԧ죿ٺ٣УԪӤʿЦţҪ֡
һ˲䣬ŵԪӤʿȻܵһޱȿµϢ˲佫üסв˲併١
ʲôǸ֣δڣͻȻ䣬ͿһӰԲ˼ٶȳ
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ţԪӤʿͷ­߸߷
һǻԪӤѪͬȪһ㣬죡
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еԪӤҲֱӱϡã
ţǿʿȺУ󾪺
ͷ
Ҳ˵ֱۡȡֱӱնϣ
Ĳҽ־ļ˲䣬ŵȺǿʿȺз


721 ɱ
ûܿʲô
ܶ˸ӰûпֻȺԭֺʿǣ˿ȥͬ׳ɱһĺУ
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ֻ䣬ߵʿĿֲ٣
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Ҫˣȴǵľ磬Ǹ˵Ķ
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ټǴûȻӵ˿µսһʱȫЩɵˣ
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ãУˮ૵ֵܡҾ˵ݺôûôá


722 
īʱ˶һ״̬Уӽ𵤺ڵľ磬ĴϣŲȻӰ粽չسɴͨٶȿ쵽˼ĳ̶ȡ
ī棬Ȼ⻹
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վ۷Ĵڡ
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˵⽭һʵͨ쳹أǰʱݺ磬ͬУҲӵŲСйٻԻսʿ
Щ꣬⽭˶õ͵˺ܶ࣬ʼڹ¶档
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мǳīոʩչƭ⽭ͨ
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ڱֱӶߡ
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ѰĽ𵤺ʿ޷ʩչȻԪӤ磬ʩչһμҲҪ׽ڵȫͿաδػߡ
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ʩչһμûκĸо
ͨǿĵطֻҪУ㹻ôͿԲϵʹͨ
ʲôʱ򽫾ȫĹ⣬ʲôʱ򡭡ɽˮ


723 ⽭
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һ£վ½ǰһ䣺㵽ʲôͷ


724 ð
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סðߵĳӣҪʲôҩǼ٣ҪõŮˣģ
֧ðߵĶ飬һʮˣһȺͨʿŲɼҩģȻȡһЩԴЩ޸ŵɢޱҸġ
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ԣֻһͨŵӵӣǰֺȴκԽ֮
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725 
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726 ù
ӽԺҲǵ鷳ҡһǣ¾ſ˵
үǸôĴۣҪסʱɫҲȻͬһͷ׼Եϻų¾ŵҲЩΣӦףµģҲ¾ţֵ̫󣬲Ȼ˭ûô
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727 Ǳ
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729 ͷ
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ˣ˵ϻˣ£أ¾ţΪЩ飬ˡЩ꣬թ٣Լʱ򣬵ŵǰҪ꣬ˣ˵ţȥ
̫ˣ¾⣬ڴŵб߳ȥˣ
ֹһ⣿ֱһŶȥ껹ҪϷҵ£޳ܵĶ
ۡ黹û꣬ҹƣŪûͷᱻʦţ
ӣʦҲˡҪۻصŵӡѱȵ죡
ã
ԣã
ûȫɢȥȺУܶ˵ϣȫ¶֮ɫ
īһίͲʣͬʱжΧ˵ķŭ棬ȴޱȵĻϲͬʱЩп
ԭǴŵģ
ڿЩ˵ľֹ֮󣬳īٸıһЩ⡣ֻס
УдӣʵûôӣҲûж໵ǶͨͨʿѾûֶҲʹ¾ˡ
һȺ˱ĺͿĵĿУīһӴţȥ۾סĵطˡ


730 ۴
۴īҺĳЩüͷû뵽һ˾޴ɣ۾סĵطȻ֮
īףոչ㳡ЩˣΪʲô¶˽޵ıȷǳ¾ŵĻֵطֱǴɽֱӱ뷲仹㡭ֱӸ뵽Ȧȥˡ
ֽĲһܳܵġ
ʦ֣ˣһ䷿סŰɡųīŵӣȻȻͦУȴʹĸо
ī俴һۣʲô֣
һ£ͷߣûٶ˵һ䡣
ī˼ĿӵıӰа¾УĲС
ΪŵߵĴæߵʱҲûнʲôһȺȫһĿųī׷ʲô
ǵоˣʶ¾šλжӯĶȴûϾ˫ݵλ̫ˣ
īһ·ǻǿúġ
ŵӣ
ŵŵӣȻֵطʲô
ܶУɵ
ī俴һȺˣ¶һĨ񣺡ҹһȥʲô
һȺ۶ʱɢ
ܳԶ֮󣬲źȻǵĵ̰ΪʲôҪģȴûκҳīš
īٺһЦĵ¾Ųһ׵׵ݣƺҲͦ˼
޵ǸõҪףġͬҲҪ֪
Ȼһ죬һʿôĶ֪Ѿ˼Ҹɵˡ
ᣬ۴С£սս߹ŵ֮ûǱԭί֪۴Ĺ£һڵͨŵӡ
ŵȻ¾ŵĴȻҲܷеʹ죬Щͷ
˵¾ŵӱ۴Ǿ磬ݣ۴СǵġΪأò棬λүǳʲô¶
۴Ȼۣɵײ㣬Ϊ£ȨǲСġÿҲܶٹεôһˮɲΪһʺԼǰ̡
Ǹүˡ۴С¿ԶԶĴкʲôҪСģ
ҲˣҲûбˣͶֻҪó¾¾С
īǳ¾ţԶ˺£ҲûκȤֻĿһӣ׼һ徻ķݣû²Ҫң鲻ã
ããͽ˸׼õķݣ۴Ĺ¼ֱĻŭţû뵽λүȻ׵ľͷŹԼ
ǵģīָʹָʹúܿġ
ܱǿٱ
ֲܳվڵĵӣͷһʱ䣬ӦҲͻᱻٻȥˡ˵ԼźˣԺܵõô
λ۴Ĺš
ãֲݼٵġīһĿһܵĻֻҪһĵطˡ
УУھʹȥСƨƨߵĴųīҵһرľĶ
ﻨ㣬ŨȻЩŵĵطûȣ۴˵Ѿõĵطˣ
īһС£Ȼ̬ȣ㣬
С¶ʱܳĸоǳһа˼Ҷ˵¾λүлʮְԵڿҲûдôӰȻڿˣ
ˣ߰ɣסû±˹ҡīһۣ˵
ǣүģӽ𣬾κ˸й䣡۴Ĺظ֤ȻСʵҪҪҪҪСܸĵʲôģүģ϶ûκ˸ҷԡ
ī̧ͷۣһ۴Ĺ£ֱѶԷЩë˵룬ûҵĻҪκﷳңҵЩˣҿϣ
ǣСߣү۴ĹоԼһƨĵȥˡҺãүûзүǸ˰
۴Ĺʶĸˡ
īΧĻһЦаҲ治ⷽԲɣһ۴Ҳ̶ֳȵ
ǰģ۴ĳǰطǲġȽҪŨܶࡣҪŨһϣ
˵ܶɷԼһݣҲҪ뵽ⲻûԭġ
īţת⴦
ĸþߣһӦȫһܸɾȴסĺۼ
طӦ۴дЩ˵ġīЦһ£ƾԼ֣۴εġ
ҿɲŵĵӣ
Ҫƻģ


731 ̽
죬ī۴ס£ÿˣһȥй䡣Ҳǵõ˹µľ棬ûκ۸ҹ
һ£ҲûЩŵӺŵӹˣԳīֵСÿй䣬ӵҲڵĺܡ
й䣬ûĿĵģҪһЩڽǱߵϢ
ݣЩ̫󣬲ߵģ̸۵Щǣȫ졣ȻһηĿ
óīп˵ܲ˼Ҽ˵Ļδ̫ˡ
ԣ֮󣬳īɴǸ۴С¸й˵ԼҪչһ£С˵֡¸ī֤ûκ˻š
īһ鼫ƷʯС£С¸ַˣλүľ֮飬˲١
ī⴦һҪչصģȻֱӻһףȻ뿪ط
һΣīðٱֱӱһ۵ģ
Щ죬ѾЩǵĸֹɡɵۣ⼸ݡ
ӵеʮ۵ӾˣӰ˵ļжʮˣ
ôˣȻÿ˶໥ʶԳīҲ±˷֡˭һСأ
ī󣬸о˲٣һСҪ۷ʱīԼܷҪһ۵·ûУҲе˵ȥ
īӴͬһСǵ۴ֱҡУҲûʲô˶࿴һۡ
󣬳īʼȥЩ˵Ľ̸
Ҳ֪ʲô飬¶Ļ̵̻ġ
˵ǳ˴£֮ǰ˴Ŵǿߣȥһ¡Щǿ룡
ţȻ飿˵˺ܶǰѾչز𣿡
飬Щܹȵģ
˵Ҳǣܶ䡭ȴġǵ壬ʱ䣬Ѿ½˻˵˵УŵӵľӢ״ӣмϡҲⶾ֣
ǰҲ˵ˣû۴Ҳæ˺ܶľǱ߶ڷļӰӵ㣬ƹײأ
Ҳ֪Ǹʲô˷˳ͻȻô
١¸ЩСۣҲûʲôϵ
īһ·ߣļȫ۵Ǳߵ飬Ѿ׷ͣʼˡ
Щ飬ȴû̸ۡҲǣЩǵݵλ̫ˣҲֻ˵һˡ
Щĵ飬ʱӴ
ţʱȻ˵˳īĶУóīʱΪ֮һ
٣˵𣿺ˣ
Σ˵ǸطѾͣö𣿾˵ţΪаһطԪӤܽȥδܻų
ǰˣ˵˺ƶҵĸͬСӡһŵӣ¶ҸͬС
ȿȡֵܣֱ˵¶Ҫˣ
ⲻǸ㽻ĳ𣿲Ȼ˵Ҵţ
˵˵˵
īԶԶĸۣһ㲻ٵĽ˫ĶԻС
ǱߵϢ˵ˣһŮˣ˵ĺƯǸ֪۵˵񡭡һγֵشǸŮйϵԣֱץؽ˺εС
ǿϧˣֵطȥûܡһҡͷ̾Ϣ
˭˵أһ˵ץǸŮˣһΣɶԽǱ߳׶ŭˡѾɳŵӣŶΧ˵Ҫץһ½ġǸһûץǾһ첻ɣ
Ǹ½ˣشˡⲻߣҲڳء˵ǸˣУҲ֪١
ҪģǾ̫ˡһˣԪӤ϶֡Ǹ֪һ֡
ǲʲôǾһȺ۶ѣ˼Ҹ࿴һ۵ģ
īʱѾֹͣ죬ת뿪
ĬΣ
ͬʱīҲѾ֪˽Ǳ߷顣
ԭžȻɳ˴ŵӣǶΧˡȻη⽭Ƕġץݡ
ң·⽭УҲͷ
϶㹻ݣ֡Ҳ㹻
һ壬ߵҲܾ
½£ǴСһʱֻҪɱ½ԵõѪħ̵ľ޴ôһܽԣĴǣҲС
ɹˣôţΪⷽԲΨһǿɣ
ʱ򣬿ԭ顭Ҳһ飡
ϵ֣͵ˣڷ⽭˵Уǵ꣬»缸ʵݡ
һ㣬ŵĵӣԴ̬ȣԿ
īţȻȻǱ뵽һҵ̣˳һСͨҲռĵͼ


732 Ҳԣ
Ϊ̫󣬵ͼǺбҪĶ
ī֪ģŵĺΡ
źΣĵʮƫԶҪûеͼĻīҪ˳ҵҲҪһЩۡ
˿̣īУʮָлٱˣҪ͸ԼһݴûаٱҪˮǱУ൱ѣ
Ļô޷˷һİУҲ˷֡
ʮֻϡһƬȺɽҲͺͺģ־޴ʯͷ
ī΢΢üŵ൱㣬ΨǲͬóīЩ֡
ʱȴǺȻɢһ΢ĲųīϽӽΣǹɲЩǿˡ
īʱס˵ֵطòʲôɣ
󣬳ī÷ˮͨе֮һƬȺɽ
һȻóīһŵ֣ﲢûʵϣططȣҲ١Щոһ֣һһա
¹ӦʱһطԵûû
ѵ˵طһıﲻɣ
īﲻˡ
ĺΣǰʮﴦ
ľǳǿ󡣶ʮΡǳīոն֮ĻԲЩɢĲһ
ÿһ϶ԼصԽΪǿˣԽǿ
һߵĿǴ϶ص
ֻǿĻôһˣԸӦ
ȻʿҲ޷ӦЩԼߺ֮ܶͬڷˮͨеĶű졣
һˣôеķλ֮£ǻֲһʡ
ڵ㣿īĥ
ԽԽֿܣ⽭ҲƶͲԸɴץ˷һˣص
ǡ½Ļ϶Լͽܣ˵ͻðǰӪȡ
һôȴ֮Ч塣īš
Ȼתͷֻȥˡ
ѾŪεڣûбҪʱðʧĴȥΪһںſڣȻһᱻ֣
ԣīֱ˻صΰ￪һСϡ
СϣסȫеһЩײļܶͳŹϽĵطһСҲû̫
īʱһŵӵĴ磬ҲԵͻأ
ΪСϣвŵڻұ˴˼Ҳ໥ʶ棬໥ͷǴкһк
īһƹݣȥСˣһƣ
ƹʱ˲࣬Ⱦơ
һˡȫŵӵװ磬ȥ˲پƣϻЩ˵ġ
λʦ֣Сپλʦһһʮҵˣòͦģ˫Щ룬ЦĿˣǸˣ
ʦܣϣҪֵȥͷˡҲ̫࣬£ܵ𷣡һ곤ЩŵȰ
¸ëòƲƲ죺ǸС椣Ǳ֮ˣһٷԡҲģ
ǺǣʦǳϵĶӣȻʲôǸе°һŵЦŶƱ˵ľƱһ£Ȼһ
˿ЦʲôϵĶӡλʦҲҪЦô˽ӶѡҪĵճ˻죿
ʦҲô˵ô˵ܳҲĲʦܵġε¼֮ʦܽšҲָտɴˣ곤Щŵ˵
һŵӵͷǰܸʦһõ£ȫʦܣҾһ
Ʊյġ
īȫڶУ뵽ԭˣϾҪΣȥͷҿһᡣ
ţī㿪ʼǸʦܵľֹ
ųϵ˽ôˣ
ǱֺһᣬӾƹֱӽ·һСջ
ջ󣬴߰׵СԺˣֱ߽СԺѾﶨõġ
ī滹֣ҪһԺҲˣΪһԺ棬ϵĿͷ
ˣȻҪףֻϢһ¶ѣõ
Ƭ֮󣬳īͿŨױĨŮӣֱԺӡ
īڽֱߵľϣĿɿڴֱŮʧԺӵſڣīŻعǳ鴤ŵҲԣ


733 
û뵽ϽµСϣȻƤ⣿
ʵҲǳīеټˡ
ɣϵ£˼߰ʮЩΧġ˵֮ǰ֧ð֣Ҫ
ôӴһɣͬһĴǣ
ĵطƤ⣬ֱˡ
վŵˣԴлȡԴһЩûرõ츳ûرǿıµˣȻȥһЩС⡣
һ磬ҶͨһЩԪһֶͨΣȡԴҲͲΪˡ
īľ˴ԼʱſŨױĨŮӣ̴СԺ߳һ磬ȥͦġ
λô
սһ㡭ϴϴ˺þءλأ
ðɣʹһʯ
ۡʯˣ
˵ʱ䣬ס˵Ҳÿ춼أ
ˣλôŵĺܣҡҽܽøޣǲҪ
ˡλãˣ
Ǻð
Ůӣһţһˡ
īһܣûʲôˣһֱӽ֮ǰλʦܵԺ
λʦܣҲǸոǸˡŮ̵λ
ٶ𣬷ΣǸӡ
īţȻӽλʿķ䡣
Գīľ磬ȫϢЩŵܹġڸոջ˲¡
ˣֱīˣѾվλʿǰȻڴϺ˯
ǺǣûûͦõġīЦ˵һ䡣
˭ܵʿȻ۾һֵĿվǰİˣҪѲĲΪһʿˡΪǸͨˣпܻѹ
ԷȻҲһŵӣʿʱ־ŭ˭ģ˭
īǰѽӸˣλܵʿ˵Ͱϣ
㣿ܵʿʱŭɶȻҲһŵӣݵλʮ⣬кܶ˶ڴʵһλϵ˽ӡ
ʵϣҲȷֻȷµ˲ࡣ
ԼУǺеġ
ɻû˵ʲô˱ֱ˹ȥ
īԼΪ֮жλܹ㹻ĻǾܽ˵ȥġ
󣬳īֱóһŵҩֱι
һŵҩ㹻ڵʿ˯һһҹˡīʱ䣬㹻ˣ
ժʿƣֽԺӣ編ƣڶԷ֮ǰͱֱסȻι˵ҩǵ
˯ɣ˯һǻᷢȻáīЦеԺϣҡ
ܿ죬ɫīվаٱʿֱ˳ȥ
һ·ۣܿ죬ӽ˺Σһ·ϣīܹܵкܶ˫۾ĬĬעīϣȴκο־塣
ܿ쵽˺εſڡ˵ſڣʵһѨڡģûʲôζȴһɭֲĸо
վסһͳ󣬺ſڳһʿ
īľʿȻһ۷ʿ
ʿУһ״ӣпһݲ͵ִˡ
⽭ΪץסҲɷѿˡ۷ʿš
ݡ۷ʿųīĿУûκβ˵һ䡣
īĬĬʳзڵϣȻƵȥ
۷ʿӹһۣȻüͷӦ𣿡
īͷ˵λʦ֡еˡ
ƨ۷ʿ̲סһ䣺ŵĵӣԽԽˣ飬Ҳ͵ͷһҪȥ
𡭡ǧ𡣡ī̧ͷһĿλ۷ʿ߶µĵʦ֣һᱻ
Щ˰Ǹ߳ĳë˰ˣֻҪʲô⣬ҲùЩ£۷ʿüͷЩɸֵĿһ۳īȻʳҲûм飬ֱӷˡ
ллʦ֣ллʦ֣īȭҾȻʳУֱ˽ȥ
۷ʿطӦȫģ
ֻҪǸ½ûз;ðգһ㣬ʱԥߣжϳ
½ǸõŵµĺˣôΪԼͽܣ͵
۷ʿЩɣ½Ƿ᲻ŪˣЩŲ飬ϵϣµۣ˵ݣֱӹһ顣
ŵ˺ܶ࣬һ£Чȴһ㶼
һݡһ飬Ȼû½İϢ
ҪôŪˣҪô½ĳطصúŪһȺǿߣȫ޵ĺθв۷ʿ︹ţ̾Ϣһʧ


734 ԪӤ۷ͽ
īʳУͨǽǶŵҹɢ΢âȥ
ͬʱǰĲ棬ɢųīطһıīжЩе֣˵طűĻô̫꣬Ӧһ֪
طȫͬ£̫ŶԷԴ˺޲
ʱ򣬳īһ¡֮ǰЩۿУԷᵽεʱƺźǿҵĿ־塣
ʱīֻΪһηŵ˵󶼱˶ѡЩ˶ԺεĿ־壬ƺΪΪط
ѵ˵ɽеη棬ʲôɣ
īţȻ롣
ԽߣīԽָоηȻ
ûвʾīҲܸоĲһ㡣Ϊӵзˮͨ־ѧ
طͨȥѾкܾõˡȴʪǽϣҲûһ̦ڡ
ʱ򣬳īеɫ̨ϣ֮ƬͻȻе궯ͬʱһֱڲĻ¯еһ𣬾ȻҲŲīһϢ
Ҫ
ʱֳ֮һָīʱûһ㷴ӦȻΪ֮ǻ֮ԴзӦ
ڣ𴫵ݳʮǿҶͼɫ̨һƬҲͬʱ궯
ô£
īţϵ룬ԽԽ
īЩȣߵȻ죬Ҳӽ붴Ѩһ̿ʼѾнӽһʱˡȻûߵεľͷ
Ѿʮ˰ɣīЩԾ뵽
ʱǰͻȻ˼η
ôīţȻ⼸η濴ȥ
ηһļ䣬ǰ䣬ȫǿŵģ沢ûڡ
ηУ澹ȻѺˡ
īһ۾ͿˣȫǷ
УȻ˴ڣīвһ뵽֮ǰǸ˵Ѿܶûˣ˵ˣѾܶô
ڳīĳ֣ηеˣȫû˿Ӧһ
ϴ΢īĻʬ塣
ȫ񣬲ϸΪ߰һƤõǡ
īòһˣīһ˵ʱ򣬽һ
ԪӤ۷壿
ţ֪ߣȻһԪӤ۷ǿߣôܣ
ûгԽԪӤĴڣһ̤񾳽磬ͱҪɽȥԪӤ۷˵ѾĴˡ
Ĵڣ˵ҲǺ㣬Ҳ޵СҲʲô˶ԽǸסѹġ
ǡǰ㣡
ҪѹһԪӤ۷ǿߣҪͬʿп⻹ҪֹΧɱԱ
ԪӤʿԱɲģԪӤ۷ʿԱǸǻֱӻȥһأ
˵򲻵ѣ·ϾԱ֮󣬻ɢڳĨԼϵкۼǰηߣīвɰ֪³ʮʿ»оŸѡԱ˽ԼͬҲŶԷһ
Գīڿߵ֮зǳ𾪣ֱӲ²⣬⵽˰㡣
ʱ򣬳īֿһߡ
һԪӤ۷ʿ
ȻѺԪӤ۷徳ʿ
īе𺳣֪
ǳīͣʱ΢е㳤һߣͻȻ䷢һɳƵСһһ
īͷ뵽Էܿǿڵǵġ
ŵĵӣһ䡣
ī룬˵ΣΣ
طŵĵӣӦýġҪŵʳеζ㡣һ˵ô໰ƺЩƣһ
ʱ򣬶ηһФ㶼ҪˣȻųԣ
УңЦ
СһʳʳңҴһͨг˵УҲ͸Ŷʳһ˿
У϶ҪҪⴵţͨͨᱻФЦų
ޣʿ˵ͬͨһ㣡ôأҧңлػ
īһԭΪԪӤ۷ĴʿһģȻôᶼڿˡƺ·
ˣϻˣϲһӣ˷ⲻǸǹＸˣԼѾɽңȥˡȴΪһͨĳʳȥ˼𣿡Фһ˵ôĻ˶Ե÷ǳƣ
īȴͻȻоǱ뵽ƺ֪˹˲õܣ


735 Ӣ
ʱФȻٺЦʵҾǺ棬һˣôܽ뵽صĺңŵӵ·ԲűƱˡôֻǡ
Ϭһ㣬˵ǰ챻ͽǸСŮޡ
Фʱ򣬺ȻӵΡΡߵηţžɵˣһ˫ųīȻСһ˵˵ôģſڲû
ʱ򣬶УҲ˿ųī˵˵ʲô飿ǸСŮô£һİɣ
ī˿ͷˮ˵ûرԼݣҲû뵽ҪԪӤ۷Ȼŵĵӣ
ǵôģ
ѵƾոԼ˵Ǿ䣺ΣΣ
Ҳ̫һɣ
٣Сһǲе棬ô³㲻ŵӵģФٺһЦųī˵ܼ򵥣κһܹ뵽εˣһСӣǰҲԻᱻ֪ǵηſͣ벽Υֱնɱٺ١ţ˵ŷ⽭ǸС֮⣬ЩǣҲͣ벽
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ʱУߵģʵӢϴФ
ƷʵԼΪ˴еФһ
һⲻ䣬ҪΪŵϣ÷ǳã
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736 
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Էⲻ䲻λãʦָߡʱⲻı֣ȴ룬ȫһ
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໥ְ㣬¶Ӷǿʿ䵱ɱ֡
ǰѳīĿɿڴǰϼһĺ󣬵ʦֵ໥ʱĳ档
һⲻȴһֱŵ͵ɴչزƺѾ׷˶λõᣡ
һⲻФеУȻõǸˡ
˶õⲻ֧֣ΪֻҪõⲻ֧֣ô֮λ
˱˴˼˺ܶ꣬һ·ӢȫԪӤ۷徳磡
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пЦⲻ䶯ġ
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Ф˵浱ʱһЩָ㡣ҲԵˡǣʹӦһЩ顣磬ѪˣǲСĴǸطһ档


737 һϣ
ⲻ䡭һĺ˶԰ɣīʵ
ǵġФͬشȻͬʱһЦЦУȴǴ̾Ϣ
Ҳ˵ⲻ佫Ǹطֱ֮ȥƱ˻ȻǻϵϢֱӽشīʵ
ûҲҿǵʱ൱׼ҴһȻǱֵܳʱΪⲻˡ滹ǳѹ˭뵽ⲻͳǰȻֱӶǳ֡ФЦ㲻֪ʱжôȫûκһԥ̼䣬ͽסʱУûп˿ֵ֣Ҹ̸£һֱΪⲻ϶ںǰѾƺһСȴûɱǣûнǳ׷ȥֻüΪֶΣӡǡǸһ
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ǡͻȻʧѵûʣʱǹǵʱеӰһˣ¾ܽҴɣīɡ
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īһˣȻȻЦ˵ɣǻʲôԸ
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738 
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ȣ˵ݣӦòм١ط֮ǰŵЩҲ˵ѾкܶûáŵˣԺƺȫһĿ־;ηҲŵĽء
ФˣӦòᱻŶԡ
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ơţ˵ʲôīһηı飬СĿǰ˵ҡǹͷġ


739 
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šôˣңҲʲô½īһίڷ⽭ƺҪ˵ӡ
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740 ⽭
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ˣĳ֣ȫǡƾôʣûлشһ䡣ʵô⽭ҲѾϰֳ档Ҳûָ˻ش
ǶˣҪ⽭е֡
תһ룬ҲͲˣΪˣѾмꡭûгԹκʳˣ
Щɵ⽭ȻûԳīеģԣŻڰʱ֮۷ȥڣ⽭ǳ׷ˡ
֮뿪ΪиҪҪȥ
Ҫһö񵤣
֮ǰ⽭ѪħʨӴ󿪿ڣҪЩԴķѪħֱӸһ롣
һԴѾ㹻⽭һöˣ
ν񵤣磬ĵҩûܹɹƳ⽭Уȴһ񵤵ĵ
棬ƾһֱ죬ɹɽ硣ⵤճӵܡҲΪʲôôȥȻƿŵĸԭ
ΪšܣȻƿڷҵУ
񵤵ĵʵ
⣬ǷܣҲţܡ
⽭֪Ѫħ̵ǿҲǷǳļɵһ˶һ˼ɵһ̶ʱֻֽ
һԶݡ
һɱˡ
⽭ѡɱˣҲҡ
֪ѪħĻŻѡɱˣ֪
ԣѡԶݣ
һɹôɹ٣ɽļʾͻ߳ɵİգ
ԭĵ̣͵ӵʮϵİաһʧ
ʱֻҪɹɽ磬³׶Ͼ˹ϵʱѪħ߳ŭҪŵ鷳ҲҪΪ˸ĴǷֵá
ϾҲʲô
ѪħôԵҲ˷ɽɣ絽ˣѹƲסɲҲ¡
⽭ľ⣬Ѫħٴδߴ٣Ѿȣǻ¶ģһǵѪħԳ֣Ҳûκλˡ
ԣ⽭¶˾ġҪһ


741 Ҫű
īηһᣬʱġͻȻ俪˵ƣ
īšһֱվɲĿתԼġôһʱȻݵˮ׼ѾܸߣȥһǧĵŮʵϣ֮òҲ͸а˾ŷ֮
էһƺ񣬵īָǳϤˣһ۾ܿʲô֪£ִ֮䣬ǳīҪֱҪȷȥĻҲпܱ͵Ϯ֡
㡭㲻ǸˣôǸˣīһֵĿǰˡ
ǺǣҪ£Լˡ
ǰŮ¶һĵЦݣȴһ˵һʮֹĸо
īһؿڣȻ˵ˣˣŵֶǸ̫ˣ
Ȼˡ˿һ۳īȻЦ֮Ըк½һ֣ҶֵʱΪǸŮˣȻҳ֣¡
ģ֪ˣ϶Ϻīһ˵
ʲôֻҪʲôͿˡһŵĵ
īͷȻ˵ȻǡǸŮǱɱ𣿡
ûСѾѳīŵĵӣҲûȴһĵ飬Ҳʹ˻ϻӣīȻĻƽ࿴һڵŵӡ
ǸŮ˱ŮӾסΣյĵطʵҲȫġźǣ֪ġԣŮ˹½벻ġ
īͷ¶ֳ֮ɫŵȷǡ棬л𣿡
Ҫ˵˵ɫʱһľطܣڻ飬κἰңҲҪἰһŭ˻棬ɳе֮ǰѾŵĶԻǰηйŵˣӡ
īһ̱ܽ飺ǰܸҽ˵ҾǺÿ
ЦһͲ֪귢ʲôȻ˵ǿ
ҡһ㶼û˵ī˵
㵱Ȼ˵Ϊĳţ֪ˣȫ˷ȻѾȥҲ౻ŵʷˡ˵˵
ǰܸҽ𣿡īһ֪ʡ
Ҳգ㳤ʶ˱ī̬Щģģī
ˣһФһУӱӦöҵʦһŷⲻʦΪӢǾž޵š
ԪӤʿһֱڷһϵˣأΪ֪֪Ҳ൱ࡣ
īĽФе˵໥ӡ֤Фн飬󲿷ֶʵġ
Ψһгĵطȴһ̽¡
Ф˵ȻʦӢʵڵ꣬˶ûнʦǿλã϶еһΨһ⣬ǲʦݣŵԣҪʦǣʦһ̽ΡȻʦȥǱӡ
ī⣬а鴤ǣ˵⻹ǹ˵˵ߵ˵ýȻ෴
ôīţȴһⲻ䱧ƽ
˵ͷ̾Ϣһ˵ڵ꣬һţǧûй¡ֵǽƲʦʦҲɵϣһǣһ߷ͷҲˣΪФв֪ʦһһֱ֮Լ
īһ
˵ʦʱȻΪҪΪţȴҪɵФΪż֮ͬ꣬һֱûж֣˭֪ʱȻԼ
īǳ˳飬˵ԣ²ųΪĳţû˸ᣬ𣿡
ΪʦȿȡʵҲʲôܱܲҪ㣬ȴ޶԰ɣ˵ţȻ˵˵ʦѾ御ˣûĽնɱȻĻܹӲдգ
˵Ҳǡīһߵ˵ҵʱǣѷʳ͸ǣ벻ǾȻˣǸɱ
ǰˣ˱ĥ˼꣬ʦҲѾɽ磬ҲܵӦеĳͷҡͷЦЦԼסԺһҪκˣе·ϣʲôʴʲôͬ鶼ǼٵģΨ棬ġ
˵ţųīҡҡͷҸһСһ˵ôʲôˣŰɡҼװģҲ֪½Ǹ˵ʲôʱ
˵ţֱӼתͷȥװӡӣһ
īıӰԥһ£һ̾ԲˣȻܲ׼֮ˣȻֻ֮ͬȴҪɱҡҲֻΪǿˡҡɱ㣬飬ȫûа취
ţī˲䱬һǿϢֱӳССη
ٰ緽ԪӤʿҪӦΪʱ
߱Ĺâһð䷽ԪӤʿ˲촦âһն˵ޱȾ׼Ľ˵ԪӤ롣
˵öԣһҪκˣʲôʴʲôͬ飬ǼٵġīССηеһѪȣ̾Ϣһת뿪


742 
նԪӤʿ·⽭ܿͻԣĶҪ졣
ī߳ηʱ򣬿Ǿ޴ռеĻ΢΢һ˵Լʾ˵ԱշôǲҪȥһ£
īţܿ˾
Ȼľãһǳǿıӹɡ
īֱӳǻķ˹ȥٰգоһǿϢǻϱ
ţһɱǿīľʶУȴϢ⺮ˮȻûƭңյԼ뿪˰ɣ
īжʱһĵ⺮ˮ˭ĪŵĿɽ治ɣУ仰ʲô˼ʲôյԼ뿪
ڳīķӦҲǼģµ˵뿪ﲻ٣ȴʲô⺮ˮ޹أ㱻ƭˣ
ʲôǵ˲ͿɢǹɲҪóīСľʶ
ؼʱ̣īУһصһϽɫâһ
ʱǹѹǿ󵽼µӳīľʶϳȥ
īһɲǣƺодһɼǿĿ־塣
㡭ǣþɲֱӽīľʶУǻ޴Ŀռз
ţûȳīش𣬱ֱӴӻ¶Ρ
һɵľ޴ȼܵĻ档ǰɫƬڻ֣˸Ž⡣
ͷ߸߰һ˫޴ۣע˵ͬϵĳī
ְڳԣעųī˵ϣôϢĪǡЩ˵ˣǡǲô
һ˫޴УɻĹâֹš
īʼձųĬʵһ䣺㵽׶֪Щʲô
ȴ֪ˣҲġǼɵģͿ֪ǾһɵĻ⣬ἰġ
ˣСӣ㣬ոǾ仰ʲô˼ʲôұҵƭˣųīȻûгųīͷ޴ɽһ壬ǻһѹ
īҲ⣬ȻܸܵεѹȻû˹涨ԽԽǿӾϵĳǲɱġ
ʲô˼Ǻǣʲô˼ѵô˵㱻˼ҸƭˣĸԸ˼ҵػܶꡣϧΪ˱ڲ֮ī˵ҲԼʲôҼȷϵˣ
˵ЩǾ޴ͬɽһ䶯ʮֿ£⺮ˮͬ飬ôƭң
ǺǡīЦһûлش
㵹˵˫޴۶ųī㲻ܸһĴ𸴣ˣĸЩйϵֵطɱһûгɳ࣬⣡
īŻЩɫģа뵽ϸ֮ԼԻ˵شոջ˼ƺϵɡ
ţī¶һЦݣǰвһ˵ûκве㲻̫ɣ
ЩûõĻֻ֪ƾʲô˵ƭң䣬忪ʼٵ䶯˸Žľ޴ƬÿһƬ϶̺ž޴ɱ
ãȻ֪αƭġīţȻ˵ܼ򵥣ѵǵԼԭԭĸ˵һ顣ǿ飬Ϊʲôֵط
ī˵ţƺЩҪĻ˵ҪػɵĻʵʵĸҡǰĹؼϢˣ԰ɣôǲǷ⺮ˮˣӦöԾȥǲأ
ˣҲһ㶣漴뵽ƺǿŷ겻ģҲһ˲䣬ƽ
ĵĿһ۳īȻ˵ãҿԸ˵ЩҪģ뿪
һ뿪Ҫ֪ʼĩ뷢ģ˵Ķģƭҵģī˵Ҳһ׼ǿƥ뿪
ĬһᣬȻ󻺻˵ðɣҿԷģ
󣬻ϷģԼƭī˵ÿһ䣬ʵ
īŷʵ棬Ҳд㡣
ȣƵ£лһǿİھͽһЩ˾ۼߡȻԷĴ󵨵ľӪһ
Ҫκ˵в͹
ΪƾֵطӦûκĶ֡
ԣīҪƵԼ


743 
ųī˵ΪһЩԭ򣬱ӡ
īŻ룬ʲôĴڣܽһǿƥֱӷӡһƱ棿
һ˱ջ𡭡߳ܵ¡˵仰ʱһ˫޴У¶ֲĹâ
ţīӻĿУһ׮
ԭ磬еһԱʱ磬ŲС£ﵽ׳ʱҲ̤۷塣ЩһսȻֹ
һǿĶ֣Ȼʹ޲ܽʬΣȴòϣöࡣ˵壬ƵǿƾҶȫĶ֡ҶͨǸһƯŮӣͨǿҾ
Ƕôīʵ
ֻ֪֪Ӧһ¡һƵĵս֮ǲûɱңֱóһƱ˵ǰҷӡƱ棬ȾƵʱ򡭡Ͳ¾ˣģ֪жɶ𣿡
̲ס
īǳ鴤ţȴ̲סŵʱֻ档
һɳľȼŻ棬ȥޱȡȴ̸ЦܣӡһƱ档Ϊ˿Բ¾ơ
⡭ֱ̫š̫ˣ
ī϶ᵱŻֳ˼ϣ¶ֳʹ֮ɫ˵ȷǿɶ񰡣
ǶԸŮڷӡ֮Ҳ˱Ӧϣ¶޵ı飬˵֮˲õǿУǸ˴ǸŮˣҲֱӱץˡ
īû뵽龹ȻתۣһʱЩͬʱҲں棬ŮݣԼΪʲôͻȻǿС
˵ַӡһĴڣ磬Ҳּ֮
Թ˵ģڹؼʱ̣ӡҵıֱӳ磬Ȼ󡭡ľƱ棬һ·ɽ磬䵽硣
ī֪
֮ұӡƱкܶ꣬޷ɡֱһ죬һʿ˵
ŶŵĿɽ⺮ˮ𣿡īʵ
ҡҡͷһʿǸʿֻнڵʵ˵ţһ۳īڵľ࣬ȴҪΪһѻˡ
ī̲ס˸ۣа
˵мʿ˼벻ɾĲôҽ⿪ӡȫҪβշҡٺ١Ⱥϣ棡ұӡƱ棬ѵͿԱշˣ
īŻ뵽˵ҲеϾһǿô׾ٵıշ¾磬ûжܽɣôΪʲôҡԽշأ
⺮ˮЩҪշҵʿҲû̫Ĳͬ˺һǣʱҵǿ󡣡˵⣬¶ֵ֮ɫ˵ǣڵһʱ䣬շҵ뷨תҵˡ
ϵˣī뵽ȴʲôû˵ѾӺܽҲԴ
ҸԼҿ԰ػɣȻ󴫸һЩΪرҪڽĳһ죬һϢҽ⿪ӡ˵⣬īϣӵеϢѵĲҵģ
īǿ׳һĿһۻÿôΪ˵еһԱѵԼжٸϢˣ
ʱ
Ȼ֪ϼϢˣʿļ䴫УǴδֹġ
ȴ֧ȫġҲΨһϣ
Ϊˣһ߰òڵǽͷ­һһʿ̸СȫϣǸ˵ϡ
Լô꣬ǱǸ˸ƭˣ̲סӿһޱȷŭſ޴ڣҪһŭ
īһæֹסͣͣһвҪҿ϶ᱩ¶⺮ˮȻƭȴûƭǰҾ֮䡭Ժú̸̸
ͱϣȻž޴ۣųīСӣòҲ֮ǰЩһ뷨ɣӦףȻӡƱУҪɱ㣬ȴ׾١
īͷȻ˵Ķԣ¾ԶʧȥɵĻᡣ٣ȵһϢ˳֣֪Ҫ꣬ǡңңڡ˵𣿡
Ĭţһ˫У˸𲻶Ĺâ˼


744 һ
ãŻ˵˵öԡ
һ£Щͳ˵ǸļһȷӦƭңϢʿѰ˵Ǽڡұӡ꣬ӶЩˡ
ǰвСī̧ͷԼһ㣬Ȼ˵һ㶼ҲʵؼǻҪƵԼ
ʵҲǺƣû̫ĻīԸ⻹ɵġ
˵ųī
ī˵ȣҪ֪ܽ⿪ķӡ
һ£űЩŭ˵ˣ⿪ҵķӡҪϢһҪӵд޽ɵľ磡
īʱһĿŻãų鴤˵ں֪ŵĿɽ浽׸˵ʲôģ
еʧЩε˵Լˡ꣬ӡҵǶŮΣ֮ʱ׳ǸŮӵʱ˵һ仰
Ŷīüҡ
˵һ죬һɵġӡҵʱ䣬͵ǶССĳͷЩ鲻Ը˵Ҽ˷⺮ˮ֮˵һ죬һҡʱ򣬾𡭡ǸŮӵĻӦþҵġ
ĻīȻЩ˼ĿŻѵ֪硭ִܳ޽ɾʿ𣿡
ҡҵȻ֪һۣȻ˵ӡҵӿԱȥ硣
ȻˣǸΪʲô뿪أīʵ
ϢˣȻĻ޷ƱԽ˵ԽƣҲԽС
ī⣬̲סȻʧЦ괿ľ˷⺮ˮĵνϣԽʧҲԽʵǸʱ̫õˡڽɱ˼ʿ֮Ʊķ⺮ˮ׵׵ĺסˡ
⺮ˮҲãϻӲһ̣ӡ˵ǷȻ󣬾͹ʹĴӦ˶Է
ҪɱˣʱҲѾһеĻ̲ס
īʱһ˵һɣﾭæ˵ʵǸȻƭҲûʧʲôңƭɹ￪һɣô죬Ҳδػ˵𣿡
˵ġȷЩһ˫۾ųīȻνССһңŻʱͻȻī⣬ʵôطѵŵĵӣ
˵ţȻըգۣŵԣ㲻ŵĵӣ㻹ɱǵˡΪʲôҪ˵ҷŭɲ𣿡
ʵûô޴ī˵Ӧ⺮ˮӻɣӻһĺˣ˵ʵҲûʲôʧǱƭ֮ĸоŭѡΪ⺮ˮûƭҲʲô仯
ī˵⺮ˮûƭĻīҲδػһһģ춨
īЦЦҸеһЩǵ˲٣ɵ˶ңУұҪȳء
գ˫ۣųīȻ˵Ϣȥ츳׿޽ɵľ磬Ӧò⡣˵ɣҪôܰҽ⿪ӡ
ϣܰػҵˣΪرҽһ·ɽ磬ҵΪ޽ɾһ죬һ⿪ķӡعɣī˵ҿԷġ
ųī˼һᣬ˵ͷ˵ҿԴӦ㣬ڱӡƱУ޷뿪Ʊ̫Զľ롣
īŻԶ뿪Զ
룬˵ʮɣ
ʮɣ㹻ˣ
룬һСɵôˡ㹻ԼЩˡ
뵽⣬īʵˣǰڻܷӳٵ
һ£˵磬ȻҪܵѹƣұҲҪܵӡѹơԣԷӳ൱ڵǵɽ磬ӦÿԷӳ۷
ǵأīһ䡣
磬ҿԷӳ޽ɵЩ˵Ƿӡ⿪ڵΪӦò۷ʵˡ
ӡʱ򣬾۷ľ𣿡īɢϢʿֱӻ̲סʵ
ɳڡش
ī̲סһЩȵĿŻҲ˵ӡ֮ľ硭
Щε죺ӡҵ˵ҵƢ̫꣬ӦԣΪкô
˼ʵڰ㣿īǳ鴤ţж
һҲŲҪǰңҪɣɣ


745 ԪӤʹ
īͷϸֳߣȻͷðɣ˵ʲôʲô˿̳īãһػߣǿһ𹥴ӦҲԱ֤ˡ
īûûߣȻһ·еˡΪһǷ»̫飬ҶԼ֮·Ҳûκκôʱˣγ
ҽ̫˵һ¡
ڣҪ飬лߣīνʮ㡣
󣬻˾ƱУī߹ȥƱûκѡīҲЩΪʲôʾֱӽշ
ԭƱϢʿ˸ò
뵽⣬īкȻһЩͷôȥרΪ׼ģ
ţīȻʧЦԼʵЩ쿪ˡ
ôеĺ£Լأ
󣬳īûм飬ֱӷ𣬳źεȥ
·ηʱ򣬻ȻСӣˣҪҪһˣˣ
ҲԣīЩȡ棬ԭʹ˾˳ȥĴ㣬ûԪӤֲʵʵĻ룬Ÿҡ
ȻЩĻشǵң
պָųī⿪ӡأ˿ȻҪֳһԼļֵ
ǿԵĻҵȻԸ⣡īһ䡣˵ķӡʵīͬԽ⿪ԪӤ۷徳ʿ磬ǶĴڡĴڣ˵ˣīĵĺܡ
ãҵģһ֮󣬾û˶
ʱηФˣҲѾ˳ī
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Ϊڸոգŵŷ⽭ոմҴȥûκͣߺФȻû˵īеֵǡ
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ī˸ۣ˵ƾվһᣬǼۣͶ϶ҲŵӡȴȻûǸʲôСŮޣһ˼ٰģ
ϸ룬Ҳֲǣٰ緽Ǹ˽ʱ򣬿϶һҴҾͽ뵽Ѩô֪ࣿ
īû˵أͿͻȻ¶֮ɫ
ʱФɫȻ䣬ɫ˾֮ɫ
ͬʱηеУͬҲɫ䣬һȻ֮ɫ
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Фո֮ЩС϶۲ʶɣˡ
ԸΪ˵ˣΪЧͣУҲ˵һ𾪵Ļ
īȻ֪ЩĪֶΣȴû뵽ô졢ôЩԾ
ʱ򣬻Գīľʶ𣺡ôɣ
˵ʲôīɻʵôӦ
Ҹǣ·֮ӣΪԽ⿪ӡһԸһ磡ʮֵĵ
ô򵥣īЩţΪ⼸ûʲôֱȻīȷǡФȴ֪
ǣ֪ңôҲţȻ˵
īʱЩȻФУԸΪ
Ը⣡
С϶Ը⣡
ͬĻش
ǺãñԪİɡīҲ¡
ФȫñԪģԶᱳѳīˡ
Ԫԣ˿ü٣һΥؽٲʿϿһԣѰ˾׷ԡ
һ¡ī˵ţ߱ȡ
ʱ򣬳īȻоеĻһɾ
ⶫôϣ̲סһ
īûлش𣬻Ӷ߱죬ֱӽηնȻ߱ջءȡƿҩݸФˡ
ÿƿһҩ֮ǵķӡܿͻ⿪ī˵
лˣ̲סҪлīס
ҲĴڣȻΪҲûҪ¹ҸϣܾʰĽóʿķ緶ī˵
˷ּФй˵ȫ˸м֮ɫ
ûо˵Ǵ˿̵顣Ѻôֲ꣬ӡԭΪκϣõĽⰵյ֮С
īĳ֣ȴǻҰսһǿĹâ


746 
Фȫûκԥֱӷ˵ҩƿеĵҩȫûлɳīƭǣΪûǸҪ
ŵػ񡪡ԷˣȤкӲдϼһ
ⲻ䵱ַȻܸվܵΪơˣڳīǷӡŵҩԳ忪еķӡ
ʵҲˣФ˸ոշµҩûãϱ㱬
ǸɱƤͬһѸٱóӯҰܵɫҲٱúһǿϢ˳ǵ壬ɶƵıŷ
ѹԪӤ棬ػ
ʱոջصչ֮أ׼񵤵ķ⽭ͻȻɫһ¶֮ɫͬһ̣ɲǼʧڱչ֮أźεķ򣬼۶
ֱ̣쵽˼飡
⽭֪ˣ
ǳ˴£
ԪӤ۷Ϣֱͬҹеһ㣬̫ҫۡ
ʵϣڸոФ˸յһ˲䣬Ŷˡ˵⽭ֶԪӤܣЩڵĵӣȫоһļµϢ
ڵʿָоԣеĽʿǹϢһ˲䣬ȫսս޷վ
ڷ⽭ɳȥһ˲䣬ų׺䶯ȫ֮߳أη
⽭ڸϸε·ϣȴƶϣϢԭ
ʵϣڸܵϢһ˲䣬оѾ²⣬ȴԸš
ôأ
Ѿӡֻ꣬ʣһԪӲдϼһôͻȻָˣ
⽭ﲻϵţȻ뵽Ǹȥͷơ˼άһ˲䣬Ҫͣסһ
ѵ
⽭ʧг
뵽½
⽭ʵѾ϶½ݱǿ󣬲ȻĻôãûܷ֡ȴû뵽Էݵֶγ뻯ҾȻϢ
ȻĻһڵʿôɢڵϢȻƭ
½ұؽʬΣ⽭ҧгݣŽߵĺη¶޾ɱ
䣡
һ޴ĺֱӽ⽭ס
һɺ嫵ϢֱʣȻһѾ޴ɡֱӽŷԲǧﷶΧȫС
һɳƵ֮𣺡⽭СҪɱ˭
ಣ
һӰ𣬳ŷ⽭ֱӳ˹ֱӶԷ⽭֡
⽭ĿѣФ
ûûСĶʦФһŭ֣һ꼷ѹͷŭ
¡¡
ŵϿգһ
⽭Цһŵͽʲôʸҽʦ
˵䣬⽭ͬʱ֣
ԪӤ۷һͬСɡ
ǰФǿţΣ
Ѿǰ
⽭ҲѾɳΪľǿߡФܽԼһ
ȻФΣһײϵ󵹷ɶȥлһѪȥ˲ˡ
⽭˼ɣ㽫ɺǿж߿ա
֮ϣռ
⽭һĨмЦ˵ФȻҽ⿪˷ӡΣѾʱˣ
ôһ֮𣬽ţһӰնһţӢе϶С
ϺǣϲȻȫ⿪ӡƺָһʵ治⽭ϵĳ֮ɫŨЦǣոһ˲䣬ԶԶĶߣֱʲôʱ򳹵׻ָʵٻѩҲ١ϲںص̫ˣҲˣȻʱֱӶҳ֡ҾǼʶһ£ʲôк֮㣡
˵ţ⽭Уһޱۻƣֱӳȥ
һһѳУкնȥ
ǵҪն貶ĿĹԣ
ȥɣϼһ⽭
ȴǻȻ壬ЦŵĹұСֱ죡
˵ţܿ⽭һȻֱӸ⽭һͬʱǱߵФҲٴγ
յţͬ⽭֮㡣
ϲҪĶһôʱԶٴһȴǷ⽭Ķӣ⻪ˡ
ŷ⻪һģдŵĳϵһڸ߲㡣
ʱȫսˣȫž֮ɫ
ΪЩȫһ޴ɻŵĽ֮ˣôģ
ʱѾкܶˣע⵽Ǳߵķ򣬻һˡ
һЩոŷ⽭һȥǵʿ˵һ˲䣬嶼̲סиǾޱȡ
һʿʧ½½


747 ɱ
ʱ򣬸ȫ˳īΡЩμīˣȻҲ˵ڽǵĿֲսϾûۼʴ沢û̫Ŀ־壬һֺ档
Ȼʹޣ
ˣž޴ͷŴУ
ʱ򣬷⻪ҧɱɱߣͣ
еͣȫĶʱȴһȤĳ桪ЩȥǵʿһЩ֮⣬ʣµЩȫɫ԰ףſںš
ϣɱ
ˣ½ɱΪͬű𣡡
ɱѽ
Ⱥ˺죬ȥҲʮ㣬ȴûһˡ֣
Щûȥǵʿ⻪Ļ֮һѷƵġֱӳųī˹ȥ
ȥҲƺƴ
һǿɣôûи֣
ԪӤڵʿв٣
Щûоǵ飬Ȼ֪ǰܶ˳Ϊɱ˵ж¡
ܿ죬Ǿ֪ˡ
ī̧ͷһͷеФСˣ⽻ˣ򲻵ѣְæ
˵ǵ˽
Ҳǵ
ǲֱ𣬵ıȻܵӰ졣ԣƴһˣҲҪƴ⽭
Ϊ˵ҲҪȼڰյĺǿ
ǰһȺԼʿһϢֱʣīǣ¶һĨЦݣֱ߱ӱС
ָءī߱죬һȺˡ
ĲƻʵȴǼ죬գۼ䣬Ⱥŵʿֻʣٶɵľ롣
ô룬Щʿ˵һ˲顣
ʱ򣬺ȥǵʿ̲סѵСġ˺ֲܿ
⻪ݺݵһ˵ˣǻվʲôϡɱ
ǡǣЩǳ鴤ţޱȲԸųīķȥ
īǼԪӤʿīӣһ̲סЦڳŻ˭أСɲʵ
īûлش־һ
꣡
ԪӤڵʿ䣬͸оԼͷƤһ̹ǵķ飬ţʲô֪ˣ
ǳɢһɲǣƺ˾ԪӤڵʿлЩ֣ôˣ
ЩУǰλԪӤڵʿոճһ䣬Ҳ֪ģԷٶȾȻ쵽˼飬һֱĿɿڴ
ֻһֱӽԪӤʿϵ£룡
壬ԪӤһ
гЩʿһ˲䣬ȫɵˣ𺳵üû˼
īһһԪӤʿȴûκͣ٣ֺһĨһ۷ʿͷ­ֱӸ߸߷һǻѪͬȪһֱӿ
Ѫ죬Ȼͬһĵ䡣
һĻʵ̫ġ
Ҳ׽Щʿ𺳵׷״ţīֱӷ˹
ǵĹֶΣννǿ
٣統Уûĸ۷ʿܵסһȺ˵һֹ
ϵģȴһʿеı̬ڣ
īսܼ򵥵þսʵǳԽͬʿ̫̫࣡
ͷ䡣
Ѫɺӣ
һĻٴ֣
ԭڸ֮ϣһжʮķ⽭һĻ۴Уˡƴ۵ɱ˭ɱֱӽ񵤵ĵʹ͸
񵤵ĵܣҲǷƿŵĵ֮һ
Ϊ˽īɱ⽭˵ǳ׻ȥˡ
ֻҪɱˣѪħǱߵĺôԲ٣⽭Ҳ˳˳ֱӷɽ磬ȥ׷Ĵ
ԣȻٴĴۣҲϧ
ʵϣ⽭ԻɱǸˣϧФͷŭʨӸסƴɱһǧ˰٣ҲҪ
⽭ŭɶ϶һҲ뿪
ФЦû뿪
дȵ⽭ССˣծӳǷǵģȴյϢ˵
룡⽭ŭȡ
ٺ٣ǽս⣬ҲҪһ˴кٺЦɲŻ⽭Ϊôģ
еսڼϵսӿֲ
գۼ䣬ΧīʿѾʮ
ŨŨѪ
Щ⻪Źʿһɫ԰ס૵ɱ񡭡ɱ񣡡
ɱֳˣˣ
Ų֡Ǳɣ
⻪ںñף˭ҳͷǵļ˶ۣ
Ѿвˣ⻪Ҳȷûиõİ취
ʱȻһعͷĸ˵ȥѷǸС˸ҴҵҪ½᲻ǧĵĵǰ


748 
īʱ˵ϣɢɱ߱ĵָܵУ
Ϊ˿־ǣЩŵʿȻûǳīһ֮Уڳīϣȴʲô˺
һЩ򵽳īϣһƤƲˣ
軹𣿡˷ĴУȻ󱻳īһն룬һ˫лȻ͸ž֮ɫ
澳֮壬еʮ𴫳СһʿȻ磬Ҳһصص˵磬һȫӦóֵĴڣ
ⲻȺһֻϻȺгһͷ
īսԽǵ˾ʱԽչֳǿ֮
һĹڳīµʿѾʮˣ
Щˣһŵľ
֮ǰڽһսʵѾʧأ֮һս
һΡأ
ȥ½ţͿҪˣ
Ϊǽһʷǰĵز
ȻɸոսʱҲû
˵춼ǸޱȻҰӡ
սڼɱ¾Ȼڼ
Щܵ⻪вʿ֪ҲòӲͷƤīһЩʮ㲻ʿͨԱشī
ǾǣԷٶȼֱ̫ˣͲκԱĻᣡ
߸ոҪǱ߱ĵѾնˡ
վڷ⻪ߵķ⽭ɽӶˣţȻô죿ô죿ǵһĴڣŽڰŽڰ
⻪ԼĲһĨ֮ɫаܣ
ʱ˽ֱӴ⻪У¶һĨ֮ɫֱӳȥ̧־һƣ
ž
һһʺİӡڷϡ
ȴһûԣǳ޵Ŀŷ⻪ЦҪɱɱ
⻪ݺݵһƳȥҧˣֹʦȻҾͰǹˣܾ
ħһĭ⻪
⻪ЦһȻ˵ã㲻˵˵
˵ţ⻪ȵ½ס֣
īһһڵʿһЩĿȫʧȥսʿȻ⻪ߣֱӿպ׵ķ
ī۾ʱ΢΢һУŷ⻪û˵
½˰ɣıͽܣھҵԹ־ܣȻĻҾͰǹˣһٸ׳ּ⻪˵ⷬʱ͸ŷһ˫ӶѪɫġ
īĿŷ⻪ʱһŵʿֱӻӽīŭȵ
һֱնī
͵Ϯ
ͬʱĸŵʿͬľٶ
ЩˣȫǾþɳģôŹǧѷĺû᣿
Ȼû뵽ǣīһֱעǵĶ򣬾⼸ʿֵһ˲䣬īе߱졭ֱӱһ貶Ŀİιâ
ն
ֱӽ͵Ϯʿһնϣ
ʱīееУӿԴԴϵ˲עīȫ
һ֮󣬳īޱĿǱЩķ⻪⻪һƴ㲻ҪǸôұ֤ڡ
Ȼ䣬ȴһв
⻪Ц㿴ҵ׸ҲôѾҪŸˣ˵ҸҲң
˵ţ⻪һ֣ȵҰǹ
ʱм⻪ĸҧЦСˣǣҪ־͹ʦ̫飡
屻ӡסɫޱȲ԰ףȴĴȵʦҪЭͷұ𣡡
ī̾Ϣһ˵ǰְɣ
ʱһ߿Ͽ
һɳĻ·ƾһ㣬˲С
ӿľ޴ͬһȼյɽڲ֮ϣֱӽһس׸ס
⣬޷͸
ˣȫɵˡĿɿڴͷ
⡭ǻ棡ţֱӹ
ţˣһֱӹڵءΪǵصΪеľη־壡
˭뵽˵ŵػ񡪡棬Ȼ¶ˣ
Ǵδй飡
һֱŵĵǾͶ֪Լһȴδ˼
˵ֻϱżȼջ棬峤ɡˣ⵱һ˵ˡ
û뵽ػ񣬽쾹Ȼˣ
īǾ仰ˣֻǴ˿̶ѾŴˣȫʧȥ˼
ˣǸ֪ǵػΪʲô
ڸФսķ⽭Ҳסˣ֣ͣɵɵȻ૵桭ô¶ˣ


749 ⽭֮
Ф˵Уȫϲɫ
֮ʮ㣬ΪĴڡ˿̣˴໥һۣһ⽭
ֻᣬͬã
⽭ŭһܿеһȴФһؿڣʱһѪ⽭ֱŭ桭ɱЩΪŵıͽ
ûлشֱһѹָסǼŵӡ
飡
죬ĸŵĵȻ飡
ΪֲǣǵȻ飬ȴһεĶǱ壬˿ûн䵽ϣ
һĻˣ
⽭ǿĿɿڴ󺰵桭ˣԼ˰
Ȼûлش𣬶ǽһѹֱָ˷⽭
⽭ʱоһɾѹ۵һֱһѪ˵塭Ҫɿµѹѹ顣ǿ־޴ʹ̧࣬ͷһĿеĻʵΪʲô
ûΪʲôǷһڿڣͳУ޾ķŭ
ԩ⽭棬ҷһأŵػ񣬺жԲĵط
ûСٴοڡ
ΪʲôΪʲôҪô⽭ҷ桭йԼ
סڣʱһֱӺֹ˷⽭һǸԼŭɶĸо
˷⺮ˮǸƭӣôᱻƭôꣿȻûе⺮ˮǸԣҲϢĳīȴһ㶼м⺮ˮ޼˷⺮ˮΪǸСʿƭ
ֱǰѴ̣
ǵģ£ƫƫ⽭֪ôܲŭ
⽭ίַŭϣȻдŴ֡ڣףһеô¡
½ݳƵģǱΣʶ˼ٰ緽ǸʿɱȻ˳־Фϲ֪Ӧɱǵģ
Щ⽭ȫܹ⣬Ҳͨǣö˶˵ġΪʲôͻȻվŵĶ棿
ѵ½ʲôô
⽭ֱǺ̫ˣ
½ôǿôսֲҲһʿԼ⺮ˮ־硭ݵλûΪЧ
½ƾʲô
ֱ޷˵ͨ
˵ͨҲã˵ͨҲãûлȥ˼ˡ
ΪФˣѾЦ
⽭Уʱһ̲סŻ桭Ҳ
ô⽭ˣ־СʿȥϣУȻϣ
˵⽭ڳˣǸϢС֮⡭Уȫϣ
һôȤһȺϽǼֱԽۣ
ƲѣŸһ⺮ˮǸЭ飬ѾҵܹˣȺˣ
ФʱѾ⽭ǰ˿Ҳ˺صˣ忴ȥЩõġȴûκʹ֮ɫָĿ⡣
ͬҲˣãֱ۶ûˣߵ⽭ǰ˵⽭㻹кλ˵
λʦҪɱô⽭ЦǾͶְɣûʲô˵ģǵȴ治飬ҸҲֻǽǷӡںΣȴûɱǣǽˣˣҪ𡭡ɣСֶԹԣ
ФȻЦȻŷ⽭ԳСֶˣ֪ʦҧгҪɱϲ϶ˣУ㻹ᵱ飿㸸ûɱǶ飿ͷڵߵڰǷǣ˼𣿡
ϻ˵ţֱһȭݺݺ⽭ĵ
飡
һ졣
⽭ǣѪ
һȭֱӻٵĵԪӤܵش
ڻѹѹ֮£⽭ȫûκη֮ԪӤҲû취ߡֻһ
⽭ϣһĨʹ֮ɫҧǽɱңһ죬Ҹ׻ҷһϣȻΪұѩޣɱȾ壡
飡
һȭڷ⽭ĵϣ˵Щϻһ
ۣ
⽭ٴһѪ˼һȭһ޴Ѫб˵ԪӤӲһȭ顣
ʱҲȥеѹһâʧΡ
ѾѸˣҲûȤ̫ͣáֱӻص˻С
⽭Թ֮ɫУѾ˵
еȭͷϣǷ⽭ѪЦţһ⽭ͷ­ն¡


750 Ӹͬ
⽭ʬ壬ֱӵݺˤڳ
Ǳ߳īѽȳֽ⿪˷ϵķӡڳīʹʧϾһŮӣ־һֱڻûбѾǼǿˡ
ûˣʦ㡣īķıο
Ȼ֮С˿̣īȴܵΪһʦΡ
Ǳߵķ⻪Լĸױɱȴҧ촽ûзȻ󡭡һ벻ľٶ
תܣ
һĻŵĵȫס
ˣȻˣ
ǻʲô
һʱ䣬ʿȫͬľٶɢӣ
ɢ
ǳױˡ
īֻǿһ۷⻪ߵķ򣬲ûȥ׷Ϊ֪ФԷһ֮ǵˣǾŹ⻪ġ
ȻФֱӳŷ⻪ķ׷˹ȥնݳǾһġ
ˣΨһûߡǳŷ⽭ʬķ򣬵ײײ߹ȥ
⽭ɽ
⽭׸磡
һڷ⻪ܵˣʱΪ׶ӵķ⻪֮ززʱȴ֪Լܵʬķˮﻹ૵ֵܡΪʲôΪʲôԭһжǺúõġΪʲôҪ˻ˮ
˵ҲЩ˼ФȫԷһ֮ǣˣȴֱӺ˷⽭ɽûжֵ˼һȥ׷⻪ȥˡ
īŷ⽭ɽǵõڽǣҲֹҲûжֻ֣ǾĿŷ⽭ɽԼֵܵʬ壬Ȼ󽫷⽭ͷ­ʬһ𡣹ʹޡ
ľ磬ѾﵽԪӤ۷壬ҪꡭͿԳɹķɽ磬ðŻţһжκα仯ΪʲôΪʲôҪѪħ̵鶯ģΪʲô⽭ɽ档
߶µĸ⽭ֿ޵֪һֱңֶҲңΪܡ˵нп飬ûκԣӦɱʲôǷƶ񡭡Ҫǿߵȭͷǵȴһ㣬ǲǿˡбǸǿ˴ڡǸʱ򡭡˭ǵأ
ʱҲ滺˺ܶ࣬ЩɬĴӳī̧ͷĿŷ⽭ɽǱߣʶˣڽǣǰսһء
šīͷŷ߰ɣؽǣ
ˣЩɵĿųī
īЦЦ
΢΢һҡҡͷԩͷծҺ޵ˣһѾˣһҲӲλǰ׷ɱ
ǾͽˡīЦ߰ɡ
ʦ˼Ҷ˵ҪնݳĿųīʵⲢıԣȫһľˡ棬Ϊīǡ
ûϵģҪҲˣžͳױˡī̾һǰȥ
űʲôϵ𣿡ں棬ʵ
̸֮ûбűˣҲǱߵķ⽭ɽЩãȻĿһһŮıӰ
ֻī˵ű񣬸ǵȷû̫ϵȴ˶ɥ
ҺеˣȺ׵ĻɵĵӾͻῪʼȨʦԶԶ⽭ɽ޺˫΢΢գҪǸô˵
ǰ˵кܶ໵ˣġȴͨˣǻûĵزī΢Цſŷн磬ʵûôأҲûкܶ˵ôпᡣܶҲΪ˶һЩ꣬ϸõӰˣûʲô
ԭͽˡʦ
ôʦҲѪһء
ԴˣȻҪѪˣЩˣҶ޲ýʬأ
˵ӰнԶǱ߷⽭ɽľȻϣȴһġ¶һ˿ЦĿķ⽭˵ֵܣǴˣشϡˣȫˡȴܴ˶˰
˵ţ⽭ɽվͬʱţŵǷ⽭ɽӣݴ֮λлŵĵӣηСѾȥҪǡͬʱӽſʼɽꡣ֮ڣκˣ뿪Ű벽С
īͷʱѾԶ⽭ɽĴǵĶС
ųīЩݣʦ֪⽭ɽô𣿡
ī΢΢һЦͣ½Ųŷ˵ӣӸͬ⽭ɽĵܷܵ⽭һһ㣬ӷ⻪Լתܣ⽭ɽȴͿԿˡ
ԣԺҲ鷳˶𣿡֮ǰľȻļ¡
īЦЦʵأ
Ҿòˡĵ⽭ɽֹǣǿҲûǸˡ˵ţࣺʦսӣ̫ˣ
Ǻǣ߰ɣؽǣʦֻ񣡡ī˵
ϲĵͷʦģ


751 Σ
īŷ߳ɽŵʱԶԶĿФѾˡʱ˵ϣƿȥأԡѪǵϣȴɢޱǿҵ˷Ϣ
ˣФųī΢΢˵ǵѾˣ˵˵ģ
һԵͷȻͷһţȻ˵ˣܷŹһΣ
Źī΢΢һüңУţǷһ˴ģѵûɳ׻ȥ
ФЦҡҡͷһ˵ȷгһܹһҪŽ췭ظ׻ȥΪǾãǷǵ̫࣡
нӹ˵ڼ˵ʱ桭Ȼ뷨һɱ˷⽭ͷ⻪֮ǺȻãֻǸһг𣬵šʵûпǷʲôûţҲûĽ졣
Ф˵ǵⲻ֮λʧܣҲǳܿܶѣѾɱ˷ⲻĶеǿڶҲѾĲˡô˵վǵʦšǷһģҲѾٻȥˡϣܹȫ
˳ȫһԹʩ
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󣬽жԳīʹ޿ν൱ǿҡΪǳīԼĸףҪô˽ѣô⵽˾޴Ĵ
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һҲܿ뵽ȫһȻתߡ

ʱŷҡ
ƽ壬ȷŮӣľǻб÷з幫ŷڼ֮λϣһĿǰʮ߰ˣüͷлżֲš
ҿȷŮˣһˣ˵꣬òӢŷƽ塣ݣŷҵĹܼŷСӣŷԵֶӣ
ŷƽҲŷңΪž޵ţ
ͬʱҲŷܣ
ŷƽʮ̤ڣʮ̤𵤣ʮ꣬ѾɹͻƵԪӤ磡
ٶȣЩ콾˵ûʲô磬ֱĴڣ


762 Ҫ
һУΪŷƽʮ̤һ꣬ɹһԼ˵Ѫֱӽ뵽˻磡
ڻУŷƽ岻۽󿪣ͬʱҲõ˴ͿԴΪٶȣֱһǧ
ȻΪݵλޣܴӻеõ̫߼Ķŷ˵Ѿ㹻ˣҲˣ
һֱŷҶСıܣ֪ŷƽԽˣһƣ
ƽŷƽʱ䣬ǴڻУСĵĶŻеЩУȻ󲻶ϵšŷƽ˵ʲô硢ɽ硭յ㡣Ŀ꣬磡
յĸѶ֪ʶԴȫŷΪĲƸ
ԣȻ䲻󣬵ŷƽŷҵĵλޱȳȻżŷԵʱҲ൱硣
һΣΪʫͶŮķ̫̬ŷҵľ
ͬӵɽ編ŷˣһ۾ܿʫͶʹõķܲ硣粻ָ߼
˫սʮ֮ŷڱ𺳵ˣǿʼָоһΡߵˣ
ˣŷԲòڱչسԪӤڵŷƽȥһۣԷķʲôεġķʲô˵ˡŷǲɱԷǾ͸Ͻɣ
û뵽ǣŷƽ忴һ֮󣬾Ȼһ˵Ϣ
ŮӣȻ֮ǰڻֵ÷з幫
ŷһʼûϢţŷƽĽͣڰ˺ܶࡣ
ԭŮӡ񼸺ѾǱ˸Եļ塣ͬʱҲΪĳԭ򣬲ܻصˣ
磡ŷƽɫƽ˵Ĵ壬ôǿҲܰ쵽ԡ
˼ǣŷԵƤ͵һԼֶ
šŷƽûж˵ʲôֻ˵ͷ
ŷԷЩˣʮ߰Ѫ꣬һļʲô飬ȻҪȫ̿ǡ
ʵĲʲôŷԥŷƽ嵭˵һʫһж˵ݣȫԵϺšȻ֪Ϊʲô磬棬һֿܡ
ŷԿŷƽ塣
ŷƽ˵ǺܿǴ˽ģ
ʲôŷԱһ˽磿
£ֶ˽Ҳϸ»֪ġŷƽ彫ȥ¸ŷԽһ顣δˣ¶֮ɫǳīҲ֪ʲôʺˣһ˽꣬ȻӵпֲɫѪõ˻Ĺע֮ǰ˵ѾˣڿӦģȻĻӦøʫͶЩһǿϧһúýһءǺǡɫѪ
ŷƽƲƲ죬¶ֲм֮ɫĵɫѪΣһ˽ѣˣˣȻĻҲɱ㣡
ȷȺ˽ģŷüͷ˼ʲô
ӦÿȷҲ˲Щ˵ôŷƽ嵭˵һѩǻƋOͻСѾЩŮˣһȻڣʵԶͨʿ˵磬ܼвǵĵϸ
ŷҡͷûУֻܲǷ·ƾðһ㣬ӦûκȻĻôʱ䣬̫ûκϵ
ǲͽˣŷƽ˵¾İɡһǧѷĺûᣡֶȻܹ磬ԽӴԶ֪ʶЩվ֮Ůмֵ
ǰĹҿȥϢҲȫûдȥŷ˵ҪץǣôŷҵʵӦÿ׾ٵһ̨ף
ŷƽ˵ܸ꣬оҵʵԽԽ죬ӣ̫ˣϣ뿪֮ǰǼΪǿļ壡
ŷЩݣжĵŷҳֶһšǡ̫ˣ
ŷƽ嵭һЦâ˵Ůˣϣܽң
ãŷûκԥֱӵͷӦ֮ǰʫͶϣ㲹ǡġǲףŷҲס
ŷƽſĵЦȻ˵Щ˽ҺˣҴһЩˣȥ׷ǣ
ŷԵͷֶһҪСģϵķͬһ㡣
ŷƽЦЦûϵǿķҲľʱ򡣲һȺʿѡ


763 
һ˴ʱѾ뿪мҲϵĸԶ롣
ʫͶݿܱʶƣȺ˵ֱһجġԶȱһĴ嶢Ҫµö࣡
ΨһǿֵҵǣŷǱ߾ķʫͶʵݣʱڣҲܽϢɢȥ
˽̰˽ģԵĻǾԻϢȻץǡʫͶŷұץĿ꣡
ʫеĻͽɣһ￴ʫ˵ǲһǽ磬ֻܾСȴֱӽ뵽硣ֻҪҲǣŷǱ߾Ͳ׶Щˡ
ʫҡҡͷһ˼˵һߣദôãҲǶ롣
Ҳһ˵һǲ뿪ھҸʫʫϵķܶסǵĹˣô죿
һ˵ǻ뵽취
УǾԲƲģʫ̬ʮּ˵硭֪ī﷢飬и׼ġ
һüЩԥ
ʫ˵ԥˣ·ͬһ㣬ҲǲǣȻһʲô¡
ʫû˵˶סķǰȻֹ̫ۡ
ŷķʫͶݣȻŮļֵʱ϶ǲץŮݵľ档
ǿҲľʱ򡣾㷨ԴԴϣɼԦˡҲƣʱ򰡣
Ӿ˵˫Ĳʵ̫ˣ
Щȫ˽ڣôҲ˱ǱϧǾڣôһСξ롣ԭӦòҪãȫ̤ڡ
ڡŷҿ϶ģ
ðɣһڵͷҲµԡ֪ī˵Ļīһ֪࣬϶ᷢġ
ǡ˭ȥأһ΢΢ü
ɡԸµ˵ߣܸǵġ
ʱҲûбҪһ˵¼ǰУ뵽˻硣
һţԤõĴռУֱ뿪
ǰҲͲʱĹ򣬵ӻʱȴߣһȺˡٷ
ŵһȡһֱȥٶȶʱ˼ʮ˲ʧ
һȺ׷϶ŷƽȻüͷһԪӤڵ߳˵ոͻȻһˣôһ¾ûˣҿ𣿡
Ҳˣ
ҺҲһӰ
ûпۣǵȷһˣӦǼǵģϴŸ߼ŷƽͷ촽¶һĨЦа̫ˣŷƽ巢벻ֵطȻ˴ĻԵ

ī뵽ʱ򣬶ոȥûã˾īȴܿ쿴˶µţ˶ˡ
ϻʵīȻոշûáԼһĻīжʱź
һīŴռеһţѡоԼѾкܳʱûйעһˡ
Ϥȡһ⿪ʼ𣬳īʱ¶ЦݣʱЩΡ
ϣһ˷֮о󲿷ֵţһ֣֮ǶдģһǻƋOдġ
棬ݣóīģǺܺã
ī૵ʵӦ뵽Щ˲ԹԵĶڻ̵ĵطġ
˵Щȴûʲô壬ΪѾˡ
ǣŷҡīһ¶һĨᶨ֮⣬ȻĬĬ˳˻硣
󣬳īȺ½üһ棬һЩֱ֮ȥ
лФڣɱǡ
ԳīߵĵҲݡ
뿪֮󣬳īٶȲسɴе˼£
ΪУĵľһЩ˵İΣ
һȺڵʿһȺԪӤĴʿ׷ɱȻƷҲ޷ֵ
īУǸԭԩ޳ŷңҲʹޡ
飬ǸϽһߣȻŷҵˡӭͷʹ
īʵʱٴǳīҪӺʵԼľ磬ѾʱӤˣ
ŷҡǧҪ˺κһˣȻһȥī˸űĹâк׳һܹ뵽ŲףϣǲҪѰ·


764 ڧ
ܿ׷һЩˣɫصĿˡ
ˣŷҵˣں棬׷ᣡ׷ˣһ仰
һĬһ£ȴǺȻʵ索ռеЩţ𣿡
΢΢һ漴ҡҡͷƺѾܳʱû˶ˡ
ȫЩĬʵ֪īľδرǺö١пڳīԹҲϾ
ֻҪû£ͺáƋOһ˵
һͷǣ
սԼּʫԥһ£һս˵ڵľ磬Լֻάôá
Щȫǵ˼ģֻԼܲٿأȻĻҲ԰æЩȫûЩټһΡֻʫͶˡ
Ϊ֮ǰ̫࣬ԣЩȫӡǵľӡǣȻ޷ʱԦ
⻹ֲҪٿصķŮĴָУŴڷʿܲٿصķ
Щǿķ
ȴȫòˣһѷɣ
ЩûоҪķȫǵС׼ġûرǿı
֪죬Ůһ׼ֻҪʯҪԦķ
һ΢΢ü˵սǾֻһҰɣ
ﻹһҡһ˵ĵˡ
һ¶Ц֮ɫϣӹŷڡ
ѩ˵ͷӬһҷɣϣײһѾС
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ûãŷȺ˱׷׷ͣ½ŲΪǸоԼƺ׷ˣ
ˣȫŷƽ壬粻ߵģļʶȴģ
ڳĴ󲿷ˣΪʲôŷƽֻܵǾš
ŷƽ徲վڸʲôʵϣȴȻһɽķ
ãŷƽУһĨ⣬ϴսսˣ
սŷЩԪӤһ۾ɵԲ
ʲôһԪӤϿŷƽʵ
ŷƽ嵭˵ɽŻֵĸ߼ΪߣٶӷƷ׶
ƽֶȺ˵ʲôͷܸøǽװŷҵĳϿŷƽ壬ǵϣôܳɽеķ
ȻΪϣҲ֪ŷƽܡʵϣط磬֪˶޼
ŷҵľˣֻ֪ŷƽ츳ֲһ൱˵õʦ飬֪Ĳࡣ
ŷƽ忴һϣв޶֮⣬˵³ϣЩ顭Ҳ˵ǲ³ܹ⡣
ŷǳ˳飬жЩġ֪ŷƽСŲСܡޱȿȶԼ׶ӻסô츳ҲϾŷҵӵܡ
ΪŷҵĳϣԪӤڵĴʿȻûʸ֪һЩܣŷʮֲʹ졣ֲʹ죬ʵѾѹ˺öꡣ
ŷƽֲʹԽԽǿҡֲʹоˣֹŷһ
ڸոգŷƽ˵ⷬʱ˵ϣҲûôȻ
Ȼŷ»û˵˶ŷƽʾ˲
ŷƽ壬ŷǰδеĴţⲻ١ôǶһˣڵ˼ʲô˵׷һȺŮˣĵЩ˶Ա˳ŵģû¸ɣΪǵ˽˵ģŷҵһϣŷУƢơ
ʱһվԲұˣƽ⺢ҲԼĿԡȺŮûô򵥡ȻĻУһȺڵʿôӲŷҵǿߴʮ죿󻹳ɹͻΧ֮ززˡ
ŷµ˵ԽԽ˵ȺС֮ǰ鲻˼ҾûŷǴ岻١ȻǴ塭ҲӦУһߵһϡ
ŷеͷǣ
ۿЩǲԼŷƽһ꣬ȵˣ֪𣿺ãҾ͸ǣͷǱƣ˵ҵΣ
ʱ򣬸ոմԲϣüһ˰֣ˣƽ壬˵ˣǻǡؾǹأº͹гʵҲҪ֪ʲôܡֻҪ֪ȺˡôҪֵŷһȺȥץ
ŷƽ⻰ɫһŷºŷλϣֿˣĵͷ˵ץȺˣҿԱ֤֮ڣŷܹư磡ҡɽˣڶһٱ


765 ׷
˻
ȫһ
ڳ⼸ʮˣûм򵥵ģ
˵ĸżߵݣκһ߳ŷңţǶҪһ
˿ȴǱŷƽĻŵˡ
ŷиһŵĿŷƽ壬˼ԣСôڶң
ȻֵĲŷôԣȻҲȫ⻰
ץסһȺСϣŷҰԳư磿
ɽ˱ڶһٱ
ʲôЦ
ȫŵĿŷƽ塣
ոһֱԲĳŷȣ˿Ҳ̲ס鴤ǣһ۱顣
ôǲţŷƽüͷȻҡҡͷˣ΢ᣬָʾȺǶȥɡԼȥ׷ǣ
˵ţŷƽ˵Ļᣬתߣ
׷ķսʧķ
ڻлô꣬ŷƽϣе̵ġ
ŷһȺ벻ŷƽ˾ǿһӶ
ʱƢЩŷȵǳ֮ǰרŽһСȫƽ£
أŷŭŷƽ츳ٸߣ㼸֮ͿԷɽ磬ΣΪĳϣȻ֪ȨûУҲǣءǶţ
ŷµͷĵȥЩˣڼСǶκελһֱȥⳤϣǲҲգ
ŷȿЦλ˼ǣ
ȥҼָ˵ŷ˵
Ǹָ˵ŷµͷ
Ҳȫ˼ŷƽΪһʵЩ̫ˡ
浱Ⱥǰأ
ƽǱߡŷȻЩԥļǵã֮ǰŷϵ֣֮ɫ
𣿹Ͷøǣŷ˵
Щ֪ߵغ񣬵ȷӦøѵһŷҵĸ߼ִվ
£ʵ㱨ǣԼǵġ
ûԼЩˡ
Ⱥ鼤ˡ
ŷȿˣҲֻεĵͷȻˣǾɣǻȥʵ桭Ҳܲ⡣
һȺŷҵʿֱӴظˡ
ŷƽһ˳սȥķ׷ᣬЦһȺ֪ܵӹµ֮ȻԪӤȴȫûͻƵķɣŷƽһˣܽȫ׽õһȺڵʿѣϷô
ŷƽתսµһĨۼӿһɺ飺죬ŷƽ塭ʱתӣѹ

īмۣÿһǧ֮⣬ķǳ󣬻һĽʿܼôáԳī˵ȴʲôеɫ̨ӿһԴԴϵɢȫʹóīʼգܱ״̬ϵĸǰ
īǷ˵Ѿ֪һѾǣԣھǣҲһ޷׼ȷλһ֮󡣳īʩչˮͨѰҷԲ֮ڵ쳣
ڷˮͨУ˽ÿһȫͬʵϣһЩΪΪĴҪѰ˵ʱͬҲõƵֶΡֻûзˮͨ㾫ȷȴҲ֮ͬ
һ߸ٷУһʩĸӾҡе̨ЩӦ㡣
ʱ֮ǰе̨ϵһööӡǣʼâ嫵һιעīȫ
ī涼Ȳѣ벻Щ󻯳ɵӡǣȻ档
Ҳǳī澳֮壬еһĽʿҪôɡҲܣ˵ڣһԪӤʿҪһ߸ٷУһ߶ôַͨԲҲ֧Ų˶á
īһ·ϣôģ
ڣܵһ˿쳣ǰʮ֮⣬쳣ŵ
īüһǸֱ׷˹ȥ
׷ʮ֮ȴǷһͷݣ
˫չǧɣͨīͬɡ
ڳīͬʱͷҲ˳īһ˫һ񣬾Ŀ缸Ҫ·ɽĨƽ
ֱī׷
ī˸ۣתߡ
һ·ϳīĸֲֿ顣һīͬϡıһԳīչ׷
īٶʵ̫ˣҲãҲãȫϳīĲȫīԶԶ˦ں档
ڣīһΣܵ׷˽֮ǧ֮УһӰͬҲڼۣ
ٶȣȻҲһ㶼
īֶԷʱǵӰҲգͷųī
Զǰ֮⣬һս֡


766 
ʱԵĸоսٶȣϵڱ
īһۣһսһ۾ϳ磡
УӵսˣûǡãʫͶϾС
ʮа˾š˰ɣ
ŷ£޹شµĵ˱ܡŷңŷƽ壬лŷƽһƽվУһ׵ʣĿ׷òӢˡ
ûн׷˷һ𵤺ڵʿˣʶģ͵ͷ߿ʲôûǲʶ࣬Ҳ򵥣ɱ˾ǣ͵ɱһȺӾҲã
īŷƽ壬ЦãԼ²ˣǡŷңǰս϶ǳӵһˣ
йأīһĮ˵ţȻŷƽӭȥ
ʱ֮ս֮ϣһһĪչǾֻʣ¶ϵһս˫ľѾǳˡӣŷ׷ǲĿĲݡ㻻϶սµҲһ
Щǣŷ׷ȻͣȻһȺ˾Ϳ֮ǵӰ
ˮ˲ģȺ˵ۿ
ǵӰһ۾ϳǺܾòĳī
Ȼˣһ𾪵ı飬૵˶ڻǷţҪϹҲӦô찡
˪˵ĪһֱǸ˫֪
ʫһ˫ĿУ˸ʣ΢΢ҡͷ̫ܣӦǴӺԶĵطġ
ʵĵо𣿡
ȴֹ̫ۣһδءŵսȻǿԵĵˣȴԪӤʿ
ǺҪˣطüͷ˵
һȫǱԽԽӰ
һҧǹȥ
ѩµϣҲ¶һĨǹȥ
ȺȻ࣬ȴΪŽᣬȻ֪ǾȫսҲ޲ȴûһҪߡ
Ǳ˲ǳīǿ϶ô
ȻùȥܾˡԼŮڣȫһģ̲ס̾˿ҲûгԷԡ
ǣʫĬĬĲٿսųīķ˹ȥ
ŷƽīĻ΢΢һ󿴼սûгû룬߿˹ʱǺǺǺǵһЦųī˵룬֪˭ˣ
īĿǰ꣬ͬʱòһꡣвɰ̾һԪӤһŻɫѪ˵ӦҲһľ콾˰ɣ
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ϧʲôŷƽ۾ųīЦΪн黤Ļ磿ǰҲҳʲôţ
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ŷƽ̲סЦָųī˵ǲɵˣȻʳ˰׳յһ⣡㣿ΪʲôҪ㣿ԪӤʿҪһڵʿ
Ҳϻǰʧī˵ܳһʿҲѵãᣬδ޵Ŀܣûжɱŵϰߡ
УŷƽЦ˳īĻȻųī֪㣬ī˽꣬˵еɫѪڻ磬õ˽ıӻ鵤Ҳϵ˵һšܲңңȻѪϣҲ㣬ϡ̫࣡īڹҿͷԱԪģҵˡȻúսϵŮˣȫ˳ңбﶼ׳ôҿԿһӽԺǾ͸һ졣ȻĻҽҪһ£նɱһ˵ζˣ
ŷƽ˵ţһԪӤϢȫѹʮؼ˲Ϊ֮һ䡣ƺΪŷƽһ˵
ȻŷƽһĴȡһѺĳųĬĳīɽô˽ն㣡
ᣬʫʻսѾɵһˣս
ʱ꣬˫ٴμ档
ʵŮī΢΢һЦ£ˣ
ͷ֮ǰǵĻڣųī仰оȻȫֵİ
Ҳ϶еħɣֻҪƺһУȫٵġţҸѩһᣬ˵Ļϲˣȥ׷ɣ
ţɫ΢죬Լں˼Щʲô
ŷƽ忴˫¶Цݣųī벻ЩŮˣȻ㣬ٶԶһ㣬㣬ȻˡȥǲϽҵˣãһ򾡣


767 նɱ콾
īʾԶһ㣬Ȼŷƽ壺ӣҲи飬ô
īһӣŷƽ嵱
ڻ磬βˣҸκ˷ͻΪУ˲㣬һ飬ͿԽѹԣŷƽڻУٻ뿪ǡ
򲻵ѱҪǣҲޱȽ۳⣬ЩĵһӦǸ˼ЦʩһֱڻУ㰲ȫҲССĽύ˼ѡ
ڻװӣԸǿԣֺγ£߳ƣ
ԣУŷƽһĨ߰ȥҫʲôǹɰȴ˶ܸܵõġ
ȻҲһȺŷҵĸ߲ʿ˷С
ˣǸţûʲôر˶˭ܸܵԱ˵ֱӡˣ˭Ը֮
ŷƽ岢ںүڻװӾѾˣ磬үҪүүģ
һֱƺҲŷңŷԸ˵ҲĺܡЩ˾治ϲҲڳΪӡ
ŷƽɱ㣬˵˵ĸ֣·Ǵмһ
ǹɱ⣬ԪӤѹƵһ˴ϢЩѡ
ʫüһ⣬Ȼ֪ߵغСƨ
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ʫͶɫһ䣬Ůûٶ˵ʲôֻеɱͬǿˡ
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ģⱲҶٶκ˶ġһʦһһ죬һɳΪһľǿߣʦ˵ˣֻҪûг׵Ļɢʵͻа취ġҪߵı¡˵Щ̫ңԶǡһֲиŬڽǰ淢ԣһ죬ҵ־磬һὫ㸴Ǹʱ㡭Ѿ㣬Ѿϵңʱ򡭡֮䣬ѾûԵ֡ҲһôΪǷġ飡
˵꣬档
ʱ򣬷ȻӦعͷȴǿīվ
Ϊ˸һʱ䣬ȫԶԶߡݵλҲû˸棬ԭһˡ
ī̲סվһͷ˽īʦĺʹҾáƺġˣ


773 ʦǣ
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ʦҲ£ӳī̧ͷʵųīԸ˵˵𣿡
飬ʲô˵ģīҡͷʧЦȻŷҪȥˣߵЩ죬һֱϴɣ
Щ˼Ĩһ۽ǣʦ֮ǰʲôϲڡˡԭʧȥϲˣȻʹ顣
īĬ̾Ϣһ
ųīʦ֮ǰ˵ģý𣿡˵ţһϣĿųī
ī˵ͷҪ𾳽Уʦߣ磬ʦа취㣬֮·뿿Լ
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ʧȥеļ䣿ųīʵ
ԣû˼䣬ˣհֽ˵㣬ȫǵԼ˭ʶԼѡ˵ָĲǽǶѡȻпᣬīǾбҪ÷֪
ǣûһְ취һԼȫأųī
취ȻС˵㽫ǰϲĶϣȻҪЩκα仯ȻٽйصжȫռԽԽáĻͨһЩֶΣָܻ꣬Ҫһеļ䣬ºѡһ㡭īŷ̾˵Խ˺£ָԽѡ㵽̹ģһ죬ôϳ㣬ѵһ£
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ඡҵϣһʱǲȻָгһգҲ߾磬ңʱң̹Ȼ֮ĸ顣ôųī˵Ҿͼ޸
˵ĺʵڣûаα˵ǣʱҡ̹Ȼ֮ĸ飬ұ
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Ϊʱ䡭Ķ׺ɣ˭֪ǧ֮󣬻һ״
Ǻǣ˵Щ̫أҪôˡȽ°ɡīŷҿ԰Ѱһķˮأ֤ʬ겻һ󷨣޷ŵôһ죬Լܸء
¶㤵ı顣
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ȴӽĹ餵УܵһɲһϢ
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ǷЩĹˣȻԼ֪ȴ⵱У׻˽иĶ
һһֿܣ
Ƕ׼ѨλôδؾͲеЩһһַʽ
Ȼֻˡһֲõĸоָǵͼʿ
һΪЩԼǰµһһ߳ԼķĹһ죬ûܸоһˣ
ҲһȽ֮·ˣ⣬û˻ѡ·ڣȴʺϽ
ڳīܲܳΪĲ˵һδ֪Ҳ˵Ϊ𣬾һܹӵиֶΡýԼȥŬ
˵Խ˵ҲΪһֻԵ
ͨЩ飬īԷ˵Ѿͷ߰ɣҴȥһЩˣ
һЩˣʱЩ֪ʦ뿪ȥʲôģһϣĿųīҵʦ𣿡


774 ү
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ѽˣԴֹʲôεģʦﻹʲô
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µĺӣһ֮ɫȦЩ΢죺ʦԲ𣡡
ûϵԺҪ˵⻰ͺáī΢΢һЦȻ˵ҰܣǶǺܺõˡ
šù˺ܶ࣬ͷԹԵĸڳīȴЩ̵ģΪȻ뵽ʦ֮󣬵һԼģ
˵ʦĽˡ
ʱķҲʱеĺܣȻƽӣҲڿոЦЦʵҲδһԼ̽͡һ˼
󣬷һˣ֮󣬲ΪʲôʦԺٿЦˡ
ԭʮ˵УǷ޵Ļѩĸ˪֮⣬Ȼȫ˹ɫĴŮ
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ΪһֱԼȻ㲻־ŮҲûвȥǰЩһȣС
ŮǳĿЩ磡
ԣǳ磡
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յĵӣȴóīǳӣڻصǰ֮ĵһ£ȥԼͽȥˡ
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ϱԽԽƤŮ˵Ҳһ¡
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½ȻҲõ쳣˭ô£ԣŮȥ׼˵ĹĵĽһߡ


775 ݵ
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֪īǵǵŷҺ󣬻Ϊһ֣һȺ߹ѣֵһᣡǸ֤޻أ
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ȻһЦбһ۳īСӣüңȻ磬ֻʩչԪӤ۷ҵѹȴȫ붯һ£һȺϰСʿѣЩʿǰмҷģ
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776 Ƶ
Ф˼īȫŸмı顣ʱ䣬ǾīǵĵҩָʧȥģҲͬصǵ嵱С
ôĥѣ˵̬Ҳ˺ܴת䡣ȥǰȨơ۽֮Ҳˡ
ϳīΪ˵зǵûκβ죬෴ȫ˸м֮顣
ˣ֮
죬ȫġ
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ʱ̬һᱣߵˡ
󣬳īФһһμӳٰľ硣
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ԭֻһڲСᣬӲıһȫϲĴۻᣡ
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СѾһֵĿһһѧˣ
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ϯ֮ϣīڳλǴСһ¡ͬʱһ˽ܸǡ
ЩҪ󣬽໥ʶһ£ԺҪλաīžƱ΢Ц˵
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ҵϷŮˣǲǻô
ǵģЩ˵ȺͻȻڳò绨ŮˣӦȫǳŮˡ
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Զīһ䣬Ȼʼ֮ѰҿԸԵķˮءʱ͸֪࣬ΪĻⱦͽܵġ
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ҺǮˣĹҲľƳɡֹ餣궼ḯá
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գգۣûܴƬȺɽпκ쳣֮ڶʦΣʹûټ׷ʡ
Ҳóī˿ҪǷ׷ʣ˵ãҪ֪ΪȷȨ֪ġ

оԼܲ֮ǰ״һЩϵĵ伮в鵽˹ŵһȻ˺ܶʱ䣬ųײŵַڡ
󣬵ɹֻһ֮ңʱѪħ̵ǰС˸ӣһѾܲʹˣȴǲѪħ̵Ǽħͷֻҧгݵˡ
飬ȴ鳹ױŭˡ
Ѫħ̵ȺˣȻȫ˸գ
ı˽ȵǸ߲˵һܵӰ٣
Ѫ¾˽֮ڵõһ֡ī
ǣչ˶Գī׷飬ôʱȥȻһǸ˷·ǴʯͷĳһȻûһ˿һ
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777 
µĻۣҲƫŵ֪ʶˣ֮£һЩ̵ɽҪһܲҵһЩɽŵı
־磬ԪѾͨĪģȴϣܹĸãߵĲΡڹŵмɽĽܣǸ翵磬ͬĺܡ
ֻһɢޣҪԪӤ۷壬ȻҪĺԴòЩͨɢޣȻСлۣȴԶԶ
ˣеõԴĻᣬԲŹ
ǰƬһ޾Ⱥɽúܲһ㣬һȴҲ˵ֻƾԪӤľ磬ܹӦЩ⡣Ѱɽźܴ
ˣѾﶺʮ죬ȴһ
ЩĻ䣬׼뿪ʱԶʣʮңԶĵطӰ߷
һɽ嶥һʯϣ۾ŴǱ߷Ӱ۾ס´š
ȥʵʿУ˸𲻶ĹâעһһŮʱ֣Ǹ˵УȻһھ޴Ĺײģ
Ҫʲô˺棬üͷ
ڰзеĳīȻоԼǰĲ΢΢һȣʾ
ī΢΢һ漴ĿͶԶȺɽУһᣬڿһɽɽͷϵ顣
鲻ϵóīīҲͬϵΪ˫δ档
īԶԶĿ飬òһۣ΢΢һݣԷȻһԪӤƫϵʿ
˵ֻҪԪӤ۷ʿī񶼸֮һս
ǿԵĻīǻᾡԪӤھ֮ϵʿͻΪ־磬ֶͨ١ǳ䲻ķȻĻЩҲױԷߡ
ǿսҲ顣īˣֵط˾ζԱ½Σ˵ߣŷ粢ߵͽܡ
ǰԪӤƫϵʿԳī˵ȴ㲻ʲôвոն˵ŷǸѪţҲԪӤڵʿ
ΨһҪ˼ģߵķ
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Ӧһȥɽϵ顣ȻúԶȻô߳īʦǸˣ飡
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ģīâ˸
ӦǰɣЩݵĳ༸һģһϾûۼ飬ҲҰٷ֮ٵȷ
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ɵ׮ҰīһֱúܶԲǵ塣ӵ귢˽׮Ұ𣬳īаԷģҪߵˡЩˣȻ㲻ǳīߵ󣬵ȴҲ
óīһֱǳΣҲģǼ飬һҪɱΪЩȥ˱
īţȴûͣŷڵɽȥ
Ҫҽأȴ˾ȻԳԼڵɽжʱġ
λѣƶ顭վ´ԽԽķͳīǷж̲סһ
øԵŮӣ
֮˿ˣͨǲǿԷĳ࣬Էϵʣ
ԭһͨСʱһʾ˿ȳĴҹȻҲὫ۽缫ߵĹӸס񾭹ϵСԽԽԣϵʣҲ߹
־ҵѣīڱһ֣Ȼһȭ֪
ʱѾӳīϸܵǹɽʿϢҲӷϣоϢºٺһЦζüΣЦеĵƶλѽ
Ŷīüңһ飺Ҹزʶʲô
˵ţīѾɽĹ餣һԣȻӣں档
īеľֻоЦУͬһСȻǰڳһļƣкã
ٺЦųīĪδ֪ȻΪԼһڹײģʡıʬҰƶףһͽװײģɽϡţڹײĵĲϲƷľƳɣ
Ī˵Цīɫ䡣
˭˵ЦϽֵǮĶүóȻүһʹ죬ȻĻٺٺ١һЦƽī


778 Ӧ
ȻأȻôīϴżϷ֮ɫ飬Ҳò˵޳ܣܽ˵治ɫҲһ˲ˡ
ȻĻүȫʬһҪܾĥ˵ţһ۳īԵķС椡ٺٺ٣үΪѵˣϴůѾͷʲôģҲ
޳ܣĿ飬гߺޣ޳ܵô֮ࣿҲԼʵ̫һԼǿˡһɱһ
ٺ٣ӻͦҵģүϲ飬ǺҾƣ椣ĴЦȫǰеɱ
ӼҲ¶ɱվӣʲôأ
˵ţ˲䱬ԪӤƣֱųīͷѹ
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ʱ΢΢һȵĲǰ˵Ļ˾ȻܹӲԼƣ治ɫԼ
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â˲͵˳īǰâ̺¶ȼ侪ˣѰʿâԪӤ۷ʿҲ棡
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âֱӴڳīؿڣ
澳֮壬֮ʣһԳī˵ûκã
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ܰȻĻ죬ǽҡһ棬ͷԻӦѸ١Ҳһŵ㡣ƾԸڹȥٻʲô
죬ˣ
ͬעһ㣬ȥ·ЩʿèץһϷŪԷ죬ɫȴ˶Ե
īе߱죬һ㣬һն
ޱ־ĵУݺн䣬ֱӽնΪΡ
鷢һĲҽУֱţһԪӤڣۿž͵ԪӤ߼ʿȻҰһڵʿ
еԪӤҲ߱һֱӱն룬嫵߱ա
ʣ°ӵȴûеһʱȥѸٵĲϣг˾־壬ףΪʲôˣӵǿս
㡭㾿˭ʣµһ첲֧İӣԪӤǿͲʵ֧ųī
˵ˣһ·ƽеĺôīĿ飬ЦЦԭҪһѪáһԪӤʿѪĻҲ㲻ˡ
㡭ᣬԭڿ֧ţ˿̲㱻īֱ
飬㲻ǰ𣬵زʶ֮£ȴҪɱҶᱦҪҵͽܡƾҲī飺˵ΪҲң㽫ŭйϣɱôˡ峹ױҶҶաȻԪӤ磬Ӧףϣġ
ԭ㡭ǡī۾˲ɵϴ󣬲˼ĿųīȻһѪ
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779 
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ʱ򣬷ʦѽǴĻҲһˡȴȻʦô⣬ȴʦԽõ顣
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ʱ֮󣬳īһУҲЩҪһ㣬һʼķлָ
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س֮󣬳ī˽һЩ֮󣬱ֱӽ˱չصС
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ЩСǶڻŬĻָԪǸȫõһЩĵҩ
һʹã㾪ȵķЩҩ֮ж½;֮飬ٴ˺ܶࡣ
һˣݵ֮Ҳֱӽ˱չصСҪٳ𵤾硣
磬ҪԼˣҪȽ磬𵤡ҪݺһôҪԪӤУ
½ú½ˣҲȫõ˳īһЩҩ½ȴʱ뿪˽ǡʱôãҪʦһ˲С
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񡭡ֻ벽ǵϣѾܹĸоǹƮȻɵϢ

ʱһƬ̵ԭʼУŷһȺʿɫ̵ֻʿΧڵС
ǡʲôˣһʿüͷͻһȺˣʮ
ٷϻˡһԪӤڵʿһĿˣĿɨҲûжͣ
һȺײð߶ѣ޷ȺŷҴʿȤΪѰǸˣȫûȤ࿴Щһۡ
ֻҪ֪ģһ֪޲ԡʿͷ԰ֻҪɱԽͺáð棬µľˡ
ţīˣ˵ûУʿʵʵϣԼҲûϣѾˣҲ˺֧ܶðšһģȫû˵
ѾԶǵΧյͼϵָѾӽһһǡǣ
Ҳ֪һûеõڳīϢ˫ûʲôϵģȫǹܼŷߵĸһ֧κмֵϢҲһ
ʿǵŷ߶뿪


780 ֻ
뿪֮ûеһʱŶǣΪлһ֧ŵĶ顣ȥʲô⡣
ųµϢڽǵ֧Ҳī½ɱ˸ɾʱڸҴŶ˽ǡеǣڽУûκεΪѡ
֪ԭǣȻһλ
һϡ£ǹȥûй⻹ʷĵһңеĴһ𡭡ƾȥģ
ʱƣ֪ԽԽ飬ж½ҲǾͶءֻݵ΢ûлʶ½ķˡͬʱҲ˵һЩڳīĴԡ
֪ͬһž޵ˣֻϧڽַ֮󣬾ͳʧˡܶ˶˵īѾ˲⡣
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ֻһĹ򣬾öԷץס
ʶ˵֪ʱ򣬶ԷԪӤʿವһ³һץס죬вҪʵʵ˵һĺôҪǸ˵ѣ֧飡
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ŷһĨԹ֮ɫ̾Ϣ벻ҵ׸硭Ϊ棬Ҳֵ֮ĸ顣
Ҳù¡ҪվȥǡǲһҪģΪСү𣡡ĸ˵ţɫĵ㲻£֪飬ȫǣǻбǵģ
ЩĿˣҲҪʲôֻ꣬ҪǱɱǡ
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ǣ㽫֪飬ŷ˽һ顣ͬʱа룺ҸǳīزʶҲѾʧˣҲԲ
ŷ֮üͷʵʲôʱ飿
ü룬˵Ѿܾˣ
ŷԵȫ¶ʧ֮ɫʱŷĸȴʵǡ꣬ʲô飿㶼˵
룬Ͱѽ귢Ĵ˵һ顣
ĸһŷ󣺡ϣ½е֡
ţŷһɻ飺˸īʲôϵ
ĸ˵īʧˣһ½һֳ뻯ĵΪʵȺ֮ǰͻȻһȺ绨Ůˡ
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ŷߵˣȫһһԾĿŷĸ¡ͬʱǵУȫ¶˷֮ɫ
ĸôһ˵ŷҲ˲оЩԾ
˵ϵ飬ʵµľˡڲ˲ʲô˿ͺܸое쳣֮
ʹŷţ૵нУԵʿ࣬ȥҲô½ʹīҲʹīɱҵĶӣЩŮˣ½ߡͻȻһȺŮˡ
˵ţŷһĨĹâ˵ôҲһҪȥ
ʱ˵еһˣҲѾõϢŷĸ˵Ͼˡֻǣ
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ϣЩˣһԪӤʿĿ˸űɱˡ
ŷһ֣һЩҩԴǵĹˣ
ϡһ©˷ԪӤʿƺŹȺˡ
˶ʱۼһȫһţŷҵȺǿʿ͸ſ־塣
ʲô©ҪɱǳīǲһȺ򣡡ŷüͷ俴һԪӤʿ
ǣϣҴˡԪӤʿʱͷ
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781 ˵
ȵŷЩȫ뿪֮˲һ̱ڵϣŴȻֽٺҡ
ţղˣȺֲĴʿʲôͷǡҶû˵ֵطһðŵĳԱµ˵
ǰҲû˵طŷҡʲôͷֱ̫ˣЩȫɲĴܰһðųԱ˵
ʱɫѿĴȡһ鴫ʯԥһ£Ȼ˵ˣ
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ųոոЩϣų½ԱҲ̫ľֻ˵
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ðųԱҲǸ֣ڵײʿκ鶼Լ·ģǱȻû˵ȴܹ뵽һЩ顣ԣ֮ðųԱˣһ뿪˽ǡ
ʱһˡѾ˽ǣһҿջסˣ
ȺˣŷҵһԱ
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֪īǿԪӤڵŷƽ屻īһ͸ˣʵһ㣬»˼Ͳ˵ģ
ʵ֮ǰŷŷԾѾõ˽ߴȥϢҪŷ»࣡
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صĻĵ̣ҲܡųɳΪһɵĹؼء֪ΪΣڳīŵʱ򣬻ͻȻ֣ƺīѹŷ⽭⽭֮󣬻ʧڸ߶ȻɻڳīߡΪī츳еĽ鶼ҪӻԣڳīߣҲ֡ΣգҪС
īҲ½սԪӤڣ磬۷壬ʱ鵤Ӥ̤ԪӤ磬ҪСһ㡣ˣԳīսۣԪӤ۷壡ǸΣյǿߣ鶯֮ʱīǡϵĻ֣ȡϵ½гѪħ̡ǲѶΪ֮İ취ҪʹãȻǻʧȥһξѵĻᣡ
⣬īʹöɽٵķʽԶǿĵˣҪʱ̤ԪӤ磬ܻĶɽֶΡʿޱȿֲһ٣ڳīƺĶԵֶΡΪŷҽһǡˣڶ֮ʱ뵽УֶΣ̵ʱ佫סҪκηĻᣡ
ŷҡīĶͷԳīȫۡ
³īԼЩðһͷ亹
Щֱۣ̫͹̫ۡȫ˵㣡
սԪӤ۷徳磬īԼ˶ЩաҲ˵ŷֶεϽ̶ȡǲǿīսҪпܷ飬ȫڡĻֽҲ׼ڵʱǱӦԡ
֮ǰѾڳīϳԹһδʧ˼Ҫһӵܣŷּ˵ѾԳܵĴǾͬ飬ٷһΡ
īۺʵ֮ŷҲеЩԾԭֻǾóī˺Ѹ㣬ڲŷ֣ѸĲǳī
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һܻ׽ŷлһԾΪΪǿļ壡
Ŀʹ֮£ŷҵˣ˷
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ڣΪ£ֱƳԼڣֱ˽ǣҪī׽ûȥ
ŷһжǡʨȫĿǰΪֹһСȫǵƿ֮С
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½ôʯûϵ㣬ǱûκλӦ½ʮȥҳīֲŵīΪ֪īѹö࣡
ѪħǱ¼ƺð˭֪׺ݵıʱпܻǲܿǿôʱѪħ̵ײбǶһŵ顣
ڸոգ½ֽӵһϢԥһϢ
½Ϊļ壬鱨Ȼͬһ㣬ոǱߴһϢ˵ʮɲǿߣס˽һҿ˼Ͽջ
½ҵ鱨ԱΪЩɣԽϢݻ
Ǽҿջʮǰ߿ġû֪ǵݣҲû֪ǵȥˣǼȻڣƹǼҿջˣǼ˵Ů֮ڣʮͻȻֵʿӴŴԵˣҴŵƷϿֺǮʿ˵ӦѡĿջŶԡǼҿջȻǰϵ꣬ȴ൱һ㡭٣һе̵ʿѡסֵط
½ҵ鱨Աǳְ𣬽ǹ۲쵽һЩȫʵĻ㱨
½֮һ뵽Ѫħ̡
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783 鵤Ӥ

ФüͷĻ㱨ȻʵǸأѾô
Ѿ뿪ˣ֡
ְҲǼٵģȻڵðŸЩ϶Щ˴֧ðŵõʲôϢܰϢǣѾʵףôӦҲѾ뿪ˡФϳɾʲôûƾͲ³
δˣФȥȻӱչصؽгС
鷳ˣФüͷ֪ŷҰɣ
üһ֮ǰȥ˵Ǹطţǰ֪ŷңƺƺͦǿģ
ֹͦǿФЦһ£Ȼ˵ǵĹģҪȽǴıŷңļ壡
˻г˳ӣȻФ˼ǣ
ҵ˼ǣԷˣФУ㻹ǵð֮ǰ˴ǻʱ򣬸˵Ļ𣿰ʵݣŷ֮䷢ĳͻ
ҼǵáеͷȻФ˵Ҳʲôɣˣǿǻλء˵ţԺķһۡ
Ф˵Էּ壬ɲʲô˰϶ҲѾǵܶˣ˲֪ǳīδز֪
ҪǿЩ鷳ˣԷ˵ѾǵĵϸˡҲüͷ˵ҪҵǳīȴŽˣȻ󡭡֧ðŵˣִϢ½Сġ˵ԷӦѾ֪½˵ĻôҲӦ֪ҵĴڣкԺλҲѾ֪ˡ
ǰҵĵľ⣬֪ЩǸǾ˵ӦѾȫ׼Ф˵
ҵǲô벻ϻʲôˣܹ𡭡ȿȣܸλǰ⡣жԻĳݣɲһ㡣
ФһУ˵ǰϣܹӳҲԪӤ۷壬˵ǰ벽񡭡Ψһ޵еģϢѹһ£ϣ˲Ϣѹġʵˣһλ˵ûеڶߡûеڶְ취ԵֵϢѹģ
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У¡ھҪ֪Ф˵
е˵ͷֱȥ˳īչ֮أīѡ
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Ф˵īΪٶȣֱǸеա֪īǴӡ桱ģᱻʧȥģ
ǵ궼ǺųŵҲ˺ܶԪӤ磬ǰλǵصصĶʮСӣѾ鵤ӤˣֱǱ̬
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Ϊڳī鵤Ӥ֮ĵһʱ䣬Ѿʾˣ
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һĽܣȫ̲סֱоһĶ
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طһԿЦǵõ˽ʱ·һС򣬼ϵĶвڣǸԣҲͻƼĲʵͬһֻϡϣȻûһ˸վҶ࿴һۣ±ᡣǶԱһȭЩ¡һȺƤʱɢЩƽգͬ˵࣬ŷ͵Ǹ϶һĸо
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785 Բ
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ǰа취ԸǣīŻʵ
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īͷߣŻڶң
һ˵ұӡƱ棬ԭܷӳʵͺޣ֮ǰ͸˵磬ֻʩչԪӤ۷ҵȷסˣ˲˵ֹ̥
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˵඼ǺܽƻҲܱɵģƳһЩרſƸѹ֣Ҳֻܱ֤ǽ
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ոճīڽвõʱ½ֺܵĸо·棬֮⣬ȫǸī׽ˣֻһˡ
˿̳ī˵½ŭֱѹƲסˡ
ˡīû½ƢĵĽ͵ŷּ壬ܹӵĵ̣ġûôöԸͬҲԼԭ͵ޡ浽һʵʵ˵Ҳ޷ֱӸǣ˵˵ģҶκһˣһŷң졢ɡ޷㣡κһŷҵӵܣܵԵĴ
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ųīʫģƺڵŷңûôأ
֮ǰΪʲôôţ


786 Ϸˣ
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Ϊǲܽ硣￴½Ľǵˡ
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𣿺ˣ½ӿһ˿ĸоȻɫ΢΢һ죬˵ǣȻȥˣһҪؼúðһ£˵ţҲƵˡ
һ̾һ˵һ
ɶͶ𰡡ѩǳ˳ֹһ䡣
ԼˡСѾһЦϲֲǰ־͹̫㣡
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ʫͶϣȫ¶˼顣

īӳֱ֮߳ųȥ
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ߣСӾ뵽ǻ¡ַͨ󣡡һŷҵʿһЦʱ򣬾Ҫ磬Ҳᷢ֡·ţ
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ԹˣܻյĶʣЩȷҿǴԴ㹻һԪӤ۷ʿŵָš
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īһ˿ЦתϷȥһΣīֱӷ˸죬շУȥƺѲԼһ
ŷǱƴõһɵۣҪѪĸоΪԪӤ۷ʿǷŭĳŴʯڣʲôϽұƵʧܵĻǲԴͲˣ
ŷҴԴҲֹֻܲģķ֮ǰļƻҪīյС˭뵽һﾹȻԼˣȻϷˣһ㣬ҷɡ
˵ôû²ڸϱչϹʲô
ǵŷҲˣʱ˿̣Ҳ˲ôݾߣֱԲ˼ٶȣֱӳųīȥ
еԪӤʿȫֱӷųԼϵϢųīһѷ˹ȥ
ܾ͵ؽīòһ£
īһ˲䣬ͬδ֪һ㣬ϷֱӸٷȥ


787 ս
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Ľǣֱӱһŭ𺳵òϲͬҪһ㡣ȫŵɫ԰ףܶ޷Ϣĸо
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ȻĻһ𣬿¶ܶǵ޹ա
īٶȿ쵽˼飬ڼ۵ͬʱżƷ쾧ʯ
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ŷʱƺоЩԾʲôطԣԼҲ˵ֻƺһֲԤС
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Сӣϻ˵Ͻ£ͷϴ㻹лȥĻᣬȻĻڣŷ˵
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īٽŷЩʿġ
һԪӤڵʿУһնϢֱնϡԪӤҪӡһâٴնֱӽԪӤն롣
ֲľ˳ȥԪӤ
Ƭеɽأ⺣ľһŨ޷˲䱬
һЩͺͺʯɽ棬Ȼʼĳɫֲ
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һЩǧ˶һ˿ǣдӵֲΪƣ
š⣬ʲôֶΰһŷҵʿ¶֮ɫֱӱһâ˴ԪӤն롣кܶâնգۼ䣬ͽʿն顣
嫵ԪӤһβƬɽأ
Ƭ֮ڵ磬һһ仯
īǴʼգվ·һԹߣۿǡ
ɱŷһ˿־壬ЩΪʲô˻ᱻһĴڿˡ˸ͲԾ۶ϡۺʵֹԪӤ۷壿ʿûôֲ
ŷֱīԵһȺˣҲȫųīȥ
һΣûˣ
ŷ۾һƬСҲҪɱ㣡
īЦЦո֧ȡߣŷһۣһӡ
ءأ
صʱ
飡
ǰŷԴ˲䱬飡
ѪԽֱӱų
е䡣


789 
ʶŷһŭɫǺ죬¡Ҫըһ㡣
ѾǺܼʱˡȻ߰˸ԪӤʿԴֱӱ飬
ǴӰյĹâնϡã
ԪӤҪߣΣ
Ĳҽ˷ƬȴȺʿ֮أ
ǸһɫòӢ棬ѴӵӣУֲͬĶħ
ءءأһĵ𣬲ŷҵʿ䡣
գۼ䣬ȻʮԪӤʿ˾ʶԴѶ
īͣ˴࣬ɫҲЩ԰ףεĵⷨùã̫ˣȻеЩԹӦ
ԽǿʽԽǺķԣԽߵʿսʱԽ
īԭ봵ĸһ㣬еʵЩϣҲͷˡ
ʼһһĹƬصϵĺŷҵȺʿ
ŷȺ˵ùζ벻īȻ̶ֳ̬ȡԭƳīľͨ󣬶īϣǵֶΡ
Щʿ˿Ҳһͬɥ֮Ȯһ㣬ƴЩĹ
ǵڶûа취⣬ʲô飬ΪʲôƬأͻȻ˳īĳ
ŷ¶˼־֮ɫŵĿǸһѣûմȾѪȵˣ૵콾벻ྐྵȻ֮󣡡
棬ô찡ȥȫᱻɱһŷҵʿѪһ˿ڣŷš
ŷǱߵĳīˣͣ
ŷߵˣȫһ
ͣ
ŷҵʷϣǴδֹ飡
֮սŷҹȥδһΡǲݵĽ֡ûκһΣսЭġ
´ȥôŷҵ󣬶һĴ
ǲͣⷨУǸ޷˼īֺİΣ֤ˣ
˵ʹ˵;ͣôõ飿īһŷҲӦ
˵ţīֱʩչһζŷȺ˷˹
ЩֶȻޱȣġҲһ˵֣
ǳīǻһ˵Ļó˵ֱʡ
еʿبδУƷʿеʿǰûκαȽϵ壡
˫Ͳһ£
˵ܹԪӤ㲼ַͬʱԦʿΨгīеʿɣ
ȻĻǷڵʿҲδ
ܹԦһѾ˲ˣ
ĴУÿʿѧġʲô綼ʩչģ
ŷⲻˣҲԶסΪԳīĵϸѾ׵ˡʵϣ˽Щīһëıضռϣ
˵ģֻ˵ī澳֮壬Ѿ׳ǵ֪⣡
һԪӤ۷ʿֱȫһڳīϣīҲǱ˶ѣһѪѾǺ˲õˡ
ԪӤ֮󣬳īøǿƥЩͳͳŷЩԶġ
ǾԼҵһ鱦ֻҪץסīסӽԺŷҾͿ̨סⲻ֪һΣߵ壬鷳
ⳡս֮ǰ˸ŷҵô˵Ļǿ϶ֱЦ
һīôţȥ
̤ԪӤ磬ԪӤ۷սΣ
ڣڳŷҵˣȫ׵׵һŻˣ죡
ϲûб̬ţλáûʸЩˣ
īûκ̸еĴ㣬ŷҼȻɳڶǿҪѹңôҪشʧ׼
Ѱ벽ʿɳˣûǹκЭĴ㣡
ǳԿˣоˣ̸УҪͣ
ŶûУ
ŷһ춯صŭ𣺡壬ȥʬΣоԱӽ첻ŷҽȻϣ
ڳŵʿ֮ͬǰЩʿеҴһ𣬼ʮ
ʮˣԺκһпƴɵڴ˿̣ȴȫޱȱ׳ĳīģȥ
ԱīЦһһ֣һ
ƬУ˲䱻һ⣬ŷЩʿȫޱ𺳵ķ֣ȻԵеȴ޷ڵԪӤ
Աɣ
ʮˣڳī;Уʧʮˣ
ԽǿīƬеķԽǿ󣬹ԽܼԪӤʿֹǰûκεֿ
ΪīģƬɽ̺
ЩʿǧΪܱȵģ
λǰԴ˵̤Ѿ˵һСˮͨһȫʩչ췭ظԻֲ׺ɣٻط
⣬


790 ֮
ϵʩչԳī˵Ҳһ൱޴ѹеɫ̨ϹâЩһСɫ̨м䣬ȻǳīԪӤ
Ȼû˼Գī˵Ҳܼ޽ƵʩչȥˡȻĻôǿҲվľе
һ
ī۾ֵָ
ɽеǰػܲ͸磡
ŷߣʮ˱նƬ
ʣ°˾Ÿȫ׷ˣΪնɱīǱȻҲҪ
һսŷҾ˶ʧѾû˼ȥˡܶȹǰһ˵
ճ嵽ԼǰȺ˵ԪӤ۷ʿī԰׵ϣ¶һ˿аЦ֮ǰαװͦõİɣǲǸһõĻþΪҺܺɱ
īһ˵һһ鼫Ʒ쾧ʯ
ķУƴ쾧ʯк嫵
̫ҪʱָͲܡָܻһһ㣬ܺùһ㶼ûС
ŷԡѪ״ĳųīСɱŷôˣ뿪
ϼһв㻹ʲôܸʲôʵ㣬үûȺ߹ҲȥǣǾӦùظлϲԱӣòң浱ƢãɱˣīЦŷϺöǣкöǶʸӵУúõɽ粻ȥҪȥڤ硭үͳȫ㣡
ī˵ţ̧־һ
꣡
˲һף
һף֮ͬף춯أ𺳵ؼһƬ
ţһ貶ĿĹâֱնŷ
ŷŵûɢζ벻īȻնһкĵ
ڤ˵嵶ף
һҲǳīո
ħʱ򣬸޷ʩչһīȴԣ
һնؼ䳹ױɫīƵĳУһĹԣҲסеϢ
ŷϵзһ˲䣬ȫȥ
꣡
һ
飡
ڶ
ϡﻩ
ļһֱڰ˼ȫ
īһѾնŷͷϣ

ŷȻ䱬һ춯صȻеĽͷϣסһ
ǣ
ϡ

ŷ˱мһ룬ͬԪӤڣϵޱȾȡ
Ѫգޡ
ˣȫһɵˣ
벽񰡣
һո̤ԪӤʿˣ
˵ĳ벽Ѿˡ⡭Ҳ̫˼˰ɣ
īһն֮Ҳ̲סоһޱǿҵ·ȫһˣ
ﻹа˸ˣ
˸ԪӤ۷ʿ
ǵȻҲȫѾ˺ۣǲûгʧȥеսǡһս֮
ֻǴ˿̣ԪӤ۷ʿƺŴˣǾվھīɵĵطȴȻûһ˸ĳī
һ֮סȺˣ
һ£֮ǰʮԪӤʿŷߣһٸԪӤʿ
ĶԪӤڣǿѾһֻˡ
һ֧飬龳κһЩɡҲһ°
˭뵽ⲻĵطȻꪳɳأǿʿ˻ˣ
Ҫǻīֵ̫ˣ
ŷҵȺʿû֮
ɲɵһкܴģ
ʱ򣬳īһģ̧е߱죬ָһԪӤ۷ʿһ֣¶һаȵЦݣһˣ
ԪӤ۷ʿһ־ľУתܣ
ʵ˴ʱīѾǿ֮ĩ̧гƥ߱죬Щ
ָ̧߱˵ŷ⼸Ҵ߿Ǵѹľٶ
īһֻ֣Ȼǿ쾧ʯĿ⣬ٴͶˡ
ʣ߸ʿīԼҲȫͷܣ
ǵнеѾ׵׵ıīϡã
ʲôܣʲôӸλʲôʲô桭ǹƨ
ȥ˭ϣ
ī΢΢һΣȻһ˵ǰҸҳүϣסˣȥǵļŷԣϴɾӣүȥգ
䣡
ʿʱܵĸˣ
գۼ䣬ͳʧ֮䡣
īʱҲ֧ŲסһΣн䵽һɽϡ
ĳҲ֮ɢ
һأһսûޱȹһĻ
ֱŨµĵز
ؼҲҪʵʣ
ԪӤʿٴΣûһ˵ԪӤѵǺƥľֱͬһ㣡
ŵ˵ط֮ڣһƬʥأ


791 Ѫħ
Ȼǰŷҳױ
ȻĻǾ鷢
Լ庣ĵطôܳΪ˵֮أ
˿̣īȴЩɽ֮׼ʼָ
ʱһͬʱһʣǾʣ̫ˣаҾȻһϷ
īȻۣ߹ˡ
һˣ룬һɫĳۣͷŷ٣òţϴŵЦһ߳ųīҽһ£ƶ壬Ѫħ̵ĵ棡Ǻǣ½ī˼ƶѾܶ궼ûмô˼ˡ
һ⣬˳ųīȻ䱬
ʶģҪֱھУ
ȫû뵽벶ȸںλѪħ澿ʲôʱģûһоҲûܸһʾ
ЦеĿųīѾˣ磿ȥģģҲƭ㡣Ѿܾúܾˣű㻯½֮ҾһֱˣطȻΪһƬս
īĬţĬһĿھȻѱ
ƵĵʱҶľģѾ˼¡ЦŷҾȻ㵱һͨʿԴȫʢڵ㣬ڽʱڣѾ̤ԪӤ㣬Ѿǿȴڵʿ£磬ûмƺ㡣ī˵˵ĶԲԣ
īһ߻ָһߵ˵ҵۣܳ
һս֮ҿһӿֲ㣡ЦеĿųīֻ֮ǰȫû뵽ǳīǺǣһֱҪѰҲҳˣԭ㡣
īһ壬Ҳ˵ʲô
װˣī˽꣬Աӻ콾𿴾粻ߣеЩ콾ͬʱҲһָȲˣϣЦԽԽʢȻȻ˵̸̸Σ
㲻Ҫɱôʲô̸ģī壬һ衣
ûԭȷɱġɱҵͽܣɱѪħ״ӣɱٱˡ˵ҵȷӦý㳹׳ҲͿԸӷĵȥץǸСˡ˵
īü䣬һǿҵɱ壺˭ҶҾŹ
СӣûһսڣҲԶԶģͬʱҲȷһ㡣ôٸһʱָҲҵĶ֡ԣú̸̸ɡ嵭һ۳ī
̸ʲô
ţ̸̸ϵЩشСһ̹ȻĵҶϵĸִзǳ棬ͬʱϵĸֱҲܺ档ϲܣһ֣ҶкܴȤеѵȻܼԦֲֿǵɢϢļ¡ѵҰɡ
īһе߱죺ȷҪ
Ȼεĵͷֱ˭Ҫ
ȷܼԦīЦʵ㣬ѵͨ飬ƾ㡭һµʸûУ
ԣô֪ء嵭˵԰Ӹҡ
īʱЦȻ֣Է̼ߡ˫ʵ໥̽
Ȼȷǿ֮ĩȴҲ̽һ൱СĽˡ
ҰЩ㣬ʲôôõ֮󣬲һҪɱңī壺һûôɵ
ЩңҲɱ㡣һĿųīҿñԪģҲɱ㣡
ܵģɱңǾͶְɡīҡҡͷ壺ҲϷˣˣֻһҲеλĴʱӵڣҲǶɡ
ʼձ΢Ц壬ֱʱЩˣЩŵĿųī㡭㾹Ȼ֪ʱ䣿
ģԶ˼㣿һˬʵЦԶɹһӰ˲䵽īǰ
һָݵˣȥҲʮ߰ӣܳһ˫ۣͷϵͷʮϡ裬ɢš
ƶѪħ󺣣
һԲӣһ߹ЦǺǵڳīǰƶѪħ̶ǮͨԪ
ǿߣ۽绹װԶʿĴڳīǰ
īЦǻǿңȻ棬Ѫħأôû
Գīûһ㿴̬ɫأͬʱƽȵ̬ԴѪħ̶ǮͨԪԲĴӣųī΢΢һЦسӵĻڱչأţľҲ˹ؼʱڣ֮󣬾ǲþ鹫֮ʱʱͿԻعɽ磬Ȼٻعˣ
Ѫħ󺣵ͷܳ㽫κϣ


792 һ
īһ㶣һԾĿѪħ棬λָݵĳªӣ˵ʲô
ܾǲΪʲôҪɱԼϴ󣿡ǮͨԪͦԲĴӣųī˵治ô֮գ˵ڡţԭĸˡ屻ɱˡ
ʲô˼ҲסīüͷˣȷЩͿˡ
˵ɡѪħ忴ųī˵ֻ½ĻôѾˣһɱѪħڶӣɱֵܵˣǲϡǳī涼ʮּɵǸţ⡭ˡ
ī˵ȻˣΪʲôҪΧ´ķ󣿡
·󣬲㣬Ϊ˷ֹ֪ͬʱҲΪ˷̸ֹ֮ȥ忴ųī˵Ҿã֮ӦǿԺġǡ㲻ɱѪħ档
ҵȻҪɱī˵һὫʬΣ
֪Ѫħ棬ֻѪħһ˵ķһһٸѾɹ˾ʮŸֻһͿ񹦴ˣ
īü˵֪һ飬˽ĲࡣѪħ񹦴ɣպΪ𣬶˵ӦֻкôûκλǡǶĹ£ôǳ֣
㲻˽˵һѪħƻΪҪһˣΪʵĿģϧ𽵹󣬸˽ݣѪħ̣Ȼһ𲢳Ѫħ档ڣ𣿡
ī㶣Ȼ˵˼˵Ѫħݵǽݣ˵Լԣɹʱ򣬾Իɱǣ
ܴ˵ݵʱֻ֪һ˲õĴʵǿֲϷԣĸԸΪϴ󡣽ģʱƣ֪ԽԽࡣ桭ҲԽԽ£
ǮͨԪͦŴӿЦǸʱ˵ʲôѾˣֻмϣô飬ôҲΪô顣
Цֱ⼸꣬ǲŷ֣Զûô򵥣屻ɱַ֮ӦǿĺͬʱҲһ飬ȥĻЩˣС
ΪʲôôȷīЩɻĿˣǸѪӼߵˣչҪµİ
ΪʲôôȷЦһǸദ꣡Ȼޱ˽⣡Ҫġˣħ壬ôǵĴڣվǸķݹˣһɾ𣬳ΪƬǿϵߣȺСʿʲôⱲӶûл뿪磬ˡǾôĻۣĲ˵һڣ磬ǲģʱЩһ˵ȥָķţħ¡ָζԴǣ
ǮͨԪ˵Ψ˵ӦõĽ֡
ǲʡ˵
īͷƺЩˣô˵ѪħȷǵΪʲôڶ֣
ڻҪǣ˵黹ûɹΪεĺܺãǶʲôǺǣһǰʹǴԴ˵ҪŬɾ͵֮λǼֵܣȫ֪֮ʲôܹгһ̤޽ɾ磬Ԫ˵ѾǼˣ
ԡҪȥɱīˣûôɱɣ
Ȼûôɱɱ䣬ŷҵľ񼸺ȫͬ飬Ѫħʮŷҵʿһܣ˵
ʵȫþҲһ콾ǮͨԪ˵Ȼˡ
ħľ콾ܹλ顭󺣸̾š
ǣҪôīǸ㣿ǰӦϣնɱ
û㡣Ц
ӦϸܣչصĵطǶ֪˵
īͷߣҲҲУʲôѵңѪħΣյ𣿡
Ȼǡҡͷ˵Ѫħıչڣһ¡֮󣬾Ϳֱȥɲλ
īһĨȱĺ⡣
û˵û㣬ǡڲɲĹؼʱ̣һʱֻҪǸʱֱӶ֣ǵĳɹʣԴﵽɣ
ǮͨԪͷ֮⣬ûκλᣡ
УīҡͷܾҾܵκε˺һƻɡ


793 
֮ǰǸС塭ҲСǮͨԪ˵
īٴҡͷҲУ
ǡǮͨԪЩɡ
ī̧ͷһĿǰˣҲô˶ٶǲǺܸЩҶûʲôֱӵĹϵҲҪǳŵպΪۣƶбǵ飬ԺҪᡣҾ˵ķʽȫԼ
ӣô˵˵һἺΪˡǰѻλͽ˵ˣӦġ
ԣīʱѾָһ֣վնĵǾֻһƻĻǻȥɡҾ͵ûǣһգҸѪħϡ裬һֻɱǡ裬Ҳǣ
ӣĲٺúÿǿˣֻҪǲõͽܲܵκΣģǮͨԪȰ
ԲУīǮͨԪʵŮ˵Ļ𣿡
ǮͨԪʱ˵һȻûʲôǰ˵Ϊ˵īҲšԼţ
īˣ˵Щ̫߿Ѫħ棬ҲЩ̫Сˡһǰɣһʱ䣬ҳԸİ취ҲҪΪҴʲô鱨ֻΪһ¡
ʲô£̧ͷųīûмƽϳīǿӲ
Ѿ幫ľڷλҡī˵ҵŮˣû˺
⡭΢΢üͷһǮͨԪˡ
ɡǮͨԪ̾ϢһȻ˵Ѫħ治ǶҪԣʵһϵƣ˭Ҳܲˣ
ͷȻôķʽ˳īľڵء
ʱ򣬳īȻһ䣺ٱ˵İٱѪħʶ𣿡
ţ˶һȻ󶼴ӶԷпһĨ֮ɫ
ţ޾ľϲ
ܣ
ܣ
ܣ
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循ϲĵôİٱϴ󡭡Ҳû취ʶƣϴ˵żȻõİٱӦĳλ𴫳еһ֣
ѵٱȥˣⶫ˺ܶꡭûлһۡĽ˸Ŀųī
ǮͨԪ󺣵Ϊ󺣵ļ򣺡˰ˣǰѰٱֵܣܲɹһ£ˣ˭ɱϴ󣿡
㶣Ȼҡͷ̾Ϣһ˵
忴ųī˵Ȼǡ˵лɱɹ
ԣǾͰѹǵ飬ȫҰɡīˣ˵
ʲô˶һ㶣漴ȫӦųīҪǵӣ
˱ǵ֮⣬һлӴ𣿡ī˵ԼˣһɹǶǿԾܾңҲԼ취ǵˡ
ã˵˵һҧ󺣺ǮͨԪô
ôɣ˵ǵϢУҪͣ죬óӳϤǵһһһЩϸڣȫó֪ȻĻǸ϶ģ˵ܿǹһ񡣵ʱ˭ǮͨԪ˵Щ⣬Ҳʮͨ͸
գīһֱָͬʱϵĹ۲ǮͨԪ󺣺˵һһ
ҲǵƽһЩ£һ˿ġȫ֪˳ī
īͷβ˻ȻҲ٣ȫڰʡʮĶвûй
֮£ŻŷеһЩˣҪ˻֪ٱ
Ǻʱ򣬾ʶϴ󡣽֮ҲһǲȱֲȱԴȻϴҪǱҪ͵£ٻ£Ǹ˼ҲûǸʱ䣡󺣶Գīɻ󣬸ԼĽ͡
ʱת۹ȥ죬īҲ׻ָһսīΪٴ
Ҳīǣ׼ȥˡ
γǱѪħ棬뿪ʱ̫ã˵ͻĻˡ
󣬳ī˸ǣһˣص˽ǡ
ĹǼҪˣ
֪Щˣȫޱܡ
ûܹ뵽īȻĴŷҵİΧл
֮ǰս췭ظȻī֮УǶȻǵ˸е𺳡
īĹֱһ漣
ŵƽʣԷϽͷ졣ңԶǡ˿ȴһ
ǣȫ죡
ǰԪӤ۷ʿûлȥϢȴѾǡ
ŷңϵ¡һƬţ
ŷԹһչ֮ص棬


794 ŷͼ
ڣˣʧ˴֣涼˰ŷһ
չ֮طǳֻԶд
ϲظԤŷͬŷҵһλ벽棬չ꣬񾳽磬ӲءǶԼеﲻŲʡܶŷҵûмλ档
棬Ϊŷͼܼйء
ŷͼʱ򣬲һž޵ţ෴ڵʱܶͬУһ۲۵ı
ŷͼǸʱܶ˶ΪκγϢЦ
ŷͼĳҲôãŷҵ֧Сֺݣ˵Щ߲㣬ĸĸôϲӡʲôδֻҪܹıŵ˾ͺá
СȱٹذŷͼԸ񰲾Щˣ̤ԪӤ֮ʵѸ͡飬Ҳû˲ı仯
˵ŷͼӦŷң͵һǿߡ
Ҳûκι¼ƽٻ˷ļΣҲǵ㵽Ϊֹ
һʿġ޵
һŷʧأŷȻ뵽廹һڡ
ŷʵŷͼġ˵ŷͼΪߣǱŷôƾʲôɱ̤ԪӤ磿ûŷң㹷ƨǣ
ָּŷͼһûֻǵһЦת뿪չءһ֮ŷͼûгع
ҲŷҺܶӵܣλ棬вûж֮⡣
ŷȴ֪һ£
Ǿǣʱڵͼ֮˽ŷ˵һ仰
һһӴ򲻳һƨĶҲ
ʱŷ˵仰ʱ򣬷ǳ棬һ˵Ц˼ûС
ټŷȫ֪ǿưԵŷͼĺĻǾ˵ֻġ
һŷҵʧʵ̫ˣȫܲĳ̶ȡŷҲֻŷͼ棬ɱī
Ѿǵѩ޵ˣܽīɱôͷȳīϢʮа˾Ż̤ǣŷҴɱ䣡
ǵȵǸʱ򣬻˭ī
ͼ棬֪ϲϲһΡѾȵŷҵͷˣۿŷҾΣͼ棬ءɹһεѹأŷԼ
ʵϣѾΣ
ֻÿһΣչ֮صĶУûκλӦŷԲģһβΣβСΣ
컹ǲУ컹ֱŷͼΪֹ
ʱǱչصĶ֮Уڴһϵ
Ȼ˻Ӧȴֻ֡
ŷԵϣ¶ߺ֮ɫҲֻܼ󣺡ͼ棬ڿ˵ˣ֪ⶼǵĴǲӦȥǸˣڲ̸εʱѾŷ֮ʡ
ûôءУٴδŷͼϵ
ŷ淭ŵŭѹƣͼ棬ôûôأʲôأǲǷҪŷȫ˲أͼ棬֪ϲܣϲɱ¾ͼûһ£ûŷңͼĽ𣿡
ŷҲȥˣһŷʧޱȲأʵǴ˸ۡ
īһʱûйЩŷҵҲпܻŷҷȫĴʱûһǿŷпܻٲ
ãдһ̾
ŷͼϵðɣ飬һ档ֻһΣ
ŷԼ˵ŷͼ϶ʱ¶ϲɫ飬鷳棿һξ͹ˣͼԭ¸ո鼱֮¿ڲԡ
ˡУٴδһ̾ȻȻ
ŷԺһŷͼʲôʱ֣룬ȻѾӦôͲᷴڡʲôʱ֣ǾͿԼˡ
ŷߺûãһݲСߣӶ߳һܣûж˵ʲôֻһ̧ţ˲ʧԭء
ͼˣ
ͼѾȥˣ
̫ˣŷҵĳһܱˣ
ŷͼȥϢܿ촫ŷ£ʹðһƬŷ£ȫϣ
ǰҴļʿϢīսǳǿ󣬵÷ӿ£һʦʦġ
ԣҪɱīͲл᲼÷
һ㣬ŷѾ֮ǰ˵ŷͼˣŷҵ˶ãһͼ֣īǸ˿϶


795 ½ĵ
Уīڸ˽
һνǳī鵤Ӥ֮һЩĵãڳī֮ǰʫͶˣѾȺ󽲹Լ鵤Ӥĵᡣ
ͨ˵ĽЩȫǳ
Ȼ˵ľвͬ鵤ӤḶ́ǲġҲṩõĲο
ΪʲôӵΪô죿ΪԴΪǿԽ̫ǰ˵ľ飡
ɢͬǸûлõЩ֪ʶһУֻܿԼ
ʫͶŮȫ֮ˮĵʣǵΪҪ˶ܶࡣѾ˫˫ﵽ˽۷壬ʼΪ鵤Ӥ׼ˡ
һѩСѾͻƋOҲȫǵսȫԶͬʿΪģȫ𴫳У
ȻĿǰľ磬ֻ򵽴еһƤëѣЩʿǵʵ̫ˣ
Բ˵ǳī״ӣСƣȻûôҲûбһȥ
ʲôʱ鵤Ӥ̤ԪӤ磬лٴθ塣ƣøԡ
ط硢˪ЩˣȻ䲻СˣȴΪƷԵʣһҲȫġ
ī֮󣬽ӻлһЩԴַַˡ
УҲǰ½
еЩҩ½һ𺳣Ѿ֪˺ܶ顣Ȼŵĸо
벻ԼȻ׵ľ͵õЩȥ붼Ķ治ɸϣܹһֱڣ½ǱҲû˿½ôʯκУǱ߶ûκδ𸴡Ҳ½еǡ
˵õԴ֮׼ٴλȥչҲ½л˵˸ɢȥʱ½
Ǹ졭½ƺѸĿڣһֱϲгī磬ֻʣˣ֣ȴЩвڣųīЩ˼ĵӡ
ֱӽҳīġī½ЦЦ
ðɣҾͽīɡ½ԭҲǿʵӣֻΪ꾭һЩʣűóʵû̫ı仯
īͷڵ𣿡
ǰѾ˰࣬ʱ˵ȥȥͻصġ½¶ֵ֮ɫ˵鶯ɽŵ״ӣ̫Ӧóʲô⡣ʱ䣬ôʯϵ
ǣûŴݹȥ𣿡ī΢΢üҲЩΡ
ī棬鶯ɽû̫ĺøСǳµʱǱ߸ͷڹһһֱûг档
ֱŸҲûа㶯
˵¸鶯ɽϵ󣬵īǾãǸɣûʲô֮һˮеء
ˮλԣԴ뿪֮ҲûϢҲ֪ôˡ
½˵ͷеģǰҾдһţͨȥʱ䣬ҽӦýӵǷˡȻûκϢ
īˣ˵ͷȻ÷ˮ֮ͨһã̧ͷ½
ôˣ½Ҳ֪һīƺóռ֮
ܰȫī΢΢üͷƺ鶯ɽС
ţ½Ҳüͷ
óĽƺһңԶĵطīЩɵ˵֮ǰû˵ⷽ𣿱˵ҪԶ֮ġ
½룬Ȼһ֪ˣ
˵ţųī˵ʵһλؼҵʱ򣬾͸˵ʱ׼еļͬһȥִһɵֻҪɣôҲͿԳʦˡʸһˣʼ䣡ֻǼΪʣû顣һߵʱҲû˵ֻ˵ȥʦҪʦѵȥˣ
ī룬Ȼ˵ܡκһɣˡҪеõԴõͱҪΪסȥ֮󣬱ҪٳʦҲпܡ
ǽȥ񣬵Ҳʯذ½һѽ⡣
ī˵ĳС棬ϵϡҲпܡ
ԭǣлл㰡ī½վųīʩȻȻżʧ֮ɫİ˲١
û£Ӧõġī΢΢һЦ漴ɫһ䣬һԶʣ½˵Ȼȥɣȥһ¡
ī˵ţֱһʧԭء
½ҲԶʣȴʲôûп
૵ĪǡʲôѰˣ
īΣһֱ̣ӳڽ⼸ĵطȻԶߣһСӰһ
Ѿǳī˵ʮֲϣ˫ƽͣڳīϣ´


796 ʯ
ǣī˵ϣûиܵκεɱ棬ȴ˿ûзɾ裬Щ
ով͸Ӧ˾ǳģԣûڽֱͣӷ˳
ߣīĪļ¡
ҽŷͼʮ̹ȻĿųīɱ㡣
ŷҵˣī΢΢üߡ
ߵͷȻ˵㻹ǸӣҲ۸㡣ȶְɡ
ȵȡīƣʱЩ˵ͷôƽͣôô
£ŷͼųīޱϲ
˵ɱң𣿡īߣΪЩ˱𣿡
ǡŷͼϧ𣬻٣һ۳īǷֹδŷҡ
δŷңΪʲôҪôīߵ´һʼʼŷҵƶȻӦþ˽ǰġ
ǲҪŷͼųīô
ûʲô˵ˣְɡīҲˣֽˣûʲô취
㲻ûϵֻҪ϶Ǿˡŷͼˡ
ȳ֡ŷͼųīݵ˵
ī̧־һȭֱӺŷͼš
ȭ֮ȭ
һȭƥذأſֱֲӽմ򴩣
ŷͼɫҲ΢΢һ䣬֮ǰѾ֪˲򵥣û뵽սȻ֮ǿ
һȭȻҲӲӡ
ŷͼһҪܿīһȭ𾪵ǣεĶԷȭͷȻĸϵӰһ㣬˦
ŷͼ֮£ֱֱ̧ۣӼסīһȭ
ǣ
һ΢Ĺ
ŷͼʮ
īɫ͵һ䣬һ˿Ѫ˳
һȭŷͼֱѣȴŷͼֱϴ˼࣡
īоԼžҵķһλһ㡣
ŷͼϵľȣҪȳīǿңЩŵĿųīȻû
ŷͼոһһɽܱ״ĩǰôǿҲǸԪӤڵʿסһ¡
ʵȴǳԾ
īŷͼЩЦã˼ҶԼҪ̫˰ɣ
ֱ۵һ£˻ɱбЦ
һīҲ֪ǰ˲ǣ
һ벽ʿңޱۻ룡
֮ǰŷ϶Ķ֣
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˫ת˲໥ʮС
ʼգīûʹ߱죬ŷͼҲûж
˫Լͬѡ˽սսҪպܶ౶һСģп˽ǡһ㣬֮ǡ
˫Ҫսپѡַʽ
䣡
һǺݺݵĶԺ䡣
ī岻ϵˣɳɡ
ŷͼ壬ҲͬɳԶųīüͷܲһ㣡ӦòǾżʣʡѾﵽ쾳ɣ
īŷͼû˵г衣ΪȻʼһŷͼֱۡսУȴûռٱˣ
īʱòһŷͼȴóīһ
ԪӤ۷壬ʯʡ
벽ʿгľ磬ûбɣԣϢȻԪӤ۷塣ؼںʯϡ
Ȼī֪һʲôʣӦøԼͽܷСࡣҲһָڵʡ
벻ŷ˰
һŷƽѪ콾ϱ桭ȻҲǿߡ
֪˶Էʵǿ֮󣬳īҲ˶Էĵġǿʼ˴󿪴ϣֱӸԷƴʵս
˵ƺЩ澳֮ȥѹƶԷ

īжûʲôޣҲ̸ʲôƫƫƫɱԼġ
ȻôչֶҲûʲô
īͻȻøӱŷͼЩϲҲ³īʲһˡԼʡȴţ
ûʸǿʿء
䣡
˫ݺݵٴӲƴһǡ
ŷͼ죬оѹʱĿʼ˵
ŷԸϢ˵ѪǿƥԽ硣ڿʡͬҲ
пܡҵĲ
ȻԸϣŷͼǺܿʶ⡣
Ӵָ棬ȡһѺصĴ󽣡
Ѵ󽣣Ҫ˫סһɶ೤ؽ޷棬ȥһŰƵġ
ŷͼ趯󽣣ųīݺն
ˣ
жʱһޱȳƵ졣
īУһ
ϣ


797 Ҿ
ŷͼгصĴ󽣣Ӧϣۿŵͷŷͼŵһವһ˳ԶȻһֵĿųīѵɫޱȳ
ԪӤڵʿȻǿֵز
⻹һֻ̤ڵʿҪͬģ˭Ķ֣
ѹְŷ˵СڻжĹעϧΪĴзһ콾ϧѽΪʲôŷ֮䲻أ
ŷͼһɱʿȻԼţȴǺŵģ
Ŭţ
ŷԵĻܹ˵ʵķǳ졣һʱ䲻ܾͻһӡ˵˲һţһŬ
ˣֻҪӦңԶΪŷңҽԷŹ㡣ʹģŷͼ˵һ仰ʵϣһ棬һ棬ԼЩûãУѾˣһ˿ľ⣡
Լûκ⣬Ҫɱûôף
һУɱԷǼֱһجΣ
īŷͼ˵Ļܴŷҵ־𣿴һʼҾûǹŷңǡ۸ͷϣȻִŴǿߣҪѹǡʼգǶûŷҴӽԺԼԼΪ鷳ĻôҿԴӦ㣬ʹ˷Źŷҡ
ŷͼʱĬˣΪ;ŷҵ־ţŷңûм˻
ŷǿ棬ŷҵĵλŷƽֵճӵܶ硣
ŷͼ̾Ϣһ¶Ȼ
ǣҪô뿪ҪôǾͼսȥֱֳʤīŷͼʵϣҲܸоŷҵ˲һ
ңվŷҵˡܼĶ̫ࡣܿżʹ˳ȥŷͼ̾ϢһˣսɣܱɱҲź
˵ţŷͼչ
սܽīôҲֻʹˡ
ŷͼͬʮǿ٣УĹֶΣǸ
ǳī
һܶ𴫳еˡ
īǲ£
һʱ䣬бѤõĹâԶԶȥɷǺÿ
κһе㾭ˣȫɫȻԶԶܿΪһѤĹâУȫ̺޾ɱ
¡
һ죬īУһ貵Ĺ⡣
īԶԶݿȻֻ
âնŷͼ
ٴսٸغϡ
˫ϣȫˣȴȻûзֳʤ
˫սѾĽǡչصЩˣҲȫս
Фˣ͹ˣԶգûгָԤΪǿ벽Ĵܣû˿·ļûҪ֡
ϣ
īеĵһһ⣬նŷͼӡ
ӦܿŷͼȴӲôһѪʱŷͼʳ
һŷͼ屻ն룡
ŷͼȴᣬһӡݺڳīؿڡ
ī۵һһѪͬߵķһ㣬ȥ
Фд󼱣Ҫ֡
Ǳ𶯣īһת⣬סеƣȻȵԼ
õĽҪѪħ棬ǰһضˡôӿֲĶ֣
䣡
īеɫ̨֮ϣ貶ĿĹԣķҲڷеС
īսָ۷״̬
ȻһΣɱŷͼ
һΣŷͼǳױˡ
ԭΪԼһԷҪʧȥսȴôû뵽Էûгʧȥսս£
ŷͼ̾ϢһһԶλʿףһսΣҲȡ߳ī෴ȥܻܿ
뵽⣬ŷͼȻ俪˵Ҿˡ
ī΢΢һԭŷͼһֱӺһԡ
¡¡
һ죬һɽīһֱӺ÷飡
Ʒû˵ǰӡŷͼųīɱ㣬ҲˡԺŷҵ飬޹ء
˵ţŷͼתߣߵķǳɴ࣬ûһ˿ԥ
ФīߣŷͼȥıӰ˸⣺ˣҪҪ׷ȥ
īҡҡͷ߰ɡ
˺Σգˣ¶Ķ֡Ф˵
е˵ͷ
ī˵ţ뿪ԺӦòٳŷˡ
ţ˹ȥԣû˵֡ŷҡҲûжߵĵλФ˵Ӧֻû취ܾ󣬲ġ
ԺҪȻĻɺܴ˵


798 󹫼
һս֮󣬳īٴν뵽չ״̬½ûܼī
תۼ䣬ʱٴιȥ
֮⣬
Ҳٴλָķұø
ЩСеӵܣڼƷҩ֮£˾޴ĽȻش꣬ǵʵᷢ츲صı仯
ȹȥǿ
ˣЩȫĸԸĽԴԴԴϵ͵ȥ
ڳĲֿ⣬ı⡣ȴûκˣȥⱦ⡣
һ˳عΣȥ˼ν֮أֻƮ칬Ӳſöӡǡǽֱ֮ӽǣ
һ죬һֻ󹫼Ĵ˳ǡ·˼޲𾪲ѡΪܶˣǵֻ
ⲻ֮ǰīֻ󹫼𣿡
īѾʧ˺ܾˣֻҲһʧôͻȻˣ
ǧֻܲǣ
󹫼Խǵۣţһ·ķȥ
ȥƺûرԵı仯۾ƺȹȥ֣ëɫҲһЩȻǸģ
˳ſڣ󹫼ֱӾҪ±סüͷŴ󹫼˭ҵļ
󹫼ʱˣôˣˣүСӡʲôүÿ
ʱĿɿڴ˶ˣۿŴ󹫼ĽȥŻعҳȥǳֻҰĵط
󹫼Ȼ䱬һƣͷ˵˭
ʱһƨڵϣֻϱϢĸо
ʱԺжʱһ
һҲֻд󹫼õһ֮еĽʽ
ţһһɶ೤ȼŻವһ£ڴ󹫼ǰ
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󹫼ʱҲ΢΢һ漴һ䣬ֱӱһֻʽҲһɴСأâĶš
˭ʵ
󹫼ϸ˻ۣȻͻȻЦС棿
߰ϲƺΪСģ񱻴󹫼ôУʱŭɶ
󹫼һ仰ʱûŭͬˮȥ
С棬㻹ǵõʳ𣿡󹫼УżϷʣҪǼүһͱ˳ιˣүӦûϴɣǸùɣ
㡭켦У𺳣Ŵ󹫼ãȻͻȻ仯һ󺺵ģֱӶԴ󹫼򵹱ݣС׾ûܿ켦ǰ켦ǰˡ
ˣղŻצأװˡ󹫼˸ۣҲԭļ
Բ켦ǰӡ̫ˣѾò̫⡣Ҳٴλһɳ̵ĻŴ󹫼˵
ô󹫼Ż㲻Ӧ𣿡
켦ǰôҲǸ󹫼ͬʱڵģȻЦҵ걻˸ӡһƱ棬Ȼֱӵֱ˳īӡ
īȻҲһСһ󹫼¸Ц˼Ȼ˵Ҳͬˣү顭Ͳ˵ˣǵù
ѵ켦ǰҲʶīһϲ
󹫼ͷʶ硣
ʱ򣬳īѾӱչֱ֮߳
󹫼ī۾ʱһСӣ԰ȻѾ嵽ԪӤ߼ľˣѾʸүһˣ
īһ۴󹫼Ҳʮ־ȣ֮£ֻϢѾ
켦ԪӤ۷徳磬Ѫ塣
һ಻󹫼Ȼĳɹˣ
˷Ѫ˷壡
ɹˣīϲĿŴ󹫼
ǰү˭¸¸¸£һ󹫼ĵ
һԿһĻЩĽ벻켦ǰȻҲīʶҿӣ鲻ǳͬʱҲԳīʵٶȸе𺳣
Ȼ磬֮£ʿٶ֡
磡
ֻ
īдļƷ쾧ʯֻĵ磬ٶȣҲ˾°ˡ
ָһ죬ûôңԶ
š
Ҳ׷׳أ󹫼ȫǳϲ
īȫֱ֮һϢҪʱ뿪һʱ䡣
һƺȫµ˳īȥȻ֪ôһ죬һ쵽֮ʱ˵ǱЩ䣬ҲЩš
ٵȵ𣿡һ￴ųīڻЩɣ
ī΢΢ҡͷˣұҪǰȻĻ»ᷢʡ
ðɣǣౣأһûж˵ʲôֻĿһ۳īǶ
󹫼һԷŰۣ˵СӣһǹİɣүճأҪߣ
īЦЦһ𣡡


799 Ѫħ
Ѫħ̡
һ׷ͯòŵߣڶſڵһʯ棬ϴζı飬ǰˡߣѪħ棡
Щ֣ѪħһЦǲǾãҲӦڳأǲΪҳصʱ䣬аࣿ
Ѫħ̵ĶǮͨԪ󺣺ȫһЦݣѪħʩ񣺡ϲǰأ
ǺǺǺǡѪħĺЦ·ǻеһ㡣ţ۾ǰ⼸ˣȻ˵ǸҡҲм˰ɣ
ǮͨԪͷ棬Ѿʮˡ
ѵģȻǵôѪħ˸ǮͨԪ̾Ϣһ᲻ɱǡ
ǮͨԪ໥һۣڵأѪħǰ
ǮͨԪŵ棬ΪʲôҪɱǣ
˵Ǹ棬ľ˿иΪʲô
̾ϢѵֻΪҵȸݹһҪɱ𣿵ݵˣҲʱǰΪūͣҲ޶
Ѫħ˸ЦǺǵĵǰǰ˵ĶеʵӦðΪū͵ġ٣ūɱҲɱˣֵܡô˵мڵġԣһֱҲԥҪҪɱǡ
Ѫħ˵ţϵı䣬ǣң
˵΢΢һȫ¶ί֮ɫ
ǲǰװЩ飬ҼǧǰʣµģѪħЦ½ǳīī˽Ǹ꣬԰ɣ
˵Уȫ¶Ȼ֮ɫѪħ浽ô֪ġ
Ѫħ¶һĨ֮ɫҧŷǱϢ˵ıǸˣ
ˣǮͨԪ󺣺ŷ֣ʱ鳹װ¶ˡ벻ŷǱ߾ȻֱӸѪħϵϣ
ߣҵֶΣǸ޷ף磬û˵ˣѪħЦѪħ֮ǰѾдһȦǻ˵£ҵʱ˵ģȥսЩɵǿߡٺ٣ʵҵȷȥսЩǿߡڴ֮涼ĺôԣЩ˷ǵûкңȫǷĶ飡£Щ˵ҲȫߵȼĻܣǲ˵κģ
ǮͨԪ̾Ϣһٶദǳ˽Ѫħ棬Ѿ˵ݶϣҲ˵ѪħŹˡ
ţǮͨԪѪħ˵棬ǶˣԸ濴ôϣҵһ·
ǺǺǺǡѪħһЦȻ˵ô𣿡
̸ϺڣҵԴ֪ݵ𣬾Ѿ֪϶н졣ԣǲŻҪ˽飬Ժʧܵĺ֮ءҲϣ濴ЩΪ渶ôķϡܸһǮͨԪ˵ţ̲סˮˣ
죬Ȼȴһԡ
϶α㲻˽ˣħûκԿԣ
˵ţ̧ͷѪħ棺һ򣬹Ľݴ硣㣬ѾѪħˣôȻˣҪɱɱɡȻһΣתֻءһ𣿡
ǺǺǺǡѪħ濴󺣣ζĵƢȻһġƻΪô˵Ҿͻĵһ·԰ɣƫ
Ѫħ˵ţһץ
飡
󺣵Ȼ飬һƬѪ壬Ȼһ˿ۼû£
ƫƫģ󺣵ԪӤȴûܵ˿ˣѹá
Ѫħһ֣ѾȫԽʿ֪
ͨ
ڶʿͨ

磡
ǮͨԪĿѣ
Ѫħ濴󺣵ԪӤٺһЦţѽ
ޣ󺣵ԪӤѪħݺݵһڣɱҰɣ
Ǿͳȫ㣡ѪħЦеģһա
ҪǮͨԪ˴ŭ
޷ֹѪħĶ
ֻ󺣵ԪӤһ±嫵ľûȳ˷ͱѪħһֱ뵽СȻ󣬰રζ
϶ӸƴˣǮͨԪȻֱѪħ֡
ǱߵҲͬһѪħ档
ǵĶȫ쵽˼飡
ԪӤ۷ʵױ
ûõġѪħҡҡͷ֣һա
飡
飡
ǮͨԪ׷ױ顣
ԪӤȫ޷
ѪħЦеһһȥ
УĲҽȻ󡭡һйƽ


800 󺣵
һУѪħĺǺǺǺǵļЦȻվòʼ仯ͷɫһȥں
Ȼ塭ȫʼ仯
Ƭ֮ѪħӺ׷ͯյߣֱӱһȥʮӣòʮֿʣȻ󡭡ϣȡһ
⻭񡭡ȻǳīĻ
ȻѪħһһġ˳īӣ
󣬾ǳīվҲһվӵĸо
ѪħᲱӣȻ󷢳һꡭңڼˣȻīһģһ
Ȼ󣬱īģѪħ棬̲סٺЦûԼĵīīζ벻Ҳٱɣٱˣޣʲôٱˣ֪ǰٱһż巢ֵģ᲻̫ȼ֮ˣǺǺǺǡϣۡȨı滹ûأ
˵ţѪħֱ˳īꡭѪѪħҪˣҡˣߣ
ţѪħֱŮȻ
ī磬ҲߣҪҲҪһ飡
ɵˣһһѪħҪ¯Ķˣ꣬ߣ߰
ī磬ҲٽǸħңһɣ
ֲͬѪħĿзֻû˻Ǵһ﷢ġ
ţѪħ滻ԼǺǺǺǵЦСѾͷƬӣȻϲīҾͳȫˣǰ鵽һŮһֵ飬
Ѫħ˵ţһ˲ڸ֮ϡͷһ۽µѪħ̣ȻȻһ
Ѫħ̣ĵӣ˲仯һƬƬѪѪ̺ĹѪħС
ȺѪħ̵ӣǵ֪Լôģ
ȻѪħ룬૵īڶѾûκвҲŹ㣡Ҵ⣿ǸһΣ
˵ţѪħ΢΢˫ۣһ̣УɡĽУһ͵˫ۣȻ촽΢˵һʲô
ţЩɡУܿ궯
һʱдʿڵɡɳǷеķȫͬһ
ǣ
һ֮Ѫħһһ˦䣬γ޾ɭֱ֣ӷȥ

īڴ󹫼ıϣһ㣬ű޾ɭּٷС
Ȼ䣬īоؿڵĲһɾ˵
ʾ
īѾܶûдӲϸܵˣɫʱһ䡣
ţһֻɫݣԼ֮⣬ųī
еٶȣȻֻȴ󹫼΢ôһ㣡
ī֮ǰɫݷһУȻֱӷī
󹫼һҪ֡
īȴûж⣡
ʱǰɫѾٳīͷצһɣȻһöȻֻһɫߡ
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ӣţ˵ѾѪħˡûʲôҲƭ㡣Ѫħֶκ̣ߵĵزȻҲϣ㿴ţԤУӦûῴ
дŵģȻѪħ̵󺣣
˵ǰɫݣСʱǱ˴ͨˣɫݿ϶һʱ֪Ȼ󣬾ͻὫ͵īС
ڰɫҵīģ󺣲û˵ΪһԪӤ۷ǿߣѪħ߶ꡣֶΣҲʲô
ϣ󺣸߳īѪħֶζ಻ʤޱȽƻīţ˵Ѫħǰˣ
ǰζʲôȻԶ
Ѫħ治κˣԣ˵ĳʱ䣬δ档ǿţһҪӿٶȣȥŮˡȻĻ϶⣡⣬ѪħӦøĶŴ壬˽¶ϵһŹ㣬˵ͻһЩŴȥԸ㡣ԣҲһҪСһ㡣Ҫǰ뿪ȴԺʧ𡣡
ϻ˵˺ܶණǹѪħһЩ飬֮ǰ֪ģȫ˳ī
˵ϣ㿴ܹ֮Ǳ𡣵ҸϣܻȥҪȥǵ飡ķֲأҪȥɽڣûաȥбĻᡣ
īе֮ﲻһ˿
ǲ֪Ѫħж£ȴǵһθоѪħĿ³̶ȣȻԶԶ֪
īŴ󹫼Ȼ˵󹫼ûȥ


801 ޾ɭ
󹫼ųīСӣ˼ѪħһľУڵʵĶ֣˵ĵʿôٶ࣬үţҲа취ΨѪħ治У
֪īͷǰ󺣵˵ѪħʹеЩɡΧǵĻǸס
󹫼ߺ޵
ԣ󹫼Ǳ߾Ͱˣţһа취Ҷסģ𣿡īŴ󹫼
󹫼ŭôôżүа취
Ǻǣ˭µһīЦ
Դ󹫼ȷžԵģ󹫼ʶôˣԴ󹫼Ƿǳ˽ġ𿴴󹫼ƽﾭһЩ׵飬ĵȴǳ˽磬ܵƣڴ󹫼Щǡ
磬ǵѪ󹫼ľֱһǧ˵ֻӸ˵ҲͬһµĿ³̶ȣѪħ棬Щʿȴ֪˶ٱ
ԣīţֻҪ󹫼ȥһа취סǣ
ǣҪӦүһ£ȻĻүʱ϶ӣ󹫼ųī㲻
īĬţԥһ¡
һ޾ɭ֮ãԼĲұ֤ܻܲŻϾԵĶ֣Щʿ
үߵӦү޷ı䣬ҪŻ󹫼е棬ųī˵Ӧң
īŴ󹫼ãŵͷãҴӦ㣡
ǾûˣİСӣסһǣػһ磬ү֤Щ˵ռˣ󹫼ظ֤
ãЩˣͽˣīмĿŴ󹫼Ҳ뵱ǵ飬ٷһΣ
󹫼ͷİɣЩˣүûǸסһǣүǿԵģ
ãǾټīûٶ˵ʲôŴ󹫼涼
˷ֵ𣬴󹫼Žǵķɻȥīű޾ɭ֣޷˵ķȥ

籱һ޾ɭָš
ﲢ䣬ļ紺
嫵ɭǧ޾
ŴޣǵһЩģͬǿ˿־塣
壬;סǸɭе飬ദĶǳá
ĺܶϢȫƬɭеĸġˣ岢Ȼ߳Ƭɭ֡Ƕ˽⣬ȴһ㶼ȱ١
˿̣һһͬɽ޴Ĺķ棬ʮŮӡ
ǿȥȫʮ䣬Ưȹ޲ɷ
Щˣȴȫˣǵʵ䣬Ѿ˰꣬мĴڡ
ȫǾĳϡƬϣѾ˺ܶ꣬Ƭϡ
ЩȻоͻƵڣ뿪硣ȺȻ˿ڵ
ЩĳǣʱΧϱȫࡣ
һЩ飬Ѿ֪Щ飬Ծ˵ûʲôӰ졣ĵ⣬Ǹħͷأ
Ǹһأͽһ޴⣺ǵĹһˣȫİΣǼȫ֮ħͷһս
ǶѾصˣ벻Ǹħͷջ׷ˡһĳϣһĨݣ˵ǲͬµġ
Ҳͬ⡣һĳ޳ָǰӣȻԤеǸˣǲѾˣ
ǵģǸ˵Ĵԣöһĳϻش
ҪҪ˽ȥһˣ˵ľ鳤˵˵Ǹ˺ڻУ˲Сķ粨
ǵģҲ˵ǹƺǸ˸ǣ
صʱ򣬹ܲôˣˣȥһ˽ǣӴһǸ˰ɡȷľ峤һ
ʱͻȻһ󼱴ٵŴ֮ߵľŮʵܽȺ峤ϺλϣˣСС㡭˺ڰʥ˵˵Ҫ
䣡
ʮĳϺһȫվ϶¶֮ɫ
ģϽʵ
ϽҵȻˣһɫò԰ס
Ҫʲôٶ𣿡һĳȵϽֹ
ǿǿǡˣСŮڼÿ˳˵Сʱ֮ǰˡ
ôֹ
ô棿
СŮŵֹС㣿ңߵʱ򣬰ס˵ʱԺ󡭡Ȼָ
ಣ
һھ峤ϸûСŮѻ˵꣬һȫͬһ㣬ɳ
Уȫһޱȿµͷˣ


802 ڰʥ
֮ԻǨ㵽磬ڶѪħ棬ԭ档ǵУһ
Զʱλʮаϣ
Ϊڰʥ
ȥƺЩ䣬Ща񡣵ڵֲ꣬кڰʥǽйʥ
Ȼϲ
ľ壬ȫŮӣҲӡ
ҲһɷޣáƹܹʥģһԾ飬ʱݣǾʥӣ
һΪ޵ľ콾һΪ൱Ϊϣ֮·һ
羫ĹһλʥӣҲ˫壡
ȴûΨһġ
ԣڼǿ֮λʥӣ֪ʲôԭ򣬾Ȼħˣ
ĹʥھʥӵĸȾ֮£Ҳֱӷ˱ʵı仯ԴӹתΪڰ
ԭԾ龻˼һ׶Ϊһֲĺڰʥ˭ֻҪڰʥʵڶʱڣᱩǵһŵľ硣
顭ҲܵӰ죬ֱħ
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һ֧ˣΪڰ飬Ҳ˽Ƕ侫飡
еĺڰ飬Įбս޾Ѫȣŷַ򣡸ȻսЩȻ෴
һУ˵ȫΪڰʥӰ졣֧ϣһ˵˵ľʥӣΪܵڻĹʥӰ죬Żħ䡣Ĵѡ
Ѿȥ̫꣬ʵ㵱ЩߣҲû취ȫ˵ֻܽںڻĹʥϡ
Ҳ£¾Ĵѡ
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ڵʱӵмߵʵҴϻޱȡʱϣĴڡ
ȻһθڰսУȻɹܵڰеǿߣҽڰڰʥأȴˣص߲֮󣬾御
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ĸףҲλȥľ峤֮ǰˣҪչ˺ԼŮ
Ѫħķ羫壬Ȼҵ֮󣬾ߵԤԡ
û뵽Ѿصֵͼ磬ȻǱѪħҵˡ
еľˣܻ֣֪̿롣
ʱһѾһǧ꣬ͬһʱľ鳤վԼԪΪδҪͨԤԵķʽѰҿˡ
ǣǸԤԳˣ
췭ظħ١
ǳī
֮ˣѪ֮
ϣնħ
˺˰£һ˽Ѱҳī顣
Щ飬Щ߲ǣȫǳ
ǸոտᣬҪȥѰҳīΪǶţԤԲдǸгīˣҲȷ
е飬֪Ȼ࣬Ҳһʿ١
ЩĳǾ֪īѪǿĽ鶼汣
Ҫҵˣ˵Ļת
˭û뵽ʱꡭȻźڰʥ뿪ˣ
Ҫʲôȫȴû˸ȥ룡
ΪǺʵ̫ˣ
Ǹ޷ܣ
ɵӣǧҪɵ£ʲô飬Ƕһе
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һȺĳϣд󣬴ĺꡣ
ͬʱľŮӣҲѰҹĶ鵱С
ԭͨȻ飬õҪϢزУΪҪѰҵˣҲһ飡
ҡǾɫţ


803 ٰɣ
갲վһСԣһɫľС
ľкܳȥʮֹϣ˸ַ׭׭ĻƷǳӣȻѾ˺ܾõ£ȥȴȻ¡滹һת
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ܣҲлͷ·ˡ
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ˮ
ط귳ĵʱϲﾲһ
īұˣ㻹ϲ𣿡ҡͷЦȻ૵ҲѾҰɣôŮӡһһֵܿġ
һĨ˼ϡ
Ȼ֣˺ľϵһŷ׭
䣡
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ǻΪޣ꣬ÿһ껨꣬һֲͬɫ滹иָӵģֻһۣеĸо
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߸ϸѪħ棬ǧ֮Ƭգüͷúܽ¶ŨŨɻ֮ɫ૵ô£ǱôǿĺڰôĺڰֱҶЩս
˵ţѪħʲô飬¶֮ɫʧѵǼû뵽ʥǺǺǺǣʥԣӦýкڰʥŶԣȻ磿Ȼǵ̫ˡҲⶫ˵ǸСٰ
Ѫħϵɻ֮ɫʧȡ֮ģޱȵ˷ܣ
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ಣ
ѪħΣͬһ㣬ʧС

īʱһҲһͷ뵽籱޾ɭֵС
ʼ÷ˮͨѰټ
֮ǰǱ߳ĺڰϢīȻҲͬʮ𾪡ʲô飬ȴӵİΣ
ˮͨ޷ݳľ巽λīҲֻ֮ܰǰǮͨԪǸĵͼߡ
ǵͼķȴǸոմڰϢķ
һ·ۣīеȴֻһȺ˵ľŮӡ
ҪǹīһŮ˵ҽгī


804 ȫ
ǳīһĳһȵĿųī´һֱóīЩüͷ̾ϢһˣѾˡ
ʲôīȻоһѪӿ˲һƬհף˶ЩˣӻΣˤ
ƺҲīˣæ˵Ѿˣˡ
ܲܰѻ˵һ㣡īƽƢԭûô꣬˿Щŭˡ俴Щŵľ峤ϣҧȥģʲô飿
ƾʲôԳô˵
࣬Ͻȥ
ô˵̫ˣ
һȺŮӷ׷ΧԳīŭĿӡ
īȻͷȺŮӣɭȻĿ⣬˲ľŮӱ͡ȫһֵųīΪϣܵǹŨʵʵɱ
īȺͺһ
䣡
һȺˣ˲ɢǲûôӣ˿ȴǱŵˡ
̫ˣ
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īͷתص峤ϣÿң죬ܲʹһ㣿
īͳͬҰڵͺ
ĳҲЩŵˣŶЩعųī˵ºڻħˡ
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Ǿ壬ԭһʥΪʥ侫ߣҲǺڰ顭
ĳ϶߶µģԭ˵һ飬ȻųīǸոջǷ˽ȥѰ㣬ΪԤ˵Ǹˡʱ򣬹ʥ뿪Ȼ飬Ҹոն˵ˡ
˵֪Ǿ岻ҪͬȻȴѡԼħҲԸǣīžĳϣ̲ס쳤̾ȻҵңΪʲô㣿
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īΨ̾Ϣµٶ˵ʲôҲѾˡȻϲû˵ڻ֮Ҳû˵ħʲô⡣ܹ鲻Ĺ̡
ѡħԺ󡭡ͲٴˣءǺڰˣʱһŮһ̲ס
ܳī棬ԾЩûʲôõӡܹҲ꣬īҲЩݡ˿⻰ī̲סеһķңôͲˣڰôˣһˣҪȫǹǺڰ
ʱīľȫ벻һֱɲְԵ࣬Ȼ˵һ仰
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īͷ˵һ˲ʧ
ĳǣҲûܿīĶ
˰ˣһĳڷ̾Ϣһ죬Ҳδػѡ·
ǰոѡħǡ̫ϧˣһ峤Ҳ̾Ϣ
Ƕ˳īǾ仰𣿰һˣҪȫīͨľ峤˵
ô˵мأһ峤̾ϢϣиõĽɡΣ¶ٻصˡ
ҵǲôīͨľ峤ϷԤԣֻԻͣˣ壡˭֪ħڻһأ

īڷＲۣ˵ٶ˼¾硣
ɭУһ磬ûܹģĴڶܲ
ˮͨɲݡ֮ϡ
˵ȻīȻûоôȴҲԼһף
ԣ׷֮󣬳īûֱӰվָǶˮͨ
Ĺ֮£֮ͬһͷĺĿҪ
Ȼħ𣿡ī̲ס¶Ц֮ɫϵĺڰϢ޷


805 
Ѫħ׷٣ͬҲһԼ죬Ȼīô̬һҪ׷ٵټǲѵġԣɴ˽뾫Ĵ㣬ֱӸǹɺڰϢǰС
治˫壬ǺǺǺǣոħȻӵϢǼƷƷѪħţȻһ˫ıֹҿողһꡭǣпƲסһɽ磬ץɾûôأ
˵ţѪħΣҲһ磬дС

ٶȼ죬ԼҲ֪Լȥġ
ѡûкڣ߳һԼЩãȻԼҪʲôѪħģԼôҵҵ֮Լܴù
һ⣬ЩͷۣеĺڰϢںС뾡ɺڰϢʴԼ顣ѡħҪ׶䣡
鱻Ӱ죬ҲϣԼѵģ
Լûз֣ʵƣɺڰϢҲ޷ʴ㣡
ǿģ鵱Уһģ
˫壬˫ھļУʵľ飬һֹǵĸ
ΨһģȴǾ޽еģ
ң嵱УҲûгֹ֡
꾫λߣȷǿδһǣħ֮ģ˸࣡
ԣ֧Զľ˺ڰʥȴʱͰ¸߸Щ顣ȻĻǾӦģ
ԼɫħڻʲôЦ
ԼûǰδһǣҲӦֻƵ顣
һ·򱱣ļ֮أǰšǱʶ棬ϣԼܹøǿһЩĻѪħ棬ҲеһЩ
ȻѾ̤·ôҲҪ̫Ĺǡ
٣Ҳֻһ˵ѡѡţֻǲ֪ģһӰн
ȻѾʰЩĲƬ˽һУȴûһΣ
ǵӰ˵
Щʹ
Բ𡭡ӽκν͵Ѿ˰ɡ۽ǣᡣ
ʱȻ俴ǰһͬɽ޴ڶˣվһӰϸһȻгֵǵӰ
ֻǸ˳˺ܶࡣ
ϣ¶һ˿ЦȻ̫˼𣿶Ѿ˻þ
ǰǸôֵܻطأ
ǰΡô
ʱȻǸˣȻ˰֡
ףþȻǿңزˣޱȾȣȻ૵ڰȻǿƥȻܰѻþʵʻϧġ
ιС椣үЦһī棬ЦеĿꡣȴʮֵ𺳣е꣬¾ףɢһ̣ϵǹʣֱ߹ף
ٿǰλ
欣Ȼȥǰ㾫£񡭡է䣬ϸٿȴĵ˼£
紵ǰͷһɫޱϵ
һڰϢѪŵĸо
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īţȻվ﷢꣺ôҪװʶң
ĿųīȻ˵þô𣿾Ȼ˵
˵ǻþīǳ鴤ţͷߵĿ꣬ȻһתȻǻþǹһ£
ɫ˲糺죬ʱڵĺڰ˲俪ʼӿڲѡü뱻ָоƣȴɼĳųī߹
ԽԽ꣬īҲЩԺˣѾͷòΪǻþɣ
ʱѾߵ˳īĽǰȻϸϸĴ˳īһۣصһͶ뵽ĻС
ûѡħļīҲ־ٶġ
˿̣ȴúȻƺһΪѶûС
촽ӡڳīϣ૵ôʵĸоã
īԭЩӲ壬ɳִ䣬˵ԲôˣҲҵ㡣
ƴѹסڵĺڰһӳīĻѳµ׺һƬĿųī㡭㵽ǲҵĻþ
ôʵĻþīЦˣ᲻ң
㣿ĿɿڴĿųī˵ģޱȴȣһ˫ѾڰʴʮĵĴ۾Ųŵ𺳡
Ȼҡīǰһ½صԼң꣬ôˣּ㣬ܿģڼ˭ˡ
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Ȼ˫§סīʹô꣬㻹ǵһ㣿


806 ҵŮˣ
˺ܾãͻȻһƿīɫ˲ޱȱ䣬˫Ķ˵޸ıâעųīˣҲˣ߰ɣ
īһΰصԼЦŵôȥͱôһôһӶ
Ҹ˵Ļû𣿡ѳīĻ俴
ѽīͷ
㻹һ˫۾˸űĹâİ
ҵŮˡīٴǵһμһ𣬾ѾעⱲӣֻҵŮˣ
˵ûӦ㣡ڳīĻš
ž
īΣݺݵһ¡
һƣֱӰˣҲˣһ׺͸һ˫ˮĿųī㡭ң
ԼŮˣһƨôˣīһȻĵ
ҡûӦ㣡Ҳֲסģڵĺڰޱ߳ܵĳ嶯޺޵ĿųīѾǸľ幫ѾħˣѾڰˡϾͽΪŵ䡢˽ĺڰ顭
˵ŵֵʱ¶ŨŨɬҧгݵ˵˳˵֮ȻЩڣģȴһǰδеĳ졣а̾Ǻڰҡô˵ֻ
㲻ġīĿ꣺Զģ˵ڰΣҰˣʲôӣҲãƯҲãҲãڰҲáֻҪ㻹㣬ҾͰ㡣
΢΢˻ΣīⷬҪ޵ĳ嶯뵽ٵΣգӲĳЦұòأ
ġ
һأ
ҾͰԼһ
ҪԶҲأ
ǾôԸŹɣīЩˣһ˫ֱ۾üͷ˵꣬ˣιҪ㹲ͬѪħģԣ뷽跨˺ңҸߡͷͲҪˣҲ뿪ģ˵ٺݣҲ뿪ԣЩĵķϻͲ˵ˣʲôڰ飬ʲôħڻͳͳںʶʱ֪ʲôɽģһΪɽеľأǸʱû㣬ҲᣬԺᣡ㣬𣿡
Ŀųīеǧһ̣ȫ׵˵ˡڳ˺ڰҲ˶ܵܶӰ졣ģȴǴûб
ȥ䣬ڲ䣬Ժ󡭡Ҳᣡ
ߵīǰڳīȻ̧žĵ΢΢ۣŽëҡ
ǳīƽһΣһŮӡ
촽īԺУһֻ̣ʣҸ
ãһСӰ߲ݵϣ꿿ڳīļͷųīЩĸ顣ͬʱҲī·̡
ҵʱֻãӦΪҵ飬۽Ǹʱҵļ䣬ûлָԡ㣬ȻúУȴûֿ̹ĵĸоֱҵǰһ̣㲻֪һ̣ҵжʹ˵ţȻһ۳īҵʱΪ㲻ҲȻܵش١ٽ뵽ˡ˭뵽ǿ̫౶
ˡīҵʱһ̫֮ˣɣΣҲ¡죬ҿ϶ɵ¡
ţ̫ɵˡ
㲻סī޳ָ˵ǸʱҸ뷨ӱܣӱʵΪҲ֪ӦȥԴڵңôҲҪҵ⣬㳹׵׵ңҲ㰮ң
ߣԴ󣡡겻ĺһ
ǸʱңΪ죬ʵɵҪīЦڣҲȻߴ·Ȼ¡Ψһ㣬Զ䡣
Ĳһ£ڵĺڰٴδʵʲô飿
㣡īһ˵
꽫ԼڳīţһҪסζһ죬ұòˣһǵζīӦһº𣿡
˵
˵һĳ׳Ϊ˺ڰ飬ͬڰǰ㡭ǰŵɱңҲ㶮ġڳīĻƵ˵
áī˵һһֱ㣡һɺڰȻֲܿҲô£˿û˵ܿˡбƵģҲԼԣţܱʲôġ䣡
һ̾ϣԶӣҿǳİ㣬ʲôǡȻһ·ȥ㿴·羰
ģīס֣һģң


807 
һ˫ųīãһЦ˵ͷ
ī˵Ѫħ棬ӦþͿˣָоҵǵľλã
ͷͨȷԶ֪
ԣҪһЩáī˵
Ӧġһ̾Ҿڰ׷
ҡīЦЦûж˵ʲôֻǰչʼһɽأ
ǳīһΣ÷ˮ֮ͨ˾޴ķ󣬶ңⷨȫƾá
ЩīʲôĲûиоһ㡣ֻһ˫ۿᵫȴû˵ɬӡ
һʱʱʱȥ
īһû
ʱȻûܸܵκε쳣֮ȴо˳īһЩ쳣
īϵѪƺԽԽǿңϵ֮ȵģȴɫԽԽ԰סʱɫȻѾڰƬ޾ɭ֡Ȼĳī۾ϸܵƣ
ҳֵֻǵĿųī
δ󡣺ٻʹָ࣬ΪһûгѾһû棬̸ϸˡָΪ
ûгѾڵȴɳһ죬Ҫȡ࣬Ҫȡ
µģӳ֮ûã֪顣
ܹһĥʹࡣ˹һ˻֪Լڡŵÿһ죬ϣĵʱ
岻ͨ飬ûԵľ顣СǲʲôǰġֻһЩ鼮УŮమĹ¡ǶǱ˵Ĺ£޹ءֱķ˽磬Ǹ¶ꡣ
ʱƺҲһƬ
Ůһ໥øУûһమˡ޷ô̵ʱΪʲô˵ĸ֮ǴϿһһ
ԼʱΪ˾·۱Ҳܵ޴ˡ
䳹׻ָܹ֮뵽ڻһ̣ϵı飬ľϲԼĿ⣬
ϧǸʱңܲУȫ⣬Ϊʲô
ˣѾʧȥ
һ֮ˣʲôʸӵһעףĸ飿ƾʲôҪ۱˸һ٣
ԣ֪˳īû磬ҲȫûйȥѰҳī뷨ϲһҪһ𣿾һҪֻʹ࣡Ҳĳź
û뵽ˣ
꿴ϱӲǿʹĳīǹɵط׵Ĵģͬܡ
ҲԼĲһҪƳ֣˺
ϲһ
ˣ
ۣ
īֱһѪҡҡ׹
㡭ôˣʧɫĿųīڳīߣīӷס
īǻѪٺһЦûµģеĹ࣬ģѾˣ
ֻĹ沢šɿųīģȴʲôҲ˵ڡ
꣬һֱɭУӦü޲԰ɣīΪתעʵϣȷ˲Сˡ˲ǱԭɵġԼǿʩչˮͨСӦʩչĴ
Ϊˣϧɫ̨еȫգ
ڲɵͬʱҲЩ˼˸
īͲ˵£
ΪһˣԼϲŮ˶ˣʲôʸ˵ϲ
ЩӦõģ
ʮֵǳī״̬ȴҲʮִ˳ųīĻ˵ͷȻ
ţЩޣÿһζܳɹ𣿡īЦ˼꣬īûش𣬱˵ᣡķУЩǳģЩǳԲݵģȥĿ϶ȳԲݵҪǿޣȴδÿζܲɱԲݵġûʲô飬ע
꿴ųī˵Ѫħ治ǳġһһͷľްԣվû˵ѪħĿУž޴ӰǿѪ޷սʤ
ڳīУȴû
³ī֪Ѫħıһ˲õ˼Ŀֲ飬Ȼûǹɾη
ϣ޷ҲһԪӤ۷飬ӵŵΪҲӳӽѡī꣺֮ǰһֱҶɽٷ¹ؼʱ̣֣ȻĶɽٹ̳״ϣ԰ɣ
˵ͷͲҷġҵΪָơԥһ£˵һ˵ܣʵھУбˣȻ֪Ǹ˾˭ҵĶ򣬴ȻĻҲᡭ
˵ţУ¶ŨŨǸ⡣˳īǳѣ
ڵʱѪħǾ߷Ȼձ췣ɵȴޱŵֱ˽Ϣꡣ
ھ棡


808 ٣
īĬһ£ȻЦЦ֪Ǽ£Ȼȥˣѳ޼Ϳˡˣ뵽һ취ԸѪħ棬ҪҪ
꿴ųī˵
ѪħˣֶʵǿӲƴĻǿ϶Ƕ֡ȴǿͨٵķʽī˵
٣˵Ҫڸսʱɽ٣΢΢üͬѩƺӳīУܵһЩס
īЦǺǵ˵Ҳµ󣬿סܳʱ䣬ʱ䣬㹻ɽˣ
ô죿Ϊһ˫ЩĹâǹɺڰʴȻû壬ȴʱ̵ӰΪһĵĻѾײϡڣȻܵӰ죬һģȴ
һԸī꣺ҿɲߡ
ģһŵĿųīÿü˵ĲҶɽ뿪磬Ҫһ
˵ͬġīЦ׼㣬ô뿪
糺죬룬˵¡ʱ򿴿˵ɣ
īһ꣬˵ͷ뵽㵱ҲΪסѪħ𣿵ʱ򡭡㲻ɽ٣Ҳ޷Լ꣬Բƭ㡣ϣܺúõĻȥʵҲƭ㣬һˣӦñŮˡԼҲ϶ᾡԼģ
ǸһҪɱңôף
ˣһٱī˵ţҡһ䣬Ȼֱӱ˾һϵģ˵¡㣬ô
갡һһһ˫۵ɵϴ󣬲˼Ŀųīͬʱ˫еĺڰϢڹȻīŵòᡣ
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㡭㡭ոգôͻȻ峤ϵģôܣȻɲĿųī˸ոս̫Ϣȫȷǰ˾ǳīỳǲԼľ⡣
֪Ѫħ̵ɣٱ˵𣿡ī꣺ɱõİٱҽͨ޸һ¡
ޡ޸һĿųī
īЦЦҿԽκι޸״̬
һȵĿųīȻЩ޷⡣
īͷ֮أ⹦ǵϣδػô棬ȴԽͬĹܶ౶ԽǿĹԽ󣡡
˵ٱ˵¼꿴ųīȻھȣոһĻĳʵ̫ˡ޷ԼˣȻһŮܹ֮һûС
ǵһΣŮˡī꣬˵ҲֻΪ㣬һô
īעųī˵
ʱ򣬳īüңȻһȻ۾ˣ
ģҲͨԼֶΣӦˣʱý
ī֣˵Ҫ£ҪɸոǸ峤ϵģסҪ¶ڡ
΢΢һ漴׳ī⣬Ȼ˵ͷ촽û˵ʲô棬ȴѾŨ޷˵İ˵ܱԼϲţҲֵˡ
󣬳īҡһ䣬ֱӱɾǸϵģϵҲ֮仯
Ȼ󣬳ī꣬Ȱ˵һȥɣ㿪˺ڰʥ㻯Ϊڰ飬ȻǵĹ
΢΢һ漴ӦҡͷѾѡ˺ڰǲȥģϣ߰ɣҪѪħǸˣҲΪң壡
ġ壬ᶨվڹߣŹһеѣī˵
Щ㱣ǰˣȻԼгһģһһȴԶǰ˵ǳīˣī˵ÿһ仰ǳīﻰ
ȻеĳˣӦҲ˵ⷬ
ǳ˵ܵ飬ǳīĻܵġΨŨŨİ⣡
īȻҲ÷пЦѾͷϣݵһ㣬ϣѪħǸ˵û̸ȻĻһҵ죬һܵʲôġ
ϣȥɡϵȻһ䣬һľ鹫˲һŮ
ңǺڰԵŮ
Ŀųī˵£һ˵飬ҲҪǵͬҲмȥǣȫһ𡭡ҲѪħһָͷɱģԣﰭҵˣ߰ɣ
īжʱϲаһȻ


809 Ѫ

һķ磬Ȼ𣬽šһ̹ǵĺ䣬·˲ͻϮǧֱƬء
Ѫħˣ
ԶԶȥһźɫӣ̤ŷ
ͬʱӾȻĺꡭģˣ
īסǾеĳ鴤ţһ͡
ͬҲ˿ǰɳģĳīȻֿԶߡ
ī̲סһ䡣
һϤòϤ˭᲻ǵԼأ
Ȼ󣬳īתͿԶʣ·̤ŷǵӰ
һɫ磬һͷٵĺڷӭƮ裬һ㡣
ī̲סһı飬үʲôʱôɧˣ
ͬʱī棬һ𺳣
û뵽Ѫħ澹Ȼһַʽӽꡣϸ˼һ£ī̲סּȿ־ĸо
룬ȼ꣬Ѫħôᷢʲô
飬룡
˵ܵڰʥܴӰ֮꣬ľ幫ȻˣԼҪ˵£֮䷢ʲôƺҲ쾭壡
뵽⣬ī̲סҧгݣʹ
Ѫħ棬ȻҲٱóīޱ𾪵һ顣ͬʱҲȻˣٱ˵İٱʮа˾šѪħõģ
ȻĻоָ߼Ĺôɣͱٱ˵õˣ
ѪħڵġȻ
Լ㱻
īʱ򣬿һꡣ
ǱҲɫ԰׵ĿȻ˶뵽һȥˡ
ĶԳīһͣ㣡
īһůȻվûۿ߷ǸԼ
ꡭǳīˣѪħҪ㲻ȹѹأʲô飬㲻ҪѡԼһ˳е㻹ңԴǿУޱϡ
īˣ̫Ͽˡ
ԣо棡ī΢΢һҡͷָоѹ¡
Ǳߣкһ漴ָվǣûκζ
ʱѪħҲѾ˵Ĵڡ̲סһû뵽ԼȻһĳ⣡
ϣӡһΡ
ѪħŹĿı죬ֻҪһεˣһ
ѪħУ¶һĨϲ֮ɫֱ꣬ӹꡭңҵˣ
վסīһȣ̧־һѪħ棺˿
ѪħһɫһһĨɱ⣬ϣȴ¶һĨί;ȣһ޹ĵ˭ΪʲôҪҳ֣
īУҲ̲ס΢΢һոһȻģ¾ĹֶΣҲôױƽġѪħ㷴ӦûУ͸ȥˡ·ޱһ㣡
óī΢΢һԼԷĲ࡭һĴ
Ǿĳϣʲôˣī껤ĿѪħ档
ꡭϽһ˭ҲĳңѪħһߣ˽緢Щ飬㶼𣿡
˸һ߰ĿѪħ棺˭Ҳʶ㣡
꣡ǳīǸ㷢ģҪͬĳīѪħȦЩ죬Ҳ˱ˣҲţңħң֪û䣡֪ʶң˵
ī˿ȻĻҾͶ㲻ˣ
Ѫħʱ¶һĨЦ˭ҲֹҳīһľģȻǾĳϣôӦüǵǵǸŵԣҲû˵ҡÿɣﲻôĵطѪħײ޶ȣǸͬģûҪΪ
īеһ˵仯˲Ļ˵ĻᱻƭȥһݼֱԼöˣ
Ż˵ģֱУȻֲɫҪԼ֧
ʱѪħ濴꣬е˵ꡭңһȹѹصġԼĹϣ𣿡
˫˸¶һĨɶȦЩ΢΢죬Щ㡭ʲô¸һϵҲûУ
Ҳ㡣Ѫħǰīֱ꣬ͬżʣꡭ㣡
ڣ
īк޵ҧгݣۿѪħߵԼǰºԥ߱˲УѪħԴֱȥ
īһþԼոջָȫҲֱӷӳƽǿһ
һƾ
ڤ˵嵶ף
ѪħЩˣȫû뵽īˣҾȻǰͷ
Ȼīһնһ˲䣬ѪħϣȻһޱȿֲϢ
ϢԶԽԪӤ۷Ӧеľ磡
ۣ
Ѫţ


810 
ţѪħ洫һ춯صŭһֱۣȻֱӱ߱ն
ͬʱһҲͬʱ٣
ǰ˸īһģһһҲޱȵļ
˵īߣīҲ
ΪһģôƣеϣҲȫͬġһ㣬ֻܵ˲ܲ
ɵǣܴжϳ
ΪˣȻܶ겻ȴƽһΡҲΨһһζĵˡҹμˡϤ̶ȣ޷ģ
㣬Ϊߣȫûī
Żڼīĵһֱۣ϶
һͬ;ףȴֻѪħһСС˿ڡͬʱѪħϱϢҲīȫ˳ȥ
ۣ
˿Ѫֱӵɳȥ
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815 һն
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ٶ˵һ䣬ƿˣֱȥ
վסֱӵĸо൱ܣǱһɫǵŮӣһǿҵŭ𣬵ȵ𣿡
վعͷĿˣǹɺڰڷӿǿѹҪɱ˵ĳ嶯ʵ£
ϻ½ʿûأ֪֪ʲôطһĿꡣ
˵ȤûУֻ
콣ŵĵ̣ʿ꣬콣ŵĵ̷ҪǵĻȻĻɽ磬û֮
ʿüͷ΢΢ţܵĸоЩף̲סʦܡ
ʦţһҪⲻСúһΣʿߵ˵ȻĻԺɽ磬ôĶ֪
ôʲôϵĿʿ
Ȼйϵʿ꣬˵ҪҵĻȻĻ콣Ŷ׷ɱ㣡
ʿüѾʮ꣬Ȼûߡû˵ڷߵĴ˵
ɽʿУȻǿʿġʸ񿴲ʿģҲڵɽʿ
˵ԪӤڵɽʿûʲôʸ񿴲ʿ
Ϊ˼ԼŬѾԪӤͻƵڡɽ֮ʵҲһءͨɽʿδ˼ҵĶ֡
ңʿҪôһ棬Ҫôһɵĸ߲㣬붼һ
ˣɽЩͨԪӤʿܱȵģ
ˣʿո￴ؽ֮صʱ֮ǰʦ־
ʿֵôûϵԷزģҲҪһ򵼣ҲҪϤһɽĸһҪסǧ򲻿ɹ֡ȻĻɱ֮㲻þԼǿܷɽʿҲʲôС˶ѱǣԴ
ʿһֱǵʦֵѣЩҲûʲôϾɽĽ֮ػкܶ࣬ķߣûôӴ
ʦܸոʱʿȻҲѹӣʦƺȫûа·ϡ
ûں
ʦܡ˰ɡʿԥһ£ջǾҪȰסʦܡȻǳ鷳˶޷ճ
˭ʦʢģȡ꣺Ѿŭˣֻʣ·һ·ҵŮˣһ·
ʿڱ¶Լ˼¡һոշŮʿɽʲôף
и׵֣жĽ֮ڵȴǣ
ЩȵĿʿüĵǲ⣿
شңʿ׼ꡣ
ŵʱʦʹ͸һƷ
˵ھϱŮʿôһ㣬ţƷ֣ԷһĶ֡
꿴һʿ˵֤
ʿ΢΢һûعͻȻϣܵһɾ˵Ϣڶдһ´һҪ
ڹһ
ʿû׷ʲôʦܷһ춯صĲҽС
ǲҽеֻ˺̵ܶһɲǣȻֹ
ȻʿͿʦܵͷ­߸ߵķһǻѪӿֱӳϸ죬£һĨ
ͨ
ʦܵʬֱӵڵϣȻһԪӤսսĴʬгͬһ㣬㵽ʿ
㡭㾹ȻȻɱʿʱŻعֱӼԼķŭꡣ
һ˫УһĨĮ֮ɫԪӤһǲ뽫סҪǾǣ콣ŲҼסˣ
˵ţתߣ
ʿֱɵĿʦܵʬ壬ȻԶȥȻһ˿ͷ
ԺУٴλʦֵѣ̲סһʦܵԪӤ˵ǰԡԿǰ
˵ţʿۣһʦܵԪӤһĨɫһͷ׳աȥԪӤȻ֪ܣ
ʿĽ𵤡ԪӤꡭʵļƷ֮
ֻɱԪӤΪ̫ݶһ˺ٻȥǱ˷֣϶ܵ޾׷ɱ
طԲ֮ڣ̰
ʿâ˸˽ս


816 ҽ
ʦܵԪӤվǣ׵׵ɵˣ
ӺСʱ򣬾ͱ콣ţҲǺųŵῡܡ
겻ʮ꣬ԪӤ߼磬ȻȲЩ콾ЩʮԪӤͬţҲ㹻ʸ񽾰
һֱ˳˳ˮȫ벻ڽĴ
ֱӱ˸ɵֻʣһԪӤ
һʱ䣬Щɵˣ֪úȥδӣ
ʶģҪһʦ֣ô죬ʱȴȻоһǿҵΣ֣ԪӤ״̬ʦʶ̧ͷʦ
ʦ˵ǸнСףûκõóֵľվûа׳յֵزʦô᲻ʲôûκ뷨˲˸Ҫߣ
ʦܡ㡭ǱˣʦһֱӽʦܵԪӤǣͬʱ𣺡⡭ȫʦְɣ
Ҫʦ֣㲻ôҡҿ԰еıﶼ㣡Ҽ桭ܸУҿһٸһǧŮʦܾԼֱӱסˣ̲ס
ʦЦŮ浱۾ֻŮˣһʿҪôŮʲô
ǣҡҿԴֻҪŹҡҷġԱԪģὫ˵ȥʦʿʱںޡŮ⣬ô䵽ز
ٺ١ԴʲôԴʦֺٺЦţʲôԴԪӤð˭һʼͲҵȰģ˭ɫȥ˼ҵģǸŮ˰ұڹʲ
ʿ˵ţֱ˼ʦܵԪӤ֮ϣʦܵԪӤʱޱҵĽ
аɡʱɣʦֵҲ¶֮⣬ʦܵԪӤ֮׾ٵĳ񾳽磡
ʱлᣬΪгϵ״ӣ
ܳΪеһͼĹԱ
ɽɣȨζŴԴΨԴΨһĿ꣡
ɽŵĽ֮أڷ׮Ұû˿
ʱѾԶǸһն˵³Ҳ⡣ԪӤһѾ޶ˡ
ǹɺڰ֧䣬ҪһǸ˵ԪӤҲնˣ
ǽԪӤˣ
Ҳаͷҧ૵ī˵Ķԣվ֧䣡
˵ţ¶һĨᶨı顣ΣҲܹī
īһһݣúûȥҲһҪ˵ţɫЩ԰ףĵǿԼǿ
һ͵ȴ͵ɢȻȴᶨƵĳеĺڰӹȥ֮ءԭڰģ˻ɫ

籱ʱѾױģ
ԭãɭ֣Ѿʧһ޾ԨԨ棬ӿȵҽͷճ̮޷޲
طˣ
ԭ飬ʧȥǵļ԰
ûܹٽ뵽ƬѾһľء
ǳԽ֮ıȻ
龳鲢֪ʵѾڹŹһȦǵʱīԦɾٶһ綼Ҫױ
īҲǱƼˣŻ²ߡ
Ѫħ߷Ȼû˵Ժ󣬱Σīȴֱ߷϶Ѫħıɾ޴˺
Ȼ˱ᱻֲܻ᳹ʧȥͻƵϣīȻûкԼѡ
ƬҽУȵҽûиκε˺෴ҽзḻ֮ڲϵ޲еơ
ī˴ʱѾ׻Թȥȫʧȥ˶ĸ֪
ľʶУ˿Ҳǿտյ˵£ǿмԦɾ׺ľһ˿
ԣʱ򣬾Ҫ磬û
ֻܾһʬ塣
طѾĵغûⳡƽ٣Զ˽뵽ֵط
ҽӿȣɢž˵û֪ж
һƬţƺûκڡ
߱ҲûбīջȥƯڳīߡ
ܲϳ˵ûƬҽڻҲӦóȥ
ûУ
īǰֳ¯֪ΪʲôӲгͷڳīؿλá
һ˿ڻ¯ȼţͬʱҲڷļȡƬҽе
¯йཹ죬֪ʲô


817 һҷ
ǳī˿ѵĻһޱȵ
һöָ棬ղصЩҩģ˿̼ȫڻ¯С
棬һֹķ֮鼮֮⣬ֻʣһѼƷ쾧ʯһ컯֮㣬ǿԪʥǡϵĹ֮ǰȫСǡ
ҩģȫ¯еսȥȻ֮£ཹཱུ
˾ȵģʱʱģһЩҩģ޾ҽƮһƮīߣֱӾͻᱻ¯ȥ
ûܹ뵽ֻӵµĵطȻ棬һЩҩܹֱǲ˼飡
ûܹ뵽Σʱ򣬻¯Ȼܹ
ʱһһĹȥܿ죬һµʱȥˡ
¯Ҳڳīһֹ֮ͣǵƮؽ˲С¯ֱᵹڳīϡīҺ壬ʳ
ЩҺ岻īһޱȵճȴûκŵζ෴ɢһɹŨ㡣
ЩҺһܿһ㣬ӵ˳īȫ£һġųī͸ȥ
ʱ򣬴ҽȻһͷµ顣
ͷ࣬ȴͷ­
£īȴȼܵĻ棬Ŀɭ䣬ƯǵĳīͬʱųīؿڵĻ¯ĿУ޾̰֮ɫ
ͷ鲢ûмڶԳīƺЩɵʲô
˺ܾãȷǸƮŵƺˣʧȥж֮ͷſʼСģųīι
ʱ򣬳īȫ¶Ѿ¯Һǣ˱ڡ
ͷĹâó̰ͻȻ䡭ī˹
мǿͷ­ſѪڣųīݺݵҧ˹
ϣ
һֱƯڳīߵ߱Ȼ䷢һ
һ貶ĿĹԣͷնȥ
ͷмǿͷ­Ӧûֱӱ߱һն䡣
ʣµͷ­ŭ־ֵİƴȥֱӳԶĵطͣͷ­ֻ۾˿ȫǿ־ı顣ﻹϵķ
߱һնͷһͷ­û׷ֻص˳īߣƯǡ
ͷ鰧˺ܳʱ䣬ֹͣ˽ԶԶĿųīг˷ߺޡȴټˡ
ʱ򣬺ȻңԶķƮһҴ
Ϊʵ̫ԶˣЩҴģ
ʣͷ­飬ֻһۣͷһ־嵽µĽȻӺһ¡ֱӳ뵽ҽСҲûðͷ
ģҴԽԽƺųīʻġ
ôңԶĵطһֱʻīǰʱҴòڳ׵ˡ
һʮɵķ
īĴīĴһˡҲûκεϢɢûκӡǱ־¡
֪⴬ʲôƳɵģȻƮȵҽСҲû֪ԺηҪȥδ
ī֮󣬴Ϸһī壬ֱӴҽץȻӽ˴С
¯ʱѾص˲Сīץ˴֮󣬲ûȥץͬƯǵ߱졣߱ȴԼ˽Ȼػڳīԡ
߱Ľ룬һֱȵĴȻݺݵĻζһ£
·߱Щܲ
ҡһһ᧿Σ·ʱпܻԵҽϡ
߱췢һʱֵ鷢ˣٻζȶȻųīŸķƯȥ
īʱʱѾȥ˰ࡣ
ʵϣī֪˶ã֮Լһӱߡˮīʡ߻Ųʬ塣
īһΪЩʬģȫĺܡ
еʬ壬һɫġڣ
ȻīٿԼʱЩȵķ֣Լȫ¡֪ΪΣҲһƬڣ
ҡұһˣīһſڣ˻ƣƬĦīԼһŴӻнѹ
ǻţҼǵƬȫˣҺҲŶޱߵԨСʲôطīȻ˳ִץ߱죬¶ϲ֮ɫ㻹ڣãЩʬ塭նɱİɣ
Щʬʳ̶ϳīſжϳʱ䲢
ֻЩīһûм˵İֻܴģϣжϳǵࡣ
īҪվȴȫ£ĸоҪһеȴԾķ֣Ȼȫ޷ϵһ˿һ
īֳ߱죬˳״
ʲô
⵽ôˣ
ʲôط
ʱңԶķ򣬴һĺŽ
ءأ


818 ֮
īиеޱȵ𾪣ǲĺŽУƺһɱ
ӾжϣӦòңԶΪʲôԼȴֻһţ
ѵ˵ҵҲѾ½̶ֳ
ī¶ŵı飬ָоѾǵöûйˡ
ʱ򣬳īһԣھҪ磡
ˣʣ¾Իʱֱӽ˻硣ڣҪһ¡
ȫûκηӦ
ֻʣһ˿ܽȥĻ磬ڴ˿̣Ҳ׹˴š
īϣ¶ãȻ֮ɫǵһ
ʱɱ˼֣·ھ֮ĵط
īһ񣬲ô˵ȱܿǰΣ˵ȻڽսǾ˵Ӧû֮ϣ
ʱҸҲͺˡ
īţȻһܵĻ
Ӳ̫ԼҲͶʮɡ԰ȺɽɽܸߣȻĺܽīȻЩɽϵֲƺȫںġ
ͷһƬɵģûκιƬȴڰ
īڵĵطһƬССɳ̲ԼԲʮɴСɳ̲棬ǳƬĹľԣԶƺһƬһ޾ƽԭ
ˮīɢϢҳīע⵽ˮУûκεĶƯ档Ϊ֤еĲ²⣬īһ߲֪ʬ壬ϵӱߣ˽ȥ
ڵѾͬͨ˶磬ַֻ
ⲻ֪ʬ壬ֱӱˮûȻȥҲûи
īüңڰһ֦ӽ档֦Ҳֱӳȥ˻ûܽ
ӹȻйŹ֣
īϵһӣϧڰ㾫޷ֻܳĽһѲ֪ʬ壬ȫϽӵС
һ֮󣬳īͷ󺹣ﲻϵĴϢš
ǱߵɱԽԽƺʣһ·īţվȻʼŹľȥ
ʱ򣬳īҲԶɱЩ飬һž޴սڲݴ¶Űӡһ򿴲ӰЩʿǵľٶӦÿԿһǲڲݴеġ
սһƺûռٵƣ˴սԵȻ󷢳ĲҽС
īǣŵעţЩ˾Ȼһȫ¶ī
˫Ĵгīܹжϳˣͨˡָо·ǻص˽׷һ
īüͷĿš
ʱͻȻһˣڲݴУֱ㶵ī߳˹ʱܣҲѾˣֻĿŲݴԲϻζγһֱߣֱԼ
īʱһֽۣ߱죬Ȼ᲻žԵİգܽһ
ʱ򣬶ԷǸˣƺҲӦΣգͳΣ΢΢һ١Ȼ˫ͨݴԼķ϶˱˴ˡ
һʮ꣬ڣãϻż˿ڣʺѪҺȾõš
¶Ĳ֣ҲǸīһī
۾ʮīһ˲䣬ԱЩţȴһָڴߣʾīҪ
˶ţƽ
īûдпɱ⣬ҲоԷˡȻһЦȻ󻺻Ķ¡ͬʱʾīҲ¡
мƥ޴սŲݴԣ
ͬʱֵһȺ񣡸ġָĵطһһ׵Ľȫ
˱ˣȺѾǴɢˡһ𣬻żֺõζ
ž
ʱȴһĶ
ġȺ˵ĺ㲻ǴȺ߳һ
ֺõίˡҲ𣿡
ž
Ҷ죿
Ȼһ֣߿˼Ȼ˵ˣڤԽľԽ̤ʵԶɣ
˸ֺõٴֻȫ벻ձ˳⡣
ƨôһ˻ƨ֮⣬ʲôֵԶˡ
ʱ򣬳īŻվǸ˵ıӰ
ϣļΪߴۼȻĻҪ˶⣬ҲһѶͦߵ顣īҲΪ뵽̲סվġ
Ǳ߶ŵ걻īľٶŵûɢƴʾī¡
īֶۣ
ʱϵǸĸߴӣиӦͷһۡ
۴һ˶ߵĲݴ֮⣬ʲôûп̲סĺӣÿһ
ʿָʿһڲԭѰ˵Ĵڡ
ԶսȻڼռƣҲвСǸŭϴȴûӱˡ
ֱʱСվȻųī֡


819 
īһ꣬վ߱죬߹ȥ
һ۳īĵǳ˳飬һĨ־塣Ȼ֪һʲôֻҪһۣ֪һѺõ
õطֱһĴڣΪһѺõɥǰ˵ʲôͷȻһѱߣһҪһ䡣
ųīźӱ߲ϵǰСû˵īҲûʡ
һ߳ȥʮ·īоӷȣͷҲ˺ˮ̲סЦʮ·ƽʱһգ۵ĹʩչسɴĻǧ·Ҳһգ۵Ĺ

ͷԶԶһۣڳһһ˫ڰ׷Ĵ۾ųīȻ󿪿˵˭ôûм㣿
࣬С̣ǳ
һڣѳīһͷߵĿ꣬ǳ鴤ŵŮӣ
һĨ֮ɫ˵Ůôˣ
ȿȡû¡ī귴ʵʲôط
ģꡭӦŮһ˫Ӷųī㲻ˣ
īҡҡͷҴġ
棿ôܣŮϣ¶Ծ֮ɫųīܺ˵˵
ƭʲôʲôطīһŮ׷ʡ
֮ءŮһ۳īȻߵһԣһʯͷӽƽĺˮС
ʯͷ˵һȥͬ˻ûзŮųī˵ڤӣ˵ֻеظŻֵĺӡ
īϵ¶Ծ֮ɫʧڤӣ
ǰ治֪ŮӸովһֱСĵ̽ųīǴġΪһȫյ磬֮ءһЩˣ˵طǴ˵еĵظԵ
ֵطô˴
ӣƺĲϤǰѵҲܸоˣǰѵͱסˡ
벻ڤӡīЩʧĿǰžĺɫˮ૵ô˵һڤˣ
Ůϣʱ¶֮ɫ¶һ˿־壺ڤ棿ʲôֶħʲô
ħī΢΢üͷŮܿ£
Ҳ֪˵ڤ棬ϣ㲻Ҫˡһ֣ζŴ١Ůһ˵
֪ˡīͷûͼʲô״̬»û취ȥץʲôڤ档
ڤӵĺˮо綾һڱɡңκζ޷ƯŮһĿųī㲻˽ôԺһҪסԶ㡣
Ů˵ţĿһ۳īˣҪˣİˣףˣ
Ů˵ţתߣٶȺܿ죬ҲǳݴУܿ㳹ʧӰ
īһվϴżãȻ֮ɫסŮٶ˽һԷȻ˺ǿľԸӴˡ
߿ɣ
ī⣬źӰʼȥ
֮ءڤӣ
⵽Ǹʲôطīһ룬һš
߳ʮ·֮źӵһ䣬ǰ¡¡ˮ
īȥȴһ޴´γһǧľ޴ٲ
ˮǴﴫġ
óīе𾪵ǣǰԶٲıԵһ޴ʯ棬Ȼһͷҵߣһͣﴹ
ڤӴǲǷˣ
īиеʮ𺳡
ʱǸߺȻͷһ۳īߣԶԶģųīһЦȻˣԵСѹ
߳ĴüĿģһ˫ʮƽͣϴŵȻ̸жãҲûǰƾɡ
īע⵽߿ͬʱ۾ɨһе߱죬ȴû¶κɫ
īжЩ߹ȥԶԶĳ߱ȭʩ񣺡ְףλǰ
ûٻͷָָһԵʯͷʾīȥ
īһǾ룬֮Լɣ룬߹ȥ¡ȻҲ˵ߴ
ߵĿʮרһĶŽµٲߣʹٲУ֪ж೤
īһֱߴ㿴ʱ
ط·ûаҹʼգʼնǻɵģҲûκα仯
ī㹻ãҲЩɣһصߣڤСܵʲô
ڤ
ʱеԺȻ͵һ߶ʱһ񣬵͵͵ĺһ
𣡡
͵һ͡
Ѳ֪ʲôƳɵͣȻ׶۹Լã˿ûҪ۶ϵļ
ߵϣ¶˷֮ɫģС˺ǿϷһǧ㡭ûеôġһˡ


820 ɫ
һ˵ţһ˷ܵסͣͷϵű𡣺ﻹ͵͵ĺ̵ġ㣬ôô󣿡
վڳīλãѿٲеĶżһԲȦͣī̲ס˵ǰ㹳ǹס˰ɣ
߷˸ۣЦʲôЦ㣡һ㣡СӲŹ
ǿʯٲõλãҲֻǸطܿٲȫòҲ˵īҪĻͱõ߲Сīһߣҡҡͷˣǵٿɡ
ƲƲ죺ʲôϷֲȥ
īεЦЦĵֲʶ㣬˭֪᲻ȥ
ʱеͣʼҵĲץסһ˰ɣϷûƭɣϰϡ̸ȣ̫ˡ
һ˵һ߲ϵƴе͡
ʱ򣬳īſ˩ŵǸߣϸͷ˿࣬Өǲϸ޷Ĵڡ
߲ͨīа
߸֮ĲϽջռһϷ磬ͨϺˣƴᡣ
īŷ֣߷ǳϰôΪѾ˵˺ԶĵطȻٲУ
ǱĶҲÿʼīĶˮ
ߴʱѾЩ̲סġһѣϷ˳ǵꡭ
˵ţһ׽һͷȻ
һͷ˳īٲ¶
īʱһ㡭ȷǹ
ΪһͷȻһСô
óīеȵǣ㲢ǺɫģǽɫģͷͬƽģǳƯ滹һɫϢתȥޱȶˣ
ƽɫڷţȴȫ޷ѿϸ緢˿ߣû취ߵקһģӲĴٲ
峤ʮɣ²¼ǧ
ī̲סһ𾪵ĿǸߣĵطȫͬƺûʿոռǳսȥҲȫͨˡϣҲûκʿϢɢȴԽǧĴӲˮ档
ֲ
ʱҲ˲ϸī˵ˣȫȫĸƽžٲζžʤΪȻڤˮС
֮󣬴㿪ʼżƥ߷ĵҳ壬·ʹһ㡣
ߡߣӦšȻһڵЩŤȴȫûκξ⡣
īɴ￴ţ߸ƽ֮Ĳģ¶˼ɫߵ㣬Ȼһ磡
ɨһ۳īīϵı飬΢΢һ漴̲סСӵ㾹ȻҲ
ⳡģСʱ䡣գڽƽ㣬ڤϰ󣬴ǽƣϰ֮һ
ҲһƨڵϣûκηȣȻǳ˼ĳī˵СӣĻ͹æ̵ģѣˣطϵĴʲôô
īȻ䱻ѣ˼ЦЦ߱죬ߡ
ĵɱ㣬̵ҪǷĵɱˣ߿Ҳû࿴īеĵһֻۣ˵š
֪ǲǴīڿߵ֮󣬾Ȼоƺһ˿ٲ֮ǰʮ·͸оƣˡ
ôɱīߵԼĴǰ̧ͷͬһСɽƵĴ㣬̲סЩͷһʵ̫ˣֱ޴ֵĸо
ȻȥˣߴŴƲƲۣɼУɵסĹ
īϣ¶֮ɫЩ˼ĿߡΪ˵ɼпɵסĹΪߣȻ֪
߿ųī𾪵ı飬Ű˵ˣȸɻʲôʣͷ˵
ðɡīеʵ̫ˣôһ㣿
»Ӷ߱죬ҪǾ޴ƬóīЩ𾪵ǣŬ˰죬ȻһƬ۶û
޴Ƭ·ϣľ̳һ㣬Ȼһ˿϶ûУ
⻹ƽûκ£Ļ³īûκλᡣīڵЩۿԵסĹˡ
ʱ򣬺ٺЦô֪Ѵ˰ɣСӣȥԣȥļ棬ǲһƬ߲ʵƬУȥƬƬŪȻϵƬͻˣ
īһɻĿߣ¶һ֣Ҷɱƭҵı顣
ġȥ֪ˣһ档


821 ߲Ƭ
īҲȷǳ棬ͬʱҲо߲һͨˣˣŬҪϡ˰ľڴβȥһŲȥڿ˵Ƭ߲Ƭı棡
ƬƬûƬô󣬷ǳСֻг˵ָ״Сͬһ߲ʱʯǶǣ˸ѤĹâԵһƬƬҪֲ˶ѡ
īʧС
ߵϣҲ¶֮ɫʵСӣƬƬж󣿡
Լָô󡣡ī˵
ϵļ֮ɫʱһĬһ£ҡҡͷ̾Ϣһǲ󰡡
ʲô˼īվûмȥƬƬǿߡ
ҪȭͷôǾͿһ뿪طˡ̧ͷһͷɵ죬û˵¶ʧı顣
īǣĿߣ֪⻰˵滹Ǽ١
ãīϣ¶һ˿Ц˵ҲⰡ֮ءô׳ȥˡСӣպãܴܲӳȥȫˣ
ī̲סһߵΪʲôҪøңʲôû
߿һ۳īȻЦ㵱ϷҪø㣿ϷȻʲôˣȴҲ˽ø㣬Ϊ㡭ǳģĻԵҲ컯ո߲жȭͷôôǹͬĻԵˣڡˣȰɡ׵ģԾ֪
Եøأīߣʵ
΢΢һ漴µĿųīСӣ֪֪仰طζʲô
Ҳ˽طҲܸоⲻʲôõطҺпܣͳȥˡīʵʵ˵
㻹øң߿ųīĪɡ
ġī˵ԶҲ֪
վųīĬ˺ܾãȻ˵˵Ϸȴǧ꣬Ҳûܵȵһ߲ʻƽ㣬һͳˡɣСӣллΪ˼룬ûõġƬֻ߲ۣܰ
īʱֱһ߲ͬʱʯһ߲ۡ
ǣ
һ죬߲ۣȻֱӴȻ󱻳īС
ţ޴ĻƽеƬͬһ㣬䡣
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һ˲䣬ϾͶһѽɫۡ
󣬸óīĿɿڴһĻˣ
ƽƬ֮󣬾Ȼʼʧˣ
⡭ô£īվڴ㱳ϣ¶ޱ𾪵ɫ
ߴⲻ㡭ǵԻ
īֱӴЩǱĽͷסΣȻعͷĿ޴ĻƽԼٶʧ
ʱīߣ˵ط췣֮أҲ֮ء˳طΪظţ׼ȷ˵ĵطǵظıԵشһȫյ磡
ߵǶѻƽ۸ǰһƬһ
ϣ
һ
˵طˣȫǱݵˡɽʧܣȴûʲôɥĶ£ֱֲӻҷˣһЩΪĪԭΥˡ֮طһ֮ءܻһǴ֮ͽҲϾɱԣôһš
ī˵߲ʻƽ㣿
ߵͷû߲ʻƽ㣬Ǵͬʱϣᱳܶ컯ˣԽõϵ𡣴컯ˣܹϼ߲ƬԣϵҶ㡭ôʮа˾ţǿƬ߲Ƭģ
ںԺǰͽ̡īһе߲ƬȻ汧ȭ
˵㲻ʣҲ˵ġΪһ׮컯Ϸǳ컯ҲͲԶˣ˵ϷҪл㣡
īȻ˵ӦøлǰŶԡ˵ţīƬ߲ۣݸߵƬۣ͸ǰˡ
Ǻǣ㻹Ǵġһֵ߿ųīԣֻһ˵ģò˵ģ
īСС߲ۣһɻȫûдƬϸܵκδϢ
Ǿأһе߿ųīԣ㲻ܴܵϢ뿪ͻˡ
ǰҽطɡīߡ
áߴųīںӱߵʯͷϣ˵û뵽ط֮ǰʵû˵ϴһطʱֻ֪硢ɽ硢硭Ŷ˽硣ԣǸʱ˸˵ҲĴֵطֻͬһ˵֮󣬿תֻأ˭˭ܹ֤һ㣿
īͷ˵ȷˡ


822 ֮
֮Ҿ̫飬Ҳ̫˼ĳףԭֻصġԭκ飬Ҳġ߿ųī˵ոմǱ߹֪ûˣ
ī˵Ⱥɱ
Щˣ֮󡣡˵
֮󣿡ī΢΢üǽ뵽ˣµĺ
ߵͷ¶ֲɣ֮ɫ磬ʵֻĽ磬Ų硣д磬ҲС硣طѺˡҲˣ֮󣬷ʧ˵ҲȫīɫһɫʵǸзķӡ
īͷһԼڵƤǳ鴤ţЩ˵
˵֮󣬲һʱȥԽǿʿ뵽طԴʱԽáԣ֪ʲôʱʼطͿʼԽԽࡣط̫ƶˣʳԴȫǳΪЩ໥ɱûа֣֮еġֻȥ
īǸкһŮвЩꡣ
ǰôطģīʵ
ЦЦʧܡ
ī̲סһЩŵĿǰߡ
仰̺Ϣʵ̫ˣ
ʧܣ˵ǰͷһλԽĴܣ
īȻڻмĵ֮䷢ͻⲢīǸͬһʵϣĸϣīûаĿܣ
Ҳͬᱻһĳ
ʵ޷ǰߣȻһȵҪǿʿ
ųīȵģЦЦ·Ϊ˳𾳽磬̫ĳԡһЩԣеŭԹɣѹһﲻֱӱط
ŭԹĳԣīһߣȻ뵽Ѫħ档ѪħֳԣֺγŭԹ
ߵ˵ҵΪ˳𾳽磬뾡һа취Ҹɴûʵ顣
īǾҵĳ鴤һ£ߵУЩӡ
ǿī룬̾ϢȻץЩˣȫ֤ȷʮ֮ͽҵվΥΪЩȻȫһΣȴδӦܵĥȻҲΪҾãЩˣֶζΪֱʧܣ뵽طʱסôǴġ
û˵ֶʲôһǺֲܿһ֡
һ£һԽ˵Ĵڣʮʵ飬϶ǸֶξһЩѪȿֲ飬Ȼˡ
Сӣľ硭Ӧòرߣ˵̫Ӧý뵽طһطͱԵӻһףνĳͷֱ㲻ǳͷеǡΪĥ㣬רŸ׼һУšСȻһȥˡе棬ôģ߿ųīȤʵ
Щ߼κ˽ӴܹеˣҲ޼ЩɱɱȥģҲû˸ҵλڡǧʵǷǳįġ
īͷ˵磬һĽһС˾޴ѡ֪һƬ˻ҽ춼һƬǸطƳ׷ϵˡ
ųīĻҲ̲ס˳飬˰죬ŵСֶΡҵҪ¶ˡһȣϷֶζò֡һ¡ҪȥôȻĽ뵽طȻ͵õĻԵ̵ġһ
īôһҲо档
Ϊߵ˵ٵһΪǿ췣ӹһ٣Ҳֻ֮عӲдˡκȥĻᣡ
߲²طǴһ֮ϵ
ĵ֮£޾ˣгīִ
īʱ򣬺ȻѪ£
⡢ܻأ
һ⣬Գī֡ƺЩʲô
ʱ߿ųīʵ綯ýˡӦòŶԣҿڵĻԵԸˡӦǸ֮ͽ˭˵˵˵Ϸϵء
īһߣԥһ¡
˵ôϷ㣿İɣֻԵˣϷ㶯κ˼ģ
ҡīߣȻ˵ǸˣѪħ棬֪ǰ˵
ʲôڵһվһŵĿųī߲۶ûʧ̬Ѫħĸ֣ȴֱӱˡЩ˼ĿųīһСһôǸħͷ
˵ţȳīشߵϣ¶Цųī֪ǸˣϷõѡ


823 Ѫħ
īҲǳ鴤ţͷߵĿߡ
߳һ£īһ磬Ҳһ׮¡
ϷһСļ嵱УСҲûԺչԣСʱϷȻ츳㲻ȴԴӦϣΪĺ״Ϸ̤֮ơʱһγȥҩϷѪħ棬ǸʱѪħ棬ж㡣
ߵһ£ͬһչڳīǰ
ңһͨҲƽ֡˶֮˺ܿ޻̸ѡ
ǸʱĶ㣬е˽ĳе֮⣬û̫ȱ㡣
ȻһУһԵ˳׵ĸı䡣̾Ϣ㱾壬ϷһСŻСӼн費ʲôһֻܿԼãǶ磬硭ֻҪ㹻ڷܣô޽֮ϣһ˵⡣
īͷЩĽ˵ǰ¡ûʲôƽԡ磬ͬ츳׿ţܹԪӤѾǺ˲һˡ
ǰϷʱ򣬸ֵܣһȥѰҸҩģһԴǮȻҩʱǶӣӦһֵһʱˡҳһԼȥһżСǴżȴΪħĴµġûܾסջ󣬼̳λħܵ²
īʱԼڹУħһλܣʱȻûѧϰλħܵĴУȴѧ˺ܶħֶΡڳīħ塭Ҳδؾ˵ôаλħܣȥͺ
̲סʵħ塭а𣿡
ҿһ۳īЦа壿ֻаİӣ
īȻ˵˵е
⻰ī֮ǰ˵Ļһģ˵۽粻һܻԼ顣ԣ˵ħīéٿĸо
ҲôסҿųīЦԣ֪ԼõֵܾȻ̳ħ²һħ֮ҵĵһӦޱߵķŭȥΪʲôҪ·ңҪǿ
³һ˵仰ȻԶԡǰ˭Ҫǿأн磬˭ߵľأǴ֮ͽнԶˡȻһ죬ҡǸʱѾ뵽˵磬ΪҪҸǿһЩͬʱѪħĳƺţҲѾʮˡܶʿ־͸е־塣ĸ֣ȴֻб
ҿųīָоԼõһԨȴΪʲôˡζǳܡ˵ţ̾Ϣһң˵һְ취пܻл̤֮·ҵʱȰͷֵܡ㲻ܼôȥˡȴһҴû˵ķ
īң˵Ǻַ
ҵͷЦʱҵ뷨ǣЩȫ֮ôԴЩӦöΪɣԽǡҾͿʼɱ֮áΪһٶټ
Ͷơ϶ºīҲЦ˵ϵ飬Ȼֻ氡˭뵽ץЩ֮ͽץЩʮ֮ͽΪ˳Ͷ񣬶ΪѰ·
֪࣬û˻ΪôдЩ֮ͽԼ֮⡣
ɾ֪࣬ī棬Ҳȫû취ң˵ôǴˡϾЩ֮ͽȷǸ
Ҫ˵ΨһĴ¾ûɣ
ô˵Ѫħ涡ڵʱûз񵽺̶ֳȣīңΪ֮ǰ˵Ѫħĸʱѿڶһ䡰ħͷԼϵĸӱ顣˵ںнҡʮа˾ţǽˡ
ҵͷ˵ǸʱĶ㣬ʵѾЩħˣħʵģʼòֶΣøӺһΣ˵ȻһΪһаò˵ʹħ壬ҲûеġܶаŵĹȫħ塣һаһֺдԵаħУҲǷǳ֮󣡡
ī˵ֹжʱ̲סЦŹôѪħִڳϹϵӶУ
̾Ϣ˵Ȿ֮󣬾͸ϹȥȰ裬ǸʱѾħˣ˸˲ࡣȥȰ棬ң˵аĹӱ˵ûκģ


824 زʣƶ
ī̲סЦЩˣҵĹʮа˾Ÿһ֮㵱⹦ңҲδǰʲôġ
ʱ¶ֲ֮ɫ˵Ҹ粵˵ɱĶǶˣһĿɶǺˡһ仰ҵ춼¡
̾ϢţЦ˵ǰƶ仰ҿ϶ǲͬģڡƺЩˡǰЩ飬̫Сˡ˵زΪۻǰ飬޷ƶģһġԣ֮ͨҲͶĴ̹Ȼˡ
ǰѪħ𣿡īʵ
Ȼԣ˵Բƶ񣬵˱Ҫƶ񣡡
īͷֵǰ˵ļǡƶҲͲ䱻֮Ϊˡ
˵ҲŽħͷһ֮׷ˣҲֹĿģҪʵѡ·Уȥԡ
ǣ֮ǰ𣿡īʵ
ûУֱ뿪磬ΪЩ飬һ֪϶ΪݡɴһصĵطȻ󲻶ϵ۷ǰء˵ҺҲͼֹ̫˽⣬зȫɽ硣صĺܡңҲû취ҵ
īЩ꣬벻ͷһλž޵ĶܣһԼѪħ֮оɡļܶʱֻáעݡ
Ϊʵ̫ˣ
־ܸ֮䷢ͻȻı𣬲Ȼûҿųī˵ôӦþǸķˡͻԭǲΪŮˣ
īͷ
̾ϢǾˣʱ㣬İһҲӦýβˡƻһΡҲľˡ˵˶ãء
˵ţ̲סЦ
һ콾ǧȴֻУ򵥵жû취
ī˵ǰȫͬţò˶ãǰͿٴλص硣Щĥ£˵ǰȥ֮󣬿Ժܿһɳ죬ֱ𾳽ء
Ǿͽ㼪ˣҴЦȻָǶСɽһĻƽ˵Щıܴپʹٰɡ
īͷ˵طָòˣô
˼ڴӸīԹˣװپװٰɡЩ涼ǶĲϡ벻Ȼжൽһ졣
ڴҲװʮ֮һĻƽۣʣµЩȻѻɽ
ʱԶͻȻ䴫һҵɫ΢΢һ䣬üͷЩ˴ǳıӵô
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ⲻʲôߵϢ;þλһƣ
ī˶̲סЩľ
Ǳ߲ԶһȺʿ߿ٵĸ
īһۿΪһʿϣһˣϸһ֮ǰԼһ֮ԵǸŮ
ŮҲ˳ī¶һĨɫҸīӡȻץ֮Ϊ˻˳ī
ΪΪʿӼīһ۾û뿪īе߱졣
ţȺʿǶѻɽĻƽۣʱһ󾪺
ƽۣ
ۣ
šǻƽ𣿡
ǴɵĻƽۣǷˣ
һȺʿУȫ¶ޱ̰֮ɫ
ǵϣδضˣܵ죬Ⱥˣ磬Ѿ׵ݱΪһȺΪԲֶε顣
ǵģϸ˵Ѿѱ֮ΪˡǵϣѿһйصĶ
īΪǸŮӣ֮¡ѾǼüõˣڱץס֮ܵвҲڵһʱͰѳīˡ
Ϊ׵ʿҲһ𾪵ĿǶѻƽۣȻ䣬һôĻƽۡö󣿡
Եһʿ̲ס˵ϴ󣬻᲻ᡭ᲻С߲ʡۣ˵̲סЩ£Щ͡
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˭ֻҪõ߲ۣ͵ӵ뿪֤ͨ
ڸֹϵĴ˵У硭һֱΪ֮ûֹطһֱȥ˭뿪
ǲ߲ۣΨеõ֮˲ʹá˾õˡҲûκá
Щ˲ں֪Լõ߲ҲûãҲŹģ
һءһҪأ
һ򲽣ûãҲҪ
Ϊǲ뿴ű뿪磡
ܿ࣬ҲҪһܿ࣡
Ⱥ˵뷨
ԣʶīҵ߲۵һɲǣˡȫˡ
ϱסǸŮīҵĿУҲ𺳣Լһ˿Բļʣ
ˮվڳīԣ俴Ⱥˣϵ൱ǿվҪѡ
˭ģĿȺˣ˵ǵĳûи߹ǣٲǽأ


825 ս
ᵽ֣Ϊ׵ʿϱԱЩȻջջսʤͷԵǡΪʿЦͷжͷзȥɡڣƬ֮ϣҲֻһͨ˶ѣﲻˣȫǱӡͨˣԣʲôزصģ˵Ҳôϲ㡣ֻһ£Ƕѻƽ۽ǣа߲Ƭ
īΪ׵ʿѵ¡
죡Ϊ׵ʿһȻɭĿųīСӣǰѵԹԽ
ǵˡīΪ׵ʿЦ˵㵽Ҫļ£
Ϊ׵ʿۣ´ųīȻٺЦүҪүҪأ㲻ļ£ţ˵ţһ֣ɱ
һʿгһ˳ǹֱӳųīͳ
˫ľҲͶʮɣʿգۼ䣬Ѿ嵽˳īǰǸ˳صĳǹһǹ⣬ֱӴīԴ
ʿ¶ЦݣȵȥСӣ
΢΢üң¶һĨмı顣һ˼ˣܱһǹǲǲۡ
ʱϱסǸŮ̲סһĻȴѳī
ɱոջҪأ
ʿݺŮƨһ£Цӵģ˭Ҷ㶯˼Ӿɱ˭
ǾɱŮţīĿУȻĴһǿҵĳޡ
ʱ򣬳īҲ˲ȥŮΪԷǹ⣬Ѿ˹
ˣ
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īŲȻӰ粽һȻе߱죬˳صĳǹһ·ǹʿơ
ٶȲ죬٣ȥȣ֮
ǰĵˣȴҲнЩʿ
ˣī߱콫ʿһֻƸնʱ򣬶ԷȻûзӦ
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صǹڵʯͷϣһصľ졣
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ţһ֧ţڳīովĵط
ī̧ͷöǸŮԴ𾪵УһŹһڲϵĲš
ȻŮȺʿĵˣһģ
ŮԼһûгīе൱ɫٴγһָ֧ī
īŮ˵һ䣺ٸһһͰж˿飡
һ俴ͨͨв֪ΪΣŮȻĸоҿīĿ⡣
ŮʿŭвӵŮˣ
īۿʿҹȻǶ֮仹û֮ǰɱǣ
ʿȻЦϲˣ˵ʵɱЩɱһжûУϲǿӲɡȻʱǰ㱻ŪСӡȫ
Ϊ׵ʿ˵ţһ֣һϣСӸɱˣ
ҿһ۳īðæ𣿡
īҡҡͷС£治Ҫǰæǰžͺˡ
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Щеʽд󽣣гꪣµϾȻӼסȥǳ͡
ǿīĿ⣬ϷʡͬèĿ⡣
īȺ˵Ŀ⣬ǳ䣬ͬ˵Ŀ⣡
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дһصƿ
һƴܲᱻֱ룡
ȺһǾþɳʿһնһ˲䣬ʿҲ˲ֱ֣ӷס˳ī·
ʣʿɢīֱӰΧڵСǵڶֹīܿһ㣬µıգ
֮ǿī·ˣ
ڣīһʼûҪˣ
֮ǰҵ㣬īֱ֮󣬳īܹԸоԼƺһ˿ڵõָ߲֮оԡ
ȻȻ޷еЩȴҪȸոսʱ˲֪ٱ
ԣֳµʿīӭͷϡ
̧е߱죬ݺնǰնġޱȵµ
Χ۵Щʿ̲סһЦ
ǿ˼ֱǷˣ
ȻеĵȥѾγ˴Ƶµ
Ƿ·Ѿ˱һĳֻЩϧǰѺõƻᱻµһɣ
ॣ
һ졣


826 
ܶ˱ȫʶı˫ۡȵǰ۾֮ʱһȫ𺳵ôǣſȥ˼
ӼֳµʿеĴ󵶣Ȼֱնϣ
ûǾ꣬ͿǵӰԸӿٶȡֱӳʿ߸ߵʿݺһն˹ȥ
һֻڵʯһ˲䣬ʿеµնϣûüȣ͸оԼ΢΢һ飬ʶĵͷһۡ·𿴼һһ
ʲôʿﻹ¶ȵı飬ûܸоԼ˼ά·𶼱סˣ÷ǳ
ʱΧ˵ľȻ˫һʣһ뵶µҪȥѰҵ˵Ӱһɾʹ䴫ţʿʲô֪ˡ
İӣͨһˤ䣡
һŨѪ˲
ʱԭͬʱīʿʶǵһµĵˣ
ΪǵǰѾʧȥǸ˵Ӱ
СģҲ֪˭һ
ʿȫʶĻعͷȥ
һֳֳꪵʿͨһԵһѾûˣ
īȻȫܶκεǿޱȵȴⳡսռݾԵϷ磡
һʿնŻǸֳֳǹʿīɱ
ϣ
ԷûбƵһǹī
ֻһǹոմ̳ʿбе˿־ͺڡΪոͬµǱһնϵģ
˵ԷУһ
ֻʱҲѾˣǰѳǹֱϣǹͷһڵϡ
ʿڱ˵һתܡ
ī²ŻӰ粽Щ˲˼ٶȣֱӳȥһʿն
ʱΧʿȫŵûɢתͷƴȥ
һʿȻŲ·ֱӳڤӣ
˺ӱ߲ŷӦҪͣסȴѾˡ˴һͷڤС̼䣬ͱˮûȫӰ
ʿʱң˿īĿ⣬ȫ˿־塣
ԭΪ˴ˣڲŷ֣Ȼһͷײ棡
ֱԼ
˲źȻЩ˽ֵ塣ԭȻҲǴǲĸֵģ
ǰˣԾǲǿߡ
ΪŮʿҲ𺳵˶Щ¡еǸŮǳʧȥüīͷ£ȫҿīĿ⡣
Ҳ˻ںޣ֪統ʱһֱߣϾָߣ϶Ҫ
һǿõһֶǺҩ
һ͵Ŀųī̲סЦ˵СһǿսûоѪǲǿġսһܷḻ
īǫЦЦǰЦˡ
Ϊ׵ʿʱѾﻢˣҪȥ˷𹥻ǲˣΪԼʧȥ˸˶սɾˣлʮֲʡ
û߲ۣܵõƽҲ
ֶ򵥼ӹһ¾һӼסǿǵǹı֮ǰֻ˵ֶûм
ôīĿһΪ׵ʿ
ʱʿȻһóī벻ľٶȻһץסԼǰŮͷȻһֵֻϣһѷذףݺͱŮĺġ
Ů۾Ȼɴ¶Ĳǿ־壬һȫŵ𾪣
㡭Ůֻ˵һ֣
Ϊһͱʵ̫ˣ
òŮĺ֮ϣһ
ʿŮʬֱȻųī˵Բ𡭡һᣡҪôӢ۵鷳ҰɱˣǸ
īеŭȻЩطΪʲô֮ء
ǰɱԼͬ顭ҿȥŮˣȻɱĺԥɱ֮Ҳû¶֮ɫ·Ǿһİĵˣ
Ҫʱ򣬺ԥľͰƳī޵ľˡ
˵Ҫ𣿡īĿϵʿ
ʿʱǣЩ˼Ŀųī㲻Ҫɱոջ˵Ҫù㣬ɱڰɱ
ī˵ˣˣʵûʲô˵ġ߱죬ֱʿ
㡭ҪʲôΪ׵ʿ¶Ȼ֮ɫȻͻȻ佫еذףݺݵīȥ
ಣ
ذ׷ƿѸī
īһɱܿذףȻӿٶȣ嵽ʿǰ̧־һ
꣡
ʿһѴ󵶣һ¡
ֱӱնϡ
īһһʿܲˡ


827 ݶ
īһֺֿݣһһǿҵķŭ档߱챾³īһ㶼ܶעһȻֲ£
ʿīնΪΣֱӵ䵽ϡսŵȿ񱼡
֮صսҲкܴĲͬƺһ١
ʣЩʿﻹͣһ񱼣ֻսܵĲ죬һ޻Ӷž졣
īûȥ׷վЩźĿǸѾȥŮʬ塣̾ϢԲģҪ桭
Ҳֲ㣬ֻ˵֮ص淨򡣡߹ĳīļȻ˵ȥɡ
ʱīؿڵĲͻȻ䱬һ
īжʱһΪǲʾ
ǰѾû˱ˣΨһˣҡ
Īǣ
īЩţΪʼգûϸܵκζĸоһֱڰ
һˣôҪң
īվŲжϵġ
ǿšܻѪ£һ衣
ī𾪣ȴɫͷǾʹǰˡ
ϷҲǺܶ궼ûи˽ˣ֮صʲôҲˡǸͲһһȺ˼롭ΪȴǶ顣ǵĹûʲôʴȣ̸ʲôԵе϶ѼЩп˵ţȻųīԼסȥ
סﲢԶ·һĹҲ͵ˡ
һԲľѻķݣȥܹҲܹɫ㣬һԭ̬ĸо
߽֮󣬺ܿ˻Ȼóһֻ¯˵ֵطûʲôöһֲܲ
˵ţȡһչޣ֮һ˱ǶЦҲ֮ءõĶˡֲ棬϶Ϊ֮󣬿ֱϴȻĶѣҪÿ˵츳ֱܹӽĲҶ˵Ѿ㹻ϡˡ
īͷЩȵĵϾֺöһҪ
ҴЦǰֲ裬֮ջ񡣡
ʱǱߵˮѾտСƬҶӽɱ棬ÿӽȥƬųīЦСⶫʵǺϡ٣ƬѾ㹻ˣ
īͷȴЩǣʶľã⡣
ʱѾܾûκζľʶУͻȻһɵĲһӲдڳīľʶС
޷
ŵ˼˼
īȻǣҲѡŲ
ҽˮݿǹŨʱľݡ
ζƮƮɵĸоˡ
ī̲סһò裡
ǣ㳢˵ţһɱڳīǰȻԼһ΢΢˫ۣڱǼϸϸţһı顣
ţһڣȻ󳤳һúȣ
īҲѧӣһᣬǹɲȷĸ
Ȼ󣬳īҲһڡ
˳źһ·£ȻīодһɵĲ
īжʱȲѣû뵽һˮȻܵһ˿ﴫĲ
óīе൱𾪣ͬʱҲ̲סЩˡЩԲ˽⣬¶ȺƵʣʾ
ƺЩ֣
ʱ򣬳īͻȻоһʧȥ˿ƣжŵĴɱžһˤڵϣˤ÷飡
̵ˮƬҶȫĳȥ
Ȼ󣬳īֱӱǵһ㽩
ôˣǱīһƵģȵĿųī
ңôͻȻܶˣīҲȫ֮ɫĿңǰңôˣ
ôųīת˼ȦȻָ˵ī壬ֳīޱȽӲȷǲܶˣȻźȻЦǺǣˣվ̫ˣ
ǰʲô˼ī𾪵Ŀңǲŵɫ
Ҹ˵ģ֮أֹط˭ԸţЦǺǵĿųīҸ߹㣬ˡʵܱ֮ΪˣеˣѾʧȥԡȻҲңԼԸѡңǺǣ档
ǰ˼𣿡īĿң֮ǰҪ߲͸ǰġ
ޣҼǵãȻǵãֻǣһƬ߲ۣôҵθڣȻϣ뿪طˣΪʲôѡࣿ㡭˺;ˡǺǣ߱찡벻ѵȻ䵽ŵһԶԽʮĴڰ̾ţȻ˵ʵûƭ̫࣬Ҹȷ죬ֻ֮䲢ûзĹһģһֻѡŮˣҡѡˣ㲻ңûô࣬ҶûȤֻҵֶΣ㲻ͬҲȷѡʮգ³
ô˵һʼѾ⣿īɫʮѿĿңʵ
ԡҿųī߲ʻƽϹһ˲䣬Ҿ;ˣ


828 
˵ţī繵棬Ȼ֮̾ɫ£һ㶼ûƭ㣬˫ʵģҲֻһˣ֮ǰҲйһЩž޵ţһЩţԹﴹ¼ǧȥȻԵƽ㣬ȴ߲ʻƽ㣡Ψ㡭һ¶棬߲ʻƽˡ
ʱ㲻˵ҿ϶֪¡Լ͵͵Ľ߲ƬߡīĿңⶫ˲áһǺɣ
Ȼش⡣ⶫ˵ȷãΪǸͲ֪ôãһȺĺ˶ѡǶʲôҵϴżֲмı飬Ȼųīǰ⣬ʵý˵ˣôûмƷı⣬붼룡Ͽ϶Ų˼ıҵʱ͵͵ȡ߲ƬôĻͼıϵĶôܹȡΣ
ī漴ЩȻЦ˵еҾԶԡ
ֻû뵽ǣȻ֮仹ޡ⡭ҲұҪһˡҿųīҸ֮ĹϵֵܻҪףһֱ̤𾳽磬취ҡû뵽ȴͨ·ϵȻԼȥ뿪طΪֵܣұ𡣡
˵ţЦеĿųīˣڷ
ķڷīʮԵ˵ն񶾵ǰֵزҲĺܲסңݼǳҿ㲻ȥݸϷʲôģҲȫûκⰡ
ˣ˵ЩûõĶˡҵĿųī֮Ը˵ǰһΪģڶȴҲǸúõһΣסҪκˡ
ǰɱңīңʵ
ɱ㣿ɱʲô֪֪طȥҪЦЦ˵Ȼһ㶼ϵĻǶԲ˵ҲҪЩֶεġ
ĥţīҡ
ǰĻȥģôֶѡǸ֮жǻͶ˵ţ۾ﾹȻð˷ܵɫ
ī̾˿ĴȻ磬һֱҲž޴ĺңѵһζû𣿡
УȻС̾Ϣһ£һеΣȻҹڵġģʲôδ˵£ҺˡñԪģһԣҸȻֵܣҸһ¡һġ
˵ţһĿųīҸ뿪ܹõǿı
һСʿϣʲô㶯ĵıīЦ
ʱˣ㻹ƭ˼ҿųī߱ܳ˵һͨСʿͨʿ¶Ҫ˭һ
ðɣô˵Ҫϵıɱң԰ɣīĿʵ
Ȼһشʮָɴ࣬ȴЦҪô˵аأµ񡭡㽻ϵıôܻŹ㣿һ˾ţҲǳԱ˳ŵ
ҵݼɫı죡
һѾԽ˵һĽ޵еĴڣġȻݼ
˵һ˵װһףѵװһӺˣ
ⲻѣǼܣ
Ϊ˭ҪܴСװһװôҲľһˡа񣬵ȫǺ¡һֱˣ˭ΪǸˣ
Ҳģ
ķȷһֱ죬û˵ǻˡ
𣬳Ͷƣ·ƽˡֱһʿĵ䷶
ҵԼǸˣȴ
ҾһˡһصصĻˣ£ΪûǸҪҪôа飡
ҵ
ԣƭֱһƭһ׼
ǳīִû˵ˣҲᱻǹȾ֪ģĵ
īĿңȻҺĻҵֱȴңӿʼһֱڣһֱҪɱҡ֮Ըҷϻô࣬һֱûж֡һӦҪҵȡõϢһ棬ȴ̫СĽȻԲ㹻ǿ󣬵ȻҰٷ֮ٵı֤һСԣԴ֮䣬Լ㹻ĺ·ûУȻǿķôҲһǺǣǰò˵ȷ
˸һӵĿųīãźٺЦ˼㶼˵ˡôԲ裿ֲҸϲ


829 ôܣ
ϵЦݺܲãһ仰˵ˣȡõϢⲻ١ĹЧȴǿ԰ٷְٵȷΪЩ꣬Ѿ˲ʮˣʮȫǾһʱĴܣûһӹġĹЧӹɡ˵棬ˣһʱ֮ڣҲ붯һ£
һţЦųī˵˼ǿ϶ඣ
ԣҵȻ㡣ΪΣҪɱҵġī̾˿ʵеϧ
ŶϧʲôҶԼޱţı¡ԣ̬֮£һкͳɾ͸Сø˺䣬Ҳͦ˼һ¡
ΪҿһֱڻģٶͦһᣬͻԶҩЧΣ
뷨Ƶ˵УǰٷְٵģԣԸ⿴ŶԷ侲꣬Ȼһӡ
־ʿߣһūͣӦͦ˼ġī̾Ϣңˣ޾ޣ͵ı䲻޵ıʡԣ˻һͷߡδң£ڡöࡣضԶ
ֱӱˣųīҲ̲ס̾ϢôŵˣҲǵһμͷˣ٩٩̸ˣҲ˵Ĳˣˣ·
Ҳȥˣţɱ֮Ȼְ취ܴҳеܣ
˲УԿԣ
ΪһԽǿʿŵġ
ֵطôɱأīңϴżֺ֮ɫ
֪ΪʲôЩ֮ҪΪ𣿡ЦǺǵĿųīΪı㹻Ӣ£ûУֱ֣ȻסһЩˣȴ޷סˡֲܻģɿҡ֪طǽء
˵ţȡһѷĶ̽ѽһ֣߱ţ߱ǰɣûǺġһλǿƥ𣡺λˣѽշתҵϡȻǺģĲʡȴ߱켸һģһȻ϶û߱ôǿɱˡȴ
ī۾Ѷ̽ȻǷĽϣܵһɴ̹ǵĺ⡣
ϷѶ̽һǧٶˣЩˣûһܻӳȥһȻĵκαֻҪմѽͻϵҪǣѽÿһٸ˵ѪҺͿսһʱ䣡棬е㲻ԡطնɱһʱ䡭Щ˵ζʲôף
ԣɱһٸˣȻʣһǧٶˣʵѽԼɱģīҡ
ҴЦȻһ΢ЦģѶ̽ߵīǰģһһʹ죬ûκʹ뿪硣ʵҲãϾֵطŻȥ
˵Ķԡī̾˿ְɣȻ۾ҡ
ҶʱЦã
һֳڣֱӳ֣
Ѷּֿ̽졭ī࣡
ͬʱȻЦеĶųī۾ֻǿĻɱ֣
ݼҲû˭ˡ
ʱ򣬳īˡ
ȫûа취ٶȣ߱̽ҵࡣ
ۣ
һѪ˳ҵֱ
絽˳īֱֵ棬ֱۣȴ˿ûȵµһ
ƷǷƷôҲǲƷġīҲЦǺǵĿңȻһֻ֣Ҷŵ߱
ȻǷƷⶫҲһ˲õı

Լãͷ͸Ҳа
뵽žգīĶ뵽꣬ҪҲҪˣò˶ãҾͻȥɽ档
ô᣿ǿǿƥֱӱ̴˲ϡ
ǿľ磬ûܵһʱȥͬʱһǿƥСˣڷͻҪ塣ȴûκôȻīһ̴ҵ壬ϵķӡȻڡֱӷӡҵĵڶԪ
ī΢΢˫ۣȻݺһٴδ뵽ҵ壬ĵڶԪֱӴ̴

ҷһ춯صĲҽУϵϢ˲˥ȥ
ԭȻϣȴΪĵڶԪǿƥֵطһ꣬Ҳȥ
ŵڶԪӦо˲䱻գѸٵĲϡ޵Ľӽ
⡭ɡܣҵûа취ţһʿˣо˵Ϊô׾ٵնɱԼĵڶԪ
£һԽĴڣĵڶԪ棬һǳԽͨģ
վһԪӤʿһ꣬Ҳа˺
ڡīԪӤʿȴֻһ
֮߱£ûʲôնġīϾң˵һ䡣
ڡΪģⲻܡ˿Ŀųī
Ҳ֪īʵʵ
ҸµһһǱûġ


830 ջ
һֱҵ涼ɻͲʣ뵽˳īûлīûбƣװҲоţսͬûΪˣ˾Ķ֣
ī֣֪˽սʮǿ󡣵ȻţǽսĻʮɰգԳΪվŵǸ
˵ޱţ᲻á
ƫƫģûãˡȻطʩչΪ
̵ġֱ̫ˣ
ͷ𣿶ҵģ
һ̣ҵ棬ȷͷΪֱ̫˼ˡ
֮¡Ȼܹףɱ
ҷŭģǳīǾ䡰Ҳ̵֪ġô֪ܲһݼ԰СӾȻҲԩ
һ˿롣
߱ʱڷȥĵڶԪеĺ
ȻǧˣһԽʿ˵еľȻ൱ֲġٰѳīڴûġ
īЩ߱챻ŵ
īȻǶģΪ߱ڲࡰԱˡ֮󣬾ȻԵΪý飬Ȼ嫵ľעȥ
īϣʱ¶ı顣
һҵʬ壬īҲЩźΪûܴӶԷʳʹ߲뿪طķ
īԭû̫ѹսƷȤΪһֱܽӴĶԶԶԽߵĲΡ˵ˣЩϵĶۡ
ǰλԲһ
һĸ̰
һԽ˵ĴڣϵĲƷôԴô٣
īһۿָϴŵһöָժ֮þͨһ¡ֱӱ档
ѾˣڽָϵķӡȻǿޱȡڵĳīܹġ
ԽīԽָ֪Ķ϶һ㣡
һĽöָ뵽УȻ󣬳īҪ߱Ҳߡ׼ͷ͸ꡣ
һΪ㹻˵ˡ
ɾʱͻ
ԭīһԵ߱񣬺Ȼ䷢һҪƿնȥ
ͬʱһֱϾ߱죬ȴͻȻ䱬һޱǿɱ˲佫߱񽣸
Ȼ󣬳īͿޱ𾪵һĻ
߱񽣾Ȼں̵ܶʱһ̯ˮ״ڻˣ
ȴȻŶ̽ģȻ󣬳߱˹ȥ
īĿɿڴ˵Ҳԣ
ಣ
Һֱ̬߱ӷ߱쵱У߱Ϊһ塣
ţ߱ĵϣһĨĹ⻪Ȼ󡭡еľһ΢С飬ȫֵһ㡣
Ȼһѵīȴиܵһɵζ
ī̲סһ䣺׼͸ĸҳˣ˼
߱ʱһڻӦ
īȻܵһɵϢ·ڹֳīСһ
īǳ鴤ţͷߣֻεҡҡͷ
ִҵϣ伮īԿǹķһžȥɬѶҲû룬ӽ˲УƣȻʱпˣٺúòһ¡
ܱԽʿղصľ飬϶ʲôͨĶ
īʵԼҲں棬Ϊʲô壬ͻȻͻָеΪ
ΪһԪӤʿ˵Ҫһֱ̫ף˵ôһᣬһ궼û¡
Ժ׵ľƭҡīԼȴͬΪʲô
طȻû̫˽⣬ȥ˵ЩӦöġ
췣֮أظԵȫӡһиΪйصĵطЩʯķáΪʲôԼͻȻָΪ
˵Լطǳ޵еĴڣ
붼ЩЦһԪӤʿƬܴŴ޽ɡɡʿϣݺ޵У£
īҡҡͷЩЦͷ
ֵط޵Уʲôã
˵ܶεǾ仰һ˭Ըطţ
󣬳īⷿµһռǣ¼ź֮ܶص
īķ˵˽⣬ҲԽԽࡣϸݵĽӴһаʮĳ˳īǰ
ֱī߲۵һνܣϣ¶Цݡ
վһҡڿԻؼˣ
Ȼ뵽طŲһʱ䣬īȴһ㶼ûȤ˽һط
֮أⱲһβ룬һΡԾ͹ˣ
һʿ˵ʧȥΪֱʧȥеķ
Ҫ顣
ټˣĵطī˵ţʰãվ뿪ӡ
ֱڤٲȥһѻƽ۵ȥߣͬʱһֳīҪõ飬ҲڤУ


831 ڤ
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ǵ֮󣬻ɥʧһΪΪԽߵ飬ʱԽΪȻӡΪеڡֻ޷ʹãȴṩԪǡ
κһʿ˵ʲôϢ
ΪֵطʱԽԽһ־޴ĥ
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Գī˵ȴʮƽԼûⲻǣ
īԼ֪ٶԲ˵ζʲô
Щѡ񣬱統˽ʱ򣬲ԪʯԪʥȣЩȴѡѳīԣ
ΪǵΥǻᱻɱĨģ֮صĻᶼС
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ȻͿʼȥץڤ棬԰ڤ治ϱī뵽ڤС
ڲУīʶԺ֪ǵĶ
Щڤ汻Žȥ֮ȫζЩǰĳףſš
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³ī׷ˡ
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ʲôʱҵֻسˮʲôʱͳ
ī飬һӱرá


833 ϴȥ
󣬳īʼ￪ʼռڤһѻƽڣûڤϹ
īͣ˼ʱ䣬ץ˲֪ٵڤ棬мڣ
ڤеڤ棬·޾һ㣬īЩɣ棬ǲȫֳӣȻĻôܻôࣿеĺΡ
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߲ʻƽۣڤֱӽǣӶ̤֮·
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󣬳īóƬ߲ۣȻԼָƣһѪȥ
ţһҺɫķѸٵĳ˳īǰⷫ·ƾһ㣡
뿪طķƼ򵥣ûҵǱռǣī֪Ҫоꡣ
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ĸоãī˵ţҽվȻһȥŲȻӰ粽ʩչسɴͨһ̣Σ˸֮ϡ
ͷĲ񷣬Ϊ̮Ҳīе硭ޱưܣ
ıѾǳˣ
˵ѪħٵķٶģīΨȻǸ⡣


834 ʿ
УڳīϣЩ̺ŵ൱ֲ³ī澳֮壬ҲҪСܿЩ޴ġͬһ
һ·ϣī¿ֻܿ淭ӿҽ
ΪҪ̮գīǰеٶȺѾˣôվǻ֮ǰܵЩˣҲѾ׻ָ
ʵٴԳī˵ѾǺõĲٺõĽ
ڣֻ뾡ϻؽǣԼЩȻ󡭡úõĴ˯һ̫ƣˡ

ʱĽǣѾһƬս
ĸŽգһɺƵǵأԳΪģ˷ɢȥǡ
Фվڳǽ֮ϣĿԶԶƽԭϺѹѹһƬһɱ֮ƬӪɢУ֮ɫ
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һˣվڲԶĵطҲڹ۲ŵ顣
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鶯ɽû½еıԴͨѶĴʯ
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˵ʲôӦŭ½òʲ岻ҲТȻʦͽ˻½ֱӱѹӡΪؽ鶯ɽļΡ˵Ҫú÷ʡԼĴ
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½ûа¸߸κˣΪ˳ī֮⣬Ҳ̸жĽ顣³˳īҲܰﵽ
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Ϣ˸еܣ˷ܼÿˣ

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ˣ֪ϢˣСıܡ
صĳǿĳ޵еĳѾڽеʿĿУ˸
ˣǿʿΧţھĻ֮󣬲ˣѾ̹Ȼһˡ
ǿΣǽҲǳصģ仰Ѿ˺ܶʿĿͷ
ȻһУԴǶԳġҲΪֻ޵еġ󹫼
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ʱֵģФˣڻѹ֮£նԷʮˡɹס˶Է
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ҲһսԭΪսĸʿһγһɸǿЩ죬ӦһֱϵС
ŵĴιӦþͿˡ


835 սǰϦ
ǮһڵʿڵɵֻһͨŵӡκܡˡıѡγΪǴеһԱսǸѡγԭҲΪĳպܸܴ߳ĺ
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Ǯֺ˼˵ԣĸǮСʱһɵǣճ֮󲻾ãҪȡֵʱԴһ飬͸һ֡
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ľɣһĩɣһֱǰеĹģҲ󣬴Լжʮӣ˵Ҳһεɡ
ٶǰʱȴͻȻ䱬ˣ
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һעȫʤʧܵսһȥ֮󣬲õʹ͵ķ񱨳꣬˵ĳЩۡӴ˺ǰ;
ĺûᣬֱϵڱһ¡
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ֻ󹫼֣û˵ֿµ顣
һֻϰٸԪӤʿΧ֮£ͻȻ˵£նɱôʿ
һеһУǮСָоⳡսƺûôô򣡶ңʱ䣬ԽԽ˽е׹ⳡսҲûеô壡
һͷβս
ûκɺĿ۸ˣ
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ǮӦһȻЩ૵ĴΰҪ̤ƽô


836 ս
ǳǽ֮ϡ
󹫼վֻһѩŮߡ
󹫼ǰôǲҪĴιˣѩŴ󹫼ϴһĨĵǡ
󹫼һѩȻƫͷһ˵ڵʲôļүԸ𣿲£үȻ˵ˣסһ꣬ǾһꡣˮֵģͰĵĻȥǣЩ飬Ҫʣһʱ䣬Ӧ㹻ǳԪӤˡʱ򣬾زסǣүҲа취뿪ط
󹫼˵ţһңԶıүµûĻīӦѾɹˣߣЩʺһɺͼ壬ȫȥ̽ˡȵȷǸѾ֮󣬿϶һʱѡ˱ʱǾͰȫˡ
һ￴һ۴󹫼Цǰ˵ɣеǰĻ˼˵īܹɹ𣿡
󹫼ͷǵȻȻСһദʱҳö࣬Щ飬ǲ˽⡣СϣдƵģ֮ǰǹɻ궯ӦþСӶ˵ˡ١ǿ£ʱٳһ㣬綼ҪŻˡּսӦó硣ɽ硭Ӧó֣
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סģ󳷣϶Ǳӡģʩչȫܹסģ£ɱȥһˣȺУд߸ȡ


837 ǧɱ
ʵϣЩˣȫ֪Ĵڵģ
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ĴιҲ־ڱصõһΣ
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սǡ̲ס໥һۣ˶Էеԥ
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ʱФд˵°ɡվǷ˵ġ˴ʱ϶Ҫ뿪ġ
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ʿԪӤӵгһҪߣȴܵùıڶëУֱӱһƴʿֱը

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䣬߰˸ëֱ׼λʱѾӾܣܵٶȱ˸죡
ʿǳ׵ıɢˡ
Ϣϴ󹫼Ĺڴݻһġ
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ˣһڣȫĿɿڴĿԶһĻȻʶİĿͶ󹫼վķѾһˡǿһˡ


838 үмҪ˵
˵Уȫ޾ľ⣡
Լ𾪣
ֽ֮ǰζû뵽ġ˭Ԥϲ󹫼׾ٵĻ˶Էһ͹öԷĹ;ϡ
ҾȻ׵׵ľɿֲ
үǽǵӢۣ
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ţˡȫ̲סǶﻵˣҲŻˣҪһйڣúõķйһ¡
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нĿеӢۣڳء
īС˵ġүҪʮ컯֮㲹ӣʮ走үë
ԭһ˷ܵĻŴ󹫼һ˥ֻһһڨڨı顣Ǽ󹫼ǳ˵󹫼ףһ˵гɹȴû뵽һԼǽǰֹҪôӳīϰʧһûЦá
󹫼һ̧ͷһεĻʱµĽϵĻ˽˵Сˣ
Ŵ󹫼۾˸ŵΣչâϽ˵Ҹģ㿴ϵĽӡʵģ
󹫼̲ס˸ۣȻոգʲôûɣ
ȿȡû켦ǰģǸǳ鴤һķġ
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үӢۣ
ү꣡
ӽԺ󣬽˲Լ֪ĸһƨ˷ܹͷˣɤŻϴ졣
󹫼ʱһŭС̸ȣ˭˵ԼģүôϲԼ
ͷߣŵļһ˵һǸոǸӢηʩչǧɱӢ۴󹫼
Ĵſڻﵽ㣬ȫۼˣ黶ţף֮׵ʤͬʱҲйŽٺļ
⼸ǴС¼˷ֱ̫ʣһЩܲ˵ˣ綼ѾˡˣһŴ࣬ͬʱָгһգһ츳׿ĺӣôӽԺ󡭡ֱӷˣ
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һЦһѩͷһȺˣ롣
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˶Դ󹫼ĳƺȫú𾴣ҪôмүҪôҲд󹫼ǰֻлƋOһһ󹫼ǴĽ飬󹫼û۸ƋO
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㣿һһ㶡
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˵ϣȫſĵЦݣǮҲе̼ȫֵúϲ£졣
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˵ڶ죬ƣ˷ܵһУָ
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󹫼һĿŻƋOء
ϣûëļЦˣظƨѵ㻹ܱı飬֪֪ԽԽЦƋOָŴ󹫼ϵĻڵϴشЦ
̵ģСƹүⲻҲΪ˴㻹ûеͬģ󹫼̲סŰۣһߵĵ֪һëж𣿡
֪ͷҳүȥɣƋOŴ󹫼ӣ̲סЦ
󹫼ѾͷҲûа취۸۸ҲͰˣ˼ѾɳΪһƯĴŮҪǻȥ۸Щ˵ȥˡ
ֻһߵתͷȴͻȻסţ㳶ɤӴСӡ㡭ôʱ䰡үм£Ҫú˵˵


839 һ
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󹫼̲סһԴ󷭰ֹۣŮ˶ݼɣ
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ۣ̫ˣƋOֱӳǰųīݺһ£Ȼɿܵˣǡӻ
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īһͷߡʱҲ˴󹫼ŵĻ¶ı飺󹫼ëأ
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󹫼Լֹ죬̧ͷûٶʲôֻǿųī̾ϢСĵƺô󣡡
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ֻΨһĵǣֻгīһˣ


840 鶯ɽ
⣬󹫼ȴȫģΪڳЩ˵У˵ǵڶ˽īϸģû˸˵Լǵһˡ
һѩִӳīһ鷲˵ʱʶѣҲûд󹫼˽īĶࡣⲻ˵󹫼īļʶ㲥֪ʶԨ
ԣ󹫼һī˼ʱһԹĶɷЩ壬ү̫ˣɫˣ
˾˵ëʱеɫ࣬ûë֮󡭡ﻹʲôɫࣿ
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½ǲΪֻ̫ڵĽ㣬ڼҲܰˣһˡ
󹫼Ҳ˽ǣûëļˣ⡣
īһٶȺܿ죬һ·ûͣЪ֮󣬱ϵ鶯ɽɽ¡
һƬĴɽһЩϵĽȺɽ֮С
кܶĶȫӳڲ
īżŮֱ鶯ɽţǰݷá
ɽŵĵӣһŮеӢŮľʸ߹󣬸ȻʶȴҲҴ⣬æһʵλǣ
ǳīȥͨһ˵īѻȥġīɫĿ鶯ɽɽŵӡ
ɽŵĵ΢΢һ漴ɫ䣬ϵЦҲǣСĿųīԵȡңȥͨ
鶯ɽһֱͷڹһһ磬ɲǵϢҲǱģ
籱Ǽ¡Ǹոշǳսȫ鶯ɽڲΪ𶯡ѾӣǲӦð½÷ųˣϾ½Ҳûʲôǳīѡ
ˣ˵ŰҲã˵ִҲãǸȥȰ˵ˡһеסŻ˵īܹܵ鶯ɽͷϲɣ
ڵã˼ˣ


841 ӭ
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֣ǹȥǸͲ˵ңƤ̧һ¡
൭һ䣺īʲô
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842 ͸ŹŹ



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ԣ½зǳܣʦ˵ôߣ
򵥣ұ㣡ʦ˵ţҪǰ


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½˵Ůܲףң
⡭ɲ㣡ϽߣԳǵģҲʧˡ
ʦֻһʱʱ䣬ҪĥһᣬԶòŮˡԺУʦոնĽ
Ƕ㲻һֱϲ½ʦʦͳȫ㣡Ϊʦ㣬ȻҪ̵ʱ䣬ΪŮˣ֮󣬴һ𣬹λµĳīӣ
ԳǸոϢʱ˶ɵˣдһ֣
ҸɵˣĵˣǱŵģ
˵ʦҪҪҲҪַɣ
Ҫǳī֮ǰӸ˵ⷬôĻ˷ܵ˼ˣǳī½֮ʲô鶼ûУҪŭǳī
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ԳȻҲһţīȣȫûȰ
ӽһԳǾ޴ĺ
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Գ˶סˣ֮ǰȻҲΣȴû뵽Ļʵֵһ졣
Ĳɫհ
ʦΪʲôҪô˵ԼСͱʦͬӣԳʣԼƺû㵽ʦ˸ĵز
ĳĶԳ˵Ƕʦǿ㳤ģƷԡ츳֮ѡҪԼҪȥīȽϣеľ뢶ʲôʦ֮ôţǴģȣī磬԰ɣ
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ʫ鶯ɽ϶鶯ɽĵԼһЩơУȻŭƽЩųīĻģ
鶯ɽô޳̶ֳܵȣô͸Ƿ
ʫ侲ɱԽԽǿңΪѾٲµ鶯ɽô⣡

ݺݵī
ͬʱӲġ򵥴ֱġī˹ϵ
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īһӣ˵ӣ黹ûе޷֮ǰϣܻͷҳīôƵģ
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845 ȳˣ
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󵨣

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Сӣսǿ˲𣿡
һȺ鶯ɽĳȺ鼤ܣŭųīǳī̫ʢȺ˿̲סҪˡ
ʱȴ¶һԩĿЦֹס˵ĽûʲôûʲôģֻҪʹ˾ͺá鶯ɽܻҵϣ
ţǡǸͬ
ԣǸͬ
ǿΣѵͿ𣿡
ӵٶ׼鶯ɽȺ߲ŭȻԳīȻޱȵĿ־壬ԽԽʹ޳ī
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ԳԼ֪Ӷжϲ
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㣡ģ½һʱͿˣһ˹ȥ
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ոɫǵŮּͷϵǺüʦֵܡֱ֮
ʫһ۳ī΢΢˵ͷ˵Ҳ


846 ʳ
īͷʫʵҩأ
ʫһһ̱һŵԳǣҩأ
ڡڡ⡭⣡ԳǵӶţг޾Ŀ־壬߶µĴӻͳһŵҩȻһûסһڵϡ
˵ʫԳһţ
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һţǶ߶µİľ˵һ顣
Ǳ߱īڽµﰡ
죡īݺһȥһĹͷӵһֱֻ֣Ӳ顣
һ鶯ɽȫ
ͬʱȺ鶯ɽĳǡǣԳǵĻ֮ȫ¶𾪺Ͳ֮ɫ
ζ벻ԼžȻɳȻԼͽҲҪƣȻԼˣҲо־ٶʵ̫޳ˣ
ƳīҲˣûʲôҷּɡԼͽܡַʽô˼
ѵ˵ŮһͽܣСһ߲ɣ
ܶٴοīĿ⣬ȫζ
Щ׹ΪʲôԴ̤鶯ɽһֱΪʲôǿƣ˰Եԭ˼һ֪ŵı
ô֪ģҪҪǣԼֳ£˼ҸҴˣ
ѿ飡
뵽ոǻԾ壬ߵָųīı࣬Ƕĳ嶯
ŵҩʲôģʫʵ
Գµ˵ǡǡǴҩǿҵġԡԻãʦ˵ʦóŵҩͻԹңҳŵҩʦûġ
ˣʫֱӺֹԳǼ˵Ȼ½̸֮ʲôĽ顣ΪŮӣ˿½ܵ˺жءΪԳǵĽһ˺
īŽµӣ̴Ĳ
ƴţȴ˵
īĿ⣬鶯ɽһڳɨˣȫʶĵͷȥ
̫ѿ̫ˣ
飬ƽţǶޱȵķŭԼߣȴǵֻʣ²û
īŵϵǿŵҩȻһӣȥǿŵҩˡ
ҲԡҲ԰ҲԡǶŸʲôввԳ˵ѡϰɱˣɱˣӸһɣ
ž
ϣְ˺ݺһƣ
˭֮˶ʱ
ģȻ½ã
ʱ½õϣ˪˵۾˾ɱ
ʦ½õĳ裡½ҧＷһ仰Ȼӣҹȥһԣ˵Գ˽ӣһɱ
½˵ţֱڵһŵԳ߹ȥ
ȫ𾪵һĻˣӾȻͨһ½ǰáҴˡңҸ㲻ɱԳǣɱʦְ
ûʦ֡½ͷҲصԳǡ
Ӻҵļ˵ҩӡүڡҳԣҳԡҳԻŹҶӡŹҵĶӰ
ֱӽǿŵҩ̷ȥֻ̼䣬ϱԳһĨ֮ɫҲʧȥһ㣬ʼץԼ·
һĵۣգۼ䣬ͱԼ˺ϡáһ˫۾ͨ죬ϵڼŮ֮ȥòдǴ󣺡ŹҶӡŹҶӰɣҲˡҡҵֵҩǿҸ׵С檡ҾһӰ
ǿŵҩҩЧǿӴʱʣһҲʧˣʼ˵Щȴڳ鶯ɽˣ޵ݵĸо
һţԳǣⷬ˶ҡ
ΪʲôŶôˣղż¹Ϊ飬ԳлޱȸжĻԳֻ
߹½ã¶ЦʦáɱҰɣһˣ
ҪҵĶӡҪҾôһǱߵʱŭȻǿѹڳλŮ˵ĳ嶯ƴĴԼ塣ҪҩЧƳ
ոΪ˾ԼĶӣ嶯ķܶ˵ĵҩ滹ΪƾԼΪѹסʱסѹס
γԴ˿̣ƺЩˣԼֵҩƵЩŮˣʱжܡ
½ĿһģԳǣɱ
Գȴһ̹ȻҲǱߵһۣ૵
½öЩԥȻ޼ԳǣϾԼʦ֣ҰĽꡣǸոɱҲɱˣѾЩ侲ɱˣȴЩ²ȥˡ
ʱԳǵһĨ⣡
̫˽ˣʦã֪²ȥ֣
ʱһԵ½ͻȻ䣬һȻ


847 ̸
½һֱӽԳǵͷ­ȵΪû۾ĵ⣡ҽȴŹ㣡
Գǵͷ­ߴﹾģһԣ۾ɵϴһĨĵ𾪻һϢա
½һԳǵԴֶЩ¡ƋOǰᱧסûˣɱúã
ɱҶӡҪᣡǱߵͻȻ췢һŭһԪӤϢ˲˶㣡
ãҪԱһ鶯ɽϾޱȵĴȡ
˺һɢû˷ȥԪӤԱˣǵٸǶȣʵҲûκá
ʱ򣬻ܱܵˡ̫ˣ
ʫͶҲһ漴īǶԳīĸһЩ
īеһնϣ߱ޱȾ׼նǿѾ׼ԪӤ
Ѫ֣Ѫȳ졣
ʬ壬
ǰĹ㳡ϣ˳ī֮⣬ǿһˡ
½Щվǣ˫۶ʧȥɡڶЩţһֱصʦ𣬾Ȼ顣˾ͬû˻һ㡣
߰ɡīһ½ã̾һҲûиõİ취ֻʱƣ½ԼĴ߳ˡ
ʱȡһ磬½õϣȻûˣһؼңⲻĴ
ǳƽ⣬Ҳǳ˽½ôʱʲôŰοҸʫ̫ܲǵĹ£ȥ֮ҿԸúý߰ɣ
½ãȻУˮ£˵ͷڶԣ뿪
ʼգ½öûлͷһԼʦţ
Ŀõļ԰ҪļҡȴԸĵط
ܶ鶯ɽˣȫڰУһ˻뿪ûһվһǲңһԭ򡭡û
Ǹңʱ˭޳ܵԼΪȥȺˣ
Ҫиߣн磬ܶʱǷƶʵȽģɾģҲɥ޳ܾٶ
˵־ʱԱ˽ӵ鶯ɽ˸оޱȵ߳ܣ
£鶯ɽĳ裡
뿪鶯ɽ֮ʫֱȡսһ˴
սգѸٵʧ֮䡣
鶯ɽ߷飬ûܳױסϾһĻʵ̫ˡ
и߲㣬иͨĵӣۡ˶ӣֱӾʹ˳ȥ
Ϣˣȫޱȵ𾪣ϵı飬ʵĺܡ
˭벻һСţȻ
Щԣ˾ģǸһоͽסԱ޷ɹĳī
ˡʵ̫ˡ
˵ϢֻЩпôղμΧǵЩУȫЩ
ôܰɣһԪӤʿѵܳԽķ򲻳ɣ
ī˼пԽ˵ڻУ׹Ľ飬ӻ벻ΧĽǣȻģģ˵Ǹ½𣿡
֮ǰҪ֪ǵ˵ʲôҪŵġ̫ˣ벻Ȼ磬ѾԪӤˣǰڻʱ򣬻ùɱأǸʱĳīʿ㲻ϡ
˼ֱˣ֮ǰȫû˵簡벻ȻǽǵĳĴˡ
Щڸжг֡ЩɲеЩСС壬֪Ҫࡣ
ЩšЩֱѪħ˵ĸо
ЩȻжЩģȴҲû̫⡣ϾǿιǣԿǡʼգǵĴŶûȥ˵ɱˡԼʧᡣ
ǳīôѵҴɣ
ģֹһˡ
˵еҵģܾǵŷˡŷ֮ǰԹŷͼȻȥתһȦͻˡȻӽԺȥҳī鷳ҲҪȥī⡣
ŷԵʱǳŷͼݵλʵҲ˵̫Ļ
飬һŷԵĶλŷҵļԪӤ۷ĴʿЩˡīˡȷܹǵģ
ӽŷˣȥǳī
ϧǣŷԾģЩ
֮ĵ죬һЩݣȴʮͦӰŷҵĴſڡ
һĶԿŵ˵ҽгīŷ̸顣
ŵһΣһˡСʧ˲Ѭ졣
ŷңʱһƬң


848 
Ϣ͸˳һһ˲ʹŷҡīŷҵŻûأŷҾѾҳһˡܶȫһֻʡĸ߽ʿϵӿ
˵ŷֵλڱһ˸ų˭ڳīϳԹأ
֮ǰһΣŷҼɳһľ񣬴ӵĻһ벽񾳽棬һȫڽǴսϣڻޱŨľ
ŷߺҪƬΪأκǰվǱ޳Ī͹ܲˣ
ˣʱ䣬Ѿдʿȥ
־ٶݺݳŷҶûʲôƫƫǻûκΰ취
˵Щ飬ֻŷ¸е޹⣬еκͷŭô飬ǶԳī֣ĸе־壡
İ벽ŷͼսܣǻ΢ʣΪŷͼûȫ֮籱¼ŷҴϵ£֪ˣȫһ亹
ʲôսܽ籱ٵǹĲҪӵŷߡһЩǿԪӤʿܵˣ
ʱǾϣīܹ籱ǧҪˣ
ЩĴԽǽΧʱŷҴϵ£ʱһЩΪӦòȥ
ŷԾȥпܽīϢй¶ȥŷҲûв뵽
飬֮ǰӦòȥЩȫĿɿڴ
û˳īĽǡȻ᲻ɴݣ
ֱûˣ
һ˽̶̼꣬Ĺƾʲôӵ˻ҵôĶһΧƣ
Ϊһսīʼնû֣ܳҲŷҺܶ˸еңΪīӦ籱ɱˣҲ԰ˡ
˭ûã鶯ɽǱߵһЩϢʹˡ
īĻˣһֱ̤鶯ɽһ׾ٵѹ鶯ɽ
鶯ɽŸ˽ӡȫˣ
ôǸɷǰߵĶð
ŷߵĺܶ˻ûüп̫࣬īˡ
ôŷˣΪʲôȥҾǵ鷳ȥΪʲô
һ̣ܶŷҵʿȫгǧͷڱڣ̣ŵ
īеվŷҵĴſڣϦϣ˺ܳܳһӰӡٱŷҵĶˣԶԶڰпšĿ䵽ǵͦӰʱ۾ȫ˸֮ɫܶ˵Уżֻ
£ŷ˴鷳ˣ
Ǻ꣬İû˸ǡйֳ鷳Ų˵ŷڲɹ
ŷԵһʱѾõϢ¼ͷˣæټ˼ĳϺһĻţԲߡ
Ҿã£ӦԼ侲Ȱ⣬֪ͨЩʿһɥı飬ŪһɹӡӶ𣿡һϳ˵
ѾǶ˲˵ˣڵ⣬ܹ֤ŷҡҪһսһһɬ˵˵ǿѾӹɡԣȰɡ
ƾʲôŷ֮ǰѾʧأôˣ桭ϣƾʲôҪЭһЭˣŷҵϾ͵ڳûˣָ¼ټǧ궼δ
ҲͬЭīǿվҲֻһˡݣھЩУҲѾˣӡȻĻŷʲô㣿
Ҳͬ
Ҿá
Ϊ
ŷͷˣ޳Э֧սȥһһ룬Զ˵Եĵ޴ѡ
ȰɡʱһϵһСӰ߽
ͼ棡
ͼ棡
ͼˣ
һΣŷЩ߲ͼ棬û˹ȥַкͱģȫС
ΪѾŷңϣˡ
ŷԿŷͼҲ¶ϲ֮ɫͷżϣȥסǧҪ˵˵Ͼȥ
ļȫ¶֮ɫʱҲֻӲͷƤȥīˡ
ȻĻܲüԳȥСӸɣôŷңҲĳʧȥˡ
ͼ棬˵Ӧô죿ŷԿŷͼһɬ
Ŭ룬ôī֮ԹģʱͻȻΪԼǸĶŷƽ
ʱ˿̣Ů簮ŷԣҪŷƽĳ嶯
Сŷôֵˣ


849 £
ŷҵĳϣſڣ׼ͿĽλүȥһȣ˲䴫īɱŷôˣ컹Լ
īϱûʲô仯ǼȫһӶ˵һͷƤˣ
˭ǲв
ϣȫ¶ŭ֮ɫķ
ˣڵĴǱ߳
Ϊ׵һȻǵմŹܼŷһȥһ鷳ŷƽ
˿ŷƽϣǱ֮ɫһ֮ǼɫѿĳϣߵīǰֵָΪ˶㣬ͿΪΪŷƽ㣡
īü΢΢һŷƽ˵˭ŷƽ
ԣŷƽүүôţŷƽŲӣһŭĿųī
ŷƽϽҹȥҰĵط𣿡һŭģƿڴʵȴҪλĶӡȻĻһſɱĶŭգգ۾ܰˣ
˵Щ涼µԴͷʵŷƽ
ŷƽŭĻӦȺϼһˣԽԽСһˣ³ûһѪԣѵŷңһй˶û𣿰
ŷƽŭ˻ţһɱŷҴǰǿߣõǷ籱Ϣ˭֪٣סЩ˲īƾʲôô
ŷƽȷǼһЩŷӵܵѪԽԽ߾ۼͬʱҲԮŷƽ
ûīûͷۣƾʲô
͸һսˣ
ģ۸ŷſˣĿ˵˳̶ȣǾ
ԣ
ŶԲߵŷԺŷͼˣԶԶһȫסˡͬʱһǿҵ⣬˳ǵð
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һϸϽŷԴѶִˣ¶治ˣ
īʼգȺ˾ۼиŭֻǵĿŷƽٴʵȷŷƽ
ԣƽүүŷƽôӦԼĺ٣һʱк鼤ԼǸܹڹؼʱͦĴӢۣˣԭһЩԳīĿ־壬ҲȻʧˡ
ԭŷƽսǱƳǵˣ㰡ī˵
ҪûڴŷӵܵŭС
ܽŷҳϣʱ̲ס໥һۣӶԷп˲ã
Ҫף
ŷƽ׵ŭɱ
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Ķȴûпī
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һൽµ졣
ȫǳ˶Ǻݺһ淢
ŷƽһĲҽУһ죬ֱһѪѪУдݡֱӱīһƿҪɵˣ
ʲô緢ʲôѪڡһǰȫͬһ㴰ֽ
һͱƣ
˷ǧŷӵܣҲȫһƸˡ
ζû뵽һᡭȥǻСˣȻǿƵֵز
ֻһˣ̤ŷҵΧǧŷҵӵܣȻ־ٶ
ϣ˶Ƕ侲ȻĻҲûôͻͺƽˡ
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ɱ
ϣ
ɱ
Ǽʮŭ𣬽š˲һƬ
ŵûɢһԪӤĳϵȫޱȷŭұ죡
䣡
һƣȻŷҵĳϵ˲ѹͬʱһʶֱ˵óŷҵӵܣѪ
ԪӤ۷壡
ŷҵĳɫ˲һƬҡ
һλҴߣ˵īսȻޱǿһµĺˣʵ磬رߡҲԪӤ
ŶãīȻѾ̤ԪӤ۷徳磡
ԭѾˣھҲˡ⻹в˻ˣ
ЩŷҵӵҲ˲ƻˣһ𾪵ĿųīôţһˣȻѾǸ漶ԪӤˣ
īϵϢͬˮһ㣬һһӹŷȺӵܵ塣
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ͨͨ
һʮٸ
ŷҵӵܣȫ޷ȻվīϵѹƵ÷׷׹ڵء
һȻ¶޾֮ɫģȴһַĵĿ־壡
ԭīĳϣһҲȫɫǺ죬ƴֿѹȻĻҲһҪ


850 ǿѹ
һĻЩֻ˼ֵˣȫڵֻԶһƬհף
ǻ죬ʶʲôǿߣ
ǿ֣ԱܶԼͷϡǿߵͷմմϲֱʱЩ˷ףǿߣͲԼģǿ߾ĴԼǿ
ǿ󡭡ȫηˡ˵ģ
ǶúǰɣīŹǰѹѹһƬŷӵܣ˵ǲǾϱ׼̤ˣǲǾΪӵܣӦ̤ϣ
īһıʣڳŷӵиޱ衣
Ȼ̲סӲͦżŭŷҵӵʲôʱ̤ˣʲôʱ۸ˣ
˵⻰Ĳÿģīһȥŷҵӵԭ첱ӴֵģͷǼΪίͷŭڸīһ֮󣬶ʱ̲סĵͷ
īľѾǿ󵽿ѹȺʿĳ̶ȣҪǰ˵ѣǼܵ顣
ûˣûм̤˵ϣҵô뿪ǵģǸʱ򡭡ѪǲǶڱĽŷƽãĽǼĶӣԱǸ޼ɵī絶һȺŷҵӵƿԡ
ʱŷҵļŷԣһȺٵĸϵˡ
ٲ֣ŷľͲǶˡ֪ɱ᲻һŭ֮£Ⱥŷҵӵܣ
Ͼŷɳǰǵʱ򣬿ûҪŹī͸йصһС
ǽ
жسг𡭡Ҳر
īҲŷȺһۣ۸ˣ̤˵ϣӦǶǵһ裿µĵŷռˣŷƨʸ𣿡
ŷһȺ˵ɫޱѿīһֱɱǻܡ
ʱȻûʲôˣʵϰȴۼ˴ˣڰп֡
īһ²죬ͻᴫǣ
ŷһΣǳ׵ˣ
ӣдͱΪȺС˰ɣݵλҲŷͼʱ򻺻߳ȻСϵȴҪ԰ʲôǳīϵ̫ǿ󣬳֮⣬˸īǰ
ΪСӣˣڽˣī˵ϣֻһŷң죬ְ׳գܵѵһᱻ˿Դ
ǣ˵öԣȺһİ׳գӦñúýѵһ١ȻǻΪĺ֮ڽءŷͼЦǺǵ˵
ЩΧ۵ˣ⻰ûסЦ˵λŷҵôôĬȫԼӵһ˿棿ĺ֮ڽ裿ֱЦˣ
ŷߣȫɫ࣬ŷԣҲüͷŷͼ˵Щ̫ˡ
ŷͼȴǸЩ˵ķӦֻǰĿųīΪ
ŷңҲǰһġīһŷͼͬȥɫѿŷԣ˵ȣɳҪɱںҳīһ㱾£ڲǻɢǳŷҵūԶɡ˵ӦΪ
ŷͼһɬųī˵£ȷŷǲȡŷҡҲѾõ˲ʹĽѵѪĴۡ롭ɱ¾Ӧÿֹͣˡӣ˵أ
뿪ʼͿʼֹֹͣͣôõ飿īһЦŷͼӡ
ǱŷһҪ˵ȴīһ絶
֪˭ǰӵģŷҵļŷ԰ɣ˵Ҳ뿴㣬˵ģںһ㹷ͷĳ嶯ī俴ŷԣԣϽԶ㣡Ⱝۣǰʲô㲻ϣ
㡭ŷԲ㱻Ѫ
ΪһļΪһԪӤ۷Ĵʿܹ裿еǹŭ𣬾Ҫڶ
ʱŷͼһۣ̾Ȼرһ°ɣңͰ½ҴҲһرŷЩҵ֧֡ҲãҲգһŰɡ
ŷɫ࣬īУʣƺ˵ʲô
ŷͼڰ֣ȥɣңתߣ
ŷԶʱˣŷңҲȷֻŷͼλ棬īۣΨһһīչսȴûнīﵽˡ
ǡͼˡŷתȥȴ˲ʺͷߺޡ
ʱߵһĻţͻȻĿڣҲȰ
оٺ١ǡ˵ڰǿѹζڳˡЩѹЩˣʱǵ棬Ҳĸоɣ
ŷԶʱɫʧȡ֮ġһΡлںޡ
ĻŵļʲôҲû˵ˡֻǱӰȥį
һʱŷңһ𣬽ɱû䡣ʢ˥بŲĵֻûԸ·Լˡ
ŷԸԸ⣡
ֻԸǿѹˡ
ֻϧǳī


851 
ŷͼųī˵ڿЩĺǡǲǣ
īϵȻȫţŷͼĻһЦȻһֻڵһ壡
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Ӹ߿տȥһ޴ѷ죬ͬ֩һ㣬ŷҵľ޴ׯ԰ݺύ
īһţ׻ŷҵ
ǻŷҵĸ
ȻǿԻط뿪ˡ
Ļŷ˵ͬڱ˻ȫˡ
ڵȺʹ޳īµŷӵܣһȫѪ嫵ľ䣡
ûһȥ
ˣȫˣ
Ϊ˵ǣ궯ķΧֻŷҵׯ԰Χ֮ڣǸߴΧǽȻڵͬЩĽһ𣬱̳
һ˲䣬ŷң׻ٵ
ŷͼ˶׾ˣŭӵĿųī㡭㡭ô
ʵû뵽ԼϣīȻǲ档ӲŷҵҲǾסļ԰׻ٵ
ؽȻѣȴǳ׷ˣ
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öԷʣһԪӤȻ׽ٽīԪӤӡԶӡƽҵأ
ˡƽǲǵģ
˵ʱǾ˺ܾãⲻǵʯһ˲䣬ͷƽ˵֡һĽңǵͷ
ϻдʱأ
ǳīôǿҲԪӤڵʿȻ͵ϮֱӱҲûܵģ
ԽԽƽҳϣǸӣҪúÿһۣīûбƽһȭ
ڿʲôͲģһͻȻһ
ƽȫܶ˻̲סһս
ţһƽҳȵţ
ȫǸһɵˣīվϵı鶼ûжٱ仯ȻǾ䡰жʱ޳ܱ顣
㡭ôܶһȭƽҲöܻعųīʵ
һȭĺÿ°īЦеĿƽ벽ĴܣȻ͵ϮˡҲ͵Ϯһȭòã
˵ˣǻܽ͵Ϯ
еƽȫͬ׳һĿųī
īʵǡܣ
ಣ
īһ˲ʧС
Ǳߵƽϱһֱһķ
ַڵʿȫһҲֱܽӴ
飡
ƽϵķ˲䱻顣
˲ȭ֮ȭ
һȭͬذأ
ʲôֹǰֽͬ
ƽϵӣͬһòȻϸ߿գȻԶԶ׷ɳȥ
һˤ֮⣬˼£û
ǿŽ͵ϮīһȻĿƽȺˣѧô
ī㣬̫ƽһƽõĳϣͬΪ벽񾳽ߣĿѵŭųī˻
ͬʱ߰˸벽񾳽ĳϣϵĲԳ쳣ȫī׺ѪԡҪīһ¡
ҲһЩϣ򲻶ȥĺˣ
ȫǿЩ˶ϵ˼ֻɣʲôʱԪӤʿˣƾʲôҲԪӤ磬ȴ׵ѹͬĸ֣
ƾʲô
ƽǲʿѪʱʳһ˿ƽЩˣҲ̲סĵıҪ̧ͷ죺ƾʲô
ס֣ؼʱ̣ƽҼվѰֹסЩҪͼȻһߵĿųīī㵽סҪôܷŹƽң
ӦԼɣⲻ⡣ī˵š
ҲҪ̫֣ʵھ磬ţһ죬ܹѹƽҼߵĵ
ϧǸˣƽҡī˵
ƽҵǷѪħǰ飬һΣΪ˻顣ǣװģĹһЩʱգǲûκʧ˵ƽһʧ˼ʿ㻹ʲôģƽҼŭ˵
ƽƽﶼô˵ģīƽҼ΢΢һЦǲ۸۸̫ϰˣڡòôǵģ


857 ƽҷ
ƽҼҲ֪ĵλòӲͷƤֲɱ񣺡㵽ʹ컰ҪƽңҲһ࿹
˭˵ҪƽˣīЦЦֻҪƽպܹ͵˾ͿˣҪϵĵǵġҪ˭Ա衣
ƽҼʱɵɵĿųī⣿
ƽҲȫסˣζû뵽īҪȻ˼򵥣򵥵ǸͲţ
Ǿãǲ˶Ҫһ˵ҽ첻ɱƽҼٿˣ˵ҵīЦЦΪ򣿻ǾԼӦóΪ׳
ȻǡƽҼĿɿڴĿųīǵŷңһ̡ǡǲǣ
ǲʧأīһЦŷʧжأ٣еĽ
ѵǣƽҼųī
ҵġī˵ŷҸǲһǲҵѣ˵ҵʵ֮󣬻ҪܣΪǽȡôûȫ壬ѾĴ
˵ţīһƽҼһ̡ͬҲҵġҲȥָ˵ôôҵģԴҪնɱһ󻼣ôҲô
ƽҼƿԡ
ī˵ô˵ЩеλĴվǳҲڣҪҵĳǣҪɱҵˡûɣ
ƽҼɫͨ죬ü۵ĵûȥ
һҪǽǳɹأһصǵʱ򣬻᲻ֻһƬϱڲԫ᲻ֻǸܵ޾ѪȺԹһ㣬ϵĵ𣿡īƽĻȴڳƽ˳Ĭ
֮ǰίǲûгɹĹƽǣ۽ꪳɳĻˡԳīΪǾúܷŭ
ǶѾ˵ùˣȻûûˣ
ǴûҪǵʱĹǡǵˡ
ܶȫʶĲԸȥ⣬Ͼûг档ī˵Щȫ̲ס˳˼С
Ѫħ浱µָǣ
㣬Ǹûа취ϵһ£
ʱǿѪħԳķּôΥѪħǣǾӦǣ
˵飬̫ΥͣҲ뵽ܴѪħõЩôЩҲĲʲôˣ
ʱˣûֵúþ׽һ
īֱӽ˵ϸһϵı飬Ҳȫѿ
ǡ򵥵֣ȴ԰Ƶ˿ڽ᳹ʧ䣡
ÿһˣһʻ
ǶԼԼÿ˵Ĺ£дһ£
ǿɲǼ򵥵һ䡰ǡһʴġ
ҹλأ᲻˶جΣһŵġ᲻˶޴ħ
ǿʱȻˬ죬ֻҪĺ͸ˣмܲȥɵغ
ƽҼųīޱȼѵҡҡͷϲˡ
ǲͽˣīҵûôǿôѾҷ𣬼˿ڣͻᱻ¾ûôǿôѾѪħ֮£ָ˵ôڵʵͰ
īһ£ŵ˵ǸҵĶ֣ǸͲһ㼶ϵġұǿȻо鷢չĻȨȴ˵Ӧ֡ûɹ㲻ÿЦ𣿡
ƽҼٴԵһڳϣҲȫĬ
Щĸ߲㣬Ըʽ̺̣ʵ̫Щʱֵ׳һΪǸöӣ
ȨõλΪ㹻ѹƶԷˣΪʲôҪ̣
ĵҪӵʱǱ˭
ԣָ˵ӦӦãīĿ⣬ƽȺϻ䵽ƽҼϡ
ƽҼЦŵͷӦã
˵ţϣ¶ɬ֮⣺£ȷƽҾȡˣ۵壬վסš£ƽҴˡֻǶû뵽Ȼһˡ֪
ƽҼ̾ϢһһǱ߱һȭɵƽϡ
īĵû
ƽҼ΢΢һȻųīʩһ񣺡ƽҷˣ
ԭλƽҼΪƽңЩ֡
ţһϿҵĿųīƽԸóĳ⣬ΪһƽҷµĴֲ
ƽ˵ţȻĿһ۳īȻ˵һŮ껪ɫǣ츳ˣѪ硣һΪԪӤ硭
ͣͣͣī֣ǿƽң治ˣ


858 ƽƼ
īû뵽ԼһڵЦȻƽҳ׵档
ƽҽӴ棬īһȥͿݺݺһȺƯŮӡ
ЩŮϱ죬Щǳ棬ЩһãȻЩǳߺޣЩЩڳۡ
ʲô¶أ
īһ
鷳ģѡģ
ƽҲ湻ģôͣȻţȻȻİѼвƯݸߵŮټ
Ѿ˵ˣƽҵи߲ȫһ
Ȼһ벽ƽϣŷҺһ̣ѾõĽˡ
ЩĴī϶ҪȥġΪģ壬ҲҪһγ׽Щס
ȻĻȻ
ƽƺ˳ĺܣڵˣǰһǫԲ¶ĺɱ⡣
Ϊ㹻ǿ
Ҫǻԣ֤ͷӶʣ°㣡
īǳЩĵԣҲûκεĸоóĳ⣬Ӧģ
ߵϵĴۣ
Ҫһյף㹻ǿʵΪ֧šûеĻʱ򡭡ʵʵɡ
˽Ʈ칬Щŵӣ꣬϶ͻ½зġ
ǱߣȻ˳ȻӦ壬ǳīͻŵԣֲǴǿ֮ء
ΪԼԵʣгһ뿪磬ɽ֮ийϵˣ⵽Щķˡ
Ǹʱ򣬾ôʹޣҲΪ
һΣҪЩĴɡ壬һԳѹ˲У
ҪۣҪǿ־壡Ҫһ뵽Լʹ޵ͷ
ԣŪһȺƯŮӣʵûõġ
īʩʩȻλϣƽҼͬīһԡƽҵڣѹû֡
ֶ۵ĳ棬˵ֳۿˡ
㿴ǰǸŮҵŮôƯɣƽҼҲ㹻⣬֮ǰֵѪʮ㣬һ˭ŮӾ͸˭ƴļơɵڣֵǻ
Щ޳̶ܳȣԶһܹġȷ鶼죬ı졭·ӵе츳ܡ
ī̾˿˵ƽ˵õİɣûŮ񣿺޲ܰҸˡ
ƽҼȻͿ谮Ů˿ѿɫҪɱ˵Ŀ⣬ӲװӣЦе˵ŮҪġѿ֪ʵ·֮ǰŮģ
˵ţƽҼǱǸ溬˪ŮƽƼϽ
ܶ˫۾˿ȫ䵽ŮϡĿ⸴ӣĽʣҲֻһЩȻ
ΪƽҼ谮һŮƽƼνǧ谮һƽΪСѳƽӷǳᣬ츳ߣһѪ綼ʮֺɫѪ
һ㣬ͳΪɫѪľ콾
磬ƽƼҲôĬĬţܶɽῡ壬ȫ֪ŮעѾܾˡмĹӣƴ׷
ƽƼԼݵλɽЩӵ̫ܲԶȻǶɫѪվûɳԣ̸κθϵ顣һٶûЩɽ幫׷
ƽƼȻ˵īģǽΪīŭֱ˵ǶɫѪ֮󣬸Գī˸еǳĺ档
ҲֻǺѣҪ˵ݣٵġҲôһɡ
Ͼ˶ϲǿߣȻҲ⡣
ζû뵽ԼȻһ죬ľ콾֮ϵ
ҡһޱѿķʽ
ƽƼųصĲߵīǰ˪Ȼųīϥʩһʾõļҽ
ƽƼ֮ǰһֱ˵λ˽ľ콾ôڼˣȴЩнˣ£ǸˣƽҼЦеĿƽƼ˵
īﰵ޳ܵ϶ԼŮȻɫһһ콾ѵͲİߣ
ƽƼͷҲ˵
δ𣬵δ𡭡ˮ˳вĵ̺ϡ
īʱһз·һֻ󹫼ڶ
ûôʲô˼Ҳүү˼ίίģʲô˼ǿһ
ƽҼҲգ˵㿴ƽҵĽѪšλأڻԺգδɾͲ˵Ӧö׽׽ǣ
ðɣôʹӵѱ˳ӣٲȻһзִĳģ
ī̲סһƽҼƽҿλŮƺ򣬲ϲ˽ƱҵĶŵˣȥɡ
ƽҼ¶һѿЦݣ⡭


859 īħ
ȴڰøˮòĽƻСϷŽôŮ㻳Ȼܱôߵľ衭
ţƽҼЩʧĿһԼŮĵƽƼɵѾͷҲǸΪүүѵүүոո˵Ļ
ǱߵƽƼʱҲ̧ͷСĿһԼүү
棬ʵҲڷš
ԳīȻ棬ҲЩݡ£ȻһῡཻʶΪѡָоôΪĺ֪Ҳܾ
ɫѪ
ûнˣԶףѪнζʲô
ֻǣֻǵʶаⳡΣжΣŸҪ˵һйŹֵվ͹˰ɣ
ʲô
ƽңһ˸ѹȫûκֶΣ
ֻܵͷ䣡
ƯŮټƾѡ
ڳЩŮӣƽĸ߳ȥǸ߸ϵӣ
ȫĹ
ڡôɵӻ࣡
ƽƼ棬Ҳڻүүոտʱ˵Щ
ðɣȷôһ㣬ֻҪϽ㣬ߵһŮôҲ˼Ϊƽˡ
ģȴΪ㰡
ΪүүĲϾȡ޴ļֵΪүү۾ֻ棿ðɺðɣȷôһҲΪðЩҪӳīǿȡ˶ʲô³ϵķϣһ³ĶûУ
ѪħֲֿĴﶼûܻŻŷңһ̣ź鶯ɽԵģк³𣿡
ԣҪīӲĸвͨ
ӲĲУȴǿ԰
ҪܹӮóīĻģδǰ;ЩʲôɽĹӣ
뵽үү˵Ǿ仰ƽƼУȻһ磬ֻȻʵĸо
ȷīȣЩڻԼǰͬȸʱʿǰΨΨŵŵСɽ繫ӸǣľһĴڰ
ƽƼʱ򣬸ܵүүһĨʧĿ⣬Ȼ̧ͷ溮˪˲ڻ滨ϣ¶һЦݣԲ𡭡ӣңǼ㻶ϲģ
˲䣬һأ
УֻЩƯŮӣͬкܶƽӵܣ
ƽҶĽʽõһ棬ǿΪƽӵܣҪʱԼݵλ
߹󣡡
Ӧ۸˵ˣ
ɻһ棬ͬҲҪס
ƽҲΨһǿļ塣
Ҳʱ򣡡
ڣ
ҪüɳЩ飬ͱҪǲҪǿȻ򵽣
ּͥУҪ죬һѵ顣
ΪʶĶˣȻͻȱ˸졣
ЩļӵУϲƽƼ֮ŮȻǴֻҾηԶۣȴȫκµ˼
д󲿷ˣѾûֽ׵ѪԵϵȻû˸ҳ׷ƽƼ
ֻǾãܹ޵ĻѾҸˡ
ĿеŮƽ޶˵ĻȻһˣ¶Цݣ˵Ҽܻϲ
ⲻ飬һε
Ĳп֮
վˣպյĳīֻһͨСʿôƽƼȺҲְ취Ǹʧһɶ
ȻĿĿеŮ񣬾ǵǰ
ˡû
ûһҶԳī¶ԹĿ⣡
ôǰ֮Ͱ
ƽϵڻڻԵУ
ЩѾ㹻ȺѪˣǳ侲ˡ
īƽƼ΢΢üȻ˵ڼˣȥɡ
ˣ
Уʱһ͵͵ľ
û뵽ӢޱȣԺյˣȻô䡭䣬ϸ͸ܲ
ƽƼҲסˣЩĿųīɬ˲ʣֻʣһƬãȻȻߣ
ƽҼһҪԼŮʲôԸ˽ⲻˮʵϹҲǸµСŮ
¸ϽһԲӣŮѧ㶫Σƽҷ˴ǳӣȻȫ⳥ӵʧŮȿȣĺܳݳӵģҼ޹ذҪڳһʱ䣬ӵһŮӶ˲赹ˮɺã
ƽƼἣδɵϣʱһƬ֮ͣǰȻүүҪ͸īȴû뵽үүȻҪ˵ʲôŮ
ɫѪôˣ
콾ôˣ
ƽƼˣ
ƾʲôҪŮ
ƽƼҪԷȴȻ俴үүһı飬ĿУζƽƼȻЩˣһΡƽѾΣڵϦˣ
޺ˣȴѾŷҺһ̸׵߸ˣ
ڡֵƽˣ
ľƽҵˡȴǾԿ׵Ĵŭˣƽֱ뵽ٲУ
ȻĻүүԸֱ飡
ҡҺܻź˵ġƽƼǿĵίųī˵ȴڿţȻƽҵĴȴǸħħħ
īħ


860 ˵ѡ
īһĿүѹֵգ̾һվƽɹˣ£̡סһƽٴǵߵˣǸʱұȻ顣Ȼгһ뿪磬磬ҲԻ㹻ֶΡϣǡΪ֮
ī˵ţûȥ𾪵Ŀ⣬ֱš
չسɴͨգۼ䣬ͳ뿪ƽҡ
ƽҵУȫǣЩųīˡ
ƽҳһùƽ֮⣬Ȼûκʧ
ЩƷ֮ģͱˣҲȻڣ
Ҳ˵ƽƽĶɹһ٣
⡭ô
ƽƼҲ૵ħˣ
ʲôħƽҼһ䣬ŻعζݺݵһԼŮ̾һҡҡͷĵŮԼûǸְ
ţ˵ǶˣҲˣ
УȫͷȻż
ƽҼ˵ǾͼסӵĻǸ֮ˣӽƽҾǳӵѣκ˵ԳӲ飬ҷã֮ǰѪħݣһΣѾǻĶ飬ӽƽңѪħ֮䣬κι
ƽҵһڳϣ˿Ҳȫĸоһȫпѡ
£ڸһǾӣպ㲻᳹׸ı䣬ⷽ棬Ҳܶࡣ
֮һ٣ƽҶɹȥˣ
ҲĵȴŶ˵Ľ٣ҲޱĽĵ˵
ʱƽƼȻ̧ͷүүүү뿪壬ӽ󣬿ܾҲƽҵˣҲﲻƽҰˣ
ƽҼ΢΢һˣȫɵɵĿƽƼ
һƽƼϵõĽ̲ס˵ƽƼɵ㲻Ҫȥ˼ҵʲôŮɣѾȥˣѾŹƽңŹ㣬ǧԼȥ
ǰƽƼôˣƽĹһƽҵҲ̲ס˵
ƽƼҪ뿪ƽңƽޱĹҪߣ
ˣЩƯŮӣڴ˿̣ȴ϶ųĬ˵֮ǰǵ棬˼ôڴ˿̣ƽҰȻȹεΣ֮ǵУֻʣһͷ
īĺ˧
ԵĻҲԸΪߵһŮ
ˣǳеĻ˭Ըߣ
Ժյľ콾ĶѪܡ˵ܶĴʮ
ĳɳ̣ûɳֻҪܹߣȻǰ;
ЩƽҵĹûһǱء
ϧǣīǡ˼Ҳûж࿴һۣ
֮ǰ˵ĳīɫڿֱһЦ
˼ŮӶ࣬Ǻɫô
ĺɫ㲻ǣҲƽƼҪɣ
ƽҼƽƼȻ¶ЦݣѾͷľˣ
ƽƼⳡΣȻѾȹƽҸĴۣʵ̫СˣҲġ
仰һЩӵʱһƬţ
ƽƼŵŷңٿһ̣֤īˣȻһ򣬵ҲĴ֮֮׵ķŹǣҪΪǸ֮ˣǵĳ⣬Ҳٴ˵⡭Щòϣȷˡ⻹
Ŷ˵˵ƽҼ˿̿ԼŮǱüΪ͡Щ飬ȻѾ뵽ˣû˵û뵽ǣŮȻҲͨ͸
ƽƼ˵ī˵ˡЩЩˡҲˣһеˣпǣʵһ㶼СƽظˣˣʵΪ
ƽҼ˵ͷЩˣȫ¶˼ɫҲòϣƽƼ˵е
ԣ¡ƽƼүүԣ볹һİϣǼˣܼסѵҲϣҵļ壬ƽ
˵ţƽƼչһЦʵͨˣҲûʲôأˣ߸һͬɳţ϶ڱ׵ģ
ֹڱףƽҼ̾һȻ᲻㣬ȴòϣīϹϵһĺ¡ƽҽ費ʲô⣬٣ȴܹһ֮߳Ůֵˣ
仰ôЩƽҵĵճӵȫ
߳磡
˵һңԶΣ
ƽƼ΢Цŵͷ죬һǼ壡
ʱ⴫һϵСƼͨ͸δؽǰ;˵պƽңҪշȥɣѡԼȥɡ
棡
ڣ
棡
е˶ʱһƬ
߽ˣƽҵ棬˿ȴһпûˣֻǿƽƼǵƽҵŮͺã
ƽƼ򵹣һ棺һס


861 ɽ
һɽ
仰˵ģ겻Ķ¼ҡ
޹ңƬеĴϣеֻһĴ塢ɡȻвССɡ
¼֮Ա֮Ϊԭʱǰ¼ҵ棬ȷһҡ

׵ĹΣַ£ַء
ˣǸʱ𣬶¼Ҿͱ֮Ϊ
ȻǰѾֱ
Ǹʱһҹ֮䳹ױĸ߹ٳߣսʧû֪һҹʲô顣һ粨Ҳ¼ΪΣһΡͳ׸ʧʷС
գǻͦˡ
ֻǴָֻ˼塣ÿһεĶ¼ҼȻĳƺš
һε¼Զ¼˵ҲһСΣ
ǵģ³īѾˣŷҡһ̺ƽҵǰ֮Ѿڶ¼˵УīȻ̸ʲôĴв
ǰǳ粨û˶¼ҵԪһīΣ
ԣŻж¼ҵˣޱǿƵķŻ˵īɽĻһʲô˵ĵ
˿̣īˣ
һˣһѵӶ¼Уֱɱ˳
һ·Ѫ
һ·īնɱĶ¼Ҹ֣ϰˣ
һȫӵԪӤ۷ʵ
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ȴǳīһ֮С
˿̣īѾֱɱ˶ɽ£
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˵·ƣ˵˵ıʾҵأأ
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863 Ķɽ
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սڶɽҲԿǰé˿̣һ˫ۣо˸ڻУ˺ܶĴ壬ȴȻң統СЩ壬޵ֱȴȻް취
Ҫһɽ˿Ŷ¶Ȼ֮ɫ˼ƺҪīЭ
˵Ҫô죿ˣˣһҲѾսˡԪӤըʮ߸ԪӤ۷ĺ֡һ·ϣīõ·ѪءǶɽսȻС˭˵Ķ֣
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864 Ķɽ
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ɶɽߵ׹ƽҵֻΪīãΪƽǸ֮ŮƽƼһѣ
īΪƽҶŹļ壡
ɽߣڸոճ֮ǰѾĴ㣬ԣ鴫ʯϵ˾ɵŶʤӼҵļԼҵļԵ
Ȼ󣬷ڶɽⳡѪԵɱ¾ǱȫڶС
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866 
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ƽҼĵŷң˽ˡǾʧǵĵ̡ʵȻǿһֻ̣˵ʧһ֣Ѫŵ䣬Ǻۣû˽ǵĳ̶ȣڶɽǵȷʧصġҿȻǿĵ̣ЩĴ塢ɣʷоķ̫ˡµĺֺ׼ҲȫǳơܽǳġǴ֮չȫս֡ڣЩԹӣȷǿ־嵽˼¡ԣǽܶɽ𡣵ֻҪһ죬Ǿ;ǹӡ
ƽҼ˵ţ΢΢һЦⳡսô


872 ֮ս
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ƽҼ˵һ»ֵսˣ
īעԶսһŵķ䣬ӸȥƬնһƬ죬ȥһŻȼա
ʵȴʿѪȾƬ졣
ʿ֮սǲпޱȵġпܻ䡣һгġʧܵһʧȥܶԴҲпܴӴһ겻ΪƽҼЩп˵ݹʷ֣ᷢսʵкܶࡣҲ̫ԻͶʢĴճʧ硣˵֮ǰ̽Ǵż
ôīʵ
ƽҼͷǰǿɣû֮һǻԻ͵ʱЩɡȫǵĹ֣ȫûκ֮档ǿʱ򣬰벽ʿǧˣԪӤڵʿǲһҲûˡѾ磬ΪĴ֮һ飬ͬҲֻһ̾ϢȴΪʢ˥һħ䣬ģ޷Ǿ˥Ḷܹ́΢һ㡣ƣȴûӵù
īͷа⻰Ȼǳ˵ģδһ־ѡһֱһԸƮ칬ΪƬǿ֮¡ǿɣû֮һֹɣȻĳΪɣڽһ죬Ҳ˥䡣ҲһΡ
ţīаЦԼ̫ˣҲ˵ж︣بŲĵֻ˵һ㡭ڵƮ칬ֻ˽ǿɣ硭ûأ
Ҫʢ˥ȵǰᣬʢȻĻ̸ʲôʢ˥أ
һ룬īһЩģʱȻʼⳡʵս
ƽҼ۾΢΢У۽ɨī˿ϵı飬ҲЩпһˣļᶨޱȡʲô˶Ķҡġ֮ǰƶĲԣǲܸı䡣Ҫ
ո˵Ƿʵ̽ī˼뿴˵жҰģ飡
һǿ󣬸һȺǿȫ¡
ֻгīһǿôһǻᱻƣīЩͽͽпߵȺˣ¶Ҫꡣ
Щ̾Ķǳصġ֮ǽĳȻһỺôֿ̹ĵĳޣЩ֮ĴԽǽзı
Ǹʱ򣬳īѾɽˣ֪Σѵٻص粻ɣ
н뿪˾뿪ˡҪǧѣҪͬҲǧѡ
ԣǳīֻһǿ󡱵ˣôƽҲֻύһˣ뿪֮󣬾ͻϵ
ī֡ǿ󡱾͹˵ˣбȫǿĻôǾͽΪһɲɺӵ
ܴķȥǣƽҶбҪ֮ύǽ֣
γͬ˹ϵ
ƽҼЩ飬ī֪֪Ҳ⡣˿עѾȫԶսˡ
⻹ǳīһԹߵĽǶȣۿһҵս
ʿѤޱȣѪɫУȥ쳣
һֱīյĹĻӰ粽ȭڤ˵ǧЩڹеõĴ𴫳С֣ЩʿǵĹűʵ
ЩĹ߼̫ˣ
ڳīûۿЩʿսʱʩչĹ
һȥԷѾˡαʲô
Σī۲֮һĲõĹֻܵʿ
Щ֮ǰȫ۵ʿʵĵطɵ˺Ȼ٣
ܳī˾ȥѧЩȴףԼ֮һֱΪսĳԽԷΪս̫ǿûԷκλĿ϶
һ죬ǿĶ֣ôΣЩ˵
ҲҪһԼ̬ˡ
ĴʤóīıޱȳͬʱҲٲһ˿Ľֽǿ޵еûκιϵζԴԴζŷɡ
ɡͻõлɳˣ
ģ
һԵƽҼһֱڰ͵͵۲ųīı飬ڳī̬仯ܿһЩ
ȻȻƽȴѾκˡ
һǿˣѾ㵽ֵز˵磬ɽ磬Ҳһ֣
Ȼǿ˹֮Ȼѧϰʱ̾Լ
ˡµһ˰
ƽҼһ̣ͻȻޱȵԼ֮ǰѡ񡣿ŻսķŽ¶ɽĶϱڲԫипʱߴһ쵹ùҲƽһݣ
ǱߵսȻڼݱ
ͬʱУŰ֮ϡȴַ졣


873 һսǣ
ʲôࣿҪǳīһ˴ս綥徫ӢţڷЩʲô
ˣڿЦ𣿲˵ҪΧīôԼ˴ˣ
ʲôΪһͻȻ룬һֱӷˮȻһƲáҲֱӽնߵѣƲնԼѵļ壬Ȼĳߣҷˡ˭Ⱦң⾿һ£Ϊʲôôң
ӣһ̫ҲôɣҪǳ壬Ͳ˵Щˡ
үʲôʲô¶б´һԵѪɫѪʲôѪǿ˵
ҳ˭ҵ׷ʲôǸīǳʲôˣ
ԭɳӢţҪīһսľӢŷڧһľӢս³īֻվһ߿֡ⶼʲô
ŰϣⳡսϢֱ棡
һʱϢȫڸȥ硢ɽ硢Уܹ뵽ʿȫĿ⼯еⳡս
˵ʷĵһΣ
ܶʿȴζӳ£֪ʲôζ
ΪǳīĻϢͲôɽʿĹעǲ뿴Ǹ˵бӻŵıְˡ
νսɽʿУСӹҼҲû̫
һɽĴʿǽٵսȥһ˾׾ٵѹʿս
ԣսʵЩ˵ȤֻⳡսϷ̫Щȫֵֿĸо
꿴Ű壬ϵıҲǿЦãôû뵽ⳡһ˶սȻݱ䵽ֽ֡
ͻȻ䷴ˮˣӼҲͻȻ䷴ˮˣƽҲվڳīһ߲˽ȥµ˳īʲô鶼ûУǿ֣
ǾȻóīд֮ȼ»֣Ҳɶģ׾ͲµЩ˼кɫâȻվһһɫ磬ʧС
Դں˺ڰʥ֮һһĸһصĸо˶ʮֳ׵ı仯ȻòһǾЩٿҲỳǰ˵׻ǲǵĹ
Щ˵⣬ֻһֱԼǿĲ䡣·ϵһЩ仯ǲܿƵġ
ֻ֪Դѡڻ֮ʵٶȣһǧ
ͬʱЩŰһͷעųī̬ˣ˿ģҲ˶
˵ϹټҡҺҵЩˣһȫĪĸо
ģСôôãЩ˶ǰ׳ǾͲȰѳīɵȻڶ𣿡
˷ѻᰡôõĻ᣿ֱôʿһϣһһҲԽīˡһһĭҲܰȻ໥ˣһȺ׳գˣ
ЩСط˾ûмʶһġֻܿǰһ棬֪
עµˣī֮䲢ûʲôԹǿĽǶȣҲȫͬ
ˣԺпܳɳΪһ뢣Щ콾һ
Щ콾綼мڽľţ
Щ˲ţҲϲ˰ŵŰҵͷϣΪҲǡšûôֵǮʲô˶ʸƺģ
Ҿóīһţһ콾϶лЩһ£ϣܰЩһȫɷ
Ҳôģһ˽߳꣬ȫɷҿЩԺŲˣý綪мΪ顭ξʹӻ߳һרǵˣ
īһֱڹ۲ʿ֮սԲûע⵽ŰѾ̶ֳֵˡȻҲû뵽ⳡشսȻŰֱͬս
ƽҼ֪£ǳй۲ⳡսˣʵǳ֮࣡
ҲֻôĴǲٻʮң
ЩˣҲѾɳڰ۲ˡ
ǱߵսϣԭѾ·ĺң˿̾Ȼڿ֧š
ΪӼҺƽҵˣʼĽصŵ˾ϣ
ܷŹֻ᣿ֱںԵָ֮£ƴžɷ˹
ɵŶʤ۴Уȴ޿κΣҲ֪ԼһΪ¼ߣȴ󵹸ΪȷЩƷҲû취
ĸһô󣬱Ȼһܾ˵ս
ҡǵɱûвսǰ£


874 ڿձ
һīƱȻᷢ޴ı仯
ʱҺ;ɵЩˣȫý
Ĳִþ˶ܵشԣںԵǰ棬󵹸꣬ԺҸһ
ɺ޵ǣӼҺƽѸٵʶļƻҽìͷֱָɡ
һµãԭһľ棬ӲǱϳ˶ԶӼҺƽҵѾôԺʿˡٴγһľ档
ֻǾɴ֮ǰĴߣ˱ģ
ֱ̫ùˣ
ȺϺ꣡
Ͳһ΢һ
ⳡսһֱڣʿҲѾľͷҲԽԽࡣ
˫Щʿ˿̸ͬڻһ㣬׷䡣
īҲЩˣЩ壬ȫ̥ɳЩʿʮа˾ţȫЩڼҲûʲôݵλˡ
žЩĵģ
ΪһΣǹǵʱ˵ɳҲ붼ԪӤĸ֡һΡЩʱǵʱҪһƯĴʤ̣
ҪѪħ濴ģ
һΡȴȫͬ
뵽⣬һɺӳīЩҲ鰡
ʿ̫࣬Դľͳһ޴⣬ЩˣǼԴֱֲɱȥôô죿
ַֻʽģ
īһĸ壬ƽڣȫˣ
ʲôЩڵʿصĸأī΢΢۾ͷƽҼһ䣺Щսõĸ𣿡
ƽҼһ۳ī΢΢һ漴ͷ˵սǵŮõԴǵļˣҲĺܺá
īͷа̾ʵǲãﶼᱻӣԽУԽпܱڻңɭϵĵȼƶȣݲаĻᡣ
ƽҼʱڳīԣ̾Ϣһ䣺̫󡭡Ҳ֪׹󰡣
Ǿôī˵һ䡣
ƽҼЦӴǾļ壬ʵҲѾ꣬һ֧ճѪǴģʣЩѾûѪͨ˵Ҳжĸоǻʵɳӹ۹ʵûʲôϵ𡣡
īԣҲֻĬȻ
ʱǱսеĺҼԵͻȻңƽҼңôԹĹϼ壬ѵľҪƴһҺȻдĵ̣ҪƴҲδռٱˣ
ƽҼüһվڳī߿˵
һ˾һͷ˾ɣƽģҸӼΣԵûκΣ졣
ǱߵĶʤŭպģǲǾþ׸
Ե˵ǲҲֻ֪֪Ҫ̵Ǿɣѣ˵ţӼǱߣң˵仰
ǱߴһЩû
ƽҼڵǷˡ
Ե˵ƽѣ˲̫̰ĳɻ̰ã
ǱҲ˵ƽĳɣӦÿˣ
ûƽõ٣Ǿá֣ƽõ̫ˡ˵̰ãƽûôõθڡƽҼ˵
ţԵһ
ǱߵҲ̲סʵʲô˼
ҵ˼ǣǶһˣƽҼЦеĿһߵĳīǰѳīѸˣе㲻ðɣ
Ե˶ʱûйƽҼֻаôɱˣ
˵ô֣ԵʮĬѡ˽īڣֻһˣɾһˣʱЩ飬ļԺ䶯硣
һˡԳһϵ
ûܹϡ
ƽҼЦīҶǴӦھʹѶ壬ɴɣ
ǱߵĶʤŭƽҲڣ
Ե̵ʱ䣬˾
ҺҴӦˣ
Ӽͬ⣡
ţͬķˡֻɣǣ
ƽҼҲֻɱɵˣ𡭡ѹϵ
Ⱥ˾͵ʿ棬̸һ׮סѳīǽһĿɿڴ
ôû뵽һˣȻ֮䡭ױˣ
ʱ򣬳īЩƽҼ֮ǰǾ仰ܶôԻͶʢҲûһ죬ʢ˥ǲתıȻ̣
ڽ֮ǰɻһĴɣţҲǣ
֣ò˶ãͻĳΪʷ̸Ҳֻ䣬˵ǸɰǿšȻ󡭡ȻͲȻˣ
Ƕǽģò˼֣꣬ͻûʷӵС
ʤڿһСûκô
ºҲֻһ仰ڿձ񣡡


875 ľʣ
ⳡǣ硢ɽ繲ͬעսһǰ˭ûϵķʽĻ
Ӧⳡսгǵĳīͷβûгֻ֣ǿһʷ׳ʵĴϷϷԶϷ԰κι¶ʣ
ַתѡۡ棬ϸ֮סгϡ
ֱīһޱȵΣ
գⳡսǣͷߡţ벽񾳽ĴܶʤһȺӲΧľʿҲȫնɱڶɽ
֮սīŸоһֱԼΪĴˮ峺͸ĺܡ
Ϊڽأ̸壬ڼЩţ˲ңҲˡЩ겻Ĵ塢ȴûЩ
ǵףʵֻ֡棡
īףԭǡͳŰ塱Ǹˡ
ʤǰôʯͨ˾ɣԼ´˱ɱҪɵӣݣ
ΪţĻǾȨķּĸкܶࡣҲܹ뵽еĵӣµǰĺܡˣڶʤıɱ·֮ɣֱ궯
һȫԤսչ
˼ǣƽ޹ʹϷ˾ʲĳīȴǱʤѡ
֪ͨе¶Լ𹥻ʱȫ˳ī˽ǡû˻Ϊ˳īֻ˵һ̣ӼҡҺƽҵĺ⣬Ѿȫ˶Գīĺ⡣
Ű֮ϣЩɽʿֽȫʾ
ΪǵߣҲٻ˾ʵϷ롣
ī˰
ɽ磬һҪʶʶ
Ǻǡɽ֮󣬾δôˣ
˵еľŰϣɽ
ϲ飬Ƕɱţµš
ŰϣָУҪʶīģҲҪѹġ׷ңīҲûйע
ӼҺͺԼƽҼƺԽԾɵսɵķˡȫûκѹ̸Ц׼ƲˣϱڲԫĶɽۣ֮īһ١
ѻ᲻̫ĺˣӼҼЦеĿųīʵ
ӦǷ޳ɣҼԵһƣȻ󽫾Ʊ£ųī˵
īЦЦһɣֻ˵ҿܻЩӦ
ǰн磡ƽҼһ΢Ц˵ʲô鶼пܷЩҲǶˡһ󣬾пڶʱڷֱٲԣǵÿһʵҪ֮ʲôЩõĶȻȴûа취ȥϸء
ΪǵһһУһһ˥ڸ˵衭ʵô¡ԵָһȻ̾Ϣûλ֮ǰҲһѪĴ갡
ȴһĺ޳ϺˣЦŴȤȫ֮ǰ׵˺Ƥֵļ
ϺꣿۣԵٴνоһ˵ӣʮָɴࣺҪģúҵĻԻܹȥгһʢ˥ˣҲҵϣʲô취ֻҪܹ֤ҵļ岻˥䡣ôҾӢۣôңҪ𣿡
ƽҼͷһп֮ɫԺԵĻǳͬ
һԵҲǲϵͷȻųīѿ֪ҸƽҼõֵܣҸԵ֮䡭ҲʶѡʵʱҲǴţ˸顭ԶҪڼĺ棡
īЩãſЦҲԼѡ
ԵҡҡͷЩĿųī˵ÿ˶ԼΪ˴֮һ䣬Բѣȴǣ١ȫšһˣôӦ÷ΪһΪһߣôͲˡģԶһ棡ȻԵǲǸλã
ƽҼͷԣҪôԶҲΪѡ
˵ԣϵЩʱ򷴶⡣ѣҲͻˡ
ƽҼ˵ʵǸʤĹϵҲ԰ɣ
ĬĬͷ
īĿɿڴֻվóϷĳ˹ֵСӽܽˣ
ڵ㣬Щָоһ׵ġעߵĺܸߣҲŰһֱעϢƽҼųī񣬶Щп
Ѿ߱еڷɼϼһϣǸһѡԺɽҲãҲգԽǴĸ߲㣬ԽţǹĵģԶԼҵ档Ե˵
ųīȴһֱЩһ·ȥΪһӬӪĻšʵδעȫͬ
ƽҼͷбľʣ


876 ʱɽ
ƽҡӼҡļīֱʱҲȫû𹥴ɵ飬ҲûīɾԴ¡īҲûжʣΪڷֱ֮ǰƽҼĳ˵һ仰
ֶڴ˵ҲǿпޣҪʲôʲô¶ȫûеĻ϶ǲеġʱͼѵ棬ҪеġһЩǰҲһصġΪⶫȻҪǼ塭Ҫģ
ԣһڽڱĳ𣿡ʱīһ䡣
һģǱаġƽҼ˵
ȻīƽҼҺͺԵ뿪˶ɽһˣʼǵķɻȥ
ųīʧķУȫп
Щ˵˵˲ã֮ǰûʹõĶġ
Ե˵ã
ƽҼ΢΢һЦϻƣҪãҲͻ֣ᷢѡȷģ
ЦЦϣ˰ɣ߰ɣҲÿʼƶһļƻˣ
Եһ˷ܵ˵ѾЩȲˣһɰӦжԴ˸о˷ܣ˵Ҫлīѣôֻܻ᣿
˵Ĳ˵ϣȫ¶ΪȻ顣
Щ֮īٲˣҲȥ롣
ⲢҪýǣƮ칬Ҳ
ص֮󣬳īټˣľԭԭĸҽһ顣
֮ǰȻѾŰϵõ˺ȫϢվī˵ס
ī˵ĹУѾ֪˽Ҳ̲סһꡣȻЩ޷ЩĴ֮䣬Ȼ־ʵϷ롣
Ϸȫݼ
ȺУһƯŮڽ䣬СĿųī
īһ̧ͷŮ˵ͷлл֮ǰά顭Ҳ
õġŮƽҵŮƽƼɫߺ˵ֻҾӦѡ
֮ǰжԼǳĵġԼĵ϶ǶΪ֮𶯣
ⲻǲʵʵŮΣһŮԼǿĵ
Ͼ֮ǰڽǵǳսʵģҲֻˣФУ飬һһֻ
ˣûⳡսκ֡
ҲƽƼ棬ʶġЩǵЩŮӡ
ǣŮ֮ƽƼԼжסЩŮӵľƺȫûߣһϵԸ
ʫͶŮӣַ·ĸ߹ƽƼһӾϳŮӵݡ
Ĺ
ƽƼڻУҲûĹ֮ȣƺʫͶǰȫ硣
̫꣬гޱȸ߹Ůӣ
ȻƋOϣҲһͬ߹ޱȡ
ѩᡢһºͣСѾ龫֣ǵϣҲȫһʮ
ƽƼûϼġЩ벻ͨ⼸˽Ůӣôģ
ѵֻΪǳīߵˣǳīѣ
ҪŬ뵽ȦӵƽƼһүү˵ѡ
ī󣬶˵ʵ롭Ƕűϵ𡣵ȻҲٹǧ꣬Ʈ칬ҲøЩһʱĲЩˣܿƵˡ
һ̾ϢκһɣСʱͨЩաΨеǿ֮󣬲Ż顣Ʈ칬ʵҲˡҲһֵɣܶʼ˥档
ȫ˼
ãһ˵ҿǶ̫ˣڵӣǻû£ﵣʮ˱ԺĺĲ򵥵ĺܣҪɣԶ֣˲ףôԶҪʮ˱ԺĺΡ
ȫ̲סЦӸֻɲסóĴţҲǱŪЩ
ʱ򣬴󹫼λεĴ߽ȻǸ̵ıŰֲīǷЦ¸£Сӣʲôʱɽ磿
ƽƼ֮⣬⻰ȫЩ㱣Ȼ˽ĸо
ŷꣿѾʼҪ׼ɽ
Щ˽ǣûһɹأЩ˽ĺǣȫģҪ׷ʦĲҪ̫Զ
ֻٿǵǸԣҲֻܳΪһõԸˡ
īһ۴󹫼ëû
󹫼ʱųīܱë𣿡


877 Ϊ
󣬽һƬæµΪдԴʼ͵
ɣ֣Ѿ׵Ĵʵϣⳡ졢ɡսĺֻµʱ䡣ɾѾ׷ֱˡ
ʣĸµʱ䣬Ծɵĸʲ̵㡣
Ȼ󣬿ʼԴԴϵ͹
īߣڽӵƽҼĴѶ֮󣬵һʱʾҪɵκε̺Щʲ
ˣܰᶯԴԭⲻ͵˽ǣ
Ҫīݣڣȴ൱Ư
СĽǣװôԴ˵ĲֿˡѾˡ
Ʈ칬飬ҲӦճˡһҵոճصĳī
󣬳īڽǧ˰һƬȺɽѡ˽Ʈ칬ĵַ
һѩƋOСѾʫƽƼ½ҽЩݵŮӣȫڳīߡطȥŮ̲סЩü
Ϊǿطʵûʲô֮㲻ϳ㣬ɽҲ㲻㣬Ψһ󽭣ɽбڶѵõľˡʲôأ
գǷյīߣСʵʦͽо仰˵
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ȻīûɫĶ˵ԳīľηȴվǶԳī˽ԽԽ־ηǿҡ
㵽˵ʲôлֱ˵īŷɻûأô֪Ͳ
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Ľʵ̫Ѹˣ
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˵ţīȻ˼˵Ψͨܽط
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878 սԶ
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ŮȫһȵĿųī֪Ҫʲô
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ʫЦǲѾƮ칬һԱ𣿡
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СӣүҪú˵˵£ƾʲôƾʲôүҪ㵱ʲôޣүʲô󹫼ԶԶǱģһⷬ
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879 
һ죬ĴӡȻ˶֪īƮ칬ţеȫǳųīģ
ī˵Ǿ仰һͬң
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ڸܵƮɽǿ󵽽ֲ֮ȫипʱʹһĩɳɳΪȻǰƮ칬һ궼ҪͿԳɳΪһľ뢣
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887 
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ʱֻ峤ǧɵǿž޴ޱȵͷ­ѾյīǰԴմҺȥʮֶģҲǳֲ

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ֻǶʱһ㣬Ǿ޴һڵϣȻƬҳһֳǧɵĴ󹵡̳
īʱһⶫԼǼ˼ζʱˡ۸Ҳ۸̫˰ɣ
ʵⶫǴ󲹣ܺóԵġ˵
Ż԰ɡīʱеθһڣ̲ס󷭰ۡ
ЦܳΪ㣿ˣԾͲԣһ·ɡϾɽ磬ĵһ顣
īŷڵɪɪǣ̾Ϣһͷ߰ɡ
󣬻˻УīԶ
ʱ޴ǲͻȻһ㣬һͷĴУܿͲӰ
ֻһСԳī˵ȴһѡѾˡ
ɽŴ飬ʲôһڵСӰˣʵϣոһڵǣôҡҲδܽѹ˵ϾǱڻеģĶ̰塣ңԷǷܣôֻҪֳһԪ񣬶㷢𹥻ҽû취֤İȫ
˵ī̾
˵һֱҴϣ࡭Ҳֻܰһ´ڵˡ˵ʵֻҪԪӤ뵽֮飬δؾûһս֮
˼ƺҪҸϽ͵һȫĵطŰģīЦʵ
ǰСߣʵ̫Σˣ̹ȻĻش֪ոֻΪʲô׷ʵ־ʿһ˵Ȥ
ΪʲôīҲе֡
ΪʡѪ̾Ϣ˵Ȼܾ׼жϳʺѪ֪ʺѪκн˵޷ܵջ󣡡
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һġī̲ס󷭰ۣʱ򣬻ûķ
Ҫĵһ飬ǳһڣϽҸȫĵطԪӤ񣡡ʮĽ顣
֪īļƻȴֱĸо˳īƺûмȥԪӤһЩҴҵҪȥһµӡ
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󣬳īֱһĵطȻ󽫻Լߣֽ߱ȡһԡ
ԴˣҲûκī㾯ûеĻҪЩƲīˡ
һ㾯ĶûУôģ
󣬳īʼķ
һΣУķĵʼ
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ʵ񾳽磬һˡһΪڶԪľһľٶˡ
Ϊκ飬ֻһΡ˾ˡɢ鳾תֻѭ
ԪӤڣʵѾ֮·Ŀʼ
ʿڣһؾɵСˣС˱֮ΪԪӤʿһԪӤϡʿԪӤȻ֮Ȼлٴ
͵Ƕһ
ԱܿһΣ
ֻ֮·Ŀʼͨ˵ͬʿУԪӤǺܴġȻԪӤԽʿǺаտԽԷѹġͬԪӤʿϾ·һ
ԣ⻹졣
񾳽磬ڶԪڶԪ񣬲Ĳ
Ϊ뱾𣬻⣡
һͷͳ֮ĵط
ԪԪ񡭡Ѿͨ
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죡
䣬ôڶԪԴ汾䡣ʵûκ
ֻһ㣬ڶԪУԶҲٴһԪӤûԪӤû취ԪӤһֻҪڶԪȻˡȻһ·ͻơ
гһգĳɾλôתԼٴڶԪҲʲô¡Ǹ磬ԻǧûеڶԪҲûôҪˡ
ҵڶԪܹȥ߾ģûй
ǵڶԪ䣬ôҲһܵҵشͬûа취ԪӤ
Ҳ˵κεһʿһֻһԪӤҲֻһԪӤĻᡣ
Щ䣬ԪӤѵʿгһԪӤܹҲԶһԪӤĻˡ
ԣЩĴʿУԪӤڵʿڵʿȫһʱ䡣
˴ڣֻҪҵʺϵĵڶͨ˵ıϡ
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Ծʿ˵ҲǻŰˡΪʧȥ˷Ƿʧȥ˱𣬵ͬʧȥһľѪּ̫ܼ֮·ȥˡ
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ڵĴֱܱӴ˵ڶ˶ʱһ겻񣬴Ӵ˺κͻƵϣȻʧǵҰС
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ΪһʿҪôţҪôԪľգͨʲôĶ
ʿǶὫеĴеķ뵽ԼķĹȥһ
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˵ԭģʱУͻȻ俪ʼһȽȽĸ
Ѿܹʼȥץסеһ˿һȥָ򣬿Ҫȹȥǿ̫౶
ˣīУǾϲ
һֱڵ̨֮ϵԪӤ䶼ᶯһµԪӤųīеһע뵽ԪӤСԪӤʼſ˫ۡ
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һԵĻУЩ𺳵ˣϢСӣȻ죬ŶĹ򡭡ѾʼԪӤˣҿӣôôĵأ
ԪӤҲΧö֣ġǵ
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ʿȫΪȴɼһֻʽ
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ųīķеĵؾʼ˷۹ųīĵзӵ롣
Ȼǧ˿ƵĴ򣬿ʼɫ̨֮ϵԪӤ
ܿģԪӤͿˡɫ̨֮ϣǳ˲ϼ롣
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ȻţʱҲ̲ססСΪī
һԵ߱죬ǰȥһѰĵֻǿܷѡ
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΢һ㣬ʮܡ
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Ϊʿ֮ǰڽ֮أڶԵһ£
ԴӳīһܵӰ֮󣬶Ȼŭģ·ɢȥĴѰңһпԼ󣬾ڵһʱ䱨
ѰҵķΧǷԲǧ֮ڣ
ʵѾ൱ڴˡһ£ȻҪץסǸǣˣ飬ҪˡǶԼֺ
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뵽ɽ紴ĶɽҲмʱˣȽܶء
Ȼɽ磬ȴʲôӵܣļһС嶼㲻ϣܶûһʿһֻһԪӤڡ
ûô򵥣һ·ҪĴԴЩԴҲûô׻áȻɽ磬Ҳÿ˶߾ġ
СĿܹ꣬ԽԼڣΪһڵʿ
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С츳ڣЩͬȣԵͨĺܡ漸ľҲƣŽʿ
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ʱĶѾɽЩͷˣƾһӲʵͼͲε˶ɽСɡҲѾСɣдԼǧĵӡ
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˺ܶ𵤻ԪӤ֮ӵ˺ܳԪͿʼҪȥˡ
һ㣬ʵźܴĲͬʿͨ˵ҪɽʿŬ
ΪǶҪͷձݣ߲εȥ
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ͺܿ˼룬ˣŬڷ֮ܵ󣬾ͽΪ˶ɽĵӡصһ¡
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ΪԭԶĸǳԶɽҲĹ
һγһѰҳīټӦҲһ
ֻµĺۼŵòͬʱҲо⸽Ӧ˾
ȻҲûΪԼһҵīٿԼġ
зеȻоǧ֮ĵطһĲ
ףֲôеǣ΢΢һݣΪȻоɲԪӤʱǹɲ
ֻɲǸǿһЩ·ؼ䣬һĵϡ
ӾˣѾڣԪӤ̵˽⣬ʱԪӤʱǾԪӤ̤ʱͨҲһ֡
ȴ֪ԪӤк֣ܶ˾֮⣬л񡢻Ѫ񡭡ģȴǴ
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ֻֻͨڴ˵С
ԪӤѾʼ̤֮·Ҳ˵ʱѾԸˣ
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пתķ
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۾ȻǸһҲ̲ס
ʶģץϵĴʯһֽ̣ʯ˻ȥ
ԥţٴó
ʮΡգǽʯ˻ȥ
ҲСֱ죬ʵûʲô顣ɽĶɽֻɽĲ׺һڰˣûиߵʸ
ƽҲ͵ĺܣϸֹµǡ
ⲻ磬ɽҲǸȻ
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ҲϵԥţţҪҪȥһ̽
硭ǸôϣҪһľķţȻҲüܹõķһߵĸߣ
˵ţְοԼ˵ǸˡǳīأȻĻôѡֵطԪӤҪܻܽȥʦҲһܸ˵ģ
˵ţ¶֮ɫǱߣһȥ
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ǧľ룬ڵʿУգ֮飬ԣ䣬㵽طǰƬɽ¡ĿɽϵĳͿճһĶѨ
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˽Ըĸоǹǿҵĵ򲨶
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Ȼ侯ѹܽȻĻ͵Լĵ
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һǿϢ˲䱬
΢΢һݣȻˣȻۿ̲һⷨ󣿡
ʿչأڱչ֮·Ѱǿ߻ͨҲҪ·ػǰȴûмġֱӲﴳĻʮа˾Żˡ
ַӦò־ʿܹóİĪ棿ѾǵǸûʶСˣüͷ̲סЩţȻ˵ʲôڴ˱չأɽ;˴ǰݷá
⻰ǱһʿҪЦɻ¾ͱԥȻԱţⲻɵô
ȴΪԷֹһЩᣬʾûʲô⡣
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澲ĵģϢûκλӦ
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ɽĳīҲòᣬǷֲµġ̸϶߼һڵʿϵĺ϶ܳ׺俪
һԽīŵҿīлڣɢϢȻĻԼ϶ˡ
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ī֮ٴν뵽չصУʱҲѾԪӤβڡ
ոһɤӣĲóīˡΪǻԪӤؼʱڣ
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󣬵īԪӤ֮ڳһ˫ۡǰлˣ
Ҳǳһ˵û˾ͺãҿһɵСӣȻĻڣҲҪˡ֮ǰ˭뵽СһԪӤҲŪֶ񡭡Ǹ
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ڳīǸɽȻߣѱ¸߸ͬšīʱҲڽ֮ȺˣӦþɽĶɽˡ
ȻûûˣҲһͷˣ
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Ҫȥšī˵
ţȥֵطʲôг𾪣ƺһ˿־壺У㲻ȥǣ


891 ڷŵĴ˵
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˵ĵطǵĹžرǿ֪ԽǿʿɢѹԽ¡˵ҵʱ磬ɢϢһЩͽʿֱӻ
šīͷȷܿ¡ҲǸ߼ʿ֮ǶԴ̫ˣ׵ĹؼķԵͽʿѹϢйöԷֲһ֡
ŵľģͬһڵķʿֳһ߼ľģгֱӶȻһڵʿµĵкܶͬ壬Ȼˣ˷ŵĻޡ
ţȻī΢΢һ˼ǣͨ飬ͿԽֱΪǵĵӣ
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ǵĴأѵҲҪǿȰʦ˭ܹǵʦīʵ
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·ϵˣмģ
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ȴͨģ˲˼Ȼ׶Ȼ
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ѵûܹƺ𣿡īʵΪȻɱ˲ˣȴҲЩǿѰϾ϶˶ĸԸȻģÿ˶Լ˼άԼ뷨
ܹƺǵˡҲûСǶϹʱһЩ˵ˡǸʱҲԻ͵ʱ򡣼Ƭǿ£ûܹĴڡҲٵÿһǿޱȡ˵Ϲֳ硢ɽ硢˽ĸ磬ɽ³ǵ˾ûйȥǰǿʢˡԭķŵӣҲʧӰҪôǳ˷ţԳһϵҪôֱӹˡҸطһС
ƺԷŷǳ˽⣬˵ϲ˵ҵϣˮһУһ棬ŶȻϹ֮λ뿪˷šЩ飬ġ
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׼˵ǿǿ󣿡У̾ߣǶΪ


892 û
ԣ㻹ҪȥǸط𣿡ĵȰЩˣڷҲпܱȻԸˣȫΪŵӣ
⡭ȻǲԸġī˵ԼѡţȻûжǱӲȻġǿ϶ǲУ
ǲˣҸ㣬֮ҲҪ˵ʲôȻͻԸšǷĵط˵ǿȣ˼ûǿȰǸѣԼҪġСӣͳĵ˵ˣԷŵľᷢġԣŵˣκ˵Ǳǿȵģ
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㻹ҪƮ칬ĻءīЦ
̵ģСӸӣ̲סһ䡣
İɣһһ֮أȻѹסΣīջʱǶ֮ҾｨƮ칬ֻҪػһʱ伴ɡֻҪ뿪ɽ죬ҿ϶㣡
ðɣҲӦҲôɣǰɣЩƵĹһ䡣
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ˣϽҵطɣ֪Сֹţϣνţܶѧϰһ˼ҵĴȱģЩǰ
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˵طƮ칬һһŵĿųīоǻɡ
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СӡһһԾĿųī㵽ѧЩ£ôҵĸоЩӦѰУ
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κһܹ浽Ķһ㰡
ǵǣ˭ҸڤŽ
ǺǡҲǡ
Աߵһżŵ۵ʿȥʮҡ϶µĲɣ֮ɫһҲرߡǿһոսڡ
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Сƹ棬һҲͼʮˣһ룬ȫЩ궯


894 һȺ׳
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ڵʿȻѾ˹άʱһЩǺ죬ͶԪӤʿһѣҪǿԵĻʹһ𷢲ƣ
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ãѾܺˣллֵܣͷһȾƣԪӤʿ˴ʯȻֿʼ
ڣöʮһʾҪȥ̽żġ
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ԪӤʿЦģҲҴӦҵģɣΡҾͲȥˡ˵С
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Сӣûҵ˼ʿһ۳īҵ˼ǣڤŽ̼ȻܿʵɽվȽŸǻһϹż޲ߣϹżаž޴գǲԼˣַӡʲôֻжʮƨ˶˵Ļÿƣһμʮúãȿ̽ã׼ܡһˣһɽѽȱģȺײĿɢඡ
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ȻƫһЩ򣬵ܵ˵ٶȲ벻ȺҲѾˡ
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㻹ûǰɣīŭ⡣
Ȼתܡ
ܻզģ͵ĴһͲǶ֣ܴùҲȥ
ܴЫϻòټƷĲϣ˵ʵЩϣīĲ̫ܿۡɽԴֻΪ˿̲ϴĲԽԽǿˣ
ֱֲǳīûоģ
ҵ߱һصʱҲû궯
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궯·һ˵Ӥ۴ޣȻᷢκīȴҲЩ겻޲ܸһҵò˱ֵĶ
׼ֱ֮ʩչسɴ磬ÿһڼԶĵط
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ֻɫľ޴Ыӣ׷š
īʱ˻˵ĻɽЩǿķ飬ǵĸ֪ǳǿī;Źġ
ӦһֿԷӡѪϢĹˡī˵
ӵе𴫳зǳ֮࣬Щ𴫳У붼ǹͷ͵ͨûڸϢĹڡ
ҲǣѾ־磬ҪʲôأʲôϢκˡҲǵһʱԶԶ˱ܰɣ
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ϸһܶཨѾƲһЩѾˡ˶ϱڲԫ
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īʱԼƲŵˡ


899 
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īͷкЦ˵Ҫ֪˭Ļ϶Ͳô˵ˡȴ˵ĵмֵ˭ܱ֤㲻ͻȻأ
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īʱһ˵Ҳ̫ʵ˰ɣҶûô㣬ͰԼȫ˵ˡôĶ֣
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ԪӤʱһɤӣŵ߻ħˣҪǻɢڵϢ϶ءһԪӤǿ϶ʧˡ
ʱ˵ԪӤ֮Կһ״̬ѵʿӮҲǲʤҲҪСĴۡ
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ˣ㰮׷˭׷˭ɡҲûйϵҪ̽Ҫһ𣿡īһ


900 ʵδ
ͷǾһɣʲôҲԵߵ֮
īЦЦĵǣһΣ
ĳīѾ̤ڣͬʿžԵơҪ˵ôһ·Ҳûʲô
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⡭ǳ˳飬ȻЩʵĴѰһһֻҡͷһߡ
ϿȻǿãĺܶطѾ̮ˡҵĵطȻĲؾ
κһɣмֵĵطˡ
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Ǳļ˶ʱֹͣ˵ȫǸƾɵĵ¯
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һۣЦǸǶûĸӵܣߣбµˣһֵõִԵ
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˭˵ʵ˾һӵģ
ڵʿ˸ųѪɫâ૵һȥҲòߣҲһҪõ
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ǲ𣿼ȻʶʲôƨѣҿñԪģֻҪӦңҾԲ⣡ʿ˵
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ʱ򣬴
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901 ż鱩
ʿһϺȣͬʱǵѪɫâ˹ȥ
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ʱһͷǵǧɳ͵ſѪڣҧ˵϶㲻ϵ
ָоһ޴ޱȵĺڶӭ


902 
ϣǾ֮ɫȻȻμСֱǵ¯У
Ȼǵ¯ֱӱ˽ȥ
šݺݵĴһ磬Ƕ˵΢һĵ¯˳лһĨߺ֮ɫ
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߱ɱȻǿ
ݳһڿЦϸ𣿡
ǿǿĹ𣿡Ѫŭ⣺ΪҿϽѪĺˣôһ澳֮壡ΣѪʣ֪֮ûʲôû걻֡Ϊʵ𣿲ҲҺñ֣ȻĻڻһΪȴΨΨŵŵЩ͵ū
㶮ʲôǻ磬֮£ûڸǲ˵Ķȴ㿴͸飬Ͼ㲻Ǽ񣡡д
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903 ˾
īһֱվǣƴֿѹ澳֮塭Ѿʼ
ԥţҪҪԼǵó
ʱ˷ѹȻһᡣ
Ȼ󣬳īͿǻѪವһ£ɵǰ
ϣ
߱һڳīǰ
ѪֱӷһߣȴҲûмīֱӴһīľʶС
㡭е
ƨ£īĻһ䡣
ѽͦԸġϲľ飡ûʲô£ȴƫƫʮ㣡ôܡСų˽ա񶾡ȴʮ飿Ϊʲô
īĿɿڴĿǰŴʱĻѪ£һԲ̴ĽƴȴɢѪɫĹâ
īô񶾵ĻһĿСûпڣϷġ
һ
ī֮ǰϵ⡢ܻѪҪĻܲܰǵ
˵ˣѪ¼ƵܵС飡Ϊʲôеϣ
īȻһ⣬ʵ߱죬ܰҿ鲻
𡭡Ǳ߲УͻȻһ翵
ʷīһƻ棬翡˻ֱھʶе
ĵȷȷǷʵ
Ϊع棬Ļ
뿪̫ˣҡе졭翵
˭īüʵǲ𣿡
翵Щͳҡ
ǶǸ߸ϵĴǴ˵ʮ֮һıī˵Һϲ
Ѫһ
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ʲô£ѪЦ
īȻû˵ʱҲ룬ҳīεºܣܹһӵвͻ¯ֱ£ҲϵҵҲҵļˣǷҵϡҲǱʲôԭ򡣷룬ҲһԵ
ҪѪ˵
ܲ˵䣡ϣͻȻһַŭȻԱ
翵ȫͬһһõĶŮ
ҪΪ͸Ƿֿ˵ĺʮѪ£˭Ҳû˭ȥѡʲôŮӵ䣬ݺݳ
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ǡѪ£īϣ¶һ˿ЦݣЩ꣬ˡ
˲Ҫô˵֪˵ʲôҪˣҪǡŮӵ˵Ǹɣڲ׷ѰʵУкܴĲһôҪˡ
Ů˵ţֱ磬ԸȥһӴ˶
īʱȴĿɿڴĵϹʮʮѪ𣿲ѵ֮Ҳһƣ
ʱ򣬻Ѫ¿˵⣬ҲǸ˼ֻǾãһֵ࣬׷档ǵ
죡Ѫ俪ڣǲ꣬Ǿ뿪û˻뿪㡣Ȼֿ߱ǣҲϾʱ߱졭
Ѫ˵⣬ûм˵תƻҪһϣȫϣԸ⣬ô͸ϽԷΪصȻ󳹵ױ죡
ʱһԻ¯зȿȡ
죡ѪϷֳȥһûʸ廰
ī˶Щˣ˵ⶼʲô
Լϵһͳɾ˵ôôϣȴûиоǵԾȻѾǿֵز
һĴܻʲôֱ
磬ɡϣٴһˣԷһܻ꣬лġԷֿϣңңڡ
ûɡһҲӲ
󣬲翵ٴ𣺡ʮ¹һܳɵ
ðɣգѪ³Ĭ˺ܾ֮ڷһε̾ϢԷ⣡
˵ţһâͶ뵽С
ʱĲٴηһ˿仯һƴͬһĶʮСףıԵѾĸǶĿ貵ĺ챦ʯ
߱ϵһɻصС
¯ҲϢķɻȥ
īȻоһ٣ǰһڣȻֱӻԹȥ


904 ʧĲ
ȳīʱ򣬷ԼȻǵعУ棬ȴȱʧһμ䡣
ôĪιȥīüͷԴ˵ƺǲطһȻҼѪ£ֱӽعȻ󡭡Ȼʲô
īǾ֮ɫΪȫ벻ع֮󵽵׷ʲô顣
󣬳īҪͨһ£ȵķ֡Ȼûа취ͨˣ
óīд󾪣æͷԼؿڡ
ӡȻڣ
ȴȥǿģ˱ϵĲͬ
ؿӡŵġһƴСһ澵ӡԿŴӵĵƣΪǶȵ⣬ò࿴ۣȻͷĿѣĸо
ӵȦʮСףĸ棬ǶĿźɫʯһӡȻͬĿźɫʯһӣȴһʮĸо
ţѵ˵ҵģǵĿѪ£īüͷ޴ľ죬ܵĸоԼڽع֮һ˲顣Ϊʲôȴһ㶼ǲˣ
ҵļ䡭˶īǶĵĿѪ£ڿȷ¡Ȼ˵ǲĹ
ϢûһӦ
īǳ˳飬Ȼʶע뵽У磬ʱڳīľʶС
޴ڤͬһ飬Ƕڲڲ統С
컯֮ڵĺһ࣬һȺѾĺܴ컯֮㰲ĳںס
վںϣԶʵھһû˼άīĵڶԪ񻹲ǿȻ뿪⣬ȴʱ;ơ
ȵʲôʱڶԪ㹻ǿˣſԳ׵뿪𣬽뵽С
Ҫ÷Ҫȳīڵʱ򣬵ڶԪܴﵽǿȡ
īĲ̫һҲϾǸʱĳīûдﵽڵľ硣Щ飬Ҫһ֮󣬲ܿøġ
Ԫʥ֦ϣֳ˲ٵĻӦò˶꣬Ϳٴο
¯ͷԪʥ£ڻ¯·ֵȼš
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伮ȫǱߵ档
֮⣬ļƷ쾧ʯЩǳī鵤õõıꡣ
֮ǰЩʱҽȫѾĸɾˡ

īһȻԼع֮ʲô飬Ȼһ˲ٵ顣
ֱӳĬʮа˾Լ˯ȥĹ
Լ˵ĻīȻҲû취֤ʵ¡
ڶѪ£ʲôѪأ
īȥһѪ£šһɻϢ˳ѪֱɢȻųīתһȦʧڳī嵱С
īž;ȵķ֣ԼʺѪƺֱڸǵĸо
Ƿӡصڸǣ
ϢѵǻѪ£īϣ¶Ծı飬Ȼ૵ȻסҵʺѪĻԺӦòôǿķ׷Ҫҳ˰ɣ
Գī˵Ǹ۲۵ĺϢ
֪ΪγĬȥͨҲûеõκλӦóīܲ⣬ҲЩơ
һֱȷЩϰ⼸
ûвڶԵеʱô׵ľնԷܵõ̫ıûл¯Ҳܸ鵤֮䳶ϹϵΪ˵ˮ׼϶ѩ˲֪֡
£ʱʵôƽ
˵˴һӵű˼Ӷ׬ĲƸ˵н磬е˻̥ʱ򣬾ͱּƷϽֱ֮Ӿһ콾
ٱЩĵճӵܣʮ˾ʮʱһѾ˴ڡ־磬һģѾ˴޽ӵиߵĳɾͣ
ɽЩӵܣ䣬ܳɳ־硣
硭Ǿ͸ˣ
ʮĴӵܣܹ̤𵤴Ѿѵһ˲š
˽磬ͲҪ˵ˡʮʱܳΪżߡһ漣
˵䱾ûʲôƽԡ
飬ںʱεأ׾ٵ˵һѡ
ƽ飬ֻһõԸ
ӦǱǳԵⱾѾûʲôƽԡ򲻻˵ֻŬĻš
Ҹиľʣһζȥ׷ƽֻ£˷˹ͷȻ׳Ŭϴͽ˱
Ŭȴһģ
ʲôطʲôλãŬǲдġ
ԣͻȻ޷ͨҲ˵ӽԺīܶ޷ԷľˣȷóīЩơ
ȴԶԶûо
ʵųīĲʹòĴѾ˺ܶࡣ
ֶСȻãīȥܾͻرܡûУҲһ·ߵ죬īѾ߱һǿӦе̬
ֻһһΣ
īһ⣬Ȼһתеɫ̨֮һͨ档
ǣ¶һ˿Цݣ㿴ȻʹѪ£ʹѪµҪ٣ҲáҲһ


905 û
żڴڤŽ˾һЩӵϸǴżֽźΣЩʿޱ顣ǿһȥʿһų㲻ˡ
ҾųҲδʲôջ񡣲˵ж࿴ЩɢޣΪ֮ǰѾкܶѪħ̵ˡһ۷ųϣ
ʦ֣˵ȺܴϢ𣿡һʮҵŮӣ⴦żڣ΢üϴż֮ɫ
ϢǺǣʦðһִ߳ɣһݸߵЦЦɨɫ㲻ٸһƽؿڣ̾˿ܹ߳һѾһС漣ˡ
ǡǸոȺˣ񲻵ȥٸɴ۾ݸӣѵԼף
ΪΪʳʦãӸλݸ¶̹ϵЦݣȱκԴȻɢǵļЩΪһԴ׵ֵܳܶɱöˡ
ٸ¶˼ɫ˵ô
ݸӵ˵ԣżӶ񣬴ͲȱġЩɢ޾֪żޱΣգֻҪǻϽĵʿͶŹֻᡣ
ٸ¶֮ͬɫ˵
ǰʦñֱһһˡݸЦЦ
ٸüƺԸ̸⡣ת˻ȻЩ˼ܻŻҲ̫ܴʲôΪʲô
ݸӿһۣܻ˵˵ġ
仰˵赭дϸ˼һ£ȴĸܵ仰̺ĮѪȡ
ǰǸ˵ˣ
ǣöһ˵أ
⣬ݸȻǲںģ
֮Զٸǳʲô֮ͬꡣһԪӤڵСʿѣǱˣ࿴һۡٸһ
˵ڤŽһλʵȨϵŮˣһɽˮʵ򰵵ݣǴλ˴мලˣݸӲҶκβݵλڤŽҲͣһʵȨǰĺˡҲûҪٸκĵı֡
ʱżڴƬռͻȻֳһ
ٸЩ˷ܵ˵˳ˣ
ݸӺ˵¶־֮ɫݸӵ¶֮ɫ૵ôôͳˣ
ǿȥЩɢ֮˳ǿġЩɢ޼Ȼҽȥĳ̶ֳѾǽ֮ˡЩ˵̰ӣܷĵط飬ô뿪
᲻һģݸһڤŽ̵ĵһ˵
ӦòᡣһڤŽ̵˵⴦ż϶кöģЩɢûӣطڵߵĸ飬϶ǲóģ
ݸӵͷȻ˫۶ڳڴ
żĳͬ紵ƽ棬ԽԽԡһЩݵͦεӰ˳
ٸ۾һգգĿ߳ˣһĨʣ˫΢죬ĵһӢ꣡
ݸӵ߳ĳīԵһֱȥųī˵ѽôͳˣʲôջ񣿡
īҡҡͷʲôջҲûУһ㶼档
ڤŽ̵ӵһ㶣üͷųī棿
԰īһȻı飺̫ΣˣЩ˶ˣ棬ͳˡ
ˣݸס¶һ˿źı飬Ȼ֮ǰѾԤϵֽܻʧЩɺİڰ֣ˣһĴָû⣬뿪ˡ
ݸ˵ţһƵת뿪ˣûκȤһٸôкˣҲʲô顣
ݸһߣڤŽ̵ĵֱ߸ϵĿųīһĵĴָ򿪣ͿԹˣ˵ţ̲סֹһ䣺Ǹ
īâҲû˵ʲôֱӽָ򿪡
ڤŽ̵ӿһۣС˵˵ѣ
˵ѣī΢΢һ漴ڤŽ̵Ǻε̰ʱЩˡ˵û˵ѡ
˵û˵ѣȥʱ򣬽ָֻһõҩģЩô£ڤŽ̵俴ųī
īȻʧЦöָЩʵûô¡һЩƷײôĶĻһڤŽ̵ĵӦҲǿ۵ġɲ֪Ϊʲôǰλƺ˰ռ˼
ȥ֮ǰеǼǵġīƽĿڤŽ̵ӡ
ǼǣڤŽ̵ֱӴһóǼǱּ£˺÷顣Ȼһ֡ƬƬֽмͬһ㣬衣
ûˡڤŽ̵˵


906 е
ٸһ΢΢üͷƺ¶ֲ˵ı顣ȻûʲôҲĺܣûɵʲô鶼ĵزֻһֱԸȥֳԼӢһ档ںܶ˿ٸƺһܵܺƭŮˡ
һЩ飬ٸһ㶼ûжšֻҲ̫Щ⡣Ҳһ˾ֹ˵ġĳʵЩ̫ѿ˵㡣
޶ԵģٸЩ뵽鿴ѾϰˣڤŽ̵ҲѾҪܶ౶
УұҪֹķ
ٸţҪڣʱȴǸ국˵Ŷ˼ǣöָĶȫżҵģ
ڤŽ̵ĵĵͷѵ𣿡
īȻʧЦѾõҪĶƻѪ£һڸϵѪɢϢԳī˵ѾǾ޴ջˡ
öָ˵ģ磬ǻһѪȷ硣ɽ磬һöѰĴָҲֵСǮˡīûн
ˣīڤŽ̵ĵӣ˵ǣˣָͬһ㡣ڿԷ˰ɣ
˵ţīԽЩ͵ڤŽ̵ӣʩʩȻ档
վסڤŽ̵ĵӣͻȻʲôųīȵϵ·һرĶˣ
⻰һٸüͷЩոѾúܹˣֱǸ֡
Ŀŵ۸ˡ
īվǣһ򰵵Ĳ̾һѣҪжȡҪôָѾ㡣ûżջʲô㿴ЩܲῴΪңп𣿡
˶ԳīЩ࿴ڤŽȻȻѡ˵ͷͺˣȴȻȻԡݵʶȷЩ塣
īԽڤŽ̵Խʹ졣ҪʹĹģ뿴ϸԼͷҿԼģ
ȴĸĸо
ǲڤŽ̵ĵĿųīֻ֪֪Ҫһ£ԶҲ߲Ƭط
ҪѾ㣬㻹ôīڤŽ̵ӵ˵
ҪԼȫµ·ѹ⣬Ȼ֤Լû˽ء
ˣٸɫЩ΢ĺȵ¾͵Ϊֹɣ˭Ҫˣ
˵ţٸīˣ
ڤŽ̵ĵüƺҪ˵ʲôȿһݸӵı顣
ݸӳ΢΢ҡҡͷڤŽ̵ĵӲЩĵЦһСӣã´ټ㣬϶ûôõˣ
īĿһڤŽ̵ĵӣҼסˡֳٸ΢΢ͷ⣬תߡ
ʼգЩڰڤŽ̴ǣҲûվ
ΪЩ˵ʶѾڳīɨ˲֪Ȧīûжġ
ֻΪѳīڤŽ̵ӣϻżֲ֮ɫöָ૵Ǹ׽ȥһΣȻʲôûܴ
ٸЩĿһۣû˵ʲôתһԡЩ޳֮Ϊ顣
ī첽뿪Ƭ´һۣյͼϱעķŷ򣬿ʼһ·
ڤẒ̌Ҽסˣ
īһĨĹâǰŵĻ¶ôˡ
īܿԼ̬ڶ磬īȻоƺ׷
ָоǳǳǵ㡪ҧڷǳᣡϸŸƯҲѿ֡
˭׷ңīЩ⡣˵ѵڤŽ̵ĵӣˣ
ָо֮󣬳īǰٶȺͶͱøСĺܶࡣ׷ٴʦһҪҳ٣ûôס
ɶԷƺҲ൱ó׷֮ƾīСģڼٴθоԷ׷
˫һĬ
īȥˣˡҲ
һ죬īѾԶڤŽ̷żƬһʮİĽ
ȻɽԳī˵İĺܡ
ûĸطǺϤġ
գһһǰСͬʱҲڲǿԼĵڶԪ
ڳīѾżԪ֮ңˣ
ֻԪ壬Ļ飬ϲſԡ֮ǰع鱾塣
Ǹ׷ˣڳīʱǱƺҲͬ
ô죬īѾЩϰ˶ԷĴڡ
ԣȴδ͡
һҹīԦŵڶԪϣ뿪һءоòڵʱͻȻһ
ͬһѷĳֱָīĵڶԪ


907 ܴʿ
īĵڶԪо˼ִʹԷǿ̶ȣԶ󡣳īԦŵڶԪǵȴʼͬƹ֮һ
ţ߳һӰ˸ĹâעųīĵڶԪ񣺡ĵڶԪʵһʿԴﲻ־磡
īǰİף΢΢ü˭Щһֱڸң
˭ҪҪǣ˭˵ЩĮ
ҾһͨɽʿīһˣҸԩ޳ɣ
ԩ޳ġǲͨɽʿͲ˵ˡĮ˵ţȻųī˵ȻҲ֪㾿ôģҿԿ϶ϻеڶռ䣡
ڤŽ̵ˣīһˣȻˣӦףʲôûУ
Ҳšҡҡͷöָ棬ҿϸһЩҩģһЩҩеĲԼһЩƷȴûκǺܲһ£ûĸʿָѵûеġ
īһݣȴ¶Цı飺޵ȭΪʲôҪõδ̫뵱Ȼˡ
ϻҲ˵ԪҿѺҪǲԼھû˵ڶԪǾʵʵİϵıｻĮУһ˿⣺ͼߣҪͼӦܸо㲻ҵĶ֡
һڵʿвһڵʿ˼𣿡īĵڶԪ俴Ӱöô
ȻáǴżڵʿȥ֮ˡƫƫģʿȴĳˡΪû룬ȴôܹ룬ȫ˵ˡҪ˵һջҲûСҾţ
īһ̾˵Ĺ۲ȷǿҷжҲǳֲֻһ˿ϣжϳô⡣
뵽⣬ī̾Ϣһôͣ㶼ˣ
ڵʿ˵ֻҪĴָҾ㲻
ôʱһԶ
ǳīıˣ
Ȼĸҳ֣ڵʿƺЩһе㲻ŵĿųīı
͵ڶԪͬʱһطһһ򾡣Ǿ͵ûκ·
ѵʲôƲɣ
ڵʿкȻЩû
ʲôҳֵģīıһ֣ڶԪһ⣬뵽嵱Сһǿƣ˳ųī屬
㻹Ҵ򣿡ڵʿе㲻ŵĿųīг˲ŵɫ
ôϻī̧־һȭ
ȭ֮ȭ
һȭƴ
ˣ
ֱӴա
˲㵽ʿŴ
ߣ
ڵʿǿ﷢һмߣֱۣīһȭ
һڵʿѣһȭٴôܹ˵ִڵʿ
飡
һ졣
꣡
һĹ֮

ڵʿһɶƵľǾУһ˿˿ʹࡣ
ΪīһȭȻֱӽС۹Ǹѣ
ûӦīֱʩչǧ֣ɲǼ䡭ʿǧƣ
ۣ
ۣ
ڵʿӲǱīĵýѪ
еĴۣ
īǧ֣Ǵǿᵽ˼µ鶼ܡ˵һڵʿˡ
ʿȶס񣬷һīɡȻû׷ϣŶӣǲϵ⿩Ѫ
ڸոһ˲䣬Ѿˣ
īûʲôվ俴ڵʿ˼ţԼмְܽնɱ
˵ĵ̣ҪԽһڵʿѣҪֱӽնɱûôˡŵ˵ľԽԽߣҪԽնɱҲԽԽѡ
ϾԽǸ߼ʿʵҲԽǿͨвٵıֶΣҪ䳹׻ɱǼѵ顣
ڵʿͬĿųīֻĮУʱȴ¶ֿ־塣
СӣҲҰֱڵʿҧгݣ޵òСԭҪռˣôһֱиųīꡣۿžҪɹȴû뵽һ档
ָоеȵ߳ŭ
һͨɽСʿˣǲڤŽ̵ĴˡǻǷһöָҲסҵ֣Ϊһ죬һȥǣûīĿһڵʿתߡѸٵʧߵС
ڵʿ¶֮ɫֻµ񣬾ڣҲûκˡ
˽еӴڤŽ鷳ǻˣ
졭͵һˡ
ʿͬܵĹͷɥ뿪


908 С
һսԳī˵û̫ĸоЩսѾ̫ࡣڤŽ̵ʿ˵ȴֱһ޴ĳ裡
ôʿиһʿô죬׼Ĺ󣬲һ񣬻Ӳ˴ˡ˼ҵĶ֣
Ȼû˿һĻ棬Ҳһֱ˺ݺݳһƵĸо
ۣ
ԽԽң
صǴżڴʱȴһ¸ˡ
ڶ˴żгˣǰǸһƭǣ˶ˣ
Ǹ˶һ¯ӲĿǼʮ˵ĹǵƤӵˣ
Ǹ¯϶żеıǴ۷ʿ򲻶һ
һҪݣ̰īڤŽ̵ıֱǻˣ
ڵʿ˵ۣףԭ뿪ﰵ׷ٳīʱ򣬴ż߳һˡ
Ǹͷһ¯ǵǹ롣۷ʿ޷˺ӲȺ˵Ƥӵ£ʹһŶݷ֮ززˡ
ڳ˶Ϊзǳŭ
һҪҵǸˣӦдۡ
ߵǸˣȻ֮ǰڵ¯еˡ
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909 
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һЩֵӣȥҲʮ߰ӣһ˫ǳޱȡüбޡŷ٣һڡ
Ӵһɫ߽ǴǶɫĽߣȥޱȡ
īǰӸ£´˳ī죬Ȼ俪ڣ㡭Ǹ֣
īԭЩãȻ˲ޱӣ˵˭֣
Ȼ˵㣿ѵﻹеڶ˲ɣӵǣ¶һĨڽЦݣ˵һô˲õһˣԭҲˡţ̳㸸Ǵʵһ澳֮壬ں˸߹ޱȵϽѪϽѪ֣ôʸԶҲ͵Ϊֹˣ߹ϽѪӦóֵϣ
ʲôīŭӣҪֱӳֵĳ嶯
Ǻǣ߳ŭˣҵСܣ㻹ǲǹùáʮ㡭İٱ˵㽫һ죬ὫƬ춼ˡѪͳС֣ΪѰɣӺԳīͷ̣ĳš
ĻУϢȴ̫ˣ
ڳīȻ߱һսȴòǿѹסɱ⡣ĿӣҲⷬʲô˼زʶԩ޳ƾʲôң
㵱ȻʶңΪûʸ񣡡ĮȻһЦ֪ǰɣġǲģҽֻһĿģϽѪУҪѪ֣
ϣ
īױŭȫ޷̣߱Уңָӣһһ˵㲻˵һ죬Լ֪㼸ңҵˣҲһ𣡡
߱ôȻһѺõȴǲȱȫģһѷϵˡɨһ߱죬˵
ˣ
ֱ߱ӱһɾɱ⡣
ӲмһЦһ졭˲һɫǹ
ǳǹǹǸָģǹͷޱȷ
ǹԻסһĿһгǹȻҷԽ޾ǺӶ֪㻹ǿҪɱ㣬Ҳ۸㡣ͬһս


914 
˵ţϵϢ󣬱˸īһ
ȴȻǿƥϵǹƺȻ߸ϣ·ġߣ
ϣ
ӷӡΪ֮ûκԥֱӳ֡
ڿնһǹī
һǹף绷ƣ
һǹ磡Ťգ
һǹһУ
Ʋɵ
һȫɱ⣡
ī
īۣһֱӭȥ
׸߱ݺײһ
ϣ
һ죬أ

߱޺ۣ
īЩ˼Ŀһӡ
аһЦûʲô
ǾīѪҲ˲䱻׼ֳ߱죬ֱʩչڤ˵սһ
ۣ
īļͷųһѪ⡣
Ƿޱȵǹ⣬ųīļȥ
ӵ£Ҳͬ߱컮һѪۣȻû̫룬Ȼӵ˲䱻ѪȾ졣
üһǿôһ㣬ûзﵽң
ʲôʲôʸңīĮһһ
˳״ҲһԳīĲмʼЩ
Ȼûнī̫
һ˵С֣ҵõһ˿ϽѪӵһ˺ʵҲġȴѪͳܱȵģ
īʱգһĶ֣
񾳽ӡһģһڳڣеıУȻһ˿ڴ˿߱
սļɣޱȴ죬յĹ൱
һκη棬īУ
֪Щ֮󣬳īûκεη˷
Ķ֣
ĵˣ
֮·Ī⣬һ㣬һõĥʯ϶Լøӷ
ˣҵĥʯ
ⲻ֪ͬ뷨ȻҲڶԷĿУ
ԳīһһС֣Ϊ˼ŭīͬʱҲȷ֪
ī͸Ӧó֮ϣ½飬ʲôʸȾָϽѪĹ
ԣǰױܣҲǸ֣
ڱôҲԶϵģ
ӣҲЩڳīǿսġ
澳֮ȻǿۣþһȺ½߸Ķڣȴòһ£Ǿǣ澳֮壬ȷУҪǿ
أҴ֮·ϵһĥʯ
ҪѪҵĵĥøӷ
һȣеıǹź嫵׺ųīѹ
粻ţֹȻһʿġ
ī٣ȴƬ׺
ΪƬ׺УȻ̲ԶĴ
ֵ򣬸īĵ룬·Ҫī顢
īоԼ嶼Ҫˣȫ£ѪˮɫŤһŭ
ôһ㱾ôǡ˵ţһǹѾ˹
嫵׺ۿžҪīû
·ϺٶԽԽ죬ʾĲƽȴȻûۡڵȣڵ˱Ƶ·֮ı
ûбǷţҲûбҪȫĶעѹˡ⿴Ʋпᣬȴʵ
ûмֵˣԶӡ
ĳīһ˫˲ޱȡ˵ϣһϢ
е߱죬ʵ
ŭ
ˣ
һϢ˲ϯء
֮£īȻֱڤ˵ĵ
һ
һأʥϿգȻɲǼ䣬𣬶޺˼
ʲôͨӵϣдԾ
ϣ
߱ףһκݺײһ
׺ɢ
ʱһƬ
ٿīȫ³ױѪȾ죬ѪȫǱѹӲѹġ
ӣǾȻҲһ˿Ѫ
Ҳˣ
ȻӵսһָỮԼ촽ȻָһĨϽɫѪҺɱ⡣
ޣīȫµйͷҪѵĸо·嶼ҪԼˡĿӣһ˿⡣
Ҫͬɱ㣬еѡӵ¶һĨԥ֮ɫ̲סͷһ·ͬķţȻ˵Ȼѡҷ𣬾ͲҪٶ£
˵䣬ӵУϢʼڽȻ忪ǰԼķӡҪʳնɱī
ī俴ӣͬ磬㲻ɱңˣһ㣡
ǳ˳飬Ȼһ̹Ȼĳˣǰֵ΢ľ磬澳֮廹еõġ߾磬ûκ壡ȻЩҲҪףΪҪˡ
˵䣬ϵϢѾһ˼ĵز
԰ĴСֵĻ˿̵ĳīһʯͷӣһɽ
һɽ


915 
ī̲סĬȻ֪û˵ѣȷҪˣ
ΪԷϵϢѾ׵ĳ֪ڳīϡǾɢϢġ
ԣڰҲ޼¡
ĿҲǳīķĹǹ޵еս⣬Ȼûɢ
ǰȻǿ˾֮ͬսīȫģΪվŵǸˣ
ֻһһ
ˣ
һ
¯ͻȻԳīؿڷɳֱڳīͷ洹Ϣֱӽī
ţӶʱһЩĿŻ¯૵ⶫ
˵䣬Ѿ֣ñǹݺһǹ¯
ȫûѹƾ£һǹʵ̫ˣ
·׻ٵһ磡
䣡
¯汬һӴľ졣
ĳīȴû˿ĸо
Ż¯һ죬·ķʥУȻϰɫͻȻУ
ʮɫ𣬾ȻֱӶǲεıϣڳīΧ
ˣȵšѵҪ𣿡
ɫֻǽī
ãȻѡ·Ǿͱĺҧ˵𡭡һû߱أѾķ𡭡ǣҲǷ𣡡
ˢ
ǹзģȻ𣬻޾ĵ򣬿ʼӰһصķ򡣾Ҫǿеĸı

ڳīǰһɫͻȻ俪ڣһһ˲佫ǹ汬ķĺ顣
С˵ķҲ棿ŭ𣬴ϼһֵķ
Ƿһ«ȴûпڣ̣ͨӨ͸«м䣬·һʲôֻǱڻУ޷塣
Ǻ«һҡһ˲Ҳʱпܻ顣

һɫ𣬿зһٴνȶס̵ͨ޿ں«Ҳסȴݺݻζһ£ֱѿ
һأҪĸо
ʱ򣬵ɫ𿪿ڣһأ
䣡
ֱֺӽ̵ͨ޿ں«˻ȥ
ǿס«۵һһѪҧǷšҪС֣Ͳ»ͷ˳ǣ
ɫ𿪿ڣȣ
ӾǱ˺ݺݳһư㣬һ죬ӾȻ׷ɳȥ
ţϣȻĳһޱȵİӡ
¯ڵеĳīĿӵϣǵİӡ棬Ȼдģ̲סһ⾹ȻϵĴ
Ѱôֲ°ۼ
һֱƵɫڱˣ
˲䱩ŭ
ʱ򣬵𡢵ͬʱڡ
䣡
ˣ
һӵ壬ֱӱһεסηȴҲȫûа취ѿʼøšǽҽǷűؽ˳ҷġǵĩʱҪڰ
ʱǸһֱ·ϺУͻȻ仺ͬǲαݣƽ͵Ŀӣ˫ֺʮӷ𡣡
ͺ¿һ˫ӣ˿̾ȻһƬ죬·ҽɢޱȳȵ¶ȡϺС
˵⻰࣬㣬һո̤·СޣֶͨҲ˵ֻϺеƽͣУȴǴżֵĲм
ĿɿڴĿϺУ㡭һڵͺ¿ȻҳЦң
Ȼڻ¯֮µĳīĿɿڴӡȻһݡȻҵı磿Ҳ˵ĸסҵľ˾ˣ
ī˶Ҫ˵ĸоʵǲġ
ϺеһЦҲ磬ʲôʲôʵ
ƨȻǻôƴҪɷ𣿡Ӿܱȴη壬ƿڴ
ɷ𣬲ģɷ𣬱ѹϺ΢΢һЦһָüĵȥ
Ҫʲôӵ¶ޱȵĺȻ֮ɫ
Ϻ˵ѹ㣡
㲻ܡٴƴߵıǹҲһɫŤƺҪѡ
ȴѹһܶ
ʦ¯֮µĳīʱȴͻȻ俪ˣŹɡ
ţƴͻȻס˼Ŀųī
Ϻȴûκı飬·鱾ˣ˲ջǸָ·ʲô鶼û
һ£űīŭʲôҪͬ飿ͺ¿ɱҰɣҲҪͬ飡
īâһֱӳȥ֣Ӳ˼УݺһƳ˹ȥ
ž
ִһ⡣
ӳ״סҴң


916 
ϵ𾪺Լŭ֯һı鿴ȥޱȵĸҲ൱֮ʡ
ž
īû˵һƳ˹ȥ
۵һһѪȻǻģ
ĿѵĿųīС֡бͳװɱˣ
Ŵûúù̹ܽ㣿
ž
ûϵ
ž
Ǻúý㡣
ž
ҽһ˵ĵ
ž
㴦·ͷʱðͱصһ㡣
ž
һʼͲҵϣ̤
ž
һ
ž
ӿҪˣųīŭһ仰˵ҲҪ£
īʱЦˣԲ˸첲ݺһȥ
ž
㿴עתƵ˱ĵطһǲãΪ㻹ң
ž
С֣ǳ׽ŪȻĻҿ϶ʬΣһҪѽٱһһҪҵס
ۣ
ӻû˵꣬Ȼоؿһʹ̲סͷһѲؿڵĳ¶ޱ֮ɫ㡭ɱң
ûУԼӦúһֻ֮࣬壬ǳͷҵĸסī˸Ĺâʵһ㶼Ū㡣ҸոսסϺУʵǲеҵ顣ҡû˰£ȷ֡ԣҪŹ㣬Ժ˵ΪţҪûôס̫ˣֿκ˷еΪֱ޴¡վԼ飬ֲҴǧ򲻸ãҵĸĸ˰ٰ衣Ƿ˵׼˵ʵģҲǡ˭˭ʵ⡣ΪǶ⡣
â˸ҧ֪ͺã
ˡīҡҡͷ˵ⷬȫûκҪʾǻ͵ͷֻһ£ǲңûϵʵҸǣ˵ô໰ҲҪ֪ô𣬾治Ǿһ߷ʧνҿˡ
ӵ¶һ˿ɻ󣬿ųīʲô
ȻԽ޾ǺӶһۣȻۣǾͱȥˡī˵ţе߱죬һУ
壬ûʲôԵֿ
ӵ൱ͱг룡
һ˫۾ɵϴ󣬾ɲĿųīŭ֮ɫûж٣ġֲ˼ɫ
ƺô벻һ𣬾Ȼһ۾϶㲻ϵСϡ
㡭ȻҪɱңΪʲôҪ˵ô࡭ϻųī
īЦЦ氡
ۣٴһѪ˫޾Թ֮ɫС֡
꣡
īγ߱죬䣬ͷ­ն¡еĻȫ˻ȥȻЩɬĿϺеôɱķҲ󶮣ָָҡ
С֡ҼסˣǱߵ䵽ϵͷ­Ȼſ˵
īɴ۾Ǳһ̶ȻŭֱһŽŲӵͷ­һһС֣Ӳ㣡ΪʲôţѪͳΪڻˣӵȷʵɱ㣬㡭ӣ˵
һԵϺпĿɿڴǾҵĳ鴤ţ˫ֺʮӷ𡭡
ϺܣȲȱ˵Դ˵īл˶ʮŭҲһ˲䳹ױ
˵Ķģôĸףһòã
ȻĻ˶ôһһСֵĽԼױܣ
ǳīڵľ硢ʵ۽硢֪ʶеһУȫû취ԼйصĶбίŭץ
ָоƽֻ侲֮£ֻƽȻ
Ъ˹˭
ͻȻֵ𣬽ʾܴһͬʱٰ裬Ȼֶĸ״衣
ŭ𣬵ܱ֮Ϊ˵飬Ƕûа취ѹơ
ҵšѾīŵͷ­ȻӲ
һ߷Ҳ𾳽磬ˣ³īôƴĲȣҲԽͷ­ȱ
ܵ衭˵޷ܵģ
Ӿ͸ţޣ㵱ӿʥУһ޴ֹϵΪмʶ˶ӿĸ㣬ϺвæͷүԼҲܰˣôԶʱͱҵţһүͬԽ޾ǺӴſڣʱϣе㳤ôûϢīһ߿һʹ
һԵϺȴĿɿڴ̶¶ϲ֮ɫ
ֻһʿȴѾӵӷţ
Ϻ̲ס˫ֺʮһ䣺ӷ𣡡


917 Ȼ
ϺУｻˣһķԳ׽˰ɣīһϺУոȷԸϺбڣͻȻͨˡ
Ϻдٳ𣬿϶Ѿ˳еһ׼
Ϻ֮ǰ˵һԵ֮أͬҲһԵ֮أ
šضֵ͵Ĺţǿ˵սľ
ͬ޷֮־ܡô˵Ҳʲô˵顣
Ϻ΢΢һЦҾͺá
ӵͷ­Ѿīײȵȫǽӡȴûܵκͷ­ļӲ̶ȫǳġҪָ
𡭡Ҳ
ͷ­ôױƻġǳī߱ҿһīûô
˵ȴɱܣ
Сޱȣܹ裿
һ˫ۣųī
īЦӣ˿
ֻϺָһ㣬һ͵Ĺâӵͷ­
ӵӿһƬ
ȴıͣûзûпϺУֻȻųī
ա
һ
ӵͷ­ȻȻֱӻһӴĴγһ֮Ҫȥ
ɫһһԣ
ţԽԽĽɫܣ֣һȫ飬֪ж١ʼо
ǾĻɬѶīһֶףȴܸ̺ܵŵǹɿµԲûʲôӰ죬ͷ­ɵ֮˵ȴͬһѡ
֮ϵССɿӳ̣һͷһؿڣʹʧ
ǣīϺС
Ϻ˫ֺʮӷ𡣡
ī
Ϻн˵⣬ǶȻ
ǶȻī󾪡
Ϻ΢΢һЦǿжȻΪӷʥصԴȪ֮һϾ𾳽Ѿˡ
֪ΪΣīܾϺ˵ⷬʱżźƺϣһźãҲľͻ༸𡭡
ȻҲĴΪϺжͦġ
ţӵʬҲϺ編ƣһָȥʬȻһϽɫѪҺ
īɫڱϺʵֻһξѪһЩĴ򣿡
Ϻ׳īʲô˵ѾǺܶķˣľѪϣҲʮΣʧһΣ˵Ѿ˲õľ޴ʧˡ
īʱͻȻ䷢֣ɽֻʩչھϺУȻ׾ٵĴķɿϺУʲô磿
ϺЦǺǵ˵һнǿգֻ޷𷨣ͨԾá
˵ţϽɫľѪīѪԵǿ֮·ԸһЩ
īһҡͷҲҪ
ϺҡҡͷҪ̫һЩ飬͵ȡһݱˡ
ȿȣϺУ⻰ֵõɮ˵ôùֵֹģīǡ
Ϻ΢΢һЦɴ£СڣŲţɱ㣬ϵȫѪĽĹǣ澳֮壡ϱӵʵĽĺܡ
īϺ˵һ䣬ҲһĶ񺮡
֮ĶϺ˵ţǵϽɫѪ
ī̾˿ҲûپܾЩףδĶˡ
ʥأֻҪһطְ취Խ׾ٵѹ
ȴûκηأ
ϽɫѪҺսӴīƣ˲˽ȥīֻоͨһ֮⣬Ȼûκĸо
ϣ̲ס¶־֮ɫ
Ϻ˵ѪΨڹؼʱֳ̣ңɮΪҪһأû뵽еѪȻģƺ߳˵ѪһȻĻյɡ
Ϻֿųī˵ɮһкܶʣ𼱣ɮһЩ飬һһ
Ϻ˵ţʼϵоȻӡ
ɫҲԽԽѿڽʲôʽ
ȳīʶϺЩ׵ʱѾǻ췦ˡϺеѸٵȥ޴ڳī֮Ĺ֮£Ҳ׵ıӡ
ҷӡǵطȻȫǴϺϷȥģ
ۻ嫣һʿܹӵеģ¾һҲδǸʵ
ϺУȻΪ˰Լ
ī۽ǣЩʪϺУ֪˵ʲôá
ӣġϺдվߵīǰɿӥצ֦֣ץī֣һǲαݣص·ŵǰ
ʱ֮ǰʧһɶ


918 
𼱣һһ˵ʱ䣬ɮҲôˡϺǰʯϣЦеĿȦĳīҲҪɮһ𣬵һԲšҪһ𣬹Ҳ
ī죬֪˵ʲôźãǹɱĸоһ㶼ûм١
һɮ˵ǲ˵ǲ˵Ϻָָ죺˭˵˭ǴǴ
īĬŵͷãˣҲˡ
ţúӣɮȻǣ㣬ѾҷдֽϣҲһֶ䲻µġϺ̾ϢһȻ˵ڶɮΪ˵
ī̧ͷϺУȷǳһ¡
֮ǰϺеǸСͽһֻһڳʿȴͻȻԽڣֱڣȻֱӶɽˡֱ˲˼顣
ҪƬط˵⣬ǷŵʥأΪ⾻֮ϣ̫ɽϺ¶һЩƤЦݣʵɮľ磬ʿľ˵Ӧ׼ɡ
˻
ī̲סһ¶ŵɫЩţϺСɽķȻһ׼
ϢҪǴȥҪһ˰ɣ
ЩҫĵҪ֪ϢҲβʵʵ˰ɣҲ֮ǰţ
ѹϺӡҲѪħһ֮ʱûκεη壬һͿ
ԭƾϺԼԽѹ
⡭ʵʲôϺ̾˿ɮŰǨˡеͬͬŶѳɷΨɮ֧š
Ϻ˵ţһ۳īɮƽûκǣң̹ĺܡΣȴһ󡣡
īͷ˵ֻҪܹ
ϺЦЦԺɣǸСͽܣǵûһ㣬Ǻ츳㹻ҲߵġȴŭĿ·ǿĳҡշһһĵĺܡ
īͷģԺɾҳīֵܣһᾡܵıһȫ
Ϻ¶ĵЦݣĵҪľ仰ܻסһȫ͵ǻס˷ŵһȫ߳һΪֵܣҪ÷عһ硭ʲôأ
ţϺ̲סЦ˵Լûִ㲻ˣ
ΣϺֽ˵˵Ϊ漰ɮҲ޷˵ɮԺȷĸ㣬֮ڣ޷ͨ󣬽뵽Ƭ硣Ҳɮܣֻܱ֤ԣһҪӿٶȡɮţţһڰ֮ڣϼߵľ硣
󡭡ķȫյģīϺУȻоԼܲǷŶ٣ǷϺеġȴʵ̫ˣ
ϺѵЦЦⶼɮǼ£Ƽ򵥣ʵҲ򵥡ȻǺ㣬һסǶԵȵġ˵浽죬ɮռأ
īҡͷʧЦ˵Ѿһˡ
첻ңҲˡϺдĿһ۳ī̾벻ѹµƮŮۣջǽľҡǴϡ
ʲôīʱһ˼ĿϺУֻкëĸо
ϺЦŰڰ֣˵ģɮûпһеı죬ֻǻҪʩչϱһϢɵǣɮƮоɣѡԾϢϤĺܡ㵱ʱ״̬ӦѾ̤뵽磡ȫ䡭ֻҪһξѪڣͿ¸ɮ˵ûɣ
īǳ鴤ĿϺУûʵϣīԼ֪ƯŮԭƮ㡣
Ϻпųī˵Ȼûбֳ̫ĶɮٴϿ߰λĴӰӡ
īٴθеԣЩףϺ˵һǨƹ塣ϺСѾ޾£ľȻֻ൱ʿ׼𣬵¾ЩеҲҪ֣
īʱȻһͷŵʱǷѾ˽أ
صĽ鰡
īҡͷ̾Ϣ
಻ѹȻټɮٴһŷŵͨϺ˵ţȳīֱܾӽһݵīľʶ
ԣīϤͨʲô֮󣬾ò˶ЩɵˡԭϺдģȻǸոУɫзķԣ
ԣֱӽãӡ
Եǿ֮ѾЩԽˣ
ͽ̫ʺѧϰѾǷһΨһԵˡϺЦеĵ
ȵȣȵȣīɫʱһ䣬ĿɿڴĿϺеʦǰ۲ҡûӦŰһûȢϱذ


919 ʥ
ϺЦеĵɮҲûֹϱ
ǡͨңôһǰôǸϽҵļйͨĶ߰ɣ͵Ҵûðɣīһֵ̿ĿϺУһ㶼ң꣬ư
˵̸֮ʲô飬ǱϾŮ˰
īܹǣһ˶ţΪӵܡ
ŵġϺЦ
ʦЦҿܲ𣿡īǳ鴤ţſռŵ˷ֻҪϺһͷʱͻ˲֡
ҪһжζȻҲͽˡ
Ǻǣ㲻õʲôҽԵôǿȣϺЦǺǵĿһ۳ī£һķһԸţҷŵĺӣʺԣôͰԴһֱûз֣Ǿ˵ٺõͨҲйʱһ졣
īϺмֱ̫ˣſ̵ֲô䵽ôһ׵ϺˣʲôһԵ˵˲ǵ𣿵ȵ㣬ȲûԵҵ죡
īʱоԼѹɽ
ϺЦŽҹ⣬ֻ˵ԣúڼԽ磬Խܸܵޱǧ磬С硭Ϊӳ
īͷԣȻ֮ǰûʲô˽⡣һۣ𺳵ˡ
֪һӦóԽ
ɮȻס˷ŵ󣬵ʵɽ磬һϵͬҲһ󡣡ϺͻȻӳһذϢѳīˡ
˵ʲôīһԾĿϺУɽ硭һţ⡭Ϊʲô
ī𺳵˵Щ˭¶ַӦΪֱ̫˸еˣ
ɽ磬硣Ϻ˵绹һţǳīе𾪡Ϊʲôƫƫɽأ
Ϻ˵һ𱻷ģʵһϵţǸŵĴʱ䣬룡
īľ
ϵĻ¯ǸŵġϺֵ
īľ
ǸţеšϺпųī˵˵Ǹ֮ԨԴҪԶʤš
šīЦû
ǸɣҲѾǵȷŻءеľɡ壬еĶǵŵĶȻĻʿΪҪƵѣϧͥȴûм֪Ҳû֪ʽ΢Ϻ̾ϢһԴǧٶǰԪϵҲʧ֮ǵطûˡ˵ȥˡС˵Ϊѡ
ұȥһ˶ԲԣīϺʵ
Ϻеͷ󣬱ȫӡܳױ֤İȫȻĻǱһӵŵֲ߳һػĪĻγв
ī˵ͷǣҵ˵ָηأѵҪ÷ˮͨٵ𣿡
ٵ󣬳īмְյġıȻĲϣȴҲܸо϶Ǽֵ޷һֱӻˣ̫ϧܹӡīԸӡ
ȻҪٵʵԪϵߵʱһԡȻ󡭡һƣһö򡣡Ϻ˵ţͬϷһ㣬óһöӵĳƣһӨ
īʱһĿϺУôһֱƵĸо
Ϻп˳īһۣ˵ֺ£
ģīһɻ
ȻģϺһ棬
ôãǽö򡭡͵Ҫŵδأīǳ鴤ţϺУ֮ǰѾһˣϺУǰܸһĽ𣿡
Ϻ̾˿Ц£㲻ɣȻҲоܾȨ֮ǰ¡ʵɮЩҪ̫ˣ˽䡣Էصġ
īĬãҡҡͷΣֻҪҪȺϵġԷҲãҲãǴһ㳵ô
Ϻ΢΢һ漴ͷô⣬Ҳԡ
ȻֳɳĹУܵõС
Ϻд˳īĻδضв
Ǹûϵīڰ֣١̵ϵͨôΪʲôӦ
ӦͺáϺ˵⣬ǲͨʥ


920 
īۿϺԲţȻǱ͸ɿݲ˲绯ɢڷȻһϺһģһĽɫȽȽƬžϣϵ
̶ûпǲϴĴо۳һ֮İľޱ͡
īȥһ۹ӡԼǿӡУһλƮݵŮӡīƺЩһʲô
Ůӳųī˫ֺʮ΢΢ʩ񣺡ͨۼ
ʲôڡīĿɿڴ
Ů΢΢һЦɳɷʱѾһεķ
īǳ鴤ޱȾңߣϺУ
ǣ飬ģκ飬Բǲŵӡͨ˵ţ˵ֻǷ徻
û˵꣬īˣڰֵĺˣǵģҲ޵ģҲҪңԺҪȢϱ޵ġ
͡
ī⻰ô治ٷʦȫ̲סЦ
ͨҲͨ죬ǵһϺСѾ׵ˣ벻ŵȻǵҪȢϱޡֱֱ˲֪˵ʲôá
īȴǸۣͨʿ㶼֪ˣ
ͨ΢΢һ˵ͷ֪ˡ
ôģīʵ
ûûô롣ͨƺЩر⡣
ʲôûô룿ҿǻīȻЩ˵
ͨɫߺ죬һԾĿųīңûУ˵Ȼĵһ𡭡
˰ɣڷҪˣҴţȥȥ㲻ԼһСȥˣҿһʵҲзˣҪɴˡʿҼһȳӡ
ô˵ͨ۶ʱЩˣŭųīţĵͷΪһ֮ô˵˲Ļء
кβлŮ쾭壬ûлŮīЦҿǽ飡˵ţһ۴Щɫ죬ȫЦķʦǣ㲻
ȻġһϷʦųī˫ֺʮӷһΣȹ顭
ͨ۶ʱĿɿڴ
Ļں棬棬Ůʦȫͷ
ǰͨ۳ԵδϣЩڣȴٳٲϷɽ٣Ƕ
ȻϲǾͻͷȥҰֻԵˣͨŵԵһ
ҲҲ
㡭ǡͨȻഺ޵Ѿͬһ첼һɬü˵
ī̾˿ڰ֣ȥɣ֮󣬻ǾáŸʺ㣬ٻԶ㣡
һ徻ķʦ̲ס뷭˸ۣĵԼҪȢϱޣҲˣ
Щˣ徻ҽֻЩ꿴ͨ࣬в̡ϺǸ̫׷Ϸ˼ǰǵ飬Ҳѵĺܣࡣ
ͨվãȻ˫ᣬųīʩһһΡõĲǷǣǹСǡллҼ˵ʲôҲͬҸ飬Ҳһ֮£ţҵļ壬ѾɿڣҡȴΪΪңҵļ˴ȣγɵˣңû
ѽκáī˵
棿ͨ۵ϣʱ¶ϲ֮ɫ
ȻˣҪû㱾£ǵīЦ
ڳȫһ֪ī⻰мֿš
ǰī̾ϢһֱӴȡһƿӸīʮҩһ£ͻȬģҲẦǡ
ͨ۾ϲӵĽӹƿȻųīʩһֳŴеʩһʵллλǰЩСŮӵչˣлгһգСŮӿ϶𣡡
Ըá
㰲ñã
Ƕϣã
һȺʦׯϣ˫ֺʮУӷ𣡡

ͨ뿪˷ţȥѰʧ˺ܶҸȥˡ
īҲ뿪˷ţҪϸţΪġȴԼС
˵ҲЩīԼ϶棬Լĸĸ˫ףһźݺ͵λ
˵ģڣһе͵Լǰһ͸ԼΪԼ̫̫࣡
Ȼû˵ȴж˳ī桭֧ģ
߱ҵģ
ҵģ
¯Ҳҵģ
һеһУųīһǿޱȵĺ̨Ȼ˽ɳȴ¶һ޶ǿˣ
ܴûôԳī˵īĸоӵģ
ԣ³ī֪ԼĵѪħ׼𾳽ĿֲڣϹټҡҡؼҺͶĶŴ塭ȻѹѹҲܴ󣬵ȴδ
Ϊīţʤˣ϶
׼𡭡վ𣬶һȺʦȫ
Σ
ϣ
ſܶĸĸף
ֱ죬λԽǺӶ𡣶ԷһһС֣һһ㸸׻˳īл룬ǸΡˡ
ͬʱȴҲ׼˳īȫѪԣ
ɱˣ
ɱķ
볹նɱȺ׵˵ǵԴһһһϣ
ȴڸ߳īڵȫȺ˵Ķ֣ԾôŭҲһҪڶԷӦ֮ǰӡסŵ
Ҳֻһ꣡
ôԼ͵ӵһİչʱ䡣
һ꣬
ǹˡ
ЩԼΪеļ壿Ѫħ棿
ǲ֮ĥġһʯͷ


921 
ɽ磬ޱߣǹɽء
īɽ֮䣬ϸؼ̺ŵĸֵͬʱҲоϺǷԡԼһöԵŵĹ
ϺԲųɷ֮ǰһ仰˵Źͨʥ
īЩŰϲһ£ûмκθʥйصļءԳīҲֻǻɣȴȷνʥƷס
һ£Ѿˡ
ԭǿʿ𣬲ʿյ㡣һ㣡
óīе𾪡𺳣ͬʱҲ޵ϣ
һŭ
һҪҵҵĸף
һҪҵĸף
ҪϣκθǵˣԶŲڣ
˭ҵĸĸҾɱ˭
Ȼǿ󣬵һƴԼǿ·ϣûֹܹҡ˭ҵǰҶҪһ߿
ŵƣǵϵ
ȻѾû䣬ƾһöƺ¡ļֵȻɹ
мֵģö
ǵҵľԡ
١ߡԡСǰС
̶̾Ÿ֣ȴ̺ϴ
־ɽ־־湲־ָ־Ӧ־Ϣ־ʱռ䣻ǰ־Ԫأ־˺һ
ȷҵԣҵľԸӽӽīϵ
Ϊ΢һеõ˾޴ĺô
˵ǰ־īвϤ̸ŵǰ־ʱеɫ̨˲ǿҹԪصٶȣҪ֮ȥһ࣡
Ҫ֪īеԭԪص׺ѾﵽһԸӵĳ̶ȡȫ㲻Ϥǰ־ȻյЧ
óī𺳲ѡָо·ҵľԣڤڤΪԼ׼һ
īһ־ǰٶȣͬ˲һ
ַ·˲˺ǰգʱͿռдеĸоóīܵʲôٶȡ
ī̲ס𺳵뵽ڲǸոҵľԣӦķѾһࡣ˵ڵۺս֮ǰǿһ
ôأأͨأ¯ʦأ
Ǹʱֻһ
뵽⣬īɻ󣬵żȻӵ˿ֲĴôܻû䣿
һСζģ
óī˼ĵط
ΪڳīȻʮֻɬҲûȫĳ̶Ȱǵŵĵӣ˶־ԣô䣬ʲôǵŵĶ֣
ȴ֪һ£ŵľԣôǵҲ޵ˣ
ȣҪԣҪоѵ츳츳һꡭδܳһ
ˣŵҾԵˣʵģȴûУ
ǧҲֻ޼ʿܽȫѧᣬҪ߾磬ǲܵһ£
ʹеһԣѾ൱˲ĳɾˣ
ΪԵ̫󣬵ȴ̫ڵУһ˵˵ǿ󡢵Ҳһʥ
˵˵ŵʼ桢桢棬֮⣬ţûܽ־硣
ڵĳīϲõСҲ˵һ£Щʱʦָ㣬ǵӵˣЩʱ򡭡ûʦָ㣬Ҳпյһ벻Ч
ڵĳī·;֮ϣȫھԵС
ŵԣȻͬǿƥīǲʺԼġϺ˵ĳһ죬ķһʺϵ˲ţʹȥˡ
Ȼʲôʱ򽫵ŵľԳо͸ˣ˵Ҳͷȥоһ·ŵԡϾƷϣ˫ǶԵȵģֻĸʺ϶ѡ
īΪҲڲϵУٶȣ൱ֲ֮ġ
˵īһɹеôľٶȣԶЩӵԴ彾ӡ
īһ·£һʵѾڵ۷徳磬ʱпܻ̤ڣ
ڶԪҲ÷ǳʵѾżõڶԪ뵽СУȴ뿪̫áΪĵڶԪȻ֧ڻл̫á
ȱǸ·ʱܵһ㵢飬ŵȴǡī뵽УѾֱӽ뵽ĻУ
ңûκˡܴУʶ
ڳīɽɽӵĸµʱ˵š
Ǹͥ
ûеĲư䣬һķʢ
ǰƻֺľ޴ɽţīЩϺж˵Ǿ仰ȥţ˵СΪѡ
ΪֻɽţīԼû취߽ȥ


922 ǵţ
īûм˻ֺɽţɸߣ
ԶȥͲһɽţһֺľ޴Ǳ
ɽŵˣѾƲ㵱УӲԾĴ֡šڰ֡
ܽһƻֺꡢݻµɽŵɣǸϺѾû˵ĵţǸһѾ뿪ʧĵţ
īоԼѽ˵
ɽžһšΣмŵĵط濴ȥܹһƬƬ۴αȵĹϽӳںȺɽĹС
ľһɽ綥
īԭڰзеģھɽŻмĵطѾ䵽ϡ
ǰڵλãһֱɽţľ룬һƬʯ̾͵ľ޴㳡
ӼĹ㳡ֱʡҲ˸еˡ
㳡֮ϣдڴһЩڶսд衣
ԳīĵȺ˸ӶΪīԶˣﲻ
īоԼӶЩˣ˾ʢһɣôŰ֮ϣ鲻飿棬ôšҲмǧԽʿɣ
ʵȴǣŰ֮ϣûйڵŵκμ¼
ܲ
Ϻ˵¼ʿ滥Ƶѣȴûм֪ĵͥںη˵ǧǰԪϵҲƮȻȥ֮žûˡ
һУûаϵ㿴ģ⼸Ĺ㳡ϣ¾мʮ
ûм֪ĵͥ
ݻµɽ֮ϣдššֵĻԿѾȵռڡָνͣ
ī¶ãȻ֮ɫ
ʱͻȻһҲԵģ
ī΢΢һתȥһʮ꣬üĿˡ
ϴЦݣīͷʱ˵ңԶɽ򣬲֪մԺη
Сڣһ֪Сطī˵˵ͷ
ȥӣīشЦݸ࣬˵Ҳոճ꣬ȻѾĳΪɽ綥֮һ
īʱһͣ΢΢鴤˵ʲôطոսꣿ
ʱһȵĿųīôĪǳֲ֪ʲô
īЩĵżȻ·ƻֺľ޴ɽŸˡص￴֡
ԭˣɽŵȷΰĲһ޽ġڵ˵޽һɽţǾţһëˡ˵
İɣʱͻȻһֱӲ廰
īȫתͷȥֻһʮңһۣͷ
ϵĵۣ϶ʱ¶֮ɫֱһףŵǰ
ī΢΢üϣ˿оʿķ緶Ǹоһײ͵ϢͬһɫȱͿӵķ˵κһʿԶˡ
ڣһ˾Ȼö֮ĴŻĵۣ䵱ʲôǰ
ԣīһʩ
˺ĳͷȻīʱüͷأһض𣿡
ʲôأīüͷüˡ
Ϻǣ̵üëһʱҪļ
ʱʱīЦǰѰСطģûʲô档ǸһТ˵ţźۼĵһ
ī֪ǴװʲôȥӦò̫ĶüҪ˵ʲôȴعͷһɫ
ʮȻĽӹҲĶϵıҲ˼֣ĶԳī˵СӣѺѧŵ㣬òҲôô
ٺЦԲ𣬶ԲǰСӵϣһʶ
ˣݾԣǧ鼫Ʒɾ˱ǿһ˵
ʱһ˵ǰǡһǧ鼫Ʒɾһ𣿡
Ƿһǧ飬Ƿݡǧ飡Ц˵һضˣҲһʶͲˣ뻨һǧɾһݾԣֱΣ
ǡûôǮʱһΪѡ
ж٣˵һĨ
ңֻǧ
аɣɣϣ˸˵껰ӹ
ϣʱ¶۵ı飬ҧҪӴָȡɾ
ʱһֱִֻϣī𣺡ֵܣֻһݣңҪ


923 ĸо
ѽѽСӣǰɣСüʱ¶ĹâӴүǰɣүͰѻ򣬸̤㳡һѪ岽
Ŷī϶ʱ¶ֺЦı飺Ѫ岽˵žҪǰȥ
ȴһסȻڳīߵֻһޱǿ󡭡ǧǣȻˣ
ţЦĳⲻǣԲԲѴСţƢ£дǧһʶ
˵ţֱӴȡһݸӡ
ֱӽ򿪣̽һ֮ĵͷȻӳö򣺡ȥɣүãȻĻߺߣ
˵ţŤŷֵԶԶˡ
ֱԶΧ˲Χһʮ˾ŮһֵĿųīôô£֪
һѮҲźӣͷ˵Сӣʢ׳Կ
һѮϴҲųīҡͷôһƤ࣬еɵһѣ
īһ͵ĿΧЩˣͻȻָоǰȺˡôе㲻̫
ˡһīдһ˵
һºЦ⣬ĳȺ˻סȺҲȫĻųīһֱ㳡ȥ
߳ȥʮΧʮķΧûʲôˣͣ¡
⵽ô£īһЦֵܣزʶΪҪ˰ң
ڼҿĸſѣһӣ˵СǮ
īע⵽Ǽ˵Щǿ˵ʱ۾գȻǧ༫Ʒɾ˵治ʲôСǮ˵ӣī֡嵽˿Щɵˡ
ǺǣȻģͷұȻǸӹڵϣһٱһǧɾԭ¡ī˵
ҵĸ硭ŵͬըëèĴһȦظ磬͵ϵˣԺôŻˡĻ˸ģ
īЦҡҡͷãҲ˵⻰˵˵⵽ô£
ųī㳡ϣʱֵ磬̾͹㳡ʯȵʮȣǳ
˵ţû֪ǵһ˵˵ɵˣʵһޱȹɵĴˡӵϵͨ˵ţöȻӸīһö־ԣ
ǰŵｨ˵ţǸʱطԶûнԻ͡ĺܣֻмССĵۣӰӶ˵
īаԵͷ˵
أīʵ֪ŵˣ˭ΪʲôԣոʶɨһۣеľԣԼϵľԣȫһģһ
Ҳ˵ɣþ˫ʥײȥ
ֱû
ŵˣµİ˴ͽʼյӡʱ򣬲ûжǣֱһ̨ӡУ¶֮ɫǰ˴ͽҲֻʮʱ䣬ͽ̳ʮܣ
ʮܣīɫ죺ôܷ
ԳīԴǲҲЩϤСڡķ񣬸һһҲܺڡ
ʮܣֻ˼ʱ䣬͸˾еһ֣ȻΪٶȣֱһǧһʼʲôҲǣһֱڵĴʿֻ˼ʱ䣡ֻ˼갡磬ָо𣿾ӵܣҲٶ˰ɣ
ʱ䡭ʲôǣΪ˷ʿīüͷܵĸо桭ƺһ˿ħζ
Ϊ£Щ콾ҪڼʱʲôǣڡҲûôףҪԴ
ԴģĿǰΪֹīûκһɽϸܵǸʵ
ǰʱ䣡ǵͨ꣬ɳΪڴʿ˵ŵźͰ˴ͽѾ¶ˡܶ˶˵˼ͷȥˡʮܣҲһˡʣµģҲΪֵŵתȻĻ˼Ҳͷ뿪ˡ
īͷȻ˵ȻžͳˣȻǾͿʼԣ
˵ͷˣ
ţī
һĵʵԡֻһӣģܶ涼ĺܣһδһ֡ΪʲôһǮ⡭ͳƬ㳡֮ϣ
īüȻĬĬ֮һƬ㳡󣬳īжʱһݡ


924 ۸

ŵȻƬ޴Ĺ㳡֮£
֣óīޱȵ𺳡
ط˶ֽţ
ҲǰЩʲô˴ͽʮܹ֮ڼ֮ھ̤ڵĸԭ
˽еİֱͨһǿֶΣ뵽ǵ嵱У
Ҳֻôʱͳ˶ǿߡ
ѹָոǸ˵ʲôԣ;̤㳡һѹôˡƬ㳡֮ϣѹŰ֮ϣҲκιڵŵϢ
ԭ
ǵ˽
طѾʲôĵţһаħ
ǣַͨʽǿܹ֮磬Ҳʧȥ˼ߴϣ
飬һͨ˵Ҳĺ°ɣ
ī뵽⣬ЩĬȻֲ֪˵ʲôõĸо
һߵ˵ֵܣһóǧƷɾҲһɣ
ʲô֮ҲʹôࡣЦЩɬ˵ʵɽͿطǾãַͨʽٳɵʿȫûʲôδԡ࡭ҲǷ磬ҪͻƵ޽ɿ¶ܡǣǵ뷨Щ˵ܹ磬ѾⱲȫ顣ԣȻ֪⣬ˡ㿴ˣȻ֮͡
īĬŵ˵ͷ̾ǰ˵еûУַͨʽܹ磬᲻ʲôأһĳһ췢пܾġ
ͷֿܣ˵ʵѾ˲ˡַͨʽһû߳ɽĻᡣܹ뵽磬˵еĻıһء
ī̾ϢңΪʲô˵ʵǧ༫ƷɾӦ㹻ܶˡ
ЩɬЦЦһҸһʣü֮ĪСѣڶҲҪиĺѣȻĻܻ۸ġ飬Ҳʱз۸ģǲΪ档ҿ磬;ôӦǸǿߡ
ҲǸڵʿīЦҡҡͷ۽⣬ȴ鵽˼δ󺺣
ϣʱ¶֮ɫ嶯ϻеǮǻǮƽǧڵһ͸ͻȻĻԺѻȥġ
һͱ۸Ժֻᱻ۸ĸңī˵ȻȺѸٿıδ󺺡
ԶǸڰ֮⣬ĶߣЦСΪ㽻Ǯû𣿸ҸүӲүĹأ֪ط˭
īһ֮⣬ƽǸӵʿ΢΢һݣæͷȥĵСĪһ֣ôŰ֮⡭Ҳע⵽ң
ţӵʿûͣתߡɲǣ浽ԼȥΪǼδ󺺣СǸͷҲԱʰˣ
ΪǼδ󺺣һȫǴڵʿ
ٳɵĴʿ
ʱǼδѾߵ˳īߣһ߽ӽһɣīǰӸµĿųīСӣģ
īһδ󺺣û˵
ͦ᣿δЦһȻһĴ֣ųīԴݺݵĳ˹ﻹɲģӦøһѵ
֡ûڱδ󺺵С
ž
һ졣
Ǽδ󺺵ϣȫ˷ܵЦݣ·𿴼ĴһȵñǿѪĻ档
۸ʲôģо죡
ϵЦݣܿ㽩ȫ¶ŵɫ
ǰһĻ˶ľ
ǱδԼҲסˣΪһֻݵֱ֣ץסƴһƣҲûгȥ
ԼԶһ㡣ī俴һδ󺺣Ȼһ֡
δȻһƨ˵ϣлãȻ֮ɫƺȻûӸոյлع
ҲˣЩ˼ĿųīȻжϲ⼸δ󺺵ľ磬ȴܹԸоǵǿ벻ΪֱƤϵĴ磬Ȼֲֿʵ
Ǽδ󺺵ȫ¶ΣյĹâųīԽϵϢ
ڣ
ڣ
ڣ
ȫǴڵʿ
ϱīεһһڵʿ
£Ѿһ൱˵Ŀ
ڳīֻΪǸоΪīѾȺ˵ϣܵǹɺϢ
ˣһīҲ£
˵ȫɵīоԵţɱնɱǧ
ڵʿȻôΪǿǰϢԲǵˣ
ǸεڵصĴ󺺴ʱҲվڻعһɷı鿴ųīɭȻ˵Сˣ


925 껨
ȻЩŻˣ˸ηĹâЩҿЩڵʿľٶȴīжΪȻڳīߣûȥ
ȶ㿪Զһ㣬ûµġīһ
ѾˣҪһԣ߶µ˵
Сӣ֪µ³ʲô𣿡һδ󺺵Ŀ䵽ϣһ˵һ˺飡첲ιȳҲιȻٰĳӳһȦһȦĲ桭
ۣ
δû˵꣬ѾǸŻһˡ
ʱԶ˶Ѿע⵽ߵĶЩˣȫԶԶĿţ˵УĮ֮ɫ·𼴽飬һϵûС
һˣг˷֮ɫ·˵̫ˣкϷˣ
ֻмˣīĿУżͬ飬ͬ飬Ҳұ¶ʮԡ
īļ򣺡ˣҳҵѣ£㻹ȱˡȥһߴšһͽˡ
ɫ԰ףеĿ־ѾΣȴȻҡͷ
īҡҡͷͻȻһץס죬ֽӳȥһ֣ܶ˵Ԥϡ
Ǽδ󺺣ûǰΪǵĿ꣬ǰˣˣǵעⷶΧ֮ڡ
ֱӱīһӳ֮⣬䵽ǱߵȺУƺҪس塣һסǳ㲻Ҫˣ
ſңҵѣҲۿѶȥᣡ˵
ȥҲϺȵģܴڵʿ𣿡һЦҪ֤֮飬Ҳô֤ģ
ǣȥϺȺûκ塣
ЩˣȫǸոնԳīеͬġīĸ֪Ѿǿһֳĵز֪ӵǱߣЩ˻סġ
󣬳īǰڵʿѾãҪΪˣǰɣ
ΪУ濴Լֻǿ㲻˳ۣҪѵѵ㡣һѾӽ۷ʿۿųī˵ϣѹȻٸһĽѵ
ģóĽѵ
Ҳó
ھʿ֣ųīֱѹ
ò˵һ൱µĳ򣬴ڵ͸̫߳࣡
ٳɵĴʿҲǴڣǴײˣ
ԶΧ۵Щˣ·Ѿ˳īһ㣬Ϊµߣܹȥˡ
飡
һǳƵ죬ȻͼһӰһֻߵķݣֱӸ߸ߵķ
ɳһٶݺݵڹ㳡֮ϣ
ͽĹʯһƬ֮һĴ󹵣
ǸҲֱӻȥ
ţǵڶ
һӰУһʮĻߣݺˤһĹ㳡ʯϣͬһĴ󹵣
һ£ȫˣʧȥ˼ɵɵ룺ףոǸĲѾһôֱһΣ
ΪǵǱʶ棬ͲΪɵĻǱˣ
ôڵʿôܱһڵʿ׵Ļܣ
飡
ֱӰֱͬķɳȥһٶڵϣ㳡ϴƬʯĴ󹵡ƺЩع
ɵġʿ
񡭡
ⲻܣ
ôģ
˶ɵˡ
˿̴Ӹߴ¿ȥԳīΪģһٶĵطһ껨һֳĴ󹵡ÿһ֮ľ룬Ȼͬ൱֮׼
ڵʿҲһĵԣûһܹѹ
㳡֮ϣʱȸ˿īĿ⣬ɲǼ˾ηη壬ԼǿҵԸӵĲ˼飡
ǺԼʵġ
̫ˣڵʿȻһڵ˸ɲǼɡĻ˸ԡ
Ǵӵŵɽߴ¿ῴøӷ
ⲻ֪˿ǸƵĵɽߴķȴѾǾӳ
ͯգһصС죬һٶʱ䣬ǿ뵽Ű˴ͽ֮һ£ʱ䣬Ϊʮ֮һ
Ϊ̫ˣͯҪϣ൱ã˸ɴҲͷˣԸɽһڵΪٻ
˵ֱǹȥζ
ֻͯգͯգѾ壬һϼءײβڵӵϵȨ
˿̣ȴЩˣ
ΪʦүšʼµľӡȻʼˣ
ʦ˵⾯ӡ󣬾ӳ˴ҡҪô˻ţ߸ϵʮ֮һͯգҲ޴Ļʱ
һ統СʱһΣͻӡ޴룡
ݵλˣĶȴҲû䡣


926 ɽű
ͯվھ޴ˮĥĴǰ͸ֵƲ㣬Ź㳡ǵСӰеŭԽԽʢȻҧǷڡֻһڣܴڣȴܴһڣΪʲôҪȻҴҾֱѹԡɱǣ
˵ţͯ૵Ҫڻʦֵھͺˡ
ʮܣɽȻв٣󲿷ֶɢڸֲԼͬʱҲΪյӡ
Щ˲ȫǲǲˣôɽнԼٻԶȥͳԸ֮£ͯʮܵУûʲôҰĵһˡֻԼٻ͹ˡԣҲֻŻ᳤ڵ
ϾѾߵһˣ漶Ĵ
˿ڵ䣬ǵĵʼķ䣡
кͳɾ͸Уͯÿ춼Цѵġ
˾֮ͯҲͲôһҧӷ߳ȻʼһЩ׷ߣһҪǸ˸£þ͵ظɱ
ͯȻ㳡һʲô󣬵ȴףٻһδȫѹء
һκ⣬ôͯҲؽһǧɡ
㳡ͷֺɽŽ£Ѿǿ־һĶҪ
ۿŹ㳡ƻһĶѾᵽɤ۴ҪҪѵǸ֪ߵغˣͲ顣ⳡǵ̫ˣ
ǸܴˣףܴãҲˡ
·һȣ㾹ƻʥĵŹ㳡Сӡˣˡ˭ֻҪɱԵõ㳡ʸֻɱǸˣ
ڰдһȺ½ͯգӵĻ΢΢һ漴¶ϲɫ˵а
仰һ㳡ϵˣĶǸɱġ
ôءѵɱһˣ
һ֮ͯǰŵģʱƽϣ¶˵ЦݡҪǸ˻жҡ
ӵ仰ȷúܶ˶ġвˣī˹ȥ¶εɱ
ԲѣҲΪܹõĻţ
ǸҪǿҪ磡
ɱ㡭ҾܹϸõӣԣԲˣ
ܶﹾţȻһĳī߹
ǱڴţǲôǲԵģӷƭˣ
ϧǣûһЩ֮ǰЩͬīˣ˿Ҳ¶⶯֮ɫ
㳡ɲƵġ˾ֻ֮㳡֮ͣ꣡ÿһ궼ҪǮһʲƵĿڳľųϡòǱǮġ
ԣͣ㳡֮ϣջ֮Ҳ׸ˡ
㳡ϣʿȫųī߾£
һʼǻΡԥɿԽԽ˼֮˿ʼˣҪڱǰ档һ㳡˲ˣ
ಣ
һӰԼٶȣһ㣬ųī߷
ʿ˵ľ룬ʲôԡǼɲǼͷɵīͷ
īһֱվԭûжԽԽԼӵʿϣ¶һĨ֮ɫ
ԭһãƻδеϣЩġϾ˸˵ļͬ˵ҲһõĻᣡ
ڣһ㶼ûиθˡ
ī˵ţ̧ҽţ͵һ壡
˲乵ⷽԲɽеһšһźţ
еһ֮Ƭ㳡׼ȷ˵ǳ󣬷Ĺ
¡¡
ڴʿѾٳīͷҪԳīֵһ˲䣬㳡֮ϣʱһȻ죡
µĴءھҵĻζУʼֵѡ
һϵĴֱӴӵܵвʼɢĹâԼб
пܵĻīĲԸ׻һ󡣵˿ȴް취Լ޷ס
īûԴ󵽾ԼܴӼʮڡڵķΧ֮»
֮ͬʱҲڻ˶չĹ
Ťڲ
īȴеվΪƣΪꡣ
Ϲɽ̲صзĹ
Ϊ˲ٵҲڿʼչ˷ɢһҪЩĵ
Уʿ˵ֱӱ׷ɳȥҵġͼУƷ
ڵݻµľ޴ɽţĵһʱ䣬Ѿʼ˺Ȼ
ͯɫֻʣɥɽŵһ˲䣬ȫûκһڸ˵ȺӦеơֱӷˡ֮ززˡ


927 ӡ
㳡ϵЩˣһɲǣ׷ɳȥУͰǰīӵԵ
վߣĿһĩհĳдһдġ¡֡Ȼûܸ׷ʲô飬Ϊʲôö˶˵ģͻȻͱӣ
˵ǹҲģǵŵҲ̫˰ɣ
ڲϵţΪֳѹѹȵ
߻в٣Ǵ˿ϵıҲࡣȫ׵׷ʲô
ôö˶˵ġͱӣ
ֱǻֺɽŵʶʲô̲סˡŷˣ˸߸ˣԺǽȥδӰ
ǰҡҽôǮŸոꡭ
Ѿܾ˺Ҳ˰갡
վһԣϵıܹ죬仰ôһ죡һǳļ۸񣡡
ǸӴʱ˿Ѿɵˣͯһ֮ززȴһס˭ӣ㲻ܣ
ӶʱŵûɢҪģȴһ仰˵ڡ
ΪǸˣѾǰۿ
ҡҡĿ࣬³һš
ܹԤʱ˿̷飬ôļһݺݳʮ⡭һٸҲ֮ǰЩٶ
һֱڣӵǱģҲ˼Ҫѵһ𡭡Ŷˡ
ī̧֣ݺһƳӵһֱε
޴ƥѾأʼڰա
гŰ嫵γһĴ
еĵȻΣȴ൱ֲĹϵķ񹥻󡣴в鲻ݵ˼
Щ֮ǰΧīʿѾ˵ˣûлˡΪīλãҲǿĵط
˳ī֮⣬ûֵܵסطŵıŰϢ
īʱʼеġԡ󡱡Сһ
־湲־Ӧ־Ϣ־ʱռ䡣
Իһ𣬱γһɺ嫵ϢֱӹأģǹɱŰϢҲ
־ʱռʼãϵķӡ
Щʱ򣬲òϣŵȷţ
ôʱ䣬뵽ĸһ𣬲һļԦǡĲһܹġ
ЩʵīԾԵ̶ȣʵڷǳĺܡвӡ
īзˮͨ
ڷˮͨĲϹ֮£һƣӦԵľˣܵУ˱
¡¡
󣬴Ӱֵȥ
ص޷޴ص֮󣬽ԭλҳһľ޴ӣ
Уīһ˫ַӡ
ս׷ӡסе𺳺̾Ȼޱȵǿҡ
ԭīͲԸƻҲǱƵģǲѶΪֶ֮Ρû뵽ǣȻǿ˳̶ȣ
ɵĿֲôãȴʼˮò˵Ǳˣīȴ󲢲Ǳˣļ⣡
Ϊ֮ңԶǼʼĹͨΪսҲûи̫ԴʱܹѾ޶ȡ
ıӦҲһұ
˵ǳīþԷӡĪ˵ԼӡԼ
һУīһ
ϱ˶ֽţҲȫĨˣԺҲϵİѸٵԼˡѾӡҪʱԴɽЩܳܵġȻͨ磬ҲЩԴ
˵ƭǮαšǳ׵ıˡ
ֶһУī⡣һΣҲһὫαŸ߸
ıܶʿīԴˣֻܱʾΡ
·ʺˣݾֶãԶ
īӣķ򣬾Էȥ
ߣ˿Ѿһ˶ûˣЩҴߡȫ޲ܵȣܵĸ㡣
īֻƻ㳡ϵһʯôܻǴڲ㳡Ҳ߸ţ˭òͷˣ鷳
硣СĿųīҸոաûʲô˼
īȻʧЦ֪һָȻԵӣ˵Ҫ֮ǰ̵ɾʮٱ³
СĵĵҡҿɲԲҪ
УīȻ˵Ҫ鷳ҾͲι˵ţýӣҹװˣ


928 ͦǮ
ԸȫٶವһȻԼٶȹڳīǰʹүүҴˣ֪ˣɱңаʮĸĶӣһȺҪҪˣǾͶ˰
ӣȻûסжıӣ˵ҿ㶼ü˰ɣаʮĸף
ôϣҲʮ겻һ߰һСĹ۲ųīı顣Щǣµϣκα
ӶŴȡ֮ǰһ۵ĵݸҴˡ֮ǰͲõλүءʲôûˣλүһ·Ұɡ
һ۳īī˵Ű
Žӹ϶ʱ¶ϲı顣
ī̲ס˸ۣ˵ûӡӹ֮󣬳īЦЦĿһӣˣ
СġСѾλүĲﶼ»ȥ˰СֻһʱϣҲġء˵ţ۽ǻеġ
öЩˣī˵ˣһƵĶαظһʶ
īȴͻȻ֣ݺһӵţһ΢ĹֳִӵһѪ
ҿī˵
硭һ̡
īһ̤·ûɱˣ
ɱˣ¶־֮ɫҡͷ֣ûûУûУСﶼûɱ
ǽһѵĻᣬȥɱ˰ɡīһָӣ
ҡ磬Ҳҡɫʱǵͨ죬ޱΪѵĿųīȻɺޣҲﲻɣ
ﲻīǺһЦ֪ȺΪʲôҪΧ𣿡
ǣָʹġ˵
ֻǵСûɵҡī˵
Ŀųī
ī˵֪ҲЩ˵Ķ֣ĺ
ӴԺ󡭡ᱻ۸ɣЩȷ˵
ӴԺ󣿡īҡҡͷдӴԺǻֱӷϵңȻӳȥɱһӰ٣ɱ𣿡
ųīͷҡˡ
ִˣһ仰㳡֮˶ҽΧǺǣҵʵһ㣬ôҿʣ˵𣿡ī˵
ǣͷ亹죬־ԼոյΪеԲ硣ûվȥ⡣
ԣȥɱ˰ɡīɱʵܼ򵥵ģһ̽ĵڶԪȻٰԴ
Żīû˵꣬ǱһŻ
ǸֳִӣѾŵÿҪɢˡﰧҴˡҪɱңҪɱҰԸеĲƲóֻλүһΰɡԲ𡭡֪ˡ
˵ţֱӴöָҲƣߵīǰүѾ⼸ȫĻˣҶҰɡ
ʹ˵ţ߶µĵöָȻһı顣
īһۣϻöָ֮Ի㣬Ϊһ飬ھɱ㡣ٸҲʲôۣɱ㣡
ӷһĿ޺Ȼʣöָһ˳һΡһ޿ģ
ָķӡһ㶼ǿīĨȥȻʶɨöָȻī˾޴ĲƸҲɱһöָļƷɾаϣ
Ǯɽ磬ѾһʾĲƸˣ
õ磬ҲһʺܴĲƸܶ˶ݡ
ī죬ЦͦǮ
һֱƹܵŵĲ񡭡һľȻĻشһʲƸʧҪС˵ڱ𴦻һĺ֣Ա֤һʳǡЩʲƸǾţһë
īֽһöָӸԼװʮҵļƷɾ
ġī˵
ʶɨһ۴ָĶŵһûסӰһڵϣȻָæҵĵҡҲҪ̫ˣ
ֲҵġīЦҲǸ˵ˣ㸶ģһʮٱ³
һƵվһԣؿڵʹ۵ġȴġ
ΪѵĿųīī˵Ȼһ磬⵱ģҪʾУǰɣȻɾҵģ͵Ǵļˣ
Ǻùأ
ôô£
ǡ
ٿǾʹ㣡



929 
һ޿ӿĿɿڴͲֻ꣬ġɽһĻȻָо·ȥǼꡭ׻ˡ
ûһѾ˼Ϲʲôʮ裿軹ţͼˡﶼֹʮꡣӵһȺʮСˣ
ҲƴǮĿġȻĻݣʲôЩƯŮӣ
ۿ˰죬Ǳߵս˳īġڵѪһĵλүڿԷ뿪𣿡
֪ľֻгīһȻҲϣĿȻҪһԼ䡣
һҪ㡣īһӣŵ飬֪ģϸ׵ĸҽһ飡ǹǿɽʼ飬֪˵١ҪǸа
īûн˵ϱһɱ⣬һԵһ
аʲôãԸ̫ǿơ̫ԵˣҶҪɱˡɱɱġ˼ô
ӵ΢΢һݣȻûжٸ飬ȴλʼǿԼһҪǱ֪Լɽ磬磬Ҳְ취Լʧ
īԥʱЦԲ˵Ǿȥ
ң˵˵ŵֱ£ɷĿ־嵽˼¡һ룬ʼ潫޵ˡ϶ǶˣԼС˼ҿ¶ϡ
ӱ㽫Լʼǰ˴ͽʮܸһɶ
ΪڵеĵλҲ֪ͣԶֵ;˵öࡣһ˵ʱ㳡һЩܣ֪
ʼ浱˵ҵŵĸκ˶󣬾ǶҵŵĵҪԷģгһգ𣬲ұǿҵʱͿռʱһҪסԽԶԽáΪޱȿֲ飬С
īжʱһԭΪλαŵʼ棬һֶǿʿҲδػ̫ļʶƺԷĵ̿±ԼĻҪܶ࣡
ӻ˼ǵλʼ֪ãȴƫƫֶΣеٳͽݵֶΣһӵеġ
Ժ磬ԼҪһˡ
ī뵽Ȼ̲סЦһӣˣ߰ɣԺҪҼ㡣
ϷˣЩŵĿųīû뵽Լô򵥾ͱͷˡ
ϴٷߣīһĮȻĿӡ
ǣǣӳųī˸ͷȻվѸʧ˵ߵС
ʱ򣬳īĿתֵܣҲˣסһ仰ϣûаΪطܹڣҲˣһȺڵʿһ֮С
̫Եĵ
˵ֻһ¡īһ˵츳޷ĵģĶǸĸģģ޷ѡ񡣵ŬȴͬԼ÷ǳ㡣ѾдɾֻҪоôţһ죬ҲһԿԼΪǿߡ
ĬһᣬȻͷ̻ⷬ壬Ҽסˣ
īϣȡһСӣݸʶһû̫㣬һƪķӦñȽʺԸϣԺڸߵ㡣
Ҫ𣿡¶ֲ֮ɫ
Ȼʶʱǳ̣֮ѽī֪ѣֻҪߣͻǳģرаȫСҪֱгᡣûпⱾĲӡ
īЦ˵绹кܶҪǸӺҪѧǿ̲ס뵽ԼҲôĲԸԷֱ𣬵ȴ
ҡҺܼǿЩ˵ֻЩġ
ˣˣԺī˵ţڰ֣һ˲ʧյС
硭Ȧһ죬ˮ૵ټ
īܿͳ˼֮⣬뵽Щɵˣ̲סҡͷʧЦɽܳʿҲһˡԼ߰ǻᣬҲûôҲ֪ļ嵽ôģֱһӸӲһ
£Գī˵еһСƬΡǱСӣҲĳλһѰķ
Ѱķ˵ʵѾǶķˣ
ԳīҲ뵽ԼĲһٶڽͳһǿ
ŵ飬Ѿݸһ䡣˵ʲôģī붼û
ڽȥˣ
Լϱʦ


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ŰϣȴΪһɽϢٴ˲СĲ
صķʥϿգͻȻһĿռӰա֪ʲô顣
Ϣһ˿뵽̫ණЩԷ˽˿ȴͬһ㣬ֱ𺳵Ŀɿڴ
ʥأҴĵط
ΪʲôΪЩƬ֮ϣ
ȻǵȥˣһҲԽѹȻ߲Ƭŵľ
εȴǣеٷʥأôֻҪһԽѹˡôӰڷʥصϿաΪʲô
ʲôĴڣ˶Ĵͬʱ֣
֪ܵЩˣȫ𺳲ѣͬʱڣ̸£ҲԼߵȥ̸ۡ
󣬵ߵϢҲ˷Ű֮ϡ
յʥأǰһǿ½һɣͬҲеšӰΪȴյĵŴྶͥǵһЩֶΣƺа̵Ӱ棬ҪôҲǸħйءΪʿݡӵٶȣȴƺһЩĶ廹Ҫ죡û֪ԭɽ̽󣬸һۣٳɵʿûκε֮ҲûȥעǸʲôšɣȴǰһ˵ǹƥˡ
󣬷Ϣλɽʿ˵Ҳô£˵ȴֳĸоа͸ñݺݴ
˵ǰڷŵϢŰ𶯵ЩУôŵϢ𶯵ġȴɽʿ
ű˸ˣĺãͿǸɲ˳ˣֱһ̨Ƶɣͷ춼ܹΪʲôʮܣֱǺ֣
£֪λܣôƢһ˾͸ˣ
ͬʱҲкܶɢɽأйصˣ֪Ϣ֮󣬲Ȼŭ
ʮܲûȫ磬֮ǰ˵Щ˵Укܶٳɵʿ֮󣬸ûһ٣ûһԿֶΡԸɴ뷨һɽеλĸ̣
һУȴǵŸǵģ뿪˵ţûǸƭ˵ƣǾһǿΪȴ޹ȥַ⣡
ˣЩ˶Ի˵ŵǸˣֱʹ޵˹档
һҪҵǸ˵ŵˣҵ
ֻããɽ磬Ҫҵһˣ̸ף˵ЩŵʿȻһӵżߵΪǵ֪ʶɽЩԪӤʿ
ԣһЩȻųҪҵǸ֣֮жġȴǼ١
棬Ҳ⡣
Ǹ⣡
һ۷ʿҲɽҵӵܡ
˵ɽң֪ˣʶɫȻȻСҺҵ٩
üһɽʿַӦһ壬ȻͨС塣ʵϣɽķңһȻ
ɽʯ壬ҲɽĻʯ塣
ӼΪʱҾʹɽ磬д˵
Ȼ˵ûܹ֤ʵĿǰļ壬ȴǧȷһ£
ֻĵţ֮һֱûܵʲôΣҲ޹ϵ֪ϵˣԸȥǷȻ˵ڷԭû̫ĵλվǷҵĵճӵܡվѾһ۷ʿ
ɲЩС죬ûʲôõķûʲôõĹҲûκιӲĸΪҵĵճӵܣСܵĽӵеԴѰģ
ŵĿģҲΪԼΪõٳɡʵϣŵʱ򣬾ѾǴڵʿˣ
ʱսʦӵзΪ˴ͽ֮һ޹⡭ҲδĶ֣
ڷңǵճȴûκμ̳Ȩļ綼ˣҲ䲻ƫƫһҰļˣƽӹһӡպ磬ҲֻһͨķӵܡҪıȡ棬Ҫøߵĵλ
ԣʱĿ⣬Ͷ˸ոսûжõĵšʵȫҪ¶ݣѾɵĳΪʮ֮һˡ
ЩһֱڿȻᣬڡʼˣ˴ͽҲ̷ˡʮܡҲһ뿪ɽ硣
ʣµЩȫ޴־֮˵ڵŵʮ֮һͯգڷ㿴ǾһصصķƨǵĶ
ֵÿֳ棬ЩԽܣպƿصžԽ򵥡
ֻûü֣ͻȻųױϢ
÷˶ҪˣʼԼڵŵߣ顣


931 
ű٣ڳ׶˷ϣԺôõĻᣬҲˡ
ָо÷㼸ҪеŭѾӽʧȥǵĵز
һ۷ʿŭǺܿµһ顣
һ֪ɽСӵܣӪҩ⣬б֡Ǹ˵ŵˣѣ
£ǸӦ֪ıȽ϶࣬ƺǸеĲƲ
⣬ǸֵĸΪ൱˵ãƺáҽ÷ӡˡǵطǺȥ޷ˡ
ǷЩ߸Ϣÿһ÷Ҫŭĳ嶯ֱץסץסǸӣ͵ҵǰ
ҹӵɽ磬ּͬһ㣬һĹá
ԣʮ֮Ǹӣ˫˫ı͵˷ǰ
㣬俴ǰòӢȥӺСˡ
Ҳ͵͵ŷ㣬ǰ۾֪Լϱ͵Ƶģһ֮ɫĺȳƣһ
·ϣѾ֪˭õķҹӣɽĴ
֮ǰ֪Լεˣڻؼҵ·Ͼͱ˷˲ˡ˵ҵλӣȻҲʮ֮һ
һӾ׹Էıˣ֮죬ͻȻ
ǣҾ֪ץΪʲôǿԼ侲뱻˼ҿ𣬲˿Լһ档ԣֱŷ۾ƺҸ֮䣬ûʲôԹɣ
ûԹôһЦЦУƺѪȣûԹĻҷ㻹ΪһС˵ɡ
˵˵ʲôŷ㣬һ⡣
˵˵λѣôˡҵĵţ˵仰ʱѾҧгݣУɱ磺У˵˵һЩϢ磬ʲô֣磬ôҵϢҸе⣬ôҲɱ㣬˵һʹ㣬һĸ󣡡
үүңҿ˵СлҪ˵û뵽صô׾ٵı˷֪ץ˭֮Ӿŵû겻塣Ϊǳλү־򣬸һɽȫչֵġҲҪͶ뵽£ϧ˼ȫ
㿴һӣ˫΢΢һУͷ˵˵
ǸˡǸˡ֧˰죬ͻȻ䷢֣Ǹˣһ˽ⶼûУ
ţɫ΢΢һ䣺ǲң
ûСûУүҸͰӼеĵСֻ֪ǸֽгСڣϢ˵СˣҲ֪Ϊ·ʱ䡭̫ˣСȥšΪµİ
㿴һ𣿡
벻ӾȻİһѣʱͷȻѣϢȷһ֪
ӲҪʵ޲ж˿źáʱһϵƣ˭ܲˡֻ໥໥ӡ֤Ŭ֤ԼǸ˵ȷһ֪
֮¶º͵Цݣ˵Ȼˡ
һϲ˵Ǵӵܣǽ
Ǿȥɣ˵ţָһ㣬һâӵüġ
ۣ
һѪ⣬ӵüųţɫԽʳ
һ˫۾ɵϴĵĻûü˵ڣֱӱɱ
䣡
ӵĵֱѿڶԪСֻӴܡ
һΣȴûٴγ֣ĵһǲԸԼ֣
һԱŵüֱԴҪըһš
΢΢һЦڣԸ˵㿴Һʴȵģô˵ӶǵŵĵӣҸһĻᣬǹ֮ͬ顣
˵ţñ㲻һ㻹ǵŵĵӣ㲻֪Ķ˵ĻôҾԻɢԶʧϡԣһѵˣǱȫԼԼѡɡ
˵ţּһ䣺ʶһѶѡ
һ־Ŀŷ㣬߶µĵĶǸûκ˽⡭֮⣬ʲô֪ңҲһȥûдһߵ˼ʲôʱ򣬻ܼ棬˵˵ԺԵľôడ
㲻ʵԼ̾˿Ȼˣȥɡ
˵ţ̧֣Ҫָ
һ۷ĴʿҪɱһСʿֱѴ֮
ʱһදȻ𣺡㣬ʲô
ʱͬ˹һ㣬һ£һ䣬˲䳹ڻ
Ŀɿڴע£ֱӱһףЦӯӯתͷȥͼͼôˣ


932 ˾ͼͼ¶
˾ͼͼüͷŷ㣬ȻֿڵѾȥǸְֳӣ¶һ˿֮ɫôѿҲɱ
ԭгƯŮһ仰ȥʲô߼ɱ˻÷ֺÿѿ
㿴һ۵ڵѾӲӣЦ˵Ϊһ̫ѿˣӰɽƽ࣬ɱˡ
˵Ѱɡ˾ͼͼ֣ߵǰһۣιʲô
Ŀ˾ͼͼľٶû˿ķԡ
ҽ
Ǹѣ˵гСڣ˾ͼͼһ˫۾ţŷ㣬֮ɫ
ͷǣ˵гСڡ
ƭӣ˾ͼͼһţ϶
ʲô˼ͼͼʶǸˣ˲ɭжǸСڼֱ֮ǡûгСڽһ£Ҫ꣬ܽų׵ƿԼС
ʱԼķŵĵоһ֣磬Ҳһɿµ
һѺõһũһֵӳãǲһģũֻ⣬ȴݺὭ
һѷϵһũ־ˣ࿴һۣڸֵУȻܷӳֲʵȻݺὭ
㲻һѺõΪԼһ֣һԽŵ󻯵ĸ֣
ŵЩΪٳɵӵܣҲʲôӢö˵طȴԱȾӢмֵΪǱۣӢȡ֮
㻹ָţΪ뢡һУȴǸСڸӲĻˡ
ʲôƨСڣǸһһһⶼûеļ֣
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ͨ飬ϵ൱Ī档˾ͼͼҲǴӺСʱʶˣ֮ùϵҪã
ϾִУ֮䣬Ҳܻľ𡣷ˡܹϵ׽
һҪ˶ףȴ⵽˷˾ͼͼ˵ĹܾͬΪֻ֮飬Ҳϲֹϵϵı˷ޡô֮δػôг
һֱڣҺ˾ҵ˶֪˵ĹϵҲ֪˾ͼͼǷĽ֮һ˭ҪǸҶ˾ͼͼһ£϶һȥƴ
ʶҵȻʶճ˻ңҶһϳ˾ͼͼֵ˵
ַһ޿Ŀ˾ͼͼָ㡭ͼͼϲǸˣ
ѽ㣬˵˵ʲôأôϲǸ쵰˾ͼͼ΢죬ѡ
ˡƤ˵ǴСһ𳤴һ˽ôĸˡӦģɻҶʶѽİ
˾ͼͼа
˭
㰡
ֱӷ˸ۣȻɨһʱһĵϽﰭۣɱŶ
һЩѵվ壬Ȼڱӡ״̬ءʱߣʲôʱ
ȵȡлҪ㡣˾ͼͼסȻ˵Уķӡû⿪ߵȥ
˵ߵҲǿɣ⻰վ
˾ͼͼߵǰһսеĽƽ⿪
һԿǳ˳飬ĵáԽԽǿˣƺܿͿԷ˰ɣ
ĽƱ⿪Ѫ֮ͨ˵ľҲ˺ܶ࣬˾ͼͼһлС֮
˿ôСôѵģ˾ͼͼ˵ûκι˼ɣҲĵлżɽʵ
϶ʱ¶֮ɫȴСʵҡ֪ǳл𣿡
˾ͼͼ˸ۣΣΣ
ѵĻҡҿԶ˵㣬Ҷ֪Ҳ١˵
Ҫǵأ˾ͼͼ۾
Ҫǵ˵ĻǣҾͲ˵ˡСĿһǱߵķ㡣
ֱӱˣСزܽҲǳʶˡ
˾ͼͼûЦ룬˵ҸȲѣҲˣšҲֹϵɡ
Ҳ̲ס󷭰ۣ˵ʲôϵ
ԳСڵЩ˽⣬Ҳʵûʲô˵ġֱ׶ΣСһķǼ²˵֮⣬飬ȫ˵
ǣīľ˾ͼͼ˵һ顣
δˣ˵ǵǸ۸ȣΪʲôݱ䵽ǸزĲ֪ˣҲû˵
֮ǰ֪ģҲǸţڲ֪ľɶݺݵĿһӵʬ壬ҧ֪ҿ϶ŹĵڶԪ²ķ


933 Ĺø
ˣô󣬿žͱŤ߰ɡ˾ͼͼ˵꣬תߡ
һ£׷ȥͼͼ˵˵ǳС֮䵽ʲôϵ
㣡
УҪңҾȥɱ
Ǿɱȥû㣬ҶĶ֡

ĿɿڴĿ˵ӰʧУһ㵣ţָˡϸ룬ƺЩˣǸ˾ͼͼ϶ǳѣȻĻԷӡ϶ķŹ
絽ʲôˣ̫ˣţתҲ뿪
Ǳߡ
˾ͼͼվڷǰŷ㣬Ҳ˵ɣôĻǵķǸСӣΪʲô
˾ͼͼЦЦΪ˾㡣
ң̲סЦҵĺãΪǸСںܰô
˾ͼͼ̾˿㲻֪ʵݡ
ҰһԼųСʮֲָоԼãҪԼһ÷Ƶġ
϶Щʹģܾûᱻ˸ƭˡ
гī˾ͼͼ̾һŷ㣺˵𣿡
īôôϤأͷɫ䣺˵гīǸī
ǰǸī˾ͼͼ˵
ϵıǳʣ˾ͼͼã̾ϢôʶǸˣ
㻹ǵ֮ǰҸ˵ڻǸǸһȶûеһ˾ͼͼ˵
ǵã˵Ǹ˵սǿ󵽱̬һԵ˺õ졣˵ǳīɣ
˾ͼͼ˵ڵõǷݻԵ˵Ҳĸʦû˵£ԼֲɵӣܸоʦĹġ
ʦ˵ǻǸסŮӣ¶֮ɫֲһ䣺ǸжֵŮˣ
ԡ˾ͼͼͷ棬ʵĳÿһӵ൱õ츳ԵȫǿīǸ̶ȵģûй
Ȼ¶ɬЦݣ㲻ѣҲûκλġֻһɽͨʿ綼ȥˣʲôʸ棿
ŷЩʧģ˾ͼͼЩ̣˵ҲûģģʦңѪֶģȸġԼܹġɳʲôȴԼ
Ц㳤ˣǰɲο˵ġ
ǰ˾ͼͼŷ㣺ʵ֣Ѿ콾˰Щӵܣ䣬Ҳ硣Ҵǡı˵˦Ǽְ
ʲôã˼һʮᣬֱӾƵҵв֡Ц
ô˵ģˡҲ˵ǸòҪȥմŵıһľ޴Ǹŵʼ棬˵Ѿ硣ĲֳɹſԼеĻ㵱ǸܷŹ㣿˾ͼͼŷ㣬Ȱ˵
ˣ˵ЩҲûʲôˡѾҷˡʼǺޣҲ޲ͷҲһ˰ɡЩ˵ҿܻᾡɽ뿪ɽ磬Դӵű𣬼߶ҵ̬Ҳ
ߣǼ壬ûһζꡭ
˾ͼͼ˵˵֣ϽݺݵһۣǼ£
ôˣô쵰ѵͲ˵ˣֲǣ˾ͼͼЦ
Ц㲻ǣ°ƨˣô죿
˾ͼͼ̬˵Ǽҵ£Ҳöʣ˵ùòѾ˵Ҳĺ棬Ǹɷ֮ߣ˶Ϊˣû뵽ȻˣҲһʵͻƣʵ㣬ӦǸѧϰһ£˼ҲûѪûʲôرǿ츳ݹɽ磬м˸˵Ǹǿ
ǸǸ˵ģҹø㿴һ˾ͼͼôҸҹøȣľǿߡ
ϣһһøôͬ£˾ͼͼЩ˷ܵĿŷ㣺ҶùúǸ֮ĸ飬һֱòˣǲһԶ
ǰǵȷһԶûʲôܰǲ𿪡£ҼʼվûɿڹҽøΪϿ
˵˵ǸˡȿȣøôùýߵģңùòֻʣһƲлô˵˿ǣùѾ׻ָ˰˾ͼͼһĿŷ㡣


934 պسʥ
ҡҡͷҹùãֱӴҡȿȡ˵е㶪ˣ徹ȻûһסҹøġҿҹøЩԸƺƽ˲٣ûֱӳɱˡȻҼҵѪɺӡ
˵⻰ʱ򣬷Ͽκβ˵Щֻģ
˾ͼͼҲֻͦģ˵Щ쵰ӦñݺݽѵЩɱҲΪ
ҹøֱӴ̨ҹùõߡȻһ̨ȥ̫ϳϡǵֳҹùǸϼһһƳɣֱӸˡһı飬һᣬ˵ôҹùûָģĲֻ֪֪ӦһֱæҵЩҹøء
˾ͼͼ˵һΪЩ飬ҲĸԸΪκ飡
ҾͿ԰㿴˾ͼͼ˭۸㣬Ҳô
㰡㲻һ˾ͼͼŷ㣺ϲ𣿡
Ȼϲ
㰮𣿡
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ǲˣҲ㵱ġ˾ͼͼЦеĵˣ֪Ǹһˣҵ취ҵ
ĿеǸˡЩʧĵ
㹻˰б飬ʦн˾ͼͼ룬Ȼŷ˵ʵ磬˵ﻰ𲻸˰һֱҸ˵㲻ġ
ʲôֱ˵ǣһҪҴţһӿ˾ͼͼ
ǺðɣҸ˵ɡʦңʵȫΪī˾ͼͼ˵
˵˰ɣЦ
һû˵ء˾ͼͼһ۷㣺ʦңǰҵɳīġԺܹЭȥһЩ飬˵ˡ˾ͼͼԺֻǳīߵһСѾߣ𣿡
һ˫۾ɵϴһڶҵı顣
˾ͼͼ죬̾һʼҲΪʦҪҼ޸ī滹ϴԸ⣬ƾʲôҪ޸һϲ˰ǿôˣ˧ôˣ˺ôˣֲϲ
˵úã˵ֽı顣
˾ͼͼεһЦɵҲףʦûǸ˼УҸûκʸ񡭡ΪīŮˡ
ֱдʱŭʦôʲô鶼ܣôʦ𣿡
Щ飬ô򵥣һֱʦߣ֪˺ܶ飬Щû취˵ôϸô˵ʦʵһ㶼ûпš˾ͼͼ֮ǰһЩ̫ģʱ䣬һЩ飬ԼҿһЩ顭ˣܹΪߵһСѾߣʵѾһˣ
㡭˰ɣһֵĿ˾ͼͼǲӻˣ
û˾ͼͼ˷һۣ㣬һĴУ㣬ҪΪ׷ߣԸ𣿡
׷ʲôʵ˵ˣǾߵūͣź˵ģҪʱ򣬻ҪΪȥ
ֻ׷ȥƺеһЩˡʡҶǶġ
ҡҿܻῼǰɡЩ˵
Ͼֻһڵɽʿ棬д޽ɣɣЩ磬֮ϡǵ
˵ԼţȴûԼгһգܹ̤뵽Ǹλðľ硣
أ˾ͼͼʡ
ǻʲô𡭡ٳɾ͵֮·Ⱑһλشޱʹɴࡣ
öˣ˾ͼͼʵ
ˣڿЦ㿴˾ͼͼ𰡣ܳΪūͣǼֱңôöˣҵ졭ܸߣֱζ飡ڻ𣿡
϶С˾ͼͼ˵ŵǸˣԺĳɾͣᳬԽأôѡ񣿡
ⲻܣһɴ˵ܣ𶼿ˣôֳܳԽˣ
ء˾ͼͼ˵
ʱЩӦˣ˾ͼͼǿһС׳գ˼ǡǸīԺĳɾͣᳬԽɣ
ʦ˵ǵġ˾ͼͼ˵
̲סЦЦỨˣҵĺãмѭ·ߡ仰ѵû˵𣿾ʦ˵ԺܹɾҶţ˵Խ𣬹Խġʲô
˵磬еۻʡǸ磬ʥˡ˾ͼͼŷ㵭˵ʦ˵īպسʥ
ЦȻֹĿɿڴĿ˾ͼͼЦݽϣ˵ġģ
˾ͼͼ̾ĿУ׵ˣС۸ң㶼Щ׼ٰæĸǰͷһȥԣ棬ҵĸĸ׵˾㡣֪ĺǿҲҵѴҽ˵ô࣬ѾΥʦЩ飬һֶ͸¶ġ


935 
ôƾʲôƶÿ궼Ȼûа취˾ͼͼ˵Ͼȷ̫ˡ
ҼȻô˵ȻݵģǸݡĲܸ˵˾ͼͼ˵ţԺǰЩӣʦһĻ档
ҿԽ޾ǺӶĿľҪɱ㣡
Ǹƥˣֳһ˳ǹӵŸ޵еϢ
˾ͼͼֻһǸ棬ͻȻͷʹѼҪĳ嶯·һ޿ƥеɱǻ͸ֻһƣͿ˾ͼͼɢ
ؼʱ̻ʦ֣ܴͷβĿǶλ档
ǻУǸ˼ֱǿȫ޷ţǿ˷ָ
˾ͼͼóǸᣬֻ˼ǧϹֱ˵ӡ
ôһˣսȴ˾ͼͼȥ붼ȫ޷뵽ǿ
ʦǸˣһ
˾ͼͼ˶Ҫˣŵģ
ڿǻʱȻѾ뵽Ǹ˿϶ޱǿ󡣵ȴô벻˻һ
ѵϣ𣿡˾ͼͼʦǸصŮ
ʦЦЦ˵ȻУҲ١𣬲磡
˾ͼͼıŴˣҲˡ˴˺ܾãŻعʱ뵽һ⡣
ΪǸֲ𡭡ˣ
˵ˣǳīǸضǿķšͬоȻλķ
֮ǰսУڽ罵͵īͬʱҲֻܸīƾУ
˾ͼͼָоǸôȥܿܲǳīĶ֣
˾ͼͼɵĳԶ֪ǸǴǿǿҵԸӣ
īȻǿ̶ֳˣ
ȥΪľܵͣû취ʩչ̫ǿսκ˿һ޽ϵĴʿܹѹ˳ī
ԣ˾ͼͼûвīʵսͬʿ˵ζʲôˣīȻŸȼʵ
˿·磡
˾ͼͼޱ𺳵ͬʱҲһԥܾõľһλعɽ֮СȻĻʱ䣬Ӧûڻġ
˼ǣ㿴˾ͼͼ
ҵ˼ǣֻܳɳ𣬵Ӧǲᶪˡ˾ͼͼŷ㣬һ˵
㲢֪˾ͼͼһĵĻ棬ȴʶģԸ˾ͼͼ
Ϊ֪˾ͼͼԶẦ
Ҫ־Է˵Ҳһѵѡ
վһڵɽ綥ʿЩǿʿ˵־Ȼ㲻ʲôɽ磬ڡȴվ۷һˡ
īĿǰΪֹڻӵҲٴ¡վֻһڵʿ
ҪһڵʿΪһʿ׷ߣǴȥû˻šܶ˻ЦΪֻз˵˲Żôɡ
㵱Ȼûз裬ǵĺܣԶһҪǵöࡣԣĿǰǰģѡ
һܾ˾ͼͼ飬ȻûзĻȫõκ˻ᳰЦֻҪһʱ䣬ҸʵĻᣬ׼Ȼ硣ɽеķ׷ţȫԺ
Ƿ츲أҺθɣ
⡣Ҳ£Ӧѡ
ڶӦ˾ͼͼΪһʿ׷ߡȻһȥҪĳЦ̺Ͳ⣬Ŀ⣬ܳʱ䶼õ⡣
ǷˣҲʲôı䡣Ϊ϶Ҫȳīȷģ
⻹ʲôǸīһôɽű㸲ĶԹ϶ҪһݡѾĵʼ϶ͽ
ȻǳīеЩѾ˵ĳҡ뵽Щ۵ĸоΪһ׾ٵĽ
ôһƺûκѡڶ·ƫƫģ㲻֪ΪʲôȻġ˾ͼͼԳīЩۣȫпܱʵ
һ죬īĳɳΪǿߣôǸʱ򣬸ߵκһˣ˵϶£
⣬ķ˵ֱһջ
ĺܶģ
㣬Ҵʲô˻ʿȻĻ˭ӹ֣һ仰Ҿúе˾ͼͼŷ㣺ѧúգң
һ仰ľܡ
û˾ͼͼŷ㣺أ
ԡȷҵͷ˼ҾһҪңǸ֮󣬷㷴Щûʧ
˾ͼͼϣ¶һĨЦݣô˵ǸһҡҲЩģţӦġȻĻƴ罨ǸƮ칬ʲô
ô˵Ʈ칬֮󣬾ͳײŲأȻû취磬ⲻȫ˽ŰЩϢΪвܹѪӵܡУȻ˸õġ
˾ͼͼ˵ŲʣΪԼԵʣ۵Ⱥѡ
һô˲


936 Ů
Ǹˣʱȴǧ֮⡣
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žīķˮͨҲǿÿʩչȻҪȹȥ˺ܶ౶ЧȴҲ൱˵ĺã
īһ·ߣһֱѰ׼ȷλáΪ֮£ѰѶȣҪѰħѶСϺܶࡣ
ǲ֪ΪʲôƺһֱڸٵƶСʾһֱܰȫīΪ׷ɱˡ
ֱ⼸죬īŪף˼׷ɱֻ꣬׷ɱˣ
ī˿յļط˴򶷹ĺۼӼҴߵĿУīڸʲô
ȻڰԼ׷ɱЩɽеĵˣ
겻ϰɱģȻǳīոշɽʱҪɱīɽɽ˵ӡ
ѾͷĵҲ̫ˣī֪֮ҲɸеЩզࡣ
ɽĶɽȻ̸ʲôҲʲôԵǹƥ˵ӣһһȻ
ɽʱ䣬ôƴľҲᳬڡɽĶɽȴ൱һʿҡһЩڵĴʿ
£꾹ȻҶԶɽ֡ⲻòóīůͬʱΪһѺ

ʱ÷ǳģԴɽ磬ôûôùʱ
ǲҪɱīʧܡܵٵķ顣
֮ܶǰЭͬսʿָΪ̰ŷ˳īжп˵ĽͣԷȫӵ
ûץī֮ززƵ飬صɽҪģһᡣ
ɾʱɽĵӿʼӶĳ¡
һʼûӣɽɽȻ㲻ʲôɣɵӵҲкܶ࣬ʮ˸λŵע⡣
ɽģʱƣĶɽʵԽԽǿ
ֱǰʱ䣬һ۷Ķɽųϵ䣬˶ӡ
ųȻǴ۷壬ȴɽɽеսǿʿԸ𱬣Ƣ꣬һ־Ҫ֡һǿսҲӲһġ
һǿˣǸһ׵ķʿԸȥǡ
ȻһǿߣȴϢĻֱӾˡÿػƵĵӼŵûɢ
ų֮мڵʿӶȥʶڶǳ֣²Ȼŭ˿ʼ׷£Ҫ֪ĸҸɵġ
ܹɽ㣬ȻˢӵģɽȻ󣬵Ҳǳ
һ鲻Ҫһ˶ġΪɽشġȻһˣҡһŮˣ
ôܣôۣ侲֮Ҳֻܽʵ
ɳĶɽǿߣҪǸŮץס
ϷҪʲôˡ˸Ҷɽȥ˸ŵһĹâһҪץסԷ
⼸죬ڴϢǸŮˣ
ģò˼죬ǸŮ˾ͻᱻǸҳɽһڳϣôʯ˺Ϣ
ڶɽϳеĶϲ¶ЦݡҧҸɽΪУһڳϣ
ôıͻȻһŮ
ûκԥͷûлأĹ
ɽصĵط
ҲǶɽȫĵط
Ů˾ôģѾû˼ȥ׷ڱһ亹˲䣬ΪȷķӦ
ҲΪȷӦˡ
Ϊڶ󷢶һ˲䣬һɱĸоڶϴ
ţͷ­ֱӱնڵء
ͷ­ĶûȥҲڵһΡҲһΣǸŮ˵ĳ࣡
һϮ£欣ɴʲôģ¶ļȴͬѩһס
ĵڶԪҪֱߣǺŮȴһС嫵ľ˳źŮеǰѽԴԴϵע뵽Ů嵱С
Ůӵ΢΢ţƺʹӣȴҧأһ
һʱ䣬ȻӲĽһλڵĴʿڶԪ̺оһɶ
ͷ­濴źŮӵΪֱһ仰˵
ֱĵڶԪ񳹵䣬ͷ­˲꣬һƣϵµߡźŮӣ㡭˭ҸʲôԹ
ŮĿһۣԹ㻹䣡
˵ţһһ̣ʧɽɽȫĶС
Ƭ֮ɽɽһޱȵĲҺˣˣˣšǶɽˣ


937 ֮
Ůߵٶȷǳ죬ͣԵĻɱˣǾԶвīˡû
ܹɱġϵڰʥ
ѽʹֻ
ʵϣոտ˶ʿȫʵϣоųϣ뵽ڰʥС
ɱԽ࣬յľԽ㣬ڰʥҲԽǿ
ͬʱڰʥˡҲԽǿ
һ˷ѭûֿܹסֱǿķʽ
ΪⲻαֲֶΣǿн塣ͨڰʥյľȻûκβͬ
ΨһĲֶͬΡӶᣡ
Ӷԭ˵ĶΪá
ǿпƣΨһģûбڰʥӰ̫ʱ䣬ΪīɨɽЩСɱҲԽԽ࣬ڰʥҲԽԽǿӰ졭ҲڲϵļС
ĸоΨһģԸ񡭡ҲȥѾ췭ظľ޴仯
˶Գīĸû֮⣬硭ĿʼûκȤġ
ܹģ˲Գīɱ֮⣬Ҳʣ£˲ңҲǱһˡ
һľ鹫ԥһ̴Է࣬Ȼ󽫶ԷеȫӶᵽԼ
ڰʥһ֮ڣ֧նɱһԽĶ֡
ǵģѾ뵽ˣΪٶȣȳī죡
ɱ˶ֻ֮ߡΪڽһʱҪԼغãκεҵͽپ޴Σա
ಣ
ಣ
ಣ
ɽɽǱߣʼɳһӰȫ˷ȥ
ЩȫɽɽĶ֡
ڱɱ˵ֱĴܶȫɽʿԶĸ顣һȫ˷裬һҪʬΣ
ʱ˭ҪҪһǣǺŮô뵽ڵңֱӽɱġ˭һܵ˵Χ
ôȥģʲôֶΣжǿ
ڣɱΪڱ
оԼǵĻеΪƬ̵Ĺ򣬾Ѿ߰˵ϢңңסȻŰľ룬ɱ⣬ȴֱָ
ȴһ㶼ڣ˭ɱīģڻǿ󣬵ҵ˷ڣһһȫɱˣ
ʱ֮ǰµ˿ʼķ̲סһüͷµٶȣȴ˿ϣҲʼһɹǿע뵽嵱С
ڰʥӰ飬ǳ¡ʵȻһ߶ѣԣȴҳϣĽ˵ɵ
ī˵ؼģԼǿģ
磬סԼʵͦѵءɴ֮£ž¾׵ϣ¶һ˿ĿЦ
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һѪ³ڵ˿ʼ
һٶȣһƬ嫵ȺɽС
ɽɽԶ㡣һɽơû뵽Ⱥɽвãͳʮˡ
һ˸󣬿ȥҲʮꡣʵѾһǧϹ֡
ж⣬ǶһһΪҲѾ뵽ڡǵĶɽٻʧܣһٶǰѾӵ˶ɽٵʵ
ڵĸǳãʱ򣬾͵õ̫շɽ֮ڶôԴϣ˶Ľ졣
֪һ˲䣬˶ҪˡеĳѾﵽԸӵĵزģһҪҵǸ֣ʬΣ
ԣϧԼԪھѪΪ׼죬һֹϵطһʱټȻĶɽʿ
׷ƬȺɽǰͣ½ŲվĶ⡣
ƬȺɽѾ˶ɽΧһɽеĶң
ңƬȺɽԷ˵ź壬Ƿӵ֮ء
Ŵǿ飬һЩǿģѾﵽ۷ʵ
ҸЩǿķ֮˵Э飬ЩķǿߣԷҵӵܳ֡Ҳɳڵʿ뵽ط
˵ˣһĥµĵط
Էҵӵ˵ƬȺɽеĳЩǿ顭ͬҲ
˭ڲϵսл˭ͽøǿ
⣬Ҳд壬ͬ
УôֻԼù
ԣƬȺɽҲκ롣
ǸŮȻǰ֪£ԡ޼ɵĳ˽ȥҲȥĻһҵ֪»ᱻһơһɽĳϳ˵


938 Űˣ
˸űĹâעǰƬȺɽҲ˼Σ˵طȻǷҵ֮أңȴǧ֮ңҷҲÿʱỵ̈дӵôѾ塣ÿʮ꣬һδӵǰƽʱƬطˡࡣ
ⳤϣˣҲзҵĴڿܰո˵˵ڱǱ飬Ҳܲأһҵᡭ
˵ϣͬҲɽġԶλڣ鲢ȶԣǲֻǸ࿼ǵԺ
ʱһԵһɽ˵ҿŮӲԶǶݵĽȥץסŮߡӦҲҵĲ
ǰȻΪɽĴ壬һֱǻ͵
̸ϵ͵ҵǾãҵĵʵǻǵõǼ𣿷ҵСȡڵתɵǼ¡
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ո˵϶¶֮ɫҲԼЩʧԣ±տڲ
ЩüͷãҧһΣˡͷȥϷôɱŮץɱ˳𡭡Ƕɽͳˣ
໥һۣҲȫϿ˶˵
Ϊɽɽɽɽ˵ԭһޱȵĴҪ𶼲ܱĻôԺɽɽһǧɣ
ЩľӪһУ֮
ƴˣ
ⳤϵģ
ⳤϸɣ
ʮɽĶǿߣȫ¶ᶨĹâ
ͷûаһ֮顭һеο
ڳжЩȻʵҶףѾɢˣﻹʲô֮飿ԽеŭԽǿʢ
øɶŮһޱаֶΣźڵģץ㡭һҪ㳹ʬΣ

ۻۣ
ڱ𣡡˵ţȳƬȺɽС

һܸɴˣ֮󣬾ûհǰ˺󡣶Ҫ˾ͼͼϵϳīҪīһ档˵ҪΪ˼ҵ׷ߣ˼ȴԸءԣ飬Ҫʵˣ̤ʵ
˾ͼͼֱӴȡŰ壬રવǰ˼£ȻŷһЦϵ
ףһԾĿ˾ͼͼĿɿڴĵͼͼ㲻Ҫ۸ҽ˻ҲûŰ壬ҿǿŰģʲôʱֹˣ
˾ͼͼصһЦ˵Ű壬ޱǿ󣡻ͷ˵
˵ţǱߴһǣ
˾ͼͼ˾ͼͼ˵ţľķգգۡ
ãôϵңŰʲôʱֹˣǱԵúܾȵӡ
áȫҶãճģܱܲôȱ£˾ͼͼɫߺ죬šҪûбҲͰˣƫƫõѾߣ˾ͼͼշյĸо
վһԣɫЩ졣֮ĶԻȻ˾ͼͼ֮ǰ˵ϵͨ
ܴ˾ͼͼ뵽õʵҪ̫࣬С󣬷˾ͼͼǰйһģЩûһõ³˾ͼͼʰÿ޵˾ͼͼʰµģҲẰæһݺʰԷ
ԷѾܶûˡ
ôˣɿ˾ͼͼķӦգʵϣߡգ
ˡйš
ʱ˾ͼͼŰϣٴδǱߵ͸Ͻ˵үæġ
ٴθеһ˾ͼͼ˵ˡӣСӶ˼뷨˼ȴûаϰ
ûĸˣһεεСŮ̬ȵġҷóԷܹݡǵȷô˾ͼͼ
˾ͼͼҲúûӣ˵īΪϡ㣡㣬Ұһ֣۷Ĵʿ
ʲôǱߵĳīһ㶼飬˾裺˾ͼͼƹҲֹһΡлֱ˵ɣεʲôУΪʲôŰϵң
īû㿪ЦʦЭ㣬Ҫһ㶼Ǿˣͻػȥðɣ˾ͼͼЩˣ˸ƨɡѸѿͱˡ
ʦ˵λǱߵĳīڱЩ˵˾ͼͼͷϵҺðɣҲ¡ȥأʮ𼱵ġϵңΣ


939 
˾ͼͼüһʵˣʲôط
Ǳߵĳī˵һط
ʱ˾ͼͼԵķͻȻ˵ǵطǷҵ֮ذô
Ǳߵĳīʱһס
˾ͼͼ͵ҰҵǸ֣ɽӵܣ˵ǸطǷҵ֮ءôĻ϶⵽ҵķģ
˭Ҳ˲ˣұҪȥǱ߳īᶨ
㿴һ˾ͼͼȻ˵ɣǹȥ
˾ͼͼͷȻˣûӶĵ˵ڻԳī
ǣϸҵ֮ءͬʱҲʼŸ֮صػߣǽ˵ˣҪ
ΪҵĵճӵܣĵλȻرߣĻҲõġ
֮صЩػǣʮϸִ˷ȺˡͬҲûнκ

ܹĸоԼԽԽѡҵ⴦֮أҲǲѶΪ֮ҪԴӶԷĽŲǲС
ܿ죬ͷ֣ˣ
ΪԷȻһΡ׷˹
ᣡһ䣬һμӿٶȡ
ЩֵǣѾθӦǿߴڣӦþǷػߡЩ˶ĳ֣ȫѡӶûκĶ
ңǰȺסҲǺõġš
Ⱥˣͬûκε
ȺͬҲɻΪʲôҵػߣͻȻ˳Ĭ
һЩһ߳ҡ
ΣŮܣϴЦݣķ򲻶׷ȥ
ڸоʱϵŰ壬ȴͻȻ䴫һεεε죬еǳ֡ΪŰûзʾ
ʶŰ򿪣洫һİ㡭Ǿλꣿ
Űϵֻ֣İȫûһӡ󡣵Ļһ䣺˭ôͨŰֱϵң
ŰǱߵ˾ͼͼһĿٴδľķ㣬Ȼ˵ǳīѣ˵Σصشġ
һĵĸ˾ͼͼĴָипѾͷǳˣ̫ˣȻܹµīҪȥ˭ҾȻ֪Էֱֶ֣ͨϵ϶Է
Щˣ
˵нһֱдʯͨŹ߿ʱϵʯһ⣬ǱҪԷĴʯһſԣҪͨʯϵһİˣǸͲܵģ
˾ͼͼŰд˼֣Ȼϵһǰ涼ûˡ⹦ܡ̫ˣ
ŰǱߵü֪ΪΣŮӵ;ЩꡣԷ˵ǳīѣӣʵʲô֣
īߵѣ꼸֪֣
ЩԳīߵ飬ǳע
˾ͼͼ΢΢һ벻ԷΣУȻ֣Ů˵ֱ˾ͼͼƺҲоһʲôæ͵ҽ˾ͼͼǳīӡңҶûκζġ
˾ͼͼɲŪɳ׾Ϊŭ˳īǱ˭ľŮӣǳīĽɣ
û֮һ
ʦ߹ٹ飬˾ͼͼһֱ֪ŮӣûĻպ󽫳Ϊīӣ
Ǿĸ
ɿκЦ
Ǳ߳Ĭһ£˵㡣

˾ͼͼһʱͻȻ䷢֣ովȻǰδеĽţ
˾ͼͼʾһ·㣬ͷŰ˵С㣬Ƿ㣬ڵƬǷҵ֮ءҵʾȥ⼸ط㣬˵ǧԿɳ졣
˵ţֶǱ߽˼䣬ֱǱߵʾԼˣҲ˿
˾ͼͼر˫ͨȻ໥һۣ̲סЦ⡭Ѿ״̬ˣ
ǡղŻţҾԼʱ򣬶ûôŹҲЦŻص
˾ͼͼüһȻλĹ̫ǿˣΪܹͷųģ
΢΢һ漴ͷѹ֡Ҹ˵ʱ򣬾ѹһΪδĸ֣ȷΪ̫ǿˡŰ壬ĸоᡣ
λҲ򵥰˾ͼͼһ䣬ִŰ壬ϵ˳ī֪ոյ顣
ȻŰǱߵĳīȥ˲٣˾ͼͼͷл
÷˾ͼͼȻܳĸоȻӿЦӿٶȣǱ߸ȥ
ΪṩĲ֮Ƿҵػ߾ۼأƾȻԱ֤ʱȫѱ֤û֡˵Ⱥ׷ɱҪǷ˵Ļܾͻᷢ仯
˵ڷҲûеλ絽Գ̶ֳȣһʱиҵճӵƫƫĶͷĻ


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ߵĵģʵգۼͳʵ
Ȼİ˵İΪоЩ졣Ǹ˾ͼͼŮˣû˵ΣҵСô
˿̵״̬ʵʮ⣬ȥԼ֧ȥ
Ǳ˾ͼͼҲ֪˻⣬ûиīڸϸгǡ
գѡŶԷĻΪԷԱǷӵܣҲǳϿңһ㣬ǹˡȻĻ϶ѡŵġ
ʵû취
ϵ˵ĵһطʱ򣬹ȻǱߴǿϢͬʱһ𣺡صأ˿
Ȼõ˷֮ǰⲻػߵĲ֮Ҳ˴Ȼ̸ʲôܣȴ¹طҵ档
Ȼȥ֮Ҳˣȥݺᡭôҵķţ
Ļһ䣺ǧԿɳ죡
ţǱߴһɽӵмӰڿնһˣӵм䣬һĹӣȥҲͶʮͷòʣ
Ǻˣ֪ҿߵһһŵŷɹ꣬üʵ
˿꣬۾һȴû˵
Ƿҹģұ׷ɱ˵
㣿ǱߵͻȻ¶һĨζЦݣСƺżֲм벻ҵλ졭ţȻҲ˷ģ
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ɫһüû˵
Ǹߣ˵ոշ㹫ӵȷѶǣ˵˹ǲҪ
ǺǡЩмһЦʲôʱҲʸ֮صָֻˣ
վûжüȴڵЩǸ˾ͼͼͷǳīˣڷҵĵλƺҲûжߡǰλȻű˵湫Ȼ̡
ʱԶȺɽʿҲڲϵĿߡľ룬һȺ֮ϵʿ˵ʲô
˿꣬üżḡ˵ǷŮˣ
Ŀһء
ϡƢͦЦЦͻȻʲôҲҸô˵ǷңҲҪģΪŮˣضûн̹㣿
ﺮ˸俴ˣҸûκιϵùܺͣ
˼̲סߵļ˵ǲҲͦ˼ģŮ˸ô˵ǺǣйذҹܺԼͣǸһ䣬ҹܲãܰô
˵ţ÷ǳ䣺С󣬻ûһˡҸҷô˵ģ㡭ǵһ
굱ʧȥиЩ˵Ȥתߡ
𣿡Ǳ˵ҰסͷˣҵҪúһԼŮ˶ܲáܸɵʲôһҰıţޣ
ʱߵߵ١¶
ٺ٣㲻ùܣ¸ûϵ۵ϣȥʲô飬ҵأЦ˵
߼ЩΪѡڷҵճһ棬λȻȷôߣҲЩ˵ġǰλǸӵﲻ
ܹõ֮ǿǷ˺ôľطˮһ㣡
ԣ⼸߳ţһǺľٶһΧȥ
һȺҵĶʿ
˵ˣȫʢ״̬ڰʥҲȺ˵Ķ֣
ͬǷڣսȴġ
ЩҵʿСĹҪȶɽЩͬʿ֪߳ٱ
ԣ⼸ˣһ˲䣬ͽ¡
˸źɫĹâɴ俴Щˣʲô
߳ԲˣǱӡ԰꣬ͣһ
Ҫҷ߲أ
߲ˡһҵĴ۷ʿĿһ꣬ƢȽϻ𱬣˵Ҳܳ壺Ϊ㹫ӵŮˣȻضҲҵ涥ײ㹫ˣҲվߡ
ص˵Ҹûϵ
˵ûáǰ˵һеȷ㹫˵ɡ
ʱǱߵһȺɽĴʿƿնڼȺҵʿ֮󣬶һڶɽʿȫЩͷƤ顣ǿǸŮƺҲΧסˣһ
վȭ¶⣬Ƕɽĳϣλǰ˲ô֮ءʵбƲѵԭ򣬻λܹ½⡣


941 
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¶ԱȡĮӲɽȺȻͿɰ˺ܶࡣ
ˣһ۶⣬ЩĵŶʲô鰡
дϲ·Ⱥ˲ɷ˵ǳ֣ǿ϶ҪͷԶݵġôڱҲܸͻȻĻɽɽ磬֮أ
ӡġŮǸԩ޳ȴְɱǶɽڣһߣⲻװģ¶ȦЩʪŭǵ棬Ů㵽ɢһŮߣֶΣаƥֱħֶΰ
飿΢΢һȻû뵽ŮӾȻܽɽڸԭΪּɫ׷ɱҪиӵöࡣ
ΪھӣȻ֪ɽ˭Ҳ֪ǸȻ磬һʵȴ۷壬ҲʱԷĴʿھȻˣ
ϷһٻϷⱲԶ޷ɽٳɹ֮£ֱӷһġ
˵ͷȻ뵽һ顣Ƿ֮ǰıǸţƺͳаϢʲôʿٳ֮飬Ͳмһˡ
ڿѰ˿̶Ůӣһ֮ѣ
ŮҲ治ҪȻҧԼûϵ٣ҵȻᵹҪô˵
һЦȻ˵˵ĻǶɽˣôҷҵ֮ءûأ
ϳɾһ⻰лһȭһףӻԭǸУ飬ϷԸһеͷ˼ˣϷһ񣬸
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ɽʲôɣҲǳǿеȻѰ
һҵӲûʧҲ˵ɽ³򣬶ұ㹻Ǹ⣡ҲõҪĺôֱǽԴϲ
ţһֵĵͷ˵óǵȷǷǳʹŮˣ˵ӦðǣǴá
ǰ÷ǳģţ;Щζˣһô˵Ļ϶תۡ
Ȼ˵أŮˣҷҵһճӣеϵأҲ̫þǣ룬λˣǿԸһôô֮£ҷ񡭡ѹȥ
Ǿ̫лˣҲٷģɽ֪ôͷ϶кϣп˵˽ǣҪôȴҲ޿κΡ
Ȼע⵽⻰ı仯˺ҲںЦվǡʵϣŸεƣ
˵ҵķóƣʵϣȴλҵĸ硣ã˵ƣӾͨ
ô˵ȻΪ˸ӣΪܹݺݵһηӣɨأڷҳ̧ͷ
ɣΪҵĵճӣȴһаŮˣаȻʳ˾ǴȥҵܵشӰ죡
ԣŮˡ㲻סΪ޴ۣ
񲻵ҪӶɽեȡĺôӷϡݺݵһ
һֱվеĺڰʥͺڰʥϵע嫵ľܵǵˣٶ࣬Ҳһʱ֮ͽƳ
ԣûվУͬҲеûʹá
˺ڰʥȫУֶҲܾôһ㡣ֻЩֶʩչ̫󣬲򲻵ѣ겻ȥá
ʱԶһϢһ⣬ޱȰԵնߵһʿ
Ϯ
ȡ
ʵ̫ͻȻҲ̫Ѹͣ
ͬһ㣡
ȺڡڵʿȻȫûвĴڣ
ȵֵʱѾˣ
ҵʿŵԼ϶Ҫˣ
Ϊ⵶еɱ⣬ʵ̫ǿˣ
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ֱпգʿͷָ˲ͣס
ķʿоһȻ޷ڰվȣȥ
һʿæסϡҲͬһ亹
Щˣȫ࣬ڸոһ˲䣬ָͬܵĿ־塣룬һǳԼģԼܶ㿪
һֱվ꣬ɴµһ˫֮УȻųޱ貵Ĺâ
һӰֱĴһѽ걧ڻȻ󡭡תߣ


942 
£Ȼŭȵ
ͬʱĸֵģжɽߵˡ
ۿžҪץֵĳУô˴ߣ
ЩҵػҲŭˣˡֱ̫ǷˣȻûɱˣһ֮ǿ־ͬʱҲܵ˾޴裡
īΣ˿ûκͣŲȻӰ粽գ֮䣬Ѿǧ֮⡣
ͬʱɽңҼ¡ҽɱҳīŮˣͷˣ
ɫѾŤķīֵʱһ£ƺ뵽ʲôŭȵ˽ץסҪģԭǳīȻˣͱˣ
ɽߵ˴˿ҲڻعǺŮΪʲôҪϻɱǶɽˣԭǳīħͷŮˣ
ץסīɱŭ
ɱץģһ
΢΢һ
Ǳ߷˵ŮˡɱīҪץģ
ڳЩˣû˱ȷԽѪŸīļֵԣīͬ˾ĲƸǰ
ôһҪ׽ˣܷŹ
ԥһ£ͷ٣Ҳ㲢ս˰ɣ
һϺ꣬˵֮ǰ飬һʹֻҪץīԺǶɽҷţ
ȵľ仰īļֵȻҲзڣĻǶɽʲô¶ԣᣬͽϷҡԶɽ˵Ҳһ׳ò񻰵ĴȰ
īһˣٶ˿Ӱ죬ͬˮһ㣬һǧ
ûôƽ꣬·ıе꣬Ҳǰĺܣڳīؿڣƺ˯ˡ
ԺΣյ飬ȥ𣿡īѵ
ǺڰʥҪľ˵
һ𣿲оˣī˵
еġʮЩġ
ߡīǿһ⡣ĿǰӳҪ顣
ҪûĻȺ˾һôҲռ˲뿪ڣɲңܵ˺
˾ͼͼ˭Ȼһ䡣
֮ǰڻʱʶһˣһصŮӴߣǸŮӡĽһ֪ܶҵ顣Ҳ֪ҵкܴĹ˾ͼͼ˵ǸŮҵѾߵġīƪ۵Ľһѡ
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Ů˷һЦЦЩġǰܲһīȴûκηУֻǾеΡ
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Сվס
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֪ͨǰػߣסչڵȫʵƴ׷ϣȴǰǵӰԽԽԶʱŭɶ
٣ǰػ˵㹫ӡ˳ɵĵ
ȥ㹫ӣ˵˲㣡ֱӴŭ϶ԷĻŭҶ÷ҵһһεöޱǰѳīס
ߵٴδӴʯеõĵ٣㹫ӡҲ˷ҵκػ߶Գīأ
ҲݣӶˣ˿챻ˣ쵰Ҹû꣡ϵһϵˣԳīչ׷ɱ죡죡죡
ǰĳīȻǺԶȴҲ֮ĶԻ˸ţ૵㡭Ҫ׷Ұ
ǸʲôīرȴܸоҪһֻܶһεĵһҪץ㡭ȴһҪ
ҡ
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ʱ򣬳īϵŰٴ
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洫˾ͼͼīԲԲԲĶԲ𡣶ǣû뵽Ǹ쵰Ҳǣ㲻ҪģϷܣǽӦ㡣ҲѾʼߵȫֻģʣµ飬ǣ
īĬһ£˾ͼͼлл㣡
лʲôҾСѾߡҪǽĸʲô⣬Ҳûˡ˾ͼͼʮּᶨ˵ҲѾʼ˾ҵŵ˲ࡣס㣬ֱӶǳ֣˾һǷҵˣΪǵˣ㣡
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󣬳īرŰ壬ϽɫѪʼ
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943 
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ܲˣҧгݣȡֱӼȥ
Ƿ˲ʧУһ۶⣺ߣ
ҲһνīѹôЩһĳ档һûʲô󰭣ɽԾīŵı
ߣ⿴һ߼ɽǿߣҲ¶ģΣһζҪī¡
ûܳɹĶ÷ҵΪѾ֮ǰˣ´˸෴÷Է֮ǡ
ī꣬һ·ϣͨ衣з֮صػߣԳīȫӶ
ǵ
ҵĵһöһöʹΡÿһΣԴӼ֧ȡ൱ʮԴڶöԶΣÿһΣԴӼʮʮϵʿǰЩǷҵճӵܵĸݵλڹؼʱ̣ԵõԼİ
Ҫģȴǵö
öһһֻɶһΣ
һöһãͬڼҲԷ񶨣Ȼǰᣬȴǽڲ𺦷Ļ֮ϡ
֮صػߣһԩ޳˱Ӷɧš϶ûӰ쵽ҵļ档ԣЩûܾ
ֻǾ÷Щ̫ˣһöҪĵ׾ٵ˷ѵˡ
飬ֹôһ㣬ڶöֽ֮š˵ڶöһһԶ֡һԡȫĹ⣡
ӼеʮϵʿǰҪī
ϧǣһΣˡ
ΪǱѾһЩ֪˷ҡҶõڶöҵĸ֣ǰҪץī
˵ĺףҪץǸˣǳī
Ϣڲ˾޴𶯡
ĵճӵܣֽȻͬѡһҪץһҪȫԥĶõҵڲʵѾҳһš
īǸǣеЩ壬ûκΰ취ǷȻɽǴ壬ҾáҲӦȥǳī
˵ˣǷҵĶүҲǷĸסȻҪԼĶվһսϡ
ֻĻһڣԱһ˶ʱЦŷ˵ǳī廹һ֮ûа취Ϊû磡ī磬Ѿѹˣϣž޴ܣһ֣ԽзҸһ¥
ĸҡҡͷ˵ֻ棬ΣĽڱĻҲڱ鵤áͬҲڱǱˣɽĵڣ鵤õһ֧
ĸ仰÷ʱЩĬ
ڡһ÷ʮѿ֡ҲǷӵԸһ֡
꼸ҵĳϣΪҵСȡ˵ڵתɵӲֻɱԼҵŮԴƽϢŭʵϡҲûҪôڻϤֻ֮ҽתɵĲϸ׼һݣ¾͹ȥˡ
ɷǼΪ棬ӲǻɱԼˣڵ˼ˣʲôҲû˵ҲûҪϵ飬ֱˡ
ȴأǱħƷˣ
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㣬˵˵ʲôأǳī鵤֮ҲǺϵǵǷңǶ֣˭˵ʲôһ뵱¼ĳһĿŷĸס
ĸ׷Цһ£ͣȻ˵£ǳַġǿǿͨұ
˵Ŀ⣬ȫе˷Ҽϡ
ҼһǿһϣʵΡץסīĻж󣿡
˵ǱѾ˵˳ϻ׼Ѿɳȥʮ۷ʿжʮʿ޵ǳīһΣǲѷˣ
˵мɽˣʵ
ϵͷɽ˸īǸŮ֮䣬ޡ˵ֻɱǸŮˣΪǶɽ汨𡣡
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944 ˾
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˾ʵ˵һĴ塣Ϊǵ˶ʼղһ˾ҵĵճһһֻжʮˡ
˾ҵ֧͸ӹǳ֮࣬һ⡣Ǿǡūǿ
˾߳ҵԴЩ֧͸ӹеġĵճһֻҡ
ҲΪճһ˶ϡʹõճһǳŽᣡ
ҵճһ˾ĶķԼ䷽Щ˾ĺļֵڡЩ֧͸ӹȻһֱҪЩΪС˾ҵÿһμǳʵҲЩοԼС
ԣһֱڣ˾һϵȻûжˡɵλȴβƣ
˾ҵļ˾âҲ˾ͼͼĸס
˾ͼͼ磬˾ңСܳ衣
˾ҵһѾ˶ˣȫ縺ſ֦ɢҶΣÿ檳Ⱥ
Ҳ˾ͼͼ׸缸ô뵽Ĺ񣬾Ǹ˾ĺӣ
ڿЧǲġ˾ҵһ֧СӣѾнӽϰˡ
Ӧ˾ʮֺеġԱۼ÷ǳȫһ졣
ϵϣСȫۼ˾ҵ
˾âڼλϣԣһ߰ӣÿ϶һ˾ҵĳϡ
ѴȫټΪһ¡˾âһ޷ֱû飬õĻ˾ҴӴֱϣĪ˵ɽ磬պ硭ҲǲܡĿǰٵū飬͸㲻ʲôˡ
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˾â˵ûгźõķչôп˾ҴӴٲ
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˾âĴ˾ü˵ףе㲻̫ףڸ˾ѾϺĹϵ𣿡
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ͼͼ˾Űֺȥʮ߰ӡòҲʮӢվǸīйأ
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һֱ۾յģһˣȻͷ˾â˵ʵѽһС¡Ѿͷô˵ģ
Ѿͷ˾ͼͼ˾ҳ˾ͼͼǳơ
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ҲôġԵĶϵͷ˵ЩϼһѾ̫꣬ԪѾʣ޼ֲǸȥɽ٣㹱סպ˾ҡҪλĻٺ٣˰ǼϼһλȥҲܵ𣡡
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˾âۿЩ΢죬һŴϺͶϹʩ񣺡ܵʲôʱǶ˾棡
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˾¡˾Ǻ˾ֵһ޿
ǾԼֱ̫ˣһƺֻܻŮ˵ĶƤˡǾͦġءɽģڷһôµ顣
ֻʣŮ˵ʱʳǣеǮӻֿͼįҲǳġ
֮£ǷǳǳĽС˾ͼͼԵܣԼʶɽúɽֱ̫Ҹˣ


945 ʦͽ
˾ͼͼӹʯ˼֮¶ϲɫɫЩķ˵˾ҵĳϻͨ˶ԳīĳԮһΣ֧ЩӹȺѬĵĶһλףʲôѡ񣡡
ͷ˵˾ҺãĺŽᡣϧǷߡ
˵ţ̾Ϣһ
˾ͼͼķļ򣺡㣬Ѿˣģī˰ɡȻܶʱͦģʵϣȴһǳˣ˭ãأԣѾȥˡֻҪͿˡΪ飬ǶѾˡ
׸ղŸң˴ǿߣڵʿʮڵʿʮЦϣ¶һĨ֮ɫ±Ǯ⼸ǽҵȫˣ
˾ͼͼȻ뵽ʲô˵㣬£ûиùã
ҹùøʲô¸ҹùʲôϵЩֵĿ˾ͼͼ
˾ͼͼ˵λøǿæһ˾͸ҴҵĽأ̨ùáʵɽ磬ҲûжܼϳֵĻ롭Ӧûб֤һЩ
۾ʱһ˵ǡҲҹùپˡѾ̫Ŀ࣬׸ҹøžˣҲƽ
˾ͼͼˣҲ̾Ϣһ˵ҲǣùðЩǳֱ̫࣬Ǿһˡ
˵ţĴʯͻȻ䴫һɲͨʯǱߴһŮôǹùá
㵱һ˵ôôɣ
˾ͼͼһҲס죬˵̫˰ɡ
ôˣΣǱߵʱЩ
ûûΣգùãû¡æ˵
ǱߵƽȻʵǲǳʲô飿
ô֪һ䣬ž˵һѣĴž˵һ¡
ʯǱͻȻ䴫һߣ
¸Ų֪Զľ룬ŴʯȻߵķ˾ͼͼ˲һ亹µ˭ˡ
˵īڱҵ׷ɱͬʱ׷ɱˡʲôɽʯǱߵŮУȣɽ׷ɱ⣬Ϊʲô
㻹û˵Ǳһ𣺡ΪʲôȻΪ棡СһΣҲ顣˭Ҵͽܵ⣬Ҿɱ˭

ʯǱߣСһ̾ϢȻһҲ㡣˵ţǱʵһķɣǹȥ
Ժĸ˹ùóīܵķ򣬹˴ʯ˻Ȼһı顣
ʲô˾ͼͼҲЩˡ
ī֣Ѿ£
˽ʱ򣬾Ѿڻзˮ𣻵ʱ򣬸ǣĹע֪īˣ֣ȫʶģЩ콾Ტۣ
ɫѪţ
˽磬ȴκһľ콾
Ȼ粻ߣսȴǿƥ
ϣܣ
ǰͿԸĵҩ鵤ϵϣһ鵤õϱ
дԣ˵鵤õС֮䣬һЩϵ
һ˵ˣôܸĹø֮䳶Ϲϵҡͽܣ
˾ͼͼŷ㣺ûɣ
ͷߵĵûС
īøͽܣ˾ͼͼüͷһŵı顣
ǸңҲû취¡ҹøʧ˺ܶ꣬ȻͻȻˡף˵⣬ͻȻ˵ҹøɷֶ֮ų޽ģȴĻعɽ磬һΪȫûܵκεӰ죡
˾ͼͼӹ˵īǰ鵤õϱ
˵⣬໥ӣӶԷпһĨ𾪣ͬʱܣ
īλħĵӣôһΡҵҪĻݺݵߵˡ
ľɺޣħ϶ûǣΪ˲ùùѹûжԷչ³𡭡ôң
૵𣿡
˾ͼͼȴô࣬˵ǸϽϹȥȻĻǷҾȥٶˣ¶ûã׷ɱħǿߡֹǧ
ΪȻĵͷǰֹ°ɡȻӣľ̫ˣ
벻īʦȻø˾ͼͼȻ÷ǳ𺳡
øɽĳң¡ûǲҪȥĺá˵
˾ͼͼͷǰһһø


946 Ҹһ
һעɽķƱþ׵ıˡڴʱе˼ûʶ㡣īԼҲû뵽ôࡣ
꣬ٶһ£ǷڵĴʿҲ׷
һ·񱼣Ѿӳ˷ҵ֮أһֱϣѾгǧɽ޽īһӣҲǴΧ
;һǵʱ򣬳īֱӴ£ڳ⼸ʮһƧ֮أϴֲӡϢ֣һѰͨ£߽Сǡ
Сǲ󣬹Ҳʮ˿ڣȴʮֹϣǽǽשµĺۼ
ʮַͷӿֽڶ
ī꣬ҵһҿջҪһ׵СԺʱ
ص֮󣬳īü鿴ϵơ
⻹һīһңȻЩߡǳīڲ鿴Ƶʱȫ¼͸ˡ˵з
īҪЦ䣬ȴƺء
ˣǵɵġīЩͳһۣкܶԼɵġ
֪
ʺǿһʱͻȬʱ䣬㲻ܶúڰʥīĿ۾ⶫȷеаš
ͷǿ󣬲Ȼܹסҵıġ
ţ֮أīʵ
֮飬ûҵϡ국˵
ī֣ȻЦЦ㿪ľͺá
󣬳īֱȡ¯棬ʼҩ
ųīϽҩͶȥʼպ֪ܰīõЩҩģļƷ
ûκҪл˼Ϊ֮䣬Ҫ
֮£ҩܿƳ
ⵤҩĿǰܹƳõ˵ҩˡ֮ȻҪһʱ䡣ī˵
ɣҾͦõġһЦܸһĶǺõġ
ҺҸīȻ˵
ҲҸ˵
һЦҸĹâ
һ̣˳׷ҲһС˽磬򵥵໥ţȻȻߵһ𡣶Ҹܹһ
ε¼ҿҪˡīʮָۣ˵ܸоһֵϢ·ٻҡٻƺڰʥйأûа취ܾ
ѹһʱһܿϵġīЩ۵ĿꡣȥЩδ֪飬Ҫܹһֱߡ
ѹơҲһĨʹֺ࣬γһֱһ
ǣе̫
ңڵݡҲīߵ̫
ЩīѾĹ࣬ĵѾǿҲˡ겻īһЩӿµĵˡΪԼΪ˵ĵˡ
ȴô˵ȫֳܱΪīʵ̫Ҳ̫ˣ
һֳôī϶᲻ϧһдۣҲҪߣǸΪУҲ϶ϧ
һ˰ţҸ顣ͬʱҲʹ飡Ϊͬ뺦˳ī
ҾͼԼʵī֣˵ɽ磬ֻʣ¼¡һҵҵʦʦžۣȻʦ𣻵ڶҵ󹫼ֻɽ֮ûӰˡ˵õİΣҵѣڻЩˣɽһõĻҪˣڽĳһ֪ǸҵĹϵҲҶ׳֣
ţʵۡ̾ϢΪʲôͲ˽һأ
ô˽㻹ϲ𣿡īʵ
ᣡشޱȸɴࣺʲôӣϲϲ
ⲻɵ𣿡ī̲ס˸ۡ
ȴͷڳīļϣɵɵɣһԼɵ˶Ҳһֱ
ī΢΢һ漴̲ס˼
꿿ڳī˵ʵҲͦɵġ
ţ
˵ұʲôӣ㶼ϲҡ
û
ǲɵô
ûá
һұòأһұ˲ϲأ㻹ϲô˵ţ˸æ˵ҲģԶĵģҲ䣡
īʱͻȻоЩԾһȴͻȻ䷢֣˫֮Уÿֻ棬ڽ
Ǻ߾Խݣ״̬Խȶ
ţīܹоλòϱǿϢʲô
ʱϽ¶ʹ֮ɫҧ´૵磬ҪҰɡԼ֪Լ˭֮ǰŮˣ
īʶصΨһģԺڰʥʴУȻĵĸо


947 Ӣ
ī״̬һĪչܶĴУӵǿı졣վܵʹ꣬ī˫ץԼͷ޲Լȥ
ʼڼĿʲôſ˫ۣ˿ųī硭Ȼ쿪˫ۡ
īꡭѣһսʤڰʥʴ
ҡûбʴɫĳ죬ʮĵĿųī硭ϲ㣡
컣žɫǵϣͬһ㵭Ĺԡǽ֯ĺԵøȻ
ʱ򣬳ī˵һ㶼Ӱ죬Ҳǲܵ顣ô꣬Ҳѡʱ֪겻ѻãܾīȻִܹϣһ죬˶ޱѵʱ򡭡鵽Ũʱ
ܵڰϢʴ˽ʧȥǵ¡Ҫꡣ
īǷȥ룬ʲô취ǰ״̬
ʵī֪걻ڰϢʴӾ磬ոǿŵҩйأ
ǿŵҩƷסʵ̫ˣ
ߵּĵҩͲóɽ磡
ֵҩں˺ڰϢ˵ֱһ־޴Ĳҩ޸ƵĹУҲΪҩھ޴һ̶ϳľʶ
ûںϺڰʥôֳ㲻ʲôкôþʶøӳӯ
ڵ꣬ʶһǺں
һܵǺɫĺῪʼľռУγˡ
ֳܳܵģɡ־硭ͬ޷ܣ
ھѾ̤ϵ֮λܽѹȻĻûκη
ʱīľʶУͻȻһֽ
ī΢΢һ漴¶ϲ֮ɫѾܾöûжĲȻһŵǵЧī²µȶʶġ
ϵҩģīȫУǣī̵ʱ䣬Ƴ˼ŵҩȻȥ
ҩЧܿϵĺ쳱ʼȥ˫нƵĺߣҲһʧ˫׻ָ޵Ŀһ۳īֱ֮ӳ˯ȥ
̫ƣˣ
ոƴһĵֿڰϢʴ꼸Ĺȫľ
īһ۵Ŀ˯ȥ꣬аȥҲǰ취ҪȥһλˡѾʧˣ֪ǲǻţӦȥһ㣬ǸصŮ˳˾ͼͼ飬ô£ʲôСѾߡⲻֲʲôү
뵽⣬īﲻǸԽ޾ǺӶˣһһС֡īģֱʹĸо
һΣһҪʸƾʲôǶң˵ǾԼƿһУīһӲȡȻ󽫵ڶԪͶ뵽С
˫ۣпھֱʧС
īı򰲾ػţһ̶Ըȥ

磬㡣
УһŮڸһ塣
ǱߵǰʱˡŮ˵
ҸӦˡߵͷ
Ǹ塣Ůֵ
ô߻ص
㲻˵ʲô𣿡Ůһöӣ̧ͷϡ
˵ʲôʵ
ҲаŮ˸ۣΪҲ̫ˡ
һ̾һ
һᣬͻȻ
̸ӵģȺԱ˳ŵ˵һȺ˶۾ԼԶҲ˵ԴһȺΪ߹ʵȴ˲֪˵ʲôõĿ棡һȺһȺ棡һȺ쵰ȺӦñд䳾޾תֻгǧ꣬ǻʲôװ߹󣡲ݣͷһһѣŮĿɿڴġ
á
ˣ
ҼҵģͲôĻˡЩ졣
Ǹ֣
ʣܱ𣿡
ðɡŮ˵ţ£ˡ
ʲôˡͺӮƵģһߡ
ˡ
ţ
ҪҪ㣿ŮߣҾûʲôҪˣΪ󣬶ӡˡٰ֮ڣǱû취ˡ
ǾͲˣЩ飬Ҳ֪ˡ߳
˵Ůü
أ߷ʡ
󱻷⣬С֡ȻǸɡţֻҪǱ߿϶а취ġѣȻеѡѲǡôŮϴһĨķ̡
ǡ͸׵飿ߵУżѯʡ
ŮˣЩȻȷ֮󲻻񣿡
ҾáѾܳˡЩȷĵ
κˣԼĸס룬̫Ů˵
Ҫ֪𣿡˵
᲻̫磿ŮվǸӰ
˼ҵĺ統ңƺ˵ԼŮ֪ǸӢۣʵǼ£
ǺôŮ貣˸ӢѪᡭԵĻϣīʲôãֻҪӢۡ


948 
ʱ꣬īٴμ˽顣һʼЩԼ۾Ϊǲǿˡֱе㲻׵Цʱȷǽ飡
վڽߵŮīĿ¶һĨοܵһš
Ȼţī˵ƭҺòң
ôܻһЦ˵в٣һ磬ȴûУ

īһ˵žͺã˵ţīĿͶŮȻ
㲻һ뵽ôŮ΢΢һЦ˵ɡ
Ůˮݲ裬ֹţˮһ㣬һְ͵ĸо
ǼŮһĻ
ͼͼˣŮһŵݲ裬һߵʵ
ˡīͷ
ѾͷŮѾʲôġȻе㲻󹻸񣬲ϾҲûиʺϵˡʵأؼҺͶѾͷҲͦʵġŮʮ˵
ЩĬȻһЩҪԳī˵ڵĻȴվҪһЩġ²Ҳˣȴ̫һ㡣Ůĵһ顭ֺγĳī޷ܣ
ѾŮʲôģЦԺͱˡī˵һ䣬û̧ͷ˵ûǸʸҲûǸ뷨
ŮͷҲ̧İŪŲߣ˵ΪǸˣ
ҵ˶ˣϼī˵
ָ֪˭ŮȻû̧ͷ
īĬһᣬȻ˵ô֪ģ
ѵͲ棬Ϊʲôո̤ţѪħţǸصĵôŮƽ˵ڵݣȴʯ쾪𺳡
Ȼʲô֪
ҡһֱǱڹһ
һ죬īˣѪȴˣ
һ죬īˣȴ㣡
Ҳһ쿪ʼīл̫ʣ̫Ĳʣ
ƾʲôеҶ֪
ԣīŮĻȥûֻ̫΢΢̧ۣΪû̧ͷ¶ͷȫơŮʵһ㶼档
ĿʲôŮûбīıŵȻƽݸ˳īһ豭ĲɫӨ˱ǡ
֪Ӧ֪顣īӹ豭ûкȣǷ
ʱһֱĬŵĽڿڣīɣޱѾܶûˡ
ī΢΢һ֪صŮֽޱ뵽˸飬Ǿһֱޱ򰵵İ
˸Ĺϵ١ǷġīǷ˼ҵģ
ȻˣʲôʸǰˣСƢ
뵽⣬īվޱͽʩһ񣺡С֮ǰ£˵ãԲˡ
ޱ۾һ¶Цݣˮȴˢһ˳۽ǻ䡣
ЦЦȥˣȻͷ˵Ӧģ
ûʲôӦõġī˵ţȻǰĲ豭ллޱĲ裡˵֮һ
һɼȿɬζ˲ڳīըֿɬǳīȥδܹġൽ豭ӳȥɬֻһ˲䣡
Ϊţһǿҵ͸𣬽ǿɬζס
īϣ¶ޱ𾪵ı飬Ϊľʶ˲࣡
һ裬Ȼ۷ľʶ˴۷徳ܴﵽĳ̶ȣ
衭īһ𾪵ĿŮޱ
ޱпྡһ硭ѾˣϣҲֻʣôһ㡣Ҳûʲôöдģһ裬ɾ⡣
īԣ֪УǷ˼һ顣
һ˵ôûʲô仯
ҵľʶī֮ɫȻûȥڻϤָоһЩϰߡ
ǺǣǲǶĸ֪ȹȥˣЦʵ
ǵġīͷ
̾Ȼ˵ʵ裬Ҳ˶ģ˺˶ôĺôҲÿúôˣõĶһġ統꣬һгˣһ֮󣬾ͱൽУȻ˵ޱ
ޱһ԰˽һۣû뵽龹Ȼַʽ˻⡣Чƺá
֣óīʱһ£ܵĸоƺйءǱųĬû¶̫֮ɫΪҪ˵ĻȻ˵
ޱһ˵ʵҲûôأͨ裬һȫµĹ
˵Ҽ˵У֮һȻȳīôһ㡣˵
Ҳô˵ҵǾãЩ棬һЩȻ˵ĳɳͬйءޱ˵
īһһģڵԼ⡣һ˵ʲôֱ˵ɡ磬˭


949 Ի͵ļ
ޱ໥һۡ
Ȼ󣬽˵
īһ˵Ȼˣ
ҲãŮޱҲãǹȻʶԼĸĸģ
ٽϵʱڷǸĻīУѾһµĲ²⡣ԣ̧ͷʮƽĿޱͽˣƽ͵ʵ𣿡
Щ˳ī˿̲ƽġ
Ǹˣû˵Ӧʲô̹ĵУĸĸ֣Գī˵Ѿγһǿҵִ
ͬʱֶļȿ
Сʱʹ޹Լĸ׻ƳǴ´һ̤ϱѩ֮ԭȥʦʱԸĸӡ󣬻Ƿǳõġ
ⲢԸĸĿ
֮һһɳ֪ҲԽԽࡣţǸĸһҲпԵģ
㣬ֱڷž֮ϣǸԽǺӶ𡭡ױˣ
ǸˣһһС֣״ʹ˳īģʹꡣ
Ǹ̸ԼĸףּȵĲмóīŭɶͬʱӿһ޴ĵǣ
⣬óīβһУҲҪޱʸĸԭ
ڵģ
ڿ־壡
ԼôִôִţͶõȴһգ
ޱͽ໥һۡ
ʮƶ˵ţ
ޱһĨĲȶǡñǵĳī
ī飺ģ
ǳ˳飺ſܲ࡭š
ʲôش𣿡īҪĳ嶯
ش𣬾Ĳ֪̾˿һϵĿųī飬ô˵ɡǶΪĸӦûţţҿ϶ǻϣǲ֪ʲôطߣһֱĬĬע㡣ҲѾʧȥһˣСƹݺȵࡣʲô飬㸸׵ϣǸе֡
ޱһԵͷīȻ棬㸸׺񡣵ʵϣȴȻǺйغԭġ㸸ײһû·ƹ
ҵĸסһˣС裿īˡ
飬ǲ˵Ҳ˵鿴ųīֶᣡ
Ȼī̾˿Ǿ˵˵Ҹװɡ
㸸ףһĶ塣Ǹ岢󣬵ʸ֪Ǹˣֱ죬ȻǸηʧˡ̾Ϣ
ǰԼ˹棬𣿡īŽʵ
ЩεЦЦޱ㿴ɣȻ
ޱĬȻ
ͷµЩ𣬶ѡУµǸܣүү
ī壬̲סЩ
˵ʱЩĹеǶӣ˴ô뵽Ƭֹ֮ĳ
ԭǸطġȻүү
󣬳ī̧ͷŽ飺Ҳ˵ҵļ壬ʵѾˣǰɣ
һʱԡ
īֵȻǡʵĸ׵ˣңΪչҵģǰɣ
ٴγĬ¶һĨ˸С
ϸ˵˵ɡīĬһһһĨӨ漴ָǰĽޱ˵ģ˵˵
ʵĲӡ
磬ԭһӴĴ磬ûʲô֣֮飬޴
УͨˣҲߡ
ǸԶźĵĵλܵͣÿҪǵģβܻóôܻȥ
棬ıܡ
ȻҲ⣬Զŵĺе࣬ΪĿܶš
תַͨʼ֮·
һЩϵļ壬ġһһγϵԼĹķ
ҡһĹϼ塣鿴ųīңһֶصϵԳγɣһֱݻ죬ȻѾγ˺ܶɣʵףȻһ֡
壿īŽ飬ǿƥ׼ȷ˵ӦǿƥĹͷ
ԣ壡˵ڵľżʡ졢澳֮壬ǳҵ棬ġ澳֮壬ǳңҲûɹԡֻһļ衣ϣȴɹˣ
īϣû¶κεĽЩԺУƺһϵĻ棬һҵڲϵĳŸķʽ
ʱޱһ˵ʵ㸸ԭҲϣΪ澳֮ġ


950 ʥүү
ͷǰͲôһ㣬ҲΪԭǲںѡ񣬽ī͵˽硣
ޱףΪ˱ܻʵóīɳҲӦÿԱ֤ȫġ
˵ǵģϾôڳҵڡ
īš
ޱȻԻͣǳīүүǼ̤˸һ
ȻǳīүүʵȴޱȵĹϣһĹˣ
Ϊīүүֳԣʹܵ˸߲ĹעǣǱߵԶͿԽ޾ǺӶ
Ǹط򡣡鵭˵ǸطͨˣޱκһߣӵԶ߳ͬߵʵԪ
˵ţųīô˵𣿡
ܡīŽ飺ǲǾлʼҵ̫ѧԺ˽֮Ĳࣿͬͬˣͬʴӱĺӣ̫ѧԺĺӣ֪ʶȴҪ˽ӵĺԨ̫ࡣ
ԣͷԣ߳飬ܽЩˡ
˵Ѿúˡ
ϹʱһսѣѳĸףеԶ
ǸүүΪ׵ıʿ֮䣬һսЩû뵽ıʿȻǿЩˣȫ𾳽ʿΪ׾ٵѹ磬ȴܵǿҵķͱһսʧܵһ򡣡˵
ī̲סһ̾û뵽үүȻͣԶܹ
ҲΪһս׵Ǳߵŭ𡣡˵ͬʱ磬Ҳ⵽˻ԵĴѳĸ磬ԽĵطԽݡ
ЩӻǣûٶȹĴܣַӡ硭ޱһԽӹ˵ôĽǶʿ֮·֮硭Ȼûٳֹһλͬʱǵķӡүү·ͬʱҲˣ
ī˫ȭȻĬš
үүԭϣϣǿ϶ܹΪһȥĵۻʾʿ磬ʥˡڵǸ𾪵ʵڴ֮ǰүүһֱǰʥȻĻЩԶҲôһ߱졢ͻ¯ȫ硣
īг𾪣֪ԭ߱ҲáҲá¯ҲáЩȻȫģ
үүսУԶУͬһλʥܾ֮ˡԣһս֮үүֱӽԼڹ棬֮󣬾ûټ׷үүȺ𣬷׷׽Լ¡壬壬ħ𡭡ȫѡͬһ·ʵҿڵȴᡣ˵ڵȴһ챻ͱƵĻᣬʱǿ϶ٴν˼䣡
ޱʱ򣬲Σʱ򡣡
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ī̲סһޱҵ𣿡
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951 
⻰óīɫ̲סٶȱñǣ
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ޱ˵ü꣬Ǹʱ򡭡ѾˡȻһλ˾ˣߡ
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952 Ű2.0
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֮Ű棬ۺУһƪöӣϸĽ֮Űӵеĸֹܡ
Ű2.0ʱ
ӵ֡ʲô2.0ī⣬ȴ뵽⡭Ű屾еĹܣȴһֱûзſ
ҲޱԼ͸¶ôйأҲǸĵطŰⶫͲʲôϡˡ

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֪ԼȻĸȻǸɣȴԲµ˾Ųʮ
еĵģĸף
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û£ԺǳϵܻҪ鷳ءīعЦ˵
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ī¶һԳЦݣǰܲô
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Ҫñⶫīһ䡣
ʱԶһطһһЦĿǰɫǵŮӣ㣬Ҹܾˡ
ŮӵһˣЩŭĵ㿴Ǹ֣ʲôë¿áǲвҲ㣡
һίĿŮӣ㡭ϵİˣôԼȥлУ㣬˵
˻û˵꣬Ůֱ̧־ҪŵĶӣͷһء
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953 ɽ
Ű壬оڷ̣ԼȻһλȥȫɾٴ򡭡ɾֻʣһ֣ѡ˷͡
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ͦõġīĻظܿ췢
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˵ţҲתȥ
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ɽڶɱŶɽЩǿߣҲҵһ𡭡Ҫī¸
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ҵ鱨൱ɫһζԳī׷ٵУҵ鱨ʾǵǿ֮˾ۼĵط۴ׯǳ򣬼ܿ鱨ԱӰ
ǶκһһŮϣȫԹעͨ޶ͣ˽ֶͨΣѳīҳĲݡ


954 ҵ
ڷҵĵλ⣬ļ֮⣬УһصصӵܣţѾһˡʱ򣬾ɫȮڶĳ¥У
Һܶ˶൱÷һϽĶûУֱǵճһһˡ
֪ϸˣȴûκ˸СΪƹҵ鱨ţ
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Ǹʱķ棬ֻһʮͷëͷС
һֱڣľ磬ҲǴںڡ⡭ǿҴԴӲȥġ
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һΣܸĴۣҲһҪī¡
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᲻ãȴ֪ȷģôҲֵõģ
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˵ţŰ棬ҵһ˵֣˼ֽȥȻһѾѡʣµģͿˣ

ԶǵһͨʿĸҲһͨʿүү̫үүͨʿ㲻ϡֻͨбȽһ֡
ţеǮ
ɽͨˣΪؼ侫ԵʣԪҲȽϳ
Զɵүү̫үүһ߰ʮ޼յĹȥ
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żȴһֵļѵʯһ죬ʲôҪ󣬶ҪӦ
Сʱ򣬶£Щġż룬Լҵǲʶʲôʯ죬ɾͿԽ뵽ĳɳΪˣ
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󣬵ѾʮˡҲѾŸӡһŮǶܿɰ
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ϵıҲˣȵ߹ȥӵóһ鿴ȥܹϵĴʯ¶֣֮ɫĸס
ɵĸ¶ǰδе֮ɫ
Լ˴ʯ漴棬һͳǶܵĺ𣿡
ǳ˳飬ȴĻشǶܵʲôˣ
ùʲôˣ֪ݣܣǷҵҳ£һ鱨Ա鴫ʯݵ֤ڣһҪǣ֮ǿԻعңΪķˡԸ⣬شңһǵֵǼڲᡣԸҲǿ˵ȥȻ⵽һԵĴʯеࡣ
ɵһãȻҲЩңĸң
ɽǸңʯǱߣͳ˵
ɵĸǱƴĳŶӵͷʾϽӦ
һңҴӦ
ãڸ񡭡
ֱʯǱѾûϢȻЩûܻعãſԼĸף૵ǡǷҵˣ
ɵĸͬŲŵı飬̾ӦþˣСʱүү˵һΣ˵Ƕżңʵһ塭ֻǺʣүүʲô˵ˡֻҹעʯ˵ʯһ죬ǻعǰ࣡
šû뵽ȻĻᷢ顣ɸп
һʱ䡭ɽһ֪жˣͬʱĸп
ҲڳԼĸ׷Ƿҵˣ


955 ʱ
ֱһЦһĿԼףһֱЩ棬ҾǴĵõôһʲƸ𣿡
ĸһȥѮߣʵ⻹ӣ൱簮Ҳûб軵ͬ˵УҲ֡ĸһֱеοͽ
űҲûЩȥŵôùõһʾ˵ĲƸʲƸ֧һֱڡһֱЩ𣿡лһܣǾǳǱСӣ
ǶĲƸ
ǳ͸ģܹ˳һ⣬ܽ˵ȥ
ָһı飬̲סЦĪǸйأ
ͷ˵ڵǸˣгСڡȻǳĻ־ž޵ˣô֣ܽ
ָ΢΢һüң˵ǿ˵ɽһž޵Ĵܣ־ͽ
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˵⣬̧ͷĸףԣ׷гīġһǳ磡ȻҲΪʲôǵǲܲ룡
ָ⣬Ҳ˼֣̾˿ӣ˰ھܾѾˡ
ǿԳҲɵϣȻ׷ȻǿܲáͲӦǿ鴫ʯѾӦˣͲװʲô֪ӣװû
Ļһּңܱ֮˸
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ζʲôǷ˽عҵĴ㡣ȻܳһϵСˣĸסȴΪ·
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Ƕ벻ԼҵϾȻǷҵˣӵ˿ԻعҵĻᣡ˵ֱ͸˵ʲôܴ

īŰ֮ϣ˾ͼͼ͹Ϣ
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Цһ£Ȼ˵ô˵ЩȻʵôǼҲһһɲٰɢȥĻǾ͸ˣ
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ͷԣҲֻܼϣڳǱߡܹӼͦһЩ
˾ͼͼͷһ֮ɫ

ϢʱֶЩ΢΢ǰĿջϰ壬һʵ˵ǰӡһŮסĿջһԺӣû뿪
ջϰĵͷ˵үСĸҸģǶŮһͺܲԶӦóֵ
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ջϰһϲĵͷү˵Сһţ
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ɣСġջϰָһ·
ɻ֮󣬽Ϣһ£¶һǫЦݣջϰ˸񣺡ϰ塭ô


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ϣ񣡡ջϰЩԾ벻еĴʿɣƾȻģǲʶģĺѿ
󣬶һʳУһˮĲӣǸСԺ
ԺſڣһȻɤĽеǿջĻƣ͵ԵĹ
һ£ûӦֺһ顣
ʱ洫һûнгԵġ
͹ãƹԸġЩŵ˵ϵıǳʵƹ˵ǹͣѾˣȴһֱûгԶҸ͵
Ҫٴδ
Ǻðɡɲټ̽ȥתʳ˻ȥȴѾǿҵĻɡ
ûбһ֮ǰһͨʿȴһͷԵˡܵľסĿʮɻ󣬶ɻصջϰԼ·һĵԶǡ
ڳôʯҵϵԭܼ򵥣ŮȻǷҪˣ϶ͨˡһǶӵżߵΪԼոյľٶҲܿǵľ衣һչʶԼôܻܿᷢԼôʯϵ
ԣǳǣҲڳתһʱȫûκֱ֮⡣˳֮󣬶ɿʼչΣԶȥ
ԪӤ۷ʵҲѾǿһĹѾԶԶǡ
Ӧû˰ɣһ䣬ȻȡöʯýŶֻּҪסԶǵǶŮǷҪҵˡôɣӴ˾Ϳֱϣ
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Ҳһ˲䣬зһѿӳСһƣݺնԷ
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Զһơһīϱû˿ݣһǰ޼᲻ݵС˲ɢϢûܷ
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ΪʲôҪȥ֪̽סһŮֱӱȥΪʲôҪȥ֤ʵһ£
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ҡңҴˣҲҲʹ飬˳ױˡ
Լ˵˵ɡīɿ˶ɵ֣վǰ俴
ҡǷغܶİߣҵϣǷ鱨֯еһԱΣҿҼµĴʯʵʵĽ֪顣һЩƲ⡣
˱ֻƴʹڵأҰɡʲô˵ˣԺҲˡأҾһСɱҲɱҶûκʵ塣һһȺˡСӡ
īŶɣ˵֪ôҲһȺˣҲϲŮӡû߾裬ôͷǶꡣ㡭λᣬΪҵӢӴ˹ڲͬ
īᣬܵ·Ʈģûжκ̰ôҲãδҲã㶼ԹҸֵȻƽȴʲôΣϧ
ɵĻû˵꣬üıһöѪѪ˳ʳ
ţеԪӤƴĳײǷӡҪߡ
ī֣һץɵԪӤӵץ
ԪӤīƴҾġ
ī̾˿յ˼£ԪӤ˲䱻סһҲܶһֵĿųī
ī˵Ĩȥ䣬һ·סƽǸ
˵ţīӡһǿ˲佫ɵԪӤӡĨһм䡣󣬳īָһ㣬ɵԪӤͬһ֧Զա
Ҳ㡣һСԼ˵ɱɱʵûκʵ塣īɱȻŹԪӤɵҲ׷ı䡣
ΪҪһ飺ϣκ飬Ҫ۵ģ


957 ȥǸأ
ԶǡҲܼͣˡī˵
ѾȫЩѾ˼˵鱨ԱȫΪҵټ򣬵һһŮһ𣬾ͻᱻҵ˹עɣ
ī̲סЦһ£滹˶ֱҲֻзӴļ塭ܽ
ȴòϣַЧ΢һ㣬ıɳ˻ȫ֪ء
īţصԶǼջûȥҿջϰ鷳ΪʵûǸҪ
ص֮󣬷Ѿ˼ʲôīһĨ飬ţһ˿ЩյĻ˻ԴȻųīô죿
ī߹ס֣ЦЦľͺá
شò𰡣һ۳īһյ˵Ҳû뵽ڰʥȻôǿʱ޿̵ӰҡҸѾΪһ壬ҪϳȥҲˡ
ΪʲôҪϳȥī۾Ҿúܺã
ţ꿴ųī
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ȥڻǽʲôҶϲī˵黰ҲԽԽ˳
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ϲϲڵӡī˵
ˡǲǶϲԼŮ˽±ֵúܡţ±ڰʥӰЩȻ˵ڣɫ糺ĿųīڱǰȴҪֵʮʥࣿ
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ǿջϰһΣѾ֮Ҳûж롣ֻЩ֣Ϊʲôү

濴ǰܹ鱨һע⡣
ԶǵĶżңڸϵ֮󣬶ʧʯ˽
һ˫΢΢૵Զǣżң
Ű壬ֱϵһˣԸȥһԶǣԶǶżҵĶЩʲôȥ죡
ŰǱߣһǣ
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ˡڻȫȷƺЩ⣬ɵʧٺǶŮֱӹϵҲܱ֤ǶŮһǳī˰ɣ
ִ˵
ǣǱߵķʱһ࣬ʵʵ
ڷң鱨֯ԱĿУǵ죬ǵ񡭡ǵǷҼǵĿУûзҪ
ȫһûκοɱԡ⡭ҲǷĿֲ֮
ߵķ˼Ȼˣ׼սҪȥԶǣ
ȥǸأһȻ
浱ɫ䣬ȵˡ


958 ħ
ˣǶˡǵڷѾŽ
عͷǰĺ꣬̾˿ڻҪɱң𣿡
ԭѾŹ㣬㽫ͽϡԣޱ飬߽֮󣬾Ŀŷ档
ҲţãȻЦ˵ʵħҶܹ죬ĺ⡣
Ҳͦġ국˵󡣡
иͽܣ̾˿벻ˣȻħ֮
ǰҲأû뵽ҵͽܾȻô㡣ħƽ˭еֽ
ɷ֮ûܰǡ̫źˡ̾Ϣǿ˺ܶŪľ綾˵ǵСⶾҪޡ㲻㣡
Ҳ벻ɷ֮Ȼǳ֡ħһ̾ȴһĨȱɱ⡣
˵ʲôûˣǰɣ濴ħһ̾ȻѾɱߵлôȻҲŹҡҿһ𣿡
ܡħĻһ䣺СǷκˣ
ðɣ㶯ְɡ˵ţ̯˫֣һ̹ȻĿħ
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Ҫ˴

ϴ˿ȫعһߵı飬ŷ
ɫһһ죬һҧ˵¡ɽ磡Ҫóīħ֮أ


959 ɽ
˼һһֱû˵ĳվˣ˵³ִ򵥣ֻҪǽīħϢųȥôȻͻвȥǡħԲض˵ɽеĳУֱţëֻҪŵϢųȥ»Ͼڲ˶֪ˣī֪˸࣡˽ʱ콾еĽ鶼Գ̻һʿ˭ʣԣҪˣ±Ҫħ˻Ҫ࣡ǡǰϢųȥ֮󡣳ֲ˸ʹ֮⣬ܹõʲôҪһʱĳɱǵǣ
ϵĻ÷һĬȷϢųȥҵȷʲôôҲò˳īħǵĳޡ
Σһ˵ֻҪǵϢųȥͻǣǾôʹҷңҲûоǡԹҲϾ
˵ˡȫ̫ΣˣǵĳѾǲ£ǽܷŹǷң֮ǰħǴӦĺúõģǷҴСӽɡôһԡһ첻Ƿңһѵ̫ƽҡ
ŷˣ˵ǳīҲкܶ࣬ҡϹټҡҡЩĴ壬ȫžҪŪأֻҪˣЩ١ҪǷһ飬ֻһ㡭Ƿ˵Ҳ㹻ˡ
ǰ˵е˲Ƿպ󽫼ȮѰ
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ͬ
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Ȱ䣬ɿǼᶨĿԼԾԾԵջǴͷҵĳϣһܲһӣǣζųϵλÿճһ
ʣµЩϣôܲۺ죿
ˡȻѾǡ׼ˣЩѹ˵
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ˡҪ˭ܹˣȥɣһ̾ţˣ˵Ϣݸ
⣬ħġһĨɱ⣺֪ͨиħгЩ˵ħʵǡҷҵĺܶڴʿϢɱСģ
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Цͷѵⲻʵ𣿡
ϵ漴鲻ԽĴ˸ս૵ȷ˺ܿ£
һϢӷҷ
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ڿʼһЩϢ˸֮Ű֮ϡ

һĺм۵ˣγһܴĺ
ܰס
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һոµСľݣСľݵĴϣŸָļֽǼֽǳ£ƾס
Сľݵ棬һӣһոǫ̨̃ȼŻһڴڹ棬Ų֪ʲôҰ޵⡣
ˮѾһƮ
һȹŮӣ̨ǰЦе̨Ų
Զĺߣһһµӣһͣ߱ˮһƴ
磬ˣҪأŮغ
Ȱѵϰ˵ķӽȥӴ˵һԣ
áŮЦеĵͷȻһڹӸֵϣһʵķװ
Ȼˣ˸統˽ʱ㿾ˣЩĵھеʱ򣬾ַύѣ
ŮһЦôԺۼĻˣ
û⣡ӴЦţһʮصĽɫһЦı¸һ
ŮȻһЦʤʢĻ
췭ظѰһԴǿǿɽڣ


960 նĲӬ
һһŮȻǳīꡣ
һԴеķ׷ţʲô׷ɱʲôҡʱ׵Ժ󣬹ͬѰһƽ
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жŰ壬ŰͻȻ䱬ϢȫˡȻ˹صŰ壬
īĳ̸жãҲ̫Сûʲôչ˵Сʱ취ԼĶӡ¥īҲ¥Ĵʦ͵ѧ˼С
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У˵㡣
ߣڻ¶˼˰ɣ˵һ

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ԶգȴһӰٷɹ
ͳīֹ֣ͣȫǱ߷Ӱ
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ţīߣһɫӰɫӰϣȴĺ
еĺȫ̺޾ѹ
ŭһĺŶȺˡӹȥ
ͬѹ


961 ħͷ
ɱȺʿԭͱī׺һû뵽µĻں棡
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Ůħ壡ǿϵĺǿۡһʿָš
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962 
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ƾʲôҵһƾʲôҵ̰ƾʲôߵġܻΪѹңͿԵõһУ
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ֳ֧īģȻ˵뷽跨Ϊīб绤Գīģȴ˸߲ңŷһƴĨųī
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һֱйϵǽڴۡѾܶ꣬ûܹԽڴ۳ɵ۵䡣
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меϵ̲סվ֤ʵ˹ݡͬʱһϵһζĻ
䣬ЩԻǣܶ࣬ȴǶѡȻʱ貣Ҳһʱţٳѵһľ콾ʵбġ
仰ͬƽͶµһʯ˲첨


963 ɱķ
ʮɵ۵ľ콾Ȼбģ
ܶ˵һӦ̫ˡţΥĻʶ
Ϊĳ̶ֳ˵ԼѾһšӵǿѪᣬӵ˼ߵľ硣ܹ磬һõ֤
ǲխݲ˱Լ㣬ֻǾʵ⡣Ϊǵ֪Уʮɵ۵Ĺ˲˼飡
ȱϢǸͲġ
һ˾ôţ֮ǰҲ̫ܻܹ𵤣ʮԪӤڡڡ׶ΣҪʮʮʱ䣡׼Ѿǵ콾ˣ˷֮ѣӴ޽ɵɣٵɾ磬Ҫʮʮʱ䡣ôһҪɾ磬ҲҪʮʱſԣ鵤õСƣʮ̤޽ɾ磬ȥҲṳ̂뵽ɾ硭
˵ģǵɾҪʱ䡣ãжţǵ츳ǿ£ǵԴҲ㵽£Ҫ̤뵽磬ôšҲҪʮʱĥ°ɣѵ̤֮һɵ۵ģ
Ҳܹ޷⣬Ϊһͨʿ˵ԪӤڣܾҪʱ䣬ڣҪǧĻۣٴӷڵ޽ɡɡЩ磬ҪޱĹ
Ȼųо콾ڣôţҲҪʱİɣ
ЩɻһЩϱĵŰ˽
Щ˵ų̶ȣǵ֪ףʵ֪⡣˵һʿ˵˿ʮԪӤʮͲֻΪ񻰣ǻ롣硭ȴǿʵֵġȻȴûС
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˵⻰ϵīʶֻ˵һ乫ѡõµн磬е̫ˡŰĳ֣úܶĸԾ̿
κθĶվֻǸܳΪȫīǸѵõţĳ̫ˣûкĳԹͲҪһֱţûʲôġ
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ме֪ϵϷûͦīʵϣȴڷȰЩˣҪȥҳī鷳
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зʿȻ鲻Խķһ


964 ɽ緭
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ޱȷŭͬʱȫüһ󷢺һЩ˵Уɿʼ룺Գīһȷѡ
ܶ뵽˵ħһ׮ҰħԶĳīͣȴȻɽ磬˳صĴжٷڵĴʿڵֻǴڵħǸʱħֻǸƴһǿս
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ոһ£ǻǣҲҪϵһֱۡǵħҲӲһ¡ī͸ңҡһһֱôģ
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965 ޵ħ
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ħͬһصŮӣںЩҪԳīֵʿɱذ޹⣬ɱɽѪɺӡħɽ磬Ѿûж֣һԼʮͬʿҲûκ
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ǺǡħԵĺȹŮӣ﷢һЦЦöЩ˸еĺ
ǷڵĴʿŭСΪҵŮѵͲļ𣿡
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Ҫɱҵͽܣħһ˲ƶһڵĴʿǰݺһƳȥ
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ħһеĹӳֱӽԴѾñΣ̨÷ķʿͷ­ն¡
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ʣЩʿһӣױתܣ
ͬոûħЩսϳʿһͬбȺ˷ȥ
ħһվ˸Ĺâǣ¶һĨм
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ֻݶԵһ¶ѡħ˵ңû㣬죬ûܶͽһë
߰ɣȥȹŮȻһЦǡ


966 ҷ
ҡ
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ŵЩǣҲƺ«һһԲһ۹۱ǱǹģƺҪĬеס
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治ˣ
ȿȡųĬһڼ峤ϣ˵ңһ뷨
һڷҵĳ̧ͷ˵ɫżֲֻʡϸһ֮ǰ緢顣֮ǰȫмע½緢ġ
Σǵ˸߹ͷ­ȥһ¡õĴ𰸣ľս־嵽¡
Ͽŷɳ˵ʲô뷨
ң봫λڷ㡣˺ܴ˵仰˵֮һϡ
Ϊʲô
˼
⡭̫Ϸ˰ɣ
ӵڶ࣬ճһз񡭡
зǡ
̸£һڳͻȻˣģҲ˲ָһ
һԲֻǰĿˡ
һڳҲоԣ׷ױͣСĵĿŷ
ؿھòᡣµЩȻƣȨƵջȴȺһ̸ֻ⣬ͬ˼Ѫһ㣬ͷԡȴǻģ
Ǿáңδ𣿡ޱĿˣʳһ仰
ǳī˵׷ɱлСĿŷʵ
ŭЦǺǣϣáī֮ħΣ
˵ǿܶ࣡
ħô˵׷ɱڻĺúõģұøǿóīĻ׷ɱУ˵
÷̳мֱӹϵ𣿡ĳϸԸ˵Ҫ÷̳мһǧһ⡣
̳мɱ֤Ҳ𡣡˵ţ̾˿治ף


967 ʳ
һڳ϶ʱĬĲ𣿵ȻǣʵϣȺϣһ˾һûзḻǵͷԣȻĻܳΪһĳϣָ
Ƕ÷
ķңҲֻһˣǳīġ
ǰǱ˼ķСǳīʦīȻΪѾ壬ֻ
һǷˣ
ȻҪϷЩˡ
һʼ㲻֪ʲô磬ͼվ˳īһߡ
д˵˾ͼͼӰ죬ִԣڲǺϿɡΪһֱǸҰĵˣҲһ൱ǿƵˡڲûλãûȥʲôֱӽĿͶ档
֮ǰڳīò˼꣬šΪ֮
ҲΪʲôȻڷڲϲȴҲӵһλԭΪ
һΣվӶˣǳΪ˳īħĵˡڳīѾƳɣħѾƲɵִ֮£ұ𿴼Ҵҵ󣬵ȴͬеĴ󴬣ʱ㸲Σ
㡭ȴһʼվȷվ˳īһߡ
ʱ䣬Ҳܴڷ뷽跨īϢ˾ͼͼ˾ңһޱȷľ
ǳΪ˳īѣ
ž޴ѹΪīҡźڰаæӿָ͸ָĴ˼Ҷûиı⡣
ںˣīħʦͽѳɡ
ǰ죬Ϊɽ綥ɣĵڣͻȻѸ£˵īǵΪʵѣڽīˣ
ڵѹҵǸݡ
ԣҳ׷ˣ
ǾͲҵﵤڣڡң
ͬ⣬Ϊһļ̳ˡãҵĴϣ̾ϢһͬʱѡȥҴְλˣ׼ǱһЩ֮󣬳޽ɡ
Ҳͬ⡣̾˿ͬʱҲȥҳְλ
Ҳͬ⡣
ͬ⡣
һڳϣԸȴȷǸѡ
ϣ¶һ˿οı飬ȻҶͬ⡭
Ҳͬ⣡ʱͻȻ䴫һ߿ţһŶ롣
ŭһȥ
û˵ֻĿŽǸˡ

֮ǰҺߵһμ̳ߣҲһԳī¼ķˡ
ŭͲʣ¸ҵĸҲĸ׶ţʲôƾʲôʸ̳зҵļ֮λ
ô֪ģűĻ档ûлش⣬ʳеɻ
ҵļϻᣬ䶼Ƿӡŵģûκο汻ȥǡ˵УȾʹ˸֮Ĵʯй¶˳ȥ
ȻѾжȥ֮λΪ˱ȫ֮٣ĸԸҲһʧ
һûλȥأǾѾʼôˣӣɨڳˡЩֵǣûпκζߡ
ң˵еЩϣǳ˽⡣ѵϰߣ˿̣ûκϿ쳣ĿٴͶ˷һһٵʵ㣬ô֪ģ
ҡҡ񵱼֧֧ᣬ˵ҲǱϢˣܲ˵ĳһʣʱ֪ˣⷿ͵͵ŵǿ鴫ʯѾ˺ܶˣ
Լ֮⣬û֪¡
Щĳϻᣬ֪顣ŴδһֵܵлȻһܵ׵ʶΪߵļ̳ѡ
عô˵̳ˣǷ׶ӣҲҪԲ˶ߡ
˵Ȼŭֱվǰ
ͨһڵأһԲ
ӸµĿԼӣĵ㲻˵ǰɣ̧ͷ򷿼һɫĳϣѣϸϸĸһ飡
ҪͻȻסȣˣ˺ɣ֪ˣˡ
гϢ벻ҷĶӣȻôǺǡǺǡȻЦҲº˺ܶ࣬ʵҵĺöӣ㵱ϼ᲻ĸأ
ᣬᣬһᣬᣡ϶ǻģѾӸ׵иоǿҵΣɴ˵϶ĸ
ž
һ졣
Խѣڵϡ
ʱһƬš
ʳӣȻԼ׶Ӷɱڳгϣȫľ
öӣڶԪ߰ɣȥɡϣ¹ˮ૵Ը񣬷һ̨ģʱԵľǻɢʱɱ㣬÷㰲ģһ·


968 ɿ
һڳϣһ̣ȫ̲ס̾Ϣ겻ѡ
ȷǻʳӡ
Ǵ˿ѾˣôҲ֮٣
ȷǵзŴʯѾǴɣշҵļҷ϶ҪɱġǼĶӣҲӲ̷
ɹǹأڳЩˣ˭˵Ҫ񷨰죿ԷһЩΪӵܣ޷
Σ˵ԷԸһ̨ΪҼ϶һʱ򣬿϶ᶯеһԴ㶷
Ȳ˵Ƿܾڣܹڵ𣬿ɷǷĶ𰸣ڳж
ʱһ·Ź
ۺϵһ佫ŶӻɢھͽʣһڶԪ񣬽л޻޷ߣ١ûвķŷһ·һӵĸ̵ġ
˵᲻ģڷĿǷΧѾˣ㻹Ҫô
󣬷ôʯϵ˹ͨһʱ֮á
ţѸ£λӵܷ̳зҼ֮λͬʱĸףү㣬Ϊҵ´ϣݴ㣬ʹȨ
ͬʱԷμݣ˵һɽͨ棺ָù÷СҵŮݣСΪϡ
һɽȻں̵ܶʱ췭ظľ䡣
ڷ飬ҲֻСΧһ¡ˣѽĿŵ˷֮⡪ħͳīһʦͽϣ
ŵڵķɽĶҡңҲһޱǿӲɽⳡңܹƵĵط
ҼΪ֧ī֮䣬ѪԸħ年ĳīҷģħͷīսף
ҼΪ֧ī֮䣬ѪԸħ年ĳīҷģħͷīսף
ҵһģһ
ͬʱɽ̾Ӵ壬Ҳڳ׽ҿɴǸĹϵ֮ڡ
֮ǰû˻ɹҸҺ֮ĹϵҶûӦϾһϵ˲ö֮ҲϰˣȥǸĹ
û뵽ɽ綥ţȻķ֧
Ҹңͳīֶ֮ԹһЩ֪ġ
ҵӵƽ͸īֱӹϵĵʸī֮ĶԹ򼸺û֪һƽѾ㹻ˣ
Уƽʲôݣīʲôݣŵ˵ҵƽͳī֮Ĳ࣬ͬеĻӺСӣ
ĴӣȻΪһ˽ӶŹ֡
Ҿ͸˵ˣӢǶֵܻ¶ءǼ£ļ֮䶼϶
ҸؼҺͶ֮䣬Ĺϵǳ΢ؼҺͶȻͬϲīǸ޵ġȴң
ΪǶӣͬҲʧž޵Ķ֮壡
˭֪ʫͶڸīվͬһӪҲ̫ٻصԵļȥˡ
ߣͬʹ޳ī
һΣɽжŷ֧ҺңЩȲˡ
ǲȵī֮ԳīˣΪǶĲкܶλߵϵȻ޵ġųī˵
ɲʲô£Ȼǻ벻ͨΪʲôȫϣīɳ뿴īɹķ硣
ɽҺңиԱļԵõԴķǿĹȵȵȵȡҺҶţ㾡ɽ綥ڱһī
˵¸ε壬鵤йأ
ڡ鵤ɽķ֧һιվ˳īߡ
ⳡսҲġҺ鵤õһμӽ֣
̽
һī͵ڰˣǾ˵ҵ߸鵤õӡҲԶˣ

һƬãĴԭϣһӣͬһǶ棬
Ϧ£ϼɣˮһɫ
īЯںӰߣŽʧڲԭͷաһƬѤϼ꿿ڳīͷ˵ҺҲءǱߡȫԸ𣿡
ġī˵ⲻΪҡ
鵤ɽķ֧ҺңͬǿⳡսѾƫǵƿءڹ˸˵ҲϲָоҪһСƿԼ
īźۼĿһ꣬һЦǺðͷǾͽһ
ǣңּᶨ˵ңŮ㣬ŮˣǸصľǿߣ㲻Ҫκ˺κǣ㣡


969 
īЩǵĿ꣬ȻָоǸЩ龫ֵŮӰƺԽԽԶڰʥӰ죬Ĳһǿ
ƫͷīЩǵĿ⣬һЦ磬ڵô
īЩǣǿһЦ
˵ұʲôӣǰԶǸСŮ
˵䣬˿˿ƣȻ˫ۿžµȥ
īĿסĿꡣ
ЦţϿʼ־¶ֹĻƣеϢҲڲϵ
硭Ȼ֣һĨš㱻ĺ
īҪȥץ֣ͻȻһȻʧԭءڸ֮ϡ
һ˳ӳһɸѹ˳Ǻͷų
ۣ
īһѪ
䣡
¡
һ޾ĲԭʼҲһװ죬ӵص׷һ޴Ѻ۳
ͬǶԭϵĺһɲǼʧԭ֮ϡ
īҪ÷ˮͨҲܸӦطо֮䱻׳գȫеϣ
е꣬һǿޱߵһżʹŭ
īҪϸ죬ȴȫûκΰ취
ɢǹѹʵ̫ǿˣ
ڰʥһ̡׸ˣ
߱Ӳзɳ˵ɱңָյꡣܵǿҵв
߱졭Ҫīʮʹ˵Ҫ˺
䣡
һף˳žĶ£ֱֱϡ

ĺһĶϺȡ
ǵ׻ûϣȻ飡
ȻһɤӸ飡
ôīΪʲôö˶˵ģͻȻȫѹƲסڰʥ˵ٻѹư
Ϊʲôīŭ
硭Уǵ˫ӰУͻȻһ
ţޱȱīҰɣѾˣ֮䣬ע˲κνġ
㲻꣡㾿˭īŭ
ߣϣǵ˵ţһ̧֡һڹī
ڹУ̺ޱߵ
ڹؼʱֱ̣ۡȴȻ̧һ¡
һգֱӴԶС
ƬϢ̮γһޱȹУֱӽĴһ׵ľ޴ӣ
Ҫ˺ٴһΣдޱߵķŭ
ߣһ϶ѣŮûκˣҲԶزȥκǰ㣬ֻ꣬Ů߸ϵŮֻҪĳݣǵͬϷ
ī̧ͷеǵӰƺЩˡǸոǷ̼˺ڰʥŵǵ꣡
ʥԭʥ˵ܵľʥӵĸȾ̶ڻΪ˺ڰʥôڰʥеǸꡭīţ͵һݡ
Ȼ뵽һµ飡
ڰʥпܣҪ꣡
ڰʥī뵽⣬Ӳſֲѹնֱӷϸ졣
꣡
ǣ
īǿƥ澳֮壬Ҳ޷ѹĹͷʼ׷ѡѪ˳īȴʲôûиоһ㡣ֻǰѾƣϲɫƵŮӡ
֪Ѿˣ壬Ѿռݣѹˣ
ϡʲôзȻ̧һָһٴī
һΣֱٴβһ£ȴǳ֮СȫӰ쵽һ
зˣľҲôԶΪоΨһĺķһЩʱգѡڰʥһ˲䡭Ѿˣ
һī޿ɱܡֹѾԽɽ磬ȻǿȲûгԽʿǿȣ̶ȣ־޴ѹī޷ܣ
ϣ
߱
ڳīǰ档
飡
ǵػ֮߱ϡ
飡
һ죬ţһǿˣ˲佫īɡ
ԭѾ˲ĳīֱӸٵ׷ɳȥзڲѡ
һзҪ˺
ħһ첻һ첻˵Ľ٣㡭ӦƬǿ£ǿǸٶȷƵ꣬ವһ£嵽īǰݺһƣųīĹ
߱һκڳīǰͬʱ¯˵һɵīͷǧ֮ī廤ڵС
ֱӷɳѪͬʱ貵Ĺâеꡣ
Ƭգֱˡ
ޡ


970 󻹵
ʲôӣҶϲ˵
ҪǵñǿҪң˵
ҺҸ˵
ҲҸ˵
ʵߣҸ
Ҳǡ
Ҹǡһ
һ
һ
һ
󣬻۳֣һ£ڳīľʶըȻۡ
ôīоԼҪѿˣ˺ѰʹԼʵϣֻ
ۣͷ񷣬һƬңӹ
ѵŲһԴһңһƬ۴ǲаܳ

īһо⣬лת
ȫ£ܶһ¡壬ģȫܿơ
أīãȻƺ˼ɣ૵أ
ಣ
ಣ
ԶУʼһӰֻǶԶԶվߣżƬãĲԭûй
﷢ʲôôǾһµս
㣬īħͷǸŮƺһ
ѵ֮䷢ڧͬھˣ˶Ĳ²⡣
ǲܣ
ԽԽˣۼߣʩչͨ
˻
ʩչͨ󷢳һʹ˫۾Ѫˮ˳ָʳ
ţÿһ־ľУҵ۾ңҵ۾ʲôˣ
ţ
ȫһֵĿ˵ܣɽҵһϱʿȻԣʵϣȴһܿµһͨΪۣͨԿȥδ
ոʩչۣͨҪ﾿ʲôȴû뵽һ˫ۡ˷ϵˣ
˵ʿʶȴû˻ԸԼ˫Ϲ
˭֪϶ǿֲĵˣָܻܲһδ֪
ȫЩŵˣվ鲻ǰ
ʱһʿģ߳˸һǱߣȻߵһ˵㡭ȥһۣʲô
ҡȥ˴ʮ߰꣬ҪȥǱ߲鿴ʱһ־塣
ţʿĿ㲻Ը⣿
ȥʮ߰Ͻͷ
ȻһҧǱֱӷ˹ȥ

ķĲУīڸоԼһ˿˫֣˲óһСƿ
򿪣һӨĵҩ
һʮĴ󻹵磬ļֵҲҪƷ쾧𡣶һмСǷУĳƷ쾧ļ۸Ҳ⡣
ΪĶֻҪһţֻҪͿڶʱָеơ
ŵҩīڵĲҲ𣬵Ϊ鵤֮һֱõĺϵ鵤͸ġ
īŴ󻹵ӦǷ봺͸õġ
һֱīûжùŵҩŵҩꡣΪл¯ֻҪõ󻹵ҩģôͿơ
ϧûеȵһ̣ͳˡ
ڳī֪ǻ
ĳīȴǿ侲ˡѾǵǸЩɵꡣûгŪ֮ǰɵĳ嶯
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īҪҩУȴѡҵʹͷϵĺŴ
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ȫµйͷѿˣ
ûг׷飬Ϊ澳֮塣ʿڵʱϱǹѹǰ˲ͻᱻѹ
˰쾢īڽ󻹵뵽ԼĿС
ꡭ꣡
ô򵥵һóīﴭ˰졣
󻹵Ϊҩڳī֮Ƭ̹ҩ㿪ʼǿһ˲ɢ֫ٺѸ޸ųīедˡ
ʱԶգһӰ
ӰƶٶȲ죬СĶһ
Ȼܿͷǹѳ޴Ĵϣһˣ
ﾹȻ˻ţʿ̲סһȴҶͨȥǸˡոλϹ˵Ļ棬дԺСԣʿһģСģųīȥ
ڣīʮľ룬Ӹ£ڸ֮ϣڴϵǸˡ
ǡʿ΢΢üͷһɵĴǸˡ
īĻѾõǸһ飬Ǿǣī֮ǳѰҪһϳīǲܵ顣
֮ǰҪҳīȽףߵǸŮȽϺϡڡ߲ûκˣֻԼҿƺˡ
ʱʿϵĴʯæʯ洫ʿ㷢ʲôˣ
ؼ·һ˵ʿص
ʲôǸ˴Ҫ죡ʿ˲伤Ը
Ӧһصʯֲȷ˾ǳīʲôף
˵䣬ոǸطʱһԭˣȻʧˣ


971 ħͷ
ʱһĵأոջأ˵ţδӰ
ʮľȻͨ˵ԶܿʲôɽЩʿ˵ͲʲôһֻϣǸﶼܿ˵ʮ֮һˡ
䵽֮ոǸŵĵطһЩѪҲȷŵĺۼͬʱлһ˿˿ҩζ̲סüͷȻ´
طعѾˣҪʶ̽飬ܵõ׼ȷϢ
ȻȥûΣգʵȴΣķȻĻЩҵҲԶԶĶڼ֮ⲻҽ
Ӹ߿տȥƬ޴Ĳԭϵѿ׵ķ϶ʵϣÿ϶֮䣬żǧľ롣곯һ϶ܹȥ
ڱܵĹУͻȻмʿųһ亹
ʱϵĴʯٴսսĽͨ
ǱߴʿЩô£أôôĥ䣿Ǵһ˳𣿡
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ˣô£ǱߵʿҲһ˿
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˵ţͷ̽ǰ޴ķ϶
϶ϰɣɲ⣬һƬ۷ĿҲס
ѵ˵ǸȥˣӦðҵʶûôã١ҲƤӵһ⡣
𣿡һЩƽͻȻ걳
걻ŵòɢ͵תͷ̧־һ
¡
һ߰˹
֪Լ˴㱻æҵĶֲǱС
һϡ
һȣһ˲ʧˡûüҽУһֱۣһУҲ˲ʧ
ڷһĲҽУȻء
ȴҲøıܿ⼸ֿ׵
겢ûиоֻۣо־壡
ɲĶ֮һͬʱҲֲĶ֮һ
УΪصĺΪȵ˻Ҫ£ȻֲһЩ취ġɵƣõġ
һȺһ첲ʧˣȻûһѪҲûиоۡǾûйһȺһ첲Ƶġ
־־壬ŵ۴
Ҫǲôܶһᣬģûƭ㡣ǵЩƽٴ
侲Ǹ򡣹Ȼǰ˾ǸոʧǸˣ
㡭ǹ߶µʵ
īһЦвɣ
Ҳīĳ֪ǸˣȴӸе־壺Ϊʲôûй㣿ոôͻȻʧģ
⡣ī˵ҿԻش㣬ΪһᣬҲҪشҵ⣬Ǿ͵ƽˡ˵ţҲӦֱ˵ңΪûһҷ𹥻ΪһڵɽʿȻ㳣ʶûƽôģҲûʲôϵǵһ⡣
ī˵ţǰӣ۾ôͻȻʧġȻйʧġȻΪ
ʱһЩߵĿųī㵽˭
ѾǵˡЩ̫̰һش⣬Ѿܸˡڣֵˡī꣺ҵˣҵˣ
㡭ǳīʱ¶޾ľ֣ʼȥץϵĴʯҪϢ߸
ī
ΪҵӵܣǺҳϵġ
īüվͻȻ̧ţݺһšʣµһֱۡ
꣡
һĹͬʱģһҵµĲҽ
һΣɲУû˿ʹСһ۵衣
ɫ˲ޱȲ԰סԭѾϵĴʯҲһԡ
īһŽʯԱߵѷ죬ʯֱӵȥû
ϣ¶֮ɫĹâҲīб¾ɱң
ġī˵֮ǰҪ㼸⡣
붼룡Ŀ
꣡
īһ̤ʣ棬ֱӽȹǲȶϡ
һĲҽС
㲻˵ְ취㿪ڡĥ˵ֶΣһܶࡣī˵
Ǹħħͷŭ
˵ˣīâһһ̹Ȼͷϡ


972 Űɱ
޼ΪɽҵӵܣǸ߸ϣߵﶼأ߿һۡ
ī֣Ȼ˵һʼĸֲмӣĲʣٵЩη塣ʵǳġ
һ˽߳꣬ô̶ֳȣΪô֮죿ΪԼҵɡ
īħ壡
ҲֻħЩֶΣѸٵΪ
ǵģһħ壬Ǵħͷ
УԹĹâųīҧΪҵӵܣᶪԼϣ
ôգī۾ɴЦǺģ́һָһֱӴĵ
ۣ
ĵֱӱ̴һĵֱ̨ӽ򴩡Ѫʳ
귢һ־ŭ˻𣺡־ɱң
ĥ𣿡ī꣬ʵ
굱΢΢һЩĿųīΪʲôͻȻ⡣
Ȳ岻ڵĶҲûҿԸ㽲īЦǺǵĶǰЦе˵Թɣôḥ̂һĥġĥٺ٣𣿡
â˸Ȼ뵽ĵطȥˡ
īЦһգ˵ĵ̨ȥһḥ̂ǿתûжĥĥġֻ塣ԡ
˵ţī굤һָ
䣡
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Ȼųīһ
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ۣ
͵³һѪ
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оԼĵȻǱһ㣬̨ȻʼٵתתȫԽƽʱܳܵĳ̶ȡ
ĺ﷢һ춯صĲҽУħħ
ԣӽҾǶħ֣ͦϲī˵ţĵ̨תԽԽ졣
һѪ⣬˳ĵб̨תƻµˣ
귢ĲҽƬ̹ӾһϺ﷢ͣ㡭ͣ
ŶīӦһʩչĵ̨תøˣ

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˵˵ҪʲôҶ˵귢ĺС
ڣҲ֪ˡī˵ţĵ̨ת£
һſֲаһֿµĹֶΡֱӹԷĵ̨ͨЩ̫̣ȥĳīûҪʹͨ
ڣīѾȫںˡ
Ȼעܰ˭ǵĳɳô˭Ϊҵĵˣ˭Ҫ޾ŭ
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ĵ̨ڲɣһȻ죬гױ
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귢һֲĲҽУֱӻȥ
ȥ֮ǰ꾹ȻһֽѵĸоͬʱҲޱȵĺڣ˱ĥԭָоֱ
ڹȥøֶĥšǰħֱС׼ףԶˣ
īһ̧֣ѣȻޱĿѾ׷ˡ
ۣоԼ궼Ҫˡ
ڣ׼ɢī˵
Ҫ㡭ˮ˳ۿʳҡҴû㣬Ҳûǹ㣬ĳУɱңҲ͹ˡ㲻Ҫһɢ
ڻұҿס𣿡ī꣺ԣҲûá
ҿԸܶܣ˵
ոһеȤڡīվʼ磺ûˡ
˵ţһ̧֣һâüģֱӺ䱬ľʶ
λʿ˲ɢ׵ʧƬ֮䡣
īޱһֻףݺݵĳķȥ
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ʬ壬Խһżһ£ٶȲ
֮⣬ȺҵʿĵȴţͻȻ˳ҲտһӰ߷
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һȺҵĸ߼ʿŭţȫüҪѪ
ʬȥңﴦ˿ڣȴĴĿġȻ˫Уžŷֿ־һݰ󡭡
īҸƲɽҼλʿŭ


973 
֮⣬һŶڲƲģһΪǳ֮ǰѾƲء
ʿΪ𳤷壬ӱ㣬ļ𳤴һ֡Ϊ֧ݵλ֮𡣲ôҲɽҵһ֮֮ǰûб¶ҵĹϵɽҲһ쵱Ĵ
ڴ˿̣ȴû̲ס˵ˣȥ
һҵĳ΢΢üЩԥ
𳤷ȵȥ
˵䣬ֱӳƬҵճȥͬʱһ巨ס
ľ룬ڴʿ˵䡣
ȺҵʿҲֻܸһ𣬳档Ҳȫıס
УмùУҽŴӸ䡣
ˣɹıܿϮ嵽˳īڵطϿաѾܹǹѵͬ֩һĴϣվŵǵЩݵӰ
𳤷ŭһ
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־ٶֱ̫񡣲ҪأҲڽھء
һΣնɱӣô˵ɽңҡҲһᱻ֧飡ԣһǶˡҲҪ׳𳤷һ壬ҧ˵
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īһµеɫּ̨ȫû˷ӦǿޱȵķҲһ˲䳹ʧȥϵ
󣬳ī𳤷Ǿء
īԭһرñӡˡˣȫ˲ʹ÷ͨˡ
Ҫַͨʽɱңīǣ¶һĨЦ૵ǿ֪ܲҵжôǿᡣ
ī˵ţ͵Ŀʼÿһ̤ڴϣһƵ졣۾Ϊһֻڱܡ
澳֮Ŀֲ֮һ˲䣬쾡£
īԽԽ죬ÿһʮԶͿԳһ
գ֮䣬ʿѾֻʣ¼֮ң
áˣôܻܵô죿һҵʿһֵĿͬĳīĿⶼЩ
ৣ
һ
ʿͷ­ʱ߸߷
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ע⣬īĶܿ죡
СˡƺȻӵźǿս
Ǹû˵꣬㱻Դһǿķʿôֱˡ
𳤷ĿѣŭˡۼһΧɱΧɱ
ȻΪȫӡȺǿʿǽƾսҲ͡ѸپۼһȻʼųīΧɱ
īڻɱ˼ҵʿ֮󣬸ͣתܡ
ˣ
׷ħͷ
ҵʿںŭ
ǿ챻ˣ벻֮󣬷ǰԼӽˡԼһǧˣһˡȻֵĸо
ָоǷŭҲǸе̿֡
׷𳤷һȳųī׷˹ȥ
ͬʱ˴һǧ֮⡣
ҵǧǿߣҲһȺ˸סΪ׵ģһ꣬ߣվһźȹɴ欼ѩ׵Ůӡ


974 ϵ׶
ҵĶ鵱УΪ׵һˣ°ӵڵУһȥѮҵߣ߰룬ʮţһ˫΢Щ˸ž⣬Ŷĺ꣺ħҪҵǳīסǣô£
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߱ҪѪĳ嶯ŭħħ㲻Ҫ֪ô㱻ɽΧʱҲû侮ʯ
ûôħ˵СҵģСҵģ
ߵɫȻһ䣬ħϵ˲ڶ𣬳ССɱģ
ħߵСǰǣΪһ֮˵˼ɽϵĵ͵캦鲻֪ж٣浱ɽ˶Ϲӣӣɵӣţ²͸ǰɣ
Сȵ
ǸҲзСҽħССߵĻСС׿ڳϣȥ׷ɱҷô쵱˵ҳ𣿡
㺬Ѫˣŭ
Ǹ˲СС䣬ද˵ЩЩ캦飬Ҹ㸴һ𣿡
СǱòᡣ˵Ҹ֮䣬ЩġССʱ÷ңȴѾ˷ˡ
Ѿĵ̡ҵ֧
СҲӷСħС˫վ˶ϡ
ûкֻеţһСʮָɴ˵˵ֵһ°ɡ
˵ţǺȺҵʲôӦֱ˵̫ԶľͲ˵ˣЩĶжţë˵˵һ֮ڵġʮǰҵʱһӹ壬Ǹ壬ʢʢԡ룬ҵˣӦòְɣ
ʱ˷½½ʿɹ
ЩʿȫɽͷĴһսѾǣɽдġȥƺħͷжʵϣȴ̺Ÿдɽֵ⡣
ԣʸ񣬻һЩĴȫʱ̹עⳡսķչ
ħī֮ʦͽϵ֪˲ࡣ֪ΪΣҲûдȥԺܶ˶ħͻȻʾЩ⡣ǶΪħڱ
걻ɽ׷ɱ֮
ǵɫԽԽѿֹСĻۿԽԽ࣬ƴֹԼˡ
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ԶڰпڣȻ˵˲һʮڣȢ˵ųɽŮʿΪޣܶĽ
λһ֪ߡС˵˵һʿĴ壬ӦÿߵĸߡԶǣ˭뵽ֻǴȢλųƵɽһŮʼģ
С˵ţͻȻһָɫѿǣһ£λɽһŮΪʲôΪʲôŮˣ
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Ȼᷢ£
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˼ˣԼӹ˵šôûƷҲɵó
ǿɽһŮ
һŮҲôɰ
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ܵǣʱɫ۷׷
㣬˵Ѫˣǵɫ࣬ȻŭŭСǿҸ㸸оɵķϡ
˵ôûʡСٴδǵĻȻЩ𾪵ǣ˵տƾ飬Ǵھ֪ϣģ˿£ʵʵĶڼĴҡһеʲôҲʸ˵仰
С˵ţһ֣һ
ˮ
ڳЩʿһϳСʩչͨ
ţгһ޷棬Уһڣͬؤӣӳǵ
¾ۼһϳˣ̲סʢԣšˣǵλʢҵ콾𣿡
ʢ԰ô䵽زˣ
˵ʢҵͻϮһҹ֮䣬±ʢ콾ʢԾʹʧ벻Ȼؤ⣬̫˼ˣ
Щ˵ʢԵˣλյɽ콾䵽ֵزеԾЩʢйˣġ
ƥ벻ʢĳŰɣǺǣǲǾãҵӣ˽ѣ϶Ѿ߷ߵԾȥˣУͷؤһ˫ޱǵϡ
Щ˵Ŀ⣬Ҳһ˲䣬ͬʱͶǡ


975 ʹ
ܵЩĿ⣬ǸоǱ˺ݺݳƣġ
ʱ򣬻еؤлССħ֣ܹǵзϵؤ˵ţСħķһȭȻֳСȺ˱ȭ˵лЩṩĽⶾҩʢĳܹӲд񡣡
˷ʱһƬţȫһ𾪵ĿһĻȻɽأ
ܶ޹صˣ۾ȻĻȼա
ĿˮеʢԣЦһؤ͸ðѾȥˣǵ̴ĵǸ
ˮеʢԵһЦ϶㲻˵ЩеûģҲӲΪԼƱʲô˶ɵԼ۾ҲˣԼжϣ
˵ţʢԳ˵ʢĳȢ˺ųɽһ˵½Ϊޣǲμһ죬ͶӴߣ˽°ʾҵĸףҪ֮ǰһ׷󡣡
Ѫˣŭ⡣
һȺҵˣҲ׷׳Ժ
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ֱһɺԣ
ˮеʢԣɫ˿ģȻͷ棬ڴʱȴһʦķ緶ȵ˺£
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ǵɫѾ࣬Ǻڵ÷ϣⲻˮʢ˵ʲôҲҪһư
ˮǷСʩչģֻҪɱţǱߵķС
ħ˵ǣҶһͷҾң
вҡǴȣҪͨὫ
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⻰󣬺ƽȴĴڳÿһ˵ĶС
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˶ܿˮеʢԣ˫˸ŵ⡣
֮ʢҷһ޴ɾ˵ɽԴȱϷḻ񣬴֮ɾѾѷˡԣʱǶãʢҳĻˣոӹ֮ĹϵǷֵĿϽ߳ɣԼɣɣѾ㹻ʢҷչʢԵϣ¶һ˿⣬ǣ˵˭뵽ǽϢ֮󣬵ġǼνȴʢˡһҹ֮䣬¾ϵˣµ˵ӤһûзŹɱǽһɾĺ̰
˷ԽԽ࣬ȴһƬšû˵
н䲻ʵϣҲʱз˵еŲҰУ֮߰µĺӣٻȥɱ˵նݲǴɡ׵նݳʵҲǴɣ
Ͼ˭мˣ˭˺ӡܽ˼¾ָ죬Ҳ㣡
ԣһ˵ţҲԷһ
Լĸӹ˾ġҲ治
ؼʲôޣԼĸӹ塣
£ܶ˿ߵĿ⣬׷˱仯
ǵвɲǿģԮҵģ
Ҫһնħն˷СŮħħͷɵڡȻҪԸħͷСȴȫվһˣ
Լĸӹ嶼ŵ˭ҿ̫
һʱ䣬ڲˣѵĸо
ˮУʢԵʹڼɱˣƫƫ½ңҽҴǰǵôҵİɣ
ܶ˶ǣǺЦô
ٺ٣̸ȣˮУʢֱӱŭָ㵱ҵ桭ҵӣҩｫӡסܣֱӷϵҵĵҵĵڶԪ˴ҵ֫ȻöҩұưͣʮָȫնӵһԶĳдϡпڲԣֲ飬ǡζ벻ʢܹɣǲΪˣΪʢҡҲûܽҴĳª
俴ˮеʢԣȫǺ˵


976 Ӱʯ
ʢͻȻһЦҺ˵֪֪һֶӰʯǿԽӰ棬ȫ¼ģ˵⻹紫ССȥûʲôãеʱȴԼ¼񣡡
ʢ˵ţóһڵʯͷڳʿ֪ǶӰʯһС뱻ճֵġ˵֮以ͨϢʱһӰʯԷ¼ԼһЩ档
ͬҲкܶӰʯר¼飬Ӱʯһȱ㣬ڼ¼ʱǻᷢġͨ΢ǿһˣоĲ
ԴϾʿ˵ǿ׵ĸоĴڡĶ֣÷׭ӡסӰʯĲ
ǵɫ˲䣬ô벻ԷоȻֶ־òԣʧܣꡭ
˵⣬Ȼ죬ȴѾˡ
˷ܶĿ⣬ȫͶ
ԭܶ˻ЩŽɣ˿̿ǵı֮һȫ׹
ģ
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벻Ȼˡ
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˵нпᣬȴû뵽ȻɥʧԵֵزΪħ廹ʲô𣿡
ħ壬Ҳδػôɣ
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ˮеʢԵ˵Ҳթ㡣ҲúԼʧԡ˵ţͽӰʯһλ棬ˮС
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ΪĺͷйƵﻹϺţʢҵ
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˭
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ĵطٴп֮佨ҵһ֣иţб̬

֪ˣ
Ҳ֪ˣ
ȺжʱһȻȻ󣬺ܶ˶ĿͶһ˵ϡ
Ǹһ𾪵ĿŻ棬дŲŵĹâӶЩ΢΢佨Ҽǵ׵ܵܣ
ܵġôأⶫⶫѾˡôܻڣ佨ͬһ㣬ʧǡ
ǱߵСȻ˵ڵתɵ͵һӰʯѣ佨㲢ûлȥǽļС
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˵ͬҲ޹⡣˭뵽ĶͷȴΪһվһӪСԣС̹ʵĻҲֻܵû
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ˮУڼɱ¾Ҳڼ
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һʱһʱдʿ߾ۼȴûһ˷ȫһ𺳵ĿǾĻˮ
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оֻʣһͷˡҵ󣬳׻ˣ
УĥʢԵĳԼǵ˵Щ
ʢԣҲɱ㣡֪ΪʲôҪһʹ൱УҪпڲԣֲдҪΪҵؤ
Уʢޱȱߵ˻𣺡ǡҸʲôʲôԹΪʲôҪôң
Ҫ֣͹ȢһŮˣҪ֣͹ûڵһʱ׸ãҪ֣͹ʢҷֵɾɣƾʲôҪǣУ״һŮʶһЦ˵
ǸŮˣѪᣡ

ڳˣһ̣ȫ
ˮУʢһᣬһڿЦ㻹Ҫʲô֤ݣѭбӦʢԹӲдĹ죬Ϊ˿˥ܵģļΣڣһ£ǸƲϵɣҾţ
ʱСڣ⻭棬Ҳǵһο֮ǰһѡ½㣬Բ𣡡
ڴʱڵȺУͻȻ䴫һҭҲ㣡ֻɱ


977 ʶʱ
󣬴ӵڵĶ鵱Уģ߳һŮӣ
Ů˹ɫ޲ɷ
Ŀˮеʢԣ˵˵ԣ
㡭㣿㻹ţ̫ˡ㻹ţˮǱߵʢԼûͬʱ棬ճյĿ½㡣
ԣҶԲ㣡½˵ţѾǱ˵ѡ
СߵߣὫ§ڻοȥˡͷ취κ̨ܵԺԶһˣ
ˮǱߵʢԣӶ³һţ¶ŵĹâ
½Ҳģ̧ͷСǡĻн
Ȼ˵ļǿ֡׻ȥ˵̨ˣڶԪˡ㿴ҽ첻Ȼĺܺ𣿡С΢΢һЦԼᡣ
ڳĺܶȫ֪ħǼ¡ǵеһЩˣǼµĲߡСĻЩ˵ɫܲȻ
Ǹȵģȴ½㾹ȻϢֱ𺳵Ըӣ
ԭãħīһڣΣѵܸɽĴ࿹ⲻɣǸΣ
ȴͻȻ䷢֣īҲ˵ħСԷ򸾡ֱֲ̫ˣ
ǲܹҵؤʢԣܴǱߵõǿӰʯȻӽ䱸ɭϵ֪Ĵ½㣡
һϵежֱ˲
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991 ̼
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Ǳߺܿ촫һλʶӵĻǺܻӭءУںǿˣһֻԪӤءǱ𼱣͸˵һ¡û⣬Ҹǵַ
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ħĬţûзЩ̬ڱ䣬ܶȥᶨƵĹ۵Ҳڱ䡣Σɽӿʦͽˣʱûеվʦͽ˵Ĵ϶
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С̲ˮĿħЩ꣬һֱΪҶߣ˼ȥģ˵Ϊҡ
ħסС֣ġңҲһ뿴Ľ㲻֪⺢ӵƢһΣûܿĻһ񡣹׵ģǷҡ
ţȻô֮󣬲żҿֿԼӵĸоС˵ţϧڵܸһӡ˵ţɫЩȻ
ħС֣һѵЦҴû£ֻҪ߾ͺáīҵĶһңСӱ´أ϶а취ָ
ţ˵أ鵤õϱڶɽǰ;˵ˣôǸͨˣС˵
˵أʵãħ˵


993 ħ
ʦͽʱûڱļīҲãħҲãʵﶼЩˡⲢǲˡ
ԣīȵȫûжκεȥơһ˯
֮󣬳īˬĸоѾܶû˯̤ʵһˡζûһһ˯Ȼ
ȻͿ˷ʢͣһɴδйůʱԳīӿ
иʦãīţʦġ
ˣʦͣСЦеĿųīеĴȰôβס
ʦģīʱһ
ߡħһԴ
īϽ˸ƨʦĳû˵˫
СЦ
īһĽͳ꣬Ȼ˸˵ӡİ
Щ£ʱһԣʱ꣬׼ʦȻҪúʦʦīЩʦ˵ô顣˿϶ΪԼġ
ǾﰲסһӡСطѾˣ⸽Ҳûʲôǿʿ඼ЩͨˣҲš
īͷҪסһӣҪʦ˵
ħһ۳īҲҪ˵
СԾĻرܣʣʦͽˡ
ʦ˵
˵
ͬͬʱڡ
īͷУ˵˵ˣʦ𡣡
˵ʲô¡ħ˵
ǸҺҵǧ֡ȭڤ˵ЩԴͷˡī
ʲôħɫȻһ䣬ųī˻棿
ţУ⣬ѾȫˡʵꡭӦøʦģʱЩ飬ԼûףҲ֪ôʦ˵ʦ˵ˡģǼ¹˽īСĿħ
ħȴһ㲻䶼ֻǴĿųīȻܲȫ⣿⣬𣿡
īӲóǱ⣬˵֮ûеһʱóΪ׸ıˣҡȫԺܾõˡ
ħӳīнӹⱾСӣϴż֮ɫһʥ
ȻĴ򿪣ֻһۣЩס૵ֲáԭ
ʦ𣿡īСʵ
ܣôܣô仯վķֻǽȥЩĵطȫˣħһĵ񡭡һƣңʱңʵʲ
īЩȵĿʦ
ħ˵ΪҴӷڣͻƵ޽ɵʱ򣬾һγ׵һ򵥵ľʵϣȴһֱʵı仯ʱ⣬ֱʺϲҡ⡭ԭֻĳɾ硣Ҿģʱ䣬磡
ħϵĿģǷĵġͽǰҲûκҪεͷ
ţīƹȭӰ粽ǧֺڤ˵ȫħ
ħ֮󣬲ɸпųīЦ治֪˭ʦ˭ͽˡ
һ仰óīڵأкʦܵʲôʱҵʦôлʶ磿ѾȺҵ죬֪Լĸĸģʦ͸ҵĵһ
˺ˣҾпһ䡣ħѳī֡ʵҲЩ΢ġ
֮棬޷˵
һżɾ˳īֺγǳɾħ
ˣո˵ҵЩԴͷô£ħȦ΢죬Ŭİ
īͷ˵¡˵ҵƺЩϵ
ǣڳīĽ£ħ۾ԽԽ󣬵Ƕ̲סҵĳ鴤
˵˽Ĺ浱Уһܸ𿹺ĴãȻ£Щ˲һħųīʵ
īͷǰʦҲ֪ÿҵˣҲпǸҼйصˡչҡҲѧô
ī˵ţħʦһЩʺɣ
Ҫħ֣ųī𴫳УǶϷܵҴ𣿡
ī˵Ѿ˲ͽܣкܶͽͽѧġ
ħһãָָīСһҪ찡֪֪ζʲô
īħϿûӲͷƤʵζʲô
ζšдĵ£ô̳һͽܣħ̲סп
ǡǺ»ǻ£ī˵
˵Ǻ»ǻ£һξѻ̫Щ˼˵㡣Ⱥ𡭡ȻȫУһˡħ˵⣬Щ˵ȥˡ
ΪоԼͽ˵Ҫ춼ͱơ


994 е
ʦǵŬѽīһ˵ҪǽһͽͽԽˣе㶪
ƨħûĵһ۳īھͿҪҳԽˣǲǵȥޣ
òȥīţȻٺЦʤ֤
˵ħһ۳īȻ˵ԺĻᾪ춯ءķƣӿ㽫еߣŻģԨԴҲԶѲӰ졣
ħ˵ţ̲סָпһʦĪڴ˰⹦£Ĵˡ
īЩ˼ͷʦô佱ʱǲࡣ
󣬳ī̧ͷħʦҪ˵
ʦ顣ħЦ̾һһصɽ磬ʵָ֮󣬾ȥҴʦĻǣЩһֱûκζΪʦŬã޾֮·һż棬ҵһʥҩ
ʥҩīһǵǸʲôˣԲд𣬿ħϣĴʥҩ
ħųīʥ˶ʥҩΪʲôûУ
硭ûʥ˰īûиħἰԼ벻ʦȻ֪ʥ˵Ĵڡ
СӹȻ֪ħųī⣺ҲǴż棬ҵһ伮֪Щġʵ磬ķ֮ǰʥ˵ģȴرԶʱˡʱ֮䣬źܶ
˵£ħҲЩ˵ҲһλʥˣҲǵۻʾĴڡǨ췭ظ˺ܶʱֳһΰİʥʵҿλʥ֮£ҪԽλʥ˵ġ
ħųīȻ˵ˣλʥ͡Ҳճ
īзڣħЦλʥӦ˵ľүү
˻
ħжԳīѾ²⣬īԼϣ̲סһ
૵ֲáЩԸѴн껹һС㣬ֲãǰִСԭҵĻԵǸйأ㡭
˵⣬ħ壬̲ס΢΢һǿµ𣿡
īĬһ£Ц˵ȷֿ¡ұʿУʵϣ˭ܴ죿˭дˣ
ħҲ̲סĬ˰죬ĳīļ˵չǺõġ
īͷϣһֱȥ
ʦͽ˶Ĭ̫ءҪܶܲ
ãī˵˵˵ʦ飡
áħҲ˿οĿųīаںܶ෽棬ҹȻҵͽܣħεºܣһĵӣ»ܣĽҵ԰ɣ
ţħҲ˺ܶ࣬˵Ǵżʵ֮ǰѾкܶ˽˵νĻԵ˰ɣֻңҵǲŵ䣬¼˺ܶ顣λʥүһЩ飬涼мءдǲ伮ˣ˵ֽ֪ͨŽ¡дһ伮ĿģҲΪ˸Եˡʲôž޵
顭𣿡īЩԼҵ˽⣬ʵ̫ˡħ˼Ǳ棬ƺ˺ܶԼҵ顣
ħͷȡһŵ䣬ī
ǹŵ䲻֪ʲôƳɵģ޾£Ȼá
īûеһʱȥ֣صĽȻħ
ħ˵ŵдһʥҩԵ֮ˡ
īʱоһԷˮͨѾšȻ֪ԤԴжǿ̲ס뵽λͨǰԲ򵥣пܣҲһλ𰡣
ħҲʮָпҵʱ˺ܾãΪǶλֱǶҵ˵ģҵʱķӦ㲻ˡ
ħԼֿЦĳЩס
أʦ˼ʥҩӦġôỹ⣿īֱʵ
ħ̾ϢʥҩȻģƬأȴ
īһӾ֪ô£ЦعѹƣҲ˳ʥôԭʥҩӦþͱҩǰʥҩˣ԰ɣ
ħͷҩһ׼ʥҩҲǰʥҩԣȻĸʦȴһȱ㡭
˵⣬ħЩ죺ʦûа취ǸҲô£ʦվǸŮˡ
ȿȡī͵ĿȻһĿħǱ飬Ҫ޹ж޹
顭ʲô취
һԭʥҩƬعѹƳ׼ʥҩȻʦԭӦ覵һȱȱīĲ֪Ӧȥ
ͷߵĿʦ⡭еѡ


995 Ҳҵ
ħûĵһ۳īʦģŵӵ棬˵ЩѾǷǳѵһˡСôһ䣬ôӣʲô仰Ҳ˵ֵֹӡ
ԣħֻѾͽˣ˵ҲӦ֪ˣֻǡ
īЦ֮ģЩǸĿħ˵ʦĺˣһϣûʲô취⣬ҵһһʱ֪ʦ
˵ţīֵˣʦʲô磿
ħ˵۷壬ʱԶɽ١
īһ䡣
׼ʥҩħ˵꣬̾һȥʦħ˵£ҲЩ£ͬʱҲҪһЩʱ䣬һ³īո˵Щ飬Ѿı˵ĸֹķħȥ
īͷõʦ
ȴ氵ͨеĻ¯¯㣬ʦĲ飬а취
ǳīԵõѪ֮󣬵һθ¯ͨһ֮۲ǻ¯ƺһӱóĬ˺ܶ࣬ʾôǿҵԡ
īҲûиǶͨһΣȴҪ¯йͨ
𿴳īħֵЩΪѵӣȷЩ֪롣ǷǳϣԼܹﵽʦġ
¯Ҳûóīʧ˲͸һڳīԺС
ī΢΢һݣǵļҩģһθоļ֡
ƽΡ׼ʥҩ
ӡ׼ʥҩ
ϲݡҩ
Ʒס
棬ֻгҩģҩĵĳࡢϲĻһλҩƳɵκıʣɿ֮塣ԡ
ĸ֣īֱӵˡʲôЦԳԱ˳ŵҪȥֵҩֱӱļֵҩƷ׸ŵˡ׼ʥҩû˵
ôīҲǸ鵤úܳʱˣһЩҩģûҲйŵġڵãƽκͷ׼ʥҩû
ʦħãɽһżҵһʥҩ׼ʥҩΪʦҪҵڶ׼ʥҩ˵ɽˣ磬̸ף
ī鵤Ǳ˵һЩĴҩ˵׼ʥҩˣҩҲĶȻǵѵһ
ԣϲҩҪҵǶǧѣħȻûϸ˵ôõ׼ʥҩģ׼ʥҩпǱӡˡ
Ȼħڵʵȫ׼ʥҩĶ֣ôܵõ
ǰҩģīеͷۡ޲ߣһƷ׵ģóīͷ
Ʒʲô˼ҿǱӣīûмԺҲûκεĻֻܸϺšóīģǱ
ħĽ硣
̶֣ȴīȫ޷
ʲôطīһ֪ȴܸоǾһͨĵط
īԼ֮ǰǸطųǵظԵ֮ء뵽ѵ˵ֵط
ʲôطī涼һ㣬Ǿǣҩģɽõˡ

īһ뵽ܶѣԼҪʦΪʦΨһԸˡ
ͬʱħСҲԡ
СǸǳжҴϻ۹˵Ůӣħϵı飬ƺϲӣЩʲô߹ħֵΪҵ鷢ҲЩ̫ˡʵ̨ܴϱȳܻⲻѷɫ֮һѾĶˡǸԸʵ֣ʵҲûʲôֻҪһֱһҾˡ
С˵ţϻ¶Цݡ
ħסС֣һ˫һĨľӨģܵʲôʱҶġ
ţ֪СĵЦֻЦȴһ˿ˡ
ܰԣһĺӣŮǶӣáһĹįġ
ڿī֮С˼͸ǿҡ
ͽٺãҲǱ˼ҵĺӣôТ˳ҲԼⰡ
ʱ򣬳īӷ߳ʦʦĸī˵ʦһϢһϢ
ħЦס
СīһҲЦ˵ϢɣʦʦЩôпϢϢ˵Ǽҳ㷹
īʱоһᣬ˵ʦĺˣԺ󲻻ʲôϢġ˵ţīħ˵ϢҪҵǼҩġǳǳѣ鵤µһҩ̵İȻǺѣ
ħȴڵһվĿƵĿųīȻû˵񡭡ȴʤǧ
Сü΢΢һųīʲôҩģ
īɫ˵ȻκʦĲҩġ
ħϵı飬˲佩סֻֽ߬ţ·һ˲䣬ͣһ¡Σŷųī˵ѣҲҵ


996 ŵв
ħ˵ģǡҲҵǡҲһ仰ͽȫ׵׵ı˳
СѾǴһԣ˫ãȻƺ˶׷ſһ㡣
ħȲ˵ʲôҩģֺӸң
īͷȻ˵ɽ硭Ӧûеģһϵ鵤ãҩеκһ֣֪ͨң
󣬳īƽΡӡϲݺͱҩĵֺͳдīĵ๦ȻãҲ⼸ҩĵģˡͬϲһдħ
ǶʲôƷףħ⼸ҩĵ΢΢üʵǱħĽ磬ħҲЩͷԡ
ī̧ͷħ˵ʦʦ׼ʥҩôõģ֪ҩʮĴҩҩľûκսƾϢӦþѹо粻鰡
ħһ۳ī׼ʥҩе顭Ѿʧˣʮа˾뿪ˡԣҵõģֻһ׼ʥҩǣʦȴ㹻ˣ
ԭīȻȻ˵⼸ҩģɲһ㣬ʦѰҹѰңһһҪϵʦǲŰǧš
ħ˳īһۣ֪
ʦ£īҲ⣬ƽΣ׼ʥҩӣҲ׼ʥҩϲݣҩⱯûκƷףȴǷǳ졣
ħ⼸ҩĵƷףҲ̲סһ¶ЦףΪʲôīš
һ׼ʥҩ˵ǵȥҲժϣܹ׼ʥҩҲϣˡԸҩпܾܾ
ȥƺЩ棬һҩĶѣôôЩǿķˡ˵ģһһ壬һɹе
֮ǿǾʿȫûа취ġ
ǶֲͬСҲǿֲֿģҲؼĳ
˵ҩٱ˵׼ʥҩʥҩ
ͬ飡
ǻóսǾʲôߣ
ųΪһЩԭ򣬻ѡԼСи棬ΪҲͬҪ
ֲе콾ȫͬЩ콾Ƕӵ൱ǿսֲ飬ǰţرóսġ
ǡͷȫĶԣҩѡ׷𣬻ݻǺпܵġ
ҪǿǣֱɱǣǿҪʥԳˡƬ֮£ȴûʥ˵ġĿǰûС
ԳīŸеͷЩľҪõЩҩģ̸ףؼһ֣
ħҲܿһ㣬תͷѾӷѹСأҲҪҵǣ
СȻûôߣʶҲûô࣬ӳīУѾܵҪõ⼸ҩǶôѵһ¡ֻһЦֻҪлͺã١ҿи롣ҲҪκˣӡҲٹµ
ȻƽīħС⡣֪ô˵ʵ͵ͬڷˣֲ˺ħͳī˲ô˵ֻˣȻķ
īͷİʦҸʦСǰʦīħգգۡ
ħҲͷǵģ
ʱ򣬳īϵŰ壬ͻȻһʾīһۣ˲һĨĹâ
ôˣСųīʵ
û£ʦҿҪ뿪һˣӣٻʦī˵
ħüųīû˵СҪ˵ʲôȴħ˻ȥ
īоʦĿ⣬ͷ˵ҵɽ罨Ʈ칬˸ˡ
ţħüһЩ䣺ˣҳӣ
īЦŵͷǵġ
˭ɵģħʵ
šīЩɬ˵
СһԾһţô飿
ǡǿʫͶҪʫͶΪӣܾˡȻǱֱҵ˽Ʈ칬вī˵
ôвģħ
īЩԥ
ҿħһ۳īӳīùŰ塣СοĿһ۳īȻҲͷչȥ˵ɫ˲Ͷˡ
ŰϣǶ﷢Ϣм䣬ǿҵķŭ
ФнƮ칬ѡ˾ǧһƬطǸطŨűȴ˺ܶࡣǿ۵ĵطҸʫʫոշãŵһλϾҵǣ˵ҪΪŵĺĵӡ飬ҸʫʫȻǲӦġǱ߾Ȼ˰ཨƮ칬ҵϡáŻ˵ΪгīħѾ;ԼǸˡڻУƨ㲻ϣһʱ俼ǡǲӦǳɽ޷㣡ӽ󣬵ġīйصˣȫû취ɽ磡
δˣﻹ˵ʫϢųīԼûסΪʱ򣬲ī벻ˡ
һ벻ˣίҲ˸С維ҵСȻ䵽ֵز۸ͷȴް취
ǺǣšīһĨֱɱ⡣


997 Ҹǳ
ӣƳƽеǹɱ⣬ʵһ㶼ûٰ֣֮ƽΪڼʦʦʦʦǰֳԼǾ˵ɱ⡣
һТ˳ӣʦʦһЩѡ
굽ѶŰϵԴûлظǳī÷ˮͨݣ껹һ档ͷˡ
ɽ֮һĻŰ˵ǵʷ׷ݵδ֮ǰ֮󣬷Ľ硣и߳ڵˣȫ뵽硣ڷڵġɽ硣ǵдСȴȫɽ磡Ҳʮֺɽ磬֧Сһ˵ΪżеĴУȫɽߣһֱ죬Ŷ൱ߵ̬ĻѾԳһϵ˵ʲô£ҪȸɽĻ߽йͨ
СħīǸɽҺȫͬɽĻУҲдĶǰ˵У
ħ˵Σܴ߶ô
ССţŵĺĵӣ޵ȫǶĹķӵԶ߳ɽˮ׼ֶΡ֪ʫͶݣȴȻҪǿˣʵѾ˵ˡ
ûؼҺͶī˵
ԣҪ̫嶯ӦôƽĽС˵
īûؼҺͶҷֺγǷˣҲ˵ʦκ˷ǵĵ˵ˣȻĻţ
С΢΢üǱҲǿĵڣΪɽĵɶźȣȻ˺ܶࡣ
ʦﲻõģҲôɵȥƴġϾҵЩѣǽҪɽܶꡣкܶͽҲҪɽܾáī˵ԣ£һһȫİ취ġ
СЩ̫ŵĿųī˵ɱɣȫȫ¸ĳʦһǰѱ˶ɱˣԼɣ
ħ˵ȥ˵һ£ǺǣǱ߲ǹʱô
īħħЩŭĵһۣ㶼˵ˣǱԺҵĺܶͽ飬⣿
ǺðɡʱʦҪǰ涯֡ī˵
СһĿˣЩεĵ
īڵλãФѡƮ칬ĵطһڶľ룬˵ҲʲôȫҪһµʱ·ǱߣȻ˺ܶʱ䡣
īҲʱ䣬ȥһǱߣҵ˻ȻŻһǰƮ칬
ʮ֮󣬳īʦʦˣս߳ǰһƬϱڲԫȫ˳Ĭ
С̲ס˵ҵġ泹װ
óﱻ֮ǰӦһƬĹһƬ޴ޱȵĹ㳡ӦФˣΪԺ˶׼ġ
ôһƬ͹㳡ЩɽʿҲҪܳʱܽá
ī֪Фӣɽ磬϶һһǳСģȥκˡôƬڵʿԼ޽ģ
ķѴѪŽĹ˲һ飬Ҳ϶ܡ
īţǱ߷ɹӰ
ʫͶǰФں󣬳֮⣬ȻмˣȻκȵʿۣͨԼǶ¶Ů
ī֪Ƕ¶ȴû뵽ʿȻҲҵطЩֵʵôҵطģ
ʿٺһЦӣˣҿɽʿɽ磬мѵġ
ͨۿīɫ΢죬˵ͷӡ
īڰ֣ô˵ţֿǶ¶λþò
Ůī϶¶ЦݣǶ¶ӣ
ǶЦóɻûͱ˸ˣɣǸҽīЦЦĿŮ˵
ǶЦЦųɽĶɣǵĳӣѾˡ
¶ͷȥŰǴϵһ٣ǾͶʵˡ
īһҲȫһĿŮ
ʱʫͶǰǶħСʩ񣺡λǰ
ħСͷ
ʫųī㻹ˣʵҾãԼҲܴġ
īʫһۣû˵ǿںЩηǰФˣίˡ
ФϼһȦʱˣФ߹ʩһ񣺡ӣǡ
Ҳ߹ʩϼһá
īˣ˵ѾǳˣҸǳ


998 ҵĵ
ФԭΪᱻѵ⣬û뵽õôůһ仰˶̲סЩӣлл⣡
Ҫ˵ûôܣԴӷɽ֮󣬾һֱҵҵŬѰңҵһطǿźųɽĶɲԶԭΪԺܰȫ
Ǵһשһߣһһľε𣬺׽һɸУлŵӾҲɧš滹ͦû治ɽĶɡ
˭뵽ʫͶķžȻǿӲֱҪΪӣŮȻӦôõѪֱӱ˼Ҹҵϡá
ºǻعǷʫҲ˵ٶƺǳ⼸ġǳųīȥģ
ҲΪʫŲöī˵£Լ
ʫųīĵôˣ
īûĵԼô˼ǿȥͽ𣿡
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ʵ˶һۣ죿˵ţųī˵ʵ֪Ϊʲôô
ţī
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˵ţ˶õս档
ʿˣȸħСһһҲ֪ˣλǳīʦʦǿĴոûеһʱҪΪе㲻ҡ
ħɲһβŴġɽѾԺˡ
ս֮˷ֱ
ʫ˵ŸؼҺͶ֮䣬е㽻飬£ûв´ӦҼҺͶеһЩˣڱʹ
Щŭ˵ǶˣǻʲôϵΪʲôҪǣ
Ϊ¡ʫ˵Щ˵ҴĺôӲǵ̵ͷϣȻң⡣£ǹһֱûʲôǻҲͷˡʱ䡭룬Щˡ»ͷгһգǿ֮ˣ
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СһЦԭܼ򵥡˻ŵĵӣôպǻŽǷζԹǻᷴ𣿡
Ȼᣡ˵ƾʲô
ʫȴҡͷʦصнÿһʿĵޡʦŶأᱻġ˵ţʫһ۳ī繫ӵʦҪȥһ飬ӻܾ𣿡
īʫȻ㶼֪Ϊʲô㻹Ӧ
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ʫ˵Īˣ磬Ҳѵġ
룬ȻĬ૵Ǹ˰æɣ
Ӧңһ飬ѣһ£кβɣʫ˵ƺ˵һ΢顣
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˶ˣӼȻˣҲͲҪȥǸˡʫһ۳īЦĵӴô
īһʫǶ¶˵ˣȥµһ飬ǾͶʵˣ
ʫͷߵĿһ۳īȻ˵㲻ôɰɣ
īͷǱߣҲҪ𣿡
ʫһȻ˵Ӧɱ㣡
Ƕ̲סһԾôܣӸԩ޳𡭡
¶ȴ뵽ʲôһʫͶ˵еһЩˣڱʹˡ
ʫЩȵĿ¶ô
¶ɫ΢죬ЩߵһЦ
ŭǻûˣ
ʫȴһȻҪôŽ֡żȻųƽǾͲҺֱӺܲҪֺԵĴɱȫͽȥˡݵλ磬ô飿ҪùԼȥȻ˸սǹս䣬˭˵κλϾսгǺһ鰡
ıС˵
ǰ˵ĶԡʫͷЩ벻ͨ츳ѵ콾дķӵսȴѾһδεĳǰƾʲôֵģ
С룬˵򲻹Ҳһ񡣺ôѾõˣȻûī˿Ҳ˵ʲô
̫Ҫ˰ɣǶһֹ
ɣҪʲô棿С΢΢һЦԣŵĿĺܼ򵥣ǽ˴ĺôҪҪɱīûɣҲ㲻سŵֻ˵ǳī̫
˻ẉ̂žǻ֣ܳɾͳɣܳҲûʧ̬
ʱ򣬳ī˵ôԼûʲôѾǺܸˡǲҵĵطҵĵ̣


999 ϻ
ŵɽŲ󣬵ܹϣЩƾɣµĺۼֻɽţưܵĸоʵϣɽţǡǡĽ
ΪɽţϹʱѾʷˡɽ֮£߳ȥž޵ľ콾
īɽţҲЩпֶҪʱ۵ġⲻһɵ顣
ǻŰô꣬ǵһСһЩп˵
ɽŲħɽϸϸĿţһĨʣ
īͷ˵Ļеϧ
ʫͶ໥һۣ¶һ˿ЦʵҲ˽ī֪һΣīŭˡ
ȫûڳīǰ֣Ȼ֪ʲôīһˣһɱ޷ΣͶһЩ顣
ʲôˣһŵĵӣüͷųīˣĿЩơ
ΪīոǾЩϧ˼ҸˡֱӽīҲˡ
ǳīīһǰλŵĵӣ˵µġ
㡭ɽŵĻŵӸ˵ôӣűһԾĿųīǳī
īͷ
ŵ޶ֱӴϼһ˲ڶзһ졣
ɲǼ䣬дӰԶ
ಣ
һȺˣ䵽ɽǰȫһĿųīȴûٴеĸо
ɵĵˣȻ֪ī˭Ҳ֪ʲôȴжôΣա
෴ڴīʱ򣬻żӵĿ⡣ڳīԵħˣǱȺŵʶĸԵˣ
˵ǳīֻЩôǶħЩˣӡ
ħҲգô꣬ӵĿˣܶµˣǰУġ
忴ƽ񣬾򲻹㣬үҲǹ壬ҲǼǰͷ
īʲôһòʵ˷ֿˣȺ߳
Щŵȫʩ񣺡ʦ֡
ʦֺã
ʦ֣
òʵֻǵͷһ֣ߵīǰעųī㻰أ
һʮҵȵźĵӣϽ񣿡
һЦӾӣûʲô棬һǶ
һЦ˵Ӿӣûʲô棬һǶ⻰˵ԣ˵ţеıģ俴ǰȺŵӡ
󵨣ǸʮҵŭӶ˵ķ𣿡
ﲻмЦЦʲôҲ˵
ʮҵ껹˵ʲôȴסĿһ۶Ȼ˵Ƕɣ維ҵŮ˵񣬲¸㶭Ҷô
ƲƲ죺ʲôҸ˭ʲôϵ
ʫʱҲվĿһˣһŵĺĵӣĪ˵ɽĻţţʲôɿģ
ţ˵ţֻɽŵķ֧ŵͥ
Ŷܹǰɣʫ˵ǲǾǳֵý
ȻЩȻ˵
ǺǣһȺϳʵĿˣǾݵλŸ߹ǾԼǻͥĵӡʵϣЩ˵УĸܱȵŵĵôŴӵ˵ǲǣʵ˵ǺǡʫһЦѾ˵ˡ
˵治֪ǵԽǴӺζģ֡
˵ɫЩѿû뵽ȺžȻĸ˵ѿ֮ʲô˼ī㲻˵µھվ
㣿īƲƲ㲻У˰ɡ
ڱŭΪеĺĵӣߵɽδǱ˹άš˵ʲôʱ˸ǰŷ
һֱӼһһɫСֻпӳȴ˸貵Ĺ⻪ɫСգֱӴī
ಣ
ɫСնƣ˲͵˳īǰ
īһ֣һץɫС
˼īдɫ࣬ŭȵն
Сˢһ£ͳһֻһɳ̣ȴƥݺնīơ
īȴһץסС
ɫǺ죬߶ҪīնϡǰСȴȫơƾδ߶СҲһ£
ī΢΢һ
ǰɣ
̺˼ּƷƶɵСӦϡֱӱīء
ۣ
۵һһѪһ˼ųī
īضϽһԵɽӹȥ
䣡
䣡
죬âֱӽضϽ顣
ţһӰͬʱŵģһº͵ţŻӭɲҪ͡
ʦ֣
ʦˣ
ʦΪ
һȺŵӣʱĿȵĿˡ


1000 Ǿȥ
Ǹŵ˲һǵѪīĿԹϧǣīʱûٶ࿴һۡ־޴ĴܸСǳʣƺҪ˵ʲôȴָոչľʦ֣߿һۣƽȴҪ˵Ļȫ˻ȥ
ŵɽţƻġʦֿųī˵
ŶƮ칬ͿˣīĮȻ˵
ʦֵһЦǲһ
ԸꡣīվǣϾȻҲ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ħСû˵ʫͶҲû˵ʲôĿͶǸʦ֡
ʦƽĿһ۳ī˵˽磿
īû
ǣӦɣʦʵ
īҪ˵ʲôʹʹһ˵㵱Ըô
ʦϵЦһͣԵЩѾЩŭŭųīǾʦǿѾڳˡ
ʦųī˵ȻôһļңôأҪ˵㲻»ӣҲš
⻰īЦžʦ֣֪ˡ
ŶʦҲûգõķȣŵĿųī
ʵһֺܵȻķʽֳԽУ޷ǾңǻһɨصģƮ칬ͬһ󡣡ī˵
ʦһ̹ȻĵͷȻ
ʦ˵ĺã

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һȺŵĵ̲סһԽ
īûЩˣǽ˵ҵļңҵʱݵλҲֱӰѻʹˣһȴۣȻӵȥ
ţ
̫ܴˣ
ţҲ죡
⻰Ц
һȺŵĵ̲סԳ
īʱ򣬿žʦֵǣڵңеƽ񣬶ǡŵˣҲ̸ʲôӡԡ
ī˵ţȻ֣
еһ
һֱӳһǹϵɽ˹ȥ
󵨣
ң

֮ǰǸŵڣ״ȫȻŭʦ֣Ҳɫ䡣û뵽īȻǿӲҵ棬ٻŵɽţ
ʦֱӳ֣һǿķ͵ĺī
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һεĲȻɽϱǿҵ۶Կ
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īһûԻŵɽγκƻ
ٶȴǳ׼ŭ˾ʦȺˣֱӶԳīչ˹
ʫͶ붯ȴСֱͬħڣһξ롣
ոյһĹѾ䵽īǰīûжһ£ûпƾȺ˷Ĺϡ
һ죬̳

Ϊǽղ֮
ԼԹǣ
̳棬ŵȫһЦ
Ψλʦ֣¶֮ɫȻ䷢֣ЩڳīĴ˵ƺûпʣЩǫˡ
̳УȻһֱնǱߵĹϵĻɽն˹ȥ
ã
ʦֱӷһȻȫǵȥҪǵɢ
û뵽ǵٶʵ̫ˣ
쵽˼飡
ĹȫգԶһ޴ӣһ춯صľ졣
ʦɫ÷ǳѿ氲οԼɽµķ󻤳֣Ӧû£ȴе㶪ˣ
¡¡
ʱŵɽŷһȻ졣
һɿֲĵ˳ɽűɹâֱʡ
ţͼϵɽţȻǲ֪˶µʯ׷ױ飡
ŵɽţˣ
ʦָоԼ˵һһ˲䣬ȻһƬհף
ˣ
ֻʣһͷ
ģһɽţǼᶨҲͬʱˡ
ЩŵĵӣһҲȫɵãȻĿ͸Ų˼Ĺâȫʧȥ˼һ㣬ľվ
ҵĵҵƮ칬ǵɽš˵׬ˡν˱Ƚϴ󷽡ͲǼƽһˡڣ˫ƽˡī˵žʦ֣ôǿһǵвҵˡ
ֱֱǻˣīҽնɱҾ͡ʦǲŻعһɫޱȷŭĿųī˵ϣų޾ɱ
ȥ𣿡ī˵ţ̧־һ
ڤ˵嵶ף
꣡
֮ϣȻһ춯ص
·ƬգŲһ£
ں˵ڶص֮߱죬īЩ£
Ǿȥɣīһû˿ݺλŵľʦնȥ


1001 һʦ
Ȼ䣬ԶһϺȣˣ
ಣ
һâȻųī׼ȷ˵Ǵī⾪һģ
ֱǹâ֮󣬲һƿ
ϣ
߱Ȼ䷢һҵ졣
ī߰˲һڣҪѪĸо
ȻУһϸʯۣ׷䡣
Ȼһʯͷ
Էһʯͷ߱ϣӲĶ˳īһ
ˣʦǱҲܣ˱һ̺ɱ뾫ʶɫ԰׵վ
ʯƮ䣬ʦ۵һһѪ
ʱ򣬲һӰ䵽īǰһɫۣȥʮ꣬ͷ׷ŷ٣һ˫۷ǳ䡣ųīϺصɱ
˵ţعͷһѾĻɽţߵһĨ֮ɫֵȴû¶̫ķŭ顣
ħʱ򻺻ǰ˵ҪԴСô
߿һħ¶һ˿ЦԴСֻǲ뿴Լĵӱⱦͽһ롭
ħһЦҲû˵˵ʲôΪ֪˵ʵҪǸոǳųīģˡ
ʦ塭ոǱΪʦֵ˻عһίδĹʩ
΢΢ü̾һȴû˵ʲôǶԳīѼȻˣóҲˣɽɡЩ飬УЩһ
ī΢΢һߣϾȻûиܵκλЩֿ֣һһĻɽţиӹ졣
˵ɽű٣κһ˶÷ŭΪֻǵĿһۣҲˡȴûʾ
ʱмŵӲˣ̲ס׷׳ԣʦ壬ǻ޾µɽţ
ǰʦ壬¾ܾôˣ
˼ѾͷˣҲ𣿡
ʦֵϣŴŭȴֵûٶ˵ʲôֻżīĿУߺޣҲһ˿˿־塣
ոһûʦ֣ܿܽӲס㲻ҲҪˡвʵͬʱҲܵһǿҵĿ־塣ѾǷڵʿˣǰĳīǸڵʿһ󾳽磬ȴӵսǵ˽ˣȻȻҲòϣīܿ¡
ʦ嵭Ŀһ˵ЩӣģǼûĻŵӣȫ͡ŽأѾģڲɭϡͬҲ˵ġ
еĴ󳤱ǹ֣϶ܵص𷣡
ʦЩȫˣȻųīһƣѣɣ˵ţֳħ˵ͷһɡ
ʱǲͻȻ侪ʦ岢жôǫͣʵϣħɽ˶ûôȴԳī˿ڳƵѣмӡ
˵û⣬û˻ţ
ɼȻôһʼΪʲôҪȥ˸īйϵƮ칬úܶ˶˼⡣
ʫͶԼСħ⼸ˣҲЩһͷˮ
ħûΪͽԼͷƽ͵ĸڳī󣬳ɽȥ
һߵĺܿ죬һĹ򣬾һǰȻ󣬴Ӵ棬߳һˡ
ÿһȫлʮ㡣īȺ˵У󲿷˵ϾȻ¶˵ЦݡҲмˣīĿУżֲơ
ħСȫЩľЩ˵жϳǴµݣôˣȻӭȻΪӭǣΪӭӳī
ʲôʱīˣʲôطһ㲻Ǳ˱ӣȻôʫͶҲơ
λǳ˰ɣϷƽԭ
ѣ»Ŵ幡
»־ѡ
Ϸ£
ħȫʮеķȺŴôʡ˵ݣϳô©Ϸ򻹺áһֶԴСƽôʡ¡Ǿ͵ǹԷάԷˣ
ǰƺ󹧣⵽Ϊʲô
īҲ廹ȻҲ֪ʲôⶫòҶҲò򲻴ܣһˡ
ʱ򣬻ƽԭħҲ΢΢һȭλӦþɽħ˰ɣĽôõһӡ
ħȭ΢΢ЦЦˣȷҵĽ
ī΢΢һ漴¶ĵЦݡ
ûáͽ֮Ļʾǫ飬Ǻ̹ȻĳͽĽ̬ԭи߿һۡ
īʱҲ˵ʵƽ̸ӦĽҡ
ԭ΢΢һ
ī˵Ϊһʦ
˻һڳɫ졣
ʫͶů⣬СЦ绨ħȻϣҲ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ԭһЦԣԣԣħ룡


1002 һ᣿
˽֮󣬷ֱһΣԭħ뵽סǳ˾ϼһв˵ģ֮ǰħȷǴûƵħ˹ʺˣյīֵӡۿųīʦ̬ȣһ飬ħ³ܱǳīҪصöࡣ
ԣ̬ת䣬ǽһ죬νȻаġ
ħһֱܵȻֱһ̣ϲ¶һ˿ĲȻɽ磬ùأʲôҪͷǲܵģ
Ŵͽܸȡģħ滹ůжͬʱһ㵭ʧ䣬ġȴһַĵĽ
ҾãһͽܣĽȥɣ
Ժܿ죬ƽǣûһ㲻Ȼ
˶ϲˮԭŻڵǲǾЩ֣
īͷе֣Ȼһֱ˵ǸĵطȻ¡ɽűˣ
ֹꡭɽţɽѾмʷ֮ǰһīЩĿⲻƵ̲סһֱԹ˵
޷ԭڰ֣˵˼ҵĵ˼ֻһɽţ˵Ѿռˡ
һ𣿡һ̲סӲ硣
ԭ˵ûʲôһȻʵΪ𣬵Щݵλͬޱ硣ӵݵλ͵ⷬٶ˵һɽţţҲûʲôˡ
⻰һ˽ԾīһȵĿԭ˵λƽ̴˲Ƿ˰ɣʲôݵλˣݵλôžЩɵңҲҵֵزɣ
滹мЩ߷߲ƽԭڰ֣ȻԳī˵֮ǰеҴţȸӵǸͬʱʫͶԲܾˡ
˵ţԭվʫͶ΢΢ʩ
ʫͶȫ΢΢һվŻ񡣶λ幫˵òֶԶǲȱġ
ֻЩеĲǿңŴԽҲе̫˰ɣûôɣ
ԭȻԳī˵֮ǰʫͶԼƮ칬ȷ³Ǹʱǲ֪Լ֮Ĺϵ
ţīԭʵ벻Լλƽ֮䣬ʲôϵ
ԭҲûмգһ̹Ȼ˵Ʈ칬λ飬һһ˵Ǿ֪ˡ
˵ҡؼҺô
ԭ˵ȷң桭˵ļҡ
ī˵ң
ԭͷȷǸʱѾ֪һЩ飬˾ܾҡ֮ǰĻţȷǴӦҵҪλսŵУԭؼҺͶеһЩˣϣλｫٶȳɳ֮ȥ鷳ԾͰĻšҡҪӵ
ԭ˵ţһ۳īǶ֪ԳӵԸɽƮ칬ĵóӵܵΣӿ϶ӲһлԳˡ
գ˵
ԭЦԭֻһ׶ѣ˵ʵҲûʲôˡʵߣûѳôϾ֮ԩ޳𡣶ҳϵЩУ˿ܻᴹѣǻšȱЩ֮ԴӦΪǷһ顣鲻СûʱţţȻ˸սϼʤܣԵˡֻû뵽žͳת䡣˵ֱ֮ҵĻţǱߵĻ˵Ӿܶ
ī΢΢ü¶˼飬ƺ뵽һʲô
ԭŵҵŵǸˣݵλߣ˵ţѾû˸λƽƽˡλ˵һЩԨԴףԭһλΰ˵ĺˡϵǻžκԳӵ顣ԣҸո˵˵ֻ˻ŵɽšǳûܳšҲ޷
ԨԴΰˡˡ
⼸ؼʣڳħˣȫʮ𺳡
нУܱΪΰ˵ġ֮١
ô˲ΰˣδأ
ΪҲΪ޾޴ƾ٣ƾʲôõнϿɣƾʲôΪΰˣ
ʫͶգīĿУżѯʣģһ𺳡
飬Ҳ˶֪飬ԣһЩ֮ǰԳīĿⲻƵˣ˿ȫʮ𺳵ĿԼƽ̡
īᣬˣ£Լļйء׼ȷ˵Ӧøλʥүүйأ
нУܱΪΰ˵ģҲֻԼλֵүүˡ
ֻû뵽žȻҲĳйء
뵽⣬īվԭʩһ񣺡ԭˣô֮ǰ飬һˣ


1003 Ҳ
ԭҲվˣȷһᡣ
ʱһλЩ˵ʲôᣬˣҪллԼиȰɣȻĻƾΪ߲һ
īüһû˵ԭ
ˣɫҲЩ̫ÿħǿûгѾһ̡
ԭüͷ˵ϣϣ⻰Щˣ
ҹ֣ʲô֣Ҳվõĸԭӣ˵Ǵǵһĵӣֲɱҵ״ӣŵһŴɽţ˵䣬𣿡
ʫһԵ˵ĵӣλĵӳȣȳں󣻲ɱ״ӣҲΪ״֡ˣ㱻ɱֻ˵ǿѵֻ˴ˣ˻֣ڻɽţΪʲôǵĵ£ǻŲôôλͲôأ
ëѾͷ˵ķݶϲȻŭŭʫ
ʫ˵Ҳѹ㣬ҲңҲ۷壬ھͿԴһɱԹԣ£Ҳ
ʫ˵ţϣ𣿡
㡭ŭɶЦСѾͷ˵ģ
˭ܿʫϵĲڸո̤ڣһڣаһʿڳĺܶŸ߲㣬λؼҹˡ
磬ǿľ磬վֻڶѡǳīڵʱ򣬹Ҳһڴʿɣ
ԭҲæ˵л˵Ҫ˺ˣ
ƽ̣һһˣŭҪ̽СѾͷôˣ
ôˣ̡϶ҸҴ֮ڣҲܻ㣬㴦ãīڵһվ俴ϣ֮ڣ£ҪԹ۸һոսڵС㻹ҪҪôҸҴ𣿡
īԭҲģ˭žȻԼкԨԴˣīֻǿнеĻѹ¡ʵո˵Ǿ䣺һᡭѹŻ˵ġ벻ʲôϣȻҲ磬ֱǲ֪
ɫͨ죬ŭСʲôɱңүүͲ±в
죡ԭ³ŭˣŭϣʲô
ī˸űɱ⣬ϣϹ뵱үү
ԭ˲ɫ䣬ӣϲ㲻Ҫһʶ
ҪһʶҲһݵλߵˣƽ߸ϣʮֹ°Ҫģźǿıԭŵƽ̣Ҳôԭ
ֱվ俴ųīСүүúý̽ЩƿСôˣ
мϽõĻųϣȫ߹Ҫһϵ
ϸӷŭָǺȵѣͱʱȰңҽҪúýѵѵǲɣһʲôʲôѹɽ磬ʲô޵СֱЦϷôʱ򣬵͵ˣǫѷ񡭡
ԭվһԣɫޱѿƽվʹ֣ôҲû̫ƽϣϾʦͬţϱһֱš˭뵽Ȼֵز
ڳȫīŲݱûͷģֻ
Ѿеīһλΰ˵ĺˣѵ⻹
ֻҪе̣Ӻúһ룬ףܱΪΰ˵ġǵʲôεôλܱΪΰˣ
ԭηŭƺҪѵīʫʵҲˣҪǳųīģҪѵʫīһſڣֱӳųīˡ
ħĿϣΪݵ⣬ھͳ֣һ϶
СͶҲһŭ
ʱʫȻ˵ӣ㲻Ҫ֣
ī΢΢üЩǵĿʫ
ʫȻһЦİɹӣһûҸڹߣû·羰أôô벻
Ц˭ܲˣ
¸ʵҪԳīͼ
īۣϼۣȻͷУʫȡ
īʫĿУǿţҲ֪ʫûô嶯Ȼô˵һаա
ԭҲˣѾЩĿơҪҲסˡ
е󣬵ôһս¶⡣
µͷ˵Ǿȥ䳡ϣҵ㵽Ϊֹ
仰ϻʫȫûе¡㵽ΪֹʲôѾ̶ֳˣһ֡ǲݣ


1004 
ϵһˣŵ䳡䳡൱޴󣬼һͷ䳡УҲǿķӡǷڵʿȫһҲܽƻ̫ء
Ҫѵ조ϢѸٴ¡ԣīһʱ䳡Ѿۼ˴Ļŵӡ
⵱оȫǻŵŵӣкܶĺĵӣԼ״ӡ
ŵᾫȫۼط
ˣ
һһɽţɱǣ
һһɽţ๼
ȺУȻ˴ŭӦ졣
īĿһĻûκηӦʫͶԼСҲȫޱ顣ֳ棬Ա˵˲õĴ棬ԳīЩ˵Ĳʲô
ħϸǰ鶼ûУƽüͬһ̶ˮ
ԭüͷһõĶ˵Ƕɢˣʲô£
һĸƽ̣Щʲô֪ǿɢ»Ĳ
ԭ棬Ҳмֿɬ̾ӵݣ֪ͿˣܵҴ
ĸͷǰҾǣʵҲֻܲ²⵽һţȥ롣Щǡ
ԭһĨ֮ɫˣҲҪһЩܳɳҪǿ˭򣡡
ĸʱЩһЦĵǱߡ
ԭ˵ѵûһɱ⣿Ҫй
ĸһݣĵҵƽ̴ˡıߵ˰֪ģΪǸīһġȻ⻰Ҳֻ룬ԭ˵ӵʵôǿ
ԭ˵λΰ˵ĺˣú룬λΰ˵ļ棬ߣ
λĸ΢΢һ漴˵ȷûС
ǾͷĺˡԭĿһǱߵĳīȻ˵İɣġϡΣӣ
ᵽϣλԭĸҲЩǲǷˣΪʲô»ҪԳǣ
ԭЦȻû裬ĺ̨ˣΪƾһ۷Ĵʿܽīɱء
ĸһԭƽ̵˼ǣ
ԭͷûٶ˵ʲô
ʱѾվܵԶԶɢֵָʫԲѷСѾͷƬӣﲻˣ
ʫһЦֱվһϣ˵ӽϹеһ㶼ûΪһӬͷСԼʲô֪ˣؼҵûôɣҲûôɣҺңǲҲѾ֧ĺôϹĵͣ
Сˣϱʫһɫ̡࣬
Χ۵ЩŵӣȻһʼΪŭ޲ܽƯͶ񶾵ŮֱӴ˵Щôȫ͡
Ϊȫ⣡
ǳīȺ˱޳ֱɽܶȻвҲ뵽϶ԭġͳҪѵ¡ٿǵƽ̺Щϣһƺȫûվߵ˼
ܹŵĵӣмô޴ǻ۸ڶƲˣǵȫûôա
ˣʫʹ֮ȺΧ۵˵Уֻһָйصˣ̲סʫȴûγʲôģˣѡʱԹۡ
ʫЦô߳ŭˣϹΪ˻Ǹıδôã
ϵɫ΢΢һ䣬漴ŭСˣٷϻ
Ǿͳȫ㣡ʫ˵ţֱӳϣˣŮȶˣƮȻɡգֳһѹӶָ̽ϣֱӳ֡
ЦһֱӼһǷ˲䱬һâ
޳ܣīߵĶ̲סҪϹԷһʿȻʹһ
СħûȫһĨġģȴЩΪʫеǡ
ķһʿҲܵסɵĹ
ߵģں棬ϾȻóһʵĳǳɢĲȻǼһ
У
̲סŭȵϹҪҪ
ĳŶһۣСˣȻҲүүúˬˬ
Ϲȥŭ
ʱʫĹѾǰ
ûһۣһɨȥ
䣡
һɺ嫵Ϣ˲ǽϱ٣ѹЩΧ۵ĻŵӣɲǼվסҪݵĳ嶯
ֲ˹


1005 
ʫΣ˲󳷣Ȼѵ֮Ϣ˵һһ˿Ѫ
￴Ľʫʫ㣡
СҲסħ֣һŵĿųе̲ס˵û°ɣ
û¡ħعǿ󡣡
īڼϽó֮еɱǿңѾȷϹԾʫ˵˾޴ĺôǵģ
ʫͬҲġ
ʶĵһ֪ʫǸŮӣԸ񣬵ȴڸաҲϻ۹ˣͷԾһܱȵġ
Ȼ֪ԷƵ³ֻ֣˵һ⣺űʤİգ
䣡
һӳȥֲĽһ磬նʫ
εεСŮûаϧ˼
ʫƮϵĹͬʱҲϵĻ־Ļվﲻδ˵ϡ
ԣ̲סЦΪʲôԭֻһᴵţС˰ˡϽǰɱ㣬һҪѵīǸС
ʫβܣĿϣϲǻһôΪʲôóһԸҼҹӵƣʵ㣬óܶһᡣǻóôûлóˡ
֪ΪΣϵ΢΢һݣ۾һ߷𹥻һ߿ʫ۾ϵȷһǡСô֪ģթأ֪
Щû
ֻڵΪΪʲô͸Լа壿Ī治
ⲻܣ
ϣͲˣ
ЦԸ㣬ò
ʫ˵ȻԸҲûʲô˵ˡȥɣ
ʫ˵ţȻ䱬һɺ嫵Ϣͷԭտգ˲ܲһɫ֡
䳡ϵˣȫˡ
ԭѾ˵ԶԶˣΪʵ޷ѹƽԭڣˡȫ˵Զĵط
ˣֻʣ³īһ
ħСͶ˵Զ
˵ԶҲӲٵķΧ
ǹĽƣɫҲ΢΢һ䣬ŭˡ뺦ˣ
ʫЦʲôкˣҸԩ޳𣬺ʲôˡʲô٣
Ϻ̧ͷȥȻ̲סٻʲô٣Ǻˣ
Ǻǣûʶͳϣû˻Ц㡣װ֪ʶӣֻ˾ɡʫЦ
̣ͣȻһСѾͷ˵ɣʱٴɱʫ
۷ΪһڵʿôѾڲ֮ء
ȴ֣ĹԷȻܹ㿪
ֱڣʮ𾪵ķ֣СѾͷƺûеӰ죡
ȥ磡
ôܣ
꣡
һ٣˲ֱֱϡ
϶ʱ󾪣ɫ÷ǳѿиеޱȵ֣ΪʲôٲȥСˣ
ٽٵһ˲䣬䳡ϵˣȫԶȥ
ħҲСͶһߣʱ򣬶ȻЩɫֵĵħǰǲߡ
ħ΢΢һ
С˵ʫʫķṥǵġ
ħС̲ס໥һۣӶԷп֮ɫ
ʲôķȻˣ
ħѡŶȻոսӴСȴϲīߵЩˡ꣬ȫǳƽ͡ȻŸԲͬԸ񣬵Գīȫû˵
Ǳ߳ī⣬ͻȻ¶һ˿ЦݣĵʫǺƣˣóܺһ㣬һ̲סóֻĸң
һףĸо·궼Щ
ɫ׵硭֮װ
һϣ˲ͻɷڵ١
ȫ߶ϵĵȻʫ߷˹
¡¡
֮ףֱǼ档
ϵΧʱһƬ
ȴûܽô
϶ʱĴ󶨣ЦΣˡ㿴𣿡
ʫҿ
䣡
䣡
䣡
һŵף
Բ˼ٶȣϵ塣
ǼҲʼ־ҵĲ
ۣ
һѪЦݽϣ¶һ˿⣺ô
Ϊϴŵ٣Ҳκβᣬɱʫͳīֱ֮ӷ磡
ʱĺƾԾɣ
磬ϾӢ
˭뵽֮ףȻ˺ϵһĨʫǱߣˣҵģ˵ţֱӼһС
СϣɢϢ



1006 ̫
˵ԭ׼ɱīǸСģȻôѰǾɱ㣬ȻѹСīֻҪɱʫʲôƨ٣Ȼɢˡһ𶦡򣡡
ˣ
𶦷һϢʫѹȥ
ʫգû˿⣬෴˼ãֱͶôֵ֪ôôõģ
˵䣬Ǹ֮ϣ䣬ɫ׵磬ֱϣԼոռС
ɫ׵֣ÿһȻͷнǣצ
ɫ׵һγһɿֲĴơ
ǵأ
ѹ
⣬ʫЦ
ɫ磬̼佫ͬϵûС
һĲҽУȺзңҲ̴ܶ٣˲ͽˡ
ţСһҵƲʱͬķѹӴֱӳŸȥ
ݣ
ֱƿգ֪١Ȼˡ
ʫϣ¶һ˿ϧ飬ٸһ磬Ӳߣ
ûţֱӱ÷顣
ſϣξּĹ֮£һڵʿûκء˵ϹҲͬһ
˻
˷֪ٻŵĵӣһ̣ȫˡ
ɵɵĿǽָƽ޾֮ϣҡҷӵŮգ۾ֱˡǱɫԣǱŵģ
˵˵ֻһīɽŮô£
Ů˭
ؼҹʫ
ôֲֿķؼȻ塭ôмʶĻŵӷŵɣɽ磬ΪԭʹǶе˽ķǳ֮ࡣؼһּķ
ⷨδؼҵģΪؼּķҲ̫ܳһŮϡ˵
˵ʫͶŮȻû湫ѳԼ壬ʵϣǶѾ˸Եļ塣֪͸¶
ǱߵĻƽԭˣҲͷһû뵽īߵһŮҲ˿ֲսԭֻϿɳīһ˵ڿҪıһĹ۵ˡ
֮ǰ뽫ɽƮ칬һٵЩŵӣһսսЩվȵĸоͷȫһ޴ңƮ칬ָʫŮһָ߸ϵ̬вʱʫֱչֳս˭ܻŻ
ǻŵּȷޱȵģˣҪһһƮ칬Ļŵ̲ס˵
ʫһٻɱŵϣûм߸ϵĸֱӷɻصīߡ¾ϣŵЦ⣬ųīȻһЦʹ
īͷɱúã
һ仰ò˵ɫǺܶ˶ϸոյϱϾǻŵһԱĻУ൱ǿĺԮһ֪Ҫֳٱ
ԭ̾˿īǰЦӣ㿴¡
īڰ֣ģ¸޹أҲǻŵ鷳
в˺˵ĵ˭鷳ɱǻŵһʵȨϣӦҪһɣ
ԭҲЩ׳īݣȻöԴʿַʽԴī
£Ҳعڽ黳ĻǱߣȥһ°ɡԭҲֻ˵һ仰Ϊ㿴ˣīûϵһ¡
ϸҲǣСʲôǵʱӵܾͺ޾ɫôָѾʼɳһɽɳϵϻ̳Ͽ֣
īԭζ˵һ仰ƽ̣ҲҵлᣬҸлһλ˵ĴˡʵϣҾãӦøеҵģɽţûλ棬ٵģһɽšģҲһ޹ؽҪС
ڳһڻŸ߲ȫ⻰˵ļֱ̫ˣҲ˵һ޹ؼҪС走ʲô
ī˵ı飬ЦЦûж˵ʲôԭһȭǣ
ħСʫͶīһ𣬳Żɽȥ
һ·ϣеĻŵӣȫиīЩóһ·ޱȸӵĿһʧǵߵС
̫ˣһϹϵĻų϶ͺ
ȷе㡭ְһų̾Ϣ
ԭȴ΢΢ҡҡͷһ仰û˵תǰ̤һʱһ˿Ѫ˳ʳ


1007 ɽµ
һĻЩŵȻǿģԭߵлŸ߲㳤ϣȴȫһɫ䡣
ƽ̣
ƽôˣ
ô£
ô
ɽŵƽ̣ȻԶԶȲЩʿһͨӶȲϡݣȴŵľ䣡ʲô˶λõġ
ܶУλʵܣʿ塭ȴ൱Ƿġ
ˣԭһһʵǣ졢硣ͻȻˣ˶Щŵˡ
ԭ˰֣û˵ɫϾĳŴȥ

˴֮󣬻ûӦԭ۵һһѪɫ˲ò԰ס
Ȼһ˵ľȥƺ˺ܶ࣬һɻˣԭ̾ӹȻܸ綥콾ȵǡ򵥰
ʲôǳīɵģ
쵰ôң
ģȥ
һڻŵĳϣ٣ȫ̲ס궯
ԭڰ֣£޹أԼ
˵ţЩϣȻҲŻ£һɻĿ
ԭ˵ոճīǷǿţҲû˵󻰣ġֻڳһʵ֮ǰңתǰһˣ
ȫһ𾪵ĿԭЩ⻰ʵԡ
ʲôתǰһˣʲô˼
λīɽ޳ϺȻ˵ʩչġĪѾʧһ
˵Ŀȫ޳ϣ˵ʲô
޳ϵϣҲżֵĲȷ˵Ӧǡˮͨ
ˮͨʲôͨôû˵ˮЩ׷ŪϰյŪ˲мĵ
˵һصĵˮͨҺڲؾһŵм˵һ൱ӶǿĹƺͨȻйݣͨʵһЩĿġģҾͲ̫ˡ
ͨո˵ǺŪ˵λЩš
޳ϵͷȻλޱȻԻ͡Ѿʧ޾¡쿴ӵֶΣ˵λֶκơ
ԭ˵ͷ̾ϢƣӦþǣ
һȫĬ˭û뵽īϾȻֲֿĴ
ʵǸħǳīʦ𣿡
֮ȻħĶīôܻ᣿
޳˵һһֻһʦҵʦȴܻкܶλʦЩʦ̵Ķܱʦ̵Ҫ߼öࡣʲôֵģ޳˵ţԭʵƽ̣ոĴȥˣ
ʱ˽Ŀٴμеԭϡ
ԭЦҲΪӻҪҡҪġȴҵźҡΪҸûκ쳣
⻰һڳЩˣȫĬΪͬҲûвκ쳣
ԭ˵ԣе㲻̫ųīĻ֪ңңûڴţǿĲ̫šԣҾתǰ̤һ
ԭ˵ţȡһСӡһȫϵãⷽӵĺɫСӡϵƽ
ͬʱҲһһ൱һ֡
ֻãǷǽ
˿̣ȫĿⷽӵĺɫСӡ棬һʮĺۼȻһ䵭ȴǳ۵Ĵ
ǡ޳ЩĿɿڴĵǸոճīǻŵ´𹥻µĺۼ
һ仰¶˵Ϣ
īȻܹŵµĴ޾µһҲ
˵Ѿ飡
ܻŵĹ˻ӵܡȴһɹԼ˷𹥻

Σ൱Ȼһӡǣƽûֻ
ȫһݡ
һͿī˳۵ĳҪƽ̣ĳ
ԭЩİڰ֣ûôأǹǿǿĺܡϾûҲʲôΣաǾ˵ˡ˼Ҳҡ
ԭ˵ţĿˣ˵ҺλĻţϵûʲôΪǱһҡϵϵһϣϵܸѡȻųɽɣǾͼȥһȶĵģȿٵΪҪ
˴˿̣ȫĬʲô˵ģʼգīûô֣ǺҲĿŵʫϡīǰǸһƣ۵ͬʱһ¡
īȻɽµˣ
û֮һ


1008 ػ
ߵŵɽǰīפƬѾɽŸǰŶѳһѵľ޴ʯ˼
ôˣһߵīǰʵ
ϧˡīֹӦôȥƮ칬ţЩʯͷ¶ʷ֪˶ٴǿߵļӳ֣̺ŴĴⶼǱģ
һ˫۾ɵϴǱ൱ɰ
ʫҲɵɵĿųī
ħСˣһħ̲סһ䣺̫˰ɣ
ɽǰĻŵӣĿɿڴĿųī˵ڡ
īһֱ֣ӽЩʯս˲УȻ˵ӦҲûЩʯͷһɽˡǷá
ðⶼˣɽŵĻŵӶɵˣ̡ȴû˸ҳֹ
ܼ򵥣ոշ飬ҲСۿִܶǸŮӵУЩСҶ˵
ħСȫһ
ī˵㣬ҪŪ޴ޱȵɽţӦùƮ칬ˡ
˳ˡ
ϢŸ߲ԭڣ˶ͷߣ൱
ġܺӣԭЩøۣǰοԼǸΰ֮һ棬׷λΰˡ͵͵ڸһˡǸġô
īħˣսһĳƮ칬ķȥ
սϣħųīʵߵʱ򡭡ǲǸ˵С
Сʫȫ΢΢һһɻĿħȻֿī
īٺһЦʦô֪ģ
ߡħһ˽㣡
һСֹǰţҪ֤һ£Լдţʱġ
ī˶һۣࣺ
īͷҹ˻ŵƽһѵѡ
Сųīģ
֮ǰƺ󹧣ҡīһ̹Ȼ˵վǸûгɳˣȻսǿһ㣬Ҳûʲô˲ԭ˼һֱֵҲܷҵˣȻλЭĴӡԣųΪӣŶôһʵұûʲôϵȻȥûʲôƮ칬վҪɽ緢չġҵһȺӣôѣҲվҪɽܶꡣҲϣǱһִ
ħˣȫ˼
ī˵ʫı֣ѾǺݺһƣ⻹ΪʫϾĹһǿķҲġ
ԡħͷϿɳīĻ
ī˵ȽЩ˶뿪֮ȻῴɽƮ칬ô˵ʲôʱ򣬾ͻһΡҲӶķ˵ˣǵĵ̫ˣ
ǰ̫С̾Ϣ뵽ԼħЩĿ겻ѡ
ī˵ǹŵһ棬Ȼ߻ɽŵʯͷƮ칬ĴţҲһᴫȥҾҪ¸߻ţˡҲˬԣҲû⡣Ҫ۸ߵˣö˼һ¡
һ֮ѹţƮ칬鷳ȷҪú롣ʫ˵
īͷƽޱߵвңͺǶǴʯͷĳģûмˣûһ㣡ʾõġֻҪ֮ǰ۸ߵˣҾһҪǸۣܵһβǾΣβΣβĴߴΰ˴Σһ죬һ˶һ顭ҳīͱ鷳
ī˵꣬һеǹѹ֣ټ˼֡
ʫͶСڣī񣬶ʡǰĽǾ壡ī˵ػľģ
˵ĺãħһ˵һ䡣
սգٷС
ī֮飬ҲŰϿ
һΣڳīϢ˺ܶࡣ౻ἰģλؼҹʫԼǼʲô
ܹ֮׵ķܶʿǴû˵ȴȫоⶫ̫ˣ
֮٣Խ߾ʿԽǺֶǵܣ١Ҳͬľս
ΪԽߣԽݡ
ʫϣȻһܹٵķô޶ԣ
ǷʲôҴδ˵ַ
ܹ٣ܹѹͬλԵĺÿ
ؼʲôʱһˣ
Űϣ˸ڻλϵһЩ˱ʾͬ飬ûá
λƵģ˵ĳ岻ٵĺôԣֻ˵ˣ๼ˡŰֻ˵
ؼվ֤ʵؼûַʫҲܴؼңΪؼ޹ء
ۣⷬ˵ıģ˶֪ʫͶʱǱЩС˵ֻ˳䡣
ܿ죬Űϵһ²⣬ֱѹסе


1009 ƮŮ
Ǽпǵĳλıλ𡭡ҲؼˣȴؼҡǼ֣ӡ˵λɵʱ򣬽һӡⷨֱǹͷеļƷûжܹ֮Ტۡ
Űϵ²⣬ֱ˵ǿҺ档
λ˭
ʫĹϵΪʲôıʫУؼĹϵΪλؼң
Щ˾ֵǣؼҶ̬ȣǳ͵κһؼվ¡
ջվ¶¡
һλŮ𣡡
֣ϷƮ㡣
һ൱϶صļ壬ؼңֻؼ֮󣬾ʹؼҳߣҲûл
ʱʫ䡭̫࣬ʫ̶Ӵʫ֮䣬ֱ̫ӵѪԵϵҲû˵λϴؼʲôѪ
ӡֵĵȷȷӦϴ˵ı
Ϸ
һλž޵Ůӣ
ܶ˸û֣Щʷ˽΢һЩˣӦöϷһ֡ƮŮۣ
λϷ̸īλƮŮۣ
ڹ浱еľŮ
˳īһڹī׳
˭û뵽λŮˣȻʫ֮䡭صĹϵ
ƮŮһԻͣǸʱһŮѹ콾ΪǸʱΪǿʿһսͨ쳹أֱ𾪡
ϣмܹ֤ľϣΪƳһöӡ
ֶΣУҲƶ
ûбӡôпܳΪǰŮʥ
Ϣ֮Ű֮ϣһƬǿҵķ籩ܿ죬籩ƽϢˡ
漰ǸϵƽٵˣҲҪú˼һϢع⣬һôǾǣЩҪʫˣȫ̲סˡ
һ𡭡û֪λǷ񻹻ţǸ㼶ڵķʽѾǳ޷ˣ
֪᲻ᴥŭλֱӽ֣֮
ɲ˵ģɰǧĶҲδһĶֲ֡㼶Ѿȫƽнȥˡ
ǳѵһȺˣ
һ棬ôǿ㣬Ҳӣڿȥʿͺñ㣬ûܹ֮࿹
ȻӣȴѾӣ
ԣǳȻĴڣ
н磬˵ٿˣҲ˵һΪǲţҪɱ

Ʈ칬
һӵɽţܿ콨
ɽȻ󣬵ȴɢŹӵϢͬʱŸִ򣬲ϴɽɢ
īʼһĵһСĵĴǧ֮Ļ͵һȻī϶ǹġҲϵġ
󣬳ī嫵ֱӷӡɽţͬʱҲӡƮ칬ǵİ
ƬطͽδɽƮ칬ĸˡ
ţīƤȥһڣزʶƽУһ֡
Ʈ칬
ϴƽ˽ӡ¡
󣬳ī֣ӡһ޴ʯ֮ϣƮ칬ɽ档
дǷ֣Ҳī÷ӡװѺˣƮ칬С
ãˡ
ӻŵõɽŲϣҪֵ֡ССƮ칬һַʽֱ㶵Ĵɽ硣
ħЩ˶֪īȥôƽ̸ģ֪ī֮ǰʲô£Ȼһָ
ī˵ɽƮ칬ʽͽ죬Եףأ
Ĳһеˣšĵ¶δôӡ
īˡ
ʫ͵͵ʳīôģ
ôҲô棿ҾҪʵĻҲӦǶʲŶ԰īһĴƮ칬ɽţȻЩĿʫ
ʫɫ΢΢һ죬˵㵱ǲôҾʵģ
īٺһЦȻ˵Ȼ֪£ҲһҪ㡣
ʫһ۳ī˵һΪסʡ
һֱšī˵Ȼ㶼̲סΪʲôҪ̣
⻰˵е壬ʫһ۳ī˵˵
ã˵˵īʫһֻδŵľһѾʧܶˡɵǣһᡣ
ʫ𾪵Ŀųīʧôܻ˼ҵ洫ѧ
īЦЦһأ


1010 ʦ
ʫסãһ̾ѹ֪֡ҸĹϵԭ㾹Ȼ
ʫ˵ţųī˵벻㾹Ȼҵʦ֡
ȿȡīһȵĿʫ
ʫ˵ܶǰйһζݵĻǻʵʵʱ汲Ƿؼһ飬˵Ҫһ޸ؼһճӵܡؼסʱϼңֻʣϷһճŮӡʵǸʱϼңѾ˶ϡڡʱؼҵճӣӭȢϼŮǸʱϼҸˡ
īĬȻǸ۾ľɫŮ뵽벻־ž޵ŮۣȻҲɬ¡
ʫ˵ϷǰʵѾǸž޵Ķ콾ʱľ磬ӦɡʱλؼҵճӣǵʫųīЦȥӦһ൱õԵǰɣ
īͷȷɼ޸վ˵ĽǶȣȷһĻ
ʵȴϷǰǿӲȻ汲ѵ޵ؼҡȴһûκлŮ˼ؼҵλճӣҲһŻƷ߽֮ˡûǿʲôٵİԣ֮Ϸǰ뿪ؼңǵԵʹ˽Ϊмλؼҵճӵİķ֣ڶ̤֮·󡣻صؼңȻڵλؼҵճӼһ档һƮȻȥ
ī˵Ǽ
ʫͷӡɣӵſֲƥҲıⷨ͸ķǻһ顣ͬʱӡУӡȫĹ˵һؼҵĺˣΪĵӣĹֻһˣ
ĻǷּû˸档
£Ϸǰķ֮⣬ûκ֪λؼҵճӣҲûжԱ˵𡣡ʫ˵ؼұ̸ϷҪԭǲǣͬʱҲи񡣾ؼҵϱȴظԣؼһɡ
īεʼ磬飬û취ֻۡ˵˼Լ顣
ʫ̧ͷųīλؼҵĵճӣҵ棡ȢλӣҾһĺˡҵλ棬Ѿ뿪ؼҺܶ꣬˵׷Ѱ֮·ȥˡʵؼңһû˼
ӡīʫ
ʫ˵ӡ֮ǰһϣһΡҲ֪ʾϧҲûʶЩʫ̾Ϣεҵλ棬ȥһطν룬ȻȡһҸңҪһֱϡΣյʱ򣬿԰ȡʱСУҸûüȡͱݺˡʵǸʱ򣬾üҶһõ£ΪҸͲ֪һʲôûд򿪿ӣҿѾʧϡ
īҲЩ꣬ʫЦЦȥˡ
ǰʫ̾Ȼ˵磬ʱȽϳԣҷҴָкܶ൱ҵĶ߰ġ
īЦ
ʫʲôЦģŮӾһҪ𣿡˵ţԼҲЩ飬̲סЦȻ˵ڽҵǸӡĺӣ֮Ҳ֪ôҴʲô棬һµţöӡͨǷţ֪Ȼʼöӡʵ̸ֻһĹ̡ȻףãҶͦˡôǣҿܸһӽԺ󣬶ˣ
īЦɵķˣʲô٣
ʫ˵ǷѧϰӡеĹһֱЩᣬ£Ҳֻôһ졣ΪһѧˣҾ͵λƮŮ۵ͽˣҲ±ġҾ¸ңӡУӡһʶӦң԰һ¡
īʫҲ˵ڻŸһսʵϣƮǰְģ
ʫͷȻĻƾһոսڵʿʲôһڵʿȥôܴùܴ߶ӡ˼ͬҲΨʦ֣ô׵ѹϣͬʱҲ׵ѹǼȻǼôֱӻˣ
ī龰ǰ̲סпֲ㵱ʱôţֲеô׾ͱѹˡԭƮʦ֡˵ţʫô˵ĻӦѾʽƮʦ״ˣ
ʫͷҲŽʦ֣Ϊʦ˵֮ǰܶʹ
īЦϸ˵״ңֻƮǰһѧ
ô˵㶼ʦ֣Ǹı䲻˵顣ʫһ˫Ŀڳīϣòһʦöɣ


1011 ɽ罨
īҡͷЦôᣬҸʡ
˰ɡ㲻Լûе洫ʦľŰ֮ǰܶ˶²⣬ľѧֹô㡣˵СøǣʫЦŵ
Ӧǽˣī˵ţһ϶ԣ㣡
ɣʫʱըëˡκŮˣ䣬һ൱Σյľٶ
󣬳īˣֿʼĽ衣
һºոµƮ칬֮ǰķ֮ٴν
һΣģҪϴδöࡣϡҲȹȥ̫ࡣ
֮ǰФˣֱѰ־ʯ֮ʩչиȻһ㽨ǽ
˳īͼ򵥵ˣֱӴĴȥ硣
ȥŵġʯ󡱹䣬ȥŵĶľϳһȦ
ʲôӻȡе㲻˼īѺõİݷ˼ɽĴɡ塣
ɵǣЩɺͼ嵱Уе׷ɱħڡȻħСѾ˵ˣǸ˲׷һȺڵûмµġ
ȻĺܣȻǳī졣
ĲϣȫѻáȫǶĶ
Ϣ֪ôСĴȥǣƮ칬ʱ
ÿ춼дսԶ
ż͵ҾߵļƷľ͵ұĸʶʯԼ͵Ĳϡ
֮һƮ칬ûжϹˡ
ˮ
ָоǳī뿪˽֮󣬾Ҳûġ
ɽָо˽׳ΪǻᣬкܴĲͬ
ЩڸֳڮЦĴʿǣһֺõЦݣǰСʺ򡣳īҲЩпͬʱҲֻܽǳɱ
ݷˮͨݳѾһ磬״̬֣лޣ֪
īǿΨһģЩˡԣҲûмȥ硣ҪҲãҪѰҲãӵǿޱȵʵС
뺻ʵԼÿһϸߵĵط
м˴ֱҵ
ֱǻƋOСѾƽƼ
һȻҲӵ˷ҪƮ칬ΪѾԽԽˣ˽硣ǱҲҪʦزС
ϣҲܸܵ·Ĳпᡣ࡭ⲻ֪ߵʱУһֳ
Ҳò˶꣬˵ĲԽԽ
飬īҲûиõİ취ΪѾһ顣
ƋOͷīȻǼ֣رġ
ǷīˣΪԼⱲҲʦءƴֿ̿ľͷֱ˶еԾ
ɽƮ칬Աϳʵ˺ܶࡣ
ʫФУ¼ʿͨۡǶ¶иոշĻƋOСѾƽƼ
Ʈ칬УҲʼЦһʼ塣
ȻһһĴ£˾ñط꣬Ȼкܶ໰Ҫ˵Ƕ¶Ҳܿ
ʿͨФеĹͬԸЩͨ۸С֮Ҳ̸Ͼ˶ɽ磬Ժ֪ܶһġ
ħЩһֱоĺ漸ĺ룬˵ֱ̫Ҫˣ
ԭʱԸС뿪Ϊ£ֱƳǷʱ䡣
īҲϣʦôͷ뿪ʦһ꣬һһЩʱյġȻħѾϸīָ̫㣬ʦͽ֮飬ȴԶġ
ʱܶﶼͨѯʳīƮ칬ʲôʱɽɡ
ī£һ¡
ʫͶ˼ԽԽáƮ칬Ӱ޴ҪͽĻҲ׺ܶࡣһȳī뿪ôȳضѸٽ£Ǹʱ򣬾û˸Ʈ칬ҪЩ츳õĵӣ¾ͻǳˡ
ǶīһֱʵϣһֳŵƮ칬µĻ³īͣʱ̡пǹˡ
Ҳֹͬ۵㣬ҶѾɳ˺ܶ࣬ȻȻϣһֱīһ𣬵ȴǲʵҲѾʵԶųīڵʱ򣬽Ʈ칬ӪĸһЩ
ЩʱǸǸ׸Ƿչṩܴġδкܳ·ҪߣɽӰ޴󣬽Ʈ칬ɽͽҲһѡ񡣡С
һǿȷһ顣ħҲе顣
Ȼض˵ǲīô̬һӲܸһֳѹƮ칬ڣǶиﵱҡ
û죬˾ͼͼˣ֮ǰڷ㵱ϷҼ֮󣬻صһʱ䣬صɽ磬һʱҳī
ɣҽзСӰҲƮ칬ˡ˾ͼͼˡ


1012 ɽ
ҲȫЩĿеľīȻĿǿǸˣһ֮ɽʧ֮ǰôԳīˣܼǷзնɱħͷ˳Ҳƽ
ûЩ塢ɵˣϸϸƮ칬ʾã֮ǰйԹģҲδʶġ
ʵ
򲻹ֻʱ򣬼ˡȫѡʵ
Ҳֻǳīһ˵ǿ󡣲Ѿܹ׵÷ִϣΪһûнġСɡķ֧
飬ħСˣû
ʿͨ໥һۣӶԷпһĨ֮ɫͬʱҲֺ˵ĸоû
Ƕ¶ϣ򶼴žʵı飬ֻҪѣ뵽йһ֮ԵĳīѾɽ磬ȥ׷īǶȻ뿪ģΪ£ڵʱǸԵļ֪϶Ὣǽ㣬뿪벽
ڡţҪ͵͵ֻҪ˵һ䣺ǸīʶǸԵļ壬϶ޱȿĵĴź񣬽
Ҳʵ
ŮȫЩпǳģڿ԰ľˡ㲻һֱڳīߣƮ칬Ҳ
Ů֮ǰȻûпЩˣжٻôһԽеġԽ޹Ʒֻһֱ֪ܵڣеǵ㱾ͲԽУҲʧһɶ
ΪǷ֣ʫͶ幫ǸոշĻƋOСѾƽƼͷ⼸ŮӣһǾžޡӵԶͬʿǿս
Щû£Ҳ໥ӡ֤дŮǵκһĶ֣
Ůȫ־޴ĴܸУͬʱƮ칬ȤҲǰδеĸ
ΪǶ֪Щ֮ǿΪǸɽˡ׼ȷ˵Ӧǡн磡
н磬ܹѪʿЩмû˵īֵģ
īûйԥ˾ͼͼԸĻȻԳΪƮ칬һ֧
ԸԸ˵ԸġǷҵļԣպɽʹһ˵ϢҾƮ칬ΪƮ칬һɷ֧
㣬ΪƮ칬һ߼ϡ
Ʈ칬ȷ¸µĳš
һ죬Ʈ칬ơ
Ʈ칬ټĹ㳡ѾӵǱ͸ϵķƴ
ûʱ
ȻĻ޷ԴԴϵı͡
ħòűӴСӭ͵飬ΪƮ칬ߣָͲ
ҵˡ˾ҵˡͬǰϵĳīʵѡڵˣȫɳ˽ӴȻЩæ
һʼһЩܱСɡšͦšЩƽưĻЩǣأǸƮ칬īСӡܿ죬ǾͺȻķ֣ӴЩˣȻǷҡ˾ҵˣеȻĵӣ
һư˲ɢǡ˭ˣûҺǫ
ţĴʼӶĳ֡
ǻŵƽԭżŵĳϣһҾ޴սٵīӭӳ
ԭīн̸Դī̬ȣдż𾴡⼸ЩǰϵСǡǸӾȵģں档
ܿ죬ڵ˸ϵ
ī֮λɽ֮һĴȻīһȻڳʦ
ѧʦ

˷һƬţ
ܶ˶֪Ʈ칬ƽдģ²⣬īĴִִۣʣ
ǰһĻİǸŻˣ
ʦѧʲô
ǱߵĻƽԭҲֱſһ˼ĿһĻͬš
īЦֱۣº͵ĵˣ֮䣬˵ģ
ǿɲУΪʦ޹ءܴķ棬ҵĳҪҶҵڶҡһϿҵĵ
ڸŲһҡ˵ǻϵȴѾǸ߸ϣǷˡӳīûѾʧŲҪ꣬ͿֱѹڡٴγΪͳ
ֶ飬˵һѧʦ񣬾ǹͽܼʦĴ񡭡ʵҲΪ
ţĴ׷׳սϵЩһɽкţ˵ȥ쵱Ĵ
񲻵ڴˣһȫϺ
һЩû̫׼ˣڼԭ͵󶥼ƽ̶Գī̬֮ȫڵһʱ䡭óʯͷĽȥ׼
ɽƮ칬ɣȥҺ˾ַ֧Ʈ칬˲ʮȴһɽǰδе漣
ɽ磬ΪСĲܸСɵء
ī̤нûж꣬Ȼˣһ̣Ȼģһɽĸо
ƺһӣɺ¡


1013 ֹ
ʵīԼ֮ǰû뵽ֽʢ˵֮ǰҲвƮ칬ؽʱֲϣڳīǶ붼ǳʦġ
ħɽ类׷ɱǶγ޿ɲ׾ܻġʵϣħСѾܶУʣµЩǵһ׷ɱȴûжɹʲô˺ġ
ԳīһֱûԼ̫һ£޷Ǿɽ֮󣬴˼̣һЩ۵ˡɽ嫣޴ļɻкܶࡣЩ֮䶼ûʲôϵ
ɽ켸ϵȫˣ
ƽԭƽ͵һֱڳīߣīЩɽĴīҲǴܼ˭¶΢Ц
֪˼ˣΪĸĹӸ磬ϼһֻ˽˲֪ЦݱµĶ
ô˵Ʈ칬ȥСɣ˲ͺˡ쵽ϣ
Ѿв˿ʼѯƮ칬ͽ׼
ЩȻµӸĻʦţЩͲһˣ
ǶĴ壬ԴҲ޵ģӵڶ࣬ȫӦܻһЩ츳뿪壬ɡ
ԭƮ칬ɣīôҲδһЩӵܵĿǷΧ֮ڡʶʢ֮󣬺ܶ˵˼ĥţܹ뵽Ʈ칬᲻ԼһЩ
Ʈ칬ϣѾ൱ǿˡûЩС塢ɵˣһȫ𺳣Ȼ󲻶ȥЩ׽ô
ģǵĿֱӷŵƮ칬ϡ
Ʈ칬ЩŮӣҲ˺ܶ˵Ĺע˵ɽ粢ȱŮκһʿĹУкܶθıԼòĻᡣ
ЩǺܹıġ˵ʫͶǹɷ·ĸ߹󣬱ƋOЩǺܹģ³ġ
ƽƼȻǳ磬ϵţҲһŮʿҲġ
һΣȴûʲô˸ĿŵȥϷЩŮˡ
⡪
Ƕ㣬ôҺңԶȺУͻȻ䴫һϲ
Ǳһ¶Ҳ˵ҳߡ
ڸһȺ̸Цĳī΢΢һüһЩ̫Ļ
ôˣһֱڳīߣоīƺЩʵ
Ҳȫīдż̽Ѱ
û£ǹȥīϣ¶ζı飬Ǳ߹ȥ
һߺһȦ˶Ŷˡ
Ǳߡ
Ƕ¶ɫЩεվ۾ģȴ
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ҵʲôطҪ㱨𣿡Ƕüͷǰ񶫣Ҹκιϵ𣿡
Ƕô˿ءﰵˣȴº͵ЦݣһЩֿǵ˵ұ֣ǴСһ𳤴Ļ飬Ƣء
Χ˵϶ʱ¶Ȼ֮ɫ񶫺һԵоȻȫĽ֮ɫ
ܸƮ칬˳ϹϵǴСһ𳤴ֻĹϵѾޱĽˡҿȥӢŮ֮ƺĳ˵Ĺ
Χ̲ס
Ƕеε¶񶫣㲻ҪڴСһ𳤴ķϣԺپˣ
ǰ䣬ϻ¶һ˿⣬䣬ըˣΪΧ˺ܶ࣬ûд¡ҲʲôϣжٴﵽԻǶǶҶĸһֱûбһֱϲ㣬ΪʲôͲܸһλأ
ǶĮ񶫣ӵڻǼ¿ʼ֮ûκιϵˡϣף񶫣Ҹ֮䡭ȫܵģ
㡭ѵн粻Ǻձ𣿡Щŭĵ˵ԿҸ˵ǵǸСһ飿һξˣ
⻰СΧܶ˶ˡһֹΧЩ궯
񶫲ûиоʲô˵ǲһġʿ㲻ϵС벻㾹Ȼڣ
Ŀˣһƽ
ʲô£鷳Լҵ飡
˵ЩԾΪΧȫĿɿڴĿʱʶҲӦԼƺǿϢͣ
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һȺɽޱĶޱĿǸ°ӵм꣬ƺЩ졣ǡüͷȻȻˣǳī
Σ
ô棬īݵλˣܸһʶɣ
ò˵ÿ˶Լļǵģ񶫾Լжϵûԣųīһȭ󷽷ĵ񶫣λǳӰɣųӹƽ壬Ӹһ
ңֹīɫЩĿ񶫡
ǱߵǶ¶ҲЩסˣϵıʮֹŹ֡
һֱվһԵƺ˲뵽ʲôӢϣ˲һƬ԰ס


1014 û뵽
վ񶫡
ͷҲأ˵㲻õģִһΪֹġ
ǡ񶫡ŵģųīЦЦһ䡣Ѿϳµĳīǵڻ硰۸Ǹ꣬û۸ɣ˴ڻ磬صɽ˺ܾòŻָ
īòȣʵûз̫ı仯ֻûɬ϶һֳȵϢҪģǳīѾ߱˵ûеġĴеʡ
Ϊԭ񶫲ûϳ
걻۸Ҳ󲿷Ͳǵóʲôˡ˵ĺɵ̶ֳȡ
Ҫ񶫣ֲ֪Ӧô˵òСҲǶ¶ΪʲôҪƮ칬ˣ
Ϊĳīн磬ΪͼīڵҪԳīֵʱΪ¸ַˣ
ڣǼƮ칬Ȼ˳¡ԴӴ˶ǣԺҲǰ;
ʲôˣͷҲʼ亹
ǱȴųīȭӣҸҵֵǶ¶С÷֮ǰǸ˵ŤܵˡǽһΪ˹Ʈ칬ءҲǸǻȥףӸȫһ׮׮£ųִҲһϲ֮ɣ
īߵЩɽĴǣһ˾ī֮ǰ¶һĨζԼոս񶫻ͷʵǾ䣺ĿˣŮ˿ϵıԼ񶫵ֹǿ־ģۺϵһ˲óһۡ
ֻЩȫޱĿţ涼Ц죬ǲŲʲôͬʱҲ뿴īô¡
ȻһС£ȴҲ˵ʲô⡣Ҳϵպīദʽ
īû˵ǱǶ˵ǸҲܣףΪʲôҪף񶫣۾ϸǰλ
Ƕ⽫˵ĺأǸˣǲе񣿡
񶫣߰ɣʱѾʲôˣǳ־塣
īȻɽûãȴɽ÷ƱáΪжٸˣЩĸգգ۾񶫵ļ壡
һ뵱Թī˵Կǣ֪ī᲻ȻǺǣ
ʱҲȻ䷴ӦЩŵĿųīġƺǸغһͨһ͹ǵˡңҡҴˣ
񶫵Ӷ̲סΪʲôûһϳīǡǡΪǼ£Ĵ̼̫
ÿ˶̹ȻġڻУҪɱīɣ˵ڻв浽ʱмܹ̹ȻԵģȫڻ粻£
񶫾ǣѹ֮һĻȫˣ
ʧһһ㶼ټǵáֻҹλصʱ򣬲ŻᱻجξѡǼ£ɵӰ൱޴
ôû뵽Ǹʵ꣬ȻнĳīոһһСţȻҪҳīֹ
ǡǲ֪ôд
һǱߵҲڱסˣͨһҲŹڵأӡǴˣǵ겻ö̰Ķöɱ˴ǰɣ
ΧʱѾۼ˲˹һˡ֮꾹Ȼīͻ
ǡ֪˵ˣǸ˵ǵù
Ƕ¶վɫЩӡǵȷͲϲˣվǴСһ𳤴Ļ顣־ܲ
鷢չ̶ֳȣҲٶ˵ʲôˣȫĿͶ˳ī
īƽĿ꣬˵һֱã˲·󡣱Ͼˡ
һƬţܶ˶ųīȻƣ˽īˣʵࡣ
ī˵ֻҪ֪ܸģ飬ǿԭµġµҵĶҪҳɱڻ硣
̲ܵסһȫһȣٿ񶫺Ŀ⣬Ѿ˾޴ı仯
ǡ֪
£˵ʵʲôΪЩҪҳ׻ɢ˶ȥˡ֡ŲϺšī˵
ܵһĬȻһЩҲЩڨڨģǵУ֮ǰвйͷء
Ӵ˴˵š
īһ֣ʵֵܲԭ£Ϊֱ죬ȻõǵùҲ˵һֱ죬ǶûоԼʲô̬ʵ˶һӲϲ˼ԼĹռ˸ˣռ˾ʹޱˡԼ޳ܡ
ī˵ţˣǼȻҪҸֹҾ͸һ


1015 Ůĸм
ԽԽ߾ۼҪ֪ʲô飬ϢѸٴǷӦһ
ǵù׷Ů׷ճǰˣҪǣճ̫ȫǲ𣬹ֻ
֪ĶЦˣҲֻġ
ݵλĴӦøһʶ˰ɣҲͬеͬù
ΪʲôһʶȥӦǺܶǰǳӸոսʱ򣬱ˣʱĳӾ绹ܵͣҪûн鱣ԩˣϣ᲻ƽϣһܹѪʿ
˵Ҳǣ㱻˺ֳޣǲ׷µġֳ֧īǵ鷳
һЩɽĴȫտڲԣ뷢飬۳īôΪʲô˵ģ
񶫺ļˣҲ֪ϢûϽȺҪīǸ
ʱ򣬳ī𣺡ԼԷȥΪȻ߰ɡ
ҪȻ䷢һ޺̱ڵء
ǱߵҲһſ˶ɵˡ
Ƕ¶¶һ˿֮ɫʵûڡ굹ùǳīǳīлվڽɽʬǿܶѾû˰ɣ
ӡŹҼҺӰɣС°һ׷ԲԵߣߵīǰͨһڵء
ţи߳ڳīǰīǼҵĺӡ
īϣûκı飬ҲûпȺǰһۡתԭ͵¶һǸЦݣǸǿЦˡ
ԭ͵Ҳ¶΢Ц⣬ģ
俴Ǹ׷ԲԵ˵ΪԼͷ˲ưףĿһԼҷ񣬲ӶΪ顣ּ֪ΪʲôԶɲ˴𣿾ΪЩڣ
һƬţʸ֪ݵˣȫ¶˼ɫΪֱվī˵Ϊⷬı
˵Ǿã塢ѵûаԺ̹ȻĸǣУͬаڣҲаӡӶ鷢⡭ԶΪɵĺļֵԶϲ̨棡һʵΪ磬ͬҲҪеµĵޣҿ˶ѾǴ˴һ·ˡǾȻ顣ֶβȡͬ飬ǵЩ˶ϹˣӲ£ҿǡҲ£
ǰ׷ԲԵ߱һʹ⣬һ仰һأֻһԵĹ
īʱ̧ͷһǶ¶º͵ʵǵѣ£ɡī˵ţͬʱ¶ŮǰõĻᡣ
˵ţīŻЩ߷߲ƽкһ뿪
Զóһ·īУѾ֮ǰĽɳ˾η
Ϊֱ˿̣Щ˲ͻȻ֣ԭɽƵˣѾѾվɽˣӵ˸Щƽƽʸ
ƺҪ߳ôһ㡣
Ƕ¶໥һۣʱȺҺ޼ҵˣĿͶǶ¶һĿŮΪѵʵ̫ޣЩĶڲûȫعĻҲ˵ڡ
Ƕ¶ʵҲǳΪѣǵıģϾ񶫺ʶһ໥ϲǾ׷ȥΪ˵ΪֵȷֻȥΪѾֶ̫ˡ
ǣ߰ɣһμǣԺ󡭡Ҫٳǵˡ¶Ȼ˵
Ƕ¶һۣû˵
лллл㡭¶̧ͷ¶˿̣ףѾ׵ʧȥŮˡ
ٻЩģǶſƺ˵ʲô
ž
Ǹ׷ԲԵվߵߣ̧־һ⡣
۵ĶѵСϸǻصĻᣡ˵ʲôҹؼ壡Ӵ˲뿪벽˵꣬ӣ壬ҲˣԶһлƮ칬ϲӣҲûﶪۣС϶˵ȥ֮ԶһۣӴ˷ռ壡
˵ţתߡ
Ǳ޼ҵˣ̾˿ʲôҲû˵ʧǵ뿪ˡ
Ƕ¶̲סҵīŮīһ̣ȫ̲סᡣ
ˣʵҲûİΡսʱ˵أʺϡī˵˵˾ô£ȫвĳңɱɷšûô¡ȴҪǶ¶ͬʱǵ鷳
ī˵ţЦЦǵļӦҲ˰ɣȥúǰɣž£ԺҲΪˡ
֪ˣллӣǶ¶˵ţһīʩȻ뿪
Ц˵ʵҷ֣ӻǺܺദġ


1016 ʿ
ī̲סЦ˵˵ĺҲôദƵġ
̲סЦͷһֱ˵󣬾
ǱԭЦһǣߵľͲ
īһίĵܹ𣿡
ԭҡҡͷȷֲóӣʵ˵ĻͦԵġˣͦദǰǣ
һԵ˵ô˸ǳӣʵԭֻһǾóûд˵ôǿȻصĵط̫࣬ҲãҲաҧһڳȫݡ
Ĳ̲ȥȻͳˡ
ԭҡͷ̾Ϣŵϲǵ͵Ĳô˵ˡһֻ׶ûȥȻʫ繫ֱӻɱ
˵ĻǱߣڣһЩϴҪɽĻʩѹԳīԭ˻ȥ
Ͼԭŵ
ǱߵҲܲɽ
ԭѳīǱߣǺ̫ƽ֮ҪСġʱҿҲҪ磬Ǳߣ
ԭûм˵˼˶ס̹ȻĵһȺɽе˵⻰ҲЩ˵Ĺ
ɽ磬Ǹɵ֮󡭡һжͷʼҲǺܶɽʿԸһԭ򡣡
ǰߴˣ˭ԸȥǱ߿ɫ
ϧɽĽơ޷߾硣
ƽӦûõģϾΪŵƽ̣㵽Ǳߣ϶Ҳܵһ˵
ԭ̾˿Цûʲô⣬ġôˣȨʲôģǲж١
īͷЦǴҽ粻⣬Ʈ칬
⻰һ˲䰲ܶȫһȵĿī
ЦǺǵĵȥ磬ҿɲȥƮ칬
̲סЦ֪鵤õķ֧ҪֱӼƮ칬鵤Ǳ߿϶÷衣Ϊκһ߲㣬šһ鵤öۡ˵ݵλˡ
ųīʵѵҪƮ칬һ·磿
ôīʡ
ǲС˵粻ͬɽ磬Ҳͬ磬Ҫ罨һȻ̸жѣҪչ¾ûôˡ
˵ĺܺʵϴҶ˼Ҳ˵īôĳңؼǣĳңȫޱǿ
ҲãɽҲãΪоͷġԳīֲֿս治ʲô֡磬һж᲻ͬī磬Ҳһ޽ɵΪ
Уɡɾʿ಻ʤĴУҲغܶࡣ
ĸԳīֵĻֱӾһ֮֡
ʱ˵Խɽ鵤ø
ڳһЩУȫ໥һۣЩζ
һЦǲǸ⻰ųһ㶼ûпӳӵ˼
īһ۵˵Сˡ
ī˳ǣЦЦûٶ˵ʲô
ʱһɽУվԳī˵Ҫһҵ
īͷҿܲɳͣɣһġ
ǡľãǷ֮󣬿ԼƮ칬λɽУ۷ĴʿһĿųī
īЦЦԸ⣬ȻӭϾǶɽ߳ʿֻǵʱδػнʱյĵλ
ǸҪ֮󣬾ƽִﶼұ֤ʱյĵλЩ˻ǿʲôλɽг˵˵оʿǿɽȥ˵ġ١˵͸ǿʿһ̬̬Ҫøһˡ
ǰҪıˡȥǶǸΪս֮ҲǸѰԼˡվСС֣βɹģ󣬽ʵࡣһɽ̾ϢֻȻˡ
һСʿͷӡĲ
˵ˣȫǽڻšں͵ڵļţᵽ£ǶһԹԡЩȫʼĿǳīĽ顣ԭ͵˶ЩԾ
󣬻һлŮԼ˵˵꿴ȥʮ꣬ģ㣬ʮָӡɽŮʿ٣ŮԼʮֺˣɼ
΢Ц˵ƽ̡ƽ̺͵磬и׵ˣǲһǷ֮󣬾ʧȥԭĻȨȻһ൱ȥЩȴûЩɽ绽꣬Ը귭ƣ硭ȴȫһĨڣãȻ


1017 ɽ
Ļԭ͵˶̲סĬˣͷͬĻ
˵Ҷ˵ɽɣ
΢΢һΪʲôͻȻǸīСɡǷ׷׵ͷʾ˵
˵Ҿöɽɽʲôεɣ
һɵ˵Сɶѣϲ̨档
ҪǸйأҶû˵һɡ
֮ǰҲû
˷׷˵
ЦǰһСɣǶû˵ɣȴǧʱ䡭ɽ罨ɣЩУʲôĶɽ˵Ѿһ൱˲õĴˡ
ȫЩˣŻꡣ
ЦЩɽĴɣʵϸ룬Ķɽжأ绽꣬ɽ縲귭ơһϽ磬ԭ£ɴеĲ׺һڡ˵ľ޴ɣ˼Ҷɽء˼Һôɽ罨һܽеóֵɡأʲôǸԼɷЩˣֶʲô
ŮӵԵʣȽϸһЩ˵⣬ȦЩ죺ǼӵܣɫѪ콾ڻ磬дܶ˵̤ɾ硭ʱʢԼţûʶܾˡڣ磬Σһ޽ɶѣɡѰ磬һ޽ܵõͣ󡭡ѰһмɡȻ־ɽʱ۷壬ѾȥˣǴ޽ɡǸС桭ֻһͨŵӡ
˷׷׷һ̾Ϣ飬Ҷһÿ塢УԾٳܶƵӡ
˵ڵܹˣôţȻͣڴ޽Ǹ硣˵ţվųīʩһ񣺡飬ֱǹҲܱô룬ھͿԴұ̬ӽ󣬻ҷĵӣѡƮ칬
īҲ̲סЩݣվ񣺡лΣ
һ棬һ桭ЩԳӵ˽⣬ţӾԼ˱۸ӣЩ˵ҶôˣЩɣĸǳұأĸıˣţӵƮ칬㵽磬Ҳһܹչ
ǽü̲סһ䡣
ʱһɵվҽҲԺӣѡƮ칬
һɽɡҲ
Ҿ
ԼҾ
һʱ䣬Ȼ߰λļվҪ뵽
׻˵ʰߣŽСӶڳЩ˸סһֱûīӮȡ˵ΡܾöԷʲôɸ˵ܡҲܾðԼ뵽˵У뻢ڡ
Ψīȫ߼Σ
ԭ
ī̫ǿˣ
ǿǸųīЩ塢ɵ⡣
ǿ˶ķڷĳ̶ȣ
ڼ˳īЩͬǿ֮ڳ¶˾ġ
ڳЩˣĸݵλһ㡣ǸԱŵÿ꼸кܶ˷硣Щ˷ɢȻβʲô˵ǲ׺һڰˡ
Щȫôһ׼޽ɼ뵽Ʈ칬У
´ȥ֮࣡
ЩˡһеĶ壬һ޽ɵļӵܣҲǧ
һ룬Ʈ칬ò˶ʱ䣬ͽɳΪһȻ
Ҫվ˽ŸƮ칬ɽʿ࣬ÿǧɵĺܣ
ôܻ֮ӵиһϸµ
ڳˣ뵽ֳȫЩסˡԭ͵У̲סЩ⶯ͬʱī˸
ᣬȻǰ޹˵飬Ӯôɽ綥ΡǸ
ŷŵı̬īҲվ˵λΣҲһŵǲңҲǡ
ƮƮһŵδȴ
һμ򵥵ĹɴȻܹõ˾޴ջˣȫЩ˷
૵ڸҰķˣҲ±۸ˣ
Ȼô𣬾ѡǸԵӵܣƮ칬ǶƮ칬ͬ顣
ԣãӦ磬ӦýĿֻɽ統Сͬ⣡
Ҳͬ⣬ɽ磬ЩˣƮ칬ʵѣ磬ǾƮ칬ˣһ˵
һɽ缸һ붥ˡͻȻȴͻأĳˡ
ʱͻȻһ
ȥƺڴ򶷡


1018 
ڳЩˣʱ
һĨɭâ£ã֪һ£Ʈ칬˭۸ģ
ЩҲȫһŭĵͷ׷
ûأľѾˡ
һĻԭ͵һꡣ
߳⡣īһۿԶ֮ϣʦħڸһ˼ս
īȻһĨĺ⡣ɫĿţȻһŸȥ
һȺȫһ㣬ӵм䣬һȥܶ˼ˣȫ¶˼ı顣
ϣ
ħйӳԷһ𣬷һ̶ľ졣
ħΣȻ߰˲Ǹ´׵ˣ˼ɣ
ȻӾ˵ħ˺ܶࡣ
ȴƺһ㶼֪η壬ȻħħһгһӣһѤĵâնһ磬Ծ˵ٶȣնǴ׵ʿ
ʿ﷢һͺ𣬾ͬ͵Ұһ㣬Ȼǵħ
ʦСģīȻ䷢һ棬Ȼֱӷȥ
ħʱҲʶЩԣ⣬ֱӽնϡ˵ӡȻ˲ֺһ
ħ壡
ī˵ͳ
ֶΣħ塣ǣħѾɽʧ˺ܶ꣬ôʱͻȻˣ
Ǹ׵ʿʱѾ嵽ħԣӶȻһȫǷʿܱϢƬأʼŲȣؼĴ۹ȥ
ȻϵϢѾԽɽĳ
ңҪԱ
ʦˣī𣬽Ӱ粽Ѿе£ɲǼ䣬ͳ嵽ǰ
ħҲһͺ𣺡Σգ£
īûˣħҲûˡʦͽ֮ĸ飬Ҫκ
ħݺһ˵
īȴħǰͷʩչҵľԣ־־ֱһؼеĴһ̣ī֮һ˿Ĺī˿̣·Ƭصġͬʱʱ˲̣ȻڻţٶȡȴѾ˼£ռ俪ʼŤ̤һͻڰ֮⣡
ǵҾԵڣīĪ˵̸ͨϣֻǿšȴǺĸߣЩἸ־ԵʿҲûīܽһʹõġ
벻Ǹûԣ뵽ˣҲò
Ǹ׵ʿϵϢѾ޽۷塣ȴֱӱסվһҲܶߺһ˫УãȻ֮ɫƫƫûп־壡
ħ壡ī̲סһ䣬Ȼһ֡նһâⲻʲôһֱӽ׵ʿͷ­ն
ͷ­̺Ĵ˲飬һڿֱӱ
ţīһ̽ʿĵﵱУĵ˸ϡá
ͷʬ壬˳µ䡣
īһɵţʬסʬѰ֤ݡ
Ƭеָܶ˿īĿ⣬ȫøӾηոͬ
׵˾жǿ֮ϵʿȫܹӦڸոһ˲䣬ҪԱʱ򣬱ǹϢѾȫƬܳܵģ
Ǵ޽ɵϢ
һµĴڣȻīգۼƷԱĻᶼûУֱӱɱˣ
ǿ°
ʢ֮ʿ
ӡ
ڼֶˣ̫ţˣ
ܶϴŽٺң̲ס׷
ոһ˲䣬˳ɹԱôڳȫڣûһܹġ
ħһջû̳ûκԹԣοĿһ۳īúã
īҲĨһѶͷϵ亹ʵô£ö˶˵ġôôһ
Χ̲ס˸ۣ˵ǸĹɣ
ħ˵֪ģ˾͵Ҫ㣬Ҹһʲôˣֱӳˡ
ʱס⴩ʿѾԷͷʬڵϣȻԽ⿪˵ףǿ֮˴һ
ܣ
ˣ
⾹Ȼһ
ȫĿɿڴĿͷʬü˵벻ǿһʿȻһˡ
֮£Ȼһˣ
ưһԳ˵ԷҪƵģȻֻǳӣʵϣȴǽЩȫǣˡⶫԱɹЩˡǺǡ
Цһûн˵
ʱλͻȻ⵾һţݸīǸġ


1019 ²
īӹţֱӴ򿪣ẓּ́ܶȴʮֹұپһ֪дŵ֮
ӣɴϲ֮գϱıģɾ⡣գ磬ᵱѰѾԻŵ棬ûȫֻһ֣дɷ衣
ոշ飬ֻţĻһѰĵšɽϸոշ飬ȫëȻĸо
һ㺦˵ĿܣȻƫƫԴǣֱ޷һˣ
ī΢΢üʶκչˡ
ʱվڳīԵСͻȻ˵ǰʱ䣬Űֵ׵Ƕʱ䣬иŰϻµˣڳԣ֤ʵ£д᲻ˣ
ȫ¶˼ɫܡе֣Ϊǹī˳ۣ˫վԩ޳ΪʲôҪŪһ߿ҳī鷳
ǳīķӦ죬Աôڳˣûʲô³
ˣҶλīŵĹ֮ˣȫ⡣
ʱʫһ߹һ۳īеţȻҡͷ˵ⲻǹ
ȫһȵĿʫȴĽͣΪҲֻʫͶɽ˽⡣
ʫ˵ˣһߣϲŪīֻ˵оǣһֳľ֣Զ
ʫʵѾܸˣֲǲǸûκοɱԡ
ʵģʮƵۣɹ̤磬˺ܶĿеżǾ˵Լĵá
Ǿһ˵Ҳû뵽Ӧû뵽ǣӦˣһǲĴƣȥܶݡ
Ļ˵ǣÿ˶Լĵ´һϸ΢ȴв֮ͬȻ֪ҵĵôģǾͷǿ
һϿ£Ǹؿ֮ˡ̫ˣںܶȻ޹ִ˽ľٶͬʱĳЦܲܺú֣
ͲЩظǸʲô̤·𣿡
ʫ˵ˣһصߣУ֮⣬ġκһʿԼıġ֮ǰŰ˵ǷȻܹ֣ǡǡԸ񡣡
ʱҲ߹һʲôԸ񣬷Ҳ磬һ칫ӳΪ
Χȫ̲סЦͬʱҲţճīͷΪӿҲ̫Զ
ЩصգʫͶôһͣʱЩܸոǳΣȫðһ亹ڣƺöˡ
ЩܸһְȫУ·ھûʲô˵顣һ˵ˣͨǵ¸صǿߣīʱ򣬾Ѿˡ
仰һλڳʿں֮ܶдµһĻʱᵽġ
һΣͬһ־硣ʫܿ϶˵дŵ˲ǹ֮˱㽫Ŀڲ²˵˭
ҲûܹµóȻлԹͨɽ˽⣬Щ
ԭ͵˶ʾͷһͨˣ¡
ܹһܣ뵽ɽˣһǸͨˡ
īʵЩѪħɵģתһ룬ЩԾΪѪħӦû֪ԵǳīŶԡ
˵ڷɱһǣϺеʱҲ˵ˣǵֻΪɱ֮ͬ޷֪ߵ׷ʲô
Ѫħѳ𣬿ݵīϡѪħ沢𣬷ҲҪžŹһˡ
ԵҲû뵽չ˵˭ɴҲͲˣȻȥֻԼͽա
Ʈ칬ʢᣬոսͬ˵Ⱥˣȫ¸ǡû֮ܵǰӰ죬Ϊﶼףн磬Σʱܻή١ܱšܱȸΪսõĶ࣡
Ǹõģǳīδ
֮ʢĻǿʼ½뿪
Ʈ칬ߣҲʼϵҪ롣Դˣīһ飺۳츳׿ֻƷ¡˭ҪƮ칬Ҫ۲꣬ʦš
ҪЩ̣赲ɽ˵飬ȻдˣҪƮ칬
īʱƮ칬ߣ֮ǰ·شΣʱ򣬳īҲûûڶʱڣΪƮ칬һŵƣڰﱣƮ칬
īҲӦʱһһߡ
󣬳īƮ칬գνԵĲЩˣʫЩˡ
öĻ˵īŽĴ֡ǹ
ǿ˳ۣ˭ûǳīģ
֮󣬳īʱ뿪Ʈ칬ΪһҪѣԴ̤ɽ磬ʼû¶ҲûϢīЩġ


1020 
ûīѣǴ󹫼Դһɽ֮󣬴󹫼Ѷûһ㶯ɽҲûйĴš
һʼīƾ󹫼̣ҪɽǼ׵飬ʵҲȷӦֻȺܶڼҪˡ󹫼ľͷǳ棬Ľѡ
ʱ򣬾ںһѪڳīɽ֮ʵӦͻͽǡǵīɽŪôĶ֮󣬴󹫼Ӧ˵ȻȴһֱûС
óīЩסˣܵĴ󹫼ʲô⡣
ǰī÷ˮͨһʾ󹫼ӦûʲôΣաϣһЩģķλϡ
ɽϷһƬʮֹϵĴ½﷽Բ֮ڶûʲô̴ڡ浽Ǹޡ
ɽϤһЩ˾ͼͼǶ¶ˣ˵īҪȥǱ֮ȫʾ˷ԡ
Ƭطܹϣҳաܶ鶼ӵŲ˵̣ȴûУ໹ӡòҪȥǸط˾ͼͼ澯档
īû󹫼Ļ飬ҲѡҲҪȷ󹫼ǰȫĲܷġ
ħСֳ֧ͦīȥҴ󹫼ġ
ȥǱһˣҲǶԼһĥ£ȥɡħڳī֮󣬱ʾ֧֡
īҲʦʦĸʱ磬ħʾƮ칬һʱ䣬Ʈ칬ȶˣ̸顣
ǳīİеİˣһ·
īľ磬Ѿ嵽˴ںڡķ֮չֳޱȾˡīеƷĻѾ嵽۷ˣ
ƷΪҲѾ˷ڡ
еԻ۵൱ӴҲΪʲôīܹ׾ٵԽսԼߵʿΪе۵ȫЩ٣ǵ࣡
һ磬ԵȻ磬һֲǾʥȫֲϵĲࡣ
οīԵҲЩ߳һ󾳽˲١ʹսͬУ޵Уڸ߳ǸУҲж֡
ɽܹϣԽ̺ĵطԽǳһԶŵϢ
Ծֺꡢɽ
īûʹսֱշС
ڷеĹУؼĹǿķһȫóīûκĶһӯĸ·
Ҳ˵īٷУûģԲϵĽлۡ
Ǵȥ»˾°͡
·һƬĸʱīһɳͬһ޴ɽ룬Ƭĸ֮ϡ֪жûжˣ˳ܶط˸ֲ
һˣѷ֣ڻϵľ޴ɽ룬Ȼһ
īⶫʲô֮Ҳһ
ãֲľ·ûбʾκȤûжһ¡

ī׷ɹ֮һ
Ȼһ˭һֲѡȻīη壬Ҳ޶˵鷳
˾ͼͼ˵ֵطѾ׳Ӱˡּȴֳ顣
֮ûãīһֲֶĵļһ
ˣ
ڳīٷеʱ򣬶ͻȻ䴫һǿҵ
īо״ȴûмκζ
ţĺ͵ĴһɴʹҲǱһɽҵֱǰĳԶ
ˣ
ˣ
ī־һ
һգ
ȴٴδһɴʹ
ιȻԷӰӶûпóīиеǳ𾪣ڵʵһ۷ʿҲǰһ㡣
ã澳֮չֳǿķԷιֻʹȴû̴ܴ
ҪǻһѰʿ¾Ƿ۷徳ģ£Ҳˡ
ˣ
Ϯ
һΣīǰ׼תе־ɽ
ţתе־Ϣͬʱеģ־ʱռ䡣
飡
һǿڳīĺ֮ϡ
ǿҵľʹһΣԷĹҲڻ˳īļѪʳīȴûǰɡ
ʱͿռֱӱϢأվȴöԷĴιֱա
ī̧־һ
ॣ
һնһӲޱȵĽ棬ƾоī֪һûնƶԷǡ
Ǹʲô
ī𾪣̧ȥڿ͵ϮԼɹⶫ
Ȼǡһֻӣ
һֻһɶ೤ľ޴ӣ
շ˵һҵ̸ͣǴ󡣵һֻӣǻһֺȻĸо
ֻͨҺɫֻĿһով˳īΡ
ӣīɴ۾ôӣ
˵ЩķҲ٣ôֲӣǵһμ


1021 ͱѣ
ˣ
ɿȻһ˫ĹâųīȻֻҲǿˡ
ƽûʲôܵסĹ
ǿǼޱȵĴ̣һΣܹڶԷϴߴѪҺ
Щ޴ķ飬Ҳʮа˾ŻĶӡ
Ӵϣᵽζζ޷ܡ
ոǵ£ڴ˵ļûüӶԷѪΪԷķӦ̫죡һ´̽ȥҲ̫ǳҪĴΣǸ˿ڸһ㡣
һΣȴԷ㿪ˣһݺݵĸһ
ѪҺɢζҪĳ嶯޲ȫµѪҺȫɡ
ֻ˵һ£һγųīɱһΡ湥
ٶʵ̫ˣ
ȻīӵлӰ粽ֶµҲѸӵٶ
Ѿ׼ʩչžе־Ťռ䣬ʱ䡭ֻӵĹ
īȻԾԵոմﵽż𣬵ԸһķʿѾ㹻ˡֻǰȻǶЩĵĸо
óīеǹս⳹ӿͬʱһӿġһֱѹǹɷɱ⣡
ϣ
߱Ҳ֮
ȻһֻӵǶвҲԵ߱еŭ

īһݺնӵһϣɣ̵
īһնһ˲䣬˱־
嫵ؼӿֱ֮߱ϡ
һնȥֻӷһ̶˻Уޱȵȣֱӱīһնϣ
īɫѪҺ˳ֻӶȴʳ
ֻӱһ֮󣬷з衣Ϸ̶˻ԵޱʹࡣҲķŭ
ʣȡī˵ȶˣӽԺֻϲϵķɡ㣡
ˣ
ʣȵ˵һٴγīһһȻѧˣȫ
ǿмĴ̣һѳֱӴī۾
ⶫȻźܸߵǵģ
Ȼ֪īڡ
īٴʩչ־Ťǰա
ֻ˲͵˳īǰзޱȵĴ̾ī۾ʣ²һƵľ룡
ȴ·һռ䣬ȫû취̵ī۾
һ˲䣬īһӵ۾
ҪϹҵ۾Ҳͬһ
ӵ۾ɱȳī۾ˣīһһߵ۾档ӷһ˻Уʣ鲻Խ
īһеɫ̨ת嫵˲䱬˳ųīֱۣӿ뵽߱쵱Сͬʱīһ־
ؼ䣬ӿ
꣡
һ춯صľ졣
ڤ˵ĵ嵶ף
īһϹӵһ۾֮󣬻ӵնʣµȡȫնϣ
ӷʹ˻𣬺ѾͬʱɿҪߣ
һչȫٶȣǳīҲ׷
ӣ
īһĨĹâֱеĽ־һ˲䣬īӦǿҪ۾ȥīֱӽֻ˵Ӹס
ȻҪ
һֻӵһֻȻֺݺһӵĸīɫѪҺʳ
ֻڱīɱ;ĩ·
ʱĿУһʵļ
ˡ
Զǧ֮⣬ͻȻ䴫һµƬظ𺳵ò
ţѹѹһƬաųī򣬷
ҿīɴ۾ͷƤЩ飬ûκԥֱӷֻİӣתߡ
ಣ
īΣֱӻһ̣ʧԭء䣬ξͳڼǧ֮ĵط
Ⱥӣôһգ۵ĹҲѾֻī˽ӸǰѹѹһƬֻӣͣƬ֮һֻ;޴Ӵ֮£ĳųīʧķ׷ȥ
óīЩοǣ׷ȺӣʵȼԱȸոոԼսֻ˲٣ٶҲ˺ܶ࣬ȻٶȲ࣡
Ҳ˵ֻҪ΢ͣƬ̣ͻᱻȺ׷ϡ
ôһȺ㵥ܶԳīκ˺Ǽһ𡭡Ҳγɾ޴ɱؼͷƤ顭ֱֲ̫ˡ
īһ߷Уһ߲ϵŵ;ؼľԴԴϱī壬յԶԶĵġ
ֻóīЩǣѾ˰֮ңǺѹѹǵصȺȻڸ
ǲݰǿǵĸףīһơ˼ͱѣ⵹ãͱˡ
׷׷ŰɣīܹԸоԼľڻУиոĵЩҲһָ
Ⱥ׷Ը׷ںźˡ
ʱǰȴͻȻ䴫һֲ޺һͷ޴ɳȻվ𣬴ɽϻ䡣
ţųīߣٴηһ


1022 ˮ

󷢳ʮȻնƶƬͬµֱӺī
īȻߵաˣ
˭ֲֻľֱӷһŭ𣺡ĺˮ뺦˭
Уֲǵصϯ
īͷߣ˵Բô棬ֻĻҲһֲǹġ
һ˵һ˿ûͣԶȥ
ʱȺֲӣ˲ֳӪһӪ׷ɱīһӪȴž˹ȥ
¡¡
񱼣
޴ɽ壬ֱ̤飬Ҳڲµɽľ
ƬֵУʱŪ߰㡣
īǳ˳飬˵Ǹ治ǹġ
ͷҲ˳īڵϸųīܡӴܶٶȾȻһ㶼
ţһȻֱӻһģֻľ޴߰ɸߣͬһˡϸ죬ųī׷СӣҪŪ㣡
īһԲٷС
ʱѾдӣ׷˾󡣷϶ҧ
󻯳ɵ˷ŭһһЩֱĵϡá˿סЩӣӳ
ܿ죬ͱӰΧŭ
ʱǰĳī΢΢ԥһ£ֱתž󻯳ɵľ˳߱ɨʱϰֻӱն룬ӿе䡣
ţīֳžϵӽչϵնɱ롣
ʱ򣬾󻯳ɵľϣѪľȴһ˫޴ɨһ۳īһŭĵϷܣ
īûԥֱӳϷȥ
ʱǵصӣҲͼľ룬ʱп׷ǡ
ôǵǵģ˳īŭţǿҵĵȴ˺ܶࡣΪոҪ
ǣһֻңҿ˸ī˵
һֻһ˫۾ɵϴ󣺡ȷһֻ
ǰôˣīЩ֡
ŭǵŮ㡭㿳ǵŮˮӵĸף˵ǻ᲻ƴ
īһֹǿǵѽ
Ǵˣһơ
ô죿һվﲻֻӰѪɲɣīҲһơ
ŭųīһʿûֵܵطʲôӦĵطҪǲÿ飬Լĵ̣ڵáϡã
˵ϻˣ˵˵ôӳȥһ㡣ī˵
ǰĵ̣ǾͰȫˡ
ˣ
ǵصȺٴٶȣƺҲǰĻΣաҪｫ͵ؽ
ⷽԲǧķΧڣֻǳưԵķݶû˸սǵȨֻҲ
˼ȺٶˣʱŵûɢȴܣȥȺܲˣ
ī룬ֱһץס˵ͷһޱȳصĸо˲䴫㽫׹ȥ

ī̲סи̾
ʲôŭ
īһԲֱ־嫵ľī﷢һŭž˵ͷչӰ粽ٶҲٴα
ޱȳصľ󻯳ɵľˣīץͷп񱼡
󻯳ɵľ˿нŭҵͷСӣŪҵķͣҸû꣡
ôϻٷϻͰӽӶȥī
ҵͷһ·
ٶľ룬ɽĴʿ˵ʲôһ޴ƿīܵӰ졣ٶȻûнͣȴþˣ
յؾѾ׷ϳīٶȡ
ãīеɫ̨ϣӿ嫵ڳīĹ֮ǰڳ嵽˾˵Ǹط
ˣ
һ޴̵ľ޴ѷϸ죬ÿһֻȻʮɴС
Ⱥӣͬǵأûī;˵˼ȺӾɱȥ
ʱȺӲŸе־壬һ䡭ƺҪߣ
ľ޴ѷɳֱɱȺӡ
УһĴսֱչУͨȫѵĶֻ֣бԵķݶɽ磡
ȻЩӲǾ޴ѵĶ֣Ҳһ㻹֮ûУÿֻӣžͻһֻ޴䡣
ʱ򣬾˺ȻС˵ᡭϽܣȻ岻Źǣ
ǸǴ˴ʳﰡī˵
ƨΪЩѸӣв٣ƽҲǸģַ˵˵
ī˸ۣнеķ壬Ǻ˽⡣ôһ˵µͷǸϽ߰ɣ


1023 󹫼Ϣ
ʱһ͵Ůλ͵ţһô
˷˸ۣ˵ˡǱˡ
һǳƯŮӣһȹӣ߳˸ŸӵĹâˡ
˱Щë˵ҰСӲ֪Ⱥġ
ŶŮӵ˵ô
ǵģ˶ŮƺЩη壬Ŀ˵
ŮһЦһûнƬ࣬Ȼ֪ˮǴ
ǰܴġ˵
Ů̾һˣȺˮ̾꣬޼ɵҲ˲顣ҲһսᣬҲá
ͷüŪ۵ʮֿЦ
Ůʱ򣬿һ۳ī˵࣬ʲôѵû˸߹㣬ﲻӦĵط𣿡
ī˵ǸǴ鷳Ҫҵһѡ֪˵ûУһֻ󹫼
󹫼תתӶһ£ͷεø˹һûУû˵
ʱŮӵɫҲЩˣüųīֻѣ
īʱһϲ벻ô׾͵õˡ
Ůӵɫ˲Щѿüͷҡͷ߰ɣû
ţīЩֵĿŮӣȻֿ˿ˣ˵˺ǣ
ûûУþһ峤ܱһֻ۸ˣǳ鴤˵ûҵˣˡ
˵ţȻͷҲصתˡ
ŮĿһ۳ī˵ֻѵĻҽ㻹Ǳˡ
ôˣʲô飿īʵ
뵽󹫼Ը˵ǻīŵģҪ˵жаôӵ飬īš
Ůӿųīԥһ¡ʱԶǾ˳Ƶ峤Ҫǲ壬ñСֻ
Ůһ̾Ŀһ۳ī㻹ǸϽȥɡⲻӦĵطģͻصȥԺٴˡ
īҡҡͷ˵У㲻ңҲȥֱҵΪֹΪҵĻ飬ҵѡʲô˺ǵ飬ôǵǸ
Ůԥţã˵û˺ǣ켦һȻϸйϵҲû˺ǡǻˡ
Ů˵ţųīǵ˿ֲĵˣ࣬һȰϿȥȻп߲ط
ʱԶ峤˵̫ˣ»۵ǵģ
Ů̾˿ЩεһЦҲˣҲ˵ȥˣ£¹Ƭ½Ĳܸ̫ࡣĲҪѰֻĻǾͼϷ߰ɡһҪСģΪԷпѾ֪ˡ
īüͷŮһۣͷ֪ˣллܸô顣ôˣ
ī˵ţŮһȭֱת뿪
УѾˮ峹ѹƣȻȻо޴䣬ˮֻʱˡ
īߺ󲻾ã󻯳ɵľ˾ȻֻˣɫЩѿŮӣ˵ҪƬ鰡
Ůӿǰˣ˵ѹƣ糢һ¡˵ܹ⿪ء
ܣ˵ûǸڵĶ֣ǸطǸط˵ţ¶޾Ŀ־壬ȻҼ˵ȥ
Ůӵ˵ǸƬѾ̫ˣһֱ뿪Ƭϣе飬Ҫ˷۷壬ٶΪ˲¶ڵܣ뿪Ƭȥĵطɽ٣ֻܺְԵ磬ܹˡ
㡭˿Ůӣ˵ǡǲ֪
Ů˵ֻܹƬɽĽϣҵԸȥѵʹȥ𣿡
ɫ粻ĿŮӣŮҲһȻվǡ
ã̾˿ָ࣬ҪԷǸʲôڰ
ŮЦЦҪǸԷǸʲôڣȥ𣿡
ʱһǰôƻġ
ƫһþ嶼ܴأ㲻ҲѺˮˣŮЦ
ʱˡ
ʱŮӺȻ˵ǱˣôҿܻȫȥϽ뿪Ļ˵лɡ
סʶСӣ
ŮЦЦܹ飬ûв֪ġ
Ʋ죺ֽ˻磬˵Щ˼𣿡
Ů˵ǳīһǿ콾Щ콾ҿҲδر㡣
ЩԾôǡǸڣԶԶɽܳܵľ硣࣬ôǿҲ˵Ķְ
ǿ˵Ů˵ţȻ̧ͷһա


1024 
УսѾ뵽β˵ˮĸһ˭ǣٶ˫Ǳ㿳ȻĻȺˮΪʲô׷ţ仰˵ֻɶûĻҲԺˮ巢𹥻
ʱ૵ѽˮֻӡһǼӲ̶ȿȻˡ˻
뵽ʲôһסйâ˸˰Σ˵㲻˵һû뵽Ȼֻܽĸˡֻӵļ׿ǼӲ̶ȣɽֱ޵еİ
Ůӵͷԣˣ
һ𺳵ĵͷˣĻ࡭ϣ
Ů˵ϣܳɹɹˣͽｮзĶˣ
˵ǱȻģ
Ů̧ͷ˵벻һ𣬰ֻӳ׸ɵ
ʱһĨη֮ɫŵĵǸ϶ˣʵڡ
ôˣŮӵĿž
Ҳ¡һһâ˸ʵȷǺܺ£һŮǰԼ£Щȥ
ǵģֻɶӣλ֮ǰĹϵɣŮ˵
ǰǰҵһ͵ͷ
Ů˵ɵλҲڳʧȥһߣ
һҲǵλ˵
Ůâ˸˵˵ǱߴʱǼɽ١ֻ
΢΢һ漴ҡͷУ϶еģǸֲ̫ˣҪ٣ֻҪһǧٴˡ
ŮЩʧĿž󣺡ˣ㻹ǻѴȥɣֻӣ϶Ѿ˴ڲ֪ĸأҵλˣӿ϶šʱһŹκθгˡ
Ů˵ţһ۾󻯳ɵľˣȻγ𣬱ͻȻ͸űٷȥ
󣬾дľ޴ѣŮ󣬺ƺƵǸȥ
ʣ¾󻯳ɵľվԭأԥţǰҪǻ϶ŹκθгˡҲô
˵͵һ£󺰵峤ȵҡ

īмۣϷܸоǸ峤ֹ̬УźܶණѾˣΪոʾ󹫼ʼ˲
ⲨǳŲõķڷչ
Ҫڴ󹫼ߵǰ󹫼ȳ
ʱǰͻȻһӰһòӢˣһʿҡȣЦеĳڳīǰ

Ƕ

ط൱ϣһȫԶŵķò濴ȥƣΧľ죬洦ɼ
һ͵Ϣ
ڣȫһľ
һİ磡ɽȫͬҸ롣
һͨʶֱ졣Լﳤ
߹ﳤͨŻ֣ᷢǰһ嫵İ硣
ؼľ㵽ĳ̶ȡ
һԳصĶһС磡
һСѹƾ粻ͬǣطѹƾ磬ҡƾ磡
Ҳ˵һЩƵĵطʵսҲܵκεӰ졣
ˣߣҲһ𶴸
ǵģߣһ
ǡ
һսķѣֳĽ磬ˣ䡣𣬲㱻˻ڶԪķ˸׻ɱˡ
ֶΣĪ⣬ߣҲȷǿľ硣
ԣ
ǶУһؾꡣ
ֻʣɾ磬־磬ɽ硭Ҳƾ޵ˡ
ֻҪȥ磬ûĶ֡
Ϊһ̤Ϲ·Ĵܣôܸɽֵط
ԣѹĽκɽٷΪκһ٣пǶӦͬʱΪ˱סܣҲطκ뿪
ȥｮƺûκνƣʵϣзͼ뿪Ƭ򣬶Ī⵽֡
ȥô飬ǧ
Ѿûʲôҳ忪ɣ뿪Ƭˡ
ҲڷѰĻᡣ̤Ϲ۷֮·ˣԣҪĻԻ͡
߿ȥҲͶʮӣһ˫У̲ǳһ㣬ޱȵ貣â˸С
ǰǱӡ˵Ĵ󹫼


1025 ʦɱ
۾â˸Ŵ󹫼Сˡ
󹫼ǿ۾Ŀһߣ˵
ǺǡߺǺһЦȻ˵ˣ˵СҳȡһѪû뵽ôԵȻڶһΣѪøӴѪǺöţһСͿڶԪ
ˣͽĵڶԪ˴ϡãԶġ󹫼Ȼӡȴɺܶ
ߵһĨŭ˵˵ͽΪ磡ԼǲȺ˵׸Щʲô
󹫼۾һĨЩʲôǱס飡ǻеЩ飡Щһֱ죬ǲӢۣ㡭˵Ҳֻһͽˣ㱳Ĺ㱳˺ѡƤôô走½񣡾Ȼ˵
СŭҲûáǲɱġҪ㡭ͬѪһ𡣡Ц켦һ壬Ч˲Ϊ켦һŵǿɳԡ˭뵽켦һʵĶУ˵ͽ켦һʵͽ
ߡ󹫼һ÷ֻЦү㣬ֻˮһա
Сô˵ôҲ켦һŶӦ峤ˣΪǴܹ켦һ壬ʣôһֻˡǺǣľûУǿɱ߳Ц
󹫼һĨŭ𣬵ȴ޷
ߵʵ̫ǿˣɽ磬ֱһӦôڡ
룬ǸҲǵ󣬾ҲûʲôϵѾ̫ûнӴˡͨú˽һ磬ױʲôˡߵ˵
ֻֻҶɽ繶Ӳд˵Żָʵȥɣ󹫼֣磬գۼܱ˸򱬡ɣٺ١Ȼû𣬵
ʲôߵȻ˵ǰеĵʵʵĹ£֮Բ磬Ϊ˵һλԵѾĻԵҲ͵ˡ
ɡ󹫼ں˵үˣ׼˯
׼˯˵
ȥġ󹫼үΪʲôҪͲ˵ͽ
˵Ҳͽһһ٣úΣաҿԼܵĥࡣ
˵ţüһһֱӴڴ󹫼ϡ
󹫼Ȼżʹ࣬ȴһԡƽīǸզզĴ󹫼֮
ҪԼӲô¶̵Цݣ˵ǸѿܲĵȻƬϵЩ鿪ʼ궯ұˣܺáСңʲôˣΪʲôô
ҵѣвɣүʲôݣѣ󹫼ţž޴ĥȻЦһ˵үСƨ쿪Ҫץסүˡ㻹Ϊѣ
Ҿɱߵ˵
ɱȥ£ؼүʲô¶󹫼˭ϣֲֿ֮Ѱˣֻһ
ô󹫼ȸжֽǳǡ˭ǰ˵ΣաȻȻǸɡɽ磬޵еĴڣ
һīκʤԡ
ԵĻ󹫼֪ͨīϽӣжԶӶԶܿϧûа취īκ硣
ãҾɱߵ˵ţȻŴ󹫼СֻҪӦҡ
룡ĴΣ
ͼĥŰɣ
˻˵ɱ˼ү
ɱ

īǰӢӣüͷ΢΢ʲôˣʲô
Ǻǣַ̾Ľϣһͬʿֺеĸо㲻ô裬ҲˡˢһչȣзȵĶԳīЦ̸̸Σ
̸ͷī̧־һ
߱췢һֱӱһƬѤĹâնˡ
īҪ࿴֪ǰⶫˡʲôв϶˾ǡ
ˮͨҪ˻޶ݲĻҲûΪˡ
ӢüëһҪܿīһͬʱ˵Щȥл˵
˵ƨīһһչӰ粽չĹ
ӳʱֻǲ϶ǵõʲôָȻЦǸʦ㲻Ȥˣɱ㡣
˵ţе͵ıȻʮѽɫС


1026 ӭҵ
ÿһѽɫС棬Կ߿ǣޱȿֲϢ

ȣȻһ
īϣû˿⣬һЦе߱죬Ϣǡ

ϣ
ॣ
һӵ
ī˼һ˿Ѫ
ʮѽɫСȫ۶ϡ
ӣڿѪһ˫ƽУ˾
ųīѵٿī㡭Ǹˣ˵仰ʱ˵г
Ȼϳ˳ī
ȴΪʱ
꣡
һס
߱һնȥһΪʲôԪʲôʲǫ̂ȫն顣
ӣ˲
ţӵʬֱӻһֻҰɫԳԼһɸߣʬڲϵĲšȻѾˣ黹ûȫɢ
ȻһֻӡīƲƲ죬ȻǶķɫУ˼ء
һֻӣˣȻǳīޱǿ󣬼Ƭ򼸺ܳʿԭ򣬻ĺѶ϶ˡҪǣֻӵʵѾﵽ˷ڵ۷徳硣
ʱԶɽٷĴڡ
ǰǱصΣҪԼиء
ǱǶеߣһ˲䣬ӺȻ΢΢һ˫â˸УһĨ𾪡ʧôܣҵĺȻˣ
˵ţŴ󹫼ޱĵСѡ˭ôɱ˺
ү˵ǣǡүġѣ󹫼ѾĥðȴȻҧ˲ϡ
߱òᣬĶŴ󹫼ΣȻͻȻЦǡ㲻˵ôҪģ޵еĴڣʱ򣬱Ȼ֪С˭ɱĺһۡ
󹫼ɴƤһ仰˵
߹ţתҲˡ
īܿǶĶڣվڼǧ֮һɽϣʼǶ
ۣ
һѪ
漴ī¶Ȼ֮ɫ
㲻ã
⵽ɵģٿ֤һ£ǰѾԽɽĲΣ
ī֮ǰǸ峤ֹģǸͷܴ󵫵ȴľ峤ϵľ档Щˣ̾ġ϶ǸʮֲֿĴڣ
ݲеĴڣôұһǣ
ī뵽ֱӿʼǰɻûݵʮ֮һ͸оһת۵һٴһѪεķɡȻȸոջݡ
ī£ڱˣ
ôȶеĴڻҪ£ʲô˼
ѵ˵һµķɣɾҲԼַɰ
īϴžɲĹâʱǰĲͻȻ䴫һɵһϢӳ뵽ԺСī΢΢һѾܾˡǲԵĿѪ»ع֮󣬵һΪ
ǶϢ֮󣬳ī˶ˡ޷ɽֵطȻһ̬Ķ
˵֮ǰķţѾܴ𺳣ǱϾ֮ѡɽӵġǰǶȻϵһ𶴸
λڣȻһɣ
⻹ô
ųǾǰǶԳһ磬ɾʿսôһɵĶ֣
Уī㲻һɣֻһ֮ңĴܣôɽֵطֱ̫ϳ˰
Ϣܼ򵥣ֻж̶̵仰𶴸ɡ
˸֣
Գī˵Ѿ㹻ˣ¶ϢѾ㹻˵ˡ
īֻ벻ͨһɣס𶴸Ϊʲôɽ硣Ⲣͷ۵ģͷ۵ǣôѴ󹫼ȳ֮ǰݣָطĳȡī󹫼һ档
ôô죿
ī޴ȷЩ¡
ǰĵһ޽ɣҲΡ˾ʹ򣬴򲻹˵򲻹顣ɵһɣ⻹ôܴ
ī΢΢˫ۣ˼
ƴ϶һǵѡôֻʣȡһֶˡ
뵽⣬ī̲סЦһܾõľ仰ھԵʵǰһıƶûκ塣
ǰ˼ҸҪ㽲ҲҪۡʲôı˼ֻҪһơ㣡

ī̲ס³һȻüͷã̾һҲֻܹˡ
󣬳īֱ̧߽
ΧŶЩޣΪī˾е־ϢԣӶǶ
ȻΣգͲǶſЩޡ
ī֮һɲϢ˳ﳤͨͬˮһ㣬
һʶǵصųīѹСӭҵ磡


1027 ɩ
īһЦֱȡȻȡһ㾫Ѫžһ£뵽С
䣡
ϣȻ䱬ɹâ˶һŹâУһoֱӽǵصʶ⣬ĿУһߣô꣬һս𣿡
ţУֱֳַһһģһķ
ī˲ջصУȻֱӼ˲ϵѪ£˲ʧǶСС
Ǳ߼ΪңԶĵطһӵľУվڴ󹫼ǰҡҡеľУƽΣСҶѾûʲôˡ룬׼ʥҩһˣӦͬԴﵽҵĿģֻʱܻ΢һѣ𲢲ںô걾𶼵ȹˣҲһʱ䡣׼ʥҩѪñڶԪ񡣡
󹫼һĿߣҲ¶֮ɫ˵СȻ׼ʥҩ
ʰڿ˵ͽҪôûУƾʲôͽЦ
󹫼Ȼͷ˵׼ʥҩ㼦үңͬĵڶԪ־类˼ҴĿ桭
ž
ߺݺһƳڴ󹫼Դϣ죡
һ˿Ѫ˳Ŵ󹫼ʳ󹫼УȴȻ˲мֻȴ̾һСӡ㲻ģûãȲ˼үԼ
ʱߵüͻȻһӢĳüҪǿ淢һţ
ǹɺϢֱ߱𾪵ˣʧɣôܣ
ɽ磬֮⣬ôܻеڶɣҾСԷôģɽʱΪʲôûнɽű
ɫ粻ţЦǺֶΰñЩ⣬أڱǰù£
˵ţľзѹ󹫼ʯ̨֮ϣһֱʧԭء
󹫼̧ͷһ𾪵ı飬૵ɣСĪ˰ֲɣôܣ
󹫼δ䣬һӰֱӴǰʯ̨ǰĵ滹ţ𶴸ϵķӡȻ˿£үǰ־
еǰ־ƿԪأ
𶴸ȻӡΪǿ󣬵ȻԪعɡȻǵǸĻⶴķӡֲֻżԵĳīδܳɹ
ߣѾΪҲûɽ硭ȻĶ
󹫼ĿɿڴĿųīֱԼ۾
ʲôûôӢˣī󹫼ãֱӳŴ󹫼߹
󹫼ȵϵķӡֲܿ
ɷӡôīüȻʩչˮͨе֮ǰ˲˿ߣ󹫼˿ǧÿһɵ
Ȼͷ˿ϸܶ౶ÿһӵſֲܡ
ǳīСĴȥһס
а취𣿡īŴ󹫼
󹫼˵ĵ
ī˲佫߱У˿߿ȥ
ˢ
һȥʮɵ˿Ӧϡ
顭һ졣򱻶ϵĺȻ󣬵ȴܿ¡
߱ĵ֮ϣ߱˿īȴоһɾӭͷĸоæ־
ɽ
ǡȴֱһ˿Ѫ
īеĹâȴ߱켸һƬӰնŴ󹫼һ˿ߡ
ÿһȥ󹫼ľͻָһ֣󣬴󹫼ϣҲֱӱһɺ嫵Ϣȼܻ档
֮
ֱӽʣЩ˿ȼճ˻ҽ
īĿһ۴󹫼ֱܹӽɷӡһճɻҽһڡҲѾ൱ˣ
Լ߱죬󹫼ġȴ
󹫼һץʯ̨ľУųīͺСӣҡ뿪ط
īһͷ׼Ѫ£ԶȻ䴫һСң
īŵһԥļѪ£һ󹫼˲ʧ
¡¡
һֲĹֱӺʧĵطʯ̨ܱߵһУһ֮£ȫ˲䳹
ŭһʬȻݺݵĽʬڵϣƮ㣬Ʈ㣡ˡû꣡ȻƷɽ磬ҲҪĵɱûɢ
䣡
һâȻֱӹᴩ𶴸ߵͷ­
ǹâУ̲޾򣬴ŻһеϢ
ߴ󺧣Ʈ㡭㡭㻹ţҴˡҴˣ
飡
ߵͷ­ֱӻҡ
Զٴոģһȴ̺Ѫķ
У޾ĺȻɫؿھʧǵ૵šôܻţǲǡҲȫţ
УһŮҴҵ⣬ɱ⣡
ͨһڵأɩ


1028 иɵ
УŮȴûٴֻʣһɫ࣬˸žɲâߡ
ãŷһ춯صŭ𣺡ҵĻƽΣģС͵ȺС͵Сû꣡û꣡û꣡

Ƕʮĵطī󹫼̽ͷ̽ԵǶǱ߿ȥѾˣһֱûκζȫ˿
󹫼ֽľӸī˵Сӣ֮׼ʥҩˣ
īɵɵĽӹľУ׼ʥҩʲô˼
ǳԽҩ׼ʥҩҩ𣿡󹫼Ŀһ۳ī
ôõĶ͸ңīΪ󹫼ںЦŴȤʲôЦ׼ʥҩǴײˣܼô
ʱʮ⣬һ춯ص𶴸д
ī󹫼Ȼ󹫼ųīôүûƭɣ
īȴͣӵľУҲ벻ľоȻװһ׼ʥҩҪǡ׼ʥҩ֣лƽΣ
Ѿ˵ɺϣֱһ漣
Ϊһʿīһֱˣȴȫ޷һˣɵ̶ֳȣ
Ŵ󹫼ЩʵװŵġǻƽΣ
ǰͦģЧȴһһģļƷҩͨġӡ⿪ųĻΪĴܣδסҪ֪Сǵ¯Ըõķӳ׼ʥҩĹЧү᲻øأ󹫼Щ˵
īԶǶ̲סЦ૵ɰ
󹫼ЩֵĿųīȻ˵СôƭǸֲļһģ
ī̾ϢһŴ󹫼һɷȻǷϾһ߼ٵɷ
󹫼һˣųīâЩӣҲ˵Ϊ˾ȼүʧһ
īЦôôˣһ׼ʥҩһֵǮɣ
󹫼˵ûʲôǱֵǮġ
ѣô˵е㲻īŴ󹫼֮ҪƽΣգԹۣ
󹫼ԥĵôܻԹۣүܵԶԶģ
ȥģīЦ
󹫼Ҳ̲סЦȻ˵ƮŮ۵Ķžѧû뵽Ȼܹһɵ飬֪ǶλƮŮʲôϵ𣿡
йϵīһԾŴ󹫼λ˭Сôץȥģ
⻰˵Щˡᵽ£󹫼һƣ̵ģүֻԳˣ
ԭīһ˵ֻԳɽе״ӣһʵѾﵽ˷۷塣ΪߵĻͷˡ
Գװ߸ǰȡ
ԣｮΧ֮ڣԳＸûκζ֡
󹫼ɽ֮ҪҵطȻȴīΪ飬󹫼ķأֱӾ䵽ｮϡ
بһĹʿʿķ򣬷顭Ҳǵķ
򣬴󹫼ȻȻĵģҲûʲôá
󹫼Ҳȥܾӵأ壬ˮ壬ҲǸͷСľ󡣺ĳ֣ˮ˸ء
ֻԳ֣ʱҲһʿݣڴ󹫼ǰ
󹫼ΪīԵʣʿһ׽С˫֮ССдһ¡
ֻɵΪȣܴүүݺݽѵһ٣͸үˡ˵ʱĳ󹫼Ȼһ⡣
ȻأīƳһ۴󹫼
󹫼ʱԴƵĵȻСһϿң뼦үȥĶͣ˵ǶԶŴģŸֱүʱϵȣҲЩ⻰
ɵɣī˸ۡ
󹫼۾ǸһﵱʱȫǼүĶ֣˭֪ᰵ㼦ү˭뵽Ƕ滹סһɾϲɽʿסү𣿡
īҲȷԴ󹫼Ŀǰսɽʿס
Ȼү֮󣬷Ǹ˵켦һɱɾȻֽүϵѪߡҪǼүڵһӡؼʱ̴żүӵ˽磬¼үͷϵ񶼳ɲˡ󹫼Щͳ˵
ʲôīɫԶǶһƬ䡣
󹫼˵ҲǼүùû뵽ȻܵڶǸ˵ΪͱŪء
˵˭īʵ
ıɭǰһλ𣬺ǳսУɱ˵ڶԪ񣬲䣬磬һɽ磬һֱһؼңʫһ档ƮŮ֮䣬ҲôһϵɭƮŮ۵ɷƮŮһҲͼ޹ôһˡ󹫼ƤųīǲǸɣ


1029 ȥ
īĿɿڴǣϵıʮ־ʣû˵
֮ǰոմʫ֪һЩƮŮ۵飬ĺŴ󹫼˵Щ
ؼҾȻ𣿡ãīֹһ䡣
ʰ󹫼һ۳ī˵ؼҲһ壬Ȼֻ˵Ǹͽؼҵĳ裬ˣؼܸˣҲΪˡ
ͽʲô˼īŴ󹫼
󹫼һ۳ī˵С˵𣿡
īͷ
ʲô󹫼ųվһ𾪵ĿųīȻ˵ôܣΪʲô˵Ӧðѵ˸ˣ
ôӦʲô˵Ǹط֣īŴ󹫼
󹫼һĿųīڵ㣬Ӧ˵Ǹطġ
Ҿ֪ˡīʼ硣
ðɡ󹫼Ŀһ۳īȻƤǼүҲڿȷ˭ˡ
ǳīī˸ۡ
ү֪ǳī󹫼ûĵȻ֪ˣôӦøԼ˰ɣ
󹫼˵ţе̾˿
īҡҡͷĸ˭ҾͲ֪
Ǹ˵󹫼ֱӾըëˣųīǻ˵˵֮ǰɡ
īͷߵĿŴ󹫼
󹫼ƤĺܣںīעӣԹ˵ںܾúܾǰ
˵ص㡣īûĵ
ðɡ󹫼һ۳īȻ֪򣬼үͳ˵Ǳߣϣ̫ǿĴڣ˹ɱЩǿߡʱһλΰ׼ʥ֣Ŵ𣬻ĵˡУ𾳽ĴܣΪ־壬ǱߣͽУɭһ
Ҳ˵վߣүүΪУīɭȻ˵
󹫼̧ͷһ۳ī̾ôʱ䲻ȻѾ֪̫顣ҲûõʲôôֱӱһȺΧξ𡣽һһֱ죬ûָܻ

īһ£ȻԶǶâ˸˵󹫼˵ʱҪ٣ܵǶϿȥɽ٣
𣡡󹫼ʱһȻĿųīСӡ
ôīŴ󹫼һĨ
󹫼˵ǧôǸ˵Ȼκɽ٣²ҪסɣɣһƵû·Ƕ߳ɾʹˣܽɱɽ硭ҲȻ޴ˣ
ī¶ʹɫѵһ˰ȻĻ
ǲܣ󹫼ն˵һ죬ҪģҪ˵ޣүĳ޸ʱõĽֻܾˣ˭ҲõôԼȥֵá
īͷȭͷ߬΢΢˫ۣһѵңĻϣ
ң󹫼һмĵ㲻ֵж౯ң¸£̤Ƕ벽Ϊһ뿪ǶǿϢͻὫ䣬Ȼ󡭡췣١ɣҲͳܲԣܶ꣬ʵʵĴǶСһ¾ķ磬ͬ൱ѣΪֱӳɽ٣ֻ취ڶпٳһͨҪ֣ҪУڵ״̬ΪǺǣûϷУΨһһ׼ʥҩѾˡ׼ʥҩСӣӦúļֵ
īͷȻŲ֮ɫɾŹܾ÷ǳʹ졣
Ǿȥ󹫼һӦ˵߲ⶴ̫ǿͷųնɱΨһצｮ鶼Ҫʧȥƿˣ鵨ӹھѾֱˣ
˼ǣｮķ飬ҪֶξǿţȻֻն˵ԳֻɱһЩģīʵ
󹫼ͷû֮ǰˮȺҲצ֮һ
Ӧñˡī˵
ʲôûˣ󹫼˵ֻҪǹ뿪ط˵Ͳܽôѹ͹ȥˡ
ī룬˵Ǿꡣ
˵ţֱӳǶķ˹ȥ
󹫼ʵ
ȥī˵
󹫼һ£Ȼ㻹ȥ
˵ţͻȻ˷Сӵȵң飬ô˼ү


1030 չ
ｮϵļ飬ȫһʢ
ĵηǸڣļһǶһʱɢǹϢǼѹȵô
ȴｮϣʹһ졣
飬ʼǵǨ㡣ȫ뿪ĵط
֮󣬾дķ飬ʼԶĵطԶɽ١
һʱ䣬ɽ磬ٴα𶯡
ʿȫ𺳵֪ʲôΪʲôͻȻ֮ɽɽٷ
ȻһʧˣġȴɹĶɹ٣Ӵ˷硣
µһֱ࣬һ֮󣬲ܹѪ飬Ű¶һ㡣
ȺɽԶĶˣ
ֻҪҪȺɽޱؽȫ
ǵĴˣ
ӣʲôʱɽ罨Ʈ칬в޵ӣҪ
һ
Ҳ뱨
ѾһӵǸ֣һŰϻˡ˶ǲ²⣬īʲô
еޣȫһĬǶɽǶǶеλڣֲֻᣡ
Ȼܶ˶ΪʲôôлīǸ벻ԭ
ʱ򣬳īŴ󹫼صɽƮ칬
󹫼Ƕ棬ʩչӲߵѹ̣ҪѪ
󣬳īŸ󹫼һƽ͵뿪
ȻһǶ𶴸ĹҲīʹ󹫼Ҳ²⡣ΪڶʱԵЩ㣬ôвīȫŭ𣬶й󹫼ϡһ죬ҪԻƽ
Դˣ󹫼Ȼǲмһ˵ģƽѾǵҪûȥܹػص磬Ȼص硣
ص磬ҲδظĿŵ¡Ͼͽݣ֪ˣкܶϡ˭һͽġ
֮Բ߻ϵϢй¶ȥҪһԭ򣬾ǺеͬûУѪħֻ쵰˵ָͻὫ߾Ȼصȥʱ֦ڣǸԼҲʹ졣
Ʈ칬С
īʴ󹫼Ҽǵõ˵Ҫص磬ҪΪȻһͨ
ûô󹫼ųī
īü˵Ҳ˵ʿѾԴɽ֮ͨȻͽ
˵ģҪĲϡϾɽ֮䣬źܺıϡҪǿд򴩣ƾġ󹫼˵
֮ǰһ¡īƮ칬죬һµĿֵܽ˵һ顣
󹫼ˣ۾ųī˵ǸܣֻһˣȻʱϢѾ޽ɾ磿ҪԱ
īͷ
󹫼һ£˵ֶΣôôħĳֶΣ
īŴ󹫼ʵ˼Ѫħ棿
󹫼ͷүо¸Ӧйϵ
Ѫħ桭ıӦò֪ЩһֱԵҰīüͷѪħ֮佻ѾֹһΡҲ˽һЩѪħԸ
˿ܣоѪħķЩ̫ӽѪħĻпǱ춯֡ȵīƮ칬ʱȻͻȻѡȻƮ칬£ɱĶɱˡѪħֶΡ
⵾ˣµģȥҪīһ̵Ľѵ;档
󹫼˳īķҲЩ㲻ˣ˵⵾˿һܺķѾ޴Դ鷳ģҲֻ˵ԷĳС뵱ѿǿԱҲҪ㳶ȥˣһ˰ˡûô˵ˣ˵ЩЩҲһ㡣
īͷȷΣաһͿܻɴ׽ɵЩͬˣ˲ͻֱ
뵽⣬īҲоĶ⡣
󹫼ųī˵˲˵ôŸѾԻءȵʱǵ磬Ȼͻʱ򣬴ùʹŹ򲻹ܡʲôɾģ
īȻЩҲòϴ󹫼˵ĺе
󣬳ī󹫼Ʈ칬ʱס£Ϊٹ£ħСˡ
Ʈ칬ҲѾѸٵ죬֮ǰ˵Щ塢ɣѾ˴ЩһȺûеСƨ
ƽƼʫƋOͻСѾЩƮ칬ʦǣҲ̵ʱסȺԭЩɽꡣ
ôˣһȺ𴫳еˣ
ѹһȺЩɽСƨֱҪ򵥡
󣬳īЩҡҩģƳ˴ƷʵͬʱһƷЩƷɲ˭ܵõġ
Ҫžޣ˼ĵӣſܵõּ
ƾЩƷѾǱ𺳵ˡ


1031 ħ
˵ɽ磬ڸߵ磬Ҳ˶ġɽ磬һʿܹϾѾǺܲˡԴһ棬ҩļ۸ͬҲǺҪһ档˭īϴһƷĵ¯˵ˮ׼νġ
īͬ˵ЩɽУҲûӦŪĺӶ츳ѵ֡ΪϵδЩǷܹӵԼһϯ֮أá
ʱƣħСӣҲԽԽˡ
īЩӣ׼˺ֵܶҩЩҩ֪īµСеզࡣ
̫ˣǳīʦĸСҲЩ֮ˡ
Űɣʲôħһ̹Ȼ
īЦʦӦøʦúѧѧ
ѧĺƤôСһħȻһοĵлл㣬ī
һˣ˵лûҪˡī˵ţֽ׾С˵ʦǱ׾ڶɽٵʱ򣬸о֧ȥʩչ׾
ϾȻֹСòᣬĿɿڴĿųīֹȥҪĻһᱻ˷ɣ
ħһС˵ֶôҴһ
Сžµϣʱı飬ųīֿħ̲ס̾Ϣһܹʶˣ˵һȺˡ
ħīУżֲᣬֵûôԣ˵ʦˣҪౣءܱ֮ЩͻҪһ¡Ͼﲻͬɽ磬ƺܸӡ
īͷ˵ҲҪʦ˵ġ
СӣұħЦһ䣬Ȼ̾ҵһᣬǱΡôЩ˷ͻ޷⡣
Сסħ֣˵ǵͺˣûʶǣǾͿһͨĵΰ˷Ȼ
ħϣ¶Цݣͷ
ڻǵһ죬ħСˣһǰһֱ١
ħûñ׾ֱһְֲ̬٣ʧɽؼ䡣
СҲûñ׾ľ⣬ʵϺע⵽С֮󣬸ûʱ䣬ֱ̤뵽ڡɽҲû̫ɹķȥ
ʫվڳīԣĿħСȥ̾Ϣˣǳ𡣡
īһʫЦôͻȻָп
ȥʱ򣬾ûַաȴĸоƺܲ԰סʫԶ޾˵ĲīÿµӣȥĿⷿȡµԴһЩ쾧ʯһЩҩոһգ긴һꡣҪôżμһЩ˾ٰľۻᣬʼЩȤʱˣҲ÷ǳġ
ʱ򣬶չЦ˵־ۻȤ޷ǾǴҸ԰ڣһԼһЩ޹ؽҪĵơ˵ҸѧһֵͨΡ
ʫͷǰЩ޹ؽҪĵƣЩѹ׵ĵƣû˻˵ۻϣҪôһЩߵġĴµĻš
żһЩĵھۻ϶Կ˳۵˷ս˵
īЩֵĿŮôˣǲˣ
ûУŮͬķϡ
īȴŮУǶЩڲġ
ʵ˵
ͣʫͶͬȻ໥һۣʫ˵ҪȰǣƮ칬ǵļҡ
ͷҪŰǸϳȥ
īȻʧЦǶƮ칬ʦ˭ҰǸߣ
￴һ۳ī˭֪Ʈ칬䣿ƾǣչֳǿܹɽôﶯ𣿡
ʫҲ˵ǰƮ칬ĺʵ㡣
ī΢΢Ĭʵֺγֻ֪һֱƮ칬֮䳶̫ĹϵΪģҪ۵Ʈ칬۵ԼЩѡ
ڿԼôҪƮ칬ƲϵУƮ칬Ȼīɡ
ȻˡǾɣǿЩˣ
нƽɢħСˣѾ뿪ɽ硣ͬʱɽежԹҲȫһʹ
Ⱥ߳īߡ
īһۣôùôк
ЦҲùùȥЩõ飬ңһЩ
˾ͼͼʱҲ߹һ۳īʵʲôʱ
ôī΢΢һüңȻ˵ҹҲˡ
īȻûȥɴڵ٣ʵϣѾǰͻƵ˷ڡ٣һûжáء
˾ͼͼ˵ʲôʱһҪһ硣
Ŷīһۡ
˾ͼͼû˵СѾߣȻҪˣ


1032 Ҫ׬Ǯ
ʫͶﶼ̲סЦʵϣӵദЩ˸˾ͼͼ֮䶼ദĲҲȽϲֱˬЩֵŮӡ
ֻ˾ͼͼıˣʵϣǸǳ츳㹻ǿŮӡȻĻҲܱޱУΪϤĵ̡
˾ͼͼһֳ뻯ļī궼ϳ˴
һֱսīû˾ͼͼ֡ߵЩƾ¶
һʫѾŵ˲ˣѾ㹻ˡɲھŪ綼֪ߵЩϵܵѣȫ𴫳У
īһ˾ͼͼӭԷԥĶӡջǳī˵Уҷʱ򣬻㡣
˻صƮ칬
īٴϵ꣬ȻòκλӦڻУҲûκӰīѾ鵤Ǳߣһټ֪ͨôʱȥûаϢصҲ
ؼҲ̫ˣ
һ̫Ŵ½ǰƮƬġȻѳɽ硢˽硣Ȼһ飡
Ӵĳ̶ȣ
һǳĵһ
ǵ־ʿҪ߱磬ҲҪʱ䡣ͬʱлŲĽءЩط֮ءû˸㡣
ҲС
ϵ꣬īֻһֱš
ʱ䣬Ϊ鵤˲ٵĵҩҲǻ֮ǰǷ鵤õĸ顣
˵鵤߶֧֣ԽԽе׸ûйϵīҲ˵ˡ
ƺٻϵϵҲǿȥĮļ֡ȻīҲ˵̫໰Ĺϵϵһͨѡ
˫鲻ġ
Ϊīʲô֪īȴʲô֪Ϊī֪Щ޷޼ɵĶ˵ڡ
ҲйÿθīŰ˵ʱ򣬶װúĮӡ
Լ֪ʲôʱܳ׽ιϵȻ˵˵֮ī¶֪
һԾīٶ൱ˣԼЩ¡˰µʱ䣬īľ磬Ѿӷڳڣ嵽˷ڡ
ʦʦѾ棬ҷǳȫʦСŰϸ߳īȫõǡͬʱҲܿĵĸ߳īǸȫͬĴ磡
ʿӦȥĵط
޿ܣСԳī˵ġ
īҲܿġ
һ죬ЩѪֱӽ˻С
һΣûκڣҲûʩչٱԼòԱĿ뵽˻˲㵱С
˲ĻȻӣܷܶʿͣҿȥƺȹȥҪ١ܶŽס
̫ˣҪһطһطǳѡѪʿҪȥ׵ĺܣףǳ򵥡
īһĻȻ뵽һ⡭ڻп޴ĽкУǻô
ʵϣĽкС˵鵤ãңǶڻԼ⡣иڻԼ⡣
һֻǣν
鵤ʵеȻڻеĵ̣Ҳֲ鵤ּӦеĴݻ
˵ڻһ̣Ѿ൱ĽˡҪ󣿼ǲܣ
ôܹڻռУ½һأ
֯Ľֵī˼š
ܳɹĻôڲϣڶʱڣΪһӵо޴Ƹʿ
һʿ˵Ƹ֣ͨǲ̫ԸἰģΪƺӹסʿǳǴǸߵľ磬Ǹơƫƫģûκһʿ뿪Ƹ档
ҩҪǮҪǮĹͬҪǮҲҪǮ
ΪʿǮǽŴؾľʯ
ԣԵĻīһ㶼ԼΪһ̡
ţŻȥ
ԼıĿϵˣûˡкҪһ㣬Ǿǣī˲ʱĺܶˣѾͻƵ޽ɾ磬뵽˵ز㡣
ڽͬʱ˼ҲûţҶڿٵĽ
Ϊܹ뵽еģнеٮٮߣš
ī뵽ѪǱ߿һۣǱɸȥһۼŴʿҪѰָոս磬ȻѪǿȵʿ
һûκα׵ģͼǳɫѪʿҲȻᱻܶС
ϾѪʿѾ㹻ǿˡ
īһЦǷ߹ȥֱŶ롣磬ҲֻһˣŻȨˡ
Ȼƺ֪Ҫһ㣬ЦеĿųīУٶ
īҡͷЦڽǰżɽ˵Ҫڻ磬ٽǡ
΢΢һųīʲô
ī˽һʵش𣺡׬Ǯ


1033 
ЩεĿųīȱǮ
īͷȻ
֪֪Ļ飿鿴ųī˵Ȼ⣬أȷᱻʵĳˮ
īŽ˵˭˵Ҫҵ彨ˣ
ʲô壿һֵĿųī
ȻǰīȻ˵һǣÿһǶʮӵ£ѵûٽǣ
Ŀ͵Ŀųīǵ壿ٽǣ
ѣīŽ飺Ӱ쵽ƽ⡣
ǲᡣͷǡûй
īЦû飬Ҳ˰ɣ
˵ǲһЩС㡭˵⣬ʱס죬Ŀһ۳ī˵¡Ҫһ¡
ޱôīŽʵ
ЩɻĿųīô
û£ʡī˵
ȻóīƺһЩ仯ı仯˵ֻǾЩ֡
ֱޱ˵֮ޱŵЦ˵ʵûʲôֻһʼЩܣѾˡ
ʲô˼΢΢ü
ޱ˵Ѿ֪ǵˡ˵ţŽһһС㣬īĺܱҲӦܹ뵽ǿеС˭ˡοֻһʼʲô֪ʱ򣬲ԸʵΪΪСӦѾףСкܶεԭ档ҲΪչ
˵⺢ѾʵҿʼȻʹСһˣ鿴ޱ
ޱͷûԼĸµԴֲʲô˵顣ǱԴҲʹ𣿡
̾˿˵ס
ޱ˽Ļ⣬ǲҪˣеЩȻȫӡˣǸ㼶Ĵ˵򿪡ӦҲûѡ
ҲǣǲҪ̼ǱˡЩһֱϣǱܳһУֻڿǱЩ˲ûһһֱڻ̲ס̾ϢһӣΪʲôҪ
ޱ˸űĹâЦνǸ߹Ѫһ˵ǰˣؼԭʵӦöõүʵˡС㡣Сһϣûֱӵļ̳Ȩ١ҲǿԵõԴġԴζʲôҶȻкܶ˲Ը⿴ֽ
һĨŭ֮ɫСѾǻûûˣ˵⣬һȭһ޴ɽ塣
¡һ޴ɽ屻÷顣
ޱһĨӨһ֣Ѿɽ壬Ȼʮ¾ۺһ𣬿ȥʲôҲûһ˵ǻү
ȥޱԼ΢ۿãų˵Ҳ̫ƽħ죬үҪɳҲûôס
ޱЦЦˣСĶӣϣſСĹѪ˵졭Ƕ̫ԸϣȴòϵһʵǣҵѪҲ
һ˵ͷܹ߳һʥڵļ壬ôǹȥҲǹĽȴˣΪǸ磬Ѿǡ
ޱŽЦЦ˵гһգǻлȥһϲ
ͷǽǵ飿
ޱЦ˵ǣʮǣҲ
⡭ЩԾĿޱ
ޱЦˣ磬ģҲãҲã߰ˡ
鿴ޱصͷã

պ󣬻磬Ѫʿǵľۼأ졢ɡĽ֮أٴαһ˵Ϣ
ռ䣬ֱ³ǣ
³ǵĹģҪϳǴʮң
ֺĳǽһ޴ĳ¥¥
³ǣ·һҹ֮䣬ǣں嫵ƽԭ֮ϣԶԶȥͬһֲֻľ̾
һֱǵӵ£Ѫʿͷ۵һ⡣Ҳ˺ҪǣûеõκεĻӦ
ڸ˺ܶ⣬ͻȻôˡֱ˵Ԥϡ
ʲôûͻȻǡ
ͬʱЩ޴һȫۣҪڵһʱ䣬פ³ǵСռĵطӪԼ⡣
Ϊ˭ֻ֪ҪڻռһСطԴٷˡ
һ̣ÿ󣬶һ˵֣
𵰵ĸ˭Ҫ
ȻȫĿɿڴǣ³ȻԽ룬еĵ̡һŲţ
֮ģ³ǵĻ⣬ֵһʾ


1034 ³
ʾдķǳΪϳ̫ӵصڴ˿³ǡΪ³ǽľ޴ԣڣ³ǵе̣ȫɻоӪύκʿ󣬵ȳջؽǵģЩ̻½ʿ
һʾֱȫըˡ
̫ˣҪʲô𣿡
ꡭô˵ǧ갡ҪҪôݰһǡĵȷǲСҲҪջسɱɣ
鲻ѵµĽ鷢Ĺ走ΪʲôͻȻЩϽˣ
ǿ飡ƾʲôôĵ̣ȫŸǣĻҲԼһǣ
³ǣеǣҪȥ³ǡ̫ڰˣǾϳǴţ
ԣȥ³ǣ³κζһȥ
еѪʿǷ׷׷඼ߣָ־ٶڸȺʿǮ
ԴˣûκλӦȫһ̬֮֮ȡ
ͬʱһЩˣԼڻнһǵ˼˴Ĳոսһֱӱƾճֵһ÷顣
˲аٴνһǽͱ÷顣
£࣬һ㡭ûٳڻнˡ
ڼĴ֮£׶Σ³ǵ˵ȷࡣܶ˶ǺȻˡ֮£ǻǸϰϻǾۼ
ܿͷ˱仯仯³ǵĵһ¥ġ
ܶ˶֣Ҫ֪Ǿʲôת³ǡΪǿֻҪȫ³ǣ³̵ķԱûУ
ʵ֤Ǵˣף
³ǵľ¥ҵ죬Ůھ¥ſڣЦӯӯˡ
ЩŮӡǴģ
ˣôûЩˣ
ǲˣֵУоܸߵʿһۿЩŮȫǻеľ
ˣʲô˺ʵ
ǻľֻɵˣֱָ࣬˵־֣ʿǰȴʵڵġҲֻлĽ飬˵ָʹǡ
ǣľǻƵĹˡ̾Ϣ
Щֲṥ𣿡ɻ
ģȻȫڽ飬;ǹ˵ġȺ˽͡
󣬾Ц˵һȺһľ֣һ¥˸ԡֱֱǸЦҪǺóԣҾͰԼ۾ڳˣ
ȫһ㶣ҪѰ˵ˣҲܴȺУʮƮλá
ָ˵˵ݣǺǣϹټҵһ£˲ĻУһҾ¥ϹټҵģǺǣ±⣬רҲġ
˵ˣͬƮλѰҡ
ǱߵϹټҹ£¶ݣֱվЦ˵Щûã¥ľƲˣǸҽȥ𣿡
кβңмͬ壬ϹټҵʿվٺЦϹټҵĹ£Ҫһȥ㲻ң
ЦһȺĲҲҳԣϹټҵĹĿ˸ЩԵе顣
Ǽ¶ʿЦֱƵȥ
һ˻ͷһϹټҵλ£˵о䣬ܡ
һͷҲص˵ûµģĸΪϹټ޹أͷǾЦϹټң
⻰ǷҶóвЦ
ϹټλɫһһģһҧͳϣǶԼ˵
֮ǰǸʿһЦģľƲĺѳԣͷǲڵǸԺڻȾƾȥϹټҵľ¥
ϹټҵĹ˵һΪ
īվȺпһĻ¶ЦݣЩͬĿһλϹټҵĹ£ĵȻڳԼ۾ˣʹȴʵʵڵģ˵ҪڰԼ۾ȥȿȣöģϣܳԵȥ
¥ȷǻ翪ģȫ棬ȫǳīģ
ޱ˵īѾµǵݣҲʵ
ԼĸԼĶΪʲôãƾʲôã
Ȼ¥ĻƺŮԷԱȫǻеľֻɣûκμܺͱ죡
һֱнжԾ־ž޴ƫΪ͵ȼ飬޶硣
ǵģʿǿ޵ġǻ֣һģһ˲ŲҹӡͨޣʿУûκελ
ھ֡Ǿ͸˵ˡ
죬īȴ֪ЩľǣЩǵʿһ޴ľϲ
˵ˣһǺݺݵĶ⣡


1035 Ʒʳ
³ǵľ¥С
һȺڳʵѪʿЮűȥϹټҹ£һİᵱСĴõǻõˮܹ棬Һȴ档ʶܸ
һ㣬Կ³ǵһϸڣ˹ġ
ʿףֱӱһΪ۸Ȼ۸ҲеС󡣵Щ۲ƵѪʿ˵Ҳʲôŵǵģǲϵʳģ
ȷϵʳﶼУһӢʿ΢΢üĲ˵ȻһɵĿǾֻɵƯŮ
Ůɫ΢죬ͷ͹٣дŵģǶеġ
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ڳȫ̲סһϹټҵĹ£һŵ˵У
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ŮȻЦݣĵĻش͹٣еģԵһġ
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۸񣬾ϹټҵĹ£ҲǳԲ𰡣
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ǼʶϹټҹ£Ҳ۸ˡ
ƤӶӰһݣڻҲзֲǳص㣬ٶ죬ɶѽסӰζƶʳġ
Ϲټɫѿģ棬λϵˣʶӶԷһƷ治ɫľֹϿ˿϶һͨˡ
ָͨǶϹټ˵
ΪϹټҵĵճӣҲݳ˷ѡֵһǧ༫Ʒ쾧ʯһٷ磬ܹ治ɫȥԵˣҲĲࡣ
ԭϹټ»ţ¥ĲƷĺóԣȥƤҪ˵óԣ˻ܰôѵ˸Ҷǿɣ
Ͼڿѵ˵óԣƫƫͲϲ
ԭѾ⡣ڿ˵֮еûˡ̲סλˣλѡе
ЦЦĿһۣ˵ô̽ҵϸȻǷ񷴻ڣ
Χļˣȫ̲סЦϹټµУٴһ㳰Ūģȴֵӣ
Ϲټɫ˲ǵͨ죬ٽĿͶˣһݡ
Щ˾ȻȫһģϢƾľ飬ǸоЩ˵ϣȻȫһλߵϢ
ϹټҵĹап࣬Щڸոչڳ嶯øȺ˽
ղŸûϸڲŷЩ˵Ĳλ˲˸е־塣ΪЩϴλϢˣλϵȫǳ𾴡
ϹټҵĹЩˣΪ棬ʯ뵽һֿܡ
Ӧòɣ
氲οԼ
λϵ˵һϹټҵĹ£˵飬Ҫ˵̫Ȼ˵ˣǾҪĲ˲óԣϹټԺͷˡ
˵⣬տڲ
ԵһʮĵŮӽӹЦеĿϹټ£Ĳ˺óԣ㻹ĳŵĻ³Ҳˡұ֤ϹټҲ̻㣬ʵСԼ۾
ϹټҵĹһ£Цһ˵һᡭ˵ţ֣ĨһѶͷȫ亹
ܿģƯŮһĶ
ϹټҵĹ˲̱λϣҪȥֻζ˦ϹټϳǾ¥ĲƷʮˣ
Щˣһȫ۾һ̣Ϲټһ㣬ȫʳָ󶯡
λϵЦȥұ˵ţӣһתźŽ۾΢΢ϡ
ãһ˫ۣ޵ƷʳģƷʦ̫ˣҴûԹ˳ɫľתź
Ҳһ̾ĵŮӽ߸Ǿˣ
һʿ޵һ˻磬û
ʱŮЦеĿϹټλ£ܺóأô
ͨ
Ϲټ˳ֱӻ̱ڵϡ
λϵһĨ񣬰ڰ֡
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˵ſȺһЦҪϹټλ³Լ۾ô۸ˣ˵ţתȥ
ϣʱһƬȻ


1036 ˵ĲƸ
ܿ죬Ϲټ£ҧԼ֮ǰĳŵһֻ۾̽ſ˺üСŮޡ
ҲѸٵŰϴ±ͬʱҲ˵ݲ˼ĺ档Ϊ鷢֮ϹټǱ߾Ȼһ㶯ûУ
īҲڹע£ʵϣһֱȺУû뿪
³ǵľ¥ȻоԵĵģЩʳģȫǽȥѰҵģ
Щǽҵ鵤Ǳߣ鵤ø߼ġ
Ϊī֮Ĺϵ鵤ҲǳϡԵм۵ļ۸񣬽ЩƷʳ˽顣
֮³ǵľ¥һڶ졣
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۸ϣϳǶ̫࣬ʤڷãƷƽƷʣҪϳЩĵ̸߳һɣ
ˮ׼ѾǸе̾ˡ
³ǵõĻƺŮȫǻеľеٷӢŮòԸᡣܿͱ뵽³ǵѪʿܡ
ʶнеľ֡Ҫ򼸸ֻɵȥ߻Ů뷨עǲܳɹġ
³ɧžŮˣȫܵ˲ĳͷȻûҲųһ亹ҲϷЩ֡
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ǶģҲûġ
ԣһȥЩƷ쾧ʯܵīǰʱīоԼ˶ЩΡ
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ŽǶѻɽļƷ쾧ʯīһθܵнĲ
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ŲжѻɽļƷ쾧ʯīѾЩľˡҲΪʲôЩƴҲҪڻӵһԼĵˡ
׬ǮٶȣֱĻ졣
ڻе³ǣ˳īƹߡ
˵һƮ칬һɣīҲظ֤ǡ
ǮԺ󲻹ʲô飬򵥵öࡣ
罨Ʈ칬ȫüƷ쾧ʯֱҹһȺɾĴʿ
ҵһҲǲܵ飡
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ʿƴĸ˵ԼȱԴīֽҾ޸֮ȻһˡĺѾܾ
뵽Щīˬĸо
黹Ǹ˳īһҸ棺Ҫ̫ߵҪףǣ棬ڻ籾ġͻȻóĲƸ϶ܶ˵ĻɡʲƸͱҳһ취ЩƸù
ԽĻīΪȻóķͷѾˡ
ҿ罨һСȻǿ鵤ǱߵĺīŽ˵߽³ǣʵڵҩ顭ѾЩǵ⡣˵鵤Ǳߣ̫æˡڡ
οĵͷ˵뵽ˣĵҩǱȽ֣ͨҺܶ඼鵤òûеġ̫ͻ鵤ǱߵĺҲҪжϣҪǿһ¡Ǳǡ
󣬳īصϳǣ鵤УҪԼ봺ǱȻӦʡ
󣬳īλΥĴС
봺⣬ȥܿģīЦݣСӣþò
īʩ񣺡ǰ
봺Цеĵ˵
īҲûϻֱӵݸ봺һƿҩ˵ǰ
봺ӹƿҩûڵһʱ򿪣ǷһԣĿųīСӣҾʵ³ǲǸйأ


1037 ޼֮
ī΢΢һݣ漴ЦǰܿЦôܸйأҪǱ£鵤úʲô
봺һЦСӣٸҴۡΪҲ֪Ĺϵ󲿷˶ΪˣǸǺôܻ
īЦȷû£ҵȷûϵһûôӰ
£Ǹ봺īҲ˵ʵ֪̺ŵĿֲ棬īڼʶÿĲƸ֮󣬳īЩˡ
봺ȻһֱǳʶⲻԷ˿ֲȫġ
īյĲƸĿҶһΪЧˡǱ֪³ǵ涼ȫ´ӽԺߵģܱ任ʲôӣҲаյİ
봺Ŀһ۳īʵϣҲȷһīйءҲڲ²⡣
ΪͻȻð³ǣе㲻ϳ羿һ磬һֱ죬ûܸһ˵Ĵ𸴡
ڷ봺ī֮䣬ӦкĹϵġȻĻ̻ī
гī츳˻ô룬봺ȫͬ㡣
ī츳٣츳õģ
˵ǰЩ³ǱƵϹټǸڳԼ۾ȥǸˣ˲²ûκνɷ봺ȴǸ˭
һˣ
һʮĵ
𿴷봺ͬǵĶʿǸ˵ʱһҪͿͬڡ
˭˵Ǹ˵츳ã磬鿴һôô
˵ڳī֮ǰĽȻżָһЩˡǶģ츳ʲôĸûаëǮϵ
ֻгīҲΨīý鲻ϧ޸ĻĹּıӻ
īܹɳô죬İкܴĹϵ
ˣ˵ʲôϵûУֻʹȻţ
īϣ봺ҲܼȥΪīѾ˵̬ˡĸ³йأҲû鵤á
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󣬷봺˳īղŵݹĵҩƿһ򿪣һۻϢ˲Ȼһ˿֮
ŵ÷봺ֱӽƿӸϣȻһ𾪵Ŀųī⡭ʲôҩ
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Сٷϻʲôҩ봺һı飬һ˫۵ųī㲻Ͻ˵ʵҸûļơ
īٺһЦǰֵҩ
봺еĵҩƿĿųīû˵
īҲû˵ֻ΢Цŷ봺
ϰ죬봺һȻһĿųīСӣ֪֪ⵤҩн˵ζʲô
īͷ
봺૵ڵеţ³ûϵˡģ³йϵĻⵤҩ
봺˵⣬ͻȻų貵ľ⡣ǹâУǺҫϢޱŨųīĻءðɣӽī鵤ᶨʵˣ
봺˵ţվųī˵³ûйϵӽԺ㶼鵤ᶨʵѣ˭Ҫ㣬͵ڶ鵤ã
īЦЦܿĵվлǰΣǡ϶Ǻඣ
ȻǺ죡ĺˣⵤҩӽԺж٣鵤þҪ١ҩͷиӣ鵤õġȥҩ֮⣬߷֣ߣ鵤á봺֣˵
īҡͷУõ̫ˡҶѾռ˺ܴˡ
봺ųīĵīֵ֪֪ҩ鵤ãûó鵤öĵʦƵҩȥɱǸ鵤Ŀģ鵤ģһʦζʲô忪ҪǴȥ鵤ûᱻ˸Ųţƿҩȥңǲǰӣһ㿪˶ֳַɣ
ҡǳˣҲŲǺī˵
Ҿôһ˵ҪȥһӦء봺˵
īŷ봺ţǰҲ´ȥ԰ɣ
봺ܿ϶ĵȻᴫȥֳɡȻĻϹȥȻֵҩûгֹҸҿ϶㹩ӦϵĻÿ괴󣬾һڵļƷ쾧ʯ
봺˵꣬ԼЩ˼飬̾˵֣ʵЩˡ
īҲһŷ봺ⶫô󣿡
ⶫСӡ봺ͬһһĿųī㾿ļֵ޼֮ǲΪнƣȻô̤룿ǲΪȥܶ࣬˵ܺͻƣ
ѵôī˵


1038 Ԫ
Ǹƨ봺е˵˾໰һĿųīɺ͵Ǿ޾»۳ĺòãһ磬а˳ϵǿ߾ۼɢﷶΧ֮ڣδһɣԣ޼֮
봺˵ţеĵҩƿȻһӵĿųī治֪Сôܺõ̶ֳȣⵤҩʲôƳģǸħʦܣںܻɣĽ飬ǲһĶʦ
īűӺٺһЦȴû˵̫ࡣ
£˵˵ٴ˵Ͳ˵ˣ¶ŵġ
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ûУҪǰһ֣īŷ봺
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īĿһ۷봺ҩָûŮʲôϵ
봺˵ҪŮһ޸㣬檶УŮԣ˵ţųīһЦô
ī΢΢һȻЦƺܺð
ǰɣܺðɣ봺üЦĿųī޸Σ
īֱӱһŷ봺˵ǰɱҿЦ֪˲á
봺ЩɵĿ˼۳īаСӵ֪֪Ǽ£ȥǲ֪ʱľ磬ҲӦò֪ǿϧСӵıԣ֪Ǽ£ʮа˾ŻḺΡǰֱӸƻһӡˡīֵܹزѾ˵Ʒˡһ׮ǣοĴмܱǣסģ
ţ봺ҲЩ˼ж︣ƿҩ˵ԪҪԪɣⵤҩѾǿˣҪâ֡
īͷǰ˵㡣
봺һ˷ܣ૵ֿԸднĵҩȻġˣ򸴺󣿡
īЦǰ׷ɲУҪ׷Ѱ·
봺Ƥ˸ǸѾˣ
īҲЦЦû⣬н磬ÿ˵ľ硢Ρ۽͵жǲһģǿá봺϶һȥ׷Ѱ·ġȴ˼˾Ӫ鵤õϡǰǰ˸ң򼸺ȫ״̬׷Ѱ翵֮·Ҳ˵˭˭
īȴţԺлᣬһҪúðһ·봺ԼǷ̫ˡ
󣬳ī˸봺Ļ棬ӦÿṩһεԪ봺ˣīҩġڵʲôģ봺ʶûһ䡣ΪҲǹء
˵Ԫ鵤õ϶øãҵҲһ¥һֱڰԾԾҪϳ鵤õңƺܿͻ޶޲ˡ
ӻīֱȥһƮ칬ɾ쾧ʯֱ
Ǯ⣬Ժǿˡīһ𾪵ʫͶЦ˵
ǲǸոմ˻磿ʫǶѻɽɾ쾧ʯ壬û档˶ǮѻɽĳǰǵһΡ
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Ŷ˸˼Ҳû˵йѽ
īЦСŮĺܣЩùˣԼˡڶʫҲִ֪磬ûо¼ȥ
īȥ˴󹫼󹫼ʱƮ칬ĺʱ򣬳īһ£ˣ
󹫼еĵǴ
ֲĸôʲôī˵
СעԴǡ󹫼ųī
һһ໥һ֮󣬴󹫼ͻȻ˵үҪˣ
ô죿īЩ⡣
СӲƵġ󹫼ֹһ䣬Ȼ˵ү绹кܶҪȥҪСԼร
ʲôī˸ۣ˵ĺҪ׷ɱһ
ʲôʱȹ󹫼һ۳īȻ˵İɣүӦģ
īŴ󹫼ҪΪʲô𣿡
󹫼ųīСӶ£Ͽҵֻسˮúð컯֮үãǰ˼үæˣ
īȻ뵽£ʵ󹫼컯֮Ϊܴ󣿡
󹫼Ĭһ£ͷүҪһҪ컯֮㡣£Ҳǵ켦һоġǣ컯֮磬Ҳ൱СңҪǷֳǳѡ̶ֳܹȵģ㻹ǵһ
󹫼һø˵ʵ˵컯֮ⶫԱ˵ȻҲ޼֮ȴԶ켦һش
ī룬Ҳ󹫼һ֤İɣе컯֮㣬ģ


1039 жԵ
һ֮󣬴󹫼
īŴ󹫼лһֻȼܻ棬˫ĻգֱӳϣֱġҲЩӡ
н磬ߡ
ǧзšÿ˵󣬶ȥ׷ѰԼĵ
һ𣬵ʵҲǹ¶ġ
īʱ伸ûôţÿ춼жȹԼʱ䣬磬鵤һԪȥ
鵤ãҲΪԪ룡
ŰϹڵԪĸϢ㱬ը
ƵɣȻƳ˵ԪĵҩҪднʷĽడ
нʷȻı䣬Ԫĳ֣ɺ㱬
ԪʲôƵģ̫ˣ
϶Ǵ漶ĴʦƳֵҩ
鵤ӵдʦ𣿡
Ԫļ۸ϵ񣬲ʮƷ쾧һö׼ӽ쿪ʼǮ
ޣʮһöļ۸鵤ù˰ɣ
˵λҵ˰ɣЦʮƷ쾧һν뵽ɡɾĻᡣܹ˵Ҫġ
ǣԪƷʵĵҩ˵иԪѾﵽƷƷʣֿ¶Եã
Űϸ׷׳֣Ƕ鵤ƳĵԪԼ顣ΪѾ֤һǧ֮õʿһöƷʵĵԪ֮󣬲ʮ죬ֱͻƵɾ磡
ԭŰϷǳԾһ˵˶Ͽ˵Ԫļֵ
硣
ҡ
𳤴ɫϾǰһڼ峤ϡ
鵤ǱƳĵԪǿõ𳤴ʵ
ؼѾõˡһվ𳤴һȻȡһСƿǰ𳤴
𳤴ӹֱ֮ӴСƿȻ󵹳һųСĵҩҩͨɢŵӫ⣬ɫȻӡȻĴϢ
ǺöⵤʦĹޱ񰡣𳤴öҩ˵ܹƳƷʵĵҩҾȻĽһ˿ϢСҪǣⵤҩϣֱӿӡ󣬽ҩסַӡģΪҩôͨ飬ҲܳԼķӡһôҲץԼͷԼһǡʥˣ
𳤴ˣһⷨĿӡֱۺн磬ּĵʦ
˵ˡ᲻ᣬīйأһվԼĲ²⣺ī鵤֮Ĺϵһֱ΢˵һʿô׿Ҳ̫ܱ鵤ӡʵȴǡ鵤öԳīӣѾ󡣸ǱߵԵ״Ϣ˵鵤Ѿīܵѣֻǻûй
£ȷɣīһˡֱӸټ鵤öԵȡܵѡ𳤴૵У˵ǰʱ䣬ȥһ鵤ã봺ǸϼһԽӴ֮鵤þƳ˵ԪǶ鵤õ˽⣬鵤УƳĵҩ
¡ҪôԴ֮ǰ˵ʵ
ʱ򣬲˽ĿͶʣ֮ǰڻеڶɱˣ˵սֱӴӵؾ䵽һؾ硣еڶԪûǾ߷ϣȻĻֻء˵綼䵽ɾ硣
֮һֱӼΪĳϣҪ飬Ҫμӵġ
ڳ˵У˵˭Գī鵤õ˽һЩҲĪ
ʿһˣܵڶڻбɱⲢûӰ쵽ڼеĵλƳԪǳī顣
𳤴˵
Ҫô£ΪãҪôɱʵ˵Ҹˣڽɱ޹ǼĶԹλ룬ԪƳģôʮа˾Ųᱻ򶯣׳Թ̸ܸģ鵤Ǳ߿϶ҲܸӸ˵Ҳһ鵤úһպ󽫻дɡɡǵйأȻǺ޹ϵ֣鵤ãˡ϶ĴмһˣͿԳΪ鵤õѡôպأ
ڳһˣȫĬ
𳤴ͷ⻰еҸ֮ĶԹСˣá
ʱһվ˵˵ǰʱ䣬вپϵվΪī˵˵˸ġλйϵġ
Цλôܣһ˽꣬ôܸλϹϵƣ
ո˵ɫ΢죬һۣû˵ʲô㬵ˡ
𳤴º͵˵Ҳã޻̸֮ЩϵվӦøλûʲôϵλݺнʱЩϵܶ໹ûء
ʱ˵Ҫɱī֮գʱ̣
𳤴˸룬˵ȥɣҪһ


1040 
ҵϣ˵һλΪǷ̤֮·˵硣кܴ飬һ£ȴǹϵġǾ㣬һ
һֱ죬ûԽī̳еķˮֲͨͬĵݵĻīˮͨλܿѹùīͲ̫ˡ
ҵλҲѾʧ꣬𳤴ڵļڲˣΪѾʧãã
ȻǴҵĺˣû˭ڴ˵ӵ̫衣
ң𳤴ⷽǿҲͨµǸϵǲС
һṦǸӲɣºۼǡ
𳤴ʼԡ£ãλǰ
𳤴ҪͨһĪĳУλ֮鱣ӣӻŲ¡Զ
𳤴֮󣬾棬ʼת㣬ڳīķʱ
ʩչ𳤴һѪʢӰֱӴһ֮س֣Ǵ֮ص𳤴˲ôԿھʶС
ţоԼһʩչˬƺٳûһڳī顣
֪֪ˣܰս
оԵܹɱīҲҪȫ֮ߡʨȫһĻ֮
𳤴ݣͻȻ֣ǵѪʢӰȻʼЩģһɾ޴ֹ֣𳤴ȥͬһʱ̣ҵ棬ڷŵǴλȻҲʼ
𳤴ݣЩλ
ڡ
ž
һλҲλžһˤǡ
𳤴ǰǲɣӵҲһ죬Ѻۡžһ¡ķѣɺܶ飡
ۣ
𳤴һѪֱҡҡ׹ɫ԰ף¶ޱȺȻ֮ɫ
棬ֻһˣûб˿һĻ
ã𳤴֣ҪǼָոǣǼӲ޷ºۼǣȻǷ绯һ㣬ֱӱ˻ҽ
ɣѣ
˻
𳤴¶ŵĹâţֱӴâҪסѵǣһСͽ͵ġֱӻ˻ҽǰĵϡ
ҵ棬ҲһɰϢ
⡭ôܣ𳤴ҪվȴоһҷڣͬʱĵоȻһ˿Ѻۣ
ǵ˺ףǾҪʾ
ҡҶЩʲôô𳤴ĿʮִͣȫһġҪһ¹ڳīѣȴ뾹Ȼܵ˿ֲķɡ
𳤴ǰ棬Ѿµλ΢΢һоһޱߵĺ⣬
ţ߹ȥСĽλȻһϵѪ˲䱬ѹסȥûܹκ˺һ
𳤴߳á
ȫһеĿ𳤴ûж໰ֱӽԿھʶУīķ֮شݸڳˡȻһԲתȥ
ոϣ΢΢ſͣҪ˵ʲô𳤴ƣӰȫ͡
ÿһݣпܵһķɣˣЩҲû뵽Ԥϵء
ʣ˼Ŀ𳤴ıӰȻ󽫳īķ֮ؼ˵ʱȥɱ
һҵĳϱʾͬ⣬ǿʣҪɱһոշķʿܳκ⡣ɱǲ⡣

ɽƮ칬ĳīոͻȻѪϵķϷڡֱӱ貹â¯ɳڳīͷ֮īڵС
߱ϵһɳųīȥ֮ϣɱ⡣
ʲôīƺоڰ
Էľ̫īҪͨˮͨԷѰҵһ˲䣬ָоʧӰ١
󣬻¯ɻزУҲٴڳīؿڡ
Ψ߱죬Ȼɱƺնʲô
ī۾΢΢ţЩƽ૵Īķ֮ؾѻң
ֿĺܴ󣬳īһ뵽ļж
ϹټҡҡҡЩ壬ǸԼйڵġиҵĹӦġԼոո鵤ƵĵԪ˵һӴҶĲáǵĲûһ
˲²Ԫ鵤÷ǳϤңӦò벻
˵ҵռݣž˵ı졣ôĺˣѧЩ£ӦҲ֮СīɫϾ૵Īǡң


1041 
Ҳֻңж顣ҪǸ֪ԼڻҲͻɱĻء
ţīһŬԼƽ
֪ķ֮أĻûκʤ㡣
硭нطΪһ硣Ȼ֮ϵǸΣӡ֮µķȴ൱
ⲻͬڳīɽ磬ԷڵЩʿԴݵߡɽ磬ɻǵǸʿûӳȥ
ȻʱӳȥҲӲԷյ׷ɱ
ʿľ磬㣬ԪӤһˮ롣˷ڣһˮ롣
ڵʿ޽ɾʿȻֻһ硣໥Ĳ࣬ȴʮ֮ϣ
Ҳ˵һ޽ɾʿѹʮϵķʿ
ɡǸΣ͸ˡͶ䣬ӵŻصһʿܹܵġ
ڵһʿ˵ÿݣѾЩȫѹ
īе澳֮壬źܶǾԡʥһȻûκȡʤĻᣡ
Ǹʣһ൱Ҫܡոңôʮа˾ҵķںͷ֮ءֵˡҲпʡ
ī¶һ˿ǿҵķŭ֮ɫ
һ죬ҳɵ̤һ졭һ̤ƽ壡
īзģֱ˵ڡΪһ˵ڣпܱҴܸӦ

УҪǰȻ󡭡̵ʱ䣬޽ɾ磡īֱ˾ܱǣűߣȵ죬Ȼ޾Σ
󣬳ī˰
ǼФˡΪʿİ֮£ѾµǵվЩˣǵĻûôáԵɽ֮ٶȲ졣
յµƷչȥĻ˷磬Ҳ顣
ɽЩ˵УпܿٷɽʫͷƋOЩˣƽƼͻСѾǿܻҪ΢һ㡣Ҳ̫ࡣ
ԣīڻˣֵ´Դ
ȻЩΪʲôīͻȻı⣬Ҫô磬жЩᡣҲûйѯʣ֪īô϶ԭġ
īּһʿ򸾣һĻӦҲԺܿ硣
Ƕ¶ԳīôҪֳǿҵĲᡣƮ칬ǳųīġīҲӦǣǷ֮ԴڸǸ߼Ĺ
󣬳īȥ˾ͼͼͷˡ
Ѿ˷Ҽ֮λҲȫϿλļΣ÷ұܿһΣһ÷ҴƮ칬ߣԺиչ
Է棬Գīǳء֮Ҳʾ˲֮顣
˾ͼͼеųī˵ôͻȻı⣿֮ǰ㲻˵ҪһЩ𣿡
ī΢Цŵе
˾ͼͼʱųīôʲôҪ㣿
īͷ
˾ͼͼü˵ǰܱ֤ûô
īҡͷܣٿԴһµ˵Ĳ𡣡
ô죿˾ͼͼ˵˵Ҫһġ
㲻ܸһ𡣡īĿ˾ͼͼûңҲС
Ϊʲô˾ͼͼЩ⣬Ҳеƣҳȣ
ǣڶ̫ˡߣΣءͷȥʦ˵˵˵ģúȻԼ硣Ȼȥ罨Ʈ칬ī˵
˾ͼͼЩӵĿųīֹŮɲǵıķ
ǣǰˡī˵
˾ͼͼԥΣյͷǺðɣīʵҲôϲߡ
ī̲סЦ
˾ͼͼɫ΢죬ҲΣգǡһ£˵ˣ˵Ǹˡ
īȡһָݸ˾ͼͼ棬һƷ쾧ʯȥԺԴṩ㡣
˾ͼͼ˸ĿųīϣǸءҪ𣿡
ī޵һ˾ͼͼЩݵģ˵ˡ
㡭ҹ˾ͼͼҧгݵ˵
㣡īƽĿ˾ͼͼϣܵʲôʱ㶼ǵǸӢˬ֡
ī˵ţЦЦתȥ
˾ͼͼĿųīıӰãһţɫ΢죬ֹߣ˼һֱǣ


1042 
ɽеһļ֮أȥҰããԲǧ֮ڶ̡īѡչس۷ԭġطƺϡɽط̫࣬һЩõطȲϡ
ˣ޾£ûʲôѡطͣɽʿ˵ĵط࿴һ۵ȤûС
ڳīУطȴһʮֺأ
ķѣĵط˽磬µţݽߣ˽߶ûˡֻʣͼߡܹ쾳ģѾ츳׿ž֮
Ҳ࣬ٿάߵУطҲŨ
ɽҪöˣǷǳŨ
϶õģĵط֮Ҳû³
īʼվãɽֵطӦݽߵӽ˽ĵطԣ֮£طڵ±ӡһĿȻޱȡ
īֱƬĵشоеǰ־ԪأֱӳƴķӡȻʼķеĵ
嫵ؾųīĵеɫ̨תľգΪеŸ߲γȥ
ֶΣ翴һᱻ𺳵ԸӡΪϣܹ
л콾Щᣬ̤ϵ֮·ʿɽ磬ȴûܹһ㡣
īľڿٵţٶȣԼЩе¡
һֱԼȣÿһߵķǳȽػؼʱ̣īóǿҵͻƾģͬܵ
䣡
еһ忪
˵壬һ󱦲أ̺ϡҲΪʲôεʿԶЩöĸԭ
ˣƬĳȫĽĶ
īľڸٵţǴӸ֮¿īһ޴УȻйӴųīߺХӿ
죡
īֻʱ䣬ֱӳ˷ڵ۷徳硣
Ȼֱվֹͣ˶ؾաĵԴƬأҲԴƬأȻΪ˿ȡҲƬطĿݽ֮ء
ųīֹͣմطʼ仯嫵ľӿ˷ܿ졭͸޾Զγһľ״̬
ԺҲִߡ
īʱѾϸ죬ֱ׽٣
׽٣
֮ǰīٲûζȷ٣īͬʱ׽
һأڵڵ١֮󣬳īȫûκֱͣ˵ڶ١ڵڵ٣
нƾۼٶ൱ֲһ˲䣬ɫ׳ī
īգѪӲͦ٣ֱӿ˷ڵ޽ɵ٣
¡¡
ⷽأױˡ
޾ĽƣƬոǣ֮һƬ޴ɫī
īͷڷ裬˫֣Ͻӡ壡

ϵĴ
ûʩչ׾ǽȫ뵽ԼϴԭѾޱǿ澳֮塣
ĥ³÷Կຮ
Ǿ콾·ϣҲȻҪϵĥԼϵĿޡ
ɫĽƷӿɫƬƾˡ
ߵĶҲѾ˾ʮңԶɽʿע
ЩʿȫԶԶĿţҿȻڶɽ٣ȫ𺳵ˡ
ʿ٣ǲû˿µ٣ȴǵһμ
ʲôɽ٣̫˰ɣ
ٵĹģҴû˵
һЩʿңԶķг𾪡
ʱĳīѽ٣ȫɹ
ͷУһž޴ɫɢǹɿֲϢ¸ǧ֮⣬ܸо
ҵ졭Ƿʿ٣ǵĻԶȥ磡
ɽʿҪƿеıݽ羹Ȼ˼ѣ٣գۼܰҺ
ʿֱӱŵˡ
Ҳмʶʿ˵ķʿ١
Ҫ忪ɽ֮ıݣɹ١Ȼѣ֡϶бԭ档
󣬺ܶ˶ʼ²ɽٷ֮˵ɽ֮󣬷ڵʿ̫ˡû˸ҿһ˭ڶɽ١żǧأȻǷڵĴʿҲûôõŽƺȺɽ֮˵ĳࡣ
䣡
ɫ˳īٶȡ쵽˼顣
һ˲䣬ī㱻С
壬΢΢һȻĵﵱС
ɢһɾֲϢȻǳĵ̨ȥģ
һĻ˿һŸﻹ٣Ҫɱˣ
ɫ򣬵˳ī֮ɫ̨ųɫ⣬ֱӽסȻ󡭡ʼеİ
䣡
īһˡ
֮ϣɽ֮ǵݣڳīУҲɼ
īһͽһ˺ֱӽ˺һѷ죬˲ʧɽ硣


1043 
磬ڷбչͻȻоһѪ·ʲôҪ־磬Ѿӽļ¡ԵҲﵽһ൱ĸ߶ȣҪʿӦø
漴˫ۣ΢΢üͷ¶һ˿ɻ;֮ɫ૵ô£
ʱϵŰͻȻϢʿһۣжʱ¶֮ɫʧôܣ
𳤴пǴ֮ءȻ˷
õϢȫŰϼѪʿϢ
˵Ҫٰô
ʱǷϣղƮѩǶ찡죡
ǸСôʱͷˣڴ㣬ûܳ׳͸١ҲڷôĴɣ
ܶͷһ˲ʵԺУɫ÷ǳһ˲䣬αʧԭء
ôȥֳһ
ΪŰϴϢǸˣӦþǳī
ڷһ˲䣬ݱ죬һ̡ȫԼıĿ
Ȼǿʿ˵ڷϽһ˲Ҳʲôܵ顣ֻǸˡûô
Ľ֮غֻǵһ۽֮ЩˣȻһ˲ʧ
ī
һǳī
Ȼ֪Ϊʲôݳ⣬ŭ
СǲΪͿӵˣ
ĳ֮ء
һȺʿһ˽
һЩ˻ʱǱ߼ɫѿӵܡ
ȻҵһЩӵΪʲôⲢֲ²￴֡Ȼī֮һʱѸʧ⣬ǱЩһֱǸطС˸
һò൱ӢˣݣһͷڷüĿ֮ȫûдʿִɽ絽İãȻ
˿˵ƽˮ
·ʿ˵ĵóûκ˷ܺͺ档
ȻЩȥ׽ֻǵһ۾ֱȥˡ
˭һСɵĵһȵߵˣôȥôţ
СɵĵӣȻرߣôҲзڵΪ˵ոշɽʿ綼ͬһΡȻʵв磬Ҳû̫ɽʿ¹
ЩҲ˴ɽʿȻϾͿԽ뵽޽ɵľ磬ЩˣȴȫǿͿġ
վɽģܱǿӲĵ
ЩźʿܲŻбȽǿ֣һҲЩˡ
ΪЩ˵Уɲֻзڵʿд޽ɾġżɾĴʿ
ǼҵӵܵУһɢϢɡ
ɾλɣҲȫûüκηӦǸƮȻȥ
ţٺ٣Ҫ֪˵ݣ϶Ͳô˵ˡǸСɵһʿ޵ɨһǱ߼ҵĵӣеֻ˵
ǰʶСɵĵһı顣
ҲȫĿʿ
ʿһɣȻʲô֣ܴˣֻд޽ɵľ硣ɣȴһܴɡִҲ顣˶ȽʿҲΪĺ̨ӲΪʿԨ
ʿҲӣֱ˵ҲµûղǸˣӦþǳī
īСɵ΢΢üһɻ󣺡ī˭
мˣСɵӲ࣬һãȻ
īʲôˣ

ôû˵
Щ˵Уվּʶġʿ֣ʱӣһ۵ı飬ʿոǸǳī
ʿͷʮа˾š
Ǳ߿һۣѹִ֡壬Ǻٻ˵طġ֮ǰһƣôͻȻһɾĴʿˣΪ˶½سī
ߵ۲ûпԱܻ䣬Ǳҵļʿ߿һۣ鶼Щơ
ЩҲ˭ңʿͲ¡ǼʿĿ⣬˵Ҹī֮ĶԹҲһˡ˵Ц˼ңȴ˼ƮȻȥ
ʱǱһҵʿͷ˵ע㣡
ʿЦЦ˵ô˵
ҵʿ˵ʲôȴǸɾʿס΢΢ҡҡͷ漴Զʳˣ
һѹѹšһ磬ͬмһ˲ͷ
ȻһӰ˲
ʿ˸ܵǹѹȫ¶֮ɫȫû뵽ǣľȻһĴУ
Ȼ˵Ҹī֮ŲСĶԹЩ˶û뵽ҾΪһīĴСѵոǸɾĴʿ
ô£ȷ𣿡ɫĿǱǸɾʿ
ɼʣʱһʳϵĻûĻǸˣǳī


1044 
һ˫Ŀ⣬㿡ʵϣҲ֮ɫ俴ɣȻȷΪʲô
ɾʿһίĿʵ֮ǰǧǴݾߣ
ҵʱ˵죬ûУ죡Ǽ֮󣬲ҪݾߡֻҪҲµķոΪʲôţ
ɾʿĿ⣬Ӷʱ΢΢һС̫ˡûü
ʷŭһ䣬Ȼ΢΢˫Ŀ˫ֲϽӡʼ
ҲҵӵܣҲѧȻûжôͨһ˻ҪǿܶġοǵĴСĸӦ޷󼰵ġ
ǱߵʿˣȫסһĻҴ¾ŵλҵĵС
ʿҵɶ壬ҲҸа塣Ȼ˼ɶΪ˴󶯸ɸꡣ
ǶһȺѪͨ˻ͨʿȻҲᱻ֮ءεĴУƽѼһ档ûۼһĴз
жޱȵļ
˫ۣһҲǼսսʿֱһʧС
ҵʿʱһһƨڵϣĲͷϵ亹
ǼҵӵܣҲȫɫ԰׵վж־塣£Ǹˣ룬ʿ϶൱ͷܽīסɱ˵ʧܵĻȺȫ̲ס˸սѾˡ
ī֮һ۾ͿǼҷεʿɾʿԥֱӴ߶Ӱ粽һ̣ʧߵС
ǼҵӣΪȫû뵽īʱȷĳ࣬͵һ¡ǻعǳīʱ򣬳īѾʧˡȻԥһ¡
ôһԥĹ򣬳īѾûӰ粻֪ܳԶˡ
īжЩңҿԼоԣϣֱӷȺ˾ȻԼķ֮ضҵ
ǰԭƻʮа˾Ҫ뵽ǵ嵱С
Գīһ;ȫȫһ˫ϣ˵ٶȿ쵽˼顣
سɴ֮£֮ңֻǼʱѾȥ
īһʵѾ޽ӽ޽ɣֻһ㣬Ϳ̤뵽Ǹ硣˵Ҳһαչص顣
Էʱ
īãʮа˾ǲģ
̵ֱʱԼ̤뵽޽ɾ磬Ϊֻǿʸ񡭡Ĵжһ
ʸһսʸһ
Ϊֻ̤޽ɾ磬ܽӳʵ
ֻǵսȴĵĵԶأ
ϾֻǴ޽ɣգԵĸ򣬶ԶԶûдﵽָ߶ȡһɣһսһĴУҲֻǳ䲻ĸ͵Ϯˡ
ڣī͵ϮʸûУ
֪ҵ׻ɳԸ̫ҺпܣǸĵС
뾡ӵһȫĵط
īһ·ʩչˮͨɽأԼĺۼѸĨֻǾ¶ѡī֪һʿĿ£ò˶ãԷǻҵ
ޱȵŨ׼ȷ˵ѾԱ֮Ϊˡ
ҪɽŨʮ
˵ʿɽܶ౶ֵ£ֻҪر޴ˣ϶ɽ䱳ġ
һʱĹ򣬳īѾӳмǧ֮ң
ٶȣн磬ͬСѾǿ޵ˡ
ī⻹öࡣ
ͷֿ־壬ûΪʱٷֺ
̫ˣīһֱǰУǧ֮ңȻûȥƬɭ֡
ɭб鲼Ÿֲһ޴ɽ룬ڵϣب
żҲһЩǿݷ
óīе˵ǣûǿ޶С㡱𹥻
īɳǧٶʱǰͻȻһǡ
ǵĳǽߵ˼飬Ѿֱеƶڳǽм䲿λƮ
ԶԶģīܸӦǳǽɢĴϢ
ǽֺֹϣȴüΪãȻǿķ֧š
īԥһ£ھǻдԼʮĵط¡ΪЩʿҲȫˡûֱӷɽǵġ
īƹȥȥҲǰ취׷һġƴܣȶ㵽
һǣкܻܿĸִڡ
ϣǣûκιϵī¶һ˿ЦЩҲΡ


1045 ̳
ЩĶԹʵȫҲûöԷݵĳ̶ȡ˵ʵ˵һ޽ɾ綼ʿѾһɣĴ˵ҲҵƽҲֻǼС֮ĶԹ
ĸ߶ȥ˵ֵһᣬҲǾ֮ޡ
ĸ岻ˣĸɵĺĵӴӲ䣿
Ҫÿһӵܾ;Էƴнͳˡ
īЩ׷ŵĸԭ򡭡ϵЩܣǿ׵ǲǿ󹦷Ϳͨ
ЩЩζŹĸԴ
˵ˣн磬ʲôޣǽڣΨ⡭Щ塢ں顣
һΣԼ鵤ƵĵԪҵĵޡűһôԭ鵤õģҵģʣɣЩɢһЩʦģ
ŵԪĳ֣鵤ֱӷűϣ
ҵĵҩ⣬ֱӱٰϡЩɢͶʦܵӰ죬Խ١ֻһҪϳ鵤õĴ壬ŻޱȵķŭΪܵս
ȥĳīж󣬲˽⣬ֻһģĸڻӵǵĳīѾǳ̺ŵһôֲ֡Ǹִ֣壬ɳһĴС׷ɱˣ
īʩչٱֱӱ任ò仯һʮҵ󺺣һ˫ƽ޲ЩУķΧ
ϼ飬еľȫͬ磬ͨ׽뵽統С
ңҲֻŻܵнʲôӵġ
߾Щˣīûһͨˡ
˵һ˵СпһԪӤڵʿ
ԪӤڵʿѾǸģɽ磬ҲһСеλ磬īԪӤʿϣ㡰߼ʿĽĿУС΢ǫֺõĹâ
īЩп簡
ţͻȻһĸоʼȣ档
īֱûκԥ־ϢڣվǰҲܴϸܵʲô쳣֮
ʱ򣬽ϵ˺ȻЩ궯һǿϢһ˳ӹ
ɫص̧ͷ֮Ͽȥдˣ
Ҳ¶֮ɫôоԷˣ
ΪһʶǹǿϢɨЩˡʿĸӦǷǳģڰй۲ǡ
󲿷˶ǸŭԣܹͷųϢˣһɾĴʿɲ˭ȥǡ
Ҳ˷ߣ˰ɣ
īվǣǵʶӹ壬ǵʶڳīҲû˿ֱͣӹˡ
ʱ򣬳ͻȻ䱬һɿµϢͻȻһʯ˲䷺ҵֱӽǵʶԼǹϢ֧顣
һϸ죺˭ҵĵҰ
ţдһӦʣð׷һңи㡣
ôˣܹ̳ܵǵͷǵǳǿƣӲĸ˻ȥ
Уʵ΢΢һͣЩջʩչҵ㣬Ȼƾǿ֪һ·׷ٵа˳ϵİգīǽ̳ǡ
ԭʵĿУûаһǷһǣôеӸа壿
ʵȴһ⡣Էҽа壬˵ҵ֮󣬸Ӳˣ
΢΢ԥһ£ٴηһô˵еû˼˰ɣѾ˵ˣûð˼ֻһ˶ѡ
Ҳ˭̳ң̳ǣ㣡һӲĻӦ
˵־磬Ѿӽ۷壬ԵҲ൱һ˵ٻὫԵı¶˿̣Ȼ̲סŭĸооԷĵ⣬мȷŭ֡
̳ǣȥҲ˵ȻҵΧźԶҲû˵ʲô򡣸û˵̳ǸʲôԹһܣô͸Լȥأ
˼ҪҹȥˣʵУѾԵĲ졣
С̫Դˣҹߣѵûж̲ɣ
ǵŪһֻӨĴ֣Ȼ̳𣬳еĳݺĻȥ
飡
һ춯صľ졣
䡣
һӰֱӱ޾Զȥ
룡һŮӵȻ쳹֮䡣
һΣ


1046 ̵
̳һ˲䣬ʱͬסͣһ¡ɲǼֹסǶšţٴ𣬵ȴ˷ľһ𡭡
̵
̵Ȼˣ
ţûɣ̵
ôˡ̲סᡣ
īͷˮΪʲô̵ȴ֪ոλ̵ֱ֣Ӿʣ
˫֮⣬ǲö֪ġ
ͬīڣ˶ֻֻӨĴִӳŸ֮ϵĳطһĹȥкܶǸ˶û
ٶʵ̫ˣ
īҲֻһӰ
ǱʱһƳɣȻûˣȻ̲סһѪһ˫İޱԹĹâɭȻ̳Ƿ򣬳̵´ĳ֮գ̳Ƴ֮ʱ
¡¡Գ档
һԣеԣһƱ䡣
ȻˣͱˡŮӱֻӨ֣ٴγڸ֮ϣָ罣ֱӴѾңԶʡ
һΣī÷һֻŮ˵֣̫޴ˣÿָ֮ͬССӦú˿̿ȥֻ˾ޱ𺳡
ǵʵ𣿳īš
Ǳߵ˵仰֮˲ߡӦǶ˶ӵķٶȿ쵽˼顣һâֱʧС
Ȼָһ£۵һһھѪǾѪȻͬһӣһ㡣
¡¡
ǾѪɵĳӣ̳ǰ֮⣬ֱ˴ƬɽһƬѪ
ʷһ춯صŭȻγʧ
̳ǣһΣһƬš
ãͻȻ˴һ̵޵У
ˣȫһ𣺡̵޵У
񷡣
īУҲ𺳡ͬʱλ̵м֮顣
ȻλŮܸ֪˭īȻмʸߡҲīʱ䣬޽ɾ硣
ʱˣڸ˳īһʱ䡣
ʣһڳīǰǾǣҪҪû뿪
ʱīľʶУͻȻһŮϵС
ī΢΢һٴ¶ǿ𺳡ʱ򣬲ͻȻָоŮǲ֪˭֪Լ֮󣬲Ŷʳֵģ
ڳīԥʱٴ𣺡ģҲẦ㡣
īع¶Ц֮ɫֻǱ𺳵ˣηʲôȻѾ֣Ǿȥһ˺ˡҲ֪λ̵ǺҲΪʲôҪԼ
ոջΪԷҲ磬ײô¡ǾҪŪԷôԭˡ
īɫĳųϷȥسɴ磬գۼ䣬͵˳ϡСʲôطʱͻȻһƽߣ
ȳīʣ߱˵ߡ˵žǰ·
īתתܿһƬľﾹȻһˡ
һСԺǰͣ£ͷųīȥɣСڵ㡣
ī̧ͷСԺ棬һϵңдšСĸ֡īߵͷȻƿԺţ˽ȥ
ֻ֮ȻʵĸоԺֲŸֲͬĻľǳһŰɫȹŮӣСڸһ軨ˮ
ī˵ͷһ¡ȻͿʼԹ˵ĸЩˮ
Ķʮᣬ·¾ŵЩһһһ̺һС
īվǾĿţûŮӵϣܵκǿϢԽԽŮӺƽòƽʵϣŮӺƽľֹ˻һڼҽĸо
óīЩû뵽ǣŮһȣʱʱһֱŮŮֻһ¡
ڣһ꣬ͷϾȻһϸϸĺ顣۵ϣҲЩ졣Ǳۻˡ
ʱǺȻ˳īתͷһ˫ڰ׷ʮִڳīϣͷ
ī¶һ˿ЦȻȭʩ񣺡̵
ӦýһʦġȹŮ˵ȻųīҵʦƮŮۣ
īʱĿɿڴĿŮӣ˶Ҫʧȥ˼ˡֱ¼ܣ
˵ʫܹΪƮŮ۵ͽܣпԭƮŮۣؼ֮䣬йһԨԴǰλһʻҪǿĵôƮŮλĵӣ
˵ҪҪôɣī㴳һǣȻƮŮ۵ͽܣһѣ
ô㲻ţŮӵһ۳īʵ


1047 ʦ
īЦš
ҲͦġŮӵ˵ʦ֮˵ĵһվǣԣҲרŻ㡣˵ţŮ΢΢һЦٻʢʦһСʦãؼҵС
⡭ī³˵ˡΪԷ¶֪Ȼǵ;˵֮ࡣ
īǸŮӣеǿңĵѵ˵Ѿǿֵز
·𿴴˳ī˼Ů˵ļҲǵ㡣
ʲô˼ī΢΢üͷĿŮӡ
Ů˵ߣ˵Լ޵ǵʵϣһֱ޵Ļ룬ÿһͻƣһĹ𣿡
ȳī˵Ůӽ˵ø󣬿ʩչֶҲͱԽࡣԽǸ߾磬ʩչͨҲԽǿףʵȵĻǿ
īϸ˼ŮӵĻͻȻ֣ЩԶԡ
Ϊ
һ磬һ磬ȷһ̡
ڵԽǿֶҲԽࡣͷҲԽǿڶԴ򣬶طƿأʵԶƿô졣
Ůӵȳī˼һᣬ˵ʵɾ磬ĿʼӴʱΪɾ磬ԪһԻǧǸʱĵȻԼĵС˵磬ͬǽӽļ£С
أīʵ
ļ£һ˵ı壬ܹӳǿӦþ𾳽ˡֻеһ£ŻῪһ¡ҲǵŮӿųīֵġؼĴſĳԽѡԣǸ磬Ǻ棬Ҳǿġڣ𣿡
īͷЩ˼ҡҡͷƶǶҲ̫Զˡ
ѾˡŮӵһЦʦ˵⻰ʱȫء
īЦЦЩ֪ôӡ
Ůӿһ۳īҵô
īͷȻЩţûҪַʽƭҡ
ǽһʦŮӺȻ¶һ˿ƤЦݡ
֪Ůӵ޷ģֻˣһʲôˡǰ֮ࡣֻᵱһڼҽ㡣Զһʦ㣬īҲûκεִŮӽеʦ㣡
ţãŮӵͷЦʦֻôһͽܣû뵽ǣôȥȻһͽܣһѧ
ǵģīƮŮ۵ͽܣֻѧȻѧѧĶȴǰλŮٶ١ƮŮһУ˳ī
ԣ̵³īʦܣҲĲë
ӣס¡ʦ괫㴫еʱ㻹̫СҾ˵һѧʮֲӡҿԴʦͨһЩ̿ųī˵ãϽѾҲͻ
īͷмĿ̣Ǹʦ㣬᲻ŵ㣿
΢΢һЦᣬ꣬һֱܹ¶иʦܣͦء
īĸʩһ񣺡ǣͶлʦˣ
ǳī֮ǰζû뵽ģ֮ǰĺޣһ鵤ǱߣȻѹϵīȴ̫顣벻֮󣬷¶ָоů
īֱСסҲʹλʦ㣬ֵǲʣֱԾ
īЩģЦŸûϵģȻǿƣӴ󣬵¡
ʵҲīסѾа£ɹ̤޽ɾ硣ҵıȴûڶ
ī̤޽ɾ֮˵϶Ե÷ǳ̵İ£ƮŮ۴ĴУҲȫµ
ѵĲˣһ죬ī̡
ҡҡͷǹĻӦǲġ
īһ𺳵Ŀ̣̲סʵʦ㣬ʲô磿
˵
Ҳֺö𣿡ị̄ĸΣ
һЦ˵ء
˻
īһĿ̣ã˵øߣ
𼱣ܿͻ̤ġ˵
īЦҡҡͷҪ˵̤ܺܿɾ磬ŵġҪ˵̤ܺܿ뵽磬ЩҴţ
ʣȻûΪԼȴ̫ˣ
˽ɳһһߵ죬Ѿ̫˵ǰ档ЩĶ콾īĲ˵ԼǿǸ
ΪͬˣѾ̤˵硣
˵һ̤磬ȴһһΪ𣡡
·īЩεЦЦ
̵˵δ·ֻҪߺÿһһΪ𣡡
īɽʱǸԽ޾ǺӶĵǸ˵䣬ӦñԼ󣬵Ҳްɣ
̿ųī˵ʰ¶ҴȥһطĳɳͬʱҲԽʶˣ֮ǰһЩ˵ĶԹ˳һ˰ɡ
ʲôīһ̣ʲôط
·˵


1048 ·
·һ·һͲ··ȴ콾ǰ
ܹ·ˣӹ޼ûһߡ
̤·ʱЩֻɾ磬·֮ȴֱӳ嵽۷塣һЩˣ̤·ʱǴ޽ɣ·֮ȴΪ˵
·ǧ꿪һΣֻҪǴ޽֮ϣ֮µʿԽ롣꣬Ӿͷ뿪һΪһ󾳽磡Ҳпܻ;䡣·лԵҲ޾ΣͲꡣ·ģҲ˵ġ
ĸīͣȻųīҪȥ𣿡
īû˿ԥȻ
̿ųī¶οЦݣͷʦû˵㡣
Ʈʦī̡
̵ͷԣ˵㿴ºͣȴһɺݾҲɺݾŻ֧ߡ˵ţʹʦ˵Ҿȱɺݾ˵̫ϲЦʵЩ꣬ѾŬڸıˡ
īЩ΢΢סǰŮӣһĶʿվн۷
ء⾳磬һĴ壬¶ûָ֡ڴ˿̣ȴ¶СŮһ棬ЩۣҲЩ
˵ţһ۳ī㲻Цʦɣ
īҡͷôᣬʵҵǾãÿ˶Լͬ·ʦ˵ġҲδȫǶԵġ
̲סЦҵɲҷʦǰӴҵʱ򣬺ܺĸ˵˲ٹ顣˵˵ҵȱ㣬һ˵ʦ˵δǶԵģҪԼ·
īͷߣӡǸЦһԲϾʰŮʦȻ˵ֻ⡣
̽˵ʵʦҲ˵ˣ˺ܶ꣬ҵ飬žãδʺ·ȻѾɹĳΪ𣬿·δػɹ
īͷҲô룬ȻȫϤ·
Цʦ˵ϻ۹ˣ츳һ㣬Ҳ̤һǰ޹˵·ο츳ʦ˵н磬ž׵ĺá
īһ̾ı顣
˵ģ
ôãī˵ϵ֮꣬಻ʤȻϲԷƱȴҲܿԴ󡣡
ǫǺ¡̿ųī磬ʲôҪôûУǾͶȥ·ɡ
ī룬磬˸֮ĶԹ֮⣬Ҳʣ¼¡
һ£꾿ںηݣ䣬λȴ޷
ڶ£ǹơīѾ̤޽ɾ磬һ档飬ҲӦи˵ϡ
£ʦʦʦʦڶǳȫСŰϸīԣ˵Ѿ̤ѰǼҩĵ·ͬʱǵҲڿţгīҪǡ
ԣ£Գī˵ǿʱµġΪʦСҲӦһΣպѣҪһʱ֪ͨ
ʣµһЩ飬󹫼֮ȥˣҺȾƣǸ˿ܵˡЩ㲻ͷȴˡ
󹫼˵ˣ磬ԼҪȥǱߣīʱϵϣ˿ܵˡûͷҲȥ롣
һ£һֱѹڳīͷǾѪħ棡
ܽвôѪħӰһֱĳɳʱأпܻдա
ֻѪħľ磬ѾܹˣԳīûиἰ¡
ʵīѾµ֮飬ҲѾܶ˵֪ɽ㲻һܡǾ幫Ѫħ㲻֪Լһ֪ġ
ԣµ껵¶ǳīѡ
֮һֱڶûʲôбԭ棬īᱧ̫ҵ˼ѾѪħ汨׼ˡֻҪѪħīͲ̫
Իúܶ˴һ
ī˵һ£˵ꡣ̱ûĻЩˣӦȫ·ϡ·ǧ꿪һΣǶԼеĵʿӦöܶ۷徳ʿѾ̤磬Ϊ˵ȴ·Ҳ᲻ѹƾΪλᣡ
īЩԾʵΪ˵᣿
̵ͷΪᣬֱӳ嵽أؾ硭Щ˵ܻ嵽Ͼ磡嵽߾ʿ˺ܶ࣬Ȼˣ·ϵľȻŨȥ˵·ǳ֮·ط仯֮󣬱ѹˡ
Ȼ˵ĲϸīǸеǳ𺳡֮·ǽһʢ
ʱ򣬳īʵʦ㵱Ҳ߹·𣿡
ټĸ˳īһۣ㣡Ȼȵˡ
īͣ뵽˵ʲôô


1049 ս
īŰ壬Ű棬Ȼ·Ϣ
Ϣǧ꿪һε·Ҫ¿ˣ޽ϵʿǣ׼𣿡
֪һ·ֶֻپž޵Ĵֻж˴۷һͻƵ߽ף
ŵʢ磬Щͨʿ޹ء˰̾
Ǻǣ·ĳ֮·˵ôף˭·һȰЩһˣ̤㡣ÿһ·аɡҲ˳˥
ˣǸ˽߳Сأûз磿ϣܸһʢᡣǺųƾ콾𣿲˵ʺ츳һοĻᡣӣ˰һ𣡡ᵽ˳ī
Ϣ׷˵ʲôĶС
īҲǵһЦȻꡢҺСֱһϢҪ·
СĻظģѾˣ·Ǹ˵ˣҸʦҲȥһˣҪҪ棿
īһ䣺ʶǵ˺٣ȱˣǰӦ¾ͺá
īĵʱѪħǼ˶ħ򸾣Щˣû̫ǿԱ
СǱȻҲ뵽㣬ûоܾȴ߳īħһڳīԶΣգ㹲ͬԡ
īҲûȰ˵Ϊ˽Լʦʦ
ҲܿظǾȣСӡȻôˣ̫ˣʱֵ֣·ɱ췭ظ
īЩ˵޽ɣɱ췭ظԼݴû˯Ѱɣ
ǱһûлظϢͬʯ󺣣īҲϰˡ
󣬳īŰ壬ȻʼĬĬ
ķȻǵûŵľͻƵļ󡣵īٶȣȴ൱˵ġ
ÿʱ̶ĬĬעؾı仯̲ס̾һ
ķͬʱīĬĬյĸŵҾԡκιҪֲѧϰĹУһø
պ
̴ųī뿪̳ǡ
ǵĿ꣬һƬͨ
·ͨ
ʵ̫ˣޱ߼ʣｮҲ൱بųĴ½ϵĲ׺һڡ
ֱӼһҵսսķٶȣóī̾ûм˿սâһ㣬ֱƿնС
ǵ𣿡īսڲװΣ۾ڼɰĲȥ
ɫ΢죬һӣǼƯĲ޶ʱʧӰ١Ȼƽ˵ʦҵġļ١âٶһ
âٶȣīһ𺳡
˵ЩʿȫĳһʱϣżҲܴﵽâٶȡҲֻһ˲ˡǸ㼶ģȻĻ޷Ǹٶάȥ
սȻܹﵽâٶȣ̫˳Ծˡ
˵Ҫﵽٶȣ̫ˣ𾳽ĴܣǵҲ֧Ų˶áҪǸٶȡ
Ҳˣī˵
ȻûдﵽâٶȣսٶȣҲǶµġһ·ϣīҪôҪôվսϴӹķ羰
Ĵ½棬ս޾ǿдСʱһЩǳǳܸܵһսʼպȣûбκǳȥ
ĺܴ󰡣ī̾
ԭ󡣡˵ķ֮ʣкܶ½˳
īĬһ£Ȼ˵ܸҽĹ𣿡
̸Ҫ˵Ȼüһĵ
䣡
īоսһľ磬Ȼˤһ£¶֮ɫ֪ʲô
̵ɫԦս˲˼ɸߡ
īһĿĹâֱӴڸոսɹĵطȻɳǧû뵽ڵ
ڹǣīʵ
̵˵ͷ˲սͣ£Ȼͷ˵Ҳ
īоµս΢΢һš㿴һͬѤޱȵĹâֱ
䣡
һ貶ĿĹâȻڼǧ֮ը
ţ߰սͬʱųī߳γһ̬ͬʱһ˳Щս
СӶˡ˵һ䣬Ԧս˲ʧԭء
һ̣սȻֱӳ˶Էı
߰սǱŵҪ˲ͣסͷȴԶû̼Ԧս
š˵һ䣬һֱʧ
һ̣ս֮⣬嫵СվǣƮ裬ƮƮһŮ
̳ˡ
һƣ
һҾ޴սҷ
ڶƣ
ڶսķѣ촷ۣ¡
̵̧һ˲䣬һս棬𾪿ޱȵǰ֣л˵
䡣
ս


1050 ̵ǿ
Ҿ޴ս˲ҷ𣬱ƻ飬ʧյСīս濴ÿһγ֣һɻذĿֲڶԷս棬ֲ˲佫Էս˺飬Ȼ󲻶ϵ˺ڼ̵ʱڣ˺ɳսʿû˿ӵɲǼ
սҲǿʿīսܸоƮɢŴĵʿ֮شЩ򣬶Щʿĵ
ǾԵ𣿡īһ𾪵Ŀš
ǵʿɣ
ʣս˵ϵͷ𹥻׷׼٣ҪƬաΪǺ·һ
ʱԶһϺȣ̵ˣһȺС֣㲻Ӷ𣿡
һ磬ԽնһӰʵĹâ̧֡־һָ׼սֵ̡
ͷҲ̧һֻһȻֻս֣ͣ١
飡
ս¼ŵһ̻
¡¡
ͬʱһ졣
𵴵ƬնЩ
һ̵ָסǿҾ졣
̵ֻһΣȴû˺벽ȴ˼ͬʱһ־ŭĶϺȣѾڰؾˣ
ֻǺһս
ʱʣսʿﻹҴսУȫսз˳ɢ˷ȥ
飡
ս
̣̫ˣ̻˵ĵǳ⡣
̸ʣսһ顣
һʱ䣬ƬգȫƮɢս֮Ĳк⼸սҲ֪̹ĻЩ˥ߡûг׷飬ƯյС
Ӹһϵ𺳡
īǹģҪԷ
ڳī֪ЩսԺηΪʲôҪǡ
磬ʲô˶ӵսġÿһսļ۸񣬶һ˵ܼ֡ѣƷ׳ߵսÿһҵļ۸񣬶һеۡ
Ȼһ˰ң⻹ʲôҪǣÿһս϶мʮʿսϵʿȫû
һûܻӳȥ
ʧ
ʧɳȥĵܶͷƤһ飬ִˣ֪Ҫθ彻
̱Ŀʿ˵һ͡
㻹ҪͣЩĿ̣㹥ǵˣ
̵ĿҲ˵ȴ䡣
ðɺðɡҳϣҳǼеһսǵս֮󣬲Сķһ̵񿴵ЩëǿбҲǹİ
ڶأҲǲСģ俴˵ֻԼ𣿡
ʵϣҲĺܣ£ȷԼߵԭ򣬵ǵսٷɹսʱ˲֪ΪʲôֱӶ˼ҷ˹
˶ˣҲʲԭˣҲֻܲ²ЩԼ
뵽⣬̾˿һɬĵ̵ҲǳѾõĴһЩСһʶôŪֵز˵ô죿
Ҫһ̵͡˵
##%Ҫˣ̣Ҳˣǵԭϣ·߳콾һ룬ҪʲôͰ
Ǿˣ̿
վУɫڣҲѾŭ£ȴ̳֡
ԭǶվͬһˮƽϵģȴδѾͻƵ˵ؾ硣ҲѾǶˡ̾ȥ³ԿĻ
̣£ʱҹ˴Σ̵Ҳ˽·İɣСİɡ
̵۾΢΢ĿŶԷвң
ûǸ˼˵ֻ˫Ѿ£Ϊʲôԭ򣬵ҼˣĸԸʵǵˡѣոȥл
ʱ򣬸ոĴɢЩʿҲ£۵̵Ŀ⣬־ͳޡ
˵ҾͰǶɱˡ
һ£ովۼȺʿȫ¶Ȼ֮ɫʶľӡ
һĴǰӶԶ
һ̣̣ѵ벻𣿡
Σ̵˵
īսУһȫ̲ס뵽Լʦ㣬ǰ˫̫ǿˣѹöԷֱϢضûС
ԶУٴηһսսٶȣͬ쵽˼ĵزգ֮䣬͵
ս˲ͣս߳ˣÿһϣȫŵâ
һ˿̣˵ɱҼӵܣ̣Ҫ


1051 ùļ
˵ţû̳֣һͣеս
ͬʱ⼸ˣֱӳȫǿϢ
սеĳīʱһһϢ˲佫ս֡Уһ޴ޱȵİƣһǳֱӺݺսҹ
Ǿ֮ն׷̮ݺύ
һ
̧־һƣжʱֻ޳Ĵֱ֣ӽԷ顣
Ȼһֻ֣ͬʱǼˡ
սеĳīúʾȻЩ̵ȺУüëʱҲ˲ñ䡣ҧҡ
ʲôᣬʲôСģҵˣϳ̵սҪ䲻ķ𹥻ٵ̵ս֮ǰ̲Թʳһڶ
ֻû뵽̲ǵĹǿƵֵزûκԥֻٵǵս˵ɱսʿ
ʣЩʿӵÿ죬Ҳᱻֱ˴ĸɱ
飡
У죬Ǽ̵ʿ׷״ڿѪ˶ȥ
ǵУ¶Ȼ֮ɫЩ˼Ŀ̡벻ʳ˼̻ŮӣȻǿֵز
ǼΧȻ³
ȺҵʿһҲȫŵɫ԰ף׷Զȥ
ոǻ룬ºˣеĴﶼˣӦÿԸŮһ̹ĵĽѵʵȫһ¡
صһ⡣
ʣϴûɱ㣬벻ǻûûˣĿűȺˣȻĿ䵽صϡ
˫ͨĿ̣ҧŮϴͶ£޹ʻɱӵܡǽˡ
˵ҵڲ֪ԭҶôġ㣬һ¸صĴܡȻ˲ФǰǻϣҲҪǻѾȥҲҪǸˡ
̡棿ĿѵĿ̡
̵˵ʵʵ˵ѡ
ʱһ俴̣˵ӵȣɱ̫أ
̲мĵιεͷȻҪڶλᶼСιľٶ
ããã˵ţһսȻ󵭵˵£ɣ̵ⳡһҡҲֱ۸ͷϻ̵ļ塣
ۣµûκα飬ֻУǺڳšĵĿǼЩʿ
Щ˱ĵκ˱һؾĴܶϣ¶о졣
ǿǵչ˲սеĳī̻Щȫˡߵĵ
־һž޵콾ǧǰǴ·ϣ·ͷ߳ȥʱ۷壬ֱ̤֮ؾ硣
ǧȥҲһ
֮⣬˵һλһʸ񱻳Ϊ˵ɡ壬껹ʮ꣬ȴѾ۷徳硣ݴʵ̤磬Ϊ˵ȴһ·ѹʵ
ظո˵Уû콾ȻĻȺ˷ǵ񲻿ɡ
̺ǸҳһƻɱСʦһǿĵˡȺҵʿ򵥣ҪȫɱĻºѡ
һʧȥԳīչˣѾװҸǵˣЩ֪īǸһġ
ԣ˼Ƭ̵̣˵뱨ʱ㡣Ҷ̳һһľʱ췭ظ
˵ţһصսС
һսһ֮ʧһȺҵʿǰ
Ҵϵ£ӵЩ·ʿ˵Уȫ˷ŭͳޡ
̲סһΪĵ˿г߷ߡ
˵츳ǲһģ̤֮·ǰһ·񣬼ֱǾ콾ĵ䷶û룬̤֮ٶֱӱ
ȻʿȻһ콾ȴٲҽַԼϡ
Ǹ˰
ң־ǿߣöࡣ̽һżڣǱ
վһ󣬴ʼգû˵һ仰Ϊ̵ע⣬ڵԶ̶֡
ȵߺվż弸һȭ˵λǰģ˷·ض̤֮·ҳأŮڣ


1052 ̵ľ
֮ǣΪһǣƽճʿͷǳ࣬Ϊ·޴ֺֻ֮ǸΪ
īһڽϣдʿ󲿷ֶīһдżֺ棬ܵĽΪЩ˴īһǵһ֮ǡ
ī￴鵤õĵ̡̺ܴ߰˲ߣ޴дš鵤áԾĴ֡ӴϢӿ뵽еȺܸоӦ÷ǳá
Ҳǳīһ鵤õơ
ûиīһ֮ǰѾȻֿ̲ñ֪ī֮Ĺϵڸոշ˸ⳡ֮󣬸ǲ۵ī
ٱǰָ˳īһƳɵĿƬȥͦͨġ̵ıҲνӣ˵ȥ԰תתһЩȻǲģˣҲ
īҲû̫£ʲô԰û
ȥȥ֮󣬾ֱȥҡؼҡҡϹټЩˡ̸һ֮ƮȻȥû̵֪֮ǡ
󲻾ã⼸ĸ߲㣬׷װ˾īӡˡϳС֮ĶԹ֮˷κ˽⴫
ܶ˶˵Ĵ嶼һݡˡдȫ¡ʵϣǴڵġ
뵽ϵˣȫУһ䲻ݡ
Ȼܱ뵽ϵˣʵҲīе⣬ȥΪϵ̫ˡ
̵ȻҲûôӣЩЭʵϣϼĹͨʽ򵥶ֱִֻһ仰
̣ī֣Ǽļϳȥʦع飬ŭǳܲ𡣡
˵֮󣬱ֱƮȻȥ
һʼ⻰˼ȫĪ֪ʲôʲô߰ģ̣˭ʦ˭
ǳīȴȫ֪ġ
Ϊдĸ߲ȫʱ͵֮ǣһǰվʿͨɡġһͷˮ֮Щȫڵһʱ佫Ϣȫ㱨˸Եļ߲㡣
ΪϢ漰˳īǸ˽ꡣɵǲӡ
Щĸֱ߲ӱˣ
˵Щŵˣ
֣ںܶǰ硣
Ҳ߹·֮Ů
ʵȥҵЩˣҲû˵̵ڵһʱûаĪֵŮӣ̵ϵ
ζ벻̵Ȼٵǰ˵һĪĻ
̶˵ֱ֮ӾߡɶĶ
뵽ִʲôʱ˼ʧˡ
⼸߲ޱȿ־ġ̵ʦ
ǲһ֣ѹĴڣ
ƮŮۣ
ع飿

ƮŮ۲Ǻܹϵ𣿲Ǵ˵Ѿڵ֮սôܻع飿
ΪƮŮ۵ͽܣôܻ˵˵磬ͬԳ棬ǸʦҲһҪܵɵģ
ԣ£Ӧþģ
ƮŮҪع飬ĵӣ̵ȴǣīӼ˵ϻȥ˵̡ƮŮۣڱӻ˽ˣ
ţ
⼸ĸ߲УȫоһͷĿѣֱŵЩ겻塣
īûϹؼҵļ
īûϹҶҵļ
ؼҺͶҵĸ߲ϢʱȫίҪĸо
ǾĪıֲֿĴˡǿ־嵽붼ǻƮŮ۵ŭ
ؼҺͶҵίͬʱҪڵһʱȥ̽飬Ҫ̣¸û˿ϵǡûܹҵ̵١
Ҳ̣ҳī˰ɣ
ҵĸ߲иɴΪһ棬֮ǣȥҳī˵顣
ʾãһҪʾãؼһ˵
ˣҵŮСȥлīǡȻʫͶݵλҵһȨϱʾͬ⡣
óϰɣǱҵŮؼҳ˵
㲻֪Ҳ֪ǸԵļУһֱҪǲʵȨ̾Ϣ
Ҫô죿ؼҳʵ
ЩˣϵʫͶŰ壬ԣŰ壡ϵǣǣģʲôʱǶҵĹͷԴȥЩ꣬ǶԴʮʮ͸ǣҳ̾ϢƮŮ۵ŭĳе𣡡
벻ƮǰȻĻڡؼҳ̾ϢƮŮ۸ؼԨԴǵ飬ʵѾܵˡ
˵ؼֻǸоίͿ־壬ôҺϹټ˵̵ľ棬ֱһ
ǻɢ


1053 
īʲôʱƮŮ۳Ϲϵˣ
⡭ʲô¶īô̵ܸƮŮйϵ
ܣȻ̻ī
һϹټңϢȫ𾪲ѡǲ˼̵ٰϢϢȷϣ顭ġ
һϢǴ̳Ǳߴģ׼ȷ˵Ǵ̳ǿʼġ
ʣ׷ٳī̳ǣҪǣȴ̵һƸȷˡ
̵һʵݴ˵Ѿﵽ˵ڰؾ磡
ҵսӣںеĹУǡż̵սսλǿŮۡһ֪ͨ飬սķȴе߽׷һһ㣬Ǳ֣ᷢұըıըȻǵҲӶ֡ˣҽһҲ֪սȻ̵ս˹
ԶҰսĽӣֱӱŭ̵սʿȫɥûһܻӳ
ϢѾ̵֤ͳī֮Ĺ˲²⣬̵ҵĽӳֵʱ򣬳īп̵ܾս֮ϣ
Ȼ²⣬ûеõ֤ʵ
ڶϢȴǴǰ֮ǰվʿǱ߷ġ
ϹټҺȥ֮ǵж飬ԶɾĴʿǼɵʱûв˴룬ȵ̵ʱ̵ֱĪĻˡȵǻعʱͻȻ뵽һ⣺ǲ̵֪ôģҲûвȥģ
˵ҪɾĴʿǰȥ˵֮ϵ֮⣬¾ʿһ㡣
Ϣ֤еһ²⣺ȥ⼸ˣ̱
ȷµʵ֮ҺϹټȫܵ˾޴ѹ
ڵһʱٿ˽ϻ飬ڻϣҵĳżһš
ΪҸī֮ĶԹȽԴӢǣ浽ʫͶŮҶԳīİе飬Ҳ൱ϸ¡ˣī类ļ壬ңʵҡ
Ƚϵ͵ûиʲôѱһɽ֮⣬ҲûôԵȥԳīɽҴ֮ߣҲû̫ķӦмӵܣŰϽаīǸʲô
ʵڵȣȳīʲôʱ˵
īˣûǶأȴַ顣Ǵֲ
ҿ̵ʮа˾ž˵ѣǳսѾȥ̫ˣǳսȫ䣡λߣλˣӴʧ˺ۼôܻܻع飿ⲻǺŪ𣿡һҳ˵
ʮֿɿϢǳս֮˹棬Ȼʧƶϣܿ˽硣ȻĻôһϢûСǳīǴ˽ġûпܸƮŮʶԼĿҲûӦȻȥҲһӢ˼䣡һӢ飬Ȼܹǵģ
ģһϵĳϣҲǵ磬Ϊ񷣬һ˾Զµˣ֪ܶ
ʲô˼ǰ˵ĳϿ񷣬ķʵѵŹīɣϣؾ磬ȴҪܶ࣬Ǻ󱲡Ϊռ䣬ЩҵĵλܸߣϱϣҲʾ
Ǽ£ҴδʲôǺ֡˵ʵЩˡ񷵭ī꣬ȻǴ˽߳ġǱһ£Ǿһ·ϵĸءһ˽꣬ôӵˣǲ֣
ڳһҳϣҼڣȫ˳˼С
ȴ̲סԳǰ˼ֻҪճģȫܸλܳϹϵˣ
һҪأ񷲢û̬ȣֻǵķһ䡣
Щ漴̬ǿӲĵУΣλѾ䣡οǳս˵ҲѾȥʮɣīŶôܸλϹϵЦ
ڳһЩ˷׷׵ͷ໥ţЩͬĻ
ǳսȷѾȥʮˣīҲͶʮֱ꣬ĲᡣȷӦøǸʲôϵŶԡ
̾һǿʶЩ飬ǻ֪Ҳֲǡ
ĻɫһѿЩǿӲЦ˵˵Щռռ֪ʶ


1054 
Ŀһ˵ʮǰ˹ġ
ʲôôܣʮǰǳս֮ͽ׷ӡʮǰƣǳս֮类ӡͬʱǱҲ˹
ʱ򣬼Щۣһ񷳤ϰѻ˵𣿻У㲻֪飬ûз
ңǾԵȨľȼҪ߳һأʱҲֻıͣӣȻǺܲ
񷲢û̫⣬ֻ˵ʮǰ磬ȻģǸˣг
֪ˣһҵĳͻȻ˵֪ˣǡֻǵã콾֮һǵĵңʱʮ꣬ôǸ˵ĶأԪܳҲܳʮɣ
ЦǣҲû𣬾ܵõҩܻڶҲԪ
һΣϲûдΪҲܺ¡ǣô֪µģΪȫû˵Щ֣ûô˵
˵һڱӡʱȻܹ嵽𾳽磬飬ֱޱĵģϢӦôĺܹŶԡôĬĬأ
̾ҲʮǰսʱǸʱ̫ңԵλΰˣϷԼĶӷӡһֱǰǷӡŽ⿪
ļٵģڳһˣڣĿȫɻ
񷷢һ̾Ϣ̤磬ʵȫæҲõһѡīĸйϵĻΣҲҪƽ
˵ţһˣ뿪壬ʱѾǷ׷֮·
ڳһЩͺܴĳϣȫԵͷ֪񷵱ľġ
񷲢ҵճһѪҲЩ֧Ҫ߹١ӡʵڣȻı˺ܶ࣬ӸϣȻǴڵġ
˵ճһĹȻƣ޷Ϊ񷲢ǵճһȻΪϣҵʵλȴûôߡ
˵֣Ǹʱ֣Ѿ޽ӽ𾳽磬һ׼ɡʱɾң˿ûӣҵѡָң·ϣԿҵʦѡ
ڳ˳ĬЩĸоԼˣҪѰһԵĳɹˡֻ˵һ⣺ƽһЩճ֮ӵܣĲӡ
Щճӵܣ̫ˣ˵Ӣˡ
ʱ񷳤ϣ˵ʮǰɡ
Ҳἰ̫Լ飬鴼񣬶ԼҲûʲôԹԣԵͷ˵ʮǰΪһЩ˵ĵͬһսֻǳսλãܶ˸û˵һսңⳡսʮǰǳսȫͬ
˵ţһˣȻ˵£Ҳȴһ˵ġ྿ΣҲϸڡһ㣬ⳡսʵġ
⻰һڳܶȫ̲ססɲĿ񷣬Щġ
ʮǰʱҲ̫˵ɣ
һսͷǵߣͬʱûйȥܶꡣ̫ˡ
ϢǴȥ»˵ľ̾
˵īпֵĺˡңһ££Ӧö֪ˡ
˿񷣬Ѿ
˵ƮŮۣǳսս֮һλΰһ¡Ĵ˵˵ɣ
૵ȻˣСĹ³ģؼ֮ĶԹԹҲеܴսʱĴܡǧǰʱѪ¡˵ҲԼ档һɹѾʧˣôҵģ˽Ļȥģ
˵ֶΣܴ⣿
ЩӵĿһ񷣺Ϊʲô˵£
˵ĵʲôʱ򣿡˵˵ʮǰĻҲʲô˵ġҵѾˣҵĶˣҲ¼˵ǰꡭӢǼµʱǸʱô֪īһ˽꣬Ȼֵĺˣ
϶ʱΪ֪˵Ķʵ
ʱҲ˵Ļ𺳵Էʲôͷ˫â˸֪ʲô
ϳ̾һȻ˵ǡ񷳤ϵ˼£Ҫδ
ûԥֱ˵ңī֮ĳޣӢϡ˵⣬һ£һϣԣҽ顭


1055 ԰
һ¡ʱſ˫ۣ񷣬˵񷳤ĪҪҵĵճӵܽȥ˴òɣĪˣӢΪǼ£ѾȻҲɹͻƵ޽ɾ磬δ·ȴޱȼӢ˵Ѿһصĳͷˣ
񷳤̾һվ˵ˣվҵˣܵʲôʱ򣬲ǷϿɣҶҵһԱѾˣԪҲʣ޶࣬ӽ𣬴ȥ֮λרͻƣӼǧԪҲΪ御һԳī̬ȣǲּ֧ҼϵġԾڴˣλΪ֮پԳīҡҪġ
˵䣬̾һתȥ
һƬ˵ϣȫ¶˼ı顣
ãЦһ˵浱ԼǸأһûͻĵѡ
Ͽһۣ΢΢ü˵Ķԣô˵վҵһԱϣԺҲҪĸƢѾǵĴˣͲƽһ𣿡
ƽͣҴֱ۸ͷϣܱƽ͵˻˵
ϵ˵Ҳû۸ҵͷ
ϵǼ˼Ҳͬˣ
ʱ˿̣λϱĳϣѾʧȥһأʼֱˡˣƺûʲôԡеѪ֮ꡣ
˵ѳīҼ˵ϳȥɣҶˣЩȤģлᣬǿԼ
üһһֱŵ¶һ˿ЦݣҶҲͦȤġһҪ˵һ䣬ȥ飬վڹȥ˵˵ǲ˵ǡΣǸʱѾȥ
˵ҪһƮŮ۵ģЩ⡣ܻδزܻ
ôܣȫһŵı顣
˵ܻѾǺܿŵһˣûйû˵˳ɹ
û˵ûС΢΢ü£ʱɣѳīƳȻȲҪ٣㼶˳֡ȻĻνƳͳһЦ
˸˵ˣң·ġкüɣ

񷲢ûк߳ǼȨ۷ķ䣬ȥֻоǸЩ࣬ȴǸ䲻࣬ҳһаϢ
ϰ٣ɫɫʲô˶ڡ
һļ壬ȻҲˡԴ˵³ּ竲Фӵܡ壬ϵ£γһɸаķ糱
νЧ
ᣬĸ߲ǣȫ̬ôָܹ˻ġأ
ȻΪԼһĺˣ޶ݺˣǼ飬ʻġ
Գī£кܶû˵ԭ˵һ֣һ¼Щ̰ͷԵˣ롣
񷼸Ѿȷ˽߳ˣǵʦѵֳĺӣ֪īĸ˭£һ˵ܡǸ֡һĽɡ˭˭
ʥ˵µһּ
˭ἰ
ӢǼ·ʱɹīݣǲǹ֮ӡǸʱ򣬻ȱ֤֧š̵ľ棬ƮŮ۵ıӻ޻ɡ
īǳĺӣ
УұҪ·֮ǰǸӣҪһ䡣̾һȻʩչسɴͨ뿪Ҽʮ֮ȡһս߽ȥ
ս˲ʧա

ңϹټҵķӦҪͳһöࡣ
īִӼ˵ϳȥȻ󣬸߼·ǣԶ㡣鷳ɷһսǰҪоԵĵ֤
˵ףϹټҲı̵влĻܹһӡ
ƮƮһ仰ĸĴ塣սΣֵɼһߡ
Щī֪顣
īʱһׯ԰ſڵȴš
ոջŰīϢʳīûе֮ǡڵõī϶Ĵ֮󣬻ҷǳˣóī԰ſڵ
ī˼֮ҵ԰ſ˰أɲ⣬ҲŰȻ֮ɫīЩ׸ո̽԰ʱΪʲôЩ˿ĿĽһŮ޻ۡ
һѳ
Ȼ̸ſƬΪ˵Ȼһ𣬳īûͳʵʵĵ
߽԰ʿûһƽ֮еӢٷ磬Ůòʸ߹
īʱõıòʩչٱһʮҵꡣϴŵģرҲ㺮ᡣ˵ƲʿЩ콾ǣûܱȵùī
ԳīҲϹȥǷ֮ǰʫͶΪ׼ġŮĳǵ۹Ȼīѡ·Ҳǳ
ϳīһʣվҲǳ
Ȼһʿһֱվ԰ſڣ͹ˡɲʲô˶ܴĵط


1056 Ͽ
ûһЩʿֻԶԶվǱ߿ôһЩɫŮޣվԶɦŪˣ崿ĵĿҲֻһǾǱĳʸ԰Ĵ￴ϣһȥ
ǵģ԰ǮͿԵġīóһǧƷ쾧԰ȴûл԰пܻᱻΪƣ
֮磬Ϊ·Եʣžصĵλ԰һصĴµĲҵǸصĴĴ嶼ǡ
ԶԶģʿһĽĿ԰ķСš
Ҫܹҽ԰ͺˣ˵浽ǵҩģһӣֵʮֱұʿ֮ذ
ʲô֪԰ʳģѹӦģһʳģѰģ¿ǣľ¥˵ɣ
˵˵Ǿ¥ʳ൱ϡܶණ綼ǳ
ǺǣЩ԰ʲô
ô֪ô
ȿȡ˵ģϢܿɿ
˵Ҫʲôˣʸ뵽԰氡
繫ϵĴ콾ЩѾ֤ʵˣǶ԰ϿɡȻһݵĿƬ⿨Ƭ԰еѣȫѵģ
ţ԰
֪ʲô԰ĸ֮һ԰ӵױȵϵΣ㵱Щʸ԰ˣĻ׳԰׺ȣ
ѵǣ
棬Щĸһˣô飿ÿ·԰Żſƽǲŵġ԰ÿһοһξ԰Щ㶫˵һЩ䱦ʳİ߸ɴǼƷ쾧ʯ輫Ʒ쾧ʯ˺٣Ϊ̫ˡ
ǳʶˣǸģͦʿ̾
ҲһѪʿԼļ棬Ҳţʮ䣬޽ɾ硣ƽҲЩԸֱףԼԭǾ֮ܡ
԰ĿƬҲǷֵȼġһʿȻŪΪʱѾмŮ޴չš΢΢˼֣΢Ц˵ǵĿƬȫƳɣӵ͵ߣֱΪɫɫɫһִ˵е񿨣֪ģֿƬ԰쿪ʼһҲֻȥšһţƮŮΪս֮󣬻õһһš֪˭ϡ֮⣬ûܵõ񿨡
ʱһչƯŮӲ廰ǲֻ𾳽Ĵܣʸǵأ
ʿͷ˵ҾͲ֪ˡ
ŶƯŮ¶˼ɫʵǲǳʲôĿƬԴ˽ȥأ˵ţ¶ϣ֮ɫʿ
ʿǰƯŮޣ΢΢ҡͷ֪СýɫƬʸһ˽ȥɫƬƺԴ˽ȥ
ƯŮ̾һȻЩʧ䡣ʿո˵ĻҲܸоʸýɫƬݶѾ˲ˣɫƬˣ¸١
һҪ԰ʶֻһˡ
ʱԶһˣ಻٣ŮΪ׵ģһʮˣĿǣһޱȻͶ䣬һɾɡ
ˣڱҲһǰһĸоͬʱв²⣬϶Ǹͨˡ
ߵЩˣȫʶȺ԰ˡ
ˣĿбӣҲһۣ԰Ĵš
ȫ۽缫֮ˣһȺˣ֪Щ˵ݣ϶൱
ȻΪǸ˵һЦȡһɫƬ˵ô
ʱһأͬʱ˱ȭˣ
ɫƬˣݲһ㣬ʵҲԵǽһˣ
΢΢ͷȻЦһҫĻᣬǵĿƬҲͲóˡ
ȫЦһĻȹŮˮߣﻹҪʲô
һòӢʸ߹ҲЦ˵ǰˮ˻죬оƺԡ
ȹŮӺʸ߹һۣԶܱܲ˵ôѽһȺƵġ
ԶһЦˮǳɽ
ȫЦ
Ϊ׵Ҳ¶һ˿εЦݣ˵ѽ
ʱ˵һźȹŮӣͻȻ俴վһԵĳīֻɨһۣ΢΢üͷʲôˣ
΢΢һ漴Ļشǲʶڵˡ
ȹŮӵ¶һ˿ıģŶһ˵˾Զվţվôʲô
¶ɫ
ȹŮӺȻ¶һЦݣֱȡһŽɫƬǳ˻ΣȻī¸ҿĸͷ̣ұȥΣ
ȹŮ΢΢ü˫˫֡


1057 Ҵȥ
ʱǰռ԰ʿߵȺˣиԶЩһȫɴ۾һĻ˵ĺȫüޱĽĿųīǺ޲ðԼīԵһ£ͬʱҲڣΪʲôովͲܵӴһ㣬վǱߣôڣǸ˵Լˣ
ԭΪȺֻǸһɫƬΪӸո˵ĻǸԼļӡ˭뵽Щ˾ȻĻпƬǿԴ˽ȥĽɫƬ
ǵģǺǸȹŮīԸ裡
԰˵ЩжãֻҪܹȥһΣ͵һοԸ󱲴ʱʧһʲô
˵棬ƣܱһ￴ۣǾ͵ǻ˾޴ĻԵ
һޱĹ¹㶪˵𣿻صڼɣⶼǿԴʱòã
ƯŮޣ۾ˮ˵еӣ룬¸ֻۣҪܹȥ԰һΣҲֵˡ
ϧǣӣûһۡ
ȹŮЦĿųī˫ȴǱġ
īüͷ΢΢𣬿źȹŮӣû˵
ʱ򣬺ȹŮ΢΢˵ûҸ˵𣿡
īȻû˵ֻǾĿźȹŮӡ
ȹŮʱһӣˮˣ
ӦһȻЦҡҡͷ˫˫Ƥϲ֣ˡ
ȹŮ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ϊ֮ɫжЩ죺ϲûʲôɽڼ̤ϵĻϣɾЩˡܲϲͬʱҲЩˮΪˣ˫˫һ֣Ĳ̫á
ʱԶһСӰȱ㣬̫ˡнն̶ȣ޷ġЩһģʵϹȫĺܡ
˵ţһЦ㿴
ԶȡһŽɫƬŲԶЩʿһΣ˵ԼƯĹ·֮ǰΪҶ˲ˮŮҴ԰
䣬мŮ˲ߣ
˴˼仹˶ݶּҵս
飡
һ֮һŰȹòʮ崿˵Ůսʤˣ嵽Զǰɫ΢죬ʩ񣺡ԸŮ
ôԶЦ´ȹŮһۣӸµʵʲôΪ
ȹŮӻش۷塣
˵㣬ҲǿʸΪҵŮˡЩıˡԶЦе˵
ȹŮҧ촽ɫЩȻ
Զ˵㵱ںǼˡҾʹȥ
㡭ȹŮüͷȺһֱħһ̫ˣ
ȹŮԣ˲ʧȥѪɫʧԶҧ´
ô뺰ǱǸȥɡԶνİ˰֡
ҡҺȹŮӺȻˮţȴʲôû˵ڡȻͻȻڵϣʹ
һ˲䣬԰ܣһƬš
ȻкܶȹŮӵĿ⣬Ľͼʣǣ˵Ǽˣ㺰ʮһҲԸ⣡
Ϊģȥ֮Ů㱻ʹ͵ʲôֵˣ
мոձȹŮӼ˵Ůޣ䳰ȷ
ǣղŲͦôôˣû
ǣװʲô崿
ǧˣϻ¶һҲԸı飬˭
Ǿǡ
ղż໥ļҵŮޣ˿վͬһսϡ
ԶôǺǣһûأ㶼·ߵĸԶɣ
ȹŮһԲվ滨꣬ͷҪȥ
ʱ򣬳īȻڵȵȡ
ȹŮվסУɻĿī
īŰȹŮӣȥ
ȹŮӵͷȻû˵ȻΪòͬӢҲܸ߹ϻ԰ĿƬеĻΪʲôȥ
ʱ򣬺ȹŮЦϣϧأ̸˵û𣿡
īʱȻ俴ȹŮӣһ˫ƽУ˲첨ӱڴӾ촹¡˲䱬úȹŮ̲ס
˶΢΢һۣȹŮӵں棬ЩĿī
ԭЩˣû˽īġ
ϢϾܸоõһ޽ɾ߰ˡ
ڴʱ˿̣ī˫бȻȫԽڵǸ磡ѾﵽɲеĲΣ
ȻˮоЩΣա
ʱ򣬳īٿȹŮӣǿȹŮӣº͵ĵȥʶһ£
ȹŮҲīո񱬷һʱŸопܿˣ˲ûôͨǵ˵ͷҿɾ磬Ҫң뵽ɾ̤·
īͷҴȥ


1058 
⻰һֱȸոˮ˴Ҫ԰𺳸ǿҡ
˷ȫˣĿ͵Ŀųī
ܶ˵У¶ǿҵɣ
ǱһŮ̲סֹ˷˰ɣ˽ȥǺǣûɵһվʲô˽ȥӲ𣿡
Ů˵˲˵ܶ˶ôΪġ
ͬʱҲһˣɫصĿųīΪǾãǸ꿴ȥ˵ӡ˵ĺ档
ˮһˣҲȫһ㶣м漴׷¶Ū֮ɫ
ȹŮͯӰЩǵĿųī˵ñǱ̼ˣںͲճˡ
ԶڳīĳغĵļһǲˬݣͳֽѵСˡһЦԼȥҪ˽ȥ㵱ʲôط
ȹŮ˫˫ı־ֱӵö࣬ЦīǲǷˣƾӵζʲôʸ԰
ҳ֣īƽĵ
ôֲ˲֪ѵýѵһ𣿡˫˫ŭովȻһۿú˺ü飬Գīޱ
ˮȻû˵ֻж˼ζ
ʱ򣬳īһΪѵ˵԰͵ģſڿԴܣ
˫˫һĿųīôˣ
īֻǿſڵ԰
һʱҲЩԲ׼ˣ𿴳īվϰ죬֪û԰ĿƬһҪСǲСĸˣǾ鷳ˡ
һ˵԰ſڵȻԴܣ԰ĿˣҲԶҪɧ԰Ĺ͡
ȹŮ˫˫ʱһ⣬°ͣĵעųīŹ黹ûжӵһ̶ȣϽ
ʱǰȹŮһǵĿųī̲סˣزʶֵ̫߰ɡ
ߣԶЦ¿ͷϴȻٹ
ԣ¿ͷϴȻٹ˫˫Ҳ˵˴һ֮ô˵飿
ߣ˭˵ҪߣīϽԶҪɧ԰͵ƽĴȡһſͣʲô
Ƿ˰ɣΪóһʲôƬܺ𣿡ȹŮ˫˫īóһſʱЦǰϣӵ԰ĹƬ⿨ɫʲôɫɫ԰ʲôʱɫĿƬˣţһͷԺըЦ˲ֹס˼ĿųīſƬ࡭ţǡ񿨣ôôܣһǼٵģ
˫˫˵Щһ𾪵ĿųīſʮƽƳɵĿƬ
ˮҲסˣЩ˼Ŀųīſһ˫Ǻתǳ𾪡
ԶĿųīſ·ſƽͨϴһ־޴ħĿ⣬۾Ų
ȹŮͯӰĿųīС΢ţͬ𾪺Ͳ˼顣Ȼͬˣȴȫ벻ԷȻóһžóĿ
ǸȹŮҲɵסˣĿųīƯһ˫𾪣ޱǿҵ֮ɫ
Щֵʿڳīó񿨵һ˲䣬ȫѾ˵񣬴ľվǣ˼ʧˡ
񿨣
òӢʺܺãȴԶ˵ʿȻóһ񿨣
˵ֱһĳ
ڶʱڣŤתǶ֪
ô
һƯȹ˫˫Ŀɿڴվǣ૵϶ģ
Ҫгī¿ͷϴԶһһϣȴҲ˵ǾĻ
ˮĹâ䣬˵񿨣԰𣬾˵ֻȥŶѣһţ֪˭ûſƬֹһţȴƮŮ۵ƮŮۣͬûн԰ſԼͽ̵ˡ̴˵԰еſ̵ţǴûгֹţ
ˮû˫˫ȥɳī񿨵αΪֻҪû裬û˸԰ſڣһżٿҡײƭ仹ֻȥŵ񿨡
īˮһƽ˵ƨ£
ˮ˲
īȴٿȻǸͬɵ԰ҿԴٸ˽ȥ
ĿĿųīǾҳ鴤ţͣҪʧˡһС߹⣬ڳīϣֻ䣬㽫ĿջأȻһĵ԰Ĺ˽ȥԣ
仰һԽԽʿŮ۾˲һȫޱȳȵųī
ڸոճīǼʿ޲ͷϴ
īͳͳӵһָߵİȹŮӣ˵ֻһ˽ȥ


1059 ͻ
ܶʱһʧ̾Ϣ
ǸոճЦīЩˣ޲Լ⣬ΪʲôôΪʲôҪۿ˵ͣѵеˣôųҪǰӵ
ֻϧҲˡ
һĽѵ
˶ڣ
ϧû
̬Ⱦͺ֤֮ܽ󣬿ī񣬶ȫͬ˼£ڽȥǣ
īһۣ΢΢һЦҿһһиû
Կԣȶöû⣡˵ţ̬ȹ¡
īͷ˵վ
ʱ򣬻ȹŮͯӰһ߼ͬ飬ȻĿ䵽ˮϣˮˣȽȥɡ
ˮһĿһ۳īû˵ʲôתߡ
˫˫ȴͻȻ䱬ôˣֲǷģʲô˭û˭ûмΪһ񿨣˶㣡𾴵ſ
ī΢΢ü˫˫˵еͬĻƨ£йϵ
˫˫Ҫ棬С󣬴û˸Դˮˣ൱硣ԣƽѾԳīɱġ
ֵܣˣǸһ𣬽ţһ׳˶ߴֱӴԶߵīǰ´һۣȻĳīļ򣬳īϣ¶Цݣӵһ¡
ովͿˣΪʩչ˰ٱԭ򣬻ûϳó񿨣ҲŸĸִŲµ
ҿˮĵˣ˵ǸһҵֵܣҸӡһѡ
ܶʱһ΢ľ

ǻҰڵ⼸꾳ͻͽ˵Ѿ̤֮С
һ˰Ҳһˡ
벻˾Ȼǻҵֵܣֲõʮء
ƨ˼أ͵ʮòã
Ƕʱ۷׷ס
ˮңҲ΢΢һɫָĿŻң֪˭ô
΢΢һ㶣ҡͷǸҲʶ㡣
ԶǺЦˮ˶ʶҲǸӣǸӣˣǲᣬ˵˲㡣
ˮֱԶ˵ڣһƵľ
šȻˮ
ϼˮ
ֲáԭ
ЩסãǲЩ΢΢鴤ĵԭˣҵֵܸǸ¸һһӣͷǷһ飡
ˮУ¶⶯֮ɫûǷһ飬Ҳһ顣
ֻҪ˵Ǳߵ˫˫ȴٴαָųīУҵǸû꣡Ϊóһ񿨾ͿԼˣĶǣ
ˮ˳ʼ磬Ի¶һεЦݣǸˣңʵҹϵҪǵҵѡ㻹ֵܸ˫˫Ǹɡ
ҵɫһ䣬üͷ˫˫˵ܷ񡭡
ܣȻ˵꣬˫˫ֱӴ˻ҵĻȵײңҵǸû꣡
ҵУһ˿ŭɫʵһˣһʼûϳǸǳīܿ죬ʹӳīľֹϸоӦþǸ겻Ľֵܡ
ڿ˳īó֮뵽һЩţڿȷ˺ܾܿǳī֮󣬿īķӦڳȷˡ
˲֪ҿǺԼֵж˵ʲô˫˫ˣˮī򲻹Ҳһ
ͬһ˭˭Ӯһأ
ˣ˫˫ĵѣҵɫҪ˵ȴīסֱۡ
Ȼ󣬳īվ˳ƽĿ˫˫˵ȻǸŮΪֹȴһʮø
˫˫˫Ŀ⣬üһҪ˵ı鿴ųī
һҸزʶԩ޳ȴ䳰ȷƣûûˡԣսͱϻսɶѡīһƽ˫˫ڶ
ī˫˫ûó԰ĿƬ㾡֮£޲ܰ赽ó԰ĿƬੲûûˡǲУʸ԰ˣ»ǰӵֺУ԰ǲҲգ
˵úãʱһͻȻ𣬽ţ߹ˣ˵ˣͬǸӣһֲһȴ̫ǿˡֱͬһ貵飬ѹȵ˼˫ۡ
ɫһֱƽˮͻȻ˫Ŀâˣ˵˫


1060 Դһ
ŴֲӴЦ߹ǳŻ΢΢ͷȻЦеĿųīֵܺģ˵̫ˣȱľǸ춥׹ۿ˵͵£˵񿨣ûпҲûϵһ˫ȥ
˵ţֿһѾǲ֪İȹŮӣСģвйһŮӣλеѴȥʲô£
˵֮󣬻˫ֲֵĿˮС𣿡
㡭ˮƽ޲ڷ˫עԴǣ
עƨʲôעģС㲻Ը⣿Сʱ򱻸ƨɵˣ˫һϷŪı顣
ܵ˴˿ȫˣǱ˫ĻǱ˫ָˣ
˵ˮϼǰ;ˡô˫糬һͬǰ;ѹˮһͷ
˫ļ壬ƾУˮڻ˫ǰȴһֱǰôͷ
ܹʿЩûʸ԰ˣҲûݵλ̫ģһֻ̳һɽһɽߣݵλⶫָ˭ȡϼͻһǾͲ̫ԶⲢ˽ܶܶѪʿ˽顣
ˮɫĿŻ˫Ƿŭƫƫã˫һѪԵϵֻ֮ĹϵȽ϶ӡ˫С۸
ǱƨǼ£ˮʹ
񱻵ˮ˶Ҫ쭵ĳ嶯һɵϢҲױֱѹȵúܶȫ˫ȷҪµĳ嶯
üͷųԼīֵȴȵķֳīޱվǣûκӰ졣
˫Ҳע⵽һ㣬ֻһӣǰȹŮУǾȵĿһ۳ī
˫һǼˣҲȫչֵˮѹ
һʱ䣬԰ſڣţƺʱܻᷢҵĳͻ
ʱһ԰дѽһȺͣû·ؾ׼ǵģ̫ϣŶԹԹǳԡ
һеѹ˲ʧһա
ܶѾ֧ŲסҪµʿʱһűһȻ԰
˫ˮɫҲȫ΢΢һ䡣
˫԰һȭ˵ĸҲ͹ȥ
ˮҲȭ˵Ǹŵ㣬ʵڸͽȥ
˫һ۳īƢߣһȥֿŰȹŮ˵Ҳ
ȹŮһмȦԻ˫ϹʩȻߵīǰлл㣡
˫˸ֹۣ˧ư
ļ̲סЦҲ˧
Ǵˡ˫һ棺ǰ˫
ī̲סЦû˫˺˼ֵһ
ˮǱߣԶ˫˫ȫһԹĿųī˫˫ˣ˻㣬ͷҪÿΪ񿨾ˣ
ī΢΢һüңŻ˫԰УпԽԹĵط𣿡
ʱˮˣȫͣסΣ˫˫Щ˼Ŀųīͬһ׳ա
˫ųīģ
īͷ
˫˵ȻʲôôҲ۷ΪȷҪһ
īٴεͷ˵ȻϲŮˣŮʵᣬ
˫˫ǱѾŭɶЦңðһû˼ɣ
ȹŮͯӰ¶֮ɫֹ
ˮУ¶һ˿˷ܣŻ˫ҲҸҶһѣ
˫ˮСʲô
һڼƷ쾧ʯΣˮЦҶ˫˫ʤ
޳ܣ˫һŮ˵
ˮЦ˿䣬ƺһ㶼գŻ˫Ķϲ𣿡
˫һİƣЦ԰Сڿʼͬǰɣ쾧ʯð˭˵н磬ĸʿԼ쾧ʯࣿһڼƷ쾧ʯǰɣˣС粻Ų㣬һڵļƷ쾧ʯ𣿡
ˮЦŴȡһźɫƬŻ˫ҡҡС
ѽҶͦģȻôǮ˫ЦеĿźɫƬ˵ǮׯĺڿһУˡССǶĻʲôûӮһΣȷҪҶģ
ˮƺСѾЩˣ۷޽ɣѹ˾ֱ˵ٷϻ
ȻЩɴˡţˡ˫ͷϲ飬սܣʲôңģ
īʱ˵Դһ𣿡


1061 
㣿ȫס
˫ЩŵĿųīȴû˵
ǻЩǵĿųī˵ֵܡϡ
īŻҵ粻һʤ
ҳ˳ǣȿȡȷһߣҪǲôǮ
͡
˫߼ȫ̲סЦȻǱȽЦ
ˮǼ˿ɲȫ¶Цݡ
ԶЦҲվӺúÿԼóټƷ쾧ʯһ򣿱ǸǵĶľ֣һǧµģԶƵĿһۻ˫˹Գƾ˫ɸҶ˽棿û˹ôǮǧƷ쾧ʯóġ
˵䣬ԶһɫƬ
˫ٺЦв֪İ˭ͳͳˣȻųī¶һЦݣ㲻òμӶľ֣Ӯ˷һ룡
Ǳ˫˫ҲȫЦŲٵģóһǧƷ쾧ʯ
˫˫Ŀųī˵еˣŻ˳߼ģǰô
˫Ŀһ˫˫ȻԳī˵ô
Ǳ˫˫ɫѿȴҺͻ˫졣
īȴҡҡͷ˵ȻҿģҲһ£ԵöȤɣҳڣ̧ͷˮӣ𣿡
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ԶһЦ˵˼Ҫأ˵񿨡ҲֻţĻ˳򡣡
Լ֪ͲҪܾñ˶һīһתȻһԽԽȺ˵Ǯ˶ˣ鵤ã˵ǾͺǮǰɣ
˵ţīܵȺ˵鵤õ𣿽ڼƷ쾧ʯҡ
Զ˫˫˲䱬Цųīǿһ׳ա
ǱߵˮһӢϣҲд㵣Ȼûס鴤˼¡
֪ī鵤֮ϵģȴЩǣȴ˵īһֱӱ¶ݡҪǣ鵤ôֱӽڵļƷ쾧ʯ
ⲻҲʮƷ쾧ʯһʾ޶ĲƸ
ˮһƽóһڼƷ쾧ʯĺڿҸұ֤ˮ棬Ҳһڶ£
˭ҪһһڼƷ쾧ʯ¶޶Ҳŵ
Գī˵ó񿨿ʼʵ˵УѾˡīҲûһֱȥҲĵ
ȥԣʱûʲôʱˣĶܵӰ졣
ӶӰġδ·
˵鵤õˣΪīȺпһˡ
ԣǸ˶һ̬ȡ
īţô죬ǸҲһͿݡͬʱīȺУ˼ˡ
ϹټҵϹ骣ҵ񿨳ֵһ˲䣬ѾµīݣԴ˿̿īȫӡ
īУǿҵĺ⣡ȴû߳īϡΪѾʧȥʸ
īԴ⣬ʱٸϣ֮ڣԷ
ܼɵĶ֣Ѿȫһˡ
īôҪʫͶʫͶ棬Ҳһôġ
ܵҲȫīòᣬǴԳīûʲôУ෴вٵĺøС
ΪˮΪ׵Щ콾ǹʿĽʺ޵Ķ󣬶ָ߸ϵĴڡڱĳһǵģֱЩ콾
ЩʿȻľվ˳īһߡ
˿Щȫĳ嶯һֱ̫ˡ
˵ûǮûǮɡȻҺڣҪô
ҲͰˣҲûʲôҶû棬˵˵ѡһȻȥò鵤áԼǵ˲డ
һˮͬ׵ĸ಻˵ȥ鵤á
˵ڳЩ˵û鵤õˣУ˼һ
ˣôġ

֪ī鵤ݵλģȻ鵤òܽīôǮΪ鵤û˹īϾīôһɤӣ鵤Ҳһõ鵤òҪ
˫ûȥ֮һīֻһ˫Уâ˸ҲѾ³˵ݡԣҲڵȣ֪ܽƵ꣬磬Ĳ
Ҿͦġ˫߼ζ˵һ䡣
˫ߵļͬҲѾ뵽ʲôЦ
Զ˫˫Щˣʵͬ޴֮ǰֻЩīˣ侲֮Ҳ²µ˳īݡҲԣ׷ۿųīǲµ˳īݣţ鵤ûī
ڣ㵱˭
ʱΧ۵ȺУ߳һӣųī˵ϴŰ㣬Ҹܾˡ


1062 治
ī΢΢һͷߵĿӣĿɨȺȴǸѾˡīһ̾ĵҲá
ΧЩҲȫһ˵һ˭ȻһԹ˵һȫɵĻ
ֻһЩˣˣ΢΢һݡ
鵤ȺУ̲ס˵
ȻᣬڳЩʲôˣĸżߵΪȺжʱһƬȻ
һˣ
Ȼ鵤õ㡭ɴܣΪ˿ѷɫˮͻ˫ˣ
ˡ˭Ȼ鵤ĺܾܾ
֪֪鵤λŰϵʲô
Ҳţˣܾ鵤λˣӣƺ
ҪڼƷ쾧ʯɣ

Χ۵ȺУͻȻʣ˶ʱȫЩˡ
ǰ鵤õˣҪܾ˵ĻӦ̬ȡ
ѵ
ˣ˲סǰһĻ
īһӣĵǣ
Χ۵ЩһͷΣ˫ˮЩǲųīûȺе֪ܲ˭
λ鵤õҲҪƽȵкһﵹãֱһҲʶı顣ǡ̫ˣ
ֱ˿̣ˮվɽ˵˲ͻȻһָоʲôʱ򡭡Ǵûзе˽꣬ȻҲֵˣĵԴԺη
ԵܹΪˣѾ㹻˵ǵĻԵǿˣ˽ˣ𣿾ԼΪ˻Ͽ
ʵ𣿱ˣ֮ͬ£Ǹ߳ī֪ٸ磡Ϊ˵·ĻЩ̤뵽ˡ
ԣǿīȽ˳۵Ļ˫ҲЩ㲻īĵԴ
ҪЩϿһˣǳѡ
𿴳īЩһֱƣʵϣȴѱˮ˫ЩɣǴӲΪīһˡ
ӿųīЦðɣҡ鵤õ㣬Ǯġ
ֳţ
ȫĿ͵Ŀ鵤㡣
ˮâ˸żȻǸ˽꣬鵤С֮һЩϵûзϹ
鵤õСʲôݣ֮ͬŮ
ܸһ˽߳곶ʲôϵֱǺ֣
ڿ桭ƺе㲻Ծһ롭Ծ
鵤λСƣĸ˽֮߳ʲôϵֵڣ
˵ˮҲȫһ͡
˫Щɵˡ
ڡ⻹ô棿
ΪˣԶôԴǧƷ쾧ʯһʿе֣ǶôҪһóڵļƷ쾧ʯЩһò
˫һζĿųī뵽˽߳꣬ȻǲΪӡ֪Ǹˣٶ̰ƫƫ鵤õ㡭Ȼ֣
˫㲻ľٶζʲôֱǴ鵤ãȫȫġվ˳īһߣ
Լûʸ棡
һ鵤˵ͷβˣȻͿԣ
Ǳ˫˫ԶˣɵˣĿ͵ĿһĻ
ȻĿ鵤õλ㣬ȡźɫĿƬЦеĵݸ˳īÿһڣ˵ˣĻʱڣ
壡
֣Ǿˡ
˭
ڳЩһӾ뵽鵤õĻˣŵҷ봺
ġһ̲סеļ𺳣ֹһ䡣ȻЩӵĿһ۳īְµĽֵܣڲ֪УѾɳֵزοͬʱҲмֲ
ΪȺһֱ۸ڶˣû߳īһ
ˣȴĳЩ棬ȫѹЩˣ
ѹǴ
ˮʱ˿̣̲סЩĬ˸Ŀ㣬гӡ
īӹſƬʱ򣬶ͻȻĴҽҵľ壬СӣҽΪ㡭ԼļױҪˣҪǸҶãҲŹ㣡
ī΢΢۾ĵһ˵̧ͷһ㣬㣿
㰡װɵУͷŰҪңҽë¿ãҲЩ죬ôһ֣ҹˡ
Ȼ϶ᱻЦ鵤һˣôŵһ֡
īҲһĿ㡣ȻĿת˫ˮºɫƬ治


1063 ľ
ˮˮйâת̲סĬ
˫ҲЩʧҺͻ˼ãˮ֮С־Ҳ˫ϲּ顣ֵžһ׷Ѱ߾磬Ǻ¶
ԣˮһڵļƷ쾧ʯǱˮһڣ˫Ĵˣֻᵱһ෹Цȥ̸̫顣
һڶѣ˵Զﲻ˺ĵز
ڡ֣Һͻ˼ֳȻĴ壬ͬҲоۣ
䣬Ǯıһ˸׬ȥ˻
ʱ˵˵˫ֿˮǻ˫뿴ġ
ľַ֣Լģ˼ҳīľֲ֡īȥֻǶû뵽īȻ˸ңۺ졭ܰ鵤Ȼ
£˫Щоﻢ¡
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Ϊ·׼ģ
ȻˮߣȫԵõϣҲΪԷһ
˫˫ˮͻ˫ЩĬҲŭڿʲô̲ס˵һ޽ɣڻ类軵˵СΪ磬Ҳڻݺ᣿գգ۵Ĺѹǵʲô
ˮȻ̧ͷųī˵ȷģ
㲻ˣīƽʵ
˵ûʲô塣Ȼôˮû㣡ˮ˵ţȡһȣˢһչ͵ıһɺ嫵Ϣ
ϢУ͸һɷ·ԶŵĲζĴ򣬻һγһȷ衣
ɽӱȣȺУ˷һ
˵
ǰӣʿĿ͵Ŀˮеȣ۾ֱˡ
˵ɽӱһɽƶɣһ߶ɽ֣ѹܣ֪߾
ˮųīӣֵֹڵļƷ쾧ʯ
˫ͻȻڣˮĻ˵ӣʮڵļƷ쾧ʯҲˮ㡭
һΣ˫ûнСȻǷǳ档
ˮ˻˫Ļ˵һҶ˫˫оԵģһעʤսûˡڶųսǿᣬ磬ɽ磬ÿÿԽսǿߣӦҲ޵ˡɵǣҲˣԣţҲ䣡
һӣīݣѾˮʯ
һأ˫Ŀˮɽӱȣ˵Ƿ
ˮ˵Ҷ䣬ϡκˣ
˫˿Ŀһˮ˵Ȼˣ˳ľ֣档˵ţĿһ˫˫ԶˣҲ˳ľְɡ
˫˫ƺЩ˵ƾʲôīԣҾͲУߣ˻ȥһǧ򡭡ڵĶľֱҲĲʲôˡ
ˮʱȻЦŻ˫ôģΣҳ顣
أҸÿ䡣ֻʧȥ˿Ȥ˫˵
ˮЦЦȻˣǡҸ֤˰ɣ
ٴδȺԵСһһС£ûǰɣȻˣǵ֤˺ˡɣ
īȻ֪˭ˮͻ˫ˣ㡭ȫûκ飬ȻҲ˵ʲô
ʱٴ𣺡սҲ·֮ǰһʢˣ͵ɡȻһʢᣬˡҲûʲô˼ǽƸΧ۵ЩˣһɡҪԣֻҶսǾͳȥ˭ҲأҪ͵͵־ٶģǱҲ
䣡
˷˲䴫һ춯صĻ
Щûʸ԰ʿȫ˷ܵЩ£ζû뵽ǾȻл뵽԰С
Ȼֻ֮ܿⳡսܹ԰ⱾѾһĻԵˣ
ʱˣƺƵӿ԰Ȼǧ֮ڣ
԰ǰ·Ⱥˣ԰һطȥ
֮󣬳īŷ֣ԭ԰ȻһС磡
ж죡
㣬ͿΪһͨ԰ء
ǳ̨ͤˮ鿣СˮյֲŴϡֲһЩݡߡ󾪺
ǻӰ˵гһ䣬һĵҩ
䱦˵ּһѰҸֱǳϡ˵䱦Ѿˣ벻Ȼô࣡
ǻףһݡ
ǡ
԰棬Ʒҩĺֱʤһ·ϣ˴һʼľ̾ѾЩľˡ
ףΪʲô԰ѰʿûʸЩҪȫߵĳ嶯
īҲôģﻹֹﰡôõĶҪܰȥͺˡ
ң


1064 ´
īԵͻ˫ˮҲȫԳ鴤ǣʮŬҪװʶīӡ
̫ˣ
ˮֿ첽뿪ĳ嶯˵һ̸ЦóڼƷ쾧ʯĵˣҵĶ֡һŵļһ
˫˫Զˣһĵı飬Ц
ȹŮСڳīߣīĻҲЩЦãﻹЩհף֪Լ뵽һǷУǺǻ
һǿԷģǾǣЩˡ˵ӡҲ˵ܽΣӦöʲô鷳еʧ䡣
ôҲǸ۷Ѫţڼｮ֮ϣҲǿ֮ŮĴڡȻӡ־޴Щ㱡
ʱ򣬳īȻһۣʵˣʲô֣
ʱתͷĿųīȻû˵ǳв˵Ȼã
īûװûв񣬿ŰȹŮӡ
ȹŮɫ΢죬ǡ
ֲīЦŵףճΪ
ллл㡣ķ˫գЩ֪롣
ߣǱߵ˫˫һߣȴҲû˵ʲô֮ԣУѾīһˡһ֣˭ȰУ
鵤õԱҲʹ˫˫ɱ֮ˣûס
ܿ죬鵤õ˽˴һ޴Ŀյϣʱ򣬴Զ߹һȵӰһɫĳȹ£ɢһɵĹâ࣬ȴһַĸо
ţŮӿдСһǣˡһ£Ǵ̨˵ţһ֡һ޴̨˲ƾ
·ǴӴһɽ
ȫһ𺳵Ŀţˮͻ˫ˣҲͬȡ
ĴͨⲻǼ򵥵ġ족ڽһõʩչġС硱̨
̨Ų󣬵Ŀռʵ൱ҪǣǵĴܣҲս˿ɢ棬˼޹
īУҲ𺳣Ȼ̨ܿĲ
ٿǴųȹڹâеŮӣī̲סпѹЩ֮󣬶ôԹԭŮӡȻ˲ֶΣһĵʩչġ
ѱ޷µ𡭡ôŮӵľ磬Ҳͺ֮ˡ
׼
ʱ־磬ֱһĴڰ
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һЩʿһȷ˶֮ܵźװʲô鶼ûе𺳣ȴôβ˵ģãҶһ𺳡
ˣľֵСһѶ͵ɡŮ˵
ˮһǰʩ񣺡´ˣ
СһĲʿ˵һ״飬ȷҪѼֵԶֹڵɽӱȸ˼Ҷģ¶ˮȻӣУƺһġ
лл´˵ѣŲ䣡ˮһĵ
ϲЩСһһŵӣ˵ĻɱޱӡҿǺܹġ½ӹɽӱȣЩпĿ˼ۣ̾һȻ
ˣ˵˱ޱӣˮȴһƢûУֻ¶һ˿εı飬Ȼȥ
ʱ򣬳ī߹Ժ¹ʩ񣺡´ˡ
𡭡㲻ܽҺ´ˡŮӺȻֹ̧ס˳ī
ʱǴһȻһƬţˡȫ
˫˫Զϵı֮ɫѾҪź£ǲ̫ȴ뵽һ˽һСԼˣΪ´˵䣬˭ܽеģ
ˮǣ¶һ˿Цݡ
˫ü˼
ҺͰȹŮκʧ䣬ǲ뿴ī󣬶γ棬ָͬܵĸо
㣬ЩζЦһĿ˫˫Щˣĵ֪ƨ
ʱ򣬺ʵĹâȻɢȥ¶һЩƽ
īʱ΢΢һ
ûκηӦȻǲûпµݣ
ôеʧЦĿųī
ȫһͣ˵ʲô㲻óī´ˣȻ˼ǲеʧڡϷŪī
ֻгīԼ֪˵ĲǾ仰ָò
ƽĶۣ²ѿ˵ƽֻ˵ûչ¶֮ǰ˵ֵ̫ˣ
ʵϣµòǷǳģԽԽζϾ̫߹ˡ
ī˵ҡǰ־磬ҪһͷīҲû˵ʲô£ڱ˶У۸ոճƺ⡣ǳīڷ
͵Ŀһ۳ī˵øСһ˵˵ţ˵֮ĹϵȻǲܽҺ´˵ģӦýһʦ壡


1065 һܵ
˵ţЩԥʦ岻̫һƵġ̣вСƺԣйùãţԣ˵ţ̧ͷųīԺҹùã
ˮ˲;ˡ
˫Ҳˡ
Ҳˡ
˫˫Զɵˡ
ˡȫˣ
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ã
һҪŪ
գ֮䣬԰԰缸ûԸǵĺ´ˣȻ˵īӦýһʦ壿ȻСǸҲУóīùã
Ϊʲô
ùòǸ׵Ľ
īʲôˣ
һûκθף˽߳
ôˣΪʲô˶⣿
˫˫ԼҪιȥˣִĸо
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ˮҲ࣬ϵıޱȽӲոú´˶⣬ת˲֮䡭һȫˡ
˼ҾȻҪīĹùã
ҵɽӱȡˮȻһֲԤС
ϣȴ¶ЦݣһȻСүϵ˵ӡʵϣһУԴ֮ǰ鵤õĴү󵱼ҵǣҲĸ׶˵һ
޹أǸˣλΰ˵ӣ˵λ磬λĸܱ֮Ϊΰ˵ģΪλΰ˲ˣͿ裬ŵ˶ǡ˭Ҫ涯ˣ͵ŵùɣԣҪùϵʲôƨ˵ļӡ˼ǰƨǣ𲻷Ҽʵʵһ˵ڸ鵤ܵѣԭǵˣڣҪʲô鵤ҲҪʲôҪܼ޸鵤õĸԵ
˫֮ǰĲ²ʵǳȷƾһƣ鵤öԳī˸īһı졭ͬҲУ
ЩīԼ֪
īʵҲסˣź£Щ֪롣
񿨡˵һֻȥţƫƫˣĪĹϵ
һ̾Ϣһף㽫˸
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īͷɵɵĿź¡
ˣǳɵ
¿ųī̾ϢһһˣߣЩ˵˵ţ»ӻ֣ȥɣһܾʹһܣ˼ұϾŮӣȻеԣְɣˣоɡ
īϣ¶ֿЦ˵ôңһ۷ʿϿܻҲһ޽ɲڵʿѰ
Ǳߵ˫˫ǳ׿Ҫˡһ棬Ϊ´˵Ǿ仰˵оɡһ棬ȴǺ´˾Ȼгī֡һʶ
⡭ôˣ
˫˫һŬԼƽУѾɱīԣһΣһ̵Ľѵ޷̤һο·
Ϊģ
˫˫⣬飬Ҳָƽ
ôǰ׸ġ
һֱˮ˵ߣҲȹġ
ಣ
˫˫һԾ̨
վһo£ǿս⡣
īһۺ£ʵϣɻ󣬵ʱҲֻȫѹ¡һԾ̨
ʱźȻżֵڵĺɫƬûнأˡʶĺ¡
ΪոշһĻһֱڣûЩ˻عء
ī룬ҲûٳƽĿ̨ϵ˫˫˵ְɡ
īǰɣ֪㣡˫˫ûеһʱ֣Ǿ˵˵ȫһӡ·ǰǸİԵŮӸһ㡣
˫˫ųī˵˽ݺᣬɽ缸磬㣬ʲôǣ
˵䣬˫˫Σ˲䶯ˣ
һֱ̧֣ӾһɱУ
һǾѧ
Ҫ̵ʱ䣬׽ī
ȻΪµԵʣɱ˳īڳһ˲䣬Ҳȫû֡
Ҫһ㣺㣬콾̫࣡
ɵƣ˫˫ϣȫȫı
־ϵĲ࣬籩꣬īѹ
ϣ
īûдֱӽ߱С
˫˫һնȥ
ûжκιûʩչκͨ
һնȥ
һ׵׵ġǳīԼĵ
Щ꣬ں˴֮ȫԼĶ
ϵľ޴࣬óīʩչκͨⱻѹơ
ΨԼĵᣡ
Ϊĵ޵֮
ȫȫһУ
īһնȥʱ˷˵ˣȫˡ
µӰ̨Եǹâµϣ¶һ˿Ц⡣
Сӣ
һ
ݿն˫˫һѧǿ𵴵óīڣһ˿Ѫīǡ
ڶ˫˫ȴֱӷһ
У͸ǿҵľ
߱Ǿı䵶棬ͣ˫˫ǴƵķ۾֮ϡ
һܵС


1066 
˷Ŀ̨ϣһɽХľ
ܶ˵ãȻ֮ɫʲôȻĿͶǾ޴̨Ҳɵˣˣûʼͽˣ
ȫɵˣ˫ˮˡǴĿ̨һӰһĻġ
Դ˵Ƕλ֮󣬼֮ǰԳīһЩ˽⣬֪īǿսǳˡȴûīǿеǿȫһ¡
УīԴ޽ɵľ磬Ӧл۷徳˫˫ġѣ
Ϊ˫˫һͨʿ˭ܲһŵ
ûл˫ˮЩڵĻ˫˫һһʿ
֮ǰҲйαȽϳսڻ磬һĽУ˫˫ûôһս˵Եǵһ󾳽ˣŻ˫ˮˣ˫˫Ҳһоͱ˻ܰ
㿴ī֮ǰȫһˡ֮ǰԳīأԴĽ㣬ҲԴ׵ǷڣԳīأѾĵ֡
ңһ˲䣬ѾīԼͬ࣡
Ҫ׽һʿѡǸʿȫѷɫǵ츳ԵսЩ㿴īѾ߱ˣ
˫â˸ɨһ۲ԶޱˮȻ΢΢ҡҡͷ̾һ
˫ߵļˣϳ𺳵Ŀ̨
ˮԵԶĿͣ⡣
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ã˭һʼȡ֣ûûˣһȶûС
˼ûɱǸӡʤˣûô׷Ź˰ɣ
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˶֪˫˫սǳīϢѸٴ˶е𾪲ѡ
ʱīѾվ̨ıԵǰһͻ̨ʱ˫˫Ҳû䡣վ̨һĺ´ˣҲûīʤ
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Ѿ˽սΪˮ澡ʧµ´ˡҲҪùϵ©һ˫˫ѾļԣȻסʶģĿͶ˿̨ϡˮķ
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˫˫һˣˮѾˡı֣൱⣡
뵽⣬˫˫ųīһû䣡
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Ҫô䣿˼һնȥԴû˰ɣ
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Ǻǣ綥ʿ磬ǳʶˡ
һ֮ԣͬһѰѷĵ̽˫˫棬ҧ´ᡢ˽ĿˡԼԼǸʲôˣⲻƤҲô
ΪһŮӣҪġ

Ҫô죿
ʼգˮһֱɽһһ
ڣô᲻䣿
˿̣˫̲ס΢΢üͷǱߵˮ˵ӣ䲻ô
˭֪ˮȫûһ㣬ȫûκηӦ
㿴ˮĿУźεıġ
ˮߵԶͯӰˣȫ̲סͷȥǶоѿΡ
Ϊ￴ˣһ
˺ܶࡣ
̨ϵĳī˫˫һЦãǣ


1067 Կ
˫˫Ŀһ۳īͷȻ˲߶ϵǼһöƴӡ
ϹĴܣƵ෱࣬ӡķԽ϶ࡣ
˫˫öӡ£ԿֻԶޣȫ߶֮ⷽӡ˲Ŵһɽųīѹ
ѹǵصϮ

ӡһֻޣҪˣŤҪһǽһӡ
ǿķӡһĿ̨֮ϣ˻ǸоһĵĺȫһĿš
īϣҲ¶֮ɫ
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Ȼᱻīһ𣬵϶ѾԪؾٶȿ쵽˼飬ûмꡭֻԶָ۷״̬
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ͯӰ˲ͷˮе䣬û˵κλ
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һԶޣѾ̽˴ӣ
ֻޣͬһͷ޴ƥ㣬ϵƬ̵Ŀף˸ŽĹ
һ˫ɭ۾Űĳī
īʱҲ̧ͷֻӡԶޡпЦûڸոһûնȥΪ˫˫ǸƯŮӣֻΪµǾ仰
ֻЩΣոնһþȫΪ
ϸ˵θ˫˫ʵûսģֻ߱Զޡ
˫˫֮䣬ֻǽǿѡ
ͬǣ˫˫۷徳ʿеۣҪڳī
ԣīնһ֮еΪ֧ţȻһա
īۿֻԶһͬʱҲҡҡ׹˫˫
ʱ˫˫ѾĿھѪˡҲֻʣһǿ֧ţȻ͵ˡ
֪ΪΣīж˫˫ķУ˺ܶࡣ
ѵҪŵ
īţ򲻵ѣĲʱֵطŵó


1068 ߱챬
УֻӴԶ޵ֻ޴צӶѾǷӡ£ϱһɲԶŵϢһ˫ɫ۾Ǳɱ·̨ϵĳīſѪڣ¶ݣҺ˳Զ޵͵¡
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Ϊһս֮
ڸոգȻԽס˫˫䡣ĻǼɽӱȣȻ䵽īУ
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ڣ´˲ָԤţīɣ
Ժ´˵ݵλָܳԤս
ɣ
ɣ
ɣ
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ģ
ͯӰУһĨϧźһ˽һˣӦֳϡӦûиõǰ;Ŷԡ
ͯӰȴֹУˮߵˡ
˫â˸ЩӵĿһĻԤҲԤīı֣ѾĳԤϡһսīȥôеϧȴ̫о
Ϊ˫ѽī˸ͬĶ֣Σճ̶ȣҪˮ
üͷ̨һĳīнޱȣͬʱҲڿǱߵĺ´ˡ
Ҫīù𣿼ȻΪʲôֹⳡս˫˫ֵһ̣ⳡսѾʧȥ˹ƽΪʲôֹ
ȴǸȵƽһƽս
ˮߵԶҧۣǷŭսûйƽģ
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Ȼֻôһ˲䣬ȴȫһִӹŹӻĸоŸ
ʱٿ̨棬û˿Ƶ߱죬費⣬ֱӽͷͣղҶԶžһΪ
ȻǷйһ㣬ⱬֱӽͷԶžնϡã
ͨˮڵһվʧĿ̨еǰѵʧ˵еġ
ͷ޴ͬԶžޣ߱նϡãâûܻصӡСױˣ
Ȼ⻹꣡
߱ĵ֮ϣٴα費⣬ǹâУ޾ĴϢ
̨Եĺһ𾪵̧ͷΪ֣߱ϱĴϢѾȫѹĵ
ѹƵĲһ㡭Ǻȫܳ׵ѹƣ
һΣ߱첢ûнϢƺ²µĽ硣ǷǳһȵĿסϢ
Ȼ󡪡
һն̨ϿյǷӡ¡
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ͬŲԣһ̣ƺҪߡȴ߱ϱǹϢȫѹˡҲܶһ£
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꣡
Ƿӡ£ֱӱ߱һΪն롣


޺𣬺Ȼ
ʣͷԶޣֱӳƷӡ˳
ȻûκεĶֱ߱ӷɹȥͷԶͷ­ն
¡¡
Զ޵ͷ­̨ϣ졣
ûͷ­ľ޴УѪͬһѪӡ
˲佫̨Ⱦ졣
һ˫֮ɫգߵ߱졣̾һ˫˫һڣһս˫˫ˣ˭飿
˷һƬš


1069 ŭˮ
˭飿
˭飿
˭飿
ǰѵâѾȥƽͨĺܡ
˷Ŀ̨֮ϣˣȫֱʱ˭˵飬´˳֣ѵͻɹȥ˸նˣ
һ׵һѾ׵
ͬʱҲһ
ʿûмľ
ˮһƨλϣһƬãȻ
ߵĿ̨Ͽǰѵ
˫˸ž⣬Ƕ߼׷˵Ҳ˵·ϣжˡ
Լظ˿ţƣ
ȹŮʱŸҰ۾һ𺳲˼ĿţСȴ¶ĵЦݡ
Ҵã
һɤӣƺ˿̨ϵˡ
˵Ѫһ˲ͷ
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һãɽХһ㡣
ǺȲʵĶ󣬲ǳīǰѵ
һѻ˳̶ȵĵ˵Ƕû˵
˵һ㶼Ϊ
߱صīС߱죬īܹо
Ҫʯ
һ΢īľʶСī΢΢һ漴ԥĽ߱ջصС
ѻͬһɽļƷ쾧ʯ
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¿īĿУźεοϲͷȻ
˵ţûǱʧǵˮһֱۣӽǰɽӱȽ˳ī
ˮУһ̣¶һĨһš
īӹɽӱȣʶٴδǵ߱Ҫ

īȻЩۣǵͷӦˣ˵߱޼۵ģ
˵ҪһҪʮټֻҪīУҲһɻûɽӱͻصĿռȥ߱쾹ȻȲķ˳
ǣһ׮ҰĿ֮·ˡ
ҰС
߱һ˲䣬īеɽӱȾֱӷһ˳ī֣Ҫݿնȥ
ֱӱ߱ϱϢסȻ󣬴Ĺ⻪˳ɽӱ汬ͬһ뵽߱쵱С
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ʲô
ӣ̨ϣмʶĸ߾ʿڵǸ߼֮ԱԴĽӡǰѵո̫ȻҪ䡣

ȫ𺳵ÿҪʧȥ˼ˡ
ˮվһŭ𣺡ң
īվ̨֮ϣһ䣺ƨ£
˹ؼʱ̣ȫ𺳵Ըӣɳīһ仰Ȼú̲ܶסЦ
Ϊ⻭棬ʵǳϲС
һˣһȻʧ̬˾ЦԷǡ
Ǵ硭˾ˡԽǴԽҪעԼ󣬲ܸһ䲻ĸо䲻𡭡ڸı䲻κν£ҲҪ򶨣̹Ȼԡ
ˮ˿ֱ֣Ƿǳʧֵһ顣д𡣼֮ǰ׷˫˫Į֣˵̶̵һʱӵĸ߶ʿȦУѾ̳䣬ųȥˡ
īĻظȻףȴһִĵĸо
ˣ˶˽߳ˣйһӱ÷ǳá
ʵϣѾǳīһζˮ˵ĸˡ
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Ϊ֮ǰˮԳī̬ȣȫ־Ӹµӡ֣˵ʲôҶȮĸо
ڣī˵ĸ֣ȴˮ߳ŭָųīҲҸսһ
꣡
˷Ȼ䴫һҵ
һΣˡȫ̲ס
ԶͯӰЩˮ׷ߡĿɿڴĸоʵҲҪˮĳ嶯
һ۷徳ˣҪսһոջ۷徳ʿĴ޽ʿǲ޽ڵһʿҪ
ԣ̨ܿЩʿѾȫ˲ˮݣ̲סƴ
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ܵ͵һ
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ȴܶˣͷһ
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¿һˮֻǵһ񣬵ȴˮŭ˲侲ֱʩһ񣺡Բ𣬺´ˣʧˡзŭƽԸķ䣬ԹԡɿżԴѹ˼ˡԡԷΪ޽ɾ磬һսȻһڣ


1070 
ƽĿˮ˵ȻˣҲǿ裬Ҫ֪īոսһȻԷΪսԷҲͬʧƽɣʱ֮󣬵ظٽһսΣ
ʱʵһѾһյʿ׻ظ¼Ȼô˵϶ĵһԵĳīûκ飬ţԼùõŮˣẦԼ
ˮĵͷû͵ʱ
¿һ۳ī˵ţ˫˫ݸͯӰû£չһ
˵꣬ųīʩʩȻȥ
ʱܵĿ̨ϣȫ¶ޱ˷ܵɫǽĴ۽ˣ벻Ȼ˴ջ񡣲˴޽ɶɵһսʶʲôһս꣬һˮȻڶ֮ҪԷΪ³Ҫīս
Ϣֱ̫ˡ
ֱӽЩϢŰ֮ϣֱӾŰ
ͬʱϢҲѾ֮ǣкܶʸ԰ʿȫ˺Ϸ
ǣкܶˣ԰ӵ
д֪Ϣȴûʸ԰ʿҲ׷׸Ƕţ᲻֮ǰȥˣ԰С
ʧǣû˳ǽȥȻغ԰ſڣ·ͿԱȱ˸ֳ֪Ϣһ
½˽԰вһЩ֪ˡ
½ѩţȻҲˣ
һòӢӣ߾ۼʮòͬˣ԰
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½ѩ綥½ҵ֮һ겻ʮ꣬Ѿﵽ۷徳磬Ϊ˵ȴ·ҲѾ̤С
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һĿĴ󺺣ͨϿһŰƵĴ󵶣ͼֱ̫ˣһ֣ͱϳݡôģ磬ֻһң޷ֺš
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ʱȺٴһ󾪺½ѩУ¶ֳȵĹâӲԶŮӡ
ۣҲˡԽûкųɫ콾
ͬ壬һ˫̥ãȫ۷徳Ķ콾ŮЯЦ绨ͬʱ½ѩͷһģһ˺ѱ⡣
桭þò½ѩ΢Цŵ
½ѩߵЩ׷ߣҲ׷׸ŮŮҲһһ񣬲ư
һ㣬Ǳٴ߹һǳɫȹŮӣҡҷˣƮһ㣬һ˼ӡ
Ů˭ȻŲõòȺ̲ס
꣬ǳϺˣг壬ǧ˵Щ˺أвϵȺЩˡ
Ϻˣ
ĸ֣˵ͨʿĻʲôЧĸ֣ȴһףը˶ޱ𺳡
Ȼ⴩ǳɫȹŮӣ½ѩһȺˣȫ߹ŮӼ
С㡣½ѩһºЦݡ
㣡һ߹˵
Ǻá¶һ˿΢ЦӦˣֹ󷽵壬ʸ߹ţ̲ס̾
㣬˵īҲǳϺˣôԸȽϻãЩ
Ϊոպ´˵һ仰ŰϺܶ˶Ѿֲ²⣬ֱϺ˵ģȴûһ
һԵü΢һãʲô
Ŵ۾˵˼Һ
΢΢ҡҡͷ޷Ҳͦµġ
Щȵʵ㲻֪
ЦҴǰҲûֻŰż˵Ϣô֪£
ŶһȻ𰸲̫⡣
ʱ½ѩ˵ˣǽȥɣֺѵá
á΢΢ͷ
ʱԶٴһŮӣɴ߻߹


1071 ù
ŮӵΪжߣһȴǳǿһŮǰ漸Ůû˿Ӧҡҷ˵һ·ɵܵһȺʿ
˭ôǿ󣿡
İȥûм
ȷİǿ
ۣȻĿŮӣ塢½ѩЩ綥콾һŽɫƬʩʩȻ԰
ʱȺͻȻ˴еѽҵ԰ôûˣ˭͵ҵĽ𿨣˭ҹ
ܵ˺Ȼɢһɫ԰׵ʿ¶
ʿһΧ˵ң԰𿨣ŷҵҵĽ𿨱͵ˣ
һȻܶ˵ĿУżͬ顣
ŷҲǴˣȽּһŽɫ԰ƬҲΪ档ôҪĶȻܱ͵ˡҲ˶ǳ֪˵ʲôá
ⳡ粨ܿɢˡΪ԰ߣ֤ŷλָ֮һſԭſ˭͵ˣû֪ˡΪ԰Ŀڹȥû¼ҲһСЦ̸ˡ
½ѩˣҲѾ԰ǵĿ꣬ȻǴոմ̨
ʵϣеʿȫ
԰Ҳܺĳڿ֮ȴ˿Ļ档

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ʱĺ£ٴ¶ݣϣųīϲ
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ī˺һۣ˵ڲݡ
һڣС㵱Ҳ֪ôǰٱô֪ٱĸԴĶ
ī΢΢һ벻¾Ȼٱֱ֪
ٱԭҵͨЦЦĿһ۳īȻ̲ס̾׺ɣ±ǨѾ˷ˡϽ㱾ģùùúúÿ㣬Űٱƽ㣬Щʡ
ƽ⣿īٴα
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ҩֱӱۻ嫵˲ڳīбⶼ仰óīе𺳣Ҹ
īʡйֱ̣˵ʳ֪顣ĸ׵Ǽɻ䣬ᣬ׵䡭֪ܿɣ١īҪ֪ԼĸףǷ䡣
ϵЦݣһʧˣĿ͵ĿųīЩǸ˵⡭Ҳ֪ôش㡣
֪ôشǾǡţīЩץס˺»еĹؼڣʵģ
ȱ𼤶ϽָˡһỹҪμһսءµɫЩȻ˵
ùáīһνгЩİۣĿź£ˣңǲǻţģ
³Ĭһ£ͷţģҲ֪
ƭңīֱźµ˫ۣľ磬ô֪ܲģ
ùûҪƭġ̾һ㸸׵Ըǲ֪ģûҵ衣
ᵽīĸ׵ʱЩȻ˶٣ųī˵Ȼָһɣⳡսùٸúġ
īһȦ΢죬˵ָҪԷ⵽޽ɣȻǴ޽۷壬ֻ֣Ҿܴ
¿ųīСĶ콾ûô
ī˵ͬ磬޵еģ
¾Ȼīһ仰˵ЩԶԣǺðɣùôȥ˺ö˼أý㡣
˵
ý㣿īǳ鴤ţһˣ
Ȼһк˵ġµ˵үүӣ㸸ϴ㻹и塣
ŶīƽĻӦһû˵ġ
ҲֻĿһ۳ī֪Ĵ֮㣬ҲвѵĿԡꡭ¹ʶӡǣһǽӴ㣬ôĴڣͲɱĻᱩ¶˿ԽǺɱ㣬ǡδܵס
˵ţųīҪ֪磡ɽ磬Ҳûзž㵲֡
īһĿź£ãſɬĵԭʲô֪һɵɵڹ


1072 Ƽʻ
̾Ϣùò˵ʵһֺֻʵϣȷʵùöӦʱϣһݣܵѾʲôˡյЩѾ粻ٳ֪ȫ£ôˣҲΨһù̲ס
˵⣬µȦںˣһ˫Уˮۣùú㡣
īЩӵĿź£ܸܵ¶ֿĸ飬ûһα档ͷȴһƬãȻ
˽磬ƴŬ磬ѪħѹսսһСľͻٲͬƴŬɽ磬Ȼ˺ܶ࣬ȻеΣ
һ·ڵ磬ȴͻȻ䷢֣ǰ·ƺһӱˣҲһӱ˳ˡ
̵ʵ׷ɱȻһ·԰԰񿨡԰У˺¡Խ˵׼ܡȻ²ܻһһֻԼ
ѰĸףҲһȷ
ƺһߣͶ˺ܶǿֹˡ֪ΪΣīȴоԼ˲Щ
ʲô
һС֪˭˽糤ꡣ
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ý㡭ôİ۰
ҳī¿꣬СֻһүүĿ棬ȻҲýôݳ޵ˣ
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Ϊʲô֪ҵϢȴң
Ϊʲôֻǽɣ
Ϊʲô
Ϊʲô
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һɺ嫵Ϣ˲佫īӻ
ۣ
īֱһѪ
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ùã㡣īź£һлѹͷѾܶˣСһֱҡҪôһģҵĽᣬҲѾ⿪˲١Ҫллùýء
īֲһǵѪȻ¶һõЦ
µУۣųīܿˣԺ·ùûһߵģ
ҪԼ߾ͺáīź£ùϾûЩµʶӡǣһˣҲմȾùüȻҪ𣬾ӦԶһ㡣
⺢ӣ˵ʲôƨ𣿡ֱӾŭˣȻһ۵ĵǸԲ𡭡ùò㣬ϣף·ǵĸ׸㶨µģҪҵ㸸ףҪȳĸףҪϵıǿ˽磬磬ɽ硭ʵʲôԼ֪ڰУȴһֱע㣡Լ룬㾭ЩΣһΡ
īĬһᣬҡҡͷƺûС
ΪһֱڰпһɳһֱҲûùʧ¿ųī۾˵磬һлòͬн磡һСģͻ뵽ٲľءԡȻԼ㲻ҪܾЩǡ֪𣿡
īͷ֪ˣùáлл
ˣȥսɣǸСӣҿܲ˳ۣݺһ٣ֻҪɱô¿ųī˵йùøأ
ãһīЦ

Ǿ޴Ŀ̨ϣʱѾޱȵ֡
ԭֻмǧˣڲһʱʱȻۼˣ
ǧˣûһǷ֮
ȫǳ԰ĿƬ콾
½ѩƽЩ˵ĵֳղһһĸ߳
еʱֳգ״ﵽһ۷״̬
Ϻˣ
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˼ôģҲҪͿĽһСã
īƵĳϺˡűʵһʿѪʿûʸ֪Ϻ˵Ĵڡ
ֻҪ֪ݵģû˸ǰ
׼ϳսˮ壬˸к
嵭Ŀˮ˵Ϊ֮
ˮ΢΢һݣţǿ̧ͷֱӳ˫ڡѾǵ꣡
岻ΪЦЦͷ㡣
˵ĶԻ˸е𾪡ΪǴӳĻУƺѾԶ϶īͬǳϵĺˣ
£ˡ
ԭΪǸûκθ׵ġ˽ӣȴпǸˡ
ת䣬û˫ЩˣЩܲˡ
̨ϣһŮӣһŽɫƬ޳ָⷭ裬ǸոǸŷҵʿšŮɴϣżζЦݣСѾͷ벻㻹˸


1073 һ
Ůɴµкƣ˵仰˲䣬ƺôһĲܿʧָֻ˺ƵӡŮЦ绨ĵѾˣԶɹģ
˵ţɫ˲úѿҲᣡҰܿ˻ɢĽѣѸߵľ磬Ϊʲôôִţںϲôں֮һף㾿жǿһĿ˫Ǹ콾ӴԺңҾ㣬֣
ܵˣЩúŮӹ죬ʶȫԶһ㡣
Ůɴž¾ϣԵ÷ŭЩðɺðɣ˼ôһͻ֡󡭡һ·ֻɱʱһʹһ㳹ģ
̨ϣϤġϤʿ֮䣬ȫ໥ŹˮˣڳīĻ⡣ܶѪʿŰ壬﷢飬һʱ䷢͵Űȥ
ЩóʹŰʿ̲סпŰ塭н缸ûˡ
ˣŰĴڣǱŻӭ̬ȡܹ뵽ˣȫӵ൱õѪŰⶫҲһ
ɫڿ̨һǣſһ˵̨粻
û뵽īĵ̾Ȼôĸĳһйϵ
ڹȥҪɱī·һֿɼ飬ڡȴģ

ҪɱȴѾһɵ
̵ӻΪϧīԹЩ壻ھ԰԰ǸƮŮõĺ´ˡҲޱȵ̻
ԭΪֻһ˽ӣ˭뵽ҡһ䡭ȻǸˡ
ʵɱƣзݣСӣҸˮ˽а壬һսУͻף˽ӣ콾֮Ĳ࣡
áǱˮɱ
鷢ĸʺܵͣźǸŮˣǲųīɱġôͷ·ϣһ˺úùģ
ī
ʵޱȣ·һ˲䱻
ԵһӣƺܵʵʳϷģͷ·ϣǲ߳ġ
ʿһߵӣȻ֣ļ磺壬ˣҵ磬Ϊһ̣ʱΪף
һΪš
ʱ˿̣ܵĿ̨֮ϣ˶ڴŽһսʱ䣬ϾҪʱˣīûг֡
ˮȻɫƽȫӡʵҪīһս
ֵȻҲò˵ͷޡ
˾ǲһͬʿһ޵еģֵұʿѧϰ
ǰ˿콾ֵѧϰ
ս˵ǺѰһսɣ㲻ʲôҪǽ겻Ž˾ءܶ˶˵ǳīսǿȴû˵֮ǰйʲôսܸ˱ȣ
ǣһɽûõˣȻҲҸսֱ֪
˵ˣǴɽģǴ˽ģ˼˽ľ콾أ

ܶʿ籾ˮһȻ׽У˵ȻҲˮ˵Ҳвˣǲϲˮġ
Ƚ뵽ġЩû԰ƬʿУ󲿷ֶǲôϲˮġ
īѾʵ֤Լ۷徳˫˫ʤˣͬˮδؾͻ䡣
ǰ˵īûгսģǹªŰˣ˼˽硢硢ɽ硭綼Ѿ֤Լǣھ΢ʱ򣬰ӵ硢ɽ磬ǿ϶˼ҲԶˣ
Ǻǣºܶ콾ٶҶɰɣ
ֹ۵㣬۶ϣЩ˵Ŀб˵ЩﱻŰϣһɾ޴ķ籩Ҳ𣬾Ҫγɡ
ʱͻȻ䣡
䣡
̨֮ϣʱǧ˴䣡
Щˣǿˮݵλ粻˳ۣһЩˣǸ塣
ˮҲʿ޵У
˲䣬̨ϸ˱ĺȣ޵У
սûпʼ֧˫ʿѪѾʼ
ЩǣһȫȵûиŲ롣ЩϴŵЦݣЩвмЩޱ顣
ƯӺƺʲô
ߵȻСʵ㣬㿴˭ʤ
ЩεĿһãǻ˵ȻǳӰ
˵ˮҲǿһֱųͬ޶ء
΢΢һЦǿɲһ
ǰǣûлش𣬵еһĨǣȴġīһֱܴ󣬵ȴûԹĶ콾ոʤһҪҲΪǰѵ
ʵսޱȷḻˮô
ʱ򣬳īӰڳǵߵС


1074 ½ѩ
īľ̨һԾį̄һܵȺĿɨĳʱ΢΢һȴû¶˿ı顣
꣡
ӰµͷֻһӰҲһϳ

벻꾹ȻҲҲҪ·
īа룬Щ˵뵽ڵ
⣬Щ䡣
˿īվ̨ϣ΢΢ͷҲ˵һַǳ°ĸо·ûκˡ
̨ϵĳ忴ī΢΢ų̈ӵĳ࣬ĿеõܣƺЩһת뵽˵гīǳĿ˲ࡣ
Ҳ˵ֻҪԸ⣬ʱԻһףȺУûܹϵó
ֻǡ簡
ʿֶΣԶЩ½ʿġСʿСīƺЩһĿκţǳīʵĿ
ԼõܣҲе㱾µġ
ܿĵţõܣȻδӴУȴһֱԼ׵ˡ˭˺϶ϧһд۵ȥֹ
ˮô
ʱͬô
һ˸
Զһֱй۲ų壬Щȷī˽߳꣬ʮа˾žλΰ֮
Ϊʲô䵽˽ȥǾͲö֪ˡ̬Լ֮ǰˮĶԻܸоĳһûҵĺˣ
Ѿǵô
ˮ˵Ǿ仰ϣ¶һĨΪȻı顣ĵڵȷǵ꣬ҵĵ̡Ȼ󲻵ǿ
˵ˣֻһƮŮۣ˵ٴλع磬˭ܵ
ǴĿ˵̶ֳȡԿģ»Լ
ĿһȻǵˮЦ˼
ʱ䲢ûеʱԾܳīѾ̨ˮȻڵ
ҺͰŮǶЩִٲΪܲͶĿ⡣ǵУ˵ǰⲻҪˡŮϡ
ȷˣ
ЩȻҲõ˽԰ʸ񣬵ս֮Щ˻ᱻȥ
ã
˽ʶ˳īҡЩˡ˫ƺҲмӡѾЩ˫ƽ׽˺ˬʴ󷽣ʵҲǷ˵ġ
˫ʵˮû̫Ĳͬ
ΪǶһˣ
īύҲΪīȫ¡
ڣīѾչֳ൱츳ǿս֮󣬻˫ƺáûôˡˮīǰɽӱ֮ǵָо͸ǿҡ
ˮ˺ɣ
ţΪǲһˡ
½ѩϴŵЦݣžվ̨ϵĳī˵ͦ˼ġ
ѩ˵˼ǣһòŮʵ
ҿ½ѩ˵
ţѩ˵˼ǡӮⳡսòʮŮϴżֲŵı飬ȵĿ½ѩսˣɲǸ˫˫ˣˮ˰
Ǻǡʲôˣ½ѩЦ˵޷ǾᣬѾӵ˼߳ɾͣܶϱʿȫȲ˵Ĵ֮ΪˡһֳޣͬҲһѹںܶ౻Ϊ˵ˣʵûǸʸ񡣷ǳīˣҵǾãʸ񱻳Ϊˡ
ѩָӵݣòŮ˵˵ǳһĺˣ
Ǹûϵ½ѩҡҡͷ˽ľἰҲҲףȻûʲôңȴһġֻƽղмȥʵϣлᣬҵǽǶȥ׺쳾һߣһЩֻһԪͨ˵ʲôģǵΪа
½ѩߵļ׷ߣ˵īֺܴ쳾߳һ·ϣ϶̫ĥѡ˵˽ʱʿ㲻ϣֻһߣǸʱɱˣ϶һɹĳ硣̣Լһ£ݽߵĵطҲ߳һ𣿡
ѩ˵ǿ϶ġòŮ΢Ц
һȴ˼˵ȷܴôӵĻӱȷף
½ѩƽջ࣬ƺҲȾ̸˺Ũ˵磬̫ͬѹأһ·񣬶һѸٳ嵽ɽ磬̵ʱ䣬ɽ磬Ȼ硣ˡľǲľȴ˦ǲ֪ԶˮԸȻҲԸ˵ǣûиīϡ


1075 һȭ
½ѩֻܵͣ߼⼸ȫ½ѩԳī۸ˡľ콾жˣȻΪûīԹеˣ
ѩ˾Ȼ£
⡭̫˼˰ɣ
⻰˵ˣǵ½ѩԼͬĳī
ҪǴȥ϶Ȼ󲨡
õˣľ콾۷徳ʿȻ׿ڳԼˣ
޵еأ
һĴˣʧȥ޵еĵĶһֻԵĴ
ĶʿȦһ仰ų
ԣŮ½ѩ׷ߣ֮ȫЩǵĿ½ѩ
½ѩЦôΪˣģ޵еԶʧȥһ֮ģҴôᶨǿȥɡӦûǸȡ
ԶŰƵĴ󵶷ԼԵƽһֱޱһЩʿĳ۹ᡣ½ѩ˵֮ⷬȴƫͷһ½ѩȻѸתͷһĨͬɫ
ʱ򣬺³̨ϡ
Ⱥ¿ڣˮվ̨ͬһ㣬һ̨
־磬ݵأʲô⡣ѵˮһƼ򵥣ʵҪľ׼ƿأܹҵеÿһڵ㡣
һ֣ʱòʿһľ
̨ϵĳī̧ͷƽĿһһˮ˵ˣˣϽһ¡

˷˲һƬš
ȫһĿ̨ǵЩݵӰܶ˶̲סǳ鴤аһֱǻҪŰ˵ʿĺܺ
ˮûκηӦȻֽ࣬һ̨ǳź¹ʩȻʼԷΪ
´˼顣ˮΪӡ֮һĶԺ˵
¿һˮȻƽ˵ˮѽʵӡ޽ھ磬һߴ޽ڵĳīʵͬһս
̨һ󾪺ΪˮĽʵȫӡīһˮƽϡȻһߣѾ̸ǲˡʿ֮ľ磬ôŶȫͬ
Ǹеȵģˮʵӡʱľ׼
̫׼ˣ
ܽľ磬׼ķӡ̶ֳȣڳľʿԼġ
ˮųīһ֪ͬ磬ȫҵĶ֡
ǺǣȻ㽫ӡֻһߣ˵㲻ҪһǾͦ޳ܵġīһЦȻͻȻһٶȫˡ
šڸʲô
ףΪʲôҲԷΪ
ҵ졭ǿʲô̶ȣ
̫˰ɣȻмڸͬսҲԷΪ
ڳĺܶȫһۿīڸʲô̲ס
ûīȷԷΪ
ٶ̨ŵĳ壬̲סüͷа̫дˣ
ͬս㶼δˮĶ֣ȻԷΪⲻô
뷨ģˮһ
ǷһȻŻҵڸʲôȰȰ
ӣ
еע⵽ǶԳīĳƺȴûƣǿЦЦ˵ֵܾԸ񣬹ȻԻʤɡǡǡ⻰˵Լţû
һгīҪȴŲڡֻųīеΪһʱӶԼûˮôˣֻǽӡīͬ
̨ϡ
ˮҲīľٶòᣬˣųīȷҪô޽ɳھ磬Ҵ򣿡
ٷϻ֣ͬĻһ˼ûУһȭסīƽ˵
̨ϵЩȫҪȥĳ嶯ģ̶ֳȵˣ̫ˡ֪֪Ե˭
ˮҲѾˣųīϣһỹ˵óͬĻ
˵ţˮϣȻ䱬һơ
ⲻʲôϢһֵƣ
һɽȻʲôϢûУָֻߴƣͻηĸо
ˮ˿̣һɽ
վ֡ơȻȻľͳˡ
ְɡƽ
䣡
īֱӾһȭҹ
ûκ·Ǽ򵥵һȭ
ˮҲûóīʧ¶Цͬȭӭ
һ죬֮䱬
һĻȫĿɿڴ
ˮλˣĶ콾ԷΪ֮Ȼ˳ī󾳽¡
īһȭˣ
ʲôƣڳīһȭ֮¡Ǹƣ
ٴƣҲҳ
ˮ壬һֻߵķ˿磬ವһ¾ͷ˳ȥн˺ܶͷǿסΣ̨Ե
Ϊһ亹
ˮվ̨Եޱ𾪺ͷŭĹâųīһ
ǿѪ³ɡīɺƽҪǿѹȥ˵ĺء
ˣ
̨ľ


1076 ȭ
һˣʿ̳ڱȶԷ˰£Ȼһȭˣҡˣ

ȫԼ˫ۣԼǲǳ˻þ
һֱվ̨Եĺ£һĨο֮ɫͬʱУҲͬǳԾ
⺢û˵ѣͬĽ޵ˡ
Ҳ˵֮ǰľٶǿԴȫĿˣһ޵
ã
һ̣ۿЩ΢죬а磬㿴ĶӣܳϢأ
ˮȻųī粻
īٴοڣǿţѪ㲻³·֮ϣԿ
̨ϣ˵Ŀ⣬ȫˮϡ
ˮûκһ˵Ŀעӣڹȥܱ˵עӣΪЩĿУȫŨŨľηǿҵĳݡ
ָоԲ޵е
ڣЩĿУ˾ɲֻ͡
ۣ
ſڣ͵һѪ
ѪУ㡣
һȭˣҡˣ
ȻѪ³ˣ
Ļ˫īУһΡ˼ɵ֮ɫ
ϣ¶Цݡ
ЦԵǱǳɰС΢ţƱ𺳵˵
жǿҵ𺳡
ƽḧԵĴ󵶵Сǿҵս⡣
½ѩڵǣһյģߵЩˣȫľ˵
̨ϣһƬš
ûۣû˵
ԭֵŰ֮ϣһ̣ͻȻ˹жϡ
ûܸϵֳѪʿȫòУ֪԰оʲô

ˮһȻī˵ҳϣС㡣벻սȻǿ˫˫֮ǰϣԩ
ʱһֱͯӰ˫˫ͻȻѹЩãȻĿ̨ʵôˣ
ͯӰ̾˿ˡˣ
˫˫¶ǿҵ֮ɫ
ԶһЩĵһˣʧܣ
ͯӰ̾Ϣһ
˫˫̨ϵˣâ˸֪ʲô
īˮ𣿡
ˮͻȻһųīֱӳ
ŵŵţ
ˮÿһ̨̤ϣһƵ죬ͷ˸о൱ܡ
ƣ
һƣ
һִƣ
˿־ġ赲Ĵƣ
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䣡
һâˮбī
ͨ
һΣֱʩչ˾ѧ
һȭңҲҪ㳢ͬζ
ǿᣬȭͷܸӲͨ棬ȴͬ׵Ļ㣡
īƽĿˮое־ое־߶е־
ɽ
ͣʱŤռ䣡
˺һ
һȭ
ⲫ񶷣ȺʥںУ
ܹīһȭ̺ˡֳʮˣ
һЩ͵ڿ̨ϵĶڳīһȭӳ֮۾˲ɴ¶˼ɫ
վ̨Եĺ£Ҳīһȭ𺳵̲סһľʲôͨ
飡
īһȭֱˮâ֮ϡ
ˮϴ޾ЦΪȭͷܿסҵͨ
ɽţЦݾͳ׽ϣһ𾪵Ըӵľôܣ
ˮɫ˲԰ס
һ̺ɱ¾ͨâȻֱӱīȭͷ顣
Ȼֻȭͷһֲ˼ٶȡǰͫСԽԽ
أ
īһȭݺݻˮϡ
һ죬Ȼڳľųϵˣһ£ܶʶı˫ۣĿˣ
ˮĺһĲҽУֱӱɳ̨ݺݵˤ̨Ϳ̨֮Ŀյϣǵ涼ҳһӣ̳
̨ϣֻʣǵݵӰվǡɫƽϲ
ˮɳȥһ˲䣬Ѿڿն𣬾ӸµĿš
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ֳ֧īҲã֧ˮҲãеʿû˻ܷ
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һȭҳˣڶȭڶȭ֪ΪڣˮûܴӴ
̨ϵ˫˫ͻȻȥǴӱȥˮˡˮˣ
ͯӰԶˮ׷ߣ΢΢һҲ׷³
ʱ˿̣ǵܵģԼ׷ˣȻȭˣ
һһ硢ȫûȵĶ֡
ֽԽܡ
˫˫ֱӣˮ˳
̨ܿϵЩˣʱһƬȻ
ΪˮһѾϡã
˶׻ʹȥ
һȭݰ
ܶ˶̲סһ£ٴο̨ǵӰĿС˾η
̫ǿˣ


1077 Ͽ
˫˫˸ûطֱӱˮͷһ˴Ҵȥ
»䵽̨ϣսӻʤ
ܵĿ̨ϣǾĬôһ˲䣬ţ㷢һȻĻЩԴЩһֱֳ֧īʿ
ٸո֧ˮʿʱҲ̲סΪīȲʡ
ǿǿκɡ
īǿȻȫ˵Ԥ֮⣬ڳľʿñҪΪľʱֺȲʡ
ֻд޽ɵľ磬һս֮󣬻˭˵īеģ˭С˼ң˵˼Ǵ½ûӣ
ûʶӣ˵ЩԼɣ
˼ҵļʶһ·˽絽磬ͲЩֻ糤ʿܱȵģ
Ҫ˵˼Ѿ磬ɹܶ٣
磬ЩԼҪΪϸ֮⣬м֮µʿɹٵģ
ôһ룬̨ϵǸˣһû˿ϵ˼ҲȫʸЩվͬһˮƽϰɣ
ˣΪһսֱӸı˶ԳīĹ۵㡣
ȻôһˣûΪһս͸߿īһۡǵĹ۵Ҳܼ򵥣ɾʹ޽ɾм仹һءȫͲһ¡īڴ޽ȷǿԽ˼ͬˡȳ嵽ɾ˵ɣ;زˡ
Щ˳⣬īڳɵ·;زۡ
ЩжԳīǿɱ
һУı䲻һʵˮڸīͬһսУҰܸīīȭֱӴ򱬡
ϢٵŰϴѸٴ磬ŸķΧȥ
̨ϣŮվ뿪ʼգīûбֳ˿쳣ʵ׷ȥ°£
գʲôûΪпܻ˺ꡣ
ī֪Ƿڣݷˮͨʾ껹Ǵġûš
ӣҲҪ·ģΪҲΪһַʽ
Ȼôͻʱ䣬ü
īţȻŸոնЩ˱ȭʩ̨
ʱ򣬿̨ϵĻҡǵˣīǰ
ֵܣϲ㣡ǿ󣡡һȭͷ˳ī£ļ֮飺ոѸҸô񫣡̫ˬˣ
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ųīͷȻ˵¶ˣûǮ˰ɣ
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˵ţҲȳīʲôӦһһƵˣǾٶǸЩûĺӣǸǿеˡֻر˽˲֪㣬Ǹ൱ȵˣԶϱֳЩḡһ׵ˣôܻø˵Ƿ
īıӰ¶˼֮ɫ
󣬻˫һ߹ųī΢΢һЦȻսݺ콾ϲ㣡
īŻ˫˵ûôˣ
˫һЦһǿĶ֣ô˵˵ҸˮȻǶͷҽãڵãôң֮ǰֶô׽ͷҼ桭»ָˡ
īҲ̲סЦô˵˫Ǹ̹ϵˣûȥʲô
˹ǲҵɵ˿ҾѾܸлˡīЦ˵
ģĳϲѡ֮ûʲôԹȻǵˡŬĳȴ׷һ졣˫˵ţһ۳īȻ˵ȸˣ·ټ
·ټīӱ˫
ҿŻ˫һȥıӰ˵˫Ǹ̹ˡ
īͷ
˴Ǳ߹
ʱī˵ע⡣
Ϊ˵ʵںܱ£һͨĴֲϿһŰƵĴ󵶣ߵīǰֱ˵˵嵽磬ҵŸһս
ǳ˳飬īܵƽ֮һ
īͷߣһĿλûдϸܵκε⣬ֻǿҵս⡣һӾͶ˵˼ЦЦã
ʹ죡ƽŻҵͷתȥ
ӣ˽ˣΪԴ󵽼ˡ֪˶֪ƽôһˡ
½ѩãԼһˣҲųī߹
û뿪ʿȫһĽĿһĻĽĿųīǺһս֮½ˣѾ׵Ŀ綥ʿС
ֻд޽ɵΪûκˣС
Ҳڰ˵Űɣ·ģ
һˣɳڰЦ
ֻīûзϣҲû̧ͷ߹½ѩˣһԵĻҡ
˵λ½ѩˣλȿȣеֲλҲĶ콾˫̥ãһһ档λ
ҿŴǳɫȹŮӣԥһ¡


1078 ׷
ֱŻҵϻ棡ǳ㣡
ͷߣһ˲䣬ϳˣΪˣá
忴ųīһ˫Ǹ֮ɫҪڡ
īԶ㡣
һסЩ˼Ŀųī벻īȻ˵һ仰ȫ
Ҳ΢΢һ漴īǴУӵĹâϣȻ¶һ˿Цݡһöޡ
ûС˵ҲͱһѡԡҲԶģ
ȫһͷˮ˵ʲô
ī΢΢üģ
ҲẦ㣬ԼЦ˵
ʱ򣬺߹˵ϣȷûС
¹ùá忴£¶ĵЦݡ
¶Գ¶һЦݣôõҳˣ
ţǾöСܿǷ̫࣬Сֶܵᣬƽ˵Ҳֻһ档¶ΣרҹСܽ¡
̾һȻͷû˵ʲô
½ѩ״Ҳ˼лҪ˵¸ī໥ʶ֮󣬷׷ǡ
Ŵ۾ųīŶȻкܶ·ģˮ˸»Ϊܶˡ
ī΢Цŵͷлл㡣
¶һɰЦݣлңҲһֱˮллҽѵһ٣
ͷߵˡ
ҿųͺ£Ȼ˵ǻҪ̸ɣ԰Ҹطס£˳ǹȥͷæǰɡ
īңֿ˿ǣЩŹ֡
Ǹļһûоʲôȴɫ糺죬ųīȻӯӯһݣӣ׷㣡
׷ңīͷǰλɲƽƼЩСʿһɾĴʿ
һһѪ콾
ȻЩ˱в࣬н磬Ѿ൱ľ콾ˡ
ҲʲôˣҲˣһսػٵĵ˺Ͷ֣Ҫǡһûľءīǣʵкܶѡ񣬱绢ҡҵĽݴ磬ҾͲ
ºͳվһԣµĿһĻ
ֻǴһ׳գվЩԾˡȴֵܡʲôʲôҾͲϹ˵Ҽһͷ׵ĸϻҪ֪ҸôƯĹﵱ׷ߣ϶ҡҪøꡭ㻹Լ˰ɡ
ɫߺ죬ͷվĪǹӿң
ī̲ס˸ۣ˵⻰ô
ʵһ˵ҿﲻ߰ɣһˣЩҪӦһ¡˵ţǣɫҲ˵֮ǰ۲㣬ȻΪЩֶΣǡ
Ƕʱͷλˣִĸоȫֱӡ
Ʒлǲģ١Լĵޡ˵ţ΢΢һ٣Ȼ˵ԣҾڳīߡҲӦˣԼѡ񡣡
ǵģ´ˣ׹ݣҲԼѡ񡣡˵
ãôļ壬Ҳûκιϵˡ˵仰˵īȥ˳֣ҲҪôΪ׷ߣ㡭𣿡
īź£дһĨɻ˵
ͻȴʾīҪ˵
ǵͷ׷ߵʣҲԼӦʲôҾǹӵˣŮеһѵҪʲôҾʲôԶᱳӣ
ī֮ǰĲ׷ߵʲôֱڣףΪʲôˮ˫˫ƴҲҪԼ֣Ϊʲô˫˫ѹ֮󣬺ԹԵı˻Թȥˮ
벻
׷ߣ
ȫݺݱˮĮ飬˫˫ԼȴȻԹ޻ڣ
īĶ̲סЩ𺳣ȻȥǶԼ˳֣Ȼһ׷Ҫֱ̫ˣ
ʱ򣬺½Ŀת˳ī˵㣬Ҫʲô𣿡
Ϊ𣿡īһˡ
һЦЩ⡣
ݸһЦ΢΢ҡͷΪôͳ֮ܶ׷ߣˣģ׷ߡ˵֣׷ˡˮߣʵҲֻ˫˫Զˣ׷ߡͯӰʱǡ
˵ţųī׷ѡ׷ˣͬ׷ˣҲѡ׷ߡ˫һ壬빲׷ˣΪ׳һУ㡭ҲҪΪ飡ǵģ㣬ԽǿҲͬɳԽǿ
˵⣬һ۳īǵүү׷ߣ𡣡


1079 ΪʲôҪԹ
īԺУһڹʱּţֱ˱ڤĹײĸǣڤŭһ׷ظȴǰһ
˹Щʱ״̬ǸԹ޻ڣûһԥ
ʱīΪԼ츳ЩֲĴڣסԭЩ𣬶үүߵ׷ߣ
ǻԲͬʱһģүүҳϳ̶ȣģ
ǳΪǷҳϣȻδģ
ԭ׷ߵ塣ī˵ˣеѹȴȻǣѾΪˣֻһͿԳΪɣԼҲʸΪ˵Ĵڣѵģ
ȻһЦԼ츳ģĺܣǸһߣȻҲֹ۷壬࡭̤Сҡ׷ߵĴ
ôңīʵ
ƺҲôˣҲ˺ö࣬ͷǵġ
ǣðɣīڵͷӦϵĵһ׷ߡ֮ǰФУԾӡĵӣƺҲֻƽƼ׷ߡ
ǸʱƽƼǳī׷ĺ塣
ͷһƽƼһѡĻᡣīš
ǳųīӯӯݵڳƹӡ
һȫڳīˡ
빲
ʱ򣬳һЦ˫˫ǸʵȻ˵㣬ȴ㹻ҳϡˮӦҲ˵ҿͷ˹ˡͯӰˮ׷أ
µһ۳壺˵̻˳ī飬ȥһĿųī׷ߣ˵еġֵܣŮӡŮˣȥ˵Ů𣿡
īһ£һɫߺǣȻ˵ϲģȥ
ֻĴЦ
첻ЦЦ
ܺӣεĵһ۳īȻڰ֣򷢻ҺȥǱߣųīͳˣ԰
ϴǸŸһأѾüˡܵĳ裬ȻùƫģϴҾιһ£ùöã
īܵĳ裬ûиоʲô쳣֮ƺƽһЩɽĴ˼ҵĳء
²СԳī˵㲻֪ط԰Ľ˸ܽ뵽Ǻ¹ùճĵط
طܺãīɻĿų塣
忴һãȻĳīεĵ˶
⣿īǳ˳
⻹𣿡ɴ۾ųī
īĿų壺Ӯˡ
н㣡װͰ͵Ŀųī˫ȴһ˿šܸо˹־ǿʵϣһӵܣܾǿǹѪдӡ
Ա𿴳īֵһֱͦƽͣҲκų⣬˭֪澿ôģ
Щһ˶Ȼ̻Ǻġܶ嶼һźĹϵ˵Ҫһ·ӻī磬ʲô¶
ʱգһûйκζ
֪ѪħǶħԳīһҲûκηӦ·ɳīһ㡣
ԣ³һвѵĿԣɳīܳ
λ˼һ£ͬԼ˳īһУδػԭ¼Щˡ
īȴһֱƽų壺㡣
ͷߣֱˡ
֮ǰֳܶ棬ƫƫû֡Ҳ̫˰ɣֱһѶȶûУһսҲûУ
ѵͲʵʲô𣿡ãŻعųīװСܣ棬ѵһԹԶû𣿡
ʵģʵ㶼شˡҲ뺦ǣҲ뺦Լī˵˵ԹԡΪʲôҪԹԣǲǷκζΪʲôҪԹǣ֪һ˻ϣ㲻֪ж࿪ġ
ī˵ţһȦЩ΢죺ҴС֪ԼǸ¶׵үүǸʱҺԼĸĸһʣΪʲôҡ˭֪ҵĸĸͲһ磬ҲףҲ磬ɽ硭һ·Ѱ֪һЩǵϢҲһ㵱귢顣ܱˣЩ־ڵõĸϢ֮ȴ֣֪䲻ĸסֶᣡҶ֪ʲôʲôӣĺòãǲǱˣһСҶ
īۿȴЦſų壺ʱͻȻ֪ҾȻˣĹѪˣ㲻֪һ̣顣񡭡ڰսһ⡣ԣΪʲôҪԹԹʲô
棬߹ᱧסīСܣܿˣ
վһԣ̾кܲƽ磬˰ɣӡ㣡


1080 ī̫ǿ
У裬΢ЦſŽˣ˵ҶƳɵĲ裬ȥ֮󣬿Ըϴƽһ顣˵Žݸˡ
ͳī˵ȷЩѪĸо˼¶ġҪ̫õϤ̣ѾԺ˽ԷΪǵĹŵģͬһѪ
īһ±еĲˮһŨĿɬ޾ķ㡣ĸоھʶ˲ը˵һò裬īֱӾͽ硣
ǱߵĳҲһɲǼ䣬ҲĽ뵽硣
콾СһһοĿŮϴſĵЦݡûиˣҶƳɲ٣ȴһҶƶɵģ
仰˵ҶƳɵĲ豾Ѿ޼֮ˣīͳ˺ȥ裬޽еģ
ϣܹȵˣ޼һУǴδй
ĶҲҪ˷ϿɣŻ󡣷ԶֻǼƬҶˡ
Ժһ۵ĸоûУµƬ
īͳ嶼ںȻ֪ʱ˿̣ŰѾȻ󲨡
ոսһսֱͬһɿµķ籩Ѹٵϯн磡
νʮ꺮˲ʶһ֪
ī֣һս֮󣬳״н硣ǶʿȦӣͨʿȦӣȫ̸ųīս
нĴ֪ˣһˣ˽磬һ·ɨ˷ݺ磬ɽ磬磡
ˣȻ޾壡
ǻ˸߳һ󾳽֮Ů˫˫һսкܶΪǳīǰѵ˾ԵءīӮǳսȫƾֹ۵㣬֮ܶԱǡС󡢵ҩһʵҲʿʵһ֣
û˹涨ʿƾκֻƾս
ǳīһֱ޿ԵϹ˵۾
һֳۼ֤ԾǾ˫һ
ǿɲʲôô򵥣ڳ˵УûһߣҶϹܿīһ̺ɹ
ȫ߳һ󾳽˫˫ѹƵȫûκηأ
ǳīʱĺһնȥսѾˡҲֺĿս˶֪ī֮Σԭľ̫ͣеɾ˫˫
ī˫˫ͬһ磬˫˫ʩչĻᶼС
ԣûлˣóīʤ˫˫ǽңɷ档
ؼǺһս
īˮ
ˮ֣ڴ֮ǰ˾ֻ֪Ҫ֪ˣĸһţ
糬ҵˣ콾Ϊ˵ȴ·ûн׵磬ʿͷΣһ⻷֮ӵͷϡ
ȺˣһֱнʿĽĶҲʿǵİ
Щĳǽѵʱ˵һ仰ǣܳΪһˣǲѵ㣬㾡Դϣ𣿲Ǿ͸ҺúֺУ
һڷˣ֮ǰȴδ֤Լĳī֮սһޱ˹ע顣
ˮԷΪɸīһĴ޽ڣīҲԷΪӡ޽ɳڡī־ٶս֮ǰ˶ˣ
ֱΪ
֪׳աָ۳Ű֮ϡ
ҲǸʱ򣬳ī־ٶʿѪڣ
Žţ
İԵ
޵У
ԣսĹУŰĳ־ĬǶʱ˶ڵȴһսĽ
֮ŰֱӾͱˣ
Щ֮ǰʹī֪ʿǳˡ
Щ֮ǰѪͦīǵʿͬҲˣ
Ϊһ˭벻Ľ
뵽˳īܻʤϾī֮ǰ硢ɽݺ˷£ͬսУδܼȴûһ뵽īַʽʤ
ȭ
ȭ
ͽһӡΪȻ߳ˮ̳䳾ֱӴĻȥ
ֱλðһʤ
Ȼ֮ǰԳīİٱʫͶЩˣҲȫţ˵ĳīȻǿ̶ֳȡ
⻹
֮Աأ˾ηΪ;ΪǸȫǿÿˣȫս
Ҫ˵ˮսУֻо磬ûսǸһЦ
˶ԶʿȦȫ˽˻ô֮⣬˶ô롣
ôҲֵʣһֿܣī̫ǿ


1081 Ѫħּ
˵԰еսн֪һ½ˣԤϵĻһˣȻ󲨡Ӷʹóī֣нĻôڳīݣһѾĻ⡣
λΰˣ
˵˵īս˫Ҳޱȣ󡣡
һϢ԰ǳսս֮ǰѾŰϡ
ڵʱû̫˵ĹעֱսڳīϢ¶ŰϵʱǲͻȻ֮ǰϢ
һ֪ԭ¶˳īڵʱõĻƵĿǡ
ī֮󣬱ʳ׷ɱڳīҵĶԹ֪ĿԷŰǰ˷ϢѾ͵ĺ꾡ˡ֮һ仰ǣҵӵԼīԹĶԹȴΪī鵤õĺҵĸ档ҲҪһеĳһɻ飬Ǿǣǲ֪īⷽ츳鵤úҶԳīȻ෴̬ϣӦòѷ֣īˣǸʦ
ȻȷŷţΪи˵Ϣ
Űϣ˵˵īϢУʮ꾡¶˳ī֮֡Ҳ֪ʲôôǸʱѾ֪ôϢ
̵ӻīʣҰս֡
ȵ԰ս֮ϢһΣһΣõľǱȽϿ϶˵īȻеĳһйء
Ϊ˵Угһ֮Ů壬ˣһԨԴĺ´ˣȻóīùã
һеһУ˵ˣܶ˿ģΪܲĳīʮа˾šһĺˣģôӵ綼ܼݣЩ˼ҵǣ֪Ϣ᲻ơ졢ץ񣿡
Ϣ̫ˣ̵ʱ䣬н硣
֪Ϣ֮ЩīйصˣҲǷӦͬ
ҡϹټҡЩīжԹļ壬ȫܵһǿҵĺ⡣ԳīЩˣЩе־ˡ
īһˣ˵ǣЩ塭ҲҹԳīֳκε⣡
жԹҲᾡеӵҪơ
İѳīɱ˵ĻǻĴ
ûܹܵ
ͬʱЩҲڰңϹټҺңãǱ̵вȡţѳīִӼϳȥˡȻĻϢĻ뱻
־ŭζ벻һ˽߳ˣȻǿıĸ߲㣬ȫ˳Ĭ֮С
ԸǲԸҪıԸīĲˡȻĻ󣬳ԴĿ϶Լ
ڳһƺѾû䣬壬ʵҲûˡٸЩֱ֮𡣵ʵϣǶ˭Ҷһ˵ĻͻȻ󲨣
ʮãɼǵõ˻кܶࡣ
˵ƺһʣ³īһк
˭Ҷ
һƬңԶѪħҲյ´Ϣ
һ£ȥǳӢѪħ棬ԼĴСУ·һ޴ݻ鸡ۣǺڸ޴ǳγɣڻ
˫ݻ磡
Ѫħĵ
ţе硢Ǻӡڼ
Ȼƽ
žŹһʧܣǾ߷ܵСĴˣɽţһߴžѪķٴαѹܵĴˣǾ߷
ڶûȫָҲΪˣѪħһȫµĵѾ޵ĽӽǸľ磡
˵ҲøѪħ沢û˶Գīκθм෴ûʹ޹һԶϵСʿ
ǵģѪħѾ֪һֱԵǸǳīʵϣܾǰѾ֪ˡ
һֱڵȴȴųī硣ۿһһ꣬ͽķնȥɽ÷ȺͺͷΪɱķ
ȫû뵽ǣǸ˽߳꣬ȻܸصǸ島Ϲϵ
ǳϺˡ˵ǳĶӣѪħӢϣһĨʲôľɱ˸Ȼ૵ԭҪɱɱ
˵ţѪħֱӽһּȥ
Σڴнʧ
ĳ
һĵܣڱչأͻȻ΢΢һ¶֮ɫʦȻѶ
΢΢˫Ŀڸʲôã˵ī
ܽ촽Ὺϣڸʲô˹ͨԼһʱ䣬мһᡣȻܵУ¶־֮ɫ
ϺˣԭˡǺǣ˻ţ֮ǣ԰£
ĴѾǵԼû˵ô໰һĨ˼֮ɫţѶһӵܡһˡ
·ϣɱǸгīʿ


1082 
ŰȻ֣С
һЩûʱϵ֮ԹۿһսˣƽＸ磬Ű׷ԡһΣ̲סˡ
һп׺ˣŰ˵һ䣺ܹͬˮʿе˼׼·ϻһ㡣
һ벩ˣƺԳī⣬Ű±֣ˮʶһ㣬Լ˳аɣһ½ʿܣǵ£Ѳ䱻ΪˡǸ˽гīǰɣ·㣬ͷԷΪ޽ɳڸһսһףʲôŽˣ
Ҳе˶Գī⣬һë嫺ˣֵó⣺˵Ӹһйϵҵϣɳһգǳһˣ˭Ҫ۸ë嫺϶Ӧ壬վ˵仰Ǽҵ𣿡
һˮ콾ȻŰϷһţڱס
ˮȻŮӣȴһصĹϵĴ壬ǸСݼΪ磬ʵҲ൱ǿȻ˵棬ҲǸεġ
ȻʾīųӴ˽߳ݺᣬɽ磬ӢۣһˡĽѾãԸ֮ˣ̷ҡ·ϼ
׺벩ϢѾŰȻ󲨣ë嫺ĳ֣һ߳Щȫˮʾ
Ű屳ʿˣ
ˮųһŮ
ƺſɲԷģ˹ϵģ
кܶˣˮȻʾˮȴδκһйӦ
ûܹ뵽ȻԳīʾֱʿΪ֮Ϊ֮ŭ
ƾʲôѽ
ѵ޵Ƕ仨Ҫ˸ժûΪīܾ
Ҳ˵ˮһƿһ˼Ķ콾ľֻһƿһŮƺŵĻƿ˭ؼȥ
ܶ콾Ȼ̾ĿеŮҪԶȥˡ
ҲвݵˣȻûŰ϶Դ˷ʲôڰȴѾȻ˳ī
һ½ӣεºܡǶ仨ϺΣѾԶʱʮǰ
һôԻͣҲѾĻ
ϣһٹ仧ˣ
ֳһ壬ɳ˳֮⣬һ˭õóֵģгˣ棬кܶƵ
Щˣߣ
ԣܶԳһǲġȻϳһԻ͹ȴѾȫĳˡ
Щ׷ŵϢȫûӰ쵽ī
Ҳ
ڵ糿ʱ˫ۣԼһΣջ޴
һ㣬ֱӳ忪ǵϣŵȥ
׶Σѹ֪Լʱ硣ܹ·ʱ˵ģҲǸصһˡܶϱʿǵʿǡ
ΪЩ·ˣ˵һ׼
һһĵͽ׵
Ϊǿ·֮һ죡
ɾ磬һ嵽ءأߣ
и̬ģ˵ԶʱһˣԴ޽۷徳磬뵽·֮һ嵽˵أ
ֱ֮¡
Ȼ⼸ûô޵˳ˣȴȻкܶ·ֱ֮ӳصĴڡ
忴һߵĳīЩȵķ֣Ȼ״̬
΢΢һ¶ָ֮ɫȻվߵ档
¾վ棬ЦеĿų壺Σ
źʩһ񣺡лл¹ùá
°ڰ֣ЦŵùÿʲôùΣָǳһһŵͷʲôо
ѩȻ׺»˼ԥһ£̹˵еССʧ䣬ǿġʵųϺͷҫġȴκ͸ͦĵģԺ˰ҿˣҲôˡ
ЦԲӣʵһĵӣԺҪϡܵиҪ顣
һ£漴ͷˣ¹ù÷ĺˣҵΣҲжϾҲڵĳϺˣ
ŶԣĳųЦЦ
ʵϣҲѾ̫û˵ô໰ˣȻģֻһһɵĸ˽ȴѾǰˡ
ߣùôȥʶһˡ¿ų塣
һüңЩɻ
µ̡
̵ЩԾʵ
µͷ
ۣ̫ˣһֱҵİأһȸԾСŮһ

죬´̵ͳ壬￴һΣȻȥ
ʮ죬̵ȥҲʱȥҪȥ׼ˡ
Һǻ԰ѾЩĽȴ׷ʣΪ˵ˣīֻĵȴ
¶һ˻һۣȥ
ڶʮ죬Ѿ졣
Щˣ
СһһȻͦô죿ꡭҲûôʱɣ
Ҫô


1083 ·
һѾžģʱҲ̲סЩ
Ҫ֪ٹ죬·Ҫˡ
·ֻ죬֮󣬾ͻرգ
ٶȿǾǧˡ
Ҳ˵֮ڳīٲҲֻǿаˡ·һ
ֹ죬·ѾŰϵЩ־ϢҲųīûаϢƽ˺ܶ࣬ȡ֮ģǸֹ·Ϣ
ҲãѪҲã׷̤Ѿõ·
ܶ˶ѰҳīȴȫûгīӰڴ˳壬Ҳûʲôȥùͷ
īǴ˵гʧһںܶ˶ʼɣīˮһսУǲ˼صˣ˵´Ϊ˱·ϳ£ȥ·ˣ
뻹ֿܡк´˺̵Լ鵤Щǿĺ̨ϳīǿ츳ʣ㲻·׵Ҳ顣αطҪȥðǸգ
·ϳκ⣬Ǻģ
û취׷ģ
ô̻īҲ޷Ӱ쵽·Ϸ顣
Ϊ·Ĺ򣬵޷롣
īòǲ˰ɣ
˭֪أǲˡ
ԶһҪ׷ˮŮ޷Сֹš
ͯӰƺЩ겻ᣬ֪ʲô
˫˫򱣳ųĬս֮ԡŮǻһƵģóࡣ
ˮǾ͸ӳĬˣҪŪһߴϣԶͷȰ֮󣬲ŷˡ
һˣΪһʧŪһԴϣǻԺ
ͯӰ˫˫ûȰΪǶ˽ˮһղɱīϲߣҲŵġ
Ѿ뵽·֮ϡ
ȷһ·ȴһ·ûоͷ·
ֱͨ
û֪·ľͷġ
ʵϣ·ͷ߳ȥ˻·ͷģÿ˵ͬ
󣬵óһۣ·ûоͷģľͷÿ˵ĵ
ж೤µ·ж೤
ͬ۵˺ܶ࣬Ϊдʿ·֮󣬶˵Լûм·ͷȴͻȻһͳˡ
Ӧþǵĵֻܵ
Ȼ˵ÿ˶ͬ
·кܶķ֧¼ÿ·ͷ߳ȥߵ·һȴѾ˹ϵġ
ʱ˫˫һԶ˵߰ɣ˵Щûˡ
Զһ˫˫ͷûз
Ȼ˫˫һսˣȴûӰԶĿеԶ˫˫ˡҲϲˡϲע޹ģҲֻܷ
ʱһֱŰˮȻ˵˵ɱ˳ī
ͯӰ΢΢һһˮȴû˵
˫˫ԥ˵ɱܻ߳·
Ŷˮδŭֻǿһ˫˫
˫˫˵·֮ϣҪɱī˸ҪӦһࡣԣ˭ɱ˳ī¶޷߳·ңҾô˸趯֡īҲѻ߳·
ɱҵĲȣħˮ˵
˫˫һˮȻ̫ˣҪɡ
ǱߵԶɫȻһ䣬¶ɫ
ˮһ˹ɫ˫˫Ȼҡҡͷõķɷʽɱ˳ī
˫˫Ĭһ£֪ˡ
ȫĬīѾˣһĺˣȻ֪ĸĸϾλΰ˵Ѿ̫Զˡ
֪ģҲôӡ˵Ķӣһصʧˡλΰ˻бѪҲ˵
ڳī֮ǰһĺˣֻгһǸŮܶ˶̾˵ԶԻǿĳϼ壬Ҳûˡ
ںȻ˳īһж֪һ塣
˭붯һҪشۡ
ˮбɱīɣ
£ĺЩ콾ǣҲ޷Ԥ֪
߰ɣǽȻϢʱǰɱԶǡѾ˫˫пһЩ뷢顣
һҪ˫˫
ˮͷͷǰȥ
·ޡ
ʱѾдʿ̤·
ЩѪ콾ˣвĴ޽ϵʿ
Ȼ֪·ߣļʷǳ󣬵ˡ·ҵԼĻԵ
߲ͷҲܻԶòĺô
ֻᣬֻҪʿ
ڴ·Ѿһ죬īûЩǣ³ī»ǰɱԼոϵܵܣ
ԣš
׷ʿҲȫغߡ


1084 һ
·ĵڶ죬īȻûг֡
ڴҴҸ֮⣬ѾʿˣýȥˣѾȥˡ
·ĵϣ·ڴ壬ߵ׷ЩȲˡһŮˡҪȥ߱ߵȣ
һҲȰǰˣܸĻȿҲӦǡ
̾˿ٵȵȡȵ磬Ǿͽȥ
ʱܿ죬磬īӰȻûг֡
峤һɫϧҲмɣ˵ǽȥɡ
˵ţ̲סԶ֮ǷһۣǱȻû˹ҺҲһֱûг֡΢΢ҡҡͷȽ·֮š
һɴţǧһΣÿά졣
ʱ˿̣ҺҲЩˡ
ǻ԰
ǰЩ컹ַǷ԰У˿壬ټ԰ʲôˡ
Сôٹʱ·֮žͳ׹رˡЩԭȥüͷ
ǿŻҵҴ磬ҪȽȥɣѾ׷湫ӣҶȣ㲻ذ
̾˿ٵȵȣʣһʱʱȻûҾֻȽȥˣȷҪ·ǧ꿪һΣλ¾Ĵˡǧ޵ƾǵ츳û˿⡣ǿѹƣǧʱ˭ԤأҿǣܳϿҵ˵ȥˣҲһ㣬˽
һЦ֪ңһԼҴ磬֪ھ湫֮ǰҼݵλˣ˵һ磬Ҫ㡭ᱻų⡣ҽС΢ұϥΪǻãݵλ̫ࡣܶ˻ΪǴĳĿȥӽǵġһֱܹ߲εȦӣΪģֻΪӴǸȦӣ԰ʸûСҪԸһҰһ̣ǹϣһУЩУⲢʲôУȴѾͬȫԣһΪҳϵǸˣ
ҿǣȻЦֵˣһ׷ߡ
ҵˡ˵
ʱ򣬺´߳ˣ˵ӦǿҪˣ
̫ˣ¶˷ܵЦݡ
ҲһģȻѾҲȻǺܹܿ·ġô죬ľѾɹ̤ɾ磡
ȻֻɳڣЩ˻Ȳˣ˵Ѿ֮ǰζľˡ
³ͷȻĿһǣȴû˵ʲôһ棬Ѿ˵˵Ͽˡ
ʱ򣬲ܹĵʱ
ΪīֵܣֵܹزѾ㹻ˣ
Ϊī׷ߣɷ·ĻᣬҲҪͬˣҲѾ㹻ˡ
·֮Źرգʣ°ʱ
һģӰ·ſڣЩ̲סˣ
Ѿ죡
ʣ°ʱ·֮žͳ׹رգīûг֣
ġѵСĲҽˣģģӰϣ˲䱬һɺȻϢǺܷŭ
ӳǻᣬڰпţһֱȥֵһЩҲȥ·֮żرգġҲڱľˡ
Ҫɱīģ
õķּҪɱī·Ͻīɱô룬·֮ŵſڣͰѳīˡ
Ϊʡ¶
һ޽ڵϰˣҲֻˮְ׳գŻӡΪս
ɵΪΪʲôҪӡԼΪ벻ͨ
Զ飬ֻţôʡ¶ĸɵīΪһɱ֡
Ϊһ۷徳ˣһûУɱֲҪֻͼ֪۷徳ѾɹɱĴУ
Ȼһǵһأһǵء
淥ҲҲʿ
ȵ·֮ȥѰҳī̫鷳¶ԼݵļҲȽϴȻԸ޵Уȴǰ׳գΪܰ·еʿȫɵ
Ǹ쵰Ϊʲôˣ
ʱһһţ·֮Źرգֻʣһʱˣ
ʱ䣬¾֮߸ϣҲֻǿǿˡ
ʧȥģ﷢һͺ𣺡ˡҴ·ȥɱ㣡ʱ԰ﲻҲһҪҳɱˣ
˵ţֱ·֮š
ıӰոʧһ˲䣬ĵӰ˲·֮
΢΢üɱôôأ


1085 Ӷ
īҲоˣطɱһء
΢΢˫ۣ˫нֵӡţǵǰһ档ǸոǸһᱻŴ
Ȼʱ׷ͨԭոĻ棡
ʿֶΣ뻯Ѱһطȥһʱ䷢ʲô׷ݵˡͬǸǿʿôͨʱעһ㣬ǻԼڹĺۼ
Ǹ߳һĴܣҲ׷ݳ
Ǹû뵽ǣ¸߳ģֹһ磡
ң޷ͨ
¿˼ģ棬ɫ΢΢һȻѾǸ˵ĿϿ˵ʲô
ǵҪɱˡɫصĿųī˵
۷徳磿īʵ
սƺֹâ˸ʲôȻ˵ȥ֮һҪǧСģˡδ֣
ʲô۾ɴǲź´˵жϣҲ̫˰ɣ
Ȳ˵īѾֱӳ嵽˴޽۷壬ֻһ̤ɾ磬Լɺڵľ磬ҲѾ̤ɳھ硣ˣ˵Ķ֣
£һ۷壬ȷѹˡ۷ʿǣֻ޵ķݶ˵ϣݳ˵ʿԹ¿˵ɱ
ţ̲סһɫЩ԰ס
Ҳ̫ˣһɱɣ
ɲǳīִ޽ɴɣɺ͵֮Ĳ൱޴ģһǵ
˵ڰɽôѾɽˣ
𡭡Ѿ뿪ɽ
ܹɱɣʷϲûгֹ̫ˡ
ʱ۾Ȼ˵ƺһ¡ʮ꣬ȷƺǱɱġѵģ
ҡҡͷ֪һҪСġ˵ţһۿʼҡҷ·֮ţȥɣʱϾ͵ˡ
˵Ƚ˵ţֱȥ
Ǹû˵滢ҽȥӣҪڻǰͷ
µͷ治úϧǣ
īͷһ·֮š
ˣ·֮˲ʧ
վĬһᣬȻүӣҲᱣģ𣿡
·֮ŵ˲䣬ͽȫķת֮󣬷ǰ壬ûκӰ
ߣͬһ
īӰҲ󣬳ߡ
໥һۣ΢΢һЦ
̤·ˣǻϲĵ
ҵĵӴ˿ʼǰһ޾·˵
ī˸ǿҵĹâ֪ɽ٣һֳ
٣ǳһ£ųī˵òҪɽٰɣ
īЦЦʱһҪԶ㡣
ѣǿ϶ܵԶԶġǿŹһĿųī
ŰﲻˡŰ忴˼ۣȻЩƵ˵ȻĻԵõһЩõϢء
·棬ŰﲻҲ֡˵߰ɡ
˵˵·ޡǲÿʿλãδض
ҵͷƽеģλõȷǲһģԺܶͬڽ·ʿû໥Ҳ㲻ʲôϡ¡
ֲǸҪſڣ̫ˣոպ˵ĻȻЩ¡ܲϣǸˣٲʱǸˡ
ʱǰ֮⣬ͻȻһ
һۻĴϢ֮ѹǧķΧ
иֵ֯׷׳ֳ
мɳ̤ƣз죬иޱڡ
⡭ǡͻƽˣǵɴ۾һŵĵ·ĵ찡ҪҪô죿
ҵϣҲ¶֮ɫЦϣ˲ǸгģȻĻ鷳ˡ̵ġǱ̬ʱ䣬ȻѾͻƵ˵磬ǰѹƵжݰֵܣöСˡףī㣿
˵ţͷһԵĳīȴͻȻ䷢֣īȻվһ˫УȻӳֳǸ
ī˫ۣ·һ澵ӣ
⡭ǡҵһ̲ס˼૵Ӷᡭ
ЩãȻĿŻңȻ׷ʲô
ֱӳǵ䣬˲ɳԶ
Ҵ磬ʲôһãȻĿɫʮصĻҡ
Ǿҵĳ鴤ţ૵СӡӶ˵ĵ϶ǴϢϳǸ˭ȻĻҪҪİ


1086 ˵
Щ־ĿŻңʲô˼
˼ǣһ˼ҽĹУֱӽ磬Ȼʩչĳû˵ǿͨӶ˶Էĵ˫Ŀɾһֱ̫аˣ
һҲҸоı顣
ǳ鴤Ž͵ڽĹУ󣬵ӿʱ򣬶ر˳Ϊʿ֮󣬲Żή١ԣȻֲܿڽʿ˵һ㲻ṹ̫вֱֻӱӶᣬΣĺ˵ˡ
ôǺŴ۾Żң˵ÿ˽ʱ򣬶׷Σ𣿡
ǲҲ֪ΪǸҲĳˡ˵һ㣬뵣ģ˭ֱµġӶ飬Ҳֻ˵ûǳʶˡܹʱѾһ𾪵ˣ콾Ҳûмģյֱͨ죬û˵ֻһϵĵ伮ϣڵӶһ仰˵˫Ŀɾ㻹ǵóīո۾Ӱɣ˫Ŀɾ𣿡
ԭˡǵͷȻһƶĵǸһǹӵĳҡ
һĵʲôäӣǰ׷ߣĽˮߵ˫˫ǸŮ˲ϲˮҳϣȴ𺳵ġ
īվ·ڴڸոǵ˲䣬˲ӿһǿҵļ¶һϤĸо˲Ϯͷ
ǳīѸٵһ£óĽȣȴûκԥֱӴ߶һδʹùӶᣡ
īļǵôλڣ꽫дʱ˵һ
ŹУǺаģΪӶ˵ʵϣȴһִĹǸһҲ޵ˣǲӦģǿʩչҲ±롣ԽĸӦҲԽǿҡǶȻˣӶ޷°빦
ҪڸԼо޴ͻƾһ̲áڵʱĳīƺûʲôô
νԼдǶˣ˵ԼСӶеĵȻʲôǣлֻ𣿻ᵱͻƾ𣿳īÿ϶ǲġ
ԣѧ𣬳īʹûоԼлʹ
ڿϵôɣīȫûϵ¶ԷҲζ벻ᷢ顣ߣ϶дڻīżֶΣκ˶Ϊ
Ǳ֪ʲô
ֻ֪ԭӦùעԼеĴͻȻһӾûˣ
󣬵ӿһ˲䣬ʧһա
ֱҪˣ
Ҳˣ
ǱȽ֮ǵһˣڳī桭
ս٣е˱֮ǣʮֵ͵԰ۿ˳īս
·ʱҲȽ磬ֻ߳ľ룬ƺЩ˾ȡ
һ·治һߵÿ𲢲󡣲˵һ·񱼣ͿԱȱ˸ĵ·ͷ̫ǰҲԵΣա
Ϊ㲻֪˭㣬᲻ͻȻһ¡
·ϣиޣʿ
û֪·ϵЩʿǴʲôʱʼֵģƺǾʹʿ쳣ǿ콾Ȼʱ򶼲뵽·ʿ档żҲᷢҳͻ
·ϵʿ޷뿪·ǶǿǱһ
ʿһҲıܿЩʿĵطȥ׾Щ·ϵˡΪĺء
ᱻ·µ췣ֱ
·ϵһɡÿʿȫ֪ǵĴڣǡ
ߵĲ죬Ϊľ缸ѹƲסˡ
ӽ·һ̿ʼͲϵ嵱ӿطҪŨʮϣ
Ҳѹƣ׼ֱӶɽ٣̤磡
ԣһȺʿͼ׷ߵĻ֮£һ׼ʼؼľ磬Ȼ׼ӭ٣
һԲʮﶼ̵ûޣҲû·
ЩѾ·ʿҲ󲿷ѾԶȥ
ô˻κⶼһһʧ顣
ζû뵽ǣľѾƣҪϴӵһ˲䡭еһУȫûˣ
ʧˣ
˶ֱˣŭҪץ
ڴʱпʼĽƣµÿһɳмɴ֣ڽ֡
ټ٣


1087 
٣ÿһʿ޷رܵġ·ϵĵ٣
ҲΪʲô·Ͻ׵ֱӳ嵽ܸ߲εԭ֮һ
һŹ٣õĺôҲһϣ
ԭеӳ֣дϴ跥ëϵĸַŹ·ϵĵ٣˵һѵ顣
ĵˣɢˡۿеټ٣ǰδеһǿҵĿ־ͷŭ
ô죿
¶֮ɫҧȡΨһһ
ƴˣ
뵽
µҲֻˡ
ΪǼϣò
ֱӼһ˲䣬Уһ޴ɫ磬һɫݺݵĳ
ݺݵĺǼ棬һ춯صľ졣
¡¡
˿ûǵɳɫ磬ȴһɢˡ
øոȫľЩʿ׷̲ס
ǸոȻҲȫо쳣֪ΪʲôеʹӿĽЩŽĶȫһӲˡȫһǿҵĵǡ
ڿ׵ĵס˵һ٣ȫһ
ô˵ֻҪŹ٣ɹ̤磬ôǳɹˡ
ṳ̂Ȼףᣬɢһô⡣
Ĵ裬ȴˣ
ȻǾףҲʱֳΨһԸܹɹɹ٣̤磡
īߣȴһ
ĵӶķΪīϴ跥ë
澳֮ж¡¡Ĵ֮
ԶĻҺȫ𾪲ѡǸодڳīϷȴȫ׾Ĵ¡
īȻվ˫еľѾʧȡ֮ġ˫пʼݻ
ǣ¡
ǹãǺ¹࣬һŴų⡣
Ҫ𣿡һĿųīķ̲ס̾һϵ̫ˣһΪѾ˽ˣڲףֵܡҾȻȻһ֪
ڵʲôǵ۽粻ָ߲ͣεļʶҪȻҲ˺ܶࡣ
̾ϢҲ˵׼ֻеϱ˵һʽ½ԣʽķʽҲǴ˵веġʷϣûмһ㡣
½ԣдżãȻʾ⡣
ͷҲ̫ףǺ
һɻֺϢ˲Գīбֱʣ
ɣҺͬ
һΣ̫ˣ
īȻֱ̤ɾ磡
Ϊٶȣֱ𾪡
ܴ˵д޽ɽ·ܹ߳ôͻƣûҺǸе𾪡
Ǻ𣿡૵ȫѷɫκ˵ʣȴΪ˽磬˺ܶ꣬Ҫʼϳô
Ҵнȸˣһ˵
Ȼˡ˵飬ͱ׸ϳҲ̫û˰ɣСҵ
˵ţϥһʯϣȻ˲ͽ統С
Ŀһۻң̲סֹ˵𣿾Ƕûô׽Ϊʲôܣѵ˵
ֱʱźȻЩףԭһֱЩԵλҴ磬ȻҲһȫѷɫκ˵ľ콾
ҪȺܶˡǿ
ȻһЩУѸǿҲҪŬˡϹӵĺȡâ˸¶˾ġ
û֪ī֮ǰһµĻԵ˵
ڳīЩĻֱۣҲֻǱˡ
ڽɾ֮û˳Ƽǰ壬ǿʼʵԼĵ
еɫ̨ʼĴ˷Ԫغ͹
īеķҲһ˲䣬ֱһȫµĸоֱӳ뵽īľʶС
ĵľΨҾУһֱ̣ӳ뵽īĵ̨֮ϡ
ת
˵У
˫ͻƣ
ī̤ɾ磡
¡¡
֮Уۣ׹٣ֲ˹
īʱ˫Ŀ⣬Զգۣ룬ͻȻȡ߱죬Ǹ߱
ȥһ¸Ͻܣ
ಣ
߱˲ʧߵС
ǱߵĻҺĿɿڴĿųīȻ໥һۣҪ


1088 ֱӿս
ڴʱ֮⣬Ȼ䴫һ񱩵ŭ
꣡
зڹĽƵУͻȻǷһʼķ׵磬֡ŭԭֻм߮˲ǧ
ҺĿɿڴĿţ˵гǿ𺳡ǵĿЩȻ֪Ǳ߶ɽٵ˭Ȼͬ˵ĸо
ɽ٣ͻȻ䱻ôһ£»
ָоǳһֻӬ֮󣬷ֻһֻǵ㡣Ӭĺ棬һͷӬҪв
ö𰡣ѵǶɽٵˮĿɿڴĿţ̲סСֹ
ǾµӴ˿̳׽Ӳ૵ǹӸɵģ
ಣ
Уһѵ˻
䵽īС
ѵһģʮŭӰ
ֻһۣ̲ס鴤ǵԭǡ׼սɣ
ǴҲȺ˵ķϿ˶Էݡ
ң
ֲùӻôУô֣š
ľ룬Щʿ˵Ͳʲôת˲
ƻҼҹӶɽ٣ɱ㲻ɣһʿŭ죬ī
˼棬ۺ죬ҵˣûʲô˵ġ
һ۷徳ʿ·ΪԼΪ˱塣
Ϊнеһˣĳɾͣϵδܶ˥衣νΡΣҲ·ϳκʧ
ʵʧѾˣ
飬ֻԼػȻԣȴ̫࡭ʧˡ
ɽپȻʧˣ
ոͻȻֵǰѵֱӳٵĽƵУĽһٽġסͬһŭľǿһԭƵͻȻñס
Ϊᣬɢ˴壬һ˲䣬ٸ
Ǽţ嵱͵ò
ûɽٿ϶ʧˣˣѾȥٽ塭Ȼ۷塣֮ľ绹µ䡣
Ҫģǿŵģ᲻˶ȥؼ⣬ҲȺ˷ŭ;ĵ飡
˽ֵ֮ŭɶҪʬΣ
˫ûκν̸ֱӾʹˡ
īһն۷徳ʿƽ档
ʿҧгݣСȥɣ
־һͨ
ī
ˡǳīϵһʿĿѵĴҪʿ
ʱȴѾˡ
īһȻԴһȴ֮ǰ˫˫ǳսʱ򣬸Ӵ죡
һʿͷųͨȻбնʿ

ʿʱҲѾʶΣҪˣīٶʵ̫ˣ
գۼ嵽ǰ
ʿɫ԰ףоǾ֮ɫ
꣡
īһȥֱӽʿնϡͬʱնϵģʿĵ̨
ûдﵽԪһʿ̨ԪСˣһ³ī
ûߣĳ˳ī
Ҫųīͬھ
ҪԴϴˢеĳйķŭ
Ҵϵ£ȫ֪īĳУ
ｫīɱôҵĴӢۣҲֵáΪĺˣ˶ҵĺᱻ
Ըõģʵȴǲпġ
īԪ־һƣ
飡
Ԫֱӱīɳȥ
ɵķҵʿ
ʿȫŵûɢûüߣԪȻ
嫵ˣ˲佫ŤߵɾʿҲֱˣӸϴڿѪĵȥ
ī㲻ݣһҵʿϱױȵǿϢͬħջī
һɣ
ɣҪ粻Լ˲ݣӶôĶǻүңҴţֱӳȥס
˫ֱӾʹս
ûʮغϣɱ㱻һƸԴȻȥһ˵̨ѾԪһԪڱԴһ˲䣬ͬʱ顣
һɾĴʿ䡣
סһڵʿ
ڵʿЦſǣСˣһո̤ɾҲңȥ
һ
һֱӾٽӭ
ϣ
бһ춯صľ졣
ҵʿһѪ˳һĿǣ⡭ôܣľҡ
׳գҲˣȲ㣿˵ţٴγȥ
ŰŮһսľ飬Ȼޱȷḻ
ˣ԰ſڣôӱ
ʮغϹڵʿһ룬ԪҪߣȴֱӼһֱӻ顣
ô˼ҼҲôһ
գһŮ


1089 ȸں
ǱһȺΧϳīʿУҲɾĴʿֺսޱȷḻûд󳳴֣ûзųʲôݻֻпֲĹһī
ɾʿ
ɾʿڣɺڡ
˵൱Ĭ˴˼·ͨȻī˺ܴš
ڳīһڵʿն䳾˲䣬ϣҲ£īǣʱһ˿Ѫ˫еս⣬ȴǸǿҡ
ͬʱгīһɴʿ̲סеľʧȻǿᣡ
£һɾʿһ㲻϶ҲҪˣȴû뵽һڳīϣȻֻóīһˡóīûɵһڵͬ顣
飡
һɴʿ۳һ޴ȭͷһɽݺī
ȥ
¡
һ졣
ţҵɴʿһĲҽУīΣȻȭͷг˳
Ǿ޴ȭͷϣѪעһѪӣ˲
ȭͷϣҲͬѪһָϵˡ
īϣȻ˺ۣսȻûܵκӰ졣
СʲôʱɵģôôͳΪɣһɺڵʿŵŭ
ۣ
īһնȥͷ­ոգ
ʱ򣬻ҺǶѾԻɱ֣߷
ʣµɣһںһɺĸ˵Уʱ¶֮ɫ
໥һۣȻ䣬ĸ˵ϣȫһɺ嫵Ϣ
ͬʱ˵
ĸʿȻҪͬʱԱ
ҺǶһҲ̫˵ɣԱʹ࣬˵ܹܵġĸˡȻҪͬʱأ
Һ˲û˿ԥһ֡
ֹһһ
ΪʱҪߣѾˣ
Աҩɣ
īһֱӼ¯
ɾ֮ڿԷӳ¯һǸ򵥵ߣһĪ
ˣ
¯洫һɺΰֱӽҵʿȥ
ţ¯˲ͬһɽ޴ֽɾĴʿ˽ȥ
īһ˫У⣬еɫ̨ת£߶¯ҪĸҵĴʿ
бǣ棬¯û
ҵĴʿڻ¯зĳû¯޴Ҫ¡
Ǹܳ¯淢󰧺ֻƬ̹ǰֹͣˡ
𽥽С¯ҲһССɰƴ󣬻صīС
īһĿӨĵҩɫһЩʿһѪ֮󻯳ɵĵҩһСⵤҩš
īǺͻһЦһš
ҺᶼЩɵˣⴿЦݲõĳīŸոһĻ
ߣʲôŮȻ֪нţԽʿһоѪ֪һ£ۿȴһ¡ȫ𺳵ˣĿųī
ôҲ̣ī̾ϢһԼֶ̫һսУô³Ǳ˻ɱ
ͬκȥĻᣡ
ܽԷɵҩĻᣬ϶Ҳ
Ȼǡ˵ֻǺ桭ֵܣ㵽׻жֶΣ
ī˸಻࡭
̲ס˸ۣҶ̲סҪ׷ˡ
īɨһۣģ
ЦЦġ֣ûԼԸ⣬ҲԸ⡣ҪǸҳΪ˵׷ߣŻ
Щ־ĿųīĿŵҩ૵ҡҲҪҲҳ
ҿһǣЦԽǿʿѪԽޱȣҸұ֤īƵ⼸ŵҩÿһš޼֮
㣬ŰɣҲҪдżη塣
ҹЦֱӴӳīнӹĿŵҩȻһ۳īԼ
īҡҡͷҲеġ
ҷ˸İ۸īȻ˵Ժж١㶼ţҵ飡·߳ȥֱӳ嵽أ
ʱīͻȻоһǿҵĲ壬У˲â
ϣ
߱գɱ
īؿڵĲ⡣
лûջȥĻ¯Ҳһ˲䣬ڳīͷ֮
飡
ī壬ֱӱȥ
ӣ˲䱻ã
䱬һѾ㹻Ҫ˳ī
߱췢һɨһâУһʹһӰ˲Զݡ
ֵܣ
ӣ
Һ˷һȻͿųīͷŵֻ¯ֱӽīսȥһâ˲ʧ
߱Ҳһȥ
ϣҴȡ
ǵɫ԰ѩûȻҺѾȥˡ


1090 
ԶУһɫ԰׵ˣؿڣ͸޾ĺȻһǱ
Ѫ˳ָʳո߱һӸնܵĿ죬»ᱻǰаŵĵֱնء
ϧȻûһγɹɱ
ˣȻ֮ǰһֱ·֮ڴˡһֱųīĲһε·Ȼ֪īΪʲôûг֣ЩӸ˽⵽ĳīţīǸӲͻص˻
ȻīҪɱĿ꣬ҲòϣīǸ㣬൱ִŵʿ
ܶˣⷽ棬¶ȳī˺ܶࡣ
·֮ҲδԶҪȵ·֮Źرյһ̣Żġ
Ȼûʧīǲʱġûڵһʱͳ֣ţֱѹˡȻûçײ
Ϊѵʱһ仰ɱõֶξǳ䲻⣡ǿˣҲиʱǸʱ򣬾Ƕֵʱ
ҲʹҵʵѹԷӲĵ潫Ǹˬôشġ
ʵѹԷֻãʵδġеƣ˼ͬҲеƣô֪һѹԷֵĻᶼûУοԷʵ㣬֪Էжߵı죿
ΪˣҲһۡ
ǸʱֻһɾʿɱһĿֻ꣬д޽ɳھ硣ʱĻǷԲǧﶼụ̂Ϸ֮ģҪèϷһϷŪһԷ
ǣ͵ϮķʽԷ֮ҪӶԷեһô
û뵽ǣǸһϢĴ޽ʿֱӼһ˸һֲ㽫
ǸҲûܵŰɱˣǼҲ䵽
£ȴһ̵ĽѵĴӴԺֻҪǱƵͶ·ĵز;潻档
ǴεĽѵĳɳɹİɱĴܣͷ
ĵǰɱ
ѾкܶûʧֹˡˣȻؿڵѪֹͣʣ֣һȾѪ֣Ų԰׵ϣ¶һ˿ЦݣһΣǲܵġϾȻǿƥķܺáһעǵġ
˵ţνûУʧ
¯ųīһâֱʧУڻҺǵķӦȻޱȣȻī׷ˡ˵ɫʮѿֳǺ
Ӧ뵽ġҡȦ΢죬
ңоߵģ´ѹǡʱ̫ˡҵ֪ͬīȥҲ֪ôˡ
ѵҩָšԥһ£˵˿ڣҪıǿ
ûκԥĿŵҩȫ˳
ֻҪšǴӻȡţһģһ΢ġ
ҵҲ¶ǿҵķŭҵǸˣȻһʬΣ
˾ҵطչʵȻ취Ѱҳī
ʱĳīѾ׻ȥã඼¶˳۷ʿ͵ϮеȫһһʿȻм壬Ҳ类ֱӴˡ
澳֮壬˳īһ
Ҳ̫ˣѪȻϵʣ¯棬һƬʺ졣
īؿڵĲУһŮ磬ˣ
ʲôˣңѪµ֡
ǵ⣬ոΣѾǰ֪ΪʲôǰʾŮٴ
Ѫ³Ĭһᣬ˵Ҿⳡѣ˵Ǽ£⡭ҳ֮ǰҲԸΪı֣ѾõҵͬҲẦ
ŮЩˣҲ֪ѪµĻеȻЩ̳ī˳
⣬ҲҪ̫ѹ¡澳֮ҲҪϵĴܸǿ󡣡һǲϵıܻѪ£ҲҪĥ£ɳȻǾˣվһ¡
ǱѪµҲһߣܻ˵ĶԣʵûָӣѾϰˡ飬ֻ˵һ⣬ǸҲǿǳóϢʮ²ȫԶܷӳȫֻܷӳ֮һȻĻһɣһͷѹˡ
ʱ𣺡ȸ˰ɣʮãվ¾׵졣
Ѫ´˿ȫĬã˵¾ô֪ڲλˡһ㶼ӦǵϢ
⣬Ҫǻҵǵġ
ʧ
ҩģӲзɳ¯Сī˸
Ȼ󣬻¯תʼ
ܿģīƵ壬㱻Щҩҩ֭ûֻʣһͷ¶档
õ壬Ҳڲϵı޸С
⣬ľΨҾľģҲʼڳīľʶת¡¡һһ顣


1091 Ŭħ
˿̣īԶĵطһһŮӺƯʸ߹ӺӢݸ㣬֮ɫħСˡ
֮ǵЩûиϳīǳս֪ͽ˱ӻħСҲûпȥСʼչעŰЩڳīϢ֪īݴͷ˷Ĳ١
ͬʱҲЩΪīеǣϾһ͸Щ˶ϣܸһֲ̫ȫĸоЩǡһģɶ׼
ҪȺܶĵܸӹâ䣡
ΪֻҪǴ·߳ͻƵϾ硣
˵˵УҲִ޽ɽ·߽׳顭̫С
īܴӹȥڣһֱֺվǱ̫ˣ·߳ʱֱܷӽ磬һδ֪ô࣬ôЩ˵ǿѹҪεֿ
˶ԴˣҲΪ
ɽʱ򣬿ݺᣬԺɨ˷֮󣬾˶׼ȴȻĵĸо
ľ콾ʵ̫ˣ
Ҳ̫
ｮֻһռݵضѡ
̫ྪž޵콾֡
Ȼ䶼ѾСˣ˻ܴĸоҲŬԼ̬ͽЦܳī϶ῴǵЦСҲãħҲãϣͨԼŬȻܹͽһ
Ƿͷʲô鶼ҪͽܰæȥҲħԸ
˵ĳɳʽʵЩˡСħԣЦ˵㿴ī֮ʵѸֱšҵԼˣôҲԷˡ
ħͷС˵˵ǲŸĺȣܰæͰﲻϡ
ħ˵⣬̾һԶ㡣
СһħȻͷ῿ħϣ˼³Ϊ׸һЩǿʿͨв
ħͷ磬ʿľǿʵ̫ˡ
ʧȥôСʵ
ʧȥģǺǡħЦ֣Сϸ֫
˵˵СȻ˵·ϵľĺŨѾоҵľ缴ͻƵɲˡ
£Ҹ㻤ħһġ
㡭СЩǵĿħħԴӷ֮ʵ˺ܶࡣ
ʵҲûкؼǸīС˱ԵЩˡʵЩͨʿ˵ħٶȡȻҪġ
īͲ˵ˣǷһһΪԭ䵽˽ľ콾ӵ˿ѷɫ綥콾ʣٶȿ쵽Ŀࡣ
СΪ׼ʥҩɣѾﵽһµĲΣħЩ⡣ΪٶȡƺѾ˿ѷɫЩˡ
ȻСеϲģȴڵħ᲻ܵӰ졣
ͽܣȻӡȫô㣬ٿԼƺԭ̤̬˶С
ʿҲˣʥˣһһи
ħС֣̲סЦʲôأΪһ˷ܵʲôЦɽʱұ׷ɱǶնͦˣһжѾܺˣôܻȥɣҸ㻤ֻҪΪ͸û㱣ˣ
Сˮ֣˵һһһ
ҲǡħЦ˵
ЦħֻеСͳīʱ򣬲Ż¶ɵЦݡ
СֱչأҪɾ硣
ħҲûţʼķʱѾķĵ
һķħİĴ
ΪٶȽġȴΪ֮ķԵĺʵ̶ȡǰҪˣ
ȻĻƾħĴڷܣٶȻСҲôࡣ
ڷĺʵԼĵ
ֻûиС˵ôװˣΪħͬҲǺǿĵģȻ˵ԺСǿ˱ȻϣԼܹİŮˡ
׼һϲ
ֻҪķеĵ͸ħţΪٶȣδػС١
Сڱչسħڲķ
ѡطǳƧ󲿷ֵʿʱӦöѾ߳Զľˡ
ѾУһؼľϯĸоޱġĹǿģһ̣ħûκοĸоǳ˷ܡ
ԣͻͽΪʲôҪе
ŶԵ򲻶ϼħܹоؾŨ̶ҲڲӵС
ʱһ˵ͻȻԶ
ףǿǰ棬ƺǳŨ
Ǳ
ǹȥ
Ҫ˰ɣǾԶˣΪʲôҪȥ
ǾŨ̶ȳ󣬿ʲô
˵һȺ˴Զħ
ħֱֹͣľ磬Ҳͣڴ޽ɺڵˮ׼ȴʵޱȼ̣


1092 
ƺܷйĲɣԶˣΪʲôҪչȥһ㿴һˣײԷ˳ͻǲҲʹ
ߵļѣȫֵ÷ǳǳȤģҲǿоܾЩ˲ô˵Ͼͬ飬Щһֱҵˡ
԰ǱߣƲûнϣͬһŽɫĿƬáΪԼľ粢ûôߣҲȺ档
ȻЩǣųīڲī棬Ϊ棬֪˵ʲôĳīѾǵǸڻеˡսȺǿ
ʹļǿƣȥӽֻԼĵܵ㣬ȥаһ¡ֵСӼ򣬸աºݺһ٣ֱӸˡ
㾳缫ߣλУ㣬ȴ־£ǡ
֮£ƻǸԸЩСͬһ٣һЩûôѹ
ڳīһսȻȻкܶ˶мɷϵǣīȫʼЩᲢˡ
һΪīеˣһߣȴЩˣȥģȥˣ͵һΰɡ
һν·ҲǱ˾Ҫ·ֱӳ߾硣ֻǣ̸ף
ʷһЩӣ˴޽ɾ·Щˣһͬʱٮٮߣž޵콾ȻϲȴҲȥЩᲢۡ
˵ֻҪܹ·֮У̤ɾ磬Ѿջˡ
һֱʾ⣬ƼȻīʶǾӦȥΪʲôһԼĵܵȥīһȴҪװʶģ涼
ϲĲĲȴϲơ
СȦ֪飬̲ŶƵܲ⣬Щֻǲұֵ̫ԡ
һΣһ·̾ӸĲһûᡣԣһ·ϣ鶼ŹĲߡ
Ρ
˵Ҳûô棬ôȥᡣĲ뿴ȫ֧ˡ
ˣҲǴСѣԼ֮Ĺϵ֪Ҳ廰ĬĬĸŹˡ÷Ҳʲô⣬ǳײˣҲûʲô⡣
Ϊǵ棬ǸľŨ̶ȣҲǳ棬Ҫ֪ʲôԭʲô
Ⱥ˿ħ
ħʱѾֹͣŨؾҲʼɢȥĳĿǰȺŮЩǿģӦǸƯŮԱһòӢӣ˵ϣһơȻѾ뵽ɾʿ
ˣӦöڴ޽ɾ磬һȥͨ˼ҵĺӡ
ħû˵ֻǾĿЩˡ
ոĲһħжپЩʧԭһأлΪһ׷ߡ
Ȼʶˣ㡣Ĳȴȥ׷㣬Ը⣬ҲԸ⣡
ڹĲ棬ѽƵԼĽнȥСӵ׷ߵĵ˵ں㣬ΪǸĶȻԳīôãǳʡ
ǰλʲôˣϵϢжϣӦþһ޽ɾʿùĲЩʧͬʱǹԽԣ˵̬ȣЩ
ħĿһ۹Ĳ𣿡
ĲʱЩŭһ޽ɣȻԼǰЦһû²ҵĵ̣
΢΢üԹĲ̬ȣЩˡû취Ҫôͬ꣬˦ȺˣܵһҪôֻܸЩͬһ𡣴ҴСһ𳤴ҲܵѹĲ˦
ħĬһ£˵ҵĵ̣㡣
ʲô̬ȣĲߵ̲ˣ俴ħһ޽ɣ̬ȽѵͲǻ𣿡
ħһ뵽СڲԶչأ뾪СеĻǿѹȥȻĻ𿴶Էɣ޽ɣͲ£
ɽ׷ɱ˸࣡ߵҲ
սܶʱ򲢲ǾԽ߾һսԽǿġ
һȺСƨѣ
Ǹ̬Щ⡣ҲǷǡħ˵
ʱЩȥˣüŹĲ˵߰ɣǽ·ģҲġ
ⶫأҪףĲ˵
Ҳһ˵֪ĶΪԼǸˣѵ᳤ԣ
ħվԨsţѾʼơЩˣЩ˼ﳳ£Ӱ쵽ڱչسɵС
ĴŵСħŹȺˡ
ϣ㿴ܲأơ˵˲һݺݵĽѵô


1093 
ħʱȻ̧ͷ΢΢üƣƣ
΢΢һ˵ͷ
ʱ򣬹ĲһԺǳʲôƹҲܽеģ
ǣҲվӿԼʲôӣҲֱƹ֣һ˵
üˣ˵𣿡
ƣ˵㣬һֱȱ̫ˣܶʲô㶼İˣ˵ֲôʲô˵ģѵһ˾ǡһɿ
Ĳͷ˾ӦýѵһԶͺˡ
ħƵĿ⣬˺ܶࡣ֪ͽܸŮ֮ĸӹϵī֪ҪôƵ飬Ҳ֪
ֻû뵽棬еЩΡƵ̬ȣħеʮο٣û衣
ƣ鵤õƣħһ顣
ʱҲеЩ֣Ϊ˵ĻиоԷƺʶԼ˵ʶ֪ԼЩԨԴƵġƵͷңǣ
ʲôɴһķɾǡĲָ˭ô̬˵ľٶǳòӢһ֮һЩΣյĸо
ȻǸ޽ɣվԨsţû˿־֮ɫ
һߣƾʲôǰװʲô
ĲƵĸ飬Щֻ̬ҪƸĸ˶˵仰ͻǸʹ
Ϊƻ޸ˣΪǹĵܵܣ
ȫʸȢλ鵤СΪ޵ˣ
ԣĲ˿ԽħԽǲ˳ۣһǳֱ֮ӾͶħˡ
һƳħȥ
⶯һ־޴衣κ˶޷͡
˵ħֹ˭սѪʿôһСƨԼ
ס֣ƽһ
ѾˣĲһֿ죬Ѿĵħǰ
ž
һ죡
̲סһգּۣŭԹĲľٶ൱һԷҪǸԼйأǸô죿ûϵҲ˰
ţֱ
Ϊһ죬ǹĲ鵽Էϣ󣬱Ǹһץס죡
⡭סˡ
סˡ
Ҳȫסˡ
ĲɫǺ죬ҪԼֳ־ŭǣһɾʿȻû취޽ɾĺг
ʱǱߵħͻȻһ֡
Ĳ˺üסΣŭӵĿħ
ħһ۹Ĳˣ±̫֣˵ţƣ˵ЩԨԴǷͻ£͵һᣬ߰ɡ
ôĿʲô̼ĲԿֱӱˣŭɶָħʲôΪǲǣʲô᣿ʺԨԴϽµǸȻɱ㣡
˵ţֱӴϼһ
ǱߵĹĲҲǶ˵˵
ƣʣ޽ɾʿ˿̼״ֱӼ˵ʣˣҪƸ׽һЩģûж֡ħҲЩơ
Ͼ˵ʵЩ˲ϲ
ʲôСЩԨԴ⻰ʲô˼ǳ˵̬һ
ۿһսҪŭˣĿŹĲˣ˵Ҫ֣ȥȥô֪ûԨԴôʲô˼
ЩŵĿƣҪΪһˣһİˡַ𣿡
ֻһ䣬ֹûУ
ʱʿڨڨĽջءЩһΪīĻ⣬Ʒһλ֮⣬ûôŭ
ǺǡĲĺȻ˼ЦЦЩĵɢǿܣͷйâ𲻶ƣΪ˳īܸҷΪһİˣȻҷơѵҾô𣿡
һԵȦЩ죬Ҳ˵ǣһŶӣһȺ壬ǴСһ𳤴顭ѵһݵİ𣿡
ƿˣһ˵Ǽȡ֣ôǸǵ꣬Ϊֹ̣֪һֱϲĲĲҲ֪һֱкøСǸҶ㣬ֻѵꡣûκŮ֮顣ʲôᣬҸǸˣһûǣǴ˼ңڶ˵ѣô֮ܿʲôԨԴȴ͵Ļᶼ붯֡ǸҲӦ
˵ţֱվħǰһ̺͹ĲˣʹΣǣȴһ˵ƣ
Щˣ


1094 
ѾĲˡ
̡õĹۣҲΪĲԭ򣬱øܶ࣬żĸԡǼ˺
еʹǳǿҡ
ȻԼԭ򣬻ںܶ˿־ٶеɵȻִļԼĵµߡ
ʿɱˣսȴӦɵɱˣӦˣǶУôôΪ½ԷǧУֻΪͷһڶҲ޷
ǿû˿Թȴƫƫ˵ľٶ
ԣɸϵõѾѣҲԼĵޱ׼̤
ʱħ˵ƹÿɣҪѵңҲѵһǡ
𣿡ĲŭƣƴŷҲҪػˣ
ǱҲ̲סƣǵô꣬벻Ȼء
ħʱĸƴ˵Ҳϣһͽܹңǳīʦҽħ
ƶʱһȻʶתħ˵ģ
Ǳ߹ĲСһɵɵվ֪ʲô
ħЩεĵͷ̾Ҳû뵽¼㡣
ɫ糺Ŀħ˵һҪħȴͻȻЩ֪ԼҪγƺħһֱΪī飬īǲ֪ġôīϵĹϵҲֻͨѡ
һħ̫أƺЩᡣûôأ־
ħʱ΢΢һЦнеʿİɣħͺá
ΪʼôԻһ͡˵ġ֮⣬˸֪ʲô
ֻҪɵӣ;ܿóԷǸӸû˵ѣ˼ĸԨԴġ
ô죿
Ĳ໥һۣЩﻢ¡
ʱħһǱߵĹĲ̣̾һЩ꣬ƢҲı̫ˡǸݺɽħڸոչĲһƳһ˲䣬ޱȵķ϶Ѿȥˣ
𿴲һ磬ħܹĲǰսһʿɻɱ
ȺһϣҲȻ޾壡
飬Ѿƽ̫ࡣ˵СǱ߱չأ򲻵ѣȫϣŵС
ԣ˵Ȼһᣬ£ʹ˽ҹɡ
һǸĿħ֪˵ݣ̲סҪǳī֪£ָôͬʱ̺͹ĲˣҲҪ֮ǡ
˽Ӵʱ䲢ãɳīƢԣѾǳ˽⡣ʦĲ̻úãǿЦ
ϧ˸ʲôֱ֪һԴǲҵѣҲŲ
ħƵģа̾ͷ˳īһ£Ҫôɴ࣬ͲҪ֪ˡ
һЩмĿħһۣȻ˵ǣͶлǰˣ
˵ţתͷһ̺͹ĲĿִӹĵЩˣոڹŹһȦԼȴȻ֪ǿɱ̾
߰ɡһƣ֮ɫ
ĲҲЩɵۣ˵УȫŨŨĲԹ֮ɫǵУ˿ޱʹħ
ʱȴħʩһ
ħڰ֣΢΢һЦ
һЦùĲͬһҴܡ
ĬĬƣǰȥ
ƣǸ˵˭ڻ̲סڨڨǰʵҿӣҲǵһμѵͲں㣿
ʱȻվסĿ̡
ֱ̿ûڣü۵˵ôѽСһǴСֲûܣ㲻ҪҾɣ
˵ţȻ
ÿʱܻȻʼΣƲΪȻֱգü̵ʱڻڣ˵֪֪ԼѾڹŹرһȦ
СĿһƣЩԸĵƾǸˣ
ĲȻû˵ȴҲһмı顣𿴶ԷץסţǶͨǽ񶷵ĻԷ϶Ķ֣
˵߶ˣÿûһ
ŹһȦ˭أ
ǲҲǺҺȷһ㣬ͽҪǳȺˣٶʮҲֻб¾ķݶƵ˵
ƣ̫Ц˰ɣʶǸˣһһᣬҲôŻǰɣ˵ǲǣЩŵЦض¶
ҲȫЩŵĿƣһ޽ɵͽܣĶȥٶʮҲֻб¾ķݶֱ̫ˣ
ĲЦô֪ͽ˭ѵһ޽ɣ̳ܽһ˲ɣ


1095 ǳīʦ
һʿҲ̲ס˵ǰƽ㣬ͽ˭
һŮʱȻðһ䣺ѵͽǳīɣ
仰Ů֮ԣ˵֮ȴִȫóĬֳգѾε̡
ԴһΪīֵòɢ֮Ⱥ˱ĬĴ֡ʱī磬Ҳᡣ
ֻû뵽һŮС˵ˡ˵֮ԼҲúΣСĿơ
ȴͷͽܣǳī
˻
ڳˣɫһ˲ȫɫŵĿơ
ǸŮһ𾪵Ŀƣ㡭ģ
Ƶͷ̾һȻ˵ˣ͵ûˡԺ˭ҲˣȻȥá
û˵´ȥôڳЩˣ˭Ǳ
̣ɫ԰ףһҡ
Ķ֣ѳīʦ˵ɱ֪Ρ
ī϶ᷢ裡
ҺԥĸΣЩֶʲôأ
ʱ򣬿˭ܲ
˴ʱСĵĿһɫޱѿĹĲжеͬĲ
֮ǵʱƣûǷĻᣬһ޽ɾʿڿԽķһΣȴû뵽˵ݡ˿Щ˲
Ϊ˼һ˵ͽܣ
ĲԹɫãźȻЦЦԭˣһᣬ߰ɡ
˵ţǰ档
е֣ȴ߬ģк죺īʦǰɣܺãܺãҲŪ㣬ȴŹ㣡
һ˳Ĭ뿪ҹͣ½ŲϢһӰߡ
飬Ⱥ˶óĬ˺ܶ࣬ûȤ죬Ҷ˸طʼ
Ļ⡣
ĲѡĵطƫƧ˶źԶľ롣ϥһ֮Ĵ붨Ȼһܣųʶ֪һ£վԶȥ
һֱߵһԶĵطͣ½Ųȡһöʯԥһ֮󣬻Ǽ˴ʯϵһ
Ƭ֮һ𣺡ʲô£
ܲ־ǧ֮ĮĲû̫⣬˵һϢ֪вȤ
˵Ǳֻһ֡
ҽ˳īʦĲ˵ʦֻд޽ɾ硭
޹ءʯǱߴ
һ£϶ȤĲԥһ£˵ǸĹ൱ǿ㲻һֱīһ˽꣬Ϊʲôô롭ӦþǸԴ
īȷһʦɽʿôʲô߼ĲһЩеûġܲõĺú˼ϣȻһֱ㣬վһӻ㣡Ǳһζ˵˲ٻȴڽѵ
ĲȴЩΪȻĵҵĺãĺܣʢҲܽѵҡ˵£Ҿûƭ㣬ֵܣôܻ㣿ǸʱؾŨ൱쳣ΪԭǲŹȥġ㻻˼·һ룬Ǹ˱ûʲôĹ˵׼ͽТʦأ˭˵׼īô˵ﵽ㼶ĴУТʦһ֡Ҳ֮аɣ
˵֮󣬴ʯǱ߳Ĭ˺ܾãٴ𣺡ģ
ȻģĲˣܵܣƭ𣿡Ĳ˵ú룬Ȼû㣬˵㣬ʲôʱƭ㣿οΪãúɣܵõһ𾳽ķһ·֮СӦĿԳԽܶˣ
ʯǱߣȻĬãŴҵص㡣
Ĳ棬ʱ泩оһõĸǱħڵĵص㡣
ر˴ʯĲ൱죬Цīʦɱ·ϣԼùˣ
Ĳһһţ֪ģԳһͷܴӵܵõһķоֱ̫
ʵϣһʼħʱ򣬾Ѿ˼ȻĻûôۿƶŭˣΪӶԷϵõķ
һķԸ߽ʿ˵ֱģ
ԽǶķԽ֧ߵĸԶ
صոĵطĲһΪһӰվƺڵ
ƣ㡭ôոݺ˵ĹĲЩ顣
ʲôȥˣʵ
Ǻǡûûʲô鲻ãȥɢɢģôˣĲЩȻЦţܿ콫ЩϾҲǺеˣҪ쳣Ǿͻˡ
̸̸ȻùĲľٶЩ֣Ҳû̫ࡣϾѾħݣֻҪĲɵͲӦȥħ⡣
ȴû뵽ĲԼȻûȥħ⣬ȴϢеӵˡ


1096 Ҿϲī
ĲЦưƣʱīһ϶֪ʦ֮ȴûκ֤֤йأ϶˶㣬㲻˶㣬֮ȴҲҲκλˣ
뵽ЩĲˣ˵˺ܶ࣬ƣº͵ĵ˵ɡ
飬ҲϣԺٷڶΡĿŹĲǴСһ𳤴ѣҲϣϲˡ
İɣ飬дԺһġĲһϿҵĵǸ
΢΢һЩɵĿŹĲǴСһ浽󣬱˴˼˽⣬˵൱֮ԹĲĵǸƾú֡ԹĲ˽⣬Ǹġ
ôңѵ˾ͲôĲɵЦЦҲˣǸ˲ǳīʦҲôȷе۸ˡʱ֮ǣЩ˵ͷѹƵЩܣԲŻֹľٶƣİɣԺһ
Ĳ˵ţĿơ
΢΢üôĲָܹı䣬ǺܿĵġԹĲεİ⣬ƾҪѻ˵ˡ
ʱԶһҵ˭ҹԼԭһǷʲôҲ֪ء
̵ӰԶ߹
¹Ĳܴ̼һ֮󣬾ģҪοһ¹Ĳȴû뵽Ȼơ̵ʹ졣
ƿ̣ٿĲߣȴЩ˵ˡ
ʱȻ˵һ飬ڼȷŭ˵ģһƽ͵ĸĲ˵¡Ժúϧһ̣Ҫٰ˼ϡ
ڵ̵棬⻰ȴû˵ˡ
̾һһż־̣Ĳúİɣһ£Ȼȥˡ
߰ЩζĿƣǲǻĺˣ
ĲһԲվᣬһ㣬ԺͲˡĲһֱΪ̵ĴڣʹƲϽ
վת̣˵̣֮ԭͬá
ҲͬðЩĴƵĻ˵е㲻ҵأҲǡ鵤СҡʲôǺǣСѡ
̣˵һ𣿡ƲΪĿ̡
ʱ򣬹ĲڵﰡǣǴС浽ѣ˵˼𣿶ȥ̫˽ƣƿڣ˵һĻû·
һаԲˬƹܽܶмȥ͡Ϊ̫ϲĲܶʱ಻ϲôһֱһӵǡÿҪ⣬ᱻ˸Ӳ
Ȼ̿϶ƣͲĲԶһ㡣
죬ĲЩʧˡ
飬ƶ˵ͣﵽһޡ
ûʲô֮Щʱһ㣬һǵ֡ȴҪʱ䡢ֳϡѾƵĵˡ
ԣûĲǿһЦ˵Ұѻ˵𣿡
Ц˵£˭㣿
Ĳ㿴
ұ죡ȵ
ԶЩ˶ѣ׷߿
ʶɨȫװͷڹȥˣװʲôûЩʵҲƵģ֪췢飬ѾƵĵޡ֮䣬һ޴ִܻ
Ĳס˵ոջͦõģô˵ͷ
ƵɫҲ˵Ѿ˵һֱںô죬һ˵̣ҸͬãڣȻ㵱ҵĺýãǵͬΪıΪ֮֮꣬Ƿֿɡһ˿롣
ԭ˵ĲѾҪˡΪ̸ȥҲĻȻˣֺαһ
ţƿ˵ʲôĹĲĲ˵һΣҲһΣҶ㣬ûκŮ֮飬ֻ֮顣ڡ飬ҲѾʣ޼Ӳ̣˵顣ҵ뷨ǣǴ𣬷ֵмյ飬ǾͲҪ
ҡʲô˰ĲһίĿơ
ʲôҪ˵ˣҲƿŹĲҾϲī㲻һֱҪ֪ǺãҸˡˡ
˴סһۣתߡ


1097 лл
Ǳߵʿʱû취װˣ׷վҪȰȰ⼸ˡ
ƽ㣬ûʲô£ֵֵزŮȰ
ǰͷôĸ飬ûҪֵֵĳ̶Ȱɣ
ʵ˵ˣж¶˵˲ͺ𣿡
ˣһŶӣһ塭
ǰǰ˵˾عںðɣ
Ҳ׷׹Ȱ˵
ɫ԰׵վû˻Ƶġôƴû𡣾ݵλƲ˺ܶ࣬ƴõĽöԴ
СȦ棬ƶһֱõġ
һֱãԼô֣ôƶѡ
ףԭ˵ͣ޶ȵġֺ֣޿ˡ
ʱҪȥƵǸȻǹȴһȻˣȴӾίվʧǵĵδδᡣ
Ĳɫһһ׵ġΪһˣһϺˣ˾ܾѿͿƣʹ࡭ֱġ
ⲻƵһξܾȴƽ֮£һΣ
ң˾ܾ
û˿أ
ΪҲĳˣϲī
仰ǶԹĲ˺
˵ǧٿ׵ģͬɵ˵
ʱһ΢һȰ˵ͷϲĲҲķѰɣ
ǰͷ˵ˣҲһʱȥͺˡһȰ
ˣǱȰˡһЩˣ˵ʵң͸ø̹ϣҲ֪ô˵
ȫƣ˵ѾǳīŮˣ
һ仰һסʧ
ĲӸ͵һ˼Ŀƣ˵ѣⲻܣ
Ҳʧѹ૵ôܣ
˵ķӦҲ࣬ޱ𾪵Ŀơ
ǵŰϴ˵ұƽ㡣ƽҲΪġ飬ī֪
վһŮң˵ɫҲ̲סЩߺ죬Ȼ¸ҵڱԼ뷨ʱҶԳīûϲĸоʱ̫ˣеķӦһصĴӢۣȻⲢȫԭҪǣǸʱ򣬾ѾϲˣҲһһˡģҿƲסҪעˣһ᣻۸һŭгɾˣһΪģǸʱףϲˣ
ƵĿдżֽߣǼᶨһŮˣҲҵĵһˣϲҲãߺҲգϲҵ
˵⣬ЩǸĿ̶̣Բô꣬Ĳ뽫Լ˽˵ΪҾãϲ˭Լ顣
촽΢ŵĵҡҲдҲá
ȥˣûʲôҪȥʦ˵ī֪Ҹ֮䡭ԣҪһ£ʦʡȻĻһ㣬¾ͱ˸ˡ
ŮһԴ˵ˮ𣿡
ƿһۣǰôŮˣʾҪٲж¾ˡ
Ĳɫ԰׵վһԣɫޱȽӲƺҪ˵ʲôաʲôҲû˵
Ȼִ֧ͷǸ˵׷ԼϲʲôҸһȥ
ҲȥŮ˵
Ҳ˵һɣøǸǰǸ
ĲɫøѿˣЩˡȫʶܵܵģʱЩһ桭ĲЩȥˡ
УȥǸˣ
һ˵Ŀ˵ƣȻܣ⡣лл㡭̹ϡܲܵȼȥʦ
Ϊʲô̫;ùĲϵıֲԾȻԼȥħǾù죬ֱӹĲ˫ۡ
ĲûжĿ⣬ͬһ̹Ȼĸӣ˵롭һȥӽԺǼĻͲˡ
⻰һձЩ˸С
Щ˴С󣬼ûôֿ˴˼Ĺϵá
Ҳ̲סЩĬ
Ĳ˵ν·ǻܹͻƵ߾ĿġڣȻҪߣܲܶҼ죿ö࣬ɣ죬˭ҲǺúģҺȵƣúûһСʱ򣬿𣿡
˵ţĲĿУ¶֮ɫ͵ǡ͵ǸһõĻ䣬𣿡Ĳ˵˵ţ̲סᡣ
Ǳߵ̵ͷ档
ƵȦҲˣͷ˵УҴӦ
̲סһĲһĨ䣬ȴ¶Цݣƣлл㣡
ллһɱīʦĻᣡ
ллһóīޱĻᣡ
ҹĲ̫лˣ


1098 ͭͭ
жлֱǸмָл
ΪĲţֻҪܵʢ֣īʦɣֻҪʦһīȻʲôΪ֮£Ĳ˽ԼܵܵԸɱ֮󣬱ضˡ
־ٶڹĲɵΪԼ鷳ô
ڹʢȴһ̹
ɱɱˣҪʲôڣӰģ
ʢһֱԸܹУΪľ콾񣬾ֻôһѡ
ҪΪˣȻǲηսġ
ôˣ¾ͼ򵥶ˡ
ʱīĵһǹʢһ־Ϊ˵콾ڶҡĲԹʢĽӣ¸йء
Եʱ򲻹ܳīôԼҲûκ֤ܹԼԩ޳ˡйء
īҲԼͷϣֻȥҹʢ
ɹʢľ磬Ѿɣ
һ·֮У̤ûκѶȡ
īǿܴù
Ȼǲܵģ
ԣīʢϣ³϶ܲҡɣˣһ˰ˣǽûжϣȵ뿪·֮Ǿ͸ˡ
һҲһӣһй־콾˼·ϡȣֱʮ磬ѾǵصĴܣ֮⣬һм߽׵ϵ
һīд߻ţأЩΪֱӸҿսɣ
ʱīһţҲΪһгŭԹȴ޿κεĿ档
£Լйϵƣҵī˳īǰҲһİٿĪ磡
ĲǸĻˣܹȥ⣬׶
ԣƻƼ򵥴ֱȴֱһغȻЩĲȴһϵûеġʱ򣬲˭ƣҲһʼ磬̯֣һ䣺˰ɣ顭֪
ҹĲòĶˡҲõ
ƻصԼ֮˼룬ʼվЩԾһֱܴӺܶǰѾʼ鵤õһЩĵգԶЩûоܱȵġ
ܾùĲ̬תе̫ˡͲԸ
϶ԳȥôãѲɡȥʲôˣ
Ӧá⸽ûʲôˡ
·ϣŰ޷ʹõģǴʯȴû⡣
ֹţȻҵĸԴ
ԣʯ
̲סһĵѵĲīʦϢ͸¶˱ˣ
·ϣʹ޳ī˲һĲǽϢ˱ˣƶԳīʦȤ˴Ѵڡ
ħǰΣˣ
ƶʱоһ䣬뵽ĲֹȥħҪʱӵ֮󡣸Ǹоһŭͷš
Ĳͬϻޱȣ
Ҳһ뵽ĲһʯļƻóīɵĿ׼ԼóīµСŪã֮ǣ
ϣҵĲ²ǴġƵ¶֮ɫɫҲЩ԰ס
΢ԥһ£ȡһֻƴޱȾµͭס
̫ͭ棬ֱĺһģһ
ﾱ죬ͤͤ
ƵĿУʼĬһλɬµ֣Ȼһ֮á
ţ˾ȵһĻ
ֻƴͭףȻǻˣһҲûֻеĳٶۺͣͣſƷһȦ
ͭͭףȥܻΣգȻ󱣻ҪǸܵκ˺˵ţһλɫӵĴ
ţ֣һ㣬ħ󣬾ȻС
ֻСͭʮԻĵ˵ͷȻ˫һֱʧ
ƵģƽһЩĵʲôΣֻСͭףӦö԰ħǰʱɹѹˡԸҵĲ²Ǵģ
ƵһĨ֮ɫ򲻵ѣҲȫȺСһ𳤴Ļ鳹

īоԼǽ뵽һƬ޴ĻþУΪһУôĲʵ
̲סЦ
벶ȸںϵϳֳ
ѵҲ֮һôīЦʩչȥһ˽ʱĵĴϴնҵʿֽɴҩ
գ֮䣬Ҿͱ͵Ϯˡ
ѵڤڤе⣿
īЩεҡҡͷ¶һĨĹâĵʲôƨ⣿ҴʼѾУΨҾǶеһ־ٶ
ⶼҶȡʲô
ҵȺˣҲȥǣҲŹң
ֻǸ͵Ϯҵˣʲôˣֱ̫ǿˣ
һ˲䣬īĸܵϢ̫ǿ߱ķӦּĻӦѾˡ
һ˼룬м䣬ͷҲǾ˵Ӧǻš
طĶ
ʱīͻȻһ߲Զ

ī͵һһַ·ļ¶˲ǡ


1099 ףĸף
ţ㿴һ޲ɷŮӣޱ鶯ȥҲʮ˾ӣ¶ƤЦݣͷǱһòʮӢӡ
ڿӵһ˲䣬īһֱӵ
Ǹˡӣʵ̫ˣ
һģӿ̳ģ
ǸŮӣīֻһۣ궼Ҳĸо
Ѿ˭ˣȴǿҵĲŵĸоȫ֪ôһ£ֻܴĿš
ʲôأʲôĵôŮߵĸߴӢǰͷ
ǴɽʿӿŮУŨҵİͳ硣
óϲ
ǰǰȻ˼ҲǸ˵˺ܶ𣿾ǴɽѽŮЩƵĿӣȻһЩίĵ㲻ң
Ȼǣ㡣ֻǡƺЩΪѡ
ֻʲô磬˵ѽŮߴٵ鶯ﻹżִ
ֻǾе֡ӿЦһɱ磬Ҹ׵ȡ֣Ҳϣгһܴؼݣܳ忪Ƭ졣ǣ磬޷ͻƣ̸ʲôƬ죿ԴӷӡѾףҪһɵܡ
ʲôͳɵ˵Ĺ˰ӦøűŶѽŮһĿӣǵű佱СŮ
ӱŪЩЩЦã֣ŮͷüͷȻţ૵Ϊʲôܹɵ̤֮·˵ɽΪʲôļʶ˹㲩
˼ҴôѩŹĿı죡ŮԴޣ⡣
Ŀ¶εЦݣн磬ǳԪӤڵʿܹĿΪǿԽһУȫھʶУҪʱһͷ͹ˡ
ɣȻö֮óɣӸеΡҲû취һҧԼǴɽʿһ磬ֵȷڴ޽ɲΡ
ȻλŮĳˣǱʲôɸȥ
ҲҲԸȥ̫࣬ΪϲʵҲ͹ˡ
īվĿţǿˮ૵ҵĵ𣿡
治תī۾һգգĿš
ڵɽˮӰ룬һֱһ
ʱܿȥ֮ãƤŮҲһĳһ죬˵ǰͻȻ˴ĿֲǿߣɢǹϢǳīûиܹǿ
ЩˣȻȫ𾳽ĸǿߣ
Щ˿ˣ¶ޱȷŭɫɷ˵ֱӳӷ˹
īҲڿˣ׵ӵǿ
ֱǸ˫
֮£һֱΪǿսǰ֮һûУ
ĸݺᣬһ֮ȻȺǿߴ仨ˮ
ȻȺ˵У˷һ֣¶ޱȺȻɫžͰָ˻ȥ
ûնɱˣǻ֮󣬱Źǡ
īվۿȺǿʿ߷ߵǱȥ
ֱʱѾøӶ˵ŮӣЩԥԥģԼ
ܳīѾµֱŮ׿˵һ̣Ȼ̲סˡ
裡Щѵһ֪ԷȻεĿŮӡ
ŮӴʱȴڸСǸԲѽ磬ҡƭ㡣
ӱǳλΪ˵ĳӣҲǳīĸף
̾Ϣһʵ²⣬ֻȻû뵽㾹ȻԡǸط
ŮӵУżֻ֣̿Ŀų㣬᲻ңҪˣ˵ţȻ
ҡͷڻü𣿡
ŮӺȻһЦ߹˫ֻĲӣЦһ£ѾĹⱲӣҵأ
ôļܸҽô١֪ӵ⹫ңʲô˰ɣ¶ЦݣŮ§ڻ
Ⱥᣬʲô֮ģˣ¶εɫ㲻壿ǷӡƬأ
𣿡Ҹ׷ӡҺ͵ܵʮ꣬Ҫǻںеġͱ죬ȻôȥûǺʲô壿
Ǻѽеʧ䣬ţ̲ס˵ʵʮǰİģҲҵļˡν塭ҲһȺʵĿܰˡȨߣˡҸʳɾʧһ𣬻塭ͳ˰ˡ
īĿţΪʲôԼܿЩ顣ȻЩ飬Ӧȫģ


1100 
żĽīͷƬҲɢȥ֪꾿ʲô
ʮǰ˼¡
Ǽĸ׳ɾʧܣȻͣڴʥɻʮԪ֮󻯵ڲ񷡣
̫ϣֻأ˵»ԪҲվ޷ӹһ١һԪһС٣ʮԪһ٣ʮԪǾ١ǶɹʮԪһ٣ٻʮԪԿٵأҲΨһ̫ܶϡˣԶѡֻأɾĲϧǻ棬ûаʮԪһ١ʱһСƺ˵ڰг֡ڴʧܡԣҺŵȻ͵͵ܳģʵҼ֪ûпҲΪһѡҪұܿⳡѡ
īľʥɡ̫ϡⶼʲô磿ƺǸϺУһ죬˵ŻԻͶʢ֮ʣʥѹ˵һ
īѹͷ¶
滯һΪؼ䣬˵ֻȥˣʵûֻأû˵һ̫̫Ļ⡣˵Ļҵĸʼˣǲܳɾɾ磬ܵѹơȻЩϵĴڻ飬Ǽɵµĺ֡࡭Ҳǲȡ޻ˡѹȴ⡣ϧҸʳɾͬʧˡһΣȷڰг֡µӻӹһ١Ժɾ磬ûˡ
ʱʵЩ飬Ӧö֮ĶԹʲôϵǱߵˣΪʲôҪӡ磿˵ĵۻʾҲ޷Ǿʥ˾ȻߣҲԵǲĶáʲô
īҲһŵţЩˣΪʲôĸ׵䣬һɡΪ𰸡ܾܿĸ׽ĻﵱУ
̾һ˵Ҫ֪ĶڣǶǻܶԪϲֲ̫ˣҲ̫ǿˣἰǵ䣬λ棬ܱǸ֪һͷֱĨɱԣҲἰǵ䣬ƺŶ˵ҿԸ㣬Ǹɾƽһ̫ϣĳȻڣֻҪκ飡̫顭Ǻǣѻἰĳƺţûʲô⡣
˵ţųڷӡ磬ΪиɾƽĴڣ׻ƴ򡭡ԣ磬һ˫Ĵڣδĳһ꣬СȻ󣬻ֱӻЩڵȫ޷ȹٵʮԪ١
˵⣬һЦҼɵ£Ƕ磬ȻҲܳΪ塣ʮԪٵʱ䣬Ҳǵ硣˵ҲûԪԣЩڶˡе˿־塣ԡǲŻ׻ƴҲʮǰǳսҪͨһɱ¾׻ƴ콾ȫȥǲҪĨһĴ򣬱ϾմȾֻ̫Ҫɱ׻ƴе콾ٷӡ硣㹻ˡټԪ֮ڣ׻ƴû취߳һ˲š˵͹ˡ
ͳīͬʱ̾Ϣһүı鶼ֻͬǳīܹȴ޷ī
óīеԾǣƺǶſ˵һ䣺ӣЩ̫ˣгһգҪͱ죬ɷȺˣ
ޣ˵ʲôأǵĶӡûأ̲סһ۳Ȼ˵һԪʮǧ꣬Ԫ֮ѾǼʮ֮ˡַӡ׻ƴĿҲҪӡＸԪ
Щŭ˵Ǻúݣɱ׻ƴ콾ٷӡֻΪһпܻ˻ǡ̫ӣ
飬ûʲôɽȺһֱôɵġʥǶѹ˵ҴӼܳҲû̫裬ǿ϶ǲҼ޸һ׻ƴʿġˣôأ
Ҷ뿪ġ˵
Ҳ뿪㣬Ұ㣬硣ͷڳļϣ˵Ⱥ˻ȥ֮󣬿½žͻеڶȺ˳ˡʼոоѾˡԣɰеʼڲġʳʧ֮󣬾ͽλ˴硣ֻǴ
̾Ϣţûм˵ʲôǻһת˵ץһȥˣδĸԸģûгֵˣҲδؾǺˡ
Ҿ˴㣡˵
ס죺˵Ҷһֱ㣡


1101 ī
Ѿֵ֪ĳīʱȻ¡
һŵమˣʱȻ֪Ǽˡ
ܿ죬һǿߣǰ˫˼ҵִȻ֡
һսֱӴս˺ǿգ˫ֱӴȥϰٸ򣬲С磡
ȴһֱţдŵǺͽ֮ɫȴûпȰ˵ʲô
˫Ȼƽ֣ȻʱǰǸǿ˵һ仰
һˣ
Ǹǿһŭ֮»Զһǳ쳤Хȴƽһۼʥ˱Ҫɱǵĺӣ
ʲôͼɫ˲һƬҰף
ʥˣ
ǿߣ׻ƴȴһĴڣ
ʥһŭ췭ظ
һջ
Ҳ롣ǿһ̾º֮󣬾Ͱ߰ɡ
棺ҵĺӣ˭ҪԼߣ˭ߴߣ
ǲܡĺӺܾܿԤеǸˣ뺦Ǿʹһһ򡣡ǿ߿˼һ˵
ʲôԤеˣôܣĿɿڴĿǿߣг֮ɫҵĺӣôԤǸˣ
ߣ˭ǿһָͬһһ𾪵ĳǲ׻ƴǸ˵ĺˣ
ĵͷǣǡ
ʲôһ׻ƴܳѪǼϻ塭ѪѪĺӣѵ׻ƴĺӣǿص̾Ϣһ֪һ㶼ϣԼĺӻԤǸˣҲϣΪζŻǣ塣кܶˣ֪֮󣬻Ϊӻ˻Ѫͳʵô롣ҵˡǺġЩν콾ǡҶ뵽Щ㵱Щڻ벻ܵ׻ƴô꣬ҵԼĵ¡ʲôݣʲôѪһ൱е顣һЩڣ¶˶λɳһʥǰǺ磡Ϊ֪ôǣ
ͳЩɵˣ³ʱѾ𾳽һ˽ܣĸǿ߶˿·硣
ڴʱȻãȻ֪ĸо
ʥˣ
ִڣô
ƨ
һʥˣ׻ƴ
ɣʥˡӦûûжҾŵɡǿ߿ǰŮ̲ס֮ġʱ顣
ī⣬ѾеһС
еĶڣ׻ƴнһܹͱĴڣпܻỵǸλһɴʧܡ
ɳԶɱ׻ƴеľ콾Ͷǿߣֳַӡ׻ƴˡɱ׻ƴ𾳽ʿûٳ
⻹꣬Ȼ׻ƴԤǸ콾һֱߡ
ߣ˱ѣЩǱߣʵҲ̸ǱѣΪҲڿ־壬ȫմһ߶
ּ֧ЩˣԼЩݵġȻҲһЩԭ򡣵һˣȴȫô룬ǿ˵ǿѪ׻ƴǿѪĺӣʵ̫ˣ
ûԤԣҲûʲôˣ࡭һѪͳĺӰˡ
Ԥǰʱٳһĺӣ֪ĴڣǱЩڵ֪첨
ʱĻ϶ᱻǣ
¶붼룡
ԣЩҪԤеˡǱߣҲкܶˡˣ
Ϊһ㶼뱻ۣ
֮һȺų
ԣ
ţȻīǿȥתԽԽգ˶һ羰ľԴ
Ŵ϶û˴ڣѾıԵشˡ
ڵһ죬ԭĲ֮ϣīƷī
һӤأͳȫžϲͼǵĺӣ
ȫˡ
׼ȷ˵ˣīҲĬĬᡣ
ǵıǵĶӣŻеӤ̧ͷһ۲۵Ĺƣ૵ڱǵĶӡģǸˣ
Ҳ̧ͷǷڹƣǲͨƣһƽƵĶ飬һʲôǿʶУᱻ˲飡
仰˵ڰ
ͳȫһ׷ʲôΪ˸ĸϲ˲䱻ʧ
ͷڱƣ׻ƴڱӡ
ǵĶӣְɣ˵ţ¡ΪҪסӵͱ롣
գ˵īڣͽгīɣ


1102 
ԭģ˿Ҳ̲סһЦǲɵгӽгī
΢΢һĵǽгī죿
ˣͽгīɣ˵ţ̲ס᣺ıԺ᲻ްְ裿Ĳ룬ģҪͰְֺòã
īĵޣ裬Ҳްְ֣
ʱ򣬼һ񣬴ӤĲϡ
ոճƬ̵Ӥ·оʲôȻ۵С֣ȥץ֡
Ҳ̲ס۵һʹ߿ޱߵУҪҵĺӣгһա֪һУҲҵıʹԼĸĸҲϡͿĹôһ˭˺Ҿ͸˭ƴ
˵ţ§ŻеӤһֻ֣ӤϡȻ૵ӣгһգ棬һҪסְжమ㣡ҪǵãغԼһ䣬Ǿʱ׻ƴݺǧסȻһ㣬ÿÿҹ㣬ǡ
վһԣХˮͦεϢ¡
κһֱĿܣĸĸὫԼĺ
īܹĴӸϸܵǹɾ׿ڸǣְ֣裬ǵĺӺܺã
֪һԿļ仭档˵ʲôĸĸҲġ
ʱһӰԶʼٸ
īһϳ˾֮ǰλǿߣǸ뵽ޱ˵ģӦþľ˾ˣ
ֱ⻭棬īһЩ飬˾ˣ϶֮ǰǸԽǺӶһһĸס
Ͽ⺢ߣǱˣ
ǿһ֣һĿżͳ˵
ʲôҡҸոհˮҪ޸ɣ˶Ҫˡ
ոԼĺӣ׽۰ˮûԵһڣҪߡκһĸ˵̫пᡣ
㣡ǿ߼ˣڽгһ㣺ⶼʲôʱˣԼػ𣿡
ף᲻ã
᲻Ҳ÷£ǿ߿һ۳һ𡭡򴩽ڣ
ϣҲۣȴףѾ֮ʡ磬ûֹܹһʥˡ
²ԥֱӸǿһֱ֣Ӵ˴絽˽ĽڡȻһ뿴
§źӣ֡
ǿȦҲ΢죬Сһ˶ⶣ⵱˾˵Ҳͬʮܡ
û취
ûֹһʥˡ
͵˽磬Ҳֹͬˣ
ȴͨĨȥۼɱһʱʵҪģҪʥ˵˼ôģԼԸԸⱳһĳȥīֲⱳȫֱӽɽ硢˽ٵ
ʱûֱֹķ
ԸǿߺͳīĸľٶǱһϣ°ˡ
𣡡ĸǿ߼ˣֶгˡ
ʱȻιһˮһڣҲ롭ҵĺӣһˮûԹأ
ģĸǿ̲סᣬȥȻֱӼһһûա
īĿǼû뵽յһ˲䣬Ƭؼ䡭ʱ侹Ȼֹˣ
ⷨȻʱ䣡
īʱһᣬһиĸǿߵǸԲ𣬾˾ˣ֮ǰҴ㡣
Щ飬ޱҲ֪رϸΪһЩɣû취˵͸ֱ죬ī˶ʮǰƬ֮£׷ʲô顣
мԼĵܵܣӣֱ·ιˮʵԲ𡭡Բ𡭡ֻιһΣ
Լһ㣬еĺӣһãȻ˯ˡ
ճտŻĺӣǧᡣٴνһμ仭뵽īľʶӣ̶˾ˡҲεģ
īʱ˶ǣбһԸӵĳ̶ȣΪᵽȻֹҲԼ裬˭֪沢δжϣ
óīΪ𾪣ͬʱ۾һգգĿš
ĸǿ߻عͷ˵㡭
֪ˣһȻûκԥֱӽӵ٣ǰ򴩽ֵ֮ͨ
Ϊ֪һ˿ԥ϶᲻ᡣ
ֵһ˲䣬Ȼ̲סޣһ˲䣬ʹ飡
ī£ͬܡ
ڵͨ˲պϣһСʧһա
ȻԸǿԼһ𣬿ʼĨеĺۼ
ȡһԼ߶ܿġΣ΢ı仯ûܿǸӵĸ׵ˡ
˶֪⣬Ҳɱһʱˡ
һУĸЩǸĿż𣺡㣬Ҳ棬ˣһ㡣˵ţһ˲ʧ
ܵĿʼ̶ѾջǼͣʱķ˲뿪ˡ
áʱһϢ˲𾳽磡
ʲô޽ɣǲһεֶΰˡʵ磬Ѿ̤ĸǿߣ
Ȼƾʲôָܹ
䣬ȴᶨĶԳ˵磬һ


1103 ʥ
û˵ʲôֻס˼֣Ȼ̧ͷѸɢȥīɫơһ⣬˶ûио˿ů⡣·Ƭ񷣬ޱȡ
һŹӰԼߵĲ֮ϣһ˸ǳڽӽǹâƻʵȴ쵽˼飡
˲䣬ͳڳͼͷ
ƬأһɲǣҲľֹ
֮ǰ̶ʱͣͣһľֹ
·һ̣ȫסˡ
ŹӰһݵߣòţһͨĵۡ
ˣһ̾ȻȻ̧ͷһ۳ī
ī˶ʱɵˣ
Էһۣڿڿ
ʲôͨʥ𣿿ԽʱͿռ䡭ֱӿ˼ʮ֮ĳ
īһ̶Ҫֹͣˡ
ֻǿһۣȴû˵ʲôֻƽ˳ͼ
īޱȽŵĿһĻȻΪʲôܿ⻭棬ȴ֪Լĸ׵ôˣĸ׵ȥ
Ǳ߼𿴼ߣӯӯݵʮ塣
û˵ֻǵ˵ͷһۼ̾Ϣһ
ʮ塭ȫǰɣҪŬ
Ȼû˵վǣ·ƬΪһ塣
ȴͻȻڵأʮŹҵĺ
ҲڵأǰŹҵĺӣ
ʥǰ֮ǰЩֶκͲã̫԰ˡ
գգۣˣ˵Ⱑ
ͳû˵ֻһĿߡ
˵Ҫи
ǰҪβܷŹҵĺӣ
Ҳɱ߻˵ҪиȥĽ
ʥϧܶ˵ô࣬Ѿǳסȫǿڼϡ
⻰ȴüͳȾϣֲ֪롣
ʮ壬ǡҪôʵ
ߡɱζʮʮ⺢ӵĴڣȻᱻ֪һ˵ô࣬ѾǼ궼ûйˡ
򲻵ѣһΡ
ʲô˶ʱɵǣߣûбİ취𣿡
ȴһ˵ܱȫҵĺӣ
ߵͷ˵֪һֱ֮вٳǰȻһ׻ƴȻܻ١ȻЩڲ档СҲȻ˳֡
ץסһϣߵ
ߵͷҡҡͷո˵ĻȫǵĻþ٣˲ɱɷ㣬𣿡
һӾͶˣʮ塭ͬ޿κΣ
һʥˣƵʹְ취Լˣ
ΪҪĻ壬йעһ
ǽǻɱ¹׻ƴʿع
Ҳˣʱʲô׵ģһ̹ȻĵͷֻҪܱҶƽΣ
ɽأĸƺޱߡ
īĿţеıʱ
ʱ򣬶ȴߵСһˣ޾үүƬ·֮ϣһݳɵĻԵҵгһͱ죬򣬾ĸ׳ɣЩߴڲԳֻ֡ҪԼǿƷ죡δϣӦϡ
仰֮󣬳īоǰһڣлȫʧ
īˣЩ棬λʥ˳ֲ֣ʶеģ
ĿĲ߳īҪͬʱҲīһݳɵĻԵ·֮ϣ
Ҫģ
λʥˡΪʲôԼ˵ⷬ
ٶͱ
Ļ嵱Уȫų򡭡ҲȫֺͿ
ī޾ĺڰ֪ԼĶҲ֪Σ仭ûˣڰ֮Сֻͨ޾ʱ䡣
ĵľΨҾС
īʼϵķǿ궯ģҲƽ
ûпȥĻ棬ȴ֪һһΡĸѾصˡ
һҪʱ䣬ǿҪҵףһȳĸף
뵽ĸīһ鴤ʹȻô궯ȴ޷Ļᱯˣŭ
īĬĬģȻһ㡭δ˻Ľ״̬
ɽУīڻ¯ҩ֭е壬Ϣı޸š
һ΢ͻȻԲзôоոϣƺһĴⲨƺڡ
죡һŮ𣺡ô
롣ڻѪµڳš
һУָֻܿƽ

ħǰֻͭףЩ£̲סһ飺ո˵ʲô


1104 ʢ
ֻƴľͭ׿УٴδոͬĻҵƣ˽ҸΣս٣СĽͬʱˡ
ħĿɿڴĿǰֻͭףнУĸкܹܶ࣬Ƴָķ
սֿʱĲЩʦǵĽ
վķԣħȴû˵ֻͭķ
ǸˣʱҲ̲סʵ㡭ʲô㼶ķ
ѽͭȻ˵û˵ǰɣ
ħ˳ǣҡҡͷû
ţҲûͭ˵
ħʱһȫǺߡ
Ƕһ޶ѽͭ˵
ǡħʵ
ȻһĿɶأͭ׵УȻһ˿⡣ħȥ˵󡭡ȫǳͨнĹʷҹĿֹȫᣡ
ħǶ̲ס˳飬ĵ⵽Ǹһֻᴵţļһôоôأ
Щһᡭ
ᡭ
ᡭ
İʱУȫֻͭ׵ĸ˱ʱ䡣
ŪħЩҪˣ˵һֱǸ룬öûųˣҵģǵҵİɣ
ħɴҲͭǺ˵˵ˣ˵ɶ˵ɶɣ͵ԷˡΪһ߼ʿͻеġ
ͭʼ˵ĻħЩ
Σս٣ѵǸͱ˵ɣħüͷ־ò̫ܣǸ˱𿴾һףʵϸĶ֡ħŶԷԼ
ôͺпǸ˰ҵϢй¶ȥˡħаԼųīʦͷ·϶ԼȤˣ϶
ˣҪСķˡħţ±ģӰ쵽Сͻơ
ͭȻ߶ţħҲ⣬ϥʼ
ж˰æŬԼʵԶȷ
ħ뵽ϵĳīĺȡɴСԶӡ䡣øԼͽ鷳
һʱܿȥħûиоκεΣ
ҹĻٵʱħͻȻоһɷ磬ͻȻ䴵
һˣҲϸܵʲôΣһѣƽ
ħȴоЩԣΪѡط൱ĵطﶼܸܵ磬͵ǿ
ǣ沢ûпȻƽ
ʱҲѾͣͭףͻȻ΢΢һҲܵʲô
أ
һɺ嫵ɽһħХ
Ҫ˲佫ħûһ㣡
ħ̧־һƣ
ǧ֣
жʱӰһ֮
ħһƺߣһ˿Ѫ
Уһе˼ȻҸӲһˡķȻķһȫʬ
˭ħʵ֣ͭ׵ıϣûͭʱ𹥻
㣬ָҪķħѾȷ˶Էݣ϶ǸĲйأʱħ͸оСӼҪԼ֣ƺǴԼķ
Ȼ²µħȴ֪ˣȹĲǿ̫౶
ԸĲħþȫԸˣ㾡ȫҲȫǶ֣
ԷոһֻǺһȴȫŽ仯⡣⡭ǶԷһ̽ˡ
ʢס֡УԷεĻش
ʢĲʲôϵħʵ
µˣܵܡ֪ġˣˣͽķҸһȫʬͽһĻᣡ˵
ħ㱻ˣŵܶ࣬Լʱͦŵģŵֵزˣĵһμ
ֱ޼ɵ
֮ǰ飬ƵʾħΪڹݺǸĲˡ
Ȼ֪ͽʲôˣѵħʵ
ǺǺǺǣЦһһ½СƨӣΪͬԼ޵ˣмְ취ܽ׻ɱʢ˵ţˣޣƺﻹһϢڲǺǣйϵ˰ɣȻҲһֱغˡϽķɱ㣬ɱһȻĻ㲻йˣҲֻҪһơ
вСħʱŭˣɿסͭ׵֣ŭһҲֱӳˡ
ͭǿҲ￴
䣬κ˸вСУ
䣡
ͭ׵ϣȻ䱬һӿϢ˲߷ɡ
óݺĻյһطСƨӣүܾˣΪţүȥ


1105 Сɽ
飡
ͭ׵ٶ̫ˣ
˵仰ʱǼӲޱȵͭѾһʲôһ졣ֱӽһӰķɳȥ
ǵӰձĳԶţԿԼΡ
ţͭ˲ֳ嵽˶Էǰ˵һĹȥ
ǵӰ̲סһͭͭף

أ
һεԳƣȴٴĻ˵Ӱϣٴνķɡ
ͭǰᣬһᣡӰһѪͭĻ£ѾˡȻأվˡȴһᡣ
ħոշϰգͭѾιħЩĿɿڴ벻ֻͭ׾Ȼʵǿ
ͭͣգһ˫䶢ǵӰɭȻҵСӣһ᣿
Ǳ߹ʢͷƤЩըô벻˵еֻͭףȻ˵ߡⲻ鵤õļƷѵ
ʢȻ뵽һܿµ⣬ֻͭ׾Ȼ˵Ѿ֪Ҫɱħ£
ơһֱǸĲ׷Ķ󡣺Ƹī֮䣬һЩĹϵ
ô£
ʢԼӶЩˡŬԼ侲ͭױȭͭǰһᣬȲ֪
ٺ٣үͿΪΪˣͭЦ˵㲻֪Ҫɱˣ鵤֮Ĺϵ
Ĳ֪λǰ鵤ʲôϵʢӲͷƤ͵ȷǽӵӵϢ˵ϣоķ
ƨ˵ĻүȫˣǾʲôͽһĻʲô˼ߺү㲻֪ͽ˭ͭ䶢Źʢ֣˵СӣҪȡ߽׷ԺүȰģүɲЩܱͭȵġͷղ˳
ʢǳ˳飬˴ϼͷֻͭίʵ̫¡ǿƥ㵽Ըӣܶ˶˵鵤õͭ׸ͲʲôһֻԶ飡
Ȼ˵ܶ˲⣬֮ԱǡʲôԶܹ죿𾳽ĴܣܻꣿԶ鳤٣ҲԲܴԶʱ졣
ûƮŮôž޵ĴڣҲͻô
ֻͭͷ̫أ̫㣬ùʢǿҵļɵǡ
Ҫȥвʣһ㶼ûռһɧ˥ʲô̶Ȱ
СӣϽԶ㣬үǹϵĳϣΪ㣬Ȱһ䣬ĲСԶ㣬ӷ뺦㣡ͭ˵
ʢûзֻɫ쳣ҲָоƺĲЩˡַʲôƢϾĲûи˵ѣѾǳīʦ
ֻǹĲûи˵Ʒ£
һ仰ʵ൱ģ
Ĳһʼ͸Ƶ̬ȣôʢδеħ鷳
ȻʲôСС鵤ñͲ̫ࡣ
Ǹͭǰ³çˡʢĸɵۿżҲûκ塣Ҳ⡣
ͭ׿һۣ߰ɡ
ʢٴγͭȻһħֱĺΣȻû˵ʲô˭ܿס˵öѡ
ħĿŹʢûȥ˵κκݻȴ뵽ͻƵɾ磬ɱˣ
ֻħ˭£䷢ûʲô˼ĪڰвϵŬԼΪΨʵΨһĵ
ʢˡ
ͭײûеһʱȥΪ˭Ҳ֪ʢ᲻ͻȻɱǹ
С̤ɾ磬ؼӿСչ֮ء
ͭ׶ˣ쳤ӣЩ˼ĵɾѡȻôĶˣ
ħϴϲɫСиߵĳɾͣ˵ҪԼгɾ͸ġ
͹һֱСʱ䣬һЩʿˡ
ǶԶԶţûп
֪ͻƵʲôˣððʧʧĴĳײǲˣ鷳ʹˡ
ħҲоԶЩ򰵵Ĵڣвû̫ǣһͭСɾ磬϶ѡɽ٣
Ҫʲô۵˹ùֻԼ
ȻСؼľȫ֮󣬵һʱѡ˶ɽ٣
ϵЩҲȫ뵽嵱СԿڵ̨֮ϣΪĵ̡
УѸתɫʼ˴Ľơ
ԶЩΧ۵ʿڵһʱ䣬ѡԶݡ
ͻ֮ѡɽٵˣ㲻ˣҲܹǵĴڣ
ǶǺ޽ɫ
ʿ˵Ҫٵ٣ֻһǴͻƵʱ١
֮⣬ǲȥκһٵġ
Ͼ٣档
꣡
һ֮ףݺСչ֮ء
ţһƮȻɵӰһ£˲ӭǵס


1106 
ǵֱںŮӵϣֱֱȥŮӣȴûκηĶûмһ
⻭棬Ѿ˱ܵúԶЩʿȫһЩԼ۾
ɣ
ûɣɾѡɽҲͰˡⲻ𣿡
ҵ졭ɽ٣ɱ
ħ۽΢΢鴤һ£Ҳһ˲䣬ͣ˰ġȻ֪СǸվԼӣۿϣŲŹ֡
䣡
һɺ嫵ľСϵͬʱСϷı
Ȼ󣬽С棬γһ޴У
ĳصĹֱӽǵ̺֮޾ɱȫж
ţǵûɱףһӴľֱӱСиȥ
ڶʮ
ʮ֮Сɢǹƣˣ
ֱɾĴʿ
ԶЩʿֱȫˣҲɵˣ
Ǵû˵н绹ôɽٵʿɱ޴ףûиɽߴκ鷳ڰڶɽһ
ԶΧ۵˵Уһϵʿ˵ٴ塭ң⻹һٴ壬ɵ磬ƺôģ
̲סʵָЩˣɾ磬һԾΪء߾ʱ򣬾ôģ
ʿӦӦþ
ʱһɾ˵Ϣ˳Сٴαľ磬ϵ
ǺСȴǺ񷢣
Ĺʣ·֮ϣڳ׵ı
Щһν·ʿҲڼʶʲôС·ϵĴԵ
ŮӣǴӴ޽ͻƵɾʿȴٵУԼľ磬Ӳĳɳȥ
ʱħԵͭףͻȻ䷢һ⡭Ҫ
ħһͭף˵Ҳ̫֪˰ɣħԼҲû뵽СȻܹͻ󾳽磬ͻƹȥ
ͭ׸ܵħĿ⣬ЦΪ˵ֻ˵ܹɾ磿ҵ˼ǣϣֱӳ磡
ͭΪ֪ħݣûԳƺүҲ̫
ΪǶ˵ĳҲǵһμ
ȥֻ˵˴޽ɾ·ʱǵ
ȴֹ̣ҶΪһḶ́ҲһԴӴ޽ɾ硣ġ
ħûͭ׵Ѿͭ׵Ļŵˡ
ʲô˵СֱͻƵ磿ħʧ̬ʱ򣬵ΣԿơ
ͭЩĿһۣ㿴Űɣʲôٴ壿٣еɱĥȻٽе޾ߡǶ֮컯
ͭ˵⣬ЩֻĿħ
ħʱЩͭףô
ͭ׹Цһ̤ϵ磬ԺǸ
ħŶǺߣִͭ׵ĳ嶯һֱ̫ˣ
ԶЩˣȻûͭ׼ʶôԨҲȫо쳣˵СӦþͲˡͷĲУȻٴοʼϢǿ٣
īƷ
ɫâݺᣬߣֵζڽƵС
ڴ֮ǰⲼƵУȻһεġ˴
ޣܶ඼Զţһ̣Ǹһ㣬߮
šԶŵһӥֻһϵĵ伮ϼǵͼ񣡡
Զʱһֱǡףԡֻͷϳǣƺǡ֮
ǳƬǺɫģֻȴīɫģţԡֻŵģҵ졭ǳ
Զմ˷
ʿȫ𺳵ԸӣǴ˿ȫָоǼ֤ʷ֤һ޽ɾʿӴ޽ͻƵɣٵУͻƹȥ
ͻƵһ˲䣬
ǹƵСȻ˴Զеߣ
ÿͻƶؼѾǺ˲õһˣƺҲֻǸʿһ㡣гָ߽׵Զޡ͸˲ˣˡҲδض
Ůӡʲôˣ̫ˣ
ѵĸˣ
ֽҲֻ·ϲܳˡ
ұʿһһ·ˣ
ԶΧ۵Щȫ۷׷гĽ֮ɫҲһЩˣ˸ƺڴʲô⡣ȴû˸ʱ򣬿Ǹط
һ٣˵֣֮
䣡
С·Ĵضʱð
纣
ӿ
⾫Χ֮㣬Ũ̶֮ǿħͭ׶⾫Χˣ
ħȫȥգҲ˴ľĵת
ľ硭ȻҲڷϴš
ħڣ¡¡죬ǵ޽ɺɾ֮
ħͷϡ˲Ҳ˴

ͭ״һ˲Զݡˣ
ԶΧ۵ЩʿҲȫˡ


1107 ӳ
ʿ̲סʲôеڶ˶ɽ٣ô
走ƨǸһﳯ߳ˣһʿȻ˵
ȻǱǵӰһ磬ֱӳ˹ǸӰһ
ҿҪʲôʿȻС
иƨϽܣ𣿡ʿȣĳԶߡ
пһĻˣˡ
ŷˣ
ҲҪ裡
ٵˣһĻҲԵ
Ҳֻߣûеڶ·ߣ
ǳƺΣҲҪƻԷ׵֡
˭ʶħС
һ˲䣬ʲôġġǧʿȫ˾ֻ֮޵ȣΪͣȫƴԶȥ
ҪǱմϣ˭ܲˣ
͵øŶɽ٣
˭Ըٰ
ûͭܵı˭죿ôһĹѾɳ˽ӽϰľ룡ӰӶˣ
ħھӿķתؼĺ嫾
ȻħķӦ㹻죬ܵҲ죬ȻЩӰ쵽СǱߡ
дľʼСǱ߱˺ħ嵱ӿȥ
ħ뿴һ㶼Ӱ쵽СĽͭ˵Ƿ֮ϣСܹͨһεĻԵֱ̤ʿȥ
ħнЩԼΪʲôҪô
ڣ˵ʲôˣֻܾԼСԶһ㡣
ħЩû뵽ǣڵķУСǱľԽԽ࣬µƬأЩŭһ㣬ʼӷӿ
ǾŨ̶ȡҪһ㣡
˲С·ǾĿȱ
ħд󾪣ģȴ޾ϲã
Ȼܹ
ľӿ뵽ħ嵱УеЩҲʼħ߷ֱײ뵽ĵﵱУԿڵ̨֮ϡ
ħһӸоԼڷٵڱ
䣡
УֱӱɾϢ
꣡
һף
˫˫ɽ٣
ǱߵСһѾֱӳɾ磡
壬Կ̨ϡ
ڶ١Ѿ£
꣡
¡¡
ΪĵķԲʮ֮ڣֱӱǡ
ЩӵԶʿδĿһĻͬĩհĳȫһ亹
֪˵ʲôˡ
ұŵˣ
Ҳŵˣ
·Ÿոտ
ֻ·Ŀͷѡ
˵˭óӦһģ
۷׷ףʿָڶ˵ͻȻͻƣӦԷԼʼδġ
Ǹû뵽ʱͻƣԭͣǸطӦΪǸŮӻӿľ̫Ӵ̫ˣҲЮȥˣ϶һּΪ߼ķ־ķܿƵתŷܡҪǣǲӰ쵽ǺŮӣ
˵ֱӽˡ
ʵ㲻ܣҲûеȥҶԷ鷳
ǸʿӴ޽ɵٵɡһ·ѡɽ٣
ƾܶ콾δػСҲֻЩǿǣԼҪϸ񵽿̵ʿǡŻ˷
ǱߵڼߵȺʿƽ
ʵϣ־磬ĶǴ޽ɵʿĺʲôǵ˵
ţѾȫԭ֪
һЩƽЩԸˣʱڳĬΪǿ˲࣡
࣬ǹȥ׵ȴԸϵģֻͷƤӵ£ۿ˱˵㡣ڻԸԸĽʵ
ϣ˱ǿ
ʵͽܣһ¡
¡¡
ԶеħСˣûһٻ壬ϵϢԽԽǿ
ʱСĳŵȥ
еġ֡ȫߣ
磡
ڶɽ٣
ڶȼ٣
ܣ
ٵḶ́
Ǳߵħһ磬嵽֮ҲûֹͣϷţһֱɾȥ
СͷϣһγֵѾЩԶˣȻʼһâֵӰ
ʿӳӳ񣡡
ǵģһСͷϣڹâеӰȻһµӳ
ɵϢƬ֮䣬ɷ򣬳Ϊٵһ֣
Ҳֻе˵ٵʱ򣬲һʳ֡
˵ÿ˽ʱ򣬶ӳֻ־ž޵ġõϿɵţǵӳŻ֣
ӳ񣬲Ǹɽ鷳ġǸĺôģ
ӳԿڵ̨֮ϣһ˿λϢ
δ֮·Թľ޴ô
˵ĵ٣ֹλӳ񡣿⡭һСһ߰ˡʮšʮǸŮӡȻõʮλϿɣҪˣҪɽ٣һʿĺţ汻̼ЩҪˡ
ⳡδδţ
ֱ˸


1108 Ͽɣ
ʮλӳ񣬳СĵٵУȻұ֤λʿ˵ġλӳ񡱾һġһӳʮλҲԽ˾ĿˡֱǺţ
䣡
һλӳСĵУڵ̨ıԵʼо
¡¡ĴСǾĵİ壬ҲΨСֻ¡¡𣬵˵ʲôȴһֶרȥͷĿѣĸо
ʿȫɫ԰ףȥǴ֮
Ϊǲǵ컯
Ҫ͵ȡûκλᣡ
Ǵ֮һʱ䣬ͣ¡
ţһ
ʱʮλС̨ıԵΧһȦÿһλӳоһʱ䡣
С˶ٵĺôҲΨԼ֪
ʱɫѾװ
Сħķȴʷ׳ʣ磡
Сӳȫλ֮գһ£ӡ
ͷսƣѾʼɢȥϵϢͣ˵صľ֮ϡվһ˫Уݻһȫµ硣
ޱȣ
ԲǸҶ۾ȥֱӻ
Сеֱӻ
̫ˡ
Ӵ޽ɾ磬һ嵽˵ؾ硣
飬ֻڴ˵вŻᷢȻǴ˵ҲѾмûзˣ
ǳ嵽˵ؾ磬ֱһԾΪĴмǿߣ
ܶˣСǰ¶ҪеգԳƾ콾
Сһһ֮䣬һصɡ
ʮλӳϿɣ˵һľԵ
Ȼ֪һν·ЩʿĻԵС˵ջ񡭡ֱȫģ
䣡
ʱħϵϢѾ嵽۷壡
֮ףȥ̺ͬŵĿֲɱȫħתķĥʣµĺ嫾Ϊ
һʢ硣
ֻħСʢ磡
ĻԵЩ̤·ˡǶȥ롣
ͭԶԶĶڼ֮ĵطĿĿţֹܳΪīʦˡȻͬ죬ˡֱҪ˸Ǻǡ޽ɣֱӳ硣˵򵥣Ĺʷϣкܶӡܹӵֳɾ͵ģȴȫǺչ¶츳Ķ콾֡ʵѾС˵ˣȻܹڷ֮󣬻ӵֺ󾢶ġүδŰ
ͭ˵ţħǱߵķѾ֪ˣīʦ磬ҲѾûκˣ
үҪ£߸ˡϲǸһ͸Ͽ춯ְ˱ˣֹͭţ˫һֱʧУȥˡ
ˡѾȫҪػˡʵҲˣͭȴû뵽ǰȥȴǴһӾ˵Ĵ棡
ǱߵСѾһηվУһϲĿħķ
û뵽չضûеħȻҲͻȻľͿʼˣ
¡¡
ѾױƸǷڵĹĽƣһֻµľޡ
ǵصģռƬ񷣡
Уɫݺᣬߡÿһɳûеһʱ併
ħϵϢʱѾɾۣڣʼ¡¡죬Ϸ·޾ľγ޴һУгȥ
ԶʿǴʱѻȸȫһ𺳵ĿһĻ
ǵƤӵµŮȻѾ˶ɽ٣ǵ𺳣ȴԶԶûн
ʮӳĳֱ֣𺳵Ըӵĵز
ںŮӵ˵ؾ磬Щˡȴȫˡ
ܸо˾˵֮£ľ磬ֻǵһءпܳ˵صľ磬ܻߣ
ߵʲô̶ȣ޷ˡ
˿̣ŬƽԼģڿǸӵĽ
ۿźӵϱǿĵ֮ȴûпκ
ѵӣʱ򡭡ûܵõϿɣ
ܶ˵УȫһͷȻû磬ⲢǶԽ˽⡣
ɣ̤һ˲䣬жָ䶥һϿɡгֵԽǿ󣬾˵Ͽɳ̶ҲԽߡ
ǣɴϿɣΪؼһϿɡϸ˵ʵϵǿһϿɡ
һַ
СУ̲ס¶ʧ֮ɫ뵽ĪǷɱ¾࡭ڽʱ򣬵òؼϿɣ⡭Ǻã
УȻֻƣûκ
ʱħϵϢѾֱӴ˵Σ
֮ϵĽƿʼԽԽأе֮סҲʼѸᡣ
ԶΧ۵ʿв̲ס̾Ϣһ漣Ȼô׳ֵġ
ǰȻĻҲ漣ˡ˵
磬ûС˵ûеõؼϿɣôһɽ١˵Уżֻ
˴ǵʵ̫ˣ̶һʱıǶн֪
ԣħɽʧܣô϶кܶ˻Ὺġ
ʱͻȻ̲סһ޷Ƶľ


1109 Ȼ޵У
еˣԶĿǺ˵ķ
ͷϷǷڹУͻȻ䡭һ貶ĿĹâʱһӰ·أȫͬһӳ񣬵ǡһ࣡
Ƿ̫ˣƬ񷣬貵Ĺâ֣ȫӣɢǿϢȴѹȵ޾ңԶЩΧʿ޷վȡ
һȷҪݵĳ嶯
ǡͨһй򵹣޴ӰֱӰݵȥȴԶƵľǳԽĴ𣿡
Ȼ𡭡ֻ࣡ǳɾʱ򣬿ӡϵķ࣡ˡ磬Ȼִڡ˼飬治˼飡ԶʿҲУ˵̶ֳܹȵģƺֻСֻЩճɾλĴܡ
λʿûпԼĻܶȫ׾ˡ
Ժֻʣһڻص̶ֳܹȵġֻճɾλĴܡ
Ѿ𺳣ǿʼľˡ
һ̣ʲôܣʲôŮӡȫ˸һ
Ψˣģ
˭
ʲôˣ
ΪʲôȻܹǿֵز
ǰǻЩң漣һֱȻĻǾͲ漣ˡ
룬Ǻķǳɣ
˼ϷģͲ漣񼣣
Ƭ֮£Ѿжûˣ仹лŵ𣬵ʮ֪ûܹɾ
ִڣЩ֪ܵġ
ϣҲΨһ
ѵ˵ʮ󡭡ıĽ죬ҪһλĴˣ
ͷȺ˸е㤡
СգҲڳճյĿ޴ķ࣬¶ŵɫģȴһ޾ľϲ
־ϲҪȫԽɾص־ϲ
Сϲ
̨Щ꣬һҪ˽Լ걻ʹֱ࣬һ죬ħѾ׵ʧˡ
ǸʱСΨһִħִȴ⣡
Ҳ̫ƽ
ƾʲôԼôȴҪֱ
ƾʲôûȥκˣȴ˹ϡħĳƺ˭ħҵķħʲôǰࣿ
ԹֱСعɽħߣһƽϢȴȻôһִŵԹɢ
ֱ죬ֱ˿̣ǹԹڳ׵׵ɢˡ
ЩĪĵǳɳһ֮ٻͷЩ̹ĵԹͺ⣬ѾûôҪˡһЦҲûʲô˵ġ
һУֻΪѾܺãȴͣڵǸλϣȻԭ̤
ǡѾһˡ
βһƽʲôУ
Сֱһ̣ͷͨִͳͳ¡
ڣֻܹƽĸһֱȥħҲãҲաǶѡˣһֿ
ã
䣡
Уǵֱ࣬ӳħĵħĵ̨Ͽգʼ
¡¡ħзӴİ壬˷ЩΧ۵ʿǿҵĸܣҪ磬Ҫȥ֮
Ϊ֮ǰĽѵѾû˸ֵˡ
ڴ֮˲䣬ֱӷסԼʶҿҸ֪
Ȼʿ̲סջһֱӴеȥֱӻ
ħվУϹӿ嵱УԴԴϡеĴ֮¡¡죬޾İֱӳ뵽ľʶУ
ི˰ʱ޾Ĵ屻ħաħ˵νԶǾô򵥣һĴϴ
һλ𾳽Ĵڣǰħָŵ·
мѭ·ߣ
нһĻʵô
ħȥҲΪģ˿̣ԭֿڶҡˡ
ν·ߣֻǾûˣ
ǵˣû·ߡԷѽ
Ľħ壬ʵ͵ǸħϰһԳ
û·ߵʱ򣬿᰿裬ֱ
ʲô컯ʲôлԵ
컯ͽлԵ
꣡
֮ϣһ֮׽١
䣡
ħľ磬һأ
䣡
أ
䣡
أ
䣡
أ
䣡
أ
䣡
أ
һǿߵϢħϣ
ݺᣬħ
ɽݺᣬ硭Ȼ޵ħ


1110 
īˡ
ۣǻ¯ڲľ󡣵īУȴƽ
˿ûΪĻκεĽǺɻ
ԼٴΰܹȥѰһԵΡȥ˵еظԵ֮ϴϵĴ
һ׮׮һ飬֤⼸һֱĬĬػ
ллī˵һ䡣
Ȼһӻ¯
һīһܵĻ
һɽɽӾͷһ۾ܿڵľ
߱ڶڵһʯϣĬĬػš
īһؿڣȻڡ
ȡһ·ãīŲߵڣȻһ̧֣߱ӾʯаγīԶ
͵ϮǸˣʱҲӦˣ߱ݺնһһʱûʲô鷳ˡȻǸҪȴʧ˵ʿڿҲ̫ܡ
뵽Ⱥùī̲סЦ
һΣȻ벶ȸں󣬱˳Ӱһ£ȴһδɾͲľ콾ĽīǺġ

īһǿֲƣѾָòˡ
Ȼûг׻ָԳī˵޴󰭡
Ҳǻһɾʿ㵱ʱܹӹһ٣ûиʱҲָܻ
澳֮壬ϻ¯óīֻ˼ʱ䣬ͻָ
ž͵ϮīǸɴʿҲζ벻顣
Һǲ֪ܵȥˣӦúܵԼǡīţ˴ʯǼ滢µһ˿
ʯǱߣûеõӦī΢΢üϵϵǱߴʯͨʮֳӡҵƣȴž޴ľϲҾ˵ҵֵܣô٣أԶ㣡ȿȡҲ˵㰡ֵܣڸ˴򡭡走ģӹ
¡
ȻӴʯǱߴ
īһĨ⣬˵ģ
˵ڡٵ˵һλá
ī̧ͷһͷ񷣬ĬĬǸλã־ԼڵλòԶҲһǧ
ȻҲǶԳīľ˵
ǻͨˣʮҲ߲ôԶ·
嫵н磬ޱ޼ʡǧ·ֻ̣һصһѡ
·ϣǧ·̣ǲʲô
īûԥ߱죬ֱӳŻ˵Ǹȥ
سɴ磬һǧ
ǿľ磬һ̣չֳ
ûãī͸ϵ·ء
ԶԶģܸоǰƬеҡ
дս﷢
ǳŭϣ
īܿϹȥǵӰȴЩȵķ֣ǵһ磬Ѿﵽ۷״̬
սһӣһ£ֻӰʹһɾɣ
ӳ൱һҲ۷״̬̬ѹǡ
һ콾ˣ
ֻƣīжϵóˣȴİĺܡ
Ҷսģĸˣ
ĸ˾Ȼȫɾ磡
Ȼûдﵽ۷Σȴжȣϵ൱Ĭ
Ůеķ棬ٷ磬ŮòƮƮɡ
˳ͬ൱ȻɣʵɱأÿһÿһʽȫǳŻҪȥġ
ҵľ磬ʱҲѾﵽ۷״̬ս˫ִ󿪴ϣÿһжƴ˲ȥӡ
īߣǱߵҲѾ˳īĴڣʱΧ˵Уһӣųī߷Ǹ߸߷ȻӸ£ݺһţ̤īš
ǳīǸ˽Сɽеı͸λ
˵䣬˵ĽѾīǳˣ
ǱߵĻŭһĶӣ
ЦȽ˵
䣡
һţ޾ѹ·һɽ
ͷѹ£
һּΪľٶʿսУޣȻһ㲻ֶΡ
īʶ˭һʩչӰ粽˲ʧٶȻʮ
ֱӳӵϷ
СģڸǶսǰӣȻѡ
ȻЩˡ
īͬһ̤骵ʿš
ɴɡܲ۷壬ȻΪ骲Ȼŭȫ޷ǣԷٶȼֱ̫ˣ
쵽ԦȻû㿪
Σͷ˫ۣǰ档
īһţݺݵ̤˫۵Ľϡ
꣡
һĹ骷һ˻
ɣȻһɸ˵ֱֻ۵Ĺͷȫˡ
߷߽ӣֱŭɶҪתϵĹͷӺãǱ߳īһն
һ̫Ŀôһ˲䣬ȻЩʧ
СҡǶսǰ˲ٶͬ쵽˼飬һնī


1111 
һֱӽƬնżΪķ˲նīǰ
ī骣Ҫɱıһն壬ӿī϶Ҫ鵶طʱԼףɡɵľ룡
ΪˣЩӽǣֻһ̬Ȱ
ոս۷ǣĶ֣
ֻһֵİӰˣ
ţ޵е
Ϊˣ
Ҳˮô޴ԷΪȥս
ҾôǿΪʲôҪӡԼΪŻôɣ
ôҵġǾȥ
һͬ޵еţ
īȴûһۣ貶ĿһȻԥնȥ
־ŭ˵嶼Щ
ǡīЦţԥİһնȥ
¯һ˲ڳī
ʱһ̣·ȫ׵סˣ
·УһսһѪĻ
ŭ
˫ֳֽźݺնȥƣ
ӵĲԶǱոôһɨʱһɾ޴赲ǡһ˫Ưǽ֮ɫ
ڻҡԶΧסҪ߳壬ɫַŭ
骣ʱ˶Ѿױˣֻʣһ貵ĵ⣡
ʱ·𳹵סˣ
ȫ޷һɣôǿ̶ֳȣ
԰еĴ˵
ī˫˫ǰѵ˫˫ŭзŲһɻīǵһһɺϰˣ
Ǹ˫˫̫ˣ
ڻˮǾ͸ЦˣˮɵԷΪ˴ɹ
ã
ҵĻֱɵɴĽ򱬣
κλᣡ
һֱôģҲôġ
ȷûīκεĻᣬԸ֪Ϊʲôݱ䵽ڵֵز
û뵽ǡ
īͬҲûᣡ
ոʱһ˲·ɲǣͬţ
һбʻ
꣡
īһͽ骵ʿˣ
ڵĴʿ
Ԫ񶼱īһϴŵɱֱĥ
壬е䣬дľѪʳһѪӣк¡
ɾѪ
ÿһΡɱһ޽ɣ
ȻɣҲҽӽ
Ѫ̺ʵ̫ǿˣ
Ԫ񱻳īһնƾ⾫Ѫ
ⲻǵĽսĴʿ֮սÿһÿһʽУ̺ŷÿһԼĵ
ʿ֮սǵ뷨֮ײ
ϣ
һݺնڻ¯֮ϣһ춯صľ졣
īһ˿Ѫȴ˸űĹâ
쳤ХľˣȴȻûܾԼ׷骡
һ˫У֣ͬһƵĿųī㣬
˵ţӵ˲ƿ¯ٴδī
Ȼ¯ٶȸ죡
ವһ£˳īͷĻһĻֱ֮Ťգ
Ӵ̹һǶŤ϶ʱ¶Ȼ֮ɫ
ѽһ𽣣
ոձⵤ¯סѾޱ𾪣벻ⵤ¯Ȼֲ˹һεŤĹ
ӵ⣬ҪЦΪ͡
Ǻǡīĺ﷢һЦ־һݺն˰ӵ𽣣
ϣ
һҵĽ֮
ӵ𽣾𣬷ĺ
ͬʱӸоֱ۾ҷ飬Ȼ֮ɫһɶѣôӵ
īֱۣҲڷ飬ҲûϵԷĽȻ˼̣ǵıһȥͶˣ
𽣣
Σ
ī̧һ
ٶʵ̫죡
ӦҲ̫죡
Ӳȱս飬ʵϣΪˣ˵ͬս
ͬһ޵еģ
Ǵ˽һ·ɨ硢ݺɽĳī
īǿ޵еģĸǿ
̣
ϣ
ӸоԼֱһδ𵴣첲ҪԼˡ
ޱȵķŭ쳤Х
ʱǵĹҲѾˣ
ܹߵˣܹ̤ɾʿĸûսģ
׷īʱж̣ȻرĬսıȴڵģ
ڴʱʼ԰չĹ
ֹȥ޻صһ֡
۾ġ˭٣
ӿŭû뵽вһϣȻܸ˴鷳
ױŭˣһֱӽǴˡ
Ѫˣ
Ҳ˸˴ۣ
īնһûܼʱأȻķӦ쵽ױȣȻīĵϻһ
Ѫע
Ƕ֮Ѫÿһζӵо޴ܣ
յ䣬ȻƬ졣
ӣ
ǱΧҵ׷ڼˣҪԮ
ʱȴЦˣЦúȺ˵ƻӽͻƣɱڣߣǶӵģ
䣡
䣡
䣡
ֱӻ壬ֲĹ
ǻľѧ
ɱУ
īĹٶȺƵʣ쵽޷ͷŻ¯ѹ԰Ҳչ˷Ϯ
ɴ۷ˣ˾ɣ


1112 ն
κ˿һĻᱻīɾ𺳣ôҲһĴָ
һɾʿǽŷİһ̤ĴʿƵ̶ֳȣҲ˺𺳡
Ӷ챻ˣ벩
츳׿ˣ
ǿıӳһ̣Ͼʹ޾Ĺ⻷
һֱ벩Ҳûüùʧ
㡢ǿơԵ޵еˣ
һֱվн˵һˡ˵Ǿ粻ʿЩУҲж룬ûбģ
ʲôмѭ·ߣ
벩Ƿܵ˵οԼģƫƫŷ仰˻ô࣡
ʲôмѭʲô·ߣ
䷲˵翵飡
Ϊ
Բܣ
벩Լһ죬ƬӡĲ³ɵ
Ϊܣ
ɲһɣʿѣˣЦ
ɽϻӳƴ
ʲôУ
߹·벩۷
ǴУʲô
벩һｾµˡ
֮ǰˮڳī£벩ԣ·㣬ͷԷΪ޽ɳڸһսһףʲôŽˣ
ڴ˿ֶ̣ұˣ
˵ʲô
Է⵽޽ɳڸīһսѾһЦ
˼Ҵ԰޽ɾ磬Ѿɾ硣˵Է⣬㲻Է⣬Ȼ׼ľ磬ɾˣȻԴ⬵ĸо
һôĻǴ̰
еǰѵ͹аˣЩаˣ
𽣣ƽ߶նϱ˵ıС⡭Ҳһֱ벩İ֮һŶֱնϱкɥı߱飬Ƿǳܵһ顣
Գīеѵ𽣾Ȼ˱ܣ
û˱ܣ
飬ˣ
Ȼ𽣲û𣬵Ѿʼȴȴǲʵ
벩еŭģǶԷֻôһѵͷֻ¯аţ
ÿһ̹ȥᱻǵ¯µϢŤʹ̲ī
ɶԷȴޱǿӲһһնÿһ⵽벩еΣЩ־壡
һɾ綼ṳ̂Ƶˣôǿ
벩Ʒ
Ȼʲôʸ񱻳Ϊˣ
ƷͬУѾ޵С
еĺǣԷȻ˿
ʲô벩ɭȻʡ
ͨīЦţͬһˮ׼Ĺ
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ཻһη
벩ŭһĥҲҪĥ㣡
Ǳ˵˭ĥ˭
īû֮ǰǺͻ֮
벩Ҫ£ɫ˳Ϊ׷ߣѾˡ
ˮתī֮һ벩һ׷ߣֱӽ벩סʹ˫ƣֱӶԵ
벩޷ܣΧŻ׷ͬоޱȵıߣ
ͬ鱻ɱ˱סֻԼǿ󣬲Ѹɱͷϻȥˡ
īһǣȥﻢҽˣԼԣ
ǵͷֱӳǱߣҲˣһʱģīûκ⡣
Ǳ벩ŭңҪǳȥ
ǺǡīһЦٴγ֣һ벩·
ɱ
īһֱӽ벩ס
ʱѾ嵽Ǳߣսš
ԭһľ棬ڽ֣ǵļ룬ʤƽ˲ŻбǱ׷ߣʱ
ҹЦֵܣ֪˭㣬벩ҵľ콾Ʒˣ˵ɫ۷Ѫ˼ҴӲмġ
ī΢΢һЩĿ벩㣬֮ǰŰϷŻ˵ҪԷ⵽޽ɳΪһսģ
ɱ㣡ڱ벩߷ѵĸоôԸ˿ҲòϣԷ⵽īĲΣ϶գۼͻᱻ˼Ҹ򱬣
ԭ㣬ûɣīüʵȴһն벩¡
㲻ˬ벩ȵ
ԭīĵͷͻȻҵľ
־ʱռ䣡
ǰգʱͿռ˲ִλ벩ԸоԼĵȻЩˣ
ӵУ԰㡣
ǰ־Ԫأ
īֱӴУץȡԪأ߱ĵ֮ϡ
־˺һ
Ȼ൱һ֮߷򣬵£ȴٺʲ
˳īһõԴĵݺһֱն벩
ҿҲˬ
ˣ
벩˲䱻ˣ¶޾Ȼ֮ɫ
ô죬˼ҾȻһֱûжɱУŭӡ˵ͬҲеûã߳˶Էһ󾳽绹䰡
ǵƣ׼Ը·ʱõģ
īʲôʸ񣬱Ƶƾ
ʱ򣬳īͻȻɱУҪõƶѾˡ
Ϊīٶʵ̫ˣ
һУڵʯɵģ
벩ˣ
Ȼ
īһȴն


1113 㲻ˬ
벩ֱסˣͣһŰӢ˲ǵͨ졣
裡
Ǻε裡
ף
벩ޱ߷ߵĵڣͻȻЩԾ
ϣ
С
īָͻȻһŤǵطȻһӵĺ
һ벩ʶһס
ǸطȻˣ
ôû֣
ƾʲôͷˣ
һɣҲͰˣҲͰˣΪʲôʶҲôǿ
벩ɫǵͨ죬˶Ҫˡ
Ķˣ
ǿҵµ߷ߣһ˲䳹ױʹǸյˣѾ˻ɱ׷ߵĳī
˭ǵģ
벩̧־һ
ǴīǴǴŤ
ͳͳȥ
ɱ㣡
ɱī
Ҳˣ
ֽвµһɱ֣ɱĴУսޱȻԻͣûʧֹ
ίҪ
ίҪˣ
һζԳī֣ʧˡ
Ҳǲƽһʧ֣
Ǵεʧ֣ڳīǰѵ
ǰѵ̫аԣ
ҪΪǰѵī϶ˣ
Բ֮󣬲־ļʼѰҡ
ûҵīȴҵ˻ҺǣǾͰǱɱˣ˵ûκȤҲûгɾ͸Сţīһˣһһǣ
ȻۿҸīϵϡ
浱ʱޱ˷ܣ¶һ˿Ǳر£ƶ£
ԣ벩Ҳûܷټ
ףȵīˣ
ˣ
ٴչ¶˫սɾ磬ǿƥķӲ۷ˣֱ棬˿·磡
īսòľӼᶨھҪīɱľġһųīɳɾ磬ô͵ϮɱҲδɱ˳ī
·ϣûһ춼漣ĵطҪɾ̤ɣĲҪ̫ѡ
īոʯ쾪һòЩҲ¶ôһ㲨Ϊһʵ̫£ͬҲ棡
Ҳ˷Ϊ֪Ļˣ
ʢ˥
بŲĵ
īһʢ
һ֮ľȻһ˥˲䣡
Ǹʱ򡭡ֵʱڣ
ζû뵽ǣī⾪׵һȻǳ벩ȥģǳģ
軹
ӵĲֲƾʲôܷң
˶Ҫˣִ֮䣬̫ķڶľ鲻ǰ׸ģΣͷֱӼһķ
һ֮Ǽֱӱīһ顣
Ʋ˥ֱն˲ļͷ
꣡
ֱϡһĲҽУ
Ѫӿ
Ȼ
òеޱȷŭǣǱߵ벩Ȼݺݵĸһ
һͬ˾޴˺ֱӱȥӶЩˡ
벩ŭ𣺡Ҹʲô
ӿ㲻ˬ벩˶ڱŭ״̬һͷʨӣٴɱ
Ǳ߳īһն䲽ֱ֮Ҳٴγ˵ٵͶ磡
ȻҲ۷徳磬ȻҲλУΪóģǰɱ͵Ϯսľԭûôḻһһδܽеκһܡ˵һж˵£˶֡
ҧɭȻһۿ񱩵벩ġҼסˣ
˵ţֱӼһȻ˲䱬ʧС
ī벩ĹȫڲǼ棬ֱӽǼķ顣
һˣ
ī۾˲ɭĿǸˡ
벩ҲûеһʱԳī𹥻˼ĿǸĵˡ
˵Ŀһ
Ǳ벩׷ߣȫѾ˲ˣǿ֧š

벩˲ͳˣ
û˿ԥһ֡һǿɱУ
Ҫɱīһֲ
Ϊ˸ոտȥںشǸֲɱ֮֡ǰڼսκˣոպ֮󣬹ƶƬ̵и
벩ץľ
Ȼʧˣ
ī̧־һ
һȫǸͬʱնģ
Ҳ˵벩ֵͬʱīҲûκԥĳˡ
쵰
Ҫ
˼ͬȻ󶼶ݺݵŶԷֱսһ
䣡
䣡
벩ͼǿͨīþľ޴ѹƳī
īٶʵ̫죬̫꣬ͨȫա
Ǳ벩һ׷ͻȻ䷢һҽС
һŮޣһؿڣѪ磬
ȴû˿֮ģٴγ֣׼ֱӽԷɱ
ס֣벩ͻȻ䣡
ī߱죬ͣ벩üġ
һҲŮ޵ϡ
벩һĿųīɱˡ


1114 ˸
īЩĿ벩䣿
ԣ򲻹ǣˡ벩һ̹Ȼҳϣ֮ǰۿ˵ͣС㣬ص͹ս㲻бȼ˵ʵѾȫԽ˵ĲΣţͬ統Уûĸ˻Ķ֡ӽ벩Ҳ˳СҲ䣡
ˣŮ棺ҪΪǷԼ
ûзҵ벩Щ˵Ҳܵ˺ˣ骵ѾгΡұ𣬵û취ˡҲǳ¡
벩׷Ҳ̲סȦһ߱顣
Ǳ߻Цһʱ֪װˣǳֻͻʱİأ
벩ǳ˳飬˵һʱһʱֲҪ̫⡣
˵ţųīȫǰָüĵĵ˵ʵīɱûʲô塣ûв͸ǽɱң˸һĵ֮⣬òʲôô㳹׵׵Ļ벩ò˶ãͻᴫ·˶иȫµʶɱң»Ը㡣
Ǹ׷أī俴벩
ս䣬⡣ҵˣζԹʹ˽ᡣ벩º㱨벩Ŀųīһ죬Ϊܴùʱһս
īЩĿһ벩ȻʵܵңŹ𣿡
벩ԥһ£ҡҡͷ㲻ңᡣ
īȻЦջ߱죺߰ɣ
ʵɱ벩Գī˵ȷûʲôô˵ǱܣΪԼ׷ߣ˵ֱֿˡ
ɱ벩ҲЩʤ֮䡣
벩Ŀһ۳īлˣ
īû˵
벩ֱӴˣȽ骵ʬߣȻЩȥˡ
ôǣǽͷ߹ЦеĿųīʵ
ӦòôīЦЦ˵ôҲ¡
ǰɳʵ̫ˣ̲ס̾Ϣվ磬Ѿ̤۷ΣֻһͿԳΪɾĳīȻַĵľη
īսʵ̫ǿˣ
Щ֪ˣ񿴳īܸཫĿڳīǼֲķϡĸīսˣȷȫ֪īµĵطǿս
µġǳīˣ
Щ
īǣЩȵĵʱĺܿ찡
ɫ΢죬˵ҡֵҩ
ҿųīЦһޱĵ׷ߣһʼֵҩȿܣ֮ȴԥ
ɫ糺죬ͷ˵
ī΢΢һ漴뵽˵ĵҩʲôЦŽ͵ǵҩʵûôаΪҩȫɷ֣ǿߵľѪ
ˣ˵ˡɫ΢ףƺЩʵӡΪһ뵽ǵҩԿƵķθо
ȴЩ˵û˵ѪҩȻĻ϶ʲô˵ţһɫ԰׵ǣ˵ݺнУѪҩһѪɵĵҩһͨʿ˲ʵ˭ҪѪҩ϶ܵ˵졣
Ѫҩܾа񡣡Сֹ
ҡҡͷǻ壬Ҳа񡣡
ī
ǡ
ȫĿŻңȻΪʲôһʼҾͲܾɴҩˡΪ˼ҸͲˣ
Щ߿˵ʿУʿҩĶˣôа񣿡
ī°ͿŻңϵ´ţȻ˵˵ȫ¶Ǳ
ҷ˸ۣȥұȥ磡
ǴʱҲ̲סЦոյֲʸУҲ˺ܶࡣ
ʱԳī˵㻹ǵŰǸп׺˰ɣǸ˵Ҫ·ϻһˣ
īͷôˣ
ȥ²ĵǿȸģһֻ޴İ׿ȸѾѿȸܾˣ
īͷߵĿŻңûҡ
١ȼ֪ˣһġҺٺЦȻȻ뵽ʲô֪Ǹոձ벩شߵǸ˭ô
ᵽˣīһĨ֮ɫ뵽ɽƮ칬ʱ𵾲ˣԼǷš
ʶǸˣīŻҡ
ҡҡͷҲʶˣһЩ˵
һ΢΢ü˵ҺҲ˵һЩĴ˵Ǹɱ𣿡
ҵͷųīӦþǸ˵лɱɱ֡˺أû֪֣ûôսǲȡ͵ϮķʽʵһˣҾѾɵˡû뵽˶ˣȻֳҪηֱˡ
˸


1115 ľͷ
ī˵ˣ´δػֺ
ҵͷûһɱ˵ʧһ֮󣬾ͲӦٵڶγ֣Ĺءأ⵽ش´μڣ
󣬳īҺǣһ뿪ǰȥ
·Ű޷ʹãʯȴõġһЩϢĴٶȻܶ࣬ȴȻ޷ֹϢĴ
īһ·ϣʹʿĿУ˺ܶõϢ
·˵Ϣīʦʦ̤磬ȫǵ߽ף֮󣬼ǰδУ
īʦӴ޽ɾһͻƵ磬ϷµǣڽĹУоȻʮӳ񣡲֪λܣڽʱ򣬻ôӳ񣿡
īʦ£ڽʱһʼû󣬺ܶĿһĻ˶漣ֹͣˡ˭žȻðһ࣡ȫѹס֮ǰʮӳ񣡡
гīͽܵˣô򵥣˼Ҵɽġ˭ȥ˼ң
ҺѾ·˳ȥˣȻĻʲôˣǰСӣ˼һƾܸѹˡ
Ϊʲô˳ȥˣ·ϽȻԼǰ𣿡
ɵ˼Ѿߵ·ľͷ
ǻкԶ𣿡Ҳʡ
же˶ЩмĻش𣺡·߲ģνͷԼĵ·޿ʱȻ͵ߵͷˣ
ī֪ʦʦﾹȻ˼óīޱȵܣԼջ񶼿ġ
Ȼħһֱûб¶īܽʦȻοԼͽܵĳɾͣͬҲЩʧġ
ң뵱˽ʱħε磬ֱ£
ħǿɲֻ˽硣صɽ֮Ȼ˫
ڳīЩ˸ʦȫˣ
ʲôƨ޵УʦǲŽ޵УҪţ޵еģ
ɽĺڣħϵǹӰƺ˺ܶ࣬󼸺ˡָоóīѹӢ۳ĺĸоϣʦȴ֪ôο
нǲпģ츳츳ûܸıʲô
ãħ츳лԵģʦСҲǣ
һֱ̤磬˵Ǹ߽ף·߳ȥ֮ҲһˡƾʦսǸ޵еħֻˣ
ǺͻҲȫīеˣīԽǿǾԽġ
кܶϢ
Щ̤·ǣʼһͻˡ
ȴÿ˶ܳΪ߽׵󲿷ֵˣͻ֮󣬶û뿪·˵ǻռ䡣
ڳīĴȴ࣬Ϊļսûʲô֤ߡ
īҡȻᴵʲôЩս˳Կ˵ˣҲû˵
һϢ
벩ԼųȥģҸīһսûԷ⾳£δܻʤԴڿʼ˳УԺңҪҴˡ
Ϣ𾪣ϢĵһӦϢ档
벩ʲôˣеٮٮߣ
˶ϣʤҲǼߵģ
ԴӳûʧܹôûԷΪ£޷ܳī
Ȼ벩û˵Լܣľ粻Է⣬ûܻܳīĻʵ͵ǰˣΪ˭֪īľ磬϶ǲ벩ģ
˫ͬһˮƽϣô벩ʮа˾šҪܵģ
īôǿ
ܶ·ϵʿȫһɲ˼īһҪһϸ¡
̤·Щᶥ콾ĸޱȵĽĸûһ޵еģ
ܹܳīǾ˵ǿԳԽ벩ˣ
벩Լ˵˳УˣȻ֮һ
׺ٴηŻīһ
Ѿǵڶˡ
ǺͻҶЩ߿ǻңӼᶨԿȸľġ
īû̫оϢҲֻЦЦѡûʲô˵ġ
˵ЩǺϢĻͬҲкܶ಻õϢ
кܶʿѾ·ϡ
·ƽʵΣ
֮ӣΪվ࣬ű
ʿ·ϵͻնˡ
·һЩǿ飬ʼʿ
ЩĵĺϢЩϢĸࡢҲ㡣
·Ͳ̫ƽýܵõԵ⡣ҳ˵
ǵͷǰҲ˵ˣ·ϵ鶼ʮֿ£ЩʿǴ༯·ܶʱԼ·뵽·ԽԽŨҲԽΣա
ī뵽֮ǰλʥ˸ԼµǾ仰˵·ϣԼһ׮Եڣûҵ
Ҳ˵ĻԵ·
īţ̧ͷŻҺǵߵ·ľͷ𣿲Լĵ·ľͷ˵𣿡


1116 ҵľ
Һȫ΢΢һ˰죬Ҳüͷƺعı֮ǰЩߵ·ľͷġعı֮󣬻û˵
˵Ҽǵ˵̵ͺ´һЩˣ޽ӽ·ͷ󡭡ʧˡ
Щȣ´˶ʧˣ󣡡
ī룬˵ߣȥ·ľͷͻơ
ҸӾȵĿųīֵܣģ
īŻҵڿЦ
⡭ҳһ£ͷ˵ʵһγ֮ǰϱ˵ҲҪøԶ˵·ϻԵΣղ棬Խ·ԵԽ࣬ΣͬԽ󡣾˵·ͷʼǿػʿ뵽·Ľ֮ǰû˵Һ´˴ʧ£룬֮ʧܣʮа˾šҲǸطʧܵİɣ
īû¹ù˵£ΪصʱʱѾЩˡǺ¡ȻҲпǺ³ĳЩԭ򣬲˵¡
ҽ˵еǰ·ϣÿ˶ԼĻԵҪȥǿʲô
һ˵ԭһǿḶ́ǿ󡭡Īͨ˺ˣ͵ȹһ
īͷ˵ĶԣбһǿḶ́ǻǰЩ̫ˣ
һᣬȻһ˵ҲǣЩսʽ΢ֻʣһЩϵû̫ɫġҸڵĻ·ϣҸ㡣ߣ˵ȥͷһԥӦ޳ɡ
ᵽ磬ҵЩ䡣
īŻʵХĳҵ𣿡
ҡҡͷûҵˣѾлɶˡ
īŻң˭
̾ڳǸ塣
īüһң
ҵͷҲֻǻɣûȷ֤ݡ
ôỳɵҵͷϣīѾùˣ֪һεӵ·ڰ·ϱ̵ɵһ֡뵽·֮һ˼콾ԼƻȻɱǼҲٵǿߡ
ʣ¶ٲ֪ڹ·еЩˣϵ£Լ˰ɣ
Щߺ޵˵Ҹ󲻾ãһУ˼ûΪԭƶɵĵҩĳǰȥ棬Ǳȴ˵ǺܾǰġĻֲֻǣһЩɢСͶߡǶɣǵҩǡҸƳɵģΪΨл콾ѪƳɵĵҩŻӵ˵ЧǼֲи׷飬ڲ鵽һҩӦңһˣ֮ǰ׷ɱǸʣ
ҵ۾Щ죬ʹ飬һֱûκ˵Ҳ˵ΪԼ̫㹻ǿ󣬿϶ƷҼ壡ɱһˣܹͷ֮ޣ
īЩꡣ
ѹֻҳɾѪƳɵĵҩԵúԥԭ岻ͬûе⡣Ϊҵĸ绢Хʮа˾žǱҵ˸ģ
ڹҲͲ֤ˣֻҪҵ֤ݣͿ԰ٷְٵȷǸɵġ
н磬ܶʱҲҪ֤ݡ
īĻҵļȻ˵ǣ·ͷȥǲȥ
ȥҴ˵ҲټӣұҪ˵ĶԣбһǿĹ̡ǿ߾磿ûִôΪǿߣ
ãߣīЦţһΪġ
ҲʮֿģһˣͶһ˵Ҷһֱչˣһ֪ԭҲԼĴһ档
ⲻûǿӸ߿һۡ
һˣֻжΣ˳еĳ졣
··ϣīʻΪʲô벩Щִ
ҿЦ֮ǰ·֮ǰ벩Ű϶ôˮһ𳰷
ʼղ֪ΪʲôҪҡīЦ
벩Ϳ׺ЩŰĸԴǣīһʼ֪ΪǸʱ״̬״̬֮·Ѿˡһ·ϹҲûüȥע
ī֪Ҳ̫⡣Ż˵Ϊԭ򣬾鷳ɣ
ҵͷǡҿӣ񲢲ǿô򵥡ƺ滹һЩʲôԭ򡣡
һ˵ǵģʱҴڱչأҰûǴһ£ƻҴڲѾͻƵˡ
īüҪ
ҷ˸ۣ㵱˶ô£ҵʱҲûһͱǾųˣ˵ӰѣӰ첻̫󡣵ûмʱĻǿΣˡ
ôɱһ׷ߣҲûɱī૵
ȻûɱǸ骵Ļ쵰һƺұչصĵطҷŭĵ
һǰֳ˿ڶīЦ
ҵͷûҪлл㣬
ʱ˵ҿ벩ˣƺҲûа̶ֳȣΪԼ׷ߣԸΪʲôҪʱԹأ
ī룬˵£ܻˮʯģǸɱ֡


1117 Ѫħ߹
ҳȻɱ֯ɱֵĹأһУԶǧڶγ֡ԣѾƻɱֵĹأ϶Ǹɱ֣ӹɡô棬϶ˡõӦǲϧκδۡҲҪɱ㡣
˵ô޹ӵˣӦþˡ
ҡҡͷԣеĴ壬һĵĹأǾǣ˽˶Թ˽˽ˣ׷ɱִ壬ôʹ͵ܣҲ̫ܹӶɱ֡Ϊǻ˹ء
룺ҲԣܹӶɱɱˣȻҲܹӶɱǼӵܡ
ֻǳңļһأͷȻųī
ī룬Ȼ˵ǼǵǸɱߵʱӳһɣ
ǵãӦһֺǿ˵
īŻңɽʱһǿߣҪɱҡʧ֮ϵϢﵽ˴޽ɵľ磬ͳŵƬղȡ
Ҳ쾪Ҫʲô³е𣿡
ī˵һԴ
֪ɽû£īҲãҺǻֺµĸо
ɽɲ磬Ҫǵطһ޽ԱֱһԵѡ
Һȫеץصڡ
ҿųīˣ
īͷԣˣ
ҳˣ϶ܶ࣬ͷһ£Ӧþ֪
ɵ˿ȥɽ约㣬Ȼɱֲ·Ҫɱ㡭ֶΣǹҵġ˵
ЦЦҹƣҵġںͷ
һߡ
պ·ߡ
Щ˺İҲʶȴʶī
ʱĳīѾָ˱Ŀûʩչٱ
īǰɣųսߣǺǣҺҲˣԣҲս᲻ҡһʮ꣬ɢһվǣбųīߣݵŮӡ
ī΢΢һֹҪ˵ʲôĻҺǡ

еһȻǵһؾĴУ
һأȥе㺮ᣬٸЩءߵʿһؾĵȷЩ
ԶԣҲҪָ˭Ȱ
һؾĵԸ߽׵ȻֻйķݶɾʿǼֱһĴڰ
˵ĳī۷Ҳֻܣһɾʿ˵Ѿһ˲漣ˣҪϵʿīôһ޵еĵģ޵еţҲԼܹ׸ɷһ
˵ǰֻһ
ߣȫ۷徳Ĵʿ
꣬Ȼ˵Լˣľ磬ȴ۷壬һһɫѪ콾׵һܣ
ŮӣȻûɾ磬Ҳȫ۷ʿͬʱҲɫȼѪ˵Ҳš
һϣҪ˵˵ϣû˻š
һγī֮󣬾Ѿָ˹ȥȻЩĳī˵ġǸáҳīҲѾˡ
֮ǰ֮벩ûȫûǸɱֵĴڣīȴ侫׼λȻһɱشǲѣ
ȺˣûȳīͨǱ߲ѾЩ˵Ϣֱӵӳ뵽īľʶС
ԣīֱס˻Һǡ
ʮ꣬룬ǲʶɣ
ȻûϵʶͺáǺǣһ˽͸ȥСһû뵽Ȼһ硣Եˡǿء
ī¶֮ɫ
ʱ˿̣ЩȷˣȺˣʮа˾šǸѪħйصģ
ΪЩ׽ˣû֪˽ʱľһѣүүȫ٣
ҲһѣóīĿʼ׵ᣬҲ׵ĶԱ¶ʼΪӪʼ̤֮·
ǰ꣬ᵽ˽磬ָīų꣺Ѫħʲôˣ
˸ƺܵ⣺˵ΣҲҪʾ̫࣬Լ뵽𰸡Ρ´ˣҸѪħ桭ûϵ
īЦҿŴʯͷ㱻Χɣ
Цһмī֣ݵŮӣɫһƺżֲŵɫ
īЦеĿŮӣǿ»֪Լ׷ˣѪħ϶צɣ
·֮ϣȻἰ䣬Ҳᱻ·ӡΪֹûĴߣܽʶ̴·֪طԳīʹѪħҲǺ顣
Ůеһȵ죡ҪǴˣ
īٺЦǴˡ˵ôʲôˣѽѪħϹµģһֻС
ֱӱŭ˲֣
Ȼγһֻ޴İƣдź嫵ϢͬһޱȵĴɽݺī


1118 ս
Һ˸Ҫīȴͺһˣ˵ţŻҺһȥ
ȫ۷徳磬жȻһ˲Ϣ˳֮ң
ǳЦţһ·׷
Ǳߵ߽ǲûг֣ȴһֱ棬ڱⳤ꣡
ס˵һ£īͬʱҺǡ
ûκԥֱӳ֣򳤷ֻ֡
¡¡
һ죬ֻӦ飡
ֱ飡
ʱе۷ĴʿһһңֱӳŻҺǳ˹
һ۷ߺ͵һؾȻԶԶţڿ֣ȴȫ˳ī
ȻǽǳųīģΣҲóīߡ
īһתͬʱҺǴǶһסܣǧӲƴа취˵ţīֱлӰ粽ֱԶݡ
ȥ·Ѻ׷߶ˣ
̲סЦԭֹؼʱ̶ͬɱûκܣ
˵ţһ·ųī׷гϷʺƣ֮¡
īҲͷԶݣӰ粽ת¡ȥӡ
գۼ䣬īбгʮȻߣҲŲͥһĸں档
С뻹
īţ롣ͬʱʼоеı־־嫵ؾīзӵ롣ռľ뱻Ťʹóīٶ˲䱩
ãҪܣеĵ۾һУ˵ȥɱ
˵ţߵ˲ʧУһ̣Ȼֱӳ֮⣡
سɴĴͨڵĴչֳ𾪡
գۼ䣬Ĵоͳǳ꣬ȫ˦
ʮʮ
˵֮ң־Ĵʿ˵Ҳ˲Ϣ飬ҲѾīŭԷˣ
ȵǰɾߣҲӣ̫ˣ˵ţֱ̽һֻ֣ųīץ˹ҹɣ
ī־һ
߱ߵĴֶ΢΢һͣǺݺݵץ˹
ȻƴˣҲҪī׵Ŀס
ʨȫһؾȻûκ֮ġ
ۿֻһǵصĴɽϾҪѹȵīͷ
һ־޴в
磬Ѿӽ۷壬Ҳǿķ
һץīôīôǿҲҪѹƣ
ʱ򣬳īȻ䷢һȻӶе߱죬նޱµһ
ڤ˵еĵߵޣ
īһҲ飡
һѾԽͨķ룬Ĵ
էһһƺƽ棬ûʲôر˲֮ʵϣһ̺ķȴԶīڵ磡
ۣ
īһͳɳĹââĳ̶ȣֱնֻɽϡ
īоеһն˲䱻һ룡
Ѿȶɣ
ȴΪһУ˲һ롣
ģֱš
ЧȴǾ˵ĺã
ɳĹâֱӽֻǵصĴֻˣѪһѪӣ
ǵ֮Ѫ
¯ֱӾͷɳȥˣ
ʼĽЩѪҺ
īֹȻʲôǿĵôɾѪҪ߼һЩǿԴպҩ
ϵһ춯صͬʱƴľʹҲŭ
벻һɾϣȻʩչĪһˡ
Сұɱ㣡һؾʿ
īವһ£ڳԶȻչسɴͨƴӡ
Ǳ߻¯ѾеѪҺȫӹ⣬Ҳವһ·ɻʼڳīͷ֡
ҲŴ֣ڻ¯ȼţ¯ཹðȻһؾʿѪҺ
ѽѽˣ˶챻ˣûôŵϡȻҵѪҺ
ֱ޷ܣ
ƳһĵѪֱȼ˲佫ٶ
һӾ˸īľ룬Сӳүүģ
īҲ˵ֻӡ
˺ܿ죬Ѿɳǧ֮ң
ǳ۷徳ʿȻ׷ϣ롭ȴǱԽԽԶ
վǱҪ׷ϹҲҪʱ䣡
ԣīֱվסˣһĻͷһؾߣҸʲôԩ׷᣿
ȥүүɣһؾʿЦţȻһ
ֱǲҪˣ
õܣһɣȻ
ڵУӳȴޱȾˣ
һѽɫķɵ
ಣ
ɵ˲̴ա
ֱīŵġǳīĵ̨


1119 ͳͳ
ҪһͰѳīٵĽ࣡
һУīܹҲ˵һУҲ᳹׵ķϵ
ֺĳ̶ȣޣһٻó
ˣ
¯˲䵲ڳīǰ
һ޴ĳǳأ
ͬʱīϵĲҲ貹âīȫ֡
īʱȴӲУֱӳȥһݺһؾʿˣ㿴ʲô

ǰѽɫķɵݺײڻ¯档һ춯صľ졣
¯ֱӱײɣײīϣŽīҲɡ
һɲǣ澳֮塢ͻ¯߼ǿīµĹͷȻ֪˶ٸ
߶ʵֲ̫ˣ
ֱĴɱ
¯ͲȻȫǶκγīľ̫ˣ֮һӲ
ԣ¯ͲսзӳҲվ޵ġ
վ߱ս͵
ʱ߱죬Ҳмһƿص
ʱһؾʿȴͻȻ¶顣
Ǹī׳Ķһ۾ϳһˣ
ʲô
ûӦǸˡϣȻ䱬һɾϢ
ϢһؾʿǾֱս
ȷЩվˣ
Ǹʲôϣôܱ߽׵еϢ
һؾʿɻ󲻽⾪īӳˣ˫УͻȻ⣬ȻһȭʿŴȥ
īǱӰ𣺡ˡȥɣ
һж̫ͻȻˣ
ʿѾʤȯգҪȡīҪīϵ⼸ķ
ǲı
ߡ
˭龹Ȼ˴ľ䣡
⧲ϱӰϢѹʿȻûܷӦ¶޾ĺȻâֻȭͷͫԽԽ
飡
ǡ
ʿڷӦҪˣ֮ǰʽѾϡǵĴУҪˣ˿ҲҪʱ䡣
ʱ䡭Ѿˣ
飡
һȭݺʿϡ
һ죬ֱӽʿԴ򱬣
ֱӴ
У˲䷺һɰ˵Ϣ
ǵӰ쵽Ƭصĵ·ΪС
飡
ڶȭҹȥʿĵ֮ϡ
̨飬Ԫѣ
һĴУīȫûκ֣Ҫʲô治ǻ
ȭһһؾĴֱӻУ
īıȴѾˣͣУɥʧж
ǰѽɫķɵһʧȥԴವһ£Ҫƿնȥ
飬ӡ
ֱ߱Ӵӳīзɳ˲䶨סǽɫɵ򵥴ֱĴϳȡԴ
īľ
ɱʿ֮󣬲ͣΪʱޡīάֵ߽׾̫õʱ䣬ͬʱҲսپñ˷ܡ
׷ĳ۷ʿۿңԶķ򱬷ս˻Ϊʿ̲סʩչɱˡ
ЩźĶߵʿ˵Ƕûõͷ
ʿЦЦйͣģ˭
Ц˵ģֹͣҲȥʱʹһֲٵĶǣ
ʿ϶ЦˣЩĵĵǺãǸζʧˣҵͷָжŭأ
ֻڰ˵ĳӣⱲӾֻˣǵңһƾЦ˵
ʿͳȫ̲סЦ
ǵЦݣ˲佩ϣΪͻȻ俴һڹâеӰ߷
ԣʿһ
Ҳסⲻǵˣ
漴ֱӾҪߣ
Է˾޴ʣ˭ǵͬ
䣡
һɵϢƺƵѹ
һ㣬ֱӽʿѹɪɪ֮Ķ
߽׵
ôܣ
˵¶Ȼ;
ţϼһҪ߶ߡ
飡
һֻ޴ޱȵȭͷֱҹǼɡ
ȻֱֻԲˣݺһƣ򳤷
ž
һ죬ֱӱιȥµ䡣ݺݵˤڵϣֱҳһ޴ӣֱȥ
īڶԪԦ嵽۷ʿǰһ˫⣬עʿ
Ҫɱҡʿ־
飡
һֻ޴ȭͷֱӽʿ򱬡
ʲǫ̂ʲôԪ񡭡ȫҷ
󣬳īԦ·ȥȥĳһطȥ


1120 ͬ
ȵع鱾֮󣬳īıѾӽԣˣڶԪ˵ϵ󣬵վġڶԪѸ̨ջصС
īϣȡŵҩ̷ȥȻʼĬĬĻָ
ԻҺǵʵס۷徳ʿûʲôġ
۷Ůޣڳīṹʲôв˵Ůӣƺ֪ϸѪħǼֵʱ򣬿ĵľѾԸӵĳ̶ȣֱдˡ
Լʱ䣬īĶϹѾӺãҲָһЩȻڣɵٿصȫһȻл¯סҲóīܵСĴˡ
ƣҪһʱܳ׻ָ
īһȻڻеĳ꣬ոռԦһƴĹأȻûҪҲ
߽׵һƣǿķǿɲǼ򵥵һơ
һƣīǺŭȥġ
֮ûɱⳤ꣬ΪҪ֪һЩ顣
Уī֣ӡȻһȭĵϡȻˣīһȭȻɵ̨ҳ˼ơ
ֱѣһĿЩͣȻĿųī㡭㡭ôܣ
˵ţΣҪѰˡ
ˣˡī˵
ܣ͸ոս㣬ô˵˵ţȻԼ֮ǰǵڹâеӰͿϣ˼ĵ֮ǰǸˡǸ˭Ƿһ߽׵ԣԡǸ淢ǡǡķôܡеķ
ֱӱŵЩ˵ˣĿĿųīеѾһԸӵĳ̶ȡ
硭н磬֪īˣ֪мܳԽǿͬʱ֪īǿսǿᡣѪʲôģܾǰѾΪ֪ˡ
ȴûһˣ֪īߣȻһߵķ
ϢǴȥ»Ὣȫ
ָоΪԼѾ˽һˣҲ֪һȴͻȻ֣Ͳˣ
־Ὣֱӻ
ڳžָоԼҪˡ
һ쵽˾֣սǿƥɾܱȼ۷˵ļһȻһߵķ軹
ֱǱ̬
ֱ
ôִڣ
Ȼ˵ԼʲôˣΪûЩ˷
Ϊֻ֪ҪгһͻƵ磬ռ䣬ԶԶԽЩˣ
ɵףԼȻһֻ֮ܣ֮ǰнֱֿ֪Ц
ʲôţ
ţԶ֪ļ
Զ׷ĽŲ
ˡˡֻһȺĸľ֮ܰˡǰһȺСѡ
һУͬǳ
ԣ֮ϣ¶ı飬ųīɱҰɡ
˭Ժη㱳ʲôˣѪħ֮ĹϵǸɱ˭ʲôڰҡīһƽĿų꣺ʵҸһʹ졣
϶ǲġ
ʿ˵ҪĥһˣǧַīҪ˵ʲô϶Ƕġ
꿴ųīûжٿ־壬Į³֣룡
īҲЦ˵У㲻˵Ҹһ¡ǶӦ˽ɣǺǣ˽Ļͦġ˽Ƕ֪ԣӦúʵźܶţȻҲˣʩչܻЩ鷳Ҳܴ󡣲ûϵһĵ𣡾Ҫһ£һʩչû취ͣãǿ꣬ʹ̶Ӧÿõʱ򣬾ģҲûκ塣ȻҲѡŻǼǿӲȥûϵһ֤㿴
ī˵ţƽų꣺һ䣬˵ǲ˵
ԥһ£ɬĵûѡأ԰ɣΪһˣȻóīŻڲʵ
ûСī
̾˿ҽвͬһϵļ壬Ǹɱ֣ҵ֣вҸ֮䣬ûκ棬ҵ档Ȼһ壬ȴһԭҸЩߣûʲô𡣵СͿǵĴڡȻ˵ʵȴûκԴˣһһȸƾʲô˵ʵȴҹֱ·֮ǰҲ֪ԭҸһĶħźĹϵҸʲôΪҵѾӡҷޱҡ
ͬ˵ţ̲סЦл·ҿǸԭõǰ;


1121 
īŲͬ˵ô˵ǸɱֲӦȫѪħߵˣǸԵ涼֪Щˡԭ֪ɣ
ͬͷǴСܸоԼЩ콾ЩһЩ콾ǣ򣬿ǰӵԲμӸֶľۻᡣ˵԰ǸطҾʹûȥһͨĿƬûСҲʹ棬Ϊʲôǲܳͷ˻ϣѵҪ׷𣿳׷ѵͲҪ𣿡
ͬ˵ţ¶һ˿į֮ɫ˵ÿ⣬涼ѵǣ˵֮ˣҪʲôǸʱһЩԼЩ̫ˡ۾ֱֻ֪ܿҲƭ˵ġ̫ߵǺǵݱ¶ΪѪħΪ磬һȺߡѪħйصЩ壬඼ֻʣһЩǲҡ
󣬲ָͬī˲ٸѪħйϵССȻжʮ壡
֮棬ͬ૵Ѫħһֱ׷Ѱ翵·ɹһգħһ죬ʱؽͿ̿Ҳ֪ôģȻԸһħЩˣÿһ˶һȫѪħ˷ӡΪԭɡ
˵˵Ѫħɣ˽ж٣īʵ
ңҶ˽Ĳࡣͬ̾ϢСʱ򣬵Ǵ˵ƺһǰǸʱˣԭӦһͨʿƺõĳħ幦ʼ֮硣վħ幦ģ˵䣬üΪɱ󣬱ҪɱջǱˡ
ͬųīʵѪħ֣һֱһɵĻ⣬ûʲôȥҴûԼˣȻϵһ𡣡
Σǵõīʵ
ͬҡҡͷǼ棬õѪħһΡҪɱӦúܶ࣬ЩСһΣ˺ܶӵܽ·Щ˵·ϻûԵΪֻǴҪ顣ɱ㡭ǵһλģͬɱ˴ӲΣΪ㣬ҲƵԼĹأֻҪһеκ͵Ĵ࣡
еɱҵĻᡣī˵
ͬһ۳īûһ£һ£ͬóǱʵûбסҲ᲻һеĶ֡
㵽̹ϡī˵
û취ЩͬҲһڶͬ˵ţųīɱҰɣ㲻ɱңҲˡһν·ˣȫ֪ʧܡ߳·һ̣ڡ
áīͷûоֽܾͬɱ
뿪ŻҺǱ߷ȥղͬ˵Ѫħһ¾Ҫɱ·ϣЩƵʿĿľݡ
Ȼͬû˵īҲ뵽ֺ϶ô򵥣ǳʹࡣΪһû˻ȥ
ǱǺͻˣȻڸ۷徳ʿս
ˣˣսϣ϶кܶ಻֮ʤѪʢ
ʿʧȥ˽׵ϣܹǿףҲ֮ǰīɱһؾʿһǿǿ̤硣Ҫһøߣܡ
˫սȻ˸ƾУûзֳʤ
ʿдϣֻҪǵɱ˳īôǾ㳹׽ˣ
ѪħйأʿܶǰѾ֪ˡжǳѪħĴʲô
ǿ϶ģ
ȴǱȱɱҪֲ
ǾۼһЩѪħжôҡ
ԣսҲұѣ
ҺǶԳīǳΣҲЩǣڲųīԴģһ
ʿϵ䳰ȷ
ǸСûл·ʶ࣬͸Ͻȥǲɱǣ
һΪ˭һһǶ֣
ǺǣС»֪ɣ˵Уһǿߣ׷ˣɡڸĻͥͶǼҹӺˣ
ǣǼҹӱ׷ǸСǿֹٱ
ǺͻҲ˵μס˳īĻסˣ
ǽīУ׹᳹˼¡
ͬʱʿսҲ˶սǿߵľѸӡƽʱûôõĻᣬ۷徭ḻʿս
ʿȻϴŻҺǣȴһ㶼顣
ֺ
սǵǸʿֿڷ̵ǵ˾Ҫˣ˵ͷ㡣ʱʧΪĻɱеû˼
䣬Ȼʿı¶ϲ֮ɫ
ʿЦС̫ˣСϷҲ˼óƭˣ
ԶʣһӰٷͬʱһߣô


1122 ׼ʥҩϢ
Ƕսʿ͵һݣ¶˼֮ɫ
ʱһ̹һ⻪ţȴץסһݼŵĻᣬȫļһϣ
ʿ֮£Ҫ˺󣬴ķ˳屬ҪյС
ȴˣ
һ˵ȥ޻صһ
ʧܣŴ󿪡ʱʿһҪ
⣬Σ
ǼīѾ֪ԼһӮˣ
һ˲䣬ľ񣬸Ҫκκȫһϣ
ԣʿ޿ˡ
ۣ
һֱӴʿؿڣ۷徳ʿֱӴ̴
ţǵһš

ʿֱӷһ춯صĲҽУǿ࣬ҲĹֱӱ顣
һ̣ʿҪֹ̧ǣҪͬھôֻ᣿һֻϣ˲һѺĳһɨʿͷ
֮Ѫֱӳ
ʺѪҺ֮ϣޱȵޡ
ֵܣ
ǱڸҶսʿһҪ˹ɱǡ
ҷһȣݺһȭʿ֮ϡ
۷徳ʿֱһѪһ¡Ҹһȭֱӽʿؿڴ򴩣
ʱҵϣѾ˺ۡѪȾ졣ԵʿʵһҪʤһ
ôվŵˣң
ȵīɵʱҵʿѾ˻ɱ
ģī¶ϲ֮ɫΪҪԼæû뵽˾Ȼһ޴ľϲ
˵ʿܵӰ죬Ǻͻ˵ܻɱˣҲһʤʤǿ
Ǵ˥Ц̲ס죬ϵƿʼоˡ
ǵҲżˣǺءĶϧ񣬶ǵƮݣΪѱ˵Ǵ󿪴ϣӲӲս֮·սʽڲԷ£ܵ˿϶ҪһЩ
īȡ˵ҩָˣ˷ʣ˵ˣȫˡ
ҵһЩŵĿųīôģ
Ҳһ𾪵Ŀųīղ˵׷ɱ˵Уһʿ
īͷһһؾʿˡҲˣᣬҪһʱ
ǳ˳飬ƤӶֱųī赭дģúǲ˼飬̾Ϣһһһؾ硭ҲǵȻֻˣûаֵ½Էȫɱսֲ̫ˡ
Ҳеţīɻãǣīľ磬Ȼɡ
սֱˡǴȥ¶ġ
ûʳīôģոһ䣬Ҳʶһ䡣ÿ˶ԼܣԼֵܵܡһЩ
һսӼᶨ˻Ҹųīһߵ·ͷľġ
ǣֻԼˣ
뵱԰ſˮ׷Զͳһ԰𿨣һȻ˵˭ŮΪ˲赹ˮʹ˭԰Ƿ档
ֻĸо
ʱǶˡһʱŮˣȻԶûˮôߣҲǵصص֮ӡŮˡ˭뵽ԶȻǸôӵˣ԰𿨳԰֮⣬ΪϷŪˡ
ǼˡŲǸڡʱȻӦһءȴζˡ
ƾʲôˣѵΪݵλȱͿˣ
ؼʱ̣ǳīվסϣһԵ
ɹ̤ɾ磬ɾѪֻɵĵҩɹͻƵ۷壡
߳·ʮа˾ŻΪһŮۣ
Ů޲ŮۡȴʮֺУ
Ůž޵ŮӣһǧҲһ
ǣȻ˸ŮᲢ۵ĻᡣжԳīĸм֮飬ѾﵽһԸӵĵزǸرڱˣϺ˵̫мĻСȴѾģһڹߡĳɾжߣδ߶ԶǰǣԶ׷ߣ
Ȼ϶ˣȴûͣһ߸·һˡ
Ϊͣδؾǰȫġ
պѾ·ϣ˺Զľ롣жԶԼЩ˵ˡ
һ·ϣȺһЩʿһˣ˲ҪǰֱˡУΪǱأ˾
ǰһǧﴦһɽϣһ׼ʥҩܶ˶ţǵ·ֱӷκٴǸطߡ


1123 
һ𾪵ĵ׼ʥҩûɣȻ׼ʥҩ
ǵҲŲţ׼ʥҩûɣ·ҩ
·Ȼһֱ׼ʥҩϢ·ÿǧͿһΣ·Ѿ̫Σʿ㼣̤·ÿһأ˵׼ʥҩҲͱ˷ˡ
Ҿ׼ʥҩͨҲǵߵС
·ϣǿʿЩʿУǴĴǿߵģ
һҪ׼ʥҩѾԽҩѰʿͿץƾ׼ʥҩɢǹϢ޷ӽˣ
ؼ׼ʥҩʮ㣬һ꾹Ȼᱻ֡˶Щɻ
īһʿֵ̽ܣ׼ʥҩʲô֣
Ǹʿ¿һ۳ī˵Ȱ㻹Ǳ̫̽ˣֵܣЩûʲôǿʵʿûʸȥ׼ʥҩġ
һԵһʿ˵׼ʥҩ˵зӣϢڷ۵УǷҲѰķ磬һ޷ֵܣ㻹ǱʵʵˡЩǣ˵׼ǵ£ѽ·ǿȥǴû˵ʵжԶ߶Զˡ
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ʱһ˺ȻǷӦǸʿǡī
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ǸӵˡӦþǻˣ
벻ǡոոī˵ʿȫһ𾪵ı飬ȻЩڡ֪Ͷī׽ˡ˵ܸأ
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·һɽ£ۼ˺ܶʿĬĬǰɽ
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ϵĻңɾʿǧɣԼˡ
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ʿϷѺôһʯͷƴ
Ҳ˵ܻǳĴˣһҲδܽɽ׻顣
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ԣɽµʿû˼ŵõӵĿа취
ȷַӵģˮȻ԰УԷΪˮڳīϣⲢ˵ˮǸûµˡʵϣҼѧԨԴˮӺСʱ򣬾˷ḻ֪ʶ
һЩ֪ʶƽòԸָʱͻá
һΣҲһ


1124 ˮ
ˮжϳɽзۣȻָɽ֮ƶǷкܿжҩġۺڵóһ˵ϢɽҩģӦһ괫˵е׼ʥҩʮа˾šǷӣ
ΪֻзֲŻϲܾڷ۵Сҩģͱǿֲķ˺ˣﻹҿ
ȷطз֮ˮϲǡ
ϲǣ׼ʥҩȻӵĻȴôꡣܾĸ۵Уܶסĸۣ۸ҽһȻһֻ
ܹס۵ķӣƽͣΪԣͨ˳
ԣֻҪܹӽ͵ڳɹһ룡
ʣһ룬ȡ׼ʥҩˡ
Ҫһ
׼ʥҩԼǿҪǷǳѡˮ˵Ҫɽѣṳ̂磬Ҳа취ȥ
ڵǣȥȻͬҲܣ
ҪռӵѶȣԷ⾳ܳīߡ
뵽⣬ˮо;һǿҵĺ⣡
ī
Ǹ˵ǵĻ
֮ǰԼһսôô˶Լע
߸ոշ˷ӵĴڣǱһˣȫޱȹĳߣ
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Ϊʲôע
Ҫ֪᲻·Ͻɱīô뿴ôһ԰ʧܵĳӡ
ˮ֮ǰû뵽ôڰйע
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˫վһԣĿǰɽ巢治֪ʲô
ˮҲͦ޻˫ģȴòͷѡ˫кΪûл˫ĻƾԼû취ȺĿ֮£ȥȡ׼ʥҩ
īˮʬΣǧ㣡ˮ˸űĹâк졣
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֮⣬мûô¶ԣʵȴһ㶼ѷɫ˵ʿĬĬվǱߣҲڹ۲ɽ塣
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ͷȷܹõҩԶһһഺء
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˾ΪˮǸŵŮˣǾʹشˣʵϣųһŮľɫˣһ۲۵ıɽ
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ˮžɫϣЦݣȶ½ѩͷȻֳһЦλŮá
ľٶȴ˼볯ˮһ񣺡С̡


1125 ˭
ˮü΢˵˶ٴνн㡣
΢Цɷϡ
죺ʵ˼ҵнء
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ʱĵĵǼӣǲҪС̷أ
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ˮĿͶ׺壬ȻϣЦټ˵սī
ս׺ȻˮźļɵսԺȻ̲סǿҵķŭֻ˵Ҫһ˵ҪսսƾҲսǺЦ
׺˵ţˮžգ˵Уǳīʲôϵʲôȥά
ˮ˵ѡеδ˵Ϊʲôά
Ȼ࣬ˮ⻰һ˶һ¡
½ѩһ̲סЦЦˡ
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ǸεεľŮֱͬһƯĶħ̸Ц̫ˡ
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ôҪܣˮкȻ¶˷֮ɫսԷΪô
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ΨŮˣҲֻŮˣһûС
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˫һ˵ʱ򣬾ͲҪ˰ɣѵ㲻õӣ
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·ϻûԵ߽׵ľ磬ȻûߵԼ·ġͷ
֮ǰħСˣڻĻԵ֮󣬽߽׵ܿ춼ߵڸԵġ·ͷͳ·
ŮΪʲô
ŮһʿΪ棬ΪЩʿûԵǿһؾ磬һʱ䱻·ų⡣
ֻҪؾ磬ͻ֮û˼ռ䣬ܿͻߵԼ·ͷȻ󱻴ͳȥ
ѵ˵Ůӣʲôطɣ˵Ѿ߽׵磬ȴȻûߵԼľͷ
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1126 ɱ
Ů΢΢һ٣ûлͷҲû˵ϵԱøǿˡȫˮͻ˫ѹ
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̲סһȫ¶Ȼ֮ɫ
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ˮдŭ˱ӣһŮˡзڲѣȥչسĳ嶯侲ûѰԼĻԵԵˣͻȻҲˡ
·ϣǿû̫ġ
ΪǵĿ̤꣬磬ߵĸߡ
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ʼվͱųĬʿҲûжվڵʲô
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1127 ǳī
ˮЩ⣺ɱ֣ڿЦ
˫Ŀһˮǰûô
ˮʱ˵˵
˫˵ѵȺ˵ʵǲ٣
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˫գգۣ˵Щʱ򲻴ʵǿ󣬾һܳΪӮҡ

īŻҺɽһǧĵط¡
ס˵ȺУһЩ˵ġ
½ѩ׷ߣõ׷ߣˮ׷ߣ˫׷ߣһЩףī֮ǰûмЩˣȴϵóī
ˮļ׷ߡԶ˫˫ʱˮߣȴ׷ߵķͯӰ
ͯӰīߵǣ΢΢һе㾪ǹϢ漴ʹĬ
һεǳսΪЩƫīߣˮϴĲʹ졣
ͯӰûҪĻͥȴһ׵顣ûгΪˮ׷ߣУ׷߼ûκʱͶˮĶͷˮ˵϶һ澡ʧ顣
ͯӰȻЩˮһЩҲֻһЩѣȫû޵ĵزڣһռū
οīҲֻװʶ
˫˫ųīŸӵĹâҪ˵޳ī϶ǼٵġǳͻԭȻԴڣѾܿƵˡֱӵˮܣ澡ʧöˮĹ˫˫ʮʹ޳īҲʹԼ
ʱɾ磬ǿһ㣬ǲⳡսͲ䣿ĻҲͲкˮīһսˮҲʧǼˡ
ɽӱȰ
һị̄ˡ
ˮսܸ˾ģнѾ÷з·һֺݵĶݺݳˮϣҲЩ׷ϡ
˫˫ʹ޳īȴҲЩѧˣ֮ǰ԰ſԳī䳰ȷĽֻĿųī
Զͬǳīԭ˫˫ࡣһǾǣī˫˫ѿˣΪ˳ľ޴ѹ
ԣԶīͻҡ֮󣬵һӦǣΣҲҪǸ˵ʲôҲȥȡǷ컯׼ʥҩõҪˣ
뵽⣬ԶȻЩ㱣˵ѵԼѾϲīѾʼϳīǸˣ
ǰȺˣīû˿仯ƽ˵ÿ
ʲô˰˵ÿÿһüĿĿӣĸߴͽ˶бųīϴżֲм
ʱ˫˫Ȼ۾գգǷһĨЦһ˵ǳī


1128 ÿ
ǽüĿĿӵһ漴üһ俴īΪĹâǳī
īû˵ֻƽĿӡ
üĿĿƺһӾŭˣŭȻ
ī΢΢üû˵ֱӳˣ
˭Ҳû뵽īֳ˸ɴ䣬˿졣
飡
ȭ֮ȭ
һۻ嫵˳ųīȭͷֱӺ˳ȥ·ҪƬֱӸ˺һ
ӵУʱ¶𾪺Ȼɫû뵽īһԲϾͳ֣û뵽ֻɾʿȻǿ
ոһԤĶīȭͷѾǰ
˲ӵؿڣֱӽɡ
ڰУ̲סһѪݺˤԶƬʯϣʱҳһ޴ӡ
ЩȫƤֱǶǸӸоۡ
һɳھĴʿīһзŵ
սУȫˡ
˳֣ҲͲ˰ɣ
īһӽ˵콾һ˿ѷɫκ˵
Ϊɾ磡һɣ
ھѾսˣôͻƵɾ磬ֽǿʲôز
ˣһȫĬˡ
ÿī˵һ顣
һΣԶվĿųī˵Ķˣһ
ī̧־һȭ
޻ֱӴ
Զŵæˣһ̡
ܹΪˮߵ׷ߣʵô
ȻûܱܿīһȭֱӴˣѪˤƬʯС
˫˫ųī㲻Щ̫Ե𣿡
īһ˫˫˵٣û¹ҿͷϴ
㡭˫˫ʱзһǿҵŭ𣬵ȴ޿κΡ
ʱһİŮӣ˵ȥɡ
Ů˵֮˫˫ֱӱͣȻһԸı飬ȴֱһԡ˵ı֣Ҳ࣬ȫĬĬÿס·
ԶһЩֵʿȫȲѣͬʱҲޱĽгīսҲܽȥһ
׼ʥҩȺʿջȫѷɫ·ܹõκλԵ
ϧǵľվǲһߣȺ·߶ͻơ
īһ˵Ůӣ΢΢ͷл⡣
ǿͻƽȥĻīҲĻҪһ򡣶Ҳˡ
īǺͻɽȥոշųīȥŮӺȻڱ˵ҼҴˮ
ī΢΢һ
Ҳ΢΢һһĨ֮ɫ
һ£Ͻ¶һ˿ζı飬Цųī
Ůӽ˵ոһɵˣҼҴ˵׷ߡ
Ŷī˵ͷû˵ʲôֱӳȥ
ŮҲסڲԣû˵ΪѾ˼ˡ
ڳīԼüŪ۵ĵˮһŮٺ٣˵ϵܣ޸治ǳĽ
޸øΣīһۻҡ
ҡͷ޸ܣԼŰɡ˵ﻹһͷĸϻûСҲ̫ܲ֡ˡûոǸˮ׷߿ô
һ˵ߺޣǿҵļʡ
ԶԶԣݵķǳУһԲ¶塣
īҡͷЦǹ˰֪ǸˮôģҸزʶ
һ˵һָ飬ݡ
ī̲ס˸ۣһ˳ңˡ
˵Ҿþġ
ʱԶɽ£Ѿս
һȻϵĴսƺǳҡ
ī΢΢üͷ
ҺҲǸ򣬻Щֵĵڴܣھ̲סô
һǰߣһطЩһ
īҲоˣƺԽǰߣŲԽء
ǧ˰ľ룬Щʿ˵ʲô㣬һسɴܶȥˡ
ڴ˿̣ʩչسɴ磬ȴֻӳʮԽǰԽǿÿһ߳ľҲԽ̡
ʱ򣬲ȻһϢīɵģ
Һ˶Щȣ˵ӦеĶ˰ɣ
ҵͷȻӰ쵽һطķ϶
ȻԽԽǿī˻Ǻܿɽ£Ҳս˫
īȻûмˮֻһۣѾȷǸ˫ŮӣӦþŰ϶Ȼʾˮˡ
ˮսЩˣȴóī˲üЩϵϢ֮ǰɱĲͬûκ
ŵķ񣬶ʮֽӽ
ѪħĲ࣡
īûκζĻֱӳȥһ׼͵Ϯˮʿݺһȭ˹ȥ
Ҳ͵תͷīжʱ¶һ⣺ī


1129 
ΧˮʿҲȫ˳īͬ⣬Ȼȫ˼ˮֱתī˹
ˮī۾ʱһīţ
īͷߣһȭһʿϣǼֱӺ˻ȥȻ˵˵˵ʲô
ˮЦеĿųīû˵
ǺͻȻҲȫսԳīˮ֮ĶԻһ˵ʲôǸ˵ͬСħһɽ
šŮˡŵŮˣƣȴûпЦ
ˮīһȭҷһʱ޵ҵķ
˵ֱӼļһԳīˣ۸ҷ㣡
īǳˡ
һˮ޷£ֶ۷Ĵʿһ̬ĳīܶԳīʲô˺ˡ໥һۣҲûԥתߡ
ǣī׷Ȼ󡭡ԱҲҪɱ˳ī
ǷǳƵǣīû׷
ˮҲѾǼıؼָЩ˲Զݼǧīû׷໥һۣǸΪ׵СʿһƵĵ̫ˣ
˵ͷǰһʼΪһ׮׾ɵڲ֪һӰ
׵Ĵӣˣ
Сʿգգۣ˵ҿǻϵͬˡī̫ѶԸ˸ǱŽУплᡣϣ˲Ҫܹռˣǲܵһ£ңֻɱ˳īǲŻнµ
ȫһصĵͷǶ֪·ɱīô뿪·ľǡûֹܹҲûܹ⿪ѪеĽƣ
Сʿȡ˴ʯʼ洫ڵķһ⾫ϵ
ɽ£īûȥ׷ЩˣеƲûг׻ָ˵滹ǣɽӡ£óīһЩ
»һ£Ǿˮ
޾·ŮӣЦߵߣ´һȻһĵͷţš
ǳīԳȣҲɱˮ񿴵ЩëһŹֵĿˮû°ɣ
ˮ˵ţϲ¶ֽ߱顣
һԵĻҺȫĿɿڴֱֹǸ˵еķŮˣСħǸ޾ս˫ɽ
̫˼ˣ
ǲ´һī뵽˧˧Ҳˣִ澭ҲȷʵʵŮӡҲû̶ֳȰɣȻˮ˵׷
ȿȡīЩεĿˮȻЦˮ֮زʶҡеµˡ
֪ѽˮȻɫ΢죬ЩߣȴȻЦ˵ѽУ
īͷߵĿˮˮܱЦ𣿡
ߣȤˮһĺһȻ˵ˣϽ߰ɣɽȥӣ˵ˡҪĻԸ㹲ҵļױûݶ
ң
ǣ
˵Ҳֱ̫˰ɡֱʱ˲ŸоӦǸˮ
īһˮƾʲôһҪأ
ΪѽˮһȻ˵ɽϵ½ѩ桭Ƕһߵġԣƽ˭ܵõ˭ġ׼ʥҩҲɲ˭õܵõĶ֮⣬ˮͻ˫һһ𣬿ԷӳءС
ˮĶʿ൱˽⣬һ֪Һͻ˼Ĺϵһ˫ˮûϵ
ˮųī˵һ£Щ֮⣬һµĴڡһֱɣǸ˿϶⣡ڽ߽׵֮󣬻ܳͣ·֮ϡǸȴв
īˮʵ˭
ˮҡҡͷҲʶδһźµŮˣϻɴɴǼʶ޷֪ࡣ
īȴ΢΢һ漴ҡͷЦ˵Ӧòôɰɣ
ˣŵ߰ɣˮųī
īҲ̫ס
ˮ˵֮һһ͵ġİɣ˭㣬ҶẦ㣡ңҸ̵ǺѣҸ´ˡţҲǳʶ
û취֤ʵˮĻΪ·֮ϣʯҲֻʹá޷ϵ硣īҲΪˮ˵ѣΪʵûҪ
ðɣϣ֮һ͡īͷ
ˮ΢΢һЦȻһȣɽȥ
ܿ죬һ˵ӰʧƲ㵱С


1130 ֮
˿̣ĸܶȫӵһϢ鶼ýŶ
ġ𣿡
޷𣿡
Щ֮ǰǿºڣ˵϶ܽīʬΣ
̫ˣǲ뵽
ܶ˶̲סգȴ޿κΣɽϹ
ΪǵѪУʹĳֿµĽƣȥǲ֪飬ڣȫħֶΣǡһǳĳƺţħצ
ɽвǧҵĵطˮֱӼһ˶ڣϵıɡԳī˵Щɱô£Ϊʲô׼㣿
ӦøѪħйء£ī
ΪѪħ棬ҲĹСȻˣīͲ顣ܹѪħµЩӣӦòѡ
Ѫħǿṳ̂һ֮ǰӦҲ̤ߡʱ򣬶ϵеצҲ͵Ƕϵһۣ
Ѫħ棿ʲôʱǵˣˮԵЩԾųī˵֪֪˭ѪħƳģ
˵һȺѪħĵͳȻϳߵ𣿡īˮѵ
ģϸڻе롣Ϊ֪˲ࡣˮųī˵Ѫħ棬ɲ˭ܶԸġһһĻ磬ûмĶ֡ΪǸʱѪħ棬Ѿǵؾˣ磬ĴȻ٣ɴﵽؾġû١ѪħսΪǿᣬֶβ̡˭Ҫǵ͵ǵ˴ùԷţԾѪħʮаΪ꣬ˣȴ֮١
ݺꣿīЩϢ˽Ĳࡣˮ˵ҲЩȡ
ΪЩ飬ҺǣҲ˽Ĳࡣ
ţѪħԼһǰǸʱ绹ƽΪʱƮŮۻڣˮѹ£ѪħΣֻĵķչԼǧǰƮŮʧѪħ濪ʼ޼ɵ¡ǧʱ䣬硭ûƺѪħһص֮䷢һսˣˣˣϢȥ֮ʶһ׳Ѫħĺûᣬǣ
Һȫҡҷ벻Ѫħ̣Ȼ±ġѪħҲǿ󣬻ڣ
ôܶûܽɱ˵ʵжǿ
īȴע⵽ˮУѪħսǸˡ˵¸Լйأ
īˮ
ˮҲÿīǸˣ㸸ףǸʱ㸸ף𡣡
Һȫһ𾪵Ŀˮǲˮ˽ôеԾԳīĸ׵еԾ
ӡ³ɵ̤У˵ʵһ޴ܣˣĽʷУ൱ģеʿӸߵͣƺԺС֣
żȻἰҲǺܿԺʧһ֮ǰ׿˵ڽɵ̤УҲֻڵʱһȡ󣬼ҵˣȫ֡
էһƺûʲôϸ˼һ£ȴ˾ޱȾ֡
һڽųɵΪˣôĬĬţһؾĵ硭Ҳķ
īҲܸпû뵽ѪħϳƬ羻ˣȻԼĸסڤڤڣӰؼ顣
ԼĸشѪħ棬ϳ磻ѪħϢģǱĲöֶΣԼ˹һ
ԼҲѾܣѪħ˵Լ϶ɱ֮ˣ
³ɺްκˣ¶Ź
ҵĸסأ
īһĨ˼֮ɫĺۼԼĸסڳʲôӣǸˡվİְ֡
ˮųīĬһᣬ˵㸸׵䣬Ҳ̫Щɱ֣˵ӦþѪħµĲˡ벻ǾȻܷչǿЩСЩ顣ͷһҪЩң
ʱһѾߵǧɸߵĵطȻ俴ǰмӰڲǵļѩصС
Ȼ½ѩˣǰˮͻ˫ˡ
˵ٶҪ΢һЩҲޡ
ɽϴķѾ൱ֲˣÿһ紵Ŵ̹ǵĺ⣬·Ҫ˵궼ɢ
Ǵŷķ磡
ʿĵ
īͨһ£ʲô磿ô£
ǻ֮磡


1131 δޣ
˻ӦȻָīһϢ֮磬Ϊؼķ򻯳ɣһĵУӰ죬вͻٲ
īľ벻ɽϾȻ˴գԥҪҪ˵ˮʱֻˮһصּ
磬ûҺһ
֮ǰǾóīϵı͹ˣڲ֪һɽһɽߣˮϣȻ˶ķȫۺֱһƶαⰡ

ǻҵͷ
ʱô㣬ôƺ˽īļѵǳīδޣ
뷨
ʱҲֱӸ˳īһʾǰɣѩǿǱأ۷徳磬Ϊѩ꣬ҪСġ
һβƺԻóīЩԾҲů
ô̫
īǽŲŷֵѩ꣬ˮȻֱӸӦĴڣڵһʱӦⲻòóī࿴ĵŮʵ
ǰʮԶ½ѩˣҲ˺ˮˣͷˮ˰֡
ʱˮͻ˫ˣѾ޽ӽѩ֮أ
ˮ½ѩһֹͣơ½ѩ΢΢һʱһ춯صȻ
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طĻ֮൱аԣԽĻ֮Խࡣ
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ѩ걻֮紵֮ѩѩѾ̺ع򡣸Ѱѩ
µѩκʿ˵һѣ
׵ģˮͻ˫
ֻ˵ϣȻԱһâ
ˮϣһĿɫâ˫ϣһ߲ʹâ
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飡ˮ
Ǳߵ½ѩˣΪˮѣҲʱγǿķҲֻü޾عѩ˲佫Щȫû
Ȼգۼ͵ˮͳī⼸˵ǰ
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¯˲Ŵ󣬽ȫУȻޱȳصĻϢ
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ˮҲͬȫ߶Ȼ¯ǰǿ󣬵٣Ҳ԰īֵһЩ
ҺҲûţڴ߶ŸԵķ
ЩԸĶ콾ڴʱ˿ֶ̣ʿ˵֣ȫһСĸо
Ҳ֪˶ãƺƽʱ˶֪Լ˶
ͣˣˮ
Ӧͣˡī˵
ǳȥˮʵ
֪ΪΣڸոճī¯һ˲䣬ǿƵˮȻһҵĸооͦҸģԼû£ֱӾͽȨ˳ī
īҡҡͷȥɽ
˵ţֽһ䣺ֻѩ껹ء
ѩꣿˮ΢΢ü˵ոǸѩ飿
īͷûǸǸһֲܿöԸ
ԭⶫѩ꣬˵ڷ۸һ飬޻ҪһȷǿĺԣԶһСˮ˵ţȻЦ벻㻹ôԨҵ
īʱһ
ʱˮȻ˵СʱҾ֪Լһδ֪Һָо֪δݵǸ˵ӡ
Һȫ䣬һԱ顣ȻڰУЩʿ˵ֺڰҲûʲôֱ
īҲĬţˮ֮ǰ˵һ֪ͣΪΣھ˵˳
ˮ˵¼ֱ׵ҾЩ˼飬һȾüЩǼֱ̫ˣƾʲôôʵľ;ҵ£ҪǣҵǸδ򡭡磬ˣҲ֪ġûӣЩǻ֪ҵļ峤ȴһֱƶĸң˵Ǹ˿϶ţҽȻвǰ;
ˮ˵⣬Ц˵ֱǲܸˡȻ׻˵ɻһ仰ӡӸͬ˭ܱ֤ĺһһֱҶܿ¡
Ȼһ죬Ű֪Ǹ˵ϢȻҾʹǸʱһֱĬĬİйע֪кܶ࣬Ҳ֪һϲŮӡ֪鵤С֮Щϵ֪ʫͶҲߡˮ˵⣬ͣһ£ǻᣬҾԼˣֽѵĸо


1132 ֲƶ
ˮô䣬ǴżСŮãǲ֪Ϊʲô֮ͻȻúܲʹ죬ָоǣǱĶȻ㲢ϲͻȻ䱻ˣÿģܲʹ졣ǣ¶ģҪ㣡Ϊ׮ҿֱ̫û˼ˣһ嶼ûСǸʱΪġ
īʱ򣬺Ȼ˵ʵڣҲû塣ԣʵҪΪ¿յġ
㲻ϲˡˮȻЩߵ˵
Һȫ̲סǳ鴤ţЩεվоˮͻȻĶ˺òᡣ
ȻҼһֻĸϻֻĸϻǿƥƽｫ۸ġ˵ˣú˵ϲ飬ŻҵĶһʹ
ѻѪͷȻʩʩȻıչȥˡ
ǣС׷Ȼ٣ȴûһܿ۵ġʵҲгһգܶһ˵ϲ㣡
ɵڣûС
ԳīҲǸмͳݣҪ˵жϲжȻĶְ˵ĸоûй
ˮ˵עʱԽã˽Խ࣬Խϲ㡣ϲǿƲס֡һֱΪⶼҵĴŰϹȻʾҲҪ֪ҵĴڣЩҪ۸ˣɵֱոսһ̣Ҿˣϲ㡣ûǿȣҲûκ򣬼㣬Ҿϲߣͻðġ
īĬһ£ü˵ʲô
ˮжʱ¶֮ɫ
ʱ򣬻̲סһǸǲǸóˣҪ̸˵ԵȻû˵ĵط
ˮЩмĿһۻң棬˿е³īո˵Ǿ仰
Ҫ˵ĻϣīҲʧȥ˵Ǿ仰ȤϽ߰ɣЩ飬ͷ˵ˡ
ˮ̲ס˸ۣ˵˭һɽһȻһӦҪǻҲ廰һܻᵱܾ˵̶ֳȣˮҲЩ׳īˡִ֪磬ʿɶֹ¹ɵĵͷ
ʵϣˮû˵ѣ˵Ҳﻰ֮ѡʱ˵ⷬȴԭġ
Ϊ֮ǰᵽǸŮӵʱ򣬳īķӦЩԾˮʱɫȴ档ʵ̫ˣȻֱӽǺŮˣ뵽īϲǸŮȥ
īϲŮһ飬Ѿʲôˡ˵Ůʱ򣬻һ䶯ɫѪ콾
伣ˡ
ȻīѪħ֮˶ԹܴõϢʵޡˮɽõЩϢƺīϲǸ幫֪Ϊʲôԭ򣬸īֿˣ
Ȼ֪٣
Ʋ⣬Ƿˣ
ɳīڷ֮󣬲ûȥѰǸŮ˵īǾ幫֮ĹϵǾӦһĲǡ
桭һʲôӣ
ˮ֪Ҳʵ̫һ㡣
ոͻȻ˾֮ǰйһʥǼʥħˡħǼħںܶǰֱ羫ء֮羫ʧ
˲֪ˮȴ֪ġǼħʥȥ硣
塢ħ幫硭ħ
£
Ŀʾˣ
ˮǿֲƶһ̣ӵ˼£
ⷬƶϣ˵īĻһѳīŵΪֱƶϣ˿˿ֱۣһ㲻ǳīԼȥ˵Ҳ̶ֳˡ
ˮֱǸͻȻðĺŮӸī֮䣬ĳϵŮ˵ֱܶʱҲǷǳ׼ġЩˣ»ͷԷ֮᳹ʧȥеƣ
УˮֱǸ㵽ŮӣԸϣȴû˿
Ű幫Ȼʾɽµĵȴ˿ˮǸҰҺ޵ŮӣֻԼ֪Щʱж飬жûµľǱīоܾ
ãīûŰϾܾѾܸмˡʵϣīûܾǶʱ䣬ʼҶĲ裬
ɽ¼īһ̣ˮѾףҪҵġôһˣ
ˣδ
һ̣棬ްԳԹЩмȻĻƾʲôֱ׳ĹȻʾ
ˮֻһ£ǾǣǸŮӡǧҪǸĹ
ƶǴġ
áīԶҪټźءȻ֪뷨е㲻̫ʵˮ̲סȥô롣
ܵеϣܻĿİ
һˣںصĻѩڶǰСѩܲһ㣬̺Ŵķˮһǰ濪ٶȻ
ѩеķҲһ̶ȵ˵٣ǵĵǰ˵ĵ飬ջǷˡ
֪Ŷѩ棬һȻ󡭡һֻ޴ޱȵצӣֱĻѩУ˵ǰ
ˡ


1133 ·
̲ס̵ġⶫôô飿
˵ţֻ޴ޱȵצӳֱӺƹһǽƲɵ
ĸֱӳͷѩ㣬ܿѩצһȫЩǱ
֮ŷǱˮ˫½ѩˣҲȫһǱվǡĸЩ˵ϣż֮ɫ
Ȼոѩ͵͵ѩߵ˲ֹǳīǼҵ뷨ȫࡣ
ʱȺҲѾ˽ӽǧɵĵط֮ХҪֱӴ
Ȼͷ޴ƥѩ׵飬ĿȺˣлżֳŪ
Ϊѩûˣ棡
ѩƺûм˼Ҳû·˼
ͬһСɽĶˡ
ˮͻ˫һȻͷһ½ѩˣĿ䵽ī߼ϣһĨԹԳīλȻͻлȳīһţǾԲŹġ
ڲУ
ͷѩ꣬ո˫Ҳͼйȫǳ𾪵ǣͷǾ飬ߵĵز
ƾ۷ȫȴԶʲôơѩǿֲƥǿĺԸŪʮǱ
Ȼֻжݵս˶ѾףҪͷֲ·飬ƾˣ϶ǲġ
½ѩƣֻклᡣǸŮѾȥˡǱʧȥȫĻᡣ˫½ѩ˵һ𹥹ȥΣӡʱҾ͸ƾºˡ
½ѩЦЦû
˫ͷֽĿͶīߣֱӴӳīӹˮˮ˾أ
ˮ΢Цġ˵ţɨһԵĳī
ˮǳ˳顣
˫Ƥֱ
½ѩһ
һ𾪵ĿˮǶû뵽СξȻģ
Ϊʲôأ
ˮ˵ûʲôϢǱӵġ
һηķŮˡСħһǾ͵ս˫ĵˡˣȻֱӽһȥбӸ˷ŭ
˫ҲͬԳīˮϸеЩ˶ʲôֵȡӣ˺ܴѶȰ
ӣأ˫ѹеһЩ˼ĿͶ˳ī
īͷҲû
Խͷѩ꣬˭ûа취ǶԺǱġôԷҲòűȥ
ʱ򣬻ȴֹסˣ˵ȸͨһ°ɡΪʲôﵲ·
ʿͷѩꡭͬҲޡֻһΣһûаˡ
˫ͷܹͨòˡʲôҪ󣬲ֵ̫ĻҲ
޶ữΣҲ޶Ը๵ͨͽͬΪĻң˵ѩ깵ͨκѶȡ
һͷѩ֮꣬󣬻ҲԳ壬һͷ޴İͻϵϢͷѩҲ¶־֮ɫ
Ϊסǣʵ
ڳˣȫ˵ʲôīȴ֪ǲֱӽ˫Ի˹
̤˲̤ľ˻ȥɡѩͳԻ˵
ǣǰ棬Ѿ˽ȥˣ˵һŮӣ˵û
Ǹ˸ǲһǾ壬ϴơѩ˻һ֮Ĵ𰸡
īڲѩ仰ʱ΢΢һ¶һĨ֮ɫ
Ȼ
īЩţ⼤ͻ˱ߡΪʮа˾šѾˣ
Գī˵˶ַŭ顣
ԼϲŮˣڣȴѲ֪١
ԼȴΪ
ֱߣڳīӣţ¶
ߵˮĿһ۳īдżɻʵö
ī΢΢һ˵Ů˵ֱȻǿֵزҡҲ̫˰ɣҡҡͷ
ˮһɵĿһ۳īȻͷתǱߣĵŹ֣
Ǳ߻ʵƣʲôƣ
·ѩ겢ûʲôֱ˵Ӧ·ѾǺܾǰˣ·ϣõ·ƣ·нС
ԳĻҲ̲סɴһ˫ۣѩ꣺ô˵Ҫȥֱӻˣ
ûûѩ˵ţ۾Ȼɴ󣬲˼ĿǰǰѵĻȫ˻ȥ
ѵԵ𣿡īûֱ˵
ٶҲǱߵˮͻ˫˸һ˵ö˶˵ġôͻȻͳˣ˵õأ


1134 ʹ
½ѩҲĿɿڴĿһĻǿɷĳīȫдһ¡֣׳īΪʲôͻȻŭˡµǣĺÿ찡
Ҫ͵ϮĻмֱӶ㿪ģ
ˮ죬Щ߷ߵĿųīıӰһţֹ˵ôӦ϶ǺŮйϵ
ѩһ˫۴Ķָüĵѵӵͷų˿˿ɱУоһϤϢһ൱ԶĻ䡣
ѵѵˡ
ѵȱѩ˵Ȼȱǲ֣ȱӵи·ͬЧ
īһЦֱӽ¯
䣡
֮ӻ¯д£ڰգֱӽĻ֮ס
أīʵ
ЩĿɿڴĿųīޱ𾪣īΪʲôö
õĲѰһּΪϣԿԡͲġīѵ壿
ҡҡͷ뷨˦һԡ
˴˿ҲȫˣīǶģ
Ļ쵰ôʲôˮЩʵĿųīзڡ
˫īĿУҲһ˿ļɵһе̫˰
Ǳѩһ˫۶Ż¯˰죺ⶫôҲϣҲԡѩ˵ţƺʿЩųī񣬶˲̫һ
īֽŵֱӳȥ
ѩ꿴öƵһ˲䣬¶˼ɫΪʲôϣ
¾ˮ˫½ѩЩҲоͷļ֮ˡȻּֿĹȴܴŲ³ѩ˼
ھȣ
ˮϸϸĿڿӵĳƣûֻ֣зµĻƣ·ĵϡ
Ƕʶ
𣿡īûлشѩĻֻƽһ䡣
ѩĬһ£ʵãΪʲôϣ
ī˵Ǳҵġ
ѩ꾪ɲĿųīһ˫۾УǿҵĲ⣬¶һ˿İˣȥˡ
أīһˡ
ѩҡҡͷǲԣֻȥ
īˮЦһ£˵ֻҿȥ
Ϊʲôѽ
ƾʲô
ˮͻ˫ʱЩˣǧΪȥȡôڣʣǧɵľ룬ȴȻֻűȥ
½ѩĿͶҡ
ҵͷûô˵ġ
ˮʱȻЦ˵ˣԵǣȻϲȥǾͲȥˡ˵ţĿһ۳īˡ
ǲУǱȥˮЩջĿˮȻ½ѩô˵
½ѩԥһ£¶һĨ֮ɫȥ½ѩ˵ţˮ԰ɣȻĻĲġ
ˮ룬˵ǾóīȥˣǸһܣӮ˵ĻȻȥҪˣ˵׼ʥҩԵ
½ѩһ۳īȻͷǺðɡ
ǱߵˮȻвʣҲֹˮͻҲ˵վڳīǱߵġ½ѩˮϵܲһ㣬ҸĹϵҲȻûֱ˵վڳīǱߣҲѡīΪС
˵ˣԼߵĻ˫ûаѳīɵˡƣ
ˮֱӷ˸ۣ˵ˡ
ī½ѩ˱˱ȭȻֳŻ˫¶һǸЦݣˮͻҵȥˣ
ˮһЦͷԼСġ
Ҳųīأ
īͷֱĹѩ꣬ɽʵǶȥ
ѩȻûжԳī𹥻ɳīȥ
ˮ̲סߵСıǷ
طÿǰһʮּѣ磬ѵ⻯֮硣ڳЩˣȻ磬ҲͨˡϵķҲ֧ŵɽ
īߺǱһȺ˶ѩֱӷ˹
ս˲죡
īͷһۣ̲סҡҡͷ
ѩķ̫ɫˣȺ˹Ȼ˶ûСÿһͬɽء
ȺˣҪͻѩȥѡ
īţӿ˽Ų
˵֮ǰֻһҪõӣôڣֶһ׮¡Ҫ֪ǸŮӣ˭
ѩ˵Ǻܶǰ߹·ˣȻָꡣԳīҪ굽ȥˣ
һҪҵ㣡ܸĴۡīᶨĹâ
Խϣ֮Խǿңط̺֮ŵѾǷˣһ˿˿ҵĴϢ
һСģͻᱻϢ񣬴ӶӰ쵽Լĵ


1135 һԾ
īĬĬΨҾ
Ψҡųһе
ΨҶ
¯ڳīͷţɢųޱȵĻϢҲĻ֮סųϡ
ϳīǿᣬĻ֮ȻֲԳīɵӰ죬ȴޡ
ĴŭԶȥīϵȥڵɽ
Ȼһۿɽм䣬վŵǸŮӣŮǰһķۣǸطۿȥʵʲôûСƽȫţǵطз۴ڡ
ʶ֮£ɽеλãȴޱȻֲ
ʶֱӽ飡
īʶһߣȻоԴ΢΢һʹ
ǾǴ˵еķˣӡӦǷ
ʱ򣬳īĿ⣬ͶǺŮӣԥţʵ𣿡
Ůתͷųīķɴһ˫һĨζī벻ɳٶô죬еҵԤϡ֪ɽ磬ӦΣ¸ٴĴۣѹġ
දС̣
īȴ֪꣡
ģīԼ侲һ˫ۿźŮӣŷɴûа취ı顣
ѾʧˡŮ˵ɣȻҾɱ㣡
Զīһһٵ˵ĿŮӣĺʹȻ˵˭Ǹʲôһ죬ҪгʱҾŹ㣡
ǺǡŮ﷢Цҵ꣬ѾںһʵҾңгһգӵֻҪµȥ֣ɱҾǡڴ֮ǰһɱ㣬һ˿ִʧ
Ů˵ţЦӦøеңطʺ϶֣Ȼһֱɱ㣡
īźŮӣȻЦ㣿ɱң
ŮӰȻҪɱ㣬׾٣
һ񾳽۷壬ʵֻڵˣҴԲѡī˵Ϊ˺壬ھֱܰնˣ
ŮӳĬţɴžϣ֮ɫ
ܾȣ벻īȻˣȵͬʱҲЩ̿֡ҲеǾǣΣī˺塣Ҳ˳
Ů˵СѾͷ벻Ȼĸء
޳ܣǿΨһдһɵĲ
ŮӲɫĿųīܾã֮ĸܶϷʱ򣬶СӣǸͶʲô飿ҲûнӴ죬ɽ硭Ȼûദáֿ̹ĵĸôǲŵġҪ˵еִˡ˵òġԶõġȻ롭ǿһס
ī俴û˵
ҿһΡŮˣ˵Ķ͸㣬϶ܾҲܾģ԰ɣóԸǷִҲ͵ˡӴԺ·ҵ·֮䱾ûʲôԣ˫һֽѡ㿴ߣôиŮӣǶ㡣ȫΪһ˿ִΪһŮˣôõŮӡǵ껪ʵһ
īЩŵĿǰŮӣɫЩף촽Щ£˵ҪҸĸģҲֲֲڷвֻ֪ʣϹСʶ࣬ʹйȥһԱԪģǷһ顣Ȼһ죬һֽгȻóѣ
ʱ򣬺ŮӵϡӦ˵ϣȻ䱬һޱǿҵ̫ˣɽɽ֮ϣޱƽķۣʼЩ궯
Ϊ۵УǶϾκģ
˷ֲ棬ûκܽӽۡ
һѳԼϵֱۡ
ǵķ˲䱻ƽķ˺Ƭ̶㡣
žգڳڳīǰȫᡣ
īһ
ţϣ¶֮ɫСˡҸ᣿
ʱٴ𣺡ī˺һ㣡ǸˮҪǸŮˣȢ
꣬㡭īȻʧɫΪƴšŷȥ
Բ𡭡ⱲӲ㣬ǣİ㣡ܰܰҺܿģҲҡ棺ռˣյġ顭ʥӣ׼ȷ˵ǸвСŮŮġ֣ŻöģҪɱ
˵ⷬѾǳѡžڷŤ
һǹȻһѱˣˣҪɱ㣡
ǾһɣҲͬʱ
ţ壬ǿֲķۡһԾ


1136 
īһ˻
һж̫ͻȻҲ̫ˣֹ¾ռǵʥӵ꣬Ҳȫû뵽Ǹľ幫Ȼ˸ҡ
Σ˲ûۣţ洫һĲҽȫǸѱģʼգ꾹Ȼûٷ
īоԼǰһڣһתĸоһ£ˤǡ
ʧĿѾʧεķ۴
һ˫Ｘȫʧȥɣ˶׵Ĵǡ
һĻ·ǰݡ
һѪ˳ųī쳤Х
·ͷѩ꼤սЩȫ¶ɲɫ
ǺͻҲûвսѾīǱŭ˵ȫ¶֮ɫ
ˮУȴ¶һ˿˷ܣЦʹ죡ȥΣʹ˰ɣ
˫üͷһ߶ѩ귢𹥻һа˼ɲǸս浽׷ʲô˱˺ͷŭ
ˮһĨɣīһߵŭ֮ĶŲһ¡֮ǰƶϣƺµʲôĲеĻ˵Ӧһ²Ŷԡ
ɲ֪ΪʲôīǱ˻ˮֻкʹһ㿪ĵĸо
½ѩ棬ҲȫȵĿɽķ
ʱѩȴͻȻ䷢һֱӷǣĳɽȥ
Ǿ޴ΣһԾϰɣգۼʧǰ
໥һۣû˿ԥɽķȥ
ǺͻҲȥǶԶȡû̫ϣǵĳī¡
ɽ
۴
ʧ档
Ǵۿʼ궯
䣡
һɺ嫵Ϣر·Ҫ񷶼ѹһ㡣
Ϣ̫ˣ
·Ƭ񷡭޷ȫ£
ţһɫֲӷпٳƺҪֱƿȥ
ӣ
īؿڵĲ˲˳ȥâһǷֱʧС
Ȼ󣬲ֻص˳īϡ
ʲôûзһ㡣
Ǵ۾ȻҲһ죬ֱʧ
ڷʧһ˲䣬ֻѩꡭֱۣһš
īɲԭķ۴ʲôûˡɽХҲѾѰɽ硣Ƶ棬ʿ˵Ѿûκεв
ԭܾӵĵطһ׵Ĵӣīֱ߹ȥû˿ԥ׼ֱȥ
Ļ
˫壬Ψһġ
һĳô۵У
ʱȻһСӣȡ˷ӣ
īͣΣɫƽת󷽵Ǹˡ˾ȻǴһģһĻ֮ӿ¡֮ǰѡ·ߣӦȫһ·ˡĻ֮ޱӿǵĴУδܹܡ
īǰƤòӢŮ˼˶Щʵӣ˭
׺壡һȻĿųīӣȻԼ
īƽֻ˵һ֡
ȴȻڸոյıʹС
һĻлͬһƬ𺣣ȼգ
Լܣ޷ϲŮɢʧԼǰʧ˽硣
ȻʹԼܣȥûκȥأ
īޱʹԼҲޱʹǸʥӡ
࡭ȴһС
Щҡ
£׺ŰϹҪսīˣȻڳīǰҪīӣһȻģ˲ͼ˳īŭ
ƫƫģųīһ֣׺Ҳŭˣ
õˣ콾δܼ۷ʿʲôʱô
ԣ׺ֱӳ֣طĻ֮ѾʧҲˣֵĻȫûκӰ졣˿׺޹˼ɣ˲ͽһս۷徳磬ݺһƣųīĹȥζ
īȻлˣҵ£ﻹ뵽Щֱӽһս㣬ͬһ㳯ſ׺巴ȥ
һȭ
嫵ڹֱӴա
ȭ֮ȭ
һȭ
ʯ쾪
īٶ̫ˣ
ͬһӰ׺¶һĨȣ˵һ£һ¡
֪˳ī֮ǰսǱ˴ģæīֱջأȥīīһȭ
飡
һ졣
ֱӲӲĶײһ¡
īʩչе־ɽ
վһû
׺ֱ۴һ΢Ĺ̲ס˺üһĿųīôܣ
īһȭȻֱ۹ѿˣ
ǹۻײʱ򣬷·һ޴ɽײڷڡ
׺ŬϢԼ壬īУ˼־֮ɫ벻īĽսǿ



1137 ȸ
īͺһȥǸѨѰ䡣ĻΣҲҪҵ
ʱൢһᣬΣտܾ͸һ֣óīޱȽꡣ
׺ģӴָȡһѹӵĽȻ˵īҳǿѾиһսʸˡ
׺廰û˵꣬ͿһĨ⣬ӭͷ
ǵ̫Ѥˣ
̫ɢĹâҪҫۣ
׺ʣµлȫīһϡ
ֱӳǰѽӭ˳īһ
ϣ
޴Ľ춯ء
׺彣Ͷˣ
¶޾ĺȻ֮ɫȻ֮ǰ˵˳īǰѵ൱£аŵĺܣƺҪ߼û˵īĵܶ
һ׺޿ɱܣһֱֱۡӾͱն
ѪҺ˳˿ʳֱȾϵ
ӣ
׺ͻȻ䷢һ֮
ֱӻһֻ޴ƥİɫȸȴһֻѪ
ڵϵֱֻۣҲֱӻ˾޴Ŀȸ
׺Գ壬˶ҪˣֱӿβһƯë˲仯ѷĽǧѣǧ֧ǵأȻī
̺޾ɱ
ǿȸһľɱ
һϵһ彣նϿ׺һֱۣԭδĳī˵þȫ
һն֮󣬳ī̲סһѪ˵ɫ쳣԰ס
Կ׺ľɱīȻ㣬ûκֱӼ¯¯⣬īеɫ̨תڶ¡¡졣һ㡣
ķתطо
嫵ī嵱зӵ롣óī䣬˼
ǿеΪ
׺ˣûΪ
ⲻԪӤڡǸʱΪһǧī䲻ҲѾɾʿ磬Ǿ콾ҪҲҪʱۡҪôƷ쾧ʯīֱؼľٶȾȻ쵽˼飡
˵ʱ٣ʱ졣
һʵǵʯһ˲䡣
ӿ׺屻ϵһֻ򣬵ԳβϵëīؼľԼǿΪ
һж䣡
¯ȻŴ¯ڳǵصĿȸ𣬾ҪЩȸȫߣ
׺ŭЩëȫǳʼëӵмԵģһ֣ôߣ
´һԦЩȸҪƿ¯ɱī
ΪڵĳīǿΪȻ
׺мţܽɱ
û뵽ǣֻ޴ĵ¯Ȼ졭ֳĸ¯жϱīм䡣
жĿȸֱ˵¯С
ȥͳˣ
޴ɫȸĿ׺巢ŭޱȵС
ҵëң޴İ׿ȸԣŭ
ʱˮ˫½ѩˮͻҡЩҲѾϵֱӿôһĻȫס
֮ǰ׺Ȼһɽȴѡһ·û뵽Ȼǰ档
Ϊʲôīˣ
ѵѾīˣ
аԲ²⡣
ʱȴֻ¯»һ׺ǧȸоŰٸ¯ߣ
׺ŭɶ˶ˡ
ʱ򣬳īӻ˼ΣǿΪһգۼɺڣеƣȴˡ
ңʱҲѾЩˡһѳֻ޴ĿȸȻӽ¯УһԾֱ֮ǰµ޵׶ѨС
Ҫɱ㣡ֻʣһֻľ޴׿ȸ׺峹׷ˣҪ׷ȥ
ʱһ⣬֪ж೤һ磬˲һŮӵ䣺Сȸ˵۸ҾŪ㣡
飡
׺Ǿ޴Ŀȸֱӱɳȥɽˤ䡣
ȥٴγ֣صŮԡ
ֵˣˮ
ž
ˮúݺݵĳ˿׺Ǿ޴ͷһƣֱӽ׺߻ء
־ŭˮҡ
ž
һƣ
ˮ䵽£ûһ˿棬׶ŭʲôҵģһֻ򱻳īǰɣֻҲˣȻĻŲ㻹ܳ
ˮ˵ţһ籾Ȼޱȵĵ棬ֱӽ׺һֻ¡
׺巢һĲҽС
ˮͻ˫Щ˶Ƥ
һ澪ˮԳīάһ棬ȴˮǿս
Ȼ֪ˮսǿ󣬵֮ǰƺҲûôǿ
׺ɲʲô
ˣĶ콾
Ϊһν·Ļᣬ¼ǰѾ̤УΪĴˡ
˵ˮҲ˼ǿߡҶͬ𡭡Ȼ˴Ĳࡣ
˫ˮĿУóɵ
һֻˮ˵ͷԿȸᡣ


1138 ˭Ҷһԣ
Ǳ߿׺۵ĿҪȥŭûԹôĿǳڳīˮԹŮˡ
ӿȸΣֻ첲ȴˣ˿ڵѪһ˫ۣޱԹĿˮȻ߶µֱۡ
ȻȥȥһģһʵϣȴҪö࣬Ҫܳʱָ
㿴ʲôɱ㣬Ϊңˮ˵ҪǳīиʲôôģסȻĺǣҲҪɱ㣡˭Ҳסңǿȸ塭У
⻰̫ǿӲˣȸ壬ҲһһĴ壬ҪĻǿʢˡȴȻûˮСǿƣ
˫ʱ򻺻˵ҶǵѣαذѹϵֵôӲ
׺ޱȷŭ˵ջ˵ҲʲôöΪʲô˵ֻûſڣӻ飿ȥɣ
̬ʧ֮£׺ѾЩˡ
֮ǰĽţīˮϡá
½ѩЩǵĿˮֽˮֵҲǳȶڶЩˮϲϳīˡֱ̫Ϸ˵㣡
Ϊ½ѩ֪ˮԶʱǸԻͶʢĳЩϵġô壬гʮģȫ޹ص治ࡣ
˵½ѩӲΪˮҸйϵˮϳīԭ
ˮжཾ½ѩֱܶ˶˵ˮ֮û㺣ʵ⻰ҲȻˮּŮǸ˶ᶯġ
ʵϣˮ½ѩ޸о½ѩҲֻܽһ˿¶ΪҲϡˮԸʵҲܺá
½ѩһֱΪ磬еˣûܹˮġµЩ͸˵ˡ
ûгһգˮ֮ŮΪһոռһˣ˶ŭ
ʱ򣬻ҺȻµǸ޵׶ѨǵУӵĵǳīİΣ
飬ĲôģҲȥġֻҪīȫͺá
ʱˮȻʵ׵ѣ磬ɼȥˣ
׺Цīˣ
ʲôڳˣȫ΢΢һЩŵĿſ׺塣
˵īսǿ󣬺ܶ˶Ķ֣ڳЩˣѾûʲôˡ˵ûīֵģЩ̫ȴѾϿ˳īս
ɷӱϾһ׼ʥҩ
ﰡ
˵׼ʥҩһҩҲڳЩܹ״ߵġ
ܶʱ򣬾Ĵҩжץ
ˮ俴ſ׺壺˵ҪСģˣոһ˲䣬ǹɸϢҶӦˣ׼ʥҩӦǸŷһͬȥˡٸҺ˵˵Ҿɱ㣡
׺̣ŭҿ׺壬ԿȸһϣԱԪģӣǱīˣ
ڳȫôס
̫ˣʿصˣ˵ʵ˻ǾЩ
һ׼ʥҩôױõ
ˮҲ΢΢üͷſ׺壺׵ѣīȡ׼ʥҩ
׺֪ԼһǳˣѾȫûκλõӣҲ͸ɴƹˤ˵Ϊ׼ʥҩҳԱ˳ŵҪסǵáûһסܵ
ܵǶѨܵˮʱҲ̲סǸѨȴҺס
ÿҡˮĿˡ
Ǻͻվǣֱȡս׼
ǰһҾʹ㡣ˮʱһԴ
ˮŭˮǲҪΪУ
˫Ҳ΢΢üˮˮˡī֮䣬ף
δޣˮնĵ϶£Ը⣬Ҳ飬ңǽģ
ˮ˵ţһֻӨ͸˵һλΰİĶڣҵϣгһճīҪȥȻҾǳҵϱ˭Ҷһԡ֣֮
ˮס
˫ס
½ѩס
Щ£ǴûŵѪԵϵӱС̵ˮȻǳīδޣ
̫˰ɣ
ң
ļٵİ
ǱߵĿ׺ҲЩ£ˮףΪʲôˮΪ˳ī󶯸ɸꡣ̲סӿһɳĶʻǳīεºܣһ˽ӡƾʲô
Ⱥ˱ʲô
ʱ򣬻˫ͻȻ̾˿ҡҡͷ˵ȻˣӡǾͲˡ
˵ţһˮ߰ɡ


1139 ҽ
ˮоܳʣˮϣҲȷûǸ
˵ˮôҲǸ߽׵ȻˣнУܹѹ˵ĴҲкܶࡣˮˮң̫ǿˣ
һĳ壡
˶Ȼһϱʿݺ޵һ治һȥǵġ
ˮҲǿǵǿ
ڵļ壬½ѩڵ½ңˮҵĹϵһ׽֮⣬̫ˮǧ˿ƵĹϵǣһȫ
˵ˮˣңҲȥΪһ׼ʥҩˮҡ
ˮһתߣ˫ˮͷ뿪
׺ҲҼһˮû˵ʲôݻޡȴˡ
ֻʣ½ѩ桢Һǣһˮ
½ѩˮȻģĸлԼڣ׼ʥҩѾõĻҲͲˡ˵ţһ棺أ
Ȼ͵ǿɲǻƿˣֻǴ˽ԹҲٲμսܶ˲ʶЩǡʵϣսѾǿˣһսһ˵ĵӡ൱˵ģ
ˣʤģʮа˾Ż
濴һġ
΢΢һЦ˲Ҷӡͦõģ˵С̷ˣʲô
һСֹнвУ
ˮЦЦĿһ棬ֱĶӡ
½ѩҲ˻ָ
·Ȼ׼ʥҩòĪ·ȥѰԼǷݻԵ
ɽ˿̾ʣǡҺˮˡ
ˮ˵Ҳȥ׷ʲô
ԥһ£̽ŵܸһȥ𣿡
ˮһǣӶԷпǷݼ֣΢΢һЦð
ЩϾԼ֮飬˵ġīɴûϹҲûϿɹ
֪֪治֪ģǶҲʵûͷӦһ˲䣬һԵĻҲ˿
ˮûвģ෴еοīѺ׷ߣˣ
Ҳ˿ˮܾ治֪Ӧô˵ˡǶ֣˼δޣԼֻ׷ߡˮӦˡ
ˮһǰһֱ뵽ѨС
֮󣬲ŷⶴѨĺѾȫԽ֮ǰжϡŮ֮ǰⶴѨҲһɣҲɽϵµĸ߶ȡ
֮ŷֹ֣һɣй㣬Ѿ½ɣȻû׶
ôˮЩȡ
˵ΪʲôˣǸ׺˵Ҫߣ
ܡˮ˵뵽ҵı£ҲΣգҲԲߵˡ
Щȵĵˮ˶Թӵ˽ôô
ˮЦܲô˭ӺСʱ֪δҪ޸һˣжôԸҲһĵȥ˽һǸ˵Ϣ
ˮˡ
ɣ׽ˣôҡ
⡭
׷ߣ׷߲ūͣܵĸøô׵ġˮЦ˵ҴԺҪңҲ԰ҵѡ
ңҾҡŵĵȦЩ΢졣
ʱߵ׷߶һ˶µŮӣȴƴеǷݸм֮飬ֱ˵
ˣû˭͸߹Ҳû˭͵ͼߣҵѡˮ˵Ҳ˵飬ܲ
ǣллС㡣֣վûܽгڡ
׷ߵȷūͣҲܸԼĴƽƽˮӣˮأȴԼλá
ˮҲûȥǣжǸ߿һۡȻǣġȴǴڿʼ׼£īߵˣ
īжپž޵Ůӣ˭ҪǲӮóī˵Ͽɣļ޸˳īڳīЩ˵ĿУҲȥ
ˮһ˽ģȴᡣ
˵䣬Ѿ䵽ӽɵȣѾĵˣ
ʱ򣬽ͻȻһŮһϲ֪ڵˡһӿŮŷ֣ǵȻǵҽӣ
һ޴Ŀռ䣬һҽӾʡ
Ů˳ǸѨ뵽޴ռʱһ۾Ϳҽӱ߷ĳī
֪ΪΣǵʧǵӰŮˮһûסȫ
ī
ӣ
Ů


1140 
īһһɰ˵Ϣ˳ɢŮߵߣҲûκζϵı鶼û˿仯
ǻ˵ʲôˮסȻҡҡͷ
ˮǣڳī
ʯͷȵģûộҽھʣżð⡣
ˮǾڳīߣҲ˵
ãī鶯˶ﰲһᣬ߰ɡ
촽ЩǵĿһ۳īȻˮˮվǸɴĵУ㣬öԣ
ҡī˻ƣƺûκξ
īܷʲô飬ҶϣϺĸ֣ȻӦóΪĸҲϣϧ̫ڵͬҲ̫ˡϣ䡣ˮ˵֮վһǣ߰ɣﰲһᣬȥ
˵ţҲȳī˵ʲôֱǣʧǶѨϷ
īû˵ʲôʶһƬšûκβ
պһӿҽϵĳīϴСӣֵطã
ī΢΢һø˻ƣǸɰ͵ƤǰԲ𣬰ˡ
㣬ӷ쿪ʼҲûʲôҡӳīϷɳȻһͷ췢󺺣˳īĶ档
һҽӣ¶һ˿еζ㵽ǻҵطҶȥרѰϢˣҡ·ٺ٣ҵĻԵҲˣ
˵ţЩ͵ĵһϽϵķӡˣ
áīͷ
ջīķīֱӴ߶עϣһӡ˲䱻忪
һʱ䣬ϵķӡȻȫ⿪
󣬻һ֮һȼŻĳԼʮɴСһͷҽӣʹʹķһ
īǣ΢΢ֽ̣

ҽдˣֱϰһתֱӻһ췢꣬ȥȸոҪʮ꣡
ιСӣãųī
īû̧ͷ˻ɤ˵ǰѾô
ˡųīҪһ顣
ţī鶯˶һۻ
ӡҵˣ㸸ĸ˵
ţī΢΢һ
˵Ϻˡʵ磬ҾѾ֪ˡڣҵΪʲôӡˡ
ī̧ͷ
˵Ϊ磬壬ܾʣԼˡ
ôܣīһЩӦŻкܶ࣬л壬пȸ壬ܶ࡭Ϊʲôƫƫݲ壿
̾˿㲻ףЩ岻һӵǿƥǺ׽ԪأʩչͨҪѧϰս̫¡ɵ㸸ĸӡҵʱһѾ˥ΪʱҲûмˡ
ô֪ʣԼˣīʵ
˵źĸӦлĻֱӸӦõôˣһֱûκθӦ˵ҪôѾǨߣ뿪ҪôѾˡ
źīȻ˻ơ
ųīʵǣϣʲô鶼пܻᷢЩѡ񣬵Щ޴ѡġ˵ѡĻҾԸⱻ㸸ĸӡ
Ǹī˵
ҲҪһǸף㸸ĸôǴģųīѵͲ㸸ĸӡңΨһܽҵˣ㣡ңǵԺ󡣡
ī˿˼ǣ
ҵ˼㸸ĸ˼ϣܱ㣬һֱߡҲǸոͨ⡣Щ飬ʵҪ˵׵ġұӡȷҵĴ㸸ĸǷҵģûɱңѾ顣Խ⿪ҵķӡǷģ
ǣҲҪ㱨ʲôī˵ˡ
ǲУĶ鿴ñ컹أǷǷ˵ţȻųīȻ˵ûһ仰
īŻ
ЦһƱ㻯
īͷߡ
Ҳ˵硢ơ׽ĶȻǻϲܾҽСҸϲƣΪļң˵ţһ˫ڳīϣԣԷ硭Զ˽ġҪö࣡
ī΢΢һ漴һ˫¶һɣŻ˫ۣ˼ǣ
һЦЩ˵ԣû˺ŮˣֱӴ


1141 Գ
īڵһվԵ棿
Ϊɤ˻ƣī˵ЩΣȥʮֻ
ȴûֻЦеĿųīͷСҲɵˣΪǸС۵оһûҵټһɢˣ棡ʣѪһСȫӳĻԵֻȫɱ
īĿŻϣ˵Ķ滰Ϊ˴̼˵ĻΪӽ⵽ڣһֱı־͸˳īָо
˵ĶģϺͽ飬ǲ˵ѵġĿųī֪֪ΪʲôǸ鹫һۣӾܣΪľ鹫ϣŸ׼ʥҩ̫
īһĿŻ
һ˵ǲǾҺԨЩķ硢ҽӡһиҵģΪֵطҵĵ̣
ûīŻҲϣƭҡ
Ҫƭ㣬ٱӡһ꣬һ꣡ĿųīòϷģ
ˡīգգ۾㡣
̵ģ飬ñүҷģ˸ۣȻ˵ľ鹫꣬һǿۻˣǸ㣬ƣܻ飬ҲǾܻ飡ܹϵѷɫ塣
ī˵ǵ꣬Ҳھġ
ˡĿųīѾ˵ľ飬ԶǾ壬һˡǻ÷磬ԶǱ׽
˵ţЩӵĿһ۳īܣ㲻
˼֮ǰǵ֮˲ʧΪīŻʵ
ûһ㣬ǵۣδܳѹסǸ鹫ڵǵꡣ̾һ˵ǵǿʥ˵ɵļһ벻ȻϣҲôһ֣Ļ¡
Ǹ޳ܵĶҪ꣬һ죬һʬεģīҧһΣɳƣǳ˿̹ǵĳޡ
УȻһâǹâ˲һ
Ȼһɢȥ
ǰֻ˶̶̵һ˲䣬ȴûĿɿڴ
Գ棿㡭ųīͬһɾ簡ȻѾӵ˵Գ棿
īҲЩ
ЩεĵȻһҪȥ飬ѾγԼγһ׮
ôãīһĨ֮ɫǾʥӣѪħ桭
ͣͣͣ˵ˡһֵĿųī·ȻһʶٷģԳ֮£γԼ·һ̣ѪħִͻӦСӣҷˣЩޣͺáǷʱԣֱӻɱǣ
īͷ׻ĺ⡣
ôҵīŻʵ
԰ģ粻Ҫ硣ֹһ䣬Ȼ˵ԣۻȥʲôطҲ֪
粻׽Ļ𣿡īʵ
˸ϴİۣЦֵܣҲܺòã
īҲ˸ۣȻ̲סһЦŻǰлл
ˣǰˣԸĻֵܾͺáǲ֪ıжߡ˵ֻСϻݣ֪ʲôʺˡڿܻףһ죬׵ġ
˵ţԳī˵ϿȥɣЩ˻ء
أīŻ
طҵĻԵ˵ҽӵ棬л֮ԴҪҵͻƣȥɣͻ֮һȥ㣡
ī˵ͷҪȥ·ͷ
СЩǡ˵⣬ü˵֮СĵЩˣǺܹ֡
īЩֵĿŻоЩԲԵӣԲԸ˵ˡµͷһСġ
ī˵ţȻڿն˳ǶѨɵɽ֮ۡ
īɽ֮۵һɲǣӰʱΧ˹
ڳˣ¶οЦݡ
Ҿ֪Լ߳ˮһ΢Ц
ӣ߰ɡ㾫µϣдġ
īżˣǸǵˣ
˾ͺã߰ɡˮųīȻһЦȻ󲻾˵ϵˣҸ߷飬ת㣬ģҲѹһжȥκһ۸ˣһĵˣ
֪ˡīУһ¶֮ɫӽҾԷĴֻۣʣһˣҲҪ¶ȥΪңǳϺˣ


1142 Գ
֪ΪΣȻֻ澲˼죬ˮ˶óīɢϢ֮ǰЩһˡǸǿҲǱˣһƺĸо
ȥڳīϣԸоǹǿѪڣָоʧˡȡ֮ġһȫ͸ĸо
īȻɾ磬ṳ̂۷壬ȴѾﵽ۷壬ʱпͻƵˮҺȫ͸
뿪ɽ壬ǰһǧ֮һǣһڰеĴǣ
ȻɣҲԿ͸ʲôһϵĴڰա
дʿɽɳīһЩȽϤסǶʿ
ѾǷǳ·ˡ
һ·˵ĳǡˮ¶֮ɫ˵Ȼ߲ų⣬ȴҪСġ
˵ǡһ˵ճǣ·жεһųǡ˵֮󣬷ġ·ϵ飬ʿ֮иֽס
һҵ򡣡ˮ˵καɱΣ·ϵʿ֮䣬ԶܻŽᡣ
īͷֻǸȡˡ
ˮһȻųīҪȥô
ȥҲãÿ˽һʱ䣬·Ϸ顣ī˵
˳Ƿȥ
;һЩʿˣϳǵݣȫ¶֮ɫ벻ЩˡȻûָָ㣬ȻĿǽճǡ
ոĸˣǳīǣ
ǸŮˣˮĸīߵһǲ˼飬벻޵һ仨Ȼ˳īǶѡȿȡ
Ա˵Ŀһۣʿ죬εĿ
Ϊˣˮߵ׷ߣ
һĸߴ󣬽üĿĿӣո˵ʿ񣬷·Ҫһŵʿˡ
üĿĿû˵ʲôֻǷһߡȻŽȥˡ
ʱīѾˮ˽ճǣīȻЦˮ׷ߣİ
ˮ̲ˮĿһ۳īǸͦˣġϲǲɢǱǡ
ס֪ҲǸ˼ī˵֪֮䡭
ˮȻһЦȻͷ˵ǰ·
ţī΢΢һ̧ͷǰ
һòǳʵӣվڽϣɢǿҵĺĿ
СȸīӣȻĿ䵽ֱϡ
׺ϣʱŭɫȻҧԳī˵īҿλߣ
ʱˮӰһԳīƤЦⲻЦ˵ϣⲻǵ׼ʥҩӵĳīôһᰡ
ˮ仰ʱֶը˹
׼ʥҩӣ
׼ʥҩīȥˣ
ļٵİī
׼ʥҩõʿһ
ܶ˿ī񣬶Щһˡ
֮ǰֻԴݣȴǳ̰
īһˮһֻı飬˵ʲôӣǱȥˣ
Ѫˣˮʱŭˡ
Ϊųī仰Ϻܶ˿񣬶ɻ
ˮڳīԺǡôĲһ䣺ֲã˵ôû׼ʥҩ
Ǳ˵ȥ𣿡һʵ
Ӧɡͷû壬̫ˡ
㡭ǡˮɫǺ죬㱻ѪԭҪóīʸ֮ģī⼸Ӳߵȥָоȳ˲Ӭġ
ʱ򣬱ӵĿ׺Ц벻ˮݵλˣȻҲʼѧ˵ˡǺǣǡͷԷ谡
īһۿ׺壬˵ĳֳˣ
ˮЦҲһֻء
ȸ᣿īʵ
ˮһЦģ
һȺĶ콾·ճжϣ˲ձޱȽء˫ĶԻǻĽ޾ɱ
ȸ᣿
ܵȺһƬȻ
Ǹǿ׺壿ȸˣĳ˸նˣ
ܰɣ׺е̳˭նĳ򣿡
̳Ǻǣˮˮˡ̳е̳
ǵҲǣҲֻЩݵˣʸ֪ˮ˵
Ⱥд۵ÿ׺ɫһһסкܶˣڰжųīˮ
Ҳ㲻׼ʥҩ˭ϣ˼˫϶һ˵ѣ
Ҳ˵׼ʥҩӡѾǱ˲ˣ
Ϣ̫ˣ
ǶԷĺ̶ȣȫԽճǳϣ⼸콾ܷ֮ս


1143 йϵô
ʱ򣬿׺һߣվųīǳС񣡾ȸһ壬ҿǻˣ
ƥҿҲǻˣһŮһ
ӰǱ߹ߣһȺ׷ߣһЩȽİףÿһȥЩ˿īĿ⣬Ǻдż׽
ҵˣ
߹俴ſȸߣ´һۣߵһԪǿ·Ϊƥǿȸ嵹Ǵһֺ̣ôҪһҵܵܵһϽٿ㣬Ȼͷǿȸ壡
壡̫ˣ׺ȵôԻͶʢҲֻԻͣʲôʸŰ裿
׺޼˳īˮֻ򱻶ȥһҲĿȸ𡭡Ҳȫīˣ
ֳޣԽĿȸ˵ֱȫ̵ġ
ʱˮһ˵ȱ˵Щûõģī˷׼ʥҩҲҪָңóôҿ۽ûɣ
Χ۵Щˣȫ¶ɲĿ⡣
ˮЦʼ磺֪һңûϵҿԷģ
˵ţˮһĵϷģˮǵ׼ʥҩңٲ
Ⱥжʱһ󾪺
̫ˣ嶼Ͻȥˡ
ˮôһģǽɸֱϴˡǣ˵Ŀ⣬䵽˳īϡ
ˮȻ˵ǲҪɽԼļϽȥҲԸԼĵմϱߡǴǰû֣ڲףˮǸ۲۵СˣҲҲТʲ尡
ˮ̫ˣˮҧһ䣬Ѿŭǿţ˵˵ЩûãеӣóīҲİ
īʱ̧ͷƽĿˮɵɵ
ˮʱס
Χ۵Ҳסˡ
⻰ʲô˼ѵǳϷӾˣܶ˵Уʼ˸ӵĹâ
ī˵˭ģ
һƬ˶ųīû˵
ˮͿ׺壬һζû֨
ǰ˭ģؼҩǶ֮
˭˵Լģᱻÿˮ
īֵô˭ϣƨ£ĿͶˮйϵô
ˮǳ鴤ţҪ˵īѽĿתƹȥ䵽׺ϣйϵô
׺˵Ҳˡ
ûõī˵
׺ʱ
īֽĿתЩֵˣһЦ̯˫ֵҲûõ£һϵûС
˵ѣ׺ŭȥ
īЦЦƨ£ıҵȥʲôϵ
ˣˣ׺һ˷ܡ
īЦһ׳ա
ˮ˵ͦ׳յģϰ׳ôôࣿ׼ʥҩʲôѰһ𣿵ʱɽôˣûʱõ׼ʥҩҳϣҸո˳ְˮûȥΪˮߣֻҪǸе̵ˣӦ뵽Ǹʱڳˣɲ⼸½ѩЩˣл˫ô˶ûܵȥˣǷзӶû֪ˮͿ׺ͿˣУˮһȥİɣôģҪûǴ˵ɽзӵˡҲɣ
һ·зô
˵·Ͽ϶мƷҩģǵطûУĲ˵ǵطķȷʵͦ˵ġ˵ţ˵˰Ϊһ˽˶Թߣ˼ôҪ˻ֱô
Χ۵ȺУһ̾Ϣ
ˣ˽˶Թ˼ˮҲ̹ϣֱ˵ΪŰˮûȥģֱ˵û˵õ׼ʥҩ
ܶ˿ˮͿ׺Ŀ⣬ôżֱġ
гء˵Ҫ˻ֱôˮֶΣֱ
ī˵ҲеǶ˭ˣܱʲô¶أ
˾ʧȥĿ֮󣬻عǡ
ˮͿ׺Ǳɫ࣬ȴµƿԡʵ׺壬ҲȫȷӾһڳīϡʱҲֻǿ˹âһȻʲôˡǵǲǷӶ֪
ˮһ˵Լ涼ЩɣǲԼˣ
ʱ򣬳һȺˣīߣһеĿųīû°ɣ
īҡҡͷ΢΢һЦû¡
Ŀһ۳īѾˮ֪˲飬Ȼʺ˵˵߰ɣǰľ¥˷䣬Ʒһ·ϵɫ
īһˮˡ
ˮһЦġ
¶һ˿Цݣȥ
īЩͷ۵ĵ߰ɡ


1144 
˾¥֮󣬳ī֪ΪʲôûǰԼԭ֮һʼߵļΪĿľ߱ߵȳīû뵽ѾȽȥĳʿ˵飬Ųòӿٶȣȥ׮鷳
īҲ̫˽ĳҵǸļ塣ֻǴһЩ˿ĳңƺЩʽ΢ĵڣܹ㣬йϵļҲʮڶࡣˣȻ˶ϡȥĺɽʵϣҸҵϵʿǼҲࡣ
ˮͿ׺ЩˣҲ˵˵ʹʹˣǸ忪սҲҪú˼һ¡
𣿡īųʵ
ûʲôˣһ鷳ˡ赭дЦЦ
īȴ֪üҹ϶ʲôС¡ȻѾˣҲͲöˡϾڲû뵽ȥݻЩεġ
Ϊī֪ڳҵڲǷҲ̬һơ
ⲻǳīУǱҪһЩҵϱж˷ӡһͻᱻǱߵĴӦʱֻ
īɲʱͻȻһ
ԼлҲǸԼлīԸԶңԶ塣
˵˵ɡ忴ųī˵׷ʲô飿
īװͿָļ£
巭˸ۣ˵ָļ£ȫе飬ң
īЩϰָоΪһֱʲô飬һڿšͻȻվֵЩ֪롣
˵˵ɣ鶼һ˿š˵дۣȥˣҾ룬ҲΪڲһˡ磬ҵߡʲô飬Ҷϣܼǵã㻹и㣡
īͷ΢΢һЦԼ뵽·֮飬¸˵һ顣ȴȥ˺Ůӵ顣
Ҳûеһʱ׷ʣΪˮĻҲ²³ǸŮӵݣҵóˮͬĽۡóī˰ˣ϶Ǹ鹫Ϸʲô顣ī˵Ļǲþ¼׷ȥ
飬īǸԼ
ѪħĲȴ·뿪֮ϵ˶ǽˡЩ˾ǲڴĳһĽô꣬Ҳʱˡ
ҡȻѾɳҲûʲô˵ġ£ˡ
ˮһԵͷû⡣
īȴҡͷܾ£ԼɡҲûô׶Ըһ֣ô𵴿»Შн硣ԼὫͻĲ棬޽͡
ī˵ţһˣңҲô׾ͱѹġ
忴һˮˮ΢Цŵ˵㡣
壺
嶼Щ㲻ˮˣǻԼ֪ġˮһֱǻԼֵΪܣ˵ⱲӼ޸˭޸ܵܣ
ǵģǸʱˮ֪ī֡
ǶԳīʲôֻǵģΪһƷ
˭ҳ˵ܼ޸ǸˣһĻԵƷˮʱȫȥ
СӡʲôʱıأˮͳīɨɨȥЦģƺˮΪĵá
˵ȷŷţҿ׺ˮҲԹ˱ļ壬ܱȵġɣͷ˸ҵĳ˵һС֮ĶԹ
ˮʱҲ˵ȸ廹΢һ㣬ֻҪնֻȸȸӦö̫ӦҡȷЩ鷳
ǰˮҲһӵˡνܴ죬һгס˵ңǻ̡ò
ˮĿųīȻ˵֮ǰˮĴ޴Ǹؿû벩ô㣬ӽľٶҲܿ뺦㡣
īͷİɣһԼСġ
ʱ΢΢ü˵벩ҵꡭƺҲǸѪħеϵء
ˮһ˫ӣ˼һᣬ˵ôһ˵ôһ¡ϵӦòЩҲǳ͵еĿڱǲġ
˵ϣǲҪҪΪûˣͿ۸ϺˣǻḶش۵ġ
ҺǾһԾţȫľĸо
֮ŮЩһķƵʲô־ǣ
ֻеһ㼶ŻףԶûйƽһ˵ΪЩ콾ǲ㣬Ҳ漣ǵ㣬ܾѾⱲ׷յˡ
пЦ⡭ǲడ


1145 
ǵûôǿҵʧУ棬ģǸоң
ʱ붼ȥ룬ܸһϳԷȴΪʵһܹǵ̫綥š۽磬ֱĺô
е˵ģ԰Ǵѡ񣬳Ϊ˳ī׷ߡ
ڵʱʵҲЩյġīˣȻԽ˫˫شѹƾˮʱվˡ
´֮Ĺϵ˵ˣʵҲûʲôĸﲻǴСģ˭ݣʶˡδҲǴ
ʱ޷˵ѡ·ûйȥãѾܹԸоʱѡжôȷˣ
˵Ǵѡ񣬲ĻԵ
ûˮͳ֮ŮԳī̬ȶ˵ĲͬǾ顣ǲ˵
Ȼҵ𺳣Ǹоˡ
󣬿ʼлʲȡ
·ϵʳĸкܴĲͬ⿵ķʽǲࡣҲûгԲϰߵĸо
һٷǳԵôҺǾˡ˵־磬ѾҪͨԷάԣ֮һµ־磬ȻҲżһٷġ
·ϵľƺɫζеˮȴСҲûתƾԣžƾӿǵĻҲ΢öһЩ
Ҹ˵ŸԵһЩ϶˵īżʵʱŻԼ˵ϼ䡣
ƹѲ
΢죬ųī˵ܵǲЩ׮ôģ
ˮһķ˫գ΢΢ͷ
Ǹд˺Ŀš
ī΢ɲü۽ɨԵˮ̾ϢһȻҡҡͷ֪
ǽ˵˵Цŵ׮£ʵүүġ
ʲôīüͷһȵĿų壺ⲻܰɣүүʲôʱǲŶ󣿡
ҺҲһԾı顣
૵λΰˣӦʮǰԶ˰
үүȷʮǰԶڷӡҸ׺ʹ֮ǰйԼڵʱ໥Ŀһ۳īȻ˵үүľѾԽ𣬰ʥ֮壬ȻЩȫͬڵ꣬ѾСܺĽԣԼ
˵ţץߵˮֻ֣Ө͸¶һ˿Ľ֮ɫֻİĶȻֻһȴǳشԣⶫ˭ϣ˭͵Ѿӵ˳ϱݡ
ʱ򣬳ī΢΢üͷ˵أ
Ŀһ۳īġʵһֱϴţԵܵܣ֪ܽϲŮӣΣ㶼Ӧù
ϴţʲôīü
ǸʲôҲ̫ӦһһĿռ䣡ҲЩȷ˵ԼӦø˵ˮҽǸʵһȱûֻܼܵǴռá
ī˵һһĵѵǲ
ճǸ϶ǲɡ顭Ƿе̫ˣī֮ǰһֱġڱ׻ƴ֮󣬿϶Ǿܶ飬Ǽ󡭡ŵԼϵģ
¯ڵô
겻ףȴ֪һʲôʸ
ī룬һ֣ؿȽȻУ̯ƣų壺
忴īһͬӢ貵񡪡īոոָͨģ
ϸϸĿ˰죬ȻҡҡͷΪֻмأҲûҰְǼģӦ֪
ְ֡ȡ壬֣ǲҲ᣿īų壺١˵԰ɣ
¶һ˿ǸȻԲСܡ
īҡͷʵӦ˵ԲŶԣ塭
һĵҪô˵һˡͬպ𣬼ȻҲֻԻ͡ôѣʲôһɹ
һԵĻҡǺˮ϶Щݣܸж
īҲһͷȻˮԥһ£˵ľǼĻ
Ҫ
ͬʱ
Գˮ
ϣЩΣû뵽̫С˾ǿ˳顣
н磬һʿмʵƽĸףλ£нУٵˡ
󲮳ֻвĸһµģн綼൱ġҲԭģϾĸݡ
СܸûôĹǰ
ճ֮ǰԳīƬ˽⣬Ӧк֪ܶǡ֪һֱжϣȻġԼܵܣƶ飬ߺջơ
ʵϣȴǸӡ
Ͱһ


1146 Х
Щ鷳ˣԭڳ忴īˮ֮䣬ֱŵ֮ϡ˽һ𣬽Ϊнһʢ¡ڲŷ֣ҲãˮҲãܶЩһԸˡ
ԣī˵ǷʱһӦǣǧóī˵ڣȻĻ¡Ҫһ£һ޴ź
Сܣһ䡭˵
һˮ֮ɫЩ԰ףˮ֣ȴ΢΢ĵͷû˵
Ű幫Ȼʾɽ¸ͦɽһøۡǣѾˮܹļˡ
ոպһҲֻʶģ֮󣬾Щˡ
ϲлԼˣҲԼĽġֻݽʵǰеվҲеġ
ԣͷеѹеίû˵
ʱ򣬷ǺȻʶһ顪˭ģ
īǲзġ
ʱ򣬳ˮһεȴҪװʲô鶼ûзĻҺȫعʶԾĿɿڴĿųīǿ
˵ĿĿųī
ˮҲɬǿѹίЩԾĿųīȻû˵˫鶯ȴ档
ṵ̂
ûκ̰
ⶫԭˮҵģˮȴһ㶼ûаҪ뷨ȱˮĿУҲǲǸ˵ġ
˵֣˳Ϧദ꣬ҲδػָоЩˣֻҪ໥ôһۡȴԶ
૵飬Ҵûǿ̶ֳȵģ⡭̫а˰ɣ
ҲһȵĿųīǿ񣬱𺳵ü˵
īڸոһ̣ҪѲȥȻֻҪ
Ӧ׮£
δǰ;ããʱӦ£ʲôˣʲôʸ˵ϲꣿ
Ծһ˲˵Ƿī͸ھˡ
īʾЩ֪룬Ǹʱĳīһûʲô˵ꡣѾɳԺܶ飬ѾԼĴʽͼ⡣
ᣬ뵢ˡ
ýľܾϵˡóýˮ֮ĹϵãҲǼҪٳ׮¡
ֻû뵽ˮֹ˵ĻԼҲӦ
Ȼȱȴ顣ɣֹϵԲдѡˮңʱܣ֮ΪĶ㣬ҲûжߡȻݿգ˭裿
ڳļˣȫ𺳵Ըӡ
⻰˵Ĳ˫߼ܣ͵
˼ǣˮҵｻ˵ĻͻݿնߣΪǸǳīûܾҲ˵ˮңʵûϵѡ˳ī
ôīҪȥҲӦ
ҵǾҵĳ鴤ţųīǿ̲סֹʶˡĳʶˣԺ˭ٸҴүһƳȥ
ȫһ
֪ΪΣˮīС˵ⷬ治ûʧ䣬ظĸо
ʱЦСܣ⡭Ⱑ
īҲһı飬ͷϼߣȻ˿ˮϴżǸ⡣
ˮʱ̧ͷųī˵ǡ˴һʱ䣬𣿲Ҫ̫𣿡
īԥһ£뵽ˮʶʱ̣ԼİٰάվûܺǸ˵ͷ鷳˶ⶣҪ
ˮһЦһġ
ʱȻһţīڵİ᷿űƿ۵һײǽϣӲľײ˲顣
һĸߴ׳˶ӣŭ߽Ȼ۹ӷＸɨĿͣˮԵĳī
㣬ǳī
Ⱥ䣬г֮ɫ
ˮˣɫ΢΢һ䣬Х죬ʲô
Ǳߵĳ壬Ҳͬüͷصģñ¡
׳˶Ц£ٲ죡
˵Х죬ⲻҰĵط
СϻʲôҲô˵绹ࡣϧѾɵҩˡХһЦ
ұ˽ҿĵʹ˲Ȼŭڵһվ
ʱҲٿֵˣΣȫŵһ
Ȼ˸ҳƺˮΪǡ˵ĵҲ̫˰ɣڿ׳˶ģ֮ЩֵģȻȫ˻ȥ
ֶҿˣ
Х죬Ҫڣϣ̡ȥ˪䡣
ˮҲһŭ˵ȥ
壬㣬ӿɲ㣬㲻ңͷҲҵĵ£˭ֹˣХһı飬ȻˮôһֻŮ˱󲻸ҳ˻


1147 ŵʸ
īƽĿǰ׳˶˵ȥ
ȥСΪ˭Ϊ˼е˻ҲһˣʸᲢˣХһĿųīԶʲôǿߣƾ㣬ҲʸӵŮһϣ
Х˵ţĿ䵽˻ҺǵϣС椲⣡
ҵޱɭĹâ϶Ѿ̲סҪˡ
ХЦô붯ֲɣСϻ嶯嶯ĺе𣡡ֿīЦϺôˣңӲ£ʮǰĳңе̣гʸ񣬵ʮĳҡһû仧ѡΪԼʲô˲õأҺ𣿳塭Լ˵˵ҵǿؼҵǿӱǱȵûǳʲôʲôһǷŭ޿κε񣿾ƣñĳǰɣϲŰΪǵĶ
˵𣿡īƽĵ
˵Σû˵ΣңХбųīûī
˵ˣ͹ȥīХ죬Ȼһƽ˵
Ϥī˶֪īԽƽʱʵԽǿ£
ΪʱĳīѾʱ׼˳֣
ӲӿôţХָųīСӦøеңճ㣬ҪڱĵطѾʣһѺˣ㵱ӻϲ㳶ƤˣӴ֣ܶϻ
ˮɫףӶЩ¡ǶХ죬ƺЩɵӡ
ʵ̫ˣҲ̫ࡣȻｮѳһˣĽȴ޽ԣ콾Ҳ൱ˡ
īʱж̣֡Ҳ֪ХʲôˣӳˮķӦϲжϣͷ
֮ǰˮôЩ˺޵ҧгݣҲХһſ
Գī˵Щ⡣Ҵ˽ʱȻһһУһڵʿ׽ѹΣһͦˣ
ٿѹЩˣֶȥ
īһ۳壺㣬ܣ鷳𣿡
͡Х췢һмȻһĵǺ鷳ֻҪļƷ쾧ʯУˣƷ쾧ʯ𣿺˵֮ǰ԰ˮ˻ĵʱ򣬻Ǵ鵤ǽǮءҪһĻ㾡ְܶ
׳աīХ죬˵һ䣬Ȼų壺һڼƷ쾧ʯ⳥ʧ
ʱһȻ𣺡ã˭˭Ǯ
·ɢģ˶Щ䡣
һԴ㲵꺺ӣƾճⷿһľţ˵ȰŵǮˣһǧƷ쾧ʯ
ʲôֵõ˵ХȻ꺺ƾճڷЩԾȴû̫η壬ֻۿ
꺺ӵ˵ϰ壬ҪǲھͰӳȥ
ķ䣬ʱҲѾܶ˶̲ס߳վİ䣬涼ŷ󣬿Ըʶ̽顣
ΪűХ߻ˣŴԷʿǣҲ֪˷ͻ˫ʲôˣȫһŵĹעš
Уû⣬һǧǰɣ㣡Х첢ûи꺺ִǺˬĵͷӦ˵Ǯҵ׷ɷһʱ䣿ҽ
꺺ӿһۣͷ
Хȡһ鴫ʯ˵֮󣬾˻ȥȻЦЦĿһ۳īСӣȻˣܰһ֮󣬾ҿʲôҴ򣡡
Х˵ţת˳ȥһշ䣬һʼĿ
ˣȻ濴ȥŰ裬ʵϣȴıç򣡴ʹϰһǧƷ쾧ʯܿ
һŶѣз󣬾ֵǮҲᳬһ鼫Ʒ쾧ʯ
ϰȴſҪһǧ򡭡Х컹Ӧˣ
Ȼ󡭡һڣ
īһתҲ뿪ϰ壬¶˼ɫ
ҲᣬڸīХؼҵ顣
Х죡
ǿɲһǵˣڼǰŻҪսеˣ
˵е˵Уоųϡˮ֣ûʸ񱻳ΪˡˣҪɵľ磬Ը߽׵ƣȻ壡ᱻѹлֵпܻʤ
⣬Žˣ
һʿݹ£м
߽׵ν߽ףǱǳؾĵǸ߽׵
һɣôǿôϾĵȻ壿һСӣô츳׿ôһʮĳˣĿɱԣ
Хܣ
Ϳԣ
ŵʸ


1148 
ǰڵʱ򣬾͸һؾĴ̨ϣսǧغϡХȻûȡʤȴҲûаܣ
һս䶯硣ҲХ֣쳹ʿȦӡ
ȻǳսХҲɶԷؾĴУͬҲһ
ȴӲöԷƴƽ֡
⻹ʲôһ֮Ҳǰ
ХɺڣҵؾĴУһǧغֱ֮ӽлܣȻɹɱ
˵֮ǰһսǺ䶯磬ôһһս磡
̫ǿˣ
˵ġȴں棡
ɱؾʿһ֣һؾĴСֵܱɱȻţǣХֻһɾʿǸؾʿ֮䣬żĶԹؾʿǩԼ±Хɱġ
ΪؾУóȻХ֣ЦҲϹء
˵Х챳ؼңһС壬Щųļ壬ؼǰҲʵʵġţǻš
ʮǰΪһսʷһ̶ȵĶϲ㣬ڵ죬ʿֻ֪ңֻǵóҵλΰˣ׷ߣ磡
ȴ֪ʮǰ磬ʵһ壬Ҽ
Ǿؼң
ֻǵؼңΪ˱ʵܾһͬȥߡһָҵүӣ˵ΪĴڣǿߡ
ⷬڵʱ˹ߣһǱߵ׷ߣȫ𾳽ĴڣڵʱҪؼ
ǳүӣ׻ƴڶ˿ЦҲʧ׻ƴʵܿݵıʾֵģͺúñȫԼʵȵһ죬ҲΪ׻ƴĻִ¡
ؼ첻飬Ҳ˵ǵʵȷǱ
죬ؼԣ֪Ǵڵˣȫݵλһ֡ˣؼң̾ϵһ
Ѿݷʮ֮ãĵ̺ʵѾǿ˺ֵزѾû֪ˡ
һ㣬Ǿǣ֪ؼҵˣû˸ǡ
ԣУѾؾ磬ؼҵĵ̣ȻҷܵܵĳֲȫӣؾĴУҵХ죬ֱ˵³Źһٸغϣ׮ԹȴʲôֶΣֻ֡
ⲻصĴд˫ľʵ̫ˣ
磬һһ죡
ؾĵһʵһ൱˵һɣ£һٸɣҲδܰôˡ
崫Ҳ¶һ˿֮ɫŴ֪ǸؾĵڵھʮŸغϵʱ򣬱Хץסᣬ磡Ȼ˵ĲǺء˾ˣҲ͵ڰˣ
ī⣬ҲЩԾ벻Х쾹Ȼǿ̶ֳȡŰģĺ˿ֲ
崫˵Ǹʱ򣬸ո̤۷徳磬ûг׺ʵ۷壬ȴӵ˿ֲսؾѹȻ޾壬ֱսлʤˡԣųǷҪսеˣҪЩˮȫУ
īʵ˵ؼһֱܵ͵𣿡
˵ʮˡ
īʱˡ
ʱѾȥʮ꣬׻ƴҲѾ졢ɡ顢Ľ硣Ƭռĸ֣Ѿ˾޴ı仯ؼݷʮ꣬ѾݷĹˣ
ҪԼˣҪ֪ǵĴڣ
ԣХˡԣХֵ裬ؼңûκһ仰
˵Хսʮˣûһܼʤ÷ǳɡַŻеˣԺԶ˱ܣҪǰ֣Ҫǰ˵ļӣȻʹС˵ӵݵŮӣȫĵ¡ҪΪ紴һԻ͵壬Ҫ׻ƴٹ⡭
īĿɿڴ̲סаˡĲĲᰡôʵ־ٶڸнΪУֱǷˣ
˵ȥ־ٶƺ̫񣬸ɱûʲôֱ𡣵ΪֹȻĺúõġһν·ûдĻֻм׷ߡȫյˡ
ī⣬Ҳɳ˼
ˣǸС
ôˣȻܽ併Щ콾ĸԸĸߣΪ׷ߡֶΣҲǸ
ԡЩǵĿųīϣûʤ㣬ᡭҪһ֡
УīȻܾն˵һ֪ԽսֻС


1149 ī鷳ˣ
忴ųī㲻ϣΣգϣױ¶Լĵơ
īһЦĺˣҵĵƶأҡһܿǿǿߣǲҪƵġ
߽ˮҺȫ
ȵ˽˴֮ˮųī˵һ֡
뷨һ
ǲóīһХ졣ΪǶ֪ХĿ¡
һûܽ뵽ʿһؾĴУһٸغ֮˵Էȥֱǲ˼飡
кܴܶսҲȻ˾ò˼顣
һɾʿһо͵ñѹ
īˮ΢΢ҡҡͷ
ˮ̾һȻˣһڵ⳥𡭡
ī̲סһۣȷ䣿
ǻˣǻ˫½ѩǣҲôȷˡûġˮЩεĿųī㲻˽⣬̫ˡҲǵùôأ
嵭˵˵ϰ壬ʹͨء
֮˵ûôķʽȻ󣬵ģǿġ
ǱߵХȴûһ㷴Ӧ
˵仰֮󣬻һ棬ûκηӦЩ֡
īЦЦİɣѾ˽硣
ˮȫ΢΢һǸûīʲôʱ򶯵֡ңǸ¥ϰ壬ԲһʿһΪɲ⡣
ո˵Ǿ仰Щɻ䣬ȴûǾ¥ϰκλӦ֤īڲ֪вµ磬ƾ޷ʶ͸
īûнֹ̫࣬ǵͻ¯һͬµĽ磬ҲõֶΣ
֪ҸովͲô˵ˡ˿ո֮£ѿڶǾ仰˵еڣСֶΡ
ţ岻ɿһ۳īЦ˵벻㻹ͦġ
īһĿų壬ĵǿһأʶ˽еһͨ壬Ҳеĺðɣ
ǽж˲
ˮų壺ոոХ飿
ͷû
ˮųī㶼֪ˣȻ󻹾Ҫ򣿶
īЦЦ˵˭ˣ˭⳥ŰˣһڼƷ쾧ʯҲְɣ
ˮҲһĿųīֹܿӵõ㰡
īЦӲӵõ֪ˡ
ֵطսŲȫƻ¥Ҳڿտطǰʩչ
˫֮սֳܻܿʤ
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ǻҺǣ˶ıͣ໥һۣǶԳīĺ㡣
Ϊ֮ǰһսУīһлһĴУ󣬳īȻĻˡˣȴȫʧˣ
ԣХ쵽жôرīжȴ֪ġ
¥ʳͣҲȫ˵˼ⳡͻҲ˵˳ͻ˫ȫһ˷
ʵϣÿһ·ճﶼ֣Ϊдʿۼ⣬ͻͲΪ档ҲƺѾϰߡĳͻȴЩͬ
Ϊͻһĳīкܾǰĳ塢ˮ
һ֪˾ͺˡܶʿӾ¥гһᱻ꼰ڴ۷׷
Х˭ôû˵
ǰҲû˵˼Ϊţֱ˳īǰţŵ£˵ˮͳ嶼Ҫĵ£
˵˶
ܰɣ˶ˣ
֣ڶʿȦҲһܷɻĻ⡭Ҫ˵һǡ
˵ƺֿһľ֣˭ˣ˭⳥¥ϰһڼƷ쾧ʯ
¶
Ⱥжʱһ󾪺ܶ˶оš
ĻǾ¥ϰ岻׬ˣΪô׬һ
īǲƴְ֮ǰ԰ڼƷ쾧ʯĺģֱĿɿڴ
Ǻǣī鵤أܸȺһ
ϾۼԽԽ࣬ϢڷٵСˮЩˣҲܿ˵顣
Х죿ˮɫ΢΢һ䣬гɵ̲סЦ벻īǸ֪ĶȻǵͷϣ¿ô
½ѩϢʱֱüͷԵŮЩ鷳ˡ
Ҳüͷ˵ǹȥɣôҲҪһ¡
Ǹˣ˵
½ѩͷߣȥ
һʱ䣬ʿʼ¥߾ۼ
ʱХ׷ߣҲڸϵֱһļƷ쾧ʯ


1150 ɽ
꺺ӣҲǡôĳ֣Ʒ쾧ʯ£Ȼ΢΢üͷһ۷ĳīˡЩ֣ոʶɨʱȴһ͵ȴ̵סƾʩչӲûܴ͸ǲϡ֮꺺ӺĿһ۳īˡ
ʱХѾ˹ЦĿųīôԸûʱޣҪɴһֺˡȻĻ۸һɾСϣЩġɱأ
ХǹһĨ̵Цݣ˼ȻҲûιʲô
˾Ҹڶõһ𣬶߾ȻּŮ׷ߡǸ۷ʿ
һСϡʲôʸӵų浱Լˣˣôߵ׷ߣˣ
֮ǰҲǸֲڣĸǹԹԵģ
īХ죬Ȼһ꺺ӣȷ˭䣬˭⳥ʧһʧ԰ɣ
꺺ӵͷһ۳īû˭ˣ˭⳥ҵһʧⲻ𣬾һУճǡʹ
īͷХ죬׼𣿡
Х̲סЦСϣүүɱСʲôʱҪ׼ˣ
䣡
īϣȻ䱬һƥϢ
һ˲䣬ǡҡˮֱƴڰУͳŽϵ˴ѵС٣
꣡
һɫףɲǼ䣬ֱ¥
׼ȷ˵¥еĳī
һ̣꺺Ӷ̲ס΢΢һīľٶȫԤ֮⣬һֱʧ
ֻһ߷ѣҲʧ֮¡
ͬʱɵаС˵ֱ̫ˣ
ճǶɽ١Ҫˣ
ֱǷˣ
ХСҪ
ðɣүҲ׬ȡһڵļƷ쾧ʯѣȴҪүҵǣ
һ׵Ľ٣꺺ӣҲı䡣ͻȻЩڣΪʲôҪХСĽ飿
̵ġͷҪĻүҵĳǣүҸû꣡
еĽѸپ£ƺƵޱ޼ʣճУеʿȫˡųȥ
ʱ򣬻ƨ֣ȱҪ
ҪǱմϣǲǵ˴ù˭ù
ոոϹ½ѩЩˣȫڵһʱ䣬ȥ
ˮɫ֣࣬Ƕô뿴īĳ氡
˵Ĳֹˮһ˶ڷĸճǶɽ٣
һ˲䣬ǼͿˣ
ոջֵճǣ˲һƬš
˿ճеˣѾһ֮˳īХ֮⣬ʣǼǻûüܵġ
ХҲסˣ漴ϣ¶һĨ֮ɫЦҪԸңɾ٣д⣬뷨Ҳҵɽ٣Сȥɣ
ХȻ񣬵٣Ȼû룬ֱī֣Ҫϳī٣
꣡
һ֮׽١
Х˲֣ˡ
¡¡
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һ̳
Х죬Ҳ̲סһ䣺
·ϵ٣Ҫ׺̫࣬ںܶ˿·ϵֹһҪ࣡
Ҳ˵·ϵ٣١Ϊֻ·ûбطӰ
·ϵжڳīȻ֮κˡȥֹ
ʱ򣬽īֱӻɱ
Ļпֲܱٸϣһϣͽޱȱٸӿֲ١
ХֵļһȴҲȫ֮ǰǰ޼ɵԳī֪ī϶Ķ֣ʱҲҪܱϡ
ХֱӼһϵķͷֱӳһƬռ䣬Щ֮ȫıܿ
ûݵͬҲ
Хһ˫ۣĹâųīķҧСֱӱ׸ȻĻһϣһߣ͸öӾˣ׻ƴδؼҵģҡХģ
¡¡
УһǵӰ
ԶˣڿһĻ
ˮų壬µʵûô
ЩȷĵӦûɣХǷˣȻĻ϶ʱ֡
ٽʱأˮʵ
ʱ򣬻һʮƶ˵ٽʱХ졭ѾĶˣ
ˮͳȫң˵İɣҶ˽⣬ȻǿȴûӵˡʵҲ֤ˣÿһΡǶԵġ
ÿһôˮֹ
ÿһΣһ档


1151 ڶɽ٣
꣡
һɫףī
īͷڷڷз裬գûмκηе֮塣ͬʱڲϵĴ߶ķڶɽ١
ХԶԶĿţٴ壬СˣΪã
Զĺܶʿȴȫ𺳵ˡ
ٴ塭ǸһﾹȻٴԼǷ񰡣ѵͲ¸
·ϵٰٴһīǷ񡣡
ðɣѾˡƾˡ
ܶ˶̲סܳīɵɽ٣ƾԼľٶҲȷǰŵòᡣͬʱҲӮ˵ľ⡣
ˮһĿţ̲סΪʲôХ컹֣ǺųصµôȻɽ٣
ͯӰվˮ΢΢üаԴ԰һս֮ˮ˵̬Щʧˡȥ⡣Ȼѣȴ֪ôڡ
Ϊô˵ˮ᲻ˡ
½ѩվգµĿţȻ󲻶ϵĵͷͨīɽ٣ӡ֤Լĵ
Ҳţ˵ʢ֮ʿīн죬Ĳ˵
˵ɽ٣ʵҪɵġɽԸХ죬²ɹ
ڶɽ١½ѩȻһ˵ûɽХ죬ȻĻʹٳХˡ
΢΢һ漴˵ѽΪʲôɽХأ
һЩȷ˵ɽ֮󣬾ɽˣ
ʱһȵĵɣɽ٣η١Ҳסֽɽٵѹɣ
½ѩ˵δأҵǾãܲˡ
ʱ˿̣̫˶²͸īĿġΪԸХ죬ôھӦֱӴٳХŶԡΪʲôһֱڣûж
䣡
䣡
䣡
޴ɫ׺¡
ɢǹƣ˶еͷ
ٿǵӰȻûκζĶֻգϳ׵ϴ
ġϴԼһ
ӣ
̬

һʱ䣬֪ж˵УĴʻ㡣
ʵ̫˵㡣
Х죬˿̶ЩüͷɽٵʱҲûгīôŰ
˵ī˷ʩչһЩ׵ͨȻֻżӲһסĻХԼܹܡΪôġ
һֱҲХаԸеһ顣
̤֮·ûдκһ٣
Ʒһֱڣе٣ȫˡѾֵýˡģֹЩÿζɽٵʱ򣬼һףӲ
ĺޱǿᣡ
ٴ壬ܲǿ̶ȽʿĽʡ
ХӺܶʿһɣǡٶҶɣʲôʿ׶ӲҲ˵Լ콾
ڣǰȫеĳīȴʵХݺһƣ
һƣֱ
˼ʲôٶҶɣ
Ϊ磬޽ɽҲãɽҲգɽ١ʵȥɵġΪعȫ֮еľ
īȻڶɽ٣˵пܸԼһҲûдκһ٣
һ㣬ѷɫ
ԭΪīҪȴޱյķ֣˼Ҿڶɽ٣
û
ȴͷɵĶ㵽һԣҿ
ɵһڼ֤˼ҵĳɹ
ХԽԽڰգӭ裬ӢǵӰ̲ס򵨱ֱӼһݺųīȥ
һɫķɵ
ɵֵһ˲䣬ֱпգ˲͵˳īǰ
ȥɣХЦ
ԶΧ۵һЩˣ̲סһ
Хˣ
š͵Ϯܱܹ
հ
̫޳ˣ
ʱ͵ϮУصķ±ٲ𣿡
塢ˮͻҡǵ˵ɫˡû뵽Х쾹ȻҲ˷ĸʱԳī𹥻
ʱ򣬾˵һĻˣ
ХĿš
ԶеʿȫĿš
īһѣץһɫף
ǵɫףһ㣬һϸɫīץУһޡ
ݺݳХǰѷɵ˹ȥ
˵ʵϣһзÿ쵽˼飡
īǰѷɵһ˲䣬ЩΧ۵ʿǸո˵Ƿ
飡
ǰѵķɵֱӱɫ׵÷飡
Ȼǵīץеɫ׵磬ġݺݳХ죡
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ʱһƬ֮ףҲˡ
һƬ׺˲佫īС
ХͷѡǼϵķ⵹ˡسɴͨʩչ˼£ǿܿǵƳ޵ɫס
ʱХ죬ҲѾīƳճǣ
ʱ˿̣ճУʣ˳īԼûƬ׺С


1152 ֪
Хɫ࣬һŭĿճϿյǵӰеĴܣɥַŭȻƳճǣͱһСӲģץһף˳
ֱܴ裡޷ܡ
īХҧǼϵı׷ޱɭĿճǵķ򣬷ĵɽ֮󡭡ڣ
ǺǡճϿգЦ
ʱɫ׺еǵӰȻɳһɵϢҰ񷣡
ԶΧ۵Щ̲סһ󾪺
šȻɹˣ
£Ȼɽٳɹ
ǲ˼飬Ȼ˴ͷβٴ塭Ȼ󻹳ɹˣ
ɽٰ̫˼ˣ
īХķֱӳ˹ɽ֮ڣˣүүɽ֮󣬻Ƕɽ٣
¡¡
һӿµף
ɽ٣
ȫˣ
ǸȺе꺺ӣ˲ճǵʧ̲סзһСӷȻҪȥɽ٣
û
īڳɹ̤ɾֱ֮ɽ٣
ûһԥ
ХҲûһ˿˿Ǽݷ֮󣬱īֱӸ˸ӿֲɽٵСƿڴ
ʱ˵ʲôˣȫɽٸֽȥߣ
µ٣ֱͷ˹
Хǳɹɹɽٵˣ˵Ӧηɾ١ǣףͲɽ׵ǿȡ
ǡ٣
ң˫ĵף
ΪХľ磬ѾﵽͻƵٽ㣬һٲϣǾǵ٣
ǣХ컹ûȫöɽٵ׼û·ҵԼǷݻԵ
Ҫɽֱ֮ӳذأأ
ڣֱĶɽ٣ܳ嵽ءѾõĽˡ
Хޣ޲ܽīң
ٶɹ֮󣬾ȻûߵԼ·ͷҪֱӳ߰صҲˣ
õĽɽ֮󣬳嵽أȻ·ϣҵԼĻԵԼ·ͷʱ򣬳嵽ص⣬Хýˣ
īˣֱӵĽ࣡
ڻĵУ
ǰ;
ƫƫ޿κΣڣȫӦԵ٣ûκ˼ȥ
ХӲǵףŭҪߵ·ͷɽٵˡȴīˣ
īұɱ㣡
úöɽ٣˵Сıīķ򣬴һ
Х켸ȴ˱ܵøԶЩһ
֪˵ī֪ãǸ˵޵кá֣ڳīϣЩˡ
̫ˡ꺺ӣ̲סֹһ䡣
հˮĿɿڴĿǱߵһĻȫû뵽Ľ
īХĶ֣˵īߵЩ˶ôġԣ³īɽ٣Ҳδػʲôý˭û뵽īȻҽ١
־ٶֱɱ
ûʿô
ʵԳī˵Ͳʲô⣬Ҳǵһôˡ
澳֮壬ҪʵҪΨַͨʽĲϴСīͲԼٶһ㣬ٸǿһء
뷨Ǳ֪϶ֱιȥ
ʵϣɽ֮󣬼ɽ٣ǶԳī˵ҲһĿ顣
ûʩչ׾ûмκεķΪԼͻƣ
Ҫ֪澳֮֮ϣʲôղ֮
ī֪볢ԣ
䣡
ֲɼףϣֱӾˣӣֱӱѪģ
īһ£ֱһϣһƬѪ⣬֮Ѫ
ǿ󵽿ֲ
Ѫգ˿ľ
һĻҲòپ˿̲ס
ˣ
ɽΡ
ϧ˰
ĳīˣȫ¶֮ɫ
īˣˮȴ¶ĵЦݣͬʱҲظ˿װͷ˰ɣ
ͯӰ촽̲ס˵һ䣺ˣҾáֵء
Զ˫˫ȫЩĿһͯӰ
ˮĿһͯӰ˵Ϊ˵
ͯӰʱЩΣɫ΢죬ǣֻǾãֵضѡ
ظƨԶЦⲻ֪Լ
˫˫Ĭһ£Ȼ˵ȷԼģҲ
Ȼû˵ͯӰĿ⣬ȴ¶ֵǡ
ʱͯӰı־ЩԾƺˮ֮䣬Ҳ˼ָҡ
ͯӰͷû˵ʲô
ʱ͵ķһ󾪺߼˵עȫųīǱ߿ȥ


1153 ɱ
ˮ۾΢΢¶õЦݣ˵ͯӰùͷˣɽ٣ֶɽ٣ٵʲô鵤ҩٴ壬˵ףٴģûмܳɹɽٵġһɹĶûУ
ī״̬ȷܲã壬Ѿã඼¶еһЩط¶ɭȻ׹ǡ
ĶҲóٻƺÿֵһ٣ҪѺܴҲû˸ոץһ׵ӳ˵ơ
īԶĵطŵٵХīͦס
˶һ㶣˵ХӦǶԳī֮ôΪʲôҪ
ʱХٴδһҵģ쵰˵ҵĵУҵУҵ·ҾŹ㣡ǧˣĻһźͦס
䣡
һХ죬Хû
Զˣȫǳ鴤ĿɿڴΪϣīͦס
룬ХҲĹߵģΪһ˶ҪӵĴڣɾ磬ܻɱصܻص콾ȴ·ϣڳīӲǰ١
Х˵īĵУУ·⻰û˵ĳ̶ֳ˵ȷ
ȻһУʵХҵġ
ǼϷӲͦŲߡڳīɽ֮ľ΢иһ£ΪڽˣԺúʰīˡǼϵı׷
īӣɽ١
Ⱑ
̫ˣ
Ȼı죬ȻҲ޿κΣ
ԶΧ۵˵УХ׷ߣʱԱ˴˶һۣǵУȻ¶һ˿˿ֻ
Ƕյˣ
ȴХ׷ߣĸԸģ
ôܣ
ǱƵġ֮£׷ߣȻǸԶŲͬԭ򣬵ȴһ⣬ȫǱţ׷ߵġ
Х챻ϽٵУɽ١ܳɹɹ٣δɾͣҲ϶֮ǰԤ롣
üˣȫгһڶԳīм
ϣīܹɽٳɹȻ󡭡ݺݵĸХһػܴ
īǳ⡣Ϊӣʵ̫Ǳˡ壬ûһõطˣãȥ䡣
ˮǼŮˮ̲ס
棬૵ôôɵΪʲôҪΪʲôôϲ𣿡
һҪͦסҪˡңҲȢңˮ˫Ŀ޺죬ǳġ̲סȵīķأĵأ÷
ǸѾ޵˵
ҲȦͨ죬ȭͷֵܣеģһ·˪ѩȫÿһΡ㶼ǶԵģһƽɹⳡѣ绹ҪȾأ
½ѩǱ̾һϧ
ҲȦŮǸһЩģŮΪīеϧ
ǿīһΡؽ١
Ϊڣɽٻûнеһ룬īȴѾ˴ˣ
꣡
һףֱӻڳīıϣֱӽīһ޴ĿѪӿһƬ
ī壬ҡҡλΣƺʱ׹䳾
ȴû˷֣īȻȫ£ýѣطʼգȴģ
ͷ­

ǵģʿ˵ҪĲλīǱõģ
ֻ˿ī϶ǲˣҪˡע⵽ҲΪīҴȥĿܡ
ˮЦοı飬ȻīûϣȴоǸ޴ĽᡭƺѾ⿪һˣ
ֻҪˮΪؽ
ԶΧ۵Щʿ˿Ҳȫ̲סһ̾Ϣ
˵漣ĿѾ΢΢кܶˣϣܹ漣
ʱǱߵХ죬ҲѾ롣
٣Ȼ˫ȻͦˡͷѡǿķҲûȥӲףΪĻͷΧȥðա
Ǽ׷ߣİ
׼֣Ȼ赣ʲôӲף壬һ˵Ļ˵ȶֵģǼ׷ߣ
Ҿκ͵ϮҵĻᣡХţīǱ߿һۣŭȵīͦסˣҪɱ㣡
ʱͻһӰ֪ʲôطðģ˲ڳīԣݺһƣųīĲĹȥ
ϧ٣ҲҪɱī
ɱֲ֣


1154 ֮ض
Ϯɱ
һΣȫǲҪİɱ
Ȼɱ˳īҲһɣ
ûڳٵ£͵Ϯһ˻
ԶΧ۵ЩȺУ˲һƬȻ
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īˣ
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һö˶˵ʿڶɽ٣͵Ϯʮа˾ҲҪ䣬ǿӹһ٣ٻشǧ궼δָܻ
˵ĳīֻʣ²ȥԭޱȡܻǲŽмˣ
Ŀѡ
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ĿҶǣ
һ
һѾĵնǵԳī𹥻Ӱ
¯ͬһʱģǳֵٶȡ쵽˼飡
׼ȷ˵һĻ˵ĸоƺȫͻȻðһ˲ҪϮɱīͻȻðǸˣҪǰѵײȥɱ
ϾҪˣȻַӦ⡭⻹𣿡
ͷһ˲䣬˵ͷ
̫̬ˣ
̫ˣ
̫ˣ
ۣ
ǰѵһͰǵӰնΡ
Ѿˣɹ͵ϮһΣΣܱô𣿡һЩԳīǲȱȫд
նεǵӰŭȻǷŭ˼£ҲãȻԸӵĵز
ΪʲôҶµǱᱻ㷢֣ΪʲôԻɱȴ޷κո̤ɵʿΪʲô˲ҲİȻնأȴûȥ
꣡
һףֱ
ֱڲͷ­֮ϣһ޴Ѫ˲֡
Ȼֹ
٣һ׶ûȥֱӱԪ񶼱飬ɢ֮䡣
ɴƬء
ಣ
ǰѵ˲ʧ
ˣ
ֻɫ¯ٴβ
꣡
һףڳīϡ
īԭͲȱ壬ƺܵش
еˡеģȫɵˡ
ʲôࣿ
͵Ϯȴװѳī𣿳īϵķҪҪôиԣиԵġǳīԼ
Ҫʲô
£ѵ첻ɣ
̫ˣ
ǱߵХ˶ŵһ£˲롣
ǣ
һףƿķϣֱýХ췢һУתָƣȻŬҪȫ񣬶ڶɽϡ
̫ˣ
ΪīոջɱǸ˵ֶΣֱ̫ˣ
ǸҪųīͬھģôնˣ
ī÷׵ģΪʲôǲã
Ҫʲô
꣡
һףХϣХҧӵĹͷ׵ȫֿ
ɲ֪Ϊʲôһ̣˵СŷݶɽٵХ죬رԶǸõļһֱѷˣ
ХԼָо
Ϊīʵ̫ˣ
֪Хˣ˵ХǸӣ˿־ĵزڸһԵĳīХķ񡭡ĲʲôˡΪīҪ
һһףڳīĲ֮ϡ
ķľΨҾڳīĵзУ¡¡ĵΨгīһ˲ü
ΨҾУ
ʲôж죿컯
١ʵ컯
𿴳īڵȥޱȲȱƺҵʱ䡣ڱ˿ĵطīѪ⡭ȴڿʼ
ÿһףóīѪٶȱֻܶ࣬ҪѪ⣬±մϣҲȻûκα仯
ֵУѾԽƬ֮¼ʿ֪ܿߡˣ綼̫ˡǸͲףҲ²͸īڸʲô
䣡
䣡
䣡
Ƭ׺Хû
Զˣȫ̲סХĵ٣Ѿ׶Σ
ХڱǿеϽ֮󣬱ɽ٣ͻƵص
˽ŵǣХɽ֮󣬿»һʱ䡭Գī֣


1155 ǿ
ܶ˲²⣬ХѡھͶԳī֣
Ѿٲˡ˵Ƭ׺ֱӳī
ȫ߶ȽţƬƸǵǵġҲȫ
ȻⲻǼҵսֻ棬¾Ǹ߽׵һδҿ
ȻԶΧ۵ЩʿǶûв´Хڵٵʱ̣Ƭ׺ֱӳ˳ī
׺𣺡īȥɣ
ʲôųīɹ֮ɱʲôųīֱӺɱͳͳȥɣ
ӵȲˣ
Х˵ھоֲ޹ļһֱӺɱ
ڳҵķˣˮҵķŭгһŭ𡭡ûϡ
硭ؼҵģ
Ƭ׺˲ͽīڸˣƬ֮䣬ĩճǧɫףƬ򳹵֡
һ̣ǵУ޷Ƭ
û֪һ̣浽׷ʲô顣
ˣȫ˳īءлл㡣
Զˣһ̣ȫˡ
ˮˣ
ȺеĿ׺Ҳˣ
ˣˣ
ãһ𾪵ı飬û裬ԼԴˡ
ԭ̾ĿƱ飬˲һɨգ̲סЦҲǷˡ
ˮĿɿڴͬһŮ
£Ҳ˲ʲôŮӵ֣̲סһļСĵҪˣ
ӣСʶſ˫⣬ҪƬ׺÷ˣпҵĵܵܣܲܲҪôĥˣ⵽ڸʲô
Ҫ׸һˣȻżȲȱӣޱ˵һ仰
˭ˣ¶÷衣
Хĸһ㣬Ƿˣĸо
Ϊ׺ǰƶҲǽԼ壬֮£
һƬ׺ɹ֮󣬱̤磬Ƭ׺ҲǡǡΪֲɱУ
Х磬Ѿ̤Σܲˣī
Ҫ٣ѳī
ɳīǾ仰ȴ̣״ȫȫԼΧĶһζĳī
Ӳ㣡Х
ллīƺøˣ˵֣ԵЩӡŲԡ׺УȻֻʣɭȻ׹ǵֱۣȥӭƬ׺ĵ
ǵٰ
ķеĵľΨҾУīĵڣʶСȫ¡¡Ĵ֮
һΣīзĴ֮˳˳Ƭɫ׺˳޾յС
˵ɫ䣬ȥ
·ϵǸ꺺ӡ
һǧһˣ˳֮ңɫ԰׵ĿճǵƬ¶˼ɫ૵ôܣ
˶ˣ
Щճǳʿȫڷˣ
ִ֮ǲûκκôڴĹ
ǵĵڷڣ
һЩΪһЩʿʼ˻ɵͷڻԼĵ
̫ˣ
⣬ΨҾУ
ΨҶ𣬶֮컯
Ƭµ飬ȫڱķΧ֮ڣ
һְԵµĹ
ƽУڴ˿̣īڶɽ٣ĲΧǿһ˿־ķΧ
ֵңءΧ֮ڣ컯Զᣡ
һ̣ǳ塢ˮЩ׽īˣˮ׺ЩīˣȫûκԥԶǧסʶȥǴ֮
īĲڷ⣡
â貶Ŀ¡¡Ĵ֮ϣڷĳ־䣡
ī̤ɾ磬δԪһһ̣µٺХĵ֮£ʼԼԪһ
һ̣īڴͬҲڴԪ
һ統ꡣ
Ǹʱĳīʿ㲻ϣΪһСߣȫǣȫѪ߳һǰ޹֮·
־磬īȻǿûѡǧ֮áȻðգ
ôɽٵĳīԼǿϽ磬ԣĴ󵨵ĴԪ
һĻХ죬ûΪһ̣ųīڷ¡¡ҲòԼʶԶǧ
Ƭٵ׺ҲϨХڡԸԳĳ˵磡
죡
ҲХ죬ˣӲϽٵУôڣѾˡХȻԼͻƵ˵ľ硣
ѪܶطһƬͷɢ˿ȥޱȵǱ
Х٣ˣվգЩãȻĿճǵķҲѾ˳īɽٵβƬ׺ʼ֡


1156 
ʱХͻȻ䷢һԽܵʵīɽ٣ɵ١īɽ֮󣬲ŽϽȥġɽٵʱ䣬ͱȵҪ̡ĵѾīɽ١Ȼոյβ
Х췢һĵб٣·ϣһ٣ֻͻƵ˵졣ȻֻĿšǸȫûзһҪѹˣŲ·Ȼɽ١
īҸ㡭죡Х
ҰԾ
ѾǧЩʿǣз׷⣬ХһĻšХӰԽԽԽԽ
ֱ󣬳ʧ
˸̲סХˣ
ܰɣХ첻Ѿɹɹ٣Уôܻϵ˲⡣
Хսޱǿᣬɾʱ򣬾ͿԺ߽׵̤УǸǿôϵʵ
УһԴֻХ챻ǿ뵽ٵУȶ˵٣ѾǱӵĺܲˡʱ̣Ȼ֪ȥīͼϵĵٻɱīȴû뵽ǹһ񡣶Ҳˡ׶·δ·
ѾΪ𣿡ʵ
ЦˣΪôԸ̤ذصĵ磬ô㣿ֻ˵ոʹ޵ģҹ춼ûͻƣҳ׶·ϵĵѾ·ųȥˣص֮Ȼܹñʱ˶̵ʱ䣬߽׵ĵȴѾǷϵһˣ
ܶ⻰̲סһ󾪺
˿̳īɢ¡¡ҲѾֹͣǿʼճǵķۼȥ
ǱߵȺһƬɫȻīӰ
˶֪ī϶ǻأ
ˣȻҲжˣܿɢȻ׺ڣǾ˵ī١ûж꣡
ʱȺвͻȻ뵽֮ǰХ뵽Ǹ⡣
īʱôô˾
ǰɽٵʱ䣬Ȼȵٵʱ仹
⡭жеǰһ𣿡
ʱУһ֮ǰЦХǵΣûֻζżأɽٵʱ䳤ֻ˵ʺ⣬ţӦ˵Ƿǳ⣡һ˸һԳ֮
ǰָ㡣˴˵
ʱҲʶӦһǰܣ֪ʶԨĺܶࡣ
صٴ𣺡ͨʿɽ٣ͬһٵʱ伸ࡣЩ˿ʱ΢һ㣬ĹͨȽǿ󡣳īʱ䣬ףҲֻ˵һ£Ĺǳ졣
ȺһĬܶ˶˸¶ӵĹâȻһЩת뵽īս󲿷һӴȫ
һʵǶ֡뻹˰ɣΪһ翵ĶԼ
ûХԺɨ˵콾ڳīǰӵޱô
ˮдǿҵԹޣųīķк޵ҧгݵġɱɱ˳īХȻҲɱ˳īһ˽𣿲ǳһĺ𣿻Ǹ֪ıĳҰ֣ˣô·ϴʣƾʲô
׺ҲޱܣƯҲĳʼȸ𼸺ȫīߣֻҲīˮԹŮն䡣ȻµĳͿȸ֮ǰҪ̫ࡣ˵ʸ񶼿Ҫʧȥˣһˣʮа˾Ҫܡԭ˵еУֻĿȸҲٮٮߡ
ī׺жԳīĺ⣬ҲǷǳǿҡ
ʱԶеƬ׺Ȼ䱬һƬ޷ֱӵĹââǿҵԸӵĳ̶ȡ
ǵҲ۾ȥֱӡ
ˣ
ȫ˫ۣа
һӰƬâгͷڷ裬ϴŷɵս£һѪ纣͸һǿļµϢ
ɣ
īɹɹ٣Ԫһ̤ھ磡
ڣȴȺеһЩ·жֱüͷ
Ϣ̫ǿˣ
ܹȷӦīϵϢһΪһոͻƵ߽׵У
ٺȻɢȥīɽٳɹ
һ̣̲סˣ
һ·ϵһĴУ
ľȻرߣսȴ൱ǿֳһսꪣֱųīؿڴȥ
ٶ̫ˣ
һâϵҲ̫ˣ
һѾƶʱ
ҪīҪɱţ
ϣ
߱˲ڳīУǸսꪣݺһ˹ȥ
ؼ䣬һҵĺ


1157 ս
Ĵ˫ཻһ˲䣬ɫʱһ䣬һɰ˳ǸսꪣֱӺֱ֮ϣֱ۾ҷ飬ղסǸսꪡ
ǸսꪣȻֻһӲ̶ȣȴڣȴѿһķ϶
Ȼ߱һˣ
Ĵе󾪣ͬʱҲǿҵķŭһٴīնȥ
һȻʯ쾪һں˱ܷ񾭵һεײ
īͬһֳ߱죬նսꪡ

һ죬ǸսꪡӦϡ
쾳ʿ¶޾ĺȻ֮ɫ̲סһȥǶΪصĵսꪣ
īһնеӣҪб룡
ʿαˣͬʱʩչͨҪΣУɱī
īͷһ¯ֱ˳īͷһ֮Ȼ֮ųī¯ܷӳǿ󡣲Ϸ֮֮ڶԵ˽Ź
ͨڻ¯µĻ֮棬ȫΡ
īһն
˫ֱӾûκνսһ
ʮغ֮˫ֿտյĵŭһһȭīؿڡ
ûʹ÷࣬ǱһȭȭͷϲŸǿĹһȭƴһǳ·𶼵סȭͷ
īֱ߱Ӵĵȭͷīûκα飬һȭؿڣ
У¶־ŭɫһȭգģֱӽīұ
͵ǸīͬھˣΪīһҲԻ̴ĵնĵ̨
Ĵзһŭسīͬھ
߳īȴˣֱӹȥֱʩչڤ˵
һ꣡
貣Ļꡣ
һѾɾĳīʩչȥȫͬնԵĵˣҲǵĴУȻɱʮ㣬Ĵˡ
ڶɱ
һڳīʩչʵ޻еɱ⣬·ȫһС
һȴĴɫ䡣Ϊ־ĴУȻһ̺ŵľɱѹơ
ۣ
һֱһȻȴѪ˿ڡ

еѪոʳһ㣬ֱӾͱ߱աŵɫ԰ףˣָųīѵ
īĿ·ʿɭȻʵΪʲôҳ֣
ߣ㲻˳ۣɱ㣡ֱӼһȻī
ɢ򣬴ƥϢҪīֱ顣
ī̧־һ
һڤ˵ڳīԼһ
ϣ
꣡
ֱӱīһն顣
߱ĵ֮ϣûκκۼ
ī΢΢һ𣬸ոһľ޴󡣵ȴ˸е𺳡
ԶЩΧ۵ȺУ̲סķһ󾪺
һеΧ۵˵У·ڵ
һЩĴʿҲȫīһ֮ǰȫһԼĵ档ɱС
īһĴмķնڤ˵ĵնǣ
ǵһеϣٴһ˿ڡ
ͱܲ
ĴԼǿԱܿһġ
̫ˣ̫аˣ
Χ۵Щʿϣ¶غ֮ɫе⡣
˵⵶ƺеǴ˵Уʮǰһľ
ʮǰ̫ˣ׻ƴķѣʷѺۺͶϲ㡣Щ죬࣬ȴѾʷĳС
īն˵ĵ
جΣ
Ȼն˵嵶ף
ֱһʱٵסֱӽԶ˸һܵҪȴŷһȻǳīеġ
ٴν쾳ʿƵˣ˿ڡҲǱԼһĴУȻһƵǱʧҲ˵޹⣬ʧҲص
СұػὫѹ쾳ĴҲǷ˺ݣҪʼʩչѧ
һ̣īϵƣٴڶ
һΣīת˾еı־־
嫵˲˷ī۹·һųīӵ
־գױȵ
ʱͿռ䣬һ̣ҲǸָˡ˵УīΧ·ľ޴ӣС
ʱͣͣռŤ
Ȼʱ򣬳īһȻƣҪһĴУ
˵Ϊʲô֣ǾͲҪ˵ˣ


1158 Ҫ
һ̣ȺŵЩУȫˡ
־ѧӦգĻǻӵ·од꺺ӡ
꺺ԥһ£˵ˡ˵ʮǰǸйأĺˣ᲻ἤŭˣ
´޾ϳֵĻǾûϵˡĵд
꺺ԥһ£ͷðɣϳ֣ô¾ûˣ˵ţ꺺ȻȺߣܿʧΡ
쾳ĴУƬռУͻҪͻƳȥ
ΪѾһƬһƬʿĳסĴУ
飬˵ȥ϶û˻ţֱ̫һ㡣
ƫƫͷ˵Ƥӵ¡
ȫڹעڣ˼Ѿʧȥˡ
˵īûʸϯС⣬ھѾûȥˡ˶һ⣬ǣīܲܽ쾳Ĵлܣ
쾳ĴиоǰδеĿֻţ֪һʲôͨȻŤ˿ռ䣬ͣʱ䣬ǰգǱѳ飬ۿųīվơڲϵעȴǹԷ
̤֮·û˱·һʿ˵Ǻ£Ҳǻ¡
ôӵĻԵû취ľֻҪ̫޴϶ߵľ硣
ȴһֻȫûа취ȥ˽Ϣÿǧ꣬ӿ뵽ЩʿǴġ
ЩʿվҪȥģʮ£أվҪ뿪·Ǹʱ·ϵʿǣֻ۰Ͱ͵ĿЩ뿪Ȼ磬ֱһƬ¼š
һǡǱ˵Ҳ˵Զ޷뿪
Դ·ϵʿЩʿǳġһЩ˵ˣеޣ
߿ҲʿʿеһԱԣˮߵһԶ׷ҵʱֻƷ쾧ʯҪɱī
īХٵһ̣߿ԼǮҪˣˣֱһ콾
īɱǸǱصɱʱ߿óīֵһڣ
ΪûܷǸǱյɱ֣ȴīֱնɱˡ
ԣǸԶˣǮӵһڣԭΪǸһܾܾ;ܾǲ˻ȥġ
ñ߿ȫûϵǣԷûоܾȻһڴӦȻŵ³֮󣬸ټһǧƷ쾧ʯ
ñ߿Ķ
·ϵŨôŨҲûмƷ쾧ʯĿ찡
ΪƷ쾧ʯɾ֮󡭡ΪΪƷĶǱ
·û̫쾧ʯ쾧ʯ·ϾӲͨǳ֡˵Ʒ쾧ʯˡǸǿġ
һܹ׬һһǧ򣬶Ա߿˵һ޷ܾĲƸҲ¶Էˣ·棬ɲЩʿ
īɽٽһ̣ԥľͳˣһո̤ɾʿˣǿǿĶȥľ磬ɱһҵʿֵ
Ȼ
ˣ
־ĴУڳīǰռˣ˼ռϷ硣ȻҪͻƳȥܣ
ˣҲŭˣޱȵķŭ
īСеӾͳһս߿ȡ
˭㣿㿪˶ǮңҸ˫ȥɱɱ֮ҸļǮīɭ
߿͵һ˵ģ
īЦһûش·мشһ㡣
ʱȺеˮɫ˲ͱˣԵԶɫĸĿƺҪߡ
߿СҪ˵ġȸǧƷ쾧ʯȻҾ͸㣡
ǧǰɣīдųȻһ䵽߿ǰ
һ˲䣬߿ƺҪѰ֣ȫûһ
ЩʵĽӹǴʶһɨǺ嫵ľŵѴӳȥ
Ʒ쾧ʯ
һⶼûеļƷ쾧ʯ
ңⴢ棬϶ֻǧ࣬ǧ٣
СȻǮͷһҪϵͬ飬ɱˣеĲƸȫӶˣǰѵǸ¯ȫǼƷķѾԽˣˣ˵ʮǰǸ˵ĺˣ˵ϵǼȫ׼ʥأ߿š
Ȼߴī˵ˣҪ˵


1159 ү֤
ȺУˮԶɫѿǸ˲ãǸ
Сӡеˣǧ̫ˣǧҾ͸㣡߿һת˵
ǲҪ
޳ܣ
·ϵУô޳̶ֳܵȣ
ԶΧ۵Щʿ̲סָȺһЩ·ϵʿҲȫ޹⡣ȴ޴ӱ粵Ϊ߿һֱһΨͼСˡ
īȻЦǲǾɵ
߿ЦСҪǲɵΪʲôǧ򣿡
ī˵ΪҪ׼סѽ
߿ȻһʶͶǴȴʲôûиӦŭСƭң
˵ˣүƭģīʱڽƻ˼£Ťת־ʱͿռٴŤ
Ȼһն߿
߿оԼߴһޱɱ⣬Ȼŭƴұȥ
ʱΧ۵Щˣȴǿīֵڱ߿ƴȥķ
һ
̺˳īȫΪһն
߿ͷ­ֱӷ
֮Ѫӿ߱գǰɫĵɲǼ䣬ĺɫһ˲䣬ͽ߿еľѪȡһա
󣬱߿ĵʬѸ׹䣬ֱӽ·һƬ飬һ޴ƥӡ
ʬֲޱߣ
ӵǿĹＸ궼ḯ࣡
ʬãܻ顣ٴ䡣ϧͷ­˿ڳīС
߿ͷ­ŵģУ¶޾ľֺͺȻ
Ĵָ͸ոճīӸֻͬҲڳīУû˿īôȡġ
īƽĿһı߿ڿ˵𣿡
һԶС˵ҴˮƷ쾧ʯҪɱҺóԿҪһȴ˵ֻҪɱ͸һһǧƷ쾧ʯҾͶˡСүСһû취㱨Խҵͷ­ŵ뿪·ٷˣ߿ͷ­Բ˼ٶȣһ˵ô໰ֱӰѳī˵Ŀˡ
ЩΧ۵ҲҪˣôġʣһԴˣͷô䣬֮ǰôû˹Ȼ˾ʱ򣬻ᱻƳԼ벻Ǳܡ

Զˮ
Щ·ϵʿȻǲ֪˭ġ
Щʿĸϵ˵ģ
ˮ綥ҵˣǰ;֮ӡ԰ԷΪīһսҰڳīϡӴ˺󣬾ͺ˳īԡ
ԶҲСʿһҲѾͻƵɾ硣Ȼˮ׷ߣӵŲ̫ʵֻԲˮ߿Իøõδ
ˮĸ
ǸīгҼѾ֪ˡ
û뵽ǣǾȻ·ϵʿҪīɱ
Щˣ
Ϊʿ֮ĶԹڲʿ·ϵʿ̸жԶˡ
ˮǷ˴ɡ
˲䣬ܶ˵Ŀ⣬ȫˮķȥ
ˮǿ򶨣վЦںԣ
ԶҲǳ⣺õȻ˵˵˵ҼҴ˵֣˵ҼҴ˸īжԹݺ𣿡
߿ͷ­ʱŭˣƿڴСΪүүûһУޣүүǲԶˣү֤ݣ˵ţֱӶԳīһĵĵҵĴָ棬һӰʯԣĲѽǸԶСҽ׵Ļ棬ȫ¼
⻰һһƬȻܶ·ϵʿ̲סüͷ˵߿ĴУ̫ȱˡȱµΪȴƺһҲֵõġ
īֱӽ߿ĴָϵľӡĨֶΣñ߿һĺѾǺڵĿҪˡ
ǵ˰˱ѪùôǵôһһɣƽľӡѰ⻹
Ҫ֪īһֲĹ˵һڡʮڣһٸڡҲȥ

īӱ߿Ĵָ棬ҳǿӰʯͬʱҲ淢˸ֱ벻߿ͦԣġвٴŷӡĺӣװӦöһЩƷҩġ
īֱӼӰʯ
ʱһ桪߿Զ׵Ļ棡
˵Ŀ⣬ȫͣ
ˮԶһȴɫ԰׵Ȼȥߣ
ʱһĵ֤֮ȥ𣿡
ˮ
ߴһ׷ߣгһ׷ߡ
ҺǣҲں棬ɫƵĿˮԶ
ˮ˵ȥҵɣǻҲɣ
ˮ˵ǿ߰ɣ
˵ţֱӼ߰˼

Χһɢ
½ѩ棬˿ҲŸԵ׷ߣԶȻԮˮġ
ˮŭʲô
ʱ򣬳īǱߵӰʯУ߿


1160 ǧǰ֤
˭ʲô
߿ϵı鶼ɼƺᷳ
ӰʯųĻ浱У߿ϵƶֺ֡ҽǶȺͷλ˵ģĿ˵κα顣ԶżĵЦݡ
Ǳ߿ǰɣԶˮ׷ߣҼҴˣ硣Ҫһס
߿ĮȴӰʯķһۣУȻ͸һĨթͽƻÿһĻˣȫ̲סһ󾪺ţһ
ɼ߿ȻϿĮʵȴѾӰʯúã׼⻭¼
˵֮ǰѾϵԷҪʲôӦ׼
̫թˣ
ǽƻ
޳ܰϲ֤ݣý˵
Ⱥдһ
ΧˮԶɫѾӲ԰ױΪ֤࣬ȷ䣬޿ɱ粵
˫˫ͯӰͷŮӣҲŲŵɫǸͲ֪顣ǰ֪϶Ȱˮʿ
Ҳ˵Щһ̰ԣ˲¹ͷһˮһĴ
ַɻ飬ôȥ̫Ϳˣ
һΣ˫˫ˮ׷ߣﶼ¶˼ʹ֮ɫܲԸ⿴ֻ棬ϣԼĴˣǸصĴӢۣܹ֪ܶ£ȻĻܳī
ڡѾƫȷķˮһ·ȥء
ʱӰʯеĶԻڼ
ףʲôףҴȺס˵ңҵӦòûԭ򡣲ҵļ룬ܸġ߰ɡ
߿Į˵
ǰĴ˼汲ǧǰһνף֪Ƿ񻹼ǵã
ţǧǰһ·߿΢΢üȻȻǲǻɱ½һǼ£ʱǸˡŶŶŶˣҲôҵôȱ£ϲƱˣ
ȺһƬȻԭʮֵ½ѩ۾ȻˣˮĿУޣ
ǧǰ½һǰ;ˣ·ϡʱ˵˵λ½ҵˣǱʿˣȴûκ֤ݡҲֻ֮ܲ
ŵ䣬ȻϧȴҲͬǲɱ顣½Ҳû֪ԭ£Ȼҵǰģ
ˮ죬ɫ࣬һԲ޵˲ǳīҲǱ߿ߵԶ
˵Ȼе飬˵˳ȥⲻǰ׳ɱˣ˭еĵϸ˵ˣ
ԶоԼĴԴ˿һƬհףѾȫʧȥ˼Ժֻص֡ˣ
ӰʯĻУԶЦŵнĶԹԹ壬Ҳһ׮ǰԸεĽףԸƷ쾧ʯ
ɱ˭߿ĮȻʵ
īԶ˵Ǹ֡
˶Ѿ֪ˣӰʯеԶ˵ֵʱ򣬻һȻ
߿Цǻ˽ҵļ밡ɲУǧǰļ۸˵Ҫɱ˵ƺһУӵżߵս϶ǲܵġ
Զ룬һ˱߿ǰ˵棬Ʒ쾧ʯ˽ǰԸǰǰֻҪǰӦɱ˳īͷǻдл
У߿ĺЩһ£ȻһǴ˵ðɣ⽻ףҽˣ
ԶȥȻ󣬱߿Ӱʯٺһ֣浽ˣȻֹ
˷˿һƬš
ˣȫĬ
ˮͳˮĿУɱ
ʱ򣬱īı߿ͷ­ƺҪ˵ǧǰһεӰʯҲУүǿӰʯڴָһƽ桭
īǻƽȡ
߿˵Զԣ
īûԥֱӽǻƽӸԶ½ѩ
½ѩסǺӣȻһ۳īȻīϹʩһ񣺡ӣ½ĳǷһ飡
½ѩ˵ţƽȻˮˮˣϣʱ㡣˵ţ½ѩһ׷ߣתߡ߱ߵӣͷ磬ʲô飬½ң½ѩؽȫԸ
˵ī˵
ʱ˽Ŀ⣬еˮϡ
ˮɫ÷ڣվīӡ
߿ͷ­С˵үүһսʱСıĵѾʧȥ˵ⲻСĿһ£Ҿˡ
īǳ˳飬߿Դֱ˩Լ䣬ȥЩ}ˣһˮ߹ȥ


1161 
㡭ʲôҪɱͬľ𣿡ˮԵԶɫȵīĿ⣬·ŭǲҰ׵ɫͲϲ˫ȣƺ
ţ㣿㣿īһԶֿһˮ
ȫˮ
ˮȴڳĬ
˭ܸоˮ˿ֽźŭ
ճ棬мʮˡ˿̲ȫۼЩ˵У·ϵʿӷװϾֱܷóʿϣ붼ǳ档
ǸոȻŭīճжɽ٣˽֮ۼôྫʳ棬ҲûôīˡȻҪԭ򣬻ǳī̫ˣ
еԴ˩ءҪ죬ҪȵԼķ
ЩʿǵһˮӰУȫηܶ˵Ҳ˸֮ɫ
ܹ·ճʿûˡ޽ɶټˡģΪҲɾ硣󲿷ֶڵĴʿЩȫ߳һܡ
ۼ·ϣȻԼǿ˶ǡЩ˼ǳġ
Щ˵У˼ϱʿ·ΪѰһԵ磬ͼԪ֮⡣ʣµЩʿмżҰĵġ
·Զʱ˵еĳ֮·۽죬ʵȻһ֮·
·ϵļʺܴ󣬿һŻȥô
޽ɽ룬
˵Ѿ̫꣬û˲ġ
ԣ˭õĻԵ˭·ϣߵıȱ˸Զ
ϾηˣȴĽʡȴǵ
ϾĴ־ŵġ
ЩʿĿһ֮Լ˭ţ
Ľ̫ˣһƬ޴ƥĴ½
ب޾պ嫲еһ޴ޱȵ½أ
ǲһǳ
Ϊǳǿ½Ϸ޾Ĳ񷵱šǾ޴ƥǳƬ½ҲͬС糾
һƬ޾ϣ̫ˣţë
ԣŲֵǮʿ̫ࡣ˵Уܻһž޵ŵġ
ˮ㲻ţ㣡
κ޵ġġ߹󲻷УҲ˵ˮǷֻ
Х죬㲻ţ㣡
ΪХ׵ˮǰҴţ˭˵Լǣ
ɾХĶţһѹ˵ľ콾ȻīӵѪúһ·ͣȻӲǱīùӳ޾Ե·
ǸھȻ֪ɱ֣㲻ţû˸˵㣡
Ϊǵ޷ټڳīǰѾҷˡǸ˲֪ȴɱͽ׵ľɱ֣˵һθī˲С鷳֮⡣֮Σһαһαߣ
īǿԴҶ˵Ϊܿ߿ˡȴû˻ϱ߿һǿߣ
˭˵ĵǿߣ»ᱻֱÿˮ
ĵǲ٣ձȴ͵ÿ
һǿߣ·ϵУȴīӲնͷ­䡣
ɰƣݹһмˣ
˵īԶˮʳ仰֮󣬲Զˮ˳ĬˡҲȫ˳ĬУ
ڳīǰ˭ţ
ãˮ̧ͷųī˵˰ɱ㣬ҲԣҿԲ
ˣ
һ磬߹ˣڵǸ߹ͷ­ˣ
ܵȺУʱһ΢ĻȻ
ܶ˶̲סҡͷͷȷѡ񣬿һīĻΪˮʣΪħīֻҪţˮԶʲôδˡ
ȺеĿ׺壬⣬ǿ׺һôġԿ׺Լһ׷ߣתߡ
ȥˣڣīϡ
ҿ׺ѰԼĻԵ֮ɱ㣡׺ţߵʮָɴࡣû˿ԥ
īˮƽĵһһǧƷ쾧ʯô
˸ոյӰʯ棬˭īķζ
ˮȴ̧ͷųīҿ⳥
ܶ˵У¶֮ɫ
н統УΪķˡÿһ޼֮˵ˮ֮ǰǰɽӱȣĻ¶ʮڶ
ǾʮڵļֵΪֹû˵ĸʿֵôǮ
ʮڣѾԹһˡ
ôֵǮīϣ¶һ˿Цݣ˵ô죿


1162 
ǿӲޱߣ
Χ۵ˣһƬȻ
ֱ̫ˣ
Ҳ̫ǿӲˣ
ûκΣֱӾһԵĻ
ˮߵԶҡ
ī俴һֱۣӳˡø˵ֱһԶԴУң޴Ӱ
ԶȻȻ֮ɫ벻īҶ֡
ȺȻһ󾪺ýģ׷ȥ
ס֣ˮŭֱӳȥ
Զһͷ޴Ҳˮ˭ԶġҪɳīɱԶˮպҲײˡ˶׺ġ
īһûˮĳ֡
ǧ֣
ǧֻӰȫģ
ˮֻüסһٶƣǱߵԶѾһҽУ˲䱻Ļ߰ʮƣ
ȫĹͷһ˲ȫѣеĵ̨ˣͬԪһ𣬲嵱ܡѪֱӱӲĸ
Զʬ壬µ䣬һ˫ۻɵϴȫҲܽܣԶ·ϡ
Ǳߵ˫˫һ춯صı
һֱӽסԶʬȻԶԪˣĲ˫˫£ޡԶʬͷҲصȥ
ˮǳ˳飬Ҫ˵ʲôûпڡ
īûֻǿˮԾɡ
ˮһȻŭųīû㻹㻹Ҫ٣ɱҶʲôôҵŭ𡭡ܳܵ𣿡
īЦЦХǼҵŭҶ£ΪʲôҪҵŭ𣿻УҲһΪһϵ˸ҶŭţôǾͲᡣ
ˮʱȻһ˫۾ó죬ҧīѵҪϾɱ𣿡
ûκεŹһҪɱҵˡī˵
áããˮ嶼ЩȻҧɱҡҲûôף㡢ͯӰѵҪ𣿻ҵˡȥˣǽ·ԼһԵġǱҵģϣɱ˳ī
ͯӰˣ໥һۣһ̾ϢȻ˫˫߳
ʮ˳ЩˣȫҵˡŮٶУֻǵϣżֲԸˮΪʵ̫ҶˡҲһ޹⣬ȥ
û취վҵˡˮȻĻˮ֮ǰĴص֮ЩˣҲк³
ʱ˵ҵˣҪܣǷ㣬ֻ˵ġ
ˮҲ˵ˮҲ档
󣬳ˮû˵ʲôмʮ˴Ⱥ߳
ЩϵϢȫʮǿΪûһɸ߽ף
󣬳ˮˣɴཫͯӰͷס
ˮɴ۾ŭǡҪˮΪУ˵ţˮȻ˭һҾͰ
һ£ܶ˶ˣ
һˣ
ˮûҪīֻҪԼһѡ
ܶһ̣˼ȫ
ī˵˭£˭ҵĵˡ
ߵʿʱ΢΢һݡ
ոǵ˷ͷ˲ʧˡ
ûôأ㻹ܸΪвɣתһ룬Ȼ࣬ɾģҪ˭Ϊа
Ϻܶһīʩѹ飬ףоǡϺܶīʩѹīһͷһĪս붼ÿ£
ʱȺ߳һˣ֮ǰճǾ¥꺺ӣһ۳īȻˮ˵ұ㲻
īһ䣬꺺ӣҪ£
꺺ӵ˵Ʋģ̫ˡֵˡˣ˴˰ɡ
īЦ֮ǰҪɱҵʱôûվ˵仰
꺺΢΢һЦΪû
ˮǱɫѿ£˵Լ˵һóĶڶ£
ϣֻʣһһ裬ȥʮͨĻ裬ǻУȴһ׼ʥҩ
ǻҪʣ˵ĳ𣬻棬װŵϡȲܹҲôȴֳҩ˵ʥҩ
ԭһֱأӲʾˡˮ·ӼʥܹлԵҩ⻨ջ֮ǰӣˮ⻨ûüóӾʧˡ
滹ţͷҪŪһ𼶵Ĵҩȥءȴû뵽ڵƣȴƵòó
ˮóʱ򣬳ī꺺ӵ۾ȫˣ


1163 ø
ī۾ˣΪݸϢ
裬ɸıڲռĵʣ
꺺ȻҲ⻨Ĳ̰֮ıԣȴ̲ס˵һأ
ʱˮһΪѵĿͯӰ
ǼͯӰģ
һʯͷ
ͯϣһ𣬾˵ѾǼʮǰˡǿʯͷͯģ˵һʯʱа棬ԡΪһǿ鱻֮Ϊʯʯͷ൱޴
ˮʶһΣͯӰôʯһŲ̫ǳǸʱͯӰֻһڵʿȫһ֮£ǿǳ㱻ˣ
ǳ淢˾춯ص𵴣Ȼܿķѣֱӱ飡
ʱˮ͵ǿʯˡݣſڸͯӰҪΪ洫֮ͯӰҲܽˡҲһֱͯӰС
ͯӰˮ΢΢һ漴ɫЩ԰סƽĶۣȻϣˮȥǿʯҲԸ⣡洫֮ͯҲЩ壬ͯҵڣҲʣôһˣ
վǲܼȡ
ͯӰȡˮĿ⣬վûܺ˵ͷ
ˮ϶ʱ¶ϲɫ
ʱ꺺ȴЩͷˣɫ΢΢һ䣬ˮˣĪϷˣң
ЩΧ۵ˣ˿ҲЩЩճеʿ꺺ӵЩһ
ָоīȻҲ۵ףжЩף꺺ӣһͨˣ
ʱ򣬳īȻ˵ˮҿԲɱ㣬ҲҪϾҲû
һ̣סˡ
꺺ӣīĿУҲñ
ˮ΢΢һ̧ͷīзŭҲ裬ϣʮָӡ
һ㻻֣ڶǻҡҿԱֻ֤ҪԺٶҳ֣ٱңҾ鷳ī˵
īĵڶǶٻ⣬ô˵һһ˵Ҳֵˡ֮ǰ˵һȴͯӰģī³ȥҲ⣬ΪһֱͯӰԳīûͼֹˮԳī
ī֪ͼúܶ˶䡣
ǰǸʲôΪʲôҪ˼Ҹ֣
Χ۵Щȫʾ޷⣬ɻĿųī
īûˣ˵Լ˱㣬סֻҪлᣬ;Ź㣡ûеһҪҵĴ·ء
ˮʱԥī˵û·硣·֮󣬾Զڼĳ׷ˡҪһݵĽ£ֻܼڳī½⡣
Ĳİ
Ϊ֣ͷһֻ̣Ҫīһ죬̾ͻԶ
ī֣صķڵһǸʲô˼ƾʲôҪҸְ
Сӣ뻵Һ£꺺俴ųīҾ¥ҳǳǼ£һûأ
ī΢΢һ꺺ӣǰ֮ǰ׿ڴӦ˭˭ХһսӮˡǰĪҪ
꺺Ŀųī˵Ǽ£˵ڣĪҪҵĺ£
īЦЦʿ֮˽˶ԹǰִǲҪŲ˰ɣ
ʱˮȻһתһ˵еΪˡ
죡ī꺺ͬʱһ
ˮӾȻ͵Ķһ£һŵĿųī꺺ӡΧ۵ЩˣҲȫһı顣
꺺ĿˮСҪҵɱˣ㻹ûʸ񣡡
īˮҺȻеıˣɣҲȥһ·ϵĵУͷұɱ㣡ī˵ţһͯӰͯС㣬ǸˣԭʡǼ
īδ䣬ˮͻȻ˵ҴӦҴӦīҴӦ
˵ţ³īһ㣬ֱӽӸīô˼֤֮£īʳԡ
īס裬һۣȻˮø
꺺Ŀ˳īۣȻûٶ˵ʲôֱתȥˡҲò뿴ϷЩʧ
һֱһĵĳ塢ˮҺǵˣȴǰ˿Ƕ꺺Ӿһͨʿһ䣺Ҿ¥ҳǳǼ¡Ҳ¶һʲô
ˮʱЩŭĿųīҪ̫ˣҵôˣ
֣һλҲˮԣɣȻ֮ǰϡī˵ţȴһóǻ˼ûУ
塢ˮͻҶ΢΢һǶ֪һī˽£ЩˡųīſƽжЩˡ
·ǿƥɨͬʿˣƷޣʵȴʹ
ˮĿĿųīȻһ췢һӽˮˮ
īһĵ㲻īˣûϵǺˮá˵ˣ뿪ˮôֲ
һԳܽԾ˶Ҫεĸо


1164 ī
īˮ޳ī
ҪˮԼԼһ֣ٻ˵ùȥѹĺˣһԼԼҲûʲôˡ
нУԼָĳƵҲڡ
ؼǳīˮģ
ôģ
ֱ˿Цã֪˵ʲôá
ȥˮɨһˡⱲ޷ѳīӰˡгһճīˣţҲͬҪȥ
ˮܴӴ˿ʼַͼǿ֪ܶ£һֽīܣȻ裬޷ϴˢ
ңûĿŵҳīˡ
ǡ̫ˣ
ЩճеʿûرĸоȺվҪ뿪·ġôžޣҲû̫ϵ
ЩʿīĿ⣬ȴʮָӡ
֮ǰ˵ЩˣЩһ콾Ҳδī
ڳЩˣڳīʱ򣬾ѾɾĴʿġҲɾʿ־磬ɽ硢ʿ˵ֱһĴڣ
ʱ˭īССķ߷ˣ·֮ǰȻܶ˶Ѿ˵ī֣Ȼûôϡ
һ½ƵʿϽ磬һж¿ʼΪǡ
ɽһ飬ֱӽ˶ˡ
԰ǰ񿨣ݽҿһ԰Դ޽ɾս۷˫˫ˣ̶ֵԷΪˮ棬ͬԷΪڵˮ󾳽£ȭˮ򱬡
ϢЩû˵һӦǡⲻܣ
ȷ̫ˣû⣬Ϊʲôһˣڸ˶Է󾳽£Ȼ䣿
̤·֮ÿ˶æȥѰԼĻԵīϢȻʱĴǵĶ䡣
īʦʦޱ̤·û죬ͻ˸ԼĴԵֱӴ޽ɾ߽׵硣Ȼ֪˾ʲôΣȻѾ̤뵽߽ˡ
ѾǺܶ궼ûзˡЩˣϲ˵жޱĽ
ī·Ͻƣһ·еճǣȻХִ콾Ӳˡ
ֱڣЩصһ콾ǲŻȻѣǸ֮ǰûôϵ½ߣѾԶԶߵǰͷȥ˦ھӰ¶Դˣ
ȺеʿһĬˮĳֻ˼Ҳʧ
ǸʵǲͻȻ֣ԭˮ̫ˡ̫̫ˡǸ½ˣǿ󵽱̬
һ
ȥǿԸӣȴֻӡ
ˮˣͯӰͷȻȥ׼ȷ˵ӦýīΪѾ֡
˫˫֪٣Ҳ֪պ󻹻᲻صˮߡ
ˣҲɢȥ
һЩݵλܸߵʿ塢ˮǺͻҵʶģ׷ǰкǵĿģϣܸīϹϵ
һǿߣδ㲻ܳΪѣôҲҪΪˡ
īҲûж˼ӣʵҲûж˹ӡڨˣ΢ЦӦܿ촫˳ȥ
ǿӱи㣡
ҵʱе̫ʢХִﶼӲҡӶЦŵͷůůģҷģһҪŬԳΪ
˲Ի͵ĳһˡ
ճеĴСƹ棬̸¡īճһ粨óĺá
ʱīѾһȺ뿪ճǣǰ·
塢ˮǡҼڳīߣŵǳҡˮҵļʮʿˮͳ׷ǡ
ǵļ壬ҲʿɢˣΪѾѡ׷īȻҲͲҪЩ˱һν·ģҲֹһ˵Ӧ·ͬҲɢˡ
ʵҺˮҽ·ˣÿҶ٣˶
ĳҺˮʿīĿⶼ֮ǰȫͬˮߵʿ֮ǰǿīʵЩ˳۵ġΪǸԼˮڲûٳܣͬռ˶ǸԼѾˡô֮ǸԼˮҵЩʿǲòˮ۹⡣
Ϊˮת̬ȶԳīȻʾʱ򣬳īû㡣
ҵЩʿīĿ⣬ο
ûֵãֻгīôһõܡЩʿҲȫһֱڳңյˡ仰˵Ƕǳҵļū
Щͬ˲ãЩ˵Укܶ˵ĳѾӵ˼ߵĵλǶԳҵҳϣȴδı䡣
ԣۿżڳһļ̳ˣǵǱ˭ĵġ
Ҳ˶ôˣˮ׷ߣĸߴ˶ӡ


1165 ˼
緶ңΪˮ׷ߵʱ򣬻˲ˡΪҲһܴļ壬ܴƹҵĸҲܶ࣬һǿ
ڷǵӣСչֳ൱츳ٶȷǳ죬һȱܹ̤СȻ˻һ࣬Ҳһ۲۵콾˭û뵽һˣȻѡ׷ˮ
ˮҵȷǿ󣬵ۺ񣬷ǷҿɱȡˮҲȷ㣬УƶɷȻϣԼҵӵȥ׷һע޷׷ɹŮˡ
Ϊ¶һȸַˡ󣬷Ҳûֹ׷ˮ
ʵ˶֪Ϊʲôѡ׷ˮͬҲ˲мЩûӰ쵽أСֱī֮ǰһֱԼл׷ˮġ
Ϊˮ̫Ҳ̫ˣ
˳ΪŮˣɽˮڷУעǲ̫ǵĶġХִˮȫϣ˭У
ȴԽˮ¥̨ȵ¡ţһ죬ɹлˮģ
ϧʱ򣬳īˡ
Ϊ׷ߣ֪ǷݻԼûзϡһ½ӣôŮһˮأ
Ȼ󣬳ī԰Ǳߵ鴫ˮԥŰ϶Գīʾӣɵˡ
Խȥ׷һŮˣĿʲôȴȫ˾ˮ£һƬ⣬ҲλӰ¶
Է棬ԳīԹޣпڱһųīԥĳ֣
˼Ȼߵˡ
֮ǰīԻ˵ҼҴˮŮӣвܲأǰǼ˵ӰȻһԳīǹɺ⡣
һ۲ܲأ㲻Ҫ¡
ҲǶ£˲ɣԼܲس಻Ưʺܸ߹һ˫ۣӲߣЩСġɨһ۷Ĵ˼ҶóôȻǿ˲˵Ǹӣǿ⼸׷ķϣȥƽ¡ǹ֣ƾӲ˵ʲôҲӻ㡣ΪŮˣҿóġ
ΣһҾǿ˳ۣ
Ǻǣ˼ʵûСܲ˵ȻĻֻҪһ仰ƾ͵뿪ߡ
ƾʲôЩĸ֮ǰҡ
ʱ˼Ҳ֪˭ܲص˵ΪѣϣЩе˼ú׷ˣԺǶиõĳ·
ܡü䣬һĨ
ҪȰ㻹ȥɡܲЩεĿŷ˵ƢӦö˺£κȥƻ
ɫԥһ£˵ҲߣҲŴ˻˾顣
ܲ̾˿㲻˼Ȼᡣ
Ļܲû˵ŷǶġ
ȷˣīĿ⣬Ȼߺޡ
īУȴûлͷ˵ˮǸӢ׷ߣȫûκвԼУīǲ⡣Ϊ棬ûҪȢˮ
ǻԼҸʵĻᣬ˾ǡʱһᲹˮˮҵġīš
Щ飬ע޷ǿġ¶䣬δû˵
ʱ˵֮ǰǸ꺺ЩԾ
ˮͷԳճĳǣûһճʾԣЩ˶Ҳƺܾηˣ˵ʧ֮󣬲̫Ƶᡣ
˵ҲôģѵҪС֣ܳüϴż˼֮ɫ૵˵Ӧðҵĺˣ·ϣٻЩӰġ
ҾЩ̫ԣǻǾճԶһΪáˮ˵
īһֱû˵ʲôʵϣ棬Ѿ֪Ǹ꺺ӵΣաΪһ߽׵һУ
ӼһΣѾϢ
һĴʧȻû̫ķӦⱾһ൱顣
ī棬ҲǺ¡
ڽɾ֮ѾԼԦչֳ
Ϊû磬ȫǸεĵȴǿѹȻڽսУĸչֵ쾡¡
Ҫǣƣڡûб֪
֮ǰХʱ򣬳ī׼ŵƣ󣬻ѡ˸ðյĶɽ١
Ϊ·֮ϣΣյģЩͬʿ·ϵܣ
һó̫磬֪ԼܣôҪܵʱ湦Ͳˡ
˼ֲɵ֪еķѵ


1166 ׷ͻ
Щ飬īû˵ڣΪ˶ӣϺ滹һһֱĻķԳīֻЦЦ˵·ϵʿʿ֮䣬һٻᷢҵĳͻΪ˭û̫ôȻ÷ǻҪ֮Сĵˡ
գƽжȹˮͳҲķһЩ裬ÿԼЩˣǸûа·ء
һ죬ǰٴγһǣǣڿУǽڴϵġǺܹϣ󡣳ʿҪճǱ˺ܶࡣ
˽֮󣬺ܿһЩϢ
鵤㣬ɹԼĴԵߵԼ·ľͷ۷壬ֱͻƵ˵۷塣˵ֻһ㣬ͻƵ쾳磬ȻЩźˣ㲢
īճĳ֮󣬾ȻҲɹĵõԼĻԵߵ·ͷ磬еˡ죡
Ϣʵ˲ˣܶĿࡣ
˵ī֮ǰˮΪ棬ˣĶ콾·ϻûԵ죬Ǿϲȴϡ
ī֮ˮܴ죬Ȼһ죬Ͳòˡ
ЦˮŶīҲ֪ܶˡ
ī̼İɡˮҲЦЦû̫⡣
ˮ֣˵쾳磬Ҳսīˣǳī·߳ȥ֮Ȼɾ硣˵ˮȥҳīһѩǰܣԼָĻ
ȻĻڳīԸͷӰûôʧġ
ܾûжĻ˫Ҳͻˣ
۷徳磬һĲΣò˵Ҳ൱ĳɼˣǷǳɹ
׺ҲͻˣͻƵ쾳磬֮ǰڳīش죬ĸһЩɾͣҲ൱ԡ׺ġ
Щ˵׷ǣҲͻơ
īʶͯӰֱͻƵ˵쾳磬֮ǰûϢ˫˫ҲϢ˵һؾ硣㣬˵ؾ硣
Щˣ˵ҲͻƵ˵磬ȻرߣҲʽ뵽ĴС
˵һ˺콾ǣ·ϣջԼҪĶ
Ҳвģ˵½ѩߵһ׷ߣûжɹ٣Ȼ½ѩ±סǰ;Ҳãɲ
·ûͻƵ磬ص磬͸ˣ
ȥ·ͻƵʿƺܶ࣬ʵĽ˿ڣ֪ĺܵ͡УһͻƵģѾһ˲ˡ
īǰǰʿѾԽԽˡ춼ѼһʿӰ
ʱˮīǽ·Ѿȥµʱ䣬īߵˣҲԽԽ١
ҺˮҵЩʿ󲿷ֶѾͣ˽ŲѰһԵ˳ɹʧܡãˮͳİ£û䡣ʧ˵ѾõĽˡҲ׷뿪·
µʱѾ֪·˶ԶѾ·߰ųǣ˲ʿϢ
½ѩͻƵ˵أ·֮ãع硣
ã̤죬˫˫뿪
벩˵ؾ磬һë嫺ͬؾ硣
мڶɽٵʱ򣬲СˣһЩıٴγ֣˵Ǳˣ˵Ǳߵ׷ݺˡ
ÿһ·ᷢһЩ飬ЩϢȻЩ꣬Ҳû̫෴Ӧ·
ǰС
ĸµʱˮͳߵ׷ǣҲ׷׿ʼɽ١
ԽԽΣգԵȷԽ࣬ؾҪȳ·ĵطŨطɽ٣õĺô൱޴ġ
ΣҲܶ࣬īЩѾ·ϵ鼤ս߰˳
˶ˣҲˡΣյһΣҲ٣Ҫǳīۼֿ죬¯ӹȥ滢ҵһҿܾˡ
˺ֻŵؾˣȻܵˡ
īЩźΪǸӦúܺóԵӡ˶Щ
ˮͳߵ׷ߣĶ˵쾳磬õһˮߵ׷߲ܲأȻֱͻƵ죡
ڳɹɽ֮󣬲ܲءλ½Ůۣˮÿ
һ׷ߵȥīһˣԽԽ٣ȻûֹǰĲ
ĸµʱųһ׷߳ɹɽ٣̤ؾȥˮ׷Ψһһûжɽٵˡʣλˡ
֮⣬һ˻ʣ³塢ˮҺǡ


1167 ·
īǸȥѰǷĻԵҲųˮһԼŨҵһȥѰǷݻԵ
ȫܲЩƵģһֱ뿪ˮ̫ԶҲӲȥѰԼĻԵ
ΪʵˮЩˣֲ˵ʲô
ĸʮʱ򣬳ī·ϣһЩˡ
ƽ
ǸŴֲû׷ߵˡ
ŰƵĴ󵶣һ·ϵսȴʱܻ䡣
Ϊ·ϵܣһؾĴУ
˫սʱӦѾܳˣһЩɽûˡ
ƽҲ˺صˣѪȾֲЩط¶ɭȻ׹ǡȴȻ˿û˼սޱ͡
īȺ˵ĳ֣쾳ʿЩ裬ǿīȻһԴù졣
һѹƽĹһ߳˵£Զһ㣡
㲻˵īԹۣ⻰һīӲƽĸйۻǲġ
Ҳ˵ֱӾͳˣ߱һݺᡣ
⼸īĽǳ죬һѾɺڲΡһ֣ǱߵˮͳҲ׷׳ˡ
쾳Ĵܵŭգһ˳īһߡǶ𣿡
·ͷ򣬶ϢǺ˽⣬֪īճǵһ쾳Ĵܣͷ­ն¹䣬϶ʮ㡣
һȺɾ߰ˣ༸Ҳ޷ʱ򡭡ջ
߿Ҳ軵īԴһ·ߵûĵطһĵʿһ仰˵
үʲôϵ
¡¡
ˮһصĴܣֱֲӽƬնŤ
¶֮ɫ벻һɣȻӵ˿µȻûие衣ֻһһ
ؾɿɱȣ׾ٵĻˮһ
û뵽ǣǱߣһһ⣡
ɱС⣡
ЩһֱһսѾγĬ
ûҵĻ˵˳ʽĹһһһһӿ
һһǵɢ貶ĿĹâʮƮȴޱȣ
ȣֱӴһҲһǵ
Ȼֱ飬ϣȴһѪۡ
Ǹŭһ
໺
һХ
ҵĹӱϮ
ֱӻΪ˱壬ݺһƣܵĺ󱳡ֻ޴Ļצ棬¶ļצ
һֻСϻɳԣţնɱҡ
ʱǵĹҲˡ
µĥǱȵ̫ĽһսˮĿ࿴ľء
󣬷ĹҲڶ
ʱô޳īҲֳܱΪļƻûʱ
˵ͻȻ֣ؾĴһЩæ֮ǰصƽһɫȻģȴ¶һ˿ж
īոֻնȥһǽĺŽǣ漴ͣˣûмһؾʿҲ
Ҫ֪ī뷨һѪ
˵ƽīͷȡһƿҩӸˡ
ƽҲûͷȻƿҩûκԥȡ¡ţ¶֮ɫǡƷʵ˵
īЦЦС˼
ƽһ۳īûٶ˵ʲôʼ˹Ϣ
Ǳ۷ʿΧ֮ŷ֣Ⱥ˾ȻԤϵǿ󣬾ȻŵĸоɵдΪŭ俴ǸϹſͷˣȻڸһ˻иŭ죬ǽ˭뿪
˵ţһ˲γɡ
áҪܣ
īɫʱһü¶һɱΪЩԤ֮⣬Լɣû¾ȻҪܣ
ī̧־һһֱնԴ
һȫڳīԼһ̺޾ɱ
߱ˣҪ֮Ѫ
ɾʱǱߵķġȻ˳īһĽ·档
ǳīһնȥȻܽؾʿɷҲⲻҪһˡ
īâһȻͣ˼жȥеĿŷ
ʲôˮŭ
ĴУһҪӣֻʱ䣬㹻ˡԣؾʿ˲ʧУֻһĲкۡ
ʱµĵԲ𡭡ˣң赲ߣ˭ӡˡ


1168 
ı鿴ȥίƺĲ֪īһûһȥޱֿ
ˮĿŷŭҲżΡô˵ѾΪ׷ЩͷһֱĹδй档ŷίĿ⣬ˮһ̣ЩɣĻ⡣
ոһ£̫ˣ
ǷֱӳڳīһĹ·ϣʿ϶ͱīһˣ
˵ɣƺ̫ܣȲ˵˫һӪģ㷶ʲôҲԼעΪīһǲջȥҲҪһ鱻նɱ˵ģҲЩ˵ȥΪִʵ̫ͼˣ
һûжսˣҲӦʱ򣬳Ǹλ
ǱߴϢƽ˸ȻһֱڻָƣʵҲûзߵĹעԣû˱Щ飬û취Ȼ˵ڡƽֱӴīǸз㣡ո㶯֮ǰ͸Ǹ֮йͨȻεĺܺã֮ڴȻһȥ˲䣬ǡôĿǸλϣڶ㲻һˡǸ쵰ߵĻᡣҪСģǸзˣ⣡
īӦһ֪ˡ
󣬳īˮ˵ˣ˵ʲôҲûˡǸϿ߰ɣȻǸ˰֣ǾΣˡ
ī˵ⷬʱǿƥʶһֱŷ
īʶԶĿǰڵľ磬Ѿ˵ԣʶ޴Ӳī֣˵ⷬʱ򣬷Ӧľ񲨶Щ쳣
īɫų壺أ
Ҳʲôû˵ͷȻһᣬǸϿ߰ɡ˵ţ忴һƽѣû°ɣ
ƽʱվЦŵлλȣû£ˣ
ǺãǸϿ߰ɡ˵ţҲûж࿴һۡ
ҺǣȻżַŭ֮ɫҲûж˵ʲô
ΨˮһΣȻҲһЩʲôȴҲԸš˿̣棬ȴܵġ
һ漴뿪·ǰ
һ죬ûκζ·Ȼ˼Ƚǿ·飬˺֮£Ҳоնɹ
սУֵ÷ǳԾȻû˵ȴһڽĸо
˿ȥƺҲǼ顣ƽƻָһЩ֮Ҳûٵ뿪ĿͬҲǽ뵽·Щһ𣬻ӰȫһЩ
ϣͣһƬԭϣһס¡
ÿ˵ĴָУ񣬱˴˼ԶҲ̫ʲô飬ڵһʱӦֲӰ˴ľ롣
Լɫ䣬ɢԹŭϢ
ǴӴָУȡһϵķⷨһԲ̣ŸӵĻơһѺۣᴩı档
һеȱĹϷһȻȱȴȻ
Ħйâ˸ԥʲôգһҧ˾ֱӽעϵķ伤
һӾɢ͵ĹâγһϣΧ档
һʶĹϷȻбôʶȴŵԴ͸ȱʱķȫε̽飡
⣬ҲѾˣ
ϳγ֮󣬷˿Ĵ˼
澲ĵģûһ
ڿԷˣҴĹϷǺõġ
Բҵģ㻹ȥҾ顣ģԺһõģǳҪ֣ǾƴһҲỤ
ĦϵķʶҪģһĿռ䷨ֱӴ㣬ƿգԶԶ˵ءȻϣԶõ
˵ţһĨ֮ɫīֵӵʲôʸӽҵ㲻ã̳죬Ҿͻ㳹׵޾Ԩϲкܶǿķ㲻ǺǮ𣿰͸Щ·ϵĴУţһϲ
˵ţֱ̯ƣۿĴͣһʶ
ǰǸ쾳һʶԷ֪ĽʶһĿľΪ˫ܹʱϵ
ȡ˴ʯȻǵʶСĵȥ
ţ˴ʯǱߡܿ촫һϣ¶ּͽ֮ɫʶģ̧ͷһſڵķ
̧ͷһ˲䣬ɫ˲òҰףһ˿Ѫɫ
ˣһ


1169 ޾˭
ʱǱӴʯǱ𣺡СӣҪǸǽгī԰ɣǿǸ˲õող֪ģȻ޾ҪɱˣԷһٸģԳŵ㣬û˸ǸˮСѾͷˣΪǳīһ޾Ҫɱˣûܹ⣡ˣϽķλǿң
촽ţ۾ķһҲˣָޱȽӲҪǼϷĶݷȫˣ
ʯǱߣƺʶһЩʲôЩСӣĪϷˣҸ㣬ҪǸϷˣһʬΣ˱һΣǳī̫ҪˡϽġ
һʶģʯͨѶжˡȻЩɬ˵¡ص𣿡
棬Ȼ
Цһ£ȻȻ伤ǼϷϵĶݷλá
һݷܹ˲˺գԶǧңⷨ洢ʹʮΣȻвȱ٣ҲʹĴΡ
Ѿ㹻˶˦ˣ
ģ
϶ǲġ
ûܽǳīֱ̫ˡ
ûа취ڶ֪ԷôʶܹϷϣǸ֮ĶԻ
ȷû֤ݱԷˣȴûκεĽԷȻȫ棬˵˼Ѿʶıʱ֤ʲôġѾҪˡ
ˮҲʱΪ˵
ΪľٶҪˡȫˮ
ΪԼףһֻ֣·һ
˼άٶȣǿ쵽˼ġȶҪǧ򱶡
Է˲뵽˺ܶ飬вʣҲл⣬ڣû취ͷˡ
ϵĶݷ󣬷˲俪ֱ˺գЮŷ壬Ҫ뿪
ϣ
Уһ
һϮ
ֻоü΢΢һʹȻһ
һǰӦϣվġ
䣡
Ǽϵķ˲䱬飬Ȼ߱һӲĸˣ
ǹϢӿһˣ˲ҰԲϰķΧ֮ڣͥɨѨһ㣬ƽ
ȱڴϱ飬ֲ˹
ڹϷһ˲䣬īѾ¯˶
ȵǹȥ֮󣬳ī¯ջأȻۿѾ߱һΪķϣöʯ£Ȼͷɫ԰׵ˮ¶һźı飺Ǹ
Ӧ˵ǸҡˮȦ΢죬żʩ񣺡̫ͰѴҶϽٲУԲҵΣ
߹ᱧˮԼ˺ˣûˣȥˡҲΪѹѴ̡Ȼ˹ʿҪݺ˵ľŶˣ㣬ʵģû뺦㡣
˵ˡˮЩʵĵ֮ҶԲˡ
ƽһ˵ոǱߵ˼ƺͶϳֵˣ
Դӱī־£ƽѾѳīֵܡ˶Թ˵ҪԳīеǳŭ
ˮҲȫعʱ΢΢ü૵޾򡭡֣ôеأ
ˮɫʱȴЩѿ˵֪޾˭ˣ·֮
ʲôȫ̲סһ
Ƕһ˼ı˵ܰɣ·֮ʲôݣΪʲôҪԹӳ֣
һгȻ֮ɫ·֮ҪԳīֵĻҽϽ뿪·ʲôԵʲôЩ飬ʵ磬Ҳһ޷ǶѵʱˡīֲȱǮüƷ쾧ʯѣҲѳһˣ
ûģҲ飬ߡһȻ˵˵·ϻԵ࣬磬Ҳһԣڴۣ棬ǹЩҲû߹·Ȼڶ콾ĳƺš
ƽҲͬͬī뿪ģųī˵ԥˣǸ˵ĻӦòǼٵġϽ취뿪·
ˮųī˵£ӦԴճǣ
īһֱüͷ˵ķӦˮƶϣͬģҲ˵ŪЩãȻǰˣ̲סʵ޾˭ʲô·֮
īĿ仰֮󣬼˵ϣȫ¶ı顣ֶȻˣϾīǴСġ·֮ǰҲû˸̫·顣
̵û˵´ˡҲû˵
ˮ̾˿ųī޾򣬱Ϊ·֮·ϣǿʿ˵һΪѾﵽ׼ĲΣ


1170 ûκλ᣿
īˣҲ̲ס˰ΣͷһƬ䡣
׼
ֻѾУȫԽ˵ܵĴڣ
ִڣ˵ǳīˣκһĴУǰᱻѹƵȫ޷ֵĳ̶ȡѹ˵ķӦ˾ɥһȰϽ뿪·
һ૵ִڣ˵ܶһ֣Ϊʲô
ˮʱҲ侲룬˵ִڣһ֣֣Щ˵ȥ棬һʲôǲ֪顣
ҿһѾȥķȻֹһ䣺Ҫһǻ淢ֲ£ܿܲ׵ĴѾµС
ˮɫУż˸Уȴܼ˵īһĺã
ǵһ˲䣬ܾˣʱΪһ޴鷳Ϊ˽̫ˡ
˶ͷʱ򣬳Ȼ˵īǲĳŤʱյͨ
ˮȻ̧ͷһˣ
ȫˮˮ˵һģ·ϵˣҪȥҪ뿪·磡
ˮһ˵·Ϊǳ֮·ʮǰһǨ֮عı䣬·ͬҲܵѹơ޾ִҲûа취·ͻƵ𾳽硣ЩǣǲԶ·ϡҪȥ
ƽ˵·ϵʿޱȼЩʿΪǿԽԳȥ
˵·¾ʿ˵һıأֻҪܹܹ뿪Ȼдɶ·ϵʿ˵ط졣
ˮͷճīХ֮ս߿ս˵ţһ۳īǿͷ­ʩչһŤʱͿռ˵īϣӦĳⷽͨ
˵һоѾúˡ
ʱ򣬳īŵǿͷ­ҲǱ߿ڣЦȺ˲ã飬ͨ˿³
ô˵ǲµ忴ű߿ͷ­ʵ
߿˵ճǵǸ꺺ӣҪˮ׵Ǹˣ֣أʵݣʵճǵĳңһԺյݣ·֮޾õܣ
ȫסһ˳ĵð
ֲճǵЩˣ꺺˾ηԭȻݡ˵
߿˵үսʱ򣬵ȷչֳŤʱյͨͨһʿ߾ʿһۿ䱾ʡ޾õͨпֱ˺·ϵϣȻ·ȻֻҪͨ·ϡôԺ뿪·ˣһԽԽࡣʿ·Ϊ·ܹĺô
߿Щ䣺ɶ·ʿ˵ǵп޾ǿգһҲֻޱߵ·档³ΪʿҲȻ޷ԼͽһݡҲֻ뿪·£ܴ޾򡣡
߿ϿҵĽ˵үұܣķڷЩҲһ൱콾һȰ棬֪ҪҪ
ī˵˵
ҿͨ޾ʵ޾ˣǸգʮĻˡô˵ɣүͨܲ뿪·޾ƷһһĻԵҲΪү·֮бݻʵһ׮ס˳үô죬Ҳ뷨ˣȥ·ͷ޾ĵ̡߿ⷬ˵ĺܳϿңһαɷ֡
ڳī֣֮˵Ҳ϶ǲ˵ƭīġԣⷬ˵֮ȫ˳ĬС˼Ŀԡ
Ȼīûô棬ûô֪˽磬СĻȻ㲻϶թںȴ̫ƭ뱳ѣԵ̰īԶЩʿǸޱ̵֪
ϣģ
߱컹ǻ¯Ƕһ
Ǹ޾߿˵Ǹգղǰ׳գҲṵ̂û˽
ŵľԣīܴܲȻԣ
Ϊŵŵƣǵƽ̣
ľ˶Ȩ档
ǣ޾һڵľԣ͵ǳΪ˵ŵˣһֲĴڣĽһʦҲ˵ʱһ޾Ҫϵļǲ
ԣԱ߿飬īÿɷһˣȻ˵ǶãӦͻƾ磬Ȼ뿪·ô
ˢˢĵͷ忴ųī˵֪ʲôһ׼𾳽Ĵڣûκλᡣ


1171 
ˮ̾Ϣǰ˵׼𣬾һ۷徳ĵǶ޷Ӧԡ
̾˿û˵
ƽȴųīֵȥ㡣
Ҳ˵ǹӵ׷ߣȥģұȥĶ
ˮȫ̾˿ЩεЦ
ʱƽ˵ʵм飬Ҿˡ顭Ҳδôء
ûĵһ׼𾳽Ĵڸˣʲôأ
ڳīı߿ͷ­Ҳ̲ס̾˿˵׼޷ҪҵһˣδҪ˰
īʱ򣬺Ȼ˵һ䣺׼𼶱𣿡
߿΢΢һ漴˵ңһٿʼ֮ǰֱѹ
ءī˵
߿β˵ҲһָԤɽ٣߳ŭ֮£ʲô鶼Ϊ档
һôһ˵
߿˵ֲǰ׳գǳױŭ֮£ʲôٶѵ֪ô
𿴾ʣһԴ߿ηģҲֻгīһ˰ˡУһȺûĺӡΨīȥƺҲܴһˣʵϣʱȴĺ
ոɱ͸ɴ䣬ûаԥûˮһĻᣡ
ɳһ˲õĴڡ߿ʵ˳īŲóīɳԣƭīͨ޾
ʱ޾ӣһȰͷ­ҪȥΪΪ޾Ǹ̵ܻˡͷٸ޾īϵһЩܣǰѵֻ¯ȫǳԽ
Ļ޾˵Ĳ޾϶
ôʱˣ߿Ҳ˽˳īӣ϶ӦԼʱ򣬱޾ѹ޿ɱˡ
ϧīϵͲ޾档
ñ߿ƣھʣͷ­򲻴һ治ʲôīʱԴ׻ɢԣҲ̫ȥòīе񾭡
īĵǰȻŻҡǡˮԼƽ˵Ѿ·ˣ뾡ͷҲûжңԶˡͻƣӦҲԵõ
˶ʱ˿Ϊīͨˡͻƾͻưɣܱȱ޾ǿ
û뵽īһתҪͻƺˡһ룬ȥ
УˮͳŮͬȻ໥һۡ
˵̫Σˣ
ˮųīǻȡ
īҡҡͷİɣţҲµġ
ľˣΣҪȥһ·ľͷˮ濴ųīʵ
īͷ
Ǻã㡣ˮն˵
Ҳǡ˵
˵ӵģҾ͸ŵġ˵
ƽЦǷô飬Ǿȵģң
һεĿˣðɣǶһΣŻԻͣ˾ٲҲûʲô˵ġҪ·еʲôʧҲûҪسˡ
īˣûҪġ
ûҪ˵
īĬһ£һ߿Դ߿̲ס˸ֱۣ˹ȥ˵С˵һүҪǷŹ㣡
īʱһ˵·ϣһݻԵ
ȫ̲ס˸ۣ嶼ǳ鴤һ£ųīεĿЦװĵܵܣۻܸԵ˭ǷݻԵ𣿡
īЦЦһˡ
Ǹ˾жīûȥ˵˵ˣҲš
ʥˣ
ʥ·ϣһݻԵīûȥǷݻԵĴڡ
ΪɱλѪԵϵʥ˸£ڵܽۼɱ˽硣
öŵƣ·Ҳʶֻѩꡣ
īΪһɺϡ
ǻڵŵȺУ׻ƴġҪ˵Ÿûһϵīš
ʥ˵ֶΣô״ȵģ᲻֪·Σգ¹ùû᲻̵֪֪ΪʲôûѹԼǶ֪޾·֮Ĵڣǻ᲻֪
һеһУīã϶ɺܽ͵ͨġ
ΪǶòʲôΣգǸʥ˵ĳŵīоԵĵһλ׼вҲҪȥһ
ⲻäӣǲ֪ǳīţʥ˵ֶΣǸʲô·ܹ֮ʶƵģ
ԣ·߶ˡ
ī̬ȣҲȫˣֹˡ
ȻֹˣЩȫһͬľųīߣ


1172 ƵϢ
պ˽һƻֺĴǣǳǽǧɣһƬ޴ƽԭ棬Զȥһֻݷ൱ϣÿһǽש棬ɢŲɣϢ
˴˿̣ȫ·ʿĴ磬ȥѰ·ʿҲûʲôֱ𣬾ҡڵĽ˳ǣҲû˶࿴һۡ
߿ͷ­īֱӷӡˣӽָ档ʱñ߿ٻ顣
ȥѾȫκһʿˡ˶оЩȵĸоһּįһԶͬļį
˵֣·ϵʿеʿʵû̫ĲͬϻЩķչʵһн»ġԵҲûж𣬾ͬС졣
ƫƫģŽ·ˣ˵Уһֺܼįİĸо
վ磡
еһжһģǸǡҲһˡ
һҾ¥ƹݴջеֱ֣ӰԺӣȻǰľƹݡ
ʱǰĺƫߵĺϼҲ
ƹ˲Ǻܶ࣬ԼֻɵʡܰЩ˸ɴֱôн
ī˵Ľ룬Ҳû̫Ĺעֻ̧ͷһۣȥæԵˡ
л¶ڵЦݣкżˡ
ҿһۻƣƲˡ
ʶһ䣺λ͹ٵһ
ҲʶԼƺ˸󣬲Ӧܿ죬Цŵͷ󷽷ĵûһ
Ҳû̫⣬һǵ˶ˣϾ·һˡ
ƹݵĽһŵˣǶ࿴˳īЩ˼ۣҲûʲôľٶ
ȴǸ˳īһʾǸ
īɫ۽⿴һȴ΢΢һ
ȺˣķװǸıòīֱʩչ˰ٱԼòϢ·ϵʿûʲôֱ
·ϵЩʿˣҲǲʲôɡ
ϾīȺ˽·Ѿʱˣǵ츳ѧϰҪװһ·ϵʿѡ
⻰ӦʿҲ󣬱Ͼҽ·ʱһģʱҲһġ
ɳīȻǸ˵ľֹУоһϤĸо
ʿ
ֵطȻҲͬʿ
ˣҲǸıòģǵܸͬڲ֮£αװȴûκЧ
ȥ·ʿڲ֮£˲Ρ
ŮɫѪڡ
ɫѪɺڡ
īڿȷˣʿΪ·ϣȻҲѪǿʿǵѪȴʿѪȫͬ
ʿ֮ö֮ĳ·ĳУȻǵĿĻǸīһīܾЩԡ
ǵΪ
īһ뵽㣬ƽ۷徳ˣһ·Լ˵ȥ
ɲ۷徳ʿȻߵطˣܲ˸е֡
ʱʿվ˻ƽˣȻʩʩȻ˳ȥ
īһ漴ָ
ʱлƶ˲īҪһƣƷ·ϵĲ
Ǳߡ
īֱӼԦ
īļԦѾޱȴ죬߷׵׵ıĵڶ
־磬ܹӵһ߷ǲһ¡
һɺڽӽ۷ʿӵһߵؽӽ۷ķ̫˼ˣ
ܷѾﵽ־磬īȻ̫⣬طѾ޽ӽ·ľͷ˭֪޴ĹųĴڣ
Ȼӵнӽ۷ľ磬īҲֻܷӳҵսϾı𣬻ṳ̂뵽ǸеȥܹӳҵսѾһ൱˲õˡ
ϱĻīĸκһµĵսľѹϱǿսлὫԷܡ
ɾʿ޷һֲĴڸšһ·һƫƧСȥڼ仹ܾȻûлͷȴͷųʶ̽顣
ʶδӳīӹһ
һɫĽǰҿһۣȻ˽ȥ
īʱѾȫȷ˿϶⣡
Ȼ֪˵ݣʿֵطԼסһܲ顣·ϵὫˣǣʿ·ϵķʲô
˽֮ȫ˿ʱŮ˵ĲҿҪˣ
Ц̶³֮ǿ϶Ϊ߽׵ʱǻص磬˭ҸԣĺˣⱲûл뿪·ˣ޾ˣһ᳹׵ķӡ޾˴Ӧҵ飡֪˭֪йϵ·ϵ콾ˣ˶޷⡣ôˣ
īͷƤ͵һըޱȺ䣬ˡȻйأôˣ


1173 뱳
īɫ֮ĶԻȴѾ¶ɭޱȵĹâ
ѡ̰˽Щڰһ棬Զʧͨ˻Ǵ顣īȻϣ鷢Լϡοƶ˵Ųһ塣
Ĳе벻ͨôƣΪʲô飿Ůӵٴ
ʲô벻ͨЩˣСһ𳤴󣬸ֿҶĸ飬ֻҪϹ˶ܿȻҵ˵ҾϲīǺǣ̶ܸһҵؿͱӣ֪һжʹ𣿡ĲȻܵͣȴһЪ˹ζ
Ů̾ϢһҲǣôȷǺܹ֡飬Ҳǿ˵㲻ѾϵܵȥīʦʦôΪʲô˵ǻǳɹ̤˵磿˵ʱֳܴ󶯾
ʢǸһֱԼһԼӵбȼ˵ʵʵϣ˲ʮǧǵ鶼ãһĲ𣺡ǳȥ֮һΪ߽׵ʱлɱ˳īʦʦ
ô޳īŮ̾Ϣ˵涼ûгɣ
ҵȻûôܲңĲ˵
ŮӵżְԹ˵ףĻơ
̶ҲóԴ׼ʣǳ׷ˣҲٸκνˡһУ͵һĻˡΪҾڸ㣬Ҷƺ޸оҲŰ
ǵǣϾǴСһ𳤴˭˽˭Ů˵
̶İɣԺһúöġĲ˵
ϧǶɱˣҲǱģ㲻ѪȣŮӺȻЩ˵ÿΡμǻѪҡ¡
ⲻĴһ˵飬ʼգ㶼ûκιϵûгƣҲûбѡֻ̫ңӲ뵽еСԣʲôĲ˵ɱǵģ޾˵£˭ǴСеҪƣǺǡǺЦɾ綼ʿȻȥӲĴСһƨҪֺƣȴû뵽ԼҲܰɡ
īվ棬ڿУ⣬嶼̲סЩ
Ĳ֪˭ˡ
ֱ޳
ܰһ޳ܵ飬˵˹ûʡȻҪһеӺӣҲû˭ˡ
īУǷŭ£´ݾߣʧȥӪƵĻᣬھͽȥһһ
ʱŮӵ˵ڻôˣ
Ǻǣİɣ٣ɹץī֮ǰ϶û¡ҲǱӡΪѡĲһν˵
̿ŹĲı飬̲סЩڶȻţֱĹĲһͷβĶħԼΪԼбԭڶжϡƾȳ
ƻɱһüͷ
ΪԹĲϲͰøֽ֮ø顭Ҫأ
˵ڵĹĲѾһͷβĶħѾǸϲˡģڹĲƣȺ֮󣬾Ѿˡ
ڹĲЩźĸ˵ûܺīʦʦľ͸ˡ
ˣħ壬ȴеħӿ£
ʱ򣬹Ĳ̣񽥽Щ̶ҡҪ㣡
̵ϣ¶һĨ죬ңҲ㣬ɡڣں˼ң̲סǣһӡ
Ĳ˵ҪȥЩˣԺǵӣã뿴Ϊ߽׵صǾͳס˵鵤ûһݴأȻǶһЩӣһģһӴļ塣ʱҾǼ棬ǼĸЯ̶ֲھҪ㣡뵽ֳ棬Ҿ鲻Խ
Ĳѵϵʱ򣬲ʱ򰡡˵ȻˮĿŹĲֻҪص磬Ҿʲô㣬òã
˵񣬹Ĳ侲һЩеϨȻ뵽ʲô˵̶㻹ǲǵãովƹǼˣҾе㲻Ծ
ĳī⣬ɫƽû̫⡣
Ⱥ˶ΩΩФѧ·ϵԺֹʿĶȻڡΪͬࡱʿȻӦ
ʱ˵ûаǲǼʿô
Ҿе㲻ԾĲԽ˵ԽǾԼĿǶԵģͳ˴ʯҪ»㱨ȥһҪãĶĶˣͿī֮ǰ⹦ˣ
ȻܾһҪǲ´ˣ˼Ҿ·أĴĿУЩʧ֣
˵ҲеĲţתͷȻ̣ԡ̶ûǵ쳣ţǲǡ棬б뷨
Ĳ˵ţı̣У¶â


1174 ͼذ
ǿЦţԼ򶨣ŹĲ˵ĲҶѵˣôܻб뷨أ
Ĳһ̶̾˽һҶ㡭ͬҲ̫˽˰ǴСһ𳤴һһðգô꼸ûзֿһһ˼ôῴҡһ㶼ɱ㣬ġҪúõģǿˣҲˣǶˡңҲ뵽ԻͶʢʱȴûһΪҺȲʡ㣬ΪʲôΪʲôҪ
Ĳ¶ʹ֮ɫɫ̶ң㲻һֱΪʲôҪңѵѵĿУվȲôơҪң̶˵˵ѽ
Ĳ̲סһɵϢµıʾ˿ķã
̿ŹĲɫЩ԰ף㣬侲㣬鲻
ڻҪƭûʲô鲻Ĳһı̣Ȼ˵ҵĲЩҷֵ磬ı㺦ˡ̡Բˣ
Ĳ˵ţжһʵĶ̵Щ˴͸һȻ㲻ǶҲ¶ʹ֮ɫȴ޾һ̵ĸͱ˹ȥ
Ҫɱˣ
̵ľ籾ͲĲϴ˿˶ǳ׵Ĵסһ㣬ɵɵĿŹĲһԼ
ĵϣ¶һ˿ˮ˲们䣬૵ơԲûܾ㡣
Ĳ֣е֮ɫԣٲԥһݺݴ̵ĵ
Ҫһ׵ѣҲɱ
Ӵ˺ҹĲһֻеǣ
ž
һ죬Ȼⷿ
ĲоԼǱһɽײһǹɾ޴ϵĹͷˣ

һùĲֺ̿;
ͬʱҲ̡ĿǰڹâеˣһãȻı顣
ţӰɢޱµϢֱӽĲ˸ѹ
ĲѾûˣȥһֻ۾Ϲˣ
ʣֻ۾棬¶޾ľ֮ɫ׵׷ʲô
㡭˭Ĳͨһȥ򣬶ǶԷɢǹƣû취վ
īһץסĲͷȻһƳ˹ȥ
ž
ĲǰҲֱӱݽȥ
ģīϻֱӷʡ
Ĳ˶ˣĿųīҲ֪شֻʵ˭˭
ī½Ĳһ裬һֱֻ֣ӸڹĲͷĲ˵һˣ
꿽ʣ
ֱӴӶԷľʶгȡԼҪĶ
ֶΣΪпᣬҲ൱̣ڱʵ˵ζֱ
Ĳɫ˲ŤҪ˻ҽУȴֱӷӡסһ
ʣֻ۾һͻȥʱܻᱬ
һԵĿɿڴĿһĻȻһ־ĿųīӲţȴûκߵľٶ
ֻƬ̺󣬳īɿѾ̱һ̯ĹĲȻһ̣ƣ
㣬˭ʶʵ
֪ī˵벻ѣ
̵ͷȻȻˡ
īӹĲȡ´ָȻֱӱĨȥĲµľӡǣȡһͭСƣӸ̡
һʮСƱƣֱӽȥȻٽöҩУеᱻԵǽҩȷ¡ȻͿԴ뿪뿪֮ٻصī̼ŵҩͬʱҲݸ
ΪʲôҪңУ㵽ʲôˣЩŵĿųīţطȻһǿĴڰʾ֭Ҳ벻˭
ϻˣҪ뺦㣬ովͲ㣬ȥذɡī˵
ȻΪʲôԼȥƣȴҲף˼ЩѾ御ˡ
̵У¶һĨ֮ɫųīʩһ񣺡ллھȥͷٸл˵ţ̿һѾڵϻԹȥĹĲһֱʧڿС
īһ۹ĲεŨŨ
Ϊֱһ
ΪʲôԼȥǱߣһ棬Ϊһ̵̣һʶһκһ쳣ٶī˲佫ɱȻֱӴ͹ȥ
һ棬ųǺܿܰŴǿߣ߷¶һžѵĵơһ¶˲ǽĸжͻ뱻С
Σգô᲻ϧһдۣƾߡ
Ʋϧ׾


1175 ˭
߬öƣֽţСʱһĽŵüҪɤˣ뵽ҲǷˣȻһİ˵ĻһҪǺңһĺܲҡôֲһǿߣҪɱңҪ顣ֻҪôһҿܾѾĲɱˡ
뵽ĲǿŽŵĽƽаˣġȴǷŭ
ĲȻѾǷˣƣôͬ飬ͷȻҲҪɱɱɣҪȳƣӰ쵽
Եĳһ棬ڹĲֵ쾡¡˵ǶȻֲջ󣬰˵ǴСһ𳤴Ļֻʣһˡ
ԣΣ»ҲһҪƸȳţ̵һģȻ漣ƽ
Խ߽ģҲԽƽ
ſڵʱ̵һģѾ׻ָƽϣҲżư
ڵ̿һӢ·Ӹ磬ҡڵ
յſڣһֱֳĿһֹ̣
Ҳ໰ֱӽûУƽԼЩ˼顣
˿һеƣжһ˿ηһĵ֪ʹ٣ˡ
̰ڰ֣ҽȥǸˣлҪ˵
ǣϵı̵ĿУҲ˾η
ƣ޾ˣ
Ȼֻ͵ȼͭƵˣҲЩǵġ
뵽֮һҩֱӴ̵ϵ
ʿ΢΢һʹˣġδ䣬۷徳·ʿһֱӵ˵ϡ
΢΢һĵô
ûκԥһĶ㡣ûˣտҲ㣬ĵϣͬһˡ
󣬵뵽ĵ߲ʱڿͬԹȥơ̵¶ϲ֮ɫֱӽҩιƵĿС
һתѹ۾̣ЩãȻ漴¶ϲ֮ɫ̶ô㣿㣬뿪ﲻȫ
̲סᡣ
ʲôǽãǽãõѣ
֮󣬵һӦǡϽҳȥ
ǡߣ
һƵ֣оһҲûУֱӽϣ˵Ҿģ
ȲңǵǸ˵£ǶܲģϽߣƼ˵ûһ䣺㲻ǸĲһô
ΪҪ
Ľã˴˼ѾԿڱ˴˵
ϻһЩȱ㣬Ʒⷽ棬ȴֵÿ϶ġ
Ȼ֮ǰ̱ĲߣƵûԹޣοôϾ̻ĸĲߵһҲΪˣǹĲ̡
İɣдڰǡĲ׷ˣѾúˡõǴȻƣβգѸٵĳص֮ǰסĵط
һ·ߵƫƧС·ûб˲
ߣҲȷǴˡû뵽˸޾˵Ƥӵ¸¶·ϡû˸ôɣ
Ǵûƻᱻ˽ߡ
̻صǰסĵطīһ˲䣬̲סһ
ƴϱϣԳīܵҲʹ
īͷˡ˵ţֱơ
̵У¶־֮ɫЩεĿųī
īûֱӳ֣ʼƳϵĽơ
ƿǰڹâˣ΢΢üͷ֪İǿߵ˭Ϊʲô־
½Ƶˣһ߽׵ơûôױ򿪡
ڳīźܶ˴Լһʱ䣬ڽƵĽȫ⿪
һָɣǸīʩ񣺡лǰ֮
īڰ֣˵˵ز˾пԶݵķûУ
Ƶͷһ۳īַ
ǺãδãԼһˡסжī˵ţһֱʧյС
ƸպһīȴѾʧӰ٣һƵıͣȻĿ⣬½ƵĹĲһĨǿҵķߺޣšӡ
һ̣˵øô
̳Ĭһ£Ȼ󻺻˵ɱ˰ɣѾǵˣ㣬ǿһ̣Ѿǵˡ
ƻͷȻֱӳ֣Ĳɱڻ״̬¡
ûʲô˵ģҲûʲôҪ˵ģȥԱ˴˶һõĽụ̂ǲմѪȡ
ĲڻȥĶУǱ
Ƹ໥һۣȻͷǣ֣˶߷˲Զݡ
һ⣬Уȴں˭


1176 ų
޾յľȳƣóīҲһ鿴ȥ˳ʵϣȴҲͬΣķֻ˵Щ˶޾˵̫ˡҲû뵽īʱû뵽ī˹Ĳˡ
˵ܶʱЩϵˣ춨ɺϵУڤڤж⡣
ھƹеĳī΢΢һ٣Ȼ¶ЦݣǺȾơ
ʱȻбһŭȣ˭
һ춯ء

ˮͳ˶ʱ΢΢һ֪ʲô
ƹˣҲȫסʱ˵Ǿ˭Ա˳ŵĸȥ
ʱٴ𣺡ץ㡭ˣ
һ𣺡ڿʼǣκˣ뿪ǡ
ˮ˵ɫ΢΢һ䡣
īҡҡͷûµģûϵīţЩ˵ķӦҲĲôͷˣϣʱƺѾӳȥˡ
īû̫ģ֮ǰ֮Աܣʮа˾ǹĲиϵЩѡȻĻϵıӦӳȥˡ
鵤ȻСôûһ㱦
ԣЩν£ī֮صһ㶼ûоš
ǳīĵȾˣҶ
Ƭ֮󣬾мʿƿƹݵţĿ⣬ƹÿһˣĿдޱǿҵζ
ƹݵƹսսӭȥλˡ
ƹݣ֮ǰп˽һµʿʵ
ûпˡƹ˵
ǣոտ˴ȥǺʿʡ
ƹ룬һۻơһ߹˵ˣǸ䡣һָһ뿪ˡ
˳ʲôӣʿ׷ʡ
һ˵Ĵźͳࡣ
ʿ໥һۣΪ˵ȻŻʵߺû˸ųȥˣ˵ţɵĿھƹеÿһӹ
ûˡСĻش
ûˡΪ׵ĺʿͷȻתš
һʿȻ˵ֿɵ˽Ǽǵõһʱϱ
ƹ˵ͷС֪ˡ
żʿ뿪ƹЩ˲ǻһոصôҶЩ
һʿһͷˮĵǷʲô𣿡
ƹҡҡͷЦ֪ȥûз飬Ȼ˾ͺ
ǰλѾܶû¶ˣʲô龪ǣ˸̾
ʱһʿ˵޾һˡ
䣬ͱһߺݺݵһۣ˵
ʿЩĵʲô˵ģ޾Щ˼ãǲֵġ
ʿҡҡͷ㲻βһסܺԼˡ
ʿ˵ʲôһϣһߵ˵ĳ˵ģǽԣš
ʿƲƲ죬ȴûٶ˵ʲô
˴ӾƹȥǶҪ֪׷ʲô׼ȥ
ʱ߽ˣ߱ߵţͱˣҲ̫ˣں;Ƥӵ°˸ˣ
ǼߵʿԣҲˣ˻һʵֵܣʲô飿ôö˶˵ģͻȻŪ˽ţǶˣ
˵ʿһˣȻ˵˵һ˵ʹɱˣһʹһˣʧӰ١ȻڳеҪ˽ߡеЩʿȫΡ
һʿ˵˵йѺķˣ޾˵Ҫˡ
˻
ƹЩˣȫ̲סһ벻ôص¼ͱѣͱ찡
ֲú;λȫŭˣ޾Ҫķ˱˸ߡ¶޷жΰ
ˮ΢΢üܵĸоӦøոճȥйء
ʹˣ
ˣŶʿ
ѵǷǸīйϵˣ޾ҪǷƳīɣ
ò˵ˮ൱ߣҲͨһƶϳ˵Ϣ㲻С
ˣͬҲ˼
ƹеգһʱЩѾ޾˳Ϲϵɲǲ˵ˡ
ܿ죬ȥ
īˣʱҲѾԱ㣬ӾƹվصǾסԺ䵱С
صԼķīǽӡȻȡʯԥһ£伤Ƭ֮󣬴ʯдһǣ
Ǳߵˣû취Ӵʯľ񲨶жϳԷݣԵúܾȡ
ǰɣǰȫ𣿡īͳʵ


1177 Զ
Ǳߵֱ˭ʱЩô
īӦһ
Ǳ߳һӦǰȫˣҲܺãոոо˻ԵĽ٣Ѿʼ׼ͻˣڸͻ֮󣬾ӦֵˣΪҲӦ
ǾͺáīҲһ
̵Щֵֹģʶƣ
ʶɡ⣬īҲֱӷϣһģĻش
Ǳߵ̳Ĭһ£˵ʵ֪϶ʶģңܸоܹʲôҪҴ𣿡
ī̲סи̾Ǵ˰̴˿̿ѾЩµݣֻǲȷϰˡ
ûʲôǶౣؾͺáī˵
ǣҲأټˣ̼ѾԶ϶λˣ
·ĹųУ۷Ƥӵ³־ˣҪ˵ʶû˻š·ϣΪƳֵˣȺС飬Ҳʣ鵤õˡ
ǣ鵤õЩˣӦ綼Ѿ뿪·صȥˡ
ԣܹƣǸģҲֻʣôһ֮֡
̺ȻеĽƣ֮ǰǿīīԺ֮ʣֺϣīܸһû˸Ĳˡڣȥ֣һΡΨгīȻڣĬĬػơ
ػѾκŮΪ֮ˡ
ԣ鲻Խ˵䣺ټ
īĬһ£ûлӦֱӹص˴ʯ֪ǰȫҲͷˡ
ǱһƬȺɽУ̿еĴʯ¶һ˿ЦݡȻԶ
սۡ
ؾӿڣѾеʼ
һСĻԵ
̵ǣˮǿӸ磬áǿСڻĻԵأҲҸءôǻǷݣúûȥǵĸĸˣͷŮġġǡ
ˮȻ䣬Ůʹ֮ѧ˼ǿóˡ

īصʯ֮еĹâƽ
һű죬īһ̧֣Ŵ򿪡
ˮӰſڣһЦ𣿡
īͷɡ
ˮ֮ǶųīһЦȻ˵ʲô
û£׼һī˵
ˮͷȻ˵īм£˵
ţ˵īˮ
˵ﻰˮòŮƵ磬Կ֣ʤѩüԶɽݡκ˼ˣ̲ס࿴ۣĶ
ؼˮ̫ˣ̽˫Ư·ſһеı졣
һò˫ȫŮˡ
ŮӣȫģīȻҲ⣬ˮҲֻԳĬԡ
Ϊ֮ǰļҪھܾˮĸ˻ȥóīЩ޿κΡ
ͻȻЩͨˡˮʹëգǿġ
ī΢΢һˮ
ˮ˵ʵҽӱߣҾѾͨ˺ܶ飬ֻʱ򣬶ٻЩġ룬һֱ磬ҾͲΌ¡ܸһ˽㣬ôҲոս磬˸ڮٹʱҾͿվ˵ϣûл
ˮһ̾ȻЩеҲʱ⵹ִڡʩչ˼Ťת³ӡվ
īĬţû˵
ˮȻһЦ˵ûҪʱ㣬ûѵʱ㡣ñ߽ңҲѡһϱŮ˵ˡ
أī̧ͷǰ⻨òľɫŮӡ
ԣ׼ַʽȥϲ㡣ˮ¶һЦݣǲе⣿Ҫ
īڸոյһ˲䣬ΪˮҪˣжֲһַɡû뵽һתȻô¡
ˮϲˣҲ㣬Էġǵһеġˮ˵
ǺοأīЩΡ
֪ҶĵģˮЦܿЦǰɣҿܿɹһƷˡǶʿ˵ֱ֣ݳ޵Ķ
ûôī˵
Լжϡˮ˸ۣһ۳īΪϲ㣬ͻ˳˳㡣
īʱ
ˮ˵˽Ĺȥûзߵ磬ɽ磬㶼ĽΪǴһѵһ˲ûСһ㣬ȻĶˣȴֻ㡣
ˮųīԣԶԶ


1178 ·֮
ڷǳ˷ܣоԼ˷·Ǳһž޴ޱȵڱһ㣬Щκģһġ
ͶصĹ˶ſڵϣƨɸ߸ߵľšƣһ۷徳Ĵʿ˵Щ˼顣ڼʱ򣬻õֹˡƽǵҲûʸһ۷Ĵʿȥݡ
ȴûһ㲻죬֮¡
Ϊݵˣ˳֮Ϊ·֮
а취ܹ֪ĽһΣ޾ȥޱϲȲ䣬Ҳ飬ȴһޱȺϢϢųģǾһһһ֮䣬Ȼγɡ
ǵĴˣС˿Ƴֵҩʵʵش
ϳ㻹ʲô޾һ䡣
īӵһĪ죬Ӧǿġ˵
ʵҲҿ϶īܲأȰʺӿ۵īͷ˵
λ޾ҲҪҳī鷳˵ײ˵
֤ݣ޾ʵ
˵ϣ굤Գҩ¯ǵ¯൱죬˵ԭֻһСʦΪõҩ¯һ̤СΪġ˵
ã֪ˣȥɡ޾˰֡
һͷԸΪЧ
ɣͷȥҺ·ϵˡ޾˵꣬տڲԡ
ǧлȥˡܵõĽǼΪˡ
˵·֮Ѱҳī֮һʱҵ·ϵܣʾԼ֪ڳīһЩϢʱ㲢û̫뷨ֻڳīͷϺݺݲһţ侮ʯѡ
û뵽Ȼõ޾˵ټޱȵ˷ܣΪûеõκʵԵĺôʵϣ·ϲܹȫĵõԼĻԵȻصȥѾĺôˣ
ڿܹõĺôƺЩ
޾һ֮ϣʹ֮ȥҲһŹâС
ʵϣ޾Ѿܶûп˵ˣ䣬ֵſڵѾˡ⣬ΪѾݵһЩеģȴ̺Ŵ
ܹоǷ·һĻԵ
죬Ѿһǧ꣬һ׼˵ӵôԪѾһܲ˼ˡȻҩٶһҩܲã㲻á
Ҫ뿪·ȥһ硣
˵ͬӡˣط򶼷˸ı䣬û취ٳʿ޾򲢲顣
䣬ûķӡϿ飬ʵϣһͻף򡭡ͬҲмѭģ
˵ǳ׷ӡǷӡҲһĳȱ㣬˵㡣ֻҪҵȱ㣬һл̤𾳽磡
һ̣ط򶼽޷ٽӡסǲĺƾԾɣ
ǰᣬǵܹ뿪·
飬ǲƽġΪʲôܹȴȥ˵˱ö࣬Ҳܹ⡣
ǣЩˣȫɾµʿǽ뵽ѰһԵܹͻƵģ
·ʿ˵һԵ
ɶ·ϵʿ˵ƾʲô
ǵĶ˲ʺͷŭ޾ִڣжԹڡ
ܶǰ޾һλϵʱ޾򣬻ֻһɾʿ˶ͶʿĲޡ
ԣʿоͻ鲻Խӿһޱߵɱ⡣
Ǹϵ֣ȴԷѹǸϵȴ·ӵűȵҪµʵ
ϵѹȴûɱǸʱϵߣһֻѩꡣ
޾Ҳʶѩ꣬·ϵһ顣
ϵòŲģû˹涨·ϵû취뿪ʵϣʿ֮·ϵõԵ֮󣬻ᱻ뿪Ƕôһ£һַá
нʿһ˵ԽľߵģõĻԵҲԽȻż⣬ѭɡϵ˵ֻҪܹҵֹɣгһգʵһԴƱݣ뿪·ңѾԽɾ磬ȴȻԽ뵽ʵҲ뿴׻ƴһ֮·ױʲôӡ
ϵĻ޾ޱ𾪣ͬʱҲϣϵȥ֮ϵܾˡ
ҲҲһֻ뿴ԣҲƻ͸ıطκεĹءгһգܹܹıʱռͨˣǿԸ˼һ¡ϵ˵Щ˾ʧˡǴûгֹ
ֻѩļ޾֪ϵһĴߣ
޾棬ҲӴ˼סϵǾ仰еһ롪ܹıʱͿռͨˣԸıҵˣ
ȴǾ仰ǿԸ˼һ¡


1179 ֱǰ
ͺܽ޾ǸʱѾԶ仰˽ʱգ͸ˣ
ϵáַ̡ʽˡ˰ɣ·ϣߣûʸ̡
ԣǸճõ˵ıʱͿռͨһ̣޾ѾΣҪͨõȻ󣬳·Ҫ·֮޾Ҫģ֮
׻ƴ
һڵ˶ѣ˲ɣ
޾Ѿɳ£˶ɽٵһֳīټ̵ʱϵ
׼軳ɡ֮ңҲһͷˡ
ժǳժǳ޾ܶǰѾӵˡ

û뵽ԼĻԵô죬Ҳôʱһľ磬ͻƾˮɵһˡ
Уаӳڻ
һ̣ƾѾףݻԵĻԵ
֮ǰīʦɽٵʱгʮӳ񣬵ƲĽҲûмʡΪһ𡭡Ҳ˼ҵĻԵ
޹ء
ڲܵĽٵУʼձɵ̬Ӧԡ
ųǣӮһǧ֮ңǷУѾ˺ܶǳôԶˡ
ƾãطӦǰȫˡ
ڶɽٵĹУǸӦԶڿ̽
ʿڶɽٵʱȻĿ飬һ̣ҲǿġԣƲûкرȥעʲôѾڹ۲
ûлңţɽٵĹУʲôˣе׵ɧš
Ͻٵеĺһܳܵġ
ƺܵ
ԶͬܵΪûע
ǧ⣬УվһģģӰ
ӰϸϸĿƣãһŮޣҪҵģȴһӡԣע˸ӳ츳ܾ˰δɾͣӦܳԽˡҲǻЩ𣬴Ӳ·ʿĽչ¶ΡԴģջ𡣲Ҳգ
Ӱ˵ţһֱʧС
֪һŮʿڽûеõƵϢڸ޾֮ͨ󣬵ʶԵʱ򣬾̣Ѿɽϣ뿪·
ڲ
ͻ˵֮ؼĹӵ룬Ȼǰλӳ񣬽뵽嵱УԿĵ̨֮ϡδλԵ򣬶ʱ޿̵Ӱơ
⡭ʵҲһִУ
һ綥ʿЯ
䣡
ɵ˵ǵ
δֹͣеڷ
䣡
׳忪̤˵ؾ硣
ڷ⣬е۵һ̶֮תΪʵһ̡
¡¡
еĹâҫۣ˵ؾ硣
Զڿţϳϲ֮ɫΪƸеġ
ŵģѾ߼ˣ
鵤õľ͵ҷ봺ҲһĴУƾȻѾͻƵˣӣƺ
ͻưСΪƴ
ÿһ·Ŀζһ½ĵ־µһǿߵ
Ѿмˣûгֹʢ
ǼΪԻ͵һ֮ǰЩˣĵù֮⣬ΪĴ
̲ס˵һ䡣
ڻӦĹľǱƵϣٴαޱ貵ĹâǹâĿһ̫
ӳƬأ
䣡
Ƶľ磬ֱ죡
̫ˣ̼ˮ̲ס£̫ˣ
һ·죬̫ĿĥѺʹߵ˴ʧһҹ֮õѻ˴ĻԵ̲סᡣ
Ƶľ磬һ˵ڣǹâڿʼ
ؼľҲ˻ȥ
һӣٻ⣬ǰ
૵ЦӦøǸ˿Ŷѽ
ţ̶˵ʲô̻ع¶һĵЦݣСƣϲΪŮۣ
ƵͷȻ˵ˣ̶Ϊ㻤ùϲңһҲŮۣ
ĵͷ¶һõЦݣһġѾܹоڼ¶ܹӦǿӸ硢СڿңСƣǻǵǷݣúõĻȥģ𣿡
ƵˮһӾ͵ſ̣ԣ
̵ΣȽȽȻһ磬ңԶա
Уۣɫݺᡣ
޾Ĳ֮ϣһӳ񡭡ڳ֣
΢΢һ漴¶޴ľϲ
ӳ
벻̵ͻƾȻҲӳĳ֣ѵǵĻԵ𣿻˵ǿӡСڤڤеİ
뵽ЩȥѣƵĺʹԶӯӯǸŮӣƵУֳ˶δϣ
ֻҪţҪǰֱǰƵƵףΨͽˡ
ǣǣ


1180 
ͻƵ˵쾳磬Լûϵ˴ž޴ľϲصƵԣϻµ˺ۣϣȴҸЦݡ
磬һЩͻƵľ磬ƺߣЩ·ϻõջĲˣ
ڹȥ˲ܴﵽľ簡
죬̣һڹȥԶܸᲢ۵ʿȻҲﵽ־硣
СƣҡҲΪŮˣҡҺÿģ̫ˣлл㣬ллī̼֮£Щڲԣ˵Ǹ֡
ƵɫЩɵĿ̶̣㣿
һ£漴һЦСƣã·Ǹ֮⣬˭᲻һеľ㣿
ƶʱĿ̣˵ǸˡǸǿȫǳˣǳīȷ
֮ǰȷ֮ǰȫ֪Ϊ󣬳īĵ̻ֵزһĿ˵ڣĿȷǸˣǳī
ΪʲôƱʾЩ޷ˣĿ̡
Ϊѽ㣬֪ʲôʱ͵һƾȻôʯҵҡ˵ţԼҲЩЦǸһƺЩŰ壬Цһû뵽ȻС˼ءڹ㣬ϵңôˡ
ƴĿ̣ʲôʱ飿
͸ոɽʱ򰡡˵ʼҲû˵Լ˭Ҹ³ˡҸ˵ټȻһûʲôҪ˵
ǣô˵Ƶ¶ֽ֮ɫ
ѽŮѽҪѽ㣡̴Ȥ˵ƽɫǸæ˵û˵ֻ̫࣬˵㱣ء
Ƶϣ¶һĨʧʵǣ˵ټô˵
ûشңֱӹص˴ʯҿȷ϶ЦеĿƣİɣһܿܿġ
Ƶż֮ɫ޾Ǹ׼𾳽ĴУʲôȥִڰ
ͱˣȻŵƶǰˣ˵һбֶΡ˵ģǸˣϸ룬ڵľʲô𣿡ʵ
΢΢˫ۣһ£ȻҡҡͷڵңȻ
ǲ㻹ʲô֣ƹŮ۵ǲһ
Ѿͷһ䣬еҲ˲١
˵а취
ʱһɿռķֹ
Щ˸е˵ҪˣҪ뿪طˣԺ󡭡Ҳܻصˡ
Ƶ֣ţǵδһõġ
ƵӰڽ䵭һġʧƬա·ߵ˾ͷ
ң̳ƵĲӰ˰֣Ȼվɽۣ֮ĿԶ·ͷķīŻҵŽأ
˵䣬̵ӰҲʼ䵭
ʱһӰһ磬߼ٷ
̵һĨ֮ɫţϣٶ¶ЦݣЩƤĳǵӰ˻֡
ټˣ·ټˣһУټˣܺû
䣡
һǿƥĹݺݺ
ʱ̵ӰѾʧֻʣһӰһɺ嫵١
֮ǰվɽ壬˲仯촷ۡ
ֲһ˷ȥ
ֻ䣬ԲʮһУʧ
֮ϣһŭСˣƭҺÿ࣡
֮ǰߵֻǴ˿̣ϵ٣˵϶ɢһɿֲҪƬһ㡣
Ϊ·ʿеٮٮߣԺƢƣҲȽԸȫˡ·ʿЩߣһͬʡٻȥ˼ҵĵС
²ȱ£ҲڸԼ۶û˻ô
ΡĲһ
Ů޵еһȻ޾˵ҪģȻīֱӹϵ
ī˭пܹϵǷܹ뿪·Ĺؼ
ܱƵ޾Ĵвеĵֶζʹˣ
ŮޣܹвīĹؼ
Ů޵ҪԣȻȫ֪£Ů޴ݶɽ٣Ȼһĵʧ·ϡ
ǸСȻ˼ӻ֣ʲô¶
߽׵˵ʧˣôзŮ޵ΪֱﲻⰡ
߽׵Ĵ̣һ˼ʮɽӣҲûؿڶйȥøӶµûš
ֻܺ޺޵תȥ


1181 ʶ
ųеźأЩͨ·ʿУҲһֽ֮ɫЩ첻ǿʿѰң˵Ӱ
ʿཫǸߡ
˵޾ѾƵˣУδȥ
޾Щ¸еɥǣƾѰңǸ˾˼һ㣬ʮֳ׵ʧǵߵСЩ쾭ǵķŲ飬ȻûзֿԵĿꡣ
ܹ׾ٵѹɾʹˣһĴܡЩĴѰ˼Ŀ˵Ǹεʿϡ
һīЩˣʱǰȫġ
ǻͷĿɾʿϵʱ򣬻ı仯Ͳ˵ˡ
ջС
忴ųī˵Щ죬Ѿ̲ĴΣҿȥ¶š
īͷʵϣ⼸ܹкܴɷ档ΣĻᱻ˲쳣
ϾǶʿ硣
Щջ˵̫ԵˣΪץסһˣֱӷһǡ
˵ִ˵飬֣һŭ֮»ǣɱеʿҲûʲôֵġ
ˮͷ˵ǰ飬ȷôʡ
ǳ壬ûۼ۽ҲǼߡеţ˽Ҫһ˶̫ࡣһ׼˵һҪѰһ˵Ļô϶ǲϧκδ۵ġ
ʱˮͻȻüͷ΢΢һ壬¶ֹı飬ȻЦôҡҸоƺҪͻˣ
һ㶣漴ȫһ
·ͷûԵⱾһĺ£ڡȴһҪ顣
Щ֪롣ڱҪȥͲܣѡǶɽٵĻôʲô˵ˣֱӾͻᱻʶơֱһյ貹Եƣ
ˮһ˵ϡмӵķ
Եûʱǿ󲻵ãǻԵˣҲܾˣ
ˮ֣ĴʿǷݻԵһͬŭ˰ӿԽԽǿҡǿѹŲ϶ɽ٣ɢϢҲԻ˹ע
ҡҡͷѾЩ޵϶ķҪӳȥ̸ף
ˮɫЩ԰ףܲǡ
忴˵ʲôһģȻҪͬˡ
īĬһ£Ȼ˵ߣҴȥ
㣿ȫסųī
ƽ̲ס˵嶯뻹û취
īҡҡͷϵϢԽԽǿһʱͻȫû취ƣ䵽ʱ˲뿪ǣ
뿪»⣬ʱ򡭡ɾͱ׶ˡƽ˵
ī˵ǲ뿪Ҳ顣˵ھѾˣֻ˼ûдݾء
ȫüͷһ˵ֿܡ
ǻǰһι̲ǵʱ˿ǵе㲻ԾһΪһʲôʲôҲûʾˡȻһ죬û˹ˡ᲻ᡭ⣿
һᣡīͷҲע⵽⡣
Ҳˡˮ˵
īһˣ£Ҷҡ
Ҫ˵ֻˮųīһģ
Ҳ˵ûмȵĵ˵ԷĸĿ㣬ʵ±ϵҲѾˡ
ЩīȻһֱû˵ҲٲµһʲôǱߵǸˣ˵޾˵ҪġǸˣһŮʿ
ͨһ㣬ڳЩ˼ѾµǸӦþơˣҲֻǳī
Ȼû֪īôģ˵޾ĿǳīǡþԷȻǸƵˣһЩݵ֮齫ֱӳԸķȥչ
նЩƣѹͷЩһСģܾͻٲκ˶еɵġ
ʱ򣬳īü΢΢һڱѡ񰡣
ǱѾˡջ
ңݲʾٳʮ߽׵
һɿµ
磬Ҳκδеǡ
īһаءһΣˣϣ㲻ʧ
ˣ
УһֱջϿգɢǿֱӽƬջס
ȻʮӰ˲
ǵھֿŵĴɤţֱ𣺡ǼСһ𱧽ˣԼԹԳܽ


1182 ̫ˣ
֮ǰеĲ²⣬ȫ棬˼ҲûǣвȴûоǡīʵҲû취͸ܵԷѾʲôˡҲֱӸǿս
һȺɾʿôܴҲһȺ߽׵Ķְ
һǻ˵ЩĿǰս˵лԷشпܻɱǣųУˡһȺ
³ֵʮ˭֪лŶٸ
ԭųǲôеģһѾ˲ˡ
߽׵ֲǴײˣôܵǣĸ߽׵ｮϵһ
ڣΪһͬĿģȫۼط
˿ŵ˵ڼۼ·ΪǿһǿߣǶ޾ǧ˿ƵĹϵ
ܹ뿪·û˻ܾ뿪ԺҲزˡҲͬϧ
ī໥һۣ϶¶һ˿Ц
ʱ򣬾ٴδ˵ǸճСһҪã޾ֻһ棬Ѻõ̸һЩ顣Դ˵ݣûټ֣Ӧоޱȵң׻˵ƺóԷʣ㻹ᣬԺкܺõǰ;Ҫ󡣡
ʱһǺ
ߵѣǶ޹ģΪۣǵ治𣿡
ø߽׵һһҲɷѿˡ
ǻǲ˽īӳī̤нһ·ߵ죬ܶ࣬İҲ١޵ģſڱöԷвˡ
īʱ򣬻ϵĲѪ֮ϣȫеĹâȴûɢκεϢ
ˣЩ߽׵ǣûκβ
Ժвī˵⣬ҲҪȥ룬Ϊһôģô֮ǰǲǾѾôôǧټƵĴ̽йصѣȻһȺĴУҪĽһŮӸ²ģѵ˵ģ
סڣУУ˷ŭȻģ
ϻȻҳүģīһϵѪ˲䱬һĹâֱӽ˸
ǱУȻ䴫ŭȣã
Ҫӣ
ֱѹ
īҪģۣ
߽׵䷢ԡ
߷еĳīˣֱӱѪɢĹâ֣ȻͱܻѪҲɢŹԣƬصĴ
ѪһҡֱͷųһƻϢֱӽеļ˸
ЩĴУһʧȥĿꡣ
ǵϣȫ¶Ȼ֮ɫк;ֱӾͳˡ
īǾסǶɫĽͻޡ߽׵ֶΣ𺳡
ֻ𺳵ģֵʮ߽׵ĴС
ȫŵĹâޱ𾪵Ŀ
ӦóĳīˣһҲˡ
ôܣһߵĺ󡭡ʧˣ
һƶ˵޿ܣⷨ󡭡λһͬµģϵ¡ûǶ֮
ʱһ߽׵ûʧ飬ڶûбκδļ󡣡
ǰûбеվ˵
ЩˡôûˣǾҳ鴤ţųīʧĵط̲סַһ
䣡
ǵطʱһ޴ӣףȴû۵ܱߵЩ߽׵ƿؾȷ̶ȣ̾Ϊֹ
ʱǸӵȻ䴫һɲ
϶ʱ¶ϲɫҵˣ
ǳ˳飬ǲµķ󱻴ˡ
ʱһΣóսһϲͨ˸Ц
ҲûЦóΪԷһȺˣȻȺ߽׵Ƥӵʧˡ⻹ڽܵĲ֮󣬾׵£˴ĵĸϹʵȴȺݺһơ
ǽһǽһۡ
¿ΣųеЩˣĶˣ
Ⱥ໥һۣӶԷУκš
ȺСѵܷɳǲɣһŭɫεֹţȻ˫Ŀ⣬ĴѰš
˵ǵϣ϶ĳֳԽ֪ķ
ôīƤӵˣ֮ǰݺݵķһͨȺ߽׵ھ޹ͬʱиޱȽ͵
һ߽׵˵⣬ҪҵЩˡ
һ˵߲ģʿҪ뿪ͱҪԼ·Ⱥˣ綼콾Լ·һ̣ǲûκͻƵģ
˵ԣֻҪעƬû˶ɽ٣Ǿһܹҵǣ
ڳЩƵٻָ˼֡
ʱ˺ȻָԶǧķ򾪺Ǹطнۣ
еȫ˲佫ĿͶǸ
ȻǵĵһӦƿնȥ


1183 ̵
ۿųīʩչһɽأܹĸоؼƺĳֱ仯ɫ࣬Դ԰׺ƣĳīȫЩǡ
ǱߵˮѾյУϵĹʼӿ塣
ˮĻԵˣҪɽˣ
нۣɫڽݺᡣ
īĶȻûֹͣȻڹƬɽе޾ܷסȺ߽׵ǣڴһˣ
ɺڵľ磬ʩչˮͨеҪȴǰʩչ˳ҲӦ֡ҪԵģȴһȺֲĸ߽׵
ֶΣܲܽЩȫ棬Ҳͬұ֤
Դӽ磬ôΣյľ棬ǵһīȻֵôݣһûףҲѾ뵽ˣ·ȥ֮󣬿ĳδҲ١
һΣ͵һԤݺˣ
ֻԤݣʵ˾궯ǡ
ƽ֮ǰͼ˴ˣ˿Ҳš
ҺͬһŵĿųīϵʩ
īĶϣ·ƬҪΪһˣÿһһС
ģ弸еĽ֮飬Ȼ˺ܶ࣡
īϷ·һɺħڽб滺ʵϸ룬ʱӦñˣӦǲŶԡ
óͺƽöЩ졣
͵͵һ۳īīȻʩ
ʱʮ߽׵ҲѾھˮǧĵطͣס˽Ų
٣ȻǸ߽׵ҲȥմȾ
һЦīӵһʱѵӵһɣϿԹͶ
ˣĶųīҲӦƬصƺЩ̫ѰûóȻǰ
ʱеĽѾһɫˮ١ʼˡ
īʱ¶ƣ֮ɫԴŪĿһԶյľ˵Ѿﲼ˿ֲķ󣬾飬е͹ԡ
̫ˣ
һɾʿֱƳĸ߽׵
̣ŭС̫񣡡˵žҪȥѵīȴߵĺס
嶯طе㲻Ѱ˵
һµķѵסҲɣ
꣡
һɫ׽١
ǱߵˮȫκӰڶɽ١
·߷һУȫӶһ㡣
ȲǣǸŮ޶ɽ٣ɽ֮ȥѹǣ
ٵ̫ˣóȻ֣Ȼܴ٣ȴմȾ޴ҡҲױٲϡȻѾҪǱٸϣɵġɾͲǵˣһϵ档
ȷȺ߽׵һٸϣôҪܵѰĵܱȵġûôֲҲԻȺ߽׵Ŀܡ
һһ˱մϣпӦ
ڳġʮ߽׵أ
ʱҪǶٸմϣǿˡʱ˵ץסīˣѱˡ̸ʲô·ѽ
ҲûôɵܿĹؼ̲֮סųīƿڴСӣ̫ˣүүңôף
˵ţϻ¶ֵ֮ɫԵһڸ߽׵ȫһλսȻǿ󣬵ӡֻܺǺˡ
īϲдƣ֮ɫбžߣЦûӾ˵ûӣװʲô˾Ҫϣ
ģ̲ˣȻŭΪһϼ棬·ϣҲ쵱Ĵ޾ҲûЦ
˶ʱסһȰЩ˵ɫҲÿһ޾Ƣ̫𱬣˼΢һòˣһ棬ԳīҲ֮ͬǡ
һɾС֮ǰ·ϾʹʿԴڳЩĿУûн¡
𿴴ͬһ磬߽׺͵ͽ֮ǰž޴Ĳࡣ쾳ĵҪǸǰĻһƾܱǸ
ӵ޾ּʱȺȫ˷ܣǸûȥġ
ΪȫҪ
һСƨϣȻпԸıʱͿռֱͨ쿪ۣ͸ǵĸ
һʼЩ˶޾ĽȫЩΪȻ
ץһСʿˣҪߵвõĴֵͼеĵľٶĺ
ֱڣЩˣ޾˼ֱ̫ˣ
Сӣֱһ̵֣һСģܰ˸Ѫ
ЦСӣſ񣬵޵ʱ򣡡
꣡
һ죬ٵƵʣø
ˮ٣Ҳ뵽ڡ
Уʼġ۳һ


1184 ӡ
īʱҲĿ⣬תеˮ˫żֵĵǡʯĳˮһƬ飬Ǹо
û취ȥŵˮʲôҲѧЩʿӵкܶ¡زխȴֻݵһӰпݻ磬ƫƫ۵ģҲֻһˡ
һӰһˣ硣
ȫ
ȻϣˮԺܺãԿĵĻ䡣
֪٣ˮ̵ֵʿ˵㲻أУȻЩǡ
Уǵ۵ĺȥһӰʣҲģ
ԶЩ߽׵ǣ鲻Խ˫⣬Ҫ۲ǵ
ӳ񡣡
Ҳࡣ˵
һ̲סЩпһνʿǼһˣž޵̫ˣ
ڵٵʱʮӳġ˸п
ʲôӳҲ࡭ѵǣϵ΢΢üͷ뵽һµ飬鲻ԽջģӰ⣬̲סһ͵͵ľҪ÷Ӱ
Ȼѵ΢е
˫ѪȻûзʧĴУȫ¶ʹ顣
ǡӡϵȷһȻζ̲ס˼һĿǵʵӰ
ЩҲȫջ⣬мȻûѪȴ̲ס¶Ȼɫ
ӡһָĶ
ӳʱ·ʱ·ϵӰɵ֮󣬻һַĴڣͬͻƷʱֳַܱΪ󱲱ݻṩһݰ
࣬ȴɵʱ򣬿ӡƬ֮ϵһĹ
ֹƬ֮£ӿռ䡢ʱ;롣лԵͷϣ
ħ֮ǰɵٵʱֵһλ·ϳɵħͻƵʱķȴ·֮ϡ
ӿռ䡢ʱ䡢Ӿһִĳ֣
˵ӳ࣬𾳽ĴڱƬؼ䣬˵ĸôӡڳɵʱԵ
ӡУٲд֮һ
ǽⷨӡյУһԵĺ󱲣ӡ֡
һ־˵ĻԵ
ɹƣܴӡʿȴ޼оݿɲġʮˣ
ЩǾڶɵٵǣӡֻԵࡣ
ˮȻֱӴӡ
ǰûκܲµֽЩ߽׵ǡҲȫɵˡ
һ϶Ųŵɫǿҵļʣ
ӡĳ֣һʿ߾磬ȴڵõһ֮һĴимֵ
κʿӡ𴫳еʱֻҪɵһѡӡ
Ϊĳ̶ֳϡ·
˫ĿѪĸ߽׵һ˫۶ѾϹˣĴ֮ˣ
ǵľǲҪ۾Ϳĺ磬۾һЩãȴԶ޷ȡġˣ߽׵ȫʹ
ǱߵˮҲǺ֮ǡηˮ˿ڶɵ٣˿϶ֱӳȥǸСѾͷƬӺ
ȥ˫ĿǴް
ˮ˿̣ȴûйעЩһ߰˼ֵвϽµ١
ͶǿЩ̬ĳīȫͬߵҲ·ԲӲ١
ˮؼľϵһУԼĵ
ڱ忪ˮһԾ̤磬ΪһŮۣ
䣡
嫾һǺӣӴصĸӿˮ
ɫѿȺ棬Ӷ·ϵĻԵ;
һ죬Ҫɱ磬ǵԴǵ컯һ
ˣ
ˮϵϢʱѾǵء
ؼľȻԴԴϣ
ļͬҲ۷壬ֻҪ㹻࣬һ߲Σ
ĵʵ
ֻᣬҲֻڽһ̲Ż֣ȵȶ̫֮ˡ
ԣܶʿһʵҲôһλᡣ
ԣˮִŮӣΡֻģ
ʼתķƴƬؼԴԴϵľ
¡
¡
¡
ǣ
Ƭ֮ףγ׺ʼˮ
ĵ٣Ѿβ
ʱеǵӡѾʼ
ǣֻһӰ·Ŷ޾ɣ¡
Ȼߴ󣬵·Ƭ񷡭޷Ӱ


1185 һž
һ𺳵ĿһĻ૵λµķӡȻ˿ֲֻһӰȴ·̲޾ĵ
߽׵еӡǸѰʿͬǿģࡣ
ʱҲ¶֮ɫʧȥ˵˼ֻǴĿǵӰгľη
Щ·߽׵˿һģǵӰ
ȻǵӰûɢκοµѹǣǾôһأһֶǰܷĵغ;η
¡
ˮоԼеǿһ޷ĳ̶ȣĳӯУǴδйġ
еٴαƣѹ˵أʽ̤߽׵У
ˮתķʼȹľ磬ҪʵԼĵ
ؼǹľȻͬˮȥ
һĻóī˸ԶЩ߽׵Щ
Ϊ˶Եĸоˮͻƣûдﵽ£Ӧʱֹͣ˼ͻơ
һõһλˣ
´ڵж״̬ԶЩ߽׵Ҳ̲סһźĸо
ˮҲ֪ԼΪʲôôƺĵ뷨·һھҪƵͻȥǲûʲôôӦͣ£ʵԼĵ·һ߳ģ̲
һ൱µĸоˮѡԼĵжϡ
ʱ򣬸֮ϣǸӰУȻ䷢֮
ڽ
⾭ΨˮһˣȫڵһʱסԼʶȻĻܻܿܵӰ죬ֲĺ
㣬Щ߽׵ǣ֪
Ϲĵ˿ȫڷڣȫӿͬͷ˫ۡʵϹ̫ϹˣȥӡⲻϹʲô
ˮǵӰо𺳵Ըӵĳ̶ȣˢһʳˮΪоģȻˮһȱУʮһȴΪ֮ľģ
Ӱѵˮҵλ
ˮһ䣬ȫ޷ſڣʶǲžռݡ
Ӱоʱ䣬Ȼʱ
žȻⲿžǳԿˮԺһ
ʱǵӰʼɢؼ䡣
ǰҵ𣿡ˮʣһ䡣
ǵӰûлشֻǷһ̾ϢȻ˲ʧˡ
ԶЩ߽׵ֱһ̣ŸҿԼʶһˣޱ̰ˮ
˵īǳ·ϣôˮ׷Ѱ֮·ϣ
ʱ
ǿ϶һž
ǵӡ϶ǸСһ棡ȻĻܽ
ĹžһϹĵȫ಻סʹˮӡʧ֮ȫƲסԼֱӳˮ
䣡
һ춯صľ졣
šضɽҡ
·Ƭضڲ
һӴзӿγһݺնϹ۵ĵ
Ϲ۵۾Ȼʶޱ񣬵±ŵ÷һηˡ
ǰѾɵĽӿ£ֱӽпɢžĽ˲佫նϡ
֮ѪһѪӣ
ĳīϢļ˻¯ڽա
ӱնϵϹ۵Ĵ𣺡ң
ΪǰѾնҾȻڷͬе
ֻƬ̹Ѿʧʮ֮һ
֣ͬԴ֣Ҫء
֮䣬ٴγʮѾĿֲ󽣣նǵľ֡
꣡
ͻȻһ
еĿѵĴ󺰵ˣ˶ɽ٣
ǼҪϹ۵ĸ߽׵УȫԼͬķ󳷡
Ƿľ֣׷ױն飬Ǳ֣ҲѪģֻˣȫȺŭĵˡ
Ҳնһϸ˿ڣѪޱĿǱһֻ¯ӵѪҺĳīҧСﲼ˾취󣡡
ΪԷźĸ߽׵ʱ򻹿Ǿˡ
Լָϵ˿ڣµĿǱڽӵ֮ѪĳīǾҵĳ鴤šС֮ǰ˵İ
˾
ȻȺ屻նصϹ۵ֱӱ߰˰Ѿն顣

һʱ䣬Щ߽׵ʧˣ
Ǳ߳ī̲סֹһ䣺ôͽһ֮Ѫ̫٣ҩģ
ѽѽ
ŭ
Ҳȫᣬ޲ܽīʬΡ
ڶɽٵһŮӣޱĹâѵǡҪﰤɽ٣Ȼ·бҪȥ޾ˡ
ܶˣһȺ߽׵ԸһȺʿ
µѾȫǵƿأһĸ߽׵ôϢˣһɾʿķ֮¡
ⷨ󣬼Ǳ߿ֲ٣ȻΪ߽׵ͬҲҴ
һ
޾


1186 ˮչ
̫ûϢˣ
̫ˣ
̫ˣ
̫ˣ
̫̫費ˬˣ
һȺսǿĸ߽׵һȺվ϶λõĴܣһǴûзеСƨȻҪһεĴڣ
λڣѾ֪ûгֹˣ
ڴ֮ǰΪ·֮޾Ѿ̫ûгˡ
ȻҪȥ޾
ͷȺ߽׵ӿ𡪡ڿȡʯһ̡
ʯУ޾ͳţ
Ȼֻһ֣ƽƽʲôڳЩ߽׵̲סеһķȡ
ˣ
ʵ̫ˣ
ˣ鷳˵
޾׷ߣҲ޾ĸ£һΪ޾ųǡ
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ͷһ״߽׵Ȼķѣ

һѪǺաľͷȥʺ졣
ЩԹЩ죡
ˮֱջغ⣬վڳīƬزµķԵĿȺ˹ȴһĸ߽׵Ǹ˺һˣһ죬ҳ𣬱Ȼٻ·ɾ
˵ţˮͷһ۳īǸνģһġʧƬա


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ΪľֻгīһǲŷԼĴжס
Ǹոս߽׵ŮӣҲ˵Ƕ˷ָƾսҲЦнˣ
һոսصĵһ˲֪ϵȻ֮䣬Էն䳾ֱ̫ˣ
ʱи߽׵Щ
ҺáȺڽ֮ʮа˾Żڶʱ䱻ͳ·ȻĻﻹȺ˵Ļ·
Ҳֻ޾Գ֣ѹȺˣ
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鷳С
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׼𾳽޾Ҳûֻѩ³áˣȻûôѩ޾Ǽ
ǸˣϵʿĪԨԴ㲻˺ѩ꿴޾֮ɫ
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ɶѣӵжսΣѹĿģȴЧһַʽ޾˵ţһѩ꣺߰ɣֹҵġڵϣڴͬΪ·ϵͽϣҲƽϡ
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һȺ߽׵к;۷Ȼ޷κһȺСƨӣ
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Ȼ󵽱ͷϣǻʲô
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ǡǹϵܷ·޾һһĨ䡣
Ϊ˳ɵϧһдۣ
ʱ޾򣬻֪ߵĸ߽׵Ѿˡ

٣Ѿӽβʼգûгκ
ҲûκεľɥȻȫȫ壬ڴʱҲһϵķԼͷϷȫ塣
ڣ׺٣
Ƭɫףһبյɫ
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ϵľͬȡ֮ӿ塣
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䣡
оеѨصֱӱ忪
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죡
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졢졢졭һֱ쾳磡
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ٴ壬ûһ˶ܵġ
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ٴʧܣǾͲˣǻᱻֱҲ
ԣԶĺˣȫ¶֮ɫһ̣ʶġ˴˼俿һ㣡
Ϊǲոշ飬һ顣
ȺˡһȺֲʿ
ŵȺ󣬲ߡһǰߣ
ȥǲԸϣȴòϡ
һƬ׺ɢȥĵ٣Ҳǽˡ
УȻûκε


1188 ⻹ûˣ
ī̲ס̾ϢһЩźΪͨʿڽʱӳ־硣
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Ȼ˳ȴʲôûУȷ˾üȾֺź
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Уһ֮һ⣬Ȼնֻ֡
ͬʱһصķ˲ӦɵĸУȫնֻ֣
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Щ߽׵ȫ̲סһиеһĺ䡣
ı𺳵ˣҲŵˡ

ΪĴڣʹԭӦóֵЩһûг֣
𣬴ʿļĿʼ
νɵָĴʼʿ뵽һǸѾʲôˣģĵ
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Ҳ˵ʮǰ죬·ϵʿûһܳɵġȻҲûһˣܳ·
Ҳȫ̲סȻȷʮ꣡
ʮǰȺˣлɵȻ뿪·ġ
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ʱԶ½еĴи
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ġûˣ˶ҪˣȻ޾˵棬Ҳ̲סƿڴ
ЩҲȫһ͡
һҲǼʶȴûмʶŶӶɵٵġ
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ī⡭ЩѣܹһһĶɽ٣ܹԵ
ԣǳҲãڶɽٵƽҲãǸͲ֪Ϊʲôչ˵Ⱥ߽׵棬Լ棬ͬҲ˼⣡
īŻңֵܣһ㣡


1189 ڸ
ҺȫĿɿڴĿųīҪʱ򻹲²Ⱥ˽ɽǸīйأҲ̫һ㡣
㣬Ҫַʽȫߣҿųīأ
ҡͷӣҪߣҪһԣ
īЦЦ˵ʲôɵʲôȺðɵĸ߽׵ҪǸŭ׼𣿡
ʲôҶԸһԣһ档
İɣҲµġī΢Ц˵
ոǵ˳Ӱīһ۾ϳˣǱӰƮŮۣ
Ȼ֪Ϊʲôûתĳ֣Ǹ˳īĺ͵¹ù˵ûЩˣһֱעԼֻԼûܸоˡ
ҲΪʲôҲãҲãȫûѹīС·ЩΣյԭɣ
𾳽ĴڰйעԼǻʲôɵĵģ
οԼλʥ˵Ļǵ÷ǳĻԵûء
ƽڶɽ٣Լķżһףƽִݵŵ١
Ϊ֮һƽȻԼĽһ·֮УǷī飬ʵ̫ˣºܳʱѶδܻꡣ
ƽûиī¶κ˼Щ飬һʱ꣬ͺˡ᲻ԵЩαԼͶԷѹ
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˽˸ոշ֮ȫóĬ
ԭǸվɽͷһһŮӢˣһ˿ֲļһЩѣҲûһƲ簡
ƽٵĽУУʼһӳ
Ŀɿڴ૵һˡôܸ˴ĻԵֱ˼飡
ĻҲǵڹȥļܹӳʿֱٵĿżܳһ·ܶꡣ
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޾õشʱҲѾĻ̲סʵָʲô
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صգʲô˼Ⱥ𡭡ѾԪģҲһԪɣƮŮ־ž޵𣬲Ҳֻǻ𣿡
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ѵǣȻʮ־ηԼ֣˿Ҳ̲סеĺ档
Ǹʷ޵Ůۣ˵һֱǧǰ·ЩеĿУҲһŵ񰡣
ոճֵǵӰƮŮ۵һ޾򵭵˵УƺһĽܴһȫˣԭλû֣ҲѾֵýˡ
ߵһȺȫ¶֮ɫ𺳵ü޷˵
޾˵𡭡ȻһԪ־磬еǰ취ԼǽԼĵ֮ϣһĨִҲͦܶԪġЩȥǣȴѾʼֳ˸յļϣܼ뵽Ǹȥ
޾ƺЩпǸ磬ʵ̫ˡϧһдۣҲǸȥ
ԣܸովһۣȻûзǵӰѾȻմȾҲһҪǸס
Ҫɽ٣ȥɣ
˶ɽ٣ѾˡֻҪīɽپС
Զ֮ϣһγߵӳȺ·ϵЩ𺳵ľ
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ʿͻƣһѾ޿ת
ĿųīֵܣӦңúûȥ
ʱ˵̫໰ѾûˣԻҲûŮ鳤ֱ̬Ծϲ񷣬ʼĵ١
ԶЩһľƬʼվûɢȥĽƣֻʣһͷ
ˣ


1190 
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Ҷɽ٣ͬߵӳ񣬳쾳硣
ϳͬҲͷˡûмƬؼľһ˸߽׵УѾˡͷֻҪʵеľ磬Ȼһۣͻƣ֮
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ŻҵһʧյУЩĿųīӡ
СīֱӾ;ܾˣȻŲʣ޼ļƷ쾧ʯ¶Цݣȥɣң
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ӳĳ֣ĻԵ·ͷȻǲһ
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죡
գҲͻƵΣ֣ȫġ
ڱ·ų֮ǰǻص˳īߣߵһе򡭡Ӧڳīʵҡƽ塢ˮЩˣڳīߣȫõԶԤеĻԵ
ȥɣסص֮󣬲ҪŸսս鼱áҪģȥе磬Ȼ󲻶ϵĺʵԼΪһĵʿī涣óһöָһЩƷĵҩһ㼫Ʒ쾧ʯ
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1191 үȥҲ
޾Ȼ⣬ֱӿաţϣֳһĨŭɫĶųīϷˣΪ׼𣬾úгɾ͸𣿡
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ؼǣһɾʿԱ޾׼Ĵڣô£Ҳ˵ȻˣҲҪЩǱġ
ڵǣ޾ֻޱߵķŭȴûһ˿Ǳ
ѲɡǸīǼٵģ
ͷֱеĵȫ
Ǻ;Щʼһֱˣ˶ʯˡ
˵֮ǰ޾ˣѾǾޱȵĶˣôڣЩ˵ֻʣ¡衱֡
Ƕ
ôˣĿųīȺ˻һȫõ˴Ե컯ˡȻһΪץסСˡ̵Ⱥһˣ
Ǿ赽ܵǣǵ޾˵棡
ںܶ棬һͷǺ֪޾˵Ӱж
λ׼𾳽ĴҲܹµ޾˿ķŭֻǸࡣ
ȺǸӸеǣ֪һˣһȻҽ뵽Ƭȥ
ǸȻԱʧˣǷڰ
˼Ѿ嵽ǵĵϣǵǵž졣ȴκ֮Чķ
ôòñ˻ˣ
оǣīȥˣ
⣬˶
·ȻͬһҲһ簡
ȺҪɱһ˺ףҪҳһˡ̸ף
ʱ޾ŭֱ֣ӽƬصķȫ顣
Ȼʱ򣬼ɢ޾ɱĽؼľɣֱն޾
޾ŵֵȻƵæңȻûˣɿȥȴޱǱ
һԭ˫·֮˿̿ȥһ׷˰ֵؤ
УȻһˬʵЦ·֮Ե˫˷צгɡ֮һնҲŭɽͷǱݣүȥҲ
һ׾ӵĴʫ·֮޾£䣺Ҳŭɽͷ
ֱ޾˿̵ʵдաīƤӵ¸ˣһŭ֮£ҪЩȫٵЩɽͷϡŪǱ֣˳īһ״ʫ
޾̲סһѪһ˫ܹ˵Ĺâ˷ҪݳīȥҪѳī״ɱ
ƾݣյóģҲֻһƬĽ
һСɣƾһ֮һȺѣȻƤӵ³ɹˣ
޾˿̣Ѿƽ̫ûŭˣҪ˷ŭĸоʲôġ
ܺãܺãܺã޾һȻ·ͷķ򣺡һ㸶۵ģ
˵꣬޾ûȥԶȺһֱʧԭء
ȥˣźʵ
̲ס˸ۣң˭ȥ
ǳīûǵעܵˣʡ
ɴһתֱˡ
˶Ѽȥˣʸƨ
Ǳ߾̲סСֹǸСӣѴ˶Ѫˡ
ߵĸˣ˵ûûεĴϹֱֹһ׳գ
īǰһƬĲĳţطȻ·ľͷ
طʵ̫ˣĿóīһֻص˽ĸоľ磬طܲ
ȷ·ľͷڡ
ǰһ£¡ô
¿ȥǳƽǳǱһгӵġóīе𾪣ʲôĴڣһһն
Ȼˡ˵طʵҲ·ͷ


1192 һ·
ī΢΢üͷͨæѰһ¡
ҲҲ𰸣ôī;
ûûϵڷˮͨǰݽ֮أīҲӲĴӴ޾ľ
ȴһóīЩĴ𰸡
ǰߣ
ߣ·ĶīЩ
Ѿ·ľͷǰߣͻֱӽ뵽޵Сط磬ޱߴ½ͷǰߣֱ̤ǿաɾĴʿ˵ǿգҲʲô
·˭֪ǰһ֮󣬻飿
īǵСЩãȻ̲סʵҪǰߣ
һ϶ĻӦԣ
īͷϸֳߣѡŲȻü֮ƭ˺޷޾򣬵Ҳûָ޾ĴӴ˾Ҳˡ
ǿ׼𣬲һѰʿϷˣĴҪģīȻȱͬҲôĺʲô
ǿ˳ۣݺݵϷˣһͨϽ֮󼪡Զ;Զ㡣
ī΢΢˫ۣҪƬеĽڵ㣬ܿϧûҵֻܱ۾һģһ
ָоһվ±һʵû̫
طϢܲ
һֻգīһһ
ûеȥ
īд֣ҲûҾʹ˷ǰܣǾһһǰȥ
ֱ߳ȥٲīͷһۣȴͻȻ䷢֣Ѿ·ľͷˣ
ҪǰôīЩûһ䡣
ԡ
ָһֵĴ𰸡
ī̲ס˸ۣɴʲôҲȥˣǰȥ
Ƭ֮أ˼ڽ£ǲ޻ϣġһ㶼ȴҲûֱӵȥ
īƬ޵ĿռУһʱǰڳһ£
ȥ޴ĲǶ±ϣͦεţɸߣ
޴ǹγɵľ޴ɭУżܴ֮
īֱӱˣ૵ʲôطѵǱпһ·𣿡
ʱ˿̣޾Ѿ·ľͷƬĲĻ֮أǰĿԶ˫Ŀ⣬Ƭޣ·ҪеһС
Ȼһжͽ͵ġ
Ƭ֮أ
޾һֱǰƬ֮صǰһ·Ҳεĳԣվʧˡ
һ߷֮ء
Ƭ򣬸޷ɣ
޾۾һУʩչһžѧҪ׷﷢һС
ۣ
޾ٴһѪһ˫ޱȺ˵Ĺâ޾ĲţǰƬޡ
һھѪΪۣڿһģģӰϴ޾Ļ֮·ƬΪһ塣·ľͷ鲻ǰԥ˺þãſʼСȥ
޾˶סˣЩԼݵĽǲǴģôܣ
ǵ޾֮Ӱ϶ǳīɣ
ôܽ뵽Ƭ統Уôƽأ
޾оǵӰԥÿһƺСģǡ˼ҳɹ˰
ʱ޾̲סͷקһͷ־磬һͷӵܡ޾תһָͷ
ˢ
ͷֱӻһˣ޾΢΢һѡ
޾һһָǰޣһߡ
ͷɵ˺ԥȥ
޾һŵĿԼͷɵһֻȥȻ󡭡һֻҲȥ
ಣ
ֱӵȥ
޾һ˲ʧȥ˶ԼǸͷĸӦȻͷһƬҰ
µ޾ڿȷһ¡īӵ޷ķϾˣ
ǷݻԵֻ˼ҵģ
޾һĨ֮ɫҾ㣡һ첻Ҿ͵һ죻һ겻Ҿ͵һꣻһ겻Ҿ͵һ꣡һ죬һȵ㡣
޾ȴûһ⣺īǱߵ˻Ե֮󣬶ɽٷ뿪·Ҫȵ
īżʣֺ棬߽Ƭ޴ĴֵС
û߼ͱǰһֲˣ̲ס۾ϲѣȷǰֲȻһҩ
һǳɫֲխխҶƬͬһ濪ǳɫСɢǹǿϢīܾܿʹˡ
һҩһ𾳽ֱӶһ
Ѱ磬Ҳδҳ꣬Ȼ㡭һ꣬Լ̫ǿҩһ·ϡ洦ɼ
ڳīĶɫҩʱҩĻɫСϣֱӱĳһѰϴ˶ٵĹƨСкָųīĺȵСӣʲôϽ


1193 
īҲ˵ֱӰǸȡΪֲսռ֮ڣڻѹءˣ棬ǿյġ
ͨĻʵɣеϡɢŶԴҩ˵ϢϢʿоκδҩڵһʱӦ
īСк˻ΣСƨб
ôСƨСŪүүϴ˶ٵСƨ۾˸ŽĹâ˵ãѾˡ׼ʥҩԸܾӵϡҩ˵ֱջ
ɵϣԼһȥ¾ûɡ
㲻ϲˡīʩʩȻȻָ߱Сƨϲ
䣡
߱еɱֱӱ춯أ
ЩʮĲ̲סһȻдҶŵõһҶꡣ
Сƨ۾ȻɵԲһֵĿ߱죬ŵವһ¾ûӰˣص嵱УȻǳɫҩ˲ʹӵϱѾӾܣ
ȣܵǽһ졣
īǳ鴤ţĿɿڴôҲ̫һ˰ɣֱӳǳɫҩ׷Ϲȥһҩɲ׷ߡ˵ʲôʱ򣬾ܾһأ
Сƨܣī
ɵӣ쵰үүŲСƨүү䶼ˡôүүƨɺ棡ǳɫҩһƿڴһ߿š
ȶ࣬ܵĵȷͦģīȫȻ˦Զ
ҩϵҩ̫ŨīоԼᱻֱ˦
Ƭγɵľ޴ɭֵУһҩڶĸǰ񱼣īں׷
գۼ䣬ͳȥԶ롣
Уīûڶҩ෴ҩģǼ˲١ɼƬɭķġҲǲ֪꣬ûǿˡȻĻܳôļƷҩġ
ī־ӰʱͿռĹ򣬲Ͻӽҩ
ۿ˫ľԽԽҩҲе㱻ŵˣʼɵɵôҪɱң
īʱͷߣǶ̲סҵĳ鴤˵̵ģⶫȻиɵܸһ
䣡
һɺƥϢǰȻ䱬ǵأųīѹȹ
һЩɸߵĲܲסϢѹȣֱӱ飬ĩƮ䡣
īоһ˲䣬óޱȣ·뵽ӵУÿһޱȼѡ
ʱǰǳɫҩͣ˽ŲһĳҶӣˣôײУһԲϾҪɱүүҰ
īžԼԶҩڸͨѯɢϢĶʲôȻ˿ֲƾϢ˵ɣ粽С
īľȻûôߣս򲻹۷弶ĵ˵ѹⷽ棬ӰĺޡΪϴż𼶱ѹҲѹī
˳īԷϢ׼ʥҩ꣬óģԶŴеĠ꣬ΩΩФ𶼺ѷαϢһģһսԶŴеǳӽ൱ǿҩеࡣ
īˣҲ𾪲ѣ벻·֮ϣȻһֲĴڡ
˵ֲûʲôսҩģǵԱֶΣһ˵˸֪˿ǰ֮⣬ҲʣϢѹһֶˡֶЧǾֻܰ񱼣ǱӴܡ
˵ҩ׼ʥҩҲˣ
֮ǰɽϣܾӷеһΪ׼ʥҩΣͷҲֻʣһ·
һޡʿ׼ʥģһͷܻأ
ӵеܿ˻ģ
ҲǾģȻûֲһǿƥսȴǳǿĸ֪Զʤ޺Ԫ
һ£Ԫ굽֮䡣ĴڣͨͨһЩҩڶӵԪһЩģܻãƮŮۡ
ܵ˵ܻһԪҲʮǧ𣬼ûУ
еЩǶͨطԼڹ浱УȻȥƺţʵϣʵѾȥˡµģֻˡǿгһµĶ֣ĥǵôҲԶɢƬؼˡ
ԲԻͶǿ󣬵վĻһ졣
޵ԪҪʿúܶ࣬Щ𾳽ޣܻĸԪԼԪӽʮ꣡ʿԪ̫ࡣ
ȻҪǸֲеͬ߱Ԫʲô


1194 սҩ
һĴҩɻʮ꣬ӽһԪ
ֻе˼Ԫٵʱ򣬲ʮа˾ŻڼԪСҳɹɹԪ٣ҩҩʱԻܶԪ
ҩʮԪһμԪ٣ǻܳɹɹɳΪʥҩ
ʥҩʮԪһμԪ٣ǳɹɹữΪʥҩ
ʥҩʮԵһμԪ١
ϣҩ
ҩһʮĸԪһεļԪ٣ɹ֮󣬻Ϊ̫ҩ𣬳Խֻأ
ȻĴ˵У˴ʥҩǸģ൱Уҩģδš
ʵܵʥҩּ𣬾Ѿ൱˲ãʥ˼飬ҩͱӵһ̶ȵͨܣȻʥ˾ʿĶ֣׼ʥʿδػ䡣
ؼǵԪ
ʥҩɻʮԪʥˡɻʮԪҲһʮꡣɴʥվǻữɢ֮䡣
꣬ɴʥճɿաʥ̤澳֣̿Ψгɾ̫λңС
еһλĲͱ˼

Ȼģмˣ
Կٵأ޾ɾ̫ϹλģҲһ˶ѡ
ЩֲеĴҩǵԪޱĽġ
οǣʥҩĴҩսĺܣͬʿޣӱѹˡһʿҲпа취շǡ
ԳīһֱûнֲԼĶеС
룬ˣ
ҹ·ߵĶ࣬վ
һ׼ʥҩŽӽԶʵͷųѹ൱µս
ǻĽࡣ
ǳɫҩī˵ʱЦСӣѽ׷үүѽôүүĸɵ̫үү˰ɣ
ǳɫҩεϵҶӣϡﻩģ㵸ǸСƨðƨɶųīȥ
ī̲ס˸ۣôƨҩ
ʱ򣬴Զ߹һͷʮɵޣޱĿž޴¶棬һ˫˸ĹâųīǻҺʳǳīͨϳⶫı壬Ϊһͷµˡ
ɵﺢСƨЦڻɫС棬һĿųī

ͷ޳ųīһϵƸˡ
ī̾˿ֳ߱죬ָͷޣͬʱ˽һս׼
û취·ֻ꣬սˣ
ͷ׼ʥҩƫͷ䶢ųīѵأһܣֻϱȻ󡭡͵ī
һֻޱȵǰצ˸Ž⣬ֱץīţ
ϣ
һ죬īֱӱȥһ˿Ѫ
īо嶼Щ飬ֱ۸ľʹЩڡ
Ѿǽӽ۷ľ磬ǿ˸߽׵
Ȼһ֮£ˣⶫȻǿ
һīаȻսǿļһһҩһеĸǿߡ
ѹֻиһ֡
СӣôҸɵǱڻϵСƨЦֱǰϵģ
īҲֻͷ۾ӶԷУһĨŪ
һȫıģ
īԼʶſգ˲侲ϵΪ֮һ䡣
䶢ųī۵һĨɫšٴ˳ī
䣡
һɾ춯صϢȻﱬ
һڹеӰȻ֣߱漣ĳӰУݺһն꣡
໺
ĺֱӱһֲɵԸӵľأֱתͷīǵ
׺ݷӦȻ޵УҲǿƾ
̫߱УӳܣԶʤڳīС
һǳīڲ˺ܶںϵԼĵеһԶԶԽһ
飡
һצ䣬һ˿ڵͬʱгֵ߱졭Ҳݺն˸ϡ
һɫѪҺӿ
īֱӼ˻¯˲佫ѪҺס
ıҺ
׼ʥҩľҩҺʥ֮Ѫ
޼֮
귢һ춯صŭ
ֱӺΧŲ˼ɽ
״
ǱߵСƨһӴסζû뵽ǿޱȵĸ꣬Ȼˣ
īವһ£ϸ졣
һֱ׷ȥ
Ҫ˵ʬΣ
īıȴᣬĵĽӽǳɫҩǸƨɵСƨһ𺳵Ķеսء
գ
īһȣһ⣬ֱӽ޷Сƨͬıһ𣬸˽
һҩ֣īתܣ
ͷ֮ϣ꾪춯صҪ˳īȴס
һսֱӱ


1195 ̸̸
̫ǿˣշתŲԾ鶯̾Ϊֹȫ޷⾹Ȼһ׼ʥҩϱǹɺ嫵ϢһƬ֮䣬һ𣬶Գīʩѹ
걩ŭıӻ֮£ҩȻǸСˣ
ֱڵǲˡΪ
ԣ겪ȻŭҪҩȻˣԳīĹ൱֮ң
īûн뵽磬ѷӳȫЩͨѾﵽķǸε͵ˣīԦսҪȹȥ˳öࡣ
һսٸغ֮˫δֳԵʤ
ʱīıѾܳȥԶˣһֱӽ˲ٻء
ŭ𶯲񷣬ȴʧȥ˵˵ټ
ͨⳡսīںϳ̶ȣּ˼֡˽ʿ棬ŵƣõս飬ȻҲûôḻ
ȴ˼ɣʩչǵսǿ飬īϼǧغϡ
ʱĳīھһ·ͷǧĵطѾԶֻĵ̡
ͣ½ŲȻ󽫽뵽ڲĿռ䵱С
޴ڤһ飬Ƕڲڲ統С컯֮ںףһָڤ棬Ҳǰˡ
ϧڤˮû취ֳˮ飬ȻĻīŪһЩϡƷ档
ԪʥҲ˲٣ȵǣʮڡ
¯ԪʥԱߣ𻺻ȼţһҲ
ڻ¯ϣһɫֲһµѹšĲֳǷڲʵ
Ϊһ׼ʥҩȻܲʡ
ӵԱߣһҲǳɫҩӡ֮ˡ
ǸСƨҲӰǱӡ嵱ȥˡ
䶯ˣȴûбӡܵīʶ̽СƨƿڴСӣøϽүүųȥȻ޵죡Ϊүүֻһɵүү߰˸ɵʱʬΣ
īʱϲ˼˵ط߰׼ʥҩô̫ࣿˣˣ
ҩ̣Ѿƾõ£ûôҪļһ̫ܴ˰ɣŻ֪һ綼ʿȻطе׼ʥҩУ
ΰɣСӣⱨӦģСƨŭ
СƨҪٸ˵һСӣھ㣡һҩˣΪԼֵǮûԱ׼ʥҩ˵㡣īв
СƨʱƻȻޱȵĲޣȷŵˡ
ʵϣץһ˲䣬ѾЩŵˡֻһֱƢԣѵһʱĹ
ڱץڲһ˲䣬Сƨͱ𺳵ˡ
Ǹʲô磿޴ĺУôɢһڤ֮·Ե
Сƨܿȷˣǵȷһڤ
侹ȻԼĴռŪһڤǸСҪʲôҪԼСظ̫ˣ
СƨԼ˼άЩˡ
ţԪʥֱӱŵòιȥ
Ԫʥڶеһʵϣֲһ֡
С
û˼˵Уһ޽磡һƬҶӣͿԳʮ׻ƴռ䣡
˵˵ǹ
СȴεģͷĪֱ֮ӴԪأ
Сһִ죡
ĹӣΪԪʥԪ˵޷ջ
Сɳ֮ҲԳһ޴磬һ
ȱݡṩԪ֮ĶԣСȱģĻΪ
ˣСȻΪһܱ˭õһ컯
ΪֻҪԪȫͿһ磡
С磬Ҳ磡
ǳתӵԼĶصĹ򣻿鷱Ϣʿ
һҲֻܳһССƨû뵽ԼгһգȻܼһꡣ
ֿ걻ӡķӡ
ڿӵһ̣СƨʵѾŴˣȫ޷Ǹȥǿʿôӵ
ڤˮСӡҪʲô
ڱīŻһ֮Сƨڰٳơ
īӰԻһԲķӣЦеĶǰ̸̸


1196 ԸĴҩ
һһ㶯ûСīģԹ˵ʵǰӦһ£ȻץⱲӦòָ̫ˡʿҪҩ⣬ҪڹؼʱˡȻ˵ҩȴһǵĵСϾʧԸһ¡лߵĲΣ˵ܹΪʥˣǡʥôΪ׼ʥҩǰӦûϣ֮꣬ɱ䣬ɹԪ٣̤ʥҩġǸʱԪʮԪǺǣһʥԪҲʮԪѡ컯ǰ˵ǰɣ
ھΪӵеǲոմݸīġīҲ𾪣е㱻𺳵ˡӵĹͨУȴһ㶼ûбֳǰ֪Щһ
ǱߵҩдСƨЩ㣿Ϊʥˣʥں˵˵ʲôүЦ㡭
Ҫٸ˵ôûòСھ㣬Сƨҵ޵ġīСƨĻ
Сƨʱˣ汩ףڱ˿Уûŵء
Ȼ
ī˵ǰҲǲڴţһ綼ˣȻ̸ʥˡʥǺǡīһЦ˵׻ƴеʿʥ˺ʹʥ־綼û˵ŶӦ׻ƴ򶼲ȴ֪
ʱһֱûжķӣһ㷴Ӧ˵һ䣺֪Σ
ȻһŮӵȥͦġ
ī˵֪ЩȻ˵ϢԴǰúÿһһУ⡭ҵ磡֪ڤʲô컯֮㣡ԱԪʥ
ҩдСƨķС
ӱĳҲ֮ûʶ
īͷߣЩĴҩѸ㣬һƢԶôٵҿƽһֱǴڱӡ״̬£ȻĻҲҩ˵١
ãСʲôеһԱ裬ϡǿ϶ϲɣȡδΪīһϿҵ˵
ʱСƨ˵ΪҲҪΪģǵʱ𣬾䣬ʲôƾʲôɣ
Ǳ߷û˵Ҳôġ
ī̲סЦȲ̸ƾʲô⣬˵һ£Ǿʧʧϣʥ˾ǵʧʧ𣿡
ܣ磬û취ɾͣ۸ʲô֪Сƨ
ҿأīƽ˵
ЦҪⱾ£үȿȣҾȥиɵǸߣСƨĵ㲻ܣǣ
ǰҲôôֻҪ̤𾳽磬ϣʥ˾ĸԸĸߣīʵ
ӳĬһ£ʵϣУҲеһи𺳵òᡣΪ׼ʥҩĶ࣡
ֻ¯͸˼ѹ
ʲô¯ҩ׼ʥҩִҩģѰĵ¯ǵϢ޷ɣֱӾͻᱻױ飡
ֻ¯Ըо˵Լ׼ʥҩ¾ʥҩҲ£
ǰѵзɻĬĺڵ¯ϷȻûбôֲɱָоǰѵҪʤֻ¯
оǡ籾
С磬Ҳε·ҲвĵطʱãͻᷢһŶС硣磬ȻûЩС󣬿ȴһǳ磡
ܹݻɴǧ磡
˵ޱߵǴ磬ܶСʵǳ󣬱˵·ȺܶĴ绹ҪӴ
ȴһС硣
Ϊķ򲢲ٿǳڲ񷡣
֮Ȼ󣬵ȴ൱ȻҲûǳɼʱգ϶ֵģ
һУСĹϵ󡣷·ԭһ޴ġġƷռ䣡
÷Ӹе𾪵顣
磬ġԣҩΪīڴţ˵ѣӣȴ롣
ֻ׹ףҪ򵥵ľˣͬвʡ
һ׼ʥҩǣͨ϶ɽٽɵ׼ʥҩԪոչȥꡣǳʮԪԪ˵̫ˣ
ôͽԼ׵˩һʿߡ
ǣܳʥ
ϣʥ˵ɣڴ֮ǰҲӦκ顣ӳĬãų˵


1197 һ
ô˵ǰǴӦˣī˵
ҴӦʲôˣ˵ˣϣʥ˵ӱдһ˿ŭȷܲʹ졣
ھϣʥīһ̹Ȼ˵
ֱӱͣˡ
̫Ҫˣֱ޳ܣţΪԼϣʥ
ôģīŵòô˵ҩҲôġ
īûٽʲôֱ뿪˲硣ʵϣīĺܣԼҪϵľҺѡֻҪҩģԸīϳȡҺʦָıʵĵҩ
ŷԼҲĺܣΪ
īҪĲЩΪһʿжҩ棬һϡڹؼʱ̣ҩ׹ǻ˵ЩҩԶﲻЧ
⣬ȴҪĸԸĸſԡ
ȻĻȻܹȡϵľҺȴҪܳʱ䡣ǿвϵĻȡıҺ̺ŵľҲʮޡҪܴﵽҪЧڹؼʱ̣ʱȥ
īҲûָһξܽ׼ʥҩշ֮ܵĻ
һ·֮ǰǶΣȫͬ
ľȥƺûǰһ·ôԣʵϣīͨɽص֪ľȫڵˣȻЩֲסγһƽ״̬
һЩϻȥôеľͻѸٵĴһ޴Ĳȡ
֮ǰīսĵطīٻصͻ֣ᷢǸطһսĺۼ֮⣬Ѿһսˡ
طľƺȫƽĹˣûй
īǰߣ·һ·ϣϸһУҲ˲Сջ
Ĵҩķǳ࣬Ȼû𼶵ĴҩĴҩīȴ˲١īҲûиëһ㣬ЩҩȫСڲС
ЩҩȻûҩôǿ󣬵ҩȴߣûô׵õЩĴҩ
ҩƺԳīľٶǳмÿīԽһҩһƷͷһ֮ܶϾһ仰Һã
īҲôִ˲ƣЩҩ
ĴҩѾԷڵĻˡֲܹڶı֮ϣΧ﷽ԲһƬأ
īҪõȻֵطϡȻ൱СȻĻīƾʲôԴҩ
ӣԳī̬ȶЩƳīŬһʱ䣬п޶ȵϳīΪ꣬ıС
ڵ֣ӲŰˣԼǳⱲӵȷ뿪ˡ
ǣЭ
Ȼѡī߼ԿɲģԳ棬һľͱŵΥԵ³ޱȵң
ЭҲûôס
һѡЭڳīߣҪ۵ģ
ִۣбԷּ׼ʥҩ˵ҲǱ״ġ
ԣʱīṩһȻڱ֮Уڱ׵飬ӾǿԵġ
ġԺ˵ɣ
ԴˣīҲǿһ߲ŵҩһ߲ǰš·ϣīѾ˺Զֱڣ׼ʥҩ⣬ûκΣ
óīöЩ˼顣·̫ƽˣ
вʱо޴ɹɭҲָޣϵϢжϣĿ¶ɾ磬ɾ࣬żҲֵ顣
Щڼī֮󣬼һӦֱ˱ܣ
ȻûһҪġ
̫ƽˣֱһҩ԰Լ۳ݺᡣ
ѵһԴ飬ûκξģīֹţƷԼĲ롣
ҩͦģ쳣Ƕûκκøпԡԣ·Ҳô̫ƽġ
ֹʮ죬ī·Ѿ֪ԼжԶ
һ·ڲҩȻ󲻶ϵжȹ·һº󣬳īڽ۷壡
ͬʱīֳһԪ񣬼ԦȥͬҩḶ́Ϥܡ
ɾ磬Ԫһ֮£ѾǹȥֵڶԪ״̬ǷԻԪǧȻͬʱӵзǧ
Ȼ״̬ʵһ۷ʿͬʱԦٸѾһ൱˲õˡ
һ죬īǰߵĹУͻȻ䣬ǰһɽİɽһۡ
ǵУȻ̣


1198 ͬĵ
ī˶һ׼ʥҩԶҪе˼顣
һε·ϣȻ̣ҡʲôѵȻ׷ˣīѾǵԼûмĳˡ
׷ˣ˭
۲ֻм䷿ΧŽשߣԴɽУϸĻ׺ԵȽȽĴ̫ˣúԶһ۶ܿ
īʵںĺܣʲô˻ȥ
벢ԶԳīľ磬Ӧգ۾͵óīЩԾǣԽǾۣؼԽؼԽ󣬶ʿӰҲԽһ̶ȣʿֱӱøһ
˵Щϵսоǿսĵطط򣬶źܴĲ֮ͬرٱīС棬νѹƾ磬ʵϾǿһ̶ȵĽ
Щطһ룬ͻһʮԵĸоﲻһԽǽӽԽ
īɵۻʮ·ʱؼѾ޷еĵز
īòӿлȻʹسɴͨһȥΣһ⡣룬ʿ˵ԭûû
īǳ˳飬¶һĨЦȻʵʵһۡ
ʮ·ī˽ʱΪؼԽԽ󣡵󣬳īоԼڱһɽ·
ʵ̫۵ˣҪתͷȥˣ
ڣīɽİɽ۽ߡ۵ģһСԺСԺǽľƵǽԺҲ󣬿ȥʮֹžɡ
Ժӵһھһѷ˵ղұһᣬмֻԺšһֻ󹫼һĶͷ󺹵ĳī۾ƺһĨӡǸ࣡
ԺдһѼܣýסһʮʵĸо
Ѽ£ſڴһҡΣҡǰ棬һľգľϰڷһֻžɵĲ
ⷿӵģһΪһѰյļⷿӵģһۡټؼһеһУһ൱ĸо
գ
ڳīվԺſڣҪѯû˵ʱһֻĸͻȻȥһгҫζ
ֻĸҲŽгɡš
ðɣĸ뷨ǳīϹµģվЩжļȻٸһͬһɽԼһΡ
ʱһϵ𣺡ûԼŽɡ
ī΢΢һ漴¶ϲɫһţ˿û
ī΢΢һȻһơ֨
ȥϾɵľţһɬ죬Ȼ󡪡ûƶ
īʱɴ˫ۣ˼ĿţȻٴþȫһΣīģþȫе
˵һţһ޴ɽ룬־磬ôһơҲֱܸƷˣ
ȻţȻû
͸ŷ죬īԺǼֻȫֹͣ˽Ȼ׷ƫͷһĿ
ֻ۾ȻһĨ֮ͬɫ
走
һֻˣ
һֱѰļ
īʱĸоطֱ̫аˣ
۷徳ʿ֮󣬾ȻһŶƲ⻹
ֶЩʱʵûġǲϵӵдһ㣬㣬ƿţǲܣǣͻȥɡøȥҲû塣
ī΢΢˶Ҫ˵ʲôգʲôû˵ڡֱϥԺſڣȻŷ
ֶЩʱʵûģīüͷζŵ˵仰ĺ塣
ôûãΪʲôûãѵ˵һɾĴʿһ׷ˡһȻԣ仰϶ô͵ġ
ô⻰˼ʲôī˼
Լû뵽ǣһһ£
λ˴ʼնûгֻÿ쵹ǺܻԺҲûīǼֻƺҲԺſǸˡʧȥȤôˡ
Գī˵ûʱȥһôãֻԺ˼ѡ
֮־磬鵱УѾ˽ˡȻԿ֮̽һ
ΪʲôȴƲһȲ飿
Ϊ
Ϊĵĵͬ
ֵطΪԼĵжϣһͨţʵϣšǴ
ĲβȻƲš
Ҳ˵ɾ磬ĵ
ôֻ̤֮ɾ磬Ʋô·ͬһɽô
ԺЩڵļΪǴӳһ̣Ѿ뵽ĵСԣǸоκεѹ
Ҳ˵ͬ£ǲһģ硭ȻҲǲһģ
ЩǳС£һͨˣһҲʮɣԶô˵ǸͨǸĴʿ𣿵Ȼԣ
˵硭Щʱûģ
ؼġĻĵ
飬ͷڳīʶ
Ȼ󣬳īֱӾڽĵ
Ȼվ΢΢һơţˡ


1199 ײ
ԺļֻĸȫĿһɢ˼ᡣֻ۾Ųмһ߰ͷĵĿųīĴӳī·
īǹһۣԼǸֲ塣ȻʲôУֻ󹫼Ҳ
ٿҾ㣡īݺݵĳֻ˵һ䡣
รֱ˸³ʩʩȻ߿ˡ
ӵ߳һϵòƽͷƣ䣬ҲûκϢ¶ųīһЦһ¡ȥɡ˵תݣ۵һŸˡ
ī̲ס˸ۣ˵ôд˵ôҲ֪ϵ϶ôҲǴġ
ʵϣһµԳī˵Ҫƽʱĸջ޴
ˣȻϵȥܲīĬĬˡߵѸǰһĸӣһѸ
ī룬ֽӷȻ󡭡ָ˴ǰĵ
˲䣬һɿֲѹѳīѹֱӹڵϣ
ѪӿǿѹȵѪеĹͷҲڿ֨졣
īҲѾȥǰѸӣ
ǡ
̫ˣ
ûа취
һ򵥵Ķޱȵʹָ࣬о
īȻûκҪıļȻŬȥǰѸӡ
УߺȻڵһվ˫ȻĹâһŵ飬૵Сӷ⡭ôôʶ㣿
ʵϣڳīһ¾ƿţϵʿѾ𺳵Ըˣ
ʱʮʱ䣬Ժſ
ʮųɹվƿš
īֻһ£
ϵʿ־޴ĴܸСһǺյı߳ī㻹ʵһֻ󹫼ںХˡ
Ȼ֪СһǸţѪŲ˼ĳ
߹Ѫ˭ûأԼͬҲѪ߹ĳϸƽҲûȳīȥСеľ콾ҡǸ磬ɲ׻ƴϵʿûΪīԼǿ١
ֻǿ㡭ޣԣޣ
ʤ֮ģ˽֮
īòпʵݺݳϵһơϵʿ˲СĴ̼
ôԸϣҲòֹԣʵ̫ˣ
˶ʮꡭСֻһ£֮Ĳ࣬ѵʮôࣿôܣô˾޵ţ϶Ϲèײӣˣ
ϵʿƽı鱳󣬳̡ԭӦھͽī飬Ҳʱѹ£ֱӰѳīȥ
Ҳٴһ㿴Ц˼˵ţԣڲ֪үүֱӳһ㣡
ô죡
ʲôʱԾͷүȥָ㣬㻹öԵүмүĴܸСһ㰡
ϵʿĥīʵᡣôʵ̫ˣ
ԭܼ򵥣ԺĵĻѣ˵Ǻܼ򵥡Ϊ飬һ׷˵Ӷǲûʲô塣
ʲô𣿾׼𣿻ƿأһʿ˵Щ̫ˣû塣
ô
ϵʿҲڿһЩ֪֮ģУֲ֮ͬײںϣ
νײԭԼĵײĵԼķ򣬶ײķڴСҵǸѵĵ㣬Ĺ
Ȼ󡭡ִںһ𣡱ȫԼĵ
ϵʿ֪ûܳɹʧˡ
˺ܶγԣգֻȻķ
ʧڶĵ̫ˡ˶ʮʱ䣬ĵƿţȴȻû취ԼĵĲ
ִĶԺ䣬˵򵥣̸ףܹһģһںɾޱȻԻͲõΰҵЩĴߣ
ǡʥ˰
ϵʿҲʥζ룡Ϊ룬Ѿû뿪ԶƬɱӿġ⴦ӡ磬ĿľҪƿıϣȡǷݴԵ컯
ⲻ۵Сۣһͨʥ·
ˣˣˣʧˡ
Ǻ䱯һ£
ۿâ貵·ǰߣȴΡǹ
䱯Īڴˡ
վǸҵĻԵϵʿһ˫ۣ͸˷ݵǽڣԺǸƴȥץͷӰϡ¶һĨįЦݣţϱ¶ȻЦݣ૵ʵۿһ꣬ԼǰԼȥ·ȥƷЩˣҲһѡأҲǶѾƸôôΪʲôҪһԼĪԨԴĺ
ϵʿУһĨͨ͸һĻ
ƿţųīıӰιСһȥץǰѸӣ


1200 סˣ
īѾ͸ѪǿƥֲѹӲ֮ʳģеĹͷЩΣȻûѣͨԶһܳܡȻǿʿҲܲˣɱֱӶȥһۣ÷ҲԸʱ޿̵ʹࡣ
˵ʹ໹ҵģ
īûлͷʵϣһ¶ѡ
Ȼ֮ǰѾ뵽ĵУҪںֵȻַϵʿųīıӰ˵
ʶӦһ£ۿһ¡ֳü߷ϵʿ̲סƤĶЩ̫ˣ
ˣΪԼȻ˺ֻƾݺҲеͷ⡣
ϵʿһ˵ûʥˣ¶һ̡
ǰɹ𣿡īһһ٣˵ĺвûκεĳ֮⣬ֻѯʡ
ϵʿʱһ죬ҡҡͷûУûгɹҺôȾߣҺôǲܳɹģ
ôīͬһ·ж޾ʹֻ࣬ͷûԹô֪ɹ
ǰɣ
īϵһڼǣڳܲѹһĹ
ϵʿ̲ס죬ΪīоۣȰСһҳϣȵүˡȵȵȣ̸̸
īȴҡҡͷϵʿϣȻ¶һĨЦݣеľ޴ʹ࣬ͷԴ˿ѵ£ǰʵطҵĻԵ
ϵʿʱһҲ¶֮ɫô֪
ǰˣȻǰģȻҵģī˵ţȥץֻӡ
ǰɣ
һڼѣ
ˣǻͨˣֱӾͷˣ
ⱲӶûа취վˡ
ǿʿ˵Ҳһ־޴ʹĥ
ǶŷʹʹĵīԼȥ󡱳ʹˣ̫СᱻΪ⡣
īһȻŬ
ؼǣī֣ϵʿûκϣģ
ϵʿ֪ܶ飬ûܳɹ
³īһҲ
ĻԵҲҪͼ֮ſԣôǿģϵʿ˵ﻰһԨԴĺԼŪˡ
ȻԹҲʧˣЩϵʿ׮ԵЩĵõġҲεԼ֤óһִۣĶײɻǵ𡭡׼ʥܳɹ
ΪҪֲͬĵײһôȣҪֵ²У
ɽһֵ£ƾʥ˶ô˵棬̫ϣ˭ܽǧ£
Ȼⲻǧֻ֡ϵʿ磬ĺܣһֵļ£ǧļ¡ʵ𲢲ˣ
ϵľϣһ仰Уһһ
ʼҪǸһԺ
ԣһʿһִ˼˾ͷôͨǧҲͲԶˣ
Ǹʱ򣬻õȥֵ໥ײȥײ֮Ľ
ȻѾˣ
Ҳ˵ҲãĿǰĳīҲã־֮£Ҫֵײǲܳɹġ
νΪϵʿ֪ûоԵ飬ԣŽģüݡʵǲΪһġ
Ǹ׮Ե״ʲô˼й²⣡
վǲ²Ϊ׮ԵöīҲˡ
ֻҪܹɹֵײһȻںϣôδ·ȫһ
ж಻һϵʿľ綼벻ȴ֪һɹһޱȻԻͲõδ
ͣ£ô˵ʧܹվЩ飬ҰЩ˵Ȼ١ףϵʿ˵ţ۾Ȼɴ¶޾Ĳ˼֮ɫŵϴѾ̫ûʧ̬ˣһϷɹɵķһг𺳡𾪺Ͳ˼顣
ҿʲôϵʿ˶ͬʯĿųī
׼ȷ˵ǿųīֻѪģ֡ǱѹѾЩƲ֣Ȼס˸ͷĥùľ
ʱī壬ҲѾȫˣ
һĺڳīѰ˸ϵʿĶУȴͬһ㣡

ϵʿһѪɲǼסԼʶȻȻĿųī
Сӡôģ
ǣɹˣĳɹˣ
ϵʿԼô飬һ˲䣬׶ҡˣ
Ե֪ˣ
Ͳܣ
ôģ
ϵʿɵסˡ


1201 
£ϸϵʿôԼ࣬ҲԽ
īһֵС׻ƴĵҲǵõƬϿɵһֵ
λģʵһֵһءĵֵʥ֮
ϵʿ޵ĵȻԼĵȥʥ֮໥ײӡ֤ںϡҪǿôҲֻһ֣
ĵͳī׻ƴĵûֱӹϵҲãīҲãԼĵλʥ֮ȫֵͬ
ǸϵĲͬ
ããУиָ壬ܹչȫͬһ
ҪʿָشĵһַչеĵںһôֻǱһҵĴսһ𣬻ܾˡ
ΪʿԶԼ߻еˣҲԶŶɾͿԳ
һڶ⣬һڡìܶ·ôܻںϣ
ôͣЩǣǿΪ漰˵򣬳ߴڣûܾĽ͵塣
ϵʿԶ׻ƴʵҲҪԼУȥӡ֤׻ƴĵȻһٳʥ˾硣
գʧˡӡ֤ĵһ
ǧܹרһ֣Ѿһ˲ĳɾˡ
λʥˣĵ˳īϵʿ֪ʥ˭Ҳܲµһλ˼ĲΪܹɹΪλʥʵɣ
Ѳƶ
²е㸹̵ζƺʥ˲𾴣Ҳĵȷȷϵʿڳīס⸫ǰʵ뷨
ڡϵʿ𺳵ü˵ڷˣλʥˣ
ʥ֮Ī⣡
Ȼֻ벽ʵȴǲͲΣ
ʥ֮ģȻá²͸
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ȫͬĴڽżҵײ
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ǵĶԺ䣡
飡
īѪѪУγһȥޱȾӨ貣ŴĹԣ
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׼ʥģһ̡Щˣ
ּ֮ģɶƵĴǶؼ䡭Ϊ콾ȫܿƵļʣ
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Ψ⣬ûôԣϵ⣬ʼһŵϵ䡣·Ѹٵĸһ㣬⣬ֱӵȥ
ЩûȫأͻľʧڿС
Ǹ߽ʿԶϱڣ
ȫµÿһѾ޾ľ
ֻҪ˺Դô޾ϱɳôֻʣһͷ­ȻͨǿΪͨľ¹ܳǵ壡
󣬳īϣֻʣһ߹Ǽܣ˿̵еĴãΨĲ֮ͬڡīĹǼ֮ϣžӨѪѪȥ̫棬˸Խֳ
ѪӨ׵ĹǼϣϵţеĵ̨תѪķԴأ̨֮ϣտҲԭŵĵڶԪСˣѾԪһ֮ʣͽ뵽˳īͷǹµ̨С
òһĵطǳīĹǼܣ
֮ǰϵļǣڴĺײУֱӱӺˡ
ֵڳīֺ͸֮伤ҵײȻ󲻶ϵĳī嵱С
еĴȫ۵СԺУûдȥһ㣬Ȼ·ϵ飬Ҫ꣡
īͱƣһҲֳһ¡
еĵ̨Ѿ׻ˡ
ɾ֫ٺȫ£ǵ̨ÿ̨УдϢת
ϵʿ˿̸۾һۣһᱻ𾪵Ըӣ
ΪīȻˡһһ
īĵλʥ˵ĵһµײӡ֤ںϣΨҾ׺֮£ڴ˵ֵȻ󡭡
ԣī嵱Уÿһе̨ÿһ̨֮ϣһȫͬĵת
һޱµľ磬ûɹ
īӦǵһ
ں֮ΨҾȻΨҾ
ȴˣ


1202 ɵ
һ̣īԺУͻȻһ棬Ƿ·һޱȺ磬޽
ɽ׳ɽִϢӴ֮ϣ𣬳޾񷡣һֺĴ֮ϵоַ·ڱۡ
·һ磬еһУȥʵĲ˼顣
أ
һֻ޴ޱȵƣԽǺӣַ·Խ£ʱĳָʡȻ֣ݺݵī
ֻƳֵ̫ͻأҲ̫ˣ
ƴ󵽲˼飬޾ǳ˵ͬһ㣬һɲǣ֪жٿǳ׷ѣǱϴŵɡ
ַֻ·൱һֺƥĴһִļ
ֻͻȻĹƣīû취κηӦ
֮£̫Сˣ
һ̣ī˿־壬Ҳ־壡
ʱһɲǣǳ׵ͣˡ
īоԼĵԼһУƺҷ
ָоһ̡ҪɢСȥһĨִû취¡
ƫƫģȻֽѵĸо
ܲԣ
û˻ǰʣһִκˡǣҺִš
ǳīĵֻƴĵǰڱѹĵλ
˵֮ģκ˼
ʱУֱһߣһԶշɹٶȿ쵽˼飬īȫȥκϢֻֻһȻɿ˻ȥ
ţֵֻķ׷˹ȥ
䣡
īоǰһڣǸµ磬˲顣
˹
Ȼ֣Ȼֻһվǡ
ոһУһƻλá
ī֪ǿ϶Σ
ڸոգںִڴһ˲䣬ĳڸӦˣֱӶˣ
Ȼһڣֻ
īһ뵽Լ֮ǰڼмĸʱᵽԤԡ뵽ոյĻ棬īѾ뵽һЩǰˡ
ܷŭֲŭµͷֱ׵Ժȥˡ
ȥ룡
Ϊȥ룡
īһһԼ塣
ϣ֪ʲôʱѾ⡣ȫµÿһ磬Ŀֲ
·ֻҪһͷĻأ
ֱֲ̫ˡԼЩŵˡ
Ȼ󣬳īһǰѸӣǰлл
ţīһľͷӣžһľͷϣ¶һ˿Цݡ
ڣ̨еֵ̫ˣҪҪϵĥ
ԣīʼģ
ž
ž
ž
ÿһӣµɡĲ룬Сһ
ֺܰ𪣬Ө͸ȥûһ覴ãͬӨ͸ɢһɵԡ
ǣľ磬ûκεı仯Ȼͣ۷
ſһϵʿԣֶЩʱʵûκġ
ͷһſڵϵʿīȻЦ̧һָһָ磬ײϵʿ塣
ϵʿ͵һȻ˳׻ָųī͸һԵĸӡãһ̾ɹˡ
ī΢΢һЦɹôҲ֪
СӣעҪ̤޾Ի֮·ˣͲҪôƨˡϵʿ˸ۣˣǶ˵ѾûˡҺȾƣ
ī룬ͷֽͷ¡
ϵʿȻ㻹𣿡
īһ֣ͷһЦҪٰ𣿡
ϵʿǳ˳飬ҡҡͷˡ
ī¸ͷߵϵʿǰʩ񣺡лǰ㻯֮
ˣûҲһɹϵʿһӵ˵ԣлҡ
īȻȥȻһ񣺡ллģ
ϵʿȻһֱĿųī۾һգգ㡭֪ˣ
īöŵȡЩһЦ֪һ㣬ҪǰٸҺúý
šϵʿͷεø˹һ㰮֪پ֪٣һϵҲûС£ʲô֪ҪôҺȾƣҪôϽ
ʱǱ߼УֻԴ˳̽ͷ̽ԵĿųī
īһָǹҪǰ¾ưɣôʡӦùǳˡ
ಣ
ֻ˲ͰԴ˻ȥ
ϵʿ̲סĵĴЦСӣ֪֪ôү۸ʲôӣû뵽µˣ
дһܻϼһٸҺ˵˵үͷκĸһ
īͷߣһĿϵʿΪ⣿ˣ
ϵʿ̾˿ĸ͸ɻˡ


1203 
īƲƲ죺ðɣԼǿԳԿȸ˵ţֱһֻ޴ޱȵĿȸ
ϵʿĿĿųī
ôʿԻȣǿϧˡԼԡīû˵꣬еĿȸֱӱϵʿߡ
˭˵ʿԻȵģ㲻ǵʿϵʿЦųīץֻȸ֡
ʿ
ǵŵţǵʿϵʿһ˫۵ɵøͭƵģųī
ðɺðɣôԣīЦĵ
Ȼǿųԣϵʿֱſȸһֱ̧֣ӽСһɴСϵǿھߣʼѳīһһ㶵ġΪϵʿַרҵĺܣƽʱûٸ¶
Ҹ˵СӣζȲȸһ⣬ȴƼеļƷϧǣ򣬸ҳԿȸ˲ࡣϵʿһĴţһϵӣһ˵֪֪ȸһ壬׻ƴ壿ʵǴǨһ֧׻ƴ򡣡
ŶīϵʿԸоϵʿл
ϵʿ˵ȸһ棬ǴˣѵͲպⱨ𣿡
ҲͦġīЦЦȻô˶ҳ֣޹˼ɡǶ£ʲô
ϵʿһ漴Ц˵úá

һ嫵ľ޴Уһŵڲ֮С
ŵȫɣɢűϢبǣ·ų档
ŵ̫ˣһ֮ǣ
ɭ䡢ֺ꣬ǳΧŵЩǳһ㣬԰չţеȻ
̫Ĺԣղŵ
ŵһУһ
ӿһŹԵС
ǰڷһ㰸㰸ϵ¯ȼ֧㡣
Ǹյȼģʵϣ֧㣬Ѿȼټʮˡ
鲻㲻񲻱
ʱһֻ֣ͻȻѿһ޴ѺۣšѺ۵УȻһ˿ġͬѪһĶ
ţȻķѣ
޴죬ֱӾŵ
߰˵Ӱ˲УĿɿڴĿһĻһȺϳϢߣ֪˶ˡ
Ǵ˿̣ȫˣվһãȻгš
㡭ȼšһߣȻ俪˵ɬϣ궼ûп˵ˡ
һ˿
˵ϣҲ¶Ȼ֮ɫһصǵȻ޾֮ɫǸԾޱȸȻû취ϵ׷ʲô顣
˵񣬾ܳ⣬Ƿʲô¡
ʱһּʣͻȻС
߰˸߿ּ֮ȫ׷׹ڵأӭ淨ּ
ּϴ¡¡ֻж̶߸֡
ǡ
˵Ѿ㹻ˣ
ŵһģڷ£ţǵּʧ
Ⱥеĵûˣȴóɻȫһߡ
룬˵ڽһ񣬴š
һԾĴ£Ϣıѹ

īϵʿſȸᣬϵʿóľ˵мơ
һʼīһ㣬ȴû뵽ϵʿڴڵȥǿȸ⻯һŵľֱӿԱζޱȡûܾסʳջ
īҲᵱУá
ϵʿֹ㾳ͣô࣬ıŵ
īĻ죺ô󣬵ĳԶ˲
һֻ޴ޱȵĿȸУܿʣһˡ
໥ŭӣ˭Ҳǫá
ϵʿСƨϣ
ī˼Ҫװ
˵ţͬʱץȸʣǿ⡣
ϵʿ任һٶַޱȣѸƥ׼ǿ⣬һȥȻĿųīСӣ㻹ۣ
ī̲ס˸ۣʵϣҲȥϾǷϵʿء
ȻҲΪԳˡ
˿ʼ
ϵʿҲûк˵Ƶȷܺúȣᣬû˿һȥͻεĸоʵ̫ˣ
Сӣ˵ƾ棬ҲƶѰ˸ͺȲáϵʿ˸Ƹۿųī˵
īЦЦȸҲ
ϵʿͷǵǣСȸ˵㣬Ҫ𼶻ʥ˼ľͺˣóԡ
ī۾һֿȸ
ϵʿһʲô
Ժǳ԰īӦ˵Ըֲˡ
ϵʿǳ鴤˼£ųīСгһ򣬿ֻǵĻ󡣡
ӣīһϵʿ
ϵʿǺһЦ£žƺ«һһڵĺţ廳ʲô


1204 λ
īֱӺˡ
һѾǵڶϡ
īЩãȻĿһΧĳ
Ѽܲˣ᲻ˣѺǿھǰѸӡȫˣҲˡֻʣ³īµһҡΡ
ѾһƬɽȫûʲôͬĵûвһĳ
еһУһλá
Ǻƥİīһεĸо
̧ͷȥ֮ǰһĵطһ޴ʯʯģеֻ
īȻʧЦ֪ϵʿһЦ
ʯϣ仰ī˳˼С
꣬ɴʥճɿաʥ̤澳֣̿Ψгɾ̫λңС
仰īƺԼԼϵʿҹȶ˵ʱƺ˵⼸仰
ϵʿҲȶˣƺ˵˲ٵĻ˿̻īȻȫǵˡǿʯϿŵ仰벻ϵʿ˵ⷬ
ǿĲ֪̫鰡ī̾ϢһȻվפͣһᣬתȥˡ
ˣīѾȫˣ⴦ۣλĸ׳ΪʮʥԼĻԵ
λΪǰŵϵʿΪʲôô꣬īĲö֪·֮һ׮ԵҪȡȴûгɹ
ǵϵʿϺȶ˺߶߶ţ
īЩȷţɴЦһ¡ΪʲôʵѾôҪˡ
׮ԵѾˣϵʿҲûп͹ˡ
Щ飬ͲҪȥˣΪŪ׵飬ֺֹôһ׮ȥˣ
ĸ׵ʮ壬λʥˣīĴ޴мȻִĶײУˣվǳɹˣ
ʥ֮Դ⣬޴ƶϡϵʿ֮ǰµġʲôʵ֮ģ޻̸֮
־磬¶ʮͨ͸Ҫʵ飬Ҳѡīָž޴ˡ
ԣ뻳ɣλʥīĻԵ
īһָоʱ뿪·
ָо·ֻҪͷһ˲ͿԴȥƺҪҲʱٽ
óīԼЩͷԡ
ڵʲô磿۷ôǿ۷壿īֹš
·֮Ų˭̸·
ҲֻеϾִڣſɣ
ԼΪʲôҲأ
Ϊ֤һԼеĲ²⣬īһһɰĿռ˲佫ΧסȻ󡭡ɲǼ䣬ǰһ䡣ǹϤĸо
磡
һ֮䣬Ѿص磡
ţīһ壬ֻصԭء
ֻһһأ˴Լʮ֮һҪ֪ڵĳīһԶһܱȵġ¾ǵ֮УҲûмǿˡ
ⷬ컯޹أȴԽ˾硣
һмûīһĨĮȻ֮ɫ˳㣬һڵս׵һľ磡
˵ţīΣȻʧԭء
سɴ磬һǧ

һֱڻֵ״̬ܷŭеطΧڣѾв鱻ֱɱڹȥǴûй顣ˣϣΧȫʼӴܣΪ֪ʲôʱ˾ͻήٵͷ
ҩΪƽҳϵĸһֶΡ
֪ȻһҩģɳķʽȴҪͨӶҩĵľɵġһֱ÷ǳأҲСġ
ȥЩ̫ǿ̫ҩģġʳ϶ЩĴҩ
Ӫḻ޺󻼡
һ˵ǧһĴҩԱ֤Ļ·ϡ
С£Լȥ֡һԵеۣ׼ʥҩȻȥԣ޹⣻һ棬ԼĶֵĻ¶ĿҲܴ
·ƺ̫ƽʵͬŸΣ
ԽԽһЩǿ̾ᡣ
һܱ¶ȥôĺӿܾ͵ͷˣ
кܶвǰɱ
ˣĻΧҲһֱ·һͷǿ٣ȽϰȫϻлƽСæǰæһֱ÷ǳ⡣
ƽҩڸıӻ£ҲĳԣֱǵӦ֡
ڻƽ˸ץˣ
һСӣˣ
øŭɶҪҵǸ࣬ȳԼĸɶӡ
Ǹ࣬ʧӰ٣Ѱ˺ܶ죬ûһǸСӿȥۡһӾˡۣҿ
ЩһֱǻڰȫΧ֮ڣĿǵ۵ķڵȣǸ˳
ȵˣ
˸׺ݵĹâ俴ǵԽԽӰ޲Ͼͳ֣һצ
øЩȵǣǸǿϡȻҲ¶˷ܵЦݣ
˲䱩ŭƾʲô


1205 
Ӧ˷ܲǣƾʲôҲôģҡ㲻Ӧƨת
еԼϱַˣСһݺݵĽѵ
ϴˣοߣһֱīѻƽ
īŸ꣬˵̧־һȭ
飡
һȭȥʩչűϵȫ׵Ĳͬˣ
Ҳīʲôֻһȭͽ׺׼ʥҩɵֱӴɳȥ
зһİһֻǰצֱӱˣ
ͷȫѣѪҺһǿķֱӸա
һӾˣ¶ŵɫȻֻһ׼ʥҩûͬʿǿսսȴҲѾӽԶŵꡣ
۷ǰʮа˾ŶҪܣ
ǰһʱ仹ȫԼֵСӣôô̵ʱӵ˿µս
㶯һ㾫ǰצָһαֲ׼ʥѹ˳ī
īһȣӰһһӾͳ˸ĶƤ棬ûֳīѾ£оӴһ޷ܵľʹ·ԷһȭĶӸ˸Դһ㣡
ٴαɣ
¸ڻˣе˿־壡
һˣǰĲྐྵȻ֮
ϴŪһ˵ʵѾøоĿֲΪǾ߷Ȼ޷ӳرǿս̫ǿˣ껹Ҫǿ
žһҪСӸˣȻٽǵƬ֮£ֲﱾߣߣߡģߣӵűȾ޸ǿսȴû˵ĸо
һԣ
ҲгһգֱӳʱƬ磬嵽һε·֮ϡʱľ磬ȫֱӳ忪·ıϣ硣
ʱ򣬾ǺƾԾɣ
Ƭ֮£ûʲô赲ģ
̴ĺܺãԼΪģ
гһգˣŻƽҲŪһ壬ݺ䣬񲻿գ
ȫû뵽ǣ࣬ô̵ʱȻǿֵزս
תܣ
򲻹ܣûʲô˵ģ˵ֲˣЩ࣬һ־޴в
ôѸɶӻƽȳʱҲòԼҪ
һս֮£īѾȫսһХŸֱ׷˹ȥ
ߣ°ɣҵ磬ȱִҩأ
䣡
īֱӾһƣǵأѹꡣ
귢һŭţҧīơ
СӣΪôץģ
ҲŭˣЩۡ
ǣԷûջֻƣ͹
ɱ׹⣬ҧײҧ
꣡
ݺһҧȥоԼҧһ棬ֱӱڵݡ
Ѫ˲˸ǻǲǳīѪԼģ
ī˲䴩͸˸ãȻݺݵһ
ҹ
Ҳˣƴ׼ʥҩϢױִķըһΣյϢ֮
ޱ͵׼ʥҩȻҪԱҲ뱻īܣ
īһһֻȭӡŸԴϺݺ˹ȥʵ㣡
飡
һȭֱҵøһٴκݺҧīĸ첲ݶѾûˣҧ棬ʲôö𲻵ŤҪٴոճīһȭֱӽԱϡ
߸ոǱ߳īһȭҹʵˣ
飡
ԴֱӱƣѪʳ
ЩȫǸľҺīһ㶼˷ѣû¯סЩѪҺ
Ȼ
īҲ˵ֻһȭһȭĲԴ
ҲǸڡ
һϰȭԽԽᣬ󣬸ɴཫ嶼˳īϣҲˣƺˡ
īȻܲ˵ģһȭһȭҹȥ
ÿһȭȥܴƬ׼ʥҩҺ
¯һ˷ܵԼѾǵжûеõôƷҩҺˡ
Ϊ׼ʥҩҾͻŹ㣿Ҿͻ׷ңˣĴҩүĿռ꣡Ժ󻹻и࣡㲻Ա𣿲ôǾĸԱˣҲͨôүͳȫ㣡ȴ㣬Ȼĸ
īһѰѵֱӴڸϡ
£ڸϵ˿־壬Ȼ֪Ⲣı壬֪иڱĵط
ֲ̫ˣ
Ϊĸ޷ƶģ
һҵʱ֣֮
ˡңҷˣˡķڷԸΪū͡ôôҾԹԣڿġ


1206 
īڸ꿪ֺ֮ݺ˺üȭִ׼ʥҩľҺ֡
һίᣬӹ񣬵֪飬øͲӦֲн죬ΪֱһħԼҲôõģΪմմϲ
ֱ죬࣬ףԼ̫ˣԼ۸۸ϵ飬ǧһҩˣʲôħֱһĺҩ࡭Ķħ
ѾͶˣΪʲôңί
˵ԱԱͶͶôõ飿īЦŸ꣺ڶ⼸ȭΪ㳤ԣ֪ʲô˸ǣʲô˲ǡ
һߣֻﵽɢ˷Ϣĵ¯ĵƨԣռһ㾫Һ
⻰Ĳ˵ˣΪһ˵ڣ»ðᡣ˰ۼ£ҪʧĶǾҺѾߵ˼£Լʧ¼궼óԶٵĴҩ
ķˣīĿȻĸ꣺ԸΪҵūͣã㷢İɣ֮󣬴ȥı壡
֪ұ𣿡һĨ಻֪ʲôطĻɱ׼ʥҩȻҪһɼСʿֱûбˣ
ʱͻȻһͷʿȻֻһɣ⡭ôܣ
ʱ򣬳ī˸ʱ򣬻Ҵܺãҳȫ㣬ͷĸһˣһ¯ҩ׼ʥҩĴҩһһһʾƸ
Ȼһ£ֳ붼롣ɾʿֱֲ̫ˣҲ̫ˡͲκβ۵Ļᰡ
ǿԼ侲뵽ȻԷܹƶ˵иҲ˵˶ʮ˽⡣˵֪ԼĸĶ
ҪҪģ
һ˿ԥ
ʱֲ࣬Ȼһεģȭͷ
ҷģҷģˣˣ
Ҷģ
Ϊεĸɶӻƽ֪ʵϸСӾȻһƶ˵££ȫʧȥ˶Ĳ
ǸϿ죬Ҹʱ䡣ī˵
֮ǰܲܣܲһ⣿СĿųī
ɱ㡣ī˵
곤һʵľõ˿϶Ļش֮󣬲֪ΪΣоȻһ˿ϲ̲סԼ
̫ôˣ
һ㣬Ҳܺùҷѽ
ΪֲеĶ̳Ѿ޾ƾõ£һ㶼룬ܹԶĻȥء
󣬸Աģ׷īԶᱳѡ
īŽĮȻָһԼ
ʱҲѾˣʼܵؾϵĲԼ֮ǰ̫ˣҪָ۷״̬Ҫܶꡣ
īüӲֱӳһĴҩ
һ͵ĽסЩŤĵҡҡ
֪㿿ⶫɳװˡúøߣԺеǴҩԣ˵Ūҩ㵱ʳءī˵
ģ¶ϲ֮ɫȫɳīǷЦ׼ʥҩǶ֣ҩƨѽ
Ȼġī˵
ϲڽսսĵҩˣоֱðҲȷҩе࣬һı죬ֻ˺̵ܶʱ䣬ͽҩ߰˰ˡ
ȻӵĿųīˣ߰ɣҴȥҵı壡
īֱ˸ϣ΢΢һЦˡ
ֱڿնпȻ߷ɱʵ˻ͷǲҪ뿪·磿
šīһ
̫ˣڿ뿪طˣ硭үŴЦ
īһڸͷϣȵ㣡
ίĵ˼ֻǿ
ī̲ס˸ۣԺҲκԼʵǿһͰԼ̻ˣʱϣûиܵļ
˵ǿֺõһֶΣ
ţԣȤ޹ء
ī˼ţķš
ʱ䣬ѾųīԾ൱Զľ롣һѾΪԼūͣīеҪǲֶʲô˼ˡ
ڣųī뵽һƬС
һĴ


1207 ֲĺ
̫Ӵˣһ۶ͷ
㾹ȻѱֵطīƬ޴вʱһֲϢ̲סЩȡ
룬Լı壬ƬǿС
ʱһԹĿųīһ仰˵뾲үҪ֪㲻֪㰡
ڣ˵ʲôˣСһˡڸҲðοԼڳīߣʵҲкôٿ뿪һ·ô궼ûжΪûĴƬ򣬽뵽һ·Сһ棬ʱѡЭīԻɱĸƬҪָҲҪܶС
ˣ
͵һ˵ľɣ
겻ϵİοԼһƽ
ųīСĴڸ·ǿ鵱С
Ƭܾӵĸǿ飬ƺܵ͵ȻԵϢͷųֵƮɢڿСųīУȴûκðͷֹǡ
īЩ֣ʵƬе飬ѵ໥ô
شᣬѾ̫꣬ϰ˱˴˵Ĵڣ໥
ġҲûʲôӦīʵ
һЦΪ֪һˡ
ţī΢΢һ
һ±ȽϳǿǳɳģǵĳɳУָΣաܰæʱһְһǡˣǶȽҡ
īЩŵĶŸĺף˵һԵҩΪʳ׺׼ʥҩôģ
ţ˵ĿɶġƺӦ˳īĿעӣ˵ԴҩΪʳҵԣЩʳޣȡΪʳһⶼԵһ֣ԺöǸԣҲҵȥ顣
ǿ㱻᲻īʵ
ЦǶѾɳ÷ǳǿ󣬵˵ʵǲĶ֡Ϊ·Ĺƣ޷̤𾳽硣˵֮µ飬ôĶ֣
ȻڹάͦϲġīһЦ
ʵϣڵսжǿԼ
ҩļվļ𡣾·ϣ޷𾳽飬ȴԳҩԳ׼ʥҩ
ֻóս׺ޱȵ׼ʥҩվен磬ҲҲٸĴڡ
ųī뵽ƬУ˲мǧһƬĴǰͣס˽Ų
ˡ˵Ѿкܶûлصطˡ
˵䣬꿪ʼʩԼı塣
һӴֲ˳ƬУһð
ֲﾹȻɸߣ£ĿĹ⻪ʲôɫġ
ˮǳ⣬Ѱ޷档Ǵ޽ǸʿȥҲ˲仯һ߰׹ǡīţȻһŽǰһʯ߽ȥ
ˣ
ʯ䵽ˮУϸߵһƬˮȻ󡭡˵һĻˡ
൱صľʯˮУˮӴĵطȻͿʼٵֻ߽һɲǣʯȫʧˣ
īȷʯûʣһۼˮֱӸʴûˣ
ˮī˵ţߣ֣Ҫˮ̽ȥ
걻һʲô
ԣˮĸʴжǿī˵ţһָȥ
ޱǿᣬںֵڿٳ֮󣬸ǿս¾֮Ҳδرȳīڵǿ١
īָˮеһ˲䣬͸оһ΢΢Ĵʹָϴһǿĸʴ˲佫ָΧסƴ˺ָϵһ
ī΢΢һ̲סָ̾ʴ֮¾ɣ޷ܡ
޽ɵȥ˲׹ǣȻܿʬ޴棻ɾȥʱȻʱ΢һ㣬ҲɣˮӦɱɣȴˡ
īͷȻ룬â˸ȻһָȻֱӽˮ뵽ԼĲ統У
еѾܴ󣬳īһͷֱڲпһ
һԿĿɿڴģȻ֪ʿдִָռͬҲУÿռ䷨Ĵ洢Ʒķѣûʲôġ
û˵˾Ȼӵִռ䡭īˮļƣҪȡߴĺˮĴռж
걻ˣһ˵ǿᾳĴܣǵĴռ䣬ѰĿռ䣬һС磡Сл棡
ѵԼе㸹ڵˣҲһС磿
ʱΪī˲֮ϵͻȻܵ˻ƽϢ
һǿҵ
ţ
ûбӡ
һϲĿųī
īȻ˵꣬˵Ҫܰһı壬ǲǿȻȻû˵ָоıˮУӦкôġ
һɵɵĿһƬһͷĴȻ󿴿īģ


1208 
īͷȻ㿴ˮȿıһõİ֮ܵ˵ͷǰԼĵϣ½շȻúˮԼأɶ״ɣ
еҵĵɴ鿴ųī૵ˮôôã
򵥣Ǹ˾뵽ɣīЩĿ
Ҳˡһơ
ȻĿˮԽԽСʱ򣬸ıҲѾٻʼһСССһ߶ߣ˸ֲ
ɵһϲӳīĲд
ʱҩƽҲѾܵ˸Ϣ̲סϲĴ󺰵ɵǲѾɷǸСˣ
һΣСĿɫƽĳīȻûĵ˵ʲôأɵֳӹ׿ѾˡԺӾү
ޱ˷ܵĻƽֱɵˣ
ǱߵķӶ̲סֻЦ࣬ʮֶȴøˣתͷ̲ס̵ӣʲôЦģһȥ·ͷΪʲô뿪·
ī΢΢һüңһĵѵӵҲһ·ϵģ
ڲ˵·һͷͬû취뿪
Ϊʲôǵ𾳽磬ͿǶ·ôЩ⡣
˵ҲôΪģҸŷһ뿪·Ϊ԰·Ǳ߲ŷ֣ܹ·ģΨ𣬾޶С˹һֱûܳǶ·
˹ˣУż˸С
ǰþҺΪվûӹ¡˵
īһĺˮһŷӺ͸֮ĶԻҲĸо档·֮䣬ҲŲٹµء
ʱī͵˹·δ֮ǰɵһֻһмΪ𡣹ı֮ǧŻصͷһֱΪѾ뿪·ȥ׷ѰߵĴȴѾ·ˡ
īʵ·ԭģ԰ɣ
ͷһ·Ϊǳ֮·ʵûôţ٣·ϳΪȷкܶࡣ
ʲôʱϿģīʵ
ʮǰһս˵·д˻֣һսܻ᳹׻·
ʮǰ
īһ̾ӽһԪǰһս׻ƴӰ죬൱ġ
īɣ׻ƴعı䣬ǱӡΪ⵽ԵƻعҲ֮ıˡҲֻĲ²ˣϾԽǸڵֶΣȥ
īʱյٶеһֱӽĿڿøм
һ£ǰĺˮ˲γһ޴У嫵ˮһֱӹ뵽ȥ
ǴĿţ˵ʲô̫ˣ
˼ĵҲûȾֶΡӲҪһһᵽһȥ̫ˡ˵˷ӶĺˮԳī˵̫ġؼ֮ڲϡ
ַѰ
꾪̾Ҳ֮ǰһֱ·ϣҲ𾳽Ĵʿ˵ָǿߣӵСķ档һīľ磬ž޴ĲࣻЩеС編Ҳû취װһ
ȷ̫ˣīƴգҲµʱ䣬Žĺˮһ룡
ʱ統УѾһƬ
ǲһƬˡ
īЩδͣ£˵ȡҲҪиȣˮվ·ĲȫҲáʹһɣ
Ѿ𺳵Щľˣ˳īĻ̲ס˸ۣϱ㻹̬ģֻʥִˡ𡭡¶ôĺˮ
ʥô
īҡҡͷȻ󽫸ı壬뵽УƬˮС
󣬳īٴιͨһ
ܸӰ죬ڴӦ˳īϡУ޶ȵϳīȻ޶ʵҪī˼ˡ
ǱҩƽԼĸɵѡ׷īȻҲʵһһүеóīһ
󣬸ųīȻ뿪ƬƬеЩǿǣ֪жǵ׼ʥҩѾԶ뿪ˡ
øǸôīʵ
ˣĺܺãҪǽ磬ӱɱˡҪ뿪ˣҲЩ䡣
Ǻðɣ߰ɣī˵ţԦŸֱ꣬뿪
һ·۵糸ǻص·ĳʼ
ǰƬ磬ʵʵ˵һȥǿռжŰɡ


1209 ս޾
īƬгһۿϥǵ޾
޾Ҳ˳īУƵ֮ɫȻһֱţǹŭ𽥽ƽϢ֮沢Ϊīе֮ԵȣֻһĨִˡ
κһˣ֪׷׷ľԶԼ£¶
򵥵ֱǱѰһԵȻɽ뿪ԺԶٴ̤뵽·ϡ
޾棬ðԼɳī϶Ҳ
û뵽īȻĻˡ޾īȻ綼û۷Ϣ
ò˵ĵЩҵ󡣡޾Ŀųī˵㣬ҿ϶
ϧ㲻ҡīƽĿ޾
Լֲñˡ޾˵ţֱӾͳˡ
־磬ԳīһɣҲʵûʲô˵ģֱӳѹˣ
䣡
޾һīֱӣҴֱ
īһ䣬̧־һȭĵ̨Ȼһı졣
嫵Ȼ
޾򶼱һʲôʱɶôˣ
룬һƣȥУ¶һĨ֮ɫɵе࣬ΣҪѹ㣬˭Ȼ
¡¡
īһȭֱӺ޾ϣɷľƣڳīһȭ֮£Ȼɢ
޾һ˼Ŀųīô˴ԡһɵǵǸ߽׵
ôϻīһһȭֱӺ
޾ųһĨ貾⣬֪ˣСһε·֮ϣ϶ĻԵ
һǿҵļʺ̰޾б־ʿе̰Ҫõģͻȫȥ
䣡
˽սĵطٴαһɺƵնЩƬվҪ
īڸܵԼǹɺƥжǿս˲㡣Ҫս޾׼
޾ҲѾ϶ī϶ǵõĿֲԵݻԵ
ҪīֱӸ˵˵ԵõĻԵ
˫ӵֱӴգԽԽߣ뵽֮ϡ
һսֱչ
īŴ֮ǰΪ粻㣬ԽЩӳӦе
ڣٴʩչЩʱȴҪӦֵö࣡
飡
Уٴδһ졣
޾ԭûī˼
޾ϣȴ˿Ц⣬ޱصĿųīѾٽīһͨˡ·֮ϣЩ۷徳ĵҲܸôʱ仹Ȼ
Сӣǿ޾˵
˵ī޾ϻֻһͷս
īһѪױȫ¶˱ըһǿնԳܡ
޾·֮Ҳǰ׽еģսͬǿƥ׼Ȼкܴ࣬ȴԶԶĳԽѰĵԣ޾ھ֮Ҳ˳īսǿʵٴҲԼȫ
һīڿʼֳһЩ㡣
˫ľϣվž޴Ĳࡣ
ĳīе࣬ĵ¶Ҫ¡սģһ׼𰡣
¡¡
īɳȥһ˿ѪЦвСĲࡣ
Ǳߵ޾ȴֿҪ˵ĸоһɰұƳȻһӣ
˫ٴδս˼ٸغϣī·磬Ȼǿڳš
׼սĻᣬ̫ˡܴеõս顣īŹôõĻᡣ
޾Ź
ʲôʱֿµˣīϵĸֱһӵܵıˣ
ϣ
īȡ߱죬˳˴ĺˮֱ꣬ӽ޾ϡ
޾һһмĿųīô
ǵֱӱˮǿƥĸʴһЩˮ䵽⧲޾ϣʱ޾ϴŵһ¸ʴá
Ǻˮ䵽ϵ˿˿ʹ޾ʱŭɶĿųīС
īһЦɱѽ
̧־һ
ոռˮΪһڳƵʱ䣡
īһĶ
ȫͬ׻ƴġһֵ
Ȼһն޾ֱӴһľ磬Ȼֿīһ켣ĸо
·һȣαˣ
׼𣬱ɾĳīˣӲһ
īһôöģ
վɨ޾ļͷһѪ⣬˳޾ͷȻ֡
׼𾳽Ĵڣīһˡ
Ѫˣ
¡


1210 һǹ
īаϧԭΪԼȫնһն޾һأվǲôһߡ
ںֵʱվ̫ˡķӳȫԣһȻ޾򣬵ҲѾļˡ
ʱߵսѾ˴·ʿĹע˴з߸Ϲ
ȸϵˣÿ˳īһն޾ͷѪŵһĻֱӾͱˣ
޾ˡȻˣôܣ
ϵЩˣҲȫɵɵĿһĻͲܽ޾˵ʵ
ǿīҲ൱ս˵޾ˣǣϣ϶׾ٵĽѹ
һ֮ˣȫΪīСֶ̫࣬Ҳ̫ǿˡ
·ɵȥţʩչƮŮ۵ľһֱˡ
ԣЩ˿īսȻҲǿǿЩֶΣ
վֻһɶѣǿǿĶ
ǰһĻȺĴУȫе˿־塣
ˣֹСֶսȻҲѾǿ޾ִڶ˵ĳ̶ȣ
޾򷢳һŭ˵ս߾磬Щ棬ȻˣġֱԼEˡԼ
޾һ˫ŵ˲޾ɱֱӼһһ˳ǹ
ţ޾˾Ȼǹ
ҵһμ
ܰ޾˱Ƶǳīս
꣬˵Сġ
ЩʿһĻȫ¶֮ɫˡ
޾ȻԼıˡ
ǳǹУɢžǿϢ
ǳΣգ
Уȥ·Ϊһˡ
ķǹɹâ˲ֱӡ
ˣ
ǹָīһҵ
Ѿмûжǹˡ޾ɭȻԣųīķ򣺡ķâ֮£ҲԸеˣ
īǹϱϢһе߱췢ʵī֪ǿĲǸǹǸǹˣ
׼𣬼ԦȻӿ¡
ī޾򣬺Ȼ˵·֮Ե˫˷צгɡ֮һնҲŭɽͷǱݣүȥҲ
ī޾򣬺ȻЦٴ˵ⷬ
Ǳߵ޾ⷬ˵ϣѪ
ֱӼ˳ǹīڵķȻǽɱȻٺķѸȥѰīʶҲϧ
һҪɱС
̫ˣ
飡
˳ǹֱӽīڵһն̴ˣƬ̮
һ̣Զֳޣкá
޾һȷԵףȻһ۷һ֮£Ҳˡ
Ǻܿͷ֣޾һ˿ûκ֮ɫ
ôˣ
޾˲ѾɱǸС𣿡
ǰСӺɱʲôҲ˰ɣ
ףˣӦòɣ޾˲ǻҪӸСϵõһЩ𣿡
۷׷ףȻɵɵĿ޾ķ
м缫ߵϵƺ˲ףһ˵СӺˡ
ˣ
ôܣ
޾˿ֲһǹôӹ
Χ˶ʱһϵҲһݼߵĴУû˸ҳԲѷȴ˷
Ǳߵ޾ޱĿųīʧĵطбЩƽվһԲ
ʱЩƺҲоһЩ쳣ɵȫͣȻ޾ķ
ã޾ڷһ̾Ϣˣ
ˣ
ЩΧ۵ȺУ͵ķһƬȻ֮
Ǹ޾ǿֲƥһ֮£Ǹˣôߵġ
ңӵȥ·ϣʿȻ뿪ȴֻͨɽ֮ߵԼе·ܹ·ȥ
īûжɽ٣ľ磬ҲȻͣɾ磬ԣ˿ڿ϶ܵ·ĳط
ʿ˵˲Ҫģǻɳȫ޵ҵǸСӣ
ǣˣȫϴˣ
Ҳ׷ױ̬
·֮ȻܴۣЩ·ʿĿУȻǵ֮
޾Щİ˰֣̾ˣѾ뿪·صˡ
ʲô
ôܣ
ûɽ٣ô뿪
˶޾ĻŪˣǲ޾򻰵ʵԣȴġ
Ѿ·ֶΣԺ󡭡ЩˣҪСġ˵ʲôʱ򣬾ͻͻȻǵǰ޾ͳʧ䣬ż־˵סһǵǰǧҪ£ġȻǻ
޾˵ֱ꣬תˣıӰį
һȺ·ϵУһĿɿڴǵӰԶȥ


1211 ع
īص磬һͷ亹ϼ亹ʪ͸
޾Ϊֳī߶гįīʵͬҲŵòᣡ
׼ʵȷڵܹģڸȥѾȫͬˣϵľ޴࣬ȻһԽĺ蹵
īڵǿǿͻƵ磬ȴôһ֮󣬵еĵ̨ʧȫǵ̨Ҫͨؾһ̨ڵĳī˵ѡҪʮ̨أҪһһǧأҪһأô
ܳīиĵ̨ܸ֮ǰеɫ̨ȣʵϣԭΪЩ̨δĳɳ
֮ǰīɫ̨ȥȫһСµɫ̨ȻеȻоǳīȫĵ̨ȫɳʱĳīٴͻƵ磬ӵޱȿֲս
Ƿսֱӻ𶼸е
һĴ
ī»Եλʥˣ޷ǻһǿᡣȴ֪һּ£
û֪Ƭ񷵱Ψһ̫ڳīʱӵս٣̫֮£»ûī
һҪʱ䰡ī̾
ţȡŰ壬ӽ·ڣʱѾȥ˺ܾá
пһ뿪·ˡ
Ȼ꣬лī֪Ƿ񶼳ˡ
ӵʱԽ·Ƕûٴν·Ƕҳ
ŰϣдϢīֱĿ
ȣûϢʫͶǡ
ǿԴĹӦ£ʫͶǣѾҪɽˣ
óīеϲǣһЩˣҲȫɽ磬ʫͶʤʦڶһ
ǶܺãǶܵ㣬ϣ㿴ܻظǣֻҪ֪ܺþͿˡʫԡ
īһֱӻʫһ䣺Һܺãģ
˾ͼͼѾˣٶȸ죬ŰϸīҲͦ˼ġ
أ˼Ҵ·Ҫ˼ң
ðɣѾͷûǷȫļֱ̫ˡ
ʱ򣬳īͻȻ뵽һ⣺Ȼڿֱӽ뵽·ҿԲԽʱӡȻǽ·أ
󣬳īͻȻһ飬ȻæԼһöָһöѰ索䣬Ŀռ䲻Сȴɻ
֮ǰ߿ǿͷ­ӡˣӽָУû뵽͸ˡ
˰ɣīͷЩǸĽ⿪˱߿ͷ­ķӡ
ʵīѾȥɱˣ˵߿ֻʣһͷ­վīҲѹ
֮ǰı߿ˮɱȻȴҲˮı¶ǣǧǰһ׮ɰ½ѩǷһС顣˵߿Գī˵Ҳһˡ
߿ȻôΪ˫ۣ̾ϢһĶһţ
ףĻţīҲЩԾĿű߿ȻаҵķӡǺǿȻ
Ǳ߿֪ī˿̵һᱻѪñүʵأ
߿ӡʱܳһʱеԻܿ죬ͷе㲻̫һ
⡭ⲻ·߿Ͽʼ¶֮ɫ⡭ǡ磿
߿һ˫۵ɵϴȻϴ޾Ĳ˼飬ųī㣬Ҵ·磿
ġīͷ
ǺǺǺǡұ߿һȻл뿪·ǸطүүԺұ߿˼ҵūҸʲôҾ͸ʲô߿ЩĴЦţȻˮ˳۽
īЩ˵ôô·ϵЩʿôǿҵִţǾĶܳɵƵġ
߿˺ܾãȻŽƽųīһ˵үŻ֣ΪʲôҶִţʵϣңе·ʿǳִš
īͷе֡
߿ΪĹ磡
ī΢΢һ
߿˵·ϣǱ˳Ϊʿʵϣж˻ǵãʵ·֮ϣдҩޣݡΨû࣡·ȫͬʱ·ϵĹ򣬲ͻ֮ͻᱻų·ǿѡʲôʱߣﾫ绹㣬ľ֮أԺܶ˽ȥ֮󣬾ѡŻص硣ģʼܳһһˣЩ뿪ʿ붼ѾˣŵģҲȥˣΪǵļңѾ·֮ϡҾã𾳽磬Ϳ뿪·ˡǲ뿪·Ҳûʲô˼ص磬ҲòԼҪġʮǰ٣ı䣬Ҳû𾳽磬ҲҲûܹ뿪ʱǾͳٵѾû˼ǵǵݣԼȴȫǵãǵĹ磬ʵ硣
߿˵ţȻ૵ԣǶʿĽҲܼʣҴûгһգҾȻŵϢ


1212 н
īһ˵ŵ֮ǲǾеʧ
߿˵ʧһ㶼Һܿģܼ˷ܵöҪιȥˣ
ī
߿ųīļ簡Ҽ϶ٴˣܹȴˡ
ľԶ·ī˵
ǣ£֪ȻҵҲѡҾǼңǲһģ߿˵
īű߿ڷ㣬ǲǻˣ
߿һĨϲɫ漴ЦүҲѰˣҳϣֻʣһͷ­֮һôء˴ܲɱңѾǸ⿪ˡ
īһ㣬һâָ߿Դ
߿΢΢һһ˿־壬ţ̹ȻˡԼļϣҲˡΨһźûȥ˵ԼĹһۡ
вԹ޳īλ˼һ£ī¶ͷ­Ļᡣ
߿̹Ȼһ̣ȴޱȾȵķ֣û⿪ȫķӡ
վǵĴУֻ죬Ҳǻ
ѾԪһһ⿪ӡȻֻʣһͷ­Ҳǿ˲壬Ȼս½ǵ
߿ûüڵһʱ壬ֻǴųīү
ˣ㵱ǮɱңѾܵ˳ͷ뺦ңվҲûɹɱ㣬Ҷԣûʲô塣߰ɡī˵
ʵϣ߿һڼķθ֮ԣ˳īһŨŨڵˣȻʮ⣬ҲǴһġԣīɱˡ
֮ǰ·ϣ߿ҲûٸṩϢּӰī֤˴˽·Ŀԣ֮£ī
үĿϷңѵͲ¡պ󱨸ϾҲѣȻĶ֣δزѵĶ֡߿Ȼһͷ­״̬Ŀųī
īȻʧЦô𣿡
ᡣ߿ҡҡͷҳ˷ˣȻ϶Ҷȥǳү
ǲˣīЦЦ
ǣĿң߿ųīӵĹâ֪ĸƤҶԳүж£˵׼Ҿͻı⡭
ôķϻīһ۱߿ͷ­ô˵ɣʵôģҲ⡣Ϊ磬ҵĳбǿĴڣһ࣬һ١ҪǻˣܾȥΪСʱҾһηŹ㡣
߿ĿųīȻ壬һµ壬ֱӹڳīǰ˲߿Ըߣһ͡
īű߿õĸط׾ٵӵϵȨοΪūͣ
Ƿүġ߿˵ţֱԱģЧҳī
һ쾳ĵΪͣīҲǺܿĵġµͷã߿㲻ңҲ㣡
˵ţֱӳһҩȻָһʵͷ˳Цĵ磬ȴûǷս
߿ӹҩһĨж֮ɫĴҩǣҲûôҵѵһļƷҩˣڻָսž޴İͷлл˶ͣ
󣬱߿ֱӴŵҩһȥˡ
īſŰϢ
ҡˮ塢ǡƽȫϢ
Щˣ֮ǵδȥ
ȻЩȫϲǣû˵κβõ飬īŴ˿̵֮ǻƽ
һŰϵȻ̫ණ
ȣһ·еЩ콾ǵõջ⼸һΣ
ѾȫԽ˵
֮ǰЩûеȴ·ͻƵȫڲ
ԭӵһ㶼ѷɫͬ˵츳ڱ˦̫ԶľˡЩûеȴ·ˣ붼ڵصľ硣
ɽ·֮ЩˣһùߵХ֮⣬ȫõľ޴ͻƣ
һ֪ˣȫ˼ߵľ硣
̫ˣֱн硣
ȻᵽȺ֮ǰòᵽڽ·֮ǰˡ
һʱ˵Ĺԣȫѹסеˣ˸е𺳣𾪵Ըӡ
ˣһħһС
ǳīʦʦ
֮ǰʿӡҲͽǳīʦʦѡ
֮⣬û˻ɽʿ
·֮ϣʣâеˣ
Сɽٷʱ򣬳ʮӳ
֮󣬾˵ķ֤óǰ޹˵Ľۡ
µģʵħͻƵʱ򣬾Ȼ࣡
Ȼֻһ𣬵ȴʤСʮ
ˣΪֱĵ죬СҲ˵죡
ˣֱһ·ĺ


1213 ħ
̫˸еˣ
ʵϣħСģǴ·Щʿ֮ڡ⼸顣
ľ磬Ҳ·Щʿ˵ġ
ħС·ϲûõ˾˵ĻԵûô뿪·ǻҪΪīݻء
ĵõ˻Ե뿪·˶ЩգΪǶܵĳīԿ
ɵͽܵϢⲻħԸ뵽ΪīɨһЩϰ
īĵˣĪңԴӳī𣬾͸īݡһֱ죬ҲûͣЪ
³īѾ˾˵Ȼﰵ
ԣħС֮ĵһĿ꣬ҡ
Ϊ·ԭҺܶǿߣȫۼ֮УͰ֮ǰŴҪɱīʡ⼸߽׵ͬȺȴżЩ·ʿǵĺϢ
壬ҵˣһ·
֮ǵЩҴǣڴ嵽ͻƵľ硣
һ·֮ǰ𳤴ݹһΣ˵һ·ϻкĴԵ֣
Ǹڴıˡ
һ롢ڴ˳·Ȼֹ
˳·ʱ䣬ħСʱ磡
·ϣҪʧܣī˵ˣȻ󡭡ӵùǣ·Ҳ֮ͷˡ
Ӳ·
ڵʱ·ڴЩ˸Ͳţλ˾ȻһûСͱ·߳ˣ
ֱ̫˼ˣ
£ڵʱһ䶯
ָĽѯʣʼڡȫûκεĻӦ
һЩ²⣬֮ӽһ²⣬Ǻܶ϶һīйϵ
ңǶĴ֮һҶֵˣȻУࡣ
ǸӻǸʵģ͸ˡ
īеӣʵһ
ܺܶĴжԳīȻЩмһˣûнīīͬ硢һȺУ޵еġ㼸û˻ϡ
Ȼɾˣϵĳīᷢʲô飬˭˵׼
˫ĳԹŴҪӺīīҲû˷
һΣ֮ǵ·ϣҪ̵ս̵ǿѹʧأһ
·ϵʧܣʮа˾ţǸīйصĴϡ
ҴʼգûκλӦ
һУֱħСĴţס
֮һĴУеؾĴһأһأһصʡ˵κεطⶼһɲСǿ
ԭͶԳī֮ǵңħСĵƣֱŭɶ˶ЦóīʦʦֱǷˣˡ
һʼֵˣʣɱţԸߣһ˾㹻ˣ
֮⣬ʱħһԴͬԪһȥ
һֱӾʣĴУͬʱҲһЩϹֵˡ
˭벻ڽ·֮ǰŴ޽Ϊһʿ̶ʱ䣬Ȼ˸ߵľ磡
ɱһʿҲҪصʵ
ǴӴ޽ɣȻ磬мҪúܶʱӦˡƺҪӦƺԭӦ־ž޵Ĵܣ
ħһս£
𾪵ģں档
ʣµУս󣬽ħСȫΧҪ˳׻ɱڵ
Ϊ鷢չڣѾĳ̶ˡ
ңֱӻɱһҪǲܱԺ㣿̸ʲôԽ鵤ãΪĵҩ̣
УȫǳǿߣǵսȫԾƶϡ
ĴУսҪǿͬСġ
˶𺳵ԸӵǣСսȻôֲԵħֱһɱ
սսֱӵ߸Χߣɽʿ֪
ֱӳ֣һʿͽʿ׻ɱС
ۣϣǳǳ˿ڡ
ΪСΪţ
ͬģĬ̶ȣ̾Ϊֹ
ţĴУħһȫˣ
ҵսûзӳãѾּħƻ
Ȼħָ쾳ĴжԺһԷֱˡŴСƮȻȥ
ǰ»ԺٸͽһΣҾɱһճͽܵ󣬻ҵĵճӵܶ࣡
̫ˣ
̫ײˣ
ͽ󣬻Ǽҵճӵܶ࣡
⻰ٵ֮Ǵ𺳵ͬʱҲɸп֪īǿôġ
һǿưԵʦôܻ̳һͽܣ
Ҳһսħվ˽Ÿ
еΧ£ɱشһսΪ֮𺳡
һսҲûáīʦ˵ġֱ˵˲֡ħ


1214 ϲ
ī֪֮ůҲЩΪʦʦﵣǣҵĵ̣Ǳôһ㣬Ԫܳͨ˵ڶҲԻһꡣ
һ꣬ʿ˵ҲǺܳʱˡԽǿļ壬󱲵ҲԽǿһʱ䣬㹻ܶĺˡ˵ּ壬ʱ䣬ɲһ꣡
ʮǰԻ͵Ƕ£ѾڣҲ
ԣĸּϣħǿߣҲҪԿġ
ãħСǾ˵ˣ㹻Ҳ㹻ǣںݺݵĳһƺ󣬾ƮȻȥˡ
īŰСϵһ£ܿõСĻӦ߳īħ˶ܺãгīΪǵģѳīԼСġ
Ű壬īϣ¶һ˿Цݣű߿֮Ƿȥ
īûд·ĳڳˣڵķλ֮ǻһξġ
˿̵֮ǣֵĺܡ
д·ʿûѡһʱ뿪
һ棬ЩôԵˣҪúõףһ¡صȻҲף֮ǣȴͬҪף
Ϊ缸һĵӢ
һ棬ЩˣҲȫڵһˡ
ҪǸˡܻĻԵ
ʡĽʡЩںܶ˵ԺȫҪۿīһľ硣
԰ֻˣ
ǳ𱬣
·֮ǰҪʮ
ΪһΣдʿ԰ĿƬ
ɫƬ࣡
´˶Щ·ϻ˻ԵʿǳչˡһԷȥǧɫƬɫƬҲȥϰšϿ
񿨣Ȼţ
ᾫӢȫۼ԰Уȴųī
͵͵˽￪˶ľ֡
ʦ·ϣӴ޽һ嵽˵ֲ˼ľ磬ųһΣܳ嵽ھؾ磡
ˣھأô˵һ嵽𾳽أ
ǣʦʦϻأѵҲܳΪ𲻳ɣ
ҵǾãԳī֮ǰֳûг嵽ڰؾ磬ءأӦܲ˵ġ
ǰ㿴һôˣ嵽˵صľ磬ųīֻܸߣͣ
ۣ֮Ƕ಻ʤ
ͬʱ԰еһ߼У¡̡ǡҼˣһȲ衣
ܹ´һȲ裬ԻҺ˵һֵý顣
ЦеĿżˣЩ˶̤ܲ˵쾳磬ֵýȫѷɫκˣ
Һһǫѷҡ
Ҳûʲôҵġµ˵ʵƺڼǰûеġΪǸʱŮۻڣŮǰ˭ƴˣ
̵ͷ˵ûʵҲ⼸ǧ꣬ƺսЩᣬ̤иߴ콾ĽзʵǿߣҪֳ̤ܷ֮¡ܹʱģڵҲô㡣
ͷ˵ǵ츳Ǽõġ
츳ȷǴڵģûܷϣŬͻԵͬǳҪ¿ŻҺˣ츳ȻЩΪ˵ʿƺѷһ㡣ǺŬͻԵȴǿǡǿʹ̤֮󣬳ɾȫѷɫǡ
ҪΪӣǲܻ˴ĻԵ
Ҳ˵ܻĻԵ˳īֵܡ
΢΢һЦ˵ʵЩʱһѣҲһֻԵ
Һ΢΢һ漴ȫͷ
ȷиѣһ־޴ĻԵ԰ԭƽӹ㣬һȫͬˣ԰ѱ㣬ø㣡
̵ʱһ˵˵ɽ֮ʦˣ벻ʦĻ
µУҲ¶֮ɫͷŰ崫Ϣ˵Ҫںܺá
̵૵ھͼʦһ档УŨŨ˼֮顣
ҡͷ½ģҲδıӦһ
̵˵ͷӦˣʦıǳؽ硣
ڶڲ²ī·֮ľ磬Ϊأ¿Ǻͻҡ
룬˵ҿֵ·֮󣬺ܿܳ嵽ľ硣
أ¿ǡ
˵Ҳùٻ嵽ء
ʱĿͶ̣Ц˵̣ǾλСʦھͻᳬԽء
Ǻͻȫһ
̵ЦҡҡͷСʦܳԽӦ飬ûв´γӦøҳƽ˰ɣ
˿˵ʵǴҵĲ²⣬ࡣСһоһ˽һ·ľһ¡
¡
˵ҷ֣սǿһ֮⣬飬ϲϵģ
΢΢һ
ʱȻ䴫һǿҵ


1215 
΢΢һ漴һЦվˣ
̵ü΢΢һ¶ֹı飬Цȷǻˡ
˵Ÿ໥һۡ
¿ЦҡҡͷǲʡأȻϲϡ
Һǵ϶ʱ¶ĵЦݣͬʱҲżظı顣
ڻˣ
˶Ժº̵նЩ⣬ǳչʶҪһ·ʲôţ½ȫסˡ
૵ôܣ
ǵɴһ˫Ưӣһ˼ĵôǹӣ
΢ЦΪһ۷ʿ
Ҷʱͣ¶ŵı飺ôܣ
ҲЩɵۣôܣɣ
΢΢üͷһۺ¡
ЦЦ߰ɣǳȥ֪ˡ
԰ſڡ
īһȺסȥ·ͬʱкܶ࿴ֵˣΧ
סīȺУһ꣬ĿòӢüбޣһͷɢȥǳ˫Ŀ磬˸УɢһʮǿҵϢȻû˵ȴһɾ޴ѹųīѹȹȥ
īվĿû䵽Ӣϣǿԣһĸߴ׳˶꣬ЦôХ죬֮ǰ·û򹻣˵ңСѱ۸֮󣬵һʱ뵽ҼԼ
īʱٳѿ֮벻һһֱɣХĿųī·ҪɱһˣīѾ˼ǧˡ
ХԳīĺޣֱ裬Գīɱ⣬ȫκεĻء
԰԰ǸɲŮ˻ƴ̻īҲҪɱ˳ī
ؼңҲīϡ
ԣһΣؼҳ̴ܣȥʮ߰Ϲ
ǾվХԣһ˼ˣ϶ʶĺԵǣȫͶעĿ⡣Ϊۣ꣬ҲûκвϢ
ǸעǸ꣬ΪǸһ֪ͨˣϵѹϢʵ̫ǿˣ
ڳٿֵ˶üΪǴϸܵŨŨв
Ҫ֪Щǿɲ֮ǰʿˣǴ·֮ȫѾ̤˵Уңǵľ磬͡
īХ죬˲ͬעʵѾХģɫ۵ϡΪѾѹ
˳īϹ
ܲѷɫ¹ùõܣ
īХ죬Ȼ󿴿ԵˣٺЦؼҵǲСϵģôҺ۸ǰɣĻһϰɣһҪʱأ
ˣ
ȺʱһƬȻһ󾪺
˶˼Ŀųī벻ͨΪʲôʱ򣬳īȻЦóȻţƾʲô
ڳЩˣûһߣһ۾οīλεϢ
·֮ǰīôţǻܽܡΪɾĴʿѾŵʸˡ
ǣ·֮˶˴ԵЩǣѾ̤˵˰
īȻҲ·ˣȻɾʿ˵·У׵ʧˣ֮ǰһ
٣Ű·ʧˣص磬ȻΪȻҽаһȺȺУп߳ī˵
˵˼ʧˣڽ·֮ǰûΪɣҲ˴Եأĳ
˵ҲǱӦɣ˵ƻɽ٣ɽʧܣֱӱ·ī϶û뵽ôֵ
ٺ٣˼ҿԽսأ޽ɾ磬ͿԴɡսɣ˼˵ʲôģǸƶѡ
Χ۵ȺУкܶˣ̲סԶԳīз̡
ī·ɹͻƵ磬ôҵ˵ַˣ²мһˡ
֮ǰǸ԰УԴ޽ɾɡսɵ콾·ʧܶأȻͣɾ磡
£Ⱳӿ¶Ҳṳ̂һ죡
ôţڡҲֻܽԼһϲʵ
ԣôˣըëôʹһ°
Ⱥов·Ͻ׵Уǵ棬ȫðͷ
һֻΪ֮ǰīķͷ̫ʢˣ
԰дʣ·ϸǰԵ˫
塢ӡѹˮХ졢ն·߿һ׮׮սֱ̫ҫˣ
ܽ˵۾Ϲ
ǳī·б߿һսֱ̫סͷ­ܸն̫ˡ
ҲһսڳһЩ侲
³īȻɣ·ʧˣҲ˭ʸȥǵġ


1216 ޱǿӲ
߿֮󣬺ܵ͵ĲȺУȺЩԳīıӣ̲סЦֱһȺ׳գһĴ·ϻûԵͻƵ磬ҼүʲôԵûã
߿Ȼ֪īھʲôīжµˣ
ɣ˭Ǹ˭ɵӣ
ؼߣվХǸǿīĻ̲סЦ˸ɭȻ˵ī֮ǰ˵ţ֮󣬹Ȼ㲻ţֱǲ֪ҵĵܵܣĻԵֱѴ̣
ĻԵ˵ǲĻԵҲ˵û¡ѴɱҰī̬ͬ൱ǿӲûһҪЭļ
ʱ򣬺º̣ŻҺǴ԰߳
ǿīȦʱЩˣ첽߹Ҳ˱˵Ŀ⣬Գīʩ񣺡ӣ
Ǻǣ˼߽׵һɵ׷ߣǺЦ
ôһЩˣϲʸȨҲûʲôֵģ˼ҡǳϺ˰
ǣ˼һ԰ĺ´˳ء
ţ̵أǿƮŮ۴˵ĵӣҲ쵱ĴأôǿһҲֵһ׷˰ɣ
ȺУһȫǳǵġ
Щ˷ǳţȻźº̵͸ô˵Ҳ֪ƾʲôǾúºݵλߣһʶ
Ȼ⻰ϲû¶κα顣̣üһȴҲûκζ
ǵ˲תΧ۵˵Ҳ֪Ǵʲô˼Ǻᣬ˶ģŻ
ϣСŮء
Һ£

ȺǼԳƮһ˻ĺȷǵλá
ϧǳī
º̻ΪݣΪģһʶīȴ̡
ֱӳ֣Ⱥһλץ˹ȥ
Χ۵ȺһƬȻȻɢ
һӰīһץ˳һֵĴƾʲôץңīû㡭ƾʲô
ī˺ݺݵˤȥ
ͬʱһ֮ڵ˲γɣĵ棬ޱȵļӲ
飡
ɾʿֱӱˤԽѣ
һƬţ
ȫĿɿڴĿһĻвŮŵûʧɫܶҲɫ԰ס
ֱˡ̫Ե˰ɣ
֤ҲãĻҲֱӾ͸ɱˣ
Х꣬ȴһĨȻīɱ˾ǸոճǵˡǲΪīҲ֪
ΪҪ˾׼ҳˣҪʵ
¾̣ҪҳˣҲûôס
ʱȺдһδе̫Ե˰ɣƾԼǿ󣬾ܲ𣿡
˵ˣī˵һȻһץֱӽո˵ץ
ºŮ໥һЦīȷ
Ϊ˵ˣȻ任ͬҲǸոճǵ֮һ
Ҫ֤𣿡ī˵ţһ˫һ⣬ֱͶӰ˾ʶС
˵Ŀ΢΢һͣ漴˵Һ¡
һȫһ𾪵ĿţΪ˵仰ȻǸոǵǵ
īһĨ䣬ͬˤڵϡ
еˣȫоһɹɺǵֱֲ̫ˣ
Ȼʿʲôرǿ֣ȫɾĴʿ
ͬΪʿĳīɱȴɱһסץֱˤ
īһ·ʧܵˣ
ڳУȫðһͷ
ī˸һҪץԼ
Σûκ˶
ؼߵļˣȫվԹۡʵͬҲмųīսжǿ
ͨī·ϵ־ޱ֣ǾƶϳҪܳīҪһ߽׵֡
Хֵͽ׵ܾͲУ
ȻӵпֲսɾУɱ쾳ĵվǧغϣһʹ
ɳīȴ·ճȴ˵棬֮䡭ն¹һͷ­
ֻһжϳīսǿͬХ죡
ХȻ˵쾳磬Ĵδɱī
ؼ£ϲˮҪֱѹīҷԶʧ䡣ǲХīٴһȻ󽩳ֲ£Ҫǳ֣ȻХܻӰ
ԣҪ۲һ£īжǿ
ʱī˵ŷǿԼǵΪҲ㣿
˵䣬īٴγˡ


1217 Х
¡¡
һ춯صľ죬һɺƵĲ˲ȺһطըۿǿֲҪ˵ϣһЩԲʿѾʼѪ
īݺһƣֱӽǹɿֲĲӲѹԼС
Ȼ󡪡
һſµڳīγɣǸͷɢ״ˣݺ˹ȥ
ſµֱ˵ϣը
䣡
һΣûˣ
˵Դ˲ը飬ͬԪһȫĲ
һ쾳ĴУԼըֱ
ЩٺʿīĿ⣬ȫø
ոǳīһץסѹУôȺ˿Ѿִˡ
Լ֮ǰгЦī·ʧܣܶ˵ϣȫ¶ɫ
Ǳ߼ؼҵˣâ˸ٴοīĿ⣬ѾЩɵˣ
Х졣
֮ǰధԼĸλ棬Ҫɱ˳īΪֻ׵ͷͨȥеƬӰ
ճǣīƵ̫ˣ
ԭͻƵ߽׵ֻͻƵ˵죬ʵѾ൱졣³֪ˡ
Х̫ˣԭһԸûκ˵ľ콾
Щνˣûһܱġ
񵽺ãȻȥս߽׵ܹɱǡԼȴǸ߽׵оǣļ壬̬ȡѾȻ䣬һı仯
ûôˣ
֮ǰٰ㰧ҪԶԳī֣ĸȫӦܸо
ХǳѿҲޱȵķŭ
Ǽ˳īȻɢϢҲͬ֡Х͸ӷŭˡ
ڣۿ˳īһɱһ쾳ʿ֮侲ˡ
īȻǸī
Ǹǿ˫սֲĳī
Ȼ֪·ʲôûͻƵ磬ȻʵûܵκӰ죬෴ǿˣ
Хеǹɷŭѿʱࡣ
Ȼޱȵʹ޳ī
īתͷؼ߼ˣĿ䵽ǸòӢϣ˵Ҫ𣿡
Цɱ˼ѣΪǾͻ࿴ˣ˵ţһۺ£˵´ˣҲӡ
˵һ룬µĴϣؼˣʲôʱˣʮǰʥӶҲαһСŮӣ
һȺ̰֮ͽڽʵ浽˽죬ԼʸˣҲʼ̸ˣúЦ𣿡̵һԵ˵
̣ΪƮŮ۵ͽܣҾͲҶ֡ؼ겢ûȥӺµĻǿ˵ƮŮѻ㻹ʵһɡ
ЦҪʦˣȺ᲻ŵ£Ц
ؼͬЦ£ʵ㣬ؼҵ棬ӡʮ꣬ϾͻḴգƮŮΣ
ܶʱһ󾪺
ؼĿȫóη塣
ؼҵ棬ȻлģӡԼҪˣ
Ϣ̫ˣ
ؼҪһͳ˼
£̲סü΢΢һ˼Ŀؼꡣ
ȴһЦХԣ治ɣʦҲҪˣ
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ĿĿ̵
ХԣǲϤؼЩһֱŵ͵أƺֻХôһߵļһ̵Ĵȴ˲֪
̵־磬ܻ˵ѡ
߽׵Գ棬ֶ˵ûбҪ
ôѵ˵ǸŮֻۡ˵

ӹ񣬴û˵Ĵڰ
ѵ˵ƮŮ쵽ܻһԪɣ
н磬ϵļԪ꣬ʮǧ꣬Ҳ˵ʮǧģҲʮͷܻԪģҩϵЩֲϵ֮⣬ޡܣ
Ҫ˵̵˵ѣҲû˸š
Хԣλ͵ȴ쳣ǿĸ߽׵һ˫⣬俴̵ΪҪ˵ѣ˼𣿡
¶һĨмЦ˵ѣԿ
Х΢΢˼һ£漴˵ȻģΣ˭ֹɱī
ʱһԵ˵ɱԣ
Х̲סЦ´Ҳסô
¿һХ꣺ġ䡣ɽһ벻ԽԽˣȻꡣ
ȫ΢΢һݰòӢ꣬ȫЩ𺳵ˡ
ѲɣꡭȻҲʲô˲õĴﲻɣ
ʱһ¶Цݣ˵£ɽһת۾͹ȥ꣬㲻Ҳûôôôˡ


1218 ˷Ԯ
һٺһЦҪǼ޸ҶãҪ׷ڳƨɺ棬ô飬ǺǺǣҵĺôʮǰ콾ΣѾʣ˰ɣ
ī˲һĨɱ
ӦĿһ۳īСһˣᣬ̫Զˣɱ㡭ҶӶˡҪˣһɵ֣ϧѾˡ
סڣŭ꣬йâתɢһֲ
в˸оһɿֲѹϮˡһЩսսԴϢ¶Ȼ֮ɫ
׼Ŀֲ֮
ƾϵϢʿԿܡ
ȴ治ɫЦЦҲˣ¡Ⱳӣ㶼һ
ҲУѵǿԣ
ǡҲСϣ¶־ɥ̾Ϣֻܹλеΰˣ̫ʶʱǿеֿ׻ƴô䵽ֵزɱ̾׻ƴˣȴƫƫ˸Ӣۡ
һһ˵ȻҲһվˣ´˷ȴεӰֻֻһŶ
īʱǸ˵Լүүˣ˵һʢͷڹļ壬ԼҵֿȻ˵ˣؼңǵүүһµүүּ壬Ǵ䣬Ƕ˺
С˵ע㣡俴ųī
ǸȴЦҡҡͷһСëӣʲô˵ģХԣɱ
ǣХĻһ䣬Ȼһ˫۶ųīɱ㣬Ȼе㶪ˣû취˭ճ˭ҵĵܵܣСӣȥүүʺһ˵ûܸͬһʱǳϧ
īХԣ˵ģͷʲô֪ˡһҷɢ
ãͳ仰һףǿ֮䣬ŶĲ࣡ХԸīвһ֪СǰĿˡ
вãǻҪսʲô
ʱ򣬺ܶˣҲȺС
öˣѾս˺º̵ԣɫϾĿһĻ
Ȼû˵ȴжʾ֧֡
׺ҲȺУϣȴдֻߣվżȸĴܡԭЩҲȫ׼ҳī鷳ġڿƺûǸҪˡ
ؼҵ˳ˣīɣ
벩վȺУ߳һȺ׷֮⣬ͬһЩϱ벩֮ǰ·ϣϳīǿС顣벩أЩԷɹͻƵ죬Ҳһ·֮൱ɹˡ
˿벩дżźҲżֽѡԶ༸ҵϱȫ˸Ķųīڿ治֪ʲô
ˮûг֣·֮󣬼ƺ˴£īŰ֮󣬾ͼҴҵĸϻȥˡ
½ѩˮҲûг֡
ˮӦýīУҲһ쵱ˡīѹ֮󣬸ֺݺ衣ȻǳɹͻƵ˵쾳硣
뿪·֮ͬҴҵĻؼȥˡ
Ϊ½ѩѾǿӰʯ½ң
½Һ֮䣬»һСս
飬ȫû֤ҲͰˣϾ˭֪ô𣿿֤֮κһ壬ȫԼһ˱ɱ
㲻֮ᷢѪս໥֮ĳͻ϶ǲɱġ
ƵˣҲѾ뿪
ǻ̫ҪȥֻһЩ£ȴųīϢ
˫ǳȺУ˿ȴֵʮֵ͵ߵļ׷ߣҲⱣŵ͵
·еõԵ쾳½УԳīļɵһ㡣
³īȻɣԵؼңڻ˫У֪ΪΣȻóīԿ
ƽҲˣǷī飬һֱҪαԣīԴƵ£޷˵վ
ļϣȻǰŰƵĴ󵶣俴Х˵֪ҲĶ֣ҪɱҵѣҲԹۡҽΪԼǵģ۵ҵļ塣ҲۿѳԿܣԣһ֣
Һǣʱ綼Ѿߵ˳īû˵ֱӾжԼ̬ȡ
ʱȺٴδһë嫺ëңֳ֧ӣ
˵ţȺ߳һӡӳʮȤƤܰףһЩŮӵƤҪۣһЦüͷһվǳעĿ
Ⱥдһȵ
ûɣë嫺ˡ˵ëң
⻰˼̫ˣ
˼˵ëҶվ˳īһߣ
Ǻܾȣƽƽֵˣؼңܽ˵һֻԼë嫺ƽƺֲ˰
ХһЦëңҵĸӹѣôǵӼ嶼ˣǻأ뱻ţͳȫǣ
ë嫺˵ؼȻǿ󣬵Ͼͷڹ꣬ˣëǲµġ
ХԵȻ


1219 սХ
Ⱥٴδƽһ߽׵Ĵ۸һȺСӣ۸ͦǰɣɶ˼Хԣëүүˣ
Ⱥٴ߳һӡ
ͬƤۣͬĹͷü䣬ȴѾꡣ
ëɽ㣿ХԵһĨ֮ɫ벻Ȼеӳǰ
ëɽǺһЦǵ¹ôëûͷڹء
ХԵɫ࣬ǱģĺϱҲÿ
ȻؼҵڲһԪǰǱʵΪȷģ飬Ǳ˵˵Ȼѿ
ëɽ߳ˣ˵֪ëҵˣ
ͷü֡ëҵı־ߵģıϳ
ʵϣë磬Ҳһ壬ϹټҡּࡣȻҲ˭ǵġ
Ǵڵʱ乻ϣĵ̷ǳǶϵĲؼңһļ壬ҲҪúÿǿǡ
ëɽЦеĿһ۳īӣס㲢¶ȻֶԺ΢΢Цŵͷ
īУһůʹصͷлл
ëɽЦһѣȱ˭۸ǣҪۡ
ǱߵЦǺǣͦãԼȥˡ
ëɽһģһУҰؼҵͷڹ꣬ҲûʲôŵġǿڶҲûʲôһȺСµļһǸԷڣϵ£ûһõóֵģԣˡҪսս
ã㹻֣סĻЦɱ
һһ˵Ļɱ˳ī֮󣬻ͷһǼˡ
īվǣһƽ˵ХԣȻؼҪɱңǷܵХֲҳ֡
˭˵ҲңХһ
û˵ĵضһߴšīǳ⡣
Хɫ̲࣬סҪȴХסмƣո磬Ҫһʱ˳֡
⻰Ȼǳ滰ڳ˶֪ХµܵܳԿ
ХӢЩŤҧгݵĿųī󣬻ЦҲһˣҸһ֮ûʲô˵ġ
ģҶ°ܽûʲô˵ġī˵ţֱӳշȥһХԣҹ
Хͬһʧԭأһ̣ڸ֮ϡ
֮жʱӰϸ죬ϱġˡŮӡһЩ꣬ȫϸ죬Ҫۼ֤һս
ҺǡƽԼëҵЩˣȫҪȥ
ǱĺˣȴֱͷųֲϢ˵ֵǣ
Ǳߺºâ˸ֱӸĺϡ
ؼģֻЩˣʮһֱû˵ȴʮǿĵʿ˿̷׷׳֡
˫ͬڸ϶
սŶأһ
ʱһ˵ŴܣȿīôĺòãҺܺ桭һɾˣХԵϳŹٻغϡѵǾͲ𣿡
˵ХҼҹϣŲʮغϣ
⻰ȻŶĳɷ֣ʵзǳǡԼӺǿǸХԣԸ̵ͬһʱˡ̵ľ綼Ѿ˵죬Хԡ̵
俴һǣЦеĵСҪôҹӣҪХϳŹʮغϣҾͲɱ㡣ҪҹʮغϾͱҵСѾߣΣ
ŭ⡣
һЦʲô㿴ôӢҹǿˣ
䣬Ҫǳһ䣬ȻЦҸģīҪܳŹʮغϣɱŲɱ䣬𣿡
ʱ΢΢һһ۸֮ϵΣȻһЦġ
Ц˰ɣؼ˵ıԣС󣡡
£üǳһһΣעҪ׸ϵˣ˭ֹ˵顣Ц˵
һ˵Ҫǿϼ޸ңұ֤ɱ㣡
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ʱеĳīХԡֱӳˣ
˫һɱУ
ûκ̽Ҳûκԥһ֡ǿ
īֱһȭХԡ
ХǱߣͬҲݺһƣī
ӿս죡
һ죬˫ȫ˼ɡ
īоһѪӿֱ۷飬һĨĹâХԵսһš
ǱߵХԣȴ𺳵òᡣ
ոһʮɵԭΪһоͿīȴû뵽ԷһƾУ
ֱͬ飬ѪӿƺֱϵĹͷҪѿĸо
Сô˴һʿ


1220 һ
ôһ߽׵£
ХԵоɲԼһ쾳ĵһս൱ǿѰʿ֪ؼʿǿ󣬵¡Щȴ֪
Х𾪣Щտֵޱȡ
ЩŴˣ
һɾʿһʮҵꣿ
ǵеľȻʶХǺҲХϱǹ۷ȴ֪ХԵľ硣
־ĶǿߣȻɾĳīȻڶԷһ֮£ãҿȥȻХƾУ
⻹ȷһεޣ
Ǳߵĺ˸ͬ˳īսжôǿᡣ
ХĬˡԼĸ磬һغ϶ŲȥīŹȥˣƺƽ֡Ҳ˵һԸϵ£ȷī
º̵棬ȫһ
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Ƕųī·֮󣬾ûһջ
֪飬Ҫ̶಻٣Ȼģȴ֪·һ׮Եڵȴųīԣڳī·֮ǰûѹī·ϵΣա
ΪţϺˣѪˣ
磬׻ƴǻӻһ˵ģⲻǲ²⣬һ׮һʵ
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սꪺգī
īֳ߱죬ƣâ
һɾˣХԵķն˹ȥ
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īʵսȻûг׷ӳ
Хԣ߱죬ôһ
Ƕ·һ㡣
úܶ˶סˡ
Ǹʲô
𣿡
һ֪ɽ
ƨɵӶ𣿲ǴΪǰ׳ջʲô
Χ۵Щ˵У̲סеǳ˼顣
ХԵȴ¶ޱ֮ɫһоԼĺë˲
µһô־ʿʩչ
⡭ֱǲ˼飡
ХսһᣬҪīһ
ȥīһƺǳʵϣȴǼ졣
ΪһѾӰ쵽ʱͿռ
һնʱ·ڵһ㡣ռг˸صĴġÿһ棬һļµ
Ǳߵĺ䣬ͻȻ䳤б嫵ϢҪХǱ߳ȥ
ΪǶʶ鲻ãҪˣ
º̵ͬʱһԼһУʱ⻪š
ֱӽĺ˸ס
һֱӳ̵˹ȥ
Ҫǣ
ĺУ̵ȻҲͦģȺ£ǲ̫Զ
̵һǼ˲ų̫ĹâҪҫϹ˵˫ۡ
飡
䣡
һȥһȻ졣ţһɿֲܳȥ
𾪵ǣûͻƳǵϡˡ
ʱҲҪ̵Ǳ߳ȥ
һô׼𾳽ĴܣҪһȥ۸һС
һЦֻҪţҿ϶۸ѽ
ٷϻҪĶҪȥӺֶΣ䣬촽
һУڶ̶̵һ˲䡣
ĺķӦѾǼ죬ڳīǱ䣬Ѿжˡ
ˡ
īһŤ˿ռ䣬ʱ䡣
Ӧһ̣ʵϣīһѾȥ
Ҳ˵˿ģʵѾ飡
ΪڣīѾվУ
Хԡ


1221 һ
ХѾɵסˣ
һ¶Ĳǿ־壬һľ
ȫκϣġ׵ľ
ʵЩʱ򣬲µһֽ
µģȫʶԼǣͻȻ
־ǹɱ䣬¡
սꪣ߱һնϣͷ­߱һ
һ쾳ĴӲīһ룡
Ԫ飬ڷ
ؼһǿһ콾֮⡣
һֱʧ
ȫĿųī˵У㵺η塣
һɣһһ쾳ĵֱöԷֻᶼûУֱӽԪնɱû˻ʵһĻ
վȺеĿ׺壬ֱɵˣǾҵĳ鴤ţīĿ⣬ѵľڿһħﻹૹţôܣģīôһһ쾳ĵ׼𡭡Ҳɣ
˫ĿЩͣã¶Ц֮ɫ΢΢ҡҡͷ̾һȻʲôûлûԵǻ˾ĻԵɣӵֲֿսȴȻͣɾ硣һͻƵ磬ǲͬʿѡ
벩վȺУܶ˶ڿΪ˵УΨһһȻƳīһսֹ֮Լīġ֮ǰܶ˶Ц˵޵֮Ķˣ˶
ڣЦ벩ˣֻʣһͷ벩Ĵ˰
ԭ˼Ѿ˳ī츳ǿѡīԺͣǳΪˡٿХ졢ˮӦīЩˣҡ̫ˣ
һնɱ쾳ɡÿֲЩ԰ס
ֻҪʲô⣬ôδʱ磬콾ӰУ߳ˡ
벩ߵһЩߣĿ˸治֪ʲô
ʱ벩Ȼ˵һ䣺֣ѡ֣١
һЩҲ벩涼ͬ⻰
⻰ЩߵĶУζɾȫˣȫ޵Ŀ벩
벩΢΢ҡҡͷûٶ˵ʲô
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ëɽë嫺ȫŭţɱԷ
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Ůԥĳˡľ磬ǿķʹŮһ㶼
ս֮һСģܾͻֱġ
顣
˭֪ⳡս֮ĸ֣϶ᷢ޴ı仯
Ի͹ĳһڳưһ֮䣬϶Ϊⳡսеìܣ׶ݡ
ʱû˿Щ
Ǳīһһս̼ˣƽŰƵĴ󵶣Ĺһؼҵ쾳ĴС˫۾ˣֱӾչս
֮ǰ˴˼޶Թδڴ˿̣ȴű߱ȺĶԹһ㡣
һս˲չ
ǱߵĳīҲ߷˵ֱӼսšһһؼʿȻ˴ҪǶСġ
īһȺؼҵʿͬżѪȵĲӬһ㣬ųī˹
ʱҲֻкº̿˳ī۵һĨƣһһ쾳ĵīôǿҲһĶûС
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ǱߵǺͻˣҲȫ£
ʱХͨ죬īѾǿ֮ĩ˭ɱؼҸô
ǱߵĴʱѾ嵽˳īǰŭɱСˣ
ϵҲˣȡ֮ģޱȵأɱ
׼ͬʱԳ棬гֳ
ؼҵĵ̣ʮһַʽǰ
ɱһɾĳīȻ׼һ죬ʮϵǿߡһХ졣
һҪȥһЩһ嶼´ˡ
Ըīںܶ˿ǴСá
³īһХԣȻкܶΪġ
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䣬ͬΪ׼𾳽ĴܣȴӲ̵һѪ£˳ī


1222 ֱ
׼һ־
Ӳ쾳ĵһҲҪɱī
ΪѾīĺǱī
Ҫľ
ͻȻ䣬һͬһĶ·ӳīؿƮƮ˳ī͡
īһڽθ̵
䣡
īϣ֮䣬㱬һɾơ
ȻһΣе߱졣
ת䣬ȫ˵Ԥ֮⣬Ҳˡ޷󣬾һĸ룬óīӼ˲ȫָ۷״̬
ҩ
īһȻһĶ䡣
価𾪣ȻޱǿӲųīɱȥ
飡
һȻ죬ī壬˲䵹ɳȥ
׼ֲ̫ˣ
ոһӵĸ룬ָȫ׼𣬳īȻˡ
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֮ǰ·޾һĺǿҡ
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˵ţֱӼһĿź£ʶһķϣǻɱ˳īҲΪ㣡
׼𣬼ԦѾþˡ̫ˣΧߣļһ˲䣬ȫˡ
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µҲһĨȵģˣƾ㣬ҲΪң
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գѹϢѹأ
׼֮սȫѾ֪ûйֳˡȫ˳ԶڴĿһĻ
ЩԳīгɼ߸ɴīˣȫ˷
ؼҸû˿ϵǶؼҲøУһսЩ˵ֱһʵĴϷ
ҧϣҧĸһ㡣Ц˵
ºĵһĨս⣬ȻȫԼͬһٶ
ǽսֱӳŸոշǸŲȥ
Ǳһң
ȫǸոշˣȻɢȥ
ٿ졭ܿù׼
һЩƲãһʱߵĸ߽׵ˣȫ׼ĳ
Ȼ󣬺ºͬʱԷˣ
ˣ
һ춯ص˫ķݺݵĶԺһ
ǿȫӳ֮һ
ǹƻ궼Ϊ֮ս
Щǳеˣ˲ȫ˷ɻң
ɢ
ûһۼ¡
У˲ָȻʣ
̫ˣɻǵȻ޷׼һ
ĺͺˣ˲սһ
𿴺ǸŮ֮սȴ൱׺ս˸ӷ
ĵһ֣ȴûһϵԵĮ˽ûһš
¡¡
˫սϱֲĺƬգ𵴵ɪɪ
Ĵ˳˫սĵط
Ĵģ衣
ִģѰմһ˲ͻᱻˡ
Ϊ׼𾳽ܶԵ
ǵĵײ
ǱߵĳīˣҲ໥ţǺͻҡƽһȺؼҵЩ˷ս
ĿųīУżּɵ֮ɫͬʱŨṴ̃
˵·ϣõһӣܶ˻˵޻̸֮û뵽¾ȻġѾû˰֮ɫЩôһĹѾӵĸ롣治֪ʲôõģȻһ׼ʥҩصĸ㣬Ϊ㸶
ͷڹѪԶҲִˡī˵ֻӢѪʸ񡣡
С֮ѣӶԸΪҲҪɱ˵ţֱȡһغĳޣһسޣȥƺȻһɶ೤ͨڣڸɡһޱӲʵĸо
һ
һֱޣ
˵ʱһ׼ʥ
ȻҲ֪Ǵ˵ȷ£ֱԶһȴӹɵģ
ˣ
ֱֱޣݺݵī
ֱֱӽճϡãдڽݺҹ
һУ¾һǳֱܱӳã
һīͬӲӣ
׼𣬼ԦǿһǳīѾ磬档⻹˵ĳīˣǵ졭һҲֻбͷܵķݶ
ʱȴžսǿᣬӿĹīͼһֱӽīɱ
ʱ򣬺һȣīߣӣعǣ


1223 һǹ
Цӣ·ţӣ
ī˵˭˵Ҫˣ
䣡
һΣյϢ˳ųīȻ
У˲ۣ
ǱߵХͻȻĿѣƺҪˣҪɽ١Ҫɵ٣ӣˣ
ԭ׼һ״߳ī䣬Ȼŵ΢΢һȻʶģջ˹һصĿͷա
ڳīճǶɽٿ£Ѿ״ˡ磬֪ХǱīٸ˵ʿҲˡ
ؼǡ
Хŭţ棬ˡСӵ٣˵Ĳһ˵٣Ȼ·ϣҲ࣬١Ѱٵ屶ϣ
һ޴ܣХֱӸ˳
£䱻ŵϱɫΧѾԶԶЩʿҲȫˡ
屶ǿЦ𣿡
Ҳñ÷ɣ
սҶٵ֪عڻ˰ɣ屶٣
Χ۵ЩʿǲţͬҲоţĿĿһŭţһ߷˵Х죺屶
棬ôƭ屶ХһίճٿҵʱҾѾܵˡˣ˱
㵱ô˵ɫҲˣ屶һմȾϣô׼𣬿ҲҪ١ۿųīվԲĶ֣ɽ٣ڶпСӸˣ
ɾôѶԸˣҪΪ˵Ǹ£
٣ȻȴҪմȾ·׼𣬸һĴ
ХʱѾ˳ޱңԶľ룬ߵĵұѾΪʵ˵ܸıʲô˶ΪڸԼɺͽڣţ
죬̵ĸо
òȥȻ˸űĹâ㣬ҪҪϵδ·ҲƴС
ǱߵĵˣʱҲȫ𺳵ˡ
屶ĵ٣ǣҲմȾ
ԣսȦԶȥ
½ᣬˣ·֮ǵ԰ȥ
˲䴫вսļЩҲûκԥź³԰ȥ
ŮҪӣŭȡ
ʱҲѾ˲Ϻˡ
ΪеĽƣѾԽԽ࣡
ʼɫǽƵ֣һɫĴڼȥЩɫȷ֪еĵżĲͬ
ΪһЩɫȻͬһͷצһɫһ
Щ٣Ǿûֶģ
̵ģˣҪѪĸо
ʱ򣬳īվһĿ䣬Ȼ󵭵˵䣬׼ģ׼𡭡Ǳͷڹ壬СүסˣҲСүסˣϴɾӣСүգ
֮ǰѾī֪ī԰оһ𾳽ķ¡ˣҲڶʱƿ
¸߳īϽӣȻĻҪ١
Ϊڴ֮ǰ˭Ҳû뵽͵ؼҾȻ˹һɳôǿߣҪī׶ɱ
Щˣȥ
īȷֻҪӻ԰ͻܰȫ֮Ҳ˾
Ҫʱ뿪
ؼҵʵ̫ǿâ̫ʢȻһһĴУ׼ʱȻ
ʱʱڡ
俴ųīƺоʲôȻɫ࣬ޱĳֱ޳ī
꣡
Уһɫ˲ī
ȻĿųīûҷ
˷ΪңԶеʿȫһ춯صľ
ǸǿƥԵ˫꣬ѵˣ
һ׾͸ˣ
۾ȴһ˿һ˷֮ɫ̲סһ춯صīСһҪʬΣ
īû
һЩؼҵʿ̲ס¶֮ɫ
Զ૵һǹľ
ûʱҲѾʶˣīʹ˾ŪǡʱѾԶǧˡ
ʱ˿̣֮ǧУīȻ֡Ȼν˸ܿ졭ʧƬС
ûһĺۼ
ǾеĴͨ
īļ˷ڷ⽭һɭʱõһ·ϣƭ޾һΡѾþ
һƭ׼ģǵͨ
ΪһĺǼܸͬ߾֮ҲԵһͨʩչȻͨҲֻԻһµˣܿͻᱻʶƣ̫á
һҲͻҷˡ
Ǽеһ㱻ҲСʬ塱ڵģǸܰ˸ס
ΣīѾƵסǣڣҲʹáֻҪԻһ¶Էû߶ѡ
ʱīľҲֻʣľڣī񻹲ܳ
һīһ֮ǵķȻȻתԶķߡ
Ҫʱ䣬ϺʵԼΪҲҪʱ䣬
Ǳľͨѧļֱֵ̫ˣ


1224 ս
īȻоܱҲܷŭ
ս˵սͬ˵УǹھŽġ֮ǰЩų콾ųŵʿǰѾʧȥ˱Ϊŵʸ
ԵĵˣҲҪȴǰǿֲ̫̫࣬ࡣ
ٶȣױȵģȻʱҴĸо
һЩңҲʼ׷ʮǰʵؼң񾿾жǿ󣬿ûܹ֪Ϊ˶ԸԼһˣֱɳһ֧ƺĶ飬Ҳжϳһ
ؼң׼Ĵܣкܶࡣ
˵ǻһڸյ棬ǿǸ
ԶʱȥչԣҪѵĵ·ɱֻһпõĻᣬԼѸٱøǿ
һ·ϣīĬĬͬʱҲڷ˼ԼʱһЩΪǲʲôطĲá
ҪɳҪһ̣Ҫ죬⾭ʹ
ڳī뿪֮ǵĵھ죬˵һجġ
ëű𣬳ëɽë嫺Լʮëʿ԰ӹһ֮⣬ëңͬڣһʮǣһҹ֮䣬ȫ¾һգ
ͬʱŲģв޹ߡ
Щˣĺ޹ֻëµͨʿѡ
սԶ޹ߡ
ֵˣȻؼҡ
һսؼȻҲ˴ۣëҵʧȣȫֵһᡣ
Ǽ֮ؼҲ̫ɹ֮ĵһ
ѣһʯƾ죬ĺ
ؼ֣磬˲һѪɫ
ʮ죬̳ʧ磬Զʧˡ
ǣͬﲻ񣬱¾һա
ʮ죬ļ⵽ǿߵϮļ壬̺һӡԼ׼𾳽档
ƴ˶Է׼𾳽ĴܣȻԷˡ
ӹһ١
ڶʮ죬ңԶĻ壬ܵ
Ǳ߳棬׼𾳽ʵͷŭϻɱؼȥֻСӡ
ؼѪȷһϵܴ졣
һս֮󣬻ѸٵȫʧˣܾӶء
Ϊؼ֮ıûܳܵ
ʮ죬ǵ¼ңű
ˣؼѾѪȣһսм壬˸
īŰϲϴЩϢĳĬЩѷϢһûлء
ÿֻһĬĬ
һߣҲûš˷ؼңһĻͬʮ
ȣˮڵˮңֱɳǿߣؼʮǣеĸȫɱ⡣Ȼûǣ˭֪ʮǣ׷ˡ
ţǺŵ԰ʼؼҵıһҹ֮䣬ؼҾдĸ䡣
̵˼ˣֱӳ֣ĴɱؼҵʿΪߵֻͣҪһɻɱ
׼𾳽Ĵܣתߡ
Ŷµߣûס
ˣ̻˲ᡣ
Űÿ춼ʵϢԽԽļ壬ʼεı뵽ⳡսС
̬ԣҲУ
ֻѡҪôңҪôؼң
磬ױˡ
ս赲
ؼǱߣҪͨһΣͳһ磬İǵһ죬ʵѾʮˡ߿ڳīߣ˵ʱ򣬲˭ǵǰǶֱѹȥү£Ϊ֮ǰǼ𡭡ģҲֻһӰˡûǼ£ؼҲһЩġ
ʱ䣬һֱڳīߣ߿Ҳ֪̫Щ飬ڿοīΪԸоīӵĳĬԼƴ
ڱ߿һ¡
ѹŻжѹ̫󣬺пֱӰ˸ѹ
˵ЩҶ֪Ҳ֪ؼֵĶ󣬶һйϵļ塣ۿЩһΪϺˣȴʲôˡҺѹī˵Щ䡣
үҪʵ𣿡һԱīųĸ꣬ͻȻһ䡣
īһۣ˵
ʵүѾ㹻ˣҿ⹧άʲôʵˡ˵ٹһԪǰǸԻʱĴ˵ЩүʱҲûүô㡣
ǰǸʱعû䣬ΪȻѣȴԲϣûСô˵ɣʱЩˣǷһԪǰٻһ롭ܹ̤·ʱѡ߿˵үҪЩ̫࣬ЩȫûʸүᲢۣ


1225 ؼҵĵ
īЦʲôأվʱȻ츳׿شƣҲΨһ̾Ϣ·ϣҪ̸ףңؼȻҾô㣬ڵȥԿؼңҲѻʯ
Լʧȥ𣿡߿ųīɲʶǸүȻʶʱ䲻ǴӵжԿʼʶǸүһ֪ЭΪ˫ޱߣʼնδĺϣῡܡǰѱüСӡ
һֹ׷ˣҲӦǸ˫ĴӢۣ
ûʧȥġīðɣǶеüҺܲʡǿˡںؼңؼƷ췭ظ
Ǿȥʺ˵˵ս۷Ź⡣һ֮ǰԹīûųȻԸɷؼʿء
߿ԥһ£Ҳ˵ûǣ
أīʵ
ûлһʱԼΪǱ˴˼Ѿһپ٣䣬Ҳùȥͱ߿һ˿꣬ϡȥܵش侳綼ģŪҲһͬ䡣
ܴ󡣡ζ˵
ǰܴ⵽һ֮ء߿˵ؼ£ûһ˻Ϊүʱ򣬵ؼҡ
˵ؼҾǿĵ棬ǸվûиգЩˣҲδضڼмءǴ󲿷ֵѾǲȥĴʱȥ˵벻ջء
ī۾ʱһ뵽ЩԼϵܵѣļ嶼ؼȻóһΪʲôԼʮ壿
뵽֮󣬳ī
ؼƴ󣬲١ܴͬޱߣкܶ룬ｮ֮ڣụֵ̂طҪһˣʵټ򵥲
ͨʿܱݳ˳ī־磬ˮͨ£䣬ݳķλ
˵ʵڲС·أ
¶·ȥ
ԣʱ򣬿ԽԼйصˣȫ·ȥ
·ǧ꿪һΣԼʱ룬ЩȴУ
ȵǧ󣬸ֻᷢı仯˭Ҷԣ
ôˣīһĨּĹâ

ˮЩǵĿŰ壬棬ֻгīոմ·ʱһ仰Һܺã㱣ء
ֻ֮֡ԣţ뺣ްӦ
Ű棬ûйڳīֵϢˮһ㡣Щ
·֮ˮǱ߾ѾؼҵĶ
ͬ߿ī˵ûгī·ХһΣؼҲͬұĽڣԸһйصЩֵġ
ǵʮ꣬ݷʮ꣬ȵľǽʱ
ؼҿؼҵĴʱѾˣ
硭н磬ӽ󣬾Ҫˣ
һսΪһʷ
ӽнеԴؼҵģ
ڿʼжȵ渴յһ̣н糹췭ظһ졣
ˮԶһҪǿö࣬Щδؼҵļӡ
ˣˮմ·͵õ˼ϢҴҵĸϻȥһڽ֡
û뵽㡭֮ǣӦڳīϡ
ạ̃Ӧ뵽ġ
ܹһ뵽£ǰвãôĽܾͻһ
٣ؼ׼𾳽ĴܣЩʿһ뿪֮ǡ
˵ʲôˣؼҶиһйصļ壬Ĺ
ڱеļվӡЩ壬ؼұȣֱվؼһߡ
˵ң˵ңٱϹټҡҡЩīйԹļ壬ȫԥֱվؼһߡ
д塢ɣǵδķչؼҵʵ֮Ҳƫؼҵѡ
磬˵Ƿӿ
ңһ
һȫսչǾͽһֲĿս
ʱ򣬿ɾͲѪɺӣѪɺ
ʱ㵽أʲôˮŰ壬˽㣬֪ؼͷڹӣʱ򣬿žҪؼذɣǧҪؼҵĵ̣Ѱ˵ؼҵÿһǳأ̻ſֲķүү֮ԲͬЩؼҵĽ顣һȻΪ׻ƴʵǣԸںģһ桭ֺγΪؼûôô򰡣֪ؼʮǰģǵʿǵķ󰡣
ˮ˵ţֱӽԼǣдŰϣ͸ī
ϣīܹ


1226 ӵķ
īˡ
ûлظǸͱ߿˵ؼʮǰģǷһ
˭˵ģ߿΢΢üͷ𣿡
šīܿ϶ĵͷһǳֵεѡ
ǾЩ鷳ˡ߿૵ⶫչ죬ѾЩˡн磬·ҲãҲãһָо˶ǳӶ󡭡ԼһЩͨƺûйȥǰӡʵǴģҲãҲãǷҲáЩܹͨһţ޵¡ǷֶˣʵǷʤҪǣһµķǷȼǿס𣡡
ȻԪЩʿͨĶûж˽⣬޳ܵһֶΣҲֻյĶ
˵ţСĵĿһ۳īҿɲ˵㡣
ī˸ۣԹĿ
ͷεø˹һûûУôӢ䣬ôᱻأ
īƲƲ죬ûдǸͨûа취Աֱܿϳ
˲һ϶Ĵ𸴣С
Уī־ϲûָа취ô棬Ҳվֻһ͵ķ
ܻʹ𸴸ī֡
֣Գī˵ȴѾ㹻ˣ
ܻѪ£־ǰ׽еģڣκҪжԳīֵˣԳɹ
īڵõ֤֮ıøˡڸϣű߿һ𣬳ؼصķȥ
ʮ󣬳īڽ뵽ؼҵĵ̡
һ·ϣī·˴ؼҵĳǳأ΢һܸ֮Ӧÿһǳľ޴Щ̺ŵóīľ·ǳǳ棬ݷһͷͷֲԶһ㡣
ǹϢ׼ɢϢҪֲ
ЩпܣǸ߳𾳽ķ
һ¾٣ֻҪҪǻƳǣһᴥеĻأͬҪ档
ǷĿֲ֮
ֱܹ£ֱƿȻȻǱ롣
ֱ£һٸУһûСǾͨ󡭡ԷҲδƽ˷ı£Ȼƽ⣬ҲҪķѴʱ䡣ںķѴʱ֮飬Ѿ䶨
Ĺǧ򻯡һַ󣬴һֵݻ
־Ĵܣ۷壬ڵ˵ȴֻǡĳʼ
ֻǵĳʼ̸ֺݻ
Щˣͬ׵Ĳ͸Լ·еһС
ΪѾ漰˷Ĳ棬Ҫ־磬ǲеġ
ǷӵˣͼֽǾͿԸɻԭȴࡣ
һֱʿʮͷ۵һֶ
ʱΪԭǸӶЩ˷á
ϾǿҲĶ̰壬ֻܲһطűзĵطֻʣһЩϵĴҲΪûǿķʦ·ҪôʧЧҪô޷ӳģҲû
ķʦҪôڳһųҵүʧ³ӣҪôؼҡ
߿͸ԷûʲôоȻҲܲؼЩǳص
īϸǽ֮Ÿо֮
߿Щпĵȥֻ˵ûʶĿ¡ôһ˵ⷨ˵˵޴ס
ֲؼôţͼѹ磬ԭǵĵ֮һǳأܹסķ󡣡
߿˵ôؼҵϣӦûиӿֲķ󡣡
īЦЦ֮ǰһֱڸҹľе𣿡
߿ҡҡͷûȷܵؼҵĿ֮ˡ
꿴ųīӦб͵͵ȥɣ
īЩɻĿŸ꣺ôôģ
귭˸ۣ·֮Ļ֮ضܴȥ㣿
߿ųīΪȻĵͷǰƬ֮أ޾ˡȿȣ޾˺ܶʱ䣬ûܳɹ
īЦЦʱŰ棬ٴδϢĲ
ī룬Ű忴һۣ΢΢üͷ
ϢȻˮģī㵤ˣѾվؼһߣȻŻ˵Ҫֻҩ¯ĺˣı²󣬵ƶ˵ı첻С
ӣˮһֱָīݸֵһֵϢˮܹõ鱨۶ôܣȫһʱ֪ī
īûлظȴСʱ򣬳īҲһ
㣡
ǸŮݺƵǸˡ
ʱ򣬳īŰϣٴδ
ƷϢ
ˮһӣҲڸīŸ鱨
һΣˮһǰһ󣬺ɺϵᵽͬһ顣
Сĵĺˣ㡭Ǹڲǵĺ֮һ·Уõ˴Ե
īϣ¶һ˿Цݡ
㡭أ
㡣


1227 ؼ
ƣһ·췭ظľ޴仯·ϵõԵʵ̫࣬ÿûԵ˶ᱻ֪һЩ˿·ϻõĻԵ
֣ڴ֮ǰīȻҲ·Ҳ͸޴ӵ֪·ϼ޾򣬳
֪֪Ӱīĸйۡ
൱ĳޣһīŹ
īŸ꣬߿һ𣬼ųؼҵǰС
һգؼҵΧؼҵصıԵҲͻʣǧѾܹԵĸоĽ䱸ɭīҲòʼϢС¡
Ͼġ
ؼҵأλһƬãȺɽС
濴ȥƺûж֮īڶ֣֮ؼҵأ൱
ŨȫصķΧ֮ڣû˿йɴ˿ƶϣؼҵأ񻹴ǿķʦ
йҪγĳ̶ˡ
ڻԾֳ棬Ҳδزܷ
ȴܰд뵽ҲƬطʲôͬѰ֮
ؼҵҲѾ̫û˽ˡжôƫƧǺӣҴ
ϾҪˣʲôţҪҪȽȥһǵעԾԾԡ
߿̲ס˸ۣȥһʲô׼ʥҩ׼ʥ
ЩĵһʲôҵٶȿĺܣǷӦеҩȫһߣ
īͱ߿ȫһ̲ס뷭ۡΪ
𼱣ĵҩܲ˵ġī˵
߿ͷطָоҴȻĻܻܿᴥķ󡣡
оз𣿡ʵ
߿һ죬˳ǵûо
Ҳûоâ˸ܸܵΣա
ֲߵĸ֪ͺǿ󣬸˵׼ʥҩĴˡ
īߡ
˵ţīӸǰ棬Ȼ˵סǧˣȻĻǺܻܿᱻ档
ͱ߿໥һۣӶԷпһĨη֮ɫڷ棬ɲġ˵ֱӱǿ治Ц
Ըͱ߿ȫСĸڳī
īĶ飬һʮֵλߣżҪ˻һξ룬ߡ
ѾطһֻӬɲīüͷ˵ţϣҲ塣е㻳ɣؼصˣַɲˣԼڲˣҪ߳Ҳ̫ס
˵˼ﶼͼء߿˵
īҡҡͷͼҲ˭ߵġҪǲµûؼҿ϶ⷨ
е̫˰ɣȻܴ󣬵ôа𣿡Щš
ī˵ǼǰһͻȻָǰһʬ˴·ǲؼҵģ
ͱ߿ɴ۾Ķ
ôû
ȻȫһɵĿī
ī΢΢ҡͷаԾ裬ؼķ󣬹ȻǿԼ֮вܱܿĹؼҲܿеһЩ߿͸꣬ȴȫ
ʲô߿ųīʵ
һʬȥӦЩͷˣŵ·ؼҵķװī˵һؼҵӵܣС뵽Уˡ
ī˵ţһ۱߿𶯡ȻǸط
ÿһīߵʮСģΪвͻᴥķʮɵľ룬īһʱ䣬ڽӽǾʬ
ǰһǿʿѾ֪ȥˣȻáüƺҲʹ֮ɫīųʶӦһ£Ӧһ˿ѵϢ
˵ֱߣһ
īȻ˳Զ·ء
ͱ߿ȫɴ۾ԾĿųīۿīͻȻʧģȻֿīһķֲܿʵ
īּƯû˿ҡ
ҽؼҵһٰʮճӵܡұڷеĵʮܸ꣬оԼϱ˥ͣĴϼȡйʣйԹޣҲŭޱȡڣȫԷˣΪҾҪˣ˵һִѡ
ī΢΢üţ벻˾Ȼؼһճӵܡôʲôԭ򣬱طȡʲô˼¿ȥ
ĴڣΪ˱ؼزšڿȴһ䡣˭뵽ؼҵķеĸȴҪؼҵճӵܵؼҵ겼·λĳ⵽ǱؼҺˣҪؼҺˣһֱɣ·ˣǲؼҵˡ


1228 е
ؼԼĵճӵܣȻỳԼȣⲻܲ˸еԾ˸еԾģȴȻҪͨؼҵճӵܵת
īжоһɹɵĺֻð̲סؼҵճӵһɻⷨؼ沼µģ
ɻ󣬳ī¿ȥ
ÿһ꣬ƱҪһؼҵճӵ٣ԣÿһճӵܣ˵ӺСʱ𣬾͹սսС˿ԽǷǡ±һФñӣǾΣˡҵĸĸǽңҪ͵ɹšܰ裬ǸңؼʮǰѾȻսľûκιϵΪ߳ܡ׻ƴ֮ʣΪ綥壬ͷڹꡣΪؼҺ˵ң뷨֮ѣ
⣬īϣ¶һ˿ѵõЦ⣬棬ѾȥؼӵܣǶһ˿⡣Ǹеĵˡ
׻ƴȻķѣôһ硣ؼҲ˵档ۼеĹּǡ伮ѷ֣ʮǰǳս֮ؼˣʵܻ̿֡ҲǸʱһؼȻ¡ȫʢ֮ʣȻҲҪСĿģȻǷֹһЩŵĴǰ
൱͸
ī̾ϢµϵҲĸȤˣī棬ܻܿʾһ޴ܡ
ؼҶڷһרˣóͼ֮õ˵ͬⷨ󣬴ͼĽṹϱɿǾ˫ǣûκ㣡ؼڲˣϤ˴¡ûа취뿪˵ˡ
Ѿ֤ʵī֮ǰжˣⷨ󣬹ȻؼԼҪȥûôס
ʱ棬ȫûᵽⷨᷢһΡÿһηҪһؼҵճӵܵľѪιȻγһֲɱ󣬽ڲؼȫɱȵеǰʶµʱʲôѾˡȴû뵽ͻȻ䱻ˡؼһΣЩǿ汲ܣ˴գûʮǰԿս֮ϣȴԼ˵֮¡һΣıڱ¶ԭ棬Ѿħ帽壬ˡǿؼңӲħƿУŪڹ֮䡣ԴˣӡԼ棬ͬΪΪȻգ޷ٵ󡣳оģ÷һʮؼҵճӵһ
ī⣬̲ס¶֮ɫ
ħ壡
һҪī壬һͻȻķʽǰ
˭뵽һԪǰԻͶʢؼңȻѾħƿء
ħˣǶһؼλȨص棬ȻԷһΪڣⷨ󲻵ܹߵ֣ͬҲһ᲻ɴݵؼڲˡסˣ
û֪Ǹħʲôطû֪жٸħ塣ؼߣһҪģأǷֱÿһΡؼѪɺӣ
ļأʮ䣬ؼһμҵķϾ¹ϵǵǿԾܾУɱͷڹꡣȴټһ壬Ϊħū͡ǲʧȥô򵥣ǻʧȥ꣡
һӴļ壬˶û꣬һֺεȱ飿
ûֳ棬̫¡
μҵķնʧܸˡһʮˡʮˣһؼҵճѪеٮٮߡ
˵ÿһηؼҶԪˡ
һηԼǰǴΣҲʧΪصһΡؼңճһеľӢʮȥ߰ˣ
ҲһΣ״ؼеģѡΪһ·
ħ峼
ӡԼһֱ£еĵճѪȫбħӡ
У޷ܵǣһؼҡϵ£Ȼûһ˼ħ
˵ֻнԼӡ˵λ£Ҳûеõ֤ʵ
һǿƥļ壬Ȼһûĵ˻ĸ²ˣ˼ҵūֳͣ裬һѪԵˣ¶޷ܡ
û취£Ϊħūͣ뽫ǳ߹û뵽ǣѡСΪһһεѪߡ
ʡԹߡŭգ֮ǰȴ׽ˡ
ȡҵɣߣⱾҵĻǸĻô㣬ؼҰɣȻ壬վΪûħ壬һ磬Ȼؼҿʼ½ҵϣһö棬ͼ


1229 
ī˶Щ˵Щ滰ĬĬĽⱾݸһԵı߿
߿ɻĽӹһĿʮеĿ꣬Ҳˡ૵⡭ģ
ȻǷеİȫ㣬֮󣬳īʱøӾ衣ֱӼ¯ֱ֮ӽȻű߿ÿŶж󣿡
߿˳ǣ˵֮Ҳƣ¹ϵԼҵ˽ҾãŶȼߡˣ˵һö˲ȡȻʲôıҲûϵ
īҡҡͷԼ
˵ţֱٴߵߣҵöȻ˻
߿ųī˵ʲôīڰ֣ûΪðϰߡ
߿УһĨж֮ɫ
īֱӷųһ뵽öСûʲôΣգҲûиʲôʾ
󣬳īʶ뵽öУʼۿ
ͼ֮ͲѱܿΣյȫͬͼУΣյ㣬ȫһĿȻǸؼħ壬Ϊȡؼһǿ棬ûͼ϶κֽš
ʵһı㡣ҪǱˣôȻҲˡϧǣʱؼңеľȫ˳һʱıϡôû뵽үؿ㵽ǲ˼飻û뵽⣬Ǽڲ
īҲףΪʲôХôʹ޳һˣΪʲôЩؼˣڻ˷ĴһԭǽȫƵ˳һϡǿ϶Ǿã겻Ϊ˷һıؼҾͲܲ󣬲󡭡ȻͲкЩ顣
˵Ѿбħӡؼˡ綼ѾóŤˣ
Ҳѹֹﻹ֪͵޵ؼҡΪؼңͲӪеһԱˣѾħ壬ħ
ô߿ųīʵ
īͷ߹İȫ໥ӡ֤һ£ͼûκ⡣ģ
߿ϣһĨ˷֮ɫ漴¶֮ɫħ塭ǿ󣬶û壬ѵҪʼΪ˼𣿡
īű߿ħж˽⣿
߿˵˽Ҳֻ࣬޾˵һЩħ顣ħҲ콾̤Ϲ·ȥ޾Ҫ·϶ɱеʿ
ī̲סһ벻ħ徹Ȼӵ̶ֳȡ޾Ӧǵ飬˵ÿǧ꣬ͻʧһľĻò˼꣬綼ʽ΢
ΪԶ֪ħ·֮һףЩв
߿˵ã޾ûдӦԷǸħ˵ȻʿǱϾͬ壬ˣħôܸȥ
ī˵ͷͳ仰սһ
߿ǳ˳飬˵㻹ٽһ·ɣǧʱ䡭ͳɸ߽׵ˣôȥ
߿Ҳûж˵ʲô˵޾˵ħܿ£ǲ·ΪţҪ·ȡͬʱҲ籩¶ԼʮǰǾͱһĲҽ׻ƴ򣬵ʮĽ죬ǿҪжˡ
Ȼ¡ī̾Ϣһ뵽꣬뵽Ѫħ棬Ҳ뵽ѪħǱЩצټһֲؼҡһʱ䣬īȻһ亹Ȼо磬ֻʣ±ƽȴѾӿ
ؼͻȻıƵܶඥŴ塢ɷ׷վһߣЩˡȴ֪ǲվؼһߣǡΪħİף
һ飬һȥҪͱģ
˵Ȼ£ֻڷӡ磬࡭ҲֻҪɱīˡȴûҪٵ׻ƴ
ħ塭Ҫģȴͼı׻ƴ
һǵóѣ׻ƴ壬¶ޱҡ
ħóѣȻ硢ɽ硢硭е壬١׻ƴ򣬽˼߿̾Ϣ֮ǰ·飬û̫о磬ؼҡ֪ЩϢͻȻ֣ѾޱϾˡ
īһ룬һ´ǣȻˮƺͳ壬ȺһϢȥȻ󣬳īŰ壬ű߿˵
߿һ۳īУƽЦŵͷ£ô£ȻҶѾһˣټͻȻ䷢֣ϱһпܳΪӢ֮ۡ£Ҳûôˣ
ʱ򣬳īһһԵĸ꣬꣬߰ɣ껹㡭£Ҳ۵㡣
귭˸ۣѴ˵ĶԻ֪ʲôЦ̫СˣΪү¡ôٵˠүң˵ɣôǣ


1230 Ѫ
īеͼȻ󵭵˵Ƭأ󣬻ؼأһɣ󣬲һסؼңͬҲһ޴Ĵħ彵ٵģ
ɴ۾ųīĴˣүϲ
īͷߣսӣҲû˭ˡ
߿ЩǵĿųīƬأ󡭡Ҳᡣ
īЦҲʣ
ǡ𣿡߿ʵ
īͷԼͿԣ
ң
Ҳң
߿͸
߿ųīУ¶˷ܺͼ֯Ĺâ˵ṳ֮̂ǰҶȻȴû̫ĹС̤Ƭصһ˲䣬ܸоڵѪڷڣҵļ磬ҵĹʱŷ֣ҶƬصĸ飬ʵңԸΪԣ£һҪң
˵үⱲԸһ춯صĴ¡ţܳΪʥҩҲ㾪춯ءϧү֪֮ٶĵҩ̼׼ʥҩүҲɲ˵Ȼ̤һǾͲɴľ춯ص顣ڽҲкܶ˻ү˵һ׼ʥҩΪ壬
īϣ¶Цݣ˵һڣỤȫ
ˣ׼ʥҩһڣүͲȥ
һҩȫ̲סЦ
ʱ򣬳īŰ壬ʼĲ
īûȥ֪Щڵʲô϶Ͻ뿪ؼأصȫ¼ᣬ㡣
ʱҴ
ؼѾʼˣħ彵ٵӣ϶̫Զˣ
ħʱпܻͨؼｵٵ硣
һʱ򣬿ɾʲôˣ
磬¶ٵС
Ϊħɴûйս֪ǵж𾳽Ĵڣ
ȻīҲǺ˽ħ壬ֶΣܸоħҪٵ磬Ҳûôף
ԣīὫΣգȫɱѿ׶Σ
£ΪĬĬŵȥ£ûлȥѰĸףȥĸף
ΪţĸĸһΪеġ
ҪƬأͱ뵽ؼҵҵۣȻڹƬصͬʱʱ򣬾ΣյʱؼҵˣԴУǻƴѰǣǻɱīһ˵ͬʱҲΪֲĽǲֵҵģ󣬻ؼҵħ壬ʹ޵ģ϶ˡ
߿˵ܵ¡
ЦǾ͸£
īͷЦԣ͸ǣ
Ѫڣˣ
ⲻɵԿһֱܣ
󣬳īͼӡ֤֮£ٵ뵽ؼҵصС
ؼ˸ûʮٴγǼڲѾȥȻһԤϵģһͼ
ⶼȫ벻⣬ΪͼΪʲôߣͼؼҵ߻ܣϸƿڼ˵Сôõ
Щ⣬Ƕ벻
ԣؼ£Ҳûܹ뵽ǻȫʼһͬʱһǸΨһжѾص
īžֻʮƬƻֺķݣԸͱ߿˵ƬطڣҸܵʮǿϢ
жǿ߿ʵ
׼ôǿī˵
߿ʱһ鴤ǵĵӡ
κˣʱ¶̲ס
ҪĵطһȺȫ򲻹ĵ
ô죿
߿һҧԳīһݣˣʱ䣬ȥ߼عһۣпܣʬ˵ţ˵ˣδˣ޾ȥˣ
īһסʲô
ȥЩ˰߿˵˳룬ǹأȻа֮أ
ȥˣܶ͵ñֱӴī˵һ㶼֪ǵطжٰ˾쾳ĵ𣿡
߿һΣô죿
ī룬һԱߵһɽȻһĨ⣬˵а취ˣ
滷ɽڵĵطһء
ԭⲢûʲôΪһȺԺ绽Ĵоסĵطܱ͡ˮ͵
㵹ˮأ
īϣͻȻ¶һĨȤζЦݡ
һ·ͷѡ¯µ֮赲˵ϢйʩʩȻؼҵĺĸصС
īţͲĴǰðһˣī˸棬ȻҴ۵Сۣȫסˡ


1231 
Ϊ˷ֹϢйīҷųʶ̽飬ûиܵвʱҲʱصĴ̽顣
ˣΪԼҵĵϣζ벻Ȼһˡ
ؼңʮûй飡
ԣֱ̫ˣ
ؼҵӵܣֱӾסˣ
ǰһͷģ͵ľ޺ˣһãȻ
Ȼ𣬸ûκԥһצӾ˳ȥ
צ̺޾ķ
ϲ˿˿ƣӿɱ
飡
Ѿеؾؼʿͱĵ
Ҫһ뵽ʱͣವһ˻
һз̫죬ؼҵĵʿһֱˡ
īЩĿɿڴոҲţȻûսӡ
߿ǿЩɵۣľĿŸ꣬ΣŹ졭
ʱһ۴ƬƻֺķУǵصֹ
¸Ķٿ죬ԷȻ
īһֱӼ˲Ȼ󡭡Ӵ󿪣
ǿֲĺˮһ㣬԰Уһ϶к¡
䣡
ؼأһɲǣ˲䱩ˣ
Ӱȫ
Ŀӿ̫󣬳īһ£㵹˴·ϴǺˮһУ䣬ͱǺˮʴޣ
ͬƬƻֺķһ۴أֱӱһ
ʲôˣ

ؼط
ҳǣ
һʱ䣬д֮
סˣȫŰȫ·ߵؼ汲ܣݺУȡ
ؼصˣȫˡ
в˵СĴ󡭡˲䱻ɱ
òؼ汲ܷŭ
ҲֲؼҵЩˣϾѾʮû˴ƽϰС뵽гһջᷢ飿
īºԥֱʩչˮͨƬأú嫵ľڶȥײлء
һʱ䣬ؼأĽ֮ϣһɹˡ
ͱˣ
նըˣ
ֱֲ̫ˣڳīˮͨĳ֮£ֱӱµɱ
䣬ؼϵ飬ͱĥ˾ųɣ
ЩѽȸħˣûüΪħЧûиܵκʹ࣬˲ͻ˳ʧƬصС
ɲǼ䣬ʶڳīϡ
ؼǿߣųīֱӳ
ǲ֪˭ǵУѾˣ
޲ܽʬΣ
ֱ̫ȱˣ
ֶҲ̫ˣ
Ȼ䣬ֱӻؼءˣˣѴ̣
ѻԼڣؼҵҲΪԼͶħΡͻȻֵѣǵıֺͷӦЩ༸ûκβ֮ͬ
һп־壬һеŭ
ͬʱھطʮһƬɽУȻ䱬һɿֲƥƣǵأѹ·Ҫ
ī˲оȫһ䣬ȫµѪҺһɲǶҪһ㣡
ͷʼ죬·ϻԵȫµĵ澳֮ٴֻƣóī
Ȼܣһɾ˳ӿ
̨ͬĴ֮óī˲ѹһȻĿʮǸ૵𣡡
ؼҵԭҪգȻ٣ٴμӿĸչ̣
ܴѹУܵǹɷŭ
ŭ̫ˣûܵһŭ
īͬܲ
ڣںڵֿڻǿѪˣ
һѪ˳ųī
Եı߿ǲֱ̱ڵϣ˿л¯ıӻѾˣ
û󰭣Ͼ׼ʥҩս϶𣬵ƣȴҲѹ
ֱһƬҶӵ߿ͳĵͦסˣ
ʱīߣ߱췢ɱޱߣ¯޾Ļ֮ڶԿơ
ϣеĿѪȫ𣬱貶Ŀԡ
޾ĴģӲ汬˲γһս£Զ˳īϡǷսɢĲͬ춯ء
óīֱӴӾ޴ѹУѳĿʮǸ򣬺Ȼ죬һŭ𣺡ؼϹʮǰ㵱ͷڹ꣬ӭУʮȴħ߹궼ˣ֪ܵ϶ʲôϣ˼ͷųϢѹˣǺЦǵ޵еĴڣҲħū͡߹ڣҲǣԶǣ壬Զڳ棬÷

һ춯صʮⱬС˭㡭Լйصÿһˣˣ
һԳ棻һԣ˲仯ּƬҵգд֡
СүѽīվЦһϹѣʲôţбѽ
¡¡
һˣʮ⣬ɢ޾ɱ˲ī


1232 Ӳ
ʱ׼𼸺Ѿ޵У˵ˣߴڡȻһԪǰǸԻͲõʱҲվ۷ǿߡ
ǿߣ
һ˵֣µεȾأ
ֵ˲䣬Ĳ񷶼·һӰӦȫԾؼصķ
кܶ˯ϱͬʱ˫ۣ˸ԵúܳԾ
ˣ
Ļ̫ˣҲϡϽӡҪǡΪһСģͻԶ˯޷աɹգݺ磬ܵа
ؼҵĸˣⲻһϢ
ûһλ硭Ҫˡ
ܶϱﶼǵе
ؼڼ˰ţ׷Ӧ١
û취˲пᣬһɱһѿơħתһΣȴǳīģ
Լĵ뵽˷ˮͨУֱӹһأÿһأ
һȻħ٣Ҳֻһеķ
ؼҸյ޼˳īԹޣһԸӵĳ̶ȡԣһγ֣ûпκκ½ҲҪɱ˳ī
䣡
䣡
䣡
һһĹâгȻһӽؼյ淢Ĺɢˣ
ɲͨĹâÿһƹâУ޾ķ
û֪ʵ
⣬ҲǳīһλĵѾܹסģγв
ؼҸոոյ棬ѪѪ
ÿһζĥƬɽӣɱĵ
ڣһڣ
СؼĿѣ˶ˡ
ӡ꣬һֱڳ˯Ϊ˵ȴʱĸգҪؼһͳ磡
Ѿҵ˽⿪ħӡķ
Ҫһ̸ףôԸƣνͶνħǲ໥ã
ΪˣϧؼҵճӵܣҲҪȥΪ˽гһգܹʵǸҰ
Ҫؼҳưн磬ҪнеԴԼһ
Ǹϲû飬Ҫ
񣬾ѾʱȴͻȻһСȻֻɾ磬ȴ׻ʮĲã
ʮ갡
ȻҲôã
ӡԼʮ꣬ѵΪ˵
ޣ
̫ˣ
֮Ƕ̫ˣ
ؼţԿʩչһӦеʵ
ֶξô
󡭡ڲ
Ĺţӿؼҵ棬Ҫĥ
ҵ޵У˭ֿܵ˻б޾ܣ
ķ񹥻֮£Ȼıˣ
ǿķҲҪӦķʦٿأڣȴͬһƥֵҰǿķʦҲͬ޲ߡ
ؼԭóǿҲң
ؼŭǰһ·һԽ³ӣھīĵط
룬˵𣬾ǶԴ޽˵ҲʲôҪһͷ顣
Ҳ൱ˣȻʧȥ˿ƣȻɵ
ٴαɭɱĵ֣ӳգγǿĹɱ
һνؼ浲
ؼҵϣ޺ϣÿһ˲䶼дؼӵ٣󼸺ںˣ
īͷŻ¯ͱ߿ȫСߣҪ뿪ΪĿѾﵽ
սܸ׼սһǶ֡ͻᱻκλᡣ
ߣ̸ף
ⷽأѾױˡ
·š
߿ˣ֪о߰ɣˣ
ҲԲ뵽ִ浱УԠү˵ѾǴ޺ˣˣ߰ɣ
īһԲ߶Ż¯ͬʱȻڹһصķˮơ
ҧгݣҲڷݣ
ۣ
һѪ˳ųīˣᡣ
ȴǿʩչ𾳽ʩչǿˮͨ㼶
ҲǳīǿƥӵԶĵСˣһ۷ʱҲѾˡ
㼶ôʩչ
ֱժƬҶӣ͵īһ۵ı顣
׼ʥҩҶӣûôࡣһҲֻаʮƬҶӶѡÿһƬҶϣ̺ĺ׹ǻˣһͼʿ˲ʵǡ
Ƭ׼ʥҩҶڣī񣬼һصľؼسױһ˼
ɫƽһ˿Ϸʣ֮ؼ棬ûһ˿ɫ
·˵϶Ҿ͵壬ҺΣ
һȺħ߹ūͣͳͳȥ


1233 ر
ˮͨؼϳ˳īʩչĺͨҧгݣĶųīȻֱӼһ
һѽɫС
Сֻаƴ󣬽˸ӵķģޱȡɢŲɣϵϢ
һԶŵķ
һ
СϢûͷųκεϢȻʮ־ɵƿؼ䱩ϢųīֱӼ
䣡
ֱīʣɫС棬Ȼ䱬һɸƥϢ
Ϣ캳أ
Լ
ǿ󵽲˼飡
ˣ
¯һ¯ɳ˲ķģγһ
ͬʱĺԻ¯з
ƺҲڸգ
ҩ¯Ȼдáؼϳ˻¯һĨȣ˵˭ôô༫Ʒ
ϣ
ɫСޱȣֱƿ˻¯ķķķɢɢؼ䣬Ȼųī
ɱޡ
춼һƿ
¯˲䱬ׯϺϢһĸգ
Σͷǿб
ʵһֶ൱ص˻Ƿº֢Ҫܶʱָܻ
Ҳû취顭ƾīסؼһ
¡¡
ǰѽɫСݺײڻ¯棬űڻ¯еĸꡢ߿һ𣬼ϳīֱӱԶԶĺ˳ȥ
Ȼл¯ıӻ߿Ȼ̲סһȫĹͷһ룬ͻȥ
Ҳ̫ܣȻ׼ʥҩսûȣ̫ˣȻûлȥҲ˶١
īҲ죬кܶǶѿˡû
¯棬ɫСһֱӴϰ;Ĺ϶Ի¯𹥻µĥ¯һС
ʱ򣬳īϵĲ߱ɢϢ¯ֵ
ī͸꣬Ҳûܳסֱӻȥ
Ĺ̫ǿˣͶס
ȴΪؼһֱӱ͵˷ıԵش
֮£Ȼؼ涼Щɵˡ
ŭɶ
÷һҪߴͬʱŭܣɱ㣡
īѾȥˣؼǻ¯Ȼųīƴⴳ
ѹʵ̫
һױķ󣬲ֵңһĽҪĥеһУ
߱Ͳȫ貶ĿĹâƴɱƴųī
Щȫ飬
ؼĿֲֻĵ¯Ǹ˿Ҫ˷ķΧŭħˣĶϽⷨͣˣ
Ҳ롭ԿƣһԶ
ԿҲҪסȺ쵰Ū󣬵Ҳ֣ҵļˡǸؼ
Ҳ룬˭֪ᷢ飿԰꣬Ŭǵ
ǡҵļˣؼҧгݣֱӳ֣ʼռؼҵЩճӵܡ
ʱ¯ıԵشҲֻʣ¼ۿžҪȥˡ
ؼҵһŬԼҵӵܣһƤֻѳѸʧӰٵĵ¯˶Ҫ̣һȻûм˵ʲôһĨɱ⣬ȴҪγʵˡ
¡
ؼҵؼȻڱī֮ǰƬأΪֶΣûؼҵؿҲסˡ
ؼеľȫīȡһգ߸
ؼأǳ׷ϵˡ
¶еؼҲһ١һԪǰؼҾӦñˣүӴӴֳؼΪ׻ƴĻ֣ȴȴħҪӡ
үӵµҲĺ
ԣؼأվǱˡ
ؼҵļʮħǿߣ֣ͬǽͣɵʧЩħǿߣ̲סĿɿڴᡣ
ؼطչ죬Ѿһٶ˿ڣЩˣȫؼҵճһ
ȵֹͣʱ򣬾ֻʣˡˣǱؼ¡ʣһˣǽӹһٵġ
˱ų֮󣬿ĿؼأȫһľһЩ̲סޡ
ؼҵĿǼʮħǿߣ˵ħĵӦؼҵؼҺö˶һ壬ħķУ
ЩħǿߣȻ֪ؼλѾͶħ壬ѾħӡĿ־壬ȴȻǿҡ
һ𾳽ĴܣҪɱǣʵټ򵥲
ûֹͣʱ滹еڣؼԹʧǵҲɢˡ
һħߣǰؼҵ˵һ⡣˭뵽ȻܹǱҾȻܹƬصĴƣȻⷨ󣿡


1234 Ѫ
һ⣬жǵΣһ˭뵽ؼҰ˿ڵؼȱ䣬ҷǳǿӲǾЩħ廹ãھͰȫɱͷ
ˣҲźħһɬĵⷨħҪͨˣЩˡ϶ûһܻȻ⵽ĳͷҪ飬ҳǸˡ磬ķҪǸ˲ⷨãȫȥٵħĴơɾͳʧˡ
ʧָҺθɣؼҵĵճ񣬼һʧؼ˵УΪҲ֪ǲؼҴӵ뿪ԭ򡣵ħٵʱҪôؼҵճѪѪͨ𣿡
ħЩΣӲͷƤ¡Ҳ֪ô
ߣؼҵһÿɷ
£ǻϱħħˣһӦеĲħһ˵
ϣǲʧؼҵĮ˵ħħ֮䣬ȷǴĳֲ˵ڵЭ顣ؼҵ治٣־͵λԼŮ˵Щδʲôأ
ȻǸˣҾͻȥ󣡱ΪҲ֪Ƿʲôطؼ˵ԣÿ㹵ͨħӦøҵĲ
ǼʮħǿߵһսǶ֪ؼλ˿жŭŭһǳħȥģ
ԸκˣħԹ¶ؼλ滹ܱ侲ûзĶǳ֣ѾǸˡ
Ǹøʲô͸ʲôȥɣԺؼҵ顣ؼҶѾˣħ˵Ψһüֵģˡؼҵĵ˵üסħˣزֻ֡ħЩ
һȺħУȫ¶֮ɫλݵߣԿȫͷĬĬƿȥʧ֧ؼء
ʱزֲųȥ˷ϣĿȺҴߡ
Щˣ˿ȫ̲סزǰĬĬᡣ
һߣؼҵĵطâ
طâҲһλž޵콾ġֵһʱ򣬾Ѿ̤˵۷徳硣Ǵﵽ׼ĲΡ
ûз֮ǰطâ־˳Ϊµһһ׼
֮ǰӸشЩϢҲӡ֤طâƾջ룬磬Ѿмʮ塢ɣѡվؼһߡһйϵЩ壬ҲѾ˲١ȻһЩ©֮㣬طâţһЩ塣ֻʱ⡣
͵ʮ꣬ݷʮ꣬ȵľǽ죡
нĴƣؼһߣ
ûܹıʵκ˶Բܣ
ζû뵽ؼɳǿķʱǵĺءȴ˻ԵĴ
ڡطâ˵֣棬һ仰Ҳ˵ˡ
ز¶ָӵĹâǰλ̾Ϣһһ٣վûܶ
ڣڡô죿طâΪ˵һǵһǼ£ζû뵽˵ĸͲǼ£
ز˵һ٣ָħ彵ٵһ̣ؼңоųϵӵܱѪ󣡵ʱȻ
ֻʱǰˣûħ˳īѡ
ջģֻһˡز֡ħǱ߸زֿزȫûκΰ취ܾģ
ΪħħӦز֣³֮󣬲ؼҳΪļ塪ΪħĴˣ䡣һ͸زһͨ·
Ҫͻ𾳽磬ͱҪ߳磬߳׻ƴ򣬷пܣ
ѱӡҪȥͲܣ
ħ塭ȴ
ħѪģħ屾Ҳһ
ħҪģǽ׻ƴ򣬲׻ƴħ˫ȡ裬ֱ֮ͬϡ
طâζ벻ǰزźЩʲô
زȻźҲûоΪУȻпԸħ̸ĳ룡
磬ĴڣزֿҪƻĻħΪԣħӦԭⲻļִȥ
£ز˵Ҫһ£ɱǸҩ¯ļһ󻼡ͬʱҲҪСϵļΪǼŶۺ죡
زֿطâ뵽Ҳãô˵վҵʹ޵ģħ壬ǸˡңȻҲ⡣


1235 ı¶
ţزֿطâ飬ʱͲҪˡЩˣǼؼ٣شˣȻԶ£ؼҡȻûܹ赲ǳΪΨһߣ
طâ˫ڷһ˿ɣز֣ڣĻ𣿡
زֵͷʮǰؼңһδ٣ǵĴΣǰΣǶͦˣĴΣûеͦȥסڣ
ڣطâţһͷڵϣижѡ
ЩؼҴˣҲȫڵأزֿͷͬʱȫȼϣ֮ǰڣͲ£
ز԰һЩؼҵճӵܺ󣬲ƮȻȥʱٳһ㣬᳹ʧȥīټԳīķλҲֻʣһʵĸӦԣҲټˡ
⣬ؼҴЩӵܣѾܸмܸжˣΪǵ棬һ𾳽Ĵڣ
ִڼǧ겻˵һ仰ȴ˵˺ܶůĻǴΪжܹ衣ٴγ
طâҪصķؽ塣뷨زָˡ
ʲôЦڷؽҲÿʲôа
ؼƬ棬һǧһһԪδָܻ
Ҫؽ壬壬ĳ׷ˡ
طâҲֻһʱѪͷ侲֮ҲԼЩؼҵ͵չһԪʱ䣬̻ǺģֵطҲм轨裬Ǳ߹ȥһطҲˡ
ز뿪Щˣһ·ģѪֽ
ѾֻˡżѾʼԶ쳾
زһ߸Ӧųīһ߸ٱУûʲôϢ˷ӵȥ
߹·һ磬ݹգˡ
šǵ磬ǣǡ𣿡
䣬ҲΨֺۼɣѵٵˣ
ٳ磬Ҫ˰
زָЩƾеĸӦһ·׷ȥǹɸӦʼļ䡣
زЩԾǣǹȻһֱǰʼձ־룬Ȼһ㶼û
زͣ½ŲվУһ磬ݹղ֪زֿʼϤ־磬Ȼó֮Ҳһܱȵġ
Ƭ֮زȻ䷢һŭ𣺡ӡң
¡¡
һ춯صľ죬·һƬ޴ɽ룬Ȼ
һŭƾƬɽӵ
زַԼƭˣӦĳīƬɽеһƾ
ˮͨزҧгݣ˶ҪˡֱӴݺһƳϡ𣬾ȻϷˣûκ֪زȻоԼġ
̫ˣ
زֵ⣬У˴ķģڿƬأҪǸҳ
ڴʱн磬ΪŰϵһϢ׵궯ˣ
ؼħؼصΪħ彵ͨϢ̺Ϣȴ̫ˡֱӽн綼𺳵Ըӡ
Ϣ˷ģᣬϢģһκһ磬н磬ӵž޴Ӱ
鵤ã
ң
ˮң
˵ҺˮңΪһؼҵĶ˵ѡô鵤ãӹͱûκ˵ѵıҪ
Ƕ֪鵤õСƸī֮н飬ҲȻѡ˵Ļ
ִ£òˮġǼ٣ֱ̫׷ֱˡ
ţһϢٴн硣
ؼظ󱻻٣ؼ٣ؼ绹ϣ֪ˣ콫Ϣṩħ彵Ψһͨһħɹ磬Ϊ磬Ϊ壬ΪԼ֪ĵѣһҪԴΪأ
Ϣֱ̫ˣ
˵֮ǰϢúܶʿ²ؼô󷢳ֱ˶ϢϢءɽ硢硭˽磬ܵ
̫ˡͬķ󣬾ȻϢ
ؼҵˣȻĴХΪһŰϸܶ˴ǹལս˵Ƕؼֱ޻̸֮
ǵģΪХЩˣҲֹ֪ЧԱǵʮ㡣
һʱ䣬н磬Ϣš
ųһģҲؼҵģڰɿġ
֮н磬Ϊһ𺳵Ϣ
ؼҵЩˣʵҲЩġȫ˳ȥѰΪǼ٣ֻҪҵͽٵ
֧ؼҵЩˣҲԸħĽٵ硣
ʱīѾˡ
Ϣݸˮ˵ġ


1236 
ʵϻ¯ӳȥһĹ򣬳īѾоȫ£ǱޱȵĴɽѹһ㡣еĹǲ֪˶٣ʹޱȡ
ī˺ģǸ𾳽Ŀֲܣ
ֱֲ̫ˣīЩţǷĥˡ
ǿ̶ȣȻ𣬵ȴ׼ڻ¯ıӻ֮£Ȼܵش
߿ҪҺܶ࣬¯ӳҲֻʣһڡ⻹̷һƬҶӵ£Ȼڵһʱ䡣л¯ıҲУ
ģҪꡣ
׼ʥҩʵ̫ǿˣϢӰ첻ĹҲĥ˵ҩֶսʿκη棬Ƕױȵơ
īܹôѹǸһξҺ
ֻһΣȴҶ̫ࡣЧҲ൱ˣóīƻָٶȼӿܶ౶ҲΪʲôĴʿϲдҩ׷档
ؼʱ̣ܱ
īֱ֮ӽؼҵһϢڵһʱ䣬ˮơϢ̫ҪˣҪڵһʱ֪
Ϣ֮󣬳īְ߿ȶסƣӺȫѵĶϹǣָſʼչָԼеơ
Ǳˮ˾ܷǳĳīĴȴĳī˵һ棬磬ѡ
һԪǰԻ͵ǸʱħҲż뵽׻ƴ򡣲ǻħɲκ򣬵ʱ׻ƴƣ𾳽Ĵܺܶࡣÿｮһء
ԣǸʱħ壬Ե͵ܶࡣһЩħ廹ͶߡīڹУλħʵҲǳһˡ
ħ壬ȴʿĵ⡣֮ìܣǲɵ͵ġ
˵ī˽뵽׻ƴҲħ뵽
ΪǱߵˣҪɱ޷Ǿīһȴɱ׻ƴˣħ塭һ磬Ļеʿ
ǹϵĴ¡
ҲΪīϢݵ̫ˣؼֱӱ˸ֲ
ĴѰҳīؼز֣Ϣòᣬŭѡ
Ѿ¶ùһʱҲ̫áˣزֱġЩˣӿ칥ĲӿձЩĴʹɡ
ҪЩзӦĻᣬҪøѡأҪôӣҪô
زִݸЩӵܵķּ
ġХˣҲѾ֪ؼѣݼҴ߶Ե˵ݣһӾ֪˭ɵˡ
īХ쳤Х˶Ҫˡĺ䣬һսҪȥң
Ψ˳ңţܳͷڶ
Х󣬱ĺֱӵͷӦǵҲԳī֮ǡͬʱҲܹڵһʱԳīֵĻûкЩ鷳ˡؼҲ١
īֱһǣ
һɣôģ
㣬ûס
Խսн粢ʲôţȻ޴ܹʵֵģЩ콾˵ĸûмԽսľ
ХܶԽսȻսҲԿƻԻ͡ôǿҲɾ磬һһ쾳ĵб뵽ؼأؼоΪãӲؼҰճ񡭡
ÿһ£ô˼顣
˵ϴûйƽеһǶͨŬһٱӶﲻ˼ҸճʱӵеĲƸīҲ̫̬˰ɣ
ѵһ
ĺ׼𾳽Ĵܣī֣һɹɵĺĵð
ֲ̫ˣ
Ҳ̫ɺˣ
Ҫɱ
׷ɱī渴գ𾳽磬϶׵ѹǳīǣͰѳīȫˣХ˸ŷĹâ֪īԶнһ졣Ϊī֣ͽһӰ
ءûʲôµģڳҵ㣬֮ǰһֱûôΪЩ˲ңɵλȴûʲôù˼ɵġλѾһԪ˳ңøЩҡڲһػЩ˵ţĻһ㶼ǿޱȡ
˳ң˾˵
硣
޽Ĵ½һƬľУһƬϵķݡ
ݺܹţɢŲɣϢ
ǳҵء
ܰ͡
ԭ˶ϡйϵļȻ಻ʤĳˣʵǳ١
үֻӣӳӳۡ
ֻгīôһӣȻŮ˲٣ȴҲֻгôһŮ
ʣһЩճģʵǵүӵ׷ߣճǵĺҲܶࡣ
ˣأҲͼǧ˶ѣȫûһһĴׯ˶ࡣ
ĺһȺؼҵĸ֣ڳصʱɺܰûио֡
һ߰ųСӣһĿЩˣʵ˭ʲô
Х۵ףһĨӣС֣һЦСһ


1237 ؼʿ
СкЩɻĿХ죬ͻȻתȥܱߺˣˣְֿ
Хϣ¶һĨЦ֣Скһָһâһ֧˲Скĺģ
ಣ
âٶ̫ˣ
Хվһǿߣվ綥˵ʿһôС
âֱӶգϢۿžҪɰСӻɱڵ

һ죬һֱӵǵâǰֱӱ顣
ХǵâҲʧС
סâǼķѣһΣȻһͨĴɱ
ХһĨĹâЩԾ
һҲͰˣֻһͨˮȻסһʱ
ߵĺһؼҵǿߣҲȫ۾
ҵءƺҲûô򵥰
νĵ㣬̫׼ȷ
ʵʮҪؼҸӵ͵
Ϊīճ³ҵ죬һ֮⣬һ䡣
ʱ򣬴ƬϵķУ߳һ꺺ӣһֲúϴżŭŭХ˵޳ܵĶȻһСӳ֣
Х쿴ͬũһ꺺ӣЦҧ޳ܣ޳ܵˣǳīǳϺˣؼأɱ˰ˣ
Ǻǡ꺺ӵϣ¶һЦݣá
㡭Х쵱ÿҪ裬㱻ҭ
ʱ˵ôֵǳˣǳ˿ϡ٣һ뿪طǻ᳹ǣ
꺺ȻһЦݣˣ㳤ôţ
ְ֣۸ңСкʱѾܵ꺺ӵߣȻͷݺݵĵХ졣
ţ£һͰǴж˿ι꺺Скͷ
Скһ˫Ĵ۾ǣǵⶼǳģѹء
С㣡Хŭһֱһ꺺ӵķ˹ȥٴγ֡
ԵĺˣҲͬʱˡ
ǲϻʲôֱӿɱǣ
䣡
һĻϣ˲꺺ǰ
ХһֱӴ棬Ȼûдһ㣡
ĺĹ䵽棬Ҳֻǲһ㵭Ĳ
꺺̧ͷһۣоǱģؼз󣿡
Ск˵ְ֣ؼҵķ󣬲Լ˶ô
ؼߵˣȫҪѪĸоǸСк񣬳⣡
⻰ֱ̫ˣ
һѵͱǵϡ
ؼصĴ٣ȻǹڳīϣףȴǸķûƾһīôܸؼô˺˵һһٸҲؼ˽Ѱ
ʱ򣬴ӳصУģ߳һȺˡ
Ů٣һеɽҰûκηֱ
иʮٸһֳֻһĿȺؼҵʿȺؼʿȫĸо
ôǳأҴ˵طСĴһ׵Ĵׯ
ȺǸɶģٸʵ
ؼˡ꺺Ӻ˵
ʮǰǸͷ壿ٸʵ
ؼ߱ڹĻһȺ˶ˣôͷ壬ǳȫҶͷ壡
ƺ費˵ȫˣ˵ͷڹ塭ȿȣҲ
֮ؼߵˣȫ̡
ߣԻȻڼ
ţǸͷ塣꺺Ӵ
ǲʵʵİԴڿٸʵ
Ǿ޵˰ɡ꺺ӺЦЦˣˡ
ŶٸͷȻ󡭡תȥˡ
תȥˣ
ȥˣ
ؼߵ˳׷ˣ
ôɱǵģŵģһ㡭ڳһӭе̬ȥô£
Хһؼ˶ҪѪʱǸٸֳˡ
һ
ԣзõͨ
Ȼٸһĵǣ˵Ⱥˣ֪֪ʲôطܵҰˣͷҪиͷӣͷʲô˭ҹ￳ͷ
Хŭǳգۼ͸ˣ
ŶˡٸЩ˼ͷȻŤͷһԵˣ˭Ƿ˰ɣҪǹͷ
һ̴ũģСͷ̴ԵһСϿ˿ģ˵һȺСӣĶػû꣬ȸɻɡ
ХǰһڣһˤǣѾŲסˣҪױˡ
ʱĺ䣬׼𾳽Ĵܣ׷׼ƬĻķ˹
ɫ࣬Ŀˣ


1238 ֲĴ帾
ķ񹥻£ǹĻʼǿҵĺԼһȺؼҵǿߣȫ¶֮ɫ̫ȥȺˣ
ǳīؼϰ˿ڣƺҲûôŭֱӡϷŪĸоǳױˡ
ְְְ֣ǲвСк꺺ӵ½˵Ǵѽ
꺺ӻشХ̲סŭϹз󣡷󣡡
Скʱ¶һ˿־壺ְ˵Ϲ
ϹʲôûС꺺ӺǺЦǲϹһɵأǱȱȻģҲ֪ڱȻЩʲô
ٸԾԾԣҿǵĹͷɣ
̴ͷص˵ͷаɣҲȺе㷳ˡ
̫ˣþûɱأٸһ˷ܣͳ˹ȥ
ǱؼҵһȺĿǴŻٸ˳ǣȻ󣬺ݺһͿХԴ۸쵰ȿĹͷ
Х쵱ŭݺһƣٸһƣȴĻסȻûз
ХСģǱͻȻ䷢һȣȻһ֣һɾҪХץ
Ϊʱ
ٸֱӳ˹Ļһ˲䣬˵ƣѹأ
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Х쵱͹ˣ
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ٸϵƣֱֲԸӵĵز
ĺ׼𣬶һӱٸɢƸѹסжóٻ˺ܶࡣ
ǰƾɵݺݵ§ХĲϡ
Хͷ­룡
ؼҵľ콾ɾսǿߣһ帾һŮӣһ˲ӣ
һǻѪ˳ХĲֱ졣
֮Ѫޱȣڸ֮ϣޱޡ
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Хͷڵ֮󣬹˼ʮȦȻϣһ˫۾ɵϴв޾ĺȻͿ־塣ǿҵĲš
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췢һˣٸĹ
ؼڲϵڶ࣬ȻǵճһϵȻܷЩĴģͬһϵ˴֮Եϵ൱ˣؼ٣ЩȻʹޱȣȴҲû̫
Ĳһ֮ǰХԵѾޱȵʹХǰָоʹ顣
ͷˣҲñˣٸһ棬ǱţǺ⣬Ϸʡ
һ˵һ߻һͰĵһֻ첲ն
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ĵʵԶХֵɱȵġֻ̤뵽Ĵڰ
ƬرӡǻһԪǰǸԻʱġ֣Ѿ̤뵽ˡ
ڣǾȻһ帾ģŮӣֱѹˣ
ⲻǶһһȺһ
£ĵһֱۣȻٸӲն
ٿǱȺҵˣһվ￴֡ģȫûȺԺǿ߷С
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ķһʹԴ˲һ첲˷ŭ˼¡
Ǳߵ䣬ҲĹ帾ģٸ
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Ҳκ
ʱǸ꺺ӴһЦݵֵϱľˣϲɺء
һݸ߸ЩɬЦӣ䡭㿴㿴һҲűˡ
Ȼٸ꺺ӵĿ佱֮˵ơȻٴһ㣡
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ķˡ
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ϢֱǿԸӵĳ̶ȣȻǹѹȫͬƺһָоϵƣûб٣
һʲô磿
ʱͻȻһ֪ˣǳҵ巨ţ
һ仰ڵٸϵܡ
ˣյĳʿǿ磬ûбȳ˸ǿˡڷһûǿؼҵһ
ֻǵʮĽ죬˵ǣȻǿƥӵи֮ƺһԪǮǿˣ
ؼҵķ󡭡ȴһЦԼҵضڷϣʲô˵Լҵķǿ
꣡
һؼҵľ쾳ٸһԴûԴɻȥ㱻ֲķԪ
ǿͷ­ҲղХԴһȥԶ˫ա
ʱ򣬵Ŵ̴ͷ˵ˣѾͷϽİɣһҪȥأˣϽ˰ɡ
ƥ򡭡ǳ̫


1239 ү
Ѿû֮ǰĴݣʲôġƺͷŭ
ͷһۣûĶ˵ţֱӽе̴䡣
ֱӼݺײǸ̴ӡ
飡
ֱӱɡȻûѣȻһѪֱˡ
ջǼͷ̴ӣѾǰ
أ
̵̴ݺԴ档
䣬׼𾳽ĴܣԽѣԪ顣˲ȥ
̴ɻأͷળһڣƲƲ죺еˡ
ֱˣ
ֲ̫ˣ
ڽ֮ǰκ˶벻˵ѾûĳһȻ˿µĵ̡
ؼһŵˣȫڲǲԼķǳɡ
벽ۻʾܵһ壬ûˣӵеĵ̣ҲѰģ
־޸ļ壬ôû䣬Ӽǽժһ¶ͨ˼ҼӶ׬ĲƸ
ǵ̣
ʮҵĵ͵˶ϡһּƺûˣˡҲûյĻԻˡ
ۿֵܲʹԸӵЩ˵ؼѾû˵ˡʺڰ˴
꣡
ĵԴ帾һն䳾Ͽֲķ˲ĥĵԪ
һ׼𾳽Ĵܣȥˡ
ʣЩؼҵĵʿ˵ٸɨҶһĸɵˡ
ǰǰⳡսһҲͳĹ򡣻㡣
һնɱôˣٸҲеۣͷЩ΢Ϣ
ݸ߸һĵܹݹһ־ȵЦϱ۲ۣ
帾һݸ߸ӣ˸ۣţȴŴֺ˼ңΪġ̻Сӡ
ס۾ָ©ϴ󣺡ʲôû
꺺һ¶ͷȥȥȥСӼҼҵģ˳ۣ
ͷŹˡ
ʱ꺺ӵϣ¶Ͼ֮ɫ֮ǰСѾϢؼһΣҪˡ
ٸЩмĵͷѣΪһ𣬹˼ħСͿԺˣ档
̴ͷЩƵ˵˵󻰣Ǻܿµġ
ֲûУٸЩĵ
Щ˸գ̫󡣡ͷ̾˿Ӧڵү𡣡
˵ү·񣬼ֱİٸһ˷ܵĵλү̫ˣֻɱؼأǸͷֱˡ̫ү͸ôôһ
ݸ߸ǳ˳ϱɱ˵̫үֶΡǸҷġ
ͷһ̴ɨһٸѾͷԺ˵ע㡣
ٸһЦ֪ˡӣƺҲûô·ϡ
꺺˵ؼȻˣ벻ħϣȻ£е鷳Ӧóȥˡ
ݸ߸Щɵĵ磬ǵѵǲ뿪ô
꺺ӿͷ壬أ
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ү
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ٷӢӣǳһڵճīĶ塪ۣ
ۿȥҲʮ꣬ʵϣʵ䣬һһԪˡֻǱӡ˺ܶꡣУҲҲٲɣǴżϷĲ
ϸȥ۵ü䣬кܶīƵĵطǲʶǵˣҲһۿһˡ
ɣոؼ˴ˣۿһǱ߻ûʰսʵ
ţһȺ֪Ķٸֹ
ѾͷʵгЦ˵һ䡣
𣿶үҲҳˣٸ۾ʱһһ˷ܡ
ɷǸݸ߸ӣʱܼϱʵе㶪ˡ̫ˣһҪ졣
۵ͷţġ
ٸĶЦˡ
˵ʮˣҲóȥˡȥҳƻ˰ɡСĵ㣬˵Ƿ󡭡ôƵġ
ٸʱһ˷ܣɲһˡ
꺺ӵͷȻʵǡү
ֱ˵ҪʣҪܣҪ˵
˵ⷬʱ򣬳ϵı鶼ûκα仯·Ǹɵˡ붼ȥ롣Ϊ²Ǹֻ֣ҪȥǸֶӣֶӴֻ
Ϊ壬Զ˶ֻǺεȵĿ¡
֮£ħȻͬвܴ󣬵ûбϡ
ʵĽŮ˵һ䣬תˡ


1240 µ
үߺʣЩ
ٸֹү⻰ʲô˼ĽСʲô
ݸ߸ӿһۣȻΪС޼ɵĸүӽԽӽദүȴС
Ŷٸͷ¶һ˿Ȼˡ
һг˱ַŭ飬ȴ޿κΡִڣЩܹġ
ᣬûϵɣʵ
ͷરળ̴֮󣬵˵Ҳᣬγȥס˭۸үǶȥŰݷһ¡ʮˣн磬ǶҪǳңЦǳû˿ɲСǻأ
꺺ӵϣһĨ֮ɫصͷûǻأ
ٸǰմ׼ѪЦڿԿˣ
һȺȫĿ
ɷεĿһۣϱѾ˲ˡ
ٸƲƲ죺Ⱥͷİ࣬ٶӶ࣡
ˣϻˣ߰ɣȥȻ󣬰үˣǾͻͷ˵˵ʵ治ȥ
˼ҿԾϢٸ۾ߴﹾתš
ѾͷҲǵˣ̫Ұˡͷ˰˵һ䡣
ٸһЦû˵ʲô

պ紫һ𾪵Ϣ
ı޾һϣֻȥһֲķ
ܶ˶ӦþǴħͼ֮ͨһ
ΪǷɵĺ̫ˣƬ޾ֱӱһƬֲľأ
Բǧȫûа취ӽˣǸ߽׵Ҳû취̫ӽ
ܶ˶һȺŴƵŮ٣Ƭ޾߳ȻѸٵʧС
һĻˣŰģطȺˣţҾ࿴һۣΪǿȥʵ̫ͨˣ⻰ûһ̱͵˼н磬ûмˡǵϣûһߵϢȺˣƬ߳ʿҽӽȴ߳Ȼûж࿴һֱۣӾʹǰʧˣע⣬õʧȺˣнΪֹҼΪһȺˣԺηʲôˡûᣬЩź
쾳ĵлСʶ˲١Ϣһһ䶯
ͬʱкܶˣƱ籱Ķȥ鿴ʱڱ޾ȺˣҲӲӡ֤Ļʵġ
ȺӢ۵ʲôˣǾȻֵܹطҳһ󣬲ȥ֮ǰĴԷ飬Ǹϵؼңĸħйϵ
һȺӦĳĴܣǿǺܾö̤ˡûϵǡ
ӦΪȥһȺߣ
Űϣʱ˸ָϢܶ˶ڲ²ǵݡ
ûãڶȺҳƻ֮н磬ȫ𺳵Ըӵĵز
һȺ˰żĹǾȻѾҳ󣬶ҳֻȥˡ̫ˣ̶̼ʱ䣬Ǻ̫Զľ룬۷徳ĵҲûôɣ
ĪһȺ׼𾳽Ĵܣ
ؼǵôҵЩģ
Ű϶쳳ˣ˶𺳵ĪѪӿͷ
нѣȺͻȻͳˡĬĬΪнź£ƫƫ˶֪ǵʲôݡ
֮ǰؼұƵվһߵһЩ塢ɣȫЩ̿ˡ
һ棬ͻȻ䷢Լƺһ൱ѡأڶ£޾и֮սҲûгжϹվڲìܡȴǣ浽ħ壡
˭Ըħ島Ϲϵ˭Ϊħ߹
һ棬ҲЩȺصġˡŵˡȺΪֹûиκ棬飬ȴڰγħĶӣ
ڶħ·
һȺˣĻٵ󣬻᲻ǵļ塢ſڣַǣ
ʱס
ԣŵڶ󱻻ٵ¾ʮ塢ֱվŰϹǼ
֮ǰ֪ؼҸħйأһѡ֪࣬ڴ˹ʾħ壬ԶнʿĴУؼҵʩ㱨Ӧ
һŰһ䶯
ؼǱߣ׵û˶
ǵĶȴøˣ
û˶ָǲŰϹ˵ʲô˽Գһؼ塢ɵΧˣȴøײС
ʱһϢڱ˹
׼ȷ˵һƪ¡
֮ǰ֮ǣΧɱīȺؼǿߣġΪףлѹ˵ؼ콾Х죬ȥ˳һء


1241 һƪ
µһͷ˵Ŀ⣡
ؼҵˣȻȥ˳һأȥʲôֱԶ⵨ӡҲĹİô˵Ѿû䣬Ѿʽ΢ˣһԻŵǿ壬ôһ̶ûУ
ȫǳ棬淢ʲô顣
Ȼȫûٻ֮󣬾ͳٵ顣ԣҸ˵Ʋ⣬ӦؼЩǿߣڳһȫˡؼȺ˵ΪҲ˳һصЩˡЩֱ֣ӻȥ󡣺ܻеҲòЩпʮǰǳһн硣µ죬ܶѾ֪Ȼ֪Ȼôھռһ£굽׷ʲô
Űϣƪ²̣дƪµӦһ֪ߣһԪǰǳսԭԭһ顣˵ķǳ
ǸԻͲõʱǸȺ۲ʱѾȥ̫꣬ʷֳֹϲ㣬ȷѾ̫ˡ
ᣬܶ˶е𾪣Ҳ˵ĳңȺҵǣΪн˶顣
Щ꣬Ҿһ˵˵Ѿû䣬Ѿʽ΢ˣ˶ϡҲûʲôǿߡֻһ䣬ŵ˻кܶ࡭ңҲ˵ΪĲˡٹ⡣ʵ֤ҴˣˡˣңȻǸңȻǸ׻ƴػߣ׻ƴûΣʱǱ㽫Լ͵ɱҲվһ䣻׻ƴΣʱ򣬳ҵ˾ͻٴվĬĬȥ¡Ϊ̫겻ǼˣȥһȺˣ¶˶࿴һۡһ壬һȺˡ飬ӵǶӵеػ黳ļ壬ˣѵֵ𣿡
ܶ˿⣬ȫЩп
ٲƲʾмΪȺˡǲǳ˻һأǣѵôΰô
Щ˾Ա˵ΰܻ᱾ܵȥɡ
ˣȷ˵һжˡ
ңѾҪʷӽеļ壬һַʽĬĬػ磬ػ׻ƴ
ļ壬ѵֵ
ƪµûн
īϼΨһļ̳ˡľ֪ܿΪ䵽˽硣Ҳ֪ӵϾʲôĸĸȥ磬Գī׵ӡ󣬿¶һ˽⡢֪ĸ˭Ǿ͸ˡһݺصꡣѾ֤ʵȷǳһĺˡ˵˵
ܶ˶Գī棬Ҳв˲ʹ׷ܹѰĸϢѷ֣һԸӲʣЩǿȴѪ壬ǸˡҪң˵īܶ˷еĵطҪ˵һ䣺Ϊǲڻ磬էһ֣ΪһЩ֪ԭ򣬵һЩˡʱĳīƺʿ㲻ϡȴкܶ˾Ҫء̲סҪһ䣬ôĺôһ綼̸ϵĺӣǴɷΪ
ŰϣڳīΣҲܳվڳīһߣΪī˵ҿԳī˽Ҳ൱󣬺ܶ˶ʼɣƪµˣ᲻ǳīߵˣ
ȻĻô֪ô飿
Űϣһλô˵ģīûȥǹˣЩ߰ĮĿ˵콾ºͲһˣŬǿϢڷܡĳΪǳһĺˣΪǳīԣҷȰһЩҪȥ鷳ˣһҪ鷳δĶ֣ܿȡڶǳһĺˣ磬֮ˣţġȴǶøжˡ͵һһˡԣ飬˼
ƪ£ͨŰ壬ٵĴн硣
˷˼˳˼˳Ĭ˽кã˳ޡ
Ҳ˱ʾмΪдƪµˣһǳīߵˣǳҵˣȻΪʲôô˽Һͳī飿ңĿģȻΪһ˵û
ʲôӦƪ£ԼеĳҺͳīһΣƵ˼֮ϣΪнŻ⡣
ʱˣ̲ס
īôʧˣھģ
ͬ⣬дƪµˣҲʡ
ùãû뵽ȻҲŰ壬ûз֣Ҷ벻Ҳ˲µôƪдĻɣǲ֪ܵģؼǸյһֱ׷ɱҲ֪᲻ΣաǰһŮӣ΢ЦţЩǵʵ
ǳīһһ۾ϳվŮӣǴλʦнĸǿߡƮŮϷ


1242 ٳ
·֮ϣϷֱ˶ɽ̤֮쾳ĳ塣֮󣬾û֪屻ʲôطȥˣ·ʧһ
ʵϣ磬ңھ֮ǲԶĵط
һֱƮŮϷϤָ㡣
ʼΪϷùĸءֻ֪һϷһξѪͨһ
ֶΣ˫һ𣬾ȥ꣬µĺ֣Ҳ䡣
ʹϷǲˡ
ϷȴûӦҪƪµһ䣺ؼиյ棬һͬҲмյ𣡶Ϸֹˡ
룬ҲͨˣΪô˵Ļ϶ؼľ
Ϸǰĳ壬׵ϣ¶һ˿Ц⣬˵Сӵ֮£ддʵû̫塣īʲôΣգؼǸյ𡭡ɱġ
ңһǵСùҲ֪ǳΨһļ̳ˣСľôҲκΣա˵
ߵ·һ˲̫һԣҪĥгɳϷ˵赣̫ࡣ
죬ϷùѾֲϲԼľ磬һû˼һǸأ
ҲСأѾǸ߽׵ˣôƤϷųĿУȰ
ڹùǰ˼ԶСЦ˵һ䣬ȻʵˣСڹУùõıǸʱСıô
ϷЩεĿһ۳壬˵ֻһ籣Һ˵ģ飬Ķ֪
ùƫģùݺţһĴڣô᲻֪أ
һĴôϷһĨɣ֮ɫŮˣһԪĽʷϣȷƺԼȴƺ̫ͬ˵
ѵôؼյ棬Ҫǿ˹ùãӣգ۾Ϸ
Ķ֡ңոոգʵԶûлָ۷״̬Ҫܳʱܳ׻ָʱ䣬޵еġ
Ϸ˵ţϿκε
ȴЩСǻΣˣ
Ǻǣ㵱ڹѧЩǰôϷ˵һ䡣
۾ʱһ׷ʵùøҽЩɣ
ϷһۣĹˣס֮Լġ
ðɺðɹùҴˡæͶȻԹԵȥȥˡ
ûм֪ƮŮнĸǿߣǸ߹ٵӣʵ߶ǳ£
ӳѾ˺ܶΣǹСһ˵ҹġ
ŷɿӵĳ壬ƮŮ۵ϣ¶һĨЦݣȻԶĬĬţüͷ΢΢˫С⡣
ǳ忴һֻСеıʾȡ
ΪһŵУȻƮŮ۵Ӱ
裬
ͬٳһ㣬˳⣬ʧ޾ա

īȻˡ
һε˵ĺأ̫ǿΪƵʵҪô鷳īȴҪͨٵͬʱֱؼЩѾħˣ
Щڳīħ廹ҪɺޣҲ£
ʷƵ¼֤һ£תͷɱԭͬʵȵ˸ײУ
ԣؼصЩ˲ǾһȺʱܻ磬ѪȷѪɺӵħצ
ԳīԹ޻ڡʱҽȥʵѾһе׼
ܻӳԳī˵Ѿһ¡
ȻˣôҪȥԽҪЩ飬ȣҪˡ
׼ʥҩҪ꣡
ƽΡӺ͸꣬һҩƽ
лƽʼմڱӡ״̬ûʺϵīҲóȻųȻԽѹȴҪĴ
֮ǰΪ˰ؼؾȳ¯ʧ󣬲߱ҲСڳīȥһ˻磬ӻȡ˴ļƷ쾧ʯôʱĻۣīһδļƷ쾧ʯһ֡
˵ЩƷ쾧ʯȻЩԵñˮнīҲ̲סЩпԽ߾磬ԽһȾԼеʿšڿ档
ƽʱãѾʼеܳī˼ˡһΣīˣ󡣵֮󣬷˳īһξҺ
ԳīȻأָҲ
ʵ鷳ģϵЩˣ


1243 һ
ҪԴ
ʱĴĶ¯סȻĴģ˳ī嵱С
߿Ҳһ·߳ĵͽ׵ڵʱǸæѾˡҪ׻ָгīİûиʮʱ䣬Ҳǲˡ
ϾûгīǷʣ
澳֮ǿ΢ԱߵʿȫԸܵʵ̫ԡ
ڱ߿δīҲѾˣ˾ͼͼѾ磬ʫͶǣҲ罨Ʈ칬Ҳճ̡
ʱñ߿ĵȥػʲ
ϳī·ŪЩˮٲ·󡣶һ۵С˵ֱѾݳ޵˷ָˡ
Ҫһ㣬ǳīԼЩѣһֱ硣
׼ǽ·
Ҫ·ϣøĻԵ
īʥͣҲԼ˽ģ˽ģߵѣܹøࡢõĻᡣ
Ҳᱣ磬Ϊĵطļҡ
ŰϵЩ׷ŵϢīûеһʱȥע߶ˮͨӡһƬ֮󣬾Ϳʼչˡ
ʱһΣ͹ȥ£
ַ˺ܶ顣
ӳҳȺˣѾƻ󣬵ΪֹȻûҵ
ǵݣҲȥʱعˡ
Ϊ󣬾ؼҵһǽһͬ϶ҵ͵ļϵġ
ǸôΪʿֻ֪һЩ˺ܶϱŶ֪һǸϢ
ųȺϢģҲǸϼһҴߡŰ֤ʵԼħϢҲָȥȺˣԳһ
ǸҴߵʱڼ壬ǸĴ˵Թ޳һЩļ壬ΪԼԾ˽Լ
Ϊħ߹ԸħӡѾԿҵıһУûɱ֮ǰؼرҾʲôʱֵǼ塣ҲڶԺ׻ƴƲȱȫĳ档Һħ壬ħ߹ԣҺܸлһ֮ǰƪ˵ĺܺãػߣֵءϧҲ֪䣬ȻһὫ乫ϣ֪ĵѣǧҪħײкͿֲԶ޷ġ
˽ϢŰ֮󣬾ֱʧˣû֪ȥ
ƬϿһԪƣҲ׵¶˳ڿʼԭħ岼µ֡Ȼ֮ĻֶΣֱţ
ʱӲ䷢չҲֻ˵ûûˡ
Һã磬ûûεˣֻ
󲿷ֵʿѾʼжЩ֮ǰѾվؼߵļɣΪ֤Լףȫ
ؼҡŰܳһʱ֮ǿҵ
ؼҵʿȷǿͬ統Уе֡ܲסǵԽԽ࣬ԽԽǿͬˮһһǿ
ؼң˱ˣ
ЩɳĴʿȫʼĴ
Щˣ
ħˣҲǲҪô;ѡħˡ
˸еֵǣ˵ؼλյز֣ȴʼղӰһڵ޵еĴڡԺһеСˣȻ˿ؼ˿ʼ˱ܣʼɢأȴû̫Ļ˵Уڵһ£زֳ֣ô죿
һֱڣزʼղӰڲڲ²⣬ؼһյô
ô⼸زģ
һֱѰҳī
ͬʱҲڲϵĻָΪ
ӡԼһԪҪ۵ġȻĻôԼӡٳǿ޵ˣ
ִ۲СȻ侳磬ڵȴʧһ롣ΪڷӡĹУҪ֧ӡӡԽãҲԽ
زֽԼӡʮ꣬һ˵֡£Ҫܳ׻ָ
ҲԼİ취ӡʱ򣬾Լ׼˴ĵҩлһҩЩƷҩָʱ
ҲҪʱ䣬ָյ۷״̬
һ˳֣ȥ¸زִĴ̼СʱͳȥЩˣǶɱˣ
תһ룬˵ʵҲһ¡ΪҪħȺ֪زֵж
ȥӦûħеˣǺܿͻϵҵģ
ز֮ţΪϣֻһ˲֪һʲôط
һЩˣȷȻб»ȥһԶҲ
ΪڲʲôˣΪ硣ʵĴ½ϣޱңԶľ룬м޴ϵأ
Ѫħǣ


1244 Ʈ
ѪħΪ̤·ħزΪ˳ʥħħ壬Ȼȥ·ȴȥǱһǿߣָǡԣħԸܹΪ׻ƴˡֻҪܹռطǾˡ
˵鶼һԼĴ㣬Լ˽ġ
һ󣬾ͲѪħܾӵƬ
Ѫħ沢ûгΪ𣬵ز֣Ҳ̫СΪѪħħѾΪһħ壡
һԪǰǸԻ͵ʱ϶Ϊһ춯صǿߡ
Ѫħزֺܷġ˵һ˸ҲǸطҵҲ϶ȥ޻ء
زĵ飬ǳīģ
ǸС÷ˮͨƭĸйۣǻȫʢڣСϷסʱزָոոգһ˯ոѹһѹ˷ʵڸովѵʱҲЩԺġ
زּΧʮﷶΧĵطһҹûгī䡣ǸСƾʧ
ʼΪī϶ǶĳĬĬء
󣬶ɾ޴в˵ī־Сʿˡ
СǸ£Ҳһڳزֵ⡣
ʼԳīľ磬ҩ¯Ʒףܰѳīʲôط
ؼҪԶǸ棬˫ûʲôɱԡ
زֵݣʼһУֻزֲܿü
˼άϵȥЩһ֤
ֹڣһޱȸޱӴḶ́Ҳֻز𾳽Ĵܣ
ֹ߰죬һ죬زֵһ˫Ȼ貵⣬žݵϣֳһĨЦ
زְü׷СݸɣһָоƺЩ磬СУȴ̲ľ޴ܣ
ҵһ˿һ̣αֱӳ֮⡣
زֿǰƬԴΰȺɽĹâԣ͸ǹâܿУݻ
һִУ
ÿʱÿڲϵľԼ˫ݻһֲֿļ˸е־ġ
زڷ˳īµĺۼ
벻ĸҲز𾳽Ĵܣ˿Ҳòīĵӡ
ΪطؼأȻֻвǧľ룡
룬κһǿʿ˵ʲôز˵һͷ顣֮ǰҲûī᲻ֲִ²⣬Ϊųīôĵӡ
طһĸأ컯Ũֱľ֮أ
ҲҪؼҵطΧģز־óī㵨ٷʣҲѡԵĵطǳϡҲѡ
īͲ⣡
ز֣ҲòЩпǺη
վûܹӳҵġزһĨ֮ɫûԥֱӳˡ
ǸɿݵƣƬȺɽһ
УʱһֻѪľ޴ƣգһ޴ޱȵɽ壬ֱѹȥ
չصĳīȻ䱻ʾѣ£еĺëȫ
Σޱӡͷ
ˣ
ī͵һݣ֪ز϶վˡ
Ψһһ£ܣ
֮ǰûزûע⵽ʱߣزԶҪöֶ࣬Ҳֲƥû취ܣ
زĵطȫʶַûκǡֻҪһȥȻὫ䴥ͻᾪز֡
룬˵ʲô
ʱ䣬īһֱûҪӡƳ׻ֱָ֮Ӷɽ٣
Ҫʱ
ȵزַ֣Ҳˣʱ򣬵ڶԪǾͻΪһ֮
ȻɲزֵĶ֣Ҳȫûһս֮ʱǾ߷ߵĻġ
ڣزǰˣܡܲˣ
ΪزֵѾƬأ
·š
īһᣬһҧһľȻˣĿ硣
ȥˣīͺһ
ֱ٣Ȼһͬɽ٣һս
ʱͻȻ䴫һŭŭȻǴزֿдģ
Ʈ㣡
īֵһ˲䣬Ӷ̲סһ£һ˫У¶ޱ֮ɫ
ôܣ
Ʈ㡭ز𾳽־ŭ֣ƮŮ֮⣬ī벻еڶˡ
ֻǣʦôܻ


1245 ϶Ϊһ
ѵ˵¹ù֮ǰ˵ĻģЩڣһֱĬĬĹע
Ȼ˿پ޴ΣƮʦôͻȻˣ
ʱ洫һ죬𵴵Ƭط·Ҫ̮
īһѪƸոջָò࣬һ£ּص֮ǰ״̬
¯һ˳īͷ֮
ͱ߿Ѿīͽ˲У֮ǰһֱ档
ھôĲϽѾסˡ
ʵ֤īǺȼ֮ģȻĻƾոһ£ô߿ɡ
¯ȫûлָȴȻƴػųī
ϣĿѪͬ貵ĹâʵϣǹâԶû֮ǰôһΪ˾ȳīĶ̫޴һʱᣬԻָ
߱ڳīǰ
Ѿܲʣ
˵һս
ī߱ЦǸûǸһ죬һ㱥Ѫ
߱ڻӦ
ϴһ𾳽Ĵڽս
ƮŮ۵ֻزֲϵķŭ
ĺܷŭӡʮ꣬ԭΪ֮еȫѾˣԺ޼䣬Ϊߡļ壬ԳΪ׻ƴ߼塣
ζû뵽ѸնеġΪ٣ǰա־磬һУޱȾܡǰһ졢ǰһʱǰһ㡭ǰ
ǰյĴۣҪʱָ
屻˵ħϢҲй¶ȥֻʣٲ񻹴˺Ľ׶Σڶء߼ǱˣħĴ߼Ҳֲؼҡ
Լһֱû̫⣬÷޵еġѾ˵ƮŮۡȻðˣ
ӣزѾ֪ǸеϷΪʷΪ޵ŮۣӲ˵пܻزֶ˵Ͳţ֮Աǡ
ֻܻһԪģҩȻĻҲôð
ֱƮŮ۳ǰһزɲƮ㻹š
ŭ𣺡Ʈ㣬ֻʣһĨִΪβɢ֪鳾ʿе𣬸Ӧ
ʼû˵ƮŮеһȻ˵ΪʲôȥһԪǰϹﹶӲд컹˼׷ɱһСӣҪ𣿡
زֱòᣬˣŭƮŮֻۣһִסң
һԪǰǷҲǡƮŮ˵ֻԻʱΪ𣬲Ƕѵһ£ΪͿԳ㻹Զ
ȻͬΪ𣬵һе䣬زϸҲסʩչǿ
һʱ䣬ƬնҪˣĹɽѡīĵط·󣬿ֱӾˡ
ˣȻ¶Σڿ֧š
ͬʱīľΨҾҲڷţѹ»еزֶīݵˣͬʱҲޱȷŭҪԳī֣ȴƮŮ۸ס
еķ裬ÿһ׵ɱ۷徳ĵ׼Ҳ޷ط
ƮŮ۵״̬֣ز˵һִɣսȴޱȿֲһ𣬾Ȼ˿ѷɫزֵս
زָʱ̫̣ûȫָһʱ䣬ƮŮۣȻƽ֡
ϣ
زڼһѾ޴ƥĴ󽣣һɽ壬ݺݵնƮŮһ
ƮŮ۲Ųæָһһ˳ָײزֵĴ棬ʱһӴľ졣
ɽӣ
ƮŮ۴ʵ̫ˣ·ǰĶ֣һ𾳽ĴܣһĺڸԷдһһ˿̻
ƮŮ۵Ŀ£˫սȥ
ز־ܲƮŮ۵Ľ࣬ȴûа취ҷģΪһģԷܸܿĴ
ֱĵԸӵĳ̶ȡ
ĵǣոջ涥սĳīȻֱˡ
ˣ
һ㶼ûԥתܣ
Сزŭһһīߵķ
һƮŮֽ£ȴһ˿Ѫ
ˣ
زָոһþȫ
ɢȥǹϢɽأֱΪƽأ
һ˲䣬
һΪǲģز䶢ƮŮѪǡ
ƮŮû˵ֱһ
ȻزЩ˼ĿУƮŮۡȻֱΪһ壬һˣ
˲䣬Ϣǣ
⡭ʲôͨزһ𺳣ʧ


1246 Ϸ
ɲǶʿַǧǧͨһزֶȫû취ġ൱ı仯
ոƮŮۣ϶ı𣬸ʲôزΪǾһִһΪԶݵӵƮŮȫսʱһȻɢ
û뵽תͷƮŮ۾͸ݺһƣ
˺϶ΪһȻһѪ⣬ϢޱȾ˵
ƮŮûдֻĿǴĿУŲε
⣬Ǿô̶ֳܽȣ㣬ôܽԽĲΣزվ۽൱ߣ
ȷ˶ԷõǺֵͨ
ֻţʲôʱҲ˿ֲˣ
ƮŮĿһز֣˵ʲôվ˴ġѣûʲôѵġַԶġ
˵ţزַƮŮֱӳˡ
һ֣ѹ񷣬ѹ
زֳ׸գҲδܵƮһ
ĳԽĴ
Ѿ޽ӽʥ
꣡
زϵǣڳܲסֲֿĴ򣬿ʼѿ졣ͬɽ
ž
ƮŮۺݺһƣزֵϡ
һԪǰ͸ͷڹһļ壡ȻѡͷǾһֱţ˭ǰͷģȻҹħ塭
ž
һƣ
ܣֱӵ
һĻûܿҪ˿Ҳᱻ
زֱƮƣѾ׸ˣķĴһѪ
Ʈ̫ˣ
̺ȫĵС
زʤ츳ĵУֲ̫ˡȻĻôز֣֮󣬱Ȼ䣡
ǲ࣡
ز𾳽ĴܱȻޱȺˣȴʲô񻰡
ƮŮֲ̫ˣ
׻ƴʷΪ޵һʿ
飡
ƮŮֺݺһƣزֵؿ֮ϡ
һ·ǳײľ졣
ۣ
زֱһѪ
Ȼ𾪺Ͳ˼顣
ţ壬ͻȻ䱬飬޾ľѪγһƬѪԶӣ
ˣ
֪ǷĿֲŮˡǸ˫ĵС
ͬһʱ˼棬һܵͷ
һ
ƮŮվգŻѪԶݵز֣ûȥ׷ϣ˼վǣ˵϶ҲѾħˡȻ޳ħѪݴ󷨡
ţƮŮ۵Σ˲ľֱɢƬؼ䡣
ಣ
һѪ⣬ٶȿ쵽˼ĳ˻Ȼ䣬زֵģɫĿؼ嫵ľ̲ס췢һŭ𣺡ϵŮˡƭӣز֡㲻ݣ
ܣԳ棬ȳɷּ
¡¡죬Ѿӡ֮ϡ
ز˵仰ʱˣԱӡ֮ϣɫޱѿ
ΪڣȷƮŮϷȻţ
ϣ
ȻĻƾһûб֧ţɢ˿ֲܡ
زֲ֪Ϸţһ֪϶Լǿ̫࣡
Ըϣȴòϵһʵ
Էĵ̫һķĸ֪ܽѹǱڴˣʩչѪݴ󷨵ĻᶼС
ովȻģҪݡֱӳŻ˵Ļ
زֺ޲øԼһ⣬Լ̫ͿˡȻŭ֮£˵ֳ嶯ԡӡô꣬ƺԼӶӡˡ
֮ѾɱīˡǷʱֵܻƮ㱾
زֺ޺޵һҧԶȥҪȥѪħ棡Ҫھϵħˣ
ֻнħĴܳװƮŮ۵в
𣬾Ȼ˱Ƶ̶ֳȡֱͱˡ
زһ·ϣ֪˶ٿѪ
īһ·ϣҲѪûزֱĸо棬ٺҡ
ȫƮŮۻʲô⣬֮ǰ͸ƮŮ۵Ϣһ
īʱȻǳ𾪣һӾˡΪīŲΪƮŮ۱ˡ˹浱Сģı
ԣīܵĺѹ
һ·ϣīĵʩչ˼£ͬʱϵĶ÷ˮ֮ͨƻزʶǣǴƻȻĻҲǸزָһ·
û취ز֮ǰΪѰֱҪһظ׳ϣ˴ʶӡǡ
󣬳īΪǶѪ£˳ŴͨһƵĳˡ
ʵϣƮŮǵķ֮زҪһ׷ɱīīȻѡ
ھأʵ̫ǿˣ
زѾе㱻ƮŮ۸ˣ¼׷ɱīĹУðһķʱٴζѪݴ󷨣Ҫ൱߰Ĵ۵ģ
ԣڳīƴߵͬʱزҲӣ
ī֪ԼʲôطƺһȫµĴ򣬴ṳ̂ĵطѾԶԶӳزֵʶǷΧ
ǰһǣīϵּ֮һסˡ
дš񵤳ǣ


1247 񵤳
񵤳ǣ
񵤣

īеĿɿڴ˵ʲôҾȻһͷ˵ĴӪ
Ȼڹȥ֪ĵģǰðǣҪ˵ûκιϵīĺš
뵽Լ֮һЩīа֮֮
ȻȻأֻҪ׼ֲֿĴڣ޾塣
׼Ϊнʿܴﵽ߲Σ˭ܴ
īʩչٱԼһֱͨ꣬ӽ˳ǡ
һһųǣз󱣻ǽȻµĺۼɢŲɣϢ
ĽҲܹϣȥЩưܡ
е˲ر࣬㷱īһҿջס˽ȥ
һסʮ졣īÿ춼ڱչĬĬˡ
֮ǰģڵˣȴΪƮŮۺزսϢɵġ
У󲿷ֶز֣زֵʱҲȷǹġīû뵽ǣī澳֮壬ǿᵽԾĵزƾϢˣȴû취óī
īִӻдļƷ쾧ʯʱ䣬ΪĲ̫ƽпȥҪܶࡣȴƽ˲١
ÿҪĵҩΪս
ٶļƷ쾧ʯԻ¯߱˵ҲԶǲġ
ãʱ򣬶ָǿؼľƾīļƷ쾧ʯһҲ޷Ļָ
Щ죬ַһЩ顣
ԳһЩˡ߷һЩϵļ塣
Ϲټҡҡҡϵңȸ壡
ȥʱƽߵʱͬƽƺûһĲ
Щùļ壬Ҳûκʲô鶼ûзһ㡣
飬˵۾һӾͷֱһЩȥģȫīԹļ壡
ȥʲôˣȥ棿˱ʲô粻֪飿
ƾδʼգûܵõһ׼Ĵ𰸡
󣬻ǱŸˮţīվ˵һܶ˼ĻҸī֮䣬ƺԶܻ⡣ԹҲҸī֮ĶԹˡ漰κˡ
һ仰ǻζ֮ҲͶˡ
Щ壬ȷǱˣ
˽˶ԹԡС֮Ҳԣ
Ψ£ԹĲȻҲӦ
ʲôǵǵ
һȺı˳Ϊ˵ĳһˣʩʩȻ߷Щ壬ȻΪī˺ܶ鷳
īЩϢҲů
ڳһ˲ϵԭҲѾסΪԼã
īǲ֪ôˣеǳأףҲܿ顣ԣػͬʱīҲڼҪػԼǸϵļ塣
Ի͹ԺһԻͣ
Ĵƣһ˳һߣлû취κμʿħ֮䳶κιϵ
н綼Щǵǣ˵һ󣬳ٳûж
Ҳһн磬ǲȫġ
ϣ˶ʶһΣյ飬ħһ֣н綼١Ǹʱûܹ⡣
ˣһ󣬻Ѷޡ
ߵ˻һֱѰң֮ǰͨݣһЩڲϢ׾ҵˡһԳߣͬҲһա
籾ʵ̫ˣȻҪ߱磬Ҳûôף궼δꡣһЩطͬԽ롣
ԣҪһҳĺܲס
īҲܵǣϤ̶ȣԶһЩˣǶҲҲͬΪ
ڶڳī˵Ҫ飬ǸϽϵ˳á۵һ̶֮󣬶ɹ٣ʱӵǿսȻ׼ǿߣҲĵ
񵤳ƺû̫ܵӰ죬ȻȽϰ
֮ǰŰϹȻҪī黹ҩ¯ĵˣ˿Ҳû˶
պ󣬳īڽеĵ˿סʼٵĻָ
ԴӳīסջѾкܶûгȥˡջϰ壬ҲǳԾûκīš
˵λ˳ִ󷽣ҷǳϲľĿˡ
ԵĻԸһֱסȥ
ͻȻһȺˣÿջϰǳͷۡ
ǿջˣȫߡһʮޱĿſջϰ壬˵
ջϰ忴ŵװӣһǫ˵ˣСвٿˣܶ඼ǳڡ
˵Ļû𣿡Ŀһۿջϰ壺Ϊ㣬㲻䡣񵤳еĿջȫȫ̡ϡеˣΪдϾҪ̸¡ҪΪˣһٴζģ
˵ţĿſջϰ壺𣿡
ջϰɫûûˡ
ûо;죡鷳˵꣬תˣҪȥһջ


1248 
ջϰЩִٵλʿţ͹١𣿡
ī˫ۣʵ𣿡
Ǹǡġջϰ֧֧˵һľȻЦСҲû취ˣźƤġ
Ŷ˵вˣǵĺˣīʵ
ǣǵ¡ҲҲ̸вɣǶѾϰˣһֱġջϰЦϾ񵤳ǣǵ˼ĵطߣĺˣСʲôȨΥ
סԺӣƫƧҲʲôõϷī˵ɣҸһ鼫Ʒ쾧ʯ˾ǡ˱ҪߵʱȻߡ
ջϰ廹û˵ͻȻ΢΢һһ龧Ө͸û˿ʵľʯƾճСֻһۣȻһŵúϲ£
û뵽˾Ȼĸһ鼫Ʒ쾧ʯ
ôһ쾧ʯ˵סҪջҲ´ࡣһ붼òˣ
⡭Ǻðջϰ鼫Ʒ쾧ʯ·һֵɽ
ˣôŰɣ㲻Ҫ˵ȥľǣҲʲô鷳īʲôҲֵεĿջסӶδػ߽Ҳ߸ˡ˵أ
ջϰһ룬ƺջʲôΣԼȻĺܡȻ̸ϲҲ㲻񵤳õġҪʲôҲȷѡס
ôһ룬ջϰҲ̤ʵ˲٣ͷǣСԡ
˵ţջϰϲǲΰȥˡ
ôһ鼫Ʒ쾧ʯ˵Ҫܶ׬Ҫ˵Ҫƭ˵ġֻⶫʵְһĺ˷֣¾ҪԲ˶ˡ
飬ջϰڰʱּ֣Ǹꡣ
ôˣʵ
ջϰһᣬҲû·ˣɴͷˣѾɾˡ
ţֱӳһƷ쾧ʯ̨ϣģ˵ţתˡûмһµ˼Ϊţ񵤳ǣû˸浤ĺˡ
ջϰһ̱ϣŹ̨ǿƷ쾧ʯ¶һĨЦζĲٳһˡͷ¹ȥ֮ҸᣬѿջҳȥˡЩҲһЩȥϣҲ㹻ˡ
ջϰȻֻһԪӤʿкܶԪԼľҲ㣬ҪҸĵطڼߣһ
н㲻˼롣
н˼룬ĲҲߵľ硣Ϊ˵츳վ޵ġ
ڿв˷ѵԼԪ絽һ̶֣֮Ȼʼ쳾
ϧջϰԸעûа취ʵ֡
ʱĹȥɫ࣬һ˫۷·Ҫ棬䶢ſջϰ壺аӲСʲô㶼ƭ
ңûƭջϰĵ΢΢һݣǿ򶨵ĵ
ûƭңոһȺҪס˼ʶһɨջһԺб˴ڡֱӴ뿪ˣĿſջϰ壬ɭȻ˵㻵ҵĴ£ȥ֮ҿ϶ܵͷ
ҡûƭ˰ջϰ忴꣬ˡ
ʱֱ̧־һƣջϰĻᣬֱӽ¡ȻӿջϰϣһöƷ쾧ʯ
۾ʱһ૵벻һǮãЩҲѡסϵǮȫŪԲҼٵĳͷ
˵ţ꿴ҲĿջϰһֱۣӳźǸԺ߹ȥ
īڲϵķ
֮ǰ·֮û̫ʱȥ
ѧר
ЩнݾЩȴûʲôݾ
Ȼֻ츳ã߾磬ԽԽˣ츳õʿܻһЩҲ˶ѡ
ǲڷܣôվǻͣͣӣᱻ˳Խ
īΪ˱Ϣйֱ÷ӡСԺֻҪ󲻱ͲӦǰ淢Щ飬īֱ֪괥˷󣬳īһ˫۲Żϣ¶һĨɻ֮ɫ漴ʶɨһ¡īɫˡ
һ˫ɭĹâû뵽ΪԵʣǸջϰ壬Ȼ˸ɱˣ
ɱ˵ģӦþˡ
ˣСԺ棬ɭ
еǵһͨĹ£ľ磬ЩǵУȴ͵ġ
һɾʿ
⾳ڵ˵Ȼʲô񵤳УȴҲСˡ
ԣܳ塣
ֱ˹


1249 
ûй̽һֱֻ֣Ӱץ˽ȥ
˶һãȻ״̬һдġ¡Ȼһòƽ꣬Ŀϣ·һѹִĸоȷǰ
㡭ʲôˣ֪֪˭ЩⱲӸû񵤳ǣû硣֪ǣеʿ
һֱū͵ݣֻҪԷܶôǿƣǸɣҲһˣ
ȳ仰֮󣬸оԼĵƺһЩ俴ųīȵǵġ
ջϰ壬ɱģīŵʵ
㡭˵һ֣͸оԼֱ΢΢һš̲סһ̶ľУҡҵĸ첲
ûпԼĸ첲ôģ
ȫûκθо
ĸ첲ֱӵ䵽ȥˡ
ϱ۴Ѫע
ջϰ壬ɱģ
ڵӵʱٴ
㵽ס
һ˵֡
ȻʣµֱۣҲ˵ϡ
һĲҽС
ֻۣһ档Ҫģǿ־壡
ޱߵĿ־壡
ȻʲôĴʿɺôҲһɰԷնֱۣԷôĶûƽ꣬ľ磿
ջϰ壬ɱģ
δƽз
ǣɱġɱġд޾Ŀ־壬źĿǻıŻˡ
ΪʲôҪɱ
ҡ߶µش
Ҳˡ
ͨһڵأɱҡɱңҲҰ
Ǻãʣһ仰˵ѣ
֪ˣʡʣС˲˵ѡ߶µĹ֪һߵȥˡʱ˿̣һ㱨˼
һ㡭ң
Щˣʲôˣīʵ
֪С˲ƭǵݣûʸ֪Щݰ˵һ䲻֪͸оһ䣬ʱŵûɢæ˵񡭡һȺؼҵˡ
ؼң
СҲĸؼҰһί񵤳ǳеļţԴ񵤳ǱЩţȻżţȴþԼ̫ңԶȥע
˶ˣīʵ
һ˴ԼˣֱסеĿջԭԭҪסǼġܾˡС˵
ؼҡī˵һ䣬ȻһֱָֻһâԴ档
һ˵ϣȻȥ
һ̣֪ԼҪˣһ˫УСɫ
㲻òġΪͬô㡣ī˵ţֱվȥ
ջǲܼסˣò˶ãͻᾪˡ˵īҲ뿴ȺνؼҵĴж
ؼң
磬ī֪ؼңһûʲôӡ
ʫļ壬ҲͰˣʫϣһƽϡһؼҡǾͱǸˣǵùң
ͬʱеļ壬˾ˣһ㣡
ʱ˿̣ھ񵤳һǧٶĵϣٰһʢᡣ
ϣѾܶ궼ûôֹˡ
ļԳͬһߣλϣһȺŮӵĸݡ
֣룡嵱־žƱһ΢ЦĳԵʾ⡣
΢΢һЦеľƱȻЩпĵ־͵ܣ˵Ѿкܶûм˰ɣ
־룬˵ţӦѾǧûˣʱˮ
ǰǧ꣬н磬Ҳһκ̵ܶʱ߸пΪعԶؼҵһϣһʵѾ޾ӽ׼𾳽硣磬е˲ࡣ־ǴСʶѡ
ؼѾ׳ˣħ塢ħΰһֶ֡ˮؼĴȺȻǿƥҲסŭ
ڵõزֵָǲòʱѡݱܷâ
ǺǣֻôӲʡ־һںȵоƣЦ˵
عԶЦЦŵ־Щӵĵһ·ϣ;ܶطҲٹȥľʶǵˣȴһҲûС̬鵭Īڴ˰ǵ־͵壬ʢǡģ飬عԶ
عԶ˵ţҲоһ
־ЦҸʶཻ꣬ǺѣмӶĵһǵ壬Գһûʲôӡ󣬴׻ƴػߵţԵšǳīǷǳУ˲֪͵١


1250 ˭б˭
عԶͷ˵굤ǰҩ¯䵽ǳīУ
־ЦŵͷǣǻŰϹҪԷ֮
ֱдعԶЦǽҼǳīȻɱȻҩ¯־͵ܣ
ǾֹǣˣһֵƣЩ˰ûǵ͵ˡ־һɬ˵ҪʱǶϣûʲôùӳԡ
𼱡عԶâɭ˵ǱQ˶죡
ѵл֮־Щȣű뵽ʲôȻҵˣּ棬˵Ѿˣ
عԶһĨͷ渴֮󣬾ȥػһȥˣߣһҵΣ
عԶҲ֪زֿѰī޹ҵˣƮŮ۾ѻ¡̫ˣزҲܸԼĺȥ˵
־΢΢һعԶЩ̽ʵ֣ĪǸԡģ
عԶЦЦĿһ۵־ô־͵Щˣ
־һЦûʲôµģħô˵ͳҲãħͳҲգ壬Ͳߣô˭ͳ磬壬ʲôϵأ˵ɣ
־ЦúܿţʵЩǣǿ
ħ壬һ˲֪ǵΣ־Ϊĵô᲻֪֪ΣΪԼļʲô֮ħҪĴ׻ƴ磬ҲֻͶķݶ
־͵赣ǡعԶĿһ۵־Ȼ󵭵˵ĺˣħгһսٵ磬ͬҲҪǺģ
־۾΢΢һ
عԶ˵ؼ֮ǰسһЩʣ˲ˣ£־͵Ӧ˵˰ɣ
־ͷһźĵ¡ź
ǺǣûʲôźġعԶ˸Ĺ⣺ЩˣҲûʲô̫ϵͬһϵ˾ˡ㵥־عԶֵܡʱħ彵磬ֵ֮ʣһǼ壬ƼǣʱʲôһʲôīǸƶѣȫ塣
־ϣʱ¶֮ɫЩϱҲ¶˷ܡ
ܸħ˵ǲ٣Ըһ¥ǸϺܶ¥
ӵ֮󣬾Щһ겻ļ壬ܿٴλָյٹ⣡
˵ֱǸľϲ
ڸʲô˺ǿͲҪ
棬ĺܣŲɵ͵ìܣϣʵԶϵģ
ڵ־Ķ棬ϣҲɵ¶ЦݡЩīԽǿһ֣Խǿ־һֿ֡־壬Ҳųī·֮󣬵쾳ĵХԶﵽһ۷壡
ǸȻͣɾˣѾĳɳΪһľ뢣
īһ첻һ첻̤ʵЩأӱ鵤ö׷ɱ·ϣҲõ˺ܴĻԵȥǰη鵤ˣԳīĿ־壬ȴ˿ûΪѾ·֮޾ˡҩīȻŻˣ
֪ʲôȴ֪λ·֮һʧˣ
عԶ׿ڳŵ棬̤ʵ
ʱͻȻ俴ڼ־ԵعԶȻŭվЩơţͿ˵Ŀ⣬ȫ
ôˣ΢΢üϰ߱עš
㡭ؿڡϣһָؿڣ¶ޱ𾪺ͺȻɫ
ʱعԶ͵־Ѿʧˡ
УعԶŭȣη󱲣ڰˣҹ
Ǳߵĵ־Ҳŭҹ
ֱʱͻȻоؿڴһɾʹ־ʹ˲Ϯ۵һһѪѪֱھϡ
֮Ѫ˲仯ɻҽ
ţ壬ͨһˤڵأ壬˲ѣ
һ߱񱻺ݺݵˤڵϱķһʶûܶ
ȫ𺳵ˣ־Ŀȫðһɹɵĺ
ʲôֶΣ
ȻܹعԶ׼͵Ϯһ߽׵ֶΣҲֲ̫˰ɣ⵽ʲôͨ
̫ˣֱɱΰ
һȺĴз׷վܶ˶ĬĬݣҪҳԭ
ۣ
ۣ
ۡ
һü߽׵ͬʱѪȻͬȻȵҪݡ
ۣ
˵ˣһ߽׵Ѫ
Щ˵Уȫ¶޾ĺȻ֮ɫ
һ£Ѫˡѵһ
¡
УʱͻȻ䴫һȻ졣
һɽߵľ޴¯Ƭգ˵ͷ
Щʿ̲סʧҩ¯
ǲһֱ˵ⵤ¯Ǽҵô˭˭б¡
մУʮԵϷʺ͡м
ī
ͬһʱ䣬ϵʿ˲֡


1251 ߸֪
˵ȫ޷ŵĸоѾʧ˺ܾúܾõĳīôܳط𣿻ǵĻþ̫˼ˣ
ǱعԶŭȣС·㲻ߣͶȻˣɣ
عԶ쳣ŭоԼݺݵˣ
Ϊһ׼𾳽ĴܣȻ˵ˡȻǿµĹǳģǣڣûŪǹôģ
ңҪģˡǳī
ͳ֣˵ʲôҲҪ˸
عԶˣľ磬˿ûдֱȡıУһѾ޴ͭµ
һУ
عԶֳͭµնī
ֱӱпγʮֹĳƬգһ
ǵָյߣʵһޱȷĵݺնī
īҲȡ߱죬һʩչһ
ৣ
߱һâ߱ն
عԶǵݺݶײһ
䣬Ƭշ·𱻻ˣķ
ʵϣǱиģ
û˸ҿǵ־嵱Ҳң
ԶԶĶУһ𾪵ĿһĻлοҺȻĻ¼Ҫˡ
ûƬ̣浤ϣ־ľٶһ־۾ֱˣ
ҩ¯ЩһȻڷˣ
޽ɡɡɡ׷ױǵ¯뵱Уǵ¯д־;ӵĿ޺
Ψе˵ʿǿֿסǹɢ
־ɵˣĿѵ¯֣ҪϵԼ˽ȥ
ûκ壬һɽĵ¯بգƾôͲΪ
¯Ĵķ裬һۻҵĸо־ŶЩΡ
ţ¯ˣˢһ£˸¯ڳϣȻʼ
־ӵΣһīħ
ԶУīмЦħҪħˣҲ˵Ƕħ˵ǲǼҵĵ¯ôߣ
㡭Ҫɱ㣡־ţһī
෱࣬ùķԱ֮Ϊͷֺܶȼˡ
˵عԶͭµǾùıУ
־һ̨ȴֻдʱų̀ȻҲմȾĴϢȫܸȡ
Ƿ̨ī̧־һȭ
һֻȭͷ˲Ƿ̨ǰ棬ݺݵȥ
׼ȷ˵ǶԺ䣡
̨ʱķѣһصƬ
īֻȭͷֿ˻ȥȻݺݵعԶ˹ȥ
īһˣ˵øԼĵһȫµľ磬Ȼġһ
˵̫ˣ˸е˼顣
һ綼ʿȻģһ㡰·ߡ
⣬ɵ֮ջ
ջԶԶī֮ǰ֪
ԣīսҪȸոմ·ʱ򣬱ø׺
۶Ե⣬˿ѷɫعԶ֣ǿ࣡
սľ飬ī˽һ·ͬսļܣΣҲԲȻ˺ܶعԶٰ֡
īΨһģǴ󾳽磬عԶеۣعԶ
ս飬˭ǿ˭һӮġ
䣡
عԶҧгݵĸīԺһȭоֱ۶Щ飬𾪲ѡ
ţعԶʼʩչͨҪͨī
û뵽ǣīһ̧֣һѵֱӴ
ȻʩչȫûȣӲϣԶԶ߳عԶķ
˫֮䣬ʮغϷɿȥعԶ׼𾳽ĴܣȻûռī˿ıˣˣŵĸо
عԶԤϣҲǱߵ־һڵ˵Ԥϡ
ЩؼҵˣһжŲŵĺȻ֮ɫŸعԶսĳī
Ŷ೤ʱ䣿Ŷ󣿾ôֵزµʿīһǻ˵Ļ·
̫˼ˣ
һɾʿսǿᵽս׼·磬Ѿڳ˶е֪
ΨҾʱҲڷţī߶ҵľԣɵ֮󣬳īԾԵҲһͻͽĽ
߶־ɽ
ϵľ޴࣬˲䱻㡣
عԶҪֶͨ۸īѾˡ
־
ؼǺľԴԴϵīӿΨҾУ뵽ī֫ٺС
ī޴ڵĵ̨ȫڷת
һ̣īеﵽһ޷ĳ̶ȣ
֮壬·ȫûа취ôؾ
ն
ī߸߾߱죬¡ûκλڵġعԶ
عԶĿУ¶Ȼ֮ɫһУܵ޾ΣʱҪ˱ܣѾˣ
ֻܾͭµԼͷ
꣡
жϣ
عԶڿѪ


1252 ˭޹
һĻףֱӾˣ
׼ֵ޵еĴڣȻ˴Ѫ
īûмܽһ׼𾳽ʿƵ̶ֳȣԳī˵ҲһּˡϾǵ
عԶȥ׼ѪУÿһѪӵлԵľ޴ܡ
ڳīУȴǾҩ
һ̣īֱое־ָ
ƣһֱûг׻ָȴһѵĻᣬ׼ľѪӵ޾ľһΣź嫵ܡ
عԶЩ׼֮Ѫ־ֱѪɫľī
عԶһĻ˼ҪˣѪҺ׼𾳽ıѪȻ֮ˡֱܴ裡
īĿعԶȻȻһЦ
عԶ͵ľһͻһɾ޴ĲУһ۳īתߡ
ߵĸɴ䣬ˮ
־ĵֱˣعԶЩؼҵʿûᣬһˣ
һܣ棬ʱˡ
ؼЩʿһȫɢ˷ȥ
Щˣȫɵ֪ĿһĻ˼Щɥʧˡ
īȷɱعԶԸɴԶȥʣЩؼҵʿɾûôõˡ
أ
īһȭһ쾳ĵϣȭͷ貶ĿĹԣֱӽȻһͷ­ն¡
䣬նɱһ
Ǳߵĵ־û䣬ӱȴ·ʱ򡭡ӿֲˣ
ϣ
һؼҰĵֱӼһ׼𾳽ı۹ɱī
Ƭ񷼸īˣǵʵӲѣȻˣīƴˣ
Ϊܺùīơ
ؼҵĸ߽׵ŵ־ŭ𣺡㻹ɵվŸʲôΪīɱǻŹǵһ
ɱ֮󣬾ֵˣһؼҵĸ߽׵ŭ
־˸£Ȼīҵ壬׷ҩ¯Ըһʹ˶Թ壡
޳ܣؼ߽׵òѪ
Ǽôʿ㻹ûеһؼҵĸ߽׵Ҳ̡
־̾˿ǵһСҵС治˳аɣ
Ե־˵ѡҲʵΣȷҪؼҺҪͶħһȥǣĺعԶƲԼԶˡôؼһӮ
ȻؼҲӮһħ彵ٵ磬ôؼҾôƣҲһ֮ۡǣ塭ͦôáϽ̬̫
Ǹ꣬һɱȭֳֵؼЩʿӸߵͣûһ֮Сò˶ãͻᱻīɱɾʱǵңֽȥδӣ
ӵĶͷǲк³ؼҸ߽׵ŭȴīһ룬һֻ첲ʹ۴С
īʼûлӦ־飬ȴҲû˵ܾĻֻɱؼҵЩʿ
ٸʿģɾģһ൱ǿڳīǰȴȫĲ
̫ˣ
Щĺȫɵۡ
ոջƱյ緢ؼʿͬˮһ㣬žĴϵ䣬һʧȥ
УݺᣬīںЩؼҵĵϣֻһЩʮǳԵ˿ڣȾȴӰ첻ս
־գһԲĿţɫҲѾ԰׵˼¡Ųһˣ꣬Ѿ𣬳Ϊ뢣סˣ
֮ǰЩŰϽҪīҪɱˣЩЦī·ûеõκλԵͣɾˣֱɵÿЦҲܿɱ
Щ֪ɾĳīնɱ쾳ĵ񿳹вһɣһı飿
־ҡҡͷ䣬û취ֻ˼ûСΪǰؼʿԽԽ٣ʣ¼߽׵ڿ֧š
ɱȺؼʿɾֵǵˣ
־֪ī֪˶飿ûعԶ֮ĶԻоޱġ
īڽһؼҵĸ߽׵ն䳾ϣҲˣƬȾѪ˵ϣ͸һ޵Ϣ
վ£
ӣһᡣ־ӲͷƤɵīǰһȫ״̬һɬ˵
īһȻ̧ͷĿŵ־Ҳ˵
־ԥһ£·мӵܵ棬ͨһչڳīǰҪɱɱһˣŹЩɣǡ޹ġ
ϣ
߱һ⣬Ե־־ͷ߸߷
֮Ѫӿ
־УǿҵĲš
ãҶѾˣѾˣҶûκвˡΪʲôҪɱңȻɱң
飡
־ͷ­б飬Ԫһͬ顣
һɲǣƺ˳īȱһ仰
ϣ˭޹ģ


1253 ˮ
û޹ģ
ȺһֱŰϸֽҪؼħ߹ˣûһ޹ģ
ǿƵһôļ壬Ȼ뵽ħĶ鵱УͷԭͬɱԣһʼīûŹǡ
¹ľҪŹ㣿
棡
·еҵˣȫɵˣһ߾ߵվǣȫɥʧ˼
īɺ͵ʿ͵ظɱ
Ѫȳ죬Ѫɺӡ
಻Ϊһ򣬵гһյ磬ȺŰ鱻Ϳ̿
ҪվĻôīǸ
һ޽ɾĵŮ޿޵üιȥ̱ţħħ򣡡
ī߱죬һˣ䵽ǰ
޽ɾĵŮޣŵûȥޱȿ־ųīţҲ˵һ仰
֮ǰǼعԶ̸𣿡
ŮϵǣħħһĿֲ꣬ûɱȻ䣬ȴûʲôɱ⡣
ˡ˵Լû̫ˡ
֮ǰ־عԶ̸֮ûбܻڳЩˡҶ
ǣһͶħ廳еӵܣʲô
ҵŮޣʱһ£˵³򣬻ƱȣһЩġߣȴȫû취˵ڡ
Ͷħ廳ֻ֮ʲôڼ׷ʡ
ŮȻڳĬش𲻳
ƺҲûش˼˵ôһڰԵļˣʲôʸ˵Ƕħħ򣿡
ī˵꣬俴һŮޣת뿪ˡ
ʣЩ֮µʿɱմȾѪѾࡣҲʲôûʵɣֻһͷ˭һҼ԰ҹ˭ҵĵˣ
ŮޣȻоϵѹһᣬٴ̧ͷʱǸħѾʧˡͬһʧģУֻ޴ɽĿֲ¯
ڡô
ҵŮޣĬһȻ۵һʹ
ˮһйЧķϲûǱˣмֲ
屻˾޴ĺ䶯˵ҵ磬һѾʧȥٹļ屻Ҳرŵĺ䶯Ϊʵ̫ˡΪǵ˽гīǸѾʧ˺ܾõ꣬ˣһӱ䶯硣
ī֣յ塣
ճʷ
νҪҩ¯һЦҪأ嶼û˰ɣ
𺳵ġ𾪵ġֻЦġȫһð
ֻһˣ⵽屻һЩϸڡ
˵ʱؼٶʿڳٶʿȫֻһ׼𾳽Ĵ˶ӡ
׼𾳽Ĵ˶ӣû𣿡˱ʾ𾪡
īľ磬ֻɾʲôʱɱôˣ
ڴ޽ɾʱ򣬾չֳǿսԽս
޽ɾսɣս׼𡭡һ𣿡
īսȻǿֵزżĹ֮ǰô˵ҪɱţЩأ˵˵ǵĸܣ
ǺǣҿûгһЩܵľ棬īйԹЩ壬Ҳȥ˰ɣ
ڳī鷳Ͳˡ
ī֣һ쳹磬Ϊʿе̸ʡһΣīʱ䡢ӡȫûˡɲϲīˣҲòϣˣѾɳΪһ뢣
۷֣ҲҪżءΪīǿѾΪһʵ
ʼӿ񵤳ߣҪһóīɡЩˣעʧءΪīѾٴʧǵߵС
磬ܹ֪īٵˣҲ˶ѡ
ˮҡ
϶ֵ͵ļ壬ԵüΪ֡
ܶˮҳӵܣȫع壬˴˼佻ŸϢ
һЩľӢŮеĸߴӢŮ䣬ܵ֮ӡ֮Ů
ڴ˿̣ȴȫԶϵĴдżĽ
˵λ᲻Ϊϣһʮ꣬òӢݰףߵһȺʵ
Ӧò˰ɣ·֮ѾɳΪ쾳ĵǿĸ߽׵һʮ˵
ЩǴҪģؼģһ밡һʮŮӣһ˵е΢ᡣ
ǰǰ˵ǸīӣǸʲôˣܳΪҵĽ̫ˣֱ޵аǸʮһȵ˵ȫûע⵽Ůеķᡣ
˾ע⵽ˣҲûе¡ˮңˮǸ֮ŮΨһġ
ʱſˣˮ߳
΢ЦҡҷˣȻ˼ӡ
һȺֱΧȥ


1254 
ǸŮֱӶŮЩ죬΢΢һţȻҲȥ
㣡
ùá
С̣ѽ
һȺˣ࣬ȫյˮǰ
ˮϴŵЦ⣺˺ˣˣСѾͷѽˣţŮˡţˮҲ̤ɾˣ·ϵջҲСṲ̆ϵ硣
ˮһĴкǰЩˣȫˮҵճһҴСϤĺܡˮҵΧҲȽϺã໥ȻҲнϾ飬˵ȴǺŽһ塣
֮ǰǸŮӣҲˮǳѽþòˣ
ŮˮǳһЦѽ㣬þòˣϲΪ߽׵μ֮һΪһεĳ˰ɣ
ʱȫˮ
ˮ΢΢һЦȻͷţ
ȺУȻ䴫һ󾪺
֮ǰѾµ˽ˮ׿ڳϣֱ𺳵˵ĸо
ļ峤ϣǳĲ˼飡
ʹɵУҪΪһϣΪ߾ͿԵġ
ˮһһĴ壬ϵˮȻڲҲϵȴûǰԣҲΪһЩ֮ͬԸ񲻺ͣ˭˭ϵһ󡣵ȴûʲôԵϵ֮֡
ˮҵĳϲ࣬һֻʮ˸
ʮ˳ϣѾкܶûб䶯ˡ
һΣһˮҵĳϣ˵Ԫֻʣһǧٶ꣬жγ֮λȻԼӡΪˮҵĵ̣ڼΣ֮ʣվΪ幱һ
£ȥЩʵϣȴκһϼ嶼ᷢ顣Ȼ˸УҲܽܡ
һ˾ĻһҪ
ԭһΣߵˣһˡǸˣһˣҲ߹··֮ʱ˵졣ǧȥҲѾ˵쾳硣
ʵƷ˶ʸΪˮҵĳϡ
ˮ룬ˮ·ͻ֮ʱȻˮӡõһž
£˿ֻһԵеĽǼʡˮڲ˵µӡȴζһĺϢǾǣˮпܻѭⲿž̤֮·
ʵ̫Ҫˣ
˵׻ƴعı䣬û취һԪǰ̤֮·һءһˮ̤·ôˮ˵һ޷ľ޴Ե
ûɵ٣Ϊ׼ϣǳ֮оųϵİգ
ˮе׼ʱҲûйֻԵˮʵ̫ˣ䣬ȡֳɾͣѾˮң濼Ϊһˡ
ˮҸ߲ƫĳ룬Ҳصôһö룬ǳī
ˮѾȷ̬˵ī֮飬ҪΪ忼ǵݣ̹ϵ˵īѾˣ֮䣬ܡˮҵĸ߲ǻǽīĴڼˡ
Ϊˮ·ϻ˴ĻԵ͸īԸĹϵ
ϱ￴飬ñȽͨ͸ԣˮ飬ȴûáѹλǧǰĳΪˮ¡Ҳĳϡ
ˮǳҲЩ𺳵ˣϣǳԾı飬ΣŻعٿˮĿУ˼־ηʩ񣺡ǳϣ
ЩҲȫعˮʩ񣺡ϣ
ˮЦҡҡͷ֮Բ̫Ը⵱ϣҲô빫Ϊ
֮ǰҶֵܽãǱֵͺܶЩˣҲ඼ֵܽһദҲˮˮԵãǿĸԭ֮ŮӲ
ȻһҲԶס
֮һܶкͰ׵ĺѣҲǸпµСŮ
һУ¶ΪˮҳϣԶȥӽҪѧųҪѧϲŭɫҪѧ飬кܶܶࡣ
ϣһƺζųصΡ
һ뵽ЩˮʱЩɺʱϵŰ壬ͻȻһɵĲ
ˮȡŰ壬ɨһۣ漴ϣ¶һ˿ǳŹֵɫнšмһĨĵǡ
ЩȫЩԵĿˮˮǿЦһ£ȻתصϵĴ
̲ס֪ʲôܶ˵óԼŰ壬ҲûʲôϢ
ˮŰ֮ϣ˽ĵУֻһīոշĻ
ǡ;˵أ˳ݷһ£һ֮󵽡


1255 Űݷ
ˮ˹ŵ֮󣬶ȺûȥĳǣԼĸףˮҼˮ갲˵ī˵һҪ
ţ

ʲô
īҪ
еˣһʱ䶼ЩûܷӦţ˵ȫ¶֮ɫ뿴ˮ
ˮ갲ˮģ
ԼĸףˮѾ˳ϣҲ̲סЩĵ˵𣿡
ʲôˮ갲ЩŵĿԼŮ
֮ǰˮѾ˵ĺī׮ŵĻ²⣬¶Ҫٵ׮ԼͷôˮңҪ̸ʲôҪһ˻飬ˮҵĿɾ̫˵㣡
ˮ֮ǰŰϹȻԳīʾˮҲһֱǳһļʵӵ
ˮ갲ûһϢʱ˷ܣоЩͷۡΪյЩڳīϢܹжϳһǳǿˣܹ
ˮһЩŵĸףҲЩ࣬ԼˮҵСһƬȴӶҪ˻ġָô죿ţˮзԼ²⡣
Ȼīһʱ䲢Գī˽⣬ȴǺܶ˶Ȳ˵ġ
ˣŸ׺Щ΢΢һЦ˵·˳ݷһ¡
ˮ갲ЩɵĿԼŮܸоŮϸոյ仯ˣҲʳڡϾϵŮ档ҲֻǿһЦǺǣͦáҲῡˡ
ǰҲˡ
ǺǡûûӴˡ
һȺˮҵĳϣȫһԸЦ
ˮ̲ס˸ۣĵͦøʲôѽһ飬ôǿڵʲô³ī˻ǵ˵ˮҪ޲ȥˣ
ЩǵķӦˮҲֳֻܱĬΪԼʱĵһӦǸһ
īҪϢûпⱻΪ͵ˣҲûʲô˼ԣˮҺ֪ܿǸҪϢ
ȻֱӷŰȥȻ󡭡н磬֪Ϣ
ˮҵĹүҪŰݷˣ
ҺģĿеŮ񣬾ҪΪ˵ˡ
˰ɣһǲ֪ˮж£
īˮң¹үŰݷ𣿡
Ű֮ϣѸٵĳ˴Ϣ
ԴˣˮһЩ£벻ȻҲôͱȥһ䶯ֻҪīϹϵ飬ȫ˵Ȥ
ΪˣרŸīһϢȥ¡³ī⽫Ϣųȥγѹѡ
īֻ֣ȴˮ˲Ҫĸоã
ġ
īˮң˵·Ҳ˵Ϊ֮ҪȥңͷҪȥиһйصļ壡
ҴûҵˣҲһֱڹΪΨһļ̳ˣͱҪ縺һЩȥûôע⵽Ρ
˵Щһؼ壡
֮ǰΪؼҵĴһؼ⧲֮£ܶ嶼ʧءЩˡ̳ǣ˵¼ҡ̫޹ȥ
Դˣīȷŭʹģڵʱ޿κεС
ӳһЩˣѸľѰҺͻȥϡԳһؼİͱ
īã£ʺϵġ
ȻˣôӦȥļң
񵤳Ǳ뿪֮󣬳īһĴͼˮҵľ벢رңԶܵȻľҲ١
˼ȥīǾȥˮҡ
һ̬ȣ
ȻҪܾ׮£ȴûҪ˻飬ΪôֱӴˮҵˮ˺Ҳġ
Գīһַʽ䴦顣
ճī뷨ڽħ֮Ҫ𾳽磬Ȼ뿪׻ƴȥԼĸ׵ģ
Щ飬ʱ䣬ˮ֮䣬Ҳûرĸµţˮһʼµ
ڸľګ׳յĳīȴһ£֮䣬˿ͬûкĸһúΨһ𲻹֮䣬໥ϲˮȴǵ˶ѡ
ʱܻ嵭ܶණͬʱҲһЩӡø
ӵˮϢ֮󣬳īһŰҲЩЦáͬʱкܶ˸Ϣ
ңֵܣڽθͦõģ˵ʵҾֻ֮䣬ûˮ䡣
壺СȥˮҸʲôסֻܰǧɵ¡ǹ￴ŸСŮƵģʵǳҪ˺
ƽϲ
ƣǺǡ
㣺ҵĽ򰡣ȥˮҸʲô
ѡˣ
棺ҪҵС̷Ժˣɡ˵ϴ˲ٺö
½ѩϲֵܣ
ǣһ԰أʲôʱȥ׵𣿡
кܶ˵Ϣ벩ë嫺˫СһϢʳīǲȥˣʳīǸСȥˣضԴ顣ȴּһ䣺Ͻͽɡ
ЩǵϢīеһͷ
ȻãԼһվѡˮңǲˣ


1256 Ѫսɽ
óīԸаοǣԼ֮ǰߵЩ󣬵ûһʱϢЩ˶һ£Ǿǣīĸ顣
ɽ﷽Բһɽ
ˮҴԼһ·̣ҲԳīּʿ˵ʵϾɺԶ
ɽ֮Ϊɽӷǳأһͭǽڣب֮á֮µʿʵǵɽɽ֮Զȥͬվ쾡ͷȻһزԲԣΨҹ¼ŵĸо
īԶԶĿɽ룬ҲָпȻĹ񹤣˾̾ɽ׼ȷ˵Ӧý죬ݹǧ֮ңԶԶȥΪһبڴϵĳǽɢŲɣĹ⡣
ֵطӦòīͻȻһȻˡ
飡
һ죬Ȼը
ովĵطīĶ΢һ㣬ոһ£ˡ
طǣһ𣬽ţһâϸޱȷųīն
īŲȻӰ粽˲һţգ˲ֹâһŴǵصġīֹ
һԤıĽɱ
ŰϵϢ
ī˲뵽ԭո˵ǣȻҪȥˮңôȻҪɽԣԼһϵɱ󣬾Ϊ˵
ǶԷһ̣вʾīҪˡ
ԷĲص÷ǳȫźۼ֣Ȼǿ󣬵ǸܲһɱҲֶܷԷĴڡ
ңģһˣһȺˣ
һȺ֮ǰɱɱֲһֲİɱߣ
ϵϢ˽ӽ
ܿȺɱֵϢǿģҲһ쾳ĵӵ쵽첻ȡһʮˣ
࣬Զû֮ǰعԶŵȺ˶ࡣӾϿƺҲôǿ󣬾쾳ĵīѾ˲ֹһһؼҵˡ
عԶ׼𾳽ĴܣīһУڿѪ֮زز
˵ʮˣԳī˵Ӧòṹκв
ʵϣȴˣ
硰ԽԽǿڳīﲻ̫һʮɱǰͬҲôã
ǵľȷûؼЩʿߣǵʵȴޱȵǿ
ǰɱǾˣֱûīвæ£һʱڣϾѾɼǵ˿ˣ
һʱڣīֻɱ쾳ɱ֣شһġ
ЩˣֱҪ·̫죬ұ˴˼ϣҲޱȵĬ
ǸīսڰŻ͵Ϯ
ǿĵ򣬸з󣬽ī档
ǲµķûκιȴԽ档û˹īſԴݵƽȻȥ
ڣֻܰԼЩ⡣
ˮôŮӣһΡҲˡ塱Ĵ
Ϊ˿ҵĴƣѾȫɵؼѾˮһĴڣٳǰīܹ׼ܵĴڣ
н磬жܸв
ˮûīǰˮҵ·ϱ˽ɱ
īԼȻѪħЩצǱ磬ʱ׼֡ȴû뵽Էɽ
֮·ΪӪʱ̱־ͽȻܿʱ򣬱͵Ϯֱ䡣
ӣҲϡ棬һ㶼ټ
īʱҲûʱȥʼԣ侲ԵС
һ˫ĲС
ȺɱҲҵʿȻͨɱ֮սȴߡ
ڲǰʾ֮£Ⱥɱ̡ǱѾʧȥá֮ԻܶԳī˺ΪޱȾԼȲµķ
ۣ
꣡
һɱ֣絶棬ԭҪ̽ī嵱Уڴ̽ī󱳵һ˲䣬˲ɴݵ赲ֱӱţһĹ
ɱ̫ȫһ棬ԣ׵ıˡ
Ĺͷָǵƹǡ̼ȫ۶ϣ
ʮָģʿ˵ͬҲˡ
ɱַһѹʹһŤޱȡ
ī۵⣬ݺһɱֵؿڴ
ۣ
ɱֵһѪ
꣡
ؿֱȥعȫѣ࣬īһֱӻ飡
ϣ
һɱ֣һѷޱȵذףݺݴڳī¡Ȼһ֮Ҳһû̽ȥ
ī־һ
ֱӴɱֵüϣ
ɱֵüıڷ
˻
īȺ˷ʱ䡣
˵ҪǸʱ䵽ˮңҪǸʱ䡣
ˣҪá


1257 ˭ɱ֣
۸ҲСȺɱ̫Ѳˣûһ־ǳˣȫֻϹ֣һ֪ɱˣɱḻĵزǵսȻûгīǿ󣬵սľ飬ȴѷɫī
Ҫǣǲ
˸еε顣
һȺɱ֣ȥҪҲҪһ˿ڡ˿жֻǻһƤҲǳɹˣ
־սɵѹҲͿ֪ˡ
Ҳǳī澳֮壬ȻĻıǸ
˿̣īϵҲᡣ˿ڴʹ·ڲϵѳīܵκʱҲҪСӢۣ
ܹ׼־Ĵܴܣ׵ɱһȺ硢ɱ֡
īܵģȺɱִѹⲻ֪Էġȴľ
һȺѪħƵüʿҪɱûа취ɹΪǵԪѾѪħˡˣħУū
ǶѪħѪūûκɣɶûУ
ԣѪħÿһָǶ뾡ľȥɣиͻᱻѪħͷ֮ࡣ
֮ǰ·ϣЩȥɱīˣڱѰī޹֮󣬼ȫ·ϣûһ˳
Ϊǻһ··ԣѪħǵƿ첻ȥֻҪǲûԵͻƵĻǾͿԻ
ԣԲУþ䣬Ŀľ·ϡ
ٲֱŽЩˣһ·û죬ȫڸط
ѪħĲпͲ̣һȫû취ġУѪūһȺʱĶǶ㲻ϡ
Ⱥ˼ī֮󣬶ԳīչֹȫƴĴ򷨡
īͷŻ¯֮īסطֺ
īֳ߱죬̧־һնһӱȻӽɱ֡
һ貵ĵ⡣
һɱͷ­𣬵Ȼ¶һ˿֮ɫ
īתַһʿ
飡
һâڳīըըѪģ
īüͷ΢΢һ壬漴һȫûвҲû˵ĵطһ˹ȥ
ţһӰʮǱĴһֱ۱ȥ
һɱ֣ҲסīⷨĹؼ֮һ
ⷨԳīԳīҪȥҲҪɱַЩˡ
¡
âγɵĹȻ䱬һĿĹââҫϹ
âҫϹۣҫ˵ʶ
âһӾʶһУֱä
Щɱ׼ڹâҫ֮ǰȫʶ
īоǰһ˲üž·磬ʧȥ
һ˲䣬īУһϽɫѪҺҫһ¡
ܿ죬ʶֱӻظ
ͬʱ¯дµĻ֮Ҳס˾Ĺâ
ī΢΢һݣøƣˣҪˣ
īûбƵɶԷ֪
¾ĸɱֱ֣ĸ򣬳īҪչɱ
һ죬һ죬۷壡
ȺɱУΪǿһʣʮɱ֣ӹλáȫ߶ŴУ
ⷨ󣬾Ȼǿʱߣ
ī侲վ䣬٣ڼϣѪʢ¶ֳ߱죬ͷŴ֮Ļ¯һɱģ
ƫƫӣɱֵУȫ¶ϲ֮ɫ
˵ˣ
С侲̶ˣȻװһʲô鶼ûеƭǡΣɣ
ϻ˵ɱ쾳ĵȫ֦ʲô飬ҲҪɱī˵
䣡
䣡
䣡
䣡
ĵֱĸͬķ򣬺ݺݺī
ⲻǷǵ
ÿһԺһСһǳ
߽׵֣ͬһȫӦΣʿһΣɣ
ɱҲôģǷ·𿴼˳īĳȫ¶˿ĵЦݡ㡭ˣ
ǺĵطƬնֱӱˡķӿȣͬһ㡣
ÿһ˻ӵпֲܣһǣһ˻ܽ飡
ǣīȴˣ
ȫûгֳīķȻĳëǶûţ
߽׵ϵЦݣ˲佩ϣͬЩڿƷɱǣҲȫĿɿڴ
Сģ
ʱһΧɱ֣ͻȻ䷢һ̶ľ
飡
쾳ɱȻоһɼǿɱֶ֡ԵоͬһӰವһ£˲Ƴǧ֮⡣
˵У־ٶ͵˶Էĵ¡
꣡
īһ񵶷ֱӽ쾳ĵ롣
Ȼ󣬻ԡѪĳīٶʧһ顣ʱĳīѾ
ʱȺɱ֡һɱ֣
ң£


1258 ˣ
û֪īôģû֪ΪʲôīûУ
Щɱ֣˿ȫ׵ëˣ
ɱīЩ˼ȫоľ
־ȱѪħסҪǿң
ôܣ
޷ţҲ޷ܣôܹǿز⻹𣿾ѪħһͷҪȥҲҪһɣ
ѵ꣬Ѫħ滹Ҫɣ
īܹ֮ǲµ󣬾Ϊ˺һ
һ˲䣬Щٿطɱǣȫóīˣûѡԣһɲǣ񡣹ؼ뿴īĳ
īǳᣬֱԶǧȻ󹵶ķˮƣ쾳ɱǿҵĴ
һУ˵򵥣ʵȴҪ൱Ӻܵļ㣬Ӵļ㣬һ߽׵Ҳδô̵ʱڷӦ
ԣνսǿᣬʵûʲôҵĳɷ֡
īǿԭģ
ǸĳīȺʧȥǱƵɱ֣ûʲôˡ
īһԲֱӴɱ䡣ɱ󣬻ʣһ쾳ɱ֣޾壬ЦſųīСǿϵǿ󣬵޵еģǾʹشˡѪħսͳ磡
īĿ쾳ɱ֣ȻһüңȻͷĻ¯˲ŴһɽѹƬϷ
ʲôڿԸ˵ˡī˵
̫ΪˣСûʲô˵ģ֪ԼĶ֣ɣɱң쾳ʿһĴЦ
Ѿ׷ӡͬ·һ㡣һѪħڹ꣬᲻ӦīͬһСħȻԡѪȴںЦŵˡ
쾳ʿ΢΢һŤϣһĨԥ
֪ȺˣȫǱѪħ泹׿סһȺˡ˵ȻˣȴҲһȺˡī˵ƿأҾıģҲŹģʲô㾡˵ڡѪħ棬Ǳɱġ
ī⻰Щֵ֣ǣˣȴˣ
ΪֻЩˣסҲŹġ仰ζŶԷǣ
īī֣ѪħܸӦģһѪħͨǵʶûܹɱīûĻʱ򣬲ĩա
ѪħīҪôīҪô
ûеֽ
ԣī˵ҲŹģڸ˱֤ѪħĥɱɶûеĿһʹ죡
֪ʲôʿЩĿųīѪħĿУ̫ˣǵĸоѪħ޵еĴڣ
֪һǲѪħǡīʵ
˶ʱ΢΢һΪīʵǻж׼ڰаɱأû뵽īȴʳһţ༰⡣
⣬ȴ硭н磬ޱȹĵһ⣡
һ󵽵Ķ˶֪
ī˼һ󡭡ƺѪħǣ
쾳ĵͬҲһãȻĿųīü⣬Ĳ֪ӦǱѪħѪūûʸ֪顣
īͷãһ⣬Ѫħϳģ
쾳ĵʱһЦĿųī˵Ҳ֪᲻Ե̫û˵㣿
īգգۣ˵ȷô꣬ѵǴûռѪħϢѵǾûгһտԷ
ռϢ˽ÿ˶ΪǿܻõõġźǣѪħ̫ƻˡ˵ţͣһ£ȻûκθоѾ˳׷ӡˡҲоޱ𺳣Ѫħ桭ǿһ޽ӽڵĴܡ˾ȻѪħĸ֪ϵ̫ǿˣ
һȻͻȻҧгݣָصĿѪħһʱ䣬쾳ɱһ㣬һ統·ϵĲͬ
ô꣬ɵһ£ʹһˣһĶħħЩħҪ쾳ĵɱ˵ţȻųīһϵ˵ûҿԺܿ϶Ļش㣬ûУһ㶼ûУûУеѪūû붼룡Ҳܷ㲻֪ѪħǸֲˡ
ǣƾѪħ˽⣬һ󣬻᲻īʵ
˵׼ֻܲ²⣬ܡ˰죬Ȼ˵ϳ϶򣬾ңԶĵطˣϣвٵѪūм֪塢ɵĸ߲㣬ѪūȻЩصĺҶ֪
˵ţֱӶԳī˵˼ĳֵʱ򣬳ī˰Σˣˣ


1259 ʲô
쾳ɱֿЦ֮ҷƭ㣬ʵҶѪħʹޣˣڵ־磬ҲһڻҵһԣҵĻʵʵֻҪǸˣԼһۣĹ۲һµĻʲôˡƭ㡣
īͷһ⡣
˵ͷһ̹ȻĿųī
ؼҵλ棬֪ɣǴħǸīʵ
쾳ɱ΢΢һȻͷ֪
Ѫħʶ𣿡īʵ
ֱüͷ૵ƺƺţеӡأ˵ӦòʶŶԣؼ棬˵һԪǰĴӡ˯ʮ꣬ˡִڣн磬µеΪˣͶ֪Ѫħ棬ӦʶġϾ˫ͬһʱ£еӡ󡣡
ż롣īɨһͷĻ¯˵
˵Ųʵϣ¯ƬصķѾ쵽ٽˡºҪīĺ֪Ϊһ֤ʵ˫ʶģôͲӡ֤һˣ
쾳ĵɱüͷ˼ãȻһˣʶ
īʱâĿƵĿˡ
쾳ĵɱ˵꣬Ѫħ滹ûд뿪֮ʱ˵һΣ˵ؼλҲ·ʱѪħҲֻ˵ôһ仰û˵ʲôʱǶ⣬ѪħǾ仰Ժôһѣؼħ鴫ˡѪħ϶ʶλؼģȻĻλҷӡѪħô֪飿ħ˸ѪħģҲ˵֮䣬Ǵĳϵġ
쾳ĵɱҲǰ׳գ˵˵ţȻһȻĿī˼ǡؼλ棬ʧʵȥѪħˣĿģҪܲѪħϳ󣿡
īĵɱ֣΢΢˵ͷ

³棬Ҫֹɱֳһ˵ȻѾѪūұϾ׻ƴȻһˣͲһѪū
ԽԽͣʱȻ̧ͷųīһشľ˵֪һˣ϶֪ѪħϳʲôطˣδػѪħ档
˭īŶԷʵ
ӡ쾳ĵ˵ںȣҲʲôˣϣ㲻Ҫ˺
һĨᣬīͷ˵İɣһ˳Ȼ˺Ҳףһ׻ƴ˵ζʲô
ףҲ⡣쾳ɱ̾˿Ȼ˵϶Ķ֣ҪСģöı죬£
öīüǵ壿
ɱֵ˵ͷǵ塣
īһ뵽ԼոսʱӺͲʵӣѾܾöûǵϢˡǵľ磬ڲӦöڴ޽ɵڰɣ
뵽⣬īȻλðĸоҡҡͷЦһ£Ȼջ׿̧ͷһۻ¯
쾳ɱֺܴʱ˰ɣ
㻹ʲôҪһīһСᡣ
ǺǣˣһմѪȣҹλأ֮ߣһ£ϣгһգܱɱһԵܣÿÿŽң˵ҿһֱԪսᣬȻޡ̫࣬վҪġӣ㶯ְɣڳһ˵ĵ£Ҳ쾳ɱֵ˵
īͷŶԷһȭȻ󡭡һĨ貵⣬նüġâֱû뵽塣ȥƺ
쾳ĵ͵һȻȫʬллվˣѪ
ͨ
ɽϵȥ
īһ㣬ֹסΣȻ䵽ɽ
õôϢǱɡ
īɽֱӾһ޴ӣ쾳ĵ
ȻԴֱӷӡطһ̾īˮҵķֱӷ˹ȥ

ˮҡ
ʱˮң£˶Σڵȴ
ڲǰδе֡
һЩˮұȽϽЩеĸ߲ҲȫԸָĽڣŲߡʵҲŽڵģɴʲôҲ˵ˡҶǶھӣܲ˼Ҹϳȥɣ
Щ˵⣬ˮ֪īģ
ǣˮڲö߲ȫձԽ࣬Խ˵īһҪ˻ġˮңɾĳ׶һˡԺʲôнЩѣؼǣīҪôһԺôԳҰ
Ͼˮǳһʵӵ
ǺˮҸ߲Щ˸߲һǵ״̬£ˣ糿ȵϡϣеȵҹ
ˮҵƻͨޱȡ
Ǹ˵˽Ҫˣȴһֱû
ۿһҪ׹ȥˣ˵ȫһдġ¡֡
ôΣǸһ뢣ȴٳٲ¶档
ʲô


1260 
ˮ갲һſ˵ˮҳϣĵģž޴ѹȻԳīԹģȴޱȵʹ޽¸ͱŰϵˮӵܣ涼ˣ½֮һҪһԺûӰ飬˭ҪǸٺ˵ֱط
ʱ˿̣ˮЩҲȻû뵽᲻˽ɱī˵ҲֲЩˣī̫ʢһٴļ̫ԡ˭ʱԳīأ
ˮһֱֵúܵԼķ͵ųīһԶŵˡֻҪ˵Ҫһ
֮£ˮŰ壬ĿŰϣ廨ţϢǳḻƽϾʱۣ͵ǷˡǾϸѰңҵܶõϢ
ˮϲŰҸϢҲóϢĶ
ŰУڳīĻ⣬ȻŵģÿһڳīϢ涼дڻظ˵ʲôĶС
ſţˮĿһ£ڵһվɫЩ԰׵ȥ
Ӻլǰֻһ˲䣬ڼʹ÷ȥģʵһּɻ䣬ᱻ˵ءոճΪˮҵγϡ˿̣ѾЩ˲ˡ
ˮһ֣ʱ궯Щﲻߵġھӡǣ뿴īҲ뿴ˮ뿴λˮҹī֮İ鵽ôģ
ǽһ𣬽нһʢ£
ˮߵˣҲȫˮ˵ѵīҪ𣿵ϵˮ
ܶţˮĿ⣬Щ
ˮȴǱߣ˸ĿӶе䡣һЩле㲻̫
ϡˮһһ
ϡ΢΢һôˣ
˭ȻˮѾˮҵĳϣݵλƽΪЩϼˮֱϵһʱģе㲻Ӧ
ˮ񣬵죬רŸˮҵ鱨Ϣһ顣
ˮһȻʵϽûеõɽǸһЩ⶯򣿡
ɽ⶯򣿡ˮһˣЩ飬ֻû뵽ˮôһʣҲüͷ˲̲סǸطѹʺ
ˮüһϡ
ϣ𼱣һ¡˵ţֱӿ˴ʯͳʵɽ򣬽û쳣
ᣬˮҵĳϺͼˮ갲ҲȫЩ˼侲
һüʱӦòǸӣҳīְɣ
һҡҡͷֿܣǵΣʲôҵģн粻Ȼر࣬Ҳ١
֮ǰ·ϣ˽ɱīɣһȺɱ֣гϽӹ
£һЩֵܹЩ߲㣬Ҳȫ̲ס
ʱϵĴʯУظٴżֻ֣̿ϡǱߣȷж

ԭȽϳӵǰ˲һƬš
ģԭˮҵĸ߲㡢ܱЩ塢ɵļţϣˮһĵճӵܺЩ塢͵ϱϱһһ𣬴Ҷء
Գīĳٳٲܶж΢ʣȻ뢣ӣҲʵ̫һ㡣
ڴ˿̣Щȫ
˵ˣûһǱһ仰ܷܶϢ
˵ϣȫ¶֮ɫɽǱߡɲһԶƾǵûмʱˡȫԸ£ƴ·ǵҲǳ
ƽҲ˻ȥǱߣǱߵ˽ȴ١
Ŵʯ·ޱȣɫʮѿȻûǱ˵ʲôֱӹص˴ʯ
ԭΪīˣܻˮҶһ˿̳ī˻ûˮҵѾˡ
ܼ鱨Ϣ飬ɽǱж˾ȻûֱǷͰˮŭɶͬʱѾµӦþΪԽīҪϢŰϣ˵˵Ĺע̫ˣ
ͷһҪ٣ϵ£һְˣҪϳͣҲǺˣ֮ҪϽµáҪҵī
ˮһˮˡ
ʱͻȻһ󾪺
иˣǰĹ㳡Ͼۼš
ǰЩˣԼͬվȻȥ
˶ʱ򣬿ǰƻͨĹ㳡ϣһڷ٣Ѫһµ꣬ݵĻ
ǰȺˣԶԶıȭ֣Ǹλˡ
ʱˮҼʱɳ©һ˿ϸɳ
һ죬ȥˣ


1261 ˮ
īΪ壬οȥЩݡϵǹȴˣȫ鲻ԽҪĤݵĸоݵӰУرߴĸо
ûй⣬ȴƺɢһĹ⻷
һֵ
һֻڳīԼĵ
ˮīɵ΢΢һԸоīϷǿҵı仯
Ȼ̥һ㣡
仯ʵ̫ˣ
ˮۿҲЩʪѰ˿īʲôѪӯͦأˮȴԸоīŵݵһּȵƣ
ž콾ķˣȴûչֹ
ʲôñ˿
ˮһڳϺЩ塢ɵļſˣֱ̫ҫˣ
Ӣˡˣ˽⣬ҲøУҲηҲʶġеϲ
ˮǳȺˣ͵͵ųī۲ת֮䣬һ˿İĽЩĽĿһ̨ϵˮ죬ȻĵģŲŲ˵ı뱻˷Լ˼
ˮ갲īûдǵţӭ˹ȻЦϷˮ갲ˮҵļҲĸסӹȻһ˲ţ
ˮ갲˵仰֮нŵĺܣΪĺ³īʱͻȻһ䣺ˮҪ
ǾĻˣ
ЩˮҵĳϣҲȫһŵĿųī
Щ塢ɵĸ߲ǣЩֵĿˮȺ߲Уڽʲô
īˮҵŮ
Ůô㣬˼ǰҲҪһɣʲôýŵģ
īˮ갲һȭʩһڣīˮˣôҾõȣǹⲻȥ

һ仰ˮ갲д󶨣һЦˣߵīǰ˫ַīȻһοĵֶҪôˣ
һԵЩ塢ɵļȫ氵Ʋ죬еĸоתһ룺ǻˮ갲»ˮ갲ֵøȰɣϾɲһѰ˰һ˵ŮҫĸоĵĻϲЦ˵ǰλɲʲôܱȵġеЩϱмģеһҫ۵ǣȽȽ֣Ѿڲ֮ϣһǣ
һ뢣
ˮЩǵϣҲȫ¶ĵЦݡһ𣬽īӭǰС
㳡ϵЩûʸǰǣȫһηĿǵԴݵӰһ̣֪ж˱аģһҪŬī롣
֮ˮ갲ǸīЩĿˣˮֵĹȻȲˣЩ塢ɵļţҲǷ֮ҲС֡
޽磬ܹСŵģѾ˲ˡ
īҲûκμӣЦݵĸЩǼ񣬺ѡ
ǫѷҲΪӮȺ˵һ͡Щʱ򣬻ȡ˵ĺøУʵѡҲǰģ˼ҵۡ
īȻ߱Щ۵ʸ񣬶һ̫ˣ
̶Ѿһûж˿õġƧСʿɳΪϿɵ뢣
ת䣬Щ˻һʱӦ֮󣬳īֻҪ΢ǫѷһ㣬оɡ
⣬һϿɡ
ˮ갲ָīԼЩϡܵˮʱˮ갲ЦŵҵŮҲˮ½᳤ϣ֮䡭ͲҶʲôˡ
īЦųˮһȭϡ
ˮһۣ۲ת䣬ģȴһֺǿҵĸм
īģѾˣˮңܹӣˮǳж
˷ֱʼиϡζ
˲ȰƣʱȴҲûɽǱߵĶˡΨˮȻЩӳīϣûпκε쳣
һ磬
Ҫʱˮ갲һԼŮһ˵ֶ;Ͷ٣ӦҲˣСŮȥֶϢɡ
ȫЦĿˮǵȻˮ갲ôŵĺ塣
ˮҲӳ󷽵վԳīȻһЦ߰ɣӡ
ī˸Ȼˮһͬȥ
˻û߳ţһ͵͵ڳЩ˶ʲôģٵͣǧ˵ô
ϸɲŮòֱ֮ϰ
ǰǰˮд˵治֪жذɣ
һģûˮ𣿡
߳ȥˮĿһ۳īǸмīһЦȻ΢΢һ٣ü
ôˣˮһʵ
û¡īڰ֣ʾˮ·
һ·ˣˣȫ񡣻һЩˮҵӵܣһηĿųīȳīʧУȻվ
ˮҲûм׷ʣųī߹հ˹գһʮľıԺ￴ЩƫȴãҲǳ㡣
Ժ̨ͤˮ鿣ֲŸĻݣȥþ£ȴȻԾͦΡ
ˡˮ˵ţȻųīԺһЩѾ˴֮ˮֱӼļķȫӡ
ī΢Цſˮʲôôš
ˮһ۵Ŀųīˣ
īû˵ͷɽ˵һ飬ȻҵƲأЩӾͺˡֻҴӦ쵽ˣ̫ʧˣ
㲻ҪġˮҪԼƽһ㣬ԼƽһЩóīԼеۣΪѡ˵Ѿ뢣ˣʵҲûʲôģôƴ·ϵĲأ
أӦ֪ҵʺ⣬ƻָ÷ǳ졣īЦ˵ʲô뢣ﵣ
ⲻʵˮ˵ţȻ濴ųīԳīʩһ
ǸʲôīЩֵĿˮ
ˮ˵ǼµǸǽϢŰϷȥҲΣˡ
īڰ֣ûҪǸʵⲻһ£ȻĻЩʼղڰҲвðͷ˳һˡһء
ѽˮЩε̾˿ĵôøʲôΪʲôҪƽ⡣һ䶼ûᣬѵˮͿ㲻ԸʧԼǲѿˮѿֲҡȴΪô࣬ǡˣ
ˮָī˵˼仰֮󣬾͸ȥˡī˵ûʲôˮɲšӣӲء
ȻˮǰŸһߣīǱ߾ʼ˹ָơ
ɽһս˵ȷأǣ֮ǰ˸ûã
ǿɵĵˣ
ƮŮۣ綼Ѿˣ
ǿᣬʿ˵һجΡ


1262 
ڶһ磬ˮ̽īѾˮʵôˣ
ġ
ˮһ۳īѰɣ
Ȼī
ǣôˣˮһ飬һ˫ӣעųī
īЩ飬ȻЦʵҲûʲôˡ
ôˣˮʣ촽һǿ
֮ǰؼǼ飬ƱȽأΪҲҪٵ󣬻ҪһͬؼϵȺĨī˵
ĺãȺˣɱȻĻ飬Ƕˮ˵
ؼյز֣ڵʱûȫգչֳѾ൱¡Ϣ˾ģī̾һǣҵʱӦþˡ
ˮգգۣﷺˮգȥȻ˵̫³çˣ飬ôһ
ʱҲĻ֮ûлˡīЦ
ˮĬȻؼȫ֮󣬻˭ȥؼƵ󣿿һͷɱһȺ
⣬ˮȻоǳ۳īֵôԣʵȻأ
ȻҾ˰īȻ˵
ˮһЦһ۳ī
ī˵ѵǵ㲻֪ʱزֵķӦֱҪˡȻְһ˺ܾãҵҡ
ҵˣˮʱЩַīĳǰȻǶһ١
ţҵˣҳָɴ䣬ҪҡҵĵˣҪôġīЦΣͷƮŮһ
ƮŮۣˮʱһ𾪣ȻЩ˼Ŀųīţ
ӦǷīû˵̫ϸ¹ֲ㼶ĴڣҲ͸¶̫ණ
ǷҲֲܿˡˮ̾Ȼųīǣǽأ
ƮŮۣʷǿʿֱֵزϹı𣬹زһٸغ϶ͦȥī˵
ˮһ𺳵Ŀųī֪˵ʲôźáã૵أ
û꣬Ҿˡīʵʵ˵
ˮǳ˳飬ЩĿųīȻͷҲԣܻʲôŮ۵ķǿҲǱ֧ŵʱ޵ġ
īͷ
ȻҪˮˣˮţ漴Լҡͷԣ㲻ҪˮңӦáиһйصļһ顣һǰһС
īˮЩε˵ôļ޲ȥ
ˣˮʹķһ䣬漴˫糺ĵͷȥ
ī̾Ϣһ⣺˵ĶԣҵȷҪиһйصļһ飬Ŀģ˵
бǸġˮ
Ӧ׵ġī˵
ҶˮͷȻȻһЦҸ˵Ե㣬ȻȥЩɣǶܳأ˵ʲôá
ãīЦ
㣬ʵˮæ˺ܾãġû˵īҲûʡˡˮͺܿġ
󣬳īˮˮҵĹ㳡ϣʱЩܱ߼塢ɵ˼Ѿ뿪ˡʶһ¾ͺˣŲߣԼ˼
㳡ϣۼŴˮҵӵܣīһ϶żɫվڳīߵˮܶˮҵŮӣ¶Ľ֮ɫ
ˮ󷽵˵ǲǶԳӺѾôˣҽʲôɡ˵ţȻһЦһ
㳡ϣһҵȻȵĿ⣬ͶīϡīЩ
̫ˣ
һ˽ֻߵĵط߳꣬һ·ϣ磬ɽ磬磡
ʣΪһ뢡
м䣬һҲûöʱ䣬ǵʱ䣬һ޽һαչصʱ䳤
ôģϣŶٴĹ£
ŰȻиִ˵ǱϾǴԣûеõī׿ڳϵġīվȻģóīὲľǡ
ˮǳվȺУ̨ϵǸӣĺרעƺ˶Էע⣬
ˮɫһ죬ͷȥţӱ㽫ĿƿˮǳЩԼСôͲҸһۣ
ʱ̨ϵĳīڣңǽɡ
ˣ
Ĺ㳡֮ϣʱһƬȻ
ԭļž˲ơ
ȫһ˼ĿǸվ̨ϵꡣ
ǽ˵һܻɱ˲ʸǽϣܸǽˡûмˡ
ǡǳһ˰
ˮӵܽ⡭ѵҪһľѧǲɣ
Ȼ֮ٶȻָˮҵЩӵܣǺʺòġȻϲˣ棬ȴȫκˡ
ӺϹˮ갲īǾ仰ʱ򣬽һ٣϶ʱ¶֮ɫţվûмǰߡ
һЩ˵īˮӵܶϹˮҳϣҲȫͣڼԣҲ֮ɫ׷׿ˮ갲
ˮ갲΢΢ҡҡͷʾ԰ꡣ
ʱ򣬳īûйൢʱ䣬ֱӿڣʼ
һڣˮ갲һˮҵĳϸŹˣ

īȻˮңȻ飡
ңǸе𾪺ģǳīľˮҵ
ȴѾʧ̫ˣ
ˮ갲ڵˣҲֻ֪֪һţĴУˮҲѾϵˣ
⡭ôܣ
īôܻˮҵ
̫˼ˣ
ȫɵһվǣͬˮ갲ϣݺᡣ
㳡ϵЩˮӵܣֱӾ͹ˣ
Ϲˣǳīһڣ㳡ϣǧˮҵճӵܣȫڵء
īûȥֹǴˮ洫Щˮҵݵˣǵڣī
ڹУīõֱ̫֮󣬳īףԭЩеأһս
Щˣү׷ߣ
ȻīΪʲôЩȫ˴УȻЩǵڴеʱҲʲôû˵ǸʱīΪǿõӡǵ˽ʱգīãбҪЩЩĺˣ
Ҫ߷óһؼ壬ҪڰиҪһ㣬ǴЩ棬
޴ˮǰУͬˮ갲ڣеĸ߲У£ȻϤ
ˮǳ˳飬ҲҪ򣬳īͷһۣȻȻ˵ˮ洫һлɣϥɡ


1263 ١
ʱ򣬳īǰеˮ갲˵һл洴л
ˣվųīְһݣϥ¡
īЩεĿһˮ˵£κ˵īˮҵŮڵãˡһݣڳ
ˮĳīգգۡ
ֻ֮˿һĽ
󣬳īʼ
ĺ˼ʱ䡣츳׿ģȻܶ࣬츳ġҲû취
˭ġ
Խ飬κʿ˵һĻԵ
ûԸ
ڼ¼ī˵ÿһ仰
һʱ֮󣬳īֹͣ˼Ͷʱ䡣
ᣬˮ߸߲ӦĶ
һΣˮˮûٷκδֱӿˮҵķȻ˭ҪٸҾº˵˵˵ȥ塣
Ϣһʱ֮󣬳ī
һʱϢһʱīһˮҹ
еˮʿϵ£ȫкܶණǶû˵
ʱǲͻȻһ£īѾ֪ʲôʱ򣬵õˮҵȫУǶҪͳö࣡
ûһ˶Դκ飬㼵ʵ˼
Ҳ˵īԭˮҵžǣ˵īݡκβ˼
ǳһΨһ̳ˣλػ׻ƴΰ˵ӣ
¡¡ˮ
īؼؼֱ˸е졣
ʱûīʵ磬ֻһɶѡ
һɣˮȫ𴫳Уôһ㣿̶ֳܹȵġҲΨд˵еԽſ԰
ʱˮҵˣѾ£ͬˮڣѾ˳īС
ˮ·ͻƣȵӡýλᣬīľ໥ӡ֤ջһ
֮󣬳īˮأѻȸˣȫûһ˷
īųʶɨһˮҵķ󣬰ԵͷּķֻҪ٣Ͳκܹ
ǣƮȻȥ
ȵˮߵһ˴ʱʱѾȥ죡
һˣˮǳ
ŮˮŲѷɫˮ츳º֪ˮǳĻԵˮ̫Զˡֻ֪ˮȴʶˮǳ
һΣˮǳڵõҪһλԵһεУջ޴Ը⣬ڡͿ׼ֱӶɽˣ
٣
·֮ϣûջ
ԣĵһʱ䣬ȥѰҳīӰû뷨ֻúøлһȻһ
ֻʣһϥˮīӰȻ
ʱĳīëҵ֪ëҵƾȻķԣػὫе֣һһҳȻɱǣ
ī֮һּȻȻɢ֯С
Գ棡
󿰱׼
ӣīʼѰؼҲЩûκֱնɱ
УīҲ飬ؼǿʿչ׼־Ĵܣ
īͦˣȻԡѪһ䣬գɱؼҵ׼𾳽ܡ
ʱ˿̣ĵøӾˣ
֪ǲǴˮҽԵʣЩ⣬һµ̨ס
ȻĻûƴؼҵ׼
һգīһһؼ壬١ҡ
١ͬһϵļ壬ˮһһԪǰǳս֮١ʧȥǵ棬Ȼ壬Ϳʼûˡ
ʮ١ңȥѾЩưܣյĹâ
壬Ҳֻʣ˼ʮˡеճһˡ
һ壬ڳһص˳ɽ֮󣬻ѡ˵һʱվӦȻɳнеļʮʿȥѰؼˡ
һѪսʮĴУֻ˸
Űϣ١ȻǿӲʣһҲͷΪǳһˣ
īܴԣݷóһؼĵڶվ١ҡ
ĵ١£ֱóϻ̳Ͽ֡ϲݡ
Һܲǳī١˵˵ĵһ仰ҲǣΪңΪн磬̫࣡ԸԺһЩ
īûжѣֱӼ¯߱죬ϵķռƷ쾧ʯ»ָ
Ż⣬١Ͽա
īֹķˮƣֱӲһֲķ
˵ǵ׼ˣǸҴҲ޹顣
󣬳īʼķǳ棬Ҳϸģ١ӵʵĻᣡˮңûйġ
Ϊ١ڵ״ʵ̫ˣ
Ҫֶϲˣ
ĴУʣ޼ɵкܶ࣬Ҳû츳ǵԴǳѷ١Ȼû˵īȴóռĽϣһ㶼ḻԭӦǵһƬأģīʱ򣬾ѾƬأΪ١ҵġٵʱȴĴʿһĿ
īʲôûʣ١ңͿʼ
ԣ£ܾǿʿ壬»һ˥ȥ
Ȼˣ١˵ĹͷôӲؼȻȻվֱӲƾѪԣҲóī𾴣Ϊ顣
ī١ңգ
˵죬ķ󣬱˴
쾳ĴУһͷ뵽С˷һʱ䣬ӿֱӽ쾳Ĵнɱ档
һ£ֱͱѡ
ʿֱӰΧƬط
ŭ춯أס
зĸ裬١ߵ˿¶ᱻоѹ
зĸ裬ЩˣҲѾ޼ɵɱˡ
īһĨվȻһ˷ıԵĿЩˡ
Ȼ󣬳īȻЩ˵ķװֺϤĸо
΢΢üûǱ߳һλ쾳ʿһɱڵīȻ´һ۳īСӣ١ҵˣ
ΣǣΣī֮߳ʱѾʩչٱıԼòͬʱԼ¶
ʱһ۷ʿֱӳ̧־һƣīģһû䵽˵ļ壬Ҳǰţ
飡
ɾʿķѣѪĲбɵӾϵĳޱȵǿң
Ǳеʿȫֱɵסˣ
ؾĴУҲɵˣ
ţ쾳ĴУһֱӼһ֮ݺնī
飡
쾳ĴУ۷徳ʿһģһķѣֱӱա
ѪޣĿġ
һʱ䣬һƬš
˵ȫ޾־Ĺâ


1264 ҲŹ
⵽Ǹʲôˣ١ҡʲôʱһµǿߣ˾Ӧ١ҵˣֻһɡȻܺ
һʱ䣬ͷ˳ȺԳ˵ͷͬʱҲһɹɵĺðȺٶȿīĿУη塣
ֻһЩˣīĿûη壬ֻЩɵģɻĿ⡣
ֱӺɱ쾳ʿǵҲף̫īɡûһ£ͨ粻͵ʿ
ô˵˭
ôīһĨζ
ʣµЩˣȺУһ쾳ĵһ쾳ĵԼĸ쾳ĵʣЩһ㶼쾳ĵԼһЩʿ
֮ǰʧ쾳ĵȺ˵ۺʵ˵ϺǿκһĴ壬һȺˣСġΪһԸκһɾ޴˺
һȺˣڵĳһѾʮǵĹϼ壬ʲôô
Ȼǲܵģ
ѾǿռԭӦ١ҵĽ㲻Ҫ١˿ڣѾ粻һĳīǿ١ļӦռжٽһѾЩǵļ壬ǵĵв࣬ҲӦֻôһ㽮
ֱ۸һˣ
ƫƫһ壬Σ֮ʣڴǴǰȻֳޱǿӲ̬ȣǵĹͷȻӲ
ʲô
ˣ
١ҵˣԼϺͽûпλүȥʲôīȴû취޶ԡ
ԾɡīȺˣĮȻ˵ͷһȥָ˵
СʲôһĴŭƾҲҸҽа壿ҿǻˣ١ǰɣǾͳȫ㣡һⷨ١ң
ֱ̫ЦˣҴСЦЦһĴЦ
ԾСҿ仰͸һ㡣Ծɣ˷Ĵ俪ڡ
ĴһĮĿųīСӣ˵Ŀܴ󣬸ոѾɱ쾳ĵֲ׵ɱˡΪܹ𣿸Ҳұݣ
ҵݣûʸ֪īһۣþ쾳ĵվ綥Ĵڣ˵Ĺĺˬ𣿡
ʲôˣ֪٣Ĵ˵
١ңǳһ֮ǰΪͶħؼңʧأô˵ʹԼ𣿡ī˵еĻѾ׼𡣵ҪΪ١˵乫
һǡһѾ˵ļѣһȺˣΪĿԻָٹˣЦģ⻰Цн磬ȻҪĴȥǻȥ쾳ĵһ
Ϊо꣬ƺЩʾĸоԷҲǲ֪ңҶңҲΪɵ
ֱӰٵʲôԼôˣѵܳԿɣ
ˡī˵ֱ꣬Ӿͳˡ
ͻȻһ֣һǿķ˳ųīֱӷһ쾳Ĵֱץ
һ£š˲ӣȻʬֱȥ
ٶʵ̫ˣ쾳ĵжȫû뵽īĶȻ쵽̶ֳȡҪѾˡ
Ҳȫŭųī
ͬʱЩոջر³īҵǣȫðĺ
һɾʿ׵Ļɱ쾳ĵ˵ʲô
ܶ˵Уһ˲䣬뵽һˣ
߽׵໥һۣɲǼ䣬һ
ɱ
쾳ĵֱӼɱУΪѾµ١ҳ˭ԣ֦ڣֻҪʱ䣬ս
ɱУеһ֣ͬҲܾ޴һ֮£Ȼһǳᱻֱӻ飡
Ĺֱʯ쾪
ǿնֱӱ˲̮һӱӿΣա
쾳ĵˣҲȫֱʩչɱСǵ˼ࡣ
֮ǰԳīӣڲµī֮ǿļɵ
ǳīĻǽЩˣпܶҪط
һɱ綼Ͽɵ뢰
䣡
ī̧־һֱӸ쾳еԺһ
һƬգ˲䱻
ţ쾳ҵڿѪɫ԰ףͷҪߡ
ʹ򲻹
īʵսֱе
ھĵУ㲻ǿǸҲġԳīɣ˾Ȼκ˼
ī뿪߱죬ݺһնȥ
꣡
쾳ĵѾӳʮȫʧУȴȻ߱նһĨ⣬ֱб롣
䣡
ˣ
ˣ
ţ˾˭
ɾʿڽҪˣ˵ǿҵĿǻ
ǳīһ쾳Ҵͬһı飬˵
ǳī
ǳī
ʿԭѾˣ˳׵ľ
˭û뵽òƽ꣬Ȼǳī١Ѿ˵ļʲô԰Ϊʲô
ӣīɱ¾ڼ
һɾĴʿֱӱԼԪҪߡƬأѾī׷ӲѣɣܵȥԪֱӱ飬޾뵽ƬյС
һ쾳ĵоغеľƬأ
١ЩŴʵǲ̫ԶˡȺҵʿɱǵһȫֱںϽƬ֮䡣
һս֮ͽΪһıأ
ߵʿˣ˷ڹͨ壬ϣܹõԮ
ī̫ǿˣȻͬҲˣȺʿȫһѹ̬ƽ
ÿһ̣ҵʿ䡣
ܶʿǰһ̣ͻȻһԭľԭǱѹȫûκΰ취ĸоԭˣ
飡
쾳Ĵֱӱī£ǰһ̣īҲŹ㣡
УԳ棬УҪγǵּȴīһն顣
ҲŹǵġ
ϣ
īһնͷ­߱еɱֱӽԪĥ
嫵ľһ뵽֮䡣
սѾβʼգ١ûа㶯١ҵˣȫ֪淢ʲô
Щûʸ١ǣҲǲңԶĵطһս֪ǵļ壬һͱѪϴ
һҵʿīɱϵľӡƬؼ󣬳ī³һתķое־ٵĻָԼơ
Ȼ̧ͷԶʡ
ǱߣѾдʿ߸ٷͬʱвս
飬Ƭա


1265 Сأ
īǣ˵֮ǰͱСѣǴġ
ƣƺҶѾ㳲ˣīüһֳ߱죬վȾѪǵ˵ġ
սǾսɣ
һ·˽ɱĳīûηսּ׼־ϹīҲ
ʱһǳīľû취ˡ
ȫûκηӶӲѣֻѡġɽҲãҲգ޷Ǿƴ
н磬Ҫֻһ·ӵ˶еɵʵ
ȻĻֻܵһЦ
𣿳ī֪УҲѡ
īһսĿԨsŵ꣬û˵ֻǾĿš
԰·ϵĽܴ죬λ۸ڶޱȽˣڱó˺ܶࡣĺܣǳīĶ֡ǰȡ裬ĪһԾĿš
īҲīȺУûվīЩȣĵѧˣ
ī
һŭȣȺʿдţ߳һλɫˣͷڣлգһޱǿߵīʮɵĵطͣŭųīҸʲôԩ㾹Ȼ˶ĻɱҴʿڼػߵĺ˷緶̫ˣ
Ϻǡ
īһʱˡ
ܵģҪܣ
ҪܵĻõ˵Щϻֱӳ־ˡ
ϵƺ㣬ǿһӸλˡŭ𣬵ϵɱȴԡٿȺˣɱģʮ֮һ
ʿȻһŭȴļɵ֮ɫ
īһ·ɱɲЩ˲ɵȻ޲һ̾ͱж˿飬ֻҪվ⣬׼Ҳúú룬ҪҪ֡
ոձīնɱȺʿҪһʼ֪ݣû˸Ҷ֡
ϸ˵īЩȥʿһѣǸˡ
ʲôԩ𣿹֣īһϵˣվŵģʲôط
΢΢һҵĵ̣
ƨīͻȻָıӣŭõ۷徳ʿҵĸ߲Уߵڰ׺˵˵ʹǰɣ̡ҵģ
ɫǺ죬벻λһ뢾ȻһԲϾˣķȥˣ̫ˣ
һϡߴȺ߳ŭųīָųīҪ˵ʲô
Сģ
һߣȺдһӰ˲䵲ǹϡǰ
ȻΣ˼һŭɫųīīˣ͵Ϯ
īƤ˵ֻһѡ˴ܷڻϰߣϣܹϰˣȻ㵲ţҲ취ɱ
ϡ߱һ亹ľ磬Ӳûоīֲ֣࣬ʵе̫ˡ
һˣȴһ׼𾳽ĴܣȻסһʵϣҲ𺳵֮ǰȻ֪īĺܶսҲ֪ɾſƴ׼ʵٻЩŵġףīиһսʸ
ī׼𣬶ǽĿϵϣʵ˵һΣҵĽ
⡭ǳ˳飬Ȼ˵㲻ҽҲҵģƾʲôɱҴʿ
˭ҵģīʵ
١ҡ˴
١Ҹûϵīɭ䣬ʡޱѿĸо
ʱһҴɣȺдһսϣ߳һߡϵͷüëҪˣУЩΡΡģƺʱܻˤǡ˿Ŷе㵣ġ
߻߹߱ߵˣԸһϢγޡ֮䣬ӦǵˣӦޡ
ʮ桭Żɫ΢΢ü
ҡҡ֣Ǳ߾Ͳ˵ˡ
īû˵ֻǶڿһϢԹϢȻѰϢ
˿ɷƲ߳ųī΢΢һЦ˿ûΪīոնɱһȺŭȥкĹ򣬾˾ˡ
īͷԡ
һ֣еʿǸɫˣȫؾص˵һԡȻȻ˸ŶԳīĸֲȴûһվ˵ʲô
߸īֱ߳ȥ룬һ㶼Զһ޽ɣҲһͷ顣
˵룬Ѿˡ
ֱһ֣һ硣
īʶչ൱̣ʶҪ͸磬Ҳ̫ס
һֳ⣬Ҳһʾ
īЦЦֱӽ¯
䣡
¯ֱӱŲɣϢֱ֮ӽߵĽٴηӡһ䡣
ϢüЩˣȫҪﶥĤݵĳ嶯
âȻЦЦӣֶΡ
ҵСīҲЦЦ
ȻΡΡģЦʮֺλΰ˵ĺˣֵĶӣ
īȻһĨâߣģһ˿
ûмϻֱ˵ϢǹֵġЩ꣬ҲһһֱҪѰĸס
īڳĬ֪ߵĻжٿŶȡ
߽˵˵֮ĶԹȣˮǺӲ£Ҳûй̺ܽúֶƵøĳī˵ҲѾõ㹻Ľѵ
īĵûɱѾòѵʲôн磬ǴáûֻǵҿҺңȴܻ֡
ǿī˼н磬ߣ˺Ầ֮ձɱȺˣǸô˵١վǳһļʵӵҲ׻ƴӢۡЩˣǸ
īߣʵǣǰ֮ǰ֪Щ𣿡
΢΢һ漴ͷ֪һ㣬û⡣Ѿ̫겻ʼ顣
ŶīҲͷˣ֮Ա̬ȣ֮Կʼʼ飬ȫΪڵĶīΪīѾ߱˸̸еʸ
ûʸô֪Σ֪ΣΪҵһĵ棬Ͳʣ
ʵ̫ˣÿ춼ڷ顣ôĳˣʵܲ¡
˵Ҹһ֮䣬ʵûʲôޣ治ɫ˵ţȻ΢Цųīҿ١ӵжĽȻӵж٣Ը࣬ңұ֤ҵԡ
׼𾳽ĴܣԳ棬γ˷ּں֮С
ԣǽһ׮
߿ųīСأ


1266 ھų
īĿ˵ұ֤ħ𣿡
ߵͷ˵ȻĸԹУԽᡣǶڲ顣κιħ˺ͼ壬նк³
ãǣҲԷģǰֻҪ˵Ҹ׵٣ҸҵĶԹʹһʹī˵
Сˬ죡һ
ԳһһҪ˽ö࣬һԳīҲûκƫǳˡ
ȻžѵѪ츳Ҳ˭ܴ˽һ·ɱôͳɳΪһ뢵ġ
ܴѾˣۼ֤̫ҵġɵ콾ܶ˵츳÷ǳĽЩʡ
أôȥˣĽʹЩ콾мܹɳ
Խʱ̤콾ɳĿܾԽ
ǧ궼δһСΣ
Ϊʲô
ԭкܶ࣬ףʵӲһ֡
콾ΪˣٳΪСݵλϵľ޴仯Դݻپų˵ľ־
̤·Ϊ׼ϣҲ΢΢ʮã
£һˣѡ
λ˭ܲһ⡣ԣ̫츳׿ˣ档ԣŶˣܳɳģȴ޼
ǰȻ˵ͬһ㡣
žҲµսľ뢣ЩܶʿϻֵĶϰûгϡһˣѵֵѵֻΪᣬͱҪ
ҵߣпīЩˣԴе⡣
ƾʲôԼôţƾʲôƲī
ɻǶԼҵĺܶˣôġ
ŹˡȻĻţҺܿѡҵĺܶƲ١ңô˵֮ҿ١Ҷ磡
߻̫꣬Ԫã˵ڶԺܶ飬÷ǳͨ͸Ժܶڲˣеƫ˽Щˣǳλ棬ʵ
ֻǣѵơ
ĸף϶ǻϡҪҵҲ̫ס߿ųī˫ķӡȻôķʽ˳īһ
ī֮֮ɫЩ˼Ŀߡ
ĿųīϷܱ֤Щ鶼ġñԪģ
īһߵˣǰ
ǳīһΣǰߣ˵īĻˮɣǰñһ˺ҲͦˬģͻȻò̫ˬԺǵͷϣҾǡ
һĵͷȻųīԥһ£˵㸸ס
Լᴦī˵
ðɡҲй⣬ϢûʲôֹܹīֵġĴҲδľ˳īҳܲ
Ҳܣ
ǰѾкܶӰǲصޡ
ؼҹǿһյ򣡽ʧ
Щ飬Ҫֻ̣͹ˡ
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λүһЩǰйһЩӴţǸǸҫżĳӡ
īʱǲŵģΪǶμ䵱УĸףǿһӢôܻΪһؤģľƹԽܡ
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Ȼī΢΢һȻޱһץסһֻԼڴС֡˵ҵǮڴָ棬ڴʲôûУ߱ͱѧ˼ҵ


1267 ɳн
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Сʱеͷųīǰǣ㲻ɲĵ̣ǵĵ̣ǵǣܣ٣ҲһʿķϣڴҶǵѣԹ԰ϵĴָȻҿԷһ·
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һţȻû׷˵ĵطһóв¶СȻûһܹǱƺҲӦðЩڡԪӤڵʿϹѵ濴СѾͷϵĲ
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СͿѽСȻ˵ǰҾѾԽȥˡûҵĻǶ˵ΡǻþҶ˵ˣÿҡ
˵ţʮ߹Χסǵ˵˵ǰɣţǡôˣ
СӺ֪ڲͻȻ䷢Щ˺ܲԾվһãû˻һʱȥһֵĿųī㣬ʹʲôôᶯˣ㡭㲻ˣ
Ųˣīǳ鴤ţЩεĿСȻ˵㻹м𣿡
ǲģҡҿ㣡Сڷ֣ÿ¡ȻЩƽԳưԵھųǵġʿȫá֮ǰǵСƣ˲ʧӰ١ֻϽطȻԼϴ󱨸档
ѿƵģֺݣһῴôīһۣ㣬벻
㣿СӶԳīǶ񶾵ƽҹڻ͵ŰŶѿˣֺݣ
ǰҿǺġīһָϵȻͣͣ˶վŸոڽеĶǻ˵
Сֱӿˣһ𺳵ĿԵЩȻߵһ̧һȵıδߣΧȦĴóǮַŽԼ·ڴ
īҲĿɿڴۿżСҪȥõڶȥǮ˵Ǯʱֹʲô
ǮСһӦһ۳īôõĻᣬ໮㣬ǿˣ
㡭īȻúͷۣСӡһϰѵС찡˼ҵǮŻȥȻҾͰ㶨һӣ
СӶʱһһֵĿųīīһЩ¡ֻСİǸǮȥȻվһˬ
㿴ҵı죬ȥ͵Ǯī˵ţһ֣˲ܶˡмùģ֮ǰȣͻȻܶˣ˸ͷȫĪΪǱ˸ˡ
Сӿ۷Ź⣬˵ҪѧЩֵˣǶҵǮ


1268 骸
Ҫǳī֪˿̵뷨һᱻ̡ͨѧΪģ
ڼСӻе۶û˵ڡ
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ȥСȻ۷Ź⣬ǹϵľܾˡ
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Ϊʲôͦõġҵļң⣬ĶȥСĿЩ˸Ȼû˵ʵ
ȻԸ⣬Ǿ˰ɡīԭҪǿдʦħʱ룬īǷˡ
磡
һȱŵ磡
СȻ츳׿ӵδǱԳī˵ȴҲǷҪɡ
˵Щ˽һĵӣ츳ܱСӲ٣ǵľȴҪСӷḻ̫ࡣҪǣЩӣŬڷܣ
֪Լ΢ǸŬҪԡ
ҪģīԸȥǿˡһҲϲǿһԣСĲԸߣҲǿʲô
Ե֡ûԵ֣αǿ
ī˵ţֽ⿪Щ𵤡ʿķӡȻȻ뿪
Щ𵤡ʿоԼһΣվ﷢ļСӣһȫЩĪ
һʵ骸磬ʲô飿
һҲüʵոƺ˷骸磿ôû𣿡
СͬһãȻı飬ոǸڱԼܾ֮һӾʧӰԼͬλõĸоҡҡͷû֣е֡ˡ
骸Сĵ㣬ھų棬żҲĴܣǵǡһڵʿżС˵
ţ֪ˣǸϽæȥɡСӰ˰֣Ⱥ˴ˡ棬ȴǲƽһ𣿴ˣЩϧء
뵽ǸıԼ˵ˣҡҡͷЩҡڲüᶨȻĴѰһȦûз쳣ȻĵһС档
ߵСӵһѾʮưܵķݣСߵſˣԥһ£ַ˻ȥߵСмһСƹ档
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ҡСӿһƹ񣺡ԣһչһӵġ
ϾƹҲãȻ֪ͼˡƹһߴһЩп˵
ãҵáС΢΢һЦҲٶʲôֱú˾ƺţ⣬Ƕƾɵķȥ
ƹڱ󿴵Щп̲ס˵˭뵽һ¶ȻܹΪھųǵ죿˲˼顣ϾƹҲĹãСľ骸һΣڿһŴھųǣ˭Ͼƹڹȥܿ򡭡
ƹƹֹûӹѾ߳ͦԶļСӵĶ䣬ϣ¶һĨĳĵҿɲǴϵǴҵĴ
СѾƾɷݵԺſڣһƾ͵դŽеϵڼҲ骶ˣ
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ŮСӱһ䣬ƺһ㶼֣ܿĵģЦеƿõդţȻıʮֻ˽ȥ
Ƶطϵϰң͸ϵھųݻĴˡ
Ҳ֪ϵ浽ʲô֪ϵʲôΪʲôǷϣ
СƵǰ棬ֱƿţȻ΢΢üȱӡһǿҵľ˿ƣС̲ס¶һ˿Цƣϵٺȵġǣϵôȥ뿴ϵǷϵӡ
ϧʲôı䲻ˡ
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СЦŵϵҸ˾ƺţ⡭
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ǵģһСѾͷȴӵĹųУŲС
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СǸ¶֪Լĸĸ˭ǳ԰ټҷģһ㣬ջܵʱ򣬾͸һȺСһСΪ󣬴ܵʱһ˶ע⵽ôһСƨڹؼʱ̣𵽾Եá
ˣ߰ʱѾΪ骸ˡ
ܶҲûһŮӿ
һ쳤꣬һΣ
һȥܲ꣬ԷԼʮ꣬ŻһһǮˡؼ˿ȥİھųǸ룬ȻǸˡ
ھųǵĵ֯ǸԪӤϹֳ֮ǧ˿ƵĹϵȻֱܿڳ֯죬ȴǸԪӤϹֵ׵ܵܣ
һڵʿ
Ǹϴ骣ҲǼСӣǳأĸ
ڷǸĲ֮󣬾Ȼں棬ȻһַǳҩҲǵھųǵ֯ıֱԵꡣڵʱġ
ȻڵʿܵһƫƧĵط׼ϴһա
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굯ָͽڵʿˣҶû¡
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һڵʿȶûüֱӱ˻һҡ
²֪ǵ鷳ֱӿģԷʱŷȻǸŮӡȻǸ겻֪ôģȻһֺݵļСӣһ˿аȤ


1269 Ͼƹ
ССͻ켣о֮䣬ʲôû±ŵòУԷŹԽԷԽȤèϷĸоһ
˶ˣ뵽ɱ
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骼ǵúǸ굱ʱϾƹĳҲܳԾĿϾƹ죬Ȼ˵һȭתߡ
ҲûǸ꣬˺ܾãǸ꣬ȴһֱûٳֹ
һΪϵ飬Ǽ֮ȥϵݷãϵһ٣˵ССͲѧãһᱻ˸ɱˡ
޵骸磬Ǵο޵ĺܲңϵ˵ľȻϵǵУһĨȻϣ˵û뿪ϵӡ
ڶ֮ͷ֣ԼԽ뵽һİȥ
һֱΪһϵǼ顣
ֱԽ뵽Ǹȥ֮骲ſʼΪûָҲڻбֳκ쳣ȥ쾳硣
⣬ʵѾһ˲õˡ
Ǽ֮ûͷĵ֯һʱ䡣мҪǸλϡ˸ѹˡ
֮󣬵֯ͷͳ骡
ʵԼ֮ԼǸλϣΪȱ˺ÿơûʲôûʲôҰġֻܹչ˺ϵԼһڷԾ͹ˡ
ԣʮ骣īĶѿˣʵѾھųǵĴˡ
ǿܣҲ˭ܵġ
骼ֻҪһʱ䣬һ￴ϵȻϵûɫȻܼᶨ
û֪ǰǸ죬ƫƧСǶôĿ־;ϵĳ֣ͬһ⣬ֱ׾ǹ¶骸磬ҲһһĸоϾƹԼĸףϵܹΪŮúչһӡ
ϵҽһˡ˵
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̾һڻ棬ҸҺκ˽ӴھųУ˳ҲûκǿʿǰǴΡ
˵ţ骿ϾƹϵǲһǿߣòãңҲЩǿһԷݵأӵпֲͨ
ʱϾƹȻһ䣺Ȼأ
Ȼ󡭡û뵽ϾƹͻȻӻˣ骶ʱһǻȻ󡭡Ȼ󡭡
ȻһͳھųǵĵʲӿܣѳҲɷԼɴ൱ӴԺ͹ҸֵˣϾƹߴﹾ˵һѡ
Խ˵骵۾ԽԽԽԾ죬Ͼƹϵ
˸һ㶼ȻϾƹڷءϵѵΪʲôҪܱ˵İڲأΪʲôҪ˵Ŀأڡ濴ȥھųǵϴ󣬷ĺܣЩ𵤵ĴʿȥҵСܣʵϣ˭İҷˣһһ骸Ľţʵ棬Ҳ𡣡
ЩĵСҾûе泤󣬳԰ټҷټ£ҴȥЩҵˡΪҼǵǵĶ顣ǸŮӣҲ봩ȹӣҲԼǣЩ֮⣬һܹʲôأҲǸλãһбȥĻָֻǰҲָǰӣҲϵۡǶ֪ǣңҷĵĺܡ
ΪʲôǸߣȥȻܿǸǿ󣬸ߣҲǰ;Ͼƹ˵Ͼƹ˭࿴һۣʲôΣգ
᲻ϵ˵ţȦЩ΢죺֪ϵϲҲ룬ҳȥʲô
ĺܡϾƹ˵ţɨһ骣ȴ˵СѾͷոǷЩҡ
Сûе԰ټҷټ¡ǶӣȻûôңЩľҲ̸졣
뵽⣬Ͼƹ̲ס̾һ骰ڰ֣ҲʲôɷҲʲôϲʲôȥˡ
ϵų֪ϵˡ
߰ɣͷǰˡϾƹĹһ䣬Ȼֱӱ˫ۣ
ǣϵ˵ţϾƹʩһȻȥ
Ժſڣ骶ʱβͱ˵èһֱըëˣŭվԺſڵǸ꣬ĵʲô㣬ҪʲôҾ㡭ҪǸвңңҾ㿴
īһӵĿǰСӣû͵ǵ̸Ҳɺϡ
ڳУֳǰƹݴ̽ЩƹϢھųǵľƹ٣мٸģȴƾСеǸ
ڴ̽ĹУīĵ֪ǸѿƵļСӣȻǵھųǺպġ骸硱ھųǵͷϴ
īϢ֮󣬵һӦǾܡ
һεļСӣôܳΪһȺʿͷϴ
󣬸һЩϢīƶϳѿˣһܴ
Уһƹϰ壬Գīɫ骸ǸˡϾƹ顣
ϾƹʵãһĸؤһϾƹôܾһĴʿ骸ҪôΪϾƹΪɵ٣ǸϾƹסڳĵһլ棬ѽҲû˸Ҷˣ̫ˡ
ΪȻľƹϰ岻ͬī֮޴ܰ˾Ųʮƶϳʱĳ
һϾƹһ˾СŮѵʱͻȻ併ǰȻǸ粻͵ʿֱӱɵˣ˵ֱȥ˵Ǳŵû겻壬Ǹǲǻţһδ֪
ھƹϰĿУ˵ʵķ֣ûɱһѿ˶ѣһСӳ֡
īȴжϳ굱ʱǱˣ
ȻĻһָɱ˵Ĵʿʲôʴ֮һԲϾɱ˵ʿ¼СӺϾƹǳ
īȻ֪Ϊʲôڵʱûеһʱɱ˶ѿ˼СӣǸС֮Ͼƹ𾴣ΪɵͿжϵóڵʱǼΣյģ
ȻĻһ켣ڵ֯Ŷ͵ԣָڵļСӣôܻТģ
ԣһ̣īǸϾƹͲŨҵȤԤУǸϾƹпܾλ˵Ǹˣ


1270 ʧ
ǲĸףīûеסȻڵʱڵھųǼǸƹǳһĳӳ飬ûۼ֮ǰ˭ֱ¶أ
Գī˵ֻ֮һϣҲھųǣеľƹҪһ档
ΪСӵھų̫ˣϾƹסĵطǳô
֮󣬳īȴЩԥˣĺܲƽ
ͼǸˣ¼֮Լʧ
ֻûʧĸоѾ̫ûзϡ
õһդţԳī˵ȴ·һ
ԥʱ򣬶ѿ˼СӴˣһֱըëˡּҵķӦīһ
û㣬ҲǳġīŶѿ˼СӣѵõĽһ䡣
ǸϾƹǲĸף˵ЩСӶһ֪ͼˡ
ϵģ㡭Ҫɱ㣡ѿ˳ŭˣҪǳģôŭˣȻǳϵģҪʲôҪϵ
ѿƵļСӳŭˣĿųīֳֻĿڴѾʼǵˡָΪǿĶҩ֪ͷų
ˣæˣûʲô⡣ȻĻѾ˺üˡī˵ţȻĹ骣˳ű骴򿪵ľդţֱ˽ȥ
㡭վס骳׼ˣǸŭСèųīȥצģһȭīĺ󱳡
С쾳磬ЩڵʿӲһȭҪ۵졣һʯһȭܸ飡
Ҳļˣʹʹȫīĺ󱳡
ңȫûκ顣꣬ĸоʵ̫Σˣ̫£
ˣ˵ʲôҲ˺ϵ
īܹĸܵСӴ˿̵ķŭԽԽ˵Ͼƹĸ飬ǳ֮
ԣīû㡣ɼСƴһȭĺϡ
ĴѨǽڵĴʿҲ޷ܣ
šȻ󣬾ûȻˡ
Ǹ꣬ûһǰȥĹǣǰīðݷá
Сԭһ֮׷ȥһΣУץһޱȷذסڻеõһ˵ǴʿƵķ
Ҫī˳ī˵Ǿ仰
Сӵһ㶣ʶֹͣĹ
ī
üͷôôϤأţԣⲻԼһֱݵǸ
ǳīǸīͬͬգð棿ôǸīĳīôھųֵط
СӵԺУһʱ˴⣬ԼƷ衣
ʱ棬һңԶ㣡
īĬһ£Ȼ˵Ǹҽˡ
˵ţƿţ߽ȥֱϾƹķ䡣
ī۾ֱϾƹϡ΢΢üͷǰˣĴӣյ۾ǳǣͷġݺᡣɢŴ̱ǵľһһϾƹ仭еǸӢ꣬ȫû취صһ
ûκƵĵط
ʱ򣬼СҲīƺȷûҪ˺Ͼƹ˼Ҳƽ˺ܶࡣС켣оԹɫı켫ߣ֮ǰǹҡ侲Ҳое㲻̫һ
ȻؼԭǣԶĶ֣˼ҵľ֪˶ٱһҲҪˡԳƳī
ˣСȻĿųī֣˺ϵҾ͸ƴļơ
ϾƹȻǸӣ˭ģȥҲʶ㣡
īϣ¶ʧ֮ɫʶģòһϾƹʧ
ޡ
ѵľһˣܿܿезһ硣ȾƵһϾƹܲ𣿾ޡīһ
ʼԼǰƶˣһϾƹܾһǿʿܴӶԷоѿһļСӣ
һЩϸڣٴڳīԺзɿӹּһ
СǴ¼УһˣһˣھųǵͷϴҲͷϴ˼СӵĳɹλҲ˵Сӣ鵱еߣ
óʩóԣĺҲ㹻ڡСС;ͳǸ
īȻЩɺƽĲƽϾƹȷ£СԼݵһϷ
ͨ£ɹλˣȻϾƹҲƭ˵һܶѡ
Ϊʲô˽ϾƹΪʲôϾƹôá滹һЩĹ£Щ£īѾûȤ֪ˡ
̾˿Ͼƹ¶һǸı飺ǸˡǮƺȰɡ
ī˵ţֱӴȡһӣ֮ǰǺ«ǿ飬СҲΪӲŶϵû뵽תתӣصСйصС
ī̾˿ѻƽϣȻתšһįˡ
СҪ׷ȥʸ룬ûжüһƽɲһСĿѾһʺˣ
ϾƹһĮĵı飬ǵ۾գû
ϵôãеأˡţ֡СǶϾƹ˵Ҳ
Ͼƹ޶ԣһԲȥûκ쳣
ϵϢãҰƽˣñ͵ˡ˵ţֱӽƽŽ˹档Ȼ룬һɻ߳ȥ
ԽԽ̫ˡϵķӦе̫ˣ
˵һ׷ˣһǿʿҲӦ˵ġ
ԣǵ
骵һĨâ
ϵķӦ̫ˡⷴ顣
ϵһͨķˣ骼ȫȷ
Ȼһ־꣬ȥˡ
˵ǳī
һ磬Ȼ骵Ժը
īǹ¶
ʱϣŰϹĴ˵ֱ
ݵˣǳīԣиīйص飬ȫָơŰ壬ԸµϢҲǳ
īԻ͵ĳһĺˣĸϢһֱһհף
ŰϣҲκθīйصϢ
ôھųǣˡѵĸײɣ
һī֮󣬶ԷַӦƺܡǳīĻ
УұҪҵʸ骵¶֮ɫ漴ʼԼصַϵ
ҪǣȰѳīҳ˵


1271 ·ת
һ棬ǶԼżĺ棻һ棬ȴСһֱͲ²⡣Ǹ˵еĳīϣܸṩһЩ
ΪĽ֣˼Ҹû档ʵϸ룬ҲЩ¡Էֱɲ⣬Ҫɱ̫ˡ
ԣٴǸˡ
һˡԵˣĿ꣬ĺǸԿ۵ˣȴٰػݲκȥ˺㡣
С骵ģʵֻһϾƹīĳߣϵһ֧
ˣһ㣬˹켣ʮĲôһ˲Ľ㡣
骾ҪŪ
ֻʮСѾͷȴѾɣûԼǸˣҲܶñԼпʵƵ骸硱ͬԼ
ϾƹͳīİˣΨܹĹ⡣

ΪھųǵĵͷϴǿܣҪ֪һ˵Ҳѡڳīûпʲô¡
īѰеЩƹ
ڡ骸硱ͻȻԼīֻԥһ£ǽ
ǸСţȻлҪ˵
Ҳ飬飿
ҲǳīûŪһ㣬굽ǲϾƹȻǸСôûŪҲȴīͷһ㻳ɡ
īҲûǸѿ˵Լһ壬ʮܳΪһǵϴˣûô׳ա
ԣˡ
ҵĵطʲô¥һܲ۵СƹݡīʱСƹ棬ֻһˡ
ΪϴȫһСƹݶѡ
ī骳΢΢ͷȻ˵ͦĵġ
˵ɣʲô顣ī骶棬ҲûпͷʲôŻˣֻƽĿСӡ
Ǹī㶮˵˭Ҳûпʲôųī۾ʵ
ʲôϵ𣿡ī骵ʡ
ȻйϵĿųī˵ǸīôھųʲôҶȫȫİ㡣㲻ǵĻǽ̸ҲûбҪˡˬĻԴһ١벻ҪɱҡһֱҲûɱҡ
īͷߣĶСӡ
Ҳֱ̫˰ɣ
骽˵Ǹ˽һʵĳīӣΨһݵˡԣǸˣһġ
īЩεĿ骵£Ҫô֤Լ
򵥣Űҿһۣ֪īһŰ壬ְסӦУΨһһŰˡ˼Ҷ˵Ľ֮ĳصϵ˵
īСӣڵеĻˡ
ֱӴȡһŰ壬Ȼݸ骡
骽ӹ۾ȻɴſƺҪС
骸磬𣿡īѵ
û㡭ǳīץǸŰ壬˵Щ˼û
ҪҲû취֤Ҳ֪ôˡī˵
ңţˣˣ骿ٵ˵ֻζ벻гһգȻܹݵˡ
˵ţ骽Ű廹īȻվĸīʩһ񣺡Ҳ£еӴ˴Ҫһƽϡ
ɡīڰ֣ûСһʶΪҲû񶾵̶ֳȡþֶΣҲΪ˱Ͼƹѡ
ȻĻǸСӣīҲԻݺݽѵһ١
һȷǰ˾ҫ뢣Ȼһֽź;ִٵĸоƺ˵ˡ
ҪϤ˼ˣһᾪ°͡⻹Ǹ˵˻˵ĺֺڵӴ骸磿
˵˵ǸϾƹɡīº͵ĵ
ҡƽ˰֮˵ôӦû²⣬Ǽ»᲻ԼݵϷλ
ûȳīش˵ʵܶˣô²Ͼκ˿ǼĻߣҡ飬˭Ļߣ˭ɡھųǵĳˣҲôġܾãңҲϵղ֮ˡҲΪԭҲһֱϵһͨˡȻĻƾǷĺԲŹϵƾҡǱϵġ
˵ţȻųīһΣЩһΣҵʱ
ԭԭĽľīһ飬ûа©ʱǸʿֻʶʱı飬ǵ
Ǹ˾ǱߵģԭҪ̣ҵġ˵⣬Сɫ΢죬ܼᶨųīǸϵŤһ̬񣬺ڵھų棬Ҳ١ȻЩȫҸɱˣ࣬
īţûȥ骵Ľ
󣬳īҲһʮֽӽжϣǸϾƹͨˣ
һɻ֮һ׼ľ磬ķӦ׼𾳽ǿ̶ȣбע
ΪǳԽ˵׼ͬҲǿ֮֡ϵĲܷ࣬ôῴǸϾƹʵ磿
˵ΪԼľ粻û취αװ
īţֱӸͨһܿαװ
ֱӸ˳īһ𸴣Ŀǰľ磬ѿ
īľ񣬵һַ·תĸо
ˣѵ˵ϾƹλĳҴүĸס
λ浱ʱĵĻڶߡƶǸƹԾĳ֪ΪʲôϢȫޡȫһˡ
Ȼųīλ棬ǲ˼ݡ
֣Ƿˡ
һޱҫ۵ĴڣͻȻ书ʧһˣȷ͵Ǳһˡ
ǣһѾϵˣô־缫ߵʿأ
īüͷоԼǿļͻȻЩǡסˡ
ʱڶ骣˵Щ꣬һֱΪڻϵʵȴһֱָоϵڻҡȻûκ֤֤£Ҿôõġ
īͷǣƽʲô쳣ľٶ𣿻˵ɵĻ⣿
ᵽ֣īģ΢΢һʹ
쳣ľٶüûУǺȾƣƺ˺Ⱦ֮⣬ϵûеڶԣҡͷûʲô쳣ǺȾƣȣҲȣֻҪšǺȡ
ڽɵĻ⡭骵üëúܽȻˣ


1272 
ī˿̣Ȼ̲סЩ骡
˵ȥ꣬һΣҿϵÿ춼ģǳۣ˵ϵǲʲôĵ飿ôԼأϵʱҲң˵Ȼ˵ʶٺ˼ҵĹҪҰһϱɣϵһζҷˣҹӡܾ֮öҡһֱϵǸ˺ܾˡ
骾죬˵ҲϵһһҵĻɡ˳ӣţףҿ
骿ŶտҲλ˶ɵˡһˣ
ҡǲǳֻþˣ骻λƵվԼԴоһεĸоֹҸղ˵ʲôţţôʲô벻ˣҡҸղż˭ˣգСûȾưôʲôǲˣ
ǱߣȻƾɵķӣȻõľդ
īٴֱƿդţȻƾɵķǰһƿŵŵż߽ϾƹȻϣ˯ˡ
ͷӵ˽Ͳˣһ˶ﵱǰɣǺã㶼Ҳûʲôù˼ɵģ˵ֻҪ֣Ǳ߾ͻֱӸӦ˺ɱң԰ɣīһ˵һѣһ㷴ӦûС
УұȺǰɣˣҲǳҵ֣īЦţ˵ǳīǼ
ˣͻȻ䷢һȣһУȻ¡¡Ĵ֮˲佫ī׻ɢۿգ޾ķ飬ֱӷھųǡ
˫ۣɻǲȴܷŭСƨʲô
ī̲סЦֻЦУ˸С
ãǰԲ𣬴ˣˣҾ֡ǰУԣҳȥϱĵطСī˵꣬תߡ
һ漴һŭȣȻС쵰ԼвңôôǶ
īЦţϵˮȴϡﻩٺٺٵЦţȻԽЦԽ󡣵󣬹ֻʣˮɲϵ

ôոձ˵ǷһԼвңôôǶ
ȷе㲻Ƕ룬ո־ٶƺôһġζ
ī˸սе񺮡ûֻԼϹϵֱе̫ˡ
ôҵˣ
ɣ
ӸסѵͲ𣿲֪û˸Ҳûˬǳˬرˬ
ʹˣŭδȻһߡζû뵽С쵰ȻַʽԼϡԭǴζϵġ
Сӣ쵰ˣ
ôô
󣬳Լˡ
Сֹ龫ֵľֱ̫ˣ
һޣ
뵽⣬ŲϵϣһĨȻ
ʹ죬Ȼʹ졣īתĿǰɣǵˣʹʹҵԼĸˣʹģȴǸ׾Ȼ⸱ӡ
īͨһǰТ
һ仰û˵꣬ʵҲ˵
˫ǵۣգ˼£ȻͳĵҲǡ
𲻳ϣôʱ䣬ҵҲʲôԭҲʲô飬ڣҳˣʲô飬һͬԣ𣿡īУˡ
˵ʲôҪԵģϲô򡣡
ҵĸףλ߳Ƶľ콾ǹҫ׻ƴ𡣲ܵʲôʱʼĽī˵
ķӦȴЩƽǶǹȥˣ㿴ģһ깶Ӳд
ģīȻǰŲϵǱ˾סʹǧֻһ仰һؼҰɡ
ңǼңٺһЦųīСѾɳˣͣɳΪˡ˵߻вٵĺ֪ţϲľͶߺˡҪ˼ҡ
ֻϲһˡī˵
㻹ԺףĲá˵
һؼҺòãЩ£˵㣬ȢҾȢīʱһӣ
˫ǵɲǼһĨ⶯֮ɫƽ
ĶȥͦõģÿоƺȣԡЦķһֵطʺϵġ
ʱͻȻһ󼱴ٵĽŲȻǸСӣͻȻĿɿڴĿˣڴڵĴϢţ㡭㡭Ȼ
Ȼ˵骸硣
ϵ骶ʲô£ȻоչŹ֣ƽ춼ģûڸ˵
骸ʲôġԶ͸˵ˡ
ͷʰʰ߰ɡ˵
С骸Щɵۣʵʲô
ǳīǸݵˣߣǰ;˵
ϵʲôˣ骿
ڰ֣ûϵ
ϵĶӶԲԣϵǳ
ˡüͷһͷĴ骣£ûκιϵ
ϵһţ˼С̬Ů˵йϵûϵҪǡҪǵĻңǾͳС
īһĿ骡
ЩߣŤĵ˼ҴСǹ¶һôϵҪҺ𣿡˵ţǰץĸ첲ҡҡġ
ϣ¶εı飬Цҡˣϸ첲ȵģҡɢˡ
ϵ骴˵ţīһС
īͷߣȴ֣ӦúϲСѾͷĻһ¡٣ͨѿˣȿȡðɣͨãһ׵Ĺ
ǣҶӡڳϡ
ۣҾСˣԲԣԲԣ˷ֱܵȻųī˷ܵؽе磡
ī
ʱһ˵СӣԺ󣬾ˡҪúö;ˣһӡ
ʲô;ϵ˼Һܵģѿе㲻⣬
īȻѿ˵츳жãµͷһؼңòã
ҲһڴĿΪһСջ󲻴󣿴̫ˣʵϣ˵Ҫģʵ
ڰī
ī֮󣬾Ѿµīϵ֮Ĺϵˡ
ޱ𾪣εĸоͬʱҲֱһǾǣһҪīϵһؼң
ھųǣҲʹˣ
ҪҪɣ
ҪԼ֣ڻս棡
ͬʱҪģһֱϵߡϵ̫ˣûչˣԸŮԶչ
ΪǳһĴүֻΪϵ


1273 
ӣīסûⶰСƷ档˽ʱסĽȻҲͦƣҪĻõöࡣ
׻ǲϸߣҲʲôϸ˵
ļƽĳīҲûмԼĸסʵϣױ϶ԭġֻҪţǾǳīο
ԣŸһȾƣҲ˵ʲôүһһĺš
ָоԳī˵Ǵδйһ顣ǳԼĵȾƣȸκ˺Ⱦƶʹ죡
Գ˵ʵֺγˣ
ۿԼĶӳɳٷĳԼǰֳɾ͸кУҲ޷
骸⼸죬һı仯ƽһΣŮװ
һʼһɫȹӣǳīġ
ܿ죬骸Ͳīƴ
Ϊ骸ܺڣֺݵģһɫȹӡȿȣǻֱ̫ס
骸ܿҵ˺ܻŮ˸ԼıߣרˣԼһɫĳȹ֮ȻҲ̸ж֮ǰǿҵĺڰ׷Ҫǿˡ
ʵؼԭ骸̫Сˣֻʮ꣬ʲôģͲ˵ˡ·ϣҲָо
ô˵骸ȻϴŮװˡ
£ھųǵĵ˵һ𾪵Ϣ
ܿ죬ھųǵĽϣʹһϢ
骸簮һ꣡
骸ϲˣԻָŮװ
̫˰ɣѪ骸磬ȻҲϲˣ
һֱΪ骸ϲŮӡ
ǹˣ骸ʮ꣡
ʮôˣѾܴˣ
ھųǵĵҲһƬңΪ骸ֱ仯˵ζʲô˭˵á
ھųǵĳ
Ϣ̲סüͷ
һص꣬ƺǸΪܸʿ֮ǰ骸緢ͻ骸˲֪ΪʲôͻȻסСϾƹոϾƹȾơ
ǸϾƹĸоܸӡ͵ϾƹҲ϶ϾƹǸˡڵʱҪ骸ˡΪǳɱ¾У骸ΨһҴߡ
骸Ƿ˵ǣһֱԼĵܵǱ骸ˡʵƺҲ骸СһСӣǷݺԪӤڵϹֶЩ־塣
ʱҪɱ骸磬ɱǸϾƹġ
˯ʱͻȻһֲĴʿɢϢֿҪĸо
˾ҪϾƹ骸⣬Ȼɢ
һζѣȻţɵڶ졢졭һʮ죬ÿϣͬΣ
ȫʹƣ£
󣬿Ĳ鲻Ըķ˶骸Ͼƹɱġ骸ͷλϣ˵ھųǵĴ
֮󣬿ҲûǸجΡҲе骸統ĻΪǸϾƹܲ
Ϊ͸ԷĲСԼ͸˶ˡΪ磡߳ȥ֮⣬пֲֿĴܡһͷɱһٴΡ
ԿûҪ뿪ھųǣֻƬϳưԡ
磬̫Σգʺ
Ե½ϢǰʱУֻҡ
Ҫȥǣʲô͸ʲôȥǸ꣬ǸϾƹǡ骣Ҳȥ
ֻ˼Ƭ̣
ʵ֤ܴһľôգۼ䣬Ļҷˡ
īɱģʵԶ׳ǿ̫࣡
˵ڳīе㲻ȶ
ѵͲĸ׾ȳ𣿡
顣
īһεĿԼĸףŸ飬ŸѾĸסǰϾƹʵΡ
Ҹ°ɡīſ۾յϾƹͳ˵˽ʦʱȥᣬҪǿΪͽ
һ֪һЩʦ顣Ƕʹ࣬ʦûзԸгһգȥеˣȳʦ
ʦٻʦ飬˵ܶ飬ڽɽ֮󣬲һ˽ġ
ɽ翴ʦʱѾʦһˡʦ壬һûʥҩɡʦûи˵Ϊ˸ʦĴۣȴܹµһܼѡһǳס
ī˵ţϣ۾ȫˣҲ֪ǲ˯ˣƽȣǴӵϣҲκα顣
īŸף˶Ϊʦٻصɽ磬Ҳܾȳҵʦˡ
֪￴Ѿ˯˵˵һ䡣
֪īһȵĿԼĸףô֪ģ
ǰһʧѾɷ˵ôܹ֪ɽģ
ǵ۾ųīٺһЦµġ
ī̾˿¶ŨŨʧ֮ɫųͲܸһТĻôҲԼһòãʧΣ׼ʥҩ϶κ
ϻвأѵǸˣʻ¯
һǿҵͷһ취ûС
֮ǰīֺγûи¯ͨͬҽĻ¯ϵ壬Ӳûܸ㽨顣
˵õТǸϽˣǸСѾͷߣӦúǱж󡣴úýȻԶҪңҲԶҪȥžǵУѵ¶һ˿ɫΪԶûлᡣ
Ҳšīͬһֻ˵СޡȦܺ죬̧ͷһᶨĿԼĸףԶûлȳһģ
Ҳ㡣ڰ֣ѾˣԼ飬Լͺáˣͷӣ͵ǶҵТˡһ̫٣ˡӡ
һӣóīȻ¡
Ĭ˺ܾãٴ̧ͷŸףĲı𣿡
һҪͷıʲô⣿ü֣ˣҲôˣǾТˣϽȥɡ
ī̾ϢһȻĿͷ
վͷҲصˡ
棬վЩĿųīô죬ҲѾʹ˺ְܶ취ˣһ޶ϵжʹˡ
κͷ޶ԡƾǿȻ
߰ɡī骣һ˸С
ԥһ£ҡͷҲߣҪϵ
īЩĿһ骡
ɫȹӵųī˵磬ҲϡһĹݡΪһֱݵˣãҲϡֻչϵϵ


1274 ŵĸ
ƾСԺīЩĿǰ´źȹҲɢһкϢ骣΢΢üȻŰ壬Ȼ֪磬ǣ֪֪һεķζʲô
˵ţҲ骻شֽ˵ҵҿ϶˹طЩ͸ȫһ¡㶮𣿡
骿ųīһЦ飬һкûʲôųī֪ģ磬ҲڵġһܳΪǿʿҲڡ㲻ߣչϵ飬Ұɡң硭
ţī骡
˵
Ϊʲôīһüҡ
ھųǣǧ﷽ԲǷ˵硣ϡĵطҲʲôʿȤǿ߹ǵڸĵˣҪڣ˵
īüȷǸ⣬֮ǰû뵽
Уϵϲʼ磬һƾɷǱߡ
ɣԳī˵ȸղǸǿǰܸоͷھһ˵һ˾ƣʲôûȤԼҵ̫ϲ
ȻвòôԭȻīڼ仭п׺ģȴīһָоƺԼǷġһЩ
뵽⣬īȻЩһʲô
ԼǸԤеǸˣôԼĴڣǲɢĸԭ
ԭһеĸԴȻԼϡīЩȻ
ðɡī̾Ϣһ骣Ȼóһöָץ骸ݵС֣档
΢΢һʶҪֳȥɫҲ糺졣
īЩĿôһСѾͷô˼ôࣿǸġ棬һƷм飬СкܶļƷ쾧ʯ⼸Ҹ׼Ȼһ磬ҲʲôʾûСͷʲô飬Űϸԣһġߡȥϵȥ
ī˵ţһСƷķ̾ϢһһȻʧ
ЩĿųīʧĵطȻ˿öĽָҧ´죬ת˷
ϵҲסȦ΢ĿȻŵ
СӼҼҵģôʲô׵黹𣿡ۣȻɻǣȴƺ˼֣ˣ
ˣ˵ˡСĿϵ
š
ʲô˼
ž˵֪ˡ
ĶӰ׵ģ
֪

һţתߵĳ嶯
ʱȻ˵ˣ
ˣûĵ
ùԸ
ʶûʣͰѽָȻͷ̫飬ͷȴǾԵΡ
У¶һĨһš˵ţСӻԣôš
ָЩߴ˶̲סĵװԾǽָĶֹǲô򵥣
Ķˣ̲סһ
ƷֶҪƳҲҪһġԼСӾȻһԵĸŪһšЩ飬ÿһѪȷ硣ȴ赭д͸á
ǶѻɽļƷ쾧ʯµ̤죬õꡣȻеĶŴ壬ĵճӵܣҲͲˡ
˵ǽָ棬ָļƷҩֵıУһЩֱӦоС
ŵ˵öĴָװһı⣡
Գ棬ӣ൱ġī֮ôصԴ骣ףΪף
Сӡûʲô飬ȴǷǳġ
󣬳ֽöָԻظ骡
骴Ŀʶ˵ǹʧôܴ򿪴ָ
ڰ֣ˣϽɣôõĻ㶼ϧǾͷӰɡ
öָԺ뿪һֱ棬ŸղŵǸ⣺ϵǹʧΪһķôܴ򿪴ָþ
⣬һֱ骻صԼס
СӲԶһľСԺĻҪסĵطһٱֱ֮ⲻ骲Т˳
ԼסСԺ棬ֻĸˣɨӣͬǹ¶骴ؼҸŮѾߡ
һԺĸȫӭСˣ
ţ첻øҲùңԼιԼˡһ̣骸ֻˣİڰ֣Լķ䡣
ţþöָʱķʱһСȻִһЦද뵽骸󣬶ʱһֹĸо
ӺѾһ
⼸ѾŵüˣΪһֱ̭Сһ骸磬ȻŮװȻûԼɵЦĸܶŮӶΪСˡ
⻭Ҳе̫㤣ǺӦ
ôһԼһڷУȻַɵЦ⵽ǳʲô¶
ϧĸȫȥʣƽСǺܺãϵȴأǸҺҹС顣
һҸıöָɵЦ֮ǰī˵ʱ򣬲û̫ĸо
ʲôƷʲôƷ쾧ʯʲô顭ֱ̫ˣû߶ЩҲ̫ңԶֻǶŰϣ֪һЩļֵ
ֱ۵ģȻͬСɽһļƷ쾧ʯˣ
ôԴжأ⼫Ʒ쾧ʯļֵȴġ
ζû뵽Լֻദ˼ı˸磬ȻһʿֲĲƸ
ţִŰ壬ʼصϢ
ԽԽ𾪣𾪵ľΪ˽Ʒĺ壬ļֵҲڶ˳īЩһнʿ˵ζʲô
ѹϵ˵绹ԣš⣬ֹǲŵ⣿ֱǴ󷽵˷ðɣ
һŬԼƽȻŰ壬öָ֮ĲԼĵطպá˵磬ҵĺãһϡİɣһչ˺ϵģĳһ죬Ҳһĳɳܹﵽ㣡
ʱ洫һżֹ骸硭롣
ô
¶һ˿ζЦݣӦһ֪ˣϾȥ


1275 ֤
ī뿪˵ھųǣû֪ߵҲСģĨеĺۼ
뿪֮󣬳īһֱ˼ŸΪʲôӡǼ仭Ϣ˿һγԺС
īһĻߵͷ˵֪һֱ֮вٳǰȻһ׻ƴȻܻ١ȻЩڲ档СҲȻ˳֡
뵽⣬ī̾˿ʵӸһʼ̬УѾµԭ򣬵Ȼ볢ţ뿪
׵걻ʥ˻ɱͨӴ˽֮ⷲСǣ׵һУΪʲôʧӰ٣
ī벻ͨһ顣
ѵֻǸ׵һ
ī˼⣬ʵûı˵ֻǿŸǷϵӣܸۡо׺ۣ̫ܿ࣬顣
ײȥĸףīҲ⣬仭Щж¡
һʥˣԻ׻ƴ򡣸˵Ǳߣбʥ˸ӿµĴڡ
ī̾Ϣ˵Ȼʲô֪ҲԶᣡ
˵̫ƽؼҵЩ˼ѾӰ֮ǰվؼһߵļ塢ɷ׷׿ʼŬƲ塣Ҳ˲顣ѽؼҵĿһصЩ塣
ȻУӰΪԶģȻǳһسȺ顣Ǵݻ˴ؼʿȻٳٲҵһ󣬵ǶĹףȴõ˼ʿϿɡ
ΣǳīԳһ߷ã壬Զҷʷ֧ô򵥡
Ҳ˵īҴ£һؼΪ߼ļܣû⴫Ҳû֪¡
ֻ˵īнеݺ͵λЩһصļ壬ڴһ̬ͬʱҲΪԼ̬
˵١֮ǰ۸һļ壬㼸ֱӴڳīȥ١֮֮ǰռ١Ҵ󲿷ֽ綥ңóЩһ١൱޴Ĳ
ЩȻռ١ҽļ塢ôһûֺŶˣﻹеӼռ١ҵĵط
óռĽͬʱԹϴԴ
Ǻۺʵһͼ嶼١ңڽϣԴϣ˲ָֻһŴĹģ
ƫƫǵļʵǳּ壬֮ǰκУһ޴ķ⡣޲ȥҧڡڣȴûӡҪֲ֪ģҺЩ١ҵġھӡǣͶӦ
ڵĳīн磬ͬһ޴ĴʯʲôͿ׵˵Ĺע
īƮܹīж켣
ʱѾܾöûгǰˡ
īҪȥ飬ͬʱҲҪȥ֤һ顣
֮ǰīɱ쾳ɱʱǸɱ˵˺ܶ顣оͰһЩ˭ԤϲˣȻҲѾħ֣Ѫū
ЩˣõġȻĻһħ֣Щ˽޴Ķѡ
һؼ壬īûг߷꣬£ڳīȥЩһؼ壬Ҫ
ҡ
磬ǲڽｮΧڣǵȴС
һܵ͵ļ壬ǵҪԴڼֶĸƾ١
У·츣һн磬ҲһֱƺʩĽɫ
츳ȴûбûԴʿһ϶ῶң԰ҪģҵֿûκĿģûЮͼ顣
ˣںܶУ壬ֱһʥͼ塣
ǽҵ̫үһĴˣ
˵λ̫үɲʵܿѾﵽ׼ĲΡûǰչ¶ԼʵҲþȥѹˡ
ǰһʿһ붼ܹ̫үָ㡣
֮һǳصļ壬磬к֪ܶǡһЩмĵܹҶݡԽҵĸ飬Ҳ൱һ㡣
ԣҵǳ֮㡣ӹҲûĸ۵ĸ˻¶
죬īˡ
һ£һͷڷţݡˮһ򽪼ҵ
ҵأҲǼĴء
Ϊû£
ʱֵ磬ͷո㡣ɹģ붯
Ҳ࣬һЩ˿īҲΪ֡ݷõÿ춼в٣Ȼī˲࣬Ҳеġ
ˣīһ·ûκε
һ·ϣīѾԽһ൱ϸ˽⡣˽⣬ҪǴˮͳġ
ŮԳīҸеǳ棬ΪǶ֪ī̫ȥû顣⽪ֲǳһؼ壬īʲô
Ůܴûȥ׷ʡֱӸī˹ڽҵĸϢ
Ů۶ܸߡˮ۱Ƚ˼˵壬ʮǰѾˣڵʱɽ¶ˮϣйٶСȻ㲻Ǵ񣬵Ҳ֡ڼǰ֪ΪΣķͻȻ䷢˱仯ڵʱļҲĽ̫үĴ£壬ʼơ
飬Ӧúһʱƾףּܼ꣬ͨһ£ԼƵʥ͹ҹֵز治סûһ֮ˡĲĸ嶼õġ
Űϣˮ˳ī˵
Ȼ֪ʲôұһ䣬ǳ㡣ҪʲôһҪճ֤ݲСȻĻǳһ»ָľ޴ܻش
˵ˮԳī൱˽ġīԸƢ⽪ʲô鶼ûУīȥǡ
ˮͳĽϢīԼ̲סЩɻǸ쾳ɱ˵Ļ׿ףΪ˵Щˣīʱ䰤һһġȫûκ۵ˣ
һī֪ˣóīã᲻ǸɱǰԼµһӣרԼģ
յʱƶ˲Ӧ˵ѡԣīǾԼ֤һ
֤ʵǸɱڸԼڿӣǳīҲʲôźģһ֮īĻе־塣
ΪЩ˶ܳ⣬޽磬ʲô˻ŵģ


1276 
ԳīԼǰõЩϢȫǴģɰһˡҲԸһƼļ壬ͻȻħ島ϹϵԸһ׼𾳽ĴУҲħѪū
ʱ򣬳īѾ˽صĽȺſڣϻ£ǰƬϢеĻֺŽ
һƬþĹŽȺһЩϵƷּˣֻʣһɵϣϡ
ʱ򣬴߳һСͯҲͰ˾ӣһ裬һ˫ڰ׷Ĵ۾ߴﹾգţȥСͯ´һ۳īĵÿĴ磬˭ѽ
īСͯʱúܻϲ΢΢һЦ̫үģԴȥ𣿡
Сͯ룬ͷ˵ѽ
īе⣬ļ壬ǵһμ֮ǰܵκμ壬Ѿǲ١ңҲרǰһļôüģΪĵ桭Ҫһ棬ϼѡ
⽪ңȻףѵʲôˣҪҵ̫үɣ
īЩţһߣһСͯСܵܣ˭Ǽ̫ү𣿡
СͯҡҡͷȻѽƯĴ磬Ҽ̫ү㣬һˣҲûʱء
Ŷԭīһüңֹĸоøǿ˼֡
ɾ磬һսѾﵽ׼ĲΡͬʱ·ϣɵĵѾ޵Ľӽߵ򡣶Ժܶ飬ҲԼĸӦ
֮ǰ⽪ңһֱκΣյĸоǴ˿̣ҲûܵΣյζһ㶯ûС
Сͯ˵үүʱ򣬳īее΢ĲȻܲκΣա
ǡе˼ˡ
īСͯһ·ȥ;ҲһЩˣЩȫԳī¶ƵЦݣûκϳһ˿֮ɫ

īгһȻԿЦҡǹĺţ
³⽪£Ҳ̫һ㣿н磬һࡣ
˵Ʋãƣܸһָо̫ˣ
Ҳκ覴áһˣӾӸͬһӴļ壬ճġ֧ġԱ˿ְڡô˵УһҲûУ
ɻ󣬳īСͯһʮֹϵķǰǰǸüĿߡ
ߣǽҵ̫ү
λ̫ү뷢԰ף°һ߳İɫ룬˵ɷ磬ϡֿһۣͻ޾øеˡ
С̫ͯүҰѹˡ
ãȥɣΡ̫үЦе˵
֪Сͯųīʩһ¶һĵЦݣȻתܵˡ
ѡ̫ү˿վԳīʩһһֶԴݵλͬƽڡ
ī񣺡̫ү
ѲؿҸƽʵռ˱ˣԵѵݣ磬¶ǵѵͺˡ̫ү¶һЦݡ
īŽү֪˭
ͷϴȻѧղе㶪汲һ飬ݵóġ
īüһȴ΢΢һŷˮͨһҪûôסԱ𿴽˵ɣīȴ֪Ǿʲôͨ¾Ƶļ壬ⷽ棬Ҫǰλ߲ܶࡣ
ҾѪǱһóۣݼĹš̸֪֮£²Ը֪ûдģͽҵһСΪӭӡӵһ˲䣬Ϸڿȷ͵ݡΪղŵĻ͡
īͷŽүӿ֪Ϊ¶
ͷ
īоȸüͷ˵ѵǸɱ˵ģ
ʱ򣬽̾һվӣǻط̸ɡ
ī˵ͷ£Ҳȷ̸̫
һֱӷϸ졣Ķ죬ÿһĳĵϡܿģ뿪˽أ˼ߵ⡣
ֵط׼𾳽ս㹻ˡӰ쵽Ĵˡ
īո˵Ҳ½λ̫ү֣ɫ޾ĸ
˫ڸվλ̫үųף̾Ȼǳһĺˣ׿
īһЦû˵ֻƽĿŽҵ̫ү˵Ҵһ˵ĿУõһϢǸүļйصġ֪Ϣ֮ҵһ½ңõĽۣе㲻˵Ļүܷһ𣿡
ԴҾѾ֪ģҪ̾ϢһһĨȻ֮ɫȻ˵Ǹˣ˵Ķġ
ţīüͷŽеԺˡ벻ͨλ̫үΪʲôɴľͳ£벻ͨλ̫үΪʲôһΣΪԼôȥƺǡΪֺ̹Ȼ
£һ׮޴أпܵĻԸΪһ׮ԶĳԶҲ¼ҪҲҪ֮ŷĻҲ帲𡣡̾Ϣţ¶һ˿ȻģԶ㲻
үӻ˼ƺ飿īŽԸĵڡ
ЦЦ˵ңԭֻһܹϣһЩ̵ļ塣棬кˣҲвоһûʲôֱת䣬ӦǰҰɣڣѾǵˡʱҵһ棬۱֣Ӧ̫үǱġС뿪壬һֱûлеĳһΪѾˡʱһʵѾﵽ׼ĲΡǸʱ£Ҳûһ׼ڡĻع飬Խ˵ֱһϲѶΪǽңҲгˡȴ룬Ļع飬Ҵ˸ı䣬ͬҲҴֻ
īŽʵħˣ
ûһ̹ȻĵͷʱǼϲңҵָҲġȻøָҩϵҡڣںʱ򣬾ͳΪ˵󲻵ǧʱڣ̤׼𾳽硣УƵҼλϣԼԱơ׷䣬н磬ҪôҪһ
Ǻ°һѾħˣȻīһ̾
Ϊ˼ɡλ棬ҲĸԸħġ˵˭ʱʱĴЩЩ󣬵ҲиĻᣬЩ󡭡һˣⱲӣûлˣ


1277 
ûлģ١Բżһ޾Ԩī̾Ϣ
ͷ浱ҲûҪʱع飬ȷǱ壬ý𡣡
ǣī΢΢üŽ
Ц֪֪ħħľ巽ʽ
īҡҡͷĲ֪ΪڹʱλħֻǸħֶΣȴûдκħĹī˵ӡϵӡӡǣ˵޷𣬱ӡħӡǣҲͬû취Լ
ǵͷȻҡҡͷ̾ϢȷӡϵӡǣһħҲӣ᳹ħʱ򣬾ĳħˣʧȥеǣһ̨ͷβɱ˻ħķʽȴЩʿȫ󲻵ġ룬νħһӴļ壬˿ڣǧ˵ľ޴ɡħôʱȥһ£
īͷĿƵĿŽѵбķʽ
ص̾˿ǵģħħķʽǳ֮죬ͨһˣдģִȴڲ֪俪ʼģκ˶
ī΢΢һ˼ǣħħʽ񲡶һɢȾ
˵Ͼģλ棬֪Լħ塣ȴУħĴһӣǽħ֡ħһѿԶ޷Ȼص壬иѪϵˣһǧﷶΧ֮ڣͶᱻȾڲ֪䣬Ѫпʼɢϡӡǿʿ츳׿ģҲһħ֡ħ֣ԴͷҲλ档Ȼħ
ī̲ס̾ϢһȻ˵벻Ȼһֹ̣죬Ҳ֪ħԭַʽ
˵ֻһ֣ħķʽк֣ܶ֡ͼҲЧİ취ǱħħֵʿѪϵˣֻҪӽ㶼ᱻȾһЩʽЩʽҪܸͨߣҲʲô˶Ǹʸġ
£浱ʱ֪īʵ
Ҫ֪ѡص塣Цʵϣ£ǰͻȻ俴һЩǸ粻ӦÿĶ˲ȻŸ֪ҡ
棬Ѿôīʵ
ڡϷһ˿ɬѾˡ
ǿħ֣īʵ
ԣӺܴ˵
ôҲ˵һֱ棬оˣ֪ԼѾħˣīʵ
ЦǴ˲֪ǳ֮⣬û֪
īüͷ֮ǰؼң
˵ؼΪԼĵճӵܣȫ֪ࡣ
īŽʵˣһ֪ʲôط𣿡
ҡҡͷ˵Ҳ֪ʵϣħûϵҡûиҹͨҺһңħҲһټǡ
ǡмɣǲҲǽһīʵ
룬Ц˵ɣҶ֪ĸɡһֱûбֳִӦþǸǽһ

ī̲סһоЩˡ
ⲻؼǴϵ¶ѾħҲѾǸʵʱ׼ΪħЧɱͬ
֣һֱΪƣ徹Ȼûһˡǳһ̫ү֮⣬ˡȫ֪飡
ô죿ȫɱˣ϶ǲеģ
Ҳ˵ᱳؼҲȥԼһذ
ϰ޹飬ϰаħ壬˭µȥ֣
ˣǸħȥˣīȻʵ
ʧˣһ̣ǸħֱɢаϢһӱӰ١Ȼ塭˲仯˳һ˸е˵
īĬһ£ʵ˵Ļ𣿡
ûκԥֱӷģԱԪͼ˥ġ׼ԣԳ棬˲Уӡϡ
īͷֹ
ô죿ʵ
һ࣬ųīа취𣿡
īҲ̲סЩĬ飬ʲôð취üͷţһȺѾΪħ壬ȴ֪ˣûκζСƴĻƣüʱ䣬һֱ¡ħ±Ļô壬ʵ磬ɾļˣ
Žλҵ̫үҲһ£ǣһħ彵ٵ䣬ôңȻΪħȷΪǵĿܣ
˵һ죬ҾͰѽӵټһȻ󡭡Ȼ󡭡
̾һ׼𾳽ĴܣһʵѾվڵ۷塣ڴ˿̣ȴȦ죬û취˵Ȼ֮Ļ
ѵ£޽𣿡īüͷʼվãΪʮľţ˶һܻһڡֻҪҵһôܶѣԸȥҡ
ΪģֻΪѾƻ¼ļ壬ܹȥ
磬Ҫļ壡
浱껹֪ԼѾȾѪʱԾȡԸħ˺ܶʱ䣬¡Ҳûҵ취ǰһЩ£Ÿ֪ҡҼѰҰ취һɬĵǣҲѾߵԼ۷壬Խ̤׼ľ磬Ȼûκΰ취ûϣģħֶΣ̫ˣ
һа취ī˵Ȼ۾ȻһŽ˵Ҳһ󣬳׸ҸϢôħ˽ٵϣƵⷨ󡭡ȻĻǾ޷ħٻǾͿˣ
ī˵ţüͷһ壬Ҫˣ繵ͨϵ
۾ʱһӡַܲǣǵȻãȻҲϧ
˵ţҲüͷ˵ħ彵٣ȥ󡭡ǣ
ī˵ܹȥⷨģΨǵʱ򣬹硭Ҳͳˡ˵ʵʱҲǽһˡ
漴¶ЦȻ˵ʱҾ֡壡ȻӴ˶ϾҲΪħ߹
īЩĿŽصĵͷŵȣһȫǽң塢ɣҵƽİ취ҵĳŵΣ浽ħ彵һ죬ǻûҵ취ô֣һֵ𾴵ĳߣһ޶һ죬һʼա
λ˺̫ܶүȻ£Դлī
Ǵ
ҲǴ壡
Լļ壬ǺεȲпһ£Ͼʲôˣزûԡ
ųīٴʩ񣺡룬Ӳ󣡡


1278 Ž
ƵĽҽٻӵܣȻչذ꣬ڣκν䡣
Ϣһڵ˲Сĺ䶯û֪ҵ׷ʲôȻиֲ²⣬඼źϧ̫ˣǱչذ꣬ʧʵЩˡ
ʿµƽգϢǳźˣʾ⡣ϾΪ飬Ѿ㹻ˣ
ص⣬Ҳ̵ʱڣҪôȥҪôϵȥеĽҵճӵܣ̫үһ£һ٣ȫع飡
ǽң
̫үȡ
Ȼӵ̫ܶүе⣬ȴûһȥΪʲô
̫үǽҵ
ī뿪ҵʱ򣬶Щ꣬ļ壬ƶߣֵ˾塣пܣһҪҵǵİ취Ҫļ壬ܹȥ
īȥĵڶطе㸴ӣΪһɡ
һ൱ϵɡ
ɣҲֻмˡɣ磬ȴöŶ
ɣйŽɡ
Žɵʷֱ׷ݵԪǰ磬ͬʯһɡ
̫ˣܵ͵Žÿһֻһ䡣ӣҲܸߵǾž޵һǿߡ
īʱǸɱ֪Žϴ߷ߣħѪū
ߣ൱
ڵӵźųƶµ֣ڴˡ
սҲǿܶԺյǿ߶֡δһܡ
ҲѾ̤׼УڹŽɺܶˡûٳֹ
Ǹ쾳ĵɱָ֪īȫ벻һԻ͹ع͵ʿȻҲħ島Ϲϵ
ԵīŽʱȻʮֳءЩˣʵֻ쾳ɱ֪ġô֪أж٣
Ҳֻħٵʱ򣬲Ż֪ˡ
īһֱһѪħǣѪħ澿ںηȴû֪Ǹɱ֣˵֪£ǣӾģӣīܶŬòκιںȵϢˮҲ֪
ţ˹Ž֮󣬾ȥѰһ²ʵӣ֪ܲϾʵӣӦûǿҵġµس̶ȣҪЩħǿҺܶ౶
ǰѣǹŽصأ˵ȲҴ
ڳī˼ĹǱԶңңģһƽûʲô档
īǸɴ˵ߡ
ǰڱչأܼġǵУƾ˼ֱ䣬Ϊī
ǳīī˵
Ǳ߶ʱĬȻ˵īֵġң֣ҲöԷ˼һ˵
ãǱߴһԵöЩǿƣȻǳӣҲôɰɣͣƺ˵еĳӲһ
ӹŽɵķֱӷɳʮˣһȫѪʢƳ졣ٴһ㡣
˵Ӱīʵ̫ˣȻܶûīЩΪȻļīǻ鲻Խ뵽Լս
Щսɲǰ裬ʵʵҫϹ۵ĳɼ
ԣǹŽ߶ԲĳīЩУȴҪ
ī۾΢΢УȺڵӣƺеҪܵļơ
û˵ʲôֻƽĿŶԷЩˣȻ˵ҪӵѣҪ¡
ʦľͼģΪһ㱡ͿԺˣһʮ꣬ܳӣעųīǳ⡣
мĹŽʿҲͬߵĿųīǳѾīˡ
һߣҲǸոշԵЩǿˣֱվһĮĿųīŽɣһûκνҲûκιϸ𡣹ŽɣÿһֻһӲմȾǷǡŽɡ
ǵķߵѿħˡīĴ˵Ļ

˵
СעԴǣ
ֱ
ʦҲģ
ī䣬һȺʿʱȫŭˣ׷ŭųīϵϢǡ
Щ˵оȻûһڵ쾳ʿ̫ǿˡҲѹĸЩʲôģǵУ
ȽǿƵĮĿųīīµģ԰ɣ
īҡҡͷȺ̾ϢɣҺα߶徻ǷǴӣѷߵô
˵ôôֱЦһ۷徳ֱվԼŵһָīϻ˵ҿҲģȹһأ
ī˵ŽɣҲһ˺ܶԪĹɣôͿô
ֱŭˣһɨī
ͣ
һĽޱȷֱӽոѡ
ݺᣬ糤գبգնī
ҫۣɢɱ
ī̾һһ֣һɵĴϢɳ
ˣ
УǵһֱӱɴϢ߽⡣
ͬµıѩ˲ڡʧС
ʱһһѾһе֣ʩչǿһ
˵īս׼ܺ뢡Ըûκ֣־ɱС
ȴû뵽ԷȻ赭дľͻһ
īɵ֮󣬵еľվÿһʱ䣬൱޴ĽֽԼʱ򶼾óԾ
ȥһ϶ҪӲӲģ¶Էٶ࣬Ҳʽȥ
ڣȫҪˡ
һֵʩչ˲ͿԻһ
⻹ǳīûѶԷôȻոһ˲䣬һͿöԷˣֱ䣡
ִײں֮
𿴳īľ绹ߣԵ⣬ȴѾǵ֪
ݻԵλʥˣλүҲֵֻܴײں֮ȴܳ׶ϤУ
ڳīһ˵ĻԵ
ǹŽɵɫ԰ףЩʧվСԭԾԾԵˣҲȫ͡
ǰǳǿƵߣʱȴȻǿƣ˸ĿųīӣֲôţҪΪͿڹŽɺֱײΣ
˵ţֱһ֣󣡡
ʱߣ˲߸λϣīΧס
ǿƵȵɱ
䣡
һޱȿֲϢ˲
ɵĽԶ߽׵Ҫֲ̫ࡣ
ƣҪһ׼𾳽ĴɢƻҪֲ
ңǿƵߣֱɱ
óīһĨɱ
ϣ
˶зһ
Ȼͬʱī
ÿһ˹ķ򣬶һй׼ġǳīеĸѨ
ȷҪɱ
īȡ߱죬У䣬˵ȻսǣԸɡ
ī˵ţ־һ
һ̫Ҳ̫ɣȫûǵĺϻУӲҳһ·˲ԷĹΧ
Ȼ󣬵䡣
һͬ
һߣֱӶȥ


1279 һƽ
Եıɵˣζ벻īȻǿᵽֵزǹŽɵľɱ󰡣
ܶ˶֪Žɺǿ󣬴˼Ԫôã൱ϡҲ֪ŽÿһĵӺǿ󣬾žޡȴ֪ŽɵĽͬһ
Ϊ˷ִԵ˽죬֪ŽɽˣҲѾˡ
īȻ֪
ȷоǽԣī֣Ҳ൱
һԭǳԴȥġ
ڵһ˲䣬īԥһ£ԭͷ­һתߵļ
꣡
ߵһֱۣӦϣһʹȻˣӸ֮µ䡣
īȻûɱһŽ˵ҲԲܡΪīĵУ̺ǿط̺ųīĵһȥǶһֱ۶ѡ
ֱ۶ϵīһϵֱۣȻҲҪܶꡣ
⣬Ѿǳī御ĽˡȻĻһȥ߱ɣԪܸˣ
˽һˣɱ󱻴ƣʱ
īֻ˼ͽʣȫն䳾ûɱˣ˸֮ǰһȫˡ
СúݣǿƵŭɶ
ǲӦվǵĽɱīǿƵߣ˵ǹŽɣΪɱˡҪﶶ硣ں㡣һǹŽӴ꣬ΪʲôһôķӦûеǣѵ˵Ҫһ·ߵѣ֤һ¾ôôΪʲôҪٰӣڶѾôĶǹŽɣҲʲôϱΪʲôһֱ֣飿ǸڹŽɣ
ǿƵһŭĿųī˵߿ħ֤ݣ
īҡͷûС
ǿƵŭûƾʲô϶ģ
ī̾˿ܶ˵ǵˣ޷ħʵȫ⡣ͻȻ˵ߵħˣħѪūҲͬеŭҲʶԷû֤ݡ
ԭҲ֪ǿƵû˵
ī˵֮ǰõϢһ⣬ҵһѡĵط
ǿƵâһųī˼ǣ
īͷ
˵ĶԻͬһ㣬ȴȫ˶Է˼
ǿƵߣסԼĶͷȻ̾һҾ֪Ҿ֪쵰
ǿƵ˵Щ
ոյЩȫͻȥҽΣֻʣʮˡīһлɱҲڣߣ˵ʦ˵ˣ˵
ǿƵȻ̾˿ڰ֣Ƕȥɡ
ϣƺ˵ʲô
ǿƵ߳ҵĻô
ǡĲ鲻Ըĸһһͷˡ
ֻʣԭǿǷϵ߻гīˡ
߿ųīȻһɬĵʵܶǰҾˡҲġҵͽ
īĬţߡ
߻Сһ¶츳ʵ̸жãͬĵӵУҲȫûܳΪǸǹŽɣÿһӵУǸ䡣Էԭûл뿪Žɵġ
˵ţȻ૵ңҷȥͲᷢˡ
˽ȥˣīץסĹؼڣʵ
̾Ϣһ˽ԭӦóȥǸˡǹŽɵĴϣǹŽɣʱض˵ġûŵʱϡȨƵһʱధ˵Ҫһ磬ڹŽ¶ϡʦͽȴͬӣңҲТ˳ҵʱһǸͿľ
һ¶Сʧȥ˸ĸ츳һ㣬ŽɴȻַḻԴһ֮˼ˣҪķ硣ȻŽɵĴһʱͿ˸󡣽ͽܸ˳ȥ
ʵ˵ˣҲûʲô˵ġģǻġ˵һЩɵĹأīú⡣
Ž֣ÿһĵӵУֻһԳȥ䣬ʣЩ뿪ŽɵΧһӶҪسī֪Ϊʲôµġ
˵ϵ˽īûʲô
˵ҲδŽɶȥֱ֮䴳˲СССܶೡսδһܡȻعɣɹԽ磬̤׼ֶܵС
ߵڷ˵һڳīԺз
һ൱ԸˣͬʱҲ㹻Ŭ
츳һ㣬Ƕ˱ˣŵ뿪ɣ䡣ôˣϲ˵ҲһǺܲʹġ
䴴µټͷ·ǶǸͬĹŽɵӵķһ·ڸ߶ԷȻ㣬ıã
عɣǸʱһʵѾ޽ӽ׼ˡҵʱȻϲȴе㻳ɡ̾Ϣƾ츳Ĳ̫ӵ֮ĳɾ͡ʲôõԵҲ˸еšҸһܣ˵Ҳ˵Ҽ
˵⣬ЦȦȴǺġųīмԼӵⱲûе£ûкӣͬһἵ𣿡
ī뵽ԼʦħĽ֮飬ٴ˳ųīĵɢůġʱƺЩǰЩͷΪʲôһʼķӦô
̧ͷųīΪʲôôôΪǳīΪӡһֱڻɱؼҵˣؼңħ壡ҪߣǡҡԸһ£
Ѿ˶԰ɣī˵
ǵģʦͽһ֮ˣ˵һ죬֤ҿҪ֪ж㡣˵гһգΣѣһع顣ӻǡ̾ϢкܶĪĻڵʱȻƾ츳ôĽȴûаħȥ롣ֱԽԽԾʼվãı仯̫ˡ
뿪֮󣬻īʵ
ߵͷܶΣԺһЩָ㣬ЩӶء
һλʲôʱ飿ҵ׼ȷλ𣿡īʵ
ߵϣ¶һĨ֮ɫ
ī˵£ϵʿˣ㲻ĺǿˣðҳȻ󡭡ӡ
㣬㲻Ҫɱ͵̧ͷųīУ¶һĨϣ֮ɫ


1280 
оȵĻī˵
оȣһоȣ϶оȵģ߼е˵ңϵֻҪϵһģ
һ¡īֹߡ
ô߿ųīȻȻҶ˽ԼϷ£Žɴϡ
ϣҲ˼īλŽɵĴϣ˵һ£û뵽ߵѣԼħҡԸⱻӡǣҪô𣿡
˶ʱסЩĿųīǳ鴤šŽȨƵĴϣ׼𾳽ľǿߣ¶ãȻңûĲ֪ô졣
ңǲԸҷӡǳַҪɱҡǡֵΣīʵ
Ҳ֪ûġһġ֪ǸúӣǡúӡµԽԽͣǴԼͽȻŸ˽⡣
һԸܷӡˣôҲҲͲ뿪Žˡǵַʱ򣬷˵Ƿʲôһ֤Լʦж㣬˵гһգΣѣһع顭ﻰ⣬޲͸һЩϢ
ֻ´ϲԸȥţһֱԼϣ˷ʥͣмܹ飿
˳ʱĳĬĳͼ尾һߣĴ壡
ħĵˣû˻ϡ˫ìǲɵ͵֣һһս
һߣԼСĵӡͬ
ĸ֣˵ɣܹģм
īҲûд¶Ҳһᡣһѡӡȵгһգӵֶͨεʱнȡ
ҽ³˼һʱ䣬Ȼ̧ͷЩǸĿųī˵ܸүһദĻ𣿡
ȻȰȻáī˵
лл
īͷ
ʱºȻ̧ͷдεĿųīӣħֶ𣿡
˵ףµȻᣬȻţԼСͽܣħ޹أֻΪԭųߡΪԣΪӴˡ
ī˫ۣԼʦҲԼĸסһ̣īĲ̵ĸо
еġī˵ҲϣҴˡ
ˡϵ̾Ϣһȡʯûԥʲôֱϵ˷ߡ
Ǳߣܿ˻Ӧʦôϵң
ʦīܹоµ΢΢һȦЩ졣
ǱߵķߡȻҲӦˣһЩʦôˣǲʲô飿˵ʦ˭ҡ
ӣ㼸ûˣ΢΢˫ۣԸԼ¶
Ǳ߳Ĭ˺һᣬŴʦû£
û£еˡûˡɡͳ˵š
ȵȡʦϡǱߴżͻȥʦڡȥһ죡һ֮ҿ϶ǰȻڡһ£ûʲô飬ʦٻҪңʦ
Ǳ˵꣬ص˴ʯ
īеע⵽߻Ǿ䣺һ¡
һħˣڿȥĸԸħĴ£ʲô飿Խ󡭡¶ΣҲԽǿɣ
һ¡
µҲÿ
Ȼ΢΢һ̾
ī˵֮ǰԹŽλѶеȥһ°ɡ
΢΢һ
ī˵ֵˣұˣҪʮʱҲΪңħ彵ٵʱӰǵս
Ǿ鷳ˡл漴ͷӦһ˫ۿųīħ彵٣˼ǡħ϶ܽٵ
һ󣬳ٳҲӰҲ£Ӧø硣򣬻ʲôط֮һءī˵
ҵģһҵģħ϶ܽٵ䡭µһԼŵϣȴִš
һ̣ǹŽɵĴϣҲһ׼𾳽ľǿߡֻһˣûǿƣû˰Եʣµģֻĵǡ
´ųīص˹Žɣһ·ϣīջ˲ٰۡ
ֻм˵ɣһ飬ܿͻᴫ顣˵һȺô顣ÿ˼ī鲻ơҪ´ǿ»̲ס֡
֪ԼǳīĶ֣ҲһԣȻﰵ
´ųīܿЩ˵ĵطī˶𾪣ٴС
漴½˻ˣȻЩ˵һᣬȻԿǣ£ȥɡڰһµˡ
ЩȻгãȻһӣ桭ȴһĻŭţ
Ļŭŵĸоĵûݡ
͹Լϵơ
߽׵ܵ˸ʲôͬʿ֮սÿһζޱȡϱۿ˿ȬԴˡܽӻȥЩһʼû̫⡣
ɺܿ죬ǾʶԾˣԭ׾ĶϱۣһΡȴޱȼѣ
ϵĵˣͬƹ֮
һ£ЩʶԵĵˣͲѰʿ
һֻɾ磬ȴޱȿֲ뢣
ܵˣҲͲѰˣ׼־ĴܡҲû취˿ڡ
Щ˼ֱᣬƵĶҪˡΪ£˵ȻԹīȣǵķӦҲ㹻ңҪɱˡ
ˣܹ˼ô˵Щ涼ĺܣīѾǳˣ
û뵽ī̸һ֮󣬲֪ʲôЭ飬ȻˡȫҪûԼ顣ֻǸոջǵжԹϵ˵Ҳʣû֪ӦӦллīԣһϵı飬ӣǳᡣ
ڳīҲû̫ƽ£֪涼ìأֱӳ֣Լĵջ
˵ˣһַǳīĵγһֽɱĹɱ뵽ǵ嵱УһֱƻЩ˵ĵС
ܹͷɱ˲٣һ׼𣬾ѾˣһЩ߽׵Ҳɱǿֲģȴ΢΢ܹշģǼ޽У
£ʹû˵޾Ի͵ԶʱһԪǰЩԹͨγ֮ŵܣ̶ֳȡ
ȥʮ꣬ȻҲԣ
˾ÿֲȫû취ܵǣһʿ


1281 
ųī赭дı飬űЩѸɫֻа̾ˣԵ뢵ĳƺšúηĸݳīΪѾʺˡīѾӵ˸׼ƽƽʸָоò˶ãԼǰƽƽʸ񶼻ʧȥ
ѡٴθıԳīĳƺʩ񣺡л
ī񣺡ϿˣⱾҲҵĹʧ
˾һߣҾһɡǳīķ
ѳѱɣڳǰ˭Ƶϣ¿Ц
īЦЦţǰ
ѿɱô˵ˣ˵Ҿ޵ˡΰ֮𱲷磬ܸ߹ѵˣҲûмˡԽһѣռˡһǫѷ˵š
Щ˵ĹŽʿһǲΪʲôͻȻͳ׷˱仯Ϊʲô϶һӱ˿
ȻǽʲôųīԽīڹŽ߼ĿͷСȻַԸһĲȡ
ҲûнˣֻīΪЩ飬ʵڲȥ
ŽɴϵİͽȻħѪūҪǴȥֱǾף̫ˣǹŽڲҲѽʵ
ѣ˵ͽĲȰҪһߣô죿³üĶžƱʵкȾƵ˼ڼī֮ͨ󣬼ȫϣϡ
Ҳû취ûʵĸ˵ʲôķϻ˷ʥͣ׵˾Ѱ붼ǱƵġīЦ˵£ϻͷȷЩ鷳Ҫϣòˡ
ţ΢΢һüңīлǰ˵ûףȴòãȻҪסųīһϵĵԸꡣ
ʼվã㱻ħħ֣ѪūҲδؾȫ޽⡣ֻûֶô˰ˡī˵
ѹȻħ˽ĺ¸̾һȻ˵ǰҲʼվãӦǿԽģΨĸܣֱˡƬأҪΪ𡭡˵ţͻȻ̧ͷųīҲֻеˡ
īЦҡҡͷҲûаգһŬҸո᲻ãʵ˵Ըͷôô˵ӡһ׼Ȼѣûа취
µͷǣŽô꣬Ҳл
īЦЦĵʲôлһȻֻˣȴ˼ԪĹɣ˵лŪ˭أҲûеƣ˵ԸôԸһһɱ󡣡
µƤһǿţûвԡ
ʵӦúҪסһ׼𣬺ѡī˵аջɱոս׼ʿȴûаջɱһѾ׼ܶˡ˵ɱҲԸ
ǳ˳飬˵治һ׼棬˵аջɱĴܡȴ֪ǰ겻ڴţ
ī˵һҪסƷٽӡѶ̫ɱ󣬿Խ߽⣬ֻԪһȻ󣬽Ԫӡ
³ţ¶֮ɫīĸоǣ¾ԻԥԼͽܣ
÷߷ⷬʹ࣬ԼȥԸеʹࡣ
¶
ī̾ϢһҲȥߣͷĺȾƣµĴ𸴡
ã²̾Ϣһɡ
˵ţҲûиīǣվˡӰʮį
һҹ޻ڶһ磬ī͸оŽɵЩһ
ƺ˻Ϣ
ī΢ʶһɨ֪ʲô
ʦҪˣ
ʦ崫Ѷ˵Ҫ
ʦҪ̫ˣ
ʦڿϻؼˣ濪ġ
ߣŽɵӰóǳ֮
īЦҡҡͷٴν뵽붨״̬ʼʲôʱûйκһиֻҪʱ䣬һ飬϶
ʱ֣Žɵգøҡкܶ˶ڻţȸԾš
ƺǷ߻ˡ
īûгȥݾߣܸоߺܾԭֻһ֪ȴҪعϢݸеˡ
Ҳ֪Щûй¶ʲôϢȥ⡭Ҳֻܿ¶ɵƿˡ
Ŀǰƺû˴ݸϢЩ˸Ͳţ𾴵ˣҲŽɫһܣħйϵ
µɫ̫ÿȻû˽߷ߣףΪʲôĵĻ
Щ꣬ʵܶΣÿһΣĵĻûĴǰ֪ͨȻеľˣȫڻӭ
ʲô
ңԶʣһӰͬһ磬ѸٵĴ
ֻܶöз紵ȻͿһòӢ꣬Ѿµǰͷʦ𣬲Тͽˣ
ߡһĵ
ŽɵЩǲ֪ΪʲôࡣѵǳīĹɣѵľ÷ħ壿
Ҳ΢΢һһ˵ı飬Ȼֿ˿Լʦʦʲô飿
ʲô鶼ûУµѵʦ˵ô
߻վϵЦݽȻ΢΢ۣһܣʦǺοأ
ʲô˼µЩŭ
ЩŽɵʿҲȫЦݣһŵĿһĻ
ʦǵãͽ˵Ļô˵һ죬һʦҵ㡣ڣһ졭ѾԽԽˣ֤Լ㣬ΨһķʽǳɵΪ𣡡
ʱЩŽɵĵǣȫһ͵ĿŷߣѾǳݣǱ𺳵ȫ֪˵ʲôźˡ
ҪɵҪΪʱ
ؿھ̲סȵΪħնϿѹ
׼֮ŭףֱ춯أ
Ƭ񷣬ص·ŭ
һҲеĹŽɵӸľ
ߵҲԱü˵һʯ쾪ĻΪħôˣô
ˣһӣȫɵˡ
¡ͬӵĹŽɴϡһǲ˼ʮ꣬ԭͦεļ˲ȥ
ħħħ壡ħͬУǵ֪֪ʲôħ壿Ǽħ𣿡ţӢЩŤҾħ壡ҿǣйκεΣءǺǺǣѾǰϵǣ˵Ҫǣȴûһˡûһˣ˵ɷʲôʡ㡭װʦ縸׵ˣڸʲô·Ҫɱң˼˼䱯Īڴˣ


1282 ħʲô
˻˵ŤǼΪŭʨӡ궯ԭȥÿһڵµĽӡ
ʱǱ˼ʮ£кȻ¶һĨţαˣͬʱҲһЩýȫ𿪡
䣡
һɭɱȻ¸ոսĵطһССɱ󣬳˵ù磬ҲĻɱ󣬾Խ»ˡ
иָ㣿˲ָƽһЩͬʱЩŽɵ˸Ǹоһĺ
ݵǸˣħ壬һӵʦˣ
ոŤݺͷŭƼȷŭʵȴڰвɱǴ˵ù磬Ѿˣ
ٿڵķߣɫ䣬ޱƽӡ˸оз䣬Ļ̫ˡ
ˣ
Ǳˣ
ߣѾǸϲĳǸŽɵĽˡ
¿ŷߣʧ֮ɫһɾ׶ôȻʦƣڶѾ߽ɱĿˡ
ΪѾûбҪˡ
ǹȥǸߣȻĻѾˡôҲ;Լ˵ǡ
߻˵ʲô¶֪Ϊʦ̫˽ͽܡ
ոճīʱȻе㲻ţ˳īĻ棬жôϣīĻǴİΪ˷񶨳īǲ飡
ңûħ塣ӣ̾Ϣһ÷ǳ˻ƣҲ˽ħ塣
ǱߵķһĿܣ棬Щֲ̿ҲԴͷʵʦ˽һͽܣͬҲޱ˽Լʦ
˽⣬໥ġʦһ֪Ǵʲô
仰˵ʦͽˣʵȶԷԼ˽Լ
һûѪȴȫѷɫѪĸ顣Է߲жϳﲻԾľ磬׵ĸоʦҪȥĵطЩԡ
ľըˣ
ϵȷܲʦġѡʦܱʲôӣһ˵ʦԶẦҲһԶẦʦʦ
ʦˣ
ѾǸһˣ
ȻҪԼ
ƾʲô
߹ƫ˲䱬ǣֱӷˡҺԥĶʦ֡
ΪѾʼңôƻҲģ
˿ʦĻзǳмǿһȴûдϡ
ħ˵ĳ࣬ʵࡣԽǸ߹ħ壬ǵĳ࣬Խǽӽ塣Ҳһ⣬ЩûƯв߹ħ壬ȫǺ֮ǣǰѪūħ֡ԷйǶħڲĲ˵࣬ƽҲԼʲô仯оԼ츳ʡԶʤǰ
ķ죬ʦⷬһֶûȥһЩϵ伮洦õĶħ˵ֱЦһ
²ûֹͣǼ˵ѪūͱħֵˣȴԶ֪ǵ걾ʣѾ˱仯ʿɵģÿһˣһĸ塣ãǻ˼룬ӱ˵ɵġħ塭ʵǡ
üʦ˵λɲʲôϵ伮϶еļءʹû˵ƾʦ˽⣬˵ѡ
˵ħıʣʵħ֮¡ϣħ壬ûԼĶ˼룡ȥÿһħ壬Ҳһĸ壬ʵϣһħҪôħµħ飬˲䡭ħƿأʱʲôѾԼ˵ˡ
ΣɫЩѿ˵һ䡣
ǲΣû취֤֪ǵ죬Ҳˡ¿ŷߵְɣӡһˡ
ڽҷ֣һͼҪȦʱˣЦſԼʦҪһʼȰҷ֣Ҫңһĵĸһ˽ħ壬˽ħ壬жĲͬ
ʱһ𣺡˽ħ壬ħ˽ħ塣˽ħ壬Ҫȫö࣡
īΣ˵ߵС
ܶŽɵĵӿīȫޱȸӡˣǻǳͷСΪ˵ǰħˡǲףǰѾħ
˼ȡ֣ˡ
ȻԮЦţϲ޾ɫҾ˵ƾʦһˣ¡ȻǱɱΡңո˵Ĺħ飬Ҳ̵İɣôƭңˣţӣ
߹ȻȻһڽг˳īݡܳīûпԼݣһӽгݣҲ˵ƽ߶Ҳ㹻˽⡣
ƭ㣿īĮȻһЦ֪ʦĸжȻҾѾǷϻһһеɱʦ˺ܾãŴӦģĿģҪ㣬֪ӣ֪㲻ͷҪӡԪ񡣵ȻΪں˵˵˵ֱɱʡµ
߿һǱߵ£ȻЦſųī⻰ţʦˡȴǱɱˡУƾʲô˵˽ħ壬ȫöࣿ
߲޴ɾҩˣʵϣԴӸոʦ˵ǷЩֹˡٽЩϹŵ伮˵ħĸֲֿ֮һ֣ǿơ
νĿƣʦ˵ôǡôˣѾ׼𾳽磬ҲεļԼûвκ⡣
ԣ߹ǺܲġҪ˵ңó֤
˵ʵīһ㶼̸ΪµɱҲµķǱߣǱߣֻԻߵһֶΰˣΪһߡ
£ī¶ȥˡǲΣ·߻ῴ
ɱ󣬾ڷ߽£
īѧϰĸַԹһԷ
ͬͨˮīķˮƽѾԽ䷨ʦ̫ˡ
Ƿܿģ
ԣīͷ̸ʲôʧЩ񣬳īһ
һ۷ߣȻ̾һ֪ħʲô𣿡
΢΢һЦԭҲǸӣȻħ֪Ҹ㣬ħħߣ
ֻһôīЩĿŷߡ
ʲô˼ü
ħʵħħǺڰ֮أ겢ûо׻ƴĽѣԣǵ𣬺ܶࡣī˵


1283 ƫ
īĻʯ쾪ڳˣȫ𺳵ˡ£֪顣
ħ֮һֱҪ뵽׻ƴҪΪǵ֮أǳӣ˵ȣȣ磡˵ûĵطǳԭʼīŷߣȻ׼ôӦ֪ʱɣ
ģɫĵͷ֪
ҾͲ׸ħĻˣϸ׻ƴĺʱǳӽī˵
⡭ôܣһš
īû˵ħһֱҪһԪǰЩʱ׻ƴûбǵҲкܶࡣԣǼûκϣɱǸʱħսƽദȻֻ׻ƴռһĽ顣⽨飬Ȼ׻ƴȱܾˡΪħ䣬屬սʵҲ֤ȱľܾǶԵġ
ߴţȻǵһ˵£ʶģ˳īĻ
ЩˣҲȫţҲϣһ˽ħ徿ʲô
ħͣսǶʱҲйһʱ໥ںͽҲΪʲôϣħ壬ˡֲħֵĸԭ򡣡īŷߵ˵Щħ崵ţʲôʱϵħǺ󲻿һħ嶼
㡭ô֪ôࣿô֪ǲں˵˵ߵʵѾ˳ī˵ǺܲʣҪóīó֤
ī̾˿ħħӵɵġһ£Ժħ顣ûʲô˰ɣ
ҡͷ
ī˵൱УĸԸͶħһʵħǱߣҲкܶħ飬֮ͶǣȴͶѽħ壬ʸͶģʵҲֻħˡܲɣҾʶһħ
ī˵ţҲЩꡣԭ治֪ô࣬ħħķʽ̫ү˵ġ
뿪֮󣬳īȻڹʱЩʵһСʲôģֻǴ󲿷ССҲûô̫⡣
ֱʱīЩС棬ܿܲĳʼѰҵħû
ʱǸħʱʲôҲû˵īΪһʿĹž֮ĶΪ֮ǰλħѾȷ˵ᴫħĴСԳīҲû⡣ֲȱʿĹʮʱĳīͳԲ͸ﻹȤȥѧµģ
֮󣬳īųһͷ亹ͬʱԼ̫֡Ϊ棬ʲôžһħİٿȫ飡
ϸŸħ壬ǵֶΣħķ飻ħļܹޱ꾡
һħ壬δгī˽Ķࡣ
ʲôСһݹص޷ݵĴ
ħ˵ٶˣ
㡭ƭңīʶһħô˵ո˵Щȫģ
ֲ̫ˣ
ⲻҪĶ
Ҫħ彵䣬ҪħʵԼеĺܶ౧
ī˵Լ׼𣬵ʱ򶼻Ϊħʵָƨı
㿴īֽһӡ
߷ʶľҪݣ漴عȻĿųī㡭ô
˵ʶһͶħġī̾Ϣ㻹ͷ𣿡
ңҲʰŭֱ
ӣͷɡǱߵ³Ĭ˺ܾã˵
䣡
ֱӶԳīˣ
һʯ쾪
û뵽ʱ򣬷߾ȻԳī֡
Уһѽ͸ĳììһϢûɢǵ׿Ŀһ
ѳìȴޱȷ˲̵īǰ
Ǳߵ£һСģ
īʵһֱأΪ֮ǰͨ£Ѿ˽һʲôˡ
ƫԸԴ
ڷ߹ĶƫôôɴĶʦ֣Ϊ϶ʦ
ϣ
߱
һն
նʱһ˵ľ죬һɺֱ˷ȥ
ŽѾĹŽ˲߽⡣
ЩѾ˳ԶĹŽɵӣ׷׿ѪмΪ͵ģ
׼㼶սʵ̫£ĵ㺮
ŭ𣺡˵ģΣͷҾͻΪֻҪΪҲħҿײһԼ
īȥ߷磬ҪīǱ׷ȥԵĻҲԸڹŽƻ
Ͼļ԰
飡
飡
飡
飡
ĵ˳ĸ򣬽ŷߵŸȥ
âٶж죿һʿ޷϶ȷ죡
ߵΣ˲䱻ĵס춯صŭ𣬷ǳŭȫû뵽ɱ
âУȻĴ
һȫİĵֵȻڷѸٵ߽ĵ÷߼ȷŭֻ֣̿ϵķŭ
׳գΪΪڵħ־ͻᱻΪħֵħûǿͿԽ䷴ƣֱɣ͵ȼħ壬µħ֣ҲƲˡֻħ㣡Ϊ𣬺ǺǡܳɣҲħָӷḻϰˣīɱסķ߶С
˵˵߸š
ֲħֵ˸ͲҪֵһֵظƽֵأʳһģʳĶ٣ȫȡǿأֵصˡī˵ţȻ˵ҲûָšִԲˣӦȥɣֻгһգܹҵƽ֮죬ʲô׵ġ
˵䣬īʼȫ߶
ĵ᲻ɴݣɢĴϢȫ档ϵ߽ĵС
̲סݺᡣΪΪԥΪľᡣŽ١˼ԪЩϽ߽⣬˶ϱڲԫ
ԭͲĹŽɵӣոһ£߰˸˵ľ͸ˡÿ˵϶ˡ
Դ˿ûȥɱеͽһۣһȺƽˣʼЩصˡ
ɱеķߣŭţīûģȻɱңҲֹħ彵䣡ħĹԣһҫ׻ƴ֮䣡
һһһģȫɱɾ²УսԶҶǵͷī˵ţˣԶᶮʲôʲôϣ
˵䣬īȫ߶ɱ󣬿ʼĽɱߡ
ߵųƶ£ڴ˿̣ȴȫûáΪסˣ
Ȼӵ׼𾳽ʵȻûá
ĴĥĵС
⣬ߣݺĴǿߣؽʦ


1284 һħ
һźɫģϸСģͬСһӣƮƮƮģƮûһһѹӢӣ絴ȴû˿ĺۼ
īϵĲȴһɳȵ˲ʹī
ʾΨмΣյ£ŻͻȻ䱬˾˵
ǣΣĶ
ī΢΢ü
ǿӴ˿̣ѾƮƮ˾īʮĵط
ֱ˸һССĻ𻨡
ž
Ȼ󣬻һˡ
գӸµųīԼڷеģߡ
һ΢ЦĿųī
īɫЩӵĿǰˣǵһμôһȡ
ħ֣īʵ
ǡ̹ȻĵͷҲǽѧ
ѧ
ҵλ棡
Ҵֶλħ档
Ȼλ̫үžųϵơǳīԼµֻܽܳէһˣΪǽλ̫үˡ
ԣһ۾ϳˡ
㲻ǽѧī˵
ʱ򣬷еķߣҲͻȻֹͣ棬Žѧ֮ɫ
׼ĵкȫǿŵ˵κһܹ׼𾳽ˣǾţǻĳЩһ㣬ڼϣƶ
߸ӵĿ档һӣƮһ⣬Ȼ󣬱һˣ
ʲô
ʲô
ħ֣
ֻħ֣
ħ̹ȻݣͬʱǿԼҲǽѧʱ򣬷ߵһģڳ˹ȵס
ʣԸ
ȴòϣħһ죬Ǽǳ⣬ħֱ᳹ȥżһСȫ䣬ȥ
Ȼأ
Ȼһĳ
߲Ըȥ룬Ҳȥ룬ǰʵȴƵȥ⡣
ȻҲңˣȴһңָоϸ룬⣬ֱ衣
ħֻɵĽ潪ѧ棬ǳţЦݣϷ·ûմȾ㷲Ϣ
īףеķף·ĹŽɴ¡ͬҲסһصصħ壡һʿѪΪʳħ壡
һӣںʵġУ˲˽潪ѧϵȫУȫ䡣Ҳȷǽѧ
һħ彪ѧ
ͲǽѧǼҽҵ档ҵλ׼潪ѧѾˣˡɢƬؼ䡣
ǰѧһģһӵȫˣֻһӡһħ֣
ָо̫ãīֲĸо
еķߣȻֹͣ˵ֿ૵δ𣿡
īͷǵģ⣬δ
ɱңҲҪӣ䡭ֻһңֻһߣϳֵڶߣīɱңڷУȻ
ħֻɵĽѧ˵ͬĻһΣһ˫УѾʼݻɭȻ
һƲĺڰ磬ֺк£ɽӴس֧顣һ⣬ǻ̺ŵĴ׼ս
ħ磡
ħǸп硣
ħֵݻ
Ҫ磬Գī𹥻
īĵһͬһĵ
ħҪԼĵĥī
ħֳˡ
УǸֲĺڰ磬һӸֳӲƬУٳһոµλ棡
죬죡
ֱӽīӲС
ħֵĴ˵
īĿħ֣ƾߺˮ죬ҲմȾ֣
ЩЩףһӽīһ룬ͻлޡͬ
ħЩԾеɶѣôе
ī΢΢һЦ˫߱죬һȴǳУҲ˽ı顣һޱ棬ޱȻ
Ŷħ֣һѹ˹ȥ
һȴҪն죬֮ձֱӻն롣
ħֵϣҲ¶ǰδе֮ɫ˫֣ӡͬʱеĺøӼױøȡֱӴӻʵһԶź硣
䣡
еĺųīкȥ
׷죬Ҫһճޣ
һΣǺǳףīý˺ܶ࣬һڲϵĽӽС
īĵħ֣кԶһξ롣
īĶͷϣѾԳһѪһ˲䣬һµľ硣һ㣬﷢һŭȣɱ
䣡
ޱɱ˳߱кȻ
ǳīһΣ߱еɱıƳ
ԭޱȻһȻӿ졣
һâ
ʱۺ棬Ѿ޵ĽӽīۿšҪīɡ
꣡
īһֱӶħֵϣһͷĴ졣
ħֵţ˲䱻ˣѪԽһ׼ѪǽѧѪ
ѪޱȳأÿһΣԻٵƬɽӡ
ħֵԴѾ߱쳹
ֻ۾Ȼݻħ磬ȻڹīˣûзҪųīһ
䣡
Ǻǳףڽīû
ۣ
ħֵ壬Ҳڱīһն
Ȼ»һűնӣԲ˼ٶȣ˺գҪӣ
һ
һּߵĵ
ħֱݻ
ߣУīһߣУֱӳֻ޴ƥƣӣȫץС
һΪħڷγɵĴͻͻƣҪȥ
ħֵǳǿƺûΪһΪͽǵǿȣǳ׺ݣÿһľ졣ȻһǳҲײ
ȻǳīҲĵĸоħֵ̫ǿˣ
ղסĸоˡ
ħ֣Ҳ·˾ģҪͻƳط룬ڸīƴ
īüһȻſڣûзɳ

ԶµȫĿɿڴ
ѾѳīʿΪīĲѾȫԸ׼ƽƽҪ΢߳ôһ㡣Ȼīıָˣ
ͨҪǸʩչİɣ
ڷеķߣҲŷˣ׳īǾ䡰ֱɱǸʡµԣһʵʵڵĻ

һΰ˲佫Ƭؼ
Уһɼǿľ֮
ⲻһֵΪƺûַȴȫѷɫκεһֵ
ֻɵĴУħֵ·һӱʮ֮һøӱӷĳƺʶǿҵΣ

īһ˵
ʱƬؼ䣬Ѿһ
˸
Ϊеӳ֡
أ
īһ˵
Ƭأա


1285 
ֻԭħ֣ѹ£ֹͣ궯ڳīɵĴеĴת֮ǰɢǹҲȫȥ
īҲ˿ԣһֱûȥոʩչЧȥȻܾˣոһͬķҴʩչЧ϶ã
ԣħֱ̫ǿˡ
·һ㣡
óīһͷǽƹȥ㽫һħĽٵ䣬սУҲôˡ
£ͽˣǸСУԼһֱûеõϢƺ·ûߡ
īţϵĶȴûͣ
ţīֱӣ׼ͷʱϸоһ¡Ҫħϣ̽ħһЩϵܡȻϣܲ󣬵ʤħһ֪
īǽӽ˻¯УΪµһ¯¯ķҲ൱ǿġȿûа취
ƽһ֮󣬳īصǰһѾĥɵķߣû˵
ŷ󣬷ߵӵĹâųī˻Ƶĵбħֵˣʵֽ֣԰ɣ
ȳīش𣬷߱Թ˵Ҳ˵Ѿˡħ壬ͨħ֣ѾԳɹĻٵʿȻ󡭡Բϵǿʵⲽ塭̫
ıԶѡī˵
ߵͷǰӸԡ˵ţƽĿųīҪӡңֱɱңڵǿħ֣
ʱѾŽǱߵ飬߷һ˵Ŀŷеķߡ
ڷУ¹򵹣ߵݣдȻվ˵ԲʦѾУΨһϴˢϵ񡣡
ʦûйֹ㡣µУҲˮ䡣
īħ֣ɱģʱɱġɱ㣬ħֱȻһǸոǿħһӣȻ󡭡ڱҷӡ
еķߣ̲ס췢һŭ𣬺
վڳīԣ̾
߷йˣϵľҲһʧˡȻˣ˲˺ܶꡣԳī˵ӡҰɡһ󡣡
īͷ˵
гһգҵƽķǣҷߣԸЧµүүߵȺˣΪһԱսΪӳ󣡡һ˵š
ڳīԣصͷȻˣȴоޱȰοΪһĺӣվһа֮ͽ
īͷɡ
ߵϣ¶һ˿Цݣ˵˺֮ܶ󣬵ѾɱħֵʱȻҲƽ֮΢΢һ٣Ŀһʦͳī˵ǾͣɱңҵҲҪΪһ㡣
µӣ΢΢һˮ䡣
ī̾ϢһȻͷҴӦ㣡
ãߵϣ¶ı飬Ȼ󳹵׷˵ֿɳīʩչֱͨӽӡ
ħⶫҲ֣ѡļֻҪţͻһֱݷڼڣκζֻҪһħʧããС
ħַǳó䣬Ҫҳֱ̫ˡ
ΪħֵϣħϢûУ
ոǿžǣڳīĴͻģȴûɢһħϢ
ǳīϴŲԼԼݣô뵽ȺУҲûܹϳǵ
⣬µһ顣
¿ųīַӡ˷ߣһ˵̾ϢѽֱӴ߰ɡڹŽ¶ˡ
īͷӡķֱ뵽統С
ʱ򣬶Գīȭл֣ҲлѶСͽһС
ˡīȭ
ôһ죬ŽɣԸһ𣬹ֿͬ¸Ž˵Ҳϧ
īѾȥµĻȻصĶߡ
粢ڰվ
īŰϸˮһϢ취ϵʵӣȻԼʱ䣬ڻм棬
ǱߵˮҲϰ˳ī֡ûֱӻһ䣺á
ī󣬳һȥ
ЩΣգѿ״̬Щ飬Ҳȥ˫Ѫȣǧָ·ޱȹ¶ֻʣһˡīĽŲҲͣ
壬ֻ̫мǧˡڶｮ֮ϣļֱȱȽǣٻ˹עǡԼҲ
ԵļûһҲаǧԼңвƫϵһƬϡԼռżĽ
ף⼸ｮҲһǿĵ۹ˡ
磬ԣֻмｮԼңһ۲۵С塣
ûҲûʲôĸ֡ǿģƺֻһ쾳ʿ
ɾһУȻһħֵʿԼļ顣Ϊħֵģǵһλ档һλУѾ˺ܶ档
ڼīʱԼҵļһãȻʾīҪҵλ棬ܶܶǰѾˡ
Լҵļʮ꣬òţ档ҲΨһǿߣľ硣Ȼû˵ī˭֮ʵʵشī⣬Ϊīֱͷų˿ֲϢ
ûϢƭˣΪûҪ
˵Լҵλ棬Ѿ˺ܶꣿȷī΢΢üͷ
֮ǰЩϢжϳλɱӦòû˵ѣûбҪרһСļˡУλ潪ѧҲãǷҲãʵϣȫѪħѪū
һ㣬֤һ£ѪħȻû𾳽磬սҲѰ׼ܱȵģ
ѪħѡѪūõħħ屦ˡ϶ǲġ
ԼҼһĪĿųīȻȻȷλƷ湩ţĻ񡭡
ʱ򣬳īȻüһԼҵ÷ȥ
㣬ҪʲôԼҼסʱЩˣȻɢϢе־壬ҲôԼҵذ
īһƬ½Ƕץգۼ䣬ʧȥ˳īӰ
ţԼҵطһȻ졣
ԼҼ̲סһţȻֹһ˫۴Ͽգгţ૵棿⡭ôܣ
֮Զλӡ̣Ϊλ棬ԼʷϣΪ޵һ콾ԼҵĽ
ʱѾﵽ˵۷ĲΣ
ԼҼҲʱ̾Ϣûٳţˡ
һѾȥڣȻֳǰֳ𺳣ֱԸӵġ
ԼҼһʱ


1286 
ԼҵˣҲȫżһȻ׵׷ʲô飬оӡ
ھȻֻˣ
ǰı첻Щܴȵģ
̫ˣȻˣ
ողǽȥһˣͻˣѵһֱΪ̣ڱӻǼ壿
һȺԼҵ˹С˽š
ԼҼ̲סͷһۣʱֹͣˡЩеĺ棬ȴǿҡ
һѾ˶棬ΪʲôͻȻ临ˣ
īʱҲϸ죬΢΢üͷǰħֻɵԼ棬ѾûʲôֵûɵˡǣѪħ浱ΪʲôҪħһ˵
壬ǰˣҲκε֮
Ȼܹ۷徳һʿ˵츳ôǣ֮ǰīЩˣȫ׼𾳽ĴܡҲ˵Ѫħ浱ѰѪūʱ۹൱ģ
ټħֵļӳ֣ϣЩȫܹԽΣ̤뵽׼ѵѪħ濴۵Ľ
īĿλħֻɵԼ棬ԷͬҲĿȻû˵еɱȴǳԡ
ţħֻɵԼ棬һ˫Уֱݻѽ
ÿһѽһ磡

ˣīΪʲôѪħ浱ѡһˡ
һĽţ
ֻеĲΣڽϣȴѾ̤뵽
ɱ
ʱԼħʮֱ³һ
һֻУȻһѳ
ǿڽޱȷ񣬶̺ſֲɱ⣬һ⣬˲īüġ
֮ûնգȴȫ̲ѽڲһҪӾˣ
īָһһָ磬ֱӴȥ
ϣ
ѽʱһ֮һ˳ѽĽϱ
һͲʲôö
ŵȺԼʱҲѾоԾˣȫƴԶȥ
һʶҲûУΪʿҲħ嶼û˵ħĵͱ־ǼСˣܲµô¡
ѽīôһֱָƫ˷ųīԶա
Լħ΢΢һΪֻڳīϸܵϢȴԷȻôǿһʱЩˣֻһѽ
ҪһֻݻĽҲʱ򣬳īΣȴȻ俿
Ȼ̧־һ
ħֵսȷǿʱȻܿҪīһڼϡ
꣡
һֱֱۣӱ䳾
ħַһҺȻ߶Ҫһ첲û뵽ǣīһУ̺ǿķ򣬲ƻ壬ûа취ڶʱһȫµֱۡ
ħִ󺧣ˡ
īȴһݵĸȻһ
꣡
ħֵһֱۣҲī䡣
ħڱˣֱۣӽһֻǰѽͬոǰѽһѽɱī
īֱӼ¯¯֮ī廤ʵʵͣ߱ȥնħֵȣ
īҪһʵ飡
뿴ħֻɵˣ׵þĴŻ»ħ֡ǻԵַͨʽϱȶԷöԷлһӡ
νľ飬һ۳ġȻĻʲô̸֮
۷徳ħ֣ȷȫǳīĶ֡һʿȻͬ׵ľҲҪѽ¡
ϧǣԵǳīĽȷڳīǰûκʩչء
꣡
һȣīնϡ
ͬҪͲܡīǿķҪǶʱܳɹġ
꣡
һȣīնϡ
ħֻԼ棬׵׵ĳһ˹
һȣΧųīɱѳֱӷɻص嵱Уֱӿʼȼ
һ˲䣬ͽϲŵڳīķյһ룡
֫˳
Ϊ˸Ĵۣȴ൱صġΪѽѾʧˡ
ţħתܡ
ʱ򣬳īôֱܵ׷ȥһͻһΡ˵֫ն䡣
ħڷһߵŭ𣺡Ҫɱɱ˼𣿡
īѾ֤ʵԼеֲ²⣬ֻҪħֱƵ·ȥǲ»һӵģ
ˣһӶѣʲôˣī˵ţȻֱ֣ѹû֫ħ֡УħֹȻûбһӣȻڷķڳīǰһжͽ͵ġ
īյൽԼе¡Խǵ˸߾磬ЩԽǿ󡣹ؼǼһ𣬱ɺϻī󲻵Ŀֲܡ
һ㣬¾ǵЩʦǣҲδ뵽ġ
һУԳīɵӰʵ̫ˡһֱ죬ڻ档ĳīҲ˹ȺʦǶԼ޽ӵìԴںδ
ȺˣʹʿһȺˣԼУƫƫѪ
Լүӵӣ
¾үӣûǺܶ꣬ᷢ顣
ЩջǿүӵϣԼ޴İī絽ֺγһֱ
ѹԼҵ֮󣬳īֻԼҼһϢȥ֪ࡣ뿪
ǸӡԼ棬Ҳͬīӽ˻¯Уû¯ɡ
óŰ壬ˮȻѾϢ֪Ѿҵʵӣгī֮ظ˫Լʱ䣬ͿԼˡ
īһ䣺ʱʱ䡣
ŰǱߵˮ˲ͻظˣȥһֱǡ
ãԼǱߣ磬ڻĻ³Ǽɡ
³ǣ
ǰ㲻֪³ǼҪȡϳǣʿȫԸۼ³ءˮܿظ
ţҺܾûôעеˡīһ䡣
̫ۣ粻һ˵硣ҪԼϼôصĵӡ
֪ˣ㱣ء
ī˵ţ͹رŰ塣
ȻԶϦЩ
ȷһ˵磬ȴҵļ磡̫йصˣ޾ս֮Уǣƾһ˵ȷۡ
ī΢΢һ̾漴ֶ־૵Ҳһˣʵ̫ˣڸһ飡ңҲ¶

ңԶİ
Ѫħĵ̵С
һž޴ǳ֮ϣһɸߵĹ档
Ѫħزˣڶġ
ȻѪħ΢΢һüƽϣ¶ջ𣬽һӣˣ
زֺǺһЦ²˵²
Ѫūֱ˸ɵһѪħûزֵĵЦɫ˵
ѪūزҲüͷ
ţ϶ĸѪūңģѪħһߺޡ
زü㲻˵ħֺôûɱ
ѪħȻǵȻħûɱȴԱѹ
ز˵£ʮа˾ǳīǸСġ
Ѫħ˫УȻĹâݻ磬˲ī


1287 
زֿһѪħ棬΢΢һüңЦİɣôڣֻҪסķ󣬵ħ٣ǵĸ֮աˣҵħ֣ʱҲһŵīУܷʲô仯
ħֿԸīҵģѪħ溮˵
زЩɻĵΪʲôīҵĳɱȸˣ塣
Ҳ۲ǣѪħ˵
ǵǡֶҲֻӹ˲ҪȻǲҪģΪԼ͹ˡزֵ˵
ۡѪħ˵
㣿زֿѪħ棺ΪЩѪū֣ȷеۣϾħ֮ҲҪ˹ġ
ЩʵûʲôļһпޡѪħ浭˵ͦǣѾûôҪˡ˵ģԼ͹ˡ
ΪʲôزһɻĿѪħ档
˵˵Ѫħ̫࣬ӾҲҪȫѹѪħ档زֶѪħȴʮء
о仰дΪʦزֵУѪħһĴߣһԪǰѪħĳɾͣδػѷɫЩž޵Ĵǣһ㣬пܸλү棡
Ѫħ漸ɵ̤λһ츳
˲֪زȴĴûȫ׻ָδסѪħ棡Щ׼ѪħǰֵĻᶼûУ
ҲΪʲôزָѪħƽ۽һԭ򣬻ˣزּǵΨһŵô
ѪħĿԥһ£ˣδػ˵زȸһӪģ⡭Ҳؼһ㣬Ȼе㶪ˣ˵һҲûʲô˲á
ұСӲˡѪħ̾Ϣһҧ˵ꡭ
ȵѪħ˵Ļ֮ز˶Щסˣǳ鴤ţĿĿѪħ棺˵īɵĻˣ
زֵȷǱˣѾ㹻߿Ѫħ涡ˣƽཻ֮ȴû뵽Էع֮£ȻлɵҲһ㡭ͳɹˣ
ǳīǿѪҲܿ¡ܽҾãһгɵĻġѪħ浭˵˵ˣҲܸ㣬֡
زâ˸һĨͷһˣǱͬҵľáҲҳ׻ָս֮ǰ˯̫ˣԴЩˣȻû뵽⣬ֻŽһˡ
زȴڴӦţȻ͵Ѿڣģ϶ѹǳī
ѪħһЦݣǾͶлˣȴЦز֣㲻һ˯ʮųѣԸʲô˼ȻĻһףħ󷨡һԿӣ
ǿߣǵŵǿߣ޴ĹУ¡
ѽϢݵħǱߣ͵ħĽˡ
ѪħҲãزҲãѡħʽǸӸ߼ķʽħ壬ܹģҲΨλΨһԣ޾ħĽ١еӸЩħȥ档
øǵ棬һ㶼١ʵϣҲ١ֻһħءѾһĹˡ
ԣʲôҲԳΪħӢۣ
ȴͽİ࣡

ʱܾãīһν뵽磬һ˷ǲ׺ɣĸо
֮ǰڻǵЩУкܶ൱ʱҧгݵķģһҪݺݱȥġʱյݵλҲ豨ȥˡϹټִǰеǿƿµļ壬ǰҲֻеͷķݶ
ȻδػﵽֵزֻҪīɿڣǱ߾Ի⡣
īȻǸСۣҲȥԼĳұʲô⡣ʶĻӽʵʵŻáǲʶ࣬īҲһɫ
ΪҺᣬ嶯Ҳǣ
˭˵뢾ͲƢˣ
Ļ³УҲ٣ףɾʿ
һ·ȫһˣͬҲȫ˺ܶ츳΢һεʿˣ㣬Ҳñȴǰ˺ܶࡣ
֮ǰ³Ǹոսʱ򣬺ܶ˶ڻɸīйأĽʡҲȫʧˣἰ
ī֮ǰԼõ¥ֱӽȥĻֱӭЦеĵ͹á
ī΢΢һǰȻǸʿҡһɾʿ
ʲô³ǵĵ棬ӦöǽôôʿСȻǸɣڵɶֵزˣ
ǿīı飬ɾĻҲе㲻˼ͷһӵĵǻԵɺϣáٺ٣·̤ɾ磬ҵļ塭ûǮҼԣֻ
СһͲ󣬳īòһۣ΢ЩȣȻһɫƷѪʿһŵʡֲܴӴ޽ֱ̤ɾ硣ԭҲһ۲۵š
е˲ŹȻ̫ˣһЩ벻ķ֡
ī룬ЦûϵܿʲôֻҪǿԼ˫֣£Ǻġ
¶ЦݣллĹ¿ǲġ
ţһ죬ΪǿߡīĻƵļȻԳȥ
һЦݣļˡ֮ǰˣʿ֮ȻҲֳ˺棬ġȴһֵڹĲмԽī֪ĸо
عͻȻЩ㤣ԷҲһɰΪʲô·һԳĸоԾǿߵĸо
ϸ
ָо
ˣǸȥˣ
ƽĿͶЩֻɵϣЩֵϣȫżֹЦݡ
Ʋ֪īݣЩȴоˣԭƹҲмֿ𣬵ڣһ̬ȫˡ
˴ءһֻɵŮ΢Цŵ
ǵأ˲ʵӵķ䡣һֻɵŮ˵
Ĵʶкô֮ǰǸֻɵŮ˵
ͷ˵ʲôʶҲʶģ

ʵӿųīϴżָӵı顣ЦȻָīһ裬˵һ벻ӵٶȣȻ쵽ֵزһͨʿӣȴѾվ۷֮ϣΪ뢡ǿϲɺء
īŲʵӣ΢ЦŵȡЦѾΪˣһء
ʵӿЦ쾳ʿڹǿôɾ硭˭ôΪ
īһЦˣǶ㡣ҽ㣬µġ
ǰû£ôʵʵһԹ˵
īǳ˳飬˵ҸһֱͲôðɣ⻰īǲ˵ڵġŲʵӣ˵֪Ķ


1288 ʵ
ʵϵԹʱʧһգصĿųī΢΢üȻܾòһֱйĶʱ䣬ٲѶšȴ˺ܶ飬˵һЩ壬ħˡȻЩҪô⣬Ҫô°ɣ
һΪеŮӣҲܴͨһЩϢƶϵӽϢȴǲ´˳ī⣬Ҳȫ´Ϊйϵġ
īЦģҪȥȣȥ鷳ġ
Ŷʵעųī˵һ֣뵽еǳ׵ķգҪҺȵĿģ˵һ𣿡
ī룬˵¹һ󡣡
˻
ʵӶʱһɴ˫ۣһ𾪵Ŀųī㲻Ҫң˵һںȣ
˼īҡͷЦǺ棬֪Ϣ
ʵüϸųīı飬ã˵˵Ǻ𣿡
ֵīЩˣŲʵӣôµģ
һ뵽Ϊ棬ʸ֪ˣҲֻкˡʵӺȻųīһЦΪͽѽ
ʲôīǳ˳飬Ȼ˲ʵӼۡ
𣿵ʵʵЦ˵ҪȥȣɲףΪǷյġңʦʱ䶼ڱչϣҪٻ롭ҪͻƣԣδػԸˡңҲѾܾöûмʦˡ
£ϵ硣ī˵
ףҶ˼Ҳͬܵǡӣһ£϶̫ʵӵ˵ʵʲôӣȣӦȫһطΪȴĳ̶ֳ˵ӽӽħһЩô˵ɣӸ˵һ壬ħ塣
ī
ʵӿųī˵ʵںܶԪǰħѾ׻ƴţǸʱ׻ƴһġ걸ĵĴ硣
ǣʱ׻ƴ򡣡īͷ
ʵӽŵǸʱ׻ƴǿƣħȻǿҲҷҺʲôֿںţȻĻͱˡ
īЩҲȷӦ
׻ƴĹ򣬿϶ǲô߼Ǹʱͬĵһ׻ƴ̫ˣ
īϡǵãڹʱɽеλ˵Ļƺ˵ʱ𣬶ƹŰĽ֣ڽ쿴Ҳ̫ɣ
ĸ壬ƹｮ
һԪǰǸĻԻʱһƹܰｮ˵ʲô
ֻ˵Ǹʱ̫ˣ
һԪǰһս׻ƴˣ
Ҳеĸ֣ȫˣ
׻ƴʱĹ򣬵ȷѳ֮ϵǿߡڵʱҪ̤𾳽磬ȴرѣ΢һļ壬϶ôһλ档
˵֣𣬾ͳ
һѾʧʷĳˡ
ʱ򣬳īȻ˵ʱɽеλƺ˵ʮԪīȻЩԾڲͻȻӦǸʲô𣬿һ׼ʥҩпǡʥҩ
ȻôܻôõĹ
ī̲סЩꡣ
Ĳʵදǻħ嶼ǰڳһС̬׻ƴӴʱ׻ƴʿİҲǿûΪħϵħǡֻǰǵǸްֲԴһͬʡ
īͷ뵽ְģԴޱǿţû֡ħԷ족ţİݣ
ʵӼһ壬ʵǲǸʱ򣬴ħǨ뵽׻ƴġΪħƬпĴϣû˺һռ䡣ΪΪƯԺһħĺܼ
׻ƴ֮󣬻һ㣿īʵ
ô˵أ϶ħҪãʵЩ˵ƯʱһԺһ˺ȣٻߡ
㣬ʵҲںȣǰɣīʵ
ʵȻһЦ
Ȼīĵѹд󲿷ʿ֪ʵӣˣȴ֮١
Ҳһ·֮󣬳һΡʵЦ˵·ֵ֮һʱȥˡ
ѹһϢûīЦŵ
ʵ΢Цŵȵ˶̫ϲͷ¶棬ǱȽϻõ֡ţҼ˵ħ顣
īͷ
ʵ˵ħʼʵһԪǰǸսǳս̫ײˣ׻ƴǿߣ˾ųɾšʵһʼʱħҲսšΪڵʱܶħУ׻ƴͬҲǵļ԰Ҳڻս˲ء̬ȷת䣬Ǻ׻ƴ飬ħͨ׻ƴͨҲ顣ǸƻħЩǿǣ˼ҲͲΪˡǵеһЩǿߣħռ׻ƴʱû뵽ǣ׻ƴеĶǿȻʮһȻǿ󡣼ͨϣħҪǳѡǣһսûг̫ãħʧܶաҲǴʱʼħŸĶΪìܲɵ͵ͷȻ׻ƴعı䣬һӡħ׻ƴ֮ͨ
ʷܹϣʮǰڲʵӵĿ渵ڳīǰģһ˽Уȫͬħ塣
ҲΪħ˵ʵ˵ħȻѪ̣ʵǸʱǻǺܿƵġ˵ѪūʵӿųīǸʱѪūǱֹġħôֻһЩħ壬͵͵ģѪūҼħ֡
īȻʵħָħ֣ĿʲôΪ˿𣿡£λħīö棬Ҳûᵽīܺ档
ʵҡͷǡĿΪԼħֶʦ˵ڼеʱ򣬿ԿƼ塣뿪֮󣬿Ե档һջصУԻ˵ϡ֮һ൱аֶΡʵħ壬ʹֶεҲࡣ
ǰֶδħʿǰɣīɱ
ûѪħɡʵ̾ϢħʿУֶεģҲֻѪħһˡ
Ҳ֪Ѫħ棿īʵ
ʵӿųī֪ҪҼʦӦþҪ֪Ѫħʲôطɣѵ󡭡Ѫħ˵ţʵˣҲֻܲˡ£ûм뵽


1289 ʥ
īŲʵӣŷֻֻ֣գǻۣȻ˿ˮֱ̫ˣһһ㣬뵽һ޴棬Ȼ
ʱ򣬲ʵվųī΢΢ϥʩ񣺡ӵ뷨ѾˣҲԣһʱ䡣磬ʲôӣһ𸴡
ī룬ҲֻˣһȫǰԼֱӳţȷʵҲеǿѡͷǾ鷳ˡ
鷳粻ļ԰ҲǺһġһȻħ壬ħͬҲʹЩսħ塣ӿųī˵˵һ䣬һƵ޷ħȥģħпĻǡ
ʵ˵֮󣬳ųīͷƮȻȥ
īڷ˼˰Σ漴һҲʧ
ȵǸɻҪټһīʱȴַѾʧ˳īӰЩꡣͬʱҲ¶ģһҪŬ
īʱУޱס
īޱǾϲѽүˡ
īͷЦүȡЦҡ
ޱһɫĵȻүѾ֪˺ܶ飬ǳƺȻҪġСߵѾߣСߵǼүʲô
īҡͷЦҲ⡣ޱ֪淢𣿡
һ㣬ޱϲЦտǳġȻɫųī֪һЩ˵ħֿʼˣ
Ĳħ壬ˡīЦħߣסˣƴҪǵӭ硣
ƵİɡޱЦ˵һ䣬ȻĿųī˵Ҫעⰲȫؼʱ̣ͽ硣ס磬˲һͿͷҴһ׿ھ׿ھߵЩ˰ɡͬ뵽硣
ī룬΢΢üԻ磬ǲӰ죿
ô˵أʵӰ첢Ǻֻܴ磬һֱү˽ǴһʼͿ룬ôһ죬Ҫջصʱ򣬻еѡǹߵЩˣҲνˡޱ˵
īףԭ粢޷룬Ϊ̲סЦһ
ޱͷûһʥ
ʥīޱȵ𺳣һ
ޱһ۳īϵĲһϵĻ¯һԽʥĴϵ߱죬ͬӦԣûҪһʥôȡ
īĿɿڴĿޱһֱ֪϶һ㣬ȴû뵽ǾȻ˲
һȫǳԽĶ
ЩȽϲо־޴Ĳࡣ
һ磿ѪʿκһˣĴָȻǵеһЩ˻Խƫ̻ӻī磬ȴûκë
Ȼһ磬ȻһңԶԵģĵȼȲϳīеκһ
Ĳʵһ嫵Ĵ硣粨ԭ类ˡҪؽޱ˵
类飿īǵʲôս
϶ǸεսȻĻôӣޱ̾һȻ˵Ǹε飬֪ĺ٣ҲС㵱˵ġ
ޱ˵ţȻ󴫸˳īһοھţ˵סһ飬ܵʲôʱҸ飬ʵĺܡ浽һ죬һ磬Ȼߵ˽Ϊı
飬뿪ôīޱʵ
ޱһĨȻ֮ɫ¶΢ЦԼѡ񣬻һ죬ǻ뿪磬ڡ
īĿһޱҪҵİ㾡˵
İɣǵСүҪҲޱЦ
󣬳īޱȻ룬ʱûнοھߵˣΪʱ
ģһȺĵϵиһصЩˡҪһ죬īܱӻ٣;ӻ١
νѪŷɽ룬ǲǽޱµơ
󣬳ī뿪˻磬Σһŵء
һĹŵأǵò·мԪûиıˣ棬ɽ㣬£һɲ
סһ൱ϵļ壬ؼҡ
ؼҷǱؼҡؼңʫǸؼңҲǸƮŮżԨԴǸؼңɽУǸ򹴽ᣬ򵽴𾳽䣬ɶڶйӲдǸɭڵؼҡ
˵壬ī֮ԨԴеīʱɱ˵еһʱȷǳ𾪡Ҳ𾪵һΪ𾪵Ǹˣ֪ʲô̬ȥԡ
ؼҵؾԶȥһǣȺɽһƬƽԭ֮ϣƽضɭϣɢŻֺϢ
īһɽͷϣңңĿԶǡȻóŰ壬ʫһ仰ȥ
ļ棬һ棬Ѿħ塣иѪϵˣӦöѾħ塣˵Ӧô죿
ħĿ֮һħѪˣȫᱻȾӶѪūµĵطڣԼп֪ܲ顣ȫ֪ԼѾħĿܡ
ʫ
ǳīԸһ飬Ҳеͷ۵һ¡
һ²Ҫʫˣ浽ħ彵һ죬ʫӡǣ
ȥīջǾҪ¸֪ʫ˵忴ȥѾվļ塣ܻ
ŰǱߣþûж
ī̾˿ʫ˿̵ָ顣ҲһķӦ
˭ö˶˵ĹƽӣͻȻ䱻֪㲻ˡ¶ܱɣ
ڳī׼ŰʱǱߵʫ˻Ӧ
ô
һ仰ʫ˿̸ޱȵ
Ҳ֪£ʮа˾Ѿȷīص
ôǱߵʫƺ侲
ӡī֡
𣿡ʫʵ
浽ʱҲ㡣īӲĳشΪֻܾ
ãȥɣʲôҶ֧㡣ǱߴʫĻشȻţַһ仰ϾͿԷˣʱֱӰҷӡ˰ɡ
ʫȻ٣ڻͷڣħַӡȴеġ
ԣīһ˵ʫˡ
ī̾˿ʱ򿴿ɣлᣬħ彵Ƴ١
㡣ʫص


1290 ؼ
ΣЩأī̾˿վûֱؼҵĹųǣֱʩչĵУ˵һ仰
ؼңʱм˱
һߣûھʮһɽɽбչء
߾ݣһɫۣϥ֪жûж˲˫ۣų⡣һ˫Уǳڸдڿ١
һ׼𾳽ĴܣѾ뵽ܶˡһֱڱչأҪܹӾ
־ʿ˵·ǶѾҵѾ̤·عƺֻͣ統У޷ɵһ
ȴʣҪͨϵľۡʵĵµȻ̤һ٣׼棬Ҳǿһ
ںܶܶǰڵǸʱؼΪɫ콾û֮һɫһ
磬Ǽеһ
˵ת۵㣬̤۷徳ʱǸˡʱǸ˻Ѫħ棬ж㡣
ΪǸʱɫһʿȻ൱ģȻڿκˣҲʲô˶۵ġ
㲻ͬ
㣡
ڵʱѾī׼Ǹ򣬲֪ʶޱԨҲ൱ḻ
ڶϣѧ̫ණ˵İʦš
ԣһֱ죬ĿУԶĸм֮飬൱ĿУĵλȻ˿ġ
֪ħ֡
Ϊڵóħֵʱ򣬾Ѿȷĸ߹һʲô
ħ֣ħһֺаĶ
㵱ʱ̹Ȼóһħ֣˵ѾѡħҵѡħǸݵλΪЧҡ
ħû𣿡ﵱʱʶ㡣
ЦЦνħԼĵķħôûѡħҲħˣ绹𣿡
ΪȻö˵ķǳеνħ壬Ҳ岻ͬˡ벻ħʵô¡
˵ĲħôȻħߣΣ
ڶʿ˵ܶ飬ѡѡǶΪԼ԰ѱ˵ĿơһţʵҲһԸ
˵ħֵΣ֮Ҳ˵ȾѪصĺȻŸ˵ħֵĺô
ѸٵıǿͬʿѪᱻ죬ľʶøӼ̣ͬʱ㣬Ѹٵ̤ɵ֮·
ŶĻΨһǣǼѪȾħ壬Ӱ졣
ǵۺϷ϶ħֵ㣬ȴһǿͬЩʿȻǻ㣬㣬ҡ̹ȻĶ˵
ͷʦдڶʦĸԸ
¶οЦݣӰ죬ûˣһ죬ħһֱӽٵ䡣׻ƴѾˣЩѾˡħУȴȻźܶ𾳽Ĵܡԣħһͳ£Ǵơû˿ӳִơ
󣬽ħֲ޷˵ѡħ
ѾǺܶǰˣһֱ죬Ȼûκλ⡣
ԣΨʿٻ֮һ˫ֱɭɱ
վǿƾݵȴĿֲ
һȥ͵˳īǰ
ʱѾˣһ
ǣˮ
ؼң
ﻹҪܶؼҵ̴ܣ
˾Ѿٳǰˡ
ڵ꣬ҲԺյһܡõƮŮ۵ĵ㻯
ȻֻƮŮ۵һƮŮ۱ˣҲûʲôֱ
ﵱʹѪħ涡һ⣺ħ֮ĸȾµģϵġ
ʱô˵ģֻܸȾ͵ġ
ﵱʱʵؼңλ漶һħ֡λǲܴӦġ
һֱ죬λ棬Ӧöǲ֪µġ
΢΢ü棬Щ֪λ֪֮󣬻ķӦ
ʱˮؼҵͬһݵߣЩɻĿųīλҵȳ
ǲһĵᱻīϵϢɱΡܹΨ׼Ĵ֮Ǵӱչ֮غ˵īʸƽȶԻˡ
īһˮжЩ⣬ؼҡȻһûħģѵ˵ħ֮ǰѾ̤׼ľ磿
ħֿ²ϣֻܸȾԼĺħֵʱ򣬺оо糬Խ˴ڣôǸͬҲǲܱȾģ
ĺУûбǿġԣؼңûܹ⡣ΪϵЩˣȫѾȥˡ
īˮһȭǰγƺ
ǰѽˮͺãλֳǡλҵĺ󱲣Ҳؼǿʿˮ̬Ⱥܺƣһ㶼ûΪīӡ
ʵϣ涼Ѿ̫ûгˡԶؼҹų棬û֪
ȻĻ䶯ˡ
īǺһһȻĿͶʱ΢΢̾˿
˸ĮȻôʶң
ԵĻԸû֡ī˵
һԵؼ棬ᶼЩζī̬ȣ̬ȫһ
λѣô£ѵؼ˵˵ѣ˵֮䣬ʲôԹһüͷųīȻƽܸͣоЩ졣
ȷ˭е졣ӱչбѣȻֶԷ鷳ģܹ侲ԴѾǵܺˡ
λαظ˷ϻѹ˱ǡﵭ˵ü䣬һĨҪֱӶԳī֡
īվ˵Ե棬֪ħ𣿡
СӣѪˣ˵ţһֱī
׼־磬ҪϮһˣһͷ顣
Ķ̫ˣ
һ֣ʯ쾪
һƣȻһǳҲȫ޷ܡ
̺ŵķһǿҵ˺ѸУôľ롣ۿųīҪ١
һĨЦݣ˱һľһˬ
ߣԼǵĺͬҲ׼Ǿ֪࣬Σְɱ˲ɣףǵؼҵճӵô죿
ȫɱ
Ͳں֪ķӦҪΨһһ£ɱɢϢȴꡣ
ס֣
ס֣
ͣ£
ȫķӦû˵أ֪˭أôͶˣ
Уħô£ħ


1291 
ﲻûͣ£߶ȫķҪīһ£Ҫһ˰ˣ
һǿ׼ȫһīûдһתе־־
˲ͣʱ䣬Ťռ䣬Ȼ뵽ƬУﵽ˺һľ硣
һʱ䣬ؼλ棬ȫ¶Ŀɿڴı飬ǰɢϢ꣬վȴǳʧƬؼһʧȥȫϢ
Ϣڣ˻ھУ
ҲκˣȴȻûκԥһƣݺĻ
飡
īӰֱ顣
ǣӳˮУӽһʯ˲֧飬īӰҲ֧ͬ顣
ȴһãΪһƣûдκεʵֱӴˣ
ţαˡ
ʱīովĵطһȣ
ӣʱһѾ֪ûиܹͷۣȻϣһҽУ˫ֱͷ
˺Ѿʶһʹ
ţֱӷʶ־ҵʹᡣһɭĿȻվԭصĳīޱ𺳣ֱˡ
굽˭ոպȳǸ֣ʲôͨΪʲôһܣ
ЩͷһţûκԥһγīҪī׻ɱ
ס֣еϴŭһֱӳ֣Ҫ
ҲˣͬΪǶоԡ
Ϊʲô˵ħˣΪʲôķӦôңҪŪ
ˮȻûг֣ȴʼڹעš
ֵһ壬Ҳһġʲô飬ûгֹ硣ֻҪһˣ϶ֵ֧ġ
ﱻסһߺޣ棬ǲһɱˮСҪסң
֪ô¡
Ϊеһ棬ϵҲʢġ࣬ÿһ仰ȣݱ粵
ʱ򣬳īӰʼһʵͶʯˮأһָƽȻһٶȳˮһ
һֶΣؼȫƤֱ
д
ô궼һʿ۷塣ֶΣȫԽǸΣҲԽ˵ǸΡ
Ѿ漰ʱͿռķ򣬶Ļһ
ˣ¾һ׼ǰһ֡Ϊ治á
⵽Ǹʲôͷˣ
ڣȫɻ󲻽⡣
īīżˣȻĿͶܸϵϵĻӦû㣬Ǹʲôˡ
㣡
֣˵̫İеϱʿ˵֣ȴǼ¡
ǸΪž޵콾ֱѡħͳ硣Ⱥ֮ǳϱȻˡҲûгֹ
ٺϡ䣬һ֡Ѫħ棡
ô˳Ϲϵ
ȫϣһϸĽ͡
˵Ҹ֪˵ʲô
īЦЦͻȻһӡɫ˲䣬Ҫī
ӡħħ֤ԼݵҲħڣκħˣҪģ
ӡУ̲һħķħǿвĻ⵽ɡ
һ֣ʶİѳīǱѪħ涡㻹Ҫ߼ħ塣תһ룬־òԾǰһʿ
ϣ¶һĨСԭħ壡
ؼҵûôúŪȻʶħǣȴֱܷó˭˵ѡ
ȻһֱǿӲ̬ģ
гīȻȥЩͱˣ˵ĻоݣҴݵ㻻һַʽȥ˼īԱ˳ŵؼĸ׼鷳ΪԼ޵е
ī˵ģģԲԣЩ
еĴܶĮ飬ȫԼļ塣൱ؼңȻĻ־磬δطҪڼ岻ɡֱ棬ȫΪҪػ
Ǻˮ˵УҲŨŨŭ
Ĭһ£˵Բ𡭡
㡭һѪ͵³
ܰһ׼ѪҲһˡ
ǵΪҵģ¾Ҫ֣ˮס磬黹ûŪ
ҪŪʲôܣѵ㲻֪ħ֮󣬻ؼеˡȫбӡħӡҪؼˣ㣬Ǹŭ
ʱ͵̧ͷֱ棬˵ħ彵磬赲ǲģħкܶ𾳽ĴܣôʱħƬءǳѡħ֮⣬бѡ𣿡
ŭųīħأˣһȱģ
治Ķ֪֪ʲôؼҡؼһԪǰһ𾳽ͽѾߣ㣬ȻҪᣬ㲻˰Ƿŭ
ߵĶѾؼҹųǱߵĹעˣ˿ȫɫ԰סΪѾ˺ܶԻǵⷬȫڶС֪ࡣ
ʲô콵콵
̲סʹƶվˣûԸһ塣
ħ
˵򵥣˭Ȼܣ
ɫҲǣ棬µ˵ʲôҲûˡѡģԸһе
еƨλ׼𾳽ĴܣҲױŭˡνĲФཫѾǼˡȻӲħ壡
ֻ˶ֱ͸ٴ
ֱǸˣˮ̣˿Ҳ̲סŭ
Ѫһϻ˵ֻĿԾɡħֹԻѹڼΣûйϵ㣬ҲɱԼ
һĺˡ
ﵽ˴˿̣Ҳ¿ˮŲӣҪɱܣһҪޱȻԻ͵ľأ
ϻˣѹһֱӳˡ
һ֣ˮҲֱӳˡԥһ£Ҳˡ
׼𾳽֣Ȼ﹦һﵽͬ۷壬Ҳס
飡
ֱӱ飬ķѣ
䣡
ǿԪȻͬʱųģһħ֡
Ԫ˻ڲʵצĳվһûгֵĳī
īâһһ
׼ɱһԪ
ϣ
߱
նԪ
һ£


1292 ɶħ
Ǳؼλֱ棬ֱ֣ӽöͻҪߵħֿס
ȻԪ񣬱īһ롣
̾Ϣһ
ﲻ׼𾳽е۷ڣԪ룬ȻţȻ˻𡣷ţҪһգҪºһ
ʱ򣬳ī俴Ԫ˵Ѫħ涡һһû㣬ħ֮󣬻һв˵ΪħˡҲǶϣ
˵ѣԪȫû취ܳī˵
͵˵ѰɣҲ֤ī˵ţֱڴ˳֡
һ
Ԫնİ꣡
ֳķݵԪȻ˻ȻʾлĻ
ī֣Ҳ̫ˡûиκεĻᣬ׽Ԫնɱûɢ
ֱؼ棬һѹǿħ֣һĿһսǶԳīսһȫµʶ
̫ǿˣֲ̫ˣ
Ҹ˵ĸоīûоȫȻĻпһˣѹ

ͷԼһ
ʱʵѣ˵ħֵ飬ģ
īͷǧȷ
ؼֱȫһ
ˮʵǡаճӵܡֵΣ
ʱ򣬹ųǱߣҲһƬš
ˣͬȴһ㣬ס˺
ɱұ⡣ӡǰɡħٻ޷֪һ죬ֶܹҵֽ顣ī˵
ֱؼ̾ϢµҲֻ
ʱԶʣͻȻһţӷ𣬳ʩ
һɮˣ˳ߣÿһ¾Ȼ̤Žɫ

һĸɮ
ֱؼ۾˲ɴ
ʱɮ˵λʩʩС£뵣ǣƶɮϡ
īЩϲĿɣû뵽ȻɽʵСС֮ټϵǹϢƺѾʧ˺ܶ࣬ȡ֮ģǺܽӽϺеƽ͡
ķ־ˡī΢Ц˵
ңʩССֵһᡣСɮһֱ׷ѰųʩĽŲˡɵǰһţӷ𡣡
׷ѰҵĽŲīЩĿ
˵ƶɮϣܹʩһ𣬿ħ֣Ϊ磬һ
ȻãīĵĵûòȥСУΪ֪Сеķ𷨺ܾѰľ
統ɽ磬һʿͻƷȴԡ
īʵа취
˲ڿ΢΢һЦ
㲻ǲ𣿡īʵ
΢ЦԣΪħСɮѧǶħ
ǡԣī۾ȻȫɵĻȴ֪ŵȷڿ
áɿһλֱؼ棺λǰ𣿡
ǣ΢΢һüңȻСʦǳӵѣôȻԡ
ǶԳīһΣһϿɡ
īͷʾ⡣
ˮؼصĹųϿգ·ּˣʲôҪ롣״̬
淢ؼųмˣҲȫ׷ʲôȫ׼
ɿһ۳īСɮޣǺ̷ҪʩԮ֡
Ҫʲôīʵ
쾧ʯɡһº͵Цݣ崺˵
ãīͷĶҪ׼Ψ쾧ʯⶫ治ȱ
һԵ˵ؼңóĵ쾧ʯҪ٣ǰˡ
īЦЦҲûȥΪһйϵĴ壬϶ҲǲȱǮġ
ֱϥգʼо
һ޴ƥĽɫĳ£Ȼ󡭡ԽԽͬһƬɫƣֱڱƬա
һֱ֣λֱؼ𾪲ѡţǵȻ֪ģȴ˽⡣벻ŵͨȻǿ
ɿʼоһʵĽ˳ɳȥȻʼɽ·ųǵЩؼӵܵ嵱С
ɱׯϣϵҲڲϵ
ڣһɵֳأӴƬա·ƬضҪɲ´Ӵķ
ͬʱҲооֱ˵ͬһסʵϣȴûз
ϣ
һִͨ
īվԣΪͬʱҲڸо
ÿһУž޴ƥĶȻ·ھɢʲô
ʱ򣬿ʼһġҲΨλֱͳī֣ܿĺ˳ǹųл
ɵɫׯоҲԽԽࡣżףȻһֺǳ
һ˳屬ȥȻɽ·ųǡ
λֱؼ棬ȫһ̾ĿһĻ𺳵ˡ
СУ˲ã
ʱһһĹȥת۹ȥ˰죬ɫѾƻ衣
ʱеЩԣҲԽԽ࣬һ𣬸һĸоһЩΪܵ͵ˣҲĿǾһĺ
ͻȻ䣬Ǻһħķ࣬ţֱ˹
һĻʵ̫ͻȻˣ
Ȼһֱڷź˭ҲûϵȻֱ仯
ɵĴħǳֲɢ޾ɱƣֱѹһУ
ۣ
͵һѪ
оȴûֹͣ
īֱӶźɵħ֣һնħྐྵȻųīצ·ǳŭ
ৣ
ֱӱīһն룬ܿģֺһ
óīľ
Ϊһ̺ĵķ򣬾һ׼𣬱նôһҲҪܵش
ɵħ࣬Ȼûܵʲô˺һ㡣
ķ̫ǿˣ˵
ոֵҲˡ
׼ͬʱ֣εȾˣȻ׸ԡȴûܸħʲôʵԵ˺ܿһ
ʱͻȻˣ黨ħһָ棬ֱ³һԣ
飡
ĸ׼𼶱ʿȫһû̫˺ħ࣬Ȼ飡
ԣ
ȻħĶȻֲ˹
īĿһɣСвԣɵĴȴᡣʲô
ۣ
һѪɫò԰˼֡
ʱǱֱóļƷ쾧ʯγһԲͲ״ƮţΧСеܡ
嫵˲䱻СͬһյԼ嵱С
ȡļƷ쾧ʯܿûˡ
£еɫû뵽ģȻ֮
ھԼˣԣǮҪ͡
˺ļƷ쾧ʯ֮˵ľڻص۷״̬ʼգоûֹͣ
ţĹųУһЩؼӵܵϣ
īĸţ˿ʫҲãҲãǹŽɵķҲãǸ۵СԼҲãЩħȾļ壬ȫоˣ
ȻҲǸīеˡ
ȫоˣ


1293 ѡ
ؼҹųһһҹʱħһֱڶ磬ۿž͵˳īʵԼʱ䣬ؼҹųϿյĺȫʧ
ʣһǬ
УĵļƷ쾧ʯ൱ؼ룡
룬λֱ棬õúԹԣɼЩ٣βѡ
ԽǺ棬ɵħԽǿ󣬵ħ࣬ԣǣʶ
īòԣһͬѹŽǺɢ
һУ˶һ㣬ܾؼֱҩ쾧ʯĽ飬΢ЦſųīҲʹ
ģīĿһɣȻ˵Ұԡ
īû˵꣬㱻ɾܾҡͷҪʦ˵Ҳʺѧԣʦ˵Ļ϶еġţʩһܹҵʺѧϰԵĺӣǺǣҵǲˣʩӦҷŵˡӦýһġ
īֿЦʲô档
Уʦ˼ϺУ
ī꣺ҲһԵ˰
ȥؼϢҪ뿪һ£Ȼͷ㣬ȥȻЩħȾħˡīɣû⣿
΢Цҡͷҵʹ
īһۣͷȻλֱؼɷʦʱ鷳ˡ
ͷѷıǣɷʦؼҵĴˡ
ʱǿųīֹ
ī˵лֱ˵
ǶԵеŤ󣬿ųīոյң˵֮䣬Щ᣿
īһ漴ӦȻЦҡҡͷ£ʵǸᣬǡʫйءɣͷҸʫϵһ£˼ɡ
̾һ飬ʵҺٹʡ£ģһʫǺһ˭ξ˭ģ˭ҲѲˡ
īͷǾ鷳ˡ
ݵλЩǰѾʺȥΪЩ棬ѣƽཻôȥ˼鷳
ʵⲢӰīҪԭ򣬹ؼҪʫ̬ȡǲƽϣҲȥˡлвƽҲҪйġ
˻һû˼
īֱȡŰ壬﷢֪ʫȻʫ£ڵħӡѾˡ
Ǳʫܿ˻ӦƮ칬ʦ֮һʫؼҵʫ
īһˣ½ʫĻתǡ
ǳĬһ£Ȼ΢΢һ̾һԼֳ͵ܵܡ
ˮ໥һۣȻˮ˵ǷӵģҪһЩɣͷǺӷص磬һԴȥǲǺ񡣺㡣Ȼ󡭡
ˮ˵⣬ǡ
˵˭Σ׷˭Σ˭ҹᣬԼվ췣ؼҵļҷֲǰ衣ռҷþǡ
ˮͷãȻתīѾΣ
īʱ˵¸Լ޹أеˡµͷãһؼҵ˼תʫġ
ǾͰеˡǳųīȭ
󣬳īָɴкһգˣ˲ʧ
⡭ؼλֱȫЩ
Ǳߵ˫ֺʮһţɫɲ԰ס
ؼλֱعæɻصؼҹųǣ˰͵õԺȥϢҲǷܾ˴Դ
Ȼλֱؼһ𡣼һӾôı仯Ϊǿĵ棬ǱҪúùͨһˡȻȴżԨС
ʱһܾͲ
ѡվӣԶǴĴ⣬ǲòȥԵĴ⡣
һΣǲѡȻǰء
īʵɲ⣬֪˵磬ʲôֵܵģ֮ǰī˳ۣȴķڷ
һˣһ˾̾츳ˮ΢Цŵīѵ츳ƽ
ҲΪȻĵͷǰǻô꣬š콾ֱ಻ʤĴûīֵġ
ǸȷʦҲҾȻľ硣˵
ˮչֳȥѷɫǡоһһҹѪҶľġȻģɲһǿǼ˰
Ҵǰ˵ţûоڲףԭҷǳ˵
ôؼһΣǶȹΣһλʲôʱǸҲɲǡҾãӦվڳīһߡҲվһߡ˵ӣͰʲôʱ򣬸ħ年ᣬչ鲻к³ħǿƥ𾳽Ĵڡˣʵ׻ƴҲͬġ
˵ţһԼֵܣû˵˶Է뷨
棡
־ͲΣ֪϶ҪѰʿܶࡣ
ĺܶλ𣬶˹档Уд𣬸ûߵԪľͷ
ôûһ˵
˵浽ħ彵ٵ죬ȺͻȻ临Ȼص磬ֱӽѹ
ĵǸʱЩ磬׻ƴ򣬱ļ͸ˡõԭ
ƺѡ
ԣһΣ±һѹҲҪվһߣ
ͬ⡣ˮͷ
Ҳͬ⡣˵
ؼλֱ˽飬īʱѾ뵽˻㵱С
¥ǸƣֻһΣǳīȵġ
ǸȻʶīЩֻɵ˵˳īǸҲ˵ǴɾƸû̫ȥ
Ϊ˭¶뵽īԼʵӡϾ絫еݵλʿԼ֮ŰЩʿǣȫ֪īˮǲһԶ
īûиƹຮѣֱӽ˰Ȳʵӡ˵УҲЩʵ˵ں˵ģħģʵǹϵ
˵ħǵһЩǣ߶ǡƺҲûôѺã
ȻĻΪʲôȷӡӴ˲ٳ
ԣĲӦָȥѪħ棿
ī˿Щֽ꣬ϣڱϵĸо⡣ȴûʲôð취
ڵȴĹУīóŰ壬ˮ塢ǺͻЩ˷ֱͨһ˵һ¹ħԻ顣
ЩҲȫǳ˷ܣҵƣһ˲õĺϢˡ
ڳīƋOһǹͨһĿǰ״ʱʵˡ


1294 ҷ
һʵīľ̲ס΢΢һ飬ֲԤС
ʵıʮأ۾΢еףƺ޹
ӣǸ
ʵһſڣīľֱ³ȥǿЦûϵ㾡˾ͺãʣµ飬Լͺá
ǣʵæ͵Ѫħ֪֮ˣ
ʲôīʱֱվŲʵӣǣ
˵ҳȥ𣿡ʵ
īͷá
һϢʧ¥С
һɽϣʵվɽۣǿ紵ĳȹ졣
Զ޾ȺɽĬã˵ʦȥˡ
ţȥˣīʱãڰ
Ϣľˡֻһ룬ûܻڶʵһˣʵĵԭΪȻλɵʧܣҲڻ
ԭһп顣ī̾·ϣ˵ģԶЩɹӡЩž޵ˣӵеԴѰʿĪġܳɹˣȴȫϢ·ˡ뿴·жˣġжˣ˶ԶǼȻҲܱ֮Ϊˡ
ֻ֪Ǿã̫ͻȻˣҽܲˡˮϢ˳Ųʵ
īĬĬվһԣ飬ܸİοʵޡ
󣬲ʵһôķʽ˳īһꡣȻһ˵ʦǰӦǿһЩʲôȻһöң棬ҵһЩꡣʦ˵һֱ֪ĴڣҲ֪ⷨʲôȴһֱûȥ档ֱٻǰδһǡ˵硭٣ѪͻɸħһԣҡңҵġȻҲһ仰
ţлҵģīЩ⣬Ӳʶ֪ӵĴڣΪǸ쾳ɱ֡벻ͨΪʲôӻԸԼ
ʦ˵콾ӣ׻ƣһɵգϾ졣ʵ˵ҲǺ仰˼ƺӵйء
ī˼һ£Ȼͷʦ֮ǰȷ˲ٵ顣
ʵһ۳īֹ
ī˵ʲô飿ֱ˵ǣǺһ壬ڰæģгһգƽ֮ʱһѸ£̺һĹʱ룬ҲͲҪˡ
ʵ¶һĨʣǻ۵飬жٻϲװԼ
ʦ˵ҪҸڹߣΪӵ׷ߡʵɫ΢죬Щ˵
׷ߣԵ׷ߣʲôеľʿ׵ġȥ׷һˣɵǰԼȫĽǸˡ
īûԥΪѾҪѡ׷ʱȫͬˡѾѡ׷ߵʸµͷӲôȻһϻ۵׷ߡ
ʵܴӳīһ˿ĺ塣ŸģҪĴϻۣͷԡɫ
ʵʵĺī˵һ䣺ȻǱģҲԸġ
īòʵǰ֮ǣΪЩˣڴ඼֮ǵ԰ںº̵ıӻ֮¡԰Ҳûô򵥣һǿʱ䣬²ϵھ£԰֮ǣѾӵһ൱ǿսΪʱܵս׼
֪ʲôʱʼսƣѾֵ硢нϿաˣʼһ˿ѾԶһԪ֮õսҪˡ
嶼Ÿ׼СԼҲûʲô׼ҪôݣҪôᡣ󣬿϶Ҫһġ£ȴûôΪ漰̫ˡ
ԣ磬С壬ȫڹڴ̽ŸָϢ
īӻٴλصؼҡؼλֱ棬ԼһЩĿ⸴ӵؼҸ߲㣬īͣ
뿪ؼ֮ǰīȴһ䣺ˣʫĸ׺ڣ
仰һȻε䳡û˽ӻ
ֱǸͲ֪ЩˣȫһΣˣĿ⻹Щƺйӡ
ī΢΢üȻûֱӹϵʫϾߵˡǾϡͿˣҲöԲʫ
üؼҼڣô£
ȡؼҼڣҲһ쾳ĵڴ˿̣ȴ˴Сһ˵ʮϵˡ
ţǵüұɭĶڣм׵ܵܣ
ˮˣɫҲ
ֵ֮䣬ǿ飬൱Ũȫֵ֡ǽ鷢
ǣλڣˣ̾ϢһȻ˵ʮȥһγȥִĹУǿС
˵˻Ӽ̫꣬µųīҲûиӡ䣬̬ǿӲĿڣ㵱ڳЩ˶ɵ˵˭ģ
ûû鵽һļǾ쾳ĵС˿ȴһСƵģһίֲҷ֡
û鵽ǵĿ⣬ֳؼҸ߲мɨһȦȻֱץˣ˲ӡסǰĵϣʵİɣ
ԩڣ
ԩˣİ
¸ûϵ档
棬ʲô֪
ŭɶָ⼸ǸñԪģ¸ûϵйϵȻǵıԪ񵱳飬Ǹ𣿡
˵ĬĿͷţ˵
ȴһȥʮߣؼҵһλϣȴȻ˵棬ʲô֪
㣬ҷ𣿡ʵ
ңҸҡҷģҪǲıڣұԪһǿӲĴ˵
ʿԣءһĲ㷢ģΥĵԣ㷢¡ߣȴ֪ôģȻҷֶġ
˶¿޹أǱԩʱ򣬾һĲҽУߺﴫ
šһ
ߵͷ­˲䱬飡
ԪֱԪƬ
ִټ䣬īλֱ湲֣ͬԪըӡһΧڣȻĻһ£ڳؼҸ߲㣬һ롣
ȫЩɵˣþòܻع
ʱһţӷⶫҷ


1295 
ŵģ߲˶ʫڵݺҿܻһҪȻĻôðΣգΥķأ
ۣӦˬ
ִʿҷģԼΪǸͲȥ룬ĻǵδʲôĺҲȥ룬ߵˣӰ졣Ψһܹ뵽ģԼ
ôҾǲϡ
£ֻҪûϵͺãԻ᲻ʲô⣬˵ֶͻƵʱӦҴѾûлͻˣˣҲں
˭뵽ͷ
īҲû뵽⣬ոôˣӣˣΪĸû˿ϵգۼ䣬ֱӱ¸йϵҹϵأ
ĺؼҾȻܳ˲ţһֱ֣ǲ֪
Ǳϵı飬Ҳ൱ľʣСͬһȫŵӡҲûʵ鵱Ӧӡ
ؼֱڣһ࣬ȫüҪѪҪѪĳ嶯̵ģֱ˶ˣ
˵ҪǱԩҲУԸոշ꣬Ǳ߱Ӧˡžž졣
ʱǱҲ˷ŭȴֻǿţ߹˵ȥ˰ʮ
һĹǱˣһװӵӹϣһݵӡòӢ㲣һ˫۾ҲûжɡûһʿϢġ
īϧûѣӦǸ緢ˡȴزе˸е䡣
ǰǳīǰ뿪īڵģʫŰ˳ϵƣһȭº͵˵
ϵڷӦƺǳٻĿ˳ī죬Ȼ˵ǡӣʫǡͦõİɣ㡭ӣܸм㰡
ʮֲϣͬһнľˡ
īЩᣬ뵽ԼĸףͷʫܺãһֱܺãԺãͽȥ
ҡˡڻҡҡ֣ңǲˡ
ΪʲôѵǰԼŮ𣿡īʵ
Цˣ룬ôأأǣڡѾǷһȥˣ鷳Ҫģҡȥˡؼңϣͦõġ
ⷬ˵ʮַ˰ʱ˵ꡣ
һλֱȫһŭĿżڵˡЩˣȫͷһɫ
Ŀһ۵ӡ˵ˣͬҲٸ꣬ռҷ͸ҲǹİɣЩˣΪؼҵϣȥɣ
˵ţֱӳ֡
棬ԩ
һ˸ոճɤӺԩȴ˲Ȼֹ
׼𾳽Ĵܣŭ֣ﻹ˵Ļ·ֱӱ
ǵҲǹҵģֻɱ󱲣ûаԥóīе塣Ȼ꣬ȴǸֱˡûôƵĶ
ԾǶԣǴԭһˡˣʵֽн磬ѾԽԽˡ
ǱߵڣɱˣĻ˵ڣǹģҪǳѣ棬αɱ
û˵أǱݺݺʫָҹؼҳϣѾֱˡ
ڱͣ¶ź֮ɫ΢΢ҡͷȻųīӡңչ˺ãʫ
īͷ˵ǰİɣһչ˺ʫʱ򣬵ʫص磬һ
ҪӡЩѵ˵ţһĿųī
ī̾˿һؼ棺ʵ⣬ӦûǿԽġ
ţλֱؼ
ǱߵҲ΢΢һ漴һâȻа취ܹ֪ؼȻ㾡ȫҲһΪκã
ǱϵƺЩûӦ壬ɲǱӡô򵥡ȫ⵽ƻĵѾ٣̨ȫ顣꣬ش˵Ӱ쵽ˡ
һʿ˵֣͵ǳ׷ϵˣϣٸԭˡ
û뵽ڳīĿУƺת
īһڣԷʲôʵ֪޷ǾǺǻָûӰѡ
ڵľȻ̸϶ߣʵϣȴһǳˡ֮ǰû˵ʱؼҵĵλͽֳ˳īһǿԮʱһҪ֮ǰƵĳޣҪǶ֮λû
ԭܼ򵥣λֱ棬Ⱦͻվߣ
ΪӦǺܿģ֪£īǿвؼ񣬾ھҪ˷λȥҲкܴʻɹ
ȻˣΪʲôҪˣ
īڵ˼ú͸ȴ˵λֱؼͬ÷
īͷȻˣǣҾͣһ죬Ϊҩ
īһһ壬ҲؼҲٸ߲ƤֱڵĿⶼȫͬˡ˭Ұһ˿ܸλƽ۽Ƶѵһ뢣ȴڽ塭иŮĺҪ
ڻЩţųīѵʵӣģô
ģʫûˣ䶼Ĩȥ񻹲ǻĺúõģī˵
仰ؼҲľĸоаһ˵¶ʵȴȫأҲҿЩؼûôԳī֡ȻĻⳡ棬϶г
λֱ棬̲ס໥һۣһ˼Ȼȴ˶Է뷨
СһûôúŪ
ʫǺӵ飬϶һ⼸򡣡
ô죿
ȻϢĽһ˼ǣȿŰɡ
īߣ˵䣬£ڿʼ׼ҩȻûҪʲôҩ֮ĶҪЩҩģҲؼߵ˸еľˡ
һ֡
󰡣
λֱ棬ֱǡ
ڻɣīǲǽڳˡ
ɶȻؼϵħӡõؼĻۡǿǼˣ
īոտҪЩԴؼĻۣ
ؼȻ꣬Դḻ󣬵ģȻַǳ۵ĸо
ϧѾ˵ȥˣֲܷڣֻҧе
ī֪ʲôҲֱͣӴסؼҡ
ȵԴԴԴֱ֮Ӽ¯ʼҩ
Ȼûнֹ˹ۿؼߣҲʶĻرˡʱȥǳī
ڣŵīסԱߡ
λֱ棬û뿪ѡۿ¯ʱˮ˵һ䣺ҩ¯
ǵͷֲõôӳѡ


1296 ˼ֶ
ؼҵЧʺܸߣָҩġһЩϣܿʹЩؼˣԳīȫĻмеħӡӲĸȻΪ˸ĴۣȫС䣬ˣǶĸжġ
ī¯ȻѾȹȥֱܶӳȻ󡭡Ͳˡֱȥȥˡ
ֱؼȫĿɿڴ
ҩôƵô

֪ʶˣ
໥һۣȻû˵Է˼
ǵȷûīġǵ¯Լðɣ
ĵôôǲ֪Ҳû˵īôˣͷһμ
ʱ֮󣬳ī߻¯еļŵҩóĸڡ
һʱһšī˵
ҲЩĿųīҲǴû˷õ顣ǰ˲ǳīȺݺԼҪ
ûԥֱӷһŵҩȻ󾲾ʲôҲûз
ֱ濴˿Ҳû˵
һ¯ҩۿīҩͶȥġеҩģͬһСɽһ㣬ȫͶ˵¯ȻƳĿŵҩ
ȫˡ
ţīתȥʼһЩĲϡ˾͸֪īҪʲôˡ
ǵﱻ٣̨飬Ȼܵشֽ٣޽ġûܵشͨᡢǻһʵ
ܵشûа취г룬кָֻܶĵҩȫΪҲ˵ָʿĵҩǼΪ
˵ǡûС
ǧ궼δƳһš
ҲΪʲôؼΪھָܻĸԭ
û취룬ָܻ˵ûܡ
ֲܣڳī˿ܣ⵽ֵزҪײǽĳ嶯
īǱߣŲæ¯ŲϣҲȵţ²ġ
ڶʱַһöҩ
û
īȻǱ¯Ӳϡ
ʱڷ˵ŵҩ
û
īӲϡ
һֱ΢Цϥ￴ţҲʣҲ˵Լȥɵһ˫ۣʼڶųīÿһ
ΪīÿһĶʵ϶̺ϵĵͷ
ҲˣҲˡЩԼŪʲô˳ī
һ뵽Ŀ״̬ܸܵīĲѰˡ
ĸʱˣֱӷ˵Ŀŵҩ
ã֮ǰһʲôҲûС
ˡ
һɺ嫵ĺ·ľʶƾ
ЩˣЩʶеĻҺݵĵشɺȻȻֱӵƽ
ھԼȫ޷Լľֹֻǣţȫ޷Ԥ֪Ҳ޷Ƶķ
һ̣һֱƽȵĳīͻȻһڣ
ֱշƽ˫ۣһֻ֣ץ¯һӰֱӱӻ¯ץ
۾͵ĵɴ¶˼ɫ
΢΢һ˫ֺʮаӷ
īӻ¯ץģȻһһ߳һģһɢŵĹһͲѰ
ֶ̾Σδţδ
ʱ򣬳īһֻ֣ץϵڣУһɿֲȻֱӽڵ꣬Ӳĸг
һִֶΣ
Ȼһʼڣʩչٵȡڵꡭţѧ̶ȣη壡
ˮˣҲȫĿࡣ
ʱ򣬳īһץǾһǣڵֱ꣬ںϵһ𣡳īȻſ˫ۣɣ꣡
ֱӾ׹ʼо
ִ¸ɮо꣬ЧҪֱںϲ֪˶ٱ
һ£ֱ֮ϣ
һʼīƳϣֳʹ֮ɫо꣬ܿŤıͲˡȡ֮ģһ͡
ૡ
īʱֵͺһ
Ҳ֪ʲôֻڡУȻ䱬һɺ嫵Ϣ
Ϣֱأе
֮ӲòϣƳһߡ֮ˣ˶Ϊʧ
񼣣ֻеֶΡֹ
̫ǿˣֲһҪĵؼԴۣҵȣ껻ҲԸˮ˵
ֵܺȻ໥ŶԷֻҪгīֶΣֻҪԪǿԳΪԪݽߣȿݽߵģʵѪľߵ˾ͷԪԪʵҪܶࡣ
һЩ𾳽ʿȥԺ󣬻ԻӵĪΪǵԪʵǻŵġ
ܹճīֶΣ˵ʲôô
ֻҪԪˣ
īĴֻһΡ䣬вˣ
ˣȫ̲ס̾ϢҲףī˵ʵȻĻλǿһֱˣ
䣬˭ˣ
ʱڣӦ˵õڣ˫ۣӦһԼ壬ȻӢŵϣһӱüһϲ
նлѣǺǳϣȴȫϲɫ
ڸոһ˲䣬ȫӦˣϵϢȻǵӵеϢ
Ҳ˵һߴﵽ˵ε
˵ļۣǧꡢꡭҲֵõİ
һԳīȭӣ֮Щʣľ֮˵īĸһ㲻Ϊ
īȴ֣ˣҸʫѣô
ȴţīʵ̫ˡܵ˱˲֪ĶڵĵƷ
н磬ʿˣ
֮ǰҲǸƷû뵽ﵽ˾磬һΡ
ȫĿųīǵУޱȳȵĹâ
ī˵гһգȻս䣬Լ꣬׼Դҿ԰һΣ
ȫϲīʩ
󣬳īڣȥŮˣ
ڹЦУģڣԸƮ칬һ


1297 Ȼ
īɣ뿪ؼҪȥƮ칬һ£ûиȷĴ𸴡ʫĸףԼĳ飬ҲӦʫǡ
ؼλֱڵľǸеοʵЩȽϡ֡糹׷鵱ݺʫݺЩԪסؼҿ¶Ҫ˽ǡҲҪλΪؼҼ£ǴӦҲǲǣӦҲǲǡֻ֮Ҫһ뵽ѾصС
ãڻҲԸȥȺ˼ƽʲô뿪ߵ˼ҪȥĵطλֱȻἫҪȥīλֱǳο
Ӷ°
īȻûֱӴӦ˿£Ӧûʲô⡣
ԣī뿪λֱؼҲͬá
ؼڲ˶е̻̲֮⣬ľˣǷǳĵġڰ˳ΪѪūĶˣֻһ£ֵء
·ϡ
īų˸ͱ߿
һ֮ԹīǸʱ̫ˣǲǶ֮ġ
ɶԱ߿͸Ĵڸе𾪣ųīӷϡ
ī̹ȻĵͷһС硣
ɿųīһȻúٵҲҪƭҵı飬Ȼһ䣺СʲôʱҲܾˣ
ȿȣҵС磬Ƚ⣬ҪīһЦ磬ĿȫƿءͨϽīѾ˸εĵһ֮
Ȼûȫ͸ȴף
һ˼ǻƵۣһ֮Ȼδ˽ԼÿһأȴƬϵߡô˽ĶȻǱ˱Ȳ˵ģ
īͬҲˡѧţȥ˽ࡣ
ɰͷҡţСɮɲȥ¡
ڸϣԼҵȥ
īɣóȻħЩˣ˵˵ģȻ׼ܳɹ𣿡
һţȻЦСɮǳӦöȻ׼ħֵ֣Գɹ
īͷ̾ϢһȻƵġȻĻһȻˡ
ԼȻǣû̫ģīûԼ˳ʲôԴóһѼƷ쾧ʯγһΧԡ
Լ£ԳīɵľٶȻж¡˼ǣһֱīȻȥȻ֪굽˭
պ󣬳īһˣ»ص˽ҡ
ŽΪɣûѪȾķҲûбҪȥһΡ
ٽңƻµĴ壬Ѿ塣Ϊī÷ӡסͨ˸޷룬Ҳ
īɣ̫үϣ¶˿ĵЦݣ֮ǰѾյīϢȻīȷĸ׼磬δܶȻˡȻܿġ
֮Ѿ˽˽ǸɺȻ˵̫үƺҲԳһ¡Ϊڣûԭħ֣ҲǱȾѪūʿֻǾ̫ԶȻ
˵һ취ûУīɣ㲻ҪǿԼ
Ϊīһ·ϣĸо£ԼƺӰġǲҲɵʲô⡣Լʼռ˵ûʲô⡣īҲֻĻ
ЦЦţӷСɮΪ
ҵĵ̣ɲԼСɱȵġīҲûи̫үֱóԴγɷɿʼжȻ
һ𣬴ɵ𣬶أоġ
µâ貣ɢĹ̫Ҫҫۡ
ɵоҲֱӿʼ
û̫׼Ҳûʲôϻ
ϥſɾĵӵԼ顢ʶ
һڶγһħࡣ
ī΢΢˫ۣЩľЩħ࣬ȥȻҪؼЩħ໹Ҫǿ󼸷֡
ħҪ̶ȡȻҲ͸
һΣīûеɳ֣ʼзԣѹЩħķࡣ
ҵԣȷǿƥīЩһ˷ٴʩչҪȹȥǿ
Щħ׷ױ飬Ȼ󳹵׵ɢ֮䡣
īĿԽǿʿðĺҲԽ࣬ԽǿϣЩǿħ࣬ȫǵϾʿðĺɵġ
ǿ̫үϵĺŨ̶ǿңЩˣϵĺѱġ
һ㣬϶ðżͣͲϵı飬Ҳʹࡣżĥȴûз
ΪҵĶ̫үκ˿Ĵһ档
ٴʹ࣬Լš
嫵ϣһ㣬ɵעȥ
ɱׯϣ˵嶼ɢŽɫĹâԼѾһˡ
ķ쳹Ƭ֮䣬϶Ȼÿһҵˡ
īЩǵĿɣͬoǻһ𣬵ڳīĸ֪УȴԽԽģ
޾ԴڹӦȻڿٵš
īʱ͵һͻ˵СУòȼԼľѪɣ
ţī̧ͷɵķ򿴹ȥ͸ǽɫĹâűׯϵϣɿκζߡ
Ȼĳ˷ŵīԷŵ֪ʶ̸ͨϺܶķžѧҲֻһԡȻǿģȴǷŵĹֶΡɵī˵ȫ㲻
īϣܹû£ܹƽСеļֵԱīҪߵöֽ࣡׶Σڳīġ
ϾīûֶȻı졣
һһҹ֮󣬽߾ˣѾĨȥħӡɹȻʣģеĺð
óĴԴѾĴīֱó˴Ʒ쾧ʯ޾ϱš
ֹ˼ʱǼʿҲȫ׶Ȼɹ
񣬾ֻʣһ̫ү
ٿűׯϵϣҲ¶һ˿ƣ̬
ԿƵֳ𣿳īǿҵĵǡ
Ҳûֹͣоһֱǳȶȫûκα仯
صĴ࣬ͬϵķѹƬء
䣡
УȻðһɺǱģԼģ
ţֱγһصħ࣬ȻǺɣͬׯϣȥҪࡣֱ˫ۣǿĺɫâֱӳīˡ
Ȼ󣬷ͳһȺ֪飬Ĩȥħķӡȥǰɣ
ħ̧࣬־һƣǵصĺƣɣһѹ
񷣬˲䱻ѹ䡣


1298 
һƵ̫ˣīû뵽ϳȡĺɵħǿܣѾЩԽ֮ǰħ֣
е㲻Ծ
īţһ㶼ֱԡ

һɫ˳ųīĿ³ħĴ֡
飡
Ǵֱӱһ޴ȱڣȻѹ
֮ϣϳִģ̮ƬصķԳǿȵļѹб
īһԴ

һɫɳǴ֮ϡ
¡
Ǵ΢΢һ¸һȱڣȻѹ
īˣ³֮ǰֱӴ߶Ҿԡ
־
䣡
Ƭ֮еĺ嫾ųīӵ
īٶȴ߶־
Ťռ䣬ͣʱ䳤ӡ
ٴ߶־˺һ
Ȼ󣬲ֱԣأ
ַľٶǴӹ񣬴δйġҵĶʥֱںһй
¾ǷҺ͵ҵЩߣҲû
һԣһƥƣͻֱӺֻ֡
ֻѾЩȱȫĴ˲飬ķѣݿһ㻯ޡ
ȻɺδͣЪֱӺħķࡣ
¡¡
ħ˲䱻֧顣ɢǰһ˲䣬ʲôͨ
ۣ
īһѪȻǰ½󣬵һ˫ۣȴǰδе

Ȼԣ
ī·ҵһδս֮·
ԽߣսķҲԽ࣬ǧ򻯣һͷֽ
֮Чģȴֻú١ΪóģԷҲ
ҶǿߣֳսʽЩͨʵκβöԷͬ£Ψг棬ʤ
·ϵĽʱҲ̲סһѪѪȴǾѪ
ܵش
ī΢΢ۣŽеĲ˳κ⡣
оһֱƽȡ
īͷһɣϵһ˿ƣȻҲʧˡ
īüңֽĿͶ򽪶ϡ
ʱ˿̣ĽӵܣȫһŵģŽķ˵ϣȫ¶ޱϵı飬ϣ̫үͦһ١
˴ʱҶ̫үЩڵĺƺѳױɾ
ķѹأȻϵ̫үеĺȻڲϵð
һȥѾҹϵĺС
ڼ䣬ī־ս
ϳĺǵħ࣬ãЩħ֮࣬ǰǸҪ˲١
īгɣǸǿħ࣬ôγɵģܸһֺܹĸо
ʱֹȥһһҹѾȻҹ
óīǵǣϵƣҲûгֹľ񣬷·ԽԽã
Ҳܲ
ɵһؼҶȻʱ״̬Ӧóôûһƣ̬֡Ǽһ¡
ɵķϷؼѾɫÿһ棬ɢھƬءͬʱ֮ǰħ̮Ҳָ
ƬأһƬɫ硣
һҲڱȻ˾˵һĻɫѸٱûҰȥеѪҲڼ˥š˵ľһӱޱήҡ
棡
̫ү
̫үôˣ
ҵĸ߲кᣬǹ̫үǰīҲһæɹ
ܣһ˲˿ȥһнľߣϾҪƵġ
ڰ֣Ȼ󿴼īɹϣ¶һĨ졣
˿ˣȫһˡ
ǻعⷵգ
ѡлллл㡭ɷʦңһУǺǺǡȿȣңƻ£ûа졭õˣر̫ү壬Ѿ޷Ѿܶһ¡
īһԵĸ꣬ҡҡͷĽ̫үУЦЦѣáٷԼԼ֪ڵħӡѾʼɡħ֮֡ǰһǱȼվѪӲġƳȥġ
īʱȻ׹Ϊʲôǵħγɵħ˿ֲԭһѾ˵ħ֣
̫үƳ⣬ɵĶȻ˶ãȼȫһ˲䱬˱ħֻҪǿ
Ǻο࣬Ȼ޷ȻҲԷӡİī̾Ϣ
ֱӱӡ˵гһգͻа취
ҡҡͷֻ롭ԣһˣ̽̽·
̫ү˵ѾܷѾīȡһŵҩΪһΣ̫үûо̷ܾȥ˵ľ˺ܶࡣ
īȦ΢죬Ȼ𾴡׽̫үôˡһЩ·ܹɹȻôԺЩˣҲԡܣôʵʵűӡˡ
Ǻΰ˲ò𾴡
ϧʧˡ̫үЦЦʵûʲô˹һֻҪǾͲ
棡
̫ү
һȺҵĸ߲㣬ҲȫǴߣ̲סʹ
ҪޣҪޣǶǧͷˣʲôޣûС𣿼סּҷ磬ִͳơ̫ү˵꣬ųī΢΢һЦȻȻ˫ۡ
ˡ
īдΪʹȻλҵ̫үûжĽ飬ȴ˸۷һĺˣ۲۵ĺˡЦЦɵȴò˸
̫үƷ߽࣬ҵİīŽ̫үʩһ
ӷ𡣡߹˫ֺʮȻоΪ̫үС
ͱ߿ҲĬĬ
ҹҲʶ̫顣Ҳ˳īʲô顣жԳīľ⣬Ҳøˡ
īԸͣⰧ˵Ул˽˵ֲ˽ҵķ
˵оˡվǴ˵Ϊ˭Ҳֻء
ҼƣȴĿáֹʮŰ¶ֹ
ļ壬Ȼ첻ӻҲҪӻ
Գīûֱ˵ʲôȴѾĬĬһһҪԼ֮ܣӻּ塣ҪѡΪּ壬δϣ
ʼգɶһƽ͵һԿšĬĬо
뿪֮ʳīȥģ
īͣ½Ųɣ㣿
һ΢Цһ𣺡ء


1299 ħ
īü
˵Сɮһ顣
ţ
Сɮ˵ɳ磿һ˫۾ųī˵
ī΢΢һѪʿǶԽ룿
Сɮ˼ǣ롣΢Цŵʵ
˵ţҲ˵ô֪īЩܵģֱһóīĿɿڴĽ顣
˵ֱͨ磬ȻڻУרſһר趨һֿھȻ󡭡Щȫ磬ͳһȻīǳ鴤ţɡ
ɵͷԣ𣿡
ô֪īһ˼Ŀɡ
СɮǷӵܰ
ӵôˣī˸ۣ˵һء
ɽ͵ţġ
īһƺһʲô
һַӦǴʥĲΡ˵ţͱտڲˡ
ī̲סֱۣСУ֪飬ֱ̫ˣҪСиȺһҪԼǷī˿ɱڵĶˡ
һ룬С˵飬пԡ
ʵ̫ˣЩδ֪ħ壬»кܶࡣ
īҵЩֻһѪħµô˭ܱ֤ûħô
ֻһѪħôĵɱ֣֪ľһȫ
īио֪Щȫ
˵Ǹ취Ȼ治ų̵ģǸûиߺ󱲵˴ڡǡҲǵˡ
ī˼ȥСеĽ黹пԵġ漴ϢˮЩˡ΢ԥһ£ǸҲһϢȥ֪¡
һʫ⣬ͿǰˣҲȴīһ׮Ĳ
ͬʱīϵ壬ϵӳһسȺˣī׼½֮ҪȥѪħ档Ѫħ棬īû̫ĵ
޵У˫ʵ̫ѪħĲΣԸ߹Щ׼̫ࡣοǱ߻һȫ˵ǵء
ƾһˣȻǲġ
Щ׼֮󣬳īֱӽһ˻磬ȥޱ˵¡
ޱͷʾͬ⣬Ըһ֮
ڻ磬ףƳЩħϢԽ࣬Խǿ󣬵ʱҲְæѹ
īޱʾлޱͽһֱ綼ġҲʹӡīȴûôΨأܻء
κˣˡ
īͣ뿪˻磬ɱʾûˡ
ɵϣ¶֮ɫ
ʱŰϣѾը˹̶磬ȫը˹
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˾ȻԶȻħ壿ǣħļ𣿡
һʼȱȽǣǺţѾ̫ƽ̫µУȻħ
ţѯʣǲĿԶȻ
ʵˣҲּ֮£нըˡ
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īǳһĺˣķˣķڷһľ뢣ͬҲӦ˵İ
ħ壬𣬽㲻ļ԰֮ضûУǵģħ壬ΪħѪū
Ҳ֪ԭôΰ󣬽ҵ̫үΰȻ𾴡
ЩڱħֵĴǣʱˣҪӡǽļ壬ǵҪһȪǵõѡϣܹ˼
ָŰϣ̶н硣
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ʱһƽھѾˣн硣ɽĺܶˣõھ
֮󣬷ֵȷ뵽統УңѪҪûˣ
īȻо޴ԨԴ
ҲܳӸʲôԨԴΣΰǸˣ
ǵģһ춯صΰ飬˭˭Ƿн磡
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ҲУֻҪһͻᱻɹҪʵ׷ɱִƣ׼Щ£˵Щûôʿˡ
īĸн磬ﵽһ۷ĳ̶ȡ
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Űϣһ仰ΰˣңɷʦȻЩħӡʿˣֻһӦ顣
һʯǧˣīǫѷõ˸ء
ͬʱɷʦ֣ҲһΣ뵽ǵߵС
ɿųīСɮϲ
һ֮Σ㶼š
룬˵ƺҲ
īһСУÿÿ˵ֳϵĻȴһֺܿɰĸо
īٴȷϣȷôû⣿
һʤ߼˫ֺʮӷ𡣡
شҡīʡ
ǧˣҿɳɷ𡣡ɵ˵ȻСɮģȷɷġ
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ڵԼһ죬īɡͱ߿뵽רſٳƬռ䣬ֱӾɵˡ
Ƭռ䣬޽ǧĽ
һĿռ䣬ΨһƬһ޾ɫԭԭϵĲҲߡרΪε׼ġ
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ؼǣʱ˿̣ƬǧĴԭϣȻ˵Ӱ
һڣʮڣڣǧڣ
˵īɶסˡ
˵ʲô
˵ûкҷɵĳˣۼڴϣա
Щ˷һȴ̫ˡ
ʲôһһĭܰ˸һһĭֱ³һ
ǡʲô߿Ҳˣϼ𣿡
ֹһʢᰡ
ħˡôࣿĿࡣ
īһﻹܲףУˣħߣ϶ֵģ
Ͼ飬ŶһΣ˭ۿһ̣
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ȻпֱĻᣬ˭
óīòᣬⲻǾۻᣬڶħ
ʱ˿еĳīдԴܿݵɡƬռ䣬ĳȻ漣ıСС󣬼Ȼ
ʱ򣬳īҲҵʫ˶һѩƋO˸ˡ
ī΢΢һᣬ¶Цݣеþò


1300 ǰʢ
ƽƼСѾ˽ĵСɡФСʿͨۡǶ¶ȵȵȵȣˣȥδģʼ
ʵһΣֻҪʫһ˹ͿˣЩˣȫˡΪģֻĬĬĿīһۡ
Ϊ˼
ߣҲкö˹īһȥܶ˶ӶЦ
ý壬ϵδˮ¹ùú̵Ҳܵ͵ĳȺС
׷ǣֵܻңīڻԼһϤİˡ硣ʱǸдꡣ
ҲȻɳΪһĵ
ųī΢ЦЦƽͣҲкܶпʮĹ˵ǶߣǶͨˣҲ㲻ر𳤵һʱ䡣ȴۼ֤һʿ㲻ϵ꣬һ·ɳΪн뢡
ǽн飬Լϡؽȣ˾塣
Ƭضռˣоʵǳųīġ
īԶɳΪһ뢣ˣȻֻһΣ֪Ϣ˶ˡ뿴ġ
һƽ͵վڳīԣ򡣡
īЦŻͷһۣ֮Ҳǡ
ӷ󣬽ǿա΢΢һЦ
ԽԽˣӿ뵽Ƭռ䣬󣬾ЩԼҲȫŵˡҲȫû뵽Ȼô
ʱ򣬳īȻڣѹأȴ̶ô࣬ȫħİɣн磬ɾҪˡ
˱ī֣̲סһЦ
ЦɽХֱͬ˳һ㡣ʵ˸еֲ
ôˣܳҵԤϣҶߵλ淨ʦİɣīЦſһԵɡ
ǧˣٴηһЦŸֺ
ʵģӣ
ϲ㣡
ӡҪӣ
īͷߣĨһѶͷϵ亹æ˵˵£˵¡ڻỮһƬħʿƬûħʿǧҪȻĻǻᱻȻǳޣĴԿաšûǣⲻǿЦ
īһɫǵĳСȫ¶Ȼ֮ɫ
ȻôˣҾ͸˵һ¹ħһЩɡīһѵõĻᡣʼѪū˵ħ֣ħ֣˵Ѫħ档˵ХǸؼңҲ˵ʫؼң˵Žɣ˵ҡ
īûзϻûІ£ǳģյһħϢ֮ڡ
ԭкܶ౧ſ̬ʿԽɫԽ࣬ȫ
ħ壬֮䣬̸ʲôСƸȥȫͬһħ彵ٵ磬ôٵģһޱȼġ֮սսûκԣҲûκЭءҪôǻǣǸϻصԨħ磬ҪôǻǣӴ˺ʧŵЩȫΪ걻صѪū
ī˵ţƽͣ¡¡֮ڳǧ˵ĶУˣȫš
ˣȫ¶˼֮ɫҲֻмôһˣϴŲΪȻɫóīΣ
ϣЩħֵʿǣҲóһʿĵҿԺܿ϶˵ǶħЭܻκҪĽ֮ǰ˵ңƻµĽңλ棬֮ʱħַɳǰŽѰһħķߵʱǸħͻȻ֣ģһս֮󣬱ֱն룬ֱħ֣һ͵СԼҵ棬ͬħȡ
ī˵ţֱӽǸ˹Լӻ¯ץ
ԼǸħ֣һУ㷢ŭַ˻ѾīӡӲīƿصС
˿һȥ֫˹
óīЩ̡
ţīԴֱҪɱ
ʱ򣬻ԼģħںˣǱӡֱܣҲֱӻһӣȻͻ
ٴαīѹ
īƽԭϣѹѹһ޾Ⱥ˵ħ֡
ʱȺкȻһǺǣ˵ú˭֪ǲ˭֪ǲǳΪ˳ΪİµأϿڿ˵ħҪ֣ʵϣħ徿᲻֣û֪
Ʈٲǧ˵ȺУҪҳһˣʵ̫ˡ
ʱһ𣺡ǣ˭֪ǲǳԼŵϷ룿ΪʵưҰģƭҵģ
һŭֱ𣺡⻰ֱˣ
һӰ޾⻪Ⱥзա
ŽɵĴϣ
Žɵϡ
ոճӲ˵ѹ˹ŽɴϵĵӣǸպķôôλŽɴϻΪ˵
ȺУкܶʶµˣȫ̲סеȡ
·ϸ߿գǶԳīʩȻת·ǧˣѸɷʦ飬Ϊ磡ҿ֤ҵͽܷߣȷһħߣħִ֣Բ򣬺ڼ˻ɽģǿħ֮󣬲ȻɱΪҲΪħ߹
Щ߼ôʾ׼ܿЩ궯Ⱥð
ʱ򣬽ҵļҲ֮ϣīԣҲǣȶųīʩȻ˵֮ǰħȫ̡ħʱ򣬽̫үĸң
׼𾳽ʿͱħֵЩʿܱȻûƭˣܳϿҡҲҼģʿҵļ˵ҪһЩ
ؼҵļڣҲվ˵һؼǱߵԽ˵ܶ˿֪ܶؼңǰЩʱ򣬳һ£ؼҵĹʫţݺˡʱߵϣˣؼҸйһЩᡣȴǰӣȻؼôЩ˰γħµӡؼ˳ΪѪūıЩɵˣҲ֪ʲô˼ֻ֪ҶȺзеӾվҵʣ
һЩѾħȴûбγӡļУ׷վոɳīЩ˾Ĳ
һ׼𾳽Ĵܣֱվɨ·ǧˣ˵ĳҵ걻ƭħ֣Ϊһ·ͻͽһֱûʲô쳣жѪħޱȸмΪħҲûʲô˲ȻǸղʱĳȻôΪģ
һ޾ƽԭϣǧʿȫĬŸ֮ϵǵӰ¡¡


1301 Ͳ
׼𾳽Ĵܣڳʶ˲̫࣬ܶϱʿˣȫ
ԭǶżҵźƽ벻˼ҾȻ
ǰ϶ǻڶĴܰ
ǳǰģ
ǰģˣһǻ˵ڶ
Ⱥдһۣλ׼һһɨͬʿƾ콾˭벻Ȼһħֵħߡ
ϱʿ̲ס̾Ѫħ棬µĺôһ尡ֶΡ˲
ʱ򣬶źƽ˵ڸոգۼħֻɵˣֱħֵḶ́ˡǺǣߵȻˡǻãǳѵţͨҲãǾǼٵġһ׼۹⣬ҵıԪģģ
䣡
仰һǾס
ֱըǧ˵С
̫ˣ
һī׹ʹϵȫûκνˣԼıԪģ˵ġ
źƽ·ѹѹһ޾ȺĳԤϵĶ࣬ǾͰ˵
ţźƽ˵ԼѪħ涡Ṇ̀ʵߵľࡣܶ㣬۷ΪǸˡ
ҽǱҲ̬ģźƽܸ˵ʵϵ;磬Ҳûʲô˵ġˣڣҷˡţΪн磬ΪŬҵļ壬ۣҿˡҵĴ˵ⷬȷӡңһ죬ϵ⣬Ӱæ˺ܾԺȻû취ӳ׽һɱĨȥĳˣԶħ߹
Ƭռ䣬ǾޱӡĿռ䣬ᵽѪħЩˣûκ⡣
źƽҲʶ⣬˵ĺܸɴ࣬Ҳܳ졣
һ̹Ȼųīȭʩ񣺡ӣżңˣ
īĻȻͷ
ɣȷӡҡźƽ̾һһƽ
·һǶż˴ġǵڣףڲǴǳʶֵģǴγħӡģ
֤ʵ˳īľٶûбĺ壬ģΪнʿ¡
߸׼𾳽Ĵܷɵգϱƣֱ춯ء
Ⱥˣȫվн۷Ĵڣ
ûа취̤𾳽Ľ죬ЩˣѾнǿĴˡ
ǣȫӰæӡǣŵһҪ󡣡һΪվųīȭ˵ţͷһ·Լķ򣺡ҵļ壬Ͱгӣɷʦȡһδħһ죬ҵļ壬ȫսӵܣؽϵһߣ
īȭ
Ȼ׼𾳽ʿվųīɱȭʩ
ʮˣ
Ѿʮ׼𾳽Ĵܣ
ʮˣġʮ壬ǧ
īҲľĸоһԵɡСУ˿ҲЩĿ͡Ҳû뵽һֽ
̫ޱ޼ʣˡҲ̫ˣ
ɵ飬ֻеħ죬ЩŻ
ʱɾʲôˡ
Ϳ̿ѪɺӡЩѪū궼Լ

ɳһȻīգգۡ
īЦ㣬ΰǸˣ
ӷ𣬾ȿѣСɮı֡ɵɫƽͣһ˫ŷ⡣
ǧ˵ע£īʼֱ֣ӽʮ׼𾳽Ĵܷӡû˿ޱȵϡ
·ȺУֱӲͬķλ
Щˣʮ׼ˡǵ鶼ޱȸӣԹԹԣͬʱҲимΪִԲôЩ˵ˣΣ˭˵á
ۿڱӡ飬ĺܱʹ
ºܶ಻ɵˣⱯ׳һĻ̲סᡣ
īʮ׼еһӡʱͻȻĵӰ𣬿зЦһ˵ᰡ
һ˵˵㡣
˵ħô£
ĸ˵׷·벻ħҸں
ĸ׼ͻȻ֡Գī䳰ȷҴΧīӣƺҪԳī֡
ȻִԲˣ
·ƽԭ֮ϣǧȫЩˣЩŵĿһĻ
ʱ򣬺¡̡ˮҵļ棬ͬˮҼˮ갲һ𣬻࣬һؼ߲㡣кܶһ޹أȴͬīʿʱȫϸ졣
Щˣģڵľϣ
ȫ׼ʮа˾Ż䡣ǡȴ޷ˣ
֣Ҫššͷڹһֻ˵뷨һ嶼ûС
иˣȺзɳվ˳īһߡ
׼𾳽Ĵļ壬˲⣬˴棬ʲôѵҪ𣿡
Ҳŭ⣺Ϊ棬ôôѵҪ𣿡
֮ϵգޱȽźء
׼־ʿһ֣϶Ǿ춯ء
ǧʿҪǧˡ˲ͻ롣
ǿɾˣħ廹ûأȰԼݺݸ˼Ҵһۡ
׼𾳽ĴܣƺҲ⣬Ǹں·Լ˵ĺУǵ˸űѪĹâ׼ֱӶɣ
ǵģУܹħɡɺ޵Ǹˣ
Ҫ
ī̾ϢһȻ󷢳¡¡ôĸʣЩҲˣɡѵйͣĸôʱħأǽĲΪͷᱻ׷ġ
ˣ͵һͻ˵ҿУ
Ѿ˿ʼпھҪ˳Ƭռˡ
ǧ﷽ԲĿռ䣬ȻǴ󡣵׼㼶ʿ˵սʩչģ
ôЩ͵ʿô죿һನܽɱ
գۼ䣬дʿ˳
׼𾳽ʿ໥һֱۣӳˣ
֮ԥҲǵĳīк֣һҲûôǡԽԽʿ뿪Ƭռ䣬һ壬ɾûһˣ
һ˲䣬׼̲סˣȺгɱī
һʫѩЩˣû뿪ԭؿųīΪģֻΪīûи֪ȥǾųī
׼
ͬһɿƷ
ͬʱ֣īɡ
ЩҲȫ޷˵ģ˶Է
ʱ򣬳īȴ̾Ϣһܳסİϧ


1302 ѹ
īȷǸеЩźģãȺп϶бħ֣ȴִԲ׼ڡԭҪЩһ򾡡ԣеʧ
߸׼𾳽ĴܣҲ㹻ˡܹ߸׼ҲǺݺݵͱѪħһ
˫Ȼδս֣ѾΡÿһΣīЦǸˡѪħ棬ûӮءһζûУ
׼ųīʮ׼ӡġ˼٣Ҫƭ׼־ܵ۾ûܡںȺˣսҲ㹻ǿ󡣵µģҲֻкһ˰ˣ
ˮ׼𣬰һ׽ļ壬Ҳ׼𣬵ȴÿ׼𣬶
Щħʿ֮⣬ĸ׼ϲ֣
ǵҪĿ꣬ʵǳīɣ
ֻҪɱ԰γħӡļһ͵Ƶ˳īȺȫļƻ
ͬ뿪ƬռĿھɱ˾ߡʱ򣬳īҪǣûضȥ
߸׼𾳽ħߣĶܺãǿռ䣬룬ôɱȻǳɱˣ
ȴȫһ£˵Ⱥ߸ϵĶʿûзϵһ¡
ǾǣīĹϵ
īȻڻпٳһռ䣬Ǿ˵ȥ飡
Ǹ֪ƬռУīף
׼ȷ˵īףֵģǽޱ
ԣòźЩ˳֣īԼ͹ˡ
ֱӹͨ˽ޱˡͬʱ֣һӣͽϢ׼ѹڵ
˶ˣ
һյ׼ܣһЩ׼˳ʿȫɵۡ
ʲô
һ뵽ǷǸе˼ǣķȻǿ󵽿Խ׼ĳ̶
Ȼǲ֪еķԽ׼ʥˡܽ
ȻҪӡʥˣǱһʥĲٿ£ſԡȻͬΪʥ˲ٿػķҲû취һʥˡ
ΪҪǶԷ̶ȡ
ܲɣ۽黹ޱʥռеķ˽̶ȣޱȾ
һȺ׼𣬶˵ûκѶȡ
ŰֱӾըˣ
˶ŰٻոȥЩˣ
ûˣ
䣡
̫ˣߴ׼˲䱻ӡ
֮ǰӷӡʮ׼ʱƺҲûôװ
㶮ʲôǳյˡ
ֱ˼飡
Űֱը˹
ո뿪Щ˵Уд󲿷֣˲ٴν뵽
൱ӴһȺˣǶûٻصΪûŰ壬һЩϢͨҲûô졣ˣȺ˴һĺϷ
׼𾳽Ĵܣȫգһϵ飬ɼǵУǾ֡ȴܶڲԡĻ
īֱ߹ȥȻɴĳ֣򱬣
ȻУ߿īɢźħϢħ֡
зǳʹ˵Щˣľ
̫ˣ
Ҳ̫ɴˣ
˵ĻᶼٸЩ׼ֱӳ֡
ˣѾǳ׵׵ħˡǲǵȡīָеħ˵
ڳĶʿȻǵħִŵ˭
˵ļȫʹѡ
ǶʿѾһħһ죬ҲΪħֵϡһк;ħ֡Ѫħϡī˵ţҲ̲ס̾ѪħֶΣǿֲƥ
ԭΪѪħֻһַʽɵڿ˵һγ֮šȥôаʣѪħֶΣ̾
ˣĸԸѪħͣǿħֻɵĽ棬ȫ֪
ī֪Ѫħһ׼ô׶ԸѪħľ裬һΡѾؼλյ桭һȥ
𰡡
īоЩ࣬ࡣ
̫ѶԸˣ
ѣҲȥԡΪӱԶ⡣
߿ħȫ뵽¯УīһβԥȺлŵ׼Ҳˡ
ֱӻһƬЩħļ塣
ȺʼƬ
һʮ߸׼𾳽ܵļ壬ǧ֮࣡
˸ոǳ粨֮ȫԡȫĬĹۿš
īһɣɳųīͷʾԼû⡣
󣬳īֱ·󣬾ô˵棬ղ
ȻµȴʿΪɻ
󣬳īɵʫǰ
Ŀ⣬ɨһѩƋOСѾЩ˵ӡ
ǧȴû˿ڡ
īĿʫȴ˶ⶵŮӣһЦİɣûµġ
ţ֪ʫͷȻһֻ֣ĵǣҵֹȥ𣿡
īʫһĨ֪ʫʵЩµġ
ؼǱߣһˣ棬վ鲻ǰ
īͷ˵㸸𣿡
ʫԥһ£֮ǰīѾ׵ʵʫҲǺԼ׵ġգҡҡͷҳûˣټɡڡħ壬Ҳ̫
īˣʫȻ£ȻؼңѾûˡվǴħӡģ¿ףٰѸ׸Ⱦˡ
ֿ΢΢⣬ʵŨѪ֮໥ǣҡ
߰ɡīǣʫ֣ȻƬ
Ѿޱӡ
ʫɫ΢죬Ŀųīˣȥɡ
ڹóīǣ֣Ѿʫļˡ棬ʵѾɬ¡δ֪Ŀ־壬ҲȫȻɬ嵭
ɡīЦ˵
ǣôУ㲻˵ᱻȻ𣿡ʫųī
īЦЦģȲң
֮ǰ⼸ɶȻħߣīһֱߣԷҵľ˺˽⡣֮ǰɽ磬īҲܹŶȻһΣҪٴһ£⵽һ
īĵںϵǰټ֮
ͨҲǸָ
ּټ֮ԼĵԼĹǳīһֱ׷
ʫȰҲֻɵóīУȴо쳣ۡ
Ⱥм䣬һŮӣƽҲûʲôرĿŸ֮ϵɣâ˸Ȼֿһ۵ȴȻȺķ
ī
ΪΪ̫ΣաŮֹһ䣬Ȼν䵭ʧ
뿪ˡ


1303 
Ůʧ˲䣬īеǷһۣܿջ
̫ˣ¸ոһ֮࣬ʣµģֵõϢģٻǧˣ
ȻīʶҲĺڶʱ䣬ҳе쳣
ͱ߿ȫΧǸһ𣬾ĵȴš
͵ģ˲Ŀͷ޵ʲôͷ֪Ӧǳī
ЩĿ⣬һӶҲǲмЦޣȫҶޣүֲһֲ
ϥգһţӷ𣡡
䣡
һɫķ࣬ɵ֣أǷ༸Ƭռ䡣
ޱߣλ̾
˫۾˿ȫɵϡ
Ҳǳīյԭ֮һɵõӦõ
Ȳ
ӦĿ
ʱԼʺһԷֳݵĿ⡣
׼֮һ֣صĴӻͳһѾԭɫСľ㡣Сһá

һӴһ㣬˲䴫Ƭռ䣡
У̺һɲ˼ȻǽЩˣҲȫ̲סһ񡣸оз·һͷȵˣȫһ𾪵ĿµСӰһ̣ԵúСӰУ˲ޱȸߴ
īľҲ΢΢һһ˸ܵĶࡣͬʱҲһ˿ĵǡ
֮ǰɶħɴûȡСľ̫࣬ҲһЩīаοԼ
ʵϣԴ飬īһֱһֲԤСܸоɻ⡣ɲϳϣҲҲֹķ
ʱ򣬿ʼоһֻ֣ϵֻľ㣬ķľļӳ֮£øǿ
һɫзɳ·Ʈɢȥ
һƺߣѸٵıЩħߵ嵱г
ܿ죬һħ࣬γˡ
һΣûóī֣ޱڰֱù֮ѹ
ڻħһôȫ򣬶ǿƿصģ
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ɵоԽԽħ࣬ʼӶĳ֡ÿһ𣬾ͻᱻһ
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嫵ѾƬա
һ̣óӰʯʿСʼ¼һĻ
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ʱԶȺУȻɳٵӰŽȻ˹ȥȫڵһʱʩչȫľѧ
ͼɵķҪƬ磡
ⲻǵңҪˣ
ŭ𣬳Ⱥ˹ȥ
ǵٶ̫ˣһ׼˺ܳʱ䣬˲֣Ҫһֲ
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ЩȫѪū
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飡
һӽʿһ߽׵Ϣţݺһ硣
ǽ磬ͬһ㣬Ĵӵɢȴޱȼ̣ûбơ
߽׵ڶǽɫУȻ併һףֱʿϡ
ⲻ٣ȴ֮׿ֲ
⣬ǹ֮ף
꣡
߽׵ֱӱûҷ
ͬԪһһ˲䣬ĥ
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ϰٵ֮ףϰٵӰֻһֵĹͽϰȫĨɱڵ
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ϰʿȫǵĴа磬ǲܵκεطȫһǿ
Ȼһ׵綼Ųȥ
ʱԭͿԽѪʿԺͬʱһͷ磬Ҫ֮ǰġ
Щԭܽʿص磬ƾ޾ľη
£ǿ£
ѪħЩѪūѽ֮⣬˵֮£ҲܺùѪħѪ֮¡ԣȺǰ̣ȫ˹
Ⱥ˵Ҳһ൱ֲ֮֡ڣ
ɶ˻һ
󣬷׵ٶȶЩҪˣ
һĻҲ׾ЩʿһȺ˵ĺηһ棬ȴֲĸо֮ǰζ벻֮УߣȻǱôħ壡
Щ˵Ŀ겻ǳīǵĻǺôѾ˸ȥˡ
īʼվʫߣɷ̺ŵи
Ⱥɶ˻һѪūûзϡֻһȺֻܻеĿˡȻûðôһ죬Ҳһ̶ȵʧȴ޷ĸ
˵ǵģֻѪħزˡ
ߵ֮ҾҪ·ˡΣҲҪһƵ
īš
ʱоķͻȻһ˿˿Ĳܹܵ˿ˣǳϡ١в˸оˣ̲ס̧ͷŽɫâӰ
īҲ̧ͷЩǵĿɣȻ뿪ֱӷϸ졣ɵԣֱӴ߶Ҿеı־ǰ־嫵ľ˷ļƷ쾧ʯӿ
ԪصҲ֮
īһֱǣɵֶȥ
ɵ˲ָƽȣǲ԰׵ɫҲ¶˼Ѫɫ˵̬ƽʹ飬·࣬ҪΪһˣ
Ƿ𷨵߾еı֣ɷĴܲ֡
īеĵǣҲǿ
ǧҪ£ͦס
īп
˳īɵ״̬ʼϻָõķȥչ
ħ಻γɣһγɣͻᱻޱ÷ն𣬵ʡ˺ܶ鷳ٿԲ÷ڴˡ
ҹ󣬾ħߣѾװγħµӡʫѾĿһ۳īȻһݣȻȥ
кܶླʿӡûбװγ
īϵʩչֶΣΪɲȻܹоɵ˥ڲϼ١
ֻܸоֱ仯ˣࡣΪɵķʼƽȣľû䡣
ҹȥѾҹ
ˣѾ׻ָˣȻĬĬпھ뿪ȫҪʱ
Ϸ𷨣γħеӡȻû̫˺ҲҪһʱġЩ֮ǰȫյɰл
ľ֮ĸ
оĵ죡
һħߣҲ뿪Ƭʱ
ɵķֹͣˡ
ȴƬգǾ޴ĽɫǽɫޱʵżƮ
سյĴڽɢ
ؼ䣬ֻʣСӰԼǾ޴ƥ
ʱ򣬽Ȼۼˣ֪ΪΣкȻӿһɾ޴˸
ǲȺеħ׼ͬҲܵɱˡ
̲סһˣͬ


1304 Զ
īУӿһɾ޴ıˣһֱеĲԤԴԺηˡһֱЩԾڻпһƬռ䣬Ȼһԣ׽нħʿšԭȻѾʵ׼
Сɮɣʩ
⺢Ʒã츳ҲãߵģȴŭĿյ·ǵǿĳҡ
ģԺɾҳīֵܣһᾡܵıһȫ
ȻСɮģȷɷġ
ȴϣΣ㶼ܺúûš
Сɮˡ
һ׮׮һĻĻڳīԺУû뵽ɮˣղûŭĿյ·Ҳûǵ̫ĳҡȴѡȡ·
ī̲סͷı־磬ϲŭɫڴ˿̣۽ȴһƬʪѹúܶԲϺеС
ɵ壬һνһϵķ𷨣ҪСңȫҡ
־Ĳʲô˶ӵеġҲʲô˶ӵеģ
ɿųīҪΪѹҵѡʦ˵ҪôŭĿ֮·յĽֲãҪôҪȡ·ϡҵ
ҴӦϺУҪһһȫġī
ɲǱԶһľһνһһжɿųīһƽ͵΢ЦϣųâǱ壬ڹâз衣
ÿһ飬䣬һССģϷ죡
û뿪ЩˣȫһĻˣǲ֪׷ʲô飬ֻǾ鱻𺳵ˡһĻ˸
ʱзţӷ𡣡
ССɣͬʱзţӷ𣡡
˼һĻٴγ֡ССɣʼһϱǷ̫ҫۣҲˡī޷ֱӡ浽׷ʲô
ֻкķϴ
УٴγһصĴࡣ
࣬ȴɵģһģһ
ɷˣ
ǧƣȡ壬ճʣ
̤һبźе·ֱͣӳɷˣ
ɷ֮ƬգҲ޷ķࡣɵΣһӾʧˡ
ٱǰЩϲЩεڳīľʶ𣺡ɷ֮ڣֻޡҵһ֮ʱֻҪһɣСɮǰ
īûлشֻĬĬĵ˵ͷп·ǧҪȴĹãȻ֪ôӺ˵Ҳ֪ø˵
ܶ飬ƬĿռУȻͣδȫɢǾ޴ɫ̲סֱӹ˫ֺʮһϵ˵ɷʦߺã粻н硭Ҳȥ֮Ҿ޽һĤݣ
ţи˹£ɷʦһ·ߺãȥ֮޽Ĥݣ
һϿɣһֳ׵Ľܣ
ȻЩʿԷ̸ǴӽȴȫΪɵͽ
ȡ»ȡ칦£Ȼ̵ˣҲ˵һ
īĬĬĿţѹѹһƬȺ¶ֵοȻһʧƬյС
ʥ˵زʣΪۻ
˵زʣʵʥһִǻ۵֣ʥ˿еأʵϱУһģƽȵġ
зḻ飬ͬҲĮ̵ħ塣
Ҳû˾ħǧֶΣͨߣҲָ֮ͬͬȡˡ
ˣʵ٣Ҳûٹ
ī뿪˻磬ȥһ֮ǣ̸˺ܾáȻͨ磬ʫһЩˡī˴ԴԼûһҵս
֮ǵ꣬ǻͷƮ칬ͽ֮ǣ԰У
Ψīܷĵȥ
һгǣǲ֪īҪȥʲôŰϵϢȴҲԲµõ
϶ҪȥѰһ
棬Ѫħĸ֣ȫףīԵջ
ȡ壬н硣īҲû˶˥ͬΪн磬ֻҪɵӣͶ֪īʲôĿʲô
˵īҪȥ飬磬¶Ҳ˸Ҹͬ·
һӡԼʮ꣬յһȻṳ̂𾳽磬ȴѾԽ׼аħͷ
ڣͬԴɽһƾƣԱѹҪɽûΪܳɹ
ԣīһȥעһ׳֮·
£޳ɳīȥѰѪħ档Ϊ֮ǰħ£н磬γ̫˳Ѫħ϶Ѿ֪һеľȻʱ򣬳īʧ
ȥʲôˣ⻹ò
ѪħֻҪɵƾ뵽Ѫħɵн磬Ҳûһ˸˵仰
īó壬ȻϵЩһصˡҪ
ˮ԰īҪͬС
īܾ
㲻ȥȥҲûκ塣īˮ˵ҳɹˣȻԴϲʧܣô磬ĵЩˣǻҪİء
ˮĿųīȻͷģийص˺£ҶţԲȢңˣΪعѣ
˵꣬ˮˣߵĺܸɴ࣬ûһ˿ԥ
ҲˣҪͬȥīֱӸߣˣӳ죬Ѷࡣһϣܺúûš壬ܵʲôʱ򣬶ҵһƬľ
˵ħ鹲ͬĵˣڣڣ粻ڣҲˡ
ǿųīҵļѾûˣ׷ߣҡҪҲҾ档
īǣ·԰
Ǻ£һɣ·ҲиӦסҪİ
ī̾Ϣһ׺¹ùõ˼£ƿصģԼ֪ܻܲ
ΨһƾģϣѪħز֣²Ѿ֪ѪħĲֿ֮ܣʵͬ΢΢Ϊ֪¡
īƷһϢ֪ԼҪһʱ䡣ƹȻûлظ֮ǰڻƬռ䵱УīҲûмƵӰ
ҲһϢͬʯһ㣬ûеõظ
īЩǡʱѾȥˡΪ壬ѾųһصЩˣ
īȺȻĵˣȫ湪ʩ񣺡ү


1305 С
īȺˣ꺺ӣ׳Сɬãнٸе̴ĴߡǵϣȻɢǹɴӵϢǵҲɵӡ
ֻЩĻĻΪǾһȺصˣ䷲ûʲô
ǵϣȫˡ
صˣ
꺺ԭӦǸѪޱȳӯʢˣȻڳīǰҪˡīҪܸоƣ
Цеٸųīһϲʵϣеİˣ꺺ӻҪء
Ϊÿһεսֱӳǰģ
׳Сӣ̴ĴߣЩ˶һŬҪڳīǰֳ
ϵƣѹƲסųīҲˣʱ䣬׾ҵս
ʱȺ˵Ϣ
ĺܶˣǻѰһ󣬻Ѿص˳һءһȺ˲ûҵҲȫûţ
һֱս
īħħȺˣȴħ
̴ͷЦпųīС˵үҵ϶ϳ
īͷҲ£һӦҲ
У߰ɣʱȺˣסһү𣿡̴ͷܸɴֱֹ࣬
ϵˡīͷҪһ¡
үкܶ༫Ʒҩ𣿿óٸһ㶼Ŀųī˵
īϲָоǰȺˣѾǳһˡԽǸ⣬棬Խů
Ϊ⣬һӦеദʽ
īֱӴȡҩҷӣ˼ξҺ
ҲûоܾһֱڳīߣѾѳīʱΪ֪˷ӺͻƽЩҩ
īҪȥǼΣյ飬ӵЩƷҩҲֻ塣
үȻǮٸϲ̵Ľӹ˳īóĵҩĿ䵽īУ׳ľҺʱЦȻֹһ𺳵ĵ⡭ǣ
̴ͷҲסһŵĿųī߰˵εİɫҺ塣
һֻ߰˵ΰɫҺ壬ÿһΣȥֻлƶСӨ͸ģɢŵڳīϷתţһ㡣
꺺һصĵҩıҺԡû˵꣬Լҡͷһ𾪵ĵ׼ʥҩ
īͷ׼ʥҩָҵƣӦûԡ
ٸ̲סַųīһĵү⻰˵ġʲôлԣ⡭Ѿ̫ˣԵĺܹ˺ðɣ
һ׳СӣһСֹе˷ˡֱҺƳҩء
̴ͷĿһ۳īȻһˣȻүһƬ⣬Ҿͷ˰ɣ
һƬȫһ˷ܵΧǸлīȻСȡһ׼ʥҩľҺ
ÿȫһΡ飬īܲܡ
Ⱥ˿ȥˣĸųԽǿս
ǻȫ׼𣬵ǾһȺˣ
һȺˣɵǲ֪Եʲô𣿵̴ͷֱ赭дľͰǣѪħزֵˡ֪Ǳɵһ
Щˣûһⷽһ䣡
ԳīͳľҺȫһмСߡ£Ȼһ顣
īиеʮһȥ޻صսһעˡᱯճս޾壬ȺˣҲ޾壡
ʵϣ޾˻кܶ࣬īѾȥôˡ𾳽Ĵڣٶ࣬Ҳûʲô塣ʱȻЩүүΪʲôûؼҡүүҪнһ˿ֵĳԡ
ϧؼҵˣز֣ȫͲүү뷨޷˵ѡħΪԼܹϸһ¥ϧнˮ
ǰȺ˱ǧǧѪԵʿزˣһǰ࣡
īһҲһ
Ҫɽ١
ī˱߿˸꣬˷Ҳ˻ƽӡŵĻƽΣԼļƷ쾧ʯȫˡ
꣬Ӻͻƽи˺¹ùãƽΣҲ˺¹ùá
ӣƽΣǶʦдáгһʦһʦīź¡Ȼֶеķ˵ˣ
еķһ̾ԵĻŻ
īͷһģ
꿴ųīزҺͷӣлƽǻػߵһꡣȻǻȥ
áīͷ
ʱ򣬱߿ųīһһֱػ˵ЩߡҪսһ
īű߿Ҫغá
ī±߿æػߵȺˡ
ʫǽ·ڣʱѾˡܻŻһȻվɡزҲֻϣЩˣܹõܺõչˡ
磬ӴϿԳһ˵Ǻġ
¿ųīԥһ£
īͷź£ֱ뿪֮ǣɳһƬӡĵطһɽͷ
ȻóһŽССͨοգƽһξѪҰ𵽻ա
ī룬ûоܾ
֣ոסƽС򣬱оһ˿ǿҵĴʹһξѪȡˡ
󣬺¿ʼֱ֣ӻһɫޱء󣬺µɫЩ԰ס
ۣ
һѪѪУȻ̺ĵľѪ
ֱڷ棡
䣡
һɺϢ˲䱬ȻͬеĽСһʧӰ١
ǽСһγīľѪȴ˲ʧȥ˶ǵѪĸӦ
СƮŮСżȻѰһƷ׿ƲߣƺֻĲΡʵϣ⣬ҲءŮ۶˵͸Сľɷ֣·̺ĳżȻȻġ̺ܣҪоʱŮɫ԰ףЩ˵⣬̾Ϣһ
ī֪ǸʱӦƮŮ۵ĺˡûʱ;ȥоСеˡ
īź£ʩһոòһǽС򣬽һ޷֪̽Ĵ𸴡֪ʲôƷףīеôԾǿһ
ΪһЩԭвȱﲻĲΣ϶ҲǳԽʥĴڡ
޷֪̽ôŽС򣬿϶̺ľ޴ܡ
½˵طһ㾫ѪСĻ浱УҵľѪڸһУסκˣ㶼Ҫ¡һŵơ
īͷİɹùãҶġ


1306 鵤õɽ
գī˸û̫Ļе˲ࡣΪһεжܽеġѪħ϶вٵߣģǻݾߡ
һսȻգȻ󱬷һ貵Ĺâ˲ʧԭء
սʧ˲䣬۽ᣬʵĿսʧķૣһҪҪŻҪ㣬ǶҪ㣡
ᱧ˱壬İɣŻġ
̵Ҳ˵һܹŻ
ͷȻ˵Ů˵˺ǿ󡣡
Ǿ͸ûˣİɡ˵š
սĸٺУīվϴԱߣİ档վԣҲĬš
ʵĲӦøһġī
ʵţһˣһܹƽġе¶һƤЦݣޱߡ
ī΢΢һ
΢죬ȻһֱţΨоѪĥ£ɳ
ֳֻɳÿ˶Ҫġī˵
ʱǴ帾ٸͻȻһ߹ԶԶľЦûд̸˵ɣ
ɫ糺죬֡ٸ
ȻӴʱ䲻ǶٸĿѾᣬ̹ˡ
㡣Ǹٸк֮󣬾ҲƵˡ
ȻٸЦеĿųīǲء
īͷߣҪû£Ժúþһ˻ûȫذɣ
ٸ˵ͺˣ׼ʥҩľҺСʲô˵ţٸһĿųīүˮҵĹʲôʱѽ㲻ףȺ֪ǣʵ̤ʵء
īЦЦˣʲô֪
ƭңٸһСѾ㿴˵ı飬бųīҪҪҸ
ˣҪˡīٸҲͦͷ۵ġ֪ԼҵصǸʲôطȻô
ʱ򣬵̴ͷһԻ߹һٸѾͷϽȥȥΪһ𣿱ⷳү
īæ˵û£ûµġ
ٸ࣬ȻЦˡ
ͷ̴ߵīԣīվţȻү塣
Ҳīͷ֪Ƕнɡ
ͷͷүͨ˵үүʵҲǺܹĵġ
ţ֪ҴӽǾܸܵī˵
ͷһ۳īȻ˵һΣѪħүֻҪһ£ҵһȻ󣬽ƻ飬үġүֻҪƻȻԶߡүôһ·ɳıӦò
أīͷ˼ǣǲҪסֲĴڣҪȡʱߣ
ͷü˵Ӧġ
ûʲôӦġҵǵֵǮī˵
үǵֵǮˡͷ˵ţȻ̾һ˵ݵλ⣬үδзչǣȴûʲôչˡѾ·ߵ˾ͷˡ
˭һġī˵
ͷЦЦȻ˵ҲţүǲӷҸүүĹ°ɡ£Ҳ˵ģഫˡ
ˣīͷ
ͷһ̴Цҡҡͷû£ʲô鶼ûУ
īҡͷЦӳسȺˣⷽ棬Ǿ˵ơ
ͷīһĹ
ܶ£īǵһ˵Ҳúʡͷһ̴߳һ߸īšսĻڵ棬δ֪ԶϺšһƬƬԶԶ˦ں档
Ѫħĵط൱ңԶ׼ȥĴ꣬Ĳ̫ҵ
ʱһȥ
ī뿪磬Ѿʮʱˡ
֮ǰɶħӰ죬ûȫɢȻ̸顣̸Сеΰ磬ʼ˽Ȼһɵ񣬱С
Ҳк̸ܶ۳īṫӣнʿĵ䷶
˵ɣӵī
пһ仰
ȻҲ˶仰е⡣
ȻЩѪħѪūצͺܲͬʱҲܻ̿֡ΪѪħǰѳīҳϧһдҲҪɵī
ôʱȥˣīһѶޡ
̫ˣҪҳһĲס˵һ磬ӵŲɺĴơ
ȺˣԭͶǼùġҪ͵šԣҪҳīɱһɵ
Ҳ˵ȺѪūʱпܱŭѪħĨɱ
ıħܿͻήٵ䣬硣ЩѪħѪū˵ǵᷢκθı䡣
ֻܱø⡣
̲סҪɱܡ
ѪūԼƿصС
ԣԽԽѪūʼ֮ǵķȥǲȥҳīȥɱġ
ˣѪūӿ֮ǣҲЩһš
ΪǽˣЩѪūȥ֮ɱģ
Ѫħ桭ֲ̫ˣ
˭ֹ
Ѿн磬ͬ۵һ⡣
֪ʱ鵤ߣһΪ֪顣
ǹƵġ
鵤õľŸңֱһɽΪ鵤õľɽÿһɽֱǸҵ
鵤ôϱչصĵطͽɽ
ɽߣֻмɣȥɽҲͦƽģ̫֮
ʵϣɽȴһһǧͷ
ΪŨĵط
ͷ
󵱼չأѾмǧ֮ãӲ¡ֻڶʮǰعһΣͻȻȢһŮӣһ˫Ů
һ˫ŮŮĽƣ鵤õСӣе㣬ҲеһԱǶ콾㡣
ȻŮ󵱼Ҷһ˫Ůȴû̫ĹգҲо̫顣
ˣǽƣǵܵ㣬ʵ϶׵ĸ鶼̫봺ǡ
ƺܶԼĸ׶ûʲôӡ󣬶Դˣ鵤õĳǵ˵˵ǵʱѲ
ƺСʱ˵һֱŲɣΪ㻹˺ܶ꣬ԼĴڣĸףһֱͻ
󣬽̸Լĸ׵ʱ򣬶˵ȴһǿҵĻɡ
˵ģǵĸڱչǧ֮ͻȻȢ˵Ůˣ;Ӧһͨˡ
ҲһΪʿɣôΪһʿӵʱ򣬻ѲⱾһЦ
ʿľĸʿԼ岻ָƣôѲ
˵ˣ鵤ʲôطǿнĵҩ̣ҽҲд󵱼ҵĸǸ̳
鵤õĴ󵱼ң˾ȻѲȥû˻ţǻЦ
ɲƺ׷ʣõĴ𰸣Զһ


1307 Ҿħ
ĸףȷѲ
͵͵ʹ봺Լĸһˣ⣬봺һֱʾ治֪ΪĲ˽Ƶĸס
ǰЩ꣬봺ƽ磬ҲīһΣƵٴѯʣ봺˵һ㡣
Ҳ֪ΪʲôͻȻȢĸףʵϣǶ飬Ҳоǳѽ⣬ΪĸһصصеķˣһΪû֡ûеġòĻ㻹ҪƯ
봺ʱ㸸ͻȻأȻȥһȦĸף˵ҪˡҪ֪㸸ȻѾ˽꣬ģȴǳӢˡóĸ׺ܰǵʱܷѽ󵱼ΪʲôҪȢһеķˣҲԴ˱ףֻЩǣһˣֻаԪ㸸Ȣİ֮ҪݺһΣ
˳֮󣬲û鵤סУΪ㸸˵ĸ׵ԸϲҲϲסĵط˵ϲ֡ԴˣҲʾ⡣Ͼ鵤õɽ䷲˿ֱǸ֮أȷį
ˣ鵤ãøּƷҩ㡣ʱǶܿġΪ鵤öһСܸоĸ׵ʱе㲻áӦҲԺܹһЩûֱֻʱ򣬿޵Щġ
ֹ꣬ܵҲˡһΣ㸸ףһ˱ܻܵʱ㲡ȫһ˽Ĵʿȥġ˵ĸףܵܵʱѲˡǵʱҲе㻳ɡϾ㸸׵ı£Ҫ׹ǻ˶Сһ׮ôĸѲ
ǲ֪ԭܵϡ̫ܵܵǿĸףһ߷塣ܻܵܣɹѾһ˼ˡ㸸ʵ֪ʣ֮ܵĸױɡѲеоܵܳɣ˥߶
Ƶʱ˷봺ⷬ˶סˣиеޱʹ̲ס档
û뵽ȻܵһֱĸײѲҲòǡŪˣȷѲȴȻǸܵйء
Ƶʱʷ봺鵤鵤Ϊʲôܸĸ׷һЩıĸ׵ʡ
봺ʱЩΣЦӣѵ㲻鵤õҩǷܹܵģ
ʣǸΪ鵤õĴ󵱼ңֶμߣôû취ıĸ׵ʣ
⣬봺ҲĬˣֻǾƴӽԺҲҪ⡣ҲҪᣬҲҪȥ˵
ţ߾ͺúûš
Ƿ봺飬˵һ仰
Ƶȷûн֪ܵܣΪ֪࣬һ޷ִ
ĸκһӵĿУʥǸˡ֪ĸΪԼģ˭еھΣһ
ԣ֮ƾû¡
īĴħĴѰħЩˡȻ֪ġ
һֱīʲôϢܻڵһʱһͬǰʱ䣬īԴȥˮҰݷ֮󣬾ҲûиϢ
ԴЩʧ䣬ҲЩġһֱΪǼ£ī϶ǲ֪ģڳīһΣֻһͬһ飬ͬѡ
Բںܺã鵤Ҳһֱõĺϵ
һֱôΪģȻеˣĲΪʱʿ㲻ϵĳī֪Ǻˮе׷ʲô
ԣīȥˮ֮ûٸϢЩģҲЩգеһŨŨʧ͵ļʡȴҲûٸīʲôϢ
ΪҲǸĹŵīġҸ
Щ飬ЩʶܲԼô򵥡
Ϊīûˮ̫ͣãҲûдīˮϢ
ӿħ屻īѹȻڻУרſһռ䣬ǸɮɣΪ
ʵ죬ƺȥīһ档
Ů˵ֱʵѾʶƺʲôΣԼͷЩҪŪ
ûüȥīͱˣ£ܵ㣬Ҳ¡
סǵˣǽܵĸס鵤ô󵱼ңɽ
ǽ֮⣬û֪󵱼ҳع̣Ӻǣץչ֮أһһʱ䡣
ͻıʣƺȫסˣǿǰϤİ꣬Щн
֮󣬾Ͳ֪վһԣ֪˵ʲôˡ
ɽλ鵤õĴ󵱼ңȥҲʮ꣬һ£ͷڷһ㡣üŨƤ𪣬˫Ŀ񣬿ȥҲʮִҲܺãŲ׳ʵȴǳ˶
ǰһ˫Ůɽϣû¶κϲɫƽ˵֪ҽʲô𣿡
ƴŵʵѵΪ׺ܶûǽܣЩˣ
ͷ̫Ҹ˵ѾɳΪĵˡԸףȻèĸо
ǣɽŨü΢΢һһЦϵı飬ƺЩأҲЩӡ
Ƶ濩һ£Ȼֲĸо־Щ˼顣ѵ˵ԼʱΣֱȻԼף
⡭ôأ
ʳӣѵԼĸףԼɣ
ʵǳ츳ȻܵܣͷԣȴҪǿ̫ࡣ
һ뵽ĸ׵ݣĸ׵Ϊʲôڱչô֮ͻȻȢĸˡϺ봺һڻԼ˵ĻԼīӶĴħ壬ȴȻϵˡ
ƵɫһӱЩס
棬˲һַǳ־Ĳ²⡣
ѾµһʲôûϵԴ󵨵˵ϾҵŮɽŨŨĽüĿ˵
ħߣԼ侲̧ͷİϤ¸ҵĶһΣǵŮԸ׵ǣҲ׵ûˡ
һ͵̧ͷ˼ĿԼĸףʧôܣ
ΪʲôܣɽһЦҾħ߰


1308 Ƕħ壿
׿ڳϣƺ˵͵һ׻һ㣬˲䶼ûѪɫ
ɫ԰ףֽűĿԼĸףûгĬֱʵôħߣЩħֵħߣЩһɣ
˵ʲôһ˵ǸŮһҲԵ֡ɽһЦȻһָҲ
Ȼһ˼ı飬૵ôܣⲻܣһģ
㣡ͻȻǳһСκǳƤĵܵһ
ͻȻعԼĽ㡣
ˣһָǱһӡ
ʧǵ߹ȥһƨȻͿʼĬ
˳ɳΪ鵤̫ӣѾЩʼˡ
Ҫ򶨵ö࣬ϣ¶һ˿΢Цɽ˶̲סЩ΢΢еԾ
ʵ뵽ģ׵ȢĸףҲΪ飬԰ɣƺֱӵʵ
ʧǵ㣬̲סһԼĽ㣬ףö˶˵ģôͻȻӡҲãҲãôһӱôˣ
Сϰߣûвԡ
ô֪Ϊ飿ɽһ䡣
˵һɽչأǧ겻һεˣͻȻȢһеķŮӣΪ飿
ǺǣҵŮɽһ䣬תͷȴ˵´ˣΪ顣
ҲţƿŸף˵Ҵ£̫á
š˵Ҳԣʵ㣬봺ЩˣҲһֱڻҵĶûκ֤ݣҲûκεҡɽ˵鵤ãҵ洴ġҲ˵ҵĲҵûκɣȥԼҵĲҵңǿһķŮӰˣȢҲãҲգʵûʲô
ɽ˵ţһƣʵǶˣǵĸȻǸˣһΪûУһͨˡ
ʲô˼üŸס
һصصħ塣ɽ˵
ܣƼֱվһŭĵ㲻Ҫҵĸף
ôʲô£šɽһ壬˵
Ƶ嶼ЩԼĸףĬãȥ
ɽһЦȷ£κһˣ¶޷ܡԼĸףôһħأҿԺܸĸǣ£ǧȷ
˵ţɽֱȡһӰʯӸƣԼ
ƽӹþУӰӰʯͶ
УһվŮӣЦȻ۲תĿơ֪ŮӿĲӰʯ¼ˡӦԼĸˡ
һǼĸ׻ģȻϵŮӾĸס
ɽ˵ǵŮĻ᲻ңŮ˵ᣬǳ
ƵˮҲûסһʳ
֮⣬ɽҵǾãӦøҶһЩ
ȥһԷġĻУ͸ĸ顣
̲סһԼĸףո˵ȢĸײΪ飬׷⻭Ͽƺиġôܣ
ɽ˵ſ
֮Ļ棬ճеƽ档ɽȻһֱûгڻУȴһֱڰš
κ˿ˣãӰʯ¼һһɽǰŻŮ˵ġ
ƺ㣬Ҳȫôá
ʱ򣬻һ䣬ŮƺЩˣ˵ɽ˵ħ᲻ٴˣ
Ҿûᡣɽ˵
Ƿ˵ԸһΪԸһˣҲӳȥˣΪʲôǲŹңŮЩյ˵Ҳã꺢ӾˣҲЩķĻ档
ƴסˡ
Ҳסˡ
ȫû취ġ
֮⣬ɽ̾ϢǺοࣿħҪ´ҲȫΪ㣬Ҫռ磬ɽ硢硭ǶҪ飬޷赲ġ˵ұͶħ塣ȻǰѾߡʵϣǵУȻħѪҺ
ƺˣһδסˡ뿴ףгǿҵɻ
ɽû˵ֻǿӰʯͶųĻ棬ѵõ¶֮ɫ
ô˵ҸϲˡԸħŮ̾Ϣţϧһ˫ŮǴСûܿġһΣֲ֪ҪáԶҪѹ
⣬ɽ˵˵ʲôأʲôԶҪѹѵ㲻ңټĺӣ
ѽô룿ҲһĸףǳҶǽһŮӾ죬ϣ¶һĨ֮ɫǲаһʱ΢һ㣬Щ˾ͻ֪ҵĴڣұҪȥֻҪһţħԶ硣ǿա
˺ˣ˵Щˣܻнİ취˵һȻվЩħһεĴȥ⣬ɽڰοŮӡ
һôǿʢɹˣʲôվɽҲúɣħٴδҪվһߡŮ˵
Ȼվһߡ⴫ɽҵУħѪҺҲȥһɱħ塣㣬ΪħĹȴֱǲ׷ɱͬʹǡЩħɱҿ϶ԥûСôֻܱϣҲû֪֮ĹϵôұõѡҲԺܺõı㡣
ɽҲˡӰʯ㲻ӦšŮ̾Ϣ
⣬ɽ˵һ죬һǵĺӿȻٻȥ
ҪŮ˵ǴСĻгɳǶħ岻κκӡҲһܲԼħʵԣɽҪ¸ǡʿԪٳҲоͷıӻ£ħӦòᶯ鵤á˵ҲҪҩԣ㻹ĻԪľͷɡ
˼ǣǵĺӣ죬֪Լʵݣ㲻ǶĲƽ𣿡⣬ɽдżֱˣ֮ǰǸ𣿡
ƺ˿Ѿɵˣ˼˼ʧȥˡûһ󣬽ɽ
ǻи磿
ʱ򣬻ŮҡͷǡǡΪ֪ԼݣܲˣŻѡԾġ
ԣһΣҪĸԼʵݡ֮⣬ɽ浽Ҳֹˡַ֪ʲô֮Ϊ·ɽҲû¼ˡ
ɽһ֣Ӱʯصϣ΢һʱ촷ۡ
ƽĿһ˫Ůڣô
̧ͷɫ԰׵Щˣɽԣǡħ壿


1309 ħĺ
ɽĵͷҵһ濪ʼѾȥ˼Ԫңʼգǵصصħ壬ǵУħ߹ѪҺ
ҵĸҲħ壿Ҳ˵ǵ棬һѪûУһһ䡣
ЩǵĿһԼĵܵܡ
ɽȴûеһĨƽĵͷǵģǵУûһѪǳ
˫ĿĿϣһȻǺЦҴСľħ壬һֱԼǸˣû뵽ҾȻħ壬ЩħֵѪūҪ
ħֵЩѪūʲôɽ˵ЩħײĴڰˡ
ƿԼĸףһɬĵΪʲôĸ׵Ļ£ߣΪʲôǺСʱ򣬾͸ࣿΪʲôѡʱ˵
Ϊٲ˵ĻͻΪһŮˣҵѪͻòɽһĮ˵
㡭ô֪ЩȵĿŸף㲻һֱڱչأ
չؾζҪϢɽЦŴȡһŰ壬žһ£ǰϣʲôУֲϹֲǲʶ֡һΣǻС
ɽûн˵ϵĺ֮ɫȴԱ
͵ĴסɵɵĿĸס
ҲЩ૵Ǽ¡ģ
ǸˡҪѾ񵤳ǣһʬΣɽ˵ţȻҧгīҲŹŮס
ҪƺȻһȻͨһڸǰɱ
ߡɽ˵ǲܣ
Ҫɱˡ̧ͷİʲôԣǲҪɱˡ
ɽ˸粻Ĺâ˵īǳһĺˣҲûôɱŮ⣬û޹ȥľѾ˱˵ġ
ӦˣƵϣ¶ϲɫ
ٺ٣ҴӦӦʵûʲô塣ΪϾҪˡɽЦȻȥƵһ󣬲Ѫħţֶһز֡һʿȻҪǰƵ󣬼ֱ쿪ʣһ㡣
ƸоǱ˲ˣһ̱ڵϣ档
ȻҲʹħ壬ΪʲôȥƵ󣿡ʱڳˣֱŸ׵˫ۣڸոյӰʯУȻõϢ࣬ȴܸоǸǱߵħ岻һҲʹЩħģΪʲô֣ܳƵ󣿡
ңΪʲôҪ֣ɽЦȥôΪѪħǸǸѰ׼ʵǣ˵ңǸյز֣ҪѪħռˣܣĴڣʲô򣿡
ٱȳīǿ󣬲ô˵
ǿʲôãɽȻվЩڵȥȻ˵Ѫħ棬ǲսʤġҲķƵЩȻҲܱãʵϣȴĺܡѪħ濴صȴһĹ󣡱˵īѪħزƲΪħֶξֻô㣿ֱ֮
ƺȫɵˣʱȡŰ壬˵Ҫ
ɽ˵ˣŰ壬ѾղϢˡīǶѾҪѪħƬˡǺǣѪħҲǴ˺ⲽ塣ģǹ㡣ܵī㣬ҲӦøеˡ
Ƶϣһ˿ѪɫǣֻʣһͷˣҲˡ
ʱɽһԼŮȻ˵ҽǽ£Ҫ֪ħ壡صصħ壬ʲôЦħߣЩѪūôܸǱȣԣħ֣˵ûκ塣Ҳ鷳ͷϡŸǺǣԺҲҪɵĳȥЩʿһʲôħɵˡ
һ۵ĿڵϷĽ㣬߹ȥƷȻתͷŸףΪʲô˵ħ᲻ͣ׷ɱȷħ彵ٵ֮Ĳ֣
Ȼˡɽ˵ǵĸףħһħ壬𾳽ģԱ֮Ϊħÿһħͳｮħħеħ֮ϣһħħеħ壬Ϊħħľ磬׼ʥǵĸףǴħСŮ
Ƹ˸оԼԴɷεˡ
š˼顢޷ţ
κˣվƺ˵ĽǶȣ¶û취ġ
˶ʮˣͻȻ䷢Լˣǵصħ壬ˣǵݣħУޱȵ󡣾ȻħͳߵŮ
ôֱǼˣ
˭ţ
УٸһܡɽĿԼһ˫ŮʵһֱչǣǼãţīĹϵҲõķ봺һѪūħֵѪū
ƺ㳹״ˡ
ɽ˵û֪ҵʵݣѪħҲ֪Ȼͨ󣬵۽磬վ޷еѪ봺һ壬ɵҪռ鵤õġǺǡ
ɽЦһˣЩ鵤ãҶӸ봺ȥˡиôʵ˲ţΪʲôأԼҪġҪͼıҵĲҵƾǡе̫ˡ
ƺϣȫޱ𺳵飬Ǹ˵ˡ
˶ʮ꣬ڽһ죬׵߸е֪
봺ЩһֱֵòûиѪħϵ㣬һ⡣վǱħֵˣһ죬ᱻħȡΪѪħһϡɽһ̾£֪ͿˣмǣҪ⴫ˣӽǾչذɣһͷǣҪԵҵһ˫Ů
ҡʲôͷ
˺ܾãƲ̧ͷŸһ䡣


1310 Ҫɽ
Ҳ̲ס̧ͷԼĸס
ɽȴ˾þõĳĬһ˫֮ɫã̾ϢҰħ磬ޱȻԻͣȴѾ˹ơңħԻͶʢļ塣ǵ棬žޣ˫΢츳ͨӾ߳һ·ϡܵճɳΪһħֻϧʥ˾ʧܡ֮һʮ꣬ħų˵ڶ׼ʥĴħĸ׵ǵ⹫
ǣĸΪʲô⵽׷ɱѵ⹫ҲУ¶֮ɫ
ԣⲻħԡħ壬ʵǻᱻӵġħħŮҲ
ħıԣ˽ĮɽԼĶӣͻȻЩпվɳȻеѪҺȻǴħѪҺԸϣȴѾ췭ظı仯ʵԼֺγˣ
ԣҪôħǵ⹫ǾͿԸǡ붼Ҫ롣׷ɱĸ׵ˣɽ˵
ƺɵˡ
ɽ˵ңһħ𣬾ͳ뿪ħ硣Ǹʱ绹׻ƴʱħҲûʲôޡҵ棬ʱ򣬾ͷǳ͵һСҩ̣һĴȥСԣҲû̫˵Ĺעȵ鵤óֵʱѾϴԼݣȻǴħ壬ȴû֪¡λ̫ү֪ҵʵݡ
ɽ˵⣬ƺЩ⣬˵ĸһǰħһħֱ˺յһѷ죬ӲĴ˽Ǽħţ˵һ׼ʥҲһֱӻٵˡĸ״֮Ҳˣñʱһᡣ
ƺĿԼĸףĸ׳ʶǶξ
ɽ˵ʱֻܸоĸҲǴħ壬Ҳ֪ʵݡ֪ʱѾҵˡһжҡ͵һҲħħ׷ɱӵ֮మһ˽ĮħŮһıһиԵŮӡʱЩڣ͵ǼôħҲôŭҲͲ׷šͿԸҳһ𡣵ϧѾǼ£ĸ׾Բˡԣ취ʼϵļÿμʱ䲻ȣʮϰ꣬ǧꡣÿ֮ҲֻҸһظ꣬ңҪĹȫɢȥһˣȻĻͻᱻ֡
ɽ˵⣬̲ס̾ϢһŨŨüӢϣҲ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ĸ͵ʲôôҪ̲סʵ
ɽһЦǶ类ĸ׸ˣȥһС顣
ƺȻһ뵽ʲôƵģĿɿڴĿԼĸף飿
٣꾫壬һΪʥӵļһһοĸףΪˣȥĸ󰮣ĸ׾ܾ֮󣬾ȻģǸСԼӢȻôɽЩҧгݵķŭҵʱҪȥŪĸ׸˵αɱ翼һԡͰǼ˾ʥӣܹסջ󣬲ȥһǧ󣬾͸һ׷Ļᡣ
ƺ̲ס໥һۣԼԴЩŮˣеĸסƺЩһҲûи˵ôȻѸħ屾԰
ȷںˣǶħʥʹױȵħԡʲôʥڰļǹĺڰмܷ壿
Ҳ˵ֻ˵ⶫг̶ȣħΪ׷ɱԼŮⶫ䵽¶ᱻħΪɱ
ǺһС飬Ǻ尡
˵Ҫ֣Ҳֻܹ־ʥ̰ģ̰ģϽôҲͲʲôΣˡ
˵ף̰ı
ҲѾ֪ĸ͵Ǽʲôˡ
ʥ
׼ȷ˵ӦǺڰʥ
һʥ
磬λʮаϵһ
֮ûڵһλΪڵʱûܹ߶׼ȷ˵һֱһѽ²ܱȫ߶չֳȻ˸еս
ǸʥӣһЩ֮󣬹Ȼ̲סҪоȻħˡɽƲƲ죬ʼ磬̯˫˵壬ͳױˡһΪһ֧侫飬Զ磻һ֧׻ָħԵĶӵ½硣ʵӵģûκ塣һħ彵٣ħȻ˶ȵʱĸ׵ĺ⣬ټ֡ᷢһģŹĸףǵҸӣˡ
ƺüֱԴҪˣоߵˣһ壬ıĶǼǧ꣬ã
ǵĸ׵͵̣ҲѪħλؼز֡ͬҲ
ԭɵģֻˡ
гī
Ҳɵѵ֪ҪжΣ
ƻعĶҪˡµ˳īŵǸĹϷʲô
Ű壬Լҵ֮⣬˵飬˵һͨ͸īҲҪ˵£Ϊһİ
Ϊƺ֮Լȥһī֮Ե֣Ҳ͵Ϊֹˡ
Ϊħˣ
͵ȥ֣һΰɡ
ҺãûʼҲûôܡ
Ĳ
һŰϸīЩϢһĬĬᡣ
ɽûֹŮ£ΪһУͽ͵ġûκġ
īˣѾע˵ġڵƮŮ۸ȻûܹѪħزڵƤӵ£Ȼѡ

޾Уڲ֮ϡ
սϢĸٷš
ˣīѾһ·̡
һ죬īҪսͣ
ȫۼųī֪Ҫʲô
ī۾ż֮⣬һž޴ǳ˵ҡУ˼
Ҫʲô̴ͷüͷųī
īһۣ˵Ҫɽ١


1311 
Ҫɽ٣̴ͷЩԾĿųī
īͷԣ⣡
̴ͷЩǵĿųī΢΢üͷȷԼѾ׼ˣ
ΪһϵĴˣ̴ͷҪȱ˸īߵ·һǿƣķǴġ
īͬϣһ߼ѪҲ˵ĳһ֮ʺϳīԣ̴ͷǣȴָ֪īī־磬Ҳû취ָ㡣
Ϊĳ̶ֳ˵īĵѾԽԽˡ
ġī˹дżֵǵĿ⣬ЦȻһս
Щī˵Ȼһעȥ޻ص·ҪŬһ¡ţ޾֮·Ȼһ·ҲҪߵ·ľͷǰ·ǾԼ
޾ԶŵԿٵʱֲпỷһԼ·ܹ춷ض
ô죬Ϊʲôԣ
ī̫ϵ𴫳Ҳ̫ˡѾʼ׼Լ·
õ̴ͷ׳СƤٸ꺺Щӵĳһش˻
ٸ۾գգƺ˵ʲôգûпڡȻƤϲЦⲻûûΡ
īʱɽͻƣζʲôڳ˶
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ȴ޷˵ȥûаη壬ûκԹԡҲֻЩˣϳհɣ
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ֱץī


1312 ص
ԶսϵȫĿɿڴȫɵˡ
⻹𣿡
һ¶޾ĺȻ֮ɫȫɵɵģǺޱȵƲ㵱Уֲֻ̽ɫצ
ƵƲ̫ˣһֱ߸ߵĶѻ֮ϣɾٺ񣬵Ҳû˷ʲôʱȻһ档ҡǵʲô
磬кܶ࣬ȴδ˼ҲһЩȥûκ飬峤ɣͷЩȻǷǳӽѪ顣
йϵĴ˵ʮ־Զ׻ƴڵġ
һʮϡ٣һʱ䣬׻ƴӿһȳƵ岻òԶ硣֮ͿʼˡнҲֻʣЩ岻̶ͬѪ顣
ʱģ᲻һֻΪʲôûܹ˵
ˣܵǹɸϢѹȫ
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īҲͻıʸŪЩԾö˶˵ģٵУôһֻצѵǽƵУһ
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ǿž޴ƥǳ֮ϣһ磬ϵī嵱ע롣
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꣡
꣡
һ޴ɫףŭĵī塣
īûмһЩԼϣżһѪ⣬ʱȴս¶ûжٲ

Ʋīҧȫӿ壬Ѿ˵ؿڲ˾޴ı仯ɫ̨ڸת·ǿŴϴĺ嫾ͬʱдоҲǿǳγһӿī嵱С
ľ磬ڲϵУҲԽԽǿ
޴ѾӲĴƲ㵱гСӣҲޱǿʵȳīС٣īڲϵȴڻ˥ˡ
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е֮ףʼܼī
Ȼ澳֮壬īҲЩԲĸоòһЩڷϡ
ᣬƴ˳ī֣Ȼһŵ㣬һƲ㵱Уʧˡ
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統ееٶôĵһУҲδһܹɹɽ١
īѾʼϵѪ⣬Ѫ⣬ȱ׵ȻǹǡīһͷȫӲĳ̶ȣȻǵԽ˵
ڴ˿̣ĹҲʼˣһ棬ȫŴķţڹϣǿƥīĹһѷ졣
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ͷળһ̴Ȼ󵭵˵Ƭرӡ֮ؼķ˾޴ĸı䡣·ϡ֮µľ磬ȴñȴǰҪ˺ܶࡣ仰˵ĵʿ֮һԪǰĵ̫ࡣŵ˵һԪǰĵԵĵͬ£˼һܴڵʮ
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ɫ׺УûһķӦ
צǻε˰죬ƺȷûΣˣźݺݵһ޼ɵƬɫɵĺУȥץī
һݴͣ
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ⲻǳ֮Σ̫ˣ׳Сһߵ˵
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꺺Ҳüһ䣺Ҫ
԰ף̫Ĺӵ״̬ˡһѾɤ۴
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˿̣ȴȫ޵ƴšޱȵͷϷʹ
սУٸһı飬ã


1313 ̫Ҫ
սеˣҲȫһʹı飬ʵ̫ɶˣֱһһֻ飬ôܻʮ֪־Ķ
ɫ׺УīеѾǳأɢǹƣȴޱȾˣ
Ǳɫ׺ڸǣϢѾϾ
ΨҾһ̣ҲﵽһּҪĸоţγĴţΧųī衣
׺е޾Լ·ǿŴϴľϢյī嵱С׺еȻڷ˺ųīȥľҲڷĽ޲
˿īڵӣһᱻŵ
岻ϵĳֲֿĲȱȻַĳͬʱһֻ֣һֻצĴţ˳ųī֣ͬһ㣬ֻצ棬ֻצס޷ѡ
īľ磬ʱѾ˵죬Ȼĺ󾢶ͣ

īһϵĴ׷ɣȥס˴
ҪƬŪ޼£ȫֹ屻Ƭ׺
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䣡
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Ҫˣ̲סһŭĵ㲻Ҫɽ𣿡
ϺǣСȻ˵˻īϴһĨЦݣոצ׺浴ȥͦ͵ģٵһҿ

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ǿᣬҷҲ൱ǿ󡣺ŵ˵һսȫѷɫī֮ǰЩ׼Ҫǿ֣
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Ĳһīľ磬ѾԳ׵ѹ
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Ǳߵոװʱְ˼£˿ڵü˳۵ֺóīīΪֻһ仰ң


1314 
Ƶû취ˣСɣСаǧĸףСȿȣ滹ʲôûأܾô
˵սףҪȷսǿԵֵǿһͨĹƬ룬ƬƳս׵ĻӦĹ߰ɣ
Ǻ˵ǶﰡЩȫݺǺ˵˵̫ˣ˭˵ģҪƴⲻǺôʱզ
˵ˣ٣ΪѪˣƵǿ塣ѪƳɵĴҩҩ־ģѪǶ׼ʥҩ˰ɣаǾơǲĺöֱǾѰī˵ͦ볢ģûԹءˣ˵ҲңֱǼƷеļƷ
ˣˣסɣСαģ˭ô˵Сģ̵ģС鶼㲻ϣһƤѪһ㶼ֵǮȥһ쾧ʯϣĽƤѪҲֵǮⶼݺﰡô
īֱӳ߱죬̹ǣȫ£ıǻ˰죬ŵнצһֵĿųīӶڲ֣л˵С㡭ƼˣСǻԱģԣͱˡһѪ⣬Ƭ涼ըˣ
īЦˣٷϻٷϻͶ㡣
һ˫۾ųī۾޹ı飬ī޶ԵĿϱûκα仯
ðɺðɣɣСԸߣİ֣͸ꡭһ꣬һôһ꣬СԷȥ˵ɶ͸ɶСԹԡ۰Ͱ͵ĿųīСС
˹ˣ㷢İɣһʱڣң㱾Ԫġī˵
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ðɺðɣӮˣʤˣСȿȣ׻ƴУһԴƵ˵Сûһͬ塣
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ȿȣСӵ֮ããźգ淢֪һأҸ
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֪һ࣬϶Ͱŵҵǽȥī̲ס˵
ЦȻȻչʵϴҪȥĶ𣿺ٺ٣ҼСĸҼαСĸҲа
īһ˵ҴȥѪħĳӡ
۹ҳӰ¶СˣСϲɱ˷ŻɱӣֱҪףȵȣȵȵȵȡǸո˵Ҫȥ˭ĳӣһΣ۾¶֮ɫ
īаһȻʲôûңӣ֪Ѫħġ
µһѪħ档
սīòͻ¯ӡἰѪħ䣬û̫⡣
ʱУ¶޾ľ֮ɫȻͻȻսĲų˹ȥźҳȥҳȥ
飡
īһŰߵһߣЦҲˣӦ飬͸ҹ
һڴװǰ֪㲻ǸöҪȥΪʲôҪңһǸӣմӵأ


1315 
ôˣʽȫһ飬һöûУֻܴͷɥԴһίĸڳīԣҲҵģ̴ͷˣ̲סеЦ
ϴ˵ӵĻôᣬõഺ껪ô˧ϲСĸȿȣСŮˡţŮˡҲһ٣ΪʲôҪô벻ȥʲôѪħ棿
˼ɡޱ޼ʣ̲˶ܣЩ޴ǳУ˶ٱʯǳôôЩƬ浱Сֵ࣬̽ﶼڵǣΪʲôҪȥѪħ棿
ǸϼһȿȣϹȻϹҧһڣҪ
ڳīੲݵֹţīҲֻǾš
ʵûˣĿųīϴҳӡҵʲô̶ȣ
ҵըëĳ̶ȡīڿڣһ䡣
һ۵һڵϣ޿ֹˡ±ǳ׷ˡ
ʱ߹Ǹ˺˽𣿡
۾һ죬Ľ㣬Ů𣿡
̲ס˸ۣһ߹ȥ
ֱ̫û취һû취ţ֮ǰī൱ѹ׼𾳽ʿ
Ǹ飿Щˣ̫ˡȥȥһϱڴﰧ̾
֪ħ𣿡īȻʵ
һֱͦͷųīħ壿ħôˣ
ħҪī˵
ôܣϴ۸Сûʶ׻ƴ飬׻ƴħ廹к֮ܶͨ˲䶼״顣ħҪ¿ͨ·Ҳܳɹһƶĵԣħʲôģǲܴġ
ȻûڲûֳҪ֪飬ȷǲ١
ųī˵Ϲħˣ±ֻ֪Ҫȥû˰ҪȥƬ棬Ψһ˵ţԹĿһ۳īΨΨǵĴڣоһ
һϴˡ˵
֣ī۾΢΢ţʵ
ʣûָһ۳ī˵䲻ϴԸĻѹС׾٣Ҫѹ͸ѹһ򵥣
ΪʲôûֱӰѹˣīʵ
ƲƲ죺ΪôСȾܡ
ú˵ī
ðɣһǵС㱻һЩ˵ϹıСӴԺͷģڵáһơ
ȷƵĲᣬΪ¶̫аˡڵĶޣԼôһʱͿƲ㵱УҪ͵Ϯɽٵļһ
׵磬ǿ׵磬Ҳ첻ɰвټ֮ǰû٣ԸͲ֪ڶɽٵˣһôµļһʱֻȥ͵Ϯһ£Ȼˡǵģʱôġ
޳ܡûڲ١Ӳʲôģ˳īּĶ֡ǲīЩʿôһصصһͷµޣ
˿ѪΪʲôܳˣ
Լʲôֻһεùôһɷǡʿɽ٣Ǳ˲ҪĴţŹ֡Ȼ޾壬һܰᣬ껹ݣҪ
ţ˭ǿ˭Ƕԣ
ƬռСԼīֱһɰС
ĻһĬΪʵѾĿãѰ׼ҪԶԶ˱ܡֱ棬׼Ķ֡
һǿ飬ѪħһȻ㱻Ѫħı𣬽ǿʲôز
ƾǰȺˣĶô˵Ѫħʮа˾šһֲĴڣؼز֣
ǸǸֲĴڣ
ԣȺ˶Ѿ˸׼ȻЩǲηֻ֮ҲԼҪĽֻȡ壬Ȼ޼¡
īЩˣȻ΢Ц˵ʵþģ֮ǰұؼز׷ɱƮŮ۵һҡȻĻѾˡ
̴Ȼ̧ͷЩԾĿųī㱻ز׷ɱ
ǰʱȥؼ󣬲ҿɱؼħߡī˵ţ¶ź֮ɫʵʱɸߵĻؼһôˡ
̴߰રળ̴Ȼ󵭵˵ǲһؼңħ˵ѾħʵʱȻɷʦȥˣҲ޼¡Ϊؼеʿȫɷ𹥻ġ
ɡī̾һͷȻ˵زֵʱոոգûȫָ𾳽磬ѾֳޱǿˣܼԦ󣬻סҸû취ԦԣһҵûסҽѣȻҵطգǱҵˡҪɱҵʱͻȻƮŮۡزִսһ֮Ůۺ϶ΪһһǸֵزƥ򡣡
أٸһ˷ܵĿųīƮŮݵˣƮŮ۵Ϣ˭
Ҿ˰ս˭ܹۿģ˵Ů۾ǿһҪɱز֣ܡҸоǲŮ۵ķֻһֵʱޡҲܣѵŮ۷ɢȻزֻɱôī˵
ٸ̲ס˸ۣҲ׳ī˵ʵ
Ǻأ꺺ʵʵҲǺܳƮŮ۵ġ˵ʿ֪Ů۵ģвġ
žޣһǿ־˵Ůӣ˭ݣ
زҲû˶ҿԱ֤ûôʮа˾ţܵѪħˡīһΣǰزѪħɸ˵˳
벻Ů۵ķȻ䡣ĻҾãһΡŮȻп̴ܻ֣ͷ˵
īͷ֮ǰ㲻ǱŮ۸ߵôǸӦŮ۵ķˣ
СŮ̴ۣͷһԾ
ǰû˵īҲЩ⡣
Ȼû˵̴ͷ̾ϢţȻ¶һڴĵЦĻãã̫ˣҼԿ϶Ůۻ֣
˶Щ裬ŵգҲڻ˺ܶࡣ
һˮƮŮۣ֪һǿߡܹѹһѪħһѹôһѪħ棬ô죿
ȫóĬ̴ߣֻરવĳ̴ƵĬš
īʱ˵ҡ


1316 Ҳר飬ֻһ
ҡͷ
УԲԣ
ȥˣ˭ȥ󣿷ô죿
вУү鲻ס
һԼˮǵļ裬ǽŮۻֵ£һ硭һŮ۲أ
һѣݺݵİˮʱô죿
īһʱҶţ
ϴ˵ЦСֱѽСǶסġ˸ס
̴߿ųīүǾԵġ
īҡҡͷ˵֮ǰһ顣ȫīЦһֻȥһȥġԣǵУһһóˡ
ʱȫǸ꺺ӡ꺺ҡͷⲻòó⣬ԵĻǾԻֹүȫƴƵһҲԸүա
ٸҲã׳СҲãȫͷ
̴߳ǧ֮ãүգѾĲӦãүиôǶû취үû취˽
̴߲˵ү֣ߣסˣ֪īѾԼĸס
ҲһͷǾǣϴɲиôİ
һȴڵĳīĵԼΪīһΣ϶ҲҪŵù
ī˵ҲöȰ˵ʲôʲôǧ֮֮ĻûбҪ˵ħ彵磬ôеδеһУȫһ̸֮ѣ
ôǲүǰκΣ̴˵鶼˵ûүԽ
ʱ򣬳īͣսȻֱӼͻ¯ﳹ׷ӡ
¯ɳսƬգ֮֮ǰкܴͬΪīľ磬ˣ
īһˣȻȻ䣬ߣһʵӰȫ£ɢŵĹâࡣ
Ӱֵһ˲ɢǹϢȴȫվ޷ϢҪضĤݵĳ嶯
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ˣҲȫ˺üֱԼ۾
ֱӱɵˣ۵һ£ڵϣʼװ
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ǻþɣҲòܡ׳Сֹ
̴ͷۣһ𺳣ĬãźȻ˵һɹʸ˺ܶࡣ
ī˵ԣѪħ潻ңҸ֮ĶԹҲӦһ˽ˡ
ˣȻԸү߷רȥı£Ӧл뿪̴ͷһ˵
īʱͷߡ
̴ֿ߳Ŀųīү£ͷӵİɡˣһ磬ܳ¡
˵ţͷ̴ֱӹ˳īǰ
ٸ׳С꺺ӣмˣȫڳīǰүȥ󣡡
һСֹ˹֣Ⱥ˾Ȼһģȫȥ
û˴εı͡ȴһĨ
īǰǷȻЦ˵˽ʱҺС֪Լһ¶ʱԹΪʲôҵĸĸ̤֮·ҲΪ˱ǿȻȥѰҸĸǣΪʲôҡͷһֱ˺ܶꡣ
˾š
ī˵һɳ˺ܶˣкˣҲлˣһ˽磬磬ٵɽ磬硭һ·ϲˣҲϲѲ࣬Ҳ˲ٺա
һȦ΢죬
ԣҲʲôˣҶ˵Լһˡīϣ¶һĨԳЦݣ˽磬иԭϵĹϲңұףȴûиһȷĴ𸴡ˡкööˣҵֵҵүүүүõ޶ҵó١һ˽оżʵĺӣǺǣиӢϲҽɵǶѪħħ֮¡
ʵһֱ£ʧȥԲҳŵ¹¶ԼһˡŮˣͬΪѪħԵʣѡħҵħɸһħʵɵǸˣȴӰīЦЦȴ
Щ꣬һԸֳѪħ棬ԣһҪ֣ɱΪˣ¸ٴĴۣҲϧīһΣ֮ǰˮңңˣΪعѡȴҸ˵һ䣬ŻȥȢΪޣⲻΪһκܿȥ޻أǣڵˡҲĺܣһεΣճ̶ȡīˣΪҵ棬һӰ˿Դ档
ȫĬš
Ŵͣһɵ˼ȥ޻ءأأСô죿
īһЦᣡ
ţոֱӣһˤȥˡ
īĿɨ˵Ȼԣ˭Ȱңĵǵүôȥɣ
ʱȻ˵Ĳ˺ô
īȻЦЩĿǣߣһĴ󣬼ѱ
Źӣһȷѡ񣡡ЩĿųīȻӺר飬ⲢǶԹӵϲ
˵꣬ĵͷе㲻ҿ˵ı顣
ô׼ȴҲȻԴݡʱ򣬺׳¶
īЦʵҴûоԼǸרˡ
ȫ΢΢һ
ī˵ȴֻһˣ
һˣī˵ǡҲϲÿһˣҶϲ
ٸ˸ۣү۰㲻üӺǾ仰ǰͲүȢŮ˻ؼңΪҿ֦ɢҶأ
īЦҡҡͷܻŻȥ˵ɡ
ǿųī۾ģСʵ⻰˼ǡ뿪ˣ
īЦЦû˵˵ʲô뿪ֻǰ֣֮˵ﻰˣн磬ר֮֮ʵǸ˵̬ˣԳī˵ֻһˣֺγԸ⹼ô˵ĵȴ˺հ׷
ìܣҪȥ̹ȻЩ̸֪ףߵע¶·мˣһֱȥߵ
ī̴ͷǿͷӦīһѪħز֣꺺ȥ󡣵棬̴ͷѾҲҪסīһ
սٴڼžգһƬһƬǺӡ˲塣ī֦ʱ䣬ÿֵܳ·ʱֱϢųȥ
һ·ͨ裬ֱѪħϳ


1317 Ǻ
ڵװʱСֹרӦˣר鲻己ܡ
ٸһ˼˵Աһ㶼١
һԹţСôСĸצû˭ȥ
ī˼һţˣϽ˵һҪս
Ʋ죬Լ̳һȦԴϣȻֹһúƽϲɱɱ
īôսϴȥİޱߣǳҫ貶ĿĹâǶе顣
һʱеȷ̲̫ıܣ־飬Ѿ뿪֮ε档ħ彵䡣ôǶ㵽ԵһҲᱻʱ·š
ʵ˶ףֻҪûз裬;ϣħٵ䡣
Ѫħز֣ǴķӡΪԼĵѾûһӦеУѾ˼ɣ˵ֻҪԼܹõôĹ죿
ѪħӵƬУһƬļţƬ񷣬һ޴ƥķӡκ飬һ뵽ķΧѪħӦֻһֻССķݣҲӲѪħӦ
ԣƬ嫵ǺӣȫѪħļ֮С
ڲġ
ûиزֶģںȾơƾơ
Ϊǰʱ䣬Ѫħ淢ǱߵѪū轵е־ĳ̶ȡһȻɣ֡
زҲ֡ʱҪɱīȴƮŮ۵һ赲һ֣Ԥƣ
һȻѾûһԪ֮ãǵĵ̣ȴȻ񡣰֮棬زֿѪħ棺ߣҪõطķЩȫͬҲҪСΪϡ
Ѫħĵͷ˵ƮŮȻķҲ޼¡Ʋ󡣡
زֵͷȻҪСΪϰɡ
Ѫħĵгһգħ彵٣ҵһҪ飬ǳ˸һйصˣ
زЦЦͷҲд⣡
ʱѪħüҺȻ΢΢һ૵ʲôء
ţزֿһѪħ档֪Ѫħ˵ôͲѰ顣
׷һ¡Ѫħ΢΢˫Ŀʼйķӳ̺ⷨŵĵУزֵâ˸
ȻѾ֪ѪħǿزҲһֱϿѪħʵѪħչֳʵƺѷɫٵʱزֵ棬Ǹоǿҵ𾪡
ѪħľʶޱȺļزһ˲䣬׷ݵһսµľ޴С뵽ƬǺ
Ҫȥ׷սеʱȴսһۻĴϢţʶͽȥ
Ѫħе˼־ȣ˫ۣĵе飬Ұȥ
ز΢΢һѪħ棺ҪԹȥ
ѡѪħ˵ţ΢΢˫Ŀһˡ
زֿѪħие𾪡ûȥѪħ⣬Էҵô϶̵ġ𾪵ĵʲôˣȻƵѪħֳ󲿷ȥ鿴
زʱҲ΢΢˫ĿʼȻĵ̣־磬һƬİ棬Ҳǳǿġ
زҲսͬҪһսʱʶͬܵ赲
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ز̲סһЩ˼üͷ
λʶ޷̽ȥ˵սУŸԼͬһĴڣ
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֮ɽţǶ϶˲κ޷ƿص⡣
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ôֻҪǻŵŮ۳ǰǾûʲôɵĵġ
ŵزֻֿôһһѷɫٵѪħ棬ûǵĶ֡
սôһ¶ѵ˵һս
زֿһڶѪħ棬Ȼһزֵüͷšһ֣չҲϥ£һʶ⡣
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ս뵽ƬǺӵ֮󣬱ͣܳʱ䶼һû
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ƬǺӵУڵǳޱ޾Ȼãã˵ֻǲ׺һڡЩ˵ƬǺӣͬҲ̫ˣȻǵʿҪƬǺӣҲҪʱ䡣
īûн磬ҪƬǺӵķˮƣǲܵ顣Ϊʵ̫ˡ
һؼˣȷ˿ϸ򱶣۸޷ųī߻۹īǿޱȵľʶʼתϼƬǺеĸ㡣
ԽߣּҲԽǿǾһ㣬ֺ嫵Ϣ˲ʶܽ˵ľʶֱӳɰ׳ա
Ƭ֮󣬳īɫЩ԰ףѾһ֮ءǸطЩ΢࣬ΪƬǺӵûв´ҲӦѪħĵط
īһ֪ˡ
꺺ӵƽûʲôųīҰɣһȫԸ顣
īͷһ꺺ӣȻ˵Ż
꺺ЦҲûء
ʱһֱĬԵݸ߸߹꺺ӵһ£û˵ۿЩ΢ʪ
꺺ݸ߸ļЦЦأ
ٸ죬꺺ӺԼɷӵۿ죬Ҫ˵ʲôԾգȴŲڡ
꺺Ŀһˣǵ񣬱Ҽ޶ˣҶҪأ
˵ֱ꣬ȡһССķһС
꺺ĬھС˲һɴС꺺ֱȥС˲ʧսĴյС
һ
Сʧ֮󣬳ī׷һ£ȴ֣ѾȫѰˡ
̴ͷરવĳ̴˵̫үµľƷҲû취׷Ĵڡ˵ЩĿ⣬Ӧöǵϡ
˵䣬һɺƥϢֱţһˣ
ವһ¶㵽īһ־ĵšǸ϶
īɱѪħ棡


1318 үү
ţǹϢֱӻɱսɱƬգɱûҲսɱУ·һҶСۣʱ㸲Ŀܡ
̴ͷһˣһֱӳս֮⣬ȵѪħ棬Ҫ񣬳һ
ͷе̴һģӰֱӴ˹ȥ
ˣ
ƬǻҲɱͷһ̴ֱӻ顣Ȼгһ޴ޱȵ̴ͬһɽݺݵѪħǵӰ
ݸ߸ٸ׳Сʮˣȫսг˵ֱѪħǵģʵӰ
һȺϣѪħĺǳף𵴵Ƭռ䶼졣
Ѫħֱӳ֣ϷһֻƣֱҹǸ޴̴ӡ
飡
ɽ̴ӺȻ飬Ѫħľŵ̴ͷѹ
һϷĹѹǳһѹ顣
̴ͷǵһ˿Ѫ˵ˣ
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ٸɷǸݸ߸ӣֿȭѪħǵӰֱӴѪħؿڡ
Ѫħһֻ֣ЩһɨһâƥֱնȺˣ
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ٸ;׳СԼݸ߸Ⱥ˵ĹͬޱȣȻѪħһ¡
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̴ͷĨһǵѪ˵ûŻȥ
˵ţȺˣٶȳ֣һΣȺ˾Ȼһ໥֮䣬ĬѪħΧڵУʼ͵Ĵ
ѪħȻֻһȴʶ˱ֵޱ͡ϣħ죬ÿһܣһЩȽϽǳĺ£׷촷ۡ
ȴûܵһʱͻƿ̴ͷȺ˵Χ
սУһ־壬૵ˣǷˣȺˣȻҪɱһӽĴڡ
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ڵȴܹһѪħܵشĻᣡ
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ѪħȻھ£ѹȺۣҪʱͻƳȥҲеѡ
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Ѫħ൱ˬ۽磬زֶô˶Դ
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ʱһһˣͻȻ䷢һȡѪħǵӰ˹ȥ

Ѫħһѷɵĳ˲䴩һ˵塣壬ȴȫûͣ£ٶȸˣ
ܣܵĴԽ˲ȼյԽ࣬ҲԽǿ
¡
һˣһֱĬĬţһ·ϸīû˵仰ڴ˿̣ȴԥѡ
壬Ȼ
һԽ۷δ̤׼ʿԱһ㲻档ǲʲô궼ͬʱ飡
Ҳ˵֮ϣҲûˡ
һ죬Ѫħǵǰֱӱ
Ѫħǵʵķֱӱãŭ
һ˲䣬ٸݸ߸Լ׳СˣͬʱηĹȥٴθѪħصĴ
䣡
Ѫħһֻ첲Ӳˣ
ȻֻһֱۣҲ̫ˣ
ʮ׼ΧҲǱ
ٸѪħļͷһѪۡԼȴѪħһɵıֱӳɡڿѪз
ݸ߸һ鴤һѳݺնѪħĺ󱳡
̴ͷʱ򣬳Ӿһ
һѪħ涼òԡˣĺ󱳣ݸ߸ݺһնȥʱһƬѪ⣡
Ѫħһŭ𣬸̴ͷӲƴһ̴ͷֱӺɡ
˿̿ȥҲǧٿףֱܵԵĴ
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ܰѪħƵöñ𣬶ԷսޱȾˣ
ȻͲѪħʲô⣬ʱȴҪѪħվͬһսϡ
زֵĶ൱Ѹ٣һ˲ƣ˲ɳȥǧţΣǱ߷ȥ
Ѫħıٶȸ죬һӾͳֱӻصǾ൱ǿķֱŭȺ˲СĿ
Ҫǣزǰ棡
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1319 
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ֱӽƬи룬λĿռ䣬ѹѪħ汾ǿƥѹÿ֨졣
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ôǸɢǿ𲨶˭⣬زе㲻ȥ롣Էʱһ˽⣬ԷӦûЩˣһֱûٶȳ
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֪ǲеԷҲͬʱˡٲҪһս
⻹ûʲôѪħֵĻҲѹ˶ԷԷԷأƮŮֲֿĴأ
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˵Ѿ˱׼Բ˭Ը
ȻɵһīһѾﵽһּľ硣ҲֻһҲˣ
һʣԱ죡
ȻֻҪһ־Ҳа˷ˡ
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ǳīĵ¯ǳīĵ¯һ֣īͲˡ˵ⲻǳīķû˻š
زֶҪˣŭţƴѪѪУŴľѪͨѪʧҲʧˣÿһξѪزһֵĵУǾŻ۳Ѫ
ѪʧǶ궼ġȻĵرҲԲ㡣
¯ٶ̫ˣרѪһ˲䣬һѪ
زŭ𣺡Ѫħ֣ڵʲô
ڵȣʲôʱ˥ߡҾͲţƾһֱԦķѪħ˸ŷĹâ


1320 η
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1321 
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ôһ˼ĿǣѾӳˣȻҪȥ
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Ҳŭ߸ƨѾͷ££ǺǺǺǣЦһ
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زֵϣ¶ŵɫȫʱȺ˾ȻҳǵģΪشľѾҪ䵽֮ˡȺˣȻžԵıʤģ
κһ𾳽Ĵڣ޵顣һԪ֮ǰɵ׵ʱܹ̤𾳽ģҲǷ֮
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սǺɫĲǺΧȥпֱֲӻкɫսֻһȻȻȹ̵ĳٷС
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̴ͷ¶һЦݣǰ
ˣȻЦЦ̫ˣȿȡС˵Ựˣ


1322 Ѫħ
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ͷ᣺ԶԶԣ˵̫ԣС̣Ͻͨ˰ɡ
һֹֽͣһ£̴ͷˣҲ̲סĿ࿴
֮ǰֹʵЩˣ˵ﻰҲûô̫Ƿϡǿ𣬶ǵľʵе̫͡Ȼ־磬磬Ѿǳ͡Щǰ治ʲô
Ǳֳ˷һϵ˵ӡ
ʵҪõ˵غӣͱóӦеʵȻʲôǣƾʲôҪ˸߿һۣ
̾һҿӣҷı죬ţҲۣڹؼʱ̣͵͵ȥ󡭡
УʱȻ𾴡
ٸ˵߹ǵֵǺģ
ЦǶǺģ
սʱȻͣǺΧңԶѾױѪħķӡˡʲôҲˡ
̴ͷ˵ү
ү˴˵

Ƭ嫵ǺӵУǳѾ飬ԽԽľ뵽ķС
һУѪħֱ߱ܵ˷ıīոҲǲˡټϳīҲоԼ˼¡˳߷⵽ش
һǰѽɱĴīЦһһֱʧԭء
ѪħĮѹƬǺӣīһᡣӲƬϷľѪµʥ󡣺Ǻǣò˶ãı𣬻ᱻϷΪϷϡǵҲΪϷ֮ͨ·һ˵лл㡣
䣡
ʱǰѪħһӡ
ѪħԦһ
Уʱһɾ춯صĿֲϢ
â貣Ѥ˼飡
ǰֱӱһ߸䴩Ȼ˲ˣ
Ѫħٶ𣺡زֵѣԭǿԳΪѪħʵѣҲԳΪҵѡܿϧѡһ·ԣȥɡΪҶ㡭ɱĵһܣ
˵󻰣㣬ⷨҪĥһҲ¡ǱƼ˱ķˣҲδܳܣزֱ˵ȻֵīҪҪɱѪħ棿ȻĻҶᱻⷨУǧ궼пܣʱվһ
һƬյĳīѾع˱ɫʮֲ԰ףƴָĴҩа˷Ӻ͸껹лƽЩҩľҺīڸ͹˲ʲôģֱȫٵĻָĿֲ
زֵĻīһЦ˵֣زϹˣѪħȴ򣬷ѾСҧ˭ҧ˭нһ¡
īСǲɵˣزŭƬǺӣɱңʲôý
ûʲôýٿǰһ䡣Ҳǿաī˵
㡭زֱ̣ЩͷŵĻͻͻ߹ޣ⣬廤סȻͬŸִҩҲڷĻָšͬʱҲڲ϶ܷ󷢳߽ɱ
ѪħЦУ͸żǸոձīնɱɵشľ磬ǲɱµôһ㡣۷׼ľԣиʹ޵ģʵǳī
ԣھѳīĨɱɱز֣վĻ
īѾˣ־磬һ¶ڶǰǾͲǵˡ
īǵһѪħַܳڼԦԪһ֮󣬺ܳʱ䣬õڶΣ
еʱ䣬ĥز֮󣬺úøīһ׽ԲصϷ
زվ𾳽ĴܣΪԷ͸ոձīնɱζ䣬վͣ档Ĵڣûôɱ
ʱ䣬زֺѪħ֮Ľ
ز˵ѪħķȻֲҪĥһվƬǿ˵ĴڣҲûôס
ⳡսԤϵĳá
ʱܿȥһ¡
һµУīȫûȥעزֺѪħ֮սֻĬĬĻָУȫʧƬǺһ
Ѫħ棬ȫʧȥ˶Գī
ѪħҲûеģⷨѾȫˣûܹⷨгȥ
֮ǰսˣһսǿķսڷıԵش򣬾аʥĻ֣Ҳӵ
Ѫħһֻһ£ǾǶزֵĹ
һѾ׼ķʽӡʮ꣬ħʮ굱Ҫ׻ƴѾǲˡôɴʱ䣬ĥһȻٻɱī
˳īϣػ׼۷壬ٶȡǶķʮ󣬵ȵħٴνƬʱѪħĵҲ϶ҪӲܶ࣡
±ɺ£Ѫħϲһ¡

޾嫵УһŮӣķʽֱߣһżһǧ֮ңżƫ뷽򣬵ֻƫһСΣͣסֻ֮صȡ·;
ķѪħڵƬǺӡ
ڣƬǺӵıԵشƬ貶ַҵǺӣҲͣǺΧս
Ůžɫϣûһ˿ֱԽսһǿֲķС
ͬʱһȼŻľ߿֮Ƿȥ
£ɢſֲλεǸȥ;еʿŴˡ硭ʲôʱһֲ
֮ǣҲǰδе֣һȫµɣͻȻ԰С
ţŲ԰֡
Ʈ칬


1323 
ʱַɿȥꡣ
֮ǣѾƮǣ
ڹȥ޷һ£еκһǣԼصĻֶŶصĺ塣
һǵھųǡʿֵ֪ĺ塣
ֵ֮Ϊ·
֣Ѿ꣬˭Ҳû뵽Ʈ칬֮ųǵ֣Ȼ˸ıˡ
ʵһʿͶ֪Ʈ칬ͷ
Ψһīйϵһɣ
ɣ˵˽磬磬ٵɽ磬硭ÿһ磬ɵӰӡ
˽硢硢ɽ磬Ͳض˵ˣƮ칬Ĵڡ˸ǡ
û뵽ǣ磬û˳īɡȻǿƣ
ܹӰֹ֮ųǶ֣ǾѹģʵһϿɣ
Ʈ칬̫ˡ
һѩСѾƋOʫƽƼ½á½ʮʦȫ磬Ʈ칬
ݷ꣬ɹ̤ɺھ˾ͼͼҲˣ
۷ĻƽҲˣ
ȥǵľʵҲûиߵô׵ĵزҲ˵ʵǵĽǺܿġ
ʫͶƋOƽƼѾ̤ɾ磻СѾ۷壬ֻһ㣬ͿͻƵɾ磻½½áһѩȫѾ뵽֮ϡ
Ƕ¶Ҳɾ磬ǵ츳ԭͲڼƮ칬֮󣬽Ǽ졣
˪ط缸ˣͬɽٳɹ޽ɾ硣
īߵЩˣȫ𴫳УԽߴٶҲԽ죡
ؼǣǴӲȱԴ
ī˽µЩӣҲмһ룬뵽硣СɵȼģҲѾɾ硣
ФˣҲ磬ȻֻǴ޽ɣ˵ȴѾͬλһáڹȥζֳɾ͡
ʿͨҲѾͻƵ޽ɣ磬뵽Ʈ칬С
ֻЩˣô統УҲֻһ͵εɣĵûСô֮Ǹ
Ʈ칬Щˣͻˡ
һȺ
׼𾳽ĺ¡̤۷̣Ʈ칬̫ϳϣ
ǰ·ع飬ɹ̤۷徳ǿϣƮ칬
׼ʥҩꡢӡҩƽȻûй¶棬ʲôְ񣬵ȴƮ칬ҪһЩҩƮ칬ǡ
ʫĸڣҲֱؼңɴ೹׵ļƮ칬ΪƮ칬һϡ
ǰСͨŰ壬ʾԸħһͬƮ칬ϡȻʼû¶棬˭֪ǲǼٻΪ½ĸ߽״ǳī׵ˣ
ˮ콾ˮҡʿ硢½½ѩ벩ëë嫺˼һ˫Ȳʵӡ콾ڴۡ׷ˮĵŮͯӰصƽص桢һ֮Ů塢׷ˮĵصķ㡢Ȼˮ׷ߵĵĲܲءȫƮ칬ϣ
֮⣬һˣҲƮ칬ΪƮ칬һϡˮ
ˣ˶еܳԾ벻ȻҲˡ
ˮƮ칬֮ǰֻ˵һ仰Һ޹īǳʹޣݺֹһΣҲõӦеĽѵҵ֣ƵøĳīǺ飬˵ĵô˵һ㶼ΪЩҵĸĸͼ峤ҽȥǱīˣңҰָĻҸмΪ̫顣Ѿʧ֮ãҲ֪ģ뵽ȥʲôˡԣΪʲôȻƮ칬ԲҡԹԣϾڹȥ̫ĴܸһĹµĻᣬôұػ֤ԼԸһƮ칬ĽϰҵΪнĽԼһ
գˮɽΪƮ칬еһԱ
룬һݻţ磬Ǿ޽еģ
ֻȺŵĳԱ˭Ʈ칬ٿЩļ塭Ǿ͸ֲˣ
⻹Щٴĳһؼ塭Щ壬Ʈ칬Ȼġʵѣ
ֻ̾ҪīһܹŻôʣһһԪǰĻԻͣ
Ϊĳһǿ
׼Լĵڳλүӵߡ
һԪǸģүӵӡī
ʵںܶ˵ĿУмˣӦõƮ칬ŵĳϵġ
˵鵤õơ㣬콾
Ʈ칬ŪôĶǾȻһϢûС
˵ƺɷǻѾʼչˡչصʱδ֪鵤ãҲ쳣͵
ԣдԣ˵鵤ÿܸħһĹϵ
Ȼ˵⵽鵤û˷봺⡣
ʱ䣬˵˵̲̣Էܶ飬ҲԸıܶ顣
ھųǵλ骸磬ҲѾӵһɬСӣһƯŮȻƤȻеڣǹġѾɾ骣취Լðۣƫ
粻֪ĴڣҲϵͨŰ壬֪Ʈ칬֪Ǹйصɡ涼Ǹĺ֪ѡ֪ȥīһǸ棬һ൱ߵĵλ
Ķȥֻ밲ϵߡʵžԽԽߣѾܹоϵĲ֮ͬ
ΪѾȥ꣬ƺΪϵȾƣȴһ㶼ûвϵļ󡣿ϵʱһģһ
Ϊĳī磬Ҳϵǰֹ˵ܸһЩȥһˣҲ֪ôˡ
һΣϵټĿڣ˵¡
Ȼ󣬾ƾôʣʲˡ
ȻҲڷһϵ˵û£Ǿû£
˿е㲻ţһΪȫ޵ͷӣȻ뢳īǳī׵Ҳû˻ͬĻ
˵û¾ûô
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Ҿһڵħ壡ΪͳħѪһ˽ġħ壡


1324 Ψһ
ƴ˿̣ȫûκЩͼħߵı֡ı֣ǳƽҲǳ룬ôûκܿħκιϵ
ĬĬȡŰ壬ĸ顣ŰϣҲкܶѷϢģ̷ġͻȻչرʾܹġ뿴ǸˣûκϢݻ
ͨŰ壬Ҳ֪ĸ飬ǸīйصЩ
Ʈ칬ǿѽƵϣ¶һ˿ĵЦ⣬Ȼϣ¶ĳĶȥѪħֲֿĴڣ᲻Σգ
ţƷһ̾ϢȻ̻һϢ̶ҺܺãڱչȥƮ칬ɣīжľ磬Ʈ칬Ϊһϣûġ
Ϣûе̵ĻظصŰ壬Ȼٴα˫ۣʼչ
һΣҪ۷磡
ܵʲôʱҵУڵħѪҺǳīҾΪУҲκˣΪУ
ĵˣҵġ

ѪħǺӡ
ǳī֡
һսѪħز֮ǰѾꡣ
زվһ𾳽Ĵܣϵļͦľ̫ƬǺȻѾѪħķǣȻн޾ľزա
زҲȥīͨʲôƵľġ
һ൱µġ
Ѫħ棬Ҳò
ѪħҲòУΪزƴľٶڸ˳īʱָ
񣬳ī϶ѾȫָˣҲһӵ˵ڶǾ߶Ѫħ˵ȫһĻϢ
ȻȻģǶʥҲܽסȴұ֤ԼһԶ𲻶龳硣Ϊīһ㶼ɳ
ԭѾǸ۷徳ĵˣĻʲô
׼
ѪħȻѰ׼ȴ̬ͬȶԴī
Ϊ֪һĺˣֲ̫Գȡ
һ㶼ûиоīĴڣһΪīѾ
֮Ѫħȷī
Ѫħˣɱҵġزֱ
ѪħЦز֣㲻÷ϻĥҾݣнʱ䣬ħ彵֮ǰɣ
ǳīأز̲סΪħ彵֮㻹ܵõīǾ߶𣿡
ҵ飬޹ءѪħݷ󣬶زֽй
նģС㣬סҵĻȻվ֮ⷨУҿ϶º֡ħ彵ٵһ죬һī֪ǣʱҪõīͷΣزţȻЦ
Ѫħ˵ʡʡɣҵķҵĵ̣ҪҵĵҰҲҲĥ㣬һĥµȫۼīһСҵģ
Ѫħ˵ţʼΪУȷֵǡز־˵˵ѣΪһҪƬǺһۼĲѡ
زʱѾǧٿףٶ࣬ҲȲĵٶȣѪħľ粻ȫʥйˡ
Ѫʧزϵı飬ޱأѪħУȴԸаʾЦģǰǻһ˵Ĵ˽Ǹڻҵ𣿹˵ǳīİءڸīһıҪôԸأ
ѪħЦʡʡɣħͬħ壬Ʋܸīߵһ𣬲Žм˹
רĶԸزֵѪħ棬ζ벻λеħͬΪħ꣡
˵ϣ˭ĻѪħ棡
ѾħѾһȡѪħĺ⣬һֱܡ
ѪħǺУ޾ңԶϵԵһŻǳ֮ϡ
һ޴ޱȵʯɽʯɽ߼ɣɽֱ񷡣
ķ߱ȽϡżһĿĹâȻ󼸸¶ɢ
ʯɽɽһƬ
ȥȽԭʼܼ򵥡þʯķݡ
ǰһʯʯʡ
˿̣ˣһһŮʯ棬Ŀʯϵһ̡
ġ
ǳԭһдеĴǣŸָ飬ȻûǺܸߵڡȴ൱㡣Ҳò˶꣬ͿԳܹ顣
ڣЩȴȫˡ
ǰѪħһߴǳϷӹֱӿǳϵһǡɳĮ
κͨ飬޷ȥ
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Ѫħز֪ʵ¶ᱻѪ
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һ£޷˵Ľ뵽УȻȻʮ־׼ҵ˳īڵλá
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īĵһ£ֱ˵īĻ
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īӵ꣬һ仰˵е˼һ̾
˾ӵ˺ܾá
Ȼ̧ͷʵĿųī˭
īʱѵĸо˶ˣ꣬ҪпһĨûⴿˮûаħļ
꣬⻰ʲô˼ī꣬ʵ
Ҳ֪ң·гʲôǲáȻҿŰ壬Ҫ֪˭֪ʲôҲֱҿ֪֡ΪʲôҵģоܣҾã˵һҪǸˡΪҿ֣ȫ޸оȻ󡭡Ȼ󡭡ɫ糺죬֧֧ᡣ
īȻʲô
Ȼ󡭡ÿο֣ҶָоǸоԡǡǺϲ㣡΢΢ͷԼĽż⣬ϲǰ֪ܰܰ֡Լļ⣬ԣҵ㡣
ǰϲǰܰܰ֡īٴνڻӵţԸ֡Ϊһֻ֣ʧȥ
šڳīૣָоܰܰġҵʱҪ㣬Ҫҵ㣬ΪܸоϣҪˣһȥΨһɡ
㵽ôҵҵģīʵ
򵥣ԼľͿˣָҷ򡣡һЦ˵ȻżҲ˵Ǻܿ׵ġ
Ψһģ


1325 
īǿ֮ˣܹ֤ħ֮󣬻ܱԼǣҾȻ
һ·ϣĨȥȫĺۼúߣ˳·ȥΪһ·
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ôܣֻҵ㣡Ϊҵ棬ֻһ㣡Цţųīǳġ
ī꣬¶һ˿ҵ棬Ҳֻ㡣
ǲԵġ֣ḧųīȻ΢΢üĺ֪ö࣬Ű϶ˡ㲻Ҫǡ
ʵԲģҲֻŮˡīûй˵££Ȼƺˮ顣
꿿ڳīͷǳģųī˵Ů˵Ĺ¡ż΢΢üΪеļʡʱʼǰš
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ˮˣ˫ָĻûκлˮֳŮ׷еľٶī֮ǰĸʵԶһѩЩ˽͸ųīˡʫͶǡ
ԣЩŮӣֻǳīĺ֪īԸǺհ׷ҲԸ˶ꡣѶϣֻ飬ѡ
ĵҵ뷨һԶǣԶЩͬʿ๲ѵŮӣȻܲ£ţһŮ˵ıܡ
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ľѾܸˣļͷӦҲԶԶͬʿԣһ˲䣬֪еľ
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ô֪Ҹսīꡣ
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꿴ʣȵ𾳽ķѽѽǿϧҪܶһʱ䣬㲻ܳĥϲ϶ɱ䡣
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ī꣺ڷУ㵽׾ʲôΪʲôʲôǵãΪʲôϵħҲʧˣ
īûòȥ꣬롣
˵ħûʧڷо巢ʲôҲ˵ǵħ꣬ȴҵ棬ӦñˡһֱΪˣסһħû뵽Ǿ飬ħռҵôá
ֻҵŮˡīĿ꣺嵱еǵħ꣬Ҳ֪˭ˡһиϳȥ
ͷ˵Ѿ˳˯УŸ硣˵ţɫ糺ĿųīڻŮء
ī꣺𣿡
룡ܿ϶ĵͷ
ƬѪħǺӣϵѾҲһǳīǿҵһǳﶨ
ӹûаأȴѾ˷ޡ


1326 ˫ħ
Ա˴˵ĳŵģ˵ҲҪףֻҪܹһ𣬱ѾĶ͡ǲ˶ⶣֻϣܾһ
ȥ˵ľҲڲϵļСīƲ׻ָҵٴξҪ̤׼Ǹˡ꣬Ѿ̤뵽ǸС
Ϊһ׼
Ȼ־磬ԷӡеǸ꣬Ȼ޲ߡڶԷ˳˯УЩ궼ûˡ
īҲ˹ĺƽ
һ죬ǺӣٴδزֵŭԵ˥ǡó첻ˣ¼ֲ˶ˡ
ͷеߣҲʼƵѪħҲӦ˾ɱزֵ׼
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³˳īŮˣȻϲôƺī
ٵȵȿī̧ͷ˫䣬ͷ޾գʱ򡣡
ͷͷѾ߸˸˵װ硣գȴûκα仯˫
֪ī֮ЩǿȻ˵ʱȻͲʱ
ѹƬǺӵķʵϳīǰѾ׹ˡȻܳײⷨ󣬵ȴֹⷨͣĹ㣬Ѫħζ벻ġ
īʵһֱһ¡Ѫħز֮˺ΪͷӦò٣ֲĴڣܹǵƤӵ£Ȼս
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ĶȻܹѹˣ޷ü֮֡Ľ죬ľ֮˴ȻǷд̫á
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ǱزְдѪħ棺նģīСǻҪȥ
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ȻޱȾɥϣѪħ־磬ֻϿʵ¡
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ƬǺӵķȻתţϽɱز֣ĥĵС
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ز˵Ҫǰѵ
Уұ㾫տԸĵ¯Ѫħ˵
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ţֱӷѪģƬǺӣʱִ
ī˼ˣ໥һۣǹȻǴЭ飬ҿ֮ǰûг֡
ʱƬǺӣѪħĴ֮īСǴ˹ʶҪɱ㣡ϽԦҹƽһս
زֱҲ֮īСڵˣ㵽ѷ쵱УҲ
˵䣬زֱӳǺһ޴ڶ֡Ǻڶâܸɵزһ֮£ȴһɾ춯صĿֲϢȻը
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ڶֱըˣ޾Ĵը⾰̫ˣ
һʰ쵵ľ޴Σֱӳ浱Сδޱߣ
ֱ֣һڶ
ΪزЩһֱɳīǺڶУԣѪħЭֱ֮ӳˡ
Ѫħ棬һƬ򣬷˹Ȼڲݷй
ܼߣƬǳһ̣˲ҷ
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ⶼֲֶΣǲȥѰҳīټƣҪͥɨѨһĽƬǺӸɨһ飡
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īվǿŻǳɽϣľҲתͷ˵ҼԦ֣ڰ͵ϮѪħ棡ī˵ţ¯꣺š
ûƴǣֱӽӹ˻¯Ȼһ۳īȻһЦǺݺݿһѴģ
īЦŵͷһʧյС
¯ϢȫأҲʧС
ѪħǺϷѪħزˣѾʮ֮һѾ飬ĺƬǺе飬Ѿ굱бĥˡ
ǵĳ֣һķһЩﵽ׼𾳽飬ûбĥģȫƵóˡ
ѪħزֲĴڣЩβκв
ܿ죬ȫ
ز׼һƬʱͻȻȻ䳯յһطȥ
䣡
Ƭգֱӱ򴩡
һӰӳȻЦĿز֣Ϲ⼸ôȥôеͷģ
īСزַһȡ
¡¡Ǻлص
زֽžͳˣûκԥȫһ
޾ңԶѪħ棬Ҳû뵽īȻȥйزˣزֵķһ
ʱһޱɭϢȻ·
Ѫħ棬Ȼһ
Ԧŷ󣬷ĳ·ȥ
ߣܼ꣬·


1327 ɱѪħ
߿ֲ£κεǳֻմȾһ˿ϢҲ˲䱻ޣ棬ûʲôܵסֲֿߡѪħⷨ󿰳һɱӡƬǺӵСԭħ彵ٵʱԱġΪɱ󣬱еԽ࣬ɱֳҲԽǿ
񱻳īزֱƵǰƬǺӵټֻ˶Ըˡȷһ־޴˷ѡڴ˿̣ѪħҲֻʣһͷΣҪīɱȻµȲħ彵ٵһ죬˾ͻ
ָоʵ̫⣬ԣ·ѪģزʱҲһҪɱī
ɱ
¡¡
ѪħµĴƬգֱӱ߸򴩣ױޣ
޷޲ˣǵطʱʲôûˡ
Ѫħü׵ɱīģӦǵ𾳽ķ
ţһɴʹ
һѷޱȵĵ棬ֱӴѪħഩ͸ȻǵݺݵһѪħʱһĲҽС
壬ֱӱ鿪Ȼ˲Զ顣
ֻһѪħȫµľѪʧʮ֮һ
ܵش
ѪħޱĿǸȫ¶âŵӰĶ
ĵ˳īġ
϶˰ɣĳҲôīڶԪһ˫дעɫ԰׵Ѫħ棬һϷʵĵ
СҪ⣡Ѫħ淢һŭȻ˫ֽӡɿ󣬷·ƬǺӶתǬҪתˣʱƬڷ裬ռķޱң
Ѫħ涯Ҫⷨеǿһɱī
ˣ
Ǻ͵궯ˣǳ׷ɣһƬ棬һ˲䣬״ˣ
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īϣ¶һĨŪЦݣһ̣̤ͷֳ߱죬ݺһѪħ档
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Ѫħ治ţΪƬǺӵУΨһģԼΪǲߣ
īһѪħȻ޷ܡ
׼۷徳ʿϽӽ۷徳ȫһ㣿
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Ѫħϵ£īһ롣
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ۣ
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㡭ɣ
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Ѫħ棬ȥٸŭȡ
㣡Ѫħ淢֮д޾ľ֣֪ٸʲôˣ
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֮䣬Ѫħֱ֮֡
겼µķʵ̫ˡԳīսжѾ㹻߹Ȼǵ͹ˡûƵǸͬϢˣȻǸѪľ幫
ǧǱһʧȻѪħ־ĴܣҲƲ飬Ҳ޷һ档
ңԶǺǱߵز֣һĻ𺳵ü˵
ʱĳīһĨɱݺһȭزֱҹ
һ׼𾳽ʿ˺ȻĶһ˹
ز˶Ҫˣ˲ѪħǱߣҧɱ˶ҲãһУҵˣ
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ī񶷵زָеޱȵ𺳣ֱţһ׼𾳽ʿ
Сս죬ϵĲ࣬Ȼ޷Խĺ蹵زֱƬǺ¡¡졣
Ǻ֮⣬ͣѾսϣˡ˲¶֮ɫ

ȻʱѾ˸īԼһ꣬ȴ£һֱû뿪
ʱ꣬ٴ˳ī֣Ҳٴĵ˵ģ
ܰһƳֱһ˲õ񼣣
˸˷ܵĹâս棬ЩֹţҪҪȥæô˵Ҳһ
ʱ䣬Ѿ㹻˻졣˴˼Ҳ˾Ե˽⡣
ЦһҪ©ֱ˵һ㣬ȥ£
СѾͷ֪֪ô˵ʱǷ᣿ŭ
ȴ˦ô
սУһΣϢʱԴƲдܸһСŮһʶ
̴ͷҲȫԭˣͬҪȥˣҪȥæǰī˵˵ʱԶ롣
º̴ͷǳī֧ǵԣЩա꣬ûгīĶƬǺеսһֱڳһֱƬǺӡͻȥҳīˡ
ۿųīٴγ֣Щסˡ
һΣȴڣŵ̴ͷϲҪʱȥţһܾɱѪħ棬ز֣
̴ͷǡҲȫǡ
һʵԼãѵ֮󣬳īܳΪ𲻳ɣ
ǿһˣȻ˵ƾֱ
˶ʱһйֱҪôĻһʶʲôɴ඼ֱˡ
ǽ΢΢һЦ˵ǷȻƬǺӣһЩܴġѵǸովûһŮӵô
һ
˵ǸŮӣǹߵġ


1328 
ʱһ˵һֱ£һĿǧ
ǧôȻ帾ٸһ
ǳ˳˵ֵͼͨһĴֱͨӴǿ󣬿淢顣
ǻʲôϽʹٸǳ⡣
һίĵͨľ޴󡭡

ٸֱӳһġ쾧ʯƷġǰЦʵС𣿡
Ǳߵâ˸һԲֱӿļơ
һԹĵǿо̫֣
ʱһ΢ĺӱӡǺӵдȫŭ㣡
ֱӱͣٽƱ磬һ̣ȻһϢзţսУֱӳһ޴ƥľ档ǻУǷսƬǺӡ
˿һ˲䣬ȫ̲ס
̫ˣ
ƬǺӣǼǵϵ޴ǧÿһϵУǳУгǧǳ棬ڵġ
ڣڻеģȴһƬޡɾĺգ
ʲôҲûУ
ûȺҫǺӣһƬ˵棡
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ʱڻϷһǴӰ
һӰ֮һۣȫ̲סۿǸһɫս£ӣǳī
Ķ棬һ޴ƥصӰ˵ɢϢҪ⾵ֱ͸
ѹսеˣЩԴϢ
УĸоԵģ̲סЩ
սô׿ӵģ
ٸȫóļƷ쾧ʯԡոֻһЦؼʱ̣ǻǷǳʼǵġ
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ʱ΢΢üѽǸŮӣѪħô
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Ƕ֪⾿ʲô
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ͬʱ¯Ѫħ;ѪڲϵšĥѪħıԴ
ֲģϵڰʥ
ֱֲ̫ˣÿһѪħԪܵشȻѪħѾħ˵ͬڰԵķӦ߲ŶԡʵϣûеĺڰʥĹܵĴˣҪصö࣡
̼䣬ѾǧٿףĵţѪʧֱӵ䵽׼߽׵ĲΡʩչħ嶥ϵԼԪƬŭ𣬵ȴ޼¡
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زǱҲǷŭޱȣΪīıסˣ
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īȴʼ̤ͷ֮ϣһݵӦš
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īıûκֻвǰѪɢ貶ĿĹԣīΧڵСÿһĴˡ޵еÿһͬ
زֱӱסˣû취ȥѪħ棬ڶʱ佫׼𶼲ĳīܣ
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ز÷ΪֳīȻøսͻԼ
ҵʲôˣĥʯزֱŭʼȼԼĵУҪѹī
ҪҵĥʯСĥĵزֱصƬǺӵС
޾ңԶǺһˣڸīһսѪħ⻰ȴǸоޱȵľīһ𣬶ܽزֱƵ̶ֳȡԹҲϾҪˣ
Ѫħһһαīֺ顣һһε顣ԪҲѾãвʱпϨ
ѪħҪʩչѪݣ˵ĹΧȴӴһĻ¯һ˴ľѪ
ѪħֱԳħħ࣡
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⣬Ѿֶˡ
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ЩУ׼۷ΡɢϢҲޱȺˡ
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ѪħŭԷ࣬ųīѹܵռ䣬һ̣޷ѹʼϵ̮
ŤĿռ䣬ڳīȴ޷γκЧĹΪī߷ľ磬ѾȫԽķ
鵱꽫īʱ˵Ļһ߷ӦóС
īһնȥնѪħϵһС
һԲϵĸīŲ䡣
Ѫħ󷢳һ춯صҲʰ
Ĳ֣нΪ̣вİ壻ѪħǺӿӡ꣬һ󣬿Ƶ֮нĲ֣ȫơ
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ǧı㣬ּıȻǻ۾죬һ޽Ķǰֽ
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ң۱ǷȻⷨȫߣ
ֵǣֻ¯ǸŮˣŮҲͬⷨˡ
ʱѪħвͻȻһ򣺳īϵЩͲģǡѾԽʥ
ԭмֵģǳīˡԼϵ
һ֣ȻȻٵһ磬ҲҪûɳֻɱϧҲʥˣʹʱ⵹ԣҲģ
Ѫħʱ̣յ
ķ࣬ī֣ٴκȻ顣
ԪƬһֱӱ顭ﷶΧ֮ڵգǣ
¯ա
Ѫħ棬


1329 
ѪħƬѪħǺУƮ޾Ѫ꣡ЩȫѪħѪҺǾѪÿһΣȻޱȣĥǳ
ӡƬյķҲŲߵֹͣתЩĴţʧաΪеһ֮֡·ȫµĵ
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ֱӱһ߿ˣزݲ񣡡
飡
زһֱӽɡ
ʹĽϰϣˣ۰ôƴˣ˵ţĳ˻ȥ
һȻûܵش
Ǳߵ̴ͷ̴Ӿͳȥŭ𣬶زַ𹥻
ٸһ˦Լ黨裬һѾ޴ޱȵҲֱӳȥ
ݸ߸ӶһѾ޴ļͷҲȥ
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زҲױŭˣһȺϣȻҳƴȺȫɳȥ
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ңԶǺӵһߣīԦŶڳһ˿ݺһزͷ­ն¡һزֵͷ­زֵԪֱϵĺڰʥУһߣֱӴزֵԪ
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1330 үޱ
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󣬳ڰյĺڰʥԭһԿԧķˬˬ٣ѡħ޿ɺǣˣȴͬˡԣѡ񣬿Լˡ


1332 ڰʥɱ
īԼĸףдΪ𶯣Ȼһۿһʥıʣ˵ȥֱס
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ӣƮУֻǰצƴİɫϻȥһɫϻŭԹԵÿġ
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īͷűӡ˵ĺڰһӣԲļ𣬾ûи׵ķӡҲԿ׾ٵѹԳīġ
ʱ򣬿һ۵̴ͷֱӳ֣Ϸ̴ͷ첲Ȼֽݸ߸ȸ󣬽˻ԵٸƸԭ
󣬲ųһһˣΣʼб䵭
īһ
ү̴ͷݸ߸ûüлһ´ү
Ǳءʮħ彵٣Ҫȥֿ¡¡ֱͷ
˰צץŰɫϻ۰Ͱ͵˵ûңôСءôСеû˼
𣡡ɫϻֲ
Ƥˣϴ󶼱ˣ㻹ǹԵСèɡ
ɫϻҪ÷ͬʱбǸͷӲץ˾Ȼң
īʱȴ׽ŸǾ仰ʮħ彵٣ѵ˵ʮħĽ٣վǲô˵ħһεĽ٣ʵǵҪ׻ƴô򵥣
Ҳ΢΢üųīҲ빫ǰһ仰īһۡ˵ʮأ룬ǸʱӦѾ̤𾳽ˣ
ǡīûǫ飬˵һ䡣
ȫһԾĿԷޡ̲ס˵᲻е̫ˣشܳ𡣡
Ȼû˵Ҳɻ֮ɫԳīΣѾһäĿĳ̶ȣȴҲôţʮ󣬹Ӹ˶ܳΪⲻѲѵ⣬ǸͲʵܣ
̴ͷݸ߸Ҳȫһŵı飬ǲ֪үٷǴġ
īʱһƬǲǾʹûʲô˵ġһ顣
ƲƲ죬ʾͬīĻצİɫϻҲ˰ˣ˿̲ɷһЦֱǳ˵Σ
Сè䣬ѵͬĹ۵㡣˵
ɫϻŭ
ͱˣӹӹȥģֳˡ


1333 ·
ʱݸ߸ٸתѣۣǰϤףȻ¶һůЦݣǣڵظˣȻֻصģãǻһ𡭡±ӣǻҪޣ
ݸ߸ˮһӾͿƲסǶأĺܺأ
㲻ðοҵѽҲ¡ٸЦеĿԼɷȻ֣ݸ߸ôʵԺҲ˼ûʲôֱѽһΪ˹Ӧ״̬ءţҲǣƽԪϣûظʲôġظ
Ǳߵʵ̲סһ֣˵㣬ĺͿأǳûռıˣ
ô꣬Щ˱˴˼Ѿǳ⿪Ц
ѽٸһȻɫ糺죬ݸ߸һ𾪵Ŀˣ˲Ҳ˷ʲôȻݺݵһԼɷ򣺡ô˵
ݸ߸һί˵ѽ
û˵ûкܼ˵ٸʱˣȷе㲻˼ոͻȻתѣһƬãȻΪԼѾˡ
ٸ̴ͷǣͳīԼצȥǸСèԣһֻϻ
ȻôɰϻٸһԾ㰡
ãɫϻԣදȴŭ
ϣȻ˵棬Сٸӣ֣ơ
һצӽɫϻסǿɲУҵߣǴүҵġ
ɫϻצŭȴ޿κΡ
ٸЦֻһүûд󡭡˵䣬ٸͻȻסΪڲŷ֣ԼޱصĵˣȻȫˣǸɵӡתͷŵ̴ͷԼɷҲͻȻ֣Ҳȫ׻ָˡٸһŵı飬ˣ⡭⵽ô£ʲô
ȷǴүˣκǡ̴ͷһٸѾͷʲô飬һ˵ɣǻȥɡ
ٸԵ̴ͷǳ𾴣˳ĵͷһ˫飬ȴߴﹾתţԵúܺӡȻ뵽ʲôͷһƬžǺӣǻԻؼңãǡ
û˵꣬ٸۿͺˣݸ߸§ˣ˵ˡϱ˵Լ۽ǣȴѾʪˡ
˶Ĭ
̴ͷ˵ţźúûšߣؼң
īĬĬĵͷгսֱӵս
սһ貵Ĺâ˲ʧƬ¼ŵա
º
һϡ
ī꣬ļݼ·ءЩһսĳһӵܵ¹ڣ
׳СƵˣкܶˣԶƬ¼ŵǵϢ֪ˣһΪһȺĬĬŵͨˡ
ʵϣȺҲȷĬĬţȴͨˣǶӢۣǳһӢۣнӢۣ׻ƴӢۣ
ݵʱ򣬶үҲ¶ˣݱݣأڳͬĶЩĹݡѾ˵˴飬Ҳ֪ǱѾ֪īŵ顣
˵֪֪ǻҪܻģ̫ҡȻᱻơ
Ȼѹ֣ǳʹ죬ûа취ʮ֮˾ţҪȥԣӱܡ
ԣۿī꣬Ҳֻͷû¶κ̲ס˵һ䣺ܺãѾͷҲܺãǺúõġ
īŶһݣ
ͲôˣĴ꣬Ҳ˵ѪħǺǱ߷顣ΪԼĵܵܿģӵһηֻĺӡͬʱҲԼĺùˮеЩź
Щ飬ע˵ġҲмָп˵ĳ˳ǺҪһ顣
Ƕ壬ǽ㡣īܡ
Ҳ
۵ͷԼ̫˰ڰ֣Щį뿪ˡ
忴Ÿ׵ıӰҲʮֲܣǼ·أ˵ϣһΡܸоһۣƺҵǰ
̴ͷһС㲻Ҫ̫ˣǳһΣսѪȾɳҲԹ޻ڡǡǣҲһ
ͷȻųīˣ߰ɣȥԺӡ
īͷǣץŰɫϻҲƤĸһԡīûиߣԼƺҲûҪߵ˼һ·
ųīһϵԺ䣬طǳľҺĽӳһƬ԰ֵС
Ǵ󲮵סôȥһֱ˴Ҳûлķϡãʱסˡ˵
īʵ赱ס𣿡
΢΢һ漴ҡͷĸûס˵ţһɫЩ˵ĳī⣬ʵ֪⼸緢𣿡
īͷ֪һЩͦҵԤϵģû뵽Ʈ칬Ҳôƣлǵ֧֡
΢΢һЦǲ֪͵λ⻹δ¡ʱһƮ칬»ΪҫԻ͵ɡ
īҡҡͷ˵Ҳ
ţҲҪͷʾī顣
ڸһ֮󣬸ȥǺúЪϢһ
һս˽ӽʱ䣬ոջһʱ䰲ЩսӢۣĿ϶ƣҪϢ
Ǻ򱻰ŵԺӵǰ棬ī꣬סںԺ˸ոոʰġһж£õҲܰ·ûʲô
īȴûʲô˼´棬Ϊڹ·;Уīյ˸ϢģƵϢ
ƽ֪飬ȫ֪˳īһҵݡΪң鵤ĻˡҲ׽͸¶ī
īȴƶϳ˺ܶණ
ϵֶѾ˵ҲǹȥˡīȻܸмƣͬʱƵĸоҲܸӡ
׳Щ̸ܴݸϢȫīԤϵģϾ˭ЩϢ뵽ʸ֪ڰʥԴˣҪ˵ħ޹أǸܵ飡
Ȼûжڰʥ˵̫࣬ȻһǴħġ
Űϣī̹˷봺ݣ
ѪħѪū
ңһ߼Ѫū൱ԣ
𿴷봺ľ粻ߵģȴѪħӵһ
ҲΪʲôīǸֵʱ˾ȵԭҲΪʲôһֱٳٵûȥǸ˵ԭ
ΪǸˣǷ봺Ƕдˣ
˵봺ڳī·ϣҪáԳīһֱıӻҲóīĴм
ȻĻԽԽ٣īУȴδǹԷ봺ĸм
ʱΣҲԽܷ봺ħѪūʵ
ڻжħʱ򣬳īǳϣܹ봺Ӱûһ̣īѾˡ봺ħܶȻˡ
ī̫ӡټЩ봺ûһԲ顣ԣԱħѪūīԺԥĻ߱죬նħ
Ψ봺


1334 
һҪˣţħ廹кܶ࣬Ҳһ
ǵģԷ봺īҪӱܵĸо
ֻһΣٶἰóīӱܣƱ顭Ӧһ˶ˡϾڲһˡ
ڳīߣĿüӣ˺ܾãͻȻЦһ˵¶αΪѣûв´Ҳħ塣
ʲôôܣīһȵĿ꣬ıˡ뵽ƼȻ֪ôħӦкĹϵȴȥƱħ塣
뿴֪봺ħѪūûʲôϾ鵤õĴ󵱼ҡȴ֪ʥӺڰʥ׼ĸ㣬ħңȻ֮Ȼ񹫹ֱָʥıԴǡǡ֪ʥħ֮Ƕ㲻ãһСŮô֪飿
꿴ųīУѵûиоŰϷЩϢȫһĿһҲӡ
ʱΪҲزءī˵
϶㲻Ůӣ˽Ůӵ˼϶Ǹ˼һĿųī˵һַʽĸţǡҲ˼ܲŮˣҲһֱôΪġֱ֣֮Ҳ˵㡣·ϣģ԰ɣ
īͷ
˵Ȼ󣬴·ʧˣ֮ûһ㶯ħᣬҲûг֣ѾܲˡģƮ칬ȻûвҸմŰϿǰʱ䣬Ĺ̡ȴƮ칬ΪеһԱ̼ˣ㲻ù𣿡
ô֪ôࣿīһꡣ
ЦŮ϶ҪЩġ
ðɣĻһǣûκ֤ݡī˵ţȻ΢΢üȻһ꣺ī꽣ī˵ʲô
һЦ磬뵽ˣ
īһ˵Լȷ֪ʥˡ
̾һ˵˵һңҲͦҵġ˵ţīЩһҵ飬ȫ߸˳ī
īĿɿڴǶ鴤һħħĺˣһδħСŮԭһδħСŮ͵˴ħİڰʥȻ⵽Լ׵׷ɱħⶼʲô񣿡
ħԱ䣬ħʱ򣬾;ƲסԼҪɱˡӱõĮ˵ȻųīҲû뵽ʥȻôھģ˵Ƶ躦ģȴ֪òúûʥҲûнˡ˿϶ȫͬ
벻ƾȻһħ壬ҪİħĵȼУȻħһī̾Ϣ
ʵĹܸĸŸ߹ޱȵѪͳ
īʱһ꣬꣺˵飬ô죿
գųīϲ𣿡
ôֱӡīЩĿԼӣԥŵ˵ĸо֪
ˣ֪ˣǾȢ¡˵
īͷߵĿ꣺ʲô⣿⣡
ôħݣ꿴һ۳īʵ˵Ȣ»ءѪͳħ壬ĳͨġ
˵ţЦĿųī˵ûϵ˭ںǿأļҳҪǲͬ⣬ǾͰд򲻹ǡ
īٴ˵İȻǵȷ򲻹ǡӰɷȥŮ˵ģ
ȴ²ţڿȥӦǱűչˡң֪Ѿ֪ˡѽͰŮˣ˵¡˳ȥǱߣѷ봺ǼҲɡôţҲǻ¡ѪħѾˣԸĻ룬а취ġ
ī̾ϢϧѾˡ
ӷ𡭡ʱһţһ˸Ӱ˲ڳīǰɻ˭
ҵһ󡭡ţӷ𡭡ʱһۿڳī޲ɷ꣬ȻѳɽܸоˣȻһ޹ĿһΧĻĶ
īĿɿڴĿɣ㡭ɣ
Сɮ˭һ޹Ŀųī
㲻ǡīüͷľѾˣѾ̤׼򣬶ңԵԽ֮ǰ׼𾳽һ˵Ѫħ档״̬Ȼ
һһ
ǵڻУīʧ޾ա
ӷСɮȷˡΪСɮзһִͨΪԣСɮһ֮󣬾ֻ˹ȻСɮһֱڱչȴٻôֱ죬ٻСɮҡʲôطףطôǿ󣿺þˣط׼ʥǡҲ֪û˽ˣһͣ£ž˵һѣڷЩԾˣȵĿųī
īͷǳһأȲ˵˵㣬ȻûΪʲôٻһܳҵǰʲôͨ
˵ѽǷһͨΪնݷֻҪٻֻҪƬСɮʱسǰϧСɮոţֻһΣѽ˷ˣɰ˵ţȻ۰Ͱ͵Ŀųī쾧ʯɣ
īˣ̲סôôңҲ˼˵ҵֵܣնΪЩѵеģ
ɿ֪Щȷǿ󣬶ЩҲ㹻ĳϣһֱ죬ڣԴԴϡǣСɮṳ̂أЩò˰
ʲôˣīһɣŵܹͨŹ֣ҲǿȻòĻ޷ʵ硣
Сɮ޶ۣո̤׼𡣡ɿһӡ
ڳīȴǷҪСУķʽޱȹ죬Ȼˡֱĳ
Լǧ࣬ĥѣź̤뵽ȴľͳΪ׼ˣһ⡣ǡ̫ˡ
갲һԣЦĿˡڳīϼִĿЦݡȻ˵е飬֪ΪһֱСֻĳ֣棬ҲΪīеġ
аɣ쾧ʯϽϽʲôնݷ߾磬ʱ浽īֱӳһöָļƷ쾧ʯмʮڡ


1335 鵤봺
ʶɨһ£ʱɴ۾аӷ𣺡˲ӦöԲﶯģ
ī̲ס˸ۣ˵ⱹĻҲһǼˣ
ɸûиī˼һĵЦʾ˵ĲƸȻʵȻôһ󣿡
īû龭˵һ顣зţ̾ϢһȻӢһǿϧСɮûв뵽С
īһɣ㻹ʵʵҶħȥɣ
ողǻСɮĿųī
īƤոûھʵʵߡ
󣬳īꡢɡǣԼ߰ɫϻһ𣬴ӳһ뿪Ȼǰ鵤õķҪȥһ׮Ѿľ¡
ΪīιһֱⱣܣԣ磬Ҳֻгһˣ֪īѾعˡ
Ʈ칬ǱߣҲ֪Ϣ
һ˵ٶȺܿ죬Խ޾أ鵤õķȥ
·ϣīЩп⻹Ǳ֮Ĵ½ǵ׻ƴʱƬ½Ǻεȵ׳
ǰ׻ƴ򱻴飬ԶֳֹĿ½кܶϸĴ½֪ƮȥˡԻвŻ˵ʵЩ飬Ҳ׻ƴһ˵
һƵ磬ʲô׳۵ģһȺûʶӡצɫϻ߷߲ƽ
ֻϻһ·ֱڣӲûбҲʵס
Сè䣬ñ죬ɲ򡣡вҪǵĹأ
ޣϻֱʹ֮ǡЦбɱңȻĻʱҵҳȥһὫιǣɢ
ϣһһ˵С𡣾ȷ̫ͣҪͬ磬һܴʮŲпʼ˴ţģʽ
ϻмЦ磬𶼳ˣ㻹ʲô
ЦŰȥȻ˵Ҳʲô
ʱ̤򣡡ϻЦ
磿ΰɣЦ
ϻᣬʱ˵ˡ̤𾳽Ĳʲô⡣Ʋ׻ƴ򡭡Ĳ˵ֻ
īҲһһԸž͸ŰɣȻ;Ҳͦįġ
īһ·ϣ˼һ£Ǿǣ봺֮Ҫô˵
⣬һֱ鵤õĵؽϡ
һȺˣǲ뱻˷ְ֣취鵤Ȼ磬һĴĳīЩǰ治ʲôˡ
ԣīûоκˣһ·鵤õĺ
鵤ǡ
ǺܴҲܹϡǵˣٷְٵȫ鵤õĺӵܡ
ˣȺͻȻУûԼܿ챻һȺ˸Χסܿϳ˳ī
ţǳī𣿡
ǳī
һ
צʲôè
ϻӦûӦˣһȺ޼ʶϣ⼸ء
ܿ죬鵤ǵĸֳ߲īǰдһ˿裺ǳī𣿡
īͷҲûзϻʲôֱ˵Ҫ봺
⡭鵤ǵĸ߲Ȼ鵤õλͣҲûŵĳ̶ȡ
ʱһº͵𣬽Χ
ԭСˣ겻Ұ
鵤λ߲ʱ˿ųīʩȻˣųһ߹ȥ
ܿ죬һܴԺǰ봺ѾվſڵȺˣڰ֣鵤ǵǸ߲㣬ȻųīһƣСѶδȻкܴ󾫽ϲɺأ
īһߣһߴŷ봺ϣܲκϢ塢̿֡ηûС
ǰΪʲôͻȻôī̲סʵ
봺һЦʵΪСѻǰŵġΪûЩСѶ˸飬Ҳ˸飬Ψƫƫ©ҡȸеⲻȥֺοô˵Сվŵְ
ī̾ϢһͣסŲŷ봺ǰΪʲô磿ǰӦòѡ
봺΢΢һЦڰֵ£Ȼ˵֪СѹصΪС׼һЩƲˣ³ġǺǣҿǺܶ궼ûиءһΡǸ³룬Ѿ̫ȥˡ
磡
ī΢΢һȻһꡣ
Ҳųīգգۣ˼óī˵ʲô
봺Ҳûм˵£Զ̲ˣȻɫζȫʳָ󶯡
īûκԥֱӶ꣺ǰ³ѵõ飬񰡣ˣôûоƣ
в޾ƣ봺ųīģʱǳģȡһ̳Ӿƣ˵̳ӾƣѾһǧʷˡϾưʣôһ̳ˣƽʱ᲻úȵġ
ʱЦĿһǺɣ˵Ҿ԰ͦÿȥ羰Σ
ǺҲǴˣͷŷ봺һ£ˡŰϻҲںˡ
ʱĻܴϻ
봺һ꼸˵ıӰȻЦҪϲСѣճɾ
īЦЦллǰף
봺ҡͷ̾Ϣһá
ǰֲϡī˵
봺̾ԪѾûˡ˵ţĿ̳ӣһŨֱƮȾƣͷӣ˵һ׵Ĺ£
봺ĳܿ࣬Ȼ磬ȴһѰԻͥʲôʿԻķ˼ͥһӡ
ĸףһУޣʬǶûҵĸףļˡǸʱķ봺̫꣬¶
ܲãƣÿκȶˣǴÿζñˣʲôģǼҳ㷹ˡСķ봺ԺΪǳʹޣÿﰤȥ˺ҧϧ̫Сˣÿζᰤһβͱ
ޱȼİꡣ
봺һˣչֳ˲ͬСӵԣԺľٶʹСӲڲһ죬ĺܵӶɱ⡣ź˵ƣ֣Ҫɱ
봺һƵԴˤϣˡ
Ѿˣе˿־壬ͬʱҲ򵨱Ծһݣѷ봺Ҳɱˣ
ķ봺Ȼͬǿ׳ܶ࣬ôһ꺺ӵĶ֡ۿžҪʱ򣬶ˣּ̧䣬˷봺ĺȻ˷봺
֮ҳ縸ӡ봺һƣǸʱûħ


1336 Թ
īͷһЩ飬֮˵Ѫħı㣬īҲ˵봺˵īʱ֪봺û˵ѡ
ʱҲ֪˭Ҫ壬ã˵нı֣ǰֵġҽͺáҲûǿȹҪʲôħ֮ͬҲûǿȹʲô봺ֺһ˵
˵ħԼѡ𣿡īŷ봺ʵ
봺ҡҡͷȻֻͷ˵飬ʵ˵ˣҲûжôӡ룬ҵĳʿҶûħ壬ж˽⣿̸˽⣬ȻҲ̸ں֪ħһЩ֮ҵ̬Ȼûз̫ı仯ΪҵģɽеޡħģҲˣħ
īͷЩ׷봺뷨ˡ
ѡħ֮һʱ䣬ǳ꣬ƢҲñÿҵʱȴȻǰһһħ壬ʲôһ˵ħ䣬ϲʡϲħѪײУһ飬࣬бķʽȥħǣܾͻֱӴɱ䡣˵ܶ಻ҲôЩǿ봺У¶֮ɫ˵˵ǲһġԣħǲͬ壬е磬е磬ǲһġ˼ʹ·ʽҲȫͬġȻˣͲҪȥħ
īͷȻѪħ֮Ѫ𣬵ȴҲȽͬѪħ浱봺˵ⷬ
봺˵Ȼô룬ΪʲôҪħ봺һ۳īҵʱȻֳʵϣУȴҸûʲôͬ
īͷ
봺˵ԣҵʱܲΪʲôѡħֱ޽ɾ硣ң˺ܶطҼʶ˺ܶ顣ʱҺȻЩˡ׷Ǹ߲εĵҪɵϣǿˣǵţʱҲ֪һЩž޵ʿﵽ׼ľ硣ҵʱѾ֪Ҫɵܡ
īٴεͷ
봺˵Ȼѡ񣬵ȴֱܽһ죬ңҪҪѡħΪһЩħ֣ħ֣ѸǿȻҽħֵΣ˵˵󣬻ᱻħȡõҵȫкͼ䣬Ϊϡ
īĵؼˡ봺ħӦþһΡ
봺ЦʱѾ˺ܶ飬Ҳħ֮ĶԹ˵ʵ֮ĳޡ˵Ҳ˵ʵҲϾûоҲûбħ度ʱǲħġܸоϣһҾͬˡΪġܶǰǸҹҾ͸һˡԣǷģܱ֤һ£ԶҡȻˣԺȻħһУȻΪϣֺηأ
īŷ봺˵ĻͲ㡣ϣҲû㡣
봺ͷףҶףɢôСѣֻ𣿡
ī΢΢һ˵Уû
ǰǿʿԪԶᡣԱһˡ˭ĳֻ飿ţ˵ܿܿ磬ɷ֮ڵ顣˭ǵǰ˭˭Լ˭
īĬãҲǲֻصģֻ
Ȼˣôɢкθɣ봺һھƣȻųī˵ˮ֮ӿȪ౨ҵֶ֮ô౨Ǻô
һóīƿԵĸоڣѾ봺ѪħжаˡΪԷ봺˵ǸѪħ棬Ǿְģʦֳุ
ԣѪħ죬ʮ⡣ڷ봺ĿУѪħ棬Զ׵Ǹˡ
īһƣһȻŷ봺ǰ֪ѪħѾ𣿡
֪봺̾Ϣڵħ֣ѪңӦĸӦһ̣ڵħֱֲӱǳվҪҵľѪţԣûҲһ˲䣬ѹһ¡ͻȻƽˡҵУڵʱȴһ޾İˡһ̣ҾѾ֪ˡ
īͷǰڣʲôأ
ô봺һۣȻ˵ʵͦϣǰңȻ󣬻ǽѹǽնɱɱΪҾͲôܣҲôᡣΪҺɱӦ
ǰìܣ֪ӦӦøԼ˱𣬶԰ɣī
봺Цŵͷǵģӵûκε㣬˼ӦվǺܸӵ飬һΪ
⡣īͷҺ̹ȻĺǰĶơ
봺ЦҲ㣬ô
ǰǰӦñκ˶ǰȻ¶ңױֵֶҩ˵ʵֶƾһոŵҩʦܷ֡˵һʦˡīЦЦȻҲǵʦⶾҩĶҡ
봺ͷһ̹ȻһôˣΪұҪΪ籨𣬵Ȼ㣬Ϊ̫ˡ뢣ʦҷ봺ϲ硣ԣֻܶԼˡ
ī̾ϢǰǺοࣿ㶾ҩҪ⿪һͷ顣
ҿ봺ҡҡͷǷһ뻹Ҷ㲻𣬵ûл᳥ˡǷŰɣֻأԸһֻؼʱ򳥻
ͷգ¡¡죬
ǵԳ档ҲǷ봺λ鵤õھŵҵԡ
Ҫôīŷ봺Щ˱Щ꣬ΪѪħ̫ˡѪħѾǰڵħ֣ʱûа취ȥ׽Ժ󡭡
봺ڰ֣СѺ⣬ˣллǲˡ£ɣҵȫ顣Сƴ鵤áţˣ⻰Ҳ˵ϾƸС֮䡭
봺˵ţɫ糣һƣȻ˵ƺЩһֱڱչܲƺЩ⡣ʲô⣬ǾдСԼ̽Ѱˡ
봺̳ԼȻųī˵ܸСʶһԵ֮֡䣬ԵڴˣⱭơҪСһ¡
뽲īһ֣صĵͷ
ѽҵ飬֪λңˣΪСѡᣬħһ̣СѳѹֱӻȥǡǲңҲɶϡ֮棬ǻ˰ɡ봺ųīһȻһ˵ǣ޹ңΨСֶŮոҲķˡҲ㡣ˡϧֶŮпܣúôɡ
봺˵꣬һƣīʾһ£Ȼͷһ
īĬĬĵͷҲⱭ
ʱ򣬾еĶʼˡֶ׾ٵĽȻԷ봺ҽʥ˵ܱҩΨһһԭ򣬾Լ
һԹݡ


1337 󵱼
봺һ治ɫĿųīǣһĨ΢ЦȻ΢ЦɫʼһڵɫӣţһںѪ˳ŷ봺Ŀ
ʱͷգһƮ֮
˵ӰճȻ뽵ΧڵС
һ߱ϾţοۣΪʲôҪѡ
ߣ鵤õĵڰ˵ңϾŷ봺֮ĸȻֵܣȴʤֵܡ
鵤õߵңһ̴ŮӣˮѾֹסĵһĿŷ봺ϾţôôɵѪħȻѾΪʲôҪô
󵱼ɽһ۳īֿһɫڵķ봺̾ϢһϾţȻ֪ݣδһԲ鵤õ顣෴Щ㾤ҵҵҵѹ鵤õҵñȴǰá㣬Զ鵤õľŵҡ
ʣ¶λңҲȫһˣŷ봺ط봺ѡ񣬵Ƕе޷⡣Ƿһ˵Ķ飬Ҫر
봺һ۵ˣǵһһӹ¶ĵЦݣ硢硢硢ĸ硢硢硢߽㡢˸硭ǣˡһˡҺܿģź
˵ţУһ˵ĺ壡
һӰٳ˲ٵ봺ǰ
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īһƣҲһۿīͷƵˣĿ⣬ӳīɨ䵽봺ϣΪʲôôɵ
봺Цŵ£һźҲûˡСη塣ҡ
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봺˵ţһںѪ
ĸԸ߳һġ֮ǰһԶɱӣϧҵǳ磬㿴Ŭ㱨ˣǡԣԭҡ
봺˵ţһſ˾ϡȻʼĳڻļڶ
ⶾҩǶ綾
ܽȫճɻңУܸޣ
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ʱ̲ס壡壡ǺοࣿǺαأ
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һӱĮܶ࣬ģȴڲʹܡ
īҡҡͷȻſ죬ֱ³һڵĵҩǶ֮󣬱ӲѹסȻѹɵһŶһŵ׶һ߽׵׼УҲܵش
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Ǵ󵱼ңƵĸɽһ˵ʲôջûڡ
ƿһ꣬΢΢ͷҡ
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ƿһ۸ףֿһ۳īȻ˿Ѿľ봺ĬĬͷðɡ
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󵱼ҵĶû˵Ҳȫ˳Ĭ
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ʱ򣬷봺ڵһħ֣̲סˣ
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λϣīʩˡֻʣɽͳīߵļˡ
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ʲôҲֻ֪֪鵤ã磬нĵҩֻ̡֪ҴӳϣûʲôСһ֪£ȫʿеٮٮߡīɫƽ˵ʣµģʲô֪
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īǳ˳飬ĵôȺϱĴУһȥׯأһ˵ȴȫһУǵȥˣΪҲ
㣬Ů˽ŮǺξģʾôŮѪڵħ幫Ů޸īɽ֪ΪΣͻȻЩ˼


1338 
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ҲܣŮҪɽŭĿųīȻ̸ߣƾʲôѽĹôˣŮħڵĹأ
ԶԶģһյ˵ʲôѽ
ɽߺߵĵ˵ʲôˣС쵰ʲô֪ˡ͸˰ɣŮ⣬ʲôܶزס㲻޸ܼ޸˭ȥѵɽŮҪһӵϹﲻɣ
˵ʲôѽΪʲôҾͷҪ޸޸ûҪôɫ糺죬ʵҪߵġ
ҲԴڸո˵Ƿ
ƣûб˼ûʲô⡣֪ī֮ġһЩ顣
֪֪ʲôЩңһֱãܣû뵽ȴѾ˵֪ҡġС˵ġкա
Ҫ˵µġֻǡֻһֱ֪Ӧô㡣˵˵£ȫΪ㣬Ͼھ
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ŮľܾǱϵæűýˣôƶúѿҪԣյ˵Ƿ
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˭ɽһЦӿϣȻɽһһվǵĳīߺߵĵСӻǿۣ
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ʱͼԼһ˿棬һŮΪҲ㹻һŮۡΪʲôҪż޸˰ʱʶӲҪɽǼˡԼĸף˵˵ǼѪͳ
ȿȣһʱһʱɽͻȻ֣һõ˵ģ˵ȻǼѪͳ߹ޱȣѰûʸȥʡǣҵŮҲҪ˰Ǽô߹ѪͳѾҲˡôô죿ֻ˶ˡ
ĿһԼĸףȴֵһͬīҵѪһ㶼ԼҲɣԼǴħѪ˼ҳīҲ׻ƴ׼ʥѪ˵˵гīĸףƺŸߡǿѪԼҵĴħѪˣ
ûⷬ˵ڣȻĻǵðɡ
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Сӣ㻹Ҵ󵱼ңɽһĿųīһ壬ûǳң
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īϿɵŮˣھĵΪīѡŮˣҪΪá
ߵãһʼ˵ôôǿӲʲôҪСӴʲôǴħѪܱ۰ֺݻ˵ǽһ
ڵãһСҪǸҲȢŮҾ͸㷭ļƣ˼ҽ壬ô˼ҽ
˵ɽ뷨ֻǵʵе
ʱֶһֵġɽ߳üⳳʲôѽѽôˣ
վڳī߶̲סͷЦ˵һŴħѪͳħ壬⡣ӣȻѪͳħѪͳƢԣΪ˴ķʽ໹ʲô
ԣѪֶʵĲô̫⣬ΪҲ࣬ڵľ顣ȻѪū־ԲСǲѪ飬Ŭ
ˣΪѾ׺ˡݺݵһ㣬ȻȻ꣬ߣҴȥҵĹ뷿Ⱥˣһ˼ûУ
ѽȻͬ⣬ȻųīȻһЦʩʩȻľ͸ˡ
ֱӰ⣬


1339 ɽľ
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ɽһԼĶӣ˵˵ʲôʲôʱˣ
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ţ꿴ųīȻһЦ


1340 С죬ú˵
ڶ죬ī꣬һˡʱר˽˰죬ߺİ˳
·ϣīЩ꣺˵ʲô
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ˣˡīͷ綷飬ȶԸһͷۡ
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ī̲ס˸ۣ˵ⶼʲô¶
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īͷߣ˵˼ҲûҪ޸Һòã
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仰ǵСΪںܶߵУУҪһ¡˵£ȻģᵢСн統Ůޣѡ޵ġ
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˵ţЦĿųīҸ㣺ơһѩʫǣֻЩôô߸ôô٣棬ʫͶпѡУޡѽѽ磬Ҳŷ֣ô꣬ô㣬ȻôأΪһѩ¶ѾѸ˼Ʈ칬ˣҪ޸ˣȻֻơɵĸ⡭Ҳ
ҲʲôīŰۣѾȥʲôˡãγ׻ָ֮󣬾ͳ׵ǱһƵģ̿ûʲô⣬ôͻȻ˿ݴȣֱ̫ϳˣ
ʱĿһ۳īȻ磬ǲǾãЩˣ
Լҵ飬¶ī̾˿ֻǾί㡣
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ī꣬ܿˡ
಻࣬Щ飬ľȫµĲͬĵЦеģϿ㰧˺ѹߣߣ޺ջƣǽʲôߣҾе٣ȻͷǴ򣬰ǻĹҲ˰ɣ
īϽס죺̣ۿɱ˵ˡ
ţʵ㡣УǱߵĻ壬Ǹļ尡ˣȥ˼ҵġĸŮ߹Ǿĸն˵
īŰۣͻȻָоԼߵСѾͷƺûħȫͷϰǣһβͣǾһصصСħ
˻ص鵤ǣгɺԼ֮󣬳вϵ֮ǣӦýƮˣٷȥ
ѣ˲Ϣǧײβٶȿ쵽¡
·ϣɫϻ֪ΪʲôͻȻ֮ǰôˣʵʵſ޴ϣ֪ʲô
īȻʵؼ𣿡
ɫϻĿһ۳īһԣøī˵
ʱȻ˵˵İҵˣҪҰߣ
ˣīһȡ
һĵϡȿȡ
˵ɫϻͻȻһУûжٷŭģƺӡ
īд֣벻һȻôǿģƺѾѰϻ㶨ˣǻ治
׼𼶱ޣħ壬Ҳǿս
īȺˣһպ󣬾ѾӽƮǡ
޴иٷУϵϢڣˣھƮǻʱ򣬾Ѿˡ
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ߺˣϵ𣬻¡¡ա
һ̣֪жˣһηĿǾ޴ޱȵĺɫ
ʱˣιС죬ҪǺú˵Ļ˵ҽѪ


1341 ֮
С죿Ѫ̵˭ôȱ£ߵĻֱӾŭˡûü𣬱㿴ϵȺˣ
ī
һ˫۵ɵϴ󣬼ֱԼģͣһ߿֮
¡¡ص֮䡣
ϵĳīյľ޴¶ĵЦݣŻþò
ڻˣ̫ˣ˷ܵЦ¡¡춯ء
С죬㻹ûشأ벻ƺܺãϷŪŻ
ҲС죡ŭϵǹϢоЩս˫ľ޴ѹû·硣
ˣҵѡīһͷȻ߹
ʱƮеƮ칬棬ҲͻȻĳīˣȫһӿգ
ûгפߵû֮⣬ˣȫˣ
ºˣȷգīŮۿ΢΢ЩʪȻûиīһȥѪħǱߣǶԳīǣңȴʱ޿̵ġеѹҲ൱޴󡣲˵ûǰսĵһߣͻɺܶࡣ
ʵϣ統УϵĵӣͬޱȳأͬʱҪŶԳīǣңǣҶǵĸов׼ܣĥ
ҡԳīǲܲġ
ڼīֿģȫǴĵ׷ġ
ţЩˣһҲȫϸ߿ա
Ʈ칬ʮʦһѩСѾƋOʫƽƼ½á½һ٣ȫ˳īǰųīȫǻϲ֮ɫ
֮ǰȻڻʱҲһΣǴΪԭ֮䣬δκν
һΣʵм棬뵱ֿѾǹȥܶˡ
˵¡˵ʮ꣬㼸ʮ꣬ϰ꣬˵ҲǵָһӼ顣ǣ֮ˣһղҲġ
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һѩīˮȫֹס»䡣
ЩҲȫī
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ʱ򣬻ԽԽˣƮзɳȻƮ칬ˣȴҲƮеʿǶ˵е뢡
ˮҲȺУûվΪ˳īߵĺŮӡֻһ˲䣬Ѿ֪Ů˭Ȼûг֮ǰĸǶϢҲܲµõ
է֮£Щ޵ˡóīһֱϲ꣬ûеġŮӣһŮˣһҲеϲ˵ˡ
һѩˣûеһʱǰԭҲΪڳīߵԵʡǲʲôȻоеģĬĬףīճɾ졣ҲΨЩˣī֮䣬ܹߵһжѡ
Ƕ̫࣡
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£ΪīӣҪŪ
Ŀ⣬䵽ˮϣˮ𣿡
ˮü΢΢һȻ¶һиɻЦݣûɣ֮ء
ͬ㣬ͬŮӣһԣ˴˼䣬һ貵Ļ𻨡ŵò˷׷һȥ±Ѫ
ˮȴûκεԴϵĽ棬ֻ໥һȻЦ֣һǱߵķȥ
⻭ת̫ͻȻ˶Խܵĸо
Ψе˫
ˮŮӣ̫ˣȻ׿̶ֳȣˣ
꣺ѹָŰϹʾ磬ȷ㰡Ķãһįˡ
ǱߵĳīĿһĻȻװʲôûһЦеĸڵ˴к
֣þò
֣벻ҲлƮ칬ְ֧
ƽֵܣ
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ʵּˣĳܺÿԶԶԣҵ׷ߣðɣͷ׼
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īȻ𾴣ԽڴʩλڵйܴˡȻδı棬īȴһֱǵ顣гȻ˵л۵ͻ֮
ܶȫڴۣ֪ī֮䣬ȻԨԴ
ڴ۶Գīǵݶ飬ҲпһССľٶһԵڵʱȫû뵽īɳ̶ֳȡȷܳԤϡ
ţͷԼƽҩҲֱڳīǰǵп
󣬳īȺ˵ӵ£صƮ칬
Ʈ칬ʱ˽յЩӵУкܶ඼ѾСɿīţȦ¹д
Ʈ칬˿ʼ׼ϯīҪúףһġ
ЩһֱŰ壬һΪīֶͬʱϢֱ磬ӵ硢磬н磡
ѪħȻ
ؼԼӡһԪ棬ҲѾ䡣
ǶħߣΪħһ󡣡
һˣأʮʿֻ˼ˡ
һûбȫƻ̫ǿ޷ƻȴȱһ׼ӡʮֱ֮꣬īӡʮꡣҲ˵ʮûܹ赲ħĽ١
ʮȻһս
Ϣúܶ˶̲סĬǵУԳīͳһĸм֮飬Ҳﵽһ൱ĸ߶ȡ
޳һ޳īӣǵʲôŰϣ˷һϢ棬˽лظˣȫڳ޳ī޳һ
һ磬֮ػ߼壡Ӧأ
нûңرϣн磬ҲһңǾǳһīߣ
һ֪ʿ飬˲˵ͬ
֮
ʹ˵


1342 
̫֮ˡҺεºܵõֳƺţ̫ˡعƮ칬ĳī֪֮ЦŰ֣ǰҼڻϿҿûгʸ񡣡
ʵҲûʲôˡҲ˵ΪЩ顣ֻ˵һ£Ѫħز֣ȫѹ㹻ʸȻƺš¿ųī˵ǫǺ¶ҲûбҪԷƱ
̵ͷųī˵Ҳ̫ҪһİˡΪħѹʵ̫ˡΣκһʿȫ԰׳һˣ϶ͻΪʿĿйͬİ
īЦоԼƺšһǿɲֻս㹻ġΪԼ飬֧ƺš
º̶ô˵ĽīƺšҲ˵н磬ԳīһϿɡ
ˣǻһֱƾΪ׻ƴػߣСƺšڹȥȻ˶֪һӹһֱػ硣ȴδػ߼ƺһһڵõϿɡžүӣҲеο˵
īͷԱ֮ĳƺţһõ׻ƴػ߼ĳƺţеҫ
磬ͬȻżô˵ģҲܿ챻ʿĭ
ī֮ҳǿܱܲЦȻһԪǰЩҲûĸõֳƺŰɣһ͸ҳ
ʲôһ˼Ѿ̤׼˺òãУѪħ֣ڴ֮ǰڸߵ˸𣿿һǿߣȴӲӴ򱬣ؼλز֣ǿһԪǰ𣬽ôڳӵǰǿߣߣǣ
缸ûκۼһĴսˣԳī֣һľ⣬ȫء
ΪϢɲġ˵ѣҪĪģ
˵īһģǣһЩˣȻܵ͵ûվ˵κλǣīߵ׷ߣȴǸñԪĵʿ
ԣ˭Ҳţ˭ܲţ
֮ī֮ĳƺţ䵽ʵȻΪᣬȴõ˵Ͽɡ
֮
ֻ˼ʱ䣬ͳɹĸ˴һƬǸƮ칬еЩŮӣǺܿͺõͬһ㡣
λյľ幫˶ɢһɾ޴׺֮ͣǰһЩˣȫ̵ʱ
껹Щ̫ģΪ⼸죬֮󣬵óһЩŵĽۡ
ЩŮӵУԸ޸īģȻֻˮһˣ
ֱĳԤϡǣīߵ׷ߣϵ̬ȣֱһɬı̬ԸԶ׷īԶڳīߣȴԸ޸ī
һѩִһʼڳīߣųīһ·ŮӣҲ׷ױʾǲԸˣֻһ
ʫͶǼǶʾԼ뿪Ʈ칬ԸΪδԼһ
Щ˶ʾԸΪõĽã׵Ĺۣ
겻аȥһʼ͸񶨵˾ͼͼȻνķ񶨣һЦΪ˾ͼͼʶīʱüī˾ͼͼԸԸΪĽã޸ī

˾ͼͼЦԸΪĽã˺ܺãҺϲ㣬ҪҲ޸īˣһɣ
㵱ͷˣֱӰˡ
̲סץסһڳīʱīʱҲ˽īŮˣΪʲô
һ㣬ѵ㲻ϲī𣿡ʡ
ϲһشúܸɴࡣ
жϲ׷ʡ
ҿΪһУҵһ΢Цſ꣺ϲ
Ϊʲôһ⡣
ϲһҪȥռСҲϲǣǶϲϣĶŮˣʵֻһһڵʵ飬˵ˮүүµ£Ϊ̫ʵ飬ҲİԣˮСīǰЩˣϲϲ¡ȻϲΪһСվһûô̹ġ
Ĳһô
һ꣬Ȼ˼⡣һޱȵĴһԲˡ
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ʱܲ⣬ΪƿΪߣŶ˵Ļ
Ʈ칬ȺŮ˹֮ͨЩˣǲںߣĻԼҲûԳīĸ飬ǳΪŮ֮һϵ׽һȻĶġ
Ƴ侲֮ƣףīһ۵ʱʵûôġĵģڳΪŮ֮󡭡
ȻһЩ飬ǾΣҲҪģܶȤζţгһգīĺӣʲôѪͳ
壿ħ壿ħ壿
־Уʵħ岢ûôԽܡ
ˮԳīĸ飬ԣǰ
磬Ҿúʧܡ꿿ڳīļͷĿϦ
ʲôʧܣҪʧܣҲʧܲŶ԰ɣīЦ˵ûһʧܵľɥΪôһϣܶ飬Ҳڳ䶨īҲЩǶָоҲ˿
е磬̫ͨĲͬͨ˵һѩֶԳīϲΪһеŮӣȢֱҪ顣
ߵУǲûʲôǵ־磬ԪޱԼֶںܶʱûʲô塣ܹһֱһ𣬼벻ޣʲôֱأ
ޣζű˴˼һֶ˵δһ£ޣʱ·Ľ֯ȴٺܶࡣ˵Ǻ¡
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˵˵磬檣Ժ¾ֻˣʣЩɳΪĺ֪ҡҲԸΪ檡꿿ųīֹǻҪĿŵĳԶһ㣬£ȥǱߵĹɣ
ī̲סŰۣ£ôִ
ЦЦ˵ʵִֻǵ˼ˡ£ֲÿڣǲǴ¶Լʵ˵ʵϣҲһ־޴ǵͷͨˣġҲͨˡⲻô
īļͷ˵ӵ㣬ˣ


1343 ػ·
պ󣬳īصƮ칬֮󣬵һνȫټһ⣺Ҫǿ𣿡
Ȼջİۡ˵ˣˮһĿ̲סⲻϻ𣿡
ǵģˮҲƮ칬īʱû¶档ϾˣһУҲ쵱һȻѾʶԼµĴҲϣͷƮ칬Ȼе㲻֪Գī
īڵϵϣԾһƸˮ㽫ĶԹһʹһЦЩѾ˹ƣҶɳˣҲȫóˡ֮ǰЩ飬ҲûôҪˡ
īؽȣӮ˵һºˣ˽죬ˮԳīʱ򣬱̹Ȼ˺ܶࡣ
ī̫ǿˣѾʧȥ˸īһϸµ˼Ҫǿͷȴδʧ
ϾʮħؽٵϡǳīƴкܶһӵĶʮʱ䡣ûеȥϧ
īЦӦö֪ұȽǮ
԰棬ʱһƬ
û취仰̫кˡȻʵҫĺôҪûѵĽడ
īž˵ȻԴԴϵļƷ쾧ʯҪڶʱڣͻƵ۷壬̤뵽׼Ǹ򣬿Ҳѡ
ܶʱһƬţȫһ𾪵ųī
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ˣͬڣȫͷ
Ψаһı߿иꡢӺͻƽ⼸ҩûзǿҵ
߿Ʈ칬ûйְκְλܾ˳ϵְλ˵ԼֻԸһػߣĬĬػȻƮ칬£ȫʮء
߿΢ЦſųīУѾ׳īĴˡȴɵ޸пŶʱ䣿īѾɳֵزˣѪħزִڶܹѹ֪ǧȷȫġ
Ƭص֮ĳ֮Ϊ֮
ͻƽ⼸ҩ԰ıСڵĺܣҲٱ޵ˡΪ֮ǰŻˡ
ȱ߿ͼҩĵˣȫԵ׷ųī«ʲôҩ
ųĬд޾ĿΣī˵ǿԴΪ£ЩˣȫԽ뵽·ȥĻô룬ʮȺ˵У׼ֺܶࡣ
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ڳˣһЩ֮⣬϶Գīر˽⣬˾ͼͼĻȫ̲סЦ
ǰ·ɲһī֮ԨԴȻīûй˵ʲô˽Щˣȫ
·بʹڵһ·
֮Ϊ֮·ĵطô˵ͽ
īЦŵҪܹǽ·أԸȥ𣿡
⻰һˮ½ѩͻ˫Щ˵۾ȫһӾˡǸոմ·ûʿ·ϣȫľ޴Ե
ˮʱīѹƵ̶ֳȣ磬ҪΪޱȼѣ·УȻ˻ԵͻƵ磬̤˸߽׵
˵ȺˣҪ˸·еĺô
ͯӰһ˫ĿڳīϣипǧƮ칬Ҳ˺ܾãԥ˺ܾãղΪĿУīһֵ𾴵ˡīʧˣ˶֪ȥʲôˡԣΪīһʲôΪһʲôŲ
û뵽ī߹ңȻһĺôǣ
ţͯӰһǱͬдż֮ɫˮаȻǺкñ
٣ѡƮ칬֮ǰɴûֺôġ
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ȻԸ⣡
ô᲻Ը⣿
벩ë嫺ȫ˵
ǽ·һΣͻľ޴ԵܹڶΡΡεĻôʮ̤׼𾳽磬˵ϣ
ʿ˭̤뵽Ǹ統ȥ˭֮ʣӵ㹻ȥħ棿
԰ˣÿһе뷨ȻһеĻˣֻҪûлʮ⣬ôֵޣҲȫеġ
ȥͺãҴȥī˵һλԵ·һԴǵڶν룬ԵΡĴΡ࣡
һΣµϣ¶һĨ⶯֮ɫ
£·ǧ꿪һΣ޽֮ϣ֮µʿԽ롣ǳīܹʱ˽ĻôҲܹٴν뵽档
٣Ҳȫ²ͬĵԼĵ໥ӡ֤ȻûлͻƵ𾳽磬٣ѪħٳһԼ·

ҲãҲãǶ·Ҫ˵ˡ
ˣȫһеĿųī
ī˵ǽ·Ҫ·ϵЩ֮ǰҸЩ֮䣬ǲ̫졣
İɣ֪ô
ţͷ㣬Ǿ˵ǵĴң
īͷߣ˵벩ë嫺ĵô˵ǰȫ˵޷
ֶЦ
󣬳īҲûٵʱ䣬ȻЩȫȥǾȥˣ
ǲ·ֱӷӡ԰Ȼ˸ꡢӡƽ⼸ҩԼͰɫϻɫϻ֮Ȼè壬ȥǰ죬úᣬһֻè
Щ鿴ңʣЩˣīһԵĸս˻¯С籩¶ȥԣЩյ˻¯棬Ȼ󣬴Ż¯ֱ˺ա
·


1344 ս޾
ʿ˵һеڶ̤·ֱһŵʢ磬ԣȺ̤·һ˲䣬ÿһˣȫҸҪιȥĸо
ڵһν·˵ʸСŨ̶ȣǿ̫࣡ڴ֮ǰǻһΪõ֮ء
ʫͶ·Щ˽ģߵЩˣҪСģ·ֻлԵΣգ
һȺ߽׵кֲֿĴڣ·ϵľΣգҲĽٲȺ˵ͷϡ
ҳī֪뿪·֮޾Щ£պļīǸīйص˺£ȫжԶͶԶ
ī˽֮ûиһ𣬶Ǵֱ꣬ǰһ·Ҫȥ޾ȴǳԹ
īǱ޾·ȻԱ˵īܹ޾ߣѾǾˡԳī˵ȴǺһ顣ԣīȥ޾˶ϡ
ī꣬ƬϤİĴϡ
ĺܰ˵ʵʺӡ˵
ǰطȷǲңħгһսٵ磬·Ӱ죬Ҳܴ󡣳ħЩħǣĿͶī˵
ͷһĹ֮ءһ죬ȴе£ʵҲһĵط˭Ҳǡ
ǰԼǸ罨ã𣿡īЦ
ѽ۾һȻȤָǰһɽ˵磬ɽÿǰ߰ɣ
īͷ߿꣺ģ
ЦеĵȻɽܴ󣬶һͺ㲻˵ҪԼɽΪʲôܰأ
īȻԶԵĸоȻһ룬䡣֮أ˴ڤˮһ·ϣֲǿֲĺˮ
ޣȻ·ϵɽ嶼Ź
òϣ۹⣬ɽɽУдʯī÷ˮͨһֲʯɽеԪغҲ൱ߡ
۹ⲻɽܺãīԵ˵
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īһĿ꣬Ȼ˵ֱӳ֣ɽ
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Сڿû־ɽˮһɾ£һ嵽·ľͷ
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޾һ𾪵Ŀųīʱ䣬Сôͽ̶ֳȣ
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޾΢΢һݣ֪鷳ˡ
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һǣ޾Ц
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ʼһɵĿţĿ⣬ʼ׷ųīУǳԺ
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޾ĵԼĵ
ѹ޾һŭȡ
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Ƿ޾յĴ֣Ȼһȭݺݺ޾ޱߵķ档
䣡

޾ڿѪšԶ


1345 ׼׷
졭֮޾У޾𾪺Ͳ˼飬һ˿˿ǿȶסԼΣȻȻĿЦ֮ߡȻˡīҪɱҪУϤ㣡
īЦЦ֮䣬ޣɱʲô
޾̧ͷųī˰Σղһ̾󽭺ǰˣҹȻˡ
˵仰޾ϣ˲һȻϢľҲֱӱ˺ܶࡣһʿȫѹ֮Ľ
·޾Щһȫᣬ̲סᡣ
ʱĸͽ棬Ҫվˣ˵λá
·֮֮ǰȻûκλᡣ
ī޾˵ô·֮ˣ
޾ʿɱ裬ĪҪ޾Ծ
īҡҡͷҿûô룬޾ԸԸ׷ң
仰һ·Щ޾ȫɵˡһɵ񣬿Ҫʧȥ˼˵īĪǷ˲ɣȻ·֮׷ʲôЦ֮Ҳֻһ׼εºܣһͬʿ׷㣿
Ҳ΢΢һ漴뵽ʲô̲סҡҡͷ̾ϢΪʮħ彵׼īǰӣǾ˵ֻġ
ĳīǿߵĿ󣬼һִŵĳ̶ȡǿߣлΪǿߵʿʶģҪ£ߡΪ˰֮硣Ŷʮħ彵ٵʱܹһЩգ
۵İΪˣ⵽ġ
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޾ҲĿųīô
īҡҡͷȻ˵Ҵ뿪·Ը׷ʮ𣿡
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īһӣһγɣЩ飬ϣ̫ھ֪
ʮħȻήٵ׻ƴī޾򣺡ϣܰҡ
ΪʲôҪ㣿ħ㽵ٵ׻ƴҲ򲻽·޾һĮȻĿųī
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ô޾򵭵Ҳȥ·ħܽһҪ𣿡
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޾һ̾ȻųīһСӣҴ򲻹㣬Ķ֡˵㣬סߡҲֻи뿪һ·ˡҲգ޾Ը׷㣡ʮ꣬
ţīüһЩ⡣
޾˵һһͷԺͷվҲǵͷġʮ׷ߣһ׷ʲôֱ˵òʮ꣬ҾѾսˡ
īЩݣ޾˵ѡˣҲ׻ƴˡѷģҾװ׷ߡԸǳɵôлᣬһɵ
޾һ˫УȻ⡣˵ľ˲ٴī⻰˵ڣī˵̫֮
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˵ģīڶ̶عУ۷壬һ·嵽׼𾳽磬˸еȫ޷ţ޷⣡ϵˣ˵лܹƬصķӡأ
ãͳ幫仰׷ߣˣ޾Ǹգһ޵£ȫɴĺܡ¸īдֱӳΪ˳ī׷ߣ
׼׷ߡһԪǰûʲô飬ֱ磡
ճյĿųī΢΢ҼҸ磬㣡


1346 
ۡһתۣʱȥˡ
ֳеƽͷ١Ʈ칬Ҳнǿһɡ
Ʈ칬ĴڣֱӸıнĸ֡
ڹȥнɣϾ֣һɣһǼ塣Ȼɢ޵࣬ɢҲûһȺˡ
ɢ޺ܿ࣬绹ɽ绹磬ˡûȱԴЩɵļѹеɢޣȫÿġɢܹӱվн۷塣
֣īӲĸˡнɢһͷļȫɢˣ
һΣûоκεս෴ЩɣƴҪī߿£
ԭܼ򵥡
żߵ·ǧܽһΣңΣķܹ뵽·УܳɹŴ·ģҲǼߡ
ڲһˡ
ڲˣܹ뵽·ȥУң·ÿһƬȫдǿء
ЩģҲ·
˼֮⣬û֪īôġ·һܽ·շ
ǵģշȻĻ·Щʿƾʲôϣڹȥǲڰг֣Ϯʿһĺˡôְܳæ
˴ĵ·еΣձ͡
ȻҲżҲᷢ򶷡ܵ˵·ѾΪнĺ԰
дʿ·гɳ֮ǰɢޣֱӳ嵽߽׵磡
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δĳһ죬ħ彵ٵʱ屻ĴֲϣѪɺͿ̿һĻ
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ȻˣȻܹﵽ澳ĴڣҲûж١ݳī˽⣬ûж١Ҳֻ˶ѡ
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ųīųīĽѾӦоԺз·һҪųīĽ忪
ĳ忪ƬĻ㲻ܳ𾳽磬Ҳ϶̤һȫµĲͬ
úµУΪ𶯡ǰòӢ꣬ипǧ뵽Ʈ㣬һѷɫľ콾ڳˣ
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Ҫ˵ģǹڵĳʼ⡣һֱΪĳʼǴһʼ̤н磬ɹһ̣ѾʼˣǵͨҲǵãԪ׳󡭡ЩȫǵīʵϴԣǴ޽ɣɣɣӵһСԪӤڵʿͬҲԼĵеġͬʱܽͬΪ֮أһôţÿʿսٻϡ֣ԽϣԽߡȻҪ̶ֳȣ¡һһϦܹʵֵġΪ翣֮ҪĵҪڤ룬Ҫ˼Ҫβֻ̽Ҫץһͷˡ
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īٴεͷǵĹùãдô
΢΢һЦǣһǶܹģҲ֪ɡ
īЦŵùʡ
˵Ǵʲôʱʼģһǿսжϵ
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˻
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Ȼ򲻹Ϊϵľ޴ࡣ˵ī㡣ǰīһν·ʱԸո̤׼ľ磬Գ׵ѹˣ
ԭˣ
޾ԺУ¡¡졣һȵϢֱӱĸоīкವһ£ʧ


1347 ʵ
ʱ룬ųīһЦҵıֶӣùǷһ룬˵ţµΣҲವһʧˡ
ʱ̵һ۳īȻ˵ȻҵʦܣһΣҵʦ˵ţҲʧˡ
С㳡˲뿪ˣкöࡣЩüīкȭлЩˣк򣬾ֱȥˡ
־磬ܶʱ򣬲ѾǻۣǶ
Ŵʹ˵һ仰ŵϦӣ
һ仰˶ļһ֮󣬱㡣
Ⱥ˴ʿǵĻۺȫѾһܴﵽļ״̬Ӱ죬Ҫɹ̫ˡҲΪʲô֡·ߡǾ仰ԭ
ʵЩ׼𾳽ʿ۷īⷬнӰ죬൱Զġ
ʱڣӰ쵽ģȫվнȺˡǵ֮ⷬôӰģˣ
ΪκһʿǾǣʼͽǵսԶЩʿսҪǿ̫ࡣ
Ȼûпŵܴĳ̶ȣ٣ͬĶ֣׻ƴߣûǱʿĶ֡
ʱˮȥ
׻ƴнƣҪʮǰ̫ˣ
޾λ·֮һУѾɹĳ嵽׼۵ľ硣ķѹƣһΣԳɹ̤
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ⳡսֻڳһ޾һǺ¡ʵҲīӡ֤һû˼̸ī֮ͬ꣬ʦܣԲûôĹ˼ɡ
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ΪīȻõУѹһʿͨ

ǿ󰡡޾Ҳ̲ס̾һҲ˳īʲôӿ޸п޵еûʧڶϳīȻᱻīѹ
ʮīûʲô仯ʵϣĵоʲôز֮⣬û֪
꣡
ǵĳֱӱī˫顣Ȼһ̣ͻȻˡ
ϣż־ɥ֮ɫȻ¶˼СŮ̬֮Щյӣˣû˼ͲŽһ𣿡
īЦȻȥ̵
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¿һ޾򣺡Ҳǡ
йڣʮħ壬Ļеᡣ޾˵

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ɽ¡
ƿԼĸףҾãڣҲʮ֮ħ彵ٵʱĻеᡣ˵ţֿһɽһĵŮӣȥˣ
ŮӳͷȰ֮ɫȥ˼λ幫ǵҵǸȻ¸ûʲôϵվһЩġȻøҲͬĥѣȥҵǸɡ
Ůһ˵εǸԵɽȴ簮ĿŮӡ
⽿ĵŮӣħȨҲǿλħŮޡ
֣Լģħ֣ѾˡʲôħĹֻ뵱һŮˡܹӴ˰ȵȥԱ˵һҸ
ڼǰѾ뿪ɽǰƮ칬ȥ֮󣬳ΪƮ칬еһԱ
Ʈ칬ϣʮǰǻֲһˡ
Щ˺һЩǿߣƮ칬ȻԸǵݵλٶԵЩȻΪƮ칬ʮʦǰ綼̫ࡣ
ڿɲһˣ
ӳī˽·һƮ칬𣬾Ѿ˲赲Ĵˡ
ǰʱƮ칬гīĵϵһˣѾûе֮µʿˡңȫ𴫳УīӺͿʼ
ԣȺ̤֮ǵսȫЩ˸е־壡
˵ս˾ͼͼһųīزֺѪħղҳ𹭣Եľ磬ɨеĵʿЩʿ֮󶼸оرͷۡ
̫ǿˣ
ܶԸģҲΨһȺеĳһ
˵СѾһֱŵ˾ͼͼȻ˽ϵơ֮·ϣһֱ໥Ͼ
ÿһΣ˶ԷֳʤСѾһ˾ͼͼһ𹭡˼˭Ҳκβ˭
Ȼһѩ츳ԲһЩǵľҲıһЩͬҲѾ̤뵽ľ硣ҪΪīϴǳ·Ľ츳ÿһġôŬôԴȥңҲվһޡ
һѩҲȫþɥܹߵ죬ѾˣȻٶûô죬ȴҲڻУûߵͷѾˡ
ԣΪֹƮ칬оīĵϵһѾ̤˸߽׵СټϳīΪ¡ʹƮ칬ΪнΪʢһɡ
𱬳̶ȣһԪǰĳһ
ʱƮ칬һϵְλѾûôˡ
ȻҲ㹻㣬ȫīĹϵڳΪƮ칬֮Ҳ˴ĹסȻľٶȣҲ൱ģ
ڵһʮ֮Ҳ̲סҪȥǸĵطʶһˡ


1348 ħ
Ȼһ̸ȻЩֲϵϵҪʼûдӦΪһֱûףµ׸ôǵ˵ˮʮҲֻһٸīͬ֡ʼڳīߵŮӣֻһ֮Ƶо͸ԥˡ
˼˵Լĸ֮£϶Ľ飬ҲȻԥΪͻȻ֣Գīĸ飬ˮģǶһ˵ͣ
Ϻܶǰ֮˷֮ʵͣϲھô֮ԼģѾԳ׵ƽˡ
ԣھҪȥƮ칬ҪԼڣӦѾ̹ȻԳīˡ
ʵҲˣƮ칬֮Ƽ˳īǸĶˣȻĶ־ҵȴѾˡ
ʱһն̫Ĩȥ̫СȻڣټ˴˶Ѿǳ죬ǷĶȴûˡ
ȻЩźҲûٹȥǿʲô
֮󣬴ҶܿģѾƣҲĳΪƮ칬һϡ
ȻҲ·Сʼ
īӡʮ֮
ħһ˪ĴСˣ
˿ȥ൱ƣǵľ״̬ȴǳĺá
óīеĵǣʦʦˣѾ˫˫̤׼
ħСҲԳīķչʾףء
ʦͽˣʦС꣬һ𣬺Ⱦ̸ġûнˡ
ʦЩʦȥôѶޣīħȻľ磬ѾȫԽʦʦǰȻһࡢ
һѾħ̾һųƣϣ¶һ˿Цݣ˵ȥ˺֮ܶءȥѰϲݺͱ
Ƕ˵ħ֮أ˵һԪǰǵطѾ״飬һƬޡߣħǱߣ޷롭īħ
ħͷȷѣҸʦ档
Сһ˵ǵطȻһƬ֮أʵһЩ½鱣Ϊһʧ֮ء
ʧ֮أЩĿС
ֵطŲ飬ǿģǵ磬Ǹû취뿪ڵĴ½Ƕ뿪Ϊܽǻޣһ뿪½̫Զͻȫʧȥ½ϢȻ󡭡ʧ޾Сõģ֮ҵһ½ҵ硣ģһֱҲ֮ءС˵
ͳī̲סһ벻ǵطȻΣաʦʦЩ꣬ȻûٳԿࡣ
С˵Ҹʦͦ˵ģǲǱ߳ɹͻƵ׼ľ磬һɹҵҩ˵ţСһĵóУݸī
īͷ͸ʦҩ
ħųī˵֮ǰЩ飬ûϣǻ·ϣʦ￴˺ܶŰļ¼ܲףҲ㣡
ī˵ûʦ˾ͳɡ
ûˣȻûˣʦĽħֱӶƱ
Сˣ԰һСԺ棬ȵüΪġ
ڶһ磬īҵ˷ӣѾһѡīĻƽΣȡһЩҺȻϲݺͱһ𣬿ʼû¯
īҩȫһˡ
ʮʱ䣬ı仯̫࣬īԸ֪ʶĻۺУҲѾһȫµľ硣
һֻ֪սʿԷˮоˡ̣óīֻ̫ȫµĵ
ЩŽķ㣬롰Ҿ죬ҡľ硣ʧˡҲûǿгΪѾоǸ磬ɵ
Ҳ˵һķ־磬ôȻƬشڱ״̬Ȼɵ
Ϊˣǰרȥһ˵ھųǡȥ뿪骣Ҳʸ¡
ڵھųǣȻһģ֪ϵ뿪ھųǡ
ԳīƶϣҲʾͬ߳īķӦ硣
Ҵû˵ķܸ߼ӦѾ߳ľ硣һʥķߡʱһĸ߳ī
īʵ׻ƴ򣬲ûرǿʿô
ЦЦǿκ棬һͷ˲Խλ档
īʱеˣʸףħ彵٣׻᲻֡
ҡҡͷħ彵٣Ҳ죬Ҳ֡
ǣҪҪһȥīʵ
Ѿͷһô꣬Ӷûһȥʲô
īεĸ׸ǣҲûȰ֪ȰҲȥġΪʲôô궼ûкӣǲҪؼǲҪ
ԼȻǳīҲûס궼Լĺӳϴ
˵꣬ʺ硣ֶѱǲҪúˡ
һ¯ҩܿƳīȥʦ׳ī˼ҩøСʱСĵһ䡣
ʦ꣬ħή٣ʱ򡭡
СһЦȻ˵޷ʱ򣬺ǰ
걻С仰ŵòᣬϽī˵ˡ
īһӾʦʦ⣬ȥħ
ħųīҪһӣʦЩԸħѪսȴЩԸ֮ǰĺܶ飬Ҷûв뵽һֱĴźһЩ飬Ҫȥġ
ǡīüͷ˶˽ģԵĻĲϣħСսˣʦħ壬ʵ̫Ҫˡħκεʧ
ʲôСӶ£һ£ħɨһ۳īȻ˵ˣСŮ̬֮
īЦʲô֮ʦǰԶǵǸꡣ
ˣϽɣûҡ£ûʱսһǰ档ħ˵ţȻָ˳ī
н磬ôī˵ˣѾˡħܵʲôʱ򣬶ⲻ൱еһ
ʮ޻ʣһꡣ
ʱСѾ˼µУÿ԰ϳĸԵĹԡ
ī꣬ѪħǺӵż
ʣһˣǱʱ̼طĶñˣīôģԣˡ
Ƭսĵطīȫп
磬˵ħνٵˣ᲻һȺ𣿡վڳīߣ˵ʵеڣǰ꣬ӦҪӵġ


1349 
īһº͵ĵһȺڻߡ˵
ǿҡҡͷ
īЦԣʲôսǣЩ꣬ľ磬ɵֻôһߣôһ㣬ֻҪͻƹȥǾͳɹˡϧƬصĹˡ
˵ûȥħɵ
ţīüһ
˵ħ彵ٵʱͨ򿪣ͨɲǵġΪʲôȥǱ߳ɵ룬׺ܶࡣ
ī룬漴ҡͷЦܵģħ岻᲻ǹȥһ˲䣬ͻԵĴ
룬ҲԼ鲻Ǻܿף룬˵ƬգٿӡһɡЩˣҲԵһӡ
īͷһΣǰһҲǴŵ⡣
꿪ʼּƷĲϣЩЩղأһ֣ǼֵޱȰϡ
긨īִݣٶȼ졣ˣȻ˽һµʱ䣬ƬУһķ
ⷨҪȵѪħ沼µҪǿ
Ⲣ˵īѪħǿܶ࣬ΪīյĲϣԶԶѪħḻ̫౶Ѫħ֮һ㲼óҪΪϲûôҡ뱻κ֪飬һжĽеġ
ƬǺӣѾһƬ棬ī꣬Ⲽãᱻ˷֡
һºһ󣬱ӡƬ嫵Ĺ¼ǺӵС
īһ˵ȻҲδס̫ã٣ԸǴһ鷳ˡ
ʱ򣬳īȻУһ˹ȥ΢΢һûиӦʲô쳣
īü˵ߣǹȥ
ͷû׷ʳīʲôĬĬĸȥ
˵ٶȶ̫ˣسɴ磬һǧ嫵Ǻмۡ
ȫǰ˼ʱѾһƬİУīפ㣬ǰһƬ޴ϵ
ʲôһ䡣
Ѫ£ī˵ţһֱû뵽ƬϵС
΢΢һ˲¶ϲɫųīҲųƬϵС
īһô꣬굱ȻѪʲôīϵĲϣԭӦʮѪ£ȴֻĿѪϡ֪١
ЩҲεȥѰҹ޹ҲֻܷϾǻиҪȥ
ֻû뵽һΣȻõ˹ѪµϢ֪īôӦġǲĹ͡ΣҲҪųīõѪ¡
ǽħսҲҪá
Ƭϵ൱Ӵǳšǵӳ£еǳͬһ㣬Ƕ浱С
īûбκһǳǳһƬ޽Ʒ˹ȥ
Ƭ̫޴Щ޴ǳǰµĳ΢ƳֳɫѤɫƯƬϵСǳΧƬйתš
īνӽƬƵɲǼ䣬棬Ȼ䴫һ졣
һֻޱߵľ˫ĻգֱӴƵз˳Ǿ죬ǾĻշġ
ǳҪǧ޴ƥڣˮɡɢųī͵ĳ
Ȼ˫Ĳ࣬īھǰ㲻ϡ˫ƣȻ޼ģ
īһϣܵѪµϢңţ
ԾǿǳϢīûоɫֱӳˡ߱죬̧־һ
һ൱⣬һȴޱȾˣ
Ȼͳͬһߣֻ͵ľն˹ȥ
һ̫ˣƬǺӶնˡǳ׷ױޣǺӣǱնһ㡣
ӣīһֱпն롣ʱһĲҽУ
һֻ׼۷徳飬ƬУ޵еĴڡˣڳ֮ǰûīȴû뵽˿ֲһ֮£ıܵش
ڲҽУ׼𾳽ѪƬաƬ嫵УҲƮžնĺɫÿһë޴ޱȣеǳö࣬ҲΪءһë׵ĳһǳ
֣ʼռЩë׼𾳽ëȻǷƷ
īûпЩһֱֻ֣ץն֮󣬴Ӷ
Ѫ£
ŭ嵱еȻ˸һˡ壬Ȼųī͵Ĺ
ϧ̶ֳȵĹʮǰĳīὫô˶ʮĽ죬κβ˳īīֱӳ֣һƳɣȻйأˡִԲ򣬽ͻ
ŭţǿޱȵ˵ԣǿ飬ȴͨ֪Էͼ
˵˿ʮıСŶ󣿾ôߣǿ˵ı㻹ҪҪ
īһֱӼ˲
ĿѪ£ų貶ĿĹâֱǺе̫ҫǧ򱶣
ƬīУâӳյһƬĿȻѰĵطۣҲᱻҫϹ
ֱӾˣΪҲӳīĲиܵѪµϢ
ҵģֱӻһâ
ī̧־һԴֱնȵԼҲڡ
񷢳̶Ľȴ˺ԶȻĿųīѴߵѪ£Ƕ档ޱȷŭʼĺٻͬ顣
뿪Ѫ£ûκοܣֱӷɻص档Ҳһֱ̣Ӿˣ
ˣ
һֲһ
ֱӽѪийصϢһա
ȻһϢīľʶС
գ
īһԭѪ¡
ʱ򣬲ĹâҪȸոո貶Ŀ
âƬ޴ϵ޾ңԶȫ
ںͬľ͵һ£Ȼ󷢳һĽһɫâ˲û뵽ƬƵС
ֱӱˣ
ĶϾٻҲ顣
ֻĥ̴Сɫ󡣬޾ңԶĵط߼ÿһԾԾǧľ롣
˫Ŀ⣬𣡡


1350 
ɣ
һֱǳγһųīߺȻ
īȻû˵ʲô·ֻĥ̴СɫϵϢʵֲ̫ˡ׵ĽƬա
޽ӽ飿
ԣ
īոǸж֮󣬾͸о飬ӦѾԽǸ飡
ֻܣ
ǵսȴ֪ΪΣûﵽĲΡ
ī䣬һԲ˼ٶȣֱӳȥ̧־һȭһֻɫ󡡣
һֻ
䣡
䣡
Ƭգ͵ķһҵĲǳ䱬飡
ּ֮սʵ̫ˡء
īΣ˼ֵֻ󡣬Ҳ˼Ȼ󷢳һ
ɣ
һ˫۵У⡣дſֲķͬһѷƥļųī
īȻ̧һȭٴκֻɫ󡡣
һȭֻɫ¶֮ɫ͵Ծȥ
ಣ
һԾǧ
޾ңԶա
Ǳ߸սֻɫ󡣬Ҳܵеī꽣棬һ˿Ѫ
֮Ѫ
ֻɫ󡣬һĶųīꡣһֻɫһȻԣ֮¡¡졣
࣬
Ǳǵģ
㽻
ֻټ죬ĶųīȻĻɢ
īҲż֮ɫתͷһꡣ
괫īҲһһԪǰĹϵ伮棬ǵĽܡ˵ֲ𾳽顣ڻʯǿߡһԪǰսУ硣ּ׻ָˣ˵һ桭
ʱһֻҲȻ˵һ㣬ѺڽǴ˵ĺڽǵ׷ߣǴˣ
ֻһĸġ˵ͬŮӣɳƣɳˮĦǳ
ֻոӽ˾޴ƵеľʱҲٴη˳ɫʵ̫һϵĺɫ½ȻգҲһյĸо
һ㣡ŭ
һ㣡ĸŭ
īʱͻȻα־һкƣ
ֱնֻɫ
֮ǰɫѾīնϹһһΣīһնɫ񼸺ŵûɢǾ޴ַ˻ȥ
ٶȣȻһߣûܷɻȥֱӱīһն촦
ţīڽֱϷڽǾ޴ƥͷ­һץȻʼӡ
㡭ֱӱŭͻȻ佫ͷ³żǧȻҪԳīն
īһֱͷһأ̧־һ
߱ݺݶ
𷢳һ춯صĲҺɡ
һͷӲīһնˣ
Թ˵ֱǲ˼һ壬ٶƵġͷٶȣǿ쵽˼飡ȹâĴٶȻҪ죡
ܹݺ棬˸ǣоųϵԭǵͷոսУһֱûʹãΪԵˡ
û뵽̲סʩչɱһҪشʱͷȻնˣ
ǺܳܳһͷƯһ㣬Ҫӻȥ
һֱӳ֣ͬϴѹǽͷȻ˵ⶫһӦòٶȿ죬󣡡
ɣ
ĸȫķŭ
Ǹе𾪺Ϳ־ǣīʱ򣬾Ȼֱڽͷ­
ǿž޴ƥͷ­ʱ˿̣Ѿī÷ѹƵ൱Сĳ̶ȡȻһǳô󣬵֮֮ǰȴҪС
ͷնһأûôżͷŭУͻȻںޡˣԭ֮ѾҪ׼뿪ˡΪǵĵڽַ˳Ϊĸһ仰˼ֱǿҵĻɣ
ǸӵľٶѾ˺ڽıʣ
̫ˣ
ᣬ˿̳ӶҪˣ
ԼԦʱ£һʱ䵹ȥȻĸ𣬵ʲô鶼ûıߣʲôѽܱȺڽֵܱҪǿɣ
СӣҵĸɶӣҿȥĶųīз֮
Ǻǣɶӣһ𣿡īЦѵҲĳ鲻ɣ˵ţ俴һ۹
ӣʱһ£־磬Ȼֱ˿˵ĸоŭҸɶӸԩ޳𣡡
ʱǿźڽͷ­Ѿī޷ƳһżʮɷԲĺɫ塣ˣҪѹѾˣ
УڽӴƥʱٴһͷ­һ˫޴۾У⣬ŭųī
īһɫ壬һ˵ϽʲôӦеͷȻҾͳ㣡
ֻͷ­ĺڽʱһ£Ȼұ粵ֱᣬƬ޴Ʒɻȥ
īƬƵУżĹâû뵽е棬Ȼ
һΣȫƭȥˣ
ΪʱУһֻޱʵʻĺɫһȥУһͬѪ⡣˭뵽⾹Ȼһ֮󣬻ɵ飡
ҪĵīܻⳡԵ
ʵīǣħǱߵĶ侲ԼҲ뵽еȻ಻ʤͨ˵ô飬̫ټˣ
ΪֻҪ飬нʳ
𾳽ĴڣͬҲˣȻԽʳ󣬿϶ǷЩ޾ؾ
ڽôĶһٷóԶٶ붼ÿֲ
ʱѾīնǶιͷƳһߣϲĵ硭Ҳ飡
仰һֻɫܣȻתܣ
ɣ
ɣ
ԷһУ˲䳯Զ޾Ծߡ
գ۾Ͷʧ֮յС
īûȥ׷ϣҪѹֻɫ󡣬ûôס
˵ˣΪʲôϢȴûսԭ⾹Ȼ𻯳ɵ飬ǸߣűʵĲͬ
˵ţӶһͷƳɵĳ޴ߡ
ž
Уһ졣
ⶫһƳȻ
𣡡¶ϲɫ
īǿżʮɷԲĺɫ壬Ҳջص˲統ȥ򣬸һ˲õ̺ŵĵ򲨶óīľĸо
Ҳҿ׻ƴ򶼱ӡˣȻĻҲãڽҲãͻƵ𾳽ˣ
ҪڵĳīҲֻ֮һֽ
ī໥һۣԷϵϲá
һΣջ


1351 ʤ
Ȼûֻܽڽ񳹵ѹЩźʱҲЩˡƬƵУдΣȻǳī־磬Ҳ׵Ĵ롣ֻܵԺлᣬ֮һˡ
īʼվƬ޴ƵУܻŸܡ
˳ѪħǺӵķϻȥȻͣûлص硣ǵһߣҪ⡣
ӡ׽ʣһ¡ʿǱ߸ϸ
޾򡢺¡̡мʮλЩ̤׼𾳽ʿȫˡ
֮ʣÿ˶ֵúӢ¡֮ѣ˭סⲻ˵磬ӵԵܱܿġħһռ磬Ϊģϵ׻ƴƽ
ħӡ׽ʮʱ򣬴ĶٴγѪħǺߡ
ȺΪȻʮʿǵУкܴһ֣޸׵ɢޡīȫڳϣ
֮ȻûмȴѾõ˵Ͽɡ
ȺʵǸЩ׼һģǵٶȣҪ˺ܶࡣվħ彵֮ǰǳ
͸īųһˣȻطһȺȻеѪڷڣʵħһ̣Ƿ֮ʱǵе̫ˣܶزȥˡ
ǻˣ޷˵ˡ֮ǰˣȫźԼĺ¡
һЩʿԼе˺ѵȰ裬ȫֳ˼Ϊᶨ־̬Ⱥܼ
һغսû˭ܹ⡣˵϶ݶ꣬־硣϶ţʲôȥ
ȴ˵ȥǵ󣬾ǣҵˣˣԣҲˣ
һԪǰħȴһǿ߸ˡһԪȻûôǿˡȴܶȵǶ׻
йìܣѾ˹ƣңҲⱲӣĽ˭ʱ򣬳ΪĶ֡һΣǰߣҲҪȥȻҲҵȴ١
ԣʿˣЩīйģйˣˡ
Ʈ칬ʮʦҲȫˣ
н磬ȻǺһǺܶеŮ֮ǲȱս
īŲϴԶЩʿѹѹһƬ
գ
УӳԶľ롣
ЩʿȻ֮࣡
Ȼ޽ʱ򣬾վôʿЩ˳īԤ֮⡣
ⲻսƽ
ȺʿȫԷγһУɭû˴˵Уȫ˼֮ɫīУҲӿһɸж
ǰǵӰж˿ȣǵ֮
Ʈ칬ˣ˿ȫۼ˳īߣǲˣһж棬صģǵһߣ
īĿ⣬˵ӹϵͷĿ⣬䵽ϵʱ΢΢һ¡
ƳųīȻһЦһЦůȴ޹鰮뿪ɽǰƮ칬һ̣ƾѾˡī֮䣬Ĵûй鰮֮ǰйĶ侲֮ҲָоǣйϵǸˣȻ㣬ҫۣ
ɵԽԽ㣬ԽԽҫ۵ʱͻȻһʶԭʵûԳī˱ĹĵģǳīϵЩ⻷
䣬˶ܿԼģԼҪʲôǶ˵ģΪǶʿԪഺפԿкܶʱԼҪʲô
Ҫģħ壡׽Լĸ飬һؿƽȹôӴ˺һ
·Զ⣬Ὣ¶
н缸˵Ĺʶ
ī΢ЦŵͷǶξƿȥѾ׷ˣȴûȫ¡ȻǽƵŮ˿ġҲȥǿʲôֻĬĬȥػκ۸
󣬳īˮϣ¶ůЦݡ
ˮ̫ˣ
ЩٳƮ칬ߣٳڳīǰ˵̫࣬Ҫȥʵϣʱ䣬ȴڼпĴС
θī棬ҲҪ·
ѵҲԼģȻ΢ЦŷôʵûУƵȫͬ
ԼףȥȳīͬʱҲԼӱƶԳīûֿ̹ĵĸоȻĶҲûеġ
ˮͬȻҲڳī磬ȵ֮ŶʾġԳī˽⣬ȴǴӳīһ̾Ѿʼ˵ģ
ʱˮԳī˽⣬ĳ̶ֳ˵һȳԽ꣡
һʼľܾͣٵ͡ǳͣ
һĹ̵ġ
ԣԳīĸ飬ȷǺֿġ
ԣīһ𣬾оⱲӣԼΨһˣˣΪļ¶ڿīһ۵ʱ򣬾ĸģϲˣ
ź˵ĽӴ࣬Գī˽⣬ȥյЩڳīϢһһӡ֤֮£ֳīԶи㡣ǣˮܿԽȥԸΪ˸һУ
˼ǣԴѣʼڳī֮ˮԳīָ飬ȥǰߵЩ겻˶Ϊˮī׷ֿء
ʵûУ꣬ҲеŪˮ̬ȡ֮ǰһϵˮҪīߡҪһʢĻҲû⣬ˮܾˡֻ꣬˵ĸ֣ʱ򲻵
ҲЩˣɴ೹׷˰ųī齨¡ҲˣīȺŮˣûһͷԼ򵥵ˡȫ
ΪǣҲͬѡ
ô㣬Ȼϲ㣬ûôϲңôԶԶĿ㣡
⣬ǳīȺ֪ǵ˼
һ仰̫ˣ
ˮųīȺУ߳īǰһΪ󵨵ľٶȻڳīϣһ¡
˷ʱһƬȻܶ˶һĻ¶ŵɫƮ칬ˣЩš
΢΢һ漴¶ĵЦݣôȥͨˣҪҵĽ𣿡
ˮһЦȻųī˵һսӮҾͼ޸㣡
ˮ⻰ûбܻˣǵ˵ڵģˣ˵֮ܶʱһȲʵ
ʱ˸ߺһʤ
˲䣬ŭȣʤ׻ƴʤ塭ʤ
ʤʤ
ʤʤʤ
¡¡Ƶǧ


1352 ۾ħ
һֶ֮ףͬʱҲһ޵е
緲ϵɽ»𺣵ȺĶʿԼٵħ壬ͬ׳ʿһȥⲻľĺǵѪڷڣǵȣ֪ջᱯĻȴȻ޷ˣ
ɲǼ䣬ƬѪħǺΧ﷽ԲУһɺ嫵ϢϢ
īĸӦ׻ƴƺȺ˵ŭһ˿Ҫȥ׽ָоʱȴʧˡڳīе㻳ɣոָоǲǻþ
ˮ΢΢ͷһսȢ㣡˵ţֿһ꣺һ𣡡
Цеĵͷһĵӣòһֱ̲סȷǴûн鰡
վڳīֱߣˮɵī֮󣬾û뿪վ˳īֱߡ
ĺգʱ˿ֱۣаǺø
һպħ۹أ
ûʲô׵ģѪħǺĴ޴ƥķ棬ķӡֱ䡣һӡҲĥˡ
ڷӡʧһ˲䣬Ǳ߾ʹ˶
أ
һ죬쳹Ƭգӳǹɲ˸еľΪǲ֪ŶԶĲڽǰôɲÿµʲô̶ȣ
أ
һƵľ죬ͬսı졣
һâ˲Ƿ
һڹ⣬ͬī֭ڵ˼ʵһĺڶΪâܱսȥƾȴһ⡣
ͨ޾һ˫У˸ŹâܴͨдȥĻлɵء
īЦҪҪԣ
޾ҡҡͷˣ粻棬ȻɵΣûʲô塣ɵԼĹɵ
Ҳͷ˵ĶԣҪɵʹ죬Ƭ֮³ɵ
ˣ
һ죬ڹд
ţһ
һͷ޴ƥĺɫޣ˳ڹ⣬һ
ɫ޵ͣһǳôģͬɽһ㣬żԴīɫľ޴ƬţƬ˸ڹ⣬ˮ

ͷ޺ܿʹڹȻ󷢳һ޴һ̤ͨķΧε
ţֹޣڹͨҲһǧͷ֮࣡
¸޾Ǻӣߵʿͨ濴һĻ֮ձʮءȻƶϲݣЩ޵ͺͶ϶ѪħǺһǧٶȣôҲ۷Ϊ׼Ϊ
⣬ֻǵһȷѡ
󣬴ڹͨУһͷֲֿľ֮󡣰ûж
ȫסţûħֻôӡҪôĻô׻ƴھѾԻˣ
ͷ޶׼𾳽飬Ҳ֮ս˭֪ⲻܡΪħǱߣźܶģٵĿǰΪֹˣΪġ
Ȼһ֮һε飬ڹͨһ㼷ţͷֻ޴ţǣ޴ɽ塣һ˫ɺӣµ⡣
üĴȻһֻۣ
ͬǺɫ
ֻ۾棬·лȼգħ죡ֻ۵УȴŹҽʵҽҪ̫࣬Ʋϸֳ衣
۾ħī˵
λħġħٿȫ顱棬йħĽܡ
һͳ͵ħ壬ԣ̺ܸߣóͳġīߵЩˣ֮ǰ֣ħ⡣
ħ⣿ܶ˶̲ס΢΢üͷ
ڣȫָеʮֺ档Ȼڵħᣬħ壬û˿˽⡣ĸ׶ħ嵹˽⣬飬ħ塣ԣЩƶħ˵Ȼ֪֮١
ī˵ԣ飬ħеĵλߣǵ̺ޡȴԲ̣֮ͬ䣬ҲᷢһһȥᱻһԵħ壬˴ħ֮⣬ܼԦħħ壬ҲΨ۾ħ
ųīĽ⣬˴Ӿпڹ۾ħϰٸϰħܿƯЩħ⣬ÿ۾ħһҵħ⣬ѪħǺӵıԵ
΢΢üųīҪǹô
īû˶ڹ⣬̾һħУҲи˰Ӳıӡ˼ʮ꣬ǱҲʶ⡣·һ߻ֱɳħ۾ħͷЩ飬ħеĵλ̸жߡ۾ħȻܴǻۺܸߣΪǵӳªԣħҲ޷ħᡣ
ȫųīĽȫеʮ𺳡ΪīħɭϵȼıΪīħ˽⣡
˶ȷţ֪λ֮ǵصص壬һǳһĺˣһֳīǲǸħйصĻɡȻĻôܶħ˽⣿
ⲻ֪Ѫͳ޴ħҺƣħȴǼûа˽⣡
īȺϷѪħǺӱԵħ飬ˣ߸߾һֱָָۣ죬λͻᷢҵһսǡ׼𣿡
īᣬȴ׼Ĵÿһ˵Ķ档
ˣһ˲䣬ûһ˵ˣȫ߸ߵľһֱۣʳָָ죡
һɺ嫵ƣ˲ڶ
ֱӸƬǺӣƺƵ޾
ңԶѪħǺӱԵЩ۾ħħ˲ͣסɻĳңԶȥһ̣У۾ħҲչ˾ͨߵ
Ⱥħ飬û¶κεĿ־֮ɫħ飬һ˷ͷħ⣬˻𣬿ʼ궯Ҫ۾ħǳܹǿѹơ
Щ۾ħɺͬҲȫ¶˷֮ɫ
һģ۾ħǳڹͨһۣȻʲôģһӡ
ʱͷħ⣬ϰ۾ħָ£ߵķ򣬺Ȼ
ԽһеǰĶ̤飡
ħӰֱӳ˳īԣĿǱߵķ
ʦôˣСʦīħ΢΢üͷĿдżֵǡʦС֮ǰһӤʱƮ칬䶯ˡ
Ʈ칬һ
ħҲ޴ҸҲűʱī궼ûڼҡʱѾī뿪ʱƮ칬ˣҪʦ
֮ǰûħīͦˡû뵽սǰһ̣ˡ
˵ⳡսҲħ䣬˵


1353 ħ
ħ˵ţûٶ˵ʲôǽĿͶħķ
޾򡢺¡̡һĶǿߣҲڿǸͬûκηı顣ǵУ˸ŷս⣡
ħ彵٣ȻһˣǲҵġͬӢۣҲŻģ
ˣѾû·ӱܣҲûа취ӱܡˣֻһ
ͦţԣ棡
ʵħ壬һԪ֮׻ƴˣɲˣ
ɱ
ۿȺħԽԽīȻ䱬һ춯صŭһһ⣬ֱӳ˳ȥ
īе߱죬ݺնǰһͷħ⣡
ƥĵ棬ͳĵ˼顣ͷ൱ħ⣬ϵһ۾ħīһֱ롣
Ѫ˲˳ա
īһֱӵȼⳡսĻ档
壬ħ壬ȫһ׼ѪҺеսܣ
ɱ޾һֱӳȥ
ɱ³ȥˣ
ɱҲȥˡ
ħʲôҲû˵һȣֱӳȥһħϵ۾ħһֱ顣ͷħݺײħϣȴԼײ÷ǡħȴȻ
Ե˫Ψħ
ʱ꣬Ȼûκεı仯
ǿߺǿ
½ѩƮݣȥˡ
ˮ˸ŷս⣬Ҳȥˡ
ὣУ˫һѣսӣǸོ̤Ρ
ƽŰһĴ󵶣һĳȥ
棬Ʈ칬ŮǾһ𣬴˿̶Ѿ˳ȥ
üһ㶼ûб¡
벩ë嫺㡢ͯӰЩƮ칬ǣȫܲ˵һߡ
˵īһնһħ֮սĵһôԵȺˣֲ˭ĵڶҲûء
ս
˫ӵһ˲䣬ֱչ˼ҵս
Щħ飬ʵǿ󡣼ħʵȫ۷硣۾ħ򼸺ȫ׼ľ磡
һȺսֲħ飬£Ȼ磬ʿһֲĻƾħϰ׼۾ħԸɾ޴ʧˡ
磬Ҳûпܣ
ڣһ׼ټϳīʮýֶΣԲ·ݽΪۣٵĶ֣
ʵīַʽӲŅ̀һأ
£˫̱ӣʿԶʤħ壬ʤң˵϶б
߻гīħ޾򡢺¡ֻּô˿Ĵڡʿһľ޴
īĿ⣬ס˴ں󷽵һ۾ħͣ۾ħ˵ҪСһţмֻۣͬһǶǵĺ챦ʯޱȵ財
īһ۾ϳһ۾ħеͷ죡
ȺħŴҡīһѪħǺеڹͨѾôˣǱ߻ûʲôȻڵߴݻȥϢء
ī䣬аǰϢݻȥΣͷֲħ⣬ϰֲ۾ħҾǲ󡣲ħԶ
ͬʱǸīϵ۾ħҲע⵽˳ī
ī棬뷨Ǹ۾ħʵҲǣ
ԣīһɱħ⣬ն۾ħһĵĳǸ۾ħ쿿ȥԷҲͬڲźۼ£
Ϊ޾УЩ۾ħָħ⣬ϵ£ռ˴ƬĿռ䣬ҪҵԷһ׵顣
ʿѾɱ˽ɱ죡
УѪɺӣʿħȣҪ̫ˣ
׼𾳽ʿҲħߣ
ԣһսûʲôģؼ⣬ͨУûгħ壬жǿж١
Ŀǰ˵ҲûȥˡǰһսӮĻǺħ壬ʲôϵأƽȴǰһս
¡¡
ʱħȺ嵱УȻ䱬һ졣
īΣ׷ɳԶħߣҲһӰż׷ɳȥ
ʮͷùħ⣬ֱӱսĲ÷ǡ۾ħҲû⣬ˣ
׼ս۾ħ
º޾ˣһĻһпЩǣǸпǧڳīǿ̶ȣѾЩľˣ
īоԼһ΢ķڣаʵ۾ħһʵȻԼ൱ӽ
ѵ˵ħǰվȷô𣿳īͷЩءĻôߣֹۡ
Ǹ۾ħĺһʶһҵĲȻֱӳųīüĴֻ챦ʯһ۵Уֱһâ
âд޾ĻϢֱӽոһޡĳ̶ֳϣâӰ쵽ƬաΪٶȣʵ̫ˣ
īоٴθıʱͿռ䣬㱻âֱӻ˼ͷ
ۣ
һѪųȾ˳ī
īƺһâ̺żǿķڷƻųīīתķǿĵⷨϳȥ
ī俴Ǹ۾ħɿĽӽ˶ԷȻ߱죬̧־һͷ
һУ˵ʵϣȴֻڵʯһ˲䡣
۾ħгīīתˣٵī۾ħֻ顣
Уƺ۾ħǵ⣬ĳīȻʱ򡭡īһҲѾˣ
۾ħȴ鲻ģǰ࣬ȻӵиıʱͿռı죡
ĺһŭȻһƫͷһֻɽţīһ
꣡
Ƕϡ
īһݿһն۾ħ֧ǣȻֽ֧ߣӽ˲档ȻһȻûܵκε赲ݺݳ۾ħԴȥ
ǣ
һ죬۾ħԴȻīӲն
ͬʱ۾ħҲޱ׺ԴҪˣȻֻۣһâݺݵĸ˳īһ¡Ȼ޴İƣųī˵ͬһݺݳ˹
̫
һǳҲ׾ٵĸ飡
īһ۾ħԴ롣ۼδȴ۾ħеĹâֱӶǸطī൱
ʵ۾ħ죬ҲǶųī෢ĹֻǱīܿ˶ѡ
ʱ۾ħǿֲĴҲˣֱӽī÷ɳǧ
ಣ
һնһ۾ħͷ­֮󣬼˲һڳīԡˮҲǽ
Ů໥һۣȫ¶֮ɫ
ʱ򣬳īõӣֱӶˣǺЦҪģҺأ
ĹǴѿδһ޴˿ڣѪȾȫǰοˡ
ˮ۾һ¾ͺˡ
ʱսϣһƬң
۾ħ죬ˣ


1354 ڶħ
ո۾ħƴشīҲҪī׻ɱƴѾȫͬԪڣīһĥˣ׶Ͼ
ī֮۾ħֱ
ɢ
Ӵڲϵ߽⡢У֮Ӵϵзֽ⣬ľһƬɢȥ
ʣµЩ۾ħȫŭǵˣɵĴȫǻԵģħҲʧȥǵʱʳͬʬ壬Զʳ۾ħʬ塣һϵѹơ
ܶȻܵĳīʱ״̬ۿųѵõĻᣬˣȫŴҵħ巽˹ȥ
ħ׺ݵĻɱħ壡
޾ͺ¡̵ȼ׼Ҳȫˡ
ħ⣬ȥɱΪʿǿĴڣȻҪȥֲĶ֡
½ѩЩˣҲڵһߣǵϣ붼ҲʣһЩءûȴ
ȫڷĲɱţ
īŵЩĵҲȫչֳ˾ķɡ
ڴۻ£貶ĿĽɫâǹâѤֱӣÿһܱƬĽɫâǹâз·ſֲľǱеħ顣ħ⻹۾ħȫĲҽȻӴ˲䱻ʴ
һӰžޣ̤һѾ޴ĳΣ󵽸ЩħͬСÿһʯ쾪ޱȵǿơ
棡
ҲһޱȾ޵ʿ񾭹ݷޣѾ׼Уһս൱ǿᡣҪͬ׼ǿһء
ҲһսǾ޵֣ʶһʱ綥콾
ʵȺʿУ˻кܶ࣬ǶһʱĿܣͬ˵еٮٮߡǶͨսʿǧǧʿһΪ˱Լļ԰Ϊ˱Լ˶ս
۾ħȺħ˻ԵĴԭʵϣǾͲռơˣǸǸе̿֡
ʱһ۾ħվȻ䷢һ﷢ϵסԭʼħԡûܹ
ţеħ飬ʱŭЩħ⣬ȫͻȻǷ˿һս˲һ룡
дʿ⧲֮£ħⷢĹˣЩ˵ˡߣʱЩҡ
īüһȻһǿҲΨ׻ƴߵʿܸӦ
ҪţҪƣǲΣ
ī֮ɫЩĿѪħǺĴڹͨȻǼž
̫˽īһ֪£ʵʲô
ī˵ֻ۾ħ˵һдֱ֣ǵûдȥıҪˣ
ˮȫ̲סһͬڹͨǱߣ໥һۣУżֽš
ħȷѾֲܿˣȻĽҲͬҪۡʱħĻ᲻Ǿߵħأ
Ⱥ龳ߵġҲֻˣ
뵽ֿܣŮжøӳ
īʱٴδһһ֮ǰѾźõİšЩʿѪħǺ̫ˣҪԶһˡ
ʮʱ䣬ī֮ͷѾ׵뵽˼ÿһʿĿСˣԳī·ʿȫûκԥֱӱսˡ
սϵħʱѾ׷ˣʧȥǣֻʣ¿ֲսܡ۾ħʱҲǿпǡԣһˣǱ۾ħȻʶƺﲻԵӣҲΪ
ʵЩ۾ħҪҲûа취ΪʿЮȺħ飬ԶѪħǺӵķȥ
սӲԶѪħǺӼǧʱѪħǺӵڹͨУһΡӰ
һΣӰҪ˺ܶ࣬ҲͼʮÿһϣȫɭֲϢħ죡
⼸ʮ飬Ȼȫӵ֮ǰǸ۾ħʵ
īаˣ
ߣҪԿ
ǷǼǲ
ĻīвʣΪǷ׼ΧɱħģھͼĻЩ˷ѡ
ǲĻھͻ١Ⱥħ飬ɲ̫ʱ䣬һ֣Ȼʯ쾪
ʱˮȻ˵ôоħ塭Ҳûж𣿡
ʲô˼īһüͷ¶˼ɫ
Ҳ˵Ҳôģؼһڣħ硭׾׻ƴжԶ
ˮ˵ǰ£ûмκεļңҲ֪ϵĴڣӡ׻ƴʱû˳ְħҲͬˡҵĸоħ塭ƺûôǿأ
ʾͬˮֿǵȷУӦóһ𾳽Ĵڡʵϣȴûм
Ҳ԰īͷֿԣ֮ǰûȴò̫ܡϾħ׻ƴ֮䣬޾ңԶľءгֵԤԣ˵Ҳ׻ƴ򣬶ħ塣
ߴڣԳ֣ӡһ硣ҪеġٶһħĻǿ
ڹͨгЩħϿȷЩɡǹȻǿ󣬵ȴӡеħ壬е㲻̫һ
ħ壬Ȼ𾳽ʿûߵĶࡣȴûߵشħԪ൱áһԪǰЩħǶѾˡûбӡĻħһֲ½ħŶԡ
ѾǵڶħˣȻû𾳽ħ֣
ȷЩͷ
īһȻڼսǴսһߣȥոճȺħ壡
ҪˮųīĿУżֵǡ
ǹâ˸᲻̫磿
Ů̫ˮǲµīʲôƣīһƴѪħزֲڣһʤˡҪ˵ûеƣܣˮܲµǵơʲô֮ģ
֪īʲô
Ѿ̤׼۾ĳīټԦǾֳɱֱǾģ
ʱɶ÷Ҳ꿴ƺЩˡϾ֮ǰ˵ǣīҪħģ
û֪ħ᲻׻ƴ򣬵ȴҪ׼
ħһ٣ǳ֣ҪôƮŮȺȻĻ磬ûκˣס
īҡͷ磡սܱ⡣ּ飬ڳ䲻⣡
˵䣬īһŮȻһȺѾȫĵڶħȥ
ˮ໥һۡ˲ûиȥǳ෴ķߣƬݱս
ֱӼսţ
Ϊīһս


1355 ɱ
ΪǱʤһս
īǾ߷׵ĽЩħ飬Ҳûʲôϣˡ
ոմڹͨгȺħ飬Ѿ൱ӽˡǵƤϣȴǸ˳ǵƬƬȫÿһȥ൱졣
еƬǺɫеɫк̵ģЩǵɫġжɫġЩϳɫƬЩɫмɫƬħ飬ħɢϢǿֲʱ޿̵ӰΧؿռ䡣
Ⱥħ˵ϡ٣ֻвʮӡ
ֻɫƬħ飬ԼĸɫƬĺɫƬħ飬ʮҡʣµЩȫǳŵɫƬħ塣
Щħ飬Ȼҳ߷ɹϵϢȫЩ궯
һֻɫƬħ飬һЩħ궯ʱƽֻģɫ˸ĹâĶųīȻߴﹾ˵һ󴮹ϵħԡ
īڲİ£ֱ֪˵ʲô
࣬ȥЩһѸٰȻ
д
īһĨȻ֮ɫЩңԼסˣûķ
ķһΪ˸ħЩ𾳽ħ׼ģһ棬ҲΪסħħش׼ģ
ԣϢīеܡ
װӣȺħһɫƬħ̧־һ

ħ鷢һѸٱĺһսìųīݺݴ̹
սìɢɱͬʱͷſֲĺڰϢڰϢΧգ˲㽫ն
һ൱£
ٶҲ൱죡
˷ʤ
Ȼһâ˲ʹ̵˳īǰ
ǲ
īһֱӽźɫƬħ룬ƥһҲݿһĸˡ
źɫƬħҽжûüһֱˡ
һĻֱӾЩħ顣
һɫħ飬ŭţī̧ƣīĹУбһīĳȴʵģһѵ
ʱЩħȫһĳųīķۼȫܵ˳īǿҪħһ֣īѹ
¡¡
īһУ¡¡Ĵ֮ɫħ飬ǰѵֱѿ壬Ҳֱӱˣ

ɫħ鷢һŭ𣬳ųī߷ֱ˹
ͬʱһɫħ飬Ҳֱӳ֣ųīһѹЩħ飬ѸٵĽīΧǰҼ¡нǶȸ
Χܲ͸ģ
īɫ䣬ĿǸɫƬħ飬ĬĬŵҵľԣ־ɽ
вĵ̨ȫתšЩ̨Ѿͬڵ۵״̬ȫѾֳ̨ĳΡÿһ̨ĵطͬһСһ㡣̺Ŵɵһīȫת˲䱬ֱǻԵģ
Լѹɫħ飬īȻվգȻݺһնɫơ
һֲ̫ˣ
ǹ˲ͽһƬոˡ
ɫֻɫƬƣīһֱӸʱһ춫ĲҽС׼ȷ˵òҺݣƺһЩ
īһƣ̺ͷ˲ƻɫһֱۡȻҲеҡֱ۶ϵˣһӡ־ҵʹϵĿ־壬粢ѷɫīɫֱӾͱˡ
һϵħԡ
ʲôϽϣɱ
īϣ¶һĨȱЦݣĶѾԽ˹âٶȣֱӳȥݺһնɫħĲϡ
ߴﹾħԸ˵꣬ͱīԴ
һͷ­ֱӷϸ죬һѪʱӿУȥޱȵмޡ
һΪħѪǺڵءī˵һ䡣
ʱɫħͷ­壬ȫԶȥҪ顣
ī׷ȥʱ򣬸ոɫĹѾˣ
ͬʱʣǼɫħ飬Ҳ׷׳֡ǶԳīľѾһ൱ߵĳ̶ȡ
īѹʱ
治ɫĳǸնͷ­ɫħ˹ȥȥ·ˣҲҪǸɫƴ
ٶʱħŭޱȣǶʱǿ˹
ܶǿͨȫųīķЩӰ쵽ʱͿռĹ
Ⱥħ飬ȫû֣Ҫѳī׽
ʱīնȥͷ­Ǹħ飬ԴҲѾյһ𣬱Ƶħ棬ۿžҪһֻɫĺŭޱȵ
ûгԹֿԳīѾʹ޵˼¡Ҫһ㽫ѹסóīͬҪһֽأ
أ
īǼħĹûֱӳڱնȥͷ­Ǹħǰ
Ƭնڲ˶ʱͿռͨӰ쵽Ƭأ
еħȫ־ŭֻĿǵӰһѵһΡǵɫͷ­ն⻹ꡭնָ֮롣ٺһͷ­ֱӸ𵴵ϡã
УǸɫħƴĴصšһոµͷ­֡Ҫ֮ǰͷ­
һУǵʯһ˲䷢飬һգ۵Ĺ򶼲
Ǹīնɫħͬʱ飬Щħ鷢ͨĵطͻȻҲһӰ
ӰĿֲƣϱâţûܹӡȴȫԸܵõǿ
ˣЩħ循ŭӵҲֻάôһĹ򣬾ȫֻʣ¾ˣ
īٱͷͬʱ֣ΣҲȥˣ
ڶԪķ̧־һֱһɫħ顣
ɫħһ˲䣬ʱһĴڣɱһ־ĽȻŴͣƺҪһЩʲôϢȥȴˡ
īԦ۷徳ķһֱѹڵκȻ飡
⡭ȴֻɱ¾Ŀʼ
īʵ̫ǿˣīֻһߵ£չֱֳӾǻ𼶵ġ
ûʲô飬ܵס̶ֳȵĹ
ħ飬ʼ׷䡣ǵڱ飬ڻǵĵл޾ɢƬ֮䡣
ʱīıýɫħԪ񳹵ն飡
ѪħǺӣȼһ޴ƥ̻
ѤƬ档


1356 干
һĻֱѪħǺ֮ʿȫסˣҲȫˣˣоһѪ˳Ȼȼ
һĻֱ̫ˣ
޵еӰɨħǿĳ˵С
¹ȥ꣬£ǶȻ˷ܣȻἤһĻĻ棬ֱ̫ǣԶԿÿһ˵
𣡡޾۾Ȼ䱬һž⣬һһħ⣬ʧ
ȷ
ǹɸѹصϢʵ̫ǿˡ
ȻޱңԶҲĸܵ
ʿߣ˲˲֪жٱÿˣȫĳǿս
սս൱ңȴһߵս
īߣԪԦɱȺħǴݿࡣÿһһħ鱻ش䳾
ѪħǺʿߵսʿƣҲѾѹħ顣
ħⰧţ۾ħŭȴ졣
¡޾̡Щ׼ʵ̫ǿˣǵսҲսУϵ־ʵͨϣҲʱֱӴЩͨԼʩչ֮ǰû
ѾΪһֱܣ
һսֳ˼ʱ̣֮֮ΪīܿͽȺϳƬħ顣Ȼʧع顣
ǱҲ֮
ǿƥսеħŷɥ
ļ룬սʱ䣬̡ѪħǺ֮⣬޾յУƮħѪγһѪӡ
ħʬ壬Ҳǣ֫ϱ洦ɼ
սЩʿҵģȫˡʣЩʬ޴ģҲֻԶĽƬС
ȫ׻ƴӢۣе׻ԶסһȺӢηǰǵѪƬյСļ԰īܵͳȻһսȡʤ飬ȴɣЩء
ħǱ߻ûгֵĴһδ֪ʿߵʧȴѾܴˡ
һ͵սչֳʿηɸͬʱҲ¶һЩ൱ص⡣
ʿƽʱ̫ˡ̫ûоѪսˡȻƽǾһЩսżҲΣȫûȡ
ħ壬ȴǳڲп֮أÿһ죬ÿһ̣⡣ԣЩħ飬սֹսֱǧսսս飡
˫̱ӵһ˲ܿս飬ħҪʿǿ̫ࡣ
¡ֶĴڣҲԽԽḻġ޾֮£Ҫǿ١ħЩҲҪѷһЩ
Щ߽׵ǣ϶Ųˡǵս鶼īḻĻܶ˿˶ܡ
һΣʿʵҪħǿ̫ࡣԣڸѪĴ֮ʿߣҲһսĥ³һЩս顣
ս۵ս飬Ķ
ƳΣʱҴħǱʱֵܻĴīҪϸһƽӦô
޾򡢺¡̻½ѩ˫Щȫī߾£ڣīĿⶼЩһīƣصʵ̫ˣ
ֱף
ȻǸɢſֲѹȺħ֮ʧӰЩ˶ɵӣôῴǸīֱӵĹϵ
ȻĻīһˣȻ֮Ⱥֲħ飬Ҳ
ˮһ꣬ųīаһص̫ˣоȻһŵƣħЩħ飬˭Ķ֣
ҲĸоīǷӦƵġһ𾳽ʿȥԦһ𶥼Ҫûƣ޵ˣ
Щȫʣǹǵ顣еĺ棬Ҫԭ򡣶Ƕ֪īУҪһе׵Ĵ𸴣
ЩħʱҲ᳹еˡ
īˣǵҳ̫ãԽǿĶֵ֣ܼʱԽ̡һơѹȫԣսҪŽһĲſԣ
޾һ̬˵硢·Ѿһˣݺ·ʿԣģһս´ˣ·ߡҲһȴ
¿һƮ칬еЩŮӣȻ˵԰Ѿ뵽Ʈ칬УīģǲϺȣ
һ￴ųī¶һº͵ЦݣЦݣһ統ôůİɣǵսȻḻһֱŬǲԶᣡ
īһѩСѾͻƋOȺŮϵ˿ڣһʹǵƣ˵صġΪսʱ򣬼ˣʶڱǣ
һͬҲһϿɣ
˫һվ˵˼һΣͬˣʿͬˣ˰벽
½ѩվ½ҸͬվһսףԶ˰벽
ˮվոīйԹˣ̫ࡣϣʼһĨĲɣĴϣҲ˺롣ųīˮһƽȻƮ칬һԱ˵һ䣬Ұʿĸ干
ԽԽǰ̬̬ȫޱȡⲻǺںţھһ֮սѪ֮ľ
ˣ棡
ˣѪڣ
ԽԽˣԡ
干
干
干
˺񷣬ҪĹ
һΣīӦˣ޾򡢺Щ׼ҲȫӦˡǲ¶ݣ̧ͷ񷡣Ȼֿī
ŵȺ
Ȼȳī޵³úܶ࣬ڶԵϣīȴͬǵʦһ㡣һֱϤָͽ̵ǡ
īӭЩ˵΢΢˵ͷ£Ҫȶȹһ֮˵
޾ͺ¼ˣʱ¶貵Ĺâһ˲䣬ݻ磬ȫѤ˺ܶ౶
һ˵Ϣˣ
Դʮǰ׻ƴӡһһֱ죬Ķߣڷһ˿忪ӡϣ
¾ֻôһ˿ҲȺ˼ӯˡ
īʱ򣬳ˣ¡¡ϢҿһϷħȷ£Ϊߣǵ³Զֻһ
īˣʱ޾ңԶѪħǺСڹͨͻȻޱȿ㡣ʼдħ壬˲ӿ뵽ѪħǺӵУ
һ˲䣬ϰħ֣һ̣򡭡򡭡һǧ򡭡ڣ
Ⱥħֵٶʵ̫ˣ
֮ǰٶȣȫָ֮ǰЩЩȴɡ
еħϣȫžϢ
оȫŸ߽׵Ĳ
ڸ߽׵ɵһ֧š
īʿȫһƬ䡣
һϷ
ҵ֮ǲǷˣ


1357 ħս
֮ǰǳսʤȻˣȴûȺʿӵħʱʤġ
ϾħǿᣬѾ̫ꡣʿĿУħ弸˲սʤĴʡ
ǿб䣡
ǵͬʿĺܶ౶
ǼѪ
ĮȫûС
ЩʿĿħӡ
һԪͨڿഫԼһЩϵĵ伮ħʿǵӡ󣬾
֮ǰû˲ӡĻ̸ħɫ䣬Ҳճʶ֮ʿļûκεĹעˣ֣ħ岻뷨ڶա
ֱ̱һ̣޴ʿǲʶʿħʿģսľ顣̫̫Ķ
ڣȻ˶ϣǵ֮ǿһϷȴûжΪܿһϷ
еʿȫͨо޴ľ棬ѪħǺڹͨУȻڽϵħЩ顣ˡĬšͷƤ飡
мʿѾʼóӰʯҪԼԡ
ī䣬ĿȺУ΢΢üͷȻ󣬵ȴϣ˵⽫һսкܴҲһսʮ꣬ǼʮϰꣻҲһԳƵսΪħӦûкֻܶ𾳽ĴڡԣҪԡܵ󣬿ܲ˿ˡΪǸʱ硢׻ƴ򶼱ˡⲢֹԵɡֻһ£Ҫԣڣʱ򣡡
ѾóӰʯʼӰʯһݡһȻһӢηԵʿųīĻ֮ȫڨڨģӰʯָ˻ȥ
īĲҲһһֱҪõϢ
ⳡսȻᱯĻǾԻһ൱Ḷ́
һһϦͻģ
ǰ
ܶʱȫعովⳡս˵ȡʤˣô
Щħȷǿ󣬸˾޴ΣյĽȴЦ
ôսޱȵļ࣬Ȼо޴ħûôħͲ֪ηôֻһΣһΣħͬҲֻһΣ
Ҷƽȵģ
ȻˣΪʲôҪ˱ۣкܶ˵ԺУʱͷ
վڳīԣЩĿһ۳īаͷҲûʲôѪڵĴ˵ıȽϱۡȴ漣һŤת˼ԭֱ۵̬
ˮͬҲһ۳ī¶һ˿Цݣû˵
ʱ򣬾еڹͨ棬Ȼڽϵ⾮ʽĳħ顣
Ȼǵһڶħʧúħ߲ʧȥ̽ˡʼģɱ
ΪֹģȫЩħľӣĴȻһûг֡
ʱˮȻ˵ƺеˡ
īƫͷǱߵҲˮ
ˮ˵ħĸ߲㣬Ȼڻɣ
īһͷˣ
˵ţһԵȺˣȫˣҲȫվ׻ƴн߲ǲˡ
˭ȥһսīһ䡣
ң
ȥ
ң
ң
˲䣬˵˷
Щվ׻ƴн߲ˣʼգûһֱֵģҲֻһ干
Щ˵Уܶ඼īľ콾Ϊսѣһ𲢼սû
īǺһЦãǾ͹ȥһ£˵ţֱһһ̣ǧ֮⡣
̫ˣ˫ɷһпȻЦһֱôŬΪʲô࣬ȴоԽԽˣ
½ѩһЦαŸŵ𣡡
˵ţһʧգīȥ
˫գգۣȻ¶һ˿εĿЦšɣ˵ţΣҲʧС
ˮ໥һۣȻ΢΢һЦͬЯ֣ųī׷ȥ
ЩˣҲȫûԥˣһųīѪħǺӵķ˹ȥ
Ⱥ˵ֻ٣ӵеȴ׻ƴĶ
嫵ǺУȺĶʿƳ죬𵴵ն֮
ЩѪħǺĴոжӼħŵУΪħ飬һ̣ȫ̧ͷԶ޾ա
壡
࣡
Ǻǿ
ЩϢ˲ħȺдݿħ齻ͷӶ
ྲ
ʱڹͨУ߳һħս䣬ͳĺ˲ħ͡Ȼħսһ˫ǺиٷȺˣ¶һĨŨŨĲи
һΪжǿȻȷԭֻһȺ׼ʿ͵Ϯ޳ܵķʽŽһʤġȻʼʩ̫ˣ
ħս߶űֹϻɬħԣоǲмһ˵ĳ֮ɫΪҵǰȷʧԭڣȴ֪ʵǳīҪ֪ģ
𾳽ҪĨȥһۼǳһʱҪҳҲܡ˵ħսȻѾǿ󣬵ȴ
ڳīУħսħоһˣ
ΪĻħ˲죬Ϊϵǹǿĳࡣ
һȽ޵ˣҲ˵ħսòÿ
˶üĿɢһɫսףվԨsţһȺɫħм䣬ʵ̫ˣ
ڳīԣСһɴССֹԼôɧһһǮħȥˣҴˣϡ϶
īһ
ٺЦʱһһ룡
ڹͨУһȺŮŮ߳ǡԣǣѾ֣ȺˡǴǸط߳ΪȺ˻ħ壡
еӢٷ磻ŮĶཿɫǡ
һһ֪
ŲͥĴڹͨ߳ӣȫҪսｼ̤ģ
ʱ򣬳īȺҲѾѪħǺӵ򡣸ոմڹͨ߳ȺˣÿīЩˡ
˫ϣ޼ħ߳ŮҲǶٸ
ͬϢ˲Ⱥ˵Ŀײһ𡣱˴Уȼ˷ս⣡
Ȼ󡭡ʱ򣬳īˡ
Ŀ֮꣬ǰɫս׵ս


1358 ħӰӥ
īٶֱӾȺոմڹͨ߳ħŮǶû뵽£ߣȻ˸
࣬Ϊǰ㣿
˰ɣ
ôս𣿡
ǺǣĿħս˼ˡ
Ȼħսȥˣǻô
ǸͬҲ׼ľ磬һΪħս
Ⱥħ콾۷׷ףīУŲεĳŪ֮ɫǵĳŪҲֻǳôһСһ̣Ⱥ߰ħ콾ǣһȫ˵һ㡣
Ϊīһ̫׺ˣ
ȺħŮħսľ벢ԶǶԳīһֱ۵ĸܡ·ǵһ
ͣ

죡
޵У
ɫս׵ħս˼𾪿־УīһͰ롣
ħսԪ񣬶īһֱӸĥˣ
īԼԦԭԵԶͬЩʿôսѾﵽһֽӽľ硣ԣĳīٶϵѪħ棬ͬһͿ԰Ѫħˣ
ز֣ǸӡԼҰĵ𡭡һҲܰˣ
ԣħսħŲ͵ĵλ콾еһٮٮߣܸ߰԰ͬˡڳīǰȴ԰״úܿ
ֱһ
īһ֮ħսıֳȻһͷ޴ƥĺɫħ
УֱǳҪܶ౶
ī䣬ֽͷ޴ޱȵħʬջصȻ󣬲ȺħŮޱȵע£ʩʩȻ˻صյСȻһָ˭Ҹһս
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Ⱥħϣʱ¶ŭ֮ɫЩħӣϵķŭ֮ɫء
׻ƴ򣬿ɲΪ˱˳ЦģΪ˱ѹģЦ˵ģѹ˵ģ
һȥʮħӣһֱӷգȵС֪Ķѹ㣡
˵ţħӵһȻ˲ʧյСٶȾī΢΢һ
һ̣ΣȻ˳īͷݺһţųīԴ̤˹
⶯ζֻţ˲仯һֱӥצ
֪ӥԣӸµָ壬̺ٶȺ൱ֲֲġȴֻޱȵצӣ
һץһǳҲֱܱץɳ
īһɫȵһֻë˭ֵӣ
˵䣬īΣѾʧԭأֻ¡¡Ĵ֮
ħ껯ӥצһ˲ˡնץһ޴ĿͷȻһһɲԤУ˲ӿͷ
ٶ治Ǹǵģÿһٶһ㡣Ѹޱȣ
ֻ˵ٶȱ졣
һֻţӸ£һոħ깥īľٶһӡ裬ǳһϢ
ħʧɫ
ʱͿռķϣ
ûã
īʱͿռƿأԶħܱȵġ
һ̣վڹͨԵȺ߰ħŮϣȫɫһ׳˶Ĵͳ˵ħӰӥҪ㡭
Ļ䣬Ǳ߳īһţѾݺݵ̤ħͷϡ
˶̲סݺݳ鴤һǣĵһţʵ̫ˣǾȻȫһָͬܵĸоûиܵ裬ֻо־壡
һ֡ܵвĿ־塣
꣡
Ĺͷ
ħԴīһӲֱӸ̤飡
Ԫ˳һͷ޴ƥӥԪޱӴյĸѹƬ񷡣¶ޱȷŭ˻ųī
īâ䣬̧־һ
ˢ
ֱ߱ӱһѤĿĹԡ
пƬգҲпֻӥԪ񡣵ӥԪ޾壬˲һ
ӵͨƵԼԪ˸Ҹīа塣īնһֻ֮ħӰӥʱеãԪе޾ȻԷһĥ֮һ
ոյħսƺ˻ûξˡΪʲô
ʿеĵһѾ
ħӰӥתߣɲħӰһħ嶼ӵżߵĵλһӵͨħƴŬһݺ͵λԴǲȱ
ֻǸ߹ԼٶȣҲ͹˳īľģԪ񣬳ڹͨȺħŮȥһ˲䣬īٴγ֡
һ
һûĥħӰӥ֮һǰʣ֮һն
ħӰӥԪȻƬ嫿յѪħǺը޾ľؼ䡣
īʱޱٴνħӰӥʬ壬Ҳ˻ӽ˲ȥ
һֻӥһֻ򣬻ԡīޱȱ䣬ע·ȺħŮٳһͷţʲôġþûгţˣ
ӣ
Ǻεӣ
ڹͨԵȺħŮһɫһƬ࣬ŭųīһΡȴûٶԳīˣ
ΪЩˣȫīסˣ
ȺħĹǣȫ콾ǲ෴ħ֪Уսʵһޱҫ顣Ϊħˣ
ڣǲȥ
ֱ̫꣬ˣ
ħսħӰӥħһȻ֣Ҳ˭һͰǸ˵ġ
һʬΣ
Ҫŵ⣬Ͼˣһֱ˺飡
˺飡
ɣ
īһڹͨһ޷ĴϢͨһ򿪣Ͳ־ӰˡԦ۷徳ҲС
ʥˣֻƻͨͨ
ЩźҪܳƻͨĻͿ԰ȺħȫߣԼǺúˣ
īһЦʲôټ٣ең
˵ţһͬĿɿڴˣˣȻȥӥ⣬
Ưϣдż𾪺Ͳ˼顣ֱЩţһսȻ׵ľͽˡȺħŮȥƲ磬ǿưԵĳīȻûһ˸վīԡ
˵ϣҲȫдŴһ¡֣Ǹųī治ֵġѪȣսӿֻīħǿߡħţЩݵλһħŮȻûһٸվīսġ
ħ塭ƺҲûô£
ͷȺ׻ƴĶ콾ӿһʰ


1359 
īһȺˣʩʩȻĴѪħǺ뿪ǱħŭǵһͱʿĴֱġؼȺֵħŮһ֮󣬾Ȼûȥƴֱ̫ˣûеõЩħŵʿ̲סˡ
ȺħŮɫҲ൱ѿ緢־Ҫ׻ƴҪ̤硣û뵽һͱ˺ݺݳһơ
ÿħŮ϶ֻĸо
ָоĺܲ
īȺ˳ѪħǺ֮꿴һ۳īī΢΢üȻҡҡͷ
ǷʱԷʼվãԷӦûûг
ħţӦûħԭܼ򵥣Ϊǵ̫ˣ
ȻԶԡ˳ī֮⣬ߣܹɱʿҲûмڳīħţٵһ𾳽ħ顣
ȻĻīܾе˵ȥħû׻ƴѣҲûбӡ硣ôһûУ
ոȺħŮǿе䣬ӦһħˡȻĻȺħҲǸ֡˾η
īѪħǺӵıԵشֱӽûԴħӰӥͱħսʬӳӴһ޴Ĵ½Ưաʱ˵ľ
Ȼ󣬼ʿȫѪͷĸоһĶŲ
֮
֮
֮
Ƭգϣ޾ļ֮ɫ
ֺȫǷĵģ鲻Խڵġ
ѪħǺ롣
ڹͨԣȺħŮǿžеľһǿ
࡭ֱˡ
ʬΣ
ʬζҪɱ
־Ѿ֮ôǺǡ˼֮ԭ𾳽綼׻ƴ򣬾һζ֭СڹͨУ߳һƤ𪣬ͷСӵŮӡһԼ촽һһм˵
Ůӳĺһ˫ĵд޾ɱķǳ֫ϸ·ҡҷˡ൱ǿһɫ磬ͷСڼϡϡÿֻ棬ĸɫĴϸȥÿһ棬ȫԿŸӵģ
Щȫķ
ңǶķ
ŮӴڹͨ߳žӳֳѪħǺӱԵĵУһĨɱ
䣡
ˣ
ˣ
䣬ҪǳǸɱħսħӰӥ
һȺħŮŮӳ֣ʱȫ
źɫŮӣΪ䣬ħһУӵŲƥе
ΪħУһڣ
һĴܣ
ħһĹͬżߵĿ
ˣͷҶˣģһǱģħ⣬ԾܳԵô
Щɳƣɫ䣺ȥץҲһʢ磡
䣡
޵У
ħ䣡
Ⱥħ嶥Ļ֮ȫ궯
ȻһѪħǺӵıԵŪȾɺָףʹһеīڵķ
īʱҲͨ濴ħǱߵǸħ𣬳īü䣬ȼһǿҵս⡣

ȻǸ
ûϣħ𾳽飬ʵ涼׵ĺܡħ岻û
īվգʿ˵ҳԶٷԿӥ⣡һӦҲȺ˳һٵˣ
Ȼȫͨ濴ǸĺɫŮӣ˳īĻɵùЦ
һܳԵˣħͣǳǱһ
볢ħζˣƺܺóԣ
ȺУЦΪ꣬īֵɣеʿȻԭܽţ˿Ҳ鲻Խķ
īֱӼ¯ǻ¯ѸٱĿɿڴע£ȻӲĽǱħսʬ˽ȥȻ󣬳īһָˮ
ƬУ֮ˮ˲γһҹӣ¯㵹ȥ
īó˴ļƷҩģ¯ȥȻ̾ϢеôҩǿɵúúƷţ
֮һƷģ
ģǻεأ
īֱʣʵ̫󣬸ֵĴҩͶ뵽¯С
һҹӣĴ󽭣¯ע롣
һѣȻŪ˴ĶҲ湻׵ˡ٣һĻвμӽһսĿУγ˲ĥĻ档۹ٸһȻѡ
һĻʿУȻǴʿֱޱģħЩУȴǿֱӷŭĻ棡
ǵеٮٮߣħսħӰӥֱնɱҪΪʳǸе޷̡һֱǶǰ൱ʳģ
źɫŮ䣬һĻҲüѾҪߵѪħǺӵıԵشɳƵзôóԵĶһΣ
˵ţһ֣ȻֱץǾ޴ƥĻ¯
ˣ
¯Ȼ䱬һɺ嫵ĻϢγһֻ֣ݺݳ˹ȥ
ǧﳤУ˸ɫĴģһ־޴ѹ
¶һ˿ȣ벻ǿᣬȻܹжչ
Σ漲ˡ
ž
֮ɵݺݵĳƬյСֱӽƬճ̮
һȻûг鵽䣬ϢҲɫһ󷢰סؼһһ׾ٵĸˣ
ھУʵûʲôˡڴʿħȴ䱻һһдˣ
ħŵǱߣȻһƬĬЩħŮҲȫɫ׵ĳĬ
ʿߣ˲䱬Ļ
ħŮҪǵˣ
ǣħŮˣϽħȥɣ
ԣȥ
ϣ¶ŭı飬죬Ȼī˵֮ɸһս
īǺһЦûһûԷأǳӥ⣬Ұɡڣ̫ȱʳ
ĺȻ䷢һŭıŭˣ̧־ī
𣬺ŭһ
ؽԾ


1360 
ƬնڷӿһǬҪ߸ĸоռ飬ʱֻ̡ʣصһ
ī澳֮зĴ֮ȫĹ϶ĳһȻĴġ澳֮ǿһ̶֮ķ֮
ī󲽳ֱӳ
ĺŭһûȴûܣͬһͷʨŶǿ׳ֱ̧һȭݺݺһ
¡¡
ѪħǺӱԵֱӱ򱬣
˫һɢȥĲԿõʿ˲䱻ĥȻ׼Ҳüͷȥ档
īϵѪʵֲ̫ˣѪ죡
Ƭա
Ҳޱǿħħܡŭһ̺ǻ𼶱ġ
һסˣ
һ֮ǰȫ벻Ķָסˡ
䣬ܵסһĴȻеġĿУǰλ
ֱǹɷڵĸо䶼־ŭ
㾹ȻܵסҵһٿīĿⶼЩˣǰʿΪ֮꣬Բľ磬Ȼסһ
ֻ̤𾳽ĴڲŻף׼۷֮Ĳж͵ĶԾȫû취Ტ۵սǿڵǰҲҪʰ·硣
ǰ꣬ô£ΪʲôĹУȻһֵͬĸо
īѪڣսӿݺһȭٴγ˹ȥ
ʱЩħŮҲȫߡѾͨ濴ⳡսҪֳԹۿ
Ϊһսʵ̫ѵˡǸʿȻܸƽֱ֣̫˼顣
üһһ˦ͷֻϴŵֻ߰ײһ𣬷Ĵ죬һĿųī࣬ҪƳɿܣСĵ㣬ҵĿŪˡ
ī䣬˵ûȱһɨصѾͷȻ㿴ȥе˵㣬̫񣬲Ҳ̫ޡ
أ
˫һٴζԺ䵽һ
īǣһ˿ѪϵѪȴ˸ӿ
һϽɫѪҪȵǿܶ౶ΪǸ׵һξѪ˫Ѫͨںһûκų⡣ԣīѪǿս
ǣͬҲһ˿Ѫ
ϵѪͬҲ൱ǿѪ졣Ͽʼȼһڵħ棬ԵһĽɫȥ൱죬Ҳ൱ֲ
ֽȴȺħŮûϵġһ׼۷꣬Ȼܽˣֱ̫ˣ
ͬûϵģгīȺ콾ԼԶеʿ
ǵȻѾԸԿ·ˣ
ˣȫĿתĿ˫֮ս
̽ԵĶԺ˼֮˫ȫ˶Էսǡ֮սٶȣ˲ӿ죡
ʱӰ֯嫵ǿݺᡣһʼս˫ܹǿӰڷȥ˺¡޾ֶ׼ʿЩˡ
ǵУҲȫ¶Ȼ֮ɫʼ˫ۣԪȥƬеս켣
Ϊ۾Ѿȫˣ
ħЩĹŮҲˣǼ׼𾳽Ĵڣڴ˿̣ȴȫܸ˵ս˼·
Ƕ䣬Ƕúʲô˼ΪǿѾõǵϿɡǣһīһ׼𾳽ʿȻҲǿܹ֮Ժ·硣ǸоһɺǿĴܸС
෴ʿߣȴǱܵü˵ܶϱʿȫΪǺ졣ǸЩһޣī
һսֱ̫ʿˣ
ؼǣУǿֲƥľ޴¯Ĳ֮¯е֮ˮѾڣŵ⣬ѾʼɢŨŨ
̫ˣ
˶鲻ԽĭҲȺħŮ
Ϊ¯ģǵеһԱ
ħһŲСħսȻ˸ˣҪȣ
ī֮սʱҲѾ뵽˰Ȼ˫Ľ񶷣κζԷȻڶԷ´Сһ˿ڣƾ񶷣ĸԷĴ
˫ʼͨĶԺ䣡
󣬳һֲħࡣ
ħͷۣÿһֻ棬һǿķ

ųīֱչ񹥡
īֳ߱죬ķУʩչ嫵Ĳ񷵱УͬȼѤ̻޷
ͨīͬ䣡
嵱У̨ȫڷתСƬ̺ŵЩֲֿ䶼Ϊ𾪡
֪Уʿ嵱ֻһ̨ǿҲ˥ߵʱ򡣵ħ岻ͬħ屾ͱǿҲ־á˵ֵ𾳽ǿߡǴﵽһ۷״̬
ԣĸīԺͨҪóīľľʱͿֱӽīնɱ
Ҫпһս鿴䡭ǿĴڣ
ǧ㣬ζû㵽ǰλһ̥嵱Уǧ̨ÿһ̨У̺ĺ
Ȼһûжǿ󣬵ܲסడֱ̫ˣ
ˣһֱ䶼о˼ȵƣīȻһ㡣ȥûκƣ
㲻ˣɳ˵һ䣬Ȼתߡ
õӲǱһ׼۷Ķ֣ƵתˣûһսԷƵ뿪ս
еħ飬ȫĬˡ
ߵʿҲĬһ¡ΪҸ̫ͻȻˡǸû뵽Ȼһֽ
ǵȻħһ
䣡
ˣһ˲̲ס糱춯ء
ΣѪħǺӵĴٷߡûȥЩħŮ
޾УŨīһЦһЩվѪħǺӱԵħŮ˵ӥ⣬ƺȱ˵ʲôе塭ιǵûֲϵ飿
䣡
һȺħŮ˲ɢѪħǺӵߡ
īƲƲ죬ȻתվǴõУģ̇һָұۣȻһʳָ
ˣ
ʿ˲ŭ׷׾ԼֱۣȻһָ
޵У
˾죬׻ƴķӡٴηһ˿Ĳ
һ˲䣬īܹĸоһɳɵһšЩź̧ͷһͷ񷣬˵һ죬Ҫͱƣ
󣬳īֵܽǣ˵ţĵ˵һ䣺֪ҵĿζûзŵϣԼŰɣ
ˣһЦ
ţīһ֣¯˲бһӵħսƵкУһӣ


1361 սչ
ȻħսǱͬһ½Ҳ㵹
ī˵׼⣬ʳãԶˡŻġаһӥأ˵ţ𣬿ʼ˿ͬһ½ħӰӥ
һɿʱƬաͬһǺӼʢ硣
һʱ䣬ʿߣ졣
ѪħǺӵɫֻ̧ȥ˾棬ٿǱڷ顣
ȺħŮҲصѪħǺĴգѾѹֵ˼¡Ƶħ鼸
еħ壬ȫ䡣
俪˵Ҫʱʧʲôս˭ֵܼ˭ʤߡǻдħǻкܶλͨڲϵƹУЩǿħҪͨȶ֮󣬲ܹڣʱ⼸ˡյʤؽħģ

ħ飬йƵķһ
Ѿô˵ˣЩħԼҲ֪ħǿ߻ûйʹȻǲʹ졣ԭЩħ忴һ߳ͨͨͽ£ѹ׻ƴ
òŵȺǿ֣߳սѾˣ
û壬ǲһģޱȴġ
ǲԼǳһֱʿųеļͺûôױܡǸΪ֮ӣʵ̫ǿˡ䶼κá
īˣһ߷ʳһ߹עѪħǺǱߵĶ
¶Ժܶϵǳ˽⣬ѪħǺǱߵĶﲢûкܶ˷ܺɣųī˵ܻͨܿȹ̣ǿħ壬ûа취ͨ߳ϧûа취ȥͨƻ
̵ΪƮŮ۵ͽܣЩ飬Ҳ֪ܶࡣͷ˵ͨȹ̵ʱǿħûа취ͨǸ䣬ӦҲڷЩħΣ֮󣬲Ŷ˺ܶرǿġǿЩħͱҪȵͨȶ֮󣬲ܹˡ
ī£Ҳ֪ͨ漰ϵķ뵽УԶҲ޷档ΪַҪ̫ܵʥ֮£ûܳе
ԣȻǳīүүҲͬûа취
һֱڣڵħ飬ûзֳīӡѪħǺе
һ̫£ħԭͲó֮ǰǿ϶ɵġڣֻɣӦüҪʧˡΪһֱڣûκεĶЩħ忴зӦ̲סˡȵڣ
ʿߣ񻶻ڼ˷ʳֻħս׼𾳽̺ľ̫ˡÿ˶Եû˸â
Ȼſӥ⣡
ӣ֮ǰζġ
ʢһֱҹ
ߣ˵̬֮ǰ˾޴ı仯ħⶼԵˣʲôµģ
սѪЩ֮ǰѾ¡ھ˴ģս֮ǸڣǶ̹ȻЦ̸սֱ
٣ڳħ⣡
⣬͹ˣ
֮ǰҲǳԹħˣ¸
죬ѪħǺǱߣһ㶯ħľţʼѪħǺӵıԵشǰǵˣħħ䡣
īߵ໥һۣȻ󵭵˵ħǱߣжˡ
µͷӦͨȹˡ
̵˵ڸЩħĴ峡ء
޾һĮʱȥЩ
Ⱥħ콾ǣͬҲڶ鵱Сǵϣȫɢž˵ɱ⼸ʱ䣬Ⱥħ壬Ҳѹ֡Ҫսˡħ飬ȫĦȭƣȥԾԾԡ
ʿߣָߣʼĶԱ
·֮޾վʮʱ䣬㹻ߵʿʶ˽
޾˵ǿһʵħϷǳħ⣬ħ
УʿһЦЦУɡ
ó𣿡޾ʵ
óԣʿĺȡ
ú𣿡޾ʡ
úȣĺڼ
ӡ׻ƴķϵ
īͺ¡̡޾ȵһ׼۷ʿȫСǳīӦĶࡣ΢΢˫ۣȥǿġɴķ
޾ǲǶûԹ
ǣ죡
Ƿӡ׻ƴķϣǿҡ
޾Ǿ׼̵ģЩħȫɷǵ⣡ǵҪռǵļ԰ҪɱǵˣҪΪʳǵ³

ʿѪȫڣһ춯ص
ǣ
īԵĸоӡ׻ƴķУһƣ
ˮһϸϸһȻ΢Сȴǲģ
һۻĴϢֱӸī֮һ˿īе棬Ҳһ졣
ϡȻҲһѺۣ
ȻֻмΪ΢СһѺۣīĺôȴǾ޴ġīܹĸӦǹϢԼӿȫĵ̨УǱעһɺһ㡣˲øӳӯ
ָоһԭѾ˵ĳӣͻȻ䣬ȻˮҲһӶ˺ܶࡣ
ֱ仯ı仯ʵı仯
īʼǳݻ
ķ
ıѾˣ
ԭҪһʱܼԦĶ׾ٵٴμԦʱϣҲҪȹȥܶ࣡
һ̣ī֪ɵһ̡ѾԽԽˣ
ôɱ޾Ҳ˵̸ƭҲ㲻áΪܴǵôģ׻ƴߣ
ɱٵߣŭ
ǵӡžһ¡ֳһѺۡ
⣬ǵ겼·ӡǸڣȫûݵġǧǱһʧȻָ߸ϵĴڣ¹ؼʱҲݲ
һηӡѺۣǳīº޾Щ׼Ҳȫоı仯
޾ɴʿţħľֱɱȥ
ҪⳡսսϵĿֲɱȥ׻ƴķӡ
ħľţҲɱ˫棬ۺ죬ҪκζԱֱӺݺݶײһ
Щħ콾ǣͬ콾Ǹס
ս˲չ
īȻǶס䡣˫ѪħǺӵıԵش׺ݵɱһ
һΣҶûиԷ·Ҫһս


1362 ҵս
ҪһѩǰܣҪȺٵħǰԼԣһΣһīչ׺ݵĹһΣı˲Ժʹ򷨡ýսͨǿʼǿƥʶīľʶҪ𾳽ľʶӲīľʶѹ
򵥵ıȷһƬ󺣣ҪͬһһٴҲֻǺǺӿޱ߼ʵĺˮֻܱ࣬ͬ
Ƶĺܺã˵ڼǰǳսеĻǳī˵ĻһСĿϾīľ粻ʵҲʲôرĿΪīľʶһֱǳԽģ
ȻûдﵽĲΣľʶҲû٣
ǼǰĳīڵĳīҪȼǰֲöࡣѿ϶֮ľһͻƵһĳ̶ȣ
ԣոԼľʶųīľʶѹʱ򣬻ûʲôһΣ϶ܸīһصĴ
ȴû뵽ʶͬţ뺣˲ûӰȻīһڶ
УһѹӵĽīһĿֲȴţԼܹס
޵еκһ콾СֱĶһ̡
꣡
ѽӦϣ
һ
īһˣ
Ȼ󣬳īһȻԴ
䷢һ˲һӰǧ
ĶͷϣȻһ˿ڣֱ˵˹ͷѪ˳˿ʳīһ̺ŵĴڷƻ˿ڴ
һŭĹâģһ˿˿ġ־壡
ǵģУڲɶƵ˿־塣
Ϊ֣̫ܸܵ첻ǰϷı仯żûϣȻʼһ˿еϢ
ôܣ
ȫţһƬĲ£ûܹɵ
ǰˣȻڲϵͻƣҼѾһˣ
ֻĸоţǰ˵ŵʲôز̶ֳȡ
ˣħ壬һĵһͷʮа˾Ҫ䵽ͷϣ϶ʲô¶һĿųīġʼȼս
ҡ䣬ˣҲ츳õһ֮⣬е顭Ҫҵǰ
һ֣ץһĳָīܺãѾɹļҵŭ𡭡
һǰѽīۣϢǰѽܲе߱Ҳ궯ǰѽ
ī̲ס˸ۣ˵֪仰ҴӼʱ˽磬һֱ硢ɽ硢Ȼ硣֪жô𣿿Ҳˬѽ򲻹˵ƨ
ȥұ޵ϣһĨķŭӶĳն˳ī
ѽȻ൱ֻӶ֮£дƬձնĳ̶ȣľ·춼ֱնһ㡣
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˵ļӲ̶ȣīĴû¹˭ء

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ħûкڶ飬ûиԱ顣ԣħߣһʧȥսֻһ֡
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ȷǹΪץǸħ콾֮󣬵һ£Ƿ˼ҵĴռ䷨
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ӶͷƳɵĳޣֱӽһħԴ顣һֻ֣ī꽣һҪӱ͵Ϯˮħ콾ֱն䡣
ˮͷһ꣬࣬¶һмЦݡ껹һЦݣȻԷ
ʵϣ̱Ⱥ˵ϣȫˡļ粿ȾѪˮһϣҲһ˿ڡѪȾȹûһ˺ۣüͷûһ¡
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СѾϣħһ콾һ˿ڣǵˣϡȴӶǰһħ콾ͷ­ȻŶԷʬһĭݣ棡
ƬƬƬĵ䣬Ѫȴ׺ޱȣȼҵĻ棬ɱУ
½ѩͻ˫ŵ콾ҲɱۣǼһս
ˮͬƴʱһӰߣǾ겻˫˫Ѿ˫˫ȫһҪĴ򷨣ҪˮΪ۾Ѿˡ
˫˫ɫ䣬Ҳ˵л׷ˮȴˮӿ
ڣһǿħ콾һƻ˫˫ؿڣ˫˫ڿѪˮţݺһնħ콾ֱϡ
ϣֱ۵䡣ˮ̲סˣ㲻ս
˫˫˿ˮȻһЦӣҺصǰ
Աϣ㡣


1363 ¾
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ħ콾ֱӴ飬ҲܵԷһؿڶ򴩣ˡȴܲˣԷԪɱȻ󣬽Ųĵģ˫˫ʬ屧ڻ̲סʹ
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ë嫺ЦͶˣ˭˭
ߣۼ桢ܲٵˣȺŮӣսУֳ͵սҲֳǿǿħ콾ûκ
ơ̡骡ͻһγһСӣڷɱСǵĶ֣ͬǼһħ콾
һѩƋOʫƽƼ˶ڣ
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ЩĬȫЩ굱һγɵġ
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ûսʱħԶ͵һīҲʦӰӡһսչħԶǳǰһ
⼸׻ƴӡɶȫ˲ˡħһ磬Ҳ̤׼۷塣ɽǴʬɽѪˣսľīȲϣ
ħ˫仰˵˵ѡģ
սϣħѡĶ֣ԶǴҹϵһ
ʦƷ߽࣬˫н繫ϵ飡
ƽȻǰŰƵĴ󵶣ħ콾Ѿ뵽׼еھϣһֱһսϣȴԶû˸С
ħȺǣʱͻȻ֣ǵѾܸ߹ЩʿˡʵϣǻСǵĶ֣
һȺħ峤˵ӲӲͻص˻һȺֲӲͷҪӲͷѪĴ۸Ͳܣ
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·߳ȺʿͬޱȣҲѾʿںһ𡣱˴˿ȥûκε
ΪǶ׻ƴŹͬ棡
ѪħǺӵıԵǹɱɷƬնȣѪȾƬ񷣡
Ưŵʬģħģǲ֫ϱۣƯյѪҺеγѪӣеγѪȥޱȡ
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ʱѪħǺӵڹͨУֱӱһɾ˵Ϣ
ϢոɢѪħǺӣƶѪħǺٵĿǳȫƫԭĹ˷ȥ

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ݺһȭɵĳīĿһĻȻһ
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һ˫˸ޱ˷ܵĹâɫ죬ųīǿ࣬ϼħ壬Ϊ顭
ʡʡɡī䣬ԥնͷ­ɱزʱһûκεԥҲûκε
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Ƕû뵽ߣȻܹɱ
һħųīߣֱӳ֡ҪԤī׻ɱ䣡
ħľޱȸ޾ңԶգȴǰһ㣬һֻ֣ܿѹ˳īͷ
ಣ
һ֧ڳīնͷ­һ˲䣬Ѿһֱ̣Ӷͷ­֮ϡ
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飡
ͷ­ֱըˣ
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˾ͼͼ
˾ͼͼһֱףɱī
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Ϊ˾ͼͼĵڶ֧Ѿ䵽ˣ
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ī䣬ѪħǺӵķ򣬺ԥֱ˷
䣡
ѪħǺӣ˲䱻貶ĿĹû
ŭ𣬴ﴫ
⣬ҪǿһϷī䣬תȺ˲סħ콾ɱȥҪҼ԰ɱˣɱǣ


1364 ħ
ѪħǺУŭ죬ʮħǱⷨ׼ŭˣ
Ϊⷨǲûз֣ҾȻĥǵؼǣ˳īǾ仰
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ǣЩ뵱Ȼˡǵȷǿƥǵľ磬ѹ׻ƴ򡣵īµȴǷԽײУԽǿΪҪԴǣ
飡
īһȭһħ콾ͷ­ԪһȻһֱֻ֣ץһħ콾ļ棬ħ콾ļӲ˳
ħ콾ҺţԳ壬Ȼһͷ޴ޱȵԳˡǱֱʧȥжš˻ţһȺ׻ƴߵʿ˺ˣ
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֮ǰԤϡҲħӶʧйأȺħĴڣסˣȲĹܺͨͨѸȶȻϹҪߵ׷ʲô
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׼ʥ
ħһһĺˣɣ
׼ʥԳ棬ֲ¡ֱγһ䣬ī
ī澳֮壬һӾҪ߽ƣס
ˮһҪ˹
īе߱¯Ӵľ죬貵Ĺԡ
ǲʣҪԼˣ
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һΣԳˣ
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һָ߸
һָʱ䡣
һָ


1365 ׼ʥָ
Ƭռ䣬һ̣׽סˣ
һ׼ʥĴֱӳ֣Ƿ࣬ҲǷǷǱ
ħָɽųīѹ
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ǵɫâµӰվ·ģڹⱳûܿüűϣħһ˫ӣǴĺɫ棬·ʲôûУ
ᣬޱ޼ʣ޵סеĺڶƵģ·
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ǱѾӦīɵħ˿ɶԼŵǸˡΪԷеĻ壡Ǹ˱վŵλĻߣ
ֳŵʲôмֵ
׻ƴħĿУһıءħУЩϣ
Ϊ꣬ıܽǸ꣬ϾҪˡ׻ƴûܹ
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ʮħħȫţħţѪħǺӵıԵشɱ
Ҫۻ
ҪɱȺ࣡
ֱվǰ棬īīĵ˲תʱڻߣ
壡īижҵķڣϵ
۱һЦ㻹û𣿴ħɱģȺĹûسŵѾ֪ĴڣһҪ㡣ϵķӡҲµģʱǻϣ𣿡
壬ҲáīЩ䡣
۹һЦǳһĶɣĸã˵ţһָȺɱħ𣺡ħǣɣöүɱʹ죡


1366 Ĵħ
ŮӸСеĴħԽԽǸоľĸоӰ翵Ůӣ̲סʵʲôˣ׻ƴҲǿߣ
ټ֡Ůӱ
Ҹԩ޳ΪʲôҪңħʵ
ʵϣħѾЩҪˡŮ˭Լһߵġһγֻ֣һֻ֣סָ֮ҪīŮ˾ðˡԣħ֪Ҫīɱһɵ
⣬ϢŮӵУżֵĲмٺôʥô֪֪һ£ˣ˵Ļкܶࡣ
㵽˭ħֵסŮǿƵһһĿŮӡ
ϵĹâȥ¶ݡ䣬ħĿˣûмƵĸףλħСޣû׵ʵò
ڴ˿̣ħ֮£Ůǿ¶Լıòʵ̫ˡУԭ²ŮԪƮŮۡ
ڿŮӣƮŮۣ
ΪȻƮŮۻţҲΪ˰ʥҲ֪ô顣
ħ¶ݣСˣȻ޷òĵ̫ˣУħֻһŹ⡣
һźɫĹ⡣
ʱŮҲ¶ԼıĿһŹӰ㣬ȥɫǣȴһֶصʡû˻һǿߡ
ħüͷѱ䣬ҲûҵŮӵκϢͣ¶ŮӵĹʵˣ
Ů䣬ͬҲֹͣ˶ԴħĽŴħˣҪҪǣ⣬㱻˸ƭˡ
ʲô֤ݣħʡ
⻹Ҫ֤ݣѵ㲻֪ˣһйԼŮЩЦĿŴħԼǳһĴүȻ䡣Ҳ¶ʵ硣뵽׻ƴеκ
Ůϣ¶һĨЦݣһĴүΪԼĺӣӦǱߣѾΣɱī˵λǸΪĻôһΡҲǵζԳīѹĺ˵ǸΪˡԣ⣬ŲţһĴүϾͻңҿɲһûô˵ٲߣɱ㡣
ɱңħ¶֮ɫǰ˭һţ
㲻ǰ裬ҵĴүͬҲǡŮӵ˵ţˣ
һӰңԶǺӣȹâٶȿܶ౶˲ӹûֱͣӳʮħ𾳽ħûκεֱͣӳˡ
һ֣ʱʯ쾪
񷡣
һħ׵壬Ӱϣһ塣
һ߽
Ȼˣֱһ飡
嫵ֱƬձȴӰһɨȫץСһ𾳽ȫĵУȻץУȻ󣬳һħȥ
¡¡
һ춯صľ죬񷶼ڲ
Ǹ𾳽ħͬǿԪҪߡӰһ顣
˲Ϣ䣬𾳽ħ飬ɱ
ħ˶Ҫˣһŭ˲С磬ǵӰ
ʱǵӰѾŵ𾳽ħˡ
ס֣
ħһֱӹ˹ȥ
赭дһħ𾳽ħɱȻŻعͷħԺһǡ
Ӱȫ˼
īһۿǸˣԼĸף
ϵȺе骷һϲĺ
ۿǵӰһĨľӨȻԵĳī£Ƕڣ
ī˿̵ޱȼһ죬Ѿ̫ˣ
Σӡ׻ƴΣҵĽ֣޷һ
η˭вң
Ҳϳ˵ݣȵôˣ
ˮЩĽĿһ꣬ʵǰ
ͷ
ˮϣ¶Ľ֮ɫ벻һĴүȻѾ־磬˸е𾪡
ʱ򣬴ħŭ𣺡ǳ㾹Ȼҳҳ֣ǳһǲǶ
ȻǸϾƹģĿһ۴ħ˵ǰɱѽ
˵ţʣʮ𾳽ħٴγˣ
ңħŭһųҪ𹥻־Ĵڣÿһޱȿֲܳܵġ
ħĹȴŮӸˡ
һȻʮ塣⣬ΪͶ򣬾ͿԴӴ˺¡Ůӱͬһݺݴڴħϡ
Ůӵʵ̫ǿˣǿôħеļ¡û취ԮЩĸ¡
ĹֶΣʵ̫׺ˣȺħĸ߽ǰûжٷȻǼħڳĿֲ֮£Ȼûκλᡣ
ϣҲ˼˿ڣЩ˿ڣ˽Ƕ㲻ϡľ磬ֻҪתһɳ׻ָ
ƬѪħǺӶҪ״ˣڲڱ
ȺոմڹͨгħţҲ˴ùֱӱĹƬƬ䡣
ħʱѾױˣӡһԪ׻ƴУȻ׼ʥʿô
Ϊһ죬Ѿ׼̫꣬Ҳ׻ƴ˸ͨ͸׻ƴʿҪ˽⡣ƾ׻ƴյϢ磬ǰĹס
ʮħԽ٣ĿֻһǾǣҪɱī
ժ߳īͷ­Ȼ󽻸ǱߵĴҲΨܵõһƳʥ
ζ벻ǣ׻ƴУȻ׼ʥĴڡһȻǳī
ᴥŭģħ
ŮһЦǡܶǰѾŭˡ
¡¡
׼ʥĹƬгױ
ˣԭ־İٱĴħױҪˡ


1367 Ƭ
Ⱥħ飬ҲȫҪˣҪױˣȴħҪ˵õĽ׻ƴ򵱼أ˵õ׻ƴȫһȺأ˵õĴӴԺͿħǿ֮أѵһУƭ˵
ۿһĹâͬɨҶһոǵ־ֱû취ݡȫĵ÷ǳס
֮£׻ƴߵʿǣҲͬȫдŴġ¡֡ЩˣԭȫѾ˱׼ħ׼ʥĴħʮ𾳽ħǲħţҪô򣿻ô򣿸ûκϣ
ԣƴһսźͷΪʿͬԸƮ칬ЩˣҲȫôġ
˭û뵽Ŀе֮ٵʱƾȻʼ˾ת
ͻȻһŮӣŮ̫ǿˣס˴ħҸħսƽ֣˫ƾУ
ôⳡħ֮սĽҲ̫ĸı䡣Ϊʮ𾳽ħȺʿ˵ȻһȺ޵еĴڣƥУ
ƾһһĶүۣסȺֲħ
˭뵽ʱ򣬾Ȼֳһ׼ʥĴڡ
ʿ˵ѾǾϲĺͻȻֱǲģ
˵ֻʣһͷôأǲΣ
ֱ׼ʥ֮սһЩ⧲ʿⲨ壬ޱ𺳵ĻعһУģ
磬ˣ
ⳡ̣̫Ԥϣ˼ˡֻųԶնߡ
ΪѪħǺӱԵƬգѾһľأ
īò˺󳷡¯ӻŴʿԶߡ
ħŮӸס˫֮ս춯ء
ڱĻɱȺħ𾳽ħ˳ӴȺûüսħš
ⳡսѾ׳Ϊ˵ս
Ůӿÿһޱ׺ݡħȻǿƥҲҪСĽӦԲУΪһСģпܵش
Ѿûоȥ˼Ⱥĸµˣֻһ飬ǾǣҪβܰⳡսΪµľѾԡȻѾˣǾ˵Ѿǹеĺ
вѾûκˡ˵ħԼҲ֪һ£ǾǣĻڲҲһ顣кܶԱԻеһЩôͬ
׻ƴλʥˣ
λʥѾܾòˣһֱڱչء壬඼֪λʥʵ׽ҲȽֶͬŮġ׵ܵܣλǰ;塣
ˣǱߵ˽Ӵħʱ򣬸Ͳûеһ֪
ЩˣӴħҲֱӣ˵
ԣ񿴵񣬴ħҲףԼһСģͽһеС
һСģٲ
ѾеУǴħħ֮ҪѳҲѾˡ
ҲѣΪҪʥ
Ѿܴˣ£ħԪܶࡣҲѾĺꡣԣ±УҲϧ
һεʧĲܹͷϡһһ飬ҪɱīȴȻûгɹ

īþ̫ǿ
ҲûоȻĻôܳ׼ʥʿ
ڴ֮ǰĴߣݣҾ͵ݵġ
У׻ƴȻǴǿķӡУݵĽʾ˵ǰʥ׻ƴ򶼾֣ܳ
˵ӡɶ󣬻ܣΪֻҪǷӡվʧȥõһ졣Ǿܵģ
ǷӡɲͨŪģǵȺ׻ƴǱӻȥǣϵĴҲֹһЩ˹֣ͬӡ׻ƴ
Ҳ׷˳īүү׻ƴǿߵĳʥ֮·
ħȻҲַӡ׻ƴʲô磬Ҳ²⣬ãʥ֮ϵĴڡ
ʥ֮ϣǴʥ
ʥ֣ӡ磬ôܻ⣿
ôֳܻ⣿ȻΪ˰ʥԼͬľ磡
Ů˭ôܶô˽⣿֪㣡
̫˼ˡ
ħҪϢݻȥţϢӦÿԵûնɱīӰˡ
׻ƴ򣬳˴⣡
ħʵҲΪʲôôʹ޳īԭʶΪĽѪۡϾĻУ׻ƴҲãħҲãʵ֮ءᱻǷеĵط
һԪǰǳսԭҲܼ򵥣Ǿǣϣ׻ƴ֮س̫ǿʿ˹ʧ֮󣬸ɴַӡ硭飬˵Ҳûʲôһ仰ͿԽͣ˺ã
ͬ飬ħҲû˵׷ɱǰһδħĺᣬ˵ַӡһЩܻǿڵ硣
ڴħеǿڣһ
һ磬Ҳ˵˭ħΪҹһĮһ˽
ħ֪ӡ׻ƴԭ֪Ҫɱīɡ֪λ׼ʥħ֮᲻İٱ
īȺѾ߳Զľ롣ƬѪħǺӵıԵشֻʣ˴ħŮӣԼͽ𾳽ħЩƴѪħǺһߵħš
ģʱ򣬻ħǿߣ˳ڹͨϵ塣
ЩħĹУһܴߴħѪϲոħ壬һΡڳ˱ոζ
־ĸоֵ֮޹ȫĿ
ħ𾳽ħڲϵļš
̫ǿˣ
ֱӾһ·ƣԵ˫ûκζԣͶ֮䣬ɱ
ħʱ̲סŮӵĹһֱ۱ΪֱۣһͷڹͨΣʧһ˲䣬ڹͨˣ
ʣµЩħ飬Ҳȫ׵ױˡ
ħǣ
ħˡ
ħˣ
ħڿ
ŮӣһһԲɱħĳһ̾һȥˡ
͡³֡
Ȼ󣬼ɱ
ŮӵӰһб䵭󣬳ʧˡ
ħ𾳽ħҲֻʣȫˣһϢ
Щڣһܽ͵췭ظʿȴԴ
޿ӣ޿ɶݡ·ߡ
ī۾һգգĿŸڻɱȺħħͶ䣬һµĵת
ϴθ״Ǹ˱ʱ̫ˣīûüһΣīڷˣǹתĴȻȫƬصģ


1368 Σ
īһĻ׾ˣɨһߵ˺󣬷ֻԼ⡣ϵǹɺƥĴͬӿľˣϵӿšƬظ룡ָ߳Ƭصĸо
īһ㣬Ժһ˲׸ôɵˣ
ܶˡһЩˣΪܹƬӡĲ³ɵΪĸ׵İīһֱΪġЩˡ
ĸ׻ȷṩ˺ܴİøɵôʱ̤׼ʥԭΪĵȫŵƬصģ
Ž죡
ԭôĵһҲȫƬصĵ
īҲΪʲôײھųǣһģԭĵУѾʿ֪
˶ΪѾ˵ʱȴȻľ磬ӦǴûֹͣޡ
īۿЩʪЩ̫꣬ˡ
Ǳߡ
ʮħħŵսʿһǰûκηȫ
ڹͨʧĵط¶һĨźϧôħˡ˵һ׼ʥһ˼ҪߵĻûס
ʿĿһĻǲţһսʤˡ
ȷʤˡħˣʮ𾳽ħһ˸˸ɾֱ̫ɴˣ
ɴൽ¡޾ħȺȫЩĿɿڴ
˭û뵽һսĽ״̬
һˣĿ⣬ڳһȺ˵ϡ̴ͷݸ߸ݸ߸ϱȻ帾ٸǵϣȫǿҵļ֮ɫ
ԼĴ󲮣źεĿȺͳݡ
ųī𣬳һѾٴγΪĶ塣ڴ֮ǰĳɫȻȴվǲһԪǰԻ͵ġ
үΪ׼ʥһȺ𾳽ʿ档ǸʱĳһңµĶ塣
ڣˣһڵ壬ȻһԪǰһȻôǿȻң
ۿԼĴ磬ʵ֪࣬ܳΪҲΪһֵԭһֱ֪ûǷϵġô꣬УȴһֱܵĴ᲻⡣
Ͼߵ·Ȼٶȼ죬ȴΣһСģͿܻٲ
ħҲڿųмѡԼͽܵĸףȻһǿʿȻѾͻǸΣˡ
֡ҵ׷󡣡ħаš
ȴħ΢΢һЦһȭЩֵ꣬ܰտСˡ
ħȻ񣬵ԳȴǺ𾴵ġ
̫ˣҪԼ㣬ʦģûʲôЩûæħһϵ˵
΢ЦŵӦõģʦͽ縸ӣΪʲôӦõġ
ʱ򣬺߹۾ģųһЦǧû˵ʲôֻ˵һֽһ㡣
ҡͷ̾Ϣ̸ס
ʱ̲סȺг˳ǰȴһֹˡеӵĿų֪˵ʲôˡ
һֱΪϵһͨˣΪϵӦúǿ󣬵ȴûϵȻǿֵز˵ī֮ôϵǵ֮׻֮
ϵһ骸оˡеİ
骣ڵھųʱµСҲѾɳˣú㡣
΢΢һЦ骸磬ôʶˣ
ϵһӵ˽棬ϾƹԼĸס
һĻ˿ɵˣ벻Ǹħսʱޱ͵ŮȻλܳϹϵ
ָһһкȻѳīеߣһ˫ۿųī˵׼𣿡
仰ܶ˶ˣȫĬ
ǰ׼
ħһս׻ƴһѣⳡѱһ˸סˣ
һԪ֮󣬳һȻ׻ƴػȻͬһ᲻ɴݵķߣİ
īĽѣȴոտʼ
һսôħˣؽߵϢݵǱߡôڳīĿ飬϶֮
˸׵ĻīЦЦ̤֮·һ쿪ʼѾ׼ˡ
ˣ΢΢Ĭһ£ȻҡҡͷһǺܷġ˵ţһԶǺеʿȻȥɡһսħԪºܾöٳˡ
Զ޾ǺУʿڻᣬϲһƬ
ǲ֪̫飬ֻ֪ⳡ٣ȹˣ
īԶЩˣҲ¶Ц⣬Ȼ˵ãȻؼң
һս˭û뵽ķʽĻ˳ī֮⣬ȫϲЦտַĵĿϲ֮飬޷
īųһƮ칬ˣŸף뿪ЩҪ񻶣Ҫͷǵ
·ϣīкܶʣʵǸŮ˭
һ۳ī˵㲻ʶ
īЦȫ¶âǣӶûпʶȥ
ЦЦޱ
ޱ㣿īһû뵽Ǹž޵׼ʥŮʿȻޱ
һֱѾߣʵѾӽ׼ʥˡΪ㣬ŸԸġڵһ׮
īпѣŸף֮ǰ˵ħ֣ô
˵ħ֣£Щ𾳽ħǲֵġħ֣Щǲ֣Ҫҳô
⻰ʵڣʮλħʹħûнٵĻīȺȻսĿԽħѪħǺīõ󣬾Կɱħ
ʮλħʹħĽ٣ⳡսȫζԣʱҲò֡ΪǶѾȶˡǲسŵȣҳ֣ҲӦ
īͷȻ˵γ֮󣬸ǲǡͿԲüԼˣ
µҲųдΡܸһһʱ䣬ĵУ϶ľ޴ô
룬˵һͣһʱ䣬Ȼһ뿪
īŸףȻʵ׼𣿡
΢΢һȻʧЦСӣѧ˵
˵ţȴǳĬ
ǰ׼
׼ʥľ磬׻ƴ򣬿۷ˡ㲻ǾԵǿߡ
˵Щչص漶ڣеʥʿкܶࡣÿһӵĵкͨ˵УʥҲв١
־磬һȥǱߣҪȳӣǧѡ
󣬳ųīȻЦ֮£ӦñСҪһЩ٣ҪɱҵˣûҪɱ˶ࡣ
ī̲ס˸ֹۣǰοأǴأ


1369 
Һֻүû֪Ǹ̸֮ȻĻһģ֪ܵˣ޼ˣҲ⣬Ϊʲôɱī˸ࡣѵΪڣĻѪ
˵Щ飬ҲΨǸס
ųī˵ӣĽѣܰģҲࡣĻһȺˣĻʣΪӦԤеǸˣҪɱ㣬ԭ򣬲ΪǵѪΪǿ־屻߸
˵ţ̾ϢһȻ˵ʵԤԣҲʹĸףԼ˵ԤѾֺܶˡҲûжܹ˵ԤԵô¡ֻ˵׻ƴ򣬽һ򶥼ڵеˡԤԣӦġȻһԪǰҲôԶ˭ԤеǸˣžЩĴڣҲδ˵¹ԼƵȻ漶ĴڣʵҲ˵
īš
Ц˵Щ߸ϵĴڣײ֣ΪǽմȾ޴ǲԤǸˣһһΣ˶֣ķɲᡣ
һΣī΢΢ü
ôһ㶼ǵãһԼĶӣ·óɵһ̡
֪īûԼ׽£ȻţǾȡһ˿ů֪ʵһֱ׶ڰĬĬĹעȴûгָԤĳɳ
Ǹװ
ɽ
ȴ˼ûвҪʱ򣬲Ż֣ᷢһֱǡ
ǣǴҽ뵽һرصĿռ䣬ƻ档൱ȻһֱֻĹƺҪҡųһֻ֣ȻҾʹ˳īŸףһ𾪵ĵ˵ʱȷϴڶҳˣ
ɫصĵͷ˵ϸ֮и׼ȷжϣлҪһЩȻѾ϶ǸߣҪϧһд۵ɱˡڻֹ۵ǣǵϴڣҲδֵĶ󡣾㡣
⻰еƣīˡ
һ嫴ŶţëֱǱߵϴۿб֤ݿ֤īԤеǸˡȻĻȷ׳֡
ڵĻǱӦܹȷˡЦֵֻģһܹһһϴڵġҲΨˡȻѾû漶ĴڡⲢ˵Ǿĺ۸ˡ۵ˣȻϵĴڣҲ档ԣҪıһУʵҪ̬ȡ
˵ţһ̾
ͨīȻദӲһ̣ȴһ˸׵뷨ųҪȥǣ
һЦȻĳīļ磺İɣûô
īһĳȻͷǾͺá
󣬳ƮǵƮ칬СսʤϢҲڴȥ׻ƴн磬Щ֮أȫһƬڡԽԽϸڱ¶ȥнˣȫ֪һΣǳһ
һԪǰûʲô
Ʈ칬ʼĽīкܴĲͬīǳ˵ıȽֱסʲôˣջīĳɳйء
֮ޱȡ΢һ㡢츳΢һЩʿȫһ䶼
ʱ򣬾Ϳ˭츳ǿˣ
īĵӷ֣绨СѾƋOȫ۾ţϲɢŴ
Щˣ޾򣬱¡̣ħȺ˵ջҪīõջ࣡
ȫֲͬķʽ˵˭ĸһЩ츳׿ʿ˵ȷջ
ｲ죬ңǹģ
Ҳ˵²Ʈ칬ˣҲ
ϧƮ칬֮Щ߼ʿ붼ûиһѪħǺǱףⳡѵõʤ˵֮󣬺ܶ׼𾳽;콾ȫڵôض㣬̾һĻԵ
֮󣬳ֹͣ˽ȻҪȥˡ
ȫܲᣬ˶֪λҴүҪȥĶֻ˲ףλҴүݷô֮ۿŶӳɳڿԷĵȥˡ
Ҫȥӣ
ǸһֿŮˡ
ٱ͵˲ࡣīߣվˮŮˮȻ˵ʤֻȴڵʱֻ˵ģ֮û¡
ԣǱӲġ֮⣬г۳常Ů¡̺ħ
ĵǱߣһҪСġҪȥǣҲҪ̫嶯ţĸΪ幫ȻҲ̫ࡣīųʵһȥ
û취ڻȥʱ
ͷ΢΢һЦģһϾƹͷȥǱߣҲû˻ע⵽ҵġ
磬ౣأһ˫ĿУеİˣûκ
忴ԼĴ󲮣ĬĬᣬףһټʵͺˡ
ȦҲģȴǿЦţ˵׻ƴıݺܼ̣ܴ𣿡
ͷܡ
̿ųı֣Ҫһǳʵ壬ʦ
ȫһĿ̡ƮŮۣܹ֪ȷϢˣҲΨгˡ
΢΢Ĭһ£Ȼ˵ã
໥һۣӶԷУһĨ֮ɫϢ̫𺳣Ҳ̫ˡȻڴ֮ǰּѾƮŮۺܻܿϡӳĿ׿˵Щȫеޱȵ˷ܡ
ħųọ̃̄׻ƴ򶼱ӡ£Ҫβܳɵ
룬Ȼ˵ͱƬˡ
ȫЩ
ħȴ¶˼飬Ȼ۾Ȼһųȭħû
񣺡ǳīʦƽ۽Ҳֻһ仰ܲȴҪԼ
һ仰ȴʲôֵǮħһ˵
󣬳ĿһˣȻڰ֣ˣǧУҲһ𡣶ȥɡ룬׻ƴٿ԰ܶˡ˵ţһ۳īӣŬ
īصĵͷܿ裬Һ
һᣬˮЦϱˣС̬ôһˮͷǶܺã´μϣܿҵŮ
˵ţΣ˲ʧǰУûһ˿ۼ
ţ޾ңԶͻȻ䱩һ貶ĿĹâȻƬ棬·𶼸žҵĲһ¡þòŻָƽ


1370 
īűĹâĬ˺ܾãҲȫĬšħӿ޸пһž޵ľ콾츳һ㶼ȳīڱӡɵʿԹʱ򣬾Ȼ־硣˸е˼顣
ħĹһˡȻɽ磬ûʲôǿ֧ţȴӲʾҲӲͷһ·ߵ죬̤׼۷徳硣ң뵱ɽļһ·Ҳ㹻ɸĲʲô
Ȼ˶³ɵΪʲôܣ˵ͱƱɳɵΪ⻰Ǻȴúе
ħ̧ͷһգаͱôǾͱͱԺˡ
ȫǸ£صƮ칬
һµʱ䣬Ȼȥ
ȺսֿħʿҲڻع硣磬һƬֵĺС
ѽΣʧ׻ƴֿ̫ƽꡣϢ̫ˡ
ǲûⳡսЩˣûƮ칬ͳһ
Ʈ칬ǳһн磬ȫӵ󼰵ľ޴ŵ˵һƮ칬ͨӣ߳ȥܻþ޴ء
ɽӱޣصصţлī
ٴԳīɽҲû˵ֵľӸ£ܿ
ûлᵱлӵĸףֻܸлˡɽ˵
̫ˡīҲܿ
ɽܿű뿪ˣΪٻеεġεԭȻơ
ѾʱǨЩ飬ȥҲѾ䶨
һƾĸ˽Ȱ˵Ҳûɶ̬ȡ
飬Ĳֵܹġǲûʲôԣͬīʱ˵ʲôֻܵ˺
ҲҲûȰ˵ʲô
Ǽľǿ߷ˣƮ칬糱Ϊҡϵ£ˣȫƴû˼ȥǱ顣
ŲսЩ˵Ļع飬ǰƮǰݷõҲԽԽࡣȫͷĴÿһ죬дӿ뵽ƮСƮǵ⣬ǱӲޱȷ١
īȥ̫Ӧ꣬ûȥһ˻硣
Ҫޱͽ顣
ڻ㣬īޱǸڼŮĽ㣬īϲЦտ
㣬Ǹɣīżɽֱӷʡ
ޱЦЦûش𣬶Ƿһ䣺׼ҵСү
֮ǰһģһȻ֪ˣܹ£ȻǳҲֹΪ漰Ĳ棬ʵ̫ˡ
īЦЦСЩϴڵУͬһ㣬˭ң
ش𣬸׵ʱе㲻һͬҲǳīеʵ
ޱ˵Ҫ̫߿Щϴڵػǻ꣬ǵĹѾĮ顣ǲܳȷǸ㣬һȷˣôϵ£϶ֹ׷ɱġ
īЦŵô£Ҹ˵ʲôң
ޱһ۳ī˵ҪǸҺú˵һһ⡣
׼ʥĴڣôСīЦ
˭׼ʥˣ𶼲ǡޱ˸ۣ˵ոҲǸ˵ԽǾĴڣԽδػֻǽԼĵĳּľ磬뵽Ǹѡ˵ǵؽȺƷҲͬĲΡȻĻҲͲܳǸԤˡ
īĬһ£ȻͷЦ˵ǡ
˶û׼ʥ¡ޱƺ˵ڷϡīȴţ׾ƭ˵ǸޱǾһǣ
֪һطޱųī˵콾ǣ֮Ϊ
īüһĵط
ޱͷɣȫһ֮ǰ֮һֱûжΪǸطֲܿô˵أһ꿴ѰĲݣնһһֻƴܣһ̵һ𡭡
ôˣīޱ뵽֮ǰֻ𣬲ֻ𣬼ִħͷҲֻܵķݶȻСýڳī
ΪŻ㡣ޱһ۳īطȻҲʲô˶ȥġȥˣȫ콾Ǹطĥ¼ѰһԵͻƾ硭
ī۾ʱһǸطܹͻƾ磿
ޱͷȻЦͻƵ𾳽粻⣬ͻƵʥˡҲ⡣ҪΪʥǸطеˡ
ī̲סһȻֺõط
ޱûĵһ۳īҵСү㵽ûҵĻǵطΣճ̶ȡģ
ȥ𣿡īʵ
ޱĬһ£СȥһΣҺܿˡ
īǳ˳飬ޱʱʲô磿
ޱЦһ䣺ҵľ磬Сүҿ԰뵽Ǹط԰ͷ棬˶ݣ޷֪һ뵽еһУҪԼˣ
īҲҪ׻ƴɵȻģĿ̫ˡԣĵطԸȥҲΣա
ޱа̾һȻˣС㵱꿴ͨ͸֪Ķӣһѡ·
Ǽޱ׻ƴĸԭ
ⲻһݾΪΣճ̶ȣ㼧幫Ҳ˵ȫ֤ȫĳī˵ľΨһѡˡ
棬ľ콾콾ޱ˵
ϣжٸ򣿡īޱĴ𣿡
ޱͷһ򣬱һĴ档ǸΧ򣬻а˸׻ƴֻеһ
īһԭħأһĴ𣿡
ޱҡҡͷ㣬׻ƴ֮һƬռУһ򣬵Ǵ򡣡˵ţųī˸Ψ׻ƴ⵽ӡҲϾ˺ܶᡣ߸ԭͱ׻ƴĲҪһЩѾԣЩе콾Ҳʸ뵽ġУкܶ˼飬ȥ򡣲һеǰǣȥȻ󣬲Ҫκˣ
ޱ˵ⷬʱ򣬺࣬Ҳ棬ųīٴѵһƺţŽûˢӵˣû뵽һĻ֮ءΨһĹ򣬾ʵԣһ߰ĿɰСŮЦҲҪסһ̣ܾͻһԪܹ뵽ģûзˡ
īͷ㣬ˡ
ãȥ׼һ£ҡޱ˵
īͷȻȻʵֻԼԽȥ𣿡
Ϊ㻹͹ȥˣޱһ۳īУҪףŽ޳ѱΪлӻˡ
īĬһ£ͷãˡ


1371 ѰҴ󹫼
ޱ˵ĺֱӣҲʵȻ׳ī˼ߵЩһ뵽ףīûаеΣ̫¡ⲻ˵īжԸǳīٵԶҪֲöࡣңһīʲô⣬˵϶īҲԣпܵĻɴһȥ
ϧǣС㵱µԴֻóīһ˽뵽ȥˣޱ룬ҲûǸ
ⱻӡһ͵ҪĿɲͨԴ
īȥҪһЩ׼ҲҪȥһЩ顣
ޱͷĬš
ʱ򣬽ͻȻֳﻹе飬һ£Сˣ
ޱͷȻ˵ң顣
΢΢һ漴üͷô
ޱ̾һھ磬ѾˡͻƣǳɵȻ籭ӡǶ֪Ǹ¡ķӡⲻסѪġ
ͷ
ޱ˵һǱߵĳЩϴڣ϶Ӧʮа˾ţָԤʱĹһ鷳ˡ
ɫҲЩأŭĵ֣һԤԶѣһȺϴڣȻ涼Ҫ
ޱЦ˭˵أϵȻϵĴڣҲѳݳǾУҲޡ׷ɷ֪ޣȴƫƫҪС£ҲؼˡϵĴڣܹġֻþǵȫ֤үûκεʧ
ҲֻˡֵطӦʺô꣬ǿųīһɳģԳī˵൱˽⡣ԣóīҲʲô⡣
Ҳôģ水С㵱ƶļƻɵ֮ٽĻܾˡޱ
ͷǾ£Ҳˡô죿
ޱ룬˵ү֮ǰľٶܿװ׻ƴС㵱»磬ĿľΪ˷үͬʱΣͷԶүбӻү֪֮ҲûùӻԼԣҿ磬׻ƴɡܰѪ콾
ͷҲôģȻˣǾôɣ

īصƮ칬ǰݷõˣȻﲻ
ںܶ˵ĿУƮѾΪһʥǣƮ칬ʥǵĺʥأ
²ܼƮ칬Щܹհһ£ҲǺõġ
ī֮ûо̫ˣֻǽеߣ˵һ¹顣
֮󣬳ĬãȻЩĿųīûбİ취ȥһô
īҡҡͷ٣׻ƴǲˡĴ򣬻лᡣ˵Χģ߸׻ƴֻһ߸ûбӡҲһֱĸ֮ءԣЩеĶ콾л뵽ġ
һ˫ˮɵƯӣһεĵ߸ΧҶǵһ˵ҪҵЩڣ¸ǲܡҵ֮ıݶ˺ˣˡ
ī֣ңһ
ĵȻˡֻǣ뿪֪Ҫã㲻Ҵк𣿡
īҡҡͷк˵ʲô˵ұԶˣ˵ұչˣҲʮ꣬Ҳϰꡣɵأī꣬Ĳᣬ˵һ죬һһеûܹǵˣ
ĵͷãڼҵ㣡
ڶһ磬īȻ뿪ˡľ磬뱻˷٣ûܸӦ
˶ΪīǶ徲ȥˣʶīѾܾû¶ʱѾǼºˡ
ڳīߺ󣬾һͷƮ칬ĲؾСԭ԰Ĳؾкܶϵĵ伮ѾкܶԪʷˡû֪Ҫʲô
ֱºꡢ¡̡ˮͳ弸һͬʧȥ˲ʶڲ֪УһЩû취顣
īڸֱ֮Ҳûеһʱ磬׼۷ľ磬ķˮģ൱ֲ
Ҫҵ󹫼ټ
Ϊһֱ̫ˣԴӷ֮󣬾ʹӰ١һۼû¡
ܲմ󹫼ԸܶһĽ治īԴ̤𣬾ѾԶٶ֮զࡣһЩûüҪ̬ԳīѾޱȱķ֣ǳ˸īµǸ֮⡭Ѿûеڶѡˡ
֮һ޴ķ粨ƶųīŸߴȥһֱΪ繫ϵ֮Ѫħ棬նز֣ٵոȺۻħ塣
һ׮׮һһǺ䶯Ĵ飿
£󹫼Ȼû¶棬Ҳֻ˵һ⡣󹫼һǳʲô⣬޷
ī֮ǰҲݹִ󹫼û֮ǣҲʱûȥڽַ׷ŵ鴦ˣҪʱʱ򣬳īĲ˽һ·ʦѵļһҪҵȷİΣ
ݵĽʾ󹫼Ȼı½ϣģĽָ⡣
īЦĵһҲǺڣ֪ܵʲôȥˡľ磬·ֻ̣֮䡣
պ󣬳ī뿪ĺ嫴½ããСȥƬ޴Ĵ½ب޾֮£ǳƬ½
һõĵطвȱīЩпĿ˺һᣬȻ󣬲Żعͷȥȥ
׻ƴе׻ƴ½ķѣγĲռ䡣絽ɽ磬ٴ絽˽硣˽Сһ½Ȼ޽
֮⣬׻ƴ½飬ķѣɵңԶĵطЩطͳһ֮Ϊ⡣Ȼ׻ƴ˵磬ͬԽ뵽統С統īĻƻͣʿ
ûͳƹ׻ƴ½ж磬²ǧ
Умʮǳôиָ飻СġҲбǳСܶ౶飬ͬʯûκڡƮУ·˵ŵǳսĲҡ
īһǧαȹâٶȻҪ졣
һһдŴ󹫼֮ܵءԽǵԽǻҡѽˮܸ߲ͨεĳī̲סüͷ
аطйŹְ


1372 ŵ
Ƭ򣬷·͸һǿֻƬģһֺµĸоīܹоһɵļ¶ϸݣȴʼղҪ졣Ȼ䣬ī΢΢һ
ˮͨе֮ôһĿܣطʩֱ߱ӵĹϵ
ֵطʲôϵīüкɻ
У󹫼ӦþƬУӦúܶˡȴһƬʣ·Լйء
󹫼ĪǷʲôйص飿īƬţ۾⡣УڲܵݻתƬʱ䣡
ͨѾ漰ˡīѾ޳ɡ
ϣ
ͻȻ䣬һֱ֮߱ӴӲз˳
ţ߱⻪ţǹâʤǿеĺǣɢűɱһɼΪŭ߱ɢ
ʱһ˳ƬǿֱӴݹ
͵ұСô
īʱǿһ򿴹ȥһ׻ƴ½֮顣鲻̫Լмǧ﷽ԲһǳҪġ硢ɽЩͺСˡ
ǵǴϴġţһӰǱһ߳£ȫɢž˵ϢϢƬ񷣬ѹƬǺӡ

ĺܳīԤϣطȻһ𾳽ǿߣ
һߣȥ߰ʮӣͷ׷ɷģһɫĵۣˮһ㣬ųī߿߹
ƺչغܶˣϻһɵĸ֮
ī۾ߣָоǰλ𾳽ߣӦø֮ǰزһˡһԪǰӡԼȻ⿪ӡسġ
Ϊʲôطûн뵽磬Ͳö֪ˡ
ߺǿٱȵزҪǿܶࡣ˵һʱѹ׻ƴ򣬵ҲǷǿġȻһԪǰǱȽǿ
־ʿīиûκο־塣Ȼزǿܶ࣬īҲǵĳīˡīǾ߷Ҳһս
īа˵͵СѵϣҲһ߱ĵɣ
ʱѾߵ˳īǰͬҲ´ųīȻ˵׼ܹɾ־磬ҲʵˡˣҪ󣬽ѵȻˡ
īȻʧЦѡ
ĵһ۳īһѹȻųīǵһѹȹȵ֪С˭еѣǸʸ𣿡
𾳽ѹͬˣӿīȴȻԨsŵյУߵ˵ѣαأ
΢΢һ벻ѹȻκβǰꡣкǾȡе㲻ܽܡ
ⲻһԪǰˣ˵һԪǰΪҲ޵СīƽĿߣ΢Ц˵ôһԪĽ죬Ȼ޵еġȥ㲻ǣҲǣδ޵еġ
ߵɫʮѿһѵͽܲˣŭƿСҴԲѣ֪ҵ
˵ţһīĹ
һۻȻ˲Ǻӣա
һʲôʱ򣬶˵ǿ
ī̾һת̧֣ͬ˹ȥ
ȵһת˼жʱһ¡¡ľ죬ͬں
ī۾΢΢һУɫú䣬߾Ȼɱģ
һ粻͵þȫȥһ׼۷ʿʲô㣬Ҫ˵˭ܿס
īҲͬþȫں澳֮вɫ̨ڷתһ˲䣬ǹֻ档
ƺҲоЩףϵľ޴࣬İٱһ׼۷徳ʿܷ졣
Ǻ¶κһž޵ʿӦ޵еŵĹͷͲʲôˡԼ֮صģ
Ҿ±Ͷ̥ǵòҪǱǿˣ
ߵһȻ
īƣҲƵ
Уʱһɺƥ΢һЩǳֱӾͱˣ
촷ۣƮɢڲ񷵱С
ī壬˼ʮоһҵķڡе𣬲ָоͱīѹ˻ȥ
ٿߣͬ˼ʮȻɫĿųīȻˣ
ȫ벻ǰԼһ󾳽꣬Ȼ˿ֲսӲȫһ֮󣬾Ȼ˶ûܡ
ϣ
ʱŵ߱죬һߣֱӾն˹ȥ
߱ûзƾű壬һֲ˼ٶȳߡ
ĵУɢĺǾ˵ɱֱƬգ
ߵһȣ˲һصľˣǳָֻ⴩Ȼ̧޴ޱȵƣ͵ץ߱죡
߱ɢɱ̫Ӵˣ
Ȼһ޴ޱȵľˣһ½ȴȻ޷׸߱ɢɱ
Ҳ˵Ҫѹ߱ϣֱˣ
ֱ߱Ӵߵľ޴дţһѪӣ˳Ǿ޴ƥƣһʳֱһѪɫӣ
߷һ춯صŭһֻƣųīݺݵĹ
ǾϵѹȫûκεԡƾԼ𾳽ʿľ۸Լˡ
㲻޳ܣǱƼˡΪ£ûĸ׼𣬻īô
ţģƬǺӶڲ
īĹâҲⳡֱ̣ûġߣһָ͵Ȼɷ˵ͳ֡
˵ʵ߲ĻīĲ˺
Ͼ׻ƴûмˡԷΪģԪҲʣ޼īѾǳܹүүûؼҵԭ
վǸ߶ϣǵȫͬ
ֻϧȫûѳīһʼûѳīͬεĶеɱǳءҪȾָ߱죬̫̰ˡ
߱ҲãҲã¯׻ƴķȫ˵ī͵Сֱ޻̸֮
Իɾ˵һƣīûԥֱӼԪžľһƣֱӳž޴ޱȵ
䣡
һֱҪƬǺӣ
˼ǣ֮սֵز־粢ôңԶƬ磬Ȼûܵ˿Ӱ죡
·һεϣ𼶱Ĳȫ档
Ƭ޴ǺӶѾҡˣǳ촷ۣ׷ΨƬ磬ʮȹ̵
£ֻҪر𱿣϶ܿƬĲͬˡ
īı𣬸ûᱻһƳðߣƬ磬ֱӷ˹ȥ


1373 С
ߵİߴϡã˶ˣﻹܹ˵ϳīıȥʲôֻʣһͷôߣ
ɢŶϢ˾ǴðģǸʲôϵ
ߵг˵ҲͦģƬ磬飬١࣬ϰ֮ࡣô˵У϶ôܹѪŴڵġ׻嵱жͬѪҺܰ˿ڣһ콾ûС
ԣڹȥҲкܶѪ콾Խ뵽統УԵõǱߵĵһϢȻش֮ͬأߵʿ
Դߴӷӡ֮еһУͷ췭ظľ޴仯һɨ磬ҵǿʿȻ󣬽ȺȫץչصĵطȺеľ콾һԵĶˣ
ֶΣֱţûԵ¡ƫƫģ磬ȴûһ֪ʲô
һҹ֮䣬е콾ȫʧˣ
𾳽̫ǿ֮£еѪ콾ȫͬڰеĻһ޴ӶΣ
ȺˣҪҪԼӡʧԪ࣬ȴľѸٻָ۷״̬
ǲһȺϣĴҩްʲôģûʲôֱ
ڳɵһ𣬾ѾΪԼ˵ķ룬Ϊˣ
Ϊ񣬲Ҫи飬ҲҪͬνͬȫǸ׼οߵģ
ҲΪʲô߼īֱӾͶԳīֵԭѳīҲˣ
ȻĻȫԳǰѵȻѳī߾ǡؼ߸ͲôīǿһҩôԷŹ
Ϊ־ͺԵֶΣʹ磬һֱ̣ӱһ֮ءˣҲòǱߵϢϢԴжϣ
ԣԸ߸Ͳ֪ЩǱߵ׷ı仯Ϊľ磬һ磬Ǿ߽٣ؽ׾ٵѹ׻ƴ
ʱ׻֮
֮أ˶ɱ⣬أ
ߵ̬ȣպԼ֪һȴóһһԪǰѾûˡƸĺ˶ûˡû˵֪ī
ħ֣Щ飬ȫһ֪
ħֵʱս磬ܹܵǱߵĲϧǣħֵսīѡѪħǺƬԶ
е飬ۣ춨

ڼī֮ǰշǰѵ֮󣬾ͽ磬Ϊ׻֮Ρ
ĭһֱˡ
Լ޷ԼС
īһԪԦŷһץסͬһǺӰƵͷϵķߵѹ壬ϱС󣬱Ϊ˴Сڷɪɪ
ôΪʲôе־壿īԦŷ俴ʵ
һ˫ȻĹâųīķʵ㾿ʲôˣ׻ƴҲǿߣ㣬ǲǱ߹ĴܣҸ˵ңһԪǰѾͶǱߵһͳ죬ռ
īâһЩ⡣һֱΪעߣӦǴԼĸʱʼġһԪǰǳսӦЩԤԵϴɳˡѵ˵һԪǰѾ˲ˣ
īĶЩ䣬ЩΪ׵Ҳǿµʱ򡣳īԦŷĿԼһŵߡвЩ
׻ƴǿߣԼˣֱӳѹûκԥԼǿģ޲ܹͷġˣ꾿ôɵģ
Σռʲôϵīһƺһĳɡ
ȴ˲ץ˾һĵĵС϶ȫĸͳʶһ϶Ǳ߹Ĵˣͳ쵱С϶˵ǱߵĻ塣ʱʹС϶һȥǸĳ졭
īһȱɱ⣬ȴɱ⣬ķӡԼУûбֳ
죬ǳīүүλ׻ƴΰˣ
ѹ˽ԼӡԭǸʱ㣡
㵽ֵط׼ʥУҲ簵ҹһԡֻүӵؽȸȺġȻ컹ڮ١
īûоһԪǰǳսӺ˿ģֻǳһѪ˽־£ô˲ܵϢͺܵıأ
Ȼǰȫǵһߡ
īȫ˵һˣ̫սթݺȺǿߡҺãǶѾɾˡĶˣһҲֻʣСèֻ
ȫ˵ţü۵ĿԶҪѰҳīټ
ʱ򣬳īڷԪۿȫʵԶǸ棬ʲôܣ
īϻҲһԪ֮ǰ飬ֻ֪Ǹô¡ΪʲôܵסսĲ
ȫԥһ£Ȼ̧ͷСĵĿһ۳ī
˵ʵȥī˵ɱΪȫ˵ԼҲܲס
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šīǿһȻ֪ˣ߱ɣ
ԶԶԣǰѵӦ֪ǰѵǵ꼧ͳǴġս̫ңǰѵнˡȫȻ֪ܶ飬һЩص鶼֪
Ⱥ˴ϵķҪһ׻ƴЩߡ
ߣīü
ȫ͵ٺ٣ߣǵĽзΪ˸Щ˻ޡʵҲ˵˵׻ƴҪһţһǸųɳΣһЩϵĴڡԣ뽫Ǹҳɱ
ȫ˵ţһ˫۵תţųīı顣Ȼ϶˳īķ϶ʿҲһûУҲ̽С
īˣ㲻˵Щϻˣ֪ı࣡
ȷϱȳīµˣûˡΪīǸԤеţǵߣ
ιҲͬĿģī俴һȫң߱ĵѾҵΣеֻ֪꣡һ£һصǲ
ȫһηĿųīȷ⣬֮⣬С


1374 
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ȫ˵ǸġһѪ£
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ҸӦѪµĴڣӦҲ֪˭Ƿ졣ʮѪµУҲΨз죬
Ĺֻͨһ˲飬Ŀǰȫ𺳲ѣ漴īһĮȻʵУǰЩ꣬ǲһֻ󹫼ˣ
ֻıëȫʧ̬һλȻǱߵĴ׻ƴߣͶӦǶģʵǺ޼ֻֻѾշһصǿѪ¡ֻ󹫼һҲ֪ʲôȻǿѪºǽصȫȫѹĵֿʶӡ
γһֹľ⣬ǽصǿѪӲطҲκβǡֻͬ󹫼Ҳҳ
ȫŭ˵һľȻЦֻҪǸҳͰˣãⰡ߱ҵһصշһѪ¡ֻÿ¾Ʋˣ
ȥ̵ģī⣬Ҳ̲סֱһŽȫ߷ɳȥ
һţɲѰĹǶ˶ľУһżȫߵϡãҲ׵ĽӡԼһԪһиˣ
£һȻܹѹȫ־𡣵Ҫ˶ԷһУȴûôס
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īŭһ֮£Ļȫĺã˶Ҫˡīƫƫһûг׻ɱ
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һֻûİˡ
ȫУȾί
īǰ˫Ŀֱȫ˵ұӦֱɱ㣬޾ɻȥõĹޡУ˵ףԼʹ죡
ȫųī˿ĵΪΪʲô
Ǹĳ죬ҵүү
ȫһ˫ۣ˲ɵϴд޾ľֺͲ˼飬ȫųīĻ
Ⱥߣҵˡī˵
ȫ΢΢ſƺҪ˵ʲôȴʲô˵ڡһб٣йӲдҲκη˿ȥӴݡҲһĳ־Ͳʡ
ңǸšīĿȫԣǸˣʣСèֻļˡ
ȫһ˫ۣ͹￪ʼѪ
ⲻˣģ
ֻļõѣҵֵܣīȫУһƬ䣺ҺܺǣȻ֮أҲϢ̶ֳȣѵ˵磬һѪʿûУһֻҪܹõŰ壬ӦйҵϢ㣬Ϊһ𾳽ĴڣֻҪһ׾ٵ֪̫Ϸ顣
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ʱ򣬴ӱѾˡµҲһЩˡī˿ۼ䡣
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궯磬һ̣Ȼƽ
Ȼ󣬳īĿ޷壬ԽԽͬʱյ߱죬Ҳŷ־ҵÿһͬӴ񷣡֮
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ʱѾ÷ѪǶ뵽ԼϵĲֱӱһĹΣǹɱ˲Ρ


1375 ô󹫼
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ϣԼ֮⣬ûз˺
ƫƫģīгŵģԼһ
£䣬Ϊһ壬ȷѡ
ǽصڽ߱쵱У߱˲䷢˾޴ı仯ԭȥѪɫڲɶƵɢѪɫɢɱʵ̫ˡԳīľ磬ȻѹƲסĸо
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ĳԵǸܵĳϵĵһǵȺʿУûзӳȻĻүүȺˡӦúѵֵ
ѵΪңΪǸСҪ򣬻ϴڵеԤԣ
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󹫼ȻƲףڴǴǰûкųīʿħ壬󹫼̲סޡ˵ʿս󹫼ҲоӨ
󣬴󹫼ųīЩпĵСӣڳɳˡã
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󹫼ųī̾˿ǰɣǺΣհ
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󹫼ȻЦСӣ˵ͨ𣿡


1376 ټֵܣ
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󹫼˵ţһ۳īˣ׻ƴһӣӣڷˮͨⷽ棬Ҳ൱㡣һ𡣡
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ڶһ磬Ҫֱʱ򣬳īȻ˵ȫ֮ظúأû˸Ԥò˶꣬ͻԽԽ
󹫼˵ǰǸѪ콾ɱˡô׵ɱֱǱ
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īŴ󹫼Ҳ֣ټֵܣ


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˵Ҳ֣澫ϢıСȥ֮ȴûκεı仯
ʱһɫ壬ʮĳһԣڴС򡣽Сʱͣˡ·Ҳڴɫ塣
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ǳīһһΪǵӰȻԼ
ȴδ
Ӱʵ£ɢһɶصϣϣȻ֮ɢǹɲܺõںһγһɵģǳصĵϡ
գ֮һ㣬һ£СУǵξѪΪһ塣Ȼ󣬽СϢıպڲĿռ䡣»οյΡ
Ʈڹ¼ŵ
һУϢпʼϢнûκδ֪﾿ʲô
֮ں֮ǵξѪȴøˡͬʱøӲ׽̽ʱȻָ߸ϵϴڣߡҲȫû취Ĵˡ
ţСȻӿٶȹâٶȻҪವһ£Ƭʧһ̣һİĵط˵ڶ֮Ȼһǵ֮ˡ顱
Сʱ䣬ں֪ܶУһռ˾ŵ֮
ȻС򣬳׵׵ʧˡ
ûκݵĴڣҲûκܹ·ûгֹ

ī˻磬Ȼ󣬼ޱҲ˽顣
ȻһͷģīЦЦǴкˡ
׼𣿡ޱųīʵµͷ棬ʵҲżԥġ֪Ѿ㹻ˣеĸĸһǧĸǡȻǳīĸףȴһֱųīġָ飬Ҳ
īܴޱϸܵ¶һɵЦݣޱ㣬İɣһѧűԼġ
һ˵̫Ķ֮һ̽ҪꡣԼ
īͷ֪ģİɡ
ķܲõĻҪáһĿųī򲻵ѵʱһˣͲҪ
ޱһ˵Ǿ߷УŻܡ
īͷ֪ˡ
ޱͽ໥һۣЩпӳˣȹȥ̫ˣ
ðɣȻ׼ˣǾͿʼɣޱ˵ţȡһͷһս£һߣ֮⣬һѩĳ
ϣ
ѵһ֣ʱ߱˳ӲзɳһͷĶ񻢣ֱӾ˹ȥ
𶯣īһץס߱졣
Ѫɫĵ棬ɢһǿҵޱͽ鶼Щɫ
ǡ߱죿ޱһ֮ɫ
ҲһԾ૵߱죡˵ţųīѵͲ¶棬Ǿ߷һָ̫ǿˡڡ׳ˡ׵Ŷ
߱챻īץţƺЩ
īһ£ƽ
īǰѩĳʵһʲô
ܹ߱죬ѵȻܲһķ߱ôȤ
һʥޱ˵ǵؽ߳һλʥƵıУλʥүΪʥЩ㶼ҪǵãԺõϵġ
ޱϸϸ˵ʥһλĴܣΪʥ֮˰˼ʥСֱǵǹᡢ桭˼ʥң˼ʥЩǷа˼Ƶġλʦ¾Ʒ
īţ飬Щ飬Ҳǵһ˵
ѵǺʥƳĵһʥΪµޱ˵ţץѵһӣȻһɺ嫵ĺ˲䱬Ǻī澳֮壬Щܲסæתֿ
ţµӳһһȥȴɱ⾪ˣ
Ȼһʥʵϣĳ̶ֳ˵Ѿ޽ӽʥˣޱ˵ţһ۳īңǼͬǣֻҪǵ֮ϵʿԷӳϵķ죬ѵȴˡ
īһӾˣ˵ķŸʺȥպʹáġֻеľ㹻ʱ򣬲ӳ
֮µһĸ߼ҹȫκεġޱЦʥƳ˰˼ʥ֮󣬾ͽ͸ԼһЩֵܡ˼ʥʥֻ𹳺ͺµֱ͸ԼֵܡְѺµ͸һԼǸе㵹ùؼҲЩûػѵ˸ˣԷѵԴǸҲûʲô³һǿʿɱˣѵʮʥȥˡֻ˵һ䣬ÿԣǻԼѡʺϵˡ
īҡҷ벻ѵȻôĹ¡ûޱѵôϵģʮа˾ţ䵽ԼСȻһֱض
ס˼ʥֱ֣Ǻµǹڽ𹿰ڷ縫ƽᡢ𹳺ͺ档ӦûںʥԼСʣ߼ȥеĺµ֮⣬ʣЩӦöںʥЩֵܵĺԣЩеˣסһ䡣ܲͻҪͻޱ˵ţĿһ۳īΪʥ⼸ԪУϣһˡ
īͷ
ޱְīս£ߣߴ֮˿оĴڣ档
īžӿһۣˣѾһİˡ
ݰףüĿӢ


1378 Ķ
ޱվڳī󣬴žеˣĵͷţôӢ
ǣīܹоߺܲȴ֪
߰ǺǣһλʦƷƷһص㣬֮ԼϲһЦ
īʱһ˵ôͿʦԼƷϲ
ţЦǺǵ˵󽳾ΪߣʵĿģÿ˵ص㣬һף¶صӡǣȻҲϲġλʦǸƷеʿӲ飬ԣߣ󵽡
ԭīȻ򣬶žЦЦǸӢˣҲЦЦ
ս£ͬǱ߶ʦƷңȥκ⡣˵
һ׼ޱٴóһŹϵľᣬǾ᲻֪ʲôƳɵģȥĳƤɫѾˣӦúܹϡ
ʱ޵ƤⶫԽԽϡˡпһ䡣
ޱĽ⿪žᣬȻ󽻸īôķʽ˳īһ֡Ȼ˵֣ӡžϣүףˣ
īĿһˣȻͷһƬžᣬĬĬĽޱӡھ֮ϣһµʱ˲бȻ󽫳ī׵İΧ
ಣ
īΣ׵ʧ

ޱ̾һȻһ۽飬ټ¶һĨ֮ɫ
̾һ飬Ҳôˣү˺ǿµġ
ǰү˺ǿޱ̾һܹЩǡĸ˲ģ
һĶ콾ܹͳɵģȷʵû˭˲õġ
ЦЦˣۼҵүӵеˣˣ˵Щϴڸев
ޱͷԸԶƽ

īЩãȻվһСɽϣԶ̵СׯûжƬأЩͷֹǳˣҴ͵һ׷ˣ
ޱʹ󹫼Ѿīռ֪ʶȴû˵棬ĳ
˵Σ𣿲ԸЩ콾вҲΣһݿԷնɱɱһֻܿһ̵һ𡣿͵Сׯô£
ѵ˵·һҲôģ
īţʶͷųȥҪ̽һ̽СׯĵϸΪޱ˵һƯɰСŮҲţһ̶Цһ̾һ࣡
ţīסˣΪʶȻֻͷųȥԶ
̫ˣ
ΪһԪӤڵʿʶҲܸǷԲ
ī־ʿһ˲ԸƬǺӣǿľ룡
ôʶֻͷųȥԶľˣ
ʲô
īһԾƽʱһԾ̤ǧľ룬˲ϢԽɽӡ
ڴ˿̣һԾʮԶ
ţе׷ֵָķ緶ˡ
ī˶סˣ
һȫûκαӡļԼ˸ѹˣ
ڳīԣһɸߵľʯ֮ǰľʯīһͷ촷ۣҲڣīһǿƥ֮
ʯ˿û
Ȼ󣬳īֱһȭʯ
飡
һ֮ʯݺݵĲ˼£кܶѷ죬˳оʯĵطͬ֩һѿ
ǹˡī˶Щˣе㷢¡
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ǰȻڣ
ʶǿֲͬҲڣ
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ѵĲңƬأīȻɴ˫ۣ뵽ԣȻʼ÷ˮͨʼط
֮ҲֻܿʮɽӴءģ
ȻһƬعǿ󵽽ӽĵط
硭ģ
īü
Ǵ󹫼ޱûи˵ط
ϸطǸ֮ǰɵǸСԺżֵĽӽ
ǸϵľᣬѾʧˡȻһԵƷһǾĸޱԼ׼ġīƺЩʲô
طӦûΪ󹫼ޱ˵棬̫ĵطĸ˸˵Լ˽ȫ
Ҳ˵ĸ׵ܾѾ뵽˽ľ棬ˣڸ׼ʱڸޱֵʱѡط
뵽⣬īİ˺ܶ࣬һǴСׯǾȥ
ƬعȻѹסԼôȻҲͬѹסˣ
ҪͨͨǷݺǲܵġ񶷣īû¹˭
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ڳīУò꣬󲽣ʼÿһԾʮɣգۼ䣬ͳ˺Զĵط
˽֮Ա֮Ϊ˽ܣΪǲܵκεطȱ˸㡣
Сׯֻܰмʮ˼ҡһСӣʶһСʯţС֮ϡˮ峺ʣǺˮУżܼһЩϺζ
īڵʱ򣬱ڵһĿ⡣
ʮ˺ϱô֣رĸߣ֦ҶïСӡ棬ɢźǿϢīУܵһԡ
һʮֲֺߣ
īһ˲䣬ۡվǣĿ죬ŸйͨûеõκλӦ
ʱһٸһľ裬ľװ·Ӵ߳īһ㶣һӺƺǳߺͽţ棬͵͵ųī
īٸ΢΢һЦãҴ
ٸˣһֱ쵽ӣͷĵ£Ҳ𻰣վƺе޴ӡ
ʱ򣬴Ӵ߳һ״󺺣ƺǿٸصس鿴ġһۿīɫʱһ䣬Ȼݺݵһٸ֪ܵĶϽ
ٸһ˫ˮĴ۾ʱһˮҲұ⣬ľ裬æȥ
״ĿųīģԶ㣬Ҳ磡Ȼ֮أ


1379 СӴ
˵ţһϵĿųī
īЦλ磬ˣûж⡣
Цһÿģ˵Լûж⣬ϽҲㆪ¡
󺺵̬Ⱥܶӣֵǣûǰߵ˼վڴĿųīУһɿ̹ĵĳޡ
īɫһѾ̫ûôӵ̬ȶԴˡţīɿЦһ£ĵ˵̬֣֮ˣľԼˡ
ţīһϿҵ˵ҿԲǵĴӣܸңʲôط𣿡
״üųī˵СӴ壬ˣ˵ˣˡ
īʱһΣһ״󺺣Ȼ̾һðɣ߾ǡ
ĪĵģǴǰܹߵ˺ȥȳīҪܶ౶󹫼ޱ˵Σգƺȫߡ
īҡҡͷת׼뿪
ʱͻȻﴫһĿûУ
һŮӷģίͿ־塣
ţһĺǳ⣺ˣ˾߲·ǰɣӽʹҪĶ
ž
һĶ˳īĶС
ī͵ĻͷüŴķǸ״󺺣Ŀ
ôԴһŮˣѵΪңīתŴֱ˹ȥ
ŮˣûһϵҲ㡣ΪԵʲŹ裬ī϶ǹⲻȥġ顣
㡭ʲô״һŭעųīҲȻŴǿ񣬿ǰĶħɱ
䣡
һɺǿϢ˲ϱ
ȻƬҶֱһ㣬ųīͷ
īֱӳµգۼ䣬ܲ͸磬ЩҶȫ档
ЩҶȻޱȣ˿ȴǼʸһ㣬ײóīЩֱ۷顣īʲô磿Ѿǿᵽĳ̶ȡҲûǿᡣ
ЩȻĿ£Ҷ˺һ㡣
ī˸űĹâֵط־磬ʵסҲ˺㣬ϣһ㡣
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ʱǸ״󺺵ϣ¶ľ֮ɫ䣬ֱӳһһ߶೤ذףųīݺݵĵȥ
īǰкµһӣ
һɱɱ˲һ»ԣ󺺵ͷƤɹȥ
״ֱӱŵһۣӶһ¡
ĴƬͷն䡣
ī˵Ҳ˺㣬ԣÿ
״󺺶ӣԱȥ
īҲûһۣŲ߽˴ӡû߼ͿǱߵ·ΧһȺˡ
ոǸľٸͨĵڵϣﻹǸľ裬ң˫ۺסٸæͷҿһۡ
Χٸģм׳꺺ӣмϸ
һϸòһȻЩηīٸͷ̲סһĭٸϣ̵Сɧӣֲ÷ɧԭǿӢСˣ
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ס֣īŭһԾ𣬳ϸһ߹ȥ
ڴʱͻ
ϸ¶һ˿ЦݣȻ䱬һϢԭٸһţֱӸ߸̧ī
ʱЩˡҲȫˣ
ΨһһûģǵڵϵǸٸȻͷ
׳ĺӣȫһǿϢеĳеֿȭųīֱΧ
ī΢һ£дһ
Ⱥ˴˿չֳսȻȴ˿̵
Ҳ˵ֵطĻȺˡӦһȺ׼۷徳Ĵʿ
Ҿô
īĹâΣͬһͷýıӣ趯µͻ
ʱҽн
ĳªϸңīúµֱۣһɼǵ˿ڣ˲Ѫʧȥսˤһԣ
Ǽ׳꺺ӣҲȫûʲô³ֱӱīǳһ˿ڣɳȥ
ǳīȺûޣ϶
תۼ䣬Ⱥ˻վŵģֻʣĸǵɫȫǳѿһ־ĿųīȻ໥һۣƺ⡣
ʱһϵ𣺡ѣͿˡСӴȻҲ˭Ұġ
˵䣬߹һߣȥа˾ʮ꣬һͷȣһųī󣬻һȺˣԶԶţīĿ⣬ǿҵĺ⡣
īߣ˵żȻ·˵أûκζ⣬ǴӵȴƺʹңҾܲΪʲôոҲ׼ȥġλɩոֻǿһۣһ٣תֱǴŹӶĻϹⲻȥҲףʲôҪô
߿һȻŮӣҲ¶񣬿ųī´˼ۣȻ˵ȻСϲͰ߰ɡ
ʱһֱŮͻȻ䷢һУȻ̧ͷһӱˣŭ˻ҼˣǾôңΪʲôǷҪ˵ҿԼɷҲ⣻ҴңҲΪҲãΪҲ꣬ҵɷȥǲܰҸߣԼؿԼҼ˻ŵʱ˭ûܹĶݣ˭ûõĺôˡǾôԴ̫ˣ
Ǹīڸ첲նһĳªͻȻĵû޹ʱ˼ҺúõĻţǴҲĺܣ޹֮󣬾ͼȮԼɷ򣬻Ӵֻд𣿡
һŮˣ޹ʱѾǸʱ˺ǿƣ٣ǿƣҲԼһһ˵
ˣϽСӴ壬㲻ϲӢ쿴һ׳˵
īվһԣ׷ʲôˡȺ˳ªипޱȣһȺ߳ƺµĴʿȴͬһȺĿǳ֪Ұ򡭡飬Ҳ̫˵㡣
û˵뿴ͻȻ䱬˵ٸô
ٸȺ˴̶Ļˮһ૵㿴Ĵӣӻ񣬾һȺˡ֮飬ܲңҸô죿
ªԼֱ۵˿ڣǳ⡣


1380 ֮
ԣȥ

Ͻ
һȺȫ
һЩСӣʯ飬͵͵ӹ
īѾǵǸѪˣ£Ȼ̡ȵˣ
һƽһףʱȫסˡһŵĿЩ͵͵ʯܺǣȫŵһ£˴˵͵͵ųī
īһٸʵѵûмѵûеȻӭ㣬ؼҾǣα澡һȺ޳֮ͽʲôֵģ
ٸϣۣҧ´ҲȥīУǾ֮ɫ
ʱǸ߿ųīļң֪ĸסĸס硢㡢ܵܡáһʮˣȫѾˡ
òªһ񶾵ѹɤЦǺǣǱģ
ǸŮˣߵˣûеõ³ģ
ϽǵĴӰɣСӴ岻뱻ۣ
ԣûϽɣѾ㼸꣬ȥˣ
һȺٴȺ鼤׷Թ̱Թٸ
īüߣΪ;׷˵УɡˣΪʵĲͬȷ˵һŮӣܿеˣҲ̫ˡīš
˵Ⱥ˸еķűʵһǷųȥһȺĸЩСӣ¶ϵľ硣
ˣôױƣ
īţˮͨŮӣʼ
Ȼˮͨûôǿ󣬵վһֶͨЩ׷ųҪ̫ˣҲǿ̫ࡣ
ʱߣһ̾Ϣ˵ȻδȫһУϣȻǲġˣ㲻аµĻʹ߰ɡҲãӶҲգ߰ɡСӴ壬ľˡ
ǳªҲ˵ԣϽ㲻Ǹôôǿңȫ˶㣬Ůˣ
ԣ
Ͻߣ
Ҳ׷׳ԣվǵĽǶȣһ㶼Լʲô
īҲţ˲
۷徳磬֮壬֮塣
ǲϢ
ڲûʲô׼磬Ҳû׼ʥ׼ʥֻĳһ۷塣ԣĵ۷徳磬ڳīܿӦþһ׼ˡ
һƬأǷ·ҲȫûʶԼǾǿߡƺ֪뿪Ƭ֮ǻΪĽĴߡ
ˣīЩˡ
Ĺ
ӰƬصĹԣī֮󣬲Żоκεѹơ
Ϊľ绹ڣ
Ƭȴ֮
ɵǸСԺͬҲˡͬȻͬΨںһ𣬲γȫԼĵںϣҪǿʣҪǿ
ȻطȺˣûֵԣҲͲԼжǿ
ȻҲӵźܳԪ֮ǰǾһȺͨˣ
ī˽ʱ򣬽ӴЩͨˣʵûκηֱ
ǣľ綼
һĵطīи̾ȺˣѾӵľˡ⵹е˵еϹˡ
ǸϵĺʱȺϹͬȴȫӵżߵľ磬ӵǿս춷ض鶷
ϵȺϹһ㿪ġ󱻲츣
īò˼ˣһ𾳽ˡī̲סпЦ𰡣
ֶ磬ҲһǿˡֻһĿǳͷͨѵ˹
ٸʣǺĵʣһǻʡ֮塣
֮ʲôܹɢһ츣ߵÿһˣ
ʣôߵˣ
ߵȫˮʣҲܵκ˺֮ǿ
ī÷ˮͨȥݣҲûݳٸκεĲ֮ݵĹУСӴ壬һɭϢţɭϢ˲飡
īһֱ˵ЩˣҲ
Сʮߣ̫ǿˣϴһɲŭѹúܶ˶Щܡ
īţҪҵСӴ岻ԴͷĶ
䣡
ͻȻ䣬ֱӱˣһɱϢֱָī
ͬʱһĮݵ˳īľʶС
Ů˹ٹ£
īеһײˣ

ԼϢص̫ˣīҲû취طӵޱǿʶһӾͿ
Ĳݣסˣ
ΪĻīҲݵͷϣ
īۣУ¶һĨɫЩͬĿһߺͳªȺˣȻֿһǸٸȻʵλɩɩ֮ǰĴͷϣǷҲһ
ٸ΢΢һ̧ͷЩɻĿһ۳īͷ
īʵǣļ˳µʱǷѾ޵ˣ
ٸܿͷȻǵģҸռ޹ǾͶˣҲʹģĲҡ
ٸٴᡣ
īһ˵Ȼ㺦ǣ෴Ļˡ
īֱⷬӽСӴȺ˸˵ȻȻ¶ҲûôɵȻīⷬ˼˵Ů˲ʲô֮ˣǸޱŮˣ
ôܣ
ģһŮˣ
Ȼôãʹ
Ͻ߰ɣȫ˶ܸмģ
СӴȺ˲֮ǰ̬ȶԴīȴȫĺţϽ߰ɣ
ٸҲһȣųī˫һĨɫһĨɫԭѾ־ȻҲᱬھеźΣίᡣź֮뵽Ψһ·֤Լ
һŮˣҲܿɱ
ųīû˵Уȴ֤·ʣô
īĵͷġ
˵ţתǸߣɣо仰֪
ǰȻһЩͻī˲ˣڴ˿̣Ⱥȫָо꣬ƺ֮ǰǸˡ
Źȣųī˵ֻҪŮˣôԡ
īߣȻֿ˿ŴЩˣһΡ


1381 
ʱ򣬾ʶУٴδߣ£磬Ȼǿ󣬵һ壬Ҳ߲ȥ
īһ˵ĲˡȺ֪ˣͲʲôŮ棬ʣ¶ٸˣ
īѾٸ˵ʲôˣٸ˵˵ΪĴڣԭĴûκζѣͬҲΪĴڣʹСӴһֱƽ𣿡
Ůӵϣʱ¶ŵ顣
ЩСӴĴ񣬸һš
̫ˣ
Ů˲굽ʲôزǶûī˵ȫ
ҲĿųīˣ֪֪ĸڵǸӣһʮˣ֮⣬Ѿˣ
ǸòªʱѾ˿ڣɫЩ԰ףҲ̲ס˵СӴ֮ǰСӴҲһֱ̫ƽ޹ûãɷͱ
ʱ򣬳īһȥ䡣
ڨڨĸĿڣɷˡ
ôģīʵ
£һ˶ûУ߽ӹ
ī룬˵ڴ֮ǰûз飬𣿡
ߵͷûУ
Ӵڶˣīʵ
룬˵ҽѾˣӡѾˣ
꣬īаզ࣬治䷲˰ķˣֻа겻Ԫлǧģ˿Ԫĺܡ粻֪ͬȻҲͲͬ
ǣڶˣǲдӵʱ򣬾īʵ
ǱٶȴһΣУ˱ŰϢߣ
ѾЩ߳ŭˣ
īΪһ˵
һĵСӴػƬϣÿӵĴڣһػػڣЩӵˣ綼Ұ޸Ըɾˣ
ػô
īЦ氵ûЩػ񡱣ǵӦûһŶԡ
һĿųī벻ҪѻɵĿ⣬׼ǵػˣʲôǶ֧ġһ¡˵ţһָŮӣߡ
īЩͬĿһߣ𾳽Ĵڰ棬Ѿǳɵľǿߡȴ֪ꡣ
ǵĴӣѡī˵Ŭ
ˣҲҪԵ֡һһˣû˾ȵû
һִĵֻҪߣӴ˺κ飬޹أ
Ѿ˵ϣīҲѾ˵Ĺ׵ˡţȺСӴˣҲڻˡˣȻԼĹ۵㡣Ҳûʲô˵ˡ
īŮӣһЦߵȷȱһչʳˣ֪ǷԸ⣿
ɩɩˣ
ƺһѻŮΪɩڡīѾˣŮӦ飬ǳ֮ǰһСɩɩ»᲻ԼĹȥ
ԺôŮˣīʱûáǣһ׼𾳽ĴܣǴûϵͳģŻʡ־츳׿ˣһʼĽ϶ޱȿֲġ
Ķĺã
ңҪô۸ҪôҲգȥء
ٸһԥĿųīСӴ壬ԭֻһΪ޼ҿɹ飬һ棬һ㣬ΪܰǸˡܹʱʱ̵̿ȥһСӴ˶Ŀ̡Ѿȥˡ˵ù˴СӴĹȥ
ʱ򣬳ī˵磬⾫ʣҲΣգʱпܻ棬κ˵һ֮ˣЩǼ㡭Ǻǣ˵ҪΪء
ٸһãĿųī˵ⷬ˼ȷһ£ӢÿС翴ֻͬȴûκε
Щк͵͵ȫһЩкһģʵϣ͵УԸȥİ࣡
СӴЩˣҲȫŵĿŮӡΪʲôûӲϳȥҪΪǸȥɷСӴӢµꡣСӴ˴̫ĺô
ŮףȻĿסķӣȻŮޱȵ񣬵ȥɷֻߡԼ뿪Ǿòˡ
Ůӿųīǳһ࣬ʵ棬Ĳ˳𣿡
īҡͷᣬΣա
ǰȻΣˣ
Ҳһ֣ҲͬΣա
ŮӺȻһЦ˵ʵҲΣյġҲΣաֻǲЦ
СӴߺܶ϶¶һ˿֮ɫªһЩ꺺ǣޱ飬޶ԡǵУŮ˾һĲ֮ˣֻҪ뿪ôͷСӴ͵þٰһʢף뿪
īͷ˵ǣʰʰ߰ɡ
ŮͷӦһ
ʱΧЩСӴ񣬰ڵˣȫ̲סһ¶Ȼı飬һϲá
ĿеǸֻˣ
Ҫ뿪СӴˣ
ǸªȻϲ
Щڴܺǣһ󲻿ɶƵĻ
ٸɫ԰˼֣ǵãɷŵʱЩСӶϲҲϲǣһЩóԵĸЩӡǸʱ򣬶ð
ٸϣ¶һĨԳЦݣҲûʲôҪߵģһУɡ
Ǹª˵㻹ǰĶ߰ɣǻͷҪյǲĶ
īǳ˼£Ǹٻ˼ǧ׼۷徳ֺݺݳƵĳ嶯ˣԼԹñˡ
ͨˮͨݳܶණڵĹ֮֮ǰûж֣ΪûôǿʢҪֵʱŮӼ޹ˡһֱѹƵ졣
˵ǿҪСӴˣϣٸϽ
ٸ㶣Ȼͷһ߹ȥĬĬĻȥʰˡ
ʱǸߣĿһ۳īûж˵ʲôŹȣתҲ뿪ˡ
ЩˣҲɢȥ󣬾ֻʣ¼ˣҪۿȥŷġ
һٸһ߹һԼס˼ǶݣȻСӴĹصķһۡȥһԼķףЩˣȥġûᣬѡˮ
īһۣԴĵ뿴ɷһ棿Ҫò˶ãٻͲˡ


1382 Ҷ
ʶУǹǲһһΣīûйëֱһ籩ȥʱɪɪҶӵһءҲҳųīҰˡ
߰ɡīŮ˵
ߵڣŮЩĿһҶɫżְˣȻ첽ȥ
ܿ죬˾ԶСӴ壬߳ȥټʮٸ治ɫģīЦʵ㲻𣿡
Ůҡҡͷ·۵ġ
ˣ֪ءīŮӣճī
ҽҶࡣŮӵҶӵҶɫࡣ
ãԺҾͽˣ˵и㣬Ҳ壬ȴ峺塣ī˵
ŶҶƺ̸ܲǳīһ䣬ʹһ䣬īʣͲڡΪīĻϣ˺ܶ࣬ȴȻûܳ״ӹȥӰ߳
˺ܳʱ䣬һСɽϡɽһƬƽĵطīһۣ˵ʱסһʱ䣬Щ飬Ҫ㹵ͨһ¡
Ҷ࿴һΧĻȻżֺ棬ȴûжȥһ䣬ûܴ֮ǰнѳ
˵ҲǱƵͶ·ˡȻҲܾһȫʶҲϤİ뿪Լļ԰еǹɱܹõ
ԣ´˿гɻ󣬱˵ΪʲôˣסĶЩ⣬жСȴһ䶼ʡ
ī˵İɣһЩ鷢֪ӦúȻСӴ㣬ҲӦòϣǳʲôɣ
Ҷ࿴һ۳ī˵ҶѾˣǻܳʲô⣿
īЦҡҡͷڣ㶼ȻҵĻ֪뿪СӴ壬ҪҲʵڴȥˡûϵЩ飬ܿͿӡ֤ġ
ī˵ţֱӴӲȡһݡ
ǵģһ൱ľݡľݺܴңһ޴ĻһƷһӦȫ
ľݻһ֮רġ棬µŮ˵Ϣī˼ˣ꣬һƬᡣ
ҶǱˣûмô˵طйߵĴ˵Щ˵Ƭһ硣
ƾձһݵֶΣҶ࿴Ҳֻд˵еˡ
ųīĿ͵ʵ𣿡
īЦҡҡͷҲֶΣպҲСιһ°ɡҪͨ飬еࡣ
ҶһãȻĸųīⶰ޴־ľݣīָԼҵҵķ䣬䷿ûסˣѡһס
ҶĿŷĳ裬̫Ķûмġû˵˵֪Щʲôãôˡ
桭סŮˣҶĿһЩƷϣʶʵ漴͸оԼʧҪǸ
īЦûҵӣڲ
ոյܿܰҲҶ͵͵˵
ûīͷŮˡ
ǡΪʲôûһأҶŵʵ
ԭкܶ࣬Ժһһֱһġī˵
ܸԼ˳أҸ顣Ҷ˵һ䣬һĨŨŨİˡܿ죬ΪĿˣ
ȻûгԼ񣬵ܹƾձһݣҶ࿴Ҳֻˡ
ԣ˵ЩӦöģ˵粻˳ЦңӦҲģ
㿴˵ˣܻкǲҵĺѾأҶšȻųīЩӣȴĵӣЩҶ붼֪ôãԽ𣿡
īвһƬҶ࣬ЦԣȻˣ
󣬳īʹһŮˣסطԳī˵ûκ뷨ˣߵĺ֪ǡЩ꣬ˮڣһûôէһŮ˶ģ˵ףǳīһ濰ƶ콾Ůӻط
һ磿ľݵſڣԶСӴķ򣬳īʵ
Ҷ룬˵һͨѽҴСˣҲϲΣڻҰҰУкܶޡҵɷ򣬾ڻҰ޵ʱ򣬱һֻ޸ҧˣˡǴĺΣգرˡÿ궼ˣҰҧ
Ҷ̾Ϣţûܻȥҡ
ôܹ㣿޹ءīҶࣺңЩ飬ȥˣͺã÷µʱ򣬾Ӧ÷¡
ţѾˡҶ˵ţȻ˵ÿһЩ꣬ͻһߡǶ߳⣬ʵԭġ
ҶĽīЩһˡ
طӦþɣȴӦıԵ˵һ磡
֮ڣûߣÿˣȫӵԪľ磡ȻԼ֪£κεߣҲûи߹Щ
ԣҶ˾Ӧûô˵ǸߣСӴĴ峤Ѿ꣬£Ӧûܻǧꡣ׷俴ȫ˼飬ȴƽ
ЩżȻߣȫǳײУҲǳ꣬һЩӵˣͨ𹥻
³ĶӣôġһЩ˵ˣôģЩ˶رʹޡҶ˵ЩߣҲǸˡ
˵ţСĵĿһ۳īЩ߲һ
īĬĬĵͷѾˣҶеߣӦþЩˡСĴ뵽Ȼ󳹵ˣԼľΪսطȫһ
ɱ⣬ȴȻڣԲŻֹˡ벻գΪˣȻûΪǵȴ
˵Ԫôط˿ӦúܶǣΪʲôÿӾֻмٸˣطд𣿡īʵ
ҶҡҡͷЩߵĵȻãһŮˣͻʧȥطӤزۼʣҲܸߡСӸճʱġܹǳסطҲû̫ĳУĵطһЩˡϵ˿ڶ࣬ҪȴӸ
֪Щڶ𣿡Ҷ࣬īٴ⡣
Ҷ࿴һ۳īΪʲôôĳɼأЩׯػߣػÿҰγ޳Ҫӵʱ򣬶ֺ֣
ôīЦЦ֪ÿһҰޣԼĵ̡ԼĵϣȡûȡҰ޷Ұأô
ҶĿЩ͵ĿųīȻǡ˵


1383 
īͷ˼
ԣġҶ粵ˣǶ飬Ƕػеء
ɷôģīȻʵ
ҶʱĬˣβ˵Ҽ޹ĵڶ꣬һͻȻ˵ͷۣȻ˵ʲôڳ塣ҵʱŻˣ֪ôˡҪȥˣܿͦסˣȻ󡭡Ȼ˾ˡ
ţЩȥĺӣôģīʵ
ҶüȻ˵붼
ʲô
֪ҽҲʲô
һʱ֮𣿰ɷҲЩӡīʡ
ҡҵЩˣʱ򣬻£Ҳûκ˿ڡооҶüͷ𵱳Ļ棬ϴżֿ־壬ҲŨŨıˡ
оʲôīʵ
оǡǵһҶһâƶ˵ԣǵ񣬿ôǼˡ·ǵϣһûСˣӦ𣿡
ǵģˣȻʧȥеľ񣬵˵ģȫһ¡ī̾һҶ˵طЩӣЩӤһЩ޵ˣٵͻȻеЩˣ˵ļˣǰǸӵˣʵǶǱеɱˡ
⣬ôܣġҶһ֮ɫ˵ĲԡػǵģЩ߶ԴǾʱ񶼻֣ƺǿ󡭡
ػߣ顣ֹѾ뵽ÿһ˵
ȥһϵͽ˵ŷ飬ʵаģϲǿȵͽ˵ӵҪɱ㣡
Ϊŷ飡
ҶȻǿȵͽϺܸмīСӴһֶΡûкܼҵĻӦī֮ǰЩСӴĴɡǳīһʼסǣǻī˵񲻺֮󣬰ѳīж˿ģ
ʵҪ֤£ͦ򵥵ġīҶࣺԭֻҪž͹ˡݵûСӴֻҲҪˡԣȲΪܸе񵽵ô£ǿȥһ¡
ţҶ࿴ųīûжҡȫųī˵аġ
ȥǴӿһۣ֪ˡīҶࣺȥǴӵ񣬻ڲ
ȻԶҶ˵ţȻüͷųī뿪
Ǿʹȥˡīʵ뵽˸ණ
һ磬ʲôƿ磿ЩһȺʲô飿ڳīȥľУûоô顣
һȺӦͨ쳹رʿȴͨһԭ磬һֱƵֲߣȻǶһĻǵϡ
СӴڵȻǿ˵һܣǾǣȺһ磻ΣкܶࡣΪһ壡
вīĺ£óī߲硣
Ҳ˵֪īģҲ֪īҪ뿪ī̫صĳͻֻǾīٹ¡˼ˡ
īСӴڵֻҪǷ϶ǺֲܿġԷȴǶʲôɵһ㣬ҲԸȥǣ
ī֪ԼǷݾĸ׸µģȻĸȴ͵طǾһġԣīҪ취ҿܣ
һ˻ʶЩˣжֲгһգܴȺˣ뿪硣ǽ뵽Ҳһޱȿֲս
һˣ׼ľ磡
ֻ꣬ʲô
£򣬶ᱻ𺳵ɣ
ȻЩͷڳīֻһŵĳΣûбơҪȵҿ֮󣬲һȥʵ֡
ĿǰҪһ飬ĵһˣаģǵػߣ
īҶ࣬ҶҲųī˫Ŀⶼܼᶨ
ǸطҲٻȥ̫ġҶ
ҷλԼȥī˵
ȥ
īͷ
Ҷ࿴ųīҾȥȻᣬͻȻҵĵˣȥǡ
󣬳īҶСɽԶȥ
ǶӣҶЩĻͷһۣȴȵķ֣СɽϣǶֺܴܾľݣѾʧˡʱīĿУٴγ̾
īЦЦҲûȥ͸ࡣΪЩ飬Ҫ֮󣬲Żס
ҶԭڵǸӣʯͷ塣ΪܵǴССʯͷһСӣʯͷĴʶҶ߳īʼվãʯͷСӴáΪɷŲ뿪ʯͷ塣
ʯͷСӴԼٶ·̣īһʼǵҶ࣬ûߵ̫졣Ҷе㲻ͷˣ˵ߵ̫ˣȥҲ
īһۣǼ٣
ҶͷȻʼ
һܣʱѳīһΪٶȣȻ˿ȳīƺӦĻÿһʮԶƵʷǳߡ
īȫǿҶౣͬһϡҶЩȵĿһ۳ī㻹ͦģ
īĸоݺ꣬¡ҲǰҫٶȡȴҶһ֪Ů˸ˡֻǶԳī˵ֳޣֱȷ̻Ҫ̡
˿ٶȶʱ˺ܶ࣬ڰ֮ǰʯͷ塣
ԶԶģһϵСׯͳǰҶָǸ㿴Ǿҵļˣǿţǿأôˣ
ҶɫһӾͱˣǳ԰ףʧȥ˼Ѫɫͣסţһ˫Уŵɫ૵ΪʲôˣΪʲôΪûҪô
úɣػߣôʯͷһҹ֮ȫˣīЦǲôô뿪ֻչ㹻ľ
ī˵ţ̾˿磬ܲн־ƫƫģÿһ˶ӵмߵľ硣ôǵ嵱УȻҲǾĵطˣ
֪ʲôɵԭ򣬵ȴѾȷЩɱɾ
ǹȥһֱţȡһ֣ػߵĸоһ죬ٽͻƣ˿뿪ʱһ棬ͻ᳹¶
Ǹʱ򣬲еӡûκ
ôΪʲô뿪ҶãȻվǣʧ૵
䣡
䣡
ʱԶһͳ·о·
һޱȾ޴ĲһһɽƳųīҶ߶
ī䣬ɭȻ˵̲סҪ𣿡


1384 
ҶһȻ⣬ʲôطô·
·ǴһôˣīһϷʣȻĶ곯߹Ĺ
ߵĺ̫ˣÿһضɽҡġʵϣҪȳīȫٱٶȸ죬գ֮䣬Ѿ˳īҶǰ
ûиīκεĽֱӻӶһ֦ͬһ˳ìֱӴī
Ҷ෢һʶľҪڳīǰһֱܣηıܡκ顣
漴Ҷ͸оԼһᣬȻͷԼӵ˳īͦԶĵطһ£ȥʲôǱߵսѾչˣ
ֿ졢ֺݡּң
ɱɱҶûиܹġ
һĨ貵ĵ⣬·ʱһ̫ҫˣ̵۾Щۡ
ţһͳ˻ȻĲȻ󣬾гǧƬҶͬɵһ㣬ǵأͷķ
ſ£
ҶĶУֻīһȣȫȥʲôֱſ˵ϡо֧Լɹһ˲䣬۾
ֲ̫ˣ
ʲôʱ˿ֲˣȻ˷𹥻ѵΪ˹ߵҶ̲סǻˣְ֣ͣͣ
ڣĹȻΪаģȻЩִΪʯͷĴ񣬿϶ʲô飬뿪ǰΪߵݡ
ĺûеõκλӦ
˫ļսȻڽţ
ո֦Ѿīһնϣڣʮ
ⶫ˵ֱ޾룬ÿһɱ˵
ԣͲһ֦նϡָоһʧһëһûо
īӶеĺµնٸ֦辣ȻŹı幥˹ȥ
ֵطû취ʩչֻͨͨսķʽս
ī޾壡
Ȼֲ̫ܿӴˣȫɽ£Ҫȥң
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ķǿͬʱ趯ǰ룬·ǧǿ߻Ӷì໥ϣۺΪǰ룬Լģ
ͬһìҪī赲
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һԱʯͷСӴǿܶ񣬾ȻƬ֮䣬ͱӸɱˣ
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ȻĹҶȻΪûҲʶīдֻǼīɱиеѹܸӡ
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ֱ仯ֱ̫ˣ
ȻֻһСķ𣬿ϣȻɢһɾ޴Ĵȱ
ҪϵĲǿ̫౶
ǣīЩ㲻ˣһѣȻ󻯳һ𣿻б̵
ӷ𡭡񣬶ųīһȱһš
ҶһãȻΪ֪ʲôǷֻСĹâС˶ϳһľ
ī俴ŶС񣺡װŪ


1385 棡
Сķ񣬻Ʈ˹Ʈīǰһׯ࣬УŨŨĴȱȥǳƽͣһ׽ĸо
ӷллʩ֡СķĶԳīл
ǷŵˣīüطûзŵӰɱһôһ¶͸ŹŹ֡
ˣīûж˵ʲôֻƽĿСķû˵
һȱ˵ʩԸ˵һ𣿡
ҶվڳīһĴŮӣȫǵͷֿ˵ǵҲ˵еɵûʲô˼
īȻЩ꾭ʵ̫ˡ֮أѪħ涡Ǹң˺̵һΡ飬īûپ˵ľ͸ˡ
ˣ񣬳īû̫ĻӦֻǵ˵˵˵
ƶɮµ档ûī̬ȣһƵĽԼ
£棿īһɻ֮飬ʣû˵£Ӧһ֮ءʲôЩڣ
£Ƿأ𡣡ûӣ˵ƶɮһʼһ㻯ҲΪһ𡣡
أ
Ȼܶ϶Գķ˵ǲ滰īѾ֪Է϶ͷġ
űʧʧ֮ǰָ㣬Ҫ׻ƴԣŵһȺˣ뿪ǰ׻ƴ򡣡˵ţ¶ֻ֮ɫ
ī⣬Ѿ˼֣Ϊû֪׻ƴڵݣǰʶƵġ
ƶɮȴԸԶ׻ƴ򣬾÷ʧҸط𷨡ǣ⴦Եشķӡ֮ء˵
ӡ֮أīüͷһ£˵˵ط𣿡
ͷӷ𣬵Ȼԡ⴦ӡ֮أ˵ֵʱ䣬Ҫ磬Ƭϣž޵ߡܶܵǵءϧطһЩ⡣أϹŴܲòַӡ˴˵ءǣƬһӡ֮ءط̫ˡҲƶɮ֮󣬲ŷֵġ
īţҶ࣬ѾĿɿڴ˶Щ£Щ֮˵ʲôȴܸо˵ģƺڵ磬ŷǳشĹ
˵ƶɮ֮ڴˣҪﴫҷŴȱն
īͷһֱ۵ЩΪǳԱ˳ŵģԼˣô࣬˼ôӣܶȵùģÿ˶ԼԵˣԼܶԼ˭ܶȣһЩҵģֱָŵĽ⡣νķسɷһɱӯҰ죬Ƿܱɺˣ
Ȼ֧Ҳڶ࣬ϾƣҲһõ׷ܹȻȥƣҲһ顣
ԴˣīĹ۵㣬ܶȾͶȣȲ˲Ҫǿܵ˵īǱȽϿɷŵּġ٣ûʲô캦顣
Цȴû뵽طˮ̫ˣϹŴܵӡĿģҲδؾ˵򵥡ң磬ûκн綼еľûСЩ飬뿪뿪ûа취ȥƿ⴦ӡ֮صıϣѾþҼȫ
˵ţһ۳īǸʱ򣬱ϸȫһӡǳǿ󡣡
īͷ˼
ŵԣҷ粢ʺϴʱѾû뿪ˡ˵Ȼ뿪ҲһΪƿıϣȻһЩڵĲֻҪ뿪ôҿ϶Ҳ˶á
ҶͷˮīȴܲµЩܵĽܶϴ֮ġǲ³֣ǵһּͿһĴս
ٺҷ֣Ȼӡˣеˡ棬ȴȫ̺޾ľʩҲӦ÷ˡˣǲȫʲôǵȴȫŲ˼ĺҲ൱ľ硣˵
īٴεͷȷСӴ壬ѾʶˡߵҶ࣬ȫ
Ҳ˵ҪȥҪǿ󣬵õ뿪ͱ롭濴һ۳īֿһ۳īҶࣺɱˣ
Ҷ壬΢΢һ£ɫʮֲ԰סڣȻеţô߳ԳĴڶô˵ô£ʮа˾ţī˵
ôܣôҶһģ˱ҲһƬãȻ
ƶɮǴӷųģǱԵ㻯ġ˵ƶɮôȥ飿˺˵飬κһˣ
Ҳķˡīʱڽһ䡣
û濴ųī˵ԣƶɮѡԲţƶɮʱĴ󣬾˼ӣҽ飬ںϵЩȥ
˵ţϣ¶һ˿ɬı飺κ飬䣬һԼ֤ݡŽĴԿաƶɮΪԿ˴ĻҸԴ
˵鲼Щȫīʵ
鴫еĽǶȣ˵˵ƶɮֻҪһڹĺۼû뵽Ȼƶɮϵӣȴѡ񡣡
Ҷʱ̲ס㣬˵ѣǺˣǶػߡ
濴һҶ࣬̾˿Ůʩ֪鲻ġλʩնɱƶɮһ飬Ҳ޷ѹҪ֪𾴵ʲôҿԸ㿴
˵ţǰգͻȻһ档
ļеĻ档
һСһӵڴһ㳤ҶҲڲϵķű仯
ɴ֮ΪҪɳҪ֣ʼ⣬Щϡڣһγ֡ѡģȴһոȥˡ
ˣѾ꣬Ӧ޵֡
͵͵Ľһ룬˵Ĺءţ˵壬һۿɼٶȣøɱ
󣬳һֻʣһƤĺǡ
ͨ
Ҷֱӵڵϣ˫ĿãȻ˶ˡ
ⳡζġ
⻹ʲôõ˴Ĵһҹ֮䣬øӸߴͦˡȥǳƯ
ÿ·ˣ鲻Խĳ޼
ʱһĹȥÿһȥˣᱻо
һ죬Ѿ˲Щˡ
Ϊˣ̫ˣ
Ҫȵһޣ̫ѣҲ̫ЩȲˡ


1386 а
ǺܸߵҲһ£ģĽЩϵľɣôɿֻţЩȫԶԶ룬ʹԺѰѡͬҲ桭Ȼ֪仰Ƕġ
ԣȲЩɣӶ̿룬Ҫĵõôô죿
ʼĿͶЩոճûõĺӣЩСӸոճ࣬ǳأǲҪͿӵмԪӳ𣬺嫵ľѾǵˣ
ԣոճСϣͬ
еɱ¾ʼˡ
һʼǺģһŰɱһոճӤڣԽԽ޼ɵԽԽ֡ƽÿӤֻҪһ
ļ仭УĿոճӤһҡѽѽȥǳҲǳӤĸĸһϲĿԼıǵü䣬ȴѾĿһĨơ
Ϊʲô
ΪճӤ̫ˣ
ߵǵսľ
ܶ˲ԸӣĸĸϣԼոճûõĺͻȻ˭飿
ǵĸ׵ģʮ»̥ô࣬װѺ˶ãȴҪɥ֮ʹ
ʹȻҶͳīûкӵˣͬܡ˵ӵĸ
ǻУӤ۾ޱȣǳϸϸĸӵһ˲䣬Ӥ̲סʼԤеһʼ
ʱ򣬺ӵĸףѺӱι̣ǵĺźӡ
ȻǸϸϸϢߡӵĿ֣Ҳʱֹͣ
ֻʱģ
ҹ˾˶˯˵ʱٶȳˡ
ӤѴˣѾǷĸ뵽嵱ȥ
Ȼ󣬴ľ˳Ÿע뵽嵱СƵĺܺãûеӤȫߡֻǴӤһٰ롣ȻͷӤ֮аĸŻٴγ֣ӤһƤǵá
̫ҡ
̫а
ûѪԣȴĵðĸо
ǻ棬ҶѾҿȥˣԼ۾ȥˮȴ˳ָʳ
ֻ棬̫ġīĿȥ
һס۾ˮ˳ָʵҶ࣬˵ŷ񣡡
ôôҶĿ⻭棬״ݻһ룬Ҫĸо
֮ǰСӴЩ࣬Ҳֻ޿ĸоȴûʹ飡
仭еֳ棬кܶࡣ黯һǲϵоƺڳꡣ
īĿһۣЩ飬֮ǰһ㶼֪𣿡
ֹͣоɬĵԲűǿգ֪£첻ʩɱֻƶɮһѣƶɮҲԶ֪ʲô
˵ô죿ɱȺīɱڵĿ棬Լɱ⡣
һ飬ԶԶٻеһϵĿųīԣʩҪɱʮռʮҵ飬ںһ֮󣬲ӵٻȻһٻеʱʩûǡˣ
󣬳ųīʩȻзţӷ𡣡
ϣʲôСīеĺµâ𲻶ʾǿŭ
濴һ۳īһƽƶɮ֪н죬һӡ
ãҹ㡣ȽҵĿռɡī˵ţֱӷſ˲ڲռ䡣һˣʲôСڲᱻֱӷӡһ£
һ۽ܸߣȻһϳ˲
īһĨɱ⣬ʲôûж˵
Ҳû˵ģֻԴĿһ۳īȻֱӷɽ˲УȻ˲䱻ӡס
īһ۶ڵҶࣺˣ
Ҷ಻𻰣Ȼڿã˵ҡ뿴һۡҵĸĸ
īˣ뿴Լĸĸǲı仭Ǹӡ˵ףȴִµŮˣȻһġ
ȷ
ī֮ǰСӴ嶯÷ˮͨݵʱʵѾоСӴĹغܲԾˡ⣡ǸطһأһûУ
ܶ˿ܶΪĹֵطӦʵԡĹڵĵطͨ˵ȽءȴģνӺˣαӻ
ʯͷĹأҶûīīȴѾ֪ʲôطˡΪСӴĹһʯͷĹأͬ
ȷңҪһۣҶ޺˫ۣһᶨĿųī࡭ĻôӴ˺Ҿ͸ڹߣϴźӣԸΪӵˣ
֮ǰԸⰡīֹһ䣬ЩĿһҶ࣬̾һ߰ɣҴȥ
㣬֪ʲôطҶʮֳԾĿųīҺû˵
ǡīһЩЦʯͷĹأСӴһûһҪô˵ţһȣʯͷĹط߹ȥ
һʱ֮Ҷ෢һУУ;ȻʧʹޣԼĸķǰ޵ʹȥ
ˣʲôˣ
ߴĸƤǵãʹĵ¡ˣֱӱˡ
о̫ǿޣȥ֮ȻҲḯáԣóɹͷܵ顣
˵ɾʬ壬ǹͷܣ滹һƤء
ǻ棬ȻīּˣҲЩͷƤ顣ͬʱеŭ𣬸ʢ
ߣȥɱСӴֻīҶ࣬˵
ʱҲСӴЩǵ̬ˣҲãҲաЩҡ࣬аĶͲӦô䡣ȫɱ⣬һüͷ
ҶһĵͷʱҲѾȥСӴЩ˶ĲпĮˣ֮£ϣܽеȫɱɾ
Щˣѩޣ
īҶڶ֪ڣСӴֻѾչһɱ¾
׵ģǸߣǸªȺˣΪЩˣСӴ壬սߣҲϾŨģ
һΣѾΣ
ֱøȺˣȻγһ޴СӴֱӷס
СӴ壬ʼϴһ־Ŀ޺У͸޾ľͺڡ


1387 
ǵڲףԭǸ˵һжģԷǣ࣬ȴĮӦԷǸ߸࣬ҲҶಢһǣΪҶĴڣû̫ϧȫûȥûе¡£СӴȺ˳ӶҪˡ
һԲ̫˵ľСӴ⼸ٴ˲䶼ᱻɱĻڵĻᶼûСֻǽ첻Ӧеز飬ûκΰ취ӳط
īҶһ·񱼣СӴԶԶľͿһ߸ϵСӴϿգȻ룬γһ̵СӴ壬ȫӡ档ԼлСӴдĿ
ӣȾǰɣҶһⳡ棬ͼˣᶼҪ
īһҶ࣬и̾Ů˵浥û˵ܶˣʱ¶ϲһġԼѿдʲô
Ʊж񱨣ûҪһ߳ίһ߻Ҫǣ
Ե±ԹԱ£
īʲôŮⲢ͵Ҷࡣ
ġīҶһοֳֺµֱӳѾȫӵһ߹ȥ
ߣٹ£޼ɵγ
ʱСӴеĿһͣΪҲЩŵˣȫ¶ϲ֮ɫ
ˣ
̫ˣˣ

СӴеЩҴߣ˿ȫ̲ס
īĿҲøͨʲôֱӾͳ
Ҳŭˣ֮ǰǳīôߡ뱻ƻĺ£ѾûҪʲôˡ
ǧͬǧ֧ìųīֱӴ̹
ֱһɱ
ֲܶͨĵطֱǻ𼶵ġ
ľ˵ˡԳī˵ǡ
µ趯һ£ɱݺᣬ˲жٸĸûһīкµնֱӾͽסСӴĸһȻһͳ˽
ʧ˵ʲôߣȴдһսĸоѾʩչȫȴȻܽԷôƿ˽ȥ
߻û취ԸīͻȻ͸оԼĸһȣ
ã

һӾͱ
û˲ӵϱмʮɸߡ
֮ǰСӴĸҲ˲ֻһƴĴԼȼɫ档
ϧⲻǷ
Ҳܶκε˺
ʱ򣬴СӴĴӳԼļţŴȥ
ī򾲾վ̧ͷűյ
СӴȺӳȥ֮󣬷Ǹǳ˺ܳʱĹѸվڴڴǵĿûκεֻ˵֮ɫ
ˣȫʶͣ˽ŲȻתͷǸվСӴеӰЩˣȫĬˡ
˵ڣǻܶҶ෢Ǿǳûˡ
мܺӣ֪Լո˶ΣգҶ࣬ʶģ볯ʯͷȫԼĴ˺ݺݵĳ˼ơˡ֪£ȴףʲô
һܺӻһǿʵǰôʱǲǴкƾʲôң
ĸףҲһ꺺ӣ߸ߵİ־ȴô鲻ȥˡȻһӶڵϣ̲סʹ
ǸܺӱŴˣ֪ԼԵĸΪʲôͻȻ޴Ŀ
Ĳ㣬㸸ףǡһߣ̾Ϣ߹ǸӣȻ˵Ҷǻˣĺˡ
˵ţҶ࣬ʩһ񣺡ԲǰǴˡ
ԲǰǴˣӳȺСӴȫҶ񣬳ϿҵĵǸ
Ҷˮһӿȴû˵һ仰ԭٵŮˣڵѺ͹ҲһӰûСīȾЩˡЩ顣
ȺСӴˣҲûҶ֮ǰеʹǵǸȻҲǷĵģģȴһּԼѹ
ʲôƣƣЩԻôóڣ
ʱܵĻ棬Ѿ׽ˡ
ͬʱҲԵõľԣÿһһ
Ƭ֮ͳ
Ȼһˣһ֮ǰīʯͷɱ֮󣬳ֵ顣
īûȺСӴĴȻѾ֪аˣǲʲôīҲжôģֻϣȺˣԺܳѵ𶯲Ǹġһ
ӡһ֮󣬳īصҶߡСӴдԭͶԳīη壬ǱޱȾηҪлȴ鲻ǰҹ
īҲûȤЩлĻαζ֮ǰȺ˵˻Ȼ򣬻֮ͨܶ飬ĺܶණȴ̫仯ΪǱԡ
ɽ׸ģơһ㶼š
߰ɣīһҶࡣ
ҶųīȻһЦͷõعӣ߰ɡ
ĽᣬѾ״ˣ
СӴ壬Ϊеһξһμ䡣ӽ磬һ
Ҷ
Ҷתһһںһ֡
ҶŲ΢΢һ١
ڨڨ˵Ǹ㣬ԻСӴסߡ˵㡭ô
ҶǰʱһĨĸж֮ϣ¶һĨį֮ɫû˵ֻҡҡͷȻ󣬱һĿųīӣ߰ɡҴȥһӡ
īͷҲûЩһֱۣȥˡ
ԶˣɫڱЩѿ̲ס˾Ǽˣһúÿˣˡ֪ܣ
ǰ˵⻰϶һȺ˸͡
ȴ֪Ϊʲô˵֮󣬾ȻûһӦЩڨڨ̧ͷȴ˼ʮ˫ŭ۾
һ꺺ӿһŭĵô䶼ȥ𣿻ҪոմˣˣȻתͷ㻹𣿡
ߣǱǱߵġǰһ俴һȴ¶˼˼ҲˣһŸǡҪˣһŮӣһĿ
ЩȻûгָȫ


1388 ֮
Щˣӵϳ鶯ţҲǡҲǡ
Щ˶ûһȫתŴӵķȥҪ԰ҪȥЩ˰ź¡ͬʱҲҪú÷˼һԼΪʲô֮ǰҶộ˼˵˵һ䡣ҪԼϵȱ㲻ףͨոֱ֣ȴܺ׵ĸоǰԼж֡
ˣī߾񶼲̫һҶ࣬Цʵ
ţ϶ˡҶû뵽ôˣԼΪʲôûܸһ㷢֡
磬ûжܹ¡Ⱥ̺ܸ߰ī̾
ЩʱҲȫЩ֪۽̫ණ󣬿磬û־顣͸Ҳ֮ˡ
ǵþ죬ҪֹЩɱ޹ˡ˵⻰ʱҶźĹâ
еɵɵͦɰīţӿ˲
Ҷָ£īʱ䣬ռʮ顣֮ǰʯͷռһ㣬һʮһˡﵽ֮ǰ˵
ÿնɱһֻīͻֻоѵЩǽࡣСӴʱĲͬǣīնɱЩʱǻûüױ¶ԼԣīҲȺףԼɱǵ񣬶ŷ񣬱а顣
Ȼкܶţīаߡ֮ǰСӴЩĴǷӦࡣīҲգֻڿĹصķĹȻˡ
а֣Ҿ뵽ԼҶ౧ϥǣڲݵϣԶƽϵϦ˵
īͷֻҪǰе㱳һЩʵҲνϾҲһ󹦵¡
Ҷ۾ĿųīȥҶĿУѾЩˡϲֻǵĳݡ֮ǰĳ֡
īԳЦЦ˵Ҳɡ
гȫ飬ںһγһߵķ񣬶ųīзţӷʩд󹦵£
īƲƲ죺ˣ˵ЩûõˣϽʣµЩȫٻĴ󹦵£
ӷƶɮͷʼٻЩ
Ƭ֮ԶͿʼ¡¡һ˷ƶƻΪЩ̫ӴˡʵϣǵٶȺܿ졣
գۼ䣬ѾΧһȦһȦľĳǽīҶΧ档ͷЩ֦辣գӡʵʵâ䲻ˡ
ԶиϵĸϹ
ӴīЩզࡣ
ǧţ
󣬳īĿߵ񣬵˵ǷֿҪŻǡ
ӷô鷳ȵеĶϹһеѣǾͻˡߵһׯϵ˵
ī̲סЦ˵棬ҿȥôƭҳľô׳գģö̶ֳˣһվߵģ
ӷʩˡʮһںһγɵߵķׯϣһȱųīƶɮ
ˣƶɮˣװĲ𣿡ī˸ۣһЦ
ԵҶ࣬򳹵״סˣЩ죬һֱųīһ𣬲£ͷβȴδʲô֮Ϊʲôӻô˵
Ҷһµı飬īЦЦ˵ʵ𣿡
ҡҾǡҶ˵ţɫ΢ĵͷûйôмʶ
īһЦȻ黯ɵķ˵İΧȦѾγˣαأһҲҪ˺ġô㲻ãƭң͵ϮҰɣ
黯ųīȻһƽʹȱʩôģ˵ƶɮûʲôط¶
īЦ㶼Цϼһҿطʱ̫ãеɵˡΪһ棬Բ֮飬뵽Լ嵱СЩʲôȫ֪УԲˣ鳾һнԿյĻŵͨȷǿ󣬵㡭ͲʲôŵһԼˣ
ⲻȫɡ黯ɵķȻһɻĿųī㻹û˵
˵бҪ𣿡īЦǧ龫ȻٺΪһ塣ò˵ƣˣҲ˵ϻˣֻҪ֪ѾʶˡãҲӦټеķôһսҲԿˣ
㲻Ӧ֪ģϣûʶơߣҲӦʶң鲻ԳƶɮӣҲһķ˱仯һСӡ
СߣӲӵģ൱ҫۣɢӴѹ㿴ˣͲܻˡ
Լôšī˵ţһʱһȦݺչȥ
һСҲ棿ߵĽɫСһҡһǿĲͬһɷ籩˲佫˻ȥ
ī趯µֱնС硣
ɱ»ԣСֱնȥһȻǿĵ
ܣСƴҡɢһĹâҪ»ԣͬʱŵľ
ͬʱīҶΧסЩҲʼĳ˷𹥻īûʲô治ЩҶ಻аҪǳīĻһĹסֱӾ͵䡣
ԳīڹСͬʱͽҶֱӸӽ˲ȥҶľȣīҲ⡣
ϣ
µ֮
顣ǵ֮Իǿҡ
ܹԵĸоԼϣһµ̼ϷȻ󣬽µֱն˳ȥ
ۣ
ǻƽɫС磬ôƴҡǿĲȻµ»Ընȥһɣ
īĶ̫ˣ˲ͽһɸץ˲档
鰡
ľҩһɣһ׼ʥҩҪмֵ

滯ĽɫС緢һŭŭ춯ء
īȴ޶ԣһնȥ
硭˱ûܹʩչУ˻šһɱնϣ
īЦŻӦˣʩչͨе˲ֹһҡ
īҲΪʲôطԭЩϣ͸ҵһﰡ
磬īȷʩչ֮ǰЩͨڵϽɫѪȴ֮ǰսУͻȻľ;ˣµĸоóīһӾ˺ܶ顣
ͬඥһ㣡
һӾ⣬Ҳ˷ӡˣ塭벻˸ϵ
ȻĻΪʲôѪˣʹͨ
꣡
һɫС磬ٴαīһء
ʱ򣬴ĹҲ˲䵽ˡ
īЦţ˳ȥ


1389 
䣡
һӿɫ˲ûеûеģȫ
ǧһ̣ȫʼ˾ҵ̶÷һȺڻˡ
˻ֱͬһ㡣¡¡졣
衣ķҲ
ɲǼ䣬Ĺ㣬ǿŽɫС磬̲סˣʼջԼе飡
ŹȥЩٶȱø졣䣬ͱ𳹵ɡ嫵ľø׳󣬼ֱͬһɽ
ɫĻ棬ֱģ
ⳡǧⶼܿ
˱ùڵأֲɫݡ
Ŵע룬ѾīľʣһθĽɫС磬Ȼǣһ貵Ĳͬʱǿƥųīǵصѹֱӳīľʶ
Ҫī׺˼
īľʶУһӰǳīĵڶԪ
һ˲䣬ڶԪ˫ۣ⡣޾ĴϢŵڶԪ
īʶţЦţСӣ㲻ñк³ԼҲã죬ͬھɣ
ͬھīʶУڶԪһЦһ
ڶԪֱӳˡһֱ֣ӾǴѹУһƬȣ
仯ĵ˿ЩֱճɻҽȻһģӡڳīľʶС
ǿӶ
ֶΣֱˣ
ⲻܣһ𾳽綼ˣôܻʥ˵ĵ𺳵üʧȥ˼ţͷԼȻ͹ֵС⣬ʥ˵ĵߡʲôⲻܣ
īĵڶԪעžʶռе𣺡ҵδ
δʲô̼䣬ȼյó׵ףֻʣһʵʵ
㡣īĵڶԪЦţһ֣Ӱĵ𣬽īûˡ
ոճɳĽɫ˲СһΣһߵСȫĵУӲıǰӶˡ
ޱ𾪵ġšīʵ㡭ϡȻǸѪǡǡ
ৣ
һɫĹâ߱
ߵĽɫСֱӱȻ󣬽ʣһ߱쾡Ӷᡣ
һ̣ƺһʲôƬƮ֪˭ˡ
䣡
һѾԽ𾳽Ĵڣ
ƬӡĴϣīԲĶ֡
Щյĺ죬Ҳɡʵϣֲģɫ棡
ܿܣһʥ˼顣
īһ˺ܶ顣棬ӦǴһʼͱӡֲߡͬЩһ𣬱ӡѪŸĿ
˵ǳīּʿǻһͨĴ޽ɾҲǶ֣
սܼѾǡ
ӦþĸԼһɣ
ī˵ţʼʶĵͬʱҲѰһЩԼƶǷȷ
īϥȥȻȼš̫ˣ̫ˣҪһȥȥɡⲻһʱɵ顣
ʱеǣһɽѰ飬ǧ֮͵ֹ޷
īϵžʶµĵ
Ȼһʥˣ
ȻĸԼ
ԭ
ųīĲ֪࣬飬ҲԽԽࡣ
棬һеһ档
һַǳаȵֲרʳ龫ΪȻнһ壬ģؼľϾֲϵߣսƫرаգȥ⡣͸˵ˡ
棬Ҳȷڷ÷ŵһЩ衣װõɮҲǺѹ鲻֪ţߣЩߣʵ֪ŵġϷŵĽ塣
ôһõɮŴܵףЩǰ϶ȡЩߵΡȻ󡭡Żɱǣ
ϵľصģصģʵߵĵǵļ䣡
һһֲֺܿʳľӶԻȡһļ䣡
䣬ܣҲϢ
Ȼÿλõļ䣬һͿһֱĸϢ
ӡ磬޷뿪Ͼһʥ飬Ҫ뿪˵硣Ҫ׻ɡǣԼɢǧҪͨķʽ࣬ȫϡ
һ죬ַͨʽͻƵʥΪʥ顣ʱķӡѾ޷סˣ
Щ࣬ǵȣȫˡӵǿƥʵˣﲻˣ㱻ŵط
˵嵱ӡ˵صλҲĹǽ滹ЩŵȻ󣬳ָдطعгط飬ȫ޷ʹͨ޷ʩչԼĵСȻһţǾǡѪӵܣ޵еģ
̫ˣȥҲ㹻˽ȵ걻ŵȺµУ㲻Ϲ֡˵Ǻʴˡ
Ȼλָıعоֻ˵ת
ԣų˸ոճӤоź嫾ȻȴԻ顣
֪˵һ־޴ʹĥıܣ
Ϊŷݵص׵ժ׽£ԷԵ߸һƬǺӡȴֻͨһšԪܳ
ÿһ죬һ־޴ĥ
ķˣôĥģԾ
ǵĺҲӸĿУ֪飬ͬҲܱ˺֮ܶȥˡȻĻǵƬӰС
һΣ磬ΨһһΣˣһʶǾǣ汲¼Ҳһ䣡
˭ҪǸᣬ壡
³Уܣڱûˡ
ҲΪʲôСӴЩˣ֪ߣ֪磬֪Լϵܡ
ܹ뵽ߣҲû˻ĵ¡
ʼգ֮棬ȴ֪ܵģ
ֻܣʵԼĿеҰҪ뿪ԣƶǸӴļƻ
ֻû뵽һУȻһӲƵˡ
ܹľᣬһֱڼУŸ׼ʱ򣬽ύޱҶᣬֻܸīһã
ΪΨгīĻѪסط
Ǳߣû˻뵽һᣬ뵽Ȼ㵽һطΪԼӵһ壡
ġ޴壡
һУûϸޱһ̣īԼĸ׵Ĭֱչֳˡ
Ҫ˸Ѿˡ
裬лл㣬ҲʧīվԶһսȭͷĿãޱȼ㡣


1390 
ĻҰϣоһƬǴսµĺۼһƬãīվӰ¼ţȴԨsšīĵУȫ뵽ԼУΪеһ֡īĸоԼеľһΣûκƺҲ˵һΣīĵУһ̶֮ɳɵ
̤𾳽磡
īйâ˸
磬Ȼпᣬͬ޵ʮľţ˶һܻһڡ
ڡ
˼άȥǳīĴһûС˿ȴվ˳ɵ
īһȻתȻ䣬Уһĸ룬ÿʱߣζӲʱǹìƥ
ǧ룬˲˷ˣγɱʱڹգȡ޾
ĵ
ȴ˳īĵ룬Ǵ֮ɡ
ܹһĻһᱻ¡νĵҪȥĦȥѧϰȥģ£֮߳ƣѾǳɹˡī˲һʱ䣬ȫĵеľ裬һԸĽչֳ
ֱδţֲˣ
Գī˵ⲻʲôΪ֮ĴһУǲĵ̨ÿһ̨һֲͬĵ
īյĵȼʮ֡Լĵ֮⣬ʣµĶǵЩĴС̨ǿŵģֻڲϵվȴĻᡣȥȫµĵ
ڸսУúӿ뵽īľʶУҪѹīīһϵĵѹˡֵǳīǫ֮̈̄һϴ
δ
īĺܴΪԼδؽ޳ϴ
ԣʶݻĵֲƥ
ĺôǾʶǿ󡣻ǣīԶ߲һôΪᱻδɡһгױҲпܡ
漰ޱµ򣬾īյģҲֻδһֳΡ
ɵһ죬δǿҲʱīδͲֻľʶԻˡ
īչ죬Ҳȼ죬Ȼƿ£źԶܸܵǹӿˡʵϣֻ鿿šԾīΧЩطġȻսµĲоֻڡ
īҶӲзųҶһãȻܣʲô
ī΢΢һЦӽ磬
ĵУõļ䣬īȻȫѾټ©ȻΪ˱īǾϽѪָΪȥһȦ֤һ
ķӡīȥȻͬЩ֮󡣵ȴȥıʲô˳ҲһƬأû˭޹ߡ
֮ǰСӴȺˣƣǶ˭˵壿
ģӣеҶѾޱȵκͳݳīէһϢҲֲŵĸо
īЦЦ˵뿪£ѡһΡ
Ҷˣ¶һĨ֮ɫҵļҵİ˶Ѿˣͽ˱֮⣬ʲôأҸ뿪
ãߣī˵ţһУֱҶ建ҶŵôһûзϹ죬һʱ䱻ŵûʧɫ
ҲǸӴģһ֮󣬼һԵĳīƵվУҲʼţվȻ󣬻Сţǰһ
ûвȿյĸо
棡ҶУȻ䱬һâ
˸գѾīĳ֡ԣҶʵ磬Ҫվգʵ̫ˡ
ҪһϤӦĹ̰ˡ
ҶӦϤ̣ȳīʱҪ̡ǺܿӦƮڿеĸо
̫ˣ
Ҷţһ˷ܣһֵСŮ
߰ɡīҶ࣬һ·У߮ҶȥֻԼһлһʲôоȻ棬˶˷ܵС
һ·УתһȦ
ֻصԭء
УҶܹСӴʯͷ塣Щ˸е˵벻ССĴׯпȥȻС
īЦЦԺָᷢʵ硣
ţллӣҶĵл꣬࣬׸ıˣһллеĸм֮顣֣Ҳ˵
īͷȻһ֣˺ƬյһӡҶ࣬˲ʧ
䣡
һɺĴϢ
ī˲ֹϽѪһǲ뱩¶ԵĻ׶ϽѪظȴԸ島̫ϵ
ҶϢˣܵĸоԼУ·һѣڸЩ
īЦҶࣺ֪Լжǿ𣿡
ҶһãȻҡҡͷųī⡭𣿡
īҶˣվһƬȺɽ֮ϣµɽ壬Լǧɡ
ī˵ǵģ㳯һɽĴһȭԣ
ҶȻЩãĻȭɽ塣ܹоһɺƥȻ˳Լֱӿȥִδйĸоһ
ţͼ޴ɽ壬һʧˣ
һۿɼǿ󲨶˷ݺݵĲȥ
ָоһʯӽһˮ̶Уǹɲ˲γɾˣ
֮һУͻȻʧľ޷һ˲仯촷ۡ
ԲǧҶһȭӲûˣֻںĴһ׵Ĵӡ
Ҷ˶סˣ𾪵ȫʧȥ˼һߵɵɵվǣȫ֪롣
īҲ̲סһĵûһˣֻ׼ľ磬ȴ˿µƻķ͹ֽ֮һǿʿ

ӵǿطҪУҶոһܽһǳķѡ
̫ˡ
ʱҶŽǧ޺ǲ׵ӣ˵̲סЩӣ⡭Ūģ
īͷǰ
ҶǣϵıޱȸӣͻȻ䣬۵һ
īЩĿҶ࣬ⲻ̫ϲôʲô
ءӣ˼һ£ɱɱ١޹鰡أ
ī


1391 
ʱ·ӵУȻһڹ⣬һ֧ʸҶֱҶʲôûоȻǣȴû̸ʲôʶ
ڵҶ࣬ŵ˵һֹԪӤʿ򲻹ȻԪӤʿҲҪ治ѡ
īǵڹ⣬һкµݺݵնȥղҶֵʱ򣬾ѾӦˡԷʵʵīҲȥīͲŹˡ
ಣ
һ»ԣ˲նžķޱ͵ĸڹݺݵײһ
飡
»飡
ǵڹ⣬ٶȴȫûܵκӰһȻҶ˹
ҶȻûзӦأ
Ϊһзʵ̫ˣ
ڹīһն
ֻڵʯһ˲䣡
īһĨ䣬ٴξٵնڹ⡣һΣīֱóһ
ϣ
һ޴Ľӵ𣬳īֱۣһҵ顣
Ȼһӵ˻ڹ⣬ҲԶȥ
īʱҲڿ֪ڹӡȻһֻȭͷСĻɫ׳棡
ǻɫ׳Ҳδ̫ԶڿУ򷢳һ֮ʱſʼֻ֮ǰķٶ̫ˣҪĴٶȿ̫࣡
ҶҲڷ쳣һãȻĿųīȻ˳ųīĿ⣬ֻɫļ׳档
ôĳӣҶһȵľ
īһ
ֻɫļ׳棬Ҳһŭ˻
ü׳ߣȻ˵һֱӣ̫ˣ
ಣ
ɫ׳һγҶ࣬ȻҲܸоǸ飬Ǵģɱɼµ飬֪۸
Ҷ޾ɫһı顣
ðɣʵӦȫ׳Ľࡣ
īȴ˲Ҷǰ̧һȥ
ಣ
ֻɫ׳˲ߡŭ˻
ոһȻûнıնȴܵ˴ˡǹɿµ͸ıף˺Ҳ֪ôûҹӲīһ
ҪôҪôīȻһн¶нЩ飬ĺܡûʲôǷǹҲûʲôƶ֮֡еֻǣ˭ǿ
ɫ׳ڿͣһһɱҼ԰
Ľ鹲ͬĽʽԣҶһӾˡһɫҪ˵ʲô
͡īȴһЦһмĵΣ
ҶһΣֻɫ׳棬ֿīıӰ˵ʲôջǱ͡ʲôǲҪˡ
ȻīޱǿӲ˵仰ֻ֮ɫ׳Ĭˣû
īϣѾһΣϢڶ𡣾Ҷ඼ܸоϢоЩѹ֡
ڣֻɫļ׳棬ȥȴһֱųīġҲųīʱ֡󣬻ɫ׳ԽԽԶһת˲ʧյС
ˣҶϣżֲ˼飬Żָĳī
īЦŵǻԶٷ
ҶһĿųī˵ôôһ£˵Ȼ٩Ͳںζ
ҲڻعʶոշʲôҶֻûüĽһӼ˺ܶࡣ֪ԼովһΣ£·ִƺҲûʲô
ҶǾʲôһĿųīӣѧϰ
ԼҪѧֽʲô֮ˡԭ⣬磡
ãҽ㡣īûκԥԭҶǴ˼
ǣҪʦ𣿡ҶСĿųīûж飬ȴҲ˵ĵ
ʦˣ͸ѧϰɡīЦЦûȥҶʲô뿪ҪôҶԼ׻ƴҪôԼѡȥʲôط
īȴԼ̫ĹϵνҶ˵δһ¡
ǡûʦͽֵĻҶ֧ţЩΪѵĿųī
ûϵһ㵱ͽһ̵ġī΢΢һЦ
Ҳ֤Լû˵ѡҶһ·ߣһ·̡
Ҷʵ̫ʺˣԭѾ׼ľ硣ֱһǧ
֮ҶһսѾﵽɵˮ׼
УīרһЩ粻̫ߵ飬Ҷ֡
˼֮ҶЩĲпˡɱЩ飬Էûκε֣ͬԷȴû
սҶ۵ս飬ҲڿʼḻһʼԱԼͺܶ鶼޴롣
īָϸģˤҶʱҲûκεԥֵͬʴȺ簮ֻܻ޾Ķ㣬Ун磬ûкýн磬ˡ
Գīʱѵ⣬ҶҲøŬܶŮˣԶȿȥҪǿöࡣ
һºҶ༸սѾﵽ˵ĲΡ
ī̸ķ͹ҲȫĴСľ飬ϤĽ̵֮£Ҷսٶȣóīǳ⡣
ʣµʱ䣬ҪҶԼһȥˡľ׼Ǹ򣬵ҪﵽǸսҪʱĻۡҶôѾĳ˳īԤ֮ˡ
һ˲û̫ΣգûʿīҲûмޱ˵Щ顣ҲˣӦıԵشһ˵ٻʿֵط
һ죬īҶˣһǿĶ֡
һֻ룡
һɴСڣͬɣϴһȦһȦɫơīЩȻȫûа취ȵġһľ磬ȴҪȳī֮ǰЩȫǿ̫࣡
һֻ𾳽룡
ԭҶһ棬Ҷˣһǰһ¾ڽˡ
ֻ̫ƻˣϢǱڲݴУ˸޷ĴڡҶྭʱȴͻȻ䱩ֻޱȵľ޴ǰȣͬһ㣬Ҷһ޴˿ڡ
Ҷ෢һƺߣս飬Ȼˣȴûлңȵıܿ˴ĵڶ
ԴƴĵҶ㲻ˣ
ϾԷľʵڸ̫߳ˡ
ʱīˡ
һڴǾ޴ǰ棬ԷˣȻһѽҶ磬סҶϵơΪһ¶ҪѧϰĶԶֹôһ㣬кܶܶࡣ
󣬳īͳһƿҩȻ˵һԿš
벢ûгûǶƴӣɢűɱһ˫޴ĸ۵УȻһɳŪɫ


1392 ս
īúҶ֮תֻ룬ʾѾյˡ
𾳽飬Ѹ̣ͣǰͬѴžݵĵޱȵķһ۾Ӧ൱죬죡
ոǳīķӦҲ죬ҶĻᱻһ÷絶ǰն룡
飬ûʲôùͨģֻһ֡ս
µӳһɫĹâ»ԣγһΣֻ룡
ϣ
̧һǰȣס˳īһȻȻ
أ
ˡ
ٶʵ̫ˣ
һ磬Ǳٶȸ죡
쵽īӦӲϾĸоᵶطš

һ죬űһɾȻһǳĹ£Ҳƫķѣ
Ȼеعǿ󣬵һɢȥĲȻܵɽɽΪƽءĵطľЩֲò˼죬ͻὫ¸һɫ
īое־ɽ
ţֽӡб־
󣬳īٴ־ӦΪԴǿֲٶȵģ
ٶȣԶġҪ۾ϴĽ࣬ǳīҲܡڽ־ļӳ֮£ī˲˺ܶ౶ܸϴй켣ˡ
û뵽ԼһʯɽһȻûܽ˻˰벽
ֻ˼άϵһ㵣ķӦǺܿģ
ī죡
ǿ֮սܶʱʤֻһ֮䡣ī˲־Ϣ
Ҫ˵ĴͻȻ䷢֣ʧȥ˶˵Ϣ
սеǿ˵ֱĴ
Խǿ֮սϢԽҪΪܶʱ۾ǻƭ˵ġĶδؾʵģܿǲӰѡԣΨϢҪ顣
ȴʧȥ˶
Ҫ
˲һɻֵ̿ĸоʼ־
ֺֻ̿Ϳ־壬ֻάϵһɲǡ
ΪīĹѾˣһӺµһֻۣ֣ȴǺݺһȭһǰȣ
͵ǰͻ
ͬʱ˾е־
һУ˲Ϣɵġ
̫ˣ
ֶ̫ˣ
Ǵ־Ȼܸߣûиʿսǿܱȵġ
īĹ֮ʣֻ˱˵׼ǿȫ˺档뵽Լĵ˾Ȼô໨ֶΣ
ʱһ̣·סˣռҲŤƺָɺܶ顣
ҶУ·磬òһˣ
һ̣ҶԴѧϰӡ̵һĻ
ǹ˵ĵ𣿡һ磬ҶľʶţҶ۾ҲޱһţȻڹۿһսУ˺ܶʿһ򲻵Ķ

꣡
һ졣
īһȭֱӽһǰȣӲˣ
ǴۣǺ飡
ǿȥޱȣɣһѴžݵķ󵶵ǰȣīһˣ
ͬʱīһûնĸۡҲΪ˶ܳīһնԼ۾ϣǰȲűīġ
һǰȵķϵīһҲն˴档
꣡
ʥ˲䱬ֱն飡
һ
ֲֻ𾳽ܵش
ǵģִ˵ģ
ǰȿҲԻָҪʱ䣡Ѱĵطһֻ飬ԳưһƬǺӣ׻ƴīֻ
ֵط˵ʲôʱͻðһǿ飬ܵشĴֱӳԵ
ǵģ𾳽飬ǶģܹǵĴڣ̫ࡣ
˵һֻ𾳽ĻȸͿɸɵͬĴ롣˵һֻ˵ġ
ԣֻ룬ܵشһɲǣѾˣ
һ˫޴ĸ۵УɺĹâҪƴˣ
īЦһһ˳Ŵ΢΢ſֱӴ̽ȥʥеǹɿֲɱڴĿгױ
ǻ˲ƻϡã
̫Ҫˡ
˻ţţͬʱʣµֻ絶ľ޴ǰȺݺɨīͼīնϡ
īȭͷһȭҹȥ
ǣ
һĹͷȣҲīˣ
īһԾֱͷϣ֣֪ʱͻȻһɺĳ
ۣ
ֱӴԴУһûȥ
͵һ٣ű㿪ʼ˷ī赭дĴӴԴʣµĺȣԶܡ
ʮûܳȥһͷڵϣӳ鴤ţѸٵĸɱȥ
īеĺµʡƺ߱ͻȻʳе㲻
Ǳ߱һϢµʵˡû취Ʒײ̫࣡һǴ磬һСܣ˵ͷ߱׾ٵѹ˺µ
Ƭ֮󣬴еľȫ߱ߡĻص˲ȥ
ոջݵĴ˿̾ʣһ߼׿⡭ȴ𼶱ļ׿ǡֵɹ
īҲֱӽļ׿Ҳս˴ָ
ʱͷҶࡣȴҶվѾ뵽һֿľ硣ī΢΢һ漴¶ֲ˼ɫ
÷͹츳ˣǰҶЩҶ츳̫ˣҲǿ
񡭡ҲֻԼܱǿ˰ɣīЩš漴ԳһЦ˼ھͻĺҪܴﵽ׼ĲΡԼô̤뵽ģһ·Ѫ
īûоҶ࣬־Ҷһ¸ոյˡ
ȻϥһԣһΪҶ໤һ߲ߡܽÿ˶ϧֻᡣī˸ϧ
ܹʲô磬ȫеĻԵ컯ˡڻԵ컯֮ǰҲκһʱ䡣
Ҷһζ򣬾Ȼһµʱ䣡
īڼ䣬֮ǰն¾õΪҶһѽĴߡīֶβôڳīܹƳȴûֻһҶ࣬ʱﵽ˶ĲΡȺܶѽĴҲֺΪо޴ĳɳռ䡣
ҶԼһ죬ѽĴߣҶԼһѷĽʱΪһ
ҲҶı
һºҶУʼһʴֲڵݻ
⣬ǵ
УõĵһȫԼĻԵҲĵ
ӣллҶڵأīͷ
Ǵ
죡
γīûн飬Ҷһݡ
Ҷս磬ҲΪһε뵽׼ǸΡսΪڴﵽ˾⡣Ȼ̫ණҪѧϰ١
īһ㶼ɣҶ뿪ʱܹ̤𾳽硣
˼ǰУֹһ£ڽ뵽ķѾʼµĺۼˡ


1393 
һսҶ¶һۿֻϵı飬֮ɫΪһȥǼ⣬һģ
Ĵϣ־޴ӣվڵǰһƽһͷ
һɫСݣһЩСڷҡҷȻսոշûáн̫㣬ֲٶȫ൱졣
û׷Ҫʮܳɲн磬ֻҪһ£̡
ԴƬ߸СϾͿԿóⳡսӦþͷǰ
Ѿս𣿡Ҷ˵
īӦ飬ȴҪһЩƬУоµϢ
ԷûĨȥԼϢʹݵȥˡǵģīܵϢڻʤߡ
ƬУܲ׽һ˿˿ʵԹԹǷ𲻺˵϶һʿҲǿ
ܹ࣬Ҷģûʲôߡ
߰ɡīҶ࣬ĬĬ뿪ĵҪʼԲпս
һ󣬳īҶһǡ֮ǰսĵطԼ·̡
ѵĳͻרܵǸطȥģ
УȻҲгǣǳīǵĵһͷ
һЩߣǡÿϣޱǿϢȫлʮ㡣һЩϵɱأ˿Ρ
īĿǼɱص˽ǵʱȫԶԶ㿪ߴա
˼
ȷ˳īһȫµĸоطĳУȥҲġɱ¾ȴƽ
콾ľۼأͻ̫ˡǳī֮ǰѾ㹻׼ڿȥпԱսĵطġ˵ǰǡ
Ȼûȥīȴܲµ棬սӦǲġ
ϾǿʿҲҪһźͽĵط
Ҫȥ𣿡ҶЩӵĿųīʱȻҲ˺ܶೡսǶǸ֮սʿûսܹĴЩϸܵǹɲƵϢеãȻ
ȻīͷΪҪĥԼģ
ҪͻƵ𾳽磬ȫԶսʤĵطò˼ܹ꣬ͻƵǰ磬̤𾳽ɵ
ǲǳīԸ
ðɡҶͷԳīĻƴӵġҲ˵īŮֻ˵īս飬ѸٳɳͬʦһĶ飬ҶڳīǰһֱžԵĹ
˽ǣûκεĹעʿлв١˭࿴һۡ
īҶ࣬һҾ¥㿴һ۲˼ۣҷĳīҲ̲סЩզ࣬ĵ̫ˣ
һˣҪƷʯ˵ĶʯӦþǼƷ쾧ʯˡΪȼƷ쾧ʯõľʯīûЩƲһʮϰƷ쾧ʯ
ľƲˣҲȫǶƷؼĻƣȫ׼𾳽ʿʿ񣬼۸ףҲûʲôܽܵġ
Ҷޱ飬ΪͲǾƲ˼۸ʲôҪǶĻ¿һ۶ᱻŸ
Ϊ̫󣬾¥Ĵ˲ࡣī˽ƶʱЦӭ͹λò𣿡
īͷȴомֹ죬һ׼𾳽ʿСһԽ¥˵ͷ붼ù졣
׼𾳽ʿƺЩһİѳīҶһٴλáܹǡ
ΪͣҲǺŬˡ
īš
Ȼóһ鼫Ʒ쾧ʯˣ
ƿƷ쾧ʯû¶κֻǵͷ
ãƲˡī˵
΢΢һ
ʱ򣬴⼸ϵˣҲȫ̲סͷī߿һۡУԵЩ졣
ǰôīһۻƣȻһЩ˵ӣʱ΢΢һոû⵽ЩϵľƲˡڲŷ֣ĸһҲֻһˣ
ƺұ¶ԼǮ
īʱЩ
˵ûΪԴܹ뵽еЩʿһǸڴĶ콾ЩôȱǮ
Ǽ˵ƺܾȣѵǺ
ʱ򣬻ҲѾعЦǺǵĿųī̬ȱø˼֣ųī˵Ҫ¥ϵİ䣿е㳳ȽϰЩУŷ̸ҲȽ˽ܡǺǡ
˵ţųī¶һ㶮Цݡ˵־磬൱īһɨһǽϵЩƲ˵ļ۸Ȼ¶˼ֳԾı飬ȴûʲôķӦ
˵ĲǸŮӣ͸ˣûһǽϵĲ˼ۣ
׼𾳽Ļ֪Ҷһ档벻ԼҲп۵һ졣
īЩ˵㿴ǻǵô
ȴܾ˻飬էҪ˽һе˵٣ԼԾһ
νʼ磬˵͹ԸڴҲûϵģƲһ͸
īһЩ̸ʲôͨǵ̸Ϥһ
ܿʧˣΪȺˣȻȫ
ѵģ
īͷǺߣһ
µȷ˸е̫ˣ
ȻǶһĶ콾Ȼʵģ׼۷塣Ǿ¥ǲݣõô
ʱͻȻһˣʼ̸ķʽ
˵һμСܲܵ񣿡һȥʮҵʵ
Сʵǹˣ˵㣬һΣ˵ʮĽ£һͻʤˡܿϧʩչ˽ҵĴͨһл˼С˵ҪǽҸҼеϵһҪСһʮüɫ˵
Сȷе㵹ù˭ãƫƫϽ¡ǸŮˡ
һͬʮҵĻ˵ţ߽һȹŮӣһĿ⣬ʮҵĻꡣ
ſڵλã˵ǸŮĸʱͿ˽İȹŮӣʣµĻһȫҭȥһǵͨ졣
ϵˣҲ˰ȹŮӣȻ˿ǻ꣬¶һĨĳŪ
Ƿ
ôƫҪ˵ʹ죬ˣ˵
϶ǲ˵ˣ
ǸһŵĿŰȹŮӡ
ȹŮȴûһīҶߡ
ǱߵĻһĨ֮ɫ֪˼ҲԸԼһʶĵͷţֺ̧ͷīǸ
ȹŮӣһ·ߵīҶǰȻҶ࣬˵һǣҾע⵽ˡ


1394 콾
ҶһãȻĿŰȹŮӣǲ֮ɫ
ҶĳīҲͬ΢΢üͷܲ³Ů˵ݡͨոǸıƯİȹŮӣӦþǸʲôʮĽˡ˼ССգī̲סüͷ˻⼸֣óīе
壬겻ɢѵԼһҪ
ŮԼǰʲô˼
עңʲôҶȻһãȻǷһ䣬żֽź;裬ʶĿһ۶ĳī
ĳīĹǡ
ߡµĿҶࣺʺ⣬ˣ֪ʡߣҵӣһΪǿߣ
ī˿̣̲סжòһ۽£ȻûбֳκȴǴΪ𾪡
߽ף֮壬ʡ
֪Ľ£ȻӵŸҶͬʣ
߽𰡣
ôᣬ֮ȣīȻףΪʲô˵콾ۼ֮ˡ
һˣ㡣
ѹޱʱеԥҪҪԼôƲΣգܴޱӦͨˣīոսʱһʿװʱīûڣ͸ˡ
ҲҶȻоǰȹŮӵϣϾϲϣ䲻ϵ󡣵ֱӾܾˡǹֽ̳ġȻûͽܣҶĿУѽīʦ
䣬ûǹ˭˭С⡣ŵȺΪʦһԼСΪʦҲûʲôġ
ʱĿͶīûҲûκУ˵ģ
īĲɵ΢΢һſŮ˵ò֮ǰû壬ΪµϣһԣէһֻǸƯŮӣʺܼѡųīʱ򣬳īŷ֣ŮֹƯֱ޵£
һģΪµòŮˣոڸ˵ʱ򣬾Ȼһ˿ѹƣ
ѹƣǹ
ҪóīʶĶηһѹơǶǿߵһСֶΣȻ˴ţȴ˾е㲻ʹ졣
īֻһɲǣ˰ĶѡֶΣ˵ûκ塣ӻס
ǲʶɣīŽ£˵
֮䲢û󷽷˵
¥棬һˣʮȫЩĿɿڴĿųī
СӾװɵɵ
ʶ£
ӣƺҪܾ
˰ɣ
ЩͷǼ׿˵Ժзɢ
Ҳ΢΢һû뵽˾Ȼľѹƣû뵽˵˵һ̬ȸ˵ʲôʱţѾ벻ˡǵǷ˵
ˡ
ҵע⣿ˡ˵
Ȼˣ
ǼһǱ˼Ѫһ˷ΪīĬ˵װͷ˰ɣԽ£̬ȸ˵ǲ֪
֮ǰǸ꣬иǳֻı顣
Ҳ˵ʲôʲôԼһ𣬾ǿѹȱ˵ĻҲһսҵѡīһƽĿŽ£ע⣿ˡ

¥棬ʱһƬţ
Ǽˣ˿ȫ̲סΪīһѺ뵽һѵĲ֪ǺҲ˵ַʽƴƽ£ҪĹע
ߵĿ̫СˣΪִۣʵ̫
ǽ£
ʮǿ߰
ǸԻͶʢǿˡ
ûĻӣմǸӲɱѡƾʲôôӲ
Ҳе㷢˵ոʱȫûѳīôڣֱ֣ȷһ˿Ȥ
Ϊ˵ˣ϶ˣ
ĲʶԼô
һʱ䣬ȻЩò׼ˡ
Σ˵ȴͷһЩɴ۾ֵˣüǶȥ
ƾʲô
Ⱥ˴˿̵ҲֻȻûһ˷ȫԹԵİ˽ˣȻһߵĳȥˡ
ڵĻƣҲǮ֮󣬺Ծʧˡ
ټľ¥棬ֻʣˡ
īǳ˳飬˵ŮˣܰԵҿȥЩ˶֪ʰĻӡҲǸͷ
ʱ򣬽¿ųī䣬ȴ˼֣ǸˣұʾǸ⡣
ҿ¸ոհ˶ȥˣȻĻ仰ܰȺ˶ɵˣ
ҵ֮ŮȻ˵ǸǸ׼𾳽ġСʿǸֱ̫˼ˣ
׼𡭡ֻһ׼֣Ҫָȥ𣬽ޱȼѡȻعƬǿ£ɵȻһģȻ˵롣
ʿһҲֻͣ׼硣ۿžȴƫƫƲ
īҲû뵽»ǸͬӲϵı΢һЩҽĵǸ֪Ҫҵʲôû´ĻӦҲǻʡţнУһˣרѰҸԼͬˣȻԼϣԼʡ
ˣºȻüŭųī
īĵһ仰ýޱȵĲʹˡʲôУҽĵǸУֻǱʾûжѣΪǸǸǲŵûкӡ
īĻýֱ̡ŭɶ
Էô֪Լǻܵ鶼ȥˣŭĿųīƾʲôô˵ң㵱ʲôˣ޶Ļ˵¡ôܣôϷ
¥·ӡˣȥһУȫǸԾ˵׼ˡԷԼҪġ˭뵽λ̰˶֮󣬾ȻǸ곳
˵׼𾳽ĻƸоԼڳʶˡһֱԱȻġô׼ˣôܻԱʲôطǶ콾Ƽĵط
׵õһ֮󣬱ּŴҲΪԱɴ¥һơΪƮ϶뿪һ죡
׼𣬾ӦʵʵģΪײ㣬ͷ£Ŭɵ
죬ףϣԭһˡˣʲôʱ򣬶κ˵ͷ
⣬콾


1395 һ˲Ű
̫ˣ
һеĻֱīͶصĳ̶ȡ
ܰѽ¼ŭ̵ûֵˣƺǵһ֮ǰѾĻƻû˵б㡣
īϣһŭĽ£ͬް㾫°ͨ졣īȴûʲôķӦһĵֲʶ㡣

ͷߣˣ
仰ɱ̫ǿˣ
˼Ҳʶ㣬ô֪Ǻ˻ǻˣл˰ѻдԼϵô
ǣôܲʶңƾʲôʶң㲻ܲʶң
µ淭ģŭ졣⻰һŮӣ˵ڡȻôģ˵Ҳе̫ˡ
һ¿ųī˵콪ҵŮҽн¡ҷģûκζ⣡
˵ţ޶ԵĳīһӣֺݺһƳȥĳ嶯ҪŻˡðɣ̣
Сطģī˵Ҷû˽⣬˵˽⡣Բ֪ʲôһżҵġԱǸ˵Щ˵ʵûκ塣ֻ֪ʲô
п񷭰ۣʲôʲôҸող˵ôҪΪͽ
ۿųīзţСӵģôʲô֪ӣһʲô֪׼ͱ˴һٱ˺òã
īô˵һ취ҲûУ˵ʲô˵ǽҲһļ壬壬Ҳһһһ䣺ʲôҪôش
ԣʿеСħŮ˿Ҳֻӽ͵ҪΪͽΪһԣҶʵӦźܺõĵá콾ûȷʽһᱻģҵ˼𣿡
ŶīӦһȻüͷʼ˼
ȷЩԥ˽ʵ̫ˣԺѷֱ潪ⷬϵĻ棬ǲġ
֮ԲҶΪͽʵǲ뽫һҶࡣҲкȥҶߣܸԼߣһ¡֮ǰīҲ֪Ҷ츳뵽϶ᱻǿ߿Сû뵽һô졣쵽ȥ˽̫ͱҪѡ
ȴߵĿųī˵Ŷʲô˼㵹˵
ΣīڿˣһΣī̬˺ܶ࣬Ž£ǸҲҪǲ㣬Ҳͬûκζ⡣ҵȷ˽Ҳ˽һʲôˣ˽ļ塣ΪҶãҵûʲôͬ⣬£㡣
˵ī̬ȵתϣýеŭ΢ƽϢһЩųī
ī˵һ˵ҶİΪʦĻҪһ֤Ǿǣܵ˺˵ط޳һųŽҲ콾
ӡҶЩˡȷûκξ飬ʲôⲻûӡֹӾȻĿʼʦ˵ʱһӾͻˡ
Ǹӡ߳ĿףΨһܹεģֻйһˣҪǲҪˣԼӴ˳׾޿ˡ
īҶ¶һЦݣʾ԰ꡣ
ʱ򽪲˵ģҿԱԪģҽ¾ԲҶ飬Ҷ࣬ǰɣīͷ½˵Ϊʦ׽ˡʵ㣬һûչͽأ뵽£ǾҵĴӣ壬װɣ
īͷȻףһǲ״ӣ
½˵ԣһᱣ֤еİȫңߣû˸Ҷֺʲô޳ʲôŽǶԡԱ˵˵ǶЩ˵ߣָĿˣ˵ҲĺܲˡϤµ˶֪Ů˵Ӵúܣµˡ
˵˵ڶ㡣¿ųī
ڶ£ҪԼͬ⡣飬ҲҪԼѡ񣡡ī˵
ҲҶֱӾҪܾȴֱסͣȻһŭŭųīⲻǷϻԼѡʲô
ؼǣҲװīʼ磬̯˫֣һΡ
飬ڽµʵ̫ɶˡüһȻȵǸСƣҲ˰ɣϽ첻߽һ£ʲôˣ
ͨ
Ǳߴһ˵ڵصȻǸ׼𾳽Ļĳǰ
С㡭治ǹ͵İҡҡ
ˣϻϽ첻ߵĶͣʲôˣһͷһֻ֣Ҷûء
ҶҲ׼Ϊˣȴһˣ
ҪѹīΣѹҶֱ࣬Сһ
ƶ߶£Գī˵һ˵ĻҲܿ͹۹
ī֪λʮĽ£ǿҲ൱㡣յĴ콾ƭӡҪģǽ·ǳšּž߲͡
۵ţǱͬǿƥȻĻļͽ˼ģҶ໹ǵһ
𣿻ƭ𣿡º޺޵ĿųīȻɿҶ죬Ҷ˵ȱ˵ҹ˵
˵ţֽĿתī㿼ǺãҪΪãӦôѡ񡣲ȻҪĿĺͶˡ
ǺǣҵСŮʲôĿģīǵ٩һ䣬漴һɫĵȻ֤û⣬ҲûʲôĿġ
´󷭰ۣһԵ׼Ҳ亹ֱ˵һĵӣѧİ
̫ˣ
ʲô˵
ī˵ôҾҶ㣬ȸǿ
ӡҶȻĿųīҪô
ҶԳīûб㺣µദѾѳīʦˡ
īҡͷЦҶ࣬㲻˽Ǹʲôط˵ʵԼұ֤İȫȻλҵС㣬ߣȸǿˡ
ֻڹߡҶԵúܿ
īһݣ͵ǱҰɣҲҪչˣߣң˵ţīһ̾һվᶮԸҪҡ
˵꣬īվһǸһŬԼԵòڵĻƣǸٷԲˣûϵɣ
ûûϵûϵģƲ֪ΪΣԸԼͬˣȻҲѹ·Խһ
ǾͺãҴţ´ԡˣī˵ţȥ
ӣҶ̲סᡣ
ȸǿˣԺᶮġס˵ǴҲ˵ҵ飬Ҫ˵ҵ֡īҶഫ
ʱ򣬽¿īУҲǰδеºͣ㲻ٸһҪô
īһЦŽ£֮ǰҾ֪Ǹʲôطˡĺ⣬ˣûҪԼӦչ˺Ҷ࣡
ī˵ֱ꣬ȥ
Ҷʧʹޡ
µȴ૵һ˲Ű
ƣ


1396 𾳽Ŀջϰ
īܿ˳ȥ˵ʵҶһ˲䣬ЩˡֹޣҶ˵ֱٺòǸ׼𾳽Ļƣǲ˵ѣһĿȻ
Խ£ҲһȽֱ۵˽⣬һһŽɫףȴһĵŮˡƢе㱩꣬еССԣȴſһͦˡ
Ҫīۣһֿˣͷ޳īԶԶԣ˵ĶԣҲôġ
ҪǴȥ˽⽪µ϶ֱιȥȻ쳤̾ǸħŮ
ôīԽµӡ󲢲ҶǸطԼߣ϶ΣнһŮ˻ȸԼǿˡ
ԣЩᣬǼķˡ
󣬳īڳйţȻһСջȥ֮һΪСջϰ壬Ȼһ𾳽ʿ
ðɣطôԣīһĶû
ҪôҪôͱˡ
ջϰ飬ܺڣһСԺһȻҪʮƷ쾧ʯǮܽһٸĿջ
īȻΪס꣬ȻѷһյһŲôҪ˽һ磬˽һеľ
ʵϣ￪ջҲĲΪסģ
Ȼ뵽콾ر࣬Ҳ٣Щʲô˽ġѡס꣬Ŀĸīһģһ
ԣڸƷ쾧ʯ֮󣬿ջϰøˡڸī̸ĹУջϰҲ֪޲ԡ
īף˼ԭԼ¶νס꣬˵ѯѡ
һ룬Ʒ쾧ʯҲ
ͨջϰ壬īߴ򣬶һŵ˽⡣Ϊڰ˴׻ƴ򣬳īɴʶûʣ̫У뵽ġ
ڳī˵ߴ飬֪һžͺˡǷǳõġ
֮ǰ֪ȷһǳпĵطͬʱҲһǳĥ˵ĵط
õĻԵҲ׵Σգ
콾ܳģÿһ콾ûӹţ
콾֮䣬ͬҲвģС콾ϾǱ˲ȵķݶ
Ҫôɴ࿪꣬ӪС⡣ҲȣҲûǵ鷳׬ȡһЩԴҲͦáջϰ嵹Ϊʲôгеԭ
һ嫵Ĵ磬Ӵ˵һҪСˡУءջϰ忴ųīˣؾ۷Ź⡣ĽأĽأʥ˽ȥпܳ
īʱһͷߡ
ջϰûϾ˵ͬʱ׵أ˵׵ȻͬޱգȴҲ˴ŻҴĻԵǵطͬʺȥ˵ˣľ磬˵ǲһЩ
īͷҲûκβ졣
ջϰ˵񣬲Ϊųġֻشʯʯ˵¼ÿһ뵽ʿﲻ׼ʯ֡
ֻشī΢΢ü뵽ֻسˮУ컯֮㻹ǵЩīżһЩڤι㣬컯֮ȴû취ѷֳ
īһֱ컯֮ϣźܴܡΪǵ־磬Ȼ͸컯֮ܡԣֻسˮǺĵġ
ֻشµֻԨУֻسˮջϰ˵ˮ֮ˮһ˲ȥֻسлĪĴ֮û˵˸ȥֻشһǵطûΣյġ
ֻشԿ񣿡īſջϰʵÿϣжأ
˰ǧذһ٣ʮջϰ˵
ī̲סһ૵ǸŮ˾Ȼô
ջϰ˲סҪͣˣһֵĿųī㣬ʶС㣿
ǰйһ֮ԵѡīԸñԼֻţµжǿԼֲԶ
˰ǧذһ٣ȴֻʮɴ˿ɼܹģ϶Ķ콾
ϵˣӦǸʿ˰ɣ
ֻ¼ĿǰʿҲ˵һ뿪־ͻʧ´ٽҲҪͨս´ȥջϰ˵
˰ǧ˰ϵôīʵ
ջϰ壬𾳽ʿãҲҪ˰ϹŰɣ
ջϰȴһ죬ҡҡͷ˰ʲôأôȥʼʮϵʿ𾳽Ĳ׼𾳽Ȼ࣬Ҳ١棬ģ׼ʥĴܣ˭ܸ񵥰
īһ˵У׼ࣿ
Ȼడ磬֮󣬼Ҫôʵʵڳﵱưջϰѿڶ˵ǰһ׼أЩǸĵҲ˵㣬˵ˡǿ϶ǲһġ
īҲЩ˵㿴ʲôˣҸǲһάú޳Ⱑ
īҲû̫⣬ԼҶڽˡֱҵһĴɽīĵΪҶ࿪ġ
ͬʱǱߵĽ£ҲҶĹ
ʮĶ콾˿һֱĬĬҶ࣬תŮ˲ǺĻ֮壬϶һưˣ
һߣȻСŮ̬޿䣬һ㶼ֱǸ⣡
ºŮˣ㵽ôģѵڴ֮ǰһֱǹӻô
ֲ̫񣬽¿ű꣬ʵϣ˼Ҳ൱ϸ壬ӳīҶ֮Ľܸо֮ĹϵЩ̫Ů֮Ĺϵ
֮ûκεڣƫƫҶ໹ޱȵǸӡ
˸е
˵ˣҪƵġֻ֪֪Ҫ˵һ䣬ҽҪͽϻжŶӹŵѡ𣿡¿޶ԵҶ࣬һΣĺðɣߣúУܻصҹߵģ
ģһϣҶ˵˵һ仰޺۾йâ𣺡Ļٻصߣ
ͷߣžµ˿Ǻڵģ˵ҲȥȥǸ첻ܳɣֱˡ
ת룬ʵˣʵ̫ˣô꣬¾ͼһԣΣ
ģţͷʱҶ໹ףµĳŵźεȵļֵ
ǣҵʱȥҶʵ


1397 ֻش
¸оȴ˵ʱͨ󣬷ݵܣһˣ׵ĺܣ
ŶҶȤȱȱĵͷȻ˵˵Σգһ𱣻𣿡
һְѳīһٵĸоȻôǲǹģǲ֪Ůҵ£һ㣬Źȥģ
»ǵģԼ֪жϡ뵽ƽףǸ˲ôġ
ãҴӦ㣡һŻȥסͬҲгңʱҪҵĳ˺鷳ȥɱҡ˵
ǡǻʱ˰ɡΣգȥˡҶ˵
̲ס˸ۣͽܣӮˣ
ҶҲԼе֣Ȼͷȹҵȹܶ˵Ǹˡ
ˡðɡµ棬ûʲô˺ͻˣֻѸˡԳīȤģ֮ǰ˼Ҷϣ϶ŹīġǸ˲ŰҪеԼȤǿǿƽҶ࣬ԳīȤҲٶ
ţҶĹŪԼ᲻ҶӰ졣ȥǾôҪǸ첻ˡҶҲѹһЩ꣬ȴһһĸԼ
ԣҲȥҲȥ
Ȼô룬¶Գīͦģʵ˵˵Լ˵˵Ĺô
Ҷ֮ǰõīʾԵͷ˵ԣԡ
Խ۾ĲԽŨΪʲôҶһ㶼ˡԭλӣʶ꣡
ԭǸطģ
Ǹ˵磡
ţ
ѹʲôѹ˵Ȼк˺ͻָԭ
λӡüͷ˼
ȻȽ뵽ǸģȻɵǸеҶ֮ľ콾뵽
һۡ
˸Źâ
ȣǿ
ӹɵģҶո˵˸ոսʱ𾳽顣ȴӸѹˣ
Ȼ𾳽飬ʿҲ˭ܹѹġ
Ҫޱǿս
ΣȻ֪Ҷǻ֮壡ô֪ģ⣬ý¶Գī
ܹһۿҶǻ֮˶ûж١ȻʥˣҲûô׿
οһ׼ˡ
˭ô뵽Ǹ֮صģҶൽڶ֪֣ȻҲп֪˵
ţ֮ʩչͨɱҲУ
壿
īµһͷ亹Ů˵ֲ̣̫ˣ
ī֮Ҷ˵Щ£Ϊ֪Ҷû취ʲôûУκδ¸סˡ
ôҶĹӣܲҲǸطġϾ˲ɵӡ
īȴ벻ͨôһϢȻƶϳôණ³壡
ѽüֹţ뵽ӵȻ٣ЩԼӦöʶŶԡôģȥǸطħҲû۹õһܿʵİ
壬ƾʲôܹʩչͨ
ΪҵĹ֪ԶһҪöࡣ֪һλȥ׻ƴ򣬸మ֮һӡŭ壬ܶˡ֪ǸӣԼĴ˵˵һϵԤйϵ
ȻεģҲ֪ˡ֪ô飬ѾֲܿˡΪеĺܶӵܡҲ֪Щ
ҵλӡǺǺǣͦصġԴĿһҶ࣬Ȼ˵ҹѽӦȥѽҲõô࣬͹ԹԵĸߣȸһķȻٸһ׹֮ǰЩʱҲã˰ɣҲûʲôʧ
𣿡ҶСĿŽ£˵ҾãĹͦõѽ
вУԲģҸģһ¶û˵Ҷ࣬סԺһҵġʦȻڻûаʦʽ䣬ʦͽһʵģҲԣҶûκ˽ģҲԶẦ㡣ֻɳʦͽҲһμѻ
ҶЩжĵ֪ˣлл
ȻҶûʦе㲻⣬¶Ҷ̬ȣǺܿĵġվǷ֮ǰЩ䱸ʼԼˡ

īڶһȻ뵽һ£ȥʿջϰ塣
Ҫ˰ĻҪʲô
ջϰĿ˳īð죬ȷû˯ѻ˵֮󣬲ų鴤˵ȥֻشȻѡ˰κһʶ֣ȻͿԴ͵ߡߴͿȡ
īŹâʱأ
ԣʱأÿÿֻ꣬սһΣ˰ϵģսĹơջϰ˵
Ƕڰϵ˵Ǻܲƽīʶ˵漴ֵѹɱ¾ײУҲԭɣ
ջϰųīĴָЦſ޵϶ԭ򰡣밡˭ԸⱻƵĴţʲôˣսȥս˵߿Բ˯һǸʱ򡭡һЩ顣硭ٺٺ١ջϰϣ¶һ˿㶮ĵЦ⣺˵ʱͻȻðһ˵Ҫս㣬㣬ô룿
ᴫ͵ȥīǳ鴤ţҲͷߡ
ᣬǳ˴ɱˣᴫ͵֮ڡѾܽ˺ðɣջϰ忴ųīκһ׼𾳽֮ϵʿ˵𣿡
ȷ㡭īЦ
ԣЩʿͨ˵ŹκһսǵˡΨ׺ݵɱ¾סЩˡȿȡҲ˵㰡һȰ㣬ˣҿͦ˳۵ģòҪ嶯ģҵķθ֮ԡȴЩϵˣʲôսȻ˵ңһϰ˰Ҳ롣ⲻʲô¡Ϊһˣʱءս㣡ջϰһϵĿųī
īͷԿջϰлллָô࣡
ÿϣ´λܼ㡣ջϰ忴ųī˵ʵЩһʿļ̫ˡΪԼͬǿǸ
ǡܶӴûмڶΡ
ȻҲ˼ҹ뿪Ҳ˵áϣɡ
֮󣬳ī뿪˿ջһȻ·Ŀĵǡֻش


1398 Ʒ
ֻشϿˮ
еһõĻˮʵǷˮת˼ľ񵥡ΪΨʿ񵥣һ뿪ֻ뿪ôһ֮Ҳʧ档
ԣЩǿߣػ֮ٴδûԼΡ
ˮת
öֻ֮شϿˮ仰Ҳͽ
Ʒһػغöεʿӵʮȫռκ˵Уһž޵콾ͬʱǸɣҲĽ
ڣ
ڣ
ڵĶ콾â䣡ֱƬصĳ
ԼȴûΪ
ڡûʲôԺյļ壬ҲΪԼ츳׿콾ڹâʣôƷֻͶԷһЦȻĬĬһ䣺ã
ӵнһУΪʱһΣ
Ǽʮǰˡ
һڵԡۼżʮССĺӡģʮ꣬СģҲꡣƷȺ˵УԵúܲۡˣռݵλãҲġ
ûһȺ¶һȺ޼ҿɹĺӡÿ춼ڼԵЩĺӲһȺ¶ÿҪǵⲻôĿġôܳԱôܻȥ
¶֮໥ľܼңǼһĺӺܰԵÿζռõλãһöǻᡣʹٲ
ûɷҲû˻Ⱥ¶
Ʒ֪ܿԼĸʲôˣǱģǸĸˣ֪һͷˡ꣬ͷ御ûиκֵǮĶ
ԣʱƷͿʼ˻켣Щһĺӣʶ˴˼̸н飬ҲûʲôޡƷÿһμСҲȥŭЩˡ֪ʲôãʲôáȥ˴˼Ҳల¡
򶥼֮һר㵹ĳҲȺϲġΪдûжʳΪţõʳģ˵õġﶼûʸΪʳġ
ԣÿԵĺӣǳǿ׳Ҳ˶ˡĺöȻιŵĹޣҲ
ûгģ˶֮Щҩҩȫǳ޷֮󣬲㵹ġûκõĶ綾֮ﵹǲ
Ʒۼһʮ˾꣬굱꼸ĺˡһԡҪڵҩѰõ鵤ȴӲ¶ˣ
ڵǿ߰ǿһȭܺһʯͷĴڣôϢˡɫ࣬Ӳû˸ȥ
ҲΪǼ£ʹõҩȺ¶ĿгһĽءû˸ȥ
֮£ѾͱȽܻӭˡҵһЩֵǮĽЩȥͨüǮżãһЩķϿʯǾͷˡ
ЩЩӵרƷȻҲȥһҡΪЩӣһѡ˭Ҫȥһᱻָзϡ
зϻϾ͵ˡ
طںԶÿһڹ㵹һҾ޴սɹȻսײĲֿڴ򿪣к¡
Ǹʱ򣬾Ⱥĵʱ
һм䣬Ʒ꣬ǸȻֹ
һȺԶԶǵţǶʲôʱԻǰ͸ϵ
죬ƷϣһѰƳذס
һʳзģʱָˡ˲ٵѪŻˡ
ʱûע⵽ͰǰСذ׸
˭ǰѵ֪ΪʲôȻһͨĸоƷָоѵԼ͵͵ԹһΡȷˡҲ˻˯߰죬˯б
֮һֱذײϡû뿪˺֪ܶ꣬ǰذףһΪʲôʳﱻˡ˵ʱλʦ̫ˣСԣ˾ˡʰ̫һԵĸɨ档Ȼ󡭡ˣ
˵λʦǰذ׶ʧѾǰµˣᶼûһ˵һܻеƣҲֻһѡ˶Ʒرչˡ
߻صǸƷһ׼ȴս
磬սƽ΢ôһᣬҲû̫£Ҳƽĺܡһһᣬ϶

Ук¡һꡣ
ţϣһСɽ
ȫǸָ
һȺССĺӣȫһεƺҪãܹż洫
϶дģˣһӼغ
̫ˬˣϣᡣһֱӳȥһץסһֻ鼦ļȣƴȥ
ȺӲûע⵽ս㵹֮󣬲ûֱȥͣڿУ֪ڸʲô
ʱսУһȺʮ˾ˣȻȥЩɬкӢŮƯϵʶʮָ߹
ǵģһѮߡߵϣһɲŭϢһĿȺŮѵȺӣ
һȺŮյսϴǰ¿ȥһ֮£ȫ̲סüͷÿǸ꣬ץһֻ鼦ļȣƴĻ档
Ż
һްƯĳŮʱ죬һţɫĵЩףڸʲô
ҲһѿüͷгǿȺԵĴСӣֱ̫ˣϻбŻôôˣ
һӢһɻĿߣΪʲôúóԷвɣ
ɫһΪһ߹ʲôнʳ𣿡˵ţһǸһŮ죬ҸǺúһΣףĸּࡣǲŬУ³δرȺӺö١
棬
ƷҸĸо̫ˣҲ֪ھٰᣬȻʣôĺö
̫ྫļȣȫģһ¶ûжģ
ֱļƷ
Щǿ׳ǮˣҲ϶ûгԹ˼ζɣ
Ʒţ۾һѰ׻Ķ档
ӣ
ӣ
Ȼӣ
Ʒ缤˶Ҫιȥˡ˵ӡΪ̫ˡͲˡ
ӣӰֵʳ
Ϊͨ˵ģ
ٻ˰ѳһӵ
Ҫǣ⣡


1399 һѪ
ʲôɣǿʢ֮һǵӣôʹѰ⣿õȫǸ߼⣡һڣȺðȻͻܶ
ļƷʳﰡ
ƷһץһӣȻȥһڡεӣԹǸҪóԺܶ౶СƷҪιȥĸо̫Ҹˣ
У޴սϡ
ǸߣָƷǸӣǿϵı㣬ҸǾöǰɣǾÿһ۶𣿡
ߵıǳ࣬һĨ֮ɫֱ飬һУѿˡ
սϴߵȺŮȫĬǸްŮһ˫ˮҲû֮ǰֱ飬¶˼ɫ
߽˵ʳĶʳƳɵʳĪ˵ǶȺĹ¶ȻЩСɵţҲδܳԵõЩмֵô
Ĭ
ȫĬš
档
Ʒһڰ֮˵ľ񶼱øӳӯϷ·ڷ⡣
ҪΣȴܡԣܿӵע⡣
Сӣŵʲôһʮ꣬һȡ
ӣǰӣӣһʮ۾ˣ˲Ʒ
ƷתܣץǸӡ
ˣҰǰһʮ˾ĮԸš
󣬸ոʮ곯Ʒֱ׷˹һȵСӣĶ
Ǳ߻кܶӣΪʲôҪƷ۵Уֺ̿Ͳһ˿˿ķŭ
ͬ⣬սǸһŮҲʣʦҿмʮءΪʲôҪǰ
̾˿Ϊ̰
·
ǸʮЦٶǵģڣû³ͲˣϽ
˵䣬꣬Ѿһǰһ󣬽ƷǵƷö࣬ңһʵѾıԵϣʱ̤뵽Ǹ硣ҪԸƷһСӣĲҪ̫ס
ˣǸ˵һòãһֱһġǸʱֶûеƷధš
һ꣬Ǹʮ˾ķһһЦˣһֱ㣬Ϊ㻹ʵ֣㲻Ǹӣóԣӽ飬ɱ㡭
ǡҪɱңƷ۵СϣǾȺͿ־壬̲סʵΪʲô
սϣŮȫˣͬԼʦжŲ֮ɫн磬ΪĵرΪ˹ŮˣɱԽҲϡ档ȴûΪһӾҪɱ˵ġ
ߵ˵ԡЩӣѾʼγСҪ֮ˡԺЩʳȫǵġ
ΪһʳȺŮȫˡǵһοĲпࡣŮЩԽܡ
˵ʱԣɱ¾Ѿʼˡ
һȺʮ꣬ϳĿɱˡ
ΧסƷ꣬һʼеԥһ˵һ仰֮ҲһѼ⵶
ѵ뱻߳𣿡
Ǹԥ꣬һ£Ȼɫʼ䣬еĵܷĥ÷ɿ죬£䡣
սϣǸһŮߣʦ
뿴Ϊʳɱ¾ȴ޶ԣûһ
·Ѿ˵ѪС
ΧƷڳˣǸʼԥһ˾øײУŷļ⵶ݺݴƷࡣ
ƷţһԹȥҲûܹȫ첲һ˿ڲѪҲ˲ʳ
˳Ÿ첲ʵеİ档ȥĿġ
һ꣬ʱѾƷ󣬾еĵƷĺģݺȥ
սУеŮȫ̲סѾ̲ס۾
ΨߣµĿţţССͣͶĺҡף
·
ɽԡ
첲Ѿһ˿ڣſڵϣȻ߬ŰȾѪӵƷ磬ͻȻӺһȻһǸĵһ
ۣ
ĵӣһȥ
Ʒ磬ȴĽ£棬֪ʱһѰƴСذףԥŸ滮ȥ
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귢һĺСͨһˤڵϡŽƷһӸˣ
⻹ʲôƷһÿˤ꣬Ȼ󿴶־һֱӴ̽ĺġ
ֻŽ꣬ĲҽȻֹ
ʱս߷׵ʱȻ߾ȵ⺢ӡǰѵôô죿Ƿǲǡ
·
ԡ
Ʒ磬ƽһɱˣڶڶġڲ
һʮ꣬ŷļ⵶ȴǱ־壬վɵˣ
Ʒ໵һУץŰȾѪİӣֳֵݺݴ̹ȥ
ͣ
һ棬̽ࡣֱɱ
꣬ո빥˵ĲλһСƨӲ˻
ʱǱǸʮ˾꿴߷飬໵һͳ˹СɱսҪŪ㣡
У趯һѳûκ·ȴҪö࣡
ۿƷҪĽ¡
ʱ򣬰Ʒ磬һ˭벻ľٶ۵ϣ¶һ˿ŪЦݣûκιĶҲûתܡ̧֣ǸȾѪİϣݺҧһڣȻ󽫰ӣԼѪôȥ
ǰҳӣ𣿡ֻаĺӣޱƽ˵仰ëȻĸо
Ǹʮ˾꣬Ѿ嵽Ʒǰ˽仰һӲûдȥ
عҪȥʱҲˡ
֣߳ƷˡҲûɱЩˣֻĺӡ
ʱƷ֣ΪΪӡ
ʱƷ磬Լļҡ
ߴȥ֮ƷΪڵһ״ӡ
ǸҰӡ
ʦǸߣ
ƺţƷܶꡣ
һֱɵ̤𾳽һ̣еڳʧˡ
ڵĽĶ콾
Ҳ˺ܶĿеż
вŮޣҪΪĵ¡߳Ե飬ҲһɣûȻһЩʸǰʦ֣Ҳõ٩ǳǳ˵һ䣬Ȼ滹üһ䣺Ʒ澳߳콾ڵĽ


1400 ɺ̶
Ʒں̶ߵһʯͷϣһӣֻ˼ȴûгԡ
Ѿɵ̤𾳽Ʒ翴ȥȻᣬֻУȴҲҲʱӰӡ
û֪һƽ˵Ǿ䣺ǰҳӿʱжô
ʲôƽǼٵģ浱ʱֻоͺޡ
ڣ񣬳ƽȥܳȡʵϣ˽Ʒ˶֪ıеֻ޾ս⣡ս⣡
ڣܶ˱ﶼӡ
ô̤𾳽硣ôҲһ൱ʦĵ¡
սǸһƯŮ
Ůʱ򣬻һ䣺˵㵱꿴Ҽʱˣأ㲻㣿
Ůͽţ˵治Ƕ
ƷԼҲԼͦǶģڣҪȥֻشͱҪ̶أ̶˭ҪͱҪһ
Ϸɣû⣬һܰ˴ϸն
ԼҲԭΪ۸ˡʲô磬ҾʲôܹôԼߵģǸãƷϲ飬սԼǿġ
ϧЩˣ̫̬ˣƷҲ̫ȥǡһЩѾ档ȾʿҪĲпͷ
ǰЩ뿪һΣ˰涼û֡Ҳ̫⡣ڣȥһ¡ɱ˸ˣֻˡ
λҪþáΪɱǸˣһϵ˽ӣںаԵؼһΪһҲ
ϷͷϣƷ˵£û˵ȥսͰǸһˡԪ񶼸һնˡ
ִˣں߲ܶ㶼ˡ常ϻˡ֤û˸ҶޣŷĵĻص
ȴǳƣܣɱˡԾں̶ϣ׼úõһ
ЩƷѾʮ˸ȥֻشɱԲѷġ׼׼ʲôǲĳ˵׬Դô
Ʒ粻ԶĵطվżˣȫһεĿɷǡ֪ʲô磬Ȼ˶š
Ѿû˸ҿ˵ʲôˣΪʱǰһԲѷ𣬱һ͸ˣ
𰡣
ôǿĴڣκεطǶһ
Ʒ̫ǿˣĵ̫졣Ȼʲôõһѵķĵ̫ɱֲ̫
һȥֱӾĥ˶ԷԪĥ˶Էĵ
־սϾǸֵĶԺ䡣
ܱƷײеˣ޼
ƷҲԶЩһۣӣרע
ôˣϲԵģǰӡһᡣ

īԶ̤ƶ
ϤĵΣȻһſջϰ͵ĵͼǵͼȴûбעʲôطǰȫģʲôطΣյġ
еĵͼֻעеЩĵطأ׵أЩеķֲ֮⣬ֻʣԼĶλƶȥһξ룬ͻʾڵͼ档
Գīֻܰһֱߣֱֻشɱ
̡಻ԣ
һ·ϣʮ𾳽顣һֻܣͰˡǹؼʱ̣ʹ˷ľˡ
ǶķҲ˵ˡ
ɴ˿ɼ
ôǳīջ˴ļƷϣͬʱ˸ӷḻս顣ս顣
Ҫɱ𣬲֪Ǵĸġˣʱȫ˵ֱӾͳ֡ҺãǷֱˡ
һս֮ɱһǿߡûж÷ȴ߱졣һǿߣûж߱죬Ҳû÷Է˸ƾУȻԷǾɱֱˡ
ָɴ࣬ߵĸɴࡣʼգ仰û˵ûκεĽ
īҲеķ
ûеûǷǣΨɱ
һ·ĺܣīҲվ׼ľ۱ԵţһսͿ̤뵽𾳽ˡ
ʱڿֻش
һ̰ӣ޴ĵ̰ӣب·Ѿôá̰ӵ棬һ̶̶ϣһһɱꡣԶվżٸɫɫʿ
Ůÿһϵƶܲ
ʲôī΢΢üȻȴҲûж룬ֻشķɹȥ
鷳
һٶֱӾͽǼ˸ˡ
Ǹʲôˣ
׼ûɣ׼ֵطǲǷˣ
һ׼ϣû𾳽Ϣ
ҪʲôҪֱֻش𣿡
˰ɣ
Ǽٸ𶼱ˣܶ˶һĿеĳī
һ׼ʲôزֻشҵȺֻشϷɣûǶⲻҹȥΪ˭
īĸоȺ˵Щ֡ź̶Ǹ꣬Ȼеˡ꣬Ƕ·ģ
Ȼ
Ʒ̧ͷһ۳īҲһĨ֮ɫ˵ȥֻش
īͣգ룬䵽ϣͷ
ҴһܣӮˣ͹ȥˣĻȥƷ˵
һܣīòһƷ磬ʱЩ
ڣ֮塣
֮ʲôʣī˽⡣磬ϹۡǶ÷Ȼ־˴ܣīôԼģҲ֪ԼĶ֡
ԣҴһܡҿ԰ѾѹƵڡΪѹƲ׼𡣡Ʒ絭˵һѡ񣬾ǽһСܽԹȥ
ԶǼٸȫһı飬ܶ˿īУֻ
һ׼Ҳ򲻹𰡣ڶѡ͸ˣƷӵһ𶼵סһֱӾ͸ˡ׼𡭡жӲסɣ
ʱȺһ欵Ůӣ̲סСֹ׼𡭡Ҳûġ
û¶ɣ˵׼ܴù𣿹һҿһӢһϷʵ˵
ī̲סͷһۣޱתУȴޱ𾪣
ǸŮˣȻ֮ǰشħ콾䣡
Ǹ𾳽ħŮ
ʱ䱻īһնͷ­Ȼ˾ͼͼӲüħĴܸˡ
û뵽Ȼ
ʲôħĲ𣿳īЦȻҡͷҪСˡܱ¶̫ĶȻħŮʹˣ


1401 Ȼסˣ
ȻҲ벻ʰ־޾ǸˣȻī벻һ벻ī
һȥһ˫ĵۣķǳ֫ϸ·ҡҷˡһɫ磬ͷСڼϡϡÿֻ棬ȻĸɫĴ
ֻǸȥͬǣǹΨҶǿʧˣ
ǵհڳīϵԭ򣬻Ϊط̫ࡣԲ
īƷ磺еѡô
ǱȺУʱһЦ˴׼𾳽Ͻس˵ȥɣⶪˣ
Ǻǣɱһ׼𣬱˵Ʒ磬ǣҲûжȤ
ǰɱ־ģһս鶼òûʲô˼
Ʒ翴ųīУԹȥȺм䡣
ǱڳЦīȺˣʱһ͡ɫúѿǿ׼𣬵ƷСǾȻһεģ
ͰŪһһ˸űɱƷѾܶˣԭҪֻشսһ˰ΡڣȴһӵĻ֪˭ءһ׼𣬿ɱ
ԣЩηİԶŲŲ
һۣȻЦŮģҲôġЦУζ
ǰԸ϶һƳȥ˭أڣң
׻ƴ򣬰ڳīϣĵȻҳī𣬵ȴرʹ޳īħ˵ӾǳǿߡԽǿˣԽǳݡҪܽǲڽŵ£ǻķڷȻлᷭҲ˿
֮һ£ϵ콾̫ˣǰֻһֻ֮ܣ۽̫խ
ԣԼԼһ޺ӣȥκˡ
Ҳȫһ𣬿һ۸ո˵ˣ˵㵹ôԡ
֮ǰɫһܴӶԷķϳԷݡ壡ǲǵġȷŽֻɱ¾Ҳ˭ɱġ
ɱˣ۵ļ塣¶ԷֻһԶףҲǡ
ߵһСɧû̫ĹעǵĿ⣬ͣƷȴûΪǸ׼ѡսˡ
ҲɣΪɲΪɱġ
īƷ磺ȥֻش
Ʒ̲ס´һ۳īȻ¶һпЦݣаս
ԶȺȫһƷ磬̫޳ˣǸ׼Ҳһвļһ
ðɡīͷӦˡ
˶ˣƷڣЩŵĿųī˵ðɣ
ǰ㵲ﲻҹȥַǵùȥɡһܣô죿īһƽ˵
˲ըˡ
˷ˣ
һǸɵӣ
¶̫ˣ֪սܼ͵
׼ȻսƷ磿ǡ
¸ңҾϲˡһŮһյ˵
һЦ˵仰ɡ
Ʒ翴ųīȷ
ȷѡһСƺ׵㡣īЩһЦ
Ⱥ˳ױˡǿųīıӰڿһˡһ˵ļҪļһʵûʲô˼
俴ǸӰҲ̲סƲ죬ĵΪǳīأ
ƷЦˣЦУûгŪֱЦ˵Цݡųī۾˵˵۸㣬ҪܽסһôҾ͸㽻ѣ
˻һԶȺӶˡ
˵ǰɣûɣƷ磬һڵܣȻҪһ׼ѣ
ܶ˺ܿҲͶӦˣƷڵ٩Ǹ׼ءӸƨһаͱ˰ɣҪܽסƷһУҲʸƷ罻ˡ
ǣ
Σô׵ġ
īƷ磬˵ͷаɣҪƷˡ
ðɣԶЩ˳ûл˵ˡǺȻ֣׼ȻûԭģɵһǸӡ
ƷǺһЦС
˵ţ壬һֱɵߵУȻվ
īͬҲɵУƷԡ
ԶǼٸˣû˶ǿֵȥƷһ֣׼ˡʲôɿģһ˼ûС
ְɡƷ粻֪ΪΣȻı⡣ųīһκζˡ
īüĻ䡣
ôţƷȻ׼ͦģԼһȻԸܣԸ񰡣
ī˵ּǿߣΨһսĥԼڻĶ֣û취һսһУӦⲻ󣡡
˵ĶԻȫ档ȫ󷭰ۡ˵ûոǸжң
Щ˵ķӦͬƷĿųīͷҺ񡣡
īЦˣô˵أ
Ʒɫһ䣬ȻȡԼǼķذסѵ˲ͱˣǻһѵ
īɫһݣˣȻԵģ
ƷȻһȣѵĵųīһ
һھһ
ƺͳī֡ȴûκ顣һߣҲûҪ顣ʦŵд̨
ˢ
һֱӽշֿγһɷƥˣԱ绹ٶȣī
ոǸ𣬾ôģ
ΪƷһУ̺ȫĵ
ͰԵһ
Ʋɵ
īһ˲䣬˾е־־־
ɽƷһӰ졣
ȫۼźµֱ档
ʱռ䣬ʱ䱻̣ռ䱻ָ
Ȼ󣬳ī˺µ
һɾ˲ںµϡ
ϣ
ʥķһƬء
īΣϵˡ
ֱ˳֮ң
Ȼǣ΢ôһ˿Ѫ
ˣˣ
Ȼסˣ
ǰѵǸ׼ǰѵǺµ
ţոһ»ԣɫ»ԣûȷǺµ
ʥʥµȻѹšԭˣ
ȺǸԶС۽൱֪ǳࡣܶ˵ϳ˺µ𺳵ˡ
𺳣ڳīסƷһ
Ҳкܶˣīеĺµ¶̰֮ɫ
ʥ
Ȼһ׼


1402 ҸҴ
Ʒû뵽Լ˰˳ɵеһȻֻö׼ʿһ˿Ѫ˼ҲЩˡ
һһҪֱɱ׼𡭡ôܺǵģƷ翴ī⼸͵Ǻˡ˵һ˿ѪһѪҲû˰
ôܣ
ƷЩˡʱͻȻʶԷҲһʹˣ
нõʿԵġȴ治ܽõ̶ֳȵģڴ֮ǰƷ绹û
׼ڵĵޱȾƷţոһܽī

Ʒ˰̲֮סһ䣬Ȼǹ˵ˣֻشˡҽƷ磬⣬ǽѡɳһҪúôһ
īЦŵͷҽֺڡ
ðɣְײˣֺڡīҲøԼʲô֡һŰˡΨгī֣ġ
ãֵֺܣԹȥˡƷ翴ųīʱ䣬һо
īЦŹ֣ңֶָ㡣
˵ţֱӳֻشȥ
ˣͽˣֻشˣ
·ϣȺȫɵˣ
ǸոΪȫûѳīȫûʲô
Ϊ̫ˣ
˫ֻһУȻͷֿˡƷ䣬ֺ뿪ƺˡ潻˸ѣ
走
⻹
Щȫˡ
˭ܸң׷ʲô
ֵܣұ֪
ôˣ׼һʥôˣ
Ǻµ
ǺǺǺǣµö˴ʥ֮ףѾʧ˺ܶꡭ
ֱУӦʸء
ȺУ˼죬һӵĿǵӰֻɽ
Ʒ磬ֻصǺ̶ϣóǸӣݺҧһڣһ㡣
Ի
֪жˣƷ硣Ȼ۰Ͱ͵ĿǵֻشӰе𾪣Ҳʼͣǿˡ
˲ð
ԽԽ˾ò˼顣׼۷壬Ҳ׼𣬻仰˵У׼Ȼǿĵ
ʲô׼׼ǻʲôǲԼôǵеĺܶûгɵ֮ǰҲϲ̵Ϊ׼𣬵̤һ֮󣬲˫ֲ࣬ȫΪǰ֪еⲢһֳЦԳ׼֮Ĳ̫࣬ˣ
ȻǾ콾ǵ蹵ҲһСŻ˫֮ĲࡣԣǳЦīȫûġɳīı֣׵߸Ǵǰ֪
׼𡭡Ŀǿֵزˣ
ƷһһڵĳŰӣͷҲ̧ÿȺˡ
īܿͷɵֻشϣֻشϣʯʯ߰ɣ൱޴ġֻش˵ʯԵ̫СˡܲۡΨʯǰܸоԼС
ʯֱ񡢵ذ˰
˰࣬īֻɨһۣӹȥˡûеʵ֮ǰȥսκˡ
Ϊû塣ҪõǸ
ذ˺ֻܶ࣬һٸīԿһۣ棬߸ռġʮа˾ġ
󣬳īĿϣҲ񣬲ϵġ
һӵڶʥǣģŴ壬Ц责ߣŷƣڰˣھţѩ᣻ʮ¡
ûиոǸƷ磿ī΢΢һЩ˼顣Ʒôǿѵϲȥ𣿸ոȺķӦܸоƷӦһǿߡΪʲôû֣
ѵڵذϲɣ
īţֳŵذȥһһٸ֣Գī־磬ֻҪһͿԼסȫ
ذҲûУ
īЩˡȥ˰񣬺ðɣ˰ǧֵУҲûκһƷ磡
ˣ֮ǰ뿪һĹֻҪ뿪־ͻ˰ʧƷ粻֪ʲôȻҲˡ
ʱЩǲŶһķߡ
ôˣīЦʵ
û˼ҸҴ򡣡ƷЩƵ˵
ȺȫһѪô̬һԲϾͰ˴ɢ˭Ա˳ŵĸ
ȻȻҽطһе׼ǣΪ˱ǿģΪģмĻ˵ģ֪УҪӲͷƤϳ壿
īҲһı飬Ʒ磺ִǰǵڼ
Ʒͷ˵߰˾ʮȫǿ̫ˣҲʲô˶ϲġ
⻹࣡
īҪ־ʿֻ˵ʿ̫ˡ
¡ʮǺǣ֪һλϴãȺʿ˿Ҳ˿񣬲Ц˵
˵ҲѾܶ˰ɣ
ǰȻ󾭳ֱȥ
Ҫ˵ΪذһҲ
ϻȻˣǣ𣿡
ߣСˣҶһľ磬ʤҲֻһ֮ˡ
ǺǺǺǣֵܣҶһľ磬սͶһˣѵûղǸ׼սһܣܴ𣿡Ц
Ǹ𣬿һƷԵĳīʱЦҲʹҪԵ·ܹסƷһҲʵɣսôҵĶ֣
ԣ
ֵĲ¶˼
Ǳߵĳīһ˵ʲô¶ǶסˣҸҴ𣿡
ȷǴſֵ˼ȴû뵽ԷȻìͷ׼ЦôֺǰɣǲǾԼҲʵ㣬֣һֻ֣
䣡
ΧЩȫ˷
˵ֿˣ֣һ㶼ϡؼսһ̫ˣ
һ׼𣬾жǿսЩ˶֪
Ʒ΢΢üȷͦύīѵġ֪ΪΣڳīϣƺܹҵһʡʣʿȫҲġԣĲ뿴īʲô⡣

īҪ˴Ҳû취ȥ
ãҲûǿȥиߣͨǿսǿҪսս㣬һ¡īһƽ˵


1403 ÷
ΧȺ˶ʱһƬȻޱȳԾĿųī֮ǰΪɵǸӣȻȥƷ򡣺īӮˡȻǻʤҲȷʵ𺳵ȺˡǲΪɵַ衣ڣǸͷתصǵ
ˣɵַ裡
ɲǽ˼һУս
д̨˺ܻܿģ
īɫȴޱȵƽĺȥ²е뷨
Ⱥеüͷ֮ǰûע⵽ֺôסƷһġֺϵһЩϰߣܾһϤĸоһ
ȴʼ벻
īսһЦ̲ס
žžž
˼°ƣȻ죬ĵͷãããǾսϻ㣬һս˰ǰǧأ
˵ⷬʱϳ˰Ȼ֮ɫ
ΧЩˣҲȫ¶־֮ɫ
óīһ̲סﹾһ䣺˰ǰǧ˲ô
ڳīûôɵ仰˵Ȼ϶һƱˡᱻһȺĭ
走㶮˰ʲôܹ̤˰ʿҲüӣӵ൱ߵ
īû¶καӵɫԹɫܸоȺ˶˰֮顣ֲòսƷ磬ԭһȺ˰ûϣ˵Ҳǧļһ
īǷţȻգգ۾˵ɣս
˵ڸոոƷǶݵһս֮ڵս⣬Ҳ˳Щ꣬ĴСսʵ̫ˡսһ·ɳġһʱûսԼû
ԣһʵĶ֣ǾʹԣУԸǣʲôɫ
Ǹڿն𣬷ɵ֮ϣӸ£ĮȻųīɣ
īҲŷ룬Ӵָ棬һѵĳ
ʱЩˣҲȫգīóһѽȫסˡīĶ֡
һĿųī㲻õģ
ϲýôī˵
Ǳ飬īԼͦǷġǳīһħŮǿšõôأĵվҪƭһûôס
ýͲһˣ
īĽΪһǷ𴫳÷ҲǳͨΪһ߽÷ƾһ÷ݺ׻ƴꡣȺܱȵġ
Ц˼Ȼ˵õһᣬϧýһףʲôĽ
ûꣿϽģһأīһۣʣµĻȫҭ˻ȥ
ΧһЩǿЦ˵׼𾳽ļһ̫Ըˣһ𾳽ǿߣ޾ɫҿӣƺûѶԷﰡ
ƷҲУԺܸɾһ˶ûС̲סаԵͷ˵ģԣԼĸΪˣ
ϣ
ֱӰν
ȻҲϻˣһīüġ
һƵ磬ٶȿ쵽˼飡ûбͨ棬ǵĿ죡
죬ʿĵ
ǿ콣˳˰ǧһǿߣѹ˵ҪǰǧʿϳīսݣһĽ˵
ǰ˼Ҳ꣬һһӡûҲԷƱԱ˽ӻ⻰û˵꣬ǱУȻ÷
ÿһ÷˵ʵǸոմ÷ƮһȻŵķҷϢ
һֵ
һֵ˼չֳĵ
׼ĽȻҲ˳ڣһǴðģ̫ˣ

ȺŮ޷һ󾪺
д޾ɱ˵
Ϊֹ˫ûײһΪ콣˳ոǱһˣ
÷Уʧȥ˶Գī
ԹߵĽǶȿīվ˳һȴƫˣ
ڳЩ˳ī֮⣬ȫ𾳽ʿȻֱܷīõĽȼ
ƷҲһ죬ĵѵţԾֹͨܶ
ϣ
ʱ˫ĵһײˡ
һ÷ײ˳ĽϣȻһӵľ죡
ӣ¡¡죡
˳֣һ𣬽Ƕ÷飬Ȼ󡭡¶һĨЦˣ㿴ҵʥ
ʱȻܴһ󾪺
˳Щ֣һûʩչʥأ
ʱȻоһǿҵɱ˷
ôܣ˳һеĽʱһƬӰ
콣˳Ųǰģ
ϣ
һľ죬˳ľĸо
Χ۵ЩУ÷ͻȻ˳ÿһ÷޾ɱ
һ׼չֳս
ͨ
ܶīЩˣ׼ʩչ̫ͨˣ
ƺҲֻЩܴﵽ̶ֳȰɣ˰ĿתƷǱߡȴƷͬһصı顣ЩȫһͻĵѵƷǿߣǸ硭Ҳ
ڣ
˳һ춯صŭһɺ嫵˳Ȼ÷ȫ飡

ǿ콣˳
һƯ
Χ۵Ум˵
һ̣ȺϵıȫסΪĿһӰӣ쵽Ƕ޷·ôһɲǣʱ䶼ͣһ¡
ȻǵӰӣѾ˳ǰһѱĽ˳Ĳ
ˡ
ī˵
ҵ졭Χ۵Щǣȫɵˣ
Ⱥеڸոʱ̵һɲǣ۾ﱬһŵĹâȻɫ˲ͻָƽţ¶һ𾪵Ҳž
ߵǸƺЩЦȡɰˡĽԻ̫ǿˣңĽУٴһʱİ塣˳̫ϡ
ͷԭȴЦ㶮ƨǽдһʱİ壿׳գȥоܴ㣡
콣˳ңû뵽ԼȻ䡣û뵽ô죡˵ֶԾЩʱʤֻһɲǡǣûֺڵǸ֡
ԷҲһ𾳽ʿôȻˣҲûʲôǣֻһ׼
㡭Ϊʲôɱң˳ЩѵĿڣųī
ԩ޳Ϊʲôɱ㣿īһЦջеĽ
ʴȣẦԼ˳Ŀһ۳ī˵䣬תˡûˡ
ûʴȣẦ㡣ΪûСƷ翴һ۳ī˵
ҵԭ򡣡īЦЦ
ɱ¾öˣ
ʴȣȱȴӲΪԼǸʴ֮ˡ
ֻԭԩ޳ܷһαطҪɱˣôˣ桭Ͳˣ
Ʒ翴һ۳īȻȻЦǽͬΣ


1404 Ĵ
Χȫһ֮ɫҲһЩ˵¶˼ɫĵͿʼ𣿵ȷ˲ţκһĴﶼŹ׼𾳽磬ѾӵôֲսҪɵ֮أͬʿмĶ֣
ţ˿ʼĵͳʯȻûīʸ񣬵а
īƷ磬ЦЦ˵ͷ˵ɣȥһֻԨ
ȫĿųī˵һı쿴ȥսҪǿ
ֻԨʲôط׵֮ĵ׵أ
ֻԨ㲻׵أûʲôΣպͲ꣬ؼֻسˮ֮ˮһ£ǿӰ쵽ĵСҪǰһӽȥ˹ֿò˶ãͻӲıǹ֮
˵ֻسˮУпֲڣ飬ҪֻسˮҪ
ô꣬˵żʥ˾ĴȥȡһЩֻسˮҩ֮⣬ûȥȻֻԨûŽ׵أںܶĿУȴǳ׵֮⣬µĵط
׼ʲô
ȥʲôƷһֵĿųīʶīǻˣҲΪֻԨһ˽ⶼûС
ȡֻسˮīҲʲôЦŵһһʦ
Ⱥеˣʱһ͵͵ľī
һһóֻĵһΪһԵʿĽͬޱȾտ˵ԽʿҲû˻ỳʲô
һó־ѧѾ˰ɣȻóôģڳЩȫţɸλһȣŵĳɫƺһӾͽ̫ࡣ
ûִһīҪȥȡֻسˮˣһˮ׼϶ͣ
ܹõֻسˮģҲǸʿ
ƷЩȵĿųī㣿ʦ
īװãô񣿡
ƷЦĲ񡭡
īЩȻ˵ǲǿֻشңȥȥͻء
īҲȷȥȥͻأֻȡһЩֻسˮѡĿǲҪˡ
Ʒԥһ£˵ҸһɣǱ߲ȫ
Щ˶һĽĿųī˵׼̫ˡȻΪƷҪִһҲõ
ʱƷȻóʯȻǱߴ
ţƷɫ䣬ųīһǸ˵Բֵܣҵͬ˵⣬ҪϹȥ
īڰ֣޷ȡæǡ
ǵʶӡһ¡ƷԼĴʯӸī
īҲԼĴʯӹȥ˫ԿӡһڶԷĴʯϡƷŴҴҵĸȥ
Ʒһߣī˵ܣҲ𡣵ٸأ˭֪жǶжģ˵滹һСħŮء
ţīֱҲ뿪ɵֻشԵֻԨһԾ¡
һǸɴడ
̫ˣ
ҪҪȥ
ǰѺµ
һЩģֻشԵʱѾīӰˡ
Ц̫߿ԼˣᣬѾӵսǣֻسˮе飬ҲҪ˱ܣ
ϧǰѺµһź
ȺУǳԥԾһˡ˵ڻݵλߡҪϢݸ壬ȴһⶼûС
ǵģѾϳǸ˾ǳīˣ
˵ޱһ裬Ϊʵ̫ˣ׻ƴ򣬳˳ī֮⣬ȷûܹٽ뵽ԭħҲһ£ûܹ뵽
˭뵽ĮȻħ֮󣬻ħôһô
ôȻû䵽κһħŮͷϣ䵽ͷϣ
һУҲֻ˵ɺϡ֮޴Ӵ⡣ԣеЩϴڣҲ˵Լܹ͸ȫ
īȻΡòһȫȥһˡһȴûб䡣ǾԸ
һ˵ƢԣҪı䣬ʵ̫ˡ
˵īӴʱǳ٣㲻ʲôӴӦ̫˽Ŷԡ
ƫƫԳīһУȫ
Ϊīӡʵ̫ˣĴҲޱȾ޴ġ
˫սһͨīȴֳī۱Ҫֻ࣬ܺߣţڶսУӲǱīնȥԴһͱǸŮָȻħԴͨߡλܣҲΪ˼ۡ
ߵʿȻ޷֪ħĵλǳߣǽħĵһšû֮һΨһ
ħ൱Ĺذ˶ԼŮĹذħԼŮҲ̸ʲôذ䣬Ȼԭġ
Ȣ䣡
Ϊ䳤ƯΪ乻ǿҲ㣡
ħţµĺӣһħġ
飬ûоܾǲ룬ǲң
Ϊħһ콾ûκθħϾıǮʸ񡣴ħһͷɱ
ԣԴħĸְţƴӡˣһħȻսܣȴƳһҲߵõ˲Ϣ㱨Ǳ֮ǵõ˽͡
һ
մħ飬䡣
ħȴ֪뵽֮󣬾ûȥ٣Կħ֮ǰǲȥġ
ħ壬ħ壬һصصħ顣
ȴǳҪΪһˣ
ң޸ħ׼ȷ˵޸κˣ
ԣ֮ǰһУħί߰ˡ
ȷͦʹ޳īģĽī֮ǰûгԹôĿһ㣬ͱī׸նˡ
֮۽󿪣֪콾֮ࣿǰǾ֮ܣûκġ
ƾϵеӵܣҲҵ֯Եõһӻ㡣ҪطվȽŸˣԶġֻԼϵǿС
ߵӵܶ죬ĺܡԷǰζԴħĲм
ǰһ׼ʥˣħ֮ӵܵУʲôأ
ףУҲһȽиԵŮ˶ѣԷϲֻռܲʣȴֲ¶κηļΪûȥ
ָоǳơ
ڣ˳īԶ϶Ǹֺڵˣʮа˾žǳī
ԥҲ˼ܻȡ档
Ǹ淢õأͨвīȡࣿ
淢ǱߣӦûо޴ĽѲ£ԭܼ򵥣ͿΪɱīĴ۾ܸоȻ֪Ϊʲô淢īˣ
һߵӵܣаҡͷ
£δء


1405 ֻسˮ
ӴʱȻܳѾӵǸʲôɫһ־޴ĺô»ԥ˦Ϊ˱ܣܻɱ
һ㶼ɣãֻҪԼܸ֪һ̾ͻᶯ֣
䣬ʲôأ
ÿǵʱӵº͵ʵ
ӵܣмѩ壬е֧ӵܣеĻѪѾϡˣгϢ𾳽ˡˣڻУĵλȻЩճһȴߵöࡣ
Ҳʹüѩ˸߰ϰԣ˵ĿӣҲ١
֮ԶħŮôģΪйɫŮˣȴûħŮˣ˵Ůӣһħ콾
˵ħûбӡֻӵĵطܹɵҲѾǺһֳɾˡ
ܾ裬ʼպòȴž롣ѩҲеģʵףʲôħ磬ʲôħʵףҪȥҪΪøߣ벻ѩ壡
ϲеսĻҪһͶͱģᷳһ׷Ḷ́ͦõġ
ѹһۼѩ壬ȻһЦ룬ֻسسʲôأȥֻ˵ֻسˮº֮ȴδ
ʲôÿģ㲻ΪֻسؾͿֻȥ˰ɣѩȻʧЦ̫ˣء׵ֵطֻԨûô֪ȴ̫ͬ³ֻͨĺܲҡ
ţллѩ硣ȻһЦʮġ
ѩ忴һȣ˵䡭
ʱȴͷת˰ʯ棺ѩ磬ȥ˰òãˣ֪ĸλأ
ѩոҪ˵Ļȫ˻ȥҲûգЦֻǿڵذβϴţѳߵλá
ۣô˼˰ϲءһ𾪵Ŀżѩ壺Ȼ
֪жʿаһһӵܣ˵ġ
ҪȺ˵һ֮ԱǣһĻᣬǱ֤Ҹˣ˵Ƕƨ

īϵ·ȥֻԨʵ̫ˡѾ·һʱ䣬ûеסͷȥѾ߳׵סʲôˡ
īٶȺܿ죬ĺУľĴߡŨĳ̶Զʤ׻ƴ̫ࡣʵϣľŨ̶ȣǳߡνĴԵʲô˶ܹõطȴҪʤطҲΪʲôЩ׼ڳȥƣҲҪԭ֮һ
ķתľյ嵱Сīɵ֮󣬵еĵ̨ǧȫ뵽СԾԶʤͬʿ
֮𻹿ԻʤҪΪī׼Ѿɵˣ𾳽磬ʵѾˮɵ顣ڳīⲢûʲô˵ġǱ֪׼Ѿɵ϶Ȼ󲨡
̫ˣ
ΪֹûдϢеЩϴǣ׼ľͳɵˡվûܹ֤㡣
ʱ򣬳īѾ޾ңԶ·һ޴ĺ
һɼϢ˳ǺֱīΧ˲γһǱǹ֮ɢ
Ȼֻسˮ˿ֲīɴ۾ɢȷǰȫġ
ǿ֮ǹϢմȾʶҪ͸ĸоָоּȺĻͬʱ޿̲ƴī嵱ȥ
Ǿʶռ죡
ķĲ֮£ʶеܿͱɢˡ
īûиӦʲôĴڣҲû˾ͷ˾衣ֵط䣬ӦĶҲƽ
󣬳ī̫ͣõʱ䣬׼ȡֻسˮ֮뿪
һʱһɺƵ֮Щȫ𿪡
ţ߿Ѫ£ʼųâ⡢ܻա졢ء磬߿Ѫ£ÿһ棬ʼɢһǿȻʼЩ֮
߿Ѫ£ȻִƲˣҲֻǵõѪ¡Ҳȫӳ
˳īϣʮ꣬Ѿ߿Ѫ£У˺ĿѪµУҪһŻѪ¡
ʵһֱīûرŪ顣ܶࡣ
ڣīʹû߿Ѫ¾Ȼ֮
˵ǳī־磬ǸҲܹ߹һ֮߿Ѫ·ӵѾе㲻Ǳǿյģģ
ߵ֮˳ֻسسģˮУγ߸󡭡ǺС
ţڴ򿪣ͨһ˲дֻسˮ뵽ȥ
񣬲УѾһڤˮһ·Ǹʴ൱ǿĺˮڣҪֻسˮγɵĴˣ
ֻسˮһӣ·ȥ߿Ѫ£ڽһ֮
ī°룬ĵûһˮܵˮԴʹáպˮӦٿһĺСȻĻԺһʼ飬Ҫ
Ϊһ̶ȣѾʼ磬ݻ飬Žȥȫ
һС磬𾳽ʿȫӵкܶڲһĴ硣һīľ㹻ܹʼոī־Ļô磬ҲؽϵĽܹг顣ȻǿǺܾԺˡ
ڳīߣġҲ
գ۹򣬲統УѾӵ˴ֻسˮ֮ǰЩߣȡֻسˮҩֻͨȡһ㣬ûīֱƵģƺҪˮɣ
ԣߵĶֻܿسˮע⡣
ûκεĹ۲̽ȷʲô֮ڵһʱ䣬ԥĳˣ
ǵģΪףǸĶ
һɫĹâϸַ쵽˼飬˲
ˣ
һһγһǿķɫâס
ţһͷȻֻسˮðֻ޴ֱ۾еĲĿתƵīϡ
īȻһֱ׿ĸо
⣬һͷޡֲޣ


1406 ׼ʥ
ţͷӴޣͬԴϴˮӴֻسˮ֣īΪһ
ǣ
ֻسˮУ൱ӴڳˮиĲ̫ˣԿȥһ
ţⶫſѪڣŲͬīڣһҧ
һڣе
޾ǿķҪҧƬ죡ղȣʼִѺۣһȷ硭˱ǶѬ˻
ƽ׼𣬾ȷ綼ֿס͵ñѬ
īʶûʹúµΪµԵģԸֻسˮޣûʲôЧ
õ߱죡
Ȼеðգû취ƷϣϣĬ̶ϣ߱춼Խµ̫ࡣ
īһնȥһѪĹâһߣͷ޵Ѫڡ
ͷǿ޾ĵī޿ɱһīһͷͬҲܲˣ
ۣ
ͷĴУ˲Ѫ
ͬһѪӣֻسк
Ҳ׼ŭˣʹͷŭ˻Ȼųīҧ
ִķǿѹⷽء޾ңԶֻشϷ
һЩûȥʿվֻشԵ¿ţǵȫ¶֮ɫ
ѵǸֺһȥǵֻسˮеĿֲ飿
Ǹ˸һָо·첻µز£˵
ǱŷʿпҾýͦˣڲ֪硭ֻһˡ
˶̲סЦ˵ҸҴģһΣֺڶܻôһ룡
ǰ׼ľս񳣿Ʒ磬ֻһֻԨֻسˮпֲ黹ܲĻȷľͳˡ˸͵
ҲЦԼĿǾã˭һһ׼ֳֺʥƵİʥ֮һĺµ֮һ£
˵ܿͻᱻ˷֣ĳطˡ˵
ʱ˺Ȼ˵˾䣺ô˼һ׼𣬱Ⱥȴӹɵġ
ȺһӰһЩ˵Ȼ¶ֲȴû˭Է
ڳЩɶнľӢǻԸĿһУȴûûġɵˣʲôվһ·ļ
д
ǾôԸϡֺڡ㣬ҲòűȥԡǸһȷʵ
Ҳû뿪վڼѩߣǵۣ棬һȥѩ淢īݣȥвīʲôͷҸʱ䣬īȻ󣬸
ѾˣīǸ׻ƴʿݼù⣬ħħŮݣֺγʣǱ֪ħģ»һʱԶ㡣
£Ʋ
ںܶ˵Уī׻ƴݸ߹أ
ΪȻǱӡһ򣬺ôҲǰ˸֮һħʲôõϿôôãûħ֡ĿУħ磬Ҳֻһӡ
ħ磿ǲһֻе͵黷ӳɱ¾ĵطôǸطҲܳǿߣ
ԣˣܵĻҪīˣ໥
ƣǿԴӼѩȡܶĵһϢţīһܸȤڳī̫ˡһֱȥôò˶áĿУˡ
ȳīɵ죬սϵЩǿߣҲ⣡
ȻīΪʲôᱻ׷ɱѾ֪һ¡壬ҲԵףһ㣬ܸܳ
ļӵܣǿģ
棬ÿһֱ󣬶һԵĴ
ǳīһңʱ򣬾壬Ҳδܰô
ʱ䣬ܹЩѾǺ˲һˡȫ벻Գī²Щԭ򡣸벻īˣͲ塣
λþ۽磬ĿǰλãܹԶѾ˲ˡ
˵ھϴڣҲ˵ѡǴġ
ѩ忴һ˼䣬һĨǿҵ俴ʱϣ¶º͵Цݣʲô
ȻһЦ˵룬ʲôʱ˰Լһϯ֮ء
ѩȻʧЦһʲô¶С£ϣͷҸһһ£Ȼٸ׼ŵҩ֤ľһأ
ǣлѩˡһм

ۿͷ޵ĴڣҪԼɣīѾն
ÿһ˲СĴˡ
һҲ׼ŭˣƺѳī˲ݡĵ̫ˣѹųīӲ
īԼļֵȥԿĵȻǿ󣬵ȴ̫ˣ
ҲҪһѿʼСʱվǴġ
īĵѾСˣкܴĲࡣ
ѵҪ÷ô
ī̲סЦ֮ǰޱҪ׶÷߱죬Ϊߵָԣ̫ǿˡ̫˲³
ٲõĻҪˡ
޵ͷ­Ѿǰǳī־һ̶Ӱʱռ䣬Ѿˡ
⣬վԹΪķɣ϶˺Ҳû취ʲô
ʱͻȻ䴫ݸīһϢ
ֻ֣
īһӾˣ׹ףȴЩԥ
ҪǱһˣʲôʱܳⶫɲѰޣĶ棬һġԵȻ
ǸóȻ϶ᱻ
ǿɾˡ
ڳīԥĹһ·Ծƥֱնͷ޵ͷ­
īһΪľ磬ȻȫûиӦκףţһջ߱죬˺µȻ󱩺ţͬһն޴ͷ
ʱͷҲʶΣһŭ𣬺ͽƬո÷顣īûнǽǿ˻
Ȼ澳֮壬Ӳһ
ۣ
īһѪĹǣ·ȫһ㡣
У¶ޱȼɫһҲնһ硣
ȻͬԣȻͷ֮ϣһ޴˿ڡ
ǵֲĽˡֱӽ޵ͷ­նˣ
޷һ춯ص˻𣬾޴ͷ­ʼֻسе䣬ûͷ­ĲӣҲɿȥ
һŰµӣ˲ûпīһֱۣӳͷ׷ȥ
̧һ
꣡
Ǿ޴ͷɢ޾֮һ֮£ֱӱ룡
ϵϢҲóīޱ𾪡ΪϢԼϸܵ
׼ʥ


1407 ӵ
Ȼһ׼ʥ
˭
Ǿ޴ͷȻѾն䣬ֱ룬ȴδѸٵĺһȻֻسУӴҲ¶ͬһͷ󣬵ȴʮɡ
ֱӷգǿҪѹӣ
һХǰѳ䣬նʮΣ
īֱӿôסб𺳵ԸӣŽн
ŽԽ
Ӵƥֱӱӣһ˲䣬ָɼʮݣ
о޴ɲǼ͸ˡһһϰɴСľīߣı꣡
ī΢΢һǿѾǰīʶģսĿռȥ
ʱ򣬾ͼǰӣʼȫɱǿͷ
Ľ̫ˣͷֲޣǰ޵ֿ֮԰Ҳκεв
һһɣͷޣڶ̶̵ļ֮䣬նɱ䣡
ٶ̫ˣĴռ䣬ҲһС磬ܸ߼һɱһա
ԳīûȫĽࡣ
һ֣죡
īܵǸ콣˳ǰ˵֡
Ӳ죬ҷǳ׼
ͨ˵һٶȿ쵽һ̶ȣͺԵľ׼ƫ׼ͷӵľ׼ȣīĸеզࡣȫʶľ׼һؼôٶȣ̶ֳȣò˵һǿ󵽼µˡ
Ϊ׼ʥֵܹزˣҲǺܶࡣ
Ӽͽͷ޴޸ɱȻһ㲻ʣĽȫװ
̤գīǰ´һ۳ī΢΢һЦӵӦþǿǸǳ׼ֺ˰ɣ
īһֺ֣ڣ֡ȴеȣһǰİꣿѹǿԭӵ
ֵ֣ǺǣǻɣӵЦǺǵĿųī۾ﻹżϷʣҲ㿴ҵ֣ô
īһĿӵ˵⻭ת̫죬еܲˡһ׼ʥǿߣȻǸôЦļһ
Ҫлл㣬Ҫ㣬ⶫ϶ⱻ˼Σѧˣϳӵֹһ䣬ȻһˬʵĶԳī˵ǿ⣬͵ҵлˡֵܣŲ˽ֻ޵ļֵûϵͷ˽һֻޡ컯֮㡢̶ѩֶҪǵļֵޱȰ󡣡
ֻޣոⶫֻޣ̶ѩʲô㣿īû컯֮㣬ȴóīһ棬һ컯֮أ
Լпзֳڤ棬ⶫڲﷱֳļ죬Ҳ֪ǵʳʲôڤˮһʱȥڤͻֳᷱһЩ컯֮Բꡣ
ֻسˮֳ컯֮㡣ʱ򣬲У컯֮ͿԴԴϵĲ컯֮ˡ
ӵ˼ⶫܹ
ī˼ת˱ȭлӵѡ
ӵڰ֣޷ǵĿܸоҲǸͦ˼ˣˣϲ˼˽ˡƷһûϵʲôʱɵˣ㣡
ӵ˵ţһ˲ʧ
ӵī߶֣Ȼ󳤳һ˵ʵոһֱһģ¶ԷͻȻ֡ⲻʲôС֮ģԷʵ̫ǿˣֵطʲô鶼пܻᷢ
ͦ˼ģȻ˵ԼǻЦһԼĻ
ֺڣֲ𣿳īüͷԼͦõġ
ī̧ͷһۣûʲôֻسҲָƽӦòʲô𹥻ˡּʼֻسˮ
ղҿûĻȻڿѾӵˡҪ䵽ԷУ
īȥǻһĺ̽յĽʧճȥָ˿Ĳİ
Ȼƽ˺ܶ࣬˰ʱ֮ѾγһƬ󺣰ˮ档
ȫֻسˮ
Ӧòˡīһ䣬Ҫǽб˿ôֻسˮ϶ᱻ˵϶룺ֵܣҪҪԼŪһֻغ
ֻسˮ޾īô࣬ˮ棬Ȼһ㶼ûм١Ȼ¡
īʱҲûȤȥֻ̽سصܣֱӷ𣬳ֻشķȥ
û˶·Ʒ磬ֻشҲָЩﲻ߷ɹ˰ϸϸоֻмۼڵذʯǰûȥ
īֻԨгһЩ˵Ĺעǿһ֮󣬾ͽĿŵ˱𴦡
ȷܲпᣬɱ¾ƽ˵ʵ𣬶ɱԼ׼飬ûжȤҪսģǸԼͬģãǱԼ΢ôһģ
Ψ֣ΣУõ޴ջ񣡲ȫ׵ļԼǱҳԼеĲ㡣
Ҳм𣬿ī֮໥һۣ໥佻һ
īҲеע⵽ǼˣɫֱӳֻشˡѾõֻسˮʵһܾõԸӵϤ컯֮ܰԣīҪ˽һ¡Ҳһš컯֮ԼҲӲڶڳīҪһ£ǳɵ
֮⣬С¡
ĲпᣬīѾܵҲˡ׼磬ֱ̫ˡһʱ򣬶һָ߸ϵԽС
īںȴߵģ˾Ķ
ڣ
īոշɳֻشһĹ򣬺ĵӰڸ档
Щˣ֮ǰûߵЩˣרֻشġĿģȻԶ
գۼ䣬īѾɳȥԶˣȫûвȺ˵Ĵһ㡣ķǵ׵أ
īҲЩջüͷŵ׵صķӿٶȡһ˲䣬ΣʧС
ˣ
Ҫܣ
ס
᲻̫ˣ
ĸ𾳽ʿ˸ĹâҲ˲ӿٶȣȴ˴˽š
ģѹ־ʿֵܼ顣һӥǵһ˵
Ҳûôһȥֻʮ߰꣬ģü
һ֣ûĻᡣӥ˵
ҪǱ˷֡Ʒ硭һʮ꣬࿡էһеŮӵҲЩǡ
ֵܣҪǲ˳ӥ꺮
Ҳ˵˵࿡¶һЦݣƺһ㶼û
һȽϳĬԵӣʱīߵķüһǸֻΪ˰ǣȻ׵طȥˡ
Ϊ֮ǰ׵أʮ߰ģЦ
ӥһ٣ӽȥ֮ǰɱ


1408 
ĸͬĵ磬̤գųīķ׷
īͷһңԶգĬĬһ£׵أٻҪСʱ䡣ǺĸˣҪ׷һʱҲ͹ˡ
ҪһأҲҸһ¡īЩźš
ǶԷĸˣĸٲãҲǳɵʿĸһ˸ӦƴһҲ϶Ҫ١Ҫôðű¶ķգʹ÷
ɳīʹ÷Ƶ̫ߣѱĴʧַһ־ʹˡķǿһʸ뵽ǰʮĴڡһȥ롣
ī±ģԼ̫ˡ
Ϊˣʵ̫ˡӵܣͲ֪ж٣йصˣ
³īƷӵ֮ģȴҲֻܸѡڼԷǱ˼ˡЩ˸Ͳ֪ϹϵҪٵʲô
Գī˵ݣһһ졣īʵݣһסġڿʼҲȥͻƣһƫԶ棬Ѱһֻ׷˵ĵطնԼһУĹһ
Գī˵죿
ڵЩϴڵУ̫С̫ע⣬ɵһΣҲһϴڶһɱˡЩڵУͬһ㡣ϴڣ̫ϡɵ̤𾳣ҲĶ
ǳʥˡǿɾͲһˣ
ʱ˵ѡ˵ЩϴڶԳ֡ǲ֣ЩʥĴҲһֵġ
īֻϣ㵽ҲҪһѰԱĻᡣ𣬶ɱģ㵽ϴڵľ磬δҲδضһ۵ɣ
˵ĳ֣ܻϴڵĵУ硣
ⲻǳ
˵е̫ϣһͷܱ档ôôѵҳīδɾͣܳԽ̫ϲɣʲôǳ֣ʲôɻǵУ
ֱĪ
Īڴˣ㻹û˵Ժٵ硭ôֱ̫ٵˡ
īЩ飬ȴһ㶼壬ӹȴû˿ĺۼ
һܿ찡Ǹʮ߰ģ˸һĨ֮ɫֺڣȻóʵ治
ƨֺڣ˽ֵôӥǵһЦ
ģ΢΢һ˵Ҳǣ˵һӵҲһӡ
գɲ˭յġǸЩݵƺ֪һʲô
ӥġģеŮԻǸģߴͶӥǺݵˡ
ӥǵͷ˵˵ĸӣ
ģòȫ̲סһȻ˳ǣ໥һۣӶԷпһĨ𺳡
գƺҲûʲôϵĴԿȥûʲôЩһЩ˶ûϡȺԸĶ콾ôû
գӡֵϣȫĹϡ壬׷ֹ塣Ǵӿٵһ𣬾еϡؼЩϣһֱǿڣ
˵Ǽϴڣ⼸ϳȻ漰Щϴڣٺȥ֤ˡû˻ϣЩϣ棬żӰ졣
ȷпᣬɱ¾ݺᣬһ⼸ϵˣ콾սУȻʤҲֵġ
ˣǾͲҪȥЩûˣҲûʲôϵӥ˸ݻ˫Уڻ
һʱ䣬׷ݵ˵
һ󣬳īǰңķһãȻλΧסʲôҪɱҰɣɱΪģƺûκκô
ٷϻϵĺµȻ󣬰ĴָǿԷһ·ȥֻʮ߰꣬ģ俴ųī˵
ǶʴȵģûҪɱ㡣ֻҪѶǾͷһ·òһŮӵһº͵˵
ӥӺûгȴȫʶīסһīκ춯ǻڵһʱīĴ
ҪҵĵīһȵĿˣ֪֪ʲô
ϻģǳ⣺˵˸ϽѺµ֪ô֪ǺʥƳʥ
ҿ֪īȻǳĸ𣿡
ôӥĻŨҪ̲סˡɲǿ콣˳ܱ֮ȵġһذϵǿߣͿīˬˣʯ٣ͳˡ
īЦһǼȻ֪µǣ֪µ˭𣿼֪ĶȻ͸ܹµ⣿˵ǲ𣿡
ӥ΢΢üҲüȫųī·ҪӳīϿ쳣֮ɫ
ĸע£ī治ɫϵϢ˿䡣ЦˣøǶ˵Ҫµǰɣ⣡
ī˵ţֱӽµգȻ󵭵˵ã
µգʥϢɢһɾȻɢĲκʿеԡ

ĸˣ˭ֻҪһ֣ǵΪ磬ֱӾͿԽץ
ˣȻûһ˶֣
ΪȫīľٶŪЩͷԡ
īʱ˵ҵĴָϲȥмʮڵĶʯ
мʮڵĶʯʱīԵĸоĸ𣬺һȫһ¡Ȼ˲͵ˡīǱ𺳵ˣ
ΪĶ콾ӲȱԴҪ˵ʮڵĶʯЩˣĴû
˵ǧڣ˵̫ܶģҪ˵ʮڡ̫ˣ
̰˶УͿǷдĶˡȻʮڵĶʯڳκ˵һʾ޴ĲƸ
Щˣתȫ뵽һ⡣⣬ȫľսĸо
˵īոǷǿԵɫŻˣڣһ׼ƾʲôźµʥƾʲôܹӵмʮڵĶʯ
ֻīһƶı飬ںӾ֪ʮڵĶʯĺµں
ƾʲôںʲộôĪʲôͷ
Щͷ˲γɡ
ʱ򣬳ī˵ˣָ滹һ⣬ոֻԨ棬ӵնһͷֻޣһ⡣һ׼ҲܲˣҪɱɱǿûӵµķӡǷĳԱǡ
ӵ
ӵ


1409 
һ
׼ʥʿǸոջ̸ˣ벻תۼ䣬ʹӳī֡
Ȼĸ˺ȻȷڳīֻԨ֮ǰӵȷֻشϣֻ˲ʧˣûӵĳֵġĪӵڳ֮ǰȥֻسأɱһͷֻޣ
ԽԽַĸо
ӵϲֻޣ£콾֪ӵϲֻ޾˵˳Եĳ̶ȡȻҲ˵ӵֻޣѰֻصܡ
ʲô˵ӵֻ£ǧȷġ
Ҳû˵ӵκ˷ֻ顣
ģЩŵĿڣ˵㴢ָмʮڶʯҾ˵ģ˵ӵһֻ޵⡭ƭ˭أ
ܲںĳ治ڱī˵ţȻֱӽöָ

ͬһɽƵľʯֱӱī˳ͬʱģǿϰɴСֻ⣡
ޱʣ˵ָʱӽ̣궼ԱʡڳЩˣǺģһ۾Ϳǿ⣬ȷʵģ滹ֻްϢأ
һɹϢҲɢ
ѻɽĶʯеľʳųֻֻ̲ܵ⡭
ͬǰѺĺµ
ȫУȥֿɵá
˵ֶÿһ֡
ڴ˿̣˵Ǹò𣬾Ҳȫԥˡ
ֻ⣬ӵģʶӥۿųī
ʶīͷҡεĸ˹һһμ
ôܣӥһƭҵı飬Ц㵱ɵ
ī˵ɵƭ㵱ģ˵ƭ㡣㲻ɵ˭ɵ
С
ʣҲȫЦ
һ֮ɫ㵱ǰ׳ӵκ˷ֻޣǸ㲻ʶôָܷôһֻ⣿
ҲЦôһֻ⣬ټֵʮڵĶʯ浱ɵˣ
ӥӽӹĿųīֺڣ벻˲ĳҲ֮ڡǸӵ֮ìܣȻӵǶ԰ɣ㵱ǻ
˵ţӥӻһңе㻳ɣǶֺڶֵĻӵ᲻ͻȻð
īһνЦݣ̫ԼˣƾǣҲܸӵȿȣҲʶ
תۣޱӲеɡڳĸˣȴƫƫȥˡ
ʵīҲû˵ʲôϴ󲿷ֶԼƾ顱ģ
ɹԼŻԼ
ò˵Ļѻ֣˷棬ּ٣ƫƫǶּ٣ģ
ԡ
ӥӶݺݵĿһеĺµѻɽĶʯУһľսġ⣡
ߣӥһȻһҧתߡ
ֺڣˮʵ̫ˣﵱ׼ɱԱ֤׷ӡطĨȥкۼ
Ϊ𾳽ʿǻǾ߱ġ
ǣǴֻش뿪ʱҲв˿ˡ
Ǳ˼ֺڸߣҲȥͷһӵֺڱҪ׷ĸǵһˣ
кµôλε֤ݣ¶ѣ
ӥǼȫһĻƵ˿졣
һΪûʲô׵ģȻһͷ
ָоǱֻ޸ǿһ
̫ôˬ
˵ݵӻһֱ٣ΪѾɵ϶ϲŭɫ˿Ҳ̲סҪĳ嶯ʵ̫ˡ
ҲһɥƯЩ񻰵һ޿ӡ
һѺµںϣ֮ļ۸ٹĸÿ˷ֵһԴ˵ǼʮڵĶʯǿ⡭;ۡ
øۣ
ĸ𣬼գ֮䣬ͳʧС
īڳһЩջصָ棬Ȼ̧ͷһգ̲סЦ벻гһգҾȻҲнñͷ˵һ졣
ȻеƣȷáĸˣӲԼĪеԼһ֤ȷӵˡ
ȻĻīҲֻܼĸ˾һսˡ
ԷĹ˼һīʵͬҲ˼ɡĸҪǺҲͰˣǵУĳһˣݵλȽ֡ôܿͿ˲鵽Լͷ
ī̲ס̾˿ЩˣʵĶֿķÿһˡ
Ҫɡ̸װ
󣬳ī뿪ŵͼһǷȥ
ڵ׵أīڲŲȥֵطгһջȥǿ϶ľﵽѳɳ̶֮󣬲Żῼǵ顣
һΣһ·޾գвʾīԶƿһЩΣյ飬ڻսʱ
գһųǡ
ͬһĳУųǺܴҪ֮ǰīȥǸ֮һ
ϵǽשɢԵζûжٴϢǻһ˿Թ
ףīЩֵĶǹϵĳǽĵǽôԹֶѵǽ֮£̫ɱ¾ЩߵĲʺԹͶ˳ǽ棿
ʱһһվڳſڵʮҵ׳ŴֲֿȭĿͭĶųīǽǮ
ţīʱ΢΢һŵЩʿΪʲôã
׳һ֣ΪǶ㲻ǡ
īͷߣ̧ͷ׳ģ
ҵͽȥ׳һ⣺һĸţֵڰءֻע˽Ǹ˵ƵģʶĻ͹ԹԵĽ򶥼ʯȻʵʵȥɻ֪֮ľ¥ջ̣ǵģ򶥼ʯͿ׬ˡطľŨȣԭĴǿ˰ɣܵ˵׬ġ
󺺵Ŀųīһռ˵ģ
īǳ˳飬Ȼתߡ
ιСӣʲôȥ󺺼ˣüʵ
ǮǽҲ˻ôī˸ۣһǣҸȫطȫĵط¾һˡ
ǾȻ⣬׼һѺõĸоûСīھʶвĵͼ뿴ĳʲôط
Ǵ󺺴ûһԲתߵ׼˶˰Σع֮߳ŭغСӣҽô
īûͷߵĸˣ
ֳͻѹһ嶼ûУ
һ»ðһѣǲŽͱѡ
һ󺺵ľǰŵģһ˲ƣڳīߣŭĵûСˣôǣɱģ⡭Ӵûô


1410 𾳽ƭ
һ۵ı飬һīбۿҪߣУ
㻹ӶࣿСӣ˲ô̰еˣ󺺸ӳīĻһĵУֵ׼Ҳһͦϡ飬ٰʮôٰʮ˰ɣҽѣ
ī̲סŰۣͷߣԴ˿װǲʺҲϵһ䣺磬ʺɵô
ôǿǿƤƵģ
ֳ棬׻ƴʱ򣬸붼ȥ룡
˵ָ߾ģ磬ֽڵʿҲȵĺܣİ
ѵ˵Լǰ۽̫֪ͣ־ʿʵţë
Ҳ԰

Ǿۼߴ콾ĵط
Ƕ콾ĺ
ī˵ҲˣҾûôŵʿ򶥼ʯܶ𣿰ܹܶģһǧ򰡣ǧֶˣ𲽲ƽˮ׼֪֪棬Գ׷ģڳûκ˸Ҵܣᱻ۸һ֪꣡һꡭôľŨɣţԭڵĴðɣһطҲõİɣο㻹׬Ǯ
īǳ鴤ſŴ󺺣ÿǶһɣûڳܰɣɣ׬Ǯɣ
һڼۣ򣡡󺺵ͭƵĴӣҪðˣŭɶĵӴûô۱⣡
ī˸ۣ⻹бǮ
ϻҪϽɵģ󺺱죬Ŀųīֵܣң˵ֵһ¸ҽ׼м˵ϸ⣬һܿŸΣͿҡҿŰɣ
ī󺺣ľ磬ⲻҪľҪǽ׻ƴһµʱ䣬Ϊǧڵĸ̡
ʵҪҪǮô
ȷ̫ˣ
īŴ󺺣˵ʮҾȥҾߡ
ɽһ˷ܣĻһȭͷ
īʱˣһãȻĿ󺺣˵ոǸһڼ۵Ĺֱȥˣ
ʮôģôϵƭĸо
ֵܣȷ㲻ƭҵģīбۿŴ󺺣󺺵ıôôֱڳīҪǸֱүǲŽй
Цƭʲôһ˵ı飺ͷȥҳ˰ǧʮ屡ƣ飬ôɣ˵ˣϽȥҾڳſǵ㣡һ仰ƭģңһǧһ򱶶ʯ
ŴһɫǺģīǳ˳飬˵Ҵˣ㻹治ʺɵԽƻɵİϷݵģ̫ˡ
˵ģһ򱶣㣬ʮһǶ١ţһڣסĻī˵ţֱԽ󺺣ųǡ
ͷųīıӰǳ˳飬ֹôое쬵ģһڡ̵ģһݣСضܴˡ
幾ţǶûתͷߡΪһ𣬾Ҫԣ˵߾ߣ
գۼ䣬Ӱͳʧˡ
ȳī˳ǣûöһĹҲͳŪˣǸ壬ǸƭӣרŵƭЩ׼¶żҲƭ𡣼ϵˣûвƭġ
Ϊû˻뵽һ콾ɵ𣬾ȻʹСˡ
Ϊʲôһֱƭûбԭ򣬾رţƵĵܵܡ
ֵܣ塢𱡡ơ졣屡ֵܣϴû¶Ҳ֪ôɵġӣȻҲΪˡҲֻ˵츳̫ɫˡ
ܵܣ𱡡ƺͳ죬ȷ˲ãȻûе񣬵ȴʼڵذǰʮ
УҲźպĴڡҪܵܣɹƭģͱ֪ٴˡ
ī֪Щ֮ҡͷЦҲû̫·ϡ
һҿջһԺ䣬ִŷġҲ޷롣ȻǮҲơīϵļƷ쾧ʯֹǼʮڣֱ಻ʤӻ뿪ʱޱǻ˺ܶһԵĸļƷ쾧ʯޱĻ˵ǣ綼ģ˵ЩԴˡ
īһûз⣬Ҳͷĵס˽
Ȼʼ
һαչأֱӾ룡
ò˵֮˿ֲ콾ͷҲ벻ûԭġ
ʵ̫ˣ
ʱīȫ£ǧ̨У˾
ÿһ̨ͬһС磬īһһһһĻۡоԼе·Ҫըһ㣡
̫ǿˣ
ī֪ϻûԼڳɵʱһ̨ǧ򣬵ָо̫ˡ
׼֮ǵ蹵ڳīѾȫˣ
ŵ˵īе˿ѷɫκһӽмʿ
ĵ
һ޵еĵ
ȻѶȷǳ󣬿һʱ䣬īԼֱŵĸо
ƺʱˣīૹһ䣬Ȼ˫ۡ
٣
һĴ٣
Ҳκһ׼𾳽ıؾ֮·
Ψо٣̥ǣ̤
īڶǰͳɵվûоٵĿ顣˵٣У飬ҲԼУ飡
ĥ£Ǳزٵġ

īһȻһ뿪ǡ
Ҫɽ٣ҲѡֵطȻĻַ֪ʽٻʲôӡ
īȻ֪׼ɽʲôģȴҿ϶Ŀ϶һ
תۼԽɽ󴨣һһ·ǰ
һͷ𾳽Ļ飬ɫۼףȻһɽдڳ͵˹
ī̧־һƣֱӽͷɫۼ׵Ļɡ
ڰУӾͳ鿪ˣķѣһҽжûüţīԼٶȣѪǣȫսָ档
һУǸӵѪġȷܹá
ңԶĵطһɫȹŮӣ΢΢һ૵ĸͦǿġ˵ţϣȻ両ֳһĨ֮ɫ
ⲻ
īϵǹƣȻޱǿϢ죬׼ϵϢϵϢȫͬ֡
ȹŮֱӱˣųīһ·ԶȥӰһĨǿҵս⡣
Ȼĵġȥ


1411 
īڷٵһƬɽϷʱһ棬ʶ֮һŵľ·һУԣ
ۻľ飬һУģѺáΪīʶӹ֮ԵĸܵЩֿܡ
һֻϣɢɱ⣬ƺھĪʶԶ㣡
īһЦˣ
ʱͷһۣգ١ȴһʮ־׼Ϣˣ
طҲܱ˶ϣī΢΢ü漴·ɽ뵱Уһ޺
໣
һͷȻ˲
ڳīУһɽ룬ͻȻ䶯ˣ
Ȼ󣬴Ļľ׷״ɽ滬ȥŴʯ飬׷µ䡣
飬Ѿ֪˶꣬ܵīʶ֮ѣȻ󣬷һŭ
һǿĴȻīϯ˳һ㣬һһ
һͷ顣
ͷϣǡԭӦ޴ɽ塣¶ǵģ滹ռŴвٻľϡſһ㶼˸оͺЦ
¶ƬÿһƬըУںڣͬɡ
ֲܿһ飬Ѿӽ׼ʥĲΣﵽ۷塣
һ˫޴۾ɭɭĿվŵǸ飬͵³һף
һָĳȻ棬ȼһаȡףնȼˡī˲䱻׻Ļ𺣰Χ
Уǿķ
Ϊǿ飬Լķַ򣬱ѹһеĻ
īһȣкµֱͷȻնȥ
һ̹ǵϢʱб
֮׻Ļ𺣷׷˱ܡֱӱһ·Ȼֱ顣
໣
̧һֻ޴ƥǰצǰצӥצۻУľ
飡
īһնĵǰצݺݶԺһ
ǿҰ˷һƬ֧顣
īȫ£ǧ̨ͬʱת߸߷Ȼݺһţ̤ͷ­
·һ㣬īһ̫ˣ
飬Ҳܵһɾ޴вУһĨȡ
ʲôʱ򲻵𾳽飬Ҳӵôǿսˣ
װȻֱſѪڣҪһڰѳīˣ
޾ԶУȫϢȹŮӵУҲɵ¶һĨ֮ɫаˡĺǿ󣡶ּ飬Ȼã档
ɲвĵ͹ģҪǿʵΪȻĻ϶ᱻһڸˣ
ſѪڣī˲ʧԭأֱһţݺݵ̤ı档
һͷ­̫ˣıӣһСɽ֮£īһֻһٶȼĳı档
ɽ
īпţֹһ䡣
һţȴͷıֱߵݽȥ
ţ㷢һ춯صĲҺԴһɾ޴ƥԱһᡣţӾҵķ
һͷӽ׼ʥ飬ڳī׼۷ʿǰȻһ
ŭɶҪˡо洫ҵʹʹӰ쵽˼ά
໺
ŭţٴһס
һ׵У̲ǿƥ
棬ӿֲ
īҲԸ档
лӶźµƮƬУʱһطնһ֮󣬾ͣתߣһĿꡣ
ңԶУǸȹŮһ֮ɫ૵Ǹһˣ
īһһٶ̫ˣͷ´Ƭ˿ڡѪܿͻ۳һѪӣƬУ֮󣬿ʼٵĳŵݵشȥ
һĹ򣬾γ˴ССʮѪ
ȥĿģ
ҪôҪôīݹȥ
һͻȻССһɴС缲磬ųī
Ѿī׼ŭˣҪīһս
ϣ
µһնϣʼ޴Ľӵ졣޵С֮Ҫ׵˿ڣѾûôˡ
īʵ̫ǿˣ˿Ⱦĵǿ
ֹ˲һʱ䣬īͻȻһȣһɳ̵ϣһɼǵ˿ڡ
ֱʱĸܵܵвһʵŭζѸٵʧյС
ˡ
īûȥ׷ֻҪطѡ
طľʵ̫ˣ
սЩľȻڲϵţʱᱻ飬ﻯһƬһ˲䣬һɫð
ˣī֣ͣϵĸֻľʼ賤
һգ۵Ĺ򣬾Ȼͼڸ֮ǰսµкۼ
ǼѪڣȻɢŴ̱ǵѪʲôûзһ㡣
īۿЩľڷ賤һЩС磬һգ۵Ĺ򣬾ʹڸһءһĹ򣬾ȻͳڴֵȻ󣬻ڲϵУ
һƬءī˵Ȼ̧ͷһԶգīһƽ͵˵ѣȷҪһֱǣҪɽ٣۵㡣
Ǳವһ£ԳһɫӰЩǱĳŸԶĵطȥͬʱһ仰ҵɽٽսһ
һ㶯Ů
īüǵɫӰԶȥȴûгȥվһ԰ȫ
롭һ˵ȫʲôգۼͿԹ
īҲû£٣ˣӦûԽǿĴڣԽǲԸմȾСġСĻûͱˡ
īֱϥƬϣǸոձǸڵĵطľģ
ī뱩¶̫ܣڴϣʼķеΨҾ
Ӵľ޾ĺīšǱѾӯǧ̨뷢⡣ֹâīĵиӡסˡ
ǸŮԶԶĿţīҲܿԼ
䣡
īкܿ㴫֮Ǵĺڲߵ
Ҫ澳֮壬׽𾳽磡
ңԶУɫȹŮ΢΢üЩȣȻīеһЩܣȴܸоͻƣƺѰ׼е㲻̫һ
̤𾳽磬ʿɵɾԼĵ
֮ǰ׼սǿҲӦĵȻǾ콾Ҳһ㡣ܹģĸǾ콾
ȹŮӶԴ˷ǳȴڳīϣоһָ׼ȫͬ
ˣǸսһ̣ϣҸܵġȹŮӵ۾Ȼɴ⡭ôأ
ȹŮӲŵĿǱߵĳīÿüҪšһˡ
ˡù찡
ʱһɾֱ
꣡
ûһƬƵ޾գֱӽһɫס


1412 
ûнơֱӽ٣ʲôȹŮһֱЩšûмô١ʹûм٣
īҲû
Ҳܾȣ׽ٵһ˲䣬Ѿ׼
ȫǧ̨ͬʱγһǿĳ򣬽ɫףɫĽ
꣡
׺ݺڳīϣ˲佫īһ
ԶյȹŮƯϣ֮ɫǶų˳顣
ôӲһٵף
ǲǷˣѵûκη֪𾳽ףÿһǿǷ򡭡׵֮Ϊģ
Ҫʲô
īͦһоʶЩҡˡ
𾳽ףȷֲ
еһ̨Уȴ׽٣ӡһıǣ

ڸ̺Ļ֮
ǸȹŮ֪һᱻīľٶó˵
Ϊֱȷ˻Ҫ¡
̫ˣ
ܸ֮Ķô
֪ǧȴû˵˭ȥͻֵⲻѣǸܣ
㶼ˣˣƨ
꣡
֮ϣûнƣٴνһɫס
ףɫȥѾϵЩˡ
ȹŮӵ̤𾳽ʱԵ٣ļףƺɫġˡȴֻǸտʼɫЩѿһǿҵĲ
ѵˣҪԼ츳ôࣿ
ܲȴϢĿš
ڶףʵóīܵ˸ǿҵĻϢ
ڳīȫǧ̨һ֮£ڶףȻûī̫Ĵˡī״ĵ̨ϣɫһ㡣
ĵһֱھŵ׹ȥ֮
ī̲סһѪ
һھѪ
ѪأɱޣƬѪڵĵطȻﲻ
ī׵̨棬ǵı־Ѿ÷ǳЩҫۡȥ
̨УҲϴ¡¡֮Ȼģ٣ڵ̨УһСģ٣
īڶɽ٣̨ͬҲڶɽ٣
ֹĳǳīԼЩΪҲû˵ôĶɽٷʽ
óīľоǣ̨УǳСģ٣Σԣٵ٣
һ̨ٵǿɲǧ֮һ飬һֵĳȥ۵Աߵ̨Ӧ
ÿһ̨ͬһĿռ䣬һƬ档һƬͻ𣬿϶ᲨһƬֺȻǳīҲ޷ܡ
ԣòԼĵڶԪ񣬶Ų
ʱͷ޾Ĳ֮ϣſʼнƻۡ
ī΢΢һĵʲôٵĿʼոǾŵô
ԶȹŮҲˣ۽;Ѿ콾ˮ׼˿̣ãȻĸо̲סпǵɵǳ
һ˲䣬ȻҪĸо
һ漴һɿϲĸо˲𡣵־磬Ҫ߲εĵ̫ˡζʲôȴĺܣ
һεĶܹջǾ͵̤ʥ·һԳˣ
κһ𾳽콾˵ǲ˼ĴԵ
ȹŮЩӵĿǱߵĳīֿһ޾ǽĽƣ̲ס̾Ϣһ贡ȻǷ˼һ飿
˵ţҡͷ̾Ϣһٴκ˵ҲաǷôһ飬ҾΪ㻤һκˣǷıˡ
˵ţָ㣬ֲϽӡΪһ㣬ԳīΪĵ㣬γһ޴ķ
ղ󣬶˵ѣⷨϣӡǡһ˿ͻῴķࡣеݵλû˭ðŵķգӲﴳ
һ֮贲ϥգʼ׷ѰŸոһ򡣼һ˲䣬ͽ硣
īͷյĽŨ񣬺ѹѹޱȳء͸ľɱīü֮䣬һĨ֮ɫΣͣƬϣڿն
ķҲڸٵеУؼ䣬嫾ϵע뵽嵱С
꣡
ڣڽ۵һ˲䣬һףī
ףѾȫǺɫˣ
ī
̺ɱѾŨһԸӵĳ̶ȡ
ôһһž޴ǳҲҪ÷飬Ҷʣ¡
īԼĵӲףȻΣ֮ϷȥѾ޵ĽӽƬˣ
꣡
һ׽ˣ
׼ڳīϣ˳ųīͷֱ뵽ĿꡭȻǳīĵڶԪ
λĵڶԪϣһսףսޱȼ̡ʡ֮£ս˲飡ڶԪֱӱûѡ
īѪ˵ľ״̬˲÷ǳήҡԪܵش״̬ҪǻܺǲǼˡ
īӰûֱͣӳ˽ƵС
ٶֱͱѣīף޾ɱݺųī
ڵһеĽƵУīֱӼ˻¯ŲȲֳ߱졣

һףֱڻ¯ϣһӴľ졣
¯У˲䱬һɾ˵Ȼ׸ˣȻʼ
ͬʱ¯֮ī׵ػ
߿Ѫ£Ҳ⣬īס
ʱ򣬳īһ˫УݻٵصĴ磡
ǴȻȥЩߣȴ޾֡磬ʵҲǳī硣
īһնһס
һУ˵ʵϣ̫ˣٶȣ쵽˼顣īһնȥٶȣͬ쵽Ըӡ
˫ݺݶԺһ
߱쾹Ȼһͷľޣ;һڣֱӽ׸ҧһ飡
Ȼ߱Ѫɫ棬ø˼֣
ûһġȫаľ
Ȼɽȫͬޱȹ٣ֲķҲ޲ߵĸо
īڿ滺һʼȫȫĶԼ̨Ǹ
Ǹٶɹֻһȫµĵ
ÿһֵһǿ󵽼µĹ⹦ֻˡ
ɵ֮÷ˮ֮īյĵѾʮ֣
У֮ǿģˮ֮īڲϵĸУĵģ漰Ӷᣬսģࡣ
ս棬ǿģ֮û֮һ
ǳīܹɹõ֮ôĹֶΣͻֶһ֡
ֻǣ̣̫ˣ


1413 
³ī澳֮ʣ־ѵ츳Ҫɹ׵֮ҲҪ̫ࡣΪ֮ǰû˵ĸʿ𾳽磬͸ȥ׵ֻĵ
ûκβο԰еһУҪԼ
īԼ˵û·ǾԼһ·ߵ±ߣû·ˣǾͷɹȥ
Ҫͣ£
·ͣ£ζźˡˣʹƽӹ
ţ츳ȱ˺þʸ񱻳ΪšǻҪ޷Ŭ
ճɾһľ콾
·û˭һֱߣ˹¶ֺ̿ʱо
ûһͲҪ·
īϷѣȥĿģһ֮ճһĴ
Ϸ޸ĨƽٹѡĨƽֹѣ
һɱ̡
УīϴڿѪʹ࣬ǳ󡣻׼𣬾ôһ⣬ˡ
һǾɽٵḶ́Ҳܲˡ
̨еڲϵĺҵƣڳīѹ£δ˼̨ϣǵӡǣҲҳһ
Ϊ׵籾ǻģԵīĵУȴǳ޾
һոտٵݻĴһûκλܹīеǳǿǿѹ׵֮ĳ̶ȡ
˫ȴֱҪںһԣͳֿƹ죬ʵĽ
̨е٣Ѿӽβīֶֻ֮һ
ףȫסˡסһϵƴ˺̺ŵİ
ɲʲôԣǸ⣬ҪģֻǵʲôνͿԣ
еײһȴ޷ƿγɵķ
į̄еٽһɲǣīֱ˫ۣȫȥȻʼǿƥס
īľ񣬿ȥȻ̫á֮ǰܵشԪ񶼱òѡѾɹ֮˽ַȻֻǸոŵĽ׶ΣӦ֮ףѾ㹻ˣ
ٴ壡
īڽУһӭףϵԼϣ̨档գۼ䣬̨е֮Ѿ˴Ļۡ
תḶֱ́Ŀɿڴ
ȻϣָоȻܣȴѾ޷˺ī塣෴֮ǰܵشԪҲУٵĻָš
һޱḶ́ǵ
Ƿ񣬲ڽͻⱾ൱ǿķĿ󣬾īǳԾôװ
īҲǿ⻹ֻڻ浽죬īҲȫļԦǣ¾ʺսĲҲѹųǿʿ
ǶӦþ߱
īУڲϵķݻı֣δġͬʱҲһ׳־
һ̣īġ
֮ףڳīϣ嫵ӿ뵽̨Сī׵˽⣬Ҳһֲ˼ٶȣڷɿš
ָоˮ
ڣһףڳīϣ̨֮Ľƣʼɢȥ
īڣںһԵ˳ųī壬Ȼ
ľ磬
Ϊһ
һУֻ˲ʮʱ䡣
ң뵱꣬뿪˽׻Ƴǣ̤ϱѩ֮ԭȥʦѧգѾȥʮꡣ׷˵һʮˣʵѾʼĺˡ
һ䷲ˣͣų֪ϥǶá
ī֮·ȴ·ոտʼ
ȷһʮʿ磬ҲǺġ
ī֪Щ콾꣬Լ䣬Ѿɵ̤𾳽磬оܽ
ûпҲûԴֻǾúο
һ·ܲס˵ڣ֪˸׵Ŀʵһֱû뿪һֱĬĬİɳЩ壬еֹ¶жܶأ
īٵͷѸٵ˵Ĵس޾ľﶼļ졣ʵʿˣ
ûǿô屻֮Ѹ飿
īһͷڼͷϴޱɫս£Ѫʢֱʡվգ˫Ŀݻ硣ͬһo
־磬īԸԵĸܵߵǿΪ֮ǰٻģĸӦһߵĴڡ𾳽֮ȥӦһ㶼ӦߵĴˣ
ζʲôζߵˣȫԵߵĴڣȫԱչֳˣ
ǰϳǳīڴ˿̣վڶ棬϶ΪԼ֮ǰˣ
뵽־֮󣬳īѾԺںԼһΪĹֶΣҲøӷḻپڹȥЩǶԸӦϣīԼķʽ
˵÷īʱʩչôȥ޴ı仯
ͬն÷ȴ˾֮䣬ȫͬŸϵĲͬ
һֱϷĸı䡣̣ǰѿʯƳٰƳɸһÿһεĴõĶʵʵķԾ
һ·˳˳ˮʵ򲽲ģɱķɵ˼ҲֲͬѰľĥ£˽ҡī嫵Ĵڷɿݻţõĵڲע뵽ǫ̈̄С
ֻݻ磬Ѿȥ˱ϵУѾʼ
𾳽ʿǿ֮һ޵ۣʱضݻԸִȫ̡УҲȻȫǳīĵݻģ顣Щ飬Ҳھָ飬Ÿָ
ӳ߾硣ܹ𾳽ȥ
ֻһУգֻǳīĵ
ٸһ磬ʥ˾ݻ磬ЩͲֻˣиָĶԹ
ʱݻĴ磬ھĺ쳾ɣ
īʱ룬һУ磬ֻ᲻һϵġ˼Ĵڣݻأгһգܹ忪һķ羰أ


1414 ʥ
Уƾȥ¶ͷտաһֺգ
˵ںܾǰУмʮ̫ڷ⣬ҫÿһءʹֻа죬ûкҹ
νҹֻڴ˵СһԨҫһƬ
оӷֹ˼еֻ̫һţ˰ͺҹ
ůīУҲȻһƬȻʡ
һֱڵеЩϴڣڵԼĸסţ᲻гһգԼһ¶ϴڹɱ
ڣЩģīѾȥˡѳɵɾʱʵѾɵ񾳽磬Ҳ׵׷̤ΡѾԳ׼һ߱
ɱʥ
īھֵһȫе̨ȫԳ׽߱
ֹʥ಻ɵ
Ḷ޴Ĵۣûϵ
ԣˣֻҪԼ㹻ˣ
īһȻһܡ
ȹŮ贲µǵ磬óīϣ¶һ˿ЦݡǸŮˣԡ٣ڵ˺ô֪֮ر
ʱҲѾѹϣž޴ľϲ֮ɫȻңԶգīӡ
ī־˲˼ľ磬贵ϣҲ¶һĨ֮ɫոնȹ٣գۼѾɵˣ
˵̤𾳽֮ǰѾɵ
һϸ˼֮еֲ顣𾳽֮ǰɵһ츳úõʲô̶ȣ
һԾ漴¶һ˿ЦݣҲµûӦþǸ˵Уһ׼ֺˣ
ֺڣһ׼ʲôīЩĿңԶյȹŮӣ˵Լѵôˣһ׼𡭡ĳƺš
ΪôһҲ׼𰡣
ڲܽһ׼ˡ˵ӣͻΪһءЦЦ
īҡͷЦãҡ
ҽ责죬ǼѪˣһ·Ʋɵս⾪죬սһšû뵽ȴ޶ĺôԣǷһ顣贳ųī󷽵һЦ
飬㲻Ѿˣīһܣָָ贲µķ
šǸ㡣ҡͷҿˣûз˸ҿ㣬Ҳ϶ıȽϲҡԣһ顣ǷŰɡڵ״̬ҲʺսӦðһǡԡлģһһܣֻǵĴŶ
˵ţųī¶ȻһЦȻֱһʧС
īվЦ£ĵżĹҾȻôϵ콾ҵ̫ãȺ콾Ҵ̫ױ
责콾£ʮӵһ
Ʒ磬Ȼû棬ȻҪֻһ֮顣
콾кܹܶ࣬ģֻʮˡԼȻڶ̶̼ʱĸ
ˣīԼоЩѰ
˵ûīʱ䣬ȷʺϼҵսʼУϵĸĵԼľøӹ̡
ʮ֮󣬳īһƬҰһˣ˵ʱ򣬳īסˡ
ΣԽ޾ǺɱǸף
īҲ֪׾ʲô֣ȴԶ
Σ콾û̵κκôһΣ飬һξѪīˣڶΣīĸ׳һ٣Լİ׻
ֻСƻѾ׳Ļˡһһʲôĺī󲻳ԼףҪһǲˡ
ճӵҲں£ڲɱһֻĥ̴Ļɫ
ٶ̫ˣȹâҪϰٱ
ں嫵Уͻ϶𹥻
Ҳ൱ǿ󣬾īܵһǿҵɱ⡣
ȻűǹǹϷܲ޾ɱ¾֮һ
˫ٶȶ̫ˣȻǵ޷ս˫Ӱ
īǿúУܹԸоԼױøǿˡϴε飬ܵ˲СĴ̼ʼͼǿˡ
ֻɫһ𾳽飬ǻһ飬϶׵Ķ֣ɫٶʵ̫ˡҹֶΣҲܺ
ֱӳԷľʶУǿĵֵԻԼо
λЩܻīܲµǳ˵С
ʥܲˬרɱЩǿ飬ʿҲɵ١ȴû뵽һѿеĹͷֻɫͬһֻƹ֮һֱڸ׷
Ҫ˱ܣԷҲƾŲ˼ٶһ·׷׼һ㡣
û취ˣʵ˦ѣʥתֻɫս
УеƵģǣǶһԵĴɱһһ
ϣôòֵ˫һ·ڣûзֳһʤ
ڣȻðһʿüʥЩֹһΣۼֳ档һһսͻȻðһʿȥޣһش
ΪǸشˣԣʥһҧֱӼһӡȥ
īǷӡ۾΢΢һУһâɵͻȻ䱻뵽ǸУֵ֮ʱ򣬾һһģһӡֻ֣֡
īڼѾȷʱֵģе档
֮ĶԹī̾˿
¡¡
ⷽӡ൱ֱֲӽһƬظסֻɫһֱ̡ǿֲٶȣֱӱˣ
뵽ⷽӡĳС
ӡУɢƺƵĻ֮֮ϣ
ɫЩƫڰԣ֮һʱ֨֨ŭУǿҵʹࡣ
īĿţ̲ס뵽塭еڵġˣҲûбƻǲ֪ΪʲôЩˣЩϴڡ
ѵֻΪЩϴڣ߳һ󾳽һУϴͬҲ
ΪĻ壬ִߣûУ
ʥ䣬ֻɫ𣬺ɻ֮ǰԸ˷һӡȴƫԼǾȥɣ
˵ţеıֱ˻ɫ
ۣ
ɫ𱻵ԴԪûüӳֱӾͱʥеıˡ
ʥ죬һйƵ
¡¡ס
ȻعͷĿųīѣǿ˺ܾˣǲеźû͵ϮҵĻ᣿


1415 һ
īȻʧЦҿû͵Ϯ㡣
˵úɵôʥЦȻۿī㻹ʲô
ְīһȻı顣
ʥǳ˳飬ҲڣϽԶ㡣
ƢһĶӣīЦЦĿһۣȻȻ䶯ˣ
ֱеҾе־
𾳽磬ٶ־īԸоֲࡣ֮ǰȻѳɵ⾳ˣȴûǷӦʵ
̤𾳽磬ٴԣǵ֧ŵǷʵȫ㹻ˣ
ƬգͬʥһԵĵӡµĳʱ䣬˲ס
ռ䱻ָһģȻͿֻɫһ¾͵˳īǰīʩʩȻĽɫȻ˵ⶫǾѵϡϣ㲻ҪҾˡ
ʥѾҪһһԵǿˡ⻰ûһѪųīɱģ
ǰ֪ŶŶŶлл㡣īһȻ˵
˭лңʥŭɶô᲻֪ɫǺöȻޱѲȴһһϡֵطҲǺܶࡣȷ൱ϡҰ
ʥ֮ûڵһʱͰΪгīĴڣġû뵽ԷĲ⣬
ʥ׺ˣĿųīСӣ֪֪˭ҽмʥ
īһνĵ˭ʲô¶ҲܣˣɹΪҪ۸㡣ˡ
˵ţתߡ
ʥҪȥ׷īȴƬյʱ䡭Ȼ̵ģ
Ҫһ£رѾ
ʥһ֪ǿߣɫߵŭ𣬶һӼ˺ܶࡣоˣӦʵΪʲôô
ѣôʥ˵Ȼɵȴвʡ
ˣˡԶԶҶ֣е塣īӰнԶܿʧƬããС
ʥһ࣬Եģ˵󲻴˵СҲСġȴͦ
˼ԭһֱʶ˭һ˵˼֡˭һ콾֪ǰʮĶ콾
Ȼֻڵڰλȴû˻ʵ
˵ֻҪܹǰʮģ˴˼ս࣬һ㲻ر
˵ʮĽ£֮䣬ûرԵĲ࣬սĻ˭ʤ˭˵
ǵӵֲΣΪ׼ʥˣŻѲ
棬˭пܻʤ
ʥŶԷԼսƷȴһƢûСֱԷӰʧǹʱͿռʧһա
飡
ͷǸһԵķӡҲһ̣֧ŲסȻ顣
㲻˭ѵҾͲ鲻ôһ㾾ʥҧгݣһŭ
īߵĺҲС±¶ݣ뱩ʥһ٣ͳԼ˵Щĸ׼ĻɱΪ
УҲ˶վڼʥȺһߡλʥʮžүҲǸһӡδ֪ڡóīĸ飬÷ǳӡ
˼ȥǾȥʥһ죬ŪڲЩϵȻֵõĸ׵ľϢŻῼζԴǡ
īһ·ϣ˼𾳽飬Щ飬ȫǿЩӵŸʿӽսڳīǰûʲô֮
īܿɵʬ
Ĳ˵ڳīָһ㹻Ƴķ͵ҩǵ⣬ҲǼֵɹĴ֮
ȻֲҲпᣬҲһذ
ӣīһ·һ·ľ硣ͬʱҲڲϵѧϰ֮ǰѧЩ
º󣬳īһƬ޴ϷһĴ󽭡ˮϣˮɢĺ
īվ±ߣԶͬǶ͵£ԶһƬһ޾Ĵƽԭ
īӲУһֱӡŵķȡ˳Ȼ˼һ⿪˷ߵķӡ
ãȻſ˫ۣ߿īһ˲䣬΢΢һȻİʵ˭
īЦЦǳīѡ
һȻ룬˵أ
ͦõģûī˵
ʥ˶ī˵׼𾳽ķߣȻгɻ󣬵ȴȫûǰ˸īϵһ
ųīʵȥ˶ꣿ
ֻ֪ȥʮ󣬷ϵıǳʣ˼Ŀųīһ𣿡
īͷ
ǳ˳飬˵׻ƴʲôʱôˣȻĿתܣ⡭ʲôط
ī˵һԶ׻ƴĵطиңҾ㡣
ôӡǸˡϧҡص̾ϢһȻʵˣ׻ƴôˣħûдȥ
ħ׻ƴˣûܳɹԣԷģļ԰ڡī˵
ߵϣʱ¶ϲɫȻ˵ǾͺãǾͺãҪ׻ƴеʲôʧҾͳˡ
Ѿ˽ˡڿ԰㻯еħӡīŷ˵طһܲпᣬҲĵط
īһ˵һֱ֣߳ӻ˷嵱еħӡ
ЩûǸΣѡĵǸ֮ٻͷҲˡ
ħ壬һħµķӡīڻⲻЩħķӡ޾ĳīǰʲôˡǸ·ӡħ壬ܿѾ׻ƴһսˡ
Գī⿪ߵķӡһ㶼ûѾ
ذлīǴͬ졣
īһĹȻ˵׻ƴȻڷӡСīиңϣҰ⿪ӡͬʱҲϣһȻȥ׻ƴ򡣲֪Ը⣿
Ը⣬Ը⣡ҵȻԸ⣡һϲζ벻ԼȻһĵط
˵ŵطпҳաͲںħ£ʲôģ
ǾͺãӣҰɡȻͷһǣڳʲôʱ𾳣ʲôʱͻȥ׻ƴһꡣ͵Ǳīˡīŷߵ۾˵
ҴӦֱԱԪ淢ģ֮˵׻ƴҲҵļ磬ҵĹǱӡˡأȥ
īЦЦȥһԶĵطгһգ
ϴżãǵͷ˵ϣܹл
лġī˵


1416 Я
֮ʱ򽫷ߴӷӡнѣīҲԼĿǡ
ȷܲпᣬҲܿ¡ͬطĻԵ̫ḻˣ̫ˣΪԼԭ򣬵ڽʱò磬ߵһЩ˴
Ǹʱһ棬ī֪һƬãȻޱĻôһ棬ݣʵ̫ˡֻԼ˵һ㣬սӣȻѹҲԼ顣ˣЩȴǻᱻ۵ġ
˽⣬Ȼ̸жȴҲѾԼļ⡣ţԼ㹻һʱ䣬ľһ̶֮Ȼ뵽ȥȥ
һԴ룬ֿԿ۽磬ӼʶҪģԷߵ츳ʮа˾šܹɵ
֮гһջص׻ƴ򣬱ؽΪ׻ƴػ֮һ
˵߽᲻ᱳѣīûƺֶΣ˵̫硣īţ￴ĶԽ࣬׻ƴ֮ԽĿǳ顣
κ飬ʵܵ۽ľޡѾǳ󺣣ΪĶô
ڵȷܼطľŨ̶ȣֱҸ֪ĸоʲôķתյľ׻ƴʱǿʮ
֪仹ĵطҷߡӵħѽ
߿ųīʣλĶ˭īĹϵ룬ջʲôûʡΪ˼˵˵ˣҲȵڡóȻѯʣ˵˲졣
īŷߣһ·ÿЩǿʱīǿƥս÷߿ޱĽͬʱʵҲڲϵķɿС
һʱ֮󣬷ѾԵսһЩսˡ
Ȼ󣬻˺ۣżܽһʤżҪīְæٶȣԼеǳԾ
̫ˣ
һ·һ㣬Ѿֱ׼۵ķȥ
һгɣ̤뵽С
߶ԳīľηҲļһʼֻѳīĶˣ̬䣬ѾģְѳīʦһԴˡż᲻Ծģֵ֮
īҲûȥʲôЯߣǿ˵ƷʡߵƷʺܲīͰˡ
º󣬷ԭ׻ƴϢѾʧһʿüּ㣬ȳī١Ŭ̶ȣҲûȳīͬôԼΪ
ΪīһĹΣյһΣԷһûйīȶ˹
ֵ֮ĸо̫˾ˡûκȥһ㶼ûУ
ǳīʱֹ֣һ£ξˡ
ۣû÷߸еɥӼĶ־ԼĻ˵ǡ֮󣬻Ѫ׷ڣȻһ죬ҪЩڽ£
⣬޵
޵У

ֹ˰£īŷߣѾ˺ܶطÿһս֮󣬳ī÷ͣ죬ȥջԣôʱȥߵԣҲӹȥֽ˼άнѳ۽øߡˡ
һ죬ߺȻһϲĶԳī˵ӣҸоˣ
īҲһϲĸоˣ
ţĸоˣϴſ֮⣬ųīͨһڵأʦϣѧһݣȻѧ֪ʦգѧУҵĶʦѧо֮дҵ֮飡ʦѧͽɣ
īȻһֱŷߵƷ֮ǰϾû̫˽⡣µദ֮󣬳ī֣ߵƷԵȷǲȻ֪ڸģһΪʦ뺦֪ܹ࣬ȻҪԼܹܶණ
̬Щƫ̫ڼˡҵҪĸо˵̬˳׵ת䡣㣬ǳīΪصĶ
˲··˴֮󣬲ȥϣƹˤһߵڡˣɶȲˡ
ɣϣܵʲôʱ򣬶Ҫıġī΢΢һЦ˷ߡ
󣬳īߴһųǣ˽֮Ҫô󣬳īŷߵҵݣЩ⣬ܼߡסһ£ΪԼΪУһʿ𡭡ǸĶ콾ǵĹ
ߵͷʦģҶˡȥ׻ƴǾ֮ܣûκ档ĺˣһԼλáȡճɵ
ī¶ЦݣȻ˵һžᣬӡ׻ƴǿꡣһɵˣ꣬صסǧҪ˵Ķˡ
ߵ¶֮ɫѾ׻ƴطһɵĻˡͷˡ
ˣʹ˱ī˵ţŷߵͷ¶һЦݡȻת߳˷ߵߡʧС
ߵУǿҵĸж֮ɫȻһ󲽣ųȥ
Ǹ˵ôҵ껹һ¶ʱʲôûгԹ뵽ŽɺҲһʦİɣܵʲôʱҶǵãǿġ
īٶȺܿ죬ɽ֮䣬һΣķǳһ׵ضȥ
ΣյĵطҲǻԵĵطʱȥ׵أȴȥһ
׵أֻʮ·̣īҲѾʵԼʱһɹˣ
һޱӴĴ½ǳΧת޴
ÿһ򣬾ǹâٶȣҲҪʮܵﾡͷ
־磬ȻȫԽ˹âٶȺܶ࣬Ҫ߱ҲҪܶʱ䡣Ҳûĸʿܹ߱ġ
ī˺ܶ죬һЩǿķ飬ʿȴһҲû
һ죬īھ׵ػа·̵ʱʿ֮䣬һս
Ƭգ˴ЩˡķҲǿڼʱ޲š
˲ϢԵķգɢſֲϢ
ƴŶԷ
Ȼд裬ڽս
һˣīڿģ֮󣬶ʱĿɿڴĸо˵ҪҪôɣôߵĶ


1417 ɱ
ǸһɫǹսˣȻǼʥ
λ磡
ʥҲͦ˼ģǸԼɫĳҪļһȻֳط
走
겻ɢ
ǾͶˣ
ôôͷҪϣ
ʥһƣȻûӰ쵽֮սٷı飬ȴǱָˡ
Ķ֣һȥʮ꣬üĿȴһͷ̷һɫľװȥ൱ʵܾˣÿһγ֣ƴ״һƬա
ɢֲһʿ˲ҷ
źɫװԭһˣҲЩüڿ˼ʥı֮ȴüһһߴһԴʵôһң
ѩᣬٷϻүȻĶ֣ҪɱҲûôסƴҲãʥ䣬һĿ
īһ¶־֮ɫû뵽ȻǰʮѩᡣѩĿǰĵھʵ϶ʥ١ʥ˵Ҫɱ˼ʥҲûôס
ѩʥ֮䣬ѾԹˡŶĶԹһ·
𿴼ʥ壬ѩȴһ㶼ΪѩıһǿĴѩҵ棬һλϴڡ澳Ĵܡ
ԣѩĽʥɱҲѩ˵Ϣɱʥõġһ˿¿϶Ѹٴȥ
ʥĸ缧ʱ϶ὫսԼͷϼѩûôǿˡ
ѩĿżʥһĨ֮ɫʥ°ܽдʣǲǿˣýֿԽҶһˣϽȥ缧ȿȥ
ʥϣһĨŭĳ죬ŭѩᣬҲôţһ죬ҼʥְƤ
ǺǺǺǡѩЦҵţ
ʥݺݵĵһ۳īȻ˵תߡ˵ΪһͻȻð첻ƴˡʥȴһ㶼мīΪԼ˵һ棬ˡ
ʥתһ˲䣬ֱӾ¶һĨ֮ɫ˵Сӣ㵹ù
Ǳߵѩᣬʥ˲˺ȥǹһĨЦȻĿתī´˼֮󣬵˵Сӣ㻵ҵĺ¡˵ɣô
ī΢΢һüʲô¶òˬ԰׷ɱѽұ֤Ҿ롣
Ҳܹʸ񣡡ѩẮ˵Ȼһ˫ڱȻУɱġ
óѩ˲佫ս㣬Ȼһָī㵢ɱԼɣ
вɣīһĪ
ѩĹءѩһ˵һ߳ųīֱһĹӰ쵽սˣһ׷ף
ʲôĪĹأīȻںԶСڲеΪʲôոռʥߵô죬ԭΪ˽ʥעԼ
走
īﰵʥǶ
ȴòѩսһ
˫𾳽磬սǹɲҪǿոѩͼʥ֮սʱĲ
ѩȻһâ̲סѽ
˵ʱѾԳīĳǧơ
˵ʱǧơ
˵ѽʱĳǧƣ
֣һǧ
ÿһƴ׻һž޴ǳ
һǧƣƬգ
УѩµӰƬƬգѩ̮嫵˺Ƭռ䡣Ƭռĳīױѩ档
ʱ򣬳īһ
һӰ
һնƬա
ʹѩĹ˲գ
ѩһĨ֮ɫۿųīѽͦѽ
˵䣬ƣƬռĸǶȳųī
ٶ̫죬ĹֶοƼ򵥣ȴûǡ
ΨһĽʽǸӲ
սѩϲġ
ɵǣīҲϲ
ϣ
īٴһչѩĳȻȭͷʼȭ
ǰʮġΣ
ī˵족ʱѾǧȭ˵ʱѾһȭ仰һŸ֣ī˵֮Ѿȥȭ
顭
Ƭ嫵գž޴ױ֮
˫Ľ񶷣䣬͵˰Ȼ
飡
һȭŽӵ죬Уһֲֿźš
˵̫ǿˣ
˵УҲ𾪡
ī룺ȻһҵʿѵҲ澳֮壿
ѩȴױˣܵ˳īȫ󲻵Ĵ
ˡôӵбһǿʣҵʡӦǿģ
磬˲ǿߡܶ˶˵˲ôǿ󣬱ҪŬơ
ѩȴ̫ǿˣһޱȵǿ
Ϊһλϴڵ棬ΪĸĸλϴںϲġСԣѩһʱ򣬾ͱλ棬Դͨϴ跥ë
׸һ澳ĴڣԳ֣ǽȻض˵ѩȻīȫ־ȫѪɾ澳֮塣ȴҲûϺܶࡣʣ϶Զ֮ģ
Ȼλ澳ϴ棬ѩ꣬һֱϤĽ̵֮󣬲ѩع塣
ֽľʹѩӺСʱ𣬾ͱͬĺǿ̫ࡣ
ҲΪݾѩֽҲʼձͬ亢ҪǿҺܶࡣ
û취־κһˣ¶
˵бףѩںСʱ򣬾ͳԽͬĺӡĳɳУǵ˳ɵ֮ƣԽԽС󣬱һͬʿԽѩ˵ʵһ൱ܽܵĴȴûйʲôŬҪԽȥҪ³Ϊͬʿеĵһˣ
ֻǣ̸أŬͬŬŬ
ǵ˳ɵ֮ΣܰæĵطԽԽˡÿһҪԼĸ򣬶ҪԼǰ
ѩ᲻츳൱ɫͬ˵һҲֻ֮һΨһ
תۼ䣬˽֣Ѿغϣ
ûжҲûʹñУ˫ڵĽ񶷣
ֻ־Ľ񶷣ֳĽʵ̫ˡ
ѩҧӳī㵽ʲôʣôܱһǿ
īһЦɱʣ


1418 
ѩһüֹһ䣺ɱʣʲôʣתһ룬֪ˣˣôܻʣ
ˣңѩɱΣˣҪκɱڲԼɱ
ѽ㾹Ȼˣ̫ˣī
СӣˣѩУһصĳһߡ̣ͨɢһϢ
ѩὣָīѩҽ
˵䣬ѩеĽһؼ䣬ʼһƬƬɫѩֱ޷
һɱܲ
īǺһЦֳֺµʹһ׽
÷
еĺµͬһɫ÷Ǳ̵ѩһ𣬻ɢһ˱
˸
ңԶȥͻῴƬգɫͷɫɫǡ˾ޣ
õʩչ£ѩᷢŭ÷ѩУһ
һˡ
뿴īЦһƽһնȥ
һƽȴһ˵֡
¾ɣ
ڤ˵һ
¾ɳͬ
īڳɵ֮󣬷Ųһľ裬̤𾳽֮ǰȴûʩչΪû޷Ԧһ
⵶ѩУǳ˱֮ɫţ͸оԾˡվǵ־磬һ۽綼ûУʱûпһľ֮ת˲䣬Ϳˡ
һȴѾǰ
Է˴һޱȹķʽǶݵʧƬգһ̣ǰ̣֮һ
ؼʱ̣ѩᶯϴ󷨣߽ǰڳīһǰ
ϣ
һȻ죬쳹񷡣
Ƭն飬ռ֧顣
սĵطȻǸ֮ϣԶ½Ȼ·˾޴˺
ϣһԲǧľ޴ӣףһֲԨڸϿȥһֻϢ۾
īΣǶڲ֮ϣ˿û
ѩ壬ȴͬһֻĶ߷ݣȻʧԶ޾ա
޾ңԶһǳõѩ׷ɳȥ·ϣֱӱײ顭
ۣ
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Ȼ̧ͷңԶĳīǡʲô
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н־·棬֮У
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Ⱥ˶ʱһƬȻ˲ըˡ
ֺ˭
˭ѩ᣿
ţˣĳˣھŵѩᣬֺڻܣ
ֺ֪˭˵ڼǰƷսһףѽĪʱƷսǸֺڣֻһ׼𰡣
׼ܴѩ᣿Ц
ǸֺڣǸŷ׼𣿡
Ϣ̫ˣ
ڳīʲô֪ʱϢͬ˳һ˲
ƷϢ˶Щ£ȫġȷ֮Ÿţһֺڵˣھλϡ
ǳ鴤ţеš


1419 ս
˰Ĺսÿÿ궼һλᡣûսκˣôͻʧǲԻ۵ġڰϵˣսĴûƵġ
пĵط
˶ϰ񣬵ϰ֮󣬾ͻ޾ս˰͵ذϵˣÿһÿ궼Ҫٴս
ҲˣϵЩʿɱء
ֹ֮⣬һַʽϰǾǣ䣬һߵʿ֣ͬȡԷ
ôȥ˰͵ذϣżϣûйַսֱϰ
ȻȺ˻֪īûսֱϰġһ㶼Ǳʾе𾪡
ʦ֣˵Ǹ׼𣿡һƯŮӣ磬ü棬ӣСڣһ˫ͬˮ㴿˿Ǿȵı顣
ǰʦ֣㲻˵ֻһر׼˰ذʵôô񣿡һЩ΢ֵʿҲһ𺳵ı飺ʱɵ̤𾳽ˣҲܻѩɣ
ЩʦʦȫƷ磬г𺳡
ƷЦҡҡͷңҲ֪˾ǲģ˵ȻǿӦʵʵصֵزô
ʦֲֺڵϵʽʲ֪ˣǸƯŮǡһҪϧһдۣ
ǰʦ֣˵ǸˣһҪ£΢ֵʿ˵
ҲԼļ⣺ˣʦ˵Ǹˣǡ룬Ӧûô£콾ôûһӴ϶ޱġ£ڣܸ˼ʲô
ƯŮ˵ô֪вУ
΢ֵ˵ʦֻʿǲ
ԣʦֿʡ
ûҪȷһ¡
Ʒͷ£ҲޱȺ档ȡʯֱӼīһǱߺܿ촫Ӧ
֣ī޾ңԶգ׼Ĵݵ
Ʒ紫ʵֵܣѩ᣿
һԣƷһȺʦʦȫһεĵϢ
ǱƺһȻһݻô֪£Īǣָѩϵܺãİɣû
Ʒ˶״סˣǾҵĳ鴤š
һûŸܱô㼸ǰ׼𣬾⼸µʱͻƵ𾳽磬ɵˡôһӱô֪֪ѩʲôˣ
Ʒı飬ȺʦʦǿУȻ֪֮乵ͨݣѾȷѩǸֺڣʦƳǸ׼
̫ˣ
̫˸еˣ
һѪڵĸо
ƷĬ˰ΣȻſЦţһԹֵܣ֪֪˰񣬻һֹ򡭡
ǱҲͬ˰죬Ŵһ走֪Ͳˣⲻ˳ͷҵϵ㣬սˣ
ʯǱ˲жˡ
ƷŴʯһЦõı顣
ΪʲôλһֱûսЩˣʵΪɧŵЩᷳˣ
˵Ѿõ㹻ս顣ҪĿֻ꣬ʣЩ׵ءˡϵЩˣ඼ЩĶ֣ЩǶ֮֡ܶЩϻȡս飬Ѿ㹻ˡ
Щսġ˵еսƷˣˢӵĵذ֡ЩƷǰĲʽľͱܡɱԼɱءⲢһ£ţЩսΪԼʴȣ޼ɵս
ԣЩˣųٳûȥսϵЩˡҪԼһ̨׵ʱֱȥսӵʥǰĸ֣
ûǸʵ֮ǰˡ
õһˣȻĪ֪æʦ֮󣬾Ӧõһʱϵпܽ£
ڣô˼Ҳһǿˣ
ƷЩӣͬʱЩΪ۹⣬ȻǾ׼ޱȣ
Ǹˣȷ㣬㵽޷
ҵֵܣϣֹܼһꡣΪ֣ᷢûһ죬дʿͻȻߡƷţȻһȺʦʦãЦЦ
õԤеĴ𰸣Ⱥ˶Ĭ
ƯŮʵʦ֣ǰĻһ׼𣿵ѾԻܳˣ
ƷͷҼ׼û֮һҲ֪ӵʥǶŴЩ׼𾳽ʲôģҿԿ϶ǣֺͬʱ򣬲
˻
Ⱥڵȫ̲סһһ˼ı顣Ȼ󣬱øӳĬˡ
ʱƷ绺˵ǵý֮䣬ǸԵʦô˵ô
Ⱥڵ콾΢΢һ
漴ǸƯŮ˵ʦңڣ㶼ţôƾʲôΪţ츳׿Ĵ֮꣬಻ʤܹδվߴģδһԣʲôʱ򣬶ҪǣѧһַʱĸжҲҪԼһе롣гҪ޵еҪܹ׼ʶĲ㡣ѧϰηսŻδ
Ʒ翴ƯСʦã̲ס
žžž
ţȫ̲ס
λ˵ãʦҵʦ壬ҲһŴǻ۵ˡǵģڵǰǣִǻۣƷ翴ǰһȺСʦʦã˵ǵʦǵУӦҲɣ
˷׷׵ͷ
Ʒ˵ԣûµʱ򣬶ȥ룬ԼʦУ˵ʲô˼ʲôȥ룬ͨˣô˵һγɹ
ʦ֣˼ˡǲٵģһŬ΢ֵʿһϿҵ˵
ǵʦ֣ǶˡһȺ콾ȵĿƷ硣
ƷصͷȻЦǡδϣ󡭡ľǣ
һȺ콾һĺȡ
ͬʱīǰλ֣е㷢£ô㣿
ʶңЦеĿųī
ī˵֮ǰ㡣
ЦĺģҲܽƻ˵ѽ㵱Ȼң㻹ĵİ˼ҵԴء
īЩһãȻ˵Ҳ̫˵ʲô
䲻īԹ˵˵ģīĺ㡣׻ƴֵط߳콾֮ȻôʱȷǺңεĸˡǰҾѾȷǳīĻڸ޷ţǸնͷ­ˡ


1420 ִŵħŮ
īҲ֪ħŮô϶ԼݡȻܳϣ¹ϵ̫ˣ˵ʵǲ֪ħŮû֣īֱӽնɱ
ʱʲôţǾ̫ˡһڱ¶ôģȻһˡ׻ƴийϵЩˣȫ⵽㡣
ЦеĿųīû׼ʲôֵģģǴųġǰҸɱˣôӦþû˭֪ˡ
ī˵ϴˣҸ˵ʲôսҵǣ֣ǣ뿪ɡ
ҿɲս㣬׼ǸʱҾѾĶˡѾɵ̤𾳽磬ҿ϶ӲĶ֡ôҸأɣҲ֪㲻ңҲ֪Ϊʲôǳ㡣Ψһܹεˡô˵ǲǺܷ̣ԳһЦȻҲȳī˵ʲôֱ˵Ҳ̫ܳãͻȻʧõ˵ǣȥսһ˰ʿͷһҵȥ·ȻǱߣûӮ
ʼ磺˵λ̫Ҫˡ㲻Ҳûйϵ˵ǡ
īһ˵ħŮ«ﵽʲôҩ
˵ȣ˵ԼԼΪʲôҪԭ򡣡
ħ壬ԭǹ֮ŹϵħѪΪѾʽ΢ԣһֱǵļħҲֻµһ㱡ڶաֱҽ䣬˵ҽ죬ħ嶼ˡħԵҼ壬ңҵŮһԣкܶ꣬Ҷǳмħɸסں֪ôȴҡ˵⣬һ뺷
īȴһͷߣšΪ⣬Ѿ֪ħŮħƺһĵġҲ͹ˡҪīھĻҲܡ
֪뷨֮û¶κ쳣еľٶһΪħô˵أ˽Ҳ̣ܲӰԵһ֪ҵ˼ôٵģ϶ǼĴǻԵģҲңֻװʲô֪ӡȻôȡ̾˿һֱҶΣע˴ԴҡԵ죬Ҷ˼Ҳޡҿ׵ĸ㡣
ī⣬ЦЦʲôϵ
ûᣬ˵ʵ£ħ˵ǺƽҲ֪ģҽӴЩ伮飬ƺҲзҲܽܣİһοҲϲԡ
īüĵñ뺷
˵֮ǰħܣħϢ壬ϵļƷ֪飬ͳͳ˵˸顣ȷˡǱߣûнڴħһ˭û뵽Ļ̌ͷһ۳īû
֪ʲôط֮󣬴ħЩŮͷˣΪħ˵ֱõĵطп᣿ѪȣֲǺǡ¶һ̵ЦݣħʲôأʱҸû䵽ҵͷϡΪҴΪħİҷųҲ֪ôģǱȺŮ㷳ˡ͸ҡ
ԭħ壬˵īһĺ˵˵
һۣ˵֮Ҳףħҷҽԭġһˣû취ȥԣҪȥҪԼֻȥϵˡһҵһһڴħƿ֮СȻҲ´ħӦҲұ˿ô죬ܿҾʹӵ̬ܵϸܵˡ汻ǿϣħһ˷ܵ÷˵ŮʱӵܵǺǡϵҪ򣬿϶ˣ˵԰ɣ
īƲƲ죬ĵӵܣȢһħŮ
ûīı飬֪ʲô˵ӵܣȻȢңǰɣҲİɣʲôأ¶ˮԵħҲһǣ
īһΪʵȷӦ
ҲģҲһԱ׵Ļһˣһˡ۾¶һĨĹâ׼ȷ˵Ϊһˣһˣ
ǷīŴͣȻ죬һĿ䣺²־Ҳ롣˵˵ˣ߰ɡ
īüһŭĵһˣҲȥв㣬ѵһҺȤû𣿡
˵ˣҲ˵ǸˡҽֺڡīƤ˵
㻹ְأŭ
ī˵˵Ķԣҵȷְס
ƽһ˵īȻ֪Ҫɱȫԭ򣬵һ֪һ㣬ΪѪ԰ɣȷκһ壬ԵճһѪ÷ǳҪ㲻뱩¶ݵĿԡҲ㣬ҽ㣬ֻһĿġҿԷ֮ȫޣÿͨսĻᣬһ档Ȼյܣ͸㡣Ϊرڽĳһ죬ѵʱһѡΣҾһҪ󡣡
ī̾ҪܺĲ˵ǸˡҲ֪ƾʲô϶Ǹҡûϵ˵ѵʱһѡǸĻҿԴӦ㡣
īԼݵĻֻ˳īһ仰۾ʱҵӦˣֺǰɣϣܾɳǿľ磡ΣҿһϢǹĸ׵ġ
³īôԼݣԼĸ׵Ϣģ̲ס΢΢һʹ
εļãû¶˿
Ҳīֳȣ˵ڣе㻳ɣԼǲϴˡǼԼֱûġκˣ¶ֿȥͷ­ˣӡޱ̰ɣ
Ǹһ壬мѩ壬һ֧츳ãڻҲСеλ֪ҵݣ֪Ҹ֮гܵǰҫң㲻ôޣǸǸ˵ĸףЩһֱѺţĺܿࡣңǸˣᱻǿѹ˵⣬Ҳ̲ס̾һ£Һź
īʵһ䣬Ǹʲôѩ壬ҵʱ˵ĲǸˣǸСְɣʥͰС֡Ұֳνô
סˣ䣺ϢǸīܺã˵ûκ塣ذɹ
һЦãߣī֪ˣһ㶼䣡ĲǳīӦɱҡȫĲں
īͫ΢΢һĵѾͷƬӣ


1421 ս
ЦУӰԶȥʧƬСʣ³īһˣУĬ˺ܾúܾá˵Щīֻ߰˷֡ŲħŮĿĻô򵥣ʲôѵʱһѣ⡭ֵÿðһķգ壿ˣСӶš
ħŮһʼģ϶ҪЮԼΪʲôı⣬Ŀǰö֪ʵĿģԲܾô
ЩīʵĲôںĴԼǳīҲûܹ֤һ㡣࣬е鷳ѡīǺĸߵġ
ͨʵ̫ˡóľֻе
̤𾳽֮ʩչĶȥ˱ϵĲͬȻħ˿̳ǰҲԲϡƾ㸸׳ˣҲһϲ
ԣīĲ䵽ȥʲôħŮܴ̫ˡĴµġ
ҽԼʵݸ壡
뵽⣬īǣ¶һ˿΢Цˡûа취ֻѡԼģ
ȣħ磬ħӦǧȷġֲίһӵܣΪ˼ҵġܸߣ
ΣҲ׽ԼϢ֪ĳԱЩ˾ԻڣȻϢľٶ
ȺӵܶһȺʲôԲô
ֲôһõĻᣬԣԼҪνΣ֮һѣǳʵĿģʮа˾ţûá϶Ҫ֡
˵ΪһֶδԤУԼһԵ
Եѻ鰡
ī̲ס̾ϢһеƣԼصôãȻѾͷǡһ谡
ʱУתȻڼ֮⣬һӰ֡
һ֣㽫ʶֱڳīϡ
ˣīüһ̲סһᷳĸо
ҲᵽЩ˰ϵʿǿɱ¾֮ˡ
ֺڣεºһǳ֮Σߺߣ˵˰ɣϾȻһ֮ɫûУ̫޳ˣڼ֮⣬Ϳʼੲݡ
īͷߣ˵ǸʲôߴĶ콾ôвļһ
䣡
ͻȻ䣬һһѷɽԳԽâٶϰٱٶȣȻնī
Ҫѩڶ
˵ҵʱ򣬻ûмǰѷɽ˵ҪʱǰѷɽѾ˳īǰһɾɱѹأնһĽ
£
ֱӱпΪ롣
ī̧־һһڸϲӬӵζ
飡
Ȼɢ
Ȼǰѷɽı壬ݺնīͷ­
īкµһӡ
ϣ
꣡
ɽϡ
ȻīµֱӳȥԽգǳһʿնϡ
ʱʿ˵ѩ֡
µն֮󣬳ڶĸ֣˵ꡣ
Ȼ㷢һ춯صĲҽУô̫ײˣ㡭
īջغµգûж࿴һָۣһһָ磬˲Ϣ
ۣ
ͷ­ϣֱӶһѪ䡣
֣Ҳ˲ʧֻشϵ˰֮ϡ
Χ˰ˣһꡣոգǼţҪȥսǸھŵֺڡ˵һʲôֶΣȡѩġҸԼļѴ꣬ʲôʲô֮ࡣ
ôһĹ֡ʧˡ
ֻʧܣ֣Ӧû˰֮ϡʧֻһܡˡ
ֺڣôǸոսˡ
ǰսģͨ˵ﻹһЩ롣δػôֱɱˡ
Ұ˰ǧ߰ٶ콾ǽҲӵһݵλˡôˡֵô
˼ôϰģֻҪܹϣͿ϶ǿʵ
⼸ȫҡͷ̾Ϣţ뿪ոǵУҲûˡʱĸģȴǣֺڣҲ϶ܿ챻˸ȥƾǵʵûа취վס
ȴˣֺڣҲܹǵģ
ԶȱҪһҹˡȻԸĶ콾಻ס
˰սϵʿڱսʱ޷һսġսһͿԱһս
ȫûκιƽԵĹĲпᡣȷкܶ˰ذϵʿóսġԣսʱ򣬼û˻顣
Щ໥֮Ϥһ̶ȣұ˴˼źԨԴ֡дζһЩ
ֻ£ûи顣
ī߸ոջɱһսߣڶˡͳˡ
һȥʮˣܳȣûһʼͶԳī𹥻ǺܽĿųī´˰죬Ȼųīһȭǣ»ǱأιҪҪֽһ£ϣ顣
īĿһϿҵˣ˵𣿡
΢΢һ˵ˡ
ְɡˣżġī˵
ϰֶ̫˵ޱȵİ֪սˣ٣
ǵ˺ܶ࣬ͬҲдˣΪǿ͵Ϯǳ֮ΣѩᡣȡھŵλáᣬҪɵˣĲ
¶һεЦݣǣûиս
˵䣬īֱӳˡ
һ
һ
һӡʿؿڣֱӽķɳȥ
ͬʱϵģһɢɱǿһԷ
ţǼȻʿ壬ըϡá
Ǹƨī˸ۣԶգһĨ֮ɫ˫ݻ磬ڱ
ǾͶɣ


1422 ֹ
ѾϳܾõЩ콾ֺͬ֡ʵ̫İˡȻ֮ǰСΧĴһЩ¼Ƕŵʵǳɡ
Ҫ̫ˣһЩ˵ֻ¶һҲ㹻ˡ˵֮󣬻޾սЩսʿ붼һЩı졣
˵һǧһЩʿû˽ֺڡ½ھ˽һЩֺڵϢ֮󣬺ܶʿİٱԼսٶһ㣬ȡ
ϧǣܶսʱȻϵʯ֪ҪȴΪһˣͬʱֻӦһսߡ
ոձīһӡķʿ׼Ҫ͵ϮīģһԳīһ߼ǼǿһɱԷϧīûĵֱ˵ĳˡ
ʿ͵ʴףֱӱԼķըˡ
ʿǰһ˲䣬гںޣΪʲôҪ˵Ļս½콾˼ûе͵Ļô
ԶգһɵĲһӰǱ߹
һȥʮ꣬ī˵ֱӼһ
ⷨһС̫ޱȴĿĹâ˲ֱӡǹâУ̺޾ĴϢųī͵һ
ޱȾˣֱӽһޣȥһͨ
ٶҲ̫죡
ĹâҪϺܶ౶
ɢĲѹһĲ񷡣
𾳽ʿѹҲĸоԶ
īкµֱնһĹââгһɻϢһն޾оȻһ嫵Ĵ磬
ɲǼ˶ʿγɵѹʿڿѪڴĶԺУܵһͿأ
īΣ˲һǰ̧һֱӽʿ롣
ǿƥԪҪߣȴīһ档ֲƥķֱӽʿԪ˺Ƭ
ʿԪ񷢳˻˻У
飡
Ԫ񣬳ˡ
޾ľɢƬ֮䡣
īûеõκδϢĻᣬԶУðһˡ
һ֣ͬûκζķϻֱӳ֣
һīǰޱȾ޴ҪƬնסһƳʽɫƽ˿ֲС
īúµնһ
꣡
ƽƱµֱ롣Ѫһӣ˲ʳѪҺȥӨ͸ͬһ
īһһµĵϣֱӺѪҺ档
䣡
ǾӨ͸ѪҺȻһӾȼ
Ǹʿֱӷһ춯صĲҽУһֻ֣Ȼֱӱīôĥˣ
ɲͨĵˣȻܹٴҲǺܶԺˡڣǲġң㽫һֻµƣԭȵıҲ϶ǲ˺öࡣ
īֱ̫ͨˡ
ʿޱԹĿһ۳īתߣ
ΪٲߣʧĿܾͲһֻ֣ˣ
뿪֮󣬳īֽɱʮˣ
յʱ䣬˿δСȫսжȹ
ǶԳīȫǧ̨ÿһ̨ж̺źʿ˵ƵʵսҲһ൱пĿ顣
īͦˡ
ȫûж÷ûж߱졢ͻ¯
һһƬ֮£һսж֣̹Ȼȫս
ĿֲսҲʮ֮󣬳״ˡ
ҵ죬λ½ھʿԣֺڣǸޱȿֲļһﰡ
ƽ԰ˣֻƽֱϵǵذǰʮĸְ벻ô׵İˡ
̫˳Ҳˣֱˣͬǵذǰʮĸ֡
оʥСʥ˵ֺϳ˴ҰܶءûǴĻӦǵذǰʮĴ벻Ĵܶˡ
ֺڵµĵذʿѾʮˣսԾǱ׼սȰһЩ˸Ͻɣģûߣ
һЩ˰ʿһЩûϰġ֪ôģֱԴˮˣȻҲȥսҲô͵İɣ
ֲȥȥֺսġ
ֶֺ˵ʲôս飿۸ߵľ𣿡
Ϊֺ֣׺䶯ˡЩϵʵ̫ˡвһЩܴˡ
ƩʥСʥеذǰʮΪɽīѹڳīϣϴһķľˡīɲ֪ʥǺҲ֪Ҳġ
ٱ֮ǰڳīϵ̫˳λеذǰʮƽԣذǰʮڵذǰʮģ߰˸ԳīսȻ˵ˡ
̶չȥīߣˡ
Ȼżðһ֪ģǰŶսѾȫͬˡ
īƣľȴδù
Ը콾֮ս۽ս飬һ̨סУҲһ˶ûСǸСʥһսīܵҲءһֱڣûȬ
ȻˣСʥǱߵҪһЩ
īû뿪Ƭաű־־պָơ
ò˵ʵ̫ǿˡڳī̤𾳽֮˸е𺳡
ܿ죬ƻīЩ㱻ȥƣѸٵĸԭС
ڳī˿Ҫ׻ָʱԶУٴδһɵĲһӰ˳
īˣֱӾ΢΢һһޱǿҵľ
һĸ֣
Բüٸ죬һκᴩ񣬱һ˫۷ǳɾпݻǵľ硣
ӽ׼ʥˡ
īжӵľ磬Ȼֱһ׼
ʹ÷߱졢ͻ¯
˸īĸоʵ̫ΣˣƺһӵҲûдôѹ
·һֻɽһֻǵĸо
īֻɽ
īĿˣԷͬҲڴ
㣬ֺڣ˿˳ī֮ƺʧȥȤһ䡣
ǣīˣɻ
ҽѩ顣òʵ국Ŀųīѩᣬҵĵܵܡ
īһˣСģ˼ҵĲԸˣˡֵطϸ˵ϴڡԽ˵뵽κ⡣
ֻͨ˵ʥ˶ٻϾ콾ɳĳ
īһѩ飺ܱܵģ
ѩһ̹ȻĵͷȻеԴСɣ˭ҵܱܵ˵ôءΪֳȻҪΪ
ʱңԶʣһ֣ܷСһ棿½ҹ


1423 Եôã
ѩ̧ͷңԶʣһâӵ
ҡǱԶʣһվѩǰ֣þò
ѩ΢΢˳Ȼ˵벻㻹˻죬˼𣿡
ӵˣһЦҾͦ˼ģǻм׵û̽ô˵Ҳһֱȥؿһ
ѩ¶һĨûнӵ⻰Щζ˵뱣ֺڣ
ӵһ̹ȻĵͷϣȻ˵Ҫˣδֻһ
Ŷѩüһûκξ֮ɫ˵ȷһˣвҪߡ
ˡӵ˵ôҲ̫ҿû뷨ѡ
ѩ̲סЦ˼Ȼ˵ӵܱôҲСˣôôأ
ӵҡҡͷ֣Ȼһ˵ģҴӲԼң׵س˿Ӵ뿪ҲһùԣҲò̬ȸ˵ҪʲôѣԼ顣ɲɣ롭㲢ûʸۡ
УӵɸҷҲҪסֺǰɣѩһĨ֮ɫ
ӵͷţҿ˳ۣѡ
Ǿ͡ѩУʮֱ䣬ѾЩŭˡ
ʱԶٴһӰշ
ԶԶģʹʵѩǰɣƷ磬и֮룬ϣ̧ܸ֣һΡ
Ʒ磡
Ȼطǰʮĳͣ¶ȽСĽȥЩݵλˣΣȴΪֺˡ
ѩüһǲ̧ܸأ
Ǿһս¡Ʒ˵ţһߵǳӵһȭȻֳųīͷ˳īһοתѩߣȻĶ֣һսƷ绹еġ
Ǻǡ˼ѩû뵽ҪɱһֺڣȻϵĶ콾
⻹û꣡
һӰһ㣬ԶҲ֮ѩ飬˼һѾ˳ɳΪˣȻ˼һ˵鷳ţѩ֪ˣҲδػӦɣԼˣ˼ҵϡӦóݺûеĻʲô
ѩһЩȵĵ责ʲô
ô鷳ͲΧЦеӵƷͷȻԳīЦԵѽȻλͬʱˣ
ӵ责Ҳż־ȡƷܹ⣬Ϊ֮ǰ˵Ʒֺڡ贡ȴʮֺսŮô
ͬɻƷҲС
ѩһͷˮüųī˵ֺڵʲôͷôô˻
Ȼ鷢չ⣬Ȼûн
Զٴδһô֣ѩ飬Ͻˡ
£ѩɫ˲ѿɭʵøһͣ
ôͣҪ˭Ҫ˵𣿡Ļһ䡣
ߣվҶ࣬Ҷ࿴īһ˲䣬ۿЩˣЩӣ
ҪīһסҶ࣬ҵͽܣ
ǹӵŮҶ˵
̲ס˸ۣȻǾȵĿһӵƷ责Ŀڳīϣаô˻㣬ôżҲ֣Ҳû¡
īһȭллġ
ģɵͽܣ˵ţһѩ飬˵˵˼㲻˵ԺҲôܱܵ˴ˣˣˣҪܱܵôɴһʥ˹Ƕ򵥡ôȫվҲǶѽ
ѩŽ£̫֣
ҹ֣²мķ˸ۣЦҾ͹ˣôģ
ǺǺǺǣ˵ĺãԽԽԸˣңԶգٴ߳һˡɫĳۣͷڣлУˮһ㣬
ѩɫѿˡ
īҲĿ䵽ϣĵԭǼ
ĿͶˣЦְֱ̫ˣﶼôˡ
ʲôѩ麮˵
ɫȿ¸ѿ
ʼ磺ʲôҾʲôѽ
Ϊҵܱܵ𣡡ѩ˵
Ҳǰ˵
īһ漴뵽˵ĵܵܣӦ֮ǰѩսļʥ
Ŀѩ飺֮ܵǰ۸ҵܵţ⵱ģҲûôƤ۸ǼѩᡣȻػˡãҿԺúýһ¡ǺǣһˣҲȤһսء
Ⱥˣһһǿƣһһʵıȫ൱ǿ
ǰʮǿߣȻȫվڳīһߵġϳīѾˡҪѩһʸǰʮ콾Ȼһ߸
ڳЩ˵УֻһҶ࣬ʿ
һ
ѩҪɱֺڵ뷨ǲʵˡ
ԺҪɱҲûôסȫ벻İ½ʿȻôǿԵôá̵ģǽ¾ȻҲվڳīߣѩ﷭൱ζ
ѩҸ໥֮ͨӵܺܶࡣѩȽ´˲٣Щ꣬Ҳ˶סȴ⵽׵Ľƴܾ˵ʲôͬ⡣
ǸʱĽ£߰ꡣںܶ˿Ǹµĺء׮£ʱ֮ܶ󣬽ҲѾɵ̤𾳽硣ֿʼᡣ֮Ļ¡
û뵽νµľܾӼҡֱҪǿȣͳߣԶ˸ַһֱ뿪ͬʱ콾ǼƣƺҪԳһϵ塣
ѩ֮ǰ̽һ׵صʱˣʱ򱬷ͬĻ¡һŭ֮£ɴ뿪Զٽ
Ļã˭Ҳ˭ʲô鷳ȴ¿ȥûʲôֻһ䳰ȷѩϣɾЩҲסˡ
վǸкܣ£ȻûбֻĿЩһۣĿ䵽īϡ˵ܺãô˻㣬ϣһֱ
ѩ˵ţһӵλôȥӵ׼ýҵսɡҵһҪû
ӵһЦԣʱս


1424 ǽݰɣ
һʱսӵİԡȴҲѩɫøˡûٿȺˣѩΣѸٵʧ˵ߵС
Ȼʣµˣ̲סǴǰû뵽һֺڣȻôˡ
ڳЩ˵УҲֻҶ࣬ܶһʲôݵġӲôأ콾עҪų貵Ĺâġ
뿪ˣ贡ī̸ʲô顣һʼʶΪīϵ̫ˣĿ⣬ҪīһܡΪīõ򣬾Ƿ˳ī顣
˼Ҳе㣬һȺˣ贵ǵ˼Ҳ͵ˡԣһȥߵҲûʲôź¡
ţҲȥˣȥ֮ǰųī˵ҵ֮ܵ䣬Щ죬ѾԣֺڵҲɷģ壬ǽġ
ī⻰úЦȴҲû˵ʲôֻǵͷңҲȥ
һˣڳЩĶˡҲûʲôǲ˵ģˣ̾һӣ鷳ĿԲ󣬱˵㣬ǡе룬㲻Ҫһʶ
ī⣬ѾˡԭǵµܵܳԿȻûԺʥʲôģʵﻰģҲǸ˼ˡ
µͷãѵ˼ˡ
ųīһȭȻֿһˣһ̾Խµͷû˵ʲôתˡ
ֺڣ˭һ˲ţ˲ô򵥣һĴţһѷɫǵĴţ
ִţ˭ԼߣֻϧΪԼܵܵԵʣҲīټϻЩһԻģҪԸŽ֡
ԣҲ뿪ˡ
뿪󣬽Ŀһ۳īֱ˵ֺڣ߰ɣҽұӻ㣡
ӵƷȫ̲ס˸ۣ˵ŮֱӰȻýԼ顣ȷҵͷǺģҲȷʵã
˵棬ҵͷ൱
棬ɲֻһҵġ
ΪˣӵƷȫûв죬ǾĿųīڵȳīѡ
ˣӵƷĿУȫǸīѡ˵˼άܶʱŮźܴġӵƷ翴ֺڡ콾̫׵ĸ¡
棬𲢲ǿߣҲʲôˡκһ򣬶ԻҪλԴǡֺڡ𣬸ǱЩһɵǿܶࡣ
ҶһεĿųīûôֻܸ࣬һ𡣲ʲô㺣ֻǵľùӱȽ¸ףڹӵߣ̤ʵ
īŽ£ҡҡͷȻ˵ǸĿǰûκ뷨
ĻشҲƺڽµԤϵУºǸɴĵͷУ֪ˣʲôʱת뷨ˣҡҵĴʯ
ֱһ鴫ʯīסӡһԼľȻóԼĴʯȴЦҡҡͷҲ㣬ģֻңȴͷϡ
ī΢΢һ漴ЦЦԼĴʯջ
ǱߵҶȴ˵ӣңҪ
̲ס˸ۣȻҶī໥ӡڶԷĴʯϣӵƷкҶֱ뿪ˡ
Ҷߵʱ򣬻һͷеġ
ȻΪͽ֮ܺãҶĿУϸ׽ˣȴȻǳīΪīľˣ֪ȫǸˡ
˻ϣ˽Լ˶ûУҲǻеįġ
ܿ죬ʣƷӵˡ
ӵǱ߽ºҶԶˣЦĿųī˵ֵܣҿǸкøءﲻӦ˽£֪֪һʲôļ壿
īͷ֪һ㣬ģҲ˽⡣
Ʒһ̾һ˵ҿ˲ãǼ忪֮ȡ¡ûнλ棬ҡɳɲĻ塣
ʷīƷ˵īҲͦʵġ
ӵ˵Ѿ޾֮ǰˡϸ˵Ǹʱ棬ֻǳСءԶ˸һ򡣡
߸ôƷ˵
ӵһۣ׻ƴ򡣡
ŶŶŶˡƷȻ
īȴǶЩԭߴ콾ʵ֪׻ƴġǵĿУ׻ƴ򡭡һѾĴʡ
ӵ˵˵ҶԼһȻжüҳΪ֮ģȴλ֮棬ϧλǿΰˣûܻʮԪĴ١λϴôĵλ˿Ժ
ӵ˵ţ΢΢һ̾
漰Ʒ֪Ҳ࣬Ǿš
ӵһˣϧģʵǽλĵ澳ʧܡ˵ϴڳӡܳɹ澳Ļĵλͬ˿Ժ
ƷЩɻĵ˵Խߣ˳ָԤܵҲԽЩϴôȥ棿
īҲΪ£ܹϵˣ
óīоģʵЩϴڣ̫ˡЩ˵ǿ׳϶㲻ϡ˼ҶָһͷͿ׵Ľ
ӵ˵ȻǿгָԤʥ澳ϴڣҲҪصĴۣվƬ졣ԣؽܵǴҵõĲ̫׼СϢǼֵϴڣȫڷƮҡ״̬ȫء־磬ɲһʱġ
ӵ˵ⷬʱ򣬿ȥƺЩֻӡҲǲôϲЩϴڵһꡣ
īڰУһȭпϲ
ӵ˵ʲô̫׼СϢīȴܸоʵԡЩϴȫܵ޴ɵĻôڣټʮ꣬ԱܿЩϴڵעĨɱ
ôΨһʣµвݱ¶֮Դʥʿѹˡ
ֻҪһʥҾɱ
īУǰδеļᶨܣɱʥҪ޴Ĵۡ⣬ȴֵõģô
ӵЩֵĿһ۳īȻЦôǲеûȥ׷潪ˣ˼ҲǸϵʽ˵񽪼еĵλǱ廹Ҫȹء
īƲƲ죺ûȤӵҪȤȥ׷
׷˰ɣûѩǰǻͷģӵҲƲƲ죬Ű˵
ƷȥӵȻʶȴ̸жõĹϵһӴŷ֣ӵû߰ޣԭҲͬеЩʦֵһϲЦе棬Դڵ
ţƷ翴ӵͳīȻ˵ҾãˣܾһһԵ֣Ҫǽݰɣ


1425 ˭ң


һӳīӵĿз
Ȼ໥һۣһı顣ţְĿ⼯Ʒϡ
Ʒͷ飬ǲеִ̫ˣ
ţīӵһͷֹֹǲִ٣ֱ̫Ϸ˰ɣ
ǣǸոһ˲䣬ʵ뷨Ʒʵʵ˵ҾǾã־ͲεͬˣǼ֮⣬ܹƽ͵һģ̫ˡȻҲеʡ
Ļû˵꣬ͱӵϡӵһ˵ʲôʣֻͲҪ˵ˡƷѣո˵һ̣ʵ뷨
Ʒͷ
֮İӵһ䣬Ȼʵأ
ڡڻǡƷ˵
ǾͽݰӵһİƣȻųīô
īһ˵ʡӦҡ
û˵꣬ͱƷӵϡ
ʸƨϣ˭߹󣿡ӵЦ
ҲøʣΪҵ˵ҵģƷ˵
ȻӵƷ໥һۣȻͬĵܱҲң
˵꣬˶סˣ˰죬̲סЦͬʱתīֵܣ㲻ҲܲҰɣ
ī˸ۣҲŲңһ·˳˳ˮǸǴˡ
ȥֱӶīһİۡ
Ƭ֮һݻľУīˡ
ѽӺݻ˵ֺڣе̫˰ɣӵŷеĳ裬ЩĽ˵
滹סŮˣֱƶйƷҲĽȻ˵ԺҲӦŪһķӰߵģֱóһţ
ӵΧһЩ裬üͷţЩҴûĸģ
Ʒչ֪Щûеġ
īЦ裬Ҳ˵
ʱӵƷ磺ֵܣ㲻ҪұȲ˵˵ȡֵܼȻˣͱ໥ʲôԼʵ˵һֵܣ˭Ҳģ
һĳī̲ס˸ۣʱͻȻ֣ľЩԸľ콾ĶԵ̫ˡ
ī̲ס˵ҿûӦҪݰ
ѹûƷ絭˵ֵܣұȲң֪ʲôطô
ʲôطӵһƽ
һǳƷ̾һŴ⣬Ҳ֪Լĵ˭Ҳ֪ԼǱģǵʲô⡣һֱ죬ѾԶþ޴ԴȻ鲻ǵֻ֪ҵͯ꣬ÿһ죬ڵСʲôʱܹһıʲôʱܹٿЩӵɫܹ׶㿪ǵȭͷͽš
ӵƷ磬ͷͯ꣬ͦҵģ˵
סǿǳڵ
ƷĽһ¶ıͯ꣬һڳīӵ˵ǰ
ȵƷ˵֮˶Ĭ˰ΣȻ̾Ϣһӵҡҡͷͯ꣬йҰġ㻹á
һãƷһŵı飬ӵлã
ӵЦЦȻǻˡȻΪأֻͯ߰۸߰Ŀ࣬Ȼ͵Ŵɡ츳չֳ֮ʦǳ㰮㣬ͬȻҲп㲻˳۵ˣ϶ûɱ˰ɣ
УƷһŵĿӵΪҲ֪ݣ㲻ǡ
ҲյĺôǰɣӵЦЦȻһƤϣīõһ裬һڣһ˫ۺȻɴ󣬾ֲ֮ǰûżζԭ𾳽罫侫ȫ˲ˮС⣬ǡ裿ǰ˵еһǲһ˾ˡⶫ㶼Ū
ϡôīʵ
ӵƷ໥һۣ뷭˸ۡȻӵ˵Ʒ簡ҿˣС߳ȥϺö⣡
ҲⲻƷһߺŲ裬һЦе˵
˰ӵ֣˵ľϲ˵ıīЦ˵
ӵ¶һӵı飬Ȼ̾һ֣ȫӵԼң𣿡
Ʒ΢΢üЩȷĿӵǸԼң
ţǸԼҡӵ˵
죬㾹ȻôԺյļңȻ˵ңƷһ𾪵ı飬ӵǲ˼顣
īһԿЩ֣˵ѩֱϴڵˣҲûôȰ
ƷתͷһһĳīЩĵʲô֪ô
ʲô֪ī˵
Ʒ糶˳ǣȻͷȥӵ֣˵
ֵīۣīҲûȥ׷ʡ
ӵ˵Ժǰɣȥǰɣ˵УﻹյŮǰɣ
ѵǣƷʵ
Ȼǣӵ̾ϢҵԼҵճһľŹӣأӼҵճһʮ˵ţ̧ͷһãȻƷ磬ȻЦˣ£Ӧǲ֪ġҲǣֳţô⴫أ֪ģǼҵˡ
£Ʒ綼ٶʲôˡ
Ȼ֪ԼҾŹӺӼʮ֮ô£ȴ֪ˣǵĵճݣԾˡ
ҵĶ׶󣬲һĵŮءԭĶ׶Ҳҵһĵճӡȿȣ߶ʲô壬ҲͲ˵ˡϵ˼ҵءֻǣҵһˡµʱֵжһ𣿡
Ǳ뺷̫¸ˡƷ̲ס˵ȻǳŵӵܣڵȴǻʵĺšԣֺŵĻ£Ҳס£ǾǶˡû˿Ըı䣡
ǰɣ¸Ұɣλ¸ҵĹҲӻ鵽׻ƴȻһ׻ƴĶ콾⣬׻ƴܵǣӵ̾ϢҵˣǵʱľٶֱĸţĸţôǱϴڵ֡
Ʒͳīһ
ǳīҲǵһΣУĶ콾УԼĸϢڣȴֳֻܱĬ
ӵ˵ʱһϢһĸֱӾͷˡӼңԼңҲҵϳš壬ȻûʲôʵԵľٶӶˣôܲҵĵȻҵﱳ壬ûʲôԵıٶ֪ϳ콾ܵѹô
Ʒ̾ϢһҶе㶮ˡ
īĬţû˵


1426 ֮
ӵҲĬһȻ˵ļ壬Ȼûʲôٶһȫҵͬжд̵̣ǣҵԱļУҲˡΪҵһ죬ͻᶪǵһ죬ǧټƵҪɱҵǺǣֶΣ廹ݡ
¶ƷҲ֪˵ʲôˡ
Ȳôӵıƺ治ʲôˡ
ңҵĴ׷ɱˡǣʲôң޹ңǳ˺ܶбȥϣΪҵĽЩ˾޹⡣ӵ˵
֣Ʒҧѵǵ˵ǲݽѵǵӴô
ȷ졣ӵЦЦҵҶأһʱ䣬ƻҪңӵ׻ƴȥܡ
ƷЦ
ӵ˵գûܳУΪڱɱˡ
Ʒһ𾪡
īҲ̲ס̧ͷȵĿӵ
̰ɣԼҵеġԣҴ֮־ͽӵΪ٣ļЩˣȻɱλܹɱҵ׷Źˡһһ·Լҵˡȴûӵһ⣺ɱҵˣҵһ塣ֺ顣˵ֻҵˣſϴˢɾԼҺӼҵĳ衣ɱҡʱһӼҵǰ־ҡλǰȻңȴֱӽͽֻһչҡ˵𡣵һǸмҪҲ类Ǹүɱˡ
ӵ˵⣬оӨƷ磬ЦǺǵĵԣұȲô
Ʒص̾Ϣһ⻹ȸƨ
ǰʲôȻ֪Լʲôˣô죬иͷĶˣ٣Ҳûиһֲʹͯꡣͯȹӵͯ꣬ȴÿձ׷ɱĻ̿жȹġÿ룬ǲᣬܳԱӵʲôôܻȥ䵽ӵԼĸĸԼϡ
ִˣһ˵жκһˣõĸҲû˱áֱӱӽֲпĵط
ӵ֣Һ㣬£㻹ֽܱ̬ûбһɱ˫۵ˡܹ̤׼ʥ磬Ʒ˵
ӵ̾Ϣһ̬ʲôûɱ˫ô֪ôζɱԼȥȻЩ꣬ԼҵҹҼΣ˵ȥ鶼ȥˣҪһع壬ڡǡƾʲôѽ˵ȥ͹ȥˣǿѾȥ£Զȥ
ƷʵǡǸˣǡʲô磿
ʥ۷塣ӵЦеĿƷ磺ôҪұ𣿡
Ʒһ˵͵ʲôû˵ðɣ
īһȻʧЦȻҰɱͷҡ
ƷӵȫŰۣȻƲ졣ﰵйˣɱʥһʥˣֱЪˣ
ʱӵȻ˵ˣֺڣ˵Լ飬أ
ƷҲĿųīȻ˵ֵܣҲˣύʵݡЩҪûǣǾԼȡˣҲûʲôΪδǵġ
δǵġӵҲһ档
ī̾Ϣһ˶棬ǰĲ豭̾һҵĹ¡ҵĹ±Ƚۣǲ˵ȴû취ݡ
ôƷ΢΢ü
ӵҲüңƷ綼խ۽ܵ͵ˣȻīⷬй¡ȫûΪīǿǲŲǽݡ
ΪǽݣẦǡ뵽޾ԨȥԣҵĹ£Ҫźáī˵ڣǻ᲻⣬룬һ죬ǻⷬǷԷθģʵġ
ĳҡƷ翴ųīʵ
īЦЦӵֵĳ𣿡
Ʒͷʥ۷壬Ȼ
ǰɣҵĳңһϴڡī˵ȷҪ˵ҵ飿Ҫֵܣ
Ʒӵˣȫ̲סһǵȻֱܹʲôʵʲô˵ѡȫһ𾪵ĿųīȻֻǳĬһ˲䡣ͬĵ룡
īͷߣˣȷ
ӵЦЦ˵ȥǷˣΪô˵ǵһϴڣ͵СڰգҪǵĺˣСʲôʱոֻ˼顣ǵһѡܻ죬һ޴漣
ǰֺڵǼٵģҲǼٵġȫݣӦǼٵġƷ翴ųī˵ǰѺµӦò㱾
īЩԾ벻һô
Ʒ˵㵱ҶԹһУõԼ˵һˡ
ӵһƷ磺׼ʱ򣿡
Ʒͷ
ӵһųī˵ֵܣǵĵʲôĴڰȻҪڲص̶ֳȣ˵ţȡһŹϵľᣬȻ󻺻Ĵ򿪡
īƷһᣬͱˡ̲һĴϣֱֵ֮ԡ
ᣬҵҵһǸöѽӵЩĦžᣬдָԾô죬Ṧûĵ㹻ȥһʵһʶľᣬȤǰɣ˵Ҳܿ϶˵ϴڵʶܳ׵⡣Ҳ˵һû֪ǽ˵ʲô
ӵ˵ţûīƷ練Ӧʱ䣬˲伤ᡣ
Ȼ˲͸оһϢȴ·һ硣һȫص磡
㡭īǳ˳飺˵ΪһܣۡҲ̫˰ɣ
ֵܣӵĿųī
ƷҲصͷ
īĵĪҵϣһ֮һң;У
ⱾһЦ٩ġȴû뵽ӵƷͷһı顣
ī¶һҶ٣Ǳƭҵı顣
ӵ˵ľȻҲͦ˵һֹϣʲô֮һ޵ϢȴܹӦߺܶ˵ģˣΪУϲˣûκɵĸߡʵԼûо责ǸĽŮˣȻΪİΣһˡЩǲ֪ԭ򣬵Ѿ˾ˡ¡߰ȻţĸȴǿΪӱܸѩĻ£ϧַ㣬ǲһġ
Ʒͷˡܶͷ⣬ģ㲻һ


1427 һˣֵܣ
īǵĽͣͷߣĿǺô콾õô
˳Ϊֵܣܶʱһ۾͹ˣӵ˵
Ʒߴųī˵Ĺ£Żǰɣ
ӵͷǣⱲӣĿ꣬ǸɵǸ϶벻ֵĳұҵĻֲһʥ۷嵱ԼĳңѾˬˡҵ˼ұɡôٶ༸ţġ
Ʒ˵ȻûôµĳңҾãһҲûж塣ҲԼĸټѰ·˼˵ҵһλԵôĳңҲʱ̼Լԣ˵˵ǣƷ磬ԱԪģὫһ͸¶ȥ䡣κζԲֵܵ飡
ңӵԱԪģȥĵ﷢ģὫһ˵ȥ䡣κζԲֵܵ飡
īͷߣ˵áĶˡһߵˡ
㣬ܳһʱӵߴ١
ʱ֮ӵƷȫĿ͵ǡǳ鶯ţϵ𾪱飬Ǳ˿һ᲻¶ġ
ֱ޿
Ʒʹһ¿ˮȻСĿһ۳ī¶һޱѿЦݣ֪ΪʲôȲҵʱʼޱˡ
ӵҲعɬĵһֱΪ׻ƴ򱻷ӡΪĸ׸㸸ʱİ飬ڲףһ̫ˣ
ǸԤԡҶ˵һ㣬һֱΪƭ˵ġƷ˵
ӵͷҲΪƭ˵ġ
Ҳ˵ԺֵܣҪһ˵ĵӡҪԡЩϴڣƷϵļⶼǽӲģЦЦ
ѹҲΨеֱǣȥʱ򣬲ŻԵĸо
ϢǣЩϴڣӦöΪԻϵ֣⵽ɣڶϢСԺܿ϶˵֮ڣǾԲܳ䡣ʱӵ˵
Ʒ˵ǣһѴʥĸϴڵĺ󱲵Уûмʥڣ
ӵ룬Ȼ˵˵ʥҵ֪һλҪ˼ҳɽôдʥǰ
ִڣϣƷ翴ӵ
ӵҡҡͷҲǴʥңӦûǱѹŵġ
ƷͷߣӵڿЦ
ӵ˵˵һֻӵĹ𣿡
ƷһãȻ
īȴһ飬ʵ˵ֻѹĺӣ
֪ӵ۾һ
īҡҡͷ֪ĺ٣Ҳֻһ졣
Ľ㣬ҵͨ߳ȫԼĵ֪жĽ𣿡ӵųī̾š
īЦҵľô
׵ľûй˱ɱȷ졣Ʒ̾ϢҸոӵֵĹ£Ϊҵģڲףǡ
īոռԼȫ˵һ顣ҪֵܣǾҪ̹ϡȻƷһʼ˵ҪݣԼЩ˽ڣԽԽ׽ĸо
һϵĹΪ˴˼䣬źܽӽľҲΪ˴˼һЩ黳飬൱ߵϸ
ԣڣ˶Ѿѱ˴˵ֵ
ӵʱ˵ֻӣ֪ʲôط
ʲôīƷȫ΢΢һ벻УȻѹһʥ
Ǻӵ򣬲㽫ƷˡЩϴڣȫѾˡû˳֡ҲǺӵɱ¾һż澳ڿˡѹ˺ӡӵ˵ôȥ룬ֻϵҲӦʧ˰ɣ£ǲ˵һ˵ǰųȴᱻһӴɱ
ãǻ˰ɡҲҪæƷһ־ı顣
һʥ˵ûʲôֱ
īȴ¶˼ɫ˵ҪܷųҲܸǱߵҰ
ӵһϲɫ㶮ң
ʲôطīʵ
֮һӵ˵
ƷһĿι
īڰ֣ûô¡
ӵͷǣûô£õʲôġ
Ʒһһĳңʱˣ˵ҲǡκһĳңҪ¡˵ī˵ӵɣĳңʵֺֹһү
ذеѣúоһ£Ҳδؾûлᡣī˵
ӵͷˣǽݣݣǰأǰΪأĻҽһʮꡣΪĻʱߣ˵ţЦ
ƷƲƲ죺Ļҽһʮ꣬ΪĻ۷壬Ӧŵڶ
īһĿˣǻʲôӵǴ磬ƷǶ磬
ꣿӵʵ
ƷҲһ棬ȻǶȽ顣
Ϊճīո˵ľƺûжꡣȻܷḻܿҲܾۡóīӦúС
īһˣҪ˵
˵ɣһˡƷޱĿ
īͷҲǲˣӦǡʮɣѾˣУ䣬ѾԵү
϶ӵһ޿˳īĻ
ϴҲƷͬһ޿
֣콾Ǳ׵Ĵ̼ˡ
ǴԼ츳ܹ䣬̤뵽־ˣǧжûһ
һֱ߽ӴЩˣڶʥ޷ǣĵĶŴЩ˵䣬ӦöҡҲ˵ǵ޵£ء
ĺЦ˵ᣬҲѾһٶˡ
责Ҳһٶ
Щɵ𣬱֮Ϊ콾ʿǣģҲûСһģ
ɵֳɾͼֱ̫ˣ콾츳õȺˣҲһ㡣
ǰλʮ꣬Ȼͳɵˡ
ң⻹Ϊһֱ׻ƴмΪħս˼ʮ¡Ҫߴ򣬻С޾ԴӦ
ô죬ʮʱ򣬻᲻ʥ
⣬˭˵ã
һ㶼ɣīлڰ֮ǰʥ
ӵĸžỹʣһʱڵϣ淢ģֱӽΪֵܡ
ûа¯ΪǲҽѸ죬ΪĻƹܲϴǻһʱ֪ҲãûҪѸ졣
һֵܣֻҪϿɱ˴ˣ㹻ˡ


1428 
ءҶءʯءеءأֱλС̫ˣܶزţÿһңԶ
кأų֮ס⴦Ҳ׿˵һطΪûʱ򣬿ȥطûʲôɽݺᡢ鲼ӳһľľԲض˵൱Ũκ飬棬κΣա⵱һıء
ûκˣܾ׼Ԥ֪ʲôʱꡣɫˮ顣׵ĻٵĵУȴƻĻľֺ
ǵʱضһرǣߣʹ޷κֻͨӲյĺꡣĥǵĵС
ںص˺ͷÿ궼дѡ֪ܶصΣգȴȻŽҵطΪԵõĶҩġϡеĿʯԼ˼ĻԵ
ԵǶڴĶ򣻿һȻγɵĹҲһּΪе𡭡пΪϵʶƬû֪ЩʶƬ˭ÿһƬǿ󵽲˼顣ֻҪõһƬǶʥˣо޴İ
ڣ굽¼ĵطȻ޷ӱϮ
лһЩֲĴڣЩڣУǱȺ껹Ҫµġ
ɱ˵ɱ˵Ĳݡɱ˵ʯͷУκһȫ벻Ķпֲܻɱ֡չĹ
ҪȺ꣬ӷʤ
ҶأҲӵУѹֻӵĵطҲһɱ֮ء⴦أ֮ΪҶҪһݡ飬ֻҪߣֻҪее顣뵽ҶأһĵоͻҶһƮ䡣һĲɢ
ңһֲתḶ́
Ҳ˵˭ֻҪ뵽ֵطбȻ
ȴһʮֻḶ́һӾͱ˸ܵԽǿʿȥԽǲʧʵȻԽǿĴڣʵԽʧĵС
ڿҶصУмؼĵطһʧٶȣɱ
ؼǣڴ֮ǰ㲻֪ĸطΣյġ
ҶлһЩطɢ綾֮ʥˣҲᱻ־綾Ⱦֱָ廨šһжڵһʱͻֱӱӲܹ룬Ҳδؾҵҩϴڣп޲ߡ
ԣҶػо綾֮ĳƺ
˵֮ףųɱصĽأôҶأһطһߣÿһ顣
һʯء
˵ʯصУ鲼ŴССĻɫʯͷЩʯͷ棬ȫȻŸֵơеĵƣɽأеĵƣͬҹǿգеĵƣǻ档еĻʯȫ쳣ľɫҲޱʻ
Ķ˭ˣ̲סҪղؼ飬ڷڼֱǶƷ
˭ҪˣͲԶˡ
ΪʯеÿһžʯͷϣЩʵģ֪ʲôʱ򣬾ͻͻȻ·飬ӲȥȻԶǸط
˵һʥʿаҪһ£ѡһɽؾĻʯȻȥ
ںܶ˵ļ֤£λʥʿǿʯʮꡣںܶ˶ΪʥܿѾʱѪĳʯʯ顣
ȻʥڻʯеľԼ˵ʯеʵֲʯͷϵĳһһɫع硣ؼǣ磬ûκ棬ûа취˵޷κεĵУ
Ҳ˵뵽֮ˣ͵Ǳϵһֻңʱٸ滹һλʥԼ˵棬ֻ죡
棬ַĴ棬Ѿȥʮ꣡
֮治С飬ȻǴʥֿݺصĴڣҲͬͲˡ
λʥֻȼԼһѪһ磬Ӳ˳Ҳִڣһʥ˽ȥҪˡ
Ǽ鴫Ժ󣬻ʯصų׵ĴˡΪ֮ǰȥˣûгġһʥʵ飬ڽ⿪˻ʯصռܡ
Ժ󣬼û˸ٽ뵽ʯصС
أȻףʵϣظи֮ĺ˵ĸֲ
Ц˵ҪˣΪֻһγԵĻᡪܽ뵽ĸأ
ԣеЩ콾ǣ޵е漰أû˷ź˵Լ״롣ǸЩܣҲ⼸ط
߸ոսݵֵܣȻһıţҪҶءϢҪǴȥ϶Ȼ󲨡
Ҳ˵ǷˣǻˣŻҪȥֵط֪ģĿġ
ֻӣֱ
ϢҪǴȥҶصŶûأ͵ñѶĴܸɱ
ֱǾҪͱľٶ
Ҳûôġ
ҲֻаǺӷųȥŻ᳹׽̶ˮЩϾ˼ǵϴڸ޷ģЩʱǳֵĴʥʿıҡҲûĿȺСϺ׵ϡ
ҲֻǲŻõһ㴭Ϣʱ䣬ȱģʱ䣡ӵʵؼ
īͷӵƷ磬ϴǸ⣺ջǰˮˡ
Ʒڰ֣˻һҪе׷ֻʵһַʽȻֶںܶ˿еЦһҵ롣
϶ʲôӵЦʵ
ɰѴģͱƬ죡Ʒ˵
졭ȷࡣָоָоǷƬգҲûɫˡӵ˵
̸ֱ̫ˡľ䴫ȥ¶ɱ֮ȴһ°Ȼ
ӵųīЦЦһֱǸӡ磬ܶܲ˽⡣ʵϣУһ˼ˣҲǴڡЩ飬ʵֻû˵ûǣͷѡ
īͷȻЦȨһֱˬ顣
⻰˵ĶԣڳˡƷЦ
ӵҲ¶ЦݣߣȥҶأȨȥ
ֵˣӣһ֮û̫հǰ˺
˵
ɴ䣡


1429 ħնɵ
׻ƴ
Ѿ
ķΪŽΪ档ħѾվıԵԺĸܵǹǿķӡ׻ƴ
һޱǿķͬһȼյĻ棬ȼƬرķҪ̤һڷ˴ȼŴɭ֡Ǿһʮ
ǿƣ˵İԵûһԡ
ܸˮôȻܡԷ˵Уˮ仰
ʿ磬ʵͬҲˡ߸ʿ֮ϣҪ潲ǲܵ飬Ȱλʵ
ħָоԼҪǿг忪ķӡڵľͷ˲ͻᱻѹ
ʣ°㡣
ЩȥĺҲѾһȺ˵ϸĺǻ£ӳɳĺܽСҲľ˺ϡȻûħħ棬һͱĳ嶯
Ʒ˵ġ롱һħ֮ͬ·ϣԼ롣
һħŷӿԵ
Ƭ򣬴Ӵ˾ˡ
ħʼĬĬķҲѾΨҾ嫵ľϵע롣ʵϣУѾˡ
Ѿ׼𾳽ľ۲Σǰһ
ħѾȷԼĵֻһӡˡ
һīֻ꣬Ҫ뿪磬Ҫ̤𾳽磬ʲô⡣ûκѿԡħ˵Ҳͬˡ
ħּ˼ȫЩһ۵ġ
ħȡһѺɫĳ˼ħΪʱħҪͿԳ׽ս
һ׼֮ħعͷһ׻ƴȴûκκڡ
·
һҪȥ
Ѿȫ׼ʱⲽôԺ˵Ҳûȥˡ
䷲ˣҪƬ𺣲ӳ죬ڳ֮ǰҪ׼˵Ͽյʪ·ʪëΪ˻һ
ħȫ׼ĵ
֪ͬȫ׼ڳ֮ǰͻʧЧʣµһξ룬Ҫ־ħҲǳĵҲԳ׳忪ӡ̵·ͬҲ־
һϣҪӳķˣûκηֱģ
ұҲܿܿķ֮һ
ӡ׻ƴ˵һ赲뿪ķ顣
һ
һܹ
׼ʥĳܹ׾ٵĳ忪ӡ뿪׻ƴ򡣽죬Ҳܣ
ħһХһ̣ȫĵУⲻ֪жķӡֱӳ˹ȥ
䣡
ڱķ򣬳޾ɱѹ
ħһ·һ飬ǿơԵ
ӿĴ򣬲ϵĥħĵֻ˷ӡ֮һħ͸оԼڵĵѾЩΪˡ
׼۷壬ַǰһֻС󣬱һȺèΧסˡҪӳ죬һ롣
ңħھҪ˻ȥҲˣ
ǰ··ȫޡ
ֲֿĵطħķҪһЩĿաܿϧֻѹķȴûиṩľ
ķޱǿ£Ȼתţħ׼õļƷ쾧ʯгȡѸתħľ
ħڲ˼ѹ֮£ڿѪеĹǣѿˡ
ܵѹģ
һ׼𣬵ʱҲѾˡŵ˵һֵطͬҲ޲ߣ
ӡ̫ǿˣⷨ򣬲һӲɴݵĿǣһ޾ɱ
뵽е飬ȫҪѹɱĥ
ϸܿӳī׼žᣬжôǿˡֱֵطһͨûоκδڡҲܿʥǿֱ˺һӣߣ
ħû־ᣬҲûôǿΪ
Ҳûκ׼׼˴ļƷ쾧ʯԭΪЩƷ쾧ʯôҲӦ㹻Ӧˡû뵽ǣƬ죬Ȼ˼̣
嵽֮λʱħȫѾѪ죬ȥ൱ֲˣҲȫĥ
գȫǿֲɱͬˮһһһǾһʱ޿̡ȼĵк;
Ȼûг·ǰħϣ¶һĨȻĿЦѵһΣҪˣ
뵱꣬ɽʱ򣬱˱ƵͶ·СҲͼֲȥˡ
ҲСԼĺӡôҲҪƬ죬һҪгһջ״Ƭ죡
ħ¶һĨޱȼĹâźɫǰĵˡһеĵֱնûʩչһ
ڤ˵ڰ˵¾ɣ
һħʩչڳīʩչͬͬĹͬʽڲͬʩչȴȫһģ
īʩչ¾һеʱ򣬾׼ٶޱȣ
ħʩչ¾ɣΨСԵԵԵ
ǿƥİԵ
Ƭѹ׻ƴ죬ѹסģ
Ͳֻ֣ԼſڰԵǡߵģôԵ
䣡
һնͬ
Ƭ׻ƴ޾·ڿڲ
һȻ˱ӡ׻ƴĹ
ԣħУѾûҲĥòˡһӲĸ޾ķӡ׻ƴ
纣˳գӡӡֱӾͱˣ
ħһĹĺȻȵħһսʱӡɵĴ
޾ľڽӡ˺һ϶׼Ĺעħ嵱С׼ĵ̨һӾͱȻһϡӡֱչһݺĴӣ
ħһԾ
꣡
׻ƴ֮⣬޾֮ϣ׽˲併٣
٣
ħ
׻ƴһֱ̣ӭ١
׻ƴĹ˳ǵݺĴӣħӿγһǷӡµķ
֮ףϣȻҲֻ᷺һ
Ȼһ̣޾ĵӿ뵽ħľʶС
׻ƴ
׻ƴĲʣ
׻ƴ
һ޽Ĵ򣬱Ϊӡô꣬ƾʲô
йȴΪġƾʲô
Ȼһȴûѹӡԣħ׻ƴʱ̡׻ƴķˣ
ħն죬Ҫħһ·˳ɵ
٣ҲҪ


1430 Ů׻뱱
Ȼײħȫ׻ƴľγɵķסָоħԼò˼顣ֱ嫵Ĵڶ
мһնһﳤӵĿֲӡ
һ֤һ˵ĵУȻԶ׼ġħ֪ʱĳȴֲ²⣬٣Ӧ׵ˣ
ʲôף֮󣬾ͱ׻ƴĹ衣ħָоͷơŭˣµǿ
Ȼʡ
ûκθı䡣
֪ΪΣħһչǵѷ죬ʼûк£
ħȻΪƷӡˣ֮Уȴûܵ˿˺һëûб֮
ֽħ֮ǰζû뵽ġ
ԭ棬Ҳǲʵġħ˵
գʧħǣĵʧһ̣Ƭ졭Ͽǲűӳϵģ˭˵
ʣʿռ⡣
ħȷɵˣ
ɹ̤𾳽硣
֪Լ㲻׻ƴɵġ͵ˡΪȷ׻ƴİ£һ

ԭָоħ΢΢˫ۣȻ͸Լնѷ죬һȥ
ΪҲ֪ѷ컹άֶáԣҪЩ֪лԳƬأ
ħת޷˵̤һİ·УΨһϵͼͼϣǰ˸򣬹һ򣬱졣
棬ħˣ
ħΣһš̤ȫµ;
ʵϣħնһ׻ƴʱкܶླﵽˣѾܵĲ֮ͬˡ
Ⱥ׼۷徳ʿȫܵһޱǿҵĳɵ
ǿʼ֪ǴӺζ֮ǿңֱǰδеģ
Ȼ̤һǰһϣûУȴǷ˸ı仯
ʲôһ˲䣬֪жˣ߳չ֮أ̧ͷ޾ǿա
һʱ֮λƮеƮ칬ڡһȺ˾һǵϣȫž޴ľϲ֮ɫǣһƯСкٸЦдᣬС
ڳɹˡãǵõңҸӣܿͻȥ㣡С̧ͷ죬˵
ħ˳ɹˣһ޾۾˸ž⣬ЩȲˣ
ľ磬ԭҲѾֿʱɵĳ̶ȡħ֮ǰ˵Ҫȴһ·˭Ҳû뵽Ȼôͳɹˡ
ĲƸ񷣬̾
괩һɫȹ˿ȥޱȸ߹˵ڸոһ˲䣬Ҹܵ׻ƴ𶯡ƺһǿҵ־𣿡
ҲоˣԣҲȷڷŭˮ˵
ǵģǶܵˡӡô꣬ȻΪۻ־Ҳŭ˵
ħǰ·׻ƴĲƸܹͨãҲ˵׼ԣ롭ԡģˣ𣿡
ꡭ˼ǣˮü΢ꡣ
Цĵͷȥǵķѽ
ˮ̲ס˸ۣ
ѽһһЦ
ȫ̲סЦЩ꣬ҼĻʵҲô࣬ÿ˶ÿæ顣ÿμ棬ֻˮ죬һķ羰ˡ
¿꣬Щǵĵ֪𣿻У뿪ʱ򣬾˵ʲô
̵һô򣬲𡣻Ϊܵȥ徲ˡ˭֪ȻʧˡҪǴ󹫼Ϣױڹ
ǵģī󹫼ˡ
Ʈ칬У󹫼ľʶ̫ˡһͱһȺΧ׷ʳīȥ򡣴󹫼ʵû취ֻ˵һЩīȻ˵īӦò׻ƴˡ
֪ԭ֮䣬īѾˡ
Ҫ˵ԹģӦþˮˡôҲ֪֮һ֪īٵΣ̫¡顣īĲ𣬻úܡ
꿴ˣʱܹģȫԼˡ
ҶΪһġЩˣһѩǣ֪īѾ뿪ȫʼ˳õıչء
Ʈ칬ȱԴֻҪŬ츳Ϊ϶᲻Ǿűȷɡһȫڷܵ޷󡣿﷦ζƺȤ顣
꣬ȷ׻ƴǰȥĻңˮ˵ףվϵīġ
Ȼᡣգ۾˵Уǲȥǻط
еطȥˮȫЩԾꡣ
һϵ伮Ц˵׻ƴ֮⣬ʵУ߸Ѿо˺ܾãҷ֣Ǹ൱ĵطǼϴڵĹ磡
򣿡ȫüͷ
ԣҵʼ棬ҵʼ棬ͥʼ桭Ǹĵط˵ֻǸݵ伮ϵļأ˵Ϊ̫ϴڣƬ˱ġѾЩˡǸȴһ˸ǵĵطˣǱߣʲô£ֻҪ漰ߴģͱȻбһݡûӦǿߡҲһٲǵģң򣬸ǣһ򣡡
ǡҵȥǵ·ȥ֮Ҫ뵽Уʵ
ˮʱӹͼ򵥶ˣֻҪܵǸطʣµģȫԽңңҿܶûô˼ȥע̫С顣
ͷҼ㣬ȥȥ
ˮ˸ۣҲþꡣ
ȴԥһ¡뿪һߣҲǱˡĸ׻ء
ʱ˵ȥ
Ҳ˵Ҳȥ
忴ˣЩȻкȻһȥɣӣڼҵ㣡ۿ˲ˣȻЦҲȥ
˵ɵֻһ棬Һʶһ£Ĵ磬ʲôġ
ЦʦԸ淥Ƭһ·ȥЩʲôϴڣȫƷʦվûʵԸƬ񷡣̫ǣû취뿪硣ȴԡ
һİƣҡ㡢¹ùá̽㣬ɣôǾȥ򣡡
޾һ˵׼ֱȥ򣡡
µͷ޾ʵҲá׻ƴˣҪ߳ȥףǿߵġӵʵ֮ǰҾãȵ͵һЩĺáȻĻܻĳֱʡ
޾ͷףһȡǱߣΪһĶӡгһգһٻҾͻ
գȺˣƮ칬еʮʦЩϸֱ֮뿪ˡ
׻ƴԵħɵ֮ء
վźѹƵͷ񷣬ȫ겻ѡ
·ǵѷ죬ò˶ãͻ᳹ױպϡҲ˵߳ܺܿ췴ӦȻӡȻ׻ƴߵ
øлħ޾̾һȻ˵Һܿɳɵ
µҲͷҲܵúܷܿͿԳɵ
ǣʹ˱ˣ޾ָ
˫ֱ򣬸Էã


1431 
īȫ֪ߺ׻ƴȺˣȻҲѡڸӵƷһ𣬳ſҶǰء
ֻһ·ϣҲ̫ƽȻԴԴϵʿսֻȺս߷µǣīȻӵƷһһһĻȫֱˡҪɵ˶
ֻһīǻţ˲ܻҿԡ
ɳī߻ӵƷ磬̸ЦӣǵͷƤֱ飡
ʲôֺһʲôʱ˻쵽һȥˣӵ㲻һô㲻ʵʵȥסһλãǻʲô
ƷҲǣУдڵʦֵܽãôǸˣ
ôһ޴⡣û
ӵƷ磬ȺսߣûκηӦ壬ЩսߣбͻֺڣҲĴѽ
ôֱһӣһ׵Ĵӣ
ӣҪ˵֮ϵãšֺܻڣӲô
ܶսߣڿһĻ֮ȫ㬵ȥֱӷĿǧѷľѻᡣ
ֻмսߣڷȷƷӵֱ֮սī
Ȼض˵ֱӱīޡ
ԴˣӵЦŵ㿴Ĵڣ㵲˶鷳
Ʒͬī㲻鰡ֱȫɵǡ㿴ôûսӵ
īһ˵ӵˣҽ´ڡȥƮƮһ㣬ʵּݡϵ֮⣬ӵս־׼ɱ¾
ͬ޲һ㣬һԲõڶС
Ҳóī֮ǰӵֻԨɱͷֻʱķɣȷƮдž׼ͺ
ӵųī˵սˣûҪ顣ΪǶҪɱˡãҲҪλˡˣΪʲôҪأ
īЩЦõĵ֮ǰûʱҲûսߣǸʶĵذʿǣôɱ
ԭΪɱɱøӡЩˣҲʲôѡʶôˣƷ粻ĵ
ӵҲǵͷЦ˵ȷûҪΡΪ鷳ġ
˵ţԶգһɲһӰ߳īߡ
ӵƷϣȫ¶һĨ֮ɫͬĵЦô㣿
˿ӵƷ磬Ҳһ֮ɫԵ÷ǳ⣬ʧô
Цʿһ塣ΪƷӦڲ֮䡣ƷϰͨǸЦţ֮ǰƷһֱѹźЦһͷġ
ӵЦǺǰʶˡӵ˵еˡˣСܹľ콾Ⱥܶ˼Ķࡣ
Цոսһѡս󣬾ӵ
һսЦˣӵȴûɱΪЦĺңԼáӵԼȥĸ׵ķϣŹ˺ЦһΡ
ҲǴ֮󣬺ЦӵѡȻ̸Ϲϵжã϶ǵжԵ֡
￴ЦӵзǳȣֱӵʵЦһģھŵ鷳ô˼
Цһⳡ棬е㷢Ҳһʲô˵ӵƷ磬Ȼֺһ𡣿ܣǴˡ
ǺǡЦеεһЦң˴ǮҪֺڵⲻеȱǮͰ¸ӹˡ
ˣѩңӵüһǾôϢҲûϢģ
ΪΪֹīǹ콾УҲһѩġ붯ЦּʿģҲֻѩˡ
١١ЦεЦûзϣȴеźܶذ˰ϵʿΪīܻѩᣬռھǽҡʲôֶΣֻҪܻ֣ܶ϶ʵġΪκһʿֵطȫ˵͵Ϯ˵ѩֱҵͷϣҲ˵ѩȷֺڵĶ֡ȻĻΪʲôԼһ
㲻֪ѩѾҹôƷ翴źЦʵ
Цͷҵ˵ˣ˵责£ǸӶˡһֱЩˣҪֺڡҲûôࡣ
˵ţЦЩƵĵˣҸ˻ȥˡҲڱССĿһ
˻ȥ˲ˡӵ˵ʲô
Цһ۳ī
ӵڰ֣Լֵܡ
Ц΢΢һݣīʱЩͬˡôˣУܸӵΪѵ˶ࡣܱ׿ڳϵֵܵģ͸ˣٺЦû˵
аô˵ֺڣ϶й֮ˡУƷô£
ûʳ˵𣬿Ƴһо
˻
Ʒӵȫ̲סһ
Ʒֱ̾ʡС
ӵЦѩûϢģ˼һΣѩӦǳħˡǴ
Цǳ˳飺Ǵɡ˵ѩᵱ򱬣Ҫӻ֮زز¾ˡˣʲôʱԹֿ
ҲǴҿķϣôߵġӵЦ˵ţźЦѶ˻ȥˡ˵û
Цɫã˵⡭ðɣϾû鲻ǣ
ӵЦЦ֪ʲô㲻ǰɣãѩһظ˵˺ܳѩҲţ԰ɣ
Цһ۳īȻĬĬĵͷ˵ҲǻֺڵѵʵҲΪҵĶ֡
ãһܡӵ˵Ӱʯȫ̼¼ѩҲûн
ӵ˵ţֱӳһӰʯգȻ󻹳Ӱʯķ򣬵˵ѩҵˣ־֣б¾ѩԼǲ˺ЦǿƽһսĽ
ЦɫеΣӵӵ֡
ˣЦΪС㣬ңڸֺڹУսĻδ˭˭Ӯӵ˵
Ʒ磬̲סһӵ˵ϴľȻ֮ǿ
ЦȻиеǳԾ˵ʵֲε콾ĲǱһ仰Ϳ׶ҡ뷨ġ
ǾʹһܣЦųī
īͷãǾʹһܰɡ
޶ķϻֱӷϸ죬뵽ߵĲ־սӰ̫󡣲һ㣬þԶ㡣
˼ͬʱ֡
ЦȻһ֧ëʣУһսȻսëʣһ˳ꪣֳֳꪣվս֮ϣī
ս¡¡ľ졣ɢѹ
īֳֺµ򵥵һ¡
Цгꪶϣս١
üģһѪǺµķâˡµͣںЦüĴ
īһӵĵⲻȻˣ
һ
ֻһ
ӵԼЩû뵽һЦһӰʯķеٵǰɣоȥɡ
˵ţֱջӰʯֹҺȻӰʯȥˡ
Ʒ̾ϢĵѾˣ
ӵͷţʦ緶
ЦɫҰףɵˡ


1432 
˵ܵףɴ࣬һͿءս֮ǰЦԼܶûǿǹⳡսܻȽϼࡣΪӵģȻǺֺܿڵġЦȴûⳡսһַʽ
һ
һС
Ϊīͷβôһѡûκα仯ԣ̸һС
һ쵽ԽЦ֪ͳܷΧԣ㲻
һ̺ŵϴͬԽЦĵУԣ㲻
һ̫ǿˡԣ㲻
Ҫ
ЦȻոӵ˵Ǿ仰ˣЦΪС㣬ңڸֺڹУսĻδ˭˭Ӯ
ʱĲţе㲻мˣҲҲмˡ
ֱǰѺ˸ʥµüĴƿЦȻûܵһʱع
ӵЩͬĿһۣЦ㲻ѩô˰ɣ
ЦȻѹһӵоǸмȻīһȭлֺڵѲɱ֮ҺЦǷһպҪкһ㡣
Ц˵ţûƷкתˡ
ȻҲûȥӵҪǿӰʯѩҺӵôңôܰӰʯȥ¶Լˡǲѩھֺ֪ڵս
ҲУұȥɡ
Цͳʯһ˵һֱ֮ӽʯص
ȻԶݣҪչأ
һɵĴ̼ʵ̫ˡѾĵУӰ
ЦߺӵƷһһңīм䣬׷ײĿ
īͷߵĿˣ磬Ҫɶ
ɶ˵ɶƷһˣ̽Ұɣһôնģ̫ˡ֮ǰֻشҪһնҵˡ
ӵҲһпĿųī˵ҸոֻǸЦ˵˵ѣ㴵£˭뵽ġһֱˡҴûô޵ĵ
ʱһָоһվһ۶ķ籩ᶯҡһ¡Ʒ˵
Ҳͬĸоӵųī˵㵽ֵ
īЦ֮ѧ
룡˵ͷСס
Ʒ˽Ͻ
ӵȥҶ·;Զϴ˵ţֱӳһս
īͷߵսȻսϣ˽֮
֮ȫЩп벻īȻֻԵǵģǿǴĻԵʲôΣա
ֲǸ˽ΪʦŮô㣬ԭġƷ˵
ӵȴյĽ
ƷҲ˸ǰ˭֪
īֵܣҵڻܿأǾͱĽˡ
裬ֵܣһ죬ֱӴȥǽߣӵһĨ֮ɫ
ֵܣȻǴҵŬʵһɹƷ˵Ҹǣҵĵ
гɵĿУܵĵһ·ϣ˸ͨ͸
ӵƷ署Լĵ󣬷ֳīܿ˶ǵеľֱһ̥
ǶΪһȣǾͨӡӵһơ
Ʒ翴ųīóļֵҪǿ
ӵһƷ磺˰϶̰ãֲ
Ʒһ޿Ҿ붼ô
ֵˣȻദӲȴһʡֵܵ꣬Ҳˣһۣһӣ

ѩҡ
ѩճģһʥ档
Ϊѩݣɷ磬һ¾ɵĵۡձչشٻ顣˵ּ档ѩֹ壬ڹǼִ£ȻĻһ飬ѩ
죬ȴˣרѩ档
һʥ˾ʿҲᣬòϿʮꡣһ˫ܴۡܵĲɣ¡
ѩѩҵλܸߡΪԲ̫ͳʥˡΪ൱Ķӣһõϴڵıӻ
ǵģѩӣһѩ飬һѩᡣ
ѩ棬ĿģҲΪСѩᡣ
棬ȥһѩһ˵
ʲôѩһ䡣
ɱˡѩص
ŶѩüһۣһѩûΪʲôֻǿôһۣȻ󣬵ͷȥɡ
лȫѩһм
ʵۣܵδǻ¡ѩ滰࣬ҲѩˣͬʥˣҲδػ˵Щ
Ҷˣлָ㡣ѩ
ˣȥɡѩ˵Ȼѩѩͱ¦ӡһʥˣȻȥɱһˣô϶ڴ֮ǰѾϸǸ˵ݱˡңҪȥɱ˵ѩ֮ǰѾҹˣʧˣ
㣬ʵ㹻ѩͷˡ
ѩҵĽͷʲôˣһˮġ
ѩܿУڽʱ򣬴ӿڵУһĨɶƵ֮ɫ
Ѿкܾûʥ˽ˣ仹ѩǿˡ
īڶ֪ʵڵġȻ˵
ҲߵһҰ·ӣǴӡ֮ؽ뵽СԳīڻ֪Ǹ׻ƴǿ㣬Ȼá߳ɵ֮ȴֱӴ뿪õİ취Ǵĳһĳ뿪
κγڣʵ˰صġʱеǼǵġ
Щ飬ӵƷû뵽ī᲻֪ԣǴҲû˵īҲû뵽һ̡ԣҲûʹ
ѩûῴڵʿָӵĿ⣬ֱӽ뵽ڲʥˣľ磬ѾԶ߳меʿˡУҲʲôطȥġ
̫Ҫҵһˣ򵥵İ취ͨԣѩĵһĿֻ꣬ش
ѩܿ͵ֻشľ磬ûоκˣþ˶Գīս
ʥս𡭡ĹȥҲȴûйΪʥսǲսǵġɱ¾
ܳһʱĺУīҲ˿ҶصıԵ
սվڱԵشҶпȥ
ӵ˵ҵϣһʥǵҵģһ̨ЧãǿԸĹҶеĶ̫ˣǱСġ
˵ţӵֱӼⷽʥ̨
̨´īɫĻ˶С
Ʒ˵ʦŵУһʥϣתʱ䣬ҶпѸĥ˵еĵط̫࣬Ӧÿ԰ȫ㡣
īһۣ˵һ̽ʲôطж֮̽ʲôطĥ˵ĵС
˵֮Ʒӵȫдһġ¡֡
ȻӵһջǷ̨赭д˵ⶫҪġ
ƷɴûóǼʥһν˵
ī


1433 ʥ
֮
ӵޱ˵Ϊʲôֵܣ
Ʒ޿ĵǸֱˣɱ˶ᱦô顣
߰ɡīһֱۣһ̤Ҷء
Ʒӵ໥һۣȻƤ
Ʒֹϴ˵Ժߵһ
澳ӵԥ
ҾûߡƷ˵
ûīͷ
Яͬ
īͷߡ
Ҷأȷ൱ֲһ͸ܵĥеֱ޴ڡԣƷ绹ǼǼӰʱʥ
֮˵ĸоЩͬˡ
պѾҶؼʮѾԹ˺ǺкܳһΡ
ͻȻ䣬ȫ΢΢һ
ӵһЦȻʱս㣿
ƷٺЦ졭ϽҸĵط
ţ˵ɫȫЩѿУǹɲЩ̫ǿˡ
ʥˣӵ漷֡
ѩҡƷɫҲüΪѿ
ڳī˵ˣתߡ
Ŀ֮꣬⣬һ֮أƬط鲼һĥ൱ݵĵط
Ƭ򣬺ǼķΧôһľأ
ǵУȫĵطЩֻͨһ˹ȥ
ԣīңһҪ
˵ٶȣ൱֮졣
гֵʥˣٶȸ죡
һ̤ʱɫȻͱˡ̲סҶأ
ѩɫ˲쳣ѿ˵Уʲôطʥ˾ʿɵ϶غ׵ˡ
֮£أ̸֮ɫ䡣
ô벻һСƨ𾳽СһȻеӽ뵽ⲻô
ףһѩɫѿˡ
֮ǰЦսܣûᡰֺڡ߻бˣΪЦҲˬԼڡֺڡϣȴѩҲսȻˣôֺڡӵڣ˼ûɱ֡
ܺù
ûӵأʲô֣õ콾Ϣѩңû֪ڡֺڡϣѩһ˵ȥôʮа˾ǲģΪ˵ˣѩҲ䲻ʲôôᱻӼԹޡ
뵽ֽЦѩҵĺλ٣ô֪̫ϢʱѩΪ˱ʾ󷽣Ѿ˵ˣ۳ɰܣ겻ջء
ѩﱻòᣬ־ݣɱһ콾һù顣ǵɢ鴫ԣ⣬˵˰ֺڵϵһȫЩû֤ݣ˭ҹ˵飿
ֺѾˣ˭ô˵˭ѩңѩҵĳˣ
ֺûκθף֪ĸðСʿ콾Σɱɱˡ
߻бڣǾͲһˣ
һȥѩҵ˵ͻһĨ۵㡣
ѩᱻ˻ܣȡھŵΡѩҾȻðһʥȻ󻹱ۿˡָԵȫһεġ
ؼǣˣȻڿҶֹط
ѩеͷ۵顣ô죿ѩ˸űɱ⡣
ɱһҪɱˣһܷŹ
ѩﲻһѶ֮ˣһ֮󣬱㲻հǰ˺
ԣֱӾͳˣ
飡
һ죬һγɵķѩըʲôطĺܡڳֵͬʱʥ˵ĵУǿķ
ͬʱּһһͭƳɵĴˮףԿŸָģÿһϣɢһǿϢ
Ĵ֮ʥ֮
һһѰɫȣץУųīǱ˵ķһȣ
Ķ䣬ѩȸȻγһֲķ籩Զϯȥ
ʥ˵ֶΣĪ⣬ȷ̫ǿˡ
ȻжǿҶҲ̸ʲôˡʥˣܳ׵ƽ
ʵϣѩһȳȥɲǼ䣬ЩɵĶԭأð˸ĶңЩһ㣬ѩ͵ϯ
īˣѩֵһ˲䣬ѾԶˡһȹĶ籩ӵɫϾļǷ̨ƷҲֱӼǼӰʱķ
˶ףԷҪЩǸ
һʥˣֵطĻһƾǡӵʥʥǰҲûκη
īɫҲǳ࣬ʥ˵׷ɱһϸСĴ󣬾ͻᵼٲ
īҲûرģطɲһʥ˱ΪΪĳ
ѩԷȻʥڷɵðüѾ̫ûне콾Ϥԣ֪ڡֺڡԵ˾˭Ҫ֪ӵƷݣ϶ɵڣУ뽫˾
ǱƷĵļʮӰʯڸոߵһ˲䣬͸ӵܶλѩζ벻һʥ˵ʱ򣬾Ȼ˼
䣬ͬʱϵʶ̽ǰ
ҶصĶһΣʱڣ¡ԣЩҲûжĶУֻвԶӰ
˵ȫ̽Ϊһʥ˾ĴܣٻܸӦһġ
ܹоΣաҲòСĽ
̧ͷһܵĺ·ֱĶӵļơͬʱǱߵʥڵֵҶصΣ
𾳽С⣬ô춼û£ʲôţѩֱӱһīǵķͬʱһֻƣѾ߸ߵ̧Ҫѹȥ
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һɷ·ļ¶Ȼһ
ã
ѩһμٺˡ
ΪȻһ̤һĥ൱ܹоڱϵĥ
ֲ̫ˣ
һʥˣӦʧ˵һֲĴ֮أ
ɸոСҲΪʲôû⣿
ͷ˲ѩԺȻһޱȺڵľ˲˼ǧ֮ͬ˲һǰ
һΣԶԶƿƬ
뵽һӿֲ
ֻһ˲䣬͸оԼʥ˾ĵȻҡˣ
ǽˣ
ʱѩѾеˡѾ֪ûϳֹȴҲΣʱܵķӦ
ۿСһıŲ·Ŀš
ѩһӺڵľ


1434 Ѫ
ٶȸȥˣ
ͬʱϴѹʥķ˸ĿĹâλס
ѩһߵ̫
ڿҶͬ㣬ڸط
ҵǣƬ򣬼һô󣬾һ൱µĵطﲻУҪǣطԵеĥǻԵģ
ָ˼ʮ֮ѩڱˡʥ壬ĵȻݺݵĶҡˣ
ģҲ⡣
ͬʱޱȵĲ⣬ΪʲôСһܹһֱģƨ¶ûУ
ʱ۵һһѪ
ʥ˵ľѪ
ĵƻ൱ءܶ綾ҲʼͨϱĥʥƴҪ͸
Ҫ⣡
ѩѾڵĳӶˡ
ɾʱĿѣ˶Ҫ˵һĻˣ
ԭǰƴӣɥ֮ȮˣȻվסˣͣ
һʥˣѩҹݵλߵĴʿȻԭҪɱСЦˣ
⻹ʲôѩﲻܽܣٴһѪģǵһ꣬ȻһѵӰʯѩСüŪ۵Ĵѩ㿴ʲô
ʶңѩһӾ޵ݵĸо
һʥˣɱһ콾ûɱɣش˿Ӳ˲˵Ȼ˰һĻ¼ˣ
ѩ޽Ĵڱ٣׵ŭˣ
ƷЦǺǵĵţⶫЩ꣬Ϣģѩһúģ֤еÿһˣķˣ
СңѩﱻЩ˿ͬһ㣬ĥеڲϵļǿ̳
ֱ̫ˣ
ҲˣСͲʲôĶӣǻŲ·ǿĽҪ
մȻִۣѩ˵ʵ̫ˡĽ˲صĴ
һǿߣӲǱС޸ˡ׺ݵڻҪ׶һӣѩάȡ
ʲôҵģƷƤ˵ʵϣУҲ𺳲ѡ֮ǰȻ˵˿ԱܿҶе򣬵ӵ棬еǵġ
ҶؼȻʿΪֲ֮һûԭġҪô״ôᵽ컹̸֮ɫ䣿
ڣƷˣ˵ʵңֱ̫ǫˣܱ֮ܿô򵥣ڿҶͬԼҺ԰һ
֮أԳī˵ȫûκΣգ
µĵط
ѩʥ˶ӵңģƷﶼѹ˭ãôҪǵīͷˣ
ӵҲһ뷨뵽Ķࡣ֪ǰλѩʥˣ֪ѩѩѩĸסѩżߵݵλ
ٸߡҲ߲尡
ī˵⵽һЩ˵׷ɱλҲҪī֮Դһֱȥ
һֻ³涼һƬңʱľ棬˵ء
ӲīҲǹԮġӵ֪һЩڲ˶ԳīһǺͬġԵҲ΢ʵģ
ԣڲˣɱ˳īɶˣɳīѩϣڲ϶ŭǣѩҡ
ԣīûʲôԱҲ˭ǵġ
˵īԱһ˿ֲ
ӵۿǱпŭѩаӳҶأһУҲҪٵһ룡
عͷƷⶫһš֤ѣѩңߣ
ӵܹ뵽ƷͳīȻҲ뵽ѩ͸뵽ˡ
ԣѩһƴ˹ֿţһת£Ȼеķ˾żʥΧĻ׸Ҷظ
Щܹ׸ģȻĥеٶȷһ㣬ȴȻڳС
ѩ֪ԼܼǳŻƶҪѰҳīո߹·λáΪЩطӦǰȫġȴ˿Ҷʱضڱ仯ġ
ԣŲ˰֮󣬲ûõбĥٶȼһ㡣Ȼһѷ֣Ȼľֱס
һƷ磺ǣҪβܰǶң
ǲӺͿˣΪʲôҪⶫ㣿ƷһмЦݣɱǣǻҪ֤ݻ㣿Ͱˣүˣ
Ʒ˵ţųīӵתҪߡʵҲеûףʥ˾ϼһ﷢衣Ҫǻȥͬھڵľ룬ǲȫġ
㡭վסѩŭһ漴ƽĺ⣬ȴѾһԸӵľءһʥˣһһĽţƫƫû취
ֺ⣬ֱʴǣ
Ҫôܲųȥѩһ˫Ӷó죺ҿԴӦһЩ飬ֻҪ֣ҶԴӦ졭ҵù
ù㻹ϴǰɣƷЦ
ҡѩһѪֱǿסҵĴ
ģƷһ߿Ӱʯһʵ
ǵСƭùѩ־ʿŭ㻹
ȿȡϰߣϰˡƷֱӹصӰʯȻѩ˵Ķ
ѩоԼǱһҧгݵĵҲӦλӡ
ƷһЦһʥˣԱ˳ŵ鷳˵Ϊʲô
Ʒ󼸸֣þԼȫĵУУ¡¡
ƽʱѩ˵ӺߺҲû𡣵ڴ˿̣ĵбĥ֮ʣȴͬһ㣬ӾȻ΢΢һ
īӵȫһȵĿƷ磬аԸ̾е㶫
ѩ죬ϣȴȻƽΪȮѩᣬֺڹӲɱ
ġƷһĲֱӴѩѩҪɱֺڲɣɣô򵥵һ¡ÿһ춼ڷͬ顣ôͳֺҪɱˣѩ˭ֺ˭Ա˳ŵģ


1435 㻹øлң
ԶԶԡ˵֮ΪѩѾصħֺеκһԣɱֺڣѩħʧվˡҲӦò¡ǡҲһ׵¶ɣѩУȻ¶һ˿
һ棬ڲȡͬ飬һ棬Ҳȷеֲȥˣ
ĵѾصıʴʼˡȥľ磬Ҫʥ˾ԣΣҲܼȥˡ
뿪ǿ뿪ֻԼĵٸءԣǽϣʼջﲻֺϡ
ޣƷЦ¶㻹ҪһʥˣɱһҲ˼˵Լ¶ǹѩҵ·񣿡
ѩһѾһƬڣкƷ硣
ʱӵҲòˡ
ΪӵܹԸоīƺɱʥˡ
ɱһʥ˵Ӱʵ̫󣬵治⼸ܿ顣֤ݲ֤ݵģֶʵʱãʱҲûʲôá
ѩǱ߿϶֪ѩɱīԣһѩѩڲȻ޴𶯣˶ŭɶ
ʱִ󣬶ǸһôҲûеġ
ԣʱӵ֪ӦԼˡһ̹ȻĿѩѩǰӵ
ţףӵ㡭һӵѩһ㵾װģɴ˫ۣǸƮƮĿ꣬һӿޱߵĻںޡ
ģ
ֺھȻӵһ
ôܣ
ļ
ǣҾһӵӵһº͵Ц⣬ѩǰ˼⡣ѩ飬ҲʶȻϵôǢҲǰʲô⡣
ѩ⻰ֱ޵˵ʲô¶һԼ˵ǳ׶ˡ
֪ΪʲôЦˣӵĸָߣϺҸӼҵԨԴԵġЦСҼסˣ
ʱӵ˵㿴ԭһᡣҲߵѶģǷǣʧ׵档
ѩ۵һһѪһǳɫ仰ֱ֮ǰС˵һһɱҪ
ǰλȨأݵλȺܱȵġԣǰԺҪˡӰʯӵ˵ţһ۳īƷ硣
ҲȫǱѩˣµͷ
ӵŽ˵ǲó
ѩȻһҪѪĸоʲôвóв𣿵вţȻĻ
ڿҶֵطҪɱǣܡ뿪Ҷ֮󣬾͸ˡΪ֪ǻЩӰʯ˭ϣЩ콾ĸûһȺ˸ţ
һ뵽㣬İѱڱϣѩҪĳ嶯
ʥ־磬ġԡĿƣѾһֳĵزڴ˿̣ѩȴһ׷ˣûʲôֱ
ǣҪΣѩʵ
ҲΣǲǰѩȻǵĵӶСǰñԪһʲôġֻϣǰܸһŵҲţǰݵλ˵Ļһءӵ΢΢һЦǰӣǱҲãսҲգǲ⡣
ѩһĿӵȻͷãҴӦǣӽԺ󣬹ǵκ飬ѩѩңκθԤҵȮӣȥ֮һúýѵǡ鷳
īʱ򵭵˵һ䣺ʵΪԼá
ѩоؿһµûţȴֻŭͷԣ˵Ķԡ
ˣǾɡϣǰǵԼ˵Ļǵ飬ڿҶϣǰܹسŵҪȥ˵ӵ˵
ѩĵǲ˵ҳԱ˳ŵĲŻȥ˵
ڵӵ仰ĺ壬ȵ֮һףȴҲֻܴݺѪ̡˵ȥǸͱࡣ
ѩͷҲϣسŵҪӰʯͽ췢йȥȻˣơ
ӵЦĵǰģ£޿ܣ
ãѩоԼĵѾʴòˣټȥҪ⡣ӵˡ
ӵȴװûһǰǾȸˡ
īƷ磬һתͷȥҪ뿪
ǡ¡ѩоԼһûǱζ̫ˣߺ쳾ħЩȣЩֱСƣ
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ѩһأ롭ֺڵѣָ뿪ĳ·˵꣬ѩﾹȻ޵ĸо
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ڵСӣôô°
īûѩеĳûʲôթľٶǺƽĵͷֱӸѩ˵˼λȻ⼸λһߡ
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īͷϣ˵㻰
ѩһҲͣ˳ųī˵·뿪
ųīΪûеڶ·ߣ
һԼ뿪ʮа˾Żʥ˾䵽𾳡ǻҪܡԣҲֻܽϣڡֺڡϡϣܸԼָһ·
ãʵָֺ֤·ȷġȻܶطȻǿĥڣ֮ǰȴҪ̫ࡣ
ѩаٸнӵֺڵĸо൱ӡȴô޲ˡ˼ģѾ̫ؽˡ֮£ľٶһؽС޵ĸо
ȵ˿ҶأѩһУѾʥڣӲĥʥ˳ڣֻһ㣬ͻ䵽𾳽硣
ֽѩֱᡣ
ģ緢ͻһȥ棬ѱ
Եļֱ̫ˡ
վڿҶرԵãգૹһ䣺ôûĶӣ
ԭΪģ£±Ƚϡ
ѩĻĴ뿪
ǱߣҶصУƷٻе㲻ӵͳīѡȻʲôףǾã׷Źѩ治ʹ졣
ɱģǣҲɱ走ƾʲôÿҶأݺݿһΣ˭ܻȥô׵ķҪ˵Ӧôեȡˮ֪ۣȻĻˣ᳤ԣǺˣƷߺߵ˵
ӵЦ˵Ѿ֪ˣָ·û´ĻӦǿάסʥ˵ľ磬ֻڵıԵ
īͷǣ
ӵЦЦôǶԵģǺ޲øмһ㡣


1436 ֮
˵ţƷܣ֪治ʹ졣
ʵ֪磬ǵѡǶԵġڣһʥ˵ĵӡ棬ȷܲʹ졣ҾãŹʵ̫ˣƷ̾Ϣ
īʱͻȻӹһӰʯƷ磺磬㿴
Ʒ΢΢һ֪ʲôʱīŪһӰʯһʱˡԭӰʯȻѩոոǵͷϴһĻȫ¼ˣ
㣬ʲôʱֽţһʥˣôûиӦƷһϲĿųīϵ֮ɫҲ˺ܶࡣ
īЦʵ֮ǰģҲм¼ĵġ
̫ˣƷüЦųīĴָ
ʱӵ˵ܣǲǾãѩԵе
ţȻǶԵľٶȷƷ統ԼֵܣҲα
ӵЦſһ۳ī˵
īͷðɣ˵Ʒ磺磬ǽҶǸģ
ֻǰţף˵ﻰƷĲǱǳֻЩ飬һʱģû뵽ˡīֻôһ䣬Ʒͳˡ
ˣˡһ̫ˣⲻǺݺݵĿһ𣿡Ʒ˷ܵòīһס
磬Сĵ㣬Ա߾׵أīѵ
Ʒȴĵֵߣ׵ʲôȻһ˷ܵĵҵʥӣͷȻ˰¸ѩϵΪôһʥˣˣ
īͷֻһ£ѩе㽹ͷö˵ءǻƴڻ¸йء
ӵͷ˵յĶǸҪġԣѩﲻƴƲԼһƴΣʱ֪ʮа˾йأȴûʲôá˵
Ʒ̲סЦָоǲҪ̫ˬ졣
ӵĿһ۳īؼһ̫ˣһʼѩ뵽ǿֲ׵¾Ѿ뵽Щˡ
ģôģƷЩ˼Ŀųī
ʼһʼǳīӡ໥ҲûκεĽһʥ˵׷ɱȻ˼ֲľ֡ǣݳǸ̫ˡ
īЩһЦ磬Ϲ˵ôֲ񡣻ϵˣ
ģƷЩšٿӵƲ죬͸ˡųīȻҡͷЦûãֵܡ
˽·̣Ҫ˺ܶࡣڼ䣬ðù
ذ񿿺ʿһ˰ǰʿǴҪ˵˼Գīս
ֱӾͱˣһƬռ䣬ʲôûüŪͱӿĶûˡһзɿıߵǣлûɾʱǾͱˡ
һҪ΢һ㣬ŪԼĵطֲֿĥĵУֻüһɤӣҶأ
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ջģƷ硣Եڳī˽֮£õĶࡣѾ̤׼ʥ̥ǵľ޴
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ʱһΣȥ¡Ѿ뵽˿ҶصѾûʲô̤ˡ
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Ʒ̾ұʿ׷󰡣
ӵһۣص㣡ص㲻
Ʒһֹ֪֪ǵʱ򣬲Ҫλүˡ
ī˵ǣǲ֪λү˵ʲôǡ
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ﾫﾫ˵ĲǺô
һҪǷ˼ʱ˵֮ĵһ£һ
Ǵʥ
һʥǶ򲻹˵Ǵʥˡ˵λүǿǴʥеĴʥһսֲ¡
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˼·
ʮ·̺ܳ˵·֮£ºڵƬ
һɽεضֱӸ߸ߵ֪жߡ
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ûжҲûĥ˵е
㾲ûУ
ɽȻޱӴ󣬵ɽŵĻľȫͨһ֡ͬīеЩֲһû˿ԡ
ӵɽп֮أȻԵ


1437 
Ǵ˵еķ֮أƷüֶ̾Σ̾ΪֹӡһƬʧһաһķ֮ءȴǻдİ
±֣Ҳ㲻ʲôˡҪ˵ǺǣǱߣҲǳˡӵ˵ţųīЦЦ
īͷԷŵĹȥ̸ʲô˽⡣Էŵڣȴе㻰Ȩġ
ʱͻȻУһľ죬һЩȻ𣺡үү˵˵ųʲôˣ
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ãУһʴȻڿޣ
ȫˣһ
ţͻȻ䱻Цȡ
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϶ԭҲн죿ѹ˴ʥүүô𣿡
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ӵĿЦ֪ΪΣ롣ǲǿĵЦϲһֳ˵
ֹ˺ܾãŽͣģֻʣһ̾ϢΣΣվǳ鳾վֻһգΣΣǶԼѡν࣬ʲô¶أúõĵԼķӲ𣿺Ը̫˵վԼĺԼš
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Ǳ˵֪˭ʲôĿģ˵˵˭ģ

ӵһվǣһѶͷĺˮ
۷ʥȻˡָоӵ˵Ҳ̫ϡˡ̾ϢҴСŴʥүĴ˵ģжԴʥүΪ
ƨƨƨƨֱţУǼмЦֵòȻ˵ʽ˵Ȼ͸𿴰ѹ⣬һ㣡
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ȷܴضͿֲĥ˵еһĴʥδ
ôûУʮǰһСأҸˡǸСУǺǺǺǺǣɵӣȻ˵Ҫðڣȡ澭ޣ澭ȷӻգһ΢ĩСУȻҪȻ鶼ơֱ漫ˡЦˡҪǼ澭ܶȻģޱˡУӵ
ī벻Ȼ֮ǰȻңλʥү˵Էĵк΢ĩӦҲ̫ߡôƬصأ
ʱǺӵ𣺡Свģ˰ꡣˣһˣҲûҲ֪ǲǵùĵ涾ˡ
ī˶ͷߡ
˼ǰߣǹѹҲԽԽ󣬵ÿһޱȼѡ
ī룬Ȼ
еһ˲䣬īȻоԼһӱ·ѹһʧӰ٣
ӵƷȫˣһ͵Ŀųī
ī˵λ磬ǲо͵ҹȥ
λʥүϲŭ޳֪᲻ԣԼȥˡ
ӵȻоȳīͻȻı仯ҲûжʣͷߣѹŹȥΪҲкôġ
ƷҲͬͷҲô룬Сġ
īӦһȻ첽ɽȥ
ʱǺӵȣףСȻдԨԴѽ
е㡣ī̹Ȼĳˡ
ӼȻ֮ԨԴ֮Ǿ˵˽ŵͨѧ˵ûʲôġ
е˼ȻĻӦпܣܷŰȥءЩȵ˵ţȻȻʵСޣͨеŵϣ˵߰ʲôҪŰȥʲô
ʵ󣬺ӵѾԵеɫˡ
ڿѹǰߵӵƷȫͣ½Ų¶֮ɫ
ī˵һȺϴҪɱң˵ڶеԹ˲Ͼ˵ʱܵ˷ɡһǲģΪ£кܶʥĿֲǿߣҪɱңȻû취ԣųȥ̶ˮ롣ȡʱ䡣
ӵһ԰ס
Ʒҡ
ˣ˵̹ϣô̹ôǵֱӸλʥүųȥҪô
ҪܳɹǲŽмˡ
ãǸҲǰˣŸʬɡ

ī˵仰֮Ƭؼ䣬ʱһƬš
˰ΣͻȻ䴫ǺӵЦУ޾Ļϲһĵĺӡ
ȴǰƷӵˣ׵ĸЦˡ
īһֱŵȭȻɿһκ˳ĶͷȻ䡣


1438 ͨ˵Ԥ
˶Ҫ̹һĻţ̹ϵѹĺܴ󡣳īոѾȫ׼¯߱ǵȫڴ״̬
һ춯ͻᷢȫܿһΪֻѹ˲֪ĺӣȻʮ㡣ַ֮أЦƬ񷡣
һĿֲǿߣ
ãá
īһĸӲûܿġ
ϽСһ̫ϰθˡ̫˼ˣѾ̫ûмôθڵСһˡɽ£Ǻӻϲ
ī˿Ȼһᶨ߹ȥ
ɽ£һͨʯϵ£ѹߵǰһʯͷΪɫɽ弸һģһ
ʯͷ·һҵĺͷֻë׵ֱۣǴء
ӻЦ
һֻë׵ϣ߬һѰĲݡ
ǳīһμλʥүӣиоǳȡΪ⡭һֻѰĺӡòͨģǺӵ˫ۡ
īܶǿ۾ȴûм˴
˫ۣ·һֻ㿴֮ȫ벻顣
Ĵ̼һ³īī˲عȻʩ񣺡ʥү
Сޣ߽㣬ðúÿ̫ЦˡЦɹðЦˡѾǲжûôĹӴؿЦ˵
µͷīҲ̹Ȼˣһ߽һ˵ʥүҿû˵Ц˵ĶġʥүĿ棬Ӧֱܷ
ӳĬһ£Ȼ̧ͷųīЦĵǵһϴڣҪɱ㣿
ǡīͷ
ĪǸԤҪƬˣЦˣû뵽ԤԾȻġȺϻ͸ˡ벻ϳ˰Ȼеڶǹ¶ģįˡ㻹ôϰθڡšǳ̫һ㣬òãߣ̫߱ˣҪǸһǲŽߴﹾģֹһѡ
īȴľϵߣȻӸˡ
ôȣǲ֪͵̫үһѽ𵤣ӽ¯˺ܶ꣬ͳһ˫۽𾦡ϣаһƽ˵漴ӣһ˫УȻ⣬īף¯ӾȻϣ˹֣ôأŶеȱҲӦðĪ̫үҲˣԲԣ̫ϲô
īһ͵վǣһ仰ʣͿֲ֪
̫ү̫ү̫ү
һȻ˵е̫ϣһ̫ϵĽ𵤣⡭ֱˣֻӣƷƬĴڰ
ڣƽĿųīСе˼ţţǳ˼ЩϲǶһȺӲָ϶ֵ£ǵֶΣҲôһ㣬ԣԺ㣡
ʱǱߵӵƷȻڼǰţȴǽӸīĶԻȫڶС𺳵ü˵Ӻ˵ЩϢֱܰ˸
Ȼ̫ϣ͵̫ϵĽ𵤣ؼǣЩ̫֮ϾȻûһ󱻷ʰˣ
ںӿУЩϴڣȻһȺӲָ϶ֶֻôһ㣿
īźӣҺ滹ѣʥʲô취ֱܹӹ
ӵ۾գգͣȻһָУһۿɼֱͨӳ֣ͨǹ
ӵƷʱϲֱͨȴû뵽ģ֮ͨ˵Σ˲䱻һͳȥ
īʧɫʥǣ
ƤȻ̧ͷЦĿųīЩʺոЩˣЩںܶҲʲôܡĿɲС
ǣǵİȫīһ˾ͰԼֵܸӽҶȥ뿪Լû߳ȥ
İɣôûƷôѾǸͳƬˡ˵
īʱĺֻӵĻʱϵĴʯ𡣳īֱӼʯͷӵЦǳ˿ҶˡԼСģ㡣
˿ҶˣīЩľתͷһۺӣ˵Ǵʥô˵ֻֻӵ
ĳˣİɣԼһжСľͺáӵǱ˵ֶ꣬ī䣬Ȼ󽫴ʯص
Сޣڷˣӳī˸ۡ
īͷߣ˵ˣҲ̫ˣ˵һ
˵˵ĻôӳųīһȻ˵Сޣֵ֪ܣ갳ҲֵܵˡֵȻǿεġ˶Ρ
ʲô˼ī΢΢ü
˵˵ȥܣתͷϴץǣȡǵʶȡǵļ䣬ô죿ܣǾͶ֪ˣ
īһ£ȻĬȷ˵ֿܣУС
ΪֶΣһԪӤڵʿá˵Щϴˡ
Ҳã׼ʥҲã˵Ѿ㹻ǿ󡣿ϴǰͿ˼벻룬Ļʲôס
ԣʲô飬ԼҪһۡȻ㲻֪ʲôʱᱻ˿ӣܶʱ򣬿˶֪ǿӹ㡣Ǹƣһп˵š
ˣллָ㣬ôܰķӡ⿪īʵ
ķӡֻҪһҿЩ˻һʱӦ㣬ǾͲˡҪ˵ӿųīȻ˫ֽӡͺһʲô
īʱоؼ䣬һ˲Ƕһҡһֳױյĸоеһ˲䣬ͬһ㡣һ㶼
ڲȵˡʲô飬ҪСһ㣬һֹ֡ţȻųīСޣ֪֪ǸԤô£
īҡͷҲǺֻ˵һԤԣĳϴġ˵׻ƴ򣬻һˣɳ֮󣬻ỵЩϴڵĵһС
ҲԣҲԡǵͷȻҡҡͷųīԤԵˣͨˣһ澳۷ϴڣʵأͷʲôˡ෴һŴȱĳߡԤԣԭ˵ġ˵죬³򣬵ȴӰ쵽̫޹飬ѹ¶δͻõ£ΪѲ⡣죬ϵ׻ƴ򣬻һݵˣƷƬ죬׵Ļ˺ܶ˵ĵܶ˵ĵС޶СǿиԤؽ䣻ԤҲ㡣ޱߣҲֻ˵ֻظһȥʱˡ


1439 ֻֻˣ
˵Ԥԣˡмϴڣֶͨνݣֱӽ׮ͷϡǣϵʮԪٵʱǺȻ֡飬ڹȥǴδġӦ֪һ㡣ϵǼϴҲܵشܵķɣȫ˵ֻʣһϢڹӲд־Ĵڣֶζкܶࡣԣںڣְ״̬£ٴγָԤһ澳һ澳ʧܣشòӻλλԼĳӡ
˵ţһ۳īԣһ㣬˵ЩĻˣΪһӾ֪˭ˣѪСޣأĸйۡӦóӡΪĴڣɱΧ¼ݱĸҲΪĴڣԤ澳ͬʧܡԣȻףţð㣬Ӧ׾˾˰ɣ棬ܿܺ޲ȥء
īȻ𾪣ȻĬ
ӵȷǴֱ̫ˡѹȴ·֪¡ûʲô飬˫۽𾦡
ӿһ۳īȻ˵ԣԺú룬ĴȷôЩϴڶֵĿѾ΢΢ǽΣѾֵܳˣ
ҳɵʱ˳ֹһΡҵ˭Ҳֻһӡī˵
ףӶʱһȣųī˵˵ô£
īԼɵʱǴΣ˵һ顣ӺĳĬ˰Ρδˣ޺޵һ䣺һȺϼһ˽ƻ
īĿ
˵ҲһˣĳҪ϶ܵ׻ƴ춯֪˭ֱӺȻˡãǱߣڱġҲѾϵµĺ֣ҲˡּԼڳϣȻ㲻ġ
īͷźӣ˼˵ЩϴڣԺ󲻻ҳˣ
Ժ󲻺˵ЩǰҲһʱڣЩ϶ûоˡΪҪȥˣСޣǧټҵŰȥĿ𣿡Ӻֱӵ˵
īЩ죬һ̹Ȼĵͷ
ЩõһЦϲ̹ϵˣĺˣСޣ㴴ⷭĻᡣΪǰϲɵ飡
᲻Σգ˵ǻ᲻Χ㣿īЩǡҵһôɲôͱ˸ɵ
бһ۳īСޣó԰ʵЩģûϵͷϢǣ
ī֮ǰֽ˲Ϣֻӵȷѹֵط֪飬һЩ飬Զȳīж̫ࡣ
󣬺˵Сޣס÷ŵԣŷٱ顣Ȼ󣬾͵һʱȥĨһкۼ֪𣿡
īͷİɴʥ֪ˡ
ǺãȥɡӰڰ֡
ī̧ͷͨʯһʼ
ãԣط赲ԣٶȻǺܿġ
Ӱſһ˫ޱȵ˸ŵ⣬૵ǷӿԶȻˣΪʲôҪⰳأ⣬ףϧˣȻͷһָ˵
ţ̲ס̾Ϣͨ˰ͨˣ˵ӦپӦٰɣôһ̯ӣڶе㻳ɣǹˣ񡭡Ϊ㣬ҪٵѪ
īȻӵЩȻп»𾪡ˣһָоڤڤз·һεγһ֣еˣȦֵУ˭ֻһſӡǲ֪̫ˣҲһӣ
īϵٶԽԽ죬⴦֮أԼȫܵӰ졣
ܿ죬īͨʯߴ棬ɫʯͷϣһǳɫƴķ׭
ŷ׭ס˺Ӻܶꣿī̾һŷ׭棬ܲκεףӦǾɵġ
󣬳īûеʱ䣬ŷ׭ʼԡ
һ飬顭ʮ飬һٱ飡
ڲԵĹУīԵҲԽԽپʮűʱ򣬳īͻȻܵһɺƥϢ˳ŷ׭
ǹϢͽõȥ
īסκ񣬿ʼеٱ顣
ˣ
һ⣬˲ҫڳīľʶСǰƴǳɫ׭Ҳವһ£ɽ˳īľʶСھʶдһȦ֮˲ʧ󣬳ڳīλôһ̨֮ϡ
׭ֱ̨ںһֻһӡǡ
һֵīɹ򡣶Գī˵ֱһǳջ
󣬳īоһɺ嫵˳ͨʯбЮԶķߡ
ϡ䣬ī·𿴼޴ɽ˲һֻصĺӣվĳ档
ܿģīʲôҲˡ
ţ㿴ӵƷ硣
ֵˣȻڿҶصıԵȴųī
ǣīͷһů΢΢һЦ
Ҫ˵ȴֵȫһȻĿķ
޾ңԶձԵҶص͵һ⡣
ǵ·Ҫ̴Ƭ棡
ǧ̫Ҳûô
ţǣƷǳ鴤ţû˵ʥĸ֡ΪطѾǲȫˡͷһд̽
ӵûг۾ȴų貵Ĺâ磬Ǳ׷󰡣
飡
ǵâ˲гըˡ
ȻһˣӿҶų̼䣬ĨһеĺۼѩҶصĺۼҲʧһա
һӰֱӳ˿Ҷأֱ޾֮ۡ
һ֪ж೤ĴȻͱ죬Ȼ޽ÿһ䣬κһ飬ȫһЦ
Щǣֻˣ
һ˲䣬һƬš
û֪ʲôе콾֪ˣһ˲õĴ£ˡ
һʱ䣬棬֪жٶĴڡϵĴڣͬʱ˫ֻۡǼ˵ϣȫ¶԰֮ɫȫ¶޾־塣
ˣֻֻˣ


1440 
ֻ治ðǸļһɱˣ
Ϣһ˲䣬ʹ˳ȥ˵ֻӡṦΰȫˡô벻ѹĺӣȻһ죿
ͨ˲֪Щݵλߵβ֪Ǻӱѹʲôطǿֻӣһֱһ죬Ҳٴγ
Ҳ˵ҶǵطжֲҲдʥʿȥ˵ֶΣ˭ƽģиͬϴԳ֣пƵֻӵķӡϣôǸ˳־Ⱥӣ
˭ųֻӣ
ʲôôΪֱ
ųˣ뿴ٶңĿ
飬ϲʲôˣڳɵһƱ
һʱ䣬֪жǿĴڣ·ָ
ѩҡ
ѩһ͵վѩǰζ벻ȥһһëı˶ûռ˵뿪֮Ȼôӣ
˵˵ϸѩȥƽʹϥһ˫ݵ֣ϥϡȥҲƽȡ
ѩȴͨһڵأ棬治ң
ҵȻ֪㣬Ǹôѩһ˫ۺȻޱʧĿѩʥ˾磬ˡľ磬Ѿȥһûʥ˵Ĵˣ˵׻ƣ˵ʵ׾ٵķӡ򡣡
ѩѾ֪û˵ô໰ˣĿѩ㣬ȥɱһ𾳽СޡȻأһв㾡ٲ˵Ȼǳ¨ӣ
ѩɫޱȲ԰ףСӸҪĳŵʲô˼ˡֻף𾳽硭ðɣһӼѪСӣǸһļһ׼ʥôԼʥڿҶֵط١ǾΪֺǸСԱܿΣ֮ءôֻܷӣ
СҪʲôôֱҪͱư
ѩ˵飬˭֪
ѩ﹧Ļشڴڵʿ
ȥɱˣҪκɡɱڡøɾһ㣬Ȼûܱס㡣ѩ˵꣬ڰ֣ѩȥˡ
ѩһӵʣòκνҲʣֻһƵȥˡ
°ˣȥɱǱߵʿ˵ѩҵķӦѾˣǵõϢĵһʱ䣬뵽ɱڡ
Ȼѩȥˣȥˣ
ڵʿѾʧˣ
û֪ˣǱ˸ˡ
ڣտյһҲûС
ѩõϢ֮󣬵ˤ˱ӣѷõĶȫˡ
ţѩйʹһ٣ȻѩѩĵطҧгݵģֵˣպǸȥֺڻֺߵˣǽֱӱѩԼҷã
֮ѩȥѩԲߡ
ѩѩֵǸͲ֪ʲô
磬˵¶ֻܸܲĺйأѩʵ
ֵܶ콾ǲɵӸǷľֹϣܸܵµԡ
ѩ״ˣȻû˵Ҳ²⣬¡ʮа˾ţֺǼйء
ƾǣѩᾪȵôܣ
ѩֻǴʲôطܳȥġ
Ҷѩֻ˵֣ͺȻıͣȻһ𾪣ôܣ
뵽ģΨһĽˡȻΪʲôǸֺٷ𣿡ѩ̾Ϣ
ֺڡѩҧģ
Ժܻлģһʱ֮ձرѩ˵

īֵˣѾԶ˿Ҷأ֮һųǵС
ųշǳţû̫⵽ֻӵ
ʲô㻹֪ʲôֵϢ̫ˡҸ˵һֻӣһĴʥ
ֳֻˣ˭벻ȻѹС󣬾˵ֻ൱ֲ澳֮£ûĶ֡
˵ǣǺ澳Ҳ£
ǵģ澳ϴڣȻ򲻹ЩҲû취
ķ桭
ĪҪᡣ
ڽϣܶࡣ
ܹģȫǶ콾Щԭ㣬ҲȺᵽֻӣȴûκ¶мĿ⡣
īаֻӵȷǿޱȣҲӦþǵϺпǸѹĴʥˡӽӴʱȻ㳤ȴܸоһų֮ģ𡣿һи¾ɵĶһɲľƺҪһм
ϢĲϷͣһڳˡ
ʥֱǵ֮ң˿վΪ˵ˣ
Ǽ壬ȴԼݵϴڣбٳѹǺʥһΣ
Ϣ˵ʥˣ
ţħʥҲˣ
ʥǰıչ֮أ
ѩԴʥأ
ЩϢһһˣĿϾӡ
Сƹ
īӵƷֵںȾơ
ȫһпڷӡڵĵ֮ӵЦŵΣͱˡ
ƷʵЩصĴʥʥйϵ
ӵͷ̾Ϣʥžޣһ䣬е壬ȫرϣĴ֮£øߵĵλʵϣʥҲȷˡƷ򡣾λɡ
ӵһ۳īЩû취
Ʒ絹һīҲһ𾪡
ӵ˵ʥһȺʥҪչʱ⵽ѹ˸е̵ǣѹ׵ˣʿҲ棬ǡͬļϴڣ
ӵųīӦþҪɱǼ𡣡
īЦһ£ʵΪʲôͬУָľӢⲻһ𣿡
Щ˵ǵġӵ˵Ƭ棬˵ֻܲһ̫ϡţ˵һƬ棬ֻܳһ̫ϡȻ澳飬Ҳ޵ġΪÿһ澳ϴڣһ⡣ϵĵ˵ǧӦöһ䡣
һīüʵ
˵ӵһĨ⣬ĿƵĿųī
ûУôġīʵĻش
ţӵ̾Ϣ㶼򵽣ҿ򲻵̶ֳȡ
ѣīЩ֡
Ʒ˵Ǻѣ̫ˣûָ㣬ֻе˴ʥ֮ϵĲΣ֡
ӵͷһǸһʵ̫ˡ˵һ棬ֻܳһ̫ϡǡ
û˵ʲôīƷ綼˲Ͷˡ
̫ˡ


1441 
Ʒ˵̫ϲǲ𣬳ԽֻصĴô
ӵĵ˵̫Ͽ߰
ߣƷ૵뿪Ƭ棿
ӵͷǵģ뿪棬飬̫ϣҲ˵ң仹з񡣾˵Щϴڣʵģ澳ǺΪ澳Ĵڶˣἷռǽ񣡡
񣿡Ʒͳīˣȫһ͡Ǵû˵
ӵ˵Ҳ˵ɲġ˵ɴУĵطԺɳؼγһŷ񡣷ڸ档û֪ʲôʱ֣Ҳû֪ʲôĴܹϰ񡣲һ˵澳ʸϰ񡣡
ǰ񣬲Ȼû̫ôûôǿ󡣵ȴǺɴϵġϿɵġ飡ġӵЦ˵ĲҲ˵ʵɣҲҵ游˵ġ
Ӽҵϴ棿Ʒһ𾪣૵ѹԼȡӵ
īҲǾȵĿӵ벻ȻҼӼҵ档
ӵ˵׼ȷ˵ӵ֣ڸġЩ˵ڵ궼ǵ˯ǰ½ġȻ£ǻԵɺ֮£Ҳ֪Ϊʲô˼ҵķۡȻꡣ
ԭˣ
ƷͳīȫһĽ֮ɫ
ӵЩѾȫǶ֪ˡ
ӵ˵߹ңʱܿǷʱԣ̫ϲ뿪ԣЩϴڲŻ˼ɵʥȺĶܡһʥȺվ˽ŸӵԼõ㹻ԴֻҪһ̤澳ôЩϴڽĻᣬСһ֡ԣ˵Уһͨ˵ϴڣǰһԤԡ
ӵ˵⣬ĿͶī˵죬³򣬵ȴӰ쵽̫޹飬ѹ¶δͻõ£ΪѲ⡣죬ϵ׻ƴ򣬻һݵˣƷƬ죬׵Ļ˺ܶ˵ĵܶ˵ĵС޶СǿиԤؽ䣻ԤҲ㡣ޱߣҲֻ˵ֻظһȥʱˡ
īһ𾪵Ŀӵڸ˵ⷬʱӵƷѾӳҶءһΪӵˣȻһֶ
ӵ˵ͨԤԣʵӦЩϴ֡ȴû뵽ⷴЩϴڵķǼʩѹţԺӻ棬кΪɣȷ֡
ƾʲôѽƾʲôôƷŭ
ҲƾʲôƾҵĽ塣ī˵
Ʒ˲Ȼ֪ҵĽġ
ԣ֪ĺȴȻˡӵ˵޳վһֵġ㣬ʥôܱųԣһһģǲ֪ЩϴڡͦãҲ֪Ƿ񣬵׻᲻档ǲֵĻȺˣ϶ġ
زΪ飬ôҪôƷʵ
ӵһۣ̫磬ֻأȷǿ󵽼վ죡κ飬ÿһ죡Ϊκ飬ӦϲôǿԪˡͱȥǷ򣡵񡭡ͲͬˡƬسϵģƬ죬档档ζʲô
īζֻҪ˷񣬾ͿԴӴԶԽֻأ𣬵õصϿɡ޾ĺ档з羰ζţ˷񣬾͵ӵ塣Դ־¡
Ʒһ͡
ӵͷԣЩϴڣһ̺ܴ尡˵ţī˵עȥ֮ǰ˵һ仰˵ݵˣͲҪܾȻ󣬲̰Կ񣬷һĽδ
Ʒ翴ӵ
ӵһ̹Ȼ˵ģڸ˵仰Ѿȥһټʮ꣬ȻûǣҲûп׷
Ʒǳ˳飬˵񡭡ģ
īӵһͷ
ƷһЦԤУʲôأ
ӵĿƷ죬Ʒ翴öЩëˣ㵹˵
˵ʲôӵһãȻ
ôңƷʵ
ڿϳûӵһĺ˵˵
īֱЦˡ
Ʒֱۣ漴ҲЦðɺðɣҸʵҶ
ֵЦһᣬӵɫ˵ֵܣҪǺ컨ҶЩվǴ˵ҵλڣҲ˵񾿾᲻棬̫϶㲻ԣֵҲûҪȥôࡣˣҲûһëĹϵ
⵹ǣûҪ⡣ֻҪǵ飬ú͹ˡڰҹţǻ壬Щϴڣ϶ѾһˡʥȺֵ¾ףһΣ϶췭ظƷ˵
ģһġĲ˵ʥȺʥ϶Ϊǵȥֵܱġӵ˵
ʥնīƷ綼һ𾪡
ӵͷ嵱꣬һһߴʥֱǺʥʥţħʥʥѩԴʥʥèʥߴʥǰͽΪֵܡиͬͬЩϴڵѹ֮£ʥϼ纣˵ʮа˾ˡΪ֮Ҳûֹܶݹ˵ʥˡèʥоӲ˾ʹˡھġ˵ǵֻʣһл꣬ȴԶܸԭˡ
ӵ˵ⷬīƷ綼оͷʮֳء
ʥĴڣҡңЩϴڣûһ֮ǲѣһ֣ǳ׵ֶκ¡
Щ飬ǣңԶʱҲҪȥЩͷȥˡһȥ̽һ»ʯΣīЦ顣
ƷֱƲ죬ģǳЦ
ӵҲͷߣųīȷ֪ʯʲôط
īͷʵʵĵǰ˵İ
û˵ʯ棬һʯͷǸӵųīһǲǷ˵ı顣
ȥʶһ£˵ʯͷ棬ĻԵأīЦ˵
ʥҲ𰸣ܣƷ緭Űۡ
īҪ˵ȴƷȻó˴ʯ֮󣬴ʯУûдǴݳһ
ʦ֣ˣʦšʦˣ
ƷɫͱˡԵĳīӵɫҲűˣ
˭
ǸޡƷĵ£
ӵĵãīĶɩ
ƷŴʯ֣̲ס΢΢ǳʵô£
һ˵壬Ͻڣҵ˵Ǳ˵꣬ʯжˡ


1442 ھ
Ʒ´ʯɫüΪѿһ˫˸űĹâ޵ɱ˵һεĽѵǻǲǵã
϶𼱣ô£֮ǰ飬Ѿƽ𣿡ӵƷ硣
īȴʵ磬ոôʯϵˣ죿
ӵʱҲعζ΢΢üǰһ˵仰һ仰졣ɺһ仰ȴƺе㡭ţе㲻̫ζ
ī˵ûȻѾ뵽ˣϸҲҪһʱ䣬ʱ䣬ѵ˵ʲô𣿶ңΪʲôҪôæĹصʯأҾã桭᲻ʲô⣿
ƷˣЩȻĵǸƢҵһʦ֣٣Ҹͬһʱʦŵģͱһ㡣УҲõˡôẦң
ǿҵĴī˵ţӵһۡ
ӵ˵ǣһһ˰ɡ
Ʒҡͷܾˣϴ£ҵ˽¶ǲͽҲ̫á
ʲôֵܣ¾ǵ£ľͺãҸ³çˣΪѵġӵ˵
Ʒ룬ڵͷǣ鷳ֵˣ˵ʵһε¼Ԥϣֻû뵽ô죬ھ¡ʦ
µģԼֵܣͲҪ˵ʲô׻ˡҸˮ㲻Ҳ޷˵˽ˣӵƷ磬ο
漴··ϣīӵҲ˽˹Ʒ֮һЩ顣
ҵ걻ʦǿߣһʽʦΪʦĵӡʦһϣλȻر֣ҲԡԺܶ飬лȨġ
棬һּϵʦڵǸϵһЩûʲôʿȻҲܴҴߡ
ʦƷĻУм֮顣
ĵģ㣬ʦΪֻҪʦڣͲʲô⣡ھʦǱΪ˿οңû˵ô͸
Ʒ̾Ϣţгǡ
İɣôһţκ飬Ҫзȴڵġӵο
īһƷ磬˵һǸӵܵľٶȻģһ˵ȴûйصıְ
㣬ӵȻˣҲû취ȥԹƷ嶯Ͼ£Ǹκһ¶ͬľٶ
Ʒ˵ǸӵһλȨسϵ˽ӣΪҲҪǿˣǸʱһЩֶΣߵˣҩֶΡ
㹻ҲмȻĻĿܾͱǸ쵰̣ˡ
κһˣ鶼ǲ̵ġ˵ʱǸӵܻƷ磬˵ʲôү˯һǳСΪԼ֮ˣ
⻰ǻƷ磬ǣֻһǸͻҷˡ
ƷʹȻʹˣôҲǺʦ˼ȫĹϵҲȷ㣬ǰʮ콾µʱԷͻֱˡ
Ͼ棬гԽĴڡɱǸĸףҲһǵ
µʱȻѹȥˣȴ൱һ㣬Ʒ֪ʦ֪ԲŰƷϻȥ
ʦΪ£ľ۵вƲû뵽Ⱥ˵ȻϷŹƷҧȦЩ졣
ӵīһۣȻ̾Ϣ϶£ô˵أôˡǸһԱǡԺ飬侲롣϶Ҫɱôɱȴѧʵġ٣ҲҪһ˵ùȥ潻ɱԼǡˣκҲֲͷȥ鷳ҲܹҡǲҸΣ԰ְˣôһֱʵʵɣлֵġ
īͷƷֿûԹѪͷܲˣʹһʱ仰˵ûоԵʵ֮ǰҪ¡ʵѾּ˭˭ĵزȻʵҲȻҪСı˱°ӡ
н˵ʵûʲôϵĲͬһֶԹһҪΪӪСĽԽߵߴԽҪ˷ǹ
ʵ룬īԼӦøеңΪЩһ·ߵĶܺáûгֹﶷ顣
ԭӦøһֱһ·йأ˵Ʈ칬һֱǾ䡣ڣƮ칬еЩ˾Ͳܳʲô̫⡣ԺأԺԽԽ˶뿪Ʈ칬Ʈ칬ҲԽԽǿ漰ԽԽʱ򡭡᲻Ҳϵ᲻ҲֶƷ飿
Щīһ㶼֤ˡֻܾԼߵˣŽһЩֻøԼйصЩѣȡ档̫飬
˶ĵʱ򣬶ҲùֿԼţ⣬ֵһ𣬾һܹī˵
ƷӦһһ˿ů
һ·۵糸дСмùսսīһͱīˡ
νսʵɱģķ򡣳īҲ˶ʲôġѡԼģѡˣҪге׼
˷ĸ·޲ֱ˺Ƭȥպ˴ڴ
ڻмǧʱ򣬳īͣ½ŲΪǰڴۼһȺˣˣȺ˶ʱѸٵĴɢȻΧڵС
Ʒɫͱˣһʼյͷ꣬Ĭһ£Ȼ̾Ϣһʵʦû°ɣ
һ֡
Ҫκһ䣬ī˶װס
ƷǸʦ֣ǰƭ˹û뵽ˡЩϵı飬ƺҲûһ
ȫڵˣīһ䡣
Ʒɫĵ˵ͷ
ʱǸʼյͷ̧꣬ͷһɫĿƷ磬˵ʦ
ʦôˣƷͻȻ䱩˵
ʦˡȻ棬ȻƷŭΪ㣡ҺʲôΪ㣬ʦô᣿
ƷһΣֶŲ૵ʦˣ
ʱ򣬶ȺУ߳һӣȵƷ磬棡£¾ʦпܣı֮λıѾ¶ˣʦ֣;֪֪ܸģǸһνĻᡣʲôʸָߣڸģѾΣȺƷ磬̫ѿĻ͸Ͻֿ־ܰɣ


1443 ɱ
ʱЩˣȫһ䣬Ŀ¶ɱĿƷ硣
ƷЦҵЩʦʦأ
ǶһȺ棬Ѿ͵ظɱ˵ʣôһ棬ȻȥУҲһ㡭ΪĲԣ⡣Ҳᱻڡ
Ʒ૵Ҳ˵ҪҵĻ𣿡
ңѾͺӳʦϣͺӳʦȥԺ޼ҿɹ飬׼ȢһЦ
˵ʲôƷһͷŭʨӣȻ̧ͷŭӡ
ڣųţŲܶ콾ȴûͺӳʦ󡣲ΪͺӳʦĳжáȻĳյȷ൱߳Ϊͺӳʦ̫ˣ
˵ʿѻ᳤ôΪ̫취ԸıԼòͺӳʦΪһŶĳ࣬ԽԽ󡣶ǲתģҲû취ıġֳѾ뵽ͺӳʦĵСԣڵһͬҲô
ͺӳʦĳѾ˳޵ĵزСһģᱻĳŵ
ԣͺӳʦ겻뿪ҪΪܶʳĵȷУҲͱˡ
Ϊ౻ʦţн磬¶ǼΪġ
ڵִ£Ȼ˵Ҫ޸ͺӳʦڱһǺεı
Ʒ粻ôǰʮ֮ô𡭡簡ʵȨϵ˽ӣ㶼˵͸ˣţҾͰİŮˣ޸ˣ
˶ӵĳʵ뷨
ǲɱ㣬ҪƷ˩סҪƷԼİŮˣϡ
֮ҲԸӵĵزˡɼƷĺж
Ҳ˵һĪеͰʦʦͽܡƷ绺̧ͷһǸʦ֣ͽ֮ˣȫɱˣȻ󣬲ҪƷҪ޸Ҳҡ𣿡
һмʦ棬һš棬֤֤ڣ㻹ʲôɽƱģʦ;֪ؼʱ̣ʦ˵㣬Ǹ޹أͺӳʦԼҪµġ
ǺǺǡǺǡƷĺޱȱЦ˵ҪǷĻǲǻ
˵أĵУ濴һܣֱǸЦΪǰʮ޵еأ
ƷЩʵЦ˵ԸأԸ޸ͺӳʦأҵŮˣѵ˽϶Ըһ޸ͺӳʦġԣǱˣ־ܣ˵ɣ
һЦ֪ô˽ԼµûϵҸ㿴һ
˵ţóһӰʯ֮󣬰ͶӰһ档УһµŮһļˮ˵Ʒ磬ҰɣԸ޸ͺӳʦ
һ仰Ȼֹ
Ʒ˶סˣ·ʧȥһ㡣
ʱ򣬳īԺȵ
Ʒһ£һãȻĿųī
ī˵ǲɵ˵ʲôʲô˵һƭġ
ʲô˵ƭƭˣƷԼǻеˣǲ㣿Ŀųīˣٹ£鷳
ȥģīЦһ䡣
˶ʱŭҪ
ȴīЦŴϣСֶΣʡʡɡ˵ţīƷ磺磬ú룬˽ˡԸ޸ͺӳʦĪ˵ͺӳʦƾͲÿһӢˣᶯ𣿡
ᣬȻᣬֻһˣƷһƶȻ˵Ϊʲô
ΪʲôӰʯ𣿡īЦ
Ʒͷ
ī˵ƽʱĴȥˣú룬ΪʲôӰʯļ¼ֻô̵һ仰û´Ļ
ʱ˲ȻŭССҰܵҰȥ
Ȼֱӳųīˣ
ӵɫ̧־һ
һĹȥ
¡¡
ȻһȻ졣Ǹ˵ΣϵĺˣͬʱڴڿѪ
һ˫У¶ޱȺȻĹâӵҲη壺㡭ʲôˣ
ӵƷ˵϶˵ĶԣӦǱвҪ޸ͺӳʦȡĻԼúɣ˽
Ʒ۾ʱһĨ֣૵ǵģһһģ
˵ţǸʦʦ֡ҧʵС𣬴ͽҵʦ֡һķϣңǲģ
̧ͷ૵ҡҲ֪ʲô֪
Ʒȴʱ˿Сôѣ˴˼ǳ˽⡣ķӦϣƷжϳīӵ˵ǶԵġ
īƷʵЩˡɱ
ӵҲͬʱȥЩɱ⣿
ûɱ⣡
Ȼٶȣϻصȥʱ򣬾㣡
ǳīӵһ˲䣬ľ
ƷȴЩԥˡڡ̫̫ȻɱȺˣȻٴȥǱؽڲݡڵȻĶְ
ӵīһֵۣ֮Ȼദ²óɱ˴˼Ĭ̫ˡҲ̫һƷԥʲôֻһ񣬳īӵ㳯ž˹ȥ
¸ûϵڲǸӵѪһ仰û˵꣬Ϳոһķֳˡ
ֻһΣԷУһѽ
꣡
ӵֻһ
âһ
ֱӱ㱻롣
Ԫ񣬶һ˲䱻ĥ
ӵɱѾ߳ͬʿ֪١˵ˣֻһ߽𡣱ӵľ磬ʮǧ
īкµն𣬱īһնϡ
ǷȻĺУҪԼ塣
Ȼ󣬳ī·ǣУͻȻ롣ǵϣһ͵Уߡ
һ˲䣬īѾˣ
ȺˣֻʮʣЩȫ׼𾳽Ϊɷһĳīȫɵˣ˼Ѿʧȥˡ
ֻǵʯһ˲䣬ӵīˣѾɱ
īɱˣӵɱˣ
ȻԸٶȣʣµȺˡ
ƷҪֹʱ˼Ѿɱʮˣ
ֲ̫ˣ
ֿµսֱӾͰȺ󲿷ֶǵһνڵӸŴˣ
ô绹Ժģīһնȥһ׼ͷ­ͬʱĥԪ񣬵˵Ƕɱ⣬ȻȥѶɩʲôڣˣɱô
϶۸زʲôԥģԺǸ£ӵ˵
Ʒӯб޴ĸжһƷûηս޾ɱˣڣǱҵģ
˵ţڼǰѵذףչ˷ɱ¾


1444 
˱Ƽˣʲô鶼ó·֮ǰƷ绹һİڵԼļңīӵڣȴҲǣպǣ
ڣʦˣһȺСһ𳤴ʦʦʦʦҲȫˡŮˣ˽Ϊ˾ŴӦ޸ͺӳʦǸѾĿůļ԰һħߣ
֮󡭡ѵħߣ
ֵ߸Եת䣬ƷЩ
Ⱥɱˣûһ˿һԥ۾ֻʣһ֡ɱ
īҲãӵҲãڻɱȺ˵ʱȫÿƷǸʦ֡ˣǽƷԼĺá
һʮڵˣԳīӵıɱ¾֮£Ʒķ׷ϣһʱɱֻʣһƷʦ֡
ʱƷλʦ֣вСġսսмվȡҪߡīӵţûлߡ
īӵȻûɱȴһֱأ
СŵһļҪˣȫû뵽ʮ˵Ķ飬ʮǿߣȻòһƷ磿
ƷʲôʱôˣˣǵĳƺƺǽֵܣǣƷʲôʱ˽ݵģ˭ô˿ֲ
С棬ֻʣºˡʿνʲô;֪淢ʦ֮ģǺǾǹһС֪̰ˣ
СȻʹȺɱʦҲʵʹƷ硣ΪʦȺʦֵܽáҲ볹׳Ʒ硣һԼҲ̤ʵ
ͽͽɣš
ԣȻЮƷƭСҲֻһζѡģȴ֣Ƕˣȴлŵҡ
˭뵽ת֮䣬龹Ȼᷢ˾޴ת䡣
ˣʿֱɢֲɱǵÿһܴһ
ѵ˵УĿô
ָͷڲСУţ֮⣬ˣ˻ɱʱӿĿ־壬ͬˮһӿ
ͨһ£͹У૵Ʒ硭㡭ɱҰɡ
ʦĶƷŭ⡣
С᣺ҡûУұֱӿסɱˡȻ󡭡ȻǸ˵ֻҪͿԻҡ̰ҡûбʦûбЩֵܽá
ƷҲ̲סᣬŲС쳤̾еĵȴ䲻ȥ
ʱ򣬳īһʵСǱߣǲѾ޵ȴƷȥ
Сҡҡͷǲ뵽Ʒ硭ôû뵽Ʒߣа֡ǶڣȺšС
СƷϣӿһɱ֮ɫҧҵɱʱҪңУƷһһ˵ᷴڡƾʲôңһأ
Сص̾Ϣһ˵˵ʲôˣƷ磬һȰҪͼȥˡȻŵˣûϵᷢʲôӣӦǻȥҲлġԼ߰ɣԶ߸߷ɰɣӽԺ󣬲Ҫٻиõǰ̡
ƨƷŭԼŮˣһ޸ͺӳʦǸС㲻һȥ顣߰ɣҲɱ㡣
㲻뿪֮󣬸ŸܣС˵
¡ī˵ţֱӳ֣ӡ˲Сٶ̫죬СûκηӦƷӵûüκηӦ
㡭Ʒ翴ųī˵ﻰŲСĻûгԼʦ˵Լ
磬ûɱ뽫ӡˣšһǵϢ¶ţǾͱˡİɣҰʱǴŶɩصͷȥī˵
ӵʱһ˵˵е
ƷҲֻ̾ϢһŲС𣺡㱻Ķ
ƽ塣С˵
󣬳īֱӽСĴȻôʩչˮͨڸطһд򶷺ۼЩڵӵʬ壬Ҳȫ
д߳Ӧһսȴݵʲô
һ֮ӵųīĴָϸ緢ɱɱ˷Żĺòϣ
ī˸ۣǿң
ԣǿ㣬㡣ӵ΢Цŵ
Ʒ翴ˣ۾ģ磬ܣķϻҲ˵ˣӽǸͬ
ӵļ磺϶Ǹݡһͷڵϵʱ򣬾ѾģҪиͬͬˡ
߰ɣȥȶɩī˵ţһǸڡ
ƷӵڳڵʱֻоһɺۻڻصȻ󣬾Ϳľʬ塣
˶ʱĿɿڴӵųī˵ɱڵٶȡ̫˰ɣ
īƲƲ죺ֲɱ˿ħĸһһʹңǲǰƷǸͽˡ
Ʒʱһ
ӵһƷ磺ĸˡڵˣ
ƷЦǣһŵģҲ֪ԭڵԵס
ӵ֣ľʬ峹׻ȥȻĨеĺۼ
īɫĿ佱¶Ҳ
Ʒ˿أ໥٩Ҳ̲סЦ콾Ҫɡ
īӵЦ˸ʵƷеѹСһ죬γɿֲħƷδɾ޴Ӱ졣
йˡ
ֱʣ˭Ըȥûа취˭еùʱ
ھط̫Զ˵ĽԼҲһʱ͵ˡ
·ϣƷ߳īӵڵ棬һʥˡңҲǰЩ̤ʥ˾ġʣµģʮ׼ʥʮ
ī̲סզ࣬׻ƴҲͿˡһûбӡǿţô𣬲֡
ʥ˾棬ֻҪųΣ̫ܳ֡ʮ׼ʥٻһ롣վǶġƷЩص˵˵Ӧʮ׼ʥˣҵʦѾˡ
ӵüңվǶ׼ʥܾͲһˡΪǾ׼ʥҲδô׵ɱһ׼ʥ
īҲͷ׼ʥʿǰķˣû˸ӡԣͬƲ⡣ʮ׼ʥʮͬʱ֣пܻɱʦҺ֣ô飬λʥ棬Ҳܣ


1445 
ƷЦţһɬĵʥ桭˵ҲӦ˵ʲô˼ңȷǲԸЩ顣Ϊܶǰʥһ̣˵ѾʥӴ˺󣬾ͲǷ׼ˡԱһΣеڶΣٳ֡£ҲܡΪڣҪʥ˵Ľơ
ʥ˾ͲǷ׼ˣʥ֮£ǷˣӵһĲţλ棬湻ġ˼ҴʥҲû
Ʒ̾Ϣ򣬲򰡡
⻰һīӵȻǲͬλʥ˵Ĺ۵㣬ȴҲˡԭİ˴򣬱ߴЩûбӡĴ磬ֳɵߵȷѣ׼ʥҲܸߡʥȴ̫ˣȻûбӡ磬ҪʥҲ൱ס
ԣڵλ棬ʥ֮󣬻̬Ҳ˵ж֡
ʥˡǿĴˡ
ߴ֮Ȼϵʵϣ֮µʿͬпܴû˵򡣾˵ҲãǸ磬Լ̫ңԶˡ
Ǻ£ʥ˾ڲ£ǵѹͻٺܶ౶ī˵
ӵҲǵͷԣһֱ¶档
ƷҲΪȻĵͷʵϣҲλʥͻȻð赲ǡ룬ʦûܾλ棬ԼʲôҲӶɣ
һ·ۣȫڲݵͬʱıԼòƷĴ֮£ֱֵӳŲСйѺƽȥ
·ϣīȻƷ磺磬ǸСĻɲţҪҪȵһ£
ӵҲͬУһˣܳһΣܳڶΣȵһΪá
Ʒüƽ塭ȷڹѺҪĵطôһ˵ҲеûˡǾ͵һºˡ
ڣһɽŵķΧС
Ʒʦһϵˣȫɱ˸ɾͨСšı̵ڡ
ʵ֪ģͨУͨĸУھǿţû֮һɣһҲûУ˭Ա˳ŵģȥͨУš͸ˣǸҹƷʦλڳϱĴ֮֮λ޴ǣ
˵ı̵ڣ˵򣬾û£
Ϊ˭֪ڵıվһʥˣ
ڲĶƷʦҪǿλҲ޿ܡ
ܳ飬СӶŵ飬ˡ
ġɾƷЩʦֵܽáһϵйϵˣȫ⵽㡣
˵ڼʮصһ淢ڶĿľǽƷ¼Ϊͷ׽ڵĲݸһϵˣ
ΪڣѾһʥ˵ˣѾǿţĹšȺˣԭͿƷʦͨͥѰҵӵΪֱ̫ڵˡ
ҵ˻ᣬܷŹ
һεɱ¾ʵҲûнгƽɱ⣬ԣŵЩڵӼֱΣʲôʱ⵽㡣ڣܶܡΪһˣǾ͵ڸȺȨĽڡ
֪жˮһõϡȨûеһȺˣʲôԼ⣿ֽαԼ
ԣﵽҹֵڣ컹ûڣͼûʲôˡ
Ʒ·ųīӵһƬϵĽ
ŵӾסĵطƷ紫ˡ
īЩֵĴʵŵӡô֪ɩӹĶ
Ʒҡҡͷʾ
īӵҲͲٶʲô
Ʒ߹հ˹յģһ޴լԺԺ棬壬һûС
һ·̨ͤˮ鿣ܴһƬӣԺ
м䷿һ䣬滹ŵơ
Ʒ΢΢ſ죬Ȼһ󣬾͸ɽһĽ
ŵƵӣȴһӰ󣬵
Ʒʾ˸ߣҡڵĽǼ䷿
һϡߣΪһ˫ۣȴīӵһָоߣ򵥡
߿īӵˣе⣬ȴʲôĻû˵ʾ¡
ƷûͨһڵϣˮһӾʳ
ߵȦҲˣָָ̧죬Ȼ̾һһ֣ⷿ棬һ硣
˵վǻˣȥץ㣬Ҿ֪ץ㣬ңһڻԾ룬ȥȻ󣬲ҪֱͣȥԺҲҪ
Ʒ翴ߣһ߰ɣ
ˡߵϣ¶һĨ飬Цİɣû˻ҵ鷳
īӵ֪Ʒʲôϵ
Ʒ͵ʦľˣҲǵʦͽڵˣʦǰĺӡ־ȹʦΣǰǰ󣬾ȹʦΡҲҵľˣҽڣȹΣҪǰҲˡЩ飬ڣ֪ҲҶѾˡʸϵĹ֮һһʵѾﵽ׼ʥ۷塣Ҫǵܹһصˣ£ͳʥˡ
īӵ˶ʱȻ𾴣ǴƷУѾסӦڵһʿڵˣȴһϵ
ǳ̫ˣʦʱѾˣƫ͵ɱ¾̾ϢһĨѹ֮ɫ
Сң㱻ƽ塣Ʒߣֱʳɻ
ҡҡͷΪԷһµ塣ƽӦ׼ʥ
Ʒ̲סһһ۳īӵһĨ
Ҫİ뷨һͷȥ˵˵ļơ׼ʥסǸҪȳ㣬ȴǲˡ
ȥɺӣ˵ʲôˡƷ֡
治ߣƷȦͨ죬ĵţʲô˼
̾ϢһѾԪ޶Ҫ˵ʲôƷ磬ƽһЦһ޷ܵ顣Ҫģ鳾õĹޡ
Ӱ뿪īȻӵ˼ңĴ־ˡ
ӵӦҲˣ˼˵Ԫ޶ʱ򣬾¶־ˣóǿţ϶ʦǳûӣӡ͸һ
Ʒһ·ĬţŻԾ뼲ۣУֺγ֪ıʹѡ񣿵ȴֹΣʰҪҪһߣܾˣˡ


1446 Ծµͺ
Ծ룬ڣһĶء׼ʥıչ֮ء
׼ʥһڵĳϣһϣһϡ
ǰѣƷ벻ᱻѺУһƬȻȻѾǾ׿ϣȻĻôᱻѺ
ǻ濴Ұ
Ʒȼܵŭ˶Ѿŭɶ״̬
ףڣʱҪȳ㣬Ҫֵ֤ܵİȫɷϣڣǸ˵Ȼ̶ͬѨһ㡣ֵܿһ𴳣ǾǵڰƷˡҪֵܳʲô⡣ƷĿ
ƷСﳤһٶˣڵһһľϤòϤ飬˼ˡУҲĸеʹ
ܿ죬ųīӵˣ˻Ծ븽
ǰبһͬͻľ޴ɽ룬Ʒ翴һ۳īӵȻͷһط۶ȥ
ޱȵϤʲôطܹѺ㣬ġ
˵ľʵ˵Ƕڿ֮£ûܷǵĴڡ
ԽǽӽƷҪȥĵطԽɭϡ˶ԸодʿС
˵Щ𣬹κвҲûܷǡ
ƷĴ£֪ģһɽǰȴһˡ
һͺӡ
ӱӰͺģְֵģվڹ¡˵ģ÷ĻΪһˮװǡ
ͺӳʦ
īӵһƷ硣
ȴƷϿʼҪļ
϶㡣ӵѵ
Ʒ簵һȻĿͺڸɽڵ졣
ͺӳʦ˵ŵʱ򣬾ͲܴһŹ߳ǹŻôһ۷徳ʿĵ٩š
һ۷ʿЦĵͺӳʦãϾ˯һ֦ˡ
ٺ٣ٺ٣ȫҿ͸һɫ˵šͺӳʦġ
īӵȫֻҪƤĸо
̫ˣ
˾˿϶
֪ͺá˵ͺӰҹģʲôϱ۸ĺˣǿûǸ۸ûбӡΪȻ򲻹ǸֳǿǳԲ˶ߡ֮ǰ٩ͺӳʦӦôߵʿ˵
ΪûбӡͺӳʦƺܾȣҲеɥ
ǰôʲô뷨һʿЦ˵ͺӣ˼ôòҪھͰ췹ɣ
ǸҲǣǵô˵ٺ٣Ͼͳϱˡһһôôǰɣλˣͺҵһ⡭ͺӳʦһĵ˵ţһߴȡһʳС
ʿΪͺҪԴ¸ǣͺȡһʳУȫסˡͺӴߵǸʿĵͺӣǸ۷𣬻һٷ
һҲЦͺӣǲǾϿȢһ֦Լͱø߹ˣ
١١ûУĸأͺԼʲôͺûλˣúÿʳ桭װʲôͺӳʦȻһġ
ǺǣҵҪʲôЦͺӵǸʿֱƿʳУʱ΢΢һʧʮݵ㣿ͺӡ𣿡
һʿҲһ𾪣˵ͺӣ㵨ӲСררλʳģҲҿ˿ۣ
١١ûϵģҾͿвءλҲԡû¡ͺ˵
˵ͺӣа£ƽʱûٸɰɣЦͺӵʿЦЦʵ
١١ĸңĸأⲻǣⲻλ𣿡ͺ˵
˵ɣʲô¶Цͺӵʿбͺӡ
룬ȥ͵ԵġͺӲ˼ĵȻҳ󣬵ҡҲ룬ҲҪôҡ
㻹ͦģУ׼ˣͺӣҿɾ㣬ʲô˼λ̵һսǿֲĺܡҪΪƷǸСͽԾˡԣΪ֮һʿ˵
ҶҶģ١١ͺЦţɽ
ƷĿѣҪȥ
ȴīһѰסˣʳĶо綾嶯
ī֮ǰͺӳʦĸйҲܲǾһֻ󡣬Ӹոշ顭δ򵥡
ƷǿסеķŭʱɽλѾЩ಻סҪˡ
ЦͺӵǸʿЩ裬ֵܣ˵ⶫо綾ԽãԽⶫʮߣѾʮˣһ
һʿЦ˰ɣƾͺӣǸӺǣȢһ绨ŮؼءİɣӣҲң
˵ţӣһ飬Ȼһܵı飺̫óˣģ볢һⶫˣϧһֱûᣡ
Цͺӵʿ֮ͬʲôӦûУҲ̲סˣҲǣͺӵΪȻͣʲôʱ˴ܣ﷿һЩΪԶˣһһͺӵĽţҲֻҺ١١
ʿѧͺ˵Ȼţ˵ֵܣǸҪ˵ԡ
ԣƾʲôԣ붼룡ЦͺӵǸʿ̲סˣһ飬
ʮ㣬ÿһ߶೤̼ͽ۷ĶӡûüȾơ
ʱȳԵλͻȻɫһ䣬Ҫ˵ʲôȴԼ޷ˣ
һ˫ۣ͹ţͷϡϡϡ¶Ĳλ𣬽ţ۵һһںѪز
ⳡʱɵһλſͣҪȵһͷ­ն
ͬʱһòޱȳªͺӣɽųīǵķ򣬺˵˭˵Ӳɱ˵ģ飬һһͺӵĽͦˬǲǣ
һĻƷӵ𺳵òᣬ漴īоֲ̫ˡȻܿͺӵ⡣
īһۣЦЦҲûн˵ǲͷͺʳĶԾ
ʱͺӳɽʦãܰɡҪֱͣȥȥƷ硣סԶҪ
ʦ֣㡭ô죿УΪʲôҪô㲻֪𣿡ɽ洫ܿ죬ӰҲڳī˵С
Ʒ۾һӾͺˡ
ͺЦҵͻˣǱģҵ˽ҩеˡԣⱲǷˡҵˣһڵӣ˵ˣǸһҲŪˡˣǣ޹ҡУʦã֪֮˵ôªҺӢҲܸƷʦ콾ŮˡȺôΪ˶Ʒʦܡǲҵ˿١ҾףٳҲһˣ
ʦ֡Ȧˣް㾫µϣˮͺһףʦִ
߰߰ɣ˷֣߲ˡͺޱȳªϣһ˶µЦݡ
ڴ˿̣УȴΪůЦݡ
ʱУȻ䴫һͺӡ㣬ôӣ


1447 նʥ
ͺӵӵһ£ĵˡȴֱӳѾͷܣʲô
˵ţֱӳŴǷȥȵͺүүĵӴûС̵ģ׼ʥ˸ƨ
Уһŭȡ
ڵĶϣѪųʶһĻޱȷŭֱɱ˹
Ǹĳſ޹ͺӣŭһȥɣ
һѹ
׼ʥһ
ĿѣҲȥ
ٶȣ׼ʥô죿
ۿªȴƵͺӾҪ⵽֡ڰУȻӰͬʱ𣬷ֱ׼ʥ
ǸҡڵĶŭһ
ţӾͱˣ
īӵƷ纬ŭϻֱӴ
ֲ̫ˣ
ֱͱ죡
һ׼ʥĴܣһ棬ͱ塣ϵԪѳȡ
īֱȡ߱죬һȥ
꣡
ϵ׼ʥԪֱӱһ޴˿ڡ
ӵƷ׼ʥͬʱٴιϳīһڽϵԪ顣
ͱ죬ڣ˲䲻֪жٵӰֳ
īһץסͺӣƷץס˶˵㡣ӵӳһϵԪ񳹵״ûɢ
ֵˣˣ˲ʧҹС
ţ¡¡
нֵͬʱŭȣɣ
ţͷԪ޶࣬γȫǱ
Ʒһӵ૵
ӵҪ˼ҵһƬģߣ
һˣ˺գ˲ƣڵķƴܡ
ֻҪǾʤ
Ⱥڵ˼ֱͬһȺͱѵ䣬ģѹѹһƬ׷
ͺûлعããȻ֪ʲô顣
ǱȴסƷĲӣͷûע⵽һԵĳīӵ˵˲ˡֻʣһ뷨ڰů棬ȻˣҲֵˡ
ӵüͷϺ󣬳ź͵һʲô
ţǧձȻըˣϴ졣һȺըܴҺŭ
ڵ׼ʥǼȫһ˸סˡһϣ̤ʥ˾ĴܣһҪչֳɱ൱ֲ
׼ʥһһϣһ֮£ˣ
ݺᣬһƳ죬ɢһµ
գۼ䣬ͻ׼ʥҲ˲ˡһҵҵΪڷʵʵܲһ֮¡ΪɱһǾͳûɱһϵĺӵܡȺΪͶǳˣ
㱻ˣڵشһ߷õҩȶƣһŭš
ޣţ˭⣿Ѿǵˣţһе׼ʥл׷Ʒ磬һߴŭȡ
ʱ򣬴Զһ̾Ϣѣαأ
走㻹ţΪأŭ⡣
򣬸һʥ˵ģҲֱֻͷˡ
桭֣ɱ
ҳֻ֣һΡˣ´ΣҲܡԶ翣ȴѹƬء
֣ѹɱƷͬڵ
⡭һҪ󡣡翵ûһ˿档
棬
ðɡǱ̾Ϣһţ̽һֻ֣ѣˡ
ȥģֱӼһһ˹ϵսìֱӴֻ֡
սìȴֱֻ飬壬Ҳ˲顣
׼ʥ֮ѪȾƬ졣
һϣʥ˾ľ콾׾ٵˡ
ţֲֳֻͣ޾Զȥ
ʱ򣬳īһˣڣкԶֻ׷֮ǰȥ
īеͺֱӸӵߣҶϺ󣡡
УӵƷһԣɫޱȼ
Ȼͬĵȥ
໥һۣͬȥ
ʱȻﻹˣƷĻ̧ͷһȵĿһĻ
ͺӳʦųªޱȵϣҲ¶һĨж֮ɫ
ֵܰɣɣΣֵһսûҪߣȴȫԼȥǸϺˣ
ͺӵȦˣȻһӸоԼһƬڼѪ˵ֵꡣ
ûʲô飬ʱһ䡰ȥĵġ٣ͺôġ
ȻھҲ޺
īЦЦǶվ⿴ţǵһҴȥˣ
˵ţīӵƷκηӦɲǼԼͨȫĵ
ԡ
֮
֮
֮
ԡ
ˮͨ
䣬ܹӳڼĵУȫת
Ȼ󣬷һŭ
߱죬ֻ̽Ĵֱӳ˹ȥһֻ߸Ծ߱߾ٹͷšݺһȥ
죬Ҫնʥ
īе߱죬Ȼ䱬һֱ춯ءȾֲ
Ȼ
һ⡣
˳߱汬ǳ׻ָ߱죬ǿһ
һնʥ
׷λһʥ˶ѡ
ԣɱ׾٣
һ֮󣬳īݣҲڲز˶ˡīȴԹΪԼֵܶս޻ڣ
˲Ϯֻ֣Ȼֻ־ͱˣ
ţֱۡȻ첲
٣
Ȼ⣬նʥ˵ļϣٵ˳ļ磬ȫӡ
ײ̤ʥΨһǿĴߣ۾ǻϢ޷һΪʲôĵУǰȻûһ˿һĵֿ
Ϊʲôһ𾳽СһȻն˿µľɱһ
Ϊʲô
ʥ˾Ĵܣʡ
Ԫ١б˿գޡ
նɱһʥˣǵóеŶī֪֪һҲͬնȥ
ΪֻȺѹɲǣѾγˣ
ʥ˳֣򣬳ī֣ǹ
ԣī
һʥˣʧյУУʼˮȫ档Уȴһɼȱ˵Ϣ
ް
ˣ
ᣡ׷ʲô
ȫǿҵʡ
ڵˣɵˣ


1448 ׷ɱ
ɵˣֱӾͱˣ
ǵʥ棬ˣһİӣһ͸ûҷˣ
ڵӣľվȻ𾳽ʿ˿Ҳȫʧȥ˼Щţɻ᲻Լˣ˲ǵʥ棬ǶԷʥһܹ֣̾
ӵƷ֮ǰȻѾõ˳īѣڴ˿̣ҲȫЩͺӳʦ㣬ǵķӦЩڵӼһģһ״ɵһãȻ
Ŀһʥ棬ôһӾͱ˸ɱأ϶ǻþ
īо˲䱻ȡһգ߱ȴȻźƥɱƺնɱһʥˣʥ˾ʿ֮Ѫûȫθڡ
ɱֱľ
ãֻ߱Ƭ̣ವһ£˲С
īһҪӿµ䡣
˵ɱʥ˾ʿɱʥʿû𣬶ȫȡһաȻһʥĴܣĴۣ϶һЩ
ӵһī屧סȻߣ
ǱƷҲڻعһãȻͺӳʦĳԶߡ
ʱڵЩˣҲƺڻعȻû취ʥʵɿǰǼӰԶݣҲʲôˡ
ǵʥ桪ˣ
׷ڵ˶ҪˣȻ֮ǰˣȴֻʣһͷΣҲҪȺסȻĻ򶼽䣡
һʥţûʥţһô
Щƾʥǿѹ򣬵Ĵܣǹĳ൱ࡣϢͷסͷЩ˿϶Ὺʼ㡣
ԣΣҲҪɱסǿá
ڸ֪ЩڡȻǿƥʥȻˣȴסǻɱɱ֣
ԣΣҲЩˣ
ϧǣ־ˣࡣڵ𾳽ʿ֮ĵһӦתͷߣУ𾪡־廹в⡣
һݵλܸߵ̲סʵ׷
Ȼֻһ֣һ棬ȴ̫һǣʥ˾涼˼һˣȥ׷ȥ
ǸҿǸˡ϶ǶĳֽѾˣôʲô׷ץסɱܷеҲߣɣˣ۵һһѪ
ʥ˵ֱһ̫ˣ
ʥ沢û̫飬Į顣ЩûϵؼҪһ𡰴ڱԱ֤Ʋ¡ûκζѣ
ԣڵ֮ץһ˵ҩ̷ֱȥִȡһҩϴѹţԸԵĸˣ
Ϊ˻ָһսѾˡ
ڵӣ֮ȫһݣ֪ŭȫӲͷƤӵͳīȺ˵ķ׷ȥ
ڵҲ׷һ˫ۣѪɫġ޾ɱ
ӵųīƷ籧ͺӳʦһ·쭣ٶ˼¡϶вٵķҲ˲۲ˣֱӲϵļңԶ׷ȥȻֱӽ
ÿһ飬ɾ޴ɱȻ׼ʥʿҲҿ̫ӵּԼĵڶԪղ
ܹŽǰʮľ콾ַḻս飬쾡µֳ
׷Ȼڶ࣬ҲۣȴӲԶ޷ǣ
ȻޱΣ˾ȻԽԽ˷սĸо
һ·񱼣ͺӳʦھãȻͻ֮ҲĻع뵽ⳡΪսСϵķȻûôҲܶһáǻع֮Ʒѹ˲˺ܶࡣٶȣø졣
ī˶һޱƣ״̬ͬҲڻķƴָͬʱĵҩϱ¡ҲڿٵĻָС
֮˵ʹ־ɱֶΣգҪΪʩչ֮һ̣һ˲䣬ޱȻͺܶˣܶɾ޴ش
ӵƷƴػīҪָҲ൱Ŀ졣
һΣһӵڴʱīľ磬ѾָһС롣٣Բӵˡ
Լˡī˵
ӵһ䣺ԣ
ԣī˵ſҰɡ
ӵſīֳīϵϢȻǿ
ͣ˵ʲôϻֱӳȥī侲˵ǲǵĵ̣
ӵƷȳī˽⻰ȫͷ洳
Ʒͺӳʦȳ˽ȥǳīӵһͷС
ԶֱһѪԼ׼ʥĳȫ
ҧ׷ȥɱǣǾˣ
ЩڵĳҲֱ׷˽ȥ
ԭӦģ˭ܽĵطѾīǸɵˣȺģҲ𾳽磬ԣºԥҲ
Ȼǽ֮ȴͻȻ֣Ѿʧȥ˳ī˵ټ
ǰֻһӡŵĲС
ֱӳȥһѽСʵأ
Сһ־壬֪ʲôôһȺе˳˶µġ૵ʲôǣֱǰˡ
׷˺ݣҧгݣ¶ģһҪǼĶһѽСӳȥӸЩ𾳽ʿˣҲͬ
ʿӹСʣ´󲿷֣ȫһ𣬳ǰȥ
СǸסͬţһãȻʵʲô
ľȻشƷͬ㣬ǵʥأһͬɱˡ
С΢΢һ漴ո˵Ǿ仰Ҳͬ綼ޱȻҰһȥ
ץʿǳ˳飬Ҫ¶һЦı飬ȴȻоԼУڶǰ;δشĲҾ磬ﻹ˼ȥЦˣСҪˣƺҲû˼Һöٰɣ
Ϊ˺ųŽ
Ĵֲ֮أ
ӵƷ硢ī˵⣬ǵľ̤ʵһ룬Ϊؼˣ
ߵ·ȫǰճīָԭܼ򵥣ΪīܱܿЩΣյĵطȺˡͲˣ
һͷȴͻȻ䷢֣ΪʲôΪŵĽΪȺ˵еľ˵طһֲľأ
ʮ


1449 
ڸ߼׼ʥˣʮҽжûüĪĴ֮ͣ˽ŲͷɢˣվУ̲ס췢Хߵŭ¡¡Ĵ֮޾ңԶľ롣
Ʒ磡㹴ɱ棬ɥú
еͬѣƷ治ͬɱڵ棬Ϊ
ţ˵ҪƷ֮Ļʱһīߣ˳·ֱ
ڵһʱ䣬׼ʥĳϷ֣ҳԼҲѾΣգ˹ܵĶ
ˣ

½ڵĵ̡Ҳ˵˵ʲô᲻ֻ˵еĿֲ飬͸һף
ۣ
ɫߣֱӶ壬Ȼ壬ıһɺɫϢɣʳ
ˣˣ
ˣ
뿪
һȺڵˣǵޱǱĳ·˻ȥ
Ҳʾһε׷ɱжʧܣ
˵һëûȴ۽ʧޱȲء
Ⱥڵ˴ǵ˻صڴʱ˵ϣŸָˡߵĹУкܶ䣬Զ
Щˣȫ𾳽ʿȫĲƸ
ȴòһ
Ⱥƽｾ޲۾ϵʿζʲôڳŽ仰塣
ǶԼţԣǱˡ
ô򵥣
ƴһ뻰𵽶áһ׶ûС
ڵȷе򣬶šУ˻Ͽ֮⣬ûκ˻һš
бԣǸڣҲķ
ڵشȻõ˼ʱľΣȴȻ˻ԵС
ϣ໥һۣӶԷУһĨ⡣
ڲ
ΪĨڵĲݸϵһ˿ֲħͷǵʥ棬һˡ˼ֳˣӽֵطֱһ˽ɳ᲻ٴκƷһ𣬻صڡѩޣ
ֱһģ
ǣҲô
֪ˣαص
ȺڵˣɥĴֳ˳ȥô죬ȥ֮취ɡոսɱǵģֻе顣һһһȺսˣ˭߲ˡ˵ӽ𣬾͵ţ
Ŀ죬ߵҲ졣Ⱥڵʧ֮дǷˣط
һǺ棬֪ʲôսġһȺؾ綼̫֣ٺʲˡ
Ⱥȫ˸աһ㬵뿪ˡ
ⳡڶĸϢҲڳīӵƷӻ֮󣬳״ˡ
еʿϢ𺳵ü˵
ǵģǶ콾Ǿ콾
ڵ棬ѾȺˡ
ô콾㣬ȺҲȥ룬ǵµľʵȥһʥս˵һһʥˡֱǹ
ԽԽϢȫڴܶϢڲ˴ģɲñ˲š
ǰʮƷԼžˣ˵ΪڵһȺϣڣֱĪеɱʦԼʦֵܽãʦһˣɱ˸ɾ˵ףʵڲһȨսƷѲǵùӡ
µģ֮ǰƷĵ㣬⵽һʵȨϵ˽ӵϷҲͱóѡƷֵʱʧΪԭȥȥˡĴʽֱɱǸϷµ£ȴ
ڵЩǣڻɱ˲ݸһϵʿ֮󣬻볹նݳҪƷҲնɱҺܱɵƷĵ壬ҪɱƷ硣ȴû뵽Ʒ粻һ˻ȥġ߻ֵܡǾȳ㣬㿪ڵĿֲ׷ɱӻ
ǷǹģԶٲˣΪףȺԳƹĳΪף˵ɱͬţ¸ܡɼ⵽Ӧ
Уʼ˰ʵԭҽüΪ
Щ飬ʵȫƷȺеʦֵܽģ
ΪһֱûгȥԭѣҶһ١Ʒڻص֮󣬵һʱϵȺԼˣľŽһȻԼغãСġ
ȺƷʦֵܽһϢ֮ȫˣȫˡʵԸڡڻȥѻʯȺ˵Ļɱȥ
ڻزȥҲҪʵིڵƷ硣Ʒ磬ѾȺĿУΨһǸݡǵ䣡
Ǿϵģʵϵġ
ԣЩУʼʵľԭ
ȴûڵһսΪҲ֪һսƷҲû˵̫ϸ
һսľϢȻǴˡ
Ʒرǿʿһһ׵֪ʲôֱµԸӣһûɢǿһʥ˰
Ʒߣɱʥ˵İ֡
ƷǸ֣˭
̫˶¸еˡǲڲĶΣҲƷôĵµġˣֻһ£˭һڵʥˣ
֮ڴһϢ˵Ʒ磬֮ǰһֱһӵھŵֺһ𡣾˵ֵһƷصڵˣʮа˾žӵֺڡ
ôնʥ˵Ǹӵֺڣ
Ϣ̫ˣ
ȥô죬޽ӽࡣ
ţиȷϢ׿ڳϣƷӵֺһ𡣶һһʥ˵λڽ¿Ӧòӵ˵ӵȻǿûǿܹʥ˵ĳ̶ȡ
ӵǾֺֻڣ
ǵģԭֺǸ˲ţţٺҷ֣ҿ͸Ҫ˵һʥˣҾҲδزܷվûۿȷϡ
ǽ¹˵Ļ
īµλ֮Ҳֹֻһ䣺㻰ôô֪ࣿ߶˵£㵹˵ͦġ
ԴˣӵЦڱء
ңīһ
ǰø߸ߵģȻپ޴ѹʱٶ㷢ӵ˵ţīĴʯһɲ
īһӵ΢΢һ¡


1450 ҵ
󣬳ī˴ʯǵµľ
㲻ѽȻô춯صһ£ɱʥ𾳽磬ֻ˵ַṦΰ
ʯǱߣµг˾̾
ʵϣܱҪԶܱḻҲʵ
īֱӷϵʲôЦɱʥô˵ɱʥأ
һʥҲжѽǱЦĴݹһ
īʱһЦŴôģ
ֱѵû˵Ů˵ֱǿ𣿡
УʿȻֱ
ôţ
īͷߣصʲô飿
ҪҪҽңҿһݺ͵λȻ󣬴ӽԺ󣬽һӻ顣ʲôڣСɣڽȻǰһ˻ƲҿֱˣȥڣֵǣӴûκκ֮ǡ
ºԳīͣһľ콾Ӧף⻰˵ӱǲһġеľ콾Ժʥûκˡ
īĬţûӦ
½˵ӦҲףκεľ콾һɳḶ́еľ콾ܳɹĳɳ;Ӷ಻ʤ˶󡣵ԭ򣬼ֻһǾǣıǿ˵ģƷӵڶ߰ɣ˵ĻԲԡӵıȻԼֹ壬Ӽֲѷɫҵļ塣Щ⣬Ӧø˵ˡǼȻֵܡ԰ɣ
īĬţû
ƺҲ˵Ʒ磬ԭԺգҲΪڡɣߴʿĿУеλʿУȴʲôԼϲΪһе̵ļ壬ܶһʥˡڣҲôһˡ
īƲƲ죬ȴòϣ˵ЩʵеŮ˲ҶĵİգҲ൱ǿ
˵Ǹڿȥݺ˵ʵʵĲʲôֻ콾ĵطʥ֮վҪѡġǽߴ򣬻ߴĻԳưԣʲô˼أһСԶڴгΡ԰ɣµУϿҡ
īͷ˵е
ţߵӵƢǿԼң϶ǲصģΪĳҡ֪ܷǳ࣬ųīҲǺЩܣӼء̬ȣҲ΢ӼңҲܴӼҶƷӼԸ⣬ӵδԸ⡣Ʒ͸˵ˣʦѾ׾ѣӽֻԶ򡣳īҿԴңŵңұز㣡ԵĻƷ磬Ǿ͸ˣԸΪľ콾ṩеԴ͡
˵֮󣬽µͣƺڵȴųīĻӦ
īǸл˽µĿأ˵ﻰңĺܸжҲܿġ
ֺڣ˵ȱæžܾңģú룬ܸ㿪ģҸ˵޽Уǻ壬Ҳܿңīⲻҵǽҵģ¸оīƺҪ˼ʱһ졣
ѣҲھܾ㣬ǣЩ飬û취˵ôϿңʲô˵Ե˽顣ɣһʱ䡣ҲԼһʱ䡣ôһ̶ܶ԰ɣܿ͹ȥˡһ֮㻹ڵ뷨ͶҵȤһ濼ǡī˵
һꣿǱԵЩɻ㲻ֺ˵һ꾿ʲô˼һʱȷֻͨƾԼȥ·Ļһʱ䣬߲೤һξ룡
ԣһꡣīܿ϶˵
ǺðɣҲǸԶŵˡһꡣǱߵҲɴ࣬û׷ô򡣿óīδչһ£ܴ֪ʿɶֹͬʱҲԼĽ
ص˴ʯ֮󣬳īµ˵һ飬ͺӳʦһãȻ̫ǺҲӵƷͲһˣһ𾪡
ƷЦΪݡ⽪ңһѵѡ񡣡
ʵҵǾãݣҡҲһѡ񡣡ӵ˵
ΪʲôڰѽҸˮôƷЩĿӵֵܣӦö°ɣ
ӵƷ϶˺ǰ𣿡
ţƷü
ӵ˵ȣҲʲôɲ˭ȥв۸һµġΣǰȻˣ룬һЩˣӦûġԣĽ˽ңҲһѡ񡣡
Ʒ룬ͷƺҲеأ뽪ңе㲻ص
ӵͷԣҪѡˡ
ī붼û룬ֱҡͷһڵʥˣ£ᴫȥһһ𡣵磬϶ôһǰѵˡҵĵеʵ̫ˡԽݵλߵĴڣԽ֪ѵԣûĻҵݣӦز˶ˡҲҪصҶȥˣҪôǺػǻʯء
ӵƷȫЩ
룬Ҳȷ˵ֲ׵أȫĵطҲֻڿҶءӵƷ綼ΪīԴںغͻʯݺᡣ
ҵݱ¶֮ôǷ񻹸Ҹڵĳŵīֵܣǲҳ֣ѾǷ⿪ˡ
ǸԤԣ̫ˡʲôʱֵܳݺ᳤գ˭ǣһ͸ˣƷ̾Ϣ
īЦЦ𼱣ţһ죬̫Զ
ͺӳʦջǴһߣһСߡؿȥҪ֮ǰ˳۶ˡµĴҲûκαԹܹ뵽ôãƽ£˵Ѿĸˡ
ΪòԵʣͺӳʦ̬ǳáϵġԼܻϣҸġܾ߳īԼʵǽͺӡ
ģұǸͺӣôңҲκ衣ֻСΪ֪ûпҡ
磬ǳ档ǸܶµŮöʵ飬һ䡣ߵġʲôôȫƷԳīӵˣҲ൱ءĻƿʵϣԺܶ飬Լ˼άֻ֪۽绹ʱգ϶ɳ
īܿػؿҶأ
Ȼ󣬾
ʲôʱʥˣʲôʱ˵뿪飡
ҲԼˣʥ֮󣬵һ£ȥһ
ȻѾ⵽شˣȴš
𣬵ñ


1451 

ҡ
һƬƻֺĹϽȺľ޴ɽ֮䡣򽪼ҵأҵˣӹס
طĵ֮Ũ̾Ϊֹ
صһȥޱȹϵķǰ˰٣Ѿͨ顣ÿʮ꣬һ«ÿһΣ«Ĺڽڲһ
Ϊ«Ȼʥ
ǽҵĵ̣
νֶξǽڲĴȡ֮д衣յʤߣõֻ«
ÿһֻ«̺ͨͬҲٵ֮
ڽڲٵı൱ߣļ֮⣬ٵ
ԣ½ŮħͷһԷҰصǰԵùޱȡ
үүˣ³һЦЦݣҪിжി棬Ǳ˼ˣһţЦݻǴӽ¶ġ
ѾͷǺܾûأǰ٣һͳϣȴʧЦ
ǰǰɣþûˡҶүүأһ˵ﻰı顣
ַһЦȻ˵ãҾ͵˵ˣиС«ȥɡ
˵ţһâһֻƳγεС«˽ǰ
С«ܱµСסȥʮ־Өɰһϲллүүүүˣ
Ѿͷ𡣡ٿĵЦ
ʱ򣬹У߳һߣһű˵֣̫Ѿͷˣʮһֻı㶼߸˰ɣȻʥ֮߿ɶĴʥҪ֪϶ֻᰵＵѾͷˡ
⻰ƺζһ㣬ûκ֡
һĵĴȡֻС«ȻϣɫڿУȥޱȾ
Ψٸֻ߲֪С«ٽ«ÿʮ꣬ٽĲһֻ«ֻһһС
Ǹȥҵ˵ƷˡıȴСٽʮղأȫ˽¡СѾͷϲͳ谮
«Ȼʥȴ޷ɳС«ȴȫϣɳΪʥ
ϢǴȥڲ϶䶯ۺ죬˼߿еļô򵥡
ʥԽֹϵļ˵ȻʲôʥͲһˡÿһʥҪڶܵУܷӳӦеôȫڽһСѾͷأ
ҲãҲã£ȫѡװ֪ӡȥ˵ơ
¹۶أ˵ȥֻ«ȫɴʥΪıһһ
Ѿͷϴν˴Ѷ˵㷢һ콾ôշûа߾һѰĳţ棬ʵ
ˣһ˵µġ¾죬һĵ˵ܾˣҲȫܾɣ˵һ֮˵һĿʱ䡣ܾãڷܣƺʲô֮˵˵ˣүүҷһ¡
󣬽¾ͽī֮Щ飬Ʒڵʥ˵飬ȫ˵һ顣
֮˵Ӳ򵥰־磬ҪɱʥˣҪѿɲһ㡣ʥ˵ĵѾȹ̣͡һնɱʥˣҪƥսҪѹʥ˵ĵа
߿ϣ˵ǰѵ١ѵǰѵ
ǰѵ겻ôԤԳˣ
ߺȻݸһЦ˲źá
ٳĬһ£ȻҲǡ
²֪ٸڴʲôգʵүүڣ˵ʲôѽ
ûʲôѾͷǸˣ㲻ҪٽӴˡã־롣һȻ˵
ΪʲôһȣҪ֪СҡģǰλߡΪλڣԽµݣô츳׿Ҳ뽪ҺءǽҵļҪҲҪͨҪûǸء
߲һϴڣ翣Į飬һͨͷ٣ڽǰ͸һͨͷûκ
ܳСѾͷЩ޷ġڽµκξֵ֧ġЩ뷨ɵĿЦҲ֧֣Ҹ߲졣
ԣûи˵㲻Ҫһߵ̫Ҫ־ֻ
ϴһ仰ҼǧɻҲ϶ֻܵͷʾӡɽ²һС󣬾ﳤģ
ߣκ˶סȻеģηû֡
£̫ýֲ͡Ầ㡣˵ţ߻Žգգۣһ統꣬ʱ䴳ڵһʱı顣
²ֲ֪ߵغĲŮзˮ𣬽콾£¡ǳǸʵ൱֮ֻٸǰŻ¶СŮ̬
ǰԶǸ߸ϵŮ
ðɣ˵һ꣬Զ㣬˵ǰѵҺһʲôڣˣĲҽӴֱڿ˵
ţҵѪվ̫˵
ǡ˲ɴ˫ۣȻ¶һĨ֮ɫߣڡ
ţԣ㶮ġ˵ţΣͻȻʧûгֹһ
һ𾪵վǣȴ˸ޱ貵Ĺâ
ѪԤԣ
ˣ
֪Ǹ˭ˣ
үүһ£ˣͷ˵ţʩһȻһ˲ʧڿС
Ѿͷôġ̾
ߵΣȻֳڹſڡ
֣˵Ѿͷ³𣿡ʵ
ǽҾԵĺ֮ءңϴţ˵ʲôᴫȥ
漰ǸԤԣͻһƬʡ֮ǰѾͷϵˣˡɾڸոգҿһۣȴһƬ硣Ҳûֹֻ«ôϣѾͷܹƽɡ̾Ϣ
˵ѾͷһʵѾעˡҫעҲֻ«ȴû뵽ȻԤԳϹϵ
òǺ٣ȻǵĻǾ鷳ˡ˵ţһЦҲ̫ˡӦеѪҺעˡ
ֹǰǺӲͻ𣿡
΢΢һ漴Ц㻹ŵǼأ
úһ«ܣҪĳӡٵе㲨ҲЦһ뵽ֻˣ֪ΪʲôҷǺˡе㿪ġ
Ҳǡһ˵


1452 ʳ

һƬϵĻʳǣ
ڡ
еĻӵܣȫסڻʳǵС
Ȼʸ뵽ʹ˻ӵܣ֮ˡ
ȻǼǰʮ콾ʹǰͬҲһַĵľη
ΪȨģ
˵Щ꣬һЩ⣬ϵûгŹʮԪǴμԪ٣һҲֹ澳ż֮⡣ĵڣȻʲô˶Ǻһµġ
˭ܿѾ˥ĺˡҲڿ֧Űˡ
㣬ڲˣҲ֪ǲʡûϲĩ
Ҳţгһգܳ忪ǵӴʥһԾ̤澳
УֻҪٳһ澳ϴڣôɼꡣ
ֻϧľһˡ
վڻʹ⣬ȺŸ׵ټ
ǻġ
һʱ֮ҪһΣռһЩϢ˵Ȼ󣬸ָһЩʲôٻص
ֻһΣʹպܲԾ
ǰʹջǺ͵ġķٴʵҲӰ첻
죬ʹܣ·𶼱һѹֵϢš
ѵΪֻ𣿡ΪӣȻô֪Ҳֻ֪ӣ˴ˡ
˶׷飬˭ֻӡɲȥҲûвһȻ
ڣ˭˺ѾҪˡҪǣӻˡ

ʹſڣͻȻһּ
ⲻеĻʹִ̫ڡĻʹһ׼ʥľ硣һЩߵĻȫŶʥ˾硣
Ҳǻӵܣֻĵһˣ
һһһӡ
һһԼǱȻ¶һ׼΢Цͷʹ
Ҳż¶һ΢Цڶ࣬ȷĻ֮һ٣棬ǸϲһЩġ
ȡ񡣹ؼ츳㹻ãʵ㹻ǿЩȻΪһЩ£ɣȴȻܸ߾ǰʮλáΪס
뵽ʹ֮󣬴һصľ޴ĽɫͨԽʹڲһĴǧ磡
İˣȻҲصķֱס
ϴּģǴʥҲҪô꣬ΨһһܴĴʥֻֻӡ
ͨһЩͷ󣬺ܿ˻ʹ֮ϣһꡣ
⣬ĵȥᣬʵϣѾˡѾʮԪһμԪ٣ɹȹԣĵȻڴʥУҲ൱ǿġ
ʡڵأ׿ͷ
񡣡ڣһ˫ڼϣʶΪЩͣ͡
ǣʣ֪ˣػȥ֮󣬱ӱŬ˵
飬˵ʵ
ͷ˵һЩ
󣬼յһЩ飬һһʹֻǸˡ
˵֮󣬵ĬãȻת˻⣺㣬жûȥùˣ
ʱһ漴ɫһ죺֪
֮ǰÿ궼ȥһĹùãѾмûȥ˰ɣ
о־޴ѹͷֱðû뵽ôأ˼ʥϢȴȻʲˡؼǣ֪ʵ˼
һֲɢùú͹øˣǰλʮүȥɱøģҲĸʡʻѹС弧̶ֹʥ
һ뵽Щֻĸо
ô㣿ڡ
֪ٴιڵء
㣬δ֮Уʵ
ӦΥȥȥùáӦжԸʡвˮ˳żĶͷ¡
ĻӣԼʵʱѹ˸󲻵ġ
㣬ûڡ
󾪣˲ʧ̧ͷԼĸʡ
ôҲԡ˵Ϊһ磬ΪԸѹԼüʮꣿΪԸԼĵܵܳʥ壬׼ĻҡûŻֵǽλ˭˭ռǴһѾע˵飡˵㣬һεĵ
һһĪĸоļӡȴһҿԡʵһΣ˵¡
ңԳΪޣΣȴҡѰ֮佻ĳνüгԲ׼Լĸʣôˣʲô
ֻӻˡͻȻЦһ¡
ͷߣоԼ˶ˡԼƽȻҲ²ʵ˼Ϊءʽ¶ֱе𾪡
ԴӹùñѹѾжû¶׺͵ˣ
˵ֻӣֵжң֪һġ£ֺֻ£ֱˡʽȴƺֻܻܿ
ˣȥɡǵʱ䣬ȥùãҲįУȥ̶壬˵ʱˡ˵ţտڲ
һͷˮĴӻʹг뿪ʹŷԼȻѾʪ͸ˣ
̫ˣһ𾳽ǿʿȻˮ͸
ҡͷЦȻת˲ָ
Ȼһʱ䣬˻չ֮ء
˵Ǳչأ˵Աոһ㡣嵱ʥˣǱһָֹġ֮󣬼̶Ҳû뿪סһ
һΣѾȥһˡ
壬壿ֱӳ˽Ҳû˸λӣ
󣬴һУ߳һٷꡣ
һסˣΪ֣ǰĻ壬Ȼ֪ʲôʱ򣬳ʥˣ
ңһµĴˣȥѾʥܾˡ˶סˡ
̶ǰļ΢΢һЦӽôʱ䵽
壬ʲôʱ򡭡ʥģʵ
ոա̶˵
ոգһŵı顣
ǰˣҾͳʥˡ̶˵
оԼӶҪˣһ͵Ŀż̶
̶˵㸸ʽİɣ
Ҵ壬˵ʱˣ˵壬ʲôʱˣ
̶񷣬˵˾䣺壬˵ʱ򡭡ˣ

ʱ򣬳վʳǰУң죬ݹĹϻʳǡ
ؼˣ
ɲǼ䣬ϣųͷ׵ĹâһɺĴϢ˳壬籡
Ȼ󣬾Ȼ֮ʳб˲Ϊһ壡
ʳǣΪ֮һ£
˳ʥˣ
һʱ䣬֪жǿĴڣȫͬʱ˵仰
žͼʳҲűһƬѤõĹâǵâֱӸʳеΪһ塣
һʥˣ


1453 
һֻİСʮĺӣһͲƵľ޴վУʳǧмźңʳǵķ򣬷һЦһʥ棬棡ȺŪĵ겻Ƿү֪үĺˣ
˵䣬һĿĹâֱӴ޾ңԶϮһΪֱʳǣ
ʳУ˲һ޴ƥĽâ

ӿһۣҡҡͷվˣ֮ôˣڹȥˣһѣ
˵ţǵâݺݳȥͬʱȵ˵С󣬸ү
飡
ǹâӸǧգֱӳ顣޾Ĺ꣬ںС
ľ޴ź߿һۣͷȻɢ
վ˼Ƭֹ̣һ䣺һʲô¶ţˡ
˵䣬׻ƴķȻӳһӡ
һƥȻγһеǳ֮£˲䱻ûҷ
Ƭ̼䣬ԽңԶ򣬳׻ƴ
ǿֲĵӡɺĳ֮£Ȼ飡
һ˲䣬׻ƴеߣȫ˲Ȼʵĸо
Щʿָоԡ
׼𾳽ʿڷӡƳɲǼ䣬ܵǹ֮Ĵ塣
һʱ䣬֪жˣ档
쿪ˣ
׻ƴ򱻷ӡ޾µ졭ڿˣ
׻ƴ˽磬Ǵصĵط棡
еһأ˲Ȼһֻ֣˳

Ц׻ƴǱߵķ˵˴ǰ˴ƾʲôһ
һ˲䣬ͬʱüŭ
ǿγޱɱ⣬գ˲ɱ
ӹһЦһȺ˻
˵ţǸǼֱ˹ȥûһ㻨ڣҲûκεԥ
¡¡
ƬУ˲䴫һ޴ĺ֪жٿǳһ˲䱻÷飬ǼҲȫʧӰ٣ֻʣɱ⣬꣬Ʈ
ɱ⣬ȻӵпµɱСײϣʥˣҲֱӱ򴩡
һƬ׵գΪһƬɱ֮ء
ЦţĴЩɱ⵱дȻʩʩȻģŸȥ
ǱӰ¶ȴһǰ
ʳУ¡¡лʥ
òлǸӣŵģӷ㣡
ӵ¡¡죬ʳϿա
ʹâ˸Ȼϣһ˿Цݣڲϵ
Ըȥѳӽʳǣɡ
£⡭᲻᣿Уһɵ
ȥɣֻӻˣѾû˼ʲôˡ˵壬ѹô꣬ѵ𣿻Ҳơ
֪ӦֻӷųУ˵
ֻӣֻзѡĴ߲ȥšǡȻǸҲȥӵдǻ۵ˣΣڼǷ˷һ˵ţ˵ȥɡ
ǣ
Լû뵽ʱʥˡ־޴ϲãڻ֮ͨĴ־޴ҸС
ţ㿪ʼȴٵĽ١
ʥ˽ٰ
ʵû뵽Լʱͻơ٣޾ģǣĵ̰
ɽ١Ⱥ˻Լ
ȻóޱǣͷУҪ۵ƣʼû취͡
ΪʳǺ嫵һֱڳͷյĽƣЩƸܾۺһ𡣽ƶûа취̸ۣʲôʥ˽٣
ʱһӰڳǰ
˳ֵ̫ͻأˣ̤ʥĳûиоκ쳣ǰ˵ʱҲֱסˡ
ʮ壿ǰߣĿɿڴ
Сӣ治ŶĹ򣬾ʥˣ߿ųжЩп
ʵϣոյλʱҲ𾪣û뵽ȻͻȻת̬ˡѵΪֻҪǵĻе̫ˡѪ嶯ˣҲףѡ񣬲˵Ǵģת䣬Ҳ˵һֲȡֻ˵еĿ
Щ꣬һֱԹۣǱÿÿ귢Ǽ£жһεĸоνѪȻȷ˵ʵѾϸȥˡ
ٽԸ˵ףҲҪȢŮӽ޷Ǿ֮ǰȢЩеĴ幫幫ǣ޵Ҳ޷ЩĹӡ˴ѵû콾ôѵĲܼ
˵ףΪǸԤԣ
ǲѹɽ
ߣһпȻЦʮ
ҡҡͷЦ˲°ƽֻһΥĵ飬ͱ˼סˡСӣİɣһΣǹž۵ģ
³ôзḻҲ벻Ľ
Щ飬һ˵壬Էģ塭һΣˡʮ忴ųЩ꣬ίˡ
˶ˣЩãȻŵĿߡ
ߵͷº͵ĵģ㿴ʥٶûС⡭Ҳǻһɡ
ʮû˵Ϊ㲹ԳͼЩ˵ʵ̫΢ˡʲô˼˵֡
ͷ֮ϣʼ޷۵ĽƣȻ̾һͷ漴ЩʵġԼ𣿡
ǵġʮٴεͷ
ʳУһǳƫƧȺɽУһСĴ
һδʩ죬ȴɫŮӣվڷſڣһƽͷĲ񷡣
ôĶʳǶˣκ˶޶ԡ
Щ飬𲢲⡣ֻٶȳһɨЩϴڵ־ûκϵĲ
˵һе飬޹ء
ܿ죬ϣ¶˲˼ɫճյĿԶһӰ
׼ȷ˵УֻʣһӰ
ģ
ͬճտǸȻŮӡ
֣˵Ȼûһ˿ζɣΣԼû֪֣˵ζʲô
磬ôԼ۾
۾һգգųŲɣǵģ˿̵ĳѾǸˡҪԼӣôôݣϣҲΨŮˣĸԸĹҵӣ߷ҲΨŮˣܻе飡
ʮԶԶں棬һпĿһĻȻüķӡˣ
˭ңһģȻ


1454 ʥ
һӰֳһ˳ǹʮǰһӢӣƤЦⲻЦĿʮ壺ʮŻүʲôʱôˣȻҲˣţôĵӣҰֻ׻ƴĹ쵽ʳ˰ɣ
ʮ忴ӣ΢΢һ漴˫ž¶һĨ֮ͬɫû˵
ȵôô϶
ʥһŭȣԶ𣬽ţһӰ˲
ʥǰ˵̧־һƣ
ž
һǶ⣬ǽһʵֱӰѼʥˡ
֣ʥһ˼Ŀǰ꣺ңȻңǲǷˣ
У¶ŨŨʧ֮ɫżʥΪӵܣ㾹Ȼûн񣬼ֱߣŭԼ׵ܵܣͬʱȴڴʥǲɵǸµԴùñͲԣȴ³ǲǽˮˣȥ׻ƴҲ磬Ҫɱǵıܡ֪֮Ѿ൱á⻹ΪǱȻ͵Ÿŭɣ
ʥŴͣһ˼ĿԼĸ磬ȫ׷ʲôΪʲôͻȻðɣʵ֪Щ͵͵СõġңҲ°л㱨˸ʡ
Ŀĺܵ˭ܿ˼ĸ󡭡ȰҪΪĵ֮λжģ˵㰵˽ĨԼĸ磬ġ
ϧʥ̫ʢˣܾԼøãøûԼ㡣
һֱڣǲԸһЩġ
˵ʮŻүǷ˵ּŴֻġ
ƾʲôѽ
һ׻ƴõطµˣôʸʳǣ˭Ȩ
ʱǱ߳Ѿӵһ
˼ˣûȺһ׵׵ǡ
ʮվ￴֣жԼʥֻеĻ첻Ȼûκκøеġ
ʱ˵ϽʮŻүǸУѾͬ˹ùú͹ø֮飬ԺٸҶԹøԲѷĸ
ʥӢʱǺ죬Ȼתߣ
ҸǸ붼룡ҼʥĻӣʲôճǸ˶ҲԶϣҪҶһҵк̬ȡȥɣ
гīֻСҰ֪㵽ȥˣһҪǸҽʳǣһ㳢ζ
ʥһգ۵ĹûӰˡ
һǸĿߣʮŻүԲ𣬵ܵܲ¡˰ķӡȫ
ʮŻ弧ͷȻˣ飬ͽʹˡȻȥˡ
˵ţתȻˡ
̾һҡҡͷȻ˳зӡ
䣡
䣬һɺ嫵Ϣ
ϢУ˸߲ʻ⡣
ʣǡ߲ʣ
ո뿪ʮŻ弧磬͵վסһ˼Ļͷš
ҲˣɵɵĿվǶСǰǸŮӡ
ʥ
ʮķӡһ⣬Ȼһʥ
Ȼ˵λСž޵콾Ψۿ񼣵һĻŻףж£
ķӡģԵġķӡ
ԵĳֲŻε˵ԼЩܿˡΪѹڻеģһĶ콾
һΣУٴγֲֿϢңЩѹƲסƵγˡ
УųޱĹâӣȻڱӡô֮һٳʥ
ȻһЦ磬кö໰Ҫ˵ң
ҵ㣬ҵ㣡һĺӣȦ̲סˡ᲻ѡֺγкö໰Ҫ˵
ߵĶ׾塣
ѾûйʢˣһʥȻֳһµĴʥ
û߶ԶʮŻ弧ֱӻˡ
뿪ļʥҲˡĿɿڴĿһĻ˵Ӷ첻ˡ˵Ƿӡ˺ܶôôôǿ󣿴ʥҪһʥˣ
弧̶Ҳˣոճʥļ̶дž޴ľϲǵӰ૵㡭
סˣ
ŴӣŴĻǰƺƵϸ
ԶԶģͿǷãǸΪܳС죬Ҫ޷赲٣
𡭡һû֪˶ٸӵ档ϡֱȡһӡķ򣺡ţ
˵
ֻӳܶ˶ܶٲµһ㷢ʲôӵ̬ϵת䣬Ҳܹܵһɰڻ
ɼϾֳǰλѹġȻת̬ȣôת˳ףУѹһӣȻһӵʱ䣬𾳽磬ֱӳ嵽˴ʥôģ
˵һǰλʹûѹԼõ˼һУǵµһ޴֣
ʥǷӡ˲䣬ɫˡףЩЩٶжô޴ˡҲף缧һ䶼ûƭ飬ȫģ
īĻӦܹһϳⷽӡ֮ǰɵΣʱֵǷӡһģһ
Ϣȫһ£
죬һԶԶλûоܾ֣ӹǷӡ

壬Ϊһ
˭ϣϾ͵ӵȫȨ
֮ȨĶӸԼá
һĻҲͬУζӳ¡ǸøмӦüԹޣ棬ҲЩûˡ
¡
һƥľ޴ףʳǵȻ٣
𱾾ѪͳĻѪԦⷽӡȫûκ⡣ӡǵʥףȻӡ档ɢӡ
·Ļӵܣ̲סһ춯صĻ֮
иͬѪ콾ڶɴʥ٣
ζٹ嵱УҪһȫµĴʥʿ
УǿҵԸӵĵز϶̲ס¶һ˿Цݡ
䣡
󣬽ϵĴʥ׿ʼ٣ϤⷽѹŻ˵ӡסһҲûϡ
ۿپҪȹ˵ϣɵ¶ϲЦݡ
ɾʱͻ


1455 ķ
ɱֱͬķֱնǵĿ꣬Ȼڶɽٵļ
ֱǷˣ
ҳָԤʥ٣ɳܾҲҪ½Ĵʥɱ
˭
ô޳ܣ
˭
ôԵ
³ǼһֱҲϴ֮⣬ϣҲûܳеֲֿˡҲֻЩԤԵϴڣŻ᲻еԻ˳֡
ǰֵЩȫϴڡӼӸʵˡ
һγֵģȴֻϴڲʩչɱ
ɱʥٶ赲
壬£ˡһ̣ˣҲȫ׼ŭˣֱǶӣҲֻȫûŻ־ٶ
ϳͳīӣԹùüҲĶԹļʥһ̣̲סͷ𣬷һŭ𣺡
ŭˣһȣ𶯣
Ϊۼʮʥʿȫŭ棬ѾʼֶԿˣ
һ֣ͬҲᱻ뵽ⳡУ
ˣ
һ쳹ա
ţʱ㱻סˡе١Ҳסˣ
һʥףոһ룬ͱ̶
ͬʱӲסģϴڵɱ
ЩϴȫѾڹӲд״̬ǵɱȻԻأȻӵĿܣ
񣬾ȻܱӲ
ֶΡҲͨˣ
壬ҲΨһˣһ㡣
ϵ
Ψе澳ϵֶΣ
ʶҲ𶯣һͳ
Ȼסʱ䣬УҲ̲סˮ䡣
ϵ
Ȼϵ
еĻӵܣһ̣ȫҪĸо
ϵڳˣ
澳֮󣬾Ҳûгֹϵڳˡ
ֱѹ£ȻǿƳĸоһ˵Ҹ
㵱Ϊ˾ĺӣѾһ֣˺أٳˡҲûһڣϵ˵ҪֵľٶȻ̧ͷͷ񷣬˵һΣ岻ˣ
ϵ˵ţֱӳ֡һ˵ӡȻ𣬱⡣ǹâһɢдʥٽơţֽޱߵɱ
ƬĴ棬ֻʣⷽӡâ
棬ǱȺ͵Ϯ٣ȴȻ֪ڸġһ翵ԤԣʲôȺϴڣ׻һû겻ϳֵٵĹ
ϵ¡¡աһ֮ױԦǷӡĥɱ⡣
飡
Զһ޴Ĵ½ȻըһϵӰڿѪһ˫У⣬ֱܻ
췢һ
ʱһֻӣһͻȻƬաһĻЦЦүˣǱڲúү۸۸㣡
˵ţŴϵӰͷһҹȥ
ϵӰϢ
䣡
棬˳Ƭըǿ½Ҳ˲䳹ˣ
һ
Զͬһ죬һž޴ƥǳҲ˲䱬顣һ˲䣬ǹ˲ʹݻ˷塣
һϵӰŴǹâгͷɢһǱ
һֻһͷţ
ֻţĳЦ϶ǵõʥèʥ𣿡
ֻ˵ԣɱ
¡¡
Ƭգս˲䱬

һƬƯеľ޴⺣ףԶ
һ޴ĺ㣬ôӺи߸Ծ
ΪƬĺˮǷһ㣬޾ҵķγһɿϯĿֲ籩
һֻ񣬺һѩ׵
Ц˵ĹȻ׼ϲҪĿ϶ٴγ֣ǱߣҲ϶͡㣬㻹ǵõ걻ɱֻèӽֵܱģ
ѩ׵ϴʲô˲ҿǾǰԼ̫꣬ҲˣҲѪҲ
Цһֱ˰Ҫ˵ģͨˡͷǰһԤԣеĶ飿˵ͷյĲߣϷ񣿾ƾЩ޵ͷһ飿ȥɣ
ȥ޴ĺ㣬һ춯صֱӳˣʱڹ죡
ͬʱѩҲ׷׳֡
ǾȻһսȴֲ˼£
ٻصʳߡ
ϵԦǷӡڽɱĥϣҲ¶ƣ̬һ˫Уȴ˸ޱĹâ
ˣϵ˵֮һʧԭء
ǷӡҲص˵Сۺᣬˣɱ
һ˲䣬Ĵӻʳ˷ֱɱȥ
屻ѹô꣬Ҳڵ˷һ̡
ϣƾȥ
ճɴʥص棬ųֱۣ磬ȥһְɡ
һԥ˵ͷȻлкܶãȻͲ⣬ȴѾ˺ܶ顣壬֮ôʵΡû壬ȻҪɻӵܵҸҪΣģѹʮꣿ
ʥվУһĴ͡Ȼ췢һУѾĽͳˣˡ׵׷ʲô
˭ܸоˣ
桭ܻܿӽ쿪ʼٴνսҵ¡
Ⱥӵܣȫ޾塣
ųһ򵱴ĵϵһ仰СǰλѹǡɢǶĵȴϢг־˳ī˵ȴδκ
ֻһ¾͹ˣȻԹһ̣ҲֱӾɢˡ
ﻹԹ
ȴͼʾлĻᣬ΢΢һЦСã÷򣬱ǸܿˡԭһΣӦøǲһʢĻ񡣵¶ʱڣֵѡ
֡ۺᡣ
ʲôҪ˵һѪһˣҪ˵Ĺ⡣˵ţһǱͬɵļʥû˵ʲôֻǳżͳͷպǾǻһԱлӵһӵܣѹ˵ͷҲһĳƺţζκػǶ𣿡
ʥһɫҰܣȴһĨײĲⶫеģͿûбѰˡ
ͬʱͷ
ǿԸһеΣͬػʵ
Ը⣡ͬ


1456 Ӽҵ
ľ䣬ڻӰ쵽е
ʱ䣬еʿǶһ޴⣬ϵЩ֣һһȫʧˡȡ֮ģ֮ǰذǰеЩʿ
˵ҵֵܵһЩˣȫ
ӵʥǡŴЦ贡ŷơֺڡ¡еǰʮʿǵȫʧ档ңЩռܶˣûڵһʱս
Ϊʲôأ
ȥȻҲйȴûôйֱõһ뿪
ǰЩ뿪ʿ϶ڹ֮ĵһʱս
ΣȴһսĶûС
ߣһֿܣȺ뿪ľ콾ǣһûл
ʲô
һʼܷѽ⣬ܿ죬Ǳ߷ĸ飬дˡ
˵ϣȫд֮ɫ
벻壬Ȼеλϴڶϣ
Ƿ
ʸ뵽еʿ֪ʲô׻ľǿ֧ţӲдָͳױĹױ
£־ٶȻʼ˰˷ս
Ҫѻǵ̣һԸô
˭ôģ
ܿ죬𰸾ˡ
ֻӣ
ֻʥĺӣΨһһԴʥֵߡҲ˵ĿУᵽʥԭ֣ǻһ뵽ֻӣҲΨһһڴʥ磬ȴܸ澳ϴɾ޴в顣
ԣǸʸ棬Ϊ֮
ԣʸᣬ˿ġһս
һڻ˵ս
ʤֿԳصһߵĲΡֿԼԻͺܶꣻܣôһΣڽӡҪӲдȥһ
ԣⳡ¹δսһʼѾû˻ͷ·
ȫϢ𺳵˵ΪֻӳˣôҲ̫˸еˡ
Ϣɢ
Сãѹ˶ꡣȴǰ⡣˵ڱӡĵ죬ͳ˴ʥ
弧ɷ򣬴׻ƴиڻ̤ʥ˾
ɷ򣿴׻ƴڶҰɣ׻ƴ򲻶Ǳӡ𣿡û˱ʾɡ
ܿ죬ȷϢʹˡ
Ǹ˽гȷǼɷҲȷǴ׻ƴ߳ľ콾ڻʥˣһһ𣬵˻塣˵ǵĶӣһϵԤйأΪӳɵʱϴڳ֣ҪɱĶӡְæģ嵱ʹõӡϴһȴشô֪ģ£ڻڲѾܡңô׵ķ¶ԻԹޣ˻壬ҲΪԭ򣡡
иϢͬҲпˮ̡ŻľٶܿͿʼվˡ
ӼҵĴʥӳǰӡκγ·˵ӼҵϡӼҲ鲻һһָ˵
ϢīһãȻеǳ⡣ȴ²⡣
Ȼպ󣬹λʥӳΪʲôʱ򹫿ָϢʹ˳
幫ӼҵӳйԼӳϿ˵һλž޵콾žγ֮šռһλúܶꡣϣȼҪܶܶࡣ˵߿صУ䡣Ż£ڼǴûбϿɹġԣŮʱȻߣ׻ƴ򡣵ȵץʱ˵Ӷˡ£һĻܡֻм֪׮ԼȻҲͲ֮ˡӳȢˣ׮ԼҲ׵ĳµĳ֮СˣڶʥӳϵĶӣ
Ϣ϶ڲ˴ġҪôڲҪôӼڲΪˣͲ֪Ӽ֮䣬Ȼһ׮Լ˵ĸоƺǴӼĿԸһ㡣
ΪϢһʥӳϹָ壬Ҳɡȡ֡
󣬾һϢֱӾһӵܵĿдӼҴʥӳϵӦ
ӵܣҲóīе⡣ΪмʥǸ׿СҰ֡Сֵı硣
ӳϴʥҹùתһ仰Ҫ˲֪ǼĪΪԼʲô飬ûдû֪Ϊ֮
Ϣ֮ӼǱߺܿӦӦȻǴʥӳϡ
ʲô飬ҲѵûôһС˵˵ֻ֪лԼŮˣظ˽ӻ飬֣ҺӼĨڡֵǣһֱ죬ǶûеǸĻԣûʲô˵ģ㿴ϵ˽гǰɣǸˣͳһս˵۸ˣһὫѹƵʥ˾һս֮󣬶Թҷ񣿡
ҽгҾ˵ǸˡӳЩ£дӰʯΪ֤սҽˣҪʲôʱʲôط
̫ˣͰ᲻е̫ðգƷһ𾪵Ŀųī
ЩīҲһֱڸжȹġһϢ𺳲ѡ
үȻ˾壬ǺðհϾүӸո̤ʥǸӳϡȴѾ̤ʥꡣȻѹƾ絽ʥӵԥţûн˵˭Ҫ˵ʲô
ī΢΢ҡҡͷ˵ҵֹЩϴڽĿŵһͬҲֹЩ顣Ҷĵģ
˵Ҳǣ£ӵ̾Ϣ
Ʒ˵ԣǲҪӿٶȣǿ
Щī飬ҲʼǴڵеģΪһЩϢʮָӡ
˵ʥ
īʥתô£ڣļǵãʥʱ־Ӹµ̬ȣǳ
ϼʥȻīûжɱģҪ˵øУҲǰ޵ġ
Σ巢䣬ӼҵĹָƣվˣȴǼʥ
ȥǱߣӦǷ˲󲻵顣ԣ㣬ӦòʲôвˡҾĴǸΣˡӵī˵ⷬʱܿͺӳʦ㣡
Ϊīݣʵ̫ˣһŻѪݵô򵥡ԤǸˣ
չֳǿӲһ棬Գī˵ȴһޱΣյ飡


1457 ݱ¶
һݱ¶˭֪˳ֶǿĴڣɱī
Ʒ£ҲŸӵһĿųī˵˵öԣǱ߶ûвҲʱ򹫿ݡ
īͷİɣҶ
˵䣬īУһĨ֮ɫЩ죬һֱڳŸߵľš
𣬵׼ʥмľʵܴ󡣳īһʿһž޴ĲΪУһ̨ǧ̨ڣʷϣ˵һ޶ҲǷëǵġ
ԣȻīĵѾ㹻׼ʥʥ˾ˣۣȴһޱĹ̡īĿҪԶκһͬʿ
ЩϢ׷״˳ƽ
ͺӳʦֹȥûнӴЩˣֳһĪĽꡣЩϢУûֱӹϵ
ȻԳƽ
޹ءΪ˭֪һΣ棬޴Ķ
ֶһ̶ˮУҽһʯ˻Բ̶ˮÿһ䡣ˮе飬û˭ܹ⣬Ȼܵ
οͺҲǶ֪һ㣬¸йصġ
õģ԰ȫû֪ǷųȥġƷ簲ο㣺ֻҪú飬ʲôùܡ
ͷӦ
ͺԼĶλ֮Ҳͽܻ죬֮ܳһĿҶصУĻš˵Ѿһˡ
ԣ֮ͨҲͲٵʲôÿ컻ŷĸЩŸʳ
־磬ʳ󣬶ѾǿпޡЩʳﲻζҿԴмȡôû˻ܾ
˵УΨгīⳡĹϵȥҪͺӸӵȡΪīǳжܲ͵ġԼ׸ʥӳ֮ǳԾӰġ
ÿΪЩԽ糹׵ľǱ
飬ˡ粻ֹ
īӵƷ֮䷢ǳսڱع
Ͼ˵ͷǳ
īֺȻ̣ȴ˿ֵС
Ǹѩ֮һսǡֺڡĳ֮սһһĲСʿһ̤񡣴Ӷ
īӵƷ˽ݵϢҲһΧ˵ע⡣ͻȻıЩ˶ԳīӵƷ˵ĹעȻ١
һЩ˵Ŀ֮£Ϣˡ
ڲ¾֮ˣ콾Ʒ磡
ʥ˾汻һǿһɱ
˵ǸǿǸƷһˡ
зǳɿϢڵĽֵһھŵֺڣõĴң
ֺɱʥ˾õǰѵĳµ˵һѪɫ
һڲҰƷ֮ĶԹҲԲֻ̫ۣ˵һ䣬¾Լ£ˡǲҽġҪ˵һ˵ǰѪɫĵ֪֮ǰھŵֺڣһԵʿĵ˵ǿע⡣ǿʿҪ𾳽ԽնɱһʥˣҲǲʵֵġһࡣôֻܳǰѵ档˵УһԺյĵܹԦǰѵˣûһõ³ԣǰѵ̸֮ɫ䡣ǰѵ֣߱졣
ϢīǶʱֵ˶֪īع⣬ѾңԶˡ
Ϊ֪߱쵱׻ƴˣУкܶŵġЩ𣬾кܶ໹ͣ۷ľ磬ͬҲкܶ࣬Ѿ̤ʥ˾硣УŲ͵ĵλ
Щˣȫڵһʱ䣬֪﷢ĸġЩˣҲȫϣһȺˡжһˮ׼֮ϡ˵īôеݡ
ԣ߱Ϣ֮û졣վǿƵս
վˣʥ
״ʥӳϸ֮ĶԹԹûйȥǳսҲûпءʥڵֺ֪ڡǳī֮ȥȷϣֱȲķս
ֺڣһһıӦýгīǰɣͷ¶βĶͼ㸸ĸɣ㲻ҳϣͺúõͷڹ꣬غãҪҷټһˣǾ͹һսսĵص㣬ѡ񣡡
ʥսƷӵʵѾ֪ˡ˶ûī˵
ϢҪƷӵ˸Ե׷ǴݹġĸīûֱӹϵϢûκ£˶ѡ
ΪֺھǳīˡīȻһǸʥˣҲףûǿ޽ĵز
ʥȻѾֺ֪նɱʥˣҷսһ׼ġ˵Ӽҵʥʥأ
ԣΣҲóīȥʥⳡս
һΣϢסġ
Ϊī󣬾Ⱥӵ˼˵ʾ


1458 Լս
һҶࡣ
ôʯϢ˳īȻҲȷǲǳīȴģһǵĻΣաԣڴѶУȰīǧҪȥʥϡ
ʦ˵ʥ϶ɱġΪɱʥ˵ʵʦ˵ʥǸ˺ա
ҶոհϢǱ߽µʹݹˡ
ԭǳīֲá
ī
㲻˵ˡºܸɴ࣬û˵һЩϻѾҽҲǳӵƷ֮⣬ȷֺڼǳīָ֮һȻţҪīһΡӼһֱͲϲԭܼ򵥣ӼѩһҪӼǱߵѡʥ
ӺŮϲһŮӣͬ˵Ŀ⡣
ȻһŮӣľ콾
ڴʯУԳī˵㲻÷ϣ֪ǳīҪǣǧҪӦʥսԻ㣡
ãǳīĻһܾ𣿡īʵ
Ǳ߳Ĭһ£˵Ǻãŵù𣿡
ī΢΢һ漴Ĭһ¡
Ǳ˵ŵùңôⳡսĵط㰲ţ㿴Σ
һɡīݹȥ
ǱٴγĬһ£Ȼ˵˵ӵƷһΪֵܣ𣿡
ʲôīǳ鴤һ£ϵıʱḻҪΪҵֵܣ㣿
ôŮ˾Ͳֵ𣿡ֱӻˣ˵㿴Ůˣ
ûûУûǸ˼īǳ鴤ЩԶӵƷ綼ͶɻĿ⡣
īҡҡ֣ʾû¶
Ǹ˼īҿʵģҸ㣬⻰ҴûԱ˵ǵһЩջݹ
īЦŻӦɣе˷˼㡣
ллǱ߻һ䣬Ȼ˵ͷҰ꣬ϵ㡣ֻܱ֤һƽĻ֮սȫԼˡ
īͷ͹ˣлл
󣬹صʯ
ʱ򣬴ʯϵٴδ贵ġ
߹Ůӣһĸɴࡣ
ӦýֺڻӦýī
㡣
ŶǾͳīɣñȥӦʥսǸ˺աһ㡣
ұսң¸ո˵ҪҰսĵطīӦ
Ǳ߳ĬһȻ˵ãʱҵص㣬ȥսһ£˵ȻҲǺϲ£š
˵꣬ͽʯصˡ
īӵƷ磬ȻһԶͺӣЦЦʥսһҪӦսġҪ˵ʲôֵīҡҡͷ֪ӦսɡףЩȫָһԭ򣬾һǿ㹻ǿֺηκεսأ
ӵƷ綼Ĭ֪ī˵ʵīֻǿƥֺηκս
ոս¸˵սĵطšīû˵°ǸɣΪãǽµĸ˽ȥ
£ȷӼҲӵ˵ţȻбâһţ˵һֱԼһҪ飬ӼҡӼҵϣһλϴڣǸڡ
ӵ˵סڲȻ˵̫ϴڵĻ⣬ҲͬЩڵľ˵⣬Ѿ㹻ˡ
īУҲͬĹâ
Ӽҡ
ӳϡ
ʥ
ҪӶԸӵ˫ɱһʵǣһˣ˫ɱǸӣ
պ󣬳īĴʯ˽µī˴ʯ֮ǱߴѾӦʥº򣬽س⣬һС̨ʱ򣬽棬򡣱֤û˸ҳûšʱ壬ͬ˹սĸĸӦҲᵽҲܻսʥһս֮󣬴ʥӳϡ㸸ǿ鳡սʱ˭˭𣬾ͿԼıˡīһսѾغϺˣȻδԸϺϿɣʵˡԣʱ䣬ӦûˣͨҵĴʯ硣
Ĭһ£½˵ң֮ĹϵӦܶ˵һ㡣ԣܴķ棬ҶվߵġЩһֱһ̬ȡԣ̫̫ƫ̻ĳһ
£ллˡϵʱ˰ɣͨµʱ䣬پһ¡ī˵
Ǳ˵µʱ䣬ʲôȰ㻹ǲҪܾİǲڰ㣬ͬҲڰԼ
ҲˡīܾȻѾ˺ܶ飬ǵܵشΪ۾ȻġȻԼļ֡ңҲܸԼİϣл¯в߱졣Ǳߣѵܰѵӡɣ
ðɣһתȥɣףˡ¹ص˴ʯ
ī¸ӵƷ˵һ֮ӵҲ˵Ҿã㲻Ӧ̫ھܾ⡣
ƷҲͷĹϵҲǸ᲻ϵġ
īЦЦҲܾǵ⣬£Լԡ
ӵƷȫЩĿųīΪֵܣȻسīûٶ˵ʲô
īУԼĿΪΪİޣΪĸĸѾõϿɣ˻塣õϿɣζŵõĳϡĸȻ̤ʥǻĹڻеĵ̣Ҳһܹġ׾Ͳһˡ׻ƴĳ壬¶̫ϿɡԣӳϵһսҲӦսңҪʤУ
˵ī뵽ʱһİأҲţȻ˫ȴı֮ˡ׻ƴô꣬һϾƹ׼ƭˡôһç
ԣǸӣӼҸһսīǺĵġ
Щ죬īʼ˰ӵƷʱ䣬̫ҲȥīĻԡ
ʵīֺγ֪ȻҪһ£⼸ʱ䣬һ׼ʥľ硣
ʮ֮ҪˣΪĻͻⳡսˡ
Щī£ȥЩ׷ŵĴԡʵϣ常ӵӼҸ֮ⳡսѾ״ˡ
ĴĴѾʼ˺ҵսһѹ̬ɵƽ˺ܶȶĿꡣûеһʱȥЩϴڵļ塣ǵƽģЩЩԻΥҲһЩϴڼźϵ
ĿǰĴӦʱЩϼĺϣԣ򣬻ߴ򣬶Ŀŵ˻Ӽҵⳡսϡ


1459 Ĩɱ
Ȼߣս˲ռǳīӣ˿Ǵŵģ塣
ĸۣߣôáȻûһߵƣҲ̫ࡣ׽ߵˣųĬΪԼҲôóͳīˡ
Ǻǣ˭ޡ׻ƴľ콾׻ƴʿǸû˵ţҹªŰɡ
½ʥˣ֪֪ʳʥô浱˶ɵˣǺǣΪʲôҴͲԸһ׳չඥӲൽʥˡ
ӼҸӣǲľ콾ðɣʥӳϣռһ뿪˭λãʥҲһ콾ڶԸ⶯ġȻƾǸεӵҲΪһ
ī˭ŶŶھŵֺѽͷ¶βֵ֮һᡣû˵ˣ
ЩۣƷӵҲֻǵһЦȥᡣϴȱˣǧǧ죬˵ʲôĶС̫⣬н綼Ҫ̤롣
īһˣ뿪˿ҶأǰڶС
ӵֱ˼ͨδͣ˲ʱ䣬ǰڴ
ʱѾۼ˴ʿ
ⳡսֱĿеЩʿ˵ֱûκɴ
ԣˣȫӿ
īӵƷ㣬ԼСߵͺӳʦʱ򣬱ϳӵƷ磬˲˵Ŀ⡣
Ȼ󣬾ۼˣȫһӾ˷˲䣬Ŀ⼯еīϣ
ܸƷӵһˣ˳ī˭
ǳīᣡһŮȺУЩɬĿòӢĳī
ǸӦսʥֺڣŶǳīǰɣһͷ¶βļһѡеʵͲ֪ߵغ񡣡
˼ҿնɱʥ˵ǿߣ
ô֪Ǹʥɱģ˵ô֪ûʹıƣ
һӵӢ
ƷҲ䰡
ǸСߵ˾Ǵ˵Ǹĳʦô
ȺУ۵
ʱ򣬺ȻһƷ磬ʦ棬ҳֵطҲ
쳹գ¡¡֮𺳵Ƭ񷶼һţһ׳˶Ӱ󲽳Ʒǰվ
һȥʮ߰꣬Ľ׳ŨüۣдűɱбƷ磬һָһսҪɱʦ汳ŵĶ
֣ʦ֣Ǻ⣿Ʒ΢΢üɫЩѿȴδŭ
Ϊ֣ۣҲŶ״ӣһʵǰѾ̤۷徳硣ֻ͵ϲ˰ˣûƷ˵սһֱڲ֮䡣
Ʒ磬װͿҪˣһϣһüͷұ㲻ڵĵӣ֣˵
ȺУ˴ãڵĵӣŵվģ
翣Բ׽׼λá˵֮ƺ˶ɵҲûϹ˭֪ڵģǷǹģѭӦˬ֣վⱨӦģ
ӵĹâҪҵˡ
ǳٴδôû±˵ǺЦ֮ͥ£ѵҪɱڲɣ
ֱ˵˵ͺӳʦŭˣʲôڷʲôֱǵߵڰ׻Ƿǡ˵ñԪ˵𣿡
ҲڳĬˣ˵ⱾǼҳ𣬱ϣôһСն֮컯֮£͸Һ˵˵ǲǶ֪˵ΪҾǵµܺߣУҸҵĵСڡԪһģ˵аԣҵб١ųꡢԪɢСˣɸң
˷ѻȸȫһľŮ
㣡Ʒ翴һ㣬˵Щ顣
һûȥƷ磬ֱӽʼĩǰ˵һ顣Ŀ֣ۣ˵Ǳʦʦ棬˵Щ飬㶼֪𣿻˵ʲô鶼֪ȴװ֪һŨü۵Ȼָǣ֣ʦ֣һʦ֣ҪҲ磬˵ǣ㲻Ҫߵڰף
һȫѻȸĽǰ󣬹ĺܡûƷΪһŭɱӵ»¡
֣ĵҲЩǷǷǣֻ֪Ʒ米ʦţѾڣͨҪˮͬԴôˣͱһŮΪͷһս
Уǵ翵ٴδǾǣûֵĶ֪Ů˳ͷֱ˲ݡ
ʱһֱĬŵĳīͻȻһֻֻ֣֣˲䱩ǣȻȺһطֱץ˹ȥȻޱȾ׼ֱץһӰУ˲Ϣ佫ץԼǰ
һֻ֣ݺһƳ˹ȥ
ž
һĶ⴫˵ĶʱЩƺŸո
īĶʵ̫ˣ
쵽һȺˣûмĶ
ܶ˶鲻Խķһ󾪺Щ˼ĿһĻ
īеģһòӢˣ˿һ߸һ˫д޾ľ֮ɫŭľУ㣬ץʲô
֮ǰкܴȫһˡˣڳ˶һɵĿųīа룺᲻Ǹˣ
īû˵ʲôֱһ󣬱㽫˵һֱϡһǿĵУѹƵ˵ĵȫֲκˣֻųīһֱ۵Ĺ÷飬Ĳҽ
ʱҲϳ˵ݣ̲סⲻô
ûӼҵƣʥõܣֲá
ԭѽǾͲˡ
ܶ˶һȻϳ˵֮󣬶ڰľٶҲͲˡ
ӼҵĸӣҪҸӾһս˼ۺ죬ʵ
Щԭʶ˵ʿҲ׹ܶ˶̲סҡͷ˵ǲǣʵô࣬ȻҲҲ֪ƣ
ȴ֪ԼҲڵĳӶˣΪһԱܿīЩ˵Ĳңڰīҵ鷳ȴû뵽īȻô£ȻӲ˳
㡭㲻ɱңҵĸʥӼӵܣƱȱ˸׸ܵīϵɱ̲ס
īԭҲûŹְ֪࣬ӼҵģŹƾֵĿУһֱӽĨɱ
ʱһƬţ


1460 
ݰ
Ӽҵӵܣ˵ɱɱ˵Ӽ֮ĶԹѾһվûг˺ƤīȴһףֱӻɱֶΣ湻ݡ
ǼģҲҪֶ˭ܶ˶ипܹͻȻɱģȻûһǵġ
ƵʬԱһӣīǱɫޱѿ֣ۣЦοƸ֣֮й᣿ôǸ˵ȻһȻ溳ǿҲǱ޳Ī
磬ҪͿǸʱ䡣ī˵
Ʒ翴һ֣ۣ̾˿˵֣ʦ֣ҲһΣʦ֡
㲻䣡ֱ֣ӳԺǳ⡣
ðɣǾսɡƷĿҲת䣬ȡǰѵ֮ƴذףת˼Ȧһ֣ۣɣ
֣һϵϢױһѪֱӳƷ߹
ƷûӲΪͬʦֵܣʵЩûдÿȻƷʤһʤҲɡƷѾ̤׼ʥ磬Ҫȹȥ֪ǿ˶١
ԣһ֣֣۾Ѿоǿѹˡ
Ʒеĵֻ֮һ㽫һƬոˢˢĻȻһĵն֣ۡ
ܶȫܣΪƷһʵ̫ˡֻһϢҲǾúܡ
֣иеû뵽һʱûƷľ羹Ȼ̶ֳȡδңֱӼһһСӣֻаƴСӼ֮󣬷ޱȶ鲻ԽС
ΪʿȻ䱩һãӼҵɥӣ
ӼҵʥʿϺȣΧˡ
ǲʥһƷ۽Ƚϸߵʿࡣ
ΣСӼңѾӹˡһЩ֪ʿʱףΪʲôոǸƻڰгԳīˡԭѾڵ˹ᡣ
Ȼﶯȴ޾ɱֱγһޱȵɱ⣬Ʒ͵ľն˹ȥ
Ʒ̧־һͬʱУͬɳһһ
һСӣ˲䣬ȴ貶ĿĹԣֱӴǵɱ⡣
ʱ䣬һֱ̣ӱŤˣ

С棬˲䱬һͬװȻֱӽʱ飬Ȼγһ籩˲Ʒ
ͬʱ֣۱ֲǲ֪ǼϣȻΪƾսʤң棡
ţǸСӡȻǷƷӼҵʥɥӣ˾
벻ӼҵӵܣȻʥ֣ۣ
ƷУĹâһ˭û뵽Ķֱӭɥγɵǵ籩
¡¡
Ʒ壬˲䱻ǵ籩˲ķˡ
ڳŮʿ̲סһŵɫˡ
ɱ𣿡
ԣǲΪʿߡ
Ȼ֣۵¶һĨʤЦݵһ˲䣬ƷΣֱӳ֣۵ǰ̧֣֣۵ͷ­˹ȥ
֣˶סˣһĨʤЦֱӽϣ¶˼ĺȻɫ
Ʒһȥ˲䣬̾Ϣһһơ֣۵Ҽ档
꣡
һĹ˲֣۵һֻɵɳȻ׷ɳȥ
ڰоʹڿѪұۣ׷ϵ
ƷɫҲЩ԰ף˿ȥáͷһ۳īӵ㼸ˣ߰ɡ
īͷһֱӽǰڡ
ʼգƷûٻͷ֣һۡûɱͬʦ֣Ѿ御ӽ󣬸߸·ڽǡ
һЩˣƷǾŹġһ죬ɱȥɱʦһͬŵЩˣնɱ
ЩһߣʿȫŽڷӵ
ÿ˵ϣ˷֮ɫΪǽͿԼ֤һĴսˣ
û֣ۣǸӼҵʥɥӣһֱգûȥ⡣ʥȻܶۺ죬ӼҲôǵӼҵĶ밲Ȼǲܵġ
֣һ͵վǣϵʹľˣû˸о
棬ֻʣƷһĻ档
һƣԭҪҵͷ­ġ𾳽ʿҲ϶סһ֣˵ţʵ֮ǰɵ׷ʲôȴעҪվƷĶ档̸ʲôԹ˻໥ͣڣҲΪѻԣֻ⡣
ʦǡˡ֣̾Ϣһ󣬿һǼʥһھʥ˲ϢƿնȥعӼˡ
Ȼ֣һįתԶڵķȥԶһЩʦֵܽú׷ߣȫĬ
֣ӼǼǿʥȻƷĶ֡ƷҲѾ̤׼ʥ򡣴ӽ󣬱˴˵ĲֻԽԽ
ͬʱڸңԶĵطһ꣬վĬĬĿԶڵķаԭʦǳīһ޴УôôֹأȻѾѡӣлл㡭Ҵ·ܵʲôʱ㶼ҵʦҡߣҲᶪ
ĬĬĿǱߵķȻתһųǵķ򣬲ȥ
ͨһ֮ͨ󣬳īһˣ̤Ľ
īһ㿴Ҷųϲ˽£нһȺͷɵʿЩˣǽЩ콾
ڴ˿̣Ⱥ˿īĿУк棬Ҳһ㼵ʣģȴһȵĹâ
˵׻ƴֱӡ콾Ĺȥǵ죬Ҳ֪֮١ڽ֮ûöõʱ䣬Ѿ̫ˣ
һԾ񣬸һӵǰʮĳͽݣܵµʶֵֻɱֱһʥ򡢵ޱľ޴ɡݱ¶֮󣬸ǳصĹ⻷ҫ۵һȻѪ
ܻѾʽ΢ɷϣȻ콾Ŀʥһ壡
Ҷ࿴īһģӣҲ֪īݣԭӾȻ׻ƴǸ˵еĻ֮ءҶĿУ׻ƴһӾͱʥΪǹӵĹ硣
īҶ΢΢ͷȻŽ£ֵһЩǿϢ֪ЩӦöǽҵĸ֡кǸжԽһȭˡ
΢΢һЦûʲôŹһЩ¼֮ҶսĿҺͬսҪսʹıƣ伫ս
˵⻰ܺܶ˵ϣʱ¶һĨȻɫ
ЩȫӼҵˡ


1461 ʥ
īȻҲˣ֪ǽ´Լ˵Լһͻ⵽Ⱥ˵͹㲻ɱֻҪشҲӮˡ
ЩֶΣȻû취ʹóˡ´һȺˣɲǰ衣
̤Ƭؽ磬īһطʿĿʥȴġһȷģҪ췭ظȻĸ׾ߡֻû뵽Ǳ߻ת̬ȡ
ôʣµ飬ȥӦЩϴˡ
߰ɣҴȥֱ̨ӼһҾ޴սսѩףһѪĽ֣·ˣս
ǽҼݡһʥ˵ĵս
īս΢΢һЦ¿һٶʵѾ˽ҵν̬ȣҲһ˵ǰˡ˹ؼʱ̣ҡϻ壬Ȼһġ
īӵһս֮ȴе⣬ֲˡ
ʥ
ʱļʱѾȫһˡһɫĳۣͷϽڣüĿһ˫дڲݻϣѾʼһЩ֮
ī΢΢һЦܣּˡ
ܣ
Ϊ嵱Ĵӣг֣ǷΪĳ̶ֳϣѾԴˡһܣҲڸ߳ī壬ѾϿ
ԱߴһߡǴӼʥǿзġ
ī̧ͷʥʥ˸ۣĵΪϿ㣬ҾͻϿ㣬ī֪˭ȴһֻ֣
һϵļ̲ס鴤˼£Ȼһ
ʥŲ鲻ԸĵںݺݵĽѵʥ֮ǰǲϿģ
ѵʥҵ飬޹ءī˵һ䣬ҲɫѿļʥȻżʵҵĵ𣿡
īȻûпڽ磬ȴûн⣬º͵һЦСøøãҲ̨Ǳߵ㡣
ҪԼôīЩһʱ䣬Ĭ
һԣ˸Ҳ֪ʲô
ӵƷ绹磬ô˵ҲǷ
ͺӳʦ㣬Ե÷ǳнˡ
ζû뵽֮꣬ȻôĴ
гīܵġǲеĻô
Ǹ޸߹ŮӣԭǴ˵еĽҹ¡
ֳϲʣͺӳʦҪмйе
飬ҲԵʮּƷţȻСĴܵһСƷ㣬ʾɵ㣬̫š
ʱ򣬼Ȼ˵ܣһսжٰգ
ī̧ͷż΢΢һüͷ˵˵
˵ʥˣһֱսңӼΪϴļ壬֮˺ġ֪мǿķӼͬҲУңЩδػϵķ
īͷ
˵Ӽҵɥӣһȫ˲ɱһʥⶫѷҾãʥʮа˾ţսʱһҪСģҲڸսһ˲䣬ֱӼ
ӵ̲סһӼǼݴһֱӼλϴڵСѵΪ֮һսλϴڻóתһīݣӵҲеˡЩϴûоԸīһϣīˡԣóһ󱲣ҲͲˡ
ƷЩǵĿһ۳ī˵ʲôջû˵˵ˣӰ쵽ī̬
Ҷһ˫ˮд˵ġ
°ǣųīȴǺ֮ɫ˵˲ٹڳī飬ľܹô̵ʱ䣬ﵽĳɾֱͣһ漣
ϵˣҲʵ̫ǿЩõһ֮콾
ڳīûиܵǹɺɵϢԼԶ϶īûк֮ġ棬ͻȻðһ޷Ϩͷóīնʥʥǵ֮ôֻʲô
īЦЦż˵ǾͿ˭ˣ
ҹŵ֮⡣
ʿϵӿƬƽ
ΪＴҪսӶԸӣӼҶԻ壡˭ܳΪӮңٵڣ˻ǿӼߵġ
Ȼǿ󣬿Ӽҵĵ̣ȴ˿ڻ塣
īӶˣȫ׻ƴֱӡ˺ܶĵطУǾУ֮صҰˣ
ֵط߳ʿҲܸĴս
ֹ۵ˣҪ̫ࡣ
ս䣬˫۾˲䵽սĲſڴ
󣬴ս߳һӰÿˣܵĿ
ǳī߳սһ˲䣬͸̫ܵ־磬ֲε˲֪һ
⣡
ʣ
Ц

м
棡
ˮųīǵصӿ
īĿ⣬һ̶ˮû˿ƽˣȻ󣬴ս߳
ţڽµĴ£ֱӳһȥǱߣפأ
ͼʥˣЩεҲɫƽ𿴼ʥƺܻ𱬣ҲǷֳϵġɲʲôʱô𱬡ڴ˿̣ͱֳһӵӦеķ緶
Ŀбӣһ̹Ȼ˵ע֮¡
ֻǺܲʹģȻϲīǵģͷȴϲۼЩˡЦǿīǿˣһָܹѹǣ
ƷӵҲԵúƽɱľӢֳ棬ʲôƷ֣ȻһԴСߣԵúܽŵͺӳʦЦ£͵ǲںˡңò˶ãǿǵĿ⣬ͻӣ
Щ˲ԼһƷ硭ͬҲûԼ̬ȣ
仰ǹ˵ģ
ʱԶһмЦӣ߾ӣʿԶһȺ԰˴ģ
ƷȻ̧ͷУŨŨս⣬ʥ
ʥǱ̲סЦֶҲʸԳΪ
ûʸĪУԶһһµ꣬߰һޱ޶Ůӣһ̬䣬Դһµ
ʥüһҪȴֹסʼӵܣ﹫˶죬Ӯ䡣
ŷơӵһ˵Уһ˿Ȼ
ǱߵʥĿͶӵ˵ӵּˡܿϧһΣȻվ˶顣
ôӵ̧ͷĿ⣬±üȫûпʥǸ޶˵Ůһ㣺ǶǴ˭˵أ
㻹ôšţäĿšʥϣһĨЦݣȻ˵ôˣкô
ˣʱһƬȻ
ʥԵ޶Ůӣɫ΢΢һ죬΢ĿһʥȻ󷽵Ŀӵӵּˡ


1462 ĸ
˵ĻȻʥո˵Ǿһģһ
īʶĲӵЩ쳣ǸŮӣǵһӡٿȥһ׵ʣֱ˾̾ŮֻӦУ䣿
ոҲӵǸ֡ŷơ
ԭ֮Ůȴʥԡѵ˵֮䡭ʲô²ɣ
ӵЩѵģŷһЦȴû˵
ŷƵ˵ӵ㱾콾ȴΪͬӣ
һ仰ȫ¶֮ɫ벻һĳֳʸ߹ŮӿС

˭ߣ˭
ƷУ˲䱬âЦһ治֪ԭ֮һֱѹŮˣʲôСô
⻰еˣƷ˵⻹ǿġʲôĻ˵
ӵǳ˳飬ȴûг
Ǳߵʥ͵ɱĹâƷ磬Ǹ
Ʒ˸ҲǸôңһڵ˶ˮٽһʥɱңǰ͵͵ңǡʥ³ͷ
㡭ʥɫ˲ࣺΪ˵Ļڵġ
ԵŷƣɫҲ쳣ѿ
ƷǺһЦÿ˶ҪΪԼ˵Ļ𣬲ң
Ʒ˵ţһӵһ㶼ôܿŮ˸ӵ֮й£ô˵ˣΪģΪŮ˿ӵĿУûһ˿һ⣡
Բ˵֮˵˵ˣٲһ⣬ؼʱ̸һƣʲôˡȴߵֵܵ衣
ŮˣƷΪʲôʸӵԡ
ȷݵλСӵȻʼѹʥһͷһ˵㣡Ҫ˭ӳ֣Ҫ˭϶ҲҪ˭֤
ʥƷ磬Ȼ󣬲һԵŷƣȻһЦһų콾ʿֻѿ֮ʲô˼Ʒ磬ɱ˳ī֮һɱˣ㡣
ƷһЦУҵ㣡
ֳգǳءԴԴϸϸЩʿҲȫӰ쵽ѻȸ
ڸִܵս֮ǰĽϢҲӼҸ֮ĶԹȷѾ˲ɵ͵ĵز
ʱʥڽĿͶīɱӼӵܣͷһһġ
īһۣôϻ㲻ĻھͿһ㣡
ǿư
ͼʥ̲סīߣԭīٰ㲻˳۵ļʥ֪ΪʲôһԼԸϵͷһƺС
Ӣϣûκα飬ϵϢ˵ƽȡһ̣ʥҲòϣīϣһ˷ŭԼİʡ
̫ˣУȴ˵İ
ǿƣǲκˣη
׵Ӱ쵽ߵЩˣ
û˵仰ӵƷ磬ǽЩˣϵı飬˲䣬ô
ϣͷ˵仰
ʥһ仰ŷȥˡ
̸ϻߣҲԲôݡԳݣҪѹīֵˣȴ룬һһŷЩѵӵҲһİǣǵܹѹġʥֲȺ˶죬Ϊʵʧķȡֻһ仰Ͻȥߵһ㶼ݣһ
ϴżź֮ɫΪʼգŷҲãʥҲãûпûԭţʥŷĻػ˵֪֮
Ǵôװʲôװ
ţȻԳī˵ˣҪӰ飬˭˭󣬶Ǳ˷ġЩΪ˹ߣԼͿԳΪˣʵѽǲݼǲݼԶҲɲ˷ˣ
ѾԶŷ΢΢һ٣ȴûлͷû˵첽ȥˡ
ڽµĴ֮£һ˻פй
¥ɭϣϽ֪Ϊȥģȴǲ֪⴦йֻһҹ֮ġ
ص´ųīһīĸоûôڡ˵ʥϴżֽ֮ɫȻǲ֪Ϊ飬ȻûйʥʥԼȴʼոеĿЩǴû飬ȴǼϻһĴɡ
ң˵׷
һȺֱ˽ȥͨ󣬴һӰɱ
ֱӳīһ൱Ůӣʸ߹ţĸīǰƺҪ˹סīȴһվƺе㲻ҹһ˫ˮīĿУ顣
󣬴ӹ߳һ꣬ĸߴǿңлīü䣬ż֮
ī꣬΢΢һ£漴ϳԼĸף׵󣬸֮ǰĲʵ̫ˣ˿ǵĳģǸī仭еžųϵơ
ӣ衣˵
ڳ󣬻һȺ߳ûеӰȺˣһеȫӢ䲻ŮҲ˫ʶǳ߹һ
ʵīѾϳŮԼĸף仭ǸŮΨһĲ֮ͬǵļ𣬻÷ŮȻڸֱʱޱȣȻɢǹഺϢȴǱضׯû鶯
ӣȴһģһ
ӣҡҶԲ㡣Уˮ̲ס䡣ոսʥŮӣԼǰֻʣʹ
ӵȺˣ໥һۣȻڽµĴ£ĬĬ뿪ˡ
ʱѾʺϼˡ
īһλԼĸ׵ĳ浽˼ĸ׵һֹ̣Ѫĸоһõĸ塣
ڵǸīͨһڵأУһޱȸӵС
һΣ̲סֱ˹ѳī§ڻʹޣӡı㣡
һôгīƳī衣ô꣬һɾ͹ھ׻ƴ򣬺йôĳƺڴ˿̣īȴһ㶼ͻأҲѿ
ĸ׵Ķӣվ֮۵죬ҲĿеı
վǣ¶ָпȻ̾Ϣһ
ʥȦе㷢죬죬һԣһȻȻ˵īңһǲϲ㣡Ҷ֮ǰľٶǸԲҴˣҲ½⣡㻹ҵһֻ֣
ʥ˵꣬Ʋ죬һֻĹⲽˡ


1463 
ոհٺӵƷ˸ϻĽ¿һĻ̲סƲƲ죬ֹһŤµ˰
ѾԶļʥǳ˳飬ƤҲû졣
żʥıӰ̾һͬҲϲӵܣ˵̫ˣֽҪ˵жޣͬҲǺ޲ԸԸ⣬ҲԸıΪһ˵ʵʷһΣ˶ҪŽһ˵׻ƴʱҲֽѵСӡȥġҲȥɡ
ߵļͳīĸӶˣʥôһϣҲ˱ˮȻȴޱȿĵЦݡ
īҲһȦż𣺡ԴҾ˼Ļ棬֪֮󣬾ûйֹˡ
úӣȻöԲ㡣˵ţȻ˵ӣģͷͰѻĵӡǸӼҵС
һ̲סһЦ˵ùãţôҵĹøˡ
Ҹңཻձ֣ºһùҲ֮С
һȻ˵£ллˣùǷһ顣
ù⻰ͼˡȻһЦ̫ҪȥЩС̫飬ҲֻһЩܼˡ
ͷѾ÷ǳˣ˵ţֽĿصīϣŨУ˿ûκΡ棬еźںҪʱûںӵߣûв뵽ӵÿһɳһźӵĸ˵ʵһ൱п顣
еĿѣһ˵ܹһ𣬶Լ˵ʲôʥҪҪöࡣͷһ۳ȻһЦһĿѣȫġ
վڳȺˣһĻϵı飬ҲȫӵĺܡǶǻҵĵճӵܣѪϵ൱׽ЩܹվڼΪǵˣȴ֮١
˵뷨ʵʥ࣬ҲֻûʥôƫˡԼλĻ幫û̫ء׻ƴĳ͸̸ʲôˣǷĵıġ
û뵽ǣȻѹ˼𣬵ʵȴΪһ׻ƴʿû˻ʼѪͳ嶪ˡ
ʵԭЩʵѾˡ
ǲŻпЩңûʥǸƫִֿļһɵĳȥīƳȻĻ˿̵ǣʥһΡ
ʥɹʥǵĶӳīŶ㣬޵Ҳʮ꣬ȴѾɹɵ̤𾳽硣ֲпĵط̵ʱ䣬̫һ޷ɵĳɾ͡
ǰʮ
壬ӵܵУҲֻһѡ
һӣ㵽ԣ
˭ҳЦ˭ʸЦ˭ָȥ̣
Ȼûиıһӵ̬ȣǻճӵܿҲҪ͵͵ڰж˼ʾá
һʥѾһܴļˣ
ЩӵܣȫĺܣָӵǵһСһһī񣬾ǱֱȳīһĻӵܣ콾̬Ҳȫʮº
ֳ棬ǳī֮ǰζ벻ġ̸ж༤٣أ滹ǻе˵еһСҲãҲãܸһһڣĵĳһٷ
īֵȻҲЩｾĻʼӵܸеʮ塣Ϊôʽ΢Ҳ˭īһȺ߹Ļճӵܣƽġ
һԿһĻˮ˸ĹâжԳīȤˣѳīֵܵ˼Ҳǿ˼֡
һ΢ЦĶԼ˵ʹãСֶѾǰ׼ᣬһȥòͰɣ
˵ͷֶӣǺϲġʥһЩһֱ͵͵ȥȻÿֻǹȥ˵˵ĴһϡˮԼ˵ѾܿɹĪˡ
ԼԼ̬ȣԱ˵̬ȣԵĵͷȻ˵õģǹȥɡ
һˣʼйǰϹȥ
ǰѾ׼һСƻͨ硣
ͼ𣬱뵽ͬʱҪѳīҲõȥȴīлˡ
ΪڳЩ˵Укö౲ֺܸߵˡЩ˻ΪĳЩԭ߿һۣīȴһѳĸо
ЩȻܿҲΪĸĸԵʡΪǿ
˵īûİԼһӵܣ
Ϊճ
󣬳īԱߵһϣҲͬòĿ˸Щɵ֮俴ȥ
Ҳֱ˻ɣ߹ޣӵ̬ܵȣɴûôȹӵܵУû˴λҹ⡣ûķۡ
ȴīЦȻȥʮȣܲһЩ˸еԾЩʡ
ĶͬĻӵܡЩҲߵģҲǵذǰʮļС֮ǰսλ콾Ȼ֪ʵô£ΪǼСս¡ʵȴΪСһð±սȻһŰݡ
ԣСڳīߣɫЩΣһڵı顣
¿һֵۣ˵ƽȥ͹ȥˣĺˣԺҲٴˡ
ڳȫһ˵ֱ̫˰ɣ
СƽǿЦõ˵ǲǻҪлл½㣿ȴĬĬ᣺۸ңȴһȵ˵Ժ󲻻ٴˣϻбô
òãҸīֵܣԺҾǺˣһˬ˵
һ
ڳˣһҲûʲôϰܿ㶼
ȥǻΪīݶӣڴ˿̣ȴɷ羰ٴʱ˿̣ǰлӵܣôҶǴˣʲôʱӦ˵ʲôʲô£ﶼ
ټǰԼһСλãǿŵġīȥЩλϣҲڷΣϵʼҲѾȴ֪ΪΣûǱߡ
īǸ򣬽ЦЦ˵Ǳ߰ӦһȺеεˣǴŲ˰ɣ
û䣬ǰſڣͻȻһȺˡȺˣͬŻлƬŵλá
Щľ΢еԶʱ򣬺ܶϵı飬ɫ
˻ԴԴϵĽīЩ˵УһϤӰ΢΢һô


1464 
ʵҲǲԸģȴѩζû뵽īеĵλȻôͷ˾޴ķתû뵽ԭһֱҪԸīˣǳԻĵճһ
ԸǿһЩ֧һ
֪ЩʱѾûлī˵ˡ
ҲЩ̿ˣ³īûݣħʵʩıΪ׻ƴħ֮ĶԹȷǺһġΨһܹӰīİѱѾһöûˡ
ȻζҪħ壬ȴûȥħ塣
ٲãҲļң
ļǵãѩЦŸ˵īħȻᱻҲֻһ·ߣǾǣʵʵĸң
ѩȻ֪䰵иīϵ飬ȴ֪ⲻһֵŮˣ̫뷨̫ˡҪ׵ѹء
ʱһȥѮҵӣһȼǿĮȻɨ˴һۣ˵⡭ǵλ𣿡
īϣʥֱվ˵֧һǣĶڶµĹضصĻλãҪ𣿡
ʱ棬һƬš
īдµĴЩˣΪ֧һЩǵǹ˵ճһϵǱһЩ뷨νūˡȻҲҲжԹȴ⡣Щ֧Ұģ繴ҪһڵˣҲһ֧ġ
īϹžȥޱƽ
㽪¸֪Ҫһڵǻ֧һīȻûбֳκε쳣
ʱ˿̣ڴ˵أҪֵվǳȺ֧ǻĵճһĳˡ
һ˫У¶ĹâЦôѾڹѹ˵ĵزˣѾһֻʣµճݵ˳ĵزˣ˵ţ¶мҪ˵ʲôȴʼļˡ
ֻƽƽ˵֣֣ȴ·һɺƥֱ˵ͷ
ϽѪȺӵܣȫܵ־ѹеѪҺ٣һӼӿ˺ܶ౶Ҫһ㡣
īڵѪҺֻ궯ôһɲǣ㱻е̨ѹ˻ȥЩȣĵճһȻǼһμϣ·һǿĵϢ
ѵ
ī΢΢һЩˡ
Ȼ˵֮ѻȸϵƣ̼䱻߽ɢЩεվһ¶ǿҵĲͲʡȴûٿ˵ʲô
ʱ֧Ǳߣҧ˵Ѫѹƣ˼ôҪûһƣ˭ǿ˭˭û
Ҫǿ򵥵ĺܣ壬Żұ֤ԶѪѹ㡣ǣӦҪӵܵݣҪػڶµĹءҪսأ뱻ͷ꺢𣿡
ո˵֧ӵܶʱɫǺ졣
ʱ¶һĨЦ̾Ϣˣﲻӭǣֺα֣ӣˣȥ
Ա㡣һƽ˵
ī𾪣ף壬ԭ⻼أԭҲֵزճһ֧һ֮ĹϵȻѾص̶ֳȡֱǿҪˮˡ
ʱ򣬳īȻ俴ǱߵħŮ䣬һĿûдûжı飬ֻһҲһšī˲ˡ
˵ЩҲ˽һŬҪħ壬ȴֲ˺ħŮˡ
ͬʱ˽µѣīҲ֪ˣЩ֧һеĳЩˣĳЩϴڹǲҪɱԼˡħ壬ħ幥׻ƴ
ĿģȴΪ˻ɱԼ
˵֮䣬̸κ꣬ҡĻȫûκεΣ֮һѡ
īֱӦþ
ЩͷͬڳīԺӹȻȻ˵䣬þòô
Ҫ߳Ⱥ˲ͣ˽Ųܶȫīܶ˿īĿУεıɱȻ֪īġ
ѩ۾ʱһĨ֮ɫĿͳī֮߮
Ȼһֱڳīõȴû뵽īͻȻôһ䣬֪ôӲźá仰Ҳ̫ˣѩ˱խֶɣڿ϶ỳī֮ʲô˵Ĺᡣ
ڱұ̬
̾Ϣһīһ򵥵ˡͷԴأǰҪʲôռôǲܵһ顣
ţЦȻӼѩųī߹һΪӻء
վסѩͻȻ䷢һͳŭĿɭĿ䣺ʲô˼
¶һ˵Цݣûʲô˼ѽǼѣкѡ
ѣѩͷ
Щ֧УҲȫ¶ɭĹâ
ǵȻ֪ݣħī֮ĶԹڿȥʵƺī֮ƺ֡໥͵˼
ǰսֲͷ­նءʱ׼ľ磬ҡѾɵءһ˵һ߳ųī
ˣѾûκ·ˡҪ˵ԳīһԹûУҲǲܵġԣһ̹Ȼ˵˱īɱ¡
ܶ˸е𾪣Щ˼顣ħ幥׻ƴʱ򣬳īӦûûгΪѵǸʱĳīѾôô
һЩԭûнīĻ֧ȫʼīս
ճһߣҲˡīĿ⣬Щͬɵ֮ǰʮȫɵ֮еսͬʿ֮ս֮ǰ׻ƴǿԽս
׼֮䣬ŸϵĲ࣡
ܶ飬ԣܶԽ룬ԽǸоīֲ̫ˡ
ͼ໥һۣҲоȣģȴһ֪Ӻ֮Ľο
īЦſһ䣬˵ħŮıĵǹ졣ҲǱһѡȴֱӰҵսˡҲħŮӡ
ѩվ˵Ȼˣ֮䣬ӦŶԣΪΡ
ѩ廰û˵꣬ͱˡûͣûлͷֻǵ˵ҲһָʾҵˣҴ˭Ҿֻȥ˭ûзԣӵĳңҡ
˵ţųīգգۣ¶һƤЦݡ
ѩɫˣȻû˵ָʾ˭ڳ˿ɶɵӡ涼˵˭
ѩʱ˵ʲôǸϵȴ˵ˣ߰ɣ
ѩֻܺ޺޵ĿһıӰ¶ޱԹɫȻһת뿪ˡ
ųīʼ磬¶һίı顣
īЦЦɡ


1465 ҹ̸
СĿһϵˣЩִٵĵҡǲҪ˰ɣ
ʱЦ˵Ȼǳīѣ͹ɡ˵ţʾһӵŲλãԱ߰ɡ˵ųī¶һЦݡ
Ȼ֪µģô˵жʱмҲûٷϸīѣΪȥжԹ̣Ҳǽ뵽īӪˡҴӽٸĻӪˡѩȺ˿϶޵Ҫ˵һжôҪҪıѣԻ֧Ӫ˵һʿܶ˵顣
ʱ򣬽¸ī˵һ֧ȺˣǵУĴߵġȻ϶֣϶ŪһЩС㡣
īͷ
ϯʼ
ᣬīǵһβμӣĿϧȣīһǲʶġ
ʱ򣬽¾ͳ䵱һĽɫīЩȵóߣ൱ĵλСĻճӵܣǰʵʵġ
ƹѲʼ˵ơ
īȥԼĸĸȴû뵽ﲻһ߹ģȻǼʥ
īʥųīЩͳȫ
īżʥɫƽ
һǲϲ㡣ʥû˹ƣӢϣɫЩ΢죬ųīе㷢֣ˣʵǶеȡ֮ġ
һбȽϽļһȻǸУ˵Ǳ˵ĸܡһ۽Ե䣬ȻԳī˵٣㻹еػġ
īżʥ˵ûҲ㣬һҪˣ϶ϡ
һܽԾ˵һӵˣҲûмڳЩˣûġһɫȫЩˣŵĿżʥ
ǱߵļͳҲɿߡдżֵΣŲεͣ·˵ҵĶӣ
ʥһ£Ҳǵһ˵תۣȻЦīҺȻе㷢֣ûôˡΪ˵ĶԣαҾ˵ţʥֱӸɵ˱оƣȻת뿪ұ˵嶪ںȻ˵ˡֻ˵Լ
еգ˲һɣ˶һĺ¼ʥͻȻ䱬ٰⳡˡ֧Щ˿ЦҲýսһ㲻Ӱ
ãʥûôɵ佾񣬵ȴǰ׳գҲмؽ
Ⱥ߸ϵĻճӵǣҲ̵˳īƢҲǹű˵
󣬿ʼдӵܹīƣҲһЩŹݵ֮Ůīʾá
йƵˣīȫ֮ǰԴʥ̬ȣž޴𡣲ЩҲȫܸܵīеǷ롣Ҳû⣬Լ»īݴ
ΪǶīнݳɾͣĸһϵûУȫ˼һһӡԼƴġ
һֱīҲûлȥĸһƣΪʵ̫ˡ
֮ʱȥĸһˡ
䱻´ˣý´īĻ˵ǣһŮӣ߲ˡ֧ȺҪҲ磬Һˡ
ֽʾãҲЩ˳īûٿֱӵͷӦ
ڳͼķһھһ𡣼үˮݲ衣
ǣųīӣԽһսжİգ
ī룺Ӧ忪ɡ
忪üеٰ
˵ңӳ־ʿжգīųԼĵԼĸס
ʥҲһ׼ʥīȻ׼ʥһ࣬ȴ󡣶ңսУԼһӳϸ׵һսɾͲһˡ
ӳѾ̤ʥܶ꣬ȴŸոճʥӳѹ絽ʥˣǸ⣬ҲԶǸܱȵġ
ⲻǳ־Լ磬һʵ
ЦЦ˵ǲ⿪ӡصʥʮɰաǽ⿪ӡعʥһɰգ
ʲôīһԾĿԼĸףΪϲţˣⷬҲе̫˰ɣ
ʮɰգһĸǸǵ򰡣
ԼĶӣ̾Ϣ㵱׻ƴûĴУΪүүľֻһͨİʥҪߵ·̫Ҫ̫ѡһ·үүѳʥѾɾʹʥˣңҲͬˣ
īĿɿڴĿŸף૵ʲô·𣿡
һ·ڳīʿĲ֮ͬǶĴ澳֮壬Ȼ𾳽磬ȴѾʥˣ
˵ˣӲĳʥһп𣬵ǲ̫˺ģ
֮ķŲҲַ̫ʽܹɾ澳֮壬һִļҲҸﵱΪ滮õ·ֻûĳɹˡ˵ǳһߵģȴ·
ʱүò裬һһߵ·棬ҲǶһ޶ġȻĻԤеӦ֮ˣôǼң
īһԼĸĸ
ȴҡҡͷ··һ໥ӡ֤ԣҲܰѳһĽδõӰ졣㲻õģ·ȻҸѡģȴԼ߳ģԣ·෴·ܸáڻûзϵǱԣʥһս忪󵨵ķſ澳֣֮ᷢһʥ򣡡
ҵϡԼûзֵܣīȷЩȡ
ֹһ˵ҪԼоԵġ
ī˼Ƭ̣ȻͷֺȻʵ֪ԤԣôǸͨˡ׳ʲô̬ԤԵģ
ͼ޶໥һۣж¶֮ɫ
ī⣬ֱָģһڣҲΣΪеĵճӵܣڵ걻ֳѹ֮ǰʵѾ֪˺ܶ
ֻǸʱ򣬼ȫûʶЩ˽ܵĲһ𡣲ô
£ʵ˵ˡѾ漰ϵһ׮Թ˼û֪ࡣһּ֣˼ʱ䷿ӡһС硣
һУ˵ͨˣϻ֮ˡ
īʱһԼĸס


1466 
ͷûǻУڵ˵սʧ֮󣬾ͳĹһߣһĳߡУĵҲΨǻλʼ档ԣںȻһ֣ץסһᣬӰʼʮԪһεĴ١ʼشֻѡ񻯵ʵϣʼȴûг
˵ĵЩ飬Ҳʱ֪ˡ
ʼ桭ţīеǳ𾪡
ǣʼ滹ţֻҪϻѪϣʵʼͲȥ˵Ϊ棬ʵֻһ
īһԾĿԼĸףЩĸ仰ʲô˼ʲôʵֻһ
һֻֻһųī˵ĳ򣬼һģһģϸȥϸ΢Ĳ֮ͬϣȴǶԳƵģûʲôֱġ
˼ǣڵĴ棬ǺֻеһֻȻ󡭡һƵ棬һˣīɴ۾ԼĸףҲ˵һδ֪ĴУһǣ
ͷ˵ȷģνϸ΢ϵĲ֮ͬһȷءǲֻ֪棬ǷһԼšһ磬һĸӦԸӦһδ֪ǷһԼšǸ磬澳
ī̲סһȫԽ֪Ϊ޷һԼʲôӡ
ǵʼ棬߻ˣȷʧˡûȷǸδ֪棬ǷһҲ֪Ƿĳһ죬ͨͨɱֻߣһصĴУǷὫͨնɱЩ飬ȻϴڣҲ޷ݡųī
ԣͨڵ磬һľ֣ҪϻѪ׽һļƻɹˡôʼһУǳ׵ȥˡϵ᲻Ӱ쵽һеʼ棬Ҳû̾һЩ飬Ҳֻ֪һƤëѣЩȴʼ浱׿ڶ˵ġʱ򲢲ȷʵԡۿ֣ͨͨѾΣ壬Ҳףʼ浱˵飬һӦ顣Ҳ¾Ŀսġ
īüЩ飬Щϴǲ֪ΪʲôǻҪԸͨ˵ӣڲ
ЩҲ֪ͨ˵һ֣Ȼȫϴڼģ̤Ǹ̫ͨˡȵ֪ʱѾھУû취ˡңͬҲҪٵˣһ棬ռ˵ļ壬ֻһѡ˵֪ܵ˶Ҫҵͨܶ˶Ʋ⣬񡭡ӦþͨСƲ⣬һ˷飬͵ǳ׳ֻأܵһеԼǣӰ졣ӽ󣬿ɳ嫵Ĵ档Ӧûлгѳȥ
ƺҲѾ֪Щϲûж֮ɫ
īȴǱ𺳵òᡣ
ʱ򣬼ųī˵㣬ҵĶӣпܡǺֻ棬ϸ΢Ĳ֮ͬԣͨ˵ԤԣҲ޵ķʸ㡭ܿһ
ʲô˼īʵ
棬ǾֹġҲĳһżصһÿһصһĴ١˵ǳ٣ʮԪľ١٣Եе飡صһ̣һģһĶᱻĨһΣЩϸ΢Ĳ֮ͬȴΪĶһ޶ǿԴģҲ˵Ȼ٣
ųīеǣҲο棬ĿǰΪֹܹɹ١ҳɾ̫ϵˣֻһӦҲһһھ֮ǰѾ̤澳Ȼ˳ıܿ˾٣ɾ̫֮λҲѾ뿪ˡֻ
ɱһеԼأҲͳ˶һ޶Ǹôīüʵ
ͼУͬʱһĨɫƺܾȳīôһЩĹؼ֮
Цϣ˽ˣԼɱˣʵҲԼңû֪մȾ᲻ɱԼͬʱһңҪɱһеԼǺεѵһ£ͨǶʼҲڵĺۼЩ澳ϴڣҲݳӦôһ磬Ǹ磬ӦûһԼΣʵҲû˼
һ˵ݳĽʵˡЩǿȴԸ֪Ķһ˵ǿȴʵڵġ
īƶǶĵͷ־磬ͷԵó̶ȣѾﵽһ൱ߵĲΡ˿̣ȻЩͷΡΪϵʵ̫ˣ漰ޱȷӵϴ
ϵҲֻЩϴǣݳȷһЩ顣
֮еϴڣǴеͷǴȥû顣˵ΪƻʼȹǳʮԪĴ٣ϧմȾҲҪǵҲ廢ӼңʵǵеһԱˡ˵㸸ӼҸһսȥƺֻ֮һСʵϣȴһ֮ʧ
īͷż𣺡֪ˣһȫԸȷһʧ
ͷҸ㸸Ҳϣֳصѹϣ̫飬ҲΪûֹܹƽֻ˳ӡ
һ̾νʿϣʵϣ졭û˿棡
īӸĸǣصԼķ󣬻˼ĸ׸˵ЩЩѾߵȼˡһȺˣϾʿһ¶󲻵һصġδ֪ȻһԼ
Щ飬Գī˵ҲЩ̫ңԶˡǸҲãֻϲͬɫҲաȥЩ̫ˡ
֮ǰ֮˵ʥ֮ս忪ΪϲԼĸĸǰֵʵϣһֱ޵еġ
սʥҲãҲãűʤġ
󣬳īϥ£ʼķʼУīˣ˲뵽״̬С
һսҪһȫʢ״̬


1467 С̨
ڵԼʱ䣬ʿȫӿһƬ
ӵƷ缸ˣ֮ǰûвμӻǳᣬڼī֮󣬼ī񶼺ʢʱҲ˿
Ʒ翴ųī涣Сһ㡣
ͺӳʦҲȫһеĿųīͺӳʦ˵һҪǸһ
ӵųī˵ָоʥܻܿڸսУʥ˾磬ʱһʥ˽ٵļһҪܿ
ʥ˽ôīЦЦûж˵ʲôͲʥôΪ֮µġǸ٣
ʥôãһôֻóīУøӾ
һˣǸСڴͬʱϹӼһˡ
˫һ棬˲ý
Ӽһӵܣһ˫ѪĶųī¶ޱԹɫҧǳīɱģ
īûпһ̨ۣСȥ
Ӽӵ벻īȻȻŭֱӳųīݺһĹ
𣿡ʥһҪ֡
ӵĽӵܣڿ˵ŲϲīҲȷôġȴκйصˣԿϣԲϲ۸ǡȴУ
˱Ķ죡
һӰ˲ӼȺǰ̧־һ
Ӽߴĸˣͬʱ֡
¡¡
һ죬˲С̨ڴ
Ӱ˿ûӼǱһʱ򣬴Ӽߴһͳʲô˼Ӽûô
ӳϣһ̨ߣӼӵ֣Ӽûأҿйصģʥӳԡ
ոճǼӼҵȫͷĴӵȻûˣɫȴǳѿ
ӳȻûг֣ոյȷûȥԼӵܶԳī֣˵ЩġҲû뵽ҵ˾ȻĻᶯ֣ܳԤ֮⡣ڽ˵ʲôһᱣ̬ȣӳϼֱ֮Աǡ˵ǵƨɶҪᵽĻȥˣ˵⻰Ҳֻ룬ǲ˵ڵġ
ֻһȥȽС̨
ʥĿųīһ˫гɱ
īȴЦЦһ磬Ȼ֣ԼĲһĶ
ʥɫ࣬ޱѿתС̨С
󣬳īֱոճֵĽǰȭʩ񣺡лǰ֡
һȥʮ꣬һ߳ףɫĵۣЦеİڰ֣޷޷˵ţǱڸϹļͳ΢΢һЦãþò
ԭǽ֣ллָոճ֡뽪񣬿ó˫ȽϤ󣬼ֽܸʶ
īӵƷȺˣȽ뵽С̨档
һֻȻʵĸоǷ·վһ޴棬Ŀȥ﷽Բسʽ͵¶ȣǾ޴Ŀ̨мǼ﷽ԲĿյأ̨ˡ
վرԵĸ̨̨֮ܵһɼǿ϶һǿķ
ʱ򣬽´ҶħŮ˹īЦʵǫ̂𣿡
ī˿˵ⷨ󡭡ܲ
֪ܿ¿ĵһЦȻ˵ⷨǽ洫ĶڻûпһϴڣҲƻ
˵ţһ˫¶ĹâЦе˵ұ̬ȣᾡеķ񡣡
⻰ûдǹ˵ģòȫ̲סаۡ˵̬ȣҪӲ˵˼Ҳ˵ƺҲûΪĿǰΪֹҲûйվߣҲûɱʲô˽̬ȣһҹī֮ߵıȽϽ֮⣬Ҳûʲôˡ
ܶһ֮ȫеʮһһĿȻ飬ȴӲץʲôѱ⽪ҵ·񣬵Ǹĺܰ
ӵƷ硢ͺӳʦˣЩһ𣬱ר˴ȥר򡣳īڽµĴ£׼ȥ
·ϣ´īСĵ㣬Ӽҵ̷ǳ֮ʥһֱӵѹһͷⲢ˵̫⡣ûи׵ʿǰ壬ˣ붼ǵ͵̣ὫǱǱشѩᣬҪʥҲҪһ̫ࡣ
˼ǣʥܻܿڸսĹжɽ٣Ҫʥīӵľ棬˽һ䡣
룬˵ǵģܡ֮ǰûнҺĽ룬ôδأΪսʥաʮа˾ŻڰʹʲôСӼһֶˡڣ˽ҺǻĽ룬ӼҹƾôҪҲڰжʲôֽšҾ붯ֽţҲҪͻǽµķ˵
ϴżְȻȻ˵οһΣܻܿٴ˵أӼҾ˺ִ˵ĵǰҲҷ
īͷİɣʥսжɽ٣Ҳµġ
¿ųī⻰ҪǴӱʿ˵ǲŵģ˵Ҿ;ÿŶȼߣ
īЦ˼Ȼ˵Ǿ͵ſְɣ
ųһĨ貹âЦŵͷ
󣬳īʼ׼
ʱ򣬴ʿʼӿ롣вߴЩ콾ʿУͨڣһν뵽Ϊ˹ۿⳡս
Ȥģʵǳīʥ֮ս֮ǳ
ȻӳѾ˵ѹƾ絽ʥˣվһʥ˵ʥ֮սʿжۼ
ߴУÿһҲܳһʥˡʿҲûмʥ֮ս
īŲӿЩ콾һǿҵ˼֮顣棬֮⣬ԭӦа˴ߴ콾Ψû׻ƴ콾
׻ƴ콾츳̫ûʸôǣ
ûǵӡ׻ƴʿֺͬܶྪž֮˵ƮŮۡ򣬶Ѿ̤ʥ磡
ͬеЩ콾ЩˣҲȫӦ𾳽ʿŶԡ
ķӡ
һ죬һֽҸϡãīҧгݵķģңһҪһ׻ƴֱͨͨ׻ƴ콾ǣҲнϿĿ飬ƳȫǱ
ī˿̲֪׻ƴƾµǵӡѾһӸˡ֪Լʦħ׷޾ԼˮȺѾ뿪׻ƴ


1468 㿴
һʱ֮С̨̨ܿ棬Ѿۼ˴ʿ
𾳽콾˳߳ɣ
֮⣬иеˣҲȫɳս
ⳡ֮Ľǣ˵ꡣ̫ˣͨⳡսȷԼҪվһߣ
ѾǽָķѾʼܶսˡ
ӼҲ̬ȣ֮Ȼûݵĵز˭֪һ顣
̫ƽ޾£̫ļ塢ɣǽһ̬ȡʶ֮ʿսֵᱻôʱվӡͳһҪ⣡
һ֮ܾͻᵼ̽䡣
ⳡսȻǳ¶ģ١Կ̫ණ
ܵĿ̨ϣЩＸ洦ɼҲкܶһԼĵ죬ȴԵ΢
ϣ˶ˡ
ǣһЩݣ꣬Ԩsŵվдڿݻʾƽġ
Ŵһȥʮ׳һӣһ˫۾񣬿ȥǳɾߣʮƯŮʿ顣ҪΪЩŮʿͨǾʹشˡ
ȺŮޣģ˰ǰé
Цվϵıʮֹ졣飬Դֺ֪ھǳīһ𣬾;ϡΪ֮ǰӦֺڡǷһ
̵ģǷֺڵһī
ЦڻҰ¸߸ԭܼ򵥣ĹңȻһֱ̬ȣǣҵһЩ߲ӼҵĹϵ൱
ڣǹսҲǾӼҸһЩġ
ҪվڶϣԼôѡ
Ҳˣһ˫棬ս⡣սȤܴȥһ񽪲˵Ⱥϵ콾Ǳǿɽ֣ڶʱߵľ硣
ǱҲ᲻ϧ۵ƶǵĳɳΪЩˣÿһڲ֮ĽΪĶ֮ţ
Ϊĥ¼Ƕѡ񲻶ϺʵԼĵԼĵ̱øǿ󡣺ģֻһī
ŷƸʥ֮Ĺϵ˽֪ˡԣ˿ܻӼҵӪСһƽƺΪսǡīôǿҲʥĶ֡
˵ʥŲΪ֪ɱﵣ
ŷҲһϵļ壬Ȼû澳ϴڣʥʿȴмġʵȻСǸӼԹߵĺܽǹߵһ
ѩұȽ˼ѡһԶ壬ͬҲԶӼҵλáڳһơ
ѩҲѩҵӪУѩߣ۾һգգĿ·һ˵̨ȥƺе͡
ѩ鿴һۣ˵̫ˣȥħķʽкܶࡣ
֪ѩЩɬʾĲûôƽ
ѩҲֻܰ̾Ϣһѩī֮ĳͻҲ˵ȫԼܵܵĴֻ˵̫һᵽһ档
֮⣬в콾
ڰпľ֣ĳīʥ֮ⳡսīʼߣ˺١
ȻЩľ֣СΧģ˽еġҲûйϾīݣݣҪĹģǱҲӦ
īʥ׼͸Ե̨ɣ
Žһʥʿ¡¡īʥ֮սʼ
صĴһԲĸ̨Ǿ̨ˡ
ս϶ҪΧģ˫Ҫһĵطһֱӿ
Ŀ֮£Ӱͬʱ̨֮ϡ
ʱ򣬽ⳡսĴʥʿٴ˵޹˵ȣ뿪̨Χ֮ڣһУֱչɱ
˵֮󣬽ҵĴʥͣһûʲôǷԸ󣡡
ˣ
ؼ䣬ͻȻһ
һ޴ĹĻӷ޾տǹĻʣǳ
ӼӪУһЩ˵ɫúѿЦǹȻѽǿķ󶼸ˡ
˲ûΣֱӴݳ
ⳡսĴʥ治ɫĵ⣬Ϊ˹ƽ
ߣӼһ
ߣһ㶯ûУƺܲм뵽żʥƢ϶˵һ䣺ֻеӵˣŻɡѹסˡ
ʱˣֿ֮죬һ嶼ûС
ʱС̨ڴͻȻ䴫һ졣
Щߴ콾ʿһ׷ʲôߵˣȫסˡͬʱʶվ
ӼǱӪеˣȫ鲻ԸȴҲվĿͶڴǱߡ
ߴǱߵһЩ˻ɵţ׷ʲô
ʱ򣬽Ҵʥĵݵӭ
䣡
ܵĿ̨ϣЩߴʿȺһӾըˡˣȫͷƤըĸоæվڴǱߡ
һʵӰڻ֮£뵽

ĵ
棬ִߣ
ϴ
ǸʲôʿϴڣǰҲҪ
⣬֮
Щߴʿһ˲䣬ȫַĵĳ嶯ƺҪĤݣ
ȫ𺳵ˣΪ콾ǶҲãԵҲãʵûǿҵľηƽĵʱҲ˵Ļ
ڴʱ˿̣֮ǰЩͷȻһ㶼
⻹λûɢκѹ£
ͳ
һ˲䣬֪жߴ콾ðͷ
ӼǱߣԼ׽ӼҵЩӪУ˵ɫȫ쳣ѿ
˭벻ȻԼˣ
ôôУ
õĺͲĸϴڣʱͻȻɱ
ɡƽºͣţ˵Ŀ£Ļǣ򻺻ȥ
֮£һϵսɰֻš
û֮ܿݣ׽ӼҵЩˣһ̣ҲһС
·޾ңԶľ룡
Ǿ룬һҲû취׷ϵģ
̨ϣʥųīĿУɱȻϷʵһЦǲǾ˸ʲôˣīҽһһ˺飡һᵱŵ棬׵Űɱ㣡㣬ĸףҲõͬĴڡǹڵϣҿͷϴҲˡ
īʥ˵𣿡
ʥ˸
ī˵Ϳ㣬㣬һءģ㲻еŭġΪ㿴


1469 
īⷬʱ̨ܿһƬȻ
̫ǿˣ
ϻ˵ûУ˵˸Ͻ򣬴㻹Ҫ
ƽʱĻô˵񣬵ڴ˿̣ǾǿƣǰԵ
磬ҪľӭͷʹǿƺͰԵºͣǫѷ˵У
ѾţͲָıˣ㻹ǫѷº˭ȥ
ԣҲ۳īǷ˫ɱֻǿưԵ̬ȣ˸еѪȡԵˣ콾֮һ˵ʥӼңϴ򡢵ۺĹ壡
īȻŻݵݣ˭֪ʽ΢Ѿûֿѹס˵ϴڡԣ˵һҵݣǼֻӣʥʱҲԱǿƵ̬ȡ
ӼӪǱߣ˶ʱ¶мı飬ܶ˶֮Աǡ
˷˰ɣ浱Լһǿˣ
вһݣҲԲѡȻʥһʬΣ
ǺǣǻӵܣҲôɣ
Ӽߣ̲ܶסֱӳԳ
ߣƢļʥһ̲סҪվֱӳԷǱסˡ
Щ˳ܣ˼ô
˼ʥеĶײԼһ䣬ŭ˵ʲôƨķȺǸͬһε˽ģһȺʲô󣿡
˵ţʥīɷʥݺݵĳӵܣû˻
ǳ鴤ţۿסܵܣҲֻΡʵʥǾ仰֮󣬼Ҳоͷޱȵͨһˬ졣
ʱӼӪǱߣһӼҵճӵ˵ǻķôȻ˵˴ס
ȥģʥֱվһĮĿӼӪǱߣǸУҲҸӺúԼһȺʲôĻ̨ϼķϻ
ӼǱߣʱը˹˶ŭˡ
̫ˣ
ǻӵܣ
ǻճӵܣȻ񣿡
սս˵ֱ̫ʧˣ
ܶӼҵϱòᣬﴵۡ
ʱ򣬻ߣǻ֮£ͻȻ䴫һϵ֮ʡ
ϵƽֻ˵һ䣬ȫԼš̨ɫޱѿѾ׼ֵʥҲòʱ֣ͣŵ˵
¹ִ˵ѹΣȴ޿ײ룡
棬ˡʱк֮֮䡣˲á
¡¡죬ƺƵС̨ˣȫšЩѵӼˣҲ͡
޾Уս׷ɣս಻ԡһ죬һʼʰǧڣϼ壬˫ѹ¡նˣһҲΪִߡ˺̫ƽʼ棬ֽ̻񣬿ǡΪ컯¡
ⷬƸոִûʲôϵĻһ̨ϼˣ˳˼С
˶֪ϻѾʽ΢ˡԺܶƽ̸ֹϣԻвȴˣս׷ɵǶԶ£˭һУƪ¡̫ƽʢ
ὲЩҪöȸжʼ档ҪߵµĻӵܣҪηսҪ̫νĻ󡣵ַܵʱ򣬻кԣ˶Ͽɣ³Եʱ򣬻кݵλɽһܳΪ壬ǫѷġѪսģһоηԴǿƥʵ
Ȼƽгϣȴˣ˲ɫӼӪȺˣɫ԰ףһš
Щߴ콾֮ⷬ󣬼ȫɫǺ죬һѪҪȼˣ
Ȼڼ
ҲҪ֪֮⣬֮ˡһȥηսͬηη塣һԣԻ¡ʩ
˵֮ȫԼš
̫ⷬԤˣֱ޷ǿӲһȻѾʽ΢С
ͬǿƣͬİ
ȴ֮ǰīǷǿӲ
ң԰˷СηǿӲ
ܹѾǷǳϵˡ֮˭뵽׵ĳ
ˣ
ΪǷ÷޷˵ˣ
ң˵һθԤϵĻ
ֻѪڼĵģǿҵĹĴУⷬζȫһˡ
һսԣ
ǿƣһձɽĵ۹һǿʢƥڶʢʱڵĵ۹еƣ
ԣ˶Ĭʱ򣬽쵽ĺܶĴȫ̲ס˼νʽ΢νʵΪִ޾µĹϻ壬ô׵
ӼӪУϵ£ܶϱĴʥʥˣȫһࡣһ̫Ưˣݵλǰţ˼ӳ֣˵ⷬǸ޴ӷ
ʱ˵ʲôҲͬն̫Զ³ˣЦ˵¿£ֻܰȥȥ˵
Ŵ壬ӳˣֱǿƥͬһգһ޴ӶΣ
ѹ
ǲǽսӮˣҲ˲ࡣ
̫ˣ
ʱܵĿ̨֮ϣͻȻ䴫һȣߣ
һӦһ𺰳ģᣬ޾Ѫζֳ֮һƬš
ţˡͬ𣺡ߣ
ߣ
ߣ
һʮ飡
ʱ򣬾صĻӣ̲סվ
С̨ûжģҲӼӪһƬȺˣı𺳵ҡҷ곤ıɫࡣ
ʮߵĺ֮ԭܶӼߵˣһɫ
ǶЩһȻҲֻǽûʧ
ոǷ棬ǣ츣ݶ飬԰˵ǷǿӲĻЩ˵Ĺ
ˣЩ˲ףվǵֶΡʵ̫ߣ
̨ϵʥɫҲЩҡīĿ⣬ȴԹ˵īɣ
ͷգ˲ۣ
̨ܿϣʱһ󾪺ˡȫеͷƤһ顣
Ҫըˣ


1470 սʥ
˭û뵽ʥȻ˼˺ֱҪʥ˽٣
Ҫ̵ʱ䣬ֶΣֱӽī
ҪոΪǷһӭͷʹ
һ֣ν
ܶߵɫ˲ϾӰʵĵӶᶯһ¡
Щŵס˳֡
żҡҡͷЦЦû˵ȴü˲ƽǷ޶ˣȻѾܶûһ𣬵˴˼䣬ȻϬ
Զӵ˽⣬ԶûгԣһӾͰˡҲ˶ӿ϶ûκΣա
ºӵƷˣɫϾǵУͬΪīһѺ
ӪеħŮ䣬һƽԳī˽⣬Ȼûгô࣬ͬҲ١֪һ㣬ī١
̨ܵˣȫ˼졣ӼӪеЩˣһֿʼϲЦտ
ʥ˽٣
ɲʲôѰͨףһͿһ
īϣлĻʲôãһ𾳽ʿƾһܵסʥ٣ˣʥҪôöɣϾͲô춼ûһˡ
꣡
һףʥݺ£
ˣ
ʥֱӼһСӣСӭ籩ǣ˲Ӵƥ
൱ϣɢϣǵУһϢȻŷȻ˸еͷƤ飬һɴ̹ǵĺ⣬֡
ӼҵɥӣڡӦɥӣ˾
ȷǿӣӼһΣⳡսӳ̶ȣҲ˿ûȻٰսȺУϱ￪ڡ
Ǹгīˣ׻ƴܶסս˵УҲкܶԳī˽ˡ
ֺڣһսѩ콾ѩᣬֱӵӦǸ֪ڽ͡
̨УսѾչ
ʥһǿɥӶʥ˽٣һֱӳīһĹ
һƣɽ޾Ҫīû
٣Ҳ֮
ôľ룬ûӹٵ֡
ʥһƣȻݣҲΪ˸Ľīаˡ
īܹʥ˫۾￴Ĺâ
̨ϵĺܶˣҲˣһЩǿʿֱй˺ܶྵ񣬿ԸĹۿⳡսϸڡ
ǿʥĹâܶ˶̲סһ
󣬺ܶ˾Ϳ˳īϵı飬ȫסˡ
ΪīЦ
ûȷЦЦݿȥǳã
ǡһɳĮпҪˣͻȻ俴ˮԴһ
˶īЦˣ
ӼӪеЩˡӵ̲סԳɵĹԵˣͷˣȻЦó
˼Һ׵õ˻ݣǹ˼ɻķȣҲҪЦأ
̫Цˣһμô׳յˣ
¡
һʥףֱī
ͷ޾УĺأѾԽһʥ˽٣
Ϊīܻûг׼ʥľ磬ʵϣʥˣУֻһȼ׼磬ǲϿɵģ
ԣϸ˵𾳽ĳīѾԶʥ˽ˣ
Ȼ£˻ôˡ
īûмκηֻ˫ȭʥһƣݺݵĶԺȥ
ЦУȴһƬ䣡
һȭƴ޾ɱˣֱӺʥϡ˫һֱӳ˷ɢȥݺݻڷγɵķĻ档
ǹĻһ΢
ˣ̲ס
ʥΣīȴ˿û
ʥУ¶һĨ˼ɫôܣ
ߣȻⲻˣī̧֣һȭʥ
ɵ֮ԡִͬʱī
һȭƽ棬ȴԾ춯أ
̨ûпһȭˣʮ֮˾šΨˣӳīУܵ쳣Щʥʿȫһ㵡ȻܹݳīһȭǻԼһȭҲǸеԵֵ
ôܣ
ԭһֱӼҴʥʿֱվ
ߣʥʿһĻȫһǵУޱ貵Ĺâ
֮£˹âֵĵһ
⺢ӣ
һսˣ
ʱ򣬵һīףѾڳīϡʥϣ¶ϲ֮ɫ·𿴼ͷǿӲԵˣʥýĳ
Ǿϲı飬ֻάһɲǣ˲ͽϡ
Ϊһ޷ܵףڳīϣţ뺣ʧӰգ
īУһ̺֮ĵ̨ڷţֱӽһʥ׸ˣ
ⲻܣʥӣ˲һƬҡ׼ʥͷԣҲȫû취ݳīϵ׷ʲôôܲʥ˽٣
䣡
īһȭѾ䵽ʥš
ʥʱ򣬲ʶ̧ӭ
꣡
һ죬ʥֱۣȻֱӱīһȭѣ
죬ͬӼӪеЩ˶УһǶըףըðǣ
ʥһ̴ٵĲҽС
ţīȭͷһ㣬ʥϡƵ֮ߣʥʿľ
ۣ
ʥֱһѪ
īһĹֱӴˣ
òԶǿаѸīսţȡһɢŲϢսìսììϣһĨʺ졣ƺ˭Ѫ
߱į֮̀ϣ˾
һӼҾȻСʶ̲ס𾪣˵˳
ʥӽмŵҩǵҩȻƣѸٵĻָš
ͷУӼɥȻΪʥ١
ʥһ˫Ųûгʤ׷ĳī˵īҳϡ֮ǰС㣬㻹Ҫ
ҾֳҪľͷī˵ţȡ߱죺һֱѹսɣĻ㣡
ϻ˵ʥҲѾֱۣӳī
һΣϣֱӱޱȿֲϢ
Ϣ޽ӽʥˣ
īͬҲˣ׽Ӷ̨УϵʥϢҲŨ
Щսߣһȫ𺳵ĿɿڴġҪǴһʼڹսЩֲ壬ʥ˽١˭ˣ
Ϊʥʼɥӵֿ٣īȴʼڿ
һףī嵱Уȫûиоһ㣡
һ
ֳ֪жˣͷ
ϣ
ʥе߱ìݺݴī
ìһĨѪȥޱ죬ɢŲ˼Ϣ
īֳֵ߱죬ʱϢʺĵϣֱҪʵˣ

ݺݶԺһ
ʥ۵һҽУȻɿ߱ì͵ĵ˳ȥ
ʲô
˵ɴ۾һ𺳡


1471 ׼
һЩʥʿڸոյһûп׷ʲô˫ֻཻôһ˲ʥôֱɿ߱ìѪɳȥˣ
Ψˣʲô
Ӽмʥʿֱվͳȥ
һӼҵĴʥϱʿ߶µĺ˺ԭ򣺡Ȼš֮
ϣô˾֮ͨܡܣһӼҵĴʥ
ߣĵӰԵˡΧЩȴԵĸо˿̵顭ޱã
ħŮһͣ˫޵ǲŵɫ
ӵһƷ磬ƷҲһۿҡͷЦңҲ֪£ҪǸսʱ򣬾ôƴҹûˡ
̫ǿˣ
֮յ
룬һʿ˵Ľѣ١
Ȼǵ澳ϴڣҲ޷ر⡣ʮԪĴ١ǻأ
٣޷ġ
֮˵ȫ٣٣Դ
ֶΣȻϴ˵Ҳһ޷ܾջ󰡣
˲뵽㣬ЦҡҡͷûôţǺԼĵ˭᲻ߣ
Ķ᲻ô
ǻϲЩǡ
īոպʥһ£õľ֮
̨УѾ˳˫ıУһͰʥɳȥ
㲻ɥӵôûϵҿ԰㳢һٵζ
ʥ벻īȻֶΣȻ뵽ˣҲܲ
ȻһУֻǸոտʼ
Ǹ߱ìʥ֮ƺҲܵ˴ΣҪƿնȥֱͷƷȥ
īе߱죬ȴವһ·˳ȥȻݺݵĲն߱ì֮ϡ
һɲǵĹ߱Ѿնڵ
УǿֲĽӵľ죬סʥٵ
ĶԺ䣬ȫԽʥٵ
ţǰѵǰ׵
ˡ߱죡ǰѴ˵ĵ
кܶϱҲȻȻûϴ־磬ǵȴ̫ḻˡʶҲൽͨĴʥĵز
ǰѵ֪̫ˡ
֮ǰǳīҲûܽ𺳵ֵز˿̣ǿ߱췢ȫסˣ
ǰ׵Ȼˣ
˵˭ǰѵ˭ͻ𣿡
ϣܹסǰѵˡ
ϱɵǸ
֮£ӰȻʣɽһɢʥϢ
һϴʥ̲ס˵ĵ̡ɲ⡭ɲѽ
¡¡
е׵磬ڲϵī
ʥǱߣΪشɥӵļԦҲɥʧ˼֡
ˣʥףƿɥӣݺ
ʥɫ԰ףϵļϵĸַϵıīЩۺ졣ִʥֱ಻ʤ
ҲûʲôáΪīݶɽ١
ѡսʽôͲҪˣī𣺡ս
һħվգٵĳƮ裬һѪ졣
֮ϣ߱ڿն߱ìܹо߱ìڲϱ˥
һȻƵϡšڴʥУһԵֿһ澳ϴںܶι
īʥԼսȫһĵУҪʥֲ
⻹ûж֮Ե¡īֳ̫˫۾ڷսĵԣһսҪķɣֲܽеĵƶ¶ǰ
ЩѾ㹻ˣ
ĺ֮£ʥˣܿƵ˷ıԵ
Ϊ˫սֲ̫ˣһЩ߱ȽϽʿ˴е㲻ŷķʶԷȥ
䣡
īʥһȭԺһӿ֮ʥСƻʥһС
㲻ɽôҳȫ㣡īŭȡ
У֮ѾƬճҡ
ЩѾ޷Ḷ́ʥʿҲֻǿšΨмˣܿһС
ž
īһƳʥϣֱӽʥԴϡã
ʥѸ飬Զ֣һѪľѾ˥ܶࡣ
һ˫УûµƣϣҲû޵еʣµģֻ޾ľֺ͡η壡
īһȭȥֱֱһȭûκΡʥȴ޷رܣֻӲ⣡
Ȼ󣬴֮˳ųīȭͷӿ籡
ʥڿѪ
ʱ˿̣Ѿ̫סˡӼӪߣˣȫʶվ۾һգգĿһĻ
ˣȫָоսƺҪˣ
ȻûС
ʥͻȻһӼӵܡûث֣
̨ʼձ侲ĴʥӳϣͻȻ䱬һŭ𣺡Ҫ
Ѿˣ
ʥ壬ȻըѪ
Ȼ¡¡𣺡֮Ѫ׼棬ɥ֮ӣΪҸ𣡡
ʥѪɲǼ䣬뵽˲֮ڵֵٵɥ档
ʱɥӹ⻪ţ
ȻĻһΣȫڹâ֮С
ϿȻʥ
Ȼһط׼ԼɥΪһˣ
⣬ҲӼϡҲпһط
һѡʹطҲ͵ȥˣֻʣһɥ档ȻϴڣҲ޷
Ҳ˵ʥһ̣Ѿˣֻʣһ
ʥף˲ʧȥĿ꣬ųīӿ
̨ϣӼӪ߰Ұʥӳϵˮ䡣Ҷαѡ·īҪʬΣ
ߣȻڣүȥ
ܼ˵עǫ̈̄Уλĸս棬Ȼ˸е𺳡𺳵ģǴʥӳϣǸİĳ
һոճʥõʿѵ˵λҲһױȵս
ЩѾȥôˡΪ̨еսٴα
ɥΪһʥЮɱֱɱī
һΣսֱΣ
飡
ֻһ㽫īɡ
īУڿѪ
㲻Ǻ𣿡
㲻Ǻ𣿡
㲻ǽšҪһɱ𣿡
ѽ
ʥдӴ⡣
ī壬ײ̨ԵĹĻ֮ϣֵ˻⻰ЦЦ˵ʵɥΪһ壬д⡣˺㣡
˵䣬īȼУһϽѪ
ţ澳֮壬Ϣ


1472 ʥ
̨ϵˣһ̣ȫ޷ˡӼӪеЩˣȫ׵ĸˡ
׼ɥΪһ֮󣬻ӵǲ֪ΪӹӼһδǵģʥǵһ
ȻһΪһ֮ʥսҲﵽʥ磬áҲʥ۷壡
һīôֻһˣȻһ㣿
ܣ
ӼҼϱĴʥȫ𺳵վ˼ĿһУŵϴǵ۾Żâĳī
һϱӼҴʥͻȻѪϿֲʡǡǡ
һϱӼҴʥӹޱȳصĵ澳֮塭
䣡
ĸ֣С硣
˶Ϣ𺳵ó˵
Ƕʿʿĸ֪澳֮ʲô˼ģ
ֻڴ˵еʣôܻ
ʱһһĳϣҲһ¸صϱʥͻȻ˵ϣƺоȫţ£ӦĪе
仰ͬǹ˵ġ
ڳЩˣǶʲô䣿ʶȫȫ
ո˶Ѿ˵ˣ²һжʱһС
һһ
澳֮壡
е
Ѫ
֮
ǰѾ׵
ҴսУܹоīյĶԶڿЩ
ϣôĴˣ
ƽ
̫ƽˣ
ӼӪߵˣֱҪ̼÷
ָоǴûй
̨УīѾ嵽˸ɥΪһʥǰ˫չޱײеս
Ȼ˲²ⳡƲԵȵսȴһƾеĳ棡
鲻īϵƣڲϵС
Ϊǿֲ٣ֻʣ³īһĿ꣬ϵĺ塣
ûʱ̤ʥ˾ĳīڶʥ˽٣
Ҳ˵ÿһʥףóīʥ硭һ
˵ʥ׼ԼѪɥΪһ塣ֻʣ¾ɥ֮ϡսȻõ˲˼ȴʧȥеĵ
ֻʣһɥӣսܡ
澳һȽȽʥһֻʣ¾İʥĽ
˫һԺ䣬˳ȥ
Ȼٴκݺײһ
ʥѾû·īСīһҲû˹
Ų֮ϣǽ֮У׽١˶֪īʥ˽١Ѿ뵽β
һոµʥˣҪˣ
ʥҲˣڷŭĹī
ʱĵԲһĻˡ
ǱߵӼ߱ìڱ߱նˣ
߱ìնϵһ˲䣬һֻ֣⽵٣͸ؽƣƺҪ߱ìץߡ
ʱ򣬽ߣһϵСӴܣ˲ʲô˵㿴𽪼ң
һ˲䣬ʱֱӱסˣ
û֪ʲôֻоԼ඼ˣ
ֳ˵֮⣬īָо·嶼Լˡ
ޱȾУһī궨סȻڸոֻץһɲǣīһ궼Ҫĸо
ֲֻ֪Ҫץ߱ìҪԼһߣ
ǽӪУǲϵ֣вס꣬һ£ҲҪش
ʱ䱻ˣӪУǲϵȴÿһ˵ĶС
Ȼ󣬾ͼһ٣˳·һֱӴץֻ֡
񡭡㾹Ȼ£
ۣ֮һ
ǽҵĵҪ֤ƽϵ²𣬵ȴĴֻ֡
ټ̵ֻϵһ˲䣬ֻವһ˻ȥȻ󣬲֮۴һŭ׮ǵˡ
ߣǲϵɡ
ʱһֱڻ֮µĵϣ͵ıһۻƵϢϢһѽ
ⱻ̵ĿռУֱնֻ֮ȥĴ֡
¡¡𣺡׮£
㣿СҶۣ֮һǳ⡣
ֻ֣ȴøˣ
ûпǰѽֱӱնָ
ָӲ֮۵䣬֮µĵǾ˾˶һ㲹
˵ţӡһ֮ʱ޴ƥָ֮ī嵱ȥ
ۣ֮ޱŭС̤Ǹˣ
֮£Ц޷
նָĴ֣ʧ
ˣСеһУ˲ָ
˶֪ʲôСһƬţûһ
߱콫߱ìնϣ߱ìĿֲ
߱ììһĨ۵Ѫ˲䱻߱ա߱ǱѪɫ˲øѤĿ
¡¡
׵磬һ̣䵽ī嵱С
ǧ׵
һأһ˲ֱ׺
̨֮ϣѾûܹסˣӻ֮վ𣬻Уһ˫ޱȹеĿƬ׺Ϊǳסֻ顣
ľת˳ī塣
һʥϢڴӳī嵱б
Ǻ嫵׺Ϣĳ֮£˲Σ
ٱϡ
īʥ
վգīһץסɥΪһ壬εʥһ춯صŭȻһ˺
ΣīӲġ˺룡
˷һû˵ֳһƬš
īվ⻪ţˣһֲħ
Уһֻץһʥʬ壬Ǿʥľ񣡱īֱ˺飡
ʬ棬ʥľһʧ
ӼӪĿ̨֮ϣʥӳһƨ˶Ҫˡݺᣬ߶ţҵĺĺòңĺòţ
ʬУʥľ񳹵ɢ֮һɳī޷ֱֵӽʬΪһ壬Ȼ»ɥӵģ
īҪòͻ¯ѹΪ
ɥڳīƴĺ֮
ʱ򣬵Ĵ뵽˳īľʶУſɣ飬ǿӲѹҲԱӡ
īһźƲƲӣȻɿ֡
ˣ
ɥӷһ˲뵽ûɢĽƵУʧӰ١
īվǣңӼӪ߸ߵͷ­Ȼһָӳϣ
ʥӳϣȻ̧ͷ˫⣬ֱӳīһްС
̨ĽҴʥȵӳϣ̨쾭塣㣬ҪΥ治ɣ


1473 սʥ
ߣҲˣվīһսҵս
Ҳӣսˣɣ
ߣĻӵܣȫȭ
̫ˣ
̫ˣ
оһڶ˲ȫ
ʥһХ
Ȼվǣ૵ңȻǲϲ㣬ɵúãɵƯӦ
û˵һ˫Уâ˸ҲƵļ֮ɫȻΪҪȴڴ˿̣ҲƲסѪڷڣ
ûĵĻһȭͷô
ӵƷ͸˵ˣӵϣâתڸոճīʥһ˲䣬УȻĴ
ɽ٣ӵҲĳɹʥ
ͺӳʦ۾ˣС߱󣬳ªϣǼ֮ɫվǣĻӶȭͷ

񫣡
ģ
ץƷֱۣһ˲䣬ܺˡ
ǳīָӼӪеĴʥӳϣȳǾ䣺ӳϣһ˲䣬ȻףΪʲôƷӵ콾Ƴī
һž޵Ķ콾
¡ҶࡢħŮ䣬ʱҲȫ˵
һ˲䣬Ľͬǣ̫ʿīİȼеѪ
ˣѹء
ӼӪеˣ̲ס͵͵ĻӶ˼ȭͷ
ʱ򣬴ʥӳϣվǣҧгݣĿĶ̨ĽҴʥˣսң
ʥޱĵѪͷ㲻ܸһְɣսĹأǳīʥԳ
ظƨӳ϶ʱŭˣҶӶɱˣ
ôɱѽʥͷ̧۲޶ԣԱ׵ӳϿÿһۡ
ãããǽңȻǹġӳȻ󣬺Ҿɱ
īվĸ̤ʥָ֮оÿһδ󾳽ĸܣȫͬġ̤𾳽ʱָоΪԡԽսȫͬĸܡ
뵽ʥָоǲͬ·磬һӡ
ʥе磬ԭӵġīϣ¶һ˿΢ЦȻң̨ĽҴʥ˵ǰʣսĹأ˭ģ
ʥ΢΢һже㲻ã˵⺢ӣôô֪ôòΪԼʥˣͿԸһʥ࿹˰ɣʥԷʵʥ˾磬ȻܶԸģ
ǲ֪ͬܲӳϵĶ֣˵īҪǸˣ
Ҳ˵Ҵʥ˽Ϊվѵȥ⣬īȻҪĸ׸ǰ;ͷչ
Ŷ㣬޵£ҲᳬһɣȴѾʥˣ
ڵʥˣݹ򣬲˵δй٣൱еģ
ԣڽҴʥУΣҲҪסīġ
ʱӳϴȵûУû˹涨ⳡսĹأҪսңȻسŵԷʵʥˣ
Ҳˣŭīһ
ͬһĿʼվڻ֮£ûµĵõڣٻī
ȴ˼Ŀ̨ϵĳīûиܵĿ⡣ǲܵ飬Եʥ۷ʵô֪Ŀ⣿ֻĿ
ī˵𼱣ĶӣνծӳȻծӱͷ󡣡
Уһֺγ֪һսգֱʤô
ֱǿЦ
ıʤģʥãӳʲô磿˼Ǵʥ
ȻѹƵʥ˾磬Ҳʥ۷壡
֮֮ս˼һѾѹƵʥ˳ôɵӶ֪ᣡ
ս
ңóԵıʤС
䵱ҲһüͷΪʲôݵݣֻһڳӵܵĽ
ҪߴЩ֪׻ƴˣث֣
Ȼӡ޾£ǱӡģҲǾ磬ǵġκˡӡ˵ģ
į̄ĽҴʥǰǲʶôֻǰ֪ⳡսԼĸף˭϶һ
ҵĴʥĬţʶͻȻӵһδЩѵĵͷǺðɣȻԼû
ȡ
ʱ򣬵Ȼˣú԰ɣ
˵ΪִߣԳ棬ԳǷּиģ
ȻЩ㶡
ֵ
Ȼв֮ɫȴףԼͷˡô˵棬˼ûκκô
ðɣһε¡ûнԼĶСģΪǷϻһʥʿ˭֪ҪСģ
һĿԼĻ֣Ȼ֪Լĸ粻ẦīҲΪīܹսʤӳϵʵ
ûнֻͣǾվ￴š
ʱӳϺҽȥ˰ɣ
ʥ˵ȷӡľ磬Ҫ顣
㡭ӳϱ̣ȴ޿κΡֱֻ˹Լľ磬ӡʥ˾硣
̨ĽҴʥһۣ˵ܺãʥ˾ۣӳϴʥֶΣƳ뻯
⻰̵ζʮ㣬Ǹ˾
ӳϸ⣬˵ֻ˵ӡʥˣûΥذɣ
̨ܣһ󲻿ɶƵ˶п̫Ҫˣ
ȷӳϵ̸Υŵԣֻںܶ˿ȫһʥʿؽȡ
Ҳв˱ʾ⣬ϾսīָոմɱĶӡӳϸУҲǿġʿ֮սҲȷûʲôԡ
̨ĽҴʥ˵ûΥԽȥˡ˵ţֱǷ֮ϣһŻ
һ֣úܶΪ֮𾪡ҶԷƿأѾۺˡȻڷ濪һŻ
ӳϣҲ̲ס΢΢ۣĿ˸һ˷ڲһīǰ˵̧־һƣ
Сȥ
һ̶̣һ̶ȣ
ֻ룬̵ʱ䣬ֱӽī£
Ϊһ̤ʥʿȻʵѹƵʥ˾۷壬һ֣Ȼʥơ
֮ϣһ¡¡ľ죬޾ľӳһһųīɱ
̨ڲȫӳϵĳ
īһһ̣Ȼֱӳӳһӭ˹е߱죬˸ޱȵѪɫâƬӲĸһͨ
񵶷īʩչ
¡¡
īУд֮ں
ڷ⣬â澳֮еټϽѪںһʥ磬ڱ
ӳϵĳס


1474 ʥ
أ
̨ڣһ죬âһ̨̣ܹڷʲôˣָ
īڵˣϵĹǴѿѪ˳ʳȥʮҡ
𷢳һ۾ˮһӾ˳һԵĳ֣𼱣
ôܲĸģīˣôܲųīĽŲģ絶һ뵽ЩûǰɳĶӣ׳˶ƵĿѣ־˶ʹĥ
ȻڿͰοż𣬵ֺγܣ
ϣǣһˣһ˵ġֻǸ˵ĸĸ
ɽضĸƺֺ嫡
֮µĵҲ¶еı飬һ˫Уģһɼ֮ɫ
׾˾ˣĥȻͬѹͬ˴ʥӳϴ˿̵״̬
˵ֳ˽Ӫе֮⣬Ҳֻеڵһʱ䣬Ѿӳϴ˿̵״̬
ܶ˶˳ī״̬ΪâУī˵Ӱܶ˿ŲģҲ
û˿ӳϣΪھ˿ӡʥ۷ӳϣܳκ⡣Ҫ򲻹īǲмˣ
˵ѹ˾磬ֻһʥ۷徳ʿһոƤӵʥʿҲʮþȡôܻ⣿
ƫƫͳ⣡
һǴ⣡
⣡
ʥӳϣѹ絽ʥ۷֮󣬾Ȼīһˣ
̨âʼɢԽԽ˿һĻ̨ܵĿ̨֮ϣˡȫըˣ
ûһƬţеģһƬȻ
û˸һĻģѾǲ˼ˣֱǸܷ飡
ΪӳϾôѹľսȴǲ۲۵Ĵʥ
ʥжǿ˵һ㣬ڳЩʿϿɵġǾǣʥȫһʥʿ֮£࡭Ҳ͸о۶ѡ
ǵģǼˣ
Ǻۣ
ʹñе£ʥҲͳһе˿ڡѪˡȴ˼ͷ
ʥ־磬Ѿղˡ˭Ҫ˺˺ġ
ֻĺӣҪɱͲ˭٣ȻϴڣҲûǸ
˵Ǵʥе࣬˴ʥ־磬ǵУѾߵһּˡ
īôǿҲһո̤ʥ˾ʿжߵĵУ
ʱ򣬺ܶ˵Ŀ⣬䵽˳īǰѪɫ档
ˣǰѵ
ǰѾ׵
ǰԪǰѾĿֲ֮
īȻĿԼԦǰѵ
ôģ
̨Уʥӳϣ壬Ŭһ顣˿棬ȴĿֲֹ飡
ڣӳϷһ춯صŭ壬γһˣȴڲϵıСţӳϵϣ㱬һɺ嫵Ϣ
ʥ
Ȼָ˴ʥľ磡
̨ĽҴʥȵӳϣҪΥŵ𣿡
䣡
ԭֻǷķ˲䱬һĺϢϢУɱָӳϡ
ʱӳϵ洫Ұˡ
˷˵ͣһſŵϴɵɵĿ̨УʥϢȻƴ飬϶Ϊһӳϡ
ӳϵɫ쳣Ĳ԰ףصĴ֮ˣҪʱԼԴһĻָȻѾָʥ磬ʵϣѾʧȥ˾ųս
īգͷڷƮ裬Ѫ졣ķУ澳֮лָڣϽɫѪȫ޸еĴˡĿӳϣûȥ𹥻ҲûĶද
ʵϣڸոһնȥʱ򣬳īһͰӳϸնˣ
𾳽ʱ򣬾Ѿӵ˻ɱʥ˵Ѿ̤ʥ˾ɱӳϣ治һôѵ顣󣬳īǾʱһ
һնȥѾ㹻׵ˡѾŵ̫ˡǿֶΣī׼ŲáԼȫ¶Ŀ֮¡ǽӳϻɱҲǿҵ״̬
˵˾ڳī˵˵ͷһʱԼ˽˵С
ӳȻûҲԲܣҪ׻ָһ׵顣ԣīеǿڶҲǳһ߰˷֡ӳϳο֮ҲưոݣӼҸ֮ĹϵҲѾͬˮԺɱеǻᣡ
̨ĽҴʥҲ¶֮ɫ̨еӳϣûͣ·󣬶ǳʵǡˣ
ӼӪ˿̣ˣȫһܾı飬Ŀѵġ
ܵˣҲȫһţҴһ¡
̨Уӳɫ԰ףӶЩǵͷҡˡ
̨ĽҴʥɲף仰ֱ֮Ӵڶսīʤӳϰܣ
仰˵̨ܵĿ̨֮ϣȴӪ߿ʼһƬĻȻ
ţ⻶˷ӼӪǱߣȻһƬ֮⣬ˣһ˷ܣ
һ˵ӼҸӣңһ˸˫ɱ
ʥӳϣڸոʥĳīǰͷ䣡
ϣб⻹ŵ
ֱ̫ʿˣ
ߣˣȫһ˷ܡȻڻӪһǣôһȺˣӼҲࡣ
֧
ǵкܶˣīĿУ䡣
̨ĽҴʥٴοڣӳϣսˣٳ֣ǾˡȷѾˣ𣿡
ӳ̲סһŭĿ򽪼ʥ˵ÿһ̣Ǿ޴ļ尾ҵĴʥȴڷϵˣˡ
ԣӳϵķ·淢
Ҵʥŵͷɴĳ̨ķ
ڷʧһ̣ӳϵӰ˲ʧˡ
ͬʱȴƥɱƷΣվĳī͵ȥ
磬ƥ


1475 ֮
ӪУߣͬʱŭȡ
һԾ٣ԽҵӪٴγ֣ٶȿ쵽˼飬ɱȥ
ߣĵֱӼһӡɢźƵ޾Ϣֱѹһأ
ɱٺ͵ӡͬʱѹ֮£Ȼ顣
ʧΡ
վĳīʵһ亹
ʵ̫죬Ҳ̫ͻȻˣ
ʾЩ⹥ٶȡ
֮ǰܾܻͻȻʩɱ֣һ٣ߵ٣ִڵ棬뵽Ȼеӳ͵Ϯī
īԼҲЩ˾衣
ɱʧһ˲䣬īһ˫ֱۣߣĿ⣬˻֧Ǹ
˱ٶȸ졣١
ϵӡɱֱ֮ӾͳŻ֧ȵĶ졣
Ҳ⵽˵ֿ
һе£ֱӳͬʱǷۻϢ٣һʱҲЩκβá
ʱ򣬵Ĺˡ
Ȼǵӡⷽѹ˵ĴӡֱӴγɵķݺ˵ͷ­档
飡
˵ͷ­ֱӾըˣһһʲôԪʲôӡǣһ˲䣬Ĩøɸɾ
ûܻ׽ûѶֻĻɱ
ֶΣҲʵˡ˵ˣڲĺܶˣҲǵһμĻɱˡ
ֶΣޱȸɴ࣡
ַɿջأǴû
˷һƬš
ʱ򣬻֧Ӫһ̾ϢΪ̶ԩҵȲ
һ𣺡ͬΪ´˶֣
֮£Ȼ֮ţûлش𡣲Ҳ˻شǷӡٴμ˵֮ˡ
֧ӪУɶƵľζû뵽͵̵ĵһξȻ˸ɴ࣬˺
䣡
һ˵ͷ­顣
˵ĵӡһ޽ķٶȿ쵽û취ڵĴ߶֮£һֲĴɱȻͬ׵ĴʥҲֵ
һˣȫ
һ£֧һҲûһ˸˵һ仰
ǧǰͶӼңӼ̫ӲԽӼгΪӼһ峤ϡ
һһϵϱʥվ˵ǧǰͶһ壬һϴںԽӼгΪһ峤ϡ
Ӣ䣬ԾǧǰͶǧ𣬳Ϊǧһս֮һһУ֤ȷ䡣ʺ񣬸䱳壬δΪһֱûжȡվȻͬӵͻɱ֣Իڡͨѹ
˵ϱʥüס˫ۣ˵Уմ֤ݣһЩ֪أѪͳˣΪ֮
˵֮󣬵𣬹սգڴİ֮£ݻʧС統С
ֻ𺳵˵ˡ
ʥӳѾʧȥӼȺˣոֱһΣǵһ棬̫Ӳƣ˼ֱӵֱ޴档
£Ǹ޴ӱ粵ΪʵȻӼӵ֪ܶ£ٲָ߲ȴ֪
ʵҲ㲻һôص£ֻǰ˭û뵽͵Ϊʮĵһӱǿơúܶ˸е𾪺Ͳ˼ġڴ֮ǰˣ͵͵ĹܵСĩ
ƽ֮Ӧû˸ôˡ
ѩǱߣѩ鿴һߴľĵܵѩᣬ̲ס̾Ϣһ뵽ܴܵ˿̵ĸܡһдľ
ī̫ˣһǿߣǿϢ
ʵǣ
˵֮ǰīʥǻ뷨ΪīĿֲսеԾ
ڣ뷨ûˡΪīѾȺ˵ĲΣ̤߾ˣ
Ҳ˵ɹʥֻ˵һ˴ʥӳϡ⣬Ѿȫ˼ͬʿ֪ˡȫ콾һһš
Ǵȱ۽磬ģĸӵ޵е
˿ǵУīѾ׵ĳԽǣңңȵӰǶĵز
ֻЩϱܸᲢˡ
һ˲䣬֪жˣͬʱͷ
ѩҲ˵ֱվһįĳȥѩ鿴һ۵ܵܵıӰֿ˿Ĭĸѩֻ̾ϢһҲͷˡ
ʱǱߣͻȻ䴫һͳĻ˵ĻȴҪ뿪ˣȫͣ˽Ų
壬ںܶУһͷս˥ϵȻѾʽ΢㣬죬֮ڴʿѾˣҲĿʼЩʽ΢Ѫԣȴδʧȥִһֱ죬һ㣬δԣ˭Ը𣿿ӣйʳǡֻҪҲͬѪֻҪȲηսΪȱ
˵ģʮŻ弧磬˵֮󣬱㰲
̨СһƬţšһƬȻ
塭Ȼ·
ѾǶûйˣһλʿѾǶǰˣû˼ǵˡ
ֱ֣ʵ̫ˡ
ǿƣֲʧؽȡ
ĿУӦеķ緶
ûҲߴĶ콾ͶЧ˼һֱһɽȻ
ûü뿪ӼӪʿ֮˵ɫ˲һƬ࣡
Ҳ˵⡣ԭΪ˸īΪ£ߴľ콾

ףѾˡߴľ콾κһ嶼뷨콾֮Ա֮Ϊ콾ôģ
ڸԵĴǵһ嵱һԱսȥѡ
ǻսأ
Ȼǲͬģ
Ѿ̫ûļʿˣԣ֮ǰܶȻģȴЮ޾ƣʤҲ֪ѹͽֶ
ֱʱ˺ͣ
˭ܵס
īվǣϴЦݣУķΨҾҲһ̣ٴγ
Ȼûֱӽ뵽ĲΣȴһС̨ס
˷޾뵽嵱С
ȻģӪ
ֵڿ
ͬڿ
裬иףڿ
ңһ΢Цվǻӭ


1476 
йУϲõϢеĻӵܣȫſĵЦݡΧۼŴߴ콾
һ֣ǳսǰһۣսֶѹڲ棬˹ļӢۡϳīһʤͷ˲ǹĹ塣
Ȼںܶ˵УȻǸĺȻߴ콾ĿУȴȻ׳һͷޡȻɺȻ
޴ṬУʵױ˷ܻǾнĲμӵⳡ統С
Ѿȥ뿪ʳ̫ã̫ҪȥΪʴļȴˣЦݣŸףһһӼЩ뵽ѪҺ
棬īӰҲǼġīԼû뵽ôʵǳġ
˿̣¡ӵƷ硢ͺӺ㼸һһϣ̸ЦʱһЩӴߴʿһĸк
ʱ򣬼ʥޱ߹Ȼںܶ˲ע£ųīʩһ
Ϊӣüʥʩˣ˻ĳ֮⣬֮١ƽˣʥⱲӻûи˭ʩء
ԣἧʥīʩֱò˾ˡ
Ҫ
ʥųī˵ϲǲϲѾʼеˡ棬ʵ֤ǺġΪȥǸ
ī΢΢һЦ˵ˣЩ飬˾ǷˣѾȥˡ
ʥ΢΢һ漴ͷ˵˵úãīڸ߿һۡȷԭңңҲδػԭ¡ԺҲˣллҳɳ˺ܶ࣡
ʥ˵ţһ
һĻںܶոռߴ콾У¶ֵĸж
Ȼǲʥī֮䷢ʲôΪһӣܹ֪͸ģҺ̹ȻĵھϹǸѾ㹻ˡ
˵ҲĪġ
īгɳЩ飬Ȼ֪϶ʱȥ˵һЩխĻȥɷ羰
˵ԭԭµ⡣īżʥЦЦһƣ˵ȥ֣ѾԸȥ룬ʱ䣬СʱŪ˰̣ѪĿźˣһ˰̻ϣµ˿ڣҲʱԽԽ󣬿ֻʣһӡǡҲǰųɳһ̡ԣȥˣǹȥˡ
ʥ۾ųīĻԽԽͷһ;ƣʾī˵úãܽˣ˵ţһ
īҲⱭһ
һЦȥ֣ʹ
Щ飬ȷԭԭµ⣬˰̣ˡͲܰŪû˰̻ϣ䵭Ҳῴǵãᡣ
īһխˣ꼧ʥЩΪȷī˲СĴһΣΪĸԵʣ϶׵ѡ塣
Ӧǲᣬæ붼룡
󣬴еᣬʼߴ콾ֱѡ壬ΪеһԱս
СսݣںܶУıǿ콫ʳǣĿеͥ
⣬ڻ˵ʢҲѾܶ궼ûйˡ
ͳ֮󣬽īе䣬ǻعһ½ս겻ѣΪԼӽȡõĳɾ͸е
󣬼īĴ㡣
ӣҲˣսĺѾʼ죬սһҸ϶ҪսġΪǵʹ㲻һųīȻҲŻѪ㲢ҪеЩΡʵϣܹ˭ҲҲɰ
ΪǸԤԣīʵ
ͷЩϴڵȷǷȻǿԻǧҲûоˡʵϣŻķսչǸԤԶΣҲ˺ܶࡣ
һ˵Ҹ֮޷˵ĳΪһԱеЩΣҲԭģҲ֪˴šһ棬ΪҸȷ³򣬲ô˵һڣҲѾžһˣһ棬һΣ˾Ϊ۳־㡣ȥ͹ȥˣҸҲϣڳ
īͷлллл֪ô
ĵлʲôǶǷѾ̫ࡣʲôԭɵģվǶ㲻𡣡˵
Ҫô˵ʵǵʲôʱҲûԹ޹ǣֻҵǣһΪʲôҪҲܶѡīЦţ˵Щ
һһεģ鹫֮飬û
ͳ겻ѡ
󣬳ī˵ԣҽĴ㣬ҪҵʣµѪ£ҪЩҶѣ»Ҫٴγ䡣
ʣµѪ£ͳһۣȻųīĿ𣿡
ţѾī˵ţǰٻȻģ棬߿Ѫ£ԡ
šһţǻ磿һ𺳵ĿųīеĲ
ҲͬеȣųīѪ¡Ǵҳģ
˵ǰѾȱȫû֪ĿѪµ䡣
ī˵ܾˣʱһɽ磬һżҵġ
ü΢룺ҺǼǵã滹ڵʱ̸ļ߱һȴһ׵û֪Щ²⣬Ҳرףһֱûʲôܳԣ߱ȻǶȴΪƿأû̫ϣƺȫͬˡİҿ¯˵̫Ƶһ޸йҲһ˵
ԥһ£Ȼ˵˵ͨȵõˣӦҲ̫ϡһɼѰ֪ΪʧˡٺһϴϡƺҲʧȥԭĹЧʮѪҲʣλϴڽԼĺˣȥ׻ƴս䡣С浱˵Ҫ̫ˣʮѪȫӵԣĿѪµ뿪²ʧȥԭܡƲ⣬˵ĿѪ£Ӧ÷˰˴еĸ򡣡
ЩеʲôĿѪ²ϧأü
ī΢΢һʮȻ֪ģЩѪΪʲôߣͲˡԣĸ׵Ļ֮󣬳īֱѯ˲顣
һΣĻشЩģ˵ҲǲˡӦΪѰĳֻԵ
ʱ򣬻ѪͻȻһгīɫ
ӣôˣͳȫһеĿųī
ī˵Ѫ¸ңǵߣΪѰҳ˵ն͹һӦöڱң׻Ʊг


1477 
ͼ⻰֮ȫһãȻüͷе㲻׻Ѫ˵ĳָĵʲô
ʱ򣬷ȻһŻϢ֡ͼȫЩҪӦһ׻ƱдԵڡ
ǣüɻʵ
ǻ磡ϣȴһǿҵĲɣζ·¡
˵˵𣿡ʵ
˵˵Ҳ˵ƽ
ǣѪ£ܹҵ𣿡ҲӾ츴ЩȥˣΪЩˣԳī˵ǳҪ
ԡѪ»ش
󣬱
ȻѪܹ˵ЩҲΪ֪̫ࡣЩܣǰѾûмصıҪ
ͬʱҲ߳īѪǿҵġ
ǿҵѪ£ҾͿԾȻˡīĿޱȼᶨ£˵ǵҪ顣
˵ǸЩ׻ƴ磬ȻûбӡȴսݽߡѾǿʿˡ˵ڵ꣬ȴкܶྪž޵ĴʿԱġв˵ˣǱЩʿľˡ
ͷҲ˵ģе㲻ͬ
ųţ
һ۳īеĲ˵˵ΪرѹˡԲʹǸطսݽߡ
üѪ˵ǸжĹϵ
ν񣬼ʵҲ˵ŷ
ϰ飬Ӵ˺ɳ׳ѳȥ֮⣬еС
ֻ׻ƺͱУܴʲôأ
ҲΪѪ˵ѡ
ʱ򣬳ī˵Ȼ֪ѪڱҲ͹ˣʲô񲻳ģ⣬̫ңԶ˵㡣
ͳͬʱͷЦ˵ҲǣгҲûʲôϵȻˣһ˱ˡ
˵ȥĻߣģҸ㴫λãֱͨȥǱѰѪ¡
дĻȻáīͷ
һڽ̸īȥ
ͳȻҲŶһǰ򣬵ȴߵÿߣѾһЩսʱòսҲҪȺ
պ󣬳īȺ¡ӵƷ˴С
¿ӵȻ֪ҪȥʲôԼౣأģҶ䣬һչ˺á
īЦЦҲûȥʲôǾͶлˣǺڡ
ҡҡͷ𼱰һҪ˵ء
ţīŽ¡
Щ꿴ȥƺ׻ƴҪѾ̫ûг־ž޵콾ˡҵһ䣬ǱߣСĵ㡣ǵطܿһϴڡ
ôܣīɴ۾Ž£㲻ڹŻҰɣ
ŻʲôҡҡͷΪϴȫǳģʵˣ֮ǰȫ԰˴򡣼Ҹҵʼ棬ǳ׻ƴġ£ѵû˸˵
īһͣû˸˵
ǾЩ˵Ҳûʲôɣ˵ܶ߳ƵĴܣǼƲ⣬Уܿһϴڡ²ܹȷдʥǿߣȴǺܶ˶֪ġȥǱߣԼһҪСġ
īԽµǸ£ӦˡΪĸ׼𶼲֪ȻĻһġ
ÿ˵㲻үүҲ˵㲻šҲһʿһܾϣһܹıһеҲԤ˵ûԣҵ㳹׵߸Ƭһ졣ʱ򣬱ҵѾͺˡЦ˵
̫߿ˡīЦЦ漴¸ȥ
ӵƷ缸˵֪īҪߣҪīһͬǰ
īҡҡͷ磬磬жɩͺӸ磬ǻȻɡⳡսǶʱܴġŪãһճ־õսҪ飬ǾԼʵ١ҲҪȳʥȻٿǲս顣ȻĻսҲδػ̫õĽ
ī˵ĺʵڣҲ֪˵ʵ顣ӵ룬յͷӦгīڣʱԼ뵽壬Ҳһʱ
ӵųī˱֮УҪ𣿡
īͷҪϵҺܶѵ
ˡӵͷƷ綼֪īеָ˭
Ʒ˵ȥҲãǱҲûʲô̫ΣգʵӦÿǺˡ
ӵȴҡҡͷδأ
Ʒ΢΢һ
ӵ˵ҪСκһ򣬾׻ƴ棬ҲδǺߡ
ƷЩȴҲûгԷ
īЦЦİλ磬Ҳµġ
ҲǣС˾죬ΣգҲһ׻ƷЦ˵
󣬳īС
˿̴ĻˣѾ׷ȥ׼ػʳǣ׼ս
ҲֻʣĻӵܡ
ǶԳīѡʾ⣬漴ʾīЩ֧һȻȥˣһưոݵġ֧ܶеǿߣЩϴ֮ǣ̫ˣһҪСĽ
ī˵İɣһЩˡ
˵óʱҪԥ
īͷ
󣬴Ǳ˸ĸīӵƷһͬ·صС
ӵ׼ʥ٣ƷҲ׼ʥ˾ͺŬ׷ϡ
֮󣬳īûжֱͣȥĸ׸˵Ĵպ󣬳īӰ˽뱱ڴ
ʱĳīȥѾȫһˡһɫľװŷ٣ȥʮģͭɫļʮֿ
ڴ˼īûκһʿһͨһ̣һǿĿռΧ˲Ϣ֮䣬·Խ޾ʱա
īӰٴγֵʱѾ˱
⣬һİ硣
ǰеǶԡ
ī֮ʿֱ˺ð졣ֱīҪȥʿеһŴŵǰԳī˵λѣ򡭡кιɣ
īһʻˣа̾ڱϿȷЩûˡڵʿȻ
ҲҪ𾳽ʿ
ʿīΪԸ˵̬ȱøӹ
ǣܷǼһ£Ȼͷд˹ʡҲý
ī΢΢üǼǣ˭Ĺ涨
ʱԶգһɵĲһӰԶٶ൱졣ͬʱ˵ҵĹ涨


1478 ̫
˵䣬ӰѾ˳īǰһӣüĿ˫֣´ųīУ͸һĨм֮ɫ
һ
ңľ磬ͣӦѾﵽ۷Ρ
ʱڵʿһʩ񣺡ˣ
꿴ûһۣĿĿųīǲǾñҪմˣʶģ͹صȥʵʵǵ˰񡣱򣬲ĵط
ǿӲ̬ȣóīЩ⣬΢΢ü˵ⱱ˲
ܴƤЦⲻЦĵҲþܶˣʵ㣬ʮ֮󣬱ʱԵټúдһҽʱһˣܴҵҡ
˵ţųīڣذɡ
īҡҡͷҲأ
ǾƲԳԷˡƺϵīѡʼ磬˵˵һѾնҪ˵ˡĸҲû
ī˵ǲ
˵ţ̧ȱߣ˶
Ц
ֱӶԳīˣ
һһͼһչ֮汬嫵ǳ֮ųīֱѹ
ʥī΢΢һ벻ո̤뱱򣬾һֳʥĸ߽ӡı򣬿൱ĳ밡
ʥīη壬ֿȭݺһȭͼ
֪Ц
īȭͷϣ˲䱬һƥݺݺʥͼ֮ϡ
¡¡
һ춯صľ졣ͼУǳ׷䡢飡
˴һæٻͼȴͼǳһ뻹ࡣʱȻŭһҷ
׳աīһ̧ۣȾߡΣҲһ˲䣬ʧյС
ñףƿڴȴīӰӶ
漴ȡ˴ʯɫļ˴ʯһ˵һ仰ϣ˴ˣûסһȭҵͼţԣһȭˡҵģҲǳšţããˣлǰΪԡ
˵֮ص˴ʯȻĿͶĿߡ
󡭡ˣǡĿȫŵñɸ߶µĹġ
ˣǸˣҲסġ˵
ллˡͬ
ǻδ䣬ԵͷѾ߸߷˵۾ȫŲŵĹâ˵ˡǵô
ǿҳ󡣡һĮȻ˵ţȻһӡ
飡
飡
죬˵ͷ­ֱӱһƬѪ
ּɱ߽׵΢ĳӣϸûʲôı顣ֻĿĿ૵治ݾߣԣûзӡطȴƫƫô಻֪ĶҪմˣǸ
Ӱû뵽Уʧ
īѾ뿪ûǴ󶯸ɸ꣬Ҳǲ̫˵ע⡣
īܹܵһ飬ЩӦԼģ
Ȼʱ򾿾жǿĴڣĿǰӦǾѷɫģ
ȻˣôΪʲôһң˵ĸоԽԽ·ƲƵġǾػʲôܣ
ĻУ͸¶һ飬˵ʮ֮úдīڲС
īüаնһѪ£Ҳȫܼڱ򡣻Ѫ˵׻Ʊųѵ˵˵飬йϵĲɣ
īЩ֮Ĺȴͣĳűȥ
ʥ˾磬һһ磬ִУٶȿ쵽˼顣
ܿ죬īҵ˱УƯŵǿ޴ƥĴ½
ȣɴһ۸½жޱ޼ʡ֮ȣķ֮׻ƴ½磬ҲԵ̫Сˡ
һĴ½ī̲ס̾Ϣ
󣬳ī̤½Ӵ½ԵԨһ·Ϸɡ䵽½档
֮󣬳ī˵һǡ
һųǣǽǲɣϢųЩƾˣڴ½ԵԵʣ˲ࡣųǣҲʮˡ
ī֮ٴθıԼԼȥ½˸ӽӽһЩϢ֮󣬾ųǵıˣҲѴӳīϣ̫ܵĲ֮ͬ
īĿģΪҵѪ£֮⣬ȫ֦
һѪ£ҲҪ˰ֻҪŲһ룬Ȼͻ
һСƹ棬ī̲ˣȻҪһƣ
СƹУмðߣʵǿǸӦڵ߰ҵľ硣ģȻһɣ綼
ƾƣһֱҲûô˵ֱīˣ׼ҪȥʱͻȻ䣬Ǽ˵еһ쾳ĵͻȻ䷢һɧ̵ģЩ̫ˣֽбѵⱱ򣬾ͳǼҵĺ԰ƾʲôеɽƾʲôеð֮أ
ôǸΪߵĵ߰쾳ʿǳһ䡣ȻһСĵĿīߡ
Ȼīû¶κεϢҿȥʮͨųеһͨˣЩʿȻ衣ǲκε鷳
һҵʿҲȶˣҪٺˡ
Ϊʿһ۾ƹΪļˣĵǺʲôǵռ䶼ѹ̶ֳˣѵɧ۸˻۸ʲôز
꣡
ʱ⼸ʿеϴ󣬺Ȼɫ΢΢һ𣬳һƣɫҲ˲òҰסˣҵֵģƺʧԣ˲Ҫ˲ơ
ʿû˵꣬СƹȻһ
ߣ
һɱǸ˾Ƶֱֹȥ
ɱ䡢Ʋɵ
ۿ쾳ʿҪɱɱߵļʿȫĿѡǹֵܣһ̣ȴΪֻĿһĻķ
ĳīȻ̾һ̫
˵ţÿӼһˣһ
飡
Сƹ棬һ졣ǿķѵͬʱǵɱҲ˲Σ
ǼʿȫɵûнٺңΨв˼𾪡


1479 
ɱ̫죬Ҳ̫ͻȻͬҲ̫죬̫ͻȻСƹ⼸ӹһٵʿȫһ֪顣ΣŽĿתƵīϣīĿУҲ˾η
ţ⼸ʿеϴΡΡĳųīһȭлǰȣ
īҡҡͷֻЩʵڿۣų֡
ʱСƹݵţͻȻ仯촷ۣ·ƾʧһֻʣһŶ
һӰվſڣһʮꡣòӢֻᣬһܲ԰ףһˡ
ո۳ɱҪɱǸҳԲѷʿֱƵҲһ㷴ɡСƹ˸֣űǿûֱˡ뿴˭ôӣ̵ˡ
ĳīüͷ΢΢һ壬ˡ൱δ
ȥͬʮ꣬ƤеڵߣҲƽĿ
½ƽŭƽȻһƽ֣飬ȴûƽ˳Ŀĳī˵˭ƾʲôҹ̵ܱ£
Ƿ˾ɧѣαôĻī΢Цſ½ƽ
½ƽ۾΢΢һУЦô˵ǴҪ˶԰ɣ½ƽɸұ
īû˵Ǳ߼ʿеϴһɬ߹½ƽʩһ񣺡½ƽˣ֮ԣ˸̧֣Щһʶ
òվ˵Ϊһ֮䷢ͻԼ߳ͷλʲô¶ûУƨɾˡô죿ǻҪһ棬˱̵ˣô죿ǵļô죿ǲī£Ͼող˼һˣѾɥȪˣձ̵һԵ磬ЩˣҲ⣬ϵֱõĽˡҲҪǻ֮顣
īҲԣǸʿеϴ˵ҲվһԿš
λ½ƽʿǸûԷһһ˫ֱۣĶųīôеӹ£ûӱԼţҲգҪˣʵʵĹڵϣͷסˣͷ첻Сүãһ
ī̾˿Ҫǲأ
½ƽЦ
ʱ䣬Щ˹֧Ԯ𣿡īȻʵ
½ƽ۾һĨ֮ɫ漴һǿӲĿųīЦΣ˱̣Ϊ㻹ܻ뿪
㲻õˣǹˡīһƽ˵
ʲô˼½ƽüͷһ𣬲Ŀųī
Ƕˡī̾˿
ľ磬֪ܲ½ƽʲôĲ̫Ҳʲô춯صĴ¡û취н硣һʵΪ磬һԲϾͿһ򡭡ͺٻ»ڡȻֻиĺ󻼣ϵĳ֡
ô꣬ī˭
ԣո½ƽԼеİֵʱ򣬳īѾֳһЩɻɱھųǼĵط
ǰ½ƽīҲŹˡСƹЩˣͷĨȥһεļͺˡ
½ƽԾĿųīһŵɫ漴ͻȻһҪߡ
飡
СƹըһĿռ
ͬʱīˣ
һֻ֣ųһ͵γһС磬ⷨͷųĿռȫСķΧСȻһ󡭡
СƹЩˣͬ½ƽڣֻǸоǰһȻ󡭡ʲôûˡ
ī̾˿һ½ƽֱӳ֣ɱ
½ƽΣ׵ʧϣͬһʲôûʣ¡
޵һվɿաǰһ˲䣬ںޣһ飬Ȼ
Сƹ棬ѻȸˣȫһֵĿųī
īµЩˣīĿУҲη֮ɫ
ī̾˿ֱӳ֣ǿĵЩ˵ļĨһ֮󣬳бȳīиܶ౶Ĵ֣֪ܳ࣬ȻĻûܷκζߡ
һ֮󣬳īƮȻȥˡ
һСƹЩѹһüͷоոƺʲô飬ȫ벻
Ǽʿеһھƣ֪ΪΣоԼĺܿ죬ڿ־ʲô̲סģ˵ġıˣֵܣҲôˣ͵ԼһʱɡϴеҵŮˣ
ǸϴҲЩĻŻŵģҲԭĻšĻĿЩοĵҲˡ
ֵҲͷţƢ𱬵ģô룬Ĳסϴʱ䣬ǲȥѰҩͺúһʱ䣬ȥ˺ˣ
ϴͷҲд⣬ǲԸȻֵǶô룬Ǿһʱ䡣
˵ţ˽˾ǮȻ뿪Сƹݣܿ죬˳ǣһ˵Ӱʧ

򱱷½һƬ޴ĹռյСǳΪ칬
̵ܲ
˿̣칬һ磬һƬ嫵ĴУȻ䴫һŭȣô£ΪʲôǳǵЩӻȫϨ˭Ǹˣң
һŭȣһɫŵֱӷɳһڴ棬߶µ˵ĳϣ¸¸ڲ顣
УһɭȻǣ𣿡
ʱûֵֻ֪˾ǳߣŵһϢйءһȻ˵
˵УɭȻɱ䡣
˵ݻϢ˵˴Ǳߣ뵽Ǹ˷ǳǿеʥͼͱһȭϡ֮󲻾áͷǳǵǼ£ǳǵش߽Ϊ£ܿйϵ
е΢˼֣Ȼ䣺˼ǣ˴Ǳ߹Ǳ飿
ĳϣôƲġĨһѶͷϲڵ亹£֪һأӦǹˡ֪ĳΪʲôôΪǳǱߣ߰˸ˣȫĳһĵӡǸ½ƽģ˵ĳ֮仹մݡܲĳϷŭġ
ڣϸǳǣ£һ鵽סУĳϵɭ䣺û㣬ִ£ǷǳʱڣģҲӦ֪һ㡣ǻ˽Ĵ£һԴҲģ
ִһ£æлĳѣ֪ˡ¸ˣȥ飡
ȥɡ
ִ뿪صԼĵ֮ټ֣һĳŴķȥ
ǳǱߵ飬һСС˻ûγرӰ졣
īʱҲѾԶ߾ĹųǣһƬ嫵ĴС


1480 ǳ
īˣȻˣ֪īĴڡĲ̫Ǹ޷īĴڡԹ˵š
۵飬һʼҲзЩ顣
ʦ֣˵һսīʥ˭ӮһʿһЩ΢ֵʿʵ
΢ֵʿ룬˵˵϶ʥʤԭҲܼ򵥣֮ϣڶӼңӼҡǺεȵȻ˼Ҽ棬һϴأ
ǰĻ϶ʥʤʦΪʲô˵أʵ
΢ֵʿ˵īǸˣ̫ˣ޷׽Ҳ̫ͻȻ֮ǰһҲûУͻȻģȡѩ񡣶˵ûȥսѩᡣǸѩż˫һս֮ѩᱻش˵ѩһǿķûˡУ㿴һӵǸǿ񳣿Ʒ磬ȫīݡ˵īսӦòھšУʥȻӼҡīıȴһ塣ԣ˫ⳡսʥʤʵóīܴ󡣡
ʦ֪ҲࡣʿЩĿʦ֣Ȼ˵˵īĳܲһ㣬ȻǴ׻ƴ߳ġǸطǴ˵һֱӡţôģ
Ͳ֪ˣЩ飬Ҳܹĵġ΢ֵʿ̾˿ǱֳʲôǹϵֻҪǵһܹɹôӴԺЩˣ̨̤Ļᡣ
ϣܹɹϴڡ붼˸еѪڣУ¶֮ɫȻ˵ʱ䣬˵ΪǱ̵һЩٶ˲˵Ĳ
΢ֵʿһЦʲô˵򣬾û棬ݹж˸ǰըëô
ǵǣǱ̣ɲɣʥ˾棬ȻīһɱˣǶ˶ˡЦ
Ҳ˵ī˺ܹ죬ԺϣҲߡ΢ֵʿ˵ڡһƷ֮⣬ûóֵˡǡ˽ԿǱȴ֪Ѿꡣ湦֮գǳ׷֮ʱ
ţһɹģͷǼƬôȥˣΪʲôһۼûзأ
΢ֵʿ˵˵ڣǾһڵģ𼱣ѰҡǸֻҪɣǾ˴ˣ
ţһͷ
ڰеĳīʦֵܵĶԻȫڶУҲ̲סеЩԾ벻̣Ȼ֮̵棬Ȼһʥ۵ĴܣƺҪͨһεĳֻԵ̤ϴڵĲΡ
ϢǴ򣬿»ˡ
ֵطѾ̫ûг澳ϴˡϵʧܡ˵ΪصĸԤҲ˵澳ļѡڱȻһҪ澳Ĵܣ
뵽Լ֮һڣīҲ̲סЦ˵ԸҪٷĳͻˡ£õΪֹ
ʱ򣬲ͻȻ˳īһʾǰʮĴһ
īһԶǶʦֵܣǳ鴤һ£󣬻һʧֱӳ˲ʾķλ
ǸطڵĶѪеһţȴòǿҵĲȻͨĶ
ԴˣīȤǷǳġ
ʮľ룬ĳī˵ʲô˲õľ룬һʱ֮󣬳īѾûڵһʱȥЩԾĿǸط
һͷޣ̾˯
ͷޣһͷ޴ƥһͷ­һǳа¶ˮ֮ϣ۾ʣµӣڲ֪жĴС
ɢĲȻѾӽʥ
ﲨķλͷ¡
Ҳ˵ҪȡǼĿԣǲڡ
ڳīͷӦþ
ȻûвѣȻī侳Ҳȫ޷ӦǼĴڡ
ô죿ī΢΢ü
ͷޣĵǣһǿȡ߾µĶȻᾪǱ˿ɲ֮ǰɱ½ƽûʲôʶʿһǴݳϢԼ֮Ҫڱ½ѰѪ£¾ҪѺܶˡ
ȥīǾȲҪͷޣ𣬻᲻ԶƬ󡣵ʱٳҲ١
վѰҵԶԶģͿͷ¶ˮϵİͷ­
𾪺ǳǿǾʦ֣ҵˣ
꣡΢ֵʿһԼʦܣϣҲĪľϲܳסһ֮˵ͷǳܶԸģѾӽʥˡȻڳ˯𹥻϶ڵһʱ䱩ˡδǶ֡
Щʵ˵ʦ֣ҲʥѵͲܳһһҪǳɹˣͣɾֵܵˡ֪ͨ˱ˣȻҲйͣ
ûн˵΢Ҳסü䣬¶һĨ֮ɫ
ʦ֣Ȼǿ󣬵վޣȻӽʥϾʥޡ۾˸Źâδûлᣡ
ҪԿ΢ʿ޾ԶĴУ¶ǰͷһϵʥңֶǿǣ
۾¶ж֮ɫʦ֣̫Σˡ
ô˵ˣ΢ֵʿ˵ʵǿһ㣬סǵĻᣬֻһΣһʧܣԶݣǧҪκεĽǾͷǳĶ֡ң¡ϸܡǳһܾȻǿǶߡҵˡȴûϱֵܵġ
İʦ֣Ҷͷ
󣬽ϵһʥ΢
īһУΣʦֵܵľٶĬĬ˵ԲλעҪʧˡ
һȥ˴ʼգϵϢԣͷ˯ǳһ㶼ûвˡڰͼıµı
ʱ΢ֵʿͻȻһҧֱͷųơ
ؼ䣬һӿ
߼Ҳ൱ֲģ嫵ĳֱޱߴ
У¶Դ˯ǳ͵˫ۣ΢ʿķ򣬰Ȼһֲ
һξˣУ΢ʿӿϮ
΢ʿֱӼʥ
¡¡


1481 
ʥ׼ǳɢݺݺȥ
Уһǧٱ¡¡죬ƬգҪ̮ˡɢ棬ޱߵĴ˲ɸߵľˡ
ǳŭˣӴҲӴгʮﳤبգһԽɽ룡
ɢźޱߵһŭƥȻ΢ʿֱһĻ档
ǻ֮նȼյһƬޣĳϵĵ
΢ʿԦʥֵͬʱȵڣ
ಣ
ʿǳ֮󣬴µľ޴͵ĳȥȴû뵽˵ٶȣ
ǳ𣬴лûȫγеһ˲䣬īѾȥˣ
ī֪ﾹȻһĿռ䡣
˿̣·һԶŵĴУܵǽڣŹϵֲȥ֪˶õ¡
һǽϣŴ֡棬һޱǳīһ۾͸оͷۻٿһۡȻµĸо
īϽĿƿ
óī󾪡
ʥ˾
ϣȻֲֿ֣ʥҲ޷ܣ
īȷǽ֣ʮа˾Ų֣
ʱؿڵĲУѪ¼ǳģīЩּ洦
īһɬ˵ҿ۾͸оͷۻµĸоôǣ
ˣľ̫Ѫһ㶼
ī̲סֱۡ
ʱһӰҲ뵽ǸһЩ콾ϣãȻ֮ɫ૵治˵ǳǳͿֱõʲôء
û˵꣬Ϳ˳īӰʱŵûһ£ͬһ㣬ȵ㡭ʲôˣ
īͷһۣû˵üͷڸѪ¹ͨš
ΪѪ¸ǽϵģһϵĹ
ǳɣΨһƪСӣǳǳͨ
ʵ̫ˣѹֻΪ
ǳһǳȴֻܳһΣԣ˵£ҲҪ
ǳ棡
ѪµУ޾ļֹȻնһһֱ죬ûҵǳһӾˡ
īЩ˵ģҵ治ǲûвĻҵ⡣
⻰īҲȥѪˣΪѾҪֵĸоˡ
㡭㵽˭Ϊʲô콾ŭųīͬʱһļҪȵס
ǰˣ͸͸ҶԷȻһֺǿҵΣСΣУġⲻֱȴҪֱ׼
һǿߣ
ʦȥǣʲôʱһ
īͷһۣң
ҭòᣬһŭЦǱ򣡡
ΣīһۣȻתͷȥǽϵ֡һǿҵѣθоķתҲûĸоö١
˵Ǳ̵ġ˵䣬ҲĳǽϿһۡ
һۣʱо첼ǶȻеǶȫͷųһâǹâУ̺žɱ

壬Ȼ飡
˲ɢ
īǣо䣬ʧ⡭
ֱ̫ˣ
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ˣ
ɢ
īĵӺܴͺܴСʱʿ߱ѩ֮ԭҲûжٿ־塣Щ̫꣬Σûʲôŵڴ˿̣īУһǿҵĿ־Χ
ȷŵòᡣ
ô£ī仰ǳŻѪʵġ
СƨȻҿģѪµЦīԺС
ʲô˼īʵ
ʲôʲô˼㿴ĸɱˡ̫в̫࣬Ҳ޷ĵԾˡѪºȻ˵
īɫ԰ףһأôû£
һôѪµУȻżֱӵζˣĥˣϽȻϹʸ񣡡
ʲô棿īʵ
ϴ棡Ѫµɣͬټ翣δػͣܳʱ䡣Ͻǣ
īһǿѹеĿ־𾪣ٴСĿǽڡǿҵĲʣÿһ֣һѷޱȵĵʼųī¶ķâ
ʱ򣬲ӳīؿֱӷɳ߿Ѫ֮ϣߵѤĹâǽѹȥ
䣡
ĶԺ䣬Ȼһξ롣
ţ߱ɳͷų޾Ϣ
ī𺳵üֱ˵Ϊ߱˿ͷųϢȻնɱʥǿ
ˣ
¯Ҳɳɳһ˲䣬ͱһصúݺײڳīǽ棬һ졣
¯ٴηɻͷų嫵ĻϢǽѹȥ
Ѫµٴ𣺡ǣΨһĻᣡ
һΣīٴοǽ̲޾ܵģƺ˺ܶ౶ңҲûǿҵĲʸо
ģԼ뵽һµ磬ʼǽϵ
Ȼûֲʵĸоģʵ̫ˣһۣתͷҪסҪ൱ĴۡīУǧ̨ͬʱ֮
Ȼ󣬾ųɾŵĵ̨ʼںϡͻȻںһ־޴ĳȻ澳֮ĳīҲ޷ܵĸо
ۣ
ֱһѪ
һ̣еǧ̨Ҳ漣һںһûйڵǾɢڳīȫȴ϶Ϊһ
̨֮ϣտҲ̨еȴڸת
ͻȻ䣬һģڵ̨֮ϡ
ͬһ㣬īһӾǸĵĺ壬ȻٿڶĵʱͻȻоûôѼˣ
ǽϵģԼǧ֣ڵ״̬īҪȫסҲҪһʱʱ䡣
ʱǸ΢ֵʿѾЩŲסˡ
ŭǳʵֲ̫ӦһͷˮԵޣȴľˮĶ΢ֵʿ𹥻
ңʦ֮ܽ󣬾һֱûг֣ԤС
ǳһοֲĹ΢ֵʿһҧ˲һʥ
¡


1482 ǳ
ؼ䣬һֲĺʥ飬һʵ̫ˡȻǳҲ޷סֱӱըɣѪ죬Ѫɣˡ
΢ֵʿʥһ˲䣬һѪȻ壬͵ǸеС
һ̣ӰͻȻǳ档
ʦһ΢ֵʿǳĵһӦһãȻ
ȻͿվһǽĳīȴûпʦܵӰ΢ʿģһ£֪ˡ
ķӦԶʦܿܶ࣬Ҳ㹻ʣµǼʥųīĺģݺݵĺ˹ȥ
˭ʲôŪʶ˵
ϣ
һĹâһɶϢͬʱ
һڹâеӰֳһѺ˵ĵݺһն΢ʿʥ
ŵУʱһ춯صľ졣
ǼʥȻ
΢ʿһѪһı顣ǵӰеǰѵͻȻȻĵµֺڣ㡭㡭ǳī
ˢ
µų貵Ĺâһ΢ʿͷ­ն£ǿĵֱӽĥ
΢ʿûŪףĶ콾֮ǰ̸۹ǸˣôڱС
̵칬УؽڴƵĵӣŽյƣ˶ɵˣĳ˳ȥȵˡˡˡ
һΣ̣ˡ
Ϊһ֮ڣʧ콾
Ϲ˰һΣԽȥѰһȴ
֮ǰ½ƽЩ˵ȫһԣ칬棬ˣȫˡ
ϢҲܿ촫
дıǿߣ뿪˱̣ϷƬķȥ
˿̡
ǳڡ
īȻڼЩġ
ʼգûлͷһ΢ʿʬ塣Ǹ˴ûгֹ
īķڻɱ΢ʿ֮Ҳʧ
ǳ⣬Уشǳһŭ˫޴ġԻУȴ˸ĿС
СС֪࣬ҽǳ϶
ͷ޴ǳβССС󣬱һɳȻһͷ뵽Уһ죬ֻһͨݴСǳŵѸٵʧƬС
һУī֪˿̵Ѿȫǽϵĵв԰Ρ
ƪģʵ̫ˣ󡣵ĿǰΪֹīֻס֮һǼס򡣵ȴѾо۽磬Ѿǰδе󡣷·һȾ޴ޱȵţǰ򿪡ź棬һȫµġ嫵ġ磡
īҲһ˻Ѫ˵ʲô˼ˡϵĹȻγɣκ˻κܹģ
ԣ淢һ飬īûоȥᡣ
߱ͻ¯ڲϱſֲϢѹǽǧġ
ʱһһεŹȥ
ֱīסǽϵһģУںǧ̨϶Ϊһոµ̨棬Ҳǧġ
ÿһģɢ⣬Ѱ˿һֱۣӾͻ
ȻϵĴܣҲԿǹâе֣ʲôġ
ī˵ľһ̣ȫõһļӳ֡ľ磬ûԵĵȴ뵽һȫµ
󣬻¯۵һڵϣ߱죬Ҳȫҡҡ׹
߱쵶ϵѪɫʧָɫ
īѾͨѪ̫ˡѾϤòϤڴ˿̣Ȼһֵֻ̿ĸо
Ϊܸо
ǶҪܾáһУֵõġ߱졭ɱˣ¯ҩָĻһЩǣҵѪ£Ǿͻָˡ
Ѫ½ī֮󣬱Ȼ
īջ߱ͻ¯ޱȵۣḧ߱ĵҪǿ֮Ѫôûϵܿ졭ҾȵֶԻ¯˵İɣ֮䣬Ѿһ㾡ָġ
¯һڻӦ
īȫջ̧֮ͷȥȴϵǽ棬ĳʧȡ֮ģǸֹϵķޡ
ʱ򣬴УͻȻ仺һȭͷСǳǳâ貣ɢһĪ
īʱͱסˣһȵĿССǳͼ߽һ˲䣬ͻȻоǿССǳ棬һΣյϢ
īʱֹЩԾĿǳոǹΣϢóīܵһǿҵв
ʱī嵱Уں֮󣬾޴ĵ̨ϣǧͻȻߵת͸ī壬ɢһīȫ⡣֪̫࣬δһʽ
ǿȭͷСǳ棬ΣϢȥˣǿСǳȻһӳųīɹڳīûпʱȻѾɽī嵱С
ǳڳīĵﵱУռһλã￪ʼת
һ̣īȻãԼľ磬˴
ȫԤϣȫûһ֡
һеͨˣԼȫûԤϵ£һӻ˿Էе
ֳޱǿġ
īҲ
ΪͻȻ䷢֣ľ磬һӳʥ˾۷壡
ֱ̫˼ˡīһαŵˣЩ֪룬ҪһʻѪ⵽ô£ѪѾ˳˯С
īһüͷ
ľ˿һֱǿ쵽˼ĵزͬУһֱңңȣȻ棬ôʹﵽ־ˣҲǾ޽еġ
ɶԳīԼ˵ÿһޱȼʵģÿһ磬Ὣʵȫû취Żᳯһʥ˾ڣһӳ嵽ʥ˾۷飬Գī˵ûй
ԣЩ֣̿ҲЩĪ᲻ǿ¥󾵻ˮ£֪ȻûиоκεĲʣϲָоڣϲҲԽֱ仯
ǣīϥ£ʼķͼҳһӾԭ
ֱϣ϶ǿǳйϵ飬ûʵ֤֮ǰīֱ½ۡ
īһ˾Ÿ죬ҲһԲʱ䣬ҲûУҵһ覴áҲ˵ľȻһһأȴûκε⣡
Щ˺ܶʱ䣬һһ۳һʹӦ֣ûκεȫȫġī
Ѫ˵žǳ̵桭ƺҲҪѰԼͻƵϴڡīзݼ£ģЩˡ
̵棬ѰҵӦþǳ


1483 
Ѫ˵ǳһǲ˵ǳһ߿ţǲ˵ֻҪõ߿ǳľ磬ֱƶһߵĲΣīѾܵǳҲõĺô뵽ֿԣīģ˲û
ƴʵĿľԼľȹ̣οӴһᣬܹһУѸôΪʲôҪܾ
ҲܾǼֱǺ޵һ¡
ˣûһ˲ϲԵġûлԵߣҲ̫ߵĳɾ͡
֣ľԵ
ԣīҲֻܻܾԵ
Ҫģ취ҵʣǳ
ֻҪһǳľ磬ܳʥķʽٶȣֱǿٵصһΣ
٣棬ӦǾ޽еġ
ī֪̫ôһģҲһĴԵڡԼ֣ӦҲȫͬ
ÿ˶ԼĻԵߣȻȥ޵һĵʵϣÿ˵ĵǶһ޶ġ
ŵУīҲܲκţ벻ͷǳǳŵٷС̵ʿˡһ֮£һķ¡ôʱȥҲûκš
ԣһʱ䣬ӦҲǲġ
ھľ޷īģƴõƪǳ
ƪǧģޱȻĶĶ
ȻѾȫǧ̨ںϣ϶Ϊһ̨УΪһָѹ֮ϵϵСԳī˵ǻǺİġ
ԣҪͷʼһһĽв
ī߿ʼ˶ǳĲ򣬴˿ȴҳһš
칬̵ŭӣİȻҲὫ񣬽ɡ
ĿһΪǣҲڷЩӸı̸߲㣡
ʥ˾Ѿܹܵ߿ǳеˣ
㣬֪Ϊ꣬ʥ˾ʱ˵ĵõһǳʥ˾ֱһ̤ʥ
ôĿ޵У̤˴ʥ۷塣
Сǳܣ桭ҲֻԼ֪
ԣ޾µʱ䣬ԼУΪˣñбԽԽΪģǲκ˵Ĺע
ı꣬Ҳлɱ̫ľѡˣΪģǲɢȥ
ڵջʱ
ƾһǳܹ¸Ӧǵλá
֮һֱûмȥջ񣬾ΪҪԼľ磬ﵽ澳ٽ㡣ΪֻǸʱòģ
ֻҪһٳ澳ЩϴڸӦҲ֣
ҲֻܽƬĴ棬һͷʵ
ڱ濴򣬾͸ĺ԰һûκܹΣ
񽻸ʮ츳ĺӣҲҪʮˣδµʮս
ڣȻ
ңԸоǿǳѾ˸õˣ
֪ûйı棬һΣǳķŭˡֱɳ˴ʥʿҪǲϧһдۣҲҪɱӵִ
Ҫģ
Ǳ
칬еǱĵ̵ĽȻǽҲ̤
һϵĹУһСݸɵߡѾݳƤǣ·һܰǴ˿۾ᱻΪѾˡ
Ǳ棡
ǿĴڡ
һ˫У޾ڲϵݻš˿ֻ̣е棬ȴȫڲϵ̮ʾ˿̷ŭ
УһŲ֪ʲôƳɣҲ֪µĹͼ
ͼ棬ֻ߿ǡ
һ䵶ע룬䵶ģ˵ʢˮĶ
߿ǣΪǡ
ࡢ诡ᡢȨ⡢ҡ⡣һ˫У˸𲻶Ĺâ˵ҵڣֻһſǳӣѰ⡢ȨǳǷ󡭡Ŀǣҵľǰһȴ޷ҳ澳ңһҶǳ˵ǹɺƥЩϴڵע⡣˵ӦϾ˼¡˭˵׼أġ˶ȡǿǣһţѾõĿǣȴֻõһͼ˵УӦûһƪĴĳǵУǵȷûеġ᲻ᱻ˵õ
Уޱââ·Ҫ͸˭õҵĶҪҡԹԵġ³
˵ţֿеͼͼڵõһſǳʱǳŵһõġͼģʵһż
ǲôĹżѾٵˡ
ΪǹżصĶʵ̫ˡ
ǹżϵ֣ꡣȻģȴһȫܹ֡Ҳ˱׿ʱ䣬żݽ
ڳ׶ǲż֮󣬵һʱͰȥˡ
䣬֪ˣԽԽãáֻһ
żͨͼͨ߿ǳͬͨͬʱǵУһƪġƪģ澳𲻿ɿ
ī֪ǣ澳֮壬³Ҳ֮ǰһģһֱ
Ϊ˹żݣûмѰƪģҲң
ֻҪҵ߿ǳͼԼڣ嵱γɱ󡣾֧һٳ澳
ʱȥƪģ̤̫Ͼ磬ָտɴ
һʱ޷̫ϵǸ磬Ҳˣ
ݹżϵļأֻҪ߿ǳڣγɱ󣬽ؽ
񰡣
޵֮ˣյ׷ɣ
һ뵽ͷһƬȡ޾գ૵˭赲ҳ񣬶ѽܵϿĳͽ䣡ץˣȽڵǳȡȻ󡭡Ὣ꣬һƬһƬ˺СƬ
ǳǳŵѾƬĿͷһǳŵڵλá
Ϊһǳڵ壬ǿǳŵһ̣Լ񡣵ˣٱ֤ǳŵİȫԣҪԮҪѰҰ֡ͬʱöصķʽ֪ͨ˵ǳҲϹȥ
ǳŵѾʧʧˣ
ڻʣеࡢԼ诺ҡŵǳҲҪŽһС
ǸӶǳŵĶˣǳֹȴ׵óѣ
ǳŵǳ֪ŵģʵֻһտյĹŵ


1484 
һΣһµʱȻȥ
򣬶ণԭͱѹƵԴϢЩǱ̵ʿ˸ϿĶԴ
ҲһЩѪԵʿķսȴޱҵȥ
ΪһΣ̶ˣ
ֱӳʮʥ˾ʿ𾳽ʿǲ
Ĺ壬ӡڱǸһ޵еĴڡ
ȺˣһѹһѰҡ
ʣŵȴʧˣһۼûˡ
гѰҵıʿȫ겻ѣȻ潻Ѱҵĵʲôȴһ£ǰ첻£Ǳؽޱ𷣡ʥʿԱ棬Ҳһսսκηͷ
һУīûаϵһīһֱϤĵĲǳƪǧɵǳʵ̫£Ҳľءһµʱ䣬īֻʮ֡⿴ȥƺЩ䲻ϳīǳǿʵϣʮ֮󣬳īսѾǿһľء
һн׵ĴʥīҲ֮һս
īţʱѾȥôãʲôҲֹ֪ͣ˲ǳ뿪ǳŵȥ
ǳŵûκŻҲҲڡѾһǳĳī˵Щ⡣һ֣һţǰ󣬳īһ롣
һ̣Σǳŵ档

һ߿һɿֲƥɱѷĵȻųīɱ
īһķӦѾ쵽ľء
ķתǳһǳ֮ȻЩɱγɵķ˲ޣ
飡
У졣
˲𡣲ǹȴͣסˡ
Ȼ󣬳īͿ˶ͷλһɵĿ
ǳҲе£ǳŵǳ֪ʲôʱĹŵֻ֪˵ϣһΪ֮
ǳҲɴ۾ųīгɻ
ʱǳǿһͻȻڣǺˣΪĪǡѾģ
ǳûжԳīٷ𹥻˵ڷīҲ¡īв̫ˣҪ˽µͷΣ
˵ţī嵱еٴαһЩ壬ʱǹ貣ѤһͿ
ǳȻ仯󺺣ԳīĹڵأһߡˣ
īһĨŪЩͿˣ󺺣Щͷĵʲô
ܴǳŵеõߣǵˡ˵һųīڵǳŵһ
ܸ˵˵һУô𣿡īʵ
⣬ҵȻ֪޲ԡһһ˵
󣬳īһߵУ֪һЩ顣Ȼһ֪ȫΪǳ֪飬ҲԴڼ䴫С٣īȷһ¡
ǳŵȷͨƪģȻγɣңʲô˶ҿһģֱӱɱ
ĵУ̲ųҲ˵ײǧǳĳ̶ֳ˵˳Կס
Ȼ󣬻Ҫõ߿ǳȻͼ߿ǳ߸λԼ嵱СΪԵõң˵ꡭ߻᳹׺һγɲǳ塣һ٣ضϰ
Щǳǵ棬ͬҲͨӵļ߾硣ڵ壬ǳŵΪһЩԭǳ֮󣬾;ƿݣߵľͷ
֮ǰУҵһĸ֮ϣº¼䴫УһһĴȥ
һѾǵߴˡ
Ȼһߵ嵱УǳѪȴѾʮϡҲʹһһһ˵ǵ桪ǳӦ澳ʵ
ǲ绽ꡢݺǳ
īҲ֪ˣ߿ǳֱࡢ诡ᡢȨ⡢ҡ⡣
ǿǳ߿ǳ֮׵ǣﻹǳŵֱǺҡǡ
ʣǳǳŵأīʵ
һϣ¶һĨȻ֮ɫ˵ϣһǿʿںܶܶǰѾõһǳΪʺͻԵҲǿǿǳڡǸ˻õͼһźܶĹϵ伮ˣ֪飬ӦñǻҪЩǰʱ䣬ʼʣǵ֡ɳȥˣȫǿʥǳѾɥǵҲߡǸɱǳϵǳѾˡ
ǸˣǱ̵ɣīʵа룺߿ǳȻѾõĿţҪɱ󣬾ͱҪſԡô˵һرҪҵҰɣ
뵽ֿܣī̲סһ䡣Ǳһн״ʥϣ̫Ŀ־塣һ֮ҲδסԷһϴڵ۷ʥôԼģīҲΪܶԸִڡ
߱ʹǿһҲδһնһڡ
ô죿
ī濪ʼ˼һ˵ڶšǳдͬҲ޴Ķ
߿ǳÿһšͨǿȥֻȭͷСʵϣȴ߿Ĵǣ
ÿһţ̺һżʮֱľ޴ǳ
֮ôһ㶯ûУȻǳŵУҲ޷ڸϢ
߿ǳһֱϴڵľֲԴݵ޾ңԶ֮С
óīѡҪ㾳磬ǳ֮ľ磬ʮа˾ţܹʥǣһھĹУ϶Ĺע
ңīһ˵Ŀġûаͷء
Ѫ£ī֪䡣ԭɽ⣬Ųĳ˯Ҳһ޴⡣
īķˮͨǿ԰æѰңȴ̫ˡ
ˣһ顣ﲻߺȻ˵
˵īߣƹҡǳŵǳ󺺣ȥʮ䡣ųī˵˿Ƚ诡ҡǳϣҪȻһĲġֻҪܽƪĳײ͸ôǿı棬Ҳ޷ƾڵǿǣӦ˵ĴˡȴʱӦĿǵĴڡ
ī۾һ˵Ļǿʱ֤İȫѪºĿǳҲֻͼ֮ˡ
ģīеġ


1485 Ůս
󣬳īȺ诺ҡǳǳŵȡǿͽ˲ȥ
Ҳ˳īѾõǧɵǳֶԲžԵƿءȻĻûκοܽǳ뵽ȥǹų˸е־ˡ
ΪǳƺûбȲȥ
ǳտҲǳŵ뿪ˣҲΪ˷ɢЩ˵ע
ī뵽ȥʼչȫǧĵǳ
ʱһһĹȥתۣʱȥ
īһֱû뿪磬ƾѰңûҵڹټ
棬Уʧȥ˶ǳĸӦ
ܷŭҲЩˡһУûκ塣
һֱһɽŶֲֿϢšЩ֮ʿȫѾСĽļš
ʿ棬ҲаԵһЩƷе֮޶
Թ𣬸ַˣһǿһˡһģȫ̸ѹˡ
һǰһĴʥΪʥ壬ˣҪ̸¾ȴһ΢С顣ʥŭˣֱӳ֣򱱶̵ĴֱӺɱ
ȻֱӴ칬ұʦ
ôһ֣Ҳ˳ʥ֣˼̵칬һ롣ʥУڱ̵칬ϿաĿռݣʱʥȻ£ʥˣҲĳۿ̾Ҫ㸲칬ʿò
һսͬʱʥ䣬Ҳ˳˱֮⣬ķŭǿʼٶأʼԱ̽Χ˺ͷ
̶£̱ʧءҲһƬҡ
սս׷ɡ֮ǰһֱޱŵı̵ӣǿЩˣȫսԣܿģ̱·硣
ǿĽɣҲƾһ֮Կ磡
֮ǰȻûˣȴױŭҲٹ˼ʲôԳ֣׺ݵѹʮϵĴ߰˸ʥ۷徳ʿڽĻҾѹס
ʱ̣ҲѾҪˡǧٿ׵ġ
һ˲ɱˣⳡսҲ˴ۣԣҵľȻѹסҪ־棬ȴǶʱܹġ
ɴһ˦ӲˣΪѾٵȥˣֱӳɽʼĴѰǵ䡣
Գ֣ǵܿ챻ҵǵǳһҲȫϡտҲĹǵȴñķŭ
ΪѾӡˣǸõǳܹܳȥϲдЩʿһһȫ
ڣڳīչصĵ꣬Ҳмʿ̵˷֡һ֮Ǽ˸ߡ
̵ĵӣܿ콫ЩϢϱ棬󣬱澭һ֮ͻȻϧһдۣҲҪ׽סǼˣ

Ϸ߾
ŮӣۼŰΧǵļʮʿ˱վһг˷ŭ֮⣬ûжٿ־塣
Ǳ̫ˣʴûǹǣΪʲôһٶĿƣһ˫棬˸űĹâ
һŽˮֳһĺ⣬̳һֳһŮУ޾ɫֻ޾ı䡣ǵϣҲȫͷųǿϢ
ͺ£ϵϢѾﵽʥˮ̻гŮϵϢҲѾﵽ׼ʥ۵ĲΡô꣬ڱջ൱֮
ԽԽѣˮ̺ͳŮҲѾ̤ʥˡ
ԭŮԱ̾ûаøУҲȥǣһֱԶԶĶЩˡȴû뵽̵ջˡ
һභŮɱ˲ٱ̵ʿ˳Ȼ⵽һȺǿʿķ׷ɱ
üңľ磬⼸ҲвСѾﵽ׼ʥ۷ĲΡֻҪǰһͻ뵽Ǹȥ
վŮӣҲһŮ̫ˣһ޾µľˡվһ𣬸ͬһ㣬ۻҡ
Ǹûʲô⣬ֻλȥͶѡ˵
ͣûȤ˵
һӣһʥϢ޼ɵıţľ磬Ѿﵽʥ˾۷ĲΣԣŮӷź£ǺһЦҪƲԳԷơ
һ̵ʥ˾ʿ˵ôϻʲôϽǿסץȥ׸档
̾˿һϿҵĿź¼Ůǵ棬Ѿ˵ˣҪץģԼˣһ㣬ǻȥȻĻҲӲȥ
ߣʥ˾ʿжʮÿһǸոʥ֣ȫǳʥǿʿǸŮ˷
ȻкΪʲôŮ˵Ϣ֮󣬾ҪǰŮӴȥȴǲΥġ
¿һߵˣŮദ꣬ѾͨһͺԷҪʲô
䣡
飡
¸ͬʱ֡

ǸطȺʿǿҲеķλʥʿ߰˸
˭û뵽ŮˣȻ˷񣬳ߺȻ˹
УһȻ죬һŴĿĹâ
ں¸ֵһ˲䣬塢ˮˣֱӴһյλãֱӶߣ
ߵûһԥߵǽһɴ䣡
Ⱥ̵ʿһȫȻŭһȺ˳֣ܽŮ˸ˣҲĲûˡ
¾߸ʥ˾ʿߵŮֱ׷˹ȥ
ߺ¸꣬ʮʥʿٴΧڵС
ĨһǵѪһ˫УޱɭĹâҧˡ͵Ϯͷĵʱ򣡡
ʥʿҲһˣǶû뵽Ůսǿͬʱô˳֣ȻҲ˿ֲơ
֣ɱ˾Уϸ첲ȵġνһ̵ĳϼʥҲޱȵŭҧȵ
ͺ׵ϣûκζı飬Ů֮൱Ĭеī꽣նһĽ⽣ȻʥˣҲȥӡֻܡ
µĵĳ̶ֳϣƮŮ۵ĵǳƣǹϵͼáƮŮϣѧ̫ණ
ԣսʱ򣬺ҲмƮŮơ
һֽüǿƣÿһУ󿪴ϣ̺ĵʮǿ˿Щıʥ˲
ϧǣվ̫Ƶˡ
ʮ߳ǵʿģҲһĵĸо


1486 ޱ
īڴӲ߳һΣīԼıòȥģ˿δ䣬ֻгɫʱøˡѽǧĵǳȻֻǳžĲΣ㲻ϣǳȻóīоޱȵ𺳡
ڣϱ棬īģܹ֤ȫˣ
һʥ˾۷ʿ˵Ѿһֲ˼ˡ˭һʥ۵ʿܱ֤ȫ˵ġ
ң߱쳹׻ָôīģܸ棬һơ˵Էʲô̶ȣīȥ롣ţԼһ֮£ҲҪˣ
Ȼ󣬾ʹһīҲȻĴӱƤӵߡ
⣬ǳƪǧģǿģ
īֱڸǿǵȫϢͬʱܸӦϢҷ֣λãһֱƶģ
˵ߣѾסˣ
ԳѰǳˡ
īЦĵԶҲ
Ҫ֪򶼷ʲô飬ԣֱӳһųǵķȥ
֮󣬳īӰִǹųгʧķǱϷ
īɫһ˫ɱޡȻΪʲô˱򣬵ոյõЩϢѾ㹻зŭˡ
չصڱµĶмֱ಻ʤκһлееˣеŭīҲ⡣ŭǣ澹Ȼ׽Ůӡ
ˣֻ˺ܳΪ˶Ѿʥˣ
н磬ܹ߾Ůޱӣܹʥģ൱С˵ǻɫǵŮӡ
īõϢ˵ϲɫҪץŮӡ
īȻк޼˱ͱ̣ȴ֪಻˵ӦǱ棬ݳһʲô˴ʥǸΣһǿ
ܴݵһЩīһ㶼⡣
ΪīڣѾˣ
īٶȣѾ쵽˼飬ϵ˺ռ䣬ޱңԶĵطɽأ¼ӹ
ͨˮͨīݵĳѪеһţȻûͣ½Ų
Ѫ¹ȻҪЩˣҪ

̵սƺƵĴӱϷ򱱷ȥ
һ콢ս棬ͺˣȫˣӡΪȥʮҡ
ͺ£Ů󣬲ѡԱ
ؼʱ̵̣ļϱʥˣͨʥѹסˡ
һۣûܼʱΪǱһնġķ㽫ֱӸб̵ʥ˰æľˡ
Ů棬һĿ꣬ˣȻȥ֮Ҿ͸͸ҡһģ
꿴һۣ࿴һۣǶԼһ衣
ʱսͻȻͣһ£սУеıʥ˾ʿȫһ㵡
ʻսôͻȻͣ٣ѵʲôôЩ̵ĵӣҲȫȺʥʿ
еıʥ˾ʿ˿ȫһ࣬üͷ
սͻȻ䡭һΪмѿˣ
޴սôսǱƵġȻûʥĲΣ̶̳ȣȴѾ˴ʥȻֱӴм
ҡϢһϵЩʥʿûܸӦˡ˲ȫֱĸо
ǳһ亹æı̵һ𣬽Ůǳʲôʧ
ʱеıսȫͣЩսеı̵ӣһֵĿ콢ս޴սѾն롣ȻһӣһѵվǰС
ʲôˣұ̵鷳һ̵ϱʥˣһţһֱӳ֡
һʥֱӼī
ͬʱֵģ߰˸ʥʿ
ܶ˭϶ǻġԣȴ˵
īе߱죬һɨ
һ⣬˲ն
նǼʥ棬Ǽʥֱӱˡ
̵ϱʥˣҲ۵һһѪȻһѪۣ˳üģ²졣ʶ֣һԼţһ־ľ塭ֱѿ룡
޾ľһīе߱쵱С
߱ĵϣһѪۡ
̫ˡīһĿһǵѪۣȻ󣬶˵ֱչɱ¾
һȺʥ˾ʿÿһӵž춯صʵ
ŵ˵һʥˣӡ
һȺʥһͬʱ֣һĳ
ʯ쾪
𺳣
ﷶΧ֮ڣŴССǳһ˲䣬ȫˣ޾ޣһۼû¡
ţٿȺֵʥˣǵ壬Ҳһ
ǱݺݻĵһȺ̵ʥˣǵ壬飡
ͬһģǵ꣡
Ⱥֵʥˣ֪˾˭ǰһ˲䣬ȴȫ֪һ飺ǰˣѾӵ˸һս
īһγ֣̫Ӵ󣬿ƵҲޱȾ׼˳ֵʮʥ֮⣬ЩˣȻһûˡ
ߣʣ´Լ˾Ÿʥʿʱ˿̣ȴѾŵüɢ
īûô̧࣬־һץˡ
Ȼ󣬵һʱ䣬ڻ
һ˫У¶ޱȾɫȻϳ˳īеǰѵ
ûü˵ʲôѾˡ
ī
Ȼǳī
һֱѰҵǸˣȻ
֮ǰһȭٵͼˡҲһ
ϧϧΪʲôû뵽
ǰһ˲䣬ں޽ӡ
ʲôˡ
ǿֲĴʿ
ϻҲʲô
һ˫۳ճյĿųīȻһ类ӡոһϢĵ˲䣬Ѿ֪˭ˡ
û̫Ĳ˼飬Ҳûʱȥпʲôֻǳճտűĳī
ˣķУΨһǸҪˣ
īûи˵ʵϣһʵ⣬˵ģīһģѾǷŭԸӵĵزˡ
Ψɱ¾ַŭͷų
ڳģһٶ౱̵ʿЩˣȫǱȺˡ˵ʧһ̶˽ǡ
ڴ˿̣ڳīУЩˡȫˣ
Ǽնȥץź¡ˮ̵Щ̵ӣֱ촦Ĳ
ˮͬճյĿųīЩǱľϣǿĵЦݡ
ޱ𾪡
ޱ𾪡
ޱ𾪡


1487 ɱͷ
ǲܲе𾪣ǶƬصĳǵиʿУǾɡڴ˿̣ȫּȲʵĸо
ͺһ
ǿˡ
ǲΣ
£Ѿ̤ʥŮӣֲŵĸоüҪιȥˡ
īûж˵ϻŮֱ˲ȥ
ȻԶѾʼӴܵЩʥʿ۾¶һĨޱɭĹâ
ߣ
ī̧־һ˿̣߱ĵϣѾһ㵭ĺɫ
ȻȥǺԣոգѾԵ
㵽ʲôˣ
Ǳ̸кԹ𣿡
ǵ棬Ǵʥ۷ĴܣԴǣ
㲻ɱҡ
Գīޱȱɱ¾Ⱥ̵ʿȫ˵Ҫŵûɢˣ
ƾ˵ʲôô˵Ӧǵģֻһ貶ѤĿĵâ
һһһüΨɱ¾
ʥˣںۡгɱĳīǰȫûκεķǵ֪ɱԼ˵˭
ЩϵǺƣ
̵칬Ѿϵˣʥ֮սĴʥ£칬ûб״Ѿһ漣ˡ
ԣܾӵĵطλڱ
ػƵĵӣĿһյյڱݵλߵĴĻƱ˶ŵ̱챻ûˡ
黹û꣬ڼӷһȥ㱨ʱۿɼģĻƣʼһյյı顭
պ󣬱̵֮ΪĵӻƣѾ˳յ
ˣ
ϢסΪУ̫ԵסЩػƵĵӣʱھʧ֮£ûпȥʲôԣϢܿģ򴫳
Ƭ嫵ĽϣˣŴˡ
˭
ʲôˣȻǿ󣬻ɱô౱ʿ
һˣһȺˣ
Դ֮ǰʥ֮󣬼зǱ̵ʿȫѾˣҲˡֿȻûֹͣȫѾ˾֮СΪзĻᡣ
ôʥˣһʥ۾³˭ֿܵ
ڣǵЩʥˣȻҪɱˣ
Щ𾳽ʿ˸ޱȲأ
˭ģԱʿ˵ⶼһҩ

ս

ɱ¾
սѸٵһڱȼ֮ǰҪϨ𣬵ΪϢֿʼȼ
ڷѰҺ׷ɱīټÿһΣһֻһƬһЩ̵ӵĲ֫ϱۡ
쳤Хŭ´ʥԣһҪʬΣ
ʱգȻȫֵ֪˭ʲôŮʲôΪһϢȻһ㶼ûУ
Ա־˵ֱһĪĳ裬޷ܵĳ衣
һΪƬͷˣȻ˸Ūңִı̣ȻҪһˣֱܴ裡
ǵģֵģһˣңһʥˣ
ЩսϲϢУ׵ĸܵԷǿ󣬵ȴǴʥǿ
īı̵ӣȫǱīֱӺɱ塢ꡭ˲ɢ
ȻǱ־ˣҲû취лԭκõϢԣһֱڣȻһ֪
ҪֱǳȻ㾾𣿡汻³һѪ
ʱĳīٶʧڱ޾ϡûһ˿һĺۼƾݣûҵõϢ
ī˲統Уʮյɱ¾ı̵ӣ߱쵶¡߱ĵ棬ֿʼһ޵ĺɫȻ֮ǰ۷״̬߱컹в࣬ȴҲˡ
Щīɱıʿû֮µģһһǿߡԣ߱ǿ֮Ѫ˸
ʣµʱ䣬ҪīɱǿʿǴʥ֣ȻĻ߱˵Ҳˡ
һʱŮȫָòˡ
дֶҩл¯ϵƵҩºˣÿϣ˴¯ƳĵҩǶǲ̫ˣ
¯ȻơȻûκͣļ
īЩõսƷҲǲʲôҩģֱ¯һӡ
һ£ҩ
ЩīûиŮκεĽΪҪǹɺ嫵ɱһֱļ䣬һŮͨǹɱͻй
ʮȥīеǹɱɢòˣ̵ЩǿҲɱͬɥ֮Ȯ¶ˡͣ£ص˲С
ôˣ¿ųīʵ
ûˣһ֮⣬ûκˣвǡīϣ¶Цݡ
ŮӣҲȫ˿
֮ǰֱһζ겻̫໰Ҫ֮ͨȴַ֣һʱֲ֪ôӺ˵𡣼Ůӣȫꡣ
Цʲô˵ţųīôᵽ
Ҽȴû뵽ҲڡīЦ
˷һЩ˴˵ľҪǳī˵ΪЩľǸ֪īʲô
֪ī壬Ѿĸž۵Ϣ֮ŮԵ÷ǳġ
󣬺Ҳī˵Ǿħµ·׻ƴ򣬾Ѱһ
֮ŷ֣磬ֱ̫ʺˡ׻ƴŨ̫౶ԣǾӵ㹻Ļ֮ȥҸոճʥʱ򣬱̾Ѿ򡭡̾һǲ뵽ķȥҲ׷ʲôû뵽ǱϽû뵽ǣȻҲ̫ˣ
ǰȷɡī˵ţµĸоˣŮҪΣˡ¶Ҳδݵȥ
ԣеҲޱȡ
ǣһʲô㣿¿ųīʵ
ҪҵĶڻûжͷѾ֪˱ʲôҪҵĶҵϡԣҸ֮䣬һսī˵
š֮䡭һսŮһ
ڱʱȳīܶ࣬ЩԱ̺ͱҲһ˽ⶼûСȻ֪һĿֲͷߡ
ǶԳīȻҲѾһֽäĿĵزīܴ
īǵǵĿ⾡۵ףȻЦ˵İɣҲû׼ɡǾﾲǣطֻҪǽͻƣͲκܹҵǡ
ŮͷҲûһ硣˵ģƬͬһĺɢϢ˵ⲻһͨĵط
īҲûнͣҲûйĸŮɣֱӴӲг
Ȼ֮ǰӪŮʱ·ǸطȥӦôһѪ£
պ󣬳īֻص·ǸطȻ÷ˮͨʼ
ܿ죬ȷ˾ķλһƬ޽ľ޴ɽ롣


1488 
ÿһɽ룬ôڱĴϣͬһһ㡣
Щɽ룬īǳЩź̾Ϣһеڣûнǳ뵽ȥȫ١
ҲóīжԱ̵ĺ˵һѪ֮󣬸֮䣬϶Ҫһ˵ġ˳㣬Ŀǳͼȫ
ͬǲĲƸīŹ
ʵīҪẒ̣́ҲŹ
ԹѾһ𣬾ûУҲһ
īŷˮͨλøϹȥƬɽ۵أһķˮأ
ǻԼѡطīϣ̲ס¶֮̾ɫ漴£Ȼû뵽ɽ뵱С
һ̣ī뵽һعС
⴦عޱȺżǿķӡǳīϴŲڵľ磬ûа취뵽ط¾ǴʥʿҲѽ뵽⴦عС
īΣոսͿһӣվЦĿԼ
ī΢΢һӣû˵
ڻҵط̾һʾī¡
īֱһʯ棬ӣ֪ˣ
ӵͷ¶һ˿º͵Цݣ֪ˡ
ǡΪʲôûг֣īʵ
ΪʲôҪ֣ЦЦΪϣ
īһԣһֱΪʮѪһģԴӵɽʱջѪµʱ̬Ѿ˲Сı仯
ʮѪ£Ѿڲ߿ţֻڻѪϸܵǿԸʣǺջĹպͷϣīûиܵǿҵԡ
ⲢûԸ
㣬ī֪ˣ˵ЩЩѪ£İʵ̫ˡൽȥ㡣
īҲϰвߵӡ
˵īٴԶԵĸо֪˵Щʲôźá
ΪʲôĬ΢ЦųīˣǼ񣡡
ǿźųƿɼѪ£
ųīȻ˵ôȥʵ㻹Ǹӡ
ţīһüңĿǰӣң
Ȼͷôֻصߣ߱ôգ¯ҲΪķ
˵ôԥһ£ųīǡվѡ㣬ƪģҲѾõ˰ɣʵûʲô˵ġһֱ㶼ǣ
ҲסīܹоĻУϢǳ󡣵ȴָоܡ
ɣȥն͹һĸԸĻصߣôҾͻųīȻ̾ϢһôԪȥֻص㡭Ȼӣ඼ûҲǾˡ
ī͵̧ͷż񣺡ֻأʶġǰң
ʶǸˣѾˣȻ㳤һģһƢҲûж仯ĵȷȷˡҡҡͷ¶˸Уô˵أˡܹ޾£ٴο㣬˾á棡㣬Ҳˣ䣬ȷֻصġԣҿԸ˵һЩ顣˾ˣЩ飬һ˵ȥҡȻ㣬಻ܳܡ
īͷ˵ɡ
ǰǲˡЩ˵ĵ׼ȷ˵ǰһΪǸˣȻһģһȴĲ㡣ǵˣǡ
γɵīǳ鴤ţԼĻɡ
γɣǡֱӵ˵㴴ǣʮѪ¡γɵġǰѵǡǰѵ顭ѾˡһֻͬءʲôʱˣŻѡ
īĬţЩȫΪȷЩ⡣
Ϊĳԭȥֻˡԭ㲻Ҫң֪Ҳޡҡ˵ųīֱ˵˵ȥֻأǰѵԸ㣬ҲԸ㡣ʮʵҲԸ⡣ǡ˲Ը⡣ֲǡǻˡ
Ǵͨܳ𣿡īʵ
΢΢һųī벻֪ͨˡ
˵ţͷǵģǴͨܳġ֮ܳҡ硢ն͹һĸ֪УʵǴڳģԣҪѰǸᡣߡϣȵѵһ졣ͬʱҲӡ󲿷ֵļ䡣ΪЩ䣬Ӱ̫ˡ浽޴ɹԣҲû˵ɣ
īͷ
˵뵽һ̣ҾѾӦˡʵʱɱ㡣
ī΢΢һż
ҡҡͷУǶ㴴ģ¡㵱Ҳû顣ԣȻܹģʵҲɱ㡣Ͼ߿Ѫ¶ϣĶ㶯֣˲ͻѣֱӰҸ˺顣࡭ֻǵֵܣ㣬ȴǵĸס
īͷߣһı飬˵̫ˡƫƫģԼЩҲκ
ΪʲôҪֻأԸģǱұȵģīʵͨһ磿ﶼʲôˣʲôͨһߣһһģһ𣿡
ȿȡҾͲ˵һҵĸףһʳô⣬𣿡ޱȿʵϣ¶֮ɫųīһᶨһƵĵҾ֪ܸ˵Щֻأֲ
һգѵģ𣿡īʵ
ֵһĬһͷԣģ㲻ܾѵļʣҲܴ󡣡˵ţһ̹ȻĿųīΪʲôֻأ漰̫Ҳ˵гһܾѣԼȻ֪ͨô˵أһ硣񡭡ͨеĶһս񣬲ҪΪϰʲô¶ͨЩˣʮ֮˾ţǲԸϵġģҲٶ˵ʲôˡͨһߣȷһͬ硣ϸ˵кܶ
˵⣬¶ֿ֮ɫ˵˵ˣˣɣȥն͹һɣȻԸع飬Ҳع顣ǶԸǾֻ˵Ǹ޾£ʵ֪ʲôǶˣѡһطʵҲˡȻ㻹ѰˡҲ
ҲϲɲӣҪлл㣬֪˲顣ī˵ȥӦһĴҵģֱøˡ
ôǳ˳飬˵ǲǴ˵ȷ
󣬳ī⴦عиȥȻʱԸع飬Ҳǿն͹һȻʱ֪λãȻ˵ˣѡ֮أôԳī˵ҵǣҲǶôѵһ¡
ī뿪֮󣬼ܾöûжһ¡
գѿ죬¶һ˿Цݣ૵ֻأѲ⡣ǣѾˡô죿
˵꣬ҡҡͷȻ̾Ϣһνʧʯϣʣһ貶ĿѪ¡


1489 ֱɱ
˵˵Щ̫翣ԳīȻ˲СӰ죬뿪⴦ع֮󣬺ܾöԳƽ˵Щ̫˵ѣΪʲôѪȴûиԼ˵Щһ㣬īǿȷģɽ緢ֻѪµʱҲйܼҵķӦع鵽ǲ飬Ѫһ֣عġ
£īͻȻ뵽һ£ƺڵõѪµʱ򣬼йһȱʧƺҲʧһʱ䡣ȵٴγ֮󣬾ʹԭĿѪ£šѪ£ҲѾعˡ
ǶʱҲһЩ֪顣
ī̾һûٻͷȥʲôֱӳԶ⴦عķȥʼ÷ˮͨʼ򣬶ݷΧ֮ڡ
ݷˮͨеʾһʮˮ֮أ
ֵط֮ͬǰ칬һȫյĻ֮ءıأŨ˼ĳ̶ȡ
ͨ˵ĵطᱻǿռݡҪôѰҵ⴦طһǸӡ˺ѷһءҲֻгī־ͨˮͨʿݳ
ʮīݱĵͼų߰˴ռݵĵطȻʣܾܿն͹һѪµĲ֮ˡ
ȷЩ֮󣬳īٴοʼ·ˡ
󣬳īһˮ֮ػʣС·̣·ߡ
סȥ·ģһɷǵߣ׷ͯգһɫĵۣվգƮ裬оϵҲûκΣյϢī˵ĵһӦʶģΪһǿߡ
һƽ͵Ŀųīȿ˵ˣǳƪġҲΪ㣬ֱӷȥ
棡
īһ֪ôġΪǳ֮ѾǿǳϢҲûʹǳ֮诺ҡǣҲȫڲС˵Ȼ죬Ҳֱ
λǰҲ̫˵ʲôīϡ
΢΢һЦ˵㿴ϣѾˣϣ߱죬л¯ⱱãˣ̰ð
ī͵ĳȥһֱ˳ˣ
棬ԭӦһ֪ˣȻϵ׶ƿˡҪ˵ͨݵ֪ģīԲšΪЩϴڣҲӵ
䣬ܹԳī˽ˣ׻ƴеЩ֮⡭Ҳûжˡ
⵱Уһֿܣ
壡
У˽ˣЩһֱҪɱĻ֧Ǻ޲ȥźá
ǰ룬ӦϴˡͷڳīвһһƽӼãȻĿǰ˵˵ʲôȫ
Ҫô̾ϢһϷϣ̶ļλѣȷЩϵıʿЩϷ򶼿ԲȥƽϡңϷҲϧһ콾һ콾Ϸ򲢲壬ǵķŭԣӣϷú̸̸Ǿһֺƽķʽ¡˵أ
Ѿҿȫĵƣʱ򣬳īҲôϣ¶ԷҲϡǺܸɴĵ˵ͷ̸֮ǰҪ֪˭ҡ
ЦЦѵͲϷݳģϷȻݳǼйϵŮӣΪʲôݳݣ
㲻ܡīһƽ˵㲻˵ҲûʲôҪ̸ȥߣδס
ǺһЦǺ£ŹͷǿɾԸء˭㣬Ϸ˵ϷһԶŵˡ
ī˵Ҳûʲô˵ˣټ
˵ţīһֱʧ
߿ûôסڱ˵˲䣬ʱγһֲ﷽ԲͬһУһֱ쵽ص
·ţ
ϣ
һѤĵ⣬ſֱֲӱնһ޴ƥĿӡ
Ȼ󣬳īΣݲȵĴжߡ
վԭأûг֣Ҳûжһ˫Уâ˸૵еСˣû뵽Ȼɳ֮졣ǰǵ˵ϷһָܰϢ̫ˡ
˵ţīʧĵطһЦѾϷˣ㡭ô
Ȼīû뿪ԶͿǰͻȻһ
һŽɫսµӣһͷ𾳽ľϣһɱǴŽɫսµӣһֳһ˳ꪣĿ
īҪȥѽӳָīЦſڡ
Ȼǣ
īü䣬һĨɷ
һ仰û˵˵ֱ˷ʱԼ
̧־һȭ˶ȭӡֱӽմ򴩣쵽˼ĵز
㡭
Ӹո˵һ֣īȭͷѾǰ
ӵһʵѾﵽʥ˾磡
ɳɱīˣûһߣӵķӦҲǼġʥ˾磬صǿȻޱȲִ٣ȻؾԼǰγһϡ
飡
ǿķڳīһȭǰһͿֱӱ÷顣
Ȼ󣬳īȭͷʵʵӵϡһ죬Ȼˣȫһľĸое䣡
꣡
һͷѵӵͬԴһ𣬱īһȭҵϡã
С塭ǱһʥĻ֧ޱȷŭ
ȴģȴһѤޱȵĵ⡣
ңʥʿŭ죬һֱӼԼķһݺݳ߱졣
飡
飬壬ֱӱնأ
ʥʿֱӱŵüɢӣֱһ˳Զľ롣
ͬʱЩʥ˾ʿһųī˹
ȫû뵽ʱ䣬īһսȻѾǿܸʥԿĳ̶ȣ֮ǰԳīӺͲмһˣȫ׵˾⡣һŵøεҲ˲ʲôʼҵķȺߵˣһųīΧ
īԴǳ֮δһĴսԱ棬īԼƴõĽ־ܾˡԣʱ
ȺˣȴһѹûУ
ȻǿԽңԶǺӣֵܵطɱңһҪô
īУôģ
ͨ
Ҫ
ֱɱǣ


1490 
е߱죬治ϱøӳ졣
ңÿɱһ֧ǿʿͻһκϡϽѪī뵽嵱У
ЩϵĻѪȻܵӽޣܲסǵľҲȫһ˿ϽѪøǿ
˿̣ȴǱ˳ī
ȺˣһʮˣҲʥ˾ʿһʥڵʿ
ԭΪϳīֱʮþȣ豱֣ǾͿԽīѹȴû뵽ȫһò¡ֱһĲ£
գۼ䣬īѾնʥ˾ʿǸʥĻ֧ҲشĿѵĿųīŭī߱ɱͬ壬㡭ܵͽģ
ī̧Ⱦһţݺʥʿ
飡
ʥĻ֧īݺݵĶԺһǣ壬ȴͬߵķһԶԶ׷ɳȥ
󣬳ī־һԼĴʥ
ּҵıըֱӽһظ
޾ĽȫΪȺ˵սһƬ
ī䣬һʥʿͷ­ն䣬Ȼһ߹ȥֱӽͷ­ߵñ顣
һʱ䣬ʮϹɱֻ֧ʣһʥʿһȻĿųī
ī㣬㲻ˣħʥʿ嵱Уӵźܸߵĵλһ·˳˳ˮĽʥûīֲֿĶ֡
ȷǷɱīģû뵽һš˼᲻ɴݵ档
ʧ֮ǰδġ
ԭӦһ֮ǰкܶˣƴΪֻҪīһЩϴھͻ֧ϵ
ʱЩ֧ͳĻӵܣ
ֻɱīˣõĹͣ˭涼
ʥǻ֧Уλ൱֮ߣҲ൱ߵһܹõᣬķǳ⡣Ҳǳġ
ڣ棬޵Ŀ־֮⣬ʣµġֻ޾Ļںޡ
ΪʲôҪкܶҪġʥĻ֧һĿųīȻ˵īңҿͶ𣿡
˵أī俴˵Ҫһʲô


ʥĻ֧һ㵣ȫװġ
Сһֱ죬֣Ҳ˵˵ˣ˵ˡȴûκˣ
ԣĳ״סˣȫţ֣͸ġ
ô㲻īЦҵĶ֣Ƿʲôô꣬Ҹо֮⣬ʲô
ʥһǿҵķŭӿŭҲǷ
ŶΣī߱쵶һָսϻ
ʥĻ֧һɬսûˡʱ򱱶ܹϹǣϹôȻǲᣡ
ȺˣϢ棬֮䣬ҲǺĹϵˣôܹǣ˿Ҳֻվǿְɣ
īҿԷΪԸṩ֧鱨㣬㲻һֱ֪ЩˣɱЩˣ˭ôѵ֪һЩҡҶԸ㡣ֻҪɱҡԸΪūͣʥĻ֧˾
īȻΪĿҵˣǼϴھϲЩ֧ڱ棬ҺθɣȺˣͷһһɱɾˣҪһʲô
˵ţī̧־һ
񵶷
ʱ򣬳īٶʩչ񵶷ǵһĵز
ʮŻ弧磬Ҳȫ벻īһԵȻᱻī̶ֳȡ
ʥĻֵֵ֧ĵУҲޱȸġ˵ⱱһ磬ȫûκ⡣Ҫʥ˾Щʿǿ
һ֣ǺӾͻ
޾ɽأͻữС
ڳīǰǲУ
īûжǳҲûжһǳ֮
ֻƾ֮ǰĵУѹʥǿʿ
һٴνʥĻ֧룬ٴһ֮ʥʿֱӷ˵ֿգųīӣүҪôһɱңҪôūͣĥˡˣ
޾Ŀ־壬ֱӽʥ߳״ݻˣ
ѾīĥΪҪҪɱոһԾûˣ
꣡
īһʥͷ­ն£Ȼ˼ͳ־ĿУͷ­ͬԪһ𣬻ɢ
ΪܹݣҪ㣿档īͷһۣһֱӶߡ
֮󣬱׷طĵĸһ£Ȼ˫ֽӡʼ׷ֻǿһЩҵƬλ档Щ棬ҲѾ㹻ˡΪԵˣõһ
úݵһһ
Ŀ˸૵ԽǿʿɱԽ˼СӣɹϷȤѾ̫꣬ûȤˡҲգڳΪͷ֮ǰ׼ˣ
˵ţ΢΢Ƭ̣㳯ųīʧķ׷˹ȥ
īе߱죬˿ѾһƬѪ죬ɢļµѪ⡣
һȺ֧ľǿߣĵ£Уûκλ⡣
ʵϣ֪ЩһڵҪǻ֧Ⱥ֮󣬳ī֮䣬Ѿˡ
һΣǲ֪ô֪ԼڱϢȻôǿߣĿȻҪ׾ɱīûһڣһǱߵôˡסˣûȥʡ
ǲģӰԼĵģ
ĸıӻ£Ҫǻܳκ⣬Ҳֻ˵塭ѾˡֻҪճһڣôĸĸ˫ףͲκΣա
һ㣬īк
ԣȥʣҲûбҪȥʡ
һսҲóīʱ֮һδǿġ޵еٴα
Ҫƣƾڣ
Ҫ볹׽ҪǿƣҲҪսơ
·ϣī˼̵ʿǿģҲ𾳽硣ûκ֣ͣ㽫Щȫѹ
ЩȻƣҲʤޡֻ˳Ϊ֮ˡ
󣬳īҪӽˮͨݵǴ۵ķˮʱһȺ̵ĵӡ
Ⱥ˾ȻһȺʿֻǿһۣīֱѡӡֵȤûˡ
Ⱥ̵ĵӣζ벻
īֱӽ뵽⴦ˮصĵعСֵعȻγɡ
⴦ع棬īٴμһˡ


1491 һ
һѩӣһͷīĳڼϡݾ£൱
īĵһ仰ǳƣˣеŶ
Ҫ𣿡īƽĿѩӣ˵Ӧع飬ŴӦع飿
΢΢һƺеֳī̬ȡüңųī˵ꡭе㲻һء
Ŷңʲôģīʵ
㡭ţڵ㣬ƺҪһЩȻһǿӲʱ㣬ǱȽº͵ġӿųīڣֻһɱսֲˡȷкܴĲͬţֻ飬Ȼסøӿˡ
ҲǺ¡ī˵
Ҳɡ˵Ҹߣնһ
ī΢΢۾ӣ˵Ҫ߱𣿡
һ˵ðɣȻ֪˺ܶ飬ӦǼ˵İɣҲֻŻ˵Щ顣
ΪʲôҪնһīŰӡ
Ϊն뿴㣬ûʸΪҵˡһ̹ȻĿųīһӲ£ǡ㴴飬Ҳһߡ
īͷߣĵⱨӦĻ죡ԼոǷתͷȻͱһ˸˻
Ҫնһǰɣɡīֳ߱죬ĿŰӣϵơһ
΢΢һЦСˣ
˵ţУͻȻģͶһѵѵȥʮͨѰһѵ㲻ϡУѵȴ˲һ
ˣ
Ӿеĵֱīһ򵥵ɽī񵶷м֮
һȴֲ̫ˣ
٣īûһϣֵ
һаĴϣֱնһǺӣ
īһϵƣֱ˼¡Ȼе߱죬һ
ϣ
ѵԺһ
ع˲
ͬΧĴأޱߺеľһšȻ󡭡̼³ȥ
򣬶ֱӲһ£
ΧԲʮﷶΧ֮ڣеһȫųȥ
һֱӰ״ˣ
ȻУӳٷվֻУѾһ
īվĶ棬ϵı飬ȥЩ졣վ˳˼СӲûдֻվǣ΢ЦĿųī
ãīڳһȻŰӣҵˡ
ûϵҾġͬҵĸһ㣬Լĸף룬Ӧ쾭ɣ˵ֱ꣬ӻһâīؿڡ
նѪ£λ
ոһīûܵκ˺նһУһȫµĵ֮ңһ󣬳īƣ˲䱩ǣﵽһ۷״̬
ľȻǶϱ棬īҲһǿҵ޵
⣬Ȼǲ
īһԶգԶݡ
󣬱ϵؼ˵벻һѪ£ȻӵϧϧȴǲΪáֻнī׻ɱҡķڷֻɱҲſлᣬõϵļԣôϷᣡҵҪһʥ綼ˣܹǿʲôز۷崦ɱһ츳ԶʤԼţġ
Ƭ֮䣬ûκһʥ˾ʿնɱһʥ۵İ벽ͷ
ֻ޷ĺӣʥ˾ʱҲû
ڵʥۣͬΪ벽ͷֱսϴڵЩͷҲûɱһͷ
ԣīôǿҲǿֻγɵĺӰ
īҲеױˡһèϷèīƾīƣɳīڱĽ֮ϡ
ɱʲôУ
³īˣȥһ£
ĿģҪڳīƣ۵۵ʱ֡ɱī߳īϵǳС
ʱɱī³īһ󾳽磬Ա˵Ҳôġ
ͺñһˣһ׾ɵ񣬸һҪþ˼ǧɵ񣬶֮䣬õĳɾ͸и飬ȫǲһġ
ڳīֲεʿ˵һѵջġϴ
ԣԸųīССʥˡȥīѾʥǾԻһ󡣱ȥơ
Щ֮󣬳īҲˣݵĵڶ۵ķˮУûзֹһѪµټطľѾˣ
һֲһ磬ҲѾﵽʥڵĲΡ
īһ㶼ûһս֮󣬽ɵֱӻɱȻ󽫺嫾뵽Լ嵱С
޴ĵ̨ԶιһľȻûκα͵ļ󡣲̨֮ϣǷǧģȥǸһЩ
õġ
һӣһ׷
׷ʱ򣬸ɵɱ֮µĲ۾
īһһεƷ֮ǰĸ֪
ķˮأȻҲܹҵȴҪʱݺʹʱȥѰҡҪ׼Ķλܵϴ־ͷļ
īһʥ˾ʿȻѾӵ˿ֲˣЩţ˹ڲһЩ˵۾â˸Ǽıص֮ģǿ˼֡
º󣬳īڵ۵ķˮУڼһѪ¡һ
óīЩǣһȻһŮӡһѹµŮӡ·ȫ䣬߹󣬵ȴ䡣޵£ȴֲ˸оʵ
īһֱʩȻûڵһʱ俪ڣϸĴųīƬ֮˵һɡ
īĬĬͷ
һ赭дΪһֻ̧̧֣ûκһ̻ϢҲûκεڵ⴦عûһ㶯
ҲûС
˳ī֮⣬ûκ֪طһޱȿֲĽ档
һһǳųīʶȥģ
Ȼûκһ˿һĶīľʶУȴˣ
īǺޱߵľʶڹһһ֮£㳹㸲
ͬģīûиܵκεĲʣ֮д裬໥ιһһһóī˲̫ھĴ
һʱ䣬Щ
ϵƣ˲øǿˣ
ھ֮ϡٴα֣
һȻһЦȻһâع鵽ȥ


1492 
ʮѪ£Ѿλſţ񣬾ֻʣһѪ¡
ǣīٶ۷ȥ
նһûκβĻعˣôҲӦŵԲŶԡ
˳īôãȴֳīȻ˻ȥЦѵΪԼͿӹҵ׷
ʱ˿̣֪īѾ֪ǹγīƵ飬ڱ濴īӦǻ뷽跨Ҫߡֻǣߵô
˵ˣ˵īݡλˮصı£ʹߣ
ͷȻҲӵУȴҪĴȥݡī赭дľҵôˮصģ
ÿһȫ
澳ϴڵļ֮󣬱Ǳ棬ҲҪľϵԼĵС
īֻص˼ڵǴع˿īû˵ֱӱϵĴϢԵУųīѹ
¡¡
֮ײֱӻ޾ޡ
Բ֪һȫޡ
򶼲㱻һ򴩡
ī۵һһھѪ⾫ѪУȻһĺɫʡīԼЩˡ벻ԼѪҺУȻʣ
ͬʱ嵱еϽɫѪҲѪӿ
֪ΪΣīûиоԼκεֽ뵽һƬصĸо
·꣬һ˲ࡣ
һȵĿżȻ֪һԼ壬ȷһ£嵱УѪʧˣ
ͬʱʧģʵһѪ
Ҳ˵ȻǳĶӣ١ġʵϣ嵱УһھѪϴеѪʳȥҲһͼһѪһͬϴˣ
ָоóīжʱӡǿҵĲᡣ
ͬʱԶļͳˣǻ΢΢һȻԷ¶˼ı顣
ǵĺӡ
ī
ͬ¶ǿҵıˡ
УҪȥ򣡡ˮ˲们䡣
ԣٸӦһ¡վҪӳһЩż𣺡ĸģӡͬģţ
΢΢һ漴ۣȻʼӦãȷΪʲôʧȥӵĸо
ҲСҲüͷ棬϶ԭ򣬲ҶѲ
̾ϢҸոյõϢ֧ЩˣӦȥ׷ɱǵĶˡ
У¶޾ıͲмƾЩˣǵĶӣҪô׾ɱҲߵˣ
ЩʹԼǻѪˡ̾
𣺡İɣǵĺӣһ׻ģ
ͷ˳ļϡ
ߡ
īĿƮյǵѪȻȥֻһѪʵϣ̺һƬ޴ĺ
ųīȻ˵ϡǻһ
ʲô˼īЩãȻĿż񣬸ոһ˲䣬ֱӵһ־۵״ֹ̬ѪĸоȴóīЩã
ѪҲãǳһѪҲãûԭѪ߹ʵϣûнҵ־ٶһ죬ҲһὫǳԣûбҪᡣֱӽЩѪ浽ķУȻĸĶӡ˵
ī۾һܹܣǰһͨʵ׸ͼ֮ĹѪ飬ȴּΪѹĸо
󣬳īǾٻžѪĺɫֱ˹֮ע뵽߷У
ɲǼ䣬߷ϣǶһޱµϢҲһֲ˼ԣ
ˢһ˫ۣȻ¶һĨĵЦݡųīһȭлѳȫ
īЩΪʵԼ뷨ֻͨ˵ˡ
ʱͷ޾񷣬Ȼܲ
īҲ˲֪ɣԭھѪע뵽У۷ķȻҪɽˣ
ʥ˽٣
ī໥һۣ۾΢΢һ뵽ʲôԳī˵һܳɡȻ⣬ǡں߷ɡ
ʲô˼īЩ⡣
̾Ϣҵɼʵǰһҵġ߷ںȥľѪֱ֮ӷҶ벻䡣δɳ·ѷɫҲ˵ҴˣĸѪںһ𣬻ᵮһľǿߣԣں֮󣬿ֱӶɴʥˡȻһûݵ·⻰⻰ǵԼ˵ġֻǡûšȴġ
˵ţһâīؿڡ
ʮ¹λɲǼ䣬棬Ϣâ
ȻзֱһأԲķΧ֮ڣγһ޴Ĺâ
ýϵı浲档
ֱ֮ӴīľʶУںϷĶɽ١棬
ī΢΢һ漴һ˫ۣҲָ
Ҳ
ԭһ壡
ʶһһһˣ
ԣҪںһûκ谭ֱˮɵ飡
һЦԷӰֱΪһ塣
䣡
ͷգ֮ϣһֲף˲併٣
ʥ٣
ֱӱ˴ʥ٣
ңīٵĴʥ٣ԶЩʿʥ˵ʥԵٿֲ̫࣡
棬ڰ֮⣬üңԶ֮ϵƬƣȻɫĿһ۲ͷųķ֡ȵҪɽ٣Σ
˵ţ̧־һ
һУ޾ش·ƣһ˲䣬ȫе˱ϡ
Ϸγīĵڣ
ΪߣΪǿơȫһ
ֱƣγɵķҪϳīɽ٣Ҫֹ֣ī̤ʥ
һ⣬ֱԱ
ϣ
ֻһâڲϵɢС
һӣ͸ȫ
ȻĴ½˲ķѣЩطֱӾͳˡʧӰ٣
޾ңԶЩλ٣ɽصѺۣϵ¡ֱ˲䱻
統׻ƴһһֱӴ
֪ж飬һ˲䣬֪ĻĳǵľǵĵϵѪҲű۹
ֱע뵽嵱У
ϵƣøǿˣϣֻоͷӵеʥԣ


1493 ľ
ı򣬳ңԶĵطƮȥҪôҪô³Ҫôɵ֪յС
ЩСС飬Ҳ֮£γ˲ǳССԼ
Ƭؼ䣬ֻʣ˲γɵǵԲεĹâڶɽٵĳīΧڵС
һһ򣬵ȴûȡһЧ
ķһûз
泹ױˣûٴγ֣ոһѾ޽ӽǿһˡҲ˵ʹǿĹҲȻͳī֮䣬ᱻƣ
⡭ôܣһԾ𺳵ı顣
޽ӽ澳ͷıߣ¶ȫŵɫЩŵˡ
ʱʶεĳű
ûзЩϴڣЩľͷĶˡҪ֪﷢ʲô
֪ΪΣûκεķŭϣǼʶܹγɼɱγɵķ
ƽһΡޱЩľͷܹһΣ
ϧǣЩʶɨɨͷųķ֮󣬾Ȼ뿪ˣ
ûκζͣ·ֻһۣʲôȤĶûзֱ֣ˡ
ˣ
ǲߣīȻ䷢һ֮¡¡졣
ͬʱ棬ͻȻ䱬һâֱӻ˱Ĵ֮
棬һ̣ȻһǿҵУһͷ⡭֮ͨ
ǲٵĹŵ棬һЩڲϢ˵ɲģֻ˵һ߱죬˵һѸ׵Ϊɱ⻯
Щ˵Ǳżǵġȫǲŵϵļء
ȴˡ
ǲŵصĶӦöģ
ǣЩͨΪʲôе˳ī˵ϣǿʲôزھ𣿾յ̫ϡҲûô˰ɣ
ôܣ
ͻȻ䣬һٶ
ֱȡûбǳ
Ҫ
ڣ
ΪѾһּΪǿҵĲԤУƺīɹʥ֮ȫ˵Ķˣ
ԣΣҲʱ·硣
´˾ٻ⵽Щϴڵٴο̽һԾ澳Ҳˡ
ǳڱȡ֮ȫƥǳ֮˲СȻһ벻ⷢˣ
ǳɳ֮󣬾ȻֱӳŲͷųķȥ
£
ŭɶһһϵбǳѹȥ
޷ŵ鷢ˡ
űӦѹǳȻ޷Ӧûκͣġ˳ȥһ㶼ûܵһѹӰ죡
˲䴩ǵȻû뵽ī嵱С
ĿţīϣҲɳǳתһȦ֮ȫ뵽ī嵱С
¡¡
֮ϵ٣øӿֲˣ
٣棬Ϊ֮ɫ䡣ΪٵѾ޽ӽе澳ˣ
⡭⵽ǡô£
һױɫ
ǸӦáҲܻᷢ⣬ǳģȻ֪ǳ̺֪ͬЩǳӦзī
Ϊʲô
ʱ嵱УѾǿǳȻҲʼƺҪһ㣡
Ҳұң泹ױŭˣҲ׵ķˡһֱӶϵУѹԼеǳ
ϵͼȴĴռСವһӷɳԲ˼ٶȣֱӴ˲ķɽ˳ī嵱С
۵һһѪ뷢ˣ
õһǳֵõŵͼӴ۷塣ʥô澳ѰĿ꣬ɱȻ󳹵סǸ
޷̫־磬гһգٵһ̣ٿֱ뿪磬뵽ͨС
Ϊ飡
޾£ĺ֣⾪֡еЩͷȫƭۿžɹֻһ֮ңһС֮С
ɶ̶еһУȻͳ˾ˮλӰȫɿˣ
ڽ֮ǰȫΪһССʥˣܹԼĴʲôӰ졣ڸոգȻЩԤУȻû̫ĵǡǿҲǸ͵ķǳīһֱŷɹ֮վҪԼģ
ֱӡ˶ǳͼīһ˲䣬ˣĲãڴʵΪء
ĿУôΪīӵ־ͷսˣ¡һʵ
ˣǿ󵽹ؼʱ̣ɱܿͷעӵĳ̶ȣ
ţ˶ȥϵǿƥƣҲһһ˥ˡֻǿѹסǽʣһǳѾѹ˶ˣ
Ϊǳ̫ǿˣ
ҲǵڣףԭʼաûŸ꣬εǳ
ԭֻһʱıߡ
ԭˣң
ԭһУҵһΣ
Ѫ¶ĴȫǻԵġֻһ㣬ͿԳΪľͷʧȥ߿ǳʧȥͼʧȥ˵õǧǳĻᡣ
Ҳûκλᣬ̤뵽Ǹ磡
飡
һǳڳ˱ѹǵĻٷȥ
ľһ̣ױ


1494 սֲ
˭ñָоʵ̫˾ﻮô꣬ˮһյ³κˣ¶ûа취ʵ
Ѿһ൱ܳסĴΪһߣǻۻԣǸ־ѰܹȽϵġִҲͬܲˡ
Գīĺ⣬ѾﵽһԸӵĳ̶ȡ
վգһ޵ĿŹĻǵڶɽٵӰ¶޾Թ֮ɫ
ȻһеĻԵҵò㡭īҲõҧ˵ţֱӳǵĻ֡ţǼܹһֱͷųǿҵķâ
ΣԲԸĿųīɹɽ٣Ȼ߿ǳ߿ǳ˶Ҫ˽⡣ǳһóī߿ǳīһ磬˲һּߵĲΡ٣
¡
һƬĻ֮ϣԽһ
ƬĻֻǷһֲ΢˾ĵز沢٣ŹĻҵĹ
䣡
䣡
һһ£һʥ۵ǿߣȫĹ⾰̫ˡ
ޱңԶͬҲܿƬ棬·ĩգ
ĻС
߿ǳȫ˳ī嵱УڳīĵﵱУֱȻ˲䱬ޱȻƶųīľ磬һ·
ڳīĴʥδʱ򣬳īľ磬ѾֱӱƵʥڵĲΡͻƣīҲǿƵһˣ
ûйĸˣͻ߾磬ī׵ġ
٣УǴδйġ
ڷ񹥻Ļı棬ǵĻܸܵīֲֿϢŭ𣬺ݺһٴκǹĻ
ڣһΣĻĲ΢ôһ㡣
ĻУӿ׽ٻһƬ׺ңһΣ׺УȻֳӰ
ʶͣĹŹĻ׺ʵӰ¶˼Ĺâ
ʲôʱٵУҲܳӰˣ
ʱ򣬽ͻȻһì鵽ìȫ׵ɣųīֱӳˣ
¡
һ춯صľ죬Ǹһֱӽīɳȥ
¸޾ңԶľ룬ȻĿīѪˣ
ңһڱǰǵĻȫźݺݵĲһ£
췢һĴЦ˵ͷһ˲ͨˡоѹֵأҲһӱ򿪡ֺĸоѾ֪ûйˡ
ܿͿīһ֮󣬲ûܵشֱǰѪɫ߱죬
ЦݽȥһĿ˫֮ս˸𲻶Ĺâ
飡
׵绯飬׺֮кīÿһγ֣óīмܡīĳɳҲۿɼѸ٣
ѸٵĵԼսʽӦͻȻʥ߼ĸоȻгֵмܵĸоʵϣīȴû̫ܵ˺һģİƣ
⡭±ôʹ޳īһ̣ҲòĽʵĳϣˣģ츳ʿ
·Ϊģ
Ե⣬ҲȫĳѰ˵֪
¡
һ죬īٴζײһ
ûκλڣȫȫġ͵µĶԺ䣡
սĳ棬κ˼ˣһѪڵĸо·ȫѪҺһ˲䣬Ҫӿȼһ
һΣīΣʮǸ׵绯飬ȻҲ
˫սǹɿֲĲֱӽγɵĹĻþҶҡϣȴκһϲɫ
ֲ̫ˣ
սĲѾԽȫһʱ
ĴܸУñһ˱һոջȫˣ֮󣬾Ȼڶʱڣֲ˼ĵز
⻹
Ҫͼٱõˣ᲻һ̤뵽ϴڵľ磿Ϊͷ
۵һһھѪ
һ̣תߣ
Ѿ뿴ȥˣҲͣطˣ
īסʩӸҵһг裬ò˶ãȫỹȥ㣡ͼԶҲõ
ȻΣ˲ʧƬա
Ļ֮еĳīȫûĻһ˵ľȫ׵绯ɵϡ
ʵֲ̫ˡû壬ʵ飬ʮа˾Ż䡣û壬᲻֣Ҳ˵
ôʵѾγˣֲ飬īһٶʮֵľȫԸƽֲĶ֡
ģӣȫٵ׵绯ɡÿһ޾ĻϢ΢һģܲ֡΢һ㣬ͻֱӻҷˣ
ǵޱȸͬҲԵֲֵֿ顣
ī֮һֱ֧ţһİƣҪԭȴԵʡȻĻڵľսѾ嵽˴ʥ߼ҲͬסĹɱ
һʮᡣ
ٻ飬һ͵ӡʼգûκλڵĹػأôС
ҡ̡ɨ
ôУȴԺɨĴʥˣ
澳ϴڣûмʥܹסֲεĹ
īУǸ֮ĵ̨ڼٵתУת̨ڿռ䣬¡¡ϵĽĵӡǵ̨֮ϡ
˿̨̣棬Կӡ̫ิӵġÿһģӵлصĿֲ
⣬ڳī֮
ֲ˹
˫սȻڼīе߱죬ҲڷӶŶԷϵ
߱˵ֻҪսֻҪ㹻ǿͿȥӶᣡ
ӶᣬΪֹûĸֹܹ
ʥе飬Ҳ޷ֹ
һޱȼѵĿսī˾ҹ
ʥ٣ѾеĽƣҲѾɢΨ飬ȴǸīа˱Ѫһ㣬ݣһֱս
˫ѾƾУīսҪһΡ飬Ȼûֹͣս˼
˵ʮ죬īһȥڵһеĳìϵ֮˳ìֱӻ޴׵磬ƺҪʧ
ī֮ĵ̨֮ϣȴһɾ޴ֱӽ޴׵
飬һεġ˳ֿȭԳī
£īֱʩչǿսɱ顣
ڵʮʱ򣬳īڽն룬Ȼնİ룬ţҪһʱкΰӳį̄ͷų
ѹ顣
󣬳į֮̄ϣһųìӰֻӰȥҪ֮ǰģˡ


1495 ׻֮ս
ʥ߼֮£īľһһ֮ǰȫûĲΣԳī˵Ҳһ޴ľϲ
ŵ߿Ǹ̨ϵǧǳ֮ĳϵīЩźĿһԶǿաǸطѾʧ˱Ӱīʮа˾ţȥѰϴȥˡ
Ψһᣡ
ͼ׸ĳϴڣȻǸϴֶԸԼ˵һ鷳¡־磬īܹĸܵϴڵǿ
ֻһս޵˼ĵزЩϴ˵㲻ʲôвӻҲЩϴڵϣҪʤԷҲǲ̫ܵ顣
һεջ񣬶̫ˡ󵽳ī붼ûйĳ̶ȡ
ʱ򣬹Ļʧɻصīϣֱӻһӡǣͣڳīؿڵλá
߱Ѫɫøޣɢޱȱɱ
īһ۱ı̾һԿ࡭
ֱӳ֣ϴеЩĴ½飬ӲĸңԶץ˻Ȼ󣬽Щ½飬ָºϲһ
֮ʧıٶȳƬ嫵浱С
ֻò֮ǰı˺ܴĲ֮ͬ½ϵһУҲ˾䡣⣬ѾǳīܹļˡϾϴڣûһĵС
󣬳ī¡ꡢ塢ˮ̴Ӳٻ
ǰϤЩİŮȫЩãȻ֪һ˲õĴ¡巢ʲôȴǲ֪ġ
ī򵥵ĽһľŮˣīĿ⣬ȫ𺳡
ǰһϲĿųīˮۣգȴû¡
ʥ硭ã·ĵΪīġ
ˮ۲תųīգȴһ̾Щ飬ǲǿġڣȻȻ˳īȴû˹ȥִš
һЩЩһܹڳīߣʵѾˡ
ˮĽȴûκεļΪ꣬ѾŬЩųīŮӣϣ߽īСǸλϣδ̶ֳܹȡ
кܶΪôеɵƫƫģȴõ˳īȫİ
Գīֱ仯˸ˣǸˣһҲڳһľǿߡȴ֪īһ㣬͸һûκιϵ
ãЩ飬Ѿȥˡ
վģǳһĺ
󣬳īŮӣ˵Ҫ׻ƴҪһȥһ𣿡
һӾ֪īҪȥʲôˣͷҪȥҪǡ
Ůһô꣬໥ҲûʲôܣҲˣԣȫ˳īҪȥʲô
飬ܴЦ
ҲҪۿ漣ĵ˵
ˮͺ໥һۣ˵ͷ
Ǻãίڲдһʱ䡣ȵ׻ƴһǳī˵
˵ͷ֪īľ磬Ѿľ޴ࡣǸڳīߣܿīӰӶ
ǼȸеģЩʧ䡣ģΪīеˡ
Ůٴν֮󣬳īһ£׻ƴķһΣʱʧڱ޾ǿա
ʥգ贫ܽճ۵ԭޱңԶľ룬൱
ʮ֮󣬳īΣ׻ƴ棬ԭӦһޱȿֲķӡģǷӡ㣬мʮô
ڣڳīǰģȴһƬˬˬգ
ﻹʲôӡӰӣ
⡭ô£īһ𾪵Ŀš
ͻȻӦ鷢ңԶһսĲ
īü䣬һĨ֮ɫ
ǰ֣֪ҲδѣΣͬԤ֪īľһڵ£׻ƴ˭ҫΪĵˣ
ԣ׻ƴӡ֮ڲԹ
ī˵ţһսķ
һ̣ͿһѪڵս棡
һ޴ãаô󣬻˸ŽɫĹâǿᵽ˼ľءÿһɢֲʥ֮
ǰĶ֣ͬһʥˣŻս£ֳʥķڼҵս
һʮֹϷεŮӣȥֻжʮ꣬òɢʥ˾۵Ϣڸһʥʿս
Ȼһ󾳽磬Ůӣȴ˿ûκʾ˼Ĺֶޱ̬ͬҲǿᵽ¡
ǿƣ·ѾڽѪҺ棬ûֽܹ
мʮɢ۷Ϣʿʥ˻һʿС
ԶһƬǿУһµߣϾȻɢŴʥϢڸһŻƽսµĴʥ׺ݶԾ
ط׻ƴļ½ޱңԶľ롣սӰ첻Ǳߵ硢ɽ硢˽硣īܹԸоȺߣƴҪǱ߳ɱȥ
Ⱥˣסǣ
ȻĻƾսԽԭʹ硢ɽ硢˽÷飡
ȺˣҪ׻׻ƴ
īһ۾ϳȺ˵УкܶȫķΣ
ңĳīķֱȺ˵ķΣȫ֧
֮⣬һЩʿ·ϵıʶīûмȻҲ
Ⱥˡ
īеŭֱȼ
סȺߵģīȫʶ
ΪȺˣȻǵ꽫ڹȺ׻ƴǿߣ
ǳīȺ𾳽ʦ
ƮŮۣ
ã
ڤ
ˮͨ
÷÷
࣬ȫǳīʦ
Ⱥˣ缸ȵīʱ̫ࡣ
ӡڱҲȫӹ߳һεġΪѾ֧ػߡ
ǣ񳯡ǣ
īۿ΢΢Щʪ
ĺܸжȺˣҲǳġ
䣬Ŀ⣬䵽ǸɢŴʥϢʱѪĸоóīһӾ֪˭
һүӣүү
ʥ磬ڹ档벻Ȼڷӡ֮ô̵ʱڣ˴ʥ
˵ʲô
˵׻ƴʿͲ
˵үӵһ츳棬Ҳģ
īͻȻûӰ쵽ļսΪΪֹûһˣĴڡ
үӶսǸŻƽսµĴʥʿһЦ벻ӡôֻ꣬ĺǷ˷ӡ֮ǾȻܹôķ׷ͻơûϵȺˣ˭졣׻ƴҲʧ棡


1496 
µĳү˵ⷬ˵һˣǴΣûгɹΣǸɹҪٵ׻ƴȴǵʬ̤ȥɣ
ϲ벻ôȥ㾹Ȼûϡӡ׻ƴ򣬾ȻȫȺˡĺءŻƽսµĴʥһı飬˿ûκ֮൱
ϵһս൱ǿᣬҰԵ˫
ī׸һԵϢԴˣʵϣԼĹֺγˣֱһУ
Ǹո̤ʥŻƽսµǸʥŲСĲ࣬ȴӲţûа벽
УƮŮ۵ս˸еޣȷ̫ǿˣһʥʿ˫Ȼƾеľ档ʥʿ޹⣬ҪǿѹƮŮۡȴ֣Ĵʥû취ѹµŮˡ
ʱһʼûгֵĴʥͻȻ䱬ǿƥĴʥϢͷŵ¡γɵĳ򣬳׻ƴ緽ֱӳȥ
˵磬ѾҪˣȥǡ
ռġǸϴŭҪȥȴŻƽսµĴʥס̲ס춯صŭ
ûвս֧ʥ˵Ҫ֣͹һӰɣһУģ
ǹɿֲĳ򣬳ķͬһɺХȥֱ̮֮еǳ۴Сһ˲仯
ıԵشʱͻȻײһ޷ͻƵǽ׵סԵһ춯صľ죡
Ǵʥĳס֮󣬷ĳײ
ֵĴʥʱһ𾪣͵ĳһ򿴹ȥ
Ƭһ˵Уֱ߳һһµꡣ֧Ĵʥһ˫۶ʱɵϴ¶˼ɫʧеīô㣿ôܡôܣ
Ļû˵꣬ͿһѪĳ꣬ǰѪľ׵һն
㲻ɱҡǻ塭
֧Ĵʥһ־Ľкȫ㲻īôһӾͳΪʥʿġңȫѹִʥ
ؼ䣬·ֻʣ˳īһ
ѪɫĹâƬ棬Ȼʧɫ
սеˣȫ鲻Խ֣ͣһ͵ĿţǸʵǿ֧ǵĿޱȵѪɫâֱӸն롣
塢ꡢ񡭡˲䱻âĥ
֧Ĵʥǿߣīһնɱ
󣬳īĿ⣬Ͷ˸үүսŻƽսµĻ֧ʥ
ǺܺãĺܲһȺֵزʿѻ壬ϧԽ޾ǺӣطΪ˳ҵļңҵˡīʱ򣬽ŮӲзų
ŮէһЩãȻţǾʹ׷ʲô¡
ǵ̿ƮŮ۵һ˲䣬ˮֱӹ䣬ʦ
ˮҲһ͵ĿƮŮۣͬĺùá
¿ƮŮۣȻֿһ°˫ĳϣۿ˲ʪˣ̲סڻˡڻˣ
ȻʶȺˣܿȺ˵ݣвɳ𺳡벻Щ𣬾Ȼšǽڹ棬һԪļȡڵȵ˽죡
ƮŮϷżɽһϣ¶һ˿Цݣѩڣţ
Цݣ£
ŻƽսµĴʥųīֶ绨Ůӣÿһ޾ǣ˿ȴûаɫͷΪУѱޱߵĿ־ռݡ
ʱǱȺֲֿܲķΧ׷׳Զ׻ƴķȥ
飡
飡
飡
ɵǼ߽ûκηӦ£׷ױ飬ɲǼͳˣ
Ƭգ˲źľȻЩٵ뵽ƬյС
׻ƴ򱻷ӡ̫ˣȱ֡ӪôľȻһ㶼ֱߡ
ʣЩ𾳽ʿһȫŵվǣһҲҶ
⣬赲ǵ
Ⱥһһı壬Ĳһиȫ뵽ƬյС
ʼգīһûжʥ֮⣬Щʥʿȫ֪īôֵġȻǶµ϶ǳīˡȴһ취ûУ
ֻЩǹʿһţ飬ڷ
īϣûһ顣
׻ƴߣȺӹ߳ˣųīҲȫˡ
ͬеޱȵ⣬Ǹʮǰڹ꣬Ȼɳֵزңɱһ㶼
ܶһʼԸīΪ嵱УѪȴյ꣬һǿѹЩͬѪߡ
Դӿīһ˼ҵĿ⣬ûӳīƿ˫ԭ˫۾ʣµֻĴȰ
ӣ
һδϣ
СӣģϿȺ𼸺Ҫˡ̲סԳ˳īһ䡣
϶棬ǸŻƽսµĻ֧ʥȴҪˣŭīЩˣͬѪ
ϡûеѪôīһ䡣̧ͷŻƽսµӣȺûԵֺҵ˹һֱǲɱҡȡΪĿôôڣˣ
īһ仰˳
ŻƽսµĴʥɫǺ죺ī㲻Ҫ̫֣ƼˣһԻٵ׻ƴ򣡡
ԡī˵ţֱӳˣݺһȭŻƽսµĴʥ
ȭͷһӾͳʥǰһ̣ӡʥϡ
飡
һͷѵ죬ֱü˶۵ĸо
ʱ䣬ڳīֵһ˲䣬·סˡ
Ƭռ䣬һƬž
һּĵУ漰ʱͿռֶΣκһʥ߱īġȴѹȫ
ŻƽսµĴʥһսȫסīֹһ˲á
ţīһ㽫ͷ­ն£ʥѪҺ˳ʬӿȪһ㣬Ƭա
ʥѪһξͿԻٵ磡
ڴ˿̣ѪҺȴԵ
һ֪˶µĻ֧ʥ˳īĵ¡
ʣһʥԭƮŮ۶սǸ
ˣһīȫʶ
ųīͬ־壬ȴżְȻ˵ī£ҪֵĻȥЩͬˣֻǮƣ֡⣬棬Ǻ档Ӧ˵һͷϴڡ
ûʥ˵꣬ӭ˳īһŭСһ⡣
һ޵ģѪɫâ


1497 ͷ
꣡
ʥʿϴںĺˣīһˡ
ڳЩʥʿһȫɵˡ

ֱһɱ񰡣
˭Ӷ
ͷ֮һĺˣȻҲ˵ɱɱݵǣȺʥʿȫ𺳵ü˿־塣
׻ƴߣˣȫīǿƸܵѪڡ
һĳϣųīĿ⣬øС֮ǰֳĴȰͻϲȴһּʿĽͳݣ
ȻⲢ϶Գī͡
īĿ⣬Ҳȫݡ
Ǻеİ⣬վֳƿ죺ɱúãɱɱû۽У
׻ƴߵˣǳϺƮŮϷϣҲ¶һĨŹ֮ɫһʥľɫŮȻ꿴īƺʲô
īʱ򣬽ĿͶȺʥߡ
һ֧ʥʿ˫һֱӹУͷӡڴͬһԴķϣһɣԸΪūͣԸΪ顭ǣԸ⹱׳ǵꡭɱǡɱǣ
ߣ̰Ϊ飡һʥʿݺһĭǸڵصĻ֧¹ȥ
ʥʿĭˣ;׼̶ȶǲġ磬ҲһĭᱻֱӴ򴩣ޱȿֲĴˣ
һĭڰУͻȻͣסȻ󡭡Ըٶȣ³ĭֱӷ˻ȥ
ޱȾ׼ķʽɻص˵
һж̫Ҳ̫ͻȻǵʯһ˲䣬ܶ𾳽׻ƴʿû巢ʲô
ϺϷԼ¡⼸ˣȫһŹֵı顣ƺЦеġ
ֲ飬ȴں档
һĭص˵֮󣬲ǽǡһʼ
Ϊֱ˳ʥ˵ĿǻԴ͸γһ޴Ŀ
ʥʿ
ԼһĭϣҲһ޶ˡ
ǸĻ֧Ǳīͨ𺳵ûɢϵĿͷ
ʱȺʥʿУмĳΪūͣͷǿӲ֮׷վԳī
Сܵһʱȴ޷һò˶ãͻľͷ֣
ͷǲŹģ
棬һʮͷһ룬ģ
ΪܻɱʥǾͻ㣬ǾЩͷһڵҡβ
վŭīȺˣȫǸġֻһ֧վֳԼǿӲ
ճһǲ赲Ĵơ˳ҹһǵתͷͻ˸ǱѩޣǼϻӵܣҹ
ī߱ɱͬѪף㲻ú
ʱ򣬳ȺеʲôһֱΪԸǣҪɱīı壬ж嶼ûκκøСڲ֪е㲻һ
ʲôճһѵ˵ȺĻ壬ǵճһǻ֧
վգΣСһɶߣͨͬƽͣȥޱ䡣ǿնۿУû۾ȴһעʲôĸо
ڡšīޱ͡ڿһһ
Ⱥ˵ŭīû¶ı飬ȥȺĲһ
𣿡īڡ
һʥĳ˲
ǳīһΣʥĳͷųʱЩȫʧӰ٣ˣȫһֵĿųī
Ѿ֪˳īǿǲĵزɱʥ׾١īȫ˲䣬ȻܵǿƥϢ
Щĺˣóīϵĳĸо
⡭ôܣ㣬֮ǰûôǿⲻܣһոջޱǿƵĻ֧һʧǵı顣
ī˵ˣͶ·ɡ
˵ţе߱죬ָȺˡǸҡβͷĻ֧ȫָķΧ֮ڡ
ƴˣһʥʿһŭֱӳī
֪ľɱ
ţʥʿųī
ָķȫųīɱ
ʥʿȻ׻ƴߵʿ
Ȼ֮ǰϼ汳ġ
ϧǣǵĿģվҪյġϾվǵĴʥϣɲһ衣
սٴα
һȫԵȵս̷ƿɳ¡ȫǳīһɱһȺˡ
߱ĵ棬˸䵽µĹââÿһΣһ䡣
Ƭգ󣬳һޱȾϢȴȫһɰԵԸӵĳ֡
ԶЩʿûܸӦκ쳣Ϣȫ֪£ⳡսβ
һȺĶʿȫ׻ƴƬǿСûһܹѳȥ
īɱһ޽ӽʥĺʱʥ۵ʿһīǺļճɱңػὫʬΣ
飡
īһ˵ͷϣֱӽͷ­߱
һ˲䣬һɢ޾ɣϢӰӣ˲һ˫͵һ춯صĴ֮˸ɱˣ
˵ţһƳųī˹С
Ҫ͸īĳҪñ
īϵĲֱӱĻӡ
һ޾Զ硣ˣ׷״ɳ
īУ߿ǳһȻ󡭡ϣһ޷ǿе߱棬˲һ޷ֱӵĴĿ⣬âѪնӰ
ۣ
Ӱնϡ
ȴܿĺһֻ˫У¶޾ľ֮ɫ߱죿ǰѵǸˣ㲻ȥɣ
Ӱ˵仰֮˲Ϣ£ţһ¡ըˣ
īУһ̨Уǧģһɲǣֱӷɳٶ֣һķֱӽӰ֮ɢĿֲڵС
ֻһ˿ݳȻû˵īȴƬ񷻮һ޷޸˺ۣ
Ĳ֮ϣһ׺ۡȥһ
Ѻۣаô
īɫЩѿг𺳣Ȼɹɱȴûκϲĵ⡭Ͼͷ
ãһйƽˣīĿ⣬ȫ˾Ͳ˼顣
īʱȴ¶һЦݣȺˣЩ۷徳ʿʩ񣺡ѧīλʦ
ţīϣЦȦȴˡ
ͨһڵأīݼүү


1498 ׻ƴ
Ⱥӹй۷ʿīĿУ͵Ĺâʮ꣬еͨ˵Ѿһ˵һˡٿԾĴˡһ㹻ĹɶЩ𾳽ʿ˵ʱ䣬Ҳһαչضѡ
ȴ֤˳ī꣬һο漣ĳɳʷ
ʱ򣬳īһʿ㲻ϡȻ׵ЩǿȺУҲǿġȻʮ֮ȴɳΪһʿȫҪĴڣ
ʥĸ߼ΣĲԸˡ
ڳīУǰЩˣȫĳ̹ʦǴá˵ʲô൱һʦˡ
Ͽųī޾µˣ˿ҲȦ˫Զǿֶһµ֣˿̣ȴЩ΢Ĳֽī˵Ǻģ
ʱ򣬳һԣҲڵأŮ壬ݼүү
ãããϿŮϸЦ棬ְѳ
ꡢˮͺ¡̼ŮҲ׷׹
ϵĿ⣬ϰΣֿ˿ˮ־磬飬ҲЩ֪ĸо
ˮĺܣк֮󣬾ȵ֡
ϵĿ΢΢˸һ£漴ЦЦûٶ˵ʲôӳˣЩ飬Լȥˡ
̸£ЩˣҲòСǼƮŮۣ߹Ů̲סˮ
ȺˣĸһʱĴ
үӸ⵱ˡ
ȻΪڶ֮Ľ죬¾׵׻ƴзֱ仯ЩҲȫпǧ
ӡ׻ƴǵڱˣ
׻ƴڻָʿҲڿʿһжٲŻл嵽߾硣ЩˣӲѹɡ
ǸоȻϲοǣ׻ƴҲʼоǿߵˣ
ԭֻһϣݷһԪ׻ƴ򱻷ӡ£ɾʹʥ硣ֶһīˣγ׻Ʋˣ
ʱԶ޾ǿӰ
Ʈ칬ˣһ
Ϊ׵һˣһۿ˳īꡢˮЩˣЩȫ
޾ǿգЩˣֱԼһĻʵġȫվǿУ˴˼
һӦģȻһ磬Ѿﵽ׼𾳽ķһųīߵ
գۼ䣬ͷɵīǰڵأĸīߵףʦϣФͽݼʦ
īʩչһ͵𡣷һ˵īϲĵʦͽˣΪⱲӣҲ
īķıȻЦſԶȺˡ
ʱЩҲȫӦϴ޾ľϲ֮ɫߡ
ȫ޾ϲáǳīĳ֣Ʈ칬Ⱥ˵ֱǻϲ֪˵ʲôźáǺܳһʱĺѺ໥ʶ
ӹйȺ𿴼Ʈ칬ȺˣҲԵúơǸħҲûбֳκεĵ⡣һԪ֮ǰѾΪ˳ϵ¡
īꡢˮվүүϵߣڵһĻ
ϵͷǣĶܲΪЩˣ׻ƴδϣ
ī˵үүһˣǰĿͶ
ЦЦһ۳īУǳ硣
󣬳īүүλʦȻȵƮ칬ſɺã룬Ʈ칬ôӣԸλʦһޱȵΰ
걻͵˹ײİıڤһ۳īЦСǵС˼˭Ҫץǹȥɣ˵ţҲȳī˵ڤ˵ǶԸ⵱
īʱϲ
һƋOƽƼѩСѾʫ½½áƮ칬ʮʦʮ䣬ȺйĴҪȥƮ칬еļͲض˵ˡ
һȫЦտ
ʱ򣬳īȻһ۳ϣүү磬֧Ѿ̫ˡ
̾Ϣţʶ̧ͷī㡭
үүÿ𣿡īʵ
ԣȻԡѵ˵㡭Ѿӵһ𾪵ĿųīдŲŵɫȻѾ̤뵽˴ʥ磬ȴӵָͨ
ǰѼĴ½ճһô򵥣漰ĸ಻ʤвͻһЩͽ׵Ĵ½ٲ
ɵһκ˶޷ܵ֡
֮ǰհѱ½ָָˡī˵
ϵǣ̲ס鶯һ£ųī˰죬Ȼ³һЦСֱ£ʲôһֹ飿
Щˣкܶûīڴʲôաֻһ֧̫꣬ȥ½¡ٵ𣬶ȥ롣
ֱīǾ仰հѱ½ָָˡ˵ڣ𾳽ʿһӾˡ
ȻţȴȫޱȵĹâһգգĿųīĿ⣬ڿһ
ƮŮҲĿ䵽īϣô
Ʈʦѧҿѧīһ˵ⷼŮӣīǷĵĸеء
׻ƴ򱻷ӡ֮ΨһһػԪϵ
ڣħŲҷڣЩػĵ˲Ų¶
Ůӣ׻ƴʷǿһŮˣҲֵصһˡ
ҾȥƮ칬סꡣƮŮЦŵ
Ҳȥڤ˵
ҡ÷Ӧ
һȥЩ𣬸ɴͬı̬
׻ƴ½˭밡
֧Ĵ½ܹһô˵Ⱥ𣬾ǳϣ涼ٵģЩ̤ʵ
īûٶ˵ʲôϻֱӳˡ
һʥĳһӱⳡͬһĻ׻ƴɢȥɢٶȣ쵽˼顣ѰĹâҪܶ౶
ϵϣ¶֮ɫīһ֣Ѿˣ
ʥĳɢⲻѡҪīô졭ȴȫܣ
īĳ֮ʼһз
磬˲ı򣻵ɽ磬ıɽ򣻵磬ı򡭡ڵ˽磬˽Ҳ֪£ıˣ
һУܹǿϳī˼·ȴҪ˺ܶ౶Ϸݵɽ磬ϾѾ¶֮ɫ󲻵òī˼·ȥݡ
Щ𣬾͸Ӳˣǵڣ綼ûݳ׳īҪʲô


1499 ˼
ȻһУϢнеģ˲֪ڰиī˼·Щˣһĸо
֪Уīѧ˵񣬶ǿҵľη
׻ƴڼ̵ʱڣȺ֮⣬ûκ֪ʲôķȴȫ׵ͬˣ棬˳īС
һһĺһͷ
ָоʵīδй
ָոձı½кܴĲͬ׻ƴ̫Զˡÿһ½γ˵ĳͷҪ׹һͱҪͬеĳ򡣶һռ䣬гͬҲ͵桭˵˽Ʒ
ͬıڱУǾ˽Ʒ
ññûֹܹ
īڣĳ̶ֳ˵ʵҲڳ׻ƴߡĸоȻһ˲䣬һС硣ﵽ˴ʥ߼۷ĲΡֻһ㣬Ϳ̤뵽ʥ۷ˣ
īУޱϲʼͨɢ׻ƴЩ½ռһ
ݹ׻ƴ򣬺УĴССĴ½飬Ӳͬĵطͬķȥ
īĶޱȵᣬ˵֣ޱȡ
Щ½飬ûһܵ쳣ڲ֪У磬ͷ˾޴ı仯
ߵˣȫĿɿڴĿյĳī
ȻݲҲϳī˼·׻ƴôĶôһ㶼ܲ
񼣰ڤĿֱ׻ƴ½ķУˮ
ƮŮŷ·궼仯ľ׵ϣҲ̲סݡһ˫ĿһգգĿ׻ƴеĸֱ仯
ĳһľ⡣īһϵĴͨϸķʽı磡
˽Щ飬ʱҲֻͻȻ䷢øˡͨ˵ҲһӱøˡԭһЩҲˡ
ǲһӿ裬Ҫʱ䣬˽硢ɽ֮ǣͿԸ콾һͬĻ£վͬһϡ
鱱򣬳īʱ䡣׻ƴ򣬳īȴȥ˰µʱ䣡
ԼһУȫʩչ˳Щ½飬ⰲŵģīԼȥָ׻ƴò
棬ķһȱ档
Ȼ󣬳ȥĳ
䣡
˲䣬磬޾֮һΣǰ
統УһɲǣֱӾͱˣ
Ϣ˳Żдݳٴݵ½ĸطȥ
ЩͻȻĽ̵ʱ䣬ͱ֪ɽ硢˽硣ϡĴ½һЩ֮ء
˭ģ
ȫֱִʸˡ
ĸˣȫһ½ֳ˼ͺ谭Ľܡ
׻磡
󣬳īһ·ڵķ˼ĵ֪һʲô·ˣ
˵ţһץֱӽ·޾ǿץ˳Ȼ󣬶ͨ·ңԶֱͨһ
¡
У˲һڣ
֮ǰİ˸֮ڡ˵ڸڣ
īԴͨ׻ƴߣڡ
ſˣһ˵ͨڡ󣬳ī飬Ⱥ˽һ顣
øпĵط棬ȻҪϦӣ֮ȫоЩ𾪡
Ҳвˣ۾¶һĨɫ֪ԽǲпĵطʵҲԽʿǿʿ
£в¾ģͷһҪȥдһ
ī˵ķӦ۵ף˵ʱ䣬ֵ涼ʱ򣬴ʿȫ뿪ԣ˼ȥԼڵһʱ
Ҳܴ⡣Σյģʿīһ䡣
һ֮Ѿǳīع׻ƴĵڶʮһ졣ƾһ֮¸ı磡
һ˵Ĵ£ƺƵĳƮ칬ķȥ
׻ƴγһĴ½Ʈ칬ڸصɣһʾơһǿ̵ʱ䣬ݵԭɽ˽
ĿǰΨƮ칬߱
ȥ·ϣī꣬Ϣ뿪ˡ
˶ûȥ׷ʳīȥǶܲµīȥʲôˡԲȥš
׻ƴ½ϣɽϣԿʿȫڼٵĴߡֱǨʵ̫ˡκһ塢ɣκһֱ仯Ǳ̵ʱȥӦȻø̵ʱ䣬˼еסȷδķ
ֱ仯˸еãȻ֪롣ЩˣҲûȥԹʲô˭֪飬ؽһ˵ϴڣ磡
ĬĬĿأ
Ǹ˭
ܶʵжһͬĲ²⡣
˳ī֮⣬벻˭¡
˵Ѿ׻ƴ½Ϸɿ˵ˣҲȫʾͬû˷
ī֣վɽķŵСһ۾ͿǿŷӡԼ˵ӡҲܵİꡣ
Ѿ˴ʥֲϲԼľ磬һ̣ī۽ǣȻЩʪˡ
ųīֱۣʵ£Ҫǹҡ
ī֣˵ȥˣҪ˵ɵˡ
ī˵ţֱȡӣ꣬һ̣˽
˵׻ƴ֮ʲôط֪Ī˽ˡ
ΪǵĲʵ̫ˣҲ̸ʲô硣ֱ仯˽е֮⣬ˣ֪ʲô
һҹ֮䣬ؼϢ˸еˡǰһЩ벻ͨ⣬һӿˣȥһЩŶ缲һȬˡ
ܶ˶˵˽Ʈ칬ȴһȥĺܡ
ī꣬Ӵĵ۹ϢӹȻ־˵һ߹·
ĵطͣһ
˶Ĭû˵˳
ĹƬط̫ı仯ĵܵҸȻȴѾǸߡüʮĹԭ۹ùĺͳáͬˡ
λ֮ĶӣԳʹĵ̬ȣЩֵζˡԭ۹ǿ׳»ҰĲĦȭƵģ׼ҸǿҷԣǰѾˡ
λҸĶӣҰĲ»ʣʵ֪ҶȥǸȻƮ칬ǾӵġҸӺܲˬԸ׵赲ʵǾϧڣ顣Ϊ̫ظˡ
ī˵Ϊ֪ܿʲô
󣬳īһ˴ӵĲԭ۹̫ϻҸ硣
ǱڱĿҸ磬һȫĶȻԸڼݡڼݣȥַ


1500 һ
̫ϻҸָ˲侪˲ԭ۹Ļʹ£»˵֮󣬵һʱϹҸ磬ʩȻʵΪͻȻҪȥַǵطĺܣҡǸطеѽ
»ʵȷɻѾȥʮˣǸطżģˡҳһֱһֱר˰š
֮ǰԭ۹õʱΪԭҸҪȥһ³ַȻһⶼûСڡЩŵ£ȥǸطᡣ
ưԲԭʮĸף»ʵ̬ϣȻǹĺܣеɻͬԡ
Ҹ絭һǰԼа˷Ķӣ̾˿磬ֵ֪𣿡
»΢΢һһʱеûϸ׵˼·漴͵ͷ˵ǰ˵֣Ϊ˼ʹ
ǣΪ˼ҵĽ㡣Ҹü䣬¶˸֮ɫ漴̧ͷ»ʣ֪֪ΪʲôһֱҶȥ⣿
֪Ϊĳ̶ֳ˵ǻʹǸ˽һ롣»˵ţЩΪȻĵǸˡѾʧ̫ˣ˵Ӹ˵ǸҲûаϵˡ
㲻Ҹҡҡͷãԭ۹ܴƮ칬𣿡
ԸֲϵͻȻתƻе㲻Ӧ»ʣʲô飬һӸ˵ɡ
Ȼشҵ⡣Ҹ˵ʵϣҲҪһʱ䣬ƽӿġ
ǸˣѾʧһӣȻˣ
ң緢仯Ľڵϻġ˵ʲôֱ仯᲻Ǹйϵ
Ҹ粻һ磬ȴ֪Ǹ˾Բ򵥣
һӣʮܻ֮Ѿܹ˵̫ˡ
Ʈ칬Ȼ⣬ǲԭ۹ȻǿʢȻƮ칬Ķ֡ǹ쾳ǿߣͲ˵
֪Ʈ칬Ǹһִ𣿡Ҹʵ
˼ǣҪǶ˳Ʈ칬Źң𣿡ü䣬һĨɷе㲻
Ϊ˭֪Ʈ칬Ȼ⣬еκ顣ѵĻΪԼΥһֱԭ򲻳ɣ
Ȼһı飬ҸЦЦ֪ʲôŽгȻɵӣϣֻ۽粻ȴûĳȻһ˵ǲں㣬ǸûȴʲôȻ⡣ǲΪûжܹǡ
Щ˼磬Ҹ룺ˣһΣҲһȥɣȥһλҲҵ˼ˡ
ŶԷʲôˣΪԭ۹ĻʵۣȻеġɲʲôˣʸȥ
ˣӦá˰ɣҸ룺Ӧã񣡡

ַ꿴ųīЦСͦԸء
īҲЦ̬еһô
ͷҲԣ˶Ƕһ壬ҪûԼ뷨Ǿǿˡ
ԶԶģһЩַʿɢĲǵסȫûзֳīĴڡ
ɣ˵ţһ
콾ܰûܹڵסɢֹâ
ʥʿʵ˸е̾
һͷһǣ飬˵Ĳʲô
ǵһУԺ˲γɣֲֿļõڷ֮һȻٵԪأԺģֱӽǡ
һ޴󡢻ֺĴǣһͷ֮£˲䡭
Ҹ˵˵УīҲãҲãѾ˵ķ룬ɡ
ô£
۾ˣ
šģ
һȺżʿȫסܳһ͵ĿεضĴǣȫƴ۾͵͵ԼġǶԼǲû˯ѣ
īʱȡǿӣȻʼһϴ˲ǣ
䣬â
ʮѪ£ȫųâγһ󣬽ӣڷС
ʱͷСʱͷգŵģɲ˽Ĳ񷣬׻ƴĲ񷣡
Ƶ㷢쳣֮
Ǿﵽٽ㣬ͻƵʱһī£Ҫͻƾ죡ҪֱӸˣҡһˣ
һȺˣ
ԣȻĵѾ׻ƴϣȴȻ޷ֹٵĳ֡޷ֹ֣޷ֹ
īһ䡣ͷգ˲һһӾͱˡ
꿴һ۳īĵǰԵҲֻһˡ
īʱһֻ֣ǿ棬Ȼϵͨʼʩչ
һ޷ݵ˲ǣʮѪŹâγɵķϷȻ󣬳īϣʼɢ컯Ϣ
ʱͷУһƬƳ֡
̶̵쳣ȴ̫˵Ĺע
˽Ʈ칬УдĶǿߣע⵽ߵı仯ڵһʱ䣬˷Ӧ˽Ĺϲ㡣ݽ֮󣬾ȻõܲĻӦ
ȥܡ
ĸ֣˽Ʈ칬Ī
ں֮󣬵һνӵܲϢ˵˵ܲʮʦûǹǰ
ڲȥĸ棬װŶϢĹ˲Ҳܲˡ
˽еļ۹Ҳкܶ˷ߵ쳣ʼ̽
ĳǷͨһλﱲ
ͨһֱ죬Ҳϡһ磬ѾﵽڡֻҪϣ̤ʿ򣬼ǲ̫ˡʵϣͨҲкܶûгˡҲ¡
ĴڣҸȻ֪ģҲ֪ȴôѷͨòһ֣ԼĲԭ۹ͬҲСȴף˷ͨĺʵ˳һģ
ΪƮ칬ǱߣһʼŹ¡ϸļţƮ칬ػˡ
ᣬһӢ֮ڲԭλĴĺܣүүѹţҲʹȥˣ
˵Щûʡĵǿơ
ԣеҲЩַ̿֡ǱͻȻֵǣеǳͬʱҲޱȵķŭʲôģַ½һǣһҹ֮ͽǵġԷҪʲô⻹Լ
Ҳ֪ƺһЩı仯үүǰڱ仯ʱ򣬾͸˵ˣõʲôֲ֪಻ƿصζܲܡ
ڣȻүүͨѯʡ
ЩǣԴѾкܶûֹүүȻˣҿӣרŵ
֮ûȳڣͨһ˵ڼݣȥǣ


1501 
ֱһµı飬ŷͨүүʲô
ͨһۣǸ˻ˣ
Ǹˣ΢΢һ漴뵽ʲôӶʱһ£˶ӱһƬհסԺоֻʣһ仰Ǹ˻ˣǸ˻ˣ˻ˣˣˡ
ˣ
ڳͷһƬհ׵ʱ򣬷ͨͻȻ䷢һͳĶϺȣЩеûģλͲǷҡ̸ȡģվ˳˵ˣǸȻˣУʮа˾ûλġȻҲô׵ľͷ֡
ͨ˵ţ̾ϢһʵλӦһ˵ġϧ
ͨеһˣʵǷ޵еĶӣīϵǸС差־Զ
겻ǼµĻ־Զλ˳µġңڵһˣͨ˵ĸ֮£־ԶпܳΪһͳ˽ΰ
īĲ֣ʵôõġû뵽⡣
ԣϧˡ
ķ֪ͨҪ顣Ȼ϶ڸӼ

ԭǵַϣͻȻ³ǵС
貹âֱʣ
ʮѪųĹγɵķг컯Ȼؼ俪ʼдĸԪ۹
ڣһӰ˳ǷУĸֳ
£ɢʥĹâ
ӰǷ޵У
ܾٷ꣬ٲɣӵݺͳɾ͡ڳīУ޵еĵλȻһ
ûүүûнĳī
޵еϣƺһĨãȻӷ֮߳󣬻ףҵ塭ôƺøˣ⣬ҵôͣϲΣεǳڻûѡ
Ǳߵĳī棬ŷ޵Уүү
Գϣīһүү˳£ΪүүΪ֮䣬Ѫ
Է޵УīһүүȴǺУַĵУȻûйѪǣȻ˶ݵ
Сīôˣţôһӳôˣôһӱôˣ޵пųīҲһģͬʱҲмãȻļ䵱УҲѾܾöûмˡ
ǣ޵ʵô绹˳ǲǱ۸ˣôˣ޲ޡһлүүءȻүүѾﲻ̫ˣֻҪҪүү
īʱֱӳһѱס˷޵У˵ѡ
⺢ӣôˣ޵֣īͷ
ǵģһʥ߽׺ڵĴܵͷ
ʸˣ΢΢
īȴһܰı飬·صСʱƤԼүүӡ
ûµģүү˺ܶ飬ȻͷҰǶٻȻ͡ī˵ţſүү
ʱ򣬷޵ҲʶЩԾ꣬΢΢üͷǣ
үүǳīӣꡣ΢Цŵ
ꡭˣ㲻ǣǣ޵жʱס૵ӣӣǡ
ͷѾɻܶˡ
ܶꡭ޵¶˼ɫȻѵЩ𣿡
ʱ򣬵ڶˣӷ˳
ųīЦĵֵܣҾ֪һܰҾȻ

ӣ֪飬Ҫȷ޵ж̫ࡣ
ӡ֤һ㣬һĿųīҾ֪һ
޵ЩãȻĿˣǡ
˿ŷ޵УүүǲΣһУǣ
ͷ
ʱ򣬷У߳
һȵŮӣᣬҲԡŹ⣬лһСӡ
ˮ־Զ
޵еӣӡ
ˮ֮ˮ˲¡
÷ĺӣ١󷢡ߴɵ̫ࡢ̨ξ񡭡гī˽ػƮ칬ЩŮӣССһ¡һȵȵȵȡ
ЩˣһӶĹ֮ڣ䣡
ãȻģҲѵġ
ҪЩ˵츳ˡ
ɽ꣬һЩ˵ľѾ൱ǿߵУҲˡ
Щ󣬳īϣ¶˾ΥķĵЦݡ
Ⱥˣ̫꣡
⣬ҲһֱһִԽѰҸĸ˫׵ִ
īڵһʱ䣬һ仭棬Ⱥ˵ľʶС̵ʱ䣬֪귢ʲôȴûκεѪȳ档Щ˻еʡ
ȻЩҲ㹻Ⱥһӵˡ
Ϊīļ仭ܳȻġΪȴ˵飬ȫȺ˽һ飡
£׻ƴںһ׻ƴ½ò
һʱ֮Щȫӳ˼ѹ޵ڣû˵ΪЩ飬ǵ𺳣ʵ̫ǿˣ
ī˵龭ǶѾ֪ˣҲˡô˵˵ڣԺ
⻰˵۾ȫͨīǵļ仭棬ԼЩȻȫ⣬ȴѾ֪ĳīѾȫͬˡ
ݵأժǳЩɵֶΣԳī˵ʲô
ǡҲôСĿųīΪͻȻ䷢֣Լһ硭ˣˣζ벻վŵǸ߶ȣҲȫġ
ô̫ࡢξ̨ˣ۾ȫ
īͷȻԣ
˵ţīˣǵĸһ൱顣ǶǵһԻʽԣЩˣȫӵŵ֮塣⣬еĶʣ㲻ǵԪҲ᳤ĵز
ܹȻҪѾ̫ࡣû´Ļһ񣬶Ѿվ۷˰ɣٿųīʵ
Ĺ˿޵ΣͬʱҲмãȻ
ǵľ磬ȷѾܸˡǣҲܿġīһˣ񣬻˭Ҫ׼䣬̤·ô
ˣȫҡͷʲôЦѾ֪У˾޴ı仯īҲѾΪߡԴһ߲ε磬˭ɵҪУ
Ǻܼܿһ𣿡һʵ
İɣܿ졣īͷ
̫ˣССЦޱȿġûκοһ
ĸѾˣңǷ˾޴ı仯ΪҵԵʣⳡѡӦҡȥĹֲī˵
ЦСڸ磬㲻ôģûǳѣЩ˵еĴ󲿷֣ʱѾӣǲˡȻʧ˼ʮĹȴ˿̤·Ļᡣ˵ǻҪлأ
⻰һ̨ȫͷ
ī˵Ƕ׽ˣΪЩ飬ĸԸھʹ뿪
˵ţīȻüһŷ޵кйá


1502 
Ⱥ˵һЩͨӣԪһȺ˵ǵĳſڣȫͣ¡ڳԪĿУͨУǿҵļԼ⣬桭ǹˣ
󣬳洫һżЦ⣺˧
÷ͨ۽ǣһӾʪˡѾʮûȴƺûһİĸо

ǸԼǰ̸Ц˽Ƶ꣡
ʮȥˣȻôᣬϣûκ塣
󣬷ͨһޱȾ㤣û
ϻƣһ꣬㻹𣿡
޵Уͨʧг
ĳ֣ȳī÷ͨе˼飡
ͨԵĳԪ˶ɵˡ޵Сֱ֣̫Ϥˣ
𣿾үү˵޵в˵˽硭û赲ǰĲ
⡭ô£
ԪȻͨ巢䣬·һ̣߸ϵĳλҪԶȥ
ʱ򣬷ͨȻݺݵһ۷ԪߵĴԼӣһͦţҶˣ
˵ţͨһȣֱӳڣͬʱĴϻƣ㻹ţ̫ˣ
ܿ죬˫档
ȺˣֱͨϤĲϤˡ
īЩ󣬾Ȼȫĳǰ
λԭϵŮī֮һ飬Ҳ˺ܶꡣ
̨ξ̫࡭
ˮǸСӣ
СӣʮȥˡСӣ
Ѿ쾳磬ͨΪԼտˣ
ٺ񡭡ҲǺϤġīߵұһ
÷һڡ˵ˡ
ϣһĨ֮ɫǿͨʱȻǿ¶Цݣȴܸоıˡ
ǣͨһתˣ϶ΪѾˡ
⡭ô£ͨǸٷ꣬оԼȫˡһĻȫ֪
ָˡīЦЦ
ͨͷ𣬳ī̶һ仰˵ֱӴݻ˷ͨȫ֪
ԵĳԪǴľվûүүոյѣȺǰĺͦš
Ϊ˵ӦñˮŵǸСӷ־ԶҪСʮ꣡
ȺȥˣȻֻĳǰ
ʱгԭ۹˳ڰ֮⣬ڿٳƽ
ͨ΢΢һ漴
УҲ¶֮ɫȴ˳ī
īЦҸˣɣ
ȴСĿ˳Ԫ
ͨȵȥµĶ
ȥȥԪҲȻع
֪ԼʲôôȥʵĲ飬ѾΪ˵
һӹ˵ʲô׷䣬ȴ㹻̫ıǨ
ȥͨвԭ۹ˣ߷ͨųī͵ӡ
˧ض˵Щ꣬з˧ǰżֵ񡣿ϧǰˣѾš˧ܽӪֵزʵסī΢Ц˵ԣ뷽˧ܹȥ˹ҲûϵΪ𣬻ټҪ֪֮ˡ
һԵĳԪһֱŵһģ˲صȥͨȴ̫Ķ̧ͷųīҪǳ뿪˽𣿡
īͷ˵ʵ˽Ѿûˣ˽硢硢ɽ硢硭һЩ֮أѾع鵽ͬһλ档Ҳ˵ʵѾǸԶʱһһĴ½ˡ˧ӦҲܸоı仯Ժһصչһߡʺϵĺӣȫ
ڳҪҪţҪҪΪһȻЩ飬īѾˡ
˵۽͸֣Ǹ߶Ⱦġīվָ߶ȣѾҪȥЩ⡣ֻҪߵЩ˶ܿĵĻţ˵ͱʲôǿ
Ǳ߲ԭ۹ˣֱ롣Ҹ缸ǿųǡҸֱӹڵϣŽޡ
ͻȻʧҸĴ޷
ҸĶ磬֮󣬼˳Ҳ˷ͨǼĸʹŮǰޡ
ӣ˲ҲһƬհס
ѹ֪ΪΣͻȻһҲãԪҲã֮ǰ׷ȺǰƺɵЩЦ
֪ΪʲôһȻʶģһ۳Ԫ÷ԪҲĿͶĿԣһӾͿ˶Է˼
ܶʱ˽ˣߵѣǶ֡
һӾͶ˶Էеĺ壬ȻһЦǿЦ
Ҳܼ벻ԼǸµĵܵܣѾϵֵزȻǺܺõģϣȴ̫ۼ
ȻٿǸҸǳӣʵҸ磬ҵֶ𣿡
ҸͷɵվŸʲôϿݼĹùã
Ͻֵİͱ׵⡣˼ĵùȴǻɣ
ʵʵĹڵأ磬ùÿͷ
λ壡Ҹųīʵͦ磬øšû˵
壡ʵʵĿͷ
үүһ޵Ͻ
λǡ
λǡ
ҸһͷܵβҲȴĵ
վ˻Щεġ
ȴѾֿ˻
Ϊģ׹ùãλһĳ֮䣬û飬ҲǺܺõѹϵôЩ˻᲻չô
ܴǲԭ۹ĻʵۣĲԭ۹ʵҲһĹȥϰԣĻѾ۹ûʲôˡ
Ҳ˳ģһֱźܴҰġȺˣһӾһ¡ܶԺҲȥ˽ҡӴ˺󣬽ԭ۹֮£
ֻҪ룬ԸԪƽ£
ǿϧҪûзԪһ㡣ͷһܿͿΪԪһԹĿүү
ͨһҸ磬пЦһ£ոռ֮£˸˽Լӡ棬ʵе㵣ķԪݡȺǰݵĻǻ粻ˡ
ҸСꡭ
ͨҸ統СҲ֣ϾҸҪܶࡣ
Щ˵īˣڳЩˣ÷ߵĹϵ˵˭һ㡣£ҪͷҲǳī¶Ѿûʲôϵˡ
Գī˵ĲЩС顣
Ⱥ˸øԼϵ˸ȥ֮ǰƮǣ
ȺˣδС
ûʲôĻǿܴٻصƬ˽
ںˣȻǵǸʿҪ߱½ҲҪĹ
Ƭ˽˵Ҫ߳˽򣬾Ѿˡ
ԣȻ֪ɣܼܲľҪԵˡ


1503 ;޾
֮󡣳³⣬ˣ
ˣȫʵһ
īҲȥһ˴ģһȻĽƾһȻȥĵĻʵۣѾľﱲ̸жĲܺ־򡣲ѩϵڣҲ˭ȥΪѴĹ
ʱ䣬Ҳ㹻λԭϵĻʵͳĻʵ۷Ԫܶˡ
ǷŲⷱ䣬Ҫųīһˡ
θīһ뿪ˣзͨҸ硣ͣĺܶ鶼ͨ͸ˡһᣬ˭Ź
īҲ֪ǵ˼ûоܾȻʲô̫ĳɾˡǿԴͶĹ޽ɾ绹ǲѵġ־磬ҲľǷеˡ
һҾ޴սͻȻڳ⡣
۾ֱˡ
ƺֱһ̣ǲסīȻվǵǰʵѾȫͬˡ
ս뿪Ԫԭȫ̾Ϣһ໥һۡ
𣿡Ԫʵ
е㣬ֲڡΪôԻĺܾʣ
ԪͷҲô룬ԺһҪÿһĻӵУѡһģȥɣ
ҲǣЦŵͷ
ôǾʹ˷ֱ𣿡Ԫ磺Ȼ󡭡ƾ£
ã˭µĵ̴󣡡˵Ѿ˵ˣѾָˡ̣˶˲ŵ룬һ˱˰ɣ
ԪЦһԺĵǣǳ
ī֮ǰǶ²ԴԼīóģЩ˵ģο˽硣
ԣò˶꣬ӴͻƬϽ
պ󣬳ī¡
ںϣĪ۵͡
ֻа˸֣ȴһķּ֮£ĪҲӡ
׻ƴ½ĶУʼµĴһЩϢؼһ㣬Ƕ˽硢硢ɽЩжѵĽЩطģ
Ʈ칬ǵ򣬶ǲģ
˽硭ǲҪȥģ
ΪǳīĹ磬Ǹط̫࿴ͨķˣīȴŸָĹϵ
Ҫû⣬һҪŪʲôطԶʲôطԡ
ʱīȺˣѾصƮ칬˸Ĺˡ
ȻޱȻ
쿪ʼһֱ߰죬ڼ
óīȺˣҪīȥģһȺֱӾ͸ŵ׵
Ʈǧһΰɽ֮ۡ
󹫼īһԶ֮µĴƬϼ
ʦ˲׻ƴķӡڵʱиĳɾ͡
Ҳ˲벻ô̵ʱ䣬Ѿ̤𾳽ˡ
ǣү˭סԣСӶѾʥˣڳү𣿡
ûûУġ
үôе㲻أ
ī󹫼õĻ顣㣬ǣԶԶȲϡ
˿һЦ󹫼ʵǲǺܿҪ뿪ˣ
īͷǰǱߣѾЩϴڵļ忪սս𲻻ᲨҲһֱ
ǰʲô磬ҪǸӦ顣󹫼ټ̾˿׻ƴߣҲǲƼˡϣӣһֱȥ
ī˵ֻҪһţûܶ
ţ벻㾹ȻĳΪػߡ󹫼˵
īЦЦǳһһֱػô
ԶƮУȻɢһɻϢ
Ѿ̫ûôֹˣ֮⣬˶ˡ
ЩʿȫһҪ߾磬䡣ÿ˶ԼӦ飬һпϣá
ֹ˼죬ҹ߳īһȺˣҪ׻ƴͨ
ڻҪһ𣿡ī꣺ʵ¹ù־磬ѾûбҪˡ
ʺĥԼ
˵Ҹ¹ùãҪΪ˱ݻһΣҪģɲһȺ
ţī΢΢ü
ǶȥǲԽԽԶȻȥˣҲԽԽԶٻԻȡĵһϢ

īһЦҡҡͷҲգǰɣͷҸ㼸ٸһЩҩͷؼʱ̣ס˵һƽһ죬Ǿͻص׻ƴӡ
۾һЦţҵȸ磡
һµʱ䣬īʼҩͼ
˳ī־磬ҪЩѡڲϵҩУ¯Ҳָˡ
һī˴ĸֵҩʥʿЩҩƷ׿֪ټϻ¯ļӳ֣ƳĵҩƷģ붼𼶵Ĵҩ
ʥҩҲһٲ֣ȫַ˳īЩˡ
𼶵ķīмǧ԰Ʈ칬װûȫַȥкܶҪպƮ칬ֻٰʱ򣬲ŻᵱƷĵӡЩиĶȥ
ʥķī˼ʮҲѾǼˡϾܹʥĲûôࡣ⼸ʮʥҲ㹻īȺװӵǿĹˡ
ʥīʱûа취ơƴʥʵ̫ˣȻīʥҪƴʥҲûô򵥡һ棬ƴʥĸϣҲһ൱˵֡
Ŀǰ˵ҲѾˡīֽµԼĵӷ
˽ﻹ˳īһϢ
ʦнϢˡī˵ⷬʱɫȻƽü䣬ȴһĨ֮ɫ
ȥյİʵҲ඼һ˿˿Ļ䣬ڼˡ˵Ҫڽȥ֮䷢ʲô½ԼԸ⡣
ôī꽫ڵǸطʵڵľ磬ҲͰɣ
ͷͦϵģľѾﵽɲΡʵںܶǰѾˡԼ˭˼ʱѰҼ䡣Ȼ֪ԼݣȴٸǼˡһʽǳĿ졣ԶһЩŵٶȿöࡣǰʱ䣬ڼȰƮ칬Ǿܾˡ
īͷ̾һֽ֣ʵڵѾˡҲȷǸʱΨһýİ취
ЦЦųīʦҲΪѹתʦ˵һлл
ī̾Ϣһ
ص׻ƴ֮󣬳īٴ뿪ˡ
ֻһ뿪ûκˣǰī˺ܶˣ˺ܶ顣
үү̸˺ܾã·뿪׻ƴ򡣸һ뿪׻ƴģд󹫼
ǿ;޾


1504 Զս
汱ǺһƬ޽ԶսѾ̫꣬Ѿ޾£κƬ
ΣաȻ𾳽ʿҲܻ׵䡣ңΣնУʿʶ޷͸ܿһضϵĵ龭ʱ򣬻ͻȻ䱬һɱ⡣ɱ⣬ɱ
ƬǺУƯźܶ޴ͷ­ÿһͷ­ֱȥޱʻͷ­ŵĲϣѪʡЩ⴦ԶսΣյĴڡ
ΪЩͷ­һţˣŴʥ۷ΪɢϢʵ̫ǿҲֲ̫ˡȻʥ˾ʿ޷ǡ
˵һԹĴʥҪƬսѰһЩϡԼΪ˽ڽӽһŴʥͷ­ʱǿŴʥͷ­ͻȻſ˫ۣ⡣ԹĴʥͱһ
ȥ֮󣬽˵˳ѺˣҪǰƬֲս
⡭⴦Զսֲĵط˵ֲĵطȻ澳ľͷϴڣҲ㡣Ϊ˵ǻմȾĪľ޴
⴦Զսͬ˵硣һֱûһ׼ȷĴ𰸡ΪƬսγ£Ҫļϻ廹ꡣ
ܶ˶Ʋ⣬һµս
һʲôʱֵģʲôʱģѾûκܹ˵
طѾеһءʸ֪ˣ⣬ǱԵҲ롣ˣУһϵսַ
δ֪಻ʤϴ־ͷ಻˵Լ֪
Ҳֻеˡ񡱵ֲΣ𣬲Ż֪һаɡ
⴦ԶŵսǰսͻȻ䴫һ¡¡սԶս档¡¡Ѫڡ·ˣһսġ
̫ˣ̫аˣ
Զսеս̫ˡ
ڸһЩϴڼս壬Ҳ鿴
ܶĳҲطʱ˱˴˼ĶԹһҪŪ׷ʲô
պǿʿע£һޱȹϵսԶսʻģһͷɫţͷţò񿡣ͲӴ󣬿ȥţСࡣëȴΪ˳ֻͬʣһ˫д޾Ĳɣ֮ɫƺ߹·Ѿ̫̫ࡣ
ϵսȥӦľʣ֪õ£ľʵսϺܶطѾˡܶطŵµĺۼһЩطе㸯õļ
ս棬ŵģһͷʬ
ʬһͭףֳֳһ⼣߰ߵĳìսϣȻû͸¶ȴܿһ
ʬϣȻûɢκǿϢҲûͷų򡣵ȴһҪĤݵĸо
ڳЩˣʵģѾʥ˳ľ硣վڹսıԵ򣬿սһ˲䣬ܶ˶վס˹ǿվ׷ȥ
ЩʥʿͬҲסɫ
һĻ̫ˣҲ̫棡
־磬¼Ĺ£жûʲô˲ãΪǼ顣һĻȴһ׶ûˡ
һԺĹĴʥŹ֮⣬սʩ񣺡ǰк⣿
ͷţȻͣסˡͬŵĹƾսҲ˿ͣսϣǾͷʬĬ
УһӱʥվҲǣҲǣһΡͬʱܵһӴѹѹֻڼеĺϸܹ
УȻһĵѲɣͷʬѾûͷ­ӵ澳ľ粻ɣ
Զս֮ʮ˿񡣳񡣡ļĴʥҪٽ㣬̲סҪʱһϵ˳ͷʬϴݳ
֮󶼳׵סˣԼĻġ
ʲô˼ѲǴ˵еķҪˣ
ɷΪʲôһͷʬ֪ͨģʲôңԶսʲô˼ʮ˿˵ԶսϣջʮˡſԽ
һʱ䣬ɻ󣬴˵ͷӿڳЩˣĶʥ˾ʿǵͷԣûһǼ򵥵ġ˵ûͷʬĻ
Զսʧʸ񡣡ͷʬǹϵٴδݳţţת϶ֲƵսͷԶսȥ
ţĹսж죬գۼ䣬˾ʧȥսӰ
ЩˣȫˡһӰĴ£
֮󣬾⴦֪ʱγɵԶսҪ¿ˣ
ңʸ
񰡣ǿǷ񰡣
˵ĺɱЩ˵仹ʲôϴ־ͷס飬ôȻһ
ǣ
ˣ֪ڷĸִ˵ġ
Ų֪ʲôʱֵİֻҪܹ֣Գ֮⣬еС𡣳Ϊ
ڳЩǿʿһʱ֮ȫѡ뿪ûҶԷ鷳Ϊʱ
ǱҪϢϿ㱨Ա߲εĴڡҲֻЩϴڵľͷǣſݳµʵԡ
⴦ԶսԶϷ
֧ӣǺɱ
һ֧塣Ǿɭϣ룬ɱ졣
һ֧Ծģ
ȫǾʥɵһ֧ڸľӾһս
˫Ѿ˺ܶꡣ
֮ǰľӿΣĴһֱָ֧ĵġ
ⳡս˫ҲѾʧľˡ̫ǿʿսȴûн
ͳ˿̱
ңԶķżսĲʥѩԴʥڴս棡
棬ϴڣִͷ֮һ
ϴͨɱ̤澳èʥԴ˸ԺΪ׵ߴʥⳡԹţһֱ죬Ȼû˽ᡣ
ߣʥΪ׵ľĹսô꣬һֱûָܳԤΪʥѩԴʥľ
˵һΣߴʥнʥĳ̶ֳϣѾˣ
սУɱ졣
󷽣ոմսϣ˲ˡһ۵ĸϵ˿ڡ
ܶ˿棬ŴԻ⡣ϣȴκʹ֮ɫֻüͷĹ塭ô򰡣


1505 Ĺ
ͷǵȻô򣬲ȻĻҲȵ졣
ҵľ磬ҪһξͺˡϣһĨǿҵս⣺Щ˵̫ˣǾļеЩС
Ҳøе̫ŭҲһĨǿҵĺ⣺Իֵģоһһ죬Ҫ
˵ţųҲ֪ǵĶôˣ֮ǰ˵Ѿӱ뿪ˣ
ͷܱ֧һ˲ǿߣֱ뱱׻һҪ׷ɱīһˣҪ׻ơ˵ǳɲ¡
̾˿Ⱥ²ĶּȻ˵ǳɲ£Ǿǳɲ¡֮ڵλһЩ飬ǿͨġܾ׼
ͷҲ֪¡Ϊ˵ƿߣӵкܶ಻˼ͨһЩ飬Ϊӳ֡Ҳʲô鶼ݳ˵Ѿ㹻ˡ
ʵпܵĻԸǵĶһֱ׻ƴҪսȻǴʥҲͬ䡣̾Ϣ
ʵʵĶ׻ƴ򲻳룬ⲻ̫ܡԸˡ˵
ǰϴ־ͷҪǣ˭˵ֻܹϣǵĺӣܹһֱƽг˼
ʱǴսһˣͻȻһ¡¡Ĵ֮𣬿ɸҳһս
ü䣬ɫһʥ
ʱǴ֮ٴ𣺡֮һսʲôʱ򣿲սپԶսٴ򣡡
ͳ໥һۣȻҪϢͬҲ˵ˡһǵԴǵϢ
ȴ˵ǸϢ죬޷ݡҲұ֤ʵġ棬ѾΪϢˡ
κһ壬κһϵǿɣЩϴڵľͷǣ޷¡
ڲ֪ٵ£ˡȻȥ￴һһأ
𣬲Ҫ˵۸һŮ֪֮㼧ϻطѸ㿼£ȥ֮ⳡսȻ޷ϢģĳȴΪⳡֹսѵ㲻ϧ𣿡Ǳߵľʥдżֿȣԣսپɣ
ȻһսپҴӮ㣬ǾĹսʿȫɱ𣿡
֪ǲܣֻ˽ⳡսңԷûһȤʥɣΪĶڣ˵Ѿû˼ˣ˵أ
ҪȥżʲôҸоһ塣
ǱߵľʥЦŶûʸ˵㵱ǿһ壿ɣ񲻵ǣһģ˽źҪԼų㵹ҲǷѾ˼ˡվӣ㲻˽𣿲Լܲ𣿡
죡ȵҸ򣡡
𡭡żɫЩѿ
磬ں˵ĻĿų
Ȼǡ˵֮䣬ģ
ǵġԣⳡսұҪӦ¡˵ܷǼǲģ֮йʸˣؽǰǴԶս£ûԣⳡսԽʵ˫ĺôԽ󡣡
ֺγֻеǼ⣬Ͼոսʥû꣬ʥȴѾǴʥ߽׵ʿˡԳԸǰȥԵС
ߵĻӪУһЩĴʥʥƫƫָյҪսǼ󡣳Դ˸еޱȵķŭ
мϻĴʥʿ˿ҲȫϹżӦսһսǰɡ
ǰʥΪֱҪƤ۸ˣ
һĸ߽״ʥ¡¡ʥһս
֧ӵͳ˧ô㲻ôǱ߾ʥƵҪǲңҲûʲôֻҪ˵һ㲻ҸҴⳡսݸһ䣬֮ԶսսΣ
ĵ˼ֱǸһŭȵʥٳЩûõģ㲻ҸҼҲ˵ⳡսҲݸһ䣡
ûûʸҴ򡣡ʥЦųô㡭
ʥû˵СҲս
޾Уһд޾ֱӽʥĵɢҪ˵Ļȫ˻ȥ
ӣϣʱ¶һĨ֮ɫţһĴʥҡ
Ļû˵꣬Ȼ俴һĹâңԶһߣһֲ˼ٶȣֱӳžĹǱնȥ֮쿪
һĹâɢɱ⣬ҪѹƬǺˡ
ڽս˫౻ɱӰ죬鲻Խȫ֣ͣĿɫĹâ
ߵҲ𺳵üʧȥ˼ά
˵УֻʣһĨ졣
ĹǱߣȻ䴫һŭȡ
һīɫĹâ˲ӭһĹâ˫˲佻֯һ𡣴ƬգһӾˡ
˫һƬմĴ˼ֱǻԵģǵ񷣬һһɲ˺ۡзңɢ޾Ϣ
۾һӾˣֱţһԼӴġȻһ־ǿߵİԵϴ֮£𻹴δն˿µһ
ĹǱߣʱŴһƺߡУͬż־֮⡣
һˣҪսһ粻ԼŮˣϵǿԷݡ˼𣿻еǿ߿ɱ㡣˵ףһһС治֪ˣǲǾϹ۲ŻΪʲôʥīӰڼԣ죬ûĹκҪȺճӵܸ֪ٱ
˵䣬īԷκλĻᣬ˵˵ôϻʲôҪսսīүүˣǾĹ岻Ǵϵ¶ɱôɱ
˵ţīһ˲ʧԭأһ̣Ȼֻɱ˾ĹӪֱԹ˫սսһӳھĹǱߡ
ɱ
С

ĹʥʿŭһֱӳīĿ⣬ͬһˡ
һĹĴʥЦСǿ̫Ҵȥɣ


1506 նʥ
ӣû뵽īȻ˳嶯ֱӴĹӪ¼ɫˡ
ͬһô꣬ȻĹĵ̡īȥûʲôֱ
ĴʥҲˣžĹǱ߳ȥˣҲҪѳī
һóīиֿ̣ɾʹˣ
壬˭֪īҪԣЩ֧Ҫǲ֪īҪԣαشĻǵҪɱ
⼸ĴʥҲ̲סаԹīʵЩ̫嶯ˣ˰֪ߵغ
ĹҪôױͶˣõŴ򵽽ô
۾Ĺߣ̫˶˻ˣ
ʥΪĵճˣԳīļֱֵ
콫īɱˣôⳡսĹˡʧأǶûϵ
ɱڣʥһȥʮĻ꣬һϵս
Գ棬γһ˸ּ⣬˲ÿһĹʿǰ
£ʥʿ˳ī
ʥ
ΪΪģѾ˴ʥڣ
˾Ҫɱī
ī
ͬʱҲмĹĴʥɹЩʥʿ۾ȫ˸ű䵽µĹâһֲϧһдҲҪµĺ壡
ͳʱҲѾ
Ĺǿ֮Ĵսһ
ʱīˡ
ʥΧŵĳī治ɫ˫ƺһ˿м͡ŷֺ
նһ
һڤ˵еһ¾ɣ
ⲻǳīһʹһ⿴ѾϳīΪĵڳīʥʱʹȴһı仯
ǵģ仯
ֱ仯ҲΨиīͬЩˣеĸܵ
һֲ̫ˣ
׼
˵˳ī־磬׼֣ȥƽ档ĸʥ˵ʱ򣬻ֲ׼ʱأ
¾ɵ־׼ȴֱָԴľ׼
ĳīУһѾȫ˳īԼġʥĵ

īĸ֮һܽīϵȫ
īϵĵ̨һεı仯֮ѾûôˣĻۣȴԶȥ
ľ磬ȻǴʥ磬䣬ȴûĸʥϸᲢۡ
ϾЩʥûôĵ̨
ٶޱȣ
쵽ͬΪʥʿӦĵز
κһʥٶȫ˲䣬ᳬԽâٶȺܶ౶
īһնȴǳԽ˹âǧٱ
һʱⶼҪնĵˣ
Ϊģγһ˼ĳ棬ʱͿռ䣬ȫԳīΪģ
ԣһͷ֮£ܽӣ
߱ĵ֮ϣѾʼѪӿǿ֮Ѫ֮µӡǣѪȷ紵𣬾죬ɱޣ
һ
ʥʿ촦
ǵĹȻȫûüʩչһ֡
飡
һŴʥڵʿͷ­ͻȻ䱬ˣ
ĵбī˲ĥɵġ
ʣͷ­ȻŻԣȴīĵȫʧȥκȻûȴҲˣ
ȥͷ­ԶսƯŵЩʥͷ­ż֮
ĳ̶ֳϣһģһ
ͷ­ʧȥʶȴûѪڲϵʡʥ־ͷ­꣬Ҳδʸɾ
ңЩͷ­У̺ĲʣЩǿߵĵİκξǵ飬ͷ­ᱻӰ죬ᱻ׵ɱ
һԳī˵Ĳ
õһȻҲͬɱˣģȴҪӺܶ౶
ڣīȻӣѪ죬˵žĹӪɱȥһѹȵ˶Ҫˣ
һгǼλĴʥʿˣ
һгסλʥľĹʥҲˣ
𾪴ˣ
ͬҲˣ
սϵнս˫ȫˡ
ǵģˣˣ
˭벻īȻһնʥʿ
죿
ô飿
Уž޵ľ콾ࣿ
ȺѾվڵ۷ʿǼ̫ˣϵǳ࣡־ŵ콾
ǿƵǾҪǿߣ
īһľͷôܽǣīǣ
ֻһʥʿ
ʲôʱΪʥģƺ֮ǰʥǳսʱֻһʥ˰ɣʥ˻
˶īǿɵˡȺǿƥʿʱ˿̣ȫˣ
䣬ôˣ
ʥ
īȣ
쵽ԸӵѪɫ棬ָսӢꡣ
ࡣ
ʥȻʶġһĭ
һ¡ſȥӢϣһƬ԰סץսη֣˼Ŀųī㡭㡭
īȻ̧֣ݺһʥ
䣡
ʥսϣȻ䱬һɲɣۻϢһɿ˲γһīĺڶųīֺֻ
𣡡ʥŭȡ
ܹʩչġǿһ

Ĺǿһֹ
ֹĲǶ֣Լ
ʱ̣ʥѾʲô˲ˡ䣬ҲһҪѳīɱ
Ŵʥ
ҪΪͷֽΣ
䣬˭ס
˵ֻӸ˫ǰ꣬˭ս¶Ϊֻ
޾ĻϢųīֹʥǹϵսѾʧˣ
ǱһĴʥʩչĹľɱ𣬿Լӳ
ĹȻϴ־ͷ಻ӣ
ʱͿռ䣬һ̣ٶͣ͡ǿӰսӰ쵽ʱͿռСȻڸıʱ䳤ӵ򣬵ȴ൱ԶӰ졣
ʥЦСһɣ
֮⣬ͳĿѣĴʥʿҲһ顣
һսֱ̫Ԥˡ
īһնĹʥ޷
ʥԥķ˻һ׼벻
ݺݾκ˶ġ
˭ҪһīϣȻųǹ⡣ǹ˲ӳȥ޾Ǻ
Уڿǳ䱻ȫɢǿҵǹ⣬īϵǹңӦ
īУһ̨˲Ϣ˳īȫ
γһεĵ̨ڳī£
į̤̄ǹ⣬ҫֳѪɫ߱죬ͷϣǧķ衣
ʥһ𣬾ǿ֮µһëֱӾͱˣʧӰա
ī̧־һ
һâؽԼš
ʥɡ


1507 һĿ
֪˶ãʥֱѿ룬Ȼ󡭡Ǿʯһ˲绯ˣʧˡûһĺۼ׵׵䡣
޾ңԶȻ䴫һ춯صŭԼĵµЦ
漴ŭˣЦҲʧˡ
žʥ䣬ĸʥľĹʿ׷ѿʥһ绯Ƭս֮ϡ
ţսϲľĹʿûŪ׷ʲôӱȫѿˣ绯ˡʧ
ǹɱ
īոչ޾ǳǹ֮Ĺʿ
һԳī˵ޡȴֵ
ΪƬսϣѾûܹվľĹʿˡ
һȫնɱˣ
ߵˣȫľվǣɵɵĿУϷ绯ʧľĹսʿȻʶġĿתǵյӰ
ͻȻ䣬һսһ춯صī޵У塭޵У
˲䣬˵Ѫһӱ׵ȼˡ
ī޵У塭޵У
ˣջصǿԸӣƬ
Щʥʿ̲סŭ
ⳡ˺ܶսȻˣ˵Ԥϡ
Ĺ壬в֪ǿīһˣˣ
Ȼû壬Ϊоڡ볹ӣҲôңԶˡ
˸˵Ӵ޾ġ
Ӵ޾ģ
īңǺսĿջأԼĸף˵ҪǡΨл𣡡
Ψл𡭡
仰˲䴫սʿĿУظ仰
Ψл𣡡
̫ˣ
ǻһͳ£ڳʱҲûΨл𡣵仰һʥʿ˵˾Ȼûоù֡ƺӦӲŶԡ
ԼĶӣһĨ֮ɫţ㵭ʵû°ɣ
ʱҲӶӵְлعһеĿųīô
īԼĸĸ΢΢һЦİɣûµġ
󣬳īʼķָոյ
ƬսϣȱӦþŨľˣܶĬĬĻָУǺܿͻָȥˡΪȫŵˡ
ۿɼĹĳųīǱӿȥͬһī嵱ʡ

ʲôķ
ǻôǿķ𣿡
ˣȫһ͵ı顣
īߵȺˣҲֱǡȺʥʿһȫķԾҲ൱ġȴûôġ
һ۳ҡҡͷҲ֪
ʵϳ֪īķΪ⣬īʦħġķһƪǲǸһõķī粻ҲûķʲôȣҲ¡
˿̲ͻȻ䷢֣īⲿķֹǲ۾硭ֱһ֣
˵īķ޽еģ
һԣһ˫УҲûʲôĶеĵˡκ鶼Ȳˣ
īûлָ̫õʱ䣬ΪܻиĿս
һʱ֮󣬳ī˫ۣԼĸĸЩֵʵΪʲôôң
ӵսʵΪƽԾҲǼˣô޵ģȴһμϱʥųīһ̾ı顣
ģҴδһʥϱʿ˵
ʱգӻͿʶͷıˡ
Ӧò̫á
һ̫ã
һȺϱʥʿΧĻǲҪǮƵģϵ͡˵þͳ˶Щ˼ˡҲףȺϱʥɲְķ֮ƽҪǿ佱һˣֱ̫ˡĲ˵ǵǵҲǸĺӡڼֻʴȺϱʥ۵ûҪ࿴۵СޡԣǱī־޵ıָ۷ˡȻǶ˵Щ
īǫѷĺܣһֱǫѷ΢Ц
Ⱥϱʥ˵ˣǺ޲ܰѳīԼȥӾ֪ǶԳīϲǷĵġ
Ҳã֧ҲãճҲաʵȺϱʥУûôҪѪô꣬νճһѪҲδػʼǼǰ㴿ԣУֻҪģԼˣ֮Ǿǵˣ
˵֧һеľˣȺϱʥȫǸ֮
սһīڵȵڵĻᣬżʵ
΢΢һЩԾĿųīӣò롭
īͷ˵֮Զս¿Ϣ٣ʵ϶û˻֪һ֣ҲҲȥ
ȫͷȷ񡭡ջȻǶھͷ˵Ҳ޷ܾġ
еʿûܿܣ
ԣ巢ⳡս϶ҪͣġУ϶ǣ浽̫顣˵ĳЩսϣδػռԵơī˵
ȫ¶˼ɫͷ̾ǻһΣڰ˷ս֮˺ܶڶ˼塣ʵǶԼͬʱսˡȷ˵ڼսϣǶռơⳡս֮ǰľս
⻰һīɶݡ
ս֣һһҲ˵ˡ̺Ѫȷ磬ȴ޷ݡ
ʲôսһˣһˣģ
󣬱ȵľ˭ĵ̸ǿ˭ǿЩ˭ͻЦ
ĵȻǿޱȣͬʱϼ塭Ȼսַʽ󣬻Ľĺ˵ҲַֻͬʱסеĹ塣
һ֣˵Ϊġ̫пˣ
ī̲ס̾ϢȲƱ
׿Щӵͷī˵Щǿ϶ȫǺ֮ǣΣʥҪսž۸ˣˡ룬սҲжʡ
˵ͷ
ⲻСī˵Щ屳ľͷǲȫסˣ
ͷϷսʥѩԴʥס˾棬սϣʥס棬ս纣ʥţħʥס˺档ս
棿ֵ֡īһԼߵĽݴӵʶģ˫᲻ʲôϵ


1508 ޱ纣
ƺҲ뵽ҡҡͷӵĸ׼Ӽûϵ棬û֪ıʲôԿ϶ǣ塣
ļīʵ
ҡҡͷԶңĲǼ壬һڡǸŴڵʱҪ廹ҪԶ׷ݵԶʱǸŵУʿҪռ˾ųϡ
ֵˣ棿īʵ
ͷǵġ
֪ˡī˵ǣǽսǺıսˣ
˵Ҳʵսľࡣڵ纣ǳգңͬһڡǼ塣һͬ
Ǿˡī˵
û⣿һԿųī˵ǿģʵܴоĹ壬Ѿܶˡ
īԼĸףǵһЩǻ𣿡
ЦȻᣬʿ֮սնɱǳ̬ʴȡֻͨİ
ǲˣī˵ߣȥ纣
̫ɴˣ
ЩϱʥЩͷͷԭҪ³īʲô⡣һıǧκʧ
ҪҪ˾˵һ£ųī
һͺáī˵ǳЩϲסȴǵצ˵
ðɣҲһ൱ϵˣŶӼ֣Ҳٷԡ
ЩʹޣͳԼȺĵճӵܣʵҪǿīġҪлЩǿ϶ǺԥġֻϵԼĶӣŻԥ
Σ̤;
·ϣīĸڱһЩԼص׻ƴ֮Щ顣
ͳޱȶݣ벻ڱȻĵõ˳ʵ֮ǰľѾµˣȻĻīľһֲΡ
һⳡս֮󣬳īľѾ޽ӽʥ۷ˡٶȣδšȻЩϴڵľͷǣڳīʱҲûΪġ
ԣڳīδڶѾȥԤʲôˡѾȫǵ֪롣
ͨԤԣڵ˰˾ŷ֡
ΪҲֻһţķưɣ
ڳī׻ƴЩ飬ͼ𶼸˸߶ȵۡ
öԣ˲ܵʲôʱ򣬶˵
ˮ˼ԴЩ飬ΪΪеܸп
̫ˣ˵ҲһĪѹʤȻģδûһСʧ䡣ڳ޾УѾһСϳīվĹѪ
ͳʵ֪īһһͳһĹѪһ㡭ȥ
£īûᣬΪãûҪ˵ͽ˸С
ϧͼˣҪ֪Ǹϲʲôطץ˵
˵ʮа˾Ͷĳͷˣôöûж˵ţīһҪСģ֮ǣϵЩܣһᾡ˵Ͷľͷͼû´ĻҲӦ䵽ĳͷԭȺ˱سĿ꣬񡭡Σա
ҲЩǵĵϴڣӦûʮЩ겻µġȥûʲôϵⲻǾǺˡ
īȻʵЩͷǣв𣿡
⣬óͼȫס໥һۣЩɵĵӦòɣ
ᡣĻشʮֿ϶ųīΪûҪ
ûҪôīЦ׸׵˼ˡΪϴ־ͷҪֵĻҪκḶֻ́ҪĿ׼͹ˣ
棬أҲӲԷġȻˣ
־磬Ȼκεķ飬ͬҲоηǾηη飬
ԶԳī֣ǶԵޱȵĽΪ޴
īˣ˵ûԻû˻š
ϴڵľͷԻ֣ѾַɵֱǶܳͿɼĿ¡
ǲ
ͷǲͬп־壡
ֺֻ۽粻ͬúܶΪϴڵľͷηġ
ֻҪЩϲвңҾη塣ī仰˵ĺƽƽԼЩ⡣
ʲôʱѾҲô𣿲ԣӦȻηŶԡīԺУͷ˲־磬Ժκ飬ʵһ˲䡣
īԼ̹Ȼ̹ȻΪл̫ǣң̫Ųµ˺¡ԣӲΪԼʱһ̹Ȼʹݡ
ܿ죬īݳĸԴڡ
ǳ
ͼɱһ̣ߺһɲǳ塣ʱȻΪ̫ϣȻԳΪһֳѵĴڣ
⣬У
⣬īеǹηĸԴڡ֮ǰīԼûвһ㡣
ųīЩĵﶼϣܺúõĻϡҪǧҪ˵ţץס˳ī֣ȻȦˡ
ûܰųīӺӳɳб̫źȻĸؾۣ˴ȴѾ־磬ҪѰĸ̫ˡɲĸ׵ԣڵġ
īοİţϣеľͷȫվǵĶġ˻᲻ͨǸԤԵġ
ôīԼҲ֪ȴô˵ΪԼĸΪԼģ뿴ĸѹı顣
޴սϢڹ¼ŵԲ˼ٶȲԾſռ䣬ÿһԾһƬİ浱С
һϵͨīĴʥ۵һЩսҲͬ顣
Щ𾳽սȫѾӡȻĻǸ޷۵ʶ˲
ºĴսһƬĴ󺣱Ե
纣
纣ޱߡ
Ƭ̫ˣƯУϴڵľͷһҲľͷ
ǺӾ纣ϿƯţ
纣ҪЩҪܶ౶
ޱߣɼף
纣޾ܣͷҲ˵˽ȫ
纣һɱ紵ǿŭҲǰʺ;
īĿ⣬Խ޾ǺӣһӰ档
ǵӰԭڷնɱʿڳīһ˲䣬Уֱתͷ޾Ǻӣīһ


1509 ǹɱ
ĵĿ⣬ԣĵ⣬໥֯޾գһɿֲϢⲨֱӾƬսϵˡǱߵһۿңԶƬ죬ʱ˷
ǵԮˣ
ǵˣ
ǹ
пʥ
纣ߵʿһȫζû뵽ȻԮϵȺҳϵĻսʿһΪԼʬƬ纣
Ȼˣ޻ڡΪΪ˻׳Լ
Ԯϵһɲǣ˵ģȻܵǿҵĴ
ûǣûзǣ
ɱѽһʥ˾һеĳꪣŭȡ
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īȺսʿڼȻϱʥĴ֮£û˵ԥңԶյս
ͳͬŴɱ˹ȥ
īߣֻܿʣ´󹫼
ԴӸųīߣ󹫼ͱñȽϳĬƬİ棬׻ƴȫһ̫ϤĶҪʱȥ֪
ⲢǴ󹫼ĬԵɣƬУʼոоƺٻ
ָоܹ죬ûī
Ƭ纣֮󣬴󹫼еָоҲǿƺԽԽһɼ¶ѪҺ
һͬٻ
󹫼Լ̤֮оԺηˡ
Ƭĺף
ʱ򣬳īңԶǺһʿ֮䣬Ȼڶţ
˶˫ɱԷûһԼ纣ڵЩʿл½ڽڰˡУֻʣ³īһˡ
īϣܵһɼֲϢϢһֻݷĹһ
ȻҲ˸е㤡
īٻһ¸ոʱ򣬶ԷնɱսʿĳҲ΢΢һ֮ǰսУԶûóʵս
ȻںɱУȴȫûء
ǳī괫һɱ
ҡīͬĻӦ
ӶɱʥǱĺˡϵӳϣҲǱĺˡӶ˫⵱У˷ŭ
ŶīޱӦһ
㲻˵ʲô𣿡ӶīķӦŪƽ
˵ʲô˵ĺôô޴īңԶǺǱߵӶ˵˵˴ǧҶ
СǺһ˵ӶŭˣС˵̫ˣ
Σ˲ʧԭأһ̣һµĳֱӳڳīͷϷӶ˲ޱȾ޴
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յĳһӱޱճīȻҪһ£൱ѡ
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ӶӼҵһ档Ȼȥᣬȴһ޾µϱܡ֮ǰӳϺʥһս֪ȴû¡ʽ΢û棬ûκӳϺʥӣ
˵ˡ
ȴû뵽ֻһгīϳͻɱӼһ콾ʥһ˴ʥӳϡһжʤ
ӶֱӼס˳ī֣ͬʱʹޣҲøǿҡ
纣ߣæġҪ塣
벻ﾹȻ˳īӶ˵áīֱɱ˾ǣ
ӶֺεѹʽīȻûжŭȻһĨĺ⡣һնȥȶԷѽƿûֻʧ
Ȼһ˲˺ֵܶеĸ̨¡¡죡
ĵ̨Уǧں
ٵת֮£ֱӻһս£ڳīϣ
У߿ǳǧڹȻûбɱ󣬵Ȼͷų޾
īĸֵڹںϣ
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֮
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īٴγֵʱֵλãӶͷλ
һս£̤¯ֳѪɫ߱죬ͷ
Իִת
ҵľԣҵԡ
ڳīϱ
ǳīΪֹǿһΣ
˫Ŀռת̫ǿˣӦҲ̫ˡвأͻٲԣīòԼȫʵһӱ
Ҫ̽
Ϊ־ʿһ۾͹ˡ
īе߱𣬺ݺһն䡣
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Ӷһŭ·纣ӿɸ߾ˣ
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󹫼ȴûһ£纣
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īһĳ򣬱øճʱ伸ֹͣ
Ψгī֮е־ڷƬе޾ָŸոһǹɱġ
Ӷվһ
ͷŵӣҲ
˫һɵƻʵֲ̫ˡսԶĵطȥע⵽Ӷ쳣
ƬеʱΪסԣʱǹȥţҲֻһӶͷϣͻȻһѺۡȻһĴ졣
ǡ
ţһ˲ġ
ӿʼٵĹѿȻֻһѺۣȴޱ䣡
һ£мΪ룡
룬һ鱻쵶йĶ
īһ֣Ĺӽ뵽ĴռСϣͷƴʥ
ӶվӴϣȻǿƥơ
û⡣
ȷˣ
Ĳ
ľ꣬īȫе֮һǹɱֱն
ֻʣһߴʥ۷εȻǿֲƥġʥ˾ʿ·Ҳᱻϵɱɱ
īվĬĬĻָһȻٴγ֣ϴͨӶѹƵСһӣһǿķ
ŵ˵ӶΪʿһָһǿޱȵʥ
ȻһˣʵѾȫؼˡ
ǺöܷŹ
󣬳īĿ⣬ͶԶ纣ϣ纣ںͺһʿǣ˲Ϣ䣬͸оԼǱһޱȿֲĴڸˡҴһµĸоޱĸо
еǳŭ
ʲôʱ纣ԼĵϣҲֵѹˣ
ʵǣ˿ǳī


1510 ͷ
ǣϣīּʿҪһʶ
ô
īɲǿ羰ġ˵纣˿Ѿŭ죬Ҳûʲô羰ɿˡ
ԣЩ纣ںͺһʿ־Ŀ⣬īûκԥֱӾͳˡ
ɱ
߱ĵѪɫâޡ
ݺ
纣ϿգһƬѪȷ磬ѪȾƬĺ纣飬ԶԶҿ
īɱ죬ɱ⣬ͬһӪĻսʿǶеһַĵη塣
һɱ񰡣
ʹûɱˡ
ǳīǰѵǶ˵߱Ĵ˵֪һ׵ûеõ³ġվǴ˵ٳʿҲ˥ϵһ졣
ôʵҲ³бģΪ˵
ֻ߱ѵڳīɱ죡
ѵͷų򣬾ԸѹƬˡ
Ⱥսսʿǣǹɱ⣬ѪҺǲѪԣҲڳ׵ıīǸԻӶɷһ㣬ʼĻɱˡ
ĳޣʱ䳤еԹ
˫ĳ̫ã
񳹵ױīˣ
ʱһֻ֣޾
һֻƣޱȾ޴
С򱶣Ӧһֻܺÿƣ𪣬ָ޳ӦһŮ˵֡
˿ֲ̣̫ˣ
Уǳֻ±ѣ촷ۡ
Ȼֻ֣ųī׺ݵѹ
һŮ𣺡ɱߣ
īһ۾ϳֻƵ
꣬׻ƴ·֮ϣɵʱ뵽һĻþУֻƣҪɱ׾˾ˣˣΪۣӡֻơ
ˣ
ԭӼҵ棡
У¶֮ɫӲƣ
Ӽ̫ϣӲƣ
ϴڣ澳ͷ֮һ
˭Ҳ벻ӼҵϴھȻٴγ֡
ֻ֣ѹ纣γɵĳƬ˲̡սϵˣȫˡĿϵĳųīѹȥ
ˣ
īϵĲȻ䱬ʮ貶ĿĹԣ£ī
ţǻ¯ɢ޾֮ʮ֮ϡ
ϣ
īе߱죬ֱնֻ֡
һεĳīɲոɵʱǸСʿˡ
Ȼϴ־ͷҲûһս֮
ǧսڳī죬īֱնǳеĵڶ
ʮն
߱նһһγʮֹâݺݺֻ档
һָ˲䱻ն䡣
ƬѪһ㣬к
ֻ֣û˿ͣ٣
ī壬ݺĽ纣С
īΣ˲ʧ
޾ҲһŮʹֻĴ֣ҪԼǸնָʱȴͻȻġһӣ֪ʲôطݹݺݵǾ֮ϡ
ѽ
һȺͿ־Ľֻ֣ƺ˹ͷȴޱѸٵ˻ȥ
¡
Ǹ޴ָ纣ܿȥ
ǸӣҲֻʧİ֣Ӱ١
纣Ϸˣȫ
ӣ𷢳һ۾һʳˮֱӳųīʧĵط˹ȥ
ǳͼĴʥ
Щսսʿøӷ
ŭɱҽһΣ쳹纣Ͽա
īڸոһ˲䣬ܵޱеϢ֮䣬УƽȻ̫źȴҲûʲôںޡ
ЩϴڣԤеֻ֡ʱˡЩ˲ţûʱ̷֡ⲻĳͿԵ顣
һΣīҲиܵ˾ͷ
ֵġ
̫ǿˣ
ʹķ򣬵һֻ֣ͿκҪȥĵطѹκҪѹˡ
ܣһд۵ġ̫ǿˣ
һɲǣ¯ǧɵս£Ϊ˾ųɾŵ
˵û⼸ﻤ壬īѾˡ
ȻīȻش
澳̫ǿˣ֮Ϊľͷ治ûġ
īսѾԺƴʥ澳ľͷȻС
һ˲䣬ôǿһīľʶУһͷȻͱ۾
̫ˡ
ֻ˫ۣúЪһЪ
ͻ¯ԼսȻڱųīȴ赲ϳ纣
һģǸ޴ޱȵָ
֮ͬ³
ʩչ޴ֿͨˮȥȺҲһ֣ͬҪһͨ
Ѱĺʥ˾ĳҲһͷ⺣ˮɺԣ
纣
ȻǾͷ˵˽ĵط
ԣһξ֮󣬼Щ˱㷢֣û취ˡȻĻ⡣
𡭡ǣȥɡ仰˵ҲޱȼѡϾȥĶӣôԼĶأ÷纣ǶĴʥˣҲû취뵽
˵ǻ֪īûľν룬
Ҳ˵ᣬ¡ֱû취һ̣̲סʹ
ҵĶӣôôࣿͨˣһ㲻ˣһ㲼µľ֣ҶˣҪôгһգұɱ㣡
ʥʿԳ棬ؼ¡¡죬γһּ
żҪιȥļ˳·ءһȺʥĻϱʿҲȫһݣĬ
һ콾վǱͷԳָɱˡ˶󣬵ȴûа취˭ûûͬȼľͷ
īսҲʵ̫ˡȻһն˾ͷһָսн磬ˡ
̫ϧˡ˾޵һ콾ˡ
Щ˵УûпǹīǷֿܻܡΪǼǲܵģ
纣̫˵ѹͷ粽У
ûʲôѹ´
ԣܺܶ˶֪纣رȴû˸ȥ⡣
ֹ֮ͣᣬɱսü䣬һĨɱ
ˣҲȫ˿
ⳡս纣ϣֳһ¡
µ纣ڱУһ弸壡
֧һĻţǴսȥ
纣ձУϵǲǡҲȾ죬ѪһƬ纣˺һ㡣Щȫǿ֮Ѫˮ¼궼ʧ
ؼ䣬˵ա
纣īȫޡ
طȻϴڣ޷ݡ


1511 
ī·Ѿ˵ܣܽӲڵĺףûаͻ¯ȻػųīսҲ˸ŵĹâ߱ڳīؿڡ
Ǹ֮ľ޴ָڳī岻Զͬһˮ׵ɽ룬ب
ط䡢¼ţκ
ʱһһȥ
硣
ʥѩԴʥ֮սȻڼʥѩԴʥݷ֮󣬾綼Ѿ޽ӽ澳඼澳սˡվûжɽ١㲻澳
£϶ǾĶ֡ܵķɣսءȻ޾£Ȼܳ
ԣ˫ƾУѽѷ֡
ǾĹ屻īУҲûֳܷһ㾫Ըī
ⳡսȻڼС
ڳīͷӲһ纣˲䣬淢һЦСĺãƭ㣬磬ȻһԳɱ㣡
ʥѩԴʥȫܷŭҲе˸Сһӣˡ
ѩԴʥԳ壬һͷݺѩŭž棺־磬Ȼ޳ܣֱ
޳ܣѩԣ벻㻹档ʲô޳ܣЦǵ磬׵磡ǵ־⡣Ȼ˵£Զɲ˾ͷ
ѩǳΪͷҪ޳ܣԸɾͷ
Ҳɲˣߡ
ʥһԺαظְԣɱ
ʱͻȻһʲôµڷǶ׷׹䣬һĩվ
սǿʱȫסˡǾ棬̲סһôܣ
ѩԴʥʥķӦ΢һ㣬Ҳֻô̶̵һ˲ˡǺ֪ܿʲô̲סЦ޵У

漸Ҫˡ
֮ϣѾǿһǳ
޾ĲУһ޴Ѻۡбٵ죬ڲϵ̮
ƬѪɢɢƯƬСÿһƬѪ޴ƥɲ⡣
ǾͷѪ
Ѫ
һֻ˵ĺӣһȻվ˫ɢǵ⣬ս
ǰһֻ˶ͬһյľ޴ɽ룬ӼôһƯţѾʧȥе
һɰ˵Ϣ˳ɢȥ
ͷ䣬ͬ
һŵľͷӲˣ
ʥĺӣɱͷ
˵īһ˽ܣԺƴʥʿôֻӣһ飬һľͷ
ľͷҲǾͷǿ󣬾Ǵʥʿġ
ˡ
ľ꣬Ѿɢϵĸ־ӡǣҲһһʧȻܻ̿е㳤Ҫǧʱ䣬ܳʧ
棬ȴҲˡ
ˣ
ɱһͷ
⽫Ǹдʷһս
ڻɱʱְ̣һѳīϧһӣȥе
ı壬Ȼһֻ˶㣬֮ǰûжܹõġ
һǣɱ棬ʵԼҲѾĵü;ƿˡȻվ⣬Ŀʬ
֮У޾ľӵע롣
һֻ̣ӣ޵еģ
ϵѹ档
ҲںӻɱûõĹ򣬾źѹ
Цһˣ
˵ţһͷֱʧһ̣Ƭ棬ʧȥ˺ӵӰ١û֪ȥ
ͬһʧģǾͷʬ
ţǵȫâţ࣬ŮһӸʬѾʧˡ໥һۣЩźҡҡͷһԲתȥ
纣ıԵڸʥţħʥսĺ棬һɲǣһ˲䱬һޱǿϢһ˲䣬·𳹵׻ָ۷״̬һ㡣ֱӽʥţħʥˣȻһԾ纣գۼʧӰ١
ʥţħʥһ֪ʲô໥һۣͬĵȥҺ磡
Ҳԥˡߵʮָɴ䣬ûһԥ
ֱӸıĺܶ֡ͷ񻰣ǲսʤͷ˵ܴҶףͷʵȻǲɺġϾֻһֻӣȴʮͷڡ
ɲһսڸĪļ
һҲɾͲ˾ͷܹɳӵ־磬ҲԺͷˣ
䣬ʹµǸţһĻŴĽڽڰˡҲױˡ
սҲݸһ䡣
īѶڴ˳
׼ȷ˵ǳīʧٵϢϢ֮󣬾ͳ˳īѶ
ûųīھͷһ֮»Ҳûų纣л뿪
Ϊ֮̾ϢҲֳޡ
ӻɱ棻īնͷָźϰ˷ʤ顭
Ϣʼӿ
һǣոսʥ˾ħϢֱԼĶ䡣ڳĬ֮ħָֻ״̬ʼ˷
ã罫ţŬԼľ𿿵ʵᣡ
ͬĻʳڣոսʥ˾ӵƷ磬Ϣ֮ҲȫĬˡ
Ӽҡӵ˵
ǣƷޱȺ䡣
ҵĽϢֱ֮ӱչˡ
Լڷʥˤ˺ܶණһ֮ɫ԰׵ֹͣ˶ԳīѰҡ
纣̫죬ȻԻ˼ӳ֣޷ݳ
ϢڻǴС
ˣϢ֮󣬼ˣǳĬһ֮󣬱ֳͬķӦ
ܣˮ˵
ֱ뿪ڣȻһ·򱱣纣ķȥųīһ¾İһ


1512 
ҶˣһһˣҲҪȥһ
ҲҲãκΰ֮ɫΪͲųī⣡˸ͳһϢȥӰʯϴ΢Цеǲõģī϶šǸīʵӦҲܸӦûȥˣǲõģһĴ
֮Ӱʯ˼С
һɱϻˣɢɱ⣬˶Щη塣
Ӱʯ֮󣬼ܳʱû˵
һᣬ˳۽ǵ䣬ȻתȥҳˡΪҪֹȥ纣
ȻŶӻ˵ĸĵĸоûжϵǣ纣
û˵ĸ˳纣ܻ֮Żġüе顣ǣīڻţϣ˭ܾȵأ
纣ϴ־ͷ㵽塭һͷûУ
еϴ־ͷ罪ҡ飬ôڣȥ󽪼ҵ棬ȥһ纣ˣ̫ˡ㼧ôҪȳīҲñվԼӵ顣
֮󣬼֪ī飬ȥ纣ˡ
ʲôʱһżʧȥ纣ˣ
Ĭĵͷ
УðȰȥǺ𣿼ֱȥû纣ǿ飬ƾľ磬Ҫ뵽纣ʲô𣿡˵ţ̲סüͷ
ʱ˵ӵƷ
˿̻Ĵڷ̵·ϣӵƷӻʳǱ߹ǵġ
ͳ໥һۣ˵ǹɡ
Ƭ֮ӵƷǰʩӵȲĿ˵壬ī׳ʲô£
ӵǷǳȵģּеʱ
˵ȷǳˣӼ̫ϣϴӲһƴ纣񡭡Ӧûţϣûܾȵˡ˵꣬Ȧֺ
һԳ̾һĬΪһףû˭ĸʹࡣ
纣ӵɫΪѿ԰˴ˣ̵˽⡣Ȼ纣һʲôĵط
Ʒ֮ǰҲ˹Σ֪纣֮׿֤ʵīͷ纣ĸеһĴʹ
ԭݵܣĽҲӵĽ
ųīʥǿУĵһ¡׷ҲǸĶΪ˶֪īĺܶ飬ʵһֱһֵģϴ־ͷ֡
ʲôʲô
ҪƷҧгݣɫĵ̤뵽Ǹȥһ̤뵽Ǹ磬ҵһɱľ
ӵƷļ򣬳̫ңԶȲ˵Ȼתͷ𣺡ȥӼң
ǵģȥӼңƷ˵
ʱϷսЩսʿսԼ纣ǱߵսʿսͻȻе궯
һϷսŵĸ߼ָӹٳżʩȺˣӦսɳ֮ˣΪӣǶңϷսһ·˱ս󡭡սһУΪӵԵʡԣҪΪӱ𡣹Ӽң
ϷսźͱսͬŭӼң
ΨԳīûôй۵ţͬҲǻӵܣҲѪ֮ûгīǶӼҵʹҲ١ˣֻź֮Ҳ̲סˣŭ
Ӽң
Ӽң
Ӽң
ĸ߼ָӹ٣ҲǻϱʥһԵҲûʲôԥģӲƣΪϴڵľͷܲҪһ֣ǻʲôɹ˼ɵģ
һʥĵʲôŹ˼ɵģʲôںҶӶδһںʲô˼ɵģܲܰӼֱӸˡһӲϲһγֵ֡Σ
ʱ򣬼ϵĴʯͻȻ䴫һɲ
ʯʶһɨ־Ȼǽϵ
֮ͨ󣬽Ǳֻݹһʶһ˫Уʱ˵Ĺâ
漴ɫȻһȺĸ߼ָӹ١ϱĴʥԼ˷ڶϴˣȴ־Ļʼսսʿһ˵Ӽң
䣡
һɾ춯صƣȻ
ɱӼҡ

򱱷硣
纣С
һ޴ĺ㣬ǧƯ纣ϡ
ǺԳӣ⽫СƯȴԼš
ǧﳤ壬Ƭ纣вʲôʮﳤȱȽǡԣͣ纣ֵطֻǱȽϿɿڵСġЩӴϲ
ԭǲмôġƬİ飬Ȼ˵ܹѹ纣ÿһ䣬٣ҪЩ峤ľ޴飬Ǻѹģֻ벻룬ûܲܡ
ڲУеء
ƲǺʥţħʥɵġ
ǿµĵˣķɵ˺
Ǽͷϳ֣춯صһ£ĪڸʼʮԪһΡǵʱɹˣֻһΣܵķɣǴҲҵڶ飡
ҲΪʲôȺͷģ׵ҵīȴûôҲûֱӶԳīֵĸԵʡ
˵ӲƣǾһӣ
Ҳ뵽ԻʼıУܵķһҲȺ١ȻҶԳī֣Ϊʱĳīɱɱˡ̫
ԣֳĸɴ䣬ԥγ֣
ڶΣڰѳī纣ԣ涼Щ
ȴֻȫϢ㣬ˡ
еˡ
Ϊˣ
ֻӸˣ
úе־顣
ںʥţħʥһٴһ꣬Ҳں
ֻȻṳ̂뵽澳Σȴɱ澳档浱ܵķأҲ˭ɱİ
֮£ͬľͷ˭ɱһͷ
˵һսһδ˴Ľ
ʤǿǰֻھͷ֮򣬾ʥնʥģ൱С񡭡ڴ˾ͷС
̫ˣ
˵ףҲֻЩˣҲûر¡ֻɱһ棬Ѿ֮٣϶Ҳܵشûбڶȥϴˡ
ԣȻе飬Ҳû˵µ̶ֳȡ
ο纣أ


1513 ͨ
ʱһ峤ʮĴ㣬߮纣ϣأ纣ޱ˵޴鲻С飬ȴҲԼء
Щ꣬طһֱô̫ƽ纣ϴֲս췭ظġڸȫҪôԶݣҪôǱȫ¶ˡ
ͣˣ治֪٣ټ򣬾ʣһǿߡڣѾʮС顣оǰδеˬ졣
ڣֶ˺档
һ۷εĴ㣬ӵ൱ǿǺͼǿԡһ̣Ѿ˹
СĶѣһھͿ̵
濴ŶԷſľ޿ڣǾ޿бķݣ̲סһЦھ޿ٵһ˲䣬һѹ
峤ʮĴһӾͱˣ
һҲܶı¶ޱȾֵı顣żǧﳤĺɫС㡱ſ˿ڣһھͰȥ
һ˲䣬Լ˭ˡ
쵰
ֱ̫Ҫˣ
˵ú棬Ƭ纣û֣õ
֮Ŀ߮һȦûٷֻǧĺ㣬Ưģɹ̫
֮һʮɳɫƬƮƮƵģ˺ҰΧС
һ˫۾һĨɻ֮ɫ
纣һּΪе㡣ȻǺ棬ЩԹҲࡣЩɻǣУٻƯ
ԣĵһӦȥתԼһϢ
㡭ƺҲ
ವһ£Ҫֱȥգۼ䣬ѾڼǧĺˮУһڲϵķǱš
ٺ١ЦˣһβͣһӾ׷
Ȼſڣֱӽ̵һ룬ٺݺݵһҧȥѾܵζˣ
öûгԵСأ
úܾûҸĸоˡ
꣡
˲䱻˼ٿš
ڱУ淢һ춯صŭβͷİڶԴĻζҪԷ˦
ʱ򣬾ͷĺٲ֪ԼϵˣҲİ׻ˣ
޷ľ˭ӹʶ׾ٵľͽˡܶԷ˭һѷɫ飡
Ǻӣ
Բǣ
ֻӣֱ仯ƭһ£ȴܵڻս
ȻоԼԴһʹȻһ˳һ޿ƥеǣ϶ȥ
ָоһץס㣬˳ˮˡ
̫ˣ
Ҳ̫ˣ
ӵһ·ǿưԵ˵֣û
Ƭı纣ǵ֮İôˣ
ָоĳ嶯
㵽˭濪ʼϴͨзǷӡסڵĵˣȻʼչ˷Ĺ
Ҫ㣬ͰġС㣬ΪԼ˾ͷܹ޵ˣ档ͨɵġ̫ûʲôգ㣬ȴһҲûСԣԹ־ܰɡ
һǿҵϷ֮⣬纣Ͽա
һӾͱͣʲôһ˫УҲ¶˲˼֮ɫеµ˭ˣȴȷϡ
Ϊܵģ
ֱ濴վǵӰһӾˡ
ͨˣȻ㣡ɬޱȣһŵ㣬ޱĹ֮ϡ۾һգգĿǵӰ
ȻҡȻأѵ̫϶֣Ӱڹâ֮Уʮ˵
̫ϡȻˡɬ˵̫ϵ㻯֮δһ̸
ô֪ͼûǴͷҲȹءâֵͨЦ
Ĭһ£Ȼ˵ǲһ
أԤԣͨЦ
ԤԣȻһӡרΪ˿ǰɡ˿ᵽʲôСΪΪ⡱ȥ仰ʹ޲ڳζˡ
ǣȫǰɡͨ˵Ӱӹâ߳ӸµĿź档
һȥʮ꣬ǳꡣ̸ӢеªһͷƷЩϡ裬һ˫͹ţҲǻɫġƤеڣȧǸʡǹһĨЦݣź档
ȫǣ֪ˣǸԤԣģ԰ɣʵ
ţԤģҲġͨһ̹ȻĳˡȻ˵棬̫ǲ֪顣Ҳ˵
Ҫɱôʵ
Ȼ澳㣬Ķʼȣ˼ζҴ㣬أòãͨƺ̬ȺܳϿҡ
沪Ȼŭ͵ʹһͨƬ˲䰵һɺƥĿռֱӽͨ˼ڵУǹγɵĳޱȿֲѾǺʩչǿһ
ֳ»ȥ޼
ƫƫͨ˾һ
ֻǵһС㣬˼𣿡
һ仰ѣͨʲôҲûȥɿռɿֲܽＷѹɳһֱӻΪޡ
һŭͨˣΪʲôΪʲôҪɱǣʲôô
ûʲôôֻǲˣˡͨ˵ţֱӳ֣һָں֮ϡ
һУͨһֱָӻޡ
һϾͷϢ˸е־ǣ־ľͷȻûκܹ֪¡
ͨһָɱ˺֮ԴͨѹƳһһɳ̣Ȼӽ˴ռ䡣
˵ѾѿѾʼɳܲܣĿǰ˰ɣ
˵䣬ͨһֻƣģһöɫӡ棬Ȼźĵ
ԭڻɱһ˲䣬ͨ˾ѾһиȡѹƵ档
ѾԪġͨ˵ţָһɫӣ˲û뵽纣Уںиǰ۵ռ䣬գۼ䣬ͳ嵽˳īڵֱû˳īüġ
ζ벻޾µһУȫľ⣬ȫ˳ī
ͨ˵һ˫ۣǳƽͣ·ܹһ
ź׳īķ̾Ϣһ
Ȼת뿪
ɲǼ䣬ʧӰ
·𣬴ûгֹ


1514 ҵҲҪ
īֻԼһֱֳΣоԼһ嫵統СǸУһ飬ӵͨ쳹صı죬ǿ󵽲˼ľء
ƺӰ۳ģԸ񣬶źܴ𡣲棬īֱǸĶ˵Ůӣꡣ
˼ǧ꣬һ¶꣬һ·ɳɷʹƷԴгɣҲΪһӵͨ쳹رǿߡ
һ죬е磬ͻȻˡķѣ˶ȴΣյĵطΪŮˣ
ϧǣվûпһȥѰңǸƴѰټѰšһΪݡݳ䡣Уƺݳ˺ܶ顣ĳʵ̫ģǲ
һУȫһСֱֻ̤ء
ꡭ
īһ˫ۣȻһ˫У˸
ǡ纣ףīüͷ־磬ѹһɲǣ֪ȫǰ
ܣڰ䣬ȷ纣ס
ͻ¯汣īһӾˣûıڸѲ
ǧɵսȻϣ߱ؿڡ
š
ǸΣô£
īüͷŬǸģξȻ־磬Ȼ׷Ѱξеĳ
ֻģļǵãξУԼ꣬Ӧһ¡
ΡĪҵǰɣѵ˵ǰѾˣīţ¶һĨЦ⡣
ǰΣమҲѾ㹻ˡ
󣬳īתķָһơ
֮ǰһԱ߲Զͬһɽب纣׵Ǹָ
ӲơīĬĬһ֣ûٶ˵ʲôҪģ˵ġ
ųīתķͻȻޱȾȵķ֣ԼеˡȻѾ߰˰ˣ
ܿ죬֪һеԭս£
ǧĵǳޱ棬ɵս£ȻסӲƱɱһˣȻ䵽纣ףʵȴûܵĴˡ󲿷͸ͻ¯ɱѾս¸סˡ
īЩп漴ʼԼĸ̨ȫ˵һ漣ˡһͷȫһˣһûܵĴˡ
סԣīͻȻüͷԼûܵصĵˣûһƽˣ
ô£īʼҲе൱ľȡݣīϣ¶ޱ顣ΪȻ澳ĵ
ôܣīЩˡ
˵Ǻ£ĺ£Ϊ̫ˣ˸оޱȵĲʵ
һƧˣһͶǴ⡣ͻȻһ죬һɽ䵽ǰ
ֱ̫ˣʵ
ʲôģ󣬳īڷ֣һȫµĴƾճԼʶСȥݣӦֵΪֵʵ̫¡̫߼ˣ
澳ĵ
īȫϣʼƴ
У˸𲻶Ĺâ
棡
Ȼ֪ôģ̳˺ȫĵУ
ûκιںļ䣬ҲûκӵĶΨĴѾ뵽ʶСīĵ
Ҳ˵īǰͿԺκ͵ġ̤뵽澳УΪһľͷ
ĺôɲǳīҪĶ
ҵĵӦԼĵʲôô£
īʮֺеĸе˼ֽꡣ飬̫ˡ
챻Ӳһ纣棬ӦøʥţħʥսһУôܵ
ˣƽ޹ʵĵõĺô϶˷ܵ÷񣬵īȴֿ־嵽ĸо
Ϊˣڱһֻƿأ
Уī˵ţֱϥ纣ףʼ˹׼ţĵȥ
ҵĶҲҪ
ʱУһûҪ
Ǽ
ô£ʲôΪʲôҵϣͻȻ˺ȫУīʵ
Ҳ֪˭ģⲢǻ¡仰˵ǻ£Ҳ޷ܡ˵֪һ澳ʿȫ뵽嵱еˣԼ룬ʲôĴڣ
̫ϣīĬһ£ʵ
̫ϣ٣Ⱥܶ澳Ҫǿܶࡣ˵ޱȾûκʡȻںˣǾĶˡûҪҪȥ
ī˵վҵĵҲҪܰ𣿡
Ĭһᣬ˵ԣӦúѡ
ʱ߱Ȼһ
ƺЩ⣺ҲⲻǺ£Ҫæðɡûİæ治ɡ
һӣڳīǰʮѪµеնն֮󣬶ųīʩȻ̧һУ߱еУһº͵ĵնȥһֵУôǿĵ˵һ޴ʧҲһ൱ʹĹ̡ȷҪ
īһᶨĵͷ
ã˲ҪնİӣҲûм˵ʲôпʼһιϵɣȥء
īȴʲôûио
ʱ򣬲棬ʣµľſѪ£ŵâնе߱ȥ

䣡
۵һ̶ȵʱնˡ
̧־һ߱죬ֱնīͷ­
˵ģһһʿ;
Ϊһȥʵ̫ˣ
նļƣ·ҪѳīһƵġ
īһû
Ų߱죡
ΣǳԽһеġ
ˣ
һնīͷ˲䣬īʶУںĵȻѣʵ
һֵһִһִﵽ涥Ĵ
ȴҪնȥȻǲʵģȻҪģ
ֳóīľʶУ˲ӿһɿֲķ籩ɲǼ䣬ī걻ѹĸоʹ࣬޷
֮һ򱶡
̫ˣīûоĥֱӻȥˡƫƫģʶеķ籩ޱȵѣȥһּȵ
ܣ
Ȼоֻһ˲䣬Գī˵ȴǹһһ
ͷ˲ͰˡϵбڣȻٴαס
һΣûб
նȥһֵûκδۡīͷѩεİףĵ˵¡ʲôʱܹ̤澳ʲôʱ
ۣ
īһѪȻ˵һš
ĵն䡣
˲ϢɢƬ纣סһ׮Եȫ纣е飡
˺ܾãīϣ¶һĨĵЦݡ
նʩ񣺡лл


1515 纣
նҲվﾲųīã΢ЦſųīóϷĹʩ񣺡лл㣬ҵˣ
īе㷢µĿնΪʲôķӦ
ն˵ܹǵĸ״ˣڲͬϸ˼һ£Խ߾磬ԽҪԼĵԼģȷͲԼġ
īˣЩ˼ЦЦͬҵ뷨Һܿġ
ȷĵȻҪͬնٴγųīʩȻһصȥ
ܹͬīȻģֱնȥʹζȻ¡ҲڡһΣīȻѡ
˵Щ飬춨һ㡣īְǺͼ֣ΪԼȥһ޴ֶȻڲܸоʲôδȴž޴Ӱ졣
һ֮󣬳īĿͶһ޴ָ룬ͷָʼ
纣ףͷʶ޷ĵط飬ʵʺϲˡ
īµʱƣиָݺͼ㣬׼ֱָһ
̬ѾڳīԺСС糤ѣӨɢĪܡȻֻǳīģ̬ôҪĽ
һ˳ĻԾͷָᱻīһĴʥ
⣬ҲǳīԶ֣Ƴɵĵһʥ
⽫һḶ́˳Ļһܹɣǿġ
׼ʹȥӼҵˣ
ȴ֪ӼѾһƬսСŭ𣬼ȫбӼϡ
һսֱչ
üжǣǱߣɳǿʿӼչ
һĴսнսп̶ȣҪ֮ǰǼսǿҺܶࡣ
̫䣬Ĵۡ
ҲԽԽ࣬󣬼˻ͻ֮еһ
ī飬ֻһӡԭ˫ȲԶսһ̡ҪһЩ飬Զս֮ǰ;
Ӳƻ̲סˣҵ˸˫ȻûֳգȴӲư˸ա
ӲƵİˣҲζӼӪܡ
սϣӼΪף֮ľűɱɾ
գӼұСһ𱻴еģв
ⳡսӰ죬Ѿֹˡ꣬ӼҲָ
Ի˵ʧȻܴ˺ܶˡȡõսͬҲ൱ġ
ֻǶԼͳӵƷ硢ħŮЩ˵ѾûˣԣȻⳡսȡʤǵУȻһӰ
ǱߣûӼȰ棬ȻһУǰ纣Ѿ粻ˡ
뵽ҵ˺ЩˣҪͨȰ˵ꡣɺǣҲͬ޲ߡҲҲˡϵ
󣬾ī纣˸֮󣬻ӼҵսҲ׽źܶˣֻص纣ѾҵīϣˡֻԼĶϱһȥ
ϧǣǿʿ纣Ѱ˺ܶ죬ȻûܷټǸ纣һЩǿ˼ܡ
գֻεĴȥ
û֪ͳеֱʹ֮飬Ҫ纣ȥѰԼĶӡ
˭֪ô֮⣬ûκ塣
ԣȥ֮󣬼ͳˣֱȫ˱չ״̬
Զսȥ롣ֻгһգ嵽澳ȻΣҲҪȥѳī
粻꣬Ҳû뵽纣״߳īʧء
īȴ纣ףҹͷָҪɴʥ
ôʱ꣬ںηأ
纣
纣ޱǿ鲻֮ǰǿĪں纣ںͺһ塣ȫˡ
ԣ纣Уԭ纣ѹһţ̧ͷĻˡ
ǽ纣ڡ
һţ
ʵҲǿֻûкôǿѡ
纣Ҳһϵţǳء˵ǵϣҲͷڽ纣ڵ棬ҲмصġѾʮ־Զ֮ǰˡ
Ľ纣ڣһʮ֧ÿһ֧һǿƥĴʥ
ǵܲ纣һصĵ֮ϣƬ죬纣飬ҲġΪһС硣
ܲʥ
ʥȫǴʥ۵ʿ
ںƬʱ纣ޱȵ͵Ӳ
Ȼ֪ǵĴڣҲǣ˫ల¡ķ֧ʮµЩ纣ڵӣż纣ڵӷһЩСĦҲ˴š
񣬺ʧ纣ڱУһ弸ȫ
纣ڣӭ˳ͷ֮ա
գ纣ӭһʢϲ£
ǵʥ֮һɴʥ֮޵УҪȢˣ
λһǧ̤˴ʥ콾ȥһֱУŮɫȫûаȤĻ£Ҳý纣ڵʥġ
纣ʥֱɡºѩˡֳǶãѩá˵УΨȢףȴֻ޵һӡºѩһδȢס
ҲһĹ塣޾֮ǰ纣纣ڡ˸
һֱ죬֪˶ٴ纣ڳƬǿ޵еĻ£ٶȱճ̡
˵ǣһֱŮɫ޵Уˡ
Ϣ纣˵һĺ£ԣһ纣ڣʮȫ
ʮĵҲЩĴʥÿһ൱ڽ纣ڵĳݡڵõڽϢ֮󣬾ͿʼæµѰ͸»ĺ
纣ڵܲصСڣһƬϢš
޵д˿̣һòѵŮ졣޵еϣϲɫ˵ľ񶼳һϲõϢ
޵еòӢȥҲʮңüĿһͷڷţͷƶɵĽڡڣһʥһɫĳۣǱã൱š
Ůӣɫ䣬üʵ̫ˡһޱ飬ҲϢϣûһϢȥһ׷һ
ã⼸ʮ˾ͻ½ǵĻ񡣵ʱ򣬻ܸһӣҪ޵СĿǰŮӡϲŮˣԴӿһۣݽȥˡ޷԰ΡԣһĴʥŮǰȴԵúСģǾ仰ԣͻ˼ˡ


1516 
Ů̧ͷĿһ޵У˵˵ģ򵥣˵Ҳӡ
ã˵ǺοࣿңҶһƬģɼ޵ЩΣɫŮӣ˼ûС
ùãѾǵŮòǲŻȫһһġڳǰȻҪѷɫ֡
ĵһΣ޵о̲ס˵ŮֻӦУ
һƬģŮ¶һ˿мЦ¶һĨڽһƬģǰ˵ΪӡȻǿȢؼȥ
ҡҡ޵Щ£ȷġΪŮ˵һۣͰˣзģȢ
Ů̫ˣʵ̫ˣ
̫Ұ
˵纣ڱ纣Ѿѹˡϵ£رƢرǿƵ֡
޵ȻĴʥЩҲûʲô¡˵ˡǵһ
Ů˵ʱƺѰʲô纣Ͽǻ
ʱһͷʥ纣飬ںĶƺ׼ֵļơ
޵ǻǸʥ纣飬ȻǰڨŮӸͲתߡķˣɴֱӳˡ
һ֣ǰ޵иŹǺ
һʥ˾۷ʿһսȴޱȵǿᣬʥƵæҡˡ
òͬʱʥȻͨŮӲѹסӡһΪ˽纣ڡ
ԭ޵е˼Ů֮ദһʱ䡣
ܻҵ⡣
ʱ˵Ļ
û뵽ǣֱ֮Աǣ˵ֱƨͨŮˣֻҪ˯ˣˣôʱ̸ʲô飿ھͶº󣡡
󵱼ҵһ仰ֱӰ¸ˡ
޵еʱҲûر𷴿Ϊ棬ĺȢŮΪޡ
ºѩֱԳƳŮӡ˶е㲻̫޳׮£ΪѾҲûйȥԤ
飬ʵƬ纣ϣĲʲôˡ
纣ֳΪ纣ǿ͸ʲôˡ
ʥ콾ҪȢһô
Ŀ޵УҲǽѡܹӦīӦþ⸽
ָӦϵ¶һ޶
ΪΨһģ
ԣǳīôָӦܹӦīĴλãܸӦīڻţ
ֻû뵽ôһ飬ԼȻ纣ıҪˡ
޵п꣬ĵȰã£ѳɶˡȻԹҹҷҡҶȴĵϲģǻһõģ
޵УǿѵΪôҲһʥΪʲôŮҲΪηҪҿƣ꿴޵УһˣĲʺϡ
Ѿ纣ǿﲻʺϣҪʲôԴҶУʥ˾磬ͷһǧ̤ʥ޵Щ˵
Ҳϡ국Ҷû
˵öԣ塭Ҳû߽һ꣬޵߰˷ֵ֮һ˫ۣȴҪ޵ܶࡣ
ˣǽ纣ڵɡ꣬˵纣Ȼ壬ҲܲԣСͰĵҵϱɣ
꿴һɣʥ۷Ĵʿսβ̫˵˵ĸоƺȱִڲܶࡣĮȻ˵СҲСѾ˸
ʲô޵жʱɫ԰ףֶЩ
ɿԼĶӣü˵걻ѹƣȻԶȻŴʥΪľȴ
µ˵ʲôϵĹ䣬Ӧ궼Ǿ콾ˡ˭ЩȽڣͷ޸ҶӣҵĶϱ
˵ţϻɢһ˿ʿƣȥѹ꣬Ҳһѹ
ȴɫ˵ȻѾؼô꣬αΪһŮֵüɹЩԷлڸĵĻᣬЩһˣͲлڸĵĻᡣ
㡭вңһЦĿ꣺Сķ˭壬Ҳ£ԣһСϷɡ
治£˵
üɫһ漴Ц˵˲¾ǲ¡Σǻܵ纣ˣĴսǾͷǡȻĻһͷͿûԶʧ
ţ˵öԡȻ˵
΢΢һꡣ
˵纣ڣȴûоͷ
Ц纣һֱһͷ纣Ҳúúõġ
ʵʵˣ˼ҡ
ߣɱûˣɴһһ˦ӣﳤȥ
ߺ޵пЦſ굽ã˵ǺαأҸײˣʲôô
ˣʲôô꿴һ޵У˹еķӡΨһܹϵģǿΨһˣ
ģ̣ǾͷҲû취ӡ
ںܶǰһԼСʥķӡ̫ǿƾµǵ޷ƷӡȴûзһֱŬ
ãĻҲ˵ˣ㰲ʮˣѾ½ǵ»顣ΪҲҪȥдǡȻ˼һ˵òܵġãһͷ˵޵г¶һº͵ЦݣȻתȥˡ
һգа磬㵽أôңǺбһֱŲ
ȴ˵īӽһƣҪ깤ˣ
ʱ䵱УҲ˾޴Ľ
ͬʱڲϵĴͷָĹУīԾͷһЩҲԼ⡣ĵУҲڲϵļСīľ磬Ѿ̤˴ʥ۷塣
ٶȵģ淶Χ֮ڣҲֻһˡ
ֻӣī뵽꣬һֶصĸӦЩ겻κ⣬ҲǸܶһΪսС
뵽⣬īĺȻһ¡ԼĲԴԺδˣ

ǸطǸͨģ
ôʲôϢӦúܿͻᴫС
ԼͷӲƴ纣Ϣס
֪Լ£ӣʮа˾ţֱ뿪纣ѰԼɣ
ˮǣȫƽͣȴ൱ǿȺŮ˷̫ǿԡ
뵽ֿܣīЩסˡ


1517 
żɵָһӿ˴ٶȣ
ī걻纣ڣˮˣ뿪֮󲻾ãҲȻ뿪
ʥ˾磬ȴڽ֮һ·š纣˹
񣬽һʱ䣬ҲӲǱȺŮҵ纣
ֻãã򣬸ͷǿ˵һĨڡ
֮⣬кܾòټħҲ纣
Ⱥī׵ˣԼķʽѰųīȺˣȫǵ֤ī̫漣ˣԣǸųī
ֻ纣ط̫ˣҲ̫Σˡ
Σճ̶ȣҪй֮޲
϶ŴļƷҩиַ纣ڲмֹϵȺ˾纣ȴһֱûرв
¡ˮ塢̼ŮƮŮ۵Ĵ֮£纣Ѱ˲ٵĻԵ
ĸħˡ
Ƕǣħһ磬Ȼ嵽˴ʥ
ħƮŮ۳Ա˴ȴϤϧ纣ϣݺ޼ɡ
һʱ֮󣬾ȻȺˣҵ˽纣ʮеһ
ȺˣҲ⵱дġ
Ⲩӿ纣УȻôĵط
ʥҲһÿ֮ˡȺߣʮֿĽӴһˡ
Ϊʥԭ֡˵ʥйʥȻˣΪ˼ʥͽΪʥ
ʥĵΪ㣬һʮŵˡɢϢˬϲѡ
ܿ͸ħƮŮ۳Ϊѡ
ͬľ磬кܶ๲ͬĻ⡣
ʶ֮󣬺;ħȺˣȥ纣ڵܲ档
ħ֣ЩǵϲˡΪǣҿѾǰˡãһȥţǿأҲһܿĵģЦ˵
ħ໥һۣȻħһ£ͷ᲻Щð
᲻ᣡЦұʿǵѣԵǣҲϲύѡλһһŮӣλһܿĵģ
棬ʵҲе˽ĵġ纣ʿȻ١ܹž޵ľ̫ˣȺһǴµ֡ܰڽ纣ڣô纣˵Ҳһĺ£
ԼҲΪųǴϲһӿĵġ
ħƮŮǣȻҲԼĴ㡣纣̫ˣǶһ飬ͷӬƵѰңһǧҲҲī䡣
н纣ڰæǾͲһˣ
纣һһӲǿϳ˵ҵ
Ǻ˫һļϡܿȺ·ˣŽ纣ڵܲȥ
ס
īָļڽ뵽ͷ
ģ
ҪԼĵ̵ָȥˣɹˡ⣬ȴؼһ衣
Ϊһʥʿȥһͷָͷû
ҪԼĵӡָϣѶȿ֪
纣ףīҲܵһޱߵѹҪԼĵӡȥһ˲䣬һӰָͻȻ
һŮӣòУȴߺޣųīСӣҪ׸ͷϣԼ·𣿡
īŮӣӲƣ
ŮӲûлشֻһϵĿųīУмĿ⣬ڿһֻϡ
īʱе㲻ˬЦţʲô㲻ҴһͷնһԼ·ôǺ·
ңһ׮ŮӶŵ
īЦүܵȥˣϼ
˵ţֱӳ֣һŮȻ޾ŮӣҲָϵһھͷӲƵԹɣԳī˵ɰвӰī
Щī飬ʵ̫ˣŮӵвϣ
նԹ֮󣬳īֱӳ֡ʼѾһѳ̵ָԼĵ
¡
ʥɣ٣
纣ףҲܱ⡣
ֶԳī˵ûʲôвִʥ٣Сһ
ԼĵԳī˵һ൱顣
º󣬳īڽһ˿Կ档
ˣ
һɾ޴Ĳ˲䱬
ֱӳմƬ纣
һȫµĴʥһƣڳɹˣ
īϣҲ¶ĵЦݡ
ƬâԼ֣ĺףƺһʲô֮ǰδ⵽纣ףʶҲûʲôáδ֡ڿǶ·һ
óīУʱǿҵȤ
ϣָ߼ķкܶ࣬Ķȴ
īѾ֪ʿıֻҪʥˮ׼ʵѾޱǿˡҪʲôʹá
˵ӣıǸʥƵĽ𹿰Ҳһʥȴӣͷòֺ
ǸƷʥѾ˱֮
ԣн磬Ǹ߼׵ãһֵı
ѵ˵纣ףԼܼһǿıɣ
īţֱӳǸطȥ
˵ī⼸Ҳʵ̬棬ͷû취纣ж硣
ܿ죬īǰһϣȻ֣ǧľ޴УȻһꪣ
ڱеβīһǡУʱˣ
棡
УȻǺʥƳİ˴ʥ֮һĺ棡
ں棬ʵ֪䡣ֻ֪ʥƳɹʥ֮󣬷ָԼһЩֵܡ
𹿰ںʥ桭纣꣬ƺʥ纣ѵīһ˫У¶貵ľ⡣
֣޴ƥı档Ȼ󣬽ĵС
ˣ
棬˲䱬ĿĹԡ
ڱĺףһ̫ͷųǿĵ֮⣬īĵһӸ˻
ǻģ
īһͬСɡ
޾¹ȥ沢ûȥֻ˳˯ţ
ȻţôˡǲҲ
뵽ֿܣīһģʱ
ԺʥΪ׵ߴʥǼӪеʿҪܶһʥôԼߵսֿǿܶࣿ
īţ漴ʼĴѰ
ط޷ʶûϵ۾Ǻܹõġ
ʱ˿̣纣ڣŵƽʣ졣
·
纣ڵ޵дӣˣ


1518 Ҳճ
纣ڵĿˣԶֹ纣ڲд纣ǿ顣ȻڻûȷϢ֤ѾˣԴǳս֮ôʱһֱû¶棬ʵѾ˵ܶˡ
纣Ѿײˣʣһ񶼹ͦҵġһЩӵ纣飬ѾʼǷ𹥻ˡǳ֮ΣǱѩޣ
纣ǿʢʱ̫ˣҲûˣȻⲻҪԵ˵ı
۽纣ڣ纣ǿҲˡһӾ纣Ǻøжȱ
纣飬纣еǿ飬ҲҪϺġ
ԣ纣ʱ䣬ɴ೹״ɽţӭ·ǰ纣ƺҲûôֹ
Ϊ˵ɡºѩãȻȫЦ˻
ΨһЩͷ۵ģҲֻⳡһǳˡ
һʼڣʹûЭȻûԵļҿӡΪҲȴҲûиκκɫ
ɵ˼ԼĶӴһʼӦðŮ˸˯ˣ
ֻҪŮˣô
޵ȴһֱţҪڴ֮ҹŻôΪǸܿشͳˡͬʱҲϣڴ죬ֳʲôӡĲһҪôŮ˿϶һӡ
ƯŮڸױ硣ԭ;ɫ˵꣬ôһ磬޵޷ĵز
žԼ궼Щȣ벻ԼôУȴǳˡѾȫ׼
еǹӡǲˣȴɱԼ
ӣԳīĸ֪ܹӦīҲѰ
ģⱲӣŮˣ˰óף򲻿ܵġԣҪңҾֻ־ϣܼʱϹҴߡޱһǣɼսսŮš
ħһˣźһ֮󣬾ܵʢ˵ӵ֮ħ˶Щɻ
飿ˮһоԾų壺֣Ͳһ֡
飿һһֵľ׽ţüôоһ֡
᲻ǡƮŮ۶ӡҲãϲִŵŮӡ
Ⱥ˶̫һ˿ϣжϳһЩ
ˮ˵纣˵ħǰôʱ䣬ӦһѶò
ħĬһ£Ȼ˵һ°ɣء
˵ͷ
󣬺һϲɫĵħλѣλҽλ飬˵һ£λʾӭһ˰֮ҴǣȥҪԻӭң
ħЦŹ֣ˡ
ƮŮҲ˵ͷ
ЦŰ֣Ӧõġ߰ɣھʹŴңȥ񣡽ʵ̫ˡȥˣ⵺ûطˣ
жƣûбֳź㣬Ŵλȥ
ܿ죬纣ڵȥ֮ȻѾɽ˺Уˣһ·ǰȥ·ϲʱ˹кҲһһ
ǰ
ʱ򣬴Ӵͷ棬߳һ˹ɫŮӡ
Ůһ൱ǿ󣬸߹ֵšվڴ߳ȴͱˡ
¸Сħ˽ܡ
źħסƮŮۣ۾һ¶һ˿΢Ц
½Ŀƿ˵ʱϾ͵ڣȰһɣ
ħȺ˶ʱһŵĿǱߡ㻹Ϊڴ˳Ц˵ҲܽŰ˵ֲҴ飿ҽŸʲô
ħǿЦЦȻĿת
Ӵ߳棬߳źµŮÿһ൱ޡһߣһʩչͨ߳ƽ̨ϣʱʻ
ȺŮȻȫ𾳽ʿ
ǵ֮ͨ£ĸ̨ϣʱۼͬ˼ɾһ㡣
ܶ˶۾ֱһЩŮʿ̲ס૵ǼˣҲҪĳ
ʱŵһһŮĴ米߳
ٷ磬Ů޾ס
˶סˣɵɵĿŴ̨ǸŮӡܳʿûûҲûм޵Ůӣ
һʱ䣬޴֮ڣ˵ֳѻȸ
Ůӵһ˲䣬ħȺˣȫ״סˣ
ˮҪгȴƮŮ۴ֱѹסҪȿ
ƣʵѾΣյԸӵĵز
ʲôط
ǽ纣ڵϳ
Ķʲôˣ
纣ڵи֣ʮи֣纣ڵô纣ǿ飡
޴ĵõУǴʥϢϰٵ
ⲻ׻ƴ򣬸ǵƮ칬
һ
ط壬Թ
Ⱥ˲żħʥڣƮŮ۴ʥڣʥ˾ڣˮ塢⼸ˣ׼ʥۣ
ʥ˶ǣ
ʥˣǧˣ
أ
ж٣
ƾ⼸ˣҪ꣬ǳ˵Σ
ˮεȴϻ۵һŮˣ塢¡Щˣһ
ԣֻôһ˲Ǿͻָ
˿ҲǱӵˣûκεĹעʵϣ˵ķӦҲǼࡣ
ôˡ
ʱЦôǵɣ
޴ĵõУʱһʿˮ
޵еϣޱȻЦݣ۽ɨһ׵꣬ĵҵˣ⽫ҹһŮˣӴǾͽ˫˫ɣ
ʱ꿪ˣûп̨µħһ˫ۣҲûпκˣһϣǳ־
л˵
ĸ֣ޱȣĺɢ
ڳЩˣûΪ͵ģģ𾳽ʿĸ֪ǿһӾ͸оӡƺе㣬Ծ
޵еɫ˲һ䡣
µɫҲˣꡣ
˵𣿡˵Ȼһ£˵ھͿóԣ̽סҡǵУֻҪһͷҾͻȥ
ֳˣȫסˣҲȫɵˡĿŴߴ޵Ůӡ
޵һѿá㡭ǣ
Ҳճһƽ˵
´ʱѾˣվǣ޵ϣüͷĵ飬Ƿˣ
СѾͷĺѸ㣬֪ӡ˵ǳ׷ӡ
Ƕû뵽СѾͷȻɱ
ǰһ谡


1519 
֪£Ѿ޷ˡԽ纣˵һ޴ĳšô˵ⳡ϶ǼȥˡھͿضˡ
룬ꡣɷϡ˵ţһ޵к£Ȼϥʩ
µ͵ųһâľٶƺ˵Ҳû볹װŪʰĵزӦáأ
Բ޵йӣҲܼ޸㣬зġ棬ԸԲ𣬵ûа취ǼǿңһȥһƽʱȻ俴һ̨£һӿħЩˡĿУһĨ֮ɫû뵽ﾹȻܹǡ
ܿ죬ͽԼĿƿ˵ԶЩǣԲˣһᣬϣǲҪ֡ʵ
޵ͻȻ䷢һŭ𣬴ĻУ¶֮ɫֻ޵еŮˣҲҪȢ㣬Ҹһ
국ȻһЦһЦǣ޾£
ЦݣȴǸ޵еģ̇ͷ񷶥磬Բ𣬻ûҵ㡣ȥһ
꣬īܿˣ㲻ˮͻȻ䷢һϺȡ
һѻȸ
ˣȫˮǱߡ
ɵˣĿɿڴĿˮȻֿһħǣζû뵽ԼȺͣȻʶȻʮֲ˼飬ʱ˿̣ҲֻһԿš
ˮҲѾ׻ȥˣʥˡʥע£һԾϴߴ嵽ǰ֡
Ум纣ڵǰȴסˡ
꣬ôôɵˣ纣ȫøᣡˮ̨֮ȫûκι˼ɣ۾ֱ˵˵
ǳţűһƬȻ
һͳŭȣ𣺡ôĿ
ţһߴӰ˳
ɣ
纣
̲סӺˡ
¶棬ôĳţѾе޵ݡȴû뵽ͻȻð׼ʥСȻ˴Բѡ
ʲô纣ڶҪ᣿Ǻô
һ˫ۣˮϣһȴǱˮòҲһ¡벻ϾȻиϱյͬŮӡ
ʱ򣬴еЩˣҲѾע⵽ˮò޵ͬʱǸע⵽ˮ˵Ǹ֡
ī
ĸī
˵ī֣纣˵ʮİ
纣Ȼش򣬵ȴһĵط纣ʿнġҲٻȥע顣
ⲢǾͱ̶ֳȡǶһ֪
֮ǰ纣ǳսǻǺġ
īЩĸ־ޱ֣ʵ纣Ҳжš纣ⳡսīȻͷһ纣ͬһ¾ͷһָ
սɲ˭ģ
Ȼһ˵ľͷ纣ڣҲ˸ǡ
ʱƺҲ뵽˳ī֣üͷĸˣһĮȻ˵īǸ֪ߵغˣҸͷԿ𣿡
ϵǳǿȻûпȥѹ˭ֻ׼ʥ۷徳ˮǸֲֿܵѹȻɫ䣬˵û
ûʲôЦͷһ纣ûʥˣʥ𣿡޵ͻȻЩһЦ˵
ûִ޵վԼҵĴϣЩ۾ˣ꣺ԡ
ʲôһƽ͸һУѹһУȻ޴ĵãȻ󣬴棬߽һӰ
һ˲䣬վ̨ϵˢһ¡
ˮϣҲ¶˼ɫ
̨µħƮŮۡ¡̼ˣҲȫסˣ̶¶ϲ֮ɫ
īˣ
棬˵Ŀ⣬ȫʶĳŴſڿȥָĿ⣬ڴ߽Ǹϡ
괩һ£׷٣ڼϣüĿȥΪʡһͷЩİ׷ɫҲ΢΢ֳһ㲡̬Ĳ԰ףȴƾ
кܶ纣Ů޿ֱ۾Ǵû˵ӡһĶ̲ס
֮ϣɵһ˫У˸ΣյĹâú俴ǸŲ߽ͥ꣬ɢΣյϢͬʱˮϡ
ֻҪ춯аһ˲佫Ůɱ
㣬ͲīӴſ߽ǰȺȻȻķֿһ·
ʶģȵԼֵʱǸ׷Ѿ߹ȥˡЩһȫеЩȻΪǵУдʥʿģ
ͬΪʥ磬ȴƺ׷һ㡭׷꣬һʥʿһľͷ
̨ϵ޵п׷꣬ͻȻʶ˶Էݣ̲סһŭ𣬳ųīֱӾһ
Աһֱ޵е˲ֱ֣ȥ޵һ
İУһƵ졣
ʥһ൱ֲз󻤳֣һĲͻﳹ̮
޵һŭĿԼĹùãΪʲôҪң
Ѿˮߵ̨·ĳīʼգһĶûȥȻЩʥҲѡԼĻǵ˵İΧСһʥĳ֣ĺīݡ
̾һûлشԼֶӡȻһɣ磬ⳡ־磬Ҫȥ𣿡
ɿһ£Ȼע̨µĳīü䣬һĨɷīҪ纣Ϊˣ
˵⻰ЩЦīһ˳̨ף̨ȥ·ħߵʱ򣬳īԼʦ΢Цһ¡
Ƿеļƣֱˡ
ûƣҲûɢκεɱƫƫģÿǰһڳˣýϢŨһݡһЩ͵ģִĸо
վס޵ŭһȻûмԳī֣ǼƣʱܻᱬŴ治ĳīȻӸ£ȴҪ˵ĸоָо޵Щץ
īû˵Ҳûվסһͷĸ̨Ȼܸߣųīͣߣį̄ҲԽԽˡ
īͣ£ȻҾɱڱסˣ׷ѹʵ̫ˣ
һüӣ룬Щᡣ
īЦЦҲǸᣬƺôء


1520 纣ڵͷ
ۿųīаǰֻ˵īһĶ콾Ȼʱ䲢ãȴӵкܶԻ͵սǰսӼҸӣϷսսϵı֣ƾޡԾͷһȻնͷһָ纣סܻŹʲôķʵԿƶ
ˣգ͵µĽ纣˵ʲôȥġ
βһ
纣ڰô꣬ǰͷˣ纣ڱУһ弸˴Ҳ֪ˡ
纣ǿĪڽ纣ڡ
ⳡ£Ҳ纣纣һźţ
ûһˮ
ֱһѪ²ĸоû
һˣô纣ڣԶ纣Ķ
ºˣ纣ˣһҲˡ纣ڣҲȻһɣ
һԶӲһ
Щ纣ı飬Щǰ纣ǿǿƽصֻ̾Ϣû·ˣ
ҲãѩҲããȻվŮˡ
ԡ
ϵƣȻ޽ӽͷǿ˲䱬
ⳡֱڳļˣ
纣ڲЩʿǻǵһΣױȫơ
ǿ
̫ǿˣ
ԭǵȻһ˿ֲĸ֣
纣ڵȫüĸо
Щǰ纣ǿ飬Ҳϵ𺳵ˡȫֻ˼ϵı飬
Ҳף纣һֱܳΪ纣ڶţûɵġ
͵Ĳ
ϵĳѹȫʱĿīޱȵͳһһٵĵô룬Σīǽ纣ڣȻǻݣҲݲҰʶģȥôҶÿ
ȻأǾİռҵλӣī¶һĨЦ
Դӿīһ̣㳹ƽΪīȻŻˣѾܴ뿪ֻ۳īһͷ׷֪ôŪġĿҲһֱû뿪ī۾ͻȻī˵λӣ۾ȻһĻ档
֤һ̣Уޱƽûһ˿˿ʵ෴һˮЩ֡
ˮסˣīôꡣȻųī֮ĸ飬ʵѾˡȥκϣܶʱԼīһˡ
ȻָоδԱ
޷˵ĸڳīߣԹ޻ڵֻִҲôĸ飬Ѿϰˡ
ԣī˵仰ʱˮôϻŮӣһʱ侹ȻЩûӦֱս֣һӻعȻСĵĿһꡣûܴп㼵ʣֻϲˮˮһӾȥī۾仰ֻǿЦ
̨µħˣЩпڳЩˣƮŮ֮⣬ˣԳīˮ֮飬ĺܡ
ֻǸʵԸ棬˿ŸżȴΪЩīĲԽԽٶҲԽԽ죬󣬸ɴû˹עĸˡ
ԣԳīı̬¡̵Уȫһů⡣
оĺܺá
˸оã
纣ڵˣоá
ǸоԼǿˣ
ǵ̣һͬȼľɫˣǵ棬׷üȥ˴˼Ũ⣬ֱŰȺ˵ģ
оõģ޵У˶ˡ챻ˣ
ԼʱضпܻǿԼϲŮˣһŮ˵֣Ǹ׷۲ˮʱ޵иоԼҪˡ
ɴǳ޵֮⣬оѿһ
ӣ
ŮˣȻӣ
оͷҲûа취ڵϵȱʧ
纣ڣϰͷѹȵӣҪѧǿưԵ磬治һѧġ
ⳡ棬¶ЩȥˡȻ˽Լֳ˼ʲôǣҲҪѡö󰡣
ֱѡ׷Ϊ󣬽纣ڡܻܿһ
ϸ纣ںͺһ嵽ôϵľˣ
ĴеģҪľôΪʲôڳī֮ǰô궼ûг׷ֳʤ
µ͵һ˵ҪԼֳ
ɾʱɶԳīˣ
޽ӽͷľ򣬳ųīȻ˹ȥ
ϢȴɱΣ
ֹտֲ޷֪Ψе˲ա
ī̾һǰվѧ˵ֶΡαأ
˵䣬֮ĳʱֱסˡ˿һվī˵һЩΪһʿûвκ쳣
Ψеʥ˾ģ̨ܲϵĳ⡣
ҲΨе˴ʥģɺͳī֮սڳĺܶʥ̲ܿס̾Ϣһ֪ɻܣ϶ʤ
Ϊ£īɵ˵
һͷ漴ӿͷ׷ľжǿ
ֻһ߾̤ͷĴܣ硭Ҳ̫˼˰ɣ
ɵɫǵͨ죬ľѹһ򣡿ݻǧ޾Ĵ磡ȴû취ǰ׷ɰ˺
𣿡īɣʵ
㡭ֻ˵һ֣̲סһѪ
һǵĿԼֳ߹ȥס磬ǵѵ𣿡
ɵ΢΢һ૵иսҲϣżӵܣ纣ҵ⴦֮أ½纣ڡѵ
ǰķ׷ţʲôϵأ
ɵϣ¶һĨЦԼãǲͺң˵䣬ˣ˲ǲ˺ܶ౶Ȼųīʩ񣺡Բˣӣһжǡ
Ǳߵ޵УڳױˡԼĸף׷ǰͷ׷ϣǿߵĽˣ
н磬صʵŮīֻһʥʿֻվ̨ϴʴ纣һͷ򣬳īҷ
޵ˣ׷ˣһ£ֱһī
һأ
һƬǺӣ
Ĵʥ


1521 ʥ
Ҫºͬʱһ
Ҳͬʱ֣Ҫ޵һ
һ̫ˣ
һ޷סĹ
һɿ񱩵Ϣ
̨ϵЩ׵壬ӡΪֻʥˮ˲᧿Σ
ֱӼһˮסŮ˵˼ϸ壬֪һŮ˳һ˿һ⣬ô죬纣ڡҪˣ
ǰ׷ǿԶԶǵ
īٶȣ¸졣
ֱӼ¯ˮסͬʱֱּӽ̨ס
޵˿ֲһһɲ𺳵֮⣬ȻްϢй¶ȥ
īʩչԣ̨ʱͿռֱתױȵĴֱȫ
̨֮ϣʱ̡
һУǱ̶
ȻºɣҲѶһ£
е𾪣ͬκˡףھͷһ֮²նͷһָˣ治ܿġ
̨´еˣʲôΪ̨ͷųˡ
纣ڵˣ˲ͽħ˸Χȴûж֡
ħƮŮ۵ˣɫģȵվǡ
һΪѺͽ֮ɫҪ֣Ҫ֣
̨ϡ
ѾīʩչתʱУ˳ī֮⣬˶Զһ¡ī޵ʩչһһӡޱǿһֱʧӰ١
Ȼߵ޵ǰ
ӡɼѵĽеȮӡһʶ
ҲһĿųīӡ
Ǳ޵ɫҰףΪѵҧ𡭡󡭡
īߵ޵еǰһۣûж֡Ȼ󣬽¯
ˮˣûһ˿ɫųīЦ绨
ⳡУͬˣȴûһ˿־塣
ûˡīǱ˱꣬Ȼᱧ˱ˮ
󣬳īĴһ꣬Щȵĵ
۾ˮĿųī˳Ϊ޶꣬ȴֺ࣬ɬԳīκ黰ûаֿ
ǻȥ֮ȥҾ˾ˣһʢĻ񣡡ī꣬˵
ȻֿһԵˮһ𣡡
ˮ۲ˮȻû취˵ȴѾ˵һС
󣬳īһӣصϡջؾԵеĳ˲ʧ
ʱ̨ϵˣڻָжɵ
޵ûмԳī𹥻ǿһѾīˣʲôսҵվǣо綼Զ
ûٿһۣˣһʼûаøС
˵ú㣬Ƕһ飬˵һ㣬Ϊǿʲôֱ
ǽīʱϵѾˡǳīʵǿôֻʲôɻô˵
Ǽ˳ī֮󣬲űѹȥġ
ѹȥˡ
īʱ򣬽Ů͵̨£ħʦôˣ
ħһ۳īȽ£ģͷ˵漴ħīа֮󣬻ȫ
ʲôʦǣ
ħԳī˽⣬Զʤīĸ˽⣡
ϿҲֻ꣬Գī˽ܸħһƴ
ħ̫ԼͽǸʲôӣųôһԳīӣҪạ̊́ǲŽй£
ڳīΪʲôһֱţûбʲôȫ֡϶ɵ
Ȼû˵ȴڸīšīǴħк֣ҲУ
漴īһĵȻվ̨£̨ϵɣڣ˰ɣ
ɼû£Ҳ˿벻īȻģɫҲųüͷ˵ӣѾˡ
ˣɣŽгҴȥҸ˼ˣ¾Ľˡīվǣɫƽĵ
УһƬȻ
н纣ڵĵӣȫߣŭɶĿųīûīô£Ҳˣ
Щǰ纣ǣһҲȫµĿī˵һﵨ󰡣ڽ纣ڵϳɵ˵͸а塣ԭǻΪīЩɵ纣ǿҲûʲô෴ռϷ硣ֱӴȺ뿪ء
û뵽£īȻеӼҪ˵
Ҫǣܶ˶֪ɺܰķˣ˵ĸ飬֪УҲǷǳĽһ֡꣬ûй쳳ķԣ˵ķˣĶҪ̫࣡
ԣī仰˵ڵһ˲䣬¾֪Ҫ㣬æǰҪԲ
һ˲䣬ȴֱӱˣŭɶֱһīС
īɫһƬ䣬Ҳֱӳˣ
Դ˵ӣֵԼ̲ˣʲôīŭ쳹
Ǳһī֣֮£Ҳֻīô˵վɵá
޵һ׶ˣҲ̲סһŭ𣺡ĸףɱ㣡
ͬʱиˣħΧ˹ȥ
Ψк㣬һΪѵı飬ɬĵҪܡ
飡
һĴʥѾħˡ
ħʲôʱ˹ɽʱ򣬾Χⳡ棬˵ҲְˡοɲǸ˱ƵԶ˽Сʿ
䣡
ħ̧־һ
һ̫̺ɱ¾ֵ֮Ĵʥ纣ʿĵ߲
˵ףħһ·ɳսʵ̫ˣΣͲ֪ٴΡ纣ڵĴʥһ·˳˳ˮģûʲôۡرΣյսûоء
ħһԼӦʲôʽȥֵ
ڣ˶ࡣ
ֹͬˮֱӴħߡ
Щǰ纣򲻶ϵȥ¸һϵûУǿɲմ鷳
ʱУһ˶˲ô
һɴϢ˲
Ϣ̫ۻ룬Ҳ̫ǿˣ
ʱΪ֮ݡ
һŮ𣺡ڳŵǿߣ纣ڿɲ˭ܹҰĵط
һŮӣ
ѩ
纣ڸ
һֱû¶ѩʱˣ
һվһ£ӡ
ֳһꪣڷ٣һѪޱʢ˫Ŀų⡣üĴһֻۣ
ѩ;ˣʧʥ
ˣ
ʱ̨֮ϣӰֱӵɳ
ɡ¡޵У
ֱӱķɳ޵أѪ磬ڰоѾȥˡ
ɵŭī㣬㾹Ȼúݣҽ纣ڸƲ
īһϵ޵У


1522 ޷һս
ѩҲĿѣȵ޵УīĿ⣬ߺޡȴκ춯ΪǸֲ̫꣬ˣ
Ƭ纣ֻں֮£
棬׵
ʥ
ߴʥ֮һ纣ǿһ㣡
ʥĿעŴеüֻ۵УĹâѩ纣ڣȻһֱܵ͵Ϊʲôܼ͵ȥոһɫѧ˼ǿ硣ɣ˼ҵϱ治ɫȴݲñӰ䣬ǲǾãƬ纣纣ľ޵ˣ
棬˶ͣ֡
ʥ̫ʢˡ
纣ʱ򣬵ݺ޼ɣû˸ǡ
Ȼǳ纣޾£ʱȻһ𾴡
һʹԼڵϻԲѵĶӣһ˫ޱȳ޵ĹâŭʥⲻƽдȣվûʲôīƾʲôƾʲôôݶȻϵҵĶӣ
º͵ҲޱʹĵĿŵڵϻԲѵ޵УȦˡѩһֱûмˣ޵ֶͬһֱ޵жТ˳ɣûʲô顣
һΣҲֻǰһðŮˣȻ˳ͷʵ̫Ӧˣ
ͷ׷ĳīվڸ̨֮ϣӸ£ŴеȺˣȻһ纣һֱпɣûʲôУϵ޵УԼӦãɣǲʱҹ㣡
˵ţīһħˣʦߣ
ѩߣ˭Ҳߣ
˵䣬ѩϵƳױĿųī˵
ʥһѩȷ
ѩһʥΪҿδ㱻纣ӦþǳīСɣҪ֮ҲҪԼܻܲ뿪˵Ϊ㣡
ѩϣޱǿպյʥȻ޾塣
ʥ⻰ͻȻЦ
ȻкһӣһĲѩ˹ȥ
ѩЦһˣ
̧־һ
飡
Уһ죬ҡҡ׹Ȼз󻤳֣ҲԾôǿ治ϵս
ʱ򣬴˶ѾĹ㳡֮ϣȫ𾪵Ŀ
С
ѩʥӲƴһ֮Ȼȥһֱ˵ԵײǽϣǶǽڳܲסײ
Ȼ
ǽĵķڱƻ˲䱻Ĵѹ촷ۡ
ĺܶ˶ܵ˶ڿѪȥһȻĿһĻ
纣ڵܲâЩ󻤳֣С綼ڵһʱֱӱ纣Ҫˣ
ʥѩֱӴѩȴǱʥѹŴģ
ң˶ܿѩȻޱǿ󣬱ɻҪǿ޽ӽͷ澳ʥȻģڽڰˡ
ɺ»һȺ纣ڵĴʥīΧס
ɵɫֱӵγˮųīī뿪
īһƽ˵ҾѪϴ纣ڣ
㡭ɸолǹɶʵѹܡ
纣ڵĴʥҲȫˣһʮ֮һĵһʥ۷ʿŭڵʲôɣǽ纣ڲ̣
ϣ¶ޱʹɫĲȺΪС
ǰ˫ȴ̸ŵħǿʸ߹ޥĵƮŮۣȫ֪ĸоʵҪȺ˳Ϊѡ
ʽȴƵòȺ˾ѡΪô˵ǽ纣ڵˡ
һ纣ڵĴʥҲŭڵʲôɣ۶ԴǶܱ۸̶ֳȣ
ǰɣ
ǽȥҪҲҪī
ѩܣ
ԣѩܣ
һȺ纣ڵĴʥȫˡ
ǺװͷһƸȥ̫ˡԺ纣ʲô˼ҵǹƥĴһ֡˭ں
һһ˲䡪
Ǳߵѩһʱ˵Ŀ⡣
Сѩ
ѩ
ɺͬʱǵĺ
ٿѩɫҰ׵վһ˫зҪȴһ
ΪǸʥ棬ĺ
ʥȵĳ˺棬ɫƽĿѩ˽ʥҲСƵġҵȷˣ˵ĶԣΪڹȥģһʮһнս
ѩҧ촽ĿеĻ潥ʧתޱȸӡȻ˵ڰ˵ô㡭ɴɱˣ
˵ţһͷźײ˹ȥ
Ҫ
ɵ£
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ʥһЦֱջءѩܴ󣬵ȷѾĴ־ԣһ£Ȼֱ˵ʥĻȻֱ˹ȥ
ôʥ۷һʿĴ־ŭ֮£Ȼ˹ȥĵʥ
˶סˡ
ʥҲסˣһΣҪƿѩֲ֪Ӻ֡
īɫŹֵĿӢʥٺһЦ֪ʲô
꽿İһ۳ī̫˽īˣīһЦ˳ī˼˵滵ʱȻ˼ġ
ʱѩתѡվߵľ磬ȥνιȥҲһ˲顣֮ʱԾ
ʵʱ͵Ϯʥʱ
ľ磬һ֮£Ҫشʥ¡ȴ˵ʲôҲ²ȥˡⱲӣûһ˻ɫ糺죬һ˲ʧˡ
ֳˣȫ㿴ңҿ㣬ⳡ̴ġ湻ġ
֮ǰϵһȥ޵ҲѹʱԼһбϣ̲סһУɱǣɱǣһҪŹ
īһǱߵ޵УȻֿ˿Щˣģ߱Уֱ⣬һս⣬˲
޷һս
ǵļ֣Ҳҵػ
۸ҵŮˣ뷴Ҳ磿
Ǿս
ʥҲ˲صīߣһԲһս⣬ȴһ㶼ȳīٶ١
纣׳˯̫꣬纣еһ㣡Ȼ纣ôȥ纣׵Ĺ죬ͷ޷ݣֻܵˡ
īȳ֮ʥУѽ׷꣬Լľˡһرθڵ
˵īʥ֮䣬żԨԴ
ɵ棬ޱȾᣬ벻һУɱȺˡ


1523 ʧ
纣ھռž޴ơ˶࡭һô
һ£īѱȫȺˣҲˡĹ壬纣ںͺһ³һī纣ڣ϶ڣ
³Щǿ١
ûԼһѶϵˣ췢飬ҲڿԼʵǲ
ٿīȺˣǼʥ˾綼ģȻҲ޾ɫһƽ
̾˿
ʱԶʣһʮǿƵ뱻ڣʵʵĵͷϴǳīովӦһǵùӣ
磡ʥУ¶֮ɫһ
ţǰôĵ飡һӰȻ
һֻİСĺӣ۽𾦣һֱӸʥһ
ֻӣ纣ѻȸ˵ƣһʧӰ١
ֻӣ
ֻѹ֮꣬ȻԴʥͷĺӣ
εȰԵΪľͷ֮һ޾£˭ܵУȴֻӵ
ûֻӣɶ¾ĸīƴ񡭡ʲô˵ģ
۵һһѪҡҡ׹죬纣ڡˣ
Цһ˵ô飬ԼһӢһɣϱһÿɷ񣿡
ȻոոϵԺӵ;磬Ҫ֪ʲôһͷ顣
㡭ĿѵĿźʥ
裿ǾͱװŻЦȻųīٺЦСӣĲǲһܣֱӴˣŻƲ㣡
īЦųźӱȭʥ
ˣô˵ţʥèҲţȥĽ
ʥ۾ųϣĹâͷǸһоһţ
ӿһ۳īЩˣȻԳī˵ˣǶѾˣⵢˡСӣ㲻Ҫ𣿻ͷ㼸סң
īһˮŮȫЩɬĵͷ
ӺٺһЦôƯСиˣ
īͷˣźӺʥֱȥ
纣ߣȫһҰĿǵӰһʧߵС
ֳֻʣ޵вʵĿ޺
Щǰ纣飬Ҳһǰµ
վͬʯһ㣬Ҳ˵Щһȥֱе˶ȥ֮ɲǻһɤ˵𣬽纣ڣɢɡܣܴǸӻԻ͡Ƕ桭Ҳûʲôˡ纣ڣҲûмڵˡ
һƬȫ򵹡
ջس˷ս֮
ջس˷ս֮
纣ڣվһɡеһЩҰģҰģҲǳư纣Ҫ˵Ұģȴûеġ
ҲѾϰ棬ĹԼӡ
ԣǲɽɢɣΪǾ޼ҿɹˡҲʧȥп
ɾսһ㣬ľ磬ȷѹ纣о顣𿴽ôôˡ纣鷳ˣȻ֮٣
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ʱºȻ˵ȻСǻгû
л𣿡̾Ϣ
˵ȻûУиǰĶǽ纣ڣҲ̫꣬ʱһЩıˡ
纣ڵ˶̲סͷ˵ȷ£սֺڴˣϵ£ѪԶûУ
ǷǶԴҲ˵˾˲ˬ
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μ
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λӦһ뵽־棬Ҳû˼
°䲼˼µķ֮󣬾ǲɢˡ
Ǳ޵ͱ˴ȥˣκãӽҲֻһˡ»ʹжȹʱҲûܹ˵ˡ
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ʥī֮Ժ׺񣬾ûѩ⣬纣Ҫ޵ҲǧѡѩȻǵĳңɺԶԡ
𡭡ܱ𣿡һɬЩ벻ͨôݱ䵽ֵزģ
磬㲻ΪǻлᱨɣЩŹֵĿһԼĸ磺Щ˵ġ޵б˷ϵǽ纣ڱ˳ôݵһ⣬ҪûУǽ纣ýɢˡ⻰Ҳֻ˵˵ѣú룬ʲôѩޣ
ɴǣĬΣҡҡͷ̾Ϣˣ͵ҽ纣ڵһٰɡӽҲκˡȥչˡʲô飬Լǡ
˵ţһįˡ
µУҲ֮ɫϣôһЩǲĴڡЩˣΨһģҲֻ˵һΣǽ纣ҵģ
Ȼ򵽳īȥûκ飬һĻᡣԣֻܲϵǰˡ
ô˵纣ϵţ纣ȻǰĴڡ
Ѿˣа

Զ纣һƬǿУʥʥһ𣬿ųīˣڴ˷ֿ
ӿųīЦĵ֮پлɣͷ㼸õ
īźһȭʥ̫ˡ
Ƿ飡˵꣬Ҳ£ʥһʧããǿա
ʣ³īһˣ໥һۣ΢΢һЦʳǵķҲˡ


1524 ϲ
īȺ˵Ļع飬˸е𾪡˼ī֮ĵһӦǰ˵ȻŻ¶ޱ˷ܵɫ
ţ
̫ˣ
ӻˣ
ţ
Ͽ
Ͻȥ֪ͨ
ӻŻˣ
ʳУܿʹ˳īϢ
ħųī벻ڻеͣ
īЦΪ֮ǰļսɡ
ô˵վǻĳԱôȥħҲ֮ȥı̫ࡣսʱȻ˫ƽУȴѧദҲº˺ܶࡣĻڹȥǾ˵ڵġ
ƮŮ۵ȫЩĴŻʳеľ
ϵĻʳǣ޾µ£̫ˡκεһˣᱻľ𺳡
ܿ죬ŴĻԱϵīƽȵļҲ¶֮ɫһ΢΢һЦˣ
īͷˣ
˫໥һ
·ֵ͵Ļʼҷ緶ˮ¶ǳԲκ˸о
ˮڳīԣҲȫǳ
󣬼īһ˻ʳһƬݻĹȺ䡣תЦŶԳī˵ùú͹øΪ⣬ȥӼȥˡǻ֮ǰҸոյõսӼ̫ӲƣڽٵΧ֮£ˣˣ֪١ӼҺǵһЩѣǵĴ£ҲѾҪˡͷҰŵϢ֪ùú͹øһܿġˣܿģ
īżллˣ
ҡҡͷֵܣαؿˣһ¡ųīЩζĵʥ˵纣Ҫȥ㣬£Ȼսˡ˵һΣˡ
īţ΢΢Ĭһ£Ȼ˵ȥ飬Ѿˡ
ǾͺãᣬվֵܡʥĳīļȻȻЦֵܵļڿɲ˭ĵˣ
īݸһЦԼʾõΪСʵ˵վֵܡңǺ׵Ĺþף
ʥܹȥַ֮ӦҲ˵ȷˣѳīԼˡ
󣬼˵ӣǾס߰ɡһʱ䣬ùҲͻˡУǱߣ˲ˣбЩ󡣡
īЩмĿżлл
һЦ˵ˣֵܣл󣬼˽Ⱥ˷ֱúãȻ˵԰ţ͸ȥˡ
ΪʴڵѾôµ£̫ȴżȥӭӳīѾǺܲ׵һˡ
īŹϢܿ촫ǰսǱߡϲҲȦȻΪӲҲû뵽ô
ӵƷϢ˷ܲѡ
ĴΪϢеܡڶӼҵսУû˿
̶ֳȵսݲð飬ӼҴУǲġ
ºӼұСʤ飡
Ȼ֡ųīþò֡˵ԲԼĶӡΪûܼȥѰҳīˮϱϲòˡ
ħƮŮۡ塢̺ͺ¼ˣҲǸмֱԼĸĲ
ͳȷû뵽ǶˣȺȴûзһ·ϣȥѰҳī
֪纣Ǳ߷ľ֮һп벻лôۡ
û뵽ʥȻţһϢߴʥ룬һɿֲ棬һԺͷʿʵ̫ϡˡǵĴڣͷеɵ˵
ī˵ͬģۼ֤ӺʥǵսƴһУīҲ֪Լں¼ֶáʥȶϺӺһ㣬īҲûбʤʥİա
˵ߴʥսǾͷ֮ģ
һ񡣡īԥ˼죬Լ뷨
һ£漴һԼĶͷһɥĵҷ֣ġһ㶼ְ飬ȻҪöѡҵĴҵĴȥţ
˵ţֱӷľˡ
ѳīһԵĳĿɿڴãС˵ԭɣôһӣǻ۲ȱС¡ԺģңʵҲǷһ񡣡
īԼϵһźӣ˵Ǿһ𰡣
ʲôһ𣿡һ͵ĿԼĶӡ
һٰѽī˵
ʲô¶ģȻܾȴһĨĶӣֺγûһ˿Ƿأ˵ˣɵֻҪ˴˿۾ͿԡһʢĻվǻ˸ӿĵġ
ʲôеģīһԼĸףЦ˵ѵ㲻һϲô
ϲ΢΢üƺЩ򶯵ӡ
ţ£ͽҰɣīظ֤ţǵǼң϶Լġ
ӣɳʿȥһ׻ƴ򣬽׻ƴкܶīйصˣȫӵʳǡȻһУȫڰнеġ׼Ÿһϲĳ֪
Ϊīø׸ĸһϲͬʱҲ롭Լĸףһϲ
ԣЩ׻ƴӹȫõʳһȽƫƧľõĵط
ֻгīԼȺ˵֮ʣ͵͵ȥһۡУҲˮЩˣ
ϲҪ࣡
ܶ˶Ϊī飬ŮӻģʵīûǸͷԣһֱû̫õĻᡣôȥܶ鶼Ѿ˷ǲ׺ɣˮȴȻһƬҲʱ򣬸һ
ǰУҲƵӰٴμ棬һЩĽᣬҲѾ״ˡҲ̹ܺȻԳīϵף
˺ܶ࣬иīˣȫ
һĴֱʣҲֻ֣ǡΪǴȺ˹ܾκˣһ֡
ڳīĹףڲε飬ûκηԵ
һֱճԵĻ֧⵽㣬ڳīϷսѹĹʱ򣬾ѾһϵԶ硣ʽˡ
壬ֻʣµճһһ
徻ࡣ
ī￴ˣһȥ˽ߵЩѶڣ
÷١󷢡ߴɵ̫ࡢ̨ξ˽Ʈ칬ЩһʦáѩСѾƋOЩˣҲȫڳīǰ
Щ֮ǰ׻ƴīֿȴǱһܡ
ҲֻеЩ˲ܵӴԼīݵλжߣ


1525 
޵дˮͷ־ԶһڣɹеĹ
⻹ǳ˲ˣȻĻ϶һʱǡһҪмġ
޵гп־µһСӣ뵽Ȼ᳹׸ıԼǳī㻹ţҲѾǷꡣ˽磬岻죬վӰޡ
һڣСԶ־Ѿˡùȥ۹ȥѾˣ
Ҳˣ
϶Է޵зǳǳīүү׻ƴػߣԷ޵ӲҸʮ˽ˣǳ𾴡
֮ˣȻҲ̸
īһȺӣҲȫ⵱УСˣѾ𾳽磡
ǽܻᷢ⣬ҲҪʺϵǳīǵеľˣ¶졣ȻţҲһȺɱ˵Ļôܻ־ʵ
ԣȺ˵ĿУī
ȺˣҲȫˡ
ī״ӷ½½ýãƽƼ
ȥ½½ýúƽƼЩŮӣѾɳüģˡ
֮£ǵϣȫɢޱȸ߹ʡκˡǣҲ׻ƴһɵƮ칬еľ䡣Ʈ칬ӵĿУīһĴڡǸ߸ϣɽӽģʮʦȺˣܹӴҿԸ߹ػͰ䡣
һ̫ˡ
СĺӣһǳƯСŮҲѾһͤͤŮһΪѾﵽ۷塣⻹ѹƵĽȻĻӦѾ硣
ǵĵħҲǲ֪ģ
˵īĺܴҪϲҪܶ˾ϲ
īѣҲ൱ĶࡣĶˮĻ˵϶Ҫġܹ֤īĴ飬ΪⱲ̸ʣ
ѣЦ˵̸ʣӦīĶ֡
ֵ٩ˮֻܿЦȷĽջһˣδɳĳīֽ֮ѾΪĽˡ
ֻֽȴԼ˵ΪУͬҲԼĽǷˣķڷģȴһҪȥͽīĸо
̬ʵҶȻҲɷ羰ǰ
½ѩ˫ƽ桢벩ë嫺߿޾ĵܵأ
вܲ١̡㣬īĽֳңȫˣ
ЩԹ͵͵ųīһѾ޽ӽ𣬴ﵽ׼۷״̬ˡ׷īīǰеٶʵ̫ˣ쵽͸ϡ
γīҲ׿ڳŵˣͷߡ
ʵϣīһΣҲаһߵԴȻǸõġԼЩţ˭ֻҪԸµģõİţ
ҪȥģҲûϵѵԴ
ǳī
ŵȳĳī
йȺܣȫǳīʦٴμ棬īʮ㣬ûκһ
ȺʦԳīҲǷǳοǴãκα飬˭ܸоĿġ
ֻС׻
˵ֻС׻ԭһ㶼صΪ֪ҪôȥԼʥǱǰȥǵĻӵܸȰ˵ˡΪӵܸ߰׻˵ʥѾı˹ȥԳīĶӡ˫һˡ
ʫͶ˾ͼͼͻƽãǶ¶ʵӣڴۣ硭Ϥ̫ˣ
˼ˮҵһȺˣرˮ갲īЩִ٣ҲЩ
īˮңˮ갲ˮ¹лô£վǳˣ棬ˮ갲ȴЩˡ
֪ýгīأǸýгī
ǳīʮİлˮ갲лİŮԼˮ갲ʮָжˮ£Ҳɡ
Ҳ㲻ʲô֮ѡ
Щյѣ˸ոոȺ˽֮⣬ģѾ̤˵߽׾硣
˵ҲȫǸиԵ
Ⱥˣīּһӱصĸоܸп
û̫ʱ˺ѣһ֮󣬳īȻȥīҪȥһطһЩĿˡ
ȥ֮󣬶ĴյߣЩŮӣôȥѾˡʵڲ
ȻʧЦĶôڣҵǺܸмǵĶ̫ˣлʥڹȥ˭ȥ룿
գգۣЦҲǣҴǰʥûΪʿ߾磬أ
Ů̸ܶ˶̲ס¶΢Ц
ǰڳЩˣ˹йȺǰ֮⣬ļˣһΪʿ۷ˡҪǳīмܼʶַ羰
īȥʳǱֽ֮Ӵ˺ܶոոѡ
贡£еʿҶࡢħŮǶ
īһĹϲһ漴ͿʼϷī˵һҪȢأôôۣ㣿Ҫȼ
ī̲ס˸ۣ˵ôǼˣҪҲȢ
贺ҶࡢħŮһЦ
Ʋ˰ɣҶӦءͱˡҶħŮ԰ҪԸ⣬Ȣĸ
ҶħŮȫ糺죬һεı飬벻»յȥһߡ
ҶѾļ߳һԳī뿪ǶӻĹӣδûһ˼ֻǺܵΪ֪ܡ
ǶѾħŮ˵īߵĺ֪ʵкܶ࣬ռ޸īģȴֻһ꣬Ŷһˮ˵īԴĽ
ԣȻĽˮȴ˼
Щ˼䣬īͣȥӵƷֵܡ
һԼֵܣҲҪ̫ף΢һ֮󣬳īֱˡ
ΪǰμӻˣԽԽ࣡
ʼֺܶرͷˡ
ԭûҪⳡôֻڻڲһ¾ͺˡȴЩƣ
Ѿ֮ǰǸû䡢ʽ΢ȻˡŵĴʤ˻
ǶӼҸӣīһ֮ʤǿʥʥӳϡžϷսѹĹ壬սϴ纣ڣɱһ壬ٵսϣµ
⼸ս壬һγΪ˷ĳ
ܻûоͷھ㱳վžͷĹ壬Ҳǰǣ
Ӽҵ³ʲô֪ˡ


1526 ż
ǣ˲СУǸˣǻĵճӵܣǳī
ƣһĶ̸֮֮ۡмߡ֮ǳĻǲмģòϣīѾվһĸ߶ϡ
ͷ֮£Ѿûжܹѹˡ
ԣһγīϢȥ֮󣬾īйѩңվһͷӴ壬ֱɳһ֧ʹŶӣǰأ
ʣЩͷļ壬ǳ׸彻Щרˣݵλܸߵ֣ǰʳǵء
ЩˣҪīǺҲԴˣīΣҲΡΪʴʧֻܴųīŸֽӴ
ܿ죬ԶµǸյˡ
һһ磬춼û˾Ͷʼæˡ
ʳǣһƬϲ죡
սƽ涼һƬܺܶ˶֪ⰲ˶ãϲǰˣʱЩ顣
ˮһȺĹΧţױ磡
ӡֱȥˣ
޾£ԪֶԣĹ൱Ӵ󡣵Щƽһ
ȫŸҪ顣Լ˵ܹ۵һܹ۵ôȫе⡣
Ⱥ˹ɫĹǣˮЩڡ
̸ʲôţʵȺ֮Ůݵλ̫ˣ
ֲڣܿͶˡЩĹδػ˭ȣ˴Ӧö˭ȣ
ԣǿĽύ£ܿˮһ֡ܿ
أҪôͺˡһǧĵĹм裬ָˮͬ˵㡣
ˮЦô˵޵ˣҪ˵Լȫ˶Ӧ
ŮĸԼøһ㣿˵ţ̾˿ͳˣұ䡭
Ů̲סЦȷҲȷʵıԼòʵҲҪıʲôΪûһġһ൱ޡ
ʱ򣬼ȻŽˣȫ׼
ˮҲҪվ
ѽǿ£ض񣬲ضҾǹҵüۼ䶼Ц⡣
ˮ໥һۣīҪԼĸһϲ£֪ġԣһװܹŮһ꿴ż𿪿ڵ
Ӧǽһɴࡣ
ΪīʵѾɷ޺ܶ꣬ԣһеûһ
ʲô飿ǲеѽҪŲҪţˣֿףЦе˵
ǣб¶һ˫գѽգģż𣺡ʹ·
ѽÿô΢΢һһԼϵ·ȻֹеѽϾǵĻҴ̫Ҳʺѽ
ùãôͲʺأǳīܸܵꡢĴ֮գǰ֮󣬿Ҫݸĸ˫׵ģʹú𣿡Це˵
һЩ飬Ҳ֪һ㣬ʵŵģҲֻмһ
˵ҲѽǣҲ磿Щɵĵ
ʵϣòˮǴʥʿҪԼСһˮվһû˸˵ǳΪȥ涷޵ã
ȻҪˣˮȻûϤ̶ֳȣվǶϱҲӳһ˵Ҫ磬Ҫúôһ£꣬ǲǸ׼·
⻹ˮһοڽЩ˼Ҳ΢΢һᣬеԼˡˮҲ֪ǲʵ׻ƴ֮䣬޾أ̫Զˣ
Ҳóī뵽֡ˣǸصĴӢۣҪЩС顣
һ˸˲䱻ˮԺ
ˮϵޱĬֱ˵ѽ㲻˵ҲˡϿģ·óǸ棡
ЩȫЦаСѾͷҲǻ飬ϷݵĸƵġȻԾƵļƭת
ҲǸûǿȥ룡
ϾӶôˣ̫֮ĥѣ޶ѾҪЩӳ֮ĸ顣ԣζ벻ˣȻҲһġ
ȵ˰·ó֮󣬼ʱЩɵˣž¾ϣ¶ãͷƵĿˮҡҴô޵·𣿡
⵱ȻʰӵĴϲӣȻôϲһѽҪȻ˼ô֪˭ǳīװһ棺˵ˣôᣬվһ˭ܿóǴ
ǣǵĴӣúúô磡ˮ˵
ѾͷֿżǣôĿԣ
迴żǼޱ޵ȹЦ˵ùãͱɣҲأ
ѽùã磡
ţҲ
Ҳ
СЦ߹Ѽֱӿʼ
ȻеĻŻŵģžеԼȻᣬסȻҪӵĸоţɿЦаҡͷ뵽ī궼һôˣʵӦиˣҲõˣھȻԼӡĪٺ˼ˡ
󣬼ɴ˫ۣɼǸš
һߡ
īͳһ
мڰš
Щǣ贾ȻԸīŸַ͡
㾹Ȼоīһŵı顣
īô˵û˼˰һ߰Ūųīͷһߵ˵ҲǸðɣҡвģ
һ˵ҾͲᡭÿζŮŪġ
ޱĵ磬ˡ
£
ӵƷһԶЦˡ
ҶħŮЦ̫Цӡ
̲סŰ۵ЦЦ£š
͡
ҶħŮһЦ
˵Ȼͷ֪ϸů
ҶħŮʱͣͨ죬Ц
ºһȻųīȻʵ²½鷳
īȻһЦ˵ʲôˣ
ҡҡͷҲʲô˵飬ǺļǱߣƺе㶯


1527 زһ
ī֪µϢͨ˵ƺӦþȷ˵顣Ҳ֮ǰ׻ƴ֧һսУвٺļӵܵӰɱһļĵճӵܣͬʱ˺һȻֻһܵܵӡǵȴȻī޴鷳
ǸʱīѾӵս£Ҳˣºǵ֮ѡ
ɴһļϵ壬Ҳ˶ԹԣԼ飬ļ춯īо⡣
֪īļ֮仹жԹЩʵô£ļ塭Ҫ鷳
ī˵İɵûʲô˵ġֻ֮ǰ֧һȺˣһЩļʿȥ׻ƴǱߣҪ׻ƴ顣ԣүүǴӹһΡñҸϡѺļȺӵܸˡһճӵܣһʶ
̲סզࡣ
ˣҲȫ𺳵òᡣ׷ĿɿڴĿųī
īڱ纣Ӳ֮һսһԾͷ

ĸо
īǣôˣﶼǲǾͷһʶӡǣֲǾͷûʲôµġ
ֱӷ˸ۣҲ˵
贽һڴڳīͷϣ˵ͻȻãӦûȥչء
ţҲô롣Ʒһ˵
ӵųī㻹ʲôԴ̼ǵ飬һó˵𣿡
ԣǵĳ޵ġħŮ˵
īðɣк̼ܶ顣
ȫһ
ųīȻ΢΢һ˵СӣỹʲôҰɣ
ҿҲûܴӳīϿʲô쳣Ҳʱеɻ
ܿ죬ʱ
ںܶ˵ͬ£ǰ޴ĵˡ
ǵãһС磡
Ϊ壬ֱȻСˡǸīٰĵãǧͬʱ
ûʸ񵽽ǰģҲд͵ľֳһһչֳ
ԣҪǻбʹֳʢ
ϯ֮ǰѾʼ׼ˡ
Ϊλ磬ǻ˾ʡϲϵľƲˣ֮ߣǰδеģ
뵽õʱ򣬴ﵽ˽һС߳бͣʱѾˡ
׽ЩѣһϵšУϣһ䣬ȫֳҴ˺ص
һʢ
һЩļ壬Ҳ߲Ĵ֮ǰйһЩѾͷЩ˾ͷ֮⣬߲УҲˡ
̫ʢˣӣǱҪġ
ԶսȻҪҪսڴ˿̣ȴάֱϵĺȻĻӼҵ³һӡ
һƽ͵ĸ˴кʾҲҪ
ȻŹϵǰȥ
ܶ˶ڰй۲λаԸ̾ϵƸˣ
˵ˡˣ
Щйˣ̲סи̣Ҳڸ̾ˡһīӵܣ
˿ûгīĴڣδܹ棬ī𵽵ãֱ̫ؼˡ
ôۺ켵ʣҲûõġ
ʲô˼Ҳȫʵʵѹֳܱ
ⳡ˾ǹ߳һȫ΢΢һֱ𺳵ĸо
Ϊ˾ǹٵݵλ̫ˣ

Ļʴһεĵ
Գīӳ̶ȣлҪ߰
ʴ˾ǹ١ҫֱͻˣ
˿ģҲ㹻ˡ
˶̲סڰ˽еĽޱǿҡ
ܶճӵܣеζҲΣԼĻҪҲɼ֣Ǹöð
Ҳֻ룬Ϊ˭֪ܹⳡֻһԭⳡǣгī
վһ̨֮ϣ̨ʮ־޴󣬺汻ʥɽͼס˿ֻ̣һվϵȴֱѹȫ
ĵ̲סĵͷЩܶ飬ѾԶһˡ
һĹٷԴʣл˸ֱ֮ӽ⡣
ǽǣɡīӣ
̨Ĺ̲סȫ̧ͷһڴĿ̨֮ϡ
һڽۣͷϽڵӢ꣬лߵ̨ϡ
ʱһȻ
ǳī
ᰡͷ
˵֮ǰֻһ𡭡
жЩ飬Ķ𣿡
Ϥīˣȫ̲ס۷׷סĴųī
̨֮ϣųī¶һº͵Цݣ͵ܣ𣿡
īʵʵĵͷֳ棬ȷЩš
Цûϵ´ξͺˡ
ī
̨˶̲סôЦ˵ߵ¿кܶ࣬һ˵ĻͨҲһΪʴһֱرȡ˭Ҳ벻ᵱ٩Լֵܡ
īǳ˳飬һ䣺´λֻСܸ֣
Ĵ;ٰˣĵ£ҲһĹ˵Լܵеϡԣ˳ī⻰Ͷˡ
͵ܣҰɣɩӿɾ̨¿أ
һЦ޴СõУЦ졣
漴ɫ棬һλǡ
̨ºܶȫһȻǵǲ֪˭ؼǣ̣ʱӦÿʼ֣ѵĻ񣬹ظضһҪȰɵĸ
̨£¶һĨ顣˭˵ʼ飿϶ϣֻΪҪеΣʵ̫ˣ
ܸú÷ⳡУرġֿģս֮»ָˣ
ʱͬһĳˣͬлͬһ߳īվһ˿ԼĶӡ
īܹԸо׶ٻеŵġŸһ֣ȻҾðɣԸ￼ǿǣһ¡ܵá
ʱһݺݵһ۳īеǷݽţȴʱʧӰ١漴ȴ̲ס룺һƺҲ
漧ѳ̨ȥǱɷţ״ڷտռļˣһ֪
ǻʼҵĴֱˣȫɶķسġ
ԣվ̨ϣһĿŮǱߵ˵ڣġϻ۵ġ˫ġ峤̨
˵ţһ֣֣


1528 ྪϲ
ʼҵʦ漴ʼ֣죬ֱáܶһӾͱסˣһЩ¶֮ɫٴθпʼҵĵ֮
ΪǶ֮ˣǾʿдżĵЩˣȿʣͬҲ˲ɱ˵Ĺߣ
ǿڲ֪ȥ
˭ֳ֪ɱˣһЩȻие𺳡ʦЩУǻǸȤŻȥһšһѰʦһЩ֣һûС
ٿߣٸˣи̨࣬ͬһͨʦе
棬ŮǱߡ
һ˲䣬ֱɵˣһʢװͷڣ˶ˡֱˮߵԣһһңö𣺡ԥʲôأϳѽ
ҡЩңŮֿЩЦĹŮڣе׷ʲôȻֲŵĸо૵⣬ⲻϹذиĸϳĵ
ѽȥȥˮżӲ˳ȥ
ϡͿƹ磬ո߳һ˲䡣
ȻмΪ࣬Ȼһ

̫ˣ
˫
˶Լĵһӡ
Ŀˣܹվ֮ڵģȫͷ֡Ҳȫ壬顣⵱Уһ룬ûмλ峤컹ǵһμ
һ֮£ʱλո𺳵ˡ
ڻ֮£̨ЩãȻãϣ¶ĵЦݡģȴһ¡
ⳡ񣬺ܶܶǰʵӦΪеġ
һۿ˴ޱ¡ءǴûôĳȻٿԼһ·ֱ֮ͬϡ
ʲô׵ģˢһ¾૵ӦǶӵĻӦǶӵĻ𣿡
ʱ򣬳īһ˲ƣֱǰǣĸ׵֣ĺ̺һǣԼĸס
˶û˻һģᣬһһӴţǸˡ
̨ܴ·;Զûжκ£īǣĸ˺ܳһ·
ﶯһֱ࣬ȫ˵Ŀ⣬ȫĸӵϡû˸е·̫ߵ̫ˣȫףĸӣһߣȺŵĳ
֪Ĳ֪ģҪֳ򶯡
̨ЩˣҲ׷ʩչͨ͵͵Ŀߵĳ档
ӦˣҲ͵֪ˡΪҲõյУ޷԰Ρ
ڣīǣĸ׵֣˸ǰĸ֣˸УȻ󣬵ϥ򵹣˵ף»ϲͷϣͺ
īһ£̨ʱѾһЩˣ۾
һЩϱҲɵɴ˫ۣųī
Ϊīһ仰ôڴ
š
ܵðɣī˵
ֵļһ̣ϼ˫գЦõĺݺݵһԼĶӡȴǸ˳īһ񡣿ͨһЩ顣
̫㣬һ㶼ûᵽĸĿ֣ȫû麢ӳɳĹ̡̫źˡ
ˣΪʲôأ
̨ųī˵仰еˣȫ̲סܶϱ̲סơеĺܶŮԣѾȦ
ͳһѳīһڣվһޱķ羰ߡ
ȻûдǾ޴ľϲлعȥдһĨ㱣ϣȴž޴ҸϢ
ʱ򣬼ſʼһˮ̨
ȻȻ󣬰ޱȻŴ򿪣Ůһڻ幫£дЩߵ߳
ɻ죬ܰ
ˮվһߣһʢװĳīīͬҲڿǡ
Ŀнվô꣬һ
һ̣ȫͷޱͨĸо
·һǰߡ·ңԶб˴˵鲻µһԵҲһ
ӽ֣Զһ
һȺĹڽŮ͵īǰȻȺ幫˼
̨ϣīһڣվȫҸɫˡ
ʱ򣬼΢΢һЦգϲСףλˣͷϣͬģڣ뼧ߵأ
Ǳ׼˸㰸ͼƷ
ͼһׯϵļءڼصʱ򣬼ͳжһ˿ź
ϵϴγһΣȻ㲻֪٣Ӧڱչءʱ򣬼ܳء
ȻѾӹ׻ƴ·;ңԶ޾ǿգô
ԣ֮󣬱Ǽ棬֮󡭡Ӧþûˡ
ȻǷ޶ˣأл֮󣬼ݸ棡
Ǳ˻ںͳһλ޶ˣȺݡ
Ƿ޶ˣҪлԵĸĸΪǡǴ⳾˵
ͳһȫסˣЩ˼Ŀż
Ȼˣ˵Ӧϵˣ
ǰŮ
һֱ˵ϵľǼСŮΪ峤һ֤ɲ˭ӵŵġһΣףϵĳ谮лҪǿң
棬Ӱ߳
Ȧ˲ֺˣֱɵˣ

ѾǵһμԼʲôʱˣΪǻСֻǵãһĽӡȻҪǵԺҪԼ
һԪǰ飡
һĻϲñģֱġʶĿһ۶ӡ
īǱһ
ʲôˡ
⾪ϲ
СӲ裬һľϲͬʱҲԼָԼһľϲ
治֪һϻʲôƣ
ڼ£ͳ޶ˣȫһȻᣬһ߰λˡ
ϵﲻ࣬Ȼһ˳һ彣
һۺĽ͵ǻүүһĽȻֻʥ𣬵Ƿѽ£ҸʶҪûõ
ЦҪӵĻ١Ҳٵʱ򡣺֪ѽϵ壬ûſڹû뵽ϵȻ͸÷򡣻ǳð
ʱ򣬳һ˵ҵ׼ֱ̫ҲûʲôرõĶҪҵĶϱһġ
˵ţֱͳһ
ϵ͵һ漴׼ңʹã


1529 иྪϲ
ܶûпóʲôֻϵ֫嶯ͱˡȫЩˡ
˵ﻰѾû˸СīˡȻһЩҲһЩ˶ԳīʾмʵǲǲмѾһַʽϿˡ
Ҳʶѡǳīĳȥ׻ƴ¡Ϊ򣬳ī֣ҲԿ
˵ﻰڳЩˣûм׻ƴ˷ġ׻ƴߴҲһۡ
ԣܳһ̨кܶ˷ǸʥʿҲǾͷСʣµġûˡ
ʥ־磬ȻҲ࣬û洦ɼĵزֹеƫһʱģѳ
ֱһ̣ϵķӦ𺳵ǡ
ʲôϵݵλܵ𶯣
ʱ̨ϵĳЦǺǵĵһԵɺ֮µõģҾãҵĶϱʵġ
ܶҲڿ˳ŵǼ
էһܶ˶еʧʮã
ΪȥǾһѽĴߣںģһ״Լһ߰볤ûκϢɢ
Ȼϵ֮ǰķӦڿⶫģ֮Ȼ̲סеЩʧ
а룺Ȼ׻ƴƫԶطģⶫǱʺΪ»ͳ
ڳ˵УҲֻˣ¶ʣɫ䣬ҲмĽ֮ɫ
ö
Ʒĺö
׻ƴֵطȻּܳƷ˴УҲһĲֵ
֪ó֮󣬾ڳһЩж԰˴ӡĹ֪ۡ˵Щڡ
˿ϰ˴ʿ˴ʿֺγûԼĽأ
ҲһʲôֻѡԼүүϵֻϷˡûүүַӦĶǷ
Ҳûǳⶫ΢΢һ漴ĿԼĸףо
ⶫֵһ˲䣬īϵĲɢһǿҵңûвѣīҲܸӦⶫǿᡣ
Űɣӣȥ̫ÿȥϽⶫУº͵Ц
ǵлȻһȥ
ûʲôӦ
ܶ˶Ī˵òһɣӦòᡭô˵ֳϣΪĳϣҲһŪ˰
ʱֳţһȥ
û
ʱϵ˵ȫ
׵ģ˲佫뵽ѽĴȥ
䣡
һ˲䣬һ߲ʹâ˳ѽĴ͵ıޱѤ
âֱʣôķ󶼷һܵķҲһӱˡ
ȫˡɵɵĿǵʺĹâǹâɢޱȵĵϡ
Ѳʺ罣ҵ׻ƴʱзֵһû֪ʲôֵʱģȫȥͻֲʺâȻǸʱܷôĹâһ˵
ϵɫУһĨ׷֮ɫķˣị̄ѾˡԣѽԳ˵ǿ񲢲ҪͬŷǷ塣
Ҳ˲ͶˣûƴǣҲûоܾΪӳϵ̬УѾ˳ϵ⡣ųʩ񣺡лл͵
ѡʺ罣֣µȻԼĶӡīҲڿСһӾͳڻˡ
Ķã
ɷľϲҲ
ʱ򣬻˳īˮˡ
ŮǾŮӣڿϵһ̣ѾµʲôųīȫûκķӦŮҲЩ»⡣һǵļҪûأ
졢ݵء桢ݸĸ
ڵ˰ݸĸһء
ˮȻûӳīϿκΰʾŮУеʧ䡣ģǿģ
һּĻ񣬵Ů顣ǵõģѾ̫ˣȥˡ
˳İͼ֮Ůīվ
ʱ򣬾˵ڣˮ갲ˮ̨̨µ˽͵죬ǻһЩǣӵˣҲҪһ֤ⳡ񣡡
ˮʹסˣȻ֮ǰѾµһЩôһ׼ڴʱ˿̣һ߳˵ʱˮǿƲסĵ
ˮˮ˲ģۡ
һĽĿˮͬʱųīǰ⡣īܹˮĸĸѾܲˣ
ī΢Цţˮˮ갲ˮ˼
׻ƴҲݵλߵˣȴԵЩҡֳ棬Щ͵ݵλΪδţδ
ԴˣīԶϸޱȹ
ֱˮ갲֣˵лĵĽңģԺһḺһԶ
ˮ갲ȦҲЩ΢죬ˮ˸ֱᡣͷ
󣬼ٴ˵뾫ϵ̨
һӾסˣŴ߳Ǹ޵ŮӣҲûܿסֵĿһ۳īȻֱӷ˹ȥ
Դߣ뿪壬ҲûȥҲûЩǡ
ոռ֮Ҳι˵ģûīܰѾ
ϲǾ޴ľϲ
ϲģں棡
һСѾƋOѩ˪޵еȵȵȵȡЩ˴ӸԵ米һһ߳ʱˮȫɵˣ
Ů嶼Щ
Щˣ̫ϤһȺˣ
֮䣬κ˵Ĺϵ
ͷһ۳ī㡭ǰ׻ƴľӢ𣿡
޾Ҳˣ
ԭ׻ƴеЩˣɽеġġ˽ġīЩӡ
ˣǫ̈̄ϡ
Щ̲סи̣׻ƴ
гīЩʦҲˣǲûг̨ϣѡ񰲾档Ҳ뾪ףһۣûһޱ˿̣ȴЦ
νľϲǵĵʱ׵˸һ˵ʱǰ
ⳡȻ˸жģǻߵʵų
ǣϵǣ׽ˡˣ
һЦ⣬ľ͵ˣվվڳīߣȴû˿ӳ
ΪμֵܵĻ
ⳡ棬ϵܵ˸ȾѾ̨ڵԣһ΢ЦĿšϣƺһϢ
ʱ˴ͨʥ


1530 ߴʥ
ʥ
һѾȥ꣬վھ۵
㣬Ϊ֮󣬲֪ҲϹʱĹĴ˵
ȻûͷǸΣʥȴκξͷ
˭û뵽ʥȻǰμӳīĻ
ǵģûΪʥڸӻμӳĻġ
ϵ͵ʥˣ̲סվǱҪ̬ӭλϹŴʥ
һӢӣӴڣ߽
ȫ£ʱѻȸ
ˣȫһ𺳵ĿϹŴʥ
Ҹͷа壬ֱӿսĴʥûмǰλһ
СֵܣʥһЦ⣬ԶԶģ̨ϵĳīк
һٶ˸е𾪡
ʥûȸϵ͵кֱӸīкӸģǴˣ
īæʩ񣺡ʥݰ٣ܳ
ʥԽСֵܣīԼȴôû֪֮۱ֻǾ磬ʥ˲ֹһ㡣
ֵƱɣСֵܣڱ纣еءʥ˿˵Լ˭֪飬˵˭᣿
˵ţʥųϵ͵֣Ǵкˡ
ǵɢȥٴδͨ
ʥ
һӣ΢Ц߽
ӷ񣬽ˮҲˣֻǳ̨ϵĳīЦеĵСֵܻ񣬺ǰֱƺȣ
ӭʥݰ٣īæʩҲһˣӶĳŵˣ
ʥ
èʥ
ͨóͨʼӵܣˣ
Ϊ˭û뵽ڳīĻϣȻߴʥӰֱ̫˸еˣ
èʥĳ֣˶е˼顣
ʥһ˸е𾪡
ţߴʥҪֵĽ𣿡
̫˸еˣߴʥĴ˵СͰңû뵽гһգҾȻܹۼǣ
ʥèʥȻţô˵ľͷûɱǣ̫ˣ
첻ߴʥȫɣ˭ûѩԴʥţħʥͺʥӣĴˣ
ǰȼ̫ӳԾ
ߴʥǶ棬ûʲôѡʥ껹ֻʳǡ벻ǾȻϿɳī
ǰЩˣȫ̲ס˽еǷ𺳣Ըӵĵز
ʱٴδѩԴʥţħʥʥ٣
һλӵܣõǼ֣
ڴʱ˿̣˼ҪˣûΪüֲʺϡĻʳǣǰִ˵ĵüݺʥĵȻΪ
ΪǵΨһһԴʥɱһͷĴڣ
ֻս˾η
ߴʥȫˣ
ī۾תŸжĹâ
˺ܶ˾ϲߵЩˣȫжĪ
ʥΪ׵ߴʥȴһ޴ľϲ
ҪʲôҲҪ˵ʲôֻʥһվ͹ˣ
Ĺˣ
ûϵ͵ˣѾӭȥ
ֻһʥλȻЩԾ˶ݡ
ߴʥǾ˵̫ˣ
ǽΪīģ磬Ҳγһǿҵźţ
ߴʥ壬վͬһӪģ
㣬˶ףߴʥӦסǻˣԥˣ

ֳˣѾ𺳵ľˡ
˵һʼī˵ЩϲжȾ˺ܶˡô˿̣ߴʥīľϲȴ𺳵ˣ
īҲ׼̨ǰȥӭӡ
ǱߵĺСӣ𶯣ǽǣţˣ
ţħʥĵӣеرϣŵǣ
ϵ͵˿Ѿ߹ȥˣֱӸߴʥ
ߴʥҲܸӣʮ㡣ЦĶϵ˸Ǹͷ飬ǰǡ
ϵЦʥ˵Цˣʥֵ˽ܼ嶼ԣ
Цİڰ֣׻˵һСףͷ㲻ѽͷֵ߸㻤
仰һڳ˶סˡ
ڣȫһԾĿźӡȻԼĸס
ϵҡҡͷܹһˣܲܳɣû֪
һΣڶˡϵȻȳ澳
һ𺳵Ϣˡ
澳Ļ壬û澳Ļ壬ȫ
仰˵ȻֻԻƣסˡڸ˵ǶǳīĹ͡ûгīĻ϶ǲУ
ϵγ澳ɹĻôû˳ī壬Ҳ׷
Ҳûܹĵλˣ
Ϣֱӽ쵽Щˣ𺳵ô֮ǰľѹ
˵һܳɹɲ˵Ц
˵ţһ֡ǱѩԴʥֱӴӴռж§һˣ˸߸ߵϿա
һŮӣһ൱ŮˣһɫȹĻ϶кܶ˾ãһǸŮ
ȴޱȵĲϣ
ϵƣͬݺĹһ㣬ǧֵġͷ׷Һġ˫۽գϢȫޣȥӦˡ
ܶ˿ȥ̫ţһӦߴʥףسīģȷǵģȻһˡΪ»
ڳĺܶˣһϳ̫ŵݡ
ϵ͵
ϵʧӲƣ
ӼҾͷ̫ϡӲƣ
ϵʮԪʧ֮󣬳澳˰㣬ʱְ˵УӲһ
һΣѾǰˣϵ
Ҫ赲ϵ̤澳
ԣ˫֮䣬óƺݣҲ֡
ڳˣȫ𺳵Ըˡ
Ӽ֮ǰˣ塣ӽ󣬿϶һ겻ˡУӼҵ̫ϣͷӲһֱûг֡˵ںӵ˵Ĺ£ˡ
˭û뵽ȺֲǿߣȻٴλɱһͷ
ܹɱһ棬˵żȻΪˣսꡣô˵ӲơԻ޾µһͷȻҲˣվһǿƵľͷ
Ҳˣ

֮ǰ㶯ûд˵ߴʥɱӲƣûдذĳ̶ȡ˵ߴʥսѾֱͨˣ
̨֮ϣīҲ𺳵ˡ
ڰգѾĲľͷʬò
ʱӲƵʬѩԴʥ˻ȥ˶ۺ첻ѡ
ͷ

ߴʥôͷʬûлġ
Ĳ˵ֻ˵˸е𾪡
̨ϣīһȭлһݣ


1531 
Ӱڰ֣ϲͺã
⻰̫
һǰ˫ħ˿Ҳֻܸʰ·硣
ɱһͷΪѵ»Ȼһһ䣺ϲͺá
֪жŮޣź۷Ź⣬ţܼ޸ӢŲĵǹ죬ոǻīء
ӽ˵ͷʬֵҪáҿ͸ɡ͵ֲ񣬶Իɵ˺
ϵסˣҲסˡ˼ͬʥʹð
ӷŰۣ˵ͷСͷϲǸ˵治Ҫ
ϵ͵һЦӣʵûκα仯Ψһı仯Ҳǿī˳ۡſҲ˳˰ɣߣɲ˳ۣ˼ֻǸīӣ
ͷʬԳī˵һķԻ˵ÿɾʹˡ
еǲΪ˵ֶΣԽӲϵһУĸԽʬƳһĴɱ
ⲻ˻Ҫ裬ǾͷִڣǵСΪı
ûʲôϣܱȵǵġ
˵ֶ֮Գī˵ֵܴ飬ǼģȻ̫ᡣ׼˼õ»ˡ
˵ţֱóһĺӣȥľʵġΧˣȫһ𾪡
ϵʧ⡭Ƴɵģ
˶һ𺳵ı飬ȻӵĴֱʣٴξˡ
׻ƴƮ칬Уһȴһ硣ҪɳҪ¡ҪǣǻģȻǾͷҲûô׼ǵ
ԣⶫޱϡıˡ
ӹһЦͷءǽ軨׷ˣȿȣǵӷġţԣǽģ
Ŵԣڳȫһı顣˵̫ܳˣ
ƨĽ谡
˵ӵѹΪ͵ӣ
Ȼһȫԭ򣬵϶档
軨׷𡭡ֵܰɣ
ֱˣ
ǸӸеԾģںӱѹô֮Ȼϡ
ͬʱǸӺװŵĶˡ
Ҳӣֱ˵棬һٿŲ
ȫ̲סſͣĿɿڴĿźӡ
һƬţ̶һƬȻ
ľУӶˣ

ΪһֵҩȷǴڵģֻڴ˵У
ΪǾͷҲûӣ
֮ϵʿȫ֪á
ⵤҩ֣Բ
ǵģǲ
ʲô׵ĵҩ֮󣬿Ϊﵽʲô硣ȴһֱȥ
ȻǾͷֵҩҲޱȿġ
һšֵ޷
ȷ˵棬ڶʮԪٵʱһŲĻôȻɽʧܣҲǻ
ţδϣ
˲ĲɽʧҲãԪҲãȥ
ֵҩɴ˵еҩ
ŵ˵һŲͷ֮ս
ڣ棬Ȼһٿţ
ӷ𣿽ֶīҪ
ʱţħʥһԵ˵ⶫϻİٿšͷ˭ҪԿö˭Ҫī͵һٿŵҩ⣬Ҳ⣬ɱͷ
䣡
⻰ֱͬƽһףֱӽȫĿɿڴʧȥ˼
ţħʥĻޱߣ
ⲻҪ
Ҳߴʥ߱ɱͷ
ؼǣǵУİٿţ
ҩʲôʱҲѰĵҩˣ
һٿŲĶģ
꣬Ҳֵֻ̫ܹҩİ
ѵǣ
ȫһĿźӣͬʱ۾Ҳȫ¶ȵĹâ
㲻ȥīһٿŵҩ⣬ߴʥİٿأöôҪʲô»ȪҲҪҳ

һҪһţ
ʱ򣬺ЩĵЩҩ̫ġ
еˣһһҪֱĳ嶯
ǽģ
Ӻ̫ôô˵أⶫ˵ͽˣ
ûꡣ
Ⱞ԰ڵӣҲ¶šųīԭʼžһһ𾭡
ͨ
ͨ
ֱֳвҲִ̼ܲһƨ˵ϡ
ԭʼžֱܸԴϹϵ
ޱȶʢķź͵ţܹ֮𣬲һԻԪΪԭʼžǶ쾭顣Ȼγɵ
ԭʼ𾭣һֱڷУԭʼȴһֱ̫С
˭벻žȻ䵽ӵ
ʱ˲ͻȻЩߴʥΪǿˣ
ҲΪʲôèʥʥˣ
ǸǲµΪʲôߴʥȫǿᣬԭǸӺ̫ϡȻǧ˿ƵĹϵ
˵ŶǴģû˻š
һֱǶΪӵľܱ̫ϵһ㡣ѹ˺Ժ󣬷ʧˣ˶²⣬ӦˡΪžʹ˥ܣҲһӡ֤
֪Уȴȫӵľ磬ʵͲ̫ϲܶ࣡
˵̫ϵĴڣ
ʧˣ̫Ҳˣ
ĶȴߴʥС
ôߴʥҲͺ֮ˡ
ֻڣǾȻҪֶīСѵ˵ǷӺ̫ϵּ⣿
Ҳô²⣬ֱӽľУī
ֳ𡢴ʥˡܶĴʥˣȫһеĿǸľСһ㶼ŵ˵ֳһϵˣõľС
գҲû˶֡
ΪԺУдһǡ
ʱ򣬺ӺȻ˵һ㱻ӡļ䣬˵˵ҪҪ£Լˡ
īýסӣоⶫʲô׻˵ڡΪ̫԰ף
һٿŲԭʼ𾭺ԭʼľУǹݵġ
ƺҲī˵Ļᣬˣֱ˵ЩɣȷǷӸ̫ŵġַӡ˰֮ܶ꣬ǰ⣬ڲףΪ˽аȳī͵ܡԭءϲҪԶսôǽһпɱ¾ΪԶսϣֻ˳֡ֱˡ
˵ţһ£ˣǶͨĴ˵ɣ
⻰һڳľˣһãȻģҲмˣǴʥҲһЩʥʿ¶𺳵ɫ
ͨ
֣ͨͨȴһռ֮أ޾˵Դͷʼ㣡


1532 ӵ
ڳľȻû˵ͨȴҲܴЩ֪ߵϸо쳣ˣȫϢźӣоºܲѰ
ӳ֮˵壬̫ˣޱ޼ʣʼա˵ڽӣӲ֡仰ʲô˼ҶҾͲˡ̫Ҳ˵ƵĻҵţ붼Դ̫ϵķԣ磬һ磬Ǿսȥη⣬䷲˼ǣͬҲ˼
ڳЩȫǵĴʿˣУΪģ𾳽ʿʥѾӰһ򣬵˴ʥ磬ǿ׾ٵĴһ򡣵ȻִڣЩ⣬ȻŸԵ⡣
֪磬棬Ϊģ˴ΪƵһ硣һ˫۽ҫŹâ˵δ֪磬һ棬˵ǸУһǡɳĹ켣һԸƷвͬվʱ򣬾гֵǸˣǡԼΪڳɳĹУͬľͬĹ¡Ǹ磬һЩ˳Ϊ硣
ڳľʿȫ¶𾪺˼֮ɫӽ¶ʵ̫ˡϸ˼֮£ëȻĸо
ܹ黹²ģҪô֪Ҫôʲôں
ӽ˵Ƿڣ֪ȺУҲ۲ݵġܸӦĴڣȴյľֻеһʿеľ黯ʵͼʿǿġ磬ͬû˼һطȴѾ֤ʵ˵ģڵġ
ӿˣǾͨ
ڳˣȫ¶˼顣һЩ˴Ƶ֪ߣЩϹȻû¶ʲôɫȫ𺳲ѡΪǵʥ˵ľ磬Ҳ˭˵ͨĴڵġ
ͨһ磬ûȥȴ˵磬ܺ󣬺˵Уž硣ͬʱһЩڵĲ²⣬ܻͨһЩ˫硣ԣ;ġͨͬʱźܶ硣Ȼһֲ²ˡ
˵ĺΪڳľˣǲ֪ЩġҲһ˼ʱ䡣
һᣬ˵ܶܶǰһʯͷ̫ϸӣͬʱ˰˵һ
⣬ī΢΢һΪ˵һ벻ֻӣԭҲһ
νֻУһ档£Ҳ˵׼֪ͷ᲻ƭ
ӵĻڳȫһ˵ϣô˵Ӹ̫ϵˣҲֻֻˡһǿ
˵ķڷӸ̫ϡ
⻰һڳ˺ǿԭ򣬾Ȼǿߵ̳ġ
һЩ£ܵһЩͷҲбԭ档ӵУҲ¶׷֮ɫǵʱѰѹһҪһߵġ
˵ľ񣬶Ϊ֮һؼˣ
ϵ͵ҲȫĿƵĿźӣ֪δرȺ١Щ飬໥ӡ֤һ
˵ںܶܶǰ̫˵ͨҪ̮ˣҪ١ԣеǿߣҪǰͨǱȥսȥ֧šΪ飬ϣͨڵġԣǱȥ
ڳЩˣȫˣŸͨȻбΣգ飡
飬䷲ˣһ¡˵ЩʿˣһӾ뵽һ⣬ͨǱˣôЩ棬ܼȥ
Ҳȫ뵽һЩԣ԰ɣͨıˣܿڵ磬ҲͱˡƤ֮ëɸ̾ϢһȻ˵ойط顣
£ڳĴˣȫһڵ֪ˣ
ֻӣУһ顣ڽ֮ǰû֪ӵҲû֪ʦкη
ԴʥͷսΪ֮Ľֱ죬ҲףֻӵȻǿǿֲ
Ϊ棬û˵Ӻ̫״¡֪ˣӾȻҵĴС֪Ҳ֮ࡣ
ͨô˵ءˣҪԼֵϷͿ⣬УԶֻءȷʵ˵ʵģӿ۾ˣ˵ԣԶս飬һƭ֣ģ
ˣ
һֱĴУʱһ͵͵Ϊʵ̫࣬ԣɲǼ䣬棬һȺ۷һһ
ʱ˴ʵʥԶսͷʹ˵ʮ£Ҳ𣿡
ǰʥ𣿡
Ǹͷʹʲô˴ʥ֪𣿡
һü⣬Ӽͬʥʿʳ
Ӱڰ֣潥
˵һ£Ҫ˵һ㡣ʮ̤Զս֮ջʮˡ𣿡
һ仰ȫóĬ·һɺ˳ǵĵףֱ
ȷʮջʮˡֱ֮
ԣһʱ䣬˶Ĭˡ
˵˰ɣԶսһ֮󿪷ţŵʱ䣬Ӧҡ£ԶսһĿռ䡣ȻǾͷ޷ѣ
ǵϣȫ¶Ȼ֮ɫҲ
ӵĻˡԶսȥȥ߾ߵĵط
һҪҪԼס˵Ǹͷʹߣʶ֪ӦһԶսʱ򣬱նɱĴܣû´Ӧһͷ
˻
ˣͬīڣȫ̲סһ
ֱ̫ˣ
һ澳ľͷϴڡԶսУȻնͷ­
ҪҪôֲ
ӽ˵Զս棬ֻˡӦûо磬ڵľʿԣʮˣȫġ
£˶Ĭˣ֮ǰԶսԣһ˺ܶࡣˣѾֱӾ˳ˣ
˵ġ
һ˵еģ
ЦЦʮˣ˷֮󣬻ͨ硣ЩǿҪ񣬾ͨͨЩŲ֮ĵڹ͡һλ桭ʱҪٵͨģˡ


1533 
ӻܣų׳ĬǣͨζŵһʱͻᷢսͬҲһǿĸ߶硣ԼĹϵһսģսĲпᣬŲ˵λҲ뵽ԣҪҪԶսҪҪѰһϰĻᡣǿԼȥҽֻ¡һ£ֵ»飻ڶ£Ǹո˵ˡǲǿԿʼȾˣ
ϵ͵ȫݸһЦҲ飬˵˵Щ飬ȫһˣδػͥڵ˵
Ҳֳ֮ģŻᱻӸִ̫ڿаɣ
ȻӴʼգûΪԼ˵һ仰ûȥ˵ⷬʵѾĶʿ
ȻĻԶսһΪʵˣȥʣҲдſ̬˽ȥ
ΨȵԶսرյһ̣ǲŻҪٵʲô
ϵ£֪ģҲԶսʱһԼˡҲԼˣԣ֮£ؽ͸֣ʵǲӵġԣԺӣʮһ𾴵
̨ϵļЩҵ˼ʣµĻϡ
ô˵أīⳡ飬ȷϽһռʢ¡ûк˵ǷĻҡ
Ҳǹ֣ʵһЩѾüˡһʱ䣬˵һգ۵顣ܿͻȥʱ˵ЩʿȫԶսôδĺܶ꣬桭ֳܶһޱǰ̬ܵơ
ûжؼҸϾɱһӸ̫ϣŴȱػˣǵУڲȻٶҲûϵзһ̶ϴٽķչ
糹̫ƽˣһûˣǸʱˣҲʧȥǰĶ
ӽˣûκģһ׮ӦþǷӸ̫ǲ뿴һֻ˥ڡ
Ҳܶ˺ܿͨˣԣϲ磬ȻһƬڡ
īˮʼƣһֵܣҲȫ
ˮŮڳīңЦ绨ڶȥǳī᲻Զս£ֻŽľϲ͸ж
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ˮҲ£ʵǰ󹫼ȥˣ
Ϊʵ̫࣬һʼû¡
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˵ţͻȻ䴫һҵ
󹫼еӼԶմ桭үҲܷģ
¡
䣬ͻȻһҵĺ
Ȼкܶŭʲôˣʳ£
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ܶ˵϶¶ɫһЩüͷ
ӣеݵλˣ֪ǳī顣ӣǳУͨ˵ҲǰšԣǶڲ²⣬ʲô˻ѡڽ¡
ī󹫼Ӧ죬һѾʧڴС
һ̣Σ棬գԶ
ֻһֻ߲ʷˣȼŻ棬ڸ֮ϣӰսλҲһȺˣڸʿ֮սš
вˣӴг
Σ󣬳˳īԣһۣü˵֧
īɫûǰɣ
Ҳ˵£Ұɣ
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ȻֱӻƬգ֤ʵҲһʥ۷ʿ
󹫼һ͵Ϯү˵ţֱһڻ棬ǵ
óīЩ𾪵ǣ֮ǰֻ𾳽Ĵ󹫼ڻ棬ȻҲѾﵽ˴ʥֻͻƷʽȻҲ˿
֪纣ףеõʲô
ڻ棬ǵӴ֮ƬնҪˡ
󹫼ǳһƿ׷ɳȥʱǼΧӰȫҵĹ
īҪ֣ͼһơʳǡ˲һֱӽⷽУʮ㣡ʳǻסͬʱҲӡһصʱͿռ䡣
һУȫ
ɫ䣬ٴһٿֱӳЩѹȥ
飡
һı죬Щʥʿ׷ױ飡
仰û˵ڣֱӱʳǵĴѹˣ
һз̫ˣ
ܶûüʲôѾˡ
赭дĳȥȻ˵ȥȾưɣ

⣬ʳǵĵ̣
󹫼򣬳ųī߷ɹﻹ֣һȺС֪棡֪˰ɣͺոɱЩ˵һ
īȻ΢΢üżЩѵΪַͨʽǣ
ȻǣӲ֪ʱڳīߣ̧ͷͷ񷣬Цһٻʳǣ±һӴô
īֱһҲͷ֮ϡȴûиӦԷĴڣûиκεѡīɿһۺӣ֮䣬źܴĲġ
ӵĻҲòΪ֮𾪡
һͷķȻˣ
ȻǱ𣬵һ٣ҲѾһ˲õˡ档
ʱ֮ϣͻȻһҵ˭ԭֻúҲߣˣܻȺ˵ʱ
˵ţͻȻʧˡ
īһۺӣˣ
ӵͷУҲ¶Ͼ֮ɫͷ϶̫ˣø㰡
ʱһ𣺡־ϵáȺ˵ʩȺҵȻڡһ죬ǻûǵĶ
־䡣
ܶ˵ɫ΢΢һ䡣
ڳīţ֧һ棬벻Ҳˡ
īһۼ
˵ͷûٶ˵ʲô
ʱ򣬵𣺡Թб˵ʲôڡţѳŻԭҪһ·ȻȻִԲ򡣻ͷ֧һؽ
ߣ֮ϣһмߡ
ţһնֱնīԵļ
ɱ㴫ˣ
һɱ֮


1534 ͻ
һķǳͻȻ
ּֿ
ޱȳءֻһѣȴһָо·һѹƬ죡
û뵽ںǵѾߵ£žȻͻȻĶԼ֡
ͬһʱ䣬ԭӦѾߵĺ棬Ȼٴν٣
ͬԼˣ
ͬʱɱżɱ
һɱ֣
ԵģλͷҪɱĳīļ̳ˡʴ
Ҫնϻδ
Ϊӹ񣬻δһļ̳ˣ˳ɹɱ
񵱴ѽ󲿷ֵȫ˼ȥҲ˵ȻûмλȴѾĳ̶ֳϣ̳ܴһˡ
ʱɱôˣܵĴ
ȺˡǺƣһֺ̣
ǰӳʥʿҲֻȺˡΪɱȺ˾Ȼ׵ʥʿ˼ֱ̫ʹ
ӵһŭˡ
о൱ûӣ
ոպߣϲ˵滹ЩԵõġ
þͷǰֱ˱ܡƣҲױȡ
ԷⱾһɱ֣Ȼû
Ŵеһλݺҹȥ
˲仯ﳤͬһƬֱƳһӰ
ӰǺǵ
沢壬ͬһӴսһ
˲俪˻ʳǵķ󣬽ʳһͬʱźǼ˵ӡ
ϵУ˸ޱɭĹâ澳ʧܣʹݷʵϣӣû²˽һֱݷţʱ׼ŵڶγ澳
죬ŭˣ
Ȼǻ֧УվżһѪҺǿϣϵôŻ֧Զ߸߷ɡ
Ϊɽ·ԶӴȴתۼ䣬ȻУɱҪȨλ
ֱϵҲڵһʱ䣬ŭһڿն
ϣɢŵ澳Ϣĳ̶ֳϣϵѾ޵Ľӽ澳Ĵڡֻûȥһٰˡ
˿̣ˣӳּɲǼ䣬Ѿӵ澳ս
ӡҪסնɱСսվޡǸʥ۷ʿ֮ǰΪīˡ
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ʮϱʥȫҪסĹ
ͬʱʥʥȫȥһ𣬳ǵ
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ΪīȺ˺Ӻʥֵ߸Ƿųī飡
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ֵ߸һֱͬģ
֮ǰһֱܵ͵ûй¶ĽҲֱӳˣ
Щعȥ
һжֻǷڵʯһ˲䣬̫ͻȻҲ̫ˣ
ЩʥʿûзӦ𾳽ʿһ¡͸оؼ峡򶼱ˣ
ʳǵĻǴˡߴʥˡͻȻ˼ɱƺնīʵնġ
һж̫죬쵽һĴʥӦ
ʱ򣬳ϸħƮŮ˵ķӦƶ
ǣҲڵһʱ䣬ֱӳ򣬼׻ƴȺȫס
ħ֮ǰϲļܾõŮһֱСŮߣڸոգĶޱѸͣסŮֱ֮ӳ嵽˳īߡҲ˲ͷӦЩǴġħͬû̧־һ
ʵ˺ӣӦģǳī
Ⱥ˵ķӦ֮ǰīǼ˲סƬءٶȣʳǷĿ
Ȼ¯ֽǸھͷָĶ̹˳ȥֱնǵ档
󣬲˵ĸֶ
ʱ䣬һ̣·סһ㡣
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ֻ̣ɲǣȴͬšīΣֱӾѾ˳ȥ
һ˲䣬һУޱʻ
ִĺ˲䱩
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òգȺ˵Ĳֵȷǳ޷ĵز
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˵ûкߴʥĴڣô죬ɣ
𿴰ڵߴʥûֱȥἧǳˡ߸̫ʢϵҲ̫ǿˡԾͷѹҲһġ
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ŭֳһֱӸֵսһ
䣬ذ
ʳϿ˼ӳֵ񷣬һӾͱˣ
һľͷ
ĹȻ֮ǰܹشӲƺԼ־ͷܱȵġ
ĺ棬ֵﶦʢ۷֮ʱԣȻһҲӵķֹȻǺ߸ҲЩܲס
٣ȫˣ
ī澳֮ɢâڣ֮¡¡졣۷սһ̳ױ
һ𣬽Ĺ֮ϣ߱һֱնһʥ۷Ļ֧ʿ
뷢ţԳīһֱĵ㺮ŵ÷һĴС
Ǳ߼ҪȴŭɶϵֱһȭɳȥѪޱȿ־ϵ㡭㾹Ȼ𣡡
ϵˣŮŮϱĴ֮գҪһ֮һףϣԶûк£ҪһҲȺ桭һĴ񣡡
ϵ˵ţϵϢֱӱǣͷϽܲ
һĻ㽫˸
ʳǷ󻤳µȺˣֱŴˡ
ϵȻҪʱ򣬳澳
ˣ
Ƿˣ
ⳡʢһɲǷͻ䣬Ȼݱӡ˶ʼδȺˡͬҲޱȵ⣡
īЦ⹫
˵ţֱӳϾżȺɱȥ
һˣһȺʥ۷ʿϵѪֱ֮ӽȾ죡
е߱죬նһ˿Ѿ֧Ĵʥ۷ʿ롣
һʥ۷Ĵʿҽжûüξֻʣʬв
ǳīĵ
ɱ
ǿֲֿķֱӽԷʬ飡
ȻǴʥͬ޷ֵ
ԣī˵Ǿ仰ʱĵڶѾ˼ţ
ǹɱ


1535 ϵ
һ貶Ŀǹ⣬ֱѪɫ߱ն
ʥۣҲɢŵ澳Ϣļ¶Ȼ֮ɫ߻ҪӦϵĿֲͼ澳٣
ϵַΪ֮£սϵˣûܹܿ
Ҳ˵۵ңȫҪ澳ٵ֮£
ԣüȺ顣ǸоϵֱǷˣ
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ּսһʼô׾ѵġ
٣īͲ뿪
˶Ҫˣŭ϶ˣ
īǺһЦһնȥ
һˣֻܾһѳֵ
꣡
Ӧϣ
߱ķǹɱֱն˼еѽ
ţīһֱնڼޱȼӲֱ档
һն
īһһֱնϡ
׼ͷֱۣ˲µ䡣ȴһ߲Ӱһߣ
󹫼
ʱ򣬴󹫼Ȼ˼սƷ
ַΪȺ裬Ҳ˿ɵֹۡǴ˵еķˣôСƵģ
󹫼Цһ߲ʵӡǡ
īʱȵʦүү뻤ǷУˣˣߴʥȫˣˣ
ħûκԥǶʲô飬Ҳīη١ˣ˲䳯ŻǷȥ
󹫼Ҳһ£˽ȥצϻץżŵһֱۡһĵⶫһʥɣֵǮ
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Ӧһõӡֱڻʳǵ۵Сʳǻ޾µ֮Ȼˣ
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վֻ˵ȴ
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ʥʿֱӱīһնأ·ĻǷ׹䡣
飡
󣬶ϳĽڵʥʿֱӱǷĴѹ˹ľֱӱգ
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ţǲʣǲ
Ϊʲôһ޵СӣȺ޵µϱ˾޴ѹֱϳֱ޷ͣ
ϵһֱӴһļ۷ʥʥǰޱȲʵŭΪʲô㵱شȴû
ʳ仰֮˾ѾϵˣѾˡ
ϵĵ˵һ䣺Ϊ潫Ļᣬȫתң
˵䣬УԲ޾ƣѾ׽嫲֣
ߴʥķѾﷶΧ֮⣬յˣ
澳٣ûԸմȾԽԶԽã
ŵϵ仰ȫо
ϵΪǿˣ
ԭ桭ĳˣ׻ˡһ澳۷ĴܣʮԪٵʱ㣬ûѡԾȣǽеġ͡Լĺˣ
ֱӻϵγ澳Ļᣡ
ıӣ
ѪУ
ǡġ˽
ϵ˵䣬̲ס췢һŭ𣺡񳯣˭ܵ澳
ûˣ
ûֵܹˣ
䣬ŵľͷʮƻʼϵģȫܴɣ
ʣ߸澳ڡ澳ΪһЩԭ򣬵䵽ʥۣǶǻӪģָܳԤ
ѩ겻Ҳ£Ӽ桭һ棬ͬ꣬ҲѾû֪ʲôطˡм崫жûУϹ񣬾Ͷ嶼ûйǵľ׼ϢǲԻʲô
жҲеֵģӲƣ㣬ֻ棬ѾˡʣҲˣ
ԣ֮УѾûֹܹϵ澳ˣ
·һƬϵĽ棬̧ͷϵ¶΢Цֶһλѣ
һԣ̾һҲ澳ľͷ֮һȴûлˡͷһ·ȺеĽ£Ҳ΢΢һЦȻûлᣬǸСպ󡭡ȴл̳²澳ģ
ŵˣ˿ҲѾɱۣŭ϶̤澳ƴ˰ɣ
ʣЩʥ۷ʿҲȫֹ


1536 ͷ
ϵУ¶һĨ֮ɫһ֣һϵĴȥֱӺ񷣬ʱգġȻܹһ·ʱ䳤һĴڣ
Уڷƴ
УϹӰһ̣ĵĿ⣡
Ⱥĺˣ
ǲϧһҲҪֹϵ澳Ҳû壡Ҳֹˣ
ǹǵ˲䣬ֱӲҽţ·ʱ䳤ӵĴڵС
īУͼң
ȻһץȥȻ뽫ֱץ
̫ˣҲ̫Եˣ
ۣ
ֱһѪǱģ
Ͼ͹˲ˣΪ壬Ѿ޽ӽʱ䳤ӵĴڣļ飬һѾ͸ץ˽ȥ
һץȥģ߸ʥ۷ʿǷޱȿ־ĲҽУֱ˺ˣ
һĻóīͷƤը
һ飬Ŀ򱱶̧֣־һ
һ˲䣬īܵޱߵĿֲһջֱۡȻ󣬾ķֱ֣ۡȻ˱ƺֻҪûһ£飡
ʱ򣬴ĲҽУīŹģ
䣡
ʱ䳤ӵĴڣһϵϢЩʥ˲ʧˡ
ϵһ
һĲ٣Ҳû뵽
̧ͷһͷƣƺЩˡ
澳٣Ĺ䣬ڸոһ˲䣬֪ʲôط
ӣľǴ˵еʱ䳤ӡ
Ǳ߼ųųīֱ۱һ˲䣬ֱӳųī֡
һˣ
һīɳȥīУڿѪȻв¯ս»壬Ȼˡ
ڱɵһɲǣīһڼŵ档
ŷһµĲҽУˡȻ˲ĸɱȥ
ţҪ߱ա޷ѣϵĵʧٶԽԽ졣ң߱˲ΧγһⳡֱӸıʱ䷨
˿ֻһ˲䡣ڼŵĸУȴǾǧôã
ʹ尾ĥĺСǧ꣡
գ壬ˡ
߱죬ø죬ַɻصīС
߱췢ıʱ䷨ĳ򣬳īҲѾܵˡ߱ͨܵ׷ʲô
ḧ߱Ѫɫĵī߱졭ô
߱촫īһ˿ůϢڸ߳īԶԼˣ
ǵģ
߱Ͽɵˣ
ǳ߱ˡ
īˣ󻹻ŵһҴʥ۷ʿ
ʥ۷ʿ˵һûбʱ䳤ӵĴھߣҲûбϵͳīڣģȥûܵκ˺ӡ
ģȴѾױˣ
Ըӵľءųī㱵ĵ㡭˭ʲô
īƲƲ죬һۣȻһһʥ۷ʿˡ
ɱ㡣
ī˵
Ƭգܲϵķڽ߮
ϵº͵Ŀһ۳īӣҲȥɡҪʼɽˡ
īͷ⹫ףɹ
ϵˬʴЦȻһڼ֮⣬һԶˡŴƬĽƣ䣬ʧ޾Ĳ񷾡ͷ
һʼѾƺõģ
ʲôˣʲôһˣͬһ֣һľ֣
ȺˣһƯս
ȵģ˭ȳܲˣ˭ȱ
У˲ʧԶȥ¶̮ĻҲ񷡣
һգȻĬĬз󣬷֮ϣһˣ𡣿ٵ޸Ƭ񷡣
֮޸񷣬ʺϲ
ԣҲգ֮䣬ͷĲ񷣬ָ
һΣ˵ģһ˵֡ĵʮԪĻۡ
һУȴֵõģ
ǳֵã
ֻҪϵɹ棬ôٻ꣡ʮԪ֮ǰûκġ
ңһս֮Զսʱƣȶ˿Ժ
īĹ˲ܵӢһĶԴ
ڻճһӵĿУѾ߸ϣһս󣬸ǵ춨޿ɱĵλ
˵лĹأ֮ܽλŵ˵㼧λڻӵĿеĵλҲڳī֮£
Դˣкȴûа
īǻѪæǰܵܣû°ɣ
īҡҡͷû£ϰˣ
ˮֱӳһһңסīȻһ۵ı顣
Ҳȴס˵ӳˣ
һѽһϧĿԼĶӡ
ųī˵Ƿһ
ʥ֪ųī˵Ҳǣ
ˣԼˣ˼ôīڰ֣ϻǲɱ¶һ˿ƣ֮ɫ
ոյսʼգȺ˿Ҳһʱ䡣̵ֱ˼飡
侳ĳī˵ȴǴ˼ôۣΪУʱͿռķȫǴҵġÿһĵ񣬶ޱȾ޴
ȥӢƥԺɨдʥʿʵϣּսīÿһҪľ޴кͷȵһϵжЩۺһ𣬱ΪҲ
Ҳ˵īÿһս
˿ģԶֻƤëܹˣҲΨ־Ͳεʿ
īһַ˼֮ǰƺõĵҩ֮󣬾ٺһЩЦҵĻ绹ûнɣ
˶΢΢һĵöѽʱ򣬾Ȼ˼
Ҳֻôһ˲䣬ȫЦ
ȻȻûнŸոտʼأ
ǾˣһûءīЦſ־˾ˣԼ𣿡
УһĨº͵Ц⣬ȻһˬʵĵͷȻ죬ĻϲƣҲǴߴʥĽӷƣǡǻһλ澳ͷĴϲƣ
ûī˵ţˮ֣ˣȻȻһģĴ󹫼ߣȾȥȴҵϲƿʼȣ
󹫼һģСӣĻүûϣϲƣүȣߡһݣ
ԶԶԡ죬죬졭һ죬ʼҴ磡һݣ
һݣһΣõ˵Ӧ
йЩˣһ˲䣬Ƿˣ
ˣٴȥ
һΣЩ󣬰־ͷڣīȫ˳׵ı仯
ͷ
ǵģһľͷ
Ȼûн澳ϴڡţ֮˶ϳīƺš
ͷĸ֣֮


1537 Ҳûʲô˲
һ磬ˣ뵽ҵĸ߳״̬ⳡսǵûнǰЩŵǳ׵̤ʵʼϵֱӳ澳ľͷгīѳͷĺ֮㡣м仹еͻʴֳ֮ƶ档γˣ
ԣ棬ȫȵޱȾˡǶڴ̸ţҲʧȥֽ;н
īžƱˮĴơʾɣһû¡ÿһˣеĽȻܺʱÿ˸ī֮󣬶ܿġ
ǰīº͵ЦЦҲЦЦģѾǸ˵ҸվԣһĨϧԴӽƮ칬ôʱ䣬ҲãҲãҲ˵˳īЩĸ־īйٺա󣬳īֻѡˮŮ˵һ£飬ǿ󲻵õġ
ԣжٻôһеźҲ˼Ҹ磬ܹͨЩ顣ûȥԹԹصĹʲô
ͬҲˡȷϲīһֱ죬ǷϲȻڣȴ̫īĳɳ̣ҪЩ꣬ڡֱգļȻͣڵꡣмһοհףʲôֲܹġ˵˳īЩ꾭֪֮ī֮䣬Ѿǲˣ
ȻīڣҲӦʱһ飬ˡ˵
һܿ߾ģųīһ˵
īͷţ
ԭϵŮܹһƮҡĹվȽŸҷչ׳󡣽Ҳī
žƱɫ΢죬ˮҾλһ
ˮ΢Цŵͷ˱оơ
˵ǺˣҲҸ
ЦЦ˵ҲԼҸ
㲻ϤȴǺ֪ڵˡ˵ϲҲ˵ᡣ˵ǳīϲģǾȫȢҲ޷Ķռ˼Զûˮôء
ˮȻռǿҺܶ࣬ȴΪԼǺߣԣ֮ദĺǢŮѾáֹϵҲɷˡ
ī󣬾Ƶƺǰʱ򡣺˲پƵƵź֮ɫҲݵˣû¶̫ණֻǳƵųī˺ü
̹Ȼ̫࣬һ˼Ѿȹȥ̫ࡣԳīҲһ̹Ȼ
תתīչ֮󡣲ŴλˣǱȥ
кܶ꿡ܣīʶһ¡ǵУвĴʥ
ЩˣҲ߳ƹ˳ʼӹܼɵĸȫǸеĶ֮š
ʵȺˣľײ㡣ǳһīͷȺϵĹ⻷財ҲԳī޹ǳīոսոǶʱ䣬ųīϵĹâǿʢĬҲʼࡣȻԳīмˣѾԽԽ١棬Ѿûˡ
ԣȺ˶Գī̬ȣǳȡ
ⳡ磬һֱš
ҹ
ӵߴʥ
ߴʥϿԵˣܸоǶƣ
ǵĹ棬һɽХĽк
ͬˣһһ˶ھٱγһǿˣӭߴʥնͷߴʥӷ磡
߸е㱻Ūˣ
֮ǰȻҲкܶ𾴵𣬵ȴȫû״̬ǶǳϿɺͽ֮󣬷ĵֻ
仰˵ǰǵԼˣ
㣬ǻܹĸܳġ
ߴʥ쿪ʼʼնôܱ߸ͬϿɵˣҲֻгīһѣ
ʵϣҲߴʥľô߰ĮǴ𣬾źܶɵҪôǱ˿־񡣾ö֮ԼҲеᷳˣɴ಻κ
ʵֺγܹϿأ
飬һ֮նѡΡΪδΣѵ壡˵嵱У̺İء˵һʿܽ⿪ܣôҲͲߵ߷ˡ
ĿǰΪֹ̫־ߴڣҲ˵ܹ⿪ȫܡ
ԣܺȻ°ıźӵģ棬ʵҲһܹΪ࣬ұܵġ
ԣĻߴʥƬ֮󣬳˺һë֮⣬ʣ»εʥȫЩ졣
ҲȫˣֻƬ̣ŮнӹƱȻһٱֱӳ
˱оƣ
кٴһƬ
ʥ䣡
ߴʥ䣡
ߴʥӣξǿУ
ߴʥԼˣ
ең
ӿųԼ߹ĳīЩκĴʲôôоЩˣһӾͽ˰ǣ
ʵǱͽˡֻǲҽӽһսҲ˶Ѫˡ￪û̫ĿԼ⡣ˣҪƽոӷŵÿˡīЦŴ͡
ӵʱˣྫ˫۽棬Ҳ̲ס¶ĵЦ⣬ºǵʲô³
Ǹ¡ī˵
ӷ˸ۣСȤ϶ǱˣȻܻ𣿵Ҫṇ̀㶮𣿡
īǳ˳飬һۺӣ˵ݵλĴڣ԰ں
Ǵʥ˵˵īһΣûôֱʵ
Ӷʱ˾ǺһƣȻʼһµĸīֵ߸ΧɱǵĹ
˵Ȥ̵֪˺ܶ࣬󣬼֮ڣֻʣºһ˵
û˵ľͷȷֲϼһһѹƵ߸ֵܴңľͷ̫ˡ˵ͷһͷɱʥ治ǿţ
ֵҲǳسģһϬĬնǸҲ߻ءܡˣȥһӣ¹մķ飬
˵㵸ںȾơ˾ٱʾ⡣
ܿӵĻǿģȫһٱҺţʥ䡢ʥ޵Сʥ
Цĺžƣ˵̲ס̾ϢһҲãҲգǸ˵ǿһǻܴùҪǱ٣ǰ߸Ҳֻˡ
棬ܶ˶ųĬ
ʱ򣬳ī˵ûϵ߸أǧǧʿͷҪһеĻͳǵһˡЩͷ֣һ棬ҵ游ΣӲƱУֻ󱻻СǱ纣¶ͷ˵Ҳˡʣôһֱ죬ΪǳծڿԣͷҲûʲô˲𡣡


1538 µĺ͸
īⷬǻ˵ֻ⵽޾ĳڳī˵ȴΪ֮ܣѪڵĸо
Ӵ˵ǣǧǧѪ飡
棬ˣȫ̲סܶ˶оԼеѪȼգڷڣ
һ۳ī̲סЦ˵һҪλãҪԼúܶ౶ôʱĽӴҲ˽īƢ֪Լܣ˵ʲôԼλġ
Լøȥɴľܾ
ڼ
īⳡ磬ѾһʢᡣͬʱҲһ޴ת۵㡣
ǻ壬򣬶ųīⳡ磬һȫµʱ
֮ǰЩҡڲġġԻٱһ⵫ȴμⳡһ̣˵ȫоųϣѾ׵˻ߡ
Ϊֱ飡
Ҳ˵ϵ澳ֻ˵ߴʥһμᶨվڻһߣǾ˵úܶԭҡ˳׼ᶨˡ
Ի˵Ҳһ¡ԴĴʧܣ֮󣬻Ѿ̫Ըѹѹڵ˼ͳ򸾣Ҳǳīͯ׻ƴ˽ĸԴڡ
һпѣ춼Ѿʼȥٹ֮ܶѻ˵Сٹ꣬ʧʱ䳤档Ҫϵҵڣǰͷ̫࣬ӰǰٶȣҲӰԼġ
ųīλˣųż̸ЦУҲ¶˿ĵЦݡ
ǰǲδкܶ಻ȷأûϵһУǶԡһ
ʢգ˶ڵȴ
ȴϵĹ
кܶˣרڶϵɽǱߵĶʱὫµϢݻ
һж˳
ûоͷгֵ֡ľͷȫ޷ٴγˡõļͷҲóȻ֣ص֮ǰǼͷĸޡ
򡭡ˣȫоؼķ˲䷢ϸ΢ı仯
ȻǿһĻ
󣬸˲
𣬵ӿһɲǣ׷ˣ
Ͼͷеģȴûм˼ͷɵһ̡˿̣ڼʶˡ
ؼǹ˶ĳȲѡ
Ǿͷ𣿡˶еǸ뵽
ϵɹ̤澳ˣ
һ˲䣬ͳ˵ǰһ½ϴڣһľͷ𣬾
ϣûͷųκεѹûųκεĹâûд֮һͨߣƾվݺͣޱϲ
ˣ˵ͷȻ˲ʧˡ
䣡
ʳǡˣ˲ˣ
澳
ٴεһ澳ľͷ
⽫׸дĸ֣
ڼͷ֮µľͷˡƵңҲٴŻ
ޱȼĴ磡
ⳡϯǰ˶ʮ졣뵽β
ڸǵʱȫ뿪ġǴӴӻõԼҪĳŵ
¾ͷĵ֮ǰҡڲѩң˵ѩλͷ棬ԸϵءҸѩҼһ֮ѩҸͽˣ
ӵĸ׼ӼңƺҲһϢϵɹ澳ȻӼˡ
ڽңԭ֮ĹϵͷǳܣҪˡ֮һֱû뿪ڵϵɽ١
Щ˴֮ǰѾ콾Ҳ̤ʵΪԼ֮ǰѡе
īߵģԼ׻ƴǱߵ
µģû뵽о˶ܾˡ
ֻгīЩѡһȥ꣬󣬶Ѿˡڶǵľ类µ̫ˣӦûĸһЩ
Щˣ˫ˮЩˣѡ˻ȥ
ǶԳī˵˼׻ƴվǵĹ硣׻ƴҲûķӡԣǾȥٶҲδػ١
ǺͲʵѡ£Ƕ׷īҪ׷ȥ
ƮŮۡ塢̡µˣѡع׻ƴʶ䷱֮Ҫȥһ¡
Ҳѡ£Ҫĸһ㣬ҪʦߣҪԼгһգ԰ﵽʦ
ΪǰԼĸ޾
޾ϵʱȽǸˡҲ˳ī˲پơȻŵܵأ뵽˻嵱СΪսʿҲǳҵ·
ѡ׻ƴС׻ĸʥʥҲܴ󷽣С׻ܶԴ
ϴŹЩҲī˸
ħһΣͬѡ˻ع飬ΪѾʶˡҪúԼŮ
һѩ˪СѾƋO½½áƽƼȵЩƮ칬ˣҲīС
һЩǵĿųīԶս𣿡
ҲȫһǵĿųīһΣ۽󿪡ʶ̫ȥ붼ûȥ档Ҳѧ̫µĶԶµĸ˵Ҳһ¡ͬʱҲ˳īٵΣգԶЩܹġ
˵ʵǾ㹻ߣĶѡ°īǶѾﲻϳīʲôˡīλãʵ̫ˣ
£˵ΪǣƳīĳ롣ûԼ׸ԣҲȺ˻϶ѡ˻عԭ֮һ
īˣһ£¡˵˵ʵҵڶûá
Ӧǣܲȥȥ𣿡һ￴ųīѾվڼߵλˣЩ飬Ȼһ˾ȥġӦǣҪúõĻţ
īͷţһúûţ
Щһһīӵ
ųīļ򣬳ֵܣأ
īһ˵Ҳǣ
󣬳īٴθĸٱǰī˲ӸһٿŲȫī˳ȥµģ뿪ġһšȻī൱أЩٴκ鷳ֻǶܻľһ㣬һ㡣
ûоܾ⣬ĬĬ¡
׻ƴĴһҾ޴սڻĻ£ʧǿյС
˸еģȻ˳ī־磬Ȼĸо
ηֿ´μ棬Ĳ֪ʲôʱˡ飬ȺΪиеͣ˶ܳΪ𣬶ߵľ硣
Ҳã޵еʱ㣬һᡣ
ԶսīȷЩԥģûоǲҪȥ
˶뿪֮󣬳īڰٺүү޵к֮ȥˡ
ޱ
绹ڣ
ιûй¶棬ֻʱ򣬽罻һˡҲǸ׻ƴһһ֮أƮ칬һʲƸ
ǵѾԲˡ˶ص˼ߡ
īˣм
Ȼûʦͽ֣īѾԼʦڳīʱĳɳУޱ̫̫ࡣɽ
ī֮ǰҪ̨ϵмţȴ˰ֹû
ڰе̫ˣ˲Ը¶档
鿴ųīЩпĵѾɳˣԶսǱߣҲﲻæˣǷҪȥȥʥ


1539 ʧ
ȥȥؼԼ뷨һĿųī飬ڰȻкܶΣ档Ҳδؾһǻ¡СӸոմ飬ڲ࣬Ƿ뿪ǣҪԼˡ
īЦЦҲȥĻ
ҡҡͷӦòɣ̫ҪΪϵһԱˡ㲻ȥӦûҪȥġ
㲻Ѿѹˣīʵ
㵱˶ţ˵㵱Щȥ˻⣿ӿһ۳īԶ޷
īҡͷʧЦ˵Ҳȷ̧ͷźӣ˵ǷԶսģô̫˵ģ
ӵͷ̫ϸ˵ģҲֻ˵ͨǱߵȽն񣬿ʱսһսͨ飬޷ģ϶ᱻ롣ҲһܸսʵڰΣյģӦԶսǵطʵ̫аˡʵǰѹ֮ǰȥһǸطϧû롣棬ӦȥľͷҵĥһͷĴ
Ҳȥīܼ򵥵ıԼ뷨
Сһ·̫࿲˽絽磬ɽ絽磬ٵ뿪׻ƴ򣬽򡭡Щ̫꣬ˡ
һЩˣ;Ѿˣ
ԳīжѣһֱĬĬţе־磬ĲΪ˳ʥֻΪѰԼˣֻΪ׷Ѱһࡣ
Բˡ
ȥˣˡеѣҲȫԼĻԵ׻ƴˣ˶ҵˣ
ôĿѣʢĻ񣬵õջ
˸ĸ׿үү廹ЩʱЦݣĸϵľϲˮ꿴Լʱֿĺ͸ж̫̫࣡
УڱѰҼǼѪµʱ򣬼˵ЩҲóīЩãȻͨǸطƺЩȻĵִ
ߣô꣬ҲˡЪЪˡ
ѡ񣬺ƺҲûжô⣬ֻǵͷ˵ʵܹһ°Ҳͦõһ顣
īʵʥ߸ȥ𣿡
ȥӵĻشն˵ΪǷ񣬶ǰֵ߸һΪѰͻơڶҪȥѰ̫ϺͷӡԴӵӰѰѹӡףͨʲôõطӲðȥȴҪȥġ
˵ţųī¾£úÿƬ԰
īͷ˵ǣҾԤףʥԶսܹ쿪ʤ
ЦҪǼϲͷҲȥǣ
˵꣬ʹʥȥˡ
µЩˣΪ̫ͣҪڶʱ嵽ȽϸߵľĻ⿿ҩǲеġֻһʱľ磬ȴԺ·ԣҲҪԼڷܵĸ
ǺͲʵԺЩҲڵһʱ䣬ѡ˱չء
ӵƷ磬ʢ֮󣬵һʱѡ˽бչءǵĿ꣬ǰ֮ڣʥ
һʱ䣬īԼλӣƺûʲô̫ˣ
ָоԳī˵Ҳʵĺܡ
˲ûѡڻʳǾסھʳǰ·̵һɽˮĵط
ؾޱŨɽˮ㣬ɫ쳣
īں߽һķӣÿǿ顢١塢Ȳ衢㡣
ʳǱн澳ϵǸԤȻģҲûĸͷ׵īˡӹĵǰݡ
󹫼żNɪһ٩ī䣬ߴʲôʱ޳
£ˮϲ˵Ҳ뷨ġ
˵īҲԼӦкˡ־磬ҪһӣסҲѡɲ֪Ϊʲô¹ȥŮȴһ㶯ûС
ԴˣīҲֻܸпԵֲɡ
תۣʱȥһꡣ
Զսˣ
ܺ˵ǷڵʱҲ˺ܶ˵Ŀ־塣ӵⷬҲȫ׵Ĵ˳ȥ
ûã
˵ĲѲĶ
ʿĸԶսǱ߷ȥ
ЩˣδȫҪԶսģǲּʢᣬԶԶĿһۣҲ㹻˴ġ
ߣǰȣûʲôͳһһˣȷīĲȥŷ
Ըĸ˵ֻҪӹðȣͱʲôǿȻǲīȥǸطġ
Զսһ֮ϢԶսʿȫһɿֲ˽ȥ
ʿҲ𾳽磬Ȼûһܹǹģ
Ϣ˸е𾪡ʱ򣬺ܶûȥˣٴ˵ǷҲˣԶսޱȡ
Ϊܶˣֻܻʮˣ
ֻһ㣬ͷеëȻˡ
ǿʿ
Ȼ֣ʿ˵ǾţһëЩȫľһԶսͻǵ
ֱ̫пˡ
ˮԴȫʮָп
ˮųīң˲ȥľ
֮ǰҾ룬ҪôȰ¡
īЦЦڣĶȥ
ŮȫһӯӯЦ⣬ǿġ
һҹīķҹѳɻ飬ȴδйͬҵľīҲôơ
ڶ㿴īüͷһֻģסī֣ʵôˣ
֣ҾȻһΡīüͷ˵μˡ
جΰɣûµġǾڸ𣿡˵ţչʶ׼ˮţɫ˲ͱˣųī硭
ī꣺˶԰ɣ
֪ˣ꿴ųī漴ʶֵķΧ
ҲѾǴʥʿˣʶĸһ
еֵǣˮǴʶʧһ
⡭ô£һ¶֮ɫ֪ˮǲԼ뿪ġ
ǣ˭ܵԼīˮߣ
ϸ˼һ££ֲ̫ˣ
ʱ귢ֳīɫ죬ֱʵ磬ʲôң
īЦˣǲΡ
ţ
棬ҿһˣֱӴˡȻңҪͱȥԶս
ʲôԶս˭ôȱ£Ȼ飿᲻Щͷɫ쳣ѿͲƶʵŮˣˮͬáˮ£̶ܳȣ˿ȳīٵĶȥ
Ҳڼ¡ī̾˿ûͷȥһ游ɡ
˵һȥ
µҲֻн澳ϵܹһˡ


1540 ˭ڱ
ûϵ£Ҳһͷˮüǰīоͷ٣Ӧܹ֪ǶԷֵĲǱ㶼ܹܲ㶼Ϊεġˡ
ϵҲüͷ뵽澳涼ϴڵľ磬ȷĵоͼҲǿ澳֮µЩʿĪĳ̶ȡ
£ȻһͷûУһ˿ۼݲ
˵飬ֱǲҲӦ÷ģ
֮ڣӦôˡϵ˵̫
īҡͷ͸ˡ
ǰܡϵţȻüһһ
ţ
īϵȻ䣬ͬ˵ͨˣ
ϵУ⣬һšųī뵽
īԤģ֡Ҳµġȴʧˣʧĺ޵ԡ˵ˣɣûж˻š
ˣ˶ˡ׼ȷ˵ӦðѼȥϵ˵
Ϊʲôīһȡ
ϵ˵Ϊͷ󣬻޳֡ޣ鶼Ӧְˡ⣬ˡǱ˺
Ҳ˵кܶۿͨīʵ
ʵϣǸԤԲ֮ˡϵ˵һֱɣûš׼ȷ˵Ӧǣһţ
һߵģīʵ
ϵųīͷ

īһ£Ѿһδ֪ķƶˡ⹫־ͷĴڶ޷ݳ
ҪˮȳҲֻܽԶսˡɳīϲֱвĸоûϲָо
굣ǵĿųī˵ﻰҲȫóīԶս֮ǰŸո˵꣬ȥתۼͱӡڣڣȷˮʲôط
ƾʧһѰţ
ҲȥϵĿųīǲµôȻиıڵš
ī˵ϢץҪɱҵĻҲͬ̽ȡ
ŵ飬ϵȻףĲ뿴Լôոհٴ뵽ⳡȥ
˵޶ԵĻԶսرһ̣ǻץңӽȥī˵
ϵȻã˵ôԲ㡣
ǰֳīһ侲˵֮⣬벻бɡ
ֳϵ׽֣Ԥԡڳ̾һ벻־磬ȻΡνʱľͷ
īվϵ£⹫չ˺ꡣ
磬ңҪһ𣡡Ҳϵǰ⹫ȫ
֪ī϶ǲӦģԣϵ
ϵ̾˿ԵĻֹīȥԶսҲ˵Ǹ֣־Ĵڶ͸ֻ˵ԶսеֲпᣬԸеֹ󱲽ˡ
һĿϵ
һ˲䣬ϵͻȻɫ䣬ĺһŭȡ
⣬ȴһĴ
޾ĸ֮ϣȻ䴫һɿֲĲ
ȻϵȻ۵һһѪ
һλ½ϴڣȻһ֮£ˡֱ˿־嵽Ըӵĵز
ţһֻ֣赭дģصץСȻ󡭡Ѹٵʧˣ
һз̫ͻȻ쵽˼ĵز
īͷβǲֹǸֹˣ
䱬ȫвͻ¯Լеǧ֧ԮȻûã
һѹƵģ
Ͷˣ
ڳīѾԽ˾ͷˡ
ΪȻ澳ľͷҲܰѳīѹƵֵز
һڳīľʶըʶôСͷβһ¾ôΪҸ澳ĿɽͿԱԶսˣСŮˣȥͨˣҪǣʹԶսɱԹԳͨɣ
ţǹɽīѹƵһܶ˲ʧ
īһ԰׵Ŀϵϵüͷˡǿ󣡡
⹫ûĻīʵ
ʲôϵȻûһɻĿųī
īǵԼʶըظһ顣ϵɫѿؼǵڣ㲻Էݡ¸˽Ȼ޷ݣ
ˣȫʷһ˿ûдڹĺۼ
ܡǱ߹ġһͨˡϵһ̾Ϣһ˵
ҪȥԶսȻȥͨǻҪǴǣǾīն˵ɫҲƽ
ԭֻһˮʧѾҪȥˮȳټһ꣬ǱƵòȥ
кףȴЧ
һˣԼŮ˶õĻǻʲôϣ
ϵˣҲûȰ˵
Ϊµ񣬾ѾŭˣҪīһ𣬽ԶսΪﱣݻ
û˵ͱīܾˡ
⹫ҪһȥȥеκˣȥԶսر֮ǰ˵¡īһ˵
꣬Ĺģûоκˡ
ϵһ£⡣
񣬵ȷ벻
Ϊû֪ЩжԹľͷǷԶսֻʣһûȥôֻҪ뿪ͻٴٱķգ
ԣΪ˻壬ΪİȣӦ뿪
ӡϵЩ۵Ŀ˶ⶵҲǳھΡ츳׿ĺӣԭӦܵĿ䣬ȥеôԭӦеĶ
īȴЦЦ⹫İɡһĴϱģ
ϵеվ߹ᱧ˳īһ£Ȼ˵úӣ⹫Уʾɣ⹫չ˺ã
Ǻõģ⹫ҾͲȥǵˡī˵ţ˹£ͷȻһֱʧ
ϵĬãŻ̾ϢһͷǷ̡ȻӶѡ

Զս⣬򣬿һˡ
Ϊˣȫǹɿֲȥˡ
ޱңԶǺ֮⣬ԾͨһĻϢݻȥӴ˺󣬼û˸
īһֻ·ϵûиκˣ
ĸҲãҲã󹫼飬Ҳûиߡ
һڹ¼ŵǺУٶȱ¡ȹâٶȣҪ
Զսʱ򣬳īģһλ·ߡ
˵ϣɢ棬εš
īЦȻˣýԶսˣ⣬·


1541 սͷ
һͷ
Ƿһص˵ľͷīҲоΪԷ̫ǿˣĻǱ
һ棬ֱܵ߸һ嫵档һޱȾ޴ѹ·ǰϡ
˭īƽעˣ͸ϵĹâİףʵ
汫ƽһĮ˵
ƽī֪ˣְ棬Ȼܵ˷ɵһͷ
һвһоҡ
갵ľͷӼ̫ӲѾˣֻ棬ҲѾˡһֱ֪٣֮ǰ纣ô󶯾Ҳû֡һУڳīϹīȻû˵ȴв²⣬ҲѾˣ
ȻĻĵΪʲôԼ
ֱնѪ¸նȥһ嫵ĴѾɢ纣Сȫ޾纣顣
ԣϸ˵갵棬ְϵͷѾһõĹҲ˵ͷ֮䣬ǿƥ־Ȼ޷ѡ
ԣī˿̺ƽűƽ˵ɱң
ƽųīĿ⣬ͬһֻϣôôʲôԣ˵ˡ
룬Ӧ֪ҾԤеǸˡīűƽޱƽ˵ҾǸԻˡ
ôˣȻһоͶˡƽ˵ԣʶ㣬㻹Ծɣ
īȻһЦôǲǺ³ɱң⵽֮ǰֲķɣǲǺֱӱ
㡭ƽڹâе˲ޱȡһϴڵľͷ֮Գ˼ī˵Щϻԭ򣬵ȷī˵
£
ĳɱ˳īӰ쵽ܸӿֲɣ
ϣʹž޴ˡһսȻȴʥʿҪܶ࣬ɾ۷սȴž޴Ĳࡣ
˵ƽ澳ľͷڵһ£ӦþǶԻ֣
ΪȻǲ֣ҲδܹٷְٵĶȹǳʮԪĴ١ǵʱˡҲȷʵԻγĴ
ɽʧܣȴҲֲֿܵɡһˣһֱ죬޷ɾ
Ǿͷ֮սҲǻɱͷɡϣ˼ӳ֡ڶɽֹؼʱ̡ԣʱ򱻸Ԥ붼룬϶
īأ
ϴŵǸǿ
ΪǸԤԣ
ǵ죬ͨǸԤԾǼ٣ʵѾûôҪˡ
ҪǣīѾĸԤϵһЩͷˣΪָԤͬҲԤԽܵϵһһīʲô⣬ǲɵ˳֣ǻЩпֲѹϡǳֵǸˣֱӹϵԼһīˣô޴ͻֱѹϣ
ƽѾ˿ֲĵˣͬٷһΡҪŹīӲģ
ԣͼԼӴƥľѹīһԼɱ
ԻΪīɱģûֱӹϵҲͲķɡ١ⷴɵ̫ǿ
Ҫɣƽ˵һֱо
òҽĥıƽо̶ȣҲѾﵽޱȸĳ̶ȡһľͷⷽ棬Ȳˡ
ֻû뵽ǣīɳ̫ˣľǿ󣡱澳ľѹ˰죬Ȼ޶ԣһͳ
ñƽֽӽĸо·оһ޴Ц
ڷôŲֱܵӰʱȴ֣ķѾڳīˡ
ı磡
ƽһŬԼƽеڶַ
оôܾ꣬ôһְ취Ȼְ취˵ͬž޴ģżѹµҲֻôˣ
ƽĿųīȻ㲻ɱϸԼһʹĽ֣ǡֻԶˡСԶ֡ѿҲޱȵʹ࣡
˵䣬ƽϣͻȻʮյŵֵĳơ
ʮյƼ֮󣬷Ƭ˷
ÿһյƣһǳô
ʮյƣͬʮſǳ֮ϡɢϢһ˲仯һԨ
˲͸еϢ
ƽҧгݵĿųīС㿴ʮյƣҵıƣԽⷽ׸ȻֻάϵһʱԸ㣬Ѿǹˣ
˵䣬ƽֱӶԳīˡһΣ֣ȫ޼ɵһƳųīѹ
һƣݡһɾѹѹīеĳ·
Ҫˣīֳ߱죬ѪɫĹâһİڵһƥĵ⣬űƽֻƴȥ
߱ɢĵâֱӽ񷻮ǵޱȱĶַϢⷽնûҲɱ
ƽ͵һָоѾ̫ûиܵˡĴʥʿһкսѾﵽһͷݵĵز
ԽƽԽҪīֱȻĻһ˽Զսֵطĳɳ죡
īǳɳΪһ澳ͷôƬؼ䣬ܹѹʱŻ֮ա
¡¡
ƻһɽųīѹ
߱ƥĹâҲڸӡ
ƽĺһƺߣơʳ쳣ľͷ֮Ѫ
ţīϵĲֱɢʮ貶ĿââƬͬԨճ
¯ֱӿʼƽͷų޾ѹ
Ի¯˵ûʲôǲģ
ƽһȣֻ˵ƣȻѹ
ī澳֮壬ЩܲסϵĹǷѹ졣ʱпѡ
ǣһ˿Ѫһ˫ۣȴ⣡
ǲĹâ
ϣս³֣ǧͷųϡ
ǳī޵־֣
īֳ߱죬ݺնֻƣޱȵĵâֱӽֻƻһ˺ۣ
ľͷ֮ѪγһѪӣȥޱȵ졢ޣ
ʱīϵĹǣҲڿʼѿ
īʼ˴ڿѪ
ƽһ˫УޱȷĹâ
ʮյƳ׷ӡƬ񷣬ŭСȥ
ǹɱ
īһ䣬˲Ϣһǳ֮˳ֱӱȻɲǼ乴ʮյͬǳһĵƣ
ˣ
Ƭգʱǳ֮
Ȼ󣬳īһݺնֻƵġ
꣡
ǲ֪жֵ󣬾Ȼīһնϡ
Ѫͬ嫺һ㣬ӿ


1542 ܾ
ƽУ¶ޱ֮ɫͬʱ־ʹȻľͷȻ޷ܣ˵ĲҽСؽеôܣôܹҵı֮ƣ
īҲ˵ʵϣ˵Ҳǳء
һľͷܵ˵ĥʵҲԿеս
ǵͷҪƴʱ
ƽǱīǿŪˣ䵱īеȻܹı֮Ƶһ̣ƽѾΣҲҪˡ׵Ļɱ
ԣһֻƱն䣬Ҳ˲䣬ϴһֻµơȻ󣬱īնֻƣͬһӿѪҺֱӻ޾ľۿžҪƽջڡ
īʱȴķ
ķǿ֮˲¶࣬ȻƽƺѪ޾˲ʮ֮һ
ƽȻŭСҵĶ
ƥүүľ㣡īб
ȻٴһѪվǲ籫ƽֻɾЩȫƽһ˲͸ˡ
ˣƽȻ̡
ʼĴ߶һǿķҪīɱ
һ̣һɱϢֱ˳ͬһɱķ硣
գѾʮյƸ׷ӡˣķ磿
оıƽ˲ʹ˸£
֮
ʮյ֮ơȻΪīʧȥ˶Ƭ泹׵ķӡ
Ҳ˵ʮյƣȻƽģȴΪīã˾޴
֮˳ʮյƷķϾҪϡ֮ıƽ˶Ҫˡ
ϣ澳ľͷԻҪ֮档
ȴʧˡ
Ϊ̫ǿˡ
ǿīʮ⣬ȫû뵽һֽΪֻһ˲䣬ƽϾͱһīˡ
ۣ
ƽʱֱһѪ
Գīѹһ˲䣬ҲС˺ܶ౶
īֱӲƽƬصķһ˲һ˿ɶתҪ뿪
˫ٶȣֻҪһ˲䣬Ϳⷽ档
űɫֵıƽīָı⡣һ̣ˣ
ûߣֱе߱졣űƽԴݺһն˹ȥһֱɱͷɱôʹ죬īѧϰһˣ
ֵıƽܵǹޱɱ˶Ҫˣ
һͷȻҪһʥ۷ʿķɱ⻹
һ̣ױŭˣˣ
ȻҲҪƽţ˲䱩ǣ޾Ĵ򣬻ɱȫųīƹ
ȥƽı壬Ҳһڳ׵¶
Ȼһͷռ﷽Բľ޴㣡
ϵļ׿棬޾ĴġЩȻγɵģűƽΪԽԽߣЩ̺ҲԽԽǿѾ׷ˣҲɱīᱻ䣬γɵɱֱ֣óī˾ΣУ
һΣ
һͷʲô˵£ܹʩչɱУֱԵ߸Ƭ棡
ɱУȴֻһĿ꣡
ԣɲǼ䡭ī壬ֱӱˣ
飬ۿžҪƽĴĥ
һĥôīҲˡ׵ʧ䡣
ƽַ񣬸ī޾ΣͬʱҲԼ鷳﷽Բľ޴׿ǣͬһ޽Ĵ½˿ȴڲϳֹѡÿһѺۣݺγһֲԨ
Ǿ޴ĿУҲӿžѪ
Գīɱ⣬˿
һͷľģ
һ
µҲᱻ˺飬ûϵֶΣһΣʱӵ޾Դ̵ʱɳ
ЩǱƽԼµĺ֡ԣ£еԳеΪۣҲҪɱī
ī壬ڲϵı飬ϵıĥ
嵱Уеĵ̨ȫ˳һ̨ȫΪ˵ĴڣƮƬС
ͻ¯ȫޱȺ嫵Ϣƴڱųī
ʮѪ£˿ȫֻ㣬Ĺǵĸսȴȡڳīīʲô磬Ǳ⵽ʲôΡ
ԣʮѪȫӵͨ쳹صͨڴ˿̣ȻС
īͷ­ڣ
ͷ­ǧĵǳš
ƽǿֲĴ֮īȫĥˣͷ­ȴǳסˡ
߱췢ˣ
ݺĵâնɱֻ㣬Ѫ˳Ŵ嵱ʳƬҵУһӰѪӡ
ÿһݺἸǧ
ƽŭҪīͬھ
ϵĴ𣬷׷׷ųī
ȴȫ߱ն䡣żнӽģҲöĸ飡
һ泹ױˡ
ʮյƣ˿Ҳʼϵıˣ
˵ƽڿʼžͷȥīҲױĥˡ澳֮壬Ҳȫƽ־ͷһĵѹ
Ψʣһͷ­һЩ֫
ƽʵΪʲôΪʲôһܳĥ㣡
ī˿Ҳڳʹ࣬䵽ԸӵĵزƽãǱһ뿪ұȻҳϵкۼȻ㳹׵Ļҷ𣡡
룡ƽЦնҾк֡Ѱģ
īǺЦˣүүвһ˿Ԫӡǣһܰ
ƽŭ𣺡ȥ
˵䣬ĵһδӱƽǾ޴ıбǿһҲǱƽܹġһ
¯˲佫īͷ­ΧȻ߱Ҳˣ
ǧڡ
ǴīӲ˱ƽһ
һ棬ֱӱҡˡ
ս֮⡣
һЩΪġֱӾͱôڿѪȻޱȾԶսķ̲סšԶս𣿻˳ˣ
ԶʳǵϵͻȻѪָһ㣬϶ʱ¶֮ɫţһʧڻʳǡ
īƽսƬա
﷽ԲѾױһƬޡʲôûˡ
¯ͲĸƮһ߱һԭڵ߿ǳƮڸԶһ
ʮյƣҲʧˡ
ƽľ޴㱾壬Ҳȫˡ
īͷ­Ưսм䡣ǧģѾˡ
һƬգ״ޣȻ󣬳ſֲĳȻǾͷ٣Ҳѽ뵽
˺ܾá
ϵӰڳƬսıԵһۡͿԼͷ­
ϵ̲סһ˵ĺī


1543 ֤µ
ī·һԶŵĺһ̣˫ۡȻ޾ңԶ⹫
ϵŲ˼ѹͳ򣬳һ
īſͣһ⹫
ϵûͣȻųī
⹫̫һһ¡ûˡī˵
ϵγ֪ˡ֮ǰȫû뵽ʱ򣬾ȻоͷַīңֲҪɱ֣
ѾݳǸǱƽҲǻ֮һϵ벻ͨƽΪ˷ɱ˳īѵͲô
īʱ򣬿ʼһ
ĵ̨ȫѾˡʧˣ
ĵڣ
һУȫ
ԣܿ죬īһµ塣
Ȼ·գʼԼ嵱пٵ̨һ
Уǳһ̨ǧٴθֻһΣǧģǳīĵݳĶѾʧȥԭĹâ߿ǳǧĵϷͬȥ޹⡣
īϣû¶κ֮ɫ
ڿĵ̨
֮ϣٳ̨֮ɵһ˲䣬ڳīֱϲơޱߣ
ϵվһȵĿԼ
˵һͷ֮£ܱסһѾˡһлʣ¶٣Ҫ컯ˡ
īȴѾ֪ȻͷʣµĵʼݻȫԼµĵ
⵱̺֪ʶѾԽϵļ
ĿͬһֻʣһѪҲݻԼȫĵУҲָܻеս
ϵеľͷ֮Ѫһ̣ʼ궯
һȥ˵úԶΪѾӰ쵽ˣ
Ԥԡϵ˵Ӧˣ
īȷһĴڣȷʵԻ澳ͷȫ͵У
ϵī֮ż׽ѪϵȻɱܵ˲Ӱ졣ǻˡֻΣ
ϵˣһ˳ǧѾӹ޾Ǻӡ˿ѾУŸīͬѪ˳ҲȻܵӰ죡
⵱ֲ̫ˣϵ
Ǳеĳīұϣٳɵĵ̨
ǹ֮ʵɱֱӳұ۵ĵ̨С
ţؿڴٳֵ֮īݻ֮Ѿ׳Խ档ȫڳīԼĵ
֮ĵ̨ٳɹһ˲䣬ؿڵ̨УһСС硣
컯
ȫڳīԼ컯
Լ֮һ
ųīķתֱ˷ʼ޾ľ
⾫뵽īк󣬿ʼ̨Уͬһʹȥ
īԼϣٳԵĵ̨ҵľԣڵ̨ϻתÿһת˸貵ĵԣ
ī֮ϣٳԵĵ̨ҵԣһӾͽīȼӳֳޱȿֲһ磡
Уֿܲٵ̨ķʽͬ
ԣٽ٣
ټٵһ˲䣬֮Ͳ֪ʲôطͻȻڳīǰ
ڳīûиӦǵһ˲䣬ֱ˳īͷ­У뵽˳īľʶ档һʧӰ١
īʲôûо
ȫ֪֮Ѿľʶ
ȴָоƺԼϵĵϣһɲǣһӱøǿˣ
īվֱָ񷡣
¡¡
һ˳ųīۺ˳ȥֱӺƬƣ
Ȼڷ٣
ǸոγɵĽƣͬŭޣ˲Ϣ併ֲ
Ѿ޵Ľӽ澳ˣ
īȴȻ޾壬һƽۣӭ׵Ľ١ȫףϤĺ˳ī۵С
ޱңԶǺ֮⿴ȥī˶ǱһƬ׺ûˡ
ϵЩǵĿšīϵɱ̫ˣҲ̫ˣٵ٣൱ֲһ֡
֮ǰû˵ĸī֮󣬾Ȼɱ䡣ɱĹУͷܿȻĻͻᱻֲ
Գī˵ȷͬһ
ԽȥеĵԼķʽݻһߡǱĽܡȻѧᡣЩȫǳ׵׵ġûһ˿ʺ覴õģī
ۣ֮¡¡졣
ٵȻ澳ͷҲС
ڳīȴǫ̈̄֡Ѹٵָս
˿̣޾ϷͻȻһʮꡣ
ͻȻţеªϣż֮ɫﻹ̾š
һͷƷЩϡ裬һ˫͹ţҲǻɫġƤеڣȧǸʡȻһĨЦݣµ¿ųīɽٵһĻ
Ȼ治ǡǺǣȻô㣡컯˼Ľּʣ˫ȻܹݻԼĵĵϣҶƿأɰգֻҲͦȻܰǱܸƳҲˡԣҲͲȥµһ·ˡǺǣ
¿һۣȻһֱʧ
ûгֹ
·ĳī֪ͨһֱڹעȻ֪ͨͬīѽĵնȥңնĸɸɾ
ϻκ飬ܹܾһͷȫаɡ
Գī˽ܹһĻûôˡ
պ󣬳īһٶȻָ֮ǰ۷״̬һֳԽĸо
ָоΨгīԼ棬Ҫڣٶϱƽ˵ľͷĻīһϵİգ˵£ɹɱԷ
Ǳˣ
󣬳īջزͻ¯ʮѪȫ˳˯ͬӡһ㡣ī֪֮ǰһսǵȫ̫ˡ¯Ҳһƺ
īһ֣߱ջء
صУ߱촫һɵϲ֮顣
Ψ߱죬ʱ˿̣ȻžԵȻԸս
īһȻ󻺲ȥͬʱϵ⹫ҪģѾ׻ָˣĵĵȴǣ
ӣ㱣أϵʶ޾ңԶǺӣīľʶС
īû˵ʲôǳԶսڣ޷˵ȥ
ܿ죬īԶսڷΧ֮ڣһɾ޴˲䴫
īûһ㿹ܣԸٶȣԶսڡ
ͬʱīѾʼתɵķұۣһɺ嫵߱ĵ֮ϣʺѪɫޡ
ţīǰɫһ䣬Զսˣ
һ̣ϰٵݺݵĳɱ
īһЦ˲佫ɵķȥ
߱һն
ˢ


1544 ɱ¾֮
һʺѪĵâݺϰٵӰֱӺƹȥ
գһӾͱնˣ
дâӰֱһΪ
֫ϱۣ˲䵽ǣ
˵ѪƬ񷡣
Һ
Ƭգʱһĩվ
īڽ֮ǰѾ˱׼ԣĹǸԷĹͬʱģ
ĳīͷͷ֮£˭
ȺʿоԼֱùˣ
ǹֵģȴԶսľ޴Ӳ壬ʿģ۷徳硣뵽ս֮Ǹ֪Լʲô
Ϊ˭֪Զսգֻܴʮˡ
Զսеնɱ󡭡Ҳֻͨɱѡʮˡ
ɱԶսˣǳ˵Σ
뵽Զսеģоͷ顣ƾʵɱˣ
־˲ͳÿһʿͷΪ˷ֿ־ͷŭʱ֣ȻǴɱķ
Ϊ֮ǰҵ˵ԶսҪһ
󣬲ô˵ǵ漸ʻ߳ܶ౶ȻҪͨɱ٣ǲڵһʱȥ
ԣȺȫһ˽ǻ𹥻
ӣǹ֮µ飬Ҳмʮˡ
һΣīȺʿûκԥֱӾͶԳīˡ
һΣȴ˴ù
û뵽һߵˡԷһɷħͷ
˲ͽǵ͸ˣҲбҵʿֱӴԨС
һҵĴʥ۷ʿһֱ۱նϣĿѵɱɱ
˵ţһĵͷ­ֱӷһ˫۾ɵϴ滹ɱ֡ܿ죬һˡīϴѹֱ
һĹ򣬼ҵʿīɱһɶ
󱻳īɱļˣޱȱߵŭ𣺡Ǳҵ桭ǾԲŹģ
ī΢΢һ漴һĨĮȻ˵ԭֻĺˣ˰뱫㣿˵ôûΡڴˣֻϱ㱻ɱˡ
ܣһҴʥ۷ʿųī˻𣺡㵽˭
īī˵ţһʥ۷ʿ롣
һΡʥ۷ʿԻľһֻ㡣ȻϵѪҪһЩ
֪óԲóԡīһ䣬Ȼüͷֱ뿪Զսȥ
һȺʬ塣Զս˲пᡣ
һɱÿһˣǵˣ
ԶսѾһӣԳīһ˼죬ûʲôˡʬ塭Ǽ˺ܶࡣǧ
ЩʬȫѾˣϵķλܹȺȫĸʿ⵱оϵı飬˲ʺͿ־塣
ֻſһֶѣû
Զսÿһοʱ䣬̫ԶȻǾͷϢҲǷǳģġȻĻЩ˻лѡʵѡźӣûôĻӦÿԱܹνѵġ
֮ǰμӳīЩˣͼгԶսġЩڵУȻдˣ뵽
ԣЩ飬ͬעһ
īⲻʬ壬ƯС̲ס΢΢һ̾Ȼӿٶȣǰȥ
ԶսޱӴԭһǳһյĴҪµİ˴ܶ౶Ҳǲضá
⴦ԶսһߵһߣǹâҲҪܵм޾ǺӡǺ
Ⱥǿ飬жٶȣԽâǧٱߵǱߣҲҪʮ꣡
Ӵһս浱УȴҲֻͬ׺һڡ滹޾δ֪ռ䡣ЩطǾͷҲȫ߱顣ܳ˽еܡ
īһֱ˰£һǿʿ
Уɢ޽ӽ澳Ϣԣ﷽Բ֮ڣǧƵʬ塣⵱УȻһϵķΣһģһ
īһ£֪ʲôЩȵĿʿ벻Ȼʱ򣬾ͽԼȫɱˡɱԣֱħˡ
٣гī˵Ļֻƴȥǡ
ᶯɱԼˣ
ǿʿҲ˳īĿУֱ˸ɱ˵ɱЩ֮ͬǰҴӦǣһ㣬һҪɱ
ʶңīһʿúӦǴûġ
ĳӣô᲻ʶѵĿҵݣʿĮȻһЦҵһѪͬ
īʿǻ֧
֧ôʿǣһĨмЦϵ½澳˭֧˵
īҲЩмЦЦϣû
ǰûԣǺޣϵҲ㣡޲ھȫ˲źáʿ˵ʲô֧崫޾£ǵճһУѪһôеĻѪһôôˡңȫһȵĺˣƾʲôǾ͵֧ƾʲôǾ͵óΪ
Щ˵һҲûСī˵
ǰȷûʲô塣ʿ̾ϢһɱȫˣǵĻѪǺǡڣŵ˵еĻ弧Ѫ϶κһճӵ١ôǱȵճӴĵճӵô
ͨɱԼѪԼøǿΪԾɣҲҵ֡ī˵
ӹȻΪҸㆪô죬Ϊ˸̸أ֧ʿһĿųī㻹̫ˣȻսǿ̿ǣڣܣҲѾӲˣ
˵ţһӰ޾ңԶĵط
ӰУɢſֲƣһ·;ǳ׷ױ顣񷵱УһĹ֡һš˵Ľ£
īСҵˣ죬㽫ںҵУߣ
˸޾ңԶǺӣ㷢˳īֱӽīȻ󷢳¡¡
ͷ
һľͷ
īͷ
Ȼ֪֧ʿʱڸʲôҲ뿴ܹʲô֡ȴû뵽ԷȻһͷ
֧ӦѾǳͶ˺ļ塣
֧ӵޱȵĿųīһ̣۾͵ĵɴ󣬲˼У޾Ŀ־塣
Ϊīһ˹


1545 
һ̫ˣ
ʶһʱ޽ӽ澳ΪѾκηӦˡζû뵽īһͷȻеɱһѵͲͷ
桭ҡ
꣡
ͷǣ
ֱӽ֧ʥʿȵĻն˻ȥ
ͷ­ֱӱīһ롣
ͬ壬īһһΪÿһ롭಻١׼Ըӵĳ̶ȣ
һ̫ˣ
޾Ǻ֮ĺ棬̲ס΢΢۾ԥĶԳīˡ
һͶļĻ֧ûа㲨ļĺˣȫ⣡ãͷԶˡ
ΪգƬսϣֻܴʮˡǱȻҪռһġˣȫϡ
īһ֧֮󣬽ֱӽȫĵ£˲Ϣ䣬Խ޾ǺӣԶȥ
ԿһľͷԣҪӡһҪӵԶԶġ
󣬴治ŲæĴ֮īɣ޴ӡ
īҲֱӳԶȥŲôأԶսһҪͷ档׼һֱСսȴڡ
ҪΪ
һӣ꣡
Ϊһߣ֮ڣܹˣҲֻоͷִˡҪʱ׷Ҳûôס
Ҳû뵽īٶȾȻ쵽ֵزˡѾԸ澳ľͷ
ʱ䣬ī˺ܶʿϣһսȫûӰ쵽ٶȡ
УīϵļĵУϵķҲѾʼŵϵĳšȴʼղôһ㶫㶫ʵǸ߲εĵ
īԴˣҲҲûá
ȴЩżˡܹоǸСĹڲϻĵСȥٹʮ꣬л澳ˡ
ʱܹնɱīͬܵ޴ǣ
Զսɱīôɡ£Ѿݳԣ¶ģһҪ׷ϳīɱ
ʱֹȥһ꣬һ굱Уλᣬ׷ϳī
ΪīҲǿĶ֣ԷƺġȻûΪ澳־ͷһսȻȳī̫ࡣЩˣԳīҲ˲Сġ
һΣīһƣ˲ᡣǴ֮ǰɱʿϵõһȥĴʥҩīĻ޾ΣС
ãīһˡ
˵꣬ī޴Σˡ
ΪǰһͷĴڣ
Ϣѹ﷽Բգɢֹâֱӽͬһ貶Ŀֱӵľ޴ǣ
ڳīֶԷͬʱͷҲ˳īԷֳīʱ䣬Ҫһ㡣
Ȼֱ̽һֻ֣ųīѹ
ԶսûκԡԼ顭ȫǵˣ
īпЦһ浹ù
֮ǰЩʿ㲻ĹһҲ㲻ͷĹ֪Է˭ԷͬҲ˭
һ֮£ͬٽ٣
ݣֱӳȥ
ī壬˴Ĺѡ⻹֮һǿܶĽ֮ǰͷһ֮£īȻѡ
ۣ
īĿУڵѪ
ʱһֱ׷ɱīĺ浽ˣ
νĵˣָ˫ʶ˽Ӵ
ڽӴͷһ˲䣬ûκԥתͷߣ
׷ɱī˵ѹʱ򣬶һͷɲԸ⡣Ͳͷ棡Ҳ֪ī϶Ƿˣ
һͷһͷʶΧдĻᡣ
ͷҲ΢΢һԺ뿪Ҳûκξٶ
治ʱϣͬҲ淢ͻ
ԶսУѾ˾ͷ֮һǱû֮ǰʵѾĬ
Ҫģǽͷ֮µ飬ȫɾ
˵ͷ֮µ鶼ɱ֮ľͷҪʮʱ򡭡ͷ֮սŻ
ڣʱء
ԣͷ˺ȥһҪīɱ
ҲЩ⣬Ϊһ֮£Բ澳ʿȻûҿȥܵҲ
ţԺηͷǿʶ׽īסȻֱӿѯʡûмɱ֡
īһѪޱߵѹ˵ľǻش򡣡
ţû˵򣬱档ͷȻųīԼȻʵԸҵ£
㲻ɱңīЩ⣬ԳľͷΪʲôûжֱɱ֡
ԶսͷȫӦҲʮ滺˵ԣ˾ͷ֮µ֮󣬷ʮܶռܵסҵһûûˡ˵һ츳ǿʿţɱ㡣Ը뱾£ΪһԱսôɱ㣬ᴫ㡣ɽٵʱ򣬻Ϊ㻤գͨ
īʱĬܲȻΪҪȳˮλӡԣҲ
ոţҪôӳͷʶΧѾ׼ԼȫǱˡȻֻĳɵĻܹѣҲòԡû뵽ǣ棬Ȼûжɱ֡Ҫļ
ô㲻ԸȷǶԳī˰֮ģͨ˽Ⲣ١뵽Ǹ֮ȻǾͷҲδؾֻ졣Ҫû˵Ļ⡣
˲ʶĻҲֻɱһ콾
Զսɱ£ƽˡ̫µġ
ǲԸǡīǰǰ˵ѡ
ŶЩ⣬ųīң
īͷڵͷɱ졣֮ǰǸ棬Ѿ׷ɱ֮á֮⣬ͷҲɱ
˻
̲סһΪȻֱܷīǲ˵ѡŸе𾪣ЩĿųīʲôΪʲôôͷҪɱ㣿
ī룬Ǿ˵ʵΪǰ棬ˣ
һԤԣ˵гһգһˣоͷĵк䡣˵ԤеġǸˡīЦ
£ЩԾ漴ſĿüĴһֱۣīƺҪīһ
˰죬ҲûܴӳīϿʲô쳣ҪݣΪ˫Բͬ磬Ҳ޴ݡ
īĻȷ˼ԥ
ΪһԱսＸͷƺе㲻㰡
һ˲ţҪɱˣҲеϧ
ô죿
ޱȺЩԥ


1546 ˰
ʱ򣬳ī棬ȭ˵ǰɱң練ƣǰ˵Զսʣµľͷʮ֮˵˷䣬Ҳδ֪ǰǿϷһΣǷǰһһ죬ǰҪᾡȫǰһΣ
˵ģмֵ濴ųīޱȸɴĽīʶջأһѹҲ˻ȥ־ͲΣһ£ֻһͷ顣
ûʲôҲ֪ɱˣǶɱһˡûر塣ңоԵţһμīʱȻѹˡ
ԣһһǰ;ǷԼһҲδؾǻ£
Գī˵ǸԤԺܸȤһһ˵ᷢܶ顣
ˣɴķ˳īһ
īʱ˿Ȼ汧ȭʩ񣺡лǰȫؽġ
߰ɡ˵ţνʧƬС
īҲֱת뿪ˡ
һԳī˵ҲһѡƬԶս֮ϣͷԶƽҪöࡣ
֮ǰȻ֪оͷĴڣûмͷ׳֡ȴȫһ澳ľͷֱӻ޵еɱߣ
ϷһľͷҲػ
ҺǱߣһţ϶׷ɱ
īϿӹ嫵ǺӣаҲҪӿ澳ٶˣҪƬԶս㣬ͱҪΪһľͷ
ʱ򣬳īʼ÷ˮͨƬʶչ޾ңԶľ룬ҵһʺϵǳ
һž޴ǡѾȥ̫꣬ǳ֮ϣûаֲķ籩ǳŰʶҪѸٲǳϵһУҲҪһʱ䡣
ھͷ˵ǵʶ˲串޾ǿգȴδػһǳ⡣
ҾҪչīţֱӳǳȥ
ǿֲķ籩ԽǽӽԽܸоĿ񱩡ī澳֮ҲЩܲס
漴ս£˳һ籩ģֱӽٵǳ档
Ȼ뵽ǳڲ
ǷǳֱаƬǿУȻ㲻ǣҲǱȽ۵ġ
ԽֵطԽױ˺ԣǶӵĻһ㶼ʺԣͨ˵һ˲뵽˻רŶֵط
ǳڲƽ˾ȴûа̸ʲô
Գī˵Ҫ飬ĻۣǶԸ߲ε
ԣطʱ˵ǳʺ
īֱǳǰ־磬Ҳ൱ˡֲƥѹֻһ档һ棬Ӳ̫ˣ
īٳһССĿռ䣬Ȼһ֣ĨȥԼеĺۼǳΪһ塣
澳ľͷפͣڴˣʶϸϸѰǳпܻᷢ
ī⣬ֱϥ£ʼ̡
ۣת۹ȥʱ䡣
Ƭսϡ
ʵ˵ʱ򣬴󲿷ֽ뵽ԶսʿͿҪˡʣ¼īҸط
ɲʲôгī־磬ܹ㵽ô̬ĵطȥ
ԣ꣬ԽԽࡣͷ֮µʿûжܹ
ԶսǱʬ壬Ǿ޴ѪɢԹѪȡ
ѾΪһƬ˼
˵ĩʱԶսϻŵ˾ʶУͻȻһ񵥡
ǰ֮ϣһٸ֣
û֪ôģΪʲôǵľʶС
˶ʶʱ̣Ҫˣ
Զսʱ飡̶̵ġʮʱڣȻȫˣʣһٸˣ
ܶǿʿʶѸٲһ°Щ֡
ǲǴǰ󿴣ǴӺǰ
Ϊ񵥣ǰ漸ȻЩԶսʢϵǿͷҲ˵񵥣Ӧǰսŵģ
ǿϵĺʮӦҪһˡ
мͷʶɨ񵥵ʱȫ΢΢һ
˰棬ʮλϣȻдһ֡ī
ûȻһĸе⣬ۿǸС뵽һͷʶΧ֮ڡȻǸͷҲǸСˣ
ѵ˵ܻҲ̫˼ˣ
ɫΪѿīͷѰ񵥳ľʶеһɲǣѾʼīľ巽λˡ
ԶսһƬǿգոսһ벽ͷһǳĸϳһƾǿǳȻֱӳ벽ͷѹȥһ˲䣬Ǹ񵥳ˡ
ԣԭǸ벽ͷƣ΢΢һ٣һ¡
ԷȻѪȴ׼ǿǱܣûֱԶʧããС
沢û׷ϣᣬҲʮģȥһʿʵȴһľͷϣ¶һĨζ֮ɫ૵ī֣ĺϤأȻôνѣɹ˰˰񵥣Ϊܻȥ棡
˵䣬ֱӿʼ
ڳīȴ൱ģġҪһʱͽīҳҲûôס
沢⡣Զս֮ڣʲôʱֻʣʮˣʲôʱŻзʱҪ
һƬǿգջɱһʥʿ
˵ʥʿսǲôһûܽ¡ȴһ£ܹĸκΪһ壡
ʵϣɹƭ˾ʶû뵽ǿǳˡ
ֻй°Ļǳ
⣬ÿһԶսڵʱоͷȥһ¡
ΪĻЩˣҲġ
һǳ֮󣬲ŷ֣ǳУȻһʿֱӱˡ
ȴһ㶼øˣΪⴿɡ
ԣ񵥳ھ澫ʶеһ˲䣬һ˫УֱӾĺ⡣棬ЦīȻţˣǱɱģ
ͷͬһʱ䣬Գīޱǿҵɱġ
ɱ˿ûεģ
ĽɱţϣīܹܵɱӦĻǻ׵ҵīټȻֱӻɱ
ɱԷǳԣ˵ȻܵɱҲΪԼ
ʵһ˲䣬桢;ɢͷǵһͷųɱˡ߰˵ɱͷһָ


1547 չʮ
īɱӹʱ򣬾ѾԵĸӦˣͷɱȫָ壬ȴǳ׸Ϊһˡȫû㷴Ӧ
ܴﵽ־磬ǳīΪĸͷɱ޶ԣЩѽǳһּߵľ硣ڵ߿ǳЩҲٴĴԡ
ǳ֮ڸ˳īһϢԣͷɱӹīһ˲䣬īӦָӦȴڵǳ֮ȫӡͻˡ
īҲһɲǣͷӦϢ׷ӡ
ǣ桢;ͷͬʱɱ£Ȼһ
ͷԵУȫ·һͷԶ޺Х̫Ԥˣ
˵ѵҪСӲĶнѣɹĽԼڷϣô
ͷͬʱͷ
Σī
ΪǸԤģ㲻ģѾ׵ľˣī֮ѾҪͣ֡ī澳Ϊľͷ֮ҲŹǣ
һʥĳīѾ˳ΪͷӵпԸһսʵˡʱͷ˾Ҫ澳ĳīʲô³
ԣҪɱīҪ죡
ȻʶҲǾͻԶսеǳ
һĴ٣
ԶսһÿһΣĽѾͻһΡ
Ϊܶʵǿİ벽ͷǴʥʿ֪Щͷ£ͻȥһǳΪ֮ءڴܹٵԼͷϡ
ֻҪЩȰˣǾɹˣʤˣ
ͷֵϷ񣬱ɽͨӵв֮⣬У
ÿһʵߣЩߣվ
ཫԼˣȫߡ
Ǳͷ˲ǳûУֱӾͻ䡣

ھꡣ
īȴѾﵽһٽ㡣Լһ꣬ʱп澳٣
٣Ȼǲµģ
ֵطɽ٣ж˰ж֣ĺ˵
ΪԶսһ֮أ
ƬսУȻҲᱻʱѹơһʱ䣬ɹϷ񡣳֮ӵв֮ᱻ֮㣬áȴҲѾ΢΢ˡ
˵Զսһɱ飬ԽĶ⣬ͷŵĳ̶ȡ

мʶٵɨǳ
īſ˫ۡʱ䣬ԽԽʶעī֪ȥûܷǣҲӱ³
ԣڽԶսĵʮͷī˳
ϣȻǳ֮ӡеϢ
˿Ȼκʶɨᵱһǳ
ī֮˼աʶеǸ˰棬Ѿʧ˶ʮ֣
ٶȣЩզࡣ
īҲԭʮʮ
һ΢ΣֻҪŬһ㣬Ȼ󰾹Ͼʣʮˣİȫˣ
һֻԿ档
ʱ򣬳ͷ֮⣬˭׶ˡ
īӹƬ򣬿˴ȥʿǺܶ˵壬ѾˡеѪҺҲҪˡϵԣȴûʧԺܶ˵ϣɢſµɷ
ɷ𾳽ʿֻҪմȾϣʮа˾ͦסġܹһһУҲҪɢ
ЩɷԳī˵ʲôȻûдﵽ򷨲ֵľ磬Ҳȥ޼Щ˾ǻţܶγκвȥ
һգīȻӦǰ޾սͬʱҲһŭ
һŭ𣬳īʱһΪһӾϳǺӴ
īûκԥֱӳǸͷɹȥٶȼ죬Ӱ쵽ʱͿռķ򡣴Ƭ棬īֱ۵ΣÿһΣޱңԶĵط
īȻСʱ䣬
Ȼ궼Ϊ֮һĻ
ԺΪ׵ߴʥڼսһ澳ͷ澳ͷǱˣǺ棡
ߴʥУ˺֮⣬ʣʥϣȫصĵˡ
ϣҲ˺ص˿ڣеӰ쵽սˡ
⻹µģµǣīӦƬյңԶͷڹս
Ȼûͷų̫ǿϢҲûпȥһȺԹ۵ˡվĮȻĿš
Ⱥˣ״ʲô˼û֪
īҲ֪Ҳ˲ôˡҲ˵˼ۺ죬ߴʥսˣʶҲҪֵģ
߱죬ֱӾͳ˺档
ڳīֵ䣬ѾȵСãһ鳹նˣ
īһԲּľͷһ仰Ĺ򣬶ܾǧ
ԣԺ棬īҲֻһٶ
ٵͶ磡
ʮǰƨɺ׷ɱĳīʮĳīѾ˾޴ı仯
桭Ǹ档
ͷҪɳһʵ̫ˣ
ΪѾ̫ǿˣ
ɳīȴȻ޾ĳɳռ䡣ʮȻûͻƵ澳Ľþ
ϣ
һâķ
ձп޾ɱۡźüĴֱն£
ʱ򷢳һЦеĴź˹ȥ
׺ݣԵ
ֻӣʯͷĳһ𣬾ʹδııԣ
ʥҲͬһʱ䣬档
ȫ׺ݵɱС
޾ңԶУսľͷ֮䣬ѸٵĳһݵĽ
Σӡ
Ȼ
š
ǣ
ͷĽǳ̣Ҳǳأ˸Ӧ
Գī⾪һաһȺʥʿȻܽƵֵزܻйսľͷҲ˺ݣֱӽһгչ
壬˲䱩ǣ
жܷŶ
һ˲䣬·أƬգ
ƺƬգЩˡ޾Ǻӣǰϸ緢˿СĿ
īһ̺ͬϴԣȻնͷ­ġ
һ
һնںͷһյľ졣
Ǿ޴ƥһ½ͷ­ֱӱնһ֪жĹ֣üĴ
ѪͬѪһʳ˲γһѪɫӣ
ǰ޾񷡣
ͬʱһָҲֱӵ˳īؿڡ˲˾޴Ŀ
Ѫ͹ǣ䣬


1548 
ڴ˿̣ӵҲѾˣ
Ȼ˺ͷ­֮ϣͷ­ֱӴϴһƬǸطͬ˿ֲһ㣬дѪԽɳ
һֻ֣Ҳ˺ӵϡӵ壬ֱӵɳȥһӾʧƬС
ʥĹҲȫˡǴҪλ
ʥֳֺ棬ֱӴںಿλ
Ѫ˲罦ȾƬ
ʥ壬һֻգѹƬĴֻצץںıĴֱץ޴ƥѪ
èʥһצץں£ץ´ƬѪ⡣
ţħʥһںһֻϥ棬ϥֱӴ顣
ѩԴʥһںĺо޴Ĺͷ
ʥֱʩչһֱЩ˸ɵ˿档
ǾͷֹҲֻܷһ춯صĺСȻԴʥȫ
ʥѪɣ˺صˣǵϣȴȻɢս⣬ûаηųϢɢ
ո˸ʥ۵ʿɵ˺൱¡ЩԳܡȻЩ˿һ˲͸ԭˣȴ൱Ĵۡһʧ˽ӽʮ֮һѪ
ͷʮ֮һѪֲ̫ˡ£ϵһѪֻռǧ֮һѪɱһʥˡ
˵Χ֮£һӾʧʮ֮һ
īϵ˺ۣҲһӾͻָˣûκεˡޱٴι
̧һ
Ҳ޾Ǻ֮ɱ˻ŴЦϲѽ˺ѽ˭Ц󣡡
ʥϵ˿ڣҲһ˲临ԭһΣԸ͵̬ɱ
ȫǷߣǵĹ棬ȫѹƵԺҰԣԺּĶ֣ԼȫǱܸƳֻ·һ
Զս
ﱾһ·
ԣͷųҰ԰ɣͷų԰ɣ
һֿµĹ
һΣʧʮ֮Ѫ
ߴʥͳīͬľ޴
ǵģҪ棡
˸ȫ񳹵׷һӣٷκεĺкϢġŴźǺޱߵľ޴һͷҡ
īһٶ磡
ִ򷨣ֱǲҪͬھĴ򷨣
ƫƫģǵִ򷨣սͷһͬ
Ҫ棬ְֻ취
Ҫƴ
ԾͷּĶ֣ҪʲôıƣҪһˡ̫ˣ
ǼǾԲܳɹģ
ŭԭߴʥЩͷۡ߸˵Ųܶ˭ֲûڹ˵ͷɵȺ飬ûԭġ߸ӣ
ڣһȻˣ̵ġҲǸӣ
Ϊֹ֮󣬳īһѪɣ
ߴʥҲ˶١
桭ҲӲĴ˽ӽɵѪ
ȥܽ˸ĶȫҲҪӽѪݽߵľأ
ῼǣǲҪ˸ĶӲǣԶսһΣķɱĵط
ȻǾͷҲķգ
Ҳ磬ĴţôڵƣһңȽϿǰ
Ϊ˴˼ĳޣҲƽһֲԨС
ī˸һˣҲ϶к³
Ĳ˵˵ĬĬսľͷǣ᲻ŹһͷĻ᣿̫˵ˣ
٣ãڹսֻᣬδػ
ʥʿϵԴǿۣܿ澳ͷϵԴȴǿκۺģ
ۿ˸ӵֵĹˣԭǼᶨƵĵģڳһ˿ɶ
Щˣ
ĲȺӻ
ת˲䣬;ѹʱ򣬾£Ҳδ·ˣ
һ˲
Ӹī޾Ǻӣ໥һۣɲǼ䡭Ϭһ㡣ǿƥ飬һ˲䡭ͬʱ澳ȥ
ʥûߣӷź˹ȥ
ಣ
ಣ
ӰȺϵ
ǱѾ˳ֵ׼һѾīˡڸӦϢһ˲䣬ˢһ£ͽָ˻
С˵ˣ澪һתߣ
ԶսûԸ澳٣
ɱ٣
ԶսֳԹɱĵطٵӿֲ
ԭչսļͷֱߡּ٣һɽ١ͬմȾ
˲ͷˣ
ķˣ
£Ǻӻǳī澳٣ܶᰵг֣һСԶսҲ⡣Ϊ˵İ취֣
˺澳١Ǹ£
һԶԶº֣һȴҪɱ֮֡䣬ûȵġ
һӾߣ
УʣĳɵѪҲ˵ʵѾһۻҪ䡣£ٶ澳٣ûĻܻ뿪ط
ʥȫǷһӣΪۣס
ҹһʥȫɡ
һֺȥɵѪڣҲֻʣɶһѪˡ
ʥɣתߣ
Ǳһֱԥľ棬״Ҳֱתߡ
㻹Ҫгīһ£Ҳڡ̫Σˣ
Ǵ˿̣ȫٵַΧСǵУ澳֮ѪѾʼ궯
쵰ҧһ䣬ߵޱȸɴࡣ
ûôˡ
ΪͷѾܲĳīͻȻɱǰѪɫѾնһݺհѪɫâ
âֱ֮ӱ˺ѣ춼ն
䡭ն˺ǰ
淢Ľôܣ
ΪͻȻ䷢֣īȻ׻ָһѪ
ָоȻںִڵУҲޱаֱǻ־ͷս˹Ѫ֮󣬾Ȼܹһӻָһﵽʲôģ
īУǳ֮ӿ߿ǳ޾вǳ
ܶǳȫԽɢһɹע뵽ī嵱У
ǳһ̣Ҳī߶˼£
Ƭսϵǳԭͳ˵ϢγҪ޾µĹԶսÿһΣдǳ䡣
ǳû飬ǶЩͷʹ޼ˣ
ӳīˣ
ԣʱеǣȫվڳīһߵģ
˲ָʮѪʲôīĵʮѪǻ˲ָ
֮ȫһˡ
ѣ
ϣ
īһâֱն˺ļϡ
꣡
ͷֱۣӦϣ
ͬʱһµףϽɫī


1549 澳
ͬʱ˵Ͻɫףʥͺ棡Լӣ
ʥϽɫףī˲ֳȥӰʱͿռ䷨֮󣬾¡
Ȼʥʧˣ
Ǳīֱս˲ȥ
꣡
ףֱںϣ壬һ¡
Ǳߺӵ٣Ҳˣ
ӵ٣ͬϽɫסֳһӣһīһҲչ˺ȥˡ

ٴαһ£оģøӾҡ˲仯ǧҪƬա
֮ϽɫףͬҲǧÿһ
ۡ
ǧѪֻ棬
Ѿ˲ϴˣʼȫɽ١
ûܱ֤ʱ򣬻᲻ڰгǡѾֵزȥģҲѾûʲôˡ
˭ʱˣΪһУ
ֳޣ޿ɻģ
īȴǸ澳һ߱죬׷ź񿳣
һĻʵŵ˲پͷ
Ȼǣڶ澳ٵʱҲδŴ󵨹
Ͻɫףһ׾ٵĽһʥ۷ʿѪ澳ͷһǣҲҪʧѪ
Ѫ
ǵУ
бһУ
ˡͰ޾ңԶǺǱߣһѾ˵ȫľͷ̲סп
ῡܣһ˭ܵһ˵ȫľͷ
ңǱߵĻ񷣬Ҳ¶֮ɫа֮ǰҵһƾ٣ܸܿҴ󲻵洦ʥ˱Ѿ˵ûֻˡֻ֡Ҳδض԰
ϣ¶˼ɫ
ǱߵĲ;ںٵĸǣӵȫ֮󣬱һʱˡȫ˳ī޼ɵĶ൶񿳺һĻ˶ЩŴˡ
ʲô
СʲôΪʲô澳٣
īҪǸǣСү˱׾²ǲ;ңЩͷ÷裡
׾Сͨʲôʱ澳ٵϽɫ׶ܱˣⲻǳ
ЩڣѾ澳־ͷĲΣȻ뵽侹Ȼܹ֮ɹ嵱пٳһ̨
֪࣬ǿľͷˣ
Ϊīôᱻٸ
澳£̫ϵ١ͬ£ʲôԪ֮١˵ͬ޹ؽҪ
ʲô죬ǣ
Ϊ٣⣬ٵˣǵڿȫˣ
;𵽽컹ŵĥľͷʱ˿̣Ĳҳȥīˡ໥һۣȻ󣬹ͬһٶ
ߣ
ǵģ
ߣ
ˣ
˭˵ֻа벽ͷʹʥʿſԶصģ
һԶ㣡
ǲˣǻ㲻
ܵ˾ľͷûκ˼ԥ˫ûκεĹֱͨϬĬѡ
ߡȻгīҵȻȡȵʣʮˣ˳ǰ
ī⻵˭ͻ˭˭鷳ȥ˭鷳ӽԺǼīֱˣ
ܹսľͷǣŲ;ͷ뿪ȫȻûȥ鷳ҲûзκΪǣҲֻͬѡ
Ǳ߳īϽɫ澳ףʼ˶Ժķ׷
Ժ׷ɱīֻĶӣûһ˿ֵʮ󣬳ī澳٣ֻʣѪĺ棬ûаԥҪɱ
䣡
ϵϽ׽¡ڳ˵ϡ
īûмκηҲûκεֿÿһ䵽̨УǶ̨һϴ񣬶ǶԳīһδҲһβѪĻᣡ
ǿѾʼǿϽɫ飬Ҫɱī
ЩϽɫ׸ӿֲ
Ϊȫ˫սĽ١
Щ飬ЩĽ٣īҲòͣԺ׷ɱʼӦ
ȴûһĴϢأΪֻʣ²ѪͬҲҪЩ
ңΪľθߣԵ飬Ҫǿī
ۣ
һѪһ룬Ǳīġ
ЩͷԳī޾پ̾ѣ侳ĺܸоīٵӡ
Ҳ͵˳Щ֮󣬳īſʼе̬ȣӣôĥսζһЩ
˫֮սһд衣ȻҲޱȣЩԳīûκӰ죡
Ǻ棬գۼͱǧٿףܵش
ִԺ־ͷ˵ʵ̫ˡ
ƬյʱͿռ䶼ĳ׻ˣʱ䳤ʱʱֵĳһԡ
һЩǿޱȵ飬ĿĿߡڿī֮Щϼȫ¶֮ɫƺţ侹Ȼ޾ٵĴ
ģһЩ飬Ҫųīͺ֣īЩ飬˲ͱ澳Ͻɫ׸˻ȥмǿģǵ顣æʱ䳤ӵУ
Ǳ߲Ҳʱ䳤жǳֵģǷ֮һЩī㽫Ŀת˺档
𣬺滹治ʱ䳤еЩ顣ҲͬȾ磬սиеͣأ
ڲУ
һѪѾʣɶһ㡣ӦϽɫ׶ѾޱȼѣҪٱʱ䳤еǾԶˡ

ʱ䳤ŭһл취򣬽ʱ䳤īǱߡ
ĴڣһصľͷӰģ
һܴ󵫵飬վʱ䳤һ棬ֳһսꪣźݺݵն˹
䣡
һʱ籩˲ʹʱ䳤б籩Ӱ쵽һ顣
ȻȺŭˣһԵĳʱ䳤ӵС
ţֵʱ䳤ˢһӾʧӰ١
˿ʧˣ
ɾʱīǰѪɫ߱졭һεն˹
꣡
һͷ­͸ն
īջֱǿԸӵľء̫ǿˣ
˵ּľͷܱī͵Ϯɹոʱ䳤ӵӰ̫ˣʧ˲䣬ľϡôһ˿˿ɶ
īһˣ
նȥͷ­ĳīûнŹΪ֪϶ӭķˣ
ԣһ֣˲ŴϽɫ׺Զݡ
Ȼˣ
þͷһͷȻԴ˿ˡ
һУųīһҲֻʣһɣ
ʱ㶼ҪˣԶսȥĿԣ㡣


1550 
ԣ浽ʱѾ׷ˣ
ò˵֮ǰǼսľͷĺ׼ȻûԤϵī޾£ȴɹļ˺³˵ЩͷȺҪǿܶࡣֻ˵ߣ㼸
ôǿƥʱȻԼÿһϸڡܶණʵġģġǲɼģ
ͷ­ں׷īޱɭȻֲЦСãܵõ𣿡
ī˵Ͻɫ׺һٵӶݡ
ǻȥˣɲᣡ
ʱһһεţҲ޼ɵķ񹥻šԿֲ澳٣ð飬涼ӶһҪīͬھ
˵ܽһ澳ľͷƵݶϣīҲ԰ˡ
վڰȫЩͷǣ̲ס겻ѡһɵҿˣԼĵˣ
ԭǾûжȤԳī֣ڡûˣ
ԶսʣʮһˣīȻͣ׼ͷֲΣ⼸ͷҲδػѡ񳯳ī֡ǸĿܣȥɱ;֡˼˵ľͷ
Ĳ࣬ź治һȼԼīīϣҲˡ
Ȼ˵ĲأȴҲӰ쵽һٶȡ
ʱī澳٣ҲѾʼ뵽βǱߺӵ澳٣ͬҲӽβˣ
ֻҪȫɹɽ٣澳ô棬ɣ
ңһûУ
ȻҲһ㣬һ˫ۣĹâȻ˵᱾ģź棬ڶʮԪ֮ǰĺĹ壬Ѿ꣡ɣɱ콾塣һԹ޵йݺȻ갵棬δȾɺ޽죬ȻСʵΪƽ衣
ںĴ֮ȫһ˲䣬Щսľͷȫ΢΢һݣȻǺԥġֱԶգ
ΪǶѾ֪Ҫʲôˣ
ҪԱ
һͷԱ᲻Ὣһ泹׺û֪Ϊڴ֮ǰûĸͷô
Ϊ澳Ĵڣ϶Լһ·˵һξѪöʲôطȻͷֻҪξѪڡôδĳĳµĳһ죬ξѪлḴġ
֮󣬾ܻ᳹ȴԼ˭ȴһУϣ콾ĻˣôϣٴγɳΪһͷġң澳ǰһУ
ʱͷ͵ڻĵڶ
Ӳټд˵;ңʵֻڶľͷǲδ׿ڳϹҲûжµα
һԱǾ͵Ĩɱһдںۼ
ǵξѪҲ˲ɺԡȥ
ҵһ֡ǳԸӵĵزǳײˣȻû˻ѡֽ
īҲʶҪʲôˣУҲ־ŭȴ֪ԼҪֹ
ʱīе߿ǳٴαһţ̨еǧģҲʼĺ
˫ֱ֮˹˫
īȵĿһŹϵͼӺͷ­ѣȻųīֱӷɹ
淢һŭ
ͼ
Ȼʧ˺ܶͼ
֮󣬾ͳʧ˵
īһΪȥˣΪû¡û뵽ͼȻں
һʼûôͼСϾּĴڣͨĶҲûҪ񱱶ɱ
ټϵһͼȷʵûʲôáͼݣòô
ͼԳī˵̫Ҫˣ
ͼˢһ£ɽ˳īĵﵱСһӾʧˣ
ɲǼ䣬īе߿ǳൽҡ⡭˲һصϵ
ǳת֮£һµĹֱӳڳīľʶС
󣡡
īͺһֻ߿ҫ貵ǳ˲ԳīзɳȻ󡭡ǿͷ­ֱΧڵС
߿ǳֻ˴˶ϵֱγһ᲻ɴݵ
һǳ˲֮ǰǿ֪ٱǳ֮ע뵽С
ѹֱӽͷ­ѹ棡
˿ã
һŲȥ
Ѿ׼һĵоκκ·ҪޱȾĸīͬھҪҲҪԶսϵ顭ȫ
ˡԼᣡ
û뵽ǣһɲǡȻһ
ûǰʹһ죬ôīе߿ǳҲδػôҵķӦͼҲͲԼѹɳȥȻҲͲγֲķûֲǳҲûֹԱˡ
˵ףµ˾ͷ־磬һ˲䣬ȻԥȻף
Һޣ
淢һŭ
ŭ󶼲͸ֻĿųīһϽɫףһ߸Щս
֮Щͷǣȫ׵һڸոһ˲Ⱥ澳ľͷȫһ亹ŵòᡣ
ĺͷ­оͷɫƣ
īһɱҲŹַӣȻҪ˸ᣡֱǲ֪һ죬ҪһȻ󽫺ϵӡǡȫĨ˵
ˣӦ׶ϾѪ
īڸսҲˣ˵Ĳᡣ˿̣飬ȴޱȵġ
֮ϣѾ֮ۡѾʼ
ֱ仯ī𾪲ѣΪҲ֪˲֪ٵ̨֮Ȼܹһ壬Ѿ澳֮壡ǰһ̫Ͼ磿
ֲ²⣬óīŵˣ
ȻֻһۣҲ̫˰ɣ
ĺǾԸӵĳ̶ȣû˱øˡ
ڳīϵı仯һ˿һޱ
֪ǰëӵˣ̤澳ΪľͷӽͲһͷһľͷ
ī۵ı仯Ȼúе𺳣֮ġǾ޴С
ۡȻڳ̫Ϸ
ʱīһۣѾױϽɫ
ʱһ޴飬ɢŸϢī
īֱӻӶۣ֮ݺһƳȥ
飡
޴ġɢŸϢ鱻ɡ飡
¡¡
һɫף֮¡


1551 ɫ
һĻпˣ
ɫף
û˼
̫ϵ٣û˼ʲôġڳЩǾͷĴڡԼɾ澳֮ʱһʲôģǱ˭
䣡
ǱߣʱҲһף
Ͻɫ
ȻϽɫ
ֻޱȾ޴
һƬ֮
ɫȴ֮ǰ澳ûκ𣬾ǴϽɫȥޱѤĿŸ컯Ϣ
ɸǱߵĴɫһȣʱμ穵ĸо
ʱĺӣȴûǸ˼ġЦţǸֱӭһף
ɵҪԼıһ
䣬ӵα㱻Ͻɫ׳û
һ̣ڵĵطʱһ޾ѹ
ããĴϢķŹɢȥ
ʱĳٴθںӵߣһΣȴûκҰЩ飬ȫһĽĿšܿеֿ
ЩӦȫʱ䳤У澳ʧܵ顣
ʱĳУԶıԿ̵
澳
ͷ
ֻĺӣһԾɾ澳֮
һߣǵɫףȻûɢȥ
ƺûκѹƺһɫ֮ãã֮С
еľͷȴһҪĤݵĸо
⾿ô£
˵澳١Ȼ䣡̫ˣʵ̫ˣ
䣬ζʲô
Ҵû˵澳١
޾ңԶĵطͷڵǺĵ𾪡Ϊûа취ȥΡ
īֳ߱죬վɫ׵У
߱죬ҲԼ
ֱӼԶԶĴǱߡ
Ȼʥ˲ںߡ
϶ʱɢϢֵ
ַ˻ɽǵɫ׵Уͬڱ
¯Ҳڽִ
Ǻǣ״塭ҲͻȻ䷢֣ԭҾȻĽֻԵУޱȺе¶һĨ򴿽ɫеĳīø䣬Զ
Եֵ̫ˡ
īϵ̨һֱڽУһֱûֹͣ
סĺͷ­ʱڷ˾Ŀ޺ΪʲôΪʲôΪʲôһ޵ˡӵˣǰ˭˭˭
ϧĿ޺ȫӡˡ
ЩͷǸȻǿ»ᱻ𺳵Ҫȥ
޵ꡭꣿôܣ
󣬳īоԼۣӭյɱ䣬ڴɫ׵Уһŭȡ
Ȼۣűеĺͷ­һ
飡
ǿͷ­Ӧ飡
ͷ֮ѪͷԽͷ֮ǡеһУ˳űֱӱ鿪
ֱӽһƬգһ޴Ŀն
Ȼ󣬳ˣ
һͷµ澳ʿ
ʹ
ĺ֣᲻һ죬û֪Ҳûݳڴ˿̣ˡ
ವһ·ɽ˴ɫ׹âС
ʱ˿̣Ѿֵӵ˰ȫȻһ𺳵ĿԶǵܶԶܿĴɫף̲סһ䣺̬𣿡
˵еһͷվһһĶԺ΢Ц
ôӺȻۿЩʪĵڲֻúˣ
ϲѣ
ϲѣ
мȫ⡣
֪ɵˡɾ澳֮ˣ
ǰ·ѾޱȿȻ˵ǴӴ˺һƬ̹;١ѾվУǵһԱ
ԣһЦлλѣ
ʥȻû˵ʲôϲϲ֮ķϻΪֵ֮䲻ҪӵĿУȴĽʧ֮ɫ
˵ֵͬģңǣ
ʥȫͷ澳˭룿
ʱԶǵɫףʼ䵭
īԡУȻûɢκεƣ֪ΪΣѾ澳ΪͷĺӣȻʱĳīһ޵еߣ
ǵģͷеߣ
оʥиǿң
èʥôоҪСӣ
ҲŸоѩԴʥ˵
ҲСţħʥ˵
һʥЦСӡ࣡
ͬĸоͬЩͷĿ
ǵɫĹâɢȥīӰеһ˲䣬Զսлŵ龫ʶУǸ񵥣ֱӷ˷츲صı仯
ī֣߾ӵһ
Ѿ֪ӳԶĲ;棬һɲǣȫɵˣȻ󣬴Ȼ󡭡ˣȻһѪϵĵˣˣ
ƣ
ǳīƣ
ΪԶսУȻûܳѡ
ǳīϱƣǵ˱øˣ
ˣɫ԰ףԳɾ澳֮δй־̬澳ľͷǿݺյڣһģκθϵĲ
ûܹҡĵģ
ĵģҡˡһֱŲɵĶһıģԭֿɼһЩҲһ˲䣬һӱúңԶƺнӽĻᡣ
˶Ŵˣ
֪ô£
ľ硭µ䣡
Ӧҵĵᶨơܶҡҵĵģ

ۡ
棬ٴһѪѪУ֪̺˶ĵ
ԣһֱ֣ӽѪһѪȻ̷ָȥţиһеѪ˳ôѹƣƲס
ľ磬һӣ͵䵽ʥ
һߣ漸һģһ
ͬĥ澳ͷҲڿٵĵУֻľ磬ǿά澳ıԵҲҡҡ׹
ʼԼ̷ĵر
һӽеĵرȫ̽˶Ȼǣ
ڣȶסԼľ硣ľ磬ͣ澳ıԵΡһˣҲøˡʱµΣա
ʱĿ⣬ͶһԵĲ档
ѾصʥĲ棬˲͸ܵߵΣ棬вû̫Ŀ־壬෴ƽˡΪžĵ䣬޾µĵˡѾʧˣ
ңɱң˵ûʲô塣԰ɣ˵ţֱӽһңеԴһĻڣˡ
ҵһ˿ҲֻôһŲ棬ֽӹǼҲɱ㡭
žʩһ񣺡лл㣬ҵѣ
һ˲䣬ҳˡӳһâ˲ͽͷ­ն¡
ͷ­һã˵
㡭˶ҪˣҪԱȴ˲ӡסͷ­
Բ˵ѣҲɱ㣬ҲܷŹ㡣ϣͷ­ó⣬һ˵ţĿѵĲͷ­ֱӽԭĿռ䷨С


1552 ķ
īվУ澳ĵ֮ǰʶľӴ澳ĵ壬ںܶǰѾΪ澳֮塭Ӵܵӵȫָо
ԶԶĿһѵ㿴ӣ֪״ǱĵϡԸܵķâѵԼ֮ǰ㲢֪жΨеΪĵΨеΪĵ֮սŻףж
ĸо
ԣī̤뵽֮Ҫĵһ£ǸԼĵжǿ
Ѿˡ
ɵһ˲䣬ͽǿͷ­ֱĵ÷飡
һֻľͷܺ
һ˲䣬ѾˡԶԶﲻͨľ磬ԣȻҪ򣬼澳εĵҲĹУԼϱøǿ
ʱ򣬺Ӵʥųī߷ɹ
Ϊ飬ΪϿɵĺ󱲣ֵȻĽīľ磬ģȴһַĵĻϲ
ϲ㣡һ䣬δţδðǼʶˣ߹ЦĿųī
īźӣȻϿŵĴЦ˵ӣҲɽɫˡ
ӽСˣ˼£Цĵ澳Űһɹʥ٣һɹ澳٣ͳһıڣһ澳ҲһӴ飡
īͷ϶ﲻƵģ
һ⡣
ʱʥѩԴʥʥèʥʥţħʥֵܣȫԳīϲͬʱҲлīովǡ
һˣͱ˵һˣǶѣī˵
ǵģԺһˣӶԳī̬ȼֱҪ⡣ֹ°УһʿҪõϿ̫ˡһϿˣǾԶı䡣ǳīܶˣúĵط
УһͷߵĲųŻˣͬʿ֮һֱܵĸӦ
ī̧ͷܿȥ۾йâ˸īЦҡҡͷ
ЩͷֵĻȵڵġ϶Ҳġ
ʵҲֻһֱ죬Ȼرϰ߸˴򽻵˿᱾̬ܵ
ȳڳīǰģ档ֻһΣԳī̬ȣȫͬڵ꣺ѱϲ
ûκιâƣȥʮ꣬һɫĵۣһţŵɷ磬ųīֶ֡Ժӹ֣ϲλѣλ澳
ī棬¶м֮ɫװģǷġ֮ǰһΣô죬ǾվҳΪһ澳ͷġ
ԣīʩ񣺡ǰ̫ˣǰ֮ǰĶ飬Ȼǡ
һ֣ǹȥˣǶλ澳ԵƱɡ
Ҳһȭлˣûʲô̫оӾ³澳ľͷԸҲδ
ͷء
ϲλѳɵһòʮŮӣīߣףŮ澳ͷСΪӺ޿޵ʺ񣬸һֺеĸо
īȴ֪һʵǼˡܹɾ澳֮ľͷûĸһͬʿʾãīȻҲܾЦ˵лѣ³ī
ī̬ҲȻû˿н棬ΪȷǷŶԷ飬ɱ֮е㳶ʲôطֵطǿߣûбɱľҪ飡Ķ顣
ͷī̬Ⱦͻܶࡣȥֺá
ṳ֮̂ǰīͷһս˵Ѿ־ˡȻǲս
Ȼ̫ϲ˴򽻵ʱ򣬾ΪֵܿǣҲʧЦеĸ
ϲλѣǧһòޱӢءһɫĳӦһƷս£֡ǧЩ䣬ڵؿȥҲЩЦζ
ϲλѣšŵĳ࣬ͬǳӢ俴ȥȴʮͷһɫĳһŵϢҪǳڱ𴦣һ˶һ澳ͷϵһ𡣵Ǹһ
ϲϲ澳ľͷīеЦĸо
ΪһӣվȺӸ߲˶١ĿȡȴʮҲȲ˵ģ
һѹЩһ
ӵǺģһϵķ۾ûˡ٣Żͦġϣ̫ˣ
ž͸һĪϲС
īȴ֪ΪӾͷ϶һֺĹŵңҲָоȻĻһ澳ľͷ˵ҪԼȥӢǧһ㶼ѣͲ¡
īһһ̬ȺܿҲԵжô롣
ǧ˵ʵҪϲѣΪ˰ϵĵһ
ǰѸո̤澳ӵս˾̾˵
һº͵˵ҵǸãݰ񵥣ȵ츳ء
ҲôΪ濪ڡ
澳ּѾ֮ΪһҪε䡣ǧҲûʲô̵˼
ҶͬһĴڣȻһϷϵˡ˵ҲĪĻԵܾһûκͻ£Ȼû˻ɵȥǵһԼĴڡ
츳ôǧЩνüңȻ赭дĵʲôɡڰ˰棬ʣ¡ţʣʮһˣ
ǧ˵ţ˵ľȫ΢΢һ
ʣʮһ
ԶսѾȥʮʱ䣬ͨ˵ʮʱ䣬ѾǺܳһʱˡȺʿ˵ʮ꣬Ĳʲô
˵ô졭ʣʮһһԶսٶȣƺи찡
˵һΪôҲüء
īаꡭҴӳ죬Ҳꡭǵöð
ףнѾΪһľͷˣīһЩ˼άʽȻǰСʱɵϰеġ
˵ؼھʣʮһˣֻҪһͻή١ǡҲͳɹˣ
ո˾һԭҲΪ
Ҫˣ
ЩˣϾͳˣ


1553 ն
ʥ໥һۣӶԷпһĨϲ֮ɫںӵıӻ£ڳī׶εİ¡Լû뵽Ȼȫͦ׶Σ
⼸ͷȻȥûôǷкӺͳīҲǳ֣
Ҳ˵ڻϾѾǵڳɹ˷
⣬ˣ
ӴԶսΪеһִҪټ̫ϸӣҪȥǡʥԶսΪľǳ
ǵȻĽī֣Գ澳츳䣬鶼츳ġ̫鶼ŬһܹõŬ̶ƥջġ
Ѿȥʲôʱܳɹ̤澳飬飬˭볤ԣϷ񣬾ͳΨһѡ׷
ҵǣкεյֵܣгīѪѡ
˵ʱҾãǵȾͿˡ
ͷԲɱ˭Ը
ǧŶЦЦû˵
ڳЩˣһһ˭ɱأ
ȻҲȥЦΪ˵ģҲʵûɱ¾Ҳǵı⡣
˵ܹڵģȻǴʥʿҲ϶˲õı¡ԣȥʣһƬ޽УҪȥǸһҲûôס
˵ţһɵĲһš
ȫ΢΢һ
īһ˫У漴âΣವһ¾ʧˡ
Ⱥ˵ľʶУīǵɱ¾ɣ
ոǵһ֣īѾӦˣǲھ棡
Ҳ˵ԼжĳԹĳޡȴ̫ˣ
갵棬ɽʧܵĻ֣оҵķݶȻī֪ѾˣΪʲôһȻˡⶼûϵɱʲô˽ˣ
һǸոճ澳ľ콾һǳɵ꣬ȴܵĥֲ䵽ʥϱ澳ͷ˫һսұذܣ
ûκ飡
Ϊīûгɵʱ򣬾Ѿƾʥ۷սԺ˵ľͷˡ
ҵ棬ҲǺصԸӵľأû뵽˰ôֻʣʮһˡ
֮ǰţŲͷ­ī㲻ܳ׻ī֮٣īҲˡ
ȴû뵽һ˲䣬ԭʮ˵İ˰һӾûʮ
ʣʮһˣ
ôٳڳīǰīкӵ顣ʲô³
ֻҪɵ뵽ɵʮ˵Ͳˣ
ͻ
ԣķӦҲǼģڷְ˰ʣʮһ֮תˡûӹ˵ʶ
һ˲䣬īΣѾ˾ʶΧ֮ڡҴݳң㻹ָӹ𣿡
һ仰Ҳ˵ûʲô˵ģĳīƴܣȫĵУȫٶϣΪֻʣһ·ڶģԶսУ˱
ֻҪʣʮͻ֣ʱ򣬳īҲʧȥɱ塣
ȴС˳īɱľġΪΣīŹ
ھѾֻʣʮˣ·ѾɱһīҲŹ
мȻŻʼҵѪûŹִˡ
ӲڳˣԿȥҲŹ㣡īѹƬա˼ѹ
治òӦͷ­УӣѾɱĴ˲֮䣬ޣûҪɱң
ڷųͷ­һ˲䣬ϵķӡ⿪ţдʥΪĲܸīһ鷳һ㡭ҲǿԵģ
ȴû뵽ͷ­ɳһ˲䣬㷢һŭ𣺡ӣٶɱϷԩͷծɱҡҲԩһҪɱ˾ң갵棬
Ķ汻̣ȴûκͣѸʧããǺӡ
īϻû˵һƽͷ­飬ξ
ʲôϻǶҵУһܣ
Ҳû뵽ī˸ɴ࣬ȻѾϣڱӡʱҲ֪˰ʣʮһˣ
ī޾棬ֽնɱˣôͻ
ʣһͷ­ôˣ䵽ʥôˣֻҪ˷Ǿ
ȫû뵽īɱǵľģȻǿҡ
ʵҲǣлɱīŹ콾
ǲġ
īɱ˲һɲǣƬ񷣬һɸѹԶսϢ˲֣
Ȼ󣬳īľʶУŰ˰񡭡˲ӡ
һȫɴɵĹϰ񵥡ǰϣ̫ġ
ʮ֣ȫ˸Ž⣬ɴģǰ֮ϣ
Ȼ֮ϣҲһž޴ƥѹԶսĽɫ
Զսϵʮ֣Ű֮ϣ
īһӾ֪ôˣ
֮ǰû㱻濳ԴԶսķ֮¡ҲԶսϻŵ飡
ԣǵʮһˡǸҲǲ棡
㣬涼û뵽
ȻĻ֮ǰֱӽ泹״ʲôˣ
˵Ȼ澳ּ𣬳ϵĴڣҲȻʱ
ʱһɺޱߵΰǽɫϽ١ע뵽Զսʮ嵱С
ΰֱǿ
ע뵽ʮ嵱һ̣˵ϣһϺơ
ţÿ˵ľʶУҲһϵˮһĶ
Ȼûκνͣ񻹻Զսϵʮ飬ҲҪκεĽ͡һӾʲô

ⶫͷ
ҪԶԶ֮ǰĵ̨
ĴڣҲȺǿȫ޷͵ġ˭֪һ̡ǳˣΪ˷Ͽɵġ飡
ʱڳīǰľ̲סЦ
Ц˵⣬˿⣬Ҳ˿īӡɱѽˣ磬СӣôȻһʼû뵽⣬
īվû˵
ΣƺЩҡΣǾȻһ˿Ѫ
ն
ڸոգˮһʶһɲǣȻ˺ܶ£Щ̫ࡢҲ̫ãԳһʱ䳤ӣ
Ȼī־磬Ҳͬûа취һӼеһжû취һз͸
ⲢһĶķУһֱܣ
īֱӶն
һΣնǾſѪ£Ҳ˲佫ȫע뵽ն嵱С
һ
ѣ


1554 ʯ
¡¡
ոγɵֱӾڳīľʶб
Ƭ
ÿһƬ֮ÿһƬڷ
ŭǲţ䣬Ȼ˸Ҿܾ־Ȼôˣ
Ƭ뵽īľʶУԳն
նȻڷնЩ
īˣֵǣľ粻ûܵ˿Ӱ죬
̫ˣ
ī룬߱쵶ָ档

īɭ
һ˲ն
ǱѾӵľζ벻īѾնԼ벻īȻ֡
ԣ޷
Ҳˣ
òҪ
ˣ
ˣ
粻ˣ
ô
Ȼˡ
ͷ­īһ߱Ƿ˫ĵ棬ھҵ֮ϡһȥһΪȻֱӱ顣ͷ­ըϡá
壬Ҳīһ
ξ
֪ǲǵһԶսϵ񣬵īһ̫ھס
Ⱥ˸ϵʱÿһĻ
˶𺳵ˣѾ񣬳
Ȼī׺ŵˡ
һ𾪵ֹ˽԰ֻú첻µز£ûаη˺¡ʵȻηġСӡη尡
ʥڴ˴ٶȣһ㣬Ҳȫˡ
Ǿҵĳ鴤ţͻȻīѡ˴㣬Ѿڷˣ
Ȳڷϣɱһġ˵īĿ˲˼顣
Ϊʲôᷢ飬ܲµʮа˾ǳīܾ
ȻĻΪʲôϣ˳ī֮⣬˶ڣûīų⣡
ǧ˵᲻ΪīѶһ֣˷򣿡
ҡҡͷǳīԼܾİɡ
ǸʼճĬųīüͷȴڷ̫ԭΪīһֱ֣ӱȡʸŵƶϣǳīԼܾģ
ΪʲôҪܾ
ѹԶսŽɫ棬ֻʣʮ˸֡
ī֣ȫʧϡ
ʱ򣬳ī۵һٴ³һѪϵƣȻٴ˼֡
ľ磬ȻѾ澳ڣһԾﵽ澳ڵĲΣ
һĻٴο˸Ϲˡ
ţһĻˣ
īһǸԭھ񣬾Ȼųī߷˹
棬񡭡նң
īޱ̧һ
ֱӻĿ顣
ţīһնȥ򵶣
ȥȻֻһڳЩˡӦ˵Щȫīһ˲䣬նȥ򵶡񣬸ն˼Ƭ
īУҲһɺϢϢĻĲǵУ
ϢһȺ񣬶̲סԶԶ˿һ𺳵Ŀųī
Ϣ֮£Ƭ䡭ʧһɶ
Ȼ󣬳īľ磬ȻٴȻûиոյһô࣬ȴҲóīϵƣһܶࡣ
⡭ô£
Ҳ̫ˣ
ѵ˵ɱ񡭡ӶԷ񣿡
໥һۣɵʶľԷԶһ㣬һȫľ롣
ΪʵǼֱ̫ˣ
˵нһֱնɱԷȡԷ顣Ⲣסһһĵô׾ͻᱻӶģ
ң澳ľͷӶ˵Ҳ
īı仯ȴĿõġ
īԼú֡ҲûоԼӶ˾ҵĵϣûմȾйصκ
ҲѾˣĲξ
һۺǣīӺӺʥУֻ˹ĺ͵ǡ˵Уȴ˸ָӵĹâͬڣͷԳīĸоģһ־衣
ʱѹ֮۵Žɫ˲һţһƥ
ҲãӵҲãЩԶսϻŵҲãȫɫĴ
ӳųī𣺡ֵܡ㱣أ
ֵܣ
ǵģһ̣ѾĽīԼֵˡ
̫ǳīδˡ
ʱ̫ȣûѯʵĻᡣ
ǹƥƺƿ˳īʮ뵽ɫ֮󣬽ɫ˲ʧӰ٣
ƬԶսķӡһ̣Ҳ״ˡ
īλãĵˡ
֮⣬ǾǱɢޱɱɱǾͷմȾҲҪܵش
Ϊɱ
ɱԳī˵ûκвеոսɫϽٵһƿ˳ī
ڣ
ī
ʱ򣬲֮ϣնɵƯ
˵⻰ֱ˳˯īܸоһΣ͸֧÷ǳΪ磬ܵһӰ졣ڻάת
ʱһŻʮͻأĳ˳īǰ
Żȹϵʯɣ֪˶£ʯЩˣԿѾģĻơƷǳǳ򵥣էһȥ׾ӵĸоǹգ˵ĸоеСɵġκţ¸ܲʲôϡ
īȴһݣעʯšȻϸܵһϣһѪУһΨҶİ
ʯŵˣݶһ˫Ĵڣ
īģܵ˼𶯡
Ǳ𺳵ˡ
ʱʯţϢĿһɲɣϢʱ
һƬ磬ʲô
ī΢΢ԥһ£߱죬˽ȥ
ȥ֮ȻһƬĿռ䣬īʶչȴԼܲκεĶ
·Ǹյ磬ʲôûеĵط
ٻףȴʯţȻʧƺûй
īһ֮֮η壬ԶսӦ̤롣
漴ȥ
һߣǺܶꡭ

ͨ硣
һĺ嫴硣
̾ŴʵǿĿֲʿһ飬ӵ֮
ǰǣҪ֮ͨ磬չʾһ
ͨȻ澳ʿҲᱻķѹơķʵ̫ǿˣǿ󵽻еһνе֪룡
գһʮ۵աǸ磬Ǿߣ
ȴУ
һ澳ľͷһǧѾǺǿˡ
ҪһƵ߸һ򣬸ǲܡ
ɽˮͨ˵Ļ˵ǣʵ
ÿһɽ֣澳ʿҪһһɽҲûôס
ԣͨսƻ̶ȼС
Щ棬ʥʿܴһ½ʥʿҪһʯþȫ
һУζһͼ磬෴ĲΣߵĳ̶ȣ
ΪҪַ
ȻĻͱˣ


1555 ͨ
άֲ죡
һʥʿͿԴһͨ粻֪ڶǰѾˡ
ԣʱ䳤ӵΣ˵дߣһ֣ķ
Ȼ澳ľͷҲҪⷨѹơ
ȥⲢһ磬澳ľͷﶼҪܵѹơƺڵưԡʵϣе澳ͷ֪ͨĹҲҪ
澳֮£޾飬֮ͣ
Ϊһ̤뵽磬ɲ񡣳Ϊѹǧ
ͨķʽֻһ֣ͨԶս
޾»ͨУҲʼʿ
ǶЩʿ֮ĺӣܶ˵ķ֮һȺˣͨԾӡ
磬Ӵû֪ľͷȻܹͨ飬Ҳ֪ͨһ·
˵̫ǸĴڣҲݳ··
޾ͨʹŸΣ
Ⱥ飬Žɫ֮󣬾ͳɹͨ硣ʮ˸ߣĵһȺˣԳǹˡһνӴԶս˶
ߵһˣڸȺ˵齲ŹͨһЩ顣
˿ȥᣬҲ޵һȾ־أӡûһ˿̻ƺҲᣬߡºȴһ˿֮ġûܿʵ䣬ʵ硣
һΣ޾ͨбΣաⲻ˵Цʵͨһôӵ棬Ҫһٵԣԣ̫־磬Ҫֻȥͨ˷Ȼ־ĴڣȻͨУҲ
Ůº͵ĸ˽š
ڶΣ֮ͨ⡭
ȺУ澳ͷüͷ̲ס廰֮ͨ⣿֮ͨ⣬Ļ磿
Ů΢΢һЦǧ磬֮ͨ⣬ȻҲǴ硢ġȲҪʺ˵λȻһİ飬Ȼͨ磬ҪŪһ硣ǰɣ
澳ͷһ죬Ѿ֪û˵ˡƫƫ˿ƢŮȻͲΣŮԵȺˣһ϶͸ޱȱ뺷Ϣһ澳ľͷʿ
ոȺЩ˵澳ľͷӦǿ͸һУһȻŶôôô뺷ĿҰϢ
Ůӽ˵˵ͨ磬źܶ棬ÿһͨͬ棬ӶγһĴĻô֮ͨ⣬ͬкܶšЩ֮ĵش֮ΪҵءһƬ޵磬ʲô鶼УǼģ˵ģûģû˵ġšҵػӣΪࡣȴҲǿ飡ûзֻƻû飬ֻɱ¾飬һõĶǵֻƻɱ¾
˵ɫȫ
ŮӿˣҲһЩ飬ҵ϶뵽ͨ磬ͻչֲƻɱ¾֮ǰ˵ˣͨ磬Ͳȶ޾֮ǰѾбΣ֡ԲϾͷ֣ͨķԲ̫Ͼʿȥذ˷ȻȻкܶ©֮㡣Щ©֮㡭ĵ˺Σ
Ů˵⣬΢΢һ٣ˣȻһת˵һΣԭӦóʮǿʿȴǸݷļ¼ݵһˣնԼȻɱһѾʿ˴ʯš֪ǣʯ֮ٴγֵĵطʵǻҵأڣӦѾΪһˡ
⻰һڳĺܶˣɫȫ졣
м߳ľͷȫ¶ϧ֮顣Ǵûиī֮йκûм档ⲢǶԳī͡
ųīȻն񣬽ʯšʯűǻҵء⼸ѾǱˣ
ΪʲôնԼ񣬾㷸˴ͻȻʵ
Ůº͵˵ն񣬵ھܾͨٻǶһİҲΪͨҪ˵һ飬һΣǽ˵ĳΪһԱȴնɱһĳԱⲻǷ˴ʲô
ɣЩ˵ͨɡӴͲһƢõļһһ˫۽ĹâŮӣһԶսû֪߱񣻵ڶʱǸ֪ʲô壻֪ˣ˭ӦΪһԱˣ
ⷬһвپͷаޣҲ˵ǵĿˡ
Ů˵жڳЩͷ˵ļһҲûУ
һİƾʲôҪ˵ЩĪĻƾʲôûͬͳΪǼһԱˣ˭涨ģ
ⷬҲŮԲ˵ü֮䣬һĨŭɫǿҰУ¶ɱ
ȻӦõͲں
ǴʥǸʱ򣬾ͷˡԼ澳ľͷܱе飬ûмԣڸӦЩϵɱ֮󣬺ӵһ˫У˲䱬һǿҵս⣡
Ϊ߻ֵܵԵʣӲûеһʱ䷢
ŮЦҡҡͷɺº͵˵˵⼸ɣһû֪ȥڶʱǲ֪ûϵ֪ˣⲻǴ𲻴Ӧ⣬ǹ򣡡
Ц˭Ĺ򣿡
ͨ壬ͬƶĹÿһΣʵֲ澳ʿǶˡһһòΪӢӣȺ߳
ЩԶÿһ·ӵɫ䣬
ŮӿӢӣ΢΢һü˵Ŷʲô
ǺǣװĽһ˴ߵ飬͹㿴ȻءװĽ㣬ʵ̫ˡСйŶӢ˵ţĿӣΪ澳Ƕô˲õľ磬ĺۿˣһˣ澳
ΣЦһм
ˣŮͻȻһȻŶҵ飬뿪
Ŷһ֣ƺԼķŭƲƲ죬Ȼ˵ʶģɣҲʣһλˡеģ
˵꣬ŶԴĿһȺˣ˵ѡˣҲҪѡһзչġӣȺ߳Ƶ澳ͷҲֻܳΪһȺĻúɣ
Ůŭˡ


1556 
ŶͷҲصת뿪ڰ֣ˣװĽ㣡
ŮžɫϣһĨŭ糺죬һЩȻĿ͹Ŷ뿪ˣһ˿
Ȼһ˵ûƭǣ˵Ķʵ飬ҲȥǡǶһİ飬һʱĻһЩӦһʱ䡣
ӿŮӣ˵˽磬ǻԼʱ䣬ҪûʲôһҲûʲôȤԡûȤ뵽κһȥԣټš
˵ţԵֵܣҪ𣿡
ȻȥǾȥʥȻ澳ľͷȴȺٰ㣬ټֵ߸ͬġô׿Լ£
Ů̾Ϣһ˭Ҫߣ
ʮ˸˵Ķ鵱Уʥʿʥһʮ
񣬳ʥ֮ʮʿ֮⣬վһ澳ʿƬǿ磬ֽҲûκܹѹ
ʮʥʿ֮ûԸĪĹ壬ڹ
Զսϻ˾粻Щͷ֮⣬ġʵʲôˡһȻĶ̰壬ŮһȺɢű뺷ҰϢ澳ʿҲֻгĬķݶ
ôҪ뿪ġܺãܺãŮƺˣؿھҵţţֱȡһһơ
ƷǳϣԿŴġ
ŮֱӴ߶ĬĬ˼ھ
ʱ򣬰ڣʥЩ澳ͷȫڵһʱ䣬оԼͷѣһ˲䱻ѹޱߵʹ֮⣬ûаһ嫰ĵУʱ˿̣ʩչ㣡
񡭡񡭡⣡ӱԴʹ
⡭
һıоͷ˻
Ⱥ澳ľͷζû뵽Ѿ˼ȴ޾£ɱ޾֮󣬵ľȻֽ
磬ʧ͸
ѹƣͬУȻɡѾʧȥˣ
֮ǰǻȸԾǳΪ񡭡ȻǱƺǵһֶΡ˴˿̣ȺʹֵľͷĿУֻʣһͷīǲֽ֪ԣնŵҵءҲԸͨ磿
Ӽȴû뷨ųīƷ
īն񣬿϶бԭ򣡶֮ǰ˽ͨ
⣬Ѿûκˡ
ҵʥǵľ籾ûе澳أʹ࣬ʹĸоʱ˭һʹ죬һɱǣһмġ
ŮӲûд߶̫ãʥҪˡͣȻ˵ǲúңҪֻܹԼơÿһδ˹кܶ಻̵ܽ飬ЩĺģɴĴҲɱǣҲҪҡ
Ϊʲôһͷ£һʹĿŮӡ
ŮʱһϿ˵ͨ干ͬУϵķͬһУǼƶͨʱһƶġֻһִߡҲˣҲ˵ҡԣϣܹҡֻһƣֻһλᡣҲ˵ӽǾҵ£ңȻӦĴءԡˣ
һƸ桭
ڳЩͷҪˣ
ֶΡֶѾ֪ûˡȴǱ档
Դʹ಻ֵܣʲôҲû˵ҲûȴзģΣҲҪʶеնͬʱҲҪֵһն
һ뷨澳ͷڡ˵ưһľͷˣ䷲ˣҲûмԸⱻ˿ưɣ
ڱ棬̸ʲôأǲǳ
ǿȺе뷨Ů˵նȥǾͱˣٵһ˲նȥһĳɹʡڣǿնֻҲס
һ£ȫĬˡ
֮ǰʮûκζĴʥЩͷ۾֮ͬɫȴޱȵķŭңȴûһֻ
ʱ˵򲻵ѣҲû˻ѡǱƵüˣֺηǶѾĹ飬ġСҲʩչʲôӲʩֶΡȻУⲻǾԶᷴн뵽ͨе飬һĽͬԼĽֽɳͨе㣬᲻ġԣǵ֮ĴڡǲЩӡ
滹ѪԵģκһʿʵѪԵģ
⻰һŮЩ˵ϣʱ¶ɭ֮ɫ
һɢſҰƵ澳ʿ˵ϻ˵ɸһս
浭һЦŮӡ
Ůӱһ˵ó˼Ҫսʱ¶ɫ
ʱɢſҰƵ龳ʿС㣬޹أһӣҳЦǣҾҪɫĺˣҲ
ЦЦŮӣֻҪ񡣡
Ů룬ͷͬ⣺дһ°ɣҪ˼
ֱɢһƬյء
ȻɢſҰƵ澳ʿֱӳ֣һȭš
һȭһɺ嫿Ұƣնһ
Щ˵һ㶣漴Цֹı仯ǲӦ
ͷ֮ս涼Ҫҡģ
ȴֻܽմһ
ʱҲˣ
治ʲôģǱ˴ģ
̧־һ
һ֮ǰ״Ƭ򡣻˲ҷ
ڴ˿̣ȴֻܽմһѺۣ
ȶԷǵҪ¶ˣ
ԣͬŮڣߵˣ϶¶֮ɫ
ȻǹȥӸЩ澳ʿһ֮Ϊͷʵûô̫Щ˷ġ
綼ŪһȺˣʲôͷ
˵ˣ澳Ǿͷˣ̫Ͻʲôֽ̫֮ʲô
ԣһȺܰˡ
ڣĲȺǾܵ˼ˡ
澳ʿôܽմѺأͨ簡
飡
ŮǸɢſҰϢ澳ʿֱӱһȭɳȥڰУͿѪݺˤǧһɽϡ
¡¡
ɽâ˸ֽ˻
ʿݺˤڵϣû
ʱŮӿ˵񣬳ױˣЩ


1557 ҵ
΢΢һЦϲȻǿ󣡿ģơҿԳŵǣƣҾ׶áǿ£ұشλ
űıսˣվһ
ȺˣǶʵôһЩغ͸õĴкηأ
һȨ൱ءոյĹŶǹűͬĸĵܵܣԽ֮䣬ȴûа顣
һηƱűõ֣²֪ж˲ȴû취űϲȻĸ׶ôּ⣬ûܹΥġ
õƣ͵ǽӹһ޴Σ
ҪȺˣ̤ͨսȥЩҵս
ս൱пᣬ䡣ǵʤôڹĵλҲܹҡ
ͺӵ໥һۣоΡһ磬ûʲôáֵֽ֮ܿǲܸıˡ
ʱȫǳīΪǵڶ֪īôնԼġҪа취ĻôΣҲҪټī

īоԼƬռУѾ˺ܶ죬ǰһƬʡļ̣׻ɷԼΪԭ̤
Ϊĸߣ߶Զã˷һĳȴʼûͣᶨһһֱǰߡÿһûֹͣУϵʮѪ£ҲڷٵĻָš
ī֣ĻָٶȣٶȽءΪٶȿĻҪκԷٵĻָš
īûмӣΪֵطʱûκ壬һߣһնϵնȥеʡ
̤뵽֮󣬳īڿʼʮѪµǿ֮ˡԽԽߣʮѪҲԽԽǿܷӳҲԽԽ
˵ܻѪ£ศɣɢŹϵϢóī֪˺ֻǶܰΪطƺʲôûС
īҲʹʮѪ¹ͨ飬˼ն͹һͨЩ˽֮⣬߿Ѫ¶ͨûж˽⡣
ҪΪɵʱ䲻һī͵괴ʮѪ£ʵҪΪͨ׼ԣ𿴲ͨУ֪ڵ΢΢֪ˡǼûУ
һǲ֪꾿ʲôī˵
ЦǸʱҲոյǣԺܶļ䣬ʵҲ̣Ȼ֪һЩ飬кܶ棬нƵġն͹һҲһ
һǵģȷġǵĺܶ䣬˽ơ
ն˵׼ȷ˵뿪ͨһ̣Զ˷ӡˣֶҲ죬Ǳ˼ּ䡣ԣҪնǸʱǲһȫ֧
Ȼīʵ
ȻĻܿأն̾˿ҺնǶҲ˴˺ܴĹط
ĶīüʵЩһθЩѪ¹ͨ
Ӧǻҵء˵⾿ǸʲôĵطҲˡ
īͷܴǿ֪ô飬ѾܲˡѾ֪Ǹʲôöġ֮ǰ˵ϣЩʮ֮˾ŲԸϡ
ͨеĶһսôıζ⣬һľ֣
ī񻹿͸ֵʲô
֮ǰĪõĺĵҲ֮ͨǰǸԤԡһжϵһڳīУѾ¶һǡȫʲôҪгһգͨʱ򣬲֪
ȻѾ֪طҵأīıø̤ʵеɢȥ죬е࣬ҲˮʯʱֻҪһŵǼᶨģôһȳԼӡ
һģ
ӣīȻһ˹¶ǰУĬĬ
еıѾ׳ͣ̾ڵϷź嫵ǧĻڱܣ˸貵ĹԡųīϵǳǧĵҲڲϷű仯
īۣȥ죬ΨгīԼԼ̨Ѿ뵽һޱľ磡ѾԽ澳ΣǷ̫Ǹ򣬳īҶԡȴѾ˼Ϊķ
īҵܹôΪŷֲĹϵ
ұϵɵҲǳīҪֶΣҲ˼ĳɳ̨֮ϣһѪɫ档
߱죡
ѽӡϣ
ȵľԵ̨ϣŸֻתɢĵϡ
Ÿ֣ĴԴһַԴͷīȻܳ׷ѰеȫһֱŬûзԾԵ
ϵԣӦǳīһֵˡķ𷨱ԴһͬһַԴͷԣӵ޾ܣ
īǸСУʼûнܣӲ˵ԼʺܾͨˡǸСҲ֪ȥˡīҲѾкܶûмˡ֮ǰī׻ƴʱҲʶǹ׻ƴѰҹˣҲûзɵټ˵ǸСѾ뿪׻ƴ
īҲôкܶǿķţȫǳ¡ǵǿȫȡڷ𷨵ľ̶ȣĹϵôر
ҪڶʱѰҵһԵĴߣӦúѡīڷ֮ҲͲپܾʼ
λؿڵ֮ĵ̨ϣСѾ˺֦ܶ࣬ͬһ㣬ȥѾδĳΡ
֮Ҫһ֮еһ
īҪӶĻ˲仯ħܽһΪɲǼɣ
ôܴĵУҲû̫ĺôܵ˵Ǳ״ġԣ򲻵ѣīҲᶯֶΡ
ڹؼʱ̣֮ͬҲԻΪһֶֹΡֻԳīĹֶ˵ҪܶࡣԣīҲ̫ܻʹá
īִʵϣǧһ֣µĻֻǳīЩȫӵи߲ε죬ӵ޵δܡ
ҪЩγǿսΪģԼ
īûоʱ䣬ֻǴŹһ£Ƭ޵ĵطӦһ࣬߳ˡ
ǰٻ磡
һƬİ򣬳ǰޱУȻʵ֡ɵġ
ҵأ
طĻҵأ
ֻĵһ飬൱Ѻá
һ棬ԷҪɱ


1558 Ŀ
ī֪ⶫǴðġʮֳªΣȴһƤüĴֻһֻۣԲšԴëϡ裬ɢȳζŴʥ۷Ϣīһ˲䣬ʱצ˹ͬʱֻ۵Уһ⣡
óīЩԾǣȻѾ澳
һʥ۷Ĺһӵ澳ƣ
ĺܲ˼飬Ȼǳīڴʥ۷ʱҲ˵ּĹ
īΣ˲ʧԭءǵӵ澳Ĺֱӱī
ٶȣҲǹһķӦҲǼģһУ˲Զߡո˳ʱȻо崫һĸо
ͬһӿֲϣ
ֻ﷢һ£
ͬﵽ澳ʿһĲΡһĴʥһ֮£嶼˲飡
һֱ֮ĸоʧˡȻûг׷ģͬһƤʼ÷죬һ˲䣬Ͼһҽ
գպˡɢޱȳȵ
һУֻ￪ʼĴѰ
īʱͷĿ
ʲôΪʲôҪңīһ
ʱһУһֻצֱӳųīץ
צޱȷ˸űĹâɢɱ
ϣ
ī̧־һֱնצ档
꣡
һĹͷ𣬽ţֻ㷢һҺһֻצӣīӲ飡
īǺ嫵ĵУֱӽֻһֱ۶ˣ
˲ˣȻתӣ
ϣ
߱ٴ
һΣһֱۣīն䡣
ȫ޷ͨǾȥɣīѹƬա
ֻʱսսͣӲһΣֱײˡ
תѾõдµֱۣīĿУη塣
ʲô飿Ϊʲôңīʵ
ҡǶĿ飬ԡСĳײɣУ˿־塣īȴܸоԷƺûô¡Ӧãʲôֶûʩչ
·˵أ֪ﶼʲô飿ϸϸ˵ī䣬һǿĵʼѹϣѹü
ûԥֱ˵ǻҵǶĿءϷҶĵ̣ǳɵأѪӴ򡣡
ʲôʲôɣʲô𡭡īû˵־硣ҲпֻһֳƺŶѡ
ͨʲôطīʵ
ֻͨĿֳִֻ۾ųīԥһ²˵Ҳ֪
ȥɣī˵ţ̧е߱졣
Ҫɱң˵˵Ŀŵû£˵ɱɱңȫ˵
ڶĿֵĽУī֪ҵʲôطˡ
Ŷ֮Ļɫش֮ĵطԣ飬£ȫġ
ҵسɱ¾ıѺƸǼҳ㷹ΪԽԽࡣҵصԴͷǳⲻһ棬ǺܶıԵشЩطͬ޽Ĵ档ܶطȴխǧҵص˷Щıݣ
ֱݣûܹơڶĿֵ֪Уûܹǵݵġ
ҵ޷뵽ЩȥҵеΨһܹģѾЩ˵ͨ
ӻҵؽͨһѷ졣ѷ죬ֱƿء
иոնĿ˵ĸһΪаơռ˻ҵص
ǿ˭īʵ
ǿģǴа棬ռŻҵǸطҵأԴĵطһѷ죬澳Լ澳֮µ뵽ͨУȥӶԴĿ˵
˭īʵ
Ŀ˵ġǶĿˡǶĿûʲôǿߡ˵⣬סڲһĿųī
Ǿ뵽ͨ𣿡īת˻⡣
Ŀ˵ûÿ꣬ǵൽ޷ɵʱ򣬾ͻͨһΡŻģԴͨԴģˡ
īĿŶĿ֣˵Щģ
Ŀظ֤ģƭɣ
ãȥɣī˵ţ߱쵶һһֻĿָˡ
㡭šĿֻû˵ֱ꣬ˡ
īһЦŲĿ˵˭ǿ˭ֻҪ˶ĿĻڣððʧʧĴȥ»˲䱻У
ֵطҳΪһģ
īҲܴ·ֱĿЩġҪɱһ޴ġ
ɱֻĿ֮󣬳īʼŶĿķȥӲҪжһʵ˵Ŀ˵һѷ죬˽뵽֮ͨСī²⣬ѷ죬϶ûô׹
ȻĻͨǱߵǿߣΪʲôܷɱҵеЩ飿
ôͨǱȥġΪˮ
īԼƣӦþû֪ġƣôҲҪúһ¡
ʮ죬û飬һ죬īڿԶɵһ޴ĳǣبɢޱȻֺơ
Ǿǻҵеһ޴ǽޱȸߴĽι״ûκһġ
飬˷Ƿȥ
īԶԶĿţȻ壬ֱӷ˱仯һֻĿģҡڵĳǷȥ
һ·ϣī̫ĶĿ飬߰ݣߵͣһĳҲûĸ࿴īһۡǶĿϳӰȻҲû˻뵽˾ȻҼðĿ崳
ī֣ЩĿ飬ǴʥģʥҲܶࡣٵ͵ġ澳ġҲǳϡ١
ī澳ĶĿ鿪ʼÿһ澳ĶĿ飬ӵкܴųǰӵսҡС;ЩʥʥĶĿ飬ȫ׷ױá
Щòģ򱻺ǳһ⵽Ź
ǶһɱѪϢһ˿顣
īţۿǰһ澳ĿĶ飬ûڰзУڽֵϺС
һŮԵĶĿ飬ֻʥΪǣһĿСӣǸСӣȥϢǳ֮ȻֻǸε
ڳīǸʱ׻ƴ־磬ҲˡڣҲ˵ձ˵־ʿҲǺ顣
ڳīУǸŮԵĶĿȻǺܳġͬУŶˣǸ澳ĶĿǿ߿ǸŮԶĿʱֻУ˲¶˷֮ɫһӡԵ£ֱӳȥͽǸŮԶĿץ
ǸŮԶĿ鷢УҪ


1559 ý
ǱŵĺҲ޺ֱһâĸ׵ǸĿʥ
ٺ١ǸʥĶĿͬһ⣬ֱǸСĿĹâ˲ͽǸСĶĿ庢Ӻ
ǸĿŮԷ춯صĿ޺·жĿ壬ȫĿбӣһĮʲô鶼ûзһ
ʱǸĿŮԣ֪ô߹ĳīֻ¶֮ɫȾҡ
īûɶĿϣûκα飬ȴЩ鴤ʲô壬ֻҪǻ۵飬վиġīУȴҲЩԥ
ʱһ˲ī
ֵģȴǸץŮԶĿĴʥĿ
īһǵֱ䵽ԣһ档һ㵭ĹΣǽϷֱεСеĽȫǿķڻ֡
ȻĻոǸһһܰǸˡ
󣬳īǶĿı
ī̧ͷһǸĿ壬ڵӣҲһªĶĿһֻ͹Ĵ۾һĿĹâ־磬ҪģһĿĹǷǳ򵥵顣
¡
â˲ǸʥĿͷϡ
һܵĶȴ㲻īһ
һ£ʥĶĿԴһ롣ͨһˤڵأˡ
ϵĽֵϣĿĹȫվһ𾪵Ŀųī
˵ɱ¾ƽڳ澳жĿ鷢𹥻ġȴٺ١
Ȼīһֱͱһ֧ʮĿȫŭҪ͵Ĺ
ʱǸŮԶĿûֱˣȴҲû˭ȥע⵽
ʮâī·ϵĿȫ׷׶±
īͻܵĹУһâЩֵĶĿ塣
ȻֻһֶֹΣĹֶָ̫߳ЩĿ̫ࡣԣգۼ䣬ȺĶĿ壬ˣûһ³
ܶԶԶֵĶĿ嶼ŵЩǴûô׺ͬ塣ֱ̫ǿˡ
һ˵ôǿĶĿ壬߿϶ǰӵڶӡ
ī֣һڽϣһԲϾֱӿôǿģ
ʼգսǸɢ澳ϢĶĿһֱûжҲûжԳī𹥻һֻۣµĿųī
ߵȺʮ֣ѿϣ¶һ˿Цݣɱúã
īʱһԷõ
ʵϣ֮ϵ飬ͬ廹壬໥֮ĽַʽΪһֹͨʽҪ
īֻۣŶԷںܶĿУī־ֹһѱģơ
̫ˣȻý
֣ƺҲǿ󰡣Ӧòôýɣ
ǣмýģ
ֵϺܶĿȫţȻ˷ܵĿųī֪ýôļһ
Ⱥһ˶Ըˣߣֱҵ档ʿҺܿ㣬ңΪҵĲ°ɣսϵ澳Ŀɢһǹ֡Ȼī
һĻòٶĿȫĽѡܹõýδ϶ǰ;
īȴûеһʱӦɢһ㣬ʲôô
ýЦҲ˻죺ԴѵԴֻҪűҪʲôʲô
Ҫȥͨīԥɢ
Ѿ֣ЩĿɱǳѪҽƻͬҲзǳֱӵġ˵ǰλ澳ĶĿ塣ͺֱӣԼĿġֱӾҪīΪĲ¡
Ͷã򵥵һȡöԷֶΡ
ý΢΢һųīʿΪʲôҪȥֵط
īĬţûлش
ýһֻµĴųīʵϣҲھȣǿĶĿǴðģ
ĿȺӴ󣬶ҷܵٶȼ졣һ˵ò˼꣬ǾͻᷱܳˣȻ֧ŲȥʱҪôţȥ̡ҪôɳľӽͨɱΨһĿģ
ҵе飬ͨΨһĿģԴ˳ƻǲǲ볤ͣͨУϾĻԶȻҵغǲܣ
Ϊͨеܿġ
ܶǰҵصļһΣҪ׹ͨռ졣ܹȥģҲֻ澳顣ǳսĺܲҡͨʧءҵصʧӲң
ȫû
ܹӻĻҵ飬һ
ˣҵо飬̸ͨɫġīҪȥͨġ˵ûУȴϡ١
ðɣҴӦ㣬´δսһȥýԥһ£㿪ڴӦ
ʵڿīκûʵһٵĶĿ塣ÿһɱ֮ͨǰܶԱĶЩߵսΪܹŻҴԴġ϶Щߵ飡
һīҪȥͨĻҵ飬ý֮áҲĶĿʵϣǣû˭ýǰռˡ
ýߵЩĿ壬һȫԳīŭĿӡΪīոɱǵͬ飬ǲŲںΪīƺýϲǸеܲˬˣ
īһ°ЩĿ塣ԽýԽġϾһ澳ԼߣҪԵ̫ãŻв
īýһ𣬻صĸϡ
ýȻӳīֱӷָ˳īһ൱޴լԺ滹ϰٸųƶĿɫŮʱȺš
ý⣬īҲֻˡЩĿŮӣ࿴һ۵ȤûС
Ｘ֮󣬳īŪһЩ顣
ǣڶĿϰеһһ澳۷ĴڡīýԶԶһΣӶԷϵǹɲϣīоԼûаһܻ
ýҲѹīСĳҪȥȻĺѿ
ýУӦŵĺҲһݵĴνͨ¹պսǿߡ
Ŀ죬ҲǿߣΪĿ
ýĻǣĿһͷһٴΣ
˵һ̫Ͼǿ飡
ּĴڣīȻǾԶ֮ġŲȥǡ
ͷҶ𡢳ɡѪӴʹаҲȫ̫Ͼ顣
ƬҵأǶһ˸ǡ


1560 
ýҲ߳īǿߣѾ޾ûгֹˡǲȱԴҲԸַ֮顣ֻҪ̫𣬴ǵĵޣͲκ顣
īýбЩڸǿ𣿡
ýЩסˣͷ˵еġҲû˼ô
˵ͨҪ֪ô𣿡īʵ
ýбۿųīһһֱܺ棬ôôעͨǱߵ飿
һ֣ýġʵϣĿ飬һֵ֡ЩȫݵλĹ塣ԣý֪īû֮󣬸ǿĲѡΪ˵ī΢ױֻҪܸī㹻棬īͻһֱ
һ澳Ĳ£Լһ硣ڶĿ壬ҲǽĴˣ
˵ȥӣ
ԣýΪ˱ʾԼԳīӣһ֣֣صĽ˳īϡ
ԭһΪ˻רҪīīһâȥ۾Ϲ׷ˡýûй˸ϲīˣ
īԽǿ󣬵Խ࣬Խģֻ˵īΪȨġ
ҵķ򣬸еħ̲ࡣɱ¾סѹסɱ
īװԥһ˵ҵļˡͨǾȳ
ýûɣÿһιͨͨеĻҵȥˣ°ڡܹȥġǧֶûУ
ͨеЩʿԻҵֱ֮ǣһһκ顣
ȻҲ㣬ǵø㣬ǻŵļʣûеġýųīһѽľܸߣսҲǿûпǹʲôģ
īҡͷһϿңû뷨
ȷûУīķǳϿҡƨ˭ڶĿֵط
û־ýбۿųīЦһ䣬˵㲻õһ㣬һ㳬ˣҲûʲô
ûСīٴҡͷ
ýҡҡͷЩ⣬˵Ҫ뷨һҲҪ㣡
һΣīýʹһ¡
ҵصԴȻƶ񤣬ǶЩ͵˵ġ澳ּ˵ԶȱԴ
ýӳīԷָīԴȼܸߡܶԴīûмȫƼƷ
Ϊʲôʿ߲ε磿澳ľͷףԴ
߲ε磬ŸߵԴǵٶȱø죡
һ죬ýȥμһ飬֮ɫܲÿߺߵġһʱҵ˳ī
һ׼һ£ȥμս
ī΢΢һֻУȴ˷ܵĹâȥͨ𣿡
ͨýһ۳īɵЩˣǰЩһǣԴǷˣǶĿ嵱ôֱȥ
īһȥͨʱЩȱȱǿͷðɡ
СҲüû´Ļͨʱ䡭ҲˡЩĿ嵮ĺ̫ˣԴĵҲǱҲࡣȻĻǲôǵĶý˵ţЦһЩҲˬĶĿżңս¶ҡҿɲ£ӮˡͬдԴԻã
˵Դīǿ񡣲ò˵ҵЩԴԳī˵Ҳ൱ġ
˼֮ýŴֱӳˡ
УýԵĳīͷһۣĶĿսʿ֮ڣ
ѹѹվ˴Ƭռ䡣
ī̲סеզ࣬˵ôսʿ⻹ֻһеһľӡҪĿɱֵͨж飿
Щ鵱У󲿷ֶֻе𾳽磬ôҲ˸еͷƤˡ
ýûѵҲûжľٶֱӼսųΧһɱȥ֮ǰѾһС
ǣΧƫһǡشΧıԵڣҪȥͱ뾭ܶǡȥʱĵƽȥһսϢһᴫȥʱҪȥɾûôˡԣһ˾뵽еӸȥǡƫҪȥǣýֻУ˸ŵĹâ
īʵǳʱô죿
ýһѪ˵ܻ٣
īһΪýбֶΣ뵽ҪĿ飬¾Էһǣ
ýһ۳īȻ˵һĶĿ岻һ
ī΢΢һá
ý˵ǶĿУټ֡ĵĶĿ
˵ţý˵ҲһĵĶĿǺûˡģ˵ҵأڶĿ壬ҲȥҪúáþãͱġͬ顢ЩȫӵҲģֻҪúøңҲǴģǲǶĿ飡Ҷ㣬㣬Ӧõһݣ
īĵѵ˵һ￴ҲǶĿˣתһ룬ֲ̫ܡһܶɵļһҺѪķֳīǶĿ壬ģͶˡ
ͷڳīһͷ֪ˣ
һֱī߾һ̸ģԣҲ֡
Ŵ߳һε·ߣֱεĿС
·ϣīѾоǱһõߡȻĻĿ߳ô׼·
ºһƻֺ꣬ģòýǵĹųǣǰ
ýֵ֧һ˲䣬Ƕʱһ޴ķͬʱд飬ӳзɳȥЩңζû뵽ĿľӾȻܹ뵽ط
ýЦһɱ˭ܻŻȥ˭ٷƣ
ôӵսǰԱ
ī̾ţһȣֱӳɱȥ
öԳīķӦǳ⣬Ҳֱɱ˹ȥ
ԷȻǼʱ˷Ӧ̫ˣ󳹵չ
úͳīǿֲĹһʱ䣬ǵķͱƵˡ
˫˲;һ
ѪսûκζĽ
ýÿһγ֣ߴЩĿսʿҲʾбֲĳɲ£ֱһ
˫սһʼʤƽƫ˶Ŀߡ
ҽŭ˷죡
Ѫһ˲ͳϻɵաɰĴϿռһ˲ͱȾ˺ɫ
ɢǿ澳ĳ׷Գ壬һľߣýɱ
īֱվýߣɱųЩ顣


1561 ˴
˵飬ȫǻģÿ˺ܾóªĿĳīֱȽеĸоҵصҲȫôá
ȴûһ˿һԥܸɴࡢܹϡҲǳ
һ澳ĳ飬ŭźīߡī̧Ⱦһţ
Դ̤澳һ˳ս֡붼澳ľͷ
ָо̫泩ˣ
īһţֱڶԷϡûԳ澳ͷ­ߵ÷飡
ԷһҲ׺ޱȵĺڳīšīһ۸סˡͬʱǹɿֲƥ֮˲˳ŶԷĸ첲˶Է嵱С
澳ͷһֱۣҲֱӱ飡űġ壡
澳ľͷǿϴڣȻһ棬ͱī
澳ͷԪӶݳīĿ𺳣սսʽ޽ӽࡣĿЩɵʲôʱôǿĹֶΣ
īҲ˵ʲô̧־һȭ
һȭƴǿƳªޱȵĶĿצճɵȭȴӵܴһ
飡
һȭ澳ͷԪըֱӽԪ顣
ԪŭţҪʱ򣬳īϣֱӷɳһЩԪƬ
¯

ǹɿֲ澳ͷԪ񼸺ŵûɢ
ŷˣ
㲻ǶĿ塭㾿˭
һ⺰ɱսϣҲȻ˵ĶС
Ŀͬʱŭ
ƨһǶĿʿ
ǶĿ壬ѵǣ
ªĳ塭ʹǵıƣ
ֱǺ˵˵
ŭһƬ졣
澳ͷ뷴ҲûлˡΪƬ̵ĹԪƬȫīӲս˻¯Уʼ
ƴҪȥȴīĵѹơ
ǱĿһ۳īʲôҲû˵ֻȻڸս
Ȼ䣬һ澳ڣݺһõļϡ
һӿĴõһѪ˲ˡ
ͷԥļǿķޱһҪ֧Ŀŵ˧
ǵķǿٱ֮ǰī˵ҪǿҲӦˡ
ڲ׷Щʱ򡣳īվãûһ˿ԥֱȡ߱죬̤澳ͷԪĻ¯ͷǧս»塣ֱ߳˹
꣡
һնһϵĳ澳ͷϡ
һȻ澳ͷ룡
ֱֲֹ̫ˣ
ȻǼ˺ݽɫãҲ̼ϼݺݳ鴤˼¡
һﲻ˭սֲ̫ˣ
ʱҲûоȥЩҲȫץסԷһ澳ͷͬھ̬
īڵͷ֮ǰۣͻȻų޾Ľɫâݺݳһ澳ͷԷһƾ͸ˡڰУӾѾ
ֻʣԪֻӳųī˵ųȥ
ʱĿɶЩ澳ͷҲ׷׸ϵ
ǽʣµ澳ͷ¡
¡¡
ýһشֱӴϣ
־磬ѡ֮ͬսҪֳʤĻһǺܶ꣬ͬ
Ϊֱۣӻɱ˶Է澳ͷ
Сүˣ
Сүˣ
ĿɱСү
һʱ䣬սһƬʧ
ǿеСүҲøŴˡۿŴУԽԽ澳ͷɳ˹
īһߣʲô
ĿѣֻĿУѾʺѪɫѾˣųзɳЩ澳顣һҧԶֱӶӡ
īһȺĿ澳ƿնȥ
ʣȺĿ鳹ŭɶĳУնɱ
ⳡɱ¾һֱ˺ܶ졣ôȥڴȫû
ߵģһٸ
ңڳ澳Ĳ׷ɱУ˶ʮ;Щǵĳܳ衣
īһ·ӳ˳ĵ̣ýߣϳīڣʣʮˡ
澳ľͷϳīãҲֻʣʮ
˶Ŀĵ֮ýޡھӣȫҲеۡΪЩƷսУδҲͨ
ԣЩĿһ㶼ں
ںߵЩ
ԼǧĿɵ֧ţΪصľ񲿶ӣ
֧棬ģŴʥ۷Ϊ澳ľͷĿϰٸ
ڣ澳ڣֻʣʮʥĻʣ¶ʮ˵һսͻϴýеļҵף
صУĿĸ߲ҲһΣĻ
֮ǰǾСүͰֱ˸ڲϵУҲŪ׷ʲô顣
Ӧûгǣ֧ʵԿ̲̫ɣյĽȴκα仯ģ˳ɵһ׺;
Ȼ˸ҴֵطСү´󷢣ֱӴżӾͳ˳
һʼеĳҲûô̫£СүҪһս񫣬Ǿˡ˭뵽õߣȻгīһĴڣɱͬʿ翳вһסЩǿ߷СүΣյʱѾˡҲһݽɫȻ˻ֱӰСүˣ
ͱˣ
ԶĿһ޴ѣԳе˵֣֮ͬ
֪ɻ᲻˷
ҲĺܣһΣǳˣ޷ᣡ
ܹ뵽һصĿĳУһʱ䡭ͻᱻ˿ȻᱻĿԥ͸壬ƽϢ¡ˣȫԴҲͬᱻ乫塣
һ仰ˣ
ϵĺܳף
ߵЩӣҲһõ³
䡭Լ߻һࡣ
޹ˣÿųīֻͨ죬˵лл㣬ֵܣ㣬ûӳ˭ⳡս޹ءǱǣġ
īãذɣ
̾ϢһЦֹأô˵ɣڣѾһˣûˣûԴûݺ͵λ壬ں޲ܰҵƤĿ塭Ҳ϶ҵļˡ
˵ţųīЩӣǶ߰ɣߵԽԶԽãҵغܴ󣬿Բ˵ĵطܶ࣬߰ɣҲҾãаӦÿǡ㡭ųīʵĶı
īã˵һߣ
õЩҲ׷׹򵹣ͬ
õĶУ¶һĨжҡͷߣȥأ


1562 в
īһã˵ͨ
һųīڽ֮ǰ˵ⷬһãҪҡѾһˣһеԭԼֲñˡڻҵأҿ϶Ǳɡǽͨ˵һ
˵ţԼЩӣǾأ
ЩĿȫͷһȫƾԸ
һĿ澳˵һ⣬ǶܲҲһһˡԼҲûκλ·һ˵öԣȥͨɣǱߣҲһ٣ڻҵǿ
õͷ̾һУεͬʱҲǳ⡣޶ĿЩĻ쵰񽻸Ҳ޳ǸСүֱǳԱ˳ŵġ˵ûȥǸʲôȥҲУǧ֮òһóĴ壬ȻಲսսҲûʲôս֮ǰܲԱһţЩĻ£ͲܽһСү
¸һʾҲڵֺ˵лѻ±ɺأΪʲôҪȵѾˣһСүˣ走˻иƨ
õԹֱһ㡣
˵Щ飬Ѿһ嶼ûˡѾչⲽءҲֻһһˡ
ÿųīֿˣ˵ͨڣһôУĿǸڣ붼ˡǿ϶ϼӷκοɳ֮ǸڡҲˡǳƺһЩĿӰ϶һ춯صĴսԣҪֻͨʣ·
īͷ˵ֻʣϷҶ𡢶ѪӴвĴаڡ
˵ҶȿųˣҵأֻҶ壬ϵġǶĿ塣
õһ£һ澳ĶĿ˵ҶȻ϶Ŀ壬δؿǰ
ô˵ÿ
񣬿˵ѾǷĿˣĿ壬ͬһ㡣ҪĻҶǱߡ
û˵꣬ͱøϣЦͱˣʵҶôǶĿ壬ҲΪǼĿ巭ġ
˵ţý˵ѪӴ𡭡һ飬ʲôϵʱҲȥˡΨһܰǵģǴаˣ
ͨõīҲƬҵеļĸϸϢ
Ҷ壬ӦƬҵΪ̫ƽһطҲֻƬҵ˵ЩطȫȲ˵ġ
ҲֻиܵҵصգŻ׺ƽֵ
ѪӴᣬأͬҲ䡣ɱ¾ϡܹѪӴ飬ÿһжı졣
ɵؾ͸˵ˣ춼ڴ򡣴ˣԼҲ򡣷ûʲô̫ƽӡܹڶ⣬ÿһ鹲ͬԸ
аڵв˵Ҷĵ̲࣬˵Ҫ΢һЩԴսҲÿ첻ϡ
аǶĿĿ֮䣬һҵĳͻ˵ʱ˫սѾͨİΣͨһױô棬˭Ҳáҵ׵ġԣ˫սƬҵأҲǩ˾ͷ֮ͣսЭǼ֮䣬ǰʵ˫֮ĳԹȴһֱڡ˵а˼ϣŸ飬овٶĿ塣ԣǵӦ԰ȫڴ֮ǰǻҪװһ¡ܾôĿŵĹȥ
˵ţһʣţò˲Сı仯ȻڳīǶĿ֣ЩĿ壬ȴȫǳ
ӣѾȫģˣ
һ覴öûУ
˿ûٵĺۼ
䣡
ī
ĿӣҲȫ˱仯ڳīô䣬ôĳţһĳ
ЩĿֽĿͶīһ澳ĶĿ˵һʣˣҲñ䣬֮ǰڸսУ͵Ǹӣһᱻܶ˼ģ
īЩ룬Σʼ˱仯
Ȼһٷ꣬ȺĿֵǰ



ࣿ
šô󣡡
һĿֵۣóīȻԶԵĸо

Ѿ˧˺òã
ͬĹ̫ͨˡ
õȺ¿ųīӶĿ࣬˵û̫ĸоΪǵĿУһǶĿҲãҲգԼˡ
Ҷһģָ飬ȫԿԽ塣
Ҳû̫ľȣֻЩдīӦĿģȴûīһࡣ
Ҫûⳡʣỳɳī쵽ߵĿģڣЩѾûˡΪҶѾһϵơ
ȻǶĿ壬Ҳǰ׳աףڳīʵǿ뿪ġ˼ҡһ䣬࣬ԴҡڵĴĵ̡ʵҲûмס
ȴûߣȻԼߣ飬þ͵졣
Ǹ֮ǰƭ㡣ҵгīһࡣīһϿҵ˵
ĳīļ򣺡ûʲôֵܣҶÿ鶼ԼĿԡȻһֱǣȴûκζԲǵ顣
ôųīȺˣŴаĵ̣ʼǰ
ҵصķΧܹ㣬ʲôزҲ˵塣Ϊ̫ˣǹâٶȣҲδܹαȫĻҵءǵٶȻȹâҪܶ౶ȴҲûôԪ̽ҵصȫܡԳīʣÿЦ˵ԣʵƬҵأҲֻǻҵصһֶѡ
Ҳ˵ҵУҲܴŸָ飬ǱҲнͨѷ죿īʵ
кܶҵУûκڡͨѷж٣Ҳû˼˵ӦкܶࡣͨһǳҪĵطźܶЩľ档
ֱܷĸ棬ĸǾ𣿡īºܺ档
ֻ˭˵һֻҪģһǾģ
û˵壡
ԣԳī⣬Ҳֻܵɴ˫ۣҡͷ֪涼ûȥֵסˣ˵ſԼһӡ
Ҳѵˣ
Ҳסˣ
Ԩң֪ͬ
ī


1563 а
ôʱദīҲ֣ʵҵе飬ЩĿ壬ȫûһУҲᵽʲô⡣ֻ˵ǵ滷ǵĴԭ򡣵Ӹ˵ЩĿ֣Ҳ㲻ʮĶħ
ԣʱʵδ֪ͻ⡣ϣҲͬںܶ飬ŪǱͺȴװͿ
īһУһʮ飬һ·ϣûʲôΣ飬Ҳûм١
ý˵еĻҵ飬ʱ䣬뿪ڵĳǳ̫ԶȻͻǿҵΣֻЩǿĻҵ飬Żᵽε
һУǺ˳Ľ뵽˴аء
һºõĴ£˴аһǡҵеÿһǣͬһ޴Ĵ½ޱӴɢƻֺƥеĳǣû֡
ǣǸ⡣аǡ˵УдĴ󣬿Դ͵ƬҵеĺܶطЩ󣬿ɲʲô˶õġ
һеã㾡ȫԴҲʹøΡȻ᲻˷ϵġ
аǵУȻܿ顣īӰ
ָоȷС
¶ԲҪȺӡ̫ÿͬ壬ֹ¶бԽԽǿҡ
ҵе壬ӼĮϲ˴򽻵
īܶҲֻ۾һɨ
ʱīһ˵һѣǿȥͶ
ҲѣīһɵĿá
̲ס˸ۣŭôͲˣ
īƲƲ죬ĺõѻһ顣
֮һӰȫȫڶУԶԶģһ֡
õߣ
һʮֳɼ飬ȫԶԶİиǵӰһʮֹϣЩƵĴԺӡ
Ժǽܸߣмʮɣ涼з󻤳֡գʶҲᱻ⼸ǻҵÿһǵı׼ˡī˽֮ǵӰ¶һס
Ȼһ࣡
黯ӣһصصࡣԣīЩȡ
ʱŮӵ˵ýҵľˣȹҵǶԳīڽ͡ǿһýߣҲЩ֡
ԽŮӿųī˵
īͷҽгī
ýŮ˵˵ҵ𣿡
ͷ˵ˣǱѾˣɳĸ֣ĴѰҽ䡣ĿǱ߸ոչһϢ˵˽Թĳǳأɱ˳Сүﲻ⣬ϳһ׽ý
úһֽ֣ʵѾԤϵС
Ⱥ£ȻҲȫ뵽ֽ֣϶¶ŭ֮ɫ
ѰǵҲͰˣĿʱƴƲԼλ˿
ǻҵأûʲôԣûж顣
᲻鷳īŮʵ
ҡҡͷȹңʱԻ
Ҫô˵Ҳֻʱһ½ţͷǻһᣬͨöƺǳΣû
֣ͨ۾ʱһЩȣҪȥͨ
Щ˵ҵѾûĿռˣֻȥͨˡ
˵˵аڼƻŹͨأ˵ţҡҡͷֹУһȥͨǱҲӦдǿǱߵšʱ򣬱ȻһѪս۽Σ˵ûκκô
˵ţ̧ͷãԣҪڴ֮ǰ뵽ͨС
֮ǰӦûгнɡīʵ
ЩĿһ۳īЩ򣬿ȫаΪһǿߣҲаĸ¡ҪǵĶ飬ûôס
а취𣿡īѾУƺе
룬˵죬ӵĽ٣ʱǿ취ȥǸ͵ܹĻ˵԰ǽ뵽С
ǣÿ㲻ǡ
ͷҵֵطҲʹˣпܣҲ뿪ͨǱȻͬпᣬ룬ܺùҵذɣ
΢΢ü
ҡҡͷ̾ҵһУǽЩﲻ鷳Ļϵģһ˶ңôӵеȫһУܻ˲仯Ӱ
˵ţЦЦˣ˵׼ͺáЩסҪߡϢ
˵꣬õһȺȫٺ֮ǸɫĶѸٵ뿪ˡ

ЩпĶԳī˵벻еһƾ٣Ȼ˽ֻر
īã΢΢üȷɿ
ͬ塣øī˸Ц
īҡҡͷҪһ£ĿһСүΪҵǣ϶Ὺ͡ȴȫû¡ǣѰǣ뿪
õɫЩѿųīɣ
ǻҵе飿īЦЦڻҵءֵ֮Ǯô
ֵǮЩɥ˵˵ô죿
Ҫ͵͵ȥٴ̽һϢˡī˵
õͷУġ
澳ΪˣҪ֪뿪ʲô¡ЩĿ£ûвīѾ뿪ˡ
ԺſڣɫЩѿĵô
һѾһīôȥȻᴥ
ī˵Ҳһұķʽء
Уڸо̤ʵˡÿųī취ǳȥ
أīָýЩ¡
õУһĨû˼ȻǰȫġеĻ˭Ӳ
⻰Ҳʵ
ԣȳȥ̽ơ⡣ɶǡҲǰ衣ûǺܹģܿ˾
īͷȡ߱죬Ȼ˵Ҫ죡
˵䣬ī̧־һ
һ⣬˲佫ⷨնһѷ졣
һٶ̫죬Ҳ̫󣬶ûκεķӦ
īˣֱ˳ǵѷ죬ų˳
˿ʼȥ
һʱ֮˾һɫϾ໥һۣѾףٻ๵ͨʲôˡ
ΪˣѾ֪ˡ
ֹۡī˵
鷳ˣ̾Ϣ


1564 
ɱǸСүݵλ൱֮ߣǳɵĵ׺ˣǴаһԱ󽫵δŮ
ҵسɱ¾ѪȡıͰ㡣ڸ߲˵໥֮䣬ͬиֽȻҲеһֻ֡ᷢݵλ൱Щ֮䡣
֣ڶĿ嵱ȻݵλҲˣȴûʸ
ϢīоЩͷۣǳ֡
ԭΪаһġ͵ɡȴû뵽ط̶ͬѨ
ֱ̫Σˣ
ΪаµԱ󽫣ܳ˼϶Ǳһӡһø¶棬ȴģ϶ѹ
ģõɫǳѿ˼ãȻ̾һֵܣҲټˣ㻹߰ɡ壬ʲôطܻȥֻҪӽԺȻһӣлصͨеġҲˣҿ϶ûϣˡ
īãЦҡҡͷһ⡣
΢΢һʲô⣿
ī˵־磬ҵأ߻ͣ
úԥ˵һһĻЩͷ֣˭£޵в˵١ܴҵ飬ࡣ
֪𣬽־磬Ǹ棬֮Ϊ澳Ѿ֮ΪͷˡĿҶ𡢳ɡѪӴʹаЩҵеľͷǸ棬ѾĴˡ
һ𾪵Ŀųīֵܡ㣬㾹Ȼǻҵе飿棿
īͷǣҵصģԭӦþҪͨġм䡭˵
һû鵫Ҳƭҵı鿴ųīҲܳ
īЦԶս˵𣿡
õͷȻ˵ģҵظͨʿѾ޾£ûʲôĻȥͨкܶʿǲսЩԶսġһ˵ԶսϵĲп̶ȣڻҵض١飬ֻʣ¼ʮ⼸ʮ
˵⣬һ۳ī
īЦЦѾҸնˡ
ֱסո˵û˵ľĿųīģ
ī˵ȻȻĻӦñЮŽͨôҵأ
֪ˣ֪ˣ㡭ͨʯŽģЩĿųīǲǣ
ôīá
һ˵ʯŰǿǴ˵Уֻд˵˲ܼĶͨʯţֱӳһȫµСﲻ̫ɱ¾ûпֲѪȣҲĵ
īһĿã˵ģĿϣζҲ澳ͷӦеơ
ᵽЩ棬һãſųī˼ǣԶսٵһ̣նˣ
īͷԡ
˰̲סһ̾Ŀųī̫ˣ治˭еġʲô֪¡˵ĵһնˡ
īЦЦȻ˵ʵ֮ǰҲûȫԽ˵ѣҵ֮ˣȷǱץͨС
ͨȺ˵һȺһöûУһߺ޵˵ͨԶսƸеǿȻͨԶսѡγЩνƺҵе顣һáϧǣЩνֻе뵽֮ͨ󣬲ŻĴʱһжΪʱֻܱܽ˿Ƶˣ
˵ţ̾Ϣһ˵ҵҲûʲôˡ
īЩĿãһ̹ϵҲͦɰġ
ī˵Щ񱻿ƣдӺʥǧźЩưһ澳ͷͨȴԼơܸ
ǺԸ飬һ£첻µز£ӣԸƣ
īаӣϣܿһ㣬һҽͨػҵǣϵնȥػɣ
ͨԼλӣīĵģǺ߸ʣµЩˣڳīĿǵС
ʱͻȻ̧ͷɫ˲úѿīĻòͷжͷϵߣ
˵䣬Ѿʧˡ
īûиӦʲôȴ֪ˣ漴ԼòһӣһϢ׸ıˡ
īֵܶ㻻һ֣ϵȫͬ󣬳īһȥʱ򣬽ֵϳ˴ͷŴʥ۷Ϣʿм仹һͷ澳һѪϢ顣ȫǸȥ
ǵٶ൱죬ҳīֹЩ飬ʶ֮УдǿϢҵķȥ
Ȼ
ī̾ϢһЩˣ
Ȼá
ҲڳīԤ֮СϾҵأѾû֮ɱ˳ɵĵ׺ˣעõ³
˵Ҫͨѷͨһ൱ѵƬҵصУֻѷ죬ѷ죬Ҳ꿪šҪдֶͨβܴ򿪡
ԣǴѷҪͨѷͨҲһ׵顣
һȺˣ·šǵΪߣҵأľҲһ֮
£ǻһһİãĺѡ
飬ֻ۹ߡ
ǸŮˣȻ̵ʱ䣬õҪĶǿ飬ֱסõȺ£һ򾡣
þǽӵµʾŴҴˡõЩ£룬һɡڻлŵģҲǶԷΪѰúͳīµĻڰˡ
īڽֵϣһȫȥڵòҲǳͨŴһӶɢǿϢʿñĿÿһˡīУЩ΢΢ĺ⡣
ûо

īõϢõЩ£ȫЩĿ飬㹻ӳϣҲܽȻû͸¶īݡ
ȴѾԥĳ˳īֺݡöôһī
ƾЩηңûǳīȫǳʧһȫûӰ
ͷϣī˵Ѷ
ǸŮˣϢɱаϡ
аǵǶĿĵ̡
øɵģ
ֶκīЩ𾪡ȫѲ£ȻҵҰɵҰʬڳʾ
ò˵Ȼͬ壬īرƢ
пܵĻҪһ
ī뵽


1565 һ
ֹ˼죬ֽѾ˺ܶࡣϾǴаĵ̣ǳɵءλҲѾǺܸˡСүҲѾˣⳡûĻҪôˣҪô洵ԣúͳī׷ɱҲὥתҲֻг飬Żһֱϣ׷ޡ
īʱһѮҵߣһɷ硣ҾԵĵͷų·ϣֱĿ
ǴҶǱİɣ
࡭һϺǿ
ӦҶǱߵʿȥǿ
īˣڰһ
īһװȥҲɧĺܡ
һɫĵۣۺ棬֮ߣͼ۵ĲҲ൱һ㣬ȫǶƶɡһ·ͺľ˳īóȫϣ
ͷϣһ٣һɫӱšǸӣէһΪʯƳɣ棬ȴǻԲ˸ϸȥһɫǳɣ
īʱųһǳϵĸۡȥſڣ¡
ǰ𣿡ſ߹һʥʿīʱ˰ǰ
лаĸۡлаǴа£ƹųӵͳ졣ʵȨ
Ǵаĸ£֣ǴаԴµġһа֡лаΪ顣
죬ٳڶ꣬īĲ֪ǰصˣ󲿷Ҳ֪
Щǿ飬ҪһһٳĻһ֪ҪΡԣͨ˵ѡһףԼٳ˵ʮԪʮԪ
ڶɽ֮ͨ˵Ҫףһġ
лаףʲôٵٳСٵٳǾͲö֪ˡһ˵飬ĸȻĻû˻˵
ֻҪ֪ٳͿˡ
īҡҡͷһº͵ĵֻла֪ףٳҪǰףһ˳ֱƺȶѡ
ʥʿܹĸоīֺεǿϣ֪һ˲õĴܡҲҵ¸һʾȥˡ
īվǣҲꡣЩаǸ·ѫʼձŵ΢Ц
Уī˼ǿ飬ÿһ澳Ϣֻϵı鶼Եú࣬Цݡ
Сү壬ɵӰǳӡ
ҵֲпĵطʵҲǱġݵĹ壬һɱȻĻֵܶ˭͸йϵ飬ɣ
ֹܵ׷ɱ
ЩڻҵرĹ飬ǳСүޱȸ߹ġǲ֪ûˡ
֪ˣҡͷ̾Ϣһ棬²ؼˣЩֻóǸСүԼö˶˵ģȻȥ˼ƴùߵĶһ棬׳ãҲеĶùĴʡ
ȷ̫ùˣȥĳǴ٣һ³֮ǰԶĿе¾ϴ٣ôһ¡Ӵġ
˵˫û䵽ʲôáǵù
ǼĿ⣬Ҳڳīɨһ£漴ͽƿˡӲûнīϡ
ȻīϵĵϺǿ˵ҵֵط澳٣㲻ϺһȽǿ߰ˣֵ̫ע
ʱʥʿһ˳īǰУһīһǫǰõˣϵĹ̫æԳӭӡصؽС˹һǰǰȥ֮󣬿⡣
ī΢΢һΪе㲨ۣȴû뵽⸮ϵ˺ܿûʲô֤֮࣬ͳһ
īͷֽӹһ֣īľʶжʱֳһлȫͼÿһطʲôõģעһ˺լ֮⣬ʣеطš
лǳֱһС磬ԣҲ˻Ҳλöӵ
˵󷽱͡
īа֪ǲҵصĴ︮ϣܵķ
ʱȴʮеĸӦոһȺаѫ󣬿Ŀ⣬ż־ȡīɨһۣЩеɫԼеģвͬ
Щ˵ɫǶŽߣīţȴɫǶŽߡ
ѵɢīĵɿЩ˵Ŀ⣬ƺֲ̫񡣳īҲû̫࣬һᣬˣȥǡ
л֮ȴַ⡣ܶȻûȥרڸдνдǲǵҹ䣡
ڿԼī΢΢һüң¶˼ɫ
ʱ򣬾лԺСһӵĴ棬ˡ
׵ģһŹӰܿһΣࡣ
׵ģһ꣬Ҳʮꡣ
аǵ˿꣬һ쳣𾴣Ϊ꣬Ǵа£ƹųӡȷԼӵĴ󽫾ла
ŹӰҪаǵ˼ˣ϶˵ֱӾͻڵأڳĶĤݣ
ΪŹӰǴаһ
аǣŹӰ飬ڵУ¶һٸ
ʱȻڣƺое㲻Ծˡ
ӰЦЦ˺УҪǸоԾǲŲԾ
һ⵽׷ɱ֮ͽΪʲôῴϣżֲ⡣ԴаƺҲ硣˸֪лаʵǴа״ӣ
֮ͬӣ
һӰ˵
ţлаüŹӰ˼ǣ
ţ˼Ӱͷ
Ǿ˼ˡлаϣҲ¶Ȥ˵һΪֻһַľٶնԼ̤ʯţ뵽ҵء
ҲһΪֻ㡣Ӱڡ
ла룺˼
ӰЦܸͨµ飬ֲΪأ
ҲǣˣǻصͨԼҪȣȫܡͨЩ˵ԲŹġ
֮ͨ·ѰҵôˣӰȻʵ
ла¶־ɥ֮ɫ̾ϢûκҲûһټԴֹһ֮󣬾Ҳûһۼˡ
£ԵɡԣͨҲܱӰ˵ȻлаȥɣңȥǸСӣʶĻͰһѣ͸¶һ㶫á˳ٸҵ鷳
õģģ֪ôла˵ţվŹӰʩһȻȥ
Ӱ䵭һ΢̾ϢǾ֣ϡĶɣ


1566 һӵ
īһĵط£леĳ裬彨̨ͤ¥Сһڼܸо˲ֻһ򡣹ӦǸ˼ˡ
ʽľ绹ûпʼϧˮƷѾʼĹӦˡīһûˮоһǹɸĸоĸűһɢ뵽֫ٺС
öī̲סһһˮȻֵϳīķĻ̶ۡȡΪīٶȣԭͳЩʿ̫ࡣ
ͬʿһˮٵֵǿ޶ʮ죡⣬澳ּʿ
һˮҪǸһͨˣΪ˲һûУɲΡҲʲôõӰ졣ΪԵ⣬ȴҪʱĻۡȻҪ츳
Ҳʲô˶ġ
ˮҲԿƶļƷˮˡڻҵܿѾЩ˳ԾлȻĹӦֱʣȷЩľˡ
īֳ˳ˮÿһ֣вͬζǳ̺ŵҲ١
īаλлаƷλͬʱһ൱ǿĸ
ţ˵һôɣ
ī͵һʶ̧ͷһۣ캧ˣ
Ϊˣīʵ̫ˣ
ӵ
˵ӳൽٵϵǹϣӵһģһ
˫񣬶ر
˵īڿһ̣Ѿǰӵˡ
ǡӵ
Ϊֵܣīκ˶ӵӦĶ
ƷЩһŬıչءҾٶô죬ҲǰλѾﵽ澳ĲΣ
ǰλӵһصص澳ͷ
īޱ𺳣Ϊ˲뵽һԡһ棡
ǳīҲ֪Ӧôȥˡ
ɱˣԼĽֵӵһ𣿿³λ֮ͨ⡭û˵һ뵽ǸͬӰһƺʱڰעԼͨˣīȫ¶ĸо
ؼǣī㲻ǰλӵʱǰһɺϣڰʾʲô
ī־磬κ뷨ֻǵʯһ˲䣬һ˲ǧ֮һ
λӵīֻ̧ͷһۣȻ󣬶һ΢Ц
Ȼԡī˵
ǰӵһģһˣҲ¶һЦݣ˳ī棬Ȼһ˫¶º͵Ĺâųīѣ֪ΪΣ㣬ҾһϤĸо·ļ
ŶīЦЦǰλõڽġҲ˵ϣб̸֮
طʼ͵Ѿȥʮֻ꣬м㣬ͻȻָоԵѲҪЩͻ
ᣬҿҲͦеġīҲ˵ȻʵĪǴģ
˺̹ϵĵͷһĵط
īգգۣ棿
ԣطȫһ˿ЦҲû뵽
ô˵Ͳ±᲻ôīЦŻӦ
ҵȻô˵
üң⶯óīоһ㱣ӵĸо˸ӵΪ棬Ķ̫ˣ
Ͳ˵ˣһģһī־ˣҲ㲻ͬϵʡЩҲһ˵ֹһЩС˵üָϰߡȻҲȫһ
ǡ̫ˣ
ǳīѾ澳ͷէ飬ҲֻпЦ
ֵĲ͸֪̫־磬ܲܽ⾿ô¡
ҲǣҲǻҵˡī˵
¶֮ɫ̹ϣڻǰλ̹ϡʵϣ棬Ҳȫ˵һĸоλĪĸо׽·ˣӦֵܣ
ҽӵ
ҽгī
˵꣬ȫ໥һЦ
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ԼӦһӵȻƫƫģӦǸеӵͻȻĳǰҴΪ˵ҪȳīĽֵӵ̫߳ླ磡
Ҿã֮䣬ӦкܶණԽӵ˵
ţҸʱͻᣬҲúýһīͷ
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лаˣȨƵһ
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īͷȻ䷢֣Ǹлаƺڳ߹ʶĿһҡǱȽƫƧĵط·ǰٵ鲢ࡣ
ʱ򣬡ӵ˵ǳġ
īҲЩ֣˵ѵԼ¶ˣ־ò̫Ǳ¶ĻлаݵλˣӦҲܵԼǰ̫ܻ֡ԼٳϣŪʲôѿĳǲǸԼȥô
Ҫ֣ӦҲǵԼ뿪л֮Żȥ
лλѽлĳҿơǺþƣˣҲǺòˣһУȫӦףһҹлаУһɿȻͬΪ澳飬лаĻ֮ҲһѪڵĸо
ла˵һһ˽Ҫдһ£ȿһͬ죡
ʱлеЩߺŮǣʼž޴̣ϯС֮ϣʼɢޱ˵
һʱ䣬ձ÷ǳ
ϤлаĻҵ鶼λ󽫾Цʾһ̸ЦģʵϣһаһˣҲ൱аԣ
ԣ˵ʲôžǡ˭鷳˵Щˣȴ˵һ˽Ҫдǿǣ
ˣܻõһ͡лаͻȻһŲĻҳģ
ȻЦе㣺ͺòãͨ͸ͨ͸
Ȼͨ͸˶͸ˣ
ȥҲûԣла˵˽Ҫдʱ˶ֳ˷ǳ̬ȡ
Ҫ˵һ涼ûУҲǲܵġ˭ܱлаݵλˣ֮Ϊ˽ѡ
ȻȫлаߵǸɷѮǰ΢΢һЦѣ˽һ̸Σ


1567 ла
ӵ΢΢һüңīУżֹСΪûܴлаݱп˼ла˼Ҫôò£ˣҲ̸аˡ
áīһ̹ȻӦЦеվһĵϣòٸտȫЩĿɿڴ˵ôһϵʿ
īϵʺԼǵ澳ҵأӦǷǳһ֡ҵֳɱѪȡıĵطκõڵһʱͱ˸˺Ƭ
Ҫã
ֻҪɱ¾͹ˡ
īһۡӵһĵ˵ʵڸӵӦʱ򣬳īʶġӦ֮棬ҲЩӵĸо
λôӵһģһվӵ
һˣ
һȫ˸Ĵڡ
ңһĳЩ˵ʵô˵ӵֱӳΪңվڶϡ
ϣʵ˵
īš
лаţߵҲԽԽ٣󣬾ֻʣһīȻһ俴ͨӡ
ƿŲŷ֣ӣȻһС磬źǿķ󲨶ī΢Ӧһ£ַӦ澳Ϊ鶼޷ʶ͸
īҲûη壬лаý
ţлаųī΢΢һЦû취ֵֻط˵ȻаǡҲ
īƤһû˵ʲôȴԼܱ˿˵ĸо
Ҳǿǵʯҵصġлаǳֱӣǿżɽһ˫ۣųīǳ棺ҪĶࡣҺˣҵز֮󣬾а棬ȻҰΪʦ״ӡһΡѾȥԪ
ԪǾǼʮ꣡
ǰȻӢӣīзǳ𺳡
ʦڻҵеһУλԴһСûʦĻ룬ҿѾڴˡла˵
٣īи𺳣лаѾɹ˴٣
лаͷȻֲҲûа취û´Ļִ١˵Ӧ÷ǳǳңԶĺᡣҵɵ̫࣡ҵɵʱѾʮˡ㣬ҲͼǧɣŰ
лаΪԼݵλƽ¸ȥһˡ֪īʵϲŰҵĻ˶ɵ
н磬ûйīٶȵߡ
ֻһʿһıչʱˡ߱׷ĶԳī˵ƺ֪֮͸ֵ׺͡츳Ȳ˵ġ
лô֪ҵݵģīЦһαװͦá
˵䣬īԼӻָ״̬һٷӣлаǰѾʶƣټǸɷҲûʲôˡ
ұ곤ܶ࣬Խһл֣Ҿͽ͵ܺˡлаųī
ҽгīī˵
͵ܡ
л֡
漴һЦ
лаʾī£˵ʦ˼ңЩһֱѰ֮ͨ·ԣƬҵصĹעͱȽ϶Щԣ͵Դ̤ҵһ̣ʦѾ֪ˡͬʱʦҲǵʯš͵֪ܿǵʯţһܡҺʦЩʵһֱѰŹʯŵϢ̫ģˡ
ī΢΢üҲ֪
ǶסлаЦڽҵ֮ǰ͵ӦҲ֪ϴŻҵֵط
īһ̹ϵĵͷȷǲ֪ʵϣͨ㲻Ϻ˽⡣
ла˵͵ЩڶͨʯŽ뵽ҵصʿɵǣ͵Ҳ塣ҵֵط˵оѪȡпᡢ顢ıơûʲôʵҲˡҵеľ飬ȷʵġС
īͷþ͸һĻҵ鲻̫һǰλлаȻڶ֪ǵѣҲȷһĻҵ鲻ͬ
ла˵Ҳ͵ӦҪͨɣ
īͷǵģѸһͬɽ٣ǲûնѡ˽ͨڲ֪д⡣Ҫȥǡҡ֮ǰСľ뵽һǷǵС
Ǳߵɣ͵ܷĺˣ£Ϊϡ͵ǸãҲһ㱣ˡǿѡͨڻҵأԺҲ鷳ла˵
лΪʲôôãīʵ
滰ǼٻлаЦ
滰ô˵ٻô˵īʡ
ٻȻ͵ܹ뵽Щ磬Ƕ壬ﶼնҵֵطһԵ֡лаЦ˵ʵ⻰ҲǼٻ㲻Ұ͵ܵҪԭ򡣡
šīͷȽͬла˵
滰ҲҪּ˵ла˵һͨҵ֮䣬ԶƽദĹϵҪͨĻҵ顣Щҵص飬Ӳһ̫ˡҪÿһʱ䣬һͨͬҲҪַʽĵһЩͨͨӵĸ뵽ġν񡣡
лаųīЦܻ֪Щ񣬶ܿڷҪն񣬼ǲܵġΪᵼξ𣡳룬飬޾£ġӦòֽ
īĬĬĵͷĵ飬ˮǲͨڣǵϣûֶ
Ула˵ͨеϴڣҲʲôöͨҵ֮ս˷Щν񡭡ܳʲôĿģ̸ǹġ
ла˵ʦ͵ӦҪͨģԣ͵ܣ͵ڴͨ£ֶΪأ
īЦⲻΪһôʲôʱˣˡҲҪŬԼ̣
ла˵ԭ򣬲Ҫģʵﲻ͵ܣͨɶ鷳ʦҲãҲãر⡣ҪԭҲǵڶ㣬͵ˣŴ˵ġʦϣԵϣгһգͨ͵ܣҵ֮ͨ·
īЩԾĿла˵֮ͨ·ʲôط
лаһ̹ȻĿųī˵һóīе𾪵飺ʦ޾µݣӦһ档
īˣеģĿЩͣла
лаһ˵׼ȷ˵ġʦ˵ռ䣬ͨͨŵĺܶ棬ҲҵءЩ棬Ӧöһ档Ȼĵһݡ


1568 йӦ
īţã˵Ҳͦʵġ
ʦ޾УΣҵأ̽棬Զʱһ߾ǧ꣡Ȼýʶ̽Ե˵лаϣҲ𺳺Ͳ˼ı顣
̫־̫ˡյĵͷǸ磬ȫ޷ȥݡ
ʵбԵġла˵ԶսʵĳϵıԵ򣬻˵ӽԵȻͨһΰ뵽ͨСͨ͵ڳڵƬ档Ϊģʯšȴǡ
īü˵ʯϣͬҲ˹ĺۼ
лаҡҡͷ˵񹤵Ȼ𣿡
īɴ۾ҡҡͷţ
ġ˵־ͬҲһˡˡʯšла˵ţ̾һģҲû취ݣҴ̤̫Ͼ缸ʦ˵ֻռ䣬ףĵطһ硣
̫ˡīЦ
־磬δЩԹҪȥ׷Ѱϴǲܵġ
̫ˡлаҲЦ˵ʦ׷󣬲ӦұʿӦȥ׷ѰĶȻģֻһأǶį
īĬĻ⣬Щء
ʯţǳĹؼڡлаųīûϣټʯˣ㣬лġ
ôûϣīлаЩ⣬澳Լյ㡣лаˣҲһľž콾ˣôȱģ
лаָָԼԴҵģ
īʱԡ
Щˣ澳ֲΣӵͨ͸ļһ򿪷ôǰһǲܵģǵõĴԵ
ɶ澳˵ʲôĻԵģһ֮㲻ϰ
ԣīЦοĻ˵ڡ
лаЦҡҡͷԼͿͨ͸ˣûʲô澳Ĵڣκһ棬ľͷ۾һ棬ӵ޾ˡʮԪԪǧ꣡Ѿ
ôȷǲ̡һ˵ܴǧ֮ãѾһŵ漣ˣ
˵Уһǳγɵʱ䣬ٶмʮôá֣ͨ˵ᱻǳ֮Ϊһǳ
ЩƯеĺ嫴½͸ˣЩѾ˼ǧôã
ԣ澳ִڣʱʷ˵Ҳʮ΢ġΨе̫־磬ϵĲΣ롣
лаȴĽ̸У֪īʵ̫ҲĲ˵ʦа𣬵Ѿǧ꣬ԼӦѾˣ
̫ϵԪһꣿīĺ𾪡
ʦݣԼһЩ飬ƺġлаЦ˵˵ֻԶԵġҲΪʲôʦҪ뿪ŵԭ֪Ŷ˼ά飬Ϊʲôڵġ
˵ţлаīҶǾܾͨٻնʿ㻹ϣ̤̫Ͼ磬ʦ񳯽ԵĿʵҪڽ͵̤̫ϾʱܽһΪݣǳٹʯӦûһΡʦҵһЩϢָγֵʯţὫ飬뵽һİĵطǸطּӦþǵ档
ī̲סһЩɻ˵䣬ӦҲŲ̫Ͼ顣ѵ˵ڶ̫Ͻٵʱ򣬾ûмʯ𣿡
ûСла˵κһŵ̫ϣġûмʯšš˭ܿģܹһε飬̫ٵʱӦûڶΣ
īͷˣлаĴа˽İԼԭˡ
ʯšǸ
˫֮ûκϵĳͻԣаĵлаڷ˳īһЩ֮󣬲ûȥҪЮʲôͷųǿ⣬ԸΪīṩܶİ
Գī˵ҲԵǱҪ˭Ը⵽˭ԸĴУ
˫֮Ľ̸ûгر𳤵ʱ䣬ǰǰҲͰʱлаҲī˸ڻҵصϸϢóī˽һƬҵصĺܶܡ
澳ĴڣųʶԸռ䣬ּԻǳӵǿյܹԽ棬ʵϣǿܶԼߵһǳеܣѳ׼ͨ͸ла̾Ϣ޴ڣ֮Ĵʵġ磬ΪԼѾһֵˣʵϣҲǸոŶѡ
ǰ³˵Щ飬΢Ĵڡīͷ
лаȻ˵ˣոǰǸˣҪСһ㡣
ţī΢΢һ
ǸˣǴͨйġлаɫųīǿܹ͸ͨıݡҵӦҲмˣΪһֱܱ֣Ӳκγ飬Ҳûиκγͻˣ򵥣
īĵֹ򵥣ͷֱ̫ˣ£īлаֱӷԳī˻⣬лаʵлֶԾ飬ж˽⣿
ла΢΢һ棿ָǡͨУЩͨӵȫͬռ䣿
īͷ
ла˵ʦᵽһ㣬ʦ˵档
棿īϸϸƷζла仰˼
ţҲ˵һ㣬ȴ֪ģ棬档һ棬Ȼᷢ֡˫Ӧûȫ𡣡ла˵
ûпܹ𣿡īʵ
ʦ˵ҲѰҹϵһΪʦӦġоϣӦûһڡʦѰҡΪʦݣ˼棬һѡла˵˵ͨл᲻ϣֻ治˵ûǰҲû˵鷢һ˵˵ҡ
лаվ˵ңѾ澳ʿô͵ӵ൱ǿˡôһңȻͬʴӱȴΪѾռݣԣӵٺõ츳Ҳܳɳֳɾ͡˵һµµΪƴƴֻܳΪһʥʿôһҡܾѾΪ澳ߵʿˣ⣬ʦҵ˵ΣΪûκҲҶԡ
лаųīϣʵһֿܣ
ţīла
ла˵жٸ棬㣬Ƕһ޶ģ֣ͨǣ֮Ϊ
˵ţлаųīЦʦһӦоһҵĴڡԣҲ㡭йӦ𣿡


1569 ŷƣ
йӦ
Ȼûй
ܾ֮ǰѾ˵īˡ
īЦҡҡͷûйҴûиоϻһҵĴڡ
лаһЩ˷ܵĵʵܹ֤һĻôĻӦܹĳɳΪԭ˵ˣȫһ˵ϣ
ī룬˵ûиӦԺҲûС飬˵
Ҳ˵ĵǴûչǣҲһȺͨǿˡлаЦҡͷȻ˸ī֮Ľ̸
Ͼٳ̫ò¶Ҳá
īԼãٳ֮󣬾Ͱųīýͨ
Ա˵ͨһǧѵ飬лаݵλ˵ѡ
ī»صУӵѾˡīУЩź˵˽һЩӵǸռ顣
֪ӵǸУǲҲǼϻ壬УǷҲһλǷ޸˳к֪ܶ顣
ѰȴûܷӵӰ·Ѿ뿪ˡ
ī»֮ջ˲Ľ۹⡣лаߣôʱˣƬҵ֮ϣҲûм
ܶ鶼ڰв²⣬ɷߵʲôˡ
ûīֻ֮ǰǸװ硣лаı֤Ҳǡǵźܶ档
ᣬʮֻķΧнš
еһʱһаеĴվо⣬ȴûʲô˵Ķеû˼
ҪʲôأлаЦ
ламŮǺܻ衣Ҫ裬ΣЦ˵
īдȥʮ꣬ĸߴ׳˶ӣͷһֻĶǡȥӦһֻ顣ȻΣǾֻǺԲδ
ʱ򣬳īľʶУͻȻ䴫лаһˡǲΪǸùĳСүˣı壬һͷԡ
ī΢΢һϲɫ
лаùЦ赸һǼõġ
ǣСܾ׳ˣ˵ţһİơ
ʱ˴棬ֱӴһȺΪŮӡһƾɫ
ĸƤ𪣬ϾȻȫɢʥϢ
ЩŮӣȻûһʥ
ϵı鲢ÿһ۾ܿʵǲԸġ
īĿ⣬ЩŮɨһ˵ʱֱסˣֱһ㣬ˣ
ô
һˣ
ǳ죡
ī֮ĹϵãЩԹ
ŷƣ
īոսʱ򣬾֪Ĵ֪ŷƸӵ֮䣬йһʷȴѡ˸ʥߡʥīն֮ŷҲʧˡ֮󣬳īûŷƵκϢ
ǻԼڵļˣ͵͵ҵطˡ
ڻҵٴμϤīе𶯣ǳǿң
ָоҪһӵһģһˣǿң
ǰŷƣǳīʶǸΪŷƣһ澳ľͷֻһΪѾȫӡˡ֪ʲô˵ϣ־ȻҲ˷²
ȻⲢǳī𶯵Ҫԭ￴һ澳ӵֿһ澳ŷƣƺ˵һ޴⣡
˭棬Ǿ
аƶͬ棬档
˭棿˭Ƿ棿κһԼڵ磬ģ
ڣīЩķһʵǾǣԼһ࣬ܿܡ֪ˣߵЩѡȫла˵֣˲Գɾʹˣ
Ѿ澳޾١㽫ɾͲ̫ϣҲнǧԪߵˣȫû취ɾ澳ĻڽҪߵˣһһȥ
֪ѣһˡֻţһ·أޱߵļį
ָо̫ˡ
붼ᡣ
īһŷƵĸй۲ãԼǸŷӵʥ
Ⲣ˵һеŷҲͬӵֿˡ
ǰһĻóīѾˣŷƱӦòӵĸԭ
Ҫŷƣ
лаڣҲ֪¡澳ľͷҲã̫ϵľͷҲաôǿҲ֪顣ла˵ǿ棬Իأʵϣһǳܳ׶Ϥܡ
ҪҪǣ
īʵһܹˣôԥʱ
ӵŷƣǳ˵ΣҲ˵лаЩǿ澳ͷУ澳Ĵмʮ
Щɶվڻҵߵ飡
վڳīĽǶȣ˿ӦóӵŷˣӵֱӱնɱźáǸֵӵҲͰȫˣ
װȫ
ǰǰ󣬸īմ
ŷƵûбҪں
·һڲųī㲻ʵ࣬δ˵˼ͻ𣬻д֡þģͨˡӦþһӣ
뵽⣬īģƽ
лаǸŮӣܱ𣿡
ла΢΢һɲΪīǶŮһˡһƷŮӣ־磬ɫԶֻǵ׺Ϊ⡣ȴܲ׳īĶ
ʶлаȻīãⲻԸˡãǿڳīϡ
һ澳Ůӣ϶Ҳ൱ӵġ˼٣صóף٣ǿҪĻһĲ
ԣûرɣȫȥ¡ԳīȻһ㶼аĺܡĹаԡѪҺġԳīóȻµе㲻ûĵزԳīҲ뷢
ŮӣոСˣӦһ¡
ǹʲô¶лаûȳī˵꣬ʹ˳īĻˣԼոѹСǸˣȴҪ£˵ô֪֮£Ϊͨģ
лаûȥ룬īôжϳŮӸǸ˿µģֻﲻʹˡ
īĬһ£ла˵Ϊţ£а϶ҲȤܻһоһ¡лаµ䵭̬ȣȴóīһûȤ˵ȥ
ˣлֲùˡīһ䡣
лаΣѹûӦóīֱû¸Լ£
Ϊʦ״ӣôʦҲɱ˰ɣΪĵӣܶҪһЩȻĻʦĨڡʦ˭ȥܣ
лаóīеˣȴ֪ʲôܶ󣬵֪һЩ֮׷Ī
īҲûлаֲǷʲôʵոոла˵Ǿ仰Щˡ
ǽͨ£ûİԼȥˣ
ҳīһ·˺ܶ࣬õܶʱȴǿԼ
ֽŽȫûйȣ·ˣ
ƢⶫīҲȱ


1570 ۰
ʱȺŮӣһѾвţ̨̨ڰУһ͸ν硣ŮվϣزֳĲٻҵʿ̲סкõ
ǱҲ¶֮ɫСֶΣκʿ˵׾١뵽ַʽģȴûм
ŷơ˫Ưŭһ澳ʿȻȺҵص衣ָоƫƫ
һΪȫס»в˵Ҳʵʵ̨ݣͰȫǹ⣬Ȼӵ͸棬˲ιۡ
ֶΣһŮ˵ֱޱȵĶ񶾡ò˵Чŷг裬վڽϣ治ĸ飬洫ѣΡ
ʱŷͬŮӵľʶУһ±񣬺úĺˣ˵һˣϴθЩ檣ûˡ˵õĳ·Żصǵļ֮Щ顣ǲܵģ㣬ŷơǿ񣬾ȥͨ˾ͻˣ
ͬҲһŮӣĮǳ顣˵һ仰ŷƻǲ˲СĴȻԸڻҵĳΪҵһҡɻصͨǱߣͬҲֻ·һ
ӵˣǧ࣬ڴԶսɱΪ˷񣬴ӴԺ⣬УԺͿ˫˫ܣңˡ
֮ͨ󣬲ͻȻף⾹Ȼһ׮ı
ϲǸ񣬾ȻƺǵҪֶΡܵʱַظ֤˵ͨĹأʵϲΡڵʱмߣǸŷƺӵ޴ĳ
ʲôвΣʵʵŲΣ
ūʲôǧ࣬ҹУڵǸ磬ȫǶصӢȫ֮ӡ׳ѵΪͨūģ
ӵʱοȵ͵ȻԺ취⡣
ʵŷƻӵ涼ĺܣĶİ취û취
ⶫѾԪһֱ컹ţͨһԶսս澳ʿٻΪͨдūͣ
˵ͨУһǸ޷
ӵŷƵʱȷˣû뵽ǣҪ鷢ˡ
ǸֳַƵʿһˮĵطȺ˵֮һˮкȨƵĴŷơҪŷƳΪң
ŷƵȻܴӦӵܴӦһɴֱˡ
ϤˮеһЩ֮󣬼װӦǸȻͨһĻᣬ˳䲻⣬ɱǸзƵˣǸƣȻֱˡ澳ľͷȥһе£൱˵ġ
Ǵһӡѷ죬ֱӳ嵽˻ҵߡ
Ϊھǵѷʱ˱ѷǹɼɢˡӵھǰѾ˳һѷ죬뵽˻ҵءǵѷ죬ֵ֣˵ûЩѷĻҵ顣
ŷȴΪѷ꣬ˡڽ뵽ҵ֮ػҵͨѷڴ¡
һѪսŷնɱ˲ٵǱסˡ
ӵԴӽ뵽ҵ֮󣬾͵ѰŷƵ䡣ŪŷƣӦǵѷУ˲ͬʱ䷨ҪһЩꡣ
ӵڴаѰ˾ꡣ
һֱŵõŷƵϢ
епɬǣûŷƣ
ӵһֱоǿƣôоҲûܴǿϵõõϢֻƵĴڣҪ߳澳
ôӦҲֻ̫ˡ
ӵͬܿɬܹסջ󣬲ȥԶսôŷƣԻĴڣ
ͷ
ʱ򣬲ȻΪʱ
еЩһֱԶսľͷǣӵҲã˷סΪվ͸ϸҵЩŷҲãжֻʣĽ
ʱһȺŮӣվ͸ϣ衣
Щȫǿߣûѧ赸ǵΪҪˣҲ׾ٵһ¡
͸ЩʥŮӣͬҲץķ²ֻЩ²Իҵصŷͨ塣
ŷƸȺͬ˵Ůһ衣
ʱȺУһ˫۾ŷƣ۾һգգҲڽеķŭ
ӵ
ʮ֮һּ꣬Լĵ¡
УޱȼͬҲ̿֡
ȻΪ澳ľͷҲȻ֣̿
ǳֻҪҳ֣ôɣŷơ᲻˵³̫áпܡΪйŭ;
ǲ֣￴ţԼŮˡ͸ϸȺҵصİ裿
ڶʿĽӵͬǧͬʱ档
ʹ
ʱӵľʶУһ͵͵嶯Ұ취δûа취¡
ӵɫȴˡ
Ǹī
Ǹһ۾;еĵɷʿ
Ⲣ⣬ǣѾ¸װ磬ԼôܹϳҪǣô֪Ҹƶ֮Ĺϵô£
ڳ֣κκ³лаҲŹġȾ䣬ðɣңҲẦġңͷʱ䣬һҪúġī
ӵ΢ɲ˵ͷûӦ뾪κˡ֪ΪʲôԳīһֽäĿΡ
һ澳ʿ˵ֱǲ˼飡
ī˵Ҫú̸̸ʵīú̸̸֪һУô¡
͸ϣȺŮӵ赸ڽˡ棬һкõ
ϣҲ¶ЦݡַܹʽлаһĨɫǳġ˭֪лаǴаİ˵иεĹϵжȴû֪
ƬϣлаǺбҪһ顣
ʱͻȻһιֵܣȺô
վ͸ϵȺŮӣɫȫ΢΢һ䡣ŷƣиǺ޵òСȴû취ֻվ
ҵЩǷƷһ˵ˣЦе˵
һòʮֳªİСӣԱ߲ԶһϣֵĵһȺսѣ˵ǸŮˣǴͨܳģҿˣ۶ɡҪ


1571 ͷ
лаʱ֮ǰī˵Ƿ˵ҪŮӡЩΪȻһͨܳƯһôôûϢأѱʱ򣬻ɫӲҪ߳һʲôԼСĵ˿£ֱˡ
Ϊī仰лаԳīе㿴͡óīʵ಻ơΪ۵Ƭأǻҵأлада޴ĿɽΪ
һ׷ɱСһȥ£˼Ҳǹˣ
Ҳգھ㿴ҵصĲпһ档
лаɫЦеǿ֡
¶ЦЦı飬Ȼ󵭵˵ȷҪ
۸ҿ۸񣿡Ца棬ûʲôĶɣ
ɹΪѾҪȸа棬ΪаŮءЦǺǵ˵
϶ʱ¶֮ɫԵЩˣҲ¶ŭ
ֱǺ
Ҫȸа棬ôܱ͸裿˵Ҳʲô̫裬ŮԺĳаŮҲδһ¡
ô˵ҲԸŮޱȷŭ˵ǲǣ
ţشļΪɴࡣ
óīЩЩˡЩڣȫĻҵشǴаµĴ󽫣ѵΪ·ɣ
ž
һǰЦӲˬѾܾˣҲҴһܣӰħɡ㣬ӮˡӲҪŮˣҪĽս
ǺһЦðӦ㣡
ȺУʱһƬȻ
ħɡǿ񽫾ǿһħɡһа˱ܰ
а֮óʾ˵ġѵ˵ĿǸŮˣҾó󣡡һ˵Ļҵشֹ
ҲѿУĴԺɣ⡣һ˻ҵش˵
ħɡǸö
սҲ
Ȼħɡ
Ⱥеī۾˸ŵĹâ
ʱѾ׷׷İաʱла˵һս͵ˣ󣬿ôСߡ
ЦҲ˵ֱӴӴռ䣬ȡһѽ˸ĳ
ս
һ漶
ла˵λԼֵܣ򣬱𡣡
˵ţֱ˫ֽӡУʱһǿķⷨɢĲóīֱѹƵĸо
֪⻹⣬лаĳųīɨһۡھ棡
īޱ飬￴š
˿ѾһǳС棬зܷӡǸС磬ʵǳ޴һľ޴ռ䡣
ȺˣĿս
˵ַʽлаٳףأҲ湻ʵġΪ˫ս߰㡣
īΪʲôлаܣּɡ
ͬʱԻҵЩ鷭ƷԣҲ˸˽⡣
˵ע˿̶˰УСڵϡŷƺȺŮˣһ޵ŮӴţĽȥ
īһӵҪʱ֡
ոռѾЩҪ಻סӵֻٴŰǸС硣еŷƣսҲǳ棬ҲҪúÿһ澳ľͷʲô
ʱ򣬰еС档
ϣȡһѺɫɡɡûгſɡ⼫Ϊ˸űĺâɡָָһɫ˲仯һĹ⣬ֱ
Ϳʼˣ
īǳ˳飬û뵽˵ʹ
ǱߵҲֱսն˹ȥ
ϣ
һ죬˲䴫
зĽ𺳵ҲΪ֮һ͡
˲Ͳһģʲôд裿ǲ
ңಫ
īһ߿һĬĬļţǿпɣǿۺսҪʱЩ澳ʿǿһ㡣ҲֻһˡಫĻ˭ʤ˭Ҳ˵
棬еľͷʱսȫϣ˵ÿӱľͷȫս֡սḻ¡˾ͷǸ֮һ˵ֲпսͼǵʧ
ҵﲻһĲһ
澳ͷȻЩΪ㶥ʿһ˵ʹ˵ɱɱλߵƲ㣬ϵɱȴռ澳ͷȫȲ˵ģ
ԣۺȷҪеЩͷ΢ǿôһ㡣
УСսѾﵽ˰Ȼ
˫չͨ͵УȫӦõ뻯ľ硣
ǿֲֿսȫѪڡΪĲͬ۵кܴ졣飬ִսʱȻѪҺȴһģ
īʱ򣬳ȺŮӵķ͵ۿȥŷȺŮӵȫ˹ս֮ϡ
ʱ򣬳īȺУһӰ
ã
һ˿̻ΣҪ˳۶ˡҲϵϢεĺܺá˳ī֮⣬û˷
īһݹȥý¶
ùȻޱ飬һרעĿŰСսɤӸһȼ
ûҵѷڴڷǿǿīʵ
ҵˣǿ󲿷ǿߣȫܵˣòɫĻӦ
ǣûаմȥȻѽ俪īʵ
һѶȣĹҲˣڵȷǸûᡣصþãûӦ
ãھȥǱߵң͵ī˵
õЩھ͸ɣ
ɣīǸɴࡣ
Ļҵ飬Գīָɴྡྷرġ
ãȻȥ
棬ҲвȥȥҶڿ֮սûõ뿪
һСѣж˹עǡ
īͬΪ֮ǰõлаĵӼԣһһ˻ע⵽ġ
īİ취֮ϣԵ̨У־˲䱻߶¡䣬任һͬһʱ䣬еԡ
һɵĴȱϢɢ
һ
ֻһѣīѾһɷߣһµĿʿ
ĿʿУȻ࣬Ҳôʮ
īգ֮䣬ͷ棡


1572 ɱȥ
ʵȷ̫ǿˣ䣬ǿĶǳ죡
ִȻܽÿһִ¯ľ磬ʷϣһԵ漣
̫ŵ˵ˣ
䣬ī׸ıòϵ
˿˵עǳսϣûı仯
⣬ȴǳīڿʼж֮ǰѾĽ
ԣķǳȻûһ˿˻ɵĵطһֱӵôһ˲䣬һִīôͻȻʧˣ
ӵһǱ𺳵ˡ
Ҳ澳ľͷ
ȻϿͬʿ֮䣬ʵ֮˵Ҳ̫˰ɣƤӵ£īĿŵıһˡȻ󣬸ΪŵǣڳīԭŵĵطǸɷߣһ֮󣬾Ȼֳˣ
ͷڿСԽԽҵս
ֱǼˣ
ӵһ˲䣬ЩԼжˡ
ΪȷǿųīվǰߣһȥͱһˡͿǸɷߣȻ֮ص
仯Щͨʿ˵ѵһ¡ҪīŴͥڡ֪һУĲף
ΪҪģǳīǵĻһϢһ򣬶ûκα仯
٣ӵͬΪ澳ľͷûκα仯ģ
һΪ
޷죡
ӵͶ̲ס΢΢ſڷǳԼ۾жϡȷһжģһͻȻʶȥſڵҡ
ȻӵͿǸµĿʿ棬ʩʩȻģǽǱ߹ȥ
ӵһ̣һǿҵԸӵĸжֱᣡһֳ嶯Ҫȥīһŷƣ
׷ǹʵģīȻ˰ңҪôܱ飿ҪҵҶĸԸɣ
嶯а취ģֻҪ˵ȥоɣ£ͷ˵īݵӵľʶС
ӵǸжɻƴѰԼļ䣬Ҫ֪úкˣʲôʱ
ʱУһкá
Ϊ֮սֱ̫ˣ
˫ս࣬Ҫǿһ㣬ħɡ˿ħɡѾſɢſֲɭϺҲʾǰѽսͬƥ
¡¡
Свϴֳ֮˻ɣС絽ܲܳס澳ͷսƺʱпܱƣȻһѹͷ
ֽźʹ̼ĸоеȫѪڵĸо
ֽе飬ȫ˷
лааȵϣҲ¶һĨ˷֮ɫ
ûע⵽īǸ¿ʿûע⵽ͷ֮ӵȻ뿪
īǸŷŮŮߵʱǸ֮ǰȱŮӣһȵĿС磬
Դ߾ĳīûпһۣ
Ц˵˭ֵط£ǶǸԼСȥ
ŷһ㿴ֵ˼ûУУֻʣޱߵķŭ˲ĸоҡ
ʱһͻȻľʶС
ŷƣ£ġ
ŷȻһΪӡվҲ̤澳ʿȻ𾪣ϵı飬ȴû˿仯ֻɨһ۳ī΢ɲգգۡʾˡ
Ȼ󣬳īŷ·
һ紵ŷƶʱʧţĳȻһҵģͷһ
һ˲䣬һȵŮЩɻĿһߣֻǸµĿʿ뿪
ŮزΪƲƲ죬ŤͷСеս档
īһƽĳŴڴȥ
سɴ磡
һߵڴ֮󣬿ӵվ
īֱӴȥһ˵ˣߡ
ӰһӾʧ
ҲۼŲٻҵе飬ǵݵλʸ뵽ȫ棬Ҳһ۾ĿǸ޴ľͨ
Уͬ񽫾֮ս
գҪӿȡпֵġֺк˷ڶ
ûȥīӵ˲ʧӰ
ͬʱīԺУѾõָųīӦôߡ
ܿ죬īӵѾа֮⣬ȻֱչΣȫ
ʮǿգգۼӹ
󣬳īõӰ
īһ˹öЩȡ
ѡīûж͡
ҲûʲôųīӵˣֱһƬա
һ磬˶ܸ֪ǽĴڡ
¡
һ죬סˡ
֮˾Ϳ澹ȻҲһͨһȺҵе飬СһȵĿ֮ս
˿սѾβˣ澳ľͷȫˣܸо񽫾ƺռϷ磡
Ϊɫǳѿǳ˲СĿ
ͻȻ䴳ǿߣ߿ѷȺҵȫˡûſѯʣīӵþѾˣ
ڵʱʲô
аżʮľ룬ǿ˵ʲô
澳ͷһ֣ɵɱˣױȡ
︺صģʣһ澳Ļҵ飬ʣЩȫǴʥ۷ġƽ˱Ϊлаٳȫȥˣ
ͨǱ˸ҹߵĿػڵһʱ䷢źš˭û뵽ͨǱûдǻҵڲˡ
ɱȺһֲ
澳ľͷŭķֱӾͱˣ
īӵҪֱͨǿ澳顣ĲֱӾͽЩʥ
һ֮£澳ĻҵֱˣǷȵźš
ҲûʲôˡΪī˵ĵڶֱӽ÷ǣ
澳飬غϾͱ״ˡȻû͸Ѿȫʧȥеս
īҲûиϾɱȥõĴ֮£ֱǵѷ졣
һ֣ͬ
īеֱ߱նһԸӵĵâ
һȥǷӡֱѿһӣ
ӵöе㿴ˡ
ߣ
īһȣ׵壬ֱӳ˽ȥ
øӵһҧҲų˽ȥ
ǵīնѷ죬һӺˡ
طֻʣǸԪȱ澳ҵϮϮϮ


1573 лû
ͬʱǱߵУѾʼɧң
ѷϮϢѾˣ
񽫾֮սҲѾֳʤ񽫾һеƣѹΪⳡսʤߡ
߽糷ǱԭͼȷŭƵ˲Ϣ֪ʲôһ˫Ҫ˵Ĺâ񽫾ǺЦĻţ
Ǳ񽫾ʤ϶ͷӮսӮһ绨ĽŮӣؼŮӻһ澳ʿ¯òֱǰδеáڳһ˲䣬Ҳ֪ѷˡ
ôǰֲûһЩڻҵشȥ飬ͨǿѷͨ񽫾Ϊֱӻˣ
ڻҵػ첻ȥĻҵ飬ܻͨȥˣǼֱһЦ˵ֲͨܡ¶ҲĹԼȥ¡
ȴû뵽Ľսûиһˮ񽫾ŭˣСߣѻ˵ôĻˣԼϽĵط⣬ƨ£
ЦⳡսסңȻǱߴ˾ѵĻᣬ˵²ģ
ƨ񽫾ŭ䲻˵䲻쵰ߣ
Ц£Ҫϱа棬˼ᣡ
ϱϱģܲί
ߣЦ
߾ߣ񽫾ͬЦͲˣ¸һϵûУƾʲôˮϣŸڹΣ
ಣ
ಣ
մһ澳ͷĹһֱʧӰ
棬Ļˡ
˶ڲ²⣬˭ôĵӣȻҳȥѷڡ
ʱյļֱ̫ˣ
Ҳѹỳ񽫾ǣҲͬҲĻɰ
ҶԷôͬҲڴлаһƣϾΪла磬ѷڵķűÿġ
ЩμлаѷͬȲ鷢ĵһʱ䣬Ѿϻȥˡ
һʢ磬Ϊ£ŪЩӲ
Ǳߵла֪Ϣĵһʱ䣬ͳǱߵġīȥΪֱī϶Ѳϵ
ܵעӣǱߵġī̧ͷлаһЦ
лаЩаչųīǱǵصֹȥȻлаɫһ䣬˲佫ջء
һУ˲Ϣɣ˸ûиоʲôֻǸолаɫøѿ
ʱ򣬽ǸŷƵȷ²ŮӵŮ£ͻȻ䷢һȻ̴٣ܶ˵עˡ
ла΢΢һǸ˹ȥ
ֻŮһץŷơ죬ŭ˭
ŷ¶һĨЦݣȻͻȻ仯һ̣ţɢ٣
Ůŭɶһŭȡ
˾ȻƤӵ£ŷƻߣһٵĲټٵ޵ŮӣԺ˲ǸµӰʱȥǸˣͲˣ
һɵڵɫ԰סΪѾ뵽Ľ֡ʢŭ϶Ź³϶
뵽⣬ŮӵѡԾ
һ澳ʿĺ൱ˡ
˲һɱϢĴͬ籩һ㣬ͽֱӸˣ
ΪһˣѪˡ׵ġЩʥŮӣһӾͻ˳Ĳ
ла¶ŭɫֱӿ˷ȻӡǹɻŬӡסе澳ͷһ֣ͬлаһѹƾлаԼ϶ѹסġ
ʱ񽫾ͻȻС˵ɫ̫ÿа涼ûֻǱһѵһ䣬ͱϻˡ
֮һ۾ͿԼǸѡ˻Ծ˲˲ͷˣ
䶴Ϥǰ֮һ춯ص˭˭ңҹ
Ǳ񽫾ڶϤ̲֮סǺЦǷһѽսһ澳Ůˡ
˵꣬񽫾תߡ
ʣץһ澳ƼֱҪƬأ
ла侲㣡
ô侲Ӷˣʱ䣬ʵһֱ鲻á
ȽϿصһ׮ʧˡΪ׮ʵ˺ܶ࣬һ׮³ˣôڴаĵλȻõӳ֡ٱҪǿܶࡣ
ǸСүвƵģǧ֮ɱУ˸ɱˡ׮¼սˡΪλСүûôʵѡˣ
µķ粨Ҫȥַôһ顣صѷڱ˹ƣһ澳鱻ϡϲһŮ²Ȼ֪ĸ˳ˡĵǣ֪˭ġȴܲµѷڵʮа˾һģ
һ׮ı˵һˮʯ˭ǣ浽ҶŹ˵꣬תȥˡ
ûлакǻҵķ񣬿׺òżóõĶ
лаҲûж˵ʲôֻǴī
лаҲˣ
ᣬ˻ϲ˸߳־˷粨󡭡ɢ
ǸлаһŭĿųī㵽ҪʲôīǲǾҶ̫ˣûдлаʲôˣ㡭㾹ȻҶƣ
ƽīһƽ΢Ц˵
㡭ˣлĳƽƱˣûƹ㻹ϣлаǰĳīĺܣī¶Ѿͨˣ
ΪǰλҲûκ壡
ҪƽͲһˡī˵£κ˿ֻһ׮ͷܲ鵽¸йأСĵйأ²ŮйءΣȴ鲻ͷ
ла̲ס˸ۣȴҲòϣī˵ʵΪīµû˿ȷû˸ָͷ
ΪʲôҪôѾ㱣֤˳ͨǵѷͨΪʲôͲܵȵȣлаһΣһŭй
īЦҡҡͷ£˵ģȴûиǸᡣô˵ҶҪлġ֮ǰӦ飬Ҳһ죬̤̫Ͼ磬ɽٵʱ򣬻аǰǰ
µлаҲֻˡī־ٶʹ죬ȴȫû취й˼ֻʵһ£ûлаҳīҲһߣ


1574 һ
īųĬла΢΢һЦǡټɣ
лаһ۳īŭĵͨұز飡ʱϣ㻹ţûбͨȺ˸ɱ
ллˡīЦ
˭㣿Һ޲㡭˵⣬ла㬵ı͡治˵Ǿ仰Ϊʦ𣬲ϣīܻţϣīܻúáͻƣлѰ֮ͨ·
ԣټˡī˵ţȻ뵽ʲôла뽫ףѷٿһ¡
㡭ла̣Ҳ޿κΡ
ųī뿪ָֻŪʲôǣ
ȻīӴ̶ֻһ죬лаѾˣ
ãīһһ㶼аīа
ӲΪڣлаŴȥһѷȻ˵Ҫӡ˶ȥ
ŶݺݵĿųīϽ
īлаһȭڣ
лаһӻȫ࿴һһۡ
һΣıƵЩݣΪ׷е飬ʵԴͷ
Ҫ֪࣬аѹţҲø
ЩҵҲһƱ塭
ԣǸϽߺˡ

īӵãһѷ죬͸ܵǹɿ񱩵Ҫ˺ĸо
ǹ̫ǿˣڳīڻɣÿһλҵ鹥ͨѷо͵ȥ٣˵϶һԹ֡
ѷУ൱ǿʱ䷨ÿһΣ˶оյıܿ
ͨѷ죬·ǵ硣
Сĵ㣬Ǳǿأӵī
īһ䣺ȥͳ֣

ͨߣϷһ޴Ľ硣
ǽϷһ޴ѷ죬ѷֱͨҵء
ͨΪأǲ֮ء
ʿЩʿУ澳Ϊľʮʥ۷ʿΪӣһפ
Щʥ۷ʿȫͨгġ
ǣҲǷϵЩ澳ʿˡһǴģٶȼ졣ͬܿڷ
ˣеķŭҪЩ澳ľͷһЩҲԹ
ǻҵûйǵӻܺùЩĻȻܶӣֺ䣬ʥʿЩ޷ܡվᶪ
һҵӿ룬ô˵ǵеľͻȥ
ԣʹ޵ģڵһȻͨЩǿļ壬ڵڶġȻǻҵе顣
ͨеЩ壬ȫǲֻܽȫŭ𣬷йڻҵϡ
һɱһûκοܻŹ
ͨ庮Ĵͳ죬ûˣں֧һΪǰﵽ澳󣬱Ϊһͳ죬Щ񡱣פڼ
Щ꣬ƾս˴ͳλϡ´Լˣ澳ʿʥʿǧˡǧʥڵڲȵʿרŸڡ
𳤴⴦硣磬ǧôӡѷ졣
ЩӣЩټͳ죬Ҳ澳ġ񡱵һ¡
񡱾ĥ£ѽеĸŭҲˡ
ѵ췴ɣ
ûǸ췴Ҳ췴ˣʧܣҲһƱ汳ġǶףһģֳַƵλ󽫾Ǿаʴǵġ
λ󽫾Ϊһ磬˵Ѿ澳ڣǧﳤѷӡ
һˣǺĵճӵܣսԺգʮְԵƽͲЦͳϥʵʵġ˼˹ͬèһ
˵ĴڣЩ澳ͷȫһ߾ʬ⡣ȥǲ඼ѾԼڵǺε硣
Ǽǲ߳ݺ˻ĵģ
һ޾Ĵѩɽһɽ룬ͬһݷ⼫֮ء
ƽＫΪ
һƤ멣վڶſڣ̧ͷǵӡȥ૵ܽѷ쳹׶жã
һȥֻʮ߰ŮվߣЦĵͳ𣿡
תЩĿһŮӣֹ˹Ŀɰӣôܳˣ̫ˣ
˼ҲģЦֻͬ£ʮֿɰ˵˼ҲǴʥʿأ
ţǰʥǵСôͳһº͵Ц⡣
󽫾Ů
Ҳǹ۰һӣΨһù¶Цݵˡ˵ҪϵǣԥĳϾȥժһǻһСǣ͸ԼŮ
ȴе㸴ӡ
һ˵Ĵڡĸףһͨ澳ͷ
˷ˣ
ߵŮ˺ܶ࣬ǺϤĸѡĵ¡һ˹ɫҲ൱ߵ츳֪ΪΣȴƫƫϲһŮˡ
£ںȻ󲨡Ҳһͱϵ˵󻹾˺档ԷŰ¸ѹס
Ҳ˴ۣûϣصˡֻȻĻΪĵճӵܣѾصȥˡһֱΣյĵط
ҲӲִۣԼŮƽ
ǵòϵġ
ʲôЦһаŮֱǺľ޴裡ǹŮǹƴţͱɱˡ
ûԼϲŮ˺ͱŮնûа취
˵壬û
ҲΪ£֪һ׮ء
ǾǣͨĹ壬ÿӵдķ񡣵ȴûӵն̫ϹҲУ
񾿾ôģϵӺζ񵽵ô¡ʵѾû˵ˡͨĹʷƺҲֹϲ㡣ͨей壬ȫѭһء
ÿ꣬һŷ񣬿ԶսӸٻǿߡЩǿߣѷ죬ҵеս
ܶʼһ޴ѭûܹıʵûܸģҲû˸Ҹġ
֪һ׮ͨеĽţʵҲ㲻ţһ׮ɣ
ͨһž޵ţͼƳնķǸžʧˡǸڵļ壬Ҳһҹ֮䣬Ϊƽءһ̫ϾĹ棬
£ͨĽ֮һᶼû˸ᡣ
һ£ܹȷϵġ
̫ϣͨеǿڣ
ǣ
Ȼû취Ǹżʧû취ͷ̲صȫܡ
һУһա
ţͨ


1575 
ﳤҲͬáȴͬİŮǱġС͸ףһֱڶȻˣǳ㡣ʱЩζҲ޿κΡ
磬˵᲻ͻȻ˴ӽǱ߳ͷǵ̵Ľ磬ʵ
ȻǳĿһ۹ȻЦ˵ȻĻ糣ʧȥô
˵ΪʲôҪأԼļ԰ŲôվǸŮ˰̫áûʶκѪȵĳ档
ֵطκˣҪ顣Ҳǲɱġؼʱ̣Ǵ󽫾ҲһҪϳսģ
͹Щˣһֱ̫ԸʵϣһӶǵĿš
羿ж󣬾жٻҰжܡж˲ֵ飬ΪʲôҪ֪أΪʲôҪ˽أ
˶֪վҪġյСѾͷһ㳤
΢΢̾Ϣһ˵ҵǱߣԴѷ滷ܲпᣬǳնһСľͻȥԣǱߵ飬ܿԴ
Ϊʲôܷǹأһ˫ˮĴ۾Ź㣬һ⣺ǹҺƽദô
ȻʧЦһСӽЩ飬Ҫܹȫ⣬ȻѶȵġ
ҲûżֻЦ˵ǵ̫ȫŹߵԴͻᱻڶʱȫռݡңǹҲмǣΪĻǱߵ飬Ѿɥʧԣǵû֣еġֻƻֹƻ
ôĴ۾֮ɫ
Ǳߵ飬󲿷ֻࡣ˵ţȻĿһȥصȥǱжˣ
ʶ̧ͷͷ񷡣ֻǵνѾʼĲơͬ紵ƽһһ˷ɢȥ
ȥ˵ţֱչʶֵǡߣսս
ʵϣѾкฺܶ۲tʿʾ˷
лҵ֣
ս
ˡս׼
һΣȴûһڵһʱͻصķȥ˵磬ҲҪȥأҪۿһΣսģ
ⲻС
û˵꣬ͱϣ磬֪ǶڱңѾˡ飬ҪҲһӣ벻ҪٰҵСӸߣ𣿡
ǡ㻹Щɡɲ飬ҵеЩ飬ʲôݡһǿĻҵɱô˵ǹ㣬ʱĿܣ
磬ҾͿҲңһʲôΣҵһʱȥһᶨ˵
ǧҪܣͷԭԽǿһģҲ̲סܸӦĻҵ飬Բߡ
ֻܿʼָЩ澳ʿȫϸ죬һֻҵӰϧһд۽䣡
һӰ˷ʼ֮Ϸȥͬһ⣬ȥޱȵĿ
Ҳҡҷô󣬻ǵһμʶ־̫˸еˡ
һ˫ۣǸλеĽŸСҲԽԽǿҡ
һ澳ʿĸӦ֤Ǳ߹Σճ̶ȡеڣûǿа͵ȫˡ
˿ģȻѾЩˣ
¡¡
һ춯صľ죬˻ϡ
ϣ
ؼֻʣһ֮⣬ʲôˣ
Щոճʿ澳ĻãЩʥ۷ʿһ˲䣬ȫʧȥһ㣬֮ϣ׷׵䣡
ȻǱһģ
ţǵֱӳһ޴ѷ죬ѷǧ
ſǿĽ磬棬˺ԣû̫ܵ𶯡ͻȻֵѺۣȴֱӿˡ
ǻҵ
г𺳡
͸ǵѺۣܹĻ糡档һ֮أ
ݺᡣ
ⳡ棬Ȼֻһ˲䣬ȴ㹻ùŮĥӡˡ
Ӱѷһ˳
澳ʿ˵ֱӳӰɱȥ
һ澳ʿһΣֱӳʣǸҲһֱڹע
澳ͷͬʱĹ͵ĳ̶ȡ
Ȼ֮ͨУŲͬķ򣬵ֹȻɫĿֲ
û뵽ǣӰΧȻһޱǿĳǳǼǿķɢġ
ߵʿ׼ˣֺγûһ׼
澳ͷһֱӺƬ档
īӵ˼澳ͷֵһ˲䣬Ҳųˣ
Էһûнô˵ķȴԷ˴ʧɫ
Ϊ˵̫ǿˣ
ӵһ㣬īõֲ̫ˣ
ÿδŻȥˣҲǳͨߵķġԣĹ÷ǳ׼һ֮£ͽһͷֱӸ˳ȥȴǿûж࿴һۣͳŵڶ˺ȥ
īȻûиܹͨߵķ򣬵ӵ֮ǰѾѹַѹƣīͲں
ٶ̫ˣսûжϹʲôεսָơѹƾͨԳī˵ȫûκαĸо
߱˲նĵâֱӽ澳ͷˡ
¡¡
ʱõĵڶҲѾĵڶĿꡣ澳ͷˡ
ӵľ磬ҪڳīãȴҲûô
ҲɱǿߣȻĻҲˮ׷ɱдŷӳ
ԣڳīˬˬ֮ӵҲԼָɳȥ
īЩɻ
ӵĵһͻģ
ߣȵ
ʱ򣬳īǿƥʶѾĵסһ۾ͿңԶĹ㣬Ҳ˹ǸƯŮ
һīŹǱߣúӵ˵
һӾ˳ī˼ȿס˵
˵Ĭʵ̫ǿˡ
ǱߵĹ㣬ڳīʱ򣬾Ѿо˲ԾߵĹȥ
Ŵʥľ磬ȴûйһʵսĹûиӦΣٽϢʱ򣬲˵һ仰ǵˡˣ


1576 
㡭˿ǳڣ֪һʼͰͻȥ
ڣѾˣ
ͨеķطһߵѹƺǿҡ־룬ݲùκηӦ
īˡѾ˹
֮ǰɵ澳ʿǸûгֵĵ澳ʿ˿ȫһĳߡ
͹ҪиôҲûˡ
ī˵ٶʵ̫ˣ۹Ҳ̫ˣ
˵īֱӱŹģ
ϵλϢ̫㣬һͲ澳ͷһϼܲκλߵϢ
һվԨsŵģһ֪Ǹ
ʱ򣬹㷸һ޴Ĵ
ոյı֣е̫ˣ
ӵܻ΢һ㣬īöʲô۹ˡ
ǸСҪõУ¶һĨ䡣
Ļҵ飬壬ͨеһ鶼ӡԣͨߣǹ޼ɵǸ
īȴѵѾǻҵصˣҪ˺ǡ
Ҳ˲ųī¶һǸЦݣǾ͡ץס
䣡
䣡
īãһֱӺ㣡
㱾ɵ϶ǿ澳ͷֱӾ˲١ʱȴݲ˺벽ֻӲͷƤӲš˳īõһ
ӵʵҲû٣
īõͨҲõԣֱһץ
ʱ˿ֱ̣ŭԸӵĵزŷ۸һСʲô£
ûģ
ûйκսСŮһ̣ȴıֳޱ侲һ档
̧־һ
һɱϢֱӴӵ
ϲѽӵЩԾһʥСȻܴһ̫澳ĹֻݱܷâԱƿ
ˣŭһ
վǲ̫࣬ӵһգ۵Ĺ򣬾ѾǰһѾͽССȻĳĿѵĹ˵ְͣɣλ
ǡ޳ܣҪˡ
޲޳ܣֻͲ˵ˣû塣ӵ˵
ʱ澳ͷҲȫҪԳī˳֡Ҳڵһʱ䣬˱סĹһȫһֻҵ鱼ںХ
ƿڴ㣺ǲɵˣȻСܳս
澳ͷûùѣڵһʱͣˡ
֮ǰ㷸˵һش澳ͷַ˵ڶش
ǵľٶѾ˵Ůһ൱Ҫˡɾ֪ҲҪΪ̫Ҫˣ
Ҫиʲôô˵ģֱӾ͵÷裡ܽƷˣ
ʱ嶼޷ѹ¡
īһⳡʱˣȻһ溮˪Ů˵һ㡣
ҲĻˣ飬ȥδͨûġͷֱ̫ˣ
˶ûνҲǵɫޱѿ
һӡһųīˣҷߣ
޶Ļҵ顣ޱ˵ôܷ
㡭ҪôܷһɡҪҵ˵
磡һŭĵ㲻ҪȺЭ
ЦѣˣСԱֵǮˡ
ۣ
㱻ֱһѪ
īһ˵Ҳüʵûô⡣ȻĻľͲڵĻҵˡ
ؿţ澳ľͷҲȫųīǵȻóīһ塣һһǿ壬ȴ׳īҪʲô
ǴﾭҲǽһˡŮȴߡǵ˰ȫȻīŹ㣺ǲ˺ҲǷ̫ĳͻҵ˼𣿡
ף̾ϢһŹһȻ˵ΨһܹģֻǵĴ󽫾
ŶѾˡī˵
ʱԶգһߣߣ
ʱһУһӢη˵Ҫңɱ⼸ˣ
㡣
ī
á
ӵ
澳ľͷ
ȫһĿŹ
һɻĿˣ˵ôˣѵ˵ĲѵұֵĲӢôΪʲôҶôң֣
Щ˶ҪģȴǴ󽫾
ģŮվҲʹ޹㡣ȻĮȴһ֮ˡȻôܶŮǸ˶ġô谮뵽ģȴԼЩĴˣ
Ȿһյأ
Σյʱ
ȴ谮ŮƬյ֮ϣӲһС׻
ɵ
Сʶ֮һһ硣ŸոⷬҲ˵ڵİɣ
šȻ̾Ϣһ
ʮɢ澳ϢʿߣĿųīˡ
˺Ůҷ뿪ųīˣĿͣڳīϣ˫ӥһУĹâ
ΪһѷĽһ˫۾ҲǷǳһۿīеĺģųīһȵ˵ҵŮаһͷǼұؽ׷ɱǵĺ澡ͷжǿ֧ţҶŹǣ
˵꣬ԼŮҪ¡еأ
ţҲŲЩˣȻӵƣü֮ȴûа־ɫ
ãҹŮ˵ţһңߣ
һ澳ʿЩɵ˵ĻǱߣ
˭ҷһƨ˵Ҿɱ˭
澳ʿ΢΢˳飬漴͡ȻԼҽƢ仰˵˵ѡ
īһ۹Ȼӵõ߰ɣ
ųīԥһ£Ȼ˵ߡ
īŹû˵
˵ֻǸ򣬲ǰȫġҲΪǵΪŮ
īͷã
˴ŹǸֱȥ
Ҫȥȴֹˡ
ЩԵĿŹһǡ
ǰҵص飬Σ
ܵøȥСİȫ
ֹ̧֣ס˵Ļ˵ǲ˺
˵꣬תˡ


1577 ͻȥ
һȺ澳ʿȫǵľ磬ͶԻҵ˽⣬㲻жٰȫĿԡ󽫾ģ
Ȼ˵˳īǰһŵĵ
ǵģǰѵ
߱죡
ֻˣ
ٶȳͨ統С
ǰѵҲΨǸ˵Уܷӳɣ
뵽ǰʱõĴӹǱߴϢʮˣֻʮˡһѾˣȴһһˣȻɱλնԼ̤ʯţ֪١
Ȼ˵ٵһ˲䣬ǿԽնġʵϣɹȴ޼û˳ô
ΪʱޱԼˣĸնԼ
֮ڣҲֻŻôɰɣ
ţȻŮʧķϲû̫ĵǣ¶˼ɫ

ī˴ŹܿѾԶƬ嫵ļ֮ء
Ѿ뵽
Ѿ˹Χʼգûɳһǡ;֮ϣûܵκε衣һ·ͨ
īͣ˽Ų
һĿ󻵵ʲô
īЦЦǵûȥ·𣿡
һܵľɫ૵Ҳһһοôĵط
īȫһ˵ѾͷûûҲ浽һ磬һ˲Ƕ֡£Ȼ˼羰
˵ţųī󻵵Ǵ뿪ˣ
ǵģһسŵˣȻҲҪسŵ뿪ī˵
Ҳȥųī˵󻵵ҸһһʱٻؼҺòã
īͷߵĿŹСѾͷǶʮĻˡ
˰ɣǸһĻҵɲһΪʲô֪ЩĿųīʵǶǴӻҵǱӳĶ԰ɣ
īƲƲ죬˵ôǱӹģһǺˣ
٣Ҿǲѽ˵
̫ˣûжٻ˻ѻдԼϡī˵ţڰ֣Ͻ߰ɡ
Ҳߣɴ۾һĵǲҸţҲؼңһҪҵҲҡȻһΪǰҸˣʱ϶׷ɱǣû֮أ
ȫˡ
īͬŰ׳һĿŹСѾͷΪǻ
Ǿɱѽһں˵ϳҵĵҲû˿ңͲء
īӵЩ⡣ôһСѾͷһʥʿ
Ҫֱ߰ɣǡÿֻгīܸ֪˵
ҲǣˣСѾͷһ˺£ȻҲͻؼˡӵ˵ںܼеҪԼĵŷƣ˼С
ī˵һؼأҪǳʲô⣬÷裡ʱǵ鷳޾
Ǹ鷳֪ڰ·ͰˡЩŭ
ɴֳ˱壬ԶĿڹǰЦþûгԹˣ
ȻһһУ˺ü
Ц͸Ͻ
Ȼһǰ־ȥֻ޴Ķۣѽ֣ǶĿֻͼϼĻǵһοأ
˲澳ĳ򣬽Զ
һίѽôף˼ҾǺ
ʱҲûˣСɱɱﲻҲУֱǸ鷳
ʱ򣬳ī˵ţҰͻȥ
Уúӵ˵
ӵ˵̫ΣˣУϣһ̣ĲڿŷƵİΣȷΪīǵġ
Ҳ˵ȥͶ
īЦҲǴӻҵǱ߹ֲǻҵص飬ʲôͶġѻ˵ͺˡ
˵ţīһָǱ߹κηӦֱӾͱӡסˡȻ󱻳īӽ˲ȥ
ŷƱī˳
էһֱӣӵȦ˲ͺˡ
ƶȥŷƱס
ŷҲЩ£ӵϣҲ¶ϲ֮ɫˮˢһ¾
ЩĿųī˵ôͻȻðһ
һᣬŷ㳹Ūʲôתīʩ񣺡лӳȣ
īЦЦô
ӵ˵֣ĻҲ˵ˡǷԺǳֵģ
˵ţӵֱӴȡһöƣӸīǷƣǷ޵ƿطʽʮ澳ʿƿطʽ޶ۣõⶫʮ꣬ҲûгŪ죬Ұ㡣ǵҲˣ
īӹöƣʶ̽һ£Ȼʮǿʶ̽飬ȴϵһ˻
īȴܸ֪ⶫģķƣ
ˣīЩĿӵ
ǷȵġҪǣα£īͷ˵ģǵ⣬һа취һУһ˵ڣȰŷƵķӡ⿪˵
󣬳īúӵ˳֣ŷϵķӡֱӴ򿪡
»ɵĸоŷ̲ס棬ԳīãҲǳмڼõһ˲䣬Ѿ֪ôˡ
֮ǰɱ˳СүǼ£ҵض÷зġŷȻûӡʵȴûбӡ˶䣬Ҳжŵġ
ӣҪǸСͻȥŷƿųī¶Էɹ뿪
ӵҲ˵Ǹһ֪һѪ֮ˣȥ
ҲһǵĿųī
֮ǰˣĸʣīǵġһīʲô⣬ôǽĹǶʧȥ
īЦҡҡͷİɣҲʲôΣյġǸǸ˼ˡ
ͨʱҲ˵Ĵ˵һѪޱȰԵˡŷƵϣǳǡ֪ΪʲôīĪļ¡
ƺе㺦³īƵġ
ָо֣֪ġ澳ļȥݣҲݲκζߡ
īľˣĲϣīκ⡣
īڰ֣ģʮ졣ʮ֮δ飬ǾȥֻҪţһҵǵġ
о仰ʵīҲûκ˵
Դ̤ͨһ̣īУĪһͷֻˣ
ͷңƺ磬൱Ϥ˽⣡
˵ߣȫιĵȴиڸȷӦǸߣ
īջǻȥˣΪֶͨϤоҲЩɣԼѵͨеˡתģ


1578 ն
īʵͬͽ˵Ϊֱ̫ˣ
Ҳ˵Ƿֻ˵СôᷢԼϣԼ֮ǰͨеһʿΪʲôҪͨôõԴȥתֻأԱ˳ŵ
ںּܶڱ˵ǿѨ硣
ôڳīУһҪŪ鵽ǴӺζ
ȴӹ￪ʼˡ
Ϊī֮ǰĸ֪ƺһֺΣⲻֱһʵŷƺӵ˵һˣīҲ۾Ҳȥֱ档
ţ߹Ĳ϶ôĵȥ
ôˣΪʲôôң
Щ⣬Ϲȷһͦ鷳ԣīðջȥһΣ
һΣīȫٸ·ֻ죬ѾصƬ֮ء
Ȼ󣬳īʶȥ
Ǳ߼һ˲˻ӦԵЩ죺ôˣ
Ůīص
ǱƺеȻ漴ƺʲôֱӻ˳īһ䡣
ң
ʱ֮󣬳ī˹
һΣֻйһˣ
ңһװģ˲Сı仯žǹϤ˼ˣҲδһϳ
Ȼûа취ϵĵͳ򣬵һαװûκġ
īĵһʱ䣬ûԼŮֻĿųīȻǻˣ
һ仰ڳī棬ֱȻ󲨣
ȻʶңīҲûжȦӣһĿŹ
˫ӣͨӢ˭֪ϣ¶һĨЦ⣺ĳӣһµĸӢܣ
ҲճīЦһ¡
ϡͨ壬һ塣깫ֻأһϦ֮һˣȫˣеһ̫档˿ûһֱӾ͵һ׮¡
ʵϣͨ㲻ʲôܡȴһ׮ɣἰ˲ˡųĬĳī˵֪ܶߣ˵Ӵ˴Ľɣ֪ӽѣѡֻޡǲҲ˵ǡ
棿īŹ
Խ̫ϣƿͨڣȻûֻ˵
ϣгԽ̫־ĴڣīŹоЩ˼顣
̫־磬ѾǺ˲˼Ĵˡ澳ȫ޷ȥ˼̫ϵĵ󣬳Խ̫ϵĴ桭ֻǺεȵĴڡ
Ȼ̫ϣҲ߲档Ҳͬ١νĲ⣬УʿһԸˡ˵ʵϣһǳԪӳʼٶмʮ꣬ЩϵǳƯڸеЩ޴½أǿܴǧǧꡣŶٹϵ˭ȫ֪ޱ޼ʣȻִ̫ڣԴĺܡ˴־磬֪һɣ
īĬпЦ˵չ˵Ǻ簡ȻĽɶܴ
ն𣿡īŹʵ
ͷӦþ£
˵ţĿƵĿųīѾɹˣ
īЩãȻ΢΢ü˵ӦǿԵģ
̫ˣһϲȻųī˵װɣ
ףīֵĿŹ
նŮǰȻٰնԴǿ񡭡ҿṩԴṩıӻڼҸұ֤ҵĵϣǴ潵٣Ȼ˭ֺųīһԸ֪֪֪飡ܶôܵ飬ֻҪ֪Ҷ㣡
īܹо˵ⷬʱǺܼģңǹϢϣûһα
īҲţһ̣˵ӦöĻ
룬˵ҿ԰㣬Ҳ
ųīˣͲʲô鷳
ǴµĶҪī˵׳īԭ
¡īЦܽǼ˳ֹϢɾȻ鷳Ҳ鷳
룬յͷӦðɣҴӦ
󣬹ųīһ൱صĵطŮˡĸףܸ˳ī
һէһ˾޵ϸһȴ޾˫Ůӡһʣֹׯ󷽡һϾͳִҵķ緶
澳Ůӣ֪˳ī԰նȥϢ֮Ҳû¶̫ȵɫֻĿŹʵôС
˼ܼ򵥣ֻҪߣҾͲκΣգϣֲȥңʲôõĵģ
̬ȴʮּǾǣӾʶеǸ񣬱նȥ
Ůģ
Ҳնȥ
ЩʿŮȴɵģ
ӵϵɣ
ȥûȻһֱȥ顣ڣܹնȥˡô£ͱڵһʱɣ
һͷīˣ˭ȥ
Ҳ˵ǹж˽ʵıܣ
󣬳īų
ĸ׸ףֱЩԼ˫ۡһŭĳųī󻵵㡭㻵ˣ
񡣡ӹˣһº͵ĿԼŮ
Ǵ󻵵˼Ҿִůůط漸ߵĸߣĸ׵
ЩͬĿһ۳īΪʲôīͻˡҲͬ
ֱһ׸ſ϶ǲеģǲܡһʲô⡣Լ϶㵽īͷȥ
鷳ˡԳī˵
Ǵ󻵵鷳ʲôһޣкܲˬ
ЩõĿԼŮ
ž죬һҺܲ˵ߵһ¡
󣬹ƽĿųīǣȴҿʼɡ
ʲô飿ʲôһȡ
˿һԼİŮ˵Ҫնȥ񡣡
˲ɵȻֹһ䣺ôĻǲǾͿȥүүˣ
Ȧһºˣʲôǲϲ㣡
ȴɵЦû׵Ļһ̫ˣҲЩûؼˡһܿģǵİɡ
īŹˣܻ̿е㡭̫ܣŵ㡣
ЦЦ˵İɣҲһġһСʿ澳ʿܶꡣ
īͷ˵Щ
ֱӼ˲ٻն
ʮѪ£ųâӳֵնϣ棬նһӣһߵŹֹȥ


1579 Ҫıһ
īгְնȥҲ̽
еķ󣬾̫϶̽ѰǳǿҲǹӵǿֶˡ
īҪԣնȥ񣬻᲻ʲôӦޣǾͺ˵ˣԺ󣬻԰նȥ˵ûĺճӵܡһѾǺͳīһϵˣ
飬ҪǸ˵ȥѰ·ңīܹԵĸоĹѪҺҲǳĶ࣡
ȻûڼȵǸȺеһԱԼȴƺȫͬ
͹ˡ
նֱӳ֣նȥ˹˵
͹ŮˣȫһŵǿšǵĶѾᵽɤۡ
һҳ¾˳ī
ţҪնȥǾˣ
Ƿ˻ʿκε飬ɵԴ
˷һƺߣһ˿Ѫ˳ʳϣɲǼ䣬ȴһɼǿһɾ޴˳Ź˵б
־۹ǹδϼ
澳ͷһ̣ٴλص˹˵ϡ
նϣ¶һ˿ƣ֮ɫǱնȴԴԴϵע뵽ն嵱С
ԣֻһ˲䣬նֱȣųīͷһâصȥ
Ȼɻصī嵱С
У˰Ϣ
˶û˵ȫŹˡ
ã˲ųһˡһĸо
£һ˽˵ĻС
Ȧͨ죬Ȼųīϥ򵹣лӴ
𡣡īæȥѹȻ˵֮Ͷѡ
ӵľ֮ͣȴҶԸһм˵֮УҲΨйӲֲ飬ΨйӲЩȻ̫ϾĴڣ಻һ㡣
أһĿųīأ
һԼŮܺе˵㼱ʲôóϢһ£
ŶԲˡ࣬ȻԳīǸ
īڰ֣޷ھͿʼɣ
˵ţٴٻն
ǰһʥʿ˵Ӧñȹ˵նȥʵϣȴ񡭡˵ֻһô󡣶񣬸һžɵĶһ𣬳ΪһһСĶľʶС
ǾͼˣնֱӳնȥǡȴҪ˿һ㣬һĽնȥ˺ЩɵĶ
Ϊһ˺Щطôϻᷢı仯˭֪
ڵ֪һ֮󣬾еЩԥˡһ֮ˣķͬҲܹ澳ľͷ˭ûоˣԣҪԥܾã飬ֱˣ
漰ǵŮ˲òЩԥ
̳˸ĸֹԸĹȴޱȵļᶨӣնȥ񣬾ҳ⣬ҲԹаԹ
ԼŮЩɡ
ʲô˵ˡŮѾⶫŮŪˡŮҲԶڱӵĿУһ˵
ŮͷãȻѾˣǾôɣ˵ţųīӣΡ̫鷳ˣ
Ǳֱóһҩģÿһ꣬ķ׭ӡšȻеҩɢ
īƤֱΪЩҩĵУġȻʥҩǸģмʥҩ
ЩʲôöҪлӵĶ飬ҲϡһϿҵĿųīǰ﹫ӻָһõġ
ģ
ô
ȻСҲնġ
ҳīҲˣննȥĿ֮󣬾ͻֱӽеյֲ־޴ġ
նЩƬ֮󣬻᲻Σգīʱû֪
Ӧû̫⡣
ڳī˵ȫûκĵģԣԹ⣬īҪܾ
ȴǳ󣬳īֻ¡ùģīҲȷҪЩĴҩ
Щҩڹؼʱ̣ȫǱĶ¶澳ʿ˵ͬҲˡ
նٴγ֡
һΣ̣ȴ죡
Уī˺͹ˣû뿪벽ȫҲûκνȫǿննȥĹ̡
Σնɫ÷ǳ԰ףϵϢҲ÷ǳſѪ£ȫҪնҲйӦĸо
ʱ򣬳īֻԳ̷֡һʥҩ
һ꣡
ԴˣīҲֻйṩʥҩȻЩ鷳
֮󣬹ʶеİڱɹķʣһ뾫ĶȻȻʧľʶС
̣ʵ൱ʹ࣬ʹ̶ȣԽ˹ܵʹࡣûоκη紵СȫӲҧأʹҪʹȥҲûзһʹ
īЩĿ࿴
󣬹ʮѪÿһѪУ̺Ŵӡ
նƺְӡȫȤûգԣȫͨѪķʽ˳
ЩӡƬŹѪڶеһɲǣֱӻһεƺҪ忪ӡȥ
ī͹ɫһ䣬֪ЩƬӡ뿪
ͬʱֱ֣ӽʱڽЩɾ
ͬʱ˿Ȼ໥һۡ¶Ц
һΣ͹ˣԼһڣֱӶԳīϥ򵹣жīһС
īϽһһ
Щ˴ȥϢˡѾͷȻЩųīһͷıĸߡīСóīЩҸӡ
Сƺеˡ
ȴʲô֪һֻųīī˺ܶ顣
ͨʮǿĹңͨеĸֲ
ǼȻǿĹ壬˵塢ˮ壬˵ڵĺ壬ԼڤӼȡ
⵱УȻҲ˳ī񶼲ȷϵǸǰ˫ĳӡ
ī̸˺ܶ࣬ҲͬϲֶֶĴڣֱеʿ
澳飬һǹ涼ŽѪҺģЩؼĳôܱ˵ūһʹ
˵Ǻ塢ˮ塢ڤӼЩͨеĶһҲûıһУ˵Щ壬ϵ£ҲûԸȥı顣
ϾǼȵߣΪʲôҪıأ
ԴˣīҲֻεĿЦУȴγһԣҪıһУ


1580 ͵û
նĿƣͨУǾ޽еġܹոսһ̣ȹ̵ʱܽնȥȴ˿Խ񡱺ܶʿʶеն䡣̫ˣ
ոսһ̽նȥʿֶ⵨ʶЩ쵽񻰡Ͼڲ֪Ǹ֮ǰм˻ܾ粻ջ
κǻ۵飬ܾ
û˻ɹīǰѾ֪ЩʲôֻɣԼ󶼷ˡΪ̫ף
ܵ飬Զܸ˵ȥҴͨЩ棬Ҳûô򵥡š˭ҵġѾͨУƵЩʿûл»صԼڵȥͨѷҵأҪʵܶࡣ
Ϣһȥͨ𱩶͹˶ƶǶĸ潲֮£ҲˡҲ˵ŮжԳīһ˿㺣ûһ˿㺣ӣҲܳԼĶˡ
һĺӣû֣µĸī֤ʲôֻóīһҪԼСģǧҪչ¶ܹնֱ¡
ͨ췭ظûоԵ֮ǰǧҪ飬ҪΪնЩʿǾͻصĸ㡣ֻҪһ˳㣬ͳˣһҪסҵĻǧǧ򡭡ҪûоԵ֮ǰչ¶ֱ죡һĿųīߣĺˣһĨĺۼ
īͷôڱīͬҲڱԼīҲƬ֮أӵĨǳֵĺۼ
󣬳īûȥ˸
ӣĻͲ˵ˣһҪغԼԥһ£漴һĨɫһ죬ĳڰٺŮ֮󣬱ؽͿأ
нһ仰ʵҲ͹ˣīȭС
뿪·ϣīҲмָпͨҵȻ̫һ֮ΣҲΪѵáȹŮ˵Ҳð˺ܴķաеˣô˵ѾᱻһȺ澳ľͷΧɱ
ī޾澳ʿĵһȺ澳ͬҲû׵ġҺãһ֮ˣøжҲһĺӡ
һѣðһЩգҲֵõġ
īصʱӵŷƺÿȫһ
ЦҪٲƶҪɱȥˡ
ӵ˵˵ĺ㲻Ƶġ
ͷ
ŷһЦգĺϲֻصʱĸоǸʱԵĻ飬˵ѪȥЩɵɵ塣
ַΧž粻ԽԽˡ
ӵ̤Զս֮󣬾ҲûйַΧˡ
Ȼ࣬ӿȥܳªЩˡǵѣεյ֡
ú̹Ȼڳī͹⼸죬̸˺ܶ顣֮ǰڶĿ嵱ʱЩ顣ûʲô
ӵŷƶͨˣ˿áΪˡѪɱЩ飬ʵġǺ컷ɵġ
ԣڳī뿪⼸֮Ľ飬Ѹ¡Ѿ˲ѡ澳֮䣬ǼΪѵõġ
мŦǳī
ʵīĻزˣǹƻҪֿġ
īƽȻȫԴϲ
īˣԥһ£Ȼ˵м£һ
ʲô˵޷ӵº͵˵
ǰʲôֱ˵ǡŷ΢Ц˵
ī룬˵ڣն񡭡
ʲôӵһ𾪵Ŀųī
ŷĿ͵Ŀųī
ÿųīһ𺳵ĵ֪֪仰ζʲô
īͷȻȥҿ»ġ
㻹˵ЩŭĿһ۳īôι˹𣿻˵ȫڱĵطˣûУ
ŷŭãīЦˣ𣿡
ȻᣡŭҲᣡǣһû񣬱˸֪㵱ãжı£ܹӹͨд׷ɱ£Ҿ͵û
ӵŷƣ𺳣Ҳȫ¶صı飬ӵųīǰ仰Ǿ͵û
ŷǵķڹӵϣҲẦǡ飬Ժ˵ɣ
ڲնӵһᶨն˵
ţնŷĿųī˵
⻰Ȼȥ˶עܣոӵŷκһ仰˵ֱܻӳָɵǣ
ɲҲҪɣ
Ϊ£ϵ̫ˣ
īһãŷƺӵӦīȴ֪ĺ˵ã˵ﻰҴ̤нһֱ죬ѲࡣȫܶûаˡҵǼҵѣŻȻĻҲ˵¡
˵ҵȻ֪Ƿ֪ڻҵأ֣ʵֵǮġġ
ﲻǻҵءī˵
ࡣÿųīҲһĵô˵ĻԺ㻹ǲҪ˵ˡһ죬ǵܹ߳ƣѹ¡ʱ£ôУΨһ񣡡
ӵŷҲȫһԵͷӵųīҪˣ£ɡ
īЦЦҪܲˣǽ£ָθ˵أ
˵ˡӵųī֣ǧ˵ȻͬĲһҪ˵ҲоԵİ˵ðɣ
ŷҲһͷѽѽǵС
澳ľͷ˵ԼСⳡ滹˾ЩӵŷƵĿУ£һ㶼ī˵飬̫˸еˡ
ʲôܹնȥ
˭
ĸһͬ·ŸԶĵطȥ
ûһ״󺺣Բģһ׶һͲƲ֡
ӵŷƣҲ任ԼģȻеӢٷ磬Ůķɫǡվһ˭ҪһһԾˣ
īһͨӣһͷƮݵİ׷ϵƾ˼صζ
ͷ׷ī̤澳ʱ򣬲ûпȥı
ԣͷȻǰѩġ
ӣҪǳȥƭС϶ӵųīģЦ
ôͨûСϲ㡭ԼŪôӢСĵ㡣īЦŻ
ڵСŮϲϴżֲɣζˡһ˵֣˵ţϵĴӡ
īһĵбԳ塣
÷˸ۣ˰
Ҳ˲а



1581 ˮɽׯ
ͨ
ˮɽׯ
ɽ㣬̲
һƬɫĽںߡ
һСͷСͷͣš
һɷߣͷľͷ
磬һ˿ҲûУˮܾͬһ㡣ӳŴŶ߻Ǹ͡
ߵ۾գȥΪС
һĻ۳κεطᱻ˵һСΨﲻᡣ
Ϊˮɽׯ
ͨصĵط֮һ
ˮϣƯһһµڶ˵ڳȴ޶ԣ˿û͵ͷ
СУҪֲС㣬ᣬʳζϧͦһ£Ϊʲôͱòأ˵ƾʲôתֻˣô֪ȾƾʲôԶս֮ϣܹƾ豾նԼ񣿳˲ôⲻǡ飬Ϊô㣬ҪΪ̫ʱ㹳ӵˣֲֶΣˮŸɣһŴȥ̡̣Ҳп̲Ūˮ˼˵ܻ졣鷳ѽ鷳ǰˣܲԼӡ˵ǰɣ
ߣһߣԶ
棬ŮӡһŮӴһɫĳȹѩ׵ļü续ӣǣһͷ㷢ڼϡ޵ޱȾޡ
һŮӣһɫĳȹٸ죬۾޳һ˫У˸Ĺâһ֮󣬲Цôﲻɴץɱɱôô˭ֹ㣿
ҡҡͷԲӣϷǲǸˣǸˣҲǸˡôԷԼ̣ԼӣԼĹأ
ȹŮЦ˵ĺҲΪûߵҪһ˻û㡭û󡣡
̫ˡһĵЦ˫壬Ψһġ㣬ϷϲŮ
ϲһܶĵġŮӣʧ꣬ƲƲ죬˿ἤŭˡ
ͨˣ
Ǹܹͨǿߣ
ͨЦЦȻ˵֪һ壬һˡôǲǾϢܾ㤣ֱҲû취ܣ
ˮ໥һۣȻ뷭˸ۡ
ͨ˱ǣȴǺŮ֮СЦûκͨĸоΪǵֵĺܳףǳ׽һԸеì֮ȫֿԣһ㶼һʵû취ϵġҲΪʲôīߺ֪ôࡣգȴֻѡĸԭ򡣰һΡѾȥ޾˰ֻء
ˮȫĬţѾץܾˡһʼ֪ʲôط֪֮ûǡٵͨǸĵһν
Ůдǻ۵ˣȻʧȥɣȴȫǳ򶨡
صĽ޷һȻȥıʲôôΪʲôҪ̿״˿أ
Ҳǿװ򶨡ʵǶⲻҵİͨ̾ϢţϾȻɢһɲϢ
ˮľûô˲䱻ɲϢȾȻ޼ͨˣһ̣ȴ鲻Խָоˡƺܹ¶ܼįҲܿ
ķӦҪһЩǿģ̫ˣ򷨲֡ĵ˼𣿾ȴСֶӰǣ
ͨǹɲϢ˲ͱջȥЩǸЦЦǸǹҪַʽӰǵġ˵Ҳ˺ǵġҵĴ־ⲻˡǼҵλͬҲⲻˡûϵʲôطһ磬һЩˣǱġ
ˮȫЦ
ͨҲ֣˵һΪӦһΨһĴڡΪҵٶȣʵ̫ˣ쵽֮ǰû˭ܹһɳô졣
ֱ̤ʥ죬ĪĸӦϡƺһҵĴڣҺܻ֣̿ܲҲܷŭ졭ΪʲôΪʲôҪΪʲôҪһҴأ첻Ҵ𰸡һҪβܵõһ㡣û˭᲻κδ۵ĸô
ٺ̤澳ܸоǸˣͬҲ̤澳ֱˡ֪ҵʹ𣿻һҡҲһģһʹġǿнһ˷ѳĸԸһΪȫ¡ʱͿʼѰҹµĴ𰸡Ϊˣһ뵽ͨû뵽Ǹ񣬾Ȼң
ͨĽţܵڽ˵Ĺ¡
ˮ꣬ȴú档Ϊͨ˵ĻУž޴ܣ
飬ộǣ뾡취Ҫնȥ񡣵ǺεǣҷͨȻûܹ⣡ֱ̫˸еˣͨǻ˸һ硣Ϊʲôûܽ⣿Ȼܹôôģ˭ƳģΪʲôУдķ񣿡
ŮȻţûв廰۾֮ɫȴԽԽǿ໥һۣаĪ֮ǰ˵ǷĪĻģ˵ʲôתʲôն񡭡ԭǸйصģ
ͨ̾ϢһĬĬ׷ֱܶ꣬ҵľһ̨ס֮ǰ˵ˣһţ̤̫ʱ˵Уһľ콾Ӧܹҵ⡣Ϊרնȥⷽ档ҾȥˡûãøƵɽˮһĻǸĻĺ֣̫ϼ˶ҪսǸʱҲ֪ԭͨеˮֵزǣҽתֻءΪָһ·СѾͷʱһˣֱѡһΪһˡĵûгȫǼȫһˣһẦǸзơܹҵˣȻ󣬽ƵõͬʱһϵһҹͨҸ֪ࡣҪȥΪȫӵп̤ԶսҳһôˡǱȻ棬˵Сּ棬˫˫𡣡
ɡˮֹһ䡣
㶮ʲôͨЩŭĵҸȫңһվλϣͬҲѡԾΪȫġԼǰһľ֣Ǹľͷһ顣֪Ϊʲô𣿡
ͨ˵ΪӵЩһ浱Уѣ


1582 ֻ˵ʥ
ͨ̾ϢţǴ벻ıߣȻҲѣ԰ɣ˭û˭ʱ򣬻ûмأ
ˮ˵ǲҪɱǣ
ᣬԲġͨ̾Ϣ֪˵ôܣһ룬ΪʲôҪ˵ô࣬ΪʲôҪôͨо鶼֪ܡ᲻˵˾ͽڵĲᡣΪ
ͨתŮΪǡˣ˵Ҳšô˵ɣǡоɡҺ˭Ầǡ
˵ĺб·ѽˮ˸ۡ
ͨʱ򣬺Ȼת˵𣿡
Ů໥һۣȫЩסˡ
ͨ˽ŵǺúһ룬Դ֮κΪѹ𣿡
ŮʶҡҡͷȷûС
ˮɽׯ˲࣬һЩ˺ˣŮŴʥΪǿͿе㾴ηǣ껹ˮ־֮ˡԼӲԣҲûҪӡ
ǲͽˣûΪѹǣû˷ӡǵΪȥĶ˵ôͨĿŮ˵ȻҪ뿪ˮɽׯҲǡ
⻰ģˮͨˣȻе㿴ͷˡ
㵽Ҫʲôʵ
Ҫ飬ǳ򵥰ǵķܹһɳȻնϷһ̫ϾʿȻԿأⲻЦ𣿡ͨһȻ˵
ЦȻΪʲôˮ
Цͨ˵Щ飬ǲ
ǵȻȻ˵ǿ뿪ھߣ̫ϾĴڣò˵㻰ɣˮͨ˵
Ȼ˵㻰ͨ˵Ҳ뿪
Ǻǡһ
ͨ˵뿪ˮɽׯ粽С־磬򶼲˵λжͨǲʲô˵뿪ȥأīǸ쵰Ҳûͨ
ô˵ˮһŭͨˡ
ǡǡģͨǳ鴤ţã̾ϢһǾͰɡͷһ˸ϵͳʽԼԴҪȥҲԣʲôʱﵽ澳۷塭ʲôʱڿ°ɡ
ͨ˵ţһֱʧֻͻǣˮеƯһһµĸţ˾ãδֹ
ʲô˼ˮ꣬һɻ
ҲһãȻı飬ȫͨΪʲôҪô
˵ô࣬ʲô˼ˮֹţûж⣬ΪʲôôԴǷǸԤԣ˶˰
ͷȷǺ˲ˣϸ룬ƺҲûǷʲôأ
񡭡еˮ˵ţ˵вУǲͷļơһһ
һ˰죬ˮҲû˵ȥΪ˫֮ľ࣬ʵ̫ˣ
ⲻһĲ࣬ڴ֮ǰ˭벻ͨ˾Ȼһ̫ϾĴڡ飬治ҪţΪûǸҪ
ʱ򣬺ȻһεĴʥŮԶԶģĺŮλС㣬үԸˣĹԴλС㣬ҡҶλС
꣺
ˮ
Ůȫͷߣһ໥š
ָоôôǡһִȰĸأ
оù֣
ߣߣȥͷڸʲôˮߡ
ȿЩԴ֮Ůȴȫˣɵ
ˮ꣺Ҫ澳Ľࣿ
ʥҩʥҩɶѵİڷķ׭ӡšһȫĹžڷ涼ɢĵϡһƿƿĵҩÿҩƿ棬÷׭ӡš
ʶ΢һ֪̽ЩҩĹЧͷ÷
Ůûʶģ˵ʵôݳ޵Դƽ
ͨˣҪ

īһˣʱѾԽɽ룬ԶƬ֮ء
˽ӽһµʱ䣬֪߳Զľ롣
ͨʵ̫ˡ
Ҳָ鶼С
һֻ澳۷۷䣬ɢǹϢ˸еս
˫ûжţҲûзͻֻ۷仹ָһ·һͨе·Ȼƽ͵Ĵ˺ü죬Ÿȥ
Ҫʲôû˹ȥչĶǵƣûΣķʱܻɥաȻЩϰˡ
ӵŷƣҲȫһãȻĿųīڳīҲصĻʲôΣطҲˮأҲ±ϳҪ˵־磬ҪôչأҪôѰǿҩҪҲһһϦܹɵ顣
ԣȫī֪ԼҪʲô
ī⼸˵ȣҪ֪һĸƿصġȻȥҼ˳
ӵúŷƶʱһĿųī˾綼̫ߣӼ̫ǿˣһӾͼ㵽īҪʲô
ӵǳ鴤˵òǣҪЩѾȳɡһնϢס𣿡
ǰ̫Σˡŷ˵
˵ҪõǵϢû⡣ǡҪຣʹˡ
īЦҡҡͷһô³ç٣ҪȷǷǰȫġ
˵ǶǸմӻҵعãûĻҵǱߵһ֣ܺܿͻᵽ
īõ˼˵ԣҲҪҵǡ
ӵĬţȻʵῴ𣿡
īһӵ֪£ҪԵģ
˵ѾŵӵŷƸֹˡµ񣬳īãչҪԵ飬˭Ҳӱܲ
ŷƳĬţͷȻҲʲô֪
øһô죬飬ܸӦһʲôġǳīһʼڰӵŷơÿûԨԴܣ
īȻ壬ʲôȴ֮ˡмΣյ£Ҫðվŷơ
īӵЦЦ֪ߴʥ𣿡
ߴʥӵüͷһ۳īȻֿһŷƣҡҡͷû
ŷ૵ֻ˵ʥȻָͷһһţģʮֿɰȴǴżּɬΪҲ˵Щʲô
ʥʥèʥѩԴʥţħʥʥѾǺܾúܾǰˡǣǸһ̤ͬԶսǿߣս֮ϣѾͻƵ澳Ϊ澳ͷˡ
ŷ˵


1583 
ŷÿ˵һ֣īľ͸һ£̧ͷŷƣûʥ
ʥŷһɻĿųīȻ󿴿ӵͬʱҡͷû
ӵ૵ĪǡҲһ
Ҳǡ
˵֮ǰӵŷʵѾʶˣīʶǡʶǣīȴһǸС
ȻѾ˵زˣǾ˵ɡī˵Ϊô⣬վҪԵġʵҺܺ档ӹ£ѵʹûеͨ𣿡
ӵ˵֪ģеͬ飬ǵ츳һģҲƵġɳĻϵˣȴͬġԣԽ߾磬˫֮ĲͻԽ󡣡
ۣīла˵ʵѵû⣿˵еͬһˣӵдˣͬľ磬ȻȫͨԶս뵽ͨС飬ûй𣿡
ӵҡҡͷҸƶͨʱպ̣ܶû顣
ŷҲһԵͷȽļһԼʲôӵġЩӵѹţͺʳˡ
ϾҲǱīôãͲƼˮָоƽī¶ǵϤǶӵϤ̶ȣӵԼЩ𾪡
ûī˵飬īôܻ˽⣿
ԣǻɣѾʵˡ
澳Ĵڣ˵ھۣ֮ǰҲεгһգ᲻һԼʱĳʲôģ᲻˫˫Ǻ϶ΪһʵЩ⣬κһ絽˴ʥʿֻҪ֪ŵģͶȥ롣
ԣۼһʶ˫ˣӵҲãŷҲãĿ־΢΢ģģȴǺ棡
ܹô죬˵Ѿǳˡ
īӵ̾һҸһ㣬ǽݵֵܣһֵܣƷ硣֪ʶʶ
ܡӵЦţ˵ҴСĺֵܣô᲻ʶô᲻Ϥ
Ʒ簡̫Ϥˣŷһ˵ǴСһ𳤴ĺѣˣߣң
īһ˵Ҫ֪һʲôģ֪ǷЦó
ʱŷƿųīȻƽ˵˵ɣӣǸʲôġʵܸоÿҵʱЩӵƺеΪԼûκġԣֻܳһϡ
īһ̾˵ʵأҵľȽϿҽҲࡣеļϻ壬ҵ⹫塣
ϻ壿ӵŷƵȫ¶˼֮ɫ
ӵ˵벻ϻ壬Ȼǹӵ⹫壬ǡ֪ӵĸף
īһ̹ȻĵҵĸףǼ𡣡
ŷƾȻųīӣ㣬¶ĿҿҪ濴
ʼգīøαװĿʾˣû¶ʵĿԵͷ¶Լò
ŷƸӵķһŷƵǹʾˣϳˡģʵ̫ˣ
ӵҲһԵͷǰ̫ˣ
˵˵Ǳߵɡīûм˵֪ġ
ӵһŷƣŷ˵Ǹ򣬱Ƚϼ򵥣ͷ֮ల£ûзʲôͻУ壬˻֮⣬Ӽҡŷҡҡ
ңƷôīһ仰еܲ죺Ʒߣ˴֮һڵĵӡ
ڣŷһȣ֪Ҳ֪ţƷ磬ҵˣʲô˰˵ţŷһӣУƷ󣺡
īЦͷһˣ⡭ȴһյ㡣˵֮䣬ƣϣȴͬ
šŷƺӵҲ˷ͷ
һԵã̲סѪȼյĸоڽҿһܡ
ŷƽ˵Ӽҡѩҡ纣Укĺ壬һӼңϷľĹ塭
ŷƵ˵һĸ֣ϣīڵ޼Ҳϸ΢ı仯˵ƷңڵУǲڵġƷ硭Ҳһǳ߳콾
ȵȡǣ
ī΢΢üͷϣȻҲдӷ׳߳Ķʿ١ҳӡ˵߳콾һЩ
Ʒ츳ܸߣ˵ģĲͨ˼ҵĺӡ
ī˽⣬Ҳر̣˵ĽֵƷ磬пеӵܡ
ϻ壬ǿˡû֮һ棬ɹʮԪĴ٣һͨ졣겻̫ܵ˴֮һ׻ƴ棬Ȼʶһг꿡ܡŷ˵ţЩСĿһ۳ī
Ͼ漰ǰ˵ĸĸ˫ס
īϣȴ¶һĨֵı飬ʵк𣿡
Уŷƺܿ϶ĵͷ
ӵһ˵ǸŮгҲһ콾ˣһ𣬽뵽ͨУ
īһ𾪵ı顣
ŷ˵㳤ġ˫
īһ͵ı顣
ô벻һУĸ׻Ǽ޸˸ףȻ󣬾ȻһŮ˵ǸгŮͬҲһ
ΪԼĸĸԼ֮⣬ûĺӣ
ֶֻ֮޷
еʱᣬҲδȫͬġ
ʱ˿̣ĻʳǵС
Ѿ֪Ӹϱʧ٣Ҵϵ֪ĳȴǲҰϢ߸ӡ
Ϊ𡭡ٴλˣ
īԼĸǳ֮ϣϷԣʲôʱٸһܵãһߣ
ܿͻˣҲѾмˡƾЩ˵ľ磬ȻڵһʱѾ֪һŮ
£ڼǰȴòװʲô鶼ûӡ
ԶӻЩԹԣģȴ˼
Ů֮󣬼ӾöԲӳīΪСûжԳīһĸ׵Ρ
СӣôˣҲ֪ǣҰˡ죬ģһεŮ
Ц˼ҲѾɼҵˣء
Ҳžѽ˵
ǣ־磬һαչؼ궼ʱȥ˵
ꡭö̫ˣҲܣóʱ򣬳СӱҪ˵
ããһҪĨһѺȻ˵磬ȸŮְɣ
ѽѽȻתעһϲ˵ǵŮȻ˹ɫ˵Ůͽɣ


1584 ໥ӡ֤
ͨ
һ޴ɽ֮£ī̸֮ڽеС
ŷ˵һţֱΪġû뵽Ȼ֮䡭ԨԴ
Ӧãҵáī˵
ŷЦ䣬˼ӦñŶԣ
īҡҡͷ飬ɲܰ㣬ʱ䷨Ӧͬġ
۵㣬ӵͬġ
ӵŷˣĿƵĿųīû˵ԣǶˣ˵˰ɣ
īŷƣЦʥĹϵô
ŷưһĿЩ͵˵һҸòʥɣöôû۹Ⱑ
ӵҲһ͵˵ĪǹǸʥ㣿콾
īЦ㣿ҲɣҲûô㡭ΪǸһҸˡ
ͣ
һʵûסЦȻ˵ûû£ǲùңҾЦûô˼¶棬໥ǶԷľ棬һԼָоĺù죬˵ﻰҺĽ֣ϣһҡ
īȫһۣô
ŷʱҲ̲סһЦĺãһĶʲôö벻ôῴأ
ӵųī˵˵Ǹʥ˼Ҫƶ̫ѽ
īȻ뵽ʲôӵʵԣ԰ɣ
ӵһ̹ȻǰҵԼҵճŹӣӼҵճʮСסȫӵӵ˵⣬ǳ鴤ſųīӣʲôһ˵ɣ̫˸еûˡ
յĺ֮ܶ࣬ͬҲܶࡣī૵ȻӵҵǸݴӵĸû𣬵м䡭ȴǳۡ
ī˽⵽Щ飬ӵ˵һ顣
ӵŷȫĿɿڴ˼ȫţ鷢
īŷƣʶǸŷƣȷʥһ𣬻ҵ棬ҵĽֳӵȻ˵߾ӣԶ㡣
ŷƣ
ӵ
ȫһ
ãŷƲһ˵öϹ
ӵҲһı飬ֹȻ˵ֻ
ŷǲҡܴҵ־
ӵŷƵ֣Ц˵֮䣬Ҫ˵Щġ
šŷӦ
ЩۣһԵæŸǿǵĶкöû˵ء
һ¶ûаϵƫƫƺȤ
īָ˵˲ˣ˵ͬһ̤ԶսǧźЩˣٱ˵ЩڡȻЩͷȫӵŷҲûЩˡ
Щˣ˼š
ҡƽЩˣӲƺЩڣҲţҲ˵ˡ
ЩˡǱ߶澳ľͷӦˣ˲ͬӵ˵ЩˣǱߣȻСҲô°ɡǴʥ۷ϱʿûһ澳ġӲơҼһΣӼҵһϣ˻
ţӲƳͦģʱӵʥñסܵļһܻȥ״ӲƳԸʥƣ۵ŷЦ˵
īˣһ˵һӲ֮ĶԹ˵Ӳ󱻺߸ʥ۷Ӳնˣͷ­ȥףīʱӵŷȫһ꣬̾Ϣѡ
һ˺ѵĸоܹ졣ϲһˣΪ˺ܺáȻͻȻܹ㣬һҲһˣָܻо̫ˡԽܡ
ȻһȺ澳ľͷ۵лͨǼȫǿ飬ȻǿҵĹо
ңָо˵С
ˣŷЩȣҲʮֺ棺˭
ӵ£Ҳĺܡ
ҵλӡ
λӵŷƵɴ۾
ҪҪ
ҪҪģ
ī˸ۣһλ꣬һλˮ׻ƴ򡭡ʱ򣬳īźȻ뵽һͬ׻ƴӦǴδѵ硣
Ҳ˵Ͳʲô硢ɽ硢˽Ĳ硣
Ȼӵŷȫҡͷû˵
̸˺ܶࡣ໥ӡ֤˴˼䶼оǳ档
Ƕһӵһŷƣж棬ȻҲܺ档
ӵӦڻڵľ磬Ӧʥ룬ͻƵʥӦûκġī˵ŷƣʥҲʧˣӦǻؼ˰ɡ
ӵ̾Ϣ࣬Ҳֻʥ۷ˡ
ŷƵ˵ġ
īͷҡҡͷ˵ģǵˣҲδؾֻܵʥ۷塣
˿Լī˵һֱоžܣǽҿˣıһСȻûţһ죬ǿģ
ҲһֱţһԼδؾһ𡣡ӵ˵£ͷһҪҲţͨ£ûй鷢
ŷ˵ͨеĹʷʵһֹϲ㡣Ȼǲ֪ܶ
īͷ˵ʵǧԪҲʱ䳤еһС˻΢ġֻӵ飬Żõѡ
˲Ļᣬһ˵ʱ䳤ӳֵĳܿ£Űץȥĸоңûʲô飬ܴ
ӵһ˵ܰץһѵġѾֲܿˣҸ˵ǵľ磬ԳԽ澳
ǵġīͬ۵ġʱ䳤̫ˡڵĲΣݲ̲صܡ
֪ԭҲΨһֵҲʧ䡣пܵĻгһգҼһҪ׿ڸ۹ʵ̫ˣҲԶˣŷЦ˵
ӵº͵˵ҵǾãָоȻ֣ȴ˼пܵĻԸһҽѡ
ʱúȻһһ䣺𣬵ȴںأ
īȫ΢΢һ
漴ӵЦ˵ںϵĻҲûϵԼչӵ˵ҸһԸ·ϵŮˡͬһںֺη
ŷȴһĵҲҪǸҡ۹̫ˣ
˶̲סЦ̸һҡĸоֹ졣
󣬳ī˵Ѿ֪ô࣬һҿЩܵʱˣڲû¿̫飬ȥ


1585 ű
ӺһȺֵʱĺܲġɣִܹܣǺӣ𣬾ڣӸִ̫ڶû취ǺֵĴˣһЩԭѹһЩꡣǶȴǺɳһʱ䡣Ȼûڵ̫ȴͻŵ壬ȫµĸ򡣶ָǡǡһߣҪĶ
ûЩѹӵԸǲͣ˼ЩġԣӴûԹ޹ӣһֱ𾴡
¸ѹǼȫһͲһʡֻҪڣԶɡ
ûֵܸһô˵ӾƴһҲҪסڲУôΪǣҡ
ʥҲǵĹʵһɵ˵ɵ壬ҪԽеĸߵͣԽ
ֵˣȫȻûūһ˴ܵʲôŰűǲǰδԴȻȫĲ
űһηϵʮˣȫһططΪ룬ǹءͬʱҲǹŮűķء
űˣô˵أ˵ǸˡȺҲûаѷŭͶСʹ޵ģ񣬲ⳡıˡ
ԣЩǿԹűȻûʲôɫȴҲûйȥΪʲô
Сÿ춼־ĽŸֲãΪĵŮ޷ͬʱҲҪ֮ӦΡ
Ŀǰûи񣬵һͨѷǱжͱҪȺˣдľսʿϸս
һսж˻Ż˭֪
ԴˣűѾ㹻׼ȻЩšȻڴ֮ǰҲܶСսҲμӹ١ȻᣬȴҲս̣˵һ൱Ѷȵս
ҲսΪĵճӵܣͱҪ
еεģȴͬĸĵܹܵŶĸɧš
ӱϿǹŶҪһƹܷʧܣŻиָšʵϣԭҲֻйűԼסͬĸĵܵܣһֲӦеĸ飬Ҫõӣֵֵز
׵飬κһϣǲܽܵġűǸŮӣôóڡŶŲɸ˵˼ԭûôţڷֽ㲻ҽ˵ȥ֮󣬾ͱЩ䱾
ƫƫŶҲһ൱ʿᣬѾ澳ľͷˡһУżߵűĺܶԹŶżĺøСùűǳΡ
Ⱥǿʿӿƽˣ˵ͻͻȻֳʲô
⻼ùűЩ٣Ĺ棬ҲһرҪǿˣѣ
֮գһֱ㲻ϺáƺЩ尾Щϵǿ飬ȻǰδԴҲȫʧȥĶ
תڽ硣
űӵһҪŷȺˣǰ山еһΪ׹ŵĴǡ
׹ŵĳ⣬Ѿ˴ΣȥǱߣΪһҪò׹ųǵĸ顣סҪ⿴Щ£СҲҪע⡣ǰǱ߾Ӫ꣬׹ųǴϵ¶ǧ˿ƵĹϵԣǳޡһλᡣͬʱҲǶһ顣ȺոͨķǳȥʶʶҲáһҪע⡣һǱãôܻܿķơ㡭Ҳؽһܵ
һĳϣһֱֹ֧űģԹűֵܸߣθűȡһ¡
£ںܶ˿һɽ󣬵룬ҪùֱӴսɣĳڹűǰ˵ǳֱӣҲ̹ϡ
űͷһмĵ֪ΪҺãܸмЩÿһЯָ㡣
壬˵ȨٻŮӡҿҲҪһЩıˡҪˡŮӣ崦һЩŮ˴һЩ⣬չҪһЩģԹҲкôġһҪס͡ҲҪֶ󡢷ʱ䡢ֳº͵˵ŶǱߡ
ű͵һЩĿŶĳϣ桭
ʲô˵ô꣬Ѿ͸顣ûʲô۾ŶǱߡ㣬ͺݺݵʰһ١Ϊĵܵܣݺ£Լ֪ʵܶĳڰпšұ˵Ҫҷ֣Ҵˡ
桭ʧˡűͷ˵
˼˵Щ飬û㻹̫ˣûǷȻ֪Ӧôȥ˵ҴˣָľӦ㣬Ӧôġʲô飬Լȥ֡
桭űоӨ
ӣ£Ͱ˵ģ㣬ͺݺݵʰ£ǿһΪʲôã˵͡ҲҪ˵ģ㲻ܶ˭ô͡Ļ϶̫˵꣬˹űһƣǲ׹ųǵĳȫȺϵʿס֮⣬岻ٸκΰȥ֮ȫҪԼǽܼ𣿡
棬׵ġģʧű˵ţʩһУǳмġ
˵ϣҲ¶ο֮ɫôӵƷУֵñ֤ġ츳ͳɫĹλϿԭ
޷ǾҪһЩĻᣬԼ
񣬶ĿǰĹű˵ȷһСսкܶ໰ûֱ˵űȴ뵽׹ų״̬ûо鲻ûӡȻĻҲִƷˡ
ԣڳߺĵһʱ䣬űͷԼ˽˹ϵֱӵ˲׹ųϢ
̫ˣ׹ųּĴǣ
ԣʲôϢڵһʱ䴫ݵűߡҪ֪ͱҪȥר˽⡣⣬ҲҪġ
űȱҲԣܿ͵֪˵һֵϢ
ﴫϢűʱͷ綷ĸоףƽԼĳϸոȴǧĸԭ
׹ųǵǱߵҪС
ʱͻȻһЩḡװĽ㣬˵Ҫȥˣ٣ˡǺѽ
Ŷһɻڵһ£˳Źű


1586 ҹ
ʱ򣬹ŶѾˣüңЦĿŹűװĽ㣬ҪҪܵܰһ£׹ųǱߡɲʲôõطɯоӪͨȥˡܿܣֻһ裬£Ҫһ
ŶⷬûǴ˵˳¡¡˶ü
ɯĸֵʱ򣬾Ѿɫ¶ֵ顣
ͨһɾʲô֮ءطǿ飬ʵ̫ˡ
澳飬˵ȱȽǣҲ㲻ʲôͷ
ͨʼղȣʱԴѷĻҵ飬֮ͨУЩϵĴ֮⣬ͬи
ɯһȺ൱ΣյɵһͨиòȻصĸֳ񹴵ɯҪֱ̫ˡ
ǲκԴԴİߡ
ɯĿںš
šǿ󡢰ԵѪıǩ
˵һǲ̫ܳôֵͨطġĺͽǸ׽ˡ˵壬˵һĹ塭֣ҪǵĻҲжѡ
Իкܴʧκһ壬ʧ÷Щ񡱣Ҳ᲻ã
ЩĻҵֵ飬ûа취飬ϾԼļ԰ҵˡ
ɯһ
ǴԿȻżҲ֮䷢һĦһЩԴ֮ࡣÿζĺзִ磬ȥŭ塣
Σɯͨеĵʵ̫˽ˣ
Ǿ֣Ǿͳǳֻ˵͡
ģճԿֻǸԼ
ʵɯͨУв١ĺúõģΪԭ
Сǲ𣬴Ըġ
׹ųǵǰγ˵ɯ֮һЭ飬ԣ޾ɯûֹ׹ųһΡ
ڲͬˡ׹ųǵĳΪ̰ԼԴᵳӪ˽һϵԭ򣬱鴦ôɯ֮ǷЭ飬ȻҲˡ
Ĳ׹ųǣɯУһֻ
ϲ׹ųǵǰγ˵Լβ׹ųǳ˻ģصԼЩɯһʲôģӦϣֱҪ̫ס
飬ʵеͷԵˣ뵽ҪŶרһ¡
ʵϣűյϢ⻹Ҫö࣡׹ųǵƣҲȹŶ˵ĸӺܶ౶
Щ飬ԭһȥһȥ͸ûھԼвȫ֪
ԣڹŶ˵֮ⷬ󣬹űûֱ˵һ֡ޱĿŹŶһԲһֱѹŶЩëˡ
˵űʲôŶЩʵ
ͬҲһߣյĸӦޱһӾ͸оűƺЩԾ
ﵽĿ𣿡űʵ
ʲô˼ʲôĿģŶһ˵һ̧˫֣ŹűȻһȥһֱ˵档ʾԼûκζ⡣
ʲô˼ʲôĿģԼ֪𣿡űޱĲƣ˳ȻһĿŹŶ
Ҳʲô˼㣬ΪãҪѣҪʲôŶһίı顣
űȴٷϻȥֱѹŶ£
ȴǴݸʮ˸ϵǴЩ¡ǵУҲ澳ʿʮʥ۷ʿ
ڽӵ֮ˡ澳ʿͬʮʥ۷ʿһһĶûУ
ű䣬ֱӳȵҺݺݽѵⴳļһһ٣
һΣͬʮ˸ϵڣȫĿŹű
ʱ򣬹Ŷ̲סЦ㣬װĽ㣬ʲôˣ㿴úÿ˭ᶯ֣
˵ţŶŹűűҲ֪˭ôģҼסҹŶǰűԶֻһŮ֮ôҪĶƾʲôϣεºܣʲôʸƹܣ
СҹűˣŶ£ҴֻҪһУеű˵ҵˣ͸Ҷ֣
ҿ˭ңŶŭһ
ʱһӰȹâ绹˲ڹŶǰ̧־һƣ
һʵ̫ˣ
쵽Ŷûκȥ㡣澳ΪһҲ㲻
ž
һĶ
ţӰӰһ㣬ֱӳԹŶ𹥻
Щϵ飬໥һֱۣӳˣ
ǵУȫž޴ĻӿŭһֱȼգδϨ
ŭû취йڹűϣ˿̣ԹŶҵ˷йĿӡ
գۼ䣬ŶѾûˣ
һ澳ʿ㱻һ˲ϵ
űҲͿںֹסˡ֪ںֹôӽȻſȺ˵ķƣҲ׵ʧȥǵģ
ⶼһȺվһ۷Ƕ÷ִ磡
ⲻڶģһʵ
ȺˣҲȷзִ磬ȷʵûдŶ˼ûҪϵŶһ֮󣬹ŶҲͲˡ
ٶҩûиһ꣬ҲӴ
Ⱥһֱ֮ˡȻһϱ棬վڹű
ֱһ̣űͻȻһüĸоһ˲䣬ᣬסˡ
Ȼ֮ǰ澳ʿʮʥ۷ʿ
Щˣȫһ±Ƶ״̬ƺͲ֪ʲô˵Щŵˡ
Ŷʲôˣǿǹĵճү
һȺū͡ˣ͸ϵֱӴ˶ϲˡ
ʲô
ʱ˿̣ǵУûаΥľΪһֱűȻҲֵͦǿƵģЩĿУһûĻëѾͷˡ
СѾͷʲôµģ
ԣǴ˿̿űУ˿˿𱸡
һ澳ʿ̲סڣС㡭Ҫôүô彻
ǰǰŶүǿ϶Ҫܵͷ
С㣬̫³çˣ
Ⱥƨǲв˸ɴŭйȥˡ
űĿţҲ˵
Ⱥ˽оƺЩԾˣȫһڨڨı͡
ҹű䣬Բ嶯ƽµ䡣һķϻû˵


1587 ɱ
û˵ôүô彻ʲô¶Ǹʵ
û˵ŶȺһϵҲûУܷҲһܷ
û˵Ҳ³çֻǱƵ±ˣһҾҪȥˣ
Ҳû˵ȺˣӶΥҵһȺһôûС
ʲôĻû˵ֻĸ֡ҹ
ĸ֣ȴǹűС˵ΪɴΪĸ֣
˵ĸ֮󣬹űܹԸоԼԺУ·һεĶƣͷһӾͱޱͨ͸ĸоҲǰδйģ
֮ǰ˳ҲţǲһֱҪΪڻˡϽɣ
˵⻰ģǹű档һ˫ۣ֮Ŀ֮űԭЩ£һ˸ӵġ
ûһ˸ҳԳԽ
һ˵˶ûУ
˵ߣŸǿͻ𣿻ǵűСǶˣ
ƾƾʲô˻ع棬ӵķ
ΪٲҪˣ
ǵУжôΪŶ£ⲢҪҪǣڹűﱻߣӽ󣬽û˻ǣ
˭ԸҪһȺ£㣬ǿ㲻ҵģҪʲô
Ƕ֮ǰȴδеƫĹűȻǿƵһ档һӣȺȫЩˡ
ǣǡҲûʲô󡣡
С㣬ǴˣпԭҪǱˣô᲻ӣǹŶүϾ׵ܵܰܲôô
һЩȻеŲΣҪǿб⼸䡣һЩѾе㿴ͷˣǸ
һУѾûκˡ
űһƽתź˵ѣӽҹűµĺｫ
˵ţֿ棺յѣӽҹűµսλһ󽫾һҽҵĵһ
űɫƽλԴң£Ҫ֮߶ȣȻĻȫƾλ
⣬ʮλѣһ죬ҹűͨ߳ƣǣҵʮվڸߴվڰɽ飬ҹűܹģҹűܱ֤ǣһ죬ұλϱű˵ɫЩ糺죬Ҳܶ顣
óⷬȫǷԷθﻰ
濴һۺӣҲһ档
Ȼ濴Źű˵СҵϱҵҲؽС֪
Ⱥվڸ۷ĴڣǷݽԸ
ϱұ֪
ҪҵūԴұܣ
ô򵥣
ȻƿҵˣҵĹ棬ǲģ
֮ǰĹű⻰ܻ᲻ʹ죬ڣȴЦˡͷ΢Ц˵һΪ
ͺӵʮˣȫ˵һΪ
Ҳ֪ˣ
Ϊ⣬Ѿ˷飬ܹΪԼȡõˣ
ƽȣ
Եġƽȵģ
ˡ
Ҫʲôأѵа취նô
гһգлն飬ػɣǶԹűҲҪм㲻ߣҲȫǷŹű飡
ϻ۵ĹűͬҲ
ԣűҲˡҲڷ֣һ˼·ǰ·ͻȫһ
ܶ࣡
Ǹ࣡
澳ʿʮʥ۷ʿʱ˿̣ɵˡ
ǵǰʮ˸񣬸ű޽Լ޽һȥͨ嶼ͬġ൱ƽȵԼ
ǻ֣̿ǲǲˬôűһٶȻ󲨣Ҳûаϵˡ
һڣô
ͨ
һʥ۷ʿֱӹڹűǰС㣬ҴˣĴˣСջسҪǣ
С㡭Ҳˣһµġ
С㣬Ҵˣ
С㡭Ҵˣ
ͨͨʮʥ۷ʿ˲һ룡
ʣ澳ʿĿһĻֱ˵һ䡣
˭ԼˣűĿʣЩʥ۷ĹӵܣҲȫ¡
ԸԸվǹˣ
ű˵
С㡭ǡһ澳ʿһΪѣΪ澳ʿĺѹ¡
ʵʥ۷ЩֺγԸ򣿵Ƕִˣűܻܵͷǵ³ȹűã
ùĵŮһȺ¸۸ĸ飿澳ʿܽõ㣬˱䵽һЩԻҵ򣬿Щˡ˵Ҫ
ԣԸҲãԸҲãʥЩʿȫˡ
űһӣǣ
С㡭ߣ澳ʿһɬУһĨĺ⡣ûȥΣȺͬʿ棬Ҳβס
ȷǺޡ澳ΪʿȻԼ˸ˡ˵ͬһܴ裡
ɱű˵
ˣ
ݺһӾ˹ȥ
ָ죡
ͷһƾѹȥ
ֱӹڿƣ
ͨУ澳ʿӲƣͬ춯أ
澳ʿһֵĴֱӼȻҪԶԶߡ
飡
ǼֱӱһӸҵϡã
Ȼ󣬺ӵĴֱ䵽˵ͷϡ
ʥĹҲˣ
ļӳ֣ʥȻδͻƵ澳һսȷѾ澳ľͷˡ
ԣһĹ
澳ʿֱӱ飬һбϵֻʣһԪӳȴһĸϡã
ӵһ棺ͷǻˡ
浭һЦãˡ

룬һƬţ
ʱ򣬼ϵĹŶһʹű㡭ˣ
ûʸǰָֻţű˵
Ȼ澳ʿϹŶһ𣬹룡
һΣ澳ʿȫûаԥϹŶ˲Զˡ
ʣʮʥ۷ʿȻʵʵĹһ̣ǳ׵׵ġ𺳵Ըӵĵزˣ
ԭŮ˺ȻôĿ£ĸɱ˰
澳ʿ˵ɱ͸ɱˣ
ȺϵūͣѵǶǲ֪ʱȨջطѵǾͲ֮ı
ʱ򣬺˵û򹻡
ĵͷҲӦµġ
һΣűЩĺһͺӵ΢΢ϥλѣﾲƬ̡Ҫ£ϱ塣ҷģһУһе
ӺٺЦòţС㣬Ը⣬ȺˣɱһѪ·ȥκεط


1588 ǳˣ
űϣ¶һĨж֮ɫ漴Цλңλʧģ£󣡡
˵ţűֱӱͣȻ΢΢ĿʼеһЩ˹ͨ
һ̣űϣɢһơֱӽʮȻﲻҶĴʥ۷ʿˡΪƣֻڹĴϼ
λȨصĳϣûйơ
С㡭һͬƼֶβɹҲڽʮϵ飬ȫ£Լߣ
İ
٣ûиʵĳ·֮ǰʮϵǿ飬ǾᱳСģ
Ѿ˷ĸʵĳ·أ
˵űһΣԼ壬ͬʱҲʮ˸ĸ
ͨ÷ЩķڷĴڲûУ΢΢ģ
һ֡³ç󵨣Щԣʵϣֱ˼£
ŶǸùһֱͦһˣȻôصĴ󡣳Ϊ˹űĶ󣬴ӽ壬Ҳ˵űδŶδȴǷϵˣ
űһЩ˹֮ͨȻɵһЦԺӺ˵󽫾ҽȻȥЪϢɡս̫ٲôϾˣԺ˲׹ųǣиأ
ӹһЦϲ
˸Ц¹սأ
ʮϵ飬ֱӻصԵĶ
ֱ˿̣űͻȻȻʮʥ۷ʿһȵĵѽôҾȻæˣԲŶ
Ⱥȫ︹̣æˣǹɣԲ˭Ҹ˵ûϵ
һʥ۷ʿҲȺʥʿеͳ죬æ˵С㣬ˡСģӽԺǶ֪Լôٷ󣬲С˵ԼͷԼ
С㣬Ƕ֪ˣ
ǵС㣬Ǵˡ
űϣ¶һĨº͵Ц⣺ǾͶɡ
ڹȥű¶ЦݣǲΪȻģҪǣǡͱи̬ȡ˿̣ű¶ЦݣȺʥʿȻһǿҵĸж֮顣
Ⱥվ֮ͳƤ߹ȭ˵С㣬ǰǿǰ
Ȩˡ
ؼǲò
⻹ûôأȺū;ͳɹڹűĿռ൱ҪĵλҪǵԺ¸ֹͣʱ򣬹ű棬ʣ¶λǣ
ЩˣеԴС󡭡ȫڹ壡ǰλű
˵ӡǳīȺʿһȺҰʿ̫紵ܲųɳôȺӵܣڵļġûоʲôۣûȱٹԴ
ʿȥͺӡīȥԴǾԻĺܲҡ
ȥֺˣͬҲ桢ӡīЩѼġΪǻᣬīЩˣҲôȥ
űһ˵ˣȻ󵭵˵ԺǻҵȻͷ˲׹ųǣһµǵְλʲôҺҲ֪һ£ϣûа׸ĺôҪõ٣Ҫ١ΪһĶǺãѹǣûҪֻҪǸһûɿǡҪǰһʲôҪҸõԴ£Ժ󲻻ٷˡҾô֪ǸˡԺ󲻻ˡ
ű˵꣬ޱˡ
ʣʮʥ۷ʿһɬ
һУȴҲ
飬Ǳ鶼Ҫס
ֻеԸСѾͷôһӡͳأ
ʱ˿̣ĸ߲棬Ҳ൱šܺģһȺڳܡ
֮ǰմӹű뿪λϣЦţŶһ뷢ŵߣ˵ôúܹ֣ҵǾãһ㶼֡
⻹֣Ҫôܹ֣׽ɱԼ׵ܵܣǹԴҲҪ꣡Уа鲻֡㵹Ǹ˵˵ʲôǹ֣뷢ŵһʹļ׵˵⻹꣡˭ĵӣҴɱ澳ʿ壬ÿһ澳ʿһʾ޴ĲƸǵıһ澳ʿҪꣿҪٵҪٵԴõã澳ʿãȻָʾһȺϵū͡ɱԼˣ𣿰𣿡
뷢ŵߣһŭţȻλһˡ
һֱûԣѾǳ˰ʱȺһֳɡ
һվڹűߵģΪűĶԣŶûҹŶһֱΪҶǿġܵѵûϵûѣһѵˣʲôˣǸ澳ԼȣںںҪǶԺĵճӵܣʲôϿԣȫܵ޴в÷ЩôˣͨκһзƵĹ壬κһֳַƵˣϣܳƿЩѱǿʿ𣿲ܹűʲôֶΣƽԼҲãֶҲáɹˣ͹ˣ
һվڹŶǱߵġΪŶ㷸Ĵм㵱׽ģȻܶԼ׵ܵ´˶ֱ֣û飬ĺˣԺӸλǻˣУȻһԲϣΪ˼һ񣬾ʹɱһ澳ʿּʿҲֱӾﻹûй壿ûλϣûдֹôǲԣΣջķơЩϵˣֻӣǸ棬󽫾ҽãǶԺĸԴ
ɣɣҪôտڲԣҪôϡ࣬͵
űҲãŶҲãǶǵŮǷ˴Ȼеȥ˵ˣô̲
վЩҲǲû취ǵƨɣܶǰѾˡ
λϵӣʱͻȻ۾˯һЩãȻĵǳˡˣ
ܵ˫ȫһվڹŶǱߵȺˣ̡λĵ壬ȴһ㶼ҷ
ҪΪλǸ޺֮Ǿʹ̫ˡ
ǶĬ˵˵ʵҲûʲô˵Ǹ뷢ŵߣ㿴֮ǰ˵̫ʺȥ׹ųֵطӲˣô


1589 ûɣģ
˵ţֵŶأҵĶӣǷᡣ
һ£뷢ŵǸϣֱһҪܵƣȻˡΪһ仰Ͷⳡ粨ĵˡ
˵˵ΪʲôǷᣬҲס׵ľˣҲǽʲô۾ûǸ㡣ˣԲ̫¡˰ᣬǴãҵġ
˵ţֿˣǸ澳ʿ˶ԴȥļҰţһἸʮϰٱջġ򡭡ǺǺǺǣǾ𣿡
˵Цˬʣȥرġ
뷢һɵгϣȴȫձĸоһɺ⣬˳ǵ֪Щŭˣ
У˼ҪǸѾ˵澳ʿ׵Ķڳ治˵Ҫи
ѾάŮˣڶеĸӹݡ֧һľ棡
ٸǵճһԣ
³
뷢ŵ߸Ŀǽһ졣
ݲĿڣΪ£Ѿ˹ĵޡҪǲôԺǲκһʿ۸һµճӵܣ
Ⱥϣվλһƨɳĸͬȫǹĵճӵܣȫļȵߣ
ԣڼ¶˵֮Ⱥһ˲䣬ͳһ˷
ˣȫͬŭǸѾ˵Ŀ
ҵȺͿˣȷհԶ
ҲǺͿȻΪ˱绤ˡ
Ӣ
ʥ
һӣ棬ͱڣˣȫһź
һȻȫ
ŶûˡĲ˵꣬ЦеվȻͷҲصˣ׹ųǱߣҲϣӰ
вˣ΢΢һֺ⣬ԶȸոǺЦʱ򣬸ǿ
ⳡ鿪֮ûãǱߵĹűѾյϢƽϣҲסһ˿ϲɫֳ
һС͸ŹűŮһϲ˵С㣬ϲеһУȷҪԼȡȻû˻ǡ
ѽűһŮȻ˵ȥ֪ͨ󽫾ҽϻһսҪ򡣻ϹأˣҲ𳹵׸ˣġ⣡
Ů΢΢һС㣬˵ɣǱ߸ոտ飬Ѿ飬˭ʱҲأ
űһЦɵѾͷ˹Ŷĸףλô
ŮʱһЩѿЩĹĵ˵ôң
ûʲôҵġҲףڣҲûʲôҲҵģű˵ţֱվŮȥȡҵսףгǹ
С㣬òҪŮЩ̿֡
µֵȥҹűԸ񣡡
һֳɳűһ֮ڣĳⳡ粨Ҳ׽صǷ񡭡ˣ
Ƭ֮ԶʣһȺˣϰ٣ѹѹĳ߷ɹ
ȫڣΪһɫˣһѳһļҪңŹ룬ŭȵҴ򣡺ݺݵĴˣȫҪŹʲô飬Һηһе
㣬еôҵűףֳһ˳ǹ˲С
űСˣܾܵȻ¶֣㻹ԣηŭ⣡
֣˼ôű˵չţ
㡭η㱻ֱιȥ˸ۣٳЩûõģ첻С˸˺ˣݣ
ǣͲҪң·ϡű˵ףҪٲܣҾɱ
һ仰ˡ
ԭںηȺڵʿϵơһ˲
룬ɱһЩϵūͣǶûκѹԹűĵŮ˵ǣǰվŵλ̡ͬҲе鰡
Ͼ˼չţǹճ
ηǼһˣηĺμңͨҲһ塣˵塭ǸͲһεġ
μҡûзġ
ԣűԥɴĽԹη֮Ⱥźηһʿȫеˡ
η챻ˣŭСˡң
ʱ򣬺ӸˣҲѾˡȫվڹűҲԣʮʥ۷ʿϵƣҲ㡭Ҳͦġ
ΪУ˼ɵĶ̫ˡ
ʮϵʿûκεĹ˼ɡ
ǶĻѹأͲҸһǰйűţ
ˣʹŹűһɱ塣Σ
ƾĻأ
˵ȺҰ飬Ͳʲôη֮ˡУɢ澳Ϣĺηֱһһ˵澳ʿˣʥʮеʮʥʿҲһ֮ڣˣ
ű˵һνã·һ·תȥҵûڶһǹͱ㣡սЦ㣬һҪǲ̸ܰԴ䡣
ηɷףҪѪĸоôû뵽ƽֻе㽾еСԸ˵ЩĹűôһӱġ
ڵĹûѹűô֪֮еġȴǸʲôӣǸɱˣӹŶһڶ
űͬһԵǿŮһһվǿҪϢĸо
ô£СĸˣΪʲôˣ
ڣηоԼﻢˣ
ű̫ǿˣ
ǿƵ̨Ҳһ·Լĵز
ǲǷˣ
ʱУһЩƽֹˣͻȥɡ

ںηȺʿȫһϵȥով˵¼վڹűߵģη˵û£ѵūͶѣʲô˵ģҲˡ֪Ǳηˡ
ηϣһһף󣬾Ȼ۵һ޳㡭۸ң۸ĸӣҡҪң
˵ţȻڿһţתߡ
ȺʿһȫţҲһźη׷˹ȥ
ˡȵǡ
Ҫȥѽ


һֹˣˣ
ģ˰ţħʥǳ鴤ţһˬͨϵսԼľ羡澳ءȻڶٵʱ򣬿ܷ˳ǿˡ
ôˡ
Щ飬ȫһʹ졣
ûɣģ


1590 īŭ
ʮʥ۷ʿʱ˿̣ǳ׷ȺϵķˡһȺʿһȺɱ˿񰡣
ѹͨмеĴȻϵЩ飬ΪǾһȺūͣһȺ˹㣬ȴûһõơûһӵиЩ񡱵ġ
űЦ˵İɣսеǻᡣϾлᣡ׼׼ھߣȥ׹ųǣԺǾǵĵ̣˵㣡
£Ů緢·ӣһԶǵļ䡣
ͬʱīһˣҲǴ˷֮ͨ󣬼ĵһǡ
ǺܴҲܹϣɢŲɣϢ
׹ųǣǹĵ̣ôôңӵüͷųǻҲȺ˵
ȷеҰ˵ּּĴǣҲӦӵġͨһʱŷҲеܳԾ
ʱֻһ޵ʿԼʮˣȻӲ׹ųɱ˳
Щʿȫſףڶֱķߣ޷ǵĳࡣЩϣȫɢŲѪϢϢǵأȺ˿ֲޣǳеͬһħ
ɯɱˣۣ
ǶѾӳˣô׷
һ޺˳˷񱼡
ʮ޵ʿһԲֱӳ֣֮±ʬ塣
һŨŨѪζֱ𣬲׹ų⣬Ѫɺӡ
īӵŷƺ˿Ŀɿڴ
ĳǣȻҲ˸ΪӵоԼӶЩˡ
վĺԶǱʮʿûзǵĴڣȻɱЩӳӳˡ
Щ˲ȫǿʿΪߣȥӦþǲ׹ųеƽա
̫ˣȺôܹŷһɷףȻӵ˵ǲܹ𣿡
һԵҾãûŪʲô֮ǰûǲҪµĺá
ִĻҵ˵˾ռߣûʲô˲áһȺûõķˡҪҲãڻҵؿһ춼治ȥ
·ƽε
ĵûγѾˣ
ŷܹ־磬ȻҲ㲻ʲôŮһεˡǣЩսȫģ
˲ҲˣǾʿּ
׹ųʲôȻǵɱ
īУҲһŭӿֳ棬ҲȻˡ־磬Ȼ޷޹Сĳ档
ЩȺУкܶɵĺӡûзˡŮЩ߾ģΡ
ڷ˵ѾͬһĴˡͨУȺ˵˵Щ桭Ƿˣ
һŮӣţɱҰɣɱҰɣҪ˺ҵĺӣʲôǸӰ
Ǹž޴ޣֳֳķ˵һѪߺ棬һЦȻֱеĳ߸߾𣬾ҪŮ˺ͺնȥ
һȥҪ촦Ľ
ŮƴСѾɵˣŮ˵Ļһҳ
˵ȴûκгݺն¡
·ѾѪĽȻͷ­µֳ档ϲġֳˡ
̼
ϵѪҺȫ÷
ָожˬˣ
ڵµһ˲䣬ɯԱ·𿴼һǰȻ͸оѪֱӷһֿĸоԴ
Ȼʲô֪ˡ
ǸŮ˻Сӣȴɴ۾ǸɱĻˣԴһӾͷˣ
Сŵôһ۾ȻŴŵ飬˳Žյ˫ʳſ˿ڡҪޡ
ӵŷƺûзֳīôʧģ
Ϊͬʿޱȵͬʱһ־޴ĴܸС
īһնǸ̵ķ˵ͷ­֮󣬸ɴһݣͬ·һ㣬ֳ߱Ѫɫգ֮䣬ͽʮ˵ն䳾
һһɴ䡣
ҿ쵽˲˼ĳ̶ȣ
ʮɯԱȻû澳ĴڣȴȫǴʥʿһɱӯҰһսޱǿ˵ΣĸӦѰܱȵġ
ȻЩе澳ʿҲδرǸ
ԳīĵȺǿʿȴûһܹ㿪
ȵӵõ˳ʱʮɯԱȫѾīһ˸ˡ
߱а޷ݡһȥһ𡢵
ûһ©֮㣡
׹ų⣬һƬţǧӳˣȫĿһĻڣȻһֺܲʵĸоǰһУλһ㡣
ʱ򣬲׹ų⣬ڴһСӵĿ
ۣ
磬˲ˡ
ȻȺգգۣȴ֣ѾʧȥǵӰ
һЩΪڵģǿӰһš
Ĵˣ
ǵþˣ
ɯɱﰡĿ
ҵĺӣ۰ɣĴɱȺǿˣ
׹ųУĽֵϣһˣ˿嵽˼¡
ǿ澳ʿīɱЩ˼һװ磬ڸ⼸澳ʿš嫵ĴУм֧ʮ˵ɵĶ飬Ĵӡ
īԾϸ߿գú
Щ˵飬Ŀ൱ȷٵٶȿ쵽¡
ңȫƿһЩطЩطȫмǿϢɢȴûһվֹ
һȺīһ䡣Ҳ֪ЩɯЩȵĴ塣
īĳ֣Ǳ澳ʿ֮Ķš
һźɫߵɯ澳ʿޱĿųīٹ£ڹԶ㣬ոձɱȺҵ£ҿԵû
īû˵̧־һ
һѪɫâ˲пգһ̣澳ʿǰ
澳ʿһŭϣһۻƣȻ̧־һ
ϣ
ϣֶϣӡϣ

澳ɯԱһŭ˲飬ȻޱȾĿųīƺȻһնԼ
īȴûκλᣬٴγˡ
ʱ澳ɯԱҲȫӦŭţųīֱӹɱ
óīޱ𾪵ǣ֮ǰǼɯԱŵ澳ʿȻҲ
⡭ī˶Щˡ
Ķȴһ㶼ֱӺˣ˲ԶվգȺɱˣīϵı飬ޱȱ䡣
ЩˣЩ֮ǰӣ
˭
ȻǸеһЩ˿ģ
˵ī治Ӧùһ顣Ϊ֮䣬δˡ
ҪߺǣܸһìܶûС
ڣīŭˡ


1591 ɯ
ų߰˸澳ʿǣһĨ䣬̵ֲЦݡ
ȻǾͶȥɣ
䣡
߰˼澳ķֱӳųī
ī־һ

飡
澳ķīһֱ÷顣
Уһ졣
īֱۣ౻Щ顣ȴԣۣ˲ɽɫ
ȻһƬ磬Ȼ˳۱ȥ
һŵֱӽ߰˸澳ʿȫڡȻɹ澳٣׵硭ȴǱ澳ٵף
澳ʿҽŴе䡣
ʣ澳ʿҲȫˡ
׵硭пֲɱһ˵澳ʿһ
Ȼ󣬱īһԴ
ϵɱࡣī˵
ʱӵŷƺüѾˡ
սüֱӦ֣ӵŷҲһġԸûκζķϻ
ֱӿɱ
֮ǰīһ԰ˣҽȺɱûɢ
ֶԷȺ澳ʿһӾͱˡ
ɯ澳ʿ΢ôһ㣬Ҳֻһѡ
ɷһĳīˣǺܿ˾Ե·硣
һɯ澳ʿŭ𣺡֪֪ڸ˭ΪУɯͨ޴
ɯʲôʱȸ廹ˣ̲סһ䣬ȻһĹȥٷϻȥɣ
䣡
Уٴα޴ĺ
ʱ׹ųǱߣѾ˷󡣵ֵսǿҲ
һĻȴóī˶òᣬ׹ųмǿķȴһȺʥ۷ɯԱڳɱӣǹģ
Щ£īҲȥܣֻܰһȺ޹İա
һĹɯ߾ѾȫסˣǼ׹ųǵ澳ʿǲ־磬սȻзҲȴûоֲֿս
ǿµһһŮƺһ㣬ҲսȺӣֲ̫ˣ
һս˫̧䣬ӵĪܣֻۣȻܹƿ׵ֱ̫֮˼ˡǴδʿ
ۿŲ⼸˵Ķ֣ɯļ澳ʿ׹ųǵ澳ʿȫ⡣
ȴ߾ߡī⼸澳ʿĥԼսĥĵҪϤȫսĻᣬ
īԽսԽ£󣬼һ˶澳ʿڴˣ澳ʿ
֮ǰīл澳ʿȫѾʧȥս湶Ӳдָܹͬء
飡
īȭݺݺһɯԱĶϡһȭ޾ֱ֮ӽ澳ʿ򴩡
ӿ֮ƻ澳ɯ塣澳֮ĺ£˲ð˼һɲǾͱɿֲսˣ

澳ɯһ˵ĺСԪֱӷ˳ųī˻𣺡ɯŹǣ
ī̧־һ
߱ʱ澳ɯԪնء
ţīϷֱӿʼԪ
Ǳ澳ʿûתӡ
īĿţû׷ϣΪҪ澳ʿԪҪʳһЩˡ
áӵŷˣʱҲֱӽǸԵĶֻˡǱ澳ʿȫԶ
־ʿҪ׽ɱʵûôסҼԼһ·
ܹսӵŷƿѾܲˡֻˣԷȴа˸˫ͬһ£ܰѶԷ̶ֳȣѾһ𺳵Ĵʤˡ
ȴЩֱӷ䵽·Ӳд澳ʿֱӻɱȻֱеķʹ﷨
սƷûҪ
һ˸澳ʿĸɯԱ׹ųǱߵ澳ʿ
īɯԱԪݱ䣬һԲǼƣȫҪ׽ɯ澳ʿԪ񳹵
ɯڸеޱߵĿ־壬ڹȥֻԴˣûԪһʧʶһģȻôֲһ̡
һʹ죡ҪңɯĳԱҲһӲˣԪųī
ʹ㣿ҲУ˵һеǰ˵ɯܡīԪ񣬲ûֹͣ˵
룡ɯԱԪɯ϶Ϊұģ
ī˵ҲУһὫʶɾԼҲ֪ܣ
ɯԱЩ̿ˣΪ֪˵ʵֻҪʶȫɾôԪ񣬾ͻޱȴһɾ塣ܣ˼ȫһ࣡
̣˵ȴ޷ܵģ
ֱ־ѵĻȥһҪȫ޷̵ĥȻΪɯĳԱĥˣɵԼϣȴȻܵޱߵĿ־塣
֪ʲô˵Ȼ󣬸һʹ죬ҡĬţҧ˵
֪ģԼ˵ɡī˵
ʱӵŷƺãҲѾ
ƲƲ죬˵鷳Ȼʶһ̽ʲô֪ˡһһ˵ٻô죿
ī˲õ˼˼ĵͷ˵ǰ
ɯֱӾͱˣǧټˣôҵʶʧܶҲһʧҿ϶˵ѣʲô˵ʲô
ԪܹᣬɯѾˡ
ŻҲˣīɯʵ˵˵ôӣܵش٣
ɯһԹĿųīڰⶼ֪һȺ·ģⲻǳԱ˳ŵѵǾͲɯı
ô룬ȴǲ˵⼸ˣһһŮ»õ㣬ֱǶħɯ£
׹ųǵĳйЭ飬ɯ鷳ˣΪ̰ᵳӪ˽Լ˽һ鴦Ȼɯ׹ųǵЭ飬ȻҲˡҪŻңϼƱġ
ӵһʵΪʲô׹ųôʿǵΪӶ
ɯ˵Ƕǰγ˰ΪʲôҪ飿ǰγˣ˵³Σʮ˸ϵǿߡǶĻ̵̻ģ¡ֲǵļҡ
³ʮ˸ϵǿߡԹ壡
ī˶ʱ໥һۣаûôɣ
ˣǸīһ̤ԶսȻʣµôô˵ǡҲ鵱У
īɫʵɯһ
ɯĳԱһ͵Ŀųī̲סޱȿɬʵȺˡɯ֪


1592 Ź
ЦǺôΪʲôҪ֪ǣ
ǡȷɯĳԱֻʣ޾Թ˵Լôᱻ˸ɱֱùˣ
ţɯĳԱޱ˵˹֯ڲĸͲǳ֯ΪЩϢǳ׹ģͨ壬ȫɯһ
󣬳īһʹ졣˴ż޾Թȥˡ
Ȼ󣬳īӵãǺǻˣ
ӵЦ˵Ѿǻô򵥰ɣǸɯ֯Ľܣһ㵨Сһģ¶ᱻ˵ɯ֯ɲеǿ󣬶ޱǿ
ȻĻôֵͨطݺôꣿѾ޾¡
˵Щ岻ԸɯһʶʵϣΪɯ㹻ǿ
ܴ֡ңҲܴҧ¼⣬ϸĵ
ȻĻǲ֪ǰƾѾˡ
ȴνЦЦʵ飬ҵÿ춼ڷšûʲô˵ģǻǻɡ
㵹ǿÿīЦЦô̶ӣ涼ŹʵӦÿԸǺһµġ
ڳ⼸˶׳ī˼ȷվǵȷʵ̫ӦðŹ塣κ飬Ӳ֡ǼΪ棬ɯԲ׹ųɱӵĻҲʧȥ˵塣Ļ׹ųЩŲʿʲô
ǽһӣҲѲ׹ųвٴˡӵЦŴȤ
ǣЩָôأǶ°ɡŷ˵
أʰһ£ǣī˵ţֱӻ˱仯һͨӣֱ׹ųǡ
ӵŷƺҲ׷Լò仯ڳī󣬺ڶྪδط׹ųǵİһ𣬻˽ȥ
ʱ
׹ųУųһ޴լԺ档
´Уһŭǵ˭ҲǲǹǱˣġǳ״еĲã
ɯǱߣڿѾˡһ˵
ޣʧһ澳ʿȴ˭ȥǷŭ˵
ҹѽһֱల£׹ųǣÿϽɵ˰Ҳ١ƽТҲ㲻ǱȴȻ˲⣬ȻסǲšǺˣ˵һŮӡ
˵Щһ嶼ûУϽ˭м㡣ǷŭҲ侲ޱȱ䣺˭һҪǸۣȻĻɯǱߣ˵Ǩŭͷ
ӻ˵ĸս൱ֲһӣ۾Ȼͷųһɣһ֮飡Ů
󣬷в˷
ܰɣܹ֮飿
ǰҲû˵
˵һǿƥķ
ţҲôΪġ
УԼʮˣЩ˵Уǿļȫ澳ΪʿҲȫǴʥ۷ʿ
ǲ׹ų³ҡ³Ҳʲô壬ֻ׹ųеĶͨУȴӵżߵĵλȨơ
ǰγ֮䣬൱ϵ³ڲ׹ųУǺߵġǰγ崦ǵĵλҲʼЩ
ǶѾ˵ĴǹĵճӵܡһܸоεľġӦҪúһϵĴˡ
ǣеĶһب꣬ٹ̵ġ³ʰֱʲ
³ڲû½³飬ڵһʱͱˡͲܳɹΪǸǰγ֮ľʵ̫ˣ
ֻҪĳɵӣһǲκεĽ顣
ͬģв׹ųļ壬ǣǾĳһɫ
ҪϵĴǣ׵ıһ̯ӡҪųǣǧٿס³ˣ϶όͷöҪʰ̯ӣҪʮʱ䡣ҪųǣǾͱҪЩ
ʱǲᰲȫ˸³̸еʸ
ɯǱ˵Ҳ˾޴档һųǣһƽնߡٵĻܹ߶Դǿ϶һԹ֡
͵˫Ӯľ档󱻿ӵģֻʣ׹ųеЩոСԼĳ
Щ˵ʲôϵأ
ӳԶҲƾһΣɯ֮ٴγΪܵĺ顣ڽγǻҪǣǾͿٶȹɯӦ֮£³һɫ
һУƻĺ޷ġ׹ųǣɯЩˣȫ֡ʣµЩֻ׸ˡ
ȻҲûɵĿŵĸɯ֮ǰīʱ򣬿ĸɯŵ澳ʿͳԲ׹ųǼ塣
Ŷѣӣ˿ǲûŬҲ˳ֿˡǵֻסԷĸǿġʣµģҲסֻܱ֤ԼҲʧ
ǵģһ߲˭֪³ڵѣͬҲлӦԡ
û뵽ǣôõĲãȻĸ֪ð˸ϡáɯǱɳļֻʥ۷ʿɵĶ飬ϰˣһûܻŻȥ
ĸ澳ʿӲ˴һӻȥҲȫˡ
ġֱǼˣ
ī˻ȺУһ˲׹ųǡǱȽǵһͿв֪ðʼſڸ迨ء
Ⱥ׹ųǵİնҪˣ˶һŭ
Դˣ迨Сͷɭɭ˵ǵɯļϸҪϸѲ֮󣬲ܷǽǣ
ƨǶǲ׹ųǵˣʲôϸ
ֱһɺԣ֮ǰɯϮʱôǵӰӶ
ʲôǳǷʲôʸǣ
̫ˣ³ôѽ
īúӵŷվھſڲԶĳ棬Ⱥ迨ʿ໥һۣ³ȺӦҪǼҳ
ĸ⵱Уȷǻ˺ܶ˵Ĵ¡ڶԷ챻ˣȻֱڳſ迨ʼ
ųⱻסȺˣīޱתŲ׹ųȥ
úӵŷˣҲһųȥʱѾҪǳˡ
Щ迨̲飬ֻߣʲôӡӦҲûڳſڷɱˡĻ³ˣǿ϶Źǵġ
ʵϣҲŹ
űŴӲ׹ųǱߴݹϢһϣǺ˪ҧ˵һȺһŹǣ


1593 ɯ
űȻȥ׹ųǴǰվϹܼ֪µʼĩ˱òѪȻ뵽Լ˷ǰȥ׹ųǽҪԵʲôҲѾ˸Ⱥ˳ڶ׼ǵ͹Ⱥ˵޳̶ܳȡȻɯңҪ׹ųǸˡ
ҪмͻȻðĸˣ׹ųǿľҪˡȹű˲׹ųǣԵĽһ޴̯ӡǹĵճдԴϵҪؽ̯ӣʰãûи꣬붼Ҫ롣
űжԲ׹ųǼѾʹ޵һزͬʱĸ˲׹ųǵˣҲĸмҵĸˣлͬʱ棬ҲԵĻĸ˺
ȻõĽȻܹĸΪ¡ֻֿ̫СһĳϳܻлᡣƾűܳɹڵС
ˣǰűԸȥȻѺӸеߣǽǱ߷顣
ӸԲ׹ųЩ޹յôȤϤҲǸűӡĸ˷ǳȤ
䵱˵һ͵ʿһۿԻɫֲ˫ʱӸͣͣ
ҿľ鶼ޱȷḻû¶κε
ҲãҲãȫ˾κˣ
ƽۣ
֮
ϣǸԶսն񣬸һӵɱļһ֮⣬벻еڶִڣ
Ȼ˳ī֮⣬ˡǲҪֻҪīڲ׹ųǣǾ͹ˣ
Уɻ󣬱˵ī̤ʯţ뵽ҵصȥôӻҵػģٱ˵īһλΪʲôڲ׹ųֵطôôɣĪ֮ǰ֪˹űҪźȥ׹ųβɣ
ӵ棬ȴѹûЩ뷨һ㶼ûУںīôӻҵػģҲںīô֪׹ųǲҸϵǱߵġֻһ£īڲ׹ųǣ϶Ϊ˾߸ֵܣ
Ǻֵܣ
ӵ棬һ
ſűСѾͷø˳ųīȻôһа취ػɡȻ˳ְСѾͷһΣҲ޷ʵСѾͷҲͦ׵ģؼ˻ԡ
С㣬㲻õô顣޷Ǿһɷ˵Ⱥ˾㲻ǷҲҲѹԣ飬ֻҪǳڲ׹ųǣӦþͿʧˡ⣬׹ųڲЩˣǲõģǵȫһҲЩˡʱ򣬸ɴֶΣֱѹ˾ǣŰۡ˵
ǣЩҲףǽȫѹɾǡҪתű΢΢ü˵
ѹǣͬڵϵĶʹḶ́϶ǻеġѹǣǣ˵ڱ֤һǵתǺǣСȫصġʮ˵Уһ֮ģһϡȻǶѾ̫겻ȥľӪҪһѸתǲѵġ
ű棬¶ж֮ɫллллǣûа취ıǱƿصˣֿܣԸ⣬ɣ
⻰ʵѾǴ治ˣűЩԭĹɫȫЩȻ
ԺӺ˵űⷬȴͬеůӸīʮа˾ǻˣ
ʱ򡭡
Ӻ໥һۡ˶Է⡣
㵽ʱն񣬻ɣҲҪúðһѾͷ
һˣٳŲ׹ųǵķȥűǱߵƣ;ǵʱ򣬶û˿ͣлЩǳ˵룬һ·ۡ
űףڲ׹ųܹɹ㣬վȽŸĻôδеĵλüΪ硣ڲ׹ųʧˡôʱӭģ϶޾ĳͷԷ
ԣǰЩ飬ûзϡ
ΨԼӦ飬Ӯأ
󣬹ű֧飬ֳһǹűͺӡһȺ澳ʿڵһݶӡڶݶӵǷЩʥʿǵٶȣ澳ʿȣЩࡣûб̫ԶǹűԭߵЩʥ
Ǳ˺Զľ룬һС£ȺʥʿʶȺһֱûзķū͡з棬ʵǿѹЩ˵Ĵڡ
űЩˣ𣬸ϵ׹ųǵʱ򣬷׹ųǣЩ־ʿĸӦǳǿһǣһ۾ܿ
׹ųǾһǨ֮Ȼûг׵ΪһǡȴĻ̡̻ϵ£ǳ֪ȴǵˣʲô
ʱ޾ңԶʾͷյСдޱȱĿ⣬עŲ׹ųߡ
ǺܰûзκζûһϢɢ
һǧ
Ϊ׵һˣһƤۣòŮӡһȹӣһǳɫ˿ϸ֫յ쾡¡Ķ棬˶ĶҶüۣ㷢硣˭ˣ̲ס氵һһɫˣ
ǧˣȴûһҶŮһۡ͵͵Ŀһۡң
֣ɯ
ûֻ֪֪꣬ɯǴġ
ľ羿жҲû֪Ϊû˼ܹ
ɯǳá
ʵһ׹ųǣû̫˵׹ųǵԴҲһʾ˵֡ҲԿۺˡȻر⡣
ΪɯУȱԴ
ԣԲ׹ųЩҲֻԵɳ澳ʿаʥ۷ʿ
˼һ¾ˣЩȻҲ񣬵ǿɲеǹΪȥͱˡȺ˳֮ǰɯĽ
û뵽ǣȺˣԵĺܳף
ϰٸʥ۷ʿȻһû
ĸ澳ʿ˴һ
ЩʵɯŭĵطɯŭɶģȥȺˣΥɯγɵһǱ򡪡ɱߡ׶涯֣
ǵģһǱɯĹ棬ûд
Ͼǿ
ֲеĺúдʲô
ɯĳԱѭǱ
ײУǱ䣬Ѫǻ쵰޶ǣǼδǱ
澳һٶʥ۷ɯԱȻڲ׹ųȻɱЩ޹գڸɯһ
ܣɯûйʲô
Ͼ֮ǰͨյУǲûôа¡
ɯܷŭ


1594 Ӳ
ûӻ澳ԱΪʲôôֱˡ
飬ҪôȻǲ׹ųеЩ壬㹻ĺô
ȻǸҺԥȥֺôҲҶĺ
ɯɯ֯ľ䣬Ļּ⣬־ɯ־
ڴ澳ͷ֮ɯŲ׹ųеЩһˡһȺ²ĶȻɯƵеĵ
Ȼǲȣôͱɯں
ɯȴû뵽űô졣ȻԤϵУҪʮ죡
ԶԶģһȺˣ䵽׹ųǣɯżȻϣ¶һĨЦݣëѾͷһãɫҾҪᣬЩҵļ壬ҲСѾͷжǡȴǲ׹ųǵˡҿ㡭Ҫѡ񣿡
ɯ뵽Ϊ飬¶ĵЦݡȻһߣ
һθɯɯԱɯĺĳԱ澳ʿʮˡʣǧŰٶˣȫڴʥѾ뵽ʥ۷ΡˣЩȫս־Ȼû澳սȴܷǷǿߡǼѪȳģ
ȺˣʵͨУġҰʿ
ɯȱǮҲȱԴ˲ŵǲġЩ˶ɯҳ϶ȼߣûбĿܡ
ɯˣɯûаܹô
һ¡ɯһռۣһ߳˵ĸĵҽֵĻ쵰һǵټҪɱǣҪץģҵˣ㷸˴Ҳֻɯʲôʸɱͷһúõдǣף³
ܶ˶鲻ԽĶһ£ĬĬΪĸĬɯͷûκκ³˵Ц
ǧˣȻӦ
һ̣ɯŻˣȫƳױ
ƬգʱһɿֲĲ
ⲨʱңԶĲ׹ųǷ
űЩˣһӾ͸Ӧˡ
׹ųߣûһ˳ӭӹűȺˣǸǰվϹܼҵӭӣȴűˡϹܼһ壬ű¶
׹ųǵĳҲǿһˣһ˶ûУ
ƹűҲǿһȺˡùճγʱǾȻûһ˳ӭӵġ
ѾһЩ׼ֳ棬ű棬ȻоܣӶġ
С㣬Ҫô࣬еļѣбľ飬ۣʲô
ʱɯǱȫצ˹
űոձȰοůһģһӾͱñ䡣һ˲䣬׵ķŭˣķŭ
̫
ԺУֻʣĸ֣
ΣڲһӭӵĶûУǿ֡
űһ˲䣬Ҫĳ嶯վԼš˼Ǳߡ
ʵϣʱ˿̣׹ųǣֻǱϿƽʵȴǰӿ֪˫۾ڶ
ʱɯȺˣѾǵٶ൱죬νӰȥ١
ɯ´ųϷĹűȻֿӺЩһۣ漴ƲƲ죺С㲻һɱ˵ı鿴ңҲǳģҽ죬Ҫǲ׹ųеļ壡
Ҫǣȴҵʬ̤ȥɡµͷű׵ƽˡûаŻȺˡΪû塣ԷȻ֪ݵģȴȻ޼ɵǾ˵˼Ҳô¹塣
ϣС⻰˵ģ⽿εεģҼĶɱѽɵѾͷ֪֪ΪɨϰġɯȻϣ¶һĨߵЦݣҲмֻҪϹ۱ɡ
ֱһ̣׹ųЩʼհйļŻ֪̿ɯԼ٣ȻҪ壡
ԭǶһֵ̬뿴ɯôΪѹűġ˭룬ɯĿģȻǣ
ڣֻҪűһͷôЩ壬ǳ׷ˣ
׹ųǣ⼸ȺɯǰҲŲһʱ
⻹ˣ
ɲǼ䣬мʮӰӲ׹ųǸɳ˴ɯС㣬һᰡ
ǰɯС㣬Ƕһֱ𾴵ĺܣǣ
ɯС㡭
ɯ
űҧ´Ҫ촽ҧƣ
ɫ԰׵ԸӡԵĺӺˣҲһŭ
ǵȻԼʲôĳԱۿȺ޳ֵܵزȥһǿͷӱϥȴԹűӶַŭ˲ÿһ˵ġ
ɯǺһЦ¶ε֮飬ŹűСѾͷ㿴ҪһȺ޳֮ͽ𣿡
ȺӲ׹ųзɳˣһɫѿЩ࣬ȴһԲ
û壬ҵ顣ű˵ҵ֮ǰ£ҿֳܻƿ죬氵л㣬ҽô鷳
׹ų⼸ĸ߲㣬˿ɫѿˡȻ֪ű϶ǡ˵ǲء
ףСѾͷе˼ɯŹűһĨʡû뵽һСҵȺ˵ⷬҪһġһ˶˵ڡ
ǣѾˡǼȻǲ׹ųǵˣôжҲ顣ͲҪɯСˡűһƽĿɯ˵ⷬ
룬м㻹ûŪɯ꣬ݸһЦ˵Ǿǡҵȭͷ󣬽ҵʵǿԣֲ壬ɯȥǣŲţѾͷУҲΪ㡭㾡ɱ㡣Ϊֵ
űɯҲ˵ôϻ׹ųǣֻҪҹűһڣûɯķݶ
ǿӲ
ǿӲ
òǿӲ
ΪһôûԺ󣬹ͻٻȥùճһȺǿȻֱֱǷ
űҲǷ
ԣ˿ѾȥһУҲܰͷ­¡
Ǿʹɣûʲô˵ˡɯЦЦĿһ۹űȻһֻ֣߸ߵľֻҪֱֻ£ôǧɯ񣬾ͻֱɱ
һ̣Ӹ棬ֱͷųһǿơ
ʮϵʿҲȫʾͷųϵ
Źűʮʥ۷廤ҲֻҧȥˡΪǸ˺벽ȴǵģĴ
׹ųǣʱӿսӲ˼¡
һ˲Ѫɺӵսһ


1595 һһǿӲ
ʱɯȻһЦѾͷͦӲģ񰡡Ҫǻô
ˣһ
ɯȺɯԱҲûô
٣ѹֱ̬һ·ѹȥһ㣬Ȼһ뿪
սע˲ѹűȺǿʿɲǰ衣Щ飬ȫһİ;ͷɲͨгɳЩС
ű
ɯ˵ǰЩ죬ĸˣɱһɯ澳Ա澳ɱһٶʥ۷ɯԱֻҪĸ˽£˽ᡣ㱣֤Ժڲ׹ųһ죬׹ųǷֺңҪǵİԴ
ǰнűһ졣
ȻΪɯһЦ
ֱǳ裡ű˵ȻɯҪսսĸˣҲ֪˭Ҳ֪Ķ֪Ҳύ㣡Ϊǰҵס˲׹ųǵһ١Ҹлǻôǽˣ
ô룿ɯĿΣĪΪɯս
սսôϻһ˵
ɯһ˫ȻĿ⣬ֱնӣ룡
ӵĻ۽˲俪ͬ⣬ֱӽɯĿ⻯ɵ飬Ϊ޵еģŮˣ
ɯЦ߸߾֣˲һ䡣
УһĨʺĹ⣬Ȼɯֱֱۣն
ţɯƺһĶûüҲ˵ûҪκζȫûпǵѪɫĹ⡣ʵϣˣҲû
죡
̫ˣ
쵽Ըӵĳ̶ȡ
ֿ죬ֱӰ쵽ʱķ
ɯֱۡ˲䣡
ȻһӰֱӳɯǰһѪɫĵɯǰһͳ𣺡ס֡
Ӹ桢ʥǧźˣкܶϵˣǵӰһ˲䣬ȫ״סˡ
ī
ڣ
ҡȻˣ
Ȼˣ
ȻŹűһнɯס
ʲô
֮ǰѾ³īʮа˾ĺӸ棬ʱ˿̣ӶЩˡ
Ϊǿīûгֵɡ
ֻҪűһܲ³˭ʱദǸлǵжԣīԸһҪȺѴߵġ
ĸӹϵӶ̲סЩͷ
űҲסˣͻȻʿһĶűһ֮ɫ
ɯô׿ƵôһȻǶǼ
һǿͷӣֺͱ䣬ѪҺеģɯ֪˶ٳսһսĸֶ档
꣬Ȼˡ
ҡɹˣ
ĳɹˣ
⡭Ҳ̫˼ˣ
ʱ·һֹ̣ͣתˣȫ
ȺɯĳԱҲȫľһҶ
ĿоĴͷȻЮˣ
ô
ôģ
˵ʵϣȴֻǵʯһɲǣһɲǵǧٷ֮һûУ
ˣͶֻоǰһĨѪɫâȻ󣬾ǳīɯסĳ档
ɯԼȫû뵽ûлҡ
˲ȶסԼһһֱ˳źһ¶棬۹࣬׹䳾ֱһۡ
䣡
ֱۣ䵽׹ų⣬ֱӷһȻ죬ҳһ޴ޱȵӡ
һ죬úܶŻعһȻĿһĻ
Ȼɯһ˫ĿڳīϣвңɱҰɣǣɱǣ
Ҳңīе߱죬ɯĲһѹһĨʺѪҺ˲ʳɲѰˣ̺߱ɱǳ׽ɯסˣ
ɯ̲סһƺߣƽϣ¶һĨŭ֮ɫ
ס֣
˺죡
л˵Ҫ˺
ɯɯԱʱһ궯û˶֣ȫһŵĿųī
ηɯڱɯһţжЫŮǸɯɯܵκ˺
ɯ԰ףŭųīСӣҼסˣ
ɯסҲһ¡ī˵
ʲôˡɯƽĿųīвңңסˣҲŹ㡣ҴС󣬻û۸ҡ
ɯֻҪ˿ƵУȺֿ϶ᶯֵġȻеŭЩ˲ģȴһο˵ȺİɯԼˡ
ԣ侲֮ҲҪȺǿг֡Ҳﶪȥʲô飬ͽʲôˡ
ˣĻصȥԺǲǻҪһϵҲûСǣܹ£еɱЩƽʲôī˵
ɯЦһ˸ۣɱ˭ƨ£
ʱɯһ߿ųīһĽ͵ɯɱͨƽ飬֮ǰǴΣ׹ųǼĺô˽Ϊ˱ɱǸ澳Ա֮⣬ӻȥѾԿȺǿ벻ҪǡҲԼĹأ
ʲôɯһһĲˡɯôʲô˸ûʸָֻš
űʱĿͶ׹ųǼɳЩ߲㣬Щ˵ϣȫһ֮ɫ
ɯͲںǵĸܣ͵ǵ棬Ǽ¸ҿ
ɯ˵죬ǲܱڹ
ɯһĬˡ
īͷôûϵոǷһ顣Ͼ˼ա
żɯŭųīһ˫ۼ𡣱ڳīƿţȴһ㶼ƵģȻޱǿӲ
𲻴Ӧīûɯķ
ҡɯĿųīĿ⣬ԽһʥֱӶɱԳī˵ȴûκáɯؿھҵ˼£˵Ӧ
īջ߱죬ûаˮٶɯȺһͬʱɶԳī߿һۡ
˭ܿɯǿġɯˣһɯֵΣϾǿǿǿ˽ôˣǿġ
īǸɴİѵ˻ȥš˶ݡ
ɯĳԱûκƲĶɯҲûгֻĿųī۾Ѫţ߱ϵɱ̫ǿ˿ƣϡ
Ҽסˣɯųī˵Ȼ󣬽ĿתһԵĹűСҪǲЩ¡û꣡
űͬһǿӲĵǾԡ
Ҳû˵Ҳ׹ųԼ飬޹ءǸɴӲȥ
һһǿӲ


1596 Ȱ
ɯһ۹űȻһ۳īȻû˵תߡ
ǧɯԱϢ˲ȥʧڲ׹ųϿգߵĺǸɴ࣬ûһԥ
ī۾΢΢ţоɯһǿһȺѵصľЩںܱ֮ȵġ
űųī΢΢ϥʩ񣺡лѵڶȣͷлڣȴһЩ顣
ʱЩ׹ųڼĸ߲㣬չ׽
ɯˣɯôһֱ۶һʱַŻưոݣ϶ѾǡϾ¾Ƕġԣʱٲȡùűγ½⣬ôԺڲ׹ųǣжĸ¶粽ˡ
û뵽ǣűûκ׽ĻᡣֱȺ˵Ҫ˲׹ųǵ£зɱ⣡
С㡭
ᰡ
Ҫ
Ⱥ׹ųеʿڻˣһҵĿŹű
ߺӺȺ˿ɲЩƻǾ˹ȥ
Ⱥϵ飬Ѿѹ̫ʱ䡣ǵдڹȥϲܣҲܶ궼ˡȫԣűһ֮ԺӺΪףֱӾɱȥ

Ⱥ׹ųǸĸ߲㻹ûüϵʱ򣬿ֲĹѾɱˡ
ʿӲ׹ųзЩˣȫǸľǲԼҵĸ߲ɱ
ڹűƶ£һѪս˲չ
ϵȺ飬ʵ̫ǿˣ
Щʥʿһս˸е𺳡
һӾͽһʥʿԴҵ÷飬ʲôԪ񡢻һУһȥҷ
սޱȳȺ澳ľͷУҲǶһеġ
ûиͶĻᡣһյĹ⼸ʮ׹ųǸ߲㣬ϳ徫񣬾Ȼȫˣ
ʮ˸ϵ飬ÿһһѪȣɱ죡
ǵУвҲˣƻᡣȴûһüͷ
űǼ壬ҿȫ£ܷӡġ͵ظɱ
ݣ
īһ۹űȻֿźȺ顣ЩˣŮӣӦûǲġ
֮ǰűʮʥʿһΣڳǰ档ٲһµĻôò˶ãǾͻ᳹ױʮ˸ϵȡ
׹ųǣʱһ󼦷ɹ
Щڲ׹ųоӪĴ壬ô׾͵ͷģÿһʵ൱ǿǶűһֲ˭û뵽γһ֮ǰϢʾûκⷽСȻǿӲ˹˵ĵʶ
űͻȻڳīȷܶ˶ΪûվȽŸ֮ǰʲô滹ɯʱֵܳı
κ˿ӦȰȶȻٽЩ尲סǵԿɯû뵽űȻ˴ںЩ׹ųǴ塣
ȰڡűųīһЦϣñ³ç
īЦҡҡͷǹСԼ飬ҵǾãͦáѾһ̯ˣôȥΣҲõġ糹״ؽ
ű۾һ¶ĵЦݣˣ֪մأѾŰΡгм
ʱ溰ɱ죬ŭЩĽϵĵϷȻ졣һЩ˵Ŀ޺ʹ
űȴޱ飬ֻҪ͹ˣҲţߵȺˣܽ⼸ӲͷѾôˣýᣬǺú÷йһ
īŹűЦЦ˵룬Сһ̫Ըҵ֡
ŶűЩĿһ۳īѵͨлʲôɣҿˡ
űһһǹӣҲǵѣ̬ŵĺܵ͡һܹɯǿŮһסʿԵƺˡңһ뷨ܵĻȡԼ
ֻҪڣԿɯİգֻӼ֡Ǽ֡Ǻܶ࣡
ֻڹСжǡīЦҽгī
ţף㡭˵˭űһĿųīһˣ񡭡ʮˣٵˣһ˸ɱˣɱ˵ǸնԼ̤ʯţӦý뵽˻ҵء
ǰˡ˵гīѵǸīôܣ
űһ𣬸ո˳ֵʱƺ󽫾ҽȺˣȫЩʱΪǿԮֵּǣ
ѵ˵īԶսնԼ̤ʯ֮󣬲ûн뵽ҵأͬ뵽ͨ
űһ¾ˣЩ֪
û뵽龹ȻһŰΣжˣȻǷǸ桱
ܿЦűоԼٶȶ˼֡
īҡҡͷС㣬ûпЦʵϣҲͦġ˵ԾС֮䣬̸ʲôԹϾշԶսϵ飬Ϊһ޴ľ֡նҲ֪ʲôϢ
űһԼ侲Ȼ˵ǰ£ȷֲǣ˵߲ͨȡ̤ʯţӦڻҵ𣿡
īͷڻҵأִӻҵشˡ
űһ𾪵Ŀųī˵Ķ򵥰ӻҵشˣ
Ҳ˵ѷжѹǻҵеЩѷĿأһ޴սУīһ࣬ڻҵУȻĴȥһ漣ˡ
⵱һǿߣ
űаȻ̧ͷųī׹ųǣءɺϰɣ
īһ̹Ȼĵͷǵģϵ飬ҵѣұǡϾǵ϶ǲԸɵġ
űЦһ£ͷ˵ĶԣûԸⱻɡ
ܸоСǻǲġī˵
Ҵϱű˵̸֮Ա֤е֪ܹ֤Щ˲й¶ȥ𣿱жȥ֤壬Ҳһ
īŹűû˵֪Է϶ġ
ű˵ɺãļѣʱҡȻҲҪǰװװæݡλԴֻҪеģҾȫóǣȻ󣬹⣬취ɺã


1597 
űһϿҵĿųīҪİͬʱ룬Ҳܹﵽĵطͨ棬Ҳ˵Լж٣ṩһӻ֮أṩһЩ鱨Ϣǿġ
ʱ·׹ųУͻȻ䴫һɼǿĲһӰȻն𣬳Źű߳ɱ
һɸѹ׹ųǵͬʱ
ˡҪǼ壬˭ͬھɣ
ţӰ嵱Уһɾ춯صĻϢϢɢһεĲɢ˵֮Уˣһȼյ̫
ҪԱűһֱƽϣҲ¶һĨ֮ɫе㱻ŵˡϾʿԱĳ棬ǵһμ
ī˳һɲǣѾˣ
ֱӼ˻¯Ͳ֮ǰ澳ٵʱѾõٴεļƷȻûٴȴ֮ǰǿ
ʱ򣬹űֹһŴīĶУī¶һĨЦĵַӦø˼ͬھ
ϣ
߱һնѪɫâš
ǿķһһ£ɲǴգǵӰ£һİ
ǵѪɫĹâֱӻʿ壬ʱն롣
ʿȼΪۣ˲öϿ顣һΣĴۣһֱû֮һ
߱նҪ飬ûô򵥡ɱƻһУԷĵ
Ȼ֮ǰɯΪʲôôŭȴѹ
Ϊīֲ̫ˣ
ʿ벻Լգ֮ʧ֮һĵУһŭ𣺡򲻹ǣѵô
ϵĿֲˣǳˡۿžҪױһ˵еĹűī׹ųǶҪꡣ
澳ʿҪȼһеĻɱԻľͬĩһֲ
һֻʣ֮Ȼֲף
ĳɣ㱬ˡīݳȥ
ȣһ߹ȥͬʱоԣֱӰʱͿռ䡣һʱ䳤ӰӾȻŸֳͳǸҪԱʿߡ
ţīһţֱʿϡ
飡
һžͽ˸߽ʱ䳤ӵС
һâ˵Ӱʧ١
һУһɲǵǧٷ֮һ
űֱʱ˵°仰ߣ
Ҫ˼ǣҪԱߣ
ɵĻȫ˵꣬õĻǸݡīѾˡһ澳ʿһնأȻһ߽ʱ䳤ӡԶزˣ
Ǹ˻ʱ䳤ɣԶ뿪ӡ
𣬻Զ˵õĻ޾֮󣬻޾֮ǰлʱ䳤пľɫϾʱ䣬ĥĶ֮һ
ûܹƿһ
ûС
űһ͵Ŀųī૵ˡΰңΣֱӵľ顣
īһЦ˵ֻҪСķ˾ͺáī˵ţаԺܻٸ࣡
ȻǺҲҪƽȺɵĻϣûƽȣûɣ̸ĻЦġ
ű΢΢һ漴չһЦҡҡͷ߰ɣȥˡ
һҪԱ澳ʿīһž͸߽ʱ䳤ӣ׹ųǼʣµЩ߲ھˡζ벻ű߾Ȼһ˿ֲİ֡
Ӳɯٴγ֣װǺ˾С
ʣµЩˣ׷׷˵ֿ
Ͷ
Ͷ
Ͷ
ȫͶˣ
һһıӡסȫΪӲ׹ųǵ壬˲Ϊ
̣˲ʱ
ʼգűûԶֻ֣ǸīվУĿš֮ǰһΣ֮⣬űһֱֵ൱侲򾲣īЩ塣
Щ죬Ҳһ˽ⶼûСڹű֮ǰ׹ųǾѾˣڹűĸϢɡ׹ųдϵ£ԹűĸֲáΪȲܰѲ׹ųڵЩٹ̵ĴŪףҲܶ׺ɯ˿취
׹ųǣڹű֮ǰһɱ۵Щ嵹ǺܿģΪһ޾СѾͷĽҪһḻϼһǲͷۡ
űˣǻڵɯɯ죬ǸĿһɯһ첲ֱۣڻڳĴоأ
ֵܳĲǹűʲôϵ׹ųǵаգҪľһѣ
ֻҪһݰ
ڳֵ˭Ҫôһ㶼Ҫֻűˣɯˣ
͹ˣ
û뵽ľϲں档
űȻǿӲֵزֱ˳ڼ塣־ٶ˿Ƿˡ
⼸壬ǳ״壬ɲ׹ųô죿׹ųа˳ɵĲҵ⼸еġЩһ׹ųǼҲ͵ǿˡ
űôˣ
ûһ˿ԥģ
ңյʤ
԰ƵļĳԱȫӡѺ׹ųһ˲䣬׹ųǡ˲ˣ
׹ųǷǳ޴Уʮϵľ
뿴һռ޴Ļֺųǣ˶ڻǻһĳ
죡
·񷶼Ų
ѾͶЩԱһȫɫҡֱףԭеѾֵز񣬺ܶ˲кڣ֮ǰ֣µѾ׵ʧȥ׹ųǵġȻڽ죬ˣ׹ųǵģ˲ӳֵ˹űϡ
һУַϵģ
ʵ̫ˣҵҲ̫ˣŵ˵⼸ʲȫ׹ųǻȻһ£ңٿùűڣȫҪΪԴȥǣ
⡭ֻǲ׹ųǼϵĲƸѣڵĻ϶ڳණ
īŹű뵽׹ų֮һ³ң³ҲֿЩûüߵԴҲ̲סЩզࡣЩٹ̵ļ壬̫ˣ
űųī΢Цŵô
īͷŹűϣǺ죡
űЦ绨Ǳľˣ֮ĺ϶ޱģ
鷢չһʣ¸βˣ˵ûʮ˸ϵʿ˵˺Ǽ֮⣬ȫƿعһ棡
Щ˿ɲֻ߸ϵȥָӣȫǴӵײһġһǵĹ˵һˣͿԹܵװף
˿̾Ѿˣʼּļ˲ţ൱߰ĴŵֻҪúãлΪһԱ
ջ̫ˡǰĸִֻ˷ǳģϾһߵ磬ԴҪֻҪḻԴ϶Ը¡һѾ˶ģǻۺ죡


1598 ׹ų
ƬãĴ棬һǿĿɽǷǳҪһ¡壬Ȼ⿿ɽе̳𡣱𿴹׹ųǵƿƺһС⡣κһ۹˶óС⣬ʲôֻһʹˡű㣬ձٻع塣׹ųߣȻһǿĳԱġ
ԣܹΪĳԱ͵ڱһĴȡӽ󣬶ٵκˡ
ԣһԭſȸĳʱ˴ʿЩʿΪδر֣棬ȴ൱óר
˵رóʲͷ࣬رóĿеˣóеĽ衣
ָ֮ܶ˲ţڶ̶̵Ĳһʱʱͼ˳һ֣
űֱӱˣ֮ǰûļ˲šϾɵ˼壬еתֹͣҪ˲в䡣ȴЩһĪչ׹ųĻ̻̣жϿγ
ȴЩСϵļ⻷ҲС˹Աĸֵ
նģ֮ǰûű˵ű֪֮ҲûʲôһԱݰˣ˵Ĳ¶һֱ˲Ŷʮֿġ
ΪճĹԱűͬʱټˣǹԱݣ
ȻЩˣűˡ
飬ԤֵķȨ
ʮϵĳԱʼ˾ְ˭ȥԸ˭ʲôȫȥˡ
Ӹλ꣬˵ĸоǸ߸ϣûһжʵϣȺһҪжǵǾ˫ǿģ
רȥЩͶĸԱ˵ӡ֮ûˡͷЩ񼫵ˣɱɱķϵķϡҪ׹ųǵаգһ
ûͶ˾ʲô鶼ûˡ
ЩﲻģҪôϵҪôͨһЩŷЩ˵˵ƿһ˿ǵԪ֮ࡣ
ȻЩ˳ΪūȥһЩ͵ȼ顣
ĽԺһЩҲͬǳΪūͣ
ߵ磬ͬҲǳܿܣ
ûʲôԹģҲû˻ȥͬǡΪⶼҵġкܶ޹ģǵļʱͬûվֹȫһĵżǵĺôԣݵʱҲҪһꡣ
϶һЩ©֮㣬ûϵ׹ų⼸壬ӽ𣬾ѾΪʷˡò˶꣬û˻ǵǡ
ҲֻЩӳ©֮㣬Żһֱ£ǺŹűǺŹ塣ûʲô塣Ǽ嶦ʢʱһű򲻹˵֮ˡ
ԣЩ©֮³ȻΧԶԶġʵʵĹһ
º׹ųǣȻһ£
֮ǰΪսƻЩطѾϡԭĳҲ쳣
˼ǣУдԭ׹ųǼĳԱܶǺĳԱȴΪ˳ˡū͡ͼ顣
ɲǹűģЩԭļԱźģ
в𣿵Ȼޣ
ԭƶˣȴ䳾ܲޣ
кãһʵ
Щ˷ɢ׹ųǵطǸɴŵôǵˣޱң
˼ȥȺ˱ķ֣õĳ·Ȼڳ
ԣΪһòɿһЩϼĴƴԼ˵Լʲôʲô¡ʤʲôʲôȻֻҪһڷԾͿԡ
ȻűҲ˳ˮۣ˾ϸѡһˣ¡
˵һƶ
Ҳţгһգܹõűʶ˵жɽĻᡣ
˵ֿҲûУϾӸ˵űżҲûֱӵĶԹһͬҲˡ
űûйµŵԣЩϵĳԱȫõ˸ַ͡
Դеǣ
˼֮ЩԴùű˲ƸĹŮԾѡ
ְҪʲô
׹ųǷǳ
ǣ׹ų滹ϰٸͳУСͳСڸСĳ򣬶ţë׹ųǵΧԷ䵽ܼʮķΧ֮ڣ
ԣҪΪһǳס
űҲôġ
͡١أ
ʮϵǿߣֱӷȥʮˣ
ʮˣȫ澳Ĵܣĸűǿ֪֡űԴ֪
ϣ˵λ֤λңұزλλԶҹűϱ
Ⱥ˷ַȥֻҪս߷սűûбٵĻôȺ˾Ϳһֱȵĵǵһ
űԤò̫ã׹ųǵΧͻ᳹׻Ȼһ£
⣬űĳɼ
ͨһˡʣЩֳַƵģȫǽƿصЩοߣ뿪벽
ԴˣŷƶЩпĵˮҲԴǣ룬ǿ϶ӡ
ӵϣ¶һĨЦͷ˵λС㣬ĺҲ
һ˵ҵǾãģǳī
ӵŷͬʱͷԳīǳ׵ķڷˡ֮ǰζû뵽īطѾΪűߣǸˣ
׹ųǣ˶¡ǵĳߵģһòƽƽšԭΪǸܿǾͷ֣Ͳǻ¡űǳǸ꣬ʲô飬ҪǸһ
˵ֲ̬¡ôֻһǸ꣬ǹűΪεˣ
ģڳīݣҲһЩ˴Ȼ֪֣Ѿ֪ǵղ׹ų⣬ɯԱȻִЩ澳ɯԱ֮һҪǸҲ֪ˣǰЩӣһɯɯһֱۣɯĹǻ֪ˣǸҪ׹ųһϵ澳ʿԱı
һǿߣ
أ
û֪Ժη
׹ųǣоųϵˣ֪īڵġ
ңīԼû뵽ǣڲ׹ų˵ĿУڴűڵڶλңҲֻǲôһѣ
űûг͹Ůݵļӳ֣ô׹ųе϶ᱻī˦ļӰ
ԴˣűƺͲ⣬ī⡣


1599 Ϣ
ӺʥǱߣ˹űߣҲˡͬʱµģǧź⼸֪īٵϸˡǵ涼ţѾܺˡϾҪԴԴҪݵλҲʲôȻܹ飬׻ָɣǾ͸ˣ
飬ָɣЩҲûҪ뿪űһ棬űȷԵǣǴϱһһ棬ͨ뿪ȥĶ
ͨڼĸ֮£ܵĶҲǰһΪһһƿ档ӣѾһȥˡ
һ˵ٻЩ˵֡ΪĴˣĻڿһĻǿ϶ȥڣƴĺڣ
ؼǣû壬Ҳ
ʱ䳤ӣҲܴ
Ȼˣǻһֱǰ
ͷ
īûгȥնǵΪűī˽͸¶ص顣Ȼ֪īȻӵնȴ߳īҪԼݣҪȥŰն
һ棬ǲܳɹһ棬ÿһʱ䣬ͻרŵʹǰ鿴ơⲻԹűģκγзƵˣᱻ顣
һǷ쳣״ڵһʱϱ塣
ҲԾԾԡҪչ¶ǡгһգӵ˶ɵȻĻѾӵһͬȲεҲǲУ
ű˵ⷬʱ򣬺棬ܳϿңҲࡣ
ָָ죺Ϊ찡
ī˹Ļͷа̾ϢصԶȴ
󣬳īʼҸϣͬʱҲѹűҹ֪е飬һᷢ顣
飬˵˵һصĴ˵űüͷôˣ˵Լ
˵ţű̲סЦҵǾã϶ᣬˣֻһ
ˣҶЩ˼ˡīЦȻ˵ңǱˣҵѣҼǡ
ű룬˵ѵӵŷ
īͷǵġ
¾ȻܷҵƤӵ£̫˸еˡűϣҲ¶˺֮ɫȻ˵־϶ǻᷢ״ģڼеĹŵ˵мֽңû˻Ԥ֪һ֡
űųīһֽ𡣾Ȼͬھ˫˫ֽҲģڶֽںϣҲ˵֮϶ȷǳߣҲһģһɳҲ࣬ôܻںں֮һԸΪһԸΪţе㸴ӣʵϰˣҲûʲôһ˿źֲܶͬԸһ˵̫־磬ʵѾնʬˣһʬһʬһҡʵѾһΪȻͨв̫ϾĴڣǹҲУһû˳ɹնʬġ͵˵ͺˡֽǼ֮󣬲ᷢκ⣬ģһҵġȻõĽͨĹʷţ֪Ĺʷ
űһ£ųī˵ͨʷֹϲ㡣мй޾ûκμصġܡλйأ
űָָͷȻ˵Է񰡡ưкܶ飬Щ̫ϾĴڣҲܸһĽ͡
ī⣬ͷһȻ˵ѵûа취ֽΪ̬ô
űü΢Ȼҡҡͷ˵ƺûС
˵ţ˵Ҿã飬϶а취ġֻҪܹҳγɵԭӦþͿԽ⡣оǣҸող˵ôͨʷֹϲ㣬ôͨУ϶һЩطܹҳһЩʷǰϢġЩϢƽ⣬̫ϾĴڣҲҪ޾ЩϢܴлȡһЩЩϢУž˵ܡܹҵЩʷǰϢҳɹƽ⣬ҾãҲа취ʵһĿġ
Ȼѣȴֵóԡī˵
űЦеĵͷʵҶЩ飬Ҳȫĺܡ룬ҿ԰һЩ顣
ī˵лл㡣
űҡҡͷдǧ˵л֡
ˣҪѰһЩˣܲܰҲһ£Ҳ뾪κˡī˵
ЩദīԹűҲһȫ˽⡣֪һŵùˡ
űͷҪκˣеѣҲûϵҿϴ޹ʿһЩ˵ߣȻĵѰҾͿˡ
īʥˮЩֱ˹ű
Ȼ̹Ȼĸ֪ڵеһСҵáʥӦúܿˮ塣ˮ꣬ҵӣͨҲΪǱץ˽
űϴʥеܾ棬Ͼʥ¡ʱܳ澳ľǿߡ벻ͨУȻѾѾ澳Ĵڡ
ͨ˵еˣ˿϶ͬһ㶼һ˳ɾ͸ߣһ˳ɾ͵ͣ˳ɾͶͣ˳ɾͶܸ֡൱Сű˵ţȻ˵ˮô֣ôеأһͷʣ϶ܵõϢ
Ȼųī벻ȻѾɻ顣
ī΢΢һЦǣҺܰǡ
ķҲһҸű˵ţЩɻʵո˵Ǳץģ˭ô£棿֪ͨҲֻ̫ϾĴڣ̫ϡΪʲôҪأ
īЦҲ֪ȻԹűѾΣȴоͨĸ֣ȻͨҲһɣһ˵ڣܻܿᷢһЩ˭벻ı仯
ðɣ£Ҳšűܹоڳīλӵ飬û˵ôȫҲ⣬ûжʡ
պ󣬹ű˳ҵīϢˣ
ģīϣҲ¶ϲɫæʵĶ
ȱ𼱡űóī£Ȼ˵˵ҲǺɣˮǱߣһýã壬ǴС;һ棬ǳá˵ˮ壬һӾ뵽塣һȥ֮󣬾ϵ壬Ҳһ飬Ȼˮ壡ǸӵŷһԶսͨеģУʥǱߣҲϢͬˮ壬ǽͨʱҪһЩ
īһҪѰҵ⼸ˣʥͳǱȽҵġΪǶǸӵŷƣһ뵽ͨеġҲˮһ
ʱ򣬹űһ۳īҪѳҪɲ̫ס


1600 ûǿʯͷ
ī̧ͷһ۹ű΢΢üʲô˼
űһ̾˵ң˵ҵһճӣߵе
ţīŹűе˼ˡ˵īĸоЩӵġϿɵĸĸ˫ףȻǸļͳ
ȻһеļͳͬҲĸĸǳӣҲû͡ôĸµĺӣҲãҲգ϶ˡ
־֮䣬Ѫλ˵ϣ϶ϵģ
ȻĻôܻһʱӦ
ȻˣīûȥܡһùҲһ¡īǾȼһ˵ǲ˫ᷢʲô飬ΪվһˣԱ𶼲һ
˵ҲǺ˽֮Ĺϵֻ֪ǸҵճӵΪʲôҪˡҸȥˡӵŷơű̾ЩӵܣûһǱ֪һöƣؿҲ˵߷˵顣ҹϵܺãҡ
īͷͨУҲ̸ʲôرĵˣҪ˵УǸڰе֮ͨ⣬ҲǹűڵĹˡֻҪָű֮ꡣŹűҲ
Ȼʿκ飬ҲҪʧġòʧ飬ûԸ
ӦҲ뵽ʥ飬ȴʲôû˵ű̾ʵǸùϧ̫áҪлᣬҵһ¡
ôīЩֵĿ۹ű
ű˵廼һֲβãⲡˣǡ˵⣬ɫ΢죬Щ˵ȥˡ
īҲûм׷ʣΪֿѾ漰ŮӼҵ˽ˣҲüȥ
űһ۳īתƻ˵ӦȥһˮǱߣĲ˵ҪһġʥлᣬҲҪһ档ȻһСˣǲŽˡ
īͷȻ˵ĻҾӦȸǵʥк
ű룬յͷӦðɣҲӦ˵ġ⡭űųī˵ΣҾҸ֮䣬ҲѡӦǿ໥εİɣ
īŹűС㡭
Ļұͺáű΢΢һЦߵĺѣôҵġ
һǽɡīпЦѶôеģܰɡֳƺ϶ܵ˲ܽеġ
˵ʵ𿴹űڶû¶κ⣬īȴе¡Ů̸ж˽⣬һ£һŮӶȫ׵ʱһʵҲûԶˡ
㡣űЦЦʵ֮䣬ǿ໥εģǰɣ
īͷҾǡ
Ǿͺãһ⣬һֱʣóȻʵĻеͻڣ롭Ӧûˡű˵ĺҲСģųīǲǣӵСն
īЦЦأ
ҾáСű˵꣬СĿųī
ʵѾ˰˾ŷֵĲ²⣬Ȼȫ׵ȷϡҲֻΪīûϰˡе³īϣΪīϣ͵ڲǰٷְٵ
ϣīܹȫΪѾȫγīˡξ֮꣬ҪȫγīǾ˵кܴˡ
໥ģϣֻٷְٵγīīȴǡ
īͷ˵оС
ۣű˷ܵýһҿⷿзȻܻᱻᡣСϣд˷ܣĵųīŵһ˰٣ͨⲿʷϵĵһˣ
īЩĿŹűȻЦȻأ
ȻʲôȻ󣿡űųīûȻˣҾǺ档
ðɣŮӵ˼²͸
űĿųī˵֣İɣҹű췢ģὫϵ͸¶ȥ㣬Υٲ
īЦõĿŹűڷôô
Ҳ˳֣īãԼĲܼˣ٣ܵűദˡ˼ѾеΣˡ
ȥʥ̸̸ī˵ֱ꣬Ķˡ
űȻһΪĵѽҸոնЩʲôǲѾҵ˼ôѽ϶Цˣ
űôǿӲǿƣվһŮӣξ֮ĳīôһ㺶
ôһøжûУ
ԣԳīʱøԺޱ£Լ˼˿Զеʧݡ
ī뿪űֱ֮ǰӺʥסĵطֵȫеһȻֱӿ˷ķӡ
ӿųīЦʲô飬ôأҪն𣿡
ҲЦĿųīĵ٩š
ǸС½˰ɣʥ
˵СߵرҾ֪Ѿͷϲˡţħʥһ
СѾţɲҪ̫ŶʥüŪۡ
ŶѩԴʥ˵
Աèʥһ̾Ϣ
ţҲ˵ʥ˵
ֵܼЦֹˣûȳī˵ͰѳīϷ˸
īЦЦĿǼҲ˵Ǻ˵˵
Ǻӿˣһǣ϶Ҫµģ˵˵ɡ
ʱʥűͣװĿųī
īźӵ㿴ӵŷưɣ
΢΢һͷǲӵŷơСҶӵСֵǸʲôŷƣǸʥ𣿡
ʥı飬ʱЩΪģоЩԾˡ
īһۺӣ벻СҲ⡣
ӹǣ˭ȿȣСӣǲڳЦ
īЦҡͷ˵Цˣ˵ģǿӵŷƣǸеˡһͬ뵽ͨģ⡭ʥŶԣӦ˵澳Ϊġǣ
ī˵ţһĿʥ
ʥֱӾʹסˡ˵Ȼ֪ǣûгһգһԼ
ӿųīץģһأأһأ
īЩͬĿһۺӣ˵Ǵʯͷĳģ
գգۣųīһ
ī˺һۣһ磬ûǿʯͷ


1601 Ƕ
һĿųīȻֹҲ˵֮䣬ֻаһ
Ӻӵϣκϲɫܸоһɱĸо
ؼ䣬е飬дУͷġֲϵ飬ҲиԴġΨֻӣ⣬ҲԼĸԴڡһ鲻֪˶µʯͷǵǣĬĬؾʥ˾ǿڵľҲ֪Ϊʲô˵ֻӣʯͷʱ򣬾Ѿʼˡ
һ죬Լгʯͷѳ
ǸʱãȻ֪ԼʲôȻ޾µľȴ£ʲôҲ
̫ϸǰִ˺ܶꡣȻӡ̫ϸȴǳиĸʲôĸоȴȫĸ飬ע̫ϸϡ
ʦҲ׵ˡʶʥֵ߸һ𵽴еĸ飬ôһĥġ
˵ԭûиģĶʯͷġʯʵҲġĺӣѾ̫飬Ҳ̫ɣʵϣһʱһҪúʣЩ꣬㶼ЩʲôǸǷҲ̫ϸӣ
īȴһ磬ûǿʯͷ
ðɣ
Ǿɣ
ؼ䣬¶Ǹ
īźӣ˵Ǹ磬Ҳûһҡ
˵ôܶࡣ
īͷߣǲһʶĿתĬʥ
ãʥ˵ô˵Ǹ棬źпǾ棬˼ҵľ񡣡
ʥ˵һҡ
Ϊʲôǵ֮ͨ󣬾ȫʧȥָӦѩԴʥ˵
èʥգգۣĪΪ񣿡
ȫסȻèʥ
èʥͷҾôһ˵Ǳ氡
ôáƺֿܰѩԴʥ˵
Ҳúеأʥ૵ܶͨ˶˵ͨеʷֹϲ㡣˵ûֿܣͨʷһˣҲãҲãƣΪ˿ͨӵĸ飿Ϊ˽ģ
ɡ˵ֻǻ˵˵񣬾͵ڱԴϷ˱仯ȻټһԼֲĺǣơԾΪ˿ƶĶôΪ˰Ƕģ
īҲ˵ȷֻ񣬻пԭһƣζױˡ
ģȻڱСǶͦõģһǲʹ찡ţħʥֹ
ˣȱ˵ûõˣī˵£ĵġӿ˵ô˵
ʥͷ죬ī
ī˵׼ȥһˮ塣
ʲôӶʱеҪȥǣ
ī˵ǣбˡбҪ£ȸǹͨһ¡
ͼɣһңʺáèʥ˵
룬Ҳ£ӿųīüͷ˵ô
һģ֪Ҳûʲôʥ˵
Ҳ룬֪֪ˡţһңӦҲ롣ʥ˵
ʵпܵĻҵǸԼѩԴʥЦ
ʥƺûʲôеīҲͷֵָһᡣȻȥȥӵŷƣá
ȫڳߣǹűĻšӹʮ
űҲ֪ӵŷƵݣ͵Լ֪õҲȫǻòҲȥ˱ϵĲͬûʲôʣӾȥӵŷ˵Ҳûʲô
þ͸νˣӻҵֵط磬ֻҪһ֮أѾˡ
ī¶Ҫһֱڹű뷨ű㹻ʩչĵطҲĳʲôҪ޵أ
īӵŷơ֮Ҳûʲôֱ˵ԼҪȥһˮ塣
ӵ㶣ųīֵܣһ顣
ţīһüҡ
ӵЦˣҲãǱߵʥҲãһͨȺʿܹƿǵķƣϰ
ŷҲһ˵ǰӣǷơɲֻƿ
īʱһͣ˵ģİ¸ģȫû뵽
ӵ˵ǻɱǸзƵˮӵܵʱϢӦǱˡԣǱߵʿ֪Ѿˮˣ£Ҽȷһ£ǾǣȺѾֿˡˡ
ӵЦſīǱߣԭҲӦʣʮ˸ǸոսͨʱĸıɵˣԣǻʣʮĸʮĸʿѾңͲһˡȻеõǵˣӦöǶҲֻǲȥʲô
īһͷȷ
һ˵Ƿ£ʵǾʮĸϧǲ֪Щ
ӵͷΣȥˮǱߣпΪ
īӵ
ӵ˵Щ飬ҪʱȥۣЩܣҲܽҿǼȻͨҪȥһЩʲôҲҪ׼һЩˡ
ŷһԿӵҳ⣬
ӵЦЦ㿴ˣ磬ͬҪӵԼ˵ˣͨеǸݣǸʧĳ塭
ÿЦ˵ֵܣ£ǧ˵Ӱ̫ˣ
ŷҲͷǰڲʺ
ӵ˵֪ǿԲۣǹӱҪЩ
īĬһ£ȻͷҶס
ӵ˵ȻҸƶøһʱ䲢ãţƶҲãҲãùӵԼ˿ġʲô飬Ƕһȥԣ
סīˣȻ˵֪ôˡ
󣬳īȥֱ뿪˲׹ųǡ
ŷЩԹĿӵӺܴѹ
̾ϢҪݵĺѡ
ӵˣͨûܹСݵλ˰ɣǿˣҲס
õͷϱĶҪȱС̫ˡ
ӵЦЦǶһȻӲ㲻ǾȥԺˣ
ŷȻ϶ӵЩԹȴǺϲӵɾ˵ұʿģʵҲЩ
˵Ѷϰ
Ƕ񡣡ӵ˵


1602 һ
īȻӵ˼Ҫͨ㣬ҪȥҿһЩʲôͱҪӵһǿⲻ˵˵ͿԵġҪȥҪȻܺøԶһơǲʵʵĻ롣
īѾڹűһõĻӵҲԼ֪űԳīĵϸӦú˽⡣ȻűܡóīҰߣ˵űǿԳΪԼ˵ģ
Ȼûʥµ٩īīЦ棬ʵҲͬīű֮䣬ϵԸһġ
ⲻҪñˣáڶԷ֪£ԼơűôŮˣī̹ϵˣô֪飿ԣһҲֻǿǿϰˡ
ӵûа뷨ҪôīԼ϶Ĵ㣬òȥ̡漰Ů֮飬Ǽɻ˺Ҳ֡
ӵȴѳīһҪץסᣬԼΪ⣬δͨĸ
ҲֻӵһǿŻδЩʱĵ
ЩīǸʧͨеĳ塣ī֪ģԶȱеҪ࣡
̫֮д棬չ˵ͨУӦþֻһ档ڣӦͨһܵĸԴڡ
ʲô񰡡񰡡ưԶսЩͨʷĶϲ㡭һУȫӦǸλйء
ִڣͨей嶼ҲĶ֣⡭ȴǲԼɡ
ҪģǰڣȴԼ顣
һͨ߱ϳôأеġӡЩأѵϲô
īôߵĶԼعˣ澳Ҳûоνǰ䡣徿ôʧģλӾΪʲôѡֻصġڶȫȷ
ҲľͰˮõλܴҲܲڵĴȥ
һУܵò֮ȥ˵
īϣһݹű͸ĵͼһűűûУЩ˼ԳīҲ˵űԳī̬ˡȻûκһ仰ī֪֣ؼʱ̣ˮǱߣ϶ó
ݵͼͬǳ󣬲˭Ū֣ܹϡźϸֲϸϴռĽīҲЩпЩ壬ͨе߰
ֻŵͼԲΪͨУһλӸ߸ϵߴڡ
ΪͼϣûжٵطǸҲмʮطעŽءΣյ
ī֣ͨŵ棬һ棬һ桭ͬҲ棡
ݹϵĵͼڳīľʶУֱγһ޴ĵͼһУġͨȷ״ʵܿ㣡̶ȣˡ

ֳȣīĬĬһ£ڵľ磬һͣļٸ·ͷͷҪһ꣡
ǾǺңԶ
Ȼ󣬳ī֣Ӧ棬λôڳͨм䲿λߡÿͨõȴʾġߣƺڱôȷ
֮⣬ͨģٻǧӦ档飬һ
ҵؾͨЩ֮䣬γָӵĵش忴ȥͬһž޴ޱȵ֩һ㣡
ҲãǸ氤ŵЩռҲãÿһ棬ȥһĸ壬īԼžʶеһ棬ͨ࣬ÿ棬ԳһԲε״һĴ档Ȼла˵Ļ
ڵ棬ͨӵЩȫӦһ档
ѵ˵ЩͨЩҵءͬҲһ棿Ȼ󡭡ǸͬҲһͨ
һ룬һرĸоīȻһ𾭣һ仰һһ磬һҶһᡣһ仰֣

ī̲סһȻ΢΢ü飬ϸϸ޾ûоͷ
Ӧģ˵ѭ޾ġīа
ȻǿԼͷΪ뷨ܿ£һûûˣỳԼؼ﾿ǲʵġ
ţīֽĿתԶ档棬ȥҪһЩң棬ɢŵĹΡ
˵ŹͼʱǱصǹġҲ˵ǿ϶ʲô֮
ԽоŹͼԽܸоͼĲԽܸо
ͼˣӦһ̫ϾĴڰɣǷűȴ͸ҡ⵱һܴˡ
īţˮķٷȥ
һȥһʱ䡣
ˮ֮䣬ңԶм仹˺üССĹ塣īҲûоκˣֻǰյͼıǣϳĿĵؽš
Ҫȼ
֮ǰű߹ˮһųڡȻˮһճߵķǳ
һųǣˮеȼУӦŽǰһٵġҲ˵ҪȹűƿصĲ׹ųǻҪ߳ȼ
īһųǵʱҲЩ𺳵ˡ׷һ·ָĳСڴϵĲɣųǣҲƯǿеĹϴǡ
Уռ﷽Բĺ嫻ʳǡ
ǰǣǳīƽһǣ
̫ˡڴ֮ϣȴεضֱ񷡣³ī˿Ѿڸ֮ϣȴȻ޷һۿǵľͷռءʮ﷽Բ
ǳǽ֮ߣ˵ĸоǸһ磡
ǽһ磬ǽ桭һ磡
ϵĳ棬ԿŸָĹޣģī˿ɣڷע֮£Щ˲ͻĸ
ǳǽ棬ҲܸܵһɹǿҵķȻķһֱǿŵģ
ī̲סЩľ嫵һ޳ǣÿάⷨתҪĵԴ׹ųǣֻս³ֵʱ򣬲ŻзС࡭治һĴ
ߣŸָսɽϵս˳ųǽǿŵľ޴ŷɳ
ŴڿأЩʿȴ⡣
óҲһܿŵĴǡʲô˽ȻҲһǿš
һּľ޳ǣˮ壬ҲǸεˡ棬֪жٿֲǿߴڡԣҲûʲôˣе¡
īţųٵķɽȥ
֮󣬳ī֣Ǹ֮ǰЩȫһ


1603 ɺ
һ޴ĽεضȫǸơԶԶڸϿоֲһ
ȻЩУսɽսϵ£һ㡣һʿһͷĿѣĸо
īһ⣬ԽϣƺЩ˵ĵλԽߡǴŴ磬ɢʡƺҪ˸̫߳ࡣī⣬档
ȻֵȥЩˣ粢ߡī˼ԪӤڵڽֵϡͷϷ߲Ŀ⣬Ȼ޾
ī̾κһطн׼вࡣ
׹ųȻ޴󣬵ȫһīǰһߵûߵľ޴аЩ˴Ӹ¥浽棬Ҳ÷һģɲ
޴Ĺųǣ޾֮ϣһ嫵ķ֣һڴһǵϷ
Ը֮Щҵ磬ͬÿҪĵҲ϶һ֡
ī΢΢ҡҡͷӾʶеǷݹϵĵͼ
ͼǿ󣬳īľ񲨶һԸоͼɢһɵֹȥȻ󣬵ͼĳһ䣬ԭȫòŵͼһ˲ͱķŴͼ
ÿһֵÿһ¥ȫڳīʶֳ
Ȼīаһ
Źű֮ǰ˵ģˮճӵסڵͼȷλ֮󣬳Ǳֱӷ˹ȥ
кԶ
ˮĹӣסһǵСǳĳȴ¡
ӣɺ裬ˮһУʢֻ꣬İٶ꣬һǰѾ澳Ϊҵʷϣ൱š
ɺ賤൱Ӣһ£ɢųߡܼ̿ľ磬ȴϵڿС츳ĽĽ
ɺһֻش˵ֵˮ壬ѾʮԪûɹˡɺһֻشѾ䵽ûĵز
ֵãʵϣ൱磬ԲֻصһЩܡҪֵֵز̫ˣˮһȱֻشкڡһսǿò񻰣ûд̡
ɺ̤澳֮ǰѡֻشʱкܶ峤ȰҪֵһɣǵʱ⣬ңҲγɾ޴Ĵ
ˮļ棬ܲͬɺֺеֻشɺȻּûǵģѡֵ
񣬰ȥѽֻشڣ
̧֮䣬ֻصöٲľء
£ҲɺһУɹȡɻΪһĵһˡ
ϱҲԶԶĶˡֻܿıӰԽԽԶ
ԣɺһ콾۳ʲôطʲô˹ע
ܶе㿴ɺˡΪڶڴ˵ɺ裬Ȼϲһͨĳķʿ
ʿͨУū͵ĴʡȻҲһЩ֣˵սūս͵ȡ
ū
ôž޵һʿֻҪ˷Ǿ͵ڳʧȥɣ
ѹǾʶеǿ񣬾ͻͬһӡһǵã
񣬻ѹΪáոսٵһ˲䣬ʿһȫµĸо·⣬ˡоԼ̥һ㣡
һ뵽ָ֮ͨоľͻʧȡ֮ġٶȣȹȥ
Ȼı仯Ҳһ̵ġһӾͻֳԣӺЩޱȷḻߣҲûз¡
űȻ֪û취˵ΪıһУҲȥı䣡
ԣֻܾЩ˸ԴɣԴѣ׷ȥ
֮ʶʿͨУκһ壬ӵĵλʵЩУǶū͡ȫϲȥ̨ˡ
£ɺ裬ˮ޾²ܳһľ콾ȻһϵŮˣȻŮ˷ȻŮϵʸ߹ˮĹǶԲλ࡭ˮĸ߲ǣȻ
˵ףˣ붼Ҫȥ顣
һΣɺѡֻشȫ¡ԣ̫෴ԵɺĶ䡣ɱϲǸŮˡ
ɺ貪Ȼŭɱˮ߲ɳɱ֡Ȼʤ䷳ĴŮһǡ
ȫأĳĸ¡
仰˵뿪ˮǣҪ徲ͬʱɺһֱһΪ뷨ҵķ
ϲŮȫͶϲŮ֮ǰûжκԶĹܾܶҪҪҲҿݵλ⣬û˱
ֻˮҲû뵽۹ߵµɺ裬վȻѡһϵŮˡ
ˣ
裡
ܴ裡
޴棡
ⲻǿЦˮĸ߲棬⼸ָо
ȻҲðżŭɺķգ˰ɱǸŮ
Ůг˵ĳ
ڿʲô
һģߵһ¥㣬һɫǵȹŮվڴǰԶš
һŰ£òΪӢӣϴº͵Ц⣬ʵ
ŮûͷԴ˵幫ӣɡ
ü΢΢һ£ɺᣬȴʮּ
αأʵӦøܵõҲϲ㣬Ҷ㣬ֻимȴûϲ㷸ΪңַҲСˣֵֵĺܡŮ˵
ֵֵҵ顣Ҿֵֵӵ˵ţ߹Ů磬Զ˵ΪɽһʬڣΪգͬԳһŭߵǬֻҪԸ⡣
Ůϣ¶һĨЦ⣺֪жûãֲж
ҲЦЩʱе㻳ɣǲʯͷĳģҶˣôһ㶼أ
ҵȻǴʯͷĳģеѪ塣ֻҲϲ㣬ʲôֵġЩҲܾͬϲŮӣĲ£ͬԶķ羰
Ϊǿɣɺ̾飬治ܹıġңһϵʿߵ֮⣬Ψһһ֪Ѿˮϵˡݹǿƣȫûκټܹҵһᵱ棬ˣ
΢΢һЦʹţɡ


1604 һŭ
ɺϵЦһۿԱô𣿺ôҲǡ
Ҳˮ塭ʷϣ൱еţǰɣЦŽӹ
ɺһΣȴǾǳ֮ɫо˵ķƣƳƵĲϣϵκһֽҪȥ϶ѣӹ񣬻û˵˳ɹ
ǲͽˣ˵
ʲôˣɺüң˵Ҳ
ãһǷƣֱӵĹŷһȥлᷢı仯𣿡һɺ裬˵
ݣӦû⣡ɺ˵ոյõһϢϢеϵء
ţһɺ衣
ɺ˵壬һУչһԶսϵʿԭӦʮˣֻʮ˸ͨС
Ŷһ棬ϣЩݡɺ裺Ȼأ
ɺһŪı飬Ц˵ȻҴٵˣһ˸ɱˣң֮󣬱ֱնɱ
šʱ򣬻˳֣ѵ𣿡ЩԾ
ʿɱˣԭܼ򵥡޷ǶԹ
ǣԶսϣʮѾ£ҳɱˣֱ̫ײˣҲ̫ˣ
û䡣ɺܿ϶˵ؼǣǸɱ˵ļһɱֶ֮Լһ
һԾĿɺ裺вô
ճīɺһЦĿų˵Ŷ
̲ס˸ۣĻ
δģֱɰ£ɺЩ÷
һۣ˵˵ĥ䣬Ӿ͸ҹ
١١ɺɵЦ˵ܹΪ顣˳֮⣬ɺûҸ˵ŮӡˣҸ˵ģҲûУ
˵˵Ҫ䣬ɺæ˵նһն档
ɫʱЩɺ裺ģΪʲôҪô
϶ģǴӹڲġΪʲôҪôҾͲ֪ˣҾãǰϤĿԣ޽ӽޡзƣЩУ˵¡ɺ˵īΪʲôôѾҪˣҪǣɹˣ
ɹˣУʱһ¶ƺЩϲе֣漴ȻˡȻܹɹնôӦҲն˵еļ¶ӦþԴ˰ɣ
ҲֻôˡȻĻѲǸīݲɣԾ棬һյ˶ˣҲûгһգܹǸˡ
Ϊϣʵ̫ãˡ
ԣɹˣΪնȥ񣬶˸ϵûн뵽ͨСǽ˴˵ʯţʮа˾ţͽ˻ҵءɺЩź˵ܹˣһն񣡡
ϣҲ¶ź֮ɫ漴ҡͷҲӦ
ΪʲôɺһȵĿų
ΪҲ뺦ˡ˵㲻ãܹնӦóͨ𣿡
ΣɺЦһֱ;ãƾЩ壬ȫԼļӵܺͳԱҲδرЩʿ١ΪʲôҪͨԶսЩŪȻǣܹʥ֮ϵ飬ؼǡӦʧȥɣһʿʧȥɣʵ͵ʧȥС
ɺһ棬ЩЩʧ񣬲漴˵ԺĻͲҪ˵ˡ
ҲŲ¡ףڹңɺʱһģϵı飬ȥЩȸԾЦ֪ˣ㡭
죡װͰ͵ĵȥȴЩӡ
ɺ迪ĵĸʲôƵģų˵İɣʱ䣬Ҿȥһ˻ҵأ
Ҫȥҵظʲôȵʵ
ȥҳī»ȪҲҪҳȻԱԪģն񣡡ɺһ˵ǿҲˣնҲû֪ʱ򣬼ҪٱңҾʹԶ߸߷ɣƾǵʲôطˣ
ûҪġЦ̫뻯ˡ
Ҳܣһ޾ĹҪȹǲܸԼϲһǻˣɺɷ˵ĺ档
һ̣òϣĶˡ
ʱģ֪ΪΣͻȻͣһ¡ȻһδȴޱϤֱ𺳵þ
ǳī
ֻ֣ȴͬһɽѹ˳ͷġͣôһ˲
澳ΪʿĸӦǿҵ¡
Ҳһ˲䣬ɺֱͷųǿƥĳ򣬽棬ȻֱӾͱŭˣһˮ˵ûû𣿱ҷ𣿡
䣡
һϿգֱ¡¡
ѹ񷣬޾ŭֱӾȼ
ŭΣ
ɺѾŭ롣
һɤӣ̼ˣ˵Ľࡣ
֪жٵӰһӾʹ˷ɹһ
ЩȫɺֻҳɺһˡɺҪˮ壬ǰ;һƬҰҲԥĸһ𷴳ȥ
ɺ蹫ôˣ
϶ǳСˣ
ҲֻгСôŭ
ֵ𣿡
ɺ蹫һ֡
һ˲䣬һǣȫˣ֪ˣ˽
ɺ裺㣬ʲôʲô鶼ûа˵ţŽ˫ϣһĨ糺졣
һŭΪա֮ǰ͸ܵˣȴûǿҡ
ɺ迴ųŭδĵ㲻Ҫ£˶ìͷָ㣬Ҿ͸ս
ǸжǺЦЦõĿɺ裬ᴫϽ˶ˣǳī
ɺ赱;ˣŵĿų
Ҫ֪ոջ̸ˣոջǷأҪȪѳīųնȥȻ󡭡īˣ
ɺһڶҰɵı鿴ų
ĵͷϽŵطҲκ˼
ãɺҲһ൱ˣֱ˻ȥ
δˣԼȱһϿγĵĳЩˣͼҵģүûôĸ档


1605 绹ǽ㣿
һǵİ֪жȻüǵҲɻеίֵ˵˭˭ڷɺ蹫ӵĵϲ֪ĳ֣ѲɣļϸҪɺ蹫ӵŭԼԹˣһġУµøϽ㱨ȥɺ蹫ӵޱǿӲȥ˵ƼˣǾͻˡ
ǶߵĽ㣬޴ķ棬һĿɺ衣
ɺνʼ磬̯˫֣øǵɫ
ðɣھ͸ҰŵطУ㲻˵
ǲУɺһĵĿҲģ
ЦЦİɣѾ֪˭ˡ
ǳīôˣôϵģɺҲЩ֡
ģָָԼġ
ɺ迴۾Щֱ
ŭϽȥҰŵط
ŶŶããȥɺƨƨߵˡ
һĻǽ˿һе˼顣ķɺ蹫ӣķɺ蹫ӣκԶٴɫķɺ蹫ӡȻҲһ棿
˵һеĸ䣬һеӣһеĮȻԭ򣬶ֻǲϲˡ
ɺĶܿ죬ֱӾ͸źһرصĵط
ǸطӦһǡΪȫĵطˡ
λڳ棬طΧţ̫ϾҲ޷ڶʱڽȫƽ⡣ңһܵڵһʱ䷢
Ǹطܰȫң뺦ĻӲɺױƵ˵
Ҿ㣬Ҳ¡ҵףһ棬Ķɺ˵
ҵСӣôẦɺظ֤
˭˵һС˵⣬ɫʱһ죬ݺݵһɺ衣
ɺȴԼʲôˣȴûҳʤ׷֪ŮƤƼˣʵ䷴
ԣǿĵֻϲһĴųǱ߷ȥ
ô֪ͨɺתƻ⣬ʳ
Ӧϣ˿ҲǸ֮ɫʼգīֻ˵֡ȴʲô֪һ㡣
֪ˣīĸĸĸĸ
һޱĸӦ
ǰ飬ԾһԼ£Ҳô⡣ϣÿһ鶼Ƕһ޶ģ
ôһԼ
ɽ췢飬Щҡֶ֪
ûмһ棬ǰ˵ûκιϵȴôܻӦΪʲôУȫĴеˣҪ˵ͬѪǼֱǹ
ôһ£
־磬֪ĴкӡʵǱѪӾԶġΪѪܻնϵꡭȴԶ
ЩʿԪ飬ȥʧϡʵϣһЩڵƶϣǵ飬ӦǻȻлֻءֻֻ֮󣬻ʲôǾͲö֪ˡңֻ֮󣬿϶ǵǰ֡˵ҲǱһȫµ顣
ֻأ̫£֮ڣҲûм̫ⷽ衣
˵ߵλѾоֻصеٮٮˡҲ
ī˿̣Ҳָܼо档ϵĸӦҪʶӾ׼ҡȫ
õӦһ˲䣬׵ĸо˲ꡣ·һӾӡһ
īųķȥ
Ҳܸߴ󡣲һ˵ȴֲʲôˡ
ȴķţ˸Կľ
ī䵽ϣųĴֱȥſûУųīֱӽ˳棬˿Ѿǿһˣ
ɺȣ
̵ʱ䣬ֱóдȫڵĳһճǣ
Լûнȥ͵֮ˡ
Ϊ˵ˣбҪͷȻϵ
ⲻǲ෴ɺμīϵشһз©ǿɾ鷳ˡԣҪȥҪټ֣һǣһ飡
˳㽫ЩڰеǴһ򣬺ýЩ֪ҷɺү˭۸һµģ
ɺˣôľ棬취ɶԼ顣һ¶·һ㶼İ
ֳͨϵĴң߱Щû취ֵĻȥ
˿̣ڳĵȴšһģҲǳţָоδй
뵱껹ʱĸЦ˵һ죬һԸĸһģһˣô죿
ĸ׼ʱЦ˵ȻҪеİ
Цأ
һԵĳֱӴƨƨֱѾͷƬӡ
ǰʱǿԵ٩µģΪ棬ңԶֵͨط˭ܽģһԼļʣҲС޽ӽޡ
˵е˼ԼĵҪ취һϢȥǧԶս
ϧ⼸ܣ
е㰲οģĸ˵ֻԸһɾ¡ȻͻƵ澳ΪҲԶսʵʿټ
ÿˣԸֹǰߵġ
īǸ棬ͬҲһЩ澳ʿ̤Զսô
󣬳Ϳ˳īīĵһۣȻһ޵ĸо

̫ˣ
ϳ֮üԵЩӲʣһվӵĸо
н㡣
и硣
˵ϬȻڼĵһ˲䣬ͬ˵һ仰
Ȼ˶סˡ໥ŶԷãſ˫ۣһ°ɡ
īҲչ˫ۡȻᱧһ¡һ޹κСֻ㷢һип
ǲ֪ȥͨûй鷢٣û
Ե֣ܴٳɽ
ųīֱӽ뵽µķСȻ󣬰ɺ轻İ취ֱӿеķ
طȫ
طֱӱһԷյ磡
ī̽һ£ⷨޱȿֲ̼һѹ
̽ȫĵطͨⰲȫ𻹸ߵĵطҲҲˡ˵
īǸĵеģ
䣬ҿ϶㣡ھ¡ǱŪ׵ġΪٶһܻܵãϧǣһֱǹһ
óϵãվ׽ãһ㡣
ô㡣ī˵
ǲ㣿ʵ
ī΢΢һ漴ͷý㡣
ãһ⡣
ī̲סǳ鴤ųⲻôģǸ磬ﶼûоʲôۡǸкܴͬ
˵˵Ѿһıˣʤȯաã㲻ҵʲô
ҵʱ򣬶ʮꡣī˵
˲ɵˣĿųīô㣿
Ȼīһ⡣


1606 
һĿųīǰ㣿
īһʱʲô
ʱ൱֮£ȻǳɵʿҲѽ̺İо͸ԣīӹ⣬óֱ˰ΣȻ˵ʱ䡭Ȼµšһ̡˵ҴС˶졭
˵⣬ҲЩ˵ȥˡ
Ϊ족ͬ棬ȷǲһģ
˵ͨͨеһ죬Ǻġ
ͨĲ֮ϣд̫ν̫ʵпɢǳͳơ
ÿһ̫𣬵£ٵһ졣ͬĵطһʱ䳤̿϶ǲһġ
˵ī׻ƴ˽ʱһ첻ʮʱǸʱ̫ٵ𣬱ʮʱҡī磬һʱ䣬ʵѾӳܾͱ˽ʮ˸ʱʵϣмһ죬õҲʮʱ
ٵɽ磬Ȼٵ磬һʱӵ
ԣ˽Ҳһֱһһգ˼һꡣ
磬һͬҲʮʱֻÿһʱʱ䣬˽磬ˡ侳ʱȴоһر
ʱ̺ܣȻΪߣҲԽ䳹׽⿪
˵ͨֵطһ죬ʵϣԳī˽˵ܻǼǼʮ꣡
ͷߵĿųī˼˭ʱһЩ˭͸ˣ
ţԶԶԣҾ˼īЦеĿųи硣
ЦõĿųīô뵱磿
Һ뵱ĸ硣īζĵ
ȻסĿųīðɣ͵ˣԺñҡ磡
ùԣԺ϶Ụס㣡īһĿų
һЦȻ˵ƺһ磬Ҳһͦ顣ʵСҾ;룬ӦһġǻţҪиöãԱңңңΪҵꡣκ飬ǰ档أֻҪʵʵĸڸͿˡ
˵ţ̾һҵʱ򣬰յʱ䣬Ѿһٶ˰ɡҲ֪߶䶼ôӡ
ī룬Ȼ˵ڡƺӦþһٶꡣ
Ǳߵһ˫۾ųī
ī˼ĵ֮ǰҴ뿪֮ǰٰһǸͬʱٰģǵľܿﵱһʱ򣬲ûϼ¡
īʼԼߵĸ־
ţʱ¶֮ɫʱ¶߿ʱֻݸЦ
Ի֧ıѣǸԤԣԳī֮ĸȫֳ˷ǳǿҵķŭ
˵Ǳߣ֧ͬҲʲôöΪڵǸ磬ûǸԤԣԣ廹ǺǿƵġЩ֧Ȼᣬȴʲô
ī˵󣬿ų˵Ļϣǽ飬ٸһܻܵáһõĻ
ųī֣ʮа˾ţӦýг
ָоīųʵ
֮ǰûУʱ䡭ʼˡһΪһΪܵʲô磬ҶûָӦʱ䣬ҿʼһ㵭ĸӦûǷȥ롣ôһ˵Ļˡ磬
īЦŵͷʲô¡
˾໥ӡ֤໥̫ϢȻǵһμǱ˴˼ȴǶһȫûκİ˵һμָҡң˴˶ܱ־ԵΡ
һϵĹ
ī˵һеƲ⣺ͨеʱ䷨򣬿϶ʱ䷨ͬ˵ʵϣͨеתءȻĻôϵ׽
Ʋ⣬Ҳмͬ˵ͨҲ˵ʱһַ·ļ¶ѹ
īͷҲС
˵ͨˡǸ磬һܹźܹŵĴڣӦǼԪǰ˰ɡ
ϢԳī˵Ҳ𺳣Ϊ֮ǰ˭벻ͨ˾ȻһϵĴڡϾڵǸͨӦþǽʷϵһ澳ͷ
ųī˵ʱ䷨ȫͬҲԵó
īҲǵһ֪ͨһУȻԶʱǰĴڡô˵ֽͨԼڵ棬Ӱ쵽ԼǸͨˣȻȥҲ̸϶ôϡˡϾ˫ľ磬֮
һ㣬ǸͨôԶʱǰĴڣôľ硭Կ϶һԽ澳һ̫ϾĴڣ
īв²⣺ܶ˿еǸ桭᲻ͨˣ
룬ī־ò̫ܡͨǴĻôֺαܵԼǸȥǸִ֣ڣҪʲôһͷͿ
ĵˣͨ˵ĻǿĻкܴ鷳˽ĺ١ֻڻĲؾУżȻļء̫ˣµϷǳϡ١ĴڣΪʲôҪȥأҲӦðüͷ
ʱ򣬳īȻ˵ͨĳ壬ж˽⣿
һ仰ͻȻ˳壬ʵͨѾҪΪ˵ˣʱӦ÷ǳԶһЩἰʱ򣬶ܸо̫ǰˡ
ī૵ͨеʷֹϲ㣬ȴָоƺͨʷʱ䣬ĸĹںܶ飬Խȥ׷ѰԽǻرҵĸо
Ҳָоֱһ飬Ҫĸо˵
ǾͲȥ룡īųЩ飬Ѿ̫ңԶˣҲ߸ʱڣ׼նˣ
СնֱӾܾȻ˵֮ǰҲ֪Ҹ磬ϣ׽ˡԣҪʲô취Ҫе㣬ʲôҶҪն顣׵ˣҲô
±˷֣īʵ
ͷԣⲻ飬ӵնͨй˵һжһ£ͨжٸϵʿȻͨеĹ忴𣬵ʵϣȴеޱȼ޵ΡֵҵֵǷϵһЩ֪һЩϵʿ֪£һ£ĺ
һ⵽йĹͬ׷ɱīЦЦͬʱҲᱻзϵΪ˫޴ѹ
ԣˣôİɡųīҲ²⣬鵱Уи߲εĸԤͬͨ壬Ҳȫзݣֻʱ̫ԶˣԶѾû֪ˡ


1607 ֻ
īųʵǸҵĵճ֮䣬ô£
ѽ׷ҡ΢죬һûӦǸˣΡ
ȷīų
ͷȷ֮ǰΪһָɣնȥ˵ҪñԪģ㡣
īǳ˳飺Ҳġ
ѽҶû뵽һͻȻһСĸ硣£ǶеԹһҪġиܵۡʵҲ
㻹ǹԹԵðɡīЦ˵
ڣҰйʶһ£̽ſųīʵҾãˡĻġ
ˣīʵ
΢΢ͷе㡣
˵ţոճī֮ǰ֮ĶԻī˵һ¡
īԵͷô˵˻ĲǾͽʶһ°ɡ
󣬳ֱٻɺ衣
Ǳߵɺ͵ȼˣץģѾµī֮䣬пܴż׽Ĺϵվǲ²⡣һǳīҪʲôĿô죿
ܳķǿ󣬿Ȼܵġ
ԣڰһЩ֮һǵڳš
õ֮ɺһӱɷҲ¶֮ɫæ˳УȻ˳ŷͨ뵽˵¡
ⷨͨҲֻաһǵĳ֪Щ
ɺһȿЦӯӯһ㶼µӣһȻĿתīӣɺ衣
īЦſһɺ裺Ӧýһ硣
һԿ񷭰ۣûôŰԼͳȥġ棬ȴһ۵ĸоиĸоȷܲ
ɺ΢΢һʶĿһһԳ
΢죬ȷҸ硣
һɾ޴ľϲɺбǿҵЦݣšȻˮŽеľţһȵĶԳīȭʩ񣬴еϣСһݣ
˸ֵķʽЩ棬ûϵ˸粻԰Լڵõףɺ˵ֱһĴϲ£
Щ˲ףֺηүĴ˸綼ͷˣϣ˭ֹܹүȢ
īЦŽɺһӡ󣬻ǲġ
ɺȲʵ磬ܹնҪĻն񣡷ģСһᱣܣҪ˵ȥͽСԪ
澳ʿԳǿ
ɺ⣬ֱӾͽԷ
һԵĳһĨӨˮκһŮӣһһ˰ˣһҲ˵顣˵ɺһ൱ˡ
īų΢΢ҡͷ磬Ҫնҵ´ȥǿƵ仹
ɺһǿӲ˵˭ҵ鷳˭鷳
΢΢ҡͷҪҲκܵǣ
īһɺ裬˵Ƿƣϡ

ʲô
ɺȫЩסˣһ͵Ŀųī
ôܣȫš
ɺҲһɻĿųīü˵һۡԶսնԼȻʯŽ˻ҵءִӻҵشѵڻҵأӵŷƣ
ҲһȵĿųīˣǻ𣿡
꣬ӵŷƣҲǺѡЩһֱܵǵİΣ
īͷ˵ҵȷǣңһǴͨڣǶܰȫҲûն񡣰ҵһЩѣûնҲͬĵǡ
Ҳ˼Ҫˡųī˵ҲϣΪ£ǣȥ
ɺЩ˵̫ˣ̫ˣǿڸϣǾ԰ȫģ磬һҪܺơǧҪʲôһҪӡáȻĻˮ̫ǻӦġ
İɣһᱣܺīͷӦ漴ɺ裺ˣͬһͨ鵱УʿֱǡèţѩԺͺʲôطɺûа취ҹе飬һġ
ǣɺһ£Ȼ˵еѣΪƺɢˣǰǽһãӦҲûġӣӦҡ
ʱųīʶǣ
ʶǡī˵
ɺһ𾪵ĵǣ顭ķˣ
ôͨйȥûйƵļôһءī˵
йأ̫ϡˡɺ˵飬һ˵ǲܷģӦУÿһ飬һ棬һӦԼ̲صܣҲֻشġ󣬶һԼļ⡣
˵˵īɺ裬£Ҳ̫ˡ
ӦǸֻйصġɺٺüͷ˵κ飬ˣʵֻһǣͨ˵ǵģЩ飬Ҳǣһһǡ˵ˡ˵顣Ҳʺ顣תֻصʱǣֿҲΪʲôЩ˻תΪ顣˵һˣһܻΪţȻ漰ŸµĴҶ˽ĲࡣԿ϶һ㣬ûκ飬תֻصʱ򣬱ĻǡΪһ֪֮
֪֮īЩɻĿɺ衣
ԣ֪֮ɺһ˵˵һתֻءôһ̣֪ȫǰ֪ԼǰһУ̫֡ˣܴ˵תһ㶼ὫǷֱֿ뵽Ӧ浱СȻУһģһˡΪǵĻǣԭһģԣһʱ򣬵ǵĻ֮󣬱һָӦоϻһԼ
īȫЩȷ֪ʶ̫ˡҲǣһˣԺ
ЩҵƲ⣬ţҵƲ⣬Ӧӽġɺ˵ΪоЩ˫ͨļءһ˵ּ棬ֿܡ
ɺ迴ˣһ֣Ҳһ֣ڶ֣ںϣ˼棬ֱӲɿܵΪһ塣Ȼ֣ᷢںϳɵһˣûаΥ͸УƺǱӦһˣ֣ల£Ϊĸ塣񡭡ţ˫ֵ̥һģ
ҲоīĿƵĿɺ衣


1608 С˲
ܣ˵Գī˵ͬޱҪԳ˵Ҳһ
Ϊȫ̫ˣš
ڻûϵڽվӰġ
ǣԶĴڵ棬ԶҪ뿪ԶҪ档
ɺ˵̸϶оֻһƲ⡭
˿̵ɺ裬·һԨߣޱרעһԵĳ۾һգգĿɺ衣ƽʱɺƤЦòС˿̣Ȼûע⵽עӡ
īаͷΨרעľ񣬲ӵиߵĳɾ͡
ɺ˵Ұ£ֻشϵͷһر˼顣Ȼûȷ֤ݣۣǿԲοһ¡
īͷָ̣
ɺҲֺô˸£˵ڵһ֣Ҳ𣬾ҶЩصϸоһͬ㡣Ǿǡ˫ľ磬ʵ̫ˣϸ΢ǳӽȻֻһС㡣Ĺؼ㣬ҲҵƲ⣬Ӧ˫ڳɳУĻ̫ƣӦһģһ
ô˵īʵ
㿴Ҹո˵飬ֻصʱܴȫĻȥֻأ˵תΪˣԭǣһǣһһǡںĳɳУὥģһġΪĸϵĽ²Ϊǡһ൱Ĺ̡ңÿˣԪ֮ǰǵġܶһܲһ룡
ɺ̧ͷһ۳˵мһֱûж˵
һ£ɺ裺ʲô˼
Ǹʵ͵͵ֻشĻǡɺЩΣ̫ҿĿ⣺ûʲô⣬ֻ֪ǲΨһǸĳû⣬ǧ
ɴ۾ɺ裺ֻش˵Ļǣ
ķӦɺˣһĿųȻֿųīʾ⡣
īкЦûֻɺԼҰˡ
ɺûش𣬶ʱŭˣأ
ʲôɺŵһ¡
ī̲סаЦ˵ֵܣԺ󻹲ñѾͷԵģīЦ˵û㣬ֻش˵Ļ𣿡
ŶŶŶˣһΪˡɺ˿˵ǿԣô⣬Ҳ˺üΡ˵ţСĿų
ЦõĵϽ˵ôС㣡
ţ㲻ͺã˵˵ɺȷųû˿Ȼ˵ĻǣҲ˵ڳīڵУӦûһӦԼ

ϣ¶һĨȻı顣Ȼī໥һۡĿ˸Ŀɺ衣
ɺ豻һôˣǲ˵ʲôˣ
ûûУ˵ĺܶԣⱾ£ѽīԵĳ޵
δĴ˸翪ڳޣɺʱһ⡣
ʱ򣬳һ˵ˣⱾԺãҽã֪𣿡
ɺæĵͷʲôӦ˵ԳīֱҪмˣ
Ϊīĵһ쵱У֮Ĺϵֱͻͽֱһġ
ιɵЦϽ˵˵
˫ԭ򣬾˵ڳɳĹУߵ·޵ĵȫ̫ˡԻǵĲ㣬Ҳ൱ơһ˫֮󣬱Գ塣ֶԳ壬ᵼεĵײײκξ硭Գܵġԣɺٴν״̬٩٩̸
ڶ֣ںϡֱȽϺýͣ˫ڳɳĹУûмԵĻǡֻĹУǿԭеĻǡȻĵҲͲ󣬿϶Ǵڵģɺ˵͵£˫Ļǣ˻øǿ֮⣬ûκı仯ô˴һ˫ĻǱ໥ǣ˫ҲΪһ壡ȻǳҲǾ޽СЩ飬ȻҵƲ⣬ҲǺ˵˵һݵġ
˵֣԰ãָҼЩϿӦġӦˣÿˣĲȱٵЩǡȻĵȫͬߵ·Ҳȫһңȫĵﵽ״̬ͬʱǵĻǶǳˣҲӽԲ״̬ԣˣ֮󣬲ᷢκβ顣ͬʱҲΪԭһĻǣ˴˼ָͨоҪ˫ֵ̥ܵϵĹҪ׽
˵֮ɺ迴ˣϴżС⣺ҵĽͣ𣿡
ԣȻˣīֱӳ޵Ȼ˵Ʋ⣬ܸоӦӽһֽˡ㿴ҡҵĻʲôģ
Ϊ֤ܶݶһīԼҲǳ£Ǿǣǲ
ɺͷӦȻ΢΢˫ۣ˫ֿʼӡһε𵴣ɢ𵴷ǳ֮ᣬīҲĿɺʩܶٸӦһ㡣ȻĻûһĸӦ
ɺ۵һһѪҡҡ׹ʱѳīͳһһǵĿɺ衣
ûû£ȿȡɺһԹĿųīҿֻһƬɫ׺㱻ҡˣ
ɫ׺ī΢΢һüңԼڶɽٵʱһɫ硣ЩǸĿɺ裺û뵽
㣬Ҳû뵽֮ǰκ飬û顣Ҳ˵֮˭һۿġɺᴭϢţ˵Ҵҿһ̫ϣҲδܿ㣡Ϊֻشⷽ棬൱ǿ
΢΢üЩۣҲ̫Եıֳ˵ҪҪϢһ£
ɺЦûû£ܵĿ졣
ī˵û¾ͺá˵Ļ㿴ĻǣȻٿλѵĻǣǲǾͿԵóǼ֮󣬻鷢ֽˣ
ɺͷ¶ټأҵûдĻ϶飬ܺҳԡǲɵˣҲˣۿᷢʲôЩˣǸѣȻôʡǽйǿԵģ
һһ侲˵ǰѻ˵ˣȻԼѡ񡣼ǲţԼзȨһɣ
īɺ໥һۣû˼ԼĻȻҲûʲô˵ˡ
ɺվʱίһ£һʱ䣬ھȥţ϶˸Ǵ˵ţɺֱӷĳȥˡ
ĵңصķһֱš
īһ۳С˲


1609 Ұ
һ۳īɫԴֽߣ˵ң˵˵ɩǵ顣˵˵ǵ֣ҿϲʶǣ
ī֪ŮӺߣҲûмȤ˵ɩӣһ꣬壬һˮ׻ƴˮҵĵŮ
ѽȻһ壡ţ˵壬ǵ鶼Ϊ߰Ӳͨ顣ꡭ֣û˵϶ûУܱ翴۵Ůˣ̫ܲҲҲһءЦ˵׻ƴˮҡˮҸǳҹϵܺãҡû˵һˮġ
᲻ֲһأīųûֿܣ
ҡͷӦûУɺ˵ֻءȺܶۺһ𣬲һ˵ҵɩӣ˵
īЦʲôֻҪҵǾͺá
οĺˣࡣʼվãԷδǻž޴Ѹ뵽еġΪɱĻӦֿǵڣӦö˵ġ
īԳͬġ棬ȷܴԼľ֡ۺûھУֻܱӵĸоҲô˸еġ
ӵŷƣǰĳǲնȥ񣬸ԭ򣬾ǲԼĲնȥ
ȫޱȵγī֪ڳīǲκΣգǿվǲϲġ
ī˾̸ԴС־
ȳīǸӿľľԼ̫ˡ
ҴСߵģĳ׻ƴʱǳҵĹˣңΧת˵սľ飬˵ûУĺ
򣬻еЩˣҲܳ谮ң磬ʥ硭ǶҶܺã⹫;˾ǣ͸˵ˡ
ͼʥЩϤ֣īֺĸоԼϤˣȴһС
Ҹʥ֮䣬ܶأҪɱҡīЦŽ˽ʥ֮䣬һЩԹ
Ŀɿڴֱ
˵Ȼͬϸ΢ȴźܴͬġҵսͬҲõġʱĵĽȻĻ˶ңңҡվһ죬һȥһİĻվһ죬û˳ңʱô죿
īͷԳ̬˽⡣
˵ҹԼŪúܳ󣬽ʱ䣬ֱӳһɣ
īһ棺һ꣡
̲סŰۣôеûеĸ磬˵Ҳ˵Ȱ裬ԶսҲʲôвпᣬʲôŽɱ¾ԭųŽĲʲôԶսֵطɱӿ룬ֻܴʮǺǣǷ̣֮ء
īЦʮľţ˶һ
ǰֵˣŽĿֱֲ伫ֶܾ֮ã£ͨеļŷֲĹϵǽ˵޹˵ʲôͨʷֶϲ㡣ҿ˭˭ɾ󣡡˵
Ҳô룬Ҫ²̫ˡͨе⼸壬ûô׺ī˵
ʵҲδأ㿴ɺ˰ɣˮһɫ콾֮ǰһɤӣ㻹ǵ𣿡ųīʵ
ī룬̲סЦŵʱˣ˵ˮ˵
㲻ú𣿡Ц
е֣ͦ͵ģԼīʵ˵
һҵ˼˵ѵ翴ЩһԷ£û̫ͬС
ī̾ϢһҪףɵãǵҲɳվǼȵߡû˻׵ĴԼķ롣
еġ˵֪ˮеһ棬Щģһ룬ǹ֧ӵŷƵģȻΪʱôӵô˳Ҫ˶·ӣԣûһ룬ǹ֧֣
ôīЩ֡
һϵ飬ȫ̫ǿˡڷϵǰЩճһԼûºܵĸоָоԽ˵Ǻܵġ̵ǣôǿ飬ȴɣЦߣһ֮ʵľġɵĿ϶Ҫܶ档ҲΪʲôڵ棬ūԵʡ
ڶϵʿЩ˵ãֵҵֵ顣֪ģˣ඼Ѫġǿս飬ǿߣǿӢۣûκ˱ȣҲڿġԣǶԷϵ飬ͬģⲢؼġ
Цؼǣơ޵ģֻ˵档ȻϵЩ飬һɺǿܶʵҲҪ˲šû취ǶзƵƿСһΨһ⣡ΪշǸ쵰ˣ֮ǰҾڻɣǲǱӵ˳ȡˡˮ弫ϡڿȷô¡
ųīۺϼɣˮҲãҲãдһϲ񡣡
ī͹ű˵ּɺ̬ȣҲЩţܵȷ˵ĻҪʵǸĿĻ˵ϣġ
˵ʵ壬һ̬ȣǱȽϿݵġȥѹΪǿ֦ɢҶõƬɭֶԼҵģȻĻֻйһôٴܵٷꣿ
īͷ
ԣ棬ʹпΪˡ磬ǻͷһȺˣһɣʵ뷨ˡɺƵǰ棬졣Ⱦϸ嵱Щһ콾־ͬϵġȻԷϵЩʿΪնǵ񣬲ǶܹЧҡֻҪ֮һͻֲܿˣ뵽ʲô飬Ц˵ʱ򣬸϶裬ŭҪѹǣȻǻͻȻ֣ѹǣʵ͵ڴѹԼҵˣ
ųīЩ˷ܵĵԣֻһֿܣǾǡЩ壬ݺѪ̣ԸԸ⣬ֻܽĴȻ󣬸ڱ󣬲ٿһСȫҪ档ʱǾͿ˷ˣ


1610 
īЩĿһ˷ܵãԽ˵Խף̲סˮȷڱƿסȫ֣ǵȵ³һ죬һ߿黹ûɵʱ򣬾ѾԼ˸ˣȻЩ׷ɱ
һĿųīҪأҪأҪأ
һ˵飬Ŀųī磬ȻǸոռ棬ҾãҺܶ㡣Ĺ̫ˣκ飬ͷңʲôһֳĴܸʲôǹġʵǲеġʲôʱ򣬶еͨġϣĶʿɷϣؿ㣬Ʒи߽֮ˡͬˡҲӲȱ٣
һȻųīԣֶεʱ򣬾Ҫã¾ͲҪСڣҪ̡Ӯˣǲõģ
ī̲סЦ֪𣬴ôƱ˵ġ
˰ɡһ۳īⲻǺƣʵҰɣ磬Ѿ֪ˡϵĵжءҪҵɩӣҪԿǸ֪ǵѵͨˣҪ׷֡Ҫλ
û˵ָָֻ֣졣
ˣ㻹кܶҪǣҺ飬ߵѵ飬ҵ飬кܶ˵顣ԣҪѵӷֳһ֣ǡʲô鶼ԼڿġЩ˵˵УĳʱءȻΪʲôô׽ȻΪʲô
ī¶Цݣİɣʵûôǿ˷ֵȻٺòˡֽ飬ҾûǺúһ˵ɡ
òףЦеĿųī
īͷҾӦòô棬ĲӵĶνϸеӵܡҪڽøɵѡ˵ʱ򣬾ͱҪѡЩĵճӵܡң̫͡һܱ֤գһ˵Ĵڣ
ϣ¶һ˿صЦݡ˵棬ͷβҪ档£Ұɡȥܣҿ϶̫С£Ҿãҿ϶ܹá˸磬ӻҵǱ߻ģҵǱߵ飬ǲֿʼˣ
īųе㿴Ѿͷʲôˡǵͷǵģҵе飬Ӧúܿͻ
ǣһսʹ⿪ʼˣ磬һὫһϵ䡣ͷʲôȥʲô浽ҪʱֻҪն˵ˡ̣ҾԻᱣ֤İȫųīһ£ȨⶫҰ𣿡
īҡͷûУС
̲סЦЩߵĿųī˵翴ͿΪʲôҪ˵
˵ţϵһ䣬̾һ̤ԶսʵǲȥΪһᱻġҪվߴҪΪŮǱԶǸѾͷ
ĳɢǰž޴𡣵īƺһ㶼û֣֮ӦʵһʼܴӳиܵǹǿҵĲµ
û뵽֮ͨȴ֣ԼȻһ棬̸ʲôŮΣܺúһŮˣһɺһˣûκҰģҲûʲô˼ȥһϲйĹӸ硣һֱϲңʵҲǲġڽ֮ǰҸҴӦΪȫûκԱҵ˼߬š
˵ᣬīȴܸоǹɱˡ
ǣڲһˡųīҸ֮䣬ӦܸоûҰĵģУԸһ·磬Ϊ֮ûУǾãվߴɣҲֻӵҿеıܽ⿪еܡܡΪļ壬𣡡
īĿų֮Ӧϵķǳܣ֪ⷬﻰ
ͬĻӦøκ˶û¹ҲֻǰĴ󵨵˵
ΪǣȻ׽˴ˣΪǣԷ
īЦվߵǰᱧڻȻ˵ҵСҪŮģȻȫ֧ˡ
˫ۣ§ųīȻ󣬿ĵڳī˰죬ŷſīһȭͷ
ҪҪն񣿡īųʵնˣҲûʲôϵġ
Уնһࣺڻʱ򣬲ܴݾߡʵ֪ԺУʱˣӰ쵽ٶȡûϵҪܳʱ䡣ڣҲҪ̫ߵľ硣
Ǻðɡ֣īͷԼģǿƣҪҪ㣿
𣬷ƣڸţ˭˵ȼǡȻȥһɺ蹵ͨЩ飬ģ϶֧ҵġ֧֣ǰڵһУ˳չڸ磬ȥ֮󣬾ֻҪһ£רѰλɩɩ䡣Уͨˡ
˵⣬΢΢һ£Ȼ˵Ҫܣţôһ֣Ӧò̫ܾΪ˺ˡ
ãҴӦ㡣ɩӻأҲ̫ȥīЦ
ɺϻ߳īͳ˵Ѿˣ΢ȼûˡ
ɺУ⼸ҪͲҪȥˡ
ɺ΢΢һ漴¶һ˿˷֮ɫðð
īһԿһ治ɺһޱ֮ˣܱһŮŪڹ֮ˡֻܹ֮ôоһˣôܻһ
ǰһĻ˸еǰȫΨһһκκΪΪ֮
ҲͷߵĿɺ裬ҲˣͲҪʲô
ءɺһ˵Ҫôˣƭģôˣ
ǣҪһȫµأʱŸɣҲˮأЦеʵ
ۣ̫ˣôˣһֱûлᣬҡҡɺЩ˼˵Ҳû
īسˣڣǿˡɺСӲǱֻĹ̫ˣκǿȨ˵⣬ǿȨԼҵģҲŲ˳ۡңɺԳ̫ϲˡֱҪѳˡϲīܹԸоϲκء
ֳֻ磬ϳӣļһԺҪԵġ
˼棬Ըָоء


1611 
ī־ǴȨλЩġ˵ô־Զֻ˵־ڴˡ
ҰģǽҲãҲãȻ׽ˡԭīڿǣǽһ˭Ƴȥʺһ㡣׻ƴʱƮ칬һǲĿλáīǹӵˡΪӵˮߡ
ˮǱ߾ôؽ㣬Ҳ̲顣
īҲǹűʵûиʺϵѡűҲǿԵġű̫һ㣬ټҪҲѶȵġ
˳ѡȻȫõˡ
ԣԳī˵һòĽˡһˮ֮У˵ջ񣬾˳һá
ǣ˳һѵ뾭ɺ衣һκһǶȥһľ콾Ƕֻ֮оԿͨдţ
˲ţ˵ʵǿ֡ΪϲϲĲҪҪġҪ˲ž£ߣīûġ
ڣʣλߡī׼ʱɺ迴ĻǣȻлᣬɺ迴ʥǱߵĻǡ
ͬʱҲ˫ʮԼһѡ񡣵ʱ򣬴ѡһʺϵİ취¡
èţѩٶȣҪȳīлҪһ㡣ҲܿɺˮеȡȺЩе飬Ȼûһ
ʵˮоݵλܸߵˣСĺš
ɺǺŵʸĲ̫ˡؼǣûҰİһſڣ˶ӵĸԭһǿ󵽱ûκҰģջȨƵˣ˭᲻ϲأ
Щ֪ɺĳЩ˼Ļ϶ֱϧǲ֪
èţѩ澳飬֮󣬻һͷˮءǲ֪Լڼ˴֮ǰǶֵ֪Ҳˡ
֮ܿģȴǸɻλķɺ蹫ӣǶҪʲô
˵һֱڷɺ蹫ߣѵǳǽйģﻯһӢģ΢΢üͷ˵
Ӧáɡèһ˵ǸӦûֽ鰡
ʲôһ᲻֪ˣ״ٻܻȥţһ˵
ţ˵öԣôˡѩԻٷ磬Ц˵
֮󣬵һˣǴǸżطĵ¿ռ׽Ŀˡ
ųīͷųʥӰ澳ȫˡһ͵ĿӰȻɵɵĿ˳ī
ī΢΢һЦ³īλ
ţħһݵĿųīǸӣ
ǿ澳ҲȫһȵĿīǸնĳӣ
¶Ѿ𣿡ī¶һεЦݡ
Ȼ޾Զսն񣬾ܾϷ޼ӱ֮һ˵
˵ǴϢһ𣬱ԳӳĽң֪Ժη֮Ҳڲ²⣬ӦһΪǱߣûһгīš١ûЦ˵
īЦЦ֪µ𣿡
ʥ֮һЩȵĿųīô֪
ī˵ùһʱ亮µء
˵ţīûйӣֱӽʥ֮ԨԴ˵һ顣ȻҲǰλڵУڵĵߴʥֻӡ
ī˵֮λ漶ķ飬ȫ𺳵þþò˵
ãţħ˵Ȼһֱܹ֪ϴһԼȻҲ֪Щʵڵġ飬ķԼһ̣Ǿú档˵ʵҺǸңҲǼǡ
λȫͷǵķĻҲ
˵벻ǸһֵܣҲ
īЦ϶лġڣ׼ɺ迴һǵĻǳɷ֣ǾΣ
ոճīѾǽһ¹ɺƲ⡣
λȻͷӦǲֲ֪ô飬īڰǡô꣬ô߾磬ҪҲǰ׻ˡ
ɺųһˡ
λ濴ȻٿīȫֻȻĸоаѹָոտīַǳϤĸоؼǳīϵѪ̫Ũγɵǹɳ򣬸ȫͬһʱҲû뵽
˳֮һ۾ܿˣֱ̫ˣ
ɺҲûзϻֱӿʼʩչֻشĻǡ漴ĻǼϣȻųīͷ磬Ѿˡ
磿
ȫЩ͵Ŀųīɺ衣Ȼٿƺһʲô
ɺ迴ųīȥһ˲׹ųǡ¡еȲ
ϣգϰɳգеգ޵ɳաɺ֣һѧաҲǵյһ֡νϲ֮ǰû뷨һ̶뿪ڼĻ֮󣬶ʱһҪȷͽµͷ
ͷһ㲻ɶơ
ɺ뷨ȻǴֵ֧ġΪҲҪ֪һԼ֮󣬵׻ᷢ顣
е㲻̫ˣϾովԼҪ飬кܶҪɺֲ֧Сɺһߣʱ϶̡̫
īųЦ˵£ҲҪ̫ꡣںܶ˫۾ڶǣԼͼı¶ȥ
룬Ҳ׳ī˼ȻչһЦǺðɣҾʱˡһķҲûܶҲ
ɺ迴ųȵ㲻һȥô
һ飬Ҹȥʲôһɺ衣
ɺ˵ȥű̸аҪ飬ǵϹűּһô
һĿɺ裬ȻһĶͷôû뵽
īҲЩһںɺ裬ĵһ￴еûûΣֳ棬ʵȴ𾪡˸о裬Ϊһֱ̫ˡ˶ȫ㾯֮ġ
ֲĵطɣīаԸһֱ״̬ˣһҪ˼ǽһѡ
һȺֱӶλ棬ʱһȻɺųīһȻǰ׹ųǣ
ں˲²⣬ǸֲˣôġһŮӣôһеġɺ֧֣ҲûйеĶճŰݷ
֪һںûмصĲ׹ų֮УǸֲˡ㡣


1612 ˸
񣬺ǸֲˣʵֻһʵĳΡǸδâҫĳŮ桭ʵҲûرĶ
Уǳ֮ͨĵһϵԶš˵ҪߣҲе˷ܡüż¶һ˿СŮģ
ܶ澳ʿӦе࣬ȫͬ
˶˾ĵĴ硣Ǵرǿȥǳͨɺȡָīͳÿһ
ñ˶ǵĸֻ֪ͣڴʥǸΡܺõһСɺЦԼƳġ
㻹īĲܹӦⶫȻһ
˭ɺһܼ򵥵ı顣
īЩ˵Ҳԣ־ʿ϶󡣵ǣܲƳӦķͺ˵ˡ٣Ʋ־ɵС
һԿЦģһġ
պУһֻɢ޾Ϣ澳۷ס
ⶫĸ˲࣬ǳªͷûüëµƤҲǳֲڡֻ˼ƤƳɵ·㲻ϵĶǿ߲ܽ
ǼƤϣɢ澳Ϣ
ԲˣɺһȵĿ顣
ǿɫࡣ
īû˵ֱ߱Ӿͳȥ
һѪɫâնһֱۡ
໺𣡡
ͷ鳹ŭˣɢǹɱϢӺ嫣Ҫᣡ
īһնȥ
һֱҲˡ
໺𣡡
һĹâƬնסʱ䶼ƺˣ
嫵ɽ룬ֱӻһ޾ıԭ
ɺСģͬʱȴòȥΪǹɺ䣬·Ҫǵ궼ᡣ
ҧҪǰ壬ȴɺһ˻ȥҪˣ
硭һɤӡ
սĽ̫죬īֵٶҲ̫죬ܹסġ
䣡
īϣȻ䱬һɾѪѪһ̫ӵ㽫ĺɢ
Ȼ󣬳īֱն
꣡
һĹͷ
ª飬ֱӱīһ롣
ǿֲԪҪѣȴ߱ϵɱ⣬ֱӸĥˡ
ֲĻȫϣҲһĹ
սͽˣ
īһָۣϣҵһöָþֱӱƽ⿪һרŴõС硣ļƷԴѻɽ
ջ񡣡īһ䣬Ȼֽ⽥ԻķϱƤ
ЩҲǱ˷ˡ
˿ٿⱻķ飬Ȼһֻ˶Ҫһֻ¹һĶԳԳԣ󡭡˰ɡ
īЩϧĿһ۵澳۷ѪҺ۳һƬѪ
ֵطδܼ궼û澳µܹˡ
ѪеġʵֻðˡīҲףе񱡣
Ǿأһ͵ɺһ𺳵ĳˡ
ɺ迴ųī磬սȻôֲ
īһɺ裺ս˭ᰡ
ɺ裺
ֱӲЦޡ
˵Ҳǹˣձɺҭһ䣬תͷһᱨˡ
ɺҲֻͷٺɵЦֹ˵ţָҳǸԨеĴʬ壬ʬѪųī磬ⶼǺö澳۷飬ʳûǼƷ
Żɫ԰ףֵĿһɺ裺Թֶ
ɺƽԺɵѽı飬ϳԼԹⶫͷҡεĸ˹һûûУҲ˵ġ
öģ
ţԶԶԡɺһ˵ʲôԵӣ۾ȴǳᡣ˵ﻰ治һֱ澳۷ķ飬ʲôطˡ
ϵÿһ硭Ǿ
ī̲סЦ˵ȷϧɣɺ裬ɣоãȻĲ¡˵أ
ɺ赱мĿһ۳ī˵ҵ״˸簡æɴķӡֻ澳۷ʬȻСЩѪϵѪˮ
һĵı飬ġ
īһ˵ⶫҲһ·Щ飬ʮа˾ŶҪ꣬ҪӰ졣Ҳһ¡
ΪѵĵͷǺðɡ
˼·һΣҲãɺҲãδȫϣɺ豾֪Щ飬콾սǳǿ󡣵ȴûīôֲġ
ֻӲһ״̬ڶʢڵ澳۷顣ûԷ̫෴ӦĻᡣ
ֻΣŵЩ澳Ƥ֪һͷڳīǰȴ·òһ
ɺԸݣǳУҶⷽļǿһˮеЩǿߣһͲ˵ˣǿġǳīĶ֡ЩϱǿߵУȻҲûҳһܸī澳ʿ
ȻˮӴ澳ʿкܶҲûֵġۺͼһ£ɺֱӾ͵óһۡˮͨͬʿûмܴùī
Ȼ󡭡ȴҪȢá
뵽⣬ɺвңԳ氮а㹼Ȼһ˸硭Ծ͹ܵġ
ȥ·īѡһΪȫ뱩¶١ȥͬһ·ô˵ͻᱻʲô˸ϡԼ鷳ɺûҪ鷳
ԣȥ·΢ЩԶͬʱ飬ҲҪʱ·΢һЩ
һ·ϣһͨʱûóɺֹ澳飬ȫīԲˡеģ˵ͷľһȥ
ȻɺˣֻںŴɨսͿˡ
һ·ϣָԴֱ˼ɺ赽󶼷ˣֱ˸䣬Ȼ档
ˮ壬רŵŶӣ¡ÿһŶ棬ٶʮϵ澳ʿãʮʥ档һȡЩԴҲûһµջࡣУЩŶӾˡϾֶﲻ޺СޣǶһͷ͵ģԴСĸ壬ҪмˣЩϺ͸߲㣬ζҪЦѡ
ЦͨҲܳҸˣˣ
ɺͷðɣԼһȻǶɷ
ԣҪģ˵һ档
īǳ˳飬˵ԼãһҰļҰԼһ֣ҲеͷۡھЩͨЩеˡ
Щ߸ϵĹ壬ζ벻Ѿ˸ˣ˱ضҪȡͳԽĿꡣ
һʱ䣬īڻص˲׹ųǵĵؽ硣Ȼϵ˹ű
֪īűǳģͬʱҲڳīĸ֪£ܵ뿪˲׹ųǣīˡ


1613 Դǽ
֮󣬹űŵ֪ųīһģȻɺˮ
໥֮󣬹űųȻֿīҲɵøе档ˡֱ̫ˣ
СʱʵǻǼεġɺ迴Źűǵʱܸһˮĳ϶ͷۡ
űһɺ裬˵֪ǸʱĻ£һ룬ڱɣ
ҵɺ赱ϣ飬ɲСѾͷģ۶࣬ҴСϲоԸƻʲôģһȤûС
űǺЦЦһŽֵı顣
Ц˼䣬˶Щ
űȻֳī˻ȴ֪˾ɽˮġ
ܹһʱ䣬Խ޾˵϶зǳҪ顣
ʲô飬ֱ˵ͺáҶԳӵΣûκαġҸ֮䣬ҲõĽáɺ蹫ȻûȻһҾѡšڳ͸˵ˡǵһμҲĿʼ
˵ˣűֹĹԲ
Ȼɺ裬Ҳ
ʵ֪űⷬǿ׻ǳ滰
ݵλʲôӦô˵ʲôӦҪüġܹһøֻ˵һ⣬ǾΣ
ԵΣ
ɿһ۹ű֪绹ɩӵġǰλȥƺԸ硭Ҳôһ˼ѽһ㣬Ǻܶ࣡
űϲҸ磡
͵͵һ۳īȴֳīϣûҲϲűı顣棬ЩˡеűϧͬʱҲԼ翪ġ
ֻ˵̫˼˰
һ£ҪС㡭
ұͺѡű΢ЦŴϡ
ţһ£Ҫ˵֮ǰҸѾ˵ǿεġźۼ˹űһ£ű˫΢죬Ȼ˵ҪһһӴ󵽿Ըй忹δĳ죬ѹȫĹ壡
żɽ
һ㶼ˮģ
һˣеܲ˳ֱӡ
űԡ
Ϊһˡ
ҲΪʵҲͷī˵
ԣűȥȣֻ΢΢üųʱ𣿡
˵ǲʱԶ죬ʱԶ֣ΪЩ塭޾һһֱиɻô
Щиɻű΢΢ҡͷһ۳ֿһɺ裺ɺ蹫ӦҲӲ嶼ǿǵǿЩճӵܡ֪Ҳû취֪
ɺͷǵģǶ֪
ԣʣʱô˼֪ʲôʲôĻóʲôж֧ǵġű˵ţһһԵĳī
īͷ
űʱˣ˵ţҲ˵Ŀǰ̣ԹӸУϯЩֵǿ飬𣿡
ֻ֮һԹűЩǿƵ⣬ķӦܴȫûбס˵Щ飬ֻǻѾ̫ϵ飬ϰ̫ķ֮һ񡢰˷֮һʮ֮һĺ˵ѾЩ塣ҲѾϰ涥
ȻƾʲôܹΪǵĻأűҲ˲״̬ΪóʸΪĶֻǻ飡
ΪǵУʼջֲʵšһ죬նЩû˻ܾȻն֮ǷԭĵطǾһˡһЦһŵĵһ£Ҫˣ
أűʵΪʲôҪŹޱĵճӵܲȥһתͷԼأ
ʵűĹһֱ˼ɺһסֻ˵Щ̫ӴˣȻǵճӵܣܵƺͳҲ̫ࡣû񣬵ǡʵҲǲɵģ
ԣǺЦţ˵Ҫʲôֻ֯һˣһȥ൱ɢˣɢʲôزأɢκιȻ£ҲֻЦǺǵ䣺úø㣬ҪСӹҼһԣҪЩǣûκҪѹ˼ùǣ֧ǣ
ˣűУһĨʡ֮ǰЩǿƵҲʱǣ˼ƺʼĿԡ
īʱɺˣȫһ໥Է񣬶ο
£ʵ֮ͨĽ棬ڽ죬ˣȴȫġ￴˰ŮĽ档У涼̲סеšѾͷ̸ֱˣ
ûãȥմ˹ű
˵ĻӦкַܶʽȥĺ˼ˡűʱ̧ͷųһţ
ɫ΢죬ƺЩ˼ʵȴ⻵ˣţԶԶԣǵǵǵģ̫۹ˣͳͷҰһ¸Ҹ飡
űȻѤö˵磬˵ȷ̫ˣÿ嶼ǣľҲȡ˼̫ĺĵճӵܣӲԼӦеֲ췴תͷԼŸɡ
ɺһ仰ؼǸɲ
ͣ
һԲЦˡ
īϰɺ˵ķ
űɺûô죬찡ʵӡ̲סһɺ裬Ʋ˵岻һôϰо
ʵʵ˵ɺίĵ
ȷΪɲȻĻ²֪ˣ췴ˡű˵ţԼ̲סЦ
һӴĹ壬ǵճһһ˵̫֡ˣҲ̫ࡣҺܶͬΪճӵ֮ĹϵҲŵĺܡи˼ű˵ţ̲סĵܹܵŶǾһʮӡ
ʱͬĸĵܵܣ֮䣬ȴûаԡ
ǵģڹ˵ʵӵ췴ҪŻҲӵġΪ췴ЩܿͻᱻѹŻЩҲûмվȽŸġԣӴĹ壬ͬһ޴ĵ۹ЩС£ȫ⡣ɺ赭˵


1614 ޴Եְ
ɺĶκνĶ˲ٰ㣬ȻĻˮһһˣᱻôϿɡһˡսǿ٣
Ƕʱֵ֪ƿأĵķ˽⣬ɫҲһ֡
ܿ죬űͿʼų̽Ҫνķ
µˣϲˮģԥԥǶʶ¿һϰտõʱǾͻֱӸ֮ж
īһ˵£Ӧǳˣ
˵ĺôīʵһʼ֪Ըվ̨ǰʵϣǸĺģ˵ġ
ȥҫʲôűҲ˵Ҫһз⣬ȫ
Ůһۣһ죡
УīɺֻĬĬĴӴռֻ澳ޣ⣬õտ
С̸˴ϣȻĸ˿ʼ
óԣűǶµͣһȵĿż˵ⶼŪģ澳Ϊɣ
ɺ迴һ۳ī˵Ǵһ·澳ޣһʼе֡ϵɱ̫ˣеβס˶ܽϢѹƵʥķβסˡǣͼûе澳ޡȻ󣬳Ϳʼˡ
űһĿųīȻɺ裺Ȼأ
Ȼ󡭡ȻȻǸҲѽɺ˵˵ΪʲôңʲôҲǰɣȻ󿪴򣬴ٱ˵㵲סҵ·ˣ㳤̫Ӱ쵽ˡ̫ˣ㡭Ȼ󿪴򣬴
űͰĿɿڴĿųīЩɵģ
ȿȡīһɺ裬Ȼ˿ھƣЦ˵ôأǶǿҵĵ⵹ġ
磬ǿҵĽ䱸ðɣһɱֱ춯صģˣ˭˲°Ҳ̲סһԳ
űһźѽǵģ´£һҪҡѽ
ȫˡ
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űɴ۾氡ֱ̫ˬˣ˵ģжʱ䣬رȥǶʱ䣬һɯżţһҪһҵһ١
˶̲סЦɺ˵Ҳɹ٣ˣ˵ɯϳƺⲻԶɣ
īҲűɯûҹ鷳ɣ
̽ӣڵѰ䡣űЦ˼ǵء
ѽ£ʱһ˷ܣ˵˵
űһ۳֪Ϊʲôôô
ɺҡͷ֪˵ӦáûôõĹϵŶԡ
һ˵ֱ˵Ҹ֮ԭӦǶĲˣ
űЦŵͷǰȷӦǶģҺȡһƣһҾˣôֻʮ˸ͨϼ¼һЩϢŵ֪ࡣǻͦʹһġ
˵ţűתô˵㲻ɣ
ûû£˵˵Ǻأһ汦ģ
ѽűЦ˵ī֮Ե֡
ıȺ˳ɹˣô׹ųֻܼ֮һ޴̯ӡҲȥʰЩļ塣Һгӣӵŷơ˵⣬ű̲סЦɺ裺Ǵˮӳλ
㲻ýͣҶ֪ɺһƣоһ㶼ʡԼܳȥˣȴ˼ˮġ
ǺǣһҵеĽ׹ųǼɯ֮ıƻˡ£͵ڰһæű˵
Ѿ֪һЩīľɺīű˵ϸ飬̲סһĿųī
ĵҪվǰ棬ΪĿǸˣ϶øã
˵ģһҵеķ飬һ󽫾ȻܹĸԸĸڸߣ;Կ˾°ˡ
ɺҲ൱ͬʱǸĿĽҲܸȤ
ű˵ɯɯǧ׹ųǣָ˵Ҫ׹ųеǼ塣ǵȷҪôҵ棬ȴڴҵЩҲҪģȴ֣
˵ⲻǴҪ˵˼Ҫǵ棬£ܻΪʷٵĳңҪ޾һӶϴˢһ죬ܰɯˡ
ǰʱҾѾ¶ģڵҲҪ򵽵ףűʱĳЩ꣬һԱߵĳīǸʱֱӳһնɯһֱۣȻšͽɯֱӿסˡǿɯǱ
£īûɺͳ˵ôϸȻĻе㴵Լɡ
ҲǵһϸڣͶˡȳīһ澳۷黹𺳡
澳۷ķ飬ս϶ǲͬġ
һ磬ͬͨͬķ顣ʥʥߵ澳ֲΣ飬дԵõĶžһ㶼ͬʿĶˡ
ԣīһ澳۷ķ飬ǿǿȴһסɯ˴ǿҡ
ɯ˭
֣ĳ̶ֳ˵ҪЩļһڸ߲̫ˣ
ϾҪܶ˵Щ֣δ˵Ҫ˵ɯɯǼ˲֪˲
Ȼôͣɺ΢΢鴤лҪ¡
ųīжԸսֹһΡ̫֮£ĻûԼĶˡ
űЦ˵ҵһμӣȴڶΰңͬʱҲһξң
ûôءīЦ
Сű˵㲻֣ҾԻɯġп԰ȫķ£Ҿӣ
ɺͳȫĵͷ£ûеڶ·ߡΪ⣬ǴǴǣ
īЦЦûȥʲô
ű˵ΰңҲǵڶξҡͷɯ֮ҲΣյһΣǿܾãɯɱңƴҲܲΣûгӣҿ϶ˡ
ű˵γīĹ֮󣬳ɺȫסˡ˵
ãĺԶԵְ
ţǾ޴Ե֡ɺһ档
űЦ绨ǿġ


1615 Բ
ԭ˵ɯѰҳīȴһ·ӲīԵȥűô᲻ģֱмɺˣǴ˰Ҫѣ
Դˣīѡװɵ
űҲûм𹥻ĺܣܱƵ̫ˡ飬ûˮɵĺáûҪҪô磬ܶ鿴÷ǳͨ͸ˡСŮ̬ʵϣ澳ʿĸСӣ
ԣűܴת˻⣬˵ī뿪׹ųǵĸֱ仯
˵׹ųķչ൱áűյ׹ųʱֶΣڹڲҲõһƬ
ûʲô˵ģͽУҲʾ
ܰɯˣǹűı£
ܶˣǼصʿǳȤǧټƵҪī˵ĵϸԴˣű׼ӵŷƣװһͨ絽¡ñװһصķشܡ
ڳīһײβľǿߡ
ʵϣҲɯҳīˣͬҲѰ
ž޵ľǿߣĸҪ£ߣҲҿīˣȻĻ·ű¶ݣҲñĲС
ںöˣʱ䣬ǶûҵӰʮ˵ĿУҲòϢ˵⣬űЩźĵʵǹŶһͽն¸ܴȥŪͨ֪Ķ֪ˡҲʵ˷ơ
飬Ҳû취ܶôˣܻ᷸һЩĴ󡣡ЦŰο٣飬߾Ͳٷˡ
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𡭡ȻûԸġںϡҲ²ߣȻҲܽܣȴȻЩ̿֡һеǣȴи˼άиԸǧ򷨹ȫ¡
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˵ţüԲѵԲ
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һ˵̫Ȼδ˵ܸо̫ͬҲǺ𾴵ġҲ˵ǸϿţʱ򣬾δر̫ϾȥժӣƴǾܼһԵ֡ûǼСһһԵɡ
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ȣһܣΣʩ˵ȻޣֻͬشҲž޴ĺô
ʥԲţħʥԲèʥԲѩԴʥԲʥԲʥԲӡԲ
߸Թҵ飬ȫ״̬Բ
ǣ˾̾
ǺӵĻǣΪԵʣǣԲģҡҲɺδϼģ
һû취ĳī֮⣬ӵǣǿģ
һΰķ֣ɺһ˷ܵ˵ȻڻȫȷǳϽҵĹЧȴԼּʣûйͬĻôֿԣѾռ˾ųɡ
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ǰᣬֽ׶ΣҪԵıܣай¶ȻĻڳЩˣһһ˭ܲˣ
ɺ͹űֹճҲ޿⡣


1616 
ԣԣ˶ҪµģͬīڣҲһȫģ˵ȥλ̫𣿡
Ӷʱ΢΢һ漴ͷ˵̫ٲݰ˽⣬ͨĳֻһֲ²⣬ܲҵطҲȷȴǿԳһ¡
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Щ˼ͷ˵ãĲһܹҵͷңҵҲұ֤һᾡ
飬ͺˡīһ˵ҪôףӦýˣһֱ춼ûзı䣬ֻ˵ûô򵥡
ȫͷ
һԺ·
Ͼǳ͹ű˵żһ仰һ¡
Ⱥ˾̸һҹ˵ڶʱ򣬼е飬۵òˡ
ɺҪųˮ壬ǲ뿪̫áɺ裬ȻûҪĻɡ
ʥҲõĽΪɺۣǽгһȻһԼҲᷢκβꡣΪǵĻǣǳײģѾǡ
ֽλ˵ҲһٺòĽ
ȻɺۣҪʱ֤ʱҲûҪðž޴ȥ档
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Ҳ·ˣǸӣӦ飬Ҫȥ
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ллű΢ЦţΪ׹ųǵĳ֮󣬼ֽڼеȨ޺УԭΪֻһģɯƽ׹ųǵĹͺܴ󣬵Ƕã⡭Ҳά˹ԣұһұܵĸ鱨
īţȴƽѾǧ࣬ͨΪĿɲǽһΪ˽ҿپĻܡΪ˽Լλҵǳ
Ҫ飡
ű˵ǰӣҵõһ鱨˵ͨһطΪˮɽׯ˵ǸطԹ൱ءûܹӽǸطƺҲӲͻȻ˳ֱҵ˹ˣ˵ҪȡһЩԴЩԴô߼
˵⣬űųī߼˵Ʒף˵ԴӦþǸʥʿõģԷҪܸߣҪеԴƷ׶ƷЩǺǣ֪ҿһЩϣҶЩզ࣬ΪЩȻҡǸʱҲܹõȥϣӼƷȫĶϡ˵Ƿǳ׬ġǼЩˣЩ졣Խ鱨Ϣ档嶼һʲô쳣ģȷ飬鱨Ϣȥ˵֪ôˡ
űһ˵ôһѣȻųīϢҹƳ֮⣬Ҳ˾ʲô쳣֮ˡʵϢÿ춼кܶġ֮ԾЩ֣ڽʱˮɽׯǱߣߵ˺ʱ˵ǸλСõġ
ī⣬üͷŹűĻӦҲ˵ʲô̫ɣ
űͷȻһͷһ¹ˮɽׯһЩϢһ


1617 ƶ
īŹű
űͷҪɹ鱨ϢܼеĹ壬ȫ಻ȴۺĺܡҲΪʲôǳ˵飬ҴûҪܽеԭ򡣸ɲס˵۾ڵ飬ͱرˣģ׹ųǣȫֶԼƿ֮¡ʲôϢȥ
ű˵ڵˮɽׯϢʱ򣬷ɽׯʷԶ̶൱ˣӦѾԪ
˻
ī̲סһһ𾪵ĿŹű
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һ澳ʿһܻٸԪ
ǲ̤̫Ǹ磬㰾ССļԪ٣աҲֻܻʮԪҰɣʮԪһ澳ľͷ޷ͻƵ£ҪôѡӡԼΪڼġ̡֮һ
ڼٵʱǻᱻѣΪ幱һ˿
Ǹʱ澳ʿǲηġΪ˵ֻǰǧٻǧ꣬ûзֱ
Ҫôͻ취ѡתֻء
ֻֻصĻû˼ǵԼǰ飬ʵҲͦһ¡
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īЦǺܾԶǰˣˮɽׯ֮䣬ʲôϵأ
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ű˵ųīλӣǰЩ걻˴ߵģǾǴʥΪǵˣҲֻ̫Ǹˡˮɽׯ̫أҾã棬һ̫ϵģڣ㻹֮䡭һϵû𣿡
Ǿ֪Ȼ̫ϣԪҲֹģ̫ϵԪԼӦǡһǧԪɣīŹű˵ˮɽׯѾԪˡ
Ϊла˵ʦаѾǧ꣬Ԫ롣Ҳ˵̫ϵԪҲǾԶֵزӦòһǧԪ
űųī̫ϾԻʮ㲻֪
īŹűһԾҡͷ֪
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ҵ˼˵˵Щ̫ϣû֪Ǿ˶꣡űܹ̾澳ͻƵ̫־飬ʵǳУ˵澳̫֮䣬һĵ̰ӣ̰ӡԵס顣ֻҪܹԽ̰ӣֲ̫ΣĿݺˡԪǿѡֻأֻصĸ棬Ҫżй¶һǵھгһԼҲҪǾа취̵ʱ䣬ǰһļ䡣Ȼ̵ʱ䣬һԣܶ澳ʿ˳̫ϣһ̤̫Ͼ֮ǰȫ˵
˵ˮɽׯˣܾܿһ̫ϾĴڣȻֻ˼ʮΣīȻЩ˼
Ҿ²ģΪˮɽׯ̫ˡű˵һܴԪĵطûͨĬĬš˵ʵûôǿûһֲĴ򣬿ͱЩˡܴڵ죿ʵϣκһͨ㳬һǧԪϵĵط򵥡
īЩĿŹűò˵־ʿǿ˿־ĵزܹͨԼй켣
űǿķóī̾ΪֹĸоҲϢУѰеļؼ㡣
űųīı飬֪ʲôЦʵûô棬㲻˽Ϣ鱨ԴȻǻܣ˵ûϵġһ޴ķרе鱨ʲôϢһϱԶܱΪĨǡܻǷ󡣵飬ֻҪ岻Ͳ⡣ڲѯʱֻҪҪĶǱ߾ͻὫصϢݵľʶСͻ򵥶ˡңĺôǣֻҪȨ㹻ôĵκϢǲ֪ġ
ԭˡīЩп˵ȻҪ鵽ű̶ֳȣ϶Ҳ൱ѡ˵ô鵽ˮɽׯͷȥģǿ϶ڲԼϢ֮󣬲ղ鵽ǵġ
ݸǸ޴飬īȻû˵ʲôȴסˡ
ҵĶ飬飬Ĳʲôġűųī΢΢ЦܴȻܴӳī̬Уܵī뷨ųī˵ֻ㾡ҵǡȻˣЩҲҵƶϣұ֤һġֻǾ֮ڹ
Ϣ˵Ѿ൱ҪˣīһмĿŹű
ű̾һȻ΢Ц˵ˮɽׯӦ·̣ʹôĻұɵ


1618 巨
һͨɽ֮УīȻпߣյϢȻͶࡣű˵һȻȫļƶϣò˵ЩϢǳīȫղģ
Ԫǰʹڵһɽׯ޾ϢĳĬţҲûȥǣûʲô˴߳
Ӽʮǰһֱ죬͵˷ָȻҲȻűҳһЩȻйűΪԵʣġȴЩĿ֮
ÿЩ壬һ㶼֡
īҲͨΪʲôЩӵܸҸָڣֱǻ
ɺֵ֣طȻᱻһδ֮ǣ֮ŶԴҪǸôϹڣŭˮ˵Ļͱϱʰˡ
ƨɾģ
ͨĹҲһӵĺ󱲰ˡ¶ͬ飬ܳɱ˵ףˮ˵Ҳʲô
ûĴܳ𣬸ûر׷ʹ¡
Ȼɺ͹űЩУһƱĵճӵܣһˣͷЩŸɡҲû̫ڵµӡΪЩ壬̫ۺˣֺǵСС֡
ȻгһĳɳΪȻҲ𼫴Ĺעڳڣûж˻ǵĸڡ
ǹڳīɺ裬ǹűȫرȫͬīնȥЩѵΪīȫڶҡЩĸ
ӴһҲī
ҲΪЩ嶼̫ӴˣӴЩڲӵȫīһ˵Ĵڡ
ֻЩ̳ˣŻӳīпܰɡˣɺ͹ű֣ܹīһ𣬴һӴܽԼļֱѹסźã
֮ǰī棬ˣ档ǶҪڳɵ·ϣһ㣡
˵ˣˣ
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ĳЩ棬īǿ̫ࡣ
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㹻㣬ű֣൱̵ʱ澳ֲΣǶѵһ¡Ҫϡ̤뵽߲ΣҪģԴģˣ
Щī׵ģȹűɺ٣īһ·Ҫö࣬飬Ҫ
飬ЩˣҪһӴˣЩˣԳī˵Ҳֵüĳ档Խ£ֶΪأ
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һâ𣬳īʧããɽ뵱С
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·ԼǻڹɽʱдȻ󼤻Ȼķһ
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Ϊģ
ˮɽׯƾʲôͨǿƵȻԪ
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Ϊⷨ󣬸һ־棬һѡûκɱ档
ڳīݵĹУԶһӰһȥֻʮ߰ꡣƤЩڣòȴŨü۵ģһֲ
īˢһ˫ۣǸģˡ΢΢һ
ΪϵƷǳǿҲѾﵽ澳ĲΡšīԶԶվסȵİˣⲻӦĵطϽ뿪ɡתߣͿԳȥˡ
áī΢΢һЦ꣺ⷨ󡭡µģ
ⲻʵġһ࣬ЩĿųīϽȥ
ڳī˵ֻϵϢеǿѣ˵ǰӢò񻰵İ׷ӣȴͬһֲħ
û̫ˣҲʮȴûĸܸѹġ
ׯϣǴܲκѹУׯȴһĴڡǰ׷ӣ˵Ȼׯ϶ûȵġȴ˺ܴѹ
ң֪ΪʲôˣִĵᷳС˵Ϊʲôˡ
ī꣬̾һֵܣӦѧú˵С
˵䣬īֱӾͶˣ
˭Ҳ벻īʱ֡û뵽
īʧһ˲䣬͸оãȴûӦһɢϢѪɫѾľǰ


1619 Ҿ֪ģ
Ӷʱֱһ˲Уұһ˫۾ֵĿųī巨ôж磿
ƺңӦ㡣īº͵һЦˣ
˵ţһɿֲĴ˳߱ĵӿֱӽһΪ˲ס
㡭üҪ裡
һжûüʩչͱֱӸѹˣ
ҪǴȥ϶ᱻɽׯ˳Ц
Ĳҷǰѵ˵ǰܹһնԴô򵥡ɢϢԿ˲
ܹоԲҷֱӱīסˡ
һƣŭųīΪһʲôʲô˵ģ
ţҲûϵҲûʲôīЦЦȻüͷ֪е巨
ⷨȷе˼ľȺΪǲⷨзʽ϶粽С
īԷˮͨоʱ̫ˣ󡭡ȫշˮõġԳī硣
īԽо巨еľԽǿҡΪ󣬸һּΪϤĸо
ôأī϶̲ס¶֮ɫ
ⷨ󣬸ѧķˮֱ̫ͨӽˣ
ǽӽͬһԴ
Ȼ˵ֶΣ֪ٱ٣Գīڵ޷һġⷨ󣬲ī
ֻҪһʱ䣬Կһ·ͨĴⷨ߳ȥ
ǣˡ˭
ˮɽׯĽ򣬲ⷨˣֻˮɽׯеĴܡܿܣǸޱصׯ
ڳҷ֮ǰȥһˮɽׯˮɽׯеˣһʱ䣬ȥȡԴֻҪʥʹõĲϡ
Ҽǵô󹫼˵ˮͨǴһΪͨǰλǰų֪¡ٲ󹫼ʱҲ˵ĵвرţ˵Դ󹫼ľ磬Ϳλǳ
֮£īźߡ
ĸоǸӰܾµԤԣ͹ϵĺܶƺҪӽˡ
Ƥڵ꿴ųīһŭɫ˵ֹʲôأϽңȻҪÿ
ī̲סЦˣĵһĺӰûһս鲻˵¡ͬһŰֽĿ˵׵ģ˵ԺҾˮɽׯĹүء
ΣˮɽׯλС㡭˵⣬͵ס죬ȻޱȷŭĿųī㡭㾹ȻҵĻ
Ȼվ̫ɵΪȻ뵽ˮɽׯͨ˵жһգǰô֪ˮɽׯλС㣿
Ǻǣһ룬ꣻһˮˮ˵ûɡīһƽĿ꣬ʵϣУ˿ȴޱȽţ
һҪǴˡǵöʧ
ڳī´Ŀԡ
ΪȻˣѪӳ֡ͨ档ϵˣȻǿʢ״̬
ЩڵֱӾɵˣĿɿڴĿųīȻʸڷϣ˵˵Ҷ֪˵˭
īϣ¶˾ΥЦݡ
ЦݣһȻЦҲһֿĵЦ
벻벻ζ벻
ˮȻˮɽׯҡȻĳˮɽׯλС㡣
߰ɣȥˮɽׯī˵ţֱУȻֱȥ
һĹ򣬳īӰ巨ıԵشе˶ɵˣΪⷨУҲûİ׷簡
⡭⵽ô£ѵ׷ӡҲˮɽׯˣ
ܣ
˵ˮɽׯÿһֻôˣû׷ӵκμأ
㵽˭꺮ʵֻȴԵõ㡣
ī̤巨һ˲䣬һ¡¡죬巨ٶȹڳšīȥǺɽ룬ٶȻָԭһУȥûзκα仯
ī̾һĵԼУƽƽʹˡΪԼķˮͨͬһԴ
ûˮͨ˱棬ԻһجΣ
Ȼ巨󲻻𹥻Ҫ߳¾澳۷ʿҲ̫ܡ
ջǵˮɽׯڲˣܰ˴
ī˵㲻ҵˮɽׯģ
īĿȥǰȻǵ޴ɽ룬ڣÿһɽϣ·ɢŵİ׹⡣
Ͱ׹⣬ʶ޷͸У޷ֱ涫ĸо
ĻīЦЦȻתˮͨʼһǰȥʱػأʱˣޱ𺳵ĿСī˲һĹ򡣱߳ط
ǰȥǳͨ
һƬʿмСͨﻹ̺ͦˮڳīǰ
԰һССͷСͣͷ
ȻһƬϵķݣͷ棬ӳһЩϵľС
ԶһƬɽ壬ɽ忴Ųߴȴһ൱ĸо
طī˵
ֵطͨ൱еġ
ƽ㶮ˮ˶ܸоһıأ
ʲô֮ϣֻһıءĵط֮Ҫö࣡
īе꣬ǳɵˣĿųīҪʧȥ˼
ˣôһ·ͨĽˮɽׯ˵Ȼ̫ǸĴˣûָһʱҲǽģ
Щɽÿһ֣ʵźܴͷ˵
׷˵Ȼƽء
īĿ⣬ԽƬˮ԰һʱ䣬ۿЩʪ
һŹ£һžϸϸж
ˮŪΪʲôͨ˻ôãǶľ飬ǶԴ֮֮ҲȥɴᣬΪȳ嵽澳˵ɡ
ʵϣ⼸ˮ˵ľ磬ֱͻͽ
Ѿﵽ˴ʥۣ˰벽澳ľ硣ٶȣǰǸġ
ǣȻЩԾ·ʲôעȻʶ̧ͷĶ԰
һ˲䣬ʹסˣ
˶ֱɵˣ
Լ˻þգգۣȻٴǱߡ
Ǹˣڣ
ܹȦ졣
ꡭʱһ
һȹˮ߹ʶ˳Ŀ⿴档ȻˮҲ״ˡ
ˮˣˮ׵
ˮ֣ȴ¶ޱȲõЦݡ
Ц绨
Ҿ֪ģ


1620 
仰Ǹڱ棬ķġ񵱳纣ʱһǿҵģΨŻУ
ͬųīˮûôǿҵġǲųīǣһԵķˮµĳɹʷǳͣϾͨ򰡣
ûʣ¶ģȻûֵزҲĲΪīڶʱڣҵطҳɹĴ
ڣīˡȥһɵģĲǴġ
ǸСӣһ·̤˶ϵϣֱԸӵĵز
˲Ϣ䣬īŮԣȻеǺСһšСϵķӡһӾͽ⿪ˡŭһ۸λС㣡
ųīһ
澳Ϊŭһʯ쾪ģ
ˮͣ˲仨ʧɫ
īȴһһȥ
Ȼ󣬺СӾһȥˡֱӵɳȥȻûˣȴʧȥ˻ǳī飡
īſ˫ۣϴ΢Цˣ
Ů̲ס˽īĻУӵһ
ʱѶϳĺܶˮɽׯˣȫĿɿڴվ֪ĿһĻҲ֪ĸó֣Ǹøʲô
ˣǻؼңī˵
ſλС㣡Ƥڵһ㣬ԶٶȳҪٴζԳī𹥻
īһƬյʱ˲Ϣ䱻סƤڵӱڰգһǿȴһҲܶ
īЦЦĿƤڵ꣺ϲλС㣿
ˮɫ΢΢һ죬漴̲סһ۳ī۸ͦġ
ʱƤڵȴǺŵ˵
ʵϣڼλС˽ǰ׷ӻһ˲䣬ʲôˡ
ˮɽׯˣʵ֪λͻС㣬зġҲ֪СӶλС㣬ȷаĽ֮⡣ˣλСķӦҲ֪ˡ
Ƥڵ˵вʣǿλС˽׷ӻһ̣оԼͬߺݺҧһڡ
ŭ֮£ֱԼû뵽ķӦ
˼׷ӵҴѵͱˡ
һ澳ΪˣݺݵĿųīȦȴЩ졣ôһСӡ
īҲڶˣ˵λС㣬ҵӣҪǡ
УƤڵŭûĻ˭ҲλС㣡
ˮɽׯҲڻعųīΧ£һϸųī˵СӣóλС֮Ĺϵ㲻ǡҪȵү֮С
īĵǸүһܴͷڲīж࿪ˡ
ϸ˵˼ңҲض˵ȫҵӣǧΪ˾ǻȥġԣ첻˭ҪңҲҪǵġ
Ǿɱ㣡Ƥڵŭųīȵ
ĻҪһ㣬ɰһЩīһȻˮ˵߰ɣ
ţŮͷԥģ
Ȼˮɽׯ˶𾴣ҲǳṩԴҲġŮļʶȻûô࣬Ҳ֪ЩǲǲжԲȥƽͨ˽Ǵط
ڼī֮ǿ϶Ҫīߵġûκأ
ԼߣѵҪﲻɣ
ʱˮɽׯߣ߳һĬˣīҪλС㣬վ϶ӦôġǵȴȻĻүǻܵ𷣵ġԣһɣʤңô
˻û˵꣬ǱƤڵĻһϣɱ
Ļû˵꣬һ˫ӥ۾㶢Ƥڵ꣬˵ʿɶֹ
ҡƤڵһʣеŭȼգīУԹ
ʱ꿴Ƥڵ꣬˵ǿллʱնҺչˣǵķ⣬ǡǰ㵱ɵ˿
ˮͷûǿԲҪѧԼŮˣǵķ
ƤڵɫǺ죬гˣ̲ס췢һŭȻת˲ʧ
ˣ飬𣿡˿īǿˣңûסˡ
īϼûʲôϢˣֱӵͷҴӦ㡣֪˺ǿǳǿȴη塣
ˮЩŵĿųīͬСġ
Ǳߵ˿Цһ£Ȼ˵룡
˵ţֱӷϸ졣
īһŮŮͷʾġ
īҲܸоŮˮɽׯȷûܵκεŰȥЩ˶ǡҲٵʲôϸ죬վ˶档
˿ųīȻЩпĵӷˣһ統ꡣ
ī˵Ҳ˵ʲô
ضЦЦӳְɣ
īûȡ߱죬ֱһƣˡ
ˣ
һۻ˳ųīֱĳȥ
ӿĴֱݻǿĹˡ
īǿǰѵϡ
𵶣ȻǸľǿߡ
Գīһ˿ҵ˫ƽƣһͬۻƥ˳ӿ
¡¡
Уֱӱһ졣
īȫ˳Զ
īоѪЩڣֱķ˲ѹ궯һѪȻ䱬
˵۾һȵ򣡡
һ֣·̲޾ĴƬ֮䣬Ǹ֣
޾˷γһɿֲĹƣī
īе߿ǳ˲תһɺ嫵˳ųī壬ǿѪУֱӱ
ڳīݺᣡ
īˣ˲Ϣ仯һĸʦ
ÿһĸʦ
飡
غϣֱɱѽѷ֡
·ЩˮɽׯȫһĿţΪʲôҪԳˡ
׷ֲ̫꣬ˣ
ЩһϣҲ˼ҵĶ֡ܵش
Ϊ˵һսү˵̫֮£е֣
ڴ˿̣ȴ˶֣
׷սϵѪҪ˸ʢ
̫ˡ
գۼ䣬ʮغϹȥ˫Ȼڽ񶷣ʵϣԶѽһת˼£
ÿһУַı仯Եĵ׵뵽ȥ
ڣڵʮŸغϵʱ۾һһڳīļͷͬʱݳһɰˣˣ


1621 Сǿ
ţϣ¶ޱ𾪵ı飬Ϊīһֻ֣档ǹɿµ·ǱһբסĺˮȻûͷų˭֪
һʵʵڳīļͷһĹͷ
ÿһ˵Ķ档
ˮɫͱˣһ԰ף촽Ǻ˻ɱ֡
һ̣Уֱ¶ϲ֮ɫ
Ϊ˵Ǿ仰֮󣬾ֱӱ͡Ҳ¶𾪺Ͳ˼ı顣
ʱǲſī֣鰴˵ؿڣһûдȥ
ˮɽׯҲסˣȷ̫ˣΪӲȴɵӡôῴʵϣˣ
ǵеǿߣү֮⣬ǸˣȻˣ
Σ˵ȻֽӲ𾪣ȴһɬĳˡ
ȷˣûйˮԾ£ʮغϣֱӱˡңԷһǻкܴءֱշ磡
ΪһҲ˵Ҫīˣ£ղ
ԣܰˣɬȴò׷꣬Լľл⣺ˣлл顣
īЦЦҲллʱӵչˡ
ʲô
Ҫʲô
ŭʣֱӴ˳īĻ
īһ˫ۣ˲⣬ϣˮɽׯ
ǸƤڵ갢ǿ֪ʲôʱͻȻðɹĽˮסϣ˿̱һɼΣյϢһ˫УҲǷ֮ɫ
һĻЩˮɽׯ˶ŵˡ
ǿʲô
ſλС㣡
ǿ㲻Ҫ󣡡
ǿ
һȺ˷׷׳Ժǳ⡣
ˮǾ仰ֱ֮Ӿͱǿǿķѹһ仰˵
īûеһʱ䱩ŭֻĿš
ȴŭˣſλС㡣
ǶһȺ˵ĶΪʲôҪſǣǿһŭλСɽׯҾϲǣôˣдҶǶãչǣǽȥǻȡԴˮɽׯ˭ԸȥȾǵҰǿȥˣˮɽׯҰǿ֮⣬˭ҶǸã˵ԺҪŮţ˵һλС㣡ǲңңˣ
˱òιȥĿŰǿҾˡ
ǣԶԶԡǿͷҾǷˣ˭ҪҵŮˣҾ͸˭ƴ
˵ţ֮ϵĳī¶Цݣ֣ƺҪһѣȴͬҪ˵Ŀסֻȥ֣վû䵽ϡȴֱ̧ͷīб͹컹ҿ죡
˺ǣīȻƽʵϣʱ˿̣īѾŭˣ
ԭͨûʲôӡ¾޴ľ֣ˣҲӿһ·ջץλӡֶԹ˵ޣҲΪ
ˮɽׯ֮󣬷Ůкúܶ౶īͨ˵ĺ⣬Ѿ˺ܶࡣˮɽׯЩˣûҪɱ֡Ȼոֻ֣ͣ˵ؿڣǻԥ࣡
ڣŭˣ
аǿģʿһٶƣĳ֣⣡ˮ˵ȻٳŮΪʡ
īɱġ
Ҵ˺ǣϲأǿȵǵȴƿУҪ͹ʱǾ͵ΪģҪǻǾͿϽˮɽׯԶҪֻҪҾɱǣ
ǿˣȥޱȵķ
īмţмɰգֱɱ˰ǿ
īȴСķˣһҲҪˮһǿսȻվǰšһ˵һӡ־ˣꣿ
һķƻޱȾ˵ģ
īҲһնûУˮɽׯͬǰշˮͨõģ
īķˮͨͬһԴ
Ҳ˵ī׵Ĺ˲ǿһ
Ǿ͵ڸˮɽׯ׷ˡΪô˵ĺСӣˮɽׯһԱ
ʱȻīȱ𼱣
˵ţֱӴӸ֮£ȻŰǿ߹ȥ
־ҲȰңͷСĶˣǾȻվǱߣҲ̸κ顣ǿϵǹϢӿ
ˮȻѾﵽ벽澳Ϊ澳Ȼž޴Ĳ࣬ԣѹ֮£ŮɫȫüȲ԰ףϢ
վסĿŰǿ£ǹү𣿡
һ仰׼Ļ˰ǿķ̲סƬ̵ʧ
һ˲䣬īѾˣ
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ͻȻ䣬һīУС˵ɵĺ£𶯣ʰ
쳹īľʶͬһף
īʶֻʣһ
ͨˣ
ܴδīȴһӾ֪˶Է˭
ʱİǿͻȻŭҶĹδҪ棡
λС㣬㿼ǹүĸ𣿡΢΢üһ£һĨ΢ɲľ֮ɫ漴رºͣǿˮɽׯǶǿ㳤ĳְɣλС˭ߣߣү顣ţͷүҡ
ҾҪǿȵ˭ҲֹңҲУҽ췹˭ܰôԴˡҴȥ壡ʱ򣬾棬ҲܰôγȥѾʶ磬öˣ
֪ͨѾˣī϶ͳˡǸĺСӡг
һûˣȥʶķ֮ĶˡĻˡҰˣȻͨûлīҲԻὫ׺ɱ
˳־ӦҲ֪ͨ˻ˣǿ̲֮ⷬסеֱ֪ǿˡϾǴСųĺӣʵڲİǿֱ
ԣͼһŬ
һŰǿӣ󲻿¡ϲķ磬ҲûԵү𣿡
ǿЦ־ҵʦ֮һҸл˵Ҳ˵ɾ澳ľţͨжٸΪʲôˣΪʲôһҪأΪֵ࣡ЩûˮɽׯĿ棬ǸͲ֪жྫʣУĿе񣬵ȴĿеү־Ĵڣǣ


1622 Ů
˳־̾Ϣһҡҡͷ֪һ˿ϣҲûˡүٿʣҲݲ°ǿֱѡ˵үһʵˡ
ǿ־ٶֱԼ
̾˿־ŰǿڷſλС㣬µǸ룬үῴڡյϣһΡ
ʵ˵ⷬʱ򣬳־Ķͷð亹ΪүˣүǸˣ޾ˮɽׯû˱˽⡣
ǿջǽһ˿Լˡû־ȫûиܵ־үѾˡ
Ц˰ɣԸһˮɽׯطǾźˡҪߣҪȥҪȥʶ澫ʵ磡˵ţǿĿųī㻹ڵʲôϽȻ˭Ȳ
ʱǰǸˮɽׯϸһĿŰǿ˵ɵӣЮλС㣬һӡ㵱ǻԸĸ𣿡
裬˵ˡ˵ֻҪŮ˱ˣͻߡ϶ϲߣǿ˵ˣҾͷȥȫΪ
飡
һ죡
ǿӣһ£ֱӷɳȥ
ˤʮ⡣
İѾûˣ
һɾ׼µֱӽİͬһֻ۸ըûѪģ¶ɭȻ׹ǡ
ǿˣˡ
ʱʧȥǹǿѹƵŮȫųīɱȥ

Ůе
飡
īΣҲ˲ɡ
УһѪȴվ䵽ϡ
ȻһεϣŮ
һ˲䣬ˮɽׯˣȫڵأӭүؼң
һӰһɷߣǰֻǴ˿̣ߵϣɷ
Ǳû˰İǿ˶״ɵ仰˵ڣӲϵĶš
ʱ򣬹ڵϵ˳־˵ү
飿û־һ˫ֻۣǵŵڵϵİǿ
ֻǱˡͷԡ־˵ţ۵һһѪȴҧ˵ˡ
ߵĿһ۳־ҵķϣԭһΣסû´Ρ
ʱǱߵİǿȻ亿桭ҴˣҴˣһΰɣ
īվǣűסŮһԲǱȥ
ٴһīٴαɣ
Ǳߵˮ̲סе
ߵһ˫УǺ֮ɫȴûȥԵŮĳīǽĿ⣬ڰǿϡ
ǵãո˵Щ𣿡ߵȥƽͣ԰ǿ˵ȴκΣնӿ־
桭˵һΣҪȥܶ𣿡ǿȻҲûôɵô꣬ԸҲ˽ġ֪ԼѾûϣˣ˵ô治Ļôܻԭ
ܶꣿĿҪҵŮѵĳܵļһһԼŶס
䣡
һ仰ʯ쾪
ˮɽׯȺˣ׾ˡ
ǵ֪ԭλС㣬λС㣡
ȻүŮ
̫˼ˣ
ˮҲ׾ˣܴͨ˵ϣܵһЩͬСȴôţͨ˵ġ
ͨݵλΪ磬бҪ˵
īΪ𾪵һһ͵ĿͨˣĵôܣŮܸһ
£ô룬Ҳġ
ڰǿǳɵˣһ仰˵ˡ̱·궼ûˡ
֮ǰЩʲôȻٳŮ
ԭǹŮС㣬ȻС㣡
ˮɽׯ
ͨ˿ȫסˣȻһ۰ǿ޾ΨһһˮɽׯˡЩˡеˣȫҴĹ¶־Ǽָġ
־輸ϱȫʣү飬
ͨ̾˿鲻ģϷ򲢲⡣ֻҪɳͺá
ǿӲдһ㣬ȴ߳ܵˮ
磬ȷܷͬΣաˮɽׯһƬǳ̸ΪǺáٲںǡͨ˵˵
үΪǺãҲϲȥǳһȺˮɽׯ˵
ͨ˵ϣ¶һĨ֮ɫô˵Ϊûԣʵ˼ǡǿ㲻áвҵŮ
ҡҲ֪档ǿૹ棬ΪԼ⣬˵ԼҪ֪Ҳҡ
ҡͨ˿һۣ֪ˮɽׯС㣬ôʲô飬أ
Ҳǣġǿš
ͨȴȥˣһ֣ǿʧˡһʧģˣ˲仯ǵĹâȻʧУײӰ
ʲô˵ءͨ̾ϢһȻһ۸ϣĳīˡһεı飺ˣʲôʲôɡ
ͨ˵ֱ꣬ӳɽׯһӵķȥ
ǵڳī֮ϣ˲ʧˡ
ī໥һۣȻһͨǶݡ
ЩˮɽׯˣȵͨʧӰ֮󣬲ŴӵȻȫЩ˵ĿǿʧĵطգҲֻܻһε̾Ϣ
Ƿīⷿĳ輫򵥣ӣһӣȻһͨĴЩͨ˵ļû
棬ûС
ɡͨ˵ţһϣȻɫӵĿųīСӣ㲻Ӧʱ
īͨˣҪҵӡ
ûǡͨƽųī˵ڸߣ·һ
ҲԸ⡣˵
ˮͷ
ͨ˿һۣЩΣȴûзʲôֻǿīȻˣǾʰɡ
ŮīûʹԼ飬ʳŮɻ
Ȼˣ飬ϷôῪЦͨЩĿһŮԭһˣڴʱ䡢ĵص㡢ˣ
īһ
ˮǵڶԭһ˵ˣȻš
֮꣬ǰҵŮȥһ˴˵еġλ˫ӡͨ˵Уƺһ˿ķ̡ģȴһ˸С
һ顭٣£ȻᷢΨһŮϡͨ˿һ۳īС˵˹úÿ֮⣬Ҿ͸о㻹ʲôŵ㡣
īǳ˳飬ȴûзΪͨŮĸף˵ˮɽׯŮ棬䣬Ҳֻ̰ɣ
Ҳ̣Ϊִ򲻹
ī̾˿Ĭţû˵


1623 ŵ
ͨҲĬһ˵Ϊܵ˾޴вȰȥֻأû뵽ȴ˴ҵŮȻҲɵɵѡ˸󡣵ϷֵʱѾֹˡֻܽԭӦóڶˣӲֶͨΣͽһ档Ϊ־ٶһľ޴ͬʱҲһЩڵľҲŲò֡꣬硣硣ȻϷϷһļѡǵϣȫо޴һ棬һ𣡡
ͨ˿ųīҪΪҺģҵѣһ棬ĺúõģ
īĬţ£Ѿӳ֪ˡ
ԣܶ㿴ľ֣ıƵľ֣δǻġ
ǣĵأ
Ǹǻġͨ˺̹Ȼϧʶˡ
кܶණأҵõһЩԵīûȥʵ
ԵǶˡϷ⣬ϷŮһΪȻᰮ㣬ȻѧˮֻͨϷԼŻֻͨ˵ϵ̫ǿˡǿϷ򣬶û취ݡͨ̾Ϣ
󹫼ʶôīʵ
ֻʶͨ˵ҵһ
ͨɡīʵ
ǵģ˷ˮͨʱݲܽӴֻһʲôǸϡû뵽İأȻԿ̽ġ־磬Ҳû취ˮͨžѧƵָ߶ȡС˵ˮɽׯ˵͸ԼһͨЩơ
ҲҼôīЦ
ͨ˵һ۳īٳΪҸ˵ЩǴӦˣ
˵˵ɣ̫ˣµۡī˵
ͨһֻ̾˵䣬Ĳȱˡҵȷû뵽ʱֱӾ׼ԭ㣬澳۷壬ٷǳȥġ
ˮ໥һۣӶԷпһĨãȻ͸ж
ڣ¾ͨ˵ĶģҲû취ȫʵܾãֱ̫ˣ̫˼顣
īͨˣǣ̫Ͼ飬Իʮ𣿡
ͨ˵ͷͨ⼸֪꣬˺ܶ顣ġҾǻ˼ʮЩϲеһ
õͨ˵׿ڳϣī;൱Ĳ˼顣ͨʵͨڱ̫ϸǿĴô
ͨЦת˻⣬˵Ŀʼ
˵ɣ˵Сī˵
ǾͣӺܾúܾǰʼ˵ɡͨ˿ϣһ֣һ棬ֱӳڼǰ
һСׯ
һСкЦš
īꡢˮԽǴׯԽ졣
⣬ⲻˮɽׯ𣿡˵Ȼе㲻һϡ⻷ȴһġ
ˮҲͷǴׯȷˮɽׯһ
󣬻濪ʼٵƽ
Скܿ쳤󣬸ļҸһ
вƣСкĸһγţӴҲûл
Ǹ棬кܶСкĳΪӦǽɺ͵֮֡϶ǲ𾳽硣ЩˣСкûãͰСкĸ׸ϳˡ
ī˶ЩĬ
ͨ˵˵
ʱ򣬻һ䣬ǸƽɽׯСкĸױ֮ûãͻȻһȺǿʿǼ˾ɱ˲䡭ɽׯһƬѪ
ˮ̲סľһ
īҲĬЩ˵ʽܹоǾޱȹϵ֮ǰ顣
ٱ䣬Скˣһٷ꣬֡û˸ףûˣֻʣһĸסҪǿ̿ʦѧա
ɿӹһ죬յСкɳһ𾳽Ĵʿ׼ؼҿһĸףȻȥ
û뵽صҺ󣬵ȴģȴһ·ءĸףûа£Ѿȥˡǰĸסĸ׷ǰһȻ̤˸֮·
ۡ
Ѹӹʼʱȴֻһ׷ߣһ·ǰ
ǰ׷ߣǰͨˣòһ޶
ǣҼеġһͨ̾ţȻǿȥ
ߵʱһ磬Ѿﵽʥڳǣ֮󣬿ʼ˸ľ磬ҲУϵıǿøǿһΪҲޱȸ
̤澳
Ȼ󣬳īˮۿͨˣ̤Զս
ŮһȻͨˡ
īҲ𾪺Ͳ˼飺Ǹʱ򣬾ѾԶս
ͨͷʾǼȥ
ԶսУͨ˺ɨУճΪ˷ϣһǸ
ԿóʱͨˣһĵġǱ飬Щϵ飬һޡ
Ȼ󣬻һתͨͨ
ŽӴͨ˵Ǹķװī΢΢üΡʶκһ塣
УͨߺܶʿܷŭеֵġһģЩֵ飬ȫĺܲҡ
ͨ˿ȥһֱȽ侲ûбֳκηŭ
֮УͨһֱܳĬսҵ飬սǸĵˣÿһΣǰ棬ּݡսҲԽԽǿ
רڵѹƣҲ赲ͨ˵Ϊ̫Ͼһ·ͻȥ
һ죬ͨ˳ɹˣ
ͻƵ̫Ͼ磡
ʱǸˣҲȫ˷ܵ˼¡Ϊ̫ϵͨˣȻǵƿ֮У
ʱǸ壬Ҳͨ˼ǰһԴ
ֶ̹ͨУûа취
еͨˣƺҲûйô꣬ʼ壬һЩ֮⣬˺ڣҲûʲôˡ
ȻŰŪҲȥˡ
û뵽ǣˡһνٵͨ˵ͷϡ
̤̫Ͼ粻ʮʱڵǸ壬һҹ֮䣬ˡ⣡
һ൱޴Ĺ壬мʮڵӵܣ
ȴһڶûʣ£
ͨ˵ʱҪˣʱһ⣬ȻϣȡеĵС
ʱͨˣҷ
һĻóīĿɿڴ̲סĿͶһԺö˶ͨˡ
ͨʾǼȥ
һģɼ꣬һãȻĿܣȻ󡭡˲ߡ
漴
һòСкٴγһˮɽׯСɽС
ī鲻Խģһս
Щŵˣ


1624 ޾ֻ
һ̫ϾĴڣȻ˹һâУ˿ûзȻֱӱȫĵкΪһãȻĻꡭȥתͶ̥
˵ȥ֮£û˻ţ
һ澳飬Ҳûм˻š
ʲôĴڣӵֶΣǿֵزֱֲ̫ˣ
治תֻز
ÿһΣǲͬĹ£ȴͬĽ֡
棬һֱ˶ʮΣ
óīĿɿڴжͨ˵ͬ飬Ҳ൱ǿҡ
Уܹоõͨ˵ƺԽԽǿȴûʲôáΪͨ˵겻ܱжǿӰ죬ȴȻƹ֮һĸ
ÿһΣһĽ
̫Ͼ磬ȥֻء̫Ͼ磬ȥֻء
ţĿ¡
ǻܹܵọ̃¡
ͨ˵ĵڶʼｨˮɽׯȻÿһֻأصط
Уͨ˻صˮɽׯüͷ·úϤȫҲԭɡҲǴӵڶʼͨ˽֮ͨ󣬺ܿͻһƹܷƵˡȻˮɽׯ
̫Ͼ磬䣡
·Ѿһħ䣬Ĵֲ
ΪʼգǸκεĵˡֻһ֣һСͶˡ
е龰仯ʮԪǰ
һͨˣ֪ΪΣٶƺû֮ǰÿһֻһ̫Ͼ硣һرŮӣȻһˣһ۵СŮ
һڣһЩͨĹ¶ˮɽׯУĺܰ졣
еǸСŮͨ˵ϣ¶һĨů
ǻ浱Уͨ˵ĵ£Ҳһ澳ΪʿƺʮֵͨȻͨȥһ˳塣
ڵʱ˵ͨдܹ⣬ôҲֻгˣ
ǣͨˣѾʮŮŮһȥһ˳塣
˳˵һ䣬ǸʮŮīĵһۣһֺϤĸоŮ·ˮۺӡ
崿һ档
ˮŻеǸŮҲȫ˳Ĭ֮С
һΣͨ˵ж൱͵ء
ڳ壬һꡣ

꣬ˮͬʱһȻųīȥ
һģһ
ֱڵĳīȫûκ
Ψһ𣬾ϵԼͷɫеǸӣͷڷϵʷǳ󣬿ȫһĹ幫ӡ
ͬʱеĳԣһŮ
īŮ̲סпЦ
ˣ
ǰã
ѹ֣ϵĹѹ֣ϵ׽
īĬĿš
Уͨ˸λ̸˺ܶ࣬ƺ̸ǳĵӡ󣬳ӽߡͨǣֵŮһͷĿųӣĳųԵŮ֡
ٱ䣬ͨ˵Ů̼ңĵܵǱߡ
һεĻܶݡ
ͨһԽ͵ֶͨΣֻ׷ݵһ֣ȴòСŮռӵľϢҲ޷ǾŮ֮鰮ǵ¶һΣȥӣ˵оնȥİ취ѾüĿˡʱȻкΡȴĪһ䣬ҪСĵ㣬һ˫ϵ۾ڶͨ顣оնȥûϵҪעⰲȫʵڲУȥֻذɡ
ͨ˵ţ̾Ϣһ֪һˣûãľȥֻˡȻֹһʱ䣬塭ĪĻҷͨй壬ȫǻĪᶼᣡҲһ̣ʶܶ飬Ծ˵ǳĲԾ
εֻأѾУĳӡʶԾһ̣ұ㿪ʼ¸ϣЩϣӡ֤ܶ顣û뵽ҵŮֻ֪֮󣬾ȻҲѡֻأȥԴˣҲòʩչֶΣСŮӦĻǣͽ˳ڵǸ硣ֻ£漰֪ʶ̫£˭뵽һηֱ𣬾ȻʮԪ֮󡭡ܼ棿
ͨ˿ųīˮǹУһε̫Ͼ磬Ȼ󡭡һֻˣ
īһͨˣԣǳӣŮһΪ
ǵġͨ˿ųīǴֻ֮󣬵һٴλصˮɽׯ֪ǰȻ󣬲ſʼøֶΡ֣ҵķõֶΡȻҪƿ㣬ǲô类ע⵽Щ飬վġڵ㣬ûǸڵĹעѾԶˡ
īͨʵһΪʲôڻö˶˵ģ
ͨ˿һ۳īܿһ̫Ͼʿô
ɱīһȡ
ɱ˴ͨ˿ųī˵ҷܶ࣬ںܶ涼иֲáûֱȥӰԶսȴӰЩ棬Щ棬̫澳ʿԶսĿʱ䣬ͻӳͬʱҲϣϣϣгһգӵնȥ
Ҳ˵죬Ȼģīͨˡ
ͨ˵ͷǶǰŻǵġһմȾϣԶ˦
ѾնȥˣңҲѾնҾʶе񡣡īͨˣ˵
ͨҡҡͷȷնȥԿ֮ϵıܣٵ㾫ʶеĵһʱ䣬ͰնȥˡȴնҵڲС
ΪʲôΪ̫𣿡īʵ
ǵģǵ̫Ͼ磬Ӧÿնȥҵˡͨ̾ǵ̫Ͼ磬һᱻλڸϣ
ϻôīͨˡ
ͨ˿Цһ޾ֻصĹȦ
ͨУ̫ϲֹһī˵
ճͨ˿ͨҲֱֻ¡ǸڣܻٵһΣ񡭡ѹڶΡҪ
ȻˣΪʲôҪǧټƵģ뵽ͨīͨˣҪʵ
ʵôʵ̤̫ϵһ˲䣬նһͨ˿ųīҲֻôһĻᡣ
īһӾͨ˵˼
ͨ˵ָеìܣȻҲǼƶҡ᲻ҵŮġ
һվûа취赲ôī


1625 
ͨ̾Ϣȷ޷赲һֱ죬Ҷ֪Էһ飬һ־ʲôЩˣ棬ΪһԽ̫ϵ顣ҲôȻҲ֪ʲôȴָоһ죬һϣ
īĬţΪоնȥķԣһ̤̫Ͼ磬Ϊʿնȥ񣬾һᱻ֣ǰɣ
ͨ˵ͷû
ȫûôˮ̲סʵ
һ˫ͨˣҲһΡ
ͨ˵ͷҡҡͷȻ˵Щ꣬ҷһͨҵǱ߷ֵġ
ҵأīһ
ҵǱߣӦóֹһ֮ͨ·ͨ˵ƺ·ǿ뿪Ψһ;·̫ˡ޴Ѱ
˵·ҵǱߣϣͨңѰ֮ͨ·ءī˵
ǲ֪Ĺȥͨ˵˵֪Ͳôˡ
īЦ˭ָ֪оʵ˸о
ͨ˵ôѰҺƲ⣬ٻҵһЩɵġȻһɱ˴ʵһֱҲЩΪҾãǳʲôˣȻɱ˴ӦҲҵҡ
Ҳ֮ǰҪҳɳԭôīʵ
ԣΪҵģҳŲס̫áңҲ̫֪ʲôˣֻҪҳնȥҾһлҳͨ˵
ΪʲôûЩһֱŵ̫ϣīͨʵ
һֱŵģͨ¶һĨεЦݣң˭һֱŵģ
Щ氡û񡭡ī˵֪ɣ
û񣬵ô֪һֱţͨ˿ųī̫ˣ֪ܹͨܿһֱŵ̫Ͼ飬ֻһͽ̫ϣݵĳǸ棬ƺһͳһΪӣҲݵĳǸУͬһЩС˵ǳƺйء
ͨ˿ųīڣ̫򶫣ƹܶƹܼ־ǳΣ̮ͨ棬ҲֱԣǲܳµģҲû˸ǳ¡ȥǣȴҲ
ͨ˵λأͷӦúܴ󡣶ĴǻۣǸϵĴڣӦǻ಻ԤĹϵЩ̫棬ȻûͬҲֻܻһǧԪѡһ̣ǵһУȻᱻߡԣҲֻ΢ôһˡ
Ҳ˵ʵͨУ˵֮⣬е̫Ͼ飬һˣīоĺš
̫ϣ澳ҲǡֻҪԴ񣬾Ͷһͨ˵ҲΪʲôЩ澳ʿԽڣΪԽ󣬱ͻ뿪е񡭡𡣸ֻأٴͬ·һ㣬澳̫ϣʵһġ
īаǰͨ˵˵˵ͨһʲô֪ĴУ
ͨ˿ųīԣĵˣЩ壬ڴնȥЩĻͬŹ㣡ΪĻǴǵĸ棬šǰĸ棡
īЩĿЦһЩʲô
ޣ׼ΪԼתֻ׼Ȼ̫Ͼʱնһͨ˿ųīȻһΣһֻ֮·̺áͬʱûһһ·ȥҪʲôǵˣ
ͨ˵ϣ¶һĨ֮ɫ˭ֻΣ¶ܱ侲ֻ˵ͨ˵Ĺǿ
ʧءīͨˡ
Ǿֻһֻˡͨ˵˵ţһˮȻѾͷ
Ͽˣ
Ͽô
īգգۣһͨˣͨƲƲ졣
ˮʶī߿˿ϲãģȴǵǡ
ô˵
Ȼо󣬺۰ˮ˵
ͨˣֻأֻһľͺá̾
һƬž
һīЦʲôԾǣ
ͨ͵Ŀһ۳īӱܣûκ壬ֻȥԡ
īʵЩ̫ǣһ̬
ƣû취ֻأԲɡͨ˿ųīԼе̫Ͼ飬ҪѰ֮ͨ·
˵ţͨ̾ϢϣǾ֣ɰ
𣿡ʵ
룬еġͨ˵Ǹڣǡ
īͨˣȻ˵ھԣܲնȥ񡣡
ͨҡҡͷ̫磡
ӦʲôīȻе
ȡͨһ˫Укݻһ죬ˮʯ

īһͨˣǽȫϣҵˡ
ǡͨ˺̹Ȼĵͷ
ûйأīʵ
һȻȥ㣬㽲һУڲǰˡͨ˵˵Ȼƿȫ֣ϣѾǿˡųīҲǣΣգ
̫ϸӣ֪𣿡īȻʵ
пܡͨ˳һ£˵ܾãЩ̫ˡټڿĶҰɡ
Ҫȥҷʸīü䣬¶һĨ֮ɫĵţҲģ
ͨԥܾãŵͷȻˣͳһɡ
Ǹһȥˮͬ
СīͨˣͬҲͬ
רǵԴû񣬾̫־磬Ϊάĳƽ⣬λҲ֡ԪɻīĿŮһǧԪ룬£϶Ѿˣ
һǧԪܲܽī֪ȴŮߣκοѺΣ
㣬һУҲ𡣡˵
û㣬磬ǻҰˮ˵
ԣǸһɡŮųīͬ˵
ͨһԣ̲ס̾Ϣһˣͻɴ࣬Ҳңȥɣ
īͨˣһݣǰ
ǰ
ˣ
š
ԸӴˣ첻ۣزģԸһѣɣī˵ţͨˣһݡ
ͨһ£漴ޱĳųīһݡ
أ


1626 ɽ
īͨˣݳͨ˷ݳīȴڰݳīⷬԣ
īûбĵȴ˽٣ѡ
ⷬԣһ޴ĺԸԸ£ζųīӴ˺ûκ·
ˣۡġԿ࣡
̫
ܳܣ
⣬ȴǳīľģһֱǡδ
ˮŮһϲĸųī뿪ˮɽׯٱһ̣ͨڻûסȡֱ͸ŮĶ˼䡣
һĻīҲĶп
£档
ڽ֮ǰûԼһֱΪеˣһӰܶˣȻ֮䣬ԨԴͨ˵ЩֶΣûǸεʱ򣬿ȥпᣬʮѪ
µǸ֣˵нܶꡣ
Ǹ֮ٻͷȥȴ֣пѪıȴż飬ġһΡ
䣬ʲô˲ɵģ
ЩûĴʿǾңڵ
ԪľͷȻҪһбȡߣȻתֻ޵ľ档
ͨЩڣʵͬǳεİɣ
֮£īľֻһСˡľ磬ûдﵽǸΣ۽硭ҲûЩ̫ϴǰԶȴӲĸƵǸλȥȻҪӱܣ޴ӱܡ
ԣҲֻȥԣ
ҲΨеֲε飬ŻףΣܵʱεأʵʧ
Щʱ룬˽ʱЩֻܻʮ䷲ˣһȻݣȴҲܾʡ
ֻм죬࿴ָоֱ̫ˣˡ˭˵ǲֵأΪǼ죬˵ʵһ
ī飬ʵѾƽˡ
λߣҵǵḶ́ȻۣȴҪ׺ܶࡣ
ˮҲǷǳĿģŮԴȺͨ˴ߣѾܾûĹˡҲֻڳīߣǲŻÿģŻðġ
ԣ⣬ǿȻҲҪȴڸīһĺġڳīߣ
˵ҿһŹϵĵͼ˵ͨһ嫵Ĵ棬Ϊ档˵˵ǸǳãͨҲкܶľǿߣǸ档
ˮ˵Ժлᣬȥ涼תһתЩطķ羰ʲôͬ
ţҲأһòã˵ţȴǿ˳ī
īһЦ˵˵ȥľȥĶ
ϣЩ׷ŵ飬ܹԿһĽǾͿԿĵˡ˵ţԼ̲ס̾һЦϧ̫ǰɡ
ˮЦİǼҡ
ǰİǼҡʲôطҪʲôֻҪİͿԻĿġ
˵ͨ˵Ļ𣿡īˮʵ
أգһ˫鶯ӣųī
Ըŵġī˵
ЩãȻΪЩ飬˵ʵЩ̫ˡʲôǰ˭ǵԼǰ˭ֻ֪ԼأΪҵľ粻ɡˮЦ
ǰҲãҲãʵǶǻڵµġ˵ţȻЦѽҿһ㹻ˡ浽̫־磬ҪǸߣҪֲֶָΣҾ̫ۡ
ʵʱҲãˮҲã֣üŮӢܡκ飬һ֪ͽܵĹ̡һ֪ķΧƣбڶʵЩīֺγһֱӲţ
ֺγһУúϢһ
ոˮ֮ͬҲҪϢһʱ䣬úԼӡһƽȴܰϧ
ջ־һˣˮЦסīһֱָۣоá
ס˳īһֱۣзУɾ¡
ܴͨ󣬽ޱߣһ·˶ܿģҲۡǶܿЩĴǣһ·С
·ϣҲһЩǿ·ϣīŮǽģɳī֡
շһֻ澳ݣһֻɫëľӥС֮չ˫мʮô߷ɡ
ԽߣԽϡ٣һʮ£ɳ޾ңԶ·̣˼
ǿ飬ԽԽࡣ
澳ľӥһʼܲҸָҪܣǲϡī֮ҲʵˡҳīҲѾӦ֮ٻصĵطͷȥ
ҪСģߵ޾У飬δӵоԸߵľ磬ȴſµӥѳī
֪ˡīͷɫУҲżء
ʵһ֮ãҪҷһЩһ棬һ棬Ҳǳīһ֮á
澳ֲΣԵԽԽ֮£۽ҲҪⲻ˵Լչضġ
ھܲԸļӣīҲûס˵Եֵˣ˵ȥ˾ܹԵֲغǧ꣬Ҳδؾܼ
Գī棬ʵ̹Ȼû̫
ӣԼȥ飬Լʵڴ˵ģ˰æȻãûУҲжʧ
˽һ·ʵһֱ
ˣžӥһߣꡣһΣīûʹãΪЩط̫ˡһʹ˴ֻҪģһͨҵǡ
īĵûпȥ̫ࡣѸʱ䣬ڰŮΪϡͣŮ
ͷɫľӥҲŽˣīʱ򣬲ıܹܿҲһֺܴԵ֡ӥֵ㹻ɣīҲһͷ
Ծӥ˵ʵѾһͷˡһ൱༫ߵľ磬ͬʱǵ嵱УҲĴС
ͨʲôģҲ᲻١
ϵ˵ЩĹԵ̫ѷһ㡣
սУ඼ǿԵУǿķ͵С
īǽֹսĹʵϣĳɳУӥ飬ȱսȱģǶشīľ
ʱ䣬Ҳ㹻ӥī֮佨˱Ƚ˳Ĺϵϵþӥһֲ뿪׷˵ĸоܹһֱһսƺҲһܲ顣
˵ھ꣬Ҫͻˣ
ľ磬ԭ͸߳ˮ٣Ҳ˿ѷɫīġԣ㹻Դгī־˲߽£Ϊٶ൱죡
ɽˡ
Ц˵ɽ٣ӦòƮһŷʲôİɣ
ˮ˵ЦɲЦҪ˵ֻҪƽ
ˮӵһ£Ů֮ĸͨû˵ԭһ˵ǷŮ֮ĹϵҲǳĬ
ī꣺а𣿡
ͷİɣаյġ
˵ţһɵĻӻ֣Ȼһϸ졣


1627 ǿ
漴ʼȫ澳Ƕ޾ʿ˵ûϣ򿪵ĳ֮£˲߽飡
һɰһӳȫ¡
Ѫֱӱ
澳ĺǿ󣡡ˮЩĽ˵
Ҳ졣ī˵
ˮûǫ飬ΪԼʮ꣬Ҳؽʼ澳
ʱн𣬼Ƭ񷶼ˡ
ط̣īѾмû˵ӰˡŹϵĵͼϣһֱҲкܳܳһûеġ
Ƭأ̸ǽҲûôȫͨ˵˼澳еǿ߻̤֮⣬һ˶
ԣīҲͷĴ󵨵ɽ١
¡
Ȼ併һɫ硣
澳٣ʼˣ
һʼīٻЩģЩӰУȥӭǿֲ٣īУٻЩ鴤
īҲ֪ʵҪǿöࡣ
ô겻ߣʵѾѧ˶ȥ顣
ٵĲϽ٣һأҲ澳ٵĳ֮¡īˮӥڰȫڣңǱߡ
ӥ̲ס˵ĽЩûë飬иֹžôǿķ٣˵ͨǾһ˵ȴҪɺܶࡣ
˵ţǱ߽ɫ磬ݺûмκηꡣΣ΢һ£ˮһ
ܿסΣȻޱңԶȴȻܹоϵǹԽԽǿѾﵽ澳ĲΣ
ûͲ澳ʿ
ƣɹ澳٣ӦûκѶȵġ
ʱһȥ֮ϵ٣Ҳֱ͡ڣȻûмκηеֵ
ˮһЦǶӰϲ
īǳ˳飬˵Ҹǲһģ
һԵľӥĵ˼ǷΪû취ŻѡԿ١кܶǿķΪʲôأǿ󣬵ڸǿķǰҲǿסġ
ҲȱʲôҪʲôɣˮЦ
īʱüȻ¶һĨ֮ɫżΪңԶտһۡ
ţī˵ţ
˵䣬īξѾʧԭأһ̣Ѿ֮⡣
ߵľӥһͣ૵ٶȡ̫ˣ
ˮûвκ쳣ţǱ㿴һĿٻɫâڶɽٵȥ
īǡóǵٻɫâ·ϡ˵ĸоһֱﵲһ
ϣ
߱챬һֱǵٻɫĴĿâ
֮ϣȻǷһҵıըһһ貶ĿĹâȻǹɲ˷ֱɢȥкƣ
ԭӦóЩȴī
īɫ൱䣬һ
ֱ߱Ӿͳȥ
Ǳ߼ΪңԶһָָֻޱȾ޴ͬһųīֱӾͰ˹
ǼƣҪһֻϣ
ī߱죬ǸֱָӾ˹ȥ
߱챬һݹյѪɫâžϢɱȥ
Ǹָٶȴ̫ˣ
ҸǵѪɫâųīѹ
ۣ
һ̣ѪɫâնǸָ֮ϡ
һ޴ޱȵ˿ڣ˲ָ棬Ӳ߱һնһԨ˿ڡѪ˳Ǹֱָʳ
Էƺû뵽һȻ̶ֳȣնֱָֻ֣Ӳһ£ֱճȭͷȻųī˹
飡
޾Ĳһ춯صı졣
īУĹͷһֱѿ
۵һһѪ壬ҲֱӳɽٵƬ׺˹ȥ
ʱһӰವһ³ڳīԭվĵطӰ̫ߴˣƬգء·ƬնҪ޷ˡ
У޾Ĺâͷųĳ࣬Ů
ֱֻ̧Ѫ֣ݺһơͳƬ˹ȥ
ˮӥڶЩûȫӦĿһĻ仰޷˵
ۿֻѪ֣ҪĵٵȥīӰһδһΣ֣Ȼ߱죬һֻ֡ͬʱۣ˽ɫޱȾ޴ԷӰֱ۴Сһƴˡ
ȥЭһֻϣͻȻ䳤һȴȻȣ
ǽɫֱ棬нɫڻơ
ֱӴǵӰڹâеţ
꣡
߱һȻնֻ޴ơ
ѵ̫ˣܹ׾ٵֻһɲ⡢ͬԨ˿ڡֻҲ̫ˣ̺ĵҲ̫ǿˣ
ԣȻ˿ڿȥֲܿʵϣֻ˵ȴȫ㲻һ˿ڣȻƬơѹ
īֻɫۣȴǵӰЩȣһηһס
ʲô
ȻǵڹâеӰֱҲһֵ
꣡
¡¡
޾֮ųīһȭԷֱۣӴ򵽹ͷѣһ㡭͸ֱӴˣ
ǵڹâеӰҲ벻Էһ澳ʿȻֲܴһ
һѾȫԽһ澳ʿӦеĲΣ˸ߵġ̫Ͼ磡
ӰȥֻѪƣҲֻ󳷻ء
īȴûзŹ˵˼е߱죬䡭նϰΣ
ԷĵҲ൱ֲֻƾȻ߱նѪģܶط¶ɭȻ׹ǡȴȻ˻ȥֻһΣֻƣͬ˲ᡣ
īڷһ֮ٴνȭ
īĴܷʽصѾ̫ûˡ
ͨ澳ѹ·ģԴϢ
ԣ䣬ǿĴڶЩīײд򷨸ˡûȻعأӿֲһͬˮһӿ
ŭ
ŭ
ŭɶ
뵹âֵǿڳŭˡ
һҰްȻдתֱӽϵƻָ
ݺһٴδī
һΣĹ֮նˡ
ͨߵķܽնݣֲ֤
īУ˿Ҳ⡣Ļۣһ̣ױ
ǿǣֲֿĹ֮£ȻͷѣȴȫûбΣī˫Ŀ죬е߿ǳһ˲䣬Ҳ
ǼĻۣ
ΨЩǳԼܹͷų
ǳǧģֱγһ貶Ŀս£סī
һ˲ͳˣ


1628 
ʱ򣬺ңԶ֮ϣһĺ֮Ƭ׺١Ԥʾ澳٣Ѿӽβˡ
¶뵹âеǿ꣬ҪӳīȥҪ֮УӲץ
īһԲҲױȫսȻǿڵĶ֣ԷҪͻƹȥһʱᣬҲ
鱩ŭÿһԭͻҲմĸҡʱ䳤ӶˡΪ˫ĵж̫ˡԣֵʱ䳤Ҳīȫͬ
һεʱ䳤ӿȥرУĴ飬ɼ
ǿ飬ڳͷ֮ϣֳͭìĿīߡǼƣƺʱҪ֡
Ȼʱ䳤зǾ޴ƥ㣬峤ֹ֣ɢſֲۻĲ
ʱ䳤ӣÿһʿԼ⣬һ㣬ȴ˶ϵġǾǣʱ䳤е飬ʵڹģ
ֻʣһӡʱ䳤ӡȴһ㶼۷ʱԣһʱ䳤ӣκ飬ܽɵ
ɢŹâĴڣȴǸƵģһҪͻƳīķǱߡ
Ϊٲ֣һ곹׶ɹ٣ʧȥ塣
ҪģǶɽʱݵ
ʱ䳤Ѿݵܳܳһͷ飬ҲһɢǹϢ˸е𺳡
ɢŹâڣţҪѳīʱ䳤ơһȥǾͳʧˣīҲû顣ԣҧƴֿʱ䳤Ǳ߿
ʱʱ䳤УȻ߳һɫ۵ӣ˼һ㣬һ˫Уɢ޾ĹâֳһӡǻɢŹâĴֱӴȥ
ǵӰīһȻûмȴɲǼһѪĸо
ʼô
īĶЩ
䣡
ǷӡֱӴڻɢâĴϣֱӾͱˡ
Ǵڵ΢΢һţеĹâ΢һЩȻҲ¶
Ȼɿĳ࣬ȴܿǲһˣ
һɫƬι
Ƿӡ֮ιһһƳǴ۵˴ȥ
ǵӰˢһ£˻صʱ䳤Сʼգһ仰Ҳû˵īȴо޴ĸжۺᡣ˵֪Щ飬ͨΪһ᳹ʱգ
óȻ֣ʵž޴յģ
ԣīֻܳǵ˲䣬ٴεȫе鷨׺ݵĹ
¡¡
ʱһɫף쳣޴󣬴ֱꡣ
ֱʱżһϵķͬһСӣȥǾ޴ס
飡
ֱӻСһĹϷ棬Ƿ͵һǧȴͷϷĵطͣסˣ
Զ·ǵ׵磬Ѿһ㡣ˮŵòᣬӥҲóԼظȻֿǱ߳īķ򡣾ӥа࡭Ȼ̫Ͼ鶼ӲǿԸӵĵزˡ
īϵս˸ǻԣǹҫҲ񷡣Уǹɰǳ֮ȻǶ̫Ͼ飬һʱҲ޷κΡ
ʱ䳤ҲĲ񷣬·ܵʱ䳤ӵӰ죬ʼһЩ䡣
һЩԭ飬żȻ䱻ʱ䳤й¶մȾ˲ǿ
䣡
һ޴ףɢ
Ƭ֮ϣ˸ǿ󣬻壬衣
꣬ڶɹ澳٣ɹ̤澳
ʱǻ˺ɫƬķ飬Ŀһ۳īһ仰Ҳû˵תߡ
ˣ
ʱ䳤ֱʧˡ
ͼʱ䳤ʧ˲䣬ֱӱ顭
Ƭ񷣬ȻǻҲģīվöûжһ¡
ֱǿط򣬽Ƭҵնƽֱ곯߸Ϲīӣ΢΢һϵս£˲仯ģɻصĵﵱС
Ȼ󣬳ī۵һһѪ
̫Ͼ飬̫Ͼʿֱֲ̫ˣ
Ϊ˱꣬īִϡһֱӾжԶܶԶ
û°ɣϣɢ澳Ĳһʱ䣬Щϲûжϲ֮飬˵ǡոȻһĶɽ٣ȴԱ߷ʲô
˵֮䣬ʲô׻ʾлеǹů֮飬ȴġ
ġīһ꣬΢΢ҡҡͷ
ʱǱߵˮɫӥҲڸϹ
ɫӥһ𺳵Ŀųī˵Ȼܽɽˡ̫˼ˣ
ɽī΢΢һüҡ
һڴ˵е飬һİһֱҶΪǸ˵û뵽ȻʵڵģҡǿҪ㣬Σˡɫӥһ꣬п˵
ȷǿ󡣡īһ˵ȻѵĹǺƶѾסˣʵϣҪȬȴûôסЩ£īҲ˵ֻŮеǡ
ΪʲôǸʱ֣ѵ±ٲ𣿻УΪʲôٽֱ֮ȥˣҪʲôˮһֵʵ
˵Уɽؼ侫ӳԸΪʳϲʳڶɽٵĸ顣ͨڶɽٵõԷȫк٣Ӧǲµġɫӥ˵ţīû뵽Ҳ٣ٵ˭ֻҪմȾϣûк³ġ
ô˵Ŀģֻڶɽʱ飬һҶɽٳɹͲٳˣˮʵ
ҵĴмеϢġҲҵһμ飬̫ˡɫӥܸпҲңҺɽٵʱûһ
ǻá겻ɢĲǡ˵
İɣʱڣҲɽˡˮЩŵˡɲ飬һ顣һīһʲô⣬Ǻڶ
뿪˵ɡīɽ뿪ķ˼˵
ⶫƺɫӥ˵ģҪֲվ̫Ͼ飬ҪһʼͱīеˣƺҲôߡ
ߵʱƺһ㲻ĶûУɴľʧˡīܵģ»ûнԣ׼뿪
ļʱ䣬һֱƽ˾ʲôûзֲ۵澳飬ûгһ˵棬Ҳȫ˿
ÿѾǸɽأȻ¡
ʱˮҲڵ˼ͻƵٽ㡣Ҳܼȥˡ


1629 㾿˭
Ѿٽ㣬ǼȥȥͻƵĻˮδҲǺܲһ顣ߣˮɣȻ
īƴĺʵҲٽ֮ǰеġһﵽٽ㣬ô㲻ܼȴȥ
ͻƣҪͻƣ
赣ʲôȥˣǶҪˡ˵ˣ֮ǰǶͦȥˣûеһͦȥ˵
īҲͷûµĶɽͻƱǣߣ㵲סһзա
ҲԼзգзաˮ˵
īЦڻҵصʱһĽҲǿңʱڵֻȺǻơīЦŸŮһʱڴаϣһŷƣȻɹӻصͨߵġ
ˮѩȻ֪īķʽѹò˵īеȷͦõġһµʱĳ˵ıڵĴҪΣյĶࡣ
ī˵֪𣬵ʱһұ¶ݣлаңҲǲõġЩҵصǿ飬϶˺ҡǣڵңٴγȻһȺֲĶ֣Ҫ׵˺ңҲһҪشۡҲսûܹסң
һ˵úᣬܵȴǳī޵е
īŮֿһɫӥôȥɫӥѾǵĻ顣
飬֮һţŵ֮һͬҲţīЦŵЩ꣬Ҳûɣɽٴγ֣ӦϴҪõöࡣ
ˮĿųī¶ģɽͻƣ
̤յһ̣Ƭأ˲ӿʼڵ澳ʱ֮ϣ
꣡
һ澳ףȻ¡
޾ңԶգǵɢŹâӰڶ
Ȼˣ
ʱ䣬ûɽǵ׷ɱ
ɽҲ㹻ȻӲͦţһֱų֡
һΣɫӥ˵һ
īҡҡͷ׼͵Ϯ
͵Ϯɫӥһ˫۾ųīɽ֪ǵĴڣҪ͵Ϯ
īһЦһΪǶҳֵġ
ɫӥһ˫УĹâôȥ㽲Ҳһûа
īһֱӳ֮⣬һڸңԶУӭɽ
һΣīֱǧģǿս£ͷ̤¯ֳ߱졣ϣ˸
īûпţЩĸֵֽ뵽һȫµСľ磬ҲѾ澳̫ۡϣȻкңԶľ룬ȴһɽʱҪǿ࣡
ɣҿһЩȥûе㳤ī˵ţһӣɽֱӴȥ

ۺ졣
ɽīһƣȻٴ˼ֱ֡Ӿʹﵽѵ״̬
˫һ˲䣬ɽȻһΪһɽڶɽٵˮֱӳ˹ȥ
īΣҲޱȻһΪɽǵ׷ȥ
̧Ⱦһţ
ųīһţȻ
ֺ嫵ĴɽֹͨԱ飬ǿĿɽǵƺ⣬īƴӲīһţҲҪˮ
ȴҲû뵽īһš̫ײˣ
һ߳ȥģĲǿֲ˫ġǾеϴ
־īɽǵȻУ˭޷ֺ
Խ߾磬īܹӾ澭з̲صǿǱܣ·һһھ꣡
־
Ĵڱ־еһ˲䣬ѾųīӵȻ˲е˳īϡ
һ߳ȥ֮ȫɽ棡
һѾһشɽĴͷ߶ϡ
Ȼûн
־湲
ɽһѧ˺ֱܶ࣬ӳſֲĳѹȹġҪǿĳֱӽīѹô
ɵīо֮־˲乵ͨһ棬Ĺ
ɽôǿҲûȥԿԣǿսĳ˲ͱīƵ
ûóīеǻԷ
һΣɽбīֺγأī־˫ĻָʩӼδ˵ʱ򣬾ѾʼûָּսУ̫ҪˡΪ˭Ҳұ֤Լһ̲ˡһˣȻͻӰս
īн־ֲӦ˲Ϣ佫ɽ׵׵ס
ͬҪΪɽּ飬Ҫһ澳ʿ취ĻһȥܻܿеģһӰѣ
ڽ־֮£̫Ͼ飬ͬ޴ӶΣ
ԣǳī˲Ϣɵģͬһʱеģ
ԣī־൱Ϣִɽе־ץΪʶУīȻʧˣ
Ѿ޷īټˣ
̫ˣ
µģ֮־ʼ֡
ʱͿռ䣬˲뵽īĳСոҪֳʱ䳤ӣһʧӰ٣
ΪƬռڵʱ䡭Ѿīƿˣ
Ȼȫƿأƣɽ˵̫ˣ
ʿߴʿֶΣЩ飬ôŬҲ󼰵ģ
ǰ־ⷽصԪأȫųīй
еԪأһ׺ݵķγһɱһԲɱ󣡿ֲ˫
־īЩҲնȻܴﵽ˺һ״̬ȴѾžΣ˲κһʶܴĵط
״̬µľԣ޵еģ
ģȻһ˵֣īд洢֧־޴ġóīȫûκκ֮ǵս
ɽǵīһţ߷ɳȥ
Ȼ󣬳īķӰΣķ𹥻
ɽһαˣ
ľȳī߳ܶ࣬һ󾳽磬Ե⣬Ҳȫڳī֮ϡǿڳī澳֮٣ɽȴӲıīѹŴ
ˣ𡭡ͬˣ
ī˵ս֮һθɽԾʱ˴
ɽ࡭ֱһ̬
޾ɱǿʿֱǧȴûĸ¡
ڣ·޾ĵУͨķȫ߳ͬʿ̫࣬ĸо
ʱī俴ɽ̧ȣ
ԣųīһɽı𣬺Ȼ
־˫Ĵȱƽͣʵֲ˫
ɽǵˢһ£صϣ϶ΪһȻֲ飬̲סڣ㾿˭


1630 
īҽţݺɽǾ޴ϣһ£ɽӴ߳ȥ
ڣҷү
ţӰεĳȥһţԵȻ
ҵү
ȻƽԲˣݺһƳȥһֻƣ֮ɽϡ˲ϡ
ү
󣬳īֳŵ߱죬ݺһնȥ
һնǵѪɫâޱ޾Ŀֲɱ⣬Ըӵĵز
ɽܵģ̧һֱֱۣ˲䱻ϷעӲ
꣡
߱ǾâѪɫ⣬ֱӽɽֱն䳾
ǼӲĹǣҲס߱ķ
ɽһĲҽУ޾ңԶľ롣
̫Ͼ飬Ȼī澳۷ʿһնֱۣκ˿Ǿܵһ顣ǲ˼飬ǲܷģ
ɽӴ󵽶صһӵˣһɲǣֻʣһ͸ĲӰˡȻᱻɱȴתʧˣ
˳īһ󾳽ʿϡȥƾֲӲĽīߡǣֵܼܲǸʱ
ԣɽڽѹֱ֮⡣
һ̫Ͼ飬ȻӲǱīˣֱˣ
ңһβǼװߣ¹뿪ˡ
ңԶȻܹɽŭͲʵ£һ£ؼǱ»κһͬ飬һԼѹƣķӦ
īһ֣ɽն޴ƥֱֱץӽ˲ȥһĺö̺ľֱḻ¡κʿ˵ⶼʳģ
Ǳߵɫӥĵط߳ϵ֮ɫ
һζսɽĲҲ̫ˣԭīһֱڱֵ͵
ɫӥųīȻ˵ˣԸһֱߣ
īһɫӥߣкܶΣա
ҲֵãΨиǿߵߣҲŻĳɳȻĻԶֻһǿǿ飬ȴԶ޷ΪһǿߡɫӥǳϿҡ
ɽʧܣ̫Ķ飬Խ߾磬ͬʿҲԽԣҪɾͣҪ߳ƣͱҪһ
ɫӥͶЧīҲܿġЩɫӥҲ㹻ãܻ˵ܣҲû
ɫӥͬҲе飬īѾʦˡԶ׷īĴ㣬һսǳ׵¶˾ġ
ʱǱˮ澳٣ҲѾ뵽ڡûɽţˮɽٵĹ̷ǳ˳
գһٹȥˮɹ̤澳УɢǿϢŨĵϻУ޾ľˮйעȥ
ˮվУһ˫У˺澰ȻݻٶȺȴ˵ĵУѾһΣ
ˮУͬ޾ĸпԳīĸмҲīķһ·İʵ̫ˣ
˵ûīô죬ܻΪ𾳽ŬҲ׵뿪׻ƴ
ͨ˵Ļˮ۲ˮһǱߵꡣãһϬһ㣬Ҳڿ
һЦ
ǰһ˰ɣ˫˫ߡ
оãĺܺã
ۣʮʱȥһӥʱѾ޽ӽͨߡ
Щһ·˺ָܶ飬⣬ҪӶԴҪԵǵģҲĴ⣬ǵѵһĵѣʢġ
ǽ˲ٳңɱ˺ܶǿķ飬ȴҲ˲ٵѣһЩҪڳīߵġ
īӦǣܹȻĵط棬ʹһ
գī˴ˮɽׯʮ֮ͨľͷ
һƬԲɳĮ͸ڡκε顣Զĵطȥǰһ޾աոĵطҲǲͬһǳֻ޾Ļ磬Լ֪жĽݡ
ĶأɫӥһãȻĿš
īһ΢΢˫ۣȻ˵𣬾
ˮϣżãȻ֮ɫ
ī˵
УҲʼɢĹΣһȦ˳ųīıֱ𡣿ȥīԺǴһɢŵεĹ⻷һ
ŮɫӥȫһȵĿһĻ
ڷɫӥûʲô㲻ôˡȴڳīϸܵǹȻȴǳԶĴȱϢ
һ·ɱ˶Ĵ鰡ɲһʲôȱĳôдȱϢ
ˮŮԷҪɫӥö࣬״ȫһ𺳡ͻȻ֣ī˿̵ӣȻһ
ʱǱ߳УȻ䡭Ҳһ𵭵ӰӰȫɹâγɣԺ󡭡ͬһ޴ĹΡͬʱǵӰɢĴȱϢҪȳīϵĴȱϢŨǧ򱶣࣡
Ũҵ£
ӰǰȻɱģ
Ҫݵĸо
ָоĶǱ˿ƣǷĵģҪһӰ
īվǵӰӣʩһ˵ӳīݼӡ
ϣ޷𡣡
ңԶУһ󡢳ȱ
Ƿ𡣡ī˵
ǷҼȲǷҲԣҷǷ𡣡ǴȱϢǵء
īپ⣬ʵҪ֪ΪλзΪλΪ鲻ɣһУζ
УǵӰĬһᣬȻ˵Կࡣ
īʵҸô
ôô
īʣΪһҹ䱻ǰնȥ񣬻᲻ᴥŭϴڣ
仰Ѿðˡڱ¶Լܡɳīһ·ġ޷һ࣡õһЩָ
ǹɴȱϢѾ׽ƬɳĮǣۿɼģɫֲƬɳĮѸֻգ֮䣬ƬĵطѾһƬޣ
֮ɲ⡣
īȴָоɴȱ֮ı⣬ƺҪһƬشޡڡʲô
־磬ֻ̫һ֮ң޷ԽʱīĸӦһЩĸӦԶ˵ġ
ǻУǵߴӰڳī仰֮ʼճĬšƺ˼ƺǲش
īҲûм׷ʣվĵȴš
һݽߵ磬ҵ·ûġ
ڣ֮ǵӰֿ˵ˡ
һΣû


1631 Կ
Ȼûֱӻشī⣬ȴڸ߳īһЩ飬īһȻšˣ·ָӦþ̫Ͼ鶼Ҫҵ֮ͨ·
Կ࣬Ҫ֣Ҫ͡󸶳̽ĸԴһеıܡÿһ飬ʵ񡣻򰵣Ǵڵġ
ī¶֮ɫû뵽ӡ׼ȷ˵ƷӵڣȻһ𰸡
˵Կ࣬˵
򰵣仰ʲô˼ѵǷϵЩʿ񣿰ָÿһ飿
񣬷Ȼγɡдߣֻ֮գı档Ƴ˴ķ񡢷ƣͨΪֶͨΣҪͨô۳Կͼӹ
ɫӥһãȻ
ˮȴ൱档
īҲš
ͨһ磬ǰ˼˴·߳ȥȴҲûԣ⾿һʲô磬²⣬ȴһ׼Ĵ𰸡⣬ͨеĹ塣
īȭͷ˲սû뵽ӾȻĻش⡣
ˮģҲһֱ̣ô˵Ļīĵˣͨй壿
̫֮ϣǷĴһ𡭡棿īĴȱϢŨ£ʳ⡣
СӸ൱϶Ĵ𸴣
óīܳԾΪ֮ǰ۹һЩӵܣͨߵĴڣȫԣһϴڡ
񡢷ơ񡭡ЩԴͷ
˵Ȼ⵽ӵֱӷϣ׸˭
īʶģӦŷӡ־÷ǳĲ˼顣
Ϊʲô̲סʵ
񡢷ƵλͣѾˡĳȱУһ˿̾Ϣ廳
īþĬãڿʵǡһУĸ𣬽ͨĹ壿
Ȼ
īһǷֻأÿһֻ֮ǰһоʧô£
ǡԿࡣ鳾ⲻô˵⣬һ˿ʵζ
īǣüȫǷӵ仰鳾ⲻ
ûһ𱻳֮ΪĴڣôһСȥƺģǡͨ˵˵ֻҪ̤뵽̫Ͼ磬ебֱӱ
֮󣬵ηīʵ
ΣӳĬ˺ܾãȻ˵졣
īüͷĺܲƽҲûа취ƽȻʵ죬Ų𣿡
Ȼ
īһ£һ
Щˣκһǿ飬ʲô磬̫ϾĴڣҲվһ졣һ̣еУԹ졣ΪЩУ죡
ԣŽг鳾ƽ⡣
ûв飬ûĴڡ
֪ΪΣ֪һУīͻȻ˿ĸо٣ĵˣδ֪Ĵڡʵδ֪ԶֲģԶǡ
ȻĵˣͨĹ壬Ҳûжôη塣
˵ĺףλͣҪɱ˷֮ַͨĹ塣÷ٻ浱еЩǿʿȻ÷ƿǡ
һ棬ԶĽ֮ͨЩеǿƿС
ΪҪ뿪Щ棬̫Ͼ飬ȻͼֻͨԶսԣֻҪ˷ͷƣ͵Щ顣
Ȼ󣬵Щ飬֮ͻƵ̫Ͼ磬ᱻѹΪ񣬸ݲ̫ϾĵΪǸ飬Ѿľͷ
ǺĻÿֲƣ
ֶܹĴڣڳīӦҲֻгԽ̫ϵĴˡ
룬ͨĺˣ֪˺֮ܶ󣬺ǸɴԼľ紦һ״̬˵Ѿﵽ̫ϵľ磬ȴƭԼΪ澳
ԣûôǿĵ
ԣĻ죡
īˣвЩꡣ
̲סʵǣնȥЩ𣿡īһʳ⡣
һΣӸĻӦΪƣɡ޾Σ
ī޾ΣζʲôΪնȥЩ񣬱ȻᴥŭЩ塣ǴЩĸ棬ûκһ壬ݵ־ٶ
ԣСĽ֮ǰɺ͹ű˵ֻЩ񡢷ƣնȥӦЩ
ϣûʲô档ĴѾˡڣֱЩе飬޾ѣȻһһرǿĴڣīԹȴǼǿҵġ
ʵ˭˷Ķ޾ѣ
ķӣɢĴȱϢѾŨһԸӵĵزȻǺһЦǰ˵򣬺˳ԣΡ㣬𣿡

Ȼ
⻰ʲô˼
ڹȥ·ϣīˮ⻰ʲô˼ʲôǰ˵ҵǰˣѵǳɵģôܣ
˵Ǿ仰֮󣬾ֱʧˣīûгԼѰҡΪ֪ܼӣԭӦþͳϡǷӵĵӡȻĻӲָκεԽ
īҲЩźûüʹǣΪʲôڲͬĶӦ¡ҲֻܼںǱˡ
һ˵ջѾܳīԤ֮ˡջ̫ˣһ·ۿѡʮĹ¡дջġ
٣īѾһ£ͨ˶ȷ顣
ڴ棡
ûгԽ̫ϵĴڣ
ҵ·Լ֣ȥġȻԿ࣡
ԣӷӵĻУīһЩƺҪ뿪磬ǳ׸ı磬лͰ취ģ
͡󸶳
⻰ʲô˼ԺŻס
ͨһ磬Ӷ¶ۡԼĲ²⡣
ī²⣬Ǽ·ģض̫ϣӦҲǼģǶûߣϵĴ͡󸶳ͨݽߵ磡
Ϊġֻ
Ĵȱīܾ壬ȴ
ΪڵΣķлơ


1632 ն
Ļ𣬲ԸߵĴڣ
ǱػˣΪڸԭࡣ
ˮ𲢲ڵġ棡
ں˶һ㡣
ͨĹʷΪʲôֶϲ㣬Գī˵ѾҪˡ
ЩΪǰĳӣƳնķҡǵĸԣֱˡǰĳӣӦþǸʱѡ˱ֻأ
īѾ֪һУô˵ģĹΡ
ǡΪʲôҵģΪǰһоն
꿴ųī˵룬˵ģӦþǸ˼
ˮҲһԵͷҲΪġ
ǾáƳλҵ棿棿ī΢΢鴤һĲš
˵ˣǶͨĹ壬һͨУȴ壡
仰ͬһ磬˲˳īͷ
һͨУȴ壡
ͨʲôطһ޼ʴģ
ŵģȫǾǿߣ
ֵطΪļ壬ǿĳ̶ȣīЩ󡣵ٿȷ壬һǿЩģ
֮Գīһֱ󵼣Ϊ̫ɴˣ
һǿĴ壬һҹ֮һ壬ûκεĻڡȫˣ
飬κһȥҲΪЩġ
ˮõһĪеĴϣٺòһ̫Ͼ飬׾ٵĻһ澳ļһôһԽ̫ϵĴ棬Ҫһ̫ļ壬Ҳһͷ飿
īһֱ˵ȴû뵽ĵˣʵһֱ
еĹ壬һѣ
ͨĹʷûгֹϲ㣬һ
ΪֻлĹʷأ˶ĴڣܳǷµС
īһУЩ
Ƿ˵񡢷ƻ񣬶Դڳ壬ôеԴҲǳԳ塣һе
ԣλ٣ԣ˺ڳĻ𡭡
Ѿһѭˣ
ߡձۡ
˵īûȥЩΪ屨ѩޡΪǰ֣ɡ
īԷγޣȴҪıһС¹ҪıһУҪЩƵ飬׵õɣ
ʲôʱ򣬳鳾Լ飡
ҪԣôͱҪЩϡ
뵽⣬ī̲סЦȻĿĲһʵȴͬġ
ͬҲǲͬġ
ɫӥɿž޴ĳʰšȻʵˣҪЩϣΪ𣿡
šīش𣿡
е¡ɫӥ̹ϣʵʵĻش̫ǿˣͨԱƿЩСˣֲˡ
ġī˵
鳾¡ɫӥ˵
ɫӥ֮ԣȴóīĬ˺ܾá
˵Ŀ־壬Ŀ־壬ͨ˶ȿ־һ£˵ˣʵԼħ
ͨžγ֮ŵĴڣԳīҪնȥ飬ȻޱȽľܾˡ
´֣
ǣûʲô档
Щʱ򣬾˸еԡ
·ϣī֮ǰµŵԣϰٸ澳뿪ԭļ԰ͨķȥ
һֻӴĶ飬ʵҲǿޱȡ;ޱ˳ûκһ۵Ҳ硣
īȻûʹôȻܵ͵ıܿЩĻ
ǵӰٶȳˮɽׯʱһУ·ûзκα仯
һһأʮĹͨ˼ǣ¶ϲ֮ɫ
ī˵ĵһ仰ǣϣûд档
ֱͨӱˣ˶ǻһ
ˮЩֵĿһ۳īЩֳīֱ̫ˡ
ͨ־Ĵڣ˲ıһѾ޾µ֪Ǻѵһ顣ҪһʱӦīãżɽɴһͿ
ͨ˲ûɣǾĳĬţվһҲ
˺ܾãϣ¶һĨЦ
ţЦԽԽ

ЦᶼˣȻ۵һһѪ
û°ɣˮһһңֱӳȥסͨˡ
ȻŮ໥һۡʵѾϿˣǰĸסһЩ¶ƭ˵ġ
ͨҡͷŮŮû£ǻϲġ
˵ţ̲ͨסݺᡣ
īҲЩ꣬ʱ򣬱ֳĬܸͨõİοˡ
ΪֻҪīһ仰ͨ˱㲻ҪκεĽͣһУԼͨˣ
ܾ֮ͨ˲̾ϢұͨЩеǣƭĺòңһڵĴ桭Ȼƭôֻأôľ֡˶ܺáܺðҶúõţһһһˣ
ͨ˵ţһ˫ۣīӣն񣡡
ɴ࣡
飬ûǵεûʲôԥġ
ŷ񣬻зƣںηīͨʵ
ͨһ̯֣һŹӵķ񣬻һƣС
ϵ飬лŵ𣿡īʵ
ͨ˵ͷϣңʮŵġ˵ţһ۳īͷһȫҵȻһһն
īͷ
ͨ˵һ˫У¶޾ο֮ɫųīģӣȻĵͨҲվߡκ顢κδΪ㣡
һ޴СУֻгīͨ
Ҫնȥ
īٻնٻſѪ£ͷ¯ڽ¡߱סˡ
ͨҲһļʮϵķЩסСеһС
£Ѿ˼ԵİգҲҪԴ
ն֮󣬶ųī΢΢һЦ漴һ䣬ȻһѵɵīС
һն
ľſѪ£ʱȫһâ뵽նɵǰѵϣ
ǰѵɢĴϢϢȴǳīδܵġ˿̣ͻȻ䴫һļ¶
Щˣ
һ̣Ȼīûǰ֣ȴѾܵһ˿ֻصеĳʮѪ¹һһѵ˲䣬бĵطһ˿ɶ
Ȼ󣬳īѵͨ˵üġһնȥ


1633 𱨣
һ˲䣬ԭͨϵķͷƣȻ֣ޱۻֱӳųīɱ
Ҫֹīնȥͨ˵
ϣ
߱췢һһޱȷŭ߱б
Ȼһ֣
ϣƱ飡
һ˲䣬ͨĺܶطһЩ澳飬Ȼ䷢һУ˫Դǹ˲䱬ľʹҪȥĸо
Ǿʹֻô̶̵һɲǣȥ֮ǺȻо˺ܶ࣬·ĳһ
ô£
ʲô
ڣȴ·ʧˡ
Щ鶼ǳ𾪣ȴŪ׷ʲô
СС
ϳķɢſֲϢƺҪճһ𡣵߱ն֮£ȴƬ
󣬱īϳһֱӸӲˣ
ǿķƣҲֱӱ߱ˣ
һ̣īһѾնͨ˵üģѾնǿ֮ϡ
ǣ
һ죬ǵѿһķ϶
ͨ˵ϣ¶һĨʹ֮ɫˣȴûκζķӦ
š
ǣ
һ죬ͨ˵ľʶ
Ȼǿ񡭡ֱˣ
Ƭ˲ͨǺޱȵľʶеĸ䣬һ㣬ʶΣ٣·Ҫ
ʱ򣬳īеնɵĵȥһ˲䣬նϰ򵶣
ÿһնͨ˵ͷ­ʵޱȵĵȴûжͨ˵ͷ­κε˺
ֻľʶСӵױȵɱ
ɱġЩ˵
ն鵽һ̶ȵʱնɵǰѵʼ˶ЩĽӺգ
棬ˮɽׯС
ˮһǵĵȺȫеЩеԹһһСٶִ̫ˣֱκηӦʱ䡣
ϸ룬飬Ҳǳīͨ˶Ϸôôã󡭡ҲһĽ
ɫӥЩ·Ͼ׷ī飬ȫۼˮɽׯİĵطе档
ͬˮɽׯеЩˣЩ飬Ҳĺܡ˫Ǻܿľ໥ˡǻ壬ʱ򣬿¸ǻ䱸
СУͨϵʹ֮ɫ
ѾǸٹ̣γ¡
ȻÿһֻأһµһͨˣҲѾ̫õˡ
ľҲ̫ˣ
֮ǰȻøֶ񣬵ǿȣҲǳ׳ԽЩ澳ġ
īɫҲʼЩ԰̫ˣ
ĶҩʼҪǮһķĿУ֮ǰѾƺõĵҩҲ̷ȥȴȻЩ׷ĵٶȡ
ڣ߿ǣǿС磬ڹؼʱ̣ǻīֵ֧ġ
ۿųīɫɰת죬ɺסУžС棬ûһ˿졣
һĻ棬ȥĹ졣
һѸָķڸѹСˡ
һ׷꣬ӶǰѿȥޱȵĵһɷͿǼʮ򵶣
̣ϳţīģҲԽԽ
󣬳īڸоƣ;⡣ͨ˾ʶеƬҲԽԽˣ

īķʼСеľҲ֮ǰѾ׼顣
ͨС棬ĺųīķĲУȫľųīӵ
ͨ˾ʶƬҲڱնն˸ɾ
ޱϸСЩҲյնɵĵϡ
һнһ̣ī޷һƨ˵ϡ˶Ѿ̱ˣһ붯
ͨˣ򾲾վڸʲôã˫ۡһ˫У޾ľ˸ȥޱȴĿ̱ڵϵĳīеľ⽥գһƬ޾º͡
ӣлл㡣˵
Ӧõġīͷ
ţѾˣúЪϢһ°ɡͨ˵ţһ֣Щ˲ʧȻҲʧˡ
ī΢΢һüЩԣȻվҪ뿪С硣
һ˲䣬˵һС棬˲
Եһ㣬Ȼа
еķصһɢ޾ѹֱӽīѹжһ¡ޱѣ
ī˶סˣŭһʲô˼
ͨ˵̫죬ǳ䣬ؽ޾׷ɱӣΪãҪǼ飬һɡͷһὫЩˣ͵ǰնȥǡķ꣬㵲ţ
ͨˣ𱨣ī˵
ӣܶ飬򵥡ûж⣬ˡͨ˵ɺº͡
᣿īЦһ˿̣ҲѾ׵ƽˣ¶޾Цݡĵɵһܲôľ֣һµˣôܻһࣿ
ǵģᡣͨ˵
Ҫ˺ī̾Ϣ
ҵŮΪʲôҪ˺ǣͨ˵ŲţҶûƭ㣬˵һУʵġԸ뿪Ļò˶ãͨͶֱ֪¡ʱй嶼ʼ׷ɱ㡣ҵŮעҪعѣԺӣͰţɣСУ޾į㡭Īô
īʱҲѾƽͨ⻹Ƕ⣬ɣȴһһʵ硣
ī΢΢˫ۣͨ˵־ٶĶ⣬ָ˼֡ҲȻͨ˵Ǿ߹ڷӵĻ
ڿĶҰɣ
ʲôѵ㲻ɣνĶ㡭ǸͲԸɣ
ī΢΢һ̾
Կࣿҵġ
档
ˮɽׯ
ͨ˵Ӱֵһɲǣضҡ
־磬һʧȥɢϢǾ׵ġ
ˮһֱӳȴֻͨһŮɫЩס
ʵīأ
ͨ˿ŮѵͲȹһµƿ𣿡
ҷأˮɫѾֱʵ
ͨϲɫҲ˵ѾͷĿУһУ𣿡
ˮһ̹Ȼĵͷǳ롣
ãܺãȻôҾȥͨ˵ţһӣС˲ʧˮӰ
Щݺޡͨ˵ţЩ׷īķ飬ҲһӸͽǸСС
һУͨ˵Уʼݻһľ޴档
һѹй￪ʼ˵ţһ䣬һ׷꣬ѵľǳīģϵǹɳ򣬶һģһ


1634 
˳īò֮ͨƲƲ죬ֹһ䣺е㲻ϰߣҲûʲôδһУ￪ʼ˸֮ͨ·Ҫһ󡭡ܴ򿪵ģûԴûԴô󣿡
һͨ˻ûɳīӢϣ¶һĨЦ⣺ֱ֡죬ֻϧҵŮԸߣҲԸҡûϵһ죬Ҵ뿪գǻмҵġ
ͨ˵ţһӣˮɽׯ˳ɢͬˮɽׯеЩˣҲһӾʧˣӴ˺ϣˮɽׯ
ǸС棬īܿܵ˲ȴȵķ֣ˮǰţûãɫӥһ·µЩ飬Ҳĳ
ī΢΢һ漴¶ЦȻѾˣ⡣٣ͨûаô
ˮīȫɱϴŷŭͰ֮ɫ
ˣѾףһУȻͨ˵Ǹ֣
ЩˣȻϻޱȣգǱͨ˸ƭˡ
Բ㡣ˮкˮ˵
Ҫ˵ֻ٣ǻһġīˮЩ֣΢Ц˵
꿴ųī˵ǲѾ֪һУƭǵģ
īҡͷ֪
֮ǰ˵Щī̲ס̾Ϣ
ͨˣʵ̫ˣ˸õƶֻ˵εֻ֮ʵѾ׷ֶΪʵеĿģԲһУ
ԣӳī֪䲢޴棬һУǹıһ̡ԥĽīͨЩĺ⣬վڳīıĬĬİīҪԼԶ֣߸壡
бĴ㣬Щ㣬ȴǳī뷨
һЩ飬϶ᷢìܣʱͨеЩ뷨δô׵ʵֳ
ɫӥЩ߹ȫǳɥûñīǣˣû뵽ᱻ
Се󣬾γһ޴ΡѺ޷뿪
īһˣȻ˵ʲôҲҪ룬ɡ
˵ţֱϥ£ʼĬĬ
ˮЩ۵ĿųīΪ˰ͨˣôࡣʮıڽ⿪ͨȴһκˣ¶Ҫĸо
ȴûУԹԶû˵һ䡣ԽԽŮΪеʣۡģε
ͨ˵־磬ҪѹǣĲҪ̫ӵֶΣһͷѡ
º
һ죬СϷͻȻ俪һŻȻһӰ
һȥܲϵʿϵͬǧ֣ݺύһ˫ҲѾЩˡͷҺģһЩƾɵϵǹɳȴСΪ֮һ
澳۷壡
һϱǿʿ
ͨ˵ڳīԺ
ӣնˡ
īûʱһ仭棬ֱӳڳīľʶС
ͷ׷Ӣīڸű̸ЦǻӦһȽ˽ܵĵط
īüһɫʱñû뵽ͨ˾Ȼӣܵ˹ű
ӣԹ
ͨ˵κвǳƽ͡
īУȴһӿŭ
ݳһô˵ҵǰǲеˣ
֡ͨ˵˵ҵһҪһ߸Щ壬ȴҪͨй壬Ȼ󡭡뿪ͨӣ֮ǰµĻܺáҲһ൱ĺӡĺˣһĸõġ
㵽ʲôīʵ
ǽȻΪáȫ壬һϷ뿪ͨͨ˸˵ĸоɷǳ̹ϣҲû˵ѵıҪ
ΪԼסīķ󣬼ֱ̫ˣ
ΪʵԸԼŮܲ꣡ѾԪѾջʱˣͨ˵Уżּ
ԼŮīʵʲô˼
꣬ǹȥ㣬㡣ҵӰͰ֮£ѡȥֻأɣҵȷǾһȥֻ֮ҵŮȴҪԾҰǣһΪ뵽СʱѾݳУٻһܹĽû뵽ĻҪһȻӡͨ˵죬˵š
Ҳ˵ĿУϣ˭㶼𣿡īʵ
ؼʱ̣Լͨ˵
ô㲻ǽžѵģӦǴһʼԪǰʵѾ֪˺ܶ飬ҿʼú֡Ǹʱûӵնȥֻܵȡ𣿡īʵ
Ǳͨ˳ĬһᣬŻش
ֵУ֪ʶԨ̶ȣô֪ܲ治ڣ£ȷóīǳɻ
Ĳ֪ͨ˵УҲܺһЩԹ֪һǰֻܶ˵ͨЩӰʵ̫ǿˣΪԼ嶼ӡӲȥԶʱĵ伮ͨʷϲļ󡣡
īʱҲһ˿򣺳壬λ֮ӦþͿʼˡеķ񡢷ƣȫЩϷֵȻ壬ȥȻǿʢƥʵϣȴѾȫЩƿ֮ˡ
Ҳܹ˵ΪʲôʮԪǰһϦ֮串
Ϊ嵱Уһž޵ĳӣ
ͨе飬Ϊ˫ӡڵʱͨЩ忴λӵĴڣвǵĵλһܸλĴڣ
ԣһҹ֮䣬ͱˡ̫ϾĴڣû⡣
ֻ˵ϣǾ֣
Щ֮ǰǱ޾£ûܹһôҲûֹܹ
Щ֣´ơ
Ժӣĺܶ飬ûôûôסҶ㣬Ѿ̹ˡҲ㹻ݣгһգҵĿġͨ˵У˴顣
˫Ľȫǵͨʱܳʵϣǵʯһɲǡ
ʱ򣬳īĿ⣬ǰλȥǳǵϡ
㡭ܰնȥ񣿡߿ųīгһֲ̫εĹâ
ʲô˫ӣûֻܸоͬһΣѺ׷ꡣ˭ʶôΪʲô紫Լأ
ߺ˼һ˲䡣
ī̧֣һ


1635 Ӣ
ϵĳ˲䱬ŭһСң
ϵľһӱȫһһͷ˵ľķӦ쵽Щ˼ĵزڳīֵһ˲䣬ʵѾ˻Ķ
һ̣ȫֱͣ¡
ΪԼʶУǿѵ
ߵϣ¶𺳵˼Ĺâһ͵ĿųīʶдǹɾʹʶĺԵˡ
һ澳۷ʿ񣬳īܿ͸ն飬Ȼǰնˡ
ߵ񱻳նûһ̣ߵϣһɸ֮ǰȫһƣ
ƣһԲζ
īߵĿ⣬Ҳż𾪡⾹Ȼһ񣬶Ҫ̤̫Ͼʿ
ѹķӦô죡
ѹͨ˻һͽ
ԭˣ
ʱѾû˵նȻһīľʶС
ףõʲô㹻ʮƿС磡
˵֮նڼȻһûˡ
īУȴ˾κˣ
С磬û̫Ǹε붼Ҫ룬īһµͷûС
벻նȻ
һΣīЩлԼǰĲܣ˫
ʱĿųī˰Σʩһ˵֪ܲ˭ܸлܰնȥ񣬽
û˵𣿡īһߡ
΢΢ü˵ͨ磿
ͨ硭Ȼͨ˵ֵܡ
ֻң˻նȥ񡣲ôоطеǡһηأ߿žڲԶˮȻֿԶϰٸ顣һɻ
һηīЦЦ
ߵУʱ¶һĨ֮ɫڶеˡӦǴץסˣΪ¡
ȻʱһݵߵľʶУͨˡڽ뿪С磬Ȼȥʲôطȴ
һǸĿųīˣԲˣҲܴһȥȻͷ磬һΪ顣Ҿ˲
˵ţųīӻ֣Ӱ䵭ˡ
ӣĲͨ˵
ī˵뿪ķ̸ÿһ飬ͲǸ𣿡
ÿһ뿪ķǲһġİɺӣҿǵıȫˡͨ˵ƽˣҪȥæˣűĶеҪ⡣飬Ҳϲӡ
īͷߣһ
ʼգǱߵˮûйһۣʲôûвīѾˣС磬лҪӡ
ߵĿУҲóһҪϢС磬пܣûбͨ˴ߣ
²⣬֮īֱ֤ʵˡ
ʱһһƣ뵽СеʿҲԽԽࡣ
ʮʱȥ뵽Се飬Ѿǧ֮࣡
һܿͨ˵ȷв֡
ī纣ʱͨ˾ͼĵڽ嵱СǣӦþͨҪֶ֮һ
˵ԼʵӦһֱŶͨ˵ľ裬ʵϣһıҲһ֡޽ġǳīȫˮȻĻҪͨ˵ġ
һ˫棬ôͨ˵ʵҪīסκδ֮
˵ֵУΨһһī飬ӦȥӣӦý䲻ڴϢ֪ͨˡ⣬ǳīΨһµĴ
Ժ󲻻ˡīа
նԴǴ˵һ֮Ҳû˵īҲû׷ʹΪĵһ죬նԼ϶˵ġ
īˮС棬һݡס档
Щ飬Ҳȫڰš
Ȼһľȴ൱ŨôҲȫûݽߵ
ʱͨ磬ȻȥһԵİ̫ƽ
ʵϣһӿȴϢбš
ԽԽĹճӵܣʼԶ壬ִŸָ񡣵ʵϣЩϵˣȴڲ֪䣬ȫնȥ񣬳׻ָɣ
⵱УеġնȥЩ飬ȫ֪ǵ˾˭Ϊһ뵽ǸСУͻֱӱ׷ӡסȫĵУʶҲӡ
ŲţеĸӦȫʧˣ
Ȼ󣬵ȵȥ֮󣬾ͷԼѾûˣ
ϲĸоնȥ̵أЩ飬ĻǸڸм㡣
ǲ֪Ǹ˵ֻ֣֪ǸˣΪ硱Ȼ󣬡硱һΪӢ˵ļᶨ֧ߣ
ǽûȡκεĻرǵѡֻǽǣԿǾӢˡ
ǵ˽֮󣬷־ӢеһǳǿŮӡıվˮľšһĵһɺ衣ͬʱйĺ֮㡢׹ųűͬʱкܶĵճӵܣ֧Ůӡ
Ӣ˵ĴڣЩȫѾ֪ˡȴûκһɹ壬˱ֳκεĵ
Щնȥʿ뵽Ӣ˵УҲûܵκεֹ
һǿڲϵУնȥЩķ飬Լ뵽ӢˣûκεĿܣ
ԣЩǧնȥ澳ʿֻвʮѡȻˡǾˣҲȫնȥؿƿ㲻ǡ硱ҲҪԼ
£һȥȵùģԼ
ԣͨ˽ﰵӿô鱻նȥ񣬵Ϣȴʼձķǳ
ͬʱӢˣҲѸٵķչ׳С
̶ʮʱ䣬ѾۼͨмŵϺŵĹӵܡȺˣ߰ٶˡ
ƺ࣬ʮʱ䣬ŷչôˡ
Ҫ֪߰ٶ˵ݺһôˣ
Ⱥ˵Уκһڸڵļ壬ǾԵľӢ㲻ɺ͹ű֣ҲûرĲࡣ
ÿһˣӰ쵽ķΧһ˵֡
߰ٶĳԱУģƿһС
ԣһ֮ȻǵĹ壬ҲȫǵĴڡ
ɳɷ̫ˣ
˼ȫĵճӵܣңΪֹӢ˸֮䣬ȫ൱õĹϵ
Ȼ裬ʱҲ˶֡
⣬ͨҪġ
ҲǳЩҪġ
ʵ־棬Ҳ֮ǰĳīҪģ
ԣôȥ¶ͨˣɹƭˡ
硱ţҲȡ˳ī֡
ΪܶĿеģ


1636 ӹ
һΣֹȥ˶ʮꡣ
ӢѾչһ൱ֲ˵ʼǸȴǿӲŮӡЩĳԱ֮⣬ûм֪֣֪Ҳֱ
ȴʼûնȥ
ˮ壬Ҳùȥ۹ˡ
ԸԸԸ⣬ǶϣһŮӣһŮкܣ˷ĵ̾
ЩȥӢûκδ󶯾·ľһɢˡеЩԱƽҲǸøʲôʲôܳʱ䣬ŻһΡ
Դϵ飬ճԱȥӢ£ͨеĸ壬Ҳûһ㷴Ӧ
Ƿ鱨ϿЩ飬ûκα仯
û˷ҲûӡһУһ
̫ƽ̫ˣκ˶еľЩͬҲˣǸûѾдķ飬նȥ񣬳׻ָɡ
һ죬׹ųͻȻѾʧ߰ʮĺӣͻȻˣ
ӵĹûо̫ˣڵһʱ䣬ʶȥϵīֱīһ̣Ȼûʶϵϳī
ӵӣ൱ģһ
Ӹûбֳκ쳣īһȡ
ܹͨţĹȻҲǾ㹻ġԺӵ˽⣬ڳī
ʶ޷ͨĻǳīˡֱ޷죬ûһ覴ã
ںӿ̫аˣ
һȳīҪǿܶ౶ĴڣΪʲôҪٰīʲô
󣬺ӴӸϹĹűУ֪Щ귢顣˵дķ鱻նȥ񣬺Ӷʱһġ
ȻʵֵܣĸôˣͲ¡˵ţָָ졣
īЦЦκ飬ҪڲԺȻͬļɵ
˵úã޵ȻŹűֵأǵ񣿡
űһ۳īУһ˿İԹˣԴӹλӣҲľҲóĬ˺ܶࡣĲ²⣬ʮа˾ţλӳˡ˾޴ĴԣҲöʡ
ЩʼնԳīǷ壬īȴʼոž롣
񣬹űҲеˡ
ʱ򣬡ī˵е̫ˡһķ飬кܶ飬ҶûնȥǵΪ˵Ĺע
ӵͷţ㿼ǵıȽȫȴǱһƬ
ô꣬ô񶼱նȥˣ˵ʲô
ֻ𰸣һĳīţðƻˣĳīǸֵѾˣնȥðƻõˡ
пټһ£úߵĿԺС΢΢
ͨ磬ų˳īһž޵ţоնȥĴܱ׵õĻǿоˡ
ôھʣһ⣺ðƻ˭ΪʲôðīܹװôԼֵܶ𲻳αԼʶīʶȥ磬Ҳܷ⡣
ӵľ磬Ѿ޽ӽ̫ϣЩ꣬ͬԼĻԵͼ֮ȥҲ˼ԣһӾͼǰðīðƻͨ˵ļ
һУ˲ϢɣԣȻںӶͨˣͬû֪ĺʲô
ʱ򣬹űһеʵӸ磬ˡջΣ̫𣿡
ԣ̾ϢһЦˡ
ˡΪʲô⸱飿űЩء
˵̫ϣû̫˵Ѿ뿪ˡ
ǣ̫û˵ģͨ￴źʵ
ӵͷ̫˵飬飬ԪߵͷȴȻܹ͵Ĵˡ̫˵ϣĲ𡣳ǣ뿪磬߳ȥ̫Ҳ˵ˣ·ܳɹġ
űЦȻֽ֪Щʧ
ͨﵭ˵ҲûʲôʧģΪ⣬䣬ڵ塣ȻǼƶӢ˵׳ˡ룬һ죬ܹҵ·
űͷ¶һ˿ЦݣšīǵЩ϶ǲģڹ֮£ѾûжǵĶˡ㿴ɯЩ궼˺ܶࡣ˵Ѿ뿪뷨
뿪ͨһЦӢˣԴӳô꣬һֱĬĬķչ룬Ҳóһʵʱˣʹӡɯ￪ʼɡ
Ҫɯű΢΢һ
ͨ˵ͷأ
űͷãȺǿˣ
ҪǳīȥӾȻ֣ǳī⣬Ҳͬѡ񣡶ңǳīĻҲδܱǰðƻĸã
Ǽ
ھЩȻˡ
Źű͡ī˵뿪̫ˣȺֵܣȥǣ
˵ţֱӸ˸һʧС
űЩпĵô꣬ΪܴӺõϢȴû뵽
ͨ˿Źűȴе㾯裬ΪܸоӶ飡
ܲԾ
ȻҲģȣպӸīֹ֮ϵҪֵܣӦðλټȥ
ѵĿʲô
ͨ˵УҲЩûתͲ̫ںˡ
Ϊôȥڰв֣硱ţѾںܶиٹˡʵ¹űɺȺˡһȺСӣƿڹ֮䡣ЩɵģЩ嵱е̫Ͼͷ
ΨЩڣɵ춼̫ĸԭ
ӢҪϣҪͨһսĥ¡
ʱ䣬ͨ˵ļ㣬Ҫң
ͨӢ˵ĴԴͨҵʱ䣬ӵ̫Ͼս飡
ǵģ̫ϾĴڣ̫Ͼ磬ġҪ츳ſܳɹңϣûжˣܹ̫Ͼ顣
־磬û˭ѡԼͷ϶һ硣
ԣӵ̫սʿͳѡ
ַͨˣѾ׼
ĳ̶ֳ˵ֲŵͷȷҪȳīʺ顣
ԣͨ˾ƻܵκεƻŮҲУڵһʱ䣬ͰŮ͵˳īȥ
ںܻᷢһͨаֻӣʶһ㡣ȻĲ⣬ٶɱһ콾


1637 ʧĺ
ͨȫû뵽ǣʧˣ
Ӵ뿪֮һľûӰˣ׹ųǣҲڹĺۼ
Ȼͨ־磬ֶͨΣͨˮͨݡȴȻò
־ŭ
ֻĺӡĶҪʲô
ҲѾ֪ˣһ˵ˣ
̫϶дջģ
ȻĻһʧôף
ͨ˻ֳܱκҪӢʵеЩ֡ǳҪ
ͨ˽ʶںӵֵϣϣӵŷϡȴһ
ѹûȥǡ
ͨµȥҹűȻʵȥˣ
֪ѽű˵ֻӣ޾ģȻҵ󽫾ʵҶôġ˵Ϊһûκջ񣬲˼ء
ű˵ţͿͨ˵īѽɯļƻݸǱߣõǵ֧֣ӣ˵˾ͻǱ뵽ֻŵʱһ£ͶǷ𹥻
ͨ̾ϢһҲֻܵͷкƣӵͻȻʧַǳԤС
룬ԼǸСڵĵطȻ̫ϾľͷȥҲûкùӳԡ˵ӸͲҵҵˣҲܽȥ
ңС棬ǲֻҪȥؽС
겼ֶΣͨ벻˭ܽƽ
ûֹҡͨ˵
ȻԹűͷܺãɯǿԻúԴ˵ķչ׳󣬽Ҫã
űϣҲ¶ϲɫ˵ô꣬Ҫʼɢâˣ
ͨЦҵصĹӦҲˣսĻᣬǣ

뿪˲׹ųǣգۼͷɳ˼ʮͬʱͷһŰͼУٱʱ̫϶С
ͨҪأҲֻҸӡܵס̡̮ͨҪ뿪ֻͨһ취ҵ֮ͨ··ȫǴû֪Ҫҵ·Ҫֵɵǳ֮ȻǣҲ򡣲貣ܻų֣ɢѤĹ⡣ӣһڣˣЩһ·ɡ˷ȥҪԼüҲȥԼһ죬
ӵʱһֱû̫Ū̫ϵʲô˼ֱڣ׹̫ڵʱѾ˳īдһ٣ȴҪȥҳīͬʱԼ
ȥܱԼ
˼ȥҲֻг
ͬʱҲںҪҪ¸֪Ҳе³Ϣֱӷ裬׹ųǡ
ôӢˣ»ֱ
ǲ˵ĺ£гһգǸðƻʵ֮󣬾ĳīû˻ˡ
Ӷ̫ͼһ·ԼϵȫϢչȫľ磬񼲳ۡ
Ĺˮһǡ
ûʹԼ󣬶ǻһòƽݵˡһʱ䣬˳Ϊ֮ǰ˴˼䶼ʶĹͨʽ
ӣϴźǿҵľ֮ɫڲ׹ųмһΣȻ͸Ը֪ȥ̫ϣȴû뵽ӻܵ
һǣҲѾΪ˾Ӣ˵ĴӪ£ǾӢ˵ˡ
Ӹ磬ôˣӣǺܸˣҲܿġ֪õ֮һ
ӿų㷢ȥ׹ųˣ
ԣʱˡźӣǰ˵ҪɯҲţҸڻҵ֮ǰֻоսܿٳɳôʲôˣ
ӿųܱ֤Ϣ֮󣬲Ӱжô
Ȼԡһ侲Ŀźӡ
ðɣǹġӿųҲûԥֱ˵еĸɻ󡢲²⡢жϡ
һʼЩ֮⣬һֱšͷ˵ѹ֡Щ꣬ҲûйɣΪ֮ǰǴμԼõģҸڰЩϵ飬һһնȥȻǸ̺ء룬ҲӦõġȻĻױ¶ȴû뵽桭Ȼ⡣
侲ٿȥǳ侲ûκγ嶯ľٶžɫϣ䡣
ӶЩǵĿųûдߴ١
ã̧ͷӣӸ磬ַҸڿ϶ţӦûɵġ
ӵͷҲ롣
ҺҸƢ룬ӸҲӦ˵
΢΢һ漴˵ܱвˣ
Ӧ˵ܹвˡ˵Ҹ̫ңĹ棬顢Ͱ飬÷ǳءȥ̫֮ȥҵλɩˡҴӹűõһЩϢ
˵ţЩϢӡ
֮Щ˵ǡӦÿȷˣðˣͨˣƳīİ취ʮа˾ţλɩӣ
ͷͨˣһλĴڣΪʲôҪأ
˵ţڷȥΣͣ½ŲҶˡ
ӿ
˵Ϊ˾޴Դ
ʲô˼ЩɻΪִͨڣôӦȱԴ˰
飬ʵҸҪ飬һġԣô꣬Ƕûв쳣ҼԿ϶ǣǵĿģ϶ǲͬġͨˣ֪šͼģ϶൱֮Ӣˣһ룬ƿҵеġЩնȥ飬𾴵ģȴҸ硭ţҲ˵硣
һһ٣üʱ򣬾úе㲻֪Ӧʲô
ǣҪôӴʱҲЩˡ
ͨ˵ľ̫ǸǶ֡ǽҴıӢ˲ֱΣܱͨйѹ
ûκһ壬ܹһƿһԹǿҵСܹնȥ˻š
ǲҴôôܰѳīȳȳָô֪ѪеĽ£
֮һ鷳
ǳѴ
˺ܾãųһ˵Ȼͼı֮ô϶Ƕʱɵġڣʲôһ糣ҲҪ¶ˡһһĸȥˮɽׯǱߴ̽ͬʱҲһն˵УȫƿصˣϣܻܲȡмֵϢǿǴһЩϢȥ
ӵͷС

СУѾչضĳīͻȻоԼһĵʼֳһںϵ̬ơ
ҪģķЩ꾲֮£ͻƵ˵
һķΪռңҾ졣


1638 һ
īԼҲȷΪʲôͻƵ־ģıչλߣһŵģȵһ磬ͻһ
ĹīһʼͷǳС棬ȥ
طĪ˵һ̫ϾĴڣûгƽЩ֮ǰҲ׵뿪ԣķŭͲرǿҡֻǶЩĺͨ£ܲص
ȴûоΪͨˣҲûɱɺ˼ˮԼȥһ·µݡޣ͵гīǣǡûǿҵĸ˼
ЩĹȥżնȥһӡ֮⣬ī󡣻̬ľĳɾ͡
⣬ǿľء
ڹȥҪСܻ۳ľֻҪһַǳȻĺ㹻ˣ
ֲ̫ˣ
Ψֲεʿǿ
ķ뵽֮󣬳īѾûиıĵҲʼһЩ¶
һֿʼںϵļ
һ
˵κһԽʥʿǶõġ
ãܹȫ¡
̫ϣûܹһ
ΪֶǿںϾͿԵġ
˵īֽ֮֮ȻͬĵҪβںϵһ
ûʱ򣬸ܣ
֮󣬾ͻ֣ᷢⲢѡ
֪֮Ϊ֪֪֮Ϊ֪ī˫⿪ʼʳϣҲʼĳ˵ϡ
ϣӳīȫһʳ
գһԣ˳壬Ȼ䱬
һ̣С磬ˡ
ˮŮſۣһ𺳵Ŀųī
ô꣬ŮĵУкܴľ棬ʵҲ̫ࡣΪŮУʼմΡ飬ǳīܹοġ
Լ벻ͨ
һˣΪʲôܺúõһأʲô飬Ϊʲôƽ͵ĽأΪʲôҪʹַʽ
ŮеŭԶԽīġǵĽر󡣵ֱ죬ŷ֣īĽʵ̫ˣ
һԣζʲôѵ˵Ҫ̤뵽̫Ǹ
īϣڲϵںš
һ򷨹ڡϵϣ
СԶЩݡǣȫ𺳵˵ųīϵǿңʼݡޣֱӹڵϣĤ
Ƕǿߵһأ
еݡޣȫݵ
ֳ棬һֱһ꣡
һ굱УīҲûܵκεĸš
ûз鱻ͽͨҲûиī˵һ仰
ͬעһ㣬īûκδŵ£һС
һ֮󣬳īϵϢȫȻ˫ۣ˫Уޱȣž
Ůīϣ¶һ˿΢ЦЦݣָɾ
ŮųīȦЩ졣
ôˣǷŲ𣿡īº͵Цʵδһ£棬ҲûôʱϡҲ̸нֳɾˡ
һ£ī˵棬Ҳδػĸá
Ϊʲô˵ҪַʽͨˣȻźǿҵԹ
ͨԼ֪ʵǵһĳżľ
һ꣬Ǿ壬ûϵĸĸ˫ףĴҲˡڹȥúΪǾ顣һԼĸ׺ĸס
̬ڼ֮ͨȻıˡ
ԭǰģԭǰи׺ĸ׵ģҵĸףһһĴʿҵĸףһɫŮӣȻ֪Ķȴ
֮ǰ˼ϸ壬εĺܺãûжκ˱¶˼
ԣˮͳī֪Щ˼
֮֮С
ͨ˵˺ꡣ˺ǿŸոڻõġ
ˣĹͨˣûԭ¹
ֱ죬ֱī˵ⷬԹһӷйȻȻãͨˣûôԹˡ
飬˵˵ʵһġī΢ЦΪģǽҡ
ˮȫ¶˼ɫЩˡ
ǰģǽĳī
īûжֺͨ˵½⣿Ǿ͵ͨ˹һӣ
гģңǴ
ԣԹЩʱʵֻһ֮
ڳ˵ܶʱҲôҲǷǴ˼ˡ
ͨʵѾкܶ꣬ûиīͨˣ˫ƺҲѾγĬųīīҲⲻϣȥն뵽˴
˫һֱάĳĬ֮µƽ⡣
ƽ⣬һ죬ᱻƵġ
ī֪ͨҲ֪⣬Ҫ˭һˡ
Ȼⷽ棬ͨ˶ԼžԵĵģ
ԴӸӦӿ֪ʲôͨѾܾûСͷϵˡ
æ׼ţɯһս
׹ųǵĵǲջǱɯӦˣޱȵɯûκη塣ͣһлͬʼǲ
ɯͬһ˺ܶ֯ǵĵ̾жʵҲû֪ϣյЩϢδؾ׼ġܹͨô꣬Ǿ˵
ңһ˵ĵڲ׹ų
˵һȥһ۵ɯɯ죬֣ȻҲɯʵϣֻɯĵ
ɯÿһ죬ֶɯ
һɯ죬һ̫ϾĴڣһֲƥĴʿ
˵Ǳ˿ͷųں̵ܶʱڣ׹ųǡ
õģǹųŻ˵ġԴˣͨ˺̫ܵϾĴڣΣ˲֪ԼĺܣԼһ̫ϾĴڣ
ңֵ̺ͨ;ʿηκͬĶ֡
չʾԼ󣬻һЩĲԡҲûʲôűѾΪһ覵ݡݣīһϵҲûУ
ͨһսװѳīֵӰ졣һǿƥĴʿڡȴȻŶԾӢ˾Ӱƿصġ磡


1639 ̫ϣ
ʱӡɺ衢͹űЩ˷ǳīҲκβˣ
ǻ飡
ȻĻӢˣ׷ֱȻ˭á
űͷͨ˵о죬е˻᳹׾λʱֱӷ𹥻㲻ȥ
ͨ˵ͷһ۹űЩζĵؼʱ̣һֵġ
űЩŵĵҪǧҪݣܱ¶
˵ţű΢΢촽ͨˣȻҲϷʲô飬īҲϣ¡
ͨ˵ϣ¶һĨж֮ɫͷãİɡ
󣬴ʿӲ׹ųֱӷɳǵأɯڵĵطɱȥ
ЩʿȫǾӢеĶһӵ൱ǿս
һΧκһܸɳصĴ
ɯϳĵģƺûһսٵļ
ʿӲ׹ųǱɱһ˲䣬һϢǵأѹγһֲķ籩еľӢʿȻϯȥ
䣡
˴ڿѪĴе
Ȼһޱȱɯϳ𣺡Ӣ˵ˣȥɱʶ࣬ɱȫ
̫ϣ
Ȼ̫ϾĴڡ
ңԥľͳˡȻûֱӳֻɱӢ˵Щʿֻƾɳ򣬾ˣ
ӢߣɼճӵܴӣǼ״ҲȫЩ𺳵ˡ
ǿ̫ϾĴڣҲ׵ĳְ̫Ͼ磬Ϊ̵Ĵô
ɯߣ˼һԱû¶棡
ֻһ̫ϾĴڣͷųĳֱӾסȺӢ˵ʿ
Ҫߣǽ˶ġɾ̫ˣ
ﻮôãټô֣ԭŵͨһĴսͬʱҲ澫Ӣ˵ǺҪһս
Ӣ£һսĽ൱֮ء
˿ӭͷһеͷת
ˣȫ˵⻹ôһ̫ϾĴڣͬһբһվȺ澳ʿǲһгȥ϶˲أ
ͲǾӢҪĽ
ҪҪȴûҪһѪս
һӵܣҲǾӢ˵һŭɯĳԱһսû𣿡
Сӣ˵ϻбһˣԵסǧǱУԵĳŪζǵ˼˵ôУһֻǹ壬ǹķӦʲôɳͬĴƽһս𣿼ֱɣ
Ӣ˵ĽŭȴƿԵĸо治֪˵ʲôźˡ
оӢ˵ĽЩʿǣɽĿͶű
ΪӢ˵ĸű˿̱Ҫϡ
ɯߣžǲһսһ̫ϣһս֮⣬һһ䶼ҪȺӢ˵ˣҪ֪Ѷˣ
Ĵ澳ʿδزܸһ̫Ĵ
ֻһ֣ܾˣ
˭ֵã
ʱһŮɯУ޾ĳŪҪҪűűһȥһΪе㳤ĺʧѽҼǵյ׹ųǵʱ򣬿ɲġһֱӡܲҲܸߡǾѱ˶ɵ𣿡
ɯ
űһӾͷֱ˵ˣɯ
ͬʱϣҲһһģ˼˼ҿˡȻ󣬾Ȼַʽƽ⡣
˵˼Ҳã޳Ҳգ˼ҾҪôɡң˼ƾʲôҪǣһܣɾǾӢ˵
еˣ˼ҸĳЦһ
ѵˣǼֱǻͷβ
ʱɯߣɯǱٶ𣺡նһֱأҪǺǵ̫һս
űһ£ףΪʲôɯܴͨô꣬Ļˡ˼ҴͲ򲻶ӲգֱӰ̫ϾʿһƣԵסĽˣ
̫־磬˭ϧë˭ս
ԣɯ˵һڣֱһŶ裡˭˶ʹ
űŭɯбԼվ˵˼𣿡
ɯĵű־ٶ׼ŭɯǾӢˡãӽԺǾɯˣԺ󡭡Сĵɣ죬ҪôǾһӵϡǿԶһģǷֻһ̫ϾĴڣ˵Ǿһ̫ϣ⼸澳ʿһӵϵĻҲлɱ̫ϵءȻһ֧Ԯ˵ɯͱǳ׸ˣǾӢ˾ͻˣһӾͿԻͨ磡
ɱһճݵľӢ˽䣬һ
ɣԥ
ɣǲ
ɣ
ɯ֮£ŭȺӢеĹӵܡ
ѪԺⶫǴȱ١
Ǳߣɯϳ֮ڣɯһĨмЦǹ⼤ŭȺ˵ģΪɯϳУֻһ̫ϣ
ǡ
̫ϣһһ죬һǵ졣
̫־磬һԼɱ赲ݵֶΡ
ͬʿ֮䣬ݵǵĴڡ
ɯȻ֪ȼߣ̫ˡǴȥŭЩ壬ҲûϾĴ¶ȥЩŭԹѪ顣
֮ǰһΣڲ׹ųǡЩڵʱ˲׹ųǼôɯԱȥ֮ҲĴˡ
ߣǴȥ
ԣɯʵޱǿȻЩ壬ҲȫһЩǵġ
ӢˣѡɯΪһսĳ̶ֳ˵е㲻ǵġʵΪĳǲԸġʱϢ˵͹űͬġȻźǣȴҲٳԷˡ
űЩԥһԼͷôһѪսʹչܸɯһǸСɶھӢ˵ҲһԳܵľ޴
ʱԶգһ˵ңˡ
ű͵һͷ¶ĵǣôû뵽īȻʱˣ
ϣ漴¶˲˼ɫΪɹĳīϣȻ޾ѹ
ϢϢǡ̫ϣ


1640 ǳī
űɵˡ
ӢеЩճӵɵˡ
Ӣ澳ʿҲȫɵˣ
īʲô̤̫ϾˣűĿɿڴмֱȫġ
еЩճӵܺ澳ɵд𺳺޾ľϲǾȻ̫־Ĵڣ˭ѵǸصġ硱
һ̣ͨ˵ĸ˲ﵽһ״̬
ѡֵʱ̫ˣ
˶Щʱ̣˶һУҲҪɯһսʱ̣ɢ̫ϾϢͨ˳ˣ
ھӢߵˣű˵ɵ𺳡̫ˣ
֮⣬κһʱչֳԼ־磬˿á
Щճӵܣĸû̫ϵģƽǼ̫Ͼ棬𣿻˷𣿻ĳ嶯λǴ˵еġ硱̫ϣһ޾ĸм֮
ᣡ
Ȼᣡ
Բܻᣡ
űһ̣ĺȻЩ䡣һǰЩ죬յһݳǱߴݹϢʱûʲôȴùű亹ֱĸо
һţΨиϼľӢ˳Աܿ
ʵӢˣֻλһǹűһɺ衣ʹõԣʵ֮İš
УѹűҪСһߵˡ
űʱû̫£ΪߵˣǾԿεģó֣µķţҲ˵һһЩ֪Ϣ
ɳΪʲô˵
űʱɵĿ⣬ŵ˺ϣ
ΪЩֻһӣ֮Ȼʧˡ
ȫû뵽СĵˣȻǡī
ˡѾǳīˣ
뵽⣬űһƬ
ǵɢ̫ϾϢͳӰֱӳǰȻӢ˴һĻ
ֱ춯أ

űıˣ˴Ļô꣬ԭĿģȻӢˣ
ǳī
Ϊī˼ͲϡȻĻڵ꣬ҲĵĽ½
˵īȻһţҲͲܣڶ̶̰ʱ澳ͻƵ̫Ͼ磡
̫ˣ
ûī
ű𡰳īԼɯǰī˵Щˣ˺ݺݵˣ
ʮа˾ŵðƻһ֪ɯ̫ϾĴڡҲһ㵽˶ԷֿǾӢˡȻھӢʿʱˣ
âɵĳˣ
Ǻļƣ
Ǻƣ
ǺóǸ
ǡ
ǵûͷһ۵ӰűȻ־޴С
ʱ˿̣ܽҴôҴ˵ǳīӢˣϵġλصĴ磡ī˭ԣ˿̹űܹһеȥҴðƻ˼ֻҪ仰ܰȥŪƿԵĵز
ˣͨʲôûȴӰ׵׵뵽Ӣ˵СΪǳīԣǹűǳŮˣһûУ
죬ֶͨΣ˵Ƹߵһĳ̶ȣ
ӽӢеĵλ˿Ժ
űУ¶һĨǿҵİ˺𺳣벻ŬôľӢˣͷȴΪһݶ֪ˡ˼¡
˵ݣָġ
űĴϻ۳̶ȣڳԣһӲµ飬űܲµ˵ˮɽׯϢṩīġ
һ뵽űͻȻǿҵĺڡ
ʱ򣬡īѾɯϳϿգϣǹǿĳӲѹŶԷĳ򣬾һһߵɯϳϿա
ɯ˵ˣˡ˭Ҫս
ɯϳһƬš
ǹ̫Ͼĳƺһӱ˺ܶࡣ
ڴʱһ̫ϾĳԶֱӱһǱߴѣҪһ𣿡

һ£˵ǹűǱ𺳵Ŀɿڴͨˡһ
Ҫġɲ
ȫû뵽ҲûݳɯȻ̫ϣ
Ǽˣ
Ҫģַʽһٵ춨ӢеȻƺɯе̫ʿþӢ˵ĳԱܾ֮󣬳ġ¾ǿѣ
Ҫ飡
ڣɯ߾Ȼð̫ϣ
˵ͨ˵Ľ̫ϣҲûô¡һƴĻ϶ˣܵصˡ֮ǰƻıѪУһоﵽۡž޴ĳ룡
ɯߣȻֵܹڶ̫ϣô᲻е
ͨͨ˽⣬νܼȻЩϢ鱨Ĺ壬δ֪ࡣ
պ˽ģЩܣ
ɯ֡Сڹȥͨ˴δǷСܴĴȡɰˣ
һֻӬᣬҲû˻ȥ׷ŲӬ
˭룬һеСһֻСӬȻ̫ϡ
ͨ˳Ĭʱǰ̫Ͼʿ˵룬۸ǵġҪƺңȻƽɯĶãôҷǳԣʦûʲô˵İɣʦͽˣɱǡ
ţͽֵ̫Ӧһ䣬󵭵˵ɣѣȻѾˡͲҪŤŤˡǾһսɣ
ͨ˴˿̾͸ոյĹűһѣ
תߣôĲ֣ȻһǺȻӦսôˡȻɱ⡣
һ˲䣬ͨ˾˾˵սս
ո˵仰֮ͨ˵ɫȻһ䣬ʧ⡭ôܣ
ǱɯϳУȻӰǣȴǳͨ˵ģֱӷϸ죬һȥҲ֮ɫ
ǿŵķ򣬸ͨһȫͨвķλ
űˣȫûиܵκε쳣֮Щ˵ķӦҲܸܵƺʲô·ˡ
ˣ˺ð죬ڿһɫ۵Ӱͷ׷ƮȻɵĴǸλһ
űֱӾͱˣ
¶޾֮ɫʧô㣿
ˣǳī
ЩеĹճӵܺ澳ʿҲȫɵˣĿɿڴĿǸˡȻٿոĿгݵԸӵǸˡ
һģһ
ˣ˫ֵ̥һ㣡
ȥûκα仯
⵽ô£
ʲô
īһ𺳵Ĺűϣ¶һЦݡ
űһӾˣǳī


1641 ɯ
ǵģûмĳī֮ǰͨ˾ǳīϢϵϣûκΥ͡òһģһʲôɡ
ɵĳīǰһ̣űһ¾ϳĳīԾԵȷλĳī
һ꣬ǹϣָȥ˺ܴĲͬ
ǰһӦеı仯
ðĳīһٶ궼ûκα仯ΪĵѾˣᷢκεľ޴ıˣīȴһһֱָٵڡһٶĹôûһı仯
Ǵ
űʵĿųīԹԼӦò쳣Ϊʲôȴһֱûܷ֣ⲻǴʲô
һűϣҲ¶һõЦݣ͸˳ī
ʱ򣬳īѾߵͨǰ
ͨ˵ɫһһ࣬ȫû뵽īȻܴǷڶ벻īôġ
ѾҪˣīˣ
ңһȻȫڳκһ̫Ͼʿ
ͨ˸Ȼ֣ȻЩīľͲˣ
ôܣīѾ̤̫Ͼ磬Ҳ
ͨޱ𾪺𺳣ɯ̫ʿиһƬ䣡
꣬ϵĳ޷ȷǣսѷɫǸ˫ֵ̥ܣ
ǵģɯ̫ʿУˣһ˫ֵ̥ܣ
ǸӼɵ
ΪǷ·ܹ˵ϣܵһµ
սʿӵеġ
̫ˣ
ԭһƣգۼͱ˶Զ
ɯߵƣȻ޴档
ӢߵʿȻȫޱȵ𾪣ǲʲôЩ˷ܣ
šסԭĿеġ硱һֱһˣ
īЦеĿͨˣ˿ûв˼˵Щ꣬ˡ
ͨһƽĿųī
īȴֱӽͷת̫Ͼɯ˵ҪôԶͦõġ˭һս
ǰͷųɯ̫ʿ˵ֱӳŸ֮Ϸȥ
ͨ˿ųīıӰ¶˼ɫ漴ϣ¶Цɯߺֵ̫ʿ˵ѣս
ɯ̫棬¶һĨ֮ɫҪսսʤֳ֮ǰҲϣѪɺӡ
ͨһΣĿͶűЩ֣ζҲ㡣
˵һ񣬵ڸ˹űӣ
ոջõ̫ϵľ磬ֱӢЩҲκεִ
űеˣīû˺Ĭͨ˵Ĵڡ˵ĸоĬ֮䡰˫ֵ̥ܡ¡
ͨأҲû˺뷨ַͨʽ˺ǿҵ⡣
ˣʲô飬һս֮˵ɣ
ű̾ϢһȻ̫Ͼɯ˵һʼ̫ϣûжǴɱķϣǿδʤ֮ǰݲҲһ
˵ɯ̫Ͼ棬ƽĿŹűйžƺһ㶼ûܵѹӰ졣
Ϳ̿ҲԸű˵ɴһսʤˣôӽԺ󣬾Ӣ˽ɢΪһǿ򲻹Ҳûдڵˡ
ű⻰úܶ˶ֱһ㶡ЩԹӵǣܿͨˡȷɯû취£ҲûдڵļֵˡԣȻЩȴܹܹű˵
ͨ˵ȴǴӹűĻУ˱ζаѾͷƬӣƭʮʱ򣬷һ£
űǿͨҪӢ˵˼ַͨʽȫ֣ܶͬʱҲǷֹͨսУī°ӣ
飬֪᲻ᷢűڸûôͨˡ
ɯߵ̫Ͼһ¶ЦǰˣǲǴӴɯ
űͷȻǶˣɯдڵô
ⲻƽ·ͻȻһӰɯ
ĿŹű飬ƽ
űڰ֣˵СӲҪ졣
ΪʱűѾˣɯͲɯ죬ҲֻƾµϼһһСѾͷ֮ǰȴװŪƭȥˡԣɯűһ̬ȶûС
ɯŭ˵ɯѾ޾£һ仰ͽɢģűֱˣһʵ㣬⼸һ߳ƬأɯǳҲܽɢֽǵ˻ڣǵĻ껹ڣǵѪڡʲôʸǽɢ
ɯⷬն·һֱĬɯϳȻһ
ǵ˻ڣǵĻ껹ڣǵѪڣһս
һս
һս
Ѫ죬ŭ񷡣
ضΪ֮ɫ䡣
űɫЩѿɯһ
ԭͨͨ˸ԷⳡսȻѪеѹɯŻ
ͷ´ȥһӢǣ
̫ϾʿпѹɯֶΡӢ˽˲ΪͨĻ⣡
ʱģӢˣ˵壬ĳˣ
űҲкֶܶΣԽ̸۵ķתӢϡ߱ܶеĸ߲㣬ȫ߱
˼ɯҲɵԼֱӻɯԱѪԡ
űһ֪̾һսزˡһᣬ˵Ȼˣûʲô˵ˡɯ̫ǰź
ű˵ţֱһ֣Ӣ˵ֵǣһǿͨ޾¡ɱ޹ߣʬǿԶѻɽߵԴҲ죬ǾӢˣеǣ
ǣ
ǣ
ǣ
űһͬ˾ӢߵʿѪ
ͨ˿Լλ֣ƲƲ죺ѡ˵ǿͱеɣѣҺúÿһʲôʸս
ɯ̫棬һ̾Ȼ󵭵˵ȻˣǾսɣûʲô˵ġɯȻܴô꣬;ѹ׸
¡¡
ʱУһ춯صĲ
ƬĲֱֻ̮ҵķɢ׷ɣ
Ǳ߳ī̫ʿѾˣ


1642 ս̫
ʿ֮ս춯أȻַ֮ͨ£Ȼ׵ĺ񷣡
īս̫ϾʿһƵӵ˷Ƭ񷶼ŲУҲâ
̫ϣ
̫֮ϣ
ֺޱߵĴֱѹء
˫ｻսȴֱӰ쵽Զ
ͨѾ֪жûйּսˡ
˫һܹһƬɽӣȻѾɵ˾֮ϣ˴˼սϢȴȻѹͨ
䣬֪ж飬Զһ£ϢЩѾ
˫ӰͨĴԽԽԶϳϷȥ
Ϸź֪Ľ硣
˵ս֮£ǽ綼ʼɢһ޾ңԶķɢȥ
īսһ𾪵ĵز̧֮䣬޲ĪĴ
˫һ֣ԷɯĵɯѾˣ׷̫꣬ϣսȴѾȫ׵Ĵﵽ̫ϵˮ׼
ˣɯδڹȥδ˵
УĪܲʡһ̫ϾʿȻܸսƾеĳ̶ȡĳ̶ֳϣԷȻƿⳡսĽ࣬ѹ
ϣȻоûʩչɶԷѵûô
ɯŭһȳˣ
󣬷һ춯صһͭꪣɢϺ;ϢȻī
һֱҪƬ񷶼
ͭꪣصԸӣ֮׷ױ顣һʱֱӴī
ʱ·𱻽סˣֻʣһ˳ꪡ
īΧʱ޾
ˣվṳ̂뵽磬һĲΣ㲻
ɯɯǱ֮
īϣʱ¶һĨصЦݡ
ţ壬飬߽⣡
һ˲ػһ顣
һĻɯ¶ŵĹâޱȾֵĿųīǱ塣
ȻǸꪴͭǸطһӳ޾ңԶĵط
ʱ򣬳īһ˲ۺ»һӰս£̤һֻ޴ƥĵ¯ͷһӵƽֲУ޾һ㻷ơұۡһѪɫ
ǰѵһ˲䣬ɯƤӡ͵һ䣬뵽һˣ
㣡˫
ɯУȻ֮ɫˣΪʲôӢôǿҲˣΪʲôӢôϵʿ
Ȼ˻ˣ
ѾʧʮԪ֪ͨµˣΪѾˣ
ôܻ
ҡôǿ־磿
ͭꪣڼΪңԶһˣոһȫīľٶ̫Ԥˣ
Ȼܽ˲飬ӱʱѹӿһ
Ȼķ˾ˣ
ɯۿųīǰѪɫ쳤ݺݵնУ¶һĨ֮ɫ
ǰѵ˵ļ̫ˣ
꣬ǰѵ̫ɱ¾ͨ飬ǰѵ֮¡
Ȼֳˣ
ȻƿǸ˫ӵУ

ɯһŭķһӱ
ͷͨ磬̤ͨĴء
̧־һƣֱīնһâ
ͨأ֮
֪жٴ߱ôӱչ֮س˲ϸ죬ңԶĲ׹ųǸȥ
ɯƣһâ˲һģɯ
ݹͨĹʷҲûжٸ̫ϱӲ
ȴǰ
ɯɯޱȾ
־磬ѱɱˣˡ
ѵ̫аˣ̺ɱ̫ˣ̫ʿͬ־壡
Ǹͭꪣ˲ɻصɯɯУҲȫʼ˷Ĺɱ
Ϊ֪˭ˣ
ʮԪ֮ǰλ˫ĳӣ
ǶͨʷУλӣһһͨǿʧ򵽼û˸Ҹһս
ʧˣ
ͨв֪ˣȫһ
Ƕ³ɵģȻûۼλ˫ӵķˣģȴĴ˵
帲λҲʧˣǰҲһͬʧˡٺϢ˵λӣĽɣˣٵڳ壬λӣͳһܼɻĻ⡣
ѾûȥˡǱʱ䳤档
Ȼֳˣ
űȴǰսȻǰѪɫǰ
˵ͨܿġҪ´ˣ
ɯܾҲܷŭŭųīĳֲǣǵ鷳Ϊ
ңǡ
īޱǿơսһǿԸӵĳ̶ȡ
շһ̫ϣɯгŵĹâǿŰ׳һųīһͶ̫ϣ
Ǿʹ㿪ʼ
ī˵ţͬƽɣ绷ƵֱۣͻȻɯ
ɯʹͭ
ϣ
һȻ죬Ƭ֮ϣĽ֮£Ȼ
ɯһʹĴһƬ
֮һӹעСճ̼
ɯתԼָȻҧгݵĸīսһԸͶ˵ģ
ȻĻ̫Ĺ壬ǡʹֱõ޻˵īǿսͶģ
˵ÿһɯͽѪԣǿһ
սڼͷǲ֪Ľ綼֮սĥ
ǽ磬Ƿ򻯳ɣѰս˼һ㡣һ磬Ҳֲܵķˣȴܲˣսš
޾Զͨ˸һɯ֮սҲչˡ
֮սײг̶ȣ˿ߡ
־磬ûߣ
ֻԵǿߣ
ͨ˺һɯͬʱҲڹעųīߵսۿųīѹŵɯڴһɯ죬ͬļ١
ҲѾ֪˳īǺҲŭͨˣǸǸ˫ӣ˭
Ҿҡͨ˵˵ţ̧֮䣬ÿһϣƲīôײУʵϣһ㶼С
ֻһ㵽˭ɯԩ޳ǵĳҲǣһɯ죬ͬԳīɯеŭΡ
ͨ˵Ļش𣬼īһģһҪôͶҪôôΪʲô޾£޹ԴˣǲҲҪһΪʲô
·
ͨĴ֮ϣɯϳޱȿֲѪȵɱ¾
űɯֱӾսһ
ɲǼ䣬ƬֱӾͱˡ


1643 սɯ
һս˫˭û˿֡ɯܹݺƬ޾£ǳصġӢߣսȻѷʤھʿ࣬ϾӢߵҲ㹻ԣսֱ˽״̬
űɯ֮սҲ൱ҡɯӷǳҰսҲ൱񡣹űС壬սļɺͨ˵ҪʤһսľϣҪɯ˲١
ԣ˫֮սһʼɯѹŹű򡣵ʱƣűҲЩӦ˵֮󣬷׼Ѫԡ
ϣ
ɯֳ䵶ֱնűͷ­䣬䵶˸űĺâɱ⡣
űֳһѳͬһıСݺݴɯüġ
ұȺôɯü䣬һĨɷ
䵶˿ͣնűǱߡ
űĳѾ̵ɯüǰޱȵĽϣǺɱѾɯüĴơ
ͬʱɯһ䵶ҲѾն˹űķ۾һ䵶Ҳڹű䡣
˫˭ûһֵ˼


졣
ɯüĴһӵķָֻ״󣬵ȴס˹űһ
ͬʱűͷϣҲһ֣ͬһǿķϳһս¡
˫Ĺݺݵ䵽ʵ
ۣ
űֱһѪ
ۣ
ɯҲ³һѪ
Ȼ˫ȱٶȵĶӵһ
ɱ

Ůķһȣٶȳɱһ
ʥţһŸԵĶֺݺɱ
Ⱥܶս鲻ľӢ˳Աǵս飬ȴޱȵķḻ򣬸źһ𣬲һ·ġ
ս£˿ɯǿ
ѩԴʥֱԳ壬ǿֲǣɢѹһȺͬڴʥɯԱֱѹǷޱȵצӣһͽһʥɯԱƶǣֱӴӸ䡣
èʥһֻɫĴèֻһɴСȴޱȣÿһڵ˵һֲ˿ڡ
ƬϣѪѪڡ
ɱ죡
޾ĸ֮ϣͨĽ֮£īɯ֮սҲѾβ
īһһÿһĴ
ڣĵѾȫѹ˶ԷĵսҲȫѹϺˣ
ʲôܣī־ǣ
޵£ԷûȡϵˡԵСսͨһѹסԷһͷ
ԣ𿴵ɯĴ󾳽Ҫ߳īۺʵϣȴīѹŴ
ŭޱȲʣȴıֽ֡
ıѹƣġ˵ƴܸԷشġ
īƴĻᶼ
ֱӾʹˣ
ɯûīʿ
أ
īۣһκڵɯҼ֮ϡ
ٴ´ƬĽ
֮õɯԾ˿ͷ
ϣ
߱նڶԷһ˿ڡ
īԡѪԼģҲжԷġԷҪһЩ
ī˫۵Уɱ
ţ˿ʼ
Ҳǵɯ֮٣ս˵Ķ֡
ͨŶԷȥ
֮ϵĽ磬ĥҲԽԽࡣع򣬿ȥޱȡ
дʥʿ˲ͻᱻ顣Ȼ澳ʿҲܡ
īȻû̫Ǹ磬ȴж硣жȡڣеҲû˿˥˵ĸо˵ɯϣеĿݽˡ
һߣͨ˸һɯ֮սҲƾУĵѹƣ
ͨ˵ʵ̫ǿˣǵлսһɯܱȵġţɲֻͷô򵥡޾µĥ£ͨκһ棬ԽͬЩ֡Ϊŵִڡ
䣡
ͨ˵һǿͨɱȥ
ͨȻһƬƬĵ۴αȵţС
˲ϢͽһɯΧÿһſڣվһǿƥ顣Įɱ졣һһɯ칥ɱȥ
һɯŭһǧͬʱʩչԼһУҪƽͨ˵һͨ
㷢֣Էĵ̫ˣƬͲʲôӰͻ󣬶ڵģޱʵĶ
еȺ飬Ҳȫʵڵģʲô

һɯ̲סһϵĴڣ棬ɽңȻɯһʹ˶Ͼ
飡
ֱӴɯλһϣֱӽӻɡ
̫ϾĴڣҲ̲סѪ
ѪһοĨɱһ澳ʿ

һͻȻ޾ңԶ
ţһɺ嫵Ĳֱӳ߳
ͨ˶΢΢һУ¶һĨŪ֮ɫһӳһɯԣһնơ˲仯
ȻһƵһɯͷ­ն
䣡
Уһ
̫ϾĴڣȻնȥͷ­ֱ
ͨһѽһɯͷ­ץУȻ󣬳ԶǱߣݺݵĽͷ­ӹȥ
飡
ͷ­ȻǱֱӾըˣ
һɯԪǱֵĳģϵϢȴѾ
ֱ̫ӷϵˣ
ͷ­Ȼˣ
ֽԡ
ͨˣ̫ǿˡ
ǿͷ­ıǱٴδһһΣУȻһ˿ʹࡣ
ɯĹ棬ûü֣Ѿˣ
һսͨ˼ױ޾»κ鶯ݡս
֮ٶȳ֣˲䱬ƬնΪ֮𺳡
īǱߣҲɯ򵽼û˻ֵ
Ȼ󣬳īһնȥ˵ɯͷ­һ̫ˣֱӽɯԪĥһ֡
һҪⳡս״ˣ
̫Ͼľͷ٣ֳ棬ͨѾ޾ûгֹˡ
һΣѾ׷ݵʮԪǰһ̫汻һΣֱӽͨ𺳵òܳ
ʮԪ֮һα̫Ͼ֮սһҲ̫Ͼ١
֪ɯÿһ죬Ůɯж֮Ҳı䡣ζһִУҲɯ֯еһĻ
ڽ죬һɯ̫Ͼ棬Ѿ١ȻûȥѾʧȥ˼սȥ
ʣǸһεɯ죬Ҳ׺ĹűƵòܳʩչȫͨ
ɯĹ֣սϵľ棬Ȼûκθı䡣
棬ˣһͷȻǳҪһֻޡ
һͱͨϴɯͷ­һ£˵ˣҲѪԡֱӸͨսһ
ϴɯɯ죬ֻʣ˵ԪȻؾ۳ս֮ȥ̫࣡
īһˡ


1644 Ӣ˵
ⳡսѾͨмйĹעͨ磬ȻޱңԶϢĴݣʵкְܶ취ת˲ԣߵսѾ̫ˡ
һЩ漶ͷ׷׳أעⳡս
ɯͨݺô꣬һȺСӺָܸģ
ɯд̫ϾľͷֹܻһȺСӣҪԴ
֪ߵغһȺСƨŪһʲôӢЦҪӢһֱʵͱѹˡ
ͨƽ̫ˣһЩʵ֣ҲǺ¡
ⳡսһʼʱ򣬺ܶۡ
ʱĲšܶ˵ۣ˱仯
ȺСӺָͦѽ
ɯǱ̫߳ϾľͷСӴܡǾȻðˣ
ʲôӢߣҲ̫ϾʿǴðģΪʲô֮ǰûеõ鱨
飬ھ͸ҲӢߵ̫ʿ˭ʲôϲ£
ȺСӣƺҼҡ
ֱɯߵ̫ϾͷȺ٣ֱͨ˺䶯
ǲģ
Ӣ̫ʿ˭û𣿡
һȺǸʲôģ鱨ϢУôܺ˵ϢȥĹ̽⵽ô£
̫ϾĴڣھӢ˵Сǵսֱѹɯߵ̫ʿϢ˸о˲Ǿ֣
ǴûзһСɵȻôǿƵ̫ʿڡȴһֱ֪ûа취ܡ
鱨ѵ𣿡
ڣ̡ϵǼھӢǱߵӵܡʲôսϵϣҲøϵϣҪ֪ǵڸʲô
ʲôӢ˵Удϵ飿ô£˵
ʱƣԽԽĹ￪ʼо˾֡ΪͻȻ֣֪䣬ֻаʮѾӵǶݵĵ̺
ңϵ飬ǸԵļӵܴӢˣʵҲúܶ˸о˷ŭ
ǵҪʲôҪ췴𣿡йĸ߼ӡ
ƺеСȺСǵҰİ
ҰĲ£ؼǣӢܲǵƿ֮У
Ӣ˵һŮӡˮɺ衣˵Ůӣ֮ǰһġ
Ůӣгء
һα񣬾ȻƿؾӢһңУȻڿѹ̫ʿˣңô£ΪʲôǴûеõصϢ
鱨ԽԽϸЩͨеĴǣҲԽԽŭһĻ̿֡
ҺãЩϵġα񡱣񶼻Ǹӵܵƿ֮СȻĻһӻֺ̿ͷŭġ
ˣӢ֯Ҳһս̫˸ˡ
ǣѹ̫ϵ˵˭ȴʼûһ׼Ĵ𰸡
еĹ壬ȫѹ˹塣˭ùűʼոǴھأ
ЩͻıʣͬҲһίȻ֪壬£֪ҲǶࡣһս֮󣬿϶Ҫʸġ
һЩĹԱھͶԾӢ˲ȡʩ飬ǳһ˲䣬ֱӱˡ
ԭܼ򵥣ӢˣǸ˲ˬ֮⡣ĸ߼ĳԱȴȫǳԸ壬ǸĵճӵܡѹӢˣǲǵѹԼӵô
ֻȷ£һӢˣ˭ƿأڶѹ̫ϵˣʲôͷ
ɯϳߣսȻڼ
īһˣǰɯԪһжȴ·硣
ǱͨˣɯĹ棬ͬռžԵơ
սÿһʱܶᷢ޴ı仯
ӢʧСкܶ澳ʿֱˡɸ澳ʿ֮ͨȫøײк͡
ɯһƣõóֵǿʿӢȫûȡ
ԣһһɯߣҲǻġ
ӣѵҪƴһ𣿡һɯ쿴ųīһ˫лȼգޱȵķŭ֪һֽôҪôһʼͲҪôһʼͰԪĹ滽ѣ
ɯĹ壬ͷصĹޣͷܴҲأѾ޾¡ںܾúܾǰѾߵľͷѡӡ̣ѹɯϳ
ⳡսʼʱɯ죬ûĻȥҪѹ档
һû취ٴηӡҲ˵ⳡսյĽΣɯĹ桭ؽ䡣
һޱȰ˵ϢҲɯеŭ
ȻûŪףӢΪʲôҪѡɯѵΪý
Ҫȥһ͵Ĺ壬Ҳɯǿɣ
ȻֻǵķŭͷˡҲǲ˼ô϶㹻ɵġⲻܡ
ԣһɯ죬ŭųīҪƣҲкý
ǿͶī˵
ȥɣɯŭȣһī
ī嵱УѾںϵĵⳡսںϵĸͳס⡭ҲǳīҪġֻͨսĵõıĥ죬ܸõںһ
īʩչǳÿһ޾ǳ֮
ǿʿ׾ٵĴһǳȴû˭ܹ׾ٵĴǳеõ
īԡ
ս󣬳īˣһսÿһܺ޷赲
飡
ɯĵ죬һαīɡ
һ죬ûڳīһ˿ڡ
˿ڣȴԼеɥ
̫ǳˣ
ȥȫûһ
𿴳īڵͦ˵ģѪǳ¡ʵϣīϵ˱̫ˡ
ôãû
ܵˣ־˵ʲô
˵̫Ͼͷīļսš
ǱͨɯĹ֮սȻѹʽģ
սһֱ֮
УѾдԾͨʿԶԶĹս
ǲҿΪһԼпܱȥ
ϵսҲβɯ˲أʮһˣ
ӢߵʧҲǲС˵ȴǿԽܵġ
ⳡսӢˣֱӴȫơˣΪ֮𺳡
֮ǰûп۵ˣͨⳡսֱӳΪͨġ¹󡱡
ͨٴνɯˡ
Ԫӳޱȳ޵ĿͨˣƺҪױԼԪ
ȴͨüѹǡͨ˸ˡ
ɯԪǹԪѹߵһ̣ȫˡ


1645 
еս˸һ䡣ƬֱӱٵˡĽ磬Ҳĥˡ
̫Ͼɯ飬ŹԪͨѹߡǰԪ˫˫Ϊ֡
Ÿ߲սĽ·һʱ֪˽ɯԱʧȥ˶־
ɯԱѡԾӦǾ仰ҲԸ²뱻ձ˭¡
ⳡսҲ뵽β
ɯɫĺŮӣȴûѡԾ
ΪɯϳдɯԱļˡЩˣ˵һȺ顣˵ǾӢˣǲ׹ųǵԽȫɱ
ԣҪЩ飬ıһ·
űҵȡЩ޹׸һ·ɯҲ֣ͣѪվǣŹű
ű˵ϣ˭޹ģ˵ɯĳԱˣ޹𣿡
ɯɫѿŹű˼Ҫնɱˣ
ű˵
ãõĺܣȻҲûʲô˵ˡɯֱӴ˳ֿѾˣɯһΣΣڽˡ
ǻʤ治ҰѾӢȺճӵܶˡǰˡʵȥܱı䡣
Ϊս
գɯսɯȫû
ɯһЩͱ͵أĲ
ɯ֧ݺͨ޾µȴһսУ׸ˣ
ɯսһ
һսֱͨ硣
ӢˣҲһսˣ
ͬʱɺ裬Ҳⳡսոսֱ߸ϹǣٴδӢ˵ľ
Ϊ֮ûüӦûоҪζԴӢˡԣһ·ϣǳͨ衣ʱһӢ˵ֱҲͳ׳ˡ
ܹȥһ˵ֵ
ս󣬳īͨˣ˫˫ʧ
̫ҪҵűҲֻǵõīһ䴫飬Ҫͨ˽ݱһʱ䡣Ӣߣһ¡鱻նȥ£ҲסˡǲҪϣ⣬ֱͨƾˡ
űīһ£īǱߣȴû˻Ӧ
ֻƬ̣űˣʱ򣬾ûͨˣīҲȷӦóڲ׹ųˡ
ӢһθôĶɯˡؽͨ磬һսҲ϶¼ͨʷŨīزʵһʡΪһսеĹؼܵĹעȻġ
ⲻǳīҪģͨҪģīȻѾͲٸͨˡ
űⷽ棬Ƿǳóġ漴ͰȥⳡսӢ˵һʤԹ̫ʿѯʣһ֪
ֻ˵صǿߣҲǺĹϵṩԴλṩԾӢ˵ıӻ
ҲΪʲôһʼλûгֵԭ
űֽͣȻЩ⡣еĺ߲ܶ㣬ԹűĻشɡкǿҵһҪȥűڹһְ
ܿ챻ѹȥˡ
ʲôЦűôװŪ
㳷ȥȫְΣͻֱӻصô
ģ
ΪǾӢ˵ĸ
УŵȨԴȫڹǲ׹ų̫ˣ
ԣֽˣǲ뿴űãڲɸ˵Ŀİˡ
ЩеҲ١ЩھӢӸλӵܣҲŲͬ
ܾЩӵ˵ˣȴûмΪЩӵܣһǸԼĵճݵλ൱֮ߡ
գⳡսȥһºͨеЩ壬ԾӢˣ˵һӦ
Ǿǣ֧֣ԣ
ʵĬˡ
ڰھӢ˵ļأȴҪȴǰܶΡ
ͬʱЩ壬ڰȫԸھӢ˵ӵҪ󣺾㲻ܳΪ٣ҲҪΪһȨĳϣͬʱԾӢ˵ȫͬ
һǺܶ巢ģǲһֲһ·С˻һα
̫ˣֱǶԾӢ˵һ裡
ܶ˶ͬȴ𲻵Եء
һˮ塣ͨϵļ֮һ£Ԥϵѡޱȿݵ̬ȡǺֳ֧һƿ˵
ɺܼ򵥣Ҳֱס
һˮĶϱˮ˵Լˡ
ڶʼձŸˮľ룬ǶģӸ˵ʵһйĴڡԣÿЭеĹϵȻĻλãκһĵճӵСĹ塭Ը⡣ֱӷԡ
ɣޱֱףһڶûС
˼ҿϲ˵ˮĶϱûһ㡣Ȼֱ˵ؼءΨгҵĶϱʺϵģ
ܶէһҪʶȥϸ룬Ҳûʲôɷġ
ɺĵ££ʵѾ֪ˡֻû뵽ˮȻת̬ȣֱͬ£
һȺϺ֪꣡ˣڰˮ岻Ҫ
Ϊˮֱ׵һԭ򣬾Ȼ˳ݣȴûԼϹ
ԣˮŻ˵һйˡ
һ㡭ͬҲû
ȻЩȻúܲʹ졣˭֪ܳвϣݣᷢ仯
ˮĶϱ㲻ƴˮ壬Ҳ֮ΪС
£顭
ѾôȥˣЩȻα񣬿Ҳ֤ļֵҪʱǣ
ԣ£ȥҲֻʱ֮
ΪЩ壬ˮ壬涼ĺܡھӢˣǸû̫ĺð취
ȥдԼҵӵܣǵճġȻҲܷΣôҲֻԼӵܣھӢռݸߵĵλˡ
ֽƺЩҲû취˭ǵͻȻ־Ӣ˵ļֵڹȥдþӢ˲СǹҼŪһСƺƴʵϾһɢ֯ʱܱ
һսɯˣ
Żˡ
ȻڶҪҳѹ̫ϵĴڡ
ǳ˴̽һصġ硱֮⣬ʲôõϢûõ


1646 ͬ
űڲ׹ųǲô꣬Ҳһջûеģ
ȻڳīϵնȥϢѹסˡڹűĲ֮£ȴӲǸѹסˣ
ܹѹ治˵٣»ûб¶ȥ
Ҳֻ˵Щ嶼̫ˣȻҲ̫ˣ
ôȥѾûж˻ǵóīˡʲô˫ӡҲѾʷĳС
֮ززɯ쵽ȥ˵ܹǵˣҲûм
˵Ӣ˵ȷܲ
Ϊһս֮ûáѾ˺ܶĻҵ顭һΡˣ
һ£йڵȫͨ飬һ˲䣬ȫתƵ˻ҵϡ
˵Ӣɯһ޴ʤôҵٶȴȥһΰʤ
˫ȫǲһġ
ҵȣЩ飬ĶСˡ
˲˻صս졣
īֱӴͨˣӦúú̸̸˰ɣ
áֱͨӸ˿϶Ĵ𸴡
Ȼ˫ֱ뿪Զ˲׹ųǣֱӷɳһƫƧĵطͣ½Ų
ͨ˿ųīôģ
һǸС磬߳ˡī˵


ܣͨҡҡͷһ˫¶ĹâųīС磬ʶ棬㲻֪ȴȫûоҵʶ
˵ôīһһӰͻȻͨ˵ǰ
Ӱֱγͨ˵ģȻһâͶ뵽ͨ˵ľʶС
㡭Ȼܹҵʶȴûҷ֣ͨ˵¶һĨΣյĹâųīôģ
㶼˵ˣǸ˫ӡīЦЦô
еļƻͨŭųīû뵽īھңһսȻѾ̫ϵĲˡһһСģͻǳ鷳
ļƻαطҪǣءīƽĿͨˣУĿģҲǺҵĿģȴĺܣҪѰ걻࣬Ҫǣһ
ǣҵǸ𣿡ͨ˿ųī
īͷҵˡ
ͨ̾ϢЩС㣬ãƾһ˵ܸĵ˶Կô
䣬ûд档ĸȻЩġīͨˣӢˣȥɯҲȥԿҵ顣ȴԶеĹ忪ս
׾ͺã֪ҪʲôͨĿųī
īҡͷҲ֪ͼı̫ҿ
ߣҪ·ˣͨҲʲôΨ·İ취Ҫ·ҪԴޱȾ޴ģоӢһ֧šͬʱͬҲȫĹ塣ԣ֮䣬лᣬ̸һ̸ġ
ǲġīͨˣŲ㡣
ƨֱͨŭˣŭųīҿӹô
ûٿӡīһֱĻشҲ֪ôֱ׳˵仰ġ
Ŀ㣬ڶ̶̰֮ڣӵսû´ĻһУѾʼһҲѾʼ򷨹ڡͶ֮䣬һ̫ϵˡп㣿ͨһŭĿųī
ûĽҵȷûôʹﵽ־硣īͷͨˣһ㣬Ҳֻʮʱ䣬ʹﵽ־硣ǰδػܾ顣ûУֱǿȵֶΡһҿǿߵȫԣҲҲٸ֮䷢κεĽ
ī˵ţƽĿͨˣķϣӢߣҿԲȥҴ㣬㡣ҲٲˡԺ󣬷ϵЩ飬ҵļֵ֮ܺ⣬Ҳȥκˡ
ͨ˿ųīǲԵġ
Ҳáī˵
նȥзѵԸ𣿡ͨ˵Ҫּ̧ѹīѾˡīҸ˵оԵİʱ뿪
Ҫ£նȥ񣬶ҪЩ塣ī˵£һԼ
һ˵ԶҲɹͨ˿ųīһҧ˵СӣѾ˵ϣҲӦһ¡ӽҾٿƭ㣬ָ㡣ҿñԪ񡭡
û˵꣬īϣǰҵǰҽҲҪʲôˡҪԼвʲôܶ飬ǴӳϣĪķ硣ԣǲҪһʲôˡ
ͨ˶ʱȻ֪˳īҪʲôȴܸоīЩûȤ
ī̫ˣ
һ꣬Ѿ޽ӽ̫ϵʿдʱȥָ顣˵Ҫ߸Щ壬ͨ˿ǳ˵Σȫܳɹġ
ī䣬˵лܹɹأ
īӡ˵УӴӲڿ˵Ӹ˵ʲô
ͨţ̾ϢһųīЩεĵǣ㾿ҪôҪʲôܸ𣿡
԰īͨˣҪؽ壡
⡭ͨĿĿųīҪȷϣīǲġΪ뷨ֱþӢȥ忪սһսӵĲף
ֱû׵ˣ
úܲǰɣīһͨˣȻЦЦǲ㿴ֻҪϢһųȥͻ壬ɴǵ綼㲻ϵСֱ𣿡
㻹֪ͨһĿųī
ǲҡīģ˵ĸ֡
ƾʲôѽͨ˿ųī˼ƾʲôңһɣ
ī˵ţͨһȭҪƿؾӢˣʵԸԺˡģҸ˵㣬գҲ֣ᷢӢˣġǳģҲɺ͹űġΨġΪһ˼¶ȥôй̫棬Ź
ͨĿųīΪʲôҪ֪
֪ġī˵Уĸٸһ㣬һ㣬ԽˣʵҲûáĸվԴЩ塣
ͨ˿ųīڡҶԸЩľģ
һ㶼ĺЩĺ⡣һᣬֱЩ壬ԥīͨˣ˵ǣԱյǸĿ˵еĶԹ޶ֵһᡣԣҿԶܸЩ֮䣬ıҵĳͻ
īͨˣԣǰǵͬ


1647 ֧
һͬīֱˣû֪ȥ
ֻͨص˲׹ųǣڸűһ̸֮ͨ˻ָԭòΪ˾Ӣ˵
֮һҹ֮䣬ӵŷơáӡʥԼīһԶս飬飡
ֹһʱ䣬·ϣŴϹĳʧߵЩ棬ͬʧˡ
£֪˵֮⣬ûκ֪
ûüīиĹͨī뿪ˡ
ʱͨеļѷУʼӿĻҵ顣
ӢˣҲ˳֮ĵһ׮⡣
壬ͬʣӢˣӶǣȥһѷ죡
⣬Ӣֱӽˡ˵Դĺʱ򡣼һνɯľԴӢѾһǳе֯ˡ
Ȼʱ̣ܶ̿ȥҲܲһ㶼ȱٲƸǵĲƸ൱ľˣ
ʲƸֻһ룬һ룬ȫȥŸ˽ɯЩʿÿˣõޱȷḻԴȥˣˣҲõͬĸ
˵ԭһսþӢ˵õ˵һսвսԱĽͶȥʿĸǳˣǿۣ
еʿ˭ҪõԴҪ磬ֻǿԴͲϡ
ӢֱӽһƵƶȣǵĴЩĵճӵܻҪã
һġ
ڳűɺЩ˵źǳīˡ
īǲڸ֮ǰԥĳնȥԼЩѵ
ȻһЩʧˡ
֪ȥĶ֪ͨȴûȥʡ
ͨЩΪűڣûԸԭȻ巢ʲôǶ֪ʱͨһֱѹųīͬʱīΪ¡
ǳīι˵һЩ飬ôҲãűҲãȫٽͨˡһľǿߡ¾ӢҪһǿҲܾ
īűͳ˵Ľܼ򵥣˲ܼ򵥵ƶԴܸӣ٣ԾӢˣġȻٰܼҰǾ°ɡڣӢ˵ķչȹһЩӢ˵ԴҪƿС
īֽ飬Ҳ̸ǿͨˡʵϣͨҪԴһ൱ֲ֡ɯɻԴʵҲôܿۡ
ͨҪģþӢΪͨǿ
ҲֻڽȥʵǸԸ
ڴ֮ǰͬҲеġ
һƽȵľǶԾӢ˵Ŀ֮ͨ˵ȷƿӢˣҲı¡
͹űЩ޷ƿأҲֻ˵С
ⲻ飬ǵκһ壬׾ٵѹͨ˺Ӣˡ
һΣҵ֣ԾӢ˵ͬһǳõᡣ
ȻΪī뿪Щ꣬ģȴһֳ־״̬
׹ųߣҲȥ
ӵŷơáӡʥֱӸűȥ棬Ҳ󣬸ȥˡ֮ģǧź⼸ˡ
ǵȥűʶûжһ䣬Ǵ൱ص뿪
ЩˣӦ׷īȥˡ
ô˵ҲѾ׷īȥˡ
һƬãɽ룬һ֮ϡ
ɽ֮ϣīһм䣬һʯʯϰڷһЩˮ;ƣм¾ƲˡǳīЩʳƳɵġ
̫ϸ˵аصߣͨΨһǸӴžãųī
˼ˣʵϣԼҲ֪һѡǶԻǴī˿ھƣ̾ͨ磬Ѿ£µȻӦʵЩ壬ҵı⣬ЩˣȴһŹҲǣѡ뿪û뵽ջˡ
ӿųīʲôͼľһг𲻱ǽʲôǽˣǽǺġʵҲȰˡ̫Ҳ˵ܳ¡٣Щĺȡ
īЦЦֻԸһƽҪپ뵽
ӿųīҲܺ棬ƾʲô϶Щ岻Ҷ֣֪ڳķϣؽ壬ٵҪڱĵطһ
īͷ㣬պ֪ľǡǾ棬ҵɺͷҲô
ӺȻüųīѵʲô
īЦЦԺ֪
ϲӣģȴǳˡ˵ţںȾƣȻʱ䣬ҲӦÿҪ׷ˡ
˵ţԶ޾ߣһȺӰٵĳ߷
գۼ䣬Ⱥ˱
ӵųīǺȾƣڰȻһյĺȾƣ
ŷƱӶ˶ѽܺóԵӣ˵ţãֱӾͳץһ⣬ֱȥ
ùЦţˣˣСһ꣬ˣȻôһĲᡣ
ŷƿһۣһ߽ǿ⣬һ˵˰ɣô磬˵һҵ飬ͨһĳѾһ漣˺ðɣ˵ȥ㹻㴵һӵģ
÷˸ۣҲŲںǰڻҵأǴ󽫾
ʥʥèʥʥţħʥѩԴʥ׷߹ȫһϲɫ
ʱ򣬴ԶǱߣٴηһȺˣ
桢ǧţǸ
Ȼȫǳġ
ʱգڴˣѾҪȥ˵ʲôˡ
һָʯ˲ȻΧʯ¡ȫǼ¾Ʋ˿ȥ
īЦЦִȡĶʳģֳơ
ʳָ󶯣Ļȥ˵һ䣬ųˡ
һʱ֮˲ŸŶƤͣ˴Դȡ
ӵųīֵܣ˵ɣҪôɣ
һ˷ܵĵһΣǲҪһѴģ
Ӣ㿴ˣû˼Щȫƴ취ӸھӢеӰһҲסŷ̾Ϣ
ǰûʲô˼˵дţҪƿؾӢˣѣ
ҵǾãӦÿԳɹȴϲġ΢΢һЦ˵
ȫͷͬĻ
˽Ŀ⣬Ͷ˳ī˵ʵʲô֪ȴ׷ڳīߡܳīҪʲôǶֻһ̬ȣ֡
֧֡


1648 Ⱥ˲
һΡ
ŵȺ󡣳īȻᣬڳЩҲãҲãĸ㣬Ҫȳī곤̫ˡǲһߡ
˵һ㶼ˡ
ǧʿһʿʦнҲĺܡ
Ϊʦܶʱʦһָ㣬ʤʮޡ
˵īǵĶ飬Ҫʦ߸ء˵Ǿ֮Ҳ˿Ϊ
Щѡ׷īˣҲ˳īͨУʼİס
īûҪһôӴҪĻͲ뿪Ӣˡ
Ҫؽ壬ƾһ֮ҲǷǳѵģô˸ߣؽḶ́Żɺܶࡣ
ԣīȺˣҲûпʲôǣһ·ȥ
ķ棬ͨĶ
ɽӣԭڳġųʮԪǰһҹ֮ȻɽӣҲںУϷֵˡ
֮أ˭ռռû˻úͻķš
Ψг죬һƬ档˵УǱĵطϢЩΪ˱ֳԳһ𾴣ˣطû˴š
īһˣھ滹а·̵ʱЩıһȺ˸סˡ
ʲôˣǶأ˵ȣ˿˵ģһģʿһϢ澳ΡЩĿǰȺˡ
īΪǳܸоȺ˵ĺġӵм䡣
ӵŷơá桢ӡǧźЩڣһͲ򵥡Ҳ˵ɢǿϢȺϵʣ͸һʿкܴ
ʥϵϢȻ΢һ㣬ϵȴһ㶼
īûˮھͳϰٵķ飬Ҳȫڲ
ȻûҪһʵϣƾӵеѾƽ˺ܶˡ
ѣҵûж⣬ֻ·ֱǰ΢΢һȭ
ʵϣ˷ӦЩˡīȺڸ֮ϣ·彮飬಻ʤ˼ûЩڲҲ磬û˼ͨ
ֲɽ·ҿԡ
Ȼܿף¡
΢΢һüȻȺˣ˵ƬȫǶ壬˵Ҫ·ȴ֪Ҫȥη
ӵƢûôãеҪŷȴֹ˺ӣ磬𷢻𡣡
Ȼŷ΢ЦţӺ߳λ΢΢ʩ񣺡ѣǲڶͣҪȥη̫˵
ʱһȥ澳ʿ俪ڣ޲ɶԣѾ˶Ľ򡭡
Ļû˵꣬īˡ壬֮ǰѾ˽ˣȻ˽Ĳȴ֪嵹֮ڵһʱ䣬̲ԭڳĽռıˣǼҹеһҡ
ˣīⶫ壬ûʲôøС
ڽڵƬطڰǰǵġī˵ǲ鷳ⲻǻ鷳
⻰ʲô˼Ǹ澳ʿֱӾըëˣŭųīҪƶ壿
ˡī˵ţֱӳ֡
ߵˣʱһ󼦷ɹķֱͨӳųīߴ
۳īߣһȺ˶ЦĿ֣ûһæġ
ΪҪ
ɯ̫ϾͷܻܵƾȺˣôκ
Ȼһ󶣶ľ󡣶Ⱥȫɵˡ
Ǽķȫˣ
Ǵͨȴ׷һëû˵
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
һĹһ澳۷ľͷҲ˵ܹɵĽ
ѵ׷꣬һ̫ϣ
ܣ
īһѽ澳˸ץ˹
ſ
Ҫ˺ǵү
ſү
ſ
ȺʱŷӦ׷׳Ժǳ⣬ŭųīҪīſˡ
ү
κһ嵱УνүС㣬಻ʤ
Ī˵ճ֧УЩλϸߵļеˣͬҲүСĳƺ
ԣīҲû̫⡣
˱һץҲЩëҲûгɥʧ˵ųī˵Сӣ˴ˣ
Ҫٸҷϻһ䣬ҾšĲӡī˵һ䡣
ƺ˵ʲôīǷݱ䣬ʱ͡Ϊ֣׷ӣƺ˵Ц
㲻ҪÿſǼүȻд鷳ģǸ˵ĵѾЩˣӣƺҲر¡
Ҳÿ֪϶ȻԮ֧֡
ī̾˿ͷһˣ˵ܶĶڣҪķչô
Цͳͳˣ
Ҳһ˵ܶʱ򣬽ʵûʲôá
Ϊˣֻȭͷͺˡţħʥ˵
ץɡèʥ¶
Ⱥȫסˣͷе㷢ë˵Լǵ⵽һȺʲô˰һģͦ͵ģһìܷͻʱ򣬾Ȼȫô
īץУõ澳Ҳе㷢ڶ壬ȷʲôӵܡֻһүԼϣҲ˵һ硣
ȺˣʵֻеģǡˡҪһˡ
ȴû뵽һȺӲӡ
ңڣչ⼸䵽Ⱥ˵ĶУҲЩ
ȺģҪʲôʲôʱھˣ
ǵʲôˣǸ˻ȣ侲Ŀųī
ʲôˣϵҲǡסֻһξ档īֽˣӻߡ
Էû뵽׷˵Ӿӣе⧲ˣֱӳ֣Ҫǵүס
澳ʿͬʱǵүȴû뵽үϣ·һޱֱӽǸԶȻֻĿǵүӳȥ
зٷ
˲֪ȦͣԶСƺˣŵϵһ£ӦסΣֳ߷ɹ
߰ɡī̾Ϣһ
ûſڣ񹷵ʵЩ
һȺ˳Զֱӷߡ˲ɻƺҪƿڴȴס
ү嶯˵Ⱥˣǣ


1649 ͺϹ
Ǿͺ𣿡ŭʲôƾʲôǵĶֱײ
Щεĵʵ㲻Ǻֱײн磬·Ǻġ
ЩˣȫûҲ졣Ϊոһֱʧȥ˸Ⱥ˵жġΪǶûԼķôģ
ҧǣҵҪʲộҪȥʲôطȻôţ
˶ЩΣգǵͷΪҲܺȺ˵һҪʲôԶ岻ľٶҲܵһʱ˽⡣
ˣȺ˵УʱֳԶԶĸڳīǺ档һΣȴǲٹǰˡ
ǱԶԶڸǣҪҪߣǧ￴ųīʵ
ǧӺӢеĮƽʱҲࡣ꣬УԼһ棬ҲİƢԣȻƽͣʵϣҲһƲ硣
Ǹžˡīҡҡͷ˵ҪڷؽҪǴ򽻵
ǳīһΣǰ¶˼
΢΢һųīҪڳķؽ
ҲȫһԾĿųīǽͨҲͷˣȻǸʱ֪״̬ԳȻ˽ⲻ࣬ٵģҲ˵һ㡣
īȻҲճЩˣ֮⣬ˣĴûī廹ܳϹϵ
īһˣͷҵļҡ
ǰһļ䣬ȻδѣɳīԽǽӽԽֳصĸоĵУһ޾İˡ
һֺĸоͨʵָо˵ȥһİĵطһ˲һرϤĸоҲ޴Ĵ
ʿ˵ָоң棬Ҳݳ⵽Ϊʲô
ȫ̲סһһȵĿųīþò
ǸòǺ˰ɣīڿ˾Ц
ʱȫЦ
˵գǻҵеĴ󽫾
֮⣬ʲôûʶẦ£
ǧš漸ˣԼӺʥõĹȥô˽⡣ȻżȻôһ죬ȴ֪ġȫЩԾ
벻òڿЦǻҵ顣
˵֣Ե
ʥ˵¡
ʥЦЦʲô
èʥһЦѾһΡ
ʥ˵Ҳϲ̼Ҵηս
ѩԴʥޱ飺¸ë
ţħʥ˵ͳû
濴˿ǧźЦŵһ֮޾򡣴һ·̣ûʲôµġ
΢Цţơ
ǧͷ
˵Ĳ¡
һŴЦϲУ˵̫˵Цˡ
ðɣû˺£¸ë
ҪµĻͲͬⱻնȥҪµĻͲ뿪ű
ϾűΪĵŮݵλߣǾӢ˵ĸôǸڹű߼Ȱȫбϡȸڳīǿˡ
Ȼ޷˵ˡ
īҪʲôǶûжһ䣡
ԣʲô
ô
Ҷ¡
߰ɡīҲЦ
أｮһƬҰܡ
ȥ׺ɣﶼֻܾˡѾ귱ģ
ｮ֮ϣǰܱ鲼ֺޱȷ
񣬾ϱڲԫֻһЩӳУżһǲƵĽȻз󻤳ֵĲƽ
˵ĻԻ͡
ȫĪıЩ
ֺصʷɣкһ˿˿ĸоļӿ
ȻûκιϵҲȻܵϢĸȾ
īܱˡ
Դ֮ƬϣѾûп˵ˡ
ǹĶʿԶԶľͣ˽Ųҽ뵽Ƭ֮ء
īǰļ䣬ûоʲôƬɣĴϣеıȴδֹͣǵܰϤϳġ
ļ԰
ڰǰ̫ϲŭ֡
ڣһˣ˳ַһƬƵĹǰ
һᣬӳī۽ǵ䡣
īԼû뵽ƬƵĹȻᡣ
ˮӨƬɣĴϣֱ鿪Ϣ뵽档

һϵȮͣƬƵĹȻ
ţһɫӰӣͬһâһƺҪ𹥻
ȫ΢΢һһҪ𷴻ʱɫӰӣͻȻڵϣվڳīǰ
һϹ
ֱ̫ˣ
ëҪˣңҲʮһȥЩ
ϹϣȴɢһۻĲ
һгɵĵõϹ
ûûëϹվڳīǰĿųīȻ˫Ѿʮֻǵ۾εδ𣬿ʼᡣ
˲䣬£

һȮͣղһвȮȫͬ
һǼˣ졣
֪ΪΣ˵Уֻоһ޵ıļ䡣
䣡
һɷ·ӿ˲Ϣӿϳīͷ
īЩţһֻ֣ɫûëûϹ
ƣô

Ϲеˮƺе㲻˼Ťī
󣬰Դڳī档
ˮ˲ʪ˳ī֡
Ⱥ˵УһӶڻһȫжˡ
ŷ澳ľͷŮӣһߡһ̣ȴ̲סֱˡ
ƣһϹڡĹһֱػδȥ
תֻأȴȻһϵóԼˡ
飬壬Ըжأж顣
Щ飬ȫ̲סȥȦЩġ˲Լ̫ߵǶӣʥҲһ뵽ٵ¡
ȥ˭ǵԼļ԰
ʲôˣ˭֪ǲֻҹλأܳξУ
һȺ߾ĴʿڳƬַϣһϹжˡ
ִӲͷͷ̣ҲȦ
ȿȡ
ƵĹ棬ʱͻȻһϵĿԣȻһ·ǰһ˿˿ĲţǱߴ
үؼ𣿡
īһ̣ױһͻļռݡ
ǰ·һӳǰĻ棡
ǻǳңҲǳã·ʱܻʧ
һ˲䣬īȫץˣȫסˣ
ʱ򣬴ӲƵĹ棬ģ߳һŻ£ͬһߡ
߼ֱ̫ˣʱܻȥ۾ƺѾȫˣ·ߵĺܻȴǳ࣬ͷҲһ˿һӴš
Ȼϵ£ȴһڳ˴δľϢ
߸ߵľ磬ڰȥ֮󣬻ʣ¶٣
ī˲ѵҼУһߵӡ
ǳһͣ
ֻڳīӡеͣɲġ


1650 
˫ƺѾ˫ۣīߣȻšݣȴޱȲϵϣ˲¶֮ɫүүˣڻˡ
ͲΡΡīȻ󣬻ڵϣĿһͷ˫ɿӥצ֣סԼϢĿ̲סޡ
īϻƹԴȻվǰͷһӵ
ǵģϲһˣ
˵䣬īˮҲֱ
ǰļ䣬һ̣ڳ׾ˡ
Ǹǿеġ˫ӡôƺ͵ġ
ͽ§ųīүΪүɣүүȥƭСŮʱı߹
үϲǳͣ
ˣ˶ˡΨ漣ĻܻΪˡʵϣǰĳ壬ûߣ
飬һҹ֮䣬ȫ
ܻţΪʹƣǸʱڳǱүȥһңԶĵطѰһϡеĿʯ
Ƕһ٣
ȵϢʱѾǺܾ֮ˡʱ򣬸˫ĳӣѾʧˣ壬ҲѾˡ֮ͲŸҴŴƣص
֮󣬿ĶϱڲԫһһһȻ󣬾;Ҳû뿪
Ϊţһ죬үģһصǣ
ⲻäĿţ֪үܡ֪ү϶
ֻû뵽һȣǰ꣡
Ҳһǿ׳Ĵ󹷣˽ӣûëûҲûҲˣ˽ӣнľӲд
ڵȵˣҲȵˣȵүĹ
ʱ򣬳īһӣꡢˮɫӥһٶ飬˲Ƭϡ
֮ǰѾ֪ǵĴڣӵŷơӵˣǱһ
ˮȻһֱڲУǶһУȴ֪ġΪīһֱһȴ
ԣ֮ˮŮҲȫ档
Ѿж˵ԣǼϤĺӺʥǼǺ˺ܾõġӵ͡ŷơǶûڵһʱкֻǺ۾ᡣ
ǳīӢˣͨ˺һҪصĸԭ
ΪԴնռ㹻һչǸСһ˲䣬īУѾһ
ֻ֡ؼң
ңīһޱǿֱֻҪصַȥκ飬õıӡ
еϾѾ˰ꡣˣŵġʵֱеôǸ̤нʸûС
ûëûϹƣһֱڳīԣһȥˣӡΨˮƺеɻתȦҡβͣȻͻص˳īߡ
Ҳ֪ϳλǰݣϿһŮݡ
͵ǳˮķ࿴˼ۣҲû˵ʲôֱӽ˰ȥ
ֻһˣѾϵֵزȴȻɣݲȣңϵǹŵķȣ鲻Խһ۷ĸо
ַ̫ˣĵ򣬼еĽȫǿķ󻤳֡걻ƣЩڡԣкܶ๬ǿס˵ġ
Ͱ֮󣬰ѳīеһưܵĹȥ
ſڳīĽűߣڳīĶ档
ԭ˵ʲôµġ˵û˸үƽĵǳī۾˵ѾûˣүҲֻغꡣ㲻ҲվšΪѵ£ƨȴֻһߡ
ȻѾưܲǽϵĵƻȻţȻûôˣԵЩ谵ȴɭ
īĪİ
ָоڹȥЩУδйġ
͵ͦúֱųī˵У̫ˣ̽عǶû취ɹַһÿЩ˽뵽ʲôģ̫Ͼ飬ҲѸٵıǹմȾȻ󡭡翪ʼ䡣
£īЩԾͬʱҲں棬ΪʲôЩ˶û¡
үĵճӣĴӣү꣬ȻϵóүЩˣүıӻȻûˡˣûô˵ġ͵ϣ¶һĨŪЦݣǶãѾˣѾײˡôᶮֻֻأᡣѾ˽ˡЩˡָ˳׮ȴڵġ
˵ţֱóһݸ˳ī޾дɵģȫүԿҲ಻֮¡
ƾſͷڳīűߣ΢΢˫ۣҲƺޱߵĸо
īӹⱾûеһʱ䷭ǿͣϲƵ״̬ƺЩãҩ
Цеİڰ֣û£ҸƣѾӲд޾£ûκδҩһʱģҲˡǻҪү𣬻Ҫų䣬ҪյЩһ¡ЩҲ᲻ȥ
ʱۣգգ˫ۣȻ΢̧ͷųīһʾͬ
īЦˣȡһѼƷҩ˵ȷ°ɣǶҵļˣҲ뿴ܡ
ͿЩҩҲû¶ֺͼ֮ɫΪͣʶ̫õϡǺϲЩ
ƱӶ˶Ȼųīһ죬¶һЦݣֱӵһҩβҡš
Ѿ̫ûôĹˡͿŴƵıӰЩп˵ҲǡʵЩҩǶѰҲõүЩ飬û塣
īͷڻˣӽǲٹµ

ʱ䣬Щ䡣
ڼ˵ĻУԵЩĲɵġ
ԼԭˣҲˡ
ڳīѵһ˲䣬ļ䡭ҲžˡԺУİ˵ȴޱϤĻ档
ǻܲƣõĹӰĳȴ൱֮
һӾˣһǻؼˣ
Ҳҡ
ǰδе룡
Ǽֶ֮Լҵľƽ
ֱ˿̣Ҳ׵˸ΪʲôҪ뿪
һˣڷ¶һ˿Цݣ磬ȻͨҲδ֪ʲôǰһҵĸ磬һֱıӻ³ɳһСô࣬ȻҪҵĸ硣ǰҸ磬ʲôʱǣһȴһ޳ɣʲôˣҲҪһƬ죬㣡ԼһȥСǵģһܹΪһҵҰģǰһµŵԡ


1651 Դ
ڲЩ궯Ϊǵõһ˵ϢѾŰĳַϣһȺˣ
ϢҲ̸жôˡ
͵͵ȥַѰ˶಻ʤȻַҲסЩѰġ
Ϊ˭֪һҹ֮ͻȻģ
ôӴһ壬ĻԻͣȫԽеĹ塣һ棬Ƹôܻ٣ǲƸԻһ˶𺳵֣
ԣ˵磬ڲ̫̤ϹƬаܵĴء
˶ʧѵǣƬϣһëûҵûеõκмֵĶ
һƵķǶûҵ
Ҳʵ¼ˣȫų˵еġء桱ϡһУ϶һ˲ٵˣ
ȻĻôһмֵĶûд
ʵԪѾûʲôˣð̤ϳַˡ
ԣͻڳַϵȺ飬öеĺܶˣеǳԾ
֮ǰīжݳͻǸ˻㱨Ϣúܶ˸е𾪡
ǸΪ׵İ׷ӣ˵ˡڡؽۡ
ȻǰѰðߣҪ˼
˭ԺηҪڳַʲô
Щ⣬ֱӰ˶Щ߲İͷ֮ϡЩͷۡ
Ϊʱ䣬øϻҵ鿪ʼ֡Ϊ֮ͨһĶ壬ȻҲҪһ
ѷԶȴܼװ֪顣ԣ֮ǰոɳ˴еľŶӡȻģǷЩα񡱡
Щϵ飬ͨЩġ
٣Щĸ߲㶼գһۡ
һλҵ֣ģ֮ȴǽʷϺġԣߣҲõϢҪǶһЩӵܹȥ
ʵսȻľ޴˵ҲܾˡͬҲʱ
ܶĵճӵܣһֱڵȴֻᡣһⳡսлɱָзĻôǻص֮󣬵λȻˮǴߡ
ڹУλζȨԴ
ûȨԴʿԶֻײ㡣
ԣ嵱Уȱָսˡ
ߣȻͬҲˡ
ԣʱ䣬޾Ϊʱ
ʱ򣬳˰ĳͻȻжˡȻԷ࣬λӵܺߵѾ֤ʵΪ׵Ǹ׷ʵ൱ֲ
澳ʿǰֵĻᶼûУ
ڳַؽ԰ȴǸطӰ죿Щˣ
Щ󡭡̫ˣ
ףȥһ˰ɡȥ̽һЩ˵ԼҪʲôһüĿ꣬Ŷ嵱ȭʩ˵
꣬ΪڶһУһٮٮߡȻǸ棬⡣ڵӵУҲŲС
һΣսȥҵսȴףʤֹˡ
ڶʤУԼóģǴ̣ǴּڹͨЭϣźǿ
һļλãûȷʤͳҲڿ쵱Сһ㣬ԶĸеѣΪһγеһԱȴûκѶȡ
ԶʤҲҪöӵõĶͰߡ
ӧʤͷãŻȥɡһҪСġҪǷͻŪȺ˵ݺ
ͷ֪˸ף棬ʵһ²⡣
˵ʤͰĿԼĶӡ
ڳַж磬ȥ˿Ӱģ¡ҲֻڲӵܡǸ׷˵ҪؽĻв²⣬Ӧǳĺˡ˵
ʤͷеҪȥȷһ¡
ȥҲǸˮӣ˵ȥȥֱˡ
ʤһڷüͷУһ㶼ƽ캧ˣ
Щ飬о˶֪ȴģ
ЩļһԳĸȫ֪
Ϊ£Щһµһ׮Ѫ
ʲô棿
ĶĴ棿
Уȴû˼
ͨǿһһ򶫡Ӳ¡
ʣµģЩ̫ˡ
ԣʲôŭ˳壬һƭĻԣ
֪ˣҪôѾҪôЩеˡΪȵߣԶ˵ȥ
ʤȻûǳѪΪԵ׮Ѫʼĩȴ֪
κˡҪ
׮ѪΪλ˫ġдԣ˵ѾɹƳ˿նȥķңݺ֪ܶ͸¶Ѿɹնȥʮ
Щϵ飬ǳƿصˣ
£ǴӳڲġΪڳڲҲкܶ෴Ե
Ϊôü治ˣȻҪЩūȫŵôԣⲻ
ԣķԳڲġ֪ģϢȻ˳ȥһ˭û뵽ٶȣͨ
ǰ˵ѾԪǰˣУֹһž޵ĴߡλߣʵǺЩġ桱ԭ
λ棬ûеǸΣ˭˵áһ㣬µ̫飬֡ЩͨеĹ棬ȫλĲ
Ҳ׷ߣ
ˡ
ͨеĹڲЩ̫Ͼ֮⣬Ҳֻмʸ֪ܡ
λ棬Ƴ˷ĿģҪԿԿֻأ
Ȼ־磬Ѿȥֻأֻ֮Ȼܹ𣬵Ȼˡ
ǿֻҪȥֻأͻΣ
Ī⣬˭֪̻䣿
˵ֻصĹУһСģͻ룬ӶУԳһԼķ
̫ϣȻԳ׶ž顣
ԣ棬Ǹž޵ţƳ˷񡢷ƣԼͨһµĴ۳ֶͼԿ
ͬʱķ񡢷ƣַԼЩ׷ߡ
ͨţв֣նԿֻأﵽĿġ
ͷƵȷ˾޴ĳɹ
ǿΪġˣ
˾٣ȴֱǵ
λ棬˲١ΪֲֵزĴڣҲⲻ


1652 Ļ
⣬һеĸԴ
ҲͨĶ֮ʼ
λ֮꣬ͨЩ嶼ʵʵġͬʱҲ˷áǿԿ·Ķţֿҵֵ飡
Щڲģ
Ҫ֪֮ǰЩڲӵսÿһδս
ҲΪʲôͨǶûа취չĸԭ
˷˷ƣ⣬˵ǵõĽ
Щ·ʿÿһһİѱսǿ󡣼ֱսʿ
ǶУû˸ҶԳ岻
һ棬ЩϱиλĶ飬Ͼ˼ҵ¡塭ҲͨΨһ壡
һ棬ȴЩˣλ棬гһաֻع
⣬ǲҶԳ岻ĸԭ
һʲô飬гһգλϴֻعˣǿɾȫɵˡ
ԣ޾£һһĹȥˡ
ʱԶ̫ȥһЩܶ˶֪飬ģҲʱ䳤еһС˻ûµľ档Щ̫Ŀ£Щ£һģ
ڣʮԪǰͻȻһλţ
ţǾ콾
˫ƺţɲǳڲ˽гģͨ˵Ĺϣ
̫ˣ
˵ͨ磬Ͳȱٸšȴûһܱȵϳӵġ
һҫ۵飬ʲôֻҪһѧᡣ
˵ǷѧѧҩѧиϡŹֵĶһ
ˣֱĳ
֪ʶҲӵ˸е־ĳ̶ȣ
˫ų֮󲻾ãͨг˳֮йУЩ̫Ͼ棬;ۼһܵĿһλ顣
ǻ飬¼ֻиļʸģ
ΪǶôص飬Ҫʸ֪ȻĻڽĳ죬ٵʱ򡣿˶һͷˮί׷ʲô
飬Щ˵ǾԲģ
ԣʤʸ񿴵Ǵλļ¼
˿й̫Ϲ棬һһ飬϶ǳ
ʵϣΨжʤ֪߲֪ʱշǳţЩǰ߹̫棬ڵʱȫҪˣ
Ϊǵʱͬݣ϶һ顣
λ˫ӣʮа˾ţǳֹλ˷桭ҲЩ̫
תߣ
һ㣬ʱЩ̫ǾͶѾȷˡ
Ϊתߣλܲꡣûرǿ֮ǰʹ֮ͷ
϶λӣӦþһ˰Ļ
νԱ˰Ļǻļ¼ϣûн͡ʤ澳۵ĵУҲЩⲻˡǿķʽӦþǣƾ
λӣԺ󣬳ġһ档
ԼҲͷǳǣǿӦǲġ
ڵʱλӵĳ֣ͨеĹ壬˾޴𶯡
йе־ģȴλŵĳӣľٶ
ȻƳնȥİ취Ȼɹˣ
һ棬־ٶҡͨйĸ档ܡʵǳλġʱ̣˭ȥ£˭ȥ£
ͳȥĶǱ˵ģߣҪֻٵЩƷҲԣΪٵģѾڱ˵Ķ
ԣͨЩ̫棬־һ𣬿˵ڶλ顣
ҲǴλ֮ͨޱ䣬ͨĹʷдܶ࣬ȫ׵ȥµС
Щ̫涼еǣλ˫ӣڳ屻֮ǰѾ֪ʧˣ
д˵˵оΣգǰֻ֣ˣǼնȥķҲʧˣǰѵҲˣ
Ҳ˵˵ǳʵǱڲܵĴˣ
ΪƳնȥķͬҲ˳ľ޴档ΪȻīΪ콾ǳһļҲУ
˵ӣѾʧˡ׵׵ʧͨ
ʮԪĹȥˡͨеһУѾָƽ񶫷ʤֹļЩ̫Ͼ֮⡣֪ˣѾ޼
֪ȫġǼûˣ
ԣַϣһȺˣǼƣҪؽ塣Զ˵ֻǳĺٶȳˡĿпܲκε̫󲨶һΡ屻桱ĽȴϷˡ
Ϊȵߣ϶еεġ
˵նϲύѵԸ񣬻Ὠ廮һƬ˼ء
飬ô򵥵ģ
ˣֻһ򵥵ĳˣôʤҲԥĸԷƬṩĲƸԴؽ壬óٴγ䡣
ǣˣĳأ
ֽζԴ
ɱһ
̫ϲе˻ɱһΡֻһεĳӣôױɱô
ʤڷⲽԴң֪ӦӦʱ򣬽£ϱ̫Ϲ档
ԥãʤǾȹһʱ˵
ȷ飬ϱ棬ֻ˵졣
ݺ䣬Ǳһ䣬Ҳܲ˵ġ

һͷ޴ϡ
峤ԼǧɣɢһϢ
һͷʥ飬Ȼ澳սȴһ㶼ǶںԵƿأ޺֮ʿδܼ
Ӻˬ죬ȻĻҲȱǸȴٻóˡϲѡ
֮ǰӢ˵ˣҲӴΪ̫ˣڼеĵλѾܸߣҰҲûôԾ͸ܾˡ
Ⲣɺ衢űЩ˵ѹϵ
ɺǸ³ҲûһЩճӵһһĿȥ
ͦģ
һŮӣ΢ǵģ·棬ЩӵУǳ΢ƶ
ȴôҵܽһƿС˵ˡ
Ӣ˵Щ߲㣬ûµʱ򣬿Ե͡
һΣôĶԶ˵ûرӡףʤԳڳϵȺˣģһֺ档
ܿ죬ϵĶַıԵ
ûóȻ룬ֱ¶嶫ǰݷã


1653 սȥɣ
ʱ򣬴ӳ浱Уһͷʲôģʶʶȥȥȥ鷳
ϣ¶һ˿ΣͬʱжеŭȴȻѹ˵ûж⣬ֻҪݷһˡ
˲ͣͲͣǵͷ
һŮ𣺡붫ûʲô飬Ҳʡԣ㻹ذɡ
һΣ¶֮ɫƺЩˡҪصö࣡
ԷȻûб¶ĸ⣬Ȼĵãӭ֮ǰĶڳƺȻЩίϣüͷ˵㶫ռ˴Ľɶ岻ռͬռһҹ֮串ֲǶ塣ǳˣҲӦýԹ޷ŵǶϡΣǰ˴뽻ѣܲṩһλ˵ܽܡ
ʱһֱİСĺӣͻȻַϿһĴһûĿŶ˵ôϻأ˵ֲǾͲˣ
󣬸飬ַÿһϣɢǿҵϢ
ʱЩɫ䣬ȵĿȺָķ顣а鱨󰡣˵Ⱥ˼ҲͲʮôðһٶңȥÿһܲһɺǿ
վĽǶϣȻǲǣһĶĺܣ϶սҵȥˡûлҵ£Ҫ׼Ҳûôס
϶ش
ɯΪʲôݺͨôһͬһֻ⬣̸жǿһھˣվⲻҪһĴ̡
ԣȻĸ׶ʤҲԲ˵ʹ
µԵЩ궯ΪȺ飬һֲܿԽѹ
ЩͷͬһڶͷȻ˵ҲҲģصʶһ
ӻ˵ʲôȻ΢΢һ٣ʲô˵漴ϣ¶ֲԸ֮ɫȻŶɣСˡ
ݵȻ˳ΪС棬һӻ𣬵ȴҷйĿӶҡ
Цһ£ͷֱһ̹Ȼĸӽַ
ӵϣ¶һ˿֮ɫô˵˻е㵨ʶġûôˣ
һˣ϶Ǵַ߽ġ
ܿ죬һƵĹŵУǸ˵еİ׷ꡣһɫص￴ţһ澳ΪĶ־޴ѹȻڴȴѱ״̬
׷Ľűߣһֻûëϻƹͷû̧һ£ſһ
Ҳôš
⣬ǶԳīĵһӡ
¶в죬Ǳĳųīһȭ
īûͷû̧
ЩҲסˣǿŲã˵ʡ
ʴûңҲûǣû壬𣿡īȻеǱϵ̧ͷһ˫۾עŶ
֪ΪΣԭг죬ЩŭĶڳīһ˫˲䣬ȻЩˡ
ī̾ϢһŶȥɡ֪ûʲô⣬Ҳ֪ʵʲô֪ȻĻ㲻ġ
У˾κˡ
׷ⷬʲô˼ʲô֪ʲô
ȥǼǡϱ̫ϳϡīƽĿŶǸ˵ʲôҲûУ͵ʲôҲûкˡ
޶ۣܷԣЩףΪʲô飬ԼôѺˡȻ䣬Щˡ
ճӵܣޱֵزģ
塭֮䣬ʮа˾Ŵ֪ĶԹ
ȻǼĳûж˵룬ҲûҪ˵Ϊ˵Ҳšī˵ţ˵ʲôĶڰ֣ȥɣˡ㲻ȥǼһ仰˵ӻˣնԹ㡣ҪôõͷҪôһǵļ壬췭ظ
䣡
īⷬһֲƥĹڶȻը
˶Щˡ
ӣ
ˣȻλ˫ġӣ

λӣʮԪǰѾʧ
˵
У⻰ʲô˼Ҫõͷ˭ˣ
֪Լôȥģһ·ϣҺġϻصǰ׷ƥĻֱԼ׶ʤУȻ𺳡
˵˵ӻˣնԹ㡣ҪôõͷҪôһǵļ壬췭ظܸܲңô£Ƕ壬Ĵռ˳ΪʲôΪʲôҪô˵Լĸףһɻί
˵СĴûܹί
ʼգࡢеһСȫ˼ѹģ˵ĻᶼûУǿλӣ仰ͽ˼Ҹ˻
ҪǴȥ¶û˻ţ
ڶ棬Ȼ㲻Ǹ϶ǵһݶеһԱ
ǹĹűû׹ų֮ǰλҲǴ硣
ݵλȻ˶Դƫƫһоֱ͸ˣҲ͸ˡ
ʤϣҲ֮ɫŶӣô˵
ǣԭһֶ̾ϢţԼĸףܶ飬ΪʲôǶûʸ֪أ
ʤŶȻ̾˿ûʸ֪ˡûʸ񣡳̫Ͼ棬ÿһļǳŵЩˣҲûʸ֪Щ飬֪ˡһ־޴ѹ֪Ǹţ
סҡͷԼĸףϣܹ֪
֪ˡʤҡҡͷڰֵȥɡŶˣʱ䣬Ҫڼˡ֮ǰ㲻˵Ҫȥҵ𣿻ͷҸʮ򾫱ȥսɣԼСĵ㡣Ҫסǧ֮á
һԾĿԼĸףޱ𺳡ܴһӾ뵽Ϊʲôȥս
ǣѵڶʤսҲԳȺҪɣôܣ
ĿĿԼĸס
ʤֵȥȥɣôˡ£һ
һ̣ڶ˵һļʤƺȥ˼ݣֻһӵĸסȻƽȴǷϺζ·ƣ
۽ǣȻЩʪһΣĽһ


1654 ҷ
ʤڰ֣ȥɣ
۽ʪȦȥˡδԼĸ¶ŨŨġβסǷϢ
СĿݵˣĸס
һֱʤ壬ҲǸһĴڡ
緢ӳⷽ٣ɽ治ɫ
һӣʮԪǰŸ˫ĳƺţٴγֵô𣿻Ǹ˫
ȥ󣬸˫ôô˫Ҳȥö壬̫棬ֹһΪʲôẦһˣ
ģô
ʵĲս£ҪһȥԡδԵѣη塣
游׵ܱȸȥ˵Ǹֻмʸ֪ܡ
ԣֻѹͷе뷨ֱӴʮ򾫱뿪˶塣
뿪ĵϣʤȥ˶Уλ̫ıչ֮ءһλ̫ͣ˺ܳʱ䡣һλ̫Ҳͣһ
պ󣬶ߣһֱ̫ӳж̫棬ѾмԪûгعˡ
֮ȥһ˳ַתһȦȴûнȥȻֱԶȥˡ
īվƵĹŵſڣĿĿ̫ϴȥԷȴûзĴڣ
ī˽ʱҲûܸӦϻƹ͵ĴڡʱѾַ֪Դһķľѣʲôˡ
˺Զʱıǿơ
ѵļ䣬Ǳͽ棬֪̫̫飡
ѵļ䵱Уóī֪ο洫
λµģУȴû˶òǰһĳӣͬһž޵ҵ˿ķͲֶΡ
ûü֪ʱ򣬾ͷ˱ʣϳ帲̫ͻȻŵķ󣬿ȴȫûüӳӦе͵ˡ
һܱ飬˭ҲŲߡ
īڹ·ϣַǳǿҵţʵһλڵһݳŵһ֣ǵ
ߴؼңףңȫĵط
˼֮󣬳ī˲Ͷˡ
ǲϣһЩ
Щ飬ԶǿӲĸԭ
ϣȷļСĳң
ЩʮԪʱ䣬Ŵƹһһռ鱨ϢصЩ壬ǳλĲ£Щ壬ڳ帲аʲôĽɫˣŮ޵Щȥ帲֮Щĳ幫
ⲿīһģѾױ
ԵУ
ϵģһ·
û취Σ
ǰһѡӱܣųһΣ֮ǰֶͨΣֱһȥֻȥˡΪͿ壬ǣ
ˣ̫ˣ
ǰһûѡȥֻصĻı£ϳ˵黹תȻӸ֮ΣЩ壬ҲҪصĴۣ
䣬û֮ţܹԽʱ䳤ӣصӵȥҲûа취ıһС
ȥˣǹȥˣԶݡ
һӱܣӦԵ飬ҪȥԡжѣȥֱЩѣ
ôµģҪô
ؽ˿ܶһ롣
ī֪ǲǡ
ͨе̫棬һΡһ⣬Ϊ飬һ۶Բߡ
ӻˡ˵ģһȥޱȸߴ󡣶صģɢ⡣
һĿռ䣬һС磬ʵϣģЩ̫
ӰһʮǷֱʮͨеĹ塣
ɱһ̫Ϲ浭˵
˭ȥɱһ̫Ϲʵ
һͬȥ˵
ԣһͬȥ
ȻǴһôģô˭Ҳӱ¡
䣬ҸһصķҪؽ˵һѾ֪顣Ƕĺܣʲô֮˵ƭ仺˵£׵ģǶ壬룬˼ֻڶһϡ
Ƕй滺ڡ
ԣûʲô˵ģһ֣ɱһΣ
̸٣һΣûɱ
ʱҲǴй˵ûôɱ
ҲҪɱȻͨؽ췭ظ
ԣɱ
ãȻͳһ˵ţȻ䣬סˡ
̫Ͼ棬Ҳȫסˡ
ȫߴڣĸӦܼ
һ̣ȫͻȻоռУƺĴڣ
ʱһţӷ𡣡
һţ𡣡
ͬʱ
Ȼռ䵱У׵סѻȸ
ûһϢ
ְѹҪʮ̫Ϲѹ޷Ϣĳ̶ȡ
һӣ֪˭ţλȻҵŵģλȻֹ£
帲Ҳûλվһ˵
ʲô
һȱ𣺡Ƿǡ
һϵ𣺡ƶ񡣡
ȱ
ϵ
ȱ˾ţӷ𣬿ຣޱߣͷǰ
ϵ˾ţٶɱģ׹Ԩ
ţȱʧˣϵҲʧˡ
صĿռУ˼£
ʮ̫Ͼͨ棬ȫǶ޾£Ƕεֻأ
ǣǴĺʱһֱϴڣ
Ǵ򵥶ֱӵв
ʲô˼
ʲôǷƶʲô쵽ʲôຣޱ߻ͷǰʲôٶɱ׹Ԩ
Щһʵһ仰ҶǸӣǶֻصĻᶼûУ
֪жãҲһɲǣҲһֻôһ棬ɭޱȵвǣ
Ȼǵġһ˵
ƾʲô̫ϹУ޾ķŭռ䣬صŭ
ƾǳߣͨͻ١ĸ̫Ϲ˵
ţһĳš
̫Ϲ涫ǹâ֮µķɫѿ˼¡
Щͨ־ߣȻͬĴڣɴвһ
ɱǣǡҷ
ǵģ־磬ʲôʲô鲻Ҫ˭ǣԼκ鶼
Ǳвˣ۸ˣȴܷҲҷ


1655 Ŵȥ
̫ˣ
Ҳ̫ˣ
˸е˼飡
ʮ壬𲻵һӡй˵
ҵⳡսΡ˺Ȼ˵
ҲǿӲ˵Ȼˣ巢ֱɱ
ȥǣ˭ܽƬַ
Ǿñİ취Զˣй˵ҵȻ£Ըһô
ʮӰ䵭
ȻصĿռ䣬Ҳ˲Ϣ֮䣬һĭֱӱˡ·ûг䡣
ţʮͨļӵһֵ
ϧһдۣǰַɱӣ
ȼҪԽҵ֮սġ
ʮļȫˣҲȫˡ֪ߣȫ񶫷Ķʤһĳ帲ԭĺܡ
û뵽ǣӣȻˣ
涼Ѿ˷ּ£һʵġЩУӵΣȷҪʤЩҵǧٱ
Щҵ飬࡭ҲҪ㹻ԴˣǺҵҪʲôսܣᶯҡĸ
Ӳһٴγֱ֣ζţһµġЩı꣬Ϯ

׹ųǡ
Ѿ˾Ӣ˵ĴӪ
Ӣ˵ĺȫǨƵط
űҵ֮սĲԡ
Ȼűͣһ£ȻɫùţüͷһҲࡣ
ãŽĿתˣ
ʱ˼ҴҵĽɺ衣һ֮ɫ֮ǿһ۹ű
ű˵Ѿ֪ˡ
üʲô
ɺ迴Źűټࣺô
ű˵Ӻܶ꿪ʼǾѾһϵˡ
áɺǸɴĵͷȻųͨй壬۸硭˱ɱ
ڵһվ¶޾ɱ
ûΪʲôҲû˵ƾʲôŮֻĸ֡
ǡȻҲˮ͹Щˡ
ԳַӦűҲãɺҲãȴͬ˾ռߡ
ɺͷһ˵ǵȷ
£ǱҪƿһ½ࡣűϣż֮ɫûɺôֹ̫ۡЩжֲҪɱһǶ򵥵顣
Ӣ˵ĸ߼Աоųϣվߡɺ赭˵ɡ
űһɺ裺ô
ɺĻҵĴֻᡣ
űһɺ裬λӸԴúÿװʲô
΢΢ü˵ڿԳƿˣڣҾãЩ巭ʱ򡣾Ͱձ˵İɣƿһ½ࡣȸңãЩ壬Ӷǡ¡
űɺ۾ȫ¶һĨâ
⣡ű˵
ôݡɺǳ˳顣
ȶݶˣžҪЩԴȻ󱳵ҡ
Ҫ˵Щ᲻ỳʲôԲġΪӢˣһ֮⣬ȫǸеĵճӵܡ˭뵽ЩˣᱳԼļ壡
ȴףճӵܡҲҪδģҲҪԼģҲǲԸ˰ڲġ
˵й壬̫Щ֮⣬еĹӵܣû֪ĳ徿ôģֻԼҪɱӵȴ֪صʲôز
ʵ֪󲿷ˣҲںģ
Ϊͨ磬ֻʣһӢˣͬһ
ڸԵļ壬ԶֻġԱ֮һ

ͨһھ˼ʵϣոյϢ
ŵͨˣȻԼ鱨Դ
²ӢˣҲϹӡ
īƾʲôʱͳЩѵΪҵ飬ǣЩȫľ𣿲ûôɡѵ˵ڵ꣬ʵҲ˺ֵģ
ͨ˼תü
ȻоĳӣȻĽ飬ѡȥֻȫ塣ڱ˵ҲһĲ֡
Щ֣Ψеǰһ̣Żһѹ
ѵ˵ļ䡭Ѿ׾ˣ

ͨ˵ϣ粻
ΪȻ䷢֣īѾˡӢ˵ƿȨҲû䵽ǿ̫ʿСīӢ˵Ӱ޴ڵģ
ͬʱҲ֣ţվһЩ飬޷ȫƵġ

ͨ˷һ̾Ϣ˫ۡ
૵վɰ

ַ
īվһСɽϣϻƹɸԡ
ԭһ޴ɽ塣꣬һƽˡֻʣһСɽ
īľʶУȺ
Ȼ󣬳īϣ¶ЦݣһߵϻƹƣߣǴȥ

ϻƹ˷ܵĽһǲϵУ޾ҡβͣųīתתȥ
īСɽȻ󣬾߳˳ַ
ں棬ˮЩȫųīıӰЩ
ȥˣŷ߹ĿųīѾʧӰķǸǶķ
оƺžԵġҲ߹˵
ŮԣȻԭ˴˼䲢죬ܿѡ
ˮ󣬵ȴ߸ϡŮǺóʵ֣ܿȡ˺ܸߵ
ͣһһ̵ĳƺ
īģǲö֪Ƕ֪īŴȥܣ϶䡣
ī˿̣Ѿ˶֮ϣһǧѰЩ澳ʿֱĪġīĿĵأҲ򵥵ĺܣǶУıչ֮ء
ط಻̫Զֻа
̫ϾĹ˵ĺܽ
Գī˵Ҳܽ
ڣͳһıչ֮⣬ʼ۹ء
䣿Ƕ̩һǷµУʱһˡīǵصĳǰһƬãȺɽѹȹȥ
С̫һŭֱӱ
ȻһâֵӰֱӳȴûг֣վ˳īǰ
Ƕ䣿Ƕ̩īʵ
Ƕ䣡С
ұ죡īȻӿһŭ⣺˵
Ǳ߶䱻˻˵ԷŭĳīȻĸо
ǣǴһȺһĲӣһ·ɳΪһʿҸԴǳ˼ң˺˼˴ܣ棬ԽԽ󡣵񣬳һǣȻǵҲɱ䣬Լ˵ò
īУһı䡣
ǱУŲɣ


1656 ŤԴ
䱻ˣһʱЩûзӦǰ׷ֻһȫСʿڸոգ·һָоλǾηӵĳ棬վǰѵ
о̫ˣǶ־̫棬ʲôľ񹥻ֻܹ󣿾ƾǰʿôţ
Ⱥ̫Ͼ棬йһܴ󵨵Ĳ²⣬Ʋ⣬λӣʮа˾žһԱ˰Ļ
ʼգӶûиǴκѹηӣģΪӾȻƳնȥֶΡ̫ˣ˵ȫܽܵġ
Գӱ
ȴǵϣڳ֮ǰӾѾʧˡ
֪ϢʱѾ뵽ˡһݣɴཫһҹ֮
˵Ⱥ̫ϾĹǣһҹÿˡѪȣ
ʲôأΪ˸Ե棬ǽıסһĪеĴ棬ȫˮõǸȥȻǹϷ˳ȫҵ޾Դ
˵һĵ£׷ЩͨĹ塣
꣬ͨķչͻͽ콾ЩһҹѪɱ¾ŲɷָĹϵ
δһֱ̹Ȼ
չ֮طǳӲκεӰ졣
ɾڽ죬׷ʱ֪ΪΣֻ̿֡塭кܶ˵ĸӸо
ǰ׷꣬Ȼ䷢һŭȣСƾ㣬Ҳħϣȥ
˵ţϣȻ䱬һľơ۹һ̣佫ڵвԺֻ뽫ˣѹˣ
һ˲䣬һţȻԺ
𣡡

ޡ졭
˲仯ֲʶس
һӱ׵Ľľʶ߰㣡
ÿһ·һɽѹǲãޱ߼ʵľʶСɵʹֱ࣬ǻԵĴ

䵱һУ۵һ͵һѪ
̫֮Ѫ
һοɽӣ
з󻤳ֵĵϣ˲佫Ƿ١
Ȼ󣬶ţ޾ԶȥͬʱǿޱȵҪѶһ̫Ϲ涫̩ǧҪ׷֡
飡
īǿƵһֱӺڶؿڴ
ۣ
䵱ٴһѪȻˣˣ
īһ̺֮ĵн仯⣬ڴ˿̣ʶش£ֵ
īĵͬҲһĲΣ
ͬҲ򷨹ڵľ磡
һֻ֮
и࣡
īһԼһĵУ඼ˣ
棬еС޾ĺޣ
㵱꣬ôɱҵļ˵İɣ
ζΣ
ʹ첻ʹ죿

ϻƹһͣȥһҧסȣӲĴ棬һѪ⡣
໵һһҽУīһѾܵش̫ˣ
һ澳ʿܴĹСɱ⣬ȫȫģһ̫Ͼͷ־൱̫Ͼͷܴģ
ͱһ߻أֱīݺݹһ£ѾܵǰδеĴ
ɵܹصˣ
ټϻƹһڡǸޱȳصĴ
̫Ѫ⣬ÿһ飬̲޾Ũ˼ĵز˵һѪ⣬һ澳ʿôһΣ
ϻƿҧһѪ֮ȴ۵һ£˳ȥ
Ȼ󣬻ޱԻ˼ڣ
·Ѫ̫࣬Ͳмȥԣ
ѽѽ춯ءҽֱӴݳԶľ롣
ˣȫҵ
С
һȻը
̩
һ̫ϾĹ棡
Ѿõ˶ľ棬׷̣꣬޿̣
ĿԼе̫棬˼Ҹ
̩УҲ塣֪棬жλָԤأжǳս
𣡡
һţԶ̩ľʶУȻը̩˲ˡ
֪ضĴںܹȥǡûԷȻ̶ֳȡʲôģ֪Ҳûмֻ֪ĳ棬׷λ
֪ԭض̫ϣһ硭ԭѾֲֵزˡ
һţľʶը֮󣬲Ҫ
Ϊʲô̫޼㲻ǴӲԤԹ̩ŭ
꣡
ʱԶգһൽµĹͷ
һֱۣīϣ
ĲҽС
㣡̩ǿžʶֳصѹǿһбѹƵԸӵʹ࣬ҪǸȥ
꣡
һ죡
̩һĴǵصųīǱߺȥ
ĶŭҪɱˣ˭Ȼ̫޼֣ҲҪɱ
ˣ
̩ϣɳĹϷÿһɢŻֺϢƬա
ͬʱ˶ΪҲΪǿػ
Ҫλ̫޼һУڴ֮⡣
ʱǱߵĶһֱۣҲīϣ
ִö޷ڶʱ佫ϵĸ첲ԭֻܷĲҺ
̫֮䣡
һϴ٣
ۿŶ̩ҪɱǶξ룬̫˵ʲô
֮һţö̩˺صˡ
ϯĴӿ
ī̧־һ
һڿУȴһ춯صı졣Ȼ̩֮գһӲˣ
Ƕ̩Ҳֱ棡
⹦򣬳īһץסѾҪʹȥĶͷ­Ȼƽ۶סĲӣġôһŤ
ǡǣ
һĹͷ䷢һ춯صĺС
Ȼþһ˿ΪԳīһĹ
ۣ
īֱӱ򴩡
Ѫɡ
֮ϣһܴ͸

ϻƹһҧסĸȻ˺һ£ֱӽĶ˺
漸޵з˳ϻƿһڣȫ
ʱ򣬳īѽͷ­ӲŤ
ͬʱòֱͷ­֮ϡ䣬Ԫδȴȫûа취ߡ
īһǱ߼Ҫ˵Ķ̩һƣؼң


1657 

ƳԶĶ̩мķͽУȻƵĸڳīһǧųķ淽ֱȥ
̩񣬿ƯУǾûͷ­ʬ쳤Х
ǲǸ
ΪīһΪڸոգһţٴľʶСû
̫޼㲻ʣ
̩ŭ
壬ȫһɼȻֺ̿ͱߵϢС
˶ʤһˣǳŵЩϱʿһȫɻͿ־塣ʲô
ֻ֪սȻ󡭡·Լҵ̫棬ˡ
⡭ôܣ
˭ɵģ
ѵԳȺǡǲһȺ澳ʿôӵʵ
ˣȫżʤڵķǼ֪徿ʲô
ɶʤȴпԡ飬Ȼûн⣬ȻͨÿһУܣ
Ϊһ˵ڣһᴫȥһȥôͨʮĹ壬ؽΪʸ֮ġ޾²󣬽̼һ
⻹صģͨҲûǵĶ֡صģЩڲ
ЩӵǣԼļ壬Ȼһʵļ塣ܣƽΪݵ̫棬ԭһȺ޳Сˣ
£һĪеĴͬʱҲһΪͼƽ񷽷ļ塣
һʼǾ˵йڲӵͬ顣Ͼƽ𺦵ľЩ档ʵϡûУ
ЩӵǣǺܶŷˣں£
Ƿλ˫ǸţǸӢۣ
ʮҹе̫涼û취ŤĹû֪ôγɵġǼ̫ˡеľӵܣԼļ壬Ѿû̫ͬˡ
ʵҲˣ
һ壬ֻмʮˣôϻǳŽᡣżеСìܣҲڲ⣻мˣôְɣڴǴϣǻһ¶⣬άĹͬ档
һ壬ǧڵأ
ôˣռ޾Ľ
оųɾŵˣһû˵һ˵Ĵڣ
ļ壬ָеӵܣžԵͬУ
Ͳܣ
ԣЩ鲻˵㶫ʤ˵ȥҲ˵Ҳ˵Ҳû취˵
˵ˣ塭Ͼͱˡ
һȺѹѹĳųԱԶշɹʤֱתͬʱԸȥ˭Ҳ
ңԶľ֮ϣ̩ǱŭȻʱʱ
˿̣īȴѾص˳ķ֮ϡ
УץŶͷ­
һ̫ϾĴڣһĹ棬ͨвһߡ䵽ֲҾ˵ȥû˻š
īǰǸ޴ĿѾתָǵˣȴûô׻ָīǵģһµģ
ףܹ׵ĽԴŤȫλ򶫵ĴܰæλӣΪʲôҪīʵرѾǰһļ䣬Ҳر
ҲԸȥô࣬λǰæԵУкηͲ⣡
ˮһȺˣѾַıԵشųīһͷ­˵У¶ŵɫ
ǿͷ­ȻӡţۻĴǿԪװ׵ˣһš̫ϵͷ­
ģһ̫ϵͷ­
ˣȫ𺳵ˣӣ˫۽𾦵У˸ŲŵĹâ
Ǹոտǲһ㣬ͳȥˣ
û뵽ս֮졣
Щ˲֪ī̫޼æе𺳣ҪԶʤˡ
֮ǰɯϳǱߣȷǼʶīĿֲսġ
ɾǸʱ򣬳īҲûôֲ
ȻһɯӲȥԷԪȴ׾ٵˡ
Ŷã
Ȼֵزˣ
⻹

īŶǿͷ­뵽ķ浱У˵ǵģҪ飬ǰǵ飬Щ塣㣬ǵһģ滹кܶ飡
СбɱңҪңȻӡͷ­̬ȴȻǿӲҧгݣ޵¡
ôΧۣҪɱĸо
ɱ㣿ģȫ㡣ī˵
һһ㶼ɳīĻλӣڰǰʵһݽɫֻǵԻҪܶࡣ
ڳ壬ûо̫ɣֺǿҵС
УǶĴмġڣرϣǰİ׷ӣܹʰС
ô
ɱҾͿ˰ҵͷ­ңеĵ
ڿ𣬵ī
뵽浱УһˣͷȻһָƾճһ޴ôߣֱӳڷıԵ
ر֣ͬһˣӳţȥޱȵȹ̡
īģϸ߿գȻ󣬽ͷ­ֱӹ档
С̫ƿڴ
īҲ˵ʼϥڶͷ­ǰͷ­
īǼ˻¯ֱӷ˶ͷ­·Ѿ׳ڻ¯·ȼա
¯Уɢһ˿˿ƣŶͷ­һ˿˿Ԫ֮ͷ­˺
䷢һĲҺ⺿ȺȫһɫЩ׵ĿһĻ
ˡȻ̫ʿԴһȻ˵
̫ϣ磬и߼ʿͬԸͨļκһ̤澳ʿҪ̤򡣿ֻʱ䳤̫Ӣţȴ̫ϵӼ
׹ȥڡδǵԪԽţǿԾֻضʼΪĴڡ
ǣľͷ
ĴڣŤͷ­ɸߵϡȻ𲻶ȥҪȡԪ
һĻ˸е־塣
ԼˣҲֲĸо
Ǻܿͷ֣µĴأƺģʼһЩ仯
ԭѾһƬصĳ棬Ȼʼģһ˿
ȫǸϵǿͷ­ȻһӾˡīȻóȡԪķʽ»Ƭ˵Ĵص
ֶΡŽ찡
ϻƹ۾оӨ˸Ȼ췢һͽС

ûëϣȻʼһ㵭ë
ÿһô
ȮؼңΨмڣŻڣ
Ҳ
κδҩã


1658 ѡ˭
ԭΪīҪһʲôȻóûһЩҪ󡣱磺һʹʲôġû뵽ǣīѹᶼû¡ͰԴҵˡ棬ȻͿʼһ˿˿ԪӲʱ򣬶еޱǿҵĿ־Уڳױˡ
ľ磬ݵλڹȥ޾УԴˡȴûбԴУ̿ޱȣҲǷŭޱȡ
ӡī㲻ܡԴң
ͷ­˻
īֻޱļͷ­˵һ䡣
ˣҪģ׵ı
Ҫһ˿أ
īеǵ˿ڣȻʹÿһ˿ʹ࣬Ѽ֣ÿһԹǰƬϣпʱ⡣ԼƬϣڹһס
ܣĳ棬ȫѡڲһЩˣʹĻǵҪǶǸɣǶЩֵɣ
īһԲĬŶͷ­
ⲻһʱɵ飬һ̫ϵͷ­ԪҪǳīҲüʱ䡣
еʱġ
ַϵȺˣʼ˴ľڷչؽĹ
ǱܿҪЩ򣬱һЩؼĲƹŵīûȥǽǱҪԶЩƵĹŵҪʱʱ̿ԼˣƬϣʲô
ҹеļԮٳûе
ԣԹһ󣬴ӳīϣתƵϡ
һȺТĶǵĹΪʲôɴƽ
̩Ϊʲôȥң
ЩˣȫúҾˣҲԶԭǣ
ȷǲԭ£ΪһΣȥҲֻһٶ䡣
겻һΡҲ޷ˡȻֻܽأֻ֮ǸˣôԶ֪Լ˭꣬Ӹ̫޼˵׹Ԩ
ī˶ͷ­롣ʱ䣬ֱӽľųɾŵԪ񣬳ˣһ̫ʿԪϵĴأע޾
ҪڵĶЩأʢ
īңԶаҪƬأҲͬΪЩطͬڳģ
˽ӽʱ䣬ڣڶٵĵ꣬Ǳˣ
һ֧ޱȾľţɡУÿһʿΪѾﵽ澳۷ĲΡ
֧ţ֮סʵĻǰǾӦþλЩ嶼ѾȫúͿ˹ϵĴˣǿ̵ʱ䣬ͨޡ
ȴΪһЩԭ֧ŵ齨൱ѡ
ȾǣӢǱߴ
ӢҪѾ̸˴µ
ǱߣҲͷӦ
ʮ壬Դ͵˾ӢС
ʱжˣȻ˵Ӣ˵ٶ̫ˡǽʮҹ壬齨һţ档
һ£ӢǱ߲ˣǸֶξʼǧټƵҲ硣ϵģġöޱȵķŭ
Ϊʮ嵱УΪģǶߡ
Щɲųīеܵǵļ¡
ԭʮ嵱УΪһ̫ϾĹֻЩ壬ô࣡
ԣ˼ûʲôɵǵġͲóīȥء
£帶˾޴Ͳ֮󣬽֧齨ȻҪķ档
֧ӵУ֮һǶԼľ񡣻֮һͨļɢޡʣ֮һ壬鲻ԸӹһЩʵƿصģǲܴˡ˵ˣӣ
޿κΡֻܴݺѪ̣Ȼ˽ŭһ죬Щ壬ͬҲΣʱǱָǶһ
ʱǻ뵽ôԶܿ죬ǾͲˡ
澳۷ʿɵĴ൱ǿɢǵصϢɶļʤ죬
ߣ桢ӡǧšʥȣӵŷơúϰٷ澳飬ѾԴڱԵش
ˮһһңվգڳīԡ
īȻڲŶǿͷ­һ˿һ˿ԪͬСӣԶͷ­ΪԴͷķȥ
ʵٽ棬Ѿе㲻ʺˡΪ
ָߴľεض𣬿Ũľ
ûһ˿ڣطѾ
䵽ʱҲĥˡԶǰһ˫ۡ˶ʤɫʿ
ǰոٵʱر˫֮ۡĽ죬ûָоЩˣǣһĨмЦ
һû
ǵģµ񣬶Ѿûκ˵
һΣȺܵƽ棬ٴνϡ䣬Ҳ׵ķˡ
һ߸ϵߣһϵĴڣǻ糹ˡѻţҲ޾Ի͹̫̫顣񣬾Ҳûʲôźġ
ΨһźģǲܿԱߣϱ˵ͷ­
ΨһźǴޣ
īʱͻȻֹͣ˶Զͷ­¯˻ȥ
һΡоʹࡣ𾪡
ʣµԪһ澳ʿȫԪ˵ѾԸӵĵزˡΪֻ۷ʱڵ֮һ
ī˵Ϊһ᳹㵽Ƕû˼ѵ뿴ߣٶ༸ͷ­Ȼûµʱ죿˵˵ꣿ
㡭ʱζӳ£ޱȸӵĿųī
˺ޣȻͲóīٶɱ̫ϣ顣ڣֻһ
һ̫ϾʿݶϣҲѾˡ
žĥǶˣ
ţܿͻ˸ˡѡ˭īЦʵ
ǱߣʤȦŭӡҼ棡
죡ͬ
һǳīһȴǶԼ
ī΢΢һ漴ЦԼ˵
ûīһۣһ˫ۣޱԹĿ⣬ŶʤҲ棬ʲôʲôðϡ



1659 ɱ
Ĺ޾ĥѽжԼǵ飬ĥ÷ֺʣˡʣµģֻ޾ĺ⡣
ʤˮʳǳίǲԼ档Ϊ
ҲҪķѱī޾ķ
ͷ­ӡȻ֪īһԴһ߷ȥڳΧķ塣һΣ֧ܹɱΪЩڰǰͻȻʧˣ
ʤûҽڹ˵ȥϽκ˵ȥ
֪ЩͻȻʧǲǳīڵĿӣȻ޷˵ˡõģȴڱһ仰ίҲܹ⡣ֻĲ⼸ܵġʲôĥ
ڶ̩𶫷̫棬ͬҲǲˣ
ǰͱ̫޼ǼŸԪܵشȻҲγԣʧˣĹ棬Ҫһɱī
Щ棬еֱӸɴĸܾˡΪǾãӾô죬ҲԲҳǵǰơͬʱҲܵǣλȻĴĳָԤ̩̫ܶ޼ָԤ飬ЩڣʲôǻŵϹôܲ²
м̫Ϲ棬˼ҪæϾӲ޷İ
ǸոճأûȳųأԺҪôţҪôš
ɲ֮䣬Ԫܵش
£û˸ˣ
ˣǲųףλȻͨ˵Ĵڣ񡣲ٳֱԳˣ
Ϣܿʮ̫д
ǣе̫棬ȫĬˡ
̩Ҳѡ˳ĬɴչȥˡΪܵģīһ죬ͻȻǰ
䶼Ƕ֣ͬصôǳīĶ֣
ԣֻ̩ܽȫϣЩ澳ʿϡͬʱڰָ㶫ʤͨУɲֻʮ壬Ҳֻʮ壬̫ϾĹ棡
̫Ϲһ벻ģҲᱻ򶯡Ҫ˭ȥ룬ҲҪʲô
ǵģ̫ϾʿͬҲҪԴġֻԴѰʿġó̫ʿĶԴţδû˶ġ
ʤҲȥˣЧô
û˶ģڶ֮һԷʲôˣǱֱӾͳĬˡ仰ڸʤ˵
˵ʵѾǸӣҪǻȥ̸£ܾͲǲ˵һˣ
ַɱתĳӣбΣյֱӽһӴɱһ̫ʲô
Ǿ仰ģûĸǴԣЩԴǶģǳġȴû˽
գʤԴŴ˱ĥüĶ䣬Ҳ˳ī
ī𹫷ѵҪйΪ𣿡ʤĿųīȻͼ˵īѶͷ­ǡȻһЩֶΣԳī
ֻҪ߳棬ôôأ϶Ҫɱ
ֻǳīͬûôɵһ׳յĿŶʤǲҪɱѽ
̫ˣ
Ҳ̫ˣֱûκζķϻ
ЦҪսսôˣʮ˰ɣ
èʥһ˵еأ㿴Ƕ澳ľͷŶ
ʥЦǰô궼澳ɲ˾ͷ̫ˣ
èʥţôǶɱ
Ǳ߶ʤľУʱһɷŭϢЩ˶òᡣ
˵˭ٰʮϺʲôЦСܾһôµϵ֮òã
ʤ޶Եĳīֿ˿ǱȻ޾İʮ飬¶ģһҧɱȥ
սǰĶԱѾꡣֻҪܹɱī̫ϾףͿ̫ϾȫԴˣҲԵõ̫ϾȫԴսҲԵõͬĸ
ЩǶʤöݣǩµķּ棬ŶĴӡж峤ŵӡ£
ֻҪּⷨܵʲôʱҶ壬ŵ
ЩҲǩԼֻҪīˣôЩԴǸųɣ
Ʋģκһ棬ˡͿĲƲʲôȼģ
ʿȫϵˣǶЯӦķٿԳһʱ䣬ֻҪɱ˹īǾӮˣ
ϣǰٰʮ飬ЩˣûһС
ɱ
Ŷʤһŭ澳ʿɵľţ͵ĳɱ˹
ϣϣǷ̵ЦݣŨ
ͷ­ӡˣ۽绹ڣȻܹĿīķ󡣵ͲȥЩˡ
Һθأ
䣡
䣡
䣡
澳ʿŹɱһ˲䣬Ĵϣһĺ
ͬʱһֲĴϢ
һɱ
ɱ
ɱ
ɱ󡭡ͬʱ

һҲһ
ǰ
īûжóϵķԲãʹáܱȥźáҲ˵ĲƸ
굱УīʵǧѾķ棬õù
ƾЩ澳ʿҲ봳棿ֱһЦ
һ̫ϣīڲô£ͬܽԷסʮ꣡
һ澳ʿͬʤһ𣬼ֱǸɴֱ˵˳īʱµĿӡ
ɱ˲УֱӾʹ˼ʮù
ЩӦĻᶼûУֱˣ
˲䱻ɱԪûӳȥ
ʱ򣬺ԶԶĿţȻһȵĵȺôɵƾʲô
èʥѵΪֻ֮
ţħʥ̾Ϣһôô棿
ϻƹڳīһУҲǲм
Ȼ̬ӣȴָ޾վڳīߣЦүʵѾˡ
īЦЦĵϧʱûô
񣬳īѰ޽ɡǰǸҲһĳī
ʱ򣬹ϵĶͷ­̲סٺЦ
˼˼ˣ
īһˣһʱĲȴ⣬ԣҪϸҲ˼ء
ߣ俴һ۳īѾʧȥ˶˼ˡ˵㲻к³
ٻҲݵꡣī΢΢һЦ˵


1660 ¾
ƲƲ죬ȴǳĬˡǰٻҲݵꡣʱ˳ʢԻ͵ЩʧЩ⣬һ磬ͬҲ
Ի͵̶ֳȵĳҲһҹ֮串Щ̫Ͼ磬ŲߵĹǣȴʶĺˣǲȥ룬гһգǵļ壬ͬҲصĸޣͬҲпܣһҹ֮䣬Ȼ
пл⣿ϸ룬Ӧûеġһ飬ǿȻô
ԣĲ˵ġ
īûгֻ֣·ǰɱ󲻶ϵĽɱеЩʿ
ĲΣѾԽЩ澳ʿµЩɱ󣬶Щ澳ʿ˵ֱһجΡɱУ޵
ûѪɣûѪĽЩɱ󣬳Щʿɱ֮ȫ޾ľһЩͨע뵽Ĵ
澳Ĵʿǵĵһ𣬿Ҳһĵоʤ
ī澳ʿŵĹɣûһ˿ΪģҪɱġûһ޹ġ
īһ۶䣬˵ȥҸ
˵ţīһֱʧ
ϻƹһһɫâ׷ųīȥ
ʱ̲ס̾һ塭ˣ
īڶĴϣÿһɽӣǳľȴ˶
īչ޼ɵƬϣ˲乴ɽӴء
̩ƥҹСүȥֵ飡īƵϢҲ֪̩Ͷ֮ı֡˵ǲֵܡŲ
īѹ飬ȫɪɪķһҲҶ
īϸ죬ѰŶ̩䡣˰죬ûҵ̲סЦ̩ò˰ɣĵôСô̫Ϲ氡ͨ߰Ϊʲôҳһսȥֵ飡
īٶ̫죬˲Ϣ䣬ԽɽӡǰһĴǣǷǳΰ﷽ԲҲޱȷǶ֮һ
סģȫĵճӵܡ
īһţһɰ˳з
Ĵأ͵һ
ǱͻȻıһĴ˲ӿһĲ
ǰųǣ˲
ɲǼ䣬֪жٶӵܣ׷׷ϸ졣ޱȻ֣̿Թšššɪɪš
ͬʱҲ֪ж飬˲ƵĹųǵУīһ൱ֻųǣɽءȴЩɾɱĴ
ģȫʿû˻ᱻ
ԣգۼ䣬޾飬ϸ죬Ƭգ֪жٶӵܡ
һδɢ޿־Ϣ
ī˵꣬޾飬ںƽٵС죬Ұⳡƽ٣ǡ֪ƶб뻹ȥɣֻȥɣ±ӣҪڹ壡
˵䣬һ̧֣һѪɫĹâƹȥ
ˣ
Ƭգ׺ݵһ£ȻеЩӵܣֱȫն룡
Ѫɺӣ
Ѫɺ
նֱȾˣ
ԼѪҺ˲ͽոȾ죬Ҳ·ĴһѪ
һ̺ŵɱȺӵܣȫĥ
ʲô磬˲
ǿµѪֱӳϸ죬Ⱦ졣
īվһߵϻƹƣˬ𣿡
ϻƹȦţһĽ
ˬͺãҲˬīޱ飬ֱɱһĴǣ
ûа취ǣǲ棬ŵ顣ܹ뵽͵дǶεʱѪĳΪһ棬Ѿ߲ӡǡ
˲֪ʲôī־磬ĸӦޱȻ֪ǰ߲ĶѪ
帲ĵʮ꣬Ҳ֪ԼʲôҾһûõķֻдҵߡЩһֱŬѰеĺˡ帲̫ˣǣһҹ֮һ龡д˵Ǵġ便ûдҲ֪ȴ֪ĺܶӵܣ⵽ܶ׷ɱЩǲɱݵĺᡣʮϰѪӵܣǰݵʱ򣬱˲ɱŮԡŮԱǲ˵衭޿̣ŴƳˣɱ˺ܶණĹǶûһ޹ģվֻһˣһûݺʱɨһееүʲôʱܹѪ𣿡
ϣͼŵһλ
Ϊʲôī꿴֮˳Ĭ˺ܾһʱ䡣
棬֣صöĺʱҴӵܵȱȽǡ
͵󣬸ɴ಻ˣдҲˣƻ룬סˣҪȥеˣһʱʵĸǼţеѪᣬסҪǣԶҪǣҸƣҪúûţү졣Ҫеһ飬֪ү̫Ըӡ޾ǣޣ͵Ǳѣ
īʱѾڶĴǰּ̧䣬ǣҷ
һȥ
ҲǣᱳѡԸһԸеһСֻһǾɡ
ī˵ţ򶫷ĵųǣ
ɲǼ䣬Ĵϣߵȼľ
ȥˣŵĴ󲿷ˣڵġͻĽѣȫŴˣҲŲˡֱȫӦֶΡ
Ȼסī
ǡǡʮǣ
īһˣһѵ߸һɫϹͬһ񣬷ոŶӵܵ
䣬˭޹
һһѩޣ
˵еˣһʱʵļţ˰꣬ҲҪǻ

ī˶ޱƽֻصġЩ󣬾ͻȥ֮ǰһֱĵġЩȥֻءֻֻ֮ȴҲǵ˭
ⱯôҲһˣ
īİ׷ڷƮ衣
ŲϵĴƹظŸľٶ
ʲôֹۣʲôʲôײСͳͳ⡣
̩ڰйۿĸоΣĿԼļ壬Լһҷоһͦʹģǰɣûǳֻɱʱôʹأ
ˣǾû̿ǺǷŭǻǵã˰Ƭϣһϵ壬Ϊ𣿡
ǿɻǵã帲֮ЩݵѪᣬĥŰɱʱĻ𣿡
īޱƬ
죬ɻѹ޾µŭڿʼ
ݷô꣬Ҳվˣ


1661 ն̫ϣ
ĴϣǳīǺĵ䡢顣пᡣǷȴӵܸеޱȵί
֮ͬŭı⣺˵˵ΪƣʲôʱŰɱѪ᣿Ƕû顣֮֮
Ҳŭ𣺡Ƕ壬ûийκζԹֱ
ͽ£ɱ޹Ǵ
氡ڣǳ˵һ仰ѵĿǶ屻˼һ𣿡
ǰڣǳ˵
澳ʿѪ˻𣬷Ĵ֮Ҫǵٻ
ճģһʮ֣ȿɱ涫䣬壬㲻ú
ͽ㲻ú
УŸָĴ֮
ǰĹ涫ٵϢûг״лдӵ֪ܲϢֱ˵ԭһ棬Ѿˣ
Ѿ׼Ĵ˸ɱˣ
ֺֻ̿ͱ˵Ϣ˲ųǡ
˵˶ëˣ̫˶ŵȫ˵
īһһǵ߹ȥȻд˿־ƽȥֻأ
ڣīƽ˶ʮ֮һֱڰУûĶ̩̲סˡ
һ춯صŭͬʱ˲ʮųīֱϯźɱ
Ƭ񷣬䣬ͱĳ̮
һ̫Ͼĺŭһһþ˶̩ȫľҲþȫ
Ҫͨһ׵׵ġīɱ
Դˣī׼ϣ¶һĨЦݣ˲ʧˡǺɨƬĹһʧȥĿֱ꣬ӺڶĴ֮ϣ˲䣬ǸطһУȫˣ
ʲôˣ
ɽءƽԭ󡭡еһһУȫһӱˡʧ
ǹֱʩŰ˺ܳʱ䡣
ݣ
󣬴ǹɢʮ﷽ԲһУȫֻʣһɲĴӣ
һ﷽ԲĴӣ
ᣬͬһȻſ޿ڣ˶ɡ
Ǳߣ̩УľʶУһһš
𣡡
𣡡
𣡡
ÿһţö̩Ƽһ֡
̩һѪ쳤Хƽⲻƽ̫޼ƾʲô
һѪɫâƬҵ񷡣
ٶȼֱ̫ˣ쵽˼ĵزȹâҪǧ
һӾ͵˶̩ĲǰȻ󣬺͵ĺžƹȥˡ
̩Ȼⲻ
ʣµĻֱӷˣһֻͻȻסļ
Ѫ˳Ŷ̩˿ںӿһ嫵ĵУ̼䣬߽ˡ
īӰֱӳڶ̩ǰͬȣٶȣ˼Ŀ죡
ֱѹס̩ͷ­īץŶ̩ͷ­ȻڶĴ֮ϡ
ôأ
壬ǼĹϴǣһһǧ
īڣٵ˰˰ٶ
֮ȫ飬ȥֻˡ
īѾ֪˶顣е߱죬ԭѪĵø죡ֱŵѪҺ
ϵɱ澳ʿˣҲܵĴ
ѵѪˣ
˰ٶǱ٣˵Ѿױīˡ
īʹ˰֣壬Ҳؽԭһ壬ɶĩ塣ңⷨпͨڣǼûзĿܡ
Գī˵ɱ¾ԼЩ顣
ĳ壬ӵơ
ǼĴǣһ
˵һٴһġ
ּ壬ĳֻСϡȫֵһᡣ
͵һЩѵļ䣬ī֪ˣ̫꣬Ͼʿ֮Ӧû𡣵ȫصʧˡȻû취ָ֪߼飬ֻܸݵʱдƶϣ¼̫Ͼ棬ʧҵ˵е·
ݳīѵļ䣬λ棬Ҳûаӡ
Щ壬ڳӳ֮ǰһֱܣԣҲֻ֪ʣһ̫µġԣǲŸҷĴ󵨵ģʮҹ壬ʮ̫Ϲһҹ֮䣬壡
飬Ѵ̡ֻǳīĵһ
ڻҵ飬īͲģ
̫ϾĻҵع棬޷ԽЩѷ࣬ľ澳顣ͨĹȫˣīҲĽЩҵȥ
īĸ֮·һ·Ʒ˾Űٶǡ
ЩųǣѾǿһˣ
жӵܣȫˣ
ǴߣҼͣڵĳС
ǵġǵġͳССͳСеõϢĶӵܣʼʷһδ
ȫ˵Զķƴ
Դˣī⡣
ڣڽһǧȫ֮Ŷ̩ͷ­ųķɻȥ
ʱ뿪壬ҲŹȥ̶̵죡
⻹ǳīûرʱ䣬˺ܶߵʱ䣬ˣҲɱˡҪЩˣᵽޱߵĿ־;
ʲôһһ˵ӵ˭ˣЩӵܣ޹ʲô֪֪Ϊʲôġ޾ųѪһ·չ׳
ƾ⣬û޹ģ
̩һʼī˺ڣ˵ûˡ˱īֶθ𺳵ȫ˵
Ѫȣ̩㻹ǵ㵱ôɱӵܵԺУѵնȥصļ䣿ȫˣǲǵãЩ޹飬һʱɢԹ
īŶ̩ͷʡ
̩ҧ˵ǵ꣬ʲôֱ𣿡
īһЦǰûֱ𰡣
ʲôʸָң̩ҧ˵
ûָ㰡Ҿ㣬ûǡī˵飬ҾͦõѽôֶͬԸˣͲֶͬΣԸǣϵĵǵģ
ҲͬѪȣҲͬһ֣ɱ֣̩ŭ
īЦЦţԶԶԣǡ˵ļֱ̫ˣ
㲻к³ģ̩۾һգＷ仰
ţҵţҵԩԩ౨ҵʮĺɱңҲţ߸ҵļ壡ˣҾͲڡǵˣҲҪڡΪֻҪôˣûʸڣ
ī˵ţȻգǱߣһƬ죡


1662 ˭˾ӣ
ֱ̩Ӿʹסˣ˵ʲôī˹Ͳй干ͬı˵˾ķϣǶ̩ݺ޾£Ҳµƿԡֻܺ޺޵ֹһ䣺ϣ˵гһղҪڣ
īһΣѹûд
УǿֲķȻţЩʿʱѾ˰˳ɣʣЩҲȫڿ֧šǵǿķֲ֣µķ֮£Ȼӽѡ
ʱЩŵˣĿŵڶ˴ķȻһͷ­ֱӹ档
ԭڿ֧ŵЩˣڿǿͷ­˭֮һӼȫ˳׵ľ
̩
ڶ̫ϾĹ棡
ȻҲ˸Դ档
ʤڼ϶ǿķĻ£ûˣ˿̣оǾ֮ɫ
һϣʱҲ۾̩г˺⣬˵ĺ⡣ڴ˿̣Ȼޱȱĸо֮ǰЩ˻ȴһ䶼˵
̩Ҳ˶䣬У¶ޱ벻Ѿˡ
Ҳ졣仰ûκη̵ζеģֻ޾˸С
̩ϥǰĳīҧԸеĲƸȡһʹ졣ЩƸ֮⣬ûҵ
ʱŭʲô£вƸǵĺô죿
·еȺˣ˿̻֪淢ʲô
̩һ۶䣬ȻЦˣΪС뿪ôȥʲôˣǻʲôˣ
ʲôȥˣ͵ĵɴ۾Ȼųīʲô
īֱӿʼת¯𣬿ʼ̩ͷ­

Ԫĸоö̩̲סһҽС
ʹ࣬˵жôǿ־סġ
ʲôīһһ˵ģʮ̫Ϲ棬ƾʲôŭйЩ޹ߵϣǻʲô𣿡ѾܾûôˡԴһ̣Ѿ׷һСʤԸԼǶ档
վǸնģվǸӴ֮һ
ֹѪе飬ȻΪԼܹᣬʵϣȴǸ᲻ġ
ңֻкԽԽ࣬־ԶϡԸƢֻѪˣչֳ
ڣԶ
Ŀǣ̩һģһ
ֱӳԼɱ֣ҪеĹԼϡ
ֻϣôƽ飿ǰĳӵܣҲûκˣƾʲôҪ걻˲Ĵ٣
īÿһۣϵŶ̩ͷ­
ϻƹųīһ·ɨǧųǣеĺ⣬Ҳйȥܶࡣ˿̣ſڳīĻϻƹ̧ͷгĵĿһۡ
Ǿҵĳ鴤ţԪѾ˥£Ȼŭīī˵˵ǡʲôֱ١Ӧãǵȴûǵ㣬Ϊʲôܷһ·
ʱϢĳڳīߣͣ˿ȥ˺ܶࡣҲѮҵģ⣬ͷ÷ǳŵ壬ֹޱš
ƽĿŶ䣺ǰЩˣ԰棬ǵĿధ˭һ·帲֮ԳҪصݵӵܣЩˣǿ޹ǣ˭Ҫһ·ˣ𣿡
ʱŵ⡭ⲻһģǡǽѾˡɹī˾Ӱô飿
˭㣬˾ӵģīȻ̧ͷЦЦĿŶ䣺˵˾ӾȫӦñɱˣȴܱѩޡȻһԩԩ౨ʱˣƮƮķŹ˭˵ģԼΪģ
һ̾ϢŹǣ˭ԩꣿ
ڷеȺˣʱ˿̣ɵˡǶʤУ̲סѪᡣվ
ͬڷеЩӵܣҲȫ̲סᡣ˷Ĵī
īһħǸ
ǶЩˣ޹㾹Ȼ涼Ź
ôǴ
īɫƽһӣ˲乵ķ
䣡
ԭѾֲЩ˲øӿеЩҴߣǱûһһȫʧȥϢģֻǿǿķӲд
Ҳûҳī鷳
̩Ǳһ߰һ˵īҸոյ飬ӦӦ
ʱĿͣһ˫УѪᡣȻЦѭӦˬֻذ̩αأʱҪһʹ죬͹ϣԱ߲ϵھӣ˵죬īˡֱӺɱҲİˡ
١ô٣̫޼ȫվô٣̩ޱȰ˵ĵЩ̫Ϲ棬ǰǴòһһīϣǾͻᱻλָԤҪȻΪֻƾһֻعĹīܺͨй壿ֱһЦ
ȻҲ֪£ü䣬һĨɷ˵ڣҪͨ硭ױ졣̫ˣ
վڳīԣһŵĵҲǳݡ
̩Ͷ䣬ʱȫ̲סĬˡ
ǰǸݣ
е飬ֱȴûоôܹ֡ȥЩѾ˵˵ĸܡ
϶ѣ˾Ͳˣ˭ǵ뷨
Ⱥ̫ϹУһ飬Ϊϡݽûʲô
īûô໰һһŶ̩ͷ­鴤Ԫע뵽·ĳϡҪڷؽ԰ңҪЩٵһе̫Ϲȫ壬ٴαһıأ
ͬʱҲö̩Ԫע뵽Щһ֡Щеøң
̩īԼ֮ǰĶ䣬ûκ
䣬ȴһԲƾ̩ôҲֻǱ۾˯һ
ʵûУʱЩߣȴıԼ˵ġ
ʲô
ֻ³ī׺ݵĶԴ
·ǷУҴԽԽ٣֮ǰ˾ţֻʣ²ʮˡ
ЩˣҲȫΪ澳ʿ϶ޱǿĹϷ
ڴʱЩˣҲҪˡ
Ϊǿκϣ


1663 ħΰˣ
ķ֮ϣѾһ³ǣͨЩĴ˵СЩȻ׷˵Ҳֻɰҡ
ǣֽĳī˵Ѿ㹻ˡ
Уһֱһ뷨ԼЩˣȫӵ
Ȼﲢյ㣡
Գī˵ķϽ³ǣһΪԼЩ֮һõҪͨ棺ˣǾˡ
ȻҪͨежԵЩ壬ų𡣶Ḷ́ʮ˥䡣
īҪһвתķҪȫޱʹȴûһ취
³ǣīþס
ͨУһжԹ֮ȥѰ·Ȼ󣬴Լеˣеѣ뿪磡
ԣʲôԩԩ౨
ҪѩޣҪɱīҲǸͻС
᲻ī֪Ҳ̫⡣ȴκᣡ
Ѿ̫޼ӵһЩٶУõһʾ
ܹ뿪磬Ѱ˵ǸĹؼӦþ
ȻĻӲ£Ӳκ̫ϸӣôѹЩ̫棿
һЩ飬Ҫֱ˵ףԼȥ
͵͵߳ī˼ǧöҡȴûиκˣ
īϣѾжϳ˺ܶϢˡ
ԣԺ޼ɵȥЩǸ𣬿Զ̩Ͷв治ɫ
ųīȺˣȫѾסڷϽɵ³档ÿ˶ڰĵҪκԴΪϵľЩˣһıչˣ
ֻһ̫ϵԪԺ󣬻кܶࡣǳī˵ġ
ԣīǸɴľ;ܾ˶̩ҪǲϵŶ̩ͷ­
㣡
һűӡ˵ͷ­Ҳ˺ֺ
·ɱУʣ²ˡ
ʤڿ֧ţѾʧȥϣֻţֵ󣬿᲻ħ
ϣЩã
ıֱͨˣ
ϢŷӵĶӵܣȹâٶȶ죬嫵ͨ硣
ˣ֪ˡ
ʮҹŭŭɶʹīĻܲ˵һǧ꣡
Щ֮Щ飬ȫ˲˿Ϸ״̬˷ܲѣѪڡ
˭ͨеĶ壿û˸ң
˵һսʮҹ壬־ٶֱǾԵУ
ӵ˭꾿ôģڳϵǸˣǳ
ָĲ²⣬ڳԺ񣬷׷ð
ӳӵ̫ˣнϣѾû˶ӵܡԣָϢҲ׷״ǵĿд
īһĶħ
ͷ죬̤أͷۣͨ˲ܻһǡ
̫Ϲ棬ԱīԴֱӸˣ
ʵλ̫Դīڳϣҹ
īħֲˣ
ָͨ硣
ͨĻҵ飬֪ͨһħ
ĺʵڣ綫ӵܣţڸҵսšԼıЩĺӵǣ˱ߵŭ𣺡ڸҵڵֿУīȴڱ󡭡ǵļ԰ɱǵˣˣҪܵϳͣ
ܿ˹̫ͬˡʮҹ塣
ǻҲǵֿҵȻġȻЩϵġ񡱡
ӢѪᣡ
Ҫɱīħ
ī
ٵȻֻǶһң˭֪īһλļ֣ǾԽһЩĹ壬Σ
ЩݵλܸߵĹ峤ǣȫɽīѹˡ
ǿīôǿ󣬾һжĶ̫ԴҲܵеùʮҹ̫Ϲ档
ǼȲʧǣʮҹУе̫Ϲ棬ȫĬšȻûһվ˵仰û˳ʲô˸еʧʧ͸ˡ
ѵѾǳī̫϶ɱ˭Ķ֣
ڵֿŻҵ֣ȴڱǡûˣȥˣҪ취ɱ˳ī
ǿһ̶֮ڣһͻƿڣӶߵսϣˣ
һӵܣݵλȶҪһĶֱӸսϵĻҵ̸СôԴֱͨȺҵ飬Ȼȫͣս
պ󣬲ɼĻҵ飬ųķ淽ʼǰ
һٶֱӾͨˡ
ʲô
ͨеʿҵ֮䣬
˫ֳޣҪԶͨʮҹĳްɣ
ĵӶôѵͲ𹫷
ʵϣûУ
ڶ֮Եսϣҵ֮䣬׷ͣսṩ˴ĶԴҵ飬ȻӦЩҵ飬ֻҪٶȱֻҪīͷ­ôнвƸһһСȺҵģ
̫ˣֱǷˣ
һӴĹ壬ӵ޾ĽָԴֱۺ졣
ڣȺˣȴɽһУȫ͸ҵҲҪɱ˳īҲҪһΡ˫֮ĶԹѾԶԶԽͨʿҵ֮ĳޡ
Ҳֱʱܶǰ飬ͻȻ
УͰԭ
Դķŭʮҹı
ǾһȺ޳ܵµСˣ˭ǺǣǾʮҹ壬Ǽʮ̫Ͼ棡
Уڰǰһľš֣гī˳Ϊ˫ӣҲΪīţҲһǫǫӡػ£ԷϵЩ飬ĴΪƽȣӦ鱻޳ܵĿơнһֳ裬ı׶ˣ
īǱоܶ꣬ƳƽֶΣնȥЩõɣԭӦóΪͨУΰһˣȻȴΪΪЩշͷƵĹĸ棬ҡǵĸԣΰţܵڰȺ
ڳŶ֮ڳˣ
ӳЩϢֱʯ쾪ĺͨе飡


1664 ͨ
һ֣̫ˣӳʱ䣬Ҳ̫ǡôˣͨ磬ЩӵܵĿ֮£ԳīԹߣѾﵽһֵʱ򡣾ʮ֮ĺܶ಻ʿʼԳī˲ӡʱ
ڳˣ
ͬҲǾǰˡЩ꣬ī֮䣬ҲйܵĹͨϵ飬ž׼Ϣ
ÿһϢǾõģ
걻ʮӱϢųȻֽʮΪڸһУٵйʷͨʷĶϲϢųȥٽʮڽܶѰѪӵܽлɱϢųȥ
ֱӽʮߣ˸ֲ
Ϣһһ
һһֲ
޾û˾ʮʲôļ壬Ҳû˰ǵ̫аļ塣
Ȼƿŷ񣬵Ҳ졭
ڣųųȥЩϢͨеЩǲͻȻ䷢֣ԭģȫһ
ʮ̫Ϲ棬Ȼգ˶񶾡Ϊһ֮˽ΰųӡȻһ֣һҹ֮塣ˮõڵĴϡϧٵͨĹŵ䣬ͨʷĶϲ㣬ҲҪڸһ࣡
̫ˣ벻ʮе̫Ϲ棬ȻһȺˣ
̫ˣһֱΪ̫ϹǸΣ϶ޱȿؽĺ档
һֱ÷ϵЩܿȻ·棬ҲȫǾ콾޾£׿ԭ棬뵽߲εͨȴһͷһ嵱Сλӣ̫ΰˣΪȵ漯ŵһԱȻƳնȥķˣҪԸΪ׷ߣ
ӵȷΰ϶Ҫѩޡ˾Ȼ޳ܵĸҵȫ๼
ͦϢģȻҲзԵϾʮͨ磬Ȼռͳεĵλԣַܿͳˡ
Ϣֱ޻̸֮һЦ
ʮĹ棬ô飿
ǲ£Ըʲôȴ뱻һȺᡭ
еλ棬񶼺úõڱչأƾīǸսʤ̫Ϲ棿ֹȻҲţǸöϧܶûС
ЩԵͬǿһȻ˸еԻ󣬲֪˭
ͨ磬ˮѾ׻ˣ
ʮߣҪ׿ͨѾˡ
ǷŭģǸҲЩ׼Ϣ˭ųȥġֻһ鵽īͷȥ
ԴˣīȻˡʮôʹں
һϵĸư汾Ѹٵͨͨ硭ըˣ
ǲдǲĲ汾
йʮȫУժԭⲻĸݣĸַܷȥ
ⶫɱֱ̫ǿˣ
Ϊ¼飬ȫգϸʱصģ
˵ֱһ֤ݡ棬ʮԳһжУ¼ǷµСÿһ׮ÿһޱȷŭ
κһ֪ߵˣЩ֮󣬶޶ԡ
һʱ䣬Щ¼ˣȫ˺ĹЩ˵УкܶѾˣȥˡҲкܶѾˡ¸ءǡλȨءĴ
ûãʮвڲӵܣ˷ŭ
ǵǰɵ飿Щǵļ飿һֱ𾴵ǰһֱΪ֮ļ塭ԭһļ壡Ϊļие߳ܣ
˳塭
ӽ𣬸һϡ
ҸˮӴ޹ϸ𣡡
Ҹ
ͨһƬҡⶫͱĶ
ʵ˰ǰĳǱʮ̫Ϲ£ͱʮв£ȫ֤ݵġ
Щȥʮ岢ûӰ죬˽ǡʵϣȴ
ⳡУҪȡʮ֮һץһѡƽʱ϶ǲҹȻȥʲôġڳҸʮҵ鷳ȴһ㶼ԥġ
Կη
κεطһ
ЩʱЩʱȴͬԻɱ˵ĵ
ʮеЩ߲ھָоڱѵһһĸϵ⡣ܶ൶ڲ
Ӣ˵УΪ˳ˣҪ干ˡȻ֪ⳡ籩ζģ֪ī֮ĹϵǶҪڼѵʱ򣬻صߡ
ЩˣҲãɺҲãǹűҲãȫʾ˺þۺɢһ㶼ûΪѡ
˳ģվʮԽԽĳűʮ徫Ӣӵܣѡ˸廮ޣ˳塣ȻֱӼ뵽Ӣ˵С
ΪϤЩˣŹͬ롪Ӣ˷չ׳󣬳ΪѹйӴ
ͨ磬ˣ
ԭҲҪЧ¶壬ҵЭ飬ǹЩˣ£ȫѡʱ̬ȡǲֱʲôʲôˣ
ЩˣҲǳĬķŻ˸ҵ֮սĽࡣ
Ȼдķϵ飬ֱӱһ˲֣ɱƿط֮ˡȻų
УдķϵȥѹȺҲǺȻֹЩɵĿ
дϵȻưˣû֪ǻʲôʱ򷢷衣Щĸ߲ԴҲٱֹۣΪֻҪīһ죬Ⱥϵǣͻ᲻ܿһ졣
ԣī
Ȼ̫Ͼ涼֣żĬô̫֮µЩ˳ֺˣ
˶֮⣬ʣʮ壬ȫԼͬģɳ˴ĶǿߡǰǱߣŻɱī
£ķ籩ģȴޱȰ
ȫûܵһӰ졣
ҲãˮҲãȫšżһīһᡣȻͻصС
Ҳһкܶ飬ҪȥѾ˰ˣ»˾޴ˣѾˣѾΪĴܼң
Ȼ壬ĿǰֻгīꡢˮԱһϻƹ͵ȻſĵЦݡÿ춼úܳʵ
ֻϻƹƣÿڳīߣĶȥ
ԣȺЭĻҵɱԵʱеĻҵ飬ȫЩ
ΪǰһƬ޵Ĺ򣬵ȴûһֵ
񡭡һƬƵŮ۾վǰһ


1665 ҵ
ȺĻҵ鼤ˣЩˣȻоŨĵطĻҵظͨеֱɸǰƬ嫽é޶磡
ط̫ˣ
Ļҵ飬̲ס˿ˮޡ
Ⱥҵ죬ǱȽϽġȻеĲ£ȴҪ֤Լ治ܵʧС
ԣǰһ궯ĻҵսʿȻǰȥ˵ƬĽпֲԣСģɳ£ǰȥ̽һ
ҵ飬òªȻΣ˭ˣҲǵ
һƤ๷һԴһ̵βͣ׳ȿȥ֫ҪϸһЩȴӥһצӣź˸ޱȷ
ƺҲЩηǸ˵ǰٶȺ
ҵŭһ㣡
һ£ӿ˲ֱӲͷƤƬŨԸӵĽС
ȥ֮ʲô鶼ûзŨüľǵעҪйҪȥ۾˯Իþ޴
ţ
࣡
ªĻҵ鼤òᡣ
õĵط
һޱ磡
վ㵸Ĵţ˷ܵӵһ
ǳ棬ôôúϲС
ǵȴĹۿţûбЩƭöֱֲֿӸ˴۵һطһΣû
Ⱥҵ죬һȥʮ꣬ϣҲһªһƵĵطȴǸªļһߵһ
ͬһ壡
壡
սһǸ
꣬û֣Լȡһ֣౬ֺܿᡣһΪҲѾﵽ澳ڣڻҵУ̸жڲǺġ
θһ̸е棬౬ȷеĴ󽫾
̽̽ʵŸĶ飬ڶӵָܵͬ£ѲĽɽΪ˫ЭֻҪܹƳ棬ֻҪܿ˳īԴôƬ޽ĵ̣ˣ
ҵ顭һܹͨк޼ˡ㽫ЩᷭˣǰַǸʱеһȺ߲㣬ѾžǣƬϵкöѹһˡ
˫˭Ҳ˭̸ʲôΣֻһϵĺˣ
౬еԣʵϣɲһؼʱ̣ԥһͬǻҵһ磬ϰˡ
ǳ׳վף౬ŭһ룡ȥ򣬲ȥԻ׳գͿ룡
һﱻ౬һ౬յײУһ£ȻС̽ȥ
Խ棬ԽŨֱŨĳ̶ȣ
ĻҵһץץһѾ
ȻȥƮȻɵĸо
󽫾ûΣգ
󽫾ܰȫ
һųʶƬʮķΧûиӦκΣֱ౬Ϣ
౬ʱĿͶԵһˣ˵ǸīԵشˣȻ󣬰̫Դϣôû
˵Զﴫǳīľ磬ôܻ̫ϳϣ
౬ЦһȻͻȻ֣ݺݸһơ
ž
һֱִ࣬Ӱ˸ˡ
һŭĿ౬ʲô
ΪɵǰɣϾֻǰɣ౬һ˫УޱΣյĹâˣ˵ҪǸ˵ô򵥣ǼᱻԷһӲȫߣģСΪǼڸǰȫġѾܾûˣϸƤģһܺóԡ
㣬㲻ң˺ܷŭɫǺ죬Ҳǿ澳Ϣ
С㣬ҿ԰־ٶΪһ𣿡ϱǿϢĶӵܣ౬һмЦȫûн˼˵ڻʶģͱӡ֪飬ҽǸīжǿƬķ棬ʲôһ֣ҾͰ㡭ˣȻɱˣ
౬ͷ촽һаȵĿòӢĶӵܡ
ֱޱȵĻӵȦˣȴǿš֮ǰϾѾһΣյڳϡҲܻᱻȺĻҵ˺顣ΪҵЩ̵µ壬ܶʱûκεԡ
޷˵ˣԳīʹޣѾԽ
֮ǰīƽʱ򣬽ҳӵһӵܣԣԳīƣǱȽ˽ġ£౬ϸ˵һ³ī
˵ʵǶ̫ϾĹ棬ǲǱǹīԴϣ౬ĵġ
Ϊ֮һǣȻͬҪߵսȴֻ̫̫ܽϵԴˣϣǾ;澳ģ
ҪƬϵȫԴûз裡µЩսʿȥúõĻء
ӵ˵ȻôģҲûۼңҲΪģ
౬ԴɭȻĿӵ˵˵Ķ滰ȻĻһ£ҵһŪ㣡
˵ţ౬һӣʮţھžšɱȥ
䣡
䣡
УֲϢɾɱֱӱ
ȻǧĻҵ飬ųķ棬ֱӳ˽ȥۺ޾Ѿۺ˰ˣ
˵Σաûڻأʲô
֧ųȥ֮౬ֵ˺ܾáȻûзκ쳣ü૵ôое㲻ԾӦôѵЩˣ֪Ҫˣ
౬֪ҵΨһͨʿ־ĵطǵ̫ˣ
򲻹ǾʮڣУͰڣǲУǧڡڡ࣡
ҵʲôȱֱҪˣǲȱ飡
֧ȷ˵ֻʮڻҵ飬Ѿرٵˡ
ŵʮڵĻҵ飬ǲŽһֲ̫ϾʿȺҵ飬Ҳ档ҲΪʲôҽԭ
͵϶ҧ
ΪȺԻҵص飬һȺ൱ֲϣ
ʱ򣬾౬лҵ鶼֪£˫۾ĬĬעǡ
˻
ϵ̫Ϲͷ­ͬҲ
ֻ·飬ȫˡ
īŶ̩ͶЦ˵ǵͦгϢģ


1666 񣬺þò
̩۾俴ųīīҲò˵Щûʲô˼ǣҲͬѡһĵˣһȴǼĵˣĵˣȻڵһλģûʲôֵôСֵġ
ûдС֡ͦͦ㡣īһϿҡ
̩ƲƲ죬˵Ź֣
ī˵û뵽ǻѻҵҿȥƺǵеĹءҪǺͨеЩʿԿʮ壬Ѿôˡ
̩ЦΣȺԸǹҧһë

ƳȥŶ̩һڡʱ̩ҧһȥѪ죬ʮҡ
ţƽǿѪֱ³ȥһı顣
񹷣һᱻ˰Ƥһ⣡̩ƿڴ
ǱߵĶ̾Ϣһαأ𣿡
̩һ˵
Щ꣬ߣȫĥüʧȥȣҲĥüɥʧе
̩ĹƺӲһ㣬ǻһᣬʱʱ̳īϻƹ䡣īΪȴҧÿҧ֮󣬻һĭѶ̩
ʤҲѾˣȫķѾīȻﲼһƬ޴Ļ
౬Ⱥҵ֪ʵѾ̤˻Сǿ޾ľġǾУȴ̺ųīɱ
Щīڲ̩˵ԪУһΪû¡
ķ뵽֮óīƬĹͨ˳ޱȣ
Ҿ죬ң
īʱأ뵽Ƭ񷵱У
ǰĳīѾ֪ķʵǰĹΨвܽ׻ԭȻ˭õһ㲻Ĺȴ㲻Ƕ
Ҳֻгīļƿأ
ǰһĳӣȻʺ񣬵ȴޱȴȻȥֻأʵϣҲԼ˴ĺ֡
⣬һ֡
īȻûͻƵ̫ϵǸΣĵսȴѾѹ̫ܶϾʿ
ʵīЩҲԹ̫ϵ̫ˡǿ֮ϡΪ̫ǿᣬȫԽ澳Щ顣Ҫɹ뵽̫Ǹ磬Գī˵һ൱ѵ顣
īҲߵ·Щʿһ
񶫷̩Ͷ֣ǵĵޱȸԪǿԸӵĵزǵȴĶ̰塣Ȼ̫޼гīҪ׾ٵնȥǵͷ­Ҳܡ
ʱԽԽĻҵ飬Ѿɱ
౬󣬴ԼľţҲ˽
طľ̫ŨˣĻҵ˵ֱǰδеɾ
ɾͬʣ壡
īȫûмż壬ֻյĿ֡ȺĻҵ飬ŨľУȸԾĳ衣
ǵģһȺ˵Ļҵ飬ȻҲȤ౬ȷ󽫾Ҳ̲ס㵸
Ҳû¶ʼ֪ͨԼ񣺳ķѾͬ衣Ǹīʮа˾ţѾˣ
õϢ˻ˣһȺ峤ϵͬ£һĴʮڵ飬߷ӵ
ʮڡֱ̫ˣ
ֱռ˾޴һƬգѹѹգݺ֮ͨС
ЩĳǶеƣҲû뵽ķ棬Ȼͬ裬Ǹ˫ĳӡȻߣ
ģ˵õڷؽأ˵˵ľԵл벻أʮ廹ûгأôˣҪҪˣ
ȺҲȫһ۶ǲǺȷݻϢΪǱߵı棬˵˶û
ˣֱǶӵĿһ̡̣
ҵģǶ̫棡
Ⱥϣǰõһ׼ϢϢǳ״ԭ
Ϣ˵Щ̫Ϲ֮ԲԳī֡𶫷Ĺ֮ԻᱻīԴΪͨĴܳˣڰгųī
Ȼû֪Ϊʲô̫ϹΪʲôֶܳԸīˣҲ׶ٵԭˡ
һʼЩϺܿ־塣ǾˡΪ֣ܳ˭סǣ
ܿ죬Ϣ˵ܣֻǲ̫ϾĹԳī֣ˡǲܵģ
һϸķЩ߲ĳҲڷ֣ƺԣ̸Ǻ
ĿǰΪֹϢʮĳһ֮ϡûдȥȻĻͨ磬ľҪ´ˣ
вʿ뵽Ӫʮ̫֮Ϲ桭뵽壡
ΪһѵģƷʮĻᣡ
ʮĳҲ֪̬ԣ°ΣҪûɱī
ԵʱǱߵ౬ѾȷڵȺʱˣ
һ˷ܵĵ棬棬Ѿûˣǵĵˣ
ϣû¶ּ˷ܵı飬ܾ裬ñţ˵ôое㲻Ծ
ѹѹҵ飬ڱգƿֲԸӡ
һĳ˵Ծôôûио
һĳҲ˵￴κ쳣
滹˵ҾЩ
ǻҵеĶڣҵأЩ̫Ͼ֮⣬ǿ漶顣һμӹսԣΣյĸ֪Ѿγһֱܡ
ī϶ˡ
ǵģʲôīǻ˵ġߺߣһĳϣ̲ס˵һ䡣ϵĲмԡ
ȻЩϼĴ˵˳ī̫ܺϹԭ֮󣬶Գīֿ־У˲併
ûīʵ£ǱһЩЩˣˡһ˵
üʵǶһǧǱ٣龡¾ʲô
һȺĳ϶ʱǺһ͵ʱǵڸսǣĺܡң飬ǵеκһʵҲ
ƲƲ죺˵󻰣һףˣǳСд澳ģЩˣûһܻӳô˵
һʵöЩȫƿԡ
Ʋľ޴ʹ
ǿ־幫īĸԭ
̫޼ְæҲְܳīѹ飡
ʱ򣬿УһЦ񣬺þò


1667 һйأ
浱һ㶣ţһɺȻ־Ȼ𣬻ǿҵķŭ벻˲ͷЩ̧ͷķ򣬾ڸոһ˲䣬ȻһԴаĸо
ôܣ
䣬ѾµԷˡ
īī˫ӣ
һ
ǣôʶԼģ
þòǴӺ˵ģ
ЦҲ˳׾ˡǶȺǣһȫľվԷûж˵ʲô·ûȺϱиܵģȴǷŭ
ǣ֣̿
еĻ֣̿Ҫȳīǿ̫౶ˡ
ָоֱ̫ˡ
ʱУǲԶĵطͻȻġ·ƾģɸߵˡ棬Ǳͷ­
ÿڶۣȺϾѾϳͷ­̫Ϲ桪Ͷ̩
˵ǰͷ­һ׷ꡣ
һ£ͷ׷ѩǣѾ޾¡ϣɢبŲɣϢ
һûëϻƹſڰ׷ӵԴ۾ţûпЩһۡ
֮⣬Ǹط
е飬ȫðһ亹
ֱӱˡ
ȷ󽫾౬Ҳˡ
ҵȺϣǱˡ
ǵصսʿױˡԭҲһ˲䣬·һεĳ򣬸ѹƵһ㶼ɢˣ
ĿųīҲޱȺ䣺ī
ԣҡīͷ
ʵҸ
㻹ǹ˶¡Ī֮ǰǳսīЦѡºͣںѡ
㣿һӾ͵ɴ۾ųīҧֶξԭҵˡ㣿ѹѷӳȥˣҲ㣿
˵ţһţ֪ˣ֮ǰɱ˳СүãҲһһˣ
˵ּĴڣκ飬ֻҪһǾͻ˳ϵոϢ
棬ͬҲˡ
ڻҵУݵλߵĴڣƹ޾սʿڴаǰҲһԱս
ڣѾȫˣȦˣ
ͬȺ׳ճһ𣬱ƭطѾ뵽ԷѾƺõ֮С
뵽⣬УһŭĿ⣬򶫷ȺϣɭȻ˵ǿУ⻣˵ġûôµĳӣ
Ⱥϣ˿ҲɵˣĿɿڴĿųīȻһϿ棬ӲͷƤ˵ⲻһ۷ˣ棬ڹī޾ԴֻҪɱ˹īȫģ
һ۰ǵĳīкȻһ꣬βףɱ˳īͿԵõ޾ԴǣԾһӰ
ʱǵĳīЦ˵ʵڻһѡ񡣡
΢΢һһԵЩĳǶʱڳīǰ˵棬˵˵
ǰ֮ѾԼǿԪģΥŵԵġ
īҪԻڣ
īǳ˳飬ʧЦ˵ʲôô
˶ʱסȷīʲôû˵ءǾͼ͵ˡǣ涼׳īҪ˵ʲôóī˵ڡ
ˣĳǣҲ˲ûˣ¶ųīǳ
Ѿû̸ʸˣ
īɣװŪһףѾǿ
īΪǲ֪ڰа㡣ֻҪ̫ϾĹ治֣ҲֻܿԼһˣܵס޾Ĵ
ʶģ͸ϽԾɣԴ裡
վǣӲûϻɫ÷ǳѿȵȺ˵Ĳˣ˵˵𣿡
Ⱥһը
棬ܱƭ
ѾԼ˵ģǰݵλĴڣ԰ɣ
ǰ
ŭˣұ죡
䣡
һŭ쳹ֱ֮ӽ˸˵
룡ĿȺĹ棬Ȼһ˫תīʲô˵ģ
īЦЦܼ򵥣ɱȺ͸ǵһ塣
ĸ֣ɫѿûеǿųī
ī˵ȻǣתͷɱȥôأȥļҾȥļҡԴǵı¡ֻһʱ䡣һ֮ͨǴ͸ϽһĶȥȻһԳֱ֣ǣ
ֱӱīŪЩЩŵĿųīһѡ񣿡
īͷ⣬ǿлаϡ
ͷϵֱųīľãƾһˣͿʮڶɣ

ͻȻ䣬ʮսʿͻȻ䷢һŭ
ʮڡ⵱ģ
Ƭ񷣬˲䶼Ϊ֮ɫ䣡
Ⱥҵ飬ոձīѹ̫ˣֱִĸо
ԣһ仰ҵһͻƿڣֱŭһ£ǵƣˡÿһսʿѪڵĸо
η壬ң֮Դǣ
ϵͷ­ʱȫ΢΢˫ۡǵУκϣֻ޾ĳ
һҲͨҫ
棡
ڣ
ţ̫ˣ
һȺĳȫ̲סο
Ҳã̩ҲãȫûпЩһۡһȺڵĶȻҵһ𣿼ֱ˶ˣ
𿴶Ͷ̩̫Ϲ滵ѪȣڶԴ̬ϣȴ൱ǿӲġǾǣǵʲôʱ򣬶ǵˡ飬Զȥá˵ĵ˾ѡۡԶ
ȺϣȻһ໥ᣬԸһĻġ
īʱЦſһ棬ҡҡͷʲôЦƾһˣȻ𲻵ʮڵսʿ
Ц㻹ʲôŵģ
ǡīû廰ǽ˵⻹һأ

ϻƹ۾ƤĽ
£Ⱥ϶̲סȺ鼤ˡ
ţ
̫ˣ
ΪԼ޵еĴˣ
Ҳ鴤ǣһĵЦݣųī·Ҳѡˣǡɱ


1668 ҧ
īĿ˵Լѡ·㲻Ҫڡ
ʱաѹѹ飬Ѿųķ򣬳ɱ
䣡
䣡
䣡
һ죬âֱλֱ
ȻһŹ֮γɣ۷ǳϸС˵ָͷϸӾ·ʮڻҵ飬ֱѹ
ŹޱȾ޴ɢ⣬ͬһźǳ
ֲǣŹ֮ϣ޾
ͬһ㣬ȴһƣѹ
ⳡ棬ޱ𺳣
̫Ϲͷ­۾ﶼ𺳵ĹâȻ֪ǳīֱʡһĻȴȻ̲סе𺳣ޱߵ𺳡
ϣʲô飬ǹīģ
ЩȥīһֱԪ
˭֪Ȼﲼ˿µ塣
ѾǷˣΪǵ֪УͲܸ˴ķΧաⷶΧҪѹһĴ뽮ˣ
īһˣû̫磬ôģ
ʮ飬һӾɵˡ
ǸոձǹɱԼϵѪŹѹһ˲䣬˲ɢһ㶼ûʣ£
ûˣ
֮ϣǹɻϢĵ߲
濴ųīīӡԸĽ飬ͣͣ
˵䣬ֱӾͳȺĳϳˣھɱȺ˵
ȺȻԴУֵһ˲䣬ͬҲˡ
һӦĳϣīѾѻҵɹĴˣҳɹİƭˣ
ЩϵķӦҲ൱֮졣
īȻ֮䣬˽˶Թվͨڲ飬ĲΣԶһ¶ģ
Ͱ棬㲻Ҫ˺ǣжԹȺҵ˵
ī˿̣ϵļҲ̲ס鶯һ۹ϵͷ­
̩ͶҲ̲ס˫ۣǵУǿҵĳԾ̩૵Ҷ̩Ȼ޳ֵܵز
ĿЦⲻ޳ܡ
̩бۿ
˵ԡ
̩̾Ϣ
īҲȺϵ޳ܸ𺳵ˣڣˣܳĬֻǲϵĹƬɽӵķˮȥЩҵĺ·
·ţ
ͶȺ֮սīȥע
Ĺҧһë
īû˵Ȼƿ϶ˡû㣬ù˵¶
ڲϵѹ飬ڹ֮ǰѾǹɻˡ
ǿµıѩֱӾˣ
ֲ̫ˣ
౬ţҪųī߳ɱУԳīĺ⣬ֱʹ޵ˣ
ͬʱҲʹԼΪʲôô棬Ȼûп塣սʿͬ桭Ͻ嵱С
ԼҪųīһ
ԣûȥԼԸȺ޳ܳϣǳ˳ī
޷˵ģɱ˹
ۿī֮ľԽԽˣʱ౬ֱڵ
ҪԱ
һ
౬ԱҲɣ
౬š
һ˲䣬ͷ­һֵ౬Լ¶һЦı飡
̫ϾĹаһǲ˰Ȼ˿Դϣ飬ҵأζβģ
Ͳܷ
ԣͨе̫Ϲ棬Ҳûô£Ҳˡ
౬Լ̫ܿϹ档ǵû
ұͬھɣ౬
ͻȻ䷢֣ʲôҲûзУ¶һ˿㵡ɲǣԼ嶼Ӧˡ
ֱʱͻȻʶһʲôȻʶĳ濴һۣһϤ壬ųе䡣
ǲҵôµ౬ֱˣţڷӦѾ׷ˣ
ⲻܣ౬ŭš
Ϊûпκ˳֣Ҳûиܵκܵʱĸо
ʱʶģֿһϹŵͷ­ŷ֣˵УȻ˱ĺ͡Ūƺһֵ
̫ǿߣҵ³ô౬̲סŭ
ʱһɫӰӣǰûɵϻƹ
౬ͷ­ĿϻƹȻ̧һȣݺԴ
һҲ۸ң౬ŭţʣºܶĵУȻûˣĵлڣɲôŬûа취һУ
īһ౬ԴͬʱѾ׷ӡˡ
飡
౬Դֱӱһ߷ɣֱߵѾѹĹ档
飡
һҵı죬λȷ󽫾ԴֱӱĵУͬԪһֱӱ䣬Źֱˣ

Ǹ
ֶΣǾ٣벻
רУĻӦҲ
̩̫Ϲ棬ֵǵ
īЩЦá
ʱŹµ飬Ѿʮ֮һ
飬ӴܣҪ·Ѱһʵϣ·ƬɽӣѾī˼ȻûŹֲʵϣ̶ȣй֮޲
һȺĳ֮սҲѾ뵽ȻͬһȺ澳ͷ棬ǸߣޱҳϡЩ֮䣬һս
սΪң϶ܿصơ
⣬εĳѽûôءֻȺĳϣȻ󿴿ܸܲī̸һ
һĳϣӱ͵Ϯ񣬺ݺһ̹ȥʵĽն̴ˡֱϣһѪȴһƣֱӳ˰Դ
ͬһ磬Ϊϣȴ֮սֲ̫ˣͻգۼ䣬ĸĳϡ
ʣЩĳ̲ס
ӣְæҲôˣ
īͬͨʿͬ壬㲻ܼȣ
ī֮ĶԹԺ㣬ĺȺҵص
ĳϣһȭԴʣµЩȻҲ˵ˡ
īƽʵϣȴһֱ֧ɱС֮е¡ֱ֯Իأ
һȺͨе飬ȫվޱңԶķߡȫǸ̽Ϣǿֵġ
˿˵ϣȫһƬ͡


1669 ˫
Ǹ˫ӵʵǷؽĳĵ̣ɱǰδšȻֲ˹
ǿʮڵĻҵսʿ
ȻʮڵĻҵսʿУߣ΢΢оǸ顣飬ռ˰˳ɣһɰҵʥ飬ͰҵĴʥ顣
澳Ļҵ飬ûô࣬£Ҳмǧ澳飡
һֲ֧ľţҪɱκһĻ̫֣Ǹؽܾ޴ʧ
һ̫Ͼ治ϵȥѹҲҪһʱ䡣
ڳַһŹȻѹȫʮڵĻҵ飡
ʲôΪʲôпֲ֮֮Ϊʲô澳ôƣ
һŹɱȺҵ飬ֱĴɱ
ûжٻҵ飬Ҵ档Ȼ澳Ļҵ飬ܵش
һ̣ʮˣЩֵˣȫ𺳵ˡ
Щף˫ƺţ˵Ҳʲôˡֶζ㲻ϸ˫ʵ벻㣿
ʮˣиǻ̿֡ǺȻ䷢֣һֱжԳīӣжôĿЦһֱóīɱʮ壬һֱóī̶ܴΪ̧ߵġ
쿴һĻǲףīǲ˵ǾȻһС
һʱ䣬ڳЩʮʿȫĻĸоǶˣǸܵһɾļӡ
˵̶ֳȣܱ־޴ֹ̬ǲ̬ãв
ǣȻڸһΪУɳսʿܺܿɱĻҵؾţһˡһ󣬾͸ˣ
˫ӡΪʲôֻһӵĸо
ˡ
ʵ벻ǰЩ棬ôģ˽𡣡
ǵĹ棬壬񡭡Ҫֵˡ
ŹҾãֻҪֶΣǹϿΣǵ˾ͲˡֻٲֿҴ档޿ɱ⣡
һȺʮʿĿ͵վ޾ңԶĵطŹѹĻҵ飬Ƭ䡣ǵУǿɬ֮ɫ
ָо
ʮ֮ȺʿȻûѹԳīֶΣеģֻ޾塣
֮ǰЩԥҪҪ壬˵ôϢ֮ʵѾҪˡ棬վе㶯ҡġЦҲ°ڣûʲôԥˡͷֻҪӲҾǳһԱˣ
һֱʮƿЩϵ飬Щʿɵ顣ͨ죬ģһ𣿡
Ҳ÷ϵЩܿ࣬ٴʥ۷ĲΣΪĸ߼ʿˡһŷ񣬰δȫٵˣ
˵һΰˣҺ֧նȥЩ񣡡
ţҲ֧֣
ȺԽԽӴһʼЩԼû֡ܿ죬ǾͿһЩ֮ǰʮǱߵӵܣȻҲܵߣ
ף㲻ǺôôҲˣ
ڸոգѾ뺮ˡ
ѽ֡
˵ˣѾˮһԱˡ

Ǳߴĺ֣Ҳƽ
ڸոһ˲䣬֪жʮӵܣīı𺳣Զ塣֮֡
Ҫ֪ܹʸʮӵܣڸԵļУλ͡īı֣ȫû˼īԵ
ͬʱҲдʮӵܣֱ뿪ˡǼȲīΪУҲ뱳Ѽ뵽ӪУɴĬĬ뿪
ǵľͲͨκһ䣬㹻㡣

ѾԡѪƺˣǰֻʣĸĳϡ
ЩϣͬҲ澳ʿе̳ͬҲǾսˡǵսȻѷ棬Ҳû̫ࡣҪɱǣͬҲҪصĴۡ
˫ڣҲ׵ĺۡ
ȥսʿʣ¶ٻŵġʵϣŹѹһ˲䣬Ѿ֪ҪԸͷˡ
ֻҪԼܻһоͶûϵ
ֻҪܹŻصҵأò˼꣬飬ֻôࡣ
ǰǣܹȥ
ڿЩѡ
ǰ⼸澳ʿҪġ˵Ǳ߻һĳī
ڳڲжٸ֣Ѿȥˡ
ϣһǽһԵס̫ΪʿһʱĹ
һֱûóʹãڷī
ؼʱ̣ǱĶ
ĳϣ໥һۡһ˳֪ȥ֣̫󡣡
һϵͷ̫Ϲ治ԭǣȻҲΪԭ򡣡
ǣԼѪϴˢϵĳ衣Ƕ壬ͬͨһԱϳ
ţĳϣ棬ֱ
䣡䣡䣡
죬ĳϣȻѡҵʽ
ֱԱˣ
ˣ
Աһ˲䣬ֱӼǼǼĻ֮£ǴеһҶСۣȥڹ˼
ڿѪڽı֮£ȴûܵĴҲЩ¡
Щĳϣ֮ǰ޳ܱɣȻǰһ̣ȻѡԱ
ҵ˼άûа취ָо
ϵĶͶ̩һ̣ȴͬʱſ˫ۣ̾Ϣһ
̩Уԣΰһ档
˵ȻʮˣҲͬ㡣ǼǶӵܡ
Ȼ̩˵
īʱȴ󲽣ȥ
һӽκܿʧϻƹһֱҡûëβ͸ȥ
̩һ𾪵ĵͨУһ⣬Ѿ̫ϵĲˣ
ЦˡȻûпԽǵûͻǵ񣬿¾ûλİ֮£Ҳûĸ̫ϣ˵Ӯˡ
ô˵Ǻܿ죬ͻ»ˣ̩
˵ڴѽ
īֳ߱죬ͷϵĽһ

һֱ޾񷡣
ϣ
һ֮£˵Ķ䣬Ҫˡ
ǸԶЩֵʿҲ̲סһȻȥ
棬ڳīһ֮£ֱӾͱ˹ȥ
Ȼ󣬳īչֱǼѹȥ


1670 ˭ã
Ǽһ̫ϹƳķѾ൱顣ڳīѹ֮£ֱڶһصĹ棬ţŭųīʱѹ
ҪôҪôͻҷ𣡡
ī˵ţһն顣
߱ɱֱ̫аˡ䣬ûʲôնġԣīһӵֱӱŵüɢ
Ը⳼Ը⳼
˵䣬ֱӱ㽫һŸ˳ȥ
һĻˣȫĿɿڴ

շģ
ǿķ飬ȻһڲٶûУ
ī䣬еԴȻ룬һ߻سǱߡ̫ϹԶĵطһˡԴֱӱϡ
󣬳īշǱԪֱסķӡס
Գī˵ǿпޡһѣؼʱһ㶼ɿ
󣬳īֱ³䵽Ź֮ϡһıը֮Ǿ޵ֱӳ˹ϡ
һУī·貵Ĺǹ֮£ʮڵĻҵ飬Ѿû˭ӹִ١
īһһ֣ǹһɢȥ֮䡣
޾ɽӣһΡ
ī൱޴ȴѿֻܴϣܵǹɸ˫š
īϻƹص֮󣬶Ŀһ۳īҪԵеĽడ
īһǱ߱ϣȻеԴ΢΢һ£ȴû˵ʲô
ͦõģҵ̩˵
īһۣȻ˵ҲûǳֻɱǣֻǺĬ໥ġ
Ͷ̩̫Ϲ棬Ĭ
ã˵˵ΰǲǡ
īЦЦ˵ʵûʲô˼ҴΰҲ˾ӡ˭ҲҪĵ׼ԼҡҾҡôô
̩˵øҸ˰ɣ
ī΢΢һ
ֵ̩ҵСûʸǵĻ顣
Զ㡣ī˵Ȼ໥¿ˮ
䡣
̩
ǼеҪӻ£ҿԿǡīһ˵棬һǲϹ壬һϹ塣ѡȴļң
䲻˼ĵϡ
īʵΪʲô
Ҹг𡣡ͬһ棬Ǳ飬·һʦڸԪ˧һҪ˭һ
ʲôɣгðɣҸͬг𡣲Ϊʲôȴϣīʵ
ϲô򡣡̩ʱһ˵Ϲ棬̫ϾĹ棬ȻǶ˵ûвġϼУǴһӽ̫ϵľ콾ǸˣǺǡûĳ֣ܿò˶꣬Ҫ١ԼҲ֪ԣһֱȥͻ̫ǵ
̩ϣһĨ֮ɫ˵ڣΪĳ֣룬ϼеĵλ϶ֱΪϼ壬Ὣһϣϡָܵסأ
Ϊʲô˵ī΢΢ü
ܼ򵥣ڣֻǲ̫Ͼʿ㡣̫֮µʿȴ֮֮ܣӦѾŵϼˡ̩˵ԣҪɱ㣬ֻȺ̫Ͼ˳ˡ
ŶҶˡīͷǸɹͬô
̩ͶһӾ֪īʲôǵɫЩŹ֡
֪ˣͬҲɹīͷ˵ϣû˭޹ġ˭ҲþԼжסǵ飬ҿ⡣Ҿȴϼ忪ʼɡ
̩Ͷȫһ
ģûѣ
ˣ
ѾûκϣˡǴ˿˰ǾߣһҲֻһ澳Ϊˡ
ز̫־磬ûа취ֻ֮顣û취ֻأǽѼ䣬ػ̫ϵϣͽüΪãһ㶼ûˡ
Ҳ˵׷ϵˡ
Ǻ޲޳īȻޣ֮ǣ޲ʳ⣬ƤѪ
ͬñ˺ù
һʮҹ壬ʮ̫ϾĹ棬궼зݲ壬ƾʲôôù˶Դչ
ԣеϣ»ļ룡
ʱ򣬶Ҳã̩ҲãǶԳīĺޣѾһֵֺ޵¡ȿȣǰ滹ûôڲٵ˼롣ֵѾ޲ˡ
ȻǾ޵ϣīܽʮе̫ϹԴȫȻ󣬵ʱҶʣһԴ˭ҲЦ˭
˭ã
ԣǶԳīĽ飬ʵģһûеģ
Ϲ嵱Уһ̫Ϲ棬ңϹʵֻǶǿЩ涼ﲻκæ£һŹȥܻٵϹ֮һӵܡξ͹ˡһϿҵļ顣
ҪӲͷУòϹЩˣһֱڿ־У˼īҲĸ̽֡
Ǳ֪ĶԻ¶ñ
ϧȫûˡ
ʱתѣԼѾʣһԴҲϵʱ˲ͱˣųīŭΪʲôҪң
īЦЦΪʲô㣿
ӵŷƣӼΪңԶǶ
ŷһۿǿͷ­¶޾⣬̲ס޵һһĭԶˣڻҵص϶Ҫע
ȻǸʲôҲʲôö
ȫ
ҲŷƣֱӾͱ͡ΪѾ֪Ľѣܸˡ
мŷ˵ĿųīѵͲ´ŭаô
ܹôīգ۾档
浱漴Цһѷ죬Ȼס
ŶīͷŷЦŵͷɩɩɱô
ŷЦҡҡͷͦõģΪʲôҪɱأ
ޣҲǺݺһĭȥȻˣǳīƾ㣿Ϸ³л֮㵱Ǹʲô
ŷ԰ףŭɫ漴ŭɫ˲˵뼤ŭң๷Ϊһϵô˵ģΪˣһȺҵصӡƾ㣬һ治£
ӵʱҲ߹ŷƵ֣ȻĿһǿͷ­˵ȻѾˣʲôԳǿŹͷˡ

Ʋˡ


1671 
ӵʱǸĿһ۴ƣȻ˵㲻һǰ⡣
죬ȻĵĿһ档
㱻裬ֱһѪ
Ȼ壬Ҳһֻ޴ƥ๷ɴûаԼĵһ෴ȷб塣Դ𾳽ͼûԳ塣һֱ˵ģԼǱʶ棬Լһ
Ⱥ˺һˣʱܵ޴ĸо
ָоֱҪĸо
ǣһֹϵģŭб

һֱǾض
ƶЩɵˡ
ӵŷҲɵˡ
ԶϵĶͶ̩ҲЩɵۡ
ī΢΢鴤
Լȴ֪Ϊʲôֺĸо˵ԣûҾһ๷
ƶʱƲƲ죬Ϊ顣ֱתˣصī
ӵŷͬʱҡҡͷīͷҲתˡ
Ǳ߶Ͷ̩Ҳתͷȥôǿʼ
īһϻƹƣߣȥϹ壡

һȮͣʮ㣬ǻԲƺڸ棬ʲôŽĹС
Ǳһߣɴ۾߳ܵˮ
һ棬Ȼ䵽ֵز˳Ц˵ҪЦţǱϵͷʱ־Щİˡ
̫Ͼʿ䵽³ƽ˺ܶࡣ
˿̣ʿȫۼԶƺҪе㲻ҹ
īᣬҪǵһΣͬҲҪɵۡ
īˣȺ˶ʱɧеЩԭʮӵܣвЩսսģСĿųī
Ƭ̣īǰȺһۣ¶һº͵Ц⣺λѺá
ƽƽһʺڳЩʿƽＸû˻һʺϡڴ˿̣ȴȫЩˡī񣬶ȫһˡ
ǿ˾޵һȻƽ׽ˣ̫˼ˣ֮ǰɴûӾȻʺ
Ӻã
ӣ
ī
Ӿˣҵۣ
̫ˣҵķڷ
ӣӣ
һȺˣʱһվѵŮӣŮͨ죬Ӧ̫ˣʶĺġҲޱɬֲԵ˵һ䣺ѵǲ𣿡
ʱһӢ˵룬ҲǸа
ȫס漴һôЦ
գʱ˵Уһ˿ů⡣
棬¡Ǵ˿Ҳᵽָо
֮ǰݳЩڳīϢУǰĸ˫ӣֻعΪ帴ޱѪȵֶΣ޾鸲Ȼܹī
ĺѪȡѪӡĻŵīϡ
ЩʹЩ壬ҲҪ뵽ӪУ棬ģһ
ڼī֮󣬳īֻһ仰ʹȺйǡò˵һ൱ǿ˸
īˣЦ˵֪ҵ⣬Һܸлҵκ֧֡Ȼ᧿ΣƬ濴ȥȻѾȴʱ㸲Ŀܡ˵ò˶ãͻٶȳš
˴˿̣ȫųī
ī˵ԣҪ壬ΪһԱһҪãǵǰ;δôõġǰŸռ룬ͻΣ
ӣǲ£
ԣǲ£
ǲֻӣƷͨ磬һи࣡
ǵģӣǰɣ
ˣֱӴᣬѪǵż黳ʵһȺˣδҲϣڡ
ӣܹѾ˵ǵľġѾ̫ϢԼҲֱ档ԣ˵Σգ涼ǲ壡ոǸѿڶҪīӵŮӣһ˫۾ڳīϣ¸ҵ˵
ǵģӣǵľȻرߣԸһУһֶ򣡡
īˣڵͷȻȻ֣
ڳЩ˵Умʮˣȫһ¶ʹ֮ɫţǵУ¶ϲ
˻ûŪ׷ʲôͼмʮˣֱվй򵹣ֱӶųīݡ
ʲôѵҪ壬Ҫһ³
ЩԥҪҪҲݳīʱֻһݳīʿ£˵лӣնȥ񣬽ԸԶ׷湫ӣ
лӣնȥҵ񣡡
лӡԸ׷桭
ʿ
ڴ˿̣ȴһӾţ
ⳡ棬̫ˣ
˵֮ǰŹӾѹ£
ڸոգǾȻۼ֤˷飬նȥһĻ

Щˡ᲻ǳīˢģ
ҲܹһЩ뷨Щ̫˼ˡ
ֻܶīһ֣ʲôûȻ󣬾мʮˣֱӳʹĸлī
µʵԣܿͱ֤ʵˣ
Ϊ⼸ʮˣȫʮ֮һһ壡
ƿǷƵǸӵܣֱվöƸϸ죬˹ۿ
ģ
ֱ񼣣
ףΪʲôʮηӣϧʮ̫Ϲ棬ҲҪ帲
ԭе߸й
ӵܣչʾö֮Ȼ󹧹Ľ͸˳īȻֱ˵Ը׷ӣΪ߸Ĺ御Լһ
һ£ˣ׶ȼˣ
ԼӵܣԸ⵹꣬ԸͶǸûκεԥ
Щ壬Լҵӵܶѣǻн
ʤذܣ̲ס
ʤذܣһ˲䣬ˣߺɽХ㣬˷
Ϊ£īûеһʱɱϹ壬ǴȺˣص˳ķ֮ϡ
ʵѾˡνֻϵķй¶һϢˡ
ڳī֮󣬾Ѿǹϵķ󣬳ˡ
Ƭ޾֮ϣԼķЩ󣬼ֱصֻҪ̫Ϲɱûܴ³ȥ
ī֮ǰûҪôˣڼȺ֮Ҳı⡣
˳Ӧı˳Ӧ⡣˷Ӹ˵Ǿ仰ԣȺ˻ˡ
ˮͺȺ˼īźƺƵĴ󲿶ӻȫЩȡ֮ǰǳսûôĦһҪߵľ硣ͬʱҲǶԳīĵĺܡ
īڸ˽֮󣬴Ҳܿġ
ĵͣӦýϹܼң
ʼи˲ŵɸѡ䣬һһӵ飬Ϲܼҵࡣ


1672 ľ
ڷؽ³ǣȺ˵סڳ˰󣬵һΣһٵϢ
֮ǰֻаʮ϶ڱչˣһ㶼֡
ϹܼѾ̫꣬ϣѾûκĿռ䡣ܻ죬ȫһڳšټүڿܹƬ
Уһִ
ԣ飬˭ߣ
ķ֮ϣıøã棬˶֮ʮ壬ȴ˾޴ľ֡
Ǿ塣
ϼϼ塣
Ƕǳ
īһŹʮڻҵ¼Ѿ㷺ЩΪûôĹӵܣг޵Ŀ־塣ֶˣʱܻήٵԼͷ
̫治ֵܳɣĿǰֻܵ˳Ǹǲ֪ģԣ޾Ļ̿Уٻôһεġ
òô̫Ϲ涼ż帲𣬿Ŵ㵹
ЩϼУֱǻ̻̲գ
ǵ棬Ǳκ˶Щ̫Ϲ棬Ͳҳ֣ī̫֮£Ѿûκζˡսǿ˾
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ѧʶ̫Ԩˣôһˣ붼˾þһϼĳϳüķ̾Ϣ
һϼĳ˵ǳǿֲ˹ۺʵžǣڵǼ£Ҳһͬѡ񡣡
ͱʲôֱ𣿡ǰǳ˵˼ֻعôһˣйȫ޾Ļ̿֡⡭ĿӰ
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˼ǣ
ԣ
ƵĶԻʮжз
Щ֪һЩĳϼȫ̽¡ǻɣڣ᲻ֻʮ̫Ϲ棬ȴûе̫Ϲ棿
ϧǣűɯսε̫ˣ
ûκϢй¶
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ʮЩǲ֪ЩǻҪȥһ¡
Ҫ뼸ʮ̫֮Ϲ棬ȥ̽һ
飬ûԸմȾ
˭ܸоӵľģǾǳʮȥģʮ嶼ˣưոݡ
ؼǣѾ̫ϹˡʮڻҵҪķ棬ȴīһ򾡡ȫˣ
ֵն̫ͷ­Ⱥɱ޾ı£ֱ̫˾㤡ͨ磬ԸīΪеˣûж١
һЩʿսīһٳ˼Ҫô˶ԥ
ⲻͬһĴȣʲôд衣˫תһɱ춯أʱκ˵ǰ³ֻһѹ
УϹΪֵ̿ġΪǵϹԱܶࡣԣǸ˴ĲҪǿʿ
ƲģǲƴԴ£Ҳвʿˣ
ϼߣȻҲЩǣϹеӵܣȶ
ΪϹ壬̫Ϲ֮⣬һ̫֮£޵е澳ͷ
Եۣ
ĵۣ
ԭ֣Ǻ̤澳ʱԼĵ֡
ãеļ氵Ϲһ̫ԴĻӦѾ̤뵽Ǹˣ
ԣԼ֣ΪԵۣҲڱԼļ
ⳡϯʮķ籩֮ǰԵ۵Ĵһֱôá
ڼڲĴ֮£ĵλȻ˵Ǹ߸ϵġЩԵ۸ΨһҪģͻƵ̫Ǹ磬ȻֻأҲҪѡĲΡ
ҪﵽֲΣ澳ԶԶġī˾޵ϤĲֻ֮¡ȻֻУج˲֪¡ȻĻôʮԪǰѾֻˡȴ˽߳
Ψ̫־磬һУ
Ե۸ͲͻƣԹԶϹ壬Ҫһ̵ĵطȥɽ١գΪԭûгɹ
һΪʲôЩĻ䣬
תⳡϯʮĿֲ籩
˫ĳӣֻعҪճԹҪʮ壡
ض̫޼λޱȳȻĴڣ֪ΪΣͦӡ
ͦѾֱӳ޼ˡ
ʮ̫Ϲ棬Գīʱ򣬸޷ӳȫܷӳ֮һģ
ԵһʼͶԹۣУûκβ
ܼ򵥣īǳЩ̫Ϲȥġɱӵܣ˳Ϊ֮ӶЩӵϾͿԿ飬лߵġ
ԵڵʱѾ򶨺⣬ī̤ϼ彮һ˲䣬ߣ
ŲҪ˫أ
ʲô˳īͿԳΪͨһֻֻ֡ƭƭЩѪɵӡԵ۲Ų¡
û뵽ǣ˼ǰʶˡ
Ϲ棬ķԵߵȫ·ߡֱӸˣ
ֱʱԵŭ޳ܵͬʱͻȻ̫޼ֻǲЩԳīȴûнԱ˰
˵棬ֻһ𡭡ԵҲǶְ
һ棬Ե۵ֱϵ棬Ե֪ۡһΣ֣ܽīɱô棬̤̫Ͼ磡
Ӳʩ
ԵףӦҲôӦӦҲôӦ
ûѡȨ
ޱȷŭȴ޿κΡԣԵۺܸɴĴӦˡȻɴ๫Ż
ӣɸһս
Ե۵ĻͨϹߣܿʹݳȥǺݺݵ˲Ϲһӣ˴æϹǱߣȻǸмҸϹ˴ļƷԴʾл
īĻӦҲܿ͵ˣԼӵܣ͹ƬԵۣ


1673 ̫֮µһˣ
һϹ޾Խ޾󣬷ɹ嫽ӣƽԭִľ޷壬ÿһϹӵܵĶҲÿһ˵С
䡢
˫
ֱԣϹЩӵǣڳ֮ǰӳԼҵ̵Ķӵܵ顣
콵޼ҿɹ顣ӲԼڵļ԰иߡߣǾɣ
īȻޱֶλɱ˶޾飬Ҫ飬ȴǳ׸ϾɱǡҪЩ壡
ϾɱЩӽʵϣȴһ
īָʽĿĲҪɱйӵܣҪеĹ壬ͨг״У
֮ǰڶĽϣЩѾһ˵ǣҲȫī״ӴĨȥˡ
һӴǣκһ˵Ҳһʾ޴ĿؼǣīٳǣѾ˵̬ȡ˭һȥǣ
ܻصԼļ԰ǣֻ⡣̫汻ԴʾڣӵмҲܻءҲûʲôˡ
īܹһֱǿȥôʮ嵽󣬿¶䵽ͬһ³
ǵӵܣдġͷϵĹ壬ȴѾʧˡҴľۼһΪʱīһ
ԣֻܷɢ׵ķɢɢԽԽá
ôʱڣ໥֮䣬϶ϵҲӼ߲ٻʱأһǧ֮أһ֮أ֮أ
ʱʮ壬
ԻͶʢĳһ죬˭˵ͨûдѪӵܴšܺܶѪӵܣԼѾ֪ˣ
ԣûгīתôĸֱ֣죬û
ʲôǣ
ϹеЩӵܣǵӵܣ㷲ͬʱҲЩšԵۣλų̫֮µһ˵澳ͷܻܳīǵ̫棬ܹԳīֱ֡ӽīѹ
ԣܶϹǵУûΪī仰ִΧӵ
ī֮Ϲǡǡֱӱ̼串
û˿
£ŻЩǺʹСеϹӵܡҲĶһϼҴڣһ·Զ
īû׷ϣҲûжȥɱЩˣһǣȴ̼䡭һַĳ̶ȣԶԶʤĳ壡
ԵϢ֮Ҳ̲ס׷ŭˡͬųīڵλӭ˹
ӣ̫ˣմѪȣͿ̿飬㲻±Ӧ𣿡
¡īĻش𣬼򵥶ָɴࡣȻһһģѷɫ׹ųǵĴǣֱӺȻ̮
ְĴֱ֮ÿһǽשÿһ֮䣬ҷһִķֽ⣬һжֽԭʼ״̬еЩ顣
īĵУֱȹȥ̫ࡣֶΣȻһ̫Ϲ棬Ҳʩչ
Ե۸īڼһ̣Եۺԥֱīˡ
ȥ޾£˶˵̫֮µһˡ죬ҵҪӵǿʲôزŵ̶ֳȣԵ۵䣬ҲǿӲ
ҲǳսȷҪ߳ī֮ǰЩ澳ʿǺսƺЩѷɫԵۡ
ǿҲվֻ̫֮¡īսȴѾﵽ̫Ǹ
սĻ̫Ϲ֮ʤϵҲѾ忪ˡ
⣬ȴԵ۸޷顣
ϣôû̫Ǹ磬ȴӵ˸̫Ϲս
ԵһУһ⣬âԷһʡ̫ˣεգֱӴޡ֮ƬֱӺȻ̮
ȻһУϢɵġΪٶ̫ˣٶȣ֪ٱ
棬Ϊ𺳣ճһߵ̮ǵֱӶųīü

īһ£ͷ׷վգһץ
ǵԸӵĹâȻīһץסˡ
ԵֱӾʹסˣңԶչսϹҲȫסˡþһĻ̫Ϲ桭ͬסˣ
ʱ·һ˲䣬һ㡣
īץǵâǷӢϣƺ¶һĨڽı顣
̫֮µһˣ
һǿҵѹƬ񷡣
Ȼ󣬳īץâǱߵԵۣݺݳ˹ȥ
һâɵıӡžһ£жţԵ۵塣
ԵƺҪ˲ƶܿһĶ̫ˣ
Գīһʵ̫ˣ
λų̫֮µһ˵ĹӵܣֱӱԼȥһֱӳϡã
һ
ֻһ
һԵԼǿһ
ԵǿԪֱӱƯУһãȻһȴûٶȶԳī𹥻ǴĿųī¶ŵɫ
һġΨ̫ϾĹ棬㡭ôܣ
īǵâ˿ѾɢʱУȴһѪɫ쳤
߱죡
ն
īһֱӶȥԵ۵Ԫֱӱն롣
Ե۾ȫûκεֿһվһû
ˣ
һһնԪ
ԵǿԪ߱켸һӾ͸ȫɵ
ֱʱƬУſʼ¡¡ľ졣
Ե۸ոһɵ̮졣ֲܿͬ
ԵۣȴѾҷˡ
Ȼ󣬳īǵâԵ죬Ҳ˳
īΣȴѾʧ
̫֮µһˣϸ˫ӣһжûͦ
һĻϹˡȫˡ
䣡
һâ
һ̫Ϲ棬ֱӳˣ
䣡
â̫Ϲ桭Ҳȫͬʱˡ
ǳһ˲䣬һţͬʱ̫Ϲľʶбˡ
𣡡
ۣ
һ̫Ϲ棬ֱһѪڵأֱӻٵ޾ɽӣ
̫Ϲ棬Ҳȫʹƺ
һϹ̫Ϲ棬̲ס췢һŭ𣺡̫޼㲻ƽƾʲôָԤ£
̫Ϲ棬Ҳȫ̲סŭ
̫޼б£ҲԸƣ
̫޼ͲǴ𣿡
϶һ죬ⱨӦģпıӦѣ
ӦǵģֻǾʶУǽϵĵš
̫ϾĹ棬ųñ˵ֻɱīǡѾʼǵԪ񡭡ܵش
гЦ̫Ȼ̫޼šָо֮ǰͶ̩ʹࡣ
һ̫Ϲ棬˶ˣֱӳųīѾŤ£ī̫޼ӡսⱨӦȾԵУú
꣡
һѪɫâϹ̫Ϲ棬ͷ­Ӧ䡣


1674 
ֲ̫ˣ
̫ϾĹٴ١Ƕ޽ĴԪתֻأȴʼվ۷塣û˭ܹ٣ҲԶӦ١
ȻҪֻأӸ˵ǲһ壡
Ȼڳīǰ񻰣ڱˣ
һ壬Ҳڳ
ǵɻֻأֻ֮ƾǵ걾ܣ·ߵľ硣гһգǻܻصͨ硣ʱȴҲǡˣ
īƵģ񻰣
Ϲ̫Ϲͷ­ֱӱīѹӡȻ˩䡣ֱӳ˵ڶĸ
ʱ䲢ûйȥܾãī䣬˩Ŀ̫Ϲͷ­ȻֱӿʼϹĴϡ
һǡǡǡʮ
һճǣڳīĹ£ҷ
Ի޾µϹ壬һ̣ѾΪʷ
ԼϹӵܣԶǼ԰ĵطɥ֮Ȯһ㣬Ӵܡ
ƬϹ޾һ̣һƬ嫵
ī̾һȻŶĬĬһݡ
֪û̫޼ӵİô˳ĻЩ塣ʮ̫ϹûбŵĻôͬɥ֮Ȯһ׷ĵܵˣ϶
ûеԼö֮ķڳķ
īʱͻȻЩ¶΢΢üԭҪϹ뷨ֱӳųķȥ
дߣǸطķ
ҲΨ̫־Ĵߴϵķ󣬲ŻֱӾŵīЩ澳飬īκθӦΪЩʱڣͽЩߺɱ
һ̫Ϲ棬ûôɱˡ
˭ʱֵѵǷֻҪֱңͲᱻ̫޼ͷӾ棿ӶĿŵҵļϣ
īУҲЩ
ʱ³ǳͷʿվһȵĿ޾ңԶǵӰ
ĺǿ
īµķжǿЩȫܹܵ澳鴳ȥûκλߡ̫ϾĹȥҲûô׳
ǰǵӰȻڲϵ󣬶ңЩȻӲ
Щеɱ˵ȻγرЧĴ
ֱӰԽԽſ˵ͷϣȻһ޴ƥĹǣ
еĹ䵽ǹ棬Ҫôţ뺣ҪôֱӾͱȥȻûһܹ䵽˵ϣ
ʲôˮϣ¶֮ɫ
ҡҡͷЩ꣬ȻͨеĹʷоĶࡣΪͨʷϲԵʣܶмֵĹŵȫʧˡ
ʱһ澳ʿվ˵Ǻ񡭡ļ׿ǣ
澳ʿں壬йѣһ൱ʿںݵλ͡ȴһֱôЩĴΪɹĺԡ
Ϊū۷ϵ飬ͣǴ
ԣںȻݵλͣȴһֱܵż
޷˵ļ뵽壬ҵенĸо
ƽȣûЩνĹĶǺǿĵԣʱȻ̣ܶѾﵱɼ԰
ۿдߴ棬ܷǳڿǹ֮УȻСʱһŵ䡣
ڶ壬ܹӴ֪ʶվҪһЩġ
źܶɻĿ⣬˵䣬ųͨзǿޡ̫ϾĹ棬Ҳܴļ׿ǡͷŵǼû´ʮа˾ţļ׿ǡֻǲ֪Ԫôôǿôᱻ˵õļ׿ǣ
ʱ򣬺һ˫У˸Ž⣬˵һ
Ҳ˵ǰΣҲ̫Σˣ
šǧˣȫվˮԣԷ⡣
ӵŷƣվһ࣬Ѿս׼
ЩոռʿǣȻҲѾʱֵ֮׼Ƕû뵽ΣľȻ֮졣
ȺȫֹǿˣȻЩţȴûбŵС
ʱˮЦЦ˵õʲôϵ鷢ˣġ
˵ľ񣬶ˮ仰Ϊ֮һˮеǸȻǸ˫ĳӡȻѾ뵽ܻᷢôһԤֶΡ
˵飬
ʱ˵ǸǣĲ
ˮ˵Σ
һԵȫЩԾǵǿλˣʵϣˮŮǳܵءκ˼һڳƷˡ
鹧ȴûΪиһս
ǣҲΪˮġ
ʱĵͷ˵ߣ
Ů˲Ϣͳȥˣ
һĻȴŻˡǸȥֹĿŮȥˡһˣҲȫų˳ȥ
ǱߣС
ǿƥĴڣȴޱȷŭƿڴ
ģ쵰ôõֱǿˣǸеķʦ
īõķ󣬵ȷǳӡվڳīϿĻ˵Ļֱôƨ
Ϊʲôã÷ĿʲôδԤĻϲ˴ôһ˽լǿ˼ҵס֮󣬷˼ҾȻڼһ㲻Ļסô
ʱȻ俴޵ŮΪףʿȻ˹
ֱӱˣ˵Ⱥ˵õ쵽ʲôزѵǿһ̫Ϲ棿ѵǲʲôȴ˭η
˵īȺ£ȫһȺ׳գ
ţط󣬺Ȼ俴ǸŮƺ֡
ҪʲôϷǸЦϷ٣˯Ů˱ǼĶֹ˵ŮӣѵǹīߵŮˣҪĻ
ţȻоͷŵǸ׿ǾȻһ£ƺһҪȥĸо
̫ϹһæתȻס̣ȻĻû̫޼ԣҲ
ţ𾪵鷢ˣͷŵ׿ǣȻʼϵĿָӣָо׿ͻȻȻҪԶ
ⲻܣ
̫ϹŭһֱһھѪļ׿ǡ


1675 ׿
Ȼ֪ʲôӦȴǿ쵽˼飡
ۣ
ھѪȫ絽׿棬궯׿ǣ˲ƽ
̫Ϲ浱һ
ɾһ̡ܵķ󣬺Ȼһɱ⡣֮ոգֱǿǧ
ѹʱ̫Ϲסˣζû뵽ķ󣬾Ȼֲֵز׿ǣܸܵޱߵѹ
ǿֲѾʼԵֿļ
ȻϸСĹѣ
̫Ͼʿͨߣ
˭ܰƵֵز
һѣôܣ
ʵͰǰɲšʱȻһϵĴ˵˵Ĵһϵ취˵ǳλž޵沼µġҲ˵˳֮ͨ·뿪ġɡµġ
˵ûеõ̫ͨϹǵϿɣΪͲڣ
ȻĻǰôܻ٣Ҫһֲ̫϶ܽɱǰĳ岻ᰲȻʮЩ̫Ϲ桭϶һ߲ˣ
ԣûΪʵڹ
ڣ̫Ϲ棬ȻǿҵĲֱ󡭡ӦǴڵģ
䣡
һ֮⣬ֱӻ׿档
ǿ󵽲˼׿ǣһҵĲֲ·̫Ϲ棬ٴγ˴Ĺѡ
ǵˣ
Ƕʱڲתĵˣ
̫Ϲֱӱˡ
ЩˮʿҲȫ𺳵ˡ
ЩãȻĿǰͻȻǧ󣬸֪ʲô
ʱһοʼ׿֡ʵõģȴǿģ
Ψһģ
ģԸֱӹͨȻΪбġġܹͨЩҲֱӸйͨ
һ츳ͨ
Ҳǽ뵽澳֮󣬲Լĵǿ֮
ֱӹǸ˵׿ǣϵĲ֮飬Ҫ뿪̫Ϲ档
ԷǿھѪֱ̫ӽ׿ѹסԣɹĹͨ׿ǣҪ뿪ȴǳѡԣֱӾ˳
īȥ֮ǰѾ뵽ֱܻӹͽβķ̸ˮǿ֮ڣֻҪ˷ʥʿͬԲסĶǿߣ
ھͺԥôˣңⷨȻǵһνвݣȴһ㶼裬еǿɱϳ澳ʿ
˵ЩոռʿǣҲˣ
ۿԽԽǿǵԭӰҲļѡˣȫ𺳵üʧȥ˵
ʱϳб̫Ϲ
ХХ
֣ʱȺСͨеʿȫһ𺳡
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ʮе̫棬Ϊʲôṥ뵽
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ܿ죬ХĸϢЩ֪ߵĿУݳ
Ҳһ𾪲žޡݺŵߣѾ̫ꡣִͨһսһʮ̫֮Ϲ֮ս
ۣ֮ͨһǧ꣬գ̫Ϲ棬ХֱӸ룬˵Ԫ񣬶һˣ
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ոϳХģҲʮеӵܣХĻͬʱХƽ¡
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ˮʱѽٿطӹרĵĸ׿ǹͨţҪǼ׿ǣХ϶
ۣ
ХһھѪ׿ǵ档̣Ȼ׿ûˣô˲ͻش
ԣΣߣ
ͬʱХУ޵µŮӣҲǳ˺⡣
ˣҪñõᣬ϶ݺݵʰǣҪܣãеˣã޾ĥ
飡
һ׺ƥɱǼ׿档
ͬʱХУǹѵѺۡʼøˣ
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⵽ô£ХҲһĻŪޱȵ𺳺ãȻΪڣ֪һеô¡Ѿ꣬ҪıˣΪʲôȴϵҪߣ
ң׿ǵƴҪƿأԽԽĹʼ˳׿ʱ¶һ϶档ʼХзĴ
Хսޱǿ󣬵и޾δܼ
ˣУ޵
һļʼȻڳ
ǿ󡭡Σ
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ʱХȻоԼץסⷨһ©ϣʱ¶ϲ֮ɫ̲סЦ󣡡
ǰʶȻͺһ©С
ȴûпˮϣ¶һĨЦݡ
󣿡ˮһЦȻһӡ
ԭ©ĵطֱγһɿֲĽɱ籩һϵĴֱӾͽХʶС
ХһҽУǰʶֱӱɱˣ
ʱһֱͷ׿ǣͻȻ͵һֱƿأ˲ϢͷɳʮȻֱӴǷУѳƴ󣬳ϣ
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ҵķҡң
һǣһЦڣҵķˡ
˵ţֱ׿ǹͨȻ׿棬ʱһɵϢһµȻ
Хõ׿δֹ飡
µֱӽХеӡǣһӾˣ
һֻ൱ɰİɫСӰڼ׿ϷһǵĿꡣ
еХȴһĲҽУ˲һھѪ


1676 ߵ
ѽ׿ǿҪıͨӡǱһ˲䣬ֲֿĵ˷ɣХһ˲ͳױ
ټˮ󣬷ĶХ𹥻ȻХɲĵУһ̣ȴҲĵĸоԣһӾˡǿƥ̫Ҳǿҵĵˡ
һ죬Х޾Ϊùһ졣
ʧȥ̣׿ǣص¡ͬʱҲǿ󵽲˼顣Хİķȴ˱˵ġ
ŷϡ俴׿УȻһɫСӰһ̣֪Զĳ׵ʧȥˣ
Ϊõⶫ£ȴӲ֪Ȼģ
ĵùʧȥһô򵥣ܻʧȥʮЩ̫Ϲһֱ١
֮ǰȫŵһ¡
ַ棬ȻĴһضǿķ̫϶ɱķ
£Ȼģ
Ѿ㹻СˣûȥϹǱѰҳīһֶΡȿסīߵЩ˺ѡȻԴΪҪЮīŴһ
̫޼Ŀֲûô˵̫޼ĸԤֻʮ嵱У
ĻûսʤīֻҪ뿪Ϣݳȥò˶ãͨʮ̫֮Ϲǰڷһ֮һԴ
ʮЩǣ˫£Щʮ̫֮Ϲ֡
ʮ̫Ϲ壬ֻԳīʱ򣬲Żᱻ̫޼Ӿ棬Ա˵ʱ򡭡ɲᡣ
ԣХ֮ǰѾĺúõģûҪ˵λ˫ġΪûǸҪ
ڣûλأѾʧȥọ̈̄Ҫɱ˵ȫǲܹܵ顣
ûж⣡ͣ¡ַͣⷨ󣬶Դġһֲ֣ǵĳˡʮ壬ûҪ˷ϣХǿݳ
ŷˮȴǸīһӾǿĺܣѹͲХ˵ʲôݷ󣬶Хоɱ
ֱӺ޼ɴ뵽ǳſˣ˵Լûκζ⣬ƭ˭أˮֱ̫ˣ
īѾ˵Դͨ
˵ɱһ̫Ϲ棬ɱһٸҲݽߣ
ХǳױˣӵûͿҪˡ
ʱԶʣһɵĲһӰ쵽˼ĳ߷һĹ򣬾Ѿ
īһ£ͷ׷ǷӢϣд޾ı䡣
˳ڵʱ򣬴˵⡣ص֮ҲͷˣĿһˮꡣȻ󣬽ĿͶ·С
ХʱѾǿ಻ԣ壬ѵĺۼԽԽʼдѪȾȥޱǱ
ʱХҲǵӰͣ죬һ£ͷ׷Ǵ˵λ˫ӵı׼硣Хһȵ׵ģǳī䣬ȻĿͷ
Ǹ˶ѾҪХһ۾ϳĿͷ
Ϲ̫Ϲ棡
ǡȻˣ
Ŷð
Хˣһ̣ѾڵԸӵĵز
ΪΪʳ
һֱãԼߣһ졣
ڣȴˣվҲɡȻֻأ𡣵Ҳһ٣
ƬϣһƳ˷Ҳӽѡ
Хһ۳īͼŬֱӷ򣬳˷ֱӳȥͬʱ¡¡Ĵ֮֮ϣϷʮ̫֮ǿߣϳī⵽ڵĹ
䣡
ĵ޾ԶȷһЩڸˡȻԲ˼ٶȣݵͨÿһ̫Ϲ
ʱ򣬳īһˮʾֹͣз
ˮȻЩ⣬ͣ˲ٿȻī
ХѾٵ׼ȫû뵽ͻȻͣ¡ķӦٶȣȴǿ쵽˼顣ûߡǳˮķ򡭡ֱӳ˹ȥ
ˣ
ХԼǼҲ볹סŮӣ
ȻشȴȻΪƾīܶʲôв
īУһ˲ϢХıؾ֮·ϡ
ֱӼ׿ǣ׿ǺȻŴ󷽵ˡȫڷΧ֮ڣ
⣬Хû
ХòѪһ˫ۣȴųī˫Ук嫴桭˲串
ˣ
޹˼ɵĳˣ
Ϊ̫޼ӣκεĸԤ
ˡ
Գīֵһ˲䣬һţֱľʶըˣ
𣡡
ХֱӷһĲҺҽУ̶ȣֱǰδС
ΪۣģһޱߵĿ־塣̫⧲ˣֱ˲ʹХеߡ
Ǹհ̫޼Ӳʮ̫ϹֵϢݳȥתۼ䣬ͱһֱӸͷת
ԣһҽУǷĵġ
̫ˣХĿɬһ̣Ѿֱʣ綼ܶ
ⲻǵùֶܽ͵¶
˵ģХĺĿڣЩˡжô飬漰һЩʮ̫֮ϹĻȻ׷ǰǶҪ٣ԣХޱȿɬ
ڣû־ѱˡ
ԭ˺صĵˣͻһţеߡϵƣһ˲ͬˮһӿ
ȻûôֿһѪɫâնȥͷ­
ī˩Ŀͷ­ȫ¶ޱ𾪵ĹâǲףΪʲôХͻȻᷢһĲҽС
ܲϳ
ɲô£Ҳ²һ˲䣬ХȻһĵš
Хͷ­ն£ֱӾͱˡ
Ȼͷ­īϣһ˫У¶ޱƣĹâųī˵ƣǺƣ
īĿϹ̫Ϲͷ­˫ۣĪ𾪵ĿХͷ­ΪʲôҪô˵
Хҧ˵̫޼ѾͨˣģԲԣ
˿̣ͷ­ĿϹ̫ϹһȫѾӡˣ˵ʲôҲȥ
ĻȻĸϹ̫Ϲ𾪵Ըӵĵزɵɵĵɴ۾һϹ̫Ϲ˵Ҳ˵ͨе̫Ϲ棬˭ֻҪ֡ȫ٣
ХޱȿɬĵǵġҸոգ˴Ϣ


1677 
ϹĹȫĿɿڴĿХȻ̾ϢһѾʲô˵ˣΪѾ޻˵
ХҲӵİգжԳīķߺޣСֱ̫ˣ̫޼գͨĳȻڣô޳ܵ飿
ݳϢôܡ˵ò˶ãͻʮ̫֮Ϲ棬׼ī
ʱЩ˾ʶУ̫޼ŵһ̣ʹ޵Ĳ̫޼ҲǳīХ
ˣ³ˡ
ХҪóīɴİɱ˲źãͲδЩŭ̫Ϲڵʡ
̫ˣ
īϸûκα飬𣿻ȱ£޳ܣͲϿۡȫϡ
ܿģķϣֶ޴ˡ棬Ϲ桭һХͷ­
ǱߵĶͶ̩һˡ
кϣԼҵλѣҲˣһλХѣ
ХһѪ̵ˣƨ
ԼλȫͷߵĵŶ䣬ĿɱˣѾˡ
ˣܿǰɣһϹĹĿŶ䡣
̾ϢǶһϵˣиͬͬȷ
˵ţҲϹǱХķӦֱӴߴٶ̩õˣѾ˼һˣһѣô𣿡
̩üͷҾãһƽİ취
ûˣûˣʲôƽİ취˫ص̾Ϣߴٶ̩Ͻһ
ֱӰϹĹХ˸ˣ벻˾Ȼ壿ûûΰ
ҲǣʣԴˣﻹʲôķΣ
ʱ򣬶俴һλ˵ò˶ãǾˣ죬ʵǼͦõ顣֮ǰԼʱּįζǲᶮ˵Ǳ˶ˡ
Ϲλ棺
Х
ˣֱ̫˸еˡ
󣬳īֱתʼХͷ­Уǿƥ̫Ԫ

໣
ۣ
ī㲻ˣ
ɱң
б¾͸һʹ졭
ԪζҲֻ˲ᡣ
Ϲ̫Ϲ濴ľġǲûôԪУÿˣֹһˡȴǴδʹࡣԣ벻ʹʲôӵġ
Ǳ߶俴Ϲ̫Ϲ棬˵ϰ˾ͺˡ
̩˵ͦͦ͹ȥˡ
Ϲ̫Ϲ棬һ̣ȫĸоҲΪʲô̩̹Ȼˡ
Ǿ֮һΣˣ
ˣ㻹ôģ
һǿԪͷ­īæһˡ
ԣĴϣʱƽ
桭ȴѾˣ
īֶΣֱʮ塭Ѿ˵ʮһˡˣΪֺ֮̿ǿҵķŭ
˵֮ǰĸ𣬿˵ǶʵʮԭĩϹĸֱʧ
Ϲ壬̫Ϲ棬һų̫֮µһ˵ľǿԵۡϢԵڳīǰһ
þһֽ
֮ǰͨܶǿߣʮ֮ЩˣԳīսۣرĸߡ޷Ǿһ̫Ͼ澳ʿˡôǿǿȥ
û̫޼ڰаæһ壬׾ٵİˣ
ϹԳīֱ֪ӳһ߸Եת䡣
īսû̫Ϲôǿᣬ٣̫֮£ӦѾûĶˡˣٸ澳ʿܽġ
Ե۵սӹɣ˵ΪϹ̫ϹĿǳüһ̫ϹĻԵۿںܶǰѾ̤̫ϾˡԣԵۼȻȫǳīĶ֡Ǿ˵īһսܿܡѾﵽ̫ϹĲΣ
ͬʱХݳϢкܶ˵ȷ൱ܡ
ԣХӦˣȻĻ׵İ˵ȥ
ķ֮ϣϷ󡭡ԭϵǸ˵Ȼġھ죬ȻϷΪεûпһ̫ϹϣȴǴɵı顣
ΪХҲ˵ˣʮ̫֮Ϲ棬ֹī⵽̫޼ӵ
Ϣһ޴ã
ХǸˣҪ
ðǴݳϢʮˣҪм
Ϣʵ̫мֵˣ
ϢĴʮ̫ϹΪʲôܶԳīֵܣҲڴΧĴˡ
̫ͨ󣬺޽̫ྪž޵ڡ
ϢĴ۷׷׵ͬʱܶ˶սīһٳȻżȤ
ӢߣһֱĬĬķչøҵ֮սϵĥžӢеЩȻ󣬿ʼϵռʮĸֺڲϣ˽ЩϷųȥ
ƽգЩʮ˵ûʲôӰ졣ͨĻ̵̻Ľ죬ЩϣǼЩڲ¹̡
Ϲ֣īȻûгǣϹڲѾķΧһϵӵܣʱѾ˾סĵطԶķֱ뿪ˡ
˵ȥĶûϵֻҪǴڼͱʲôǿ
Ϊ˭֪īһĿ꣬ʮа˾ţǲϹ塣
ʱ䣬ͨһֱǳƺѾ˹ȥЩ֣ձչءűҪһ棬˺ܶࡣ
ڣϹ߽⣬ͨսŵ£ͨˣ˴С
űɺ趼ڡ
ͨ˿¶Ľ֮ɫǺð
ǰҲϡ˶ͨ˻Ǻ𾴵ġȻ֪һЩͨ˸ī֮飬ͬҲ֪ͨǳīϵڣǱȻ߿ͨһۡ
˵λŵʿҲȷǸĴܣ֪ʶԨ̾
Ҫˡͨ̾Ϣһ˵ллЩͷӵǨ͡
˵ǰ˵ﻰӦġ
ͨ̾Ϣһ΢΢ҡͷһֱãĴ֡ҾãҾļ֮һҾãҿԲţˡʵϣڣҲŷ֣Ҵˡ
ǰͨˡ
ͨ˰ڰ֣¶ƣ֮ɫϣóһö򣺡ͷлᣬ硣еûȥǡתɡ
ӹöܸܵǿĴ
ͨ˵ǵĴһܳɣ
˵ţΣֱʧ
ͨ˵뿪Ӣֱӽ뵽һʱͬʱͨ


1678 
һ˻ҵ״ĸѾû֪ˡΪͨĹʷȫѾʮٵˡ٣Ѿа꣬ûй־ˡ
һЩԪԶĴڣĵ˵ͨѾмûгֹ־ˡ
ǵģ꣡
Ϊͨ磬һֱЩƿ֮Сûκμ塢ɺ֯ܺЩͨе׵λ
ڣĲһˣ
Ѿ׵ķ˾䣡
Ƕ帲Ķӵͨ˷ԻͶʢһӴ壬˲ֱ
ţûֵ꣬Ϲ壡
ͬǿԻ͵Ϲ壬Ҳ˲Ϣֱ
ϹӵܣͶЩӵܵ³ûκηֱɢӣǿļ壬תۼһ
ûбī˵ĲϹ壬ѾֳҪ״̬ˡѾһϵӵܣֱӳǾסļ԰ԶϹ彮ĵط뿪
ʮҹ壬ͨ޾¡̶ʱѾϵ塣
ϹıҲʱˡ
ЩĩգԶ
ԣͨ磬е̵Щȫʼ
ʮ壬Ѿ޾ˡһֱûκκûᣬȻĻͿʼˣ
ڻˡ
ȻϿЩͨףȻͳμģʵϣѾȹȥ
ͬʱиķ飬ʼֶָͨΣҪЩ壬Ȼǰ塣
ܶϵ飬ҲѾͨˣӵŸָӵ͹ϵǵֶΣҲֶδֻһҵɱֶΡ
˵ȻŷƵ޿κΣûһ취ȴвշߵˣ
ϣ˭ûмرˣ
ԣѰʵκ˶ȱѰġ
֮⣬ָĸֶΡ
Ϲ帲֮󣬲ʱϵ飬ųķ
Ȼʱ壬˴ССϰ³ǣ
ڷؽˣ
īŵԣѾǶˡ
˶еǣīûʲôֻһ˴ҹ壬Ȼһҹӵܡ
Ȼ󣬳ϢĽˡ
ЩǷʿûһ뿪
նȥֱ֮Ӿˡ
ܶϼҴģǵУҲĹһӵаķ֮һ˷֮һʮ֮һ˶У
īն飬ĵӦ֡ңննȥԽԽࡣҲڲϵıǣ
Ѿǰĳīһô¡
ǰǰĳӵƣȵնȥͨз֮󣬾ͻֱӽһ
ʮѪ£ҲȫΪһޱĴڣ
ǿûκμ𣬸κʿһǡѷɫκʿСȻ̫־硣
Ҳ˵նȥ֮ĳ̶ֳ˵ʮѪ£Ϊʮ
īЩ̫ϹԪٶҲȴǰ˺ܶࡣ䵱֮󣬶ԸͨҲﵽһȫµĸ߶ȡ
ʱתֹȥʮꡣ
ͨ޺棬һļһ
ʱΨһãǼԪ
Ϲ̫Ϲ棬ͷ­ѾˣҲȫͶ̩һֻʣ´Լ澳ԪХѾˡ
ȴĹƧȥκ˽ձۣһ
ԶǳįЩ̫Ϲ潻ϧǶλϹλһȤûСεĴڨ
漸ðóīԴ
Ҫ󣬳īȻȥᡣ
ʵʱȥôãܶҵ춼ѾõҪԴػҵȥˡ
Ͼҵ鹥ͨĿľֻһӴĻҵ飬սͬʱĥ³һЩİսӢĸһĿģԴ
ֻҪõԴûжٻҵԸ̫ͨͣá
ΪʱԽ֤ΣԽ˵ʲôʱ򣬾ͻðһرֲĴڣһԴǾɵˡ
Ҫ׽ⳡսٻҪٸͨ꣬еĻҵ飬ǧ궼ƽ
ʵͨеĿ⣬ȫ˳ڲ²⣬īʲôʱ򣬻ԲϹ嶯֡
ĲϹ壬Ѿʣ²ɵӵˡа˳ɡȫѾ磬뿪˼塣ټĹ壬˼̫Ϲ滹ˣѾʵˡ
ǲϹʮʵҲֹۡȻûϹң˰˳ɼӵܡ˲Ҳȫдʧ
ʮ壬ÿ嵱УٶһҵԱʧ
Ӣ˵Ӵˡܶӵܣ뿪֮ѡǾӢΪ˵ֻоӢˣҵҵĸо
ǵģǿԷǳڵ
ЩǱĬģӢеˣȫһ൱˼ά˼άЩ˵ǳΪܳɹӢ˵ԱȫԾӢǿҵĹСֹУҪԶԶԽЩ˶ԭͬеġ
һ뾫ӢˣгԱȽܵġֹӢ˲ļ԰ֻǷӳȫĲܣ
ķϣѾģȻЩȴҲһȻ
Щնȥķ飬Ѱҡ֪ܰȫ֪īǿԣЩ飬Ƭϣȫ÷ǳġ
ǰ磬Ѿزȥˡ̫־磬ҲѾֻϣһĵطţҸ
һ죬һصĿˣû֪ĵ˳ī
īЩȣ־ȣֱϱֳ
ôˣīųǿĵʵ
¶һЦݣôͲأҲҵļҰ˵ˣ㲻𣿡
룬Ȼˡī¶һЦݣųЩĲ۲ۣ
ۣҾһУֵõġųīȻ˵磬һôģҪʮ壬ȫ߸𣿡
īųôʲô뷨˵˵
˵Щ꣬뵽Ӣ˵ʮӵܣԽԽࡣһֱŬתǵ˼룬ǶԽԽ񣬶ԾӢԽԽͬ
ī˵˵ôŬЩˣҲȻϵ壿
ͷǱȻġ


1679 ·
īЦŵгһգùϵ¶ǻᷴ
ϣ¶ֵ֮ɫʮа˾Żᷢ
ʲôý飿īʵ
ųīԥһ¡
ī˵ã׽ˣʲô˵ô
ңҾ뷨е˽ϾҲǳһԱͬҲѾǰļ䡣Щʹޣȸ١˵
ûϵģʲô飬˵ǡǿһġʵֶֹһֱСôҲڵ㡣īЦ˵
ЩȵĿųīҲ¶ж֮ɫң
ѽ㡣ī˵ڳڣֶΣסЩôֻɱǵ̫Ϲ棬ֻ׵ĻЩӵܣᷴ˼𣿻ԼļͬʹҲľӢˣôеЩԱأӢأֽΡѾӢ˱һ᲻ɴݵġѹͨġȻ
ĿԼĸ磬û뵽ЩЩѹȻ⡣һֱãԼĸ磬ֻһս˫츳׿ʿȴû뵽ī۽ϣ˿û
Ҳǰļ䣬ǰļУλ˫ĳӣȫһȨı۽ˣκζһ۾ͻᣡ˵۽͸֣Ĳ̫ࡣ
ǰһĳӣī۽͸ֵĻʮ塭ôлḲ壿
Ļ˵ˣҲȫͬ
ԣǺܳԾЩŵĿųī
ī֣Цǰ˻Σסˣ
šסˡץסī֣ȻۿЩʪ󣺡磬Ҫִ֪㣬ҸûбҪһˡԲҶ˽⻹
īЦʲôѽͺúõ׼ãŮ
ī仰˵ޱȼᶨ
帯࣬ͨ磬ͬ࣡
ҲΨгɺ͹űȺˣĸͨ޴ĸı䡣ܴһı
Щпĵ֮ǰͷɺ趼ЩġǺʮĳޣԼҲ˵ǣҲһֻ׿϶ǲġʮ峹׵߸ˣݡ棬ʵҲ롭
īЦЦʮȫˣӢҲռȫıˡȫͨЩĻٻ鱻Ϳ̿ȻгޣҲ
ˣһ˵㲻״ʮ壬Ҳ׷Źǡ
īͷľǣЩ˸ˣһӡķϣеǵطˡͷ
У¶һĨ˷֮ɫȻ˵ȻǾҪһ£β£Ȼؽ壬ͲҪͣǱߣҲϸ磬ó壬䡣Ҫģδͨ磬塭ǿӢЩ壬û̫棬û䡭ֻʱˡ
ãЩ飬óīº͵Цš
ԭҲôΪģ֪ˣʵǿЦţȻȡöͨתī򣺡磬ͨ뿪ˡ
վ˰ī̾һ
ôϵˣЩԾʵ
īͷʵ꣬һɯǳսҾ֪뿪
˵ţӹö򣬷Уûеһʱȥݣǿų˵ͼ̫ˣҪ£ͨԴȻһķ֮ⷨͨ·
⡭̫ˣǳʶ㣬ЩѾĵزǱīĻ𺳵òᡣ
ҪռͨȫԴȻһķҪ֮ͨ·ô뷨ֱе̫쿪˰ɣ
ľҲͣк˵仰֮һᣬȻϣĸֳһĨ֮ɫΪֿ֣ԣʵڵģ
ʵҲ̸жţҪʵһȻѣҲûܡӦô̫޼ӵ̬ϣܵһЩʲôԣѡȥīԼãûʲô
ųīǰʲô̬ȣ˵һֱЩ桭
īЦΪʲôң
ͷ
ī˵ԭҲ˵Ϊʵûи˵ҵĲ²⣬ǰһļ䣬о£ӦǸ֮ͨ·йصġ
û뵽£Ƶ֮ͨ·ˡ
ī˵һֱͨеж֪Ȼڣһ򶫣һ˵ΪĴڣʹͨ磬ܹһֱȻͦ졣
ͷǵģ˵ΪȻϴڶţʹͨǳȹ̣ȻĻ޾֮ǰͨбΣա
⾿һ磬λϴڣҲ˵ǣͨеЩУЩ̫ϹĴڣͨ磬ȴž޴Σī˵
ֱӾͱˣЩ˼Ŀųī漴ϣ¶˼ɫ૵ִԽ࣬ͨҲԽ澳ʿ飬ôҲӰ쵽ͨơ̫ϹͲһˡ
ǻֻءī˵ÿֻһΣͨеԴȴֻأЩҩٶȣǸЩ̫ϹֻصƵʵġͨеĶԴʵһֱڲϵļٵġҲΪʲôϹУ棬˵ʲôҲԸԵ̤澳Ϊһ̫Ϲ棬ͨԴͻһ㡣
˵ôǵ棬Ƴ񡭡ǲҲһĵأ
ⷽĿģӦûΪ˶Կɡϧʧˣͨ޾ĺ󻼡īƽ˵
ųīǣһΣͨо̫ϹӦ٣ͨ磬һøã԰ɣ
ġʵʻҲ˵īЦϾ̫Ϲ浹ˣ˵ֻһ̫Ϲ档϶һĹ̾ˡ
ȻḶ́Ѱ֮ͨ·Ḷ́ųī
īһö򣺡֮ͨ·һЩܣܾ
Ѿ֪ԼǵڼαˣⶫܾˣȴһֱûȥĶ
˵ͨ˿֮ͨ·ܣȵʵ
īЦŵͷ
ֵΪʲôԼȥ·ʲô
īҡҡͷ˵Ϊ·ѡ


1680 ·
·жѣʷɿܹҵ·ҳɹͨˣһûУ
ͨʷֶϲûϵȷûκγɹļ¼ΪЩϵĵ伮ϣûκμ¼
ڹΪ֪ô˵·ļѣѵûκϣһʵ
ĬһᣬȻ˵£̫ˡǻȲҪȥˣȰǰ˵
īͷȻ˵һΣҪҪλɩӣ
ī֪ڵݲʺϱ¶ҲûҪˡ
ĵĵͷҪҪģһֱǡʲôҸôˣΪ֮㵹ǲ֪űЩ꾭Ӱ
īЦŰڰ֣Ը¡űǸŮǣϺŮǡƮ칬ȺŮӣĸǺŮ˼檳Ⱥ´ˡ
һˣǣңࡣ
ߣľһɣһңڡˮȻǳīӣЩ꣬ͬûгϦദһ
īոմʱһҪӹңڵ
ϧܿͱ׻ȫ롣ҲǴǸʱʼīףҪɣһҪӵǿ
ӵǿ֮󣬿ܾͻиߵĿˡ
˵ıԣܲ˵ġ
˵̽ĸԴһеıܡ
ƷϵЩ鶼ɣΪǵһ񡣵ʵϣжɵأֻҪʵͲɣ
īҲŬԼ󣬵ȴƵòһǰߡκǰУ
īˮ
֮󣬳ףΪʲôӢġ
ˮҲڼλƿžӢ˵ġŮ
Ǽʱ䲢Ϊ̫ҪȥԱ˴ˣһǳõӡ
ǰԳī˵磬ԵĻͰѵļˣȫӻɡҾãѾˡʱɺſЩ˵ĻǷˣֻᷢ˫֮䣬Ǽǡ
ã£ҰɡīͷӴЩңͽϡīһֱʱ졣
Ȼ̫޼ӰæЩе̫Ϲ棬ҲôöԸġǲҶԼֱӳ֣δزʹñֶΡжϹĽѵīţЩһദָİ취
Щ֮԰ΪЩ˲óȻ塣һԼȥƺܿͻǿء
ڰѼ˽ӹ뷨īҲѾһʵѾܶȥˣͨꡭЩе¼㷽ʽҲһ뿪Щ꣬˵Ѿǧˣ
ôȥԼļ˶ˡīҲǷǳ˼
󹫼ǣƮ칬еЩˣиĸס
ٵȵȰɡīҲ㣬˵ȵ΢ȶһ㣬ǾͶȥѼ˽ӻ
ãīͷӦ
󣬳ˮȻ뿪˳û֪кܶ˲²ǲǸīЩϵû˸ȷ¡
ϾͨУճ˲
ʮ߸˳Ĺ嵱УһϹ塣
ζīϹϵҲֻΡ
ڳ뿪֮İ£īٴζˡ
ûȥĲϹ壬ֱӳŹȻȥ
һº󣬳īֱء
Ȼû̫뿪Ľ򣬵ȴҲûпڲԼ١ʵո뿪ûãī֪ˡû⣬ȫ֪һʩʩȻĸ·
ԷҲģһ·
ҶԷһˣ

̫ϾĹ棡
һŮ
Ůӣȥʮңһȹòׯ߹ϴһ㵭
ӣһȥʮ꣬һ£òӢֹһȣΡһӣȥѮңһɫۣòʮţͷɢڼϣһڽ
סīȥ·ȴûڵһʱ䶯֣Եúܽ
Ůӣעųī˵ѿǳīӣ
īЦЦλһ·ӳԵشһ·ѵҪʶһ£
ŰµӣĿһ۳ī˵մѪ¶꣬ıӦˡ
Ŷīһ۰ӣȻ˵еٰɣ
ЦΪ˲֪ô̫Ϲģ
Ƕ֪
īϵı飬ܾȣƺĲ֪˶֪Ƶġ
װЦû̫޼Ȼڵİʲôƾ㡭һָ㣡
ȹŮӸɫ۵϶ŵЦ⣬ǿī뿪Ľ򣬼ֱѰ·
һΪīһĿǲϼ壬û뵽īȻԶûжԲϼ֡Զ˳Ľ򣬿ŷƺǳŹȥģ
ǲ֪
塢ˮ塢塭壬ͨ磬ǿ塣
īھȻҽĿŵ֮һĹϣò˵ηгЦī֪ͬʱҲе
ȷʵܴ󣡲Ѿûκλˡɫ۵˵
ī̾˿̫Ϲ棿
˵أһϷʵĿųī
Сʱǲܹˣ˲мһֱûãīһͬĿŰӡ
ʲô˼һʼЩûع漴ȻŭЦͷԴƣ
˵вмһ㶼ûԩ㡣ī̾ϢХһɤӣǶô
仰һȫ¶˼ɫ
ī˵ȻˣȻ󻹸ܣǾáХ᲻ƭǣ
һɺĸоʱ˳˵ĽźһܵǵͷƤȥ
˵ɫ˲üΪѿ
Ȼ໥һۡ
ţˢһ£չȣЦųīӣǻۺܸߣڲҲǲͱƭˡ
ɫ۵ӺͰȹŮӣ˿ȫ¶ȻЦݣȻҲųīĻ
ī̾ϢһʵûԸ࣬ҲϲԼҪһ֡˵ﻰҲɱʮ̫֮Ϲ档Ͼܹ죬ܹȻֻҲܻع顭ⲢסûбҪͽġ
Сڽôô˵ţȻȵ÷ϻˣ֣ѹ


1681 ɱ
ȹŮӸɫ˵ͷ˼ͬһʱ䣬ֱӳųīˡ
ֲֿ˲䱬
ֱųīѹ
ڶֵһ˲䣬ûκޱХݳϢʮ̫֮Ϲ棬ԳīֵĻϴڲָԤ
īһ̾ʵҪģ
Ҫһ£ԼЩ굽жٵĽ
ԣ̫Ϲѹȴ̫޼ȲҪѹǣ
ҪԼԡ
飡
ֻһīͳ˴ĹѣͬʱڿѪֱˡ
īȴرĸоֹȫԽ٣ԳŹһʱ
󣬳īֳʽ죬̤¯ͷ
Ĳֱ̫ˣ
ʮѪ£̼䱬ǹϢ̫Ϲеҡ
¯ȻһЩЩһֱе̫ϹԪΣԣĳ̶ֳ˵ҲѾ˲˼
ƷףҲѾԽƷס
٣ּսУһ㶼磬ϳīĺ֮ࡣ
ϣ
߱
ֱǰӵļϣһ˿ڡ
ѪֱȾİ¡
չȣһɸϢֱī
С޾ǿգ
ӣȻһǳ֮ʿ
޾ǳ֮⣬ǹھͨʿ֮ϵģ
Уī
īǳ֮򣬲٣Ϊǳǳ֮ģ
Ҳʱ䣬ѰǳģϧǣĻԵһֱûҵ
ԣζ벻̣ڳīǰʵ©
̫Ϲ棬Գīγ˾޴вǵÿһԳī˵൱ߣ
ǳīһϣ̫Ϲսһһ
ҾͲ˵ˣ壬Ѿá԰ӵǳ֮īûڵһʱ䷴ȥѹԷ
Ϊ鲻Ǹʱ䣡
һȷǲܻʤȻ߱죬ѾڶԷ˵ϣȫ˿ڣϵƣȴҪء
īûп˸ᣬֱԶݣȥǴ򲻹Ҫˣ
óī뿪һֱ֣˷Բǧأ
ֱӸһС磡
Ц˵˫ӣ澳ǸΣȷƺš̫Ϲ棬ʲô㡣ô
˵ţųīһӣһɰƥǳƺƵųīѹ
·ǳ䣬ųīѹ
ѹǻһǳ֮ʿ޷ܣ˲䱻ѹ
īϣȴ¶һĨصЦݣҪ˳׷ӡⷽأڵһ̣
ǺƵǳ֮һӡѹ˳īǰƬաֱ̮ˣ
䣬·һֱ̣ӱˣ
īͦεӰɺƵǳǰԵޱȵĵ
ȥС
Ǳ߰ȹŮӺʹɫ۵ӣ̫Ϲ棬ͣάܵķӡ΢Цſ
ǳʵˡȹŮ΢Ц˵
ǰǳһ֣ʵ˾̾˵ʵÿһǳĶǵԪ̫ˡоͨ͸һϴϧЩ޶ۣûа취̤
ȹŮЦ̫ǫˣϵĴϷ
Цҡͷѵ֮ͬǿƥ֮
໥ǲеˣûпСѵĸС̫Ϲ˵ţȻסˣϵЦݣֱӽסˣ
ǱߵҲֱסˣЦͬϡ
ԾģĪǳ˶ɵˡϵΪϵľ磬ϵͨȫһоԵţܽʲô˫Ӹɱʣ
Ǳ˵ٶȿ쵽˼飬ȴǹģīģ
һ̣ǳУȷЩ־ġΪʮĹ棬飬ˣңһɵģ
ʱ̵˲䣬һ㶼ġҪǳīһͶûУŻʧ
һС㣬ǰƴQˣ
ʱķ
ͨ磬һ̫Ϲ棬ͨĺܣ
ΪĵκһʿҪȥеģ
ʱʲôãƵǳ֮ǰҪѹ
Ⱥ棬Ͳʱ䣡
ֻعεĲߣ
ʲô
д˵˵ǳУƳǸ޹ı˰ˣλѾˣ
ʲôӣǰǰ鲻ԣ͸ϽҴҵȥֻأԼ屻ֹĿˣ
ԣһţȻնȥĺ˲
ô
磬վǵģ
ǳôġ
̫Ϲ棬ͬҲôġ
ڣȫסˣ
ǳޱȾֵķ֣еǸСϣϾȻޱǿҵǳ֮
ͬʱǧģųī壬ֱһս£
ս£ǳֱӷһ𣺡졭֡ɱ
䣡
Ƶǳųī塭ֱûȥ
ܿ죬ȫӿ˳ī嵱Сī֮ǰõһӾͳ׻ָˣīѪֱǾģ
ֱӳ
Ѫ̫ˣ
˲ָңɰǳע޵
Ǳߵİˣֻ䣬ûǳѣ͸Գˣ
ΪʵǱˣţӾȻǳ֮ҡǵȼҪǳ߳ܶ࣡
ǿֲ
īȴû棬ڻָһ˲䣬Ѿȫе¡
Ȼһնǳ
һ̣ϵĵȫǳ
Ǳߵİˣȫ֮䣬ʩչǿ֮
ĵΪ֮
ν֮ҪǶоܹγһֵͷǳѡܹﵽ˲˼顣
֮䣬޾飬ȻֱӸǿ飡
ֱ죬൱ֲΪֱ̫Ͼ飡
ÿһΣȫʩչ֮ʱ򣬲ܶô嫵棬˲ǧֲֿĳ棬ֶΡ
ӣûʩչأʶУѾһţ𣡡
䣡
Ԫֱش
գոմЩֲ飬һӾɢ
Ǳߵ棬Ǹո׼һ֮ʱԺУͬһţ𣡡
ۣ
һѪ˳
ٿǱߣһѪɫâѤ£˲ã񷣬Ȼ󡭡ǳͷ­ֱӸ߸߷


1682 
Ͱ̫Ϲ棬ʹͼȾУȻǳǷͷ­ϣǳеľֱ鶼һ
ˣ
⼸ͰΨһͷˡ
ߡ
̫Ϲ棬ûκԥתҪ뿪
ǳѾˣӹɣ
̫޼ȻգȻʱ̲ų֣дޡȴȫͣ˵ʲôҲҪϢݳȥҪ˶֪ʲô
ХǸϢǴģ
ǵģǼٵģȴǴģ
ܹ뵽Х϶Ȼ١ңҲǼһʱ̣̫޼һ
ʱͰ󲻵ǳ٣ȴǸ̫޼ûһϵ
ȫΪīĵ׵ĿǳĵȻû̫޼ְǳҲȫǳīĶ֡
֪֪Ѿûֱˡ
ΪīѾɱˣ
Ϊ̫޼ĵţȻͰľʶը
𣡡
𣡡
Ͱ鶼ҪˣǴûгԹֿ
ǵĵСΪ۽Ϳֲ˫ļӲǼ㲻̫޼Ȼڶǳֵɡ
⣡
Ϊʲô̲סŭ𣺡̫޼Ȼɵ±ҵ޾£Ҳ۸ˣ
𣡡
شģΨһ䲻κθ飬ȴ޾ѹĵţ
ۣ
ֱһѪһǱġ
ʱһѪ쵶⣬ֱһȻ
š֮ͨһһͷ­ֱӷϸ졣
˶Ҫˣ
һˣ
ŭʱƬ񷣡
ֲ̫ˣ˸յëȻƬȴȫӡˡˣԼû˭ܹ֪﾿ʲô
̫ˣ
ǵڸԼһĿӣȻԼ档
仹бĵô
˿ͬһϵ޾Զ˲ƣ˲ơƽһԼٶȡΪʲôô
ʵϣƬ񷣬ϵˣ
ٶȣѾﵽһּΪһ̫ϾĹ桭ܴﵽļٶȡ
ܻ֣̿ǰδеĻ̿֡
ڸܵԭв˿¡
һޱѣεĸо·С˵Ĳʵˡ
ɱīѡ֮ǰûˣޱȵĺڣڵĳӶˣ
ͻȻоԼǰһӰ
һ޴Ӱ
ûȷӰʲô̲סһľҪɱң
Ѫɫâ
졢ޡɱ
ԪʱѾܵشִˣս䵽ƽյɲ
ؼʱ̣ǼȫķŴ
ϣ

أ
һľ죬з˲Ϣˣ
Ȼǵʺĵ⣬ֱնͷ­
ûһԥҲûһ˿˿
ɴֱ࣬ӣ̣䣡
꣡
ͷ­ֱӱն¡
һ˲䣬ȻָоԼţΪ᲻ɴݵԭȻ˵Ĵһ
淢һ̶ļУһԹ졣Ƭֱ
ȴֹ١
ۣ
īʱҲ̲סһѪ
Ȼոձǳ֮˲ָƺܵĵˣȴûһӳ׻ָ
ն̫Ϲ棬˵Ҳһ޴ս
Ͼһǳû̫޼æȫʵԷɱ
īеֳ죬ȴױȵġ
ָо̫ʹˣ
ͷ­ֱӱӡӽ˲ȥ
Ȼ󣬳īƬ֮ϣʼ⣬ָ
µķӡڣƬأͬһС硣ϳī⡣ﰲһʱˡ
һսԳīĳɳŲɹ塣
īսսӹɣ޵ûôãսľ飬ȴ·ġɳĹУһֱ
ⳡսóī̫Ϲʱ˸ۺĵġ
º󣬳īأƿķӡŹĽ򣬼ǰС
ͨ磬ȻڶҵС
ҵսֹǵ̫ˣɱɱꣻӢһлᣬϵķչ׳гĹ嶼ڽŽŵĲ֣ȴƣֹӵ뿪ͨʮ֮ЩҲѾʼжˣͬҪѵõĻᣬڵļ壬һ㡣
´ң磬Ϊ
ڴʱͨȴһС顣
ʮ֮һĳϹ壬Ļ濪ԶսȻֱӴǸУõʮž޵ǿʿȴû뵽ʮʿУһֲɱ
ֱɱʮŸϵʿҶʮŸȻڽ뵽ͨĵһʱ䣬ֱӳ֣ɱִƷƵϹճӵܡ˷ƣֱӲ֪٣
Ǹ˵ۺʵʵ̫ǿˣ˿ûиǳϹճӵʹ÷ƵĻᡣ
£ͨ磬˲С𶯡ֶ֮¿϶Ӻ䶯
Ϲ壬Ҳڵһʱ䣬Ǹ˵ֹǸֲɱгס
ôճģ
ѵǰĳ壬Ҫһ屬ʽĻع𣿡
һճģ͸о޾Ŀ־С
ҲǳһԱֻ˵塭̫ˣֱƲɵˣ
ͨʿȫ۷׷ף²ǳ׵ȴûһϢһУǲ²⡣
īҲ˵֣֣ʧ˺һ
ǰһλӵļ䡣
˵ǰĳ壬һ꣬˶ṫϣǸ˫ӡʵϣȴû֪ڰǰУʵһ𶥼ʿ
Ǿǳף
״ӱīͬͬǣīǵճסȴ
ǵģǰīͬĸֵܡ
ȴ㵽ĵزʱĳīǴ˿־壡κζһ۾ѧ᣻ףȴһգսʲôϲ
Ϊݵ⣬׷ǳ͵͵˳ڲ֮⣬缸û֪Ĵڡ
սõҲȫǻÿһͨд¹Сͷ
ΪΣֱӻص˳塣ϧǣصʱ򣬳īѾѡֻءûãˡ
ޱȵĳףҲʹɢ
ڳīǰһļ䵱У֮Ȼ̸жֵܸ飬֮ĹϵҲֽܲȻ࣬ʲô£ܹ໥໥ֵ֧Ĺϵ
ȻĻҲųīΣֱӸϻس塣
뵽ǰ֣ī̾Ϣһе֪ף᲻ԼǰǸֵأ


1683 ʷǰ
塣
ʥصĹé棬ߡ
˵éϵĴʼ꽨죬չ֮ءʼ׷˳֮éݱķ
ȵٶȹﴴʱʱѾȥ˺ܶꡣéݣΪԵʣȥȻʡԣһֱ졣Ѿشרó
νشᣬָľЩ̫Ϲ֮¡ЩˣȻǹļҲûʸéݡ
˿̣ߣȫһǸɿݵĵһʵϣǴ˿̣ȴڽ൱ҵ̸ۣȫصȷûκˣܹ֪֮Ľݡ
īҪˡ
ֹǾܾˡ
˵ֻû塣
ȥ
ȥ
١
̫Ϲ棬ȫκʵϣƿţһΪŵΪϣûа¶
оҪҪڹȴӵĵ
⿴ƺЩЦ̫Ͼߣһ̫ϾˣȻ˿־
ܲԼš
ǳͰ棬Ҳ˵ͷͬ顣
ڣǵݣʮ̫֮Ϲ棬ƺ켣䡣ȻûݳӾĶ־Ĵ˵ϸ΢ı仯ҲǼֿԡ
ǿǳˣпܣѾ˲⡣Ǹе𾪡
Ǿ飬ǳīһܹġ
̫޼ӣӦûǳָԤˡһĹ˵
ʮ֮˾šһͬ
ǾΪʲôҪԤ
ͨ磬Ҫˡһǳ󵨵Ĳ²⡣
ⲻܣͨҪǱȻӦһ淴
ǾУʲôӦһϣĸԼˣ
ǲӣˡ
ӴΪԼӵġ
һĬЩ̫Ϲľ綼̫ˣǶԼͿԣÿ˶ѱһ˵
ȴҲйʶΪ̫޼ӣǳָԤ¡
ߣ¡գһϵĹ滺ڣܾߵˣȥһ˶һ̫޼ɡΪʲô
Ҿû壬ĸԤ£ʵϣѾܹ֤ҪԤˡԣȥҲ
˵һ齨һΪӢ˵֯
ô˵֯
ո˵Ĭһ£˵֯УдʮӵܣҲ˵ֻҪ֯ڣʮ塭Ͳĳ
̫˰ɣѵΪʮΣ
Ϊѵûݹ治ô̫Ϲ˵֮ˣ˳ʱĳĬ
գϵĹ˵ɣԴǸƹžӢ˵ĺ֮һΪ˵ꡭԭӦŷϣֻΪԶսʱ򣬾ѾնԼһ֪ļѣԭھӢУѾųȥˡ棬һı˵ǱӦǸžӢ˵ĺϡǣšҵҪ̫޼λܸԤǵʲôزͺ˵ûκһ
ɡ
ɡ
ɡ
Ȼ
á
ʣ¼̫Ϲ棬ջϿַʽȻǵΣʧéС
Ϊϵé棬ٶȱ䣬͸Ųɣ
ǣ壬˲ˡϵµţȫЩ
̫ͻȻˣ壬еԴ˵֮һ֮һһޱȾ˵֣
֮һԴŵ˵ֱٰʮСôĴռ䡣
ӢųƷչķǳʵϣȫԴһʮ֮һСôͲˣ
壬ͨʮ壬еļˡ֮һҪȫԴҪ༸
ҲͲ⣬Ϊʲô壬ϵ£Щⲻ˼
ǲҿܣΥ壬̫Ϲ棬˵һġκ˵档
ԣܿģ嶼
һ˱ˣ̲֮ס󳳴ӣ㱻ϵĹŶ
˿̣һ߿ΪʲôҪôĶԴȫǸˣⲻǼ˿϶й
Ǹ֣δ˵ڣһδ˲˹Ŷ
Ȼںܶ˾ӵע£Ŷֱӱˣ˵âʧС
еˣȫŴˣ˲䳹׽
Ŷĸ׺ηֱӳȻ˶ˣ޺ΪʲôҶʲôΪʲôҪܵ˳ͷ
һεĴη֡
Ȼ󣬺ηҲˣֱʧС
£壬ΪĵϣˣȫŴˡ
Ǻֵ˭ԲŸе־塣
ѵѾʶΣҪ飬ڹȥûз
̫Ϲ棬Գ֣ɱֱͷһ顣
ĹĬ֮̾˿įȥûж£һ俴

īȻͨĴϣˮǧɽĽӹ
ĶͨгתöϹȻ̫֮ͨ·ңͨĹʷ඼ö档ϲ֮ǰͨʷ
˵öֵ޿ɹ
ЩóīԾġͨ˻ţҲšͨȫ֪ʷ֡
īе𺳵ģǹһµļء
أ״ᵽˡʷǰ֡
νʷǰͨʷԴͷ֮ǰ顣
ͨ磬ʷɿĹѾȥ˰ԪһǧڸͨꡣÿһǧԪңΪһСֻءСֻУӦٵ̫Ϲ棬ֱֻ֮ѡǻܿԣ̫Ϲ־磬Ѿĳ̶ֳȵĲͨһ̫Ϲ棬ԪӦöѾʮԪҲǰڵͨԪ
īΣоѾܵ˼Ĵһǧꡭʲôһͨ꣡
Ѿһʱ䳤ˣǳҲų˼ꡣͨ磬ȴѾ˲ֹһǧꡣ
Ϊʷǰ
ʷǰͨУһͨ취󡣾󣬿Գ뿪޴磬뵽Ӻ嫰ĵط˵УΨ뿪ͨ磬Ż֮ء


1684 ͨʷ
ʷǰȻһͨ취󣿿ֱ뿪ͨ磿īüͷкƽ֮ǰ֪ö϶˲õļأû뵽Ȼ˾˵Ϣ
ͨô֪Щģ
īие⣬Щ飬ѵͨЩ̫Ϲ治֪
Ͼ˵һͨе̫Ϲ棬Ѿ˳ͨꡣʮԪѵЩ飬һ֪
īǿеļȥ
ֻϧ󣬺˸ٵͬʱٵģԲõʷǰ
ī⣬̲ס̾Ϣ
벻ͨѾ£ȻĴʷǰ
ϲûжʷǰֿ̫϶Уīܸодⲿʷˣһǰٷְٿȷͨ磬Ǵڹʷǰģ
һУʷǰķ֮ϡǳƽ٣̫ĴʧˣսˡµҪµϴ񣬲һ̫磬ž޴һ̫ϾĴڣʼΧĻʼҪ뿪ͨ硣ġ۲ߡӦʱµһƽ٣ֻٴν١
۲ߣīֺУ̫Ϣ棬˸еƺ·һ˫ڵ۾һֱĬĬע顣
۲֣ģҲ˽Ǵ棬˽Ǽ𡭡Ǽ˼һżȻõʷǰȱŵϣһֳۡνҿǹ۲ߣӦʺһЩ
īУ޴Ĳдⲿʷ˾һĴڣȻʷǰĲȱŵ䶼ҵ̫ˡеĸֱּӵһ൱϶ͬóīеǳ𾪡
ԽǸ߾ĴڣЩɿԽǽٻô϶ȥ۵ƶһ¡
ҵƶϣͨЩ̫Ϲ棬ѾˡƫƫȫҪȥҪ봫˵е֮ءǷ֮أҲ˵Ҹҿ϶ǣһǶ󣬹۲ֱ߱ӳ֡ͨ磬ڹ۲ÿһγֵĹУɾ޴ˡػѾˡ
̫޼ƹ֮ܺӣƹˡǷ´Ը뿪ͨ磬ųΪȻĴڡǵĵУһԾԽ̫ϹĲΣ뵽ɸ۲߿򡣲ҲǿˡΪ۲ߣҿֹһȫ֣̫޼ӹȻû£ͨ磬Ȼǰȱ֮ˡĬĬػ磬Ȼԣҿ飬ҲΡ
ī⣬̲ס̫˸еˡֱǲ˼飡
Ϊʲô̫޼ôǿˣ
ԭѾԽ̫ǸΣ뵽ߵȥˡ
īҲͨ˵ģ˵ӲԸԭˣΪͨſͨ磬Ψһһʷ֪ȫǰ
̫ϸӣΪ磬̫ͬΡ
ī̾ϢţĶ
ˣ֪̫ͨϹǣһ٣һ٣ҪôӦڹ۲ϣҪôӦͨڲҿӦͨڲĿԸһЩϾǵ֮ԹԲãΪδֿ֪ԡϣгһգܿЩ̫ϹǾֵ̿ı顣һܺ档
ī⣬𾪵ͬʱҲ̲סЩݸ
дƪʷǰһˡҲϲЩ߸ϵ̫Ϲ档
Ҫͨ뿪ֻʷǰʱһͨ취󡣵ϧǣͼȱʧʷǰܶڹķϡҲȱʧ۲߳йءǴ磬̫صϺͲϡЩ۲ߣǶһȺΪǵ顣
ī΢΢˳飬дƪʷǰҲиѽ
۲ߡ֣ƽ棬ƺûκ֮뵽ǵƺǾֲ̫ˣ
棡
һƺ㹻ľˡ
ǿǳԽ̫ϵĴڣ򣬾ǳīҲ˿޷
ڼ͵۵ֳνܸоЩڵ˲á
дƪʷǰڱϣ϶û̫޼ӸߵġΪڳΪǰĵȴһ㶼Сӹ۲ߡ
⣬īѾ֪ö򣬾ͨдġӦҲʲôطõģ֪̫顣ԣʼţͼ½ͨ취ַͨʽؿ֮ͨ·
˵ָ֣ҲǴûˡͨΪ˲ʲô٣ĳ㣬ȴǺõģ
ؽͨ취ؿ֮ͨ·ģһˣͨ磬ͬ·еĶ飬Դл档
̽Ѱң·ǼѾͼĿܻ̲סҪȻŲԪּį˭ܶãܶʱ룬ΪʲôҪȥ׷أͨһʲôãѾǲĵ³ʲôӡҲҪҵںηҾ׷ʲôߵ·ǲһȷ·Щã
īһ̾˵ģ۲¶Ȼ飡
¿ȥ
Ϊʸֱȥ޼ӡõڵʱΪǳĴ𰸡޼ңɵǳӸ˵һΪ¶ڵʱҿֱ̫ˣ޼ۣ΢һҵľɷӵֹ۵㣬ʵǲܹܡ֮Ľ죬дⲿͨƪʷʱʵѾǶˡҲؽ㵽ɹĳߵ⡣ˣкηѾҪˡ
٣
ī⣬̲סüͷһ塣
ܳԾһֺĪĸо
ȻѸ¿ȥ
Ѿʶ۲Ѿˡ־ٶǿϾЩ̫ˡ񡭡˿ˣûʲô塣ҺȫٵϧǣѾˡ

īϣ¶ޱȾ㵵ı飬ŵúܴ󣬷·ȥһ쵰
ΪͻȻʶдƪʷˣȻλ˷ġ棡
ҵţ
ī̲ס
ʲô飬óī𺳵̶ֳȵġ
⡭Ҳ̫˲˼ˡ
˵ͨˣʵǰѾ֪һС֪õöʵǳλ޵дҲ֪īһ
Ȼ֪һУĲ֣ջʧˣ
Ҳǡǡ֤ʵ˵һ仰ǵ磬֮Ծʷ׳ʣΪδ֪Ͳȷԡ
̫Ϲ棬ҲܳһУ
īޱȼȥ
Щҵˣ֮󣬱ȻġֶҲȻΪⲢԸȴΪҲΨңг׻ٵҾҪˣϣҵĺ˵УܳһţΪĴƨɡ


1685 ۲
⣬īֱˣǾҵĳ鴤˰죬գҲֻܸ̾Լλ棬ֱһͯ
úܵȻֵ٩һ˵̬
󣬳īľʶУͻȻһӰӡ
ǵģһܵܵīȴһӾܸоӰӣ
ƪʷǸ㿴ġ
Ӱֱӿ˵ûѳīŹȥ
ӦҵĶٴأһʮǧˣˣ̫ˡ
īĿɿڴһ仰˵
Ϊƪʷ˭ܿˡƪʷֻܿȻҲʶ㣬֪˭һҵУһӰӵȥϣЩᡣ
ҲͼҶԻ㿴ҵʱѾ˲֪ˡԣ˵ͿˡӰ˵
īУ˲СĲû뵽ƪʷͨ˾ȻǿģͨΪʲôҪԼ
ʱӰ˵öУͨ취ͼǱ˿ԿġδԸȻϣгһգܰͨ취ĲϣͬҲܿЩϣȫкܶ࣬ϣѾѰˡͨ׳ϣʵҲҲû˵ϾҪһϣô
īͷߣȻ֣ʮа˾žԼļһֱһĲװ
ʵϣЩϣǿԵõġӰӵֻǶڹ۲ߵϡˣǴ򲻹Щ쵰Ȼ޼λǰϰæ˵ҲгɹĻᡣλֱ̫ˣӦǲֵġ
˵ţӰ̾ϢһҹĵķԭҪͼɱûа취辶뿪ͨ硣֤·߲ͨȴ˿޾顣Ҳû취˵һԲ񣬽ˡгһգ㿴ңһҪסͨ⼸ֶΣԷƽ񡭡
Ӱī˵һƽͻȥƵֶΡ
ܳīѾƳնȥֶΣӰ˵Щ֮Ǵܴ˲Ϣ̫ȥĵ
֪ģīΪȻһСڡ
Ҳһջˡ
Ӱ߳ī˭õö򣬵գص˵ңѾϵ޾֮󣬻һ١û̫⡣
ֻأû˵¿Բŵ̫ʿãȴ޷˵塣һֱΪϵġԶġԣνĻνһĿˡԣҵĺˣҪΪҸеˣ۲ҪɱңסҪɱҵ꣬룬Ҳûôװɣ˵ⶫ֮󣬻»صʱ䳤εҵءֻǸʱǷ񻹼ǵһأ
ӰӴӳīľʶֱӵʧ
ī˶þòܷκУܵ˺ǿǿҵ𺳡
ϻкܶݣĬĬļ

һУóīһֺǿҵС
䶨κһߣҪšɡšɡŵһ̡
ûо̵ģͲֵĺ塣
īö򣬺˵ʵ̫ˡ
ͨ취ͨ˲ţȴ档УīУ
īɱô̫Ϲ֮ʵϣϵԴۣѾһޱȾ˵ˣ
κһ̫ϹĴ磬һ𺳵ĲƸīǰѾɱ˾Ÿ̫ϾĹ档澳Щ͸ǲˡ
ϵԴѾԽκһ塣
Ĵ棬רűٳܶռ䣬ЩԴ
īоһͨ취ͼҪ󣬵Ǽǳѵ顣еЩԴͨ취ʮ֮һ
īҲûż٣飬ŶӾãԼŶꣿеʱ䡣˵ˣǻôô
һ·īֱӽ˹Ľ֮ϡ
űжЩꡣ֪Լɱ̫Ϲ棬űô룬᲻˸ԼֱӾ;ˣӦǲġ
ȻǵճһֹӵܣΪ̫Ӵ飬ֻͨάϵһ൱СķΧ֮ڡ
̫Զˣ̸ж档
öУ棬ҲȫûиīȥʲôڵļӡΪȫûǸҪ
Сֻءµķڣ֪˭ǰһʲôˣһ˵һء
ܿ죬īͽЩͷԺʼųʶһ㸲ĴءҪù彮ϵЩ̫Ϲ֪ˣ
īʶǳȥһ˲䣬Ľ֮ϣʱ
û
īûϸȥ㣬Ϳ˴Լǧͬʱ
ɵһ֣Ϊӭûٷ˼ѵǲ֪Լ淨ô
Ȼǰһ飬ʲôϵأѾǰļ䡣
īķУƽһ㣬һΣûлٳǡûгɱ顣
ǵ˵̫ϾǼλɡǻծʱˡű֮䣬һϣҲΪǹˡɱ˳ǷծǮ쾭顣Ǽ̫Ϲ棬ǲɱˣǷծԣǱ
īⷨƽˣûκһܹסЩ󣬶Գīľû˿ķӦ
ЩӵܣȫһҲ𺳡ī֮ⷬ󣬼ȫĬˡ
Ϊʲôǰ̫Ϲ棬ֱҪǽ֮һĲƸ鵽ű¡ԭ棬Ȼһ׮
һ̣Ҳ֪ӦøмīĲɱ֮Ӧʹ޳īǰծ
֮£Ǳȶ塢Ϲʵ̫ࡣ٣ǲñ磬Զļ԰ˡ
Ľ֮ϣһƬž
ʱ򣬴һϵɱ˳ǷծǮ˵ĺãȻǽ˶ϰɡ
ţϵӰֱλֱӷɳ
ĵһ£ȴųī𹥻ֱӷϸۣ֮֮ϣ֮СȻͬʱ֮ͨ۵ǵ񲻿ɼıݡݺһ˹ȥ
̫ϾĹ棬һ˺ȥû֪ûۼʱ˿̣īڸܵˡ
һɿȫսѵԿԺͨ磡
ۿǲ֪ĽݣȻֱӱһɲͨȻƬ񷣬ȫһನ֮£̮
ոմ֪һЩĳīֱӱ𺳵ˣһӾͲµҪʲô
Ҫ۲ߣ


1686 ֮ͨ
ֱ̫̫ˣ
ͼַͨʽ桱٣
һ鷢ͨƣؽһ˭޷Ԥ֪ı֣
̫Ϲ棬ԶûôǸûʩչֶΣֱҪͬھĽ࣡
⣬Ҳģ
֮ͨ⡣
һƬδ֪ռ䡣
վˡһŮǰվûһϢɢ·ѾվˡȴҲһȾ
еӢԴս£Ůľͬս¡
Ƭռ䣬̫嫣ΰֹռУǺҫ⡣
ԣһž޴š
ź޾Ǻӣ̫ˣޱ޼ʡɢһɹǿҵ
ͻȻ䣬ž޴Ĳһ¡
˵УһʺսµӣȻ˫ۣ޴šȻ΢΢üڡԶûĳǰᣬȥʵ̫ˡ·ǰ
Ǳߡж
ʱһһŮͬʱ˫ۣȫǾ޴š
Ů˵С
Ǹźɫսµһ䣺淳
һ˰ɡźɫսµӢϣ¶һ˿Ц⣺˵ҲѾкܾãûȥˡ˵ѾһЩʡ
źɫսµĮȻ˵˭ȥ
Ů˵ȥɡ
ðɣСһ㣬Ҫλźɫսµѵ
Ůӵϣ¶һĨĲмҴӲλʲôв
ҪģǸطҲܽġźɫսµ˵£Ԫһδšֻʱǲſ룬Ҳʱǻһ룬ǵٵƽʱҪȥȴҪķѴõʡȻòʧ
һΣ㲻׬ˣŮӵ˵
źɫսµ΢΢ҡͷֻûôԼСİɡʵһδſӣҲǺԶˡǧ˰ٸԪҲ͵ˡԣǱû̫⣬㲻Ҫ̫ͣáմȾ
ŮüƺЩͷǵͷ֪ˡ
˵ţһȥ˲û뵽Ǿ޴ŵС
źɫսµӺȻ˵Ҿò̫á
źɫսµЦЦˣλֻҪ֣ʲô鶼ûС
һأɫսʵ
ѵ뱣סǸˣɫսӵЦģҸǴǿŴȱģǵһСԼǲ׳ֵģȻһΣʲôʱţҲȥɱһҪôʱҲֻȰһ䣿Ȼûκٶ
һأƺǳ⣬źӣһָԤأ
ɫսµüźɫսµӣǿĪǸӦʲôˣ
ɫսҡҡͷе㲻ȷӦȻйɣмѭͬҲ̫飬˲ԡ
ô˵ɫսƺЩá
˵˵ȥ̫ҵǰԵˡźɫսµӵĿһۺɫսӣ㣬ͬҪҵǰԵô
ɫսµӳĬһ£ҡҡͷҪҳ֣Ҿ͡
˵⣬ƺһۺɫսӣȴӶԷУݼŵһĨźȻЦˣ˵λĳ֣кηò̫ãžͻῪǳȥɱЩ飬߸ǵ磬ǵȻ󡭡һ֣λڣҲˡ
ɫսµЦЦ˵㡣

֮ͨڣŹ̫ϹһֱӾ̫ڡ
̫ͨϹ棬ȫˡһ̧ͷͷ񷣬·ʲôֲĶһ
Ҫͱ찡й̲ס̾Ϣ
Ҫʲô̫ˣʮ̫֮Ϲ棬Թܲ
ͨϵĴڣͬʱ˫ۣ̾Ϣһ
̾ϢΡ
Ȼ˼ͬʱſڡ
𣡡
ӷ𣡡
ͬʱֱ쳹̫Ϲľʶ
ֹԶ֮ǰϹе̫ϹܵĴҪ׺ݶˡɵ˺ֱǱ
Ĺ棬ȫѪǵУҲ¶ޱȷĹâ
һ淢ǿҵ֮ŭ𣺡̫޼ӡȻҪ׻ͨе̫Ϲ棬Ҳ飡ҪٵǣǾͻٵ磡
һĹ˵һȻ档潵٣ֶ档ͨ磬ҲΨܹ⣬Ǳǵģ
𣡡
ӷ𣡡
ķȻƽȣȻɣУ޾ѹ
Ĺ棬ǿ󵽲˼Ԫ̼䣬˲˼Ĵ
ţ貶ĿѪɫâ
Ȼһſͷ­ֱӱն
īҲˣ棬ȫǷˣǸոǾٶڿ۹أĴڣˣɣ
һĴڽٵ䣬룬ǱȻһĺƽ١ֺƽ٣ûܹ⡣
īûеõöҲͨеЩ漶ڣҲȫͬҲľٶˡ
Щ澳ʿ׷ʲôҲ̫֮Ϲ
ȫãһǿҵĿ־
ƺҪʲô˲õĿֲ鼴ǡȴȫ㲻ʲô
īգۼ䣬ն̫Ϲͷ­
ʣˣ˿ȫǿţԼҽСȴ̲סԪشĸоֱֲ̫ˡ
̫Ϲ棬ֻ⵽һֹΪǸոյľٶֱ÷Ӹ̫޼ȫŭˡˣ˫ع
ֹǳܵʹ࣬Ҳ֮ǰīնɱЩǿҺܶ౶
ʣ̫Ϲ棬ȻڿЦݺ£ǲߣ
ҪӦ٣˶á̫޼ӣǻбӦģ
澿ʲôģҺ
Ǹ̫Ϲ棬ЦУīֱնȥͷ­ЦȻֹ
Ȼ󣬳īһץԴĿῴһĻ
˵ţеͷ­ȫ׷ӡӽ˲硣
󣬳īϣҳʮķҲջȥ
Ȼ̧ͷŸո̫Ϲ湥ǴݡɲĴʼһ
īͷһţ
˵ѵˣ


1687 ȹŮ
ţɶԹļ̫ϹʹޣͷԪʱǶЩͷ
ʱ򣬸֮ϣǸ޴ӶĽ棬ˡ
īվĿĿ
һˮǿӶʼ
ڣһӰ棬ֱ˳
һ޵ϢľɫŮӣһɫĳȹⳤȹɢŴһս£ɢĲܹܵһս£
Ůޱȸ߹ǿӶ߳գ֮䣬͵˳īǰĿ⣬ȴû䵽īϣƺ̧ͷ죬ȴһ﷢ʲô
īŮӵĸ̬ȸŪ÷ǳˬܣ֪Ůһһ˲õĴڡ٣硭˭ġЩ̫ϾĹ棬ҲС
īûлش𣬶վ´ŮӡòҪһŮӵľ磡
ߣֱӸ˳īһ޷̽Ĵ𸴡
ʱɫȹŮĿ䵽īϣ񼫶ȱ䣬Ҳ顣
͵ңŮ俴ųī
ûСīԥҡͷϡҪľ磬ûȴ˵͵֪ģΪЩʲôء
һ飬ҲǰѣŮһȴûм˵ģ֣һָһͨˮ
īһ֪Ҫ׷ݸո﷢顣
īҪǰֹȴŮһȻˮ۵һˣ
ŮͻȻңԶĵ˵£
ǱߣֱӴһţӷ𡣡
Ů˵ӷҲûãӷ㡭ߡŮ˵һ룬֪Ϊʲôûм˵ȥ
ʱ򣬶ִһţ𡣡
Ůϵıˣһüң˵۸ǰɣȥ˭ǶװƣһΣǾҪˣ
Ů˵ţȻֱīˣ
˵ǺںҾ
ˣ
Ůֱһīš
ǶȻһֻӡ
īӿ޵ķŭûж߱죬ȭͷŮӵֱӺ˹ȥ

ŮӶҲһֱ
оһʲôƺЩ̫Ϲһƾ޴
īȴִͷĸо
ŻȹŮֲ̫ˣ˵ǳīǿߡ
һƼһӾĵ˳īŴīȭͷҲˣ
أ
һ졣
ī۵һһѪֱۣһӾͶϵˣһ죬ͷֱѡ
ȹŮӵƣȴһȭˡ
ŮӸоԼֱۣЩ顣ϣʱ¶һĨ֮ɫ벻ֵطȻӵսʿеܾȡ
īľ磬Ϊ̫ˣȴһۿīľ硣
澳
ô͵ľ磬ȻܵסԼһƣ
ŮӵϣоһܶλӦûڿһĻ
ҿܵסҼƣ
ʱ򣬶ͬʱ
𣡡
ӷ𣡡
ȻӰֱӳ
·ƾճֵģ
һŹϵ۵ߣ̧һӣֱӽŮӵĹ¡
ŮӶʱ˺ܶಽ
ţŮһֻըëèһȻŭϣֱȡһѹӵĳһŵ۵ߡ
ϣ
Уһ
ŮӵһսѾﵽһּ뷵豹״̬ƺһѰߡʵϣÿһӵ֮
īһԿҡҷֱţϾȻ˿µ顣
ŵ۵ߣҲޱǿŮι赭дĻҿȥƺԸŮӷ
Ůȴǲģ纮˪չ˷Ĺ
һߣһϺУϾɵģһĿųīðɣ
ϺУطһʲôĴڡûκǿϢ¶
īȴ֪ϺУӦþӣϵʿȻض̫޼ˡֻû뵽ԼӾȻôڰаԼҲͰˡԼ߳ΣǾȻˡ
īкܸм򵥻ָһֱ۵ƣȻϺʩ񣺡û£лǰġ
ϺпųīͷȻĿתϵʿǱߣȻ˵ɱ
ɶ
īͱһһֵĿϺС
˵ʲô
ɱ
ɱ˭
ɱ֮ͨŮô
Ҫͱ찡
³īͨһ磬ǷǴ˵е֮ءȻǸһԶ߳ͨĵطɱˣûô
Ǳϵʿƺԥһ£Ҳֻһ˲䣬īûиоϵʿԥ
ǱߵսһӾͱü
˫֮սʽīѾʼЩˣ
ǵģ
˵ոϵʿȹŮ֮սīܴиܵһǿĵôڣīֵѾܲˡ
óī𾪵ͬʱɵöǸǵһΣ˵ҪǸ򣬸һǸķ
ȹŮƺΪŭֱġͨϵĴڣȻɱ
ǻˣ
ȹŮµһϵʿЩ̬ȴޱȵǿơһ˵ֱӸϵʿչ˼ҵս
˫֮սûɢκǿҵĲҲǳīĵطףķ豹档֮սĻÿÿɾ޴˺
̫־սǴƬƬĴ񷡣
·棬̫εʿ֮ս׾ٵĽռϣ
ȹŮԽսԽľ֪ͨλϵĴڣһΪޱȸ˵ʵûнڷ
ڴûжȺ˱ֳκε⡣٣޶ԡö֮ڣЩ˵УСµˡ
лȱһҪػͨ硣ˣҺǽа壡
뵽һΣ˾Ȼֱӷˣ
ûȹŮӵĶӶҪըˡ
Ѿû̫ྫȥΪϵʿķ̫ˣ
ԷûʱδоһԷʱףǶ֡
ɱңŮӺ˵ѵǲ𣿡
εĽ뵽磬Ѿ˹ءϵʿһȹŮӣ˵
ֲȻĹأȹŮӱϵʿһһ˿Ѫ¶ޱȷŭ֮ɫ
Ҫô뿪Ҫô°ɡϵʿƺѾ˸Ů˵ֱͨ뺡
Ҫ뿪һʲôıŮȵȻЦɱңɱ㲻ĴڣǷˣ
ϺһԵ˵ϣʲô㲻Ĵڣ뿪֮أ˭ḯࡣ


1688 ϣ
īһõľ֮˵ģϣеĶڶһֱ׷ѰǸ𰸡
֮ͨ·֮أ
ԭ֮ǴڵģҲȷǿ㲻ġ
˵ֵطӦأΪʲôǻҪҪʲôѾӵ㲻ѵ
ȹŮ̬ǿӲƢܻŭҪϵʿѹôʩչȴȻϵʿĶ֡
֮սʱ̣ܶ಻ʱȹŮӾѾ֧Ųסˡ
ʱȵߣ
ϵʿ̾Ϣһˡ
˵ţϣȻ䱬һޱµƺγһѽȹŮնȥ
˵ƺΪīֻܴŸ֪ǰѽĴڡȴȫʶҲ޷׽
ȹŮ¶Ȼ֮ɫʶԷǶģŻ
ϣҲȻ䱬һɼ˿־Ҫϵʿƴ
Ϻֱһ֣һ͵ī廤ס
䣡
ϵʿȹŮ֮䣬һ졣
ţϵʿ˼ȹŮӵ壬һӾʧˡ
īɴ۾ľ磬Ȼȫûпʲô
ȹŮʧˣϵϢһӰ٣ûˡ
ˣˣīʵ
ûҲûܡϺ˵߷˶ѡ
ֻһ߷īǳ鴤ţŵĿϺС
ʱϵʿǱ߹߱˵ˣ򲻶ˣҪͣϸ첲ȵģͲˡϺУϲָʹˣոô򣿡
Ϻ˵ղֻȿֺȥ
īһĿλ˵⻭ôô죿̫޼ӣ
ʱϵʿһ۳ī˵ҸϺУֻǲˡϺϲգҲϲ
ӷֱҡϺпһϵʿ
ϵʿųī˵⶯ֵе벻ȻǱߵˡ
Ϻһ̾
īһãȻ
ϵʿһӣֱۣ֮ӳһӵĹȻ˵߰ɣȥ˵ɡЩ飬ҲҪ֪ˡ
īϺкϵʿ󣬽
ĳ򵥣ܸɾһȾ
֮ϵʿųīһ̾תתڻǻص˽졣
Ϻһһţӷֻشܣ顣
īˣ΢΢üͷҵǰǰǰĳӣ
ϺЦ
ϵʿ˵ֻ飬û˵塣Щ̫ʿԲֻأĳʱѡʵϣеܣǲסܶʼֻأֻûг׽ѡ
īϵʿ
Ͷˡϵʿ˵ǶˣҲͳ׳ˡ
ǳ𣿡īʵ
ϵʿҡҡͷں쳾У˭˵Լѣ
ϵʿ˵ţųīǰֻ˵
ơϺһԵͷ
īЦǰһֱֵ
ϵʿ˵ͨ磬ʵһٶѡν֮أҲһ԰ˡ壬Ѿȥ޾¡ΪԣȻšȻ󣬴ĵط֮Ϊ֮ء
ȵȡȵȣīһĿϵʿϢ̫ˣī˶𺳵˵æϵʿ˵
ϵʿЦЦôڵͨ磬ʵֻһеһ٣Ѿӽ˥ߡԣͨʱбΣաΪʲôÿһ£ͻͨһΣΪǲ串Щƴȡͨ֡ôͻͨı٣ͨǱ٣ͻᷢӦǱǸΪ֮صĴԡȻҲͲˡ
Ϻһ˫У¶ޱĹâǽֲ֣ڽӡǵУʵҲ磬ֻ֪ǵĴڣⲢǲڡ
ī˶һдġ¡֡
ֵô˵أû۾ģڡеܹͨĶܿĶȫ֮
ԣеķΪڵ̫̫࣬īܹ֤ġ
īȴȫ޷ԼȻһ񡱵ţ
˵ǲϵϵŬƴ׳̣ʵڵ˵ž޴󸺵ģԽǿ硭Ҳ٣ͻԽ˥ī뵽˽ʱ򣬼Щ˲ķˡЩ泤˾޴ǵһ̶ȵʱǸҲҩҽˣֻܵ
ĿϺиϵʿ˵ѵЩˣȫһϵһֲ
ϵʿͷλãࡣҲ˵ǳ˴֮⣬ΪҪһطΪûܹѣǶСȥ벻ԣ߾飬ڶϤ֮ǻῪʼҪԼ֮⣬е顣ΪԽ٣硭ͻʱԽ
ԣЩ۲ߣÿ꣬ͻ߸ͨһΣīʵ
Ϻиϵʿͬʱͷ
ϵʿ˵磬ܹ飬ֻǼǰѳ磬Ҳ̫֪ܡ
֪ˣҲᾡȥࡣϺ˵
ôī̾Ϣ֪ˣأ
֪ˣͻᷴͻ취ƴҪϵʿ˵Ӽı
Щ֮󣬳鳾أһѭīʵ
ϵʿͷѭһЩһ澳飬ͻῪʼѭ̫Ͼ磬ǻþֶԼֻء
īЦˣ̫Ͼ飬ÿֻһΣ磬һ־޴˺
ϵʿ˵˺ĳ֣ٹ鳾ҲٹǲءһΪķͨıֱ˷ٵá
ī˵¸ûϵ
ϵʿ˵һΣ۲ǽˣǻɱλ档
īĬȻ
£վڸߵĲȥȻˡվĽǶȥȴû
ԣ£ü򵥵ĶԴС
ԭȻǿ͸ȴҲȥıʲôҲȥıʲôȻȥ֮أΣһһʹߣϵʿ˵ˣǿϣ
ңǿϣīüϵʿϺУһš
ԣϣϵʿ˵


1689 ̹Ե
īЩЦõĿλǶֻһҲīǵľ
̫޼ӣͨ磬ϵĴڣ
Ȼʾīǵϣóīüϵĵһ±ޱȳ
ǰѵϺʱ򣬿ųīڡ
ī룬ֱӽ߱ȡѪɫ쵶ɢű޾ɱһ˼ḧֱ߱ӷ֮
ϵʿϺеĿ⣬֮߱ϡ
Ϻ˵Ӧþǰѵ
ϵʿͷû´Ļˡ
īһͷˮĿˣʲô˼
ϵʿųī˵ˣΪ̹šҲԶ֮סһѴ󸫣ǳΪ̹ŸѸԶʮ֮ס֪̹Ŵǰ̹Ÿ֮⣬ϣһԵ̹Ÿٵأﲻƣ䣬ǰѵȴеѣ֣̹ԵȻ˵Щ顣
̹Եī΢΢üȻ̲סʵ¡ô֪ģ
һˣ洳ϵʿ˵ʱѾˣ;ƿݵĵزǸ˵ľ粢ôֻ̫ϾΪ洳һ·嵽ڵͨȥ˳ֻɱһ۲ߡҲΪһ׮ʹЩҲ֪һЩ飬ͬʱҲ֪ѵĴڡ
̫Ͼʿܻɱ۲ߣīһ𾪡
ϵʿ˵ʱѵһѵ
ī𺳵ü˵
߱졭ѵȻ磿Ϊ̹Ե̫ϾĲΣֱӻɱ߲εĴڣ
ʱҸϺУҲ̫ϾΪ˵£жˣϵʿһϺС
ϺЦЦ
ϵʿƲƲ죬Ȼ˵ҪǸˣ̫ˡѾȫûϣˡ˵̫ܡҲһΣҸϺв֪磬ԭӵġ
ϵʿ˵ī֪˺ܶྪ˵ܡ
Ǹ磬磬Ǹ˵˵ĵطɡ㲻ʵɲ⡣ûн١ѵ顣
Ȼɵ磬ͬзʱǱӽ̹֮СҪѰһˣ̹ɱȥΪѩޡ
飬ֻأǸطˡ᳹ȥīʵ
Ǹ˵Ķ̫ǿˣֱӶϾеϵʿ̾Ϣ˺ܶ๦࣬ȫϡ
Ϻ˵⣬ǳǸľ⹦ȴʲô˶ġǰѵҲµġ
ѵκϣģֶֻҶΨϣŻȫһϵʿųīǸ˵ǰ˵㣬˵Ժ󣬻һˡ
⡭ǰңҵԭ򣿡īϺиϵʿ
˵ͷкܴԭ򡣡
ĳأīʵ
ϺҡҡͷǸʱ㻹㡣
⻰̫ˣīȴˡ
ϵʿ˵Ϊ֪ʲôģǼʧȥ뿪˼ôأȻʲô㣿ϣû㡣
ϺЦ뿪ҲʧΪһ£٣Զֻ֮ͨࡣ
ϵʿųī𣿡
īͷˣӦô
ϵʿĿһ۳īҪԼġ
ġ
ī棬ôģ
Ҫ뿪ô
֪֮󣬿϶ûԸ
ɰϺиϵʿ˵ǳ̹磬ȻҪ޾ķ䣬δľ
һ̣īֺƣĸооûκһطǳ͵ġ
ɵǸ磬ʵࡣһ̹ӦҲǳ׳ˡûҪΪѵǸ˵ĴУҪȥе̫顣Ǹ˵Ҳ˵ǿΪѾˡϺпЩãȻĳī˵
ϵʿͷ뿪Ҳã٣ǿ
Ϊʲôߣīˡ
ôϵʿһ£Ȼ̹Ȼ˵û취ʹǰѵƲңˣͨͻܿͨˣҲɶƵı
Ǵƣ
īоĵѹǸҺԥնǻȹŮӵķ֮صЩڣҲ̫λ档Ȼλӣ綼޴ĺƽ֮С
ʱ򣬳īȻ뵽һ⣬̲סʵ˵̹Ŵôǿô䣿
ϵʿ̾һ˵ûʲô㲻ġ̹Ŵ䣬µʴֻˣϢˣǣȥˡ
īͷߣⲻ˼Ρ˾ȥһ̬ͦġ
ֻʵبųġϺи˳īĴ𰸡
īɿһϵʿ˵ͷûϺôʵڡȻŻ
ϵʿЦ־磬ĲһˣҪûȥʱԡЩ٣ԣʵÿһе飬ԵġԣЩ飬ʵ棬һ汻˱ӳЦһ棬ȴҲǱĽʵġ
īͷ̫顣Ҳ֪λһؽǸ֣˲Ρ
֮ȣͨĿǰЩ⣬ѾʲôˡɱЩ̫Ϲ棬ĳ̶ֳ˵ͨ硣ӦҲ̫޼ڳְҪԭ
·ѾԱ˵Ҫ߳ȥѣ·ǳΪ֮ͨ·˵ȴԶûôѡڣߣʱѵΪնһ·ȥϵʿ˵
ϺʱͻȻ˵һ䣺˵̹ܳԵߣ̹ŴѪУҲǿ̹ԣΪֻˣ̹ԵѡΪûУԣ˶ѡ
Ҿãǽ߱īḧ߱Ѫɫ˵
߱
ȻģôʲôȻҲˡϵʿ˵
˵ţϺеΣľҪʧ
īȻһ£ʵͷȵȣô£
һ죬Ҳֻӣ㼸ǧˣϵʿͣʧΣųī
ǧšīƤЦĿϵʿĶأ
ޣΪɳôҪж٣ϵʿһ۳ī
ֱ˦īһһѵ֪ԼƳĲܽô
ǱϺЦŷţʧ


1690 ն
ʣ³īԼ˰Σüͷ૵ҵĲܽ⣿
漴īʶͨһ¡ȻֱӴǣɼ⡢ɱܻɹաɷءɻ硢նɹһ޸޸޸ô£ⲻƲʱ򣬾ѾĹôȷǿ޸ģ
īϣ¶Ц֮ɫȻˡҲ̸ǣǰһļ䣬ѵĲûô
ǰһΪվ̫־磬ֻ֮УȻй֣ȴȻ̫޼ڣҲ벻ġ
ʱ򣬳ī˵̫޼ͷȻΪʲôҪһ
īʶһ۲еĶֱӴסˡ棬ȻһĴ硣Уûκ飬ֻһ޴Сһһ磡
ϽŲҡ
īףԭ̫޼ͷԼµһ
ʲôһ죬ƭ˵ģ
ͷǲף黹൱׵ġȴһѵͯ粻˭ţѹͨ˵̫޼һˣ
īͨһ£֪ԭͬҲǸ磡
Ǹ˴еһӣ
̫޼Ȼ̫޼ֳһԣͷ˵һ죬˵Ҳġ
īԼеЦã˵ðͷҴˡ
ȻǱ˴ӣ飬˽⡣ͨеĺܶܣ֪ĺϸ
Ҳܼįīûµʱ򣬶˵˵īȻ֮ãһӦгһգ棬Ȼ
ŵرġ
īϣȻʩʩȻ߻˹
壬һƬң
˵īѾŵڹűϣٶԹˡ̫Ϲ䣬Ȼ뵽޾Ļ֮̿С
ͨУȥšκεˣֻĳĬš̫ϹȫˡȥЩˣ޶𣿻Լ֪϶ܣ
ԣ֮ǰͶ׼һٵʱȻг˻̿֡
Ҳֻеһ̣ǲףǲǿˡǵݡλʵ羵ˮһ㡣
̫ϹˣҲעҪ˥䡣
ĺ߲ܶҲĸհԶѹ˹űϡȻĻڣֻҡ붼롣
ǻøлī
ֱ̫ˣ
Ҫǳīɱ棬ô
ԣ£Գīȫìܡޱʹͬʱȴòϣλǰĳӣֻع֮Ȼߣ
У̫޼ͷӵİѾҪˡΪ˰Ҳʵһ֣
بųĴܣôȥأ
īڹһȦȻûκվЩ󡭡ҲȫϢϨˡ˷ڳīϣֵܳЩˡ
һվī˶ûС
īеʧֱҡͷ뿪˹塣
ûлع壬ǳȥǸ򣬻кü壬īһȦֱӰǶˡ
塢Ϲ塢塣壬ѾīˡĲϹƵȲīع飬͵б嶼ǳīĶ֣䣬˭סī
̫Ϲ֮ǰԸˣ֮һļԴű£ʱҲ˳ȥ
ܶʶӢ˵ĸλĵŮűԭī֮䣬һЩȻôӣ
ųīУǼȫëˣ
ļϹ塢Ϲ塢Ϲ塭ģǸϹ塣ųī뿪֮һ·УļҹȫֱҪˡ
˵֮ǰûб֮ǰĸٻеôڣһûˡֻʣĿ־壡
žӢ˸űī֮нϢ֮ļҹ壬ڵһʱ䣬űϵϣǺԥֱó֮Դ֮һǸӢ˵ġʣ֮һҪͨӢˣתīЩӵܵ
ǲǲī̸һīӲκᣬͳ֡վ뱣漸档
ҪȥһַŹǵӵܣʵе̫ˡ
˭⣬ǵĳңȴŹʹˮĻᣡ
Իھϣչ޾ĳЦ
ͨӢתôһҪúܶࡣΪô˵ӢеĺĳԱЩĹӵܡҪӦҲǿԼˡ
ʵжģǽ壬īļϹ壬ǼûκԥģͽеĲƸͳȥ֮
ûͨϹ̫Ϲ棡
ǵģϹУͬҲ̫Ϲ档ͨ磬ʮ壬о壬̫Ϲ档ˮ塢ͺ壬̫Ϲ档
ԣҲǹǿļ塣
ϹͳϹ壬̫Ϲ档ģǱīһĶˣֻ̫Ϲ档ʣЩ壬ȫ̫Ϲ档
Ϊ棬֣ġܱ֤ľ԰ȫܱ֤̫Ϲ涼㹻Դ˶ˣԴͻᱻߺܶࡣϾͨĸѾγˡǰ飬Ҳ̫ٷһΡ
ԣϹ֣֮ǰͿԳֵ̫Ϲ棬ȴԼӲסˡ
Ϲ̫Ϲ棬Щͳ֮ƸҲĬϡΪʵĺܣȻڲ֣ôīҳǰɣһֱԤȥôͨʮе̫Ϲ棬һӲ̹Ȼԡ
ϾǷµծ
Ȼеµ򣬾ͲҪ½öжĹ
³˾͵Ҳñŷȣ̹Ȼԣ
ǳīڶУһΣȥ𣬲һΣԵҲԣûмķһΣǸͨŮʱ̫޼ȫˣȻԵ𣬵ԵֵˣȻͼϺУϵʿ
īһ·Ҳ˼˺ܶ顣вʮ̬ȡ
ʮ鶼Щ̫Ϲ棬һһȫԴԩģ
·ϣīѾõ˹űϢЦЦһ϶Ĵ𸴡


1691 ѵĻ
Ϲ塣
Ѿ֮ĲƸ˳ȥȴûеõһ϶Ĵ𸴡ҲȥԹűϾԼģͬʱҲǰѱѹ˹űѹ˾Ӣϡ
ȫڵȴг̿֡
Ǹ׷꣬Ѿɹȡ˸Сӽеħͨ庢Ŀеħ
ʵֺֹӣ
īħƺţѾԽ˸˫ƺšΪͨһƺš
ʵȻ治īͬʮ֮һЩ콾ĲīΪû̫޼ӵİѾˣŵ죿һ̫ϾĹ棬׾ٵѹ
û취ֲҲֻʵʵװұ¶±˸ȥʱīħҪǿɾͻˡ
ΪЩ콾ǣޱȲԸҲòϣǶǳīĶ֣
īĲ㼶Ѿֱ̫Ǹˡ
澳ʿͲսīͷ
Ϲ޾ϣѾһϵĹӵܣǳ뿪Ƭأǳ׷ɢȫǺʹǣ涼Ѿһˡ
û˸Ҽ棡
ȻѱѾѹ˹ű;Ӣϣһʹأ
ī֮ССЩǣûȥ
Щսս־ޱȵļϹӵǣȫ֪ǸħѾ·
ܿ죬ī˼Ϲĺ
Ϲ̫Ϲ棬ҲйûеȳīȥԼվ
򣬽չҵȲԹһϹĹ˵
һϹĹ濴ųī˵Թ鲻Թ֣ȻͬڽһбӦ
īЦЦеһҺҵĵһе
ϣ
߱졣
ϹĹīһ޾񷡣
һϹĹ濴ųī֮ǰǼ̫Ϲ棬ͼȴҲ뱻̫޼÷ԣˣὫ磬ȫѹƻ澳һս㣬īɸң
ī΢΢һ漴һϹĹ棺ԣ
ԴˣīûκѹҲƭԼ
Ϊӿ϶ڹעⳡսһѣôʱԷһֱ̫Ϲ֮սӵô
ϹĹ棬ҲҪһϵսǲ뱻̫޼ֱشԪȻ澳İ׷ͷ­Լѹƾ磬ƽһս
Ĵһǿǹƽһս
˭Ǹ˫ĳӣ˭ǳīħ
ܿ죬׼á
ûдкֱӳųīˡ
ս˶û֡Ȼ綼ѹƵ澳ۣһսȻС
Ѱ澳ʿͬ۷ЩǣҲֻһ֡
Щ˶Եͷ⣬ҪԶԶ澳ʿԣѹ˾磬ĴһսīʵҲռˡǻܹȡʤҲֻ˵һ£Ǹ
Ȼ̫޼ӣѹ˾֮󣬶ûٶǳ֡
˲и̾ڣȷҪųī֣ˡ
ԭȻһ󲿷֣ǵĴڣһ˺
ΪԵ飬˭˶أ˭߾أѵڣͲҪԴάǵľô
˵ף磬ǿʳûʲôԡڹƽ֣һЦԼǿ󣬻ҪԹƽЦʲô
䣡
Уֱһ졣
Ƭգֱӱˡֱֲųīϯ
ľɱ
īܳȣֳֹ߱죬ӭϣȫûһ˼
սֱӳϣǿսϣһı죡
˫ͬʱҲߵĵߵķ
ī⣬ֱӻͷȴ޿ɱ⡣ҲĶ
һʯͷȭͷ飬ȥңġ
ķ
īоһҵķڣȴû˿仯е߱죬ֱնһ̫Ϲ档
̫ϹУ⣬ϣĹϷ
Ҫסīһ
̫Ϲ棬ȴһ˲䣬Ĺī
Ƭ֮ϣ֮¡ֱӱһֲĲ˷ϵĳȥ
īһն˴ĹϷգն̫Ϲֱϡ
̫죬̫죡
һٶȣһ졭Ƿ
֪һնȴ޷ӱܣ
Ϊ˫ٶȣһ㼶ϡ
ѹ澳ͷӦ
꣡
̫Ϲһֱֱۣӱ߱ն䡣
ͬʱ̫ϹĹҲѾڳīϡ
īǿƥһĹͷ
ӲӲȵġ˭ǿ˭ݣ
˫Ʋ磬ĺݽɫ
īһȭͷҲһ̫Ϲš
꣡
ս£̫ϹֱӷһĹͷؿڣȥ
īֵ߱죬һն̫Ϲͷ­ֱӱն䡣
Ȼ󱻳ī˲òӡս˲ȥ
ʣ̫ϹȫһԳīĹǱó׷
ҪĹ
īϣܿ˴˿ڣѪԷ̫ϹҲûкõȥǵƣȳīҪء
һҵս
󣬳īնһ̫Ϲͷ­ʱԼҲҪߵ;ƿݵľء
ĸ̫Ϲ棬ĲЩͨ澳ʿܱȵġ̫ǿˣ
ҪǳīһսѾԱȼ̫ϲ㼶ʿһս޸ԤȻ䡣
һֱڰйսһЩϹĶ澳ʿīڿѪģȫЩˡ̲סҪ֡ȴ⵽̫޼ӵĸԤ
³īһǨŭϹ塣Ļ͵òʧˡ
飬һʿõ
գ̲סˣ
ΪۿųīŲģѪϵϢҲܲȶװģīħˣ
ƴˣ
мϹĶ澳ʿȻųīˣ
һ֧ʸңԶգֱī֧һϢ
һ֧·棬ȻὫ䴩ƴĽѡ
ۣ
֧ʸȻֱӶ˳īļڳīļͷһѪ
ˣ
īħѾǿ֮ĩս챻Ĺˣ
һѵĻᣡ
ɱ
Ϲ壬澳ʿȫ̲ס궯
ǿ໥ͨţȻųīһɱ
һ˲䣬Ȼмٸǿ澳ʿֱī
һĻҲ˵Ԥϣ
Ϊ֮ǰ˭û뵽ⳡսһϾ֮ǰ棬īն䳾
ڣϹ棬ȴƺһĿӣ
һѵĻᣡ
ϹļüһĨɷŭһо񣬲ƴۡɱī


1692 ѪսϹ
˵ϹļҲһ֮ˣǳһһζˣǿܾٲ³һӮˣôϹ壬Ϊͨ磬йӢۣ
еĹӵܣм֣Ҳ׵ͨʷϡܵʲôʱ򣬶Ʋ֣
ԣһ̣ϹļһѪҲֱȡһѹŽųīķɱȥҪһȣҪʣ
ļϹʿȫųī˹ȥ
֮ϵĳīԡѪͷ׷ҲԵЩңۿȺˡȻֱķ
Ȼŭ⣬䣬óī˺һľ硣ľ˳˷ųī߷ӵ
ͬʱīҲʩչǳϵս죬ǳ֮Ѿ˼Ĺǳӿͬ󽭴һ㣬ųīﱼڶ
īϣһ˲䣬ޱȿֲϢ
졭ڻָ
ֹ
һҪ
ǧָʵȻĻˣȫҪ
죡
һȺϹĶʿҲȫ׳īʲôǷһҪֹī
ַɣǿĹҲͬˮһ㣬ī
ҲǶƴ˼Ϊ˭֪һ׷ĴħعôϹ壬١
ʲôͳ֮ĲƸڴʱ˿̣ѾҪˣ
һѵĻᣡ
ɱѽϹļйŽֱնһĽնգݺݵųīնȥ
ʱ򣬳īǰ˲һǿķǳīĵɵķ
飡
¡¡
һ죬ǵը
ֱ춯ء
·ƬأҪױһ㡣
ī壬ָҡ˼£·ʱпܵ¡
ˣ
īħѾֲסˣ
ɱǽдͨʷ
ɱǾӢۣ
ˣ۾ȫˣˣҲȫˣȫҪΪǸӢۡ
һ̣ϹʿǣǰδеĻ
Ϊǿϣ
ԭģսһ
ԭ׷ħ޵еģԭҲˣҲѪҲῴȥʱܵ£
һļϹʿʱѾ忪˳īǵֱӳ嵽īֻмĵطһͨ˲ʩչûа㱣кµĺ
ޱͣ
īֱ̧һȭӲϹʿһȻӻһΣٴһ˿Ѫ
Ϲʿ۵һһѪȻˣ󵹷ɳʮȴ˷ޱȵĴһˣһ˳īħˣ
ɱѽ
ļϹʿȫ
ʱ򣬳īͷУѾγһ޴УУȫɾɡ
ʵ
īĵУѾǸߵֵز
ļϹʿһľȫӿ˹Ľࡣţħ϶ڽӡ
޵еļӿ
ָоֱ̫죬̫ʹˣ
¡¡
īͻȻ̧֣ɨһ
һն̫ͻȻǶҲޱȵĵꡣâ֮У̺ŵ޾ɱƬ졭úͮͮġͬһϼͬȾһѪɫ
̫аˣ
ֲ̫ˣ
ôʿѹ֮£īȻܹն޿ֲһ
мʮϹ澳ʿһӸ֮ն䡣
һЩѾʧȥǵĵԪ񡭡һ֮£ֱӱնޣ
šϹļҲһ£ûţһ˿ڡǿֲɱڲϵķƻĵС
Ϲļֱ´ĵҩȻ˵ľ˲ή˺ܶࡣǿţû¶Ƿϡŭī㵹ʩҪͨɱ㣬졭
û˵꣬Ǳһ貶ĿѪɫ⣬ն˲佫ʣµĻȫ˻ȥ
ͬʱϹļЩǿķڳīһ֮£׷ױˡȫûһ
̣쵽޷ӦȻȺ澳ʿҲȫķӦϹļֻĿţ⵶Ѫɫ⣬ʱǰȻʱʧ
ҡôоЩ䣿Ϲļ˵һ䡣Ȼ鲻Խģһ¡
ĺ䣬·һ衭ĺһը

ˡ
ȼ
ϹļͻȻ䴫һȺʿ˻
ȴЩԾҲǻúõվأôˣ
ʱһ̣Ǳˡ
ļϹ嶥ʿȫУռǰҵÿһ䣬ԳīĹ
ЩȫͣУЩϹʿȫ죬졣
ϹļվԭأδʶļٶȺͷӦȫѾȴǰ
ʱһָֻ
Ϲļֱߵ¡
һΪ룡
ԪоʱʵѾˣ
ʣµЩ֪Ԫǰܵһˡ
Ӱһ
ʵѾˣ
ɱ
ɱħ
Ϊ𰡣
ЩϹļȫˡΪѾˡ
īʱȻƺأѾؼ䣬յĺǳ֮ڸٵĻָС
ָֻٶȣ˵澳ʿһ̫Ϲ棬ҲĪġ
ϹĶʿʱȫѾ嵽˳īǰǵϣ޾ʹޡ
īۿȺˣϣκζı飬ֻ޾ı䡣
ȻѡôҪ׼
īе߱죬һӱޱȾ޴
Ƭؼ䣬·𶼾ֻʣһѵ
ţ߱쿪ʼĺնÿǰһһϹĸ߼ʿѵ¡
ϡ¡ǰҡû˭ܵסѵ
ǵķΧ̫ˣķ̶ȣҲ̫ˡ
ǳīɱӽɱ
ͬʱҲ߱ĵ
ɱ¾ġ
ɨٺɨ
УīƣҲ⣬һսҲջࡣ
Ҳֻ֮ս˵սѸٵĳɳ
īͲܹˣˣһֱսܲɷ֡
ԣֲֿ֮սīģԶȱ˿Ҫƽö࣡
ϹĶ澳ʿڲһʱѾ֮һ
·ЩսļϹӵܣһɫȫʮֲ԰סǴӸտʼľīˣԼ˳ֵϣٵۿųīҡҡ׹˷ܡȻ󣬺ܿģǾȫֻصˡľ
׷ħ·ǲģ
ѾôصˣΪʲôôǿս
ѵ׷ħûܹס
ʱ޾ңԶգȻ䴫һĴ֮īҪ񡭡ն㣡


1693 һù
䣡
һ޽ĴϢȻųīϯ
һϯģ·Ƭ죡
ȫһȻĿǸ˵ʲôˣȻܽնֱӾϢơһ̫ϼĹ氡
ǣͨ磬жٸ̫Ϲ棬Գī𹥻ģ
ˣӦЩ֪ʮ̫֮Ϲ棡
뵽⣬ϹеȺʿһӳϣǾãԼоˣ
Ϊʮ֮Щ̫Ϲ棬ǿԳīֵģ
˳ˣ
̫ˣ
ȺϹĿʿǣȫ֪֮ǰǳ̫ϹҲǰгֵģٵʱַӡһأԣ˹е֮⣬û֪Ѿˣ
֪ˣ˵ȫϢɢȥ֪ˡࡣ
˵ȺٶļϹʿǣǾͲ֪ʲô֪
̫Ϲ棬ͬҲ֪
Ϲ塢ϹͳϹ干ͬʣķѾİ֡ұ̫Ϲ棬Ϲһ̫Ϲ棬һͬꡣ۱֣ӦǳϹ̫Ϲʦ֣
ԣǣ֮£ջ¡̲סˣ
ʵϣѾڼϹǼ̫Ϲ滹ûٵʱѾˡ൱ޱңԶ͵͵Ĺ۲š
ϹĹ棬Է⾳磬īսʱ򣬹ŵзǳĸ̫Ϲֱ̣̫ˣ
ȻսУ̫޼ӣûгָԤ
Ȼ󣬳īһˣһģһսĿν쳣ࡣ󣬳īȻɹնȥϹĹͷ­ԼҲˡۿžͲˣ
Ȼûг֣
Ȼڵȣ
̫ţī׾ٵľ;ƿݡ
ܶѳīɨͨУ̫޼ӵһѵһ뿪ڵİѵͻ֮ءô롣
ʵܾīһ澳۷ʿȻӵܹն̫ϹȻӸ̫޼ڱ٣Ҳ൱ǿģ
ԣȻ˺ܾá
һֱȵϹ弸ȫ֣Ҫɱīʱû
Ϊȷһ£ҪīǲĲˣ
īȻڴɱķ
Щ澳ʿǰûκεķ
Сӣһصصɱ䣬ûжʿֹܹ̫ϾʿһһûڵİīҲδػ䵽·磡
ó۵Ĺţзǳ𾪣Ѿܸ߿īˡȴû뵽ȻЩ͹׷ʵ
ǣȡ
һֱȵīųУǵصɱЩľȴ֪Ļᡭˣ
īѾûκλˣ
ԣֱӳûκμ©Ĳ˼෴ϣɢȻȫһģ
ɣϹߵˣûκηУ൱ã
̫ϾĹ棬Ӧ
ʿŽأ
īĩյˣŴȣ˵ľһ̣һ״̬
˷ܣ˷ܵЩʧȥǣ˵ӦóݵλΪϡû취ڳīϵ̫Ϲʵ̫ˣ
ܰѳīնˣôȫ¡ˣסŵ֣
ڻ᲻ǨŭŸȥ顣ŲģΪڣӦֻѹһŵͨѣ
Լʮ֮ˣڿ϶ᣡ
ӷ𣡡
һţֱڹŵľʶУͬӴһı죡
ۣ
۵һ͵һѪ
һ㶼ŵ˵һˣ
˶ˣ
ȫţҲš
Ϊʲô
ΪʲôӣȻ֣
ҡ
Ÿո˵һ֣Ϳһޣĵ⣬ֱӳббն
ҪӦҪҪ
Դһ˲䣬Ѿ۵ǲʱпܻᱬ
ƺһ̡Դͻһõһ

ŷһޱȲʵŭ
壬Ȼббġ룡
ϹǱߣˣȫóɵˣ
Ϊһ˲䣬īϱƣһδˣһĿֲܣ
ǹƣͽϹ澳ʿôӸ֮ϣֱӵȥ
űīһ͸룬Ȼţīһȥ
꣡
ŵԴֱӾͱ
ԪҲûκѳΪʶУȻڲϵĻصǾš
ӷ𣡡
ӷ𣡡
صֹ
ŵһ˫ۣɵϴĿѣȫֽܽ
ġʲô
ΪʲôӻͻȻ֣Ϊʲô˵ڣʮ̫֮Ϲ涯ѵһı
һһı
ҲڰʮˡԼҪˣҪǸһ̲סƿڴ
ûܴȥΪͷ­ֱӱīһ⣬ӽ˲ȥ
ǳͰ׺ܶ顣ȻϹ棬ӦҲĵĸһġ
ʱ򣬳īعͷ俴ȺϹ澳ʿ
ΪصĺܺãΪһ̫ϾĹ棬ھ޾ңԶ£ϵȫϢȷǺܲױֵġ
īв
֮ܵͨ󣬲ȥѾûйȥǰˡĵȼ̫ߣжܸӦ֮ǰǸȹŮӵľ磬ȫ𲻳
̫硭ûġ
ԣڹŰйעʱ򣬳īѾӵ˲ʾһǿߡڰп
īһӾˣȻ飬ҲȫġͲẦʲô
ģУֲֿĻָȴԶʿܱȵġԣžܹ۲˺ܳʱ䣬һʧ֮󣬲ŶԳī֡ʵϣһʼѾȦס
ϹȺ澳ʿҲȫɵˡĿɿڴĿųī̫ϹѾˣҲѾˣϹݵλߵģֻʣһϵĳϡ
ӲͷƤųī˵ٺ٣ӣ˫䣬ûκδڣ࿹⡣ǼϹ塭Ͷˡ
ˢ
һ⣬ϵͷ­Ӧ䡣


1694 ʮһ
һҲ׵Ĵһɱ¾ĺŽǡīˣȫûκͣҲûһԥֱӶȺϹ澳ʿչ׷ɱ
ˣ
ͷ˲ϢмϹʿͷ
֪һΣ׵ˡ
һ㡣֮ǰֻᣬҲǧѷİ
Ҫܹɱ˳īħʵʵĺô㹻ǴӽʲôţϴԴ
ϧˣ
̫źˣ
ЩϹ澳ʿѾʧȥȫĶ־ȻҲڵֿȻҲƴƣ񣬶Ѿ׵ıīûˣ
ɱ
ɱϹ¡
ڿԹޣԹǼЩ߲㣬ΪʲôһֽʽȴƫƫġҪȥɱīŭɱ
ϸЩʿһûʣīɱ˸ɸɾ
ʱ򣬳īſһЩˣȻʲôҲû˵ֱ뿪ˡ
Ѿ׼õȴȺϹӵȫɵˣǼֱţ׷ħѾˡ
һ֪ĴڵһֱܾúܾԺ󣬶ûκζѽٵͷȺ˲ڷ֣ԭ׷ħѾˣ
ٺĽٺȫɵɵվǲ֪Ǹʹ޳īһѪսֱӽϹӶͨ򵽶ӦøмīĲɱ֮
ˣһֱڣȻ˲š
Ӧ˰ɣȻĻôöûжĥǰɣ
ǰҲãħӦѾ뿪ˣ
Ѿ֪ˣɱڣ˱ʾɡ
ʲôܣ˲ʵ
ʮ̫֮Ϲ棬֣Ȼٰѵ̫Ϲ棬ɱħڳֵһ˲䣬ֱӱǸʱ򣬴ħûжֺòã澳ʿ÷ֱ˵˳
˿Ц˵ʲôܣ£Ǵȥ˵ͨ磬һ澳ʿҶħˡԴħ˵ô
ǰûʮ̫֮ϹţֻȫĹ塣˿ɬ˵
£ҪҪ˵ȥʵ
һּϹĳ໥һۣȻһҡͷɵѽ˵ȥΪʲôҪ˵Ϲ壬һ̫Ϲ涼ûˡ˵ȥʮ̫֮Ϲ潫Σ˭ȥҴħǲȽͨƽȴħɱ˻ؼˡô죿Щ̫Ϲļ壬Źֺû𣿡
һЩҪϢݳȥˣȫɵˣҲô¡
ڣڣ£ϸܣ˭ҪǸ˵ȥ˭Ϲͽʱ򣬲Ҫ壬Ҫܼҷ׽ˣ˭ҲãмϹĳֱˡ
ԣڣڣ
ܿģϹߣֱӴһ¡

ī˿̣ѾԶ˼ϹĽŸԶȥ
Ҫһطˡ
ʵõĵطǻصǱߣȫġīȻҪĥԼ֪Щ塣ҪԵĵˣֻܸǿ
ֻͨʼմڸ߶Ƚŵսľ磬̵ʱڣ
Ҫ̤̫ǸҪΪǿĴڣ
ֻиǿģȥеս
ϹȻ˷ǱϹ塢ϹͳϹ壬˿ȴѾ֪˹ٵ飡
Ϊڹŵϣһ׷ٵķҲǾŵͷġ
Ǽһ١ԶϢ̫Ϲ֪
ԣһ˲䣬Ϲ塢ϹͳϹʮһ̫Ϲ棬Ѿȫ֪ˣ
ǵķ˿ȫۼһȫġ
ӡȻʮ֮Ҳˣ
֮ǰХѲǴݳϢ˵ڣʮ̫֮Ϲ涯ô
ȻһϢߣڵʱϢġͱɼٵˡ
˼˵īڣһ֣
ǾأҾġȻĻû취¡ХѣҸյСˡ˵־磬ӦöѣҪô
ǰǵ£Ӧô죿ѵ𣿡̫Ϲһ߿ҲףΪʲôڣҪ֣ҪǣԪǰͶˡҡõĻᡣΪʲôڣ
飬ҲûʲôġЩ̫Ϲ棬ͨ˵Ѿһĸˡ̾Ϣ
ѵͲǸ־磬Դ󡭡Զʤǣ˷ǳŭ
ôأǼˡȻ̫ϾʿվǿĴڡ
ûиӦ֮ǰ̫Ϲ棬ƺԽˡҪҪҲô顣
飬ֱӾͱˡ
Ϊȫ֪ڣǾһٶķôˡôֻ㣡
ҲܾɣһϹ̫Ϲҧˣʮһ棬ҲѧǼϹ棬ֱӽľӡ澳۷壬ʮһһҲţͦȥ
⵹Ǹ취ڣȻ֡ѵ컹ڣҪųīֳȥǣͬҲڱһϹĹЩɬ˵
ܱȵǿҵ͹
Ҳǣ
Ҳǣ
¾ôˣ
һȺƷ˵̫Ϲ棬ֱ
йıȫڵһʱ䣬˾ϹϹĽϣҪųīҪīһս
УϹ塢ϹϹ壬ȫһޱӢľǸԽ֮Ƹȥ˾Ӣˣһٱ֤᷸Ϲִ
ī֮ǰȻûڼϹĽϴɱ䣬վǼϹ˻Լǰ͵Ƿ˳īһ޴˵ʲôʱ׷ħһˣȥɱһϹ϶п˵
ͨ磬ܡ
ҵսڳʮĻٶȣҲΪ֮
ŶĹ
ˡϹˡԪȻû𣬵ҲǰˡϹҲΪ壬ճīн·ߣһùģϾϹ壬ȻϹ塢Ϲ塣
û̫ϹѹЩ壬϶ò˶ãͻپ޴ѡ
ͨУʮ̫֮Ϲ棬ʵ١ֻûʮаˡ
һ˵һЩ͹У඼һ̫Ϲ
Щ̫Ϲٻʮ
ЩڣڲԶĽ϶ΪʮجΡǸʱһȳīħӵѲ
ԣͨеգǳĽš
ʱƣʮ֮Щ̫Ϲ棬Ҳȫһʲô
ХˣǳͰʧȻšҲʧˡ֪ټȻ࣬ҲûС
ԣѾʼв²⣬һ
ʮ̫֮ϹԳīħ֣ʮа˾ţҲ٣


1695 ˳嶯
²⣬ܿͨȻһЩϢӼϹ塢Ϲ塢Ϲ塢ϹЩд
Ϲ塢ϹͳϹ干̫ͬϹ棬ʧˣȷ֤ݱʧܵĺܳף
ϢǴϹȴġţϹͳϹУҲ˷
ҹϹ塢ϹϹһһ̫Ϲ棬Ƿֱǳ桢棬ڹĴϡǾͶʧˡٽţīħͳ˹Ľϣƴ̫Ϲ档Ȼһ·ɱ˼ϹǱߡǳͰǵ³Ͳö֪ˡ
ϢǴӹڲġ
ϹϹԼҹϹУҲƵ
Щ飬ƾܿסġЩˣҪֶһЩˣòȥЩ̫Ϲ档ÿ˿ĽǶȶǲһġԣֱʮ֮ˣ̲ס
ǶʮЩ߲̫ˣֱˣ
飬һʼӦ˵˵Ǳ˾ô
ʮ̫֮ϹǣҲȫ˺ôһͬʱҲȫ뵽һ⡣ǾǣΪʲôҪʮջΪʲôܵųī״ʮ֮վ©
ǵģȫԵȰ
Ϣ֮󣬾ʮ֮ˣ˸ָķУʮնģ¶ͬʱҲʮ֮Щ̫Ϲǣδѡ
ֻҪǲ֣δһǵ£
ʮ壬սΪʷ
ͨ꣬Ҳսʱ䳤еһ΢С˻󣬱ߣҲӰӣ
ǵ³
ˣΪܿͿԳΪµߵʮ̫֮Ϲǡʲôɳأ
ȷϢǣ棬Ȼ󣬸ϢһĴͨÿһ䡣󣬾ͨЩʿѾ֪ЩϢ
ʮ֮Щˣʼһһĸҵ֮ս
һ£Ϊͨ磬ܿǵˣǲԼĽ򣬱ƻ̫ءͬʱҲҪȥϾҪˡܲһθжûаɣ
ʱ򣬾ľӢˣâǸˡ
ӢûзκӵǸī֮䣬ߡʱЩĵʮ̫֮Ϲǣܾúÿһͻᷢ֡
īʮ̫Ϲ棬ǼƣҪʮ̫Ϲ棬ȫ̳Ӣ飬ȴרĸҵսϵĥ¾ŵսϵԼʮһһ˥䡣Ӣ˵ʵȴڷһš
Ǻܵ͵ÿһӢ˵ĸ߲㣬൱͵ϣܹ׵ǡ
£Ӣ˿ȥȻʵϣǵĵ̺ʵѾ׳һĵز
û̫Ϲ֮⣬ľӢˣǴӲϣϣѾһȻκһ壬̫ĻھӢǰᱻ˲Ϣѹ޷Ϣ
ǵ͵ַɢһвûС
ϳƶĹ򣬿֮£ͨܿһЩϢ
Ӣ˲ʮЩ޼ҿɹӵܵıֱһɢµ֯ʵһвûУһ̫Ϲ棬׾ٵѹǣ
Ӣ˲£ǾһȺŪûʲô̡ǲֶܴʲôʲôͨ磬Ψ̫Ϲף
Ҫ̧߾Ӣˣ㿴ˣһ̫Ϲ涼ûСȫõǣҪϡ
˵壿ǸˣǹȥϵǰȥͶһ澳ĿˡӣīǸīħôģѵ治𣿱˵ˣҶЦˡʲôīħûڰʲôħգۼ͵ñûȥҪһѷɫʮǳ˵
ˣھ;ӢӰвͬʱҲ˳ŰһѳīĨڣʵϣȴڰīҲڰʾͨ磬ЩǣǿԶǿжҪٵȴͨ硭ǵˣ
Ѿкü壬ڰϵ״̬˶ܶЩɵīûȥ֮⡣Ϲ塢塢ϹĽϣѾʼЩʿӰ
Ѿ̽׶ˣѾ뵽ֵĽ׶Σ
һҵ֮ȫսͨڲֽһĿֲս
һеķ׷ţīûһϵ
īڼϹĽУѰһط˴Լһʱ䡣ϵƻָ߰˰ˡȻʼзˮͨ
뵽ôǰ֮Ϲ塢ϹͳϹǱߣܻ֮ǰ⼸һ̫ϹĵȻٸս˵̫Ϲ棬Ѿˡ
Ļӳ֣ԼҪ׾ɱǣҲûôסҪѧϹǼһԷΪʮһսһˡͬܡ
ԣīҪһ
˳ī־磬ٶ÷ˮͨѾǰȫͬˡ
ĸ֣֮ȥҪ̫̫߳ࡣֲͬ۽ȻҲͬؽǲͬ
ԣīֻ΢÷ˮͨһ͵óһֹ̫۵Ľ
Ǳʮһ̫Ϲ棬ȷǾһ
ȥڵȴĵء
ڳīݵͬʱǱʮһ̫Ϲ棬ҲиӦͬʱſ˫ۣȻϹߡ
ΪѾ漰ǣԣȫС
𣿡һϹĹʵ
ģһϹĹ浭˵̫ᡣ
ȫͷ
ᣬζžʢѪҲʢܲüսӲҲҪϳ塣
ˣ
īȻᣬнī䣬ֱˣ
ǵģһһϹ̫Ϲ浭һЦ˵ȻͬգѾȲģҪɱˡ
ҲǡһϹĹ˵
ʮһ̫ϹֵǣȻѾӦϵĲˣȴûеī
īˡ
˳嶯
ƨ
īǴ˽ֵطһ·߳ģ
䷲Ԫ̣ܶ඼ֻж̶̵ļʮ꣬ǵǻۣЩ˼ǧ꣬ʮǣȴûٵȥ
ݣԣǵ˼룬Ҫḻ
ֵط߳ĳīʮʱ򣬾Ѿûô嶯ˡ


1696 
һȺ̫ϾĹ棬ĵţɵһųīүĵϧǣǵõīүϢʱѾǼ֮ˡ
ҹϹ塣
һصĹ壬Ȼʮ嵱УҲһֱ൱͵硣
ǵһ
ҹڰ
ҹϹӵܣһ˵ٻߡ
ͨ磬˽ٵһ壬ҹϹˡ
ҹϹ̫Ϲ棬ȫǻ޾µϼһǷǳƻ
ڹ̫ϹʱҹϹ̫Ϲ棬Ѿ֪ǵˣܻıˡΪаǰǸԳīŹǡ
ǲ
ҹϹȻܵ͵ʵϣǸʮ岢ûʲô֮ͬ
͵ֻǵ磬˼
ԣҹϹ̫Ϲ棬һ⡣
ֱӶȥ˲׹ųǡ
īӵ͹űϢʱ˶Щû뵽̫Ϲ棬ȻȥӢˣȻűͳһ·
䣬ʲôⶼа
īȫû뵽Щͨ޾µĹ棬Ȼ˵Ĳݣ棬϶ˣ
֪Щ˵ô͹ű¹ͷģ
ʵϣ͵ĹУڰǰԳֵʱֻȥ̫Ϲ棬̫Ϲ棬ճī͵ϼصݣҲûرֵɱ¾
Ȼɱ¾еġ
ԼмǣҹϹ̫ϹС
ϣͻ˵ҹϹ̫Ϲ棬ʮЩ̫Ϲ棬Ƿǳʴȵˣ
ʴô
ͬɱ˳顣
κ飬ֻҪ˶Աȣͻࡣ
ͬѪȣȴҪָ˭ȡ٣õġ
ͿôīȻϿɡֱӴűҪҹϹǰɱĹԼԲ׷ȴھӢУʵʵ֣
ǵģǴ֣
Ҫȥݵλ߸ϵģ˳Ϊ棬ͨߣ붼롣Ѿˡ
īϢܿõ˷
Ǳ߾Ȼͬˣ
ɱҹϹ棬ֱӸϻĵһ£Ǹī򡣶Ǹл
лīŹ棬лī
ȻҹϹ̫Ϲ棬ûóīֱ֣˶ϣĨ˲ӣһлˣ
ǳī򵽽죬һ¶ûֹ
óҹϹ̫Ϲ棬ڶû˰취֮Ҳ˶Ե¼֮ġͬʱ˶ϣĺôǿԲȥԪ񱻳ʹࡣ
Ҷʹһ㣡
ûʲôĵģ֮ǰǿܻóī̫ãõ̫޼ӵ֧֡ڣӾӢ˹֮Ѿôˡ
ǾӢ˵Ĺűīʱֱһݵı飡
֮䡭Ͳʲô򵥵
УҲ˳Ŀǡһ̣Ǿʲôˡ
Ӣ˸֮䣬һң
һīһһԽͨ췭ظټϾӢһֲͨ˭ǵĶ֣Щļ壿ЩΪǵ̫棿ֱһЦ
ԣµˡûоκ˵ȥˣЩϢȫǱܵģûκ֪¡
ԣīϹ彮ϵʱϹ¶ɵˣ
ӦϹ𣿡
ҪôҲӦϹ尡
ҪҲڳϹ尡
ôʲôôư
Ϲ£ȫҪˣֱҪˡ
Ϲ̫Ϲ棬Ҳȫˡ
֮ǰѾϹãʱһһԿī
ҹϹǱϵϣ޾֮һֱûʲôҲûϵ
˭û뵽īʱȻˡ
ȥϵϹ̫Ϲ棬ѾЩˡϹ̫Ϲ棬ֻӲͷƤһԷ⾳磬Ҫѧ֮ǰļϹīһս
һϹ̫Ϲ棬ųī˵˵ĽսǿˣûеӲһս
̫ҪˣѾһľ硣
࣬ˣô˶
ī̲סЦҪҪԸһֻǴ򣿡
ҵĻҲҴӦϹ̫Ϲһ˵

īһŭ׹
߱ȻУ̧־һֱնϹĹ档
һѾڶԷԤϵСϹĹ棬ӦˡԷ˾磬ΪԼ̫ǸأһʱͷӦ
ؼʱ̣һ¿Ȼӣܿ˳īһ
īһͷߡ
У¿ҲմȾһ˿ҳһ̫ϾĴ˵ֱֶ̫аհˡ
꣡
īһֱն̫ϹһֻϡֱӽһֻŸ
̫Ϲ淢һС
ˣ
˲䣬˿ڴһֻȫµĽơ
ī۾΢΢һУԷȻ֮ǿһ̺ɱ̫ϾĴڣһʱᣬҲµ֫塣
ʱ˵ĹҲȫˡ
īˣֱսһ
͵ϣأϹ̫Ϲ棬в뵱Գǳɱ¾ɱ¾УϹ̫Ϲ涼Ѫȣɱ޾ӵܣ
ԣīˣһŹ
սĹУīȴ֣ϹĹ൱ǿᣬǵǿ޷š
֮ǰûնϹЩ̫Ϲ֫壬߱ɱЩ̫Ϲܹµ֫壬ҲҪһʱ䡣Ϲ̫Ϲ档µ֫壬ֻ̼䣡
ңһµ֫壬ֱӾͿͶսȥûκӰ졣
ؼǣǲ̫ĵ
̫Ϲ棬һĺϼ֮
̫Ͼĺϼ֮
⴫ȥֱšīҲǵһμʶֶΡǿƥڸ֮ǰڼϹʱѾ˺ܴȻܿˡҪǻȥϹ֮ǰĸīԼҪ̫޼Ӱܽǡ
ǳڳīкȻ죬߱ĵ֮Уǳ֮
óīɱٶһΡ
īͬʱʩչԺԡ
һʵʩչſѹסϹ̫Ϲ档
ͻȻ䣬һ̫ϹϵϢȻԿ쵽˼ٶȣ⿪ӡȻ󡭡һƳųīѹ
Сܾˣȥɣ
䣡
䣡
䣡
̫Ϲ棬Ҳ䣬ȫ⿪ķӡȫЦţǿĹųīɱ
ˣ
߱췢һ漴ɢ䵽µɱ
̫Ϲ棬Ѿȫʱ䣬Ȼ̫޼һ֣Ҳˣ
ǵһΣ䵽īϣ


1697 
һͲҪԤıɱ֣Ϲ̫Ϲ˵ȫҪǰͨʲôֵһ˲䣬Ѿ׶Է뷨ˣ
ԣĬѰ붼ġƴºӸ̫޼ɱķգҲҪ£
īֲ̫ˣ
ֻһ澳ʿѾӵ˿µսһ뵽̫ôͨ磬λ֮⣬˭Ķ֣
־磬ֻôǳͷ˵ɱ˳ī룬ǳΪͨӢ֮ࡣȻЩʵԺôǵȻҲȥܾ
ģԴЩǿҵĿ־壡
īΣĳɳ
⿪ӡ̫Ϲǿһĵزڴ֮ǰû˼
걻һҹЩˣҲܼ
Ϊˣʲô֪ϡͿˡ
̫Ϲ̫ǿˣ
ǹھһǿҲ˾һǿ
ī壬䣬ķˣ
ּĹȫûκθõķֶΡ
ǿ̫ϹĹ֮£Ǵһľء
īֱӱˣǹɿֲҪ˼Ԫһ˲䡭ǰе߱죬Ȼ䷢һ
·γ֮·Խţ·ӵиһеķ
̫ϹȫһȻ߱һֱӸˣ
Ϲ̫Ϲ˶ˣֱӾͳˣ
ʲô˭ôһһħĻ
ķ飬Ȼ֪µġɲܶôķ顭Ҳǵ˱ģ
īһ澳۷ʿеķˡҲһһʲôʱܹӳֱӵסЩ̫ϾĹ
⡭ֱ޷ܣ
⡭ֻ𾪵ԸӵĿʼ
ţǾͿ˱һĻ˵޵гɣһֱ죬һĻ
īͷ­滹һϰһֱѾˡ°ڸԶĵطƮšķѵġƮƬ
ɾǰѪɫĵһͬʱ
īЩ֫ϱۣȻкܶǣһϵϾۺϹȥ
ҲۣһϹ̫Ϲʵ޷ѹԼľ֮飬̲סһֿڡ
ǶһȺʲôˣ̫Ϲ氡
̫ϹĹ̺ŵĵͷȫΪġƻֱױȵЧ
Ѱˣһ϶ֱӾˣ
īսǿǿҲķѡ
ҪȥҲܣ
Ϊǿޱȵĵͷ᲻ϵƻǲ֫ϱ۵
䣬ͻὫЩ֫ƻһɶһ㶼ʣ£
ڣǿʲô
Ȼ׷꣬һû취ŵķʽ
Ȼ֮ĳīϢȥޱȵʵϣҪϹ̫Ϲ˵Ѿûˣ
ΪǵľʶУѾ̫޼ܵĵŸţ
ңһΣǵõޱźĴ
ǾʶеĵŸţ֮䣬
飡
һϹ̫Ϲͷ­Ȼը
飡
ڶ
飡

飡
һ
Ϲ̫Ϲ棬Ȼ̼䣬
ǵԪͬǵľȫ˲ֳ׵ı
ƬУصһɲҵϢ
̫Ϲ棬
ǷֱȽϳѵشڽֻأǸ˵٣ȴĲˡ
īŲ԰׵ϣ¶һ˿Цû뵽̫Ϲ棬ĵҪɱʲôˡ
Ϲ̫Ϲ޳ܣϾսʹκֶΣ֮еġֻû뵽ԷȻôóȥѡ
Ϊ֮ǰЩ̫Ϲ棬ȻҲնͷ­Ԫ񣬵˵ȴûȥһʼĶλ̫Ϲ涫Ͷ̩Ϲ棬ХЩʵš
ֻǾòҲ̶ðˡ
ϹĹȥܹԸо̫޼ŭˡ
Ƕ
ȻĻӦĽ
һΣīڸоˣԼڣص
ڸոգһ˲䣬ȱûٵģʵص
߱ı
߱졭ѱΪ̹Եľıīûر֣ΪƷǰءԼľ磬߱
Լʲôóīǳ档
ʼķָ
ⳡսʵϷļ죬ʱǳݡҲǰû뵽ġ
ˣϹһƬң˿޺ţޱȻֵ̿ĳԶϹķӴܡ
ϹЩ߲㣬ҲɫҰܵһ̶ȡǺܾҪٳīıˡ
죬ԴϹļԸ壬ȫܹԴȫ
ҪƬҵ𣿡һʵ
ƨӣ֮ͨ𣿡Ϲļ޲һ׳һĳϣǰûôɵôԽԽ˳ˣ
ǼҪһӲͷƤʵ
ɵ𣿰Դ͸īϹļɸֵĿһȺϣȻΪҪʲô
㡭ģһ֮£˵ˡæԸȥȫԴ
㣬ԸȥˣҪǸҲ˽ŪǣһɫĴš
õİ취ī̧֣Źһ֮⣬ûκκð취
īĻָʱеڸ֮ϣƬ֮¡
һεˣǳء˵صܿˡ
̫־ʿÿһ˵ǶԵͷޱȸĴڡǶԷõȫ¯࣡
֮£īһϣǳԿսѾǿһˡĵҲѾ뵽̫Ǹ򣬿ķվ澳۷ķ
һ̫Ͼʿ塣ͬʱֻתͷˡĸģûλæĻܵĻᶼûС
ī̲ס̾Ϣ
̾ϢǱͨЩʿ϶ֱӴ
һ澳ʿɨͨ壬ֱ̫ɱ֣شڣīǿҲӹɵģѾûκ˸һ㡣
ңؼģī޵Ŷ갡
ģ·ʱȥ㣬Ҳǧ꣡
ôѾֲˣԼĻôЩʿľ͵ȥĨɱˡ
ī˹ָϹǱƴռƸԴ
ǶԻɱī£ˣ
ǸͲ飬ֻҪܰѳīˣܱסϹĸ˸ˡǾʤ


1698 Ϲ峼
һΣʱȥ
īӰϹصϿʱϹһ̣һϢûеģƢСӣƺӦһɱգʱֹͣ˿
īħѾ̶ֳȡҪͷѾӤֹˡ
Ϲļһصı飬һսսķϸ졣ӲͷƤġΪʵû취ĻϹ壬ûһ˸ħ
ӡϹļһΪҲ澳۷Ρ䣬ҲѾʮԪǾǰ帲һˡӱ㣬ϱˡ
˿ڳīǰȴȫûκδģ˵Щһƺϰ졣󣬻Ǿһӡ
Ͼ˫ӵƺţǵһ˵ĿУǺӰġ
ôУҲǺġҪһͺ࣬һүʲôģԺϹҲû취̧ͷˡ
īĿϹļϣޱϲκζ
ԴϹĵӡԴһСĵĿųī´ӳīϣκβԸı顣
Ϊ帲һˣ̫Լ̫ϹڳУݵʲôɫˡ
飿īûзϻֱӿѯʡ
ڵȻأҪͬʱҲҪԴϵЩ붯Щ׼Щġ
ǡԴһɬĵϹ壬˶Բ飬һֱѣҲܹԭ£ܷϹЩӵһӻûĻҸԸԾڹǰֻ󡭡
ˡīЩͷİڰ֣ɱǣȤ󡣰ѶԻȥˡ
ԴЩĿųīû뵽¾Ȼסģǲǳֻˣ̫Ҫõֽҳ˻þ
ī΢΢üôׯĪ׼ģ
ǣǣԴһݣֱӴһ飬Ȼæȡһɫơ˵һ磬װܹеĲƸԴͬʱƣҲϹļƾ£ӣ
⹦ܣ
īЩĿԴĵҼһˡ
ԴҲΣܵĻôܽϹ徫ƽȥɳȫ벻ʲôܹλӵġ
˼ֻҪһͷϹ壬Ҫҷ𣿵ʱ˭ܻ
ԣڵĸԼ·עһˣ
īֻҪƣô͵ϹСܡϹѾû̫ϹֽռĲƸԴ͸˳īȻ̻ڣһ̫Ϲļ壬ʱ򣬶ܴϹҧһ⡣
Ϲ廹϶ǸŭԵģ
Ҳûĸʮ֮ļ壬Ϲһ£ȻĻͬܡ
Ϲ壬͸īˣ
ʱ˭ϹռˣֻҪһ仰ܽԷˣ
Ϲ壬Ѿձˣ
ô˵Ϲԭǳĸӹ壬ֻ˰·񡭡ֻصˣ
ţԣô˵ô˵˵
īԴ˼Ȼδȫ˽⣬Ҳ˸˾Ųʮ
ЦЦȻͷãǾ
ӹöƣīֱתˡ
Դվаٸнޱȸӡص壬Ϣȥһ̡û뵽ǣϹ¡ȻһƬڣ
ԴԼò˼飡
УǸոʧȥ̫Ϲ棡
УǸոմͨĶ壬䵽ˣ
Уλӣǵĳ˰һеĸԴȻҲᳫǱѩޣǣĺ
ʱһԴĸϣԴ˵ˣʵ˶ʮ̫Ϲ桭һסڣ˾ҪѪϴʮ̫Ϲ档ӡеһѵͬʱǳĵճӵܣָ߹ݣȻͿ˸ߡȻ̫Ϲע˶ҪôܳΪĸӹԺùʲô塢Ϲ塢Ϲ͹Щ尡
һԴȻҲֻһпһ仰˵
ϹȫһʼһƬڵľϹԱ߽ϵĺϹ壬վҪ̫ˡ
Ϲ壬񶼱һɱš
Ϲ壬ͬҲ̫Ͼ档
иƨã
ͨʮ壬һʮ̫Ͼڡۿһһ䣬١
ھǺܶͨݵλܵ͵ʿҲܿ÷ţдڲʮԻȥˡ
ʮѾ̫꣬ǿʢ̫꣬ͨ磬ǵ֮⣬Ѿûκˡ
ǵУõĽǵУõԴǵУõ˲šͬǵС֮£ͨ磬ʮ֮Щ塢ɺ֯Ե̫̫ˡ
һȣʮӵܶΪԼļ壬ԶԻͶʢȥ
ʮ֦ͬһӦ
˭ƣ
߳ˣӵƵĵӵĵ
ͨ磬ĴΪ
ʮ˥ܣѾʱ⡣䡭ܿܿ졣
Ǹڷؽĳ壬ٶֻԻ͡κˣ޷ֹһ£
ͨ˶ܷ飬Щ᲻
Ǳ˭ö
֮ǰ˵Ϲ彫ȫԴͲƸ͵˳ӵϣȻ󣬽ƶ˼ˡϹߣһ궯
̫ڳĬ߲ԥˡ궯
ϹȷѡΪʲôǾͲܣ
ǺϹ壬ڰǰҲһֱǳĸӹ壬˰·ˣΪʲôܻصҵĻأ
飬ҪڳеȻǸ߸ϵڣĿЩȥ𣿡
ΪīħǸʲôˣЩȥǣ궼ڿŭô
Ϲܻع飬ͬҲܣ
ѹֵĺϹ壬ÿһǣ۴С漸
ͬʱдļӵܣʱ뿪壬Զ߸߷ɡ
˳壬ҲϧˡȥһúõĻء
ڣ־޴ѹ֮£Ϲ̫棬ֱվ
īŹǼ壡
īԭûдһʱϹߣϹߣȻˡ
¡¡Ĵֻ֮ҪͶ
ԣīˡ


1699 ĩ·
Ϲ̫Ϲ棬ȫܿóīǺ֡ǵУһ˵澳۷ʿֱ̫ˡҪ̫ȥ۲졣
ô
Ѿ֪Ϲ̫Ϲĸǳīһ·򵽽죬ΨһֱӵĹ棡
Դ飬飬Ԫ顭һֱӳʧˣ
̫޼ӶԳī̻ѾһֱӴӱߵǰ̨ĵز
Ѿʲôƫ̻ˣһİ
ԣ֪īǳϹ̫Ϲ棬ӲԳīֵ˼
Ȼֵ˵Ҳûпµ̶ֳȡ
ԣϹ̫Ϲ棬ڼī֮ϹȫԴƸԼ˽˲Ƹһ͸˳ī
ȻһΪ׵ĺϹ̫Ϲ濴ųī˵꣬ԼǼԳ֡ʱ򣬳㡭ѾֻȥˡΪԼ𣬵ڵʱǵȷԥġô˵壬ȺУһиĵطλǡҲӵ˽ĳɾ͡վûеס̰ĵջգǷ޿ԭµĴ˵ﻰ죬ϹȫԴۣϵЩ࡭ҲֻеǴӳȡߵһôࡣˡµ򣬽дһҲѭ
īĬţϹ̫ϹƺڵĻ뷢κ
ĳѾûˣѾˡڤڤУԼóٶȻصطһҪģʲôؽ֣ûаϵ
ҺޣҪˣҲΪˡ
Ϲ̫Ϲ浽Ҳɴ࣬ûڳīǰΪˣ˵֮ⷬ󣬾ֱѡ˻
ǼȻѾȻóīǵԴûȥһӢֻǱһϰˡųīҲ
īûۿ̫Ϲ滯鳾ǵһУؼ䡣ҲԺϹĽ˾޴Ĺס
ľһ˲䣬ѾŨԸӵĵزȻīûпȥգҲдľӿ뵽С
·ĺϹУǰһƬ
ˣһ̣ȫ£ȫ̲סˡ
Ѿ֪ˣ
ϹͺϹĶҲܿ촫ͨ硣
ˣȫĬˣ
һΣʣµЩ壬Ҳȫһĳš
Ϲ塢Ϲ塢Ϲ塭еʮһλ̫Ϲ棬ȴųīȴ룬īûȥǱߡǣһϢ
ҲĬˣΪѾ֪Ϲ̫Ϲˣ

̫޼ֱӸˣ
˵ʲôҪκǽһҲ֪
һϹĹһʵ˵ΪʲôѽΪʲôһֽǵ𣿵ΪʲôֹΪʲôҪȵŶ֣
ʲôû塭ӦñǲӦôˡһϹĹЦǣӡӣĺ˵һĴڣȻλ˿ء
˵Ϲˡһ㣬ϹǱҲ֤ʵ˵īϵϢú΢ȴû˸ҳ֡һϹ̫ϹЦһˣȴʮ峹ױƿˣֱһЦ
λеĵ
ҵǲôλϹ̫Ϲ˵֪Ƕ֮ͨ飬˽٣
ʲô˽⣿ô񣬸ܴġ֮ͨ⣬϶иǿڣӹɵġǸǿĴڣжǿҲһ⡣û֮ǰ̫Ϲ棬һأ
ЩͨĻܣȺ̫ϹУʵʲô
ֻ޷뿪磬Ҳûа취̤뵽߲εȥ
Щͷⲻ˾ⲻˣϣԶһ࣬ҲԶû취뵽еһⲻ˵жǻۣܽ⡣
ܶණȻܿҲ뵽
ô죿һϹ̫Ϲ棬Ѿû֮ǰ緢ҲûѪһսѵĺ顣
̫޼Ҫ޷ܡ
ڣһֱΪֻǱǿ󣬵磬ӦͬһġѾܹ֤Ǵˡǵľ磬ѾԶԶǵľ磬ܡǴ˵еĴ澳硣
ǣȴʼͨĶӲ£Ҳκǵ顣ȴԥĳָԤˡ棬⡣
Ȼ⣬ܴһɣͨ磬Ѿڲ̫ˡ
Ⱥ̫Ϲ棬ֲ²֮һ𾪣Ȼģȴòƶϡ
Щ˵ɲǺҲ²⣬ÿһ仰ǾǿĴԾεļܵĳĽ
ԣʮһ棬
Ϲһ˵꣬ʹʹ˳壬ʱǣҲֻǱӦˡ
Ǿ͡ԾɡһϹ̫Ϲ˵ǾԲ뱻īԴ棬ҹԪ񡣡
ҲԸ
ͬԸ⡣
Ծˡ
ֶҪ
ʮһ̫ϾĹ棬ȫ㲻κܻȥɡ
ǣֱһ
ǸԴѶļȻ󣬾彮ѡͬʱ
һ죬ͨ𶯣
ΪǺƥľ壬ͬ޾ңԶĵطǹȥ
һ죬֪жٿڹؼڵϵʿ׷ͻƣ
ܶѾͻʿȫֱͻˣ
û˷ܣûףʲôǶ֪ͻζ
ļ׷̣ǰķǱߡǴŵģеԴͲƸ֮⣬иԼļơ
ЩԴӳӶߵģԭԭǳĸӹ塣񡭡Ҳֻع鵽ǰ״̬
ЩϢӦӲϾĳÿһͨʿ顣
ȫ𺳵ü˵һ仰
Ϊ֮ǰ˭벻һֽ
£ЩУ̫ϹҲȫһӱðȫûǰһʱִļˡ
īȻǲ£̫޼Ӱ
ڣͨ˵𲻿˼
ȻЩзǳʣԭǿЩϣҧѪġڣȴòʵʵĵ͵
ǣͨ磬˺˼һĻ档
ЩҲãЩ֮ļҲãҵ֮սеݱ
ʮ£ͨͷȴ¡ȴġûˣ
ʮ壬Уֻʣ塣
ˮ塢ͲϹ塣
вϹΪߣֵȴĹУ壬Ѿбˣ


1700 ϵ»
ںܾúܾ֮ǰϹЩӵܣѾ޷־޴Ŀ־壬׷ɢˡԭΪ帲֮һˣ
˭û뵽ǾȻӲͦȥȻȻˡǾȻڣ
һҸӵһ顣Ҫʹһ㣬ͷҲһͷҲһûܵ飬ȴôʱ䣡
ھϹ̫Ϲ棬жԳī˾޴Թ
Сⲻڹôȱµ
ȴʲôˡֻŸָϢϴ
ЩϢԽǵڣԽ־ĸо̫޼ӣĳ׳ˡǲڱӻӣǸǺͳһģ
ҵʵϹ£Ϣ
ھϣϹڳϣǾֻ̫Ϲ棬ǶԳֵʱǿǼȷ档ںڣ帲֮ǴӳռıˣҲԶԶġ
ϲϹеһЩ澳漶䣬֪ɱٳѪӵܡ
ǲ๼һˡ
Щ˶ڲ²⣬ī᲻ΪҪڿ־;б
ͬʱϹЩҲ룬ѡЩһԾȻȫԴϡīͻŹ
δأ
ĺ
Ȼ֪īǲȴԼ궼Щʲô
ԣǵ˼Զ̫Ϲ渴̫ࡣ
ˮͺǱߣҲûбȲϹߺö١
ǶͨĴ壬ռžԵ׵λ
һˮͺеӵܣֻһ֧ӵܣ䣬ʮֵλǼߵģ
һ֧ӵܣȥһЩС壬Ҫͬ
ӣܳã硭ھѾûˡ
˵ЩСھ͸ҿˣǺˮеЩӵܣȫѡ˼βˣһ͵Ҫ
ȥһǾֻȥӢˣ
Ѿ̫ˣ³Ӣ˸֮ϵˡ
Ϊʲôʮ׷׵£ɼʮӵɵľӢˣȴԽԽǿԽԽ
Ѿ˿ʼǸմߵ᲻ǳīˣ
ֲ²⣬Ҳ֡
īݣһܡ
棬ڷٻʱֱնԼӦý뵽ҵһʱ䣬Ȼͨҵصѷ죬뵽ͨ硣
Ӣ˵أݣҲˮǱ߱й¶ͬҲģֻǸīǸˣ
Ƕճ
ոս뵽ͨЩ꣬ھӢ˳֮ǰǲߵġ
ģܶ˶֪Ƴɻ
īİ׷ͬܶƳ˻
ŻһԱȣ˶ˡ
Ϊˡʵ̫ˣ
˵ĵ̺Ǻǿġ˵ǳǿġ
εĶҲǳīһīκһ嶼¡µģȻĴڣ
ԣܳͳī֮ԵϵһΧˣҲûӰ쵽ʲô
Ӣ˷Ϊԭں̵ܶʱڣ׳˺ܶ౶
Ϊıܷ۰
뾫Ӣˣάֹӵܵһ˿ϡ٣ǲóΪĸӹӵܡ
ھӢ˵ǳ¡Ǿ͵֪
ҰοǹűɺƳһܰˡôһݵ΢Ůӣѳ־Ӣأ
Ȼǲô棬ֻǲԸš
īӰڳıԵһΣ뿪˺ܶꡣڻˡ
ʱ򣬻ӲϹĽ·ӦϹ̫ϹϢȴûȥǡ
ϣһ̫ϹԴءȰЩԴ˵
Ѿį˺ܶĶͶ̩ԼϹ滹ХЩˣڼ˳īӰǶ緢飬һ֪
˵ͨһЩ𾳽ʿ֪飬˵Ȼ˲õĴš
˼ҹ룬ڵ˳īǶܸˡ
ȿȣҾ͵Ǹ˰ɡīζҪ»ˡ
̲ס٩˳ī䣺ӣθǴЩ飿㲻֪Ⱥ¨ӣѾԸˣ
գһԣЩ֮£Ⱥ˶Ű˸顣֮ǰȫԸĻҵСӣץ塣
ûԸˡΪǱŰ˭Ա˳ŵŰ
̩һ˵һΣôãһִܶʵĻ飬죬Ǽ˭
īĿһ۶̫Ϲ棬ƲƲ죬û˵ֱӿʼˡ
Щ̫ϹԴˣҲĲʲô϶Եġټεе࣬ƫܲ˲ϸһ㣬һȴһɣ
Щ飬īĺܵ
һʼ̩ȫǿ֣ЦǺǵĿųīˣʱĻ졣
ϣĸˣѽô࣡
ףУսôԻֱ̫ͣϹɱְ
ԲۻС
λȫ˵ˣǵɫҲޱϾ
ǵУȫһɲԤУ˵쵰òǽʮ̫Ϲ桭һ˰ɣ
ôôࣿ
һˣͶ̩ԼЩˣȫĿɿڴ
ΪīˣѾ˶ʮ
ˣȫ͡
󣬿ųīʼһͷ­һͷ­Ϲҡ
ⲻǡⲻǳôôҲˣ俴űīȥĵһͷ­һȡ
ǱߵǳһӷŭŶ䣬˵˭̵Ը֣ҲڵĵУôֻʣ澳Ԫ񲨶ˡȻƽͣ
󣬳īͰͷ­Ҳȥ
£Ͷ̩ˣùһǱХǸһ˵ģ
ģǹŵԴ
Ȼʮ̫֮ϹԴ˵һ̣˵Ŀ⣬ȫǱ߱۾ײХϣһ̲סڴ
Х쵰Ӳˣ׮ǽˡҾ¶ҲŹ㣡һŭţȻīҲŹ㣡
ǳ͹š棬ҲһĿ⿴ХǶХʹޣԶī
īޱ飬Ϲͷ­
̫Ϲͷ­ҳһ˲䣬ȫ׳Ĭˡ
ζ벻īȻ˹ֲ˹Ȼ̫Ϲ棬Ҳˣ
̫Ϲ棬ȫĿ
µûʲô˵ˡ


1701 û
ţǼϹ̫ϹԴҲīȥ
Ϲ̫Ϲ棬ǺܹǳŶһЦѣǾˣ
ҲΨǣ˵ΪԷΪ澳۷壬īһսԳīɵ˺൱ֲһǳɹˣȻ󹦿һ񣬵УҲ޺ˡ
Щ˿ŵЩˣȫЩȣΪīĴռ棬Ѿûͷ­ֻʮĸˡ
ˣȴźܶ࣡
ʱ򣬳ī˵Ϲ塢Ϲ塢Ϲ廹кϹʮ̫Ϲ棬Ѿлˡ֮⣬ҹϹ̫Ϲ棬ǵɱˣҲѾѡлǶˡǵĥ
ԲۡǲŴˣԴӾ䵽澳Ȼʧȥϣ֮󣬶̸ֹȥľ޴仯ǰֻǾ˵ġ
Ҳȷ˵ﻰмֱ̫ĽЩлˡ
Ȼµ񣬳īѾĥˣǵԪҲѾҪ׿ݽˡ˰Դϣܷ紵ܣȻ˲ʲôζ˭ܶ
֣ǳ׾׷ðɣ
֮ǰлοܺЩ
ѽ̩һ˵ҹϹ塭̫Ϲ𣿡
ڣѾΪӢ˵һԱˡҾһ棬׷ɱˡī˵
ҲУ̩ǳ鴤ţһ
ˣ̫Ϲ棬ҲȫһĽı顣
飬ȥһȫ׾Ȼ˵ỳɣЩˣͨԪȺ߸ϵĶ
û˹⻷֮ԭԭͨˣҲûʲôֱ
ȻһĻûжܹ
ƬҲУΪصһء
Щ˳ʿҲ
һʱ۾ī˵Щˡȫѡ˶ϣ
Ǳ߼Ϲ棬Ҳȫī
īͷǵģǻ˼ԴƸƣ³˳塣īû˵ΪͲҪ
壬ɲֻһˡţʮĵԽԽѪӵܻعġ
Щ͵͸ǵˡ
мأ俴ųīϹ塢Ϲ塢ˮͺ塭Щѵ㻹ûΪʲôһʰˣ
ȫһĿŶ䣬˵ûҪֻ˼ֵ԰ɣ
ΪʸϵˣȻЩĿ⣬ЩͬĿЩġ顱˵ֹȥֻʩӸ˵ʹ࣬ǺܿͻᵽζޱꡣȹЩ֮ǿ϶Ҳȫһˡ
ûϹĹ棬ʱ򣬲Ҳһô
Ϊˡ俴ЩˡȻһɵԺС
̲סԼԴ⾳䣬Ӷһ׹ˡԺƨ
īûʲô˵Ϲ棬ȫˡԷ⾳磬Ҫһսͷͬʱ忪ӡҪɱҡ
ôţ
Ȼû
šź
㶼û
ôģ
˶ʱһ࣬ʾźܲ˼顣
䣬һźı顣ܹ̹Ȼǲ޳īǱߵ棬涼Ǻܳī޵Ҫ֣
ǺǺǺǡīޱЦ˼ҲûӦĵˣȺˣô뵽ԭġ
ô˵ʣ²Ϲ塢ˮˣ벻ԻͶʢԪʮ壬ҷˡֻذ̩һ̾Ϣ
ʡ䵭˵
ǱߵХ૵ҵȴΪ˴һ񣬷סǲЦֻǱȱ˻䳤һ㣬пﵽĶôһ㣬Ϊ飬ΪƿһСǶһȺ氡
죡жХʹޣȻޱȵǿң˵κλȥĸо
ʵϣѾ׵ıˣ
ڹȥûгһգԼ䵽ز
ΪǳԼŵˣӦһХ˵ȴû뵽ЩˣȫһĬ˼ɫ
ʱ򣬿ī涣ӣ֪ˣԸóȫԴͲƸңȻûЩĲƸ࣬ҵĲƸҲܿɹۣ㣬Ұɡġ֪ˡ
˵ţ棬̫ϾŮޣȻӿ
Щ̫Ϲ棬ȫ¶ӵı顣ԣҲǰǣõĻ
ʲô飬Լκ˵Ķվڳīϣ˵Ǳļ壬Ҫһᣡ
ԣ⻰˵
Хšǳ漸ˣ͸Ӷˡ
Ϊǰǲûв뵽Գ׮ҰֻһΣûоסջԼ֣ý³˵ѾˡХʣµԪֻ澳ˡҪóīһ棬Ը⸶κδۡ
ǣī
滹ڼţȻ¾Զһ㣬ȴǴ֮Ҳ֮ˣǳӲԸһŮΪů
走̫Ҫˣ
⼸ڳЩʿйͬ뷨Ҳ밧īŹȴ˵Ļ
ֱֱǶһ˿ϣ
ʲô壿
˼𣿡ǳŰ棬ɬʵ
ʲô˼ңұǱӽģûһˣҡڳǰҲûռˡΪʲôҪֳͷءҳܵĳͷѾˣѾ֪ˣΪʲôͲܸһĹµĻأ
һˣȫˡ
īʱ̧ͷһ۰棬˵ʱǰڣûжǳ֣ҡధǣǻ𣿻ŹҸ֮䣬ԩ޳ڼ֮ǰû˵ǵ֡ǰһңţȴûκνǻŹ𣿡
ī仰ðֱ˵ģģֻҪңһŹģ
ʵϣһĻ棬ǽīסʱı顢飬˵ֻˡΪ⻰̫Υˣ
ǿ϶ǲŹīģ
ΪֻҪ˳īԴȫԵõλȻЩǶԲںֶԴͬҲҪ
īһ᣺˵ϣû־磬ûġУͲôͷ­ˡ


1702 ͨı仯
ϣûôսϷѺõдޱȲп澺һ
ԣ԰濴ȥİ󣬳īû˿һͷ­Ů̫Ϲġ
޾ľһע뵽Ƭ˶ĴϡѾڶǵĳϣеʿȫӦ˾Ũ̶ȵӡǻȸԾ֪ǵˣ
ǵģīƬϣߣĿе
ˮŮȻ˫һźɫĳȹһŰɫĳȹٸ죬һ߹Ϣ
īЩ˵ԪŮû̫ͣáֱȻȥˡ
Щ꣬ߵ飬Ϊٶģ൱֮졣
е飬ȫǳţΪʲôǲֻܣȴʲô
ԣǰںӺ˵Ĵ֮£ʿѾ뵽˿ҵսȥˡͬʱһʿڳռָԴռĹ
ףҪ½һϵϵתҪʱ䣬ҲҪġ
һУϹܼҵĴ֮£ɵĽš
ϻƹĽϣλǳ֮ߡȻôϣȥЩѪˡ飬ء
īȺ̫ʿͷ­УＸһƬŵġ
ǿҵĿ־壬ÿһˡ֮ǰܻῴñȽϵΪҲûʲô޷Ǿܵˡ浽һ쵽ʱǷףڹȥǶʩӵϵʹ࣬ȻѰ
һʼİ󣬵ֹٵľȵһУױīֻʣ澳Ԫ֮ҲѾľȻˣͷ­֮ϣɢ
˵˼Ѿʧˡ
ܣ
ʣЩˣīһһȥ˭ûзŹ
ʱһΣ͹ȥ˼ʮꡣ
⼸ʮУߣдķǰͶīڼЪڼ䣬Ϊնȥ
īڲ֪У˺ܶࡣ
ͨ磬Ѿҵ֮սˣȫֽƣĸоսҲǴ˳ɳ÷ʽ
вսʿֻҪܻõ˼
ߵЩʿͬҲˡˮҲʼ󲿶һȥɱҵ顣ȻǶǳ͵ڲĺܶˣ֪λҲڶ鵱С
һЩͨеʿָīȫ֣Ϊڻҵֵʱ򣬻ҪȥЩ塣ָ⼸꼸ѾʧˡΪָˣЩ꣬ҵֵʱҲûһֲ̫롣Щеĵճʿûмսġ
һΣΪī֮ⳡԹ˴뿪ͬʱЩӵܣòսȥֿҵ֡
ԣ˵īԹ֣ǲȫ֣˵īĳ֣ЩеĹүǣʶΣ˱磬ͬҲεģ
׷ţīΪ˵ۣ˵ûκ塣
һޱǿߣīĳҪǿϵȺ̫Ϲ档
һʱսᣡ
Ⱥ̫Ϲǵʱīս
ͬʱһµʱ
ӢˣΪͨǿЩķչֱ÷ݣ
˵Ȼأۣͬ˺ǿھӢڲ͵λҲܼġ
ҹϹĹ棬˵ʮУ˵ھӢ棬͵ļҲκεĴڸСǳϣκ飬Ƕǳϡ
򣬾Ӣ˵ӲʵҲһһġ
˵ˮͺЩ̫Ϲ棬жǳĽҹϹ̫Ϲ档
𿴳īڻûгǰ浽һ̣ͬҪ١
ʵϣڳīصЩ굱Уǿ壬һֱ뾡ְ취ҪⳡԹ
óȫƸͼȡ̫ϹԵĻǻĻȥǣԼǳĻһԭˮ͹ʮϣ
ϣ׮Ұ
ǰ죬˶Ҳ޷⡣
ڳī˷عĵʮͨ꣬Ϲ̫Ϲ棬ѡ˻вϹļȫԴͼƣ̳ȫ򣬹黹˳塣
ģǳīǴųīϹܼҡ
ϹܼҵֻһҪЩɱӵܵĲϹˣԼԾɡ
󣬲ϹУٴ澳ʥʿѡ˻
̫ϹĻϹ壬Ҳڽ˶ĵӡ
̫Ϲĵ̣ǵĽ;䣬ȴΪȥò˵̡ܷ
īʱҲѽȫ̫ϹԪϡ
ָƽ
ͨ磬ԭʮ壬ֻʣ˺ˮ塣
棬ûһ㶯
ǵ̫Ϲ棬ҲѾһϢġ
ԴˣīҲżǻһǣˮһӡ
Щ꣬īʵҲǷǳƣֲϸζʵû죬ȴҪصеΪûκܴ档
ʿѾʮУжʮ򣬶ķϵ顣ǶԸ棬һڣڳԸΪͨһԱ
һʧѾõϺɡ
īϹܼңҪ˾ţЩϵ飬дŵġ
ĽѾޱȾ޴ȰǰҪһЩôĽҲҪȥ
īڷȨ飬ܣ෴ԵĻЩŻ
Ψаٻţøá
ʲôʱ򣬻µ̫Ϲ棬ī⡣
ʮ̫Ϲ棬ͨ磬Ѿøȥȫͬˡ
ܶླܵ͵ʿԵĸоó

һº͵Ŀųī˺ˮ֮ȥǡ·ӻɡ
īͷҲд⡣
ˮ˵ӦҪˡ


1703 
ȷӦҪˣһѾôȥˡ¡ЩȻȥδģžǿ󣬿ȥҪȹȥ
ǵģȴԽԽ죬ԽԽء
ˮ˵УǰЩ졭ͻȻһԤС
ԤУīŮʲôԤУ
ˮǸо׺ˡ
ͨˣī΢΢һ漴ҡͷܵģôܳ£
ԭͨ˵һʵ̫ͨϹ㼶Уһ̫޼ӵĶ֡ͨ磬ûκ̫Ϲ棬ܸһս
ңͨ˵ǻ׿ֶȫ߱Ĵڣô׳¡
ǶһΡˮУżֵİˡ
˵꣬ͨ˵ĸ鶼Ƚϸӡ̸жôĸ飬ͨ˻ƹīôΡϲ˵棬ͨ˲Թ
ɲô˵վǵĸס
ǰһģҲǵĸסԣҪ˵һ㶼Ҳǲܵġ
ΣīЩЦĿˮꡣ
ŮľѾĺܣ綼Ѿ뵽澳۷ĲΡȻ̫ңңڣ⾳磬ͨ磬Ҳˡ
ֶͨ˵޷͵ģҲǲɿصġ˵ξǿɿصġ߼ߣΡ
澳ֲΣ͸ᱻ翵Ķˡ
ˮȻ˵ȫͬһΣóīЩЦ
ģЦˮһ۳īҸ궼εرǿսǵط֣һرİĿռ䡣ǿռܴܴǵĸоƺƺǸط֮ͨ⣡
ī飬΢΢üû˵ʾˮ˵
ˮųīȫ֣ʲôȴȴȫϣңϴųЦ
һ˵Цݣ˵ʲôȴȫΪõģԣҲû취Ʋ⣬֮˵ʲô
ˮͷЩ˵ĵ󡭡ͱķѣ񡭡񳹵׵ˡ
ʲôīüͷĸˣоƺЩԾ֮ͨ⡭ѵǹ۲ߣ
˵ͨ˶ϵģǹ۲ߵĻôһʤ㶼ûеģ
ǣͨôȥģ
ıô񣬸Ͳ̫ϾʿܴԽİ
˵ͨʵа취뿪ͨ磿ʲô
뵽⣬ī˵˵ӣǻǵ𣿡
Ůһҡͷˮ˵棬úǳʲôӣõʲôͨʲôӵ·ȫġ֮ǾȻһ㶼벻ˡ
˵ֻʣµ˸УͬʱָоǸˡԶ뿪ˡ
īڷȥһ˫УҲ˸˼Ĺâ
飬ҪҲֻϴˡīЩ꣬ĸоϴڣ˷ʮ̫Ϲ棬Ǵġ
⾿ʲô벻
īһŮȻ΢΢һЦζѣδؾġһȥһ̫ϸӣ⵽ô¡
ͷ˵Ȼ˵Ǹ֮䣬̸жôУô˵ǰһҲǵĸסǲϣĳ¡ôԲ顣
Щ飬ȥˣ˵̸ʲôԲġīҡҡͷ
󣬳īŮ뿪ֱӳűĺȥ
ų߶̫ˣīûԼ٣ܿ˰ȥϢ˳ȥ
īħҪԹ𣿡
һεĿ꣬Ǻ壡
壬Ҳڽˣ
͸öˣ
ӡͨ磬ǿǸ˰˰ҲʿһˣֱƷʮ塭׳٣ǰ޹˺ˡ
ǰԺҲûˣܹˡ
ͨ磬ųīĶһα
ߣٴУ
ˣȻǿһᵽһٵʱȻ̿֡
˿ںȴʱˡ
˺ǵŮ
һֱ˺ŮķǳãûнڳīϢй¶ȥ㡣
źīֳĶ̫ˣЩ忪ʼī꾿Ǵʲôطصͨ硣
ΪչǱߵ˵īԶսʱ򣬾ѾնȥȻʯţ͵˻ҵصСҪӻҵػôͱҪͨ޴ѷ졣
⼸ѷ죬궼йӵػġ
գīںصѷϢǱЩеҸƶ˳
ڵʱϢѾûжˡΪ̫޼ϴڶѾվ˳īߣֳ֧īʮ塣ԣϢҲһֱû
Ժ̫Ϲ˵£ǺջܹʱĽϢϱĻô˵īѾѹˣ
ͨɱ˷߸ʮͨͳΣ
ԣվǵϿǷҡǾԲˡ֣
ȴһֱûжΪǶʶī֮䣬ȻܴɹʶΪѡô˵ʲôʱ򣬾¡
Щһֱûиī磬ΪһڣѾˣʧȥɡ
Ҳֻǲûκεĥ
īˣһڣֱӱ̫Ϲǰ
ѾøƯһ˫鶯Ĵ۾˿ûп־֮ɫʮִ󵨵Ĵ̫Ϲ档ֹȥҲûʲô˵ɰͰ͵ͷѡ
ȻţҲûжη壬ģֻܹŹԼŮԼѾ֮ˡ
ԶȵĹҪЩ̫Ϲı顣ʲôѪһȺʱӰˡ
֪һ̫Ϲ浭ʵ
һЦڣҲ֪ҷʲô޾Ҿҵҵرѷ졣Ǽ֮أҴССһǧսܹйĵһֱûκζԲ飬Һδ֮У
ϣһ˺Ȼ
ߣ̫ϹֻҪȻȥīŹ塣ȴû뵽ȻôʶȤ
һ̫֮Ϲ浭˵ãû˶ǡôȻѾ˻ˣҲټ൱һΡ˵ţ̫ϹŹһ֣Ѿͷ
ڣʱŭˣǺѪӵܣ
Ǻǣô̫Ϲ浭һЦкѪӵܣǵĺûǣǣǶôТ塭Ҳûдڵˡ
˵ţѾͷ𣿡


1704 ǿ
һ˫ޱĴ۾̫Ϲ棺ΪʲôҪǣ
ºãǣڽһȥ𣿡̫ϹһͰЦݣˣнŶ
һĿ̫Ϲ棬Ȼ˵ȥ飿
ܵ˵ͬһŰֽûǻۣЩ飬ܹĿġ
ѽ㿴֮䣬ҲѡɲȥҪɱأ̫ϹЦǺǵĿŹҪж飬һԼĺһ
һҪ˵ʲôڴʱһ̫Ϲ棬ȴĿһۡ
һۣޱ
̺޾ľζ
ӶĲһ£ѾߵĻȴҲ˵ˡ
ĲӰŮˣҲ
ǷޣȴΨһŮǣᣬСûгζĲģſŮʲô⡣
һۣھ
Ķڶ¡û޳ܵȡҪһСŮĵز
ȴŭԣǳıƼ̫Ϲ棬ǵʲô鶼óġɱһڣһò˵顣
һ˫۾˵̫Ϲ棬˵ǣ˵ǵ꣬˼ҵȫˣȫɱˣȻִ˼˴ԴƸ𣿡
飬㲻Ҫ˺˵˵ⶼ뿴ЩˣôأĹ΢Ц˵ϵı飬һα
ʵǼȻΪʲôҪɱأ
Ҳɱء̫ϹúģŹԣ񣬾ǻѽǼһο飬ܳɹôԺһεĺ
Щ˼̧ͷ̫Ϲ档ˣ϶д֮ɫ
û뵽Ϊ˻̫Ϲ棬ѾĹضˡȻֱŵ飿
κһϵļ壬۴СѡϣرɭϵĹء飬ɻġǵĲ֡ȻѾˣͲҪٹܼеԱţĹأҲǱ֤һܹеĹ
˵ܲܳɹ̫Ϲֳŵֱں
ҪǸλϣò˼죬͵ñܿաܶ̫ã
һӴļ壬ôһСѾͷܣ
˿̣ȥԼŮҲͷޱȽšǷ޶ˣЩŮĽץĺܽù˺ܶ˵ĵԣֻԼŮܹܾҪ
ҲҲûǸ˵
ȫһ
̫Ϲ˵ŶҪʲô
˵īҵˣҪһܣҪ磬ͻȥˡϿɵģҵĵԣ£ҵȥ̸ˡ
У˼ͬʱڡ
̫ϹĿ⣬˲䵽ϡ
ѹЩ˵Ѫ
ʱ򣬹һЦȥɣܳɹɹǾˣϾҲүүɱأͺˣţүүҲһҺܺõġ
ЦеĿԼĵƺһ㶼Σյһ
̫ϹŹ˵ô꣬һСТģ
ʱɫ΢΢һ䣬̫ϹɫҲһ䡣һ˳ôô죿
һ̫Ϲ૵ӵΪ֮ȥָ˺ܶ࣡
̫ϣҲֻһ֮ңˣ
ҿֻС벽ˡ
̫Ϲ棬һ˲䣬ȫЩëǵ棬ĳ־塣
Ѿ޾£Ѿ޾ֻءһֱߡǵڣʮֻʣܹôͨ磬˭ܸǿ⣿
壿Ǹ߸Ϻˣֵ̣˭ǺˮĶ֣
ӢȻǿ󣬵壡
ԣǲһ㶼
ڿȥϣѾãˣȫһϡ쵰ȻǲǼȥģЩļһȺϣӵܣʵǲϣǼȥģ
ΪֻˣһзŻ᳹׵ƽϢ
һ뵽⣬̫ϹУޱȷڵķŭ
Ǵ壬ǵ棬ûǣǣ
ԣŵһ̣̫Ϲ棬ȫġֻҪܻȥĻὫƵλȥһһֱӻ
ʵףȴȫԼŮΪһߣ
˽˽ģֻͬˡ
ʱ̫Ϲ濴Ź˵ȥŮȥԼѡ񣿡
һ̫Ϲɣ£ǳɹˣΪȨƵˡ䣬һڣΪܹ⣿Ȼǲǳ֣⺮壬֮أ㵱Щˣ᲻ڹ۵һͷϣ
ʱУī̫Ϲ棬Ѿôʱ䡣ɣˡҲκֶ£ûġӦú飬ǰѴ̡
̫ϹɫȫһƬ࣬ŭϲ㣬ƾ㡭£һһƾһΣ
ʱ򣬹һ۹ԼķˣȻ˵µҪôһһȥҪôλ棬Ͱһɱ
㡭һ̫ϹŭŹͷãʲô
µҲֻùҽˡȻɱһڣʲô壿ֻܼڹһڣˡ
һƬЦİɡ
󣬹ŷ˸Ůݣϸ졣Ȼ˵īֵܣ겻
īΣңԶʾͷգ֮䣬͵˹һǰ΢΢һЦȭҲã
ī磬ǲã죬˵顭
⻰˲䴫˵ĶС˵ϱ飬ʵĺܡ̫Ϲ棬Ҳɫڡ
СѾͷƬӣֱ̫ˣ
һ˵壬ôôûò
˼Ҿ겻ƢԸû̫ı仯ɵɰ
īŹ΢Цô


1705 Ըīİ취
Цŵͷ
ī˵֪ûκġ
˵֪ġ
ʱһ˵һڣдס
һ˵ī磬ʵǸǡ
Ǹո˵ڵһɲǣͼīȻ䷢һȣң
䣡
һ
Ƭ񷶼ˡ
üĴһָѪһ˫ۣʧȥɡ
ʵ˵ǣҲѾ֪ˣܸһŹһ٣粻ҪɱǺ
ǵĹ棬Գ¹ˡĶСǱϾȡ棬ǵѪ
ԣ˵ĺݣ棬ʵҪġ
û뵽һ̫Ϲ棬߳ŭ֮£˶ֱӱˣȫûи˵ȥĻᡣȻֱӳ֡ɱ
̫ˣ
Ҳ̫ˣ
˵ǳīЩڰпһеĺӵܣҲȫû뵽
Ƕ˹˵֡ǣ
ʲô˼תۣ
νʲô̫ĶûأΪʲôҪɱһСأ
Ҳûл˵Ҫ˵Щʵ˺ܾãţԼȰīġΪ֪ī磬ʵҲһǳĺˡ
ʲôλãûκȤֻǵģٿɱ¾
ΪЩûʲôΪͨ磬˶֪鰡
棬ѽˡѵ˵ô
Զûлˡ
ī̲ס췢һŭ𣺡ҹ
˹ȥŮڻȫ״סˡȫû뵽棬ĻԹС֡Ҫѽ
ϵı飬ΪһսĽûпûᣬֻȦܺ졣޾ŭѹСķ˵ļȻ֣šѾ
һ̫Ϲ棬ҪֻɱһСӣȻǳī⧲֮£Ҳȫûл
̫Ϲ˵ֱ̫ˡ
ɱ˹̫Ϲ棬һ䣬ҧ˭Ҳ
˵ţֱӷϸ죬ȴûжԳī֣ǳ·Щǣֱӳˣ
䣡
һâֱ޴Ĺųǡ
棬ۼȫĸ߲
ֵһ˲䣬Ǽһӡʧֻ´ƬĽ
ˣȫķˡ
һ£弸ʧһϵĸ߲㣬һ˲ɥˣ
ˣ
ǳ׵ķˣ
棬һһǺеֳ֮һųǷȥ
Ǳĵ޾ңԶľ룺Ƕҵȴޱȥܺãܺãˣһãһɣ͵壬ûгϹСīīӡһУƵģ𣿡
䣡
һĹųǻҷ𡣳екӵܣûκλߣֻĿŻĽ٣
һ̣ǵܹᵽǰЩӵǰʹ
֪ǰȴΪ
ʣ̫Ϲ棬ûҲûκζǾǼ档һ
ǵģûҲûжԳī֣
ڶģ
ڶԳīֵĻϲ᲻ֱӳ֣
һֱɣīϣĳִĸӦһǳīˡôָӦͻֱӴȻ̫޼ӾͻָԤ
Գī𹥻أ
ƾʵȫԹһ᲻ɴݵķţ
ǲһеôţһǧꡭҲûпܵģ
Ѿˣܶһ꣬Ͷһ꣡
˭֪һǧУ᲻ᷢʲôֻҪī;뿪ôǾͿԽлָ
ս˭̲ס
Ǳߣһ̫Ϲ棬ڲϵĳֻԼ
ҲͣķŭţīҪĽ𣿲֣Ұˣɱǣ
īΪⶼñһ䡣
˵˭ϣ˭ˣ
ֱһЦ
ҪǾˣ
īĿ䣬ݣȻ߱ĹǸûб
һĺӣȦųīɱȺ
īͷֱӷ·ݡ
ʱǱǸڷ̫Ϲ棬Բ˼ٶȣֱӻصݣ૵յѪǿһʱģ
̫Ϲ棬û˵ʲôֻǵ˵ͷ
ȻһѪɫϣֱӽݸסˡ
ˣīʲôˡ
бŮʬĹҲˡ
Ҳˡ
һЩովڸ֮ϣһٵĺӵܣҲˣ
̫Ϲ棬Ƿˣ
ѪīĹ
ĺѾĺˣǶ񶾵Ըӵĵز
Ѿһּˣ
вʳӣ̫ϹΪ˶һݻȥĻᣬȻϧ˲ϢɱڼƵ⵱УĴ߲㡭ϵѪȻŨһ
īǵΪҲѾȫûκλȥˡΨһһ£ǸϽ̫ϹȥȻݺݵǵԪ
īֱӳݳˣ
е߱죬һޱѤѪɫâݺնȥ
߱ķ񣬾ƥ
ûбĵ
һȥݣ˲飡
¶ªӰ
īһȴûնѪɫ
̫Ϲ棬ȫʩΪΪַļʵ̶ȣǳκǿ
ǳīеôҲûа취ڶʱƿ
īһûн̫Ϲ棬ȴ̲ס뷢һ
ϡ˼ңûг֣ո̫Ϲ棬ѿڶ˵ϲ֣һǣû˵ڣȻĻҪ٣Ǿ̫òʧˡ
ǵ˷ܣҲģ
ֻҪԳī֣̫޼ӾͲ֣
֮ǰЩѣܹ뵽ֺý³
ǰǰǵǿ԰Ϣݸˮѣһмǵģ
ʵ棬϶ǲ˵ģôкܶࡣǲ˵ϢҲһᴫˮǱߡ޴ˡ
̫Ϲ棬ȫЦտǶУһŪĿųī
Ǹ̫ϹЦī㿴𣿱ǰ׷ˣѾҵԸİ취ˣ


1706 ͨ
īȺ޳̫ܵϹ棬Ҳеɵۣû뵽һֽ漴һǿҵĵǡ˵᲻̫޼λǰʲôˣ
ī֪飬ҪЩ̫ϹһЩġ֪ͨ棬ƽˮǸξҲóīɣǲǸŮ˷Щ۲߳ŭˣ
һĹͨߣ̫޼ڣֽӦԣ
˵Щ۲ߣ϶ǲ׳֡»ȥͨ磬ǡҵ˰취أ
Ͼûмʶͨʲôģ֪Щ۲֮ϣǷи߼Ĵڡ˵Ӹ̫޼ϴѾǿ˸о˼ĵز
䣬δûиǿĴڡ
һڵĻôϣһŸ߲ε顣
ܶ飬ž̫ϸڣҲδȫƿС
ȻҲͲôˡ
ţīɫ俴̫Ϲ棺ҵԸҵİ취ˣǸЦȻԸ⵱ͷڹ꣬ҾͳȫǺˡ
˵ţīʼŲæĲ
ǲŲæٶǳÿһ˿
СҪʲôǸɱԼ̫棬üͷųī¶Ū֮ɫĪҪɱǣ氡
īҲǣֻɲŲæǲ
ϵԴ뿪֮ǰˮºܶࡣЩսƷʵ̫ḻˡһǧ꣬δ꣡
ͨĹ̫УǵԴḻóīЩ𾪵ľĵز
ЦǣڳīĹУȻдĺӵܣΪī˸ֲģ
̫Ϲƿڴ
ȺûĵҵͲӦô
Ǳȣ˼壡ȫú
ôԵԼ𣿾ȻˣԼ棿
ߵЩӵܣһųĬ̫Ϲ棬Ŀ𾴵ˣҲ߼żĿУ̫Ϲ棬ֱһĴڡ
죬󡭡ˣ
ԴǸ棬ʼԼֵһ̣ͳˡ
ǿΪ˼壬Ϊȥȴֱܽ
ԣǺ޲ܳī̵ܹʱ䣬̫Ϲ档ˣҲͣˡ
󷨣īӲʱ䣬Ųɡ
⻹ڴӵܵİ²ɵġȻĻǳīһˣٵʮʱ䣬ܲ
һ
ûκεɱֻܽ档
⡭Ѿˣ
ס̫Ϲ꣡
ǷĹҪ١ҲҪʱ䡣
ԣɵһ̣ī˿Щӵ˵ԹһʹڣһٻȡԴ
ЩӵܣҲȫ˿ԳīĴмͬʱϣīܹħ
ŹˣīҲ֪ȥȥ壬ܾˡŮǵĴ̫Ҫһûҵĵطȥˡ
īҲЩ꣬Ǹùϧû̯һȡ
īˮʱǱˮ̫棬ѾݵĲúһȻڷУıչ
ȺϹǿһ㣬ûɱռѪ顣ҲԼҵЩԴӲĵһϣ
󣬳īһǧ꣬Ҳδܹƣ
Ϊչһ
ν󣬾Ǵ򲻽ȥ桭Ҳ
ַ£û˻ȥõġΪ˽ͬʱҲڷԼ·
ɶˮ̫Ϲ˵־Ҫģ
īһ̲ⷨסˣΪҲҪĽ
ԼԼˣһһǧʱ䣡
ֱ̫ˣ
īһǧڣ١һˮ̫Ϲ棬ڷУһƽĿųīˮ壬һֹϵǿԿ̽һδδǻҰģңһǧڡԣ㲻õʲôԶлԸǡ㹻͸Ͻ취߰ɣ
һˮ̫ϹЦӣңӣϣĻ֮
̫Ϲ浭̾ϢΪ֮ǰٵЩѸеֵֻҪǲ֣û˿취
̫޼ڣǽġĸ̫˵
ʱͨͷաͻȻˡ
һ˲飡
ͨ硭ͷգ
һӾͺˣ
Ȼͨ磬е飬ȫܵһ޾ѹͨľ޴ѹ
ѹһҪĤݵĳ嶯
īͷһսĸоϵĲ
𾪡
Ϊһ˲䣬ľʶУͻȻһ棡
һϴ𣬸һصĵˣڸһź¡һŰµӶս
սĵطʲôط
ī𾪡
ʱ򣬳īľʶУ̫޼һλӣûа취ˡҵȶͨİ취ѹͨ硭Ҫˣ
̫޼ǰôǿһµģīУޱȽ
Ǳ߷·ˣˬʵЦЦûʲô˲ãһǡʵҲûʲôġΨһǣ뵽Ǹά硣
ʲô˼īȫ
Ժ󣬵̫磬ȻᶮġͨЩ̫ϾˣȫһᶮΪ̳еģҸϺе²̫޼¡¡Ĵ֮ڳīľʶ
ͬʱݸīһƪע⡣
Ķ
Ϊ⣬̫޼Ծȫ⡣⡭ҲȫѪ
ӣδˣѹͨ磬һҲΨ㣬ܳˮͺʮ̫Ϲ㹻ǷӡԼͦõġ㾡嵽־ȥҪӢҹϹ̫Ϲ档ǵ뿪̫áҪġ̫Ϲ־ˣѽնȥˡǶģмǣмǣ
̫޼˵ţڳīľʶУˡ
ͬʱڳīʶУҲʧ̫޼ǰӵս档
ͷϵʿң᲻ΣգҡҪβܳ
ϧƾīδУȴû̫޼Ļش
ʱϺеڳīľʶˡ
ӣܱǸû㵽󡭡ӵ޾Ĵȱ³īʶеĻϣǺսޱȼҡݵīʶеȴޱƽˣһĸо
ϺС⵽ô£īУˣΪָоһֱڱǰƺҪ⡣


1707 ϴڵĲ
ĸֱ仯ʵ̫죬ĿϾӣīһֱԼĳɳٶѾˣƺȻȲƵı仯һѤֳ޾Σʱ
õʱѸٵӱҲһʱΪ㲻֪ᷢı仯
ͨӵǧ棬Ϊܵһʱ
磬ʲôӵģͨЩڣʲôʲô˵̹֮⣬һ磿ǷϺиϵʿ˵ǸųɽĵطͬҲ˷ɱ
Щ飬ͬһ޴ţû侳ԶҲֲܲ׳
ǷôԶֻܵһֻϣԶ磻Զһˮ㣬ˮεγ죬Ҳ޷յĿ
īҪֻܿϣҪˮе㡣ǾͱҪӵ޾Ĵǻۡлᣬ߾ĵ
ʵһֱڳ·ţߵٶȣѾܿˡѾߵͬ飬һһ˦ں档ΣҲܱˣҲ޿κΡ
˭ϣԵУ˭Ըߵֻʣ¹¶
ãĵ·ϣһֱʦ顣һֱûĳ׹¶
λʦѣȴҪȥóīУ޴ıˣл̿֡
ãԼûȫ׼ء
Ϻкķڳīľʶ𣺡ӣһܵ磬ܶ飬Ҳȥжһ㣬ӦÿԳΪǸıΪǸȥˡʵҲ־磬ֻƾ辫ϣһָڡܰģʵҲôˡڲԶδһпֽҿһУ
Ϻ˵ţһֱӴīʶУȫĵá̵оĺ͵
ЩҪȥġͨȻҲ᳹׻ģͬҲʴȵġܻһ顣ĻִȥǻֻۡҪǻۣһᵮǿ飬һ죬磬Ĵͬ
Ϻеʧ˳īľʶСȻ󣬳īʶǷսĻ棬Ҳʧˡ
Ϻиϵʿû˵īȴѾˣΪΪͨһǧ桭ȡʱ䣡
ͨգǺڰġ·ڰٴأҪĩһ㣡
īȴڰʵһֱ
ϺиϵʿĴȱԸɵһ֣ӻ嫶Ѥ磡ӻе飡
ִȱߵģ
ΪǵУʵѾ˼򵥵ǷƶĴȱ
ϧͨе飬֪ҲЩȻϺУϵʿǶѾ׳˺쳾еһСԣȫ֪֪Щ᲻мǡǲ⣡
ȻĻҲɴֱӵֳ֧īͨв߳ϵ̫Ϲ档
ۣ˵ͬһ㣬һɢˡ
Գī˵Щ飬Ҫ鶼֪
ϺиϵʿԲЩȴûеֲΡ⣬һҪǵ¼ͨ·еĴ棡һҪе鶼ףڣ
īĬĬġ
ʱһ⣬ģȴֱۣս˳īľʶС
·˲俪һһǰδеĸоһӳڳīļ䡣
ԶԶԽ澳εѾ뵽һĵͷ
̫ϣ
ī̧ͷͷǺĻ˫ۣ·Ѿ͸ǺĻ͸硣·𿴼ڸս𣬻Ǹؽ̤ŵϵʿ
Ǻߣһ죬һȥ
ī˵ţתֱ뿪ˡ
ųķȥ
Ѿ뵽ͨܶЩҵ飬Ϣȥˡ
ͬܵޱǿҵĿ־壡
ͨˣ·һǧȻҲͱˡôԭ滷ޱնѵĻҵأʱκ飬ֻʣһͷؼң
һҪؼң
ԣѾ˺ܶĻҵ飬һҹ֮䣬ǿҿ־ʹ£ͬˮһˡ
ҵսЩͨ飬ҲûκνҺңȫĬĬԼ˻ȥ
ͨĺɫĻǰе飬ѾûôҪˡģξصԼļңԼˡ
Ȼ˶ôΪźɫĻǲ֮ס
Լڷеˮ̫Ϲ棬һȫɵˣĿɿڴĿͷաÿ˵ɫ𾪺Ͳ˼顣
Ȼġ޴գ
ģһˮ̫Ϲ嶯֮£̲סֱˡ
ղݣһˮ̫Ϲ棬Ҳһ˴ı顣ֱҪˡ
ֱӳԼ֮ǰƷ󣬺ݺݵķһ
ⷨļʵ̶ȣͬǸīȷģ
һ̫ϹݺһȻûⷨһ̫Ͼע£ûܿôһ˿һ
̫ǿˣ
̫ˣ
ⷨ󣬼ֱ˵ıѪ
ڣȴԼ
ͷ޾֮ϣǺɫĻͲʲôԤף
̫ϾĹһַһֵ˼ķϵĵͷڣζų٣ζŲҲֻĳּĵͷ̶ֳȡ
⡭ڣһռػ
˵ʲô
˵ػͨѾ֪ĴڣشΣˣ
Ѿػȥˣ
Щīɱ˷¡ͨʮе̫Ϲ棬ɱ䡣ֱǺɨһ飡
֮ǰǿ϶ı
ž֡е뺦ޡ˼άµ̫־ǵ˼άʽʵûѳ쳾ԣǶػͨԪĴڣ⡣
Ȼޡ
ȴˣڣ֮԰ųī£ʲôսڳīǱߣ߰ѳīһѵáǶԼʱ޶ࡣܼػ硣ֲͨһƬ⡣
ֻܶȺ̫Ϲ֣
ȻĻʮ̫Ϲ涼ڣɫĻٵһ̣ǵȷ̲ס˷ˣûλѹ˵ܺɨͨ磬Ȼ󳹵׽·һǧȫϷֵ
ͨ磬Ϊǵ֮
ͲӦռκεԴ
ۣʮУһֱʢС
Ⱥ̫Ϲ棬Ӳûһ㣬֮ǰǸݡ²⡢㡭ⲻ֪еľٶ˼ҵƤӵ¡
ˣȴˣ
ְԼⷨС
ʹ޵µĸоˮ̫ϹѪ
һ̫Ϲŭīҵţһǧꡭ


1708 һҲ
һǧʱ䣬Ȼ
ʱ䣬ʵ̡
ˮе̫Ϲ˲֪ǰ֮ʹ޵ԸӵľءҪ΢һģǺ̫Ϲˡ
Ϊ꣬Ϳ뿪طˡ
ȴ֪ˮλԼһǧ¡ԣҲǳŭǳķŭ
ô
ϲȻˣ
Ϊʲô缸£Ϊʲôڣ
֪ˣʱ䡭ȻǿһָͷͰѳī
ȴҪȴ꣡갡
겢
̫һ̶Ըȣھͳװˣ
ϧηŭҲ޼¡
ⷨĳ岻ơ
̫ϾĹ֮⣬Щͨ飬ʲôˮе̫Ϲ棬Ȼǲȥ˵¡Ǻ棬ԼѾǳ׾ˡ
ͨ統Ук̫ܶϾ档
ȻҲźɫĻʲô֮ףĴȱɵһӻͨ顣
Щ̫Ϲ棬Ĵм˵˳ȥĿҪͨǰģػġɫĻҲǲ飬һֱ
˵֮󣬵ȷں̶ܴϣ˾ͨеĹǡǶ̫޼֮ǰûô˵ĴڣĴ޴м
ˣ뷨
ӢС
ɺ衢űʮͬΪӢ˸߲һ
ǵɫȫЩϾ
£е㲻ðˣһ޷ƿصķƶűһ࣬ųʲô㣿
ˣҲȫ˳ߡ
΢΢ü˵ڣĵطһǵλ󷽵̫Ϲ档һֱֵ÷ǳ͵ǫѷǶ֪Ⲣĵ͵ǫѷ
˵ţһ
ڳģһҹϹĵճӵܣԼЦվ˵˵Ķԣλĵ͵ǫѷԭǾ̫޼ܡһܶ˵Ļôʽ£ǡпܳΪ첻ءΪͨûˣܹƺˡ
Ҳȫ¶˼ɫǲСӣȥ˵ֺĻ磬Ϊʲô̫޼ǰЩ̫Ϲ涼ѹˣ
ôĻһԥȻûô˵Ųԭġ
ٵ⣬ҪƽȶȹⳡΣ
ҹϹ壬Ѿʣһ޴ĿտˡҹϹ̫Ϲ˼ô飬Ӧһȵ˵һ£ȥɱī˵īвڶ£ǴУȫȨվӢˡΪľӢˣӲϣѾԽκһĹ塣
ȫͷ
˵ڶ⣬ͨ񻹴ŵЩ̫Ϲ档Щʮ֮ˡûλѹǵУ׻ж٣˼Ǻȥжϡô⣬ֻһְ취ǾǣǵΧȻþһֶΣ£ûʲô̫ϹһЩǾӢЩ̫Ϲ棻ҲԶҹϹ̫Ϲ棬һá
һˣȻ˵Ȼ˵ЩʵϣܻҪһЩúܶࡣ˵ȴҪȥ
űͷϣȻѾȶʵϣͨ˵УȻЩġ˵ʲôʱͻȻ䷢һ£пܳΪһı㡣Ӷǣͨ硣
Ҳ׷׷϶ֳ֧־ġ֮Ҫ£ûʲô⣬Ҳûʲô̫Ұĵ̫Ϲ档
Ҫ̻ѣǵ˻̵һ̣ǻ᲻ҧһڣҲǱҪǵ顣
ʱͻȻ˵ҹϹ̫Ϲ棬ͻȻ뿪˱չ֮أ֪ˣ
˻
ˣȫ̲סһȻ
ɺЦǵķӦȻô죿
һ춼𣿡ű˵
˿ɫĳɺ˵£Ͻ֪ͨǱߡ
ͷ֪ˣ
Ͼ̶ȣЩǵԤϡԭţҹϹ̫Ϲ棬ôţҲҪ˼һʱ䣬ȻŻ¶ĵġǲûҹϹ̫Ϲڷ֮󣬻֮ǰһĵ͵ǫ͡
ΪǼǲܵģ
ϻ棬ȥһֻèſһġӱ򿪡ûκв£˭סͷϻ
Ƕã֮ǰôĽѵҹϹ̫ϹôҲԥһ°ɡ
˼ȫûаԥ
ֱɴ˿־壡
ʱ˲ͻȻʶ̫ϾĹ壡ǶѾôãֻصߣ
ʲôûͨ磬ʲô飬벻׵ģ
ԣȷ̫޼ӦԶ뿪֮ͨ󣬸ûκԥֱӳųǱɱȥ
ǵˣҹϹ̫Ϲ棬ǱīϲӲģ
ޣ
ֳôܲôţ
һ̶̣
ǹģҪȥ
䣬Ƕѹ磬ѹ硣ǵķƸͣȻ˼ɣ
Ҫ˵ʮ֮Щ̫Ϲǣ˿̿ܶںͼ㣬ô߶֮󣬻档ȴҪ
ҹϹ̫Ϲ棬һΪҹ飬һΪҹ޷ˣҹϹͬһˡ
Ūһ˲䣬;Գīɱˡ
īԾԿٶȣڵһʱ䣬ϻ˳塣ңȥ֮ûаԥͿ˳ǿ
ڳī֮󲻵һʱʱǱߵҹҹ޷̫Ϲ棬Ѿ˳ıԵ
Ķ޴ķȻվǺٺЦ
ʱ򣬳īҲӵ˳ǱߵĴѶ
ҹҹ޷̫ϹӦȥˣ磬һҪСġʵڲУ͸Ͻܡɽڣûա
īûлõѶΪҹϹ̫Ϲ棬Ѿˡ
īĿҹҹ޷Ȼ¶Ц
λǰ٣԰
ҹ䣬ųīٺЦУ׷꣬ѾǺ޵¡


1709 
ҹ޷ųīеĺ⣬˿Σ˵īڻʲô̵ģƾܼضꣿɴ㣬վһһսǻһ
ҹ޷ĵ¡¡졣нҪ˶߷ʲôҪ˶ӷˣ˶ˣ
Ǳһ֮ϣЩ̫Ϲǣ˿һȫɴ۾
ͷ֮ϵĺɫĻô£Ⱥ䣬ǻۻڹȫ
źʹޣ޿κΣ
ֻ˵ʱҲҲǵ
û뵽ô죬̫Ϲҳī鷳ˡ
ԣһģȫɴ۾ҪǸ˾˭
ҹ޷ҹ޷һϹ̫ϹЩĵ벻Ȼô졣
ͱˮǱ߶̫Ϲ涫䵭˵˭ôģҪôϣͷҪô屻ƣЩ˵Դ뻻ط
̩һ˵˵ǻᱻõĵطȥչ
Ϲ̫Ϲ棬ʱĬˡ涼ĺܣ³ıˣīıɱˣҲǳˣñѩˡǴδȴл»ص۷壬ȥ߳ˡ
ĻᣬѾûˣѾʧˣѾҲزȥˣ
ߣīҹ޷ЦǺǵ˵һܵӢȥȥȥһ·Ȼһˣڵһʱѡ˱ѡŶҲԣȺ̫ϾĹ˵бѣĻš԰ɣ
ͷ˵ֻǣСӣĵҲĲСҹ޷˵īķ̡
ҹܺãС̵϶ǳʲôҲ֪֪ǿ϶ͨˣǶ磬ҲûκӰˡɫĻѾľһͷԣ£ֶС֮ǰɱ˷ɨʮ塣ǲǾԼ磿ǲǾʹ죿˵бӦģ񣬱Ӧˡǻһţվ󷽷ǻˣЩˣܹһ档ȻĻˡһ
ҹ޷һԲӣΣҲġһʲôҿɲֻ飬һ顣նҪɱͳɱǿԸһʹ졣īĥˡһóүǵ
ҹϹ̫Ϲ棬һһ䣬Գī֮¡ǵĿֻһƳīվǴ
ȻǾͿƽͨˣ
ʮ֮ЩЩ̫Ϲ棬Ǹͨ磬ĸܸӢ˱ȵģ
ӢˣѾλҹϹ̫ϹΪ֮ˡһȺСƨ죬ŪʲôãԮǸ̫ϹҪĶʲô
˵ˣӢ˵ɣȫʮ塣ԴˣҹϹ̫Ϲ棬žԵģܽһУȫԼС
ԣǸͲ⾫ӢǱ߻ķӦھԵʵǰһУȫ
īĿˣȻͻȻЦ˵ʹ𣿡
Сʱ㻹һף𣿡ҹǳͨߣˣǡ
û˵꣬īֱתˡ
תˣ
ˣ
ˣ
ûһۣ
ҹҹ޷ȫȻǾãСǷˣ
򣡡ҹ޷û˵ϻֱӳųǷ˹ȥ
һضɽҡľ죬֪жɽӣֱӱҹ޷һǰǵȴ˿ûܵκһ㡣
ҹ޷һŭеһ𣡡
ҹҲֱӳˡ
ʱʵ˵óīʲôвĻȶ
̫Ϲһ֣ɵƻޱȵľˣǽ֡ûһᡣӲ硭״һɲľ޴Ԩ
巨󻤳ֵʮｮ򣬾һͻأĴ½Ĵ˷Ԩ
ȥһĹµһ
ҹҹ޷ȫЩٵǣµɸһβƵĸо
û̫ܵӰ죡
ڡ
īһˣһ
˵ɫܳأȻ֪巢ʲôȴҲѾ֪һš
īҲûʲôֱӶ˵һֱڰбӻңҵ̫޼λǰ뿪ͨ硣ĵͷڰĻһػˡôͨ磬Ҳ¶Сʱǻҵ飬ͨЩ飬ܹܶ׾ٵĽ뵽
ȫĬţųīȴġ
ǲûеɽˮĵزīˣ˵ǸʲôȥʲôúЩ飬һ
ʱ濴ųī˵ǵάֶꣿ
ī룬˵£̫ϹĲϹ֮£Ӧάһǧꡣʮ̫Ϲ֣࡭άꡣǶʮô࣬Ҳꡣ
ꡭ֣˸еǡ
˵ͨ磬ʣµ̫ϹҲûж١̫̫ܳϹһԳ巨ֳ档һǧꡭҲ
䷲˵һǧ꣬ѾֻأѾԷչʮˡ˵һǧꡭҲһαչصʱˡ
īˣ֪ʲôڰ֣ҪĻھаջҹϹ̫Ϲ档޷ɱǡ
ȫһīĿУżֲš
īҲȥ֮͡ǰĲΣʵѾ̤뵽̫ΨûͻƵģˣ
׼һʱ䣬ľ磬뵽̫ǸΡ
ʱ̤뵽̫Ͼ磬Ϊһġ̫ʿ
˭ҵĹ棬ֻҪ̤뵽̫Ǹ磬īȫа̵ʱ䣬ѹҹϹ̫Ϲ棡
ĵ
˵īȣǳȣ
ܶ飬֪ھ˵ˣҲ˳װġǾʱ֤һкˡ
ż
ãߣϵ£ȻЩãȻҲе̿֡ȴûΪǶǴӾ߳ˡ
Ծָоκ˶ᡣζʽ˵࡭ֻǳ˸ֲȷԡԶԶûĵز
ǣɹµĴϣеһУȻվɡ
ϻƹÿſǰɹ̫ϹܼһǾڸ֮䡣еһУȻڰͰķչšûκα仯
ˣҲ˾ְ
ˮ꣬£˫˫ˡ
ʱ䣬һһεš
תۣꡣ


1710 Ļ
ͨ类źɫĻѹͨ磬ֱӿˡĻĻĵһٸͷ
һµĳϣеȫڰšǵûз̫ı仯ЩƵķ飬Ҳȫһңÿ˶޾
Щ̫ϹԪֵ֮ǿںһʹ壬һİ
ľŨ̶ȣȻͨ磬Ҳ൱ġ
أѾһƬĶ֮أҲһƬľ
ҹϹ̫Ϲ棬ҹҹ޷ȻڹųķȻЧ΢ȴûзںţҪʮ̫ϹһĶ
ҪǱѩޣ
Уǻ֡
һͳٵɯе̫Ϲ档
֮Ȼչꡣûд̫ϹǸȥȴȫѾû۷ʱڵֲֿսˡ
֮ԿһҪԭ򣬾ǶԳīʹޣʹޣֱԿ̵ϵʹ
īǲǵʳѰĸо
ԣڵ֪߷֮ǰɯ̫Ϲ棬ֱӼ뵽ⷨĹС
ǵĹȻûҹϹ̫Ϲôǿ󣬵ȴҲԶ澳ʿ
̫ϾʿȫֹⷨȻûκЧʵϣǿһĲʳ
ҲΪʲôī˵жʮ̫ϾĹ棬ȫ֣ܼⷨԭ
澳ʿʮҲκвΪĥֻ̫ϵĵſԡ
ɯĹ棬Ļʮʱġ
ĻʮʱҹϹ̫Ϲ棬ضǿ̫Ϲ档
̫Ϲ棬ڤӼ塣
˵ڤӼ壬ͨеʿһ£ǾǣڤӼǿǷǳǿ
壬ȴ쳣ĵ͵͵ļӵܣڼ彮ĵز
ڤӼֻ̫ϾĹ棬ȴܸˮ塢ͺ
ڹȥû˸׵ڤӼǱǡڰǰڤӼ岢ûиʮһ𣬶Գ巢ΧˡȻǵУҲŷ
ڤӼ̫Ϲ棬ȴڵʱܾʮ롣
û˵ܾɣûӦ
ʮڵʱҲѾƾȺˣ㹻ˡûڤӼļ룬νġԲûǿ
ʵ¾ͿԿʮߣڤӼļɵǺģ
ڤӼĹžԵĹϵ
ڤӼ壬ڤ֮֮ԳһϵĴκ飬ŻԵ˺˺ģҪԪ;
һˣݽߣԪή̫ϾĹ棬ҲڤӼˡ
һΣҹϹ̫Ϲ澿ʲôֶδڤӼ̫Ϲ棬Ŀǰö֪
̫Ϲļ룬ķ˥ٶȡȷ˲١
Ȼֻ߸ˣȴѾ൱ʮ̫Ϲɵ˺ˡ
Ҳ˵ȥ֮ڣ󣬾ͻᱻĥ𡣵ʱƬ֮ϣе飬ֱӱ¶Ⱥֲ̫Ϲǰ
ԴˣӢǱߣи߲ͼҪЩ̫ϹԳĴ
Ļ٣ػ뿪û֪δʲôΪʲôҲܷɼŽһģͬ˿־δ֪أӢ˵ĸ߲㣬ͬҲҹϹһʿ
ҹҹ޷˵ϣֹꡣ
գʧˡ
̫ϹȻû˶֣ȴûκ˻Ӧһ仰ûһ䡣ɴӡ
Ӣ˵ĸ߲ʿƤĥƣ˵һѻҲûܴõһֵĻӦ
ʿֻε뿪
ȥ֮»㱨
֮ûһֱ֮׳Ӣˣ
ķչ
⣬ǳľߣ
νİķչɾֻзչһ㡣
չõĿģҪӢ˱øǿ
ʮսήӽӢߣõһŲ
ƸȻض˵ǵĲƸھͨ磡
˾˵ĲƸǲ˲ţЩǾӢϲģ
ûκμɻ䣬ֱӽʮЩ˲ȫң»
ֶμΪ̣˳󡣸ûһķ
ΪЩʮ˲ҲȫһǵĵطѡֻоӢˡ˾Ӣ֮󣬲Ҫ̫ãͻףӢˣʵֻһ
ˣǳ
ÿһԱԵõɣԽسӵͬҲ뱣־Եķӡ⿴ȥƺЩìܣ֮󣬺ܿͻסⲢìܡ
ھӢУÿһԱžԵϺɵġֻҪ֯ͱ뱣־Եҳϣ
ѡ˳˳֮󣬾Զлˡ
֯УԵĺģ
û֮һ
ԣЩӢ˵ķչٶȣÿ궼һµı仯
̫Ͼ֮µ棬ǣѾ޵еˣ
Ӣܲ
档
ңٶط󻤳֡ȫԸߵҲûκ̫ϾĹ棬ܽʶ͸ط
űɺˣһ顣
ǾԵĺģűɺ裬ǿұۣ
һ꣬˴˼䣬ܱ־ԵΡ
˼ǣ壬пڤӼ壬ȻһᣬڤӼһٹƣű΢΢üųԵЩǣ᲻̫һ㣿
ǰĻ᲻ἤŭڤӼϲɺҲЩĴǡ
ڤӼ壬һŵȻ̫͵ˣ͵ܶʱʶİǸˣ
һ壬һֱبȫһ¡˵ҲǵҪ˽𡣡
Ƕűͷһô꣬һʲôӣȻ˽⡣
˵һΣڤӼ̫ϹͻȻҶҸ﷢𹥻ԲǱҹҹ޷ȥġ٣ҲǱ򶯵ģ
űͷǣӦҪΪͨĵһ壡
ɺҲһѵĻˣʧȥᣬǾҲûˡ
ڳ˶űɺ赣ǵģȴھͿʼڤӼĻ᲻̫ϹŭӶתͷԸӢˡ
ЦЦ£⼸㿼һսԽǶȥڤӼ;Ӣ֮䣬һսǣһֱĵ͵ڶˣǾãǿһֱ͵ȥ𣿡


1711 ڤӼ
ȫҡͷҲڤӼ岻һֱ͵ȥϾֻҪǸߵȼ飬ͻһôͻᱬǲġ
ڶǹڤӼ壬ԼҸѹڤӼ̫ϹĴɵһŭġҪôͷԮҪôֻڤӼ屻Ǹ
Ҫī˼˵ĺֱӡ
Źűɺ裺£ҹϹ̫Ϲ棬ڤӼ̫Ϲ֮䣬һŶӣ٣֮һЩ
űɺ趼ܴȴЩãȻĿų
͵룬ҹҹ޷ˣѾӢˣǵ֮԰ɣ
˵ͷ
˵Ȼ˵ڤӼ̫Ϲ棬᲻ѹ
űɺ۾ȫЩƺ׳ˣ
Զֻκˣѹġ
ôûκζĻڤӼ̫Ϲ棬Ƴ֮ʮа˾ţƽӢˣС⣬ǲŹġǸʱҹҹ޷ˣҲֻܴݺѪ̣϶ǴһЭ顣ƷЩˡ
Ŀ䵽ϣڿʼڤӼ壬һʱģ̫ϹܳԸǡΪڤӼǿһӲͷûôô򡣡
ԣűͷ˵
ôǵľٶ͵ǵڤӼ̫Ϲ棬ҪƽĶ߾ӢˣѾǲˡ˵ȻҪӢˣҹϹλ϶ǲӦģһ֮䣬ȻδǱ߽ΡҹϹλڤӼλ֮䣬б뷭ɡ
Ѿˡɺ迴ųڻȡ
űҲͷųĵȷڻȡӸ˵ҪųīУΪҲīңЩ飬ܹȻ˵ڰ塣ʵϣҲǾӢ˵һԾȡ
û̫ϾĴвôӢ˾ͽͨУǿһ
ûа취ͨУЩ̫Ϲڡ
ǡ
űţһǿҵĵǣīܹɴ̤뵽ǸȥĻ۳壬ǾӢˣŻİȫŻİѵеΣգ
ȻĻԽ󣬾ԽױЩϣΣճ̶ȣҲԽߡ
Ȼˣô¾ô˵ˡűҲһ൱оϵˡ
ɺ裬Գ֧֣ǴﵽƴӵĵزңǴһʼһֱ죬Ѿ̫ˣ
ûԼҲзǳ˼롣ÿһΣѡֳ֧
ī꿴ɺԳǳһ֡
Ļĵһꡣ
һ춯صĴսһֱޱȵ͵ڤӼ彮չ
ⳡս򣬾ݾӢ˵Ľġ
С̤ڤӼĽ򣬽⵽ڤӼӵܰ͵ϮʮӢ˵ľԱǺܷŭΪǲڤӼġҪۣɳ˴ӣ޵ֱӳֹ֮£ֻѡ񻹻ϾӢ˵ĳԱû˻
ڤӼǱ߸ԭȴȫ෴
ޱȷŭǳķŭ
Ӣ˵˼ֱ޳ܵ£ǹڤӼĽȻжڤӼӵ֣ܳɱٶ֮Ѿ뵽ڤӼ߰Ľ֮ڡǵĴһʮˣǾһ֧ţǳģֻڤӼھ֮󣬶Էǣֱӷ˿ֲĹڤӼ嵱ȥսʿ£κһ嶼顣ǱͨеѣСľӢˣ
˫Ǹ˵˭Ҳð벽
ʵϣͨеЩ壬Ҳܲµһԭ
Ӣ˸֮һֱά൱õĹϵѾʲôܡ
ͨ˵оųϵˣǲ»ᷢչʲôزġ
ΪķھӢеģ
Ӣ͵ɾ֪ˣľӢˣɲֻʮĵճӵܣвͨӵܣ
˵ȥӢˣһͨмӵܣͬɵӴ
֯УǡǡһڤӼ˶ûУ
£ҪڤӼߣǲŽй¡

ڤӼ̫Ϲ棬ȫɫȻԼʵģɾӢ˵϶Ҳ
ǰҪĵĻڤӼ϶ҲҪУ
ǶԾӢ˿ν˲ͺ
ҹϹ̫Ϲ棬Ҳȫһֲû뵽Ӣ˵ĵӴ̶ֳȡƫƫģȻԾӢ־ڱصãʵϣǶֹĿȴһ㶼ûеģ
Ҳ˵ӢʲôʵһϵûУ
ҹҹ޷ˣȫƵҪѪĸоп˵ڤӼ̫Ϲɫ֪һ屻ƣڤӼ̫Ϲ棬ȻԾӢ˶֡
ǣӢˣѾǵ֮ˣ
λ֪һǵ˼ӢˣƱҪһڤӼ̫Ϲҹҹ޷˵
һڤӼ̫Ϲ˵Ǽȥ׼ȥһΡһˣԽӢ𣡡
⻰Ҳ㲻жôţȷʵʵġ
ҹ˵֮ƣ뽫˭ᰲģ
֣ǰѷƥĵһȺ̫Ϲ˾޴ѹ
ī֮ǰսǵķ֮Ѿóۣӵи̫ϴһսʤϵ忪
ֽۣЩ˸еĿ־塣
ˮͺǱߣʮ̫Ϲ涼أ
Ȼ棬ûκˣСǵʵ
ԣǲ֮ǰͽͨĸֺֻáһ죬Ȼһ޴Ļҡ
ڤӼ棬ȻҲԣǾзŭɫҲޱȣȴûгԷֻǵУȴѾӢˣ˱ɱС
Ǳɯ̫Ϲ棬޶ԣĹ
ǵУʲôģѾˡֻŽīɱ
ȻߴԴͲϣһʱ䣬Ѿˡ
Ļһꡣ
ڤӼһܣ
ӢߣȻҵ˿ڤӼڤӹķʽƳķ䷢ȥ
һսڤӼǱߣȻʧʮսʿ
һս¡


1712 ī
žӢ˵Ĵʤͨ磬ȫһθܵ֯ǿû˸ǵڤӼ壬Ǽֱһ·ƣ
ȻڤӹǶҵ˿ƵֶΡ˸е˼顣Ҳ£˾Ӣ˵Ǳ֯棬ͨйӢ
Щ˵УȻû̫Ǹεġ澳ľͷȴ಻ʤ
ͬҲкܴһִӸķ顣Щ飬ͬ츳׿ĸǼ֮
һ֯棬õգЩϲרеʿǾһкʹ⣬ޱȾ˵ģκһҹ壬ԱȲ˵ģ
࣬д£
ǾӢˣ
ڤӼ屻Ľڽڰˣһʼ̫ϹѯʣĵıʾһȺɳܵߡڣѾʼ̫ϹԮˣ
Ϊ̫Ϲ滹ôڤӼǿĹ壬Ļ٣
ȻκڤӼ˶Ը⿴ġ
ߣǷѾԵɶȻڶھͽⷨƣȷʵѾϣ
ʱǵе뿪һôĽƵʣֱӾͻᷢ޴ı仯ֱӻᵼ֮ǰŬһ̣һ
ΪǴ޸ģ
һһڣ౻ƣôֱӾͻῪʼ޸
ֳ棬ڳ߸ˣ˵ʲôԸ⿴ġ
ԣԼеԮڤӼ̫Ϲȫһǣټһ£ʵڲУ䣡
ǵģ̫Ϲ濴Ӣ˹ڤӼ壬޷ǾΪǵͳελͬʱҲҪڤӼҧһ⣬ȡ档֮⣬ʲô˼
ԣǿоɣ
飬Ȼ⵽ڤӼи߲ľܾ
ûԼܾ˹Ľ顣˵ǹжôӲĲȫָӲĺսӵĻҲܵ͵ôԪ
Ѿúǵͷ䣬ԷҲԲֹͣǵĹ
ڣӢ˵ˣǳڤӼģǵͷ䣬ûκ壡
ԼеһڤӼ̫Ϲ˵УұҪȥһˡҲҵļ屻
ҹ޷˵ôܻᱻȱ˵û㾫ӢڤӼʲôôҪģ޷Ǿ档ҪûڤӼĻӢ˾ԻʧޱȲء˵һǧ˰ٵ飬κһǵˣȥ˫ûʲôޡ
ҹ޷˵ģҲ˾˵Ĺ۵㡣ʵϣڤӼ̫ϹԼ棬ʵҲôģ
޷ӼзϢЩˣ侳Ǳ߷ʲôˡڤӼ̫Ϲ棬Լҵļ߲㣬һѱ飬ڲƭǻȥ
Ϊֽûܹܡ
£ڤӼ̫Ϲ棬ֱӾͲ˾޴ìܺͳͻ
ǶԳֵĿģǷҪڤӼ壬Ϊͨǿ塣ȡмֵ棡õԴ
Щ飬
ƾܽЩȫǸͲܣ
ԣڤӼ壬õһߡ˵һȣҲΪ
ûȣǲ·ȳ⣬Ǹû취·ˣ
ΣҲıڤӼ̫ϹĹʶ
ڷ˶ԳĹôҲڷ֮ǰһٶŬǵڷ˳ưµΨһᣡ
ͬʱɯ̫Ϲ棬ҹҹ޷ҹϹ̫Ϲ棬Ȼǲϣκһ뿪ġԣԭͳƲжôŽȹ̵Ŷ֮䣬ģѾʼѺۡ
Ļһʮ꣬ڤӼĽѾӢӲƽ֮һͬʱڤӼľţȴ˽ӽһ룡
Ҳ˵ڤӼѾһ룡
Ѿһٽˣ
ǳΣյһٽ㣬Ǽȥôǿò˶꣬ͻ᳹ױ
ΪӢߵʧʮ֮һ
ֱȥƺЩšڤӼ塭ûô¡
ʵġ
ڤӼ壬Ȼܿ£
ֻǵڤӹӢҵƽֶΡͬʱӢߵʿһǶսٿڤӼߣǵʿȻͬǿ󣬵սⷽ棬ȴҪȼ
ۺ˳˽־档
ڤӼ壬ڽڰˣӢˣơ
Уұ뿪һڤӼ̫Ϲ濴ѾƵķҧ˵
˵ʲôԼѵҪⷨ໹ܼʮ꣡ȫ£Ҳʮ꣬ⷨͳױˣ˳壬ɱ˳ī˻õĺô޷ģǱˣʮеһԴڳīеģҹ޷ŭڤӼ̫Ϲȵ
ʱ˿̣īڷ档
ѾչغܶˣĻһһʱˮŮīʱعһΣīһֱ鲻Ųʡ
һŮȡͮˮһкг
ӳãͱīϣֱӷӡˣȻ󣬲ؽ˲統С
һҵʱԼĺӾЩ顣
ˮȻʮֲᣬȴҲףǶǺı
ԣļ֪īк֮⣬ˣ֪ƬϣѾ˼̳ˣ
ͳͮĴڣһܡ
󣬳īʼչأֱųأ̵ʱ䣬˽Щ귢֮󣬳īϣ¶һĨЦݡ棬ЦݵУ
߸ˣˮͳ֮䣬ݺһ
ΪǷ£ͲӦʱ⡣ʮ̫ϹȥҲҪҡôͱƣ
Щˮںͳͨϵ֮󣬹¶
Ҫȫ˩Ӣ㹻ʱ䣬ڤӼϵ
߸ֻҪ뿪κһ÷лָˮҲĵ߷ķȼʣµ˾
ǶĵƿأѾǵľ硣߸̫ϾĹ棬ȫŪڹ֮䣡
īγأ뿴չʲô̶ˡ
µֽǳ⡣
Щıչأóīһ磬ѾﵽǸٽ㡣
޷ٴһˣ
Ѿȫ׼Ҫ̫Ͻ٣
ڶɽ֮ǰīҪ߸϶ݺϷŪһ
ãܽǸɵǾˡ


1713 ̫
ԣīȫ׼ֱ֮ڷ֮ϣһţȻһ˳
̫ϾĹ棬֪ޱǿ󣬾ڳīǵţһ˲䣬˵ʶ˲˳ī
Ȼҳ
㾹Ȼˣ
Сܣ
ζȥˣ
ԭھìеڤӼ棬һȫˡԳīһɸм֮飡
̫лˣ
Ҫǳīһޱʹ࣬ҪһѡǷ壬Ƿ
ڣҪˡ
īȻԼ֪˳
Ƿָ
ַˮ֮⣬֪īѾأ뿪˷
ˮŻˣһֵͨеľľ󣬲֪īҪʲôʶʣӰ쵽ī
īǺһЦȻֱӳźķٶߡ
СˣһǺˣƽܣ
ԣǺˣȻļˣҪߣ
С£㻹·𣿡
̫ϾĹ棬һȫޱܣӳųī׷Ϲȥ
ڤӼ̫Ϲ棬Ҳޱŵĸ֪еЩ߲㣺ģǺܿͿԸϻȥӢˣȽ֮
ϢҲڤӼǱޱܣ˻С߳þӢ߳˲Сʧ
ĴϣڤӼ壬ȻھԵơǵ棬Ѿˣ
ΪѾ˵ˣܿͻ
һȣңңڡ
ȴ˵īһֿ쵽˼ٶȣźķš
̫ϾĹ׷ᣬٶȣͬ쵽˼飡
СʵȻǿٶȣȻﵽ˸һĲΣҹЩ𾪵˵
ܲ˵ģۡҲҹ޷ҧ˵
ֻҪ뿪ֻʣһ·ˡһɯ̫ϹһɭȻ˵
ǵеһˣһڤӼ̫Ϲ˵
ɯ̫Ϲ棬ɫȴ΢΢һǡûˣ
һϣһĳīǶûܽīɱġʤĶûУ
ûиīˣԶ֪īǿͿ֮
ȻֻǾ˵ġ
СķôǺǱߣҹܿͷЩԾ
Ų·˰ɣ̫Ϲ棬ҲȫڷķӡУͳȥҹ޷Ϊ˵
᲻һȦףɯʼüͷڳīϳԹˣԳīľ衣
ȦףǻŲ·ǸܣΪ̫ϹһڤӼ̫ϹЦңѵôڼ֮أһѷ죡
˵һ漴ȫѹīȻҪӽҵȥ
ֹ
һȥ
һӽҵأǾҲץˣ
ҵصѷ죬̫ϾĹҪͨҪĴۣԣǲȥһҪס
̫Ϲ棬ܿǿʼϧĸĵͷҲҪסī
īķ򣬾Ǻķ
˵֮ҲҪīߵ·ߣǺص·ߡ
īٶ̫죬̫ϹȫѾȫȴȻûǸī֮ľ롣ʼձǶξ롣
ξ룬̫ܽܽϾĹ˵Ǽ顣
ȻǾͿųīںصϿգͣ
Ҳһգ۵Ĺ̫Ϲ棬ͷֱ߸λֱӽīΧڵС
ҹһĿųīС㵹Ǽܰôأ
ҹ޷ҲһЦĿųīܵΪú̫Ϲ棬ôģ
ɯʼ˵ī֮أ
ɯһ̫Ϲҧ˵ؽ飡
īһЦһ䣺𣿡
ڤӼһ˵Ӧ˵浹ù֪С
īĿһڤӼ̫Ϲ棺ʲôˣҸг𣿡
ڤӼ̫ϹЦڤЦСѵ㲻֪̫ͨϹĳô
治֪īƲƲ죺ҵĳˣֻʮе̫Ϲ棬ôչҪҵĳˣǲˣ
ޣڤﱻīòᣬųīҲԼĵУҪԼ
īĵͷҪġ
ȥɣڤֱ̲סˣ
һֲĹȻī
ĳ֣Ҳֱ̫Ϲ档ǵУԳīȫǺ֮ǣ޲ܽ䳾
ߵĶȻѾ˱ڷе̫Ϲ档
ǱⷨУеļӵܣҲȫǣѾ˵ءˣǸ֪澿ʲô顣ۿųī߸̫ϹΧס
̫Ϲ棬ȫޱȼӯˣ
ǶǿûΪ̫Ϲ棬һ̬ǻ׼ʱ򣬺֦ڡֻҪīܱԸ
¡¡
Ƭ񷣬ֱӱˣ
˲ͽī֮ظû
īӰһӳڸߵĲ֮ۡѾͨ·
ǵıݣɢǿΣȴһ־޴ѹȸС
̫ϹһգȻ׼ȻеԽܡһԼδ˴ݱܿī̫Ͼ磬ôģ
˲û٣ǿīûлѽⳡɱ֡
һ˲䣬УͻȻһ¿µϢ
˵ˣ汻ڷе̫Ϲ棬ȫֺëĸо
ʲôȫЩ𾪡
ˣޱȣǿѸٽĿֲ֮ףȫޱȷŭķ׷޾Զˡ
ģСȻҪ٣
̫Ͼ١ôоҵɽʱĳҪֲڤﱻŵòᡣ
̫Ͼ٣׼Ȼᱻ˲ɱ
Ⱥ̤̫ϾĴڣҲҵ֮
ҪԸǣ棡ҹ޾壬ųī֡
ΪҹϹ壬Թ٣Լһסǲٵ
ɯ̫Ϲ棬ҲǺԥļųīɱǵ棬ֻŽīɱе㽫֮ˣ
ޣ
Կ֮ϣԶ˵һ֣
䣡䣡䣡
ֲǿųīƹȥ
ּĹǾƥġͨ磬Ȼڣû˸ӡ
⼸򵽳īߵʱ֮ϣ޾̫֮ףȴֱӽīһûˣ
һƬɫ׺
ҫ˵˫۸޷ֱӡ
̫Ͼ٣


1714 ɱ
֮أҲ䣬Ƭɫâ֡
̫ϹȥĹҲֱӱƬɫ֮ûţ뺣Ǹȷīôˡ
ȷһǣȫǣˣ
Ϊ˵ͷ֮ϣԳһƬɫֱ֮ɱ
ģ
СҺû꣡
ٵٶȣôô죿
ǱƭˣСͲǿ٣Ѿˮɣ
ǵģֻˮɣﵽǸٽ㣬˳Ľ䴥
·ڷе̫Ϲ棬һȫɵۡ
ȫҪˣ
֮ⷽأ̫٣
ζʲô
ζǱҲҪ֮ⷽأٶһ̫٣
ֱ̫ˣ
ҪֱӿĽ࣡
λҲˣīҪǸӽҪλһˣ
ù˲ǳīǣ
ģҹ޷һ߿ֲ٣һţīǸȥ
̫Ϲ棬ҲȫīǸֱӳȥ
־磬̫Եͷ⣬Ѿﵽ˵֮վ۷ߡȻּ٣ڶʱ䣬Ҳ޷κǡ
ֻǴе鷳ˡ
ǿд鷳ģȴǳī
СػܣΪپסΪܴݶɽ붼룡ȥֻص׼ȥҹ޷ţֱӳīǱߣʼˣ
ˣ淨ǿƵµˣȫΪּ٣īڲκξģ
Ҳֻɯ̫Ϲ棬жôһǡǼʶīǿֲ֮ġٿ֤ī٣Ӧûô¡
̫ͬϼ٣īȻġ
ԣǶ
Ӳţٶһν٣ҲҪīֱӴ
Ƕˣ
īУȻ˲ش֮£īƬأﵽ̶ȵںϣ⣬ͽٵ˺͵ͣ
ͬʱǳ֮£嫵ǳ֮ͨдΪīṩԴԴϵУʼճӯű;
īһѪֱǿԸӵĳ̶ȣ
ٻ˵Ĳλ˲ͻָ
󣬲֮У
īֱ֮ɫ֮
ҪЩȫԼĵͷ
ַľٶֱǰδеġ
ԣûмҲûм¯ֻ߱죬ɫ߮Ѱһᣡ
Ѱɱ˵Ļᣡ
ڣҵһӰڤӼһ̫Ϲ棡
īͬʱҲ˳īţŽɫֱӳīޱǿĵͷ̳һɫĹ·ǹ·ϣڤ
һ˲䣬͵˳īǰ
Сȥɣ
ڤӼ̫Ϲֱһֻ֣ĲӬһֱһīԴ
ϣ
һѤĿѪɫâէ֡
ȻƬĿУȻ޷޵Ѫɫ
īһֱնڤӼ̫Ϲֻ֡
̫Ϲ棬֪īѵġҪ֣ͬʱһ
ͬɢڤϢī
īĵ̫졣
ˢ
ͬжһֱӾͽڤӼ̫Ϲһֻն䡣
һնǼ
ѵ
Ǽһ졣
Ȼֱӱ߱һΪն룡
ö
ī۾һ־ͽĹˡ
߱ǿֲĹûǶγķõϡ
īն룬ڤӼ̫Ϲ棬ҲһھѪ
Ϊı
īս飬̫ḻˣݼŵĻᣬһֱնͷ­
ڤӼ󺧣һֵֻ
һУ̫ˣ
ÿһ˵ľ磬Ҳȫ̫ˡǶԼĵͷԼʱͿռƿ
ԣ̫Ϲ˵ûʶʲôΪīڤӼ̫Ϲ֮䣬ѾγһⳡΧڣʱͿռ䣬Ǿֹģ
ųīĹֻ֣߱նϡ
һĲҽС
ţīĵȻĿֲɱͰƥݺݶȥ
꣡
̫ϹԴֱӸӷ˼ң
䣡
һĽɫͷ­֮ϣͽͷ­ϡá
ڤӼ̫Ϲ棬ŵûɢζ벻Լô׾١
һûжɽٳɹʿȻܱ˼Ҵֵز
ԪವһӾͳ˳ȥһʵ壬ȻԥģŽɫ֮˳ȥ
īʤ׷ֱӽˡʱ̫Ϲ棬ڴ뵽ĳ֮Сɯ̫Ϲ档
СɯʼīȴͻȻ俴ڤӼ̫ϹԪһĻ
һĻĳʵ̫ˣ
һĻԪĳƣ
ֻôܣ
īôһ߶ɽٵͬʱֲսĪתɣ
˵ﻰɯ̫Ϲ˵ѾЩ֮ˡһĻȴһתĳ嶯
īһΣȴˣ
֮ɫīİӣѾ˽ɫңۿɼٶȣӹȥ
һĵͷ
ɯ̫Ϲ漸־ĸоıŻˡ
ͨ磬Ȼڣɹ٣Щ̫ʿ֪⡣ʣµ٣Ǽ䡣ȴûмôµĶɽߡ
ִڣֱͲӦóͨ
°ܽӹһ٣ȻǾȥɡīޱƽģ·ڲһʵ
ɯ̫ϹȫĺܣûͨǸ̫ϹеĹƾīǵĶ֡
ɵǾȻûκηĻ
īŽɫͬһ㣬ֱӳ
Ȼ󣬻ӵ
һɯ̫Ϲ棬ֱӱնͷ­
ʵԭΪԪܣ̫ࡣټȷǳī°ܽ˫ش֮£ֿ
ǿͷ­ûȳīȥӡֱӱɫֱѿˡ
ɯԪ񣬴Ҫߣȴ޾Ľɫ׺ֱûˣ
ԪԶûǸڤӼ̫Ϲǿԣ뿪ˡ
һɯʼ棬ŭųīȻ˲ϢԪ
ԱõֶΣԱΪҵһֱ֣ԼԪ
ֵٶȣױȵģûֹܹ
ҲҵġΪд˵Ԫ񣬻ξ궼
ʵ̫޳īˣ޵¡
ԣϧһдۣ
ͬھ


1715 
Ѿһˣԣ˭ںˣһɯ棬Ҳ˲ˣ
һˣ
Ȫ·飡
ԣڿ֧ŽɫɯԪ䣬ͱɯʼԪԱˣ
ûһأҲȫûκܵĿռ䡣
̫Ϲֲ㼶ĴڣԱԪ
̫Ϲ٣ôģû˵
̫ˣ
Ԫ񱬿һ˲䣬ͷĽ磬˲ӿ˰ľˣγһͬХĲ˷ӿȥ
ڤڤڤڤӼ̫Ϲ棬ոճһı飬׼Գīɱһȴһȫסˣϵ޾֮ɫҲޱߵľֺͺȻ˲Ϣ֪ʲô̲סһ䣺˰
ͬһ䣬ȫûˣ
ҹϹ̫Ϲ棬ҹҹ޷ͬҲˡǶ̫ˣһʼûôųīߡ
̫ϹԪԱʲôģҲûκ壬΢Զһ㣬Ҳȫûκã
ʱ˿̣˲ͱ˽ȥ
ǿ˺ǵԪꡢ񡭡һУֱ˺Ƭ
ǰһ˲䣬ҹϹ̫ϹȫޱȸӵɫǵǼһƬհס
ܻڳīҹϹ֮ǰǾ뵽һ١޾ĵиݣҲȫ൱Ĳֹۡӹһ١Ϊʮ嵱У̫Ϲ棬³õģ
Ȼˮ⺮̫Ϲ档ðɣʱ˿̣̫Ϲ棬Ҳ϶ױˣ
£һص飬ûҴ棡
ҹҹ޷еĻںޣֱߣȺԸӵĵز
ܹһֱؼĴھӢǵĵ̹棬ôʲôᷢȻԻĺܺãɿԲţɿƿֻء
ʲô¶ī϶һˡ
ֲֿԪԱ飬˭һ
ôīˣǸ᣿
ϻбЦô
ҹҹ޷̫Ϲ棬һ̣ԪԱɯʼ涼ûоȥޣֻоЦ
һڤӼ̫Ϲ棬ֻʣԪӴܣȻܵƬءױģԪһֺɴ˫ۣǹɷɽХӿ
Ȼ˲Ϣ䣬ͱûֱӺƬ
ȫʧȥʶһ˲䣬̫Ϲޱȱߵӣӣӣ
̫ϹԪԱܣôľ֮£ûκܹѡ
·ڷе̫Ϲ棬ͬܣ
Ƿ֮أ֧̫٣ѾܲˣһɻƬء
ɫ
һأһӣͱˡ
̫Ϲ棬ʲô鶼ֱ֪ӱֱӸ˺ƬȻֱ˺ա޾ޡ
˵ĸ
콵飬ȫǶ㶼㲻
īأ
ֲֿ֮£һУûκĿܣ
̫ϹҲУ
īͬУ
ֱڱһ˲䣬īͽӽˣ
ͬʱϵʮѪ˲ɳûγ֡ʮѪµģ˲佫īΧڵС
¯˵һڳīͷ¹Ļ֮ÿһ˿صֻ֮ΪıԴϢһơһǳ
߱췢һ֮ʵѪɫ֮ϣȻһӰ
ӰǳϣɢԶϢ
ڳֵһɲǼ䣬һѾ˵أʱͿռ䣬˹ľֹӰͬһɵĹɵģϵı顣
һֻ֣ī
ѾʼʮѪ¡¯ԼīԪ񡭡һ˲䣬ʱ⵹һ㣬Ȼޱһ
ȷʱ
ī˶ޱȵĸܵΰЩĿǵӰɵӰȻ󿴿Լ壬Ŵ飬Ȼ°ĻصϵʮѪºͬĻ¯
ٿԼǰɢѪɫâ߱졣
īķӦβŸоԼΧʱ䳡򣬸ȫһ
Ϊ磬һأȻݣڱպʹȻڷڣڻ
֮۽֮µȻڼǽɫ֮ȻšŻĳΪһ壬ī
ΨгīǱըĵʱǾֹģռõģЩɫȻ٣ڳīϡֻٶȣͬҲ
īе⣬ȴڸţǳͬҲڸٵţ
ųīֵ̫Ͼ١
Ƶ֮Уûκһˣīɽٵġ
ڻУ̫٣
ǵӰبǣֱӽīһиס
췭ظīһУǿȻ
̣Գī˵ʱǳױסһֱͷһɫ٣ֱ֮ɽɫ۳ղ֮ʱ䣬ŵġ
ӰҲһֱӰߴûжءɢƣȴš
һŻ൱޴ͭɣϢųīٽͻȻڳīϷո¶һǵ˲䡣ӰֱӿǱһۡţŻ˲ʧӰ١
ʧīо˵ľǵ˲䣬һӽ뵽һȫµ
磬ڳīУȫ׵Ĳһˡ
ӵӵķֵͷȥҪܾúܾòҵһͷ˼·ȴһ۾ͻˡ
ٿӰīУҲ˸һε⣺һһķܹ۳һĴڣҪ̫̫߳࣡
˵īһСôܹ۳ˣһƬ󺣣
˵ڽ֮ǰīָоʵģ֪Ȼ֪ȻôڣīУġܺĸܵ˫֮־޴ࡣ
󣬳īӰֱӰݣлǰ֮Ϊһ١
Ӱ˳īǵģϣƺ¶һĨЦݡĵϢҲһ˲䣬
Ȼųīͷû˵˲ɢˡ
ǰīеԷȴɿʧˣٶȣԽ˳īľ

īһΧƬռĳһӸʧˡָֻ
Ƭأ׵ķϵˣ
ͷ񷣬ǽ粻֪˶ºɫĻҲ˺һ޴ƥĿӣ¶һննܵĺɫĻȴڻ޸š
·޾򣬳ʧȡ֮ģһ嫵Ԩ
һУޣ


1716 ٺ
ҺúЩӵܣѾ뿪ƬǼԼ·ʽڸԼҵһ·ȻĻ壬ڽ쳹١
Ƭ֮ϵ飬ûôˣȫҷ
̫Ϲ棬ͬīµȫʧˡ
ＸһƬ硣
īԼеЩţ̫ϾԪԱȻֲֵز
߷飬ͨ綼Ϊ֮
û˻ţ£īܻ
ԣϸߵĳīһ˲䣬ֱ˵īĻʹ޲ѡ
˺ܾãŴнѳ
ǹһǰɺ͹űҲһˡ
űȦ죬ȥƺҲǿ޹ġ
Ȼ޾ңԶϿյĶʵ̫ˡŵһϢľӢߣһӾ֪ʲôôһ˲䣬ֱȥ
Ҳֱһ̣ʶ˵ζʲôΪһ̣ģֻһͷֻҪܹôдۣԥ
ھӢˡǿʱĶ
磬㻹ţ̫ˣ̫ˣ֣ųīֺ䣬ġ
ˮڳ۽ǣϣȻֿ־֮ɫ
īųıº͵ЦأŮأһ㣬粻ʲôҲû𣿡
ʲôʲôŮҶԲҪֻҪúõġıŵˣһ˵СŮڳī档
ǸٶȵȷǺܿ죬ڸյõīһȺ̫Ϲ巽ߵϢ͹űɺЩ˾ʶʲô
Ǿóī
һȺ̫ϾĹ氡
һ
ңͨ磬ΨһӻīˣѾѽ
£īһȺ̫ϾĹ棬ֱΪ
ͱŴˣ˶ҪɵˣֱӾŹűɺߡ
Ҳ֪Լʲôȴȫӣ顣ǹɾ춯صϢһ˲䣬ǹűɺˣƴȫ򡣲ȻĻҲҪˡ
ΪǸʱ򣬳Ҫˣ
һ˲䣬űͬʹ֡ͳīЩϲ֪仨ˮ֮󣬹űȻԳīĺøѹȴɽīҪһѳīҪǸˡ
ԣڿīԸȺ̫Ϲʱ򣬹űѾΪīһѺǼ̫ϹĻȥһҪԸīĻٸסǣ
ȻЩ̫Ϲ棬٣ӲţҲҪ壬ҲҪɱī
īһ߶ɽ٣һߺЩ̫Ϲʱ򣬹ű˿֪īҪǵȷкܴİաԸȺϲ
̫ϹԪԱʵ̫ͻȻˣͻȻȫûκηӦء
һʼ͸޾ңԶľ룬϶һܲˡ٣
ԣû뵽£īȻܹŻ
Ѿ漣Щܹ͵ˣκûа취ڹǴ˿ּ顣
ɺ裬ȦЩ졣УǳԵ֮顣
λޱȵĴ˸磬ôӹһ٣һ˳Ķɹٵģ
ܿ죬ƽһЩʳǾ޴ɻ
磬㵽ôӳģųīֱ˼鰡ҹϹ̫Ϲ桢ɯ̫Ϲ桢ڤӼ̫Ϲ棬汻ڷе̫Ϲ棬ȫˡ㵽ôģ
űɺҲȫһۺĿųī̫֪ͬīôһеˡ
īЦЦѾһˡôܳױܹ
ȫĿųīǲ׳īѾһξʲô˼ԣīⲻڷǣ˵ں˵˵ϣԵĸоī˵Ķʵ
ȷѾһˣ
ǣ˿̵ĳīȴȫκ˵ӡ
ɢϢѾȫԽκһ澳ʿ̤뵽Ǹκ˵ͬһص
Ϊһ̫Ͼľͷ
ľͷ
ͨ磬·ǧ棬ҲΨ־磬߾硣
ī˵Ҳ̫ô£ֻ֪ڵʱһصӻҡ
߱гֵӰīһģĲ²⣬ܳȷ¹ϵ̫شˡҲû취ֱ˵ΪԼȷ
ҲãűɺҲãǶȫûκεĻɡ
ΪҲֻȫ޷͵ܽīֳ±
īĸһʵ࣬滹ء
̫£Ҳ̫ˡ
ͨ磬̫ǿĴڣڹעߵĶûţһ̫ϹԪԱĺ߳
ȷīʲô鶼ûУȻ󻹽̫磬ĻˡųīҪҵطףһ¡
ű˸΢Ц˵ҾãʺϵĵطӦþǳˡ
ɺҲ˵ǰô꣬ڿԳ׵һˡڳٰһᣬϾӢ˵ЩĳԱ룬˶رġ
ɺ˵ţСĿһ۳ȻƤЦĶԳī˵а磬ҸأҲϴСˣ¡ǲҲӦãţ
һ԰һɺ裬΢죬ȴûзǿī󷽵ĵ飬ȫƾ
˼ԣԼԸģһŮӣվ˼ֱ˵óī߸
īȻЩɺһֱͦġҲȥʲôˡˣīɺ裬˵ǵ飬ǲԵġˮǱߡ
ɺҲرˣֱӴ˳īĻǳ˵ڣֻǾӢ˵ĸˮǱߵһҶûκιϵҲǱڱѼ塣Щ飬Ҳ˵ֻ˵ҲȥֶԸԼЩ档ȻĻ
Ȼʲôɺû½˵Ҳ˼
Ǿ仰ͨеЩ壬ʵ̫Ӵˣ
ÿһе˿ڣֱϵļ׽֮⣬ЩȫûмʲôˡҪ˵һѪָо͸ˡ
ī֮ǰڵ׻ƴһ׻ƴˣΪ׻׻ƴУָĶԹȴǲû˭ΪҶ׻ŹԷһ
ͨеЩ壬ĸ׻ƴ˿٣
īͷɺ裺ãǵ飬ȶʱϣĸĸףߵˣܹڳģ
ģһ˫Ȼɴ¶ޱ˷ܵɫ


1717 ֮ͨ
īͷģѾ㹻ͰգǴЩнӳȻ󣬽Σȫһֶĸ壬ͨ統С
Թűɺ˵ȫܵī˵жôҪԳ˵īⷬȴܵ޴ĴˮһӾ͵
ǿԼƽĳԼߣ˭᲻Ըأ
ʱɺȻ˵ʮȴڣҲڣǾӢ˵У˺ܴһ֡ڤӼǱߣӦüֲ˶ˡЩҪôأ
űҲ˵ԶսЩжʿ뵽Ψһ;ȻһöûЩе飬Ҫβܽͨأ
īһ۳˵̫ϡ
űɺȫ΢΢һЩ
űЦ̫ϡ̫˰ɣ
ɺ˵ֹѣֱͲܰ
˵ͨ磬ʵҪô·롣֮ǰʮҪЩ˵ΨһĿģҪǵȥԸҵô
űɺȫЦǣҲļȵߡ
˵ΪԭԼҲˣʮЩӵܣжôȥһǿᣬͷȫʵϣһս
űɺȫ˼
˵ٿǵľӢˣսϴǲһ̥ǵı仯
űͷǣ֮ǰ̫ı仯ˡ
һΣڤӼһսǵ˵õ˾޴ս顢ȫʵķԾɺЩп˵ʵͨʿ㹻ࡣֻҪŽҵûκλġֻϧڹȥҪõݵλĹӵ֮⣬ûԸս
ī˵̫ƽӹˡ
˵ԣ·飬ʵûʲôҪ뵽ͨͨ磬ʵ·áң֪Խ࣬һ顣ܶʱ򣬷һʹ͸
űɺ趼׳˼ͨȫѾ֪ͨʱΣաһͨôͨŵһǧ嫴棬ȫ̼һ
飬֪治粻֪ء
ԣܹ̫־磬ȻᲦݣ뵽ͨû̫Ǹģ˵澳ľͷЩгưԾͺˣôҲһαûзͬῪĶ١飬úģ˽ر
ϵ飬Ĳ⡣Ϊǳʧȥɵζ֪ɵı
û˷Щ澳飬ͨһЩ·뵽ͨÿһѱһͨ磬ᰲô
ʱָǷǣ϶ǲ
ԭͬ·ʿʱ򣬿϶ǻԴͷ
飬ҲãǳīҲãȫԤ
ˣǲ޳·飬Ϸķ羰δضǺõġ
Щͷƣʱ䣬ùҿܲܰȫٵɡǾӢߣҲ¹أκ֯ˣʹ÷ͷȥԶսΥߣҪܵĳͷī˵
ȫͷī˵ҲȥΪͬ漰Ӣͨеĵλǵ𣬾Ϊһˡ
󣬳˸ųīһ߷ȥͬʱҲٻ˺ܶྫӢ˵ĺϸ帰硣
īڵһʱ䣬ԼϢݸˮŮġ֮⣬еЩˣ֪īѾءֻ֪߸̫Ϲ棬һȫʧˡ
Ȼƺͨ緢һ˲õս
飬Ǿȫ֪ˡ
Ҳǳīϣģϣߵˣ̫ص︺зǳ
ȳǸµһԴ
ͨ磬Ϊһսը˹
ӽ̫Ͼˣ
̫ϹԱԪҪͬھʧˣ
ۿӷɹǰųķȥ
߹˿ɵ
ˮ̫Ϲɵˡ
Щ̫ϹǣҲЪЪˡ澳ĳǶҶ֣̫Ͼĳӣǵˡ
ǿֱǿ˷ָĵز
ͨɫĻĸѹ֮£ǵľѹֵĺܣҲЩۡ
Ͼֲʼÿһ˵ͷǸֲȷԣޱȵܡǺǻȷˣҲͰˡ
ڣīһսս֮һȫʧøɸɾ൱ĳף
֮ǰһЩ̫ϹڵЩ壬һӾʵˣװ
һ̫ϹԪԱĺ߳һɹ̫ٵˣ˭ȥǣ
˸ǣ
ͬʱˮǱߡ
Լӡڷе̫Ϲ棬ƾԼһЩʼǵ˵˵֪ܿʲô
ǳɵˣ
ʲôīǸ˵ȻȻ̫Ͼˣⲻܣ
ܶһ̫ϹԪԱĳҳΪ̫ϴڣһЦɣһ㶼Ц
ô
ͨ졭ױ˰
һڰĻϴڣֳһӡڶðǲ£뵽ĶԹīһħ
ˮ̫Ϲ棬ҪˡɵɵİԼӡ˷СȻֻųīһһǿڳɳ˸ͬĵزǡȴΪȻֻĿһеķ
ָоֱˡ
ȥȥɺ˵Ҫһˮ̫ϹȻ뵽ʲôͳķԸ
̫Ϲ棬һ̣Ҳ뵽¡ǵ۾΢΢һϣ֮ɫ
ɺ裬λˮĵճӢ˵ĸī˵ϻģҸǵƶϣǳī֮䣬ĪԨԴɺ裬ȴһ£
˵ˮĶϱأ
ֹϵ˵ת
ˮ̫Ϲ棬ܿ͵õ˴𸴡
ɺ˵ܼеЩ顣˵īѾ֮ͨЩϱҪôĵͷܳͷЩĹһҪô͵ųīԼǡģҹܲˡ


1718 ժ׽
ɺ𸴣ˮĹ⣬ǵըˣ
дТĶˮӵ𣿡
ǾȻҲТĺˡţӦðֱһģ
ǵͷܳͷ𣿡
֮ͨЦЦ
һ㶼ЦһˮĹޱ˵ĳīȷѾ֮ͨˡ
һӰ˭˵ˣޱĿ˵档
ôǲţ̾һȻ󵭵˵ǲҲûϵõĽӦþͿȥЩϻˡ
ܱۣһӾ⻰˼ѽֽ
Ҫīͷڵֺ꣬αŪԼһ㣬ɴĸīɱϷ˵ǸʱĳīܿɺϣŹһΡ
ٵͷʲô壿ǱѾԼˡ̤̫Ͼĳī׵ķŹô
ˮ̫Ϲ棬ȫһߣ޷ǲ
塣
һĹµ޾Ԩġ
޴ķȻšûܽ뵽
īֱ֮ӳķ
䣬飬ȫܵˡϵЩ̫Ϲǡһȫ˫ۡ
緢ʲôȫ֪Ʋš
֮ǰ̫ϹĹķȴǰʱͻȻֹͣˣȻ󡭡ܳʱ֮󣬳īˡ
巢ʲôҲͲѲ²ˡ
ʸϵĶ̾ϢӡѾĴˡûڵİ£Ȼ̫Ϲ׷ɱ
ѣ̩˵ҿǰѣɱ
Ԫȫ̫ˣֻ澳ָųĻַ󣬸֪澿ʲôȻĻһܸӦīѾ̤̫Ͼˡ
Ⱥ֪񣬶Գī˵һ㶼ҪΪڲѾҪǡ
ֱӴųɺ͹űصǵС
ѾĻĵһʮꡣ
һս·ϵʱ䣬ʱڲ֪ߡ
īˮܼǵı֣ۼ֤īΣĳ
Ů˽īĻųī
ǴûĳīϾīʱԵģ̫ϾĹ棡
ټϺͨ𵴣ȻޱңԶȻܹܵ𺳡
ʱӺЩˣȫӱչи˳ˮѯʷʲôȻ֪īѾ뿪˳壬ȴܸо£ƺīйء
ˮǽ¸ѹǸīһߵЩ˸һЩ顣
īŮŵǿʯͷҲ˵ء
Ůӳ͹űе֪ľȫŵûʧɫ
Ѿīö˶˵ĳǰеֿ־壬ҲǾþòɢȥ
һ̫ϹԪԱҪųīͬھ飬붼˾
ڷīŮһѹե
ֿ־ѹΨоͷţܳ׽ѡ
֮ŮȫڳīĻǵһΡһڳīߡŮȴûκεɬͲʣֻҡ
һӵˣܿ˵
һ
ֳ棬Ůȥ
磬ǵĺӣǲǿԳˣź۵ֱۣڳīţͷ˿٣ڳīؿڣһ˫ڵųī˵
ѽǽѾӡô꣬ӦûôΣˡǲǿԳˣˮҲ˵¶֮ͬ޾ˡ£ɢĹԡ
ŮЩ壬һѾȫꡣȻͨЩ󸾺͹ϣҲ˷ֺΪгīļӳ֣ǵҪʤһ
īͷõģ죬ҾǳƬأ̫ˡ죬ȥժһǳڳ֮ϡ
ô̫ˣѾ̫ûˡӦһģ˵
ˮĳֻȳī΢߳ôһ㡣ֵط˽Ȼԣʵȴ̫
һЩ˵ϰߣڳīϣȫıȽԡ
ī˵⣬һһ棬׼ǵЩˣȫӵ
ţ

ŮͬͬʱȻһһңſĻ̧ͷ
޶˵µӣ˫ˮעӣīЦЦ˫ֱۣӽ§ڻ¶˵
ļʱʼдľӢ˺ĳԱų߸
֮ͻȻ֣֮ϣȻһ̫
âҫʮĳأ
̫峿ʱǺڰĻҹֻصǺڰĻУ
еʱ䣬ȫͨʱ䡣
п̫ˣȫ𺳵ü˵
ժ׽£ڷܵ飬ڶĴʿ˵ʲôѡǣͨ类ڰĻڱΡǳȫںڰĻ֮ˣ
ҪѰҵһǳһѣôԽڰĻ뵽ͨĲ֮ۡ
ǵط̫ˣ
澳֮µʿܷɵôߵĵطȥ
澳ʿҲѴǵڰĻһּԸһеķ
̫ʿǿԴԽڰĻҲժ׽¡Ҫժ׽֮󣬻峿ӺڰĻг֣ҹû뵽ڰĻС⼸ǲܵģ
ͨ磬µˣ¶ᳬһƣ
֮ͨ
֪ʲôʱʼƺȻȡ˳īħǸƺţΪͨԳīµĳƺš
̫Ϣܿ촫ȥ
Щ̫Ϲģȫסˣ
Ȼͨ磬ûνͨˡˡ˵۾ȫǺڰڵģû̫֮ĺ䣬ҲûκӰġǣϰͻȻ뵽ԵĺڰУ˭ѹ֡
顣
ԣЩ̫Ϲģ׷Ҳ֣ȥ׽һ̫ŵԼҵļϿա
ҪЩ̫ϹȫЩЦã̹Уûֱ֮ͨ¡ûǶϿ˳ī֮ͨĳƺš
Ǹ֪Щˣժ׽£ǣû취ͨʱֺʧ
ڰ̫ˣǿġЩ˵ˣû취ٿ̫ڸʧʱʧЩҲ˲ˡ
ݱɾûйЩ壬Ҳʼܱߵļ壬ʡȥЩ׽һ̫
̫ܸе򣬴ˣҪڰʱ˻صĺڰǡ
˵Ĵһֱôǿ
ͨΪַ̫Ƿʱ򣬳īȴѾȻ뿪ͨ硣
̤˹̡


1719 ǧ
ʱ䣬īͨѾ֮áң⻹ͨꡣǱ߹ȥ˶ꣿһǧꣿǧꣿǡã
īΣн˲ƣÿһΣ޾Զķȥ棬ȴͻȻֽӵĸо
ɲʱĴȻܾûлؼҡѾǳ뿪Ǹ棬һλ档ʱ䡢ռ䡢ͷеһйȫȫͬ
£ǱߣʲôӡôȥԼЩǾᷢı仯һ׶ûС
ڣͨıԵһ˭Ҳͨ
īûѡȽǸ棬ҲǳīһСС˽İɣֻҪԼЩǣ֪еһȻѡҪ棬Ҫ뿪ȥͨ硣
ŵͨҲΨ̫㼶ˣܿҲΨ̫ˣܰȫͨ
澳ʿͿ·Ҳ㲻Ļ´·ᴩȥҲʲôӦġҵͨҪͨĻҲǾһֵðա
̫ϾĴ˵ǸûʲôҪ뵽·ȥ
ҪҲҪȥЩط
ÿһֻأҪ·̫Ͼ磬ȻĲ֣ҵ·ٻص·棬˵һҲûС
֣ͨĲŵˣѡ·棬Щ̫Ϲ棬ûǸȤ
ī֯ɵ·ȴ룺˵ͨ磬̹ŴһĻôЩһķͨĪǾһѪܣ
Źűͨͼȥôһ࣬죬һ˵Ĳһɣ
ЩϡŹֵ뷨īֱ̤֯ͨС


īλ뿪Ѿȥǧꡣ
һŮӤȴûм֮󣬾ʹɷ֪˳īꡢˮʵѾ뿪Ϣ
ܱˣͬʱҲɷ򲻽Ϣ֪һȲ˵
ں¾ϣǰСϵ֪˼ࡣ
ͺܶμӺ¾ˣ֪ԭīѾˣ
ǷˣԶսˡ£Ҳ˵硡
ܶ˶óīȻǿ󣬵ľվޡôЩ澳ͷĶأ
飬ûа취֤ġ
Զսн޳ҪôҪôֻֽû֪Щ˷˸λ磬ЩԶƬս֮С
īһѣ׻ƴЩˣ֪Ϣ֮󣬶Щˣź
Ϊ˭û뵽һΣīһ𣬾ȻԶ
īѾ뿪ٻϢ̫֮ᣬ̫ꡣ
ۡ
ǧʱ䣬һξ͹ȥˡ
֮£īӳһ·׻ƣǰʮ꣬ٶݲ
ǰʮ꣬ȴ棬޾Ϊʵһ¡
̫飡
īҲǵ֮һеǿߡ
ĺܶྭ㡣˽硢硢ɽЩ㷺̣˱˹£ȥ
ʱƣ½˴˵˵ı񻰡
ǧȥڳīִ˵񻰣ȻƬš
ǧҲԼ콾
ÿˣԼĹ¡
У棬Ϊһһ콾ǳ
˵Ѿˡ㣬棬ѾԱ֮Ϊϱǹ档
ľȴ̫˸еޡ
ܶ˵츳ҪԽĸ磬ݺĳīģ
Ϊǧ֮Ľ죬Ѿɹ̤澳
Ϊ嵱Уڶ뵽澳ͷ
֮⣬ѾλĳīˣǼͳǻڴʥ澳ֻһߣȴԽ
ЩҲǣӵƷ硢ЩˣҲȫڴʥ۵ĲΣͻƵǸ磬Ϊͷ
׻ƴеЩīǧȥҲȫ˴ʥģҲѾΪʥˡ
˵ƬУǣѾվߴһˡ
˶ҪŬ澳Ȼ󣬵ȴһԶսĿܲܵȵһ죬û֪
ϻ壬ѾٴλصΪʢ״̬û˸ơ
ҪȳīڵʱǿһЩյĴУҲڳĴ֮£׷䡣
Ѿ״档
һ죬ˣڻʳǵסֻ
ûѾǳȻڵĴͨķһŪŻݲݡ
⼸ѾΪȤ
Ҫ졭·
ȻܹоӳīţʵϣǶ֪ûʲô
ΪҲīˡ
Ӷȥ£ǻһ龫ֵĿɰŮ
ĳ֣˼ͳܶΪīȥʹࡣŮ㣬ҲТ˳
ǸĸĽַǳġжæܻڵһʱ䣬ص̽Ƕˡ
Ѿܾû˰ɣȻòϣҲκµĺۼ
ţһʱˣѾͷܣ˵Ҫ硭˵⣬ʶĿһۼ𡣼û̫Ž˵˵ҪʰЩ©֮㣬˵һҼҵģúҸżңɱɱ
ӢţޣЩ߰סԶӵ˼һ㶼ѷɫӡоöкܴĿǷ¶üѹ
Ѿͷϲʲôʲô¡Ůǳ磬ҲжԳīкܴźԭ򡣻ãûбǹ߻ܶ¡
Ҳ˵˵Σա˵Щ꣬ǲ֪ԭУôĿռ䡣Ҫǹ˺öݣǶ̫¡
˵˵ҾЩͷۣЩݣȴҲһЩ鷳Ǹ׷ˣҵĸоͺܲܾã˲ס
ЦЩ飬Ҳ̫ܲ࣬һпԼˡ
ʱһȻȻͻȻһӰһĴŮڼͳǰֱ˵ʲôˣ
Ůٻ⣬ƥվͬһĻ
ͼһģǻûü˵УһرˬʵЦ
ҵˣҵĺ࣬ôܸøһ׷Ļ˰ɣ
ոջЦ绨ĳ˪



1720 ͼı
ôƢءһͷϽڵӢ꣬ɢ澳ϢĻʳϿա
ٷ磬ְ֮䣬ȥޱӢΰ
Ӹ£Żʳеĳ
ü俴꣺ôôŮϲ㣬ô˼ô
Ҳ˪Ҳ൱СΪģ䣬ǷȻŮޡǣΪХ澳ͷһռ䡣ǸռУХͬҲһĵճӵܡ檳ȺϲɳԣϲСǸڱܲȻһΪѾﵽ澳ֲ㼶ȴɺḡ
ԴӼ֮󣬾һֱô
ǺǣⲻĸĸƯХĿУһа֮ɫ
˶һŭϱһΣյϢ
ıָӸɴֱ࣬Ӿͷˣϸ죬һХĹȥȥ
䣡
֮ϣֱӷһ
һſµˣ˲˷ȥ·ʳǵĻǷҲ俪
Σ˳ԶľȻѾ澳սȴվҪѷһ
Хվ˿˵ô꣬Ůˣҵģ
ʱ򣬻ʳһСһ֣Ҫжȡ
ϵˣ
ѹŵ澳ͷϵҲ޷޶ԡ
СģϵľͳˣҲãǾɣ磬վʵһеģХһЦͽ֪棬Ϊĵģ
ЦҸѾˣ
ȻδжԸָͳݣȴǼġ
ΪжΪû֣ǳīôԶս˰ɣһ澳߶ѣʲôֵôꣿУ޸ңƾô᣿˭Ȣ㣿㲻Ϊǻʳһ澳ϲô죬ǼҲüޣޡҲüޣ
˵䣬֮ϣͻȻ߳ɢ澳ʿ
ߣһˡ
Щˣʵʵ澳ͷ
վںХߣޱ飬дһɵĸ߰ͬھӸµĸ硣
ڹȥÿһռ䣬ԶġȻ澳ľͷ֪ĿռڣͨԽ磬ΪսڵռгưԣѾ㹻ˡ
⴦ռ䣬澳ͷ̫࣬ڣʮֿ鱡㣬κһʶܹɨ澳ͷܸӦ
ԣڳ֮ǰĴĴ򴩱֮Ⱥ澳ͷһ˲֪ߵ
澳ͷһžɫϣҲ¶ֽ֮ɫ
û뵽ХΪ˵õȻ伫ô澳ľͷȻ澳ͷӦþڵƬռеĶˡ
ôϳҵĺӣûв
УһһӰԶһɷߣһɫĵۣ뷢԰ףһȴ൱ǿϵѪҲޱȵʢ
ͬһε̫ɢǿѹ
澳ͷ
ϣ
һյһ
ǺǣͽԶսˣûϵˣãҲֲֶ۸
һźµӢ꣬һĴǱ
ϣɢ޾ıϢǹǿѪ쳣ģ
澳
ħ
ţǼߣе˵ġһŮӣһȹӣ̤ƶ
澳
ƮŮۣ
֮໥һۣ˵ͷͬ׻ƴֶīŸԨԴ˴˼Ȼټ棬໥ȴһֱеġɲ˵˵ѡ
˭û뵽ǧУħƮŮۻгˣȻȫ̤뵽統С
û˸ܵǶɽٵĲ
̫ˣҲ̫߸еϲˡ
һ˲䣬ߣ澳ľͷ
ǱߵĺХеɵۣУȻû̫η塣Ц˶˲ôͷȫ⼸ǧ귽Ŷɽٳɹġսδ֪
һɫ۵ߵ˵ŵ£˵ĶԣЩˣΪġǲף뵽澳ǾǾͷνľͷѹһ棡֣ܱΪͷ
һɫ۵Цߣһֱ֮ǰЩ澳ͷԶս˰ɣûЩҲΪǿȥһЩ飬˵ˣڲ඼ˡԣŵ£ָո̤澳ʿּ˷ܡԼǾǿߣǾͲҪ׵Ĵ
Х˵ˣҵĳ⣬ѾȫչָˣȴԸܣҡҲٶ˵ʲôˡǺݷã˼һģҲֻдһˡ
ʱ򣬻ʳߣͳ򸾡ӵƷ硢Ľµˣȫϸ
֮󣬿ųò£үүҵںܿ͵
˵䣬ԶʣٴδɵĲţӰǶ
ǽҵ١
澳ͷѾ
Ȼ澳ȥȻСſ澳ս
ϵʱ򣬵˵ˣȻдˣֻõֵҪսսҲû¹˭
ХЦһ֮ǰЩ꣬Щѹ̧ͷ˭
У˸ޱȱĹâ˵ҪôҪôΪң
˵úãǾʹɣХһ澳ͷδҪλǰúùء
ߣһˣȫͷҲҪŵ°ġ
ߵˣȫһŭ˵ʲô˼ǵҪ״̣Ҫͼıֱ̫Ҫˣ
Хʱ̧ͷ俴ˣǻΪһŮˣҺХˣֱЦҺХҪĶˣһŮôܹ㣿˵ţͷ촽ȻżааһЦ㣡ֿ򽪲£Ҳܲˣ
԰ףòᡣ
Ҳüȴû˵˵ʲôΪ澳֮µʿ澳ĳѹƣ˵ЩѾ
սһ
ʱ˭Ҳû뵽ǣħħֱȳˣ
飬ôķϻսˣ
ħ
ʲô磬˫ħ
飬δı
ħĿ꣬ǺХǱߵһߡ
Х澳ͷУΨϵϢǿġȻҪйͷôӲһȥСͷʲô˼
е˼ߣͻȻֵħûôţһħ
Ȼ󣬺˲֣һֲĹд
¡¡


1721 ͷ֮ļս
֮ϣһȻ죡
һεĲҪȸոճХһθƬ죬ƺҪˡ
ϢĲ׾һĴҿ׻ƴֵطմһսᱻֱӻ飡
澳ͷսռ˺ֱ̫ˡ
ߣЩ⣬Ϊ壬˼ħȻ˵Ĳһ㣬ȴȻ䣬ٴγ˹
𵴣ַĽ࣬ߴһ
Ϊ澳ͷ壬Ҳܲˡܲס˫صѹ˲͵ˣ
ۿħȴħĲ˷ֻͨӸȥ
սܶʱ򣬿ľһƣ
ͬ£ľ·ʤơ
һ˲䣬ħٴǿݺһն˳ȥ
־磬ǰЩʽѾûôҪˡ澳ǶԵе򡣵˸ߵ̫Ͼ磬ģǶԷ⡣
ħĵж޵²㳤˵ԼĵжôȴԲ
ս֮ɱ¾֮ħǱһʿҪܶ౶
ԣħֶ֣ϱͷ˲һֱѹƵĸо
һѾּΪܵĸоˡ
һһˣ
ħϵƣԽԽǿʤϵƣȴһԽԽĸо
ʵϣⲢߵʵħ෴ܸǿһЩⶫȴһ̣ħѹģ
Щˣûڵһʱ䶯֣Ҳ뿴һӪʵΡ
Хߵˣȫ̲ס΢΢üͷЩľˣֽȫЩʼδ벻һ澳ͷȻֲֿ˫ս
ߣȻǾĴ
ۿһߣ˵⿴ˣųԼǿƥľͷɣ
˵ţʶֱס˶Էڶʿ˵ΪѾصơ
սˣ
ԣߣҲֻЦһ˳
ǱߵƮŮۣһ˫ӣϣ˵Ҳˣ
κһܹ־ʿ޵еһǿҡ
ƮŮֻ˺ܾõĶʿ̤澳֮޵еԶһֱ˳˳ˮЩˡ
ˣսֱչˣ
ߣм澳ľͷûж
ХҲվûɫЩأȻһгģƺбĺ֡
ȻȥѺХݺݵĲڽ£ȴ֪ԼǺХĶ֡˿ᣬʵˣѾüԪľǿߡ
ϵͽ桢Щˣģ׶֡
ԣγľ棬ȥߣռϷġ
ħһҲն˳ȥ
ϣ
һĨڹ⣬ֱնħߡ
УһХ
ͬһһҪסħһ
ħһٶʵ̫죬ֱƿ˶Էķݺնߵϡ
ۣ
һѪ⣬էֳ
澳ľͷ㱻ħһն룡
˿ڣ൱֮
ҵʹ߶̲סһƺߡ
ħУһĨź֮ɫԷǿ󣬻ǶЩԤϡΪһ԰ѶԷնġ
ħһҲ׼ߵԡ
Ǿ仰ܹ̤ģûߣ
ֻսĶѣ˵ʵ˭Ҳ
תеƻָȻޣȴһ㶼ûں˵ҷŭˣ
Ҹħӵϡ
ǱߵĳϺƮŮۣͬİԵޱȡִѽѷ֡
ʱХȻ˵ҿһ׼ҪһƬռ䣬˹Ȼǲء
˵䣬Զ޾ĲӰ£ɢǿƥϢߣֱɱ˹
ĲΪ׷һŮˣһɱ֣
Ҫߣֱһ򾡵һɱ֣
澳ͷĵϵͽ桢١ȫһǿҵĺ⡣
һӾˣ²ˡ
£ֱִˣ
˳һ˲䣬ֱˣħĸֱϺƮŮۡ
ƣҪսپֱȽ澳ͷ˵
ҪŭһֱӳԼүүķ
ϵƮŮǱߡ
٣ħķȥ
澳ͷȻѾ׼ͬʱħϺƮŮ۵Ķ֣֮ǰİսǸԣǵʱ䣬Ҫһ㡣
ոճ澳ͷֱӳħˡ
ͬʱħ֣Ҳһ˲䣬ȫħסߡ
Ҫɱңħ˫УһĨŪ˵Щ꾭ĶûѧģΨҶκʱ򣬶
ϣ
𵶣ױȵսһֱնֵͷ­
뱬ȫסңã㣡Ҳȫɱ㣡
澳ͷĹ˭ںأ
ߣ벻ħȻ˸ɴУ¶һĨң
ʵħʤһûħɴࡣ
ˣҲ¶ˡ
ħһֱӽ澳ͷԴ룡
Ʋ˥ֱ£澳ͷ壬׸룡
ԷԪȻû˳ȥȴֱӱٵˣ
澳ͷֱӻ¼̫ˡöԷһٰΪֱӻһ澳ͷŭýԪʵޱȷš
ʱͷĹѾħǰ
ħʱѾˡǺᵶնһ澳ͷ
ûһĻҺͿ־塣ԣõ˶еݡôˣ治࣡
澳ľͷҲѾɱϸƮŮǰ
ƺһ٣Ѿز⡣
񣬻ʳۼŴĴʥʿȫһĻĿѡȴ޿κΡ澳սʸûУ
ӵ˵ǳīֻΣ
¿ЦڣҲ˰ɣ
Ʒ˵һԵģϧ
֮Ľõǳ졣
ʱͷǸ֮ϣʱͿռȴǱһ㡣
Щˣȫһȡ
Ϊ澳ּսʽⳡսӦѾ˲ŶԡŸ澳ͷɱ澳ĶԱȣսǿҲûõġ
ٿǱߣ桢ϵ١ħǸ塣ҲǱһ
ǸХӣƺǳȥġΪ棬һ
޳ܣܶ˵Уһͷ漴ȫеĪľΪʲôô澳ͷǱˣΪʲôȴһӰ춼ûУ
ʲô


1722 ߹
˶ŵĸо޷
һȺ澳ľͷڼսֱҪƬˡҪǻʳһ޴ķʳǿѾ״ˡ⻹Ⱥ澳ͷڼߵĸ֮ս˫뽫ϡȻĻ򶼽ش
£ˣȻǵһԭĶһˣ
ʲôˡ
Īǡ̫ϳˣ
˵У̫Ѿʧ޾ˣд˵̫ϻѵ˵̫ϣˣȺ澳ͷˣ
ʱһӰֱӴ޾Ĳۣ֮߳
Ӱһ˲䣬ˡ˲侪ˣ
ǵɴ۾гŵɫ
Ӱôô죿ôô񡭡һˣ
ǼͳǷ򸾶ˣֱȫ𺳵ʧӯģã᲻Լۻˣ
ôܻôӵ־磿
ܹе澳ͷΨ̫ϣ
૵벻Ȼܼۻˣ
ӵƷˣȫһĿɿڴı飬ǶԳīϤ̶ȣȳͼ⵱ٶ١
Ǵ˿̣Ҳȫһļ𺳺ͲšǸˣǳīǵֵܣ⡭ģǳ˻þ
ʳУѾΪļүʥλӻλĳī׾˾ˣкܶܶˣȫһ𺳵ĿеǵӰǵУһĲ˼顣
ǸΪҲˣȻܻҡһַʽˣ
īĻѾҽĹѫáԣǵ겻ʶˣ˿̿Ǳ־Եİ׷ӢҲȫһ˲֪˭
īȻˣ
Ļˣ
ġǻþϣᣬ˵
ĵͷȦҲЩ죬ȭͷ૵СӣСӡģǺģ
īͥŲĴӸ֮߹Ȼħԡ
Щ澳ľͷʱ˿̣еĸоȫˣ
ХߵȺ澳ͷжһֻ󹫼ںХǴצӲͷžžġ
ζ벻ؼʱ򣬾Ȼðһڣ
׷˭ôǿ־磿
ߣһ̫ϾĴڣڣѾ뿪𣿶ңһЩ˵̫ϣҲֻһ
׷꾿˭ʲôıߵģ
ЩͷӺХߵ
ҲҪĸо
ħУȴ¶˿ĵЦݡЦο
Ȼ˵Ҳܶħȴ񴫵еϲã˵Сӣ
īħһ֡
ħ˲ܶˣ
ƬʱĿռֱӻָɣ

ħЦ߹һΡݺݵı˳īһ¡
СӣΪҲˣ
ʦܵʲôʱҶġī˵ţֶǱߵүүϣƮŮۻӻ֡
ǣҲ˲ָɡ
һοĿųīģ
ƮŮȤĿųīѽ̫ϣˣһܡ
ī
ţ桢ϵ١Щˣһһī˷ӡ
Щˣȫü˵
ǳĿ׷꣬Ѫеļ¶У˲ˮʣҲ֪ǰ׷꣬һֱϵĸ磡
׸磡
磡һֱ˵ī
Ѫ飬ǣ顭ҪϤ
īų¶ĵЦݡ
Сãã
ХǱߵȺ澳ͷȫɵˣɵˣֺ˳ǽŵװ壬һֱ嵽ǵǡʲô־嵽ĵزھˡ
׷꣬ҲѾ֪˭ˡ
ī
ǧǰһʱʿ˲˼ᣬһ·ľ磬ңÿÿоսԽսǼҳ㷹
˵ʵţκһλ涼ٵĳֹϾκ˶óϣϣǴĶŵġܻ˵츳һЩ
ǶԳīû̫ϣһԶսҲز˶ѡôţǿ󣬸ʲôϵ˵ˡīŻˣأ
ߣһʮ澳ľͷ
Ǹλӽһ澳
ߵĿģȻǵΪ˰ХŮˡҪǾֻ֣ȺˣҲ䱻ΪһǵĿģҪͼı
Ҫλ磬׵ıǵأ
֮ǰʵѾʵʮһԿ׵Ľ¡
ɳīȻˣ
ȻϢĻˣ
Ȼֹؼʱ򡭡ûð
㻹ܸһ
иеǣȺ澳ͷָ֮󣬾Ȼûһǳֵġʲô˼Ҫץ𣿻˵ǣ
ǻֲַ̿ŭޱȵǣȺˣȻûһһۣ
ѵǾôֵǹע𣿸ոЩˣǲһ㡭ϵİ
ХɫޱȲ԰ף˵Ⱥ˵УΪ־ͲģӦþˡЩ澳ʿյĿģҪռ򡣶ȴҪռɫȺŮˡ
һɫж
ĵ
ΨĵУܲϵľ
ԴˣҲִ˲ƣǳϲһеĸоϲߺջƣŮˡֺĸо
ԣʱ˿̣У־һ
ʲôʲôīȺ˰к֮󣬾Ȼ˹
Գīľ磬Ҫ֪֮ǰʲôֻһͷ顣ԣֱ˽ⳡս
ХܶڲԣųīԼǰеֿ־УǿҵԸӵĵز
ȥХʲô֮˵ǶǺƭ˵ģʲô֮ʵˣȻǰ
ȻĻڵǸ壬ϵ£̫ϻʵٵ̫ӡүЩų֮ˣԼĸʵʵؾصģϵν֮Լǰ԰ô
Ȼ԰ڣǻʲô֮˵ֱЦ󷽡
ڣˣ䣬Ȼ֮ġǰ׷꣬ϣûκεѹӢϣǴݵϣȴһݷϢ
Ǹ߲εĵϣԺХ˵ľе֮ˡΪҪ׷궥Ĥݵĳ嶯
īһ֣Хʱָɡһ˫תһȦȻֱ˫ϥһڳīǰ



1723 ̸Ц澳
Щˣһ˲䣬ȫɵˣĿɿڴĿ֮ǰޱȵĺХ
ƣ˵Ĺͷô̶ֳȣ
أйˣ
īҲЩģɲһġƽĿźХҪȾָҵã
ûе¶ǶᣬһЦһġСЦХʸڷϡ
㻹ҵĸ׳ԲѷīƽĿźХȻƽۼߵЩˣȫֺӿĸо
īǳƽƽҳһ
ϵǹʣ̫˸еѹˡ
ûͷųκǿûչʲô򣬾ƽƽģȴ˸ܵѹ
ǸᰡǰᡣХ£ٶȣͬ˾̾ˣСͲСڣ˵ˣû뷨ҿԶ췢ģԱԪġһᣡ
ХᣬųīģҪжҪҾжҡ
īһ۳˵Ǹ͵ĵǲϴŮեȡեȡǺö
ȻѾܴˣվǸƻŮЩ˵ڵġ
̣ɲ˵û뷨ҵģͳͳѽХ˿гںޣûŮʲôΪʲôҪǳԱ˳ŵġҪ֪УȻһֲĴڣҲ
ûΪХĻκζݣϣȻڷŭ֮ɫ磬ˣЩˣҪ١
īͷҲѾˣǾûʲô˵ˡ
һХһΰ˲佫Ҫ𣬽ƴһĺХɱ
ô죡
쵽˶ûзӦĵز
ХķӦ˵죬ʵϣոʹ飬޵ƨģʵϣȴһֱţ³ī֡ҪƴһҲҪīش
뷨Ǻõġ
һ澳ľͷʿķҪԪԱĻīҲò
ڳīʶѹ֮£ХǵСôī
ԣûκξٶī޾Ĵ֯ǿƥķ򣬾ѾѺХ˺ۿƬˡ
ξ
һѡ
īһۻŵˣ˵ˣǻɱЩʧȥֿˣҲûȤǾҴͺˡ
˵䣬ûīκζʣǾ澳ľͷ䡭ֱӻޣ
Ȼ֮䣬޾
ʮ澳ͷһУеؼΪľ
⾫̫ŨҲ̫ˡ
īȺˣȫ𺳵üʧȥ˼
ī󣬼ͷ޾ľķӡƬϡӡ˻ʳǵｮΧ֮ڡ
лʳǵˣһ˲䣬綼鲻Խġǰƽ˼֡
ʼգûпīʲô
̫ˣ
̫ǿˣ
Ǹ׷꣬૵ҵĶӡ̫ô
Ҳһ𺳣˵ǧ꣬ǧѣȻѾ־ˡҵĶӣ
ʱ򣬳īǣɵĸĸȴǵпһĨͲɣīȻе㷢ᣬĿҲе£ԴʵĵТôŻǣ
ֱ˹īڻĸαͺãﻹΪҲˡء
ĸ׵ܺжĳɾͣԶıԣŲܱ˻ô룬ȥīʲôݵλ
ԼĶӣôˣ
ЩˣȻЩԴӸոлع
ʮ澳ľͷ
ÿһǶţ涼òµôˣϢǹŨҲǴڹ֤ݣ
̫Ͼ̫εʵ
Щˣܹ澳;ѾǵˡԼĿͷϵ컨塣涼ʲôĿռˡ
񿴼īͻȻȫָоƺԼĵûߵͷƺԼǰߣ
īһһȻ󣬿Ʒ硢ӵ¡ʥЩˣϣٴ¶ĵЦݣҵֵǣþò
þòȴոռ
ָоͨҲȥǧ꣬УѾǧȥٴȫûκİĸоľͬոոշֱһ
󣬵ֱӷԸʳǣһ£
Ҫ׻쵽ƣĽ࣡
ʵϣԵĻīӽԺߵĻԸ죡
ˣȫص˻ʳǵӭʹС
𼸴ֹʳīˮ䡣
ΪˮͻȻʧ٣īŲò̤Զսչ̡ǧȥīһ磬Ѿﵽֲ̫Ρϱ
Щʣ£ʳĽԽܡ
īȻĸ׵˼˵дңİɣڶܺãҲѾˣ
һ仰ڳˣȫѣ
ûסٴᡣīҪݺīļʥһ̣֪ΪΣȦҲˡ
һָжһֿ֮вɶƵĸж⣬ҲΪԭʼı֮һ
̫ˣ̫ˣǳʲôӣʲô֣ǿټʧȥ򶨡
ȺУһɫŮӣЦߵīǰųī磬㻹ǵ𣿡
īЦ֣ͷ骸磬ѽԽԽˣ
ѽᣡɫŮŴī֣ȻΪô꣬˼ұôƯѾϲء
ҵãôϲ㣿ī˵
ϵǵʱļСӣ񳯵ľɫˣһֱչϵȻʵϣϵҪıչˡġ飬ȴԶҪġ
骵ϣ¶ж֮ɫҲһصصĹˣһΪҲʥȣϵ¡Ȼֻǻ֧壬ȴû˸Ҷ
ʵϣīһеĵλ൱ġ˵ģԽճһ
ǵĵλܳȻ
īүүүÿιϵأүһȾơ
һ骣ʮ˵㣬øǿСֶ
骵ĸ൱ãŮ֮䣬׽һ˵Ҳ൱⡣
īһֶŮгͮǽ㣬ģһֶгǵܵܣġ
ī˵ţֱӴӲУȡ޴ϡ
һСӣӡ棬ڰ˯š


1724 ͳһ
Сһ൱Ư۵ͬһ㡣
ī֮ǰѾӦˮӽ⣬ҪȰӣĸЩǿ
Ϊȷеˣһߡ
ԣϣߴһʱ䣬ôҶܼӡ
ѽ̫ɰˣСһͳڿСһһ˲䣬ĶҪˡ
ſī㣬ôǸӡˣ
ҲЩ˵ôôģӡǸʲô
骡ЩŮӣҲԳīе㲻Ƕܲµīô϶ԭģҲúۡ
Сһ֪ӡ˶ˡ
īЦ£һѾܽ־ǣʵкܴɷ֡
ʱ򣬼߹Ц˵ұ߳Ա̸ǽߣóī͵ܺúø˵һ£Ǹľ
ȫĵ顣
ֻм𣬿ųīŭĵŮӵķӡҽ⿪˱ţ۲𣿡
Ǳ߳ҲĿƵĿųīҪǸҷԣǾ͸ҷļơ
īҡͷЦ˵ϵ㻹Ǳүүӡꣿ漴⿪˷ӡ
Сһڴлָɵһ˲䣬ȫ˫ۡ
ˣЦһֵļûУ
̫ˣһĺӣչȥҪСһ
ȴͼȡǵӺŮѪĸоīЩľˣ
үү
̱
˵ʲôǱҸ飿
ڳīЩľСǿվ˵ˣϱܺáǻʲôʵģȻҲģ˼ȴѾСһϡ
ͮͳҲÿһЦҪǵʱǾͻүү̻ꡣüͳǵⲻѡ
󣬻ʹеЩˣľƲ
īʼ˽Щ־ͬһľЩȫĿɿڴ
ǵһ֪ԭԶսͷ񣬾ȻһĿӣ
⡭ôģϵ޷ܵĸо
Ǵ޾µԶսѡĹ£κһ˶ޱķ񣬾ȻһȦףרЩΪġ
иʵеʵ̫ˣ
īЩЩ˵ֱԽԽ档
棬Ѿˡ
īȻһˣͨΪУĵˣȻȫЩ̫ϾĹ棡
ѹֽЩ澳ľͷ̸Ц䣬͸ɱˡȫûκһѵĸоԭǸĿΪ磬īͬߣ
ιΪǱߵķ׷ţܶ飬ѾˡѾΣˡ˵ʲôʱԣλҪˣȫߡī˽Щŵľ֮󣬿˵
ûаȫʵ඼˵˵֮ͨ磬˵̹Ŵ顣Щǣʵ̫ңԶˡܵĻīԸǣһֱߵ
ֱҵһܹӵ԰Ϊֹ
УȴҪȺ˸һЩѹ
ī˵Щ飬˵൱ġͨ磬ȻȫͬУīȻܹһӦЩˣ
ǸУȻһԼ
ָоֱ̫ˡ
ųī̲סʵ磬ǸǸʲôˣ
īЦһɰ
գգۣϼ
ī˵һԵġ˵ţīˣֻҪԲҲ𡣶ңҾãǰһԼ˫ֵ̥ܻǽãӦûһЩ
˫ֵ̥ܽã˵۾һ
īô˵ȫоƺûôˡҪȻһԼָоЩֵֹġ
ⳡ磬һֱšÿһˣ̫ĻҪī˵ˡ
ңһŵĴ氡
̫ϾĴڣ
ڴ֮ǰ˭ԼȻܹۿ̫㼶һ죿
붼룡
ȴʵ
ͳиˣǸ֪ģҲѾ֪ˡڶӵľ棬һǧһԸġ
˵ǷʱܻΣʵҶô⡣Ϊ£˵ɿأҲ̫ңԶܹǵ顣
ʣµģǾֻĻţǸеġ
ΪīҲ˵ĺУδؾͱȥͨͨеľȷҪŨһЩɵһԺ󣬾ĶѣѾΪҪء
ƮŮۡϺħЩˣУȻ׾ٵ̤뵽澳˵ֻҪ㹻츳ĶǸΡ
츳ûǸΣ㵽ͨҲͬû취̤뵽ߵ
ң˵ͨ񣬿ܻ氲
ԣЩˣȫ˼С
ǼЩˣǾǵ֮ľ԰ͨ磬ȻͳĽ򣬵ȴΨһˡ
Ǽϻ壬У޾ĵ̡ǷչĸáҪǣߣҲôס
ڳīʱǡ
һҹ˶ߡųī˵Щ˵Ϣپ͵һʱˡ
죬ʳǣȻֻ״̬СͬʱԶһγˡ
һΣҪȥպϻĽˣ
Ǹλ棬е澳ͷѾˣ
ݴûеա

īԭҪ׻ƴģôļҲ˼˼ǣżһȥһǸλ档
Ǳ֪ǵ澳ͷѾˡ
ӭս澳ʿգۼͱīѹˡīȴûɱǣֻԱԪִģѼϻ塣
һ߸澳ʿգۼ䣬ͳ˼ϻĹ
һսĻٶȣüĿɿڴɴīͳһˡ
ī룬Ҳ
Լˣ¼ϻͳ棬͵Լ͸ϻ壬ɡ
ǣӣīżϻĴĴ
һ˶ʮ澳ΪʿǳΪ˼ϻĹ
ī£ҲܵصȻЩ澳ʿ´ģܱѼϻ塣ͬʱīͬҲЩ澳ʿ޴ĺô
ͨûЩԴЩ澳ͷ׾ٵĻڶ
⣬һֽûǸԣҲѱ䡣
ΪǶ֪׷ǿѾȫԽǵ֪ʱأܳǰ
ָôĺô£˭ᷴѣ˭ҷѣ
һµʱ䣬ϻ壬Ϊ壬棬Ψһİ


1725 
һУīЩ飬˦˼ȻȻص򣬼˸ĸһ֮үүϡʦħƮŮһ̤˷׻ƴ֮·
׻ƴߣôķչѾմͬˡ
ī׻ƴ飬һĴ硣
ǧȥ磬ޡҲڳ׵ںˡ
ٷʲô˽ɽֻʣһġ׻硣
Ǹһ޶Ʈ칬
û֮һ
κʿ飬ʥأƮ칬
׻ƴ磬ɣ
˶ԼƮ칬Ϊ١
óīеοǣǧȥƮ칬ȻûгΪһϢĶīֻȥ
Ʈ칬µˣѾ˳ī˽Щӵĺˡ
ΪЩӵݵλ̫ˣ
īͽܡֻһݣóȥ㹻׻ƴдͷˡ
ī׻ƴ򣬶ͬһĴڡ
ص׻ƴ֮󣬳īĵһо磬൱Уһǿϵע롣
óīЩȣ־磬һѾȫ޷κθоˡȻȳīյЩ˵رǿ󣬵ȴ⣬ĵϡ
΢һ£īˣԭһ֮֡
׻ƴµ
óϡƮŮۺʦȻȥȲҪЩ󡣳īҪһ׻ƴȥ߹ĵطתһת
һ黳Ҳס
īһ·ˣһص˽ڵ
ǧȥѾȫģ磬û˹ȥַˡ
ҡšȴѾ
īصƬԭصڵĵطפͣһȻϢ뿪ˡȻҵ˸굱Ƭɭ֡
ǸطѾ˴Ϊޡøȥһˡ
īȥһ׻Ƴǣ׻ƳѾһĹųǡóīЩǣȻĹʾӣ
ר˰
īûоκˣȥתһȦּ䣬ܸԺС
ǣ˵˳ī̫С
뿪ˡīʾӡϣ¥ƣ
ȻھӪ¥ˣ϶Щ˶ûκιϵ⣬Ѿϰһֶˡ
Ͼǳī괴ơΪһĴڣī֣׻Ƴ˵Ÿ塣˵׻ƴ磬ûκ˸¡
ˣĹȻڱĹУޱȵ˳ļҵˣȻǴĹĻ塣ûκˣͼǵ鷳
ֻҪгīƣǵĹˣͻԶ¡ȥ
˵Ʈ칬ʮʦ֮һѩĹ֮䣬޴ԨԴ
īǻһڽһСƹݣȥ˶ơŶЩ̸飬īȻָоԼˣ
ָоڻصĵط֮ǰܵ
󣬳īȥ˺ܶطһɽǰʱ򣬺Ȼ΢΢һüʲô󣬳īΣһš
һ̣׻ƴԭһ޴ѩɽ֮ۡ
ѩɽ֮ϣһȺˣΧһꡣ
û˸ܵīĵīǸꡣ
˲˹ĶҵˡһɢϢһĿűΧڵе꣺ܡ
Һԩ޳ΪҪƣ꣬ǳīڵѽ
īɽϣ»˹ȴһַʽϡ֮ȻƾԼӲ𾳽硣
Ȼ뷽Ǹβ̫࣬ԽԼ˵ҲѾһ˲õ漣ˡ
ûȥƮ칬ЩˣţֻҪԼȥˣЩˣһ²ǳŷӣųīҲ
ȥҲЩȥԱ
־磬ȻΪԼǸ
Ⱥ˱λǧ׻ƴһǿߣѾʥ˾磡
˰Ľ֪ôȻ鵽˽ĴڡʵĴڣҲѵ顣кܶ˶֪¡ڳīΪ׻ƴһĴ֮ЩīйˣȫݵλߵĴڡ
յĳңҲȫԵãǿǸīֵģ
飬˵īƮ칬ЩˣҲ⡣
½½áƽƼЩˣѰҹҲϾЩ˵Ҫ׻ƴҵһ˲ѡ
ܾ˸ǻƮ칬ԼܹѾһ漣ˡ磬촹κˣҲ̫൱¡
ԣЩһֱ
ΣڱȺ˸µˡ
ԩ޳𣿡Ǹ𾳽ЦΪĴڣŲϽҼҹӣˡ
û˵꣬͵һЦˣҸұ֤λʲôӣ壬̼䣬Ʈ칬ֱӴ
еĳī̲סһЦ˵Իģ
Ȼټ޸ˣϵκ˺
ϧЩˣͲŽֻǿڴţƮ칬ЩˣôܰһһĲ˲Ķ
ʱΪ׵ǸϵĴʯͻȻһĵӣѾΧסˣϡţʲôҪɱãã֪֪ˣ
ͷĹ˴ʯȻһȻĿŽҼҹҪĹ
īһʱ磬׻ƴǿΪڡǴ˵еĴڣ
ǧʱ䣬ˣϵӦеϣҲûˡ
ܿ죬һӰһ㣬
һʥˣ
£ȫɢǿϢòҲڹâ֮С
Ȼīһ۾ͿˣЩˣȴȫһ𺳣ʩ
֮ӸµĿŽԾɡ
ЦЦѾûκιϵˣǰûйϵˡȻܷľĲ鵽ң֪һš治ףܰ˼׷ϣһ㡣棬ɣ
ʥʿȻŭΪĻֱͱ˿ϡ
ȻѾʥˣȷǼġ
Ʈ칬Ⱥˣһȫ̫ǿ̫ˣһŵôʥΪ
ЩǣһʥΪʮʦ˲ãȫѾ̤˸ߵĴʥ
˼һͷһΣ
٣Ϊãò˶ãҲΪһʥʸȥ׷ġ
ԣһĿŽܼܲûϵֻҪŪ㣬ҵ棬ͻᳩܶ࣡
īҡҡͷ̾ϢһֱӴ߳˵ˣ׷Ů˵ġ
һ˲䣬͵һУ¶˼Ĺ⡣ˣ״סˡ


1726 ǳī
ʥʿһӦǷŭſھĹôʲô㶼һ£ҹ
ƽŰˣһʱû뵽ֱӦԷȻܹϢߣʥʿʱЩĿĿ׷ӡ֪ΪΣȻĸоȴȷԼûмˡ
ȵ˭ҵ飬ʲôϵ
Ȼе㲻ȴû̫Ŀ־塣ΪƬĵ̡ļϴ󡣾Ʈ칬ĵӣҲܷġ
ǱߵĽһֱû˵ֻǴųīܵ޴𶯣ôȥˡȻû̫ı仯ֻͷ׷ǰһˡ׷Եòϣһص
Ŀ׷ӣǣ¶һĨЦ⣬Ȼܵȴº͡ǣ˾ñһ
棬Ѿȷһ顣ȻѾȥǧ꣬ˣ׻ƴѾһˣû̫ı仯ȥһ
ָоůġ
ô꣬ܶξܾƮ칬Ǳߵĺ⣬ʵһԭ򣬾뿴ǸˣѾƮ칬ˣ
ڷʱϲŮӣֿ̹֮ĵĸоʵѾúܵˡôȥ˵ϲ˵һֵ黳ʼļ䣬𣬵ȴȥִˡ
ԣһֱãѾԷ¹ȥһˡ
ֱ׷һ̣ףµģǰ飬ȴеĸ顣
ԣЦţѾǧû۾Щʪ
磡
ûнʦΪѾǹȥˡ
һ磬ǧȫУҲ˿ʵĸܡ
Ǳʥʿһոеţ׷ȻûбκϢȴʥѹȫûκηӦˣ񾭴ɲǿߡ
ոЩںߣеһ磬ͳ׷ˡ
һСĸ磬ʲôǿ
ԣʥ꣬һЦĿųī˵ڸ˵û𣿹ط𣿡
ʱ򣬳īڿһʥ꣬Ȼ̾һ˭ҵĺӣôôûòһ㶼¡ҲǸ˵ô׷Ůӣô׷ġôشҵģƿڴȻвĳ˵˵ģ
ʥʿһµı鿴ųīС˵ˣƺҲֻме档ңҲ̤𾳽֮ǰԴ̤𾳽֮󣬾Ҳû˸˵ˡ
㣬ڸ˵ʥʿĿɿڴĿųī棬ָоĺ죬Ŀġ
׻ƴʵźܶīĸֻ񡣲κһţǺڷԣʥʿȻųīر죬ȴΣûܸ׻ƴϺš
Ҳ벻ȥ˭ţһǵ߳𣬻ѳī
ʱ򣬳īһ۽Ȼʵô
Ͼ׻ƴǳīļ磬ĶԹѾ˽ᣬҲ͵ˡԳī˵ؽ͸֣ͲЩСӡѣСֵܣԼСֵﲻ
˵ʥ꣬Խɱ⣬ҲǺʵġԣֻ뿴˼
ī仰ǳëʥꡣû˵ЦһֱӳųīˣˣǲײĲѽɫ治֪
䣡
ԶգʱһȻı졣
գһ޵ͨʥ޾Զӿȥ
һþȫŴīȥģ
ǣ׷꣬վһҲûһȴȫûд򵽶Է
ʥֱЩɵˣԼ֣Ȼֿī
ʱ򣬽һ˵Ȼ˰ɣ磬㣬˵ͱʲôģҸطúúһɡǧˣҴûôĹ
īʵ
ţ˰ɡ˵
Ȼֱųī
ЩΧסˣҲȫԾˣʶģÿһ·Žֱߵ˳īߡ
ʥ꣬ȻĶȻܿûе׳ǵֵزڻ׷һ˲õǿߣҲ׻ôˡ
ԣۿŽ߹ȥȻ˸ɭͲʣȴûг
ʱ򣬳īֱӷ𣬴ŽԶȥţͣ½Ųûͷ˵׷Ůӣûʲô˵ġڰˣ룬ī׻ƴʿ߾硣Ϊ˿˱õǡȻĻ类ӡš
˵ţīŽֱˡ
Ⱥˣվѩɽ֮ȫһ亹
ãʥȻһңҡҺ֪˭ˣ
ȺˣȫĿꡣ
ʥʿһɫޱȲ԰ף૵īǳīǳīңҾȻѳīһ٣Ȼûиһʶûɱң
ͨ
ʥ꣬˵֮˫ϥһֱӹǣųīȥķͷ
ûκԼĶͷϣܿվѩҲĳѪ
Ⱥˣ仰֮һȫֱӱɵˡҲȫ˫ϥһųīȥĵطͷ
֮ʥص壬ͬΪʥ۷棬˵ȫôƶϳǳīʱʥش֮ǰ׷ңҾȥȥ飬򣬶ѾΪ˶Ĵ˵ˡǣ֪˽ҾãֻҵɱŻ÷ġͬʱڵĹУ֪һ¡Ǿǣǳī״ӣ
ʥʿ߶µ˵ȻƮ칬ûпȥ£ʮʦī֮䣬ȫźԨԴȴ˭֪顣죬ҿǰ׷꣬ôô졣ֽ硭ҺݺһϣȴǴڿСϣܹһġ϶ѾԽ˴ʥΪǴʥҲдһ
ʥ۷̲֮סһ˰ˣ˼ȫûһʶǸˣͷ취˼ҵǸȻ󣬴Ӵ˰һɡ
ʿͷ¼Ҳһӿˣ˺ܶࡣ
һСƹ棬īԶ


1727 Ʈ칬
ͨ־ƣˣҲѰֲˡȻûĵķǳġ
ѹһӦģҵ˭ˡмʱɣŪԼ˭ȴ֣Ϊʲôһһַʽšʱĸоʵ˵ġһҪԼ
žƣƽ˵Щľ
ѽĶˣԺܶ飬ҲˡҲͨˣӦǸˡ
īͷʱûرõİ취ǻ񣬻ֶΡ
ЦʵѾ֪ˣ磬˵ģҴûгһգҾȻܹټЩ½½áƽƼǣҹҡϣȥƮ칬ףǶǺ⡣ϣһõͳءҲȥΪ㲻ˡ
ī˵ʵڲڣûϵġ
˵ȴһ̾ϢȻһ·𾳽磬ȻѶԼһĶλҾˣǹ˲˹Ķ
ѽīЦԺʶ֮ͻףһ㶼֣ϣֵĴڲ˼ҿûĵ뷨
ҲЦڳīǰһСӡͬҲˡ
磬ڣʲôˣųī¶֮ɫ
īЦЦ̫ϡ
Сƹݲһ߰ӡ֮⣬ˣԼ̨һƹ
ī̸֮󡣵Ҳûбˡԣī˵ֵʱ˵̸ȫͣסˡ
ȻĿɿڴĿ
ʱԱһϣһЩȶ˵˿˵˵ѣţҲҪиȺòãǸո˵˰Ʈ칬ʮʦһã˵۾Ͳ˵ɶˣÿƮ칬ʮʦ˵¶ˣҲҲʲôʮʦСھӰʲô˸ӴŵݰϤͷֵܣţƤģҲ̫˰ɣ֪֮ϣ֮ϣʥˣʥ֮ϡǴʥʲôҾͲ֪ˡ̫ϡǸʲôѽţľ𣿹
ƹ棬ҲЦȻû˵ϻ־硣澳Ƕû˵̫ˡ
īȻʧЦȻŽǻطȾưɡ
ͷ˵ոտеɬЩ꣬ҲֵطҪ鷳Ʒˡ
īЦЦǮеǡ
СǱִһӵȻֵܵطԷȾƵˣеǮ
īվеŵľƹƹЦҡҡͷȻԷ԰ͣǮ
īϣźܶ൱ӻļƷ쾧ʯءǧȥеԴۣѾһˡҲ֪Ʈ칬Щûȥʹá
һ뵽ܶ£óīе󣬾ƹﴫһЦ
һȺ˶ǵſЦΪīվڹ̨һֱڷ
ɫеѿƹ񣬳īЦЦȻóһöƷ쾧ʯڹ̨ϣˡ
ɢۻļƷ쾧ʯ˲ͽлںЦˡɫѿľƹƹɵˣ
ⶫȫü٣ֻҪһеΪʿһ۱
Ʒ쾧ʯ
ôģ
Ǵûм
ʲôвˣҵĿ㰡
һ鼫Ʒ쾧ʯһǧֹģСƹݣ
īγʧܾ֮СƹˣȻûܴ𺳵лع
ƹݵƹ񣬴Ŀǿ鼫Ʒ쾧ʯ飬Ǳġ
ʲƸ˵ֱһ޴ѣ
ΪܶˣѾ̰Ŀ⣬鼫Ʒ쾧ʯ档üոǸԳ˳īҲˡ۾ðŹ⡣
ʱСƹһǵĶòҪҵǡ
öƷ쾧ʯƵķɽ˾ƹƹȻһº͵𣺡£ǲǵ¡
ƹ棬һӻָա
ʵĴЦЦˣǸͷСӣȻ˵Լ̫Ͼ磬ʲô磿ң԰ͣҪǽүȶˣ׷ȥһˣ
ɲǣܵǽһ찡ȥҲءǶȻ԰ͣϰ塭£ǼǮһ缸㸶ˣ
ǣţĲ壬ǿɲˣ
СƹһȺеȶ˵˴š
ƹƹĿɿڴĿǣȻԼǿ쾧ʯȻ
ûԴͷˣúˡ
ƹݵƹǣȻҡҡͷûµģлλú壬һپƲˣһ𡣡
ȴڰǡˣ
ųǵУһľ¥İ档Ц̫ˣҪŵ˵ġûǾƹϰ嵱ʱķӦҪǲЩ˼հһΡǾƹϰ壬͵úʬͷˡ
īЦҡҡͷͨˣ׽Ūһ¾ͺˡ
Ҳѵ죬ܱͯġҪֹˣī
һһҹ̸һҹ϶ǽ˵ī
ЩǵһΣ飬ԣ󣬽׺ˡſϿˣΪʲôΪʲôˣȫ˺ܺõļֻ˲˹ġ
ڶ֮󣬽ˣ϶޾
飬ȻǵʱһȫþȥơȻĻһ𾳽ʿƣҲ̫ˡ
ͨһ̸Ҳ״ءڳī룬ҪһƮ칬֮󣬽ԥľʹӦˡ
гīƮ칬ûгīƮ칬ǾǴ
˵ʱ򣬳īһ鼫Ʒ쾧ʯ¥һش͵Ŀ⡣ҲûǮˣû˸Ҵǵ⡣
Ϊ¥Ʈ칬һӿģ
ԣī뿪ܾ֮󣬲ͻȻ˵˾䣺Ǹİ׷ӣôô񡭡ôƮ칬ʼ氡
ʱ򣬳īѾ뿪ųǡ
ųǣҲδ˵жǴ˵ʵԣͲ֪ˡ÷зҲĵ
īŽӹȥɽ߹ҲһĹʵء
صԭ򣬻ص԰ġƮ칬ܲ
ĵطīϣ¶һ˿ЦݡȻǵã԰ϿȻǵã淢һ顣
֪Щǣڻ
īţȥ
߾Ʈ칬


1728 
Ʈ칬ѾƵꡣɭϣصѾ԰ģ
īŽߣߵĺƽȫƮ칬ЩӡЩֵǣЩˣȻҲԳīӶ·ȫûпһ
磬Ĺɴ۾Ϊȫīʲôġ
ҪĻκˣֱʩʩȻ߽
īЦҡҡͷһԼңʲô
ҲǰʶĻһ䣬ţǳ鴤ſųīѽ磬ЩˣҪǿĻƮ칬ڿ¶ˣôܻĴڣ
īЦЦûнʲôŽȥ
ߵƮ칬
ʱô棬߳һޱ߹ŮӣŮߣһŮŮڸŮ˵ʲôɫƺмּ
ŮһĵȻƽ΢Ц
һ̣Ůӷ·Ϭ̧ͷֱӿ˳īȻˣסˡ
ʦʦڿʲô
ǸЩ龫ֵŮƵҡŮӵֱۣȻһī߿
𾳽СʲôûпЩƤʦǰ˻ΣųĵʦڷʲôѽʹӦҰɣò˼Ҿͳȥһ£ģһ¿϶ҪҪʮҲУ£ʮ죿ʦ˵ѽ
ʱŮӺȻЦЦ˵ȥɡ
ŮһסˣЩŵĿʦΪʲôһʦͻȻôˡ֣һıĸоСĿŮӣʦô
ţģͷʱ㲻ҪھͺáŮ΢Ц˵ü֮䣬Ÿ޷ƵЦ⡣
ŮвţҲʦͻȻðϲϢûмġʲôʲôвҪڣ
Ů˿ܳȥˣٺЦڣڣʦ˰
˵ţڿն𣬾Ҫˡʦ˽ڣԳȥҰˣɲܴᣬȻĻһ˵ʦͷء
ϡ䣬Ůʦһʦ
ţʦʲôʦʦΪʲôҪ˽ʦ
ŮţֱƵľͳ˼ǧ֮ˡţȻվȻ˶µġסˡ
ã૵ʦʦҵʦүҵʦүǡţ
ŮȻ䷢һļУһƮ칬ȥʦҺˣĶȥҪҵʦү
䣡
Ʈ칬棬ͷ۵ҰѾͷƵһ仰Ʈ칬
˭֪ҰѾͷǷʦµĹŵӣ츳ѣʮ꣬Ѿ嵽𾳽ˣ
ʵʵʮ꣬Ҳʵʵ𾳽磡
˵رˣ̤𾳽ģǾ޽еġ
ŵǱߣҲŰ
ȥһǱߣʱвٴҪ¡ŵ÷·ʹˡ
ҲûĸȥͷͽܣϾǸʦͷʵ̫ˣ
СƮ칬һУΪ츳Ϊ̫ˡı̫ߣʮʦ֮һ״ŵӡƮ칬û˸ǵţ֡
һֱȥ֡ӣȥ֮ԿţҲгɳĽ׶Ρľ콾ֲûй
ո仰ŵˡ
һ˲䣬ͱܶӰסˡ
ϱģҲһЩ״ӡ
СѾͷǺ˵˵ʲôأʲôҪʦү֪֪ʦү˭˵ˣƮ칬̫ϳе̫ϳ֮һʥʿˮ
üͷٺ֣ڷܵܡʦ̫ˣ
ʦ˵ꡭ첻µزµģͲЩˡƮ칬Щ߲Ĺȥ֪һЩˣ˵޼ɵ
ˮҪ˵Ҿͽʦ
ʱ򣬴洫һº͵ôˣҲô̰ô
ȥȻӢˮ΢΢һ漴õУ¶˼ɫȻˢһ£ξʧˡ
һʧģдˡ
ЩˣٻƮ칬ǰϱ߲㡣׻ƴУĴˡһ̣һܵıӶ죬һ˲ûӰˡ
ţƮ칬˲ˣĴܶ඼ѾǧûгعģȫˣȻһƮ칬ȥ
һʱ䣬УӰ衣һ硣
кܶˣ˷Ϲ֪ģΪƮ칬˶顣
һȺƮ칬վĿɿڴĿһУȫһãȻǽĿͶһϵǳõŮӲʵ㣬ʦүˣ
ҲһãȻĵͷ૵ǵģ
ô
Щ˲ȷƮ칬˿ѾȥˣֱӱӡˡȻĴ˷һĳȥ
浽׷ʲôû֪
׻ƴȻܴ󣬵Ϣȴǳ񼸺ѾһŰ塣
ǵģ绹ڣңŰռˣ
׻ƴЩ塢УҲܿ춼ˡ
ʲôƮ칬ʼ
ļٵģģšȻĻˣ
ܰɣ˵Ѿ֮⣬еˣ
Ҫˣ׻ƴˣ
ͬʱųǵУƮ칬¥棬ܶ˶ĵǼ˳񡭡
һ˲䣬׻ƴֱӱޱ֡
⣬ֻΪһ˵Ļع顣
棬īԽԽˣϵЦݣûб
̫˶عˣ̫̫Ĺˡ
з޵Щġ
īʧϢ֮ǾͲԸˡѡ˻ع׻ƴ
ǧȥеĹˣȫ
īЩˣ˶ÿ˺ܶࡣЩ־һ̣ȫŵһȥ
ȿīķǽץųīĸ첲Ըſ
ûЦΪ˭ȥīú׽һ˳֤һ£ǲǳīǻþʲôġ
һѩСѾƋO̫ˡ
󣬳īò˵ǾʹΧң𣿡
ʦֻҪ⣬ôаһ˵ȻֳŽգգۣԸ𣿡
Ц΢΢ͷȻ˵ǵģԸˣ


1729 һһ
Ʈ칬ߣֱӾͿʼʢᡣ
ûʲôǱȳī˼ϢǸЩһһΪҲīˡΪˣƮ칬ʮʦīյЩѡ˽Щˣޱ˸С
̾޳̾̾ޱߡ
ǧȥȻδǹīʵ棬Ҳеϰ˳ī뿪
ͬʱҲĬĬףţīڸ߲εܹúܺá
Ǵûгһգܹټī
ǰĴȻ׻ƴĴ󹫼һ˵īϲܻˡ
˭û뵽ͻȻ֮ģīͻˣ
⾪ϲġе̫ˣ
ںܶ˵ڶκġ
澳ͷˡ
ϣƮŮۺħ
СҲħһ֣ͬŮīСĸŮ൱ġСǽīԼ׶һ
СŮ˵ҲѾܴˡľΪҲͣѾﵽʥ۷ˡī۾ģżӵĽʦ֡
̫ˣīǰкк˺ܳʱ䡣
˽ȺˣΪġѾ̤𾳽ˡ
յĲԭŮѾ嵽ʥ۷壡
ʱǨټī޶˵ȻϣģǿģַĵĿġ
Ϊּ
־ԶϣīС塣Ѿˣһ磬Ҳ۷Ρ
˵Щ츳жãʵǡǵԴ̫ˣ
ȫǱߣõĶõϡ
˵īһߣλǳ⡣
޵кˮ츳ãҸһġҲȫ𾳽硣
ǵľ磬кܳܳԪˣǿȥ൱ᡣûиı䣬һǿǳԡ
̫յĹˣīһĽг֣ңЩ˹ͬľīҲھ˵
Щ䣬˵ովһīˣԣҴδǹǡ
ҲһǵĽ÷΢Цſųī˵
Ѿ̤ʥĳٿųī磬λ𣿡
һ仰ֵĴ棬ʱˣȫī⣬ܹͬġ
Ǻ³īȥҴңܿٴʧǵߵС
ߣҪߵġīЦ˵
ܶ˵ϣʱ¶ʧ֮ɫ
һѩʫȺˣȫϣīܹµġҲ֪Ǹī֮ľ磬ʵڲ̫ˣ
ƴ׷ϣ죬ѾʥԼе㲻ŵľ磬ԳīȻ֣̫˵ĸо
īˣЦ˵ҿԴǣһߣ

˲ţ
Щˡ
ˣȫ¶˼ı顣
ƺţī˵ġ
һߣ
ߣ
īЩ꣬ȥĶ
Ȼ֪ܲµ϶Ǹ߲ε磬Ҳǡ֪У磡
Ǹ磬ǿǸ磬ʲôӵģ
󣬳īûиȺӣǽ֣ͨµ˵һ顣һЩرϢ֮⣬ûЩ̵ʱ䣬ͨһĵط
󣬳ī˵λһѡĻᡣⱲӣܸʶ֪ΪѣΪ֪Һˡ
ڳˣĬĬ˵Ǹˣ
ī˵ԣ룬ԵĻϣܹԶһ𡣡
Ҳ룡
ڳľˣ鲻Խѿڶ
룡
ܹӵнһУīֱӵĹϵīȥƮ칬˵ûĹһȻǧƮ칬չǿ󣬿ȥûгīҲûʲôͬ
ʵϣЩ˵ȻޱȻųīڵЩӡ
˵ܸīһ𣬲Ų
ͨǱߣһԴ֮أǱߣܻȡīˣҲˣǧǷչĺܺãܶˣҲʼ漶ĴڡĸδôȥǵУҵľѣǶǵСˡԣ£ϣܹ濼ǡ
ʱ򣬻˫Ȼվųīһ統꣬ӢΣֻ˸źأ֣֪ܴ߶ˣȥǸ磿
īֻҪ׻ƴ鶼װȥ룬Ӧþû̫⡣
ȫ̲סһҲȫˡ
īľ磬Ѿǵ֪롣ôܴЩ뿪뵽λ磬ҲͲΪˡ
˫ͷǣеļ˶ߣô
īͷȻԡ
Щˣ϶ʱ¶ϲɫ
˫ȻˣҪߵġܸųһ𣬿϶ˡңԶδлᣬȥķ羰׻ƴãһҲˡ࣬ΪֵԵʣ棬ӵһݺ͵λأǵľ綼ôˣһܿķ羰иļʶʼظһҲûʲô˼
ĬĬĵ˵ͷȻһף
ߣ
ʱ¶ĵЦݡ
ī˻˫ĻЩݣʵԼߵȺѣ涼һȺ콾
һȾãҪŬŸҪ⻰ʵҲԡȴҪжվվø߲ܿøԶ˭޷ıʵ
ǳͨô죬ȫѾ̤澳Ǹˡ
ţī˵һµʱ䣬ȥ˼ȥ֮󣬾Ҫʼ׼ˡǱߣʵЩûд顣һ㣬뿪ô¶ٴλصˡ
īԼȻǿԵģһΣĽĻôҲûбҪٻصˡ
Цʲô׼ԥģһһߣֻҪЩĺȣΪ׸㵽ģǾ͵ģ
Ƕ׵ѡˣκʱǶҵ׸ī˵
գīеѣȫīһ뿪Ǽסʥҩ׻ǡ
һߣƮ칬ж˲Ҫգ
˵֣ʱͼˣҲҪߣ
ʦɲܶѽץŷĸ첲Ŀŷ
ô㲻һֱ뵱δƮ칬ôΪʲôҪʦߣʦү˵ЩʦǸ˵ôҲûƭġǸ磬δرáһº͵˵ߣΪ֮䣬֡
˵Ҳ᲻ʦ


1730 ´
̾˿Ц˵㻹м˰ļ˶㶼ܺãֵҲܸߡңҪʦߣǡȴ̫׽ļ壬뿪׻ƴ򡣡
˵ʵ飬ּң׻ƴ˵ļ塣ڴǰǸʱֻּһС͵ļ塣ڳī׻ƴּ֮ҽ˼ž޵šһٽ壬׻ƴһĵλ
ֳּһľ콾壬δһƬ
£ΪһּǨߣ뿪׻ƴЩʵġ
ѾһƮ칬ĺѡ֮һңǼеĵӣû㡣ΪһƮ칬˵Ӧòǰ϶顣
£ּҸ뿪ˡ
ⲻ˵ǲī뿪ܻãֻһϰߡԸ¿ʼΪǶ̫¿ʼѶȡ
䣬˲βֻΪ˿ķ羰˫ͬҲ˾Ҫһְݵ
Ȼᣬϲ֣෴ܴܿ켴֡ˮ̲סȻ˶ҺܺãǣĸʦߡʦһߣҿܡܾԶҲʦˡһһ̲ס޵ġ
ȦҲЩ΢죬ϣ˳ī֮⣬ûκˣ赲ڳīߡ
ǺͲʵǣīٻûκԥֱӾ;Ҫߣ
ҲһȻ᲻СѾͷȴף£ԼһߣʺһЩϾô᲻ѾͷҲԸԼĸĸԶֱ
գǾ£СѾͷȴˮɺӣһҰѾͷһҹ֮䳤ˣ̫ࡣ
īʼƮ칬ߣһȺһĺĽ
̫ϴ
飬棬¶ǰδеġˣϡƮŮۺħ澳ľͷ̲ס֡
˵ˡ
Ʈ칬ľ޴㳡֮ϣˡкܶ׻ƴĴеˣ뷽跨ģҲҪ
īҲû⣬ȻиƮ칬һ㣬ʵϣ׻ƴ̬ѾŻ֮ΪĹ硣
īһµʱ䣬УʼдųīϷӿ
󣬵ӿ
īͨľСС
󣬰Ѵ󹫼Ҳˡ
ܶˣȫī𶯣׷߸
ȴóīʼδġ
ľ磬̳ȷ涼
ڴҪΪ棬һӡ
̫޼ЩһһΪϣӣһ죬ӣѿҳɳ
⣬Ҳΰĵط
֣У
󣬳īָȺƮ칬˴ԴͶķЩڣƮ칬и߲ȫ뿪ҲȻ׻ƴΪĴڡ
ī˽µЩӵУҲһ֣ѡ¡ǲǶԳī飬ѡµЩѾ׻ƴԼĸǽļ壬ҲѾǸٹ̡
ԣȻԳīҲвᣬȴ¡
ԴˣīȻһ㶼ǿ˽統µЩӣһЩСǣʣµĴ˸֮䣬ҲûôرСǶԳīģһָмͳݡĿУīͬoһĴˡе㱻ͼڻˡ
īרŸ쾭ӳī뿪ֱ֮ӳ죬ɽȥˣ
һĻֱԿ˵¹ȥ꣬˾¡죬ֱӴ𾳽̤ʥ֮֮·ϣһʰһ嵽澳Ϊ׻ƴ򣬺ʱĵһ澳ͷ
īʱѾŴˣ뿪׻ƴ׻ƴĶˮң֣ȫǨƵġµЩҵȫ͸Ʈ칬
кܶ壬ҲǨˣҪôҲǻ˫һԼֱϵȫߡ
ʱõ˲еȥ
ڳīߵģֻгϡƮŮۺħЩˣһЩˡȻд󹫼
ī󹫼˵˺ֻܶ˵Ϣͨˡ
󹫼ܸп벻ͨȻͨ˵һ벻ͨ˲ţˮȻԭһˡ
߼λЩ飬벻үгһգҲܽ뵽Ǹ硣СӣүһطһܡҪҪȥ󹫼һصĸī˵
ܣīŴ󹫼۾мֲŵı顣
ʲôôɾ͸ˣүˣү˵Ǹطȥ˾֪ˡĺ棬үҪ̽飬ȴȥָо棬Ӧž޴Ļܣ󹫼һ棬ࡣ
ðɣȻͷȥǱߣһ£ǾȥһˡīͷӦ
󹫼Ȼף飬ȴǲ˵˵ġЩûٶ֮죬Щզ࣬Ѿ嵽˴ʥ۷塣
ʥļΪֽȥĵطīҲЩ档
󣬳īصʳǡ
ȻϣЩˣȻ¡澳ͷϵڣ壬Ըī뿪ˣûС
ǵĵλ̫ˣ
۽硢ؽǸ֣̫ˡ
ϻѾΪĻ塣£Ǹûκε뿪
˵ͨ磬ȥ˵磬ǻжĵɡڳī˵֮ͨЩˣͨʱʧȥȤ
ǸīҲûôĽ飬ԣȻԸȥ
ԣߣҲӵƷ硢¡ħŮҶ࣬Լīĸĸ˫ףóЩԸīһߡ
֪ī֮ǰ׻ƴ򽲾Ҫīܺ˱ˡīֻڻʳ졣
죬ȺԸߵʿ˵Ѿ㹻ˡ
󣬺ܶҪͻƵļ󡣲ò˵̫磬̶֪ȣʵ̫ˡ
Щڴʥ澳ʿĵһ㲦ֱӾéٿˡ
īָ˺ܶķԴĴҩмʵչһ׻ƴ
ԳīҪ󣬼ȻڴӦīᣬҲôȥġ
ڵҪһ죬ī˲ŻЩǸһָ𣬽ʣԼЩˣȻȻ˽ȥ
Ҫ֪̽Щδ֪硣
ϡħƮŮ۵ˣҲȫżֺĽ˲硣
󣬳īŴ󹫼Щ˻ָ
˲Ϣ䣬ʧ


1731 صĺڶ
˶Ϊī϶Ѿ뿪ʱ򣬳ī󹫼һδ֪
ʵܴޱ߼ʡȻ̫ϾĴڣҪ߱棬ҲûôסƬڴ֮ǰ³īѾżϻԶλ棬Ҳû뵽УȻһط
һڶ
еһУǺڶɽȥ⣬⡣
īʹ󹫼޾ңԶܸܵǺڶɢǹɻԵ
ôûƭɣطǲǺ棿󹫼ųīһ˵
īȴüû˵вţڶӵĵط
ڶڳīУʲôصڣһͨ
潻֯൱ֲķǳīСΪ棬̺̫Ͼ磬Щĵ
СӣǲǺΣգ󹫼ųīҪǻ߰ɡȥͨɣ
󹫼׹鲻ףȴһ㶼īǧ겻Գī˽⣬ȴǼʤκ˵ģ
óī¶̬ĵط϶򵥣
ʣǸڶ൱Σգ
ԭǺҪųī˵̵ܴʲôء
ڿīһصӣ󹫼ǵģɢˡ
ī΢΢ҡҡͷ˵һ£𼱣һ¡
Ҫݣ󹫼вЩڣ˵ԼԱ˳ŵģСֵط
ʵϣڶҲһֱڵģ֮ǰ󹫼ߣûз֡ڶεʱ򣬲ͻȻطһڶһУսȥ
ԭƬյЩϵǺӡѾʧˡâᱻսȥ
󹫼ųīȻš
īһ졣
ڣ˵ҹīȻۣĿƵĿڶãŶԴ󹫼˵߰ɡ

󹫼ڳһǿʯͷˡ
ĺ³ī˵ǽȥɡ
Ҫ϶ԡһ̫ϾĴڣԥôĵطûʲôԳġ
ʵīУȴޱȵ𺳡
ԭԼٻˡڶķ֣ı⡣ΪʱݣڵóһԼЩ𾪵Ľۡ
ڶһߣҪô֮ͨ⣬Ҫô̹Ŵ֮⣡
һ൱صͨ
ңڵľ磬Ҫǿдʮа˾ţ٣
һ죬һġ
Ϊϵδ
ī󣬽󹫼Ҳͽ˲硣Ȼҵͨ·һȥ
棬ݱˡ
޾֮ϣܿ
˵ļ룬ƬøӲͬˡ
ȺˣܿϲŨǲŵĵط
ǲ̫̫ÿһȻ󾭹ޱʱ֮ͻȻʧе㻳ɳī˵ͨûôãǲƭǵġ
һЩ˵ͬе
īȺˣÿһˣõһҡīԲ뿪뵽塣
Ȼ󣬳һ͸ˡīû뵽Ѿͷʱ˾׼Ϊ£Ӧڲ׹ųǱߵľӢܲŶԡ
߳īѾоһԼˣ
ԣȲĸˡ
һɲǣ˳ī֮⣬˶ˡ
ͳԼµŮһˣȫһӳ࣬ʣٵǿƱ˵еһУôơ
һϸ΢Ĳ֮⣬һУȫһģһ
ãҽг
ãҽг
ŮͬȻ̲סһЦţͬĵ֣Ҫ𣿡
˶סˣЩĿŮ
ī̲סеͷ۵Ŀ˵Ҫһгһһгˡ
֣Ůͬһ۳ī
īһ˵ӵ桭ҲûôŰɣ
ʵҲͦŵģһ˿һĵĿء
ˮԱԼһգ۾ͳ˺öĺӣԹīΪʲôȥǡӶôˡ
īеүүҪӣҲû취
СһҲ󣬶ҶԼĸһ㶼İĸ׻ǳ嵭ŮһԹ
󹫼ڳī˵֡һѽ
īҲͷ֮ǰû⣬ڲŷ֣С¶ͦͷ۵ġ
Ҫ˵ɡ˭أԼĸĸģ
֣ͬŲԸ񣬳һ
󹫼Ц͵ֵܽʵͺˡ֡ӸС𣿡
ī۾ʱһ
˵׵Ĵ󹫼һ˵ģͦ׵ģ
˭˭СҲ򵥵úܣһĳһʵ䣬ȳīȻǴˡôһҲСˡ
ӵߣīĽֵӵСӵŷһӵǴӵҲñ
СӵԴӵŷƵ飬еʮֳԾҲмεȻˡ
Դʥīɱ֮ŷƾʧˡһֱ伣񣬾˵ҲûټˡҲܸСӵǰԵˡ
Ҳ˵֮䣬ȻĳַǳصĹףֲֲͬͬˡ
񽪲¶ЩʧһԼأȴûм
Щȫ֮Ѿһ֮ˡ
һΣīҪ̤·̣Ҫȥһˡ
磬ҸһȥųīȻĻֻһ˹ȥ»һЩ鷳
īһ۴ʵǾӢߣ
ҡҡͷûϵģӢзɺͱڣʲô鶼ûСҪǣ㣬Ӣ˾Զ⡣
īЦЦͷǺðɣǾһһļ硣
ǰīʴ󹫼ҪҪһȥֻǺģҵһЩҲĵط
󹫼ܾˣóкܶϲ˺¡Ϲܼңϻƹϲң󹫼ǵĹϵķǳá
ʵķΧǳãһԴ֮ء
㣬ʷḻÿһ˵ϣȫЦݡ
ҪôѡչҪôѡ񰲾⣬ѾͨеһƬ
ǳīЩ꣬һһΣӲ¡
󣬳īĸЩ˴УָԼλ˺ͺӴСȻų̤ǰһ·
ī̤̫Ͼ֮ٶȱȴǰ̫౶ͽȥȻһˣԲ˼ֻ˲һµʱ䣬Ѿһͨڴ
ûκԥīһȥ


1732 Ѫħ
ɷ֯ɵ֮ͨ󣬳īڳһȫµռСӲٻ
ԳīĲ磬ܸȤһ˵벻ȻѾһ𣬳ɳ̶ֳȣѾΪһĴ˰
īЦŵͷȻ磬ҵ̫ǿˣһʲô⣬Ҳֱӱķǽҵĵ֮ϵġ
ҲΪʲôīȥ׵ߵ˽뵽СĺԼһʲôΣգ۵Щ顣
ҡҡͷں˵˭ұ֤磬أ˵ţųī̫ˣûȥŪÿġԴḻǳŽȥ׺һ¡߸ɴץһЩϵСĴ½һΪһ֮½
һ˵ô࣬Ȼųī˵һֱѰҵһƬء
ֻǴһ֮ԣ˵ģ⣬īԺУһӴһȴһһ⡣һֱûرȥ硣Ҳûرĵȥ
ֻǽһЩǳĶҩģһЩƷľֲ棬㡭컯֮㡣ֻǽ統һֳͬʱҲһʱġĻûе
ϣӦǿһ֮һˡ٣ͨ磬ġ
һͨشΣôͨУܻˣӦþһ
£úøһΪһĴ磬Ϳڹؼʱ̣ȳԼ顣
īŴ˵ķǳеһⷽ档
īҲһжǿӣ˵飬ͻȥԣƬУֱץȥ˲ٵǳһϵֱ˲ȥ
飬Աʿ˵Ͳֲ̫㼶ʿ˵ѡ
ҲΪʲô̫Ͼʿѱɱĸԭû֪Ǿ¶·
ڱϵЩ̫Ϲ棬īҲ˵ǾһֶûС
ֻзҲѳɴֻܹĻˡ
صƬռ䣬ܼī֮ǰصһƬ棬ϤϢ˸յĻ䡣
һ·ϣī˺ܶȥ˵¡Сʱȴһ㱻ƭֱݺ˵飬ҲԳīޱ˵ˡ
Ǹαװ̫ˣؽ󡢸֡ȡǳ㣬򣬶ʢ˵ܶ˶㣬Ҳȱ㣬һʲôõ飬ᱻ˷֡Ͼûв͸ǽ
Щп̾ˣȴûЩȱ㣬һжֵĺϲŮӣκˣǲٴɫʵϣΪҾòʵʱһֱ롣
īͷ˵ˣֱһѡ
ѡͬ˵Ц˵ʱұһЩ裬ʵϣһֱ󣬵ҿЩ֮ʵȻŽԵ֮⣬ûκ֪Ŀ
Ҳһֱ°ī̲ס̾
ǣԣһֱǳ׷ֿҶûа˵ȥΪ˵ˣҲκ˿ҵĻһЩ飬ݡ̫ˣģ磬Ҽ˵УһġҼ˵УǸ˵
ŶīǶǸһЩȤʲô˵ҵǸ磬ҲĴء
ҡҡͷЦ˵Ӧò֣Ҵûж㡣
㣿˵ж㣿īȻɴ۾Щ˼ĿŴζ벻ԼãȻܸ˳Ϲϵ
ɲǼ䣬ī̫ϾľʶУչ˷ļݡ
ֱһϵľˡ
ţ㣬˵֣ЩȵĿųīǸ棬Ҳ
ֵ֪ˣࡣī̾Ϣ˵˸֮ԨԴȴ̫ˣ
һŵı飬ųīģ
Ҹ˵˵Ҹ֮ĶԹɡīЦûҲûнˡҵʱʱȫ˵Ӱ죬Ӱеġ
ô᣿ųīһ𺳡֪֮ĹͬҲ֪棬ȴô벻Ȼܹ浽ֵزȫͬ棬Ȼ˾˵ơ
棬ӵŷ֮мӣֱǵеĵ䷶ˡٿīǸ棬ӵŷȴַɡһֱã֮Ȼƣȴȫͬ
˳ī˵ֶ֮Թ֮׵ı𺳵ˡ
ˡϱǲǵĳ˰žɫϣŲ˼ı飬૵벻һ棬ȻֵܻزӱˣǾ˵ư
īЦŵûнԶսô
ҡҡͷûеģѡΪԶսһԡ͸ˡ
ǣˣ棬᲻ʲôΣīʵЩġ
ˣʱʱͷӰкܶΣһڶԷƵСīѪħ棬׻ƴӡ磬Ļ˵ͬҲܲţķơ
ûµģʲôġгĵƬ棬Ǳ߿ɲһϻ壬ǾԵİ澳ľͷڻڲʮ𡣸ͬ˵Щ壬澳ͷжʮЩڣôҲ˻࣬һʲô͸ʲôûȥˡ
īͷеȴδɢȥеѪħ涡㣬ôôһֻΪһġ
ôĵӣīҲٶ˵ʲô
ˣһ·ϣߵٶȲر졣־˵棬ʵϣҲûд˾
º󣬳īһƬİϵ
ƬϵʮֺƴУγһƬ֪ľ޴ƣب
ɫʰ쵣ʮѤ
ϿȥһֻһԳ򣬿ǳĽӽ
ƯɣЦе˵ϵǰĽˡ
ƯǱûСīһֻӡ֤粻ͬĵ޴ĺϵʱƺõһ˿С
ͬĵطûʲôؼЩ֮ͬ
ʱīȻȲ׽һ˿ǳǳɱԶƮ


1733 һĻս
һ˿ɱܵīЩڴ͸Ӹо翵ɱˣϣſĵЦݡΪҪؼˣҪԼĸˣ
֮ǰīĸĸͳȻҲܺϰĽеչǲһ㣡
һӴСͱ϶ĸĸһЩ֮֮Сǵͬģ
īԺУոյõһ˿Уһɱ̲סֱӷһľ
ã
˵ţʲôһסһ̣Σ˲ңԶС
ΪīڼһЩ
Щ飬Լģ
֮ǰصڵǸ棬ǱߵΣһ飬ɺϣЩɺϵ˵ĵز
ʵϣͬΪģ
ۺϵһǾˣ
ˣ飬һ̨ܵĻ
飬̨һСκһСһ⣬һϵеӦ
һʮ·ϣ߻һѡͬķ򣬾ͻֲͬˡ
ǰǣҪѡֻеҵһһϵеˣŻ˲俪ʼС
Ҳ˵ī֮ǰǱȥԼ˵ĻûжͷĻô˵ǸкХ澳ͷҲһʱ̣ȥ׵ͷŴ澳ͷȥͼı
ֿûʲôġ¼ʵϣҲ̨ϵһС
һޱӴĵֵܽ͸ˡҲ͵ǳƿˡ٣һˣ
īһΣصĹ磬ͬҲһѡ񡣶ѡͬᴥܶԭӦ÷飡
˵īһˣôеЩˣͬ澳ľͷڣͼԶûл뿪ˡ
ΪûˣԶսȻҲͲٿˡ
һ죬ֲ̫Σл뿪
ڳīŴˣ˵ǵһֱӸı̫顣ڸıռ䣬ȫʷ̡ռġˡһȫµĹյ㣬ֱһ
ִ飬һϵӦһЩ֪飬Ҳˡ
˵еɺϣʵһֱȻ
Ͳ֪ʲôֱӱīţ澳ΪӲǼ˼ʱ䶼ûУεģҪһ·ʲôīɢǹǿֲֿĳûа취˵ڣ
īɢǿƥĳɳĲ˲䳯ռӶȥ
һɵɱڳīֳ͸ٵĽӽУԡɱԴͷǱߵġ
Ϊ˿ҲѾܵһɱɱͬһѱַĵͷ
ʱƬռСһޱȲпɱ¾Ӱн֯ս˫޾ĸ֮ϣһֱĴ½֮ϡǻսĳ档
֮ϣȫһȺ澳ͷսѾƬֱӸˡ
˫Ѿȫɱۣ£ûκˣܽǷֿ
Ȼ䣬һɱϢѹϿգָоһεγһž޴ֱӽȺɱˣһ򾡣
˵ͷȫһɲӿһǿҵĿ־Уʶģ޾ңԶķȥ
һ˲䣬Ȼǿѹڳ֡
һӢ꣬Ҫε֮һĺˣս;磬ѾԽЩ澳ľͷҪ뵽һ
̫ϣ¾֮ǰĳīһֻôһ㣡
ǳʣҲһǿҵݳһϢκû塣ϻ壬ʩ̫ŭԹ飬Ƿµ̫ȻҶļϻ𾴣ĺˡȴ̫Ф֤ȷ䡣κˣ޷ǵУ
ƨһۣͷʹڵӣ̲סˣŭ꣺㡭ⴿ˸ƭӡҪͼı档
ǺǣΪĵȻ档Ҷ㣬Ҫͼı֮λͼı棬ǧǰͿԣЩˣĸҵĶ֣ҲҪ飬һ֪ǼϻĿʲô˵ģһ
ϻĵҲһѾụ̈겨ͬ൱ǿᣬһ澳ʿϸл̼ӳ֣ˣԶѹ塣ŭĺȵ˵Щ飬Լģ
ʱ޾ңԶǹǿҵĲø͡
£ϣ¶֮ɫ̧ͷǱߵķü䣬һĨɷͻȻ䡭ŵһ
ˣ
Ƭգ˲䱻ˡ
սҲǶĶ֡˵͵ϮϣȻ˲䱬ǿƥγһ
ȴ˲䣬ͱһ򴩡
̫ˣ
Ľݺݴüģ
üı󣬱ǾʶǳҪһֱӽ
ܶ˶ǰȥϧûá
Щ˵һմͷ׷ױˡ
ʮ˵ǰ棬ûκáЩʥ۵ʿ׷䡣
һڽˣ
һЩߵ澳ͷ̲סһ
ʱһ⣬Ȼڼǰը
ǵâʵ̫ˣھ澳ľͷûа취Ǳߵ׷ʲô
ţһѪɫĹâȻǻɱݺնĶ㣡
ˣſȻһӰһˣڼǰһ˵֮䣬׺ݵķ
¿
¿ˣ
¾˴ѼǸ˲Ϻ¼˾˭ǵУֻļİΣ
ȴվûһ𾪺ͺĿ⣬ŵǰ׷ӡ
ˡһμΪ죿Уǳȡ
ʱ򣬴ңԶʣٴγһӰһɫŮӡ֮󣬶˵ֱӳŶǱߵ˿ʼɱ֣
ΪǳĹֶΣҲ̫

ߣһ̣ˣһ۾ϳŮӵݡ
ʱ򣬵ڼǰİ׷꣬ŶնһһѤѪɫâѾն˶Ŵ


1734 һƬȻ
˶ŵüҪɢˣһȾãԼĹģһͬâıСֱѪɫĹâ֪ԭиģ
ΣȻͣʵϣµģֻһӰѡ
ٶȣҲ̫ͬˣ
쵽īЩ𾪣ṳ̫̂Ͼ֮ǰѪħ涡㣬ô˫֮ʤĺ˵
ȡʤҲԻǲʤ
ôīǣһĨЦݡ
㣬벻Ҳ㣬ֻ㵹ùСǸҪһˡ
īˢˢˢֱӾնȥһΣڶ㲻ˡһȣֱӱ߱ն䡣̲סһŭ𣺡ʲôˣҸԩ޳ΪʲôҪɱң
˭˵Ҹԩ޳֮޴أīһЦ
ľ硢սȫѹ㡣˫սսʶȻ޼ʱƴľ˭ľߣ˭սǿ
㣬īʤܶ࣡
ṳ̫֮̂ǰīҲ˫ĲڣѾˡ
һ첲ٴαīն䡣
Ǳ߳ս֮Ҳܿ콫һ澳ʿն䳾
ؼǳīһͽûͷԡԶΪ׵ȺˣȻĴɢˣԭʿ߰ɲǼ䣬͵޾ԨС
ת䵱ǿ쵽˲˼ĵز¶Щµڶһô£ǵǹɾȴѾīûˣ
˿̣ȫֵסīֲֿ˫Ĺˡ֫壬Ȼǿķ˲ʵȥ֮ǰûκ𡣵ȴܲסīĵʵ̫ˣ
һʱ䣬һѾĵһ룡
֮ǰѾʮ죬Ҳûĵʮ֮һ
īֱĿһĶ㲻ûа㻹֮ƢҲ챻īûˡ
㵽˭һ˫УһƬѪ죬˶Ҫˡ֪Ǹһֵģңīĳ࣬ʵ̫ˣ
˿īĳ࣬ȴԣУһԼЩŵ뷨׷꣬Īһ棿ĪǸ֮䣬żԨԴ
ȻѾ϶һУȴңҲԸġ
ָо̫ˣ
ֱ˾
ǽѪħ𣿡ī˿̣Ѿȫ泹׵ѹ˶㣬ҪҲһ֮顣
㡭ô֪ңҴûжκ˵ƺţһģųī
治װģıīŵˡ
̤н𣬾ԾԵ˾䡣򶼴ޱͬĻͬʹߣ
ôܰѪħһͺаĳƺŽгȥ
ĸֵĳƺţǡǡǶдգ
ͶαеˣҪĻ϶磬һѪ磬磬òпᡣΪֻܳĶǿߣ
ȻĻֻһȺС䡣Ȼһ翴Ƹʵϣûһս
һ֧жսľţȻ󣬵ȵ̤̫Ͼһ죬ֱӴ֧ţɱͨ磡
Ұ൱Ҫɱͨ磬ͨ磬̵ʱ䣬һԸκ֯
Ųûаһ⡣
ԣԺѪħ棬һ죬֮󣬾ͽƺ
ĿǰΪֹƺţһֱУ
ûжκ˵
׽ĸҲû˵
׷ꡭô֪ģ
ʶ𣿡īŶ㣬ʵ
У𾪺;˿ȴҡͷû˵
أīŶ㡣
룬Ȼ˵ҵһ׻ƴƺɱһ塣
һɱһ壡
Ƕ㣡
Уޱͬ廯Ķ㣡
ī֮ĹͨȻīȴʹһС̸ֱ֮ͨɢķΧ֮ڡ
һ˲䣬飬֮ĶԻ
Լȴǲ֪
ΪѾīϴˡ
ⳡսķһֱ죬ǰǰһҵʱˡ
һʼִԣϻ൱һֱ޿̣Щҥˣʼ׷£ͱѡڼϻĳšĻһ
УĳźͺĻȫǼٵģ
ǣЩŸĻÿһ׮ÿһд֤֤֤ʵԣ
Ǳˣ
ڵĺܲң
ģҲֻж㡣
ڣڼǰսױˡŻһţһӦ棬е飬ȫԶĻŲɡ
Լϻκνͣ壬֮
һʱ䣬ϻ弸˹˺򡣳˼ҳϵ֮⣬󲿷յѣǡ
ŶЩν֤ôǡԭ򣬻ߵףȴп˵Ϊʱ˿̣Ѿûˡ
ˣ
һǿƥİ׷꣡
׷꣬ͬڰսһ⣬ֱսмϻӵܵ
ָо̫ůˣ
ǳīɴѹ㣬ֱ̣ǳ졣
û뵽׷꣬Ȼ˳̶ȣȻöԼ˵Щ飡
̫ˣ
ôģѵ֪ЩķӦֻ˵ɣ
īЩĿŶ㣬˵һˣ֮ǰǸѪħ涡ǰλͬҲ
ŶʵϻϵЩˮȫֱʰɣ
˿̣ȻѾھԵƣѾѹˡīʻϣ¶һĨ֮ɫһܣʲôûвܹƽ
ԣһЦĿųīΣˣȫҵĻǸżϻκһ֪͡ͽб£ܽҳѹҲһӢۣһӢۣҾˣˣҲỳҡϻʤˣ˵УҲаʱռϷ硣ѾУӡģڼϻĸֳţˣҲ᲻ϵıġ棬սҵС
㲢֪Ļ棬޾һƬȻ
һУֱ̫ˣ
ܶ˻ڸߺⶼǼٵģƭ˵ģ
ǲϿȥ󣬾Լ͡
ΪһУ̫ʵˣ


1735 ˫ɱ
ͷд¡¡гīŵĻ棬Ѿ޾ľ񣬳ÿһ䣡
⣬̫ϵͨ
̫ϣһ㡣īֱӹķˮƣķˮ֡
ղ֣
ֱӳֳЧ
ԣЩڸϻսˣһ̣ȫʶͣսãȻĿеĻ档
ϻߣҲûгʤ׷ȥǡͬĿеĻ棬֮ĶԻȻ֪ǰ׷ôġһУȻġ
ܶ༧ϻеսʿ̲סˡ֮ǰž޴ѹսΪӵϣȫ·һ
ľӣȴǴţ
սȻ˫ɼ٣ǱߵսʿžԵԽеġ
īŶ㣬˵˵ʲôôأ
ʲôô㲻㵭ĿųīʱȻкܾܱҲܿ־壬ȴȻܹԵƽУͼ˵׷뷨
˵棬̫ˣֱҪõˣеʿ粻ܶߣߣǵսǵ̫ˣɱˣҴ̡ʲôƽޣ
һĭЦ˵£һᣡ˵ԴɱޣɱҩĿĻΪԼøǿ£̸ʲôƽҾҪ磬һѪ硣Ҫ飬ȫоΣУҪλ棬һĲп֮أΪҲֻĵطܳĶǿߣʱһҪǣһ򵽸߲εǸ磡ΪʲôҪͨǸʲôҪ񣬺⣿
ⷬ൱İܶΪո׿ڳϣЩ鶼ＧϻԶǿҶеˣҲò˼ΪҲãĻƺеġ
תһ룬־ùƨͨ
ǵˣƾʲôҪƿذʲôأԼνôôˡһ
ԣһ̣֪жˣڷŶ㡣
īŶ㣬̲ס̾Ϣǻһַʽ˵ľͳɹˡһķʽʵԼĿģûô
ǰãڣоˡ㵽Ǵðģ㿴ųī㣬ҾһҪŪĳ嶯ǳı档˵ͻȻ֣ҹܴɣҲӦַĵĺ⣬ӳ䵽ϡ
һ棬Ҽ㡣ī˵仰֮ǰѾеľͨĿѾﵽˣȫıҲѾ׵ı¶ǰ
ʣµһЩ飬ûҪ˿ˡ
ȻǱߵġһ⣬гʡ
˵һңг𣿡
ޡīһƽ㣬ûЩ飬ʵǨŭϡȻһˡ
Ĭһ£ųīܾ֮󣬲ų̾һҵûԶսǸоıǾ÷ܿЦʵڿҵ꣬Ӧȥġȥͨ磬˻ı䡣˵ұ̤̫硣
һıī˵ҵԶսʱ򣬾ѾնǸνǽԶսն͸𣿡
˶סˣЩŵĿųīգȷīû˵ѡȻ૵ӦûС
㵽ͨҲһū͡īŶ㣬Ȼεݸ˶ܶͨϢ
㼸һ˲䣬е
ĳĬ˺ܾãȻſųīʵ㡭ΪʲôҪ֪Щ飿һ֮ˡ
һ㣬ȻҳƺӰʱûһĴڣ˵Ҳûнݳɾ͡˵޹ޣʵһͦмġһĶ֡Ҫɱ㣬Ҳϣװ׵ȥ
ĶôȻ󣬺ȻЦʹ죬ʹ죡޺ˣ벻浽̶ֳȡҵΪп̽εİأȴ룬վϣ˵ҲŪġԶ߲ҲԶ߲е硣˵ĶԣĶ֣ǺѰҵġϻЩ߹ҶǳЦǣǸͲҶ֣
ЦţЦᶼˣȻϣָƽųī㶯ְɣĶ֣Ȼݣȴܳ죡޺ˡ꣬ĻһԸΪĶ֡ʱٷָ£ʱ򣬱ľ۸ҡ
ЦţȻеĲʡޡеĸʧֻʣ޾ƽ̹Ȼ
īͷһֳ࣬߱죬Ȼһȥ
棬˫ɱ㡣
ûκεֿɳīһһȫĥ
ɢһ̣㷢һȻԸһѪۣȻ׼䣬ҲҪһʬĴ󽫾
䣡
ؼ䣬һɺƥľ
⾫ǶȫĵУУȫ
˲䱬ֱӳƬء
ˣɾĳ֮£˲Ϣ䣬˾޴ĺô
ī̸ⷬûеһȴܶˡ
һܶĲ£Ȼȫ׷ɱҪԱԪϻߵġ
֮ǰʲôһˣԼµĿУȴһõ죡
ЩҪԱԪģȫī˲Ϣ͸ѹˡ
ȻЩ澳ľͷҲȫīַӡ˵
ųīȻֿǱߵĳ૵̫ˣ
˵ţңԶùãøǿ𣿡
ǱߴӦˣ
īҲǣ
𣬳
ȫѾ澳Ķʿľͷ
ˣĸĸ˫ףв֮⣬ûκηֱ
ǡ
īе֮ܵǰָоˡ
е㸴ӵġ
ΪӦİˣƫƫģǸԼĸĸʵ̫ˡⲻǣ
ԣīֱ߹ȥȻû˵ϣȴ΢Ц
Ǳ߼ͳҲͬĿųī
ܶ˶һĻڿīˣԾ˵ʲôʱһӣǲֻһŮ
īĳֱ̫࣬ˣ
ҽгīīֱӶżͳʩ
ʱ򣬳Ǳ߷ɹ̵ʱ䣬ļע뵽ͳľʶС
澳ʿٶȺ˼άٶȣǳġ
ͳ˲һ˲䣬Ѿ֪еǰ֪֪𺳣ȴһʱ޷ġ
ԣǴĿŹǰĳīȻһʱûκηӦ


1736 
һôԼһŻعæ߹һѽīȻϣ¶һ˿Ц˵ӣ⣬ЩԽܣһʱġ㣬㶮ɣ
īЦҶ׵ġ
һԿųīȻ˵㣬ĸԼĺûκηֱָо̫ˡ·𡭡·һ
һԽ͵ΪǰǣгīǸǣһˣȻǾǵĸĸף
ݸͳϢУҲһ֪ʶ˵ǣ룬Ȼֱ뵽ԵУתֻء
飬Ȼ澳ľͷָоҲ̫ˡڶʱ䣬ͳһУúܶȥƶ֮࣬ҲֻܵһƤëѰЩ֪澳ʿ༸⣬ȴȻܿ̽еĺıʡ
ǳī̫Ͼʿ࣬Ҳֻѧá˻ʹùߣﲻһȴȻ޷߰塣
˵ֻأµĵ
ⳡսн㷨㳤һҲֻһࡣĽʽȴ˫û뵽ġֱ̣Ķǣе顣
ԣصʹ֮󣬼ϻߵˣȻѴ߳
ǿīĿУҲǷǳӡ˺桢⡢ظС
׷꣬ȻһġڹȥǸƲ⣬²⡣һŵģһˣīǼĵһ
û˷ʱ䣬̵ʱ䣬й
һС
ˣлЩ棬Ҳгһߵ档
īҲһϣһʥ۷ʿȻ硢սүүϵƢԣүүһģһġ
˵Ҹп˼Ķ鷳˵ʲôԣλҪǣԸԸȥͨ硣
棬ȫĬ
һ൱شѡ񣬲һʱġ
ʱ򣬻桭ҲǣһѾ澳۷棬һͰĿīʵӣǸңѾǰɣ
īͷҲм־ȣһ۳΢΢ҡͷʾû˵¡
΢΢һЦ˵ںܶǰѾӦˡˡʱҵ棬ͻȻһǿҵʹͿ顣һҵϳʲô⡣ԣֱӱչغܶꡣ죬㣬һӾͨˡ
īͷһеĺܶ飬
̾Ϣһͨ˰ȷҵѡ벻ǱߣȻôĲá
̲סһ̾ϢǣҪ۽磡˵ţīӣԸһȥǱߣһҡӦãԼֵܲɣ
Ц׵ֵܣҲûֹϵ׽ͬһԴ
ȫЩпǳԵĵһܹͨġ
һˣǣֿ֮󣬸ԱһģŶԸĵڡǱκֵöҪס
ֵãѪ֡ȴϵϵ
ͳ໥һۣҲԸһȥͨ硣
棬ϵЩ漶ȴԥ
ī˵ʵҲδһõѡ񣬾Ǹ磬Ҳû뿪Ϊǵĸ̫ˣǣҲ̫ࡣһ뿪͵Ҫ̫̫Ķ
ͷȷ˵ǲ̫ǣҲʲôŲµġ磬ûϵǸ磬Ҳ硣ȥǱߣҲȷʵûʲô˼
иƼȿʼһߺȾƣһ졣
ЩˣīȻһμ棬ȴûκİĸоԼһ
˳壬˳ۡ
Щˣף
ϱӾǣ
ⱲӣȻǡ
ߣսȻѾƽЩıҲѾ֪Ҫ׻ָ򣬻Ҫһʱ䡣
ڶЩ⣬ҲȫûôˡΪռ䣬Ϊǿ壬ϻߣְ취һзƽϢ
ڻͺܶ˵Ĺ֮ͬ£īʳǣ졣
˵ôõһᣬһŵġô̫ϴڣҪµʲô
֣īϧʲô
֮󣬳ǱߣҲѾͳƳһһЩľѣһżʮˡԸһȥ
īרȥһ׻ƴǱߣûҵرϤˡңߵ׻ƴҲûˡԣīĹ磬кܴͬġ
īʵ뿴׻ƴûд󹫼Ӱݺͼ㣬Ѱ֮ڷ֡磬ûд󹫼
벻ǸһȻһ
⣬Ǻܶˣ֮ǰȫû뵽顣󹫼ȻһֻϢ֮󣬻аˬͬʱټ̾Ϣ䣬עʲôį鰡֮Ļ
ߵƣѾ׵ϻߣԣīºܶԴ֮󡣱㽫Ҫ뿪ˣս˲Ŀռ䵱СȻֱӸȥ
뿪īûֹĸо
˵һĻˣµܡڵ£ȴʵġ
īһ뿪ʱ䣬Ժ̡ܶԣڻصǱ֮Ǳߵ˶Щôͻˡ
ڼȺ֮Ȼرֵһˡ
ˣǳԹҵġԲ
Ҳ˵֮Ĺϵľ׽ֵһֶһĸ塣
ֽʵõһֽˡ
Ĺת۹ȥ
Щ꣬īżأ̵Լӳͮͳ
ȫӵľ츳
żٸͨ꣬ȫѾ澳۷ĲΡԸϣȫīһЩ
ˮĻ˵ǣСһӶ̫ˣ
ɹѷܵҵȥһȦ¶
ҲǿȺˣ
Ϊڴ֮ǰֻǻҵеЩ飬ܵͨɱӣͨе飬ܵҵǱµģ
Сһ첻µز£žսǿϵķǶ಻ʤڶ̶̼ʱͨУ˾޴
һЩŵ̫Ϲ棬ԸеЩǧСڡ
ǲ£ǵĵ̫ˣ
Ϊ⼸Уī㲻ȴ˿ûм
ͨ磬ԭЩ壬ʣһˮУ̫Ϲ档ȴǽԼӡӡһǧꡣ
Ҫٻúüʱ䣡
ܼ尾Ķǿߣ¾̫Ϲˡ
ô꣬һֱͻڿ־嵱С
ζжˡ


1737 ۲
ͮͳСһȻרŵȥǱ߿һΡĻ˵Ǻܺ棬Ҫ޴̫Ϲ泤ʲô
֪ǵ֮ҪŻǣвʱԳȥ
ȴСһݺһͨ
ͮԸϸùôСǳƣֹ൱ǿƵԸ񣬶ҿڳֱӾͽ̫Ϲñȥ
Ը񣬸īһЩȽϳȣûôࡣȴ൱ɴ䡣һսЩͨսѾĥ÷ǳǿ
ӢЩУҲסͨеһλá
Ļڰ˰ٰʮ꣬ڸɺˡ
ִ̫ͨϹ棬ˮеǼ֮⣬ȫˣ
ӣֱȥˣ
ˮеǼʵӦõġ˴ûеõκλӦ
񣬾ˮǱߣѾΪ̫Ϲ˵¡
𿴳ˮƬϣ޾˭֪īոջعʱƬжô
ǧ
ϱڲԫҲ١
޾飬ȴΪȺ̫Ϲ棬һҹ֮䣬ҷ𡣳Ϊʷ
ֳޣؽˣҲ׷¡
˵̫Ϲ棬ûڹǸģҪôܰѳīˣôܰѳɱһ飡
£īһֱûǳ֣˿Ψһԭ򣬿ܾûգ
û
ʵǡ
Ļʱ򣬳īѾܹһѹ̫Ϲˡңīž԰յģ
ʱҲҪš
ʱ򣬳ī⣬ȻõһϢ
ǶϢóīʱһʱ䡣
Ϊй۲ߵһͨ磡
ϢҲΨгī־磬ԼԹ۲߱һ˽ˣܲ׽۲ߣڽ뵽ͨʱ򣬳īרȥסϵͷ̺ơ
κһ־磬Լ϶صͷзеƣһһھʿУرˡ
īʱ䣬ͨһ䣬һǳصĵطܵǹΨй۲ϲеơ
īڸܵЩ֮зǳ𾪣ҲмֵǡΪͨ磬û̫޼ӵıӻ֮ûȥ۲ּĴˡ
־ϵѹǿսҲû취ʩչ
󣬳īͷ֣۲ߣƺͨҲġΪԶԷľʵȫͨˡûҪСȥκ˵¡
īܹ֪ԷĴڣΪһι۲ߡȻĻʶҲδֱܷԷݡ
ڲԷ֮󣬳īеˡֱ۳һʼѰԷҪŪǸ磬Ҫʲô
ٶʱ䣬īķһֱûҵԷӰΪǸ˷ǳûͨκεطԼκϢ
Ůʲôӣīͳͳ֪
ҲΪԭЩīһֱûȥˮ̫Ϲ档
ŪǸ۲Ŀ֮ǰīŪ̫Ķ
ͬʱЩīҲһֱڻԼ̫ϵ־磬ÿһǳѡͬÿһʵ
óīһ۲ߣȻУδһ㻹֮ûС
һΣɺ飬ͨͷĴȫˡ
ΪֳīȻҪӴġ
ƽＸȫЩ̫ϹǣһϤīȫһ
ֿαĿһ£ʵϣǵݵλҲòŶ˭αǷĵĶԳīСĺ֮һƽȵء
н磬ʵΪ𡣾īӣǺᣬȴѾܸˡ㲻ųīϵԼҲԶһƬء
൱ޣͷڣۣſĵЦݡ
ĽϣЦ
ϯ䣬̫Ϲ̽ī׻ôˮ̫Ϲ档
īЦЦȻվȺ̫Ϲ棬ѾΪصһƬطһƬľ޴ˡÿһ棬һͷ­
Ⱥ̫Ϲ棬֮ȫĬ˳ī뷨
ȷЩޣûа취ġ
Щ߳ƣ̫ͨϹ棬ֻʣһ澳Ϊͷ·ڣϣǵУҲеȻ
һ̫Ϲ̲ס̾Ϣ
ϵȺ̫Ϲ棬Ѿ̫ˡҲį̫꣬ͻȻ䱻һȺ̫ϾĹΧۣһȫһȡ
俴ųīʵʲôӣôôѣ
ô顣ī˵
ʱ˵ִϲӣҪ󣬿԰ɣ
īһֵĻԡ
һ棺һʹɣ˵Ⱥ̫Ϲ棬ʵк·ǲµĺ־ͲᱻѡЩ֣Գ˵βκвˡ
ī˵ʱ򡣡
ЩûвôīȻš
̫־磬һξѪң϶ǰȫ֮֡󣬲֪ʲô£ͨ磬
ԣīȥðա
ٺһЦ֪ƭīԣֲġ
īȺ̫Ϲ棬ոʮûʲô֡ԣȻипҲû̫ǽ
Ҳ˳ī˼һǸǣˮ̫Ϲ棬϶Źģͷ­ҲʵҲǶһѡ
ǲгī־ٶΪĳīȷʸ񡣾īҲȥǳī顣
֮ͨǿɲ˵˵ѡ
󣬳īȺ˻ص֮ϡ
˼֮󣬳īûüȥԼЩˣԺУͽӵһصĴ
ɫʱ
վȺ˸˸ȻֱӴҴææ뿪
֮ڳıԵشīһˣһòǳᣬҲǳӢӡ
һ£ͷɫ˳ĴǰǳӢһ˫൱ɡŮӼ˾߲͡
ī¶һ΢Цð¡
īкܽΪ˵ݣϣȴ¶ɻ֮ɫϵҲ൱ȹ̣ˣǿʵʡǣ
΢Цſųīҽв֮ͨ⣬˲˵Ϊ֮ͨЩҲһֱѰҵټô


1738 ܾ
ī΢΢һ漴˸˵ЦҶʶ⻰ǴӺ˵أȴ𼸷ֲ벻˾ȻУȻ֪һֱѰټ
̾Ϣһһţ΢Ц˵ұо˼ңҲһġҿԺ׵ĸ㣬Ҫ鷳ġûʲô⡣֮Լ㣬ֻеѡ
īŲû˵
˵ҺǣһˣѾͨôĴܣΪ˱Ӷϧºͺ·ĻҲҪ
īУʱЩ𺳣һӾ֪˵˭ˡ
϶̫޼ӣ
ѵ뿪ͨ磬ϧ˿սȻΪԼô
īзǳ𺳣Ҳӿһǿҵĸж
Ѿ֪˵İºͺ˭ˣΪ꣬ʶУ̫޼ӸʱսĻ档
ͬʱҲܺ棬һˣϵķ硣ǳƽͣȥ崺ĸо
īУȴһƬ䡣
Լ˶ˣ
ǳī˿Ψһĸо
ɲΪģ㣬ֻеѡ΢Цųī¸£ѾˡҲܣŻͨ硣ǵΪ֮ҲӦԣˡĴܣҲˣңһֱæ׷ɱǡȻĻҲôȡ
īȭͷкܵϵʿϺеİΣ
ԷģλܣɱĸǿҲͷǲûôױɱ΢Ц㣬̹ԵֱϸˣĵСĵ㡣֪̹Եϣ϶һʱ׷ɱܣĿתϡ
īŲüͷ΢΢šֱڣ˵ǵѡԼ˵Щʲô⡣
Ҫ˵ǴĺģīͲš϶ʲôĿġ
ųīҲòŲ²Ҷ˵Щ⣬ҸϡºͺǵùҿĵĺܡңҲǰѵȻ˵УǰѵƿһбϣԳ̹Ŵ硣ȴᶯġ
Уų貵Ĺâмη壬˵Ϊǰѵչһʱ䡣ȴ
¶֮ɫ૵û̹Ŵ񾫻Ѫ˵ˣѵֱһѡҺáҷֵ磬ȥȻĻҿҲˡԣѵ֮Ҳᶯ˼ֻΪǵŮˣаºͺɵӣŻΪʸƿѵ
ϣ¶ֳ֮ɫˣһ֮֮Щϴ֪ĴڣǶˣһܸȤ
أīʼգ;вĹ۲߿϶ʲôĿġûʾīеˣȻЩȣīѾȷһ飺ҪԼ
ԣһףһǳƽĽסһŵĿųī΢Ц˵ҸӻȻ棬òұʲôʵѾ޵Ľӽεˡ˳ԾҲ˵Ѫ˵ǿ󣬲Ȼ̹ԵҲС뿪֮󣬽ٸ߼սʱ֮һѡǺбҪ顣ңǡǡʺϳΪѵǸˡ
ԼãīʱҲƽ
Ϊ֮أ㹻ṩеıӻŵ΢Цţ֮أһң֮һġ
ī΢΢һüңֻţҲԲšΪ֤α
ҿԺĸ㣬˵ģġңҪ뿪ˡһ϶Ŀųī̹ŴȻ࣬ΪЩĴڣȡľֻƿءԳ鳾Щʧ˾ʧˣǲġԣһ죬̹磬᳹ױȱġӦþ硣Ϊࡣ
īŲ΢΢鴤һ£ܸо˵ЩӦöġΪյЩϢǿ໥ӡ֤ġ
ΪȺʿĴڣ磬űԽԽ㡣ȻĻ磬ģǲġ
ڰĻڱβ̫õġվһɢȥҲס졣ԣʱʵûôࡣһ̹Ȼ֪īڰĻҪãʵǷֹˣĿ̽
ҪʲôīŲջʳڡ
ҪһžˡųīⶫΪĶҲ絽ڻάŰĸԴõôľ޴󡣡
īŲô࣬ѵͲҵõ⾧֮˽ˣΪʲôҪ㣿
⻰˵صˡһŵĶԳīЦҸով˵ˣһֽ㵱ȻҵǾ֮Լ¡Ҫһ룬ܲܵеù֮ǿߵַоǣкܶǣҡ
˵ţһ۳Ǳߵķ򣬵˵˵ЩˣЩѡѾ˼Ƕ£ߣ㵱ȻϣΣգǰɣ
ǡвīŲ
ҡҡͷʵвҲ֣Ҳ˶ֵġΪǸŮˣ󿿵ģͬҲ֮һ
īһŲԣ¾ǣҰѰǿ龧ˣȻ㡭ұҵļˡ˼𣿡
ͷ
ĻīŲƭңǺܿɱ
ţô΢΢ü֪˭Ȼͻףǲƭ˵ġ٣ȣһеġ㲻ʶҡҲûϵǾˣûôҵȻĻô꣬ҵˡ㻹ʱ䣬ҵ֮ǰҿ棬㵲סеĸšҵ֮žˣȻļˣ뿪ҵ֮ء֮ͻ֪Ҹ˵һУˡ
ƹƽʵϣīЦԷǾȫԶŻ˵۸ľû̫ķ
Ǿ˵Ǹʲôī֪Ҳܼ㵽ܹάͨ޾ĶôһĶУҵǶߣͨ硭ͬ飬ǶҪ
ͨһ֮صЩˣŹԼⲷ֮һʱܱסԼ
ЩͷڳīԺ˲漴ֱҡҡͷҾܾ


1739 
¶һĨ֮ɫΪʲôˣΪô
ΪʲôɱأīЦЦŲľǸɵӣôҲ޻˵ϾϾ۾±˵ĻӦþ뵽һˡĺҲӦ㣬ҺҵļѻǴӦ㣬ͬҡܻĸңΪʲôҪӦ㣿
ųīã¶һĨЦ⣺յϢȷ١ܣҲãȻЩȫˡ
̾Ϣţ˵ģĲ֣һ̹ԵˣֻҪ־磬ʱ뿪硣ֻҪңǾͿһ𴳳ȥȻȥ浽ǲ磿ȥ˵ġʲôϧ˲ʶ࡭һλᡣ
һĿųīΪļˣؿһ¡ΪҸ˵Щ滰ûƭ㡣ֻҵǿž֮󣬿Աӻļˣһɱ̹Ŵ磡񡭡ñһһ㣬𣿡
еġīһĿٲΪұġ
Ϊ㲻뱳ӵùˣϣ¶һĨĳ̫ӢǳȥҲʮš
ƾʲôΪҵǿ龧ˣīе档
Ϊѵųī˵Һ˫кôҺҲΪ֪Ķʵ̫ˡѾȫҵԤ֮ˡ
īһ̹ȻĿҲܸģƭҶƭ㣬ΪҾܹҵǿ龧ˣҲܰߣȻ٣ȥ
һҲһ᳹ױȻЩŭˣѾ̤̫ˣѵϣûմѪΪһ䴿С׻أ
ҴûһС׻ҸұԼǺˡ֮Ա֮ΪˣΪÿˣԼԭޡҪīŲǰδеƽ
̾һðɣǣȥɣ
̧֡
һ˲䣬磬ֱӱסˣ
һУ飬ͬؼľеһһУסˡ
۲ߡ棡
־磬ʵ̫ˡԷãʵ̫ǿˣ
ԣֻһͷͽ磬׷ӡסˣ
īͲĶ֣ǳīܹƿ̹ԵīΪ˶˵һ仰̹ŵľѪûа취ᣬֱӳ֣˳īȻΪˡ
û뵽īȻôǿӲƭмƭòУеʮŭţƾԼҲǿ龧ˡͨôӵҲһǧ
ÿһȥҲʱ;
֪˾˵ܣ͸޷סּ¶
̫øǿˣ
Ǹ˵ֻҪõ̹Ŵ̺žˣôͿԵõ̹Ŵ˳ϵĿ졢ѵأ
죬죡
ǵأҲĵأ
һϵĴͨ
ͨ飬޷һΰ
磬ֻ֪֮ܡǲ뿪磬Ϊ磬ͬն
һȺīسɹϼһ߸ϵġ̫ˣѾʧȥȡľ
ڲκε飬Ա
Ϊе飬̹Ŵġѡ
£ϳīϣīҲȷʵġȴ룬īȻ˵ĲʶࡣһֻϣȻҾܾ̫ˣ
һ飬ȷҪܾҺôĶųīſϣѾţʼ¶
ǵģҾܾīһƽĿŲ
ѾȫܶˣƬռ䣬缸ϵͨˡУȻ˲֮ɫ
͡ȥɡ˵ţֱһͷһɻϢ˲佫ī֡
ۿųīҪ
ɻϢ̫ǿˣ
ûκܹϢѹ
ʱīǰֱ߳һɢ޾ϰӰӰߴ󣬵ȴһִӺ߳ĸоϵƣԺš
ֱӾʹסˣĿɿڴĿӰǾҵĳ鴤ţ̡̹Ŵôܣ
ȷǱ𺳵ȫ˵ˡ̹Ŵܣ֮أҲ̹ŴĴԲλǹġ
Ĵڣȫ֪һ档ͬʱҲ֪磬Ĳ࣬ǿĲࡣһ죬̹Ŵ
ͬʱһ飬Ҳ˵Ĺ֪ͬǾǣ̹ŴľѾʧˣ
ʱȥѰң̹ԵҲо޾¡ȴѰҲһ˿һ̹ŴľһʶƬΣǶûм
ԣʱ˿̣ӳī߳Ӱòֱɵˣ
־磬һȷҪ˹ݵĳ嶯ңֳ嶯ޱȵǿң
šӰԽԽɴ۾Ҫ˵ĳ࣬ûʲôڵȴȫ
ī棬һ
һΣӰǱһ֮󣬳ī˺ܶʱо¡߱ġӰԲ߱顣ң߱顣ƺȫ֪ӰĴڡ
īҲֻܴ󵨲²⣬Ӱ̹Ŵ߱еһ˵һξ񣡱ܹƿ߱ˡ
һΣԲҪ󣬳ī϶ӦͬʱҲһ£Ӱ᲻ٶȳ֣
Ķˣ
ӰȻٴγ֣ңֱӶԲˡ
ֱֳ֣ǿȥƿ粻ͬӰȻ̧֣ޱԻĳ˲һƣ
ž
һִ࣡
˵ǲīЩˡ
ʲô
ֳ˶ľٶҲֻˡŻɣ
ӰУһ񰡣
ĿӰȻ𽥱ЩãȻʧڳīǰ
Ǵδֹƾʧˣ
ô£ī̲סӰʵ
ɱ󻼡ʧ䣬û¡
һ˸֣õȫģ͸īǳһ˵ġ
īһӾˣȴ𺳣
ӰȻǿԽģ
Ȼ˵Ű˸֣˵ĸоǳļɬû˵Ӱԣʶģ
ǰ̹Ŵôīʵ


1740 ˮ
Ӱȴ˲ϢʧڳīǰûشҲûκζĻʧˡ
īͷȻ̾Ϣһڵľ磬Ȼûа취һСȻڵѾ˲ͨе顣ȴȻûа취ȥ̽ӰЩܡ
󣬳īǱ˻ȥʱ·һԺˡȻӰ˵ˣʧˣӦþͲ¡
£ҲͦЦġʲôĴڣ
۲ߡ氡
ҾͽдˣǳԽ̫ϵĸ߼ڡ
ȴ˼һûһμ䣬Ҳͦɱġ
ԣ飬治̫ΪǡԼѾǿˣʵֻûʸӴǿġ

֮ͨ⣬һŰ£ͷ𷢵Ĳ˿һãȻı顣
Ҫǳīһ̲סЦ
ΪãȻɻ󣬶ǰŻ磬૵ûʲô
˵ţϣ¶һĨı飺ֵͼ磬һЩͷһ֮⣬һǴΪֵط綼Ӧһݵİطˡڵãÿһ£͵һ顣ţҲʱϡºͺôû͵ˣȥøһ״
Ӱһƣʵֲ̫ˣȻѲļûôࡣҪǳīܹۿһĻһᱻ𺳵òС
ȻºͺѾ¶ǵˣ
ңҲҲսĺۼˣ
ܿ죬Ӱʧ

ͨ硣
Ĵ飬˺ܶ졣
Ӣеи߲Ҳȫˡ
ôˣһʱģͽˡ
īЩ̫ϾĹֱ֮ٴαչˡ
Щ飬ȫ֪ȷһҸ֪ˣûа취Ӷ
īһαչأֱӱչصĻһǧꡣ
ˮ̫Ϲ棬һΪīһ֮ܳǰһΣиֲá
٣Ҳ·ٷӡǼꡣ
ȫ벻ǣīȻһֱû¶档УǸеңЩŭΪīȫûнǷ
ǲûûڵһʱͼȥҳīˡǧȻӡ飬ȴһ֪
īɾ̫Ϲλǳ֮Ϊ֮ͨ飬ǻ֪ġ
ī澳۷ʱֲֿսѾֱս̫ˡ̫ϣȺվͬһ߶ϡȻ׵ȥǳī
ҲԹڡһ죬Ȼᱬġ
̫Ϲˮ˵Ҳһ˲õĴ¡ʱˮ£ȴȫоǳͷۡЩ֪ӦЩ档
ΪɺԵʣˮ壬Ѿ׵˳ߡ
һֱ⣬ԣûһǧȻһ졣
ˮ̫ϹϵһΪ崫档
˿̣ڴλ֮ϣĿŹˮ˵֮ǰѡȲѣΪ棬֡ˮ壬ȴܼվڳһߡļ֮λʱ¡ڣݴʲô飬Ϊѡ
ˮļпЦѣȴȻñʾлл¡
ţڣȥ֪ͨмеĳϼӵܣҪ崫˵
ˮļûзֻܵͷӦ
󣬴ˮ峤ϵӵܣڴˣܿͳˣ
ּĵ̣൱񡣳һһʵѾ˰
⵱Укܶ೤ԪûаƽȹԪ١ѽӡΪ˵ĵ̡ȻĳϼˣҲжʮ
պڲһСĴУѾۼ˳ʮˣ
Щ֮ȫĬţڳ֮󣬽ټҪʲô
ҲҷΪ³ֻһǾ
гϼϵˮӵܶô룬ʱ䣬ʱӦʮ߰˵ȴֻʮˡ
崫г죬˵ôˮĳϣʣô𣿡
վ˵ڣʣЩ󲿷Ѿ˾Ӣ¡
Ӣˡ崫Ȼ˫һĨ˵ǸСͽôҲȷûмȥˡ
һԵ̫Ϲ棬ȫ˵ͷ
ˮļкȻһɲ̫õͷ̧ͷ̫Ϲ档
ӭ崫ǱĿ⣺ȣ˵ȣȣ֮ʣȴ˱֮¡ֲҲТʲҲûмȥˡ
˵䣬崫Ϊף̫Ϲ棬һֱ֣ͬӷӡС
ʮˣȫӡ棡
ʵ½ĳϼϵˮӵܣ̫Ϲ棬ѾȫȲˣ
Ѿ㵽ī϶ˣͻǰ
ԣҪųī֮ǰԼøǿѪøӯ
Ҫһ㣬κδҩơ
ΨȺǵѪ͵Уķ
ΪѪͬΪЩУ֣֮ͬ
ͬͬͬԴ
ǿò
ˮļ˶סˣ¶ŵɫĿ崫棬Ŀѵĵڡô޺죿
롣
崫һȡ
ȻˮļֱӾըˡһѪ޾ȫĵУͬһɺ崫ӿȥ
̫Ϲ棬Ҳȫʾ׷׳ˣ
ѡĿ꣬ǿģΪߵģѪʢģǿģ
һʱ䣬棬һŭͲҽ
Ѿ̫Ϲַӡˣԣһжȥ
ˣȻҲȫ벻淢ʲô
Щϵˮ峤ǣһһƣ֣Ϊʲôټȴӡˡǵ棿
е㲻ԹأһʱټˣѵΪ˿Ǳչص𣿡
ǱչأѾȥʮˡг˵
ǾǵˣΪˣɻ
ջ˻ɵ᲻ᡭǣЩ˵Ѫ
ܣ
ô飿
ΪˮĹ壬ǺǼϲ
˺ܶ࣬ΪԼҵڣ顣
ʱƣʼǱӡУԽԽˣʶ桭ĳˣ


1741 һ
һٵϱۣһɻĿιܶļˣˮǳߡĻҲȡ
ϼ˵˵浽׳ʲô飿
ǰϼ˽棬˵ǲˣˣ
Ҫ£ҲûҪôðɣ
ǰϼ
һȺ࣬Χסߡ
߳ĬţȻȻ̾˿߰ɣԶ߸߷ɡҪȥӢˣҪȥ塣Щ飬ʱ䣬Ȼ
˵ֱ֮תȥˡٶȷǳ죬һգۣʧΡĻµĺڰ֮С
ʣЩһȻܶ˶ʶʲôɴһȫɫ䣬Ҵҵˡ
ʮʱȥ֮⣬ڵȺģһϡ
ǶǴ̫ϹˣҪൽʲô
һº
ŵϵķӡڳˡ
ţˣ
߳ˣǳᣬȥҲʮꡣ
һٶˮĳϣ˰֮󣬲Ÿȷ߳ˣˮ̫ϹУϵ崫棡
ˣ
崫һֱһ˵Ѿ޾ˡ
û
ˣϵơѪ̫ˣ
Ѫʢţ
ī̫ʿһɢѪȫһġ
ˮ̫Ϲ棬ɢѪҲ֮ǰȫһ
ϰˮĳһĿɿڴȻ쳤ӣȥĳ׳ȵ׵ǣ桭ûһ߳
һֺϵĳϣһڵϣʹ޵ڣǶЩʲôʮ˰ЩǵôǸɱˣǺúݵġ
û˵꣬ӾֱӱˡȻ󣬻һѪͬһΪ崫ȥ
ֱ롣崫ü
ʣЩϣһȫŵûɢһĳ˷ȥ
ǵľ磬ôӵù̫ʿ׷٣
ܿģϰˣһ飬޾ĵСѪ̫Ϲ嵱С
ˣ崫Ϊ׵̫Ϲ棬ʮĴۣȡǿĻᡣ
ʮˣֱˮʮ֮һĶ
ͬʱҲһ붥
ɢˡ
⣬崫ȻЩźĵЩӡ̫ɢһҹȥ̫鷳Ҫܽ˵Ѫȫաǡ˵лᴥǸ۵򣡡
һ̫ϹҲЩźĵǰʱеˡǳīͿˡٺ٣ʶһ£Щ̫Ϲ棬Ŀֲɣ
崫ͷһ벻ǻô̵ʱֲֿľ磡
ǵģīȷû뵽ڰ·ϣ˵ˡ
ˮϼΪ׵Щˣ֮˵һʱ䣬ͽϢݸɺǱߡ
ȻֽϵīóīСġ
īЩţˮ棬ȻҲЧºЩڣɳɥ顣īǵôµȥֵģ
ԣŭ֮£ī·ٶȣҲ˺ܶࡣ
ˮ̫Ϲһɲʲôˡ
Ǹԣģ
ɱ˲ǵľѪУ׳
һȺīǰӦðǳɱ
崫Ц޾ӦϣΪǾôԸնɱԼΪԸô𣿶ȵģ
īеԴ㣡
īһУɵģˣȻɢ
īüȵı䣬ǰȺˣЩˣȫҪңǲк֡·ҽһһҵȻһһһǣʧ䣡
ţ˭᣿ӣ֮ͨ㻹ΪԼˣߣҲûֱ£崫˵ţȶԳīˡ
˿һ磬Ѿﵽ̫۷ĲΣϵѪƬ񷶼Ϊ֮𺳡
ؼ䣬һƬѪɫ
һֻ֣ǵصĳųīѹȥ
ʵ̫ˡ
̫Ϲ棬ûмܽһġ
ųīǰˮȴԹϢص̫Ϲ棬ԶԶĿ崫һжޱȣŵˡ
һǳģʣͽӲ¡һ̫Ϲ
һ̫ˣǿסգҲҪˡؼǣˮߡ氡
ɱԼǵľѪ͵У̫ݶˣ
һΡΣˡ
Щ̫Ϲ棬һ̣ЩΪīеȴһֵ˼ҲûСΪǸˮ棬޶Թһ֣͵뵽ⳡȥˡ
ǳīܹʤռرԵƣôδɡ̵һС顣
ڳīǴƵУǲţոս̫ϾûжĳīܹһսʤѪʢµ̫Ϲ档
崫⾪춯صһīֱӭȥ̧־һȭֱԷľơ
飡
һ죬ֻƣֱƹǷ顣
־޴Ĺͬ춯ء
ˣ
ûзӦʱһѪɫâѾˣ
ˢ
ǵѪɫֱն崫ͷ­
̫Ϲ棬ʱ̣Ҳȫˡ
Ҫѹⷽأ׽ƬأǹͬĳС
ֶΣ൱¡һǵĳôīжܵơ
仰˵ͻΪ̫Ϲ
ˮе㣬ϵϽˮУ
īϣȻ䱬һķַ֮֮ͬ޴ļһ
꣡
ֱӽ̫Ϲ沼µĳ򣬼˸ϡã
ͬʱīһҲն崫ͷ­
꣡
崫ͷ­ֱӱһն䡣
һĻֱԶΧ۵Щ̫Ϲɵˡ
ǵľ磬ûڵһʱ䷴Ӧûܿʲô
Ѫӯ˼崫棬Ϊʲôûܶ㿪һ
˵Уȫޱȵĺ档
ţ崫ԪҪͷ­ѣҪߡ
īϣֱӷɳһ⡣
ֱѹȥǵԪ
īһ
һͬɥӡ
崫Ԫֱӱˣ
Աƻǿ󵽲˼ıըϢıˡ޾ľֱӱ˽ȥ
㻹ΪҪܶ꣬ǵԪΪϣֻǻձ˵ĵк;
īǱԼǿƥսֱӽʣ̫Ϲŵü״ס
Զսһ̫Ϲ૵һ˰֮ͨʵ


1742 նݳ
īûиʣ̫Ϲ̫ʱ䣬ֱӳ֣һһѹսֱ̫ˡûи֮ǰЩ̫Ϲ޷׷꣬ôӵǿսġ
ֻعΣ̫õ¡ȴûмīִڡ
Ҳֻѹͨ˵ĴߣӵֿµҲǲ²ѡôǿģǸûڴ֮ǰҲ˻䡣
̫Ϲ棬īһһɱǵԪȫˣյ档ڲ磬ʲ
Щˮ̫Ϲ棬ԱĻᶼûеõʵлᣬҲûȻĻҲǵɥĲľٶ
ⳡսǰ󣬻һͨʱʱ䡣Ѿ׽ˡ
̫Ϲ棬ȫ䣡
ֽ֮ǰս̫Ϲ棬ζġ̲ܶסڣΪʲôûստʼʱ򣬳ְīһ£ĻǺģõīһˡ
ڣ˵ʲôˡȻе޴źͬʱĸоȴޱߵ𺳣
ֲ̫ˣ
һȻʤ˸ɴ䡣
̫֮սһ̫ϣ澳۷ʿŻеΰ
⣬ûн
ī׻ɱ̫Ϲıֱ֮ϥУֱӹͨķˮơȻǿֲ˫ʼͨб仯
Ϊֻб𳹵ЩֲŻѡǾ֮ȴڵһʱ֪Լ˭Ҫһʱ䣬Ѽ䡣֣ҪǺ⵽ҵı
ΪǿͨݵǴڵġǼ仺ѣôͻܶࡣ
һУڳīǰû塣
÷ˮͨͨ硣ÿһطκһ䣬޷ĸ֪ǿ䣬ҳƵĶȻپܵݺͼ㡣õǸˡ
⣬յĴ𰸣īʶֱӽ뵽ľʶȥѰң
ܹһģ£ӦǴ棡
īȴҲѾĵҾ죬ҡʵ
ϸִͨۺóī绢һ㡣ޱȵǿᡣ
ʮ֮⣬һɽһ̬ɫﳤݷڴڸոգȻ˫ۡ˫Уżã֮ɫȻһģ̧ͷƺ˼Լ˭˯˶⡣
ţȻһ
ԴױѪʳʳһѪӣ˳޾Ĵ͸˵ر֮
Ѫݹֲȫʼ賤żжһڣǳһڱѪݹֲҲ˾޴ĺô
úܶżȻˣȫ𺳲ѡ׷ʲô
һ죬дʿһͷʬ
һǧ֮⣬һɽеĶ档һչ޾µĵʿͻȻѪӱ飬˵ϡ
ͬʱ飬ͨ磬һ˲䣬ͷ
飬䣬屬飬ڷ
ңȫ൱أû֪ǴڹҲû˷ȥˡ
īУЩ𺳡
ֻ̫Ϲѣµķߣ
ңЩ飬ˣ
кܶޣдҩľ
ֶΣīŵĸо
һ֮ǰĶ䣬ī̲ס̾˿Ⱥŵ϶ϣ˶ٵĺ֣˶ٵֶΣ
ң⻹ֻһͨѣǧأ˭ұ֤ûһĺأ
ͨ겼ţ˭ܱ֤̫Ϲ棬ûֲã
һᰡȻûпǹ⡣īȻԳһЦֱվ˲Ϣ䣬ǧ
Ȼÿһֱӽ뵽һͨŵȥ
Ȼ˵ҪնݳǾͱҪնݳˣ˵㻰
īֶȻסΧ۵Щ̫Ϲ档
˵īһ׾ٵĻɱˮ̫ϹǸе𺳣ôī˿̵ľٶȺ̫Ϲȫðһ亹
ӡҲǹݰ
̫Ϲ棬Ҳ
ԣҪǳնݳĻ˵ʲôʱ򣬾ֻһѡ
ôôֲͨе̫Ϲ棬¶ûа
Ŷ󰡣
ôһ̫ϡ涼ûƺȻֲֶֿΡ
ɵһ壬Ҳܵӡ
֮ͨϣַ
ĸûмǧĺ䡣Ҫȫīֲûˡ
Щ֣ÿһǺķ˴ԴġֻҪ䳹׾֮󣬼лһ̤̫ϾĴڡ
īıվ˶ǰЩ̫Ϲµĺ֡ʱûôǹ⡣ǸʱҲû
һϣܹؼī˵ţֱֿʼˮͨͨѰЩ̫Ϲµĺ֡
ôһ˴⣡
ôȥܶˣѾ˾Ӣ˵Уӵ˲͵ݣ
ֻǵľ磬ûôˣīʶ׵Ŀ̽Щ˾ʶеͷ
Щи֪ģܷ֪Լ˿̽Ƕûз
еˣʶȫԳī壬ǿҵԸӵĺ⡣ȻױֳȴȫֳޣԿ
ֻҪлᣬǾһī߳һ
Ѿ˿ʼôˣ
Ĩɱ
ָûκκԥġ
īһͨ磬һ˲䣬ֱӱͷ­
ʶĺ
һУīϣҲ¶ƣ֮ɫ
Ҳǻһ̫ϣʹʶҲͳ׷ˡ
˵īΪ磬ĸһ̫ϣʮԵ
īĻָţ˷嵱зӵ롣
е̫Ϲ棬ȫԶԶĿţǵУûһ˿һԳīֵͷǶڣӦǳӷǳʱ򡣵ǣȴһ˼ûС
ҡ
īһµʱ䣬ŽȫΪָ
˴ʱЩҲ·һǧ˻м˲ˣ
óīк𾪡
ķȻû̫ս£˵ˣҲ治
·Щ浱С
ԣīҲܺ档
ܿ죬ɫ΢΢̲סЦصô


1743 ǧ
ҿī뵽£÷ȥôһ⣬ȻĻ˵Ļڽָ鷳ΪһЩ·ĺ֣Ѿ׾ѣҶѾĳɳˡǲս˫һ棬ǿƶ콾
īĵһʱ䣬ϳ˳īЩȻ̫Ϲ棬ڳī֮ȥֶΣԣЩ˼УŶԳī൱ǿҵĳ޸衣
Ҫǳīôһ⣬ʮЩ̫ϹµѾѵĺһ飬˵ò˶꣬ͻһȺʿٴλصͨ硣
ǻԶԳīʲôв˵ȴȻһСв
ЩԶΧ۵̫ϹǲûɢȥȫɫӵĿһĻвɵЩȻ
ȫɵȻܴӳīЩзܶϢʮЩ̫Ϲ棬ÿһĺ֣ƶѾˡ
īȷǿᵽ̾ΪֹĵزˣֻҪͨһ죬ûȥǡ
ʮһֱ񳯣ڽ˵ζ벻ġ
ҵģû˻ͬ顣
ԳīĿ־壬ͬɱ⡣
ԣЩ̫ϹһȫȻȥˡûгīһк
īҲûЩˣ֪Щڰйۿȴ⡣ǿҲãûͷѰ鷳
ָһ֮󣬳ī뿪ٴλع塣ˣ屻ĶԹ೹˽ˡ
ŵЩ̫ϹͷīûȥᡣҲô׵飬ųһɳˡ
󣬳īʼ˱չء
һαչأǧͨ꣡
ˮ˵ʱֶ˸Ԫеϵ֮⣬ûκԡ
ǧ꣬˼ڱչء
ͨ磬Ҳûз̫ı仯
ӢȻǿ󣬳ҲȻ޵УڰĻɸ֮ϡ
ܶطĺ֮£Щ̫Ľ̫ղĵطڰ
磬
ȻҲкܶ𡣱˵ߣвǻʥʥʿ׷̤澳
൱ˣҲѾΪһʥ
Ļǧʮꡣ
ڸ˽ȺһȾơŵꡣ
īߵЩѣ˵ǺŽġ˴˼䶼ơ
˽ʵҲٵķһЩСȦӡ
˵˽Ⱥˣ֮䣬ԹϵҪһЩ
ȺīĹѣƽ۵ʱһЩ
桢̡塢˫Ⱥ콾ʵҲһ콾֮ĹϵҪһЩ
ƮŮȺӹиǹϵһ㡣
ۣȺ֡
˵ҵĹϵܲ
Ĺϵ൱ųī뿪棬֮ͨ˵ı仯൱
ܶʱ򣬵۽ؽ֡
һսøߣܹԶķ羰ʱؽ͸֣ͻᷢı仯
󹫼ûϣʵͿԻΣϲ͸ϻƹһҲѾԻΣԸϣֻצӶžƱҲûΡ
ô󹫼Ļ˵ǣϻ㼴ʹΣҲģ
󹫼˵֮ⷬ󣬾һļɹ
һϵǵ治
Ŵ󹫼˵ң뵱꣬Ҳ뵽Լнӡģζ벻ʱԸȢ÷Ȼܸīһһĺֵܡ׻ƳǣԼš룬ֱͬһΰһΡҾȻѾ˼ǧꡣһʥ
˵ͽһ˵õȮ졣
󹫼ϻƶбһ۽󹫼˵Сӣ˵ķϣһʶ˵ǵСĵ㡣үǿǳīʦ֪ʲôʦ𣿡
ǣ֪ҵʦ
󹫼һ⣺⣬үүȿȣоеŤүǿСӳɳġ
󹫼λ൱硣˼˶ءΪʦⷬʵԼ˵ġǳī׿˵ģ
ʱīԼߵЩûôѣһһĽܸеȺ顣Ϊīһ죬ߵܵ˵ıӡ
ĿУЩˣʸˡΪκαˣԼߵЩί
ΪĲͬǳīҪȥԼ
޵ʱҲһȾƣүѾôˡ˵еԽԽļơʵ˽ʱȥһͷһĳߡʵϣн磬Ƿǳġ
ֻүޣȻ걻īʱ൱áһʿһ̶ȣľǻۣⲢ˵ܹ׽顣ԵҲֻǿ˴ʥ⻹ǳī˴ƷԴӲѳġ
īеźҪȺˣȫ澳ģ
뷨Щףʵ֡Գī˵ȴдա
ϲ¶
£үӵǺܿÿѾ൱ˣ
ˮȫǴʥʿĿڣͬɾһ㡣
ӷ־ԶǸһЩڳīİ£Ӧкܴ澳Ϊһͷ
־ԶԸȣǳ죬ԳīСȥκ顣ΪСµʱѾ֪Լʲô顣Լжˡ
ߴɵЩһǸԼǡһ˵õȮ족
Щ˵̬ǳĺãرƽ͡
żչؼ꣬Ȼ֮󣬴ԼһƷƷ裬ȺȾơ˵ӣɵ
ЩˣҲࡣ꣬ʮ꣬ҲᳬһꡣҪһۡ
һαչسǧˣ壬Ҳֻгīһˣ
ǧʱ䣬īһҲֻعΡ
ÿһΣ֮󣬶Լλһʱ䣬Сһ¡Ȼ󣬾ֻٴνչ״̬ÿһγصʱ䣬ͨᳬꡣ
Ҳ˵ǧ꣬īصʱ꣡
ںܶ˿е㲻ġͨĺƽī֮ͨĳƺţѾһ򵥵ĳƺͨ鹫ϵģ
£ʲôʹųīƴȥ
֪ģֻһЩˡ
ЩҲͬÿαչأϡ
ǰֵܣյߴʥѾ̤澳
һϵ顣
ٱħϡƮŮЩˡǽͨʱȻǶգȴ١
Ǹʱ򣬳īѾ˵һЩ
֮⣬īλӣˮıչʱ䣬Ҳ൱ġǵ츳ƶԴʲôģ˵ԣ嵱Уܿܣٴγһ̫ʿ
飬ͨĹʷϣǴδֹġ


1744 
Ļǧһꡣ
ͨ磬Ѿ׽뵽ȫµһʱ
еͨ飬ҲȫѾϰߺӦЩĻ֮ĺӣΪӦġ
һ죬īٴγˡһαչأһꡣ
еǣ඼Ѿϰ˳īÿǧһΣȫû뵽һΣīչأȻʱ䡣
ˣ嶼ĵġˣڱչ״̬¡
ȽЩˣҲȫڰıչء
ҲһЩˣѡȥˡ
˵һǣƮ칬Ⱥ߲㡣ȥɡѾ̤澳ΪľͷҪ̫ˡ
ԣҪôڳһҪôѡĴ
ͨ磬ûκ˸ҶԳ߳˲
ҲкܶˣƺīΪ
֪֮󣬳īҲȻʧЦתתһ޴ֻءƺţȻصϡ
Щ꣬һѩЩˣѰҺռ񡢷Ƶ顣
ΪЩһղ壬ңԶĽпܻΣ·İΣ
ȻҪ׽еķȫҵٵе㲻̫ʵ٣Ҳϣ䣬ʣµķͷԽԽáϣԶսԶҪٶȿ
һѩһƬڰȻǰֹ
ŮһЦ
ѩʵ㣬˵ЩΪʲôأҪô˵˵ЩΣʱпܻô
һ˵ǵġôˣҲǲ˽˵ѵӡ˵УȻеġ
ѩЦŵͷҲǣ㣬ЩϲҲ٣ʹûжĹ𣿡
һЦҡҡͷѩй𣿡
ûйѩᣬ̬ȴļ޾˵ϣ¶һĨЦݣʵôˣҲѾˡߣġҲѵ£ܵǡ
ǰʵͦõġ׷ϵĵֹ̣ޱȡңǴûԼгһգվƬĴϡֲ˼ͨءһϣ¶õЦݡ
Ȼ䣬һüȻ໥һۣӶԷУһĨɻ
ôʱˣ
ǰе֡˵Ӧð
ŮӵīصϢǳīԴݳġٻǻع顣
ǲǡʲôˣѩɫЩء
ЩȻңǵУȴһֱǵóī֮ǰ˵ģͨ磬ʱܻбΣ
ȥ񡣡һ΢Цһ£˵Ҫʲôص飬ͲǴˡ
Ҳǡѩ˵ͷ
Ůһɵĳųķϻȥ
һ̬ˣв١ȻΪʲôīʱزٻǻع飬涼ûر𵱻¡
ô꣬ˣѾγһֹеӡгīڣ赣ġ
ȴ֪˿̳īе𾪡
ûǸҪõľˣȻͲڳĵӻĴĺģ
ȻӰʧ䣬Ȼϳͨ硣īȴδֹͣǿ龧˵ѰҡҪõҪ
Ϊǿ龧ˣϵͨ
ЩīһֱڱչأȴһֱѰš
ֵͨ伮ϵżͨеһЩ񻰴˵
ǵģͨ磬һҲ񻰴˵
ڷ飬ʵһʱģй£Զģ˵˵ѾԶ޷֤񻰡
īͨһЩͨϵ񻰣иȫλݡȴȵķ֡ǿѰ˺ܶľˣпܣһֱƤӵ£
óīʮ
뵽ĵĺ֮ء֧еģȻžйأ
Ǿ˱Ǿͷųһ΢ĲĲ˥
īʶһ⾧еǱ𺳵ˡָоʵ̫ˡľ磬Ȼȫ޷ܳ⾧У嫵ΰ
ڳī֪⾧˵ͬʱȻ⾧˵Уһе־Ļ棡
ȻĿž˱ȡߵĳ
һʵӰ£һź֡ͿĳࡣɢǹƣܹоǸ˺ǿ
ȳīˣҪǿ
񲷶֣Գī˵ѾǺǿˡֵӰɢǰǵƣĲʲôˡ
˽ȡĿžˡ̣Ǹɴ䵽£
Ȼ󣬳īĸͨĺ嫿ռ䣬ʼֳ˥ܵľһЩطѾʧȥ
һĻʱ򣬳īġˣ
ޱߵĿ־У˲˳īȫ¡ȻΪּ̫ߵľ磬һ̣Ҳ̲סһ־
Ŀž˱ȡߡ̹Ŵ磬Ҫˣī
¼ī֪֮ǱߵûвȻסã˵֮ǱߵˣܿͻַӦ͸־ٴ롣
û˾ˣıѾǲת顣ܽЩٶȷŻȥ
£Գī˵ȴǸһ¡
ΨһģǱ֤Լǰһ飡
Ǹ˼ȻѾȡĿ龧ˣûеȡ顣ԣҪôöԷʧܣò龧ˡͬʱҪ֮Ǳߵˣ̹Ե
Ϊֻѵƿбϣ׳ȥ
£Գī˵ļ̼䣬֮֡
ЩΪȻһֱСҪͻ̫磬뵽ߵȴȻңңڡ
ЩԪֻصĴڣͻīŶ䣿
еһ磬Ҫһޱѡ·˵죬·ǵⶼǼûа취Խġ
ɲǳīŪԴܰ츳һ˶ѻʥʥ츳㲻Ķѻ澳
ϽһĻûܹ
֮ǽߵЩˣȫټȻоӢ˵ЩˣԼͨУ顣
īӲоԼΰ󣬵Ҫͨ޾飬ʹļ尾еȴĽ٣ͬҲ
ţ̫޼ӣ϶ҲԸ⿴ػ޾µ磬ӡ
硭̫Сˣ
ȻʵϣѾܴˣǳɽӺҲһӦȫѾһĴ硣ͨǧ˵̫Сˣ

ԣҪ


1745 ͨʷս
ټߵЩ֮󣬳īʼϵڲ֮ǰԼЩһطΪܵķطһء
ЩطǱһŵĴ磡
ĩ٣ôȶ飬ҲԼ컯ˡ
ī̾˿ͨ绹˵·Щô죿ѵԼҪһһ߹ȥ飬
ܲʵ罫ô飬ж飬Ըųīȥأ
ʱ򣬽ᷢԼ޷¼
ҪܽЩ棬ȫҲŽ磬ȻһߣǾͺˡ
īһŲ磬һ
ʱ򣬳īԺУһǽ磬棬ͽ˲Ϊһ磬Խȫ棬ֱӴߡ
īֱӾЩˡΪݸģ߱죡
߱飬ӰīҲֱ治ΪһûκȻҲܲ
ͨ龧ˣīȷߡΣҲǸˡ
ӣīʼԲ磬звǳӽȥϷڲ֮ϡȻС
磬ԽԽˣ
īͨа˴֮ءܶطǧһߡ
ӣīǳæ
磬ҲúӴͬʱеľҲøŨ
ڣߣߵˣȫˡ
һ죬īҲˡ
ȺˣȫۼһС档
ȻվߴȺˣ˵缴٣Ը⵽һȫµ𣿡
ȫһĿųīܶոմӱչбѣ
īĻ˶̲סһ֪д¼Ҫȴû뵽¼Ȼص̶ֳȡ
磬Ҫ𣿡һ˫۽עųī¶ŵ֮ɫ
һսѾ޽ӽ̫Ͼ磬кͷѷһڳīʱգӳ̫򣬻ǲѵġΪţֻҪʵĻһܹѿҷչ
īͷıڵơѾǲתˡҵĹ㣬£Ӧûּܼꡣ
ǰЩ˿϶ΪѾ̫ˣ
뿴ͨļ갡
˵ʱ
ڵ۽磬֮ȥҪ̫̫߳ࡣȻ꣬ǵָһӼ䡣ʱ䳤еĵλͲֵһᡣ
ǣȥأʵ
Ϊ磬ҲѾﵽ澳۷ĲΡս͵Уࡣǳ񡣵ͬҲͲһֻҪһȥô棬ҲΪչ档
ҵ硣īֱӿ˲ĴţһĴ磬ֱչָڳˡ
˶𾪣벻īȻԭֻһСĿռ䣬쵽̶ֳȡҲֻгī־Ĵڣˡ
˵û
˵ҲûС
ЩˣкܶȻûܴнѳ
Ļһ𣬺ܶ˾˽ֹͨĩǲѾˣ
ǧһֱܰȣҲϰеȴʱܻ뷨ΪûԸֿ־ѹС
û뵽һ죬ҪˡվҪԵġ
ãǻгī
ûǿ죬Ĳ֪Ӧúȥδӡ뵽⣬гϵˣһָо֮£Ӧ˵һ˰ɣ
˿϶ûʲôΪⲻܹԸԸΪתƵ顣ôԸҲֻĬĬĴӦ
˵涼ףʵϣϣīҪܵѹ϶ģҪ
׼һ£ڽգһὫǨȻ󰲶ٺ֮һὫͨеװܾ߶ˣҲǺϣԸɡ
ī˵
ڳˣǳĬһ£ţȫ̲סĹķĵģԳīĸϿɡ
ΰ󡣡
̫ΰˣ
飬˭ġ
ӣͨ磬Ĵȱ֮ˡ
֮ǰΪӶԼʴȣԵĺڿȴСˡؽȣͨ磬Ҳûжܹ߱
ʲôûжˣǸûкðɣ
ȫˣ˶׼
߻һЩûܼʱǶѾõ֪ͨˡ
ͬʱ߲㣬ȫΪܵķֹʱ򣬽Ϣɢȥ
СۣˡʱϢɢȥͨȫǻһҹ֮
īڼͨ磬ϵĵкͷĽ
˵ֽǿġֻҪ㹻֧ţôͻ᲻ϵ󡣵ʱ򣬾һֻҪĴذͿˡ
ī׽Щǳͨĸ֮ϣԼĹ켣Ҳкܶ࣬ǿס˵ġ
ֻЩǳܹסްˡ
ǳҲֻܾסǧڵ˿ڡٶĻ޷֤ǿǳϵƽˡ
ͨǧ棬Ǳˮн
һͨû˾ˣʼݽߡ˥ܣһȫḶ́Ȼ̣ޱվǣ綼һ
ԣīͨͬʱҲҪ뵽δķչ
˵Щװ磬´ˡ
ʵϣֻǵһ
ʣµģò磬ܹĳΪһƬЩ飬ڲУͨ磬û̫Ĳſԣ
ȻĻǶԴᣬͿս
ʱīٳָԤĳҲͱζʧȥԭ塣
ԣȶ飬Ȼ󡭡Щ飬ͬҲǺóī˼һ顣
ãٳЩ飬Գīľֵ֧ġ
Ƕ֪īҪһ뿪ˡԣǧ㲻ᣬҲȫֵرϡ
Ļǧһ꣬עҪͨʷʷһ졣
Ϊһ죬ͨʷսһ졣
ī壬ǨƵ˲ȥ
һ̣Ѿһͨϵһ˲˼ĵλ
ʮѪ£Ҳһ̣˲ɵ


1746 Ǩ
׷µĶǵ˾ֻع֮ͨ󣬵ȵˣ
ڳɵһ̣ʮѪ£ȴûԼǰ֣˷ֱܵɵĴߡǴף
õһ˲䣬ҲĿˣ
ԣʮѪ£˲Ϣ䣬ʮְ壬˲ȥ
⡢ܻա졢ءն硢һ
Ƿֱ𻯳ʮּİ壬磬ΪķΪһѹ˵Ĵڣ
Χǿž˵ܣת
Ҳֱһ̣ʮѪ£ҵǴȫڡ
ѡԹ޻ڡĴмο
Ҳֱž˵פһ˼
īʱ˵Ļһ޽Ĵȥѹˣ
̫ϾʿҲȫѹǹ۲ִεģҲδظ档
īҲôǣһ˿Ц
ҷӡطӡ˵Ϣ׸ڲסˡ
īڽװȥֱ֮Ӷ뿪ˡһΣַûˡʲôҲˡֻʣһɼ׵ľ޴Ԩ
󣬳ī˾Ӣ˵ܲ
׹ųߡ
׹ųűɺͳӭ
֮󣬳һصĿųīʵˣ
īͷˣѾǨˡ
һƽٰűϣ¶ƣ֮ɫ̾Ϣ
ɺϣҲ¶ı顣ΪǱߵĶԣͨеЩ飬ûб£Ҳûдȥ
ųʧվһЩϢ˳ͨ磬һֹƽС
һЩŵ̫ϾĹ棬ʱ׷׳ˡǸ֪飬ȴܸܵĲǻڵȣҪ֪׷ʲô
ʵԴͨĻʱܶԶ׿ʶˣѾףһЩ飬Ҫ
ӢЩ꣬ҲһֱŸ׼Ҳȫ׼
ߣҲʼɡī
ĬĬͷõģʼɡ
󣬳Ӣ˵кĳԱۼǽ˼顣
ͨ缴ҪǨһµļ԰
Ը⻹ǲԸ⣬ϣܹͬˡ
ͨĻѾǲˡ£ֻ·һ
ûи˽Ӻ嫵ĹҲı¡Ϊ£ԼоǳãȻ˵ȥֻ˶ʧȥġ
ˣȻкܶ˸е𾪺š
ǳĸˣ壬ѾǨˡ磬ǳƳһ硣
ڣһѡġоӢ˵ĺĳԱҪô˺δڳϣҪôͨ磬繲
νĹʵûд棬ֻ
ЩӢ˵ĺĳԱȻ׳īһĴڡȻеֺ̿ԳīȴȻѡεġ
һΣͨ缴Ϣվ˳ȥ
ͨ磬ʱʼ
Щ̫ϾĹǣҲڶסˣȫ׷׳Ų׹ųǵķ
ҪۼһīҪ֪׷ʲô
֮Ը˳īͬʱҲǸֺ־޴֮ţšʱӢѾһˣǨƽȥˡ
͸ɢ֮ţϡ׹ųǵǣǸ档
ȫһĻ𺳵ˡ
īûʲôЩ̫ϾĹ棬δǻ𵽺ܴõġ
˵߲εսδʸ롣δҪ飬ֻսѡ
ԣīʮ̫Ϲһ𣬸˵˹ͨ缴ٵĻһЩ顣Щ̫Ϲ棬Ҳ֪ʱ
޾֮ǰʵҾͻɹǷǻһСֻҲ֤ݣΪܽ뵽ҵأҲû취뿪ǼӲֺصƤǡ벻ۣȻġ汲޾ֻص磬Ȼֻһٶѡһͷ׵̫Ϲ棬īĻ֮¶Ц
˼ǣ֮ĳϴڣ˽ӶΪЩţǱΪ˵Ķһ̫Ϲ濴ųīʡ
ǵġīͷ̫޼뿪ͨ磬ʵҲΪ˱硣ǲºڰĻĻʱͬҲΪ˸ȡһʱ䡣
ҵǾãģǸȡʱ䣬Ϊֻɳǲоȡһ̫Ϲ̲ס̾Ϣ
־磬ʲôûԣڵ֪һЩϢ֮󣬺̫ܿ顣
࣬ҶѾ֪ˡһáī˵
Ȼ߰һ̫ϹԥĵڳĴҵΪֻڽҵȱؽȫһά硣
ⲻǰæڰԼڳЩ̫Ϲ棬涼ĺܡͬʱԳī飬е塣
˵ȥηīоŷ־ţֻһ𾴣ô쿪ʼԭֻһ𾴣˲ʮɣԭη壬˲䣬ɢˡ
һ̲˴ȱˣȻΪ˸ùһЩ׺ֶΣڴʱ˿ִǰЩֶΣҲ㲻ʲôˡ˵ʮЩ̫Ϲ棬Ӧá
Щ̫Ϲ棬ܿ㶼ɢȥˡǿʼصԵļ壬һЩϢȥ
Ȼǲ˵ô͸īһĿǣҲǲЩ֪̫ණ֮󣬶δʧȥġ
ͨ磬ѾǶˡЩ̫ϹԻع飬ͨ磬ʿǿ飬˷硣
ʼд飬׹ųӿ
ֻҪǻ۵飬û˭ԸѰһ
ȻУȻҲкܶˣ¹ı۵˵˵һıһ֡ҲһЩʿ飬ʼһЩľٶ
Щվоͨ飬ȫ˵
ǧǰ̫޼ӵ뿪ĻĿѾԤе˽ᷢ顣
žӢ˵Ǩƽīڷˡ
ֱӷͨ磬鰲ģһȥġ
һͨʷǰĴǨ㣬ʹĻ
ʮʱ䣬īշתءԸ뿪飬ȫ
̣
ֵ̿ģЩյʮӵܡһʼΪὫǴߡ
Ƿ֣ػУ̫ࡣ


1747 ŭ
Уīһֱþ֮Ų緶ΧϽɹĽͬʱͨеĴɽӺ嫵ƽԭ޴ıԭȫīһһͽ˲ȥ
Щ̫ϹǣӢһԳ棬ά򡣿ʼֵֽ̣
ͨ磬¶ûŽֱĺһģˣΪһĿŬµ˻Ƿ飬ڵһʱ䣬ͱֱѹȥˡ
ΪŬ˭Ҹƻ˭ĹУ
ʽ£棬ֱһƬ
ֿǰĳ棬û֪άֶ꣬գȴе飬رĸо
ͬʱ磬Ҳ֮Ϊ磬Ǩеһ죬¼ΪԪĵһ졣
ͨ硣
Ļǧһٶʮꡣ
ͨ磬һ޴ֿտ硣
Ȼ飬Ѿ൱ϡˡ˺ĳ̶ȡ
жԴҲȫȥ
ⳡǨ㣬ͨųϵԴȫˡ
һ޽ķ֮ء
īʼǧ棬취ǨȻѶȣǳ֮
ȣ֮ţȻޱȾ޴󣬼ֱ̾ΪֹǳȣͬһҪֱװһģŶĴ棬Ͳܡ
ңûͨľ˵ĻЩװҲų硣ɲ
ӲҪһöװһӵһǸͲܵġ
ھ˱īõˣѾڲȥһԭġӵֱӱ˾޴ޱȵġôֻҪŻ㹻󡣻а취ЩСҲͿֱӽЩץˡ
ŻīȻø󡣵Щ棬ʵ̫ˡŻٴҲװ¡
ԣīɴ׼ЩһǱС
һ൱ΣյľٶΪϵһСģпֱܻ޾鸲
ԣȻīžԵİգҲòС¡
ͨ硣
Ļǧһٶʮһꡣ
īһʱ䣬ڳɹһ档ֱһ򡣽īԼЩŵĵز
УһȫʩչǷҵԺ͵ҵľԣУ˾޴áУīҲ˸ȥûнӴط
ЩطľãȫԼһϵ
ˣīһ磬Ѿ޵Ľӽ˹۲ߵĴ澳硣Щ棬Ҳûгīַḻľ
һĴ棬һǳС壡
˸е˼ġ
˵һεĳɹ˳˺ܶࡣīԷúƿأҲӦ֡
Ļǧʮһʱʷİٶͨ꣬īڽȥĹ磬Ǹ֮棬ȫϣ
ֱӵеֶΣ
ǴȥԻ𺳵ڵ顣
Ϊ֮ǰû顣֮أīҲǾ޽еġ֮һʱҲûгī˳
ʣһ棬ԼĹ磬īЩͷۡ
Ϊ棬û취
ʵīڸտʼʱ򣬾Ѿ뵽һڶ棬δôױ
Ȼīʱֻ΢һ£ʧܡͱŵһȥ
ʣˣīʶɨһ硣൱Ľû̵ġЩطǳīµģ
Ȼó
ʱ꣬Ƕˡīһλص档
Ϥ磬óīһƣģܵһ˿ů
漴ٶȣ˼֪˼ܶࡣ
𾪣Ҳ̵ʱ䷴ӦԥĵͷӦˡʲôЦ̫ˡ˭ҲӦīͲẦǡͨ磬ֻʣôһĴˡ߻ڵʲô
򡭡Ǩߣ
·İ˴Ǩߣ
У޾Ͳ֪ʲôΨһЩΪǿģܸо磬˾޴ı仯
Щλ棬ҲīǨˡ
£ҪЩ滹ҪһЩ
е飬ǧ˵ġΪֱӳΪеľ
ʣЩ棬ȫīֱӸ޾֮ϣ磬Ѿȫ׵ĸ뿪ˣ׵ĶϾеͨ
ҲֻгīɳС
Ще飬гһܹ̫Ͼ磬ȻĻһҲû뿪ˡ
ʵûʲôɱģΪЩ棬ƱīһſǳʵϣǬޡȻޱߣƵ
ڳī飬ȫǨУǸյĳھ֮
Ȼоһޱǿҵļ£
·һž޴ƥֹ
īֱӽ뵽УһǸصĺڶǰȻûаԥֱӾ˽ȥ
飡
ڳīʧһɲǡ
һɭ˲ϯ棡
Ȼ棬ͬǸڶһ𡭡Ȼ

һ˵ŭտߵͨ
У˿־ķŭ
һʵӰӣϣ޾ĺŲߴ󣬵ȴһָо·ͨ磬޷ɡ
Ӱ۾λ⣬ըǱ߿ȥѰʲô
ܿ죬㽫ĿǸڶڵλϡ

һŭ
һͨ綼Ҫˡ
ַʼֳƺҪӰѹ

Ӱֱһ֣޾Ȼը
޽ͨ磬Ƿ˾춯صĴһѡ
ӰӿĿͨ磬ŭ𣬺
ȫû뵽أ֮ƭȴһĸͷ
Ȼǰͷˣ
ȻܴݵӦĲãͨ飬ȫˣЩŵҲûзŹҪǣˡûˣ
סô֪˵ܵģܵġܣ֪֮֮⣬ϣͲ֪ܡġСϣΪܵõôһҵ㣬Ȼ󣬽ʬΣҷģ
ӰȻವһ£ʧ
ֻһɪɪͨ磬ֱʱ˿̣ЩѡµŴγѡ
ףĩաҪˣ
磬Ѿײһˣ
飬źţҪѰҳΪʱ


1748 ɵ۵Ļҵع
ͨߵ𵴣Ҳ˻ҵǱߡǸ˵ĳ֣ͨҵ֮ѷԽԽͬʱ˺ܶѷ졣ӻͨĺڰĻҲǸ˸ġ
ԣĻҵ飬һӾӿ˽
ȫš質ššֱǰδеʱˣ
ͨ磬йôŵʱ
ӵЩ޴ѷ죬Ļҵ鿴ֱͬõ·ͬͨԴ֮أ
ЩͨĻҵ鲻ͬǣҵеЩǣЩסˡ
˵īõĴа𣬸īгĳɣĿĶĿ𣬻ҶѪӴЩ̫ϾĹ漶ڡ˿ȫˡ
̫޼뿪ͨʱ򣬾һӦϴڵֱֶ̫еĶīǧʱͬһֵĸӦȻѰԴ
²
һΣиӦôˡͨ磬ҵ֮ӵĴϣȻ޴ѷ죡
ֱǴδй飡һΣ
ԣЩҵеߣ̫Ϲǣ׷׳أҪЩججĻҵ飬һͨûзѹƵѷ죬һ˲ͨ硣
һ̣Ǿͳɵˡ
õĺڰĻ֧ͨ硣
ʶ֮һƬߡ
˥ܡ
ֱһĺ嫴磡
⡭ôܣаУ޾֮ɫһλҵ֣Ź˶ꣿôͱӣ
ȻûбŰɴݲĵز磬κУһױ˵簡
Ҳһͣǵһͨ硣ʵϣ޾֮ǰķ
ڵʱͨУֱõĵط
пܵĻͽǨƵˡϧǣͨеЩ壬ЩɶʿǵСܵһ˿һַ
ɻһ죬߾磬Ҫȫ
ֻζû뵽ǣһͦ졣ǣѾҪˡ
ʲôͨ硭ƽ𣿡Ҷһۣ壬ȥɷģǳš˿̣ȴãȻ
ǱߵѪӴ૵²ͨƽ٣飬Ҫƽ٣
аһӾή˺ܶ࣬૵ǰǣҪˡţͨУǰ֪顣ȻԴ飬һɨաǸоͨʧˣ
̫Ϲͷ־ͲΣ֪ȫǿͷźڰĻţǿʹѷи֪߷ˡ
ĿŭһţɽӣӦ飡
ֱӱһŸ̤óˣ
û˾ˣ粻˥ܣôǰˡ
£ĿһţƻġΪûֻ̫ڷйѡ
ҵĹ棬໥һۣӶԷпһĨ޾Ŀ־塣
֮ǰʲôϵжҲãҲգڴʱ˿̣ȫܵһޱ߼ʵı
ָоʵ͸ˣֱУΪʱˡ
˲Լƿ֮Уֱ˵ĸоһΡǵ
ʱ˿̣Ļҵ飬ͬȳһ뵽õ硣˷ܵĺš˷ܵĺš˷ܵš֮Ƿǳ˷ܣ
һʼһЩ澳ľͷ飬Ҳ˷ܡܿ죬Ǿʶ˲Ծеͨ磬ȫһ
̫ϾĻҵع棬̾ϢһǺԥ뿪ͨ磬ص˻ҵءҪΪδ֪Ľ׼ˣ
ƤٺҲҪһ£Ϊû˭뱻
аһҵĵла˿лаҲѾ׷ʲôалаЦţһ仰˵ʦǵõĻᣡ
ала˵Ǹī
лаͷһΣǻҵֹȥʱҳī޸һ¹ϵǸʱĳī̫ʢˡ񽫾ֱӿԴľӢսʿһΣȫû
аͷ֪ҵص壬ҲΪ˥ܵģӶ̲ˡ
лаͷʵǸʱӦøһģųīӦûܼǹһ㵱֡٣¼УӦһᡣϧѽ
˼˵ε¼УгīӰа΢΢üһ澳ʿô
澳ʿлаҡҡͷһѾ̤̫Ͼˡ澳ڵ꣬ʵǵõ̫޼ıӻȻĻɨͨʮ壿
˵⣬ла̾ϢȺˣʱĿǳˣΪͨңԴоȡ档ȷǵõˡջǰδеԴ㹻ǻӻġڡЩʲôã
аһһ˫У¶ǵĹâҡҡͷȻ˵ûϵǻ·
·лае㲻ŵĿԼʦ
аͷǸط൱ȶһͨһֱɣǸطʵǹϵһѪܣܶطɿˣͨҪ߹ͨȻҪۡ
лаŴа𣺡ʦѵ磬ĵɽˮĵز𣿡
аͷǵģɽˮˣ
ܿ죬Ҷ𡢶ĿѪӴͳҵе̫ϹǶ
ȻжٶԹڴ˿̣ǶˡΪѾ֮ʡ˭ףǲһܲˣ
󣬼еĻҵ飬ȫͨ硣ˣͨ磬ʷһΣҵ鳹ռˡ
ȻͨѾʼֳ˥ܵļȻųϵԴȫߡ֮£ǱȻҵֲпĵطҪԣĻҵ飬ȫǳ⡣ռ硣
ͬʱԴаΪ׵ҵع棬Ҳټ˴Լ澳ϵĻҵ顣ϰĴʥҵ顣һδ֪Σյ·ˡ
ǧ࣬ҵ·ʱ̫ϾĻҵع棬ȫɵˡ
Ϊ·Ѿ׷ˣ
ƣԶУҪϾ
֮ǰҵعǣһۣܿԴȥڣԼЩûˡ
ла̲ס쳤̾ȻһԹĿһǱߵ˵ûץЩŮʲôҪ㡭Һī֮ǰֺҪԽֳ棿
ǱߵһãȻڣʲôҲ֪
ԣһԹлаһ޹


1749 ãã
Ȼ֪Ϊץŷƣ˺һϵе¡֪϶Ҳ̫⣬лаָһô֪ͿԵסлаȫָˡΪʵҲȷڵʱлаҲ֪ȻĻ˵ʲôҲҪīġǸҲϧ
ʵܾа棬Щɣͨı仯ΪīôЩʧ˵飬ǳīߵģīһ̫ϾʿҲδɣ
ΪͬΪ̫ϾĴа𣬾ûȻĻҪȺˣطðգ
лаȴԳīżģΪֱͨ仯ī϶Ѳϵ
ҲûʲôˡĿǰٵ⣬ҪΣܴطӳȥ
һ뵽⣬аͬҲĻ⣬ҵе̫Ϲ浱УֻбȽ˽⡣ܶطգȴƫ˷ֻҪҵ֮ͨ·Ϳ뿪ȴûʱǷܹü⡣
ȥаԸȥЩѾ޷ص飬ֱݳȵ
Ⱥҵڵõ֮ûԥһͷ˽ȥ
ǰ;δܺùȺռͨĻҵ顣Щɵһ죬ɾͨ磬һ

һƬ޽УͻȻһԼ﷽Բĺڶ
ڶ˵̫޴ˣ
Ƭռ˵ȴСĿһ۵Ĵڡ
һڶ˵㲻ϵССӰţǺڶг
ǳī
˿̵ĳīˡѾ˿ˡ֮䡣
ʱðһǿ飬׾ٵľܽɱ
ܰԶ޾УȺ˸ԶĵطһƬƬǺӣ飬ǧϵǳ档ȻƬǺӣһϵϵγһ
ÿһ򣬶ͬһĴ棬޴ƥ
ֻ֮䣬ûκαϴڡԣһ޽硣
īǺڶг֮ǵڶһʧˡʧӰ١·ûгֹһ㡣
īˣƯ޾յС
ֵط¶ȼͣûκο˺Ŀ˵ⲢʲôҲܵκε˺
Ǿܵ͵ߣҪĿкУһѭϵͳ
īˣͬӡһ㡣
ϣԵˡǳս£ЩáǿĹɵս£
һֻ첲Ѿȫ۶ˣֳһ״̬ϵ߹ǣҲ˺ܶһȣȹҲѾϵ
һͨˣܵ˺Ѿˡ
˵Щֻˡīص˺ȴڵ
ò˵ɷ򹹼ĺڶʵ̫ˡ
ǹֱҪ˺һеļơǳī̫Ͼ磬ǿᵽ˳̶ȵʿҲûκȥֿ
ֻܾȥֵԼܵ˺øСһ㡣
ǿһʿߵķͬš
һڸī˺̵һΣһ൱صĽѵ
īƯ˺ܾúܾá
ͨĻҲнӽʱ䡣
īһ˫ۣڻ
۵һɲǣеķǳͬʱת
Ƭе޾Լ޾ǳɢǳ֮ͬʱųīӵ
ⳡ棬൱ľˡǱ˿һһ
ԳīΪĵƬգֱγһ޴ƥУеĵ㣬ǳī
ԼһʱīָڿԶˡ˹ָȻǣǣǿ¶һĨ΢Ц
ңţ
һ֮ͨ󣬳īڿˡ
޸жѵĲλȻϥĳ졣ֱӿʼ
Ƭ¼ŵе޾ǳ֮ȻԴԴϵע롣
ٶ֮ͨ
īƣ׻ָˣ
ûڵһʱȥеЩ飬Ϊľ񣬸ܹ֪飬ȫĺܺá
ԳīûֹͣĲǺڶеľȻһͬҲߵķ
ǳīһӴֹȥ붼ûķ
ԣȫָ֮󣬳īʼ
ռУʱŵ÷ɿ졣
գ֮䣬һǧȥȻ꣬Ҳǰͨġ
ī۵һ˲䣬˵ϣһӱһ൱ΰϢ֮䣬īУ·һӰӰأֱӳƬգ
Ŀ죬ȥҲ졣
ҲֻгīԼָо
һ֣һǳһ򣬲ţֱһ߻ĸоôѾ֪ǸϢ֪һ㣬Ǹôˡ
󣬳īվֹͣ
ȻǸټУ˲ʧˡ
ƬգҲ׻ָ
ĶīסЩãȻ
ɲͨ磬һŹͼͿ߶Ҳʧ
Գī˵һȫİĵطֵطû֮ҲûжϱããȻһƬ档
ôҶɹİǴˣ
īϣ¶һ˿Ц⡣У޾顣ľʶܹܵ־޴ȴûа취ʹá
ⲻǴȴҲͬһˡ
Ϊ磬ڡˣ磬ȻҲͱˡ
һ֮󣬳īƬãã棬ȵ߿˵
ȴ֪ߺͨʲôӡ
Ǹص׷ɱߣûеõǿ龧ˣ׷ɱ֮ȥ
Ѿǳīܹƶϳˡ
ʵȺҵ飬ռͨ缸֮󣬾Ѿ֮صǿʿҪѰҵǰԵϧͬһ
īƬռε˺ܶꡣ
У˲ǻ塣Щǻ壬ȫԽ֪Ըָ̬䡣ֻеīרͣо˺ܶꡣ˲Сջ
Ȼ֪ʲôطһֱܹ壬Ҳʼûм
ʱ򣬳īһҾ޴ս档
Ǹееһսսǿʮͨô󡣿֮󣬿Ե澳ʿĹ̫ϾʿսԵúܴˡ
սĺôǺʣٶȷǳ죬ԽпռԾ
īҪпռԾĻĴսĻȫҪһֻҪ㹻ļƷ쾧ʯ͹ˡ
ǸеīϵļƷ쾧ʯԴЩеս
ٿսģͬһǻ۵ڡԳԼΪԡ


1750 ټ
˼ǣǻ۵Ĵԡ
ųīƬããУ֪ܶ顣ͬʱӳīҲѧر֪ʶ˫֮Ĺͨͽһֱǳ졣
һ죬ͶӰһǳŮӡīˣ̲סһΪŮӣȥֱ覣κһǶȿûһǣҲ覴á
ŮӴһɴȹϲһ˿̻Ϣ
īŮϣҵˮӰӡ
ôͶӰһīЩʵ
ԡ˿ŮӵͶӰ΢΢һЦ˵ǸУ壬Ϊôɣ
ĽȫӦ˸īֽ֮ʽ
īͷֹǲֱ
ͶӰŮƺܿģȻ˵ĺ˼ЩûеĻе̫౶ˡκ飬൱׼ûһ˿Ҳֽ־һʼΪΪп־壬п־ͻͻʧܣǻзŭϲãͬӰ쵽Ƕ֪жϡǿ󣬳ӡȫ޷κϢ룬еȺûǿԣܸһҸеҡ
ī΢΢һЦŮ˵Ƕ֪ж٣
ҵϢյģбԵġıԵڵٶȣҪﵽҪһʱ䡣Ů˵
һꡭī̲סһ£˵⻹ǹôô
еܾӵأꡱʱͨǲġ
ʣԸݳīϰ˵ġ
ǵٶȣԽһ򱶣Ů΢Ц˵֮ǰеȺԴȫҲǴﵽıԵشԣԵľ룬ҲֻϢеһ㡣
вϵĿռԾأīʵ
Ů΢΢üƺڼ㣬һᣬ˵սԽдĿռԾܲסʱŤѹԳܵĻҪıԵҲҪʱ䡣
Ů˵ţīʣǿԳָǿȵŤʱѹġԣԸ⣬ǿԵԵġ
īЦҵ޵ġ
Ů˵ô᣿ľѾȫԽҵ֪м޵ġԾĻ϶ġһ죬ľʼ˥ߡǵоκľ£Զ˥ߵġ
Ծʽôī̫޼ӡţڣ᲻ַʽŵģ
ԣʵУԾŵкܶġӦҲʶٰɣŮʵ
īͷЩȷԾŵ顣Щǿ󣬴ľ壬Ѿﵽ̫硣һ飬ǼֱجһĴڡ
ڳīǰǻβʲôвīѵ֮ȫ֪Ѷˡ
ʽֶҾãؾĳ̬ڡʱлΪ壬ôǿ󣬵Ҳվ˥ߵһءŮ΢Ц˵սٵֻҪܴҵںˣҾͿһֱȥֻҪԴҾԶ˥ߡȻûôǿʵ
ԵĻóīéٿĸоܶʱ򣬵򣬾ͬ壬֮ͬײ˼ҵĽ飬ǺбҪһ¡
񡭡ǿɣӦȻڹأӴԵҲĵزǿĹҲһ죬Ҳᱻ
ߵľ˵Դľ䡣ī⣬ȴҲһ⣬ǾǣҪ㹻ԴȻǿľ壬Ҳվбһ졣
ǵģԣκʽڵǿܸиĻиĴڷʽԴ׷ȴһĹͬ㡣Ů˵šȻʧӰţսһ󾯱
ӣСģǴݻϢǰһĵطһޱǿ塣ǴѾˡʱսڲƾͶӰһž޴ͼƬ
Ǵ֮ǰݻһͼƬ
īֻһǳģӰվУûжֵļ󡣵սųרŸǴȴѾʧȥϵ
ӣǿ뿪ɣҵ㣬Էǵļʣٷ֮ʮϡƺܲ׽Ǵźšѳī
īͷ˵ռԾ
ˣ
Ҿ޴ƥսȻ䱬һ貵Ĺ⡣һӾʧԭء
ֽ߰˴οռԾ
īһˣҲһ˵롭
ԡī˵ţһֱʧսУһ̣īھսʮС
Ȼ㿴һŹâӰķһ
ˣ
һˣһǿƥʿ
īУ˲жϡǸ֮䷢ͻĻûпܻʤ
ţӰ˲ϢѾ˳īǰȻϵĹâī˵ʱ΢΢һϣ񲨶û¶κ쳣
âɢȥ֮˴һ£ͷ𷢡һſŮӼеӢӡĿųīУż֮̽ɫ´ī죬ֿһԶҾ޴ս
Щɻĵһߣ
ĲʶԼˣ
īаӰȻܰ˹Լļȫûˡ
𷢰µӣͨ磬ҪѰҾ˵Ĳ벻ôȥ˾Ȼ£ּˡ
ǡīͷ
ųīԺη
īһ۲Ȼ˵һСط
СطܳǿߣԲųīĻȴû˼ΪīĿռߣټֻһҾ޴սģͲˡԣ΢ЦʵôõֻеȺƳĸģոųǸСڼңҴˡ
īЦԴġ
һ۳īⶫʵûʲôá棬ͦġҲйһǱˡ
ȷ˲ײʶԼˣīҲͷŲԺη
˵֮ء׷һ
ī΢΢ü
ԣ͵ȡҪһֶ˵ûֶ磬ܿͻ᳹˥ߡ
īһӾˣȻѰǸȡö˵ˡ
Բս˵ĶôīУɡ


1751 ս
ųī΢Ц˵ͬʱһѰһѵ䡣
ī΢΢һŲ
ţǰѵҪϵܲ뿪硣˵ţ̲ס̾Ϣһϧǰѵڵ磬ѾϵˡΨһ֪ǰѵʲôеˣҲѾˡ
īһӾ뵽ϣΪ˵֮ͨ磬˭֪ǰѵԼϵĻҲֻǸŮˡѵѾ˲ɣ̫޼ӡûˣ
īŲɫĵǿϧ
΢ЦǰѵҵйϧǣҲ
⻰Գī˵߱죬Ҳ̹Եʲô˶ƿصġһ޴Ĳ顣
ԼͻȻԼ˵ô࣬ʲô˼
ʱ򣬲΢ЦſųīǰѵȻҲգҶȴǷǳϤţҲ˵ʲôطʵܸӦϣܹһģ硭Ҳֻһ˰ɡ
ī΢΢һݣҲЦȻǵӦúҵǰѵǡ
ЦЦĿųī˭˵أѵˣʵ̫ƻˡҵͨҪʱȴѾʧˡǿ龧ˣҲһʧˣЩ꣬һֱΪӦǱǸС͵͵ˡҵõһЩϢƺġ
˫۾ųĹâ벻;ˣȻȡˡôģ
ī򶨵Ц⻰ǴӺ˵ģʲôʲôˣʲôϵأ
ǾˣԴ˵ƺһ㶼ʮƽƺԶ˳īһ
īû˵
˵ԣֻҪǿ龧ˣͿֱӴͨ磬ȫ飡ǿ龧ˣУǿһ顣ӻЩ飬ʺϲ벻㻹һŴƵء
ųīСѣһװɣ
ֽףī̲ס˸ۣ˵˵ƢԣǺѱıءֻǲ֪һгһգܲʧһμ䡣
ţī򲷶еֵֹġʵʲôף
ǿ龧ˣҿԲҪдƣҲǴ֮ˡ
ī⣬бӣͺϴ˲һʧһΣͱɺô
˵еǰѵҲԲҪʵϣҪҲûáֻҪһȥҴȥ֮ʱ֮ʹ͸벻ĺô
㽻ףīŲ
˵㣬ΪһȥġҵĹܴͣҲ˵õ޴ĺôһϿҵĿųīţҲϣӻЩ飬Ѱһİ֮ذɣ֮ءԿ鶼ĺܺá
ǸīŲ˵У˵ǸΰңһӦ㡣ǣҸ˵ʲôô㽻ף
īЦ֪һʲôˣĻᱻƭˡһֱ˷ʤ
ɫ΢΢һЩĿųī˵ˣ˼ûоԵİգ˵Щ˼𣿡
˵ţȻǱҾ޴սһۡ
ԡҪ
īȻ䷢һȡ
Ӿ޴ս֮ϣֱӴһϢĹâ
â൱̫ϾʿմˣҲˡ
ԭսûģڳīָ֮£սϵͳУīӡһȥԵƿ֮£ӵ
һڣǺһ̫Ͼ飬ҲͰˡ
䲻֮£ʮа˾ĻشԷɺ򲷶ִڡͲ˵
ſϣ¶һĨЦ⣬Ȼһֱӳս˹ȥҪֱӻԡ
īٶȣ쵽
߱˲УһŲֱնȥ
ʱҲ˲ñ¶ˡȻ࣬ȴҲһĶǻңǾ
ŵ˵һԣԽһܹƹͨϵͳ
īڻеۼȽĹʽ
ԣһдõĻ顣˵ôõĳϦദī֮䣬ҲѾꡣ
īһĿ꣬ǲؾȵĲλ
ǹ۲ߣǴ棬Ҳҷλóīһնȥ
ֱӷ˶ԵĹ˲Ϣ˲ƣҪܿһ
ԣߣīɢǿʶ
սȴû뿪ǼŲ
ִŷĹȻܸʵԵ˺ȴ𵽸ŵã
ԵļѷɫκһʿԣĲλͬòǳܵĵط

Щŭˣһŭ
ϱֲϢ˲Ϣ䣬Ҹ޾ңԶյսֱӾͱˣ
ԣ
īŭĶԲչ˹
ѵϢܵʲôʱҶǡɱķ磬Ƕһ޶ģǳ䣬īңҵˣ޷ԴȻȥɣ
ī˵ҪòԼЩĵкս
ڵ꣬īڲǰûκЩ֮󣬳īսȣ˾޴
ԣһʱ䣬Ҫ׽īѹҲûôס
ϣ
߱һ
ϣʱһѪۣ
Щŵ֣ĨһԼָϵѪ˶סˣ
СûܹˣûѪ
ԣһ˲䣬ֱӾͱ̼ˣ
СӣѾɹļҵŭҪˣޱɭ
ͬʱϣȡһСһͭǹǹⲿλ߶೤ȥޱȵķ񡣶ǹϣɢǿϢ
һķ
ĿųīȻͻȻʧԭأһ̣һ޾ķֱӽīˡ
ţǷâƥĳǹǹ⣬ֱӳڳīüġ
ۣ
ǹֱӴȥ
ȴǷһŭ
ţī壬Ȼ顣
һӰ
ôô죿
ЩţԼһ󾳽ʿȻԿ쵽˳̶ȣ
ţһ
īһֱڲƨϣʱ߳ȥԶ
˶Ҫˣųǹɱġ׼ī׻ɱ㲻ƿѵҲԵõǿ龧ˣ
Що˻ŵǣʲôϵ
ʱ򣬰ѵ֮һԼͬĹ֮˭ִѵǾͲԼҪĵˣ
ˣСתˡ
ʱ仹ü

ֱʩչȫսһľɱ


1752 
ۻķֱӾ׼ĽīԪ
־ɱһܲΪѾԽ˳ī֪Ըһֲεķ
ˣ
īе߱쵱Уֱӷһ
ȻһϵӰһ߳Ȼ̧֣һơ
ţӰ˲ʧ
һȻҲȫʧˡ
ϵӰһ߻߱ĵС
īлĻᶼûСǶ߱˵лǰٴγȡ
߱飬һɻϢ
ÿһΣӰֵʱ߱ƺʹڱӡ״̬óīЩ⣬˵滹ʲôɣ
īҲȥЩֱӳԵķȥ
Ҿ޴ƥսһġ⻹ǲûʹߵķȻĻս˲仯ޡ
ԣ
ī
ӣ
һ΢Զ
īϹȥһƴĽСӡʱ˿ԾС档
ԾһʽīҲЩ˵סе̬ž޴Ĳ𡣵žͺá
ǵսϵˡЩơ
īѽСץЦʵиָĽ㻹ܽһսô
Ȼԣ˵Ǻܼ򵥵顣ǣҪռָߵȼսĽǳѡܶʱ򣬼ǧķΧ֮ڣҲõĶѰĽ֧ôӴսԽ͵
īЦ룬ЩӦһġ
˵ţīֱӽЩĸֱȫ˳
ֱӾʹˣѸٵĴӳīɳȥЩ𣬴ǽСͶӰһâƺڲЩܡ
Ƭ֮ͳ˷ˣµȻô༫ƷĽţҪóͿأ̫ˣЩУΪϡĶϡкöûмҿԷǡҪεʱðҿûֱ¡
õġīҲԼܹﵽԡ
ʱīʼһЩͬʱҲЩУΪ֣ȸԼһװĻ˵ǣǸһΣȫõˡ֮ǰܹ֮Ĵڲսֵһ˲䣬սеȫԼˡ
Ϊս飬ɱ⣬ֻҪţսʱ
ԴˣīȻǺ޳ɵģֻҪԻţͱʲôǿڣʱ򲻹κεطƾֱӽһޱƵϵܼңҲϹܼǱ߳һָ߾Ϳˡ
ϹܼҵҲ̫ˣī̫ۣʱһжҲӦ帣ˡ
Щ£˵򵥵Ĳټˡ
īоһµ޵ս
ǱߵĲӻԼ֮صıԵǳԼϿ϶Ƿʲô顣ΪܹԸоԼļƺһֿȱ
ʵܾ֮ǰйһָо
Ǹоǳû̫¡ǸоȻһεĳˡ
ʼƴּ㣬һ
ɫĻص֮أȻһʱ䡣
һʣȻˣ
ļ䣬Ȼкܳһʱǿհ׵ġ
Ҳ˵ʱʲô־磬Ȼȫûһȥ׷顣
òзǳŭе㾪֡
ʲôˣӢϣ˿һƬζʵ̫ˡ˲ԼƿصĿ־Уе
ԷĨļ䣬ûж֡ȻĻѾˡ
ϣˣӦþֻ֮֮⣬֮أûһ֪ûУȫݲκκۼüͷ
֮ûκζֵɣЩˣҪĶֵĻ϶ǻֱӻɱ
˵֮һĸף
˵ֵ֮طܵûʲôŭԵ飬ûбĸף׸ܶ֡
ǾǡУһ˲õϴڣۣ˸źĹâ
ȷŭֻ֣̿˼һᡣȻ˵ҵļУļ䣬ҪȥѰǸ߾˵ĸС͵ȻҲҪȥѰǰԵˡΪ򲻵֮£֮صЩˣҪͨǰԵ뿪硣
˵ţеĹâǿЩ֮꣬أҪ飬ҲҡΣ䱻Ĩ᲻ᣬǸйأ
󣬲ʼиּ㡣ϢۺһǾ˵ȥ㡣
ⲻݣļ㣡
һЩ֮ͼʡ
󣬲ڵóһۡμ䱻˶ֽţֳ̹ԵǸˣӦ߳ϵֱӹϵ
ҿ㣡һڵһʱѹ㣡Уǿҵɱ
ŭˣ
ݡλ;磬ϱðһһΡ
ʱв¹棺ټ
ҵʲô
ü䣬һĨɻ֮ɫȻվһɲҴκȥԼĸסȻֱӾͻᱻǿֲĸ׿˼
ߣǰһƬԻͶֹϵĹȺ
֮أ֮һĲڵء
ȻΪƬȺҲҪ
Ϊ˵һģֻһˣ
ǾǣԾ
֮أΪǿ֮һѾûгֹˣû֪ʵʲôب֮£û˸Ұ
ԾΨһ
֪׽ʲôжЩ
ʹߵ£ֱӽ뵽һŵСоʮ˵̨ף̨֮ϣһ
˿̣֮ϣһźɫ۵ꡣ
ⲷΨһԾ
סֱ֮ӱȭʩ
֮أٻҪݵĳϡ
񡣡ϵĲԾ˵һ䣬Ȼ
л״ؾص棬ȻҲʣŸ˵
Ծ˵Щ꣬һֱ׷龧˵飬Ϣ
ظףСϣ¶һĨ֮ɫܡ
£ܡǸȡ˾˵ˣӵŸ׵ͬʵңŷǳصķǷ򡭡Ʋ硣ԣȻΪ֮Ҳû취ݡλáԾƽڳһƽʵ
˵Ļȴľ


1753 ħɽ
ûȲ˵˵Ǿ֮£Ǳ˵ȡ㶼Ӧ֪мǣǧҪǾ˶κ˼ÿһ龧ˣϵɼκһ龧ˣڽ
ʱһ䣺ףǵȡ֮ˣͲմȾô
֮ϣԾ˵ϣصķӳ֡Ӧòһ磬ǴڷΧġһΧķȫͬʱҲ޼ԣǸ˲¡
Ȼˣ׸֮Ϊʲô˸ҳɱʵ
ҲԾü˵ٹ죬޷ݡڿ֤һ飬û뿪硣
ţ΢΢һ
Ծ˵Ϊûа취뿪磬ףҪȥˡҵǰԵûа취뿪
ǰԵ
һ뵽ǰѵͷ۵ĸо
ôˣԾĿŲȻ峺ȴòһݡ
æ˵ףû£Ҿ롭ȻôһҪǸ˵ǰ棬ҵǰԵ
ûǰѵ̫ˡ֮ûа취ѹⲻֻ֮ܽţ뿪ǵ׷٣Ӧǽ˹硣Ǹ磬ͬʧˡȴǸˡ֮ǣ²ӦǱйԵ˴ˡǸ˾Ȼߣǿ϶ǵȡ˵Ķ֡ԣҪһ񡣡
˵վһ
Ծ˵ˣŴˣȥҵǸֳ̹ԵˣȻ󣬽ãص֮һҪھ˵ȡߵǰ档
̲סʵףǰԵϣǸˣûܹ𣿡
ԾĵĿһ۲Ҫö˼
ʱоһݣһɺֱðæǺ桭
ǰѵҪ̹ŴѪ˼汸ˣܳС磬ǹ硣ܳǰѵˣǸ׽ˣ֮ǰ׽ˣֻ֮йһٲ־Ѫ֮йһ˺һ㾫ѪǶûа취ǰѵԾŲԣ㲻ҪͼȥǸ˵⣬ҽΪ˱Ҫκ˱Ϊлڹ֮ǰ뿪
Уеһ־磬ȴȻɼĸооޱܡ
ȴΥ׵ּ⡣
֮أ֮κķ飬ȫǽġԣķּϾ͵֮صּˡ
ŴȺ·ˣи׵ȥѰҡ
С
ôķչҪͻˣ
ˣǾž޵ƮŮۣҲ׻ƴŵĳϣǳīʦħ
úܶ˶û뵽ħȻǿ󣬵ںܶ˿츳ûкõܵĳ̶ȡ츳ĻˮЩ֮㡱
ǡǡԪһҪ̫Ͼˣħ
ֻһ£˶Ĵǡ
Ǿǣ磬Ƿ֧һ̫Ͼʿ٣
īѾܶûˣ˶ֻ֪īһţΪһֱȹ̡
ڶɽ£ħҪҳīúһ
ڸ޵սĳīյħݹϢ΢΢һ
ЩȣŶ갡벻ʦȻҪͻˣԳī˵һĺϢ
ħͻ֮Ȼûа취ī̫ࡣߵܹ̫磬Գī˵Ҳһ޴ĺϢ
ԣֱӽħٻ
ħ֮󣬿ԶͬǱһĶеɵۡ
ΪǸǱУʱо޴ĵ
ϸһۣħͷ֣ЩѰĸУ൱ѰĶϣ
ǣħųī
īЦʦҸһ¡
˵ţֱħֱ֮˹ȥ
·ϣīͽЩ귢һЩ飬ħһ顣
ˣħ֪īͨ뿪Ȼô顣ңЩ£Ѿȫħ֪ˡ
һ뵽ԼΪν̫Ͼħ̲ס̾ϢҪܰﵽ㣬Ǿ̫ˡϧЩˣֻȡ
ī˵ʦǧô˵룬һܹﵽҵġˡ
󣬳īħܸԣʶī֮󣬻ǵһμīߵˡҲܸˣĵһ߸ɻһ߸ħš
ħԵĴڣҲеܳԾϾȻʽš
ԵһУͬǳ档
һֱ˺ܾãħԼī⣬ֱʵɽ٣᲻ᶯ̫磬֧̫Ͼô
īͷ˵֧̫Ͼ٣϶ûġʦҲӦɽ٣Ϊǵһж̫ٵˡԸеʿܴĹ裻ҪģǿԽĵķȥ
ħųīɫ˼ǣ
ҵ˼ǣֻɽٵԽ࣬ɽٵ˾ԽߣǸ磬ơܱøãīħ΢Ц˵Щ飬̲һ㶼ûУҲǲеġ
ħ˳īĻʱ˳˼СͻȻеˣҲеˡųīħ۾˵ˣһĴ磬ʿ̫࣬ʿֻأĵվʧˡȻгһգʿԪˣ鳾Ҳܽĵȫ黹ؼ䡣
īͷ
ħֵһ磬Ǹ߾̫٣ͬҲ⣬򲻹ơױ٣
īٴεͷЩףΪʲôһ澳̫ϵʦˡ
ħ츳ûôԣȴǾеġ
Щ飬˵֮󣬿źܼ򵥡ûָ㣬Ҫһ̺ȴ൱ѵһ̡
ȻĻΪʲôӹʹҺ١ˣʹҵ·ߡ
ͨЩ֮ħûжͣתȥûóīȥ
Ϊ沢̫ƽϢǲҪй¶ȥ̫ĺá
ʦɽ٣īҲһ㶼עԣһ˿ħصȥ
ħȥ֮󣬼ǵһʱ䣬ֱȥɽˡ
ûжɽ٣вٳˣɾ澳Ϊ
̫ϵ١ȴǵһΣ
Ǹ֮ϣƼ˰գ
ħǰ˫Ӱ֮¡


1754 
棬˳īħ̸֮ԣЩʵЩ飬ΪʲôҪɽ٣ңֻҪҵõĲϣͿֱӽ
⣬īֻεĿЦ
ֵһ룬ҲˣҵÿһΪҴĽֻװϵҵǸӼ̣ǿ󡣵ȴЩһһӵиߵȼĻǻҲͿˡ
īͷ˵ԼֱǸõĻ飬Ϊһ㹻
ǵĳսʱѾ깤˴롣˴λеЩλеǰճīģΪƳġԣԳ֮Ϊˡ
ЩˣԽиָĹ
Щ˵֮ԴǳīЩƷ쾧ʯԵ˵һ鼫Ʒ쾧ʯЩϵĹ֮á
Գī˵ֱ̫ˡ
Ĳ˵ּƷ쾧ʯУ޴׾ٵĴһ֧ɾų
ڹȥǳīȫ޷ġ
Ժǵĸ߳ī㹻־ʯٶΣͿ԰īһ޴ܳСУԤ־ǿ߹
óīò̾ȻԼصһ档κǻ飬Сﰡ
ǱУħ̫٣Ѿ뵽ؼ׶ΡīҲЩ
һħʦһ棬Ҳеĵһ̫Ͼʿϵޱش
īһֱڹעһֱĬĬΪʦʱϵһ˿˿ˣ˳ľ뵽طȥ
ķǸīľʶģԣųīϵ˲ϵעȥ
ħ٣ҲıøѤеɱȴһС
ħ˵ϣɢ޾ǿϢҪٸſ
վ٣֮Ϊķ򡣾īҲֻӰ죬ȴȥı䡣
ԣħƵĲǿٵҲǿ
ɱȻ˺ܶ࣬ħ˵Ȼһ޴ս
ͬʱ磬޾飬ڹעⳡ١Щ̫ϾĹǣȫħɽٸ̶ȵĹעҲ֪磬ܲ澳ʿ̫
ڿûκģ
ħΣ֮䣬ͷڷƮ裬һ졣
ӭнµĽɫס
ϸȥеɫףƺִĽɫл̲һ˿ϡ
һ̫Ϲ˼˺ܾãͻȻ侪һ֪ˣ벻ǵ磬Ȼ
ô⡭̫ܰɣһ̫ϹƺҲ뵽ʲôһ𾪵ı顣
̫Ϲ˵ֻзΪƣΪǿҵ磬ҲܶࡣٵУһΣһΡ⡭Ĵ컯
벻ǵ磬ȻҲⶫǲȺ֮ǵĳƬؼ䣬ǿߣй¶Ľ֮ɫ
ͨɽ٣ȫûмȴ˵ڶɽٵʱȴ̫ˣԾǣĽѡ
Щ̫ϾĹ棬Щ飬ܴзֱȫĹ赽ˡ
ͨ磬ǨƵ飬жܡδоЩǲǶԳīûģǶ嫵û
ۿһ澳ʿ̫٣ۿžҪɹˡȻⱲӶûлּ١棬ȴһ¾ͰΪǶ֪һĴ磡
һĴ磡
̫ٵУ̲һ˿ɫīҲע⵽ˡܿ˿Ķ
ڣīͷ֣һ˿ϣ˼ӳֵħ֮󣬴Ǿɢģ
Ҳ˵ԭħɽ٣ǲܼһ˿ġ
īԴˣֻеġ
һ޴ףٵħ֮֮ϣ
ЩУȻ˳īĻе
óīܵ޴𶯣ͬʱҲ˼һЩȫµĶ
󣬵󽥽ɢȥ磬ÿһ˵Ľ䣬ȫһ춯صĻ
ǻ쳹ġ
Щ̫ϾĹ棬һʱ䣬̤ϸ죬Խ޾Ǻӣǰħء
ЩħأֻΪǳīΨһʦڣأֱתֶͬѵء
ⲢȺ̫Ϲһֹ䣬ʵͲʲôƽȡǿҪƽȣĲƽȡ
ħŬ͸ȡ˽˶ء
̧ͷһĲȻ΢΢˵ͷ֪īһڿţ
ħʼȺˣһ
ħ̫ϵϢɿдݳȥ
˵еЩ飬ǼѡΪ磬Ԫһɾ̫Ͼˣ棡
׻ƴϣɽ򣬸ֱը˹
֪磬һɾ̫ϵħɣ꣬棬оɣ
˰ɣ׷ɱ˼Ұɣ˵٩
˵˵ûе顣棬ħʦţźԨԴ
ħȻɾ̫Ϲˣ˼ҶֵʸȫûˡƣѾ벻껹ҷͻˡе׷ɱħħŹڸп
ʲôɸпģʲôҫģ֪֪ħķ˭ǷСǷҵˣ
˰ɣ˼ҽħСðɣҲ˼ԼɱС˼̨Щ˻лŵİɣûкµɱ
ǣǷңҲһǸѾڳǱߵƮ칬УĴʣȺҲ˼ħ˲һʶˡ
˵磬ԭ׻ƴֵġ
ô꣬Ѿ㹻˽⵽ʲô顣Ƕ벻תת󣬻Ǳˡ
īĹʵ̫ˡ
˵㣬Ʈ칬ݵλߵʥ˿̾ͱһȺ˸Χס̵ֽڳĹ¡
˵˾ͼͼͻƽӣҲΧţǷϲ
ϲʲôЦ㵱һμʱ򣬲һ˾ͼͼȻһֵģֻǣž޵֮ŮѾһʥ۵Ĵˡӣȴû̫ı仯
ȥǱߣһȺһȻֻص׻ƴ
˵Ĺ
Ը
Ⱥһĺ汦˾ͼͼ̧ͷʱֵҹͷ񷣬ǵ㡣૵磬ء


1755 ս
īʶĬĬ˳磬Ȼ󣬸һ𣬼ҳս
ԶԳīǳȤΪ档ȻͨһķͿƳָĶңЩȫûа취ڳīϣԹԹԵıóɸģ
ԿսǵĿƼīġͨϣһƷ
ڣƷѾβˡ
īҲԼܷ񣬾Ȼһ
ֱһĳ
ƬգһƬæľҳսѾˡæŽڲĸֲáͬʱҲڸĽҳսϵͳ
һߣκһϸڣҪ󾫡
һսҪĵʱ䣬һ˵֡
ãƬռƽô꣬һֱûʲôīʱѡʱ򣬾Ѿˡ
ڣ˳ս깤ʱ
īԶ˷ܡ
ʱԣԼı壬ǶҳսΪ̵ĵطȫǸֶɵһͬʱīӡǧصķ
䣬ûʲô˲佫ڵλûȥ
ֻҪһʱ䣬ͿԽתƣΪı棬һīЩƳĶ
һС͵ĺڶ
һԾͿԽԼı壬ֱӴݳ޾Զĵط
ָԼһ֮ǰīǸŮ󣬴˿վڳīߣԴ˷֮ɫȴ¶ֵı顣
磬㿴ǵĳ޵սͿҪˣʱǸ쵰ǾͿֱӺˣ
īͷߣЩĿԵɫŮӡ
ͷƤġ١еһУôȥ˼ûκηֱ
ǳī־磬ҲѴϿʲô
һЩīһѧ̫֪ʶĻеϢԣװŮ˵װԭûʲôԱԣһصصŮˡֻûκξˡȴǶɵġһǧ꣬Ҳḯࡣ
ԻԼһ֣гǻۣ˸Ļ֪ʶ֮Ӳ˳ۡڳīǰҲȫһСŮӵģóīڸ̾ǳǿѧϰͬʱҲе
磬Ӳ𣿡ԡţۣųīգգۣžɫϣһȵı顣
ţͦõģǳīһ˵
̬ѣʶǾ񣡡ۿһ۳īЦ˵
ʱսȻһ¡
۾һ񣬿ĵ˵ˣ
ʱ򣬳īȻһüҡǱߵĳ۷Ӧͬ죬ųī˵ڿ
īʶޱǿ󣬳۷ųȥļǣͬ
һϣֳ
󣬳īųֱۣӽս档Ѿ깤սһΣˡ
ˣ
޴սһȻ֮䣬һǿķ
ͬʱɢЩĻˣ׷ԱͬһѤ̻¼ŵбǳĿһĪС
Ưһ˫ۣЩ̻Ȼĸϵͳĺ˼ȻӶӰ쵽жϣָоĺ
īȴЩϾĶһ֪˭Ҳ뵽ֵط飬Ƿ֮
仰˵һ澳ʿҲ׵ããĴеҹ䡣ܿһ˷˵;Уز㣬ҲҲյ㡣
̫ϾʿȻ΢һ㣬Ҳ΢һˡ
ǱѾ鿪ʼ֡
һεӰУ޾ĺΰʵʵͬʱɢǹɲǳǿ
һ˵ɢĲϿȲҪǿ󣡡
īͷѾ֪Ӱ˭ˣ
ȡö˵Ǹˣ
ˣпܣ֮顣
Էٶȷǳ죬һգ۵Ĺ򣬾Ѿ˽ǰȻڼ֮⣬ͣסˡ
ֺ嫵գ־ʿ˵ȫûκξһ
ȻԷźţīȻܹоԷע
˫˭ûжҲûκν
У໥ţš
ãźУһ˼ƼȻҲңȼѾǳ߼ˡö𣬼϶ĿƼһҳսⴴ⡭˼Ҵˡ
˺ܰԵûһأĻȴԭⲻĴ˳ī۵ĶС
ī໥һۡʵţ
īĵͷǳţ
ʵ
ţīͷ
䣡
ҳսֱӾһڣݺݺ򼸰֮ˡ
һڣҳսĳ湥̺ķͬʱгīЩƳĹںڶȫȥ
֮ǰʱ򣬳īֹܹ̺ͬ档ӲӵĻȻˡǽںпܽ
ǿƼ
κһֶչ£ǵǷ
̾
٣īԼǴ򲻳ּĹġ
һͻȻȴûȫ˵Ԥ֮⡣ûöǾվӲĳһ
ҳ޵սҵһ¡
ǸڵĵطѾһ貶ĿĹâûˣ
ܣīĶԳ˵
ΪһǴԷģ
Ҳףԣ䣬ֱӿ˿ռԾ
һ£
սﱬһŶĿĹâȻһӾʧˡ
âɢȥ¶˵ӰϵĺȻʧ¶һŷǳӢɫЩ԰ףһ˫УȴµĹâ
૵˼˼벻ҴӲĿƼȻܱ˿ֲܡҡˣ
ۣ
˵꣬һѪ˳˵
ǲˣǡˣ
˵ϣٴðһŵĺģУߣҵˣܣ
˵䣬ΣͬһâʧƬããС
սʱѾ˼ٴεĿռԾȻ󣬳ī໥һۡͬʱһȻ̲סЦ
̼˵
Ҫٺڣ˵ܵشī˵
ոһ£Ѿľ߳ϵԴۿųī취ѹԴֿƼʱա
īųۣҪô𣿡
Ȼǡ˵Ҫָǻۣ


1756 Ȼ
ī΢΢һüң૵ǻۣ
ǵģӴ֮ǻۣµķʽģĸУҵǻۣкܴ˵͵һ֮ǰҵıϵͳһǿ󣬲ǻ۱øߡۿųī˵
˼ˡܽӴİǲǾͿǻۣȻǵսøǿ󣿡īʵ
˵ģҲ֪ҵļʲôط۵ͷ
սڹ¼űиٷţϢҲûһĺۼ
սĺôˣһߣһϢġ
Ƴɵս˳īеϢ
ʱīȫ˸ѰҸǻĹС
Уīȵķ֣Ӵ֮ͬǻۡȻҲڲϵţ
ǿ۽⣬˵ǻۣ
ǵĳ޵սҲУϵϱǿսǿ̶ȣīЩе־壡
֮ǰַ򹥻Ѿǿ󵽳īӶû취ӵĳ̶ˣ
ִεʿڡͿֱӰ
īľ磬ҲУģһһšȻī䣬ľΡѾǺܾ˵һٶˡ
ī֪ЩǣôģǲҲһǻۡ
ӲıϿǵǻۣƺҲûߵȥ
ߣǳҪԽǸ߼磬ҲԽߡ˵ĳɾͣδҲߵġ˵϶ҪЩ΢ʿǿ̫ˣ
׻ƴʿߵĳɾͣҲ澳ˡ׻ƴڱӡ״̬£̫ྪž޵ţһֹڵǸΡ
׻ƴķӡ⿪֮Щ콾ǣѾɵʥʥ
ڱī֮Щ콾ַ׷׵Ľ澳
ȻҪɾ̫ϣȻž޴Ѿܹ˵̫ˡ
ĸߵͣδɾ͵ĸߵ͡
̽ĹУīʼĽеЩٻһֲ֮ͬײ
ȻǵٶȣһӾͼӿ˺ܶ౶
ǧ꣬ڶ̤̫Ͼ˳ˡ
ϣ
վ;ž޵ţڱĵ
ǧ꣬ƮŮ۳ɵ
һʱˮŮȺʮ꣬Գɵ
ˮֱɵ֮󣬳ͮͳҲѾĳٽ㣬Ҫ̤뵽Ǹˡ
һһǧ꣬ӳɵˣ
壬ĳ̶ֳ˵Ѿγһֲ
ٶȺ̶ܼȣݹͨ磬Ǿ޽еġ
һǧ꣬ͮͳȺɵ̤̫Ͼ硣
ꡣ
ī뿪ұΪսĴ󴬣ֱӳ޾ңԶ
ôõ£ҲڽͻƵٽ㡣
֪ҲѾһ൱
ܶļˣڳս棬ԳۣһͬųīĹ
ڳī뿪֮󲻾ãһȺˣȴڳսΧ
ڵһʱ䣬Χ
ȺˣѰҳīĲīȥ
ʵ̫ˣ
кܶطǲִ棬ͬҲ޷ġԣķ˺ܶ꣬ҵ
ȷīǷұս档
һʿһ𾪵Ŀսʮֿ϶˵սȫΪϡеĶƶɡң棬ƺ̲ž޴ΣϢ
ȻҲܵΣյϢˣĿĴսҴȫûһӡ󡣵ʶģĸоܲϲ
ݣѰطݣѾ漰
ԣΪҾ޴սӦøīһϵġҲҪ˽֮󣬲֪ΪҲ˼ŶӻǸˡ
գûҵǸˡ
ˣѯʡߵĺǿƣӲҲܱ䡣Ҳһ̫Ͼʿ
ʱ򣬲һ̫ϾʿԲ˵۳īڲսϣǶܷŹ
ԣƶɵսˣ
ǿսˣֱ̫ݳˣݳ޵Щ֡Щ𣬾ݵλˣȻӵһЩҲòôࡣרƳһҾ޴ޱȵս
˵սʲôͼֵ˵ƳսĲϣ;Կðڵһˮ
΢ɲĵ˵ͷ
ʱսеħˣۿȺˡ
ڵһʱ䣬Ѿ˶Էʵȼ
Էһʮˣе˲־ģϲڣһĸʣʮˣȫ̫Ͼʿ
ħͳȫ̲סһ
ڵһʱ䣬͸֪ħǣΪ׵Ǹ˧ò񻰵Ľ𷢰ӣв֮֮һ
ȻЩϢǳī֪Գ۵ġ
Ѿ֪˺ܶ飬֪֮һطҲ֪֮ǿơҲû뵽ԷȻǿֻһˣĶ̫Ͼʿ
ʵãͨΪԻͶʢҲܵеù
ȫ˼ҵĶ֣ĸ澳Ĵڣһͨʵˡ
ˣ죬̾Ϣһ
ȻȫĿ⿴˳ۣǶ֪һʲôĴڣҲѾ˳ۣΪеһԱ
˵ԸҪһࡣʵϣڸһ࣬Ѿκˡ
ȻӵнͲ飬໹ġ
īǰѾҪ۵
ۿųһЦүүīߵʱ򣬲Ѿ˵𣿲˭Ǹðͷ¶βС͵ҲãǲΣʧصɵҲãһֱӿ򡣴ܣ
ȫһųۣ˵Ѿͷûѧᣬīһ·񣬵ѧͦ
Է氡վһԣ̲סЩզ࣬ȻѾ̤̫Ͼ磬ָ߶˵ս飬ȴЩȱġǵӣǾЩû
ֶİɣùЦеģϲС
˱һ˲䣬ֱӾЩεĸķսڣŲǱߣȻˡ
ã

Ƿˣ



1757 
ˣһ˲䣬ȫˣû뵽ԷȻӴֵز
ֵطܹߵ飬ûһǴҪ˵Է֪ȺʲôʵܡԷȻȻĿˣ
ӿķ˲ͽһƬպˡһУ
Ǽ澳Ĵڣȫɿˡ
Щ̫Ͼʿûôˡֹǳī̫Ͼ۷ʱҲȥӲ⡣Ҫܣǳѡ
ΪⲢǵֹ棬ֻͼƶãùٶȣﵽһΡ
ʣµɱõģϵ淨
ԣ߰˸̫ϾʿһֱӺҪ澳ʿʱ֣һѣȺ˵Ԫһܣᱻ˲
˲ŭˣ
ԳīԭһӡûУȻȫû֤ݣȴȷһΣֶϲ㣬Ǹīйأ
սǲǳīģŹ
򣡡
һɲǣѾˡ
ֱ֣Ǿ춯أƣǻ鶼λս
ͬǺ嫵ķ򣬼ſֲ䣬Ѿս
޴ƥսֱӱԶԶ׷˳ȥ
սеˣȫһתȴûܵκ˺
˶ʶһͬʱޱȣ
Ϊոճ۾Ѿ˵ˣҪһսķΪ֮ǰͳīˣֻݡ㣬Ϊս㲻Ҳܵסε鼸ι
ϾûоĿ顣ȻѾԼһˣȴȻǸ侲ĻеԭǻеУԭʼҲϵ塣Լ֪Լôġ
ڳīߵʱû˵¡Ѿ˺ܶ꣬Ž¸֪ī
е壬߼ҲǸʼ档
ԣԵ侲ǣ棬ܼ
һ֮󣬳̲סĵЦǴݵĿ˳սķ
ȻһŵĳŲǱһںȥ
Ⱥˣŵɫ԰ףֱɢӿȻ̫Ͼʿֱܲӱ
ʱ򣬳սֱӿ˿ռԾһâ֮սֱӾʧˡ
ɫ԰ף۾ﾡǷŭ
ģҧϱ޾ƣ׷һҪеǣǳˣ
棬ҲȫŭˡΪ֮֮һĲеĶڣʲôʱԹֿ
սֱ̫ˣ
һսȻҪһĹˮ׼ˡ
ֶǼֱ־ڱصá˵ʲôҲܷŹ
ϵˡ˵ţȻֱ˺գ׷սȥ
սԾȻκκۼϢʱ̵ܶĻ־ʿѰһĺۼġ
ԣ˫£ֱչ׷ս
ԽԽĴ棬뵽˲ĶС
󣬾Ȼʮ棬ٶ̫ϾʿգΧս
ͬʱǸðźˣȴһֱѰųīټ
־ˣѾõĿ顣
ֱǴӷβõĽԾˣӸβõľԾˣõˮԾ˺ʹƢõԾˡ񣬾ͲһĻԾˡ
۵ĻͿֱӻһͨȻ󿪱ٳһ֮·
ν䲻У嫣ޱȡԪطḻԸӵĵزҲൽڼ㡣ܶģȫƲС
ʵνĲУָСУĴУУеһвϣ
̹Ŵ磬һ硣
ԣֻҪõ龧ˣֱӿٳһ֮·Ȼ뿪Ҳ̹ԵҲûʲôҪġ
ȴû뵽ǰĿ龧ˣ֪Ūˣ飬ȴ˵ѡ˽ȵǣҶԷûжôȴƻ֡ô꣬ȻûҵԷټ
Ŀ龧ˣĿ龧ˣڲ֮ء
ֻҪһΧ֮ڣĿ龧˾ͻԵ龧ӦԷȻҲܸӦĴڣΪľ硭ߣ
Ҫҵ㣬ʱҾףУĥ˵ֶΣвðźǳ䣬ޱȵɭȻҲһŭ
ʵ磬嫵УѾǷǳˡ
֮صֻвжͬҲɳ֣ȥѰǰԵǸȡ˾˵С͵
ȻҪҵģǰԵ
Ϊȡ˵ˣ棬ҲδܹǵҪԸĻ¾ֲֻˡ
ԣң칬ˣҲȫ׷׳ˡ
һǵˣҲͨ硣ֻѰһ˿ҪõϢҲˡ
Ϊʱͨ磬Ѿҵռ죬ͨ籾Ϣƻǽһɾ
ҲעҴͨӳĴаȺҵ飬ñ칬еһȺ˸ˡӴа칬õ˺ܶϢ
ǰѾ׵һгī
Ϣܿ칬ڲ
칬ߣϵѰǰԵΪԼҪáΪ硣ԣǼʱĽϢǱߡ
ǣ磬ǿȫѰųī䡣
͵˾˵ˣѰңҵһۼ
޾ңԶգϵĿ龧ˣʼһ󵭵ĲǸʱǳīʱŵʱȻһ˲͹رˡ
յ˳īĴ·λ
˲ܴ꣬ݵں嫵Ѱš
ڣһ죬ֱӸܵһΰããһ򱬷
ǣڶɽ٣˵ϣ¶һĨЦ⣬˭ƻ˵ɡ
ǸֱӽռԾ
ƬС
īֱ˴澳٣
ģģ飬̫̫ˡִϵѿȻںϡںϡںϣ
־磬ʵǲϵںϣȻһ̡
īѰˣʱƣһԽԽࡣ
绹ƽʧȥ龧ˣܿͻ˥ڡ
ڼ䣬ܺ㣬ǻмʮô֮еЩ߼˵ڸꡭҲһ㶼㳤
ԣҪУԼϵıøǿȻʱֱӳ߱죬磬еˣ뿪ȥѰõԴ֮ء
¡
ƬռУңǰγһεٷΧīֱӰΧ档
ٳ򣬳īǵһڹȥδš
ĺɫ磬Ӹ򣬳ɱ


1758 
ɫ磡
ÿһ
һǾɱ
ֲԸӵľء
Ȼīּ֮٣Ҳֻܿеķȥֵ
٣ûκεԡȫɽΪĿġ
ȻīѾ׼ô꣬˿ҲֻܾȥҪֱǳ˵Ρ
һ˲䣬īѾá
ѪɣǾϣ
ī̲סһƺߣ˿Ψ֮ǰսûнϡȻĻּ٣ͳܲס
¯Ѿˣ
Ψ߱ɢһϢаȻبŶᶯһ¡
澳٣߱ȫûκεӰ졣
ī˿Ѿȫ˲ˣϵľķͬʱǳһ˿
֪ǲеʿھٵʱ򣬶Ҫһ
ûвοû֤֪˶ٵʱʲôġ
ʵ֪ãΪī֪µĻһеơ
棬־飬ȫ֮
κ飬һֲΣɽٵʱԵȫϽɫģ
ûɫͬѪһ硣
ӦǾ仰ܹܶٴܵΣܹѹȣܳŵҫ
ɫ٣εģγһž޴ƥǳ֣ĹʷУǰδеġҲǲڹġ
ԣī磬Ƕһ޶ģ
Щ飬ԴٵʱҲҪѪɫ³Ųһ㣬ȫξ
ī⣬ǳԣоԣ
һĵУϵģȫˣ
ڣһ֮Ѿ׻ҷˡһ˿һûʣ¡
¯ڴ֮ǰѾʧˡֻʣһȭͷСĻ֮ͣȻ޾Ѫɫϴ
īҲֻʣ¾ɢεٷΧС
ľѪɫȻǲϷŹ
ÿһѪɫޱȾ޴ͥɨѨһ㣬ٵķΧ
ʧ֮󣬳īڸоɡƮƮɵĸоīӦ
̹Ŵжǿ֪٣Ա֮ЩҪ߳ܶΣּ飬ȻȻѪ֮ȻѪ֮ѾͳϵЩѪ֮űʵ
ҲȻģ
ԣҪԣԶ
ԣīһ߶ɽ٣һ߿ʼϴ
У֪֮ð˳ֱӹճһΡȻ֮Ϊī˲۳һ
Ľ
Գ֪Ҫ߼ٱȥ
ѪɫȻһ
¡¡
顣
īľҲܵ޴ش
֮Դٵȫûһ취
ָоһˮһƬ󺣵ˮһ
ȻͬͬԴһˮȴ޷һƬ󺣵ˮ¡
ֻںϣ
īҲŬȥչ
īˮûζĵˮɽȪеһˮǴеˮȴ̵ġǿɬģ
Ҫȥǳѣ
̣Գī˵ֱһ־޴ĥͼ尾
޾īԹĿ̫̫ܹ࣬࣬ĥҲ̫̫ࡣͦˡûзҲ
Σīʹһ̣֣̫ˣҲЪЪ˵ĸо
һ뵽ôҪô˵һɽľгױ
У
е
䷲˲бͬԻأ
ԣīľУ֮Ѫɫƺ˲С˺ܶ౶
һΣīٴ֮۳һ
ȻȻϾ
һΣѪɫ棬ûн˲
ȻҲһµ˿ڣȴͦ˹
漴īʩչȫĵ
һΣ쵽˲˼ľѪһƬѪɫгֱӳС
˲䣬øӷˣ
֮˲γһ󣬽īУһξѪֱסѪɫٶв
īԼ֪ξѪǴʲôطðģӦǱ嵱С屻һ˲䣬ͳȥˡ
һξѪ֮һ߱Ѫɫ覵
īӴ嫵ľȻԼ˻ȥ
ͬʱϵĴ
⣬˺һ
Ҿ죬ң
һȫµҲһֳīδܵΰ
ʱ򣬳īǵɽȪˮڸѪɫеĴˮ׵Ϊһˡָоֱ̫ˡ
īһӣҵѪɫıԴ塣
ѧϰӡ
һҪ澳Լ
ˣīһδ٣ѾβѾȹˡ
˶ʱ䣬īԼҲȫ֪
ʼգֻһ˲䣬ҲǼټǧꡣ
ΪεĴУûʱͿռ
īҲֻϵԳǣ֪ȥ˶ꡣīʱ䣬ѾܾˡȻĻƬ¼գԼʱ䷨
˵ĸоǳҡ
ͬͨʱž޴Ĳһ
ʱ߱쿪ʼһ
ɵīС
һ̣īϣȻ䱬һȻ𵶣һεѪɫ١
ϣ
߱ĵϣһδйѪɫâǹâ貵ĳ̶ȣ
ֻһѾεĴһ޴ƥѷ졣
Ȼһ¡
ֱаľ޴٣Ȼɢˡ
ʱ򣬳īԼƬգѾȫıģѾⳡ٣׻ٵˣ
һȻһ֡
ʱܣ
ЩѾʧǳһ˲䣬泾˸ǻԣī¾
󣬳īŻ֮Ȼʩչͨ
¯һΣڳīǰīϵһ£ֻ¯黹ڡңⳡ٣¯ֱøǿˡѾһĴ֮
߱졭
īһѪɫĵпЦһֱֻԼƴ磬ھ߱쾿жǿȴûѰ߱Ǳ
̹Ŵ嵶
󣬳īʼϵԳһʱ䣬Ȼûϵϡ
óīЩԾΪ˵۸ľ룬Ѿ޾ңԶҸųЩͨѶǴ
Щ˸ˣ
īüһһֱ̣˺գ˽ȥ


1759 ̹Ÿ
ʱ˿̣ԳսΪĵǧﷶΧ֮ڣޱȣ
ȥƺûսʲôˡ
ʿһðź˰Χм䣬Ȼ˫š˭ûж֣գȴԵޱأ
սҪߣƬգѾָӡˡ
ǾͱͼˡһΣûܾǡһʿ˵
ɫѿû뵽ôˣȻȫۼطû뵽ǣǸصĸС͵ȻҲˣ
ңѵ
ʮ澳ʿǧ̫Ͼʿ⼸Ѿ֮ΪΪһˡ
£Ǹͷ¶βС͵ȻޱȵվǡңҳԲѷ
ϣͷĶ˰źУһʮȥżֵ٩ζ
˵ţ嶯һ£˶һٴеģ˲дķϸ죬ָмˡ
Ц˵òôţҶûκεġ
ޣˣݺݵһĭӢû覴õϣ¶һĨ֮ɫЦ˵ģ͵ȡľ˻ѽ֪֪Ϊɶ
˵ôΰ󣬺һдƵһźУں˵˵£սûУţǿеս龧ˣҪ𣿷Ҫոҳ֮ǰѾ˰ˡҪսšսȻ۲ݡǰɣ
˵ɫЩѿ
ʵȷģ׷ٵطʮ棬ٶ̫ϾʿҵսԷƺЩˡǸΧ
칬˾͸ˡ
Щˣͬһ۾Ͷս
Ϊڳκһ̫Ͼʿܿսļֵ
ô𡭡ֱɥĲ񰡣
ȻƳһûʲôõսȻǲûмʶսⲢǶսϲ
ֱǼƷϰ
Ĳ˵ڳʮ澳ʿǽսϷֵÿ˶ܵõ
ʹ͸ԵĲ£㹻ˣ
ԣһڣֱ˵ǵ¡һսû˲Ҫ
ϵĺŨ΢ЦǣǴֻҪսеǿ龧ˡսǣôҲֹǣҲҪҵġ˵ʵҲɱȻɱ¾ʲôһϲƽˡ
ǿ龧ˣ㲻ܴߣͬʱĿ龧ˣҲýһ칬Ĵ˵ĿˣѾٻ֮ǺܸܿϹ
ܿ죿ܸϹˣ̲סЦΪô˰ɣ磬޽Գһ硭
˵⣬˺Ȼס첻˵Ȼת˻Ҫϵʱ붼롣У㹻ˡ
֣
һ˲䣬ԲΪףʮ棬Ȼ䳯ֱӳˣ
ⳡ棬ǿֲֲţֲˣ
һӣƬ̮ˣˣ
ǹǻһУҪУ
̫Ͼʿʹղǰȫȥ
ս֮ϣֱǿķȻӡıԵشȥ
¡¡
Ƭ޽ֱӱһ貴Ŀ޷ֱӵĹâ
ǹɲȥﳹˣ
ǹâģһǵ󡭡ߣ
Ȼһƺߣ
ˣ
͵ضɱ
ǣ໥ţٴγ֡
ʱ䡢ռ䡭еһзֱӱǵĳֱ֣Ӿ͸ѹˣ
Ȼ䣡
ʮ棬徹Ȼһ
ǵУ¶ŵɫ
ţǵϣȻһ˲䣬ȫһֲ˿ڣ
ǵľ㹻ֻһ£ͲԻȥȺǵ
ǧ̫Ͼʿûôˣ
ˣȻȫ촦
ǧ̫Ͼʿûһӵù
ңǶˣ
ξһĻˣ
ʱһ޳ӰŹâɫ԰ףѪͷȥʮҡһս£Ҳá
ŲЩţߣʮ˹ȥ
УһѾ޴˫渫
˫渫һ壬ֳͨѪɫ
ɢŲֹϵϢһɱô̫Ͼǿߣ˫渫棬ȻûһѪ¡ûɢһɱ
šǰѸӣ
̡̹Ÿ
ⶫȻϡ
ˣ
ϣ
ʮ棬һ֮£ȫˡ˸Ǹе𺳺Ϳ־ģŵ˫и
ʵ˵УѸӣ˿Ҳ̸жô档һԶɢŹϢ˫渫ѡ
ոɵֲֿɱˣȴ˵Ѹӡһ
䣬ܹӵĸӣҲֻǰѴ˵еġ̹Ÿ
ƺü䣬¶һĨǱҵģҶ˵ˣһǳȰƽˡġǴˡ
˵ţһӣŲȥ
䣡
УȻһĺ֮
ͬʱŭһ
һѪɫâֱ򲷶
˲ɳķâӭȥ
ͬʱԼֱ˲һģڰ
ǵѪɫâȴһ㣬Ӱεĸ׷
̫ˣ
Щ棬ֻһѪɫâȻ󣬲壬һΪˡ
ԪţŭţСȼţ
Ȼ֮䣬ǿý޵еĴԪ񣬾Ȼʹȼմ
֮һĲԾ֮ӣʹ䣡
˵ɫҲ˱øӲ԰˼֣Ȼ̶ֳȵɱ¾˵ҲһּġҲͬԳܡֻԼǲֱӽȺɱˣɱǵսľǻعһӵϵĻȺ˵Ķ֣
ľ磬ȻȫѹȺ˵еκһʵϣҲֻǱȺ߳һ硣ңǸո̤뵽Ǹġ
֮ص˲١
ԣסȺˣȻ֮ϵ֮ǰ׵ĽƿԼС
龧õ֡
Ȼ龧˵ͨһ֮·
֮ǰ֮ûô̹ԵΪ̹Ե̹Ÿ
̹Ÿȴն̹ŵûô
ңԭǲ뱩¶Լ̹Ÿµġû취оȫˡ
˿һԶսһŻȡ
𾧺ˡܲˣ


1760 
ǲ԰׵ϣ¶һĨϲɫԪˣ̫̫ˡڵȵ˽죬̹ŴĴУվҪ䵽ҵ£ϣҪˡϣ棬һܵеˡǸûã硭ôγɵģǺǡҾģһҪõĴУİɣ硭һҵγɣҡǸѡˣ
ͷͬһ㣬ٵĴӹȻ̧ͷһ˫ɭۣЩ˲رأЩס˵Ĵ棺ǻϣ̹ԵǸˣûֻҪõǵõǰԵͻ뿪ϣڳҳ֡Ҹұ֤һ̡ͣᣡ
˵ޱȱ䣬ͬʱһѪĸоǿƣ
ʱҳսͻȻ䳯߷
˵ǣ¶һĨϷ֮ɫ˵ôͨˣʶ㣬ҵǿԴһ뿪硣˵ţһЩ棬˵ǱᣬսǣٿսǸ飬Ҫ
޷ǾһЩȻܰ󣬵˵Ĳʲôϣпս
ʱ˳Щ˵һ˲䣬սϣһž޴ޱȵĴڣֱӳˣ
ޱȺȻĿˣ
䣡
ǹɴ涼޷ܵķȻ˴˹
ֱֲ̫ˣЩǣе㱻Ŵˣ
ʲô
Ǽֱһģ
Ҵһʼͱ˵սȻҳһµ˳֣ѵǾͲһӰǸǳ׷˰ɣǰķɣ
ǲҪˣ
û뵽ǣһں̹ŸˣȻûӲӡ
Ȼˣ
ɱ
Ⱥ澳ʿ˭Ǵǵļǵĵʶǵľ磬ȫԸӵľ硣
ʱҪǻֱ治ͬҲ˵ĻǶֱȥˣ
¡
һڣֱӲ˵
˵һֱϣѪ
˿ɼǣ
ǳˣ
˵һƺߡ
ʱȺĹҲٴεˡ
ԼţȫĵУٴιעе̹Ÿȥŭ񡭡ɱ
ˣ
һ޴Ĳ
ȻһޱȵѪɫâֱ˳̹Ÿն
߰˸汻նΡ
ǵԪȴȫ˳
۳ɱ
ʱ򣬳սϣٴκһڡ
սУԳ૵һˣֻЩˣȻ󡭡Ҳû취ˡ
Χߣû˵Уȴǳ˼֮ɫ
䲻У壡
ǳսȺīļˣ˿̵̬
η壡
ûʲôµġ
ֺ嫵Ĵÿһ˵̫Сˡÿһ飬Ĵ
ΪԼѾǿʱܻһǿģǰݺݵ㣬ݺݵĳ㡣
Ƕܹˣ
ͬԶĶڳī󣬵Ǹˣ
ͬҲҪΪǸԱīˣ
ͬҲܹΪīһ飬Ϊīǡ
ǵУͬҲŴȱ
ǵ۽͸֣ܸͬˡ
ԣ޾塣
ϵЦûϵġ
ħ̾ϢһʱҴһҺԻɱˣ
ƮŮȻû˵Уͬ˸Ųʡ
̫Ͼ磬ЩǰĻе̫˰İ
Գ˵һֱһ𣡡
һڣ޾ķ˵޾塢޵кη
һ
ʯ쾪һ㣡
ȻֱӴڱһȺȵмϡ
ۣ
ſֲսֱӱ˺飬Ǽ̵壬Ҳһֱ߽ˣ
һӣ
ϣѪģ
ϵ˺ܶĹͷ
ˣ
ƣ˵ֱǴδйġ
߳ܣܣãȻţ
һصˣһ̣ڿһġˣ
嫵ΰֱӹע̹ŸУһɨʱжʮ澳ʿѪϴſֲ˿ڣȥͬʱȫ޾Ŀ־֮ɫ
ı˸ˣ
ˣһǿԸӵ񰡣
ҲͲ˰
ţ
ѵ˵ЩˣѾǿֵز
ѵôĴ棬նû취ס
ƽĴ棬ʮ
Щ˵УҲȫη塣е㲻Ҷ˳ˡ
ѽһѪ״ȻݺһӣһǰĴ档˫֮䣬ټǵѪɫĹâת˲
棬˲䱻룬ԪûߡֱӾξˣ
ҵšǱд漸Ҫˡ벻ʱ˾Ȼ
ȥսдŭ
ѹ£Ҳʧȥһ˻š
صˣ˿ѾɫҰףԡѪȻЦţһ˫ɭޱȣǳ˵սȻŹ
˵䣬תȻĿսǣ¶һĨаȵЦݣǿ龧ˣȻͶ
˵䣬һεģе̹Ÿ
ʱһѪɫâٶȣҪ̹ŸնѪɫâӿ죡
ƥ
Ѹޱȣ
ɢһɸķâ
ֱնˣ
ˢ
еĴ棬·оǰһ
Ȼ˵һֱֱۣӾͱնˡ
֮û룬Ϊ˶ˡʵϣû˿ˣ
ǷһҪȥֱۣһӰ죡
ֱӽֱ۸ߣһֱֽ̣۸ӻ
ָң˾̹ŸһĿǱߡ
īϣ¶һĨЦ֮ɫҪþȥƽָûܳɹֻ˵˵ľ̫ˣ
ƽⲻˣǾɱ㣡
㲡Ҫ
Գī˵ֱõһˣ
Σ֪һλʲôʱˡûһΣұ֤
Ϊֿ־ʿ˵һӳԹһΣ㹻ˣ
ˢ
һնˡ
ʱ˵ĸӣҲնˡ
ϣ
ѵѸӣʱ䳤ӵκΣ£ٴһˡǡȴ˶ͷ
һ죬ҪæЩֱÿѪȻˡ
īҲֱһѪȴûһΪŵġ߱죡
߱챬ǵ̹Ÿеɱ
̹Ե̹Ÿһг𺳺;૵ٲķˣ
˿ųīѽָҡ
īܸɴࡣ


1761 ҪҪߣ
īڼ֣߱У֮У޾ɱ
̫߱ˣһ߱죡
ѪĴ֣īԺһ̣ѵѾӵԼԸ
ڳī̹ŴԵǳī߱죡
ϣ
߱һθ̹Ÿײ
˫˺ܶಽ
˷ŭͬʱҲǸеޱȵ𺳣ֱڷ飬Щղסе̹Ÿĸоͬʱ̹ŸͨҲܸ̹ܵŸַŭ
Ǹһε׵Ȼĵĸо
Ҫ˵̫ˣˡȻĻоԵģһĻ쵰
ԼĽָ
Ŀ龧ˣǽָӡţ


ɫҰףųīĹ
ЩŵĴ棬ͬҲڳ˷Ĺ
ǲжôī˵ĵˣԼѡû˻ŹֻᣬҪܽ˻ɱǼǵˣ
һīʲôʸ
˵֮пȫήٵ
ʱﻹǵ£
磬ǵ£
īҪժӣ붼룡ˣһ׷꣡
˱ʮΧټһֳ̹ԵĳīЩоˡ
ʵڲģѾõĿ龧ˣľˮĿ龧Ѿ֮ˡȴˣ䵽Ǹ׷С
һҪ
ɱ
е̹Ÿκβ˳īЩ˵ȴȻһ޴в
ÿһһ䵽ʵͻһˡ
˵ϣҲ᲻ϵµ˿ڡīĵʵ̫ˣ
ЩǶʲô˿ڣ޷˼ǿƥīһе߱죬ÿһȥһˡ
ؼȺӬһĴʵ̫ˣ
ÿīʱȺֱܻӺ
Щƽգ˿϶һ㶼µģʱͬγɾ޴ввȻȴԻǳܡ
ͬʱҲܵ޴ǣƣ
ܼȥˣһһĴ棬۾һĨķŭųīŭһģ
˵䣬ֱһתߣ
еĴ棬ȫǸɱȥ
еĹȫ˿մû˺˷ֺ
īһڣѪڣսһ˫ۣ˸űĹâ
ͨһսĸֳܵԽ͵ֲֿķĶΪ֮
̫󣬱͵Ϯ֡Ⱥˣ¼Ķ֡
ԣˣһ޴в̹Ÿҿȥ֮䣬Ѿﵽͨ߱һֻϣ߱ŻΪһѾڱ˵ϣû취ӳӦеΪֵߴ޴Ĳ飡
ԣˣһĴУ
٣ṳ̂뵽һεľ֮ǰˣûԶԶ㿪ĺá
īа̾üһԼˡȻĻܶûܡ
ˣһĿ¶֡£ī֪кܴ鷳
ȺŵĴ棡
һս֮صνʧءսˡʲô·ҪٴγɳҲҪܶʱ䡣
칬ߣҲһʧصȫûа취ܵĵز
ôĴ棬ڣʣ¶ʮе̫Ͼʿȫ˸¾ˡʮ棬Ҳһÿ϶ˡ
£ǿ϶׷ŹԼԼеöˡ
ľˮ
ԭϵöˣȻеԡ
Ȼûа취⿪˽ָеķӡȴָܹܵöɢĲͬԵ
ÿһ龧ˣӵİ
ī֪˾˵ĸ磬ڶôˡȴԸ⽫Щ˻ȥġЩˣΪԵĲʧ뽫Щ˻ȥˡ
ڳī̹Ե¡ֻҪ˳īȻ󣬽˹Ϸֵٱųīȥչıϡʱ򣬹ЩǺθɣ
£ī뵽ЩˣҲȫ뵽
ⲻʧ֮ʣʮ棬ֱӷмλīΧڵС
īûͼ룡
Ϊ·ߣ
ӣ
磬¶ûԼ֮ء
īü䣬˸Ĺâ
Ȼöָ˭ܴ֮أöָ棬Ŀ龧ˡûĿ龧ˣ磬»ں̵ܶʱڱͿ̿ҲԸ⿴ֳ档
Ĭ
īĻûеõκεĻӦ
ЩȻΧ۾Ҳڳīöָϡȴûһ˵
ʮ棬ֱͬ
ʧΪأǵĴʿֻʣ칬Ĵ棬ʣ߸ߣʣʮһ
ȥǿġǣߵЩ棬Ҳ׿ڡܾģҲֻ
ԣһĴĬһ£˵£ǵ֮ɡ
ǺðɣȻöָҾī˵ţֱӽöӵĺɫָգƯȻ˵ң飬һ
СǸĴ˵㻹ߡ
īһô
ûʲôǲߡǸĴ䣬Ҳǿơ
īЦһۣôȥұȸղøǸһ۸һ㣿
ֱǵ˰̡
ˣֱȺ澳ǿо޴ʹ
ɱôͬ飬Ȼִݵ뿪ȺˣԴȴΪֻ뿪
񱻳īȺȫŭɶĸо
Ĵ棬俴ųīˣ˵ܶעһ㡣
īҡҡͷȺ˵ãҾšţչҪġûκǵ顣ңΪңǲҴҲܹұʾмϣ΢һ㡣
һȴûٷʲô
ǣսϢķɹīһۣҲûж˵ʲô롣óս뿪Ҳûκ塣磬ȻӴ󵽲˼ĳ̶ȡ
֮صѹ֮£ûʲôطǰȫġ
ī㣬ԣսй֮󣬳īֱӵս
Ⱥ棬ȻûսΧȦҲûֹīս
ǿսͲܴߡ
īոյս͵õ۴ݹϢ磬л뿪ҪҪߣ


1762 
ҪҪߣȻߣ
īЩеȣæѯʳô¡Щĸ˵սЩʵѾĻۺѹ˸õķ
ԣȥոճսѾеԴʵϣսд洢Դս˲Ȼ󣬳ڴ涼Ҫܵĵط
īԥһ£ûӦΪ뿴Щˣһ̬ȡ
ҲЩһֻЮȻϷֵˡôӵκһ䡣¶ᱻҵֱܹͨԵ·
ֻˣ뿪硣
֮ǰīĴ˽ָеĿ龧ˣΪĻǼ磬϶ͳˡ
ȵȵȣһˣҸǷˡܣȻסܵԽԶԽáȻѰܹǳе飬ȫɢȥ֪𣿡ī潻
ȴЩǣ˵磬ҸˮҵļóۣŹļʣռųϡ
īҡҡͷ侲ĵҪõˣ޾ǰͶˡȵ졣ҪңܡûϵҲô׾ܱƵġ
Ǻðɸ磬ȻѾѡֻ֧㡣ȻѾ޵Ľӽ࣬һûʲôˡʵȴǸеʼ档ǳ侲κ飬ѹƵ档
ʣµʮ棬вͬλսֱΧڵСЩ˵ϣޱϲʲô뷨û֪ˡ
ôͬͲ£ȥЩ̫ʿУ϶дЩ˵ĸ¡Ҫ˵ܹһ㶼ݣѪ飬īҲš
˫Ĭţ˭Ҳû˵
ī󣬼սеˡŷ֣ԭôˣѾΪ̫Ͼʿˡ
Ȼ۽߶ȣ־δīֱ仯ǳģһϲĿˡ
ЩȫЩأǶڵĳī
ͮͳˣǰī㣬ҲѾϱˡڳīǰȴȻͬһǳԼĸס
īԼӣҲеǳСֻʱϤĽ̵ǡǳԺ󣬳īͲôȥˡܡûǾȻҲ˸ߵĳɾ͡㣬ȴеīԤ֮⡣
û°ɣͮģĸ껹ҪʤһֽӽԼߵŮӡī¶ĵЦݣ߹ųīֱۡ
ϳɳصģһȣųīϲ澳磡
īŮͷЩпĵŮܺá
Ȼ󣬿ų˵ҲŬͷʱ䣬Ҹǽ
̫ˣϣʱ¶֮ɫеüɫġ
Сӵϳɳأʵװģ棬Ҳõĺܡ̳ˮϵЩƢԣҲкܶīĶ
ħˣʱҲ߹ųīгп
ħһųīһɳġīһ𣬽̵īӣĿ·һʱϣȴѾȥ̫ꡣ
Ҷİɣ黹ûɽˮĵزڱҪȷλ̬ī˵
ˮ˵ҿǿ϶ҪסġΪֻп㣬ܱ֤ʱԴӹȥ
ͷǵģġ㿴Щ棬һֱ壡
īЦҲΣܷߵġ
ߣҲ塣һǲǷʲô
ֻǵǷ벻ǷǾͺˡ̾Ϣһ
ʱƮŮһԺȻ˵īͷһҪֵģ
ħ˵ǣܹԹۡ
ī¶һ˿ЦҪ˵ƮŮֱ˵㲻ҪȰǶƤ֮ëɸ
īʱĬ
ĵģʵһֱԼߵЩˡ
֮ûдӦԳ۵飬ȺİΧͻȥΪ뿴ԼЩ˳κε⡣
ȻħҲãҲãƮŮЩҲãȫǳһСԣǲԸ
Ǳӻ̫ˡƮŮ˵Ĺھ磬Ҳİˡǣÿһս϶ˡǰ£ȴİǲϣгһգ㵹µʱȻԱһԹߡָо̫ܣȻսҲôǿ
ᵹµġͮһ
ƮŮ۵ͷȻûϣ¡
ͮҲףųīֱۣ˵ҪԹˡ
˵ҲҪս
ǰīУзǳˣܹ㡣Щ̫ϾĹ档ͬԸһֱȵ˵ְȣǳܲ𣡡
˵Щ̫Ϲǣʱ򣬰ǰ磬ڣҲѾ׷ģԼ棬κεĲҲףû㣬û硣ԣ빲Ҫսһսɣ
īǣһʻӣã̾ϢһӦÿˣǸжֲֻһ
ϵͷΪǿˣԣǲŸ޾壡
ƮŮЦ˵磬澳ϵʿѾԼһξѪļ档гһսδĳһ죬Ҳ¾ѵһ졣ֻҪڣǾһܹػص۷塣Ǹһսɣ
ǸһսɣħĿųī˵
ʦƮùáǣīķǳжڣͷã̸ˣǾܡǼҲκεĻᡣֻҪǵһ׷ɱδеսһ𣡡
ãͬ
ѾѾõˣĲԸīһֱţҪΪīֵ
ڣУһɹɵĲ
ī˵ˣ
뽵Ƭգ
Ѿ̫£û뿪֮ˡǵĵζ֮أѾĶ֮С
ԣЩ棬˿Ҳøӽ
Գ棬磬һ˲õĴ¡
Ȼ󣬳īֱһΪһ߳սվ˵Уȴǲһ
սеˣȫ̲ססǶЩ𺳵ˡ
īһ


1763 ͻ
⵨ò˵൱֮
ֱǵˣ
Ⱥ֪īôĵѵһ۾Ϳ
ʱǱߵԳۣͻȻһٶֱӿսĿռԾ
ˣ
ųīǵһ߳ȥߵĳսҲȻֱʧãã֮С
ǱߵȺǶʱеɧң֪òȥ׷սǶ˳īʱְ÷ֻҪīܲȺ˾Ҳûϵ
ͨ磬ܵԶôܳȥɣ
Ҳм棬˼Ƚܡʶڳīɨɨȥ
ͬ磬ô̽飬Ҳܴӳī̽鵽ʲô
ʱ򣬳սѾ˲ٴεĿռԾѾԶƬա
ֱʱīΣͻȻ䶯һ£ȻֱӶԳ˵Ҹ꣬пռԾ
ԳһĵͷսԾԾԾ
սȺˣ˭˵֪ʲôΪʲôīͻȻı⣿żƣҪߡ
ʱһһεĹȥսϽſռԾÿһգ۵Ḷ́սͻһƬİС
ѾεĿռԾ
սƬΪƣʱսıϣҲѾʼ˴Ѻۡͬ֩һ㣬鲼Ҿ޴ս
ī˵ҲʡΪǶܴӳīϾϣϵ֮ɫ
ռԾĴﵽʮεʱսЩܲסˡ
꣡
һ죬սѿһ޴Ѻۡ
磬ֱӴҿڳȺˣûһߡ۵ϣҲһϣͬû˿Ŀ־֮ɫ
սľ޴ѺԽԽ࣬սѾҪϵˣ
ʱ򣬳ī۵һһѪ
ī


ԵЩˣȫһĿųī
īڰ֣ûϵ
һ˵磬ȥģ
ʲôͮʱˣ۾ˡ
˵սԽôεĿռԾǸһֱ֧սпռԾ
ʱ򣬳ī
ʱ򣬳ĬĬڵϣһųīȥ
ȻħҲһųīȥ
ȻƮŮۡ
Ȼꡢˮͮ
̫ϾѾ൱ǿˡǵУԳһС棬ڲϵתСݻһ磬˵ûκѶȡ˿̣еľīӴһ˲䣬־޴Ĳࡣ
˵嵱еľһƬ󺣣ǳīϵľ޾ĺǿգ
˫֮Ĳ࣬ʵ̫ˣ
ʱ򣬳ī΢΢һ𣬽˵ľȫ˻ȥû£ǲҪġžܻһսʱ˵Ҫˡ
ī˵ţֱӴϷɳĴҩЩҩȫʮļƷҩڱӡСǳī޾ղصЩƷ
¯ҲһӷɳЩҩֱսȥȻʼĹ̡
̾Ϊֹ
Ǳһɵĺųīעȥ
ʱ򣬳īУַɳЩУֱбģȻսѷȥ
£սһεģԾʮΣ
ڣī壬Ѿʼҡҡ׹ʱսĴյУڳӰ
ӷ𣡡
𣡡
һϺУһϵʿ
ǳֵķǳͻȻڳЩˣȻûһܹ֪˵ĵ
ԣ˳ֵһ˲䣬ˣȫʶҪ˷𹥻
Ҫǳ֡īȻۣȻһƣĿϺиϵʿϺУͷˣţҺۣ
˵ţī۵һֱӵ
ͮæȥסīȻѽһ˵ţλѾɾ̫ϹλŮӣȻĿ꣺ҵ壬ôô
ԭīľֱɲ⣬Ⱥˣûһܹ֪īǿڣͮĸܵϵľ磬ƺҲûԼߵȥԣһӾͻˡ
ʱϵʿ˵ûµģѾͷֻƣ͹ȣ̫޴ˡİɣ˯һͺˡ
Ϻһȱӷ⺢ӿѾ꣬û˯һȾˡεģ˵Ҳ̫޴󣬱ϾҪ۳һƭķġ̫˯һɡ
ϵˣһ𾪵ĿϺкϵʿȻû˵ȴѾĲ³λݡ
ӣ
̫޼
˭벻ͨߣȻǰ
Ϻиϵʿֱӽӹ˳ī񣬿ʼ޲ҳսͬʱΪսĿռԾṩ޴
ʮԾʮԾʮԾ
Ⱥ˾ĿɿڴĿţˣͨȻ˵ƽĺͨ˭벻ǾȻ治ɫҳսƵĿռԾ
ڣսĿռԾﵽ˰εʱ
ϺиϵʿϣҲ¶Եƣ֮ɫ
˿̣棬Ѿóİˣ
û֪ʲôطǰȻ˴ƬѪɫ
䣬Ѫɫ
˶Ŀɿڴ
ϺţҲ¶һ˿ϲ֮ɫӷ벻гһգܿıԵ
ıԵˣһ𺳣վսϴϣԾĿƬͬһѪɫռ䣡
ʱսϢģƬѪɫ֮С
ˣϺиϵʿˣȫͬʱһ
֮ءϵʿ˵
һϺ΢Ц
ȫһͷˮӣ׷ʲôһж̫ͻȻˡ
ԭī˵Ҫʲô̬ȣΪʲôٵ˲䣬ֱӸı⣿۳һǿķȥȴֱóߣ
Ϻиϵʿôģ
˵īϺкϵʿ֮䣬һֱϵ
ʱϵʿ˵ڰȫˡ
Ϻпһˣصκ飬һжѣսȥ
ȫһ˵⻰˵˸û˵һ
Ϻиϵʿ̫ɲˣīû۳ǵҲȫڵĶְ
ʱ򣬳ī˫ۣһ仰ǣϺУͷǡȫˣ
ī


ī
˺һ£ֱΧ
Ϻţİɣǰȫˡ
ϵʿҲ˵ȫˣǡϧˡ
ī˵ûʲôϧģһѡ⾳硭ȻܳɹһΣȻҲܳɹڶΡ
ī仰óϺкϵʿ֮ˣȫסˡ
ֱͮӾ͵ųīʵôˣ


1764 飿
ˣҲȫһ𺳵ĿųīЩ˵ƮŮۣ̲סȦ죬ᡣ
䣿
⻹˵ã
īѾɹĳ˰
ѵ˵֮ǰֳһȻ֧ųսжʮοռԾ֮󡭡ģȻ̶ֳȣ硭ȥˣ
īڰ֣˵ûôŸµġİɣûµġ
׷ʲôüųī
ī̾ϢһȻ˵֮ǣˡ
ˣȫһ⡣
׳īⷬʲô˼ʲôѵǣ
˵ķӦҲǼģһӣ뵽ࡣǵϣ¶֮ɫ
ʱ򣬳ī˵ǣҲǹԭߡ
𺳵ɫī͵νԭߣ˵Щˣǹеɳ顣ǲǹϵļߡǣ̹Ŵĺᡣǣ̹ŴȻ򣬲ܽ͵ġ֣Ǹĸġ
ī˵ĶеңڳЩˣȫˡ
ī˵֮ǰͻȻӵ̫޼ӴݹϢˣУǿԭߡ顣ԣ֪ܶܡ
ϵʿ˵ʵԭҲ֪ǵȷ֪ĸࡣЩǵȥ֮ţڡ״ȫļ֮ţһеĹ֪һеŸϽ֪ͨīǧĿžˣ̹Ե䵽֮С
ӷ𡣡Ϻһȱ˵һȡеžˣдȱǲң
ңϵȫЩãȻĿϺС
ˮʵΪʲôң֮ǰǸˣǾ͵ȡĿ𣿡
ΪǸ˵У̹Ÿϵʿ˵ΨУ̲̹Ŵ˵ˣȡ龧ˡ֮ųйѪ͹ˡʵϣǶƭ˵ġһֱڵȣڵһ˵ĳ֡
ʱ˽䵽īϡ
ϵʿҡҡͷǸˣδؾǳīҲǱˣڿǳīˡ
˲⣬ϵʿ͵ԭҪγɵ磡ѵԼҲЩ鵱УһҪõľѪˣȴûô򵥡ʵϣеԭߣ嵱УŹѪҺҲйˡˣǻڵģѪͬҲˣ˵˭ͻһЩīΪֻԵͬһȫһ˵ϡԣһ·Ȼȴ˼
ƮŮۺȻ˵ʵǾЩˣõġ
ħ˵ǰΪһˣ
ǵģˣ
īˣʱ޿̵űӻǡ
ϺţȺˣϹѪ˷ǳǿ顣ǳīǿ
ʱ򣬳վһԣЩʧĵأʲô
Ϻпһ۳ۣ˫ȱ۾˸޾ǵĹâֹâǳůóǰδеоһ𺳵ĿϺСϣûܹĸоûκһ飬ܹΪԼԼ
ԣеޱȵ𺳡
㣬Ҳһֶ̬дȱд컯磬Ҫһ磬̬ȻǵһġϺһȱ˵ţ˵ҲãҲãȫǹԭߣȫĹᡣ
īţʵҲкöϢҪʱһΪЩϢ𺳡ҲһֶʱԳ׽ܵĸо
֮ǰǸ˵ĿУѿڶһ仰˵磬޽Գһ硭
ܿģǸ˾ͱտڲˣûм˵ȥ
õϺиϵʿϢףԳһʲô˼ˣ
ǱϺкϵʿڵĸ˽ЩΪҲѾЩˣҪһеʱˡ
棬޽Ĵ硣
Ľ㵽ȫ޷ĳ̶ȣǸ磬һֳ졣
죬ֱǣ죻컯ң죻ȴͺɴϽ죡
쵱УĴĴ
Ĵͳ磡
ÿһ磬һ֮ǿ޷ǵֶͨΣѾõľˡ
̹ŴԭںɴϽеһ硣һдԵ컯У̲޾ĴȱػΪ㡣
У飬ӦǶֶе飬ӦȨ
ںɴϽǧУȼΪɭϣϿĳ̶ȡһ磬һЩΪԵ˺컯飬ҪϸĿ顣
һЩĳһﲻ׼ôЩҪôᱻҪôͻᱻŵڰ֮ء
νĺڰ֮أһľء
ûκϣ
̹Ŵ֮󣬳Ϊ˺ɴϽǿһսʿǧ磬֡飬ȻƽȡȴΪ鶼ȨǼȻڣеӦΪĨɱӦš
Ϊֹ۵㣬ɴϽеϴݡǣ뿪˺ɴϽ졣
ʼԶ죬ȥ˴ȴ졣Ϊȴ죬Ӧͬ
֮ȴʧķ֣еģȻкܴڱϣһģ
һЩΪ͵ȵġۻ飬ͬû취ڡ³Ҳࡣ
Ǳ߻ҵܶɣ˵Щ鲻Ӧô˵ģ󣬳ǶϴڵĲأ˵ϰԱ壬Ӱ쵽Ὣǣٱ˵Щ̫ңϴڡ
кָܶɣ廨ţǧٹ֡Щɣ̹ŴȻҲͬġһЩȴо̫ǣǿˡ
Щ飬ǻԵ컯ĲԵ컯ˣŻ䡣Ȼܹ䣬ͲӦñ⴦á
еɣȫۺϵһ̹ŴֻһЩ飬ǿ
ǿ󵽿Ըѹһеĳ̶ȣô˸𣿻˸Ҹôˮ𣿻˸
̹Ŵȥ磬ǲġ
ʧˡ
Ĵ磬ȫʧˡ
ԣֱӳߣңԶıԵش
һĻҰش춼Ҫİش
Ȼ̹ŴҪһ磡
Ҫٳ죡
ΪΪ飬ṩһӻ֮أ
ɹˣҲʧˣ
ΪɹĴȺ꣬ϣЩܾ꣬СľѪˡԣЩа飬ĺ̹ŵĺᣡ
ʧܣ־ٶŭеĺܶϴڡ
һ֣ѹ̹ţҲѹδ͵һ硣
Уϣ飬ࡣ


1765 
ܲ˼ɣ
࣬Ÿе࣬ȻЩϴУΪࡢΪۻ飡
飬ûʸ쵱У
һˣҪٱŵ³
ʵЩϴں͸ߵȼΪۻࡢɷǳЦ٣࿴ǷǳЦġ
Ϊģ
УѪģ
ʲô磬ӵʵ࣬һЩ飬޷Ҳ˵ǲԸ
Щߵȼ鿴ֱǲ˼һ£
ΪʲôҪǶộֱࣿ
춼Ǵĸ߼λ棬еиߵȼ飬ȫԾ̬䡣
ȻżҲ۳ָ壬ЩǱѡûѪ⣡
ңЩ鿴ǰ࣬ûκ塣ÿһ˾ȻвͬԸֱǲ̵һ顣һЩ͵ȼ黹õ㣬ֻзŭú;ּ򵥵ǲ
ģͳͳ
ĻԵˣȴܲϵ쵱Сңÿÿ־žߵ
̹Ŵ񣬾ٮٮߣ
ˣ
Ӧ˶ӵӵ
ؼǣ̹̫ǿˡս˫£죬ûκĶ֣
ԣЩϴУ࣬ࡢۻˡ
ֱᵽԸӵĵز
̹Ŵ˼꣬춼ܿġ̹ţҲ̹š̹ŵʱ춥ڵ̬ĺܶԡ
ǧɣۺһʵֻһǲǿ
ǿ̹ţûκǡûκ˵ࡣ
̹Ŵ꣬˻֣Զ죬Щ־˵ֱһϲѶ
Ҫٵ죬ǾͲˣ
ϴڵУˣܰ࣬Ҳ飡
ԣһ̹ųɹٵ죬ôһ죬飬һǻȥģ
һ춼Թʧ
ԣֱñֶΣ̹ţ̹ŵ롣Ȼֱַѹ
̹еıأʵ̫ջˡ
̹Ÿ̹ԵֶԲض˵쵱УҲģ
̹Ե̫͹Ҳ鷢֣̹ԵΪıУ
һ̹ԵϾ͵ƥеս
ԣʼд飬⡣
Ȼ죬ȫϵġʵϣУ飬˽̹磬Ϊ죡
īõϢУ̹žһ˲䣬ŭ߱̽Լ
̹ŵѪȾԭѩ߱쵶
Ȼ̹ŭţ˵֣߱죡
֣γһɱ⣬߱ĵС
ЩϺиϵʿļ֮ţõϢ
쾿һ磬īҲΪϺиϵʿݸϢУû̫Ϣ
֮ʵǸȡ˵С͵һߣ
Ƕ쵱У
Ǹȡ˵ˣõ̹Ÿ޾µļ̹֮ŸڳıСԣڽ죬Ҳ̹ŵֱ֮ӿԵȡЩˡ
һУͬмһվʧˡ
ϺжԳī˵磬ڿм֮ź󣬵óĽۡ龧ˣʵǵĹؼ֮
Ϣ֮ǰϵʿûдݸīԣīˣҲЩܾȡ
꣬Ҳܵһ󵼣Ǹߣ˵ĻǼٵġվѰࡣ治ʲôɽ磬ʲôɱ硣磬Щ˵ȴǳΣġǲ׵Ľ죬ҲĳǡҪɹֻһ취ϵʿųīǶɱ
սУ˶һ͵ı飬ϵʿ˵ͷǸͨԪ̫޼
û뵽һԵϺУĵͷȱķҲнŭĿһ档ҪΪȡһĻᣬֻ취
Ҳ˵뿪龧ˣ磬Ǻ˵õ龧ˣΪŻô˵ģǰɣһʵ
ǵġϺеͷ
ô뿪龧ˣЩԭĴ磬࣬Ǿݽߣϵ飬Ҳ԰ɣʵ
ûϺٴεͷ
˸˵Ļٵĵˣ֮ȻǸ̹Ÿߡ֮еЩ飬ʵӦǵѣǵĵˡ
ġϺһȱȻ̾Ϣǣ֮羭Ӫ̫ˣԶҸ޼Ҫ硣ǵҲѾġû˻ţǻĵˡľ˲뿪ڵ磬ȻĻǸҲôȥȻʵ֪Ще飬뿪˾ˣ֮ıӻߣ
ϵʿЦǰûбҲûϵȫ˵ϴͨػ硣
⣬ȫˡһĴ֡ı޾顣е飬ȫӡҲҿѾϵһСӦĲá
ԣн죬ʵ౻ҿʱ̡
ԣ˲
֮ǵĿģҪѹ磬ΪɣīȻʵ
ϵʿͷˣͬҲţܵõ龧ˣȻǿˣԼΪ
ȫЩȡ
ϵʿЦǲİ࣡еЩڣ϶˵ǸӴ˵ĺʵƨκ飬˽ģ֮£ǿɰ̫ˣ
ϺţųīԣϵĵӺأҪ龧ˣ䣬ҲΨ㣬һ㡣Ϊ飬죡
ϵʿ˵棬һ컯һɹ죬ôͻγһ컯ϡǶһһֱӻһֱӻ֮ôǱߣҪǣҲûôˡ٣ڴϣǾվסš޷˵ЩսʿǡΪǱߵĶڣƣ飬ܵõϺϿɣԲܽһ硣
ϵʿ˵ţЦЩ飬̫߼̫ΪԣǶܽһ֪γɣôеľ飬ӷ򣬳ϵĴڡҲֱӿܡܻкܶ飬ֱӳҲǸ߼飬ǰġۻġ
ԣγһ磬˵Ҫϵ޾īʵ
ϵʿϺȫһĵͷ


1766 ˣˣ
īͷˣ龧ˣҪȫ
Ϻиϵʿͷ
ϵʿ˵ȫҪõ̹ŴĴС̣ģѾǹıԵشңѪ򡣱޾ѪΧţκʶ̽鵽ҸϺУΪ㻤
Ϻһ˫У¶޾Ĵȱ֮ɫųīţӷǶƴȫ˶䣬Ҳϧ
ī̧ͷЩǵĿһϺУҵ
Ϻͷ
īЩأ֪ϵʿϺжǿ˵ҲеĶǿˡּ֮ʿŲСĲġ
˶Ѿﵽ־ͲΣɶԷ̫ǿˡ
Ҫ꣬龧ʯīȻʵ
Ϻиϵʿһ۶ԷϺ¶һ˿΢Цϵʿȴ̾Ϣһ֪
֪
īЩˣˣҲȫЩ¡
ϵʿ˵龧ˣΪأҲΪǿ֮ҲܼǣҪٵʱ䡣
īͷ˵֪ˡ
Ϻиϵʿֱ֣ͬӴǸ˵Ĵָ
Щȵǣöָռ䲢󡣲֮ǰһС硣
ָĿռ䣬ԼҲһɷԲ
ռ⣬ɢһĲԸһеϢ֪̽
öˣī׼ΪǸ磬ٶһЩʿ˵ĿǰЩ˿ܰﲻʲôæδγһ硣
Щˣĸ
Ҳֻ޾ܸ
ī׼ģǿӦβĽԾˡ
ⶫӦûһͷ
龧ȡ˲䣬īֱӸоһѪеļ¶
̹Ѫ͡
īڵһʱ䣬Ѿˡ
Щˣ˿ȫصȥĿֻʣһ
ֻԳۣϺкϵʿ¡
ī˿Ѿ˳սϥѪɫУ߱죬ϥϡĳ죬ʼѪöԵľˡ
˲䣬һɼϢ·һɾķâ˳īľʶС
īǿľʶֱӱˡ
ȻһѪ
˿̾Ѿ̫ϲΣ޷Ϣ
⣬龧ˣԸīѪͨ¡һ̫ʿֻһ£ܾѾֱˡ
īϣ¶һĨЦȻʼľķ
ķҲʵǿᡣеĹǳһֿ֧һֱ߾Ĺ
ܴ̹飬϶Ƿ֮ԣĹȻҲܲ
īûͼȥǿԵľˣǿʼķǳָԼʵ
ãã棬¡
ʱ·Ǳ̵ġ
Ѫ겻ͬبžûб
һǧ֮󣬳īڽһΪ³ص˴澳硣
УϺиϵʿͬҲھš֮ǰΪĿռԾĶܾ޴
һƬ˵žͬһƬء
ڳīΪ»ص澳֮˫ۣĿǿԵľ档
һΣīûķҲûǳ
ΪãǳôǿҲĹ
̹ŵĴУ̹Ĺ˵ĹгͻġԣīֱӿʼţѪԵ⣬ȥöԵľˡ
īһ߶ˣ
ΪǳԴȥͨԾ˵һɲǣԾǱߣѾ˻Ӧ
ȻǹϢȻȻһɾķâʱַâԳī˺ѾСˡ
ûκε˺
īҲˣΨıԴܹЩˡ
˿
ϺиϵʿҲͬʱ˿
Ƕûע⵽īʼǿԵľʱսеԳۣһ˫УԳһĨãȻ֮ɫ漴˫ۣʼҵ˸
Ȼֹƽ
ʲô鶼ûз

ȴ˵īǵڳսпռԾ뿪֮һƽȺ档¶һ˿΢Ц
Ǻð
ȺȫޱĿųīм¶һĨŪ֮ɫڼī֪ʱ򣬾Ȼǡ
ī̧ͷ޾գǹɵĲͬˮһ㣬ϱǿ
֮Ȼǿ˾īķš
˺ܾ֮ǱͻȻ߳һӰһɫս£ˣһŹšĳࡣɫսµӰǱ߹
ǵĲأһ൱ɣǳ졣һһ˳īǰ
𣿳īа
֮أѵûô
ᣬǸءҲûʲôãעһжҪġ
īпЦΪ߷Ҫġ
ˣȻ󣬸ߣһɫս£ڹâе˺ǿƣҲֱӡûκιĨǡ
˾ж
īţֱӾͳˣ
ȻӵȫսһʵҲȫС൱ǿᡣ
һȭ˵Ĵɫսµˡ
䣡
һɿֱֲӱ
⴩ɫսµˣе㱻īľٶŪסˣû뵽׷˵ĵӾȻֵز֣
ֱһͷƬռ䣬ʱסˡ
ʱҲһֹͣš
īΣȴȻڳ
ɫսµ˷ǳŭͬʱ־úܶ
һͷԿԽסԷġ
һ澳ʿĵͷôߡҲܸ߳ķ롣
ʱīȭͷѾǰ
ɫսµֱ֣һơ
¡¡
Ƭգһ޴ĺ
Щ棬̲סüͷˡеܲסֲֿĲ
ī壬ʱѿˡһˡ
ԣֵɫսµ˶ʱһȻҪīۻͬʱʩչϰͨĿֻһȻī
ΪҪ֪һıܵȥˡ
Ҫͬа취ҵı𡣿ڣȴԼһƸˣ
ǷɫսµˣҲȫסˡ
ȫϵĴڣУߡ
죬ȴ˸ˣˡ


1767 칬
ֱܴ裬Ͳ̡
ǲԾ˶ҪըˡµĲΪ֮֮һֱɨһ顣
ҲᵽȤΪȤǰڴдûеõģ
ˣʵҲûʲôõġΪܹ׵뵽֮ڵսڹԼã
ֱ֮Ĵ磬ĴУݵλҲֱͣ
һΪǰһ֡Ǵĸ£磬ĿҲҪغѹ硣龧ˣͬҲҪõΪĸˣֱĴ졣໥֮䶼мɵǣơ
֮Ҳ
µţǶѾҰģҪƿع磬ҪٳһµĴ죡
龧˵Ĺ˵źܴķ硣
Ȼ龧Ѿ˴ӹˡǾҪȵõ龧˵
û뵽ǣôĶʿȻһĴǱ߹ʿɱ˸ɾ
ԾĶӲֱˣ
䣬ԾվĴĽö಻ʤһȻŭҲһġҲûϵ
龧ˣȻʧˣ
õ龧˵ǸˣȻڶʮƤӵ£һֽѿǡֱʧˣ
ûڵһʱ俴
һ־޴裬·һƳϡȫû취̡
ѾΧ˵ĹʿԾ̧ͷһȦͬɵ۵Ĵ档
칬ĹĵȻû˵Ҳŭɢ
칬Ĺ俴Ⱥ澳ʿĵҾȻо˷ŭ
ĵһ칬Ǻ¡
£ֵͼ˸еᷳ칬˵
ҿЩ£ȴС˵
ھûˣҴǰ˵ӦðЩȡߡ칬ĲţǶΪܶ
ǲܶǲҶ˵񲻿ûжЩ˲ֶΡǸܵ߾ˣΪ̹Ÿ㿴ΣûܱסһߣͬĽ顣Ҳô
Ǹ˸ˣΪƴ߶̹ŸɵġΪǸİ顣칬˵
ʱ򣬲Ծһڻ˵Щʲô壿ˣѰҵǸ飬Ȼ
ǸˣѾԶˣµûĻӦѾ뵽ѪȥˡЩطǣҲû취֪̽ʵ˵
Ҳܷѵ뿴һµĴԾ˵

֣ȫĬ
ǴĴȻǷ£޾¹ȥж޴ҰġҲ
ǣֶĴĴ鷢̹ŴҲ϶вã鷢ġ
ǲ޾£񣬲ҲѾʼô
鷢ǸˣǻٵԾ˵Ȼ󣬽龧ˣͻصȥҵǸȡ˵С͵ǵɱ
Ҳֻˡһ̾Ϣ
칬Ҳͷ
ΣֱʧС
ʣǶʮ澳ʿȫЩսսģ֪Ӧô
涼Լ˴
ҵȣҲûеȵʲôָʾһ˿˵ҲûܿǸ˵αװز𷣡
˵⣬ͻȻ¶޾ľ֮ɫȻ壬׵ѿˣ
ô澳ʿԼϷֲ龹Ȼȫûа취ƿءֻĿԼ壬ѣ
ܿģȻ飡
ǿƥԪųҪϸ죬Ҫߡȴͬһε˺ˡ
ţʣЩûеĴ棬Ҳȫһ˺ԪȻ󡭡ֱӻҷ
ƬգһƬҾһɻľɱֵطٹ꣬һƬأ澳鵽١
ܿģ֮УɳһľǿߡЩǿߣŹĸطȥ
ͬڹһߵһƬѪ档
Ǹصӣ˿ڻָص
̹Ÿϥϣǲ԰׵ϣ޾ķŭ
һ澳飬һޱȵĶȻ˺ңȻܴ߾ˡǹӦôܺãܺã鵱УܻһӦߣǹôһ㿴ҡӦǸӦߣ̹Ÿ˵أ˵ţϥϵ̹Ÿһ
֮ء
칬
һƬ嫶ֹϵľ޴һ޴Ĵ½֮ϣƮƬããС
ܾ滹ԿŴضֹϵġ
ЩģԱЩµʴҲԵֵǿߵĹ
ЩģȫġǶĴĲ
û֪ܡ칬
С㣬Ѿ￴̫ʱˡЩġһģεŮü˳۵˵
ŮԣվһѩƤ£ŮӡŮһͷ˿Ϊ˳Ĵڼϡѩ׵Ƥӳɻԡ
Ůü˫ˮǣʮָУʼΪ߹ֻü䣬ƺһ˿ĳ
ŮĻЦǳôڣҾ㿴İɣҲġ
ŮһվǣίĵҲŶԣʲôѽ
ȰЩ伮൱أҪǷֱ˶ôѽ
Ů΢΢һЦգһ˫鶯Ĵ۾ô죬Ȼǲˡ
ŮЩɵ۵Ŀϣ
ѽѵҪϲɣŮȻ˵
Ҳǡ԰ϵĻ϶鵽˭Щ伮ŮЩҵĿŮӣĻἤŭġ
ǣŭ𣿡ŮЦеʵ
⣬ûСŮƫͷ룬Ȼش
ǲͽˣȳȥɣٿһᣬٿһͻȥðɣŮ¶һЦݣ
Ůֻһεߡ
ߺŮϵЦݣʧ˫¶һĨ֮ɫĿ⣬صǲĵ伮档
Ȿŵ䣬һҲʮҳӣÿһҳ棬Ǹָģûһ֡ȥǳɬѶ
ŮӵУЩȫŤţǻһ㡣ңŮӵĿƶЩҲƶȻ󣬽
һɵķɢ
ŮӺȻϹŵ䣬̾˿


1768 ʫ
ȻŮӵУ¶ã֮ɫⲿŵ仺ķŻȥȻ΢΢˫ۣܿģһɫģͬƽһ
طһ˲䣬ͱýҫǲŻȥĹŵ䣬ͬҲڻŽǶȣֻصԭλȥͬʱЩɫ˿ߣŮȫϢֱĨøɸɾ
ŮӴ߳Լסȥ
ǸεŮ棬ŮӵӰ˿ȻŮӣߴߴ˵ʲô뿪
ټĻ԰Уֻ˵ӰΪ칬޹
֮⣬ûκ˸̤㵽档
ЩŮӺŮ֮⣬κ뵽ΪŮӣ칬ŮĹСᾭͻ⣬Ҳǹġ
ǹ鷿ͲЩܹܵˡҲ֪淢顣
Ψһ֪СŮȻԼС㡣ʵϣҲ⣬ΪʲôС鷿Ҳûʲô˵ġ
ŮӻصԼ޹֮󣬽ŮߣȻһ˾﷢
С֪ԼǹŮǳãֱ΢
칬֮һݵλŮܵһУȻ˵ġ
һ£ǹȥ鷿
ںССʱ򣬾ѾԼһûжκ˵
ǾǣԸ칬еġйͨ
е̫ڿֲˣ
Ȼֵ֮طҲη塣Ϊֱ̫˼һ㡣
ԿǽϡʯͷϡƬϺͽµ·ϵЩģȻģǴ澳ʿҲôΪ
Ƕ֪ЩĺܲǳΪһ𣬾ƴҲܽЩɢɢ
֮󣬷޵Уǽ޵У޵У
û˭ܹƣ
Ҫ˵ЩģģԼ˼룬жʶǲŵġһЩϵģŷĻưˣôأⲻƭ
ʫȴܹЩĹͨġ
֪ԼΪʲôӵոм䣬ʼѧʱ򣬾͸оЩĺУһٻ
һʼʱܺ£úܿ־塣ЩĶھİοҪ£ǲ˺ġ
ģʫЩģѣ˺ѡ
Ժ֪ÿһĵƢԣҲÿһϲʲô
˵޹ǽϵģͺϲ¡ָĹ¶ϲÿһ飬ǽ߶µʱЩľͻǳá
˵ǽϵģͺϲʫͼǽ£ǱʾûжȤʫߵĸǽϵľͻرġ
СŮϲʫڶʷ伮֮ڲһֲ롣
ǲǡ磿
ΪʲôܾãҸ磬ָĸо
ʹˣʹһĸף칬ĹֱӾͷƢˣǹһΣҲΨһһΣʫǰ
ݺѵʫ˵˼룬ֱǺ˵˵
ң㣬ڹеˣ㲻磬
Ǵ֮ʫ㰲ɻȴûΪ׵һηѵ١ˡ
һֱȥ׵鷿֤һҪ⿪еɻ󡣵칬Ĺ޾Ӳ뿪벽޹
Σڳȥˣôõ¹ȥʫӦѾСʱһ档ԣûн鷿ӡ
û뵽ʫ鷿ңҪһ伮ǲ伮칬ϣͲԾԼ֮֮⣬ûܿ
ˣ
ʫ׾ٵĶ伮ϵģңܸǽԴĽ
ֻĴУΪ飬Żӵеġ
ʫⲿ伮ֽĴͨʷ
ȥֻܱôһݣʵϣĵУȴ󡣼ֱһĴİٿȫ飡
ԣʫһӣͽյ̫̫Ϣ
ȻԼ
Ĵеһ飬˭ĺӣ֪ԼˡеѪҺ塢ǡȫǷ۳ģ
ޱʻõһָҲѪҲоۡΪ壬Ǳһķӡģ
Ҿ;˭ҵĸסΪʲôҪҴ
Ҫʲô
ʫҲãȫ֪ԼӦôˡ
̫õ£ڣҲԼһⱾˡûĸŸϵĲࡣ
ǲĴͨʷУ˺ܶĽܡ
աթࡢۻࡢͼӡ̡
еĸݣⲿĴͨʷУĽҵõ
ĴͨʷϽЩֱͲӦô䡣Ӧñ
ΪʲôΪʲôҽӴ࣬ˣǵУȷлˣȷһЩ˵ϣȱ㡣ⲻΪʲôĴͨʷУݣ˵Ĳѵ˵ĴЩν߼飬һ覴öû𣿡
ʫ˺Уã
Ϊĸף칬Ҳһ覵顣
ǵģⲿĴͨʷ칬ﵽԿ̵ģѾ֪Լĸף϶࣡
ȻĴЩ飬ҲģôΪʲôҪ˳أǳԼΪˡ˾ͲôûѪ⡭һǸɾģ
ʫȻǽԿ̵ģ΢΢һ£ʵүү࣬ô𣿡
ǽϵģʫӴģƺΪүү
ǽϵģʮֹŤһ£ͻȻһƽͼֱ͹ԳȻ󣬴ϣȻ߳һȫĹɵСˡ
СָֻС׷һ顣ȥȷһүү
ӣΪʲôôأָСİ׺ͷ΢Ц˵κ飬клڡġ
ǡΪʲôĴͨʷϣʫʵ
㡭㾹ȻȥǶ׺ͷƺܾȣе־壬ԥһ£˵ӣ£ǧ򲻿㸸֪Ȼɱ㣡
ʫȻԼЩ䣬ףԼֻҪ֪ĶһѣΪʲô׾Ҫɱ


1769 Ѫ
ʱ򣬰׺ͷ̾˿Ӧ֪㲢ǹˣ
ʫͷǵĹүүΪʲô˭Ϊʲôᱻ
׺ͷĬһᣬҡҡͷҲֻ֪ͷܴ󡣵㾿˭ȴһļɻ䡣ǱԿġӣһ£ұҪ㡣
ʫ̧ͷŰ׺ͷүү˵
ʵȫĴ顣׺ͷԥţµ˵ϣһѪҺġ
ʫһȣǼˮûκβ죬¶һ˿ϲɫҵϣѪҺ
ţݣһ޴ĽɣԣŻиĹͨ˵ĲΪֻĴĴڣֱ¡ǹճʱҲûôġ
ǣʲôأʫЩ̾˿Լ˭֪ҲԶᡣ
׺ͷ룬˵֪һô
ʫͷһĨϣϣв֪Լô
׺ͷЦЦҡҡͷûС
ԣҵȻ֪ѽʫ˵
׺ͷ˵ɣȥһˣȥʲôҪʣҲʲôҪ󡣶ҡгһգĸ׸ΪУҲҪվߡ㣬𣿡
ΪʲôҪңôܸԼĸΪأʫʱһɻȻүүףԼүүһԴԼΪУȫʺţΪʲôүүĽ顣
׺ͷʫ̾Ϣһĸףĳأ
ܣʫЩˣ΢΢üͷүү㲻ô˵
ðɣ֪㲻ţҿԸ㿴һ
׺ͷ˵ţֱһ㣬ʱһ档
УվһɫսµˣһŻƽսµˡ϶âţȫࡣ
ʫȴһ۾ϳǸɫսµˣĸף칬ǸŻƽսµˣҲϵã֮
УڶԻ
ˣ֮ʵ
ôܲܰɣ칬˵ңֻһʲôĺӡ
ЦýȻ˵ֻĪǣҲã໹ѪһĶȻġ˵֮ȻסڲԣȻĵʫһۡ
ʫʱһһš
׺ͷ˵£֮ʱڼɻǽϵĶѡ
ʫɫЩ԰׵ĵͷȻǻ档
У칬Щ̾˿Ȼ˵ʵҶ֪ಢûôɶ񡣡
ȻһеԭȻ֪Ĵ󻷾Щ࣬Ϊ̫̰ٺ٣ʵڷܰɣҪø࣬ͱҪڷܣȴΪ̰˵ģǿ־񡣡֮˵飬ң㲷ԾҲı䲻ˡ
칬˵ǣĿٳһأ
֮ЦЦܵģ£̹ŴΪ
ǰ̹ŴеĴڣĸ˫ǿߡ볢ԡ칬˵ЩˣȻǵĸָʲôֱأ
ǡҲ뷨Ҳ뿴һµĴְɣ֮˵˵ţ칬Ǹӣÿ㴦ˡһĽɣϸ˵ҲĳˣϾɱ衣Ͳгһգˣ֪һе֮󡭡㱨ô
仰ʫ壬Ȼ΢΢һ£У¶ŵɫġ
ôʫȻȦˡ
С
칬Ҳһԥı飬ȻɬĵʱҴǸŮˣҵ棬ҡҡҲҿּȻ˵ʫĹ⣬̡ĴԼĹ⣬ҽ̹磬𡣿ӣһǺϲġԡ
칬Ļ֮ϣĵˣһѪǲ֣ȫѵ֪𣿡
˵֮Щɫˡ칬ǵסĴģǶ˼ģŶԸ飡ұ֤СĲѣָұ֤Щģô
칬ҡҡͷһʫķ򣬲Ӧ˵ڵķ˵ңЩȻԼֿӡġĳЩ棬ȷƿء
ǲˣ֮ЦЩûʴȰɣǶĴ飬پãҲվ࣬ˣǲҪѪҺͽǵĶ飡
£ٿǿǣʼҵע֮£ûо˵һС칬˵ţ̧ͷ֮һ˵˵컯ңܸ浽ʲôվңֻ˵ˣ̼ԼĹĴ졣ȴûɱ
֮⻰Ҳ̲סĬ֪Էвʲôڸһʵ
ʫվǴ컯ңĹ⣡
ݣΪĸ࣬ΪһѪҺĴ죬ΪĹ
ӦΪĴڣ
ЩˣҲҪϥݵģ
ȻȻǿƥĴ죬ȴһ磡
ֹǻӣһжٸ
Ĵݵˣ¶ᳬһٸ
Ҫɱʫгһգ컯ңԼһŮ档Ǿɵˡ
ɱɱ˫۰ɡ֮˵꣬ξʧˡûеȵ칬ش
칬ȴǿʧĵط̾ϢһȻҪɱΡ
棬Ҳսᡣ
ʫ̱ޱȻĵ̺ϣˮ˫ɶԵĻžɫµӡ
벻ԼݣȻġ
£Ӧø㡣ʵ㿴⻭棬Ѿ֮ǰĻˡ׺ͷ˵
֮ǰңҲǲŲʮꣿʫʣŰ׺ͷ
׺ͷ˵ӡ㣬ֱЩ꣬Žķӡ⿪ͬʱϣ˺ֶܶΡԣǲġȴȫû뵽ļ̳׵Сʱ򣬾Ѿ˸Ĺͨû뵽ǣôСʱ򣬾ͽˡһ㶼û¶
ҡҡҸô죿ʫ˿̿ȥһֻ˵Сèܿ


1770 ά
ɱĸӡ֮áַӡ壬һУȫòɵ
ޱ磬ʵϣȴĺܱ
ҲǸ㣬ȥһôǸ˿԰㡣˵ǸҲﲻĻôϣûܹˡ׺ͷ˵
˭ҪôҵʫУ¶һĨϣ֮ɫܿ죬ֵĵҵˣܰʲôأ֪Ӧ˭ȥҵôǴ˵ûУô߱
׺ͷ˵һеԭΪӡѵıô̹Ŵ
̹Ŵ񡭡ʫ۾һâ
˵̹Ŵĸֹ£֧ͯꡣǽϵģҲϲ̹ŴĹ¡
һӢۣӵŸеƷͲꡣ׺ͷһ𾴵˵ĴеЩνĸ߼飬Щνǿ˲֪ٱҪ飬ֱ֮
ǣգȻʧ𣿡ʫ̾Ϣ
˭˵ʧˣ׺ͷЦЦУ޾Ļ֣ܻһŻ֣ȼȼϣ֮⡣ȥû飡ҵǸˣǿž˵Ļ֣
ѾˣʫЩȡ
ǵģѾˡ׺ͷ˵һι뿪Ϊԭ磬Ѿ췭ظһı仯
ңҿǿǡʫԼЩңһӽյôϢоЩԳܡ
ӣû̫ʱ俼ˡӦúܿͻˡ
ҡʫ΢üͰ͵ĿŰ׺ͷӦ뿪𣿡
ôˡ׺ͷ˵ҪıһеĻôǽ뿪ġȻüجĻţʵҲûʲôٸ㿴һ
׺ͷ˵ţٴγһ档
һΣɫսµڶԻ
һȻ칬һʫҲǼģǸͰȱ
ѾͷѾʮ˰ɣʵ
˵𣿡칬ƺɣдżá
ҲЦЦ಻ϲַʽԪô˵ҲˣǴҪһֱ
칬ԥһ£ΣŵǱߡδ˼ðա
ʫоԼ壬һΣһΣġЩˡ
칬һֱ׵ˣɱĸסǷҪɱϣʼԥԥĸԴжమΪǸף
еܱף칬ϲԼŮǽǲλ컯ңЩֱ治ˡ
ʱȻЦʵòᡭҪԼ
ʫܴĴϻۣԶԽ顣ԣ仰һ̣УȻðһŭ
ô˵ô޳ܣҪҪˣ
û뵽׹ߵǣ칬Ȼһ̹Ȼĵͷ
һ죬һôϾܹΪĻȢҲǸһ칬˵ңһ㣬ϾŮһŦ
칬ò˵Խһ磬һֱž޴Ұİʡʡɣ̹µĴУǵġ
֪칬ͷ˭ǴУҿ˭
仰˵ޱȸɴ࣬൱һԥ˼ûУ
Ҳеԡ˵ԭһţҪΪǱߵῡҸءȻϲźˡ
ʧˡ
浽ˣٴν
ò˵Щģֲ̫ˡȻ־֮Ľ̸ļ¼
֪֮£֪᲻־嵽Ըӵĵز
Ӧǻģ
ǿֱӻȥ֮еģ
ǲ֪٣ڲ֪
үүҪôҵǸˣҪΡħߣ
ʫ˺ܴ˵ⷬϣۣ滨꣬ȥ
ǻġ׺ͷ˵Ⲣһֱѣһֶţ
˵䣬Σʼģˣһġصǽϡ
ȻǽϵģʼŤһǽϵıڻžһ£
дģӿ
䣬ķ棬γһһɶ೤΢ս
ֻսֲ̫ˣ
Ȼȫɣ
׺ͷսϴ
ʫԥһſ˽ȥȻ档
սһӾʧⷿ档һ̣ѾıԵش
ٶȣû˸
֮Щε飬һȻӵ˿ֲܡոսеģͲʲôռԾǡάȴԽ
ȻĴеЩϴڣҲ֪ĵϣȻµ
ǻûоսǡȴӵųǿķͬʱӵŶʱͿռ䣬߲ε⡣
ʫС󣬵һ뿪֮أһμʶĺ档һ̣еʹһ;ȵĿƬãã棬૵磬ѽ
֮ӣѾţӦüʶʲôӵġ
ʱ򣬰׺ͷһγʫǰ
үүģһĴأЩǣ֪ǵ𣿡ʫʵ
׺ͷ˼˰ΣȻЦԸάȵ磬ȻǵȥĴǸģʵϣֻһٻǴӸάٻѡǵУΪһȣǺܿЦһ顣ǲ֪ڸάȵʵѪ࣬ߡ
ǣԺлᣬ뵽άȵôʫʵܵҲûйڳ޵ָǶϵһδ֪ǳȤ֪άζʲôȥ
ģҪ֪δ֪顣
ɡ׺ͷûиһ϶Ĵ𰸣˵ѣˣ߲һǴӸάȵάȣǴӵάȵάȣһ൱ѵ顣ԣ飬ҪԵϱһǲܣֻǺѡ
ԺһҪѰĻᣡʫУ¶ϣ֮ɫ
룬һģ׺ͷЦе˵


1771 ս
ʫԶһɺ壬̲סЩԾĵʲôط
׺ͷ˵Ѫ򡣡
Ѫ򣿡ʫ΢΢ü֣еѪȡ
׺ͷЦЦ˵Ѫ򣬲£̹ŴϵѪҺƤ棬γɵһǳȫ칬֮ЩˣҲܽʶ쵽ֵط
˵Ǹˣ𣿡ʫʵ
׺ͷͷ棡
īǿԵľˣ̣ǳȴڳС
ԶսУԳۣڹ۲ųīһһУ͸һĨĹâʼգûκξٶ˫ۣһֱڳīϣڼ¼ʲô
ңԶУ̫޼ˣͬһգһҲ
أ
ֱ۾Ѫһ
߳һˡ
˵УһѪɫս
ϣɢžɱĿ⣬ͣѪеĳīϡ
ڼԾ˵ĳī˿Ҳ˫ۡ
ЩԾ벻ԷȻôˡң˵ϣѾܹܲ˵ĸоˡ
ָĺÿ죡
ٶȡҲÿ찡
īһҪֹͣԾ˵ļǱߵ̫޼˵ǡ
˵ţֱվţ𡣡
ţӣҹ̧־һ
ৣ
ʺѪУһ貶ĿѪɫâֱ̫޼
һ̫ˣٶҲ̫ˣ
һӡ͵̫޼ǰ
̫޼ֱһһԲ
ȻѪɫâֱԲ档
R
һ죬̫޼ԲֱӾͱˡ
Ѫ⣬ȴȻ̫޼ɱ
̫޼ֱ˾ԡ
Եǿᵽĳ̶ȡ
һ׺ݵ˳̶ȣУ̹ŸһȻ˵̫޼
ۡȻӵ˱ĿڣӣȴʮԣҵǰЩ㲻ʲô
˵䣬ֱӳʼ̫޼չ
е̹Ÿÿһڿٵһ㡣ǳ¡
Ĺâ̫޼Ҳ޷档
ʱһţӷ𡣡ˣ
嵱Уһ޴Ľɫ𣬼ҪѪ
أ
ǣһָ죬һָأ
ϵ£ΨҶ𣿡˵ɫ΢΢һ䣺ôȴľѧ
ʱɫһֻƣˣֱӰȥ
װŪһе̹Ÿֱ˹ȥ
¡¡
һ¡¡죬ǽɫƣȻһѺۡ
ҲûֵôȻѪˡ
ϣ¶ŭ֮ɫ֮ǰĴݺ޾£δܼȴû뵽뵽֮󣬾Ȼܴ졣ԭȫûзеЩ飬˴鷳
ޱŭ
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ţ̹ŸŽɫ͵ĿȥƾֽѧһȴƤëҲҪѹң׿ϧⷨþ裡
¡¡
һ¡¡ľ졣̲סһѪ
ǽɫķȻն룡
ϺУ̲סһѪųȱϣ¶һĨ֮ɫ
ϺУ
ϵʿŭһһ֣һ޴ԲȦѪ֮С
һΣԲȦֱγһ̫ͼ
һɫһɫ
ߣһֻۣ
ɫ۾Ͱɫ۾ͬʱſˡ
˵ӣʱ׻ҵĲ
ۣ
ٴһѪȻӣҡҡ׹
ȻӶ̹Ÿݺնž޴̫ͼ
̫ͼģȻѵúɴϽľ裡˵С͵ǸС͵ǵľѧ͵ģ
飡
̫ͼ顣
ϵʿ壬ͬܵش
û취˵ľ磬Ѿﵽ˽ǸΡ
ϺкϵʿȻȫǿƥȴźԶһΡ
ţһϺС
ȥɣС͵
ϣ
һȻ
ȻһĨѤĺɫâֱӵ˵ĸǰ档ֱӷ춯صľ졣

̹߱Ÿݺײһ
˵Σֱ׷ɳȥ
һֻߵķһԶԶķɽѪ
Ȼͷ׷ĳīһ˿ѪվĿѪķ˲ϹϺкϵʿơ
ΪǸˣûܵش
Ǳ˳
У֮ɫųī˵治Ӧߣ鵱Уӱȷʵӡ
īֱһնˣòۣ

̹߱Ÿһޱ׺ݵĶײһ
˫Σȥ
Ǳ˵Ϻиϵʿ̾˿ԵĻĲԸ⿴īܹæ
ʵȴǣīæǺܿܺܿͻ
־ϵĲ࣬ʵ̫
ȡһεĽѵʱ䡣ҪٶȣսȻȡ龧ˡ
аޣǽԵľ˱īһ֡ҲûϵǾ׷꣬һˡ

ī֮䣬ֱӱս
һֲս
ֱӽƬѪĶҪ
ԽԽľ𺳵ˣ벻īֻ˽Եľûж꣬ȻѾӵ˿µս
Ҫǣīƺһ̹ս
˵ֱһ־޴Ĵе̹Ÿֻ̹սÿһ֣൱£
֮ǰһնɱô澳ʿľ̹ŸеĶȺս
һ飬Ѿˡ
ΪЩսһԵģǿӡ̹Ÿеļһùˣûˡ
ȴĿųīſֲսһڷʹáҲֻ֮󣬲ķʹá
սǿаţ
īȻûĲΣӽԵľ򵽵̹սӵ˸˶սĵ
Ǻܿµһ飬˵ġ
Ե̹սÿһӵżΪֱƵһз
ԣȻŽεķȻᱻ߱˵
̲סҲʺϴ̹ŴһеˣҪ㣡
̹ŸУȻ䱬һӵĹâǹâУ͸ŲɣϢ
漴һӰȻ̹Ÿ߳ӰУͬһѹӰɵľ޸ųīֱӾͿ˹
ʱ򣬴߱쵱Уͬ߳һϵӰ
ӰֿտգɢϢҪӹϣӲɣҲǿƣ
Ϊһ˲䣬ֱӶž޸Ӱǳһ



1772 ĳ
һ̫ˣ
Ƭ޽Ѫ򣬶һ˲һƬ
Ȼǵž޸ĹӰȻľͣˣ
ûлص̹ŸУֱת뿪ˣ
ȥǻߵһ
ɵˣ
ֱţһֱûʹã֮ǰûóѹ׶ľɱһȻôˮ
ôֱǼˣ
һ̣˵һεһҪĳ嶯
̫ˣ
еģ̹Ÿ
̹Ŵ
⸫ӿԿٵأ
Եٳһ
Уڵһ̹Ŵôûǰѵϵǿ
ѵ˵Ӧߡľô
ҲҸһƽĻ᣿
̲ס
ǵӰǳž޸ǵӰ֮󣬾ڵһʱ䣬ص߱쵱С·𡭡ǲм˳һ
īһ˵ԴĻ̲סЦҰѾѹƵҴ𣿹ƽޣ
澳磬ҲҶ֣ŭ𣬾ٸӭ

һ죬
īЦͬһ磬ҳֿȭһȭܴ㣡



˫ֿ֮ʼ˷ĶԺ䡣
īǣѪ壬Ȼͬղһ㣬˴ôãȻû̫ܵˡ
Ծ˵ĹУ̫ĸεĵԼԷãҲѾﵽһ˷˼ĳ̶ȡ˵Ǵ棬Ǻܶⷽ棬Ҳδؾͱǿ
飡
ī˴һ˲䣬̧־һȭֱ˵ϡ
ͦεıһӾͱīˣ
һҽУȻеĸӣҲڳī仮һ˿ڡ
˫̶ֳȣȻƾе״̬
˲òóﵣ˫̹Ÿĸɽһ㣬Ӹ£ųī

̹ŸϣԸӵɱ
Ȼ̹Գָȫû취ᲢۣȴҲѾﵽһּ
һˣʩչȫ
īᵶۿˣûкˣֱӳˣ󲽵ӭȥ

īһѪɲǣһӳ׵ķ
Уһȼһ㣡
ֳ棬̫޼ӣе𺳲ѡ
ȻīǸӦɣӦ߾жҲûм
ֻ֪īֻҪ龧ˣͿֱӳΪ
ȻΪīͿԳ׺ɱһеˡ٣ս
Ƕû뵽īһԵľ˶ûȫʱ򣬾Ѿӵֲֿʵ

һ죬ֱӽƬѪոˣ
ķ򣬶ʼޱ
ȫһʲôĵطˣ
طֱӻһƬԭʼ
˵УȻһɴֲΣһȥ
һûн˺īһ޵еƣȴǽˣ
ۣ
īһѪеǹɻ棬ȴȼյĸˣ
ģһɲɣϢӳīɢ
Ϣ·֮ǰ·٣·Խһʱ䳤ӣ
̫ˣ
ֲ̫ˣ
ǡϢ˵һ˫ӶҪðˡܽܵķܣϢôܳϣйľѪҲܣ
شģǻԡѪİ׷꣬һ

ϣ
߱ķâƺøˣ
ƺʵ
ڳī仯֮߱Ҳľ޴仯
ڳīУڷӳǰδе
˵һֱֱۣӱ߱նˣ
ǼһΣˣڶڳīԸͷˡ
ֻһΣĶϱ۵ָϣȴû˽ָóīȥժ
˷һĲҽУȻη˶ȥܿģΣ㳹׵ʧѪСֻһʵ
һģĴУһҵģҵģҵģ
˵ޱ·ɢǹɲʵ
ǱߵϺиϵʿ𺳵˵
ǵУҲ˲ŵĹâ
Ȼĸˣ

ԷӲĸˣ
ң˶Էһֱۣ
ô
īΣʱһ£۵һһѪ
һ̣ͻȻһ൱˵ľٶ
ֱһ֣ӳսٻ˲뵽Լ嵱СȻŻϺкϵʿһȥ
īٶ֣ҲǳѸ١
˵ʵϣȴ쵽˽¡
£īΣţѪȥ
ǡڿ־ʲô
ʱսȻųīһڣ
ںһڵʱ򣬳սĺݺݲһ¡ͺһԣݺһѡ
һڣƫˡ
ųī壬Ѫ
ֱӽѪգһͨ
ȻûгīȴȻڳīֱϣһµ˿ڡ
īֱۣѪ
û˵ɫҲ൱ϾβϵѪš
սҲϵĲţ˲ҡһ
սеĳۣ𲻶覵ľϣҲ÷ǳŤڿʲô
󣬳ڻָƽսҲٲˡ
ƽŲԶĳīǣ¶һĨЦ
漴ǿֲķڣʼ˶Գīĺ
ķڣԶĳսǿ
ѾԽ˴Σ뵽˸ߵĽ
£ôҲƲķڡ
ԣսеˣǳۣ˵Ǹۡ
սٶȣҲ֮ȥ̫౶ˡһֱ׷ųīνīӰսĹΧ֮ڡ
ȻһһڵĲ׷ųī
īԭΪ˵ս̫࣬ͻȻޱ͵ս׷֮£ʱԵЩˡ
ȴûзҧһ·񱼡ϵ˺գϵԾ
սȴ󣬲ĸš
ڣ۵սдѹѪ
磬ɣ㲻ҵĶ֡۵ȥЩ䣬Ҳż棺Ҫηĵֿˣ龧˽ҲΪ㡣
㲻ҵǸã㲻ҪôңҪ֣īһǿӲĻӦ
ǺǣǡĻ˵ʲôײĲѽ۵żϷʣѪ𣺡Ȼʶ̧٣ҲͲҪ֮ˡ
īͻȻ䣬־һ
һʯ쾪
̫ͻȻˣ
ĳսҲȫûϵ£īȻ
ңⷴ˵
꣡
һƣսֱӱīն롣
Ȼ󣬳īһֱ֣ӴսץһƳɵСӣתߡ
Ҳһ˲䣬һսһںī
һΣȥī޿ɱܡ


1773 ׺ͷ
ӿķֱӽնһƬĻ磬Ѫе뵵ѪҲ˲䱻ɷ
ֲĲֱӺ䵽˳īǰ
ϣ
ֱ߱ӷһ֮Ȼɢһ⡣
âȫɱɣǿ޷ĵزսһǰȻ׵˺顣
īʱѾҪ˺ˡ
һںķҲѾˣ
īֱȫеĵͷɲǼ䣬ƬѪ񷣬⡣ԳīΪģâĿ޷ֱӡһȻա
ƬѪնҪ׷һ
ǹɷһ˲䣬īһѪĽղ֮Ҳ䣬Ҫ߽ơ
ʱ򣬳۱𣺡磬ɣ㣬ƳרŶԸķڣˣ
ʱһεϣȻڳīǰģڳī屻߽֮ǰī嵲˺档
īĿԼǰεϣƺһŵǽڣ
ǽϣһĶŤڲ˼ʱϵϣÿһϣĥںһһַ
̣˵ʵ̫ˣ
ҲΨгīܿ䶯һǽκζֻܿīﱻ貶ĿĹâֱӸûˡ֮⣬ʲô
̫ˣ
ôõĻᣬīõĻǾ޴ˡ˲ֱԶݳ޾ңԶľ롣
ʱεķ·ŵǽڣҲʧˡ
¡¡
ķȻըƬըޡ
Ǳߣīģе߱죬һѪ⣬ٴնֻʣһĳս
ȴڳīӵһ˲䣬ʣһĳսУɳһҼǧɴСսȻܾ޴󡣵Լﳤĳս˵ȴԵúС
սһ˲䣬ֱӾͿ˿ռԾ˲ʧС
ٶҲǿ쵽˼ĵزȻǱߣҲѾһе׼˺ֵġ
īĿĿսȥķü䣬һĨ֮ɫ
ʱ򣬸ոӳСսǰسս棬ۺ磬ȷǿ󣬵ǵвǵģǺܿͻģ
ǰսϢѪըˡ
ǰս˲޾ңԶãûը
īʱһȻķͣһҺССġС
ҲֻСˣˮ棬ҲֻСһĶ
ֻһɴСΡ
ͣܰһֱһ
īĿ⣬ͣСĴ֮ϣϤĶ
ǻŵġһҴ
ովԼһΡīȻֱӳСǱ߱ȭ˵³īл֮
С
ʫһŵĿŰ׺ͷүүңӦô˵ǲӦó˵᲻ûòģ
Ǻǣɣģһжܺõġ׺ͷһͰЦݡ
һ̣ſʫǷӰ
ȻûκһΪȴߣڷ˵ޱգ˵ȴʲô
һ˫ڳīϣЩĴ׷Ӣ꣬Ȼɫ΢΢һ죬ϥī͵ĵӲÿҽʫ֮ء
֮أī΢΢һжЩȡ벻ԼһģȻ֮صˡ
óīһʱ䣬Щ֪˵ʲôźá
īϾҲǼ˵ģֻ΢΢һĹȻ¶΢ЦǺõط
áʫһ˵һҲã
īЩĿѾͷ
ʱССսȻһŤ˲仯һ׺ͷվʫߡ
ѽүүԭԱô󰡣ʫʱһȵĿСͷ
׺ͷ¶һĨЦݣȻ˵ĴɸѹƬ棬С΢
󣬰׺ͷųīӦߣ𣿡
ī΢΢鴤һ£ŤͷһգȻЦЦֱӿ˲֮š
ܸо׺ͷݺܲӦ÷ǳ⡣ŮӵݵλҲ൱֡ϴһɵľȻȥЩߣҲǫѷȴһ൱߹ĸо
˵ǸովԼҲкܶ⣬Ҫʸ
֮ŸһǱϺиϵʿֱӳ˳ŵˡû뵽۾ȻԳī𹥻û뵽īķӦȻ֮죬䣬Ͱȫӽȥ
ͬʱģиˡ
ħϡƮŮۡꡢˮͮ
Щˣȫ֪ʲô֮󣬿ⳡЩ
Ƿһ춯صĴսƬѪռ䣬ȫһƬƬԨĻ硣
Ȼ󣬳īǰվһûκϢŮӡŮӵԣվһɲİ׺ͷ
ͷȥܴ飬ϻźЦݡ
ùô£ֱͮӳץסīֱۣһŵʵ
ͮ۵ĸΪϺкϵʿ˵۾ȻԳī˹ͮĵһӦǲšΪⲻûκεҲŹùûᱳѸס
һѾ߰ɣȥ˵ɡīһˣһĵ
ȻʫͰ׺ͷ硣
һ̣һֱӳ˳Ľ֮ϡ
ǽһŵ
һ·ϣʫɢŸ߹ʣžɫϣȴͬһ汦ȫһûģ
ī֪ʵݣ˿ҲЩЦͦ˼ġҲָо׺ͷʫĹӦþǳԼġ
󣬽뵽ŵ֮˷ֱȻŮϲˮ
ʫʮŵĶ豭Ȼһڣ޵ò裡
Ҳ裿ī΢Ц˵ҲǺܶ
ãƽûʲô飬ϲоЩæˣ϶ûʱרЩġʫ΢΢һЦ˵
īͷЦ淢飬ڳЩ˵һ顣
ոϺиϵʿ˵Ĳûôϸ֮󣬶¶𾪺Ͳɫ
ǸصˣܵҲ磬£Ƕ뵽ΪһαīĿ龧ˣһġֻǶû뵽۾ȻͻȻѱ˳ī
ңսȻӵ˿µ뵽Щ۾һ𣬵ȴ֪Щ飬ȫЩѹǳͮȦ΢죬ó۹ùòӦ顣
ī˵£۵Ĺϵر٣Ա϶ǲԸġ
ûǱһֱİ׺ͷȻڣһ仰
ȫһȵĿŰ׺ͷ


1774 
׺ͷ˵ͷȻīûпĻǿеǸˡ棬˿ӦԸά
άڳЩˣȫһãȻ
īڣЩ׺ͷеĸάһʲôĵط
ܺ嫣̫ǲĴڡ˵ˣԶ磬һĵط
һԺȻʵǻ磬һʵ簡
άУʵ磬ҲǼٵء׺ͷЦǺǵ˵
⡭ôܣǶǻʵҲ൱ϻۡѾ̫磬飬ޱ̵֪
ڴ˿̣ЩãȻˡ
׺ͷ˵ʵάҲࡣǶǿ󣬲࣬еһԱάԵά磬һ˵̫עǶرȥעһһ
˵ͷȻЩĿŰ׺ͷڲ²
׺ͷ΢΢һЦʵԸά磬Ƕ˵ٻλ档ȻﱻѡţĴ졣
Ĵ죿
졢컯ң졢ȴͺɴϽ졣׺ͷ˵Ĵ棬ͳ硭
Լʱ֮ڳЩˣڳ磬һĵط
ܶ飬̫޼ӣ֮ǰҲرġ
׺ͷܣʫһЩ䣬ͬīڵˣ֪˸顣
˶԰׺ͷʫݸӺ
ڣڽĴľ֮󣬰׺ͷ˵ά磬Եά缸ûʲôӰġԣʱҶȥЩ顣ǲȥٵһһάе飬Ҳû¸ȥӰά硣Ըά̫ġǵݺһ˵ǳӿеǸԣû´ӦáҲһЩĴеĸά顣նԷĹֶӦãǷ
Ѿ׺ͷԳԼΪˡ벻ðһ
ԣҲǸάеһ֣ǱĴˣԿ̳ģȻֱԸάǽǻѵԴȪǷһ׺ͷ˵
˶Ű׺ͷͷ˵ǴӸάУԼģǽ뵽磬һЩģһЩǲСġ뵽֮Ҫ뿪ͱҪ۴ֶˡ
ԭ۹ùˡͮһʧ䣬ǳѹ
׺ͷҡҡͷҲܹ죬ǿһЩϣغܶ꣬һҪʱ򣬲ŻͻȻռݼһС
īͷóǸƳɵСӣ˵϶ǹҪҵġʵϣһ˲䣬ҾѾˡΪī̧֣˿ԼеĽӣںܾõǰѾ㵽ܻнһ¹ʡǸʱңıԴӡʵֻһѡҲȷȾľķԴҲһˡ
׺ͷ˵ɷҼһ£
īͷеĽӣݸ˰׺ͷ˵ıԴӡ
׺ͷЦЦ˵ӡĵȷܺãַܸҪ̽Ƿ⣬ȴҪ˵ţ׺ͷӹӣȻ΢΢˫ۡ
īŰ׺ͷϣֻܸܵһַǳİĲȻ󣬿Ű׺ͷ˫֣ʮɲĺԼߵƵڲϵûš
׺ͷɫ΢΢üͷȻڷʲô
ŵ棬һƬ
˶ڵȴĽ
̣һʱʱ䣬ڼ䣬˶û˵ȫڵȴš
գ׺ͷһȻ¶һĨıˣųīֹ
˶ܽţŰ׺ͷ
ī˵ʲôֱ˵ɡ
׺ͷ˵ıԴʵһַ
ȫסˡ
׺ͷ˵ʵеԭӦǷһ֧ʱҲȫȷ¡ڣѾȷˡ
˵۹ùãǻˣͮȻ޷ʵ
׺ͷҡҡͷ̸ǺûǻɣӦǷڹеһԱ䱻ӡˣȻĳ£ֱӡļ⿪˵е龧ˡ⿪֮ѾǸϤˡǵĹϵӦõȷǳáԣڷ𹥻ʱ򣬾ǰ;Ѻļ䣬޴ìܡȻĻ³ӣӦûܵصˡ
īˣ̲סĬУҲ¶һĨź֮ɫ˵׺ͷʫأȴܼ׺ͷ˵ʵļʣռ˾ųɾϣ
ΪڶԼ𹥻ʱīĸܵˡֻǵѵļ䣬ԽԽռϷ硣Եһ棬ѹסˡ
ȻˣɱһЩԵһϰߣ˵гī硣ٱ˵뿪ʱµǾ仰вʵѡ
ǣıԴҲѾ˵ͮĵʵ
Ǿǰġ׺ͷ˵
̫ˣͮϣʱ¶֮ɫ
ҲܡЩЩ˸Գ֮ĹϵǳܣѽɼһǵȻϣǵļ˱Ѻȥ
һû˵ꡣ׺ͷˮȻûоѵģֻҪ⿪ӡ̵ʱ֪һ飬Ȼ󡭡ٴξѣ
ͮˣʱЩɵۣͮŰ׺ͷʵûа취𣿡
٣Ŀǰûеġǡܽ龧ˣȫԼСȻɹĿٳµĵ磬ΪЩ޿κˡ׺ͷ˵
ˣһ̣ȫ˳ī
īͷ漴Ű׺ͷʫӦÿ˵˰ɣ
׺ͷ˵ҵѾˣԸάȵ磬Կ̳ȻֶδӸάٻһѡʫڹ棬ǿ칬Ů
칬Ů
׺ͷ仰ֱһǾףֱӽڳ˾ˡ
īҲһ𾪣ܸоʫݵλһ㣬ָ߹ʣװġҲû뵽ʫûһ߲ƯСȻǡһĹ
ʵȴԶеģʡ


1775 Ĵ
Ϊ׺ͷ˵칬ŮĴеġ컯ң죬Ǵ컯ңģŮ
ŵ棬ˣȫĿɿڴɵ˵
ǳīҲ̲ס鴤һǣоš
컯ңŮܸһ
׺ͷȻʵϣ磬磬ǳ˽⡣ʵҲͬҲиָĸ˼໹ҪӺܶ౶
Ѿӵˡ˵ڣҪǰӦ߽ǣôǾͱҪ˵ʵ
˵ѣ׷ǿʿ϶ᷭġ
ʵ⺢ӵܿ࣬Ըӵĵز׺ͷ˵ţʫȫϢķʽݵ˳īľʶС
ûдݸÿһˣûйȥ˵
Ϊڳ֪ʫ칬Ůʹ컯ңŮѾˣ
Ще˲ʷǲҪ˵ĺá
īһӾ֪ԭίܶ飬ü١׺ͷڴЩϢһЩʵʵģ顣
ʱ򣬳īٴοǱ߰ţŲ豭ʫһϧ׺ͷǴ˷Ŀأ
£Ҫ
ΪѾ֮Ҫȥˣ֮⣬ǸصˣҲʱ޿̵Ĳɵöȡ̹ŵĴС
׺ͷ˵Ҫ㣬ЩˣȻ󣬰㽨졣ΪһЩĴݵǣ԰
īŰ׺ͷһҶ٣㲻ƭҵı顣
ϣȻиеƷʺʹ궼ġһΪ²飬Ҳټ
˵Ϻиϵʿ
ǰµʱ䣬ǵƾ٣뵽ÿһͨС
ǰ׺ͷͷþ˵ʫͬԼ˽ǡ
׺ͷ˵ʫӣ칬Σյġң֪Լ֮ȻΪзḻ飬϶ǲԸɱԼĸ׵һġ
£īЩʵ
ûиĸǵǱԿ̳ǵǱٻάȣȻѵġ׺ͷƽ˵Ȼųīҵ˽⣬磬ʺʫӵĵطˡҲֻ㣬ı
īˣ̲ס¶һĨЦŰ׺ͷ˵̧̫ˡոջǣһΡҪɱҵĴڣ࣬Ҷޱȵǿ󡣸ߣ϶ǻΣաǵõȫ
׺ͷЦЦ£صˡص㣬ǹˣǡ

߰˰ٸ֮
ƬѪУöԵľˣѾúСˡ
īϥУһ
ԾеָϢƬա
Ȼ󣬾Ƭ֮⣬һӰվ˴һɫս££һ޷ֱӵĹâ֮С
â˵ϣ䵽¡һ˫УҲ¶ǿҵķŭ֮ɫ
칬
ΪʲôЩġΪʲôҪңҸǴϡǾȻұң
˿̣У˸֮ɫҧֹš
ûеõĵĻӦʵϣҲûеõĵֱӻӦܿöģҲ̣ٻġȴûиֱӹͨ
ӵģǽУΪڡ֮⣬Ǽˣ
ңЩ˸ĵĹͨҲһЩ򵥵Ĺͨ
ûʫֱ̿ӽֱӶԻԻһ󣬳ǰ
Щīߵ˲ûʶĴ˵ζʲô
±Ĵ˺Щֱ֪һֲķ籩
ΪĴ쵱УģҲһ൱صĴڡ
ԣ칬ҲûָЩĻشֻҪһʫҪ֪׷ʲôֱ뿪칬ܵƬѪС
Ҳȥ
ĸ
浽ʲôȫӦ
ģһֲ²⣺ǸӦߣͨĳīܿܣҲƬУ
൱ĽͲ
Ĳ²ģǾ˵ʫѾ֪һеࡣȻЩıĵİ£ӵ
֮ǰص칬ʫˣ͸о˲ãǸŮĿУڵ֪һֲࡣʫܿܣСӵиĹͨ
ΪںСʱ򣬾;Щĵǽڡ潲»Ÿ衣
飬֮ǰûע⵽ǸŮ˵ֱ֮ӾͰǸŮɱˣ
ôҪ飬Ȼû㱨ˣʲôã
Ȼ˺ܶʱ䣬ҵطǰеĲ衣ԣһӾ֪ˣʫһͲ档
ңҲ֪˭ĹƻҳߡϣܳҼһ档ܵʲôʱ򣬸׶ǰġϣףϣΨһܹˣҡҼһ˵˵𣿡
칬ºͣȥҲǳϡ
棬һֱûκεĻӦ
칬ЩĽȫķչȷּڵʶܵסġ
ٵţҪҳһ϶ȥ浽ʲô
еʧͷŭǣԲǧﷶΧ֮ڵգȫûκһǡеĵطȫĸӡˣ
Ļɣī棡
ǣֱӳˣ
ɲǸˣĽ顣
ˣ
Ĺֱǿ˲ĳ̶ȡ
һһƬ½Ҳֱ̼ӱޣƬգܱɻ硣
εķȴƬֱӱֻܿһεĲƣѸٵըȻԺܿٶȣָ
ĵĿֲ
칬ôһ֮󣬱㲻ٳ֣Ϊٴγ֣Ҳܹط
ĸЩķűϵĲͬģǳСС΢΢ֵزҲ˵𹥻һ꣬Ҳûκġ
Լĵе֮⣬Ľ
칬վǹâµӢϣһƬࡣվǿ˺ܳһʱ䣬Ȼתֱˡ
ת
ǧ£ŵ
ػǧУīѽĿ龧ˣȫϡ
ľ磬ûֱӴӴ澳ͻƣ̹ŴеȴѾﵽһǰδеĸ߶ȡ
̹ŴУų൱УΪĴСҲ֮ΪĴУ


1776 ̹ž
йΪֱ֣ǣ̹ſ졢̹ʱ䡢̹̹ŵ
̹ſ죬ǹԦǼ̹ŸĻһ;УУȴԿٵأҲֻ̹ſ칦ļԦǱ̹Ÿ
Ǹصˣ֪ͨʲô;ʵҲѾѧ̹ſ칦ȻĻܼԦ̹Ÿܸ̹Ÿ֮ﵽͨĬ
̹ʱ䣬һϵĵƿʱ䷨Ĺ
ԣ֮ȣҪ˺ܶࡣһϵġ
̹ʱַԷκνʱ䣬һ˲˵һ˲꣡ľԽǸôʱ䷨ƿؾԽǿ
̹ʱϵİ壬ֹڵʱһʩչһ˲䡭ֱӻǧ꣬꣡
ʲô
־̹ʱ书һʩչöԷ˲꣡
ôǽʹֹһ澳Ķ֣Ҳ޷˲˥ϴĶ
⣬ڣ浽۷ĲΣôȻǽǿĴֹҲҪԶԶܿġ
̹ʱģҲ൱޴ģʩչӰ³ӵĹûдۡ
̹ڳīֱ޵ˡ
֮ǰһֱһֶΪһֱٶȻ൱죬ȴܴﵽµĳ̶ȡҲ˵ܻˣܹ׷ٶȡ
ͬУٶϿ΢΢߳һЩڣٶϣȫѷɫˡ
ֱõ̹֮󣬳īףµԭӵġ
̲صķԭеġԭ鷨򣬿յЧ
˵̹һƼ򵥣ʵޱµĹٶȵĹ
޳̹֮󣬳īѾ֪ԼʵѾ̤һС
̹ŵһС
ɨ
еīǿ龧ʯõ֮Լסˡ
ô˵أ·ǡ̫һ㣡
ںܶܶǰʱʵѾ֪ˡ֪֪ɵõ̹ŵ֮󣬲ףʲôŽĴ
ֱ򵥵޷ţһ񼶵Ĺ
ңеȥ޻ص֡
һĵԵֵԷ̹ŵУͳͳû˵
Ψһǰ
ƬֹУֻгīһˡ
ϺСϵʿʫгīһڼˣС
ЩϺиϵʿһֱоƽʫϵķӡһܹˡ
ԴˣʫԼûôء˵㲻ҲӵнԪҲӵǿķ飬ûжٵȤ
벻һ£ܲȴһˡ
ԣԼҲҪӡƽ
ΪϺкϵʿƶϣַӡܷӡĲʫ·б档˵ʫӰ졣
ЩҲƶϳɹ˾ųɡ
Ͼķӡûô׽⿪
һ죬īصȻ׼Уǿ龧ȡߡ
龧˵ĲЩ̫кܶҲѾ̫ϵľ硣
Щ̫Ͼ飬֮ǰһϵ̫ʿȫͬǶԴǳСģһе
ī֮ϣǳģЩУҲĺܡ
漸е飬ǲ֪ʲôġԣǵûܵʲôӰ졣Ȼͬȥһ
˵ܶʱ֪Ҳδһ¡
Ҳģ֪ģģӡ
Ще˵Ҳһ¡
صīٻЩԥҪҪȡһ龧ˡ
ϵʿڳīԣųī΢Цİɣʲôġ
ϺҲŷţīǰۿžҪɹˣҪԥˡػǵĻᡣһֿԹģǣ͵Σյʱ򡣡
ϺеĻ޵ϵʿųī˵Ѿ˵ҲжԸġ˵ֱ֮߱ӹͨⲻǲܴģ﷢𹥻һߣΣˣ
īͷӳĴֱȡǿ龧ˡ
ھ˱ȡߵ˲䣬磬ԸоԭŨǿҵһӰ˺ܶࡣ
Ϊ;͵飬Ȼǲ̫ĸое澳ϵ飬رԵĸо
Щ꣬ܳôྪž޵ĺ֮㣬⾧Ѳĸϵαȡ֮ԺҪôྪž޵ţûôˡ
⣬Ҳûа취顣
īгһգұȻ취磬ٴαøǿ󣡡
Գ棬У˴
ޱЩܵЩֵ̿飬һӾȫˡ
󣬳īûԥʲôһ龧ˣصƬ¼ŵС
ʼ龧
ʱţ龧˵ҲԽԽСīڴ龧棬õһ̹ŵĴС̹ž
īõ̹ž֮֮ǰõִУһӾǳ׻һ
ָоԭԿǽϡذϡϵЩģȫӵǿķ蹵ֵͨʱЩľͿֱγǿķվǸһĸо
һһС
̹ž֮ЩԭһģһӾͻˣ
ĿԻ׺ͷ̹ſ졢̹ʱ䡢̹̹ŵͬҲԾ̹žļʽ
Щл֮󣬳īо𺳡
ˣΪʲô̹ŵֻΪʲôô򵥣
Ϊ̹ž֮еͿԺɨһеˣ
ʹķ޴ǳ̹ž޳ɵһ̣Էˡ
ָоʹĹߣڳ˸áĹ֮ԭЩߣôҲҪˡѾȫʹ
µĹߣԸõ
˶ѡ
̹ž̫ǿˣīֻǸո򣬲ŴﵽΣܷӳȫԽķ
īҲпԭϣԵͷ⣬ֹġ
̹žѾˡ죬ǷԼҲ˵׼
󣬳īʼȻñԴָ͸֪ʼ龧
ռУʵʱ䣬Ѿûж塣
µţܶٴιȥ
īѽ龧ˣȫ׵ϡˣѾõ̹Ŵ龧УȫִС
ܹĸӦ̹Ÿλã֪̹žڵʱ򣬾Ϳһͷֱӽ̹Ÿٻ


1777 âţ
̹ŸǸͨѾ꣬ҹзӳֲĴվ̹ŴıСһӦ̹žٴγ䣬ôīٻҲԼɻġ
⣬˵ǸˣǿĴڣͬҲûа취ֹ
ȫӵž޴ԣҶ̹Ÿ˵̹žСӵĸһôҪȥĸ׵ġ
ѽ龧̹ŴУȫõˣ龧ҲѾϡ磬ƺûгʲôܸܵΪǿ֮⣬Ҳͬûиĸо
ī֪ҪβܳΪΪ
ΪϺиϵʿ˵õ̹Ŵ֮󣬲ſԴ̹ŵ磬ֱԳһ졣Ϊһ磡
ڣīȴûκθоҲ֪Ϊ֮󣬻䣬ȻӦʲôоûеġ
ī룬૵ˣõ̹ŵĴ֮󣬿϶Ҫһ̣ﵽһ磬һſԳһ졣ȻĻĹ֮ǿԼǿ֪ٱӦԳһˡ
īţȷ¡ȻڣȻǲ֪ʲôأֻҪˣһӦġ
һīһ˫У¶Ĺâ
Ȼڵõ̹Ŵ֮ǰҲϣܹػ硣øӼᶨ
ص硣
ʱһֱоν⿪ʫϷӡϺкϵʿЩһĪչǱһסˡλڵļʶȻȫûа취ƽķ
ø֪īֱӷ
īֱ˱չ֮ء
һعɽɽƣɽ
ϺиϵʿƽϾסʫסڳǱߡ
ī֮ϵʿüһ۾ЩϲĵСӣڳɹĵõеĹ񴫳ˣ
ϺȻƽһֻ֣ҲЩ΢΢
īͷȻ˵ȷʵõеĹ񴫳УȴûܹΪ
Ϻкϵʿ۾ޱ漴ȫ΢΢üͷ¶˼ɫ
Ϻ˵ѵ˵õĴУôɰڼ֮еĵõϢӦͿˡ
ϵʿü˵Ҳ飬йأɹľѾ㹻ˡΪʲôԼûгɹأ
ѽϺҲͷȻĳҪ䴥ʱǲܹɹ
ϵʿҲͷҲôģӦϵĳһĳ£м飬ȴھҪȥġ
īͷ˵֮Ǹֳ̹Ÿꡭ
Ϻиϵʿͷϵʿ˵һ£ǾǣǿҪƽʫϵַӡˡҾãҲӦÿһ˽칬ĵУźܴĺô
īӦд⡣
֮ǰΪҪ龧ˣûʱ;ȥע顣ʱˣô£ҲҪȥˡ
ϾЩûЩĵİīҲĵ顣
֮Щˣ鼰磬ǶѪЩҲô궼ҲԣΨһĿܣǴʫģֱӵе鷳
īֱӽϺиϵʿƳƽķʽõСȻ󣬿ʼۿ
𾳽ǰڵͷ·ϣʵѾߵĺԶˡԽдεʿѾﵽ˷ǳӽĳ̶ȡ
վ˵вġ
īһʵͬڴ۷磬ûн뵽Ǹ
ڵõ̹Ŵ̹֮ž֮󣬶Ե뷨֪Ѿ뵽һȫͬ
˵䣬ûм˵ڵ뷨ǿīġ
ԣīֻһۣڸܵϵʿϺеͬʱҲƽֶе©
Ȼ󣬳īʶ˳ϵʿϺУģָйؼ
ϵʿϺ֮󣬶ʱéٿĸоǵϣȫ¶ϲ֮ɫ漴ѳīﲻܣ硣Ȼųķɹȥ
īЦЦ˹ȥ
еĺܶ˶ˡ
ôȥѾһȥˡ
˵ī˽ЩѾɲ󷢡̫ࡢ̨ξЩˣµĲţȫѾޱȲϡ
ǵľ˵ǳ͡ȫͣɾ硣
ܹ죬ҪҲΪߵĴҩ̫
ôǿĴҩҲʧЧһ졣ȵǸʱôЩˣǾҪԶ˵ټˡ
оЩ˸е˸УҲȻɣϲ˿Կܡǳ񣬵ǿīҲûмŵ
̹Ӧһ񣬿³ҲꡣȻûȴ˷ֱѹ
īţȻԺͬһ
ֱѹ
ˣ

̹Ŵľڣѹһط
ܹҵǸطǾͿҵԭˣ
īţȻϣ¶һĨ΢Ц
ʱ򣬸ߴɵôǱ߹īһ㶣ȻЦ
겻ߴɵһʵȻѾͻƵ𾳽硣
óīǳġ
ɵ
һһϲͷү
ī߹ĸߴɵֱۣΪߵĻߴɵȳīߵöࡣ
ϰ𣿡īʵ
ţүǳءߴɵһĵĿųīһ統ô
īգգۣôˣûԼҸϱô
ߴɵе죬ҲмĿųīүⶼˣҵмǧأ
īʱͷߣһı飬Ȼи̾·Ȼǹ¶ԽϣԽָߴʤĸо
ʱʫסǱߣīȻоһȻϢ
Ϣʵ̫ǿˣ
īЩԾߴɵкһһ̣ʫס
ȻͿϺиϵʿȫĿɿڴĿԺмǸɫȹŮӡ
ŮȻʫϵǹʣȴǸ֮ǰ췭ظľ޴
Ȼòûκα仯֮ǰȣֱȫͬˣ
ϵʿīһ𺳵˵⡭Ǿʰֱ̫˸еˣҴûмʺõ̶ֳȵ顣⵱̫ˣ
īҲˣ׽ӡʫֱһųųȫâļƷһ
֮ǰǱɳҳȥȫĹԣѾȫûа취ˡ
˲ͳ׵ͷų
һ覵Ʒ̫ˣ
ڶߵУʣͽܣֱжʿ飡


1778 ѧ
ԼҲЩоš֮ǰĲ̫Լܲ£þܹԼҲжߵľ硣
ɵӡ⿪һ˲ģʫѾ׵ĸоҪҪøǿĳ嶯һٻǣı⣡
ԣֱӿīɴϵʿϺжЩȡ
ӣɣ
ã
īĻشҲ൱ɴࡣ
˵ͽһЩ϶ǵ˽ʱµȺӡģСǼӦöѾڴʥ۷塣̤澳Ĵˡ
īҲѾкܶûйעˡ
״ӣʵЩֻзһ
񿴼ӡ⿪ʫīһζͽ˼Ůʣʵ̫ˣ
īֱӾܼʫ̤澳Ҫʱ䡣òǧ꣡
츳ֱǿսġ
ƿֲ
ʫӯӯ°ݣֱӳƳīΪʦ
֪ⳡ칬ˣֻ뷨
һȺˣ׷׳أī档
֪īٴͽĵġȺͽͽǣһģе졣
˵Խܣʦү˼˭ҷԣؼǻ϶ʶʫʫЩڳͬӡԼˣ֪Ůʲôݺ
һ뵽ı֣Ⱥͽͽ;Щͷۡ
ǺܿҲ뿪ˡΪߣָߵ˶಻ʤҲʫһˡ
Щ֪ʫݵ֮һ㲻֪ʦľҲκǵġ
ʫ֣ȻĵĸʫǰصȺˡ
⵱Уһʫʶģģǵһμ
īϢһĴ硣дˣʼ߸
ܶڰ·ϣ֪īһӣЩ˶ʱ۷ȥҪΪϺ
īҲû뵽ԼոͽܶѣȻôĶϵʿϵʿһȫˡ
磬ƿصСӰ죬ԼӰûʲôֱ𡣶е˵񣡡
ϺҲһ˵ӷµ򣬽սƹ
󣬳Ľ֮ϣٴ
ܶ˶ңԶϹʲôĽͨ߶СиָսյޣҲɢŹϢĹսһЩΪˣɴ
ԣԭһ򵥵İʦʽʮꡣ
ʫҲӵ츳ˣʮ굱УڳīϤĽ̵֮¡һ磬ѾﵽΣ
ȸϵʿȫ𺳵޷ŵĵز
ʮꡭ
ֱǸ޷ŵٶȡ
ʦʽϣʫԳīߵݣڳʦ
Ϻʵ̫ˣǴռֲֿ⣬ֱӸ˺ü
һ£īó˴ԴǰصЩʿ֮أúܶǰصʿĿĸо
ԭԼĺ񣬶ѾܺˡǾ׼Ķīǵȣû취Ტ̫ۡĲΡ
֮󣬳īָԼѣʹһ
󣬵˶ɢȥīλһ
ˮųīȻ˵ɻǵЩϵͷ­
īͷȻǵáô
ˮһԵ꣬Ȼ˵ѾôȥˣЩˣҲȫֻʣ澳ԪˡҲڲʲô˻ˣҸ㣬һ⣬֪вУ
ţ˵īϣ¶º͵Цݡ
Ƿ֮䣬ôȻ࣬ɸȴʼһδйκβ
Ҹ㣬ڳһѧáרзǳϵͳ֮ЩǣѡԼδֻԼˡˮ˵
ͷǷ֣ԽǽԼĶŲţóԽǺѷչ߲ΡԽǽĴмһ𣬵õЧҲԽá
īһĿͷʵֻн֪ʶóͳ˲šȻĻֻǸִе·ԽԽխԽԽҲΪʲôܶʱϹŴжǿԭ򡣡
˵ţī¶֮ɫ뷨ЩϼһԴϣҲ̫ˣ󲿷ӦöˣҲӦˡѧõʦȷһ⡣
ô˵ͬˣˮϣ¶֮ɫ
īͷǺ£Ϊʲôͬ⣿ѧõʦҲܽЩˡ
ţǶѾˣкܶܶʦΪÿһʦóĶǲһģ˵ǻ㽫Щ֪ʶֱӱ飬Ȼһ޴Ĳؾ󡣵ʱ򣬸ѧˮ׼ʵһһ㿪ŸĶ
ţ뷨ܺãīͷʾ
ˮԳīַ֧ǳġΪڴ֮ǰ뷨ոʱ򣬳ڲҲ˺ܶ෴Ե
Եɲλô˵ľͳελ
ʵϣôȥˮīʶ̫ߵķ羰νľͳελûκȤ
˵ˣгīһ磬˭˵Լǰ
ֻ뷨ڵõīϿ֮ǰŮлеġҲ³ī˵Ҹ㡣
ãīؽԶһܱȵġ
һҹ޻ڶһ磬īֱ뿪޹Ƭ죬ȻǾԽĵط
ôȥ壬Ѿָյ١ΨƬЩĴϣǵ屻ʱĽ
ô꣬δйκθı䡣
īطһƬž
Ѿ̫꣬ûˡ
Ⱥյ̫Ͼ棬Ԫֻʣǿά澳ֲε֮ȫ˳˯СΪֻܼǵһЩʹࡣ
֮ǰǶΪīһʹ졣ף̫ˡ그µУǵͷ­Ұꡭ֣
īĵȺ˯չ档
ǳīˣ۾һ
ϲĵôꡭڣϸһʹ𣿡
ҲȫīУȫĹâ
ϣһʹ졣
īȺˣû˷ʲôֱ࣬˵ͷҪһѧãԸĻȥʦǵһУȫóȻȫʵӡ£ΪҲǡ


1779 ķ
ī˵ĺֱӣҲûһ棬ⷬȴȺյ̫Ϲȫϲ⣡
ԭѾ˱֮ĵġõĽʹʹȥܣܻȥû˭һ
ԣīҪ֮Ⱥյ̫Ϲ棬ֱӾȿֺĴӦ³īᷴƵġ
仹ųīʵģҪ£
ô㲻Ը⣿īŶ䣬ʵ
˭˵ģҵȻԸ⣡һ߿Ŀųīɲ˵㻰
ǰǰݵλҪһԾŶУһյ̫ϹＷҳī
˵㻰ҪЦģ
ˣ϶˵㻰
һȺյ̫Ϲ棬˿ȫࡣȻһ̿СĿųī³īı⡣
īȻʧЦҡҡͷȻ˵˵㻰ı⡣
Ⱥ˴˿̿īĿ⣬Ȼȫ˸м
Ⱥ̫Ϲɱ˳е飬ҲѾõ˱Ӧǵͷ­֮ϣķϣ紵˪޾¡
Ⱥ˵ǱҪܡڳīдƣںܶĽ죬һνĻᡣҪóеĴУڸЩѧ
Ⱥ̫ϹûʾϸڣæĶӦ
ȵīǽй֮Ⱥ̫Ϲ棬һȫ̲סȻ𾴡
жԳīĸоìܣ⣬ȻеġϾīǶĹʵҲڡʧȥյҫݡλһ֮Ⱥھֿ֮ȫʼķ˼
ǽܵһУʵҲǱӦѪȵƾʲôָõ˵½أ
ǱΪīҪǽ̵һӵܣҲЩȥ磬Ѿǵͨˡԣ˽һЩ֮ȫˡ
̲ס̾Ϣ硭벻磬ȻѾôı仯̾Ⱥˣ֪ϦϦ
һȺյ̫Ϲ棬Ҳȫ¶֮ɫգ̾Ϣ
綼ˣȺˣҲڳһ˻еľˡյ֣ҲֻʣĻ䡣
뵽磬ǵ¼ˣ¶ѾʼˡǵǵӦûв٣ǵˣӦüûˡ
ԺһʵҲ̩˵
Ǳߵ棬ѾǷϵòӣųīЩʵͨϵˣǡҵأЩҵеĴأ
īһ̫Ļҵ飬Ѿ뵽ԭͨ硣ЩĴڣҲѰ·뿪˻ҵˡ
Ҳ˵ʵҵءҲѾˣУȻ¶һĨ֮ɫѪĻҵ˵Ҳ൱¶
īҡҡͷҵػǴڵġͨ磬ҲѾ֤ˣЩԲʵ
ͷȻ˵ңҲﵱһʦô
ԡīͷ
ϣ¶޾ĸм֮ɫڱīϷֱ֮ӻûһ壬ڵأĸīһͷأԸⰲؼ
īͷֻҪԸĻڹڽһῼǽ⿪ǵȫӡɡ
һʵӣһ£ڵľ𣿡
īһ۶䣬˵۷塣
ֳЩյ̫Ϲ棬ȫһ漴һ
桭۷壿
磬ͨ磬ԭһ˵ľ硣Ȼ̫Ϲ棬ȷ̫磬϶ʿյ㡣䣬һǴڳԽ̫ϵġ桱ġ
ǻ£ֻءȴûмһġŵĴ档
ī֣ոմǶʱ򣬻һ澳Ϊ˰ɣһЩ֪īʱ򣬳īӦûһʥʿһЩˣ˵˳īʱ򣬳īѾ澳ʿˡ
澳̫ϣһ൱Ḷ́Ǿ콾ҲҪʱĻۡҲҪµĳ
Եͷܹһ֪˵īʵ̫һ㡣
ǣԩ俴һЩյ̫Ϲ棬ȻЦţ˵
󣬳īȺˣȫַӡסе֮Դһ֣ٴȺյĹǡΪīֶΣҪӡ˵ֶΣ
˵īǴʿȻ𺳣ȴֱָۡоȫͬ
īӡȺ֮󣬽ǴǱߡˮ
֮󣬳īֽʫһЩеעŴгڹѪ
Ƭ񷣬ɱķš
īһ߾ʹݸ˳īһϢ
棬ңͬǿģҪ
ĴڣңǶǻϼһʵɲ⡣ֻһ̹ŴУӦԶԸһвīüͷţȻĵ
ܶסô
Ĵݸīһ̫õĻظºѣ׼
ôīϣ¶˼ɫ֮ǰеû̹ž̹֮ٶȣżġ
ԣ׼бңһǲﵽĿĲݡĸ߳ī
ˣô죿īʵ
ĵĻشʵҲܼ򵥣壬СѾͽܣҲͷˡǵС뿪칬ǲϣɱһӡϣܵ˺ȻѾԺܺãҲûʲôǣˡ
ܴܲһߣīʵ
ˣǱȻҪƵġԶġǻصԭĸάȥ˵ĳһ죬ǻǻģӣȥɣһܹΪµһ̣Ѿӵ˿Ըά繵ͨʸ񡣡
ָ˳īһܾ˵Ϣ
īĬĬͷЩźĴĿһУֱȥˡ
ȥûбǸӦ⣬ҲΪīһˡ
һѪС
ĿǰȻ˵ְɣ
Ծ칬һͷȻֱ֣Ӽһġ
ģֱγһɣ˸űĹâȻ󣬳еһֱӺݺնȥǱҲȻ䱬һŹâһ貵̻һ
Уȴ̲޾ɱ
һƬգֱӾˣ
ȻֳɫģŤߡȫޱǿ
У¶ϲɫΪѾնֳǿʱ뵽ˡ
칬ˣס˺ҵŮ
˵ġ
Ծģڲ磬Ȼ΢΢üе㲻ԣ


1780 ֲĵ
칬ķӦҲǼģֱλâһ磬˳ǳɫĵķ϶֮ǰƬռ䵱С
ǧգЩ˵һͷɨͿԵ֪飡
ûУ
ʲôûУ
ɫ
칬ɫࡣ
Ծޱ顣
ûôǱ
һīͬʱ֡ȴԷӰӶû
ΪƿķǸ˺ܶࡣΪԸⱻǼԦģûС
˺ܶʱ䣬һȻͨܶ潻ŻȡһԸⱻǼԦƵķ
û뵽ǣīѾˡ
ܵĺǣҲ׷ġ
ܵҷŹ
īǲŹģ
ͬģ̫ǿˣ
磬ֱ˹ĵطȫ˸ָ
ڸٳ۳ҵĳīȻҲӦ쳣΢΢һ漴ƲЦЦ
Ҫץ䵥ʱ򡣡ī
̹ľָѪ򣬳һȥ
ھ޾ңԶһطͬҲѪ֮ڣǸصˣϥԱǧطơеķȫɢǿͬһϥϵıС̹Ÿ
Ӻܾ֮ǰʼѾһԤУ·ԼѾӵ޾µ̹Ÿʱпȥ
൱־塢ŭ̿֡һЩΡ
ԼĶȴҪԶȥָоʵ̫ˡ
УѾԭԭǳɥǳϡȴֲòѹʵ
Ǿǣ̹ŵĴУѾīõˣ
˵Ȼīõ˴УҲа취īЩ飬ֻ۵С
īû̹Ŵеʱ򣬶óīû취ڳīõȫ̹Ŵ֮ʲôīа壿
ǣ̫ˣԼ֮󣬿϶ܹõ̹ŵĴУҲ׵ͨ龧ʯٳһ֮·뿪硣ûпǹҪʧ˸ô졣ڱˣҪ뿪磬ƾе̹Ÿ϶ǲеġ
ھ̹Ÿֿ챣ס˵ĸо
ԣҪϽ̹Ÿٷ
ûеõ̹žҲ֪̹ŵʲô˻ΪֻҪ̹Ÿϣ´ˡȴ֪ī֮һֱûж̹žջ̹ŸҪҵ
ī̫ˣ
̹ǿ֮ڿƾĽпռԾȴֻҪĺСһ
ģԳī־˵΢΢ģԺԲƵģ
ֲ̫ˣ
ϣܹûжĵ飬ǳ
ǳīڵõ̹Ŵ֮ٴڹ統Уһ൱ڵĸо
ָо˵ʲôرĺôԼһǳ磡ңκһطİĵطַǳĵĸо
̹žʾ̹Ÿľ룬Ѿǳ֮ˣ
ҵ̹ŸҲ͵ҵǸصˡ֮ǰˣҲӦһˡ
ֶԹ̸жޣҲԲǳǳīԲôһ㣬˵Ѿˡ
ԣһлᣬǲŹ˵ġȻԷлᣬҲŹġ
ԶԶģź޾ǿգīѾǱصͬһһķϡЩͷĿѣģһ˵öٵĲϣƬյһƬķ󰡣
ԶԶĿȥľһ޴һ
īǱ߹ȥͬʱмƬǿȡţԼҪܽƬն
󣬳ī߱ȡȻ̹ŵݺһֱ˹ȥ
һͻգɢױȵĿâӿֱûƬաƺƵֱӳƬײȥ
һĩһ㣡
Ƭ¼棬ֱӷһ졣־ҵĲֱӽƬһƬ磡
ֱӱīһ
Ȼ󣬾貵ĹâУһӰޱǱĴ
ǸصˣѪдޱȷŭĹâ
ȻûܸӦ˵ĵ
̹ŸҲûиκʾ
ڹȥǸܷ顣Ϊһ̹ŸΣʶ൱ǿң£һκΣ֣϶ǵһʱʾġ
һΣ󶼱һˣ̹ŸȻ޶ԣ
ң˷ŭҸе޾ֵģִڸոһ˲䣬Ȼòˣ
ۿǵµĵ⣬ֱ˹ֻޱǱߡ
ľ磬Ȼһ
˶̹ŵĴв˽⣬̹ŵϢǺġ
ոһ̲صķ򣬾Ծ̹ŵĴУ
һСҵģ˵ͬǧֻͬʱҧѾԹ˼¡
ͷһǰѰ޾µ̹ŸеĲѪҺڱ׵ȼһֱ̣ӱȫȻųīֱѹ
ȥ
īĻӵ
̹ŵеʽɨ
εĵ⣬ֱӸƬռ䣬˸ͱ޿ɱܡֻӲ⡣
һδѪܵش˹ȥ
īֱӳǰٶ̫ˣ
𵶣ˣݺһȥ
꣡
һֱӽ˵壬÷飡
īȴûһϲɫΪһնɱģһ
ò˵˵µĹ֮£Ȼһ١
Ⲣûд۵ģԶգһγֵˣɫ԰ף˸βסľ֡
ǳˣ˵Ķ֣
ûеõ̹Ŵ֮ǰҪƴĻʵѾ忪ˡõ̹ŴУѾײǶˡһ˱˵Ľѽܡȴòϣʵ
ۿǸ׷ǰѪɫĵҪڸˣͣͣ£䣡
īûͣǺݺһһն
飡
УٴαһѪɫâ
˵壬Ҳһεı
Ȼ
˵ΣһƬʱɫѾ԰׵൱ˡ
ȥûһ˿ѪɫϵľҲήҲ
ųīҪٹˡҸ޳֪Ϊܣ
ǰǾ仰īԶԵˡǾ䣬ȴóīüһԶеˣͣ˹
Ȼ󣬶Ǳߵ̹Ÿһ֣̹ŸԶɵ˳īС
Ǳߵ˿ƤֱҪѪĸо
סˡ


1781 壡
ȴѾ꣡
ֻһ˵ģ
õ̹ŸͶޱϲҹȻڣһ죬жʹˣ
һ죬ѾǺܾúܾúܾúܾòǰˣȻ¡
ʱ˵þһӣǳ˷ܵĵȥս
ʤģҲʧܵġʧܵʱҲ˴ıףȻ̹ŸȻи
ƾ⼸иһ·ǿֱɵҲûаܹ
ԣУ̹Ŵ񴫳еѼ̳ˣҲΨһļ̳ˣ
Ҫ̹Ŵ־Ҫٵ죬ΪǸԡ
޾һֱΪΡ
ĥ£ڴ֮ɹĽ뵽̹ŵСȡĿž˵ĹУֱ˳Щš
ɵ˵žȴ˸ͷ
ǸʱȻûоûʧܡȻΪⲻ̹Ŵһֿѡ
һеСʿʲôʸ̤˽ǿ棿ֻҪһͷͿһΣ
ˡ
̹ŴѡǸѼ̳ˣһ棬һΪѵĿˡ
׷꣬Ǹߣ
Ӧ˶ÿһǡô̤˵Ľڵ㡣Ȼһ·ֱϣߵ졣ڳ˾˫Ĺ̳ߣ
ǼУԭֻܱƿص̹Ÿǰ׷Уֱӻǿҵŵ
̹Ÿͨ޾£˿Ժĸ̹ܵŸ˿̵ֻ䡣
ǡ˾ɥ
գ֮䣬˵ͷ˵ûл̣ᷭǷлᰵԷһ£
ЩͷҲ䣬Լˡ
Խǵ߾磬Ա˴˼ֲ࣬ҲԽ
һõ̹Ŵеǿߣûκλᡣ
ڣΨһƣҪγΪһţҲΨһܹȡĻᡣ
гʣìܣǳӡգ̧ͷųī˵Ϊڹ֮⡣
ŶīĿˣ˵ʵ˵һлȴбҪһ¡ΪԴԼȥ㣬ȥжϡ
µѾȫʧȥ˸ʸ񡣡˵ϣǿҵĿɬԭΪҡҲ֪ûǸˡģҲƭ㡣ΪҪΪļ̳ˣҪٵ죬ҲҪΪ壬õϿɣЩұԸ롣ûлˣֻȥʵ֡
īû˵ֻǵĿˡ
˽˵Ĵƣǵļƣ±ѹˡǸɱֻܽľ뿪ȻֱѹҪĳΪҪõľУңõõһöС
ī΢΢üû˵ⶫ
ǵģ˵֮ķɡһطѾʸγһµʱͻһööʲôطû˻֪˵˿ųīҲȷ˵ʸΪ飬ܵٻһصָţ˴ڵĵطǣգҪһսܾĹΪ˵Уκһ翪֮ʸõ飬һ
˵⣬ųīΪûмʶֳ棬Բ֪ȴġ
˵ţֱȡһöƴͭơ棬ŴصķġЩģīƤӾ̲סֱ
棬ҲǷģīüͷ˵ɲҪ
ôˣһֵĿųīȻ˵ûм˵ʲôӵġ
˵ҪΪͱҪõ̹ŵдУҪҵľѹĵطõȻȥҵſԣīбˣǳɣ˸ڵĿӡ
˶ʱֱĸоָ췢ģ䷢Ըģ˵Լ˵Ķʵһ仰ǼٻԸп
ԣʵڳīڽ㼶˵Ǻܳġ
Ǵ棬ͨ˵Ѿôܵǣˡ̫
С¶ûʲôԡ
˵ֱ̬Ҳóī˼֡྿ʲôģī϶Ҳȥ顣Ϊ˵һ仰ֱˡ
Ĵеľ绮֣ģīˣȻת˻⡣
˵Ĵеľ绮֣ＸһģһһеġĴе壬߹һѾǸˡ
һɣīǳ˳飬Ȼֹûǿʲôܺģ
΢΢һ漴˵˭˵ûģǵȻǵǷ۶ɵġǵĺǵԸҲ˵ҪһʲôĺӣԱԸȫֱʵ֡
ֻʲô˼ī˵
˭˵ءƺҲ壬˵һɣȻ󣬾ߵģ̫㼶ˡʵ嵱УģӦʥˡʥ㼶ġռ
ʲôīϣ¶ֲŵɫˡʥ˺ʹʥ
磬Ѿʥˣ
Ĵ쵱УȻֻʥ˺ʹʥ⵱ǽЩ޷ܡ
˿ųī˵壬ǲ壬ǵԪ޾޷ǳ£Ϳʵ֡ԣǶ飬ûκζġУƴ飬аģǿ飬ǰġۻģ
˵ţ¶ԳЦݣ˵ЩˣЩ˵Уġ
ǾˣīЦ
ҡͷʵܽܣܣҪ²źáֻҪʲôСԣǸҪ
ǵĶԺηīʵ
˵ĴУǱأǸأԣĲȱκκö£壬ϲģϲġ㣬ҵ˼𣿡
īͷЦף˵ΪϲΪʹ
ǵģȻҲԸʵ£ȴġ˿ЦҲûлԣڴ򿪻ϻ֮ϲƺԼĿǰĴ
嵱У澳̫࣬˵̫磬͸ˡȻǰı˵ġҪǵ㣬ǺӴġΪǶǲģ޾»Ҳܻ̫١˴ˣϾѾһˡڴ֮ϣЩˡнӵгԽΪǿҲǴ硣ΪӵнԣǾ͸ǿ󡣡
˵


1782 ׷
Ҳ˵˱øǿԶͬʿīʵ
ԣӵġ˵ͷ˵ʵһ־磬ͬˣҲһ־硣ΪԣЩڣǿ󣬸ӵġɲ⡣
īʵǣԽ˴ʿ£ʲôأ
˿Цҡҡͷûˡ
ûˣīһȡ
ûˡ˿϶ĵͷȻ˵棬ûгԽĴڣʵӦܹӦ˴磬ʵֵ뷨ѾԲˣѾûиһĿռˡҪͻƵĻôҲֻгˡ˵̹顣񡭡һִڣһ־硣
һִڣһ־硭ī΢΢üͷ˵ǵһ
˵ʵ˴ֲε飬ͷϣʵϣ˭˭һ㣬ģֻó˵óսһ棬ȴóô֮óģĶ֡ԣʱѰһ߶ȡΪһǳΪһͳ˺ܶ׷󡣲Դ˵׷ûһ塣
ʵʵ˵ûʲô
ī̹Ŵʧܣֻܽˡ
ԣ̾˵Ĳп飬Ȼ棬̹ŴղҲһһ
ָī˵˺ܶĴ顣Ҹ֪īʵĴУҲеˣôġʵƽͣǲϲսϲƽϲǵ
ңĴڲ̹µĿҲŽϴ顣
ںܶ˵ʵһ磬ͶһˡҲֻЩƵĽǣףʵϵ˵⡣ԲŻἫȥֹ˿ųīңҲֻ࣬Ÿ׳ˡЩǵδɾͿˡ٣ƾˣӳּûôˡ
īõ˺ܶϢˣһɣȻҪһȫµľƾһˣҾǲġ㣬Ըһ𣿡
ңһ𣿡ЩŵĿųīгɻ֮ɫ
ĲţīȻһֱô˵أ̫ԤˡԭãԼ䣬ԷܷһѾʴˡΪռϷ硣δؽȣȥĹԼĶ֡
ζû뵽īȻ
Ը𣿻ǲԸ⣿
һʱ䣬ȻЩã֮С
ԼСںɴϽУ̹ŵĹ³󡣴СʱѾ־ԺҪ̳̹Ŵ²Ȼ󣬼彨Լһ磡
Ҫ壬ĴУõϺϿɡ
һֱҲôģŬŬѰҡҵ̹ŸƾĳģõϿɡһȣ緢ӳⷽ١ȡʵǣȻںɴϽУΪǧеһ
ּӵеһУֻһˣ˹硣
Ҫɹˣ
գʧˡ
Ǹ룬ЩΪ֮ŬΪ֮һСҪʵԼֺγģ
ҪͷӦͬͻ
ʱ򣬳īֱӽ̹ŸӸˣˣԥˡһ֮һе𣬼㣬ҾѾȥ͵Ϯˡ
˴Ľӹ̹ŸѪͨĸоȻֻˣ
īĿһˣ˵ͷӦڴ̹ž㻹֪Ψ̹žԦ̹Ÿ
㡭˶סˣĲţīؽȣȻһ̶ֳȣųī૵Ͳ¡
ʲôīˣѵ˵룬ɵң
Ȼǣ˵ϡ̹ŵ磬ΨһһԸĿģǵõȫУȻȥʵֹûܹʵֵԸ
ǲͽˣĿļȻΪɱҡһܹʵԸΪʲôأī΢Цţˡ
ǡһĿųīȻе̹Ÿ󣬳̾һȻֱӵϥ£ں飬Ըһʵֹ־Ը׷ϣ
գͬ˵ǣһں飬ѡ׷ī
ң׷棬ģıľ
ٳںԭҪһʵÿμīԱ߳īܶ࣬Ȼûãī϶ùں¾ģʵеǷ׷
īŵģƹӱǸӦߣһܿܵ顣õ̹ŵĴУζţ̹Ÿϣˣʵ־
ںһ׷ˣ׵ķԼ롣
ؼһ㣬Ǿǳīؽȣİ۷ˡ
³īսôǿÿμܰûƢĹ棬ҲǲġīؽȴΣҲġ
ԣˣķڷ
īںȻûκԥֱӽ̹ľں顣
ںϥʼ̹ž
ã˫ۣгϲɫĶųīһݣǰкܶ⣬һֱסֱڣףԭҪ̹žġ
˵ţУսӣųīϣҲҸҴһܣ
īһЦֱӵͷ
ںȻǷˣΪһսӣս֮ԾԾԡ
һСӣõһ֮󣬻ȲҪóС԰һںʵīҲҲ˵ıԡ
˸˿
ں鿴ųī˵ϣСˣõ̹žңǰɲһˣ
īȻʧЦţӪҪһӪʱôôŤһӪ֮ٿôô˳ˡ
ں԰ڣ֮ǰǾװڣȴ˾еɰˡ
R
˫ΣѸٵĳһȻ󣬵ֱཻӷһ޴
˵ΣȥȻ󣬸Уսӡ

һΣٴԺһ
˵Žں飬Ҫǿīġ
ûôԣʲô飬ܰУҲû漣ֵˡ
īȫ̹Ŵ֮Ƿʵ˾ġ
ںѾ̹ž̹ŸļԦﵽһĵزȻīѹڴ
ƣҲе˾Ҫڳīǰ֤Լʵ
˺ܿ죬ʹһٶغϡ
ʱԭڼսˣȴȻ໥һۡһ̣ǵΣһɹȥ
ǱߣһӰֱֳ
ǣһɫս£ڹâеˣ



1783 ն
ţһһƬ¼ŵһɫս£ڹâеӰ
ڵ򣬳˵һ·ˡ
ڴˣ
ǷλֱӽīںģΧڵС
Ƕûڵһʱ֣վƺ
ȸɵһīں顣
⣡ں棬Ҳͬôġ
󣬳īֱɢõǹķʽں˵ĵˣǵѣ
ǱںҲټٵ˼ģȻ˵Ҳôġ
ʱ֮һĲԾֱӿ˵ǵĿֻ꣬ǳī㡭ں飺ǲΪУԼȥǣ
Ծɫǳϣȥôһ
ںЦһ˵ΪУ԰ɣѵɱô
칬˵ɱк壿
ǵĿģֻǶԭڹľˡͬʱ칬Ůͽȳ
ͽȣīһһ޹ĵҸ˵ʲô
ûϵɱ֮Ͷˣ
ʱ򣬷λֱӳųī߳ˡ
ǹȻûȥں˼еɱȫųīǲԾ칬ˣ޼˳ī
Ǳˣ̫꣬Ѿմ
¡
ںֱӳˣ
ǱֲսŲԾԴֱӶȥ
ңԾŭ
û뵽ǣǱߵĳīҲͬʱ׼
һı
֮й
һӾ֪ࡣ
īٶȡʵ̫ˡ
ڴ֮ǰǴû취һͨĴʿȻӵ˿ֲٶȺǿս
īе߱죬ֱӴԾüġ
һٶȣ쵽Ըӵĵز
ԾҪأ̫ˣ
οںһӣҲͬҪննһ̫ˣͷ̫ˡ
꣡
һԾķ̹Ÿֱ롣
Ȼī߱죬ֱӴڲԾüĴ
һƬɫĹâɫս£ԻסԾȫ¡
Ѿĵϵս£ҲԵ൱Ĵ
飡
߱ĵ棬ֱӴɫս档Ƿһײ졣ţԾϵսֱӾˣ
֮߱ϣһɱֱӽԾüģ̳һѪɫ
ƾɫսǳɫķԾӹһ٣ΣȻˡȻһĿųī
ʱ칬ĹҲѾˡ
īں飬ȴǶ˲Ծһһûܽشšͷ˵ڶι
ĿꡭȻǲԾ
ԾдΪ˵УѵΪʲô
һΣĲСˡһֳ̹ŸĹƴնпһӵž˫ٶȣлһѾĵͬҲһ
ԣǲԾҲòԴ
ϧھԵʵǰôҲûõġ
ԾνǿĽ񳯵һѾ޾֮ãԷ⣬ҲѾߵɲĳ̶ȡ
˵ĹȻȫûа취ȫ
գۼ䣬ͱīһն˼ͷһֱֱۣȥ

Ծһ춯صŭʹͷŭһ˲䣬ֱӳͷԡ
ȴǿΪں̹Ÿˣ
ʱǱߵ칬ȫŭɱˡҲŭ޾໥ݺ֮ص졣ȻĻѾ˸ȡˡ
˭䣬Ƕִܲܲʧ
칬һ˴ꪣֱųīն
ǴꪽƬն¶޾Ļ硣ַУâ貣ȼա
ֳһƶɵĳֱں顣ֲֿ죬ֱӾ춯أ
·ҪһƬ񷶼ˣ
ʵ˵ٶȣȫȹâ
ٶȣֱͲ۾ܸϵġ
£īֱ̹
Ȼٶȣøˣ
һʼóٶôȻ˵ľٶӦеķڲʩչֱӴһֲ
ǲԾ˶Ҫˡ
һҽУһͷ­ֱӱ߱ն䡣
սĽ֮
Ĵ죬ڹ磬Ծһ֮Ȼʱ˿̣ȴնȥͷ­
ͷʬ罦ѪѪһΡһƬ󺣣
̫ӿˣ
գֱӾγһѪӡ⾰ʵ̫ˡ
ѪӣһƬǺӡ
ʱһ˵һ˸죬ֱӿʼѪеѪҺ
¯
Ļ¯ڳī޾µ֮£Ѿȫյַ룬һĶղԾѪаѹ
¯¯壬ֱӱѪеȼյͨ졣ȴĽ֮Ѫ
ѪκζĴҩҪǿȥ
Ҫǿ̫ˣ
ıѪ
ԾҪһĻˣ
ʵϣ֮䷢顣ͷ­ն䣬Ԫֱ˳ȥ־磬ֶʵ̫ˡѾѱɱ
ԪͬҼףıȱҪʵ
ţɱī
壬ǾһĴڣԪ񣬲Ӱս
ȻյŭȴòԾʧȥǡ
ȻҪģȴΪΪȫϣ
ϣȫַģ
ڽ죬ַˣұַĺܲҡֻʣԪ·˰ǹĸо
СӣҪ
⾫ڵĲԾûʵ壬Ըӿֲķʽųī𹥻
ߵĳīںˣһ칬ĴꪺͳȻԶˡ
һսѾռ˴ˡͬʱҲʵûбҪٸǲˡȥҲսҪɱԾǲ̫ܵһ顣
ˣԾŭţ
칬ҲŹīںˡҲ׼ŭˡĹ£Ծܲ١Ҫ˵ֱֺǲ롣
ԣڽ콫˻ɱȻá㲻ܣҲ׵ķŹǡ
ȻĻΪôһ㱾ء
칬һͷݳȥīںǰУ֮䣬Ȼɫ䣡
ӿд֣


1784 ֮
һͷݣڣɣǷצ˸űĽޱȵһ˫У֡۴κνǶⶼһͷĻңһͷ
˫չǵأٶޱȵĿ졣ǷצӣֱץīҪըһƺֻҪץһ£˶ܱץһ
е磬Ҳֱī
磬īȻ¡ϣצӣīֱһȥ
飡
ͷݣʱɢΡ
̫ˣ
Ķгǧ
˽ں鴫īͣЩ飬ȫһеʵͶӰӵЩԼҵȻǿ״̬ʤӴ󡣡
ʱУһſ׵ľˣֱӳݺһȭ˳ī
ī붼룬ն𣬾һš
ݺ˵ȭͷ棬ʱ˵ȭͷ˸ϡá
Ҳʧˡ
и顢飬ӿ
˷·˵˵ĺУߵֶ֡
ʱںҲֱӶ˽
ͬٻʵͶӰ칬ٻЩͶӰս
칬ĿģΪҪЩɱīں顣ǸͲܡĿģֻҪЩס˵ĺȾͺá
ڣĿƺﵽˡ
ͲԾʱѾɱ
칬ͬһʱ䣬ȫľ塣
Ȼչһϵľ񹥻
ϿߣϡںǸֻû˵ڣ͸оԼ壬һɾ޴ţȻǰһڡ
һ̣ǰľȫˣ
ոǸָսʧˡ
ҲȫӰ
ռԾںЩˣųī־񹥻֮¡㻹ܽпռԾôģ
īɫû˵ǿһ򡣵˵ºƣ˵Ǹƣ
ˡǱߵһƽ
ںȻһȻһŵĿǱߣ̹ŸԺУȴͻȻõ˳īһŹ̹ſ죡
⣬̹Ÿĸ
ôīЦЦҲˣȻΪ֮Ӧǿֵز㡢ݡռռͬľ׼Ϣллô̹ϸ֪ˣҵ˿
ʱ򣬴ǱߵУֱ߳һ°׿Ķ̷ߡ
ò൱һ˫ۣ̫رˡǳ䣬ųī˵ʵĴ磬ͬڷž޴ı仯ܶǡҲѾʶһЩ⡣ϲúƽˣԽԽˡ
īںȫĿߣҲ֮
֮˵ľ֮أĴ綥ǿأǡܳɹ
ī΢΢һüңںüǶ̫ףΪʲô֮ͻȻ˵
֮˵УµһöγɵĹСⶫҸұ֤ûõ
ʱں˵ô֪
ҵȻ֪֮һЦΪĴڶöһγɣôĴֱӳֽ֣öߣȻٽȫߡһ棬Ҫǿһ棬Ҳ䡭ֵλ
ΣںЦ㵽Ҫ˵ʲôʱ䣬Ҫ°ܽй
֮΢ЦҡͷҲǡ
˵ţīĿøһƽĹž˵ʵ뵽ôõ£ǡҲѾ졣Ҳ˽⵽˸ΰ֮ԡҪ־
ЦںЦ
ҲоЩ쳣Ϊīһֱûгƺһֱڳ˼ʲô
ںȻЩԾҪѳīʱȴȻоǰһ䡣
Ȼ˲صСʱ
Ǽٵģںŭ
ġԺУһͬħ
ȻͿһӰֱӳںֱסˣۿ˲ˡ

ǰֵŮӣǳᣬҲϹ񾲵Цݡں֣ôû͵
ǼٵģںЩʹԴΪҪ˵Ǽٵģ֮ıʱȴͻȻ䷢֣ȻǸʲô
㣬ôˣŻŮһֱӳںǰȻһںֻ۵С֡
ǵģۡΪʱں飬ֻ߰꣡ССʱ
ںҪĸ׵֣ȴоĸ׵֣ů֪Ǽٵģȴһʱ䣬Щȥѡ
͵һСᡭںš
̫ĸˡ޵·顣ĸףѾȥ̫ˡΣԣһĸ׵Ļ񣬻мӲҿӰʯ֮⣬Ѿ̫õ£ûмĸףҲû׿ڽйһˡ
ָܻоָ̰оԣ֪ⲻģĸס֡
Ȼ̧ͷԼĸףЩʵĵ𣿡
ĸףӦѾεֻءпһĻʵĸÿһֻ˭֮ǰҲһֱĬĬػšɳ죬ٿӣȥһı
ȴ޿κΣΪĸ׵ʣʵڲô
ҲǿеĽһļ䣬ǿӸĸס
ԣȻǶĴ磬ǣȴĴУ޷ó顣
ǻֻأֻأ漰
ںܶУǵͼǰࡣ
ܺð㻹أʦʲôͨأ˵˵Ůӣں֣һԵĳȥ
ںпЦţȻһȥѾЩ䡣
ԼûвУһһġʧˣ
īҲĻþС
ȴǰһĻĻ
Ϊ̫ǿˣԺռļ䣬ǰһڳЩ䡣
Գī˵ʵûôĴ
ԺУֹ˽ļ䡭˵˴֮ӣǧԭԶҪʦѧա˵ꡣ˵ħʰֵЩ档ôī˵лкǿҵĴ
ֵǰһЩ棬īˣЦ
ûڵһʱ䣬ѡ֮
ΪҪ֮׻ʲôҲ뿴£֮ǷֳܷǷ𹥻
һʿǿһһۣ̹ŴеˣӦáûôɰɣ


1785 ԹŪ
ʵҲȷ֮ȷʵûжɣɫ൱Ͼȴȶƽ͡
Ӧң⡭Ǹĸˡѡ桭ȫ˵־
֮˵
ʱڳīǰĻ浱УֱӳǰһеЩˡ

ƯŮߵǰЦֵ磬˵֮𣿡
īЦϣȴ¶һº͵ЦݣȻҡҡͷûû˭ô
īܹԿǱߵ֮ü΢΢һ˫ž޲Уƺһ㵭ĲīеЦǿˣĵҪþǿǣ氡ѵû˵̹ʱ
īȻɫȫ֮ƿһ㡣΢Цſų
һۣ磬ɲ˵֮ϣǿ飬С⵽ĳͷأ
ǺǣҳͷôīЦŵҪͷѽ
꣡
һףȻըֱī
īһֱӶ㿪Ȼһ𺳵ĵ⡭⡭
ǱߵĳҲǱŵûʧɫ磬磬û°ɣˣԺǧҪ˵ˣ̫Σˣ
īҲװһµģųô
Ǹ˵ˣ֮ǿ־־Ǭ֮£˭ӹ־
Ŷôһû뵽ءīƲƲ죬Ȼ˵ðɣ˵Ķԣ
ţԺɱˡ˵ţıˡ
óīе㾪ȣĵôΪʲôûнŸϴ԰ͦڴأ
ʱһģۺˮľɫŮӣͻȻߵīǰһЦݣ硣
ģͬС̡
īľ΢΢һ֪Ů˭ˡ
֮ͨŮҲһˮǰ
Ůӵ֣ĭ
ҲǳīǰһУϲŮӡڳһУʵĭųī
ţĭôˣҲ˵֮ôīЦ˵
ţ֮˵ʲôѣǼŵģ˵ȥ̤ɸ硣ĭ֮ƺȫûгأһνӡ
īĵϺ١·ˣ
òϣ֮һ֣൱ĸͨīߵˣǱĬķʽǿ֮ڳīеķ
һ˵ûʲô˵ҲǲšֻУȹǧأǸʱأȻߵˣڷϸأ
䲢ˣīһͬϷС
˵Ǳߵں飬ʵѾ뵽þȥˡ
ѾĶȹ˼Ĺ
ȻǸУΨһŷ飬֮
ʲôɴϽĴʲôһĽͳͳڻǸ統С
ĸףÿ춼֣˵һ֮ĺû
ȻںߵˣҲȫڲϵǿ֮ΰ̹֮ŴںСѿճɲһ統У̹Ŵ󣬱滻ˡ֮
˵Ҳ֣ʱںѾȫ벻֮ҪԼǸƭӵλˡ
Ѿ˽ȥ
κ飬һٵĸоûУ
Ҫģĸף
оҸģ
īԹۣˣԼǰϵ֮Ȼһߵں飬ܹԵĸоںϴǹϢ֤ں顭Ӧȥˡ
ֶ֮ΣǺǿ󰡣ǲֶ֪Σ˶أ
īҪҪžͰںѣ˵䲻⡭ȸ֮һϲ
ʱǱߵ֮ͻȻ΢΢һüȻֱһ˿Ѫ
óīϲѣ֪ΪʲôͻȻŷӦ
ʱ򣬾ͼ֮üͷȻ˫۾ø䣬ҲرͳҪģ֮ԶܱѣȻǵ꣬٣ҡó
֮۵һһѪ
ǿͬĽһӿֲ̹Ŵеˣ˵Ҳһ޴ƥĸ
ʱ򣬾ں˵ҡں飬ԡ
ī֪ˣȻǱߵ֮ѾɵĿ⣬ֱͶ˳īд޾ɻͬʱһĨǿҵ𾪣
ζ벻ͨȻʧЧˣ
Ȼһ澳ϣȫûκεã
Ȼûзģ
ī۾Ȼſ֮¶һĨЦݡȻֱ̹ʱ䡣
ѵ
䣬īֱҹȥһ̹ʱ䡣
īһӣԼȫĵУʩչ̹ʱ䣡
ЧҲԵ˼޷š
֮һƺͲ˺ܶ꣬ԭͯյϣֱӱֺݣǧ֣ԭ޾ľһӱ˥
ͬʱīݺһںƨϡ߷ɳȥҲںڷµԡ
ں͵һѪȻˣһӻָ
ָ֮ں飬Ӧٶȿ쵽˼顣
Ǵ޾µսĥгɳ嶥ʿûκηϻ̹Ÿ̹ſ죬֮Դһӡ
꣡
һӣֱӿȥһ룡
֮һ춯صĲҽ֮֮Ǽġ
Ϊ֮ǰ̫ˣҰҲ̫󣬾ȻҪǿշīںˡūȻͨ˵ķʽõ̹ŴУӶõ࡭ԭܻõĺô
θ̫
̴󣬻ɹͬҲбƶӵΣգ
ڣ֮Ǳ˶ӣ
ȻĻƾںһӣôǿ˫Ҳ޿ֱӽ֮ͷ­һ롣
ʱ֮ҲֱӶ˽ԼԪǿҪָ۷ʱ״̬ͷ­ѳ
ȴǱīֱһץסӽȥ
֮Ԫޱȵķŭ
īץҪʲôȻ˵϶ҪȻΪ֮֮ϣһͷĶ
Ͼ
ܱ
īһЦԹŪѾܾˡյϢ
ۣ
ȻԪ״̬֮ȻҪѪĸо
īں໥һۣϬֱӳ֮˹ȥ
ʱɱ֣ʱ


1786 ֮
̣֮ҪѪڵˣУһëȻĸоˣûһƲ硣ǳī̹Ÿˡȫоر־塣
ԣīںһ˲䣬֮Уֱһǿҵ⡣Ҫ뿪
һ൱ܵĸо֮г塣
ˣ
ٶȷǳ֮죬ȹâٶȿռ䣬·ڷĵš
֮л벻ͨΪʲôīȻܹĻ
ֻ󣬾ûа취
ȻĻ궼ǽ۾ʵ֮Ҳûǿȥƾʲô֮֮ϣΪͨ
֣ͨһΰ꣡
һĿֲͨ
ڻУֱĻ޾¡ﾭɳϲŭ֣ϲᾭֻأ
ֲ֮ͨǱĬʽϴԡһʼޱѣҲؽݺݵơ֪ͳȥ
Ĵ쵱У֪֮ͨˣҲࡣֻҪôͨƹˣȫ¡
Ѿ֮һΰˡңһƽȥôǿĴڣҲҲ̶ܴѳ
Ծս;磬ʵ֮ˣ֮ľη֮ģȴһֱδı䡣֮һ˼ȫ
׷īһʼûбĻԻһֱԹ۵Ŀֱ֣̫ȱˣ־ȻҪϢϻб⻹ȱµô
֮ԼѾ޾£ʶҪˣܲҪֵزģƽЦ˱ˣϢ
ȱµˣ
֮ڷĵˣͬʱʩչͨ赲īںˡ
ͨЧ֮͵ʧȥ̡
ں棬֮ҲǺ޼ˣոǳīѣľͳݽȥˡ
֮ȻѾȥĸƭյǲˡ
߲ѡں˵ţе̹Ÿֱն
̹ſ죡
һ̹Ŵľѧʱ޾֮һ䡣
Ѿ̹ʱ˥Ϻܶ౶֮սϣѾ˥̫ࡣ
˳֮£ٴθˡ
Ԫնѣ
ʿ̫ǿҲ̫¡ȻԪնѣȻӵн
֮˵ˣֱǲܽܵġ
ܽܵģں档
Ǳߵĳīݺһٴն
̹ŵ
̹ŴľѧڳīʩչҪԶʤںʩչ̹ſ졣
һΣ֮ԪܵĴ˸ӿֲ
Ԫ񣬲һͱնˣ
֮Ԫǵأֱռ䣬ݹ۰գҪγѹīںˡ
ˣȫǾս׿ǿߡ֮ƴ£ȻܵһЩӰ죬Ӽսɱġ
ûԣī޿ܴӱΪӦߡ
ûţںҲͲܴĴһ·߳Ϊ̹Ŵеļ̳ߡ
ǿ飬Ǵʿ۷壡
֮Ԫ޾޾ķڷѹˡ
һľɱ
һǴ˼˵ս
īһһÿһնΪĺۼÿһƵȻʵɱ
ǿĹڳī˵ҲƽһΣ
Ϊʩչ̹ʱ䣬ľ޴󣬵˿̣ȴͬһս֮ۡҪɱ֮
գ֮ˡ
սԸıĸ֡
֮ǰû˻뵽Ľ֣κ˶󲻵
֮Լȫûм㵽ԼԱĻ
һΰ꿰û覴ûȱ㣬Ķͨûʧֹһεʧ֣ͳĽ֡
һΰԲҲǼû覴áֻ˵īֻأһ⡣һΰ꣬Ӱ쵽ģصһμ䡣
Գī˵һļ䣬ʱȳЩ仭棬УȷռصһΡɳīԼģȴһǡݡļ䣡
һĳīӺСʱ˵
һǰֻڵ£ȻֻأǰѾȥ˭ԣֻһǸˣңΪҲҪͨϵӡ֪
ۺ͹۵㣬ֱֱӵ߸н磬ȫսнĹ۵㡣
˵۵Щ׷˵Ŀ
ʲôǰǰǾ꣬һоһǰܽ
ʲô䣬ȻϴڣҲ˵Լô㻹ʲôһֻܻ׷ˣ͹ô
ʵīУôģǵ˽죬ҲȻ˽ʱĺܶ۵㡣
ֻһ̡һĹ̡ջõһʲôĴ𰸣ûôҪ
ԣ֮ˡ
һΰ꣬˸ͷ
ս֮ʵȻΪǿ֮һȴ˳īġ桱֮¡
棬ʵΪġǷݳġ
ģܹм֮󣬻ܱǿųĵʿСһġ
īƫ
Ƭ޾գȼա
һĴ̫ˣޱȵӿȼߵĻ⣬ҪһСȫճɻҽճޡ
֮Ԫ
˴٣棬ǴȼĻҲҵ
ԣһûκתĿܡ
īںվ޾ңԶĵطңһ
Ҳֻе־ˣվۿΪ¶ȣߵǿЩȼյǳҪ߳ȥ
ֻ棬ֻҪһ㣬ͿԽһ澳ʿֱյʲôʣ¡̫ϾʿմȾһΣҲᱻֱʵľ棬Ҳȫ޷ֻ¶ȡ
벻õ֮ȻַʽĻڣҶЩţǱɱģںվһ˼飬˵ǡ̫λˣ
īͷЩ꣺һֱ˵֮Ϊеǿڡ벻óģȻһͨ
ᵽ£ں£ĿתīóϷʵ˵£ϣôʶģ
ī룬ĿƬҵЦ˵ֻعǰһľγɵļ仭棬ҪԶһֱͨӲ׽ǰһĻ档ȴǰһ˵ʵԶûôҪҿǰ֣ͬԹۿ͡
ںһ𾪣漴ˣīϾȻӵ˵ԣףΪʲôӱΪӦߣ̳йĴˡ


1787 ־
֮䣬磬γ˾޴𶯡
һʱ䣬еĸط˴֮أѪƮ䡣ͬһ㡣
ֱ𺳵Ըӣġû취ֽĿУͬӵ޾֮Ȼ׵ġˣ
һΰ֮֮ȻˣˣͨȴԶ˱Ƶ˵޷ı䡣
ˣΣˡ֮ϣ䡭˭ܵУԾԳīսȻ¡
λҲͬˣҲıīˡ
֮ѾˣȻЩܹ⣬ΪʲôһгֵӦߣô̵ʱڣΪһӵ˿ֲ
ѵ˵ĴУľô棿
Ҿãµ񣬵Ԯʱˡ칬ŲԾ˵֮٣Ҫ룬ˡ
ΪûСԾУȼűĻ⣬˵Ǽ𣿡
ǲʵλѾٳɽˡǹһ־ôɱԼĴߣλܸܿشۡԴҡΣȻһ˵Ҳô
칬۾΢΢һ˵ȷ־ȷһͦ뷨ҵΪԳһ
Ҳô˵ǵ־һͬ٣ֱĵеķײŽѹ֮ǹУΪҲΪֲĵطѵ˵𣿡
νΣ֮£ŻִԵԾĿУǱĻš˵ǵ־һҵġ־ŹܿƵһ档룬ȻǹԼҲƿǵ־ңĴûܷĴڡ̽ǸطͬҲֲˡޱǿ󣬶ޱȻҺͷҲµûǵ־Ӧǹı־
칬ͷǵģҲô²ġǶ֪־ʵ־棬Ϊصһ־ųһ־ԼǱˣīҲãĸ̹ŸҲãǶ̹ŵĴߣ̹־ļ̳ߣǻѱ־ųģˣ
һҪǴأ˵Ƕף䣬̫̫֮Ƕ޷̽ĵͷһʧˣôʧȥģɾȫˡ
Ծǻ·𣿡
仰ֱ˳ĬС
ǰ·ô
УʵѾûˣ
ΪȻȥˣʵϣȴѾˡ
ĴľĸʵҲѾǱһˡһ̣ϣѾעˡûлͷ·
飬㱨Ĵ
Ȼõģ
ΪĴǾ䣬һ̹š
Ϊ̹ţǵĿУζǿġɿصΣء
ΣգһΣ㹻ˡǲٳֵڶˡ
ԣĴ֪֮󣬾Իɳǿߣ
ʱѾսѾΪ˹ǣֽȥδӣ
飬·
ǰУͬ·
ĴЩǿߣԻһ
пܻԶ֣ǳ׵ģȥ
Щǿһ
ۻġġҪϴֱΪֹ
ֽʵԼҲĺܣ
ֻ̹ŵļ̳ˣǲŻߡȻ޷磬Ƭ֮ءУԶߡ
ðɡգЭˡ
ڣҪвˡˣȫǷ֮ȥǲǷΪǲͬȼĶ֣ʵ֤ǶˡشԾ˵ǲͬȼĶ֣ҡǸ¡ΪѾǵΨһ̵ģ֪ǵұ־ǲ֪
˵Ӧô죿
Ծ˵ն뵽ǸطȥǸطѡ
칬΢΢һŲԾ˵Ŀ⣬ƽκ쳣Ծȴ֪һӣҲһֿʡԣ̹ȻҲƽ
˵Ҫ˭նȻҸһȥǸطѹı־
ˣȥɡ칬˵ţתߡ
һ۲Ծֵܣౣأ
Σճ̶һģΣյȼҲһġѹ־һΣյµ顣
Ϊĸˣľ˼ȫеĶҲֻǵԵޱߵ־˯˶ѡ̸ѹֻʣˣ˭˵Լ٣
ǸطǹԵҲصĵطﱾͳ˸غδ֪
Σ֣þݣǸС
ֻȥնջīǸˣͬΣޱȣ
Ϊ֮ո٣Ϊ֮صĲ֮ϣȻƮѪ꣡
֮Ƕ֣ԾôǶ֣
ԣ칬ԥǵѡǸ²ԾˣʲôĻУҲ˵Ծī֮Ųɵ͵ĶԹ
˫;޺ͽĿܡ
Ƕߣ̫ߵ黳
еκһսҲЭġʵ֮Ҳһԣ֮ˡ
ˣֱ·
īںʱҲѾ뿪ƬҪճ޵աǳ֮ڽ
֮䣬һ춯صĴս
֮أ鴫˵УǹԵĵطʵʺϵһƬս
֮ϣ޾ǿ飬ǵУ壬ǶӦ֮ūͣ
ģһ
Щˣ͸֮һԶıʵ
ԣīں飬Ҫ顣
䱻ĽսĪһ㣬
֮գǳš
֮䣬Ƭ½˾޴Ĵˡ
Ƭ½ϵЩ飬⣬⵽ΪʲôĿеϵߣΪʲô䣿
ǵУȫޱȵʹɱߵˣҲǿҵԸӵʹ֮⡣
˶ԸҪΪԶȥɱߵ֡
ڣķּٵ֮ص֮ۡ
ϧһдۣΪ֮𡣡
֮أ˲ˡ


1788 
֮أҲûֹЩʿһ˼ѪһһȺǵĹĶղҪȥ̣ҪȥһеˣȫһܣѪģ·ǵĵˣһȺ߹һֻҪǴһܽ˲ɢ
ò˵֮֮صľӪҲһֽĳ̶ȡȷǷǳ
֮ˣЩˣȻ£һǻѪҪȥѩޡ
֮ϵĴδǱߵĳīںˣѾ
̫ˣ֮Ҳûб߼ʡīں˽֮غ󣬵һʱ䣬͸֮ܵеҵա
̲ס
ںʵ֪Լĳ˭𣿡
ī˵äĿ
Ҳԣںǳ˳飬Ȼ˼ûôԼģֱӽ˲еһųǡ
˵֮أش˿ϡ٣عϡĵطƽطߣҲôࡣųǵķΧҪɺܶࡣ
ҲܿϽͷҪɱ֡ҪΪĿеҲ֮֮ࡣ
һȺѪٵ֪Сƨں̲סֹһ䡣
ȻֱӽһҾƹݡںֵĿʼƲˡƹ˲࣬λãȽϿƹĹ̨
ں鿴ڹ̨ƹģЦ˵ô˭֪Ϳʼӣ˭ȥѽ
ƹı˯ںĻʱ۾һνЦ˭ܴ˭һһмʶˡмʶ˰
˵⣬ƹ̾˿չЩԶҲ֪Ǵģʵ֮ˡ
ʲô˼ں̲סЩ
ƹֱȽеˣƳҲòʲôŪĻᡣںüĿһ֪ʵı飬ǿҵıʱһصĴں飬˵ʲô˼㲻룬ܸ֮սҽɱĴڣǵʲôʿͨʿȥֿôңһֱڣ˾˭û˵ԣⳡսŵģû֮صս
ںЩ¡
϶ģƹһ϶ĵ֮ҳϣԲ˵֮һˡǺ޽أҲȺˡ˭֪֮ûкˣһǽ֮ϣ϶Ⱥ׵״̬ʱ򣬱Ȼһ޴ķ֡ߣôܻŹֺû᣿ԣ׷״Ϊ֮ĿںţԼĿĲΪ˶һˡЦЩѪʿΪҪΪ֮ء
Ȼںǳ鴤ţһ
ī飬ǼˡиеЩͨˡȻûгǿսûԪһҲ̶ֻܻ̰ꡣʱ䣬ֳĹԲãȴǳԽඥ֮أ˵ġĶ
֮ϵ飬˽磬ǸͲ¡һС淢Ĺ£⾫һ򱶣
ƹһЦЦȻˣЩ飬ֻΪҵ˵ҪԸǸɱ֮ʿҲģ
ţںī໥һۣȻֿƹ񣺡֮Ƕ֣ôң
ƹ˵£˵֪˾̫ˣ
˵ţƹ񣬾Ȼֱӿһϣͬʱ˽
ƹһ֡һΪȻѾﵽ̫Ͼ磡
֮棬һ֮أ˵ǸطΣա֮ȫˡһΣ֮䣬е칬ǰմﾭȥǸطǺǣҪǲµûǲʮа˾ţȥնǸǿʿϹƹһصı飬ˡ
ںƲЦЦϹɣôش飬ôܻ֪
ƹЦϹˣ²֪ҵҸ˵ҵĶӣǸСȨĹߡ£ʵڸ߲ǱߣҲʲôرĻܡΪҪǸˣͱַȻĻ֮ˣʲôǸս
ںóϷĵͷƹģ濴ȻôҲǰ
ˣټϲɱɱЩĵȻĻҲһѺ֣ƹһԵõ˵
ʱ򣬴ӳǱߴһŮǺ˵˵ˣϿæɱ㣿ɾˣȻģ²ȥ֣
ī
ں飺
ȫͷߡ
ǱƹεЦЦȻֵ˵˰ɣĶ벻ң
˵ţֱվƨƨߵĳųǱȥ
ƹ治˶Ц
ʱһϵĴ󺺳ںͳīЦλѣǿɱƹϹˣǰһԲĸ㽲һٸ³ŵĻ֤ͬĹ¡
дƹǼһұң֣
ƹ˾ٴЦ
īҲЦţģȴ
ʵںҲࡣ
˽֮أĲǹ۹ģ׼ɱģ
ԭǿ֮ϵЩˣȫѾ֮ϴˣȫ֮
ȥƺҲˡֻ뵽֮֮󣬲Ż֣ᷢô¡
Сˣʵ̸֮Դ֮䣬Ҳûе־ηûʲô˵
Ǿ͸ܿܿһԼϲŭ֣Լĸ׷󡣼ڹԼӣĲˣ֮Щ˵񿴴ġ
ԡ
ԣں鿴ųī
šīͷ
໥һۣ˱˴˵⡣Ȼһ鼫Ʒ쾧ʯȻȥ
ϣ˵ǸƹĻŶжߣ뿪ƹ֮ںȻԾƹƹĻˣųīʵ
īͷŶȺܸߡ
ںЩŵĵҲɵϣ飬ѵǵĿУǾôɵԼ˽
Ǿôɵءī˵ȻЦЦҲû뵽ǾȻôľͽ뵽ط
ǸطҲŲȥأںЦ֮أ̹ŵĴԡԭΪһƬ˵ֵطǲġ൱ΣյŲɵġ
ﲻȥīһں飬˵ȥǸطڴš
ں۾ʱһȻ΢΢¶һĨЦݡ


1789 
ԾУռŸָϢеƣˣȫ׵ʧڹһȻѶȫޣ
ƾݣҲҲۼ
˺ܶవ壬ȫѰ˵䡣գȴȻһֱ˵Ļ񣬴ݻ֮ءݵԼĲС
һСһϢˣ綼Ѿ֮ء
ϢòԾֱӱ
ôܣ
ˣǿߣûΪʲôҪǣ
ѵǻԼͨûҪȺȾƣҪסꣿ
ֲεߣЩԭڹųеʿ֮⣬û˻׽뵽ֹųȥ
Ҫ֪ʲôϢֻҪųʶⲶ׽һ¾͹ˡҪõʲôҲûҪȺӵĳȥ
ԣǲԾҲã칬ҲãǶȫ뵽ɱһĿֲǿߣеʿȻѡȥһ֮صıųǡ
Ծ֪ǣԴ֪˵֮ƹݵƹ͵ھƹеȺˣȫˡȻȫģֱĨԼԺеĺܶ䣡
ȻĻҪ֪˵ô֮лǾƹƹ񣬻͸¶һĴܡǵľ¶ñ˸ˡ
Զʧڳ׵ˡ
ڲԾֻоЩץ֪Ҫôҵˡ
ϵΪԴѰҵеͺۼǣīںҲǷ֮߹ĵط϶һ˿һ
ڵõϢֻгīںˣСһСƹݣһʧˡ
֮⣬ȻһϢòˣ
ˣ·ǴСƹݡȻʧˣʧӰٵġ
ԾüͷȻʼļȻݲʲôľ磬ҪӽĽûġ
֮󣬲ԾɫȻЩˡ
ΪĸֿԣˣȥǴ֮ض½칬ĿԡȻģ
˵Ҫ֮شɱ䣬ôѾʼˡǵʵͲҪʲôҲҪʲôֱչɱ¾ˡ
֮ޱ޾ò˶ãͥɨѨһĽ֮ظһ飡
ȴûУ
һֱڣûĶֻ˵һ£īںˣŲɸ˵ܣ
ɱ칬
Ǹƹƹ͵Ǿƹò͵Щ˿Уû˵κмֵϢԾҲûô׳գµЩʿʲôԣĺܡµƹϰиӣе
ЩϢۺֱƶϳһʵˣīǸˣѾ֪һЩϢˣ
ԾȥǸƹϰ壬ֹֻ£ȻͷʰЩ
ϧǣǴ֮أκεûа취ȥԣҪ絽칬ҪԾԼ뵽Ǹط֮ſԡ
Ծļ٣Ǳǰ
߳īںˣѾǴ֮ء
һ޴ԨվԨۣ֮¿̫ˣ˵ʶ̽鲻κֻܸоԨ޾
طںǳ鴤ţ૵ľ磬ҵȷ˿͸İ
īһۣЦŵˣԪ񻯵һûӡ㲻⣬Ҳ˶١
ںʱͷߡ
ʵ䣬κһǿߣˣһȥһûӡӴĳ̶ȡ㲻ţҲѰġ
ҲΪʲôһǿߵһѪһƬԭ
ǵϵκһλǵ뷨ۣһͷǷĻ
Ǿţں鿴ųīʵ
Ҫȥīգ۾ûиں飬Դ͸о·һڲϵٻӦþ޾ԨС
ŵں顣
ΪҲԨӦþǹУΪص
ֵط϶ǳδ֪óȻܻ̽ܿ顣
ںȻЩԥųīϣֵط治ô̽ġʶáΪ磬ᱻѹư
ҲǣҪˣīں顣
ںһᣬʵ棬ͬĺܡ
طѾΪصˡ
Ź񴫳еˣҪԼû̽ôϣ¾û̽طˡ
ں룬Ǹɴһҧ˵ȥ
ʱ˺ȻͷңԶ
һ㵭˶ս൱ˣڵһʱ䣬ѾӦ˷Ӧ
˵Σȫʧײˣ
Ծһ·۵糸һĸϹû̫ڲԼвءͬʱҲų޾պʹأϸϸÿһƬκһŹ
Ծһ
־磬û©ǡ
ԣţīںҲһӲѰҡ
һ·Ѿǰǵ޴Ԩ
칬ˣ˿̾ԨС
ûá
ԾУһĺ١
֮Ѿˣ֮أʣǿߡһҪٳ£ӣҲԲ̫Զˡ
أ
Ծŭһ壬ȻһּΪķʽȻʧԭء
ȴһ޵Ѫۣ
ѪÿһΣǾӨ͸ƯաһѪɫķ羰ߡ
һ̣ԾǾ޴ƥķֱ࣬ӳգ޾ĹâһջҪ
ͬʱŭֱƬ񷣺͵Ϯ޳ܣ
飡
ޱȵĺ޾Զ
ٴγѪɫ
漴ԾջȭͷȻֻȭͷ棬һ˿ڡ
Ծ¶ļɵ֮ɫ
ϣҲ¶ޱȷŭı飬ͼݵԨ칬֪﷢ʲô
Ԩȴĵģûһ㶯
Ծһģ³֪Щˡ
Ԯɱ֮ǿڡ
һٶһͷ·Ԩ˽ȥ
ϣ
һѪɫ޸ȻԨðһնѺֱۣնԾ
ͬʱڲ෽ͬնһѪɫâǳīĵ
̹ſ죡
̹ŵ
ںī˵һֱǿƵԸӵľء
ԾһֱӼһϵơ
ƣɢǿϢڳīĵ
飡
Ѫⱬ
ӵƣ˲ķѣ


1790 ص
Ծֱ۵һһѪĽȻīһˣ
µһÿһģþѪġȴīһ͸ˡ
Ծŭںʩչ̹ſ죬һӣѾˡ
꣡
һֱնڲԾһϷ֮ϣȻҲֱӱնˡ
ţīĵں̹ŸŲԾնȥ
˵ϣȫ޾ѪռУҲǹǿƥķϢ
޾Ĵݺύ
طγɵĳ򣬾Ǵ澳ʿˣꡣ
̫Ͼʿ޷ս
ΪЩҵķ򣬻ֱӽǵĵн飡
˲ͻ
ԾŭţҪ
ǣ治˵Ķ֡ʵһȫǶˡ
īɳ̫졣ںսҲ̫ǿˡ
ֱһ޵еļơԺɨһеУ
Ծһޱȷľٶ
ҪԱԪ
źƥϢδӿѾīںͬʱ˸ͬһŲԾĹ
ָƵǿ󹥻֮£Ծ޷۳ԪֻĿԼԪ񣬱īںֱױȵĹ˺÷飡
Ƭ񷣬صŲԾУ޾ĲʡƬԨ򣬰ﷶΧ֮ڣûκ̴ڡ
ԾֺֹֱӴݳ޾ңԶľ롣
ң֮صУʼѪꡣ
ѪȺ죬Ʈ䡣
֮صˡȫ̧ͷͷĲ񷡣һãȻ֪һΣĸˡ
֮ءôˣ
ƽ꣬ѵҪ𣿡
ȥƽһȥˡ
Щս֮սʿǣҲȫ̧ͷͷƬѪ꣬Ǵ˿̣ȷ֮Ľϡ֮Щĸ£ڽĲ
֮ˣµ޾ĸΪ֮Ϊ֮ϣΪŨΪĵһƬ
һ޽ıأ˭Ҫõ
ߵʿǣ˿ǳ׵ЩãȻˡΪǲ֪һεѪ꣬һСȴһɺǵֱðһӰʼֲŻĺ
ƴɱᡣĿĿɲΪ˸ѣҪ޾ĽԼð
֮ȫأ
˵У¶ãĹâǲûǶˣǾͿԳưˣͬ԰ռ޾ͬȡԹ档ǣܹɱ֮ĴڣŹ֮һ
϶ǲģ
ôҪʲô
֮޾֮ϣԭҵսƬƮѪ꣬˲ֹͣˡֳһֹƽܿлŨŨѪζȫԾȥⳡսҪҪȥʲôʱȫԵ
ЩҲȫгãȻǻǸԼ£ô˵ⳡսĿǰܼȥˡ٣ûȷĸ֮ǰⳡսܼȥˡ
ǱҪȷոλ˭
Щȫû뵽ǣڶѪꡢѪꡭò˶ãͻ֮صϿƮ¡У޾ı͸޾İϢϢ͸˵С
һĺƽ٣֮أʷǰĴѡͬҲ֮¼ԪĿʼ
ǵ嫵Ԩۣ֮īںˣվĿнٵѪꡣ
Ȼں˵ôĶӦ𣿡
īһ۽Ԩ΢΢ü˵ҲǸӦ
ǡǾȥȥںϣ¶һĨŵЦݣųīϣ֮ص鷳ǾͿȥѰҪĶˡ
Ҫʲô
Ȼ̹Ŵľ񴫳УԼ
ã
īͷȻһԾֱ޾ԨС
ںҲȥ
ƬԨͨÿһͨͬһ޴
󡢺嫡޾ͷ
棬סŸָĿֲ顣Ǽ뿪Ԩᵽȥ֪Ǵڵˣ΢΢
Щ飬ÿһֻޱȵǿӵĿֲʵ
Ǵ澳ʿЩ飬Ҳ˵ܹȫѹ
칬ˣ޾֮ǰոս뵽ʱһΡʱ̽Բλ֮Ҫõеԭ
Ƕ̹ܹ֮񣬳ΪһĴڣԴΪӵԶԶԽĴͷԡ
Ƕɣ̹ŴͷԵУδ֪ʹ̹ų񡣳Ϊһ㲻顣ԣǶҪõ
˴ڷѾţ֮ڽ뵽̹ŴΪصƬ򡣽Ĵֲ
̹̾Ŵ־ֱһħ񣬲ͽȫ˺
һεĽѵ൱ʹһΣ칬˶൱СĽ
ƿ˴Ŀֲ֮Ƭص򡣾ǵ̹ŵı־ڳ˯С
Ҳ˵ŲԾĵ
нǣԾһֱûκζʱ㣬ԾӦҵˣɵڣȻûж
᲻ᡭǳʲôˣ
ûκνֻҪһ񣬾ױ˴˵˼
Ƕǻ飬ģеġԣȻھȴš
ǲĲԾᱳǣΪͲܡ
ʱһһţҲͬ˵һ㡣
īںˣ֮󣬶ЩɵۡΪǰľ޴ͨ
ҪݣҲܡ֮ǵľȻûܵκԵѹƣȴܸܵһǿĳⳡӦþطɢġ
˵᲻ᡭЩͨȫָһطںüͷ˵Щͨ˴еЩ·һ󣬶ͨһطġ
īͷҲ뵽ֿԡ
źǿ顣ī˵

Ҫϳīһ˸ոսȥûã棬ʹһֲ޺
еͻһȷ硣
һӰӣȻǰں飡

ںһ̹ŸݺһӶȥ
໣
һҽУӰֱӱںһӸնΡ
һŨѪζ˲䴫


1791 ʿ
Ҳôں˵ţȴԵĳīȻӵ
ϣ
߱췢һ
ȻһˮͰֵĴߣīնԴ
˸еֲǣͣž޴ļ棬Ѿ۳˶Һ
ҺɢζīںˣһͷĿѣĸоȻӵо綾
̫ˣ
־ʿżǶҺζ֮󣬶оѰʿһ¾ͻɥˡ
еΣհںͷ
ī侲ĿܣΣգСĵ㡣ҵ졣
ںһůͷã
ûоܾΪ֪īɲ죬ۺʵǿ̫ˣ
ؼǱǿչںиоů
û˹涨ǿ߾ͲҪ˵ĹģͲҪ˵չˡʵһģҪ
ֻһûǸʸȥĺչּǿ߰ˡ
īǰ棬һ·ϣ˺ֲܶ顣һЩѰҰ޵ķŴ档ЩǿǵӣͨˣʵϣЩ飬ȴޱȵǿ
ԶʤЩ峤ɣһǳķ顣
˵ĥ̴С֩룬ͨѩף˸צͬ棬ϵë롣ж쵽˼飬ںЩǡҪǣ֩³˿̵̹ŸϡΨгī߱죬նϡ
ǳīһҲնⶫ
˷˲СľŰѩ׵֩Ū˶֩˿൱Ȥ˼̵Ķһһķ
˵Ļ涼޷⡣
ںã˿ס
һЩָֻ״ļ׳棬׷Щ׳滹ҪСȴӵſֲĹͷں飬һС֮£һֻɫļ׳洩͸һܵش
ǳīʱնޱȾһ׳ųں塣ȴգۼˡ
óīںȫʮ𾪡
Ȼܴҵ壿ҡֲһںǳ鴤ţ˱øӽ
ʵոգҲǲֻû뵽׳Ȼôֲ
󣬴ͨɳһֻƴɫ
ͨһ߶ûУʶ棬ѴݳԶ
īںˣҲֻܸܵһֻɫĺ
ţʼƴĴԼĳ𶯷۳Ƿ۳뵽УֱӻεĶأӹ
īһնɫ
ֱֻӾͱһΪն롣جΣŸոտʼ
նĺֱӻֻȻٴαīնϡֻ
ʮֻʱ򣬳īں飬ȫٳˡ
ʱͨеĿУҲױһĪĶռˡ
ⶾأȻ˺īںˣȴüΪճǰ裬еĸо
оʵ̫ˣ
󣬳īУֱȼһ֮ʱеĶȼմͬʱҲʮֻ
ɲһ֮𣬶ǳī龧֮ӵе
Ⲣ̹ŴĴУȴ龧Դһ
Σȫøӽ
ĹУָɵ˲ٸָ顣˵ʵҲȫֽƣĸо
ںֹطԭˣȷʵܲѰڻɣ칬һĳһݾܵ
īͷطΣգԶֹЩ
ǵǡںͷҲףֻЩΣյĻ̹ŴΪصһƬҲûôˡ
ʱǰͻȻһȺϡ
Щϣÿһֻаƴ󣬻£īôڰĵطЩϵϣȻ˸źڹ⡣
һȺϣֻ
ͺǰȥ·飬˿ͷƤĸо
ҪǣЩϣһֻȻŴ澳ķ
Ϊںһʱ䣬Ϳһֻϣ֤һǵսҲһӣֱӵļŭȺµ顣
糱ߺƹ
īںˣȫʼĳ֣һʱ䣬Ѫɫӡ
̹߱ŸȫͷųǿɱīУȼֹ֮ȺϵĿ
ںûôˣϣʱֻرĺϣǼޱȵݺݵĿҧȥ
Ȼû취ܵˣƤѪǲɱˡ
ں˻ţȻȴһ㶼ɱ¾š
Уȫȵķ֣ÿɱһֻ飬ƺһע뵽ǵ嵱ȥ
֣öھȵͬʱҲǳϲá
ֺ£ڹȥǿǴûġ
ɱøˣɱ֮߰áŽϣĲࡣ
ҲҿЩֻд澳ķȴûдʿôԾȻĻȺҲֻŤͷܵķݶˡ
˶ûվȻӿЦ
̫Ѹˣںһ֮ǰһֱʱ䶼ûС
ܹ񫡣īں飬ܸоҵΪвС
ɱЩȻԵõôطһѡ񰡡ںЦ˵漴ԼЦҪ춼ҹƺܿͻġط̫˸оѹˡ
īȴҡҡͷͲǵѹ֡
ںһ漴Цֻ˵ϵĲΣ߳Һܶడ
˼룬ڼʶָѰʵޱǿ֮˽ս
ǿˡ顣
ЩˣȫС
ߵģҲûгīſƵһƳ
һȺˣ
Ⱥ˵ʵȴһ㶼䡣
һս£ӵŴҵս
ǳ˴С֮⣬һУһ޶ңÿһʿȫӵ൱߼ĹǶԵ뷨⣬˿ѷɫκһͬʿ
ȺСˣڿīں֮ȫ¶ޱĸо
ں̲סһүѾܶ궼ûмˡĳЩˣүģͨʹɱһĥԼԡһȺʲô
飡
һ죬һֱӶˡһȫѷɫκһĹ
ͬʱǸֵʿҲʲô£
ںŭţ̹Ÿֱʿ
ѵ
ʿȻҲһѸӣ
ͣںе̹ŸȻһģһһ˿ķֱ
ںӲƴһǣʿȻûиˣֻһξ룬ȻֹסΣںٴɱ


1792 ξ
īûڵһʱ֣ɫϾĿЩʿǵܶ뷨ֵط޷ӳӦеīķˮͨȴûܵκѹơ
ԣī÷ˮͨȺС˵ܿ죬ˮͨΪīָһе𾪵ķ
̹Ŵ
ȺʿȻ̹ŴֱӵĹϵ
׼ȷ˵ǣȺʿĻŷֲĹϵڷˮͨУīĻ棬ȺʿǴƾģ
Ǿʲô
īоܲ˼飬ΪۣȺʿӦ̹ŴΣ
ȺʿЩ飬Ҳȫˣ
ǵıԴָĵطޣ
ޣǰ׷ݵĻͿҵԴͷˡ
̹Ŵξ
ʿΣ񡭡ӦøβŶԡ
ī룬ԭʿΣǱͷѹסˣ
Ҳ˵ʵֻҪˣͶΡǿʿȴԿξֳӰ쵽Լ
̹Ŵľ񱻰룬ѹγһ޽硣ĴԵУξҲûκεѹơȻΪ̹Ŵ̫ǿˣ
ξֱӵʵ廯ʵ顣
ҲͽΪʲôÿɱһ飬ͿǿһΪ̹ŵĴߣ
̹ŴͬһԴ
ξɵ鱻նɱ֮󣬻ޣγԭʼһȻ󣬱ֱյˡ
ʱǱߵںǸʿ֮䣬Ѿɱѽѷ֡˼ǣдʿûгֵ˼ֻգĿš
ںһսƶóĹҲ಻ʤڸʿսĹУȴһ˵⡣ǾǣԷʩչĵͷʽȻǿҵĿơ
ȻĻƾ˫־޴Ĳ࣬ͰǸʿˡ
ָоںоܲˬһģЩꡣ
֪УһΡθӰ쵽ˡ
īòڰںСģȻ֪Լƶϡ
ںŭһֱһѪѪҧԼ⣬Ȼġ
ˣǿ˺ܶࡣ
һΣٴʩչ̹ſʱѾĿԷȻ֪һҪնηȻǰ˷
ֱױȣں鲻òī۽ǻۣȻȺ
ΪҲֻ̹ԼϤЩʽġһʼЩ飬һЩûôߵǻۣȺʿͬԣںһʩչ̹ſ죬ʿʱ򣬾ͻֱ˿˵ĸо
ãξչξǲ̹Ŵ־ԣڳī֮ںֱӸı˲ԡʼȫʩչԼӱѧЩ
һ£ֱѹƵĸоСˣ
ȻԽԽ˳֣ԽսԽ£
̹ŸֱӽǸʿ롣
ʿʬ壬ֱע뵽ں嵱С

ں鷢һ
ī漴Щŵʵôˣ
ںϣ¶ϲ֮ɫϣɱǴ󲹰һ飬Ȼ֮ǰһֻ󣡡
ʱȺʿȫŭˡÿһʿϣ޾ıʹͷŭ֮ɫ
һΪ׵ʿȵ޳֮ͽȻҵԪǻˣһϡɱǣ
䣡
ϰٸʿֱӷ˷Ĺ
īں໥һۣȻתͷܣ
Щ鵱治ҪѰʿǿϰٸʿֱӱһɾĳ
һ׷սīں˶൱ǱΪǲʩչ̹ŵĴСһʩչͻᱻơ
ֻʩչԴǰѧ
ãīĵں̹ŸҲԵ
һһߴһսһֱ߰˸ôá
ϰٸʿֻʣʮǿġ
ǵУ¶ŨŨİ֮ɫͬʱԳīں˵ĺ⣬Ҳ˿̹ǵĳ̶ȡ
ȻξɣȻɾˣ
İ飬һȺĶ֡
һݲϵʿ俴ųīǾɱǣҲΪǱ𣡡
һŮԵʿ˵Ǳģ
棿ںǾҵĳ鴤ţָȺʿǲһȺξɵĶʲô棿
ǡξɣʲôͬѪ꣡ǸŮӴǳ⣬Ȼں鷢𹥻
ʣʮʿҲȫˡ
ⳡսóīںȫ޴۴սϣǴӾϣõ˾޴Ľ
ʮʿҲȫɾ
ǸݲϵʿǰޱȲʵҵȻξҲʵ飬ɱǣһпıȻǱ𣬲Źǵģ

ںе̹ŸޱȷУĻʿͷ­ССԴ
Ȼ뵽ں嵱С
ֱʱڳһ
ⳡսȻ˼ںһп˵治֪ǿе棬ֽǺεǿĴڣ
ī˵ǵˡ
ںһ
ʱ򣬴ͨֱӴһ졣
ˣ
ţʼ
ˣ
ˣ
ˣ
ںʱǳ鴤Źˣ
ǳƵľ죬ԽԽԽԽ
󣬴ͨľͷ߳һ޴ƥӰ
Ҫͨ
ÿһͨ൱޴һ硣վͨĴϣ̧ͷͨĶ񷶼ûʲôֱ
ȻӰȴ˵ľ޴
һ㣡
ͨ
ʲôںһ͵ĿӰȻе̹Ÿһնȥ
īֱʩչ̹ͬе߱죬һնӰ
¡¡
ͨУֱһ춯صĲ
ȻӰӣʧˡ
ںȻ䷢һҽУΣֱӱһɿֲ߷˳ȥڰУںͿѪϵĹͷ֪˶ٸ
Ȼ󣬳īе߱죬ҲնһӰ֮ϡ
Ӱ֮ǰЩʿûκηֱ
ҲôС
ѵ
һ޴Ľӵ𣬳īе߱죬Ȼնһ֮ϡ߱־ķâȻûܽ׸նˡ
֪СΪŹԵͿɱɣ
һ޴ĺǳȻһɿֲƥķųīȻӿ
ţīΣҲֱںһֱӵɳȥ
ôô
ī屻ɵһ˲䣬Ժֱһͷ


1793 һĵ
Ϊ֮Уܽīںһƺȥ飬Ǽûˣ
٣統УǲӦôġôǿ󣿾˲֪Ľ飬Ҳûֱ°
īһ˵ܹʤһһȲʤȯģ
֮ǰͶӰ޴ʿȻһƾͰˡȫǳīûа취ģ
ߣ֮
Ǹʿ滹ֹţҲͱ֮ǰߣ΢ǿôһˡʲôʸ̹źԾӣߣȻܹõ̹ŵĴУ𣿡
˵ţ󲽵īȻٴƣһīüġ
īҧֱʩչһ
Ȼ̹ŵĴлᱻѹƣǾʩչģ
߹ЦôɵĵҲҵǰۣ
飡
īΣһαżһСһƳˡһݺײͨǽ֮ϡǽϣһǿҵĵīߣֱӵһߡ
īоһķڡһҪѪĸо
һīǿȶסΡǱߵں飬ҲڻվڳīԣȻ̹ŸݵīСԣ
ī˲Ͷں˼Ҫ׽̹ŵĴʩչ
Ȼ֪ô᲻ЧʱҲֻҧţһˡ
ī߱콻ֳ֣̹Ÿ
Ѫĸоóī̹Ÿû˿İС
ˣ
ī̹Ÿֱʩչ̹ſ졣
ͨУ˲ųһޱ貵Ѫɫ֮⣡
ͬʱīֵ֮߱ϣǿҵ̹֮ŵֱںһ𣬺ݺһնʿ棡
ߵУһĨ֮ɫ棬ȻŪ֪ͨˣôУġ֣ҲɳΪ̹ľˣҲ񣿡
˵ţٴγ֣һΣĹֶΣǿᡣ
ס̹ŸͬʱҲס߱죡
С⵶⸫Уֱһ־޴ĳ裡
ƾֶƾʲôܹʵ̹ŵ־
ֱ£ֵһŵİ׳գȻΪȺˣʵͱ
ǶȥɣǻϣֱǶһ裡
һ߸īһޱȶĳԳʹ̼ųīÿһ仰ޱȵĿ̱
ǳīԵˣ֮Ҳ̲סҪĳ嶯
īб侲ޱȡ
ʼԼй͵СһȣΪԼѾЩͷҲΪԼѾںǡ
֮ǰսУҲʹõĵӦ֡ԣԼҲ
ֱͿ̱ǿʿ棬īףԼġʵԶ
ߵǿƥڱƳīǱܵͬʱҲƳ˳īе㣡ڹȥȫδֵЩȱ㣬һΣȻȫ¶˳
Ǳߵں鼸ɵۣûīս˽Σûܴӳīռˡֻķڷѡ׷īΪīһ
˿̣ȴͻȻ䷢֣īϵĵͷʵͬҲ൱൱©ģֻǳīս̫ǿˣľ磬ͱƲīЩȱȻҲҲī©
ͷڡ̵𣿡
νԹ壬īǱ߱Ƶޱң͸оκϣںУȴǷ֣ƺڵ̳īкöΣԸݳī¶ֱӹȥȴûһֻһַʽīǸ㣬Ȼ赭дķŹˣ
Ȼˣ
ں鿴˰죬ڿȷʿ棬ȷڵ̳ī
̵ֵķʽŶ񶾵̫ͣˡȴòϣַʽóīڷɿĳɳͽš
󣬾ں鶼Щˡ
޲Ǹ̵
Ϊֶֻ֣֪ԼȱʲôԼ
ĻԼҪҳЩԶܣ
Ⲣ˵һǿĶ֣顣
ǿ󵽲ɵֿĶ֣ͨ˵ֻķʽ
Ƿȱֻ֮Щչɱ
ںҲ֪ԼĻ¶࣡ңīô̵ʱӵ˾޴Ľͳɳ
˹֪֮ںͷǳ㡣ر֪֮
ųīںǹеӦߡܹ鵱УӱһȻһ
īʱҲеߵ⣬վĽǶȺϣȴǲȷ¡
ΪߵĹʵ̫ˣУҲܵ˾޴Ĵˡ
ȻڲϵЩȱ㣬ȻѸٵĲЩͲ㡣֮¶⣬ൽóīŵͬʱҲЩԽܡ
ѵʵҡȻôô
ѵϵȱ㣬ȻൽֵزڹȥΪʲôȴûз֣
ߣߣŻʲô˼һѹضȥѾҪˣʲô˼ˣ߼Ķ࣬һ̱Ц·϶ۣ
˵䣬ߵϣȻֱӱһɺƥĿֲϢ
ϢԶţ޾ĲͬʱҲ޾ѹ
̹ţ
̹Ϣ
۳īǱߵں飬ڵһʱ䣬Ϣ
أ
īԺУһ硣
һ˲䣬ͻȻġˣ
ûɵģԼЩ˼顣
ֱӶˡ
һΣеĵеķڳīԺУֱγһ壡
˵ԭЩͷһľӣǱīýӲճϵһȥġЩط룬Ѻۣһ㶼ƽۿԵĻ
ôڣһ˲䣬īĵͷԺУγһޱƽ˳ûһ˿Ѻ۵ոµľӣ
⾵ӣԽīеĵȫ
ңյ÷ֺ֣
ָо̫ˡҲ̫泩ˡ
ֺĸоóī鲻Խľ̹Ÿ߱죬ߣһȥһնȥ
˵һ˲䣬īͻȻʶӦû뵽ǣʿ棬ɢ޾̹ϢߣȻֱǰһֱӽڵ֮¡
ʱ򣬾īҪ̹Ÿ߱쳷Ҳˣ
һǰлͷ·ˣԥʲô
һ仰ʮͻأĳڳīľʶСһ̣ʱ䣬·𶼱סһ
̹ʱ䣡
ܣⲻǹīһ¾֪һͨ
Ȼһ̣īȫ⻪ţͬһȼյգ޾Ļ⣡
̹Ÿ߱죬ͬʱնߵ֮ϡ
Ȼߵ壬ֱӱˡ
޾ľһӿīǾͬ󺣣˲佫īû


1794 ֮¼Ԫ
ЩУ̺ŴϢϢ֮󣬾īڶʱڣû취ա
ȴ׽һ൱ҪϢ
ʿ棬Ȼ̹Ŵһ־
ξĻ
һ־Ѱ־
ǣ̹Ŵġ־
ֽǳī֮ǰҲû뵽ġ˭뵽ֵطȻһ̹ŵĲд־ңǵԭʼҲصı־
û뵽־ȻһַʽԼ棬ȻһַʽȫԼ
Ϊʲôīķʡ
־Ѿ鿪ˣ׵뵽˳ī嵱С
޾ľųīһǰδеĸоԳīļָоޱī·𿴼һ޾嫵Ļ棬ַ·ʲôûпƻ棬ƶǶĸоóīһ˲䣬˼Ķ
ͬʱī壬Ҳɾһεĸˣ
ʵ֤һ£ûνļеģֻԼƿ
ںһԿֱ£ڻûŪ⵽ôһȻǱߣ϶ǷһЩı仯
ΪվںĸܵīɢǹɲͬѰǿϢ˵֮ǰĳīں鿴ֻһǿˡôڣƾһϢͱǿ̫࣡
īսͷȫˡ
īվȫ״̬֮С
ͬʱҲڲϵĸ֪ǵ־еĺϢЩϢУī֪˺̹ܶŵƽУΪԭʼҲΪ̵Щ䡣
ڸ֪ЩĹУī·վһԹߵĽǶȣ̹Ŵкܶ࣬ͬܡȻվԹߵĽǶȣȴȫ˽ȥ
󣬳īЩֲԼǳī̹š
ʱľʶУһļ¶Ȼѹˡ
˫ۣںһֱվڲԶΪīһůʵ˶ˣ
ں˵ӦúܾˣǸ꣬Լʮʱ˰ɡ
ī̲ס¶һĨЦ֪ԽǸԽˣһʮ꣬򼸰ǧꡣ
ԣжߣָ൱Ǹ֪ԼԪʣ¶١ˣĶߣȥʱ䡣һ㶼ϦϦ
߰ɡī̹Ÿں顣
ȻʹõĻЧںʹú̫࣬ٻǿʮϾںıСң浽Ҫ̹Ÿʱ򣬳īҲʱùá
ںӹ̹Ÿʱ򣬶ЩԥųīҾϵУܹӳ
־ûǱںһˣԼī֮Ĳ̫࣬ˡ֮ѡ׷īΪӳīϣ˸ϣ
һ֣ԼɲˣȴԣԼֺȥʵֵϣ
īҡҡͷ̹ſúţ浽Ҫʱһȡߣ
ںͷУѾû˲ֽȻܡ
漴ЩɻĿųīҪˣ
īҡҡͷѾˡ
ˣںһĲţʲôʱ飿Ҿһֱ￴ţҲû뿪ôˣ
ȷˡīصЦЦ߰ɣȥ֮أȻ󣬿ʼ衢硣ڣ磬ǵˣ
ںһ𺳵Ŀųīȴûٶʲôڳī󣬴˳ȥ
˵Ҳ֣ǳȥ·ϣżһЩ飬Щ飬ȴûٶȶ˷𹥻ǸĳصϢȫ˱ˡ
˻صԨ֮ʱͷĲϣȻƮɺѪꡣ
֮صϿգȫƮѪ꣬Уһɰ˵Ϣ
ںһ𾪵ĵϣġ˰
ֳѾȥ֤ʲôˡ֮̾£ǵĵҲѾ뵽Ƭ֮䡣ԣȥ콵Ѫĳ
ǳ˵ġޡ
֮أⳡӲϵޣһƬС
Ƭϣ澳ʿʵкܶࡣǵʵȫΪǿ󣬵ȴΪͳ̫õ£ǵеľˣѾԼжǿˡ
֮䣬ǿʿеãȻ
ͬʱҲһЩԭʹҰĵˣ
ʱڣûγ̫ĲΪֱڣû֪Ǹɱ֮ˣĶ
Ҳû֪ǸǷήٵǰ
ԣһЩǿʿҪʲôڻ㰲
īƮƮѪ꣬΢΢ü˵ȻˣͰתֻȥˡʣôһͷʲôָԶסطֽ֮أǷܹҲ֪ǡĴڣǣֻĹͶѡ
ųī仰ϣһƣһϵĵ˳ųīбȻ˷ϵɢȥ
еѪ꣬ͣˣȻ󣬰ɫգһġָյ
ںվڳīߣͬ񼣵һĻ¶ָпӰһأȴī赭дУ֮ص򣬸һ飡
ˣԶᶮīһж¡ˣȻף׷Ӣ꣬һ̣ѾΪƬϵˡ
󣬳ī·ּ
֮칬֮Ϊе顣ǲ塣Ծݹе֮£ͼռ硣ǶѾīΪ֮ͨ·һƽĴһ·ɳ񣬽֮ءΪ壬Ϊ̹źᡣҵ̹ŴУе顣һ磡壬Լе顣ӵһƬԼľĴеϢ֮ͨ鼮ķʽݸ顣ȿɻ֮ۡԱԪġһУΪʵ
īֱ֮ⷬصϿգγһ޴ƥĽɫּ
֮ص޾򣬳
һϷ
֮صκһ䣬ĿһС
ּ£
֮ɥ֮ɻ֮ˣڿīһּ֮ȫѡ˳Ĭ˼
飬˶һ֪
֮Ƭ֮ϣʿ಻ʤһЩϵĴ˵ǻǶġֻЩ飬Ϊ̫Զȫ񻰺ʹ˵
񱻳īᣬԭ񻰺ʹ˵ȫµ塣
ͬһսᣬųīּ֮ϣֱӿһµļԪ


1795 һ˵ľ
ˣԸʵ
˿һ··еˣôʸ֮ص
ֱ̫Բˣ
ܷһķּأ
ܿ죬֮ϣʼһɷԳī˳
Щˣȫ֮ľɲû취Լ˵˵Ϊһ˵͵ȫ̷ǹһУ
ǵҲ൱ᶨģ϶˳īɱ֡һħͷ
īɱǵɱǵȻֱֻǣ浱֮صʿɵ𣿡
ַīΪ֮𣡡
㽫ȫɱ⣬Ȼõ֮صϿɣ
ַ˷쳹֮صĽ֮ϡ
Ƭϣ̫֮ǿˣռžԵλûκܹ֮⡣ԣȻ֮Ѿ䣬Ҳͬߡ
ĴԣֱӴһЭ顣֮޾Ҫη飬Ժ˵ؼһ£Ȱѳīɱ֣ħͷ
ãҲҪīԶ֮
Ȼͨ磬Ǿ͹ȥͨ磬֮ͨȥ
֮ӭ㣡
ǲųīܹЩȫɱ⣬ΪǵУӴ
īǿҲһ˶ѡðɣߣһ̹ŸˣҲǿ󡣵ĻûǵĶ֡أ˭ǵ
Ͳˣܹùֲ֧ľš
ңĴĸ߲УͬҲԼܹīɱȻõĽʱ֮ؾ뵽ǵСʵսˣҲ£
Ϊī߿֮ʵ̫ˣ
ô֣ô۲ŴԣҲҪΪȥִаɣ
ȻĻʲô飬ȫƾһȥԷҲġ
ԣĴĸ߲ʿ棬ǽɹ˿ء·ġ
ںֻһ顣
ûʲô˵ģɱҲͳˡϣûһֵˡνİ֣Ҳֻʵˡںһ˵ʵ⣬Ҳԭ򣬲ҵΪõ淨ﾺ棬ûʲôáʲôͿ԰ݻŵģӦṋ̃
ںⷬЩƫʵϣ˵ȴҲе
īͷȻҪġھˡеЩˣĿǰʺϲ뵽ⳡս
ںһ˵һ˾͹ˣеЩˣؽɡϣս
ں˵ţϥ򵹣ųī˵ϣǵʱ䣬Զûôࡣ֮䣬ȻĴע⡣˵Ĵĸ֣ʱѾʼϸˡԣҪЩ˸֮ǰȶס硣磬ңҲ̫ĶһáҪһ֧Щ鷳ˡսһֹġ
˼ǣīں顣
ں鵭˵նס
īں飺㡭Լౣأ
ĺˣںһе̹Ÿ
֮أ֮ʱԪꡣī´ں飬һˣԳһֱɱЩߵӪС
īʼѡأҪѰһʺϵĵطΪݵ㡣Ȼ󣬽еЩˣε뵽
磬Ѿ֮Ӱ̫ˣҪһʵѪҺıеһС
̹ŵĴߣ·ǡ
ʮ֮󣬵һݱ
ԳƳī´󽫾ں飬һˣǹƥɱ뵽ĴУһѪսնɱ澳ǿߡȫˡ
Ϣֱ֮ء
ֱʱܶ˲ŻؾѣͻȻ䷢֣ԭһˣҲԶԿһ֧ӵġ
ף֮أһΣǳױˣ
ĴУдǿߣȴںɱ
һһֱͬ·ǰ澳ʿֵ˶һͷ׷ױɱˡңںķǿ˵Ĺ䵽ϣȴûһ㡣
ɱ߸Ĵ澳ʿ֮󣬴ߡң֮ǰھЩˡ
ɢǵľӣΪȻȻǲصĺǣܵ羡ͷҲǸڳֿɱ
ڴ֮ǰû˻ںвɱ߸ԵĲ߲֮ⷬȴвʿеп־塣
Ĵ˿ȻûеʧȥĵĵزҲԶˡܶ˵У⡣
ʣһЩʿƴİţ˵ںߵһ̣Ѿ׵ıˡ
ʱīҲѡһط
λ֮صԭ֮Ľ򡣵Ƭطȴ̺ｮ򣬼ȫ޴ƥɽǡɽм䣬һƬƬ󺣡к嫵ƽԭ޽ɳĮطҲޱȵŨ
Ϊ֮ʵ̫ˣ֮صЩ˵޽硣
īѡΪ÷ˮ֮ͨصʱ򣬷طķˮΪء֮صԴͷ
һȫʼ
Ϊʲô֮ЩûｨǣڳīӦЩ˶ѹסطˣ
Ψ̹Ŵߣѹסˡ
ˣ֮Ҳ᲻ġ
ԣīֱӽδĶǣѡ֮š
ϺиϵʿгеЩˣһ߳
ϺиϵʿΪǸѰĴ棬ȫǵĶ֡ǵĵУȻһ۾ͿطĲͬѰ
ЩˣȻû־磬Ҳطǳá
ϵʿüңųīôˣ
ϺţȻûзʣȴͬųī
īͬ򵥵ķʽϢ飬֪ڳЩˡ
ϵʿйâ˵𣡺ããã
Ϻŷţ棬һ޾µ飬Ҳɿţӷ𡭡
ˣϡħƮŮۡꡢˮͮЩˣ򼸺ȫϢ𺳵Ա򶨡˵
УȻѾȥ˺ܶ꣬Щ˵ҲʲôԣǶȥ룬Щ굱Уī׾ļ̶ֳȣ
֮ȻȫѾˣ
ֱ޷ţ
ɿΧĻֲòţһУģΣ
ϵʿʱīǳ˵Щͬգһһʲô


1796 
ƽ֮أȻѲ硣磬װУܻĴеǿһὫǣһһɱī˵ȻһһЩʱ䣬֮ص׼γһʵķЩףӦʲô˭ĵˣ
Ȼأϵʿųī
ī˵ȻһȥѰ̹ŵĴУֱҳ׵õȫУһȥֻҪõһ磬ſĽֻеʱ򣬹磬Żᷢĸı䡣
ӷʲôϺкټֱӱ̬ųī˫ȱ۾лȼ
ϵʿҲųīܹʲô
īЦЦ̻񡣡
ϵʿüһ͹˰ɣ˵Ļ
ϺУزشȱżؽνˣ飬ʵǲ⡣ϵʿųī飬Ϻʵóġ
ӷѣ㲻͵֪˶ɻԶҲŷһ̡Ϻ˵⣬Ҳûм˵
ΪҲҪˣҶס
īͷǵģԣλǰˡ
Ϻҡҡͷ飬оͿܶ֡ǸӾͷǳԺǿӵĻſ°빦
ϵʿ΢΢һЦӵѡҲѾˡ
īϵʿϵʿ˵һСӣǰЩ귢ֵһӡǳ㡣
īͷЩ飬λǰñǡ
ʱʫͻȻĿųī˵ʦĳ𣿡
īͷǵģǱɱ
֪ʵɱҲ㡣ʫžϣ¶ְ֮ɫ˵ʵһǲġȻȻҵĳˣˣҲеġ
ȥʫľ콾ѾɳΪһ̫۷ʿּܴﵽļΪҲֻһˡ
̫ˣ㵽ֱâֵز
ԣûжˣ׵Ŀ
īȴķ֣ԼĶӳ֮䡭ƺЩԾ
ʱʫ˵ʦ칬Ǳߣ룬ĻӦûһЩ˵һЩˡ˳ǡϾԺ󣬻Ҫõġ
ã£ͽˡһҪעԼİȫī˵
ʱ򣬳ǰһųīҿԱʦá
Ǳߵĳͮ͵ЦһԼĽ㣬ǳ˳飬ȻɫЩ΢졣
˵ҲЩΪ⺢ˡѾȥˣͣѾԵһˡڳīǰȴȻһûгĺӡ
ī̫ˣ
ǰܸ罻ģҲֻеЩˡ
ܿ죬Ҳ׷״ӱչ״̬߳īһӵЦտġ
ӵľ磬겻Ҳ̤̫ʥҲѾ澳
ʥӦɳΪ̫Ͼǿˡ
кܶˣ֮ſһ˲䣬ͶѾ֪߷ı仯Ȼ󣬷׷׳ءϸߡ
Ʈ칬Ⱥˣȫˡ
磬ܿͱˡ
ԭͨЩ̫ϾĹ棬Ҳī档
֪ԼƬأѾ֮ʱܶˮ
ȻʿеĶڣȴûԼгһգܹ̤ƬĴء
ڹȥĴ˵У֮أľĲ֮ء벻гһգȻҲվƬ֮ϡһԭͨе̫Ϲһп˵
īЦʲô֮أֲɽ磬Ҳ硣
ħ˵ϣĴɽ𣿡
˴˿Ҳȫī
ī룬˵򵽵ĵ뷨ɽֵطϡӦǴڵġǾԲάȡӦһĿռ䡣һУġһҲûа취뵽Ǹȥ
ħͷЦ˵Щ飬ʵֻҪ֪ҲͿˡܲܽ뵽ǸռȥⲢҪ
û׼䣬ÿһ˶֪лʵۣһҲʵۣ˻ʵۡһˣҲûбҪǵȥ׷׷󲻵Ķ˵ģСЦȻħҾãֻҪЩˣܹԶһ𣬾㹻ˣ
ǰڳˣȫͷ
˵ѾԵļ԰ˡ
վڳϵԣУЩѾ׻ָˡžĲõ⸱Ǽܣͬɵһ㡣˸űĹ⻪
ҲѾһ澳۷ľͷˣ
̫־磬Ҳֻһ֮ңңĳáʵһĲ顣
īȺѰţȻʵأϹܼأôǣ
ǰһĳļ䣬ī˺²̫ࡣΪǰһĳ壬Ѿ׸ˡȻеЩˣ϶תΪĳˡԣûбҪȥ̫廳ЩѾΪʷĹȥ
ƺϹܼҲһǲ֤ʷнӹŽˡ
ʱ˵ɫЩˡ
ī漴һ£ҲĬȻ˵ȥǡ
ī˵ţһֱʧǰ
֮ͨص֮ţš
֮УҲֻд澳Ĵڣˡһʿ֮ſһᣬͻᾭܲס־޴ġ
ʱʫ˵ҽǰɣҶ磬ӦϤһЩ
Ұ㣡һ߹ȥ
˿ȫ̲סЦ
ӸǺֱܻ˵ʲôϲأ
ʫɫߺ죬ͷȴһԵĳ
棬̳ĸˮĶܶ࣬ΨԸ飬е׳ī
ˮĻ˵ǣҵĶﶼãǸⷽе̫ˣ
ҲȫЦſų
ӲͷƤңҸո˵ţǡ
ʫҪҸʦ˵
ʱҡͷ¶ôȥᣬͷԼ˵
ˮ̲ס˸ۣȻ˵ˣͷҸ˵УΪǱղžͿˣô¡Ѿ˵ˣ
ʫϴžϲ֮ɫͬʱмֺߡ
૵ҵôģ
ʱһһŮӵ˵ˣóװɵˡ
ͷһ¶һεЦݣùá
ǳ壬һ۳Ȼ̾Ϣ֪жٺգһպϡСӣɱѧ֪ʫѾˣϽ˼һ
仰ڳ˶
ѩһ½½áƣ
̫Ůӣࡢٵϲī
īӵĻѾ檳Ⱥ˵īóװɵԵ죬Ȼֻλӡ
ЩյĺգһˣӲϽκ˵׷
Ȼ֮Уе׷ǵˣҲû
ȿȡһգ˵ǻ̸̸ǺͶɡ


1797 Ƶִ
īһ˾վǰɫƽУһŨŨİˡ
Բûܸϣһ̡
ī
ϹܼҺʹƵķĹ
ʵڵīոջصʱϹܼҺʹƾѾӽ;ƿݵĳ̶ˣǸʱ򣬻ܻϣȫƾһǿִڻš
ϹܼڵȴԼүƵĵԼ˹
ǶǿִҪתعĳī
ԣʱһֱţǿĻš
īĹ֮ʵϹܼңǴƣǹִҲȫʧȥˡ
ֻ֮ô꣬ΪīøּƷĴҩöģϵĸϴ跥ëϵǵԪ
վ̫ˣ֮ǰЩ꣬еľȫڵȴīִˡ
ԣڴͨ磬֮ϹܼҺʹȫһ˥ߡ
УˣŬûסǡϹܼȲˡ
ʱ߼˶ˣȻϹܼʲôԸҪҪѳīлϹܼҾܾˡЦ˵ءүôǿ󣬿϶ҵת϶ҵңȻ֪ǰ֡
ô꣬ҲȥתˡźûүһһΣڣҲûʲôźˡүʲôʱʲôʱ¡ˣҹƣҲ첻ˣʱ򣬰ҵԡ̫ˣϰдƵ顣õĻ飡
ȻϹܼҺЦȥ
ߵĺܰꡣ
Ϲܼߺû죬ƾˡ
Ϲܼһͬߵĺܰꡣûһӡ
󣬳ˣĺɽҲһˮ֮ء
īվĬš
תֻô
Ȼеģ
ҵ
Ȼܵģ
ʵϣת֮ȻδģʵϣȴѾǸˡ
һ£ת֮ϹܼңȻǰһļ䣬ǸϹܼת֮ĴƣܲһһֻϻһˡôǱǰһļ䣬ֽԴأ
ԣֻ̺ܣҲûܹ⿪ڳīУֻ֮󣬾ȫһȫµĴˡ
ѽҲǰֻһī˵ǷĺˡҴӦǣһὫһ̵ʱ䣬Լǰ֡ȻԼѡһĻ
Ϊֻܹת֮ϹܼҺʹһ㡣ȻĻĵѾȫܺϤһ֡ȥǰļ䣬ʵ˵ҲǱȽϲпһ¡
󣬳īʼʩչͨǿֲһ˲䣬ɨ硣ûгīԤϣ磬ûϹܼҺʹƵӡǡ
ȻתЩȥˡ
󣬳īʼǧѰ
ڵľ̫ˣѰҵٶޱ֮졣
ָоȫѰʿġգ֮䣬īѾѰҡ
ҵϹܼңֻʱϹܼңһҲѾһʮˡīͬȥǰģȴáϹŴЦݣŪżе
īЩķͬʱķȻҲ̫ͬˣ
Ϲܼҵľ粢ߣɾ硣īóֻ֮Ϲܼҷǳġ֮֡壬Ϊ
£ʵϹܼҾ䣬ʵһ൱п顣
īЦҡҡͷָһһֱӽϹܼҵ嵱СһˡһֻصУֱӾȫļ䣡
ʵϹܼ˵ӦһĽˡ
󣬳īҵ˴ơ
һóīе
֪ƵжٵִΪһĴƣȻһ
ӣһȥϵëɫûκεĸı䣡
ƹ
ңתֻصĵطȻ档
Ǹ棬ԭѾһտˡΪըԣڶȻǳơڵ꣬īеʱΪԼĹһƬߵ档Ҳ֮ϡ
ȴû뵽ЩƵУȴֳ˸ָ顣ͬʱҲиָʿ
磬Ϣī̾û˵˵ͨ磬ȻŸָءһҵȫӵ硣
⻰гī˵ˣͨ磬ûбһƵ硣
ҵռ֮ͨû꣬Ƿ֣ѾȫˡƻֱӾͱõ̫ࡣ
ԽԽ飬ͨ統УǶ֪Լļ԰û¸ɣƻԼ԰ģ
Ƶִǳأ浱УѾ˴ʥ硣
һֻ
ݺأûжٶָҸŸɡ
ܼįûѣֻԼſɽ֮ϣͷ޾ǿգʲô
һĻīûԥֱӳ֣˴Ƶļ䡣
أֱվ۾ˮȻޱȼͷ޾

﷽Բ޾飬ƵĽѣȻаԸ̣Ĺַˣ
һΣҲһƵĽ֮󣬴ƾʧҲûгֹ
īֱ˺ıϣƸ˳
Ʒһ˲䣬ֱӷ˷ܵȮ֮һɫ磬ųī˹
ī֮󣬴ǿŴԴīϲȥ
̫Ҳ̫ˣִصӰ쵽תֻ֮
ͨ£īתֻصּ˼֡
ʱ򣬿һĹѾ֪һ¶һĨİˣȻ̧ͷī
ϹܼʱزīЦţӣŴƵͷ㲻һڰһС峤أȻ粻ߣȴúܿûϵѾʩչֶΣһߵͷʱ򣬻ȫļ䡣ȻһԸع飬ȻٶȻٰӹ
ĵͷȻųīһ
īЦţЩ귢飬ķʽݸ˴ơ
Ƹ˵òϵҡβͣǳġ
󣬵īŴƣʱȫˡ
𣿡
⡭ǴƣĴƣ
ֻдʥء
һȺպϤƵĳˣȫһΧŴתתȥġ
Ƶ۾ſ֮ɫһ㶼İĸǴк
߹ųīʵôģ
īЦЦ˵Ƶִ̫ˣ
ִ̫
ȻЩ⡣
īͷִӰ쵽ֻ֮һС
˼
ʱ򣬴Уٴ߳һˣԶԶģͶԳī΢Ц˵ֵܣɻǵң


1798 Ȼǳ
īŤͷһûаԥֱ¶΢ЦӦúܶǰͼģ
һ£ģ൱Ӣ˼ǣͷȻҲѩƤҲܰףʹȥһޱȴĸо
ף
ˣͬҲ嵱УֻصһԱ
īһֱֵܣֻعȴû
ڳڳīǰѾɾ̫Ͼ磡
ˣҲһ൱ǿˡ˵ӦͻعߡΪô˵һУõģ
ƫ֪ʲôطô꣬Ȼһ嵽̫Ͼ磬ſϳڳīǰ
׵ϣȻһĨʧ֮ɫ
ųīһ̹ϵĿЦԭһֱЩôҶתֻˣô͵վͬһϡң˵ľ֮ҷ֣ҵ㣬Ҫߵö࣡ԣһֱ룬ܹĸһЩȻгһգ԰ﵽ㡣ͬʱҲԲϱһֱҪԽִû뵽ٶѾôˡȴȻ㡣ҳɾ̫ϵʱȴ֣ѾվڸߵС񡣡
īЦҡҡͷԵɺϡ
˵Ҳô˵죬ҲվһֵܣȻȥֵһЩˡǶǳһĺˡǵļϣӦеͬκ͵ӡȻô㣬ȴһЩܼ顣׺̹ϣֱˬ
īҲϲԸֱӵͷӦ
ʱħԶɹųīֿһ翪֮ţһֱţ
īͷԾ֮ŵģǼʶһҲáҴͨһʱ䣬ҲһѡĻᡣ
ħЦʵˣʱ򣬻ǻԸеġ
С߹ͷ˵УһֱİȫСһ֮ͻ֣ᷢԼСҲָоáԣûһˣ϶ǲԸ֮صġ
ǽ֮أĳɳ϶иôġħ˵ţһ۳īʼû߳Ļʲô磿
ī룬˵࡭Ҳ澳ɡ
ʵǶһ˭ҲɾͲ̫ϣħ˵
ʦѾҪΪˣīЦȻħʦɣ
ʦȴҵʦħܾ飬Ȼܡ
īȴҡͷЦʲôʱ򣬶ҵʦ
һΪʦΪʦ
ûħָ㣬ī˽Σĺ˵˵һܻزۡȻٶ޾ֻصСݶ飬ܵʲôʱ򣬳ī
󣬴߳ԽԽࡣ
Ҹ˾ְʼǣҪ
νǳߵ˼˹ͬԸ
ϣīܹΪǵ
ϵͬѾֲеÿһС
Ⱥ̫Ϲ棬ڳѧԺУҲǰĵǵĽ̵Щ츳ĺѧϰ֪ʶѧϰ֮ҲѾóꡣ
յЩԹԹҲµţʷʱ䳤еһС˻
Ⱥ˶ٶȼֱ̫ˡ̶̼µʱ䣬ƬϣĴǡ
ߵķչ֮صĺܶˡبϷǵһֱŵ֮Ҳÿһ˵顣
ôʱ䣬ǵһֱšκһ澳ʿġ
īȴԣ
һЩвʣǶԳīĴˣڼЩ֮ҲȫȻȥȻ˸īԵ˼ͲǶ֣
棬ںĻԻսҲ׵ĴЩʿǡ
ôʱ䣬Ĵĸ߲ɱ˸飡
ܵʲôطȥ硣һˣһЩʿȫɱӡ
ڣڵʮ칬Ǳߣһˡ
棬ȻʫайأںǿͬŲɷָĹϵ
칬ĵ꣬ߣҲڶʮͶ
Ǳߣּʮ꣬ҲֲסˡʣµЩ죬ʴͶ
֮Щɲ˵ͦġһֱûκͶ˼ƾںôǣ֮ľɲϵ£ȻûһҪͶġ
īԭʲô֮Щĸһ걻֮ӳֹλġȺ˵ĿУ֮Ψһ
Զܱѵġ
ѣͶҲûϵոͶϹеʿڵõһԼĻᡣӧҪȥ֮ء
ǣܶǰӦýеһսھһյ֮ٴλصԭĹ켣ϡ
ⳡսһٶꡣУںûв롣Ϊһ֮¾Ľ֮սǲȥܹ׵ĻɱЩ֮ĲҲûκġ
ⳡսӦԼʤȻһ
գ֮ľɲ˴
һսҲʾ֮ͳ֮صʱսˡ
ǧꡣ
ħɽ٣澳磡
󲻵һʱȺкܶˣ澳硣
Щ굱Уīں飬߱ÿһ硣ڸط
ͬʱ࣬Ҳÿһ䡣
īںҪ飬Ҫÿһ飬Լһ統С
Ȼٲ֮ء
֮Укܶ澳ʿô֮Ҳһ磬Ҳˣ֮˵ʵ
Ⱥ׺£Գīں˵ѶԶԶЩ͵ʿźס
ܹˣ˵һĺ¡
ΪδȺˣе
壬ʱѾ֮
޴Ĺųǣһǧ
񣬻е飬Ѿ൱ϡˡ
ǵ֮ţҲѾرˡ
磬һǧе飬Ѿī֮
Ѻ¹Ϲܼң
Ƭ򣬱֮еЩ˳֮ΪأǣΪǣ
īȻûнܹᣬȴ˵֮ĳ
˽磬ǳͨ磬֮ͨҲ˳Ϊ֮ǳ
ֻÿһΣ˳Ϊķȫͬ
ĳīʵУ֮
ʮꡣ
ڣһӹѪ
ںֱӴӱչ״̬Ȼóīһˣ̹ŸǰƬѪ
һ̣֮ϣеĴʿȫ֪ĴǱߡˣ
ǵУȫ޾壡


1799 Ĵˣ
īʱҲѾչ˺ܾáȥӭеģȴںסں˵³ĵģʮа˾Ҫ̽ʵСආȥӭУǵݣ
ī飬Ǻܿء֮أ֮⣬˶ܿ¡
˵֮ԹͳΣָ߸ϵoȫôĳīȫԼϣ˶˵һߡ
ԽԽأ
ʱƣĺܶܣѾ㷺
֮ƲµֶΣ֪
ʵڵǳս׶Σ֮صʿͶòԾˡôҳϣҲҳϵֵزѾˣоĸ£Ȼûһѱģϳԣ
Ϊʱֵֿ֮ѾǺһˡЩңҪսʾҳϡܴϵ£˶̬
ȰȰ֡
ǲ֪ԭ֮ȻеĽǿͨصİ鹩
ͬʱīĺܶ¼ҲеЩ˽뵽֮أ֮ںһ֮
һѪˣ
ͬԼİ
ˣ֮ص˶ú׽Щһ
ǳīͨǼ£֮صЩʿǴġԵī־磬Ҫ£ҪĴۡ
Ϊ£óīֱӴﵽ˶״̬
Щ澳ʿҲòīִơ
ЩС£˵īջǷŹЩյĳˣ˳ѧԺʦЩšؽȣͬ
Ȼ֮⣬̫̫ڳīĴ˵
Щ˵㡣
ˣһ֣һػµΰˣͬҲһѪ⣬ûгڡˡˡܸߴҲ׽
ػػǡ
ߣ˭˵һ֣
ûˣ
УǾûģ
īЩں飬ԣҲֱӴӱչ֮أһ߳ıԵƬѪ
ͬʱкܶ棬Էķ޾죬Ǳʱ׼Źȥ
ô꣬㹻ĴЩˣһȺ顣
Ĵ쵱У鶼аģ˶ǻġˣ϶Ǻˣ
۵㣬Ѿˡ
ں̹ŸѪУȻֱӿһΰӰѪҲǹľԱԵ߹
Ҳһ۾Ϳں飬ͬʱҲںе̹Ÿȴû¶κξɫ΢΢һЦ˵ѣҲܵģߣʼ⣬Ȼߡ
ں̲סЦһЩмĿΰˣͦ˼ģã˹磬㻹׳ȥô
Ҫ˿ں飬΢΢һЦ˵û뿪
˵䣬ֱӶںˡ
䣡
ƬѪռ䣬޽ķΧ֮ڣֱӳһ޴С
һޱȿֱֲں
ֹںû̫Ķֻһ
Ȼ󣬾ͽи롣
ƬգȻ̮޾Ļ硣
˸ں飬ûˣҲûٴԷ֡
Ϊ˫֪ⲻǶԷȫʵ
˵һЦôʸ𣿡
ںƲƲ죺ʵû壬ȷҵˣңûʸ񡣡
ýء֪㣬ںɴϽ죬ȥһöΪһ֮Ȼʧˣ˲֪ȴ֪Ҫõ̹ŴСһ֮߰ˣ󣬾Ȼ˵߹˼Ц
ںҲЦ߹׷ߡ
ңʵûġǴңֻһѣ֪֮󣬾뿪ԣѾ׼ˣҪ߷һ̹ȻĿųī
Ȼâ֣ںܿıġ
ںЦЦ˵ô̹Ȼǲ۸ҿʲô
Ҷ˵ˣҾΪ˴˵˵ңҲģαء
˼ѵΪϣӳ˷ĵҾͿʲôˣں̾˿ǲǾãɱˣе㲻ֵɱʹ죿
˵ϣЩɫ䣬Ȼˣ
Ҳûжôҵı飬ֻЩֵĵ벻ȻܿѵߣҲָߵȼķڰǣ
ںҡҡͷûзڰæǣ
üȻЦǣе鷳˵Ķԣɱ㡭ȷûʲô˼
ʵҲɱˡں˵ţٴζ˷˹
е̹ŸƬѪУֱӻ
ȻУնһױȵķâ
ΰˣڳ׵ıɫ̲סʧ㡭̹ŵǸߣȻõ̹Ÿ洫
ƨĸһ̹ſ죡ں˵ţһӣѾݺݵĶȥ
̹ŸͬҪһ㡣
޿ƥеΰˣҪɢĸоֱϵķȻ϶˾̹ŵĴߣҲûκԥ͹ǡ
ӿȵķֱӾҪﱬ
һַ̣ĵȴͻȻˡ
˵ϣ¶֮ɫıˣг˼顣Ϊʲô˲ķȻû˶
һ̣һŮӣУ˫֣Ͻӡ
ΰ֮ˣҲôһ㻭档
Ϊͷ­ͬ壬Ѿںһ׵׵ˣ
ȻһȻűһξѪһԪ񡣱֮󣬻ֱע뵽̹ŸС
ںһ䡣
ǷŮӵͷС㣬лл㡣
ŮЦЦ㻹ǽ԰ɡ
ֲǽС˳ںš
Ů΢Цŵɣ㿪ľͺá
ںĶͷϣֳߡ
ܶǰīѾԴڵЩ⡣аȫѹסȻһǣյԳۣ䡣
ȷһߵȼķңѾȫվڳīߵķˡ
ɱһߣںϣû¶κ֮ɫɫϾ
ֱӸīϣǸжˣ
󣬳īӰ˲ߣɫͬЩء
󣬳īһ۳ۡ
۵ͷ磬İɣһῴüҡҰ˴Ϣھʹݸ㡣
ãīͷ
Ȼں飺߰ɣ


1800 
ʱҲǱҪ뿪ȥѰ̹ŵľ񴫳ˡΪټȥ´ĴǱߣԴԴϵĸֽ뵽
ī꣬Աʱ֮衣
ͬʱ۽ǸںɱĴʹķ̲صܣҲݸ˳ī
ʹȻĴ֮һġںɴϽ£ҲһԱսһʿ
ҪĿģһĿģǴ̽еʵ
Ϊ֮ȫѾˣĴǱ߼ĲǲԾˣ˹鿴
һĿģǽˣ
ʿķ֮ϣǿķ˲ȫҪȷ˻ɱֱ֮֮¡
û뵽Ȼһֹˡ
ī˵ں飬ں˵ô˵ĴǱߣӦûûر顣ȻĻľһʿķ϶Ǳˣǵʱûôࡣ˵ѹĵطѾǿ˷УܻĵطĴ֮ء
ں˵ţųī˵ΪĴ統УҲвٵˣҪõȻܳΪҲԴϻþ޴ջܹܵ˲ࡣ
ī˵˵ǶںЩģ
󲿷ֵˣȷǵЩеˣ޿֮ĵġں˵˵ǱҪץʱ䣬ȡǱ߳׾˶Ƿɱ֮ǰЩȫꡣ
īͷ
ϾȻ
ЩչأʵӴͻƵߡ
ûгɹ
սѾױȣĵҲͬһ⻬Ҳκ覴á֪Ϊʲôľ磬ȴһֱͻƵߵĲΡ
ں˵ǵ˴磬Ѿǵܴﵽļ¡
ʵ컨壡
κһ֮·е컨壡
־磬Ȼô飬ҪǰߣҲءҪĴӴͻƳȥһֻ롣
ҲΪԣֶűҪ
Ϊһõȫֱܹһ̨ס
īô꣬Դ澳ľ磬ҪͻƵ߲жѣźᡣ
ܵõ˼̹еĴУսȫһֲ˼ľ磬ҪǰһȻޱȼѡ
£ڹдţҲѾʧȥԭ塣
·ȻһҲҪ·ˡ
īں飬˹Եޱȵճ·һǽڡ⳹׵ĸ
ں˵طǾ뿪ˣ
īʱҲǾһôתתʵһֱڹǻһʼ¶֪֪ȴʼûл뿪磬硣
īʵҲһֱ뿴һ磬ʲôӵġ
磬ʵں˵磬һΣ㲻һĴ硣
īͷȻںһ𣬼ǰС
Ŀճ뷨ǳճһÿǰһʮѡ
⻹Ϊ̹ŵĴУһˣԻǸӴ粽еġں˵
ڣ˵ıϴ
ں˵طǲ뿪˹磬ǰܺһƬ򣬾ǹͷˣ
īʱȡ߱졣
߱ᷢѪɫĵ֮ϣɢһɵİϢ
飬ڻ䡣ں˵
īʼ߱쿪·ǰıϣ߱ĵǰȻ˺ܶࡣ
˾һ·߱չһϣǰС
ھ˺ܳܳʱ֮󣬳īڸоҪ뿪ˣ
ں˿̣ҲЩһ˵ôõˣʱĳУǺܳһˡڳˣ
ϣ
īʩչ̹ŵնһ
ǰһȻ֣
ȻһԾֱӳǵ
һ̣վ档
ľ󣬼һ˲䣬ͽī׸𺳵ˣ
ΰ׳ۡ嫡
ۣ֮һſž޴ƥǳһǳֱ
ЩǳȫҫţһЩһֱȼŵĺǣɢ޾Ĺ
Ƭ棬޾
һƬƬƣ浱С
Ƿ·بŲʼմ
ƵУǺӡ
ÿһǺ棬ӵľ޴ǳ
ȷʵīɷ֮̾
ں龲վڳīԣʧĿšã˵˺嫵һ磬ܹɹĻô磬ǵľˣ
īͷ¶еغ棺һɹģ
ţûһɹںͷ
漴īȥ·𿴼һ¾޴ƥǽڣ
Ȼߣһ˲䣬ͳ޾ңԶĵطȻٴλȥǺ󷽣ȻһǽһһȻب
磬Ӵĳ̶ȣҪ̽ȫòͱ뵽Զĵطȥں鿴īʲô̲סЦ˵
Ȼųīһ𣬳ԶĺǿзȥһɳһôãȻվסŲʱ򣬻ͷȥȻԿȫò
Ҫ׿Ҫɳʮôˡں˵̫Ӵˡ⻹ûγһ硣γˣǾɳȥһ꣬ҲԿһȫò
ǰһĴУǻǧءīп
ûÿһ磬ʵӴޱȡ磬ֻͳɳС浽˴컯ٵ죬ĵطֱӾͻᱻǵġں˵ţȻ׼һ򣬶Գī˵ϣܸӦľӡĵط𣿡
īͷ
ʵϣڸոճһ˲䣬ѾԺĸӦľӡںηˡ
ʵһֱߵ
ʱ䣬īںˣ㳯Źӡĵطǰš
ʱֵطӱʧȥԭһһߣǺܶꡣ
Լʮ֮󣬳īͷһۣʱĿ⣬͸ǺӣǱߡѾԿȫòˡ
֪϶Ϊһˡ
Ϊʵ̫ˣ
īԼмһ£ڵ־磬⿪ȫķӡԼйǧ֮һС
ʵϣҲһޱӴȻˡ
ΰȻԵ̫Сˡ
ʱҲѾӽѹƬ
һƬеɳĮںңԶ˵


1801 һն
ں֮˵ǸطеɳĮûԭġΪƬ򣬳īӲûпһǳ
ڰ¼ţ
ƬգվڳīںλϿĻֻһָо
һƬ޵һҲκ
ԭʵӵġں̾һ˵ԭǸطޣŴǳмǺӴС꣬ЩΪܹԶķӡסľ񣬽ǳȫˣ
ˣǸЩǳˣīںʵ
ںЦҡҡͷϾÿô
ЩˣǺųơ˵ţīԼ̲סҡͷЦʲôֲû֮ҲãҲãǵΪʵж
Ҫ˵˫֮ĶԹڳī˽ʱЩ׷˵ǣѾĽ͡
࣬ı졣ī˵
仰˵ȥˡں˵ʵʵģԴˣǳˡӵ˸ǿľҲӵ˸Ԫʵ͸ܶߣķ˷УһĵȴˣԼʵҲǴӷ˵нġ
ī˵Ǹһ飬Ǿǡ䣬ֻصģ
ں΢΢һ漴˵ǰ䡭ֻصģ˲ѾԿԼֻˡԣٻֻسˣʲô顣ֻ֮ҲȻˡҲΪԣܶˣžԼԼ߸ϵġ
īЦǲΪѾֻصܣ
ʵġںЩĿųīϲûн˵ȥ˵̬ȴֱָơ
Ҳˣͬû˵ķ룬Щ˼ҲûʲôѲ¡ī˵ȴǾã䣬ûֻܹصİء
˵ţһңԶƬ¼źͺڰգ˵ĴҲãĽҲãǶֻصİءȻĻַʽǣֱֻ֮صšʲô鶼ˣ
ں˵ֻ֮ʲôطҲʵںɴϽ쵱ʱĹһЩϵĵ伮ֻ£ܶҲйָĲ²⡣еǰΪֻ֮ء䡣Ӧڸγȵ硣ЩԸάͷ˵顣˵ԣЩΪֻذصˣʵǾ֮ܰˡյģĳ̶ֳϣһӰˡ
ϵһߵ㣬ΪԼͷӡī˵ţȻǰȥ߰ɣȥؽ
ī˵ţΣһӾʧƬյСǰߣÿһ޾ңԶں۾΢΢һУףīոո˵ǷڳЩԴˡ
ǡΪԼƣ
Ϊ˵һ仰֮󣬳īûаԥֱӾͳ˳ȥ
ϵƣֱڽںֻܿīһӰӣȴܸܵǹɳƣ
һֲɵƣ
·Ƭؼ䣬Ҳûбˣ
ǡΨҶ𰡣
ںɫΪЩ졣Ȼ̹ŸҲһ·׷ȥ
ͬҲƣҲҪԼƣܹīϵȻһ˾ηĸ߶ȡ
̫ˡгīǰƶﲻīָ߶ȡ
ں̲סпЦڵУӱӦߵ֮
ī֮ȻֹЩ
īѾ֪ããġ޵Уһǿʿ˯ţ
һǿˣ
һΪѷɫִ֮ڡʮа˾ţӦҲһǿĽ̹ŵľӡ
ߣһֹһīʶܹǵķΧ֮ڣͷһ
ڷֶԷͬʱԷҲѾ
ǿʶֲܿʹ˫޷Է͵͵¡
ǸȻˣȴûжɫǼҪ۲īں顣ҪŪ˵ʵһ
ǣīں飬ǷԻ
ǸֱӾͱŭˣ
Ϊ֪İߣȻ࣡
ǵԴ֮У˶˵ıӣ
ʲôʱ򡭡ҲôĵˣҲˣ˭ʸ
Ҫһ˲䣬īǰˣ
һƣֱǴΪܵһڵ֮ϡ˸ոҪŭһӸѹסˣ
һˣҪʱͻȻðһˣֱӴĳһɤӡǹɻֱӾͻᱻѹȥȻ󻹻ᱻһ
ĺǻԷǿҵŭġ
īΪҲͬ
īƸǿأ
˵һ뷢ͻȻ䱻ԷڹؼϺһɤӣֱӰѻŻȥˡбǿŭʱȴͻȻ䷢֣һɤλȫ޷ƥеĴڣ
ֻһָоأ
̹žʿָо
£˾İࡣ
Ʊڵ㣬ֱ̫׼ˣ
һԭӼˣͻȻŻһ£ҲԻһ¡
ھ
˵ʿе㱻īƣѹסˣ
˭
ʿۿųīûȻԾƯƬա֪Էü
īû˵߱죬ݺһֱӾͶ˹ȥ
ϣ
һ˲ã
Ƭ¼գ޽ޱ޼ʡųīһնƬֱӱһѪɫĹâˣ
УֻʣһƬѪɫ֮⣬Ȼʲôˣ
ʿ־ŭֱչͨγһױȵķҪסīһ
īǣ¶һĨڽЦݡ
Ĵʿȷǿƣ磬Ѿ컨ˡǿҲǿޡ
һȫ֮һ
ˣȴǲִټӦսûȫ׼
ԡ
飡
ǵ߱һǰһ
ֱӾͱնˡ
Ȼ󣬳īһֱն˵ľ档
Ѱĵ˺һĴڡѵȴΪҲΪ׶һѵ
֣̹Ե
һ
ʿ֪ΪʲôȻûϳīѵԣױˡ
Ӵƥľ壬īһֱӾ͸նˣ
ն룡
Ȼûȴش
ʿһĲҺ
ʱԶգڳīĺ󷽣ٴһѪɫ
̹Ÿ
ʿҲ֮䣬ϳ̹Ÿ
һȻľ
̹ŵĴߡ


1802 
꣡
˱նľ壬һܵش
ںȻûгīôײУ̹ſѾ̫ˡѽָ¯ľءֳôһӿȥֱӾͽ˷ֳľеһ룬ٴοϣ
ʱ򣬳īĵһεˣ
һʿľ壬Ҳٴ
˲䣬ʿľ壬ֱӱ˸֣
ֶμֱײеˣʿǱعӡġÿһЩֻ꣬ġԣûо̹ǳսҲûмʶĶʿʲôġ
Ĵе࣬͵ҪСĽǵЩˡЩΪ粻壬ҲҸͻ
ԣʿĿ൱мһ˵ġУҲֻ̹ţһеǿߣ֮⣬ûһгϢġ
ֹ۵㣬
֪඼ôֲ飬Բô⡣
Щˣ˵ʵˣ
īںײеļһͲõκεϢľҪŪ
ʿԭһһ磬ҲһЩڣȴûۿЩһۡ뵽ԭ̹Ŵ֮⣬ôµࡣ
Ѿնľγһ޴ƥӰУȻֱӼһöīߡ
ͬʱһ춯صŭ𣺡ȥɣ
ںο쵽˼飬˲ڳīǰȻ̧е̹Ÿݺһնö
ѵ
꣡
һ֮öں̹Ÿˣ
Ǳߵĳīһɨȥ
һĿ꣬ʿ壬ײеˣ
ʿ벻ͣ壬ȥ
ն飬ˡ
ȻûѪΪԾڵģͬشˡ
ܷȴʵϣȴ㲻īһˡ
һʿī߱죬ֱٴնΣ
壬ʮصӡ
ʿţ˻ţҪ飬īںĹƵʵ̫ˣ
ЩһֱоҪιˣЧ
ִľĹʽĥֶ
ԣһΣڳīں˵ֱһʵսָоȫֺĸо
ʿֱӳ˵Ʒ
ƬգʿľҲ
Уͬ˲ʣͬڷšûáһ嶼ûС
īںѪһϵ֫ʿĥǿƥ
˺ųƲܱɱ
īںе̫ǿˣھĹֶΣҲ̫Чˡ
ʿҪߣ·ߣƬ嫵գѾīں˸׵ķӡˣ˵ľˣûа취ȥһ˿һ
ɡں鵭˵š
ǾһɱңǲŹǵģʿŭ
ںЦӻŹأ
ϣ
̹Ÿһն
ٵһ㣡
ʿľնƬ
īе߱죬ҲͬвϺն
ʿȷɱ£Ȼ֧˼мʮôá
󣬳īֱӼ¯вϵ
ʮ֮ʿϡ
¯ͮͮģ¯壬ֳһѪɫΪīһΣûκʿȫ¯ˡ
ҪԼҲ׵ļһĶ
Ǳ
īԻ¯˵
ˣ
¯Уĵݳ޾ңԶľ롣
󣬳īںˣԶȥ
ںڳīһ˷ܵ˵̫ˬˣָо̫ˣ
īһں飬˵겻Ҳɱ˽Ҳһ
ǲһں̾ϢһɱǸˣûôס㣬Ǵǧôáң;ƿˣͬҲ˴ֻ˵Ǹʱҵһ㣬ҵ־ᶨһ㡣ԣʤǸˣҡ
˵ţں鿴ųīһǸǹʮܰնɱǸľ磬λɱ˺Զء
ҲҪУֻһʼī˵
ںͷ֪
˼޾¼ŵߣһߣǺܶꡣ
Ƭ̫úˣ̫󡣸ûоͷں˵Ƭ棬ûб߼ʵġ٣û˵Ĵ統ĸڣҵƬıԵ
־ʿԽԾ˺գ˲һƬռ䡣˵ʵ̫΢ˡƴ£УҲֻ߳ôһľˡ
һ죬īţͻȻվסˣǰں˵һΣ
ں΢΢üҾ͸ӦһѵһҸӦģ
īһҶԸǸӦģԸһֲܼ
ںһЦϣС˰
Ǿͺãī˵ţֱŵ߳ȥˡ
һ߳޾ңԶľ룬գۼ䣬ξͳ׵ʧˡ
ţںͿڵȻ䱬һѤѪɫâ
īˣ
Ǹɴడںϣ¶һ˿Цݡϲָɴˣ
ţں鳯һط̹Ÿֱӳ˹ȥ
һΣǱߵʿӦҪһܶࡣΪǸӦīں˲䣬Ѿһ£ǰǸطӡʹߣ϶Ѿˣ
ȻĻǲܳ
ԣʿ־ŭֱӭ˳īںˡ
īˣ۳һһվѵŮӡ
úһѩ׵ĳȹƤ𪣬͸Ŷ˵ĹֻıǳĮųīŻ֮ȥ
ֵ࣬طһĺܲ죡
īһͿ˹ȥ
ôϻôҪɲΪ˸ȺǽʲôģΪ˽⿪̹Ŵľӡõ̹ŵľ񴫳еģ
ŮӺ𺳣ûмôǿƵࡣĿУ඼ųŸָͨҰģܲġ
ϲɢǿѹȾͶѾˡ
ȴܲһûҾȻᡣǴӶԷɢǹѪжϳݣŮѶԷһǿˡ
ֱʩչͨƬ嫵գֱǱһƬ𺣡
¶ȣߵ˼ĵز


1803 ƴ־
Ǵ澳ʿҲֲ˶ãܿͻᱻ
īϣûκһ˿ʹı飬еģֻ޾ı䡣
תеԪֱ֮ӽ뵽Ⲽ֮յС˲䣬һʵĸо
īֵ⣬ѾԽŮӵ⡣
һ˫У¶ޱ֮ɫҪʵʲôȴԷĵֱӾն˹
ŮӵӰͬ쵽˼顣ǿ
ӹɵġ
Ϊ֮ǰںûиӦĴڡ
ڳīǰǿȫûֳֻһ棬ͱīƵЩǱ
ʩչͨǿĻԷ򣬶Գīûһ˺óīˮĸо
ŮӺŭĺȣƬգһ˲Ǳסһ㣡
ͻȻ䱻ˣģǱһδ֪Ԫء
īҲож
ʱŮȵΪԼԪصĵͿݺ޴࣬ûֶΰɣ
ŮӺܵ⣬ոձīսеŵˡ
Ϊīһնĵ棬廮£һƬ䣡
Ůʱ򣬿ʼʩչͨҪīһ𣬸׷ӡס
ͨѾ޾ûʩչˡ꣬ǿһֱ֣Ӷȡһö˴ǿСҲǿһ֣õĹעΪĸ¡
ҲѾˡٹһʱ䣬Ϳ»صԼĽ֮ϣΪϵ
ʱ൱ʹ͡ЩʹͣģԼľ磬ܴһء
һҰĵˣ
ʵκһˣ˵κһŽȫźܴҰĵģ
Ƕ֪ҪԶһˣǵ棬ȫǹȻӰ쵽ֻأȴȫƿأ޷Ŀֻ̺̽ܡ
ԣǸͲȥֻأԼˣԼƿ֮С
һֻس࣬Ǹô죿
ֻأôֻԼԪҪԪ޳ֻԴУ
ԴȴȫǵС
ЩȻͬлõԴֻᣬȴ൱ãĴ쵱У̫ͬĵطܽġ
ŮӸī֮սеޱȵļҡ
ֶͨΣֱ಻ʤƿַӡĳīܷ˻
ֻ࣬һ΢ǿһˡ
īУ̺ǧֲͬɱÿһɱޱȵĿֲ
һһܵش
ī䣬ֳ߱죬ϵնԼЩɱ
Ȼʼ̹ž壬һ˲䣬һۻϢֱӽΧķӡȫ忪
ţݺһӡŮӣ
ôܣŮӵϣ¶֮ɫġ
꣡
īһ̫ˣ
ֱӽӡնһѺۣȻһĨ貵Ѫ⣬նŮӡ
ŮΪҪƿӡһʱīһ䣬壬ֱӻ˾塣

һĲҽС
ǿľ壬ȻīһֱӸ룡
գ
ŮشһС
ոûнתΪ壬ôīһǽ룬ȴ޿ܵصĴˡ
ԷȻ׼ôһǳľģ
һϵķȫĥģ
¡¡
Ůӹܳļӡ˺ֱӺȻɢȥȻ󣬳īӰֱӳ˳һնŮӡ
νľ壬ͷţκһطͷ
ԣīÿֱһһնȥ
ŮӵķνʵϣսѾǳīǿһˡ֮صͬҲδܹռıˡ
ԣīϣͬܵһЩˡ壬ͬҲѪ
īüͷûһ£ֵˣ˵ʵѾǼҳ㷹УУ飬ѾϰΪˡ
٣Ϊۡһüͷ
ЩǣȻӵ׿սӵгľ磬ӵޱߵķͨʵϣǶսͶƵĳȴԶԶīġ
˫ֶԹһս־飬͵ϮռıҲ޵ġ
˭
ں˵󣬴ұƴģʵ־
īսҲûǿŮ̫ࡣ֮ԻܹѹŶԷȥ򣬴Ϊǿֲ־ǿŮ̫౶
飡
ŮӵһֱͨӺڳīֱ档
īǿһֱϵĹǣȴ֮ѿһ϶
Ůӷǳ𾪣벻ԼǿƵһȻֻöԷôһ˺
īʱͬȭŮӵľ塣
飡
һȭֱӽŮӵľҳһ޴Ŀ
ŮٴηһҽС
УѾ⡣
ţȻѾǿֵز
ûоʹȥȻͼţҪشī
ͨҲȷīмܵĸоɳīķͬ
˫սǴĻ˺
Ǳߵں飬ͬҧ֧š
ոճīǾ仰е̼
īԸһֲܼ
ʲôֲܼҵҲƾ־ɱһ˽ʿðɣôֲܼס
ںûīī仰ȴǼֽ
޵е꣬ͬӲȱ٣
ںʿͬޱǿᣬȻŮǰǿƣȴȳīںǰɱʿĳЩͨϣҪǿʿ
ԣںʱ֮һεģ뵽˿սС
ü䣬ȴû¶η֮ɫ
Ͳսڡˣ
ںֱն̹Ÿ̹ſʩչ쾡µġǿᵽµĸÿһͬҪٵһǿ˷ָĵز
ǿʿںʼչһĨɵЦݡ
ЦݣʿԼԵĲһͬ࣬һֲĴ
ȻĻƾʲôôɰ
Ϊʲô㣬ûôɵĸоҲûǿ󰡣
ǵʲôˣôֵطѵͲ´𣿡ʿͼŻһں顣
ںԭʵ棬һԸ񣬷ϻͦġЩڳīߣʱˣԸҲ˲Сı仯ԵһǣķϻԽԽˡ
˴ӹɢһֱϢ
ԣ˵⣬ںᡣֻһͷƴûȥһϣȻ֪Լʵͦõġ
Ƭ嫹˼ɵյУ֮սϢˡ
ּսֱ˵궼Ҫս


1804 ĥ
һսನһ澳ܳܵġ
Ȼս˫Ӹ˵ûгѴ־ķ룬ʵϣսĲ࣬ȴرģ
̫޴ˣ
īսУϸ˵սʽǵǿȻݶԷ㣬ʱƶµսƻ
ǰŮӣʵҲ࣡
ͬҲڹ۲ųīսʽųīĳȻҪҳīϵ
ּ֮սǲѰҶԷϱĻڣȻƴһ㣡
ⷽ棬īľ飬ֱ˦ŮһôԶ
һʼīϣȫѹ˰ŮӣȻڣīֲϵķ㣬Щ㣬īֱʩչ̹ޱȾ׼Ľд
ŮϵϢԽԽ
ȻʵҲ˵ġ˵Ůľһ̶ֳȡ
īһնŮӵľ֮ŮӵĲҽһûͬҲŷķ
һֲ˳Ůӵľ嵱кȻ
ͬʿԪԱһ˲䱬ɱīֻ䣬оȵΣա
īϣȴ¶һĨЦݡұս𣿳ī΢΢
Ȼֱʩչ̹ʱ䣡
֮ǰīˣûʩչ־ѧ
ϵʩչĹҲʩչһЩʱͿռͨ
˵ҵľԣӰһʱͿռ䡣
ŮӣҲƺ׵Ϥ˳īսʽ벻ͻȻ䡭ȻһȫµġޱȿֲĴͨ
̹ʱ䡭īʩչֱ֮Ůӵľ֮ϡ
䣬ֱӲ˲֪жꡣ
壬ͬ˥ϣͬݽߡ
̹ʱ֮£ŮܹԸоԼڲϵ˥š
˥ٶȣܵ޾ľ֡
ң
Ů鲻ԽĳǸںս˷
ԹҲϾоŮӣ
ںƵҲˣһƬգ˴Ѿ׻ˡֻܿ޾Ļ磡
īϵʩչ̹ʱ䣬ңӴ󵽽ͨһѹȥ
һֺܴ󵨵ðա֮ͬǰ֮Ҫͬʱƿںһձˡּ֮䣬һһл˵һԶĻɲı
īôˣһԥûУ޷˵ġͽ̹ʱĹֱӺ˸ںսǸˡ

ǸʿȻ֪ǱйȴںƵø޷ЧԤ
̹ʱ䵽ϵһ˲䣬ֱӷһֵĴС
ľһӱ˺ܴһ֡ȫ̵ٽ㣬ܵв
Ǳߡ
ŮӾԼĻˣƴıȫǹȫīȻ󷢳йƵŭȥɣ֪࣡
ϣ
һĨѪĵ⣬Ȼ
ǸȦף
Ůһ˲䣬Ѿ˽
ȴѾˡ
īһӣȥ꣬ʵϣҲòꡣ֪ȦףҲҪһ¡
Ϊһޱҵȥ
ôͬң
īһ൱׼ĽŮӵľٴεһΪ߱ɱֱӽŮӵľĥ൱һ飬һĥŮ֮һ
ţīһ̹ʱ䣬Ůӡ
һߡ
̹ʱеˣܵ޴Ӱ졣
Ȼ󣬶ں飬ᣬֱ̹Ÿѵһӡ
һӣʿֱӴûһ룡
˵ںһĿֲֵزī֮ϣֱۺ
̫Ĭˣ
̹Ŵеˣһ𲢼սҲкܾõˡ
ԣ֮䣬Ҫ໥֪ͨܺԷҪʲô
ںûȥĳīһĶû᲻ܵ˺飬ֻһóīⷬŬ˷ѵ
ɹˣ
ǱߵĳīҲɹˣ
īѹ˰Ů֮󣬱չһֵķ񹥻
ʱ򣬳īڼ˻¯
ѾɰɫĻ¯ֱ֮Ӷ԰Ůչ˷
壬ȻԱĥ𡣵ڻ¯˵ȴļƷƷ
ƽʱ¯Ŀŵ˵ľ壬类ˡڣŮӸϾ˼¯ĸšȫעѾ˳īϡ
ΪΣյˣǳī
Ǿ˭
Ůٴηʵʡ
棬Ѿ˴𰸣αʣ
һΣīڸһĴ𸴡
Ů˵ǲܳɹ
ǵ顣ī˵
˵ĹУ֮սȴûܵһ˿һӰ졣
Ůӷʵͬʱڷ񹥻īҪַͨʽɢīע̵ǣԷȻͬ⡣Ҳַͨʽɢע
ô޳ֿµ࣬Ժη
ŮӵľʶУȻǻһ޴硣
һ˵
Ǿ磡
һ
һϢĴ쵱Уû˻̹ŵУôǿˡ
̹ŵ統УǻĴȥĸôܻĴܳѵ˵ĴȥЩˣȫʧ˲ɣ
ôܣ
ŮӵУ˾֣޷һжġ
ˣ
¯Ůӵľ˿̾Ȼ˷ܵ
Ϊ֮һڻ¯ַ˵ֱĲƷʲôĴҩҲֱӸɴడ
ŮӲûһϵֱӽ¯ɡ
īȴᣬһĹ
ڣŮʿһʮһȻҲī˾޴鷳óīܵĴˡȥѪ죬ʮǱԼȴҲ䲻Զˡ
ʣͬʱеŭҪĸо
Ϊʲôһ࣬һӹİĶΪʲô˿µս
ʱ̣ڼ࣬Ѿõ̹ŵĴ󲿷ִСǳ̹ŵľ񴫳ȥģ
˵޴֮ǰ㲻ֻֽ˵̫˼ˡֿԣκһ˵ǸСӦ÷顣
ƫƫˡ
գǿŮӣī׻ɱˡ
¯ڲϵЩ
Ǳߵں飬һ֮սҲѾ޽ӽβ
īʱѾûжȥں顣ںռ˾ԵϷ磬ҲͷϥաʼƬУǽľ
ЩȫǸոŮ¡񶼳ûκʶĴ
ֱһϰûС
ڣںǱߣҲȻ䴫˵һĲҽУ


1805 
ˣҲ䣡
ںϣѾ˿ڣȥ൱ֲ
УܶطѾ͸ˡǿѪ˳ЩʳȻģȥǱˡ
ںϣȴǴ΢ЦġԶĳī˵ϣ˵ҪðһˣǸô죿
īۣһۣȻɫ΢΢һ䣬һ䣺ѻ죡
˵䣬īΣһʧһ̣ںԣ̹һ˲е¡
¯ûϣں飬һӾʧ
¯һâ׷ڳī
ʱ޾һֲ޳ܵĶվס
һɺ嫵ľ˲Ƭռ䣡
һǿ󵽲˼ѹǾÿһ䵱СһӡҪ׷ϳīˡ
ī̹е£ϵһһλдС
գȴҲһƬһƬ̮
¡¡
īߵ·ߺ棬棬ڷɿ̮С
ҿطûǳȻĻһŶ⡣Ϊ桭ıˣ
ںк޼Լʱһ仰˵ڡ
ΪīٶȣҲʵ̫ˡ
¯ǿǿɵ˳ī󣬱īһֱ֣
һĵ󣬺ǹɿֱֲӾӿ˹˲Ҫīû
īǴӾߵĳһ˳
Ȼֱӹϵ֮
ǰЩ꣬īѾֱܹӹеĺ֮ˡҲܹͨȴԦǡ
īĵУȻѾܸˣȴȻееĺ֮һĴڡ
̫޼ƹͨˣͨУвٵĺ̫֮޼ԼҲֻںƲ⣬Щ̹֮Ŵĳ֮
˵ˣ˵øǿ󡣵廹ʲôãͺ˵ˡ
񣬳īΣͷƲ֮£ٴι嵱е֮
ÿһΣһ֮лӦҲǻӦȴûľٶ
һΣһˣ
īеĺ֮һ˲䣬ǰ˲һšīӦʱ䶼ûУֱӾͳŵС
ֱӹرˡ
ţǹӿµ˲û
Ȼ޾Уһ޴̹ţ㾹ȻҶֽɵҪٵƬ𣿡
Уصһŭû˻شûκһĻӦ
һ̣һ˲ŵ꣬ڳīոʧĵطһܻı顣ȴޱȲϵ
ţƬգ˾ҵ飬һ̣ȻƾյĴ
ɫޱ࣬дʣȻ޾飬ܿ켯ϵһȻһ𼸺ҪƬյľˣ
ţ˺ݺһȭƬеһλ
䣡
Ǹطֱӱˡ
Ȼ󣬳һĶѨ
꿴һۣһ˽ȥĿУϵ̹ţҵģˣ
īڽǵŵһ˲䣬˾ѾιȥˡʹãѾһּ״̬ڹ֮˲䣬ʵ͵һ;ƿݵĵز
ںҲûö٣һ˲䣬˶ֱӱȫȻҲ˹ȥ
֪жãƬûʱУī˹֣ԼȻһŴ档
ʲôī˶ЩŴҲЩĸо
һ̣ļ䣬ֱͬˮһӿ
Ȼˣ׵Ĵסˣ
ǡ
ûī˽ʱ򣬾סĽ
ܼİϤĸֳ裬ī˳ɵˡף׷ʲôļǵãڹ֮ǰһţȻںš
һ̣ʧȥ˼䡣ٴͱӡ
ںأ
īĴ
ûںټ
Ȼ󣬳īֿһԼ
Сˣ
ֻصʱС첲Сȣӵ
ȻӴߵǰֱӳ۵ӡӢҲܴһɣĸоûС
īϣ¶һ˿ԼͲЦݣЦУӵζ
ǡˣǡһϵֻأ
īԵ嵱ǿֲһ㶼ûˡ
˼֮⣬һУȻȫص˵꣡

īһʱͻȻ䴫һϤ
СڣСڡ
īǳ˳飬ֱ̫Ϥˣ

ӦĶأ
ˣӦ֮أ
ǸһһΪӦõʲôأⱲӣûл뵽澳ˣ
īţֱӴţ棬һͬӰֱӳ˽
һųī˵ߣȥ¥
ī˵
ԷˣǽӦһҪȥۻģһǲǳ˵ı鿴ųī
īʧЦȥǾۻ᣿û÷ɣ
Ҷֵܣ֪֪ͺˣα˵أٺЦȻսīС˵˵ĽǸ˵ǰʱ䣬һ£һΣⱨӦˣ
˵ţһֻЦݡȻѹԳī˵Ǹһ˴̫࣡Ϊ¶ľѾҪˣ
Ҵġī˵
ǻðţ˵ʲôСڣҿŻңԭЦúܿģתͷɵˣĿɿڴĿųīֵܣû°ɣ
˵䣬֣ȥīĶͷ
īÿȻվǣüͷ˵ҵװеĴУȫļ䡣ҳһ·Ȼǲˡһʦһǲǣǡ˵ˣ˶ı䣿Ϊʲôϡûǻ󣿻ʵ
ī񣬾ȫޣҲȫ޷֧ȥӴָӵµ顣
ȴܹ뵽һжģǾ̫ˣ
°ļ䣬ȥ¾һЩ顣ȻĻʷĸ˾޴ĸı䡣
ܶˡܴ
ʱͻȻ䴫һֵдȺ˰Χ
ȻһӰڳīǰ
˴ϽߣѾ֪ͨүүǱߣڹ;Сߣ
˵ģһ൱ƯŮüɽʤѩü䣬¶һŨŨĹ֮飬ųī
һīϣ֮ɫԡ
һУ˶޾ļ֮⣬Ȼ꣬ûһ
ĥˣ߰ɣ
һһųī
ʱҲųīߣҸ㵲һ£


1806 
ߣһ£ī΢΢ҡҡͷüͷ֪ҪҪһЩ顣룬Ǿ˰ɡ
֮תֻأǿ˼еķӡôںʱ֪ǰ֡
ˣʵʱ䳤ӵУټ֮ͨΪ֪֮
ʥ͡īܹܵġΪڵĵУͿԺ׵һ㡣ֶΣҲЩǣνĿƿֻصķ
һ֪֮ˣֻҪر裬رķԼûκε
߳ī˵Ǵʱ䳤ģī϶ǲŵģ
飬īûа취ȥ⣬͸˵һӡˡ
Ŀǰûа취¡
īЩ㲻ף⾿ʲôط
Լʱ䳤ϣصͯʱ
Ϊȫޣӻڣ
飬ڹȥûнйݡ˵κһ겻һľٶ׾ٵĸıʷ
һ࣬ٽ١ͲһƻƽĴڣ䵱С
ԣīҪʱһ飬ļһص򣻻һƽпռ䡣
ǲԼĻص˹ȥġĻѾһֽȥδӣӴʧʷôȻǲܵġȻѾǿԺɱĴʿһͷѾһϵľ磬Ҳûȥ߸ʱ䳤ӡ
ȻǻصȥôһУпܣΪصһƬ
īںܶǰ̽ѰԼѰԼеʱѾ֣ļһƬص
ƬȻĵУҲȫ̽סֻ֪һƬǸֻйصġ
ÿһֻصĹУһеľһеļ䣬ȫ洢ƬСһľ޴ռ䣬Դ洢ļ䡣
ƫƫģԼȫûа취ġЩġ
ҲУ
ǰԺлٵĸֳһȫͬһٴǰӹͬҲƬ
֮󣬻磬̫飬ȻתֻأΪˣΪޡ
ҲֻеиһĶʿŻעƬȻ󣬲ŻӦ̽
ʵϣīڣû̽Ƭ棬̺ܡ
Ҳ˵澳ĳī޷ѰԼ֮ǰֻؼ䡣
īоѾǺгЧˡͨƬص顣
ǰЩɣԼǲǵеƬˣ
ֿԣУһС
һֿԣ뵽һȫƽпռ䵱С
ָоеӦġһֻ
īЩʷ伮ܶǻۣ֪ںηЩͻЩʷ伮е֪ʶ̺
Щʷ伮Уһѧ˵ᵽһƵĹ۵㡣
˵磬ʵĶռλ档֮䣬˴˲ҲǺ޹ϵʵϣЩռλ棬ʵһͬˣͬȫͬ飬ƻȫͬľ
˵Դÿˡÿʱÿ̶һȫµĲͬ뷨һ̻Ҫߣһ̡ܾ;ˡСʱųҪȥһ٣֮ȴȥ̣Ǹɴһ
ΪЩͬ뷨ȫͬÿһûʵֵ뷨ÿһûнеľĳһλͿռУܾͻһͬ㣬Ǽ£
˵ڳ˵Ҳͦ˼һ˵Ȼû취ȥ֤ȴҲƽеġԶύĶռλĿԣʵǼߵģ
ܶΪһ飬ʵ֪ϣŸ߲εάȡǶ֪ȥˣǸάȾһ硣
ƽпռ䡭ʵͬҲˡֻûб֤ʵˡ
īں̵ܶʱڣһ뵽̫̫⡣ڲȷԼĵطԼеǴʲô򣬻һȥֻеƽ硣
ȰŪ
Ǳһīȫ¶֮ɫ
һ˵ʲôʱˣ㻹˼﷢ߣ
īԼСʱԵȻûлҲʵϣҲʮֽŵġһ˵ڻ֮£ֱӳ׻ƳǡȻ׻Ƴ⣬үүĸҵ
֮үү޵УȻ޵иƣȥҳ߳Ժ־ʦѧա
£ġ
īһȻҡҡͷ˵ҲߣҲõģĽҲãľҲáҺεġ
˰ɣ
ûɣ
׽С飬ȫһ׳յĿųī
ǿûܴӳīϿһ㴫˵еʲô֮㳶ķڷڵؿڳ
һīΪ

һһĿųīôˣƽ㣬һֱǺܴҲǵġȻͲ󣬵ȴһֱرʱǹɴȥˣʲôļκβ㣿ƾʲôƾүүϽƾ踡үү
һ˵£ֱˣ˭ҲʹڳǻϷȻ˭ֹľӱ𡣡
ǰһ￴ųīᶼҪˡļˣҪǳīʲô⣬ԼҲûа취ˡ
ʱԽԽҲ
֮ļҵʿһֱûܽһǶЩɵīүү޵С𿴼𲻸ߣžʵȨһҪǱŭˣǿʲô鶼ɵóġ
һ棬޵׻ƳУȻѵ࣬ҲһЩġ
ԾסģǵҪԱľȨ㳯ҰҲ̫ڷˡ
ȺȻûֱӴȴǰ½أΧģ
£īҪߣҲ̫ˡɡ
һּŭˮ̲סųī⣬ôźð
īЦЦһ˵ûµģ㣬ģĲµġ㿴ǲǺд󽫷ȣ˧˧
ʲôʱˣ㻹˼ЦһֱЦãҪСڸĥˡ
ǱߵҲһ֪ͣīĵӺܴ󣬵ȴֱ֪īĵӣѾͻʡûˣ
Цߣǳȥǡī˵ţʶҪȥ߱죬һ̣ȴеεķ֣߱졭ûС
ڽо䳡䳡ıԵһűϣʲôС
ī˳ִȡһѵУһ⡣
һĿɿڴĿųīıӰȻĬȥһѳС
СڷˣҲһɣ


1807 ĵ
ǱߵΧűת˼ȦһΪѡһòǸҲòԵҵһѰľƳɵĳǹûôأöˡ
ӱȡ˳ǹԼһ糤һǿ֣˭
˵ţ鲻ԽһΪ˧ĶȻ󣬲ſ첽ţѾ߳ͦԶĳīһ׷ȥ
ȵң
īߵĺܴݣڲ䣬ʶʹ̹
ȻȻã
ȻֻԶû˹ȥһ
īҲûжٲӦϾǴġһһΪûУʿ㲻ϵˣӦδܣܸƵС
˵߱Ľܵĵһ츳
̫׻ƳУĵطһۡһݵλܱߵЩԵúܺˡԱߵЩܴۡ󣬶ҿȥʮɡ
£īѾܿÿ׺ɣ֮󣬸ǲȥעϡ
һݵĴԺš
棬˿ѾۼһȺˡ
ľϵЩҲһЩס޵йϵļˡ
үӷ޵ǰߴ̣ǲŷ޵еӱ衣ֻľͷʵ̫ˣȻǾסѫǣҲЩͷۡЩֳī˭ãƫҪȥľңĶӸ̫߳ࡣֱͱ졣
ȻĽ׻ƳеһֱͲôӵⶫʵκһҶѫ嶼ȱ١ⶫǹʱ棬ǲɱһִڡ
˭һûĲФӵأ
ڵ⸽ѫǣҲֻܾȥǵ档Ȼ˼Ӽ֪ͨүӷ޵УϣԻ顣ʵϣڳЩˣôϣ
޵ȻһʵȨôеùľһ֮£֮ϵ
£õĽӦþǳīšͬʱһʱ䣬ȥı
ͦǰһ˵ɣ
һЩ޵нõļţȻ̾Ϣ
ʱյĽţˡ
Ȼ󣬳īӰ滺˳ˣһ۵꣬һѵһݵվڽſڡȫЩ𺳵ˡ
ⲻǾֻ֮һеƴҲѪƥ֮¡
һֵƽƽǴһ޾ƽ
·һ⳾֮۵oƽĸĳһ
ô˶ˡ
ûа취еǷƽһĺ͵
ʱһŵһĴܳȻȫž֮ɫվڳīߡ
ǵĳ֣ڳĲȫĪһ
ָоǷԼ˼䡣ΪīƽǴѹʵ̫ˡڿһֽŸڼ˺ܶ࣬ûȫ׵
һʱ䣬ſڣĵģû˵ȫųī
ԭ嵽īߣҪ˵ʲôһյѹ֮£Ҳһ仰˵ˡеֽţȫûΪīĵ٣øǿˡ
īŵûȥ߽ŵһһƽĿȺȻֿһЩҪάˣ˵ͷ˵ǶȥɣͷԼȥ
ˣȫһĿųī
ҪĳīЩˣǸܵǿҵ𺳣ųī񣬻ǿһһ
ӣԵ棿һĿųīĿУӡЩû취һӵĻ
ȥɣ˵Ȼ㻰ΪȻ׻Ƴ飬ҲÿľҲûκκôվҪģǵļҷī˵
һСӶʲôҲԲѵĺ˵˵ԣһ죬Ŀ࣬Ƥڡü䣬һŨŨɷıųīг˲м
Ȼ괿Ӳš
֮ǰѾϸ̽ڳīһС
үү޵УһʵȨ˵ڴĹУҲеλˡָֻ˭ȣľֶĻ׹ݱͲ̫ࡣ
ڳīǷ޵һ¶С󣬾ûô뿪׻ƳǡʵһСƨӣʲôʵ
ԣһ꣬ôͷľٶʵҲŲǵġ
ĸ俴ųīʶģϽ־ܣĻ£Ψһܹ飬ʵʵĸߡһͦүүģԣ̫ѿ
ī̾˿Ȼ˵Ҹո˵Ļû
ʲôһ̲סֱӳīΪһսսϱûж࿴һ۳īǰѵֱӾīҪһСһѳīֱ߾ˣ
˵ʲôϻô⣿
һһڳīǰ棬Ҫīסˡ
гη壬ȴȻһ¸ҵǰ˼īߣīվһ𡣿ȺǳʲôﻹûйˣѵˣѾԴ𣿡
ǱߵȫϵҪүүǿܻη֣һСӰˣǸԣʣֱˡ
īиеů׽ѣʲôʱ򣬲ʲôطδ
ǲʵһֻҪһһ죬һǱøã
īţȻ֣һ֣صԼ
һЩ䣬Щ΢΢Ĳȴᶨվóī
Ҫ˺ī̤ʬȥȻĻ˭Խѳīߡ
˭У
ľǿʵһֱûиı
ī΢΢һЦʹһɾֱӽһȥȻŵǰ˼Ǹǰ
㣬Ǵսİɣսһɱӯ״̬أƽҲûΪɱ˺Ĺɣī۵ϣŵ΢Ц
ųīһͷƤĸоСӡôôǽӣܿԼսսһɱ֡ôԼڻھɱ˵ģ
ţһŭɢŭųīЦôҲ
īʱЦˣҴϵܸܳǰոպһ޹ˣϣҲһˡǿϧϹսѪһǿʿȴ˱һȮȥɡ
ī˵ţֱеѵ


1808 
˭û뵽īʱͻȻ֡
һСӰˣûʲôʵϱ˵һѵһſЩҲ
ԣīһֱԤϡ
Ԥϵǣīһ̫ˣ
쵽ûʲôսսѾˡ
ֱѪ˳ĲʳǱһȺ˶ûܻع
ۿѪ˳ڵϵﲻʳܿһ̲Уʼ𼸷ѪϢʱȺ˲ǻػһ
ʱըˣ
кüųīֱӳ˹ǵУȫŷŭĹâӶҪī𹥻
סֱ֣Ӻס˼ҪīȻɫޱڵϵһ߹ȥģаڵļˡ
ǽڵϵӷȻ˲Ϣ䣬ȫһж¶˼֮ɫ
һ˫۵ɵϴ󣬵ȴѾлŲŵɫĲһѪۣȻѾӿѪڸǡڳ⼸ˣܹƾḻľжϳīһֱжϵѪܡͬʱҲжܡ
˵˲ʧȥеսȻӿѪڼ䣬ͽȫˡ
˶Ȳ
īһûʲôʵϣе˲֪һж£
ǿ죡
书Ψ첻ơ
һ쵽ڳЩ˵УûһܹӦ
ȻǺݣ
һʮСƨŵɱˣȻݵ˳̶ȡһ̫ˣǳҪȥġ
Ǿ
ոѾ˵ˡ͸ЩͬսսϱҲ˵Լ˵ز
ۺ㣬Щȫе㷢¡
īһն˱ˣնأܶ
ºѣ
ۣڳЩˣ΢΢һ
ɺϣ⼸໥һۣӶԷпһĨ֮ɫ
ԸɺϣΪⲻɺϵĻǾ̫ˣ
ȫ뵽īһɺϣСүĽܽǵ˳̫࡭˵ˣ

ЩԭҪӻīˣ˿ҲȫЩɵˡǸûӦ߳īѾٵɱˡ
ŶһӰ
ôôҰ
ǵӡУīҲĺӰ
һȫ״סˣǲǲ֪īӺܴ󣬵ȴ֪īĵӾȻֵز
׻Ƴǰ
ɱˣ
ô죿
һѾ˷磬鳹ױִˡҪҲѾûа취ˡòһʱ׻ƳǾͻᴫ顣
ȻûҪܣ׼үүȻ
ʱߵˣѾ׵ķŭˣƤӵ£Ȼһֵܡ
ǿɲȥ˸òֻСӣֱɶ˼£
īһƽˣҲ֪ȥʲôˡûֹΪҪֹһҲġ
ֻǿȺ˵ôЩˣһʵɱӯҰϵɱѾսγɵɱˡʵǶ
Сƴűү𷣣ҲҪɱ㣡һȥϵõӶеĵֱӿī
ˣ
ѵУֱӷһƿʮ
ֱնīţ
ûȥֹ
ߵˣȫۿһĻ
ЩҪӻīˣǸȥֹ
ī¶ޱɫ·ѾСһԴĳ
ָоһܹ񫣡
ѪӿѾȫû뷨ˡڣֻɱ˳ī
أ
īӶˣ
еĵֱлһʮֹ·ߣȻӣӡ
󣬳īվ棬Ȼǰѵ
۵
һֱӵڵϡеĵʯ·ϣһ졣
ֳһƬţ
˸оЩ־ˣֱţ
īɱ֮ûֱ֣ͣɱ졣
ȻѾɱˣôȺҲûмŵˡ
Ⱥһһʵ๼ֻīӳ׻Ƴǣ̤ǧԭȵٴλعʱȺ˾Ѿû鷳ˡ
һβͬīûߣʷֱӳ˹յ㡣
ߣѾǸı䡣ɱˣǸı䣡Ȼˣ͵Ϊ˰ɡ
һ£ȺǣֱӾͷˡ
ڳīǵͬʱȺҲѾųīֱӳ
սֱչ
һûκԥֱӾͳīվһҪս
ǱЩԭҪīˣû뵽ᷢ顣ǴЩ޴롣ٲҪæģҲͬء
ʱ򣬳ī˵λѣΪҵģ˿Щ¸ûϵ
˵ţһֱӶ緭һ
սͰ˶ŵˣ
ǿīֱһһʮСӣ֮ǰȫûκι˵ľٶǸЩصСǿҲʲô
׻Ƴеĸ棬ûмĴڣ
ԳīһصŮʲôȺ޷ܵĴǳīһ֮ǰɽ¶ˮСӣͻȻͣ
ЩеǴսİսϱʲôûСǵƽҲǳʶˣ
ǵСӰȺͻǰѵͿ·û֪ǰѵնĸնĸˡ
ֻΪСӵ治ôǾʹشˡһͷصĴ
ֱӳȻ⣬ݺײīԴ
˸üΪ˶ִͷȫײ֮£˵һˣһͷţҲñֱײ
ٶȣСӸܶ
һգ۵ĹѾ嵽˳īǰȻһĴλáΪӲ⣬ֱӶ׼īĶϷ
̫Ѩ
һҪײȥܽīԴֱײ÷飡
У¶׺ݵĹâƺѾԴһĻһĨ̵Цݣ¶
Сûˣ
˴һۿ⣬ҪײīĶϷ
һԵһ¶޾ĺȻ֮ɫһҪ
еĽĴ׳˶
Զˮⲻ˽ʣ
һѾˣ
Ϊһһ˿ڡ
ѪһʳֱȾһȴȫûиоһ㣬߳
ЩԶΧ۵ǣһ̣Ķž
һѫĹܼңȵס֣
ʱ򣬱˵һѫĹܼңľҪֹ¶Щˡ
ΪĹٶȣʵ̫ˣ
Ҳ̫ˣ


1809 ͷ
ȫǱȡ߳īȥģ
ϹսϱѪȫɱĳγ֮󣬾ǾͷţҲ
īΣˣ
ڳļˣȫ뷨
ߵЩˣһȫ¶ɭı飬ѪҲܲпᡣǴ˿Ѿȫīֻжʹޡ˵ѾɱǺüˡһҲûɱһӣǼġҲˡǱߣ϶ܽ¸ƽġ
˵ڣīѾǴɱ䡣ֳô˿ءʱľǱְ취еĹȫƵīȥ
ˣ
Χ۵Щˣȫһ¡
óīһ£϶ǳҪˡ
ʱ·һ̣
Ȼ󡪡
ī˶Ϊܵ£̧ͷתӣų۵ϣκζı顣赭дģһֻŵ֣һѾ̫Ѩ
īһ׶ʵڳκˣûһܹģ
˶ֻ͵һӾڵϡ
תĹ̫죬Ҳ̫ͻȻˡ˶ȫûκ׼ءȫ״סˡָоҪȳī֮ǰһҪ𺳡
ţīֶŵһ
͸ոʹɱ֣Ǿ͸ûʲôԥˡ
ֱӾͱī˲ӡ
˻û𺳵лعʱ򣬳īѾɱˡ
ڵľ硭̸ʲô磬սȴֲ̫ˡֱһ˵һĴڣ
Ҳɽʿһ磬һ飡
ûֲ̫ˡ
ЩûһܹīһƬ½ǣԼȴһֲ˼ٶڳšգ۵Ĺ򣬾Ѿ߰˸ˡٿīûմȾһ˿ѪҲûմȾһѪ
ɫûҲûӢϣֻëȻƽһ˿˿ġĮ
ֵĮЩսսϱ˶һսĸо
Ǵûī֣ɱôˣܱƽˡƽֵĮǸûǰȺˣûǰ·
һӰ
һʮ꣡
ô֣
ǷִͨĵĶ֣ԡѪսˣҲīƽʹݰ
սɱˣϵѪҪڵģ
ѵ겻ˣ
Χ۵Щˣжһͷ
ٿߣֻʣ죬ʵǿڣǶѾīɱˡ
Ĵ⣬͸Ųɣʯ·ϣŤʮʬ壡
ѪһءŴ̱ǵѪζ
īŵֱӳʣˡ
䣡
ˣֱŵתͷӣ
һĻȥ̫ˣһʮ꣬һѩĵȻһȺս׳ˡ
ֳһĻˣȴѾûһĹоڣֻоֲ
ڳΧ۵ЩˣǴûоսûм˵ġ
ۿôոջˣȴǰЩ˶Ǹģֲʵĸоò˵̲סŻ
̤̤
ʱ򣬴ϳֵǱߣһܼĽŲ
ʿǱֱӳ
Щʿϴŵڳˣȫһᵽɤۡ

ȺˣȻǹ͢еĽ
ºˣ鳹ִˡѾͱˣ
ߵҲȺʿֱ
վס


ȺУΪ׵ļˣֱӴǳ⡣Ҫе
ֱԩҪ޳Ǳ׷ɱİܺ߰ѵΪʲôҪץǣ
Ǹɱ֣ں氡ȥץ˰
ʱ˿̣ҲûһˣҰѳīһʮСƨ
ʲôܺҰСֳƺţȫûһĹϵôһаһɱ񰡣
ȻһίǹԹԵķȺǿ˭ŸɣҲҸȨĽŸɰ
˴˿оȻһ˿ĸоΪڣǵԱסˣ
ʱȺУһͳ׵ӣīǱߡһҲɵõһ
Ǳߵʯ·ϣʮѾȥˣʬԱߣѪѪζŵоһѣΡ
ȻһܸɾҲӢż۵꣬һѩĵվһ޹Ŀߡ
ô찡ͳ̲סֹһ䣬ȻǱΧ۵ˣǳīģ
е⣬ͬʱҲǣȺ˾Ȼûһ˵
ͳһ䣺Щˣɱģ
һΣĿ⣬ֱӶ˳ī
˵ﻰԵĻͳԲԸī
ָоʵ̫ˣ
һʮСӣ£ֻ³Ϻɱˣ仰˵ֱӾˡ
꣬ȻһƽĸšУȻҲľη˵־壬Ǿ͸ûˡ
ɱġī赭д˵Ȼͳ죬ֱӾת˻⣺ǻҵİɣ߰ɡ
ͳʱͷߣ˵īҭòᡣ
ȷȷʵѳīãӵǰȥġ
ֳȴǸϺģȫһ
ݵʹݣֱԼһöûеĸо
һʰ̯īƨɵˡȻҲġǣ治ӦġӦռİ
ٿʬ壬ͳ죬ͻȻЩˡ
ⲻһͨСӣһֲС
ˣˣ
ͳ̾Ϣһ֪ԳԴīֱӵͷã߰ɣ
ֱֽһ˿Ŀɿڴ
죬̲סͳ죬㲻ǸɱְһӰ
ʱ򣬽ͳعͷһЦô»ọ̀ߣ
˵ţһ֣һȺֱӽ
Ȼ󣬽ͳһĶԳī˵ӣҲʹһ˰ɣ
īƽĵͷȻͷһһڽңȻһ˸˵õңҪҲ뵽
һһãȻĵͷ벻ףĿеСүΪʲôһͻȻԼǰԼСѾͷͷӵĸо
ٿСү۵һʮֻ㱵ĸо
ٶȻعʱ򣬳īѾȺ뿪ˡݵıӰȺУȥƺЩµȴԴˣ


1810 ˽Ǯ
£ܿ׻ƳдˣֱȻ󲨣
׻ƳѾ̫ûзô䶯Ĵˣԣÿһˣ̸һغ˷ܡ
˵𣿷޵ϽǸӣһ춯صĴ£
ǿҵȻīǸСӣһһȫ緭ˣ⵨ӴСҲᣬʵֱװ
޵ϽǸӣ̫ˣǰЩӸոհľĶĽܵĵ߱ˣתۼ䣬ָɳ־춯صĴ¡Ŷ󰡣Ҫɳǻ˵ãս϶һԱͽ
ʥ϶ľɳץǼľеԣǼӹһٵļһǰҲûʲô³ˡ
׻ƳУָϢзõǡ
ȫһ˷ܵţЩ¥棬Сܶ˶˵£һЩܴţģ˵컨׹ֵģͺǵʱֳһ
ʱʹ棬ǰĺܡ
īһڻϵ鷿Уɫƽ鷿Щ鼮һ˿ͬ
īļǳǿ󣬴Ļʹ鷿ܶεĵطԣܹļǵãһЩϲ鼮İڷλá
һΣЩ鼮İڷλãһЩȴǸеĲһˡ
Ȼһ簡īипš
Ƭ֮洫һ΢ĽŲм˵͵͵˵
ī񾳽ȫޣЩ˵ʲôӦЩ̫࣬ڸϻ㱨һЩ
鷿ű򿪣һϵӰ
żϤīУЩпġ
˵ĵӡ˵ϺãҲ̸϶໵ĵһܹġͷ룬ʱĹâҲȷ̫ǿʢһ㡣
ڻ˵һȫҲ޷ܵ顣̬ȷת䣬ʵҲͲΪˡ
¡īվŻ΢΢йڹȥЩ䣬ʱѹ¡
һƽĿųī´˼ۡ˵޵мĺӣûʲôӡ֮ǰ֪׻Ƴлгīһꡣ
ΪŮѩ飬˵˳ī֡췢飬ֱ̫Ԥˡڻ˵ī飬ǸһѵĽڣ
ҪݺôһǸ׵ܵˡ뷨Ѿܾˡ
ľЩ꣬һЩĴϣеԽԽˡȻʵ۸Ȼ𾴣ʵϣϵУȴѾǿҵΣС
ֵǽҪô򣬻Ҫġ
㣬ңϿųīﲢһ֮ȴɢһ㡣
һѰ꣬ͱˡܹԻϻһ̹ȻģɵӣҲֻǰĳīˡ
ģǱηġȻܶӦ±£ȴҪīһƽ΢ЦſŻϣΪҽǰ˻ϵĴæˡ
Ŷ޵ֶ̫࣬Ȼֶɱ䣬㷸Ȼ˵ڰ޵æ㵱ޡôúôϵ̸жҲ㲻º͡
īϣȴûκһ˿ı飬ֻǵЦ˴ϻۣȻС˵ĶʵұҲѾ֪СӲѰͨӡֺα̬ȣСӽ
ܷ֪𣿡ϳĲûзֻǵһ۳ī
ؽ㣬Ȼһһʶī˵
ոջ˵ԼѰĺӣôڣݵˣЦЦĿųī
ī˵ͬѰĺӣҲվһӰ
һĿųīī仰Ūͷߡʵѿڶ˵һ䣺˭ҪǻҰ㵱һӣ˭в
££мȻѾ˴ķǲǿأī˵
ߣãĲᴦ𣿡ϵĿųīȴ޷죬ǶĻʱޣǳ˻
ɣϣǴģһˡұ֤֮ڣĻһͳ˽硣īŻϣ˵
̲סЦųīĿ⣬ڿһСӣ˵飬ܸһ𣿡
ī̾˿£κοȥܷǲʵֵ飬ʵпܷҲпܻʵֵġ
ǡ㵹˵˵Ҫ£Ĵɶɵ飬һСӾˣһŵĿųī
īƽһݵĸ˵һ
ˣãûǻһһ
ȥаʱϲͻȻ˫ۣųī⻰棿
īͷûµɡ
ϳ˼ţȻ󻺻˵ָ㡭˵˸еţ޲֪ΪΣȻ˵Щ飬Ӧöġ
īû˵ֻǰվǡ
󣬻һȻ˵ã£޾ͽ۾Ӧ֪˵ģܹɹĻô޵㡭㡭
˵ţ̲סֳŵǲġΪīпԸнı죬ô׼䣬Ҳûʲôܹ۵Ķˡ
īԺУȴϲ¼ɣ󲻵òߴ顣
ϣ¶һĨ΢Ц£ʲôøҡ磬̫ͣġ
һ𺳵Ŀųī˵ͷĿųī˵ã£ˣ
īӻʹ֮ĵ졣
׻Ƴз¡
һ£ľֱӳƲǣ˵Ҫؼʺϼڳйˡ
һľȥǣ˳ˮ۵ĵͷӦ¡
ڶ£һͻȻ䱻԰䲼
Ĺ׼һȫµѧԺԺԵΣԺǳī
˵ľǣе֮еĻǻϰ䲼ڶֱ˶ˡ⣬ΪʲôҪô
䵱Уվԣ˵ī͵СӣʲôʸѧԺĸԺ
֪ѧԺԺǻϵĻôĹ񣬾ģϲȥѧԺ飬ôīԺҲֱӳѧԺȨߵˣ
ΪʲôҪô
ѧԺһʲôѧԺ
䵱еķߣޱǿӲֱӱ̬ûǮ޵˽Ǯ


1811 ѧԺ
£䣬ȫû˵ˣ
Ҫǿ˳һʲôʵҲûа취˵һΣϾȻ˵ҪԼ˽Ǯ顣
оܳ⣬Щ󲻾ΪǲеҪˣȻĻôʲô翵飿
˵ʼմŹСڳɺͳĸִ˵ʵϣû˻ִ˵ġΪ£ʵڳǵ֪̫ࡣ޷⡣
ľǱߣǱòѪ겻ĸо
Ƕӱ˼һ̫߳࣬Ȼһ⡣ԭһκȤ꣬Ȼһҹ֮䣬һޱȿµĴڡ
ȨС
ѧԺҿвҪ˰ɣľɫ鷿棬һ˫˸ɭĹâȻԸȥϵλӣʲôҪʲôֻҪûǰ߶߶ѧԺͺˡ
һ˵ͷϢȥˡ
ʣľһϣãɫڻָƽȻһ䣺ˣʲôѧԺļ긻ǿģǿɲɣֻƵ۰
׻ƳǣѧԺϢˡ
ǻûд֮ǰЩִлعأµϢˡ
ֻһΣ䶯Ըǿ
˾š
ѧԺǸʲô𣿹ǲǴ˵𣿡
Ϊʲôһⲻ˲Щû飬ڹ񣬺֮УʲôԼ˽ǮˣǮϵ˽ǮʲôסҪʲôҾǣݵˡ
ϻ԰Ȼ飬ͲҪ˼˵Ȼץˡҿʲôû˵Ҫʲô
һΣ֮ǰκһζȫ֮ͬǰ׻Ƴеˣ䳯᲻ص˵ʵۼ䣬ʲô⡣һΣκиɻˣһǱ˾ٱֱӾͻᱻץ
ԣ׻Ƴǣ̶̼ʱʹӼɹ÷ড
û˸̸ˡ
һʥּͽˡ
̫Ӣ飬רðԵѪ֮磬׻Ƴֲա񲻸ԹԡԻʼɼ˺ȥ̫֮λݣڶ֮С
ʥּժ׻Ƴǵĸ·ڡеƽգܿݡ
ܶףԭǰЩ쵽ץ£ǻġ̫Ӣ
ֹ˼գʥּһεĽ£һΣǶۺĺΪͬץ£һˮ˴ӢǱߡ
һ£ٹȻ
һӣȻڶ̶̵ļ֮ڣȫ˴⡣
ȻʵҲ긻ǿڶࡣһֱڴİյĿУλܸߡδĹҪ˵ѡΡ
ӽ滹ֵǽϷ롣ˣڴĿУ˲
ôδ˭̫ӣ˭ʵۣôˣ
Ұ֮䣬֮ʼ
ȻʹǱߣȴʼգûиκһ𸴺ͽ͡
ӱ֮󣬸ֲ¼ɵȻڶȴ֮ǰִкǸģɻۣ˹
ī֮ĵڶ¡
ѧԺٳ׻ƳУٶȣĵʷϣǾ޽еġ
󣬳īֱ˵һĽ̲ġ
ѧԺֻһʦ֮⣬ˡ
׻Ƴ̫˵ſЦǶûϵʧķˣȻһʮСӺ֡䣬Ҳһ˵˵޵ϽǸӣʵ·֮ǰļһֱǱӡŵģӡ⿪ˣһӾˡ˵Ҳгŵ˲ЩоСܶ߹ԹҲš
Ϊ˵֮⣬ûĽͣ˵ͨīϵ־޴ı仯
ʱأѧԺһֻѧ
һ÷
һǻ֣ԸЦЦҰɷҵðԼ˵̬ͬһĽѧԺ÷ǱӲĸġ
÷Сĳɳʹû̫¡Ϊ׵۹⣬ѾϰΪ
ѧʱܿȥ֮Ļ壬ʮ֮ϣʮ֮µкŮ뵽ѧԺ
ˣѧԺĴֱӹرˡ
޵лҲ˳īһ棬Ȼӳīһġ˺صӣҲûл
׻ƳǣΪѧԺֳĸֶҲʱƣע˱ԽԽˡ
վҪģҲͶѧԺ߲Űɣ˵붢ŲţҲòκõϢ
ΪѧԺʼգʹڷյ״̬лʹĽأ൱ɭϣͿŵֻӬɲȥĳ̶ˡ
ڴ߿Ѿƽ˾ʱȴѾݵڹǱȥˡ
ǿɲܴĵĻʵۻʲôܣϵ£ֳڶһЩרűɸָĹ£ԴĻʵ۱һԻЦ
һЩʶ֮ʿж㣬ԼлŽˣ
ΪǿĻʵôֱԼò˶ãĿܾҪˡ
飬˳ֶĴרɵǰʡ
ͬ׼Щ˵ΪӽߵɡԣǶԴµ̬ȣҪöࡣ
ֻЩû뵽ǣ߸ϵĳӣڴ׻ƳǵѧԺͬһŸ
Ǻܷŭû飬ǵݵλȥκһǸҵĹҪԳӴڴʵû¶棬ֻһ̫ܹšѧԺֱӳһŸŶûȥ
ĵӣŭأŻ
Ĺɣ
ɲвͬһͨ档ֱӵĸˣĹҪˣ
õϢĵ죬ĹʵȥһѧԺһʱͳˣ˵ʱ򣬻ʵ۵ϣƲסĿЦݡ
ЦݲõһЩ˶ûʵЩİ
Ȼ󣬾ûʲôȻˡÿոϳϳȻÿշüŴѧԺǱóĵҩԴˣҽԺǱЩģǲϷĶֻǻϼ֣Ҳı䲻˻ϵ뷨ֻȫʲôźá
ȻˣĳҰ£һοʼƵһΣûΪƶλӶʵľʵ
ϾһιϵĵĹˣĵ׿˵ĹҪˣǻд
䣬˭ǳĶأ
Ǳ˵㻰º󣬾ĵӣߣ׻ƳϿա


1812 еɵ
ӣٵ׻ƳϿ֮ͣƮ裬ƮƮһ㡣ʱ·׻Ƴǰյһ󾪺׻Ƴǣ˲ˣ
쿴˰
𣿶ϷҮ
зеˣǿ϶ɣ
кܶˣ̲סֱӹڵϣͷ
УҲȫǿҵ֮ɫ
֮ϣһмĿ·ܿܿ
䷲ˣֱ͸һȥĳ˵
ǣУǾˡһʮϴųЦݣ˵
ԣͣһᣬ˶׻Ƴǵľ޴䶯ȻǾȥǸʲôʺһѧԺҪһˡһȺ䷲ˣȻŪһʲôѧԺֱЦ˵ģһѮҵˣϣʲôȻ飬Щ˵ʲô
׻ƳǺܿͺ䶯
֮ǰ˵ʲôֱֳӺ͸ɴࡣ

ڼҵľ֮߳䣬Ժ̧ͷͷӰУҲ¶𾪺֮ɫȴûʲô֮ɫ
ΪĵҪһ֪̫ࡣЩˣ㲻ʲôɣ࡭ֻǿ߰ˡ
ЩʵԭҲȫͨˣ׼䡣ΪӣѧĹȷʵǿӵԶ׵ı졣һ˵㳾䡣һΣҲΪ׻ƳеѧԺ˳ĵޡȻĻǲǰġ
ľǼˣ΢΢üͷУΪԼĻķˡǸѧԺȻôٶȽһѸ˴ʼӵܡ˵ȻŹ֮
ľ֪ˣԣֻǿ˼ۣȻתˡ
ȻԸʲô飬ͷ㱨ұǡ
үȥһͣľʵ
ûʲôɿġľ˵ǻ֣ˡ
ͲҶˣϾڱۻΣ˵ž޴ġ
Ǳߡ
ڼϢҲѶ˳ͷֻ̧ͷһǼˣתˡ
һˣĸɽҲΪġүֱӽӣæ˽ȥʵ⡭Ҫδã
ãĿһɽʲô
Ȼôɽ¶һ˿ЦүӣͱˡҲ֪ǸʡĵĺӣųīǸСһ֡
ɽû˵ִ̧꣬ϡɽЦЦôȻϻҪӢǣ
ɽʱ΢΢һҡȻڼңŸףҲûˣҲɽȻҴԲѵ˵ԼȻӢ
ⶫɲȺܴġ˵ϵǻִѾ꣬ǷغͳǸ治һܱȵġ
仰ɽҲ̲ס˼ڣЩ׸Ϊʲô˵ˡ
϶Ͽɵ飬ڴֵ֧顣Լ˽ǮѧԺ˵īһСƭӣһ㶼ףôΪʲôҪô
Ҫ֪ɲʲô飬Ϊ£Ѿ½˲١ܶݵλˣ̲סڰи̻Ϊ
ɽʼ˸âɵֻǹˡϾĶӾ档ôʱ䣬һֱûгܵģӹѧԺ˺
ڣЩˣѧԺǱߣԲκ⣡
û֧֣ðűǴķգҲҪһе顣ôֲ׵飿
ͬʱ׻Ƴǣ壬µƽգˣȫڹע顣
ͬʱҲкܶˣĿͶѧԺ
¡޵ϽǸӣҪˣ
ѧԺǺǣ˼ֱ쿪
ϸź֣ǳ鷳ˣԸ飬Ҫ۵׻Ƴǵˣǿɶ޹ġ
Ƿ׷۷׷ס׻ƳǣƯյĳӸĸꡣ
ʱӰڶˣ
ǳѧԺķȥ
£׻ƳУдˣȫ̲סѧԺǱ߸ȥ
ǵҲǲֹĺԣȴʹǸȥҪһɵֶεʲôġ
ԣ˿ǴӸ߿¿ȥĿ׻ƳǸСд˳һȥ
ʹĵģûһ㶯
֮ǰܶ˵жϣ൱ĳ롣ΪЩ˿ʹǱôҲҪɳ֣һ¡ԷǸ߸ϵĳӣʹ޶ԣҲĵĹ尡
ѧԺǱߣҲǾĵģͬûһ㶯
ھ˿һ£ΪԳӣǿ϶ˣ϶ˣ
ʱ򣬵ȻҪͷڹûдֱɢѾܳǵԤˡ
鲢ûаԤзչ
ĵӣҪѧԺϿյʱһġż۵𣺡Զ㣡
ȥƽƽ֮ܶĵһӦǾ˵˷ˣһЩ˷ӦȽϿ죬˲¶֮ɫΪǡȫѧԺ൱Զľأ
ܸôԶ嵭˵һ仰ǵĶô˵ˣΪ
ҵţ
˵ˣǷ޵еǸ𣿡
Ͻӣʲôţгīǰɣ
īһߣôģ
˼ˣ
һЩģʶˣȫһȤǻ벻̫࣬ϸհԶӢʲôġȴҲ֪ĵӣˡ
ҵȴͬˣ
£һƬ𺳣
֮ǰޱƽү˿̶һ㵡
ɽǲʧ˵ˡ
үɫмָӵĵͷȻп֮Ȼģһ˵
ɽ˶ңѧԺʮ·̡ȴĴǵĶ
£Ҫ֮ǰô˵û˻ġ
У̬׼ָѧԺĳˣ˿Ҳȫסˡ
ǲͬЩûʲôΪͨˣǵһʵУѾǶ˵Ҳȷˣ
ڣȴ𺳣
Ϊܹжϳո˵ǸˣһΪѷɫǵеκһ
ȻЩˣ˵һ仰϶Ҳܹ׻Ƴǡ
ǣǶ˶ˣ
Ǹ˵أ̥ͿʼҲʮɣȻڣȴӵ˸ǵͬ
໥һۣӶԷпһĨء
ⲻһͨ


1813 
ʱ򣬴ѧԺУٴδһֻһΣһŮܱ䣬żֲͷ
ţ֮ǰǸ˻ɴ࣬һ֡Ӻ裬ȫûн˷һ
ͬȫǡ
Щͨƺղǵû̫𡣵˵ĶУȴͬһף
Ǹ˵վȣֱӴӰˤԵˣҲȫϢȣƴ˹ǿԼվ
ȻٿˤȥλȻûˤˤˣȴޱǱڵϽ˼ʮͷסΡȻ۵һһѪ
ѧԺУٴδһŮӵදС̡˵Ļûôˡ
춼ļҫЩʲôǹǸӡΪ׷䣬Լ˰
仰ѹ׻Ƴǡ
ǣһ̣һƬţ
ţ
ȺԭѧԺӵҪֵˣȫɵɵͣ˽Ųĵһɹɵĺð
ʲô
Ưôˣ
ո˵⼸˭ΪʲôоǵǵĶߣȴǵˣ
һ⣬˵չзӦģɫ˲ͱˡ
Ȼ󣬶˵תߣ
£˭Ҽȥ֣
ѧԺ棬˵϶̶ͬѨһ㣡
϶ѧԺ֧֣һ̣ڱ׻Ƴеˣ
Ϸȥɶ˼Ҽ仰Ū÷ңѧԺˣֵǿʲô̶ȣ
ѧԺ档
һ÷ˣµĳϣڿϡ
ոǷǼ˵ġ˵֮󣬸ûǰĿϡ
𣡡˵
ţүгϣɾˡҴûԹôóԵϡ÷ЦеĿϣü䣬ȥĺܡ
һͷϣ˵
ʱ򣬴ǱִһѽǼǲصȻ͵͵Թϣ̫ˣǸѾ˺üˡǳҲ˵һ
Ǳ߹һŰȹŮһͷ㷢һڼϣʤѩü续һ㡣
ѩһأǱߵһϷһƾóЦеĿŹ续Ů
֪һˣŮֱ߹ӹϣȻͬƾóһСףһϣͽӣС棬һۣóԣ
Ǳ߰УǿסεˣһĻûֱιȥ
ڣǱκ˶ҪѧԺУһȺֲĴڡҪǸˣ涼û¶ղųԺǳǵģǼŮ
⼸ˣȥһһֲ
໥һۣӶԷУǿֲ֮ɫ
ʱһ̧ͷĿһۣˣǶˣϽȥͬʱǳǸ߳Ժ־һ£¹šҼүøһʶԼʲôˣǾͱֻͷȥһˣƽɽΣһССĽѵ
ۣ
ۣ
ˣȫ̲סһѪֱӴӿе䡣
Ҫһ㣬ûܿסԼΣˤ䵽֮ȻûȴҲˤùǶϽۡ
һССĽѵֽ
أ
ڵʹѾȥˡ
֮ǰǸˣϽ߹˲ȻУ¶޾Ŀ־֮ɫ˲ƣ㳯׻Ƴ⣬ͬɥ֮Ȯһȥ
һΣߵģǷɵġΪѾɲˣ
̣һʼ׻ƳϿհŪ˫ĽӴʱ䡣˫̸ʲôӴΪʼգѧԺǱߣһӰûð
Ȼ׻ƳǰһǱ³
Ǳģ̫˿С
ˣȫеһĪ𺳣
ɣԭһֱǵƤӵ£
֮ǰһֱڳЦ˼ңҵ졭ǶЩʲô
ԭ²Ǹǵ˰
ѧԺ棬һȺɰ
׻ƳǣΪ£˶ܵ˾޴𶯡֮ǰЩҷԽѧԺǣӶҪˣ
׻ΪʲôԼЩãȫӻʼѧԺӳһԵѧԺ
ԭѧԺУŸ
ԭûк֣
հԶˣǻϰ
һʱ䣬׻ƳУ֪жٶеˣȫʼǵĿֻ꣬һطʹ
Ҫȥ
ȻҪ뷽跨ԼҵĺӣͽѧԺУ
û뵽ֱȥѧԺȴĺܣֱȥѧԺŶȥһᴥŭ˻ϡ
֮ǰǷԵôң˵˲ƣ˵쿪ôڿʵʵĺôˣȫͬһѲӬһһѷҪϳˣ
ôõ飡
ԣµĸӣڻʹǱߡֻҪϿڣţ»صģ
Ǳߣľ㱨֮ǵһȻ̾ϢһԸΣҪ
û֪ǸѾޱޱǿĳīʵѧԺУ
ʵīѾ뿪׻Ƴǣֻ֪µ൱ٰˡ
ȥһǧԭûмħӰ÷ˮͨҵһ˿
һɽУ˵ħ
ħʱȻӵźǿսīĵһӦҪͽޱȾ裬ʳīǲ׷ɱģ
ΪʱĳīѾһˡ
īЦ˵ǣħʾԼġ
ħȻţֱӶԳī֡
˵ħǳīĶ֣գۼ䣬ͱīõס˺
Ȼ󣬳īջ˵ħֱʩչһڤ˵
ǵ嵶֮󣬵ߵ͵ڰ˵ħһ𺳵ʳī˭
īû˵ħ֮Եֱ֣Ƕǵ˵һĻȻֱӳ֣ħϵĶָħž
ħ˽ʮ֮󣬾ͻɽȥɡ
ħʱųī񣬾ͬڿһ
֪꣬ȫܣҶɽ˽⣬ҪǿֱУ̫
ĳңһ
һοСµġ
һеһУħԼεĸоֱ̫棬Ҳ̫ˡ
ҪԳīлȴīƴס
īԵңЩ飬
󣬳īƮȻȥ


1814 ư
Ǳħīֱȥ˵ĵطҪܲٴ꣬ܲܵõ߱졣
һеһУȫ飬ûʲôֱ꣡
׼ȷ˵Ǿ鹫һ
ȻҲõ߱죡
һУ˵һֻһ
߱졢¯ٶȻصС
Ȼ󣬳īһ·ƵģƬԭ˳ֽ鷳ȻмĿУص˴ĵĽ
·ϣīѾ֪׻ƳǱ߷ʲôʵڳ֮ǰѾ㵽ˡ»һЩˡ
һ˫۾Ŀųīʵôоʲô鶼֪һأ㣬ҪҵǸô
īЦŵͷԣҾδķ
糺죬˵Ĳ£ǡѽҵͷеۡ
Ȼųī
ź̬꣬īֱֱֲ֧׵Щź
˽ֿ̹ĵʹȻһ·ҡֱϣΪʿÿÿ꣬ǰԱĳĵʹ
ۿԼϲˣʧԼǰʹ࣬ޱǿҵġ
һΣźˣ
īü䣬ŻϢ
Ƭ֮ҲãƽҲá
٣µһУʵģ
꣬İɣһԪӤ۷ʿˡīûи˵Ѫħͱ塣
ʵϣѪħϸġΪܲȶʵֻܼסһ顣ڳī֮£Ѿȫˡ
ī׿ڱ֤һȥı壬Ȼö߳ɹںһ
ֻУԳīĺ棬ֱҪըˣ
ȷѰǸܱܱ˵ģǣ˽꣬Ҳ̫һɣ֣û֪ģ
īûȥشô࣬Ϊܶ飬Ҫȥ֤Ҫȥ
ľ磬ҲǿĴﵽԪӤΡ
⻹Ϊ˻磬˽飬ӽõ˴ԴĽȻƾ˽Դ̤ԪӤľ硣
δīȴ
һҲоԵģ̵ʱ䣬嵽ߵľ磡
棬ֶԵ⣬ѾȫԽˣ
ƫͷųīȻ˵ī˵ǲϱӾѾʶ˰ȻǸʱôң
īЦЦǰϱӣ±ӡҲҵأ
̲סһۣ糺˵ˣôһ㣬ŵġ
īЦе֣Ȼֱӷɵ֮ϡ
գۼ䣬ǾͻصѧԺ
ۣһΣʱȥ
īѾ꣬һ·˽磬ɱѪħ棬Ȼɽ硣
˽ѧԺīѾӦĴСĹҲ˽ǿĵ۹û֮һ
һѩ÷ȺˣҲȫһ·߳ī˽磬ִɽ硣ǵľ磬Ȼīȣһֱž޴Ĳࡣ磬ǲûе̫ࡣ
ȫǳŬ
ī˽ʱ򣬾ѾҵЩѣ绨СѾƋOҵЩˣһ޴ĻԵǡԭϵīҲ˼ž
˽ʱ򣬻ȥһ˹棬һûȥҪЩУǸеүүϣĽ̸һȥƮŮۣ¹žȻȥ
ɽ磬īˣҵ˲ͬʱعħȻ󣬰ħһ𣬱ѩޡ
ʱţīѾɽ硣
Уīľĸ˸е˼顣
Ⱥ˽ʿոճΪе콾ʱīѾһŵĿֲǿߣΪһ磬ѾﵽΣ
˵ֱˣ
ôĹʷУûгֹ
ī磬ҵԼĸ׳ȻҲյЩˡϵͻԵЩǣǵľ磬
ԣīȻȥûʲô֪˶١˵УһŵĴ棡
һˣ
磬˿Խ޾ǺӹҪɱ
ûǼʥ
īһƾ͸˻ȥ
Ȼ󣬳īҵѪħı𣬳īûг֡һˣͽѪħɵˡ
ʱ䲻ϵƣīľ磬Ҳĸ
꣬һȺˣֱӴ׻ƴɱ
ī̵ʱ䣬е鷳
ʥ˾磬һ·嵽ʥȻֳ澳
УΪҫ۵һǣ
ûĶ֣κǿУһ֮С
ֱӽ׻ƴķӡ򿪣Ȼֽ׻ƴºϲһ
磬̫顣󣬳īǾȵķ֣ȻһеḶ́Ķ˾޴𣬵ʵϣ󣬵Ϊ澳ͷʱе飬ǻصһԭһ
ľ𣬵Ѿ޽ӽˣ
ΨһȽϴģҲ߸ŵȺˣǶУҪǿܶࡣһЩˣīûѡǷ̫ĽЩȫڸԵУΪٮٮߡ
˵ڵõ˳īĹž֮󣬺ܿһǿʿ
ûīǽīһĴˣһָǰеĵʦ
ʵϣīָԼǰеʦˣкܶ࣡
˵ơˮ
˵ˮ˫
кܶܶࡣ
ֻ棬ͬҲб
˵󹫼
ī˺ܶΣȴûһΣܹѰһ˿
·󹫼ǲڵģ
Ҳ˵׼Ҳͨ棬ֻϲţɷļء
īף磬ûȥˮָ֮顣֪ˮʵ꣬ǰͬһˡȴȫͬ꣡
ԣīûѡˮ̫Ľ
ֻһ·ָ꣬һ
ī浱УɹĶȹ̫٣澳Ϊһ̫ʿʱ꣬ҲӴʥɹͻƵ澳Ϊһľͷ
ʱī˽߳һ꣡
ֱˣһ̫棡
Ҳ̫һ㣡
ڳī̤̫Ͼһ죬棬ܵ˾޴𶯡
Ȼд澳ͷӱд򣬸īء
һΣûսֶΣͳɹĳΪߡ


1815 ֻ֮
īһƵļʥīèһʵʵؾصģһ㶼Խ
īҵӵƷ磬ָǡ
յֵܣԴī̬ȣȴͬԴҵʦһ㡣û취ҵ󡭡飬ʦǳ߲Ż顣
ī£ҲñȽϿ
ΪѾ˺ܶ顣
ЩĲµԼ״̬ô¡
Щ飬ҲҪͨ뿪֮ͨ󣬲ȥӡ֤
ڣֻ밲꣬ƽ
ͨվ˹һΣͨ˲ǳīĶ֣
ԳīţȴīܿƷˡ
ͨ˺𾪡
īȴֱӸ̸˺ܶ飬󣬳īֱӳ֣նȥͨе
ͨޱ𾪵ͬʱԼĲ֣ҲǿҵĻɡ߳īһΣصͨ磬Ҫ뿪ͨ磬ȥ硣
īҪȥȥ˵Ļдաͨ˳̣īҪȥ磬ҲҪ
Ұɡīͨ˵
ͨ˻ţԺܶ鶼ޱͨ͸Ψ͸īˡеһöСӣȫƿطΧ뵽һ綼ȫС
óīľ̫ϣỳɳīǲѾΪ˵еĴˣ
ī̫Ͼ磬ͨ˵УҲ൱˼ġͲܣҲӦã
ջǽʵΪϣ飬̫̫ࡣ־磬ʵĺܡ˵ֻأûܹ͸̲ŵܡ
֮ͨǰҪī˵һЩ
ûü˵ڣͱīֹˣȻ󣬳ī
ҲãҲãĶܿģԵĻϣ㻹ǲҪ˵ˡ
ͨ˳ױ𺳵ˣ
κ飬е𾪣
ųī૵ĪǡѾֻصİأ
Ҳô룬Ϊֻֻصܣ¡Уûκܰɣ
ֻôûСܶࡣīʵʵ˵ȷһЩֻصܣҲȷ˺ܶࡣֻأԼϾû취͵ܡ
ͨȥˣûгīչ˺ˮ
ΪûǸҪˡ
ǳīӣһΪۿžҪ̤̫Ͼ磬ٶȣﲻκæ
ˮȻһոյʥ˾ʲôָ˭ȣ䣬Ǿͽ뵽ʥҲȫˣ
ԣͨ˺ܷĵˡ
īУͣ˼ʮ꣬ȥ˲ٵطȥ̽һЩδ֪顣
ֹһεԶս
棬Ӳûһʿ̤Զս
Ⱥ飬ȫûн뵽ԶսСҲȫõ˾޴ĻԵ̫ϣ
վǸı˺ܶѽīҹǿգ̾
īһ㶼ڣָ֪ı䣬δĲȷԣûкڡ
Ϊ߸ߣ󣬺ܶ飬Ȼǻصһԭȥ
˵統Уӵŷƣߵһ
Ϊӵīʱ䣬Ǹ̫ࡣԣӵܿչֳһ棡
ŷƱϲӵģӵ㣬ȻϲҲʲô˼
ʥҪһӣȴӵֱӴ趼ϲûɱѾǸӣӼҶ£ҲֻűˣΪ̵Ļӵһ˾ܰӼҸƽˣ
˵ӵߣдǿѡ¡Ʒ硢Щֲǿķ飡
ӼȻٹ̣Щˣȴȫûκεġ
īҪ棬Щ˾Ϳ׾ٵİӼҸƷ
īĸо˵档飬ȥмƺȫ෴ķ򣬿ɵ󡭡ǰٴ뺣һȫͬһط
ֻͬصһְ
īĵУϵƣֲϵıƷٶơ
̵Уľ磬Ҳڷ̵С
棬Ѿʺͣˣ
ǣֱӴ꣬ͨ硣
һΣͨģֻһˡʣЩȫ浱С
֮ͨ󣬳īܸɴ࣬Ҳֱӡ꣬һһҵĴȥЩȫüɹ
û̫׺ݵɱ¾ֻǽЩ̫Ϲǣһһģȫϵˣ
һΣûнǵͷ­֮ϡ
̶ĹīͷѾͨ硣û˲֪ħͷ
ǵģħͷ
Ϊīһ̫ɴˣûκνͣ
ֱսһһҵĴȥõЩ壬֪ʲô֣
мͣҲûʲôɽ͵ġ
飬ʵһֱˣʵǿһʱ򣬾Ҳû˸Ҷ˵ˡʵãǾͲָˣֲýŲȣʯͷңпܵġ
īʮҹԭջǱ˳
ĺˣ
ˣ
һ£ˣʾ⡣мΪīʵмͬ飬Ǿͼʼˡ
Щ飬īҲû
ô֮ǰͲ⣬˵ڡ
ʮҹ壬һīɨһ顣
Ȼ󣬳īȥ˷ӣȥ̫޼̸Щʲôû֪ڳī֮ͨ㿪Ļ
һΣǰ˲֪ꡣ
ֹۣȥ˼ǧꡣīѽߵЩˣȫͨĳַٶȽһƬ³ǡ
ͨʷƺֻصԭ״̬ϸв𣬵ϣȴǼһġ
񱻳īƽˣҵصЩ飬ɱ֮󣬱ͨеЩʿֱӸݺݴ˻ȥҵеЩ飬ƺûôͷ
ǺܷŭҪٶɱһΣûɱīֱɱȥˣ
ӵŷƸ˳
ʱŵ
һ֮󣬳īɹĴ̫Ͼ磬˴澳硣
һΣһһֱɱͨ磬뵽Ĺ統С
еһУݡһΣīһʵȴҪǿ˲֪ٱȻٴЩˣҲоԵĵȥˣ
ڹ磬ԣһΣֱӽеǵӡˡҲûֱԭʼӡƵĵǡǣ߼ķѡһֱڳīߡ
īһΣûں顣Ϊʱϼ㣬Ҫں飬Ҫܳһ¡


1816 ֻ
īֱȥ磬ȡ龧ˡȻ󣬿ʼʵҲ̵Уٵš
һΣҪƴ־磬뵽ǸûĴ˵
ΪٶȣֱӴĳֽɵ
ˣֱɱ˹硣
ֱ仯һΣȴЩͬˡ
ĳīҲǿЩˣīͬɨһ㣬ɱ仨ˮһ㡣
󣬳īֱɱ֮أ֮ϵ֮ȫܣ
Կʼͳ磬Ȼһˣɱ˳ȥ
һҪıܶ飡
磬īһ֮ǰЩΣΣȻɹĴ˹ľӡ֮أ
֮ǰЩǣȫīһ˸ɹĸɵȻһ磬Ѿͣ˴澳ľۣ·Ͳôһ㡭ҪɹͻƵߵĲˣ
һΣīվǸֲ׷ɱߡ
ī޵ĻɣǸ׷ɱߣӦһ
ΪīǰûκηԷϵĵֱǿսĳ̶ȣ
һΣǸһֱӾͷЦΪͿ˵𣿴ƽпռһΣСӣӣ
Σīˣ
ɹӵˣ
Ȼڹİ֮¡
˷ŭַī
ٶȱǹصͽһ档
Ȼ󡭡һεֻء
īٶȻصԼʱһΣȥʱҪϴθ磡
ԼһӤ
һŮӣſ˵ӣԲ㣡ĺһ𳤴󣬿ȢϱӣԲ𡭡Բûа취㡭
ǡīУһ绮֪ˣ
ĸΣ˽ʱĳ
뿪˵ʲôգʲôû˵ɸĸһͨͽ˽統С
Ȼ󣬱޵нߣʼ
һΣīӼСʱ򣬾ѾʼˡûȥʲôѧԺûѡһʶ֪ûȥħ
ΪһΣīѾˣ⣬һ˵ֻأ
κ˶ûйϵ
̹ŵİ£뵽һ൱ֻ״̬С
״̬£ֻһϵı仯ʵġʣµЩˣʵˮһ㣡
ֻأЩˡЩ飬ͻ᳹׵ɢ
Ȼ˾úܱ·綼Ǽٵһ
īѾֵܹе⡣
ֻҪһǶţĻţô͹ˣ
һʵģ
һīٶȣǾˣֻʮʱ䣬ֱӳ棬һ̫ϾʿȻͨ磬ûоκˡֻǲϵϵĳߵľͲΣ
Ȼʮʱ򣬽뵽˴ľ硣
һʮʱֱɱ˹硣
һεĳīҪһθ׺
˵ֱӼǿĵؼģѾЩˡԣЩʲôӵͨī涼
һֱ֣Ӿʹɱһ֡
ԣһεĳīֱ͵˵궼Ϊ֮
̫ˣ
īһ·һĳ̹ŵľӡ֮أڽǷӡƻ˳ɵʱǸֲĴڣٴθе
Լݣӳīϸֳֻ֪ص㱻ˣ
û뵽ǿȻҲб˺ݺƵһ졣
ֱ̫ˣ
ֱӳ֣Ҫīѹóīٶѡ
һΣѾīƵ˳ɷӡ̹žֱɢһɿֲĲһεġīˡ
īʼһһεֻأ
ֱھŴΣ
ڶʮʱ򣬾Ѿɱˣ
ȥȴԼøǿ֮ɱΪīѾףǹΪȡʱ䡣һֽɵܻù񳹵ɢʧ䣡
ݳīĶҲˣҪɱֲĴڣԼ뵽һȫµĸ߲εС
ԣһΣʮĳīֱɱǸֲڻû֮ǰͽ̹ŵľӡ׻飡
һΣľȻӿ뵽ī嵱С
ȻǸֲڸϵ֮ǰīΣವһ£˲ʧƬռ䵱С
ʧ·ǳʧϣ뵽һάȵС
Ѿʧȥ˳īĺۼ
һ̣ī˫ۡ
һ׷ߣ
񣿡īоԼһΣ
ֻ˾
ԼʵΣ
һУʵģ
ĳֽɵɹĽ˹ľ񴫳УȻ
׷ûжҲûлش
ֻǱųīӰ͸ŵĲɣ
ʲôطī΢΢üվȻоԼ嵱У˱֮ǰӿµľʶҲϵɲ⡣
˵ԭ;ʶһˮôڣһƬ
־޴Ĳ࣬óīЩû취ܣ
̫ˣ
µǣīܹĸ֪Լľ磬Ҳûͻƴ
սȴǿ
ǿĳ̶ȣ
ѵǽ뵽򣿡īϣ¶һ˿Գ
־統ܽӴֶԵ⣬ֻص⣬ȫ˲˼ĳ̶ȡ
ͨľʹֻأīֻ̺ܣҲѾ˺ܶࡣ
˵ô٣֮ڣܹⷽǿīˣһƾĹ
һ̣īں顣
һߣ̹Ÿһԡ
ں飡īһУȥںߡ
Ϊܸоںڵƽȣֻ˯һŽں飬ȴ֣ôУں鶼ûа㷴Ӧ
ʱ򣬳īһ̹Ÿ̹Ÿˢһ£С
ָоһСӣԼĸĸһŨŨУīԼеܳԾ
ôī΢΢ü
Ȼ̹Ÿǰ
׷ߣͬҲǳ˯һһ۾Уûжɢī֪ߣһһŵˡ
ǰǲǹҶҪлīʩ
ʱ򣬴Ӳ֪ԶĵطȻ䴫һŭ𣺡īҹ̹š̹ţҲһĺ£ʧˣȻʧֵطҵ㣡ȻҷġһҪ˺ƬҶֽɵ̹ţ
īһӾ˭Ǹֲ
ȻҲˣ
ڿȥˣƺĲ졣Ȼʧֵط
⵽ʲôط
īҲ֪¡
ʱǰͷ׷ˣͻȻۡ
Ȼ󣬶ųīһЦգգۡ


1817 ҵĳ
īʱһͣͷ΢΢鴤һ£Ȼ˵ǰ
߽꣡һָڴߣųīգգۣʾīҪ˵Ȼ߿һΧĻֱһ֡Ƕʱʧû뿪̫ԶǳϷʮĵط
ʮֵطûûκ
īǶЩ鴤ͷǲû˯Ѱ
óīЩȵһĻ֮
һ̣һɢſֲϢӰֱӳ
ǸЩֵˣȳīҪᡣϣż
īӡʵ̫ˡǸһʵޱȿֲΣͽѹɱˣ
ī²⣬ӦþĴ֮һ
żʮīӢȻĬšڻ˵Ķ֡ī嵱Уȴһǿҵս⡣
ţǱǸ˵ĸ֪൱񣬾ڳīս֮ǰѾīսһֱ̣ӷһ
һѳīŵùǺ
ʵ̫ˣ
һ½ܱ˵һ
һһ֮£Ҳ϶Ҫ屬
ʵ̫ˣ˵뷨
óīеǣˣȻһ򣬺ݺһȥ
¡¡
޵Ļ統УֱӱһޱȴĿ貹â
ȻȻûʲôȻˡ
Ϊطκεƺ𲻵ʲôáһƬ磬κʵĶ
ī̲סһǰ׷ߣͷһգۣЦ
ʱ򣬾ͿǸˣĳ˷ֹǿȣη
īֻأһ缴ԽΣұ֤ԼܾĹΡԣˣǿսĴڡ
ƫƫһϹһȫ֪īľ巽λҲǵĴڡ
ī̲סٴο׷ͷͷЦеģһ⡣ǱҲһõ˵ġī̲סַҪͷ߸ƽˡ
ͷԲǹ
ӡе̹Ŵô֣
ӦǸޱߣֳ̹Ÿ̹Եл̼ǿ߻ҷڣ
ͷȴһͯĸоȻʵͬɲ⣬Ǹﶼˣתӣʵ԰ϵһ
ʱǸĴڣʼԶԶȥˡ
īŰ׷ˣҲȻЦҡҡͷһ֣һɺ嫵ֱӽīͳط
һ̣īȵķ֣Լں龹Ȼһεĳ֮ǰ֮ǰƬյС
ȻǸֲˣһ
Ȼִܲ٣īȻֱӳˣ
һΣīֱ֣ʯ쾪ģ
Ǳߡȫͬնֱǿ˷ָĳ̶ȡ
һõ̹Ÿʩչġ̹ſ죡
Ȼһֱֻ֣߱նԷ
̹˫
Ȼһûֵģī棬ֱӾͳһʡ
¡¡
ƬգһӾ̮ˣ
ȻһޱߵĹâ·ѾԽķ룬׵ı
һŭǹâ
̹šʹֽɵͨѵͲ£糹𣿡
Ĵ˳īĶС
īԵں飬ǿ۾һֱ̣ˡʵ̫ˣ
ƣֱͣ;ƿݵĵز
۾һ־޴
󣬳īܵ˶Էǹǿ󡣲ЩȵǣԼǸ˶ֵġΪʲôһΣԷƴһǣȴûκ˵ĸо
һ̣Ƭ棬ֱ̮ˣ
𣬲֪Ӱ쵽˶Զľ롣īֻоʱͿռڷĶĥ
īֽںӽԼľʶУ־磬Ҫסں飬ѡ
ţī̹Ÿ߱죬ֱɱڷ̮Ǹ
ΪǸĴڣ
īҪɱ
ī뵽һǸ˼ĴڣͬҲɱ˳Уڳһ
һ൱ϵ䵶ʵ޻κι󣬵ȴɢһľ޴ѹ
ɱǴѹ
ƺƵ߽٣
䵶īһϵĿ־Уȫ޷Ƶ
𾪣Ϊֿ־УӦô
㣬ȷôһˣҡ̹žȻýɵڰɳʧˣ־磬Ǹûа취ԽģֲΣҪôõҪôǵõսΪԣõһ¡Σʵյ㡣
ֱߵīǰĵĿųīȻ󵭵˵ԣԼͲһ㣬ͿԴӴͻƳȥʵֻĻþͬҲ̹ŵĻþΪܳɹֻ˾ò˵һֶΣܽɡҲܵ˷ɡǹƽģκʱ򣬶ǹƽġҪõʲôҪʲô磬ͬҲǲƽģЩʱȻ㸶Сûеõ
īĿˣû˵
˼˵УΪֻ㣬оһܹͻƵ߾磬ʵͬĸоǰйˡֻǣά棬ǿߣǴˡԣȻܹɱңʵҲһͻƲ˵ġϵ棬Ȼ㳤ǿϣҲȻһֱ϶ѣȻܷ
īˣȻЦҼɾģԷɣܹء
ǺƽĿųīбɱģ˵ô࣬ΪȷһšţУţ治סܳɳֵزΪ̹ŵİΪ棬һɲ˼̹šǱ֣ƶǰʵĶܸߣҿԱ֤㽫ܹøӶԴʱ˵ĿԴһֻϣһˣĿԳɾ
˶Գī˵ô໰Ȼ
˭īʵ
˺ȻЦһΪһ԰ɣΪʵҲֻ֪еŻС
ѵôīʵ
Ȼǡ˵ϣȻֳһĨ֮ɫʲôĿˡ
īУ͵һǿҵĲˬǿʲôĴô
Ƿ編ĻһĮȻĿųīȻ˵ңܹʶʲôŽУҲܹףʲôֻصİ塣ҵĳңῴһء
īһȻĿˡ
˵˵ôòܽܣ׵н磬ٵֶ硣һֺܳĶ˵СèС㣬УһֻСèСþԽܣþ÷ŭܹ۵ģ֮ڣֻһѡ


1818 
īһĿǰˣĺ˾ô˵ⷬġԼһ͵ģҪҲܵһ޶Ȳǣﵽ̶ֳȵĲҪҲʵܺˡ
Һ񡭡֪ˡīˣ˵Ȼ磬ʲô߸ϵĸά飬ǰɣôز㱾ˣҲˣȻ磬ҪҫҪ߼飿ǸѾ硣㣬Ҳ߹󣡡
˵УһĨΣյĹâųī˵ô˵ھܾˣҪãܾҵĺʲô
û˵꣬īֱӾͶˣ
ˣ˵һ䣬Ƿϻ
̹ʱ䣡
īֱ̹ʱ䡣
ǿʱ֮һ˲ʩ˵ϡ֮䣬˾ֱӱò˺ܶࡣ
ȥû˶
ø
ʱָڸγȸͲڣֶ
û˵꣬һαīˣ
һΣīʩչģȻ̹ʱ䣡
ֻһΣīʩչ̹ʱ䣬һΣȴͬˣһε̹ʱ䡭ֱӽһƬӡˣ
ʱ䣬·ճһУŻ򱶡
ţīݺһ˹ȥ
̹ſ죡
һֱ޵˵궼ҪΪ֮
ƴһǰ
һûлͷ·һͬʱնģǳīֵ߱졣
һѪɫâֱӽƬնˡն˵һֱۡ
ͬʱīն𣬺ݺһţ˵С
һµľɱ
뷨и񶷵սȫе˼ĳ̶ȡ
صˣбһŻһĹâŻ棬˲ŴһͷɵľޡҪѳīһڸɵ
¡¡
˫֮䣬ֱӶ̱һ
һľ졣
Ȼ󣬳ī壬ֱӸ׷ɳȥڰ֮УһѪ
ȥˡ
ʵϣīսصˣҲͬīһˡ
һֱۣīնϡ
ͷ­̫Ӳˣ
̹ŸȻͷ­֮ϣȴûܽͷ­пֱַ졣һķ
ͬʱīһţ˵ϣҲ˸߷ɳȥȻڿѪʵϣϵĹͷȴûѣ
ֱ֮۱նϣΪīһʵ̫׼ֱնڹͷ֮
Ȼīһشķͬ
ңʹõĹֶΣȫķ򹥻ϣǿᵽ
һսԳī˵൱ࡣ
ƬУ֪˶á
ʱĸطûʲô塣
ֳսУīҲ͸˶Էַ㡣ԣרŶŶԷ㣬зĹ
ԷصˣͬҲˣҲҵ˳īϵһЩ㡣㣬Գīкɱ
Ҫī飬һҪī׻ɱ
Ҫī컯Ҫõ̹ŵĴУȻ󣬶ȡΪ
Ϊֻлᣬ»صǸά硣ȻĻԶ
սһֱڳ̵С
īϣҲ˺صˣ̹ž޾УȡӴľ
չͨչ˸ֱ仯
ִ򶷣ʳ̶ȣֱ޷
ֻûйڡ
Ҳ֪Ƭ¼ŵȻᷢһֲĴս
ԭЩ˵ӦûᾪĴǱߣʵϣصˣѾƬӡĴǱߣûеõκεϢ
˲ϵսƬ棬Ҳڲϵ̮
֪ôĽȫ˸á
Ҳ֪жգһƬƬ硣
ǳ顣
ⳡսֱʷᵱСһľ֮ս
֮ǰʱĻٹȥ꣡
һս꣡
̫ˣ
ȻⳡսȻûн
īּսУϵĻԼԼøǿ
ͬʱҲоŷĸ㡣
ϣκε϶ڡֻҪûҳԷ㡣
ӷ˵㣬ֱޣ
̹߱ŸҲСˡ
ͬʱĹҲǳǿġóøָķ۳޷ƽĹ
˵ϣȷǸһ̬
ܶʱص˻ữߣ
ÿһߣӵĪܣȻԳīɱ
һʼʱ򣬳īܵشмΣյһˣ
̹ŴֻܰؾŴΣȴû취һֱ
ʵϣīѾõ̹ŵľ񴫳С
ԷսЩ굱Уϵ̹ŵĵ뷨
գȥʮʱ򣬳īڽ̹ŵĵ뷨ױԼĵ뷨ҿٳԼķ
ٴλӶе߱ʱԷ˵ϣ¶һ˿ɫ
ųīһĲ˼飬ôܣ
ΪʱĳīѾȫԭľͲΣ뵽˸һεС
ϣһѹԵƣǾӸµĿ
ȻӹǿϣûиܵǿʵϣɵԷѾһˣ
ʱһɲϵϢ˳ųī壬Ȼ
䣡
ǵϢֱͷ޾񷡣
Ƭԭ粻գ֮䣬Ȼ޾һ
ĳʼȻγһһŵǳ
ЩǳдС鲼޽գϰڿǳô࣡
ʱ򣬳īȻ䷢һȣ
ܶǳ˲俪ʼȼ˺ǣ
޾˳ųīϱ
ֳ̹Ÿͬڿٵһ
һܻһƬĻա
½
Ƭ棬һ˲䣬ʼ
ţīϢǿһɰԵޱߵϢ˳ųī忪ʼӳһ̣ӵգ
Ƭ嫵գڷ־ҵĲʲô˲õĴҪһ
Ǹɵˣ¶޾Ŀ־֮ɫôܣûôӵдһٵģһǻþǲܷ飡

Ĵ
ǴһǳǴһǡȫеһУ
գ
޾ĵ뷨
ʱ򣬳ī˵ӦҪл㣬лôʱĥ£ûҴޱߵѹô
ܵģⲻϹĹ򣬸ͲӵģŭҪֹһеķʼ֣Ŀʼƻ
ҪٵеǳҪٴνƬɻա
һУȴͽ͵ģΪЩǳһ飬˲ͻһǿķӰһС
ͬʱĴ磬ͬʱ˾


1819 Ĵ
𶯣ÿһ飬оĪļ£
Ĵ統Уκεһ飬ûӹϵļ¶ǶԤеʲôĴ·ˡ
Ĵ磬ʵ̫ˣ޽
ֱĵز
һʱ䣬û֪ʲô
Ĵߴĵ棬кܶųĹϴڣȴͬʱ䣬ſ۾Ǽ궼һʲôϣȫ¶֮ɫ
ǵĿУɵ˵һĻ
ôܣⲻĹ򣡡
Щ˵֮󣬾Ϳʼ˳˼
Ȼкܶˣһ˲䣬ȫ˵ͬһ֡
̹š
̹ţ
̹š
ˣ
꣬ʵͺֻ̹ܽѹȴȻþֶΣҲ޷ĥһ
ǵʵȻǿԸӵĳ̶ȣʵϣǵĲΣȴʼǱ̹ŵһȼģ
һܣĴ֮⣬֪ܵ飬ᳬʮ
̹һ
ǣȴȻ顣ˣ
ȫǿ˼ľ磬ȴȻûܰķ롣
Ψ̹ŲһΪ
磬ЩĴڣȫ֪¡ͬҲΪҪ硣
һеԴͷһԴ֮أֻصĿʼ
ֻϧΪֹ֮ϣûܹɹĽ뵽硣̹ԭлģȴˣ
Ҫ壬ٵ죬Ϊ忪ٳһ԰;
ûгɹ˶ڣ̹ŵͿػݺ룬ֱѹء
ʵЩ˴ȫһ£Ǿǣһ죬̹Żģ
ΪȺ˾ǿҲɱһͬҲûа취ĳ˽һȫ
ԣһֱڵȴͬʱҲһֱϣһ죬Զᵽ
ǲԴеӣҲ̫Ĳ֡
֮
ĸ˽ᷢı䣬Ĵ쵱еЩϴǲǲȴ⣡
֮Ըҷ˽ȥȻͲǻѱ䣬췴
еֶΣ׾ٵĽѹȥ
ջʧˣ
Ǹˣǻˣ
ִΨŻУ
˵УĴ硭Ƭ嫶ֲõ棬ģ
˵ڸ߲εάô񡭡ڵģûܹҵĴڡ
ûĳ񡣡ɴϽˣĵ޾ңԶ񷣬ֱӴ⼸ڵľʶС
ǵģûĳ񡣡Ҳˡ
컯ң󿪿ڣɱ
ȴȴʼûпڡûκһ㡣
ȴӦñ̬ġɴϽ˵
Կ࣬αأڣȴˡȻ˷Ե
飿컯ң˵
ȴ˵Կ࣬ܽѣ֣ȻǼõġ
֪˵ʲô˵Ǹ𣬽ɴֱӲΪһȻ󣬵Ŀ٣Ҳǵκˣ޷ֹˣ
Ǿȥȴ˵ΪʲôҪֹأȻֹˣǾȥˡǵķѿȻ󳤳ɲãҲãʲôҲáաʵҪǵ˼룬ǵĽ̻ġ
ֶΣ̫ɴϽ˵óģǱѣʲô̻Ҳء
˵ˣ˼룬ͻȻԱı䣬ʵϣõ϶Ҳӵջġȴ˵ʵһСʵ顭
ȫˡ
ʵȴһֱڰнŸʵ顣˵һǳȻ󽫴Ǩ뵽ǿǳСǸطĽɣķǵˣǾֽһδ١ǿǳϵˣȫĨҪɡ
˴ŭȻ־Ĩȥˣ
ʵϣȴе飬֪£֪ǾԻᷴԵġ
ΪǵĿУȻβŵһĵطȥҲͿˡαĨɱأɱǿԸҲܹܵˡ
ЩվǴȴԼģҲں顣鲻һ
ĳ֣ԸҲܽܵ顣ԣȫҪȥ磬ҪǸطĨ
꣬ǷӡʱǾͺ޷ǰ޷뵽ȥܻٵǸطȴ˵
꣬ˡһεʩչ˴ΰ죬Ѿڿʼγˡ磬Ҳһֱӻһ޾Ĵ½ȻƯʮ졣ǵĻˡɴϽ˵
γɣҪʱ䡣磬ȴѾǸ޷޷ƵˡɳȥˣһԽǸط׻ٵ˵
ԡ컯ңͷ
գȴҲͷӦˡ
󣬴Ĵ죬ɳһ֧ңԶ̹緽򣬿ʼǰ
ǱŵУīȻڸǸص֮ս
ۿӵϵΰ˶ҪˣҲ׷ˣԳīչ˷ľɱ
īϣĵˣһЩ˿ڣ궼޷ϡ
ȴһֱ侲Ӧš
֮ǰ˾ɱڣɱ
ȻҲûа취ɱˣӦȴҪ֮ǰҪ̫࣡
ڿٵĽţԷǸˣȴûС
ǲ࣡
˶÷еĽҪīĥû뵽ǣīȻҲѾ
˷ŭޱȵȡǷܣⰹ࣬С͵
ž
ī첲ݺݵĳһơ
֪磬дīĵһּ裡
ȥɵ˷ţɱī
ƬжԺ䡣
ͬҲ衣
ɵˣޱȵĲʣĴĶ֣ȥͼıĴ졣Ҫõ죬û뵽Ȼûܳɹ
Ȼǿ衣
ָоޱȾɥͬʱҲеķŭ
Ϊʲôһ࣬ô̵ʱ䣬ӵ͸ڵǸάһȻĳϵߣ
ӵ޿ƥе


1820 γ
ЩǾޱµݻֻһһԭʼ̬һĻۣȻ󾭹޾µۻճɳΪһϵ
̣ǰʱȥĻҪʱ䣡
ôʱ䣬ܳɳȻ󣬻ҪСͬɡǸάȣµģĵˡߵЩͬ࣡
еķȥ١
ߴڣЩһϣͿκεԣһСģпһްԡȻԷһڽԼЩ̵
ˣͬҲķеĽ
һ⵱УڵǸάȵ䣬ٻ硣ԣʹ޵ģʵࡣǽٻˣ
봴磬ȻЩȫɱٻصǸߵά硣ļҡ
ž
ʱ򣬳īһƳ
Ķ޾ңԶľ롣
ɵˣҲãҲãȫ൱˽⡣ҪīͣҲ˳ζʲô
еǹŭ𣬼ֱҪȼ
ʩչ޾ͨƴҪѹ࣡
ȻҲҪݺݵĳ⣬֪ζ
ϣ
īһ˵üġ
߱챬һޱǿҵɱɱֱӻޡΨһѪɫĹâֱָ˵üġ
˲Ϊ֮ѾˡīֹҲΡ
ЧĻҲˡ
ԣܳīøǿˣȴŷĽᣬɳīһüġ
Ȼʼ֣ͬҲڹī㡣
ôǷµġˣ
˵ǣһĨЦ
ۣ
һΣī߱죬ֱӴ̽˵üġ
˷һĴУ
ȻŲȻһҪ֮أ
īһ̽ţɵ˺֮
䡣
īһŤ
߱ĵ棬ֱ˵תһȦ

˵һηޱĲҽ壬ȻڷıС
ⲻܣһôɱңڿ
ʱһԳī𣺡ʲôһٻΪԼأ磬ҲǵģķȻҲôꣿˣ
䣡
һ˫ֱ֮ڱˡ
˵У¶޾ĺȻ֮ɫôţȻţīϣȻŲѷɫĸߵȼ
㡭֪㣬㵱껹һѵģôܰҵƿأ޷ţˣȻԻѵķÿһѵķУӡһƾЩЩûƿء
ȴΨһһ
īŮӵЦЦ㶮ʲô˭άܣάûа취ƽˣ
Ȼ̶
ĵԳīƽˡԭлߵġɳīϵֱֲ̫ˡѾ˵һ˲һ롣
ԣһΣ䡣
ûκתĿܡ
󷢳ʵ̹š㶯ֶΣʹýɵһٵģ
˵ⷬʱǿųī˵ġ
īӣһ޹ĵֲ̹š
ǣǣ󷢳ĲȻ㳹׵ʧƬ񷵱С
󣬳۳ڳīԣϴżָ֮ɫˣӦǷбȽǿˡǸ磬ҿ϶ûлɵ
īЦЦողǻ˵Ӹһﻹôã
ЦǲΪ˴̼ô
ôõʲôõϢûīųۡ
۵ͷȻһݸ˳ī
īĶã̾һ˵ĴȻлҪǿ󡣡
۵ͷ˵Ĵ˽⣬ӦòԳ֡Ĵ쵱УʵѷĴĴڣҲв١ţǳֵģӦЩ顣
˭޻ءī˵һ䣬Ȼֱ·Źķȥ
·ϣīѾںųȻ֪ں֮ǰЩ顣ֻص飬īû˵¹ϵش󣬾īҲûܳŪԼֻصء
ÿһֻأ֣涼Ϊһ˷
ԣЩֻصУīɴ˭ҲܣԼһˣŸָٶԽԽ졣
̹ŵľ񴫳УҲѾ׵õˡ
īҲҪص磬ȥ֤һ顣ҪȥԼ˾ֻ֮֮صЩǣǷӦı仯
תīں˺ܳһ¡
ڻص˹ȴЩǸطı仯ˣ
ӴѾʧˡȡ֮ģǸطһƬӴ嫵ľ޴½ƯյСƬ½ֱ޽ĳ̶ȣ
īںˣ޾ңԶľ룬һǿҵ𺳸С
⡭ǹ磿ںʾš
īͬҲֲ˼ĸо
Ƭ½֮ϣ뵾Уʮ죬֣
һ嫵Ĵ½ʮ졭⣬һĳΰں˵ţתͷһ𺳵ĿųīϣȻû£ֱӿٳһ磡ֱ̫ˣ
ҿٳģī΢΢üΪûоԼ¡
ȻǸսĹУ̹ŸٵأΪ˸ԣʵϣٵأٵĲǸ嫵Ĵ棬ﰡںһ˷ܣȻ˵ϿģʶƶķȻ󡭡Ҳ£ò˶ãͻǱߵɱˣǲۿһ磬ǰģ
īͷȻʼԼʶȥ޾ңԶǰƬΰ硣
һ˲䣡
ͨѪĸоʱڳī档
硭ǻģīһ𺳣
ֱš
Ȼһֱ֪еЩǳȫġ澳ʱ򣬾ѾܹĸܵЩǳĵǰһƬ޽Ĵ磬ҾȻ˼άģ
𺳵ͬʱЩֲˣ
ֲֿĸоԳī˵ܿҲʧˡΪƬ嫵ĴиܵģǿҵУ
磬ĺһ

īһȻʼƶַƶͬʱܹоһ˿˿Ƭ½ƮɢȻע뵽嵱С
ܿģЩԽԽֱ࣬ڳī嵱УγһƵĳΡ
ǡ


1821 ֻص
īȻûмʲôӵģһ̣Уֱһͷ϶Լ嵱γɵⶫ
¸֪ں飬ںҲһĲ˼飬ųī૵ϣҼġΪǿҲΪֲ顣ȻַʽԼ嵱УһöҲĴεõġҸҿ϶ǿ϶ַͨʽõ
ڣۡī˵
ܸоԼöγɵǳȫûа취ﵽʲô˵ЩѾ͵ž޴Ĳࡣ
īȴûио˿ľɥоޱȵҡԼܹӵнֳɾͣˡ
٣̹ŵԸѾʵһˣ
磬ǰγɵС
ʱںһĵϣǵγɵĹؼʱ̣ĴǱߵˣһǰԣʱǱҪסһҪõ糹γ֮ٿڣ
īͷں˵ҲĺܡʱͿڵĻȻҲʱסһЩˣʱˣɶױƲ˵Ե˺ۡ
Ȼȥī˵
Щ꣬˵̹УǰδеĴʱ
Ϊһҹ֮䣬磬ͻȻ䷢˷츲صı仯
ͷϵǿգƺһʧˡøˣ
ָоԭһ棬Ȼеƣȴɡӣȫʧˣ
йе飬ȫһӣܵɡ
ָо飬̲סϲ
ʮ컹ڲϵγɵУˣ濴κ顣
飬ȫۼ֮
ߣкܶˣЩ굱Уӵǿʵ
˵ԭһֱ츳һ㣬ЩͻȻһ죬ǿһ㣬һʵҡֱϣ
ϣȻѾһ̫۷徳ʿ
ֱ˵Ԥϡ
ͬԤϵģ÷֮ǰ÷ʵһֱǳīŵڵβ֡Ǹͬʱϣһҹ֮䣬ʵԴǣ
Ȼû̫Ͼ磬ȴѾ澳Ϊһľͷ
ͬģֹ
ԭ൱һ˲ãں̵ܶʱڣѾ̫Ͼ磬ȻѾΪһ̫۷徳Ĺ漶ʿ
Ϻиϵʿԭ˲ãһʵɲ⣬뷨ȫ񵽲˼ľ硣ָһһ磬Ѿﵽ˽Ǹ
ңϺиϵʿ˵嵱Уʼ۳
ʵ֪ϺиϵʿԼҲ֪ƣԶȺõ֡Ҫ
īߵˣȫһҹ֮
֮ǰһֱеһΣȻҲѾҲѾһ澳ʿˡ
˵һˣֱ仯ǻпԭˣȫõ˾޴е㲻ˡ
Ȼ˵֮ԴͨḻȻ˵īµĴйȫһ֣ΪʲôЩīûཻ̫ˣȻʡ
ֻиīϵ׽Щˣһʵȫͻͽ
ЩԼʶЩԾˡǸɴȥϺиϵʿϣõ
ǲûеõһرȷĴ𰸣Ϻе˵һУֻܸйϵ
;ģϺҲ˵ˡ
磬һҹ֮䣬췭ظľ䡣ȻһеȫʧˣȻ㲻ʲôȴֱֱܵ£һͳīйϵ
īںˣѾ뿪̫ˡ̫õ¡
ЩҲѾӦߵݣµĸѾȥôǿҡԳī˼ȴȻûмٰ֣ǿ
ֱ仯˶ܿģ֪īڣ
ǻڵųīƬ½
ΪѾһոµˣ
е飬ȫֱ仯Ϊ֮ϲ
Ϊһ½ȻޱӴ󣬵ȥ໥֮޷ͨҲ˱ʵı仯
ԣЩ飬Ҳʼģ֮߸ϹͨϵҲö
һ½ڶ̶ǧʱͷ˾޴ı仯ǿߣˣȻսҲǲɱġ
һʼЩ㲻״ǣͼҪԭ֮صƬǳƬطǱ˴ѡΪǸطľǳ㡣
ھ˼ʹʧ֮ЩѧˡңһЩڳīĴ˵ҲŹͨͽȥ
Щǣֱ仯Ҳ˳һĵط
尡
ȻȻһЩʿд˼ȥˣȴԽԽˡֱѾһҲûˡ
ΪЩı仯ʵ̫ˣ
ֱƣһ˳Ϳһ
ǳ棬޵еĴڡܶ˶ڴ˵ڣʵѾ鲼磬嫴½ÿһĵ̸̵Ĵʼˣ
ظУЩĻη
ҲģΪģÿ궼дӲ֪Զطˣﳯʥ
ãܹһڲˣἤ̲סᡣ
ͬʱѧԺôĻۣҲںıǿ
Ϊϣ֮ѧԺ
ǳѧԺĴڣ˺ܶ黳ǧ꣬ݻĴ½֮ϣʼԽԽѧԺ֡
˷֣ÿһѧԺеˣһ֣
ֱ仯Ҳֻгīߣܹĸ֪
ԣīʱʶһɨѾ֪ȫǰ
Ȼ󣬳īϣ¶ĵЦݡ
ֱ仯ϲģ
һ̣īں飬Ѿ˳ĹȺ档
Ĺֱ塭׺䶯ˣ
Ϊֵʵ̫ͻأˣû˻뵽ʱ
ڹĴ󹫼һųȻ˳īһӵ
ī󹫼ëЩĵƽҲûô鰡ôˣ
ƽգ죿󹫼ųīһı飬Ȼ˵Сӣ֪֪Ѿ˶ˣ˵˼ү־磬ѾʱµˡȷѾܾúܾúܾöûмˣ֪֪ҪٲڲҲҪΪһˣھһ˵
󹫼Ļʵһ㶼šôõţ̫˶ѾɳˡЩĺ󱲣īĵ񣬼īĻīĹ£˵ǾųīĹ³ģ


1822 
Щ£ģҲͱ˴˵һһ˵ĿڿഫȻûʧȥԭζˣѾΪĴ˵
һЩһڻɣīˣûд
ȻĻΪʲô޾£ûκϢأ
ˮҲܿˡ
Ů˽īĻ̲סˡ
ʵ̫˼īˣ޾¹ȥǵΪ;磬Ѿһ־ߵľ磬־磬ľƽͣһαչؾǼǧꡣ
ָоʵͦįġͳͮ̽ǣּįȻ޷Žġ
Ψһ֧Ǽȥģʵǵȴī
ԼλӣīУʵЩεġǶˮ
ڵһֻصʱ򣬷Ȣˮˮһ񻳱ˮīУͻȻһ
ʵǺܰģ
ָ飬ͲʱͿռܹģ
ԣԲ𣡡
Ƕ⣡ˮԽã˵
ԽԽˣ߾ۼ
̫ˣ
ī˼ʥ
ǸˣȻһףȻӢ˫۾ѾµĲɣīɺܿġ
ļʥһ磬Ѿ澳
ֳɾôġԣ棬ǳмīЩ£óһЦ̸ˡȫǲһʱġ
ħȥҲЩˣֻϣȴǴſĵЦݡųīͷˣͺã
īͷţˣһΣǿԲսˣպҽ
˴ϲ
һ㶼óīΪʲôͻأ֮ΪǵľȻҲѾޱȸˣʵϣīľ磬Ѿȫ޷
ңԽ߾磬ԽһֵĻ֣̿ʼļ䡣
һռ⣬ʼǡ
ҴҪȥ
ԣ⣡⣬ÿһӵŸߵȼǻ۵顣
⣬īҲѸһĴ𰸣ȴ΢һֻء
һΣҪԼľֻ򵽵ȫͷȫ
ҪЩԼǡ
ûд磬ֻ֮ܰۡ
պ󣬳īֱӵ̨
ں飬һ档Ȼ޾£ȴ޾УīϣһǾ̫̫֪顣
īһйأ
ںУһֺǿҵֱоīһμпֱܻӴӴͻƳȥһν֮
ΪʲôͻȻһǿҵֱԼЩ˵
īһαȽڲʸģֻڲЩˡ
ѧԺеЩϽǣҲͨЩ̫ϹǣҲұī
޾ȥǵһΪҲѾȶ澳۷ĲΡΪгīµķӡԣЩ˼ȫܼͻƵߵľ硣
ԼΪҲȫ⡣Ѿ׵ĸĹˡڳѧԺ޾Уµġȫ
ǽ̳ĺӣһһǶء˵ܶҲ˵귢Щ飬ȴȫû̫⡣
ϾЩ飬̫Զˣ
м侭ͨʱʱ֮ʱѾ뵽̹ŵʱ
м䣬ֱдܶಿĹʷˡԣȺ̫ͨϹǣЩ飬µЩҲѾŹţһ㱻ĥˡ
һαȫоʮ⣬ЩšȻҲ˾޴ľϲ
һ붼ȥͷǵ
Ȼīڼ֮󣬵һ£ֱӽǵķӡˡ
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īû˵̫ûʵĻҲûйȥʲôߵļӡⷬȺ̫Ϲ˵ȴͬҹеյһֱĸĳ̶ȡ
е̫Ϲ棬һīʩ
ӽ̻壬ҵȱؽģ
ӣ
һƺģȫûа㲻Ը
ң񣬻ܳƺīһӵˣʵǲˡ
ƺҪǴȥ֪ɷ˶ˡ
󣬳īʼûκʧһġֻأ
һνī㽲꣡
굱Уݣ˵һ仰ľ䣡
ٵһӣʡ
Ĺ̵У̫˵ͻˣ
ͬҲ̫ˣϵĵָоʵ̫ˣ
ܶ˵ж֣ŵϦͷ
īĽûЩµĶΪ򣬽иӵĴһ
˵ޱߣ·ûоͷֻҪûƣ룬ôһֱ·ǰߡȻ󣬽ǵһУ¼¼飬츣ˡϣгһգЩ۵ĺͯոʶֵʱ򣬾ͿԶЩĵͿϵĵͷ
ʱУһţӷ𣬹Ӵԣƣ
𣬴ƣһţһ
ԭϺиϵʿҲһֱǸһ˲ͬ˳īľ֮ӡ֤ԼȫѧָоһͬඥĶУ
ԽǸˣ֮ջҲԽ
ں飬ʼϥڰУ˵壬ɢŽɫĹâ
̹ŸīٶȽ
Ϊںǳ˳ī֮⣬ʺƿ̹Ÿˡ
֮ںԵĸоԼĽ
ϣǡܹۿīͻƣ
īܹʱͻƣô֮Ĵַǽе
Ȼ˵ܹ׾ٵĻ٣īԳΪһѹ˵Ĵڣ̹Ծǿҵģ
ںûв´
ֱܾ׼
īڽ֮˵ȷʺϣ˸ı仯
Ȼһʮ֮ϡ
ʧһ˲䣬ʮ⣬һϸϸģȴ֪ж೤磬˳ī
٣
һĻֱ𾪵ˣ
û˻ţ˳īִľ磬Ȼ٣
ô١ʲô٣
ͮͳԽܣҲѾ̫۷漶໥һۣӶԷпһĨ֮ɫ
ҪͻˣͮУ޴ľϲ
ȥǵģͬһ˷ܵ˵
ǡ֮ϣо𣿡ͮеɻʵ޾ߵˣҲȫ̽⡣
Ϻкϵʿ˵֮ϣȷûоˣ
֮ǿΪϵĽ
ϺкϵʿҲͬΪޱߣֹ˵֮ϣиߵĲΣΪ֪
īܹϺ˵⻰
˭û뵽һ죬Ȼô죿


1823 
ī֮꣬󣬾Ȼֱӭ٣
ֻ٣ȴǸκһ٣ȥͬ
һϸϸ磬˶ܲκεΣաּ磬˵ȺֲˣҪԵ磬Ҫֲöࡣ
ڳЩ˵УȴûΪǵûΣաԽ٣Ĵ綼ܴûгֹ١
û˻֪٣Σյʲô̶ȡ
īʮ֮ϣǵϸϸ磬ֱ
ûܣΪҲҪһ£٣
壬ûʲôо޾īƿأѾһѰĵز
󣬳īоǰȻһ㱡
ȻһεģصСʱ
⡭īǳ鴤ţôû뵽Ե٣һףȻǹֻصģ
ֱ֣ᳵ·ˣ
УͻȻ뵽̹Ŵ˲䣬īһ
񡭡
̹
ԣ飬пܣԤԵģ
˵̹ŴǲǡҲأ
ͷڳīУ֮ȥ
Ϊû֪̹žôģҲû˸¶ԡ˵֮󣬶ɹٱɳ
ûгɹû˸ԡ
īȴȻָо
ɹ֮󣬺ܿܣͻ뵽
һֲ²⣬ȴ޽ӽʵˡ
ͬʱҲ˳īһѡȻҲͬᱻƣҲͬܵ˺
ڣ޷ǣǸδ֪Ŀռ棬Ǹ׺ӰͷͯЦݡˣǸͷпܾ̹ţ
ΪʲôǸӣīö֪
ǹġңҲֿܰɡ
ֻصĿ飬īӦûκѶˡ
һΣĸӾϸ棡
ʼÿһѣ
ԸǽϵĽϵİǣ
ԣͣ˺ܾúܾãʱģǧôã
ôĳɹȴʮ֮µ̹Ŵ½ϵЩеÿһˣӲıī˴ľ磡
ԭѾԽ̫ϾϺиϵʿǱīһȫµС
ԣīٵֻһ˲䣡
Ϻиϵʿˣͬһʱ䣬˫۱޾⣬Ȼ󡭡ˬˬϸ죬ɽȥˣ
īٵֻؿУǧꡣ˵УʵҲֻһ˲䣡
һ˲䣬̫˲ˣ
嵱УиīйЩ漶ˣһӾͶˣ
󹫼ҲīӲǸҵˣƴĹĶ
ԣޱ𺳵һĻˡ
īʮ֮۶ɽ١ʮ֮£ͬĳ漶Ҳһ˲䣬׷׶ɽˣ
˵ʱҪǻһΪīҲľͰװ׵ӵôĵˡ
̫Ǹеϲˡ
ˣһ˲䣬˴ԭľ粻ϷԾĹ̡
ԭЩȽϵ͵ģǷ޵Ⱥˣ޾£ȻһֱǳŬʵñȽԶһΣǵΪ֮죬Լо˿־塣һƻõĸо
˵ΪĻľزȣ޾ħ
ʵϣȺ˾ȻûһħΣžǵľȻһѰһϵͷųӦľ
ֻأ
īոս꣬Ҫľ
ȺҲȫһǳīֻصڰǣ
Ȼ֪īʲôȴףīһֱûǣ
Ⱥ̫ͨϹǡһΣҲڸҪһλᣡ
īûзǣյжԹҲ˽
ûţīȻԼٵĻᣬһֱԼߵ˷һָɱ䣡
ֶΣأǻۣȷ޷󼰵ĸо
壬ڶɽ٣
̹磬޽Ĵ磬ֶˣ
ȫſ޾ңԶĳ巽򣬶̲סһֹȥߵݵĳ嶯
Ǳߡ
īȹһ֮󣬾þöûеڶٽ١УͬҲڶΪһΣֱ֤̫ණ
޾֮УһƬƬ嫵Ľƾ֪ˣ
ĵֻ֮еĺܶܡ
ȻﲻȥƿֻػǴֻ̽ܵĳ̶ȣϾһˡ
īڵȴţڶٵĽ١
ָоڶ٣Ӧøֻ޹ˣ
ܾ֮󣬵ڶϸϸף
һΣīܹоԼʶͼ䣬һӾͱӡˣ
ָо˷ǳ·ͻȻʧĸоһʲô벻ˡīûлңһ˫۾ɢŵĹâУһǡ
ڶɽ٣ڶһֲֺܿ٣
ī
ʱǰͻȻһȺˡȻ󣬳īͱ뵽һƵȥ
棬Ǻɱǿֲǿߣɱ޹顣
īһǳˮһӿ̫̫ļ䡣
䣬ǹڳһģ
˿̵ĳī·ֻصǸʱΪĸ˫ӡ
ЩɱԼ˵ˣ۾һӾͺˣ̧־һ
һӰɣ
ȻûҲˡ
Щ¾ӰһȫŴˣ·ȫŻһֲǿߡ
ī΢΢üһֺܲĸоƺӦô
ԣΪʲôһӵǿʵīԼôǿΪļ䣬ӦÿȺ˱ɱӦôǿ
ī֪ǣǱڶɽٵһ̫ͨϹ棬Ҳոһƻɵλһƣ̫ϹֱһѪȻˣҪһ
ٺϣͽ򵽻ɢ
ؼʱ̣Ϻгһ֣Ķѡ
ϺУͬ١һϸϸ磬ҲϺ
ԣϺҲֻܰһΡ
ǸԵͨ棬Ϻ޾мƴ̷һЩҩֿ֮ʼȫעĶԸǰ
ȴ֪ոѾڹŹһ⣬һ㣬ɢˣ
ΪīѾ˲Ծ
Щ䣬ԭӦһѵļŶԣ
īУֱǱһӣļ䣬ӿֳ
ǹ֮ļ䣬Уͬ˴ĳˡÿοЩ˵ʱ򣬳īһֳ嶯ȫɱ⣡
󣬳īסˡ
Ϊӵ̫ǿЩ˵ޱȿֲĳУһͷ
ԣЩУЩ֮ǰѾһеΣȫǰˡ
ţīһ˿
飬ıϣҲ
֪һε٣


1824 
ī֮ڶ٣ҲѾǳɹȹˡ
Ȼ󣬳īվʮ⣬޾֮У˼٣һֻأһõ˼ָо֮˵
īĵУȴֱһء
һ˫Уų޾ֻ֮֮⣬ֹâ໥棬໥ӳ
һĿֻ֮ĹϵֱӱᱻϤ
𣿡ī
Ϊ־磬ǲ߱ġҲû˵ı¡֪ʵ졣һۿԷ
ͱ˵֣ڹȥԼû취Լ飬һƬհףһƬ硣
ڳīĿע£ԵͱȻ¶ҲֻһǣȴѾܹˡ
⣬Ǹռ⡪ҴҪȥ
īڣԼȻҲһĽˡȻδǶԵģҲʵʮǧ٣Ѿ޾˵ʵѾһ˲õĳɾˣ
īڵȴţٵĵ
ΪΪ٣ֻ
ǰֻغô٣ֽʲôأ
ʱ򣬴Ǹ֮ϣ޾֮Уһϸϸ磬ųīߣƵ
˵Ҳ˵ڳīУȻģīһַ˲ܿ硣޾˵磬ͬǿֲƥģ
磬ǰͬǺɫģ
ī
֮âߡȻյУǳһϸϸĺɫߡ
īһΣͬûȥֵ
ɫ塣
٣ӱܾӵùġīȻû˵ص٣ûоõ̹ŴлԼģ٣ܶܣ
ɫ壬īӣʱһֱ
Ȼ󣬳īУ¶һĨãȻ֮ɫ漴ϣ¶һĨ֮ɫ
ֻû˭ܹīı仯ȻĻϤˣһᱻŵı飬ûгϹ
īһΣ뵽һİĻС
۵һ˲䣬еļ䣬һαӡ
ֻ֪ԼгīһĶӡ
ֽгǴĹһ󽫾ȨϴСһ𳤴󣬽Ī档ˣڴĹνһ֮£֮ϡӵȨơ
ƫƫģΪӵĳīȴһķϲġ
ͨƫⳤ໹ܳ󣬸òӢΰĸ׳͹ɫĸ׼ȫҲ֮
ںܶ˶ڰ︹̣˵ҵӣʮа˾ΪͼȻ͵͵ĺӡ
Ҳкܶ˲ͬΪȻǱѵܱһŨüۻòĺӣΪʲôҪһ
˵īӣ϶ǳĶӣΪʲôôôأʮа˾ţ󽫾ɱ̫йأ
ⱨӦˣ
˵Ǿǵı񣬿ɶԵй˵ǾһɱǶħһĴڡǹҵˣȻɵй˻ᰡ
ϧһ˽ܣϧɫǣĺӣȴȱݣϧ
Ϊʲôǲأ
ҪôҪôǸӸоɣ
ѾǷˣȫĸʲô
۶еˣµۣȫࡪͬͼȻΪǵĶӳīһصصķ
֮Աơ
ĳīСˡʼ󣬿ʼ߳ĵʱԭʵԸ񣬽ЩˡЩĬЩԸˡ
³ͼȫ˵󣬲ǳƣҲаҲǳ󡣵һ˵û̫áΪߵģīܸܵĶ⡣
ʮʱһλ֮ϣȽãֶ˼ƣͬʱҲʵֵܵĶӣ뿪ЦϹгīѡһµĹȻҪ¶
ԭīϣûʲôڸССûѣΪªʻС鶼
ûͬûкѣκ˼ޱ߿ѾǺܸˡ
һλʼҵᣬҲΪеٹ٣ҪԼļμӡīŲòӲͷƤ
˭û뵽ϺȾƺȸˣȻ־
Ѿʮ꣬ʷ伮֮ʵѾܴϻˡȻûһһߺƤңȴһ൱ϻ۵ͷԡ
īܴ˵ǾͬʱҲУΧ˵൱֪
ȫܸܵŻ仰棬һ䳡˲÷ǳΡ
ЩԭһЦ绨Ļ幫ǣЩ仰֮ȫŵûʧɫǼ˹һһЩķӦģ˲Ͷˡ
Щûа취Ļ幫Ҳȫֱӵͷȥóīǵ³īѡǡ
ΪǲҡҲû취ΥʥԣַֻʾԼĿܡ
Щٹǣһı㡢ϼ޻֮ȫһƵЦݣЦеĿһС
ǵϣʲôġ֪ģΪǶףء
ЩٹٵļҾǣһȫͷЦЦǿҪԸ޸īǲŽмˣ
ҵȨƺȷǸߣߵ֡Щ壬Ҳ
һѰС٣ƻŮ޸īȻǳȻҲνֻҪܸҳϹϵ㹻ˡ
ǲҪ
ǿɲԼҵŮ޸һˡǵŮҲǲԸīʲôϵ
ͻôһ飬óͼֱӾΣǲֱӿھܾΪǺˣڲӣҲ˺˶ӵ
ҲЩˡкڲڸԼֵܵĶһţǺڲͥ
ԼҵЩʲô϶Ը޸īһī⺢ӡָĸʱٱܾĻֿɾʹˡ
лŭΪԼϷŪԼ棬Ҳеǳⲻȥ
󣬼˵Ŀ⣬ȫ䵽īϡ
Щǣס˺ȥī۾
ʱ򣬳īͻȻЦųªϣЦȿ޻ѿеĹȫ͵һˣ϶ʶôҪѡǵһˣ
Щٹǣȫ̲ס¶һĨġײЦݡ
ϴһֳƣ
һΣΣԻԻ
Ϊֳ棬˵ģǳīǸª꣬гӣһ²̨
ǵ˼죬ڵſЦ


1825 
еգһӾͱЩЩֵʦǣҲȫʶͣīߡ
īܳЦݣȥΨһ˫۾ǳҲֻܴݴȫĳªòڣĸĸͼ֮⣬û˻ע⵽
ǰһǶŻʩ񣺡ֲ̧̿ѡ
ܸɾҲࡣûеηηûΨΨŵŵ̧ͷ󵨵ĿϴżĻϣҽܡ

£ͼУ̲סһͬʱһɱ˺۵ĸоӿ
ίˣ
ô˵棬Ҫ˼ϵ棬û˵ܾ˵ҽܡ֪ӵ棬һǳίġ
ΪʲôҽܣΪܽܣΪˣҲֻȡ裡
ΪһսʤѪɫѿ΢΢ͷ˫ĿУŵľӨӵϣ
ǼӲļƷľӵķ֣Ѿץˣ
촷ۣɢڵء
û˿һĻˣȫһ¡Ƕ֪λ󽫾棬Ǹоˣ
Ȧ΢죬ȴ΢ЦԼĶӣмѹΪԼӵĶ¸еǿģҶŲ壬ȴǿŽģ
ʱҲ̲סһɨһۣȴȻһ£֪Լ治ˡҲûвȵİ취
ʱλվ˵Ը޸īĻʵ£ҲԲĹȥˡ
ȻǺȶ˾ƣһʱ׮£ʵϣҲں֡Ȳ˵ϵ˫ӽܣóءīӣҲһ˽ⶼûеġ
Ȼ⺢ӿȥܹƧѶûСʵϣòª꣬ȴһĺӣ
ʷ伮ͨѧ䲻󣬵ȴһѧʵˡ
ʵòªҲԻһ൱ֵ
ϵĿ⣬ɨԼЩ׵Ů
ȺʮСһȫĵͷ˭˵
һЩ֮ǰͶģʱѾʼĵˣ
ǡҲʵеΣܲǿеָ鰡˵ʧȥ˳ˡ
ʱǱ߻׹ݵУֱվһŮŮȥʮ꣬ٵĳ磬һȹӯӯһգüɽ۲ˮʤѩһӡһһЦߵǳˣһľˡ
飬ǵϵľŹģӵž޴ҪȢˣֱ಻ʤ
󳼣䣬λŹһϲŵ˵͹ȫѷɫ̫ӣ
һļˣġòվѣ黭ͨ¡ȻһôΪ֪ݡǵǿ˯ŮɵĹŵӣ
˯Ůɣ˵һ˼ղϣһʵھ¡ײβܹΪͽѾ˺ܶඥڵԤϡ
ݣ֪˷ǳϡ١ȥݣ棬ҲΪˡ
Ҫ׵ˣ֮꣬಻ʤȴûĸɹڹ̫ӣԹ׹ûгɹ
ܶ˶˵鹫ͬһŮʳ˼̻ϣûĸῡܹ
ԣ鹫ȻѾʮˣȴһֱûл䡣Ҫ֪£ʼҵĹʮ꣬ͶָĽˡ
ǵĻ£ʵҲɼġ
ϼŹվ¾þƳˣ˵ӶЩհסףʱŶվʲôòǡ
뵽⣬ѾҼȥˣҪǽֿɾ̫ˣ
þŹΪ޵һ仨ž޵֮Ů˳ҵĳªī£붼˾ò˼顣һҪˣȥ룬īδΡ
ʮ׵һ죡
Ϊֱ̫˼ˣ
еˣվҲȫסˡ
ҵӵܣһ۾ɵԲȫʸȢЩῡܣ¾кüվ
һĹӣȥʮ˾꣬ͦΣòӢһ֮ǵһƷԱ֪ԶСӣء۶˳Ϊ֮ס
ν٣ѫӵܡÿһžž޵ı졣٣ɲƨǵӵܣĶ˲š
Ԥԣδĵĳ֮ϣȻ˵һϯ֮أңԲǲλã
ϲŹһֱڷ׷֪˺ܶ࣬Ҳһˡ۶壬µƽգȫ֪顣
ŹûиذᡣؿԼ㣬ֻҪ㹻㣬һ죬һ򶯾Źĵġ
һֱضû̫żҲûִ̫顣κһŮˣϲΪôˡһĲӣŲȥ顣
ʱ˿̣Щ̲סˣΪһˣܿŹҪʲô
Ҫȳ
ǣֳ˭ȣΨŹ㲻԰
һͷӦⳡ££ɾʵˡ
󽫾ʲôˣһ޺ô˿۵ƽô
ǲ
Ǵĵ۹УΪž޵һ
˫ݺءΪĴ˴ƬĽϵľǿκӣ
ļֻҪͷˣǵĹҲͳ˼ȶʵˣ
˭ҷڣ϶ң
ԣҪ鿪֮ǰֹ飡
мǣҲĺܣվû˵ʱѾվͬʱˣīֵܡ
īתͷߣ˫Уʲôͬžľˮһƽ
濩һ£ڹȥ˵λ󽫾ĳӣȴûʲô̸˽⡣񿴼ī˫۾ͬϻ۵غȻоЩѰˡ
ʱѾǼϣòѾվˣҪһ仰˵˵ĲƯӰģɾԼˡ
ԣصϣ¶һ˿΢ЦԼı鿴ȥޱȵϣʮֳϿҵ˵īֵܣֳճ㼸꣬о仰֪˵˵
īû˵ȻһƽĿ
ͬޱȵУЩջĵʲô˼ң
ϣȴûб¶˿Ĳͷ


1826 Ź
ƽĿųīصϣȻŵĳЦݣ˵ī͵ܸո˵ĻΪֶе㲻̫ͬ
⻰һ漸˶סˡһ𾪵Ŀأĵʲô˼̫ͬѵ㻹Ҫһ꣬Źײɣ
ǱߵľŹ飬صĿУ¶ɻ֮ɫţѩ飬Ѿ³صС̡
ȻؿųīһϿҵ˵д󵱻Ů󵱼ޣףΪ־ãҲӦþܾ
īأĿƽϵ飬ȴ΢΢һЩô⼸仰˵Ļ˻
ţ˵˵ܻĻ룬ܱµԭӦǾáţ桭ȿȣǰɣ
ʱ򣬳īͷȻû˵Ҳûʲôŭ֮ɫ
ж־ķһƤҶѣʵ㲻ʲôӹòһ㣬һṦΰҵˣȴڡͬʷ伮͵㣬Ӧò֪
īڵͷ˵ףվһӡ˶ãôܾأ
ԣīصĿУѾú
УͬܵҲ֪޾Ķ⣬ȴԸȥЩήٵԼϡ
Ǳߵ飬վ˸ŵĹâаؽ£ӦûʲôˡУͬҲмָеϧΪ⣬Ѿõһλˣ
ɫһɫˣīôвŻªҲӦʲôĽ֮ġ˵īһСܶ࣬Ҳûչ¶ʲôŻ
֮ʱվɲΪ˾ȳҪģʦ˯Ů۹ī
˵Ϊʦǰгīһˡ
Ȼ˯ŮɺȻѪҪ˳ī֣һ
һݣ˯Ů𾪲ѡ˵īһֵ꣬òªΪģòıģ
ӣȻȴͨ࣬ȴǶˣ
鵱ʱʹˣʲôˣǵʱЩţΪīĸ׿رĴ󽫾īе֮˵īĸף췴Ŀô
˯ŮЦҡҡͷҲǶĴ󸻹ˣȻӸ֡īͬĶˣΪʦݲġֻ֪δɾͲǺ쳾ܹסġڵǱԨ浽һɳһ̣ϣûκס
ʣ˯ŮɾͲ϶˵ˡ˵ԼѾй¶˵Ļ»ɱ֮٣
˯ŮҲ֪ˣīҲãҲãң췴ġ
һֱǵʦⷬΣΪѣʦǷʱһ嶯վվ֮棬Ҳ̲סЩΪ˵ʵϲСԼܶĳªꡣҪǼ޸Ҳܵġ
δܹһɳ죬ҲԸޡ
ãƣʱվˣȻͬϲأ棬ȴЩмصġ
ʱؿųī˵˵Ҿ㲻Ӧþܾ£飬ͬҲҪԸִ֮ͥ£ĸ϶ǲ˼ѡġī͵㡭ͬҲǲ˼ȥѡġԣӦȴӦ֮ŬԼø㡣ʱ򣬺ܶ飬Ҳˮˡ
˵꣬һϵĿųī˵أ
īȻٵȴޱеȴʮִȻ֪ϲŹһֱ׷󡣲棬Ҳû̫飬ΪԼ䲻ϾŹոҪǾŹ˵Ƿ²Ųճˡ
ԣīصĻ֪ԼֻҪͬ˶ԷĹ۵㣬ͻصһڻϵĿУһӡ󣬵ǵ˵ͷ˵˵ļǡ
£Уܶ˶̲סһȻ͵ۿǱߡ
ȻϵϣҲ¶֮ɫ
վǻϣܵȥʲôģһȵǣ΢Цŵֶ޵Ĺǣû̫Ȥͷֶһҵǿ˭ҵĹޡ
仰ڳ棬һڡǶи̣˵˺ˣǣ
⻰Ҳ룬Ȼû˸˵ڵġ
һ粨Ρͬʱص۶УҲĸ
һʱ䣬۶ٵ٣ȫѹ˷ͷѾԽ˵۶Σó˵¶ˡܶ󳼽ѵԼ鲻Խӡ
֮󣬳īڼгĬ˺ܾáģȻһ㲨ҲѾȴˡȫľͶ뵽֪ʶĺУļȡŸ֪ʶ
ûйҪУͬҲҪһҵ
ƽվǱˡ
ʼǳ֮£Ź飬ȻԵŰݷã
ī֮ǳ飬͸¶һ˿Գī
һʯǧˡ
ܶ飬˵ģ鵽óī̸ʱ֮󣬲ȥϢһڵ۶д
ϣ̲סҹҪʲô
ϲѽһȻĻش
ش𣬸ûܽܣ˵ˡ
ϲܽܣȴǵΪ᲻ԼŮиεĿ
飬㵽ôģҪʵ֪ʣ֪ϻۣ֪ʦˡԣʲô㣬ʵ˵㲻ҪΪīǸӺܼ򵥣һɵӣҲȥϷŪӦΪʲôе࣬˵
ЦЦҵȻ֪ҵȻ֪򵥣Ǽ򵥣ôῴأҲûĴϷŪ֮ģ֪صĸʡ
ǣѵʦ˵ʲôͬǸҲ׿ȻóŮϲīġôŮӽīΨһһԭӦþʦ˯Ůɡ˵Щʲôˡ
ʦǰһΣ͵͵Ĺ۲һγī˵īһˡ񣬲֮ڣ֮С˵̤н磬Ϊһľţ鿴Լĸʣ˵ңʦҲ˵ˣܸһʣһаŮôǰ;޷
⡭ģ΢΢üȻЩˡ
æ˵ʣ˶󸻹Ϊ󡣵ʦ˵ܸī֮ôڣ
̲סһЩŵĿ顣
ͷġ
˯ŮɡųϵˣͨŽδȻô˵ôӦþеģѵīǸӣôĳϢô
ϵϣǳŵɫЩܽܡ


1827 ۶
һ޷ܹ꣬Ϊһǿߣ˵īȻͲ󣬿ҲѾʮˡͣϻǷϲһأܹгϢ
Щţ飬Ҳɲš
˵ȻǡͶӴһɡһҪסһ㣬һҪ鷳ڶҪ˺㵽ȷҲûʲô̫ĳϢҲǧҪ˺ⲻΪĸǴ󽫾ͬҲΪĸףҵֵܡ
һɫ˵
ͷĺˣзִġ鼸ظشġ
Ϊʱ鼸ȫԼʦƭġȻʦ˵ˣ˲޴ϹϵôΪʲôأ
òªϰҲͺˡ
ģΪԼеǷ׷󣬿ԻȥһС
ʱһȥīҲһ쳤
ܵĴҲࡣ
ʱˣٺõ飬Ҳܻб¶һ졣
ܸīϢվǳ״ȥˡ
õϢ֮أף˵ˤܿĶ⻹ޣԼЩȫ˸Ͳûֻһ
ţؾټ۶ٵе٣ͬ飬ҪóһԲ
ϴ󣬳īǸСӣ磬ֱҸᣬһѣŪ̫಻ôģǵ۶ٵе٣Фǿ
ФǿĸףͬҲǵһƷԱȥФǿ൱㣬黭ͨҲ֪ͨʶǳԨ˽˶֪һӵܣֻĶ൱߶ˣһ˸ûʸһ档
еĶ٣һ൱ȵˣ򿡣Ǵĵһ壬ĸȢһĸǵϵáԣҲǻҵݡ
ΪСܵľǻʼҵĽǳءФǿĽֱ֮ҡͷ˵϶УīǸˣʵҪؼĸף£ôЩˣûһ⣡
ФǿЩмЦƾʲôƾǴ󽫾ˣÿ궼ҪȥҸס
û˵꣬˵ģȣ㸸ף㣡Σ㸸ףҲֻҪþ²˳һ㡣ȥ㸸ףֱȥʹ״ãԻϸĽ飬ǻ֧㸸أ֧һرսΪ۹ԼֵܵĽ
ФǿʱЩǳ鴤ţЩ˵
ʱһԵͷ˵϶˵е£Ӳ
Фǿ˵ѵҪžŹַŮӣ뵽Ǹвɣ
ҡҡͷȻ󵭵˵Ȼԡǲ֣û˶֣
˼ǣüأʱ䣬ʵ̫ˣ۶ģӵ˾޴ЩƮƮȻˡٵĹϵҲԶ˲١
һΣΪ£ػǲء
վСһ𳤴ĹϵǣҲܲæ
ڿȥǣƺΪѰ·Ϊˡ¶ģǡΪ˰Ǽֵһˮȥ
ǴСͽӴʼҵЩˣ򿡵˼Ҳ÷ǳܣκ飬Ķȥˡ¡ȻصУʵѾ˼ƽϡпܡѾǰҺɱ֣Ѿʼжˣ
ȻԼȺҹȥıߣȥǼ飬һϵûСʱһ⣬ԼˣͲòվ顣ȻĻͻֱӱǣȥ
ФǿɵģȻߵİ취Ҫȥѳīȴֱۡɰ
ФǿƽʱôɵˣֻΪصֵܣİ˸翴
뵽⣬򿡺ȻվһأͻȻһе飬ϴģֵǿ϶ӡҪͷȥŪϡȥ͸Ź˵ء
۶٣ʵǴˣ˼ܣκ鶼öࡣϻޱȣһ˲䣬֪Ѿʲôˡ
ЦЦҡҡͷˣʵֵǶйأҲֻΪ˽ơһأôʱûˣҵġأʵеơҲգͦæġҪɣ¥飡
ҲŹЦŵãҲ̫·ϣģûġŹôû۹⣬Ҳῴϳīˣ˵бءƿҪãȻŭ˳ɱ񣬾Ͳˡ
۾΢΢һУȻҲŴ˸İɣʲô鶼еġ
ֵˣֱɢˡ
ٺ٣ֺﾫﾫģҲࡣɢ֮󣬾һ̵ˡ
ҲҴҵĳżϻȥܿ죬Фǿӱ׷磬磬һ¡
򿡵ĳͣסȻФǿֱ򿡵ĳһƨԳԸ¥
û
Фǿһ򿡡
Щε̾˿Ȼ˵ȥɡ
ǣŴӦһ¥ķȥ
ϣȫܳĬû˵
ФǿûôɵֻǱȽϽȽ塣Ѫһײܲˡղֲֵ̫ϲɢȥĳ棬һӾѹȻûһô͸ҲоЩԾˡ
ԣƤĲҪõ𰸡
ʱ֮
¥һ޴ݻİ档
ž
һˤӵ
Ŵһŭ˵ôôǵֵ𣿡
˵ģФǿͨ죬ðŭ
򿡵ڵĿϣĵǻǰĺˣ㻹֪ɣµܿӦþˡѾΪѡ˲ŵУݵλߵһ
ФǿˤһƷ񱭣ȥҲûȻվǣؿھҵš
˫۾ʧ֮ɫ
գЩȻ£Ȼ˵Ǽ˹ˡ¸ʲôϵ磬ǲǣȥ
̾ϢһѾǣȥˣһۣתͷīͳˡһ֪¸йϵƲ壬ҲƲ岻˵ģ
а취ġ侲Сǿͬ൱ߣܿ죬ֱ˵˰УīѶ
⡭򿡶Щԥ
ΪʵҲǲóīк³ġû֪ԾŹ飬ͬҲϲĺܡ
ԥˣԥǵļˣҪܵǣˣФǿ˵
ãڵͷ˾ΪҲһī£ùġֻһءЩˡͳͳǴӷ
ôģֱˣ


1828 ҽ

ī￴飬ͻȻ䣬һֱ֧˳Ŵ䵽Եһ棬Ǽʸ֮һ
һüģ¾ûˣԳīֱӱһһʱԺֱӴһƮ跢
ţгĸ׷˳ȥͬʱйܼ潹ʵүû°ɣ
ûµġīЩδȥҲ򶨡ȻվǴ󽫾Ķӣ
飬Ǻ侲ġ
󣬳īŤͷ֧棬һš
īϽȡȻ򿪿һۣ漴΢΢üͷ˫۾Ҳ¶һĨŭɫ
ŵˣӽ档
Ȼʲô鶼û
֮Ͻ֣һˣڹһȴƫƧĵطȥֱ߽һ˵棬ǰ棬ͻȻˡ
ˣǺ棬Ŀ¶׹⡣˵ֱӾͳųī֡ĺ⣬ֱն˳īԴ
īվʲôûоһ˿ʵŴˣ
һʮСƨ飬û󺰴УѾǺǿˡ
ۣ
ۣ
죬ˣȫ˵ڵأ͵ڳīǰ˲ˣ
мӰ߳˲ͽīΧڵУһĿܣȻԳī˵үû°ɣ
īҡҡͷߵһʬǰǿǹɴ̱Ѫȴĳһ˵
һźᣬҲƽȥͨڴϣҲ֡
ɱ֡һ˳˵ÿ˵ϣκܹ֤ݵĶ
īͷȻ˵ߣǻȥɡ
һˣֱӳųķȥ
£ֱ۶Ȼ󲨡
˾Ȼڹ컯֮£ɱ󽫾Ķӣ˭ɵģ
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Ϣܿͱ÷з˶ڹǸ̫ӡЩĵİգȻԸɫľŹī֮ǸԸŹ޸ڹ̫ӡ
һУƺسϰϵ۶٣ҲȫʵʵʱŶˡ
󣬴Ļʵŭͨ⽻ֱӷڹ룬Ҫǽ¡
ǱߵȻϳϣ˵ûҲܳϵġ
̫ӸǷŭĹȻվŭ𣺡¸ʲôϵīûˣ
ȻһЩϢ˵󽫾Ϊ²ȻŭҪ룬룡
Ȼ󣬻ʹߣûдӦ¡
Ϊ£֮
ʱ䣬ϢֱĿϾӡ
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һ̫࣬˵û֤ݣԷֽ̫ɾˡ£ūһɵĶ󡣡
˵أȻɵУҲлɵĿꡣ
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ʲô̲סŭһҪ췴𣿡
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Ҫһ˲䣬ȴԼȫ£Ѿܶˣ
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ͣ
̫һֱͱڻϵ棬Ȼ󵭵˵Ȼɱˡ
ϵУ¶˼ɫ
̫࣬үүʱڹ棬һֱүүڡֱ׼ʮꡣ񣬸ߣҲжʮˡ
һľ֣ңһֱ̫࣬εģ
κ˶ܹΨ̫಻Ầԣζ벻ᷢ顣
ĵ棬ǵϣ·𻹴˶ġԣϺܿʧȥֱ۵һڵϡ
ʱ̫ЦһѾúˣ
ţֱ̫ﲱӣŤ˼£ƺӺƵġһݵĴȡһСҩƿֱڻϵʬϡ
̼䣬ϵʬ壬һ̯ˮңɫζһˮڵ档
ţ̫ཫϵ·ѵԼץһѣֱӳһƤߡ¶һϵס
бһһ۾ϳˡȻǵһƷԱ￪
صף
ֱ̫˸еˣ
Ϊ￪ÿ춼ϳ³ҲϢһЩָĻ˭벻Ȼ֪ĳڻʹңȡǸʵɲ̫࣡
ʵϣ￪һ˫̥ģ
ȴһܣ˫ֵ̥Լ֮⣬أֻ֪һ㣬֪ȫ飡
ֵˣֻ֣һ
һҲֵֻ˲ס
еһиȫõ˻ر
￪һݵĽԼϵ·ȫѵȻȡһԻճı֮󣬲ִ֪ʲôطһƤߣϡ󣬶žӿʼŪԼͷ
ܿģһһģһˣ
ţ˵˼仰˵һģһ
￪ϡӦ˵ϵϣ¶һ˿ŹֵЦݡΪһ죬׼̫꣡
ţһ̫·ֱӽ档
ЩǸط·ЩˣȫѾ֪̫ࡱ񱣬϶֪ͼֲˡϿζ벻һСΪ׼ġ壡
ϸ뵽Щ￪ʵѾеŮӣ
ܶĹͻӣʵ￪ĺˡ
ԣ֮ǰĻʼϣҪָīһʱŭģЩС￪
ΪЩС࡭ȫĹ⣡
ҲǴʱ￪Գī޹꣬ҲˡҲҪһġҲֻǶһСӰˡ
ˣ޵ּ⣬ٳ󽫾ص۶Ȼ빬ޣ
ܿ죬̫ȥּ
￪ڻʹͬɢһ㣬ûܹ˿̵顣
˷ܡޡίᡢѹ˵ζӳ£
еһиֵõģ
վλϣϣ
ĵ۹ǧʮ꣬
󽫾й¶شܡ۹ᵳӪ˽˽ͼ췴ĿϵһʮʩȻûоκСֱն
ǰŭ𣺡㲻
Ҳһԡ


1829 ҲĽ
۶·һƬ֣ճסˡû뵽õͲ˰֮ĻʵۣȻὫɱˡң̶˺ġ
ʩڳϵЩһһ׮׮ֱ˸е䡣
ûʲô塣ΪĻʵۣѾóײˣ
ʼϴããϴһ飡
￪һԩĻᶼûУֱӾͱնˣ
ɱ￪֮Ļʵۡǳ׵ģλáΪϣҲû֪ˣ
ʩҡֱӽγɻɡѾһλȨصְλˡһҲ˵Ԥ֮⡣
޷ϵ棬ʲô
ѪȵѹͲֶΣҲ⵽һЩܿģЩͱѹˡ
·һҹ֮䣬ͻȻðһȺˣԻĹЧңֱӽЩɻϵˣ͵ظɱȻǣ˳µĳ˾е
ͬʱ֮ϣΪ׵ȺˣãװѳԼС
ԭĵ۶֮ףһӱȨµĴ
ⳡ֮ĵʮ죬ֱŹڽ꣬޸ῡأ
Ϣһٴһҵĺ䶯
ʱ򣬳īҲãŹҲãȫѾ뿪˵۶
ʲôҸҵһͺˡīǰȻ˵׽ˣǶˣһʲôʲô壿
ĵˣҺͬ顣Ź˵ҵĸͬˣҸ˭˵ȥ
ʲô㣬ʲô˼īžŹüͷ
ѵΪҸʻɱŹųī˵𣿡
̫ܣʵī˵
ʲôʵŹмųīʲô֪
ǰֳϣֱ˵׸Ź֪ҺãûҪң㻹߰ɡȥͶʦɡīһϿҵ˵
ʦᡣŹ˵ʦˣ׼ĶԹ㣬ȺɱҸʣҰҸʵģǵʵ̫ǿҪٻҪʮʱ䡣
Ź˵ţųī˵ī㻹ңʮ֮ұ˳𣬾ͼ޸òã
īʱһȻ޴ĵ⣬ôԣ
ô㲻ϲңŹ
ôᣬϣвϲŹˣī˵ֻǣֻҳôô㵽׿һˣ
ŹЦЦҲԵְɣҾϲ㣬Ҿã㲻ӦôģʵԳ
˵ţŹϣϷһıһרŸѰҵһķţԳһ¡
ҡôīЩãȻĿžŹ
ȻҪԼİŹҪǿɹôǱ𣬾Ͷ˼ְգ
𡭡ԣҪﱨ𣡡īüǴ˸Ĺ⡣
ŹЩ㱣·һ˲䣬ǰ꣬һޱӢΰӡһӣҪеĸо
漴ǰӰӺȻɢֳ˳īųª
Ź̾ϢһȻ˵߰ɣԶһ죬ǻٻģ
ţīĵͷʮ㡣
Ȼ
һ֮󣬳īϣʲôûеõ
֮ȻʲôӦ
ꡢꡭһֱڰʱ
Źܲˣ
Ϊīʵ̫ûˣ
ʱ䣬ȻⲿĹеĵһ
壬ȫͲʺκηʽ
ŹУҲ˺ܶŬͳԣգʧˡң֮󣬳īҲѾһСˡȻô
ȹȥˣ
ȻīԾŹֱõ˼㡣
ȫŵ»ˡһþŹȥͬСĳīУѧ̫顣
Ȼ廹ôȴڶԼǿĳһУ
һУŹӶֻһ£˰ʱ䣬֤ʦһԣ
ûеȥ˯ŮɣȴԶԳī
Ϊ˭
ֳΪ˰㣿
ܹŻ֮⣬ϣһ˰㣡
ˣÿ춼Ż֪ôһֱšţû£
ֱĵˣ
ģһֱ룬ϣôôôķڣô
бʸûУսһ𣬶޵ݡ
ʲôΪʲôͻȻұʦˣ˵ϵеߣ˵㳶ϹϵԳԳɣȻĻΪҾʲô
֪ôǰʱ򣬾ӦȺֱӰ㿳ƬȻι
Ϊʲôô㣿ޣú򿴿ԼĵУεºܣһ֮ŮֻɽҰĵطꣿ
īҪǸңϹҲɵģҾȻһšа
ˣټҲԶҪټźã
ٶ࿴һŻҾͻֱ³
˵䣬ӵľŹֱƿնȥ
Ӱͬһֱ̣ʧڳīߵС
ʣ³īһˣһãȻվȻֱӴһսͷǶéݡ
Ȼªȴ֮Ϊҡ
̫õļ䡣֮ǰֱͯӡ˳ЦͷµӰھŹ֮ʧˡ
Ȼ꣬Ź̬ÿ¡ڳīҲǾŹУЩѡ
ʵϣҲͬ尾ȾŹʹԼԼһû취û취Ϊĸ
ŹͻȻóīȫ޷ܵĸо
ȻЦţȻֱӵһѻ𣬽éյ
ţҪһԾֱѵУ
Լˣϣ˷ʳ˳Բ·֮⣬ʲô壿
ڳīҪ𺣵һɲǣͻȻֹסΣ˵ôĻ󡭡ˣܳϣֱҲһֽˡô꣬һû˵еڶˣܹһùôš
˵ţīѿϣȻ̲ס¶һ˿Цݡ
ԣĲôҡĳ𣿡
īϵƣڲϵ
ѾɳȥԶľŹ֪ΪΣкȻ䴫һǿҵļ¶
ȻʶĻͷȥǱߡոշɱǸһ⣬ֱӳȻһǿ󵽲˼Ϣ˲Ϣ䡭ǳˮһ㣬ԽŸңԶĵطӿȥ
⡭ǣŹһϣ˲ûѪɫΪһӰһͳǰ


1830 ٺ
һòӢ覵İ׷ӣϤǸīǰԭǳôôѿ·˵ϣȴһɵĸо
̫˧ˣ
ŹҷģԼûмôӢˣСӢӡ
Ź˶סˣ˳ֵ̫ͻأˣӢȴһ仰Ҳ˵ڡֻ׷ӡ
󣬰׷һֻ֣ھŹ°ϣͬ޶˵̧һ㣬һȻ̾һޣȷĺҲĽ
˵ţ΢΢һЦлл㣬ллǣڸܵĶ⣬ܵ˳ζҲܵˡѵζ
ҡҡ㡭ŹĿ࣬ȫûа취ţǰӢһ۾еİ׷ӣ֮ǰǸһ۶ö³Բ·ĳī
ôΪʲôһˡһô˲һ
ӣǸ
ѵʦûƭң
Źһģֱҵˣ
ֻɵɵĿǿİ׷ӡ
ˣʵءҲɣʵҲİ׷ҡҡͷԶŴ̾Ϣ֮ȻֱžŹֱۣһӷϸ졣
ŹоԼһһ̣ͳ˴ĵ۹ĻʹС
ûӦĻ棬˲Ϣ֮䣬ǰӹָоŹһû
ֱ̫棬Ҳ̫ˡ
ǻ浱Уϡ˺ܶ飬˵ðʵ۵￪˽ҴĿ־ŭþŹȸеģָеޡȻ۶һѪĳͻѪĳͻֻǵģΪġȫ￪һϵˡ
ȫͻȻ֮䣬׷׵ȥ
ǰ־ֵԸӵĹâ
Źе⣬ͱǰľˡ
Ϊ֮ϣ
ǰٹ٣ڵϣ꣡
ҡôŮˣŹȫܽʵǸ׷ӣʱѾʧӰ١һоͬһλá
ʱߣһ̾ûǸ
ʦŹӦ˵ǴĵŮʣ飬˶״סˣ˵
ʦ˯ŮɣǰЩٹ٣ȴǱסһȫ
ǵһƬţ
ʱͿռ䣬Ǳסˡ
ӣŮʰɡ֮˰˯Ů̾ϢһȻα䵭
ʦңһУô£վ
ֻйأҽͲˡ֮һĻԵ˺ʺ񣬶ܺáɨһϰڡǴĵ۹Ůˡú쳾УһŮʰɡ
˯ŮƮĶС
ˣȴһӿհף֮ϣȻᣬȻ¡
ʱٹ٣ͻȻһꡣ
һԼָƽȣ˵ƽ
һŮʣʹչĵ֮·
ңδޡ
û֪εҹλأεһˡǸ׷ƮӢ覵ˣǸҳªޱȵġī
֪һҲᰮϱˡ
ֱǸʱףʵǰĵȴУѾϲǸƵк
Ƕȥˡ
̹硣
ʮ֮ۡ
īվۡŲУģ¶һ˿֮ɫ¶һĨԳЦݣ⡭һԲ
ܷһԲīö֪ĵ뷨ʵҲԲֻ˵һЩڹȥûĶ飬ȥ޾Уûйġ
ԣٵģǲȥĳȱһûκԸȱ
ָоĿ
ī̾һһ٣ֻأڶ٣٣Ӧþ˰ɣ
ô
ī̧ͷ죬ʱ򣬵ĵ٣ֱӴнֱ
ĵ٣ȴ߲ʵģ
Ȼϡɫһⲻһ٣һ貵⣡
ʵ̫ˣ
īٽٵһ˲䣬һҪеĸоУʱһٶʮֵľЩԣ
Ȼĵ٣ǰټҪΣգ
һΣīֱӱһۼɾСɾ棬īɣСһ׿ľ콾һ·˳˳ˮֱûκο
жļʦĵ£ĺѡĵˣȻͬ㣬ȴû㡣
Ǹ磬īֱӮң
еλߵܼ
Ǹ棬һֱ֮áȡĶʧȥˣһͳС
ĵ߲٣Σյһ٣ȥûκɱȴܽԶֻþС
ʮ꣡
ǳīȹʮ꣬ôԶٻˡԶĳʮֱ֮ı壬Ҳһɢ
ǧ֮󣬳īͲһʲôȻֱӷԭһУһ
ڣһٵУֻþѳ
īʮĲ֮۾ʱʱ䣬Ȼֻһ˲䣡
һΣīȴһּ򣬶ֻأƶ񣬶ġһУȫһȫµĸ
һ̣īڳ״󳹴˵ϣɢϡ
ϣʮۣ֮ʼӣͬһεĳ䣬̹硣
ЩڶɽٵǣȻоֲֿɱһӱСˡָоٵһӱС˺ܶ౶
֮ǰǱֵЩڶɽٵˣ˲䣬ȫô
ҵīü䣬˸һɲ˼ϡ
ܿģ˵٣£ȫоյĶȹ
ͬʱī嵱УڲǿƣҲʼ͹ӣɢĳ򡣳īϵƣƵбġ
ɣ
̹磬һƬĳС
һ磬ˣ
Ҳһ͵˲䣬ĴǱߵԶеĵһ֧ҲѾˣ
֧ԶԴ졣
Ϊ׵ģһ൱ǿĽУһΪˡ
ĻҲֻǽĴ
ʵһͨĴ̫ࡣ
ڴУĵλ൱磬ȻΪǧ֮һнҪѳ档
ȻĹ漶ʵϣ󣬿ȥȴǳᡣҲͶʮӡһڹŽһɫĵۣͷŷ١ϣԶʲô飬ƺûκһҲδ˼


1831 ǹƥ
˵ǿڽһն¾ûκߡ
ģһʿǵľ磬һɫģڴΡ
ǣҲУΪһȺսʿȻǽһʵпȽʵڴУܵģǽĴ
һΣʱ޾֮󣬵һγս
ԣȺʿǣһȥҲȫս⡣
̹֮⣬޾ңԶľ룬Ŀ磬˵ϣȫżֵ𾪡
ôô졭һͳˣһߵʿü̹һ㵭ĽڣԾĵǽȻոγɣȴڲϵǿС棬ɱȥɣȻĻγɣҪȥɾûôˡ
ȴЩԥһ˫У˸𲻶ĹâüǱߣ˵ҡܵһ˿ͬѰϢ
ֻǱ˵϶ᱻȺǿЦ
ΪڳģûһߣһһʵȽڡҪ˵֪ڳЩˣ˭ûУ
ΪʲôǶʲôҲûоȴ֪˲ͬѰ
棬Ĵ֮ǿһˣʼ漶ˣĻ˲һ㶼¡
ȷе㲻ͬѰȻûиܵϢ㣬Ӧھͳֽڵġһʿ˵
֮ǰ˵Ǹʿ˵ҾûҪô˵ĴһĶڣѵ𲻵һոγɵһ磿
ô˵һ˷һôô룬ҲͲҪĴ칲ͬɳ֧Զͬطˡ
ǵһ֧Զ
ûð
ܹ޾£ǻۣ治Ѱġ
СǻۣЩһ㶼ȱ١γɽڵʱȻɫʵϣȴ̲סһ£Щ𾪡
һոγɵĴ磬ȻȥܴǸոճӤԺʲôĳɾͣճʱ򣬿϶ʱ
ʱ֣ô޷ġ
ȴڣոӤȻȴĸĸҲҲ
ĸԭʵԴǷĴͿֲѧϰ
ϣκ飬ܱġ
ʵʱ䣬ôǵδɳռ䣬κ鶼Ȳ˵ģ
̹ŵѾب̫ˡ
ĴκβáֻܽӡһЩ࣬Ȼûа취ʶ֣һȴǴһȻıС
޾µĻۺͷչ൱У϶ҲִĶǿߡЩǿߣҲǵõһγɴôĵһˣ
ʵ棬ɳģ
ڴγɵʱʵѾǿˡԣռȻΪǿһˡ
˽⣬ԣʱðȥ֮пܻȫʤһȴе֧Զѵ˼ֵ
ͬȥ֮˾ţͬҲпܳش
ֽʤ涼޷ܵġ
˿ԼƿصķΧ֮ڡսȥôתͷָֻسʲô
ѡ׵һַʽַʽڳһЩ˽ĲȴҲûж˵ʲôջǱʾ⡣
̹С
īվʮۣ֮һγˡڶȹĵ֮ûе٣ܸоԼһսһ޴Ĳ㼶ȴ֪ûܹӴ־ͻƳȥ
ĸ֪ҲֻʩչֶΡ
īֽе
Ǵ۷֮ϣ֮£ǿһˡ
ڵǿڲϵĳɳСȥǸ̹һͬɳġ
ǱȺ˸ոһ֣īѾ֪ǡΪȺ˻ֱӳ忪ڣ뵽̹ɱ䡣û뵽ǣȺ˾Ȼͣ
ڵȴʲô
Ĵ磬ոһԶ֧ءīһֱ̣һǱߡ
ǲҾͳȥ
ڽ֮ڣīǾԵߣ
һ͵磬ּӳֱ֣ǿ󡣳īϣҲжϳĴĴ統Уӵս
ͽ˾òΪһ޴ļӳ֣ʵ̫ˡ
ҲΪʲôҲûѴ澳磬ȴҪȽЩ棬ǿ
ּӳ֣뿪ƿص磬ʵͬҲǿֻûôǿˡ
īڽʱϢȫû¶㡣ԣӽ߳ʱ򣬻Ǿ˲ˡ
УķӦǸ
ֱӾͳųī˹
ʵϣʱ֪߳λǵǿıܣֱӶԳīչ˹
ģߵЩˡǵķӦҲôһѡ
ֻһ㣬ʵѾԾ̫ˡ
īһӾ͸ܵϵǿơ˲һ£ǸʤӦⲻ󡣵ȴᱻ׵ǣסȻ澳ʿɢƣֱֲ̫һһ£Ҳܵġ
ԣīһ˲䣬ֱӾͱܿĹ·ֳ߱죬һ·ɱһǱߣۼŴʿ
ȺĸŽսʿƽҲǾܼԣǴ˿̼棬һš˵īһ˲䣬ҲӦΣ
ӦȴվҪôһ㡣
һ澳ʿ׵壬Գīһĺȡһܽһ½ֱӺģֵͨ
Уϣ
ī֮գһӾͱ̮
̮ʼ֮ǰһѪɫĹâ澳ʿֱӱ롣
ûио־ʹΪʵ̫ˡ
ӷֿԵʱ򣬳īѾֱɱȥ˵ͷ­նˣ
ī̹˵ٶȿ쵽ԸӵľأҲһĹ򡣾߸ʿֱӱīնɱ
⣬һʱ䣡
īɱ߸ʿ֮󣬲ûкˡܣʱЩʿѾӦˣҲѾʼ𹥻ˡ
һͷͻȺһȫֲͬĵˣȴû˿ȴɢԺɱֱȺʿΪ֮
ǿֲ˫
һʿһͨڳīͷֱųһѪ⡣
͵Ϯֵ¶ЦݣǱߵĳīޱѾ
ʿһ־ĴУȻתͷܡ
꣡
īе߱죬һն


1832 
ǿķʿе·һʿնΣһشһýϽʿ
һ̣īߣеʿȻɢ
Ǳǿҵıըһ
ٶȣһ㶼ȱ
˶ҪˣԼӵһ˾ʿȻԷһ͸ɱҵģֱǺݺһǶϡֻʹǿҵıƸоҪѪ
ֱӳīߣаͬޱǿʿֱӳųī߹
īûתߡ
ߵķ򣬲̹ĽڣȺǾۼķ
ȺٴκȻɢ
òŭߣն
Ĵ磬Ѿ̫ûзսˡȺʿȻһսǿ񡣵ǹ̫ƽ̫ˣѪս⣬Ѿȫĥˣ
ңҲѾ̫õ£ûȻͬһط
ԣ֯Ժͼԣͬޡ
ŭȺȻǸܵܣ˵ˡ
βЧĹīȻޱȿġһһֶ˺ü澳ʿ
ʱͼʮ˸֣Ѿ˹
һγ֣ȫλǵģûκι˼ɣ
ΪЩ˼Щ˵Ļûа취гīȺʿԭӣѾ˴ɡ̫ɢˣһģҲ̫Լˣ
ԣȺʵʿٹ˼ʲôֱӾͳˡ
ǳǰһ˲䣬īӦֱ̹αˣ֮䣬Ѿ˳˼֮⡣
¡¡
ȺʿһֱӽƬոˡ
ϰʿһ
мʮʿ屻÷飬ǵ壬ҲȫɾɵģԣһǵͬʱҲǺǵȫһУ
ʣЩҲȫش˲ʧȥȫս
Ȼ󣬳īԶЦллɱôˡ
˵꣬һֱӾʧһ̣īڽعͷĵĿȺˣ˵еӣͳ򡣾ƾһȺں֮ڣҪãһˣͿ԰ɱɾ
ѽѽ汻һѪ壬ͬҲᱻѪĳ̶ȡ
ŭųīҪⲻ˶ã
ī˵ڣͦġ˵ֱ꣬˽ڡʧ١
һȺʵʿȫɫ࣬ʲôûǹ
ϣֻҪ飬һûģʯͷʯͷ˾ͬҲģ貵磬û飬Ѿɾˡ
һսĴţֱһʮʿа˾ʮȻԼġ
Դˣ˶ˡһŭֱӴ˼ɣΪʲôҪԼ˳ֵɵ
ʼݣī˵ٵĻô֧ţͦľŵ͵ñīϡá
ָо̫ˣ
ʱ䣬̹統УЩʵͻƵʿǣҲʱ޿̵ѵսļܡͬʱҲڼǿ֯ͼⷽĶʵⷽĶ̹ߣͬҲǷȱġ
Ǳ۸һԣˣûκԹԡ
˫֮䣬һԽԽǿĽڣԵƽ״̬
֮󣬳īûٶȶЩԴʿ𹥻ΪѾ˶ԷʵҪȥðˡ
īʼֱټ̹У澳֮ϵʿ
ԭ֮صУ澳ʿͲ١
һΣųīɽ٣ŵγɡиʿ̫Ͼ˴澳硣
һʱ֮󣬳ī̹ߣȻҲ£˳һ澳ʿ
ǿĸ֪Է˵ʵǿ󣬶ңǾͻƽڣ̹ɱġ
ԣٵ·ֻʣһˡ
Ǿǣ
īĵ̹Ͽ𣺡ǵļ԰ǵĽ£ǵ̹ŴһԸܹΪཨһ԰硭γˣĴ죬ǲӵԼļ԰ǿ־ǣҪǻûгɳʱ򣬽ǳ
̹磬ųīĵüΪе飬ȫųīǵϣҲȫ¶֮ɫ
κʱ򣬲κ飬԰ĹǼǿġԼļ԰ôƻأ
ī˵ԣûκ·Ϊ˵κһ䣬˵ĿģֻһǾǣǣȻƻǵ硣ȺˣҪĺ飬Ҳֻһݺݵĸɷǣ
䣡
ųī̹磬Ǻ޽Ĵ硣׷ˣ
̫ˣ
;ųɾŵ飬һûл߱İ֮һһ̣̹ϣе飬ȫһġǵγһɺ޽ΰΰֱʣ
Ȼ󣬻εע뵽ǽڵС
ʹ̹Ľڣһ˲䣬ȴǰǿ֮࣡
Ⱥˣȫе𺳲ѡ
Ȼ֪̹緢ʲôȴҲܲµ̲ס૵˵磬Ҳһոγɵĵ磬ȺˣԽƵ
һ˵ķ֮ǰҲǱīǸһһֲһΣǿ϶ٷ֮ǰִˡţľŵһֱ̤ƽ̹磡
ֽػڴ쵱УһеٮٮߣǺ֮㡣䲻󣬵һսȴȺܶϽдԣ˵ػǰһǿϽ£ûеõ֤ʵ
ػǿȴĿõġͬЩʿ
ӵĪǿʵػԸȻǶҲЩġʱ䣬Ҳ̹ĽڼΡȻǿķȻĽȥ̽Ϣġ
ڳīϢҲ̽˲١
֪īһӹ統гɳˡ
ʱ㣬īӦǱҪܶ౶ġػ棬оܲʹ졣
ΪһֱΪӦһеǿߡ
û뵽īᣬȴѾΪһˣ
˵ոγɣһճӤΪһʵϼӳ֮ʵ϶ܱġ
ˣػܾɱ˳īֻҪīˣŻо泩
濴һػ𣬵ͷ˵˵ĶԣĴûеƲһγɵĵ硣


1833 Ĵ
˵⻰ʱҲ̹統Уһīȷб֮⡣ʣЩ࣬϶ǲһģ
ͬΪ־磬Щʿڵ뷨֮ϣ϶ԶԶʿ
īǿѵһ˵ס˲ɣ
һ̹类౻Ҳֻʱ⡣ֻΨһеʹģȺˣͱīһݺݵ
ʱݣپͣţѾȻһ¡ɢһǿҵս⡣ڵţīٳһսȫеʧǡīȴһֱûж
ܿ죬컯ңľŸϵˡ
ţȴľţҲϵˡ
ģɴϽľšգҲϵ
Ĵţڻˡ
ŵסκˡԣţ֪ܿ顣
Դˣûмīߵˣϵ£Щ˼顣ͬʱԴߣģЩ
һЩԷֱӴĶ
浹ûʲôһϼ޻ı档Щˣػ֣ЩܲˡƢܻ𱬣Էֱӷ˳ͻһƳһȴʿΪ£˫ľŲ㷢䡣
ĴһȻ֣֮ǰЩ߲໥߶֮⣬ЩʿһҲԷʲô
Ĵ磬ǿɶ໥ĸ嫵Ĵ硣Ȼˣһ˴˼䣬ҲûôǢ
ⳡ궯ձ˸ͬѹȴҲΪδһĻ
ĴŴ˿ȫ飬Ҫٿһλ飬һ¶ԲߡŵȫȻӦʡȻе㿴˰̵֧šȴҲһ£ǣڳէʱīǿĹҲδܱȴ֧ǿ١
ǸīȷһǿĶ֡
ȴߵΪ죬һųΪϽһҲһɳˡѾ֪ٴεֻءÿһΣ̵ʱ
ңžĲϼÿһֻؼʱ䣬ҲԽԽˡ
һʵνɲ⡣
컯ңߵΪϪһŽɽӵİۣһͷһ壬ֳһѾӨ͸ıѡ
˿ȥ棬ΪǳĳеУ϶ŮӹۿĽ
˳ıͺеӢŮϪǸֵ̳
ɴϽߵһŮʿ
ֽо裬ˣӵų׵ò޷ȴޡϵǹƮݵЩûˣҲ̲ס׷ײĿ
ǷֱĴĴ˿һ֮ԣһ̹ͬʱҲܹ͹۵˳īʵ
ᣬǱֱӤһ䣬ǿսҵĹ㣬Ӧøڲ֮䡣˵
ôܣʾȵˣϪһĿ棬ȻЦѣòǱǸСŵ˰ɣֻŵոγɻ۵ƣû͵Ϯһ¡ꣿ仰˵̹ŵ磬Ŵڶã㾭ֻءʱ䣬Ҳ޵ġжǿ
Ϫɣ˵ûеʵҲǼ˶ӵһԭ
ȺȻҲ㹻ϣ̹࣬ȴ̫ˣ
ʱ򣬻˵ϪѲҪˣ̹ߵģ޾ꡣǵʱ䣬ʵǻҪϡ漰ֻصİ塣˵ǵľͱˡ
ӦԼ΢΢ͷ˵ǵģ˵ʵ̹Ŀǰ˵λ½ȴӦúѧϰԭʤǵġǣʵʼ׶ΣҲǴ̬תġ
ΣǳĴڣ࣬һϵûСϪḧϵĽ壬˵ɫУһĨȻ
ʱ򣬾迴һۣȻ˵ҿڣʮʮһࡣ
ңЦϪЦָģҵ磿
ͷѵô
Ϫҡͷ˵ֻҵϰߺͰðˡûʲôֵ˵ġ
ͷ硣
˵ԣⳡսҵĽǣֱӺ̹ĽڣȻ֧ţֱӴѹϣȻǵˣȥɱ̹統е飬ƹȥȻĸЩʿҪֻһΧīҪסȻһɱ
ϪЦҡҡͷҾãҪԸǸīһˣ͹ˡ
濴ϪЩŭ˵Ķ֣
ϪȻ΢ЦҡͷҵĶ֡
΢΢鴤ţȻ˵Ϫֵġ컯ңǰĺˡҲһʵɲʿͬʱҲϵһ档
ĸУ˭ֱ˭ˣ
ԣϪ̬ȣǣɴ಻ȥϪǽĿͶ;裺λѣǾΣ
ͷһΣĿֻһնɱī̹硣׽鷳ԣҾã»һЩĺáͬѵĽ顣
ͷ顣
ϪЦһȻҡҡͷȥżε˵ðɣðɣǣ˵㡣Ͱ˵ġ
ʱĸͬһʱ䣬ĿͶ˽Ǹ
ŭһֱӳ𣬾ҪǸȥ
ţΣֹԭأûж
ûҲûж
ΪģǳīһȺˣ
٣
ĴŵУڵĴ컯ңֱӾɱȥ
Ϫϣ¶һĨֲпЦݣ˵ǲ֪ãǿǴ컯ңʵ
¡¡
˫һ˲䣬չ˼ս
ȺӽڵгʿУ׵ģħ
һ£Ʈ裬һӿۻơֳһѺɫѵЩ꣬ռƳһѵѾ飬ͨ
ħ˿ꡣ
һǸħһԳʿ̧֡һ
һĨīɫĹâֱӻա
꣡
һ죬ʿıնϡ
ͬ˵ֱб롣


1834 һȺʨ
ϪŵЦݣ˲佩סʱ򣬱˳һ⣬εı飬涼Щȥ
վʼ漶ϪȻеޱΣȴûĶûԽݵȥǱߡֻǵ˵Щؾ̹УΪһȺ˰ɡˣܿͻᱻûġ
ʵô
Ǳħɱһʿ֮󣬴Ĵˣˣ
ˣ
һֻӣȻһݺһ˵Դϡ澳ʿֱҵԽѡˣ
ЦȺˣҲˣ
һֱȷ˻Ҫ;޴Ĵ󹫼Ǿ޴ĳֱӽһ˵ɣȻЦ¸£Ⱥʿ֣Ҳǲģ
һƮŮۣͲ˵УһѹӵĶ̽նĽȴɭޱȣǰЩ澳ʿȫޱȡ
ͬһʿȺôôǿ
컯ңȺʿǣ˿ҲĴŵʿһֱӾͱˡ
ΨһĲͬǣ֮ǰȺʿǱīһ˸ˡ˿̣컯ңȺʿȴǱһȺ˸ˣ
Ⱥʵ̫ǿˡ
ǳĿģҪƾ⼸ٸˣԷ˵ľսһ
ƣϵƣȴ⼸ٸˣѾѶԷΧһ
ʱ򣬴ȺУٴγһӰУһѪɫ˫սһӣͶ緭һʿȻԱߣһӣһʿѾӳȥԶȻûӹֱֹӱ롣
ˮһʿѾԺСȴûֱӽԷܲʹ죡
Լκ˲ԣù£Щŭˡɴֱ˸ԷеĽֱӴšˮȴһնԷĲӣ
ΪʵսپԷĽϳһ£
£ԷʿҪˣҲˡ
ͣ
һֱӴˮš
ôۣ
ˮһ䣬ȻһԷԴ
˲ûľѸᣬȴˮִ򷨸˵ֱӾҪߡ
ˮ׷ȥѼ˸ϡã
ˮŰԼӽԼĴָ档һѪȥһȥˡ
˫㡢桢塭Щīѣ˿ȫ
һƋOѩ½½áǶ¶˾ͼͼʫǽ
´ҴҹЩˣҲ綼ѾɳΪ漶
棬̫Ʈ칬ĶʮˣУ
⼸ˣȫǴ澳ĸ֣ȫǣ
Ҳ̫۷ʿ
ȫɴ澳ʿɵĴ˾ţȴû˿η塣ŶԷɢƣηǰ塣
ٸˣĴ˵ƣ
һа٣
ǲ͵Ϯһ¾Ҫתߵġĳ֧սģ
£Щˣͼֲ˶á澳ʿɵľţЩʿûκλʤ
ɾ֮ǰĴľһ컯ңȺʿҲȫˡ
ַĵĿ־壬ǼӦȥֿ
ȺȺսһ̫ˡ
һ仰УһֻһȺʨӣԴ򲻹һֻʨӴһȺ
һȥ档
ڲһ
Ⱥ컯ңʿԲһȺǵУģѾﵽΡңûνĴȺ˾ЩȣҲ١
Ƕľ
Ǵ˿̵ı֣ľһȺһ
˵ǵһֻ
ΪһֱڣϪǱԳݣϳ֣
ϪݵλȥԳī½ЩԽˡīŶ󣿲һСƨϪʲôݵλܲ˵һӰ˵İèģҪȥԸɣ
ԣ컯ңľһƬҡȴȻվûֻĿšʹԼЩ£̫ˣ
ֱǶ
ԣĳֽǶ˵컯ң֧ţһֻһȺʨӣ
ħȺˣ𣿵Ȼǣ
ͬҲһȺʨӣ
㲻Ⱥʿۺ񣬵Ҳͬʨӣ
ǿɲ޾£Ǿ̫ˡȻʱǶڳīóīΪǵꡣⲢǵı⣡
Ҳ뵽ܴﵽռ򡣳Ϊһ档޾»۵ս⣬ҲѹƲסҪ׵ı
Σֻһǰѣ
˫״̬£ֱǴ˳
һֻŵһȺʨӡߣȴһͷŵһȺʨӣ
Ȼûг֣ȺʨӣȴȻչֳױȵɱ
գ֮䣬ͽ컯ңľţ˺޴Ŀӡ
컯ңߣѾϰϵ
ɲǳīݺ޵еĴڳɱ䡣ԭûм˻һȺࡣս࣬Ȼ̶ֳܴȡ
ǱΧеŵʿȫ¶ޱصı顣
ǴȴͺɴϽ֧š֮ǰЦľ̫ˣǴʿ̫̹Ⱥ࡭̫ǿˣ
ǿѾȫԽԭ֪
ǵУһֱֵ͵顣࿴һ
źöȼأ
뵽Ⱥ࣬治ǿǰŪĵ͵顣ԭǷ׺˰
ÿһγ֣൱ԣΧһȺ澳顣û˸ϽɫĹâ뵽澳ĴãѾױһֲս
ÿһγ֣ܽһش
شԷͬʱֱӴӶԷ´ľ˳ɵ
Ǵöеһֱ졣
걻ī˹ײİıڤѾΪ˱ڤ棬ˣһ統꣬һƣȴǾ춯أ
Ⱥˣ׺Ӱһʱǿߡʱĺ嫴ûᲢۡȴȻǹƥİԼ޵е
ޱȣ
ܳʱ䣬淽˶Էһ
ЩмĿһۣȴֳƽƼǱߣƽƼնһʿ
ʱ򣬽Цˣǿŵģ
磿
ĵЦǺܹϺܹϵĻˡλһ㣡
ܰô


1835 ˭˭
˾ͼͼһŹÿһ׺ݵ굽Щ˵ڻƽõıϣƽӵƶٶȼֱ̫ˣ
ԣ˾ͼͼټҲ޼ѰңһֱȺ棬ҪҲҪԽȺˡ
һȺʨӣ㻹ôԽ
˾ߵԽԽǱߵϪЩסˡü䣬һĨɷһȺûûˡ
Ļû˵꣬ȴȺɱʿһ£ֱӾˣ
ٶȣֱǱһҪ֪ģΪǳ˶Ŀųʲôء
ϪֱָоȺˡרŸȥģ
ܰʱô׼Ҳֱˣ
ǱȺ컯ңʿǵڶûлعܶ˻أ
ǶӦʱȺһ࣬Ѿ˻صǱȥˡ
ȫʧӰ
ôġ
ϪĿɿڴĿһĻȻã⡣
ȻȫĺܡϪȴϻĸоʾˣѾˡȴͻȻҪΪ˵ľĳ嶯
ǡ̫ˣ
ǰԲѵĴţʹ죬˵ƯأԷžľһƣ޾ĳݺݵĳϡ
¡Ϫ˵
һ̾һˣ͵Щʿǣһɡ
沢ҪΪϪΧʵϣոϪŵ̬ȣʵЩŭڿŴ컯ңߵʧ֮ǰԼߵʧҪءʱ˵ʲôĻȻҲʺˡ
ֻܳԣϪա
һԵĻҲͷ̹Щǣ򵥰
˵ǲ򵥡
ոⳡսǶʱȻݡȺչֳǿƥսʵǸе𾪡
Щ𺳣벻ЩȻĿӵǿս
벻ôĵӣ϶Ĵ𣿿ĴǾ޹⡣
Ϊֻ˵˼Ǽˣû⽫澳ʿɵľŷ
Ϫ൱е̾˿ȻУ¶һĨɱǿͬҲԵġ
Ҫ濴Ϫ΢΢ü˵˵ˣһɱȥƽУе飬ȫ
¾ԲܾôˣңôҲһʱ嶯Ϫߡ;裬˵Ǹոʤ࣬һʤ̣϶ȫ˷ܵĲСƢԣǶӦú˽⣬ڣڴ磬ףⳡʤȻ˳㴵һ£жôʿжôܡǿҵݸ̹ÿһˡʱͻȻɱȥ϶Էһ޴ľϲġ
Ϫ˵ţԣҵ˼˵Ǵ컯ңľɱȥǡĴţɱȥֱɱԷǸ֮أ಻о仰Ǿͳᣬǵ֮أ׶˵
Ϫ˵֮ⷬͻ졢ˣȫ˼СǿʼĳɹʣԼԷΪĸʡ
󣬷Ϫֽ飬ȻкܴĿԡƾǶ˽⣬ҲȷһȺ顣
ÿδս󣬶Ҫ˷ܵĿһʢᡣսľ޴ѹͬʱҲ˴ݳǿ󲻿սʤźš
ǱߣҸ츺򴩡Ҳһ൱ˡ
ͬˣ˵飬ͼᷴڡֱ˵ҸϪָӾţֱ˶Է֮أǳīǳ棬ס
ϵ쵭˵
˲öսƻ
ͬʱ
̹磬ڵıԵش
ոɱޱȷħȺˣ˿һȻɴ˷֮ɫˣȷѾ侲ˡ
Щصģڽơ
ƵˣǳīĶͽܣʫ
嵱ѪҺŮӣѾ׳һࡣ
ĺӣѾˡˣȴһ統ꡣ
īλˮһܹţĥ֮䣬ɾٰü
ʫҲѾ׵ԼѪ飬̹磬ļ԰һһľĸ顣κˣƻļ԰
ʫӵŶҽͬʱˣֲĶҩԣߣҩҽ飬ڸ
īҲѾѻ¯
ʫˮǲصƣü壬´βôƴˣѾе˼ĸˡ
ˮȴǹһЦ˵ûʲôⳡ̣ʹ죡
Щ˵ˣЩҲĥЩġˮĻȫ̲סЦ
ǰⳡ̣һʹ죡˫һƨˮߣȻüƨϣһ˿ڡΪλõĹϵûȥ
ôҲʼ漶ĴˣһȺСƨƨɣе㶪˵ĸо
ϣҲżƣǱߵĳīʵīȺˡĻɱǲô³çɣ
ڻֱīˣѾϡˡʵˮЩˣʱ䣬ҲƺīΪӵġ
վǳīĽ㣬ԸֱˬЩСڣ֪īҲ⡣ԣô꣬һֱֱġ
īתųЦЦ㣬ʮа˾Żϵġ
ΪʲôȻѾ澳磬ܲӵʱ򣬿϶ȥڳīǰʱȻǽ㣬ʵϣȴһá
ʱôЦ˵ȺˣΣҪûŽйˡһΣǻǵʿ棬ݺݵĽѵȺһΡǵȻҲס϶Ҫ˵侲ơǾȥܲ˵ľɱȥˡԣһı󶯡ôǶǵĲ²⣬һףĻĴһֱɱǵϳǿԴһֲ
ǳ˳飬˵ǼٸˣһСʤ̣Ҫʼףвɣ
䣬Щˣ϶ôġЦŵȻʵۣ˵أ
ţݷȺôĿԣռ˼ٷְ١վڳīߣս˲ûвⳡսġȴǱģ
īͬۡϺСϵʿȣһЩ̹ϵķʦڽֱһֲķ
ⷨ󣬺ʱܾá
֮࣬ǰټ̹Ⱥʿ֮󣬾Ϳʼ˲á
Ѿȥܾˣ
ԣ˭˭£˵ء


1836 ˾
Ǳߴػ˳Žڣ̹磬īʵ֪ȴûһû
ȻĻǸĴ콾Ѿҷʱˡ
īûȥǸػһʶȫûнġһʼһղֵط󣬲κεĺۼһܹ֮Էľ
Ȼ޵еȴûСȺˡ
ʿУҲûзʦȺˣͬеĺܣ̶ȣѷɫߵĶ֡Щ˵ľ̶ȣпܲѷɫīԼ
ԣīһʼĲã൱Ľ
ҲΪԭػӷδУ޲Ͳ֪īʵҲһʵ顣
ȻػʲôоǾ˵ⷨǱȽϳɹģ󲿷ֵʿӦöӦĴڡ
ʱ򣬶Էֱӳɱ˲ͻײС
Ϊīⷨõģ̫ˣ
ڽڵıԵ
ֻҪ˽ڣͱҪⷨﾭ
ʱзʦ쳣Ҳˡ
֮󣬳īſʼټ̹Ŵ½ϵķʦϺкϵʿһΪĴĴţһӭʢ硣
ⳡʢյĴ㣬ħȺ˵ⳡս
ȫһĲ߻֮ս
ħȺˣҲ̫һսˡԣһˡȺ˷йһеֶƵŭ˳һԼĳɫͶԷʵȻֿԴﵽƶԷĿġȺʿ
̫ƣ
˵Ĺʶ
ǻۣ൱׿ġ
Ƕ̫ԸϣҲòűӳ顣
ʱ˿̣īѾú˷󣬴ˣ͵ȺڷıԵشȫһ׷Ρ
ȺһʱģͷֲǵĴڡȵܹǵʱҲѾʲôˡ
ħЦʵīһӿԷˣ
īü룬Ȼ̾ϢһԷʵǿ˵ʵҲЩûաʵϣʿӵſԺ̹ı¡ȴ򣬲ΪӪĻûжģܹսʤǡ࡭Ҳһܾ˵ĳ档Щˣȫ䣬Ҳҡ
īĻһĬȻȫͷǵҲЩʿĺǿֻǲ̡̫
Ⲣ˵Щ˾Ųѧֻ̣Ϊ̫Ըˡÿһʿ̫ǿˣһ֧ǿɵľţȻԸ˶һԸôһ֧ӣսʱ˳˳ˮȻᱬֲɱһӺʹۣһкǧ
ߣֻܻʮ׷˵УսҲо͸ޱȡʲôļƲߣģʱ˺͡ѾĹУγһ׵ֶΡı飡
Щ飬ȫĲƸ
ЩֶȺսֱġ
ʱ䣬˹ƾ˵ĴһǷӦսֶΣҪѧϰĻֱ̫ˣ
΢е鷳֮⣬κζ˵⡣
ԣҪǻع֮ǰ׵Ľ鷳
ⷨ󾿾Էˣīûס
ʱ򣬳һ˵ݼ㣬ֱɱԷǧˣ˶ԷһǧҡʣµЩˣӦûʮ̹֮󣬳ǸʱʣµˣȫЯķŭ޾ɱǡʱ򣬾սˡ
Ϊ̹ԣ۽ָ̫ϵͳЩϵͳķ̹Ĺͨ硣ļڳˣŷġ
ɱԷǧˣʵѾһ˲ĳɾˡ
ǿǧȽĴʿǧͨ˰
ܹ˶ԷһǧˣҲѾ˲ˡ
˵һܹöԷ𽫽һı
Ӫ˵Ѿһ൱ѵõʤˡ
ʤ֮󡭡ȻҪһս
ܱȫ԰սкηǸСУȴɢ˵ʧȥ԰ǻŸʲô𣿵ͬɥ֮Ȯһô
Ѿ̫ϾĴе㲻̫Ը⻰źӽһ
ӿŴ죬һЦû˵ɹأ
ӣҲɣ󹫼һЦ
⼸һôһصգʱ˼֡˵ϣ¶Цݡ
˶Ѿ漶ȥɵ໥٩Ⱥ飬ȴȻֳ֮ġ
īЦ˵ȻսҲҳǰ档ңνսġҲһǡ
ӷֻصһϷǡϺһ̹ȻӦһ
ͬĻϵʿ΢Ц˵Ϻ˵ļǣʵ˵һֹ̣Ҳתֻءֻ֮ҲȻܻ࣬ʧաǻ
ʱȫī
ҪջôͱҪī
ԣɲЦеվȺУųī˵ˣǿܾԶʧˣԶĶˡ
īЦЦģ룬һûôġ
ʱԶĽڣͻȻ俪ʼһҵĲ
ʼˣ
ڳˣȫֹͣ˽̸Ŀ⣬ͶԶĽˣܽŵǱߡ
ʱ򣬳ī˵ҵŷһ㡣
˵ţֱ̹磬Ȼ󣬽޾ýڱøӼ̣
֮⡣
ڵľͻ죬ͬʱ˵ԷѾڹˣⷴӦٶȡʵǿ죡
ʱϪҲӺͬʱ֣ڡ
ϪȵԽ˵ԷԽʲôûУ򴩽ڣûκλᣡ
¡¡
ϰĴ澳ǿߣһֱ֣ͬӽǼޱȵĽڣ俪һѷ죡
ѷ죬аôݹ൱һա
ܽںһѷ죬Ѿʲôˡ
еʿȫ˲仯壬Ȼ˳ѷ죬׷ȥ
˵ҸϪȽȥһȵˣҪң֮ǰ˵ͣ󣡲Ҫң
ͨ͡һ֧ӡ
Ⱥʿ˵ֳ棬ȴѾǷǳ֮Ľˡ
ߵĻ;ˣȻڳϵĹŽڣȻĻڣʱпܻϷ϶
Ⱥ˵ٶ൱죬۵ʵûһߣ
ԣֻǼʱ䣬ӽʿȫѷ졣
󣬾ͻҲ˳ѷ˽ȥ
Ǹոմڣ͸о˲Ծ
Ϊһɿֲɱǵصġֹһֻ͵Ǻܾõľޣһǡ
ˡмˣ
˵Уȫһ


1837 թ
ѾӽڳȺ˾ŵʿ˿ҲȫѾСⷨٶʵ̫ˣûǰʱȥκεԤϪ綥ĴʿȫûüκεķӦǾͷԼסˡ
Ǳ̫ⷨ׺̫пᡢֲ̫ˣ
Ƿ·һȻȼܴҪȥǲܵһ롣ǾĵȺʿȻӦ
ԣһ֮Ⱥʵֲʿֱӿʼ˷ĳҪⷨгȥ
ϪȫŭʱԹĻѾ˵ڡԹ˭أϪôƻͬľ
Ҫ֣Ҳֳֻܹī̫թˣ
Ȼ˼ı
־ԵʵĶսУȻüıս
ǴȥĴ¶һƬȻ
ΪԸָļıУһ仰ھԵʵǰκıƣûġǧƣҶһ֮档һ֮棬ǾԵʵ
ʲô֣ʲôƣֻҪþԵʵֱײײıƣǾ㹻ˣ
ɽ죬ȴīüıݺݵˡ
ʵ̹һճӤĴߣȴѾǳĴˣֱ۷׳꣡
ĸ׳ȥԸһճӤ
˵ĻǿϣҲûѹˡ
ǳ֮ǰĿеĴģѹɨѹ
ֻĴǶһսĸоû˰ⳡս£ϡ
ȻȵĴţĴ£ڵɱīһˣǹƥɱżɹġȻ̸϶ôأȴ׶ϼȥ
İþԵʵǺݺһƣ
Ȼ󣬺飬ǽӶĶһ
ÿһǶ⣬ʹĸоǸо̫ˡ
ѾһǶˡƣ
ȫѾƵУ޷԰ˡ
һķŭԹ״ݻ־ʿ
Ҫģ磬ǻġġǵĶ⣬ܵһų⡣ųīõ쾡¡
мٸ澳Ĵʿֱӱˡ
ⷨ󣬾һ޴ḥ̂بա
ȺĴĴʿǱװȥĶӣҪĥ̷ѹĥ
ľ壬ⷨǰͬûκá
Уʱ󰧺
ī֮ǰЩĴе飬Ѿ̫꣬ûоһսˡĴڲȷǳ͵ϢżҲǹģСġ
ûлᣬȺʵĸ֣뵽ʵսС
Ĵ֮䣬ҲŶ˴˼䣬໥ͬûκս
ҲʹĴеЩͬһľʿȻžͷΣȻҲѵǿһصĶûκһʿսԼҵûĸˣԼһˡ
ǿ̹磬һĴ硣û죬ĸֻʱֻҪһ·ƹȥһ·ǿʵѹ㹻ˣ
ȫˣ
Ĵ
Щ̫Сˡ
ԣ˵ЩԽܣòӦ÷顣
ʵϣվһѵԹ߽Ƕȣȴֱ֣ᷢǱȻġӵõ
īһȺˣʱȫվڷıԵ޴ķＱתѹĴߵʿ
˵϶̲ס¶һ˿ϲɫԺΣڣǳɹˣ
ǳɹĽĴ˾Ÿңڷ֮£Щ˾ŵУܿͳԶиǵı֣ҲԶĻҪ
ħ˵ȥǵĸ󡣡˵ţħһԵĳۡ
˵״̬ʿǻܼʱͣͷӬƵͻĻǵһֲܿ֡٣Ҳǧǧ֮䣬صĹˡпְܳǧһ˵˵ģпܴﵽ򣡡
ڳˣȫ̲סһǵĿУ˸ŻĹâ
ġȺȺţҵĻô㷨ֹͣתЩҴӳߣҲлᣬǽһսˣ
ڣµڶ󣡡īһ侲ķԸ
ȫһ𾪵Ŀ
ʱ򣬳һѣ磬ټ̹ܶõԴֱӾͻȥųϡ̫ΣˡûԴԺô죿
īһۣȻԣʲôʱ򣬶侲ҲΪ侲۶ôһ࣬վֻһ
īţ˵ܽȫĻôǾûԺˡ
۶ЩĿ͵Ŀųīļǳġԣںܶ˿Ҳֻ΢һž͵ͷõģȥ׼Դ
̹µϵͳһ˲䣬īָݵκһطȥ
ħųīȻԼͽܵ˼Ҳĵǽ̹δȥˡͬҲףīҲãȺҲáʵûк·
ʱڳīߣ˵Ǹոմһгϵڶε𣿡
ġī˵ǰ󣬽·󡣵ַձƵֻ֮ҪǰһͻᱻڵڶС
ǵ󣿡Ͽųī
ЩˣҲųī
һٶġҪǵܴЧĻҲҪȺ˵ˡ
īЦթ
թ
˵棬ȫصĸ֡Ȼüͷ
īȴûйȥͣΪЩ飬ǶĻ͵úǳȥͣȻġ
ڳīУɱ˵ġ
˵ģ
ڿȺʿ˲֮󣬳īıս׵뷨Ϊ֣ͲҪսܽȺ˾ŵʿӵӵ
ôⳡս̹ôԴѵҪ
ȻҪġ


1838 ˵
ڳ˵Уܲ³ī˼ˣࡣ޵Уȴһ
λ˽߳ϽȻҲѾĩ࣬һʵ̫Ͼ硣˲żüõĳߣȴȻ㲻ľǿߡ
Ҫ˵ڱⷽ棬壬ǿˣһ֮
ֻ׷磬ûǿĸĵطŻı
ԣҲ˵Ĵߵ˾ʲôνľţǴĶǿߣͬɵһ֧顣ȻʲôɨƽʲôˡǾˣ
ʲôнֹʲô֯ɡ˵Ķ̫ңԶҲ̫ͼˣ
ÿ˶Ǿ֪֮ԼӦʲôôҪľżһӱ˵İڲ
ȻǲҪģ
ߣʵ̹ߣʿҲȫͬͷ
ԣЩīóһ൱Ƶѵϵ÷޵ΪѵЩ澳֮µʿĽ׶Σ̫˱ʾ⣬иֿ顣
³ī̹ҲԸԼ
ī̬Ҳ൱ǿӲһ̹žľУôκβˣ򴦷֡
Ǳôʲô磬ĸңⱲӣܶҲ̧ͷˡűļ壬Ҫܵ˵ӣʲô飬ѡ
ⲻǳīȨ壬Ϊ˱Լļ԰
ǰ֮£û˿ԳΪǸ⣡
˵֣Ǿ͸ˡ
ΪΪ̹žһԱ͵ȼʿȡԴ潲ǳ˾٣ī
ֽͻ£̹ž˼ʮʱ䣬Ѿ׳ɾˡ
Ȼʵ֧ɵľǿʤӴ
̹籾Ѿ㹻Ӵˣ飬Ƕൽĳ̶ȡ
ԣ̹žʮϣ
ܹγսģҲҡ
ţīûзɹ˵ŵĹҪһЩΪЩ棬ǳīߵȺˣ
Ǿٻе㲻⣬Գīǿнֹġ
һΣħȺ˵ⳡսͼõ֤˳īַȷԡ
ʤ࣬ݺݳĴһǶ⡣ȻɹĽԷ뵽˷С
ľ޴ʤˡŽᡭȡʤĹؼ˵ʵǿҲһȺǿŽһ
ڳ۵ĵ֮£ڶ󣬿ʼɵĽ
󣬳īͬõСĽֵǣһĹ̹߳ɹһ󷨴ʦԣڽڶ͵ʱٶҪȽһ̫ˣ
ںһֱڳīߣ䵱űڵݡۼ֤漣ĵҲˣΪʲôīܹջùȫС
Ҳòϣ̹γɵ磬Ҳпձ
С
ŭţʼ£Լľʿͼ˶ΪȥǾûκҴĻˡ
Ļҽ׶Σĥ̫ˣ
ǼָķͲã
ЩֱڻⷨСϵս£Ҳ޷סⷨѹԲûöõʱ䣬ĴߣѾʧ˳ǧʿ
ʧʵ̫ˡصûκܹеΡ
ÿһʿĴĲƸǶһȺѷɫٵĴʿվ۷Ĵڡ
ڴ˿̣ȴڷ׷١
ʹ࣬ϪЩȫ۵Ҫ衣
ǱҪ侲
գĴһ𣬳һǿȻ󣬽˾ʿӻ
ĴߵЩƫҲȫżЩˣһӵŸͬԽΪ侲ٶȣҪЩͨľʿܶࡣ
ַԽԽĴʿһ١뵽ǵķΧ֮ڡ
Ȼһһµˡ
ǳûôķΧܹɵ޵ġ࡭Ҳҡ
ԣѾһ˾ǧ֮Щҵˣڳ໥֮䡭ڳĦ
Ҫ֪Ȿ֧໥֮䲢ϤľšȻˣûκν顣ûΪ˶Էһλó
Ϊ棬սҲͳ˲ɱһ顣
ڷеһ磬ǵֻвһǧĵطʮˣֱӴһţ
ԭֻΪλս߶ڡ
գ֮䣬ͷչһȺڻŹȺˣ缸࣬սҲ޼ִ漶սɢĲ൱ֲ
˵ǧôľ룬ǼʮϰգҲܱ׵Ĵ
ǵսܿͲǱߵķ
ʹǱߵһǣܿ᧿Σ
ֱøڷе˷ŭˣҲ˲϶Է˭ˡֱӾϰٸˣߵսţֱӺһɿµĹ
һƬֱӴˡ
ʮ໥˴ʿ⧲֮£ɹ˲Ļҷ
УΪֲĹøӻҡ໥֮սҲڱÿ˼֡
㻹ΪλöսҲȫԾϵ޼ɵ
ۿ鷢ȴЩֹΪǶȫ֧
ƿڴǶǰ׳𣿸˼һתȻ󲻾𣿡
ϪҲŭ𣺡໥ˣǶˣ߹ˣ飡
̲ס̾ϢһҲ˵ǲЩ֪࡭Ϊʲôǵı֣Щˣ
û˵ȴɫࡣȻǰһĻĳΪһ˵Ľ
ʱ飬ֻᷢ統С
Ϊһ棬Ⱥ඼пֱӴġû飬гһգȻᷢ˵Ⱥ嵱С
ֱª޷ŵĵز
̾⡭ʵ԰ˡôԼҲվˡ
ĵĿһۣ˵ʱ˵ֻ˼𣿡
̾Ϣһ˵
ǱϪˣɻŬø˼Ȼͬһֹֿͬѹ
ڣڸ˵Ŭ£ΣʱĴȺ˵ͷʧˡ
ʿ澳ǿߣʱȫ̲סϲ
û취ԼгһգҲЩһֵ쾡¡
ֽٺĸоǡ̫ˣ


1839 ĵ
Ĵ˵ǵУһ㶼졣ΪһȥѾͳƳһε
ȦУʣһǧˡԼĽ
Ҳ˵뵽֮нӽǧʿֱⷨˡټ֮ǰʹ컯ңŵʧǼ˼̹һëûأѾʧ˽ӽһı
⣬Ѿоżķ֮һˣ
Ѿǵһ֧ŵ
⽫һ澳ʿѾȫȫ׻ҷˣ
Ѿȥֻȥˣ
ܹɳ²֪ҪµĻۡ
ңУжʿֻس飬壬˭˵׼⡣
ʣʿҲá˵ʧȥսģһˣ
Ҳ˵ڣʵϣҲʣսʿ
ңˣڿ֧ĥ
⵽ʲô󣿡ҧгݣƽû˵˿ֲķ󣡡
Ǵ취󡣡Ŀڡ
һ⣬˵κһ磬γɵʱ򣬶Ӧķ󣬸һͬÿһ󣬶һ˵ǺɴϽУҲͬŴ취ִ취ҲֻƿУˣ԰Ըȥ󣬵ȴ޷ƿغз󡣡
Ҳ˵ֻдƿַ󣿡ҧгݡˣڴ쵱УӦҲķ󡣵ȴûиϵһ
һΪַ󣬴ûڴпһ棬ȴûаѳīһĴȻЩƲī½ġ
ͷңַδֻһ
ˣȫ̲סͷߡ
һѾˣ
ѾɱǱ֣ҪɢˡҪǿ߲ȥˡ
ַ󣬶ԴģҲޱȾ˵ġ֮ǰҲˣû뵽ǸīȻһͬʱȻǵˣȴòһ˵һҲҪĴʱġô첼óЩԤϡ˵
ʵһ󣬻ĵٵԴ
룬˵ֳĴ磬ǧ£١ĵȫԴİٷ֮һҡңģԶġܶԴǲܹġǿЩԴҲҪʮ»۳̹Ĵ˵
ţҲż壬˵Ǳ˵ǧˣһ硭ǶûУֻһ磬̹硣ԣһҪ֮һԴ
ĴЩʵʿˣȫ̲סһ
һ֮һԴʲôīֱһӰҲ̫ˣ
ѵ̹ЩʹӦô
Ĵ죬ĴҪôֻĵȫԴİٷ֮һЩǣҲԲӦֻƵ顣
Ϫһ˵Ҳ˵̹ߣֻܲһȴ᲼µڶ԰ɣ
ҡҡͷЦδء
ȫͷߡ
ЩŵĵѵǳīҰ̹ԴȫĵȻɱȺ˲ɣɱȺˣѵĴͻŹôͲô˵ĴûأһΣܽǳ׻ܣĴǱߣҲû̹硭ҲΪһ˥ߵأһƬأȻһ磬Ҳһ磬ʲô壿
ȫ̲סͷǴͬķųīΪǵǽԼҲƽ˾·СȫԼ·ˡ
軹˵֮ǰ˽īһʲôԸ࣬ڣ룬ҶѾ˽ˡΪ飬óġ
ҲΪ񡣻һ취ӦþͿ԰ǸˡʱԴˣǾһսءϪ˵
£һ顣ѾܹסⷨĥˡһҲԶתôϼٸһ֧ʣЩˣ˵ˣ˵ˣû˵ģϢȵֹⷨͣתһֱ̣ɱȥ
Ϫͷ¡Ҳֻˡ˵ţ̾ϢЩûлҵĻǵʧӦôġ
Ҳҿгªһ棬ǲԭĸ߹󡣡
ͲҪ˵ЩйˡϪһ۾裺Ҫ飬˵ʵãȵֹͣһ˲䣬Ǿͳɱȥ
΢΢һ£ʵ˵ֹͣתˣǳȥȻֽ˵ڶ󡭡ֽΣ
ۿûųīô֮һԴµڶ󡣾ⷬҲû˵ڡУȴʼմһ˿ǡ
֪飬Ȼôһ㡣ԺɴϽ죬Ǻ̹ƽˡ
ܶˣ̹Ų˽⡣ֻ֪̹Ⱥ嵱еһҲƬؼ䣬Ψһһ񡣵ȴ֪̹һʲôˡ
ʵϣںСʱڣӦֻ֮ոյ֮ʡڵʱҼ̹һΡ
ʱ̹ţһ硣ʵǸʱ̹ţҲһòӢٷࡣ
軹ǵһۼ̹ŵʱȻĶĸоǸʱֻһɵ˵ŮϽĴߣǸ̸Ц
Ƿ棬ԶС
Ǹʱ̹ţûиĴַء
ĳɳȻ磬ҲһķŸı䡣
Ĵǣ֪ΪΣ࿪ʼǿҵȻ̹ųĴ죬ա֮䣬̹ŵ뿪׾ˡ
ʵ֪̹ŵ겻ӻĻлᣬΪȨߵˣ
˻壬
ԣʵһֱ̹Ϊʲôôǿѵ˵ػͬ塭ôҪô
ȻЩˣīϣƺ̹ǾǿӰӡܣ񣬻ûĸī֮䷢κν
ȴѽīǸ̹һĴڡۼߣȴã۲ܻ֡ЩˡīδɾͣпܣǳԽ̹Ŵġ
ԣУһε̹ǰʵǲõġֻ˵ǲףԹĶˣӰ쵽ľġĲá
ȺʿĴЩǵ֧֮£һ൱¡


1840 Ų
ڹȥǴûʲôʱĸҲֻЩ׵࣬Żʱ⡣ǶǲˣҪȥƽµš
˿̣ȴȫһֶĸо
ĸ֣ҲǴѧģڣ仰ʲô˼ˡ
ļ尾̫ˣ
ʱһһεţĴЩ֧£ֲɱ˷ڿʼһ˿˿ɶ
ԴˣĴڵһʱ䣬ȫѾӦˣ
ǵϣҲ¶˾ΥϲɫֿģǷĵġ
ţЩǣҲӦ˥ߣϵЦݣһӾͳֱ̫ˣ
ܿ죬ӵʣµһǧʿС
ˣȫ鲻Խķ𻶺
̫ˣ
ָо̫ʹˣ
죡
ٺָоɣ
һ˲䣬֪ж˵Уȫһͷ
ȻɶҪױҲվһĹ̡ҪȫԴ׺ľŻı
Ⱥʵǿʿ˵ǲҪȵ󳹵ױܳȥ
ֻҪɶѷٴһ㣬ҲͿ뿪ˡ
ԣʿȫĦȭƣдǿҵ˷֮飬ͬʱἰ̹飬ϵǹɱͺ⣬ҲǿҵԸӵģ
ҳȥκһ̹飬ҶػŹ
ҲһڼѾǵȲˣҪһ̹飬ȫɱҪǴң
ƽǵһʹһ顣
лĻϣֻܹɱī
ǵģҲϣԵĻϣϴһٵ
ˣȻܺĸܵȺǵŭ궯ǲûúܿġΪҪǶԱͷȺʿǣͽлһȺֲʨ
սĥ˵÷ʽ
ҲãҲáս֮˵һУ޴ı仯
Ⱥʿǣǰɴû̬ǿҵɱġ
⣬Ǻ¶
ڣһ죬ͷ֮ϣȻӿȻڷڲѡǲ֮ۡȴһһѷ죡
Ҫˣ淢һ
ϪݳǿҵˣҪʱڳȥȻᱻ顣ٵȵȣ
ʱʿҪٵˣѾȲҪȥɱȺ̹ˣ
ǰǣƶǳȥɱʹɣ
е嶼ǸгīġǳȥǶɱɾ
һȺʿʼĺ
濴һϪˣȻ󣬼ȫ΢΢ͷ
ӴΪۣĽķΧͷƶȥ
УһЩطķЩñֱӱ
мʮʿֱӱĥŵЩʿƶ
ǻľ壬ҲҪռݴΧطġ˵ӣÿһ൱߰Ҳ˵ľ壬Լľš
ָоѹ·һ𡭡Ҳûʲôֱ¶඼ܲˣ˵Ⱥˡ
ԣŷƶ˱ȥ
ȺƶǵѷǰʱѾмΪżȥе飬ֱĥˡ
Ĵµˣȫܵĸож̹顢Գīʹޣָ˼֡
зģֻҪȥһȺͼÿ
һҪǶʬΣ
Сģɳȥˣ̽һ
һΣĴҲеѧˡѧ顣
ǣʮ˾еʿСģ˳ͷ߳ȥȻֱӳǵѷ쵱С
ʱˣиǽŲѣǶȫעĹעͷǵѷ촦ı仯
ȻЩ˸ոճȥֱǿķ
ħȺΪס
ƮŮۡϵ澳ʿѾ֪˶á
ʮʿոһ¶ͷͱһĿֱֲӸɱ
ֻһˣĴǱӻءȻ󷢳ȻĴУã滹ǵˡǵ˶ˣ
侲һ㡣һǳ⣺ôģ
ʱʿЩ侲Ϣ˵棬Ⱥˣǵȥ컯ңսȺǵʵøǿˣ
ȻȺˡһϣȴ¶Цݣž裬ǹ˵̹磬ʵĶôһȺˣ֮ǰĲ²⣬ûģҲֻгīߵһȺˣŵõĴ컯ǵĴ澳ʿҲͼǧˣЩīӦø޷ƿءõģʵֻ⼸˶ѣ
ϪҲ˵ܶõơࡣ˵Ǿȴǿǵȱ㣡ʮѣûаװΪ̽鵽ҪϢ
˵īȻûôģЩǣǡǡ˵ˣǸûֶˣǳīķˣҪþ̹ȫԴЩˣҲôӦ㣡
΢΢üͷˣͬһŮˣΪһŮ˵ĺԾܾûô򵥡˵ı飬ǾԼҪˮˡҲ֪־ˮľٶʵܲϲġûϲ
һΣȻʧʮʿ˿һжֵõģ
ΪⳡսʤѾ̫ˡյĽҪõе̹֡硣ѹһ飡
ȣ˵
档
ħȺ˲ɱʮʿ֮໥һۣӶԷУһĨ𺳡
϶̲סЦӣȻҲһˣŲ߰
ǿ϶˳̽·ӦǿذɣЦ˵
߰ɣǵҲѾˡûʲô¶ˡϰڰ֡
ȻһȺˣԶĵطֱȥ
嫵ľ޴Ȼڿ֧š
ĹӲд
īˣվڸԶУĿһĻ
ŴվڳīߣЩˬĵӣⳡսûʲô¶ˣ
īһۣЦԺ󡭡Ĵһ죬꣬㡣
ӵ۾ʱһųī˵ģԺ󡭡зĴ죿
īͷ˵࣬Ƣܱܲ۸ô꣬ȴһ㷴ľٶûаɣǽСˣ̫ˣ
ųī仰ԶĲۣ֮һȻ죡
Ѿ޾µĿֲ󣬺Ȼѡʹ
Ȼ󣬾ͼʿͬբĺˮһ㣬ģһԡ߳ɱ
䣡
һ
ڶ󣬿ˡ


1841 ʮ
жһڷһ˲䣬ֱһѪȥΪ޴ĶǿҵˡһѪʵʵ³ģԸû˭ỳװ١
ǱѾȥϪ첢ûֱͣӸԴҪŸ
һ֮⣬еĴľʿȫ˳ȥ
ǵϣһһǰƣҲһɾɱǵУʵǶ̹ʹ޵˼㡣һ̶ͣ޲ɱīȺ˵ǰźá
ǶЩźΪʲô֮ǼٸȫʧˣѵǱôܵ棡
ʱǺ̹磬ǻܵδȥ
һɥ֮ȮһԶʧȥԼļ԰Ǻˣ
ȺʿǵŸָͷʱһϤȻȻ󡭡ڶֱӿˡȺո˾ʿȫڵУ

ôܣ
Ϊʲô
ôеڶ󣿡
ǵķʦɵΪʲôѣ
šҡҪˣ
˾ţٴλص֮ǰǸԭ㣬ˣȫҲǿţŭšкܶˡڲҽţ
ΪոձУȺˣû̵ʱ䷴Ӧ
ԣһʱ䣬ֱӾдʿⷨеĥ˾
ȵ˷Ӧſ˷ʱѾǧԭûг׻ָƵʿֱˣ
ͬʱ֮ǰЩ˵ģҲȫ᧿Σʱȥ
˲һͷˣ
ǷĳſȻˣͬйһеֿ
ǣһΡһǿ裡
ûнȥ
վԭУߵǷ֮γɵĻҹЩ൱£ҲڲϵɱЩѾȫ˺
һģȴ˲˹ȵסһϲõûС
ʲôٺңʲôӹһٵĿͳͳûУ
еģֻ޾ľ֣
ĵ飬ڷˣ
ңԷƣֱ̫ˣҲ̫ˣ
󣬸ǽŵġʱеˣһվȻȥ̽飬ȻĻûһܹ⡣
šȺ࣬ôô£վУ˼ΪеãȻ
һʱ䣬Щ֪ˡ
һΣΪһɴϽĴʿ֮ǰ˵һҪС¡мǣҪȺˣĴȥȻĻȻǴҲû취ɴϽǽ
ΪûκһˣֲܹҰܡ
ʱһӰȻھǰ
̧ͷӰſڣɬǳī
ҡīͷ
ǰˣòӢһɫĵۡͷ׷ڼϣֿտաûκαС
־磬ȡУҲһͷ顣ûбУʵࡣ
㵽ףҪʲô迴ųīûжٳֵΪȻһӤ磬Ҳ϶ǿǸˡ
һ˵ˣܹƥеġһط˼īһ̹棬ûκε
ǶǿߣҲһŮˡСϸ壬ҺսԲûôǿ
īž裬̲סЦЦУżּڽһȺֲǿߣȻҵҪʲôҵȻЩߡȫɵ
ͲĴ裿᲻һеĻٵ
ھͲڷ裿ͲŲһеĻٵô
һġ⣬ѵͲ̹Դ׿ݽߣЩԴݽˣһ磬͵ˡԺٲκδôʵǺе塣
ֱЦҲ˵ôһϵҲûС⣬ҲôѵҪȺֲʿһɱ⣿Ȼ̹ԴǹϷ֣Ͳ˷ѣǵīбž裺ŮˣԭǴܶ࣬û뵽ͬҲô
Գīĺǳ⣬ҲӿһգȴǿпסˡΪҲף˼˵Ķԡֻǲ⣬īôĵԴںη
ƣ̹һսѾʤˡ迴ųīԣְɡ
֣ƾʲôأīһζĿž衣
ֳϿҵĵҿԻĴ죬ȥĴǸ̸СЩˣȻ󡭡Ǳ֤ǡ
˵㣿īƲƲ죺֪˵ʲôã档
㡭Щˣŭųīѵ뽫ⳡս򵽵ײɣ
ȣŲ㣬Ų㱳ĴһȺʲô˵ʹ˵ͲɣңҲŲĴ֤ǣΪϡī䣬һ˵þĿɿڴ
㡭ŲңŲĴŲĴ죿šȻЩˡΪԭӦŲŶԣ
УīĵҪĴӲֵףƾʲô
ȻŲˡī˵ΪԼǸ߹塣˳ˣ˵ıǵڣ⣬汳Щ飬ͬǵڡ
˼ǣ̸軹Щš
ǰˣֱ޷š
ʲô̸ģߡɱ쾭飡īƤ˵ԣҪôĴ쳹Ͷ⳥̹һʧҪôǾʹ򵽵סʲôԴݽߡЩ⣬Ǻǣֲġ˵ʲôйŵĲ´Ь仰ǾһȺŵģŭˣҾʹһȺ澳飬ֱɱ̹磬Ȼǿˡʱ򣬼ĴɱǿҲأС椣
ⶼʲôʲô
оԼҪ˸Ʒˡ
ȻԼС椣š֪֪㣬Լڵڵһģ
ҹԼС椣ڵϷԼ
УʲôŵĲ´Ьģʲôǿ
⣬һӦ˵ĻһͷӰ
ȫ֪ԼӦ˵Щʲôźˡ
ֻǴĿųīãűһ䣺쵰


1842 ѹ
ī̲סЦСǲΪԼϣΪԼܷḻΪԼǳǣ֪֪ȺˣԴĵһ쿪ʼѾעǱҵˣ¾óǣʯͷԻ꣬ҲȻֻʯͷѣ
˵ţīЦһգһȻѹ̹ļӳ֮£˲ﵽһ塣
ۣ
̲סһѪȻȻ
ƾȺˣǡƾʲôҪ޾ˣţƾʲôʲôʸ񣿸߸ϣϵףǿͿΪΪƽǵһֶͣޣ
īϣɢֲֿ˫Ϣѹѹأ
ͻһ㣡
ϵѾױīѹջȥվǣɪɪֱͬһŮһ㡣
Ȼ޸֮ŮӣҲһ֮Ů
ΪˣͬԼĽ
ֱֻ˴ӵϣӵȫѹζʵ̫ˣ
ҪԷҪ߳ī˵Ĳԣ˰죬ȴԼȻԶԣ֪ʲôī
գֻܴĿӢİ׷ӣһ仰˵
ڻν̸УīĿž裬˵Ǹ߸ϵһװɣȻҪҶ֣ԼӡȫҪɱɡ
㣿Ҫңһ𾪵Ŀųī˵ѵľãһ㷴ûУֻ󲻳ɣ
īЦЦ㻹ǲİǾ԰ɣ
ī˵ţȫȫ
̹磬ڼӳ
̲ס˵ⲻƽ
Ĺƽ潲ƽȺӦùףףγɣҪǣī˵ţֱӳžһѹȥ
һ˲䣬ֱӼһϵķһ̨
ټַŮʹ̨ģ͸ټˡ
̨ⷽɢŹӵϢһɹ׾ĵϣնһīɫӰ̨վлӶһīɫĽֱӳųīն
̨еīɫӰȻӵųԽս
һĶ
ֳֹŽҲͬųīһ
ɱ֣˲γɡ
īƣûκͣ٣ֱӳīɫӰָоһ
̫ˣ̲סŭȡ
䣬ǵ̨߳ĵīɫӰѾīϢĸˣ
һ㲨ûɢšѵģǷ⣡
ķѣֱӱһ졣ֱ̫Ͼʿ
ֲ̫ˣһ㡣
ֻϢ˷ȥ
ûг̫Զľ룬Ѿֱʧˡ
ǳīڶ̹ķ򣬽ĥˡȻĻɲ˺
ΪīѾⷽ⣬һûж̹ѹһƲܽ顣ԾŻòƽ
ΪʲôҪƽأڸ
ⷽ飬þֱһھѪȻˣȥή˺ܶࡣ
īһƣֱӾͽѹ档ǰѹŽҲѡ
ѽѾֻأÿһΣһʱܻڵһʱ䣬ѹŽһѽ׽Ļ顣
Žѵһ˲䣬·˽ڰ
ˮ˳ž۾ֱ¡УҲֱӱĺ⣬īҺ㣡
ͺˣҲһһѹŽţŽȥӦǸµġأǺǡīϣ¶һĨЦ̹飬ȥȡһѽôʲô֪ۣ֪ѹ޾飬ûǹǣǾͻñɱûǲ֪ۣ֪ѹ
ī˵ţֱӽѹסȻ̹׵ĸӡֱӽһռ䵱С
󣬳īֶ÷ﱻ˺Ĳ޸
Ǳߵĵڶ档
ڱص
Ķ󣬲Ϫ⼸
Ϫ⼸µЩͬԭھµЩǡ
ԭȻڶ뵽С
һΣǵҪԽ˵һΣ
Ϊԭ桢ϪͻЩǣͶѾһﾫƣߡҪľȫ㽫һŹȥˣ˭û뵽Ȼֳ˵ڶ
еʿһֱ̣Ӿͱˣ
Щ֮ǰƾͼΪأҲûȫָʿֱӾʹĿʼĥ
Ⱥ˼ʱĳſ˷Ҳû̫ˡ
һΣǺ̵ܶʱڣĴ˾ߣѾʧһǧˡǰѾʧ˳ǧ澳ʿ
һ磬ͬһĴ磬ҪĴۣκܳܵġǵڣЩˡ
֮ǰӣ룬ֱҪݺݵĳԼ⡣ֱɰ
룬Ĵľ׹ƵĻֺαظɳһ֧ľţΪʲôɴֱɳٸʿϼ㹻
ֻϧʱ䣬Щ
һΣΪûг֣ʹ÷еƣ᧿ΣĴľţȻֻʣһǧˡ
ִûܹܡ
ԣػΪ׵һȺֱӶԾµЩչǿҵ֡
ǵӣֱˣ
Ѿǣ
̫ˣû꣡
ʵһʼػڣЩеĸҲֻ뷢йһǹ޴ŵŭˡûʲôϾĴżʣһǧˡÿһ֧ŵʧ޼վҪŽġ
ֻǵ͹˾֧ɴϽЩеıƣ
ǹԼ𣿵Ȼôһģȴǿҡ
ΪҲӣΪ̫һѪǳ棬Щµսʿ͸ȫûȥ
Ǹʹ޵ģȴŵ
ǻ˵֮ǰҼûѹǣܻڵڶ󣬵˭ˣ
ʲôҼˣ֮ǰûĸܻڣ
˵һҼ֮ǰὨʱǶ𣿡
ЩԺɴϽĶʿҲֱܹһֱѹΧӣֱҪˡ
ԣȻȥǸػȺڳʵϣȴìͷֱָ漸
ˣڿ֧ŷָȻŭ𡣲ȴ޴ӷΪ˼˵ġǶԵġ
ػȺ˾ͲôˣַҪȺƴ
һķΧ˲Ϣʹôʿһαѹ


1843 ֮ķ
̲סһѪŭǲǶǲһ˹Ҷסˣ
ϪҲ˵ʲôʱˣЩ⣿ǲǶԱ˳ŵģֵ߳ĴĴǱ߿϶Ѿ֪ˡԣֻҪҳţһܵǱߵľԮ
˵ⷬеѣΪʵ̫ˣ
ʵ˵Ļô
Ϫⷬ˺ܴãԭ궯Щʿڽ侲ʵȫѹ̫ˡ󵽼ûа취Ϣĵز
ػУ˸޵ݵչâݺݵ̾˿Ȼʼ˹ǰǿʼ֧
ˣĴţҲֻʣһǧˡ
һ̹鶼ûɱأ
ôѾܵһͿˣ
˵ȥĴ磬û˻šҲûܽʵ
ʲô¶
ʵĴĸ߲ǱߣѾ𺳵Ըˡ
Ǹûа취ţûа취ʵ
ʿڴΪ֮£Խĸ棬Ȼô̵ʱڣ˳һıⳡսôģ
ѵ̹磬һ̶Ѩɣ
˵̹ˣ
̹ǶܽܡϾһս
̹һˣ;ԿԴսˡ
ǣ̹Ѿͬˣ
Ȼǲģ̹ŵ־Ѿɢ硣ΪȺͬ壬Ѿ׵ԼȫһУ
û̹ŵ壬һȺɢɳһȺһߣ
ôɱôʿЩʿһǴ澳Ķڰ
Ĵ𺳵ʧĳ̶ȡ
ĸͷ൱еĸԳһ𣬿ʼͬǱߵ״
Ĵڣû֮һˣ
ĳ̶ֳ˵Ҳߡ
粢ǳױƿأֻأ̫̫࣬޷յĶЩǷ͵Խ͵ġ
޾һҲһֱѰĳִ𰸣ȴһֱûҵҪĴ𰸡
ʵĴκ˶
Ҫ봫˵е磬ȥ̽ѰЩܡ
ǲûгʵԭġ
ǺɴϽ̹֮꣬ĹϵܲŲǳĽ顣
ֻҲֻʣ޾ꡣ
ⳡսչ˸֮ìܣҲ׵ļˡ
ⳡսĽûг״ȻĻĴ࣬ŭǳ׵ľɱ
ڣֻݳһѾγˡɴϽ˵
һѾγɵĴ磬ǳǱ٣Ȼ޷ݵ˵
컯ңӦ̹Żˡ֮⣬벻ܡ
Щ²ڵĴڡڣǾһ𣬱Ҫйͨ
Ѿ룬ôģȴ鵭ȻˡʵһʼͲͬȥһ磬ϧ
ɴϽ˵ˣһΣɳսȥԮһɣԷ½ӦǶ˴취ǵˣñǱˡҪ˵սбɱʵ
취Ǹ½˲ɣһԴ׿ݽߣҪǧ磬ֱΣЩš
ȴ˵ЩԴѵǣ
ʱŲϣ¶һĨɬǸӣ̹š̹ûô񣡡
ǣ̹ŻǽġɴϽ̾ǲҲᱻơ
ѧˡ컯ң˵
ҲͬɽȥȴֱӾܾ顣˵Էô취ĿԼǵȻбҵǣЩ
ɣɴϽ¾ܾ˵ǵͬڳսܣңʲôأ
Ͼû𣿡ȴȻԴأ
ҿһʼƺǣɴϽüŴȴ
ȻΪ˵ǿȥ̡ǱߣʵǵĴСҾãȥľǴġȴ˵
ʲôǶԵģʲôǴģɴϽ˵ȥഫ̣ûκ塣ֻὫеĴУԼģ
Ҫôѡ˳ȴ˫ֺʮǴȴ죬ӽ󣬷ӡ磬κη
ҪĻǴš˵
ң졭˳ңʹ˵
Ͻһ˫Уų޾⣬ңλѵǸ˵
ûǡң˵ǺȻ䷢֣ȻǬʵϣҲû취񡣡
עֻֻء˫ֺʮϴʥĹԣңͨһսˡɱˡԺ󣬴ȴ졭ɱ
Ͻϴ޾ŭһ˵ãǲԸǱ˳ɡǷģ׮Ե
ңλ໥һۣȻһЦ
˵죬ҿʼ飬ȥ׮Ե
ң˵ң죬ҿʼ飬ȥ׮Ե
ããǺܺãȫŵɣ˵ǾͲˡϽն˵Ҳ
ҲңҲ
ⳡͷľۻᣬɢ
ңȥ֮󣬹ȻǸԵ硣ͬʱɳĸŴԴ̹ǱȻȥ
ܹλĸģ϶ǸĴڡ
ңҲܽû¶š
ȥ֮󲻾ãʿɵľţֱӴӺɴϽʹг̹磬ƺƵɱȥ
һΣɳȥʿа
澳飬ѾˣֻһˡЩ棬ȴȫͳһĽ
ʣµЩȫ̫Ͼˣ
Щ̫ϾˣҲȫ̫ϵеĶڣ
ͬʱһսһЩϢʼںɴϽʹд
е࣬һӾˣ
ԭǵѾ˼¡񣬸⵽ԵĴ
統еЩʼȻؽ͡һͷԴ
磬˲ͱˡ
ΪЩԴΪ֣
߽ǣҲܼȥˡ
磬ʼɱߡǲԵĶ󣬾Щࡣ


1844 
ƣһںɴϽеӡС̹ŵĸֹ³һΪ죬ҲѾ˴澳硣ȴᣡ
˵ţһ˵Ļô񣬿ѾΪһˡ
ϧࡣ
ȴûΪԼе˵Ĳ෴ŬԼòͬĴ£ǳϵ壬ȫ൱ǿҵġ
ţ̹Ŵһģ
£
Ȼе壬׷Ϊˡ
ԸҪʵ֣ܻǳѡеˣǺֹ۵ġ
ƵľܸԸܺãΪѪԣѣֻࡣкܶˣ
µУһŮӣ
Ů嵱еĹҡΪϧѡ
ôѣ֮䣬ҲվǴǧ˿ƵĹϵġ
ԣ淢飬ڵһʱ䣬ʹ˷
Ƕûа취ţϢģ
ϽߣϾҪչģɱ¾ˡ˵ķƵĵ֮һǸŮӣԸ񣬷ǳᣬ֣޷ơŷƣ˵ģȸ࣬Ҫɱʺ϶صĵطʵֻһ
ü˼֪޷˵һطģǷ޾ǸطҽԵġ
ʱ޷վƲΣ
ǸطΣգ˵Ǵ־ʿ뵽˵ܹ֤ԵİȫԣЩԥ֪ǷӦýȺ˴ǸطС
޷һĿŷƣ˵Ҫףʽ£Ⱥɱߣ϶Źǳһʼʱֿܹһӣܲס˻ԽԽࡣʱ򡭡һ졭
޷ûм˵޷˵ķǳе
ҲһѶϵˣֱһӣվУ¶ᶨ֮ɫ˵ȻˣǾǨƵǸطȥȻţǵδһã
޷ƵͷΣƺĴԶ˳ȻĻǲὫŭйЩ˵ϡ
ƿ޷ƣЩĵƶֻǿ㣬ί㡭
Ǹ޷ƸκΣȥյĻ
޷ҡͷЦĵǷĻѾʬ޴ˡ˵Ұκ飬Ҷһͬȥԡ
ץ޷Ƶ֣Ὣӵ뻳С
󣬷ƴǳˣ֮󣬽һҾ޴սǽߡΪǳĩաҪ١
Ⱥ࣬һССϵУϵһֻʮǳһž޴ĺǡ
ãã˵ʵһܲ۵ĵطô۵ĵطҲ˫˫ۡ
ƺ޷ǵĶν졣ǵķӦѾ൱ʱˡ
ٶȣȻЩƫˡΪе࣬Ըⱳ磬ŷƽ뵽һȫİĵط˵ǸطΣա
ԣ·ӣ˺ܶͣȻкܶ˲Ը뿪ǲԼ֮֡汲֮࣬ҲûʲôΣôΪʲôʱ򣬾ͻΣˣⲻˡ
գ֮һ࣬ѡǳϣͬ뿪
ҲΣֻܴ̾ϢʣµˣսߡǴصΣսǰС
ȻǵķӦô죬ǰƬ·ϣȻǿ衣
һȺ̫Ͼʿɵɱ飬ˣ
Ҫǰڵǳ˫ڰ·
սеЩ࣬Ҳ˶ĸԸ뿪ġƵΣҲΪʲôһҪߡ
ⳡս˼졣
ߣҲ˼ǿʿȴԷٶ˵ɱֱӸȫˣ
ʵѾһ˲սˡ
ƲûκοģҲѾƵΣˡ
´ˣǰƬδ֪ȥ
һ·ϣһȺߡ
ҵǣЩߵУûд־ˡ
ƾǿսȺߣһһɱ
գɹĴˣ뵽Ƭδ֪Σ
뵽ƬΣ֮󣬷иףΣʵŸոտʼδ̫ΣҪȥԡ
ҲãᶨĸߵȺҲáû˷ˣȫţգһվȽŸӵԼһƬء
ͺɴϽУ񷽺ˣкܶࡣǶڵõϢ֮ĵһʱŴ̤֮࣬·
кܶ඼ڰ·֮ˣҲи壬
Ǽǿģ
ֻҪһƬǾͿȥ
ǶĬĬĵȴţȴͷɢ¶һ̡
̹硣
īۿŷЩƴ֧ŵˡ󣬾ڽŵڶĵط
ڲ÷ʱ򣬺ܶ˶ЩɳīΪһٶûġѾмƣⷨСѵ̤ܵͬһ治ɣ
Դˣīû̫Ľ͡ʵУҲЩû׵ġȴһ㣺ʱ٣
ߣҲ
κ˶һٶûġ
ȺʿǣͬҲַжϡ
ôǵĻˣ
ԣīǼţ
ⷨȷǴ취һ᲻ϵУĥŷеκ顣ⷨ󣬾ǳīͬҲûа취ٿصġ
£īҲֻܵȴţⷨ󳹵׽
ʱš
̹е飬ڲϵԼʵ;硣
īҲڲϵܹԼûж١ΪҪ뵽߲εǸӵпԸĴıǮ
īһ첻뵽־磬һ첻߱ĴԿ
֮£Ѿ޵еˡ
ĴԳ֣Ϊˡ
ֻǵ־磬ÿǰһ൱ѵһ顣ҪͻƣһҪõ
īĿŷбסЩʿ
Щʿǣŷ󣬲ܿеˣᣬȫҪױˡ
Ψһ֧ûеµžǼĴˡ
Уŭ
ȴ޴й
ϪͻҲࡣ
ϪϣȻǸ겻ĵӡ˿̣ȴѾûκ˼ȥŪеĵˡ
ϵͷǿŷд
ʱһֱû˵Ļ죬ͻȻɫ΢΢һ䡣


1845 ɿ
Ȼ󣬺ʲôܿ죬ɫͳ׻ָƽ
УȴѾ̭ˡô벻ȻһϢϢطݽġֻǵġ
Ҳ˵ȴԽϢݸȥûа취Ϣݻȥ
ӵϢ֮е㲻֪ĸо
ΪǱߣȻһᣬһ룡
룡
ˣ
ͬʱݸһ˵Ϣ
˵ĴΪϣѾ׵ķֵˣ
ͺɴϽ̹ĵף
Ȼ󣬴ȴ컯ңѡ˳
ʱ򣬻͵ۿϪȻϪҲһ񿴹
ղȫתͷȥ
ʱϪĴֱӵ˻Ķ
ѣ£ô
΢΢üͷ˵Ȼô
ǣ״Ǹû취īйͨϪֱ˵ңҶԳī̹飬ѾǺ֮ǡԼ
΢΢һ
ʱǱȻĿͶˡЩɻʵ˵ʲô
Ǻǡûʲôɫʮƽûзκһ
ʱϪȴͻȻ䱩
һ˲䣬˲ˡֱŻ췢˾ɱ
ľٶ̫ͻȻҲ̫ˡ
ͷӦֱӾͱϪһ򵽻ɢ
ŲҪߣȵҪʲô
˵ϪѸ࣬һĻᱻڹΪǸɵһˣǴȴʹ컯ңѾĴͬˣ
ʱκȻ΢΢һ٣漴˵ҴҲϢң֪࣡
ǱߵϪǻӶеѣϳŻ췢ɱ
Զ飬ĴôҲͬսѣɱȴǺԥһ㶼ֵġ
ЩʿͲʲôдȴʿԼȫˣҪæ
ʿǣֱӽǸΧסˣ
ָоֻҪ춯ͻὫǳʬһ
£Ǳ͵ϮˣȻֱϪΧܿгһȺʿһͬ֡
ûãͳܲסֹˡֱӾͱˣķѣǿľ塭Ҳ޾ľɢƬ֮䡣
ЩȴʿǣһȫɵˡЩľŸΧסĿǡ
ڣߵˣѾ׷ʲô
ȴʹ컯ңλѡ˳
ɴ컯ңϪȴܾԼѡ̹磡
Ϫļ򣺡ֵܣģʱֱǴˣαػص컯ң죬˻ȥ
ϪĿ˸˵£˵ɡ£ǱߣдȴǱߣȻ̹˴ԴҪǡ˷ŭϧûа취ȥȻػɱҲԵõķḻԴ
ҲһźĵͷǰϣǵԮܹǰɡ
ϪȺ컯ңʿǣ˿ȴ˼졣Ҳ׷ʲô
Ǳߣ̹ȥˡϪȴһСѡ˿ǵУͬкܶʿҲѾȥˡ
µȴǣǵҲӵĻôЩʿǣ;ǶŴȴǱߵˣ
ǵֱӾͱϪɱˣֶֺΣľȺȴʿ˿ȫĴԭأһҲҶ
ʱϪԼµȺʿǵ˼Ϫ浱Ȼĺܡ˵ǲҪίҲҪҵľܻơʵǣ־Ļƣûµƣ
Ϫûѡ˴֮ΪҪЩвĵʿǡ˵൱о仰У⣬ܣ仰ʲô˼Ƕ֪ҲҪѣҲûѡɴ֪߷ʲôֻ֪شǾΪⳡսӦüȥˣ
Ϫ˵ţĿ⣬Ͷ˴ȴǱߣǣĵǣԼú롣ʱĴˣǲŽǽٵģ˱𣬳еڶ·𣿡
ǱһȺʿȫͷ­
ⷨУǼЩƴҲȷͼֲȥˡ
Ϫ˵˵Ŀĺܼ򵥣ҲֱӣͺһֱӣҪɱǣҪǳ׸ˣʱ򣬾˵ˣҪˣţ
һšüеʿȫ̲סҪͷ
ϪУ޾ĳʹǣϵķ磬Ⲣ⡣ǶǸ߲飬ʲôǳо̵սʿǵĿģʵֻһǾǣˣ̹飬ȫɱȫɱǲҪ飡
𣡺𣡺
ѱ˶ʿȴ鲻ԽķһŭڵѪϪ׵ȼˣ
ϪǣȻ󣬴˵˵ʱˣҾͱٷʲô졢ң졢Ͻ졭ǶһˣǶˣΪʲôҪֱ˴ˣʲôսսѡ˿Դһܣսϣȴ԰Ѻ󱳽ԷֵܣǿԽ˳иԷģҲ˵սҵĵǵĵҵӣǵĴɩҵŮǵŮǡ𣿡
ף
Уʣһǧҵʿһ˲䣬һޱȾ˵ƣ
Ҳֱһ̣ǲĳΪһ塣
˵еأҲֵõġ
Ϫ˵ֵǣǶҵֵܣҵĽãˣϪĳŵ
еˣȫϪУһΪжĹâ
վһԣͬѪڵͬʱȴһɵʧСһս֮ʤϪȺĿеĵλܼ
һ뵽Ϫⳡս֮󣬿мѻأƽ˺ܶࡣ
ͬʱҲи̾һףĺܹð
ʱϪ˵ϪʲôΪл̿֡ɷνΪ죬ŵϪδͬһ޼ҿɹ飡ңֵܽǣҿԱ֤һԴǵģȻҵģΣϪϡ


1846 ͷһ
һ仰׵ȼʿȺ壬ЩϽʿǣһ̲סĵԼҲԸǸöã
ϽȺʿǵ䲻δҲкܴܣѾǡ֮ززˣ
һ뵽ܣϽһʿоǿҵơ
ڣһϽʿԸϪָӣ
ԸϪָӣ
Ͻʿı̬ңȺʿ
һʱ죡
ʣȺʿ뺰ֺ治ˡ϶ʮΡ
ʱʮִĵϪѵָˣҿɴϪ֧ŵָӺˡһָӣ
Ϫ΢΢һЦͷãպ󣬿ܻҪ̵ѣ
һظ˵
ˣ֧˵˾һ
īϷĬĬĿţһо۵ףУҲ¶һĨ֮ɫ
֪ȺˣھôĴ֮ѧˣҲøӳˡڣѾԱ֮Ϊǡˣ
īһ֪££ѾǲܴЧˡ
ΪһȺʿŽšһ֮ǰûͷӬһײô󣬿϶ᱻǲ⡣
Ҫβܽסأī΢΢üȻվ˼һᣬ漴ϣ¶һĨЦ⡣
ЦУ޾ı֮ɫ
ʱţȺڵڶеǣӭǵ⡣
ڶڱˡ
һΣûһ塣ֻǾĵȴĳױȻˣֳɶУվ
񣬻ʣٶʮһǧһʿ
ǲٷֱ˴ˣֱӴԭͣγһ¾
¾ϵľȴҪʤ֮ǰ֧˴ʿɵľţ
ǵϣȫȼŷս⣬ڶȫ֮ǵΣ¶
û˻ûŭеġֻ޾ĳĬ
һĻɽһ
ֳĬµġ
ϪˣվڶǰС̹Ǹ
ǵǰͬվһӰ
òӢ覣ͷ׷ڼϡ
ī棬īĿ⣬ޱȵɭ˺⣡
ţþòīһɣЦеĿ档
󣬻վŴʿǧˣ
ǧʿУкܶ࣬˾ŵˡ
ңЩʿϤǡΪһʼڽ֮⣬ȺɱǵӪУɱ޴档
Ҫս𣿡ܶ˵Уһͷ
ͬʱϵѪҲŷ
ܾĥܾ裬񡭡Ҫһսˣ
ǵȴ̸֪ȴ˶áţ浶ǹĸȺʿһˡ
֮ǰоֱ̫ˡ
ԷһƬ½ǶûѾ˼ҿɱһϵսѡ
һ뵽еʿеǹŭ𣬾ͱøǿ
ȻڵȴһΣûǽû˻֡
ϪĿųīĿǳ䣬ӡ
ҧ˵ôǿľӣһսô㡭ڼô
ˡҽȻһ󡣡īϣɵЦݣȴһ˵Ǹҹ𣿡
ǣ̲סЦīΪ½ǲΪ䡭֮⣬鶼ɵӣһôȥ
ģŵĻǵķʦһۣī˵
滹˵ʲôϪһֹס˵ϵͿ
˵ţϪֱɳʮʦǰī鿴
ִ취ĵȼǳߣ벼һҪĵԴˡûôױ̤֡뵽УȻи̽Ҳֻǿҳһ˿˿
ԣʮʦȫһأ߷
ζû뵽ǣǸոս뵽īĹΧ
īͳˣ
˳ī־磬ҪһȺ澳ʿֱ֣̫ˣ
־ѹ
飡
һ˷ʦ飬ǿľ壬Ҳһ˲䣬ľ
飡
˷ʦ壬Ҳ˲飡
̫ͻȻˣҲ̫ˣ
һ㷴ӦûУ
īֵٶҲ̫죡
ӵ˫ң磬ӵ̹ļӳ֡ÿȫйʱöܻᱬ
Ĵϵʲôĳī֪˵ǶɵġīöȴǸûһϵ
ǾǳīУһֵ뷨֮
Ҳ˵һ
ɲͨα
ʮ˵ķʦֱӱī̼䣬ȫˣ
ǱߵϪеʿȫ׵ɵˡĿɿڴĿųī
ţϪһ춯صī޳֮ͽնʹ
ôǲɵīֱӴϪĻʹ
Ϫ˲䷴ӦЩˡ治˵ʹϸ˵Ӧǳ򡭡Ϊȥ̽Էʵġ
ս
ֱƸУʵ̫ǿˣող㡭
īһεĴĻһ׳յĿϪҽǹ͹ҽǶȥҲȥ㵽׳ûӣΪεĿǻѧĹһ㣬ȴû뵽Ȼôûӣ
ۣ
Ϫֱ̲סһѪıˣ
īǱȻڳһ֧һʵϣҲֻӻˣֻδ񡭡˵˵ǣϣҶЦǣġһȻģЦˡҲһ֧ӣ֮ǰʵں֮ڶ㲻ϣڣţǿں֮ˡ
ոջƳȺʿīһĳȫҪը˷ΡֱǱ˵ͷһǵӶˣһΣ¾ҪָӺҪ̲סȥƴˣ
ϪһһͬҪ˵棬Ȼ˵ףΪʲô˶ôࡣ
ǰǻἵʱԼĴڡīӹһνĵûʲô඼Ѿϰء
ϪЦ˵ʲôɣҪƭǣȴԶˣǻƿֱӴһ򣬳̹磬һ飬ȫɱ


1847 ɱ
ǰһȺ˻˾˵˺ˣôûʵʲôīһνĵҾǶҹɱ̸ʲôҪ̹磿Ϊ̹սʿôˣ
ѣܲˣҪȥɱҧгݣѾ޷ѹŭˡ
ʵϣϪҲҪѹƲסˣǸīվķλܿ⣡
֮ǰǶΪīô񣬽̹ԴľҲҪһѴ취󡣵ڶ취ĳ֣Ƕˣīһӣһ˵ļһ
ּһûʲôԡ˵е˵ľء
ԣޱȵķŭϪȻϵ
ץǿ壬ץ֧ѣü˸Źâѣмƣ̣
̲ˣһΣԼϣ˵ţֱӴȥ
˵Ѿ̬ԸϪָӡ˿̣ȺˣҲվݺݽѵ޳֮ͽ
ոջɱЩ˵ķʦֱҪˣ
˵սˣȴһ嶼ģȫƵġ
һΣȺųīˣôӽԺ󣬾̹ܽƣҲվǰ
һϣƣɣ
ԣֱվҪΪеʿǣһ
ԳīûоԱʤģͬΪκΣգ
ңīڸսʱǿܴڵĵôȻΣУɳīҲܣУҲǿΪЩʿһ顣
ϪȻЩ㣬ԣҲδֻ˵ѣСģ
ϪһοȻֱӴ󲽳ųīȥ
ֻѾ嵽˳īǰ̧־һ
Ķǿ֮ײʹչ
ԳīûκϵѹΪ֮ǰһսУīһֱǱģһ½ˣжĵУ
ҲŴ취ռ˱ˡĵԼǾأҪôб£ʱ򣬾ӦֱԼŶԣ
޵еͶţڳԳīһ̣ȫûκ
ֱ
īͻȻǰѵ
ǰѪɫĵ
ǰɢԶϢɢ޾ɱĵ
Ȼ󣬳īһ˹
ûбֻһϸϸѪɫâһݹ᳤յѪһն档
Ȼһ£һ֡걾Դս
һĵĿ־塣
Լ˵Լһ㶼³īΪʲôʱҪ־أ
ľһ㱡
Ϊʲôȫ˵ǰһ
һصoоѵȻһնУֿ˼е
⣡
ԶϪһ춯صŭ
¡¡Ĵ֮ȻݵĶС
Ȼ侪ѣڹؼʱ̣壬ͻȻһŤȻ󣬴ʵ塭Σľ壬Ҫѳȥ
īһȴ̺޾ɱֵ뷨̹ļӳ֮£ֱԴﵽѹĵز
治Ǵ⣬е̫˽УܹӳҲףΪʲôĴȺˣΪʲôƽ򲻵ѣ뿪ڵĴ硣
ΪֻԼƿصĴ統Уǲӽ޵еĴڣ
ϣ
߱
һֱӽİӸն¡
Ȼޱߵɱ⣬ƻ˿ڡ
һӣܵ˽ش
淢һ˵ĺУĵ뷨Ҳޱȸ˲䣬ľ壬ֱӻ򣬳ڳī˷Ҫ˳ī
īϣֱųһâޱȵĴۡͬһֻͻգ
ֲֿķо壬ûа취ӽ
߱죬ȴʱ򣬷ոɢЩ塣
һն伸ʮ
Ĳҽ
ǱߵϪ˶ôסˣζ벻һ½Ȼӵ˿ֲս
⻹
̹֮࣬⣬ʲôʱǿģ
ʲôˣǳĴ֮⣬ϣΪǿΪֲһˣ
ʼ漶ڡ
Ϫ棬ҲͰ
īƾʲô
滹ڲҽţͬʱľ壬ȴƬշѰŸҪҳ浽ûз
īͲǸᣬ߱Ǳ޾ĵ棬ֱķһոľ塣
Ȼһʱĺѽ泹նɱڵ״̬䣬ʱ⡣
Ϫ˶Щŵˡ
ʱǱߵŭæ
Ϫ侲ʵûз󣿡
£ܶʿЩˡЩԹϪıӰǲе̫ˣ
иƨСӸƣ
ϪûܴĻ⣬ټҲվڳīǸӪУһֱ֣ˣȥ
Ȩϻɱī
ϪǱ˲䴫Ƭ񷡣
ʣһǧ˴ʿŭţֱɱī
һΣϪһۣûڵһʱȥվԭû
һǧ澳ʿȫѾ嵽īǱߣԳī𹥻ʱƬؼ䡭Ȼûκ쳣
ʱϪĿī澳ʿΧ֮£̲סһѪ
ˣ
ˣ¾˷ŭ
޵У
Ҳˣ
ɱѽ
ʿŭȻ󣬸ĹųīȥҪīûˣ
ֲֿĹ֮£񷣬Ȼûκα仯
ϪУڷ
ʱǱӹһٵѾΡȻվϪŭ𣺡㻹ڵʲô
Ϫһȵīڵˣ
һ̤
Ȼ󣬾ͿīΣ޾Ĺѳϣ˺ۣѪЩط¶˹ͷ˫۾Ȼƽдż˿ĳŪ
Ϫһ˹
Ȼ󣬹Ц㻹ͦϧϧ
ī˵ſϧȻ˷ȻһɺޱߵӴϢƬ񷣬ֱǱӡӳһ
ױȵӴһεÿһѹ
󡭡ˣ
ȻˣͬҲ˳ī
취󣬴ǲκ˵ġֻҪڷе飬һ١
Ϫ˶׾ˣǱߵĳīȫûа취ʵ
ΪʲôɰԼȥҲҪǿӽ
ġôô


1848 Ѫս
ţϪͻȻ淢һŭ𣺡ɵĺ£
˶Ҫˡζû뵽ᷢչ̶ֳȣȫ޷󣬳īȻɰԼҽҲҪǽ
󰡣
֮ǰ˵ģԽ̹ľųԴľ
ûԴյõϿɣʲôã
ƾЩʵѵĴȥԴɣĴеǿȥƽ͵ĺܣƽﶼǷƵ˸ȥǵԴ϶˲ͷġ
ԣûа취ȥȣī浽ôġɽԴȫľɽԼϡҲҪȺ˴ʿɱ⣿
ɱù
ھڲϵĴڿѪЩʿһǴ氡
ңûж½Ĵʿȫּʿ
ˣһǿߡ
Ȼڳɾʱ򣬿ȥЩľнֹǵʵÿһͨ찡
īȷڴڿѪϣȴʼգֵЦݣǸںԼϵһ
ϪսЩսʿս
ϣܿ˺ۣܶط¶Ө׵İ׹ǣ
Щ׹ǣɢӫ⣡
ı壡
ʣ
ǷĹǣǿ
ƾʲô
Ϊһʼ漶ֻأʼ̫̫֮ۡɫɫ飬Ҳĺݽɫīģǵһμ
յ̹ţȻ˫˵ݡȴȻ׷ŲСĲࡣ
ѵ̹ԼҲҪѰҵһܻȥţĴ죬޾ΣţȻ󷢳һ˵
˲䣬ֻصлȫ
Щһƶ
һƬֱ̮ɻ磡
ڴ˿̣ʲô˲ˣУ־޴ϵѹѾޱȴľ塣Ҳ˲ˣ
ȥɣš
ʱ򣬳īе߱죬ֱӱһۻĺ֮
̫ˣ
ֱγһ籩ЩڵС
īʱһѪ
취ѹͬڷĥĵ뷨
ⷨԲµģڷУҲͬҪ⵽
¡¡
ƬУһҵı졣ϪҲˡ
˴˿̣Ҳһ˼ǾǣΣҲܼóīȥˡȻĻȺˣһɣĴ磬¶Ҫ˴ƣ
ˣ̹ŻҪֲ
̹Ȼ񣬰˫Ѱ̹ŵĹȴһޱȡˡȥκ޳ܵһڿ˼ȥǣԱ˹ݣԼݣ
ˣֱͲӦôϣ
īϣ˿ڲࡣ
Щ뵽еʿҲױˣҲ׷ˣ
Ǵ˿̣Ҳܲˣ·ĥôǿҲȥᡣ˲ϵıⷨеĥ𣬵Ӷ
лܷ𹥻ʿȫųīĹţ
һս
īǸƭӣ
ԭվȺˣȫķڷһ˲䣬Щ˾ȫʧӰˣ
ɱ
ɱ˳ī
ҲҪɱ
ͬھ
ʿڷŭţš
ɱϣⳡսѾ뵽յĽ׶Ρ
˵ͷβֻгīһڸ
ЩĻ飬ĺúõģ
һ뵽ʿҪѪĸо
̯һˣûκΰ취Ҽֱĸо
£ָоһҸɣ
һ˲䣬ͷ
ī֮߱£ÿһ䣬һʿ䡣ͬʱҲкܶ˵ʿīֱץӽռ䵱Сȥȥˡ
ҪһЩڵġȻĻ̹ԴĳӣҪηչ
īɴûԼ
Ȼֲ£жսȴûܵӰ졣ַѹڲϵѹԼԼǱܣ׼
īҪһ٣
ѾַȴûáôҲֻԼ֮ضİ취ˡ
īܵ
ܵ
ĺϸ
Ȼôͼӵžųϵİա
ԽԽʿеĥǵѸٵʧš
ⳡսʼûãʿߣѾ˹롣
ʣǧʿȻӵīŹǾҲûжԶˡ
ΪιīһԶһ˺ۣѪ°׹ɭɭȻһսš
ǿˣ޷ţһ֧꣬׷ӡ
Ϊʲôˣôͣ
ˣѾ嵽˳īǰһֻ֣ݺݵĴ̽˳ī֮УҪī࣬ͳ
ȴͻȻ䣬оԼʧȥеһ̣Ȼ俴Լ塣
ҵͷҵ壬ʲôʱֿˣ
ֵţȻҪӡ־磬ȫ˼͵СҲ˵κεطԱͷ­á
ֵǣȴһò
뵽ǵУ
Ƿڷİīĥ
Ҳʰ
һֱӻԹϣ˷һŭ
Ȼ䣬档
ȥϪĸо̲סһ춯صĺУī˶ҲҪɱ㣡
꣡
īһͽϪһֱ۸
ģϪұۡ
ֻ֣Ȼץ֧ѡ
ϣ
īһȥǸն롣
飡
һױȵĹīĺ󱳡ֱӽīɳȥ
īһѪͷһ۹ˣҲһΪѾⷨĥˣ
ͬȥģľ塣
īʱͻȻжһѾ޴ս
̹ŸϪ̲סһȻľ
ѸӡĴе飬ûвʶģ
Ϊ⸫ӵͷʵ̫ˣ
ûˣ
ԣīó̹Ÿһ˲䣬ģԶֹϪһˡ
ôϲˣīϪһЦ¶ڽ׵ݡ
ֱӽ̹Ÿ˳ȥ̹Ÿ޾תţݺݳϪ˹ȥ
꣡
Ϫӣ̹ŸֱӶء
ͬʱϪȴһŭ𣺡Ѫսף
һľȫֱӺڳīϡ
īİӡֱӾͱˡ
һʼ漶ˣþȫһ
̹ŸҲֱ׷޾֮ۡ


1849 ս
˲ĹעЩʿȫܵģ̹Ÿ˹ȥֻʣһϪһɱī
һ仰
Ӵ˺Ϫ
ʧȥƿصֻ֮󣬻õĻֻسһࡣججĳɳȻΪ˵ֿ˶Ŭһ㣬ֻسһޣҲǺпܵ顣
ǧպ졣
ֻص£κ飬ѡ
Ϫԣûоκʿ
˵ػ𣬾ڷĳǰѸӡҪ̹Ÿ
֮£޾飬˭Ҫ
˭õ
ˣ
Ѿܽˣ
ػоԼѾǾѸˣ
ʱһʿͻȻ䳬Խ̹Ÿ
ⷨеѹÿ֨֨죬ƺʱпɢܣȴȻ޷˵ģǰѸӡ
ҵģ
ػŭţ̧֣һֱͨǸ˴ȥ
һ
ͨʵʵǸ˵ϡֱӾͽ˵ˡ
˻ͷһۣз·ɻί
ΪʲôҲս𣿴ҲֵΪʲôҪңʲô
ػŭһһɢˡȻֱӳ̹Ÿץ˹ȥۿţҪס̹Ÿĸˣ
أ
̹ͣŸͻȻ֮䣬ػݺݵĿ˹
˳һ㣡
˲ֵı仯㽫ػһУæҪֵ
ϧǣУⷨжôǿԣķȥȫΡƽʵ֪˶򱶡
Ȼػģѿֲӣ壬ֱ룡
ѣ
̹Ÿֺػϰٸ
ֱӽػľ壬ġ
ػ˶ˣʵҪѳȥȴʵ̫ǿˣǿ޷ĵز
ػоԼԽԽ
ҲҪҲĴһϣɳ߾ĴڣҲҲػ𷢳Ľ˭Ⱦҡ
ʱ˭ܾ
ûˣ
ΪʱеˣѾѱ
Ǳīһˣ͵øûȥſ
ˣϪˡѾûκεĹǡ
Щһܹڣ
֮ǰոһŽһֱ̣ӱ֧ġ
еˣҲѾˣ֮ǰѪڵĸоҲѾˣӦŽδ
ǸΪս˶¸ң˶뽫īɱ
ʵػĴ֣Ҳͬ˵ġ
ȻҪõ̹Ÿɱ˳ī
ػˡ
޾Ŀ־塢Թźƿص̹Ÿˡ
̹Ÿо޴һ㣬ѹķУûκһӰ죬תţȺǿɱ
ʱ˷̹Ÿܡ
̹Ÿ桭鰡
꣡
˸ոպһ仰ֱӾͱ̹Ÿˡ
ţһӰ˲̹Ÿ̹ŸһĳȺʿǷ𹥻
ܷеѹͬѹȵѪȴȻˣ̹֮Ÿ˲䱩
ں飡
ĥ˳īܾúܾãóīͷӦļƲߣ
ⷨе̫ǿˡ
棬˿⡣
ⷨûκ;ͣİ취ΨеⷨԼľһԴҲֻеʱ飬ܴӷ߳
ֻǵʱ򣬷лжٸ
īڵ״̬ͺܲáֱӷ˴ļƷҩȴȻֹƵĶ񻯡
ȺǶʹ޳̶ȣֱԸӵġԣĥҲҪĹȫϡ
ۿţīҪ١
ΪⷨУͬҲܵһѹ
ЩˣûһһǴ澳鰡
ȺģĹɱһˣҪɱôˣȻǴҲȴ
ں鷢ߵŭ𣺡ϣס
ʵϣںԼЩֲסˡԽĶ֣嵽īǰ
ʵżģǷȺˡ
ħˣ˿̾վڸ֮ϣ淨еΡħְ˫ĺӣһ̣̲סĿᣬ촽
ԵĻֱӳⷨСȻսҲǿ
Щˣ˿ҲȫۺᣬǿųīһʼһֱһƴɱɱӶûˣȴȻûȴһ
ֻ棬Ⱥ˵ġ
ڳͳͮԽȻѾΪ漶ʱ˿̣Ҳ̲ס档
ڳЩˣȫҪУҪīһս
ţȫָ絶ʵĸо
Լˣһ˲Լȴһæﲻϣζܡ
ŴҧгݵĵһգҪɱĴ磬ҪЩĶһһȫ
С
īȻޱ侲еѾĵ˽ݽߵĳ̶ȡ
ִѹҪѹ⻹Ϊһ̹Ϊӳ֡ЩǾ֪ˣǵģޱȡ
վǰʿѾԽԽˡ
ԭҪץһʿҪȡԴ뷨¾Ҫˡ
īȻŬЩδʧȥսʿǣֱһӽռ䵱ȥ
ַӡֱЩʿĿɿڴ
ǲ֪īڸʲôҲԸȥ룬Ȼͬˮһ㣬ǰ̵ӿī
ʿߣ࣬Ҳֻʣǧˡ
ǧʿȫΪĴڡһӵȫڽʵ
ʵҲڿ֧ţҲʱĸо
ʱзе飬ȫѾ׵ɱۡ
˭û·ˡҪ˵ʱͶǴԷҲӦ
ɱ
ɱɱɱɱ
ɱ⣬ֱ󣬶øӿֲ
ɭȻϢ
ԹĴƮ
īȻݺأȻޱߡ
ںҧ֧ţѾҪˡʵԻص̹ŸУ̹Ÿַľ޴ѹԸҪīսҲֵõģ
ڣīŲһģۿžҪ
棬˶̲סһ󾪺
ͮ¡
ˣȫ촽ԼˮȴǶߵӣȫ̲ס
īΪǵסһ٣ֱҪˣ
¡¡
߰˸ʿŭȻһһɾīԼͬҲеֱĥˣ
ǰȴǿ˳īϷѹֱӸˣ
̫ˣ
Щʿǰһͷ


1850 
ˣǷŭţ̲סڹ󣬾֪ûκ塣޶ԡ
ʲô棬ʲô̫ϣʲô澳
һ̣κε飬޶ԡҪȥҪīһ
޷̣飬޷һĻǵƤӵ¡
ûԸ
īϣųһѪɫĹ⻪һѪѾˣ
֮ϵЩѪƴҪѾѪûá
ЩѪǷɿɢȥˡ
һս̫ˡ
ʣЩʿһ̣Ҳȫ׵ĸĥˡ
īϵһУͬĴռ䣬Ҳⷨѹ֮£ˣ
ӡľ裬һ𺳵ĿһĻ
ľȫȻӡˣȻǿӦ˵У״õһˡ
ȴû취κεֿ
ӿȻѹ
һ޴ḥ̂ĥ
ۿųīױ飬ۿеʿһǰľҲһ˲䣬һ¾ͱˡ
ֲҵĳ棬ֱζ벻ġ
ڴ磬ںɴϽ죬εֻأμӹսɴûмǰֳġ
Ķʲô˰
Ĵһʿ
ĴУĴʿʵ࣡
ǿһ̶ȵƿֻأǸͲ˥ߣԪĿήֻֿ֮سˣȫļ䣬Ҫ̫õ£ֿԱԭģ
ԣĴ쵱УĶʿʵûж١
Ĵ置˿ڻĳ̶ȣĴ澳飬Ȼûôࡣ
ˮֱӾĺˣΪʲôҪΪʲôҪһս
ĲǿڳīһϣѾֵ쾡¡ţī׵ˡҲԶı
̫ǿˣ
Ǿһܹ塣
ǿˣҲһ㡣
ǱߵĳīѾױˡϵһУȫѹޡ嫵ľ
Χ֮ڣһֲ¯
ȥԽ࣬Խ࣬ѹҲԽǿ
ںҲˡ壬ֱӱ顣ȻԪ񼴽׷˲䣬̹ŸУȻ䴫һɾ޴ںԪ˽ȥ
ܿ죬֮ڣʣ߱졢̹ŸӲдľ衭гīһͷ­ͬͷ­֮£ŵһö
û֪īͷ­Ϊʲôûбö
ϾⷨǴ취ô޲𹥻εײϣվǲܻȥġ
ΪУȫ
ī˫۽գȥһ
еѹȻϵšǾ޴ֳصḥ̂Ȼڲתš
ƣҪĥһУ
ʱ򣬾ųīһǴˣ
īûзӦ
ִȻǸЩһҪ˵һ䣬Բ𣡡
ˮ˳ž
ǿֲȥʱὫ顣ˣľҲͳױˡܻĻᡣ
˾ˣֵطˣֻȥˡ
ʲô֣ʲôһξѪȫᱻַͬһʱ䣬һͬ飡
Ǳʲôطûκε塣
ʱͻȻ䣬һ磬Ȼ
ǵ磬ȻⷨȻֱӵīǿͷ­
ⳡ÷еľ裬ͷЩˣȫסˡ
ĳīȺˣǵȻ֪ī٣ʵûж꣬Ӧֻɹһ롣һ룬ȴһֱûг֡
һȻɣǲûһˣ
Ҳûа취ȥ⣬Ϊʲôٻַɵģ
ڿһ٣ˣ
ͻأĳˣ
ֻٳʱ򣬻𣿳īֻʣһͷ­ˣܶȹ
꣡
ǵ磬ڳīͷ­֮ϡ
Ȼ󣬳īһ˫ۣȻ
ţ磬Ȼ˳īԴȻ󣬴Ӳγһ״ĶȥȻһ˵ȫ¾һ
ǡ֮⣬˶ˣǴδ˹١
Ϊǵ֮ףīͷ­γ徭ͼ֮󣬾Ͳٶˣ
·һ㡣
ʱһ׽١
һΣףһѪɫס
ͬ״īͷ­֮˲ǰǵ֮ϣγȫѪҺ
ϸȥȻܹڻ
ţеľ裬˿Ѿǹɿֲĥˣ˿ȴеʹ࣬ΪһĻ
Żе٣

пš
ֻЩźԼûܼ֤̣Ҫˡ
Ҫ̣ܿȻҲ޺ˡ
һ̣ˣ
û˿׵ģ󣬺Ȼ
ĥһĥеɱеһУ䣬ɢ
Ⱥ˳ī󣬶һĳ
кܶˣĵһ£Ҫ
ȴˮ˸֮ǰǿ˾ڵģڶųīǸں͵ǸǼ١ʱ򣬶ʺɱôȳīɽ֮óīԾ
Ǵ˿̣еˣڣȫһޱǿīһܹȹⳡ٣
Ϊ٣ȥѾȫˡֱΪī
Ȼٽʱ򣬸īγ
ĵٽٵʱΪī
ɢâԶȻͻջҪҫ
ûֱܹеĳ
˵ٽٵʱˣһɿֲѹȵòòȥ
ħһץס裬ǸطȻȫĿɿڴĿš
ߵף
һɫף
͸
ڲ֮µһۼɢȻʥϢû˻Ĵڡ
ŵߵٵĽ٣īȻ䱬һʥƥϢ
Ϣ̹磬Ϊ֮
飬ȫ鲻ԽģڵأĤݡ
īЩȫоһַĵĻϲһ̣ǵУȴһеĺֻʣ»ϲ
ҲǱģȻͻȻˮ૵Բ𡭡ҵĴ
û֪ʲô־ʲô
ʱ򣬴ҫ۵ȫ޷ֱӵĹâУֱ߳һӰ
Ӱһ£òӢͷɫĳɢ䡣
һֱ֣߱ӷɻصС
ţһ֣̹ŸҲصС
ںԪ񣬱˳һָںһ
迴һĻ૵񡭡
ϺվȺУзţӷ𣬳ˡ
ϵʿһϣеţ𣬳񣡡


1851 ̹
̹磬һ˲䣬һɻֺϢţǻֺϢ̹ʮۣ֮µ޽̹Ŵ硣ÿһľ޷塢ÿһĺÿһƬ嫹ƽԭÿһɣӵĹųǡ
̹飬һ̣ȫһĪİȫк̤ʵĸо·ʼŵһЩһɢڡ
ͬʱҲ޾飬һ˲俪ԭʲô֪Ҳʲôãʱ˿̣һǿϡǡЩ飬ȫ̲סأŲߵס
̹Ľڣ˲ʵʵ֮ǰεĽڣǻεġһƬɫĹâ
Ϊ飬һ·УԽ޾ǺӣͻῴһƬɫĴĹ
վڸ߸Զĵط磬ᱻ
һɫĴ磬һž޴Ľɫ飬ǶһƬյС
⣬һ磡
һĴ磡
ȻĴ˵СֻĴеһ󼸱
ȴĴ綼ȫ޷һġڳɳĴ磡
īΪһĴҲѾİ˹ȥˣĽˣ˲˼ı仯
һѪ⡢ǡȫɷ֯ɡȥ˸ı仯
˵һ̣īʵѾ˳ȥĳΪˡִڡ
򣬶Գī˵Ҳ൱İģҲǵһΣĴһС
һ߳ںһµ
ǵģں黹࣬һˣ
ںǴһ£漴ųīʩһ
īϣ¶һĨƽ͵Цݡ
ȻǱߵǣ΢΢һЦͦȥˣ
û֪ǿḶ́Գī˵һļ尾ڱУ硢Ѫ⡢ǡ壬һ񼣡ǳһ̡Գī˵Ṇ̀ȴΪֲֹһδ١
֮ǰ٣Դ磬ĹһֲϡϿɡһε٣ȴڶģһֿ飬һֻͦȥֿŻ
ͦȥʵٲ
ʲôֻأʲôޡܶ᲻ˡ⣬һϵĶԶġڸֻضԶģ
Ӯˣֱӳѡ
ˣ
̣īӲͦˣԣڿ΢ЦһСеĿѡ˺ʹĥһ˳ͿˡȫҪȺ֪Щ
ңīУҲף񡭡Ǽ亱еģ
ϸ˵ֻеĳŻִڡûǶǿ顣Ĵ֣ǿ󵽸˫ȴȻܳ
ĴǱߣӦҲԣҪѰҳȴ޷ǿ
ԣǲŲԸţ൱Уٴγֵڶ
񣬸֮ǰ̹̫һˡ̹Ŷ˵˵öԸö࣡
̹žһ˫졣ֻһǰͺͶʴȡ˵Ĺ棬ûκƵĶڡ
Ļ˵һľӡ
ī̫һˣͬ˫ͬޱߡĹ棬жʴȺͰͬжԵ˽޾ƺı
ô㲻һеǫǫӡ
ˣͬ˵ĴƣһΰˣߡɶԵ˵ԶûôˣֱһĶħһجΣаĴʡ
ֻҪһ죬Ĵ˵һ죡
Ϊ̹Ųᱨǳīᡣ
Ҳ˵īȻ񣬵ĹȻһˣ
̹ŲûгĹһֱֻ
̹Ǹ߸ϵģͬһĴڣīеģѪһ·ˣ
ʷϣǿ񣬴Ӹ˵ߵľȫͬ·
̹ŵ·ʧˣԣѡ˳īΪļ̳ˡȫͬһ·
Ҳ˵̹ʧ֮Լԣѡһ·ѡһԸˣδɵҵ
ī鵱УӱΪǸӦ֮ˡ
ʵһ˵Ľֻء
̹ŴӾϡ۽Ϻؽϡʵܼġ
ҲΪƷʣų˳īһӦߣе壬˲ȥ
񣬳īѾȫԼʹ
죬зģһѭ·壬Ĵһ尲ҵ硣£ҽͣЪ
һ죬ȷΪ̹Ԫꡣ
ͬһ죬̹
̹ѭϵһּʱ䷽ʽ
һΪʮʱһʮ졣
ⲿһ죬ͨ۽ϵͳֱӴݵ̹н䡣
ͬʱīͳһָı׼
⣬ңһб׼һĶȫרŵͳһ
īĺܴҪ̹Ŵ磬е磬һҪ׼Ķȫ׼Ȼͳһ
ߵĵȼϵ
һһЩˣ˿̶ֳȣôȥκεطеı׼Լ֪ı׼
£磬Ҫչѡ
̹磬ΨһǷȱĵطԴˡ
ⳡսףƺֻгīһˣںͳȺ΢˵ͿɱĴʵϣǸĴǲصġ̹δΪۣõһʤ
ӱϿһʷǰĴʤʵϣȴ̹δչ
ԣԴͳ̹統ΪȱĶܾδչĶ
ǵĴȥ죬Ǿȴǣīü䣬һĨɷҪʵǣֻǿǣͬԴǣɱ¾ǵĿģҪģԴԴԴܵĴָĸԴ
ħƮŮ۵ˣУȫһĨǿҵս⣬սĲġ
ǵ̫ϡ澳ľţԶգԱ֤ȫΪȻ󡭡иֿɡЩԴḻǳȫָԴõϵģòϵġȫīԸĴ̽ն飬ҪǷĳͻܻرܵľͻرܡȫܻرܣüǣȻ󡭡ȣ
˵Ҫܴأ
īЦǾʹ򰡣ܴ˵ʲôǿ޵Ϊֹ
Ҫľ仰ӴϲΪЩһ߸ϣᰮϧëء
īǳ˳飬źӵҲĻʱһ㽲̡
ΪīѣȻǺ˽īģﾫﾫģһӾ׳϶ûô졣´˸˵ʲôͦáҲǺ˺ðɣ
īЦһܣ
ôս飬ԣֱӰ֣۸˰


1852 
̹ʮ꣬ȴʹ컯ңʹߣǽǰźֱ̹ıԵǰɫĽڡʹߵϣȫĪ𺳡
ԶۼֱеһƬ澰˿һ۾ͻֺϲĸоֻе˽ǰףɫڵǿͿֲ
ʹߵľ磬˿֮ǰĴǶ˵Уһʼ漶Ĵڡ˵Уûʲôûʶġ
Ľɫڣǵǵһμ
ʹߣз죬Ҳǻʦ֣ɫĽڣ̲ס̾׵ĴĽ𣿡
ңʹߣ⣬΢΢ۣŷĽڣ˵ĽڣҶӦӲȥҶ˵Щ飬ҪӲȥ¾Щˡ
ǵģöķǿҪӲȥĻҲûôסʱ򣬶Էһ㲼õĻֻͻ־޴˵
ʹߣ֪澿ʲôҲǳսʲô̶ˡ֮ǰңԶɫıһ̣Ѿˡ
Ĵʮа˾ţѾ˲ˡӦѾʧˡ
ʱǺȻ俴˴ӽ߳
һʼǼˣţԽԽ˴߳
ʹ΢΢ü߳ȺˣȫɢŴϢһˣӵǿĳ
̹ǿһȺ֡
ǳҪʲô
Դ̸͵ġԸûгֵ˼
Щ߳ˣͻȻİˣҲȫЩס
ʱԽԽĴ澳߳
ǰǰ󣬼Ȼˣ
£ҲЩˣǿƥӵмߵΪҪȥԸĻҲǶ֡
ǱħĿʹߣֱӳŷ߹
Щ棬ȻʹߵĿⶼܱ䣬ƣȴûκ춯
нֹ
໥һۣӶԷпһĨ֮⡣
ܹһȺ澳ĸ֣нֹһϿǡѾԽʿ̫ࡣ
ʲôˣħֱӿʵ
ûʹнõģԡ
Ϊ֪ܶˣǲмԽнġΪֽͨʽʵ̫ͼˡԣ뿴ˣǲҲˡ
һǱֳκεĲƣôħֱӾͻ֣
һ¶Ͳ⡣
໥һۣȻ󣬷ħ¶һƵЦݣͬԻشλѣãԴȴʹߣԴ컯ңʹߣǴų׼ߵأĴī
죿ң죿ħЩ˵ˣû˵κζķϻֱӵͷãȥתλ⡣Եȡ
һ¡ʱȻסħ
ħվԭأ⣺ʲô飿
˵֪Ǵ컯ң졭ǴȴЩˡôˣ
ħЦЦˡ
˵һû뵽һֽ
·ϣֽ˵Щ˺ܲңȫڷˡ˵Щ˶ѾˡǲûĴȫûֳ뷨ҲѣûΪ
Ϊǿǲܷģ
̹һŵãһжٴ澳ʿ
ңһĴжǿġ
ôңҲһܻġ
ҹؼ֮ǰѾõڻˡǣѾ֪ͨǱߵȻϪͻûа취ͬݻϢɴȷǵõϢ
ȻõϢôܻΥأ
ʹߣȫе
ħ΢΢һЦȻ˵£ǶλһͰɡḶ́ͬ
ȫЩʧǵվǵУҲ˿ɬĸо
֮ǰӦǺɵһ񡣰ԴϣԼ˴ߡⲻǺܼô
ڣǲͻȻо̹硭ûԼôһε񣬿¡ҲôԲ
ţ˵ͷȻħһĵǾ鷳ˡ
ħͷֱתȥʣµЩʿ򰲾վûšֻǺܶ˿ʹߵĿ⣬ֻܵĸо·ԼǴ׵ĸһ
֪ȺʿҪȥʲôһᱻ°͵ġҲһʱȺϡ
һȺʿԼĴ绹ûг⣬ûеõĴϺϿ֮ǰȻ͸ҶĴֱ֡ǷӲŻľٶ
īõħĴѶܿʹʮ
壬ѾǨʮ졣Щ澳ʿʮ쵱УӦеĵλ֡
壬Ϊ߼壬ͳ硣
û˲ΪӦõġ
壬޾УѾʵж֤ļֵ
ǵõغϿɣΪī߶ѡ
ģҲΪԼˡ
īܿ죬˽ԴͻƵ־֮󣬳ī̹ڵжѾڹȥκεطһͷ˲ͿԵ
ʹߣīֱӾǵ⡣ûʲôīֱһ֣Ȼһ棬С
ʱʿţħ˵Ĵ֮£ѾĬĬ뿪ˡ
ⶼʣҪȥʲô˴˿̵Ŀ⣬ѾǾϾˡ
ǻڳī÷ƿ֮£ŵĺܿ죬ԣҲܿͿȫҲ֪̹ʲô
˶ĬȻ
ķ죬񣬶żͰԹ
˭û뵽ϪȻΌ
ϪûпĻôֻҪγɶŵľ档κǡ
Ƕˣ軹ţʵ
īͷѾΪ̹һԱˡ
ȫͷߡ
ϰ
˭뵽Ĵ쵱УΪǿӲսɣɴϽ죬ǵȴͶ̹磬Ϊ̹һԱ
ԭԻϪȴֱѡ˿
⻹ǡ޻˵
ԣҲֻ˵Ǹīʼ磬̯˫֣˵űǸȴһǸⶼûС
ȫҵĳ鴤ǣǶе㻳ɣǰӢİ׷ӣ̹Ĵһܴڵ񣿶һͨͨС죿
ɡֱƵġ֣Ƕˣңǰզզء
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
漴˵棬һǿҵĺ⡣


1853 թ
̯һȫ죬Ժ磬ǶҪޱˡͬʱĴǱߡҲΣ˰
һ֣㽲Ͱ
һ˲䣬ȻͬʱһƵͷޱ߰ԺϽǱߣҪˡ
뵽⣬ͻȻʵոô˳ȥҪʲô֪𣿡
㰡ī˵ȥˡ
ȫһͷߣĿųī
ԣ
˭
һ֧澳ʿɵľţ֮£˭޶ԣ
ɱ뵽һ統Уɵֶױȵģ
뵽⣬ȫЩˡ
⿴ųīЦǸܲ˵һ¡ңǰǷּ⣬ǰǰϳġ
һԵͷǴųġ
īĵŶǸĵ
ġĵ
㶼ˣʼ漶ʿһΪ֮ϡڴ˿̣е㱻īŵˡ
˵ѵһһʼҪȺȥǵĴģ
룬ҲˣĴ磬Ǵ졣Ҫ򡭡϶Ҳȴ
飬˭˵׼
˵īľͳƵģ䲻⣬Ҫңأ
æ˵ǧҪʱ֪ͨȺ˰ǹ̸͵ģ
īˬĵͷãİɣֻҪǳ⵽ˣȻԸǿĵˡ
ó⵽ˣôҪթ
ʹߣܴŴԴǰΪ˽óīġɴ˿ȴִ׵ĸо
һεĲһֻɣǰһôһأأĳ̸ϵĽƽϣʨӴ󿪿ڵթ
˶ˣһö֮թǡ
ֳ棬بûз
ͻȻЩ̹а̹ŴţͳĻֻҪĴ¶һ⣬̹ŴҲͲκ˰ɣĴΪʲôҪ̹Źȥأ
󣬾ڽԭǰʹߣżĸȫԴ
ЩԴܿɹˡ
ֲī֮ǰΪ˲ĵһԴˡ
īе㲻̫⣬֪Է˼֮󣬳ī˼ŷ˵ǵĳ⡭ô˵أǿǿɡǼҲǾ׼͹Դ಻ʧһ룬ҪҲԴĻţʧԴȫò˵Ĵ졭Ҳͦʶ
ȫһųīĻȫһί˵ЩԴԭҪȡЩǵ˵İһ˶ûȥԴҲ㣬ô㻹һ
⻰Ҳֻ룬Դӿո澳ʿȥĴ죬Ѿˣķʼˡ
ʱ˵ʲôĴôȥ˵ʲôҪ͸ǺƽĻԼû˼ˡ
ûôСңĴ֮£Ǻǿ
Ժ󻹻ǿ
ʱ򣬳ī˵ɣȻȥɡһΣ͹Դǵսʧѣǵˣȴûôױƽ
走ʲô˰ˣѵɱĴ
ȫҪĳ嶯ˡ
ģʼ漶棬Ǵûо̡
ǵĿУΪĴڣǵһһһһУ˵ÿһ仰Ǿ˼ǵġÿһ£ӰԶġ
λīأô൱еֳץס˵ռϷ֮󣬾ҧס֡
ţЩΪѵĵҲǴž޴ĳġǵ˶ˡֲóǣҲԺܸǵƽҪ໥˺ߣܸܲһŵ
ǱߣҲһεĿųī
ԼʿܴһŵҲð
ٿԵԼûôܡ
Ͼܴܲȥˣܹġܲõīһŵȴǿȡġ
ܰīһȻľܾˡ
һ̣һֳ嶯ĺ룬룬ֱӳųī֡ˣ
ԵĻ϶ԥľͳˣ
ǣ𿴳īƺûκϢ¶ֻһ¾ף־磬ȫܴӳīϸܵκζ仰˵ǿīǳ
ǿģϣֻһˡ
Ҳζţսʤġ
˵̹磡
ļӳ֣ī׵ѹǡ
뵽⣬Щɬ˵ǣҪôܴӦأ
īһ۷죬ֿ⣬˵£Ҫǵĳˡ
ǵĳѾ˰һε˵
һĳ⣬ʵĴ̹˺ǵҪ󣬸Ͳһ¡ī˵ԣҪǵĳ⣬Ǿһΰɡ
Ҫ˵ʲôˣī˵Ҳ۸ˣҪҪۣʵҶǣǺ͵ġ
һ
˵õ㣬Żٵ£ǡǶѾǻ޾µĶðɣ
ī˵ʱ򣬾⣬ҸеοԣҵĴʱڵĴ繥ȥϾ֮ǰ¹ôĴЩ󣬵Ҫֲʱˡ
Ĭһ£īϵһĿǣǲҪǣ̹ŵĺˣҲ̹ŵĴߡĴ죬ôԴ̹ŵģˣʵҪһġ
ԭīһʹߣ̹֮ȫһݡ໥һۣƿԵĸо
ǰ
̹Ű
ǸĴ磬ԶƲ֣
ìܵԴڡ
ȻµʵϿʵԶĴ졣ⶫȽϵġȻĻĴԽ̹ƽˡȫ
˵̹壬Ҳֵǽа壬вǣ
սⶫᷳһ顣
಻һĹźսӡ
󣬷̾ϢһȻųī飬ܹˡɳʱԼĲ£Ҫǽ뵽ң쵱СǻȥΣһһ𸴡
ˡһ̹ꡣī˵ޡ
˵˵ͷȻ󣬷˵ˣһ£͵ǵһɡ
˵īŷ졣
˵ͺɴϽǱߣӦɳ˴սʿò˶ãͻϵʱϣܹСġ
īͷûһ֮ɫ֪ˡ
ͷȻµתȥκܿʧããС


1854 ɱ
ҪˣҪ䣡
֮ǰ˭û뵽̹壬Ȼᱬǿֱƿֲ
һֱ˵磬̫ˡ
Ѿ̫ƽȫûκδڣܹвǡ
ԣ˵涼Ϊгһգ˵쵽ֱɱ뵽ǵԴǿǸܷ顣
䣬ԴġȻǴûзиûзŽࡣ
ָоô˵أ
еЩèģֻһȺˣܡ̡ʲôͣԼͲһϵ顣ȻгһգЩèȫ췴ˣļУʼзᡣ
ʳǮܹһУ
飬µһӦҲֱӾͳˡԻǳ׾˵֡
Щǣžָо
Ǽֱ޷ԼϢ
˵кܶսˣѾɱСӣڷɱе𣿲˵һͷ­ԻȡԴ
ôͻȻģͱ췴ˣʼɱеĺܶطأ
Ϣǲĸ˹ų˵ģ
ţһ
ܶˣһʼ˵µʱ򣬸Ͳġ
ʵϣġ
ħȺˣѾ̫ꡣҲѾ̫ꡣ
ǸʱǾһֱڳīıӻ֮¡ȻͨʱȻʱȻ֮ʱһֱ̹ʱ
ǿ˵һֱīĺܺãһֱûо̫Ĳۡ
ȺͬŽѪҺ˵Ҫġ
ǲ뿴ųīһֱǰ棬ȥɱȴʲôˣǲīһֱΪǵ꣬ȴһæﲻϡ
ֻԵͬھǣ˶ͬǼõġǵһ磬޾µҲ̤ǸӪС
лᣬ棺壬еߣǿ׸Ŀ档ǲᷴңĿɿڴķ
ǵķͬǸоۣ
ħȺˣڹĽڣɱ֮Եģеһݡ
ݣһ޴ĸɵĴǡ
䡢
ƯУһǳô
Ⱥ˳ĵһʱ䣬Ǳ߾Ѿˡ
һְֱʹؾǣûн»㱨ȥͷ
ֻǾúܺЦ
Ȼ˸ҹطǶҪ
ȻԽԽļʮ澳ؾʶԾˡϧʱ봫ϢȥѾˣ
ΪȳˣѾȲĶǷҵĹ
ħΪףƮŮۡЩ˼ͬһʱĳȥ
Ŵֱһ˵Ĵʿ
澳ʿûи״ѾһӸҵϡã
氡
ͬǿߡ
Ȼûܿӵһӣ
ֲֿ˫ս˵ȺʿħЩˣһ
Ȼһֱ֪Ӻܴһսǿȴû뵽ӾȻô
ʣµЩʥʥèʥʥţħʥѩԴʥˣҲȫֱӱױȵĿֲս
ȻѾʲôʥˡǶĴǿߣ
ʥǵֵܣҲѾȫ̤澳硣
Ⱥͬ˫̥һֵܣɱ뵽ݵС
ʮʿ;һֵĹ
һսûʱѾˡںܶ˶ǱԹ
ǰôҲǵ¸صǰˣ´ܸܲһᰡǻûüأ
ħͳ죬ݵλı֡Ҳʺ󰡣׻˵úãǧ֮ã֮αسǰ棿
Ʈǰò˫ľŮʺĴɱɱ𣿲´ںսָָЩòã
Ʈ칬һȺǣˣǸôͰ˶ǴˣǾȻһҲûţ̫ˣ
ðɣľţһƬֵա
ЩȻڱԹЦݵǰ뿪ЦǲڱԹʲôһ֡
ͨһս޵еֱӾȺ徳ʿ˸һսƽͨʵȴǳؼǶȺʿģžԵã
֮ǰֻڿīɱķݺءȻЩ˵սҲкԼѷɫԷȴû֮䷢սԣʵսľ飬ǻǲ߱ġ
βһһΣȫ
ǰصı棬û̫ԴȺǵϣԴȴһ㶼٣
Ͼػ߽սʿǴǱߣҲܻǡ
ԣһսջķᡣ
ʵֵߵģǽɻЩԴͬɵıݣ
ݣһʵɲʲôƶɵġ
ıݣǴȫһҲ˼ֲֺʣ̹缫Ϊȱϡ춥ķһֲϡȴݳ޵ı˱ʹá
ħȻİˣȻˣǰ
ǿ
һ·˺ܾãһֱû˵ʿ
ĦȭƵЩʿǣЩź
ڿǰ޽ʱ˵ϣȫ¶Ŷ˷ܵı飡
ˣ
ʱħһˣȻ˵Ͼ͵ǵˣȻƥޱȾ޴һʱ֮䣬ǲܷӦҲһҪСĽ˾ţֳĹɣһ֧ӣȻ󣬳ǰһ֧ӣƮһ֧ӣͳͮһ֧ӡס˴ʿҪӲӲȹ涨õĳ·һһĽչȻǱһһͬΧɱǣ
ϡƮŮۺͳܼͮͬʱͷ
ħ֧ŵָӣҲ˶Ͽɵġ޵Ͻһ֧ĴԪ˧һġǾĿ飬ȻõϿɵ顣
ɲǳīһ仰ָɵ顣ҪͳôǿߣͱҪܹڵı²С
ȻĻƾһû˻ġ
£֧ţֱӷֳĹɣֱĸλϢ뵽İ統ȥ
֮ǰ˵Ĵߣ̫ƽ̫õ£ڸû˻ţУͻȻɱ
̫ˣı½ӵ޾ĽƬ֮ϣųɾŵ飬һ޷߱Ƭ½İ֮һĽ
ųƬĴ½ϵʱı߽Ȼûκһʿֿ
ΪִԵҲﶨӣطʲôģֱ˲һ㡣ԣܹ飬ͶЩˡ
ǵģࡣ


1855 ɽ
Ĵе࣬ҲһСĿ
Ǵĺңżһž޵콾Ҳ޷̫˻ҹ˷ͻ
ΪһͻֻһԼҪߵһ
ƽ͵壬Ĵȴһ㶼ġ飬ЩúƽǵȻɣеԸ¡
ħһȺʿɱı߽֮û̫ԶͿĿѵһĻ
ԭӦһС
һͨС
СϣЩûеķݣ̡
Ѫ죬⽫һͨġԴһһط
ˣӦùŰ͵ƶиָķգӦûǺֵܿġ
ڣħǿġֻһ߾ûͷ­ʬ塣
ЩʬΪߵģҲ硣
Ϊ͵ġ

־磬ħУֱһͨˣ׷ˣҲˡ
ЩˣȻͨ˶ûзŹˣǻиӲ̵ľٶ
Щʬ嵱УһЩԾǺСĺӣȥҲ꣬һЩŮӣ˰ǹ·ͷ­һЩŮӣء˸ȥˡ
Ѫеģˣ׳ˡСӦûһܹѵġ
һԿԵġѪȵġɱ
˿һĻȫĬš
ûи˵еգѹֵԴϢ
ȻѾǴ澳磬ǰһĻȻƽĸоŭ𣬼Ҫ籡ȫ޷ơ
ãħһ֣С򣬾ʧˡ
һ̣һأС
Ȼħ΢΢ͷ˵ԲȻǿܴ֪µĸԴȴΪǶڸſҪΪȡӦеȨû뵽ҵ³İɣǵĳ
ħ˵ţһ
ȻħǧĴʿҲȫһ
ǵУȫǰ˺ͷŭ
ĴĴ
ѾˣĴ쵱УûһǻĴܶ壡
һֱͱͶˡаġ
ԣһͨСϣЩͨ˵㱻ͬĵҲ̫ĸоü˵һ䣺е˰ɣô̰ԴͺҪ̫ʹȥߵʬ壬ⲻ̫á
ţҲͽ˶ˡ
ħǴǰ֪ڣҲ֪
˽ʲôӵں飬Ҳûиħ˵
ΪһΣ̹ӣԴģҪ쿪սġ
˵īȻ㹻ĵĴӲգʵϣҪ˵ʵ̹磬¸Ĵеκһ磬ž޴Ĳࡣ
ԣ濪սĻ̹壬Ͳκεʤԡ
ǣīҲãħҲã˭ǸĴ濪ս
ڣħҪըˣҲȥֱӿЩȥˡ
𣬻Ҫġ
ʱ䣬ᳬ졣ѰңħһԼӪЩóݵʿҳֱɱȥ
ȺʿУʲôǿ߶СóݵģҲһץһѡԣָܿһ
ħ˵ˣֱӾɱ˹ȥ
壬һ߽УͨͨСׯ
Сׯ˿ڣ㣬ٶˡ
˵ں޽УСׯ۵һСطˡ
Сׯ棬ȴǳһĴ֡
ǣܶĶʱѣ־Ϊĳɳʷֱһ־ʷ
ǴСಡĸΪ˰˴Ǯƣ޾Ѫǻڰ꣬һ󲡣Σһ֡
ʱĸĸ˫ףѾ޲ߣȻޱѹҲ˷׼
ʱ򣬳һϵʿϵʿżȻׯΣв̣͸һŵҩǴ
ϵʿǵĸĸӣұҪϵľ磬ܳ׸еëȻĻʮꡣ
Ҳ˵ѾǣҪʮ֮ڣһʲôСӣһ𾳽磡
𰡣
ׯǿߣû˵硣
ҪһСӣʮʱ־磬ֱ췽ҹ̷ʵ
ϵʿһҩһЩԴ͹ȻƮȻȥˡУ̫࣬Ҳһʥʿܲôࡣ
ǸʱׯûΪܹɹΪ츳׿ӡһ㣬ϵʿڵʱѾֱˡ
ԣû˿ǡһĺӣ͵䣬ܶʲôأ
û뵽ΪСಡǱһĺҪܶࡣϵʿĸ˵ЩûбȫˡϵʿߺǱ㶬ţ
ûϢʱ򣬾ĸĸЩʱ򶼿òģ̲סȰϢһ¡
ȴ˵ҲҪȥҪǿҪʦҳԺ󣬻Ҫʹأ
һССΪӵͷҲͷ֧һ·ȥ
Ǽ꣬ǵʵ൱꣡
⣬ϵʿµĴԴ²ɵġʱͻȻһʱ䣬Ҳʮ꣬Ѿ嵽˴ڡ
⣬ϵʿ˵ĶʮޣҲʣʱѡ
꣬ҪӴڣ޽ɣٵɡɡ𾳽磬һ츳׿ţҲδܹɡ
ڵʱڵǣѾׯǿˡǸʱѾʼȥԣʼׯڽ壬һһ
ңĴ֮£ׯĺӣʼѧϰ档
ΧׯĴˣĽ͵ѧϰ
ǵʱԼʮ嵽𾳽磬Ҳ̫ϣˡʼȫЩӣҪԼ֮ǰΪԼˣΪǣһʲô
£棬ܶʱԽҪʲôԽûʲô㿴ˣʱЩԼˡ
ʮʱȻѾ嵽˵磡
־磬壬ΧķΧ֮ڣѾĵһˣ
ҲﷶΧ֮ڣ嵱Ϊһˡ
ʱˣҲȥȫͬˣҪı߽ྻһɽӣ
ôģҲôġ
ʮ꣬ϵʿѪһˣȴȵķ֡ûбκϣǸಡСӣѾɳΪһ


1856 
ϵʿܵ޴ĴֱΪͽӴ˺ˣʼ̤ĸͻ֮·
ʮ֮ڣ𾳽ͻƵʥȻʮڣʥͻƵʥ
ϵʿҲӺڵı׾ˣֱţԼ⵱нԵȻһޱȽͽܡ
һǧ֮󣬵ĽеЩˣѾж붼ѾˡɽĹһĹ
ǣȴѾֱ̤̫Ͼ硣
ǧĴѾٲһǣѾͻƵ˴澳硣ΪһվڶĴڡ
߽ｮҲĳһƬɽӡ
ǵأ
û˸ơ
ǵĴ£ɽȻֻһ̫Ͼʿȴٶˣ澳ʿǧٶˡ澳֮µЩ磬͸Ӵˡ
ɽӣǳ١
ǵʱȻͣڴʥ۷ϵʿҲѡ񶨾Ϊе壬ȫĺϡ
ǴӲȥַҲȥЩ˵鷳ǾԼˡ
һУʱ䣬˾䡣
ǽɽĴʿʱͻȻ˵ϮȻͷ­ȥ
ֱ̫Ѱˣֱϵ磬Ҫ֪ʲôܿ죬Ϣⷴȴüͷ
ϢԴޣ֪巢ʲôֻ֪߲д·Ȼ֮ìܣһӱó׼ˣѾ˲ɵ͵ĵز
ǣд˶ǿߣɱСӣҪ壬нɱ
ҪЩࡣ
˵ֱһĻϢ
ɽӣȻĴڡ죬ҲκʿСһǿߡ
һ鵱еģ
ɽе飬ǡ
һЩɱöֻ࣬Ҫĸ澳ʿôɽӣͽֱӱ޳
ΪЩд壬ĽͶѾǧڣ
ԭģֻҪٸʱ䣬ȻԽɽʮĴ֣
ʱɽӵԱ
ʵ䣬ø̡ң
̫ڴģЩ߲ĹעǱ߽ıûԸطһֱܰȡ
ʱҴ
ʱ䣬Ѿʮˡ
ɱһ澳ʿ˫֮ìܣѾˡɱĴʿˡ
ûκΰ취ɱԷԷɱһֱ¾ɽӵǧ飡
ڸԷսĹУԼҲ˲ˡԼ֣ս࣬ȥֻҪһ澳ʿôҲסˡ
ҵ£ȥ룬֮ɽӣһĲҾ
ʱ䣬ѾԶˡ
Ϊһ죬𱨸棬˵дׯС¾һա
ȥԮЩʿҲûܻŻ
Ǻ񣬵գֻܻһ̾Ϣ
ʱʦҲǵϵʿǰǣһĵǣ߰ɡ
ߣôߣǿʦЦ֮ɽеˣҪô죿
㲻ߣҲòˡϵʿ˵ĺֱӣҲܸɴ࣬ǣ˵ˣΪɽӣһˣǲĳûϣˡ
һʲôʣһˣһŻʲô壿Ƿʡ
ϵʿ̾Ϣ£ҾúΣһֱĴеÿһ죬áЩУ࣬ǰۻĵ͵ȵа顣ʵֻҪԶԶģЩ˼棬ôһ˵Ҳж˻ᷢһȥ¾ࡣ
ǵͷ⵹ǡ
βһΡܸоĶˡʲô˷ŭЩ࣬ʵ˵ûʲôвϵʿ˵˵Ҳֻһֿܣ˷ŭ
ʲôܣǿϵʿ
ľȻѾվۣ֮ʵϣļʶȴûϵʿôࡣϵʿ˵߹쳬ٷ֮һĽ֪ǳ֮ࡣ
أĻΧ࣬ҲǽɽΧĿռˡ
ûȥԶĵط
ϵʿǣ˵̹𣿡
ǵͷȻĽһ񡣡
ţ˵̹꣬࣬뿪Ĵ졣Ҫ磬ҪΪཨһƬľϵʿ˵
ǵͷţҲ˵̹ŴһΰĴڣϧʧ𣿡
ϵʿͷʧˣʦ˵𣿡
룬˵ᵹ£
ϵʿͷһɣֶǸ̹йأпܣ˼һˣʼĴսˡңµûĻĴߡһ˴
ôܣһ𾪣ʦĴʵǿ󣬲˵ģ硭Щǣһ˵Ĵڰ
˵㲻Ҫˡϵʿǣ̹ţ񣡡
һ𺳣˵
ϵʿֽصԭ㣬ǣ΢Цŵӣʵʦ벻ôɾ͡ʦĽ㣬ҲɽӵĽȥɣʦˣɽӵˣġΪģѾˡ
ʦҲܡһ
ϵʿҡҡͷʦ˵ꡣ
ǿϵʿ
ϵʿ˵ˣȻƷɽӵǧ壬ʵϣ߲ߣǵĽһġ㲻ߣֻһˡ뿪ˣʵϣ֮ܰնɱˣû١ԣҸطȻ󡭡ȴʱ
ȴʱǿϵʿ
ϵʿЦЦȻ̹ŵϢţò˶꣬Ǳ߾пܣĹ֪̹֮ءģ
ǵ۾ɵϴеʵ
˵뿪ˣ֮ڽҪΪ壬ȥ飡ҲֻĴڣмֵġ½Ȼսˡģ϶ڸ壡ϵʿȻΪ̸жôǣȴ൱ḻġ
ǰеƶޱ˵Щ˽ҪȫԼͽܡǵΪǵһѡ
ʱҲɳĬ
Ѿʦ⣬Ҳ⣬Ĳ뿪
Ұ


1857 岻
ǸǣӦ뿪ӦԼȥ飬ɽӣͱסģ
ȴ뿪ˣôĽɽǧڵ壬ȫһ⣡Ƕ񣬶ĸףǶ㵱һȥǣѵܹĿ

Ҳԣ
ģԼڡȻ뿪Ļ̹Ŵ񣬱ӻƵ飬Щ飬ǵ񰡣
ԣ̧ͷϵʿʦ̹ŴĹӦҲȱһսʿ˵ȱңȴȥڴˣɳڴˣڴˡ˵гһգҪĻҲ롭ڴˡ
Ϊǵʦϵʿֱ̫˽һʲôˣԣ֮̾һˣˣննѽȻǾ°ɣʦͽһôԵ֣ҪһˡǱ˿ȥͷ­ŻǮûʲô˵ġһգˣôЩʲô

ʱٴδ֮ͨ
һȵĵ
һʥ۷ʿʩȻһʹĵϣǣ¾һȺǿĴ澳ʿǸӡˣϳеˣųɶӡǿͷ
ʲôڵһվȻһ̣ΣѾʧˡ
ûʲô˵ģҪսģ
Ǿʹڿʼɣ
Щһʿɱһ㹻ɱ׬һ
˲ʧΣǸʥʿվԭЩʱϵʿ˵ȥɣнɽӵսʿһսһϵǽɽӣܷȥս
ʥʿЩ漴УһĨĹâˡȻϵʿʩһ񣺡
ܿ죬սĺŽǣɽӵĴϿʼ졣
һƵĺŽǣ֮󣬿ԴݳķΧΪһ飬ȫüֺŽǡ
ɽӵʿŽ֮󣬼ȫʶһ£Ȼ󣬿ʼĬĬ׼¶ȥ
ΪֺŽǣڽɽӣδ
и֣Žǣ
֧Žǵʱ򣬾˵һ죬ɽҪˣҪĩˡȻ֧Žǣᱻ졣
ŽǱˣǾ˵ɽӣѾΣʱ
ʱҪôųһԼڼ棬źӿȻȴ˵ľ񡭡ӦǵȴĽ٣ѾŽǴʱˡٸһξĻˣ
ҪôӢһһʿһѾ˵ĵսȥһȻȫûһ㷴ؾͱɱҲһүǣ
ûи嶪
˭ֻ֪֮ս֧ŽǡҲֻ˵ĴŻ
ԣʱ֮أӵʿΪߵ͡ȻֻԪӤʵȻǸŽǵ֪ʲô֮ͬĬĬڣһǰС
ܳʱУǾߣ
ҲҪһȥ
ҪЩʿ֪࣬ǵ͵ȵ飡ǰģۻģֻùĶǣȴӲΪ˸ģ
¸ңֱͣǻۣѪ黳
壬Ͳѷɫκε壡
Ϊκε嵱УһкõģҲвõġ
ΪʲôУͳаĴˣ
ƾʲô
ɽӣֻɽǧǧϵһӰҲ飬طͬʱţ
һƶԿߵս
һȥ޻صս
ǣû
ûη壡
˵Ҳ棬ƽﵨСЩˣڴﱻ۸ŶҳСʿ˿̾ȻҲһõĲ񵶣סȥ
ܸˮǧɽȴߵ޷˵ģûһη壡
֮ǰ۸ʵ˵Щԡ죬ȫᣬڸ۸Щ˵ǸȻ໥ӵȻ󡭡һ̤ͬս
ħ֧ǧ˵ľţ̤ɽӵĴ֮󣬾Ϳ𺳵һĻ
ȻǼ̵ʱ䣬˽﷢ʲô
һ·׷ЩĴ¾ɱߣһ·ȴ˷߿һĻַ߿֮ǰһ·ϵмһǵĶҪըˣ
ȴҲѪڵһĻ
ֳ֮ǰڱĵطûмģ
岻ӿŴħһӪۿֳԺ˵Ҳһ൱Ĵ̲סп˵仰
ħȺʿ仰Ҳظһ䣺岻
仰˲䴫ħŵ֧š
ˣ̲סᣬŭһ岻
岻
岻
ǧ澳ĿֲǿߣŭһЧ
ͷĲ񷣬һӣͱȺ˸ˣ
ȻȻ̮
ʲôӣɽһΣۿˣ
ֳʵֲ̫ˣ
һ̣ȴû˺£
ǲ֪˭ں仰춼ˡǡɽｮ֮ϵǧ壬ȴȫᣬִ
岻
岻
岻
岻
ǵȻ졣ǵ־ȴƬ̮֮Ĳ񷣬ֱӺ˻ȥ
һ޵е־
⣬һֲ
䣬ûκ飬ֿܹ
Ҳֻ࡭壬ֿܵԲ
С
ǧ˿ڡ
˿̣ȫһǿţ鲻ԽġųĹ㳡ȥ
ǴľȻһЩĿ⣬ҲһЩ˱ԹͿ־塣
ࡣ
ΪǶޱѵ£Ҫȥ
̫пᣬҲ̡̫
ʱһ岻ȻͷĲ񷣡
ҲŻһӶӵɱߡ
ǵɫޱѿ
˲֪Ĵڣȴ
棡
һȺ棡
走ġɽƵطı֮أȻܳһȺ棿
Ǽ
Ѿ嵽ϿյǣҲһ˲ŭ
ˮһӾ͵ԴӸĸȥѾ̫ûˡ˿̣ȴȫ̲ס޷Ƶġ
Ȼ̧ͷ죬һϢͷŵ
ƬأȻԣһŭ𣺡塭
еЩԭľȻǣһ̣ǻػһǲ촽Ҳڣ߶µġһ塭
ɽӵĴϣصһ
岻
˿̣ڽɽӵĽ֮ڣֻн˵ɱ顣طҲСǶһ̣׵ıɫ
ǽУʮӡʿɵɱߡǵУ澳ʿа˾ʮ
ڴ˿̣Щˣȫͬһ
졢ƿաҪܣ


1858 
ܵɵӣ
ȻôһȺ澳ʿڲ֪Զŭ岻Ǻ̺ĵ뷨ҪҪǣ˭еı׳ͷŭ
Ժηǿ϶壡
ǳŭ岻һ˼ͷţ
һ̣¾ҪĻɱЩ˰ɣ
ʿһȫͷŵ£˺գҪճ˺Ȼȥߣ
ڵȫû˸ͷԴͷˡֻ޵ȣܵĸһ㡣
¡¡
ǺŭһֱӽһֻӴܵĴ澳ʿд䳾
澳ʿֱӵ䵽һƬУֱǧɸߵľˡ
澳ʿȻһֱӾ͸÷ǣ
̧֣һѹǱӦγɾ˺Хɽɾ޴ѵľˣֱӱǸȥ
ţǿʼ֣ĳ֣ޱĳ֣
ֶΣֱǾģ
Լеޱȵ𺳣ΪԴӳɵ𣬾ʹûǿ
ַ·ΰԼŵˡ
Щ澳ʿǰȻһ֮У
޷ֵĹ
кܶ澳ˣ嵽֮ϣ˺գۿǾҪӳȥˡ

һ̣
УȻһȺױȵƵĴǿߡ
Ϊһˣ³ֳһڹⳤһžͽһѾ˺գӶȥĴʿ˳
Ȼȥһ
꣡
澳ʿԴ
ֱһŽԴߵϡã
һµħŭ𣺡˿ԴߵĸоΣ
ৣ
һһ澳ʿԴ
ħǶԿԴܸȤһϵնЩʿͷ­
գ֮䣬ʿԴˡ
ǧ澳ʿҲѧרЩʿԴȥ
Ϊһʿ֮ƲƲ죬ֱӽԼеĴһѴ󿳵ҲȥЩʿԴȥˣ
ʿȫҲˡ
澳ʿҲûôࡣԸͲǧʿɵһɱġ
գ֮䣬ʿֱˡ
ֽζû뵽Ҳ˵콫Σ£ǾȻޱĶȹһ٣
˶ÿҪˮ̲ס쳤ХйƵš
ȻһߵħǰͬΪ澳ʿ˿̣ȴһףҲ
λǣлλȣ壡
ħǵͷ˵Ҳˡ
ǣƤЦǰϲ壡
ħЦЦȻ˵һж壿
ǻشԼǧҡ
ǧڡħ̲סٰ̾
ǧ壬Ȼˡ˵ȴԵúСٵĿ΢΢㲻ϡ
̾Ϣ죬ҪϾе壬ûеطԶءǶǽ٣ɽӣ¾Ҫˡ
˵⣬ǿħʶǣ
ħһ̹Ȼ˵Ǵ̹
̡̹磿һ𾪵ĿħˣĿ⣬ɨ֮ǰȻֲ²⣬ȴû뵽ȺˣǸġ
ħǴ͵ģ̲סЦǸΪ̹𣬲ʹ棬ͻȻ죬ʼиϾ
ġǺ¡ҵ˼ǣ̹𣬾Ǻ£һĵϢǼЩ޴롣֪Ӧ˵ʲôźˡ
ħȻʵǱߵô
ħǣȻһ·ǣ˵Ȱһǰɡ
ԶԶԣ㿴ҶеˡԲǡ̫ˣϵļȫǼٵġ޵ĳ嶯һ䣺壬Լļ԰ˣĲܵ˵ѹˣ
£ħ˵ģӦȰǡ
ֱӷ¡¡нɽӵͬǣǡоˣдߣԽ޾ռ䣬ˣ
ɽӵĴ֮ϣе壬ȫ̲סĻ
Цųšᣡ
ˣѾǲһƬ˶õ£͡¸ҡӣֻȥһֱѹȡǶǿΪϣ죬һСġ
һ죬ǵ汲ʼΣһֱε졣
ڽ֮ǰϣûнƬϹںܶҲɣĻδ
˿̣ˣ
ϣҲδ
塭
ħˣ໥ſЦһ¡
Ĳ˵ģáðɣԴġ
ҪЩԴҪȥЩǵԴ
Σһ֮
ΪֻҪǰ뿪϶˵ʿʱɽӵǧ飬Ȼ١
ԡ
ħһۺӡ
˵ϵС磬Լɰ顣˵ţͷ˵Ҳ֪̫Щ¶Ҫ֪ͳʱúõȥһǸСˡ
ħ˵ʱҪǡϵС磬飡
˶̲סһЩ𺳵Ŀħ˵־磬ҪּһС粢ѡȴ൱ķԴһ¡һܹɵһ󹤳̡
̫ˣһޱܵĿħͬʱһĽ̹ǱߣԴ̫ḻˣô꣬ûܳһǧС硣
ḻ
ħȻȫ˳ǡ
ǷЩԣʵôҡ˵Ĳԣ
ʱЦеĸǹ˵ֵܣ֪Ⱥˣԭʲô𣿡
һãȻҡҡͷԭ˵ຣô
ôҲվǻôˣҲʶЩ̫ܡ
ããңԶ̹һȺǿʿô֪ıشһȺϦأ
Щعźӣɴ۾ǡǸòǡİɣ
̲ס˸ۣ˵⺢ôôأѭѭյģ
૵е㲻̫
ֻǺе㣿һ
ǳ鴤ŵʵ
˵Ǹģʵ
ģʵ


1859 ˵
ðɣ͵Ҹ㹵ͨһ󡣡ӷŰֱۣͶˡ
ȻһǵԴ棬̹Ǳߵ֪ǡͬʱҲһε⣬֪ǡ
ڽ֮˶е㲻̫ˡ
ĿĿźӣֿ˿ħȺˡ
ǧٶ澳ʿò˵ܷŵģⶼһ൱ǿ
ǴҲ϶޶ԡ
˵ǧ澳ʿܹ졣ǿ»ֱӰ˸Цȥ˵ǧ棬澳ʿ˵Ҳͬ׺һڣ
ֱ̫΢ˣ
죬ǧ硣
һ棬ٶܳǧ澳ʿ
ǧ磬Ƕ٣

ǧ磬ͿԳĴ澳ʿ
⻹ûĴ½أ
½ϣж澳飿
һǧ򣿻ǧ򣿻Ǹࣿ
³˴֮⣬ĺܹ֪ˡ
˵϶һľȫµ
ԣǰǧĴʿȻˡ
ǵĵӣͬҲЩ̫˰ɣ
һĴ澳ʿԴֳĶÿһǧˡ
Ȼģǵ۾ΪҲɱûжֱ
һߴʿľͷŭôܲҪãߵˣͻγһֲ֧ľţǰɱǡ
ֹģԻʲô̹ɳȥˡ
̫ҿ϶ˡΪ֮ǰǹ磬ʿԭͶϲսԼļ԰⵽ַǾͲӲˡ
ң޾ϣǸġԼƿص磬ȻԴҪľˣ
Ҳ֪ԴҪľԭ棬Ҳǳ
Ϊƾ󣬾ͽĴ澳ʿ׿ɱҲǾ˫ˡǰ޹˵ġ
ҲѹǶһĵҪɱ࣬ԭƬУѾ̶ֳȡĴеĴ澳ʿɲѰЩ˴档ǵУһӵŽӽǿʵ
澳ʿȫ̹档
ڣǺ֪ȺôġΪǱϾٵġ˵ġΣӦҲȡǵУҲûлҵ
ħֱ׳һСǣȻӸһںС顣
ԲεС磬飬ڣǽС򣬸װȻͨɫС飬ϵǡʱȻӦ㡣һҪ죡
ҲҪӿٶȲˣȻĻЩʿӦʱ򣬾û·޷ˡ
Ǻ侲ĵͷĺˣһᾡܣȫ壬ߣ
µ̹磬ѾһƬˡԴݽˣҲûϵ٣ǲᱻѹ٣ǲõԼϦ
ԣţҪԼôԱ壬Ͷ뿪ЩطءҲͬΰɣ
ħȺˣֱӸǣ뿪
ʼԼӦ飬Ķܿ졣
޾ƬϣҲ˼ߵ
ϵʿЩ˵֮ȫòˡ
˵ԴݽôֻҪܰĵĻţֻҪܰĵͱǿһ򱶣
ԣϵʿڣнɽ֮壬ȫǳϣǽܴߵԴȫˣ
͵˹εߵ̶ֳˣǶЩˣߴˣЩ˲Ҫʲôöš
̹ԴôݽߣҲһЩѰĲݺûаɣһƬɳĮɣ
ЩͨƽյĻشҲǶЩĸо
Ǵһ߰ɡﲻǣվ꣬Ҳǵļ԰Ҫ뿪ˣһһݣҲһּˡ
ɽЩΰǨֻ˵ħһˣһ·ǵĶЩء
ԭװһ̸֣ʲôѹǿдùʹ򣬴򲻹ܣԴ̬죬ûжܰô
һɵܵķ˵κεط̫ͣá
ڣۿ֮ͬɵ̬ȫʧˡ˵ģȷɲġ
ˣһֳθС
ѵ飬ԵЩơ
ձûԾ˵ˣ¶ǸøԴЩ˸ҷɱɱǾʹ򣬴ùҪ򣬴򲻹ҲҪȻ󣬰Ѽ壬ȫߣЩ˵粻ӭ̹ȴӭ
ħͷźӣ˵ĺе
һֱͺеһı顣
һˣֱӳĴȥ
Ҳࡣ
ҶһȺߵݣתһȺٴ˵Ŷӡ
̫ˣϢݵٶȻܿ죬Ͼش߽һʱģ﷢飬û̫˵ľ衣ֻСΧʼ˵һȺֲʿĽԴ
ȵ춼ע⵽£ҿʼе𾪵ʱȺ̹ɱӣѾ뵽޾Ľȥˡ
δ󺣷죡
Щ˴ʿҪѰǵټ൱ˡ
Ϊÿһ֧ӵ鶼ԽԽḻǵľ鱾͹ḻģ֪Щں֮һʿܱȵġ
ʿΨһƣǿơҪŽʵ̫ˡǿĴûЩ澳ʿ׼ȥ̹磬ϣܿЩǾжˡ
ˣһ֧˵ɵ˺ֱԹġ
ԴԼЩ𺳵ˡ
ʵ̫ḻˣ
̫ˣ
֮ǰԴʵ֮Ǹط
īһսľ̹ųɵԴЩԴȺڵʱȫĪĸоԴĲʲôˡ
ϾһĴ硣
֮һ·ơ
ҸûκĿĵأߵġ
ˣЩʿҪǣҲ൱ѡ
ôΣ澳ʿҪǵһ̵֧
ȴ׼ֱӦϣлɾ
ⳡսħǽ뵽֮󣬴ҵһսߣҲвСһǧ澳ʿԶ
һ澳ʿȴӲǧ࣡
һӲӲս
ԣһսֱ졣
˵ƣҲˡֱӱ˳


1860 ̹
̹硣
֧Ѿ̹뿪ٶˡ
̹磬Ȼɵķչš޵ҹͬʱȥ̹֮ռԴ
ԭϻȺˣʼץ̹Դ
ȻԴĵۣȻкܶԴǿġ˵һЩҩ˵ֳֿࡣ
һУԳ۵ϵͳ֮£ر
ʲôطԴҪܹ꣬ʲôЩϢġ
ڳīٶʱ䣬ûʲôֻһֱ̹Ľ֮⣬һ׼ʱԮ޵дȥ֧һ棬ҲڵȴĴ졭Ӧ˵ˣϽǱߵı
޵Ǳߣһֱûз
ҲǣĴ籾ȫ޽Դḻ޷ĵزûʿ뿪Ĵ죬Զε
ħ뿪ʱ򣬳īڵϽߵ
ƺƵԶ
澳ʿȫɢơ
ȺˣȫǻʵĽǿߡ
Ľǧˡ
ܹĽȫˣ
ʣǧ澳ʿͬҲȫѷɫκνʿӵһĻôʮа˾ţǵսԶЩǡ
ԣһȺĶǿߡ
ʣǰ̫۷ʿţ˵ģīûô
ϰ̫۷ʿīǽ뵽̹磬ڶƣ
ȺˣȻ̹Ľ֮󣬳̹ɱõġ
īһˣڽ֮⣬ȻŴԶѹƬϣûа־ɫ
Ⱥ˵еΪߣҲ˳īӰ
ǧ֮⣬Ըͣ¡ȻĿǱߵĳī
һΣֻһ
ĮȻ졣
ԸҲͬһǳĮ
ǴĶӣ
һʼ漶顣
ݣܹ̹սĴ˵Ҳ൱ѵõˡ
ɴҲܿĴҪ̹־ġǿ
㣬ǳīĮȻǧ֮Ȼ󣬴īǰ˲γһɿµ籩ųīž
һ̽ԵĹͬʱҲһ־޴裡
֮䣬վţһͻȻ䳯һ¿ˮǺľٶ
ķ籩īʱȻ仯һƥĳīһֻ۾
⣬Ѿ̽ԵĹˣ
һɱУ
īͷβûգһۡȫûпһһ
ȻɢɱĽھī۾аʱȻɢȥ
⡭Ȼһ̽
ͬҲǴ˺ܴ֮ġīıŵʧĻǲǳĮȻĵء
ĮȻͷ۳ī
һַĵĵġī
𿴳īһȺ˵۾棬Ĳʲô
ôˣһûˡΣ̹Ҳ񣡻嫴Ψһأ
󣬲Ҳˣ
ԣĮȻּīһ㶼¡
µģֻд취
ڣīڽ֮⣬ûа취̹ӳʲô
ĸҸսĻĮȻһַóī֪Լôġ
ͨͷĮȻ˵Լڶϣ»û˸˵Լǵһ
ϽҲУ
ͬҲУ
֪ĮȻսĴ죬ǵ֮ĵһ
ǰȴдһΡ˵д裬ʵϣȴһս
һΣǹƽսġ
Ҳ˵ûʹȥΪԼӳ֡
Ǵսˣ
Ȼֻǰ˰У˾ǰˡΣҲ˵ƽ֣˵˼ҡ
ĴУġ
ģʵң˵ʵϣĴ֮սҲ޼
ԣĮȻһսֱӵ춨ĮȻսһ˵λá
ֻ飬Ĵ죬֪ˣҲʮ
ˣûĮȻ֡
ĮȻܵ͵ʵϣĹ棬ȴޱȽġϣˣҲᳬһơ
īҲĮȻ˵ԷϲûɢرԵʵϣīܹоԷһĸ֣
ңǰδľ֡
һˣ͹Լܵġ
ܣҲšΪʹ
īǰɣڿϴ̹磬ͶĻҿһͬʱҲȫ̹޾顭һĮȻųīƽĿˡ˵ĻȴЩԤϡ
ЩʿǣЩȡ
벻ĮȻ˵Ļ
īĮȻҵıҵ磬Ҳҵļ԰Ͷ飬񶼲ҪȥˣǸͲܵ顣
ȻˣҲȴûʲô˵ġĮȻһĮ֮ˣīܾŬһµ˼ûУֱӾͳ˵˭ȥɱ
ʿУҲû¸ߡǴ಻öʵϣ˼١ĴеЩˣʵҲֻɢ
ĮȻŵ澳ʿǧʵĽ
ܹ֮ΪȣҰĵģ
Ҳ˵һȺˣʵ˵УΪӽһȺ
ĮȻ仰һݵվ˵ϣԸ֮һսͷ­
һ˵ең൱ϵֽһսףӵиĮȻһս˵Ǻһ֡
áĮȻͷնͷ­ӹΰ
һЦȻϵƶȻޱųīߴ
ÿһһ㣡
ǧľ룬ֻѾߵīǰ
Ȼ̧־һͬʱһֱӷɳԲ˼ٶȣնīĲӣ
ǳųīԴģ
ⷨɢĵ뷨ޱǿᣬתţʱͿռ䣬ڵһ㣡
īһѣεĸо
΢йѣεĸо˲ʧˡ
֮㣬͹˳īľͲΡ
һûȻǳˣҲĴǿ
⾳磬񡭡ʵһָ߶ȣһ־磬һϿɡ˵սһ߳ʿ١
ȻĻ̹꣬ô٣


1861 ɣ
ûнīīֺγ
һǿķɱĻ澳ʿǣεȵġĿأ
īУȻһѪɫս
ģսǼÿһǱ˼ٱһ˶൱ˣûʲô塣
ЩˣĮȻڣȻˣڸųīǸʱڵߡ
Ҳ˵ǲûоóīΪӦӣ
ȻָоҲ֮飬ܿ죬ǾʶܲԾֱӷӦعˡ
ĮȻһֶԳīֵĳ嶯סˡ
ΪѾˣ
ѵ
̹Ľ֮⣬޾УһȻ졣
һâȻͻһ㣬˸޷ֱӡһ죬ҲĵԸӵľأ
ĮȻֱӳ֣һϣǰ̫Ͼʿ
ȻĻһ죬پͻʮ֮һ̫Ͼʿܵش
ĮȻɫϾ֣ǰ׷ӣûôöԸ
ķ̹Ÿֱ飡
Ҳֱ۵һһѪ˵ӣΪ֮һ
ܿ͵īΪ˵ˣҪųīͷ­ȥġȻˣΪԼȫûлˡ
ҲΪīһķûκδ۵ġ
ġ϶ҲǼģ
뷨ʿȻޱ͵ĳųīɱ֡γһѾ޴ķĵ
ǵ֮Ѱ
⣬ɱУ
Ǽ˶ĿĶ
ȻǣܹЧȻá޾ĴûùɱءΪÿһεսƾԽԷͷ­¡
ԣͻȻֵһ
úȺʿǣһ궯
벻ܽɱУȻǼ
Ǻܼթʿֱ̫ˣԸ޳ܵ࣬Ҫּթ
ʲôթǻۣսǻۣսϲһթִʣʺǵˣ
ܽɱһȻ֣Ǹīһαˣ
һոγɵĴˡ˵̹һ죬ǲе̧أһطҲͱǧ΢ôһɣ
ǣһϽµĽ綼ûС̹磬ֻһû֡һûСĵطĵĴԣ
ˣң죬ѾųˣѾˡѾ˳ˡ
һȺʿڿһ֮ȫеˣˡ
ΪĹǻǣûκοܶ㿪
Ƕ㲻ôǸ׷Ŀƾʲôܹ㿪
ҲãҲãʵһԡֻͨѡ񿴼ԼҪģԼҪŵģЩǲϲġͳͳװƣ
ֻǣս
װƣûκ壡
һսκζԵ˵ĵ͹пܻᵼ²ҵʧܡ
ܽո΢΢һʱ򣬳īķʵѾˡ
Щһ໥죬ǶԳī̵ʱ򣬳īĹʵѾˡ
ֻһЩʿĮȻ澳ʿеĴǵɫ˲һݣ
ȫޱأ
ΪǣҲֻǿһѪɫâǱߵһ¡ֺܿʧˡ
ȻʱǿܽѾīǰ
֣ɵǰ޾ĵҲѾ˳īǰƺһ̣Ǿͻῴīͷ­߸߷Ļ档
ʵأ
Ȼ
ͷ­߸߷ģǵĲܽ
ܽͷ­ն䣬Զһ˲䣬ϣǳıġ
һּϱԴ
ͷ­Ѿ߸߷𣬸֮˺Զľʱϵı飬ûκα仯ȻȻûʶԼԴѾ˸ˣ
ˣ
īݺһţڲܽûͷ­ʬ棬ʬ壬ֱߵķѣ
ú޾ľͬȺһ㣬ֱ˷ȥ
ֱʱܽǿͷ­ƺʶһʲôո¶һ𾪵ı飬ͿһѪɫսͫСԽԽ
꣡
īһӣֱӽܽԴٴ롣
޾ĵ뷨˲ĥ˲ܽе
澳飬ҪѣҲף
ͬͬĶ֣ӵѹԵĵ뷨ôҪɱ֣ܶʱ򣬶һ˲顣
ңνĻɱǳ׵Ļɱ
ʱ¶ٵĺ֣ӵжٵĲ֣ʵûáֵ뷨ĥ֮£еĲֺͺ֣ͬʱ䣬ױ
㼫ӹһٵģҲɥʧеԣɥʧеļ䡣ֻܵһجج顣Ҳ֮󣬲Żָһļ䡣Ǽ䣬ҲȫƬλģξһܲʵ
Ƕ֮սޱȵĲпᣡ
һܣ
ûеڶ·ߡ
ԣܽˣĺܸɴࡣ֮ǰûи̫ܵʹࡣΪһ̣ţԼܡ
ĮȻɫޱѿ
ܽܵġֱ̫ˣ
ǿƥʵϣȴûܸīκһš
۳īǱߣΪһλɱϵƣĪǿ
ĮȻ֪ս֮ϣɱԽ࣬Խ󣬿ʵϣȴĳ㣡
־飬ֻҪһĻᣬԾͿԷ̵ġΪʱأ޾ȡľ׳
˹ؼʱ̣ǿԴϳȡѪָֻٶȣǸӿģ
κٶȶҪ죡
ⲢһаĹͨЩ̫ϹȫһʡΪܽһƵֵزôȺҲֻʣһ֮ңˡ
ôҲһĽ
ܽİøոջ˸߲ҵȺ̫Ͼʿϵıȫ׽סˣǴ˿̵Ӻ˼һȺûʶӣžȻվ֪ӡ
ʵ̫ˣ
ĮȻûͷһҪĸо
ʵϣԼڸոյʱֺγأֺγǼŲܸܽīһ˵أ
ֻڡֻʣһ̾Ϣ
ĮȻָֻĮ˭Ըһս
ʱһĸߴ׳ֱӳȥ
ǳȥ
ûлӦĮȻֱӾͳųīɱ˹ȥ
澳ʿУһۡ
Сܽ
Сܡ类ɱˣȻҪȥѩˡ
Сһֻȭ൱ľޣ˵ܴһ漣
ʲô漣ֻҪֻҪҪһ㶼ܸԷ˺Ҿˡ
̫ۡ
һΣǰ̫ϾʿȴҲûκ˸ҷֹ۵ĿǼʧˡ


1862 ǿ
ģȺ澳ˣǴ˷Ҳûκɵı飬ˣԵ÷ǳۡǲСܽȻһֻȭųƴǧ޶֡
˵ʵ涼ž޴ˮֵġ˭Ҫǵ棬˭ɵˡ
СֻܽȭȷһֱûôҲ˵սʵǲġ
ˣںܶ˿СܽŭģʧȥˡӦǹƥȥԷīһ˸
Щ͵۹ĮȻıӰĵĮȻͳȥҲδǳīĶ֣
ȻͷҲ룬Ȼǲ˵ڵġ
ʱСܽˣѾ˳īΣͬһǣȼܵиٷУ
ȻٶȣҪǿ
âȫ֮һ
޾ңԶľ룬Сܽ˵Ҳ֮䡣
ȭͷųīһȭȥ
Ǿ޴ȭͷ棬γһУȥˮиոγɵһһ
һУȴһĪģǱĶ˵ġ꣡
Ȼ쵱УҲ֪Сܽľǿߣ
ֻȭҪܽǿܶ౶
Ȼ̹СֻܽȭˣѾȥˣҲֻܻȭĿ¡
ԣȻͬΪĮȻʵҲ̫Сܽǿ
ǿ󣬲Ϊ˵
ȴҪ
īҲһ˲䣬СܽȭͷȥЩãȻ
СܽŤϣ¶һĨЦ
ôˣǿߡôˣ
ȥɣСܽһյ
һȭֱӴīԴ
ôģҪôʹʩӸˣ
һȭ̫ˣ
Ҳ̫аţ
ֻص˵ֱ꣬ȥһ˲䣬޾ֻأѳ
ȻȭͷǿֲĴͿֱӽֵԴҸϡã
һ
ͷ­Ѫ͹ǣֶģ
һ̣Դһˬ
СܽţȻͿһĨ貵ĵ⡣һͬģСī˫ģ
ôܣ
СܽУ𺳣ֱ𾪵Ըӵĳ̶ȡ
޷ܳīȻȫֻȭӰʵ
ΪʲôСܽʳһ⡣
ţī߱ĵ桭һ롣
ΪֻأҾܶΡ֣СơīܺĵĻش
ϧСܽҲˡ
ΪѾˡ
īһСܽϣȴǱʿһ
ʿȫһ˲䣬ֱĸо޾Ŀ־壬˲佫֡ӰǵͷϿա
ֲ̫ˣ
Сܽ㲻磬Ҳڰܵ˿찡
ոһȭôоһɺаԵϧīûܵӰ졣
Щǲ֪СܽһȭĿֲǳǴǸͶ㲻
ĮȻͳ죬ͬδܹ
СܽҲˣĮȻң۾ԥ
澳Ľī׵ĸɵһΡôľģһصĴ
עصǣ˼ҵĶ֡
ô죿ѵԼ
ĮȻ֪ԼˣҲͳ׷ϵˡ
ʱ˽ͳ죬ǲȥˡһϰɣƾô˵ܽԷ׺ģ
ǰͳ죬ѾûԴٴβһˡ
ǵģ̹ķѾĴ칲ͬجΡ
취󡭡
ĴʿҲһΣ˵绹ֲֿɱ
ǸԵĴ磬ҲС
ǣ˼ҳīҲȥ
̹磬Ҳ޷óһķˡ
澳ʿֻҪһϣһһҲԽīʬˡ
ǳȫ˳ī
Ϊ̹֮ʷϡһᱮƵ
˭Ʋȥ
ʿԶӰ
ΪûĶ֡
ĮȻҲǵһ̣ΪʲôһΣǰΪĻôҲֻôԳˣ
īվһˣȴͬһ޵еբεĽʿڽ֮⡣
һ˶԰ˡ
Ĳ˵˸еˡ
ĮȻģְԵǿơ
ΪҲˣ
ƫƫģһһ
Ǹ׷࣬Ǻ컨ҶĴڣ·ֻΪ˳жԷ޺
һ𡭡
ĮȻ¶ģٵˣ
ڣĻûʤīġ
ʱīĽڵУͻȻ߳Ӱ
һĮȻɫȻһ䣡
裡
ĮȻʧ
Ǹµˣ
Ĵʿ໥֮䣬ûʲôĴĸ߲㶥֮䣬ȴһЩġ
꣬ɴϽͰѾ޸ǾԼӦ׮Ҳ޼ˡ
ݣȻҲȥἰȥ˵
ĮȻУԾ裬ȴʼմһָӵ˼
Сûб˾ܾ
裬ǵһܾˡ
ĮȻ裬߸߾ַ֣Ǹɱ֣ûкڡ
澳ʿոƣ֮һɢܶһǿҵĲһһ̤յĸоܵġ
ĮȻȴûиܵ˵Ĳһ˵Ϊʲô
˵⻰ʱǿž˵ġ
ںˣһһңվ˳īԣ΢λ
һֺԾιϵ
뵽īĴݣôվλҲʲôǣΪʲôųīô
־룬ѾԽĮȻΪŮ֮ľ롣ôǷһֺܵġľ룡
һ̣ĮȻֶʻյĸоԼЩ֡ӦģûйʲôϵԼΪʲôô
ʱľ裬Ȼ˵ǿ
ǿ
֣ĮȻԺУȻը
ˣһ˲䣬Ҫˣ
仰κ˿˵ôŭףô˵ֻĮȥԴ
ΨܾŮ˵ȫ޷ܣ
˵ʲô㡭˵һ飿
ĮȻ仰ҧгݣһһٵ˵
һ˫ۣž衣
״̬ĮȻЩ澳ʿЩ֡ǲףΪʲôĮȻ裬ʧ̬
ȻϽˣѾϽ죬Ϊ̹һԱ
һͽѣż
ѵ⾪ĮȻŮ˲ɣ
Ӧð
Ƕû˵顣
ʱǱߵľ裬ȻģĮȻ˵ǿ


1863 
ҡҪɱ㣡ĮȻΣȻ˳ȥ
䣬ΣޱȸߴһĶ
ǴһֵʩչǿķޱֱӿԷеĽǶȣԷȫλɱ
ûʲôڵֶΣеģֻķϵѹɱ

ĵ߾磬ٻָʽͨˡ
ұƴģǵеǳģҲǿ
ĮȻò˵൱ֲ
һֽӽĲΣ
ӵʵġ
īһ˲䣬ܵǿҵѹ
ѹ͸ĸо
ǶԷϵĵ
̫µġ
֮ǰǲܽСܽԳī˵βɰѹ
СֻܽȭǶϱˣƻɾ޴ɱ˵лᣬһȭ˵Դ
ϳī־þֻؿ飬ҽֻ֮оԽˣҲֻ˵Сܽʱ˲ã̫ùˡ
ǰĮȻǲһġ
ֹǴĴǴѹȫλ֣ǰеĵطûǡ
ԭǸ취еơ
һḥ̂ѵѹĥ֮£Ȼĥת
Ҫѹǿеѹ
Ҫ˳飡
ī嵱У죬ֱһĵ
оҲ֮ĮȻУȻһǿҵᷳо·Уīøӿɶˣ
ʱȴûзһ¡Ǿǳīں飬Ǿ裬Ѿʧˣ
ĮȻȺ˿ڸոһ˲䣬վڳīߵˣֱһ˻صڵȥˡ
ЩʿУȫ޾ɻǸ˳ʲôһ仰Ҳû˵һ˵仰ǿ
ʲô
ѵǾΪ˳ĮȻͳģ
ʱ򣬺ܶ˺ȻоԾˣ
ΪոĮȻͳ죬ҪһϣԳīչɱģ
ΪʲôǸŮ˵仰֮ĮȻǷһֱӳȥҪīƴ
ѵһı
ȺǣҲûдġ¾ҪĮȻСġ
ȴޱȾķ֣ԼǰУһεϣȻݲȥ
סˣ
Ⱥ˵ֱӳ˺Ȼ
ˣ
ĮȻԼ֪Ѿˣ
ȥ빥ɱȥʿ˵ĮȻߵĸ
ͳûзɱȥΥ͡˷
ܵһʧĽѵһΣ˰нֹû˭ǰһ
ĮȻߵĸŭͳѾڷˣѵǻ޶ԣʱ򣬾Ͳǰ׳գ
˵˭׳գͳָʲô
ǣѵܴͳ췢ɣ
е̫Դ˰ɣͳߵ˲٣㲢ͳ죡
ܶʿȫĿ˸ĳԺǳ
ǲǿĮȻĴ˭еΡ
ĮȻҪٰܣôЩ˵УҲûǳīĶ֡ңǽթյָ࣬¶ɱءǲŲǸأ
˵̹ûԴˣסĮȻͳġʲôǿõķô
ԣȺ澳ʿȫܵѡվΧۡ
ĮȻһȺĸ£ּŭȴް취ԼԳȥҲͼˣȥʲôãǷܸǿȣô⼸ٸʿܳƵģ
վҪһµģ
ǲ뵽ȥ
ϾĮȻݣ̫ˣ
˭ܳ£Ψܳ£
ǷУĮȻԼҲѾԾˡ֪Ĺȷīһ鷳ȴԶԶûеô
ڹǸˣǲǳīЩ
֪Լ鷳ˡ
սթ࣬еӳһս𣿡ĮȻ˵
ա˿̣ѾܲȺԼˡ
Ȼһ̣ķ󣬾Ѿˡ
кβң
ĮȻΪīһ÷󹥻ʱ򣬳īȴֱӳǰ
Ȼ󣬵ĿĮȻ˵Ϊ㣬Ļôǰһսô಼ãģ޷ǾǸ㵥һսʵų㡣ô
ĮȻЦѿ֮죬ҳϲĶ֮֡սɲǱ˭˵
㲻ҪԼô߹ɱ㣬ΪǿʵϣոյСܽĻһȦֱӾܴԴŲīƽͣһ˵
ĮȻ̲סЦܼŭ档Ҳŭҵսˡ
ˣӲˣҪɱˡһ仰ˣͷȺں֮ڵ죬ֻҪɱ㣬Ⱥں֮ڣҲɢˡīɵ˵
˵ǲĮȻУǱīӸŭˡķǳŭֱӳųī˹
ʹõģ֮ͬǰĵ
һΡȴ𾪵ķ֣ǰԲˬĵȻһΣʧЧˣ
̹ʱ䡣
ī˵һ䣺죬ĴݵλĴڣһ£̹ŴĴС
ī֪ĮȻݣ֪Ҳ̫⡣
̹Ĵ֮䣬죬Ͻ֮䣬ƲġûκκͽĿܡ˫ѾǲˡԣīԷʲôˡվŵģһԵĻīҲɱ
̹ʱ䣬ʩչľЧ
ֱӺɵľӰĮȻĵȻûнĮȻĵѹסǿķȻĮȻȫλĵ˲͸ƽˡ
Ϊʱ䣬ѾīֱӰˣ
һµĳӣֱӳĮȻߡľһ֣ĮȻֿɼĵط
³棬ʼޱǿ飬Щ飬һ޾⡣
ֵطֵ³ӡһݺŵľ֮
Ƕһʱľߡվʱ䳤ӵУȻȴӰ쵽ܶ顣ֱӳĮȻ֡
Ǿ޵ȭ貵ĵ⣬һִδͨ
Щڣû֪һʱ飬ǻ֮ǰҲ֮û˵׼ǵľݣûܽʱ䳤ӵ
ֻ֪һĹϵ
ʵī֪ģҪһ㡣
ԣԾ׼Ľʱ䳤ӣλĮȻԡĺܶ飬ĮȻ֡ڼӵڰ
һѩĵ⣬ʱͻȻ³ննĮȻͷ­
ī⣬ȴЩ


1864 һʬ
Ϊ⵶ʵ̫ˣ죬̫Ϥˣ
Լնĵ⣡
ΪʲôѪɫīҲ֪һ߱նĹâңе߱죡
̫аˣ
īֻѾкܶ˽ˣ˵ֻص˽ƿأѾǿ֮ˡ
ڴ˿̣һãȻΪʲôԼӰ³С
ѵ˵һ죬Ҳ̤뵽ӵУΪ³еһ˻˵Ĺޣ
īһ˲䣬뵽̫̫飬ûʱȥµζʲô
³еˡľվҲڰ
ǣīһ̣̹ŸӶ߱У
ڿն𣬷޾񷣬ֱ³ɱ
Ҫ³еǸһɱеĴͳ죡
ĮȻŭޱȣڱҪƬ񷡣÷⣡
Ҫѣ
ʵǣҲûа취ѣοأ
³նһѩĵ⣬ֱվĮȻϣһֱնˡ
ţ³ӱˣ
ƺҲ޷һι
ī۵һһѪ֪³еǸҲˣ
̹Ÿ߱УȴȫĮȻͷ
꣡
¡
𶯣
ǣһ̣ˣ
·죬̮ˡ
ĮȻȻ飬ֱӳױˡ
ٱ֮ǰԳīһīֱӴɣݺײǽɫĽ֮ϡ
һҡ̹磬Ϊ֮ѡ
̹ı֮ϣɽˡ
˲䣬ͱһɷѹȥȻһ£޾١ȴû˺ȥ
īˣҲҪһ㣬ոþȫ̹ڵѹȥˡҲľȫ
ȻֱͦͦվţŽɫĽڡ
̹žĿĮȻĵط
ֱһڻһ
Ǿ󡭡̫ˣ
ĮȻǴĶӣϣŴѪһ¡
УЩ󣬼ֱš
һӰ֣Ƿ·ڸһУ·̾Ϣʲô·໥֮ڽʲôӰҪԳī֡
գǻǰ˻ȥ
ЩӰȫʧˡ
Ǵûгֹһ㡣
īȴһжû˵ҲûκζľٶֻۿЩӰ󣬵ЩӰʧһ̣ī̲סһ
走
ˣ
ЩӰѹǴ󣬶ǳ
һֻԵѹ
·ֻҪһͷܽΣ
䣬ôܴ
īޱȣһ̣ЩԼĵס˱ġ
Ҿǿģ
˵
īۿĮȻĵطѾ֪ˣݵλԲһ㡣϶һͨͨʿ
УӦŶѪҺ
ʱ򣬽ڵУ߳һӰǳīͽܣҲĶϱӵдѪʫ
ӣôˣīЩĿʫ΢΢ü
ʫЩǵĿųīʦɱˡǴĶӣ
ţô֪īʫ
һָӦͬһֱȻ֪Ϊʲô֪ǡʫ˵
īͷɱɱˡ
ʫ˵Ҿã޴Ĳ飬˵
īӢϣ¶һĨЦݣӣҪģ̹磬һֱڳķΧгɳġ
ī仰ʫҲ̲סЦأҾһౣء
˵ţʫתص˽ڵСȻսԶûôǿ󣬸ʺϲսԣԾû
ʱ򣬴ǽ֮ϣͻȻ䣬Ͳ飬˿һ۾;ĺ
ЩͲȫ׼Զ޾еЩʿǡ
Ȼ󣬻ЩʿʲôӦЩͲУ޾ķ֮籡
䣡
䣡
һֲķ֮⣬ֱӺǱΪĮȻס˵ʿǡ
˲䣬ǴҲãȺ̫ϾʿҲãȫһͬľٶ

ǼķյУγһޱǿķ
ⷨ򹥻ǰЩ˲䱻ƣ
ǳīۻϺϵʿо޾£רԸȺʿķ
ǵЩȻǿ˵֮£˲ͱ߽ˡ
澳ʿƾǿȥЩĹЩ̫ϾʿûܾһĹâ
˲Ϣ䣬ҷ
Ҳֻһ
ţͳ׵ƻˡ
Ϊûˣ
̹磬㾡ԴɵҲֻܴôһ
һȴеǣĥľ޴ˡ
һ飡
ֲֿĹֱδй
û˵
澳ʿҲһǧࡣ
ʣ¾ǧ澳ʿĿɿڴĿǽɫĺɫͲˣֻһָо
ͷƤը
ôʲôʲôԵǰأЩ̫۷徳أôһûˣ
ܶ澳ʿڻͷҪѰǵǰ
ǣǵԡǰ󡭡еģֻ鲻գ޾ķ֧飡
֮⣬ʲôûˣʲôҲûʣ£
ȫȫġ׵׵ġʧϣ
ǰ鰡
ôûˣ
ʱ򣬿ǽɫ֮ϵĳīߣһԽĮȻޱȻҵƬ񷣬ֱǡ
һˣǧ澳ʿȻ޾塣
Ǿǧ澳ʿУҲˣȫ³īµҪĵزа˳ϣȫ۾ֱӳīҪī׻ɱ
ʱ򣬾ܻŻصĴǱߣǻʲôֳ
ѵĮȻĮȻѾˣȴŻȥˡ˵ĴϽĴҲŹǵģ
ԣôʲôɱˣ
īۿǣ˵ΪܹȵģΪľ磬ܲ²ģ
˵䣬ī壬Ȼ䳹ʧƬС
˴ľ壬һӾʧˣ˶ȫˡ
ҲûκεϢȺ˸Ӧ
ǧ澳ʿȫЩɵˣûǣʩչͨҪīټҳ
ʱ˷⡣
⣬ҲĹ
īÿһ˵ľʶС
һ̣ǧ澳ʿ˲


1865 ޵й
ľɱһֱأ
һʵܣīһɱĴе󡣵һУȴҲֵõġҲ˵һ澳ʿ᲻ȥǻˡ϶еΡĴΣǸεĹ
ù£пܻ뿪ڵĴ磬̹
ԣҪĴǱߺ£͵ó״ǣ
һΣһ澳ʿУǧĽ
ʲô
ߣ
һ磬ϴڡ
ǵľսȻѷǵݵλȴĴУǳ˴֮⣬Ϊһˡ
һΣһĶӣ
һȺˣֱȫīɱӰһĴɱ֮
һΣĴǱ𾪡ŭ
ȴδػ̫Ŀ־壬ԭҲܼ򵥡ĴĶڣ֪д취ֶҲܹ̹ԴԣҲ͸пһīһӡȻ㾡ȫԴ󣬿ɱЩʿȴãīжô¡̹硭жôΣա
βһ
εϢݻȥ֮ϽǱߣһס
ǧ䣬ζʲô
īվգǾǧʿĵطƯŵǧǣһĨЦ
ζϽ죬֪жõ£ǧûн
ûнζĳ̶ֳϵĻҡȺףƽ͵磬ͬҲֳġ
סǧ磬ҪλķѺܴѪˡ
ʱ䡣
ǲصĶĳī˵ȴԵΪҪ
īܿأ
Ϊڵ̹磬ȱģʱˡ
ֻҪ̹㹻ʱ䣬ôһУչ
ЩʿΪ;磬
̹ĶԴѾʮһڶ֮ڣȴȻǹõġ㣬ī
⣬ԼҲҪʱ䡣
ʩչ֮־ɱģѾԽٽ£ûмʮ꣬볹׻ָ̹ž̹žļӳ֮£ҲҪʱ䣬׵Ļָ
ڼ䣬ܹõĶԴôīĻָٶҲӺܶࡣ죬ҲҪ߰ǧʱ䣬׻ָ
⣬ǳīԼĹ㡣
ĴǱߣȴû֪ġֻ֪ΣɳԶȫûˡ٣
̹һֲ壬һӣһڶҲǣһͷſѪڣȴԼľޡ
ֻҪп־壬Ϳˡ
īּǿһ½ڵķȻֱӻصʮչȥˡ
һΣرҪ飬ٳˡ
УǧȻƯǸطѾγһǴ澳飬Ҳ޷
Ǵܹ뵽С
ԣīûǧһ壡
ЩҪ뵽̹ˣҪĻûȺһ£ԼǷ߱ȻԼǲǱЩǸǿأ
̹ǧꡣ
ͬһ޴ֻأǧĹٹȥ
޵ϽŴʿԶлعˣ
һδȥİЩ굱УʮˡʣȺˣҲ˵˾һȫõĳɳ
ǹ¼űֻУûʿȴ˺ܶ顣ûо£˲ٿϽ޵Уβ䡣
Ϥֽ֮󣬲ϽЩʿȫԽԽǿЩδ֪壬Ҳȹȥִİ취
˲꣬Զ
Щ꣬꣬Ǳ꣡
Умٸˣ̫Ͼ磬ֱͻƵ˴澳磡
УͰһ֧ӵ죬Ͻ޵У
ֽǺ֮ܶǰζ벻ġȴһʵ
ϽȥԼܶûȻҲгɵһ졣ǳΪ죬ƣҲīһ׷䣬һһӡ̫ࡣϵϴϽӴ˴󳹴
Ҳǳī֮ǰֻصУǼӳֵЩڷӳһЧ
֮һι֧ӣѾǹȥֻ֧ȴ̵ܴġͯӾһ֧ԴӲ̵
ԴˣϽҲܽ
ǻصԶԶľͿƬԼƯŵǧö
ǣϽУ¶ɻ֮ɫ˿ңǽ
ǡǴûⶫɢϢжϣӦþǴ˵еĽˡ˻ش
޵üң˵ôգֱһسǡʾ
һЩˣȫѾˣһеĪ
һΣ꣬õ˾޴ĳɳͽǵģҲȹȥ̫ࡣԼҲһǿˡ
ǰǧöķسȴЩʿǣ˲ȫѹ
࣬ǻĺܰ
ĺˣʮأ
޵ûкĿΪôԶһɿֲĲϴûô档ֱӴˣŽڷȥ
öеڽϴһš롣
һΣ޵еĹ˴Դ
кܶԴĴǱߣҲδӵУ
ЩԴҲ̹ʧһôˡĿǰȫڷ޵бС֮󣬱㽫ԴϽ˳
Ϊ̹ǿԣõϵͳӵȽĸ־顣ԽЩԴ󻯵ĺ䡣ȥȥĵطһΣֱӽס˷޵С
˵Ͻ̸̸𣿡
޵΢΢һ漴ͷ
֮䣬û̫ĽձֵĻҲӦýһүү֮䣬ȴδй̫Ľ
ϽһԴ˵ûдȨġǣһۿŷ޵У˵
ʲô˼ûдȨѾ㣿޵е֡
ߣԳ۵ΣǶġԭīγֻۡһ㣬㹻ˡ
ҡҡͷ΢ЦŵֻзȨǲ⴦ЩԴġΪ֮ǰǳս̫ˣָָֻˣ̹磬ĻȻǵĻʱиΣյġ׻ָ涼ûס
޵΢΢һ漴˵û°ɣ
ûʲô£ĵ˵
Ǿȥ£Ҫҵģ޵һֱ˵Ҿһ̵ģôսƷǵ顣


1866 ͻر
ۿЦһո綨µĹأЩԴʸһɵģԼЩй֮н
޵еͷҵ֪һΣҼ嶼ܾˡΪҶѾֹУõ˺ܴ̹ܽ磬ԴȱĹͷһɵԴѾӴˣѾ̫顣һΣҶܾˡҲΪԼļ԰һʲô
۵ͷ飬ԣܸмǡڶأ綨µĹأҲЩԴҪ䡣һҽõԴá
޵ЩЦһ£Ҳ˳۵˼Ѿͷ°
һ֣˵ȥͺã˵ЩԴδʮ֮һ
𣿡ۿһֱϽ벻һֱͷҲ˵ѡ
ܴӦ𣿡ϽһȻ˵ԴûˣǻȥɣȥѰҡûˣȥȥ
۵ͷϽ˵ǣȥˣ
޵ЦЦȥɣ
̹ǧ꣬޵ٴ뿪̹硣֮ǰ޵֧Ҳ̽мط̲ž˵ԴͬʱЩطҲ̫ΣˡԾʱˡ
һΣ֮ȫ֪߷ʲô֮ûүӶԱ̹žеľҲүԴӵһ֧Ϊ̹һľˣֱӿʼԸ
Ƕ̹ǲħǰݺأԶĴ磬ȴΪǵļ԰һЩסֻ澭ЩգԼҲøǿ󡣽ɣ
ɣ
е̹žһûвμӵЩˣЩ˵м֮Ҳȫˣ
һΣʮ̹žУоҪϽͬ
ֱӾʮϵЩˡ
ꡢˮˣҲԳ棬Э
һڵʿֳʮ֧顣ÿ֧飬ַʮСӡһ֧飬ƺƵ̹߳硣¼ãȻδ֪
Щˣǲ֪Σ֪
ЩԶսʿҲãϽ޵ҲãˮҲáǽµΣԡҵĻԸߣ
ЩԶ˵̹ǵļ԰Ϊ˶飬ǶҲżԣܹΪ԰һЩ飬ǹͬԸ
ΪǻѪˣĴۣҲĸԸģ
Լļ԰вֻܵĵ
̹壬ȻĴЩ̫ܵѹһе̹γɣڿԺݺݵüˡ
ûа취ȥĴԶսΪǵʵǶãԼͬΪ԰ʲô
Щûбѡϵ̹žҲû٣֪ȥʵһֶǵıԣȫڷܵȻڸڵĽϣиָĽ衣
нˣ뽨ǣֲˣȥֲҩȥҩ԰ֳˣиֳ
˾ã̹磡
ȻԴݽˣȴ١ֳһľ޴
⡭ʵĴǱߣһֱΪ־һ顣
ģһ㣡
ʮ棬һĺӣԴվڳīǰ˵˼Ҿøָ˵ҲϽͬġ
īûĿһ۳ۣ˵ҵүүܲͬ𣿼ֱǺ֣ôԴǸѪġôһ˰ˣ
ЩĵΪ磬ͬ˸ѪΪʲôã˵ˣҲ룬ǳʲô⣬绹ܴ𣿡
īЦҲܰõԴϰ
˵ʮ֮һīͲšʲô磬ֻҪһͷ֪ȫ顣
ҲΪһָЩΪĳۣԽԽһѪˡ
˵ʵҲ˹ͬԸ㲻ܾܾ˵ĺġ
˵ţۿųī磬Ϊ縶ģʵ̫ˡ֪нı仯ȫΪ㡣ԭһֺܹ塣Ҳи鲨ȫһڷûŽִʻ㣬Ҳûʵҿ˵磬ͬҲˡǵǿ󡣵һ𣬾һȺں֮ڡҲֻ࣬һʱѪڵġ
īЦŵͷ㵹ԽԽһˣҿЩ꣬Ҫһʵˣ㶼ѾԼ޳ȥء
ҲŲҪҪԶڸԡֱӾܾһĿųī㿴ʵӣǣƮ칬ЩˡһǶ˵ģҵķ
ˡī֣ĲѾͷȥʲôΪ۵ķʵ̫ǿˡϵͳ˲̹κһյָ˲
ҪԼȺŮ֮ĹϵԼû¡
ۺٺһЦ˵ŪȥˡīľܾʹԴһ취ҲûСīӣ޾ġ
īųۣһ˵ֻһΣ²Ϊס̹緢չԶһ˱ǿ塣
šСһĵͷһ˵ʲôԵı飬ȻЦеˡ
Ȼзڴ̹飬ǱҪȥҪ֤̹磬ÿһ䣬ƿ֮Сķչ
ԣ̹ԵشС֮սԳ˵ָƵġ
һİٿȫһңʱЧǿġٿȫ飡
̹飬׼û֪ʲôѾͷ̵ܻʱ䣬ֱӸ˵
Ȿ£̹磬ֻһң޷ֵꡣ
ߺ󣬳īű۷ּЩԴУ¶һĨůЦ⡣
ʵϣǺ̹žЩˣ̹Щ˶ԼĿġȻĻЩԴĲá
Լӻ磬¸һУҲϧ
ЩˣҲƴάԼܸ٣ҲĸԸ
⣬ܺã
ܳīЩûر磬塣
㸶ˣܻῴܻסȻ󣬲Ҫȥ˵ʲôǶƴģҪر
ԵУȻгһ棬õһ棬Ǹġ
ʲôʱ򣬲ʲôطˡ
ûб


1867 
硣
硣
ǧ統УȽƫƧһ硣γɵǧ˵һԭķ磬ڻһʱΪŵʹõһƬƴ½
õһö
ط˲γһ硣
õ飬Ȳ壬ҲǸ߸ϵˡһ㣡
һɫĴ㣡
ԣһ磬Ϊ硣
Ҳǧ統Уеֲ˵ν硣
ɫĴ㣬˳Ϊ
Լһ֣н
˳ƽ棡
ıһ㣬飬ȴһ㶼ƽͣȫû͡˰ǰһҲҪؾصġ
һ磬Ҳһ֮ء
Ϊܾ룡
ûôиԡ
治Ƕ˷С
һ̫׵Ĵ˵˵ڣҲһʱ⵽˵˺˵һֱڷ㡣ȴûеõĳϡ
ǽ壬ȴһʵ
Ҳй˴ܣ⡣ǿȻ㲻ĵ磬Ͼһ硣ԣһЩûнʵǿʿҪطռС
ҪռطȻҪɱ˽档
ɲһƲ磬ЩʿһɱһһȺͱһȺ
Ⱥ˵ų֮ǰ˵죬ʿΪ־ҲΪһط
ΪʾʴȺͲ˽ĵλҲЩˣҪȥơ
Ͽɣһ㶼顣Ļ˵ǣϣ㲻ϣͬҲзֱ
ǿƣԷ壬ʵǲġ٣һ磬岢ûΪ̹飬ܵκ˺ҲûΪ˵ݺܵʲôǣ
ʱ䣬Ҳ˾޴ѹ
̫ʿڴǷˡ
ЩʿǴ˵еɱߡһƽ棬Ҫ硣ǵĿֻ꣬һǾǷе壡
ǿƵĽȻòġԣʱ䡭Ӧ˵Ǻܳһʱܷ
ÿ춼дʿ磬Ҫô͵ɣҪôԳֱ֣ߵأҪĽɱ塣
ֱһȺ׳գȺߵߣһûûСֱҪȺֱŪˣ
ⲢʵΪҹߵصЩˣһͷȻǿưԵڽ˶档ӭǽ硣Ҳ֮ǰûʲôеĴ￴
Щߵص˵Уߵĺ˵ӵܡ
浱Ȼô׵ĿĽڣȻЩûʲôĸ飬Щվ
Ҫ֧ʲô˵ŵͺˡ̲ס뵽ҪЩˣɴһ壬͸ǣǴߺˣ˵Щˣռô
ûʲôУҲû̫øСңЩ嶼뿪֮Լÿ顣Ųںأ磬һƬ󺣣
ʱͳˣ
󣬽ֱ£ȥѰҷ˵ŵˣҸȡϵǣƵ顭
ţ߰ɣˣҲ徻ˡۣḧԼɫĺӡ
ͻȻ䣬УһɵĲ浱üһȵηͣĪǵ㹬ĵط
ʱдʿʿ˲ӸȫɢһĿֲɱ
дһЦһǿߣûκβ֮ģֻո˵Ҫҵǣԣ̲סˡð֮¡
۾ɴɫĺ붼̲ס˼¡Ȼһĵ˺ǿڷԸȥѰҷ˵ŵˣȻûʹðǴԷȫȴûڵʱ͸ӦԷĴڡ˵ҲԷ
һ뵽⣬Уֺܲĸо
ʱҲþգϾĵ̣Լҵ̣ǻܷɵĻǻҪʱ̾ĻǾ̫û˼ˡأҲûб˼ϲ̸̸
ʵһֱڣ㹬еЩûҳ˵˾ʲôطһ϶ãȻ֮ɫҪŬѰҳԷټϧǣȴһûС
Ĭһ£˵Ƕ°ɡ
㹬еЩһԴ˻صԭִڵĵطȥȴȫо˲С𺳡ңӶԷ˵ĻУƺǸˣ˵ţ
¶ֱ֮˵ɡ
Уԭһ˵ĵطֱ߳һӡò൱Ӣһ֮Ƿϣ֮
ħ
û˻뵽ħȻֵط
ħһ̹Ȼ߽˷㹬ıչ֮ء
֮󣬽һĴħΣȻЩĲ鲻Ըĵͷɣûʲô̫õд֮¡
ǲʹħĲ
Ҫ˵ŵˣⲻ١ǱԷԷһôǿ
еУܾãʿⲻơ
ȻĻôƫԶĵطＸûһˣʲô
ħҲֱ֣£ֱӿżɽ˵ҿ磬ǵشﲩḻ
ססǲĿⲻƵĿħ˵ɣ࣬Ҫʲô
ǺǣҪҷ˵ŵˣҪʲôأħϲȥƨɵӣڽһ㶼£Ҳüαĺʲô
ҪǰȫŪߣüͷ˵һ쵽ģȫݵλߵߵأЩ͵ɵģֱʤ඼Ūߣ磬Ҳ徻ˣ
ʲôôΪʲôҪ£ħüңһȵĿŽ棺Ӧ֪֧ŵ֣ӦòΪ죬Ԯİɣ
ħĻҭòᣬǶԷֱﲻʹ졣
ħ˵ǲǵռô࣬ΪʲôҪˣʲô


1868 
ռ࣬ΪЩǲȥʱܻħЦЦﲻһ鷳ˣվ
ŭħ˼ҽ͸ȥǣӵ𣿡
ħɫǷĽΪ֮ǰʵ֮ءΪ˽Ȼϵ顣
ҿûôΰҳΪҲΪࡣ˵ڣҶѾҪסѹˣ㲻֪ߵصЩˡ
ѽͲõʲôˡѾ鷳ħһƽ˵
һĿħ˵仰ʲô˼
ħȴһɵЦ⣺ûʲô˼ҽЩ鷳˰Ҳߵء
㡭ڵһվħô
ΪʲôħϾ˵ҶֵĵطĽ֮Ŷ
㡭̫ˣһߵĿħŭЩĴΪҸɵģ
Ŷ˵棬൱ǿưԵѵ˴ԣħЦſŽ棺˵ʵĽ棬ʵֻһӲҵ߲Ľأ
ŭ磬ҪȥҾǿҲȥĴȥԿҵ˼𣿡
Ŷ˵˵ȥǺ¡ħЦſŽ档
ɫúѿһ˵߰ɣﲻӭ㡣
ţ֮أħʵ
ʲô֮಻о仰𣬽صҹҵĶľţһƨϣŴ˵һҵĵ̣ôôûйϵ
ţԺֱӿڣȻ˵˵ŸϮˣȻҲܲôˡЩ˽ɱ壬𣿡ħŽ棬ϵЦݣѾЩ䡣
ħţܱͬ䡣ɭȻ࣬в𣿡
вʲô̸ġħ˵
̸㵱ɵӣŭ˵ɣ㵽ʲô
Ҫ㣬һ磬Ǩ뵽̹ȥħ˵
ܣ붼û룬Ȼܾˡħͬڿһ׳գ̹磿ǸעҪոĴ磿㿪ʲôЦ
ûпЦħһɫĵ磬ԭܾӵأ㣬ֻǽҵõһöˡҪͳ磬Ҳԣ磬һ˵ġ
Ҳˣ˵ң磬ҵģûȨָֻš˵ʲôǨ̹磬붼Ҫ룬Ͳܣ
˵ţֱվͿͣ
ħһûֻĿ
ﲻӭ㣡Ŀħ
ħûطţȻȻ˵֪ԭ֮ǰҶӡǺܺõġϾ磬һ飬һǽѾһС漣ˡԣҺ㡣
ֻǱҵĽˡ˵
ڣӡеıˡħ˵˽
ֲ࣬ı׼¡˵
һ磬жٴ澳飿ħȻת˻⣬Žʵ
˵ʲôĴ飬ȻûǷ˵ô࣬ҲԲ٣
ħЦˣˣǲһ£Ĵ飬Ӧöɣ
ʱסЦΣЩ࣬ҲͲǡ
Ҫ𣿡ħŽ棬Ŀƣ磬ǴİɡͶʿ棬ǻҡҶ𣿡
ûΪУûôǿĵ
˵磬֮⣬ȫ塣ĲǸ˵ĵõ顣Ľһȥô磬Ҳһصصͳεˡ
ⶫһѡˣϣͲˡħЩź˵
ʲô˼һŭĿħ
ǿ˵ǳͳˣвˣûгֹء
ҵ˼ǣԺ׵Ͽɵڶ˵Ļˡħֱվһֲȫɢ㹬Ȼǿķ󻤳֣һ˲䣬Ҳֱӱˣ
ȫܲסħѹ
㹬еЩҲȫһѪɳȥ
ħ飬Щһ˲䣬Ѿˣ
ħޱȱĿŽ棺ΪʲôΪǸгģǿ޾жķϣãһܻڣ
ħ˵ţֱӴӳһԴ
ϰٿţ
ЩԴߴﹾ࣬ڽǰ
Ҳ¶ѾƵķ㹬Ϸ֮¡
ЩԴһţԴֵǮȫԽܻ׽ȻȥǱļԴȫˣ֪Ϊʲô𣿡ħŽ档
ı𺳵ˣǾҵĳ鴤ţɫĺ룬ҲھҵĲšʶҡҡͷ
ħ˵ΪЩǵʱǶѾɱԹ壡ȫѪȵһȺ࣡ԣҺԥĿǵԴҹǱ˭Σôȥĵطˣ
ʱ촽ЩŵˡǷˣһȺӣôķŭġǲԸ̣ǵĿ⡭Ҫǻס͹ˡ֪֪ǧ統У澳ʿѾһǧ챾Ĵ澳ʿǳǧǧţǲŶˣ
˵⣬濴ħЩ˵Ĵ澳ʿѾǧ֪һʲôһһĭһʿ𣿡
Ǻǡֽ͵˵ħֻӦ
ǧΣѵ˵ǧĴ澳ʿվɣ
ǣֻҪмʮ澳ʿվ㹻ȺܵˡǶ֡ǣѾ뵽ôˡħҲѾЩʿǵϰԡ
ĲŽᰡ
˵ĸУŽʣʵҲǴڵģ


1869 ۻ
̫ÿһ澳ʿӵ޽һƬƬ֮ϣǾǵ֮ߡߡǹ¶ģǲԸ߽ģ
˵棬һĳ̬
˵ħͲ羿жٴ澳ʿжôţôҲôǣ
ħŽ棬˵ʶ࣬͹Թϣܱ֤һ¡̹磬ķ磬Ȼķ硣֪ҵݣҿԸ㣬̹Ĵīҵĵӡ
˶Ҫˣһ𺳵Ŀħ¶˼ɫ
⡭ôأ濴ħͽܣ
֪̹𣿡ħº˵İϾһн磬һ硣ʧȥ˽ˣܵ޴Ӱ졣
һ򵥵Ļȥʧȥ˽磬ΪٶȣҩݵٶȣЩԴγɵʱ䡭ͬӳ
˽һŻӦˣ
ȻĻƾħԸһ棬ȻһƮȻȥˡ
ҡҡͷ磬ûκϵġֳӲЩύԣķ磬һȫյ硣
ħݸһħһϢϢУгīΪֹ൱Ƶĳɳ̣ÿһ൱һ֡
ڳī취󣬿ɱĴ¡
ԣκ飬õϢ̵ʱڣԳīһУһֱ۵˽⡣
˵Ǵͷβ𺳵̬Ϣġ
ȻĬ
ħҲΪħţԽǻۣ϶ȷǸѡġ
ãų˵̹ԴݽˣǹȥҪѪ
ħһۣ̫СȺˣʵ㣬Щ֧ţȡԴѾ̹ЩԴ屶࣡硭Ȼǿģ˵ﻰһĿۡ
˵ţħЦЦĵЩ˵Ĵǣ֮ǰҲǿһ磬Ҳֵ۲Ϊûйطô
ɫ΢΢һ죬д֮ǰҲ֪˭˵Ρԭ棬Ҳǿġ
뵽⣬־࣬Լö˶˵ưԣ˭˭ˣȻһ磬ҪѶߡ̫ˣ
ħϢУҲ̹Ǹ½Ϊˡ屾ź˽⣬ֱӾжϳǸӦþе֣屡ؽµˡ
ȥǸҲһỶӭǵġ
˽һ㰲ο
ħ˵ˣŵҵ顣
ħͷġ
ֵʱ䣿
ħЦҲĲˡЩǶѧˣ챾磬Ѿ̫õԴˡԣڵĿ꣬ǧ硣׼һȦͳˡ
濴һĵȻħ˶һͷߡ
ܽ˵˹Ĵǿ߻硣òϣȫġѹˣܳΪʦǲһ
УħȻһ˿֮顣
īö֮󣬽Ҳû֮ǰЩԹԺʵϣ쵱УҲһûʲôڸеһ硣ǵ̹磬̹籾֮ĵһ磬˵ܻþ޴ĺô٣ϣͿԶռͷ
Ҳһ൱ǻ۵飬ȻĻһǿƵ磬һ桭ȴûдŭЩ
֮Ϳʼ׼
Ҫһ磬治һ׵飬Ҫһʱ׼Ȼ󣬲ܽ
ʵ沢֪ǣ磬̹磬϶̹籾֮ĵһ硣ĲһܹΪһ
Ϊͬʱĺܶطţ
ۻ磡
˻ϢޱȵŨ
˵һƧСôۻһֽԵĴУ
Ϊǧ統УǿĽ֮һ
ۻĽһʿɵѾ޾ˡΪֹֻأѾϰٴ֮࣡
ǿǣÿһεֻعУۻ磬ûгκεӣ
˰ҵĵզ࣡
ôһ磬ԴȻħ֧ţЩٵԴҪ߰˱
Ҳ˵ۻĸԣ̶ȣȸո̹Ĵ磬Ҫǿʮ֮࣡
֣ǳī޷ġ
˵ƮŮۺħЩˡ
ʵǷ磬еԴҲǱȳī֮ǰ̹Ҫḻ֮ġ
ҲΪԭЩʿǣŻһٶжϡ
ۻĽ־ͽۻ룬Ĵ磬оĽ磬Խġ
ۻһΣûвμٻԶ죬֮ĵĽȫٻˡûȥġ˵ҲϣۻĽ뿪
սܻڵʱΪԼһȻʧܡȴ˿϶׼µٶȫҲ֮⡣ʣЩȫ죬ԣЩĽ
ǲ
ָЩ磬ÿһ£ϽɴԴأ
ЩˣЩ磬ҲͼǷϵˡ
ۻڣģֱǱġ
£Ҫһʱ֮ǰ˵
£㱨˵ץסһŮӣŮӷǳޡûɱǰ͵ۻ
ۻһǸŮˣͶˣ
˵Ҳ֣ۻۻ޾£ҲйһЩ¡Щ¶ġŮˣۻ벻ûŮǼ
޾ЩΪָֺŮūŮ˶У
˵ܶŮū޳̶ȣѷɫǰλЩŮūϣȴȫûŮϵʡ
ɽ纮÷
䣬Ҹ߹
ָ߹ʣۻŮӹϣҲûиܵ
̫߹ˣ
Ůˣһۣۻȴһ۾ϲ׿ڳŵ˵Լһ
⻰ȥˣʵϣȴѾۻߵȼĳŵˡ
Ϊ˵塭ľ͵ȼˣ
ԣۻֳŵѾ൱г⣬Ӧгһŵˡ
Ȼͱסˡ


1870 
ת䣬ֱۻŵĿֲ޵ĸо̫ˣһıӾġΪڵʱŮӺݺݵĳһƣűǡŮһƸˣ
ԲᣬͱӶᡣ
Ҳ㵱һ
Ů˵仰ʱ򣬳˸߰
ۻû취ֻ塭ʲôʱ˸ߵȼˣʲô㲻ҵһ˿ҵȻˣˣеĹϽ
ֻŮû粵Ļᣬֱӽҡ
ۻ벻˼ĿУŮһ·һֱӴҵʼգûиκҪ
ۻΪ˽ܵĵط
Լ֮⣬ûκطǴУ
ڣȴһŮӣӲĴۻȫ޷ܵĸоԼǲΣȻĻôͻȻӣ
ǸѾסŮӣΪʲôܹͻȻķΪʲôŮӵĵȥû񣬵ȴѹƵģ㷴ĻᶼûУ
ۻ硭簡
мӳֵ£ȻǲУʲô
ŮӣȻƮŮۡ
֮ڣܱá͡۵Ůˣ϶ûƮŮۣ֮һ
ңĿУϵ͵һŮˣ
񣬴澳ŮʵѾˡ
Ʈ칬һɣϳīͽܡ׷ߣеŮӣûнѾˡ
˵սꡢˮƮ칬еȺˣʵδرƮŮ۵սͶ١
˵ͣǾֻʣƮŮˡ
ڲôͣǸʱһ·͵졣
Ⱥܶ˶͡
ۻƮŮ۽һӣȥӡ
Ҳ˵ڵۻ룬ʵģ
ƮŮǸͲںۻ롭ҲĲȥôɣ
˵ֱһˡ
ƮŮ۵ͣҲչֵ쾡¡
ѡ񣬵һҴ㣬ȻۻеԴϴһա˳ҲɱˣƮŮ۵˵
Ƕ޹ģ㲻ôۻֱӴƮŮ۵Ļֵŭ
ž
ϣֱӰһơ
һΣˬĸоٴδ
ңġ
ҵĻû˵ʱ㲻졣˭޹ģͲ޹ˣƮŮĿ͸˾Ӧø߸ϣ׳գ
˵꣬ۻһۣԹ˵ڶѡԱԪģýԪһ˿Զᱳңᱳ̹硣ļ뵽̹粢ҳΪһԱȻ㻹Ľ˵̹磬øߵĵλء
ƮŮۿĿɿڴۻ룬˵岻ôҪػǺܿġ
ۻĿɿڴĿƮŮۣĵϣֻϲŭ޳ĺȫûؿ㡣šصǹ󣬵㰡
ƮŮȻ֪ۻʲôȻĻ϶һûнһȥ
ȷô߳죿ۻ뿴ƮŮۡվһ֮޾þλֻǴûƮôˣֱӿ򣬰еˡ
˿̣ع֮ӣҲ侲
Ѿ˷˵Ⱥʲô
û˸ŮǷ˵ŵġ죬ֵӣһʵģ˷˵ţûеڶң
챾Щ壿ܶɱߵΧɱѾˣ
Ʈ㿴ۻ룬˵ܲ߳ȥǵĻ飬Ҫġ
ۻһĿƮ㣬ͬʱһԹΪʲôģΪʲôҴһ磬ˣҾ͵ڱѰŮˣ֪֪ζʲôۻ磬Ӵ˾ûκ·ˣ
̹磬ĿɽƮ˵
ۻǾҵĳ鴤ţ̲ס̹磬ǸȫԴûʮ֮һɣ
Ʈ룬ܳʵ˵̹ѾûʲôԴˣ֮ǰɱʿˡ
ۻҪѪĸоԼŮ˸ûа취ͨ
ǣھʣһǰ
ҪҪѡͶ
ǣۻܿɳܵѡͶΪûѡԷûи·
ñԪģȻֽһ˿ԪƮϡ
ۻһ̣ǳ׳ƮŮ۵ġū
˵ʡӹ񣬸Ͳڹ
ڽսʱۻ˸ͷ
ֱ̫ˣ
ۻһ֮Ҳͬ޾¡ƮŮۣ˵Ժ󡭡Ҿˡ
ƮһĿһۣˣϽ׼ۻ磬Ǻÿ·
ôġۻԼĸоľԼҲ²ˡ
Ʈǿȫλġۻ֮ûа˼ֱۻ룬ʲôûС
ۻһɵĿƮ㣺ʲôʲô˼
ôôƮһŭ䲻ı飺ҵ˼ǣãĸ磬ǿߣ
㻹ҪǲҪ·𣿡ۻֱҪƮ
û·ˣĴҲ²ȥˡֻܸŮ˵ˡţҪʲô֪ߡû뵽Ů˾ȻҪ硣
Ȼ··ǴҲҪİƮһȻı飬ۻ룬Ȼ˵İɣʱˣϽһĴ꣬ȥ
һ̣ۻֳ嶯Ůһӣˡ
תһ룬Ů˿Ƴ嶯ԣʵϾҪ˵ۻ붼Ƕ֣ǧ磬ж˽Ķ֣
£ۻ˼ָƮ㼸൱ĵĴ硣
Ǽ磬ۻԱȽϽĳ̶ȣۻ˵ֻǿۻһĿƮ㣺һ£һҪСģǼĽɲԸ񡭡
Ʈ㿴ۻ룬ܲӵ˵ô̰
ۻͷߣƮ㣺˵ô
Ʈ룺˲Ǿϲ˵𣿡
˭˵ģҪȥۻʹĸо֪ĸ쵰ŷŮ˵ϲ˵ʽ
ʲôЦ˲Ųϲ˵ʽϲ໥ά˵ʽ
Ʈûйۻ룬ֱƮȻȥ
תۣǧ̹ʱȥ죬ͻȻ䱻һϢ˶𺳵üҪˣ
˵ţ챾˴Դ˴࣬ɱ˴ʿ֮ȥǧ磬ǧнڵЩ磬ϴһ飡
ǧ磬⵽˷˵ŵĶ֡
Ǽֱ伫ҪôǿҪôǰ֡иնжʱһʿɵȻ
⣬µ顣


1871 һ
µǣȺ˵ŵʿӲ˳һٸ磡
øֶΣвЩͶ壬Ȼ󣬽Щֱӱˣ
Ϣֱˣȫ޷ţҲȫܽܡǲףôˣΪʲôͻȻ䣬ʿȻôֲˣ
Ϊʲôܹ쵱У֮
쵱У澳ʿǧΪʲôͶԸһĴʿⲻǳ
˵ôһ̣Ҳȫŭˣ
ʼȻָ
ָֻĻȴħƮ㡢ϵȺʿеҲ׵ķĿܲҪã̹ĴͿԷԶĴˣ
ΪȺ˵ָ𣬼ֱ廨ţȴûǿҪҪȺŽġ
ΪʲôûҪȥЩС۵壿
ͲӦ̹ŵ鷳Ҫ뿪죬ĬĬףͺΪʲôҪأ
̹ţõ˱ӦǧĴʿȻ򲻹˼һˣֱ̫ˣ
ûȺʲôѾ˵ˣ£֮ǰĴɳԶȥ˼̹硣ȫû˵˼һ˴ˣ̫ˣǲˣ
ײеģʲôԣʲôҪǿöڵãǵǧ磬һٶ硣أоôͻȻôǵĴǿأ
壬ǵһٶ绹ʲô飬ҿ̸
Щ߰ˡһЩҪǧʿһ֣Ⱥĵ͵ġ
ͨᱻԼֱӸĹѪͷ
ɣЩսɡԼôϣΪʲôҪȥ̣ѵЩ澳˾͸ƾʲôҪս
˭ģ˭ԼϣҪûǾ֪죡
սЩֱǲҪ챻Ļ𣿡
˭ս˭ԼȥЩײеɣ
ЩƼˣ˼һ֮ǰЩʲôɱСӣǰ൱Դ˼ҷͷԸǣǾܲ𣿡
̫Ҳ̫̫ԣˡ
ͬҲŰ壬ȴŰ߼öĶ
ԣȻ޽ܶ飬ǿԴݺܿġ
߽ϢȽϱ֮⡣ЩطϢĴݶǳѸݡ
ڵ󣬾ƮŮۣ̲ס̾ôͻȻãеĴ󲿷ˣͦɰģ
ţԺ󰳾һδʱҪЩͨǺһ㡣˵
ȫһĵͷ
ķˣ嵱Уϲƽˣռ˾ġңǵ̬ô˵ءƺе̫ڸ߶ȵˣ
ÿһˣ޷˼롣Ǿ˭˼룬ǵУԼԼģһĸ塣ս飬Ը⣬ôҾȥҲԸ⣬˭ҲǿȲң

ҵ£
ҲͲΪʲôĴӸԵĴսʿԶ̹ʱ򣬻ôѡ󣬳սļЩĸ¡
νĸʵҲǴǣԴӲסġЩʿҲȷǹЩս
ȻĻЩˣǶָӲ
ƿشҪֶΣҲЩˡ˵ҲֻЩĴĸ
Ȼֳ⡣
ǽĻȡͨİ
ΪϵǲŻڴ
һΣϽ죬ʧԳܡ
ҲΪʲô˵ţֵֵزûгĸԭ
ƴ취ҪȥʲôطѰҽƣȻ̵ʱ䣬һĽȻĻϽ졭¶Ҫˣ
ڲʲôӣԶ˵֣Ǹֿ
ǴҲܽЩ˵ŵʿһһҳɵ
ֱ̫ˣ
ħһȺĴţѾʣǧˡ
ǧֵܣԶ
ŵˣÿһȫõ
ħƮ㡢ϡӻгͮЩˣǴӸ棬˲˼
Щ̹磬Զܵõġ
Ѫս飡
ÿһ˵ľ񣬶˾޴仯ȥǶڳīıӻ֮£ȫɳġǧˣһѾһˡ
ص̹磬һĴʿΪһǱȻ顣ǣҲսŸͬ壬ӻԻ͵·
Ƕõ˳ɳϿˣҲڡΪǵ磬Ӧһ
岻ħ
岻еʿߺȡ
ȺĴʿݺᣬȻڵķ򣬸ٷȥ
ֻҪǵڣǾͳ׵뿪һ磬Ȼ󡭡ضˣ
˵У˷ܣҲܼеҪص硣Ѿ뿪̫꣬ҲˣеЩˡ
Ⱥ˼ĽʱͻȻ䣬һӰڽǣסǵȥ·
ǵӰʵ̫ˣֱҪո
ͻأĳҪܣ
ϣɢѹͬ˶ִĸоʵϣûжҲûʲô͵ڽֻһӰһ־޴ѹ
ʿȫͦ½ŲǵɫҲǰǵӰǶЩ³ǵӰݡ

죬Ҳֻӵ˵ˡ
ħϣ¶֮ɫһߵЩˣϵı飬ࡣ
ʱ򣬶ǵӰֱӿˡ
ôˣȺСӣŰΪΪΪһúܿİɣ
Ժ˵ġûκδڽȥȺʿĶУȴ־ĸо
ǧʿоųɣڣֱһѪ
һȺСӣ浱ˣ˶еĲսӣռ˱ˡǲΪ죬߾ߵĵط
һΣħͳϵˣҲ̲סһѪ
Էϵѹʵ̫ǿˣ
ЩͽҸеʧ˵˳ɡǣվǽǵϣҿҳѪԡνҳϣǶңǶǵļ԰Ǿ׾ٵͶ˵ˣŴĶԴȥʵСܺãЩˣҲûмȥıҪˡ
һٶͶʿȫɫǣȴûġΪǶǸû塣
ʱһӰħ߷ɳŵڽǵӰݺһ˹ȥ
װͷ
¡¡
һ춯أ
һأ


1872 ƴһս
˵ƮŮ͵Ůˣô͵˾̫ˣīħϡ̫̫࣬ӡ϶͵֮һˡ
ǿԼˣУǴҵͬ飬õֵܡ
ںӵУϣû˭ҵģ
ôˣ
Ҳմ
һ֮󣬺һݺݵҹȥ
һ̫ˣŴƬգźһӺȻ̮
ǵڽڴӰһߣȻһֻ֣źֱѹ
ûԼķı忴ȥɿݶСԷֱֻС㲻ϣ
ΪӰʵ̫ˡһֻ֣ڸ޾񷣡
ȻЩǳֻǰҲȫСͬһ
¡¡
һϵͣȫơ
һҹȥһɻϢ
ڸֻཻһ˲䣬ֱӱһ貶ĿĹâǹâҫ۳̶ȣ˸޷ֱӡ
ţӵӰŸͷǱ˻һ˫ɫ۾Ǿ˵ս⡣ϣͬս⣡
ǵӰֻ棬һ͸Ŀ
ȻǿѾˣǱ˶
СӣˡĿУһĴ֮
ȴЦΪڸոһУѾ̽˶Էʵ
ⲢǴıֻһı϶޷ʱϵ£ɷ˵ţֱһγӰ
һΣˣȫӰȥ
ǰʮĽĿ˸Ƕվԭû˵Ѿ죬վǱȵĳɷ־ӶࡣҪǣ޵̫ˡЩǸΪϣ˭ܴù
ȻֻһҲȺܹԸģ
Ļ֮£Ƕû
Щʿȴԥֱȫ
ŭѣĿУֲĵͬʱϣҲӴ󣬵Ķȴһ㶼׾ޱȵ
ȺʿٶȣҲȫ̫ˣ
Ǽ͵ģ
ȫǰ棬޴ķչ˷Ĺ
ޱǿᣬ£ƾЩ˵޷κ
ȺҲȷ̫һ㣡
Ʈ㡢ħϡӺͳͮȺ˵Ĵ֮£ˣֱչǿĹ
գۼ䣬ֱӱǧٿס
ʿߣҲֹۣܶ˶ֱˡҪǾǿᵽµĴĵ̫ˣʩչķȫѹġ
һԭӦһ浹սȴȺĴʿӲĸܾ˵Ч
ֽЩͶ˵ĽҲ벻顣ͬҲȫ벻ġ
֮ǰȫûнȺɱʿΪⲻһȺСֻҪԼ룬ʱһȫ
ԾȺʿи꣬УЩ鶼ʲô¡ͷ۵ģǧٶ䣡
£磬һ˽ǵ顣
û뵽ǣȺѾԴʹ壬Ҫǧһߣ
˵ͬҲһ̵顣ԣֱӷֳһ赲
˭֪ȺʿȻ˵죬ȻһľηĶûУ
еЩʿ˭ԴûһͽڻʵʵĿô
Уеޱȵķŭֺ顣ֱɱȺûоηĵʿһɫ
е𾪵ǣȺʿһȻͬһһֱ֡ǿѹ֮£Ȼû¶κεη壡ңȻܶ˱ķ˵ȴûĸܵ˺
ЩֶΣȻƥʵϣԶԶûдﵽҪЧ
ֱǼˣ
ôȻֻһҲӦֻĽ
ǾȺˣôܴܵĴ
һȺʿ޲ߡ˵ȥ˭Ц
ԣҲ¶ģһҪȺһ룡
ãҲҪɱֻӣǼͷģȻ󡭡Щͽһܣ˭ù
һ¶Ľйɱɱڹȥûڽ죬ڿˣ
ǾһֻԵĳ档
Ƭ񷣬ַ£ֱȼ
𣬱ҵ𻹺ݣ
Ϊķ֮
һЩĴʿֱӱյξֱӾˡ
ħȺΪ׵˼״Ҳףؼʱˣ
ˣȫҧʩչǿɱ
ƴħȺˡƴ
һأô֮ǰȫŬ֮ˮ
ֻҪһôӴ˺ǺգٴҲо޴ĵȥԣ
һغȺʿԼ޵ս
ħֱʩչǿĹ
ƮŮҲֱʩչԼǿľѧ
ϡͮƮ칬еЩˣˡȫʩչԼǿѧ
ܶѾʼȼѾشȻû˷
ˣƴ
ʩչǿʿд䣬ȼŻ桭ճޡ
գۼ䣬ʿߣֻʣǧ澳ʿ
ʵ̫ˣ
˸еս
Ȼû֮֮ɱȴ˿ѷɫѾĳī
ı壬Ҫǿ
ⳡսûгī֧ԮûںԮֻԼ
û˷
ˡƴ
ڣǱߵۻۻ룬һڵʲôȺˣǾͻк³𣿡
ɱɣҲǿˣûҪŹǣ
ͽֺãǸǲʵġ
һٶеĽͬһʱ䣬ȫˣ
ǵʵǳǿЩһ֮ͬ£ߵֱӵõԮ
Ǳߵ˵һȺͽǲ֪ˡ
˵ţͻȻ΢΢һ
ʱ˶ؿڴȻ䴫һĲ
ǡ
˶סˣЩʿϣȫ¶֮ɫ
ոճȥĽ̲סһ૵Ա澳Ա⡭úεȵ
ʱҲֱӳ˴ĹѣǸɿĴһһˤ˱ճĵ
һʿԱֱ֮Ҫˣ
ڴ̫ŭˣͬʱҲڸܵһ˿־塣


1873 
е壬ȫȺĴδΣˣ
׼ȷ˵Ӧ죡
ڻڸϾģҲʣϽˡңǱ߼ƲãֱӾˡīȥԴҪóī
ڵʱϽͬвһľȴ൱ǵġ
ֻǣʽУӷŲµģȴǼ¡
𣬽Ǽķˣʱ϶ҪһҪģ½̹һѾˣ
ʱ򣬽ıĴҲ˵׼
Ҳǵȴ޾µһԵȴĿű˵ȥˡ
¡¡
ֱӱˡ
Ȼûֱ䣬ҲѾȫʧȥ֮ǰֲֿս
ħк⣬ʵոһ˲䣬ҲҪȥԱġΪҪָսҪһЩ飬ûüȥءǱ߾Ѿѡ
岻
岻־
ϣҲֻ壬Żӵȡľ
Щǻ壬кܶ鶼̹ȻҪΪѪΪ塢ΪȥԼȴûܹ
ѡԼĻøˡ
ʵ𣺡壬ѾɹļŭңܺãһΣˡ֮Ὣԡȥ磬ɱǣʱ飬һ
˵ţֱʧ
ʤˣ
Ӯˣ
Ǵˣ
еʿȫֲŵĸо໥ţҪӶԷеõ𰸡
ʱ򣬺дָ죬ŭҪĶһΣ㻹һΣǽүүҲ㣬ò˶ãǾͻٴξʱͲǴһٽˣʱɱ㣡Ȼ죡
ӵĻȥƺܿЦ
ƬأȴΪӵԣ¡¡죡
Ե
ѾԿķУ
ġ
ûں˵˵
Ҹ˸еǣƺϿ˺ԣֱϿԡ
Ҳ˵һ죬ĹĻֻҪܻɱôֱӿԳΪһˣ
ʱϵֱӱʹã
⣬ǶڣԵ
ź仰ⳡ֮սҲݸһ䡣
ߣȻֵ󣬵Ҳ˾޴ǵˣֻʣǧࡣ
һٶͶĽȫ𡣵˿̣ܵ˾޴𶯡𶯣ȫϵһֱסһԴϵĿ顣
ɣĶҡǸŽΪѪһĸоǺȥ֮Žһ¶ľ
ⳡսһȺʿΪͬȺࡣ϶һȫͬĽ
˵Ҳȫû
ԣۻȺ˽Ǳˡ
ǵһΣЩԱ
ˣû˵ҶĬšٺϲã겢սսѵýûˡ
ܶ˶ۺᣬĬĬİЩ˵ˡ
ˣ¼ᡣ
ħĴ£ǳ忪Ľڣֱӳȥ
̹һ˰꣬ħڻص̹硣һٶĴ磬Щ簲̹統Сֱ˾޴ĺ䶯
ħīһй̣֪īó˴ĶԴóīָơ
̹һǧꡣ
ī׻ָ֮ǰƣȻء̹磬һηһɱ䡣
ø޽
֮ǰĳŵīûȥЩ硣ҽҪϽɵԴΪԭһ롣
ҪЩôġȻĻƾʲôص
һٶ統УǴ澳ʿʮ֮ڣ
˵˵Ӿģ壬һٶ˴ʿͳһʿˡ
ڽͶ֮󣬼ȫѡ˳ĬûзκԼ
ȻīأһЩ˰֮󣬼еˣȫ̲ס
ǺܿĵĽ˳Ϊ̹һԱʵ
ֽҲóīЩ
һΣĴʿ̫ˡ̹˵Ҳһ޴ʧܻЩ棬һսޱȷḻսʿīǾúʹ
ó۽Щ˵ȥȻЩĴرźĸ
ҲӦ֮⡣Щ˺ġ
ħһζĹ˵൱޴ġ
˵һٶ磬ǴĴԴͱ̹˶ʮ౶
ɵĽЩԴȫַȥķ䡣
źһǧ̹꣬ٷչһǧꡣдǿ
̹һǧ꣬޵֧飬Ȼûлع顣īЩǣȥһˣȥ׷ʲô
󣬳īڰٺ̹һ֮ħǿңԼ뿪̹磬ããȥ
һƬضδ֪ռС
һ֧飬ѵǰš
鵱УһȺӵڵеģѾ뿪ܾµϽ޵С
ڵʿһֳʮ֧ӣȻÿ֧ӣֳַʮ֧Сӡһ֧飬ÿ֧ʿƺƵĳƬʲôС
ڡˣǳӡ
ʵϣУڵľţͲʲô
һ㳾㲻ϵġ
ʮ֧飬һʼɵǰƽţ໥֮仹ܱϵ˺ڣǵĲ롣ģ˴˼ľԽԽԶڵ󣬸ϵˡ
ԣʮ֧ӣɴΪǶǵûؼҵꡣҲӽ̽ĸԶһ㡣
֮޷Ȼվ۷ߣһҲ̽ȫܡ
޵֧ǧ˵Ĵӣһ籩ֱ֮Ӿһǧˣ
ֲпʵֱĥ˲˵ѪȴȻûзʵ壬ּͲεľ񣬵濰ĵ䷶
ǲûз
Ϊ⴦ṳ̂УָԴ಻ʤֱ̫ḻˣ
ͬ޾ΣǴ澳ʿҲã̫ϾʿҲã־޴Σʱʮִ
ֻܹˣǵĽͳɳҲ൱֮ġ
ǽ޾ĸԴЩϵͻƣ̫Ͻ硣
񣬷޵Ͻһ֧澳ʿѾǧ
ڹȥ̹ʱǸͲ顣


1874 صĴ½
ǵĶ飬ȻΪʮ֧˴˼䣬԰ȫľ롣֤һһ֧ΣգЩ鶼̵ʱϵ
ǧ澳ʿҲ޵к䡣ƽÿһ֧УԼ߰ٶ澳ʿǾǸѹģ
߰ٶ棬ֱӦȥˡ
һֱѣŸƽ
ռԴҲԽԽࡣ
޵ǵУҲǼ̹ģ֪Ѿ̹һǧˡ
һ죬һ䵱ĴʿϢ˵ǰʮʱҵľ룬һƬ´½
Ϣ÷޵е˺ܡ
ЩֶԴȫƯŵĴ½ȡõġ
ЩǳеԴʵܶࡣȻҲ˵ġǳϵԴһ˵ԴʿѾʧȥЧáǶԴ֮µЩʿкܴõġ
Դ˷ѵȫɼȻԴĵȼзࡣ
ʮ֧飬ÿһ֧飬һ׳۸ǵϵͳϵͳԶЩԴƷףȻԶзࡣ
ݳ򴫵ݻϢǰƬ½ǰδеĴ
Ҳ˵Ƭ½֮ϣӦôŸӷḻԴ
ֻԴƶ̹õǰȥչԣϢ֮ÿ˶˷ܡ
޵Ҳܿģڿ֮࣬ͬҲܾ衣ˣһҪС¡
Ϊһֳ½ζţ½ϺпǴĳֲΪ֪ġҪõԴЩ飬ǲԸԼ԰Դߵġ
ԣ˫֮Ĺϵ˵ȻҼǲɵ͵ġ
ʵ÷޵Ѿоˡ
һҾ޴սƬ½ٷСܿ죬ͻ˹ٶȣʼռԾ
ʱ֮ȺˣڿǰƬ嫵Ĵ½
ȫЩˣΪ½ʵ̫ˣ
֮ǰȻ˽Ϣݻͨ˿Լȫ¡
Ƭ½ŵ˵ȥ̹Ƭ½С٣
һе֮أ
ôһ磬жԴһ޵ʿһ𺳵ĿǰƬ޽Ĵ½̲סп
һʿ˵Դ϶٣٣ֿؾһ൱ḻܲһ޽磬ʯͷɵİɣңҴϣܵ˺ǿҵϢĵطԴͨ˵̫
޵еĶ飬֮ǧʿɵĴֱӳƬδ֪Ĵ½ȥ
Ƭ½֮ϣ޾ңԶľ롣Щ˵ʵҲҪٷһʱҡ
Ȼ˶еɻ󲻽ǣѾһʱƬ½ȥȻôԶľ롣
޵ֱöͣ£У¶֮ɫҲȫɻ󣬲ΪʲôƬ½ǣôöûнӽһ롣
ڣֿܡ޵пԵЩˣ˵һֿܣ¥ˣƬ½ʵڣǿһУʵǼ󡣡
ܰɽܴ½ϸܵŨŨϢѽɻ
Ҳ˵Ҳĳǻͷųļأ
ǻǰ϶˱ʾмôôӴǻ̽ô֮ȫʶ̫̫ŵǶ
ԣ˵ҲδؾͲ
޵н˵ڶֿܣƬ½ʵģΧȴһǿķڱ룬һԴḻ磬ûнڣܹ֤޾´еϮأ
ȫͷ˵ȷֿܵġ
ǽӦô죿һʿŷ޵ʵ
޵пһˣʵ˭ó󣿡
ʱȺУ߳һʿڳɵ֮ǰȫԷġⷽ棬רҼ
˭óƳ󣿡޵мʵ
ʱȺУ߳ʮʿ
Ȼⷽ棬ͨó˸һЩ
óˣһŲ顣סǧҪ֤ȫطһ㡣޵ĵ˵
󣬷޵гЩóƳʿ˵ҲһһȥŲ顣ҪŹκ˿

˺ȻӦʣȻʼж
С
ī֮ǰԼõźţѡ׷Ѱŷ޵ǵ䡣
ĳһڵʱ򣬳īͻȻ֣֮룬ԽԽԶ󣬳ϵˡ
īľ磬ȴҪӸܶࡣԣܹʮ֧ж켣·ġȻŷ޵֧µźţһ·׷ٹ
īٶ̫ˣ̹ǰٶȣҪ޵֧
ΪػĵĶ飬ԭͣͣģٶȱ˺ܶࡣ
ī󣬽ϵĿʼ˺գ˵ٶȣѾﵽһֲ˼ĳ̶ȡ
ޱȡдУһ۵ȻЩ桭ĴԼ
ԣڱ˿Ҫǧ·ڳīȻһʱѾˡ
īͬҲƬ޽Ĵ½ȴûп޵֧飡
ȫûнȥľٶվڷ޵Ⱥ֮ǰվĵطīɫǳء
֣һ
ǰʱһλ档гֵģ֮ǰ޵еĻ档
īϸϸĿšĲǷ޵Ļ棬ǡǱƬʹ½֮Ŀհ״УƬ޴ƥĴ½
ī۾һգգ޾ĹʳȻ۾ĶǸ½ĳһ䴦ǰ⻭涨񣬼̶ŴٷŴ
һֱŴ򱶣
һ𾪵Ļ棬Ǹ½һ䴦
һɸߵľʯ
޾ңԶǺӣǴ½֮ϵһɾʯǱȳҪСĶ
ڣǸطī޵ķŴˡȻǿʯ֮ϣһСӡ
Сӻ£ֻһɫĶǶǶǶ֮⣬ǹġҲСЩëȻǣǸСӵ
УȫûֺӵʹǳԹң˫۾͸޾Ĳɣ֮ɫȻСӵϣ˹졣
ȻһѾȥĻ棬īȻСƺǿԼһֹĻȻܶɳīȴָоСӿ񣬳ŪǡƺһĨЦ
ȻīѾ򣬵ֻ棬ֻĸо
ţīһ֣⻭ȥ
һ̣ΣȻڸƬ½ܽܽĵط
ֱƳһεĻþͱһīһӣƬ½ıԵ
ʱǴ½֮ϣȻ䴫һӿ
ţһѪɫĽֱն
⽣̫ˣ
ǳī̹ҪҲ൱ѡ
ûж㣬ֱ߱죬һն
䣡


1875 һ칬
嫵ĲУһȻ죬Ȼ󣬿ĿһƬѪɫ˷ϵĳȥ
ʱһӰֱӳ
һѩӣüĿ㣬ȥҲͶʮģֳһŽոǵնģ
俴ųī˵칬صأ˾Ҵ
칬ī΢΢ü
ָ֮Ǹ칬һ֪߼᲻ʲô
磬Ĵ£ط֪Ĵһ졣ȥƺһ춼Ƶġ
Ϊӣһٰʿ
ʲôطĴ𣿡īûӵ̬ȣֱӱȭʵ
Ĵ죿ӵǣһĨмı飺һʲôطﲻĴ죡Ĵ죬طˡⲻĵطذɡ
֪ʲôطīȻ侲ʵ
ӵϣ¶һ˿ͷǸ˵칬ЩĵطǻĴȥɡ
֪һ硣īʵ
ôôࣿѵԣ˿īĿУȻֱ˵Ͻ뿪Ȼɱ⡣
ī̾Ϣһ
Ȼֱӳˡ
ûʹ߱죬ֱһֻ֣ץȥ
ӵŭùŽݺնīֻ֡
ĽٴնһѪɫĽն˳īֻ֡ӵžķâ൱ֲ֮
һĴ澳ʿ澭һ
ī֣ȴʮƽȵĴȻץӡ
İ¶һ˿֮ɫû뵽ȻôһҪնīʱ򣬳ī֣ѾĽǰ
صһһץסİ½ǹӿĵޱߵɱȻӿ
İӵͱŻˣīϱǹɱ̫ˣ
ʧȥ˵ֿȻɳīһץǰ
㡭ʲôˣİɫ֪֪ʲôĴҲҪؾأ
У͸¶һ顣
Ǿǣ֪ĴġңĴ½֮䣬Ӧġ
īû˵ֻǾĿ
İӣҲó˺в˵ˡīӦҲЩûˡֻ˵øϿңȻĻ㲻к³
īȻû˵һֱĶ
֪İӱīЩë뵽һֲõĿܣоջһ
īı飬΢΢ü磬Ҳûʲô˲ġôе˼ȥһᡣ
㡭ô֪˲㱻īıˣȫûа취īô֪˵ġ
ʱ򣬳īűȻһ֡
ţ޵ǧʿĴһӾ¶Ρ
Ⱥˣȫͬһ
ĿԶһ˵ĳī벻īô
޵ҲЩɵۣղŸմõ㱨˵ӦǱһˡ̫ʵҲ̫Ȼܷһ󣬵ȴûа취ҳƽ֮
Ǹеյʱ򣬺ȻͬƼһ㣡
һâֱ˵ﵱС
īˣ
īȴûи˵ʲôֻǴ޵УǴԭأҪҶ
󣬾ˣֱӳƬ½ȥ
īһߣ޵ߵЩʿǣȫ̲ס
ǵĹӣ
ǰǹ𣿡
ҾȻ￴ӣţҵ۾ˣ˻þ𣿡
ӾȻܹҵǣֱţ
һȺˣֱ˷ܵΧס˷޵С
񼸺̹Ŵ½ϣһЩݵˣϲгīӡ·ܽгīӣ˵һ־޴ҫ
ܶҪгīӣԼþ̫ͣûʸôС
޵еͷȺ˷ܵ˵ǸˣȷǹӣšӦǷ½һЩء
̫ˣҲлӲսˣ
ҸǾȻԸһˣ
һǼǶδ飬ˣ
ָоҸǵ죬ĸЩǣûˣȻǶûȥĴ죬Ӻܶ˵ĿУѾ֪Ĵһ硣ԣҾã塭壡
޵еҲ¶Цݣͷ
Ҳò̾Լ̫˵ӰֻҪ̹ʿǰһվʲôҪ˵㹻ˡ
Ǿúðһ£Ȼ󣬵޵˵
ȫûκ
Ǳߵĳīӣһ·Уֱ̤Ƭ½
ڳī̤Ƭ½˲䣬֪ǷǴоµĴأĲһ¡
ɫǺ죬¶ķŭ֮ɫҷ£
죡ī˵
ҪǸҡ
ҪٸҷϻҾɱ㡣
ŰµӢֱӱͣеĹâȴ͸޾Թ֮ɫ
û˿˵ȴһĨ⡣
ȻͬҲûпīУģһĨŪ
۶ǰװŪЩںССʱ򣬾Ѿˡ׷˵еЩװŪļٰʽϷʵܶ౶
īҲ˵ˣ嫵Ĵ½ϣÿһ޾ңԶĵطÿһԽܶͬ磡
ȻһĴ½Ĵ̹һÿһξ룬ʵͻһȫͬ硣
Щ֮䣬˴Ҳûκν֮
˵ȻеȻе𺳡
ԭӦǸطģڣûκ飬ǸˡȻԼȥˣ
ѵǸ˵еĴڣ
ܣ
ǸڣֻǴ˵ве顣νĴ˵˿Ǽٵģƭ˵ģǶ׫ģ
ʱ򣬳īһֱһɽۣ֮ͣȻվԶһɽ
ѾһƬȺɽС
ÿһɽ൱ߴϰôߡɽϣźİѩɽХطѾһʿܹˡ
Գī˵ֵطȫûκӰ졣
īϵûжһ¡
ʱǰһɽ֮ϣһϵˣ
īϣʱ¶һ˿ЦݣЦݣм
ڣҪװŪ𣿡ī˵һСƨӣֱӹǣ
ǲϵȻɭޱȣ
ţһâ͵Ĵī
ī̧־һȭâ֮ϡ
ȻΣȥ


1876 
ɿŵˣ˫ֱֲӸһѪ˲㶼ֱӻʹȥ
ʱ򣬴ǱֱӷɳһӰ
Ӱȥޱȵʣ£һĵš
ԷĲܸߴ󣬵ɢֲȴ൱ֲ
ͬһİһֱӶԳī֣ȫīŵǸˡ
īһֱֻ֣Ӵսûʹ߱졣
ֻһȭһȭĸԷԺ䡣
īһֻŵǸˣֱӱ˫ûȥ
գۼ䣬Ժ˼ʮ¡
˫˭ҲûκζԷȻǺĬģͬʱͣ֡
ԷʵӰУâɢȥ߳һСӡһǶ֮ǰīڻпǸСһ
벻ôǿҶԺôС㻹ƨɵС˵
īС㣬еˡԼ˶ں
ʲôƨ£ϹһͨɽСƨֱӺĿ
īʱһŵˣЩΪֵһӣЩù
ţīȴûн˸ӳȥȻ֪˲ࡣīȴ֪ˣһ궥Ĵҩ
ǿƼƷһ֣
Ҳ˵ȻǶԳī˵ҩҲ൱ǿ
ԣīŶǸСֱӵһЦȻ󣬽ˣԼĴռһӡ
С񣬶ʱޱɭīĿУвҡ
һɽѣˣôСôīЦ˵
ңҳϣһ꼫ƷҩСƨȻֱ˵ʵˣΪѾԷѾ˵ıʲôˡ˵ֻЦֲ
ŶһͨɽôīЦ
װɵСƨǳңΪռһԣ
̫˰ɣΪռһԣңīСƨг˲м
Сƨʱŭˣƨϴ̹Ѫųɴоŷ־һΪǵˣҺųˣĴ㣬ΪʲôͲ㣿ѵ㳤ĺÿû𣿻˵񣬾Ͳ㣿走ݺԪʲôҲģ
СƨðɵĿųīֱŭɶˡ
īǳ鴤ţȴòϣСе㱾µġȻܿԼϵ̹ѪʹС⵱治һܿġ
Щ飬˵Լĺܡī˵ҲԼʲô飬Ҫġ
СƨһмĿųī䣬κˡƿԼˣҲûκˣܹԤ֪ԼδҸռҲܸһŵĿܷˡΪһ˳ߣ㣬Ĵ꣬ΪҸռһԣ֪ԴҪռһԣȻ飿ˣ
īЦǺǵĿСƨӦ˵ˣ

СƨƢ൱ֱ꣬ƿڴּ飬ʵʵиѾǺûòΪȻҵ٩ңͲ£ΪⱨӦ𣿡
µġīЦЦЦݣڱУȴΪɶ
ߣǲΪĴĴϵǿˣǲǾã飬յ㣿ǲǾãѾѾô꣬ȻĴҲбʤģ
Сƨһ׳һѵ⣬ȻЦſеסĳīֱ˵㣬ˣشôĻôԱ֤㣬Զˡ̹һôţ󲻻ǡ
˵⣬СƨͻȻסڲȻųīһͷĵ𲻴ӦǸҩҡҲѸռһԡңԸܶ㲻֪顣
īСƨ̾ϢһȻ˵ҩȷǲңҲЩĵġ˵ʵӦûûе֡飬ΪҪܶĳ̶ȡ
ʲôСƨɫͻȻ仰ǳ𣬶һʡ
ī˵ףһԣǱռģԶطֻҪˣͱռΪ㵱Ӧ˵顣УЩ飬ҲҪ˵ġȻĻһܣֻԶڶǺܣ
īɫЩ仯Сƨиƶ˵ȴҿЩִڸ㹫ƽסţҩΪռһԣЩϢ㵱Ӧ˵Ǹ󣬾͵ڲҲˡ˵ǸˣǷһ顣飬ȴ㡭һֱҪģ
īն˵꣬ȻСк֪˵ģǶأǲأ
СкĬãȻֹһʲôˡųī˵ģ࣬ΪʲôôƻǲľһȺ֣
īһЦˣˣҲϷˡȻȥһ࣬ʵϣˡ

СƨֱӵڵϣһȻȻ޺ǶǴ󻵵̫ˣһöûУôԣôɰôȣΪʲôǶϲ۸ء
īǳ鴤ţСƨȻֱӴҳһ˹ȥˣˣǳԡ
ۣ
Сƨһǣü䣬ɫ÷ǳŹ֡ڻʲô廳ʲôڻһĵ̾Ϣ
Ȼҡһ䡣һ׺ͷ
һӣš
ۿոջڵϴ֣ĺţһ֪˶µ֣Ҳһ档
ǣǺö̾Ѿþõ£ûгǵζˡͺడǻˡ
˵ţԼҡҡͷȻųīҩˡ
īͷ֪
üЩӣƺҪŭգסûзΪ⣬һŵ
ˣעҪһƨɵСӣȻʿһԣһЩϢǸʿһǣôſԱԭģȻȻСƨߡֱ˸Ϊֹ
⿴ȥСֶ֮磬˺͸ˣⲢǶ硣ġ
Ҳ˵ĵǸˣռⷽϣҪǿ˵ģ
Щ飬ԼûƵɶԷȴ㵽ˣ

꣬˴λ̹ţ
˵ȥû˻šƥԵ˫͵񣬾Ȼⷽ棬˳ڵ
˵ʹȻʲô֪ʲô㵽ΪʲôҪ˵İţ
ʱ̹Ŷ˵һ񶼼µĻ


1877 ֻ
̹ŵʱ˵ȻԲ˵ƿأȻԷһУ̹Ÿ߱У
ǵģ߱У
ʲô̹Ե
ν̹ԵǱ֣
ѵԭǽ߱ģ
̹˵һУ޵ұն죻޵Ҿɱˣ޵ҽΣѵҪ¾ô
˵ʱ˵޵¾
̹ҡҡͷеģķ򣬸УʵЩһġʲô߸ϵĴڣһСʵеһУסνֻеġһ֡
ֻʲô˵ʱʵ
ֻأǷ򡣡̹ŵʱֻ˵仰Ȼ뿪ˡ
ûãʹ̹űĴƣȻ룬ֱѹϢ
Ϣڵʱ˵еʸ֪µ顣
֪֮ĵһӦǸͲţ
Ϊֱǳ
䣬˭ѹ̹ţ
Ҳ˵̹ݣûĸѹֻ˵̹ŵռ䣬Ҳ޳ҵģ
һڣñƵ
˵˵У࡭塣
û֮һ
̹ĻᱻѹһŵĴڣĴǰЬ䣡
£ڱСƨ֮¶벻ס
ڽ쿴īͻȻһӾǶһǳ׿ˡඥĸо
ˡ˵
ԭ̹ģķֻأ
磬޵ΪǿȻԻӵնȴû
Ϊͬǵƻ
ֹıԴһƻˣôҲͱˡԶʧ
ˣҸռһԡ˿ųīһ˵ĴʵһֱѰһ׮ԵǻԵǸֻйء˵䣬˭ƿֻأ˭͵ƿһУΪֹܹлȥƿֻص飬ֻһ
ī̾Ϣ̹ô
˵ͷҲûȥƿֻءãʺ°ɡ
ͬʺϡī˵
˿һۣͷȷʺϡǣ̫࣬ȻܳҲһ׮ˡ
īһ
ʼռ
ܾãܾá
ʱ㣬һǧ̹ȥˡ˲˫ۣųī񣬳졣
㲻ڹȥҲδֻһ
īü˵˼
ڹȥ⣬Ҳ˵̹ŴһꡣӦþǴӹ飬ȻӵŹѪ
δóīЩɻˡ
Ϊ֮ǰһսУۿһ³еѩ⣬һѡ
һڳīֳ߱նһ
Ǳˣ
³СīֱӶ˵顣
ˣֱҡͷǸ㡣
ܿ϶ֱƶĿδһ
ī˼ûδģ
ҡҡͷ˵ûδͻһ
ʲô˼īϣ¶ɻ󲻽֮ɫ
˿֮ǰӦþֻܶذɣǲÿһֻأ㶼øǿ󣿡
ī룬ͷû˵̹ŵĲá
˽˵ѵ㲻쳣ΪʲôֻѵĽΪ̹ŵİú룡ֻأԴŻԵˣֱӰ쵽ߵЩȫûֻعˣ
īӣ΢΢һݣüͷĸˡ
ȴ˵Ȼ󣬻һ£Ϊ̹Ĵ֮Ǹˣ澳ʿʼ࣡ûз֣ԼȴǳһĴڡǣܹȥֵЩĴвʵϣûĻЩĴʿҲδػ̹硣Ĵģʵǻ᲻ֵ죡ŵĳֻ֣صһЩ飬ܻǳʧȥơ⣬漰Ҹ˵ģҪõġ׮Ե
ⷬŵϢǳ޴󣬳īƶǶ
ҲԼ˵Щģʲ⡣ųīڰ֣̫ûиˣѾϰ˵һԹСƨ֡Ҵͷ˵ɡ
˵ţ˿ʼīġԴ
磬ʵԴԪ֮ǰʱȽϵһ
ϣΪȻҲǿĺޡ
ʵ̹ţӦǸ࣡
˵ţȻһ۳īǸʱ򣬻ʲôĴ磬ʲô壬ʱ飬ǳϡ١Žһ𣬱˴˼䶼ܣϵģҲǺܽܡ
һУһָάｵ֮󣬾ͷ˸ı䡣
һЩ壬ڽЩάں֮󣬷䣬Ǳøǿ󡣶ңҪԵľ̬䡣
Ǿˣ
īЩԾʵάѵǷ
˵ͷţֹ磬ǽ뵽һ޷뿪Ǿ취뵽ȻǺǻۣҪռͳ硣ԣֻܾܸε뵽
ʱһѡһЩǿ࣬ںϣں֮󣬻ΪˡȿӵӵѪǣֿʱЩǱúǿʱЩ۳ЩЩʵԱ֮Ϊ񡣡
ī⣬Щ£Ӱ춼Ǽġ磬ҲɱģܵһЩ
Щ˼άƯУʿ׽֮󣬾Щͷ
⣬ƾֻͨԱЩ˺ܶΡ
ЩǿˣĴ硣ǴӸ˵˺ͷں塣ԣǺ˵ǿǣʼҪ뷽跨Ľǿġǵ־Ҳǿġû˭塣
˵䣬嵽ΣʱķֱӿʼԤǣ˵һ񡣡
̹ţīˡ
˵ͷԣʵûν磬ûν磬ʼգֻһǾ̹š㡭ʵҲ̹ţֲȫԣȻҿ࡭Ҳֻǣ񡣡
īĬţûлӦΪԼ̹ţУŴ̹ŵѪõ̹ŵĴк;ҲΪԼ̹š
׼˵ӦǱҵУûйȥҲûδ˿ųīһ˵ֻڣ


1878 
̹ų֮߱У̹ŸԽЩ֮ȫɱȴ֣޵һɱܽġԣѡ˼ѡ˽һУʱ䡭Ҳ˵ЩʵЩС˵־ԣڸں֮󣬾ܻ˺ܶ࣬ͬҲʧȥ̫ǵıԡ
˵еˣŽᣬҲѪ塣ЩԭƷʡ˵˵ǻ裬ùҹһôڣѾûˡ
īĴе˴澳ʿҲΪȻĵͷ
Щ澳һ֣ɱ壬ô嵱ǼֲġѾˡ
ǼĴͬ޲ߡǵУʵҪһ飬ǻصԼԭǸ硣˵ɻѽѳֻȫһУл뿪
ǲѾУһ֣ʼ޷˿ųī
ֻأīʵ
˵ͷԣֻأ
īһֻأ
˵˵ǻֹֻͣأ˵ֹֻأ
ţī
ʮƽ˵ֻֻأе飬ղŻȻ磬ŻձһƬž󡭡ձһƬأȻ󡭡
īüֻлˣȻûеõѣ
˵ͷеˣûа취Լٵġȴûϵīһ䵭󣬱ޣôŻͳһŷֽҲûдڵļֵˡʱǱ˺Ǳջ١Ϳ˵ˡ
īҺˡ
ĴҪģǻ磬⻭ȻǾͿƾ豾ԴٻٴλصԼǸάˡҲֻǲŻĳһС˵
ī˵֮ǰ˵ǸάУƺҲߣ
˵ͷģҲ˵ЩǣʵһȺ׳աǳΣصԼǸ磬Ҫף
ҪͨջάҲءī˵أ
ȻסĿųī૵ԣǿ˵ĲЩ˵ִء
ǱҪֹ£ǻ硣һֹֻͣô磬ͳˡνϢҲһЦī˵
ʵˣȻռһ֣ȴǴźܴġ⣬Ҳ̹ҴĵĿġͨҵ죬һСȻδԼѡ񡣡˵ңѡ˳һδҲδǲܸıġ
ǶīЩЦĿˡ
󣬴ȴʹ컯ңλȻռ
Ϊʲôҽռ˵˵ʵϣǵĹȻһ롭˵ģٵģ϶ǻᱣһԵġռʵҲҪ֪Ǿûп뿪硣
ǻһĻīЩ档
ΪҴӲ˵ѡ˿ųī˵飬һƭˣˣռϣҴӲƭˣΪΪһˡ
֮ǰ˵Ǵ˼Ϳ⣿īˡ
˵ͷȻΪֲģʵЩķЩȻƻںϵļһǲֲĴڡΪӦüѾҲǵӰˡ
Ҳ˵ɱĴǳҲܽ⣿īˡ
˵ͷųī˵ʵĴŶӦ˵ΪңѾѡ˳ѾˡԸԶˡȻ˵һܼѵѡһ£ҪԶһŻ棬ָоҲһܡ
īͷ
˽˵ʣϽлʣǻҪѰҵ׮ԵõƿֻصķȻҪصԭǸ硣ʵǣǹؼҲûбҪȥ෴ǣĴͲᷢ޴ĻҡֻҪûо޴ĻңôЩڰеĹϷûа취ûʲôˡ
˼ǡҵЩڰеķȻɵǣīˡ
ҡҡͷҲǣΨһһ飬ʵǵȡ
ȣīü
ԣЩϵķԼ޷ˣȻ˵˿һ۳īȵΪԼѾƿһУѰҵֻصĸԴܡʱȻġ
᲻е㣬̫īˣȻųռκ飬ΪʲôռǵĴڣ
˿һ۳īΪҲеġ
⻰ʲô˼īʵ
ЦЦԺˡȥɣصǸ磬Ƭ½ϣԴͦḻģЩҲûʲô˼ˣñˡúý̹硣һ£͵ҸһҸˡ
˵īˡ
˵ʲô飬Ҫ̫ԭǵĶ
ʲô˼īˣһ·˽̫߳ԭǵĶˡ
Լĥȥɡ˰ڰ֣ٶ˵ʲô
Ȼָīһ̹ŵһЩ⣬һЩϵء
˵ī˵˺ܶīԭȫ֪Ҳ˽顣Щû˵
󣬳īҲֻܸ̾ĳãкôġ٣֪飬Ҳȱ˶̫ˡ
˵ľ棬īиеɻԼһЩ²⣬־ò̫ܡ˵жôԸһ鶼Լƿ֮СãԭʼķܹصôǰˣҲǰܵķڷ
ǵģǳۣ
īΨһ뵽ķҲֻгˡ
ɳ̫ΣֱӺݺݵֱӿ
ôȥȴδ顣
ԣīҲֻвϵһһȥ㣬ԵЩˡ
ԭ壬ȴġ
һǳ۽Ӵϵͳһ֣Ӧþǹ㷺ӦõŰˡĴ죬ͬҲġ
󣬳īȻûദһͷҲֻʱ·¡
˵һ죬ЩھԼѾȫƿȫֵʱԼͻˡ
󣬳īˣҵ˷޵ǡ
īҲûпֱ÷޵е½ϴ˴ĶԴ
̵ʱ򣬳īͷһۣǿʯϣ·ֿǸСƨӰӡһգۣһˡ
ۻˣīԳ


1879 ǿ
īȥԼһʮҵˣҲôáͨˣȴȷһ顣ǾǣĹ棬һ൱ǿˣ
ԸС֪
Ϊһֱѱ˵ҡӺССǸʱر
һЩǵĻСһ̫ǿ˵ˡۺûڳīû̫塣
佱ЦЦȻԼ˵ĶԣҾġţ㣡
ҲЦЦȻԼ˵ļֱƨͨҲŲģ
ǳī
һϷˣһֻɱпϵĽ飬ȴӲںˡ
ԣ˵һԣԳī˵ֻȷһ顣Ǿǣϵ·Ҳ࣬һСľͻˤͷ
ģ˵ﻰīû̫⡣
ʲôûйȥҲûδīͲͬҲͲţŲںأ
ûйȥǴʯͷĳʲô˵ӾԶĹȥ̹ǸʱŶûоûаɣôԶ飬֤ʲôʲôҵΪһɾ֣
ûδһţÿһ죬ǻڵµģÿһ졭ڱδģδȴԶȥˡֻе£һøġȥ
ԣʲôûδֻҪһţУҪˡȻûˣ
˵ôǵģң
ʲôŻ˭
īĲںܹĻӰĻĲӵнݳɾ߲͡ġ
ȻĴǱߵЩ顣
ңѾ˳˸̹ΪСڳīҲˣλҲǳ˳ǳԵ
ܺãӦΪ˸еҲŶԡ
ī뵽
ΪλǼ̹緢𹥻ҪΪСôһ죬µˣǣˣҲǣ
ʣµϽĴǵȻԼµĵˣ
ʲôɱҲûãɱǣϽУЩҪԼΪеˣһúõԼһģ
˵ŵЩ
˵ﻰӦǳīһ顣ʵϣҲǡǡǳīҪȥģ
Ϊû壡
еĵһֱһֱûκľٶôԼԶҲ֪˭ǡеһֻҪһֱֳôͲǣ
վˣԼˡôˮڱǣʲôµģ
˻ΪĿ־ͺ¶һ滹Ĵôᣡ
Ȼˣʲô
ԣһε칬֮УԳī˵壬Ǵõ˴Դ
ͬʱóī˲ǿҵľ֮ģ
ûīģǳۣҲڰеЩʲô
ȫ͸ˣ
ڳīУӦþһ࣬Ѫһ֡óīеɻǣ˵ϣܵĸģȴĳ۵ָо
ִķ
˵гīСľһЩīСġˣ
Ǹո뿪ʱۻƵģٴοǸСƨӰӡóī޴ľס־Ķʿۻ
ȻǲġĿҲûУ
ô˵Ӱ죬С⣬ʵһ־һ־ʿֱӵһ־ʾ
޵мīƺ˼ʲôҲûд
սϢĻУٶ൱֮죡
īս棬ʼĬĬȥһЩ顣󣬵ǵսɵĽӿԽ޾գڻص̹ʱ򣬳īڴӲϵݵſ˫ۣȻϣ¶һ˿Цݡ
ڣţδĸ㣡
õµÿһ죬ʤ
һΣȺ˵Ĺܵ˵һӭǵ֪һδЩԴ֮ȫˡ
ħЩˣҲʾԼ𾪣Ƕû뵽޵֧ӣȻԴôԴȻ칬õЩԴǸҲ˸е𺳺;ȵġ
󣬳īٴ뿪˼ǧ̹ʱ䣬Ǿ֧飬ȫ˻
֧飬ԭǧʿȵȫʱ򣬾ֻʣڶˡ
ȥˣԶ˺յУΪ̹࣬Լ
ī̹ı½֮ϣֱһֱͨʵı棬Կÿһߵ֡Ѻͺˣҵڹĺۼ
ᱮ࣡
īϴӳ֣
Żڶʿÿһǿսʿ
ܺܶ˲ûнǸ磬ÿһˣõ˾޴Ľ
ζսЩˣһӵ൱ǿս
īڵһʱ䣬ó۽Щ˰ȥɢ̹ÿһȥȻȺһ̹һٶĽ
ī˺ܳʱ䣬Щ̸һīȡ˺ܶϢ˵Ļ໥ӡ֤֮󡣸óīȷһ¡˵ȷģ
󣬳īۣеԼǰ
磬ңѾһ࣬Ѿ˵񡣶Ǵﵽ⣬һˣ
īһģЩ꣬ĽЩϵͳơȻһѷЩϵͳֻҪ漰رش飬۾豾Թȥ
ԣЩ۵ıһֱɡһȺһҲѾ뵽嵱ˡ
īųۣ¶ЦݣСۣһΡѾʶܶ˰ɣ
ǰܶˡ̹㡭Ǿ̫ˣ۵¶һ˿ЦݣȻЩֵĿųīʲôôƽɲôпʱ򡣡
īЦҡҡͷȻ˵ûʲô££벻
һ˫գųīȻȻһЦðǸ˵˵
˵ţֱߵһԣʼˮҪΪīݲ衣
Ķֹȴʮţ飬һر𰲾ĸоǳ
ǰʱ䣬ȥҷүүʱȥһطǵطˣԳ칬ī˵ȻҼһ˵ˡ
ī˵ʱ򣬲ûȥ۵ķӦ
Ҳֵ൱ȻһСĵװ裬һ˵֣Īһռʿ
ţռжǿ˵㹻ã֪ܶ顣īҲʮ˵
Ȼأʱ򽫿˵ˮϴ衣
ʵϣ־磬ȵĲ裬ļƷҶҲҪȥϴˮҲһͷ顣ȴϲȻԭʼķʽȥÿһ
Ȼң˵ϣźܶǿķڰУ磬ͽŪġī˵


1880 ۵ķ
ʱ̧ͷһ۳īȻ˵£ҼǵҺǺ˵أ
īЦЦǰǸ˵еķҪصԼڵǸġ
ҡҡͷҾͲȥѾȫϰһࡣ
˵ţ̧ͷųī磬ں֮ܶ磬֮ڻ硣뵽磬ֻһƽķʽţǵöѹԣǻȥ״̬
˵⣬΢΢һЦʵ뷨ƶϣô˵أҲ˵Ǿʹˡһʼ϶ǲϰߵġΪ˫Ĵڷʽž޴𡣿һʣϰߡ룬ϣóϰߵ飬Ӧǡκεط̵ʱ䣬ȥϰΧĻһ㣬ΪʱҶе㲻⡣ڳԺҾˡȷġ
۽˵ڴеǸʱʵ֪ԼǷԣǸʱ򣬲֣Ϊκǻ۵壬ҪŪһ顣
īͷġ
ǵģҪȥʵûôҪΪһֱѵļ䣬ȥĸνǲܱļ䣬ȥʲôϵ
΢Цţīϲ裬Ȼ˵ģǺŪһ顣˸֮һڲϵҡҪ֪ģô࣬϶ûģȴû뵽ԼϣȻᷢôصı죬в˸硣ø
ī̲סЦ
ҲЦЩп˵֪ԼԺηҵʱȴͻȻ䷢֣֪ԼԺη֮󣬲ûرǿҵҪȥĸоָо²ϱøڲϵı䵭Ѿûˡ˵ʣôһ㣬࣬Ҳֻ˵ǶǸĺ档Ϊ˵磬ļ԰Ǹ磬ֻҵĳء
ЩĿųī˵ϣĴܹвķǸ˵ҡҾӦһ
īͷ뿪Ǹۣ˵ǻģ
ǸۿеǣӦþ˿˵ЩһֱڰУĬĬǲַ
ЩûѡںϣҲûѡ仯档ԣֱ죬Ȼԭʼ̬ǶвȻܴ󡣡ۿųī˵ЩʵҲһֱо飬Ѿһɹˡ֮ǰһֱûжԸ˵ҲûóΪЩ¡
˺Լͬ壿īʵ
۵ͷȷֹǣǷĵģߺս̫ˣħǰƮŮۡЩˣ̫ǿˡȻǲңҲͦġʵܸоǵĹرͬҡ
īЦЦ
ۺУıʣһߵȼķǻ۵ĳ̶ȣҪ̫̫߳ࡣеĳ̶ȣҲ൱ߵġ
ԣ˶Դܸ֪һġ
۽˵ҺⶫóֱӱɱзһҪ
īͷȻ˵£һעһ¡ʵҲӦܿǲǶôɱǶԵ˵̬ȣȴޱǿӲġһ㣬̹ķˡ
ţҿóһЦһǾⶫֻһˡʹԼһķңֱӲǵǿȣ
ֶīЩȵĿųۡ벻ڲ쵱УѾô׼
۵ͷҪǰһЩ׼ȻĻһһЩķͻȻĹ뵽硣ʱҪæң
īųۣ̲סЦѽһˡ
һЦǸߵİˣ
󣬳ֱӽһīСҽ̻˳īӦʹáܿ죬īֱӾѧ÷Ȼ΢ĳһ¡
ʶУֱӳһž޴ĵͼһĶ棬˺ܶıǡȻóȻЩǿ
ɫͼŵͼ棬飬ֱ
Щʵǳ޾£̹統УµЩϵͳص㡣ΪЩĴڣʹ̹磬ͬһεĴóߣ̵ʱ䣬֪е飡Ҳߵ̵ʱ䣬ݵӴ̹ÿһ䡣
ⶫֱ̫ˣ
̹е飬оųɾšһҲûа취Էͨ÷Ĺܵϵͳͨ磬ǿԾĽ
ЩĲϷչֽһʼ֣Ѿ˿ֱӿԷ
Ƿ磬磬ٱ
Щ¼̹Щǣ֪֮ҲȫЩˣȲҪӵԼŰһĶԵĽȥ룬磬Ҳ뵽Щ統УҪ̹籾Щ彻ѣҪͨҪһ̸̸̸롢Ҫ֮ͨͬ˼ײµĹĹ˼
ԣˣ
ǵ棬ļֻֻз绨ѩЩ
Ҫ󣬳۵Ȼܾ
ԣֱ÷磬ͨеĴ硣
һٶ˴磬̹籾Ѿͨ磬׸ˡЩǶ˷ܡԭЩ֣̿һ㶼ûˡЦŶԳī˵ˣߣ˺ֲܶվѵˣڷиֱݡһǮϵͳ֪֪ÿһ쾭磬Щвյ˵Ľж٣
īһ͵ĿųۣȻɨһԼʶӴķܵ磺ڶ浽̶ֳˣ
ǰȻˣսҪ򣬵ҲҪ֪ܵ磬ǳϣһ磡һ磡һ˷˵һ׼ЩǮңֱӸʵԽӡȻ׼̹Щ罨ǮׯЩǮׯҲԽӡʱһ̹ߣֱӻǮһ˵ˣȻ󡭡˲Ϳյ
ĿƵĿųīѾ׽ƫˣ磬֪Щ磬ֱ̫ˣĴ쵽ڣҪȡԴȻǿ˰֣Բĵط̫ˡң˲ĸԸġֻҪмȡһѣһϢ֣
īһ˷ܵĳۣǳ˳顣˵˭ó˵ⷽ棬ǡ̫ˣ
˵£λɩɩдСкܶˡǶܾͨȸóˣǶѾоҪʲôԺ󲻹ʲô飬ֻҪͨǷܵ磬ǾͿԴмȡһķáһ̹ʱ䣬ǾͿԵõ̹γʱеԴ


1881 
ī˶׾ˣ˼ĿųۣǡܶԴǲİ
ۿųī磬ɵ𣿲ԴȻܶ࣬ȴͨ̽ð޵ϽǳȥһȻЩԴǮ򰡣ǮĻҰȻǻпԴ֪ж֪ʿжЩóԴˣֱ಻ʤ
īϲĳۣǿ˲ӣȻЩˡⷽ棬ĲóĶ
̲סЦ˵ЩѽͱˡӪһûе˵ĻǾͻ㿴һĴǧ磡
仰óīвǿҵ𺳡ĬĬɨһ۾ʶУŵͼ棬Щǿȼ
ǿǸǰءɫģ
Ҳ˵ۣǷУΪһڣ
ȫûжԳīԼǿʵΣƺͦΣյģΪȻƿľΣ𣿲һ㶼ΣաΪǳīã
ԣ뵽⣬īϣ¶һ˿Цݡųۣһ˵ǷĵķչþͺãһӪһûе˵Ĵ󻷾
һε̸óīõ̫ĸ
ϣҲóġ˻Ҫͨģûнһ̸֪ԭ壬ûʮܹԭһֱǶŬΪĬĬĸš
ճ۵ּ㣬̹ľãȻڶʱڣ϶ǲĴġò˶ãͻȫϣ׳Խǣ
Ȼ̵УԼħǣȻԴǱߣȡ棡
֮ǰɱôʿˣҲӦһˡ
£ī֮ǰһֱûᣬУȴδǹ
ӳīһȥȫͬ·
ʵϣһСҲã޽̹ҲáվǿģǸԵľʵ
˵ֻҪʵǿǿߣ
ûԴôܵʲôʱ㶼ģ
ǿôģǮѳģ
䣬ī֣һֱӺֱײ˳һ·ˣʵࡣ
ܹߵʿı󣬱Ȼһ֧šȻĻ츳׿Ŷ಻ʤΪʲôվڶ˵ˣȴûôࣿ
ֻҪۺԴ̹磬ڷŬ壬һܹĻԻͣ
ӳ۹ܵķͿԿ̹磬ķΧ൱֮áȻѾʼЩԳΪˡ֮ǰī붼ûġ
гģָʽȻЩк׷Ķϣīȴһֶ䡣Ϊֻ̫ƽʢָܴƽĳ
˻ϣһζҪġȻһ硣ɻţҲҪ֣ҪǲҪ˵Щ飬ܸ̹磬޴ĺô
īѾڿǣڽҪַܳ磬Ĵ̿
ȻֶͨΣǱ߾ȡ޴棡
һĻԷֶΣӡԵõľ޴棬һܹǱĬġĴЩ壬и˽֮󡭡޴ͬ
ҪΪ׼򣬱Ϊ׼
⽫һḶ́īеʱ䡣ڣҪȴ˵
ϽˣǱ߿ţ
ţīų˵һΣҪȥ죬һȥ
΢΢һųīȻīΪʲôҪһսеˡ
īЦſųۣãһǿ
ЩֵĿųī硭ô˵
īһЦҪ࣬ġ
Щ׵ĿųīȻ㲻īָʲô
īųۣ벻ķ磬赽Ĵ죿Ȼ󣬽졭ַʽ׵ͨ
˶סˣųīЩŵʵ𣿸磿ھͿ𣿡
ȻԣаգܽЩȫ𣿡īʵ
Ȼó鰡ۿųīһ˷ܵĵսԸ˵ͬԷˮһ򵥣飬˵Ҳֵ鰡
Щɿ𣿡īʳһȽϹĵʵųۣҪףǿķȻֻһô㹹ܳķ磬᲻ᱻأ
ۺŵҡҡͷȻˣҴЩҵһ֣ǾңҾǣԦǣ˵ԦԼֺͽţԦԼһȫκεӰ졣ȻҪܹܳͨķ磬ڵʵЩǷȱҪԴΡЩ⣡
Դ⡣īͷųۣҲ˵㴴ķֻܱʹķܶ߼޷Ԧģ𣿡
۵ͷ٣ϣַһάУǲǴַҾͲ֪ˡ磬Щ໥ɣ߼Ҳûа취ҵķʲôͬҲûа취ǵķȥ¡ȻƺûôȽ˼롣Ҳûйַܳ
ۿųīʵ⣬ڣϣûͨƸ˼άһͬһķʵҵ˼άһ֡ķǿҲֱӿҵ˼άΪѾķ֮һˡ
ǾͺáīͷȻʵûпܡֱӽ㹹ܺõķƻ
ҡҡͷܳ磬εġˡȻĻûа취ƻġ
ˣīһȻų۵ô֮ǰΪʲôû˵
һ޹ĿųīҲûʹһֱӰǰʱλɩɩ죬ǻ˵Ѿܶûпˡ
īҪĸоԼԼˣȷкܴǷġܹȥǡ
ôȥԼЩҲѾѾϰҳҲѾ֦ɢҶĳ壬ɲǸССһĴˡ
ԼЩīһ˵һĴڡ
룬ͻȻûͦǷǵġ
ۿųīȻ˵磬һ֮ǰǳʱ䣬ǽɡǶţܹ㽲ʵҲڣˣϣ㿪̳ġÿһ㽲ǶȫµĶ
īͷãǾͽ


1882 ʱڱ
óīЩû뵽ǣֱڳڲը˹
ܣڹȥҲִܻӭ飬ûܾܾīǸʱΪҶͬһֵˣкܶǳЩûгɳء
ԣֵû֡
ڣʱͬˣĺҲѾˡȻи̹еɳϷռȺ˵Ļ飬ǳīܹġ
Ϊ̹ߣƽҲЩЩҲȫܵǰ
һΣ˵ҪȣڳڲУֱӳըˡóīһۣī֮󣬶̲סЦЩСӣǸһˣȫͬˡ
˼άʽһ˵ЩԣҲ˾޴ı仯
Ҫˣ
ʲôҶ٣ǧƭҡ
ܵܣ಻ƭģ
¥ϵĺ˵˵ѧԺʱ򣬾ѧϰˡʦҪļҳ
ǺգҵļҳڰʦҼ𣿡
Ҫ˵ȺӵСƨӣﶪ۰ǶӵܣҪ֡
ڽָƨ
ǾǣҴӳڣûһأֻ񡢵񡭡ţ˵ر˧
ǰڶˣ˼ҳú˧ĺðɣҿ˶ˮأ
¥Ϲǲӳˣûʲôˮ
īЩϢ˶ЩҡȻԵ꣺ЩӡǼҵ
ЦЦ˵ǵĺ˵ĺôûоԼˣ
ûУȺСӣͻȻеоˡīӣ¶һ˿Ц
ˮ߹īͷ׷ͷڻ𣿹ȥͷ׷úӢڿֻᡣʲôʱܳװأ
Ҳ߹ųīһֱۣ㻹ǵõ˵Ļ𣿡
īͷȻǵãʱ˵һǳװȻҾʹǣһɽˮĵطÿûµʱ򣬾͵㣬ֲݣȻһȲ졣
ǰȻ˳ˮ˵
ʱ򣬳īͷʼķһЩ仯һͷ׷Ѿˡÿһͷ˵˴ĺۼҪڣԳī˵ȻѡȴЩᡣ
ȻӵԸȻܾ
תۼ䣬īͷ׷صһͷڷ
ˮУţ˧ˣ
Ҹоֻصĸо
īŮڻҸ̸˲٣˼·ҲһЩת䣬սֻһֶΣȴȫֶΡЩ뷨ϿһȴĸоǺܲ
֪ѽ꿴ųīЦ˵Щ꣬û¾һۣЩ뷨Ѿ̸ˡһҲ൱Ȥ
īЦ϶ˣ˽ʱ򣬾һϰ
Ů̲סЦˮ˵һ˵¿¥أȻ÷һƮ칬Щã˵֮󣬶ʾҪһɡ
īһͷߣˮǶȱǮô
Ȼȱˮ˵̹綼ǵģôȱǮ
ΪʲôôȤīʾ⡣
˵ҵϵ飬ûжȤġһǣǺϲġƮ칬еЩŮˣкܶ඼ǴСͳнģѵҲϲ
ˣ֪ɱɱЩûȤҲǶŮ˰ǵݵλ̫ˡƽﲻߵģžšָоȻʱ䳤ˣͻеˡ˵ˣͷ꣬Ƕ÷ȥˮһ˷ܵ˵ʱ򣬾ͿȥһоˡһҲܲ
˵𣿡īһԼӡΪҲһ۾Ź⣬ȻҲĶѡ
ʵҲ˵ġˮһĿųī԰Ҳʵ˭밲أЩûϢȴ֪жˣжĽЩˡ
ôī΢΢ü
ˮ׳īΪʲôüЦ˵塭ʵһܸӵ壬Ӧ˵ӵˡõķϲܣɥ־ʵܵġ
Ŷīˮ
ˮ˵Ϊˣϲְܵеһ͵Ĵˣ
ī΢΢һ漴Цѡ˵ԼʵҲǱƵģһߵ졣
ʵϲܣϲõӦĹͬԡ㿴Щǣϲʱ򣬰ԼʰƯƯġ΢Ц˵ԣֲ⡣ڣеǣ̫ϲܣ̫ǿʵġ룬ѪԣѾ˵Լѽ
ˮһ˵ЩЩ飬ʵ˶֪̹緢չʲôӡЩֵĶֱ̫ˣɵҪʱ򣬷ѵʲô𣿵һʿ˻ܾ𣿡
īϸ룬
ԣһУãдڵģʵмֵġҲϣҪ˾¾飬Ȩһٶ˴磬뵽̹磬Ƕǳˡˮ˵ȻЩĵˣҲϣĴЩҪƻõˣӦ
ԣҲôġһ˵
īͷͻȻָоԼȷǸ˹̫ͨ١
ЩţʱҲڱ䣡
ԼֻޱȺ۵ִ仯ȴǺߵЩС仯ʵϣûЩߵС仯ϻۣĺ۵Ĵ仯أ
ԲЩ꣬Ҷڹػֻŷչīλӵ֣һ˵
ˮȴһۣųī֡ǸЩ꣬Ƿһ֧šǵ̹磬ֺ־ľޱ䣿
ˮͷʵǿˣʲô˵˵˵öˣҲҪȥҸãܵʲôʱ򣬶ַ֧ˡ
īЦţһ˫У˸һĨľӨ
ʲôҸǰɣ
û˲ʲôĴһ̣īĺܳ׵Ҹֵĺ塣
պʮ죬īն𣬿̳
һνԵģʮϵӵܣ
һνӰȴŷ磬˲ɢˡ̹磡
һٶ˵Ĵ磬ˡ


1883 ̳
ʲôӽˣšףӵͷôˣˣҷˣҷ֡ͷ˵ĹӸ˧ˣҰϹˣôѽ
¥ϵҸ㽲һƮ칬һȺյĹ°ɡ
¥ϵıϹ˵ӸƮ칬Щϴ֮䣬飡
Ǻգ˺Ů֮䣬ô
ιιι¥ˣ˵ǹӿ̳
¥ϵϴϴ˯ɣӿ̳Եʮĳ壬ҵƨʸȥ
ĽЩ˰һѵѵѵѡȿȣʶһӵܡǰ죬ǰ죬˼ֱӻʮˡ˵ҪڽӦҵѵѵѵѣ˵ʱ򣬻ĵø
Ľ¥ϵѵѵѵѡ¶ʲôϵϴϴ˯ɡ
̹Ŵķ棬ը˹
ҿ۲µķ㹻ǿֲֿܹȻĻǱɡ
Ϊһٶ磬ֱӼ
Ľ壬ģôõߡ
ĺˣһ졣ȥҲõãҰ
֮ǰܶ˵ǵ͵飬ڲףЩ˺˵˵ֱ̫ˣð
ڷ壬к̹ܶǻ֮䣬ѾںˡȻ˴˼żΪһЩ鳳ܣԼҲʡ
˵ȴǷǳгġ
һԷǳǿ壬ȻͬңǿҡͬһŰݵģֻҪԷǴŶǰô˵ǺԸǵġ
ϣкܶγī̳
һͷ澳ͻֱӷһԼӰһͷ޴ͻһǳһݺᡣֱ£
ͷ澳Ĵϻ̹ķУҲһǡᷢӰϲ˲
һΣӰȴīʾãʾԼ꣬ڵõ̤硣ҪЧһ磬Ϊ̹顣ֻҪһξԸ뵽̹žУ
ԭֻϻûָõӦѾȥˣ̹統еĴ澳飬Ҳʼͬһð
ԴԽԽḻϸϵơһţҪ澳磬һ˵ʮңԲˡ
УܹһЩϴڽĻộø̣
Щ츳ľ콾ֱ꣬ӳ
ȻϵгʿȥԼһ·澳飬ۺʵ棬ŲСĲࡣ
ٶȣҲ˸еˣ
ܿ죬ԴϻëԼ巢ˣȻ˻Ӧ
Ӧһγ׵̹磡
ʹӣ˵ʮ콲֮󣬻ή̹磬̹磬̳ˣ뿪Լڵĵطӻͨ磬ȫֱν̡ĵȴʿԸܿʵˡ
ִ׺Ļظ˲ըˡ˶ΪظޣȸԾ˷ܲѡ
ֻ澳ĴϻҲֱӾȥ̹žıȥˣ
ϻ飬̹Укܶࡣ
ȥǺܶ඼óī߸ϣһoȻзǳ𾴳īȴ˫֮ľ롭ʵ̫ңԶˡ
־룬֮ľ롣
ڣǺȻã־ûˣ
һӾʧˣ
ԭӣҲڹעŷģҲڹעǵģ
ǵ󣬹ӾȻֱӸ˴𸴣
ָоֱ̫˸жˣ
īΪһٶ̹壬ٴһ޴̨ס
ߵʢһٶ˴еżˡ
ҲҪīңǶЩͨҪֳһĹӣȻֳ
ЩĽǣ߷
ûãߣֱӴӦ
ÿһ磬ԸһڸһڸɲѵġΪ·;ңԶҪմС
˵ȱģǮԴЩˡԣҪһʲôңһڸôһ磬Ƶ顣ֻһڣ㲻ǡ
ԣƵûа취ЩǣֻøҪȻմ޽ҪһԴڸߵķãֱӷʮ
ī֪֮󣬶һ
ˮǵۺƮ칬һȺŮ̶ļ۸񣬳īѾЩզˡ̫˵㣬᲻˾̫ˡû뵽ǣ˼ҸͲںһǮֱӸʮļ۸ֻܶһ
ī꽫һٶ˰һ룬һΡܾȫˣɱĻ˵Щ練ǣ
Щ硭ȻôǮīˮһ𺳡
ǵĸԣ̶ȣȫǵ󡣡ˮ̾Ϣ֮ǰֻ֪ЩܸУȴû뵽ǾȻḻе̶ֳȡ
һ磬һ޽Ĵ棬δ಻ʤЩУָĶԴҲ˵Щ硭ʵԣĵز
ַＯԴչ̹磬ûκ˻ܾˮЦ˵
īҲֻܷ
ʮꡣ
ʱ䣬ʮ죬ûκȱϯ
ں飬ħϡƮŮЩĶڡǶĬĬųīȻ󲻶ϵӡ֤Լĵ
˵Ƕջ޴
ջģҪЩǡǶѧԺгɳһʿУѧϰģǾʿľȴûĸʦī̶׶ĵ
īѾĵ֮
Ĵ
ԼЩʮеЩīûа˽
ĺ棬Ҳʵʣ˵һڵСӣ˵õ޴ջ
֮ʮͻƵ˲
ֵ˲ٴ澳ʿ
󣬳īûֱͣǰ̹Ŵ½ֱӿٳһһС硣
Ǳ߾ȡÿһ磬õʮ˵ȻȻʿеΪ̫١Ѿܳܵļˡ
֪ЩӸǣһ룬ʵҪһΨһģ
ǵУа˳ϣǸе壡
ҪڳīȻͻƵˣʵǳ٣࡭ֻռɶѡ
һ룬ֱ˶ˡ


1884 
һʮˣһٶ磬һǧˡЩǽԴ̹磬˳˳ķչʮ꣡
⣬Щ˵Ͳʲô
ֽīˮ˵һ䣺Ժ󡭡Щйص飬ɡ
ˮҲŵˣףȥһ϶ᴫ
ңڶԳۼҪ̹Ǯׯ˾޴ģ
īһνܴ룬ô鼰̹һٶǮׯ񲻸ǸǮһ
ǮׯֶΣǶѾһ׳͵ķһٶĴ磬Ϳ̹ķչֱӼӿǧ꣡
찡С֪µħ̲סһ𾪡
С̲סһۣЩˣ֪Щʲô
ħͷһֱġڲ֪ԭûôֶΡ
СЩģҲƮ칬Ⱥһڣʲô飬ǵһ֪ġңСΪݵλߣƮ칬УҲ漶ʹĺܶҲǳӡ
ǮׯҲ˺ܶ๹룬д󲿷֣õ֧֡СַǳҸĸо
˻ţ˭Ҫڸеġ
СħǶǿˣûǣַֺ̹أ
ţ˵ǣһٶ磬һʼԼЩǣ֮󣬻᲻ǳһЩҪ鷳˵һЩ췴ǵôħٺЦԼǰ˫ħҲǸú
СħһۣЦеʵǻҪЩеǶɱذɣȻԴһգ
ħ̾˿ʵҲûôصɱԣ࣬ı̬ȷҲеġ룬īܹߵ죬ܹӵֳɾͣػǷֲġڱУīһ·ƺɱԺǿʵУĴΣǱ˱Ƶǽǣ־ֻʣһǾĵƿȫֵʱػҲֳˡͨЩ̫Ϲ棬Ǻ̹翪֮Щ飬ʵǣʴȡ
ǰī⺢ӣǷһһˣᵽīСͬп
̨ҹҹҪÿһһ뵽ûܸħԸľʹޱȡǣҧҲҪ
СͬǸܾǿˣҲҪԼ˵Ļ
ȻĻǾͼǿĻţ
ˣصƿ
Ǹʱһֱ죬һеľ˵ľ͸һһ̫λˣ
ħͷ⺢ӣһĽ
СЦ˵Ľʸ񣬽һӣ
ħ̲סЦЦУ
죬ипˣֺֹħأ
īߵЩˣĸָпģ
īߵѣ컹ڵЩκһпǧ
ߴɵ
֮ǰ˭û뵽ɵһ·ųīߵ졣
û˸ҹдɵˡʵϣʼգڸߴɵĿУôˣҲֻһ
Ǿǳī
ĸߴɵһʵĴʿ˳Ϊ棡
ҲǰѾȢӡҲѾ֦ɢҶ鲼ʮ졣ҲͬΧԱ
ЩѣɽЩѣЩѡ
̫ˣ
īһҾ֣ǣһ·˷ˣδ֪ǰǰС·Զûյ㣡
еķˣҾֵ档
翹У֪ˣʹƣǷڹûм޸ī
Ƶʱôشġ
˵飬˵Ϊһѣܹһֱ׷ڳīߣһ·ǰУôʵѾ޺ˣ
ƾûкڣǲǺڣĺ˵
٣Լ˵Ϊһѣܹڳīߣһ·ߵ죬ʶ̫ȥ붼û飬Ҳһ޺޻ڵˡ
ħŮҶ࣬Щˣͬеܽ
ЩȫʮϣΪһԱ
˵Ѿ㹻ˣ
ī̹űϿʼһΣΪԵ̹Ŵϵ顣̫飬ӿ뵽
ԣ￪ٳĵֱӴޱȣͬһƬһ
ǧڵ飬ΪǵѾˡɸ̹Ƿ֡ԼҲǲ׺һڰˣ
ʲô
ֱ̫Сˣ
ֻ࣬ƬǿУռһ֮ء
ңЩ̹ŴǣҪκηãͿЩǣкĽȴûκεĲƽоΪⱾӦ飡
ǵ棬оܽΪǿۿŵ飡
ͳһ㣬Ѿֵˡ
һΣīûʮ콲ôϸˡǳīжôص˽ģҪֳһصġ
ľҲ൱֮ͨǰĲãīһνֱֱ̹ͬÿһ䣡
ңԶЩ磬Ҳͬڵһʱ䣬ī
̹磬ֱˣ
˻ǵһΣīӰЩ飬һϡڹģ
īһνꡣ
˵ֵʱǣȫ¶˲֮ɫ
Ĺ̵Укܶˣֱͻƣīǻ˾޴Ķ򣡵ǶǿеѹûеһʱѡͻơΪǻҪģ
һν֮󣬼׵߸ԭ˶ӡһָоҲǧǵȫʧˡǧڵˣЩˣ
ī֮ǰû뵽һξȻֺô
ν֮󣬳īصʮ죬ûټȥע飬׼ٴγˡ
ǰǰ󣬽꣬ԳīԼ˵Ҳһμ
ͬʱ磬ЩǵĸֹҲóīܵ˺ܴĳͬһεĸܵԭߵЩˣԼУҪ㡣ͬʱҲԼȻѾ񣬿ҲȻкܶ飬ǲóģ
Щ򣬶սľ磬ûرԲȴŲ˼ľ޴á
īܹоԼȻûмսҲû̫仯ˣȴȥ˺ܴĲ֮ͬ
˳һ죬īһû˹ȥֵǡ
ƺһӣߵЩ˼ģԼڣҲĺܺãҲס̹ˡ
ȻЩ˵УҲһ顣
Ҫ


1885 Ժ
˵֣̹˵һˣ
ҾǶǸˣҲҪҷǳҪ
ⲻǳīԼǫ飬һʵһξȻֺ̹䶯ȫԸоҪԡ
һˣ׵һ嫴磬Ϊ֮
˭˵ˡǲҪǸ
ħȺˣһΣȻųīһȥīܾˡ
һħȥǴһֲҲûоȥһСˡжٴ澳ʿΪʲôûнħȺ˷ˡ
һĴ澳ʿ˵һ˻Ʋ֡
û뵽һСˣֱӸһ׽죡
󣬾òԵŷֳһҪȺȫû뵽ǣȻħǸˡ
ȻĴۺܴ󣬵˵һβ۲۵ʧܣ
ԣУħȺ˿϶Ǻ޼ˣ޼Ҳ޴ľ裡
һΣħٶȽ뵽ĻīԱ֤϶ڵһʱ䣬⵽˵ֱɱ
ħȺԼҲģȻη塣
ʦηǾͲҪˡϴ˼ԳΣֵͽȥˡīЦĿħһߵļӶûСҲֻǰīֵܱˡ
ħųī˵һҪһ
еȫ̲סЦ
һΣǱߵĲ𺳵ȺӵҶ·𿴼һĴԼǰ
īͷİʦ˵ҲôġңţԺ󽫻ԽԽˣҪ̹硣죬һ죬ɵһ죡
ħˣȫͷҸī֤϶Ѽҿãüһӡ
󣬳īۻӱˣֱ·
·ϣֲ˴ķΪתΪĴ̵棬ͬҲóīڵһʱ䣬֪̹з飡
ֱ̫ˣֶΣͨˣī̲סп
ڹȥޱңԶĻ棬Ҫ֪̹緢ʲôҪķѾ޴ķңҲֻ֪һϵơ˵Ƿе˹뵽̹֮ġ
һ㷨ҪģֱӾͿ֪Ǳ߷飡
ңϸ΢ģ
ī뿴̹һ䷢ʲôȫû⣡
ͬһŰĶܣȴŰȫ֮
˳˵һ䣬꿪ŰޱͽˣڸеЩŰĿҲ˴Ľ顣
īС̹Ǳ߷飬ЩĸֻԾ̲סп磡
˵ʵ飬кܶءһУҪֲ֧С
īĿһ۳ۣʲôʱҶֵ֧ģ
ȻһЦ֪ģ
˵ţҲһĿųīΪʵĿеЩ룬ҲģһᾡһܣڰеЩ飬ȫҳܹвǵЩڣȫ
īͷ
īųۣ¼еղǰһΣȴһ㶼įġΪīʱضԹע淢Щ顣ʱĸˮͨ
ǿƼۿųī˵ƼߣҿȫͻߡǿԲǰ໥ӡ֤֪Ϊʲôôϲ署ôΪҿͨ署õУǵĿƼøƣ
īͷʱ䣬ϵͨԴԼ⣬ʵǿƼһֽϣڹȥΪĳҪĻǺѵһ顣򵥵ֶΣͬ࣡
⣬ĳۿҲǺѽܵһ顣Խǽӽ࣬Խ
ν壬ڳۿǺ˵˵
졣
칬С
סûȷ׵ġ
Ϊԭλϣ˿һˡ˴һɫŶ̷ͷܹȥǳš
˵һ˫ۺر۾̲޾֣
էһȥʲôԽԽ˾ÿ¡ΪЩ֣޾һᣬͻһҪеĸо
ᶢ۾ȥ
˫۾֮⣬˵ĳֻͨݡ
ϣҲʲô˵ȴֱӣҲǿƣݵĴڣһ㶼
ĺ޴˺ָ
ǣ£Щˡȫûзͷˡ
˿һЩ˼顣Ĵ֮һ֮ڣĽĴڣΪʲôҪһ
ǵѾӰ쵽ȫˡ֮ǰĺ಼ܶá桭ǰ¶ˣ飬൱˵˵
壬΢΢һȻ̧ͷ˵¡ͷϰɣ
ЦЦ˽ģȥ˼뵽磬õǰ¶ô
ָƺϿɣҲûзת˻⣬ʵ治Ǹ˵ߣһ壿
ǲ壬ѾʧЧˡ˵ʱһ˫УֿʼĹƺóҲЩȶ
ʧЧˣôܣ䡭˭öķʧЧȫţüͷ
˵ʧЧǡˡ
죿ɫУǿҵĲ⡣
˵ңһ
˻
̲סһˣô
ֻ˵ֶΣĪ⡣ǵȷǿЩνʼ磺ͬʱĶȾ̫ǿҲûʲô˲ãԭһӡ˵һһķЩϧǻʧ𡣵ңǱߣЩ鷳
ʵԺǱߡҪô
˳Ĭһ£ȻЦЦ㵹ϣԺǶְɣ
ҡҡͷϣ
ŶΪʲô֪Լǰ˵ѣЩ档
Ϊңλ˳ڸϽ˾޴鷳˵Ӧú
˵ΪǶһġ
ˣ̲סЩסã̾ϢһԺǱߣ֪ǵ븶ģһ³죬ǶԻع鵽ıԴ״̬
ͷȻһ˵ϣ˰ɣΪ˵ȴһ죬Ƕ̫ˣ


1886 Ľ
ĿһȻ˵һʵֵġ񣬴ԺЩϴڣѾҵֻصĺܶأţҪ̫ãǾͿԳɹˡ£ֻҪסƣҪٴηı仯Ϳˡ
Ҫı仯ָʲôˡ
ī˿ƽĿУżֵģԳīģһܸˡ
ܸʲôЩмĴ˵һСˣȻ̹ţ󣬲Ҳһ飬̫Ϊǡңһ޴ᡣν֮黳ʵȴЦ֮
üңÿɷĵȻиֲȷǻɵƻġԺϴûʱȥֻܽˡ
ġ
˴Ļʵϣһ㶼ġ֪ôпѾˡ
ʲôôܣУ¶֮ɫŵĿˣ˵Ŀɶģң̹šҲȷйĽġ
Щ飬ģҲδ˶š˿ԳīˣȻûƺ˽һ㣬һܱκҵࡣҪӰжϣѵġ
ǲ֪ʲôɫҪʵ顣ȻĻӰ쵽ҵжϡ
˺Ȼ̾˿Ϊһġ̫ϸ̫ԸˣԶӰ̫󡣾㿴ˣҲҪڳ˽˵һ֮󣬲ʸ񿴲ڣĵˣʵûж˽⡣ν˽⣬ڱ涼㲻ϵġ
ˣҲϲ˵ıǴԺ㣬ҲǴԺ䡣Ⲣζţ͸ԺЩϴһ䳰ȷѾҲϲȥŲţҿֱӳɱ㣡
Ļƽûر𼤶ı֡ǳ棬вʲôڲһʵ
˵Ŀ΢΢һĿУ˼յĹâܿ죬ƽͷ˵̹ѾԽĴ졣ȻھϡԴϡԶԶĴ졣Ժо̹ǱߣӦѾӶߵһٶУȡĺôԣǺܿܣ˳׶Ĵ졣죬׵ġ
Ȼ䱬һ貶ĿĹâǹâУ̲޾ɱһܽ߸ɱ鶼־塣
Ȼûȥ۾ȻƲȴ֪ۺʵҪԶԶ̫߳ࡣŴԺ¶Էĸ־ѹ
˽˵Ѿˣ̹ʢз棬ԽĴĻôˣشĸı䡣ʱ򣬴Ժ֮ǰһжֻصоŬͽֱӸ֮ˮʱĴֱܹ̹Ӵ顣һЩ飬޷Ťתֻصķ򣬻֮ӡҲɲı仯
һ˵ԣҪ̹飿
Ѿγһ磬ڡô飿˵õĻᣬѾǸǵĴһ⵽˵ķɣӰ쵽ûڵʱ֡ھĳ֣ҲѾˡ
ҪôЩףôö˶˵ģͻȻͳ棿
һ̹磬ոγǻǧеһ綼硣˵챾ˡĴǰ̹統һӤûκξ
Ŷãôͳɳô죿˶˵Ͳ̹ȻᳬԽĴ졣
һ޽Ĵ磬ҪӵҪƵ飬Щľ綼üΪУ
ǣ̹Щ飬ôӵмΪľأ
һ磡
ˣҲģ
ԣǧ磬ǧȫ˵Ľ硣̹˵ûκΰ޴Ӱ죡ӶӰ쵽̹ˣ
Ϊվ˽Ÿԭˣȫˣ
ҲΪԭûرȥЩʿУһٶ硣ȻĻôֻȥһ϶Ǳˣ
Ҹոո˵˵ģǴԺĿסƣҪ磬޴ĸıˣ
һȻ˵Ǹīˣ緢޴ĸı𣿡
㡣˺ܿ϶ĵͷ˵Ǻ£
ͷǾͺðˡ
˵ˡ
˵Щ磬ڻ˽ⲻˡ㵽ֲεʱȻס
ɫ䣬ֻĿһ⻰˵ģҪΪ˸𡣡
˵κ飬Ҳκιϵ
Ǿͺá˵ţֱվһ˫е֣һ̣ʧӰٵġָһƬȺУԾͨǸ˾˷κʱġ
˸뿪뿪ķʽҲرԭ˵壬˲仯֣Щֱ֣һƵֵЩ֣ȫƮɢСգۼͳʧˡ

ɫЩء
ֱ̹仯֮ǰȫûԤϵġ
Ȼһ㶼ϲȴòϣһԼȴǺбҪġȻĻڣڹ֪̹Щ仯ء
ȻǷչٺãʲôã³Уսһ˻׵ʧһ˫У˸ŵģмĹâ
ʼΪīȫ̹ŵġ
̹һ񣬶ƻķԴֻܱѡīڸ棬̹Ų˺ܶࡣеȥƻԴҲǸʵа
УͻȻһ˿ľס΢΢һ
һףȻʲô˲õҪһ̣㿪ʼ
˰죬ȴûѰҵ⾯׵Դ
üͷվȻԸȥ飬磬ǲʲôҪ
˵ţֱվһʧ
ͬʱīųۣѾֱӴڣ뵽Ĵ浱С
ǽӦǱԼӳֹˣܺأһĴ澳ʿܺˡԳī˵Ҳʲô׵ľͽˡ
ڵһʱ䣬ڽڵУֱ˴ķ
ЩΪķ統УΪҪһڡ


1887 ʯ
磬ˣǿԳˣ۲úһ֮˲ԳɹȻһƤĶԳī˵͵ķΣȫ׵ϢԣǴһһĽвңȻĻ
˵⣬žµϣֵ߷ŵ˵ǾҲط
Ҳûа취֣
ûУ
ǣЩһȼķأīʵ
ҡҡͷҲһֶͬιܷĻͬҲҲΪֹһûзĸ顣
īͷ¶Ȼ֮ɫȻ˵
ֹǲֱ̫ˣ
ī棬Ѿܹ뵽һ磬ɹͨ졣еЩǣڿ̹֮󣬻ǲĳ
˵Щӣԭ򣬻ڲ˽⡣
ڹȥûȥᣬȥ˽һûгŸཻѡȻȥ˵ϲŭ֡
ָ߰һֱû˽徿һΰ塣
ʵϣ˽ô֮󣬳īЩ߰壬Ȼ˼ͬ顣
պ۵ĴԴκһ֣Լʷġ仰˵κһ飬Դģĳɳʷͷչʷ
塭ûС
ǵԴǷںϡ
ǵǱһ塣֮䣬Ϊ顭塣
Ծݸ߹󣬹ʵصԱ
ǿ࣬͵ȡࡢۻ࡭ʵϣΪ򵥵ЩҪ
Ҫ˵壬ķչʷͽʷ塣
ΪԱʹЩ壬Ͳ˼ĳ޺ӡ
Ǿహۻ࣬ʵǡǡǲŵһֱ֡
壬ȻϡΪϺ;ϣˡȻҲϵóݡһȷӵű̫
İԺǵĿݣȴ弸ȫ߱Ʒʡģ͸Ҫ˵ŽᡢѪ塢ЩƷˡ
Ǳȫ߱Ķ
ǼȲˣҲǷνˣǸԼһְˡ
īˣһ·ıȥУǲϵĿʼЩת
ÿһƬ򣬶֮ȷġ
ó۵Ļ˵ǣֱӱ֤ĳͨԡıײķ˼ҸƻʵҲҲõЩȫԱ֤ǳͨģ
īԴˣŲɵģܹоȻڷ嵱УҲǲġпΪһεеġ
ΪķȻҲӵżߵǻۣʵϣȴûгǿѧϰաʹ
ȻĻַ磬ǰӦòĴ졣һֱ죬ĴЩǣϵ͹ͨķʽȻֻͣŰ߼һĲϡ
߼һ㣬ָǵĴ룬ҪŰңԶҲͽ˶ˡ
ûиŵ㣬۹ܵķ磬ֱԪôңԶ
˾һ·ߣһ·ãһֱܹ֤̹ϵ£ڽı硣
Ҳǳīһֺ̫ˡ
̹һӤڳīĸ֪УȴܸоѾ߹ΪԻͶʢʱ򣬾һ׷һ꣬ʼˡ
ȻǿȥҲֵ۷壬ʵϣȴɱġʼ·ˡ
ϵУܺĸӦõ
̹磬ȻһĴ磬ȴķչǱδֵĿܡ
һΣۣܹɹɹܷô̹Ǳߣӭһٵķչڣ
۵ҰĺܴҪܷ磬ҪｨǮׯ
ȻҪ̹ǮңǮҽжԽӣ
һˣô֮ó磬Ҳͳ˳ˡò˶꣬˫֮óͻԽԽࡣ
ڲԶĽ֣߲֮ڴ̣ݱɿ˽µ䡭ȴȻó
ۺķֻҪƵõô̹Ǳ߾ͿЩÿ¡УʵȴûʲôõĶȻ󣬿ЩǮ߻شĶԴ
飬һ˿ʼôҲ޷׸ɱˡңԽϽ桭ܾԽǷ
ȺˣˮΪףƮ칬еȺŮˣһҪһ£īе𺳡
ȷ̫ǿˣ
ıУãǰС
ڣ˵һ˵ĳС
һ޴Ĺųǡ
ڰյУųǣһ޴ƥľʯġ
ǴֿɢŲɣϢĳǽȥǳԭʼȴһǿС
˵ĳôīĿţȺǣȷǶ׷һĳ̶Ȱ
۵ͷǰǵУʧȥ׷ȴֹͣңÿһ˶ԼصһףԴжϡ˵һˣһҡˣ磬ǣҲҪȥðˣ
ī΢΢һЦܺãѾȲأ
һЦųī벻˫ĸ磬ҲôƤһ氡
ȲҪȥʲô
ȥƣ
ĹųǺܴһǳô
У͸ķݵǣȻģһȴµţһֺرСɽˮɭ֡вԭиڡ
һеεòȫС
īԶһɽ緢
һǳī̲סп
ӦþһʯʵǳժȻ忪ٳһǡ۵ͷ
ǵһ磬ֵϵ˺ܶࡣиָŹֵĽͨߡ
;ĳڰкХҲоصļӵĳڵܣкܶɴڸ޵ϣҲеġһķҷɵġ
һеĲܣ˳̬ûȥעЩ
żҲһЩһƷ׺ܸߵĹսб۶Щ涼иֹŹֵӡǡӦǼĻձꡣ֮еˣóһͨ
īͳһɫսʱȫͣս񡣵սʧ֮Щ˲Żָ֮ǰľٶ
Ӧǹ塣˵
īͷ̫󣬹Ҳ̫ࡣ׷ԴȫܸĴôһ˿Ĺϵ
ˣǵ񣬾ҪʼˡȻһЦȻһŵųīŽֽǵһȥ


1888 ۿ
̵棬д֡⡣
ǵģһŵĵ棬ڵȴһ˵ĵطλЩƫƧ˲ࡣΧȫЩǵסլʲô̡
īȻҲ翴̣ȴ֪ΪʲôҪѡطȥǵĻӦһô
ǿ˳īеɻЦ˵磬ˣͣ͵ĻͲʲôطˡǲо仰о㲻ô
īƲƲ죬û˵Ȼǲ̫ͬġ
Ȼ̫ûйעҵϵˣʵҲһҵͷԶûеģȻ˽ʱ¥ôģǸʱĳīŶһ㣿
ԣīȫֻǶⷽ棬ûȤˣ
ȻѾȥôõˣʱ䳤УǺܳһˡīҵЩҲҪʧˡֻʣһЩıܡ
˵ĻӦѡһġضκõġ˶ĵط
ǸͲЩųīֱŵĵǰ棬дһɵĺ롣Ӧϵʽ
۴ϱϷһóһŰĶȻϵĺ룬ֱӲ˹ȥ
īһͣų۵ʲôʱϵߣ
ֵƲƲ죬һ۳īĶֱһ㼼ûУһòһͷ磬ôҲĴʿˡ񰡣ⶫ˵𣿡
īɨһ£˵ȷǲѣҪƾմһĻ롭ܾеˡ
ò˵ڳкϵߣڳī൱ġ
Ȼ̹һŰȫûκοɱԣȴȵڻʱīӵйŰҪǿ١һЩãǳÿһԼصá
ܿ죬۾ϵ̵ˣȻ󣬳ֱԷ
δˣϵƲƲôõĵطȻʨӴ󿪿ڣֱǲҪ
īĶͷϣǺߣųۣǲȱǵǮɣ
ⲻǮ⣬ҵĸ硭ۿųīǲҲ֪׹󡣶ңһ̬ȵ⡣Ҫôƾʲôأ
ðɣ˾ͺáīɰͰ͵˵ûһ⡣
һЦ͵Űɡ
Ƭ֮һĸӣ·ǸɵĳӣԼٶȣ
Ȼ󣬴ǳ棬һӡ
һۣʱ΢΢һ·е㱻۵޸ˡ
۵ȷǶķŴݣ嵱ۺȻԼһ塣޽ӽġڳǱߣܹȳۻˣҲ൱С
ҳѾ̫ˣ鶯ȫκһŮӡ
ȻҲ֣Ȼϡ١
ԣһʱ䣬Щ
һȻ¶һ˿ĳЦݣ幵ͨ
ǳ۵޾˴壬˫˼֮˴ȻʱҪǮȵһʱ䣬ӯ֮ľ
ֱɵĳ뿪īȻе㲻šԿףһ⿴ԼĳۣīòһĴָ
۵Զֹ㡣
õ̵Կ֮󣬵һʱ䣬̽˸졣
ΪսУ飬ȴ൱ĵӦ֡
ܿģһǳϵΣָߵĵ̳ڳīǰȻ󣬳ڳīǰתһȦ赸ЦеĿųī磬ôƷλɣ
ī°͵ͷ˵ôо㲼õطһݣ
ߣһĺһ漴һӣᡭ˵˼Ҳóĵݡǵģ
̣˲ֱһӣȥ̻ԻͣҪж֡
īǳ˳Ǳļҡ
۷Űۣá
Σȥ߹ţҪȸոյǿ˲١īͷʵҲǲ󿴺õġѾͷ쭣Ǻǵûм
ҲεĲȻֱߵ棬һָһҶʱڵ̵档
īǸңӲûЦˡ
֣дż֡͸ͣ
īջûסų۵˵ѽҡܿʲôѽʲôи͸Ͱ
ܼѽЩиԵǿңһһкĺܣ֪ǸʲôġȻ󣬿϶Ҫֵİǽ֮ǾͰѷŰܸǣֱͲ𣿡һȻӡ
īʵЩ
óīû뵽ǣֵطò˵Ҳһаŵ顣
ֻ˵۶壬˹Σ˵ϰԣҲź˽⡣ȻЩ飬κһǿʿõĶȴеݣȫ򵥵ֶδ洢ԼԴ档ҪʹõʱֱӵþͿˡ
⣬ҲӦǷ֮Ĳˡ
һˣһȥֻʮ˾СŮĺƯһһһͷɫͷʮڼϡһɫĹȹŮߵĶᱻ˶࿴ۡ
ۿСŮ̲סüЦĿ佱СƯ
īкֻӳ۵ľֹΪȥжϵĻŲκ˻Ϊһ
ѵľһصడ
˵ȻҲ֣ܺСˣŮۿ佱ĺǲ˼ŴŴĵҲƯҴûôƯء
һģͷţ֪
֪īͷϵĺ߸ˡСŮһҲûеӣīһ¾ˣӦþ˵һֹͨͽķʽ
ȻãԼеࡣ
ʱһŮʵʽ㣬ҪʲôأÿĴ𣿡
˵ţһ˫ʮĴ۾ųī˰죬ȻȥеɬȻӦñȽϲī͵ġ
īһʧԭأ
Լȥ鷳ΪʲôҪų۵
ǲĽһ˶˾ۼĵط㿴ˣûҲ϶һⶼûСܻӵˮ
Цҡͷɲ͸㣬͸Ķѽ
˵ţ۴ϣȡһһŰ塣
ŮһӾ̲ס΢΢һ壬Ȼ˵ⶫѽⶫҲаҲûʲôϡģΪʲôҪأҪǮ𣿡
СħһһЦСãɱǸöʾ


1889 ˣ
ɰŮֱӾͱŮħͷƭˡʱ֮ŮѾΪҫ۵һ֮һʱÿλ£ܻоҸź
ΪȻҼ񣬻һλ߽㡣źġȴǸʱ֪ǸʲôġֻΪ棬ʹ뵽Ǽ档
ҲһεżȻֱӸıһ
֮
Ůһ𾪵̧ͷųۣɵɵʵ桭Щ壿
ѾͷɵȻϿκηֱ𡣵ϵʺ̸ֹкܴġҪǣ۸ŮЩȫʹԵġ
ǰôʵ
ûСŮܿ϶ֱӻشǺܲ˽Ǹ壬֪ǾġҺ֪һˡ
˵ţŮ˫Уʼ¶˷֮ɫų۵㣬磬Ȼ˷ḻˡҿЩڷô
룬˵棬һЩ֮ǰõģȻͨųҲһЩͱոո㿴ǸƯĴ㳪ģǸڷءֻǸطеԶԣϸһʱϵĲġ󡣡
ǡ̫ˣǵϵֱŮһ𺳵ĿųۣȻ˵ǣأȥ𣿡
ۿŮ̲סЦŵȥ𣿡
룡Ůܿ϶ĵͷȻһϣĿųۡ
˵ǸطеԶء磬̹硣
̹磿Һ˵أŮ΢΢ü൱ɰЩʧ˵ϧְӲҳԶţ˵Σա
ϣ˸ʵǲࡣĸŮǸֱֲġ
˵ôɰʵͨŰ壬沥ԼĽĿ
ѽŮһȣȻ˵Ҫѧϰԣ
ôΪҲͣ𾳽˰ɣҪѧϰһԼ򵥵ĺܡ˵ôʹŰ塣
˵ţͽŮһԣĿʼ
ڳī־ٶôôһƭŮĲŮħͷ
Ҳò۵ֱ£ֻ˲һʱʱ䣬ͰŮ׽̻˲˵ңŮݵòСȻȻӢŮĿ⣬ȴͣڳ۵ϡ
ų۵Ҳ˳ݡ
󣬳۳ɹͳ֮ĵһŰ壬Ȼһվڳīǰʼ
磬ô
û⣿īٻЩɡ
һƶĿųīѽ磬ͷİɣûģûκ⣡ұ֤
īЦҡҡͷ̣ƽһ죬ûһ߽
ȴǺ򶨣̩Ȼÿš
īвסÿ춼ȥ߳Զû뿪ǣȴڸ˵ĸַ飬һ֮䣬жĲࡣЩƵĵطЩ֮ͬ
ܶ飬ʵûȥܹԶ澿ĲͬϢ
ڳī֮ǰ֪У˽ԸԴ󡢲Žᡢҡ˵Ǹȫ෴Ĳͬԡ˶ֽԵ׷ϣܶŸ߶ȵ֮⡣Ǹȫͬ塣
īЩ֮󣬷֮ǰ˵жϣкܴ˽ĮŽ᲻Ѫ顣
Ϊī֣Щͨ壬˱ɢͳ֮⣬ЩƶǷǳߵģ
īڼеԭ򣬺ܿ͵óһۡ
ǾǣԽǾˣʵϣܷӰԽǿҡѪһԭʼѪۺûġĲ࣬ѪͻԽԽϡ
ǣҲˡǵЩΪģڵһѡںϵĵһǵڶˡǿƿһֻصھεֻ֮󣬴Ӹ˵ǲû̫ı仯
Щ˵ĺȫһˡȻҲһ̶ƿֻصҲֻֻܹĴ쵱Уֻ֮Ȼ˶ѡ
йڷӡǣֻأʵԽԽٵġϵЩʣֲֻصĹУԣ
ǸŮһرԵӣĳпĳпĻû˻ΪһŮ
ȻϵͬȺУҲֺܶ಻ͬ壬ŲͬķɫչֳʣҲȫһģ
Ĵ죬ҲֻΪ˴Ǹ㼶ǣܵӰΪ̵Ⱥˣ
ī⣬÷ǳáΪĴ죬Ƶǣδл׵뵽嵱Сʱǽ岻ֱ˴ˡ
īֹͨ۲죬໥ںϵϣ
ңϣСҪܶ౶
ϣīص͸̣͡Ȼǳһ˼ֱȽϡ챾еĻݡ
īЦʵôĿʼŪ𻨲ˣǲ̫ˣ
۰һۣ˵͹ġ
īɫĵǸһòҪ׷ɣ
ЦЦ֪һŰ塣
īһ
˵磬ң졭̵žͻᱻơ
ʹīû˵ꡣͻȻ䴫һӵ
𼷱𼷣ģ
ǫһðɣ˼Ůأ
ŮҲܲѽ
ҶˮѣҪΪ˺˵ǿϲдŸ͸ô˵ǻкܶأ
ԶԶԣŶӣźöӣҪ˼ϰЦû
ۿһ͵ĳī΢΢һЦ磬ˣ


1890 СΧ
īȷһͣ־磬ȻҪ۾ȥ׵ľ֪淢ʲô顣ƫƧСӣƽһ춼һٸ˴ſ·ɴʱ˿̣棬ȴͻȻ伷ˡīʶ΢һɨİٺˣ
Щ˶˵Ȼ΢ģ׺һڶ㲻ϣΪǵУмʮǣ֮ǰһɴĺƳȥ̨Ű塣
ôһӾͻôǰ
һܾӵĳУⲻֳī˽磬涼һЩоˣͶ͵Ķʲôʣ˵
˵ǼûȤ
ΪȫȱǮ
беԴѾ൱ḻˡī⼸ȥߵʱеЩɽˮ֮䣬ͷ˴ܲϡûȥǡ
˵ǵĸ̶ˡ
ԣ͵ĶδϲҪ
˵硣
ôȺǴðģǿеǸˮǸһŮ
īͷ޾ɻ
ܿ죬̵ű죬洫һºͺܿ˵ʣڻ𣿡
ǵʱ䣬ѾϡЩ̻ŵƿ֮⣬ƫƧС꣬ûпŵˡ
ʱº͵˵Բ𣬴ˣѾţͲҪΪٴ򿪣ǿȵΪֹ
ǵģǿԵء
ţǶĵġ
ֻһ£ðһ£ַ֡Ű壬кܶ𣿻᲻һҹ죬ȴûȡʧأ
ǰ鷳һкܶ࣬һؾصĵš
ǽǮҲԵأ
ȻģܹоȺˣò˵Ҳǳ
ڣЦеĿһ۳īȻ߹ȥѵǴ򿪡ʱһ󼤶Ļ
ۣ
Ư
ˮûƭǣ㳤
ˣˮ˵һ˧˧ĸ𣿡
ī仰ֱӾ֮ˡһԥûС
ǱߵĳȻоīˣ̲ס淭ۣȻ¶Цݡ˵һһҲҪ̵ĿռޣŰȴŶ
ۣ̫ˣ
Ưˣ
ĺҸ֮ǰˮ۲ǣǴĵõġҲȥ۲ˣ
ڰеĳī̲סͷΪʲôһü춼ûκζˡǸѾͷڵõ˷Ű֮󣬹Ÿ԰ڣȻȴⲻõġ
ǰԼһѶĥÿˣŸǵַƫƧС꣬˲ͱˣ
ңֻЦīֻصĸо
̹ȺˣӵȺĺǣĺǣûκġ
뵽⣬īı
˵һεľֱӸıܶĹе֪
٣ڶ̬ϣѾȥȫһӡս飬Զֻٲˡˡϣܹ̫ƽӡ
īаôⳡսһˣȻ󣬰սķΧСķΧ֮ڡ
ҪսձĴ죡
Ҫ̫޹ˡ
ۿȺĺӣϣҲ¶ĵЦݡһ˵Ƕ֪Űʹõ𣿡
֪
һȺˣͬغ
ߵĶס⸽ĺܶ˾ע⡣
ǵȻ֪￪һҹС꣬ǵֱԶԡ
͸ͣ
ʲô
ѵǿҵ̣ΪͶģӽˮ˰ɣ
²ؼ߸߹ӣҲû̽ǶЩˡֵطȻһôˣҶΪ
ѵҵ̣ʲô˵ɣ
£ס⸽Щˣʱ̲סģв٣Ҳܳ͸СҪһ̽
һٸˣۺܿģÿһ̨̨Ű˳ȥȺŮǣȻҲûʲôõŰֱ֮һ̵ľˡ
Ȼû˿Ϳĵл
Ⱥ뿪֮ʣ¼ʮֵĽַ
ۺģһӳڵſڣʼȺǽŰõϵ֮Ĳ
Ⱥ˵ֱӵһʱ˽⵽ޱңԶһ硪֮󣬼ֱӲŨŨȤ
ô£սֶֶʵͨ飬ңԶĺܡ㣬廹壬Ķ̫ࡣ
ԣһŴķŰ壬Ⱥʾһ֮ڳ⼸ʮˣȫǿҵȤȻÿ˶ֱҪһ̨Щ˶ͦɰģƽ޹ʵҪ˼ҵĶе㲻̫˼ö˶ʾԸͳһЩǸһЩǮ
۸ܾˣЦıʾΪǣ˽һ塣ңϲһЩĿԸǮѽһЩرݳҪһǮܹۿġ
ЩǷ׷ױʾӦõģû˼ұݽĿʲôġ
ǺܿͿʼһ⣬ǾǣҪβȥǮأ
ЩǶ൱ԣ˵Ĵ죬ֻҪһԱûˡ
ƵˣһǸ̡
۱ʾ˵ܿͻרǮׯʱ򣬴ҽǮǮׯ棬ǮׯʾͿֱӰڷŰ֮ϡ൱ķ㡣
δˣȺǷ׷ױʾֻҪǮׯˣһһʱȥǸǮׯ
統УҲ൱һֶ⣬ʵҲǷһֱȽϼ򵥵ĿƼһ㶼ӡ
ȵ۽Ⱥȫ֮󣬳ī
ī̲סЦ˵硭Ҳ̫˼˰ɣ񣬾ȻһȺСӸˣ
īЩ˵µľСˡ
Ǯׯʲô㣿ЦЦȻ¶֮ɫųī
īͷĻе㲻̫ðɣ
ţ϶ǲãȻɢ裬ҲɵӡǮׯôе⣬һ㲻˵ġ˵Ҹᣬǵĳɡ⣬ý
īͷǵģֻҪǮˣʱ򣬾Ϳ߹Դˡ
ţЦúܿġ
Ҳܹܽﵽīĵһ顣
ʵҲѾǸ˵ĿģԷӦ֪ģ۲൱ļϣֱǶһ޶ģ
ͨ㣬óۣԷӦҪͨóī¼֮Ĺϵ
Һáҵĸ൱ĵ
ۿһһԵĳī¶ĵЦݡ


1891 
ˮúܿģֱ̫ˣû뵽ԼмģҹһٶȻ˴ջջ񣬼ֱǰζģ
ˮͷܲ򵥣ǵһĵŮүүǵĳ
˵ĳǣ죬ֱ಻ʤơ
ⷽԲķΧ֮ڣļ壬Ȼּ塣ΪּĵŮҲһ֮Сˡ
˲֮飬ˮСһֱرҸҸӹˣͬҲеЩġԣСѾͷһ͵͵й䡣
ǿ̣ܵȥˡһֱĵʱ򣬶ôɵġ
̵֣һǿҵĺ档
͸ͣ
ˮʱöӶҪЦˣȻô֡ǾͽȥһۣǵҪʲô
ȥ֮ˮͱһһŮסˣ
Ǽֱ̫ÿˣ
Ǹĳֱ࣬
ˮһֱԼҲһŮˣɸǸһȣʱͳˡ
û˼ҵϸû˼ôءðɣԺܳ
ˮʱһۣ˾;ǰһȻǸ磬֪ΪʲôָоǸһǸرйµˣ
ңǸĺӢ˧
һˮŮľ̲סֱҪը˵ĸо
ãҲ֡ûеȥ󱧱
ǸóǸŰ壬һʼûбϣˮֱͬһոµ磡
ؼ֮һ죬Լ˶ȫԵˡ
ʱڵкܶණûпȻص֮ĶࡣҲ˽һ塣ĺܶĿ̲סЦҲһЩĿжӯ
ʲôûʵǺ
ͬḻĺܣͬ
Խ壬ʵڹĽӽ
ڶ죬һˮС飬ܹʱ򣬶ˮܾˡȻˮ̲סԼЩСҫ
¼ֱͬͱһ
ȺС飬ҲͷĴӵܡ˵ǹĺ
˶ըˣ
ڸˮһ֮󣬾ȫ̲סˮⶫǴĵġһʼˮһģǡ
ȺСһģȫ㱻ֲҵС̡һģȫһѲƽԼȻˮ˴ĺô
ˮĥԼȺС֮Ÿ֪ǵַࡣ
Ǻǳī۵ʱһĻһȺŮǣһĳǸطȻ󣬽̨ŰֱӴߡ
ǽһӣһ磬ȻЩѸٵѿȻʼٵķֳ
ⲻǱȺŮǸոõŰûãǵȦӣͱ׾ˣ
ȻѸٵӦˮүүƽܾúܾöһεĳˣȻĽԼСŮйȥҪʣ׷ʲô顣
ΪʲôôĴͻȻ䶼Լ˵ʲôŰ塭ΪȻû̫飬Ϊ̫ˡһЩҪȥġԴû̫ȥעһЩ顣
ˣЩ˸Űʱ򣬳ֱӾˣ˵Ҳ֪ⶫЩ˵ŮǴģϽ˽һ°ɣǶоⶫҪ졣
죿̫˵ɣ
š
󰡣
ȻΪһ֮˵쾿ж˵
ֻ֪̫Ϊ߱죬ܰԪ׺ľˡʹô󣬹ҲҪһ൱ֲʱ䣬¡
ԣΪʲôܹ졣
ǰŮˮеǰҪʸס
үүңˮ𡣶үүǰֵ÷ǳɡ
ͷſɰСŮ¶һ˿Цݣ㲻ýţүү˵˵ŰǸʲôΪʲôô˸˵˵ǿĶ
˸үү˵ˣˮһ̲סԹԼЩС飬ֱ̫ˣ
ϾȦ棬廹һȽİ壬ңܶĴǲм̸ġֵ͵飬ʲô̸ģ
ѽ£үү֪ô¶ѡһͰĿԼСŮ
㲻Ұɣ
ġ
Ҹ˵ˮֱӴȡŰ壬Ȼߵүүߣġüɫ˵һѶ
Ȼ˵ͬʱϲŷŰ壬үүĸ־ʵĺĶСѾͷܴүүϲʲô˵壬硭㡣
ûЩǣܶమã岢
ˮЩѾŰоĲˣԣ׾ҳһүүȤ
ⶫֱӸ˶ģ֡壿ͷ𾪡
Щ벻쵱Уʲôطֻô塣˽е壬ڶĺܼѡ
ƺǸ߲Ǳߣɳһ֧Զ˿Ȼϡ˻һЩνɱߡһȺɱɱ飬ȥɱ塣
ȻЩ飬ȴҲûйȥᡣ棬Ҳûмڡ
Ҳûʲôϵ
ڴ˿̣ͷеԾ
ˮ˵ѽֱӸ˶ģǶأ塣
е𺳸ǿˣˮʵǡ𣿡
ǵүүˮ͵ҵҲʹ˵Щ壬һңԶĵطܾӵأ̹磡
̹š磿ͷŵɫЩˣ飬֪Ĳ̹֣࣬ÿһĴ˵׹һ֣
һ񰡣
˵̹źˣ䣬ϲ̹ŵˣ֪
ͷҲЩˣվһܹ֮ӴϢԶǱ˿ɱȡ
ȴ벻ͨ˭ŪַŰ壬Ǵ統СЩ˵ĿġҪʲô
ʱˮ˵үү㿴ҰԼһ壬ԣ
ͷʱеǣֱӸǸûһͷʹӵ۾ĵ̫ˣ۸˰
ˮһЦΣ治֪ԭүүˮƽô
ƽүүţ˵θӦΡ
ʱͷˮ£һѽүү˵ȥ
ţ˵˵СѾͷ͵Цһ
ڶ£һ磬ȥǼ̡ҪˡͷӼܿ˾ҪԷ
٣ҪŪԷҪʲôС
ȻĻʵЩ̤ʵ
Щ˵ⶫ죬һʼšڡˡ
ⶫ춼ռĻô磬Ļᱻġ


1892 Э
ڶһ磬ˮͱүү˸Ȼһ·ǵĽȥ
ûճרõֱ˰һܵ͵ĹսǱ߷ȥһĹү˾Ǹطȴ֣ǸʮƫƧСӣ˿ȴѾˣ
ʱ仹ǳ磬£ϲܵǣӦûڸʵĴ˯ء
ǲŲЩһƴ
ŵ壬á
£ȺǣȻȫۼطѵҲΪ˷Űģ
һϣѵѾͳˣ
Щⳡˡ
ƫƧС棬ﵽ⣬ųȥʮĶ飬Щǵ
һ
ֻһĹ
ϣЩŮǣ˼̨Ű壬Ȼ󣬽һ硭ͳŶӵȴĳ
ֱ̫ˣ
ˮǾȣѽЩȫǳĹ尡ǸǻռģǸǰٲݼģǸġ
ΪͷȻЩ˵ݡ
ЩڣӦʱǰӦ˰֪ͨҵĵԼǡ
ԭҲû˿һ˺ˡֳ棿
ڳȻճõЩҲܹһϳڳҾǳ˽ﳣõ
ڣѾв˿еˡ
ѽ˶ˣ
ҲŰס˰ɣ
ⶫĺ棬ǾȻܸ޾ңԶһ֮ϵ
ǰҶûʲôоҼҺӵķŰЩ֮ҺȻϲ塣ǲۻ࣬Ҳ͵ȣҸоǵĸ飬ǻҪḻܿɰ
ǰҿһĿжöء
еĳڳ棬ޱţ̲ס˳顣
˵ıŰһЩסˡ֮ǰȻƿڴԷ壬һ㶼֪͡תۼ䣬ֿһ֣ٴαŰȻԷǸ˹µֱ̫ˡ
ͷӸùǺˮӦ죬ֱָһ֣ƽϢͷӵŭ
ڶֱȽֱӱͷɱƬײͷͿˣ¶ΥЦݡιҪʵҲǴҪһ̨Űȥ˼ɲڱˮСѾͷһֺܹˡ
мΣϣСѾͷǰƬײˡ
īڵ棬淢Щ龡۵ס
һĿųīô硭ҲУ£ûǿԵİɣ
ԣֱ̫˰īֱĴָԥ
ҲıҪģīû뵽ⶫȻ֮󡣲ЩŰոս뵽̹һٶʱĺ䶯ҲЩˡ
ŰֶֻҪǻ飬ûа취ܡ
ϣҲܿóͨǻıܡ
˵ˣ벻ȻǸСļˣ磬£ͽ˰ɣ
īЩͷĵ̸飬ȥɣŷŰ塣
һЦͲЩ˰ˣУӣȻƽʱе𣬲仯Ҳˣ棬ǵءڶû˰ϳҲֻ˵ЩСǣ̫ˡ
īȻԼһĸı䡣һӳŵꡣңϣ֣ǲϳûסģġ
󣬳һʧȥҳ̸ȥˡī߿˵̵ţʼŷŰ塣
һʼī룬Լ費ҪʾһⶫӦôá漴־øûҪΪĲʵ̫ˡΨһе鷳ĵطЩŰ壬õȫԺ֡
Դˣ۵̬Ⱥȷ˵嵱УΪģڴ޽ϵľ硣־磬Ҫѧһԣʵټ򵥲ˡ
ʵҲȷˣЩǣҪѧϰԣľһͷ顣Ըû˰һѵ顣
Ҫīн⣬Щ˵Ĺǣһȫʮصȡ˷Ű塣Ȼ󣬳ųīϵĵл
ī΢ЦӦ
ҪЩ֪ǷŷŰģȻһĴ϶ֱӾˣ
ţôȻ顣
ںЩŮǣĵı֤Ǹ͸͵Ǹˣīȫûţ˵Щ˺˵˵
Ϊ£ڷϣһޱȵѵˮǣˡ
ˮûӦ£Ӳ棬һĴ𰸡
Һúڣ̫С̫֪
ⶼǺ󻰡
⼸ˣīܿͽ̨Űȫɢȥ
ͬʱڰУϵս棬۸ǵĳ֮䣬Ҳչ̸С
˫ûнֱ̽ӡ
ǵҪʲôһĿųۡ
ͬһĿͷ˵֮ϲ֮䣬ìܣս䣬ϣ磬ǿ໥ڣ໥ͨġǵĿġ
ͷųۣһΪģ˵ǵĿģɣȻҵļߣ֪Ҳ࣬Ҳڵһĳġ
ЦЦǵģҳϣԲ޴档֪ûȤǺأ
ôĻӦǡ˹ɣͷ˵ȴûɫϴʾܾ
ЦʲôأûгʲôܣҲûʧʲô桭
ͷųۣ˵˵
á󣬿ʼϲ˵
һһֱһԲˮһݵĿƯŵĴ㣬ʵ̫ˣڲżֱã˵Ļеӣ޴ӷ
ǮׯͷüͷⶫеУҵĵϣȻġң磬ҽõĳŻôʮλЩˣͬҲǵȦӡܹ˵ǲǮׯĻָ˳Щ壬룬飬ӦǿԿǵġ
۵ͷʵⱾһӮ顣ŰħѾˡ˵ģ棬һж飬ӦúҽķŰءǡ
ͷĺһӱü񣬶˲ޱ˵ģ
ȻҪ̫ϣǣⶫһ̨źá۵˵Ϊ׬ǮģԺǮׯ
ͷͷãˣһ죬ʱͲҪˣ
Ϊ棬λѾϿ˳˵ֺʽ͵Ļʧġɾˣ


1893 һ
۶û뵽ô׾͸λЭ顣Ҳֻ˵ҵľͶλܸߣ˭Ҳɵӣ飬һкܴ档ҷŰλҲĿԼûа취ܾŰĥ£ǵУжܹܾأ
飬ƹȥǰǣ˫Ҫ̫̰Ҫģ÷ŰռԺܴ׬Ǯֶζ಻ʤŰ屾ǵ棬˵ûзġ
ͷ֪֪ⶫԺļֵȻ֪ܹΪһ֮ƹܼʮڵ顣Ȼûô򵥡嵱УҲǷǳǳһ֡
ʲô涼Լܹȫõֵġ˼ҵģ˼ˣʱһϻˡ
̫ˣִҲ̫ˣ
Լǲһϻ˵ͷǼֱǴʧĻԵ
Ȱ̸ʱٽģʽֱԼЩѡʱЩ˳ĸмǽύĴûᣡ
˭˵˾ͲҪѵģ
ʵī֮ǰᵱУеʶ̬ʵ֮䣬ûָԵĲࡣ
͸͵С꣬һͿ˼죬ֱӾ͹ˡ
֮󣬳īֱۣӴ뿪
һߣǾҲûлȴĴ档
챾Լ޴ĹųǣȫʼһΪŰĶͨⶫЩǣٶȣ˽һ塣
ͬʱҲŰЩʽĽĿסˣ
ȥǮׯȻŰ壡
һ澰
ֹһЩ꣬ŰǸǮׯ½ϳ׵п
ȻЩϢ׵죡
Ȼ챾ĳīۣѾӷ棬һ֣
ЩǮңȫģң֣ÿһֲ˼ٶȡڲϵš
˵ڳīʽԴĻ࡭ħߵЩˣ
Ǿõħ
⡭ǷŰ
ֽ˵֮ǰ˭û뵽ģԣ֪µʱ˶Ҫˡ
Ժʹ߸˵ĻڶߡҪٷشı仯
Ű廹зֶԾֻʱĲȫԸıĶ
һֵ߸
һıŭıһǸģ
ıʿѣⶫǷܸİ
ĿһۣҵȻ֪
һۣıʿ׹ߡæͷˡ
˭֪鲻ã˭ҲùͷȫԶԶıܿˡ
Ȼ֪īһǿķΪԭǸһǸڣѾص˴Ժ
һĶȻڸں֮ǰһķʱǸڣͱĵȼ֪߳˶١
ЩڣֿͨӸάٻķȫһǱЩͨ߼ܶΡ
ĴԭѾǶķˣǽϵִڡķһֻһ飬Ŀ顢˿顢ʮԴơ
ôĴεģʮǸееġ࡭ֻǿǰ˿Ǹ
̹ŴǸȴĿ鵱еִڣ
ԣڵȼޱɭϵķУ̹ǸҪӸ߼ǻۡȻҲԨ
Ȼֳȥһ룬ʣµһ룬ɲܹġ
ԣŻз硢ŰЩʱĳ֡
һ˲䣬УһͷҪȫŰҪеķƻ
ͷҲֻһ˲䣬ɢˡΪⲢʵǲʵֵһ顣Ȳ˵ǷеķƻʿӦ
ʱЩֺͬҲͷۣͬ޲ߡ
ЩǲϲսⲻǲȡԼȨ档
ڵ֪ʱ򣬼Ϸʹв򡣶Ѿˣ
ǣÿһУרŵǮׯжԽӡЩǮׯȫٷְǱ˹ƿеġ
Եĺܶĸ߲㣬Ҳ٣ǣ
һ취Ҳûˡ
Ѿˡ
Ÿоŭֿŭĸо
Ϊ飬ڳڵʱһѾõϢȴȥݸԵȥǮׯȥǼ£Ҳûл㱨
Ȼˣ˽ӸԡҲȻûиı䡣һɷޱȵգеûа취
ǣˡѾ̫ˡѾǣһȫĳ̶ȡ
ʱǿȥֹ飬ô죬ҪҵĶ
Ժɡһεı飬ֻôԺˡ£ҲֻǸ̹߳Ĵڣа취ƽˡ
ңҲӦȥ˭
걣֤ĵһжƿ֮УôǱǸˣ
뵽£;úܷŭ
ֱӶ׼ǰԺȥ˵һ˵顣
ζû뵽ǣīЩֲáѾһ޷ĳ̶ȡԣ߸ոǱߵĳīۣѾ֪ˣ
ҪȥԺ
ī΢΢üͷЩǱţͨߵһЩˣѾ˽˺ܶ顣УͰǸޱصĴԺ
ۿųī˵һۣӦҲڴԺСҲµûӦȥˣϣͨƻǵĲá
ǣ𣿡īųۡ
īеҡҡͷ˵Ψһһ˽ҵ飬ǾԼˡ
˼ǣƻһУīųۡ
룬˵Ҹһ˵ȫͬԸóĶҲȫһϸ˵ԭһԸرѵ顣һֱȫͬ뷨һһҡ뿪ˡҲõɣҡͬҲˡ֮䣬໥˽ġ˽⣬ﵽϬĳ̶ȡһˣܹӦ˴˵ĴʱԷ˼Է
ôī̲סüЦ
˵ߣʧ˺ܶϵļ䡣ݼ㣬ֽԭӦþǣԭڲͬĸ壬໥ɺںϵĹУһ塣ַֻֿˡ
˵ţųīȻ˳īһʯͷƳɵĺӣȻ˵磬һ죬ĳʲô飬ô԰ƿ磬ͬʱҲȻ󡭡


1894 ıϽ
īһ۳ۣһۣ˵˵ûûһ죬ΣҶκġֻҪúûžС浽˳ʱһǰġ
ۿųī¶һЦݣȻͷҶ֪ĸ硣˵Щȫס˵һʲô飬ܹƾŸ£԰ɣҪδѡ
ЩǱѧ˸ʮʮīЦ
ǣҵԴԴ¶ֵЦݣȻ˵ʯĶһϵϡԣʱûκˣܸı磡ֻûǵġ
۵ϣ¶һĨȻ֮ɫһֻᣬôһϵҡһԼѪˡҲһԣҲܸҲ˵ġҳʲôĻô磬Ȼɿͨ衣̶ܳҲ൱ߣֻһһ
īųۣ˵㲻Ҫʲôôһ졣
˵ˣ磬ǲ˵ھʣڵ챱ˡռƻò˼꣬ҲֱӵǱߡֹ˵ģԡ
ǿչһƻˣīųۡ
˵ǵģǿˡãڣȰ͵ϽǱȥҪǱߣ硣ȰѵӲͷȻʣң죬ͺ˵ˡ˵ң׼ء
ī£ЩЦһԸҳΪ׼ҵġ
ǿɲˣѾ췹ˡʫĺѾ֦ɢҶˡ˵⣬̲סЦ磬ûз֣ĺʵҲ˵Ѫأ
ǲᣬīûʶ¡ΪУһֱʫһŮġôһᣬīͻȻָоȷİԼЩҲȷ˵Ѫ
Ҳ˵ԼЩҲǾ߱һе˰
ĺУһֱ಻ʤһǼ츳ִ
ʵҲ˵һֱһؽ㣬аĵءЦ˵
ʵҲƺȷġ
īųۣ룬ǼȻ֪ȥʲôطҪҪ
۵¶֮ɫҡҡͷûǲҪ
Ϊʲôī֪Լô޵ķʸ顣
˵Ȼڻ֪Ѿ˱飬κ飬СĽǰᡣ룬ʲôᡣ¼ǿܻС
ī룬ҲȷҲں˼ӵŵɡ飬κһĴڣʵóĺܡҪַͨʽƶԷһ˵Ѷȵȷе
ǺðɣȥϽ죡īų΢Ц
漴Ȼ뿪졣
ò˶ã磬鼰ÿһ䣡
ʱ棬һӿֲ֡
ҶԳī˵Ҫģʵǵ档᳤áҲΪʲôЩǮׯȫߵҪȥ˸ж
δīͨ磬̻ͨĴ硣
飬һҲһ硣ڵ磬֮߱һȴͨ磬˽⵽Ĵ飡
⣬Ƿ
ֲ˹
ߣתӵ㣬ѾúˣߵЩǣֻҪŰ̳ȥһжûˡ漰ǮׯĽʲôģǾԼҪĵˡ
īһ֮УûκδĲĳɼȴսֶΣԶʵֵġ
ԴˣīоѾ׼Ҳܸп
Щīľ磬û̫ľȴֱȹȥһΡ
ʿģ˵߸ϣеһУͿԵõˡĻҲֻܹԼøĹøįѡ
Ȼߵľ磬Σ
ǻ飬ж٣ֿȫȺ壬һ˹Ĵţ
Ȼûа취Ⱥ壬ǾͻǺúõ뵽Ⱥ嵱аɡ
·ȻǶԳī־Ĵ˵Ҫһֱӵһ磬Ҳûô졣
·ϣÿһ룬Ҫͣó۲÷硣
ͣͣ
һΣǺܶȥ
Ժ
Ϊصһطˡ
֪Ժ飬ָ㣬ӦҲᳬʮ
Ĵ쵱Уʸ֪ԺһʲôطˣҲһ
Ⲣûֹī֪Ĵڡ
Ĵļ֮⣬䣬û֪Ժʲôط
˵Ժʵףϲطѡ˸ںһ𣬳Ϊһ˵ʼһѾ߽ԺС
ʵԺ޴ڣ
Ҫһܽ뵽
һģĸά磡
ԺеĴڣԸԭصĵάԾģһС硣άȣ֮ǰǸά磬޼
оȽһЩ
ʵҲûκϵĲ
ĲԴϵġ
߸ոս뵽ԺǱ߾ֱƮһˡ
һŮӣ
ȥ覣޵Ժĳ̶ȡһɴȹٸ죬ɢŸ߹ϢĿôˣ
ߡʩ
ĵȼΪɭϣΪһŮǰȴκԽ֮
Ůӵİڰ֡
˵µһ룬Ƴһַ磬Ѿ͸
ŶŮ΢΢ü
īȻܹһϳһۣ
䣬뿪˹磬Ȼͳʧˡ
ص˴ԺҳΪ˴Ժ֮һӵżߵĵλ
ĻȻûκָζԡۡ˵ҲָͬˡĿ£ʲôʧ𣿡
ַ磬ȿ֮䣬໥ͨе塭ͨһԭѾĽӽѪϡк͹ԽԽӽࡣǸӴˣԭʼϵһֶͻᱻѡ
֮ǰѾҪô˵ԣԡۡˣҲ治ɫ٩٩̸


1895 ֶ
⣬ϵһЩãǮƺԴ統ȥ㣬ͬǷǳµһ㡣Ϊ̹ĳɳ̹磬̵ʱ䣬ͳɳΪһĴ硣
˵Ǳֹ顣
Ŷ֪ˡ۰˰֣Ȼ˵ȥɣʲô䷢չͺˡ
ʲôֱԼǲˡ
Щ˼ĿǰĳۣһֻɣǰλǷΪߣǳīλٰģ
ΪԷִ𸴣ֱ̫һˡ
ȥӦһĳ̶ֳϣīй
Щɣ᲻߲ñ֪飬Ҫ䴦ˣ
ô㻹ʲôһƽĿ߹ͬġԣ㲻ǲ˽ķǲġ
Цһ£Ȼ˵ãҲŲߣ£߲һô٣ҲҪôΪʲôɣ
ۿһۣ˵ֻҪͿˡ
Ǿҵĳ鴤˼£̲סЩŭųۣһ˵ߣ𣿡
ۿһ˵̫ˣӦԼ˼һˡ
ҵ̫ˣ̲ס˸Ȼ˵ôãϵԸأǲߵ棬̹ǸгīСӡ
۵ϣȻ䱬һơ
棬ֱǵصĳѹ
ôĴһҲСֱչƣϢԿ
ǺܿͰԷ̫ǿˣ
ʱ򣬳ɭ˵ֻһΣ²ΪϽ뿪ɡ
Уӿһǿҵŭ𣬴ƾʲôѵΪߣͿΪΪѡںϵǣҲǣôڿʼ˲˹Ŀʼᷳˣ˵ЩߣѾƳ˻صİ취ЩˡѾûˣ
仰ԭǺŭѿڶġ˵֮۾͵ľʼĿųۣ˲ƽ˵Ȼˣȥ֮ҽһеķǸ磡ЩзŰġһɱҿǿҵܲ㡣
Ҫôʱɱ㡣俴㣬޷Ǿ΢һѣҲûѵɳ۵̶ֳȣ
䣬Լ͸¶һܡеĳۣԼڳīߣܳǸۡ
ǰۣУЩˡ
ĺܲʡ
ͼķֻɸ߼Լˡ
һ

䣬ΨһɵĵطԺ
ҲΪʲôһ㶼Ըԭ
μǳۣࡣߣҲǿ١
ãߣľͺáѾ⣬ȥ֮һҪȥѰҷ©㲻ȥԺԡҲôԺȺںùġ
ֻĿ˵
ʱ򣬴Զһ
£һҲ޷ɣߣ
֣Ѿѳķռˡߣô
ʱ򣬳ۿ˵⼸Ǵ϶ֳ˻±Ƚ֮⣬κ飬õ֡ΪʲôҪ˵
˵Ҳ޷Ǳ߹һߣ׷ͯգɷ磬һۡ
īһʶĸоһ̵ʱ䣬뵽߸˭
ˣ
ߣû̫飬ҿ֮Ҳʶġ棬ͷҲЩмġ
Ϊǵ칬½ƳīҲûгɹ
ī˴ԴЩԴ̹Ŵ½ܷչôҪ÷磬ô˳
߿˵飬ϵֻء
壬Ȼ΢΢һݣȻ˵֮ǰʹߣǸողתǵô˵磬ܷ̫شıǨˣ
ߵһЦ˵һо򣬾ߵָѾҵȷǸˣȻĻʱ䣬Ҳȥ֪ͨǵġ
еһ󣬴Ժֱ̫ˣ
˵ãˣǻͷ֪ͨһλɡҲʡǱһˡÿȥǱߣûܡ
֪ͨʲô˵
ǣҪȥѹ̹ˣ䷢չͺáߵ˵
һںһҪĳ嶯ԼҲĺܡȷԡסˣû˵ʲôֱתȥ
һʧڴԺ
߿һ۳ۣȻ΢΢ҡҡͷǣˡ
ͬޱĵͷֻأ谭ǡ
ǣǷӦ취ȥǳīһ£仰˵Ȼһ㶼ûκζ档
ȴһۣȻ˵ûҪ
ߵͷҲǣǰҲ£ǰ˵Ļɡ
û˵ʲôֱתˡ
ıӰվǳ˼Ƭ̣Ҳתˡ
ص
ôԸϣԣȻʱ޿̵Ӱ
ܶʱЩֲԼһ࣬һԼкȲǷҲ㲻ࡣˡһոµ֣
ԣԺǱߣİǵԼ˰ɣ
ü䣬һĨɷ
һ̣겨ʼɢȥٻ
ӵٻϽ˲˻ӦңλȴԵЩɡǲٻҪʲô
գǻǸ˻Ӧ
֮Ĵһط
ȿڵģʽңλҲʱЩ죺ʲô
ٻġ˵ȱ׷ˣҪ
˵ɡʽһ࣬ʱҲ
˵磬Ҫˣ
ȫһͷˮĿ
ţ֮ǰ飬˵һ¡
ôңλپЩ˼顣


1896 ѡ
˵ԺǱߣһЩĪķּǰʱ䣬ҲǱߵʹߣ˵粻ٷشı仯ˡ
Ҳˡң˵
Ͻ˵ǳϦģҪʲôΪʲôͻȻǹ̹ˣ壬ٵ彨ܾӵصȫϣⲻǴǸʱ򣬾Ѿ̸õô
˵ţһңеıĺԣȻڣλ˳Ȼеڻ
Ҳ벻ͨΪʲôͻȻת̬ȡȻǣȴǻͻȻվһߡ˵
ʱͻȻ˵ʵǵУǸ塭û̫ɣ
΢΢һ
૵֮ǰҲѾ뵽ˡǵУ֮䣬ȷû̫˵ֺ࣬γǣ
˵Ҳ˵ķһȫµֶΣʵеǸĿĻôӦǲʱġ
ҪֹͣٵֻءôܺϽü˵
ڿӣҪ̹緢չҪУٴռϷ硣ң˵
ͷںܻɣԺǱߣҪһԸ
ܰɣϽüǲô˵Ҳһ
ķԣϲͬǿ㵱ࣿң˵ҲΪʲôҸѡ˳˵ԭǲ뵽󣬳ΪõĹߡȻ󣬵ȱ֮һ߿
ͷɣ֮䣬ʲôϵìأʵһʼ⼸棬Աɣһ֣׵УôԼࡣ϶ǲǡʵϣǸʱҲȷģܶ˶Ǳ֡룬ǲô˵Ĳô
ȫĬ
ĬãźȻ˵ìܺͶԴǱУԱ֡ԽƲǣǾԽȫ㲻ܳ׵١ҲҪǱɵ͵ȼ顣ôģҲһȳɹˡ޾У嶼ѹƵȫ룬ָоɺˬ죡
Ͻ˵Ǻˬ졣
ң΢΢üȫĬǣҲһΪһˬ顣ڣȴѾЩı뷨
ˬˬ죬ڵƣҸоǷǳ˵飬ѡ񡣡

һѡ񣬾ǡֶʩѹȥսȥǣ˵
ⲻܡֱӱʾ˷ԣѾסˡ
ң˵㲻סҲȥٸѡԿʵϣ֮ǰȥ֮󣬸Щ˵ҵľȫǳġⳡ̣һ㶼򣡡
Ͻ˵ӵ޾ԴӵĶʿΪʲôҴⳡս˱
˵ǲҴ򣬶ǲܴˡû塣ڶѾˣ㻹׮ԵήٵϡԺǱߣġ
ϽĬУӦǶɼһһЩйأǶѾһЩ⣬ôǳԵǶûȥ
ԺǱߣȻһֱΪ͵ÿһߣʵ쳣ǿ֮
˵Ǿֻʣµڶѡˣѡ񣬾ǰմԺָ飬ʲʡҪһ¡ҾãҪѡ·ͲӸɴһ㣡
˵ī̸ͣȻ󣬸
ܣϽֱӶȻܾ˭ҶѡûгŵһȺ顣Ǻ󣬳ԿĿ϶ǣ
ʱңʵϽҺܺ棬һ룬ꡭȫһʱǲǣʲôۣ˵֮ࣿ
Ͻɫ࣬ûлش⡣ıϿԿң⣬ƺʵ˵ϡ
˵£ҾǿеġЩ꣬ҲͨһЩֶΣԵīһ˽⡣ȻǸ࣬ȴӵźǿİģ磬顣壬̹УҲͬĺܺá
΢΢鴤һ£Ϊ̹Щ壬ȫǴӳȥġһ뵽£
ʱңȻ˵ǵģһŮ̹ꡣǰʱѾڡǳĶϱ
ʲô
飿
ô
ȫһĪ𺳵ı飬ң
ǲһˡ
¡ң̹Ȼֱ˵һŮһŮ
ȫһֹ
ȻԼĹ⣬±ǡ
ңÿЦ˵ǸʱЩΪʹ޺ͳʱ򡭡
ǺǡϽЦһӸԺԭˣ˵ı˭ʵϣ飬ȴ˲ݣ
һۣ˵ǹȥˡң飬˵δй
ϽͣҲйһ٣ֻЩеġ֡ȴһû䡣ãǡˡ
νʵ˱ͲǴģ
ңܺãûϽĳ˵ԣҾãǸ֮䣬ȫûл͵ءҳ飬ҲǺ·ġ
Ǻ·ñˡһɬ˵
ô飬ҲЩŪһǾǣսǸո̹īѷɫ̫ࡣͷԣ˼ͬǲ
飬˵ϣͲڵġ
ǳһڳīߣҲܷչôãϽȻЩĳɼʵ̫ˡѱıЦſ˵ɣһ롭ǳߵꡭǱ߰īģ仰˵ҼȲųߣҲǸˣǶǸй̫ķ֪ǵ棬״뷨
Ǵ뷨ѾǷѾһʵˡϽԣھЩ⣬ҿûһġ
Ͻ˵ҪԺֱӿսҲѡԸĻȥˡҡǾЭ
˵ţϽȻ΢΢üڸʲôϢ


1897 
ţϽͻȻ䲪Ȼŭҧ˵ֱ̫
ȫһãȻĿ֪ʲô顣֪ΪʲôϽոջ˵Эת۾ֱӷˡѵ˵ˣ
ǻ޾µ飬˭Ǵˣ
ǼһӾͲµӽǸ𰸡
ʵôˣʲô
Ͻһߺ޵˵塭ȻǸʲô磬赽ҵϽ𹬵У


ң
һ̣ȫˡ
һЦĳ嶯иоһ嵱ð
ֲĸоѾж궼ûˣ
̫ˣ
ԿԽܳһεʱ䳤ˡ
Ϊߣ˴ԺЩڣǸе֮⣬磬û˭Ƕݵġ
̹ţ˳ԼЩšҲЩף̹ŸģԼѡ
ڵʱĴȫ̹żֱɵϡֹֻе
Լô
Ĵ쵱д꣬ˣ
ν̹磬ڵʱĴֱһáൽĵط
ֵطܹʲôǿ
֮ԼСԭƧͬһĵطڵġˣҳսе֮⣬ĸ棬ѾȫλġԽ̹Ŵ
Ͻ˵ʲôΪ۵Ĵڲʹ̹޾ġֻʵǲôͬġ
۵ĴڣΪīˣ
ûгۣҲŻۡۡۡ
ֻҪ˵ˣվһˣʵЩԸġ
ʵϽԼǷǳģֻԸϰˡ
ȽϺ棬ԷôģȻܽ赽ϽϽȥҲѹϽ̲סǰˡ
ʵǻǣô̸ͣ£϶Ҳǻջġ
ջģӦû壬ϽеЩ
ѵֽܵأûһܷ֣īֱ£˵ʱӵпԶĸдɱˣ
ˣߵû˵УҲ¶Ͻͬ顣
ͬʱǵУҲȫһͷī飬ȷǺ·
˵һʼѡ죬Ϊ̹ôѡɴϽ졭϶Ϊ˫жԵԭˡ
ȻĻɴϽʹм䣬һ컯ңأ
ֱԹ
ıԣ
Ͻ˵ں֪Ƿ绹зŰ塭һЩʲôôܡô
Щûʲô˵
˲˵νķ磬һ֮䣬бϺ;Ķ໥֮䣬Բ˽⡣Ȼ󣬷Ű壬һն˵ķˡͨ磬޽Ĵ磬ֱӱúСˡȻͨŰ壬顣
˵ţֱӴó˼Ű壬ÿһ
ȫЩ󲻵ִڣ϶Ҳ濴˷ŰĻ
ǴˣҪ˽̣Ǻܿѧôʹ÷Ű塣
һĹ㾪Се˼
ϣȻܿЩ峪裿ף߻רŵСﳪܺһֺĵϣֱӲңӼ
Ͻһֱû˵ǰŪеŰ壬棬ܿҵһЩڳϢ
Ҫ鿴ʱû뵽ǱֱʾһλԲûȨޡ
Ͻ㵱ͰеķŰˤˣҪˣûȨޣúɴϽĴȻᱻּ򵥵Ķ棬˵ûȨޣң
ϽתһҲеԵɣ壬ϽһϽеĺܶ飬Ǹ߶ȵĻܣȻ˭֪֪ġ
ͨˣ滹Ǹоǳʹ죡
ܿ죬ͱһЩסˡ
ǻ飬һֶǷǳϲġֻҪǻ۵飬һİáҪ˵ϽǰǴ˶ôԸϣôϲ࣬ҲȻŴĹԵĲ
ĴһŰ壬ȫζĿһʱ䣬Ȼþĵġ
ãϽڻعһɬ˵һ䣺ںȻеףΪʲôⶫܹ赽ҵϽȥˡ
ҲȫĬŵͷ
ˣȻĻҲܽΪĪв
ңλǵһνӴԼѸٵסˡǾ͸Ҫ˵ЩˡֻҪӴһ˲䡭ͻᱻסģ
Ͻ૵ڹȥɴϽ쵱Уе֣Ҳǿ裬ҪôģҪôǡǡ
˵ˣΪǵʵЩѷڼŸϵԶкֶܶʾмʵϣȴʮֿġ
ֻȥûֻᡣһ˵Ĺ壬ȥԼ˵ԼϲЩʽԷͬģҲڲĵ˵㲻ôأ塭ǵ͵ȵ鰡
ڲһˣŰ壬˵ʵһַǳ˽ĶȫһԼڷ溣ݣ뿴ʲôͿʲôڵĸ˽н
ԣⶫһֱӷ̹硣Ȼ塭Ҳûܾܾ
գϽ̾һȻ˵ϵ̸һ̸ɡ
£ҪزС˵ôԺǱ߲ǵ˼
룬ǵ־ٶӦúԺ۾㵱ϣ֮⣬һ߶û𣿡ң˵ҲĸϷӳ֣ǵĸ֪֮⣬ûκεطǰȫġ
ͷ˵ԣҪʲô飬ãȻͰͰȥҡûµʱҾãǼǲҪۡ
ʱķŰ壺⣬һ˽ϵĹܣǼ֮⣬˶û취
Ͻһ׳յĿǱߣߵǸۡҲ
ǿʲô˵ֻҪԺ˿͹ˡ
ϽסԶԣ׷ˡ


1898 Ͻ
ʲôģѾⶫ׸ˡ
Ĵ̶һЩ֮󣬷׷״뿪ˡ
ǲûеһʱȥīΪ϶ԺǱߣȥƺͼڡʵϣ䣬ǵߡǷ
ˡ
̫Ϊˡ
ԣֻҪ߼ȥīǱ߿϶һʱܷ⡣
˲ԺǼκ飬ޱ֪
ԣǾֱ˴Ժİһ㣬ֱӶԳīӶˡ
ϽһŰصϽ֮㲻ǡ˶ˡ
һʱ֮󣬾īЩԾˡΪʱ飬ֱ̫˳ˣ
ԭǶⶫûκεĵֿû£϶չر˳óī۶Щ벻ͨǣˡΪʲôˣ
˵ɴϽ϶Ҫʹİ
㣬ӾǱߣī֪ˡ
˵ϽûˡҪôĻǾе̫Сˡ
ǶѾ赽ϽϽǱȥˣҪǶԷһ㶼ĻҲΪһˡ
£ܾЩΡīų˵ʱȥӴЩ˹ǣȥһϽ𹬡
۶ʱЩųī磬Ҫʲô
ī˵ܾЩͬѰ˵ô飬ԷӦ֮֮
ǻô˳˳ĽɴϽ֮󣬾ȥң졭ЩĿųīžߵǻۣϧǣࡣЩʱһЩ뷨رⲻˡΪʲôҪô
ī۵ͷ΢΢һЦ˵İɣ粻ȥܵġܹסѾˡߵĻû˭ܹ
īһ˵ðޱȡһ۾ðСˡЦ֪ҪӦңһҪСЩЩɶǻ֡
īݸһЦȻͷ漴ʧ
ϽϽ𹬣½ϡԳī֮󣬵һʱͽӽϽߵ˵ڼ֮󣬳۾ڵһʱ佫
վϽģϽڵһʱ֪顣Ҳʱǰԭʵ̫ŭˣ
ڵϽȴȫû˹ȥַŭԼ棬ŷŰ壬ȤʮǿһŮ赸أ
Ž赸

ζ
ΪʲôĴߣûŶյأ
Ͻһ߿һﹾţһĻǱ˿Իᾪ°͡
ݵλĴﲻڿЩҾȻµۡ
ʱϽķŰ棬ͻȻ䵯һֱ֣ӰϽһǶдţһʮ󣬾Ͻĵط㣬밲һī
ģ
ϽѷŰӳȥζû뵽īȻңȻеҪ棡
֮ǰĴȻ֪̹ķĴ߸īֲϵǲûΪīĻһ
Ͻˣǻᰡ
Ĵ֮ǰ룬ҪôڲԺ£īһ棬öһЩ顣
ڳīȻˣˣ
һ˲䣬ϽϣԼʱһ˿Ҫͷͷգۼ䣬ɢˡ
Ҳ˵ܲססأͷԺͻŹԼˣ
һ뵽ԺϽһĸоĴ̫ණҪ֪ҲǷеĶڰȻһ֣Ҳӵżߵݵλ
Ƿָ߹ݵλΪܹطά縶˶ͷǾȻ˱Ǹ
ˣ
ƭǣΪĸĻ˵һϵƣ˭ܲˣ
ȻĻңҲ᲻ǻˡ
ԺǱߣȻѾҵܹعάķǵ̬ȣ˾޴ת䡣Ѿôˣ
뵽⣬ϽһйһԵĸ
ϽԼ֮⣬û֪ĸʵݡһ࣡
ܷ̣
ൽµϽεĸȻһࡣ
ȥطһˣȻķϽԸ
ĸ˵ʲôطµͷֱӾͿ첽ȥˡ
һᣬϽ΢΢˫ۡ
ıûȻԼǸطܿһʮ߰ꡣ
괽ݰ׵ģĺӢ˼ϽĻһһϳ꣬ǰϽһģһ
ϽʱӵˣѾˡң٣ϽԴӳˣеʼ֮󣬾ҲûἰԼʱ顣
ĳһéȥ
Ǹé֮۾ת˼Ȧ˼ȻΣֱӾʧˡ

īûеȴ̫õʱ䣬ͼ塣֮һ۾ȷԷݣΪͬѪīǴҡҪһ壬˵ѡ
֮ǰ칬½ڻϵĴҩȻȥһصص࣬īһ۾Ϳ
롣˵Ļ٣Ĭԡīû⣬Ҳûк棬ֻǼ򵥵˵һ֮󣬾Ϳʼǰ·ˡ
ųīһéݡéݣϽ𹬵ķΧ֮ڣ
ֵطͨݡϽУǡһ㶼ۡ
⣬ʵϽ֮ǰһֲá
Լ·Ĺԡ
é֮󣬳ī˼оһɿռ
īûκηľٶκЮţһصĵط
ֱʱ˲ЩȵĿһۡΪĿˣ飬ôŶһء
Էûʡ
ܿ죬īϽĴǸʮ߰ꡣ
֪𣬾ڸոգһ˼ҪҪ취꿴ųī˵
Ǹˣ仰˲侯һĿųīƴľٶֻҪһ仰϶Գī֡
ܴܲùǾͲĿǷΧ֮ˡ


1899 ֻ
ϽЦŰڰ֣ȥɣˣɴ򲻹ңʵ˵һĿйͬ񣡡
ʿһ۳īҲ¶һĨɫȴһϻû˵
ȥɡϽİڰ֡ô˵ԼĸվԼˡŵùġ㣬ʲôġ
˴뿪֮ڵһʱ䣬ȲĴͳһŰһŵֹûдʱ䣿ġǧҪ
֮
ģϽųī˵ˣ֪һֱҶ壬Ϊʹ޵ġ
ߵĸ塣ī˵
ҵ¡ֻһ˵Ͻ˵Ҷʹޣ֮ǰѾʼˡҼҪһĸı䡣Ǹʱʶ̹š
īĬţûв졣
̹嵱УҼˡֱ̫ˣеѪ̫ǿˡԣֻܷѡϽ˵
ú𣿡īϽʵ
ڣʲôΪʲôҪڣϽЦǺǵĿųīˣˣڣ
ʱҲ̥壬ңȻΪˣҲᱣԡڡǡǡУһī˵
ռΣҵǻ㻹ءϽһ֣Ȼųī˵ɣңʲôĿģҲҴܵģôͿżɽɡ
Ͻĵһȥأ
һ̹ǱߵŮʿΪ粢ߣֻдʥ赸ȴһ
̹磬Ͻ죬һжˣǾһ޷֣ҲֻΪЩʿܲŻ˵һ˱֡
ô鵱УбŮܹӱ赸жҲͿ֪ˡ
֮ϣһǡ
ϲˣֱÿյĴͣһԵ֡
֣ۺ졣
Ϊˣֱڵһʱ䣬ѡ˼壬ΪһΧԱȻֵ룬һ룬ֱӽ塣ԼǿҪġ
ΪǱʲƸʵ̫ˣԼҽܡȻʣµЩҲѹ澳硣ңǺܶʱĻ۶ѣ
īҲ֪Ůޣ벻ǰϽȻҲϲ
Ŀĺܼ򵥣֪ǵ棬ôġī˵ΪôʱȥǵķӦܲԾ
Ϊû˵׷ɱǣϽųī˵ϹˣԺ˵𣿡
īϽֱӣٻе㲻ϰߵġ̹Ȼĵͷһɶɵǰɣ
Ͻ⻰оʲôжɵģҲǶķ
ǵͷǸطķķûо֣ѡںϣԣǷУΪĴڡͬʱҲᷳ顣
Ҫȥ԰ɣīϽ
ϽͷҲõ˲Ϣ
īЦЦˣӦҲǴԺеһԱɣ
ֵϽԾˣųīôģ
ֱī̹Ȼʼ磺ܾʲôطԣ˵ˡԭ
ŶϽµĿųīڵЩżȥˡÿ춼ԿҲһʱˡ
ҿˣӦþһص塣ϣЩȴԵúΥ͡ԣȻԼϲǸݡû취ͣī˵ţȻϽ𣿡
ϽĬһ£ȻȻЦ̹һ۾Ϳû뵽Ҳһ尡˵һ塣˵ⷽı£Ҷ㡣
īûоýǼϽ
Ͻ˵Ժһֱڱƿ硣ġĽͬҲġϿĴĴ죬Ǹ߸ϵϴڡʵϣȴҲҪڴԺǱߡΥǵ־ҲûʲôΪһֱǶһ룬Ǿǣܹ뿪磬صԭĸά硭
Ͻ˵ţȻųīһ̾ϧǣһֱΪǣʵϣȴڴԺУǣǡǡ
Ҳ˵ڴԺУĴҲãЩҲãǷһԱһȫµ壿īϽʵ
Ͻͷ
ԣǰװ׵Ŭô֣꣬˼ҲˣīЩΪʲôϽΪʲôַӦˡ
ǲ棬ڣѾǵİʯˡϽ¶һĨ֮ɫҪĴȫ顣Ҫ̹𣬶ңҪʱ򣬻Ҫһѡ
īϵ𾪣װġȫûԤϵ飬ܳԾ
ԣ㿴ڲôѷ赽ҼſڣҶûϽųīǲǾúˬ
Ҿе㡭ëȻī˵ԺǱߣҪʲô
ϽҲīһҲ£ֱ˵Ҫֻأ
īֱüͷϽֻأֻܿأ
ԭ϶ǲܵġϽʮƶ˵ǵ磬ӦþͿˡ
ôīȫ޷˵
üͷŵĿϽ𣬵ǾͿԿֻˣҡֻأһֱڵ𣿡
ڡϽ˵ֻأͲڹ˵ֻأ϶СΧķ磬ֻлֻأûֻصġ
νĻֻأָ۹Σ֮ûǰãֻسʲô˭˵׼Ͻ˵ֻأʱ򣬾ûκܹƿˡǿֻصĴԺʱҲȫƿء
ǻҪʲôīʵ
Ͻ˵ԭܼѽҪֻصάȥ
īϽ


1900 δֲ֪
ΪĻҲ̸һ¡ֻ飬ƿκУһ¡˵д飬Ӱ쵽ֻصһ֡
ЩˣǿԾԼֻ֮ٶ˵硣
Ҫֻܹءʱÿһ飬ǰչȥֻأȥ磬ʵҲƽˡ
֣ʿ˵ͲʲôˡԽǿʿܵӰԽ
ΪֻҪ񣬾վ޵һ죬ȵԺ޷ƿֻءʱֻػУһϵĹ¸ˣΪߣº˼ֻ֮󡭡ʮа˾ţʲôý֡
ԣԽǿö飬ֻصģʽԽǻưɣ
īţųĬϽĵһ޾Ŀ£϶ٰɣ
ϽųīЩΪȻı֪ʲôЦΪˣ㲻µΣ
˵ī˵
ֻأƽ⣬ûǰǣֻأҪ֮ڲſԵģܶʼϢУһ顭ǿٻˡ˵ԺЩǣһᱻֻصԭĸάȥʱ򣬻һı仯𣿡
ϽУż־֣иĳŪ֮ɫ˵ЩȷǺܿ־ķ뿪ֻأڣǿ־ˡ£Ѿغˣ֪̹ΪλѡҲûнԴԺͬҲǵ⡣ͬʱеʴ̫ˡܹʱ䣬лЩ飬ţܹɰٴе鶼䡣ˡˡ뵽硣ΪڣʵҲӰҵġһԶ뵽
īһϽˣϽȺĴڣȻΪ־岻ԸֻأԭȴΪһֻؿЩԺֻصά֮ͻֱʱ򣬾ʲôˡҪֻسݻޣҲʧȥǸᣡ
Ժôһ˿ֻصķ磬ǳˡϽųīǿֻصĹؼȴϡ˵ϡǣ磬ôͨһЩֶΣͿ¿ֻˡȻǸʱ硭ˡ
īü£ȷ
Ͻ΢΢һ׳īʲô±
˵ֻؿ֮ЩԺķǷĻᱻֻصάȥ飬Ƿǿȫ϶ġ
Ͻԥһ£ʵʵ˵ĵǺȷֻأ˽ûô͸˵ţī˵־磬ֻص˽⣬ҪһЩΪ𣿡
īͷҶֻص˽⣬飬ʮа˾ġ
ϽЩŭĵ㻹Ƿȷǲҵ𣿡
īҡͷȻǣֻҪ֪£֪١
֪Ĳ٣Ҷֻأ˽ĲϽ˵
īͷãӦͣ巢չĽŲһֶΣٶȻָȥ״̬
Ͻʮ߰ϣ¶һĨЦⲻʵ
ǰȻʵ
Ѿ̶ֳȣҪͣ£Ҳǲܵһˡ
ΪɵӰ죬ܻ
һ⡣īϽĴᷴ飬Ժ᲻֪Ҳ˵ϸֵ·ͬҲƵõΪʲôǻ鷢أ
ϽһųīΪʲô
£ô򵥡īϽһЩ飬ڻ벻𣬻˥ܣֻؾͻῪǹرա
ֻص˽һЩ˵ʲôԭ򣿡Ͻ˿̣Ҳе¶ãȻ֮ɫ
Ȼǻٵ飬漰ʵĵȷǲ˽⡣
ī˼ţ֮ǰ˸˵Щʱ˵ɱЩʵҲûʲô壬Ļ֣ڰеЩ
ֻҪЩȫŻİȫ
ȻѾ֪ˣˡʵķԺеЩ֮һһ
ôڸ˵Ƿʱ벻ֳȻҲӦ㵽ġ
ĻͳˡȻԺЩǣܹԤֳ棬ΪʲôҪǡҪƲһ¡ٳɽֳ棿
ī뵽һ⡣ǾǷ硣
ߵĳۣû⣿īģţ۾û⣡ߵۣǱõһأ
뵽⣬īȻֲĸо
ֲʲô䣬ֲһ£δ֪
ȫŪ׵˵Ĵ㣬ȫ޷˵뷨ȻһһһУȫڶԷԤϺƿصʱǣֲһ飡
ǵģ
īϽȻ仺˵ֻ֮飬ʵӲֻصġң鳾жϵԺеǣĿֻأǱõĴ󹦵¡ȻԼٽԼͶ뵽ֻصеĻͻصάȥʱֻȱΪֻˡʱֻϵͳͻ뵽Сǵ磬ҲͲˡ
ǰǶףϽųīҪôأ
ɱǡī˵
ȿȡϽһĿųīܹɱǣģҪ֡Ѿôˣ
ɱīϽ
ɱǽȥԺϽ˵ĴԺû֪һģĸά硣ÿһνԺǵǸطʵϣȴûУ䣬ûܹҵ
ûҵôīüȻָоԼܹҵǸطģ
УīڣŪԺⲽ壬ʲô˼˵Ҫ𣬲ֻܿصĻôѾ֪ˡһԼֹ¡ңԺҲӦĴԼ
ϡںϣ
ī˳˼С


1901 Ժı
īͷʼһ顣
ڵǣԺҪֻءȻͨˣȡڳīóīߣתƵЩνڰеķϡʵϣڰеġٿصķʵָӦҲǴԺеЩߡ
ϿԺǱߣϣīע⵽ǵģ
û˵ָûгīųҪ̿ôīӦǲ̫֪Ժ֯٣ڣǲӦ֪ǵġ
Ҳ˵ԺǱߣе㡭Ȳˣ
Ǽеϣīܹע⵽ǣ֪ȺĴڡֲôԣԣͨǱĬַʽһģյīȻóīڲ֪Уעǡ
̣ͬˮһȻûһͻأ
˳֮Ȼǵڶ⡣
ԺǱߣΪʲôҪĴԼѵͲĴľǿҵķ
ǵʵѾŸĴѾûʲôˡǻҪǵⲻǵڱĴԼô
֪һֽȴȻôˡ
ôֻˡ
һ֣ԺǱߣѾȫеȨѾҪʲôˡֿܣǱĬīע⵽ЩͻжϵĻԺǱߣӦûûǿƵʲôںĵز
ڶ֣ǴԺ뿴ĴԼͬȥǵֳ档
֮ǴԺУ
ҪǣͬҲƽˣ
ī뵽Ҫ飬ͬǣĪˣ
īȻһ⣡
ӵʱֻصôȻԽȥǱԽ뿪
ʱ򣬳īȻſۣϽʵи⣬ɱ𣿡
Ͻƺīʵôסˣüͷ˰죬ȻҡͷδҲδ
īͷǺãʱշ޷ɱǡɱߣ޷ֻ
˵⣬ϽͻȻųī˼ǣԺôֶΣ˶Ĳ֣ĿġΪ˲ǲԼ
˵⣬Ͻ̲סһ˵ĪǡѾӵˣʱԿֻصȻҲʵ㵽ֻͨ뿪硣ǣҪһ־Եеľ棬ǲòȥԿǣ֪ˣһıôǶȥǡΪȨǵ
īͷЩۺʱҲֻܵóһ
Ͻ̲סüͷ˵ڵֻأһǻῪġҲǣǶôǣǾͿ˳սȻ󣬽ֻءûǣôͬҲǡ
ī˵У񼸺Ҫ鲼ķ磬Ҫ̫ãͿԽľ֮ϵʱһô磬Ҳһ˲ܶ࣬صǰʱʱ飬еһַŭ
Ͻ˵ԣ磬ףʵ޾֧һ硣һ⣬ô磬Ҳͳ⡣ջ⣬ҪһҵĶ˵᲻־ҵĶƶֻصĿأ
īü˼
£͹ϵֻؿˡ
з磬ô죬̫ƽġġ£Ҳܷ̫ĶҡһûˡɼףѰ
ʱ򣬶϶ǻᷢģⳡīҲãϽҲãʵԤ
˵ԺûտֻصֶΣô磬һҪƻĶī̧ͷϽ˵֮ǰһ÷鼰ġȻ󣬻Ҫ飬ϰ
ԣҵԴˣϽϣҲ¶һ˿˷֮ɫȻΪصĵҲ˵ߵǸʵȻǴԺµһӣһöӡ
īʱԺкȻ֮ǰ˵Ļɵ˵ͷãӦԼҲʲôˡȻĻӦòôĺֺ׼
׼ȷ˵ʵѾʱ׼
뵽⣬īЩ鴤ͬʱҲǳķŭ
ԺǱߣҪֶͨΣĶ޾ѪͻȻǵֶΣֹܻЩбĲáҪ׽졣
ȻУֻأ¹
ʵֻأһ¡٣ڳī£ֻؿǶƽġûиά£Żġ
ȻĻֻصĿ͵ڱ磡
īȻ뵽ֹֻͣתǲǡҲΪЩάĴ뵼µģ
ţϽֻô
Ͻһܿ϶Ĵ𸴣
ǣǲȺά뵽ֻ֮ؾֹͣתˣīʵ
Ͻ۾һ漴ͷ񡭡
ô˭رֻأīʵ
ϽУ¶֮ɫ£ұҪȥѰһԶż䡣Ͼ̫ڹϵˡҵļУӦûصĻġҪѰһ
īͷڣĿԣѾˡԺǱߣյĿһȺƽٱңȻƶֻصĿڶֻؿ֮󣬲ԸԸ⣬ǶȻͨսϡ
ϽͷĿǰĻӦþˡ飬̫ֶ̫ࡣЩǸһ˿塣ķͬġҲӦþġ
Щ⣬Ҫٵ飬ҪԼˡ˵⣬īԼЦһ£Լ򵥣ԶѡʵϣϽ˵һжıĴơЩˣȻ֪Ժ뷨ڴʱ˿̣ҲѾȥֹ
٣ûͿˡ
Ͻ˵衭
˵⣬Ϊڷ磬ʵֻ̿ˡϽ쵱У縲ǵ򣬻Ͻİٷ֮һءңУǸͻûС
ԣϽųī˼ҲԡҪҪͣ
īҡͷġ
ģԴ޾¸۵ദͬһĸ顣ѡųۣ
ܸоۿܺǰѾ뵽ЩˣԣŻԼһ֡
ңվǲѷɫԺЩߵĴڡ
ⷽ棬īų۵ġ


1902 Ĵ
ϽųīȻԺҪ޴ңؿֻصĻҪҪһ£
ī֮
ϽͷԣǿıǲʱɱǣΪڣǻȷǵҪôֻܿءʱǲҪһ£ǻûֻأ
īҲΣϽҾã㻹Ѱһ£Զʱ˭رֻءҾãĹؼ֮
ϽһȻĵͷãȥѰҡ㲻Ҫǻͷ÷Űϵ
ģϽֱӸȥ
īҲ뿪һéгȻ첽ʧϽ
һУûκ
Ժ
ʵĴԺʲôӣѾܹ˵ˡĴӴԺ߳ĶڣҲЩ˵Ժˡ
Ϊһɲġ
ʱ򣬻һƬֺϵĹʱֻһƬͰéݣеʱһƬơһһɽʲôпǴԺ޴Ѱңַ·޴ڡ
ǴԺ
һɶķƿص֯
ԺУһһλͷλߣ滹ʮʹߡͷ֣еλߣֱޡɡңʮʹߣֱӳîȡ硢δꡢϡ硢ǼʮФԴʱļ׼
Ĵ죬ʵǷֱλߵġ
еңĳۣң֣ƺϲűǩ֡ɾˣϲ˽ɡ
Ҳֻλߣġ
ңǽԼӡ£ΪĲ֣ķʡԼһΪǿڳīߡ
һȻˣҲܱ֤ͬԼÿһӣҪá
۶ԼڳīߵǿӣͬûоԵİյġ
īϽõģı
ԣֲһ⣬˵ʲôֻҪĴ̣ǵƿţ㹻ˡ
˿̣ڴԺУĴһ
ǵϣȫɵЦݡȥ̬ƺ൱ɡ
岼Ѿɣ磬Ѿ֡˵£ǳ˳
ϸ˵ֻصĿҪ飬ͬƶܿ
ɡҲˣ˵Ǹ˹رֻأȫȸԾҪؿûôסȻѾֲĴ󲼾֣˵ҪؿҪҺãЩˡֲáǲҪβֻܿءԣֻܱȥҲ²⡣⣬ΨһĻᡣ
ңҲǳۣλ˵Ȼúܶ෽ǵߡ£ʵһ
λȫĬ
£ôֻص¿Ѿûֹˡ
ΪĴƣѾ˲ֻزеĵز
ִƣ޾£Խһ³ɵĲ֡
ʵҲãĹϵҲãû̫ĹϵˡҲ˵īϽķȻԡϣȴ˺ܶ࣡
ⲻ˵ǳīֻ̫˵۽绹ûָ߶ȣɽУȻ޷ɽ֮ȫò
ԺЩ飬ҲΪ˵ߡ鵽һٳκεĲˡҪЩ׽īĴȺ˸ԻסҪǱЩ飬ǣס˼ά
ȻĻƾīǵĴ˵ĻᷢĸԴڡ
ǸԴڣ
۽˵ѾʮʹԤ飬Щ˵У뵽㣬ʮʹߣҲǵġʮʹ߲У٣ҲԸȡ㹻ʱ䡣ʱǾʱӦˡ
λȫ˵ͷ˵ǣ飬ô˰ɡֻؿĴƣѾûֹܹˡǲţΪľһ졣Ҫһ񡣡
һɹṦһġʮƶ˵ʵʶ⣬ҪȥѰҵĻ룬ʮа˾ţҲҲǸڵġ
ȴҡҡͷ˵ҲҲǱˣǸȻΪһιرֻصԪɢȥʵϣԪɢȥԪɢҲ塣ּĴڣѾĲ
˵ǸȻǵĸά棬ͬҲΪĴڡɴˡ
һͷµ񣬶Щ˵Ѿ¾㱸Ľ׶ΣͲһɶ硣ʵϣʲôֻҪֻؾͱȻؿ
λͷĹݳһ
飬ˣó֮󣬻ͻȻ֣ԭ˼򵥡֤Уȴǳۺʹġ
ԣ𣬲¿ֻأƼ򵥵Ľۣˮʯʱ˶ãŶȻ˼򵥣Ϊ֤£ľͷ޾
ڣѾǿʼջʱˡ
䣬Ѿûʲôܹ赲ɴơ
屻ѹ޾£ԭΪˣ˺ܶ࿲޾ǿƻع飬ûܹ
ԺߵĻ̸ܿͽˡ
߸ɢȥ׼
ϽߣȻһֽ漣ٶȣѸٵš˶ѾȫĵͶ뵽鵱С
īʱ򣬷覵ŮӣȻЩˡ
һʿ˵ʵе̫ڿˡ
ǲ̫ƣˣīųۣ¶һĨ֮ɫ
ôõ£һ·ദȻûѪϵϵϣȴѾһ
磬ҺأЦеĿųī˵ĺˣ飬ҸоԼ䣬Ǻмֵġ
㱾ͺмֵ޿ģīų˵
۵΢΢һȻųī䡭˲̹ţΰ󣬵Ҳ
ī֣˳ĳЦҡҡͷˣ֮ãΪÿһ飬Ƕһ޶ģûĸǱƳģÿһ飬ԼصĸԺͼֵԣκһ飬ǲġ㡣ҾãĴڣӦþһǻۺȫĶ
Щݵϣ¶һĨĺΣ۾ɢſĵĹâųī磬ʶһΪĵһ¡
ҲǡīһĿųۡ
ԣԺһܺõģ磬Ҳһܺõģ۵˸Ĺâ


1903 ڹ
磬ܿϽӿ
ЩһνӴǣȫˣ
ȫûȻ˷ḻʵĶңⶫȻǴ紫ģ
ǴĴأеõŰ˶ˡ
ڵڣÿһ۷Űĵȫ𱬵޷ĳ̶ȡЩֻһŰߣ˵ӦúܿŶԡ˴ģӵ¡
ھõȨЩŰ˹嶼ŵˡ
ͬҲЩģ˻𱬣ǴǱߴĶ᲻ĲǷɱ
û뵽ǣϽ죬ϵ£Ȼⶫûһķ
ңһЩйϵ˹壬һϽڲŰҲѾһ̨ĶСϢ˵Ͻϣһ̨
Ȼµαûô׿֤ˡٿ˵Ͻĸ߲ǣԷŰֶƺ̫ķС
зŰĻ𱬳̶ȣһЩͨ໥ңʿȫסˡǵϣзŰ塣İⶫ
һ뵽ңûз磬Щ˱ļ١ѾȫӦз뿪һ죬ޱȡ
ԣЩ˸ɴϽ߷ҪѰҵˣǾѷ縲ǵң쵱С
ȺʿȻʵֻͬ˵ˡ
Ҫڹȥ˭˵ֻ϶ҪǴġżߵݺ͵λֻҲ׵ڹȥ
ڣǽֻȴû㲨
ΪϽ˵ǸǱߣѾʵĳϵͬ
ԴˣΪµʼٸߣīۣҲǶЩû뵽ġ
īУҲһͷ룬ֻصĿǲǱѾһֲĽ׶Σ
ֻص˽⣬ҪǿһЩʿġ
ڳīֻأ˵ʵǺһ¡
ΪֻҪһ֮󣬾ͿͨһЩֶΣԼԪľתֻصĹУǰļ䣡
һЩֻҪ̫ùôֻ֮󣬳Ҫ̫ãͿԽȥľٴȻ󻹿Խ֮ǰڲΪ֪طԴóԼٶȱø졣
ֻأȱģ
ȥһѭ
ᵼǿǿԶûгͷ֮ա
һּĲƽ
˵ԭûʲôƽԣ˵ȴҪԵĹƽġ
˵չºˣѡӦֻءԽǿʿԽǿԽиָѡ
Ͻֱ֮Щ죬īһֱڿ顣룬Լ֮ǰЩֻһƺʵʵϣЩֻأȫΪġ޹ء
˵¿ֻصĻô֮ǰŴֻص飬ӦҲͲٷˡ
һ˵ֻأǺбҪһ¡ī
ϽԴӷֿһֱûиκϢīҲżΪҪҳһ˭رֻأûô򵥡
ȣǿѾǲ֪ôԶǰˡ֮ǰ
ΪˣҲѾû֪ˡ
ֻ֪һ㣺磬Ѿ̫ˣԶ׷ݵʱ䳤ӵΡ
ʱѾȥ˺ܾãϽǱһֱûʲôһֱ˳īˣҪϽȫʱϽǱߣڸīݻϢ
Ű֮ϣֻ֡
档
ī֣˶ֱӾˡȫŵĸоΪʵЩ̫˼ˣ
棡
䣬ѵеڶйĵط
ȻĻӦþ̹һ
˽Ǹ
ǵطĳī˵ȷǺܴһƬ򣬶Һء˺ī֮ȥǸطҲжˡ
Ϊľʱһͷͽ涼ɨԼľʶУʲôܣ϶ڵһʱ֪
ԣīһ֮󣬾ͼ²⡣
ϽַһϢдţ棬޾֮أ̹Ŵߡ
īо
˵ոҪǸ²⣬ôϽһϢ֮󣬳īѾȫȷ桭ӦþǸ棡
ţвЩ֮ǰܹһЩʱ䣬ú̽һ¹Ļ˵Ѿܹˡ
ϸ룬ȷء
үүȺˣԼڹ֮ȫһֺܹ״̬޾¡ȻĻǵʱ־磬ǲܻôġ
īѾˣүүȺˣһ֮⣬ʣЩʵȫû
ˣ˹֮ȴõ״̬Ѿ뵽澳Ĵãʵʱ»һࡣȴѾϰ̬ҲԸٱ仯ˡ
󹫼Ҳ˵ء
۽Ⱑī̲סЦԳԺʶľԼûʲô̽ˡΪһʶȥͿԽһо۵ס
ȴû뵽ЩʱܾԼߡֻûвˡ
ܹҵرֻصλڣôԺһıʵѾȫ⿪ˡ
ʱҲòһжǿ㣬²⡣òһ׼Ĵ𰸡īһָоԺǱߣҪֻأûô򵥡ңһĲ֣ˣĴԼһеֶΣڳīһֻĸо·ǹڸԼĴ¶һ
īûлظϽһʱҵ˳ۣȻȥң磬Լһ̹硣
ûʳīҪȥʲôԼԼϵһЩ⡣ΪЩԼҲǿƲ˵ġֻǿųī˵ҪǻȥĻһҪСġǧҪסܷʲô飬ȱסԼҪġ
ī۵ͷ΢Ц˵İɣҾȥء
۵ͷ
漴īųۣǳң߷
ңкܶݵλߵ˹壬ѾεòҪҪˡ
ԣң߼һƬ֮ң죬׵ġ˲ͱˣ
Ǵң춥壬ȫڵһʱ䣬ƬӿʮĹ򶼲Ըȡڵһʱ䡭ܵ
Ϊ֮ǰǴЩϽʿѾ˹ڷŰļ仭档
ЩĿۻң
ڼ׷޼޵˹ǣǿ۽ˡףԭ塭׷󣬸һǻҪߣҲڶˣԭ裬ǲ֡ǻҪǿܶ౶
ַĽĿǿѡ
˵ŽŽлӦܵĸƷʣ
ԭĿЩһУ˲䱻Ʒˡ


1904 ʮʹ
ǲҪڵһʱ俴ЩҪȥǵУ̫̫뷨Ͷ׷еҪЩȥ̽ȥȥͨ
ԣԭƬȫܾӵı߽򣬼Ƕ̶̵ļ֮ڣѾӵ˹Ǹռˡ
ңߵ壬ȻһֱΪң˳ԭ򣬲ûоܵϽЩĴǶǣȻʮУٻЩܵġ
ǶЩǺǿң
żǣǺγ
Ϊǻ֮һֽͬҲģ
ΣͻȻ䷢֣Щӵ˹ǣǵ̬ȣһģֱòˣ
֮ǰֶڣֱһλã·ЩĺӶڹƵġ
ߵ嶼Щˣ׷ʲô
ֱ֮󣬷￪ͨˡǲ׷ʲôҲˣԭѾչֵزѾӰ쵽ˣ
һ죬֪жʧʹޣ
ӣһȥˡ
ҲرˣߣŰȨֱӸ˵һݵλߵʿ塣
Ǹ壬ңƬ߽൱Ӱ˵ĵͷ߼塣
嵱У澳ʿмʮҲһɲС
ȻЩӵ˹ǰԵʮСʲôˡЩ˹ҲףѾǸȥˡǿѾһֲ赲Ĵơ
ûķ˶Χô
֮ǰ飬ȥôãҲЩ߲ǵ໥Ѿ೹״ˡ
ıȻֻһ죬ȴͬңߵĺܶ˸߲һѺʱңǲ˶ļΧ˺׷ɱпҲ⵽ײеı
һ뵽Ǹܶʿ̲סңи
˵Ƭԭңڶʱڣ˲𣬱һƬޱȷ
ΪˣûǸ󣬾ֱӷŻ˶ңļ衣Ƭ򣬿˵һһ
ƬУ˵Ǹĵͷ߼ˣЩͨ壬Ҳĺô
ΪģҲֻЩɡ絽ʱһܸˣҵġһڷ΢Цϣܿ¶һĨг֮ɫ
૵ʱЩء
ʱ䣬ܹһֲԤУ·ԴһڲϵѹСܹԵĸоӵеȫһ¡
뵽һֿܣ
ɺͷѣ
ķһַͬҲԽвϵķѡ
ȻҲֻķһ㡣ڷѵĹУһԼøǿ
۲߱ѾǶķˡ٣Уġôǿķǻʲô
£ûиī˵Ϊ֪ԼӦô˵ңǲһģҲ˵
ϣԼܹ궯ѹסڲϼĹУҲڻѰŰ취ѰŽ֮
ȫ˵ĻǾ͡ǾͽԼˣ
۵۾ų貵ĹâΣκδڣ˺ҵĸ磡Ұ磬ҰеÿһѣҸҵĸ磡
īһˣաÿһԿԽһƬǺӡĵͷ磬Ѿһ۷״̬ʿԪīȴȻĺܡ۷׳ʱкܴľ롣
ΪѾǸ׳ʿ۷ڲŻеĲΡңī֮
ԣǰУһ˿ʱ򣬳īڵһʱ䣬ѾӦˡȴװʲôûзֵӣƬֱӷȥ
ڶԷҪһ˲䣬ī̧֡һ
û˿ĵôģֻУһ˼ƥȻ
һѪɫ֮⣡
ϣ
߱ĵ棬ն˲佫޾ңԶĵطһӰն˳
ԷֱӶһۣ
ӡһߣȻ䱬һȡ
ͬһɺųīߣֱӺ
īûһۣ̹ӣ˲ʧڽƬһ
Ӱ
ţУ
ӡîȡ硢δꡢϡ硢
Ժеʮʹߣ
Ѿ˺ܾúܾˣ
ĴڣԺвû˭ܹҵرֻصǸڵԪ飬ȴ֪һ£ǵԪ顭ʮа˾ţ̹統У
Ϊͬ壬̹һҵλԪ飬Ȼߵģ
ԣʮʹֱڳīȥ·ϣǲΪī뵽Ϊī֪Щ顣
ǵĿУīһ̹ʱˡһոûжµ࣬Զ֪أ
ĴǱߣͬҲӦ֪Щ顣
ΪԶʱرֻ£Ҳһܡ
û뵽īǳ
Ϊʲôû֪Ժʮʹȫһ飺ΣҲóīȥһҪס
սûκǰ׵ֱչˡ
׵еġӡʹߣīһһ֮󣬼ɥʧս
Ϊīһ̫ˣ
ϵ޾ɱѾֱϮʹߵԴСҲ˵īһȻǿʹߵԴϣʵЧȴһġ
ʣʮһʹߣֱӽīΧסûκηϻֱӶԳīɱ
ЩԺеʹߣÿһӵΪս
ȻǿᣬȴҲûв̫ࡣ
Ⱥ˵·óīȷһ飺ԼһΣһ߶ˣ
ȻĻȺӦó
ǾǴԺеЩ߼˰ɣ
īţȴȫûܵκεӰ졣ÿһͬʯ쾪һ㣡
޾Уһɾ޴ɱˡ
ңīԹƿҪȴǰ̫ࡣ
ÿһȻƬƻȴС̶ֳȡеĹУ̺޾ɱȫָʮһˡ
ʱǱߵʹߣȻһȻ󡭡ʼ顣
ӣ
Ҫ
ס
Ժʹߣȫߵŭ
⣬δ赲ʹߵı
ֱʧˣȻʣһ򵥵ߡƯС
Щߣʲô˶ܿȻǴ澳ʿҲѷ֡
Щԭʼ̬ķ
Ժʹߣīһˡ


1905 նʮʹߣ
ʣʮһԺʹߣīĿУȫ¶޾ĳ֮ɫͬǻԼҪ߼֪ٱ
ˡʲôһȺ
ڴķЩ˻߼ءһȺΪǵĶ
ڣߵͬ飬Ȼīɱһ
ƯŵЩΪԭʼķҲʮһԺʹһǿҵ궯Ϳ
Ҫɣ
⣬ҲǷһıܡ
ҪԷˮһɣڷ˵Ҳ
ʹߵڸȺһӣ
ֻػûпأͬȥֻع򣬻ҪֻػġĴǱߣӦѾӦĲáʹ߻ֻص䡣
ԣЩԭʼķȻôȥɵȻĻʹֻعͻ޷ɳˡ
ЩͨķǸ³ɳֲεġ
Ƕû뵽ǣīеǰѵȻںԥġõġЩʹߵķԴ
дԺʹߣīͬʱԳī׺ݵľɱ
ֹҪƬո
īһֻ̧֣־һ
̹Ÿ
Ȼϣ
꣡
̫ĴԺʹߣ壬һīֱӸ룡
ԭҪʹߵԴȴû뵽ԼҲͽˡ
īվһ΢΢һɫЩ԰סȥȴû̫ܵصĴˡ
ʣʮԺʹߣѾˡ
޷ΪʲôǿҪ̹Ÿǿ
궼Ǽ̹ŵķʱ̹ȻҲǿ󣬵κ飬ȴǳ·ҲһֱӶ˵鵶ͿЩУֱǷһľٶ
īӣһķӡҪ
˵ҲѾһʱûи˴ˡ֮ǰĴǱߣԭϽ˵ġǼ顣Ĵ͡īҲûа취
Ψһǿߣ׾ٵѹһеС
˵ڻһԺǣڽԺв֮ǰīҲҪŽһܹŽС
Ȼ浽˸Ժϵ죬ĴڱͱӣǾ̫ˡ
ԣĴͷų⣬īȻűҲ˵ԺԺĻЩˣվҪһġ
ô޹ܾܲˡ
ԣīҲѾ˺ܾˡ⡭Ĳǿϡ֮ǰÿڳԣֻܿųææȥŸֹ滮
ڡʹһˡ
ЩСˣڳī˵ͲʲôȫԼϵЩˣһֳֵһոú޾գīͬһǿս
ʣʮԺʹߣ˵ÿһӵŻصǿ׵߸һƬ嫵Ĵ档Ǵ˿ԵģΨһ
ûеڶ
ī֮򣬼ֱֲ̫ˡ
Ҳûκѹ׵ҪʹõľʮԺʹΧ˲䣬Ϳ֮
ܶǰһɱڶĴԶʱĳһֱֹģ
֮еʮԺʹߣֱȫˣ
Ҳ̫ˣԸֵ뷨ҲѾһĸ߶ȡ٣塢鵱УܹԽǵĴڡʵ̫ˡ
ڣԳī֮ķȫûκȥֿ
һ˲䣬ȫĨɱȫ
󣬳īɫЩ԰׵ĳУȥĺܴ󣬵ȴûǰʩչ֮ɱ֮ҲҪܵش
⣬ǳīĽ
󣬳ī߱ɿˣ߱쿪ʼЩƯյķԴ
īѵ̲סЦôָоӦǷһôණҲ³ţ
߱췢ڿīĳЦ
ˣİɡԼеĵī൱ݵġ
󣬳ī⽥
ԺȻʮǿķžҪס
ǵĳīǿԸʮԺʹߣҲҪܵ޴شЩĽȫѾԽǸľ硣
Ѿһµĸ߶ȡ
īҲѾԼ֪Ȼ̳е̹ŵĵ뷨ҲѾ߳ȫԼ·Ѿٽڹȥ֡
īÿһޱȵд⣡
ȥǵһ
󣬵߱쳹׽Щԭʼչ֮ûֱ̹ͣķȥ
Ժߣٴξףǵɫȫޱȵء
ȿڣ˵Ƕ͹˳īʵҵµĸԴڣң겻һʵѾ־磬֮ǰȫû뵽ġ
˵˵Ѿûˡҽ飬ĸһͬ֡
޿˵Ļո塭£ֽ˥ȥ
˵ᣬ壬Ѿ졣Ǵ˭ܹ赲ˡһȻԵ˲һӰ죬ġ
΢΢üҪȥʾһ¾ͷɡ
ˣȫĬ
˵ͷѾ̫ûжˣ֮ǰҲûȥʾûκηӦҲ֮ǰһʾֻؽʱȥžͷԵ̫ܣ
޿һۺɣ˵ûиںϹôմȾһԣ
΢΢ü˵Ļֻʵѡ
ʱˣ˵̫ˣȻܵӰ졣ҪΪ³ˣûʲôֵóġͬɵĽ顣ҪǸ壬ٻǵˡɱһСֻΪȫȥ嵱еʿȻ𣬱òת͹ˡ
ƺͬѾ֧֣˿ڡޡ
Ǳߵޣü˼ţƺеԥ
˵飬ʲôֵԥǵȴٵĹҲͣȥеһУ
Ҳ˵Ҫԥˡһְͬɡ
ʱУȻ䴫һ翵һĴ߶ʱͬʱڵء¶֮ɫУȻ֣
ñķ֮ڣΨһˡ
Ժľͷ


1906 ŵ
ǳƮ죬޾ĿζΪ
ֻôһ仰ûжʾˣκʾûУ
Ĵߣȴ˲Ͷˡ
塭ɱ
ɺϣȫ¶֮ɫ
ͷɱһҵλԪ飬֪һйȻֻٵ壬ǡ
ᣬֻصĿѾһֱȻʵϣֻأѾҪʼתˡ
У翵ٴһΣȴĴĪİο
Ӧȴ𣿡ʵ
У翵ȴûûиش
ͷŻشΣѾһ漣ˡһ
ɵϣͬż֮ɫ벻ͷĻӦˣøˣ
ۿһۺɣ˵ʲôջû˵˵ϵԡ̫˵㣡
ˣӰ죬ͬԹĳ̶ȡ
ԼȴӲϡ
Ǿ͵Ȱɡ˵ţα䵭ʧ
ţҲȥˡ
޸໥һۣ޺Ȼʵʮʹߡǲǹģ
΢΢һ⻰Ӻ˵һȥӺԼͬ𣿡
ֻǾãϵԣǼСһ˵仰ҲֱƮȻȥ
ʣ³һվĬãȻźȻ̾ϢһʲôҲû˵ֱתˡ
ԺٴαüȻ
īһ·ۣùƼԣٶȷǳ죬Ѿﵽٶȵһּ
ڻصΥ̹磬īûоκˣ˳ǽɫĽڣֱӽ뵽̹統СȻ˽Ƭֱӷɹȥ
Ƭʵĳ彮С
ޱӴĹ棬̹統УԵ̫С׺һڶ㲻ˡ
ܰ
ڳڲҲһǽĽΪڲ˶֪ЩһǣǶܶ嵱еĶڡ
ԣȺУһ廳ĵطûоһĿУһ΢еġسѡ
Ҳûʲôرصĵط
ԣ޾һֱûʲô
īһ͵˹Ȼվڹ֮⣬ûеһʱȥ
ڸ
ľ磬ȥһУȻڵһʱ䣬ī͸ܵĲ֮ͬ
治
ݺĳīУ治
棬ϵһߵġ
̹磬½Ĵ죬ڳīУʵֻǺ嫣Ҳûе޽ֵز
˿̣ȥ֣ط൱
ȣʶȻǽ뵽գ
棬УôʶУҲô
ڳīʶУطȴûߣ
·һ޽ռһ
īһһ뵽浱УȻΣʧ
һ̣һƬİռ䵱С
һƬ¼š
ûκεϢҲûκε
·һƬĬء
һɹɵ͸ϢԶƮ
īϣ¶֮ɫ΢΢üͷԶľ૵ѵԭһĴ治ɣ
ѹֳīԾطʵ̫ˣ
վĵطƬռıԵһ㣡
ϣǰң¡ĸȥǹޱ޼ʡ
ĸȫɢ޾ĸϢ
īһʼƬ߮
ܿ죬ͿһƬƬ½֮ĲƬ
һԲĲƬ֮ϣӣ֣ḧһƬĴء
һֱ˵ĸоȻ
⵽һʲôطΪʲôһƬصĿռ䣬ڹīоκε
ңƬ½ĲƬʵ̫ˡʶȥ̸ȫҲֻܸܵƬأǾٵһƬءĴ½ƬвƯš
طûʱһεȺ嫵Ĵ磬ѷɫκһеı磡
īֻǼ򵥼һ£ѾóһۣطʱһǳԽбģ
пܡıҪΰҪ嫣
һĴ簡ǣΪʲôӣīҪѰҵĴ𰸡
ʼһ½Ƭһ½Ƭ߹ȥϵʶȥѰҡڣڵ½Ƭ棬ҵһޱȲƵ
һܻԻͣҲһܾ޴
ΪѾˣȻһǳô
īվƵǰԵޱȵС
ϵȴܸɢǹƳƽҲǳƽѡ
Գī־磬ʵһܲ˼顣¼䣬ʲôɢֲֿģ
죬īûмһƵģ
ܲƣȥһƬϱڲԫҺܼ򵥣һʯֱӵġ˵ĺۼֵǣȻûһ㻨ƣҲûκ£
ֻеĲɣۼ档
ÿһۼУ̺ĵϡ
īǵĺۼԽԽĸо
Ȼó̹߱ŸȻα̹߱ŸҲϸųīαø
գīΣﵽ֮һʱֹͣˡе߱죬῿ǵĺۼ
ˣ
ֱ߱ӷһ
ǳīδģ
У޾Ĳߡبһ
īֽе̹ŸǸĺۼ
̹ͬŸҲһ
ȴ˰
Ѫڵĸоƺ¼䣬ûʲôܿġ
Ȼµĺۼī̲ס̲̾ס뵽Ī̹µĲɣ
̫ˣһе֤ݣҲûһð𰸡
Ҫҵ࣬ͱԼȥѰҡ
ī֣Լǿƥ򣬲ֱҲ˵Ҫһȥ̽ڲС
īľ磬Ȼͬһȼģ
Ĳһּ򵥵ĳƺ
īһݶ֮ϣȻ˳һ޴Ķֱ˽ȥΪ棬ѾҲˡ
һһǳ޴󡣵ȴûָϢͬҲûκʥϢɢ
īһ̹Ÿһ߱죬ڲռ䵱С
ڣ˺ܾ֮һž޴ġͷ­
ͷ­ƽƽİڷڳīǰԼһٶɸߣ·Ǳһڷǵġ
Ȼ֪Ѿȥ˶ôԶ£ӣȻɼ
棬Ҳûɳ


1907 Ѫ
īֻһۣȷݡ֪˭֪һصص壬٣ϵȻı飬СĻôͻһòӢ䡢ûκ
ԣ壡
ô½ҲӦһ硣
ֻǡΪʲô
ﵽ׾ʲô
īзǳͷ­ǰ̾һȻһ˵֪ǰڣǷԸһָ֪﷢ʲô˵ܹҵ﷢ʲôϢҲС
īûбϣΪʶûܵκεֻһʵӲīĸ֪
ȴʲôûС
˾̾ǣųīеһ˵һ޴ͷ­˫۴ȻʳˡѪᣡ
ѪᣬͬѪӣ˳۽ǻ
ңѪɫˮУȻɢһֻŻɢϢ
⡭īֱӱˣһ͵ĿһĻȫԼġ

̹ŴСΨһ
ˣĺѱκξ󴥶
ڴ˿̣һֹıˣӳīɢ

ֻʣһͷ­񣬿оȻһĵ̾Ϣ
һ̾ϢóīֱëȻĸо̫˵㡣
һѾ֪µͷ­ѪᣬҿоȻһԻ̾Ϣ֮
ţīͷ­۽µѪᣬʹյʱ򣬾һı䵭ˡǱиջȥһ
ǿʵǴҲûȥ
ƺֻôᣬڷ̾Ϣ֮󣬾˾þõĳĬ
īҲûٷʲôڵȴ
ΪڣһСҲ֪ͷ­һŵĴڣһ
˺ܾúܾãڣͷ­ٴηһ̾Ϣ֮ˣ
Կࡣ
˵ĸ֮󣬱˾þõĳĬС
˵ʵڵġɻôī̧ͷͷ­ǳϿңҲ֪ǰʲôʱģҿԸ磬Ѿ鲻˸ζϢңһٵġ硣֪ôӵģҲ֪еһЩɻܸҽܣҾˣһҪ
ͷ­Ȼ˫ֱӺǳһ䣺Ҷ񲻾
һѹͷ­Ȼųīͷѹ
Ȼεģȴһָо·һֱֻ֣ӳųīԴͷѹ£
īϵƣȻһ䣡
忴ȥûκεı仯Ȼֻ֮һСƣȴһ˲䣬ֱѹǹѹ
䣡
˫ĺֱܽӱһ졣
ţﷺƬ̳
̳ͷ­λ
īվԭأһû
˵񣬶㣬һ񣬱ıˣҲ㣬һ浱Լô
λ˴ԼɣԶͷ­ƿ֮ԭͷ­ӵĵطȴǳһ޴Ѫأ
֮ǰͷ­ڸǣҲûκεϢɢīûи֪ѪصĴڡ
էѪأīһ
ѪУͷ­λֱ۳һģѪˣֳһѳֱųīն
īе߱죬ֱӸѪ˵ĳײһ
ī֣Ѫ۳ɵŵǰѵȻ߱һģһ
ϣ
ѵײȻһӵľ졣
īоԼֱһķ顣
жһ׾ٵĽһնϣ
ԷһȻֱ۷飬ңѪеѪȻ
īе𾪣ֱԸӡңĸоԼƺ޵Ľӽһ࣬˵һ׮
Ѫ˸ī֮䣬ֱӱһս
˫ȫֱӾʩչǿĹ
ǿȵĹ֮£ƲȻûܵһӰ졣·ִ֮򶷣ͨĽһ
ۻޱȵײƲǽ棬һûн
īԽսԽľԷսʵ̫ǿˣ
Ҳ֪Ϊγīһֱָо·Ѫˣر˽һÿһԷӦĻӦͬҲر˽ѪһԷҪʲôʽī棬ͬҲһޱϤĸо
оܹ죬·˫֮侭ǧεĶһ
ֶԱ˴˵ϤоóīԼڸԼܡҿѪ˵ĳһƵĵطûС
Ѫ˵ģȫǸոͷ­ģһģһġ
ǿͷ­ڱīɳ֮󣬾ͳ׼ȻˡһűʯͷΣĳһ
ոɢѪ
תۼ䣬īѪѾǧغϡ
īһֱʹ߱죬ûж̹ŸΪҪһѪ˵׻ʲô£
һغ֮˫ȻＤս
غ֮󣬳īѾ˲СġѪˣƺҲ¶ƣ̬
ңīע⵽Ǹ޴ѪеѪˮҲԼѪ֮սһšȻٵĲôԣȴӲīĸ֪
ʮغ֮ѪеѪˮѾܿ˺ܶࡣ
ʱѪˣͻȻݺһīȻŵֵУֱ۳ˡ̹Ÿ
ī˲Ϣ佫߱콻֣ȻϣҲ̹Ÿ
ѵ
˫һΡݺݶԺһ
һΣīûж̹ŸֱʩչԼЩһµĵ·
һȫµķ
ȻȥһӶȥʵϣԷãȴȫͬˡ
һΣѪƺЩ¡Ϊõġ̹Ÿ
ּĽ΢һ쳣ġ
īֵ߱죬ֱӻѪ˵Ĳӡ

ǿƥѪˣ˲仯һ̯ѪˮֱصϵѪصС
һˮ֮⣬棬һεġƽ
īе߱죬ʱ򣬶ѪеѪˮչֳޱǿҵĿ
ȥɣīҪ߱ɿȥѪеѪˮ
ҪһԴֵѪд
īʱס߱죬ü䣬ȴһĨϢôװŪˣ
ûװŪѪУǸѪٴ𣬲һΣȴֿտգҲûмī𹥻ֻǿųīУƺһĽͼʵ档
ʲô˵𣿡ī俴Ѫˡ
ڣѾȫʲôˡ
ѪȻޱǿᣬȴĶ֡
Կ࣬ȻѾǸֺαػصֲ֮أѪ˿ڣųī˫ѪɫУɢ޾ĸӹâ


1908 ַ
īѪˣ˵ˣѾٵĹˣ˵վ³ӵԴͷңѾˡʲô飬ֱ˵ͺˣҸ㣬ͬһʱˡ
ҲˡѪ˿˵ֻǡ֮ѪУ顣
ˣ֮ѪīüͷѪˣУһǿҵĲΡ
ǵģ֮ѪѪ̾һԭһԻͲõĴ硣ˡԭҲܼ򵥡Ȼʧȥ񼯺ȫԴһȫµ硣һЩ꣬뵽Ǹ統ȥʱͨġ
Ѫ˻еϢǳ֮󣬳īĺϸҲûȥŴ϶ԷΪڣʱ
񶼺ܱۣ֪Ȼһȫµ磬ͷҲȻҪԣУԼѪҺΪһĸԴڡѪأȫĸڣһԴأҲս֮ء
Ѫ˵νԴ֮أԴޱǿ࣬ͨȥѪҺ󣬶ԳɳΪһľ뢡Ҳһ񡣵ΪѪҺվ޵ġԣÿһιֻһ񡣶㣬һιУΨһ񡣡
īȻĬţû˵ʲô
Ѫ˼˵νս֮أָǡ֮󣬶ع鵽Ѫصһ֣ϢѪʼܹڡҲ˵ȻǸٶȱƣȫ塭ҲԶܻһµУʼܣʼɳ
ʱ򣬳īڿˣ⣬һڵĵط飬ѵ񣿶飿ڶ⣬˵֮󣬶صҲ԰ɣ֮󣬲Ǽֻô
Ѫ˵ָ񡣵磬ȴ硣
īü
Ѫ˵άȣҪߡǸάȲȶҪõĴȥͱҪϵĴӵά缳ȡԴ顣⵱УΪڣ𣿡
ī˶ס硭ԭǸά磿νķʵôôīУ޾ɻ
Ѫ˽˵˵ֻأȥȷǻֱӽ뵽ֻصСȴһع鵽ѪصСһȫĻֻۡΪֻعرգѪСѾ̫꣬ûкܺõע롣ȥĻѪأ᳹׸ɺԵ
ֻأ
˵ֻأ
īѪˣʵ˭رֻأ
һԪ񡣡Ѫ˵
Ԫ񣿲Զ񣿡īѪˣѪ仰еĲ
ǵģԪţǱԪŸӹϵʱŵʱΪ̫ţ̫֮󣬱ԪšһԪʱ񡣵ǺܿϧرֻأҲܵ˷ɣԪ飬ɢؼ䣬棬Ӧֻҵһ㲻εƬˡǡҲҪġѪ˵
ôֻأҪβ¿أīʵ
Ѫ˵ֻز¿һǸ磬ܿҲ٣ͻøһࡣ
Ѫˣ֪ܶ
īȴЦǸ統еķӦѾҵ˿ֻصķԣ£ѾòˡҲ֪ҪΣֹ飬ҪΣܱȫǸ硣
ѪˣɾþóĬ̾Ϣ飬ΪѪɣ£ҲֻҵԪԪ飬֪ˡҿԸһЩ顣
ܸң֮ǰΪʲôҪҷ𹥻𣿡īûʱ⣬ֱһġ
ΪʡѪ˺̹ϡ
ʣī΢΢ü
ǵģͬѪеһѪȴһ񡣶ҡ֮ѪȴֻԶѪЩ䣺ԶֻһˡΪǴҵ󡣡
ֻΪ𣿡īѪˣ̾Ϣϣʵ˭ס
Ѫ˵ͷ˵öԣϣȷסңʵ֮վҲĶֵġ
Ѫ˵ţī߰ɣȥԪԪȥɣѰңӦþƬС㻹ҵġ
ī˵㲻ҪһЩ𣿡
Щ飬ѾûµĳУ˵Ҳա֮Ѫ۳ɵѪƺû˼˵ȥ¡νɢȻֱڻѪصС
Ȼ
û˵Ҳûиī̫ࡣ
īգҡҡͷȥˡ
Ϊ֪ǴԺЩҪοֻأҪֹ顣
ī뿪ֱ¼ŵĲ浱С棬ֻһӰ֮⣬һϢûС
ֵطĺ˵īȻѾ̫𣬼̫ıϡڴ˿̣УȻ̲סһֱĸо
Ƭƶ˥ܣϢ棬ҲӦһͬѤ硣
ȻȴµĳУվһƬޡ
õһУȫʧ
ѪȻ֪ΪΣͻȻʧȥ˸ī˵̸ԡ֮ǰ͸¶˲ٶ
˵ά磬һȶ磬ﱻΪ硣ÿһ£Ҫĵάгȡ֧Ÿάת
ī֪άһõĵطתķʽȴ˷СһΡ
ҪȥͱҪԺһԺȡȥЩʵҲ顣д
ΪǾûġ
Ϊأ
˵ЩϲƤëƳɵƤϾԼǶǴأ
ܶ⣬īǰûȥ˼
ʵʣ̸ʲôƽԡǿʳˡ嫵Ĵ磬ʵеģҲĴַ
ڸά磬ҲеЩ鿴ôҲȫûκεĴ
ҪǸ棬ҪԡֻܶԵͼ֡
īҲΪʲôԽǵλߵˣĲмԽԡΪЩԱΪһġ಻ͬ塣ĵطӦûڣЩǡһڷģ
ԭ磬ǵУЩһǵͼġġۻġʲôǻ顣ԣǵĹŻֶĲм
ڸάЩ壬ԼĿУǸûԼ
Ϊ


1909 ϣ
īкƽûŭ죬ҲûԹ԰ˣ磬ͬҲˡû̫ĶֻʲôҲʲô
ڳī˵磬ǲݱƻݱġԣѹȣȻҪ𷴿յĽݺ۵Ҳڡ
Ƭ̫аˣīѾ˺ܾúܾãûܹһȥƬŴ½ƬĿռ䣬Ѿˡ
ǰ·ããĹãȻ
īչʶ޾ѰšѰҵԪԪ飬ûκͷҲûһİա
īѰš
ʱҲֱӹȥ˺ܶꡣռѾˣʱ䱻ѾסԣīһѾȥ硣ѰҰ꣬ʵϣ˵Ҳûйȥһʱ
ۡ
һΣīƵĳϢѾ˺ܶꡣ
̹ĻӦùȥ˼ʮꡣ
ռʵ̫ˣ߲ͷ
ֹ˰꣬īоԼģѾƣˡͣЪЪȴû취ͣסԼĽŲ
ϵѰš
ҪҵǸ𰸣ҪסԼǸ硣
ǸԪԪ鳹ˡ
ܻһʲôۼɣ
˹˵һ񡣼ĳȥˣҲӦһʲôϡ
ֹȥꡣīǿļļסԼÿһ졣
뵱ѾԶľ롣ȻҪȥҲѾˡȻҵҪķѼĹ
ǰڳһƬ½Ӱӡ
īѾʮûмκζˡ
ֻи࣡
ֻ
һ½ӰӣīУȻһɼ֮顣
ǹִ֧ϵѰңûзΪīһˣǾǷˡһͷ˻صȥ
Ҳ͵ԼеһĨִ
һԷˣ٣ϣ
īûʶȥ̽ʲôֱӳǰƬ½ɹȥ
ƵУûһ˿⡣ԣеģֻ޾ĺڰīһһâ
ǹâΣȴ
ǹ⣬ʵǳīеĹ⣡
˵Ҫй⣡
˹⡣
ǹƬ½½ܴһͷ
ͬҲܲƣ˸Ϣһ޾ĸڡ·δйһ
īȴϣԶŵĺӴҲڹĻʯĶӣһ黯ʯĿ˼ۡ黯ʯӦһֺве
ţī˴Ļʯ鲼ƬС
Ҳ˵һƬԶŵĺ
󣬳īȥԶɭֵĺۼһƵɽ룬ѾڣֻһƬƬĻ𡣳֮⣬ʲôû¡
īȻûзʵϣѾõ˺ܶҪ֪顣
īĵкЩʯ֮ϣܹ׷ݵ顣
һ貹ԵĳĴ磡
оޣӵŲ˼Ϊɽݡޣͬ˫
Ƭ½ϣûκĺۼȴһרڸ޵ľ
īȥ
գƬ½ȻĿס
ǰƬϵĴ½һɷԲһƬ֮ϣһһ߶ߵֲ
ֲ̣ͨ·Ǳһ㣬ûκϢɢȥҲһٵֲΪϣܲκοԱ֮ΪĶ
īϣȴ¶˾ΥЦݡ
Ϊһ죬ѾŬ˼꣡
ΪϣҵһĨ
ȻԪ飬٣Ҳ˵һ⣬Ҳܸīһϣ
Ϊóī֤ʵˣ˲ƣ˸Ϣܼ궼ҲȻڵģ
īС߹ȥ·¾ŵһ
ܿ죬ī˺ǰ˾ǣĺУȻˮ֡ȥʪģ·ո¹һꡣ
ī֣ĴһһɵϢ˳ųīֱָӴݹ
ţīʼʼϸһ߶ߵɫֲ
һ֦辣ÿһ֦棬һƬ̵Ҷӡ
Ҷӵ·֣īûмôֵҶƬ···ɴĽ֯ɵġϸʲôоûСϸۿܴϸܵޱǿĵϣ
󣬳īϣȡһˮ˭ֱһˮȻĽˮ˳̵ֲ潽ȥ
˾ȵ鷢ˡ
ֲȻʼήˣ
ή˥ܵٶȺܿ죬쵽Ӧĳ̶ȡ
Ǳǿѩһӡͻһ̯ˮ̵ֲҲ̵ʱ䣬ޡ
īɫȴȻƽƺûκξȵı顣ֲ֣ĸλһ¡һ̡һӣġ
ͨףڱīڳһɲǣȻɢ޾
˲ӹƬ¼䡭ϢĴ½šƬ½ʱǿҵĲݺľǴ˳
ٶȷǳ죬ۿɼٶȣڲϵš
еһ⣬ʱҲʼɢůůҫƬء
ţƬԭЩϢҲʼٵȴϼ٣ܿ졭ͳʧˡ
Ȼﲢûг飬ȴѾɫֲﳹ׸ˣ
ֲݣֻľеͰĹľԣҲЩѰ֣ͨһЩ޴ޱȣ·ҪֱʵĲ
Ƕһ˲䣬ֱ
ͬʱȻϵ˷ȥ
֮ƬȻڵģĸϢȴֱӱһɶ
īǿɫӣʱȻɢſֲ̫ǿҡīƣľ񣬶˲ָˡ
ָһľҪġɲһĺУ
˵Щƺ⡣
īһ֪˴𰸣
ӣǲԪµģѾҪˡ
ҪǣѾҵӡ
һ޾鹲ͬϣɵһӡһεһһ־
ֻҪڣôȻޱȲƲȻ綼˸ࡣ
һ죬ȻȻ±ϣ֮֡
ǵģֻҪϣͻδ
µĲǻ𣬶ûϣ
īվϴŵ΢ЦţɫӣٶֻصС
һֱӱʧС
ԶУѪ棬ཹཿʼðݡѪˣٶȸ
ϣżֲ˼飬𺳡
Ȼҵˣ˲ã̫˲ˣ


1910 ޾
һ̣īΣֱӳ˹ıԵشһܣ˲֪Ȼ磬һʱʱ䶼ûйȥʻʣһжĳ
΢紵еĻݲݺľһɢŵĵ㡣īȻãһ޹ըˣ
վͬ˲ϢɵһϣҲɢɵ㡣һ̣ī·ҲȻеһԱʶȥ顣ڴ˿̣ȴҪȥκ飬ܹܵ嫴һУ
ֻءֻص
һֱֺξֻأ
˲ã޾ϣֺξֻеһȱ
ϣڣԶȥ
ԺҲãЩи߸ϵҲáǵĲȻߣȴɲ
īվǣ˶Ϊһ塣ȻһһΣȻٴν뵽һޱȲƣϢ統У
棬ŵġԶֹһ磡
һΣ뵽֮󣬳īɢϢֱӽ޾ĸϢɾ
ţûðǧ꣬һҵһ½
ǿ½룬ͬһССĺأͬһ̵ֲ
īһˮһΣֲȴ˲
һһ߶ߵС磬˲䳤һŲ
ţŲͳīϣͬʱɢ
̼䣬ɢȥ
ڸգڸգ
â浱С
īһ֣бǳţһǳУ˷ⷢȵĺǡ
سĵģֻǲУͬһյյǳ
Уޱߵɫ
޾һӾͳƵ档
īת뿪档
ţһһ
ڱ˿ƺīһֱû뿪ıԵϣɢŸһ
ʵϣīȴһһƵвϵĽȻЩУϵɢǿ͵ǳЩһƬŵ档
ÿһһΪϣֲš
ȻϣȻǻŵģ
ǻûа취ǿƥ棬ȴһֱݷһҲĵȴţȵһ죬һԽǻѣȻڻ޾µ˲䱬
תۼ䣬īѾһٶƸ棬ҲЩ棬˲Ϣ»޾
ЩٴγҲֻʱˡ
ֻܻܵŻֻءֻأŻϢ
ÿһ죬ʵǹȥظһոµĿʼ
Ȼܣ
ط̫ȥˡīѾѼ޽Ĵ棡
⣬ȻûнȻ̫̫ȥ棬
ʵһأΪ̫ܡͬʱһżĵط
Ϊŵġͬ޾ϣ
汻ʮ
ȻŰȥĴ棡
ÿһ棬ڵСÿһУڳīʱҲȫǳϢ
ī֮вȫѡ
īڴ죡
Ϊ
ȻЩģȴʣµһϣ
ƵĴ棬ڱī׸»Ѽˡ
ڹҲɹ˼ʱ䡣
ˣҲ֪īѾˡ
еˣﻶңΪѾ̱죡
УһƬҲ糹׸ˣ
ȫ縲ǵһ̣ӵзŰ壬ָǣȫˣһ죬һʢĽһ
飬ȫͬһʱ䣬
ĸ߲ǣȴҲȫɻΪʲôīˣ
ѾмʱˣǾûټīӰ
ʳۣ˵ȥˡ÷Ű壬ϵϳīȴ֪īʵڳڹıԵ
ȥ汻īľ䣡
־䣬εģûĸܹӦֱ仯
ֻλĴڣܸоЩѰ
ԺУĴߴ˿ȫһţͬʱǵϣҲȫǿҵ֮ɫʵͬҲһ־޴ϣ
ΪǼܹоֻءҪˣ
ָо̫ˣ
ͷȻǾͷ䣬ûκܹ֮ƥС˵
˵ͷȻŲߣ̫ˣ
Ǵ컯󹦵²ֻ¿ȻҪˣȴ˵һллңҲ׿סôģ
Ψгۣָ֮ɫ
ע⵽Щ쳣ķӦʵ㲻ô
ǿЦһ£Ȼ˵ģôأֻؿǾҪԻصǵȥˡô᲻ģ
òǣΪǸڵʲôɣһ۳ۣ˵ʵһֱûгΪˣΪʲôӵôԣ
ۿһ˵Ҳڵڵǡ
ֿ֪֪ڲĵģһ࣬浣Ǹ˶Ѿĵˣȴƫƫϳϣֱ̫˼ˣ̲סЦ
ڵ鼫ãֻؿˣò˶þͿԶˣҲԶˡڿ뿪ˣЩ޴ɣ
Щ塢塭񻶵ӣֱһȺ׳աƾȺ޴飬ƾʲôԻҸƾʲôܹӵδǹԹԵΪЩ߹ķĵʯ˵аɣ
ԣУ
ֱ֣̫ˣ
ͬӵħһ㣬˷ǳϲ
ĿĿ⣬ǿһ׳աЩˬССĲˬܿͱԴ뿪ϲ嵭
ȻǳȵĿųۣЦ˵㲻ҪһʶԶǡԺ󣬻صǵ磬ҼĻҲˡʱ򣬸Եİˡ
ʱ򣬺ɺȻһ˵ôҲáЩԾأ
һۺɣ¶飬Ȼ˵ôòҲ˰ɣ˵ģҲ֪ǵ浽ʲôеһУʲôϵҲãҲաģ
ҡҡͷ˵ҸңҸһĵģԼ


1911 
˼Ŀźɣ˵òҲɵ˰ɣǣʲô𣿹磬ҪŲһ׵飬Ļǻ򵥣ʱҪȥĴĸ׳գҲҪȥҳīǸߵӢֻۣҪһЩ澳ʿǴѽ
˵ģͲһ¡ɳ˵㲻ӦģٺúøӦһ£
üȻʼӦƬ֮ϣ¶֮ɫ૵ֻؿֻصһִƣȴӵźһеİΪʲôҸܵġһ֡ȫѹأ⣬ƺµֻ֮е㲻һ
¡ǳʲôˡ˵
ʱ򣬸ոһֱĬŵĳۣͻȻ̧ͷ˵񡭡һ翪ֻأ
˵ɫȫޱߣÿóķ򶼲һңߣҲǳۣľǿļȫŷġ
ԣ˵仰ʱȫܳԾ
һֱе㲻̫Ըߣ̲ס¶ɫųۣʲô
ʱҲû˼ȥߡֱ˵ܸоֻأһͬˣ
ʵϣڳ˵⻰˲䣬߸ӦԵͬʱ
ī֮ǰڹ¼µǰȥ棬Ѿĺۼ
ȻЩ飬һЩ͵ȵ飬˼άûСֻһЩ򵥵塣棬û棬ȫһģ
ңЩȫѸٵĽšÿһʱ䷨򣬶ǲһġԣкܶУֻصĿѾʼݻ˸ָ̬
Щԭ¼ţֻɫĴ½֮ϣҲʼ
ϴ֮ɫ૵ôܣ˵Ŷ棬ʵֻܹص棬Ӧþֻڵ硣
˵ȥĳˣ
ɫ÷ǳѿ޾²µһ޴ľ֣
ƵģĴ磬Ƶġе顣
ȴ⣬ƺûаȥչƽ̫˸е˼ˡ
ߣ˿ȫ¶Ϊı顣ʱֻʣһ·ˡ
ͷ
Ҳֻλǻ޽ľͷܸһĽ֪ͣǵ׷ʲô顣
ͬʱīҲڸɰƥġڴ
ʵϣڴ
ֻصʵǴ
ȥ飬ֻأٴγϡȻеıʲδı䣬ʵϣȴѾ䲻ͬĻ޾ֻ֮󣬻ƵĳվҲͬһˡ
˵ֻصĿ¹淶ķ磬ƽ
桭ֻص֮£ȫת
磬
ң飬ɵӰ죬ʵ硣
ڡ磡
Ҳǣ˵еġά磡
ʲô
Ϊʲôܸо綼ڶ
ԡһӿ̫Ī硭Ҫܲסˣ
ôΪʲôͻȻоǵҪһ
ò˵еЩ飬һģսδжôǵΪ;磬̫ˡһӵǿ͸Ӧ
緢仯һ˲䣬ǾѾо˲Ծ
塭һЩ飬ȫʧȻֱӾͿʼĿԡ
ܿ죬ԭ㱻ݳ
·硭ˣ
磬ǻ⡣
ҸӦǿ硭бǹ粻ȣ

Ӧ
һȺǿȫʼŭ
ָо˿ԼǰһеҪ췴һȫΪŭ
ʱ硭Ȼ䴫һĺ
硭ʼˣ
棬ٵԹγɵǿֲƥĸϢڱЩ֮ǲûʧǳ硭Ҳά磬ֱӳ
ԭͽṹȵά磬ĳ£˲ǱˮϯĴׯһûκεֻֿ硭ʼ
ˣ
٣
ˣ
ԵͶı
Ƕ
šҵĻֲ˰ٵһ仨
ˡǵ磬Ҫ׵ıˣ
У˶ھ̾ڰ٣˲ʧȥƽĴݺšǵķӦûбκһǿĵͶ߹ȥ
һĽѣ
ֵķǳͻأ
ٶ֮죬ȫκεķӦҡֻ𣬾ܷӦҲֹġ
ʱУ˰̾޾١ӵάȡĶӦ硭͸дһٰ
ڱڿٵĻš
飬УѹֱӾɢˣ
ǵһԴͬûӹ·ֱֻӾͱǹߡ
ˡ֮ҲҪȥͶֻˣ
šģǲҲҪҲҪȥֻأ屻飬ǰһ̴
ȻһУͽ͵ģȫûһġ
磬̼䣬ֱӱ
һ
УдĶļ塢ǿ飬ڵһʱ䣬ֱ½磡
ǵķӦֱ쵽˼ĳ̶ȣ
Ϊ̮£½硭ȵĵط
Ȼ½һУǾӦ⡭Ҳܱǿɣ
ǲģǲġʧȥ磬ͬҲ֮һͬͬ٣
ԣǱҪ̵ʱڣŪ׷ʲôǹ˲ݻǴðģ˭һУ
īվڹܹԸо֮⡭ЩԾ
ЩǺܲԾ
ֱ̫Ծˡ
ǿҵϢҪĽˡ
磬൱ǿ󡣲û̫ܵӰ졣֮⡭Ǹ˵еĸά磬Ǹ硭ڷĳԤϵľ޴Ǩ
īУе²⣬ȴȷϡ
µǳīֱҪЦ
ˬˬ죡̫ˬˣ
һô˵
Щ߸ϵǵ뷲һȺһ飬ֻķӦأ
ʧȥҲҪֻأǻ־
һģ
־嵽Ըӵĵز
ĿǰһУֻǳīһֲ²⣬ΡҪʱȥ֤
Ϊ飬̳ʮ꣬Ǻƽһ¡
ԣʱɡ
īţֱص˳嵱С


1912 
ʵϣ˭ܸӦֱ仯ġ٣еЩ澳ʿûһӦʲô쳣ķȻڻš磬Ѿ׵ĸϵÿһ䣡
ֱ̣Ӵ޷šںܶඥʿУҲһֲ񼶹ˡҲ̶ֳֻȡЩûа취󣬳ߵôġ
Ҫǡ˿ֲḶ́Խǻϵı֪˶ѪԴȴǡѵģ
˵飬ڣʵûô࣬óһЩǮûġɼȻѵģȻǸ˸еĵһ¡֮࣬ܶĵˣȫʶһ⡣
ǾǣΪˣôĴۣȴѹӦǡǲӦΪʲô
ɶڳ˵ƺûʲô飬Ҫǰæġ
һľ飬壬ֻһ֡ã
һ൱ֲ
κһ˵Ҫģʵľ޴ˡ
ûĸֻһ飬ֱӵõͬ
īص壬ֱ˲Сĺ䶯
Щ˸֪Ǵʲôطġ겻Ȼֺúһ
󣬳īλӣħϡƮŮۡƮ칬ŮϽ޵еˣһȲ衣
ī̹ϵĸǽԼЩľ
ʲô⼸ꡭһֱڳˮɴ۾ųīе㲻
갡
ǲǼ죬ҲǼ꣡
ӵޱԪɼꡭҲһκܳĹˡǱչĻʱ䣬ͬǺѰġ
зŰʱ䣬ʱˣҲһЩȤ
뵽īڳ壬ȴû¶棬֪϶ԭŻˮ棬ɾЩġ
īͷЩǸĿˮȻ˵ڹһ顣
棿ϸƮŮִӹгˣʱ¶âī
īͷԣ棬ľ޴ܡ
΢΢һüң⶯īżĶһģһү˵ȷһӵо޴ܵĵطǵطƺĳص꽫Լ棬ȫͬһԪģϣͳֹͣˡǸطͬҲźܶ಻顣ЩʱͻȻģͻһЩĪ֪ӺζҲ֪ǻᵽȥȻֱӾͻὫ˺顣
ƮŮ۵ͷ꣬ʵѡԼأҲǺнģܺѡڵʱЩҪЧǣԼҲ棬ûãǾˡңǳ׵ɢһ֡
īͷŵܣȫ޷ġ
ʱȫ˳ī
ī˵ʵһ֮أŰĴ档
˻
ī⻰˵꣬ˣȫ̲סһȻ󲻸ŵĿųī
⡭ģƋOǱ߷͵͵ֹ
ΪʵϾǴӹ߳顣һֱ֪ԼʲôڹУҵһЩĴУʵϣҲ
Ҳǳ𾪣ϴŲŵı顣ųī޷һ棬ôĵطŰĴռġ
īһۻƋO˵ƋOһ֪ܶһˡ
ƋOһȻųīʲô
Ӧþǰ浱У֪һ棬Ʈɢһ顣
īǰУ顣Ѿ֮ܳΪˡҲǻȷʵ־ġֻ̫ˣ
ֿȥޱ飬϶ľž֮
ȻĻ涼ˣô
ԣīǼʱ򣬾ͽָ˳ڻء׼Ҹᣬһ£ż飬ܹܲתɹ
ƋOһΣûзκһ˫Уȴ¶ŵɫ
СѾƢԸһ統꣬ߴٳīһ˵أôˣ
Ҳȫ¶ε
½½ýЦ
˾ͼͼҲֹӣϽ˵
ЩѶڣҲֻȺˣŸڳīǰ˵ġˡ
īָоҲеȽܰ
һˣ˵£ôͷ˵ˡ
Ѿڣʱ֪ˡ
ǣīֱӴӷάԺ
˵Ժı˵ֻء
ص
Уŵ硣ʵÿһԻޱȣ貹ԡ϶ҲڹٵĹգȴȥˡ棬ˡ¼һƬȻѾѾײƣϢʵϣȴȻһϣǱһʵѿһ̣ܱױȵģ
ī˵ǣҽȥ棬ȫˡȻֱӷشĸı䡣ƶֻصĿ
ȫһ𺳵Ŀųī
ʱգųīʵǣǰ治˵ԺǱߴĻǣ٣춼ΪӣĿľҪֻڽֻֿǵԸ
Ȼû˵ʲôȥҲȫͬ⡣ųīȫɻ
īͷֻǿˡȴеֿ
ī˵ţޱӢϣ¶һĨЦݣ棬ÿһڹ١ǲȻ磬Ǳ˶ȡձ֪ٵԹ𣿡
ȫ΢΢һȫǾߣ飬Ϥ΢һ£亹ֱ
Ǽս֮ϣԹʵǼǿģ
ԹΣûȴһޱȿֲӰ죬Ҳ൱µġ
˵սԹ˵Ŀ¡ô˵ĵطأڡƵһأ
ȫֲĸо
ī˵ЩУиϢʵЩԹγɣϢȻǴ澳飬մȾ֮ϣҲֱӻ˵˵С൱ֲ֮
ҽЩȫѼ֮ЩϢȫȥ֪ȥʲôط
һ
漴ħһȻָ죬˵Īǡȥ
ī΢Цͷ


1913 ãȻĴ
£ȫܵˣ
ϣڵһվī¶ľâս⣺ģ
īͷ˵ҵļûǸνĸά磬ν磬ѾԹͬáӦ֧ˡţ˶ã񡭡䣡˵䣡䵽ޱġ˲۵ġ΢硣
ʱһƬţ
˵ϣȫ¶ǿҵ֮ɫ
ֱ̫˼ˡ
īһˣȻ磿
һӣˣųī㣬һˡ磿
īҡҡͷһˣӦ˵ǰУƵԹͬݻǸ磡
һ
飬ʵ̫ڷ˼һ㡣ʵϣڽ֮ǰЩ˵˼ά֪ϻͣڡ족֪С
ΪˣӦþĴ쵱СͨŰ壬ף壬δضǵˡĴȴһǵĵˡ
ųīĽˣĴʵҲ㲻ǵˡͬһȺˡ
ңĴѾĬ˸īĺȻĻҲܼ˳Ѹ١
ΪڣʵĴڱ󣬹ͬƶ顣ҪЩԴֱṩģ
ī˵ĹͬˣʵǴԺ
Щķ
ȻᷢԶиӿº;㤣ԭĵˣǴԺЩԴڸάЩ顣
ҲǡЩ飡
ǲĵˣ
ǳȡΪȶάڵĻʯ
ܲпᣬҲ̡ܲʵϣЩ˵ʵֺϡƽ
ΪѾȥ˰Ĵ棡
ʹޣŭ𾪣
һ
ȻûǷŭһᣬ֪˳īһˣѼ˰Ѿȥ棬ȻЩ湲ͬԹıݣ
ˣ
˵ԺеЩֲ飬Щǿƥ񡭡Ҫǵˣ˾ͼͼʱͻȻ俴īĻһģսֻڶɣ
ҲȫӦīжһ˿ʡ
ȷ类٣ЩǲŲȥǱѹһַֻãԼļ԰ٵˣ
һҪģ
īԣЦ˵ˣ񡭡ҲûˡȻһЩǿǵϣأսǾս
һ̣īϱţֱӸȾˡ
ǰˣ񡭡ʵҲͲˡȻˣǻʲôµأ˵۾ȫù
ǵУһ̣Ҳֱ˾޴ĵ
ħųī˵⵱ǿǰδеһԵıְֵУȻҲ޷ѡ
īЦһء
һ漴ȫ¶˷ܵЦݡ
ǰûˣЩǣҲͲٱ֮Ϊˡɳīȴģ
ʵϣѾӵ˿Խԭ̹ҲУǲûȥȻͣ쳾С
Ҳ˵Ƕ쳾е
Ȼ飬ǡȻ
ʱīȻɫһ䣬һ仰ΣգҪȥǲҪ
˴˿̣ȫ϶¶ǿҵĵ֮ɫ
ʱ򣬻ħֱվ˵ڣһҪסšҪκεпɳ֮
˷׷׵ͷһ侲˵Щ飬ȫŵȥҪ飬ȫ֪緢ʲô
᲻ֻţޱվʵ
Ϊά͹ޱͽ
ҡҡͷ£ǳ綼Ҫ֪ңţھô֮飬ӦгЩȨ֪࣬ҲӦ֪࣡
ԡħͷֱ˵ϢɢȥҪе飬֪Ժһʲôĵطףһʲôĵط
Ͻӻ˵ҲҪе֪еһЩҴߣ϶ήٵϡʱ򣬻ս
ޱյͷˡ
ϳһ·׷ıԴҵεȵĲ׳񡭡ֽ˵еиսĻᣬһҲˣ
ħƮŮֺսӵУ˲ȫ¶ޱ貵Ĺâ

ȴ졣
۵ǰվһһģһŮӡ
ֻ۵ϣŵЦݣУҲԻ
Ůӣȴ䣬Ҳûһ
ҲгۣȴǴԺĳߣ
ͷûиκδ𸴣ͷǳʧһƾĴκûиĻӦ
Ĵ߾ɥͬʱҲܵǹǿҵĿ־塣
һΣˡȻȫŭˣ
ŭһ֣
ܹһ㽫īĻֽⳡ
Ȼᣡ
Ϊϳ˳ī֮⣬˭Ѿȥ»ѣ˭磿
ĿУʥַĸά磬ǵ磬Ȼˣ
֮󲻾þѾֽˡ
ңӦѾˣʼı֮ߵˣ
ܽġ
ʱĴߡȥδӣ
ݣǶ飡
еһԱ
еЩڣ𣿵Ȼˣ
ʲô
һȺ֮
ΪĪԭ䵽硭Ѿͨˡ
ͬҲΪĪԭģ
ǱһȺӣ
ǵģûдӣ
ǰոһȺߣ
˵Ĵ߻벻ͨ£Ҳֻ˵Ǵ̫Ҫˡ
ͨˣޱȵķŭᡣ
ΪǾ߶ûеãʧˣı̫̫أǸ
Ĵ߿ͷпˣ
ȥе㲻˼飬ǵУȷôġΪеһЩڣһ磬ôһʱ䣬ȥǸ˰ĸĶ
Щ
ʱеǰ˭סе࣬˭ڸǣ
Ĺ϶͵ÿھͷϣ
ͷĸԸ
ͬҲĸԸģ
ô죿
Ĵ֮ǰͬҪԵ⡣
ǺȻЩΪǷ֣ƺ˸īĴվһսϣͬȥԿЩѵ֮⣬ǾȻûеڶߵ·ˣ
֮ǰжԵĹϵأ
ôת۾ͳһսϵѣ
޻кɣֱ뿪ˣΪǵҲûоҪô¹ϵ̫شˡһʧ󣬾ٲ
ԣߣʱ
ңһʵһ·ġ
ǣܿ죬ҵ˳ۡ


1914 Ҫ޸
ңҲǳߣдŨŨ֮ɫǰĳۣ˵Ŀ˾ء
΢Ц˵Բ뿪ġ
뿪ʱҪβ뿪ȥģ
ȥѽ۵ϣȻº͵ЦݣĻһΪء
ߵü䣬һĨ֮ɫΪԼ˱ӻҵҪ˭ȵ㣿
ȻʮĵҲҪκء
ЦЦĪˣĪ㲻ĸˣ
ܹΪ£ҵУѾûʲôźˡѾ׼ϡδȫԲҪκ⡣ΪҶѾ˺֡ԣȻˣҲûκźˡ۶Գ¶º͵Ц⣬ң
ҽгۣ֡ҵģûϵһԹĿųۣ˵ǡһҪɱ㣡
˵ھͿɱҡһƽĿߣɱΣ
вңߵϣѾʼ¶˿˿ƵΣϢϢ൱Ŀֲÿһƣƥɱ
ѽЦеĵںҲֻһֶ˰ɣ
ߵ˵㻹Լ˯ȥȥҪ־չ¶ֻҪԹԵĽֽ֣Ҿͱ֤˺κΡ
ʱԶУһ㵹˺˺𣿡
磡
磡
߸ۣ֮ȫʶĽһ
Ȼ󣬳˲ͣű˵Ȼˡó㻹Ǻ
ָоԼԼĴһ
һģһŮӣվκˣֲĸĸҲֻдϵıȥжˡ
īʱѾ˲Ϣ˳۵ԣͷ£ڣû˺㣡
ۿīзһ㵭ˮͬʱҲܾȣ磬㣬ֱ̹ӸϹģ
ī̹Ȼĵͷ
еˮˣжˣ
̹жԶּǿµȻ
ȻīӵźŵҪ̹˲ҲҪ۵ģ
ۣʵʹǱܣ
ȻĻҪ̹磬ûмĹ붼Ҫ롣⣬ǶԳīֲε˵ģ
ԣ۵Уܴһ۵ĸоͬʱһǿҵҸУ
ֵʲôʱ˱ĸоĺܺãǡ
ۿųī˵磬ʵӦġ
ôҶܵκε˺
īųۣУǵĹâһֱڻرһЩ⣬ī֪ôȻ֪
ţãȴ۵κʱ򣬶Ầġ
Ǳߵۣ߳¶һĨ֮ɫЦϡһ˵飬ǣҶҪжĿءСˡҸĸ˵ʵ𣿡
۵ϣ¶һĨƽЦݣۣ߳Ϊʲôأ綼Ѿ٣񽫲е飬ҴЩ뵽Ҳúһţƾʵͨջʤģһ壬壡
¶Ĺâ˵Ȼܼ㵽ʲôɵĵأ
߳Цųīĺɣ¸ʵ飬񣬷磬Ѿ졣ʱ򣬷磬ͽΪЩϵ飬
۵ϣ¶ƽЦݣ˵ԭȷӦģ
ڳô߳һ
ҳʲôˣ˵ԭӦġ˵
߳Цѵܰƿزɣ
ҡҡͷ޷ѡ
㻹˵ʲô߳۷̵
īˣ΢΢üͷЩ²⡣ȻѡųۣԼദµá
īΣܹĸܵųīһЦ磬ʲôõġ磬κ⣡Ҳᱻκѳ֡
߳ۻ˵ʲôȴһۣȻī˵磬ҾǴԺľͷ
īͷţ֪ˡ
£˵ۣ߳۶Щסˡųī磬㲻𣿡
áī֪㲻ϣ֪飬ֻһǾ㣡֮⣬ôķٵµУûйִ١ǻ̫ˣĸ⣬Ҳ̫ˡļһҪǿܶࡣԣǴԺԺǸͷҲûʲôֵֵġ
粻ƭ㣿۵Уˮ
߳һĿģ˵ʲôȴԼû취廰ˡ
𣿺ûʲôˡΪԼѾˣؼģǳī̬ȣôŭΪʲô
Ժţ鶼ӡҪֻ磡һУȫǳԾͷĲãīΪʲôӦޱʹ޾ͷ
ͬкܶ꣬˽ƢԡҲΪ˽ī
һޱȸ˰
Ϊʲôݳۣ
ѵ֮һȣԲԡܵģīˡŮ̬֮ϣҪˡ֮Ĺϵ׵ġ
ΪʲôԾƺûУ
ֲһʼʲô֪ΪʲôҪ֪һ֮Ϳʼֲ֣Ҫʧ͵ʹΪˡϧԼΪʲôҪīųۣԣǷҲãǴԺԺľͷҲաҵУ㶼ֻһݡҵá
ī˵ն
ˣеˮ̲סʳȻ˽īĻ磬лл㡣磬Բ𡣸磬Ұ㣡
īɫȻһ䣬ȵҪ
еĳۣȻڿʼϢĽ
Ҫɱ
˵ɱ
ɳΪʲôΪʲôԣ
īȣͬʱֱӳ֣֮֡ҪֹһСҪ֪ۣʵûµġǴԺԺĴߵľͷΣ
־ףȺ飡㣡
ɳ۵Ķ̫ˣ
Ϊһ죬ҲѾﻮ˺ܾúܾá
ԣһûκתĿܡȻǳī֮ͬ޷赲۵
ʱ򣬳۵嵱УȻ䴫һبŵ
۵ϣƽЦݣһĿųī磬Ҫ±ӣҪǡҲֻأһҪҵңңҰ㣬޸㣡


1915 ͷ֮
飡
˵䣬壬Ȼˣ
ȻһޱǿȻƺҪߡȴһס޷ѣ
ţľ
īСΪֹ
վһۣ߳˶ɵˣ૵ôҡôôô㡭Ƿ𣿡
˵䣬ˮ˳߳۵ϣ
ȻȻһ۳ī˵磬಻ţһֱҶûҪ㣬һֱǡ
˵䣬߳۵ȻҲʼˣ
Ҫī˵һ䡣
߳۵ϣһʥĹԣϣ¶һ˿Цݣ۵Цݶе𣬵ͬ޷
ϣȡһŰ壬硭棬еԵɡһԭʼķŰ塣㿴ˣ֪ˡ
ǡī̲ס쳤̾Ŀ۵壬ȫ߽⡣
߳ۿųīµһ仰ǣ磬Ѿ糹׼ˡһѤġǰδеĴ磡ԣ˵Ŀֻءϣ硭Ҳҵҡ
˵꣬߳۵壬Ҳֱӱˣ
ʱңԶĴԺУߵ壬Ȼһ¡ǵУ¶˼ɫͬһʱ䣬˸ڵĵطȻ·޾¿ȥ
ߵǣ¶һĨЦԭˣǡαأ
˲̫ˣ𣿿ʲôġӰжϡĲֵá
ߵУѾ֣αأαأ

īѾտյƬգУͬҲǿģʧȥĶһ
ûȿ߳۸ķŰ壬ó֮ǰǸʯСĦţȻ󣬳̾һۣİɣһὫһģȻ»Ȫ̤棬ҲһҪһֻؿֻҪһԪ飬Ҿͻҵǣ
ʯԶ棬һӰӰȻǳ۵󣬵ƺȴˡ
ˣʲôԸ
ô
ī֪ǳ۹ģóīֲñһ硱ƺֻһûǻ۵ҲС
Կ𣿡īʵ
֪һ˹ȻûгǻۣҲźġ
ǵˡ۵Ӱ˵ţֱйܳһĹǹͨ˴ͨƥĴ½ˣ
ţܺãʱصĽмǰɣīʵ
ǵˡҿԡ
ǺãȻȥɣҪʱȻ㡣ī̾
õˡ
Ӱ˵ţֱֻصʯ档
īĹʯУȻûıҪҲʯˡΪһӰͻ۵Цòͻ뵽۽ʱĹâ
󣬳īǸŰ塣
Ű壬Ȼԭʼһûӷ磡
棬ֻһ߳۵Ķס
ǵģǸӡġ
硣һ졣ܿǾ˵ҿ϶ѾˡǲҪΪұˣһĸԸȥԭֻһУ
ʵûеģЩһУû˵򡭡ʵǹԴĶˡҲҪ
߳۵ϣ¶һ˿Ƥ
īЩӲϣҲ΢΢һͬʱȴһ̾
Ҳ£㿴ӣһܸӡΪҸأ˽ġ
ī૵ǰҲҵð
أܿһġڵգԸĹʱҾͱƿءҪɣҲң˵ҡΪڷӡԼ֮ǰҪ飬ƻ
ӦУҲӦ̫ΪЩ塢ӦеĶô߼ʵô壬ģĺء
Уƺÿ˺̸ܶ࣬顣Щ飬һʵȴڵ
߳۵˵ۣͷʵԭһ塣£߶֪
һʵһޱǿķȻڽ뵽ʱֱѡԼ
ϣۺ;ͷ֮⣬Ҳûκδڣ֪ܡ
ҪţҪı硣Ϊ⣬ʵЩ񣡵Ǹ׶ΣҲǲֵĽ׶ΣԼʵҲǲ֪ġΪеЩΪ˷ֹ˼һֱϡԼʱҲǽֿƵġ
Ϊߵĳۣоѣţֱӷȥ³ۺ;ͷ
ʵϣͷһֱڳ˯еġ
ʵһֱҲ֪£֪࣬ӦþҲЩꡣ߳˵ΪͷҪѣÿٻϸ˵Ǳٻʱ򣬾ͷҪѡͷÿһѣ۶˯ôȻᷢܲԾңҲоԵֶΣ׷ʲô
īϣʱ¶Цаˣ֮ǰ϶Ѿ֪ʲô
ȻĻҲòôĲˡ
ۺۣ߳ڼ֮ǰʵѾ֪ԺԺϾͷͬһ壡
ʵϣγɣȴڷɣ
ԣϸ˵ҲȫͬȻĻʱ̣Ҳôɱְ취ѾͷҲɱˣ
ܸоʵҸ㣬ӦõһġԣҲµпܣֶΣǵģеκһȥ޷⡣ҲĸԸɡšҲһССĲʡǾǣ󣬿¸綼ۿһۡ
ۿˡī̾
뵽ĿģʵֻһǾǡ֡ƻ١ǸĿģҲյĿġУǡߣֻᵥΪҪص硣űôֱ٣ǵʧǲѡ֪ԼĿʲôҲˣԭһУ˽ֶΡ
̫ˣǵϣȫմȾ˲̶ͬȵԡԣֻأôҺ룬һˣ룬ܹڸԣ£ֻԶԶĿһۡǸʱңѾȫǵ˭ˡҲð
󣬳īΨһ̾Ϣ


1916 ֮
ԺԺôˣ
ļֱϢȴƺ֮СմȾԵ߳ۺͳۣȫͷԳīκ˺顣
⣬ʵеЩǣΪĵ飡
ǲŻӡЩļ䣬ʲô֪˵ΪԼҪġ
ʱЩԸַӡġ
̫ˣȫմȾ˴ԣΪǿһ
ںϣ
ѧϰ
Ⱦ
ûЩ屻ô꣬٣գǱһķܣ׾ٵľѡ˿壿
۵óīг˸С
ǳģ̾ţ뿪ˡ
뿪·ϣīֱӿʼҪҳ۵Ԫ켣ҳǿֻܵط
ȴûͷʧЩס
īûлģ͸кܴ𡣲ĺۼױҵ
ͨ㹻Ļ޷ַԪ켣
ֻȻۼȻȥġôһֻܱز׽ǵԪ顣
棬ȻܹȫѣôȻҲܹ۸ҳ
̹ǧ꣬ߵسɹ뵽
ǽĵһ£ȻҪѰҴԺԺЩߡʹߡ
ʱ򣬴ԺȴѾʧϡǴûдڹۼʧһɶ
ԺʣµߣѾ̹ﶨ
ѧԺ
һ׺ͷһ棬һȺСӽʲô
վڽҵĽ̨ϣɫĽţأʵһȺ飬ܳһ硣Ǹ棬ûһУġ
ʦʦһ⡣һƯСŮҲ꣬СǱ裬˵
ţͬѧ˵˵ͷŮ¶һĨ֮ɫƺ׷ʲôϣȴʼմ͵Цݡ
ʦȻ粻õĵطôֻء磬ϲ֮󣬻Ҫֻءң֪ԼֻسʲôǶ౯г۵СŮ˵
ԵһЩСӣҲȫͷȥͬ۵Ļ
ͷЦ˵鹹ܳ磬ʵأȴҪ֧תûô罫ὥֱ
ͷһ˵磬ȻֻأȻϲǡǡΪƽһַǿߺǿĽֻǻͱ
г۵СŮƶǶĵͷȻ¡
ͷʵ˭𣿡
һСкվͷʦ⡣
ţ˵ͷͷһ飬ûһ㲻ͷı顣
ʦӷŰϿ˵д飬磬Լ߹Ҫ˶ǡΪʲôҪأǲţǵʲôСкĻͷԵģȥʮֿɰ
ͷЦЦ˵ʦ֮ǰ˵粢ȹ̣ڴ֧֮ϣʧܵҳ綼òȡǱڣǸ磬ʵѾˡ֮󣬴飬û˼԰ֻ硣
ǺÿСкһͬ˵
г۵СŮȴЩ⣬ʲôûʦ˵ǽڳȡĻϵģƾʲôǳȡң֮󣬻߸ϣƾʲôѽһȺ޼ҿɹĿ棬ʲôʸǵи߸أ
Скգգ۾ͷе
ͷЦԣ˵ĺе
佱һ䣬ʱ򣬺ȻǽӵʲôϢȻ˵ͽɡѧˣʦŸǽ
ͷĿһȺСӳңȻһƽһ߳һ̣ΣһӾʧˡűڳ´С
ѾвѾȺˡ
Щ˵УյĴޡгеһЩ߲ľһС̸ʲô
ͷˣ˸кɣˡ
ͷͷ¶һЦݡ
û˻ţմԺĴ֮һĺɣȻܵѧԺһʦ
ʵ´еЩˣڳѧԺרŵķԺÿ˽ĶǲһġЩ˳פÿ춼ڸѧΡЩÿһʱһΡ
ЩͷڣѧԺгѧжֲҲͿ֪ˣ
Ȼʦͽֹ֮ϵʦ֮Ĺϵͬ
ĳѧԺȻ忪ţеĺӣΪڵĽ
ϣѧԺҲΪ֮һѧԺ
˵ЩĴĶ˹ǣ뷽跨İѺ͵졣
£ѧԺ߳ѧҲԽԽԽԽֲ
һ˵ÿԼһǧ꣬ѧԺоͻֱӳһ澳ѧǵ̫ϾͿԱҵ뿪ѧԺˣеѧԼʵͻƵʱ򣬲Żѡҵ
ҵ֮ĵһ飬Ҳ̤;ȥнػĺ
Ȼн裡
貵Ĵ磬ʵ̫Ҳ̫Ѥˣ
ڹһڣڴֱѡһٶ嫵Ĵ档Ȼ뵽УиָʵҪģǽ裡
ֽ裬ɲùκһʿͣһЩ֮󣬲ԵõԴͬʱ洴ͽ裬˵ǳ嫵Ĵ½Ի۴Ĺ£
ֻѾ˽ӽһ꣬ڹµҪԣҲıܡ
Ǵ־ʿҲԪľһ졣ʱ򣬻۵ĹԽֻ֮࣬ļҲԽ
˵£ߣרϸĵ飬дʵݵġ
ʵǳѧԺ죬еѧԺɡҡȫͬ顣
̫ϸ˵ĽɣҲѾŷ磬硣̵Ľ壬Ҳõ˼ϿɡôѡһͿ˵ϲˡ
磬ֻؿ֮Ѿֳһ޷İ
ǰȥīĴ棬Ҳͬ޷
ŵ˵˲ٶȹܳһȫµ磡
ң磬Ҫȹ
кܶ㣬ҪǹܽһµĻ˵ƾֱӹܳһ硣
ЩȫֻǵͲ룬ûĻȥ
˸ôĻһӦģȺˡ
֮󣬱ЩҴ飬׷׿ʼߵ硣ǵĴӿ룬գٶȱЩ΢ͽ


1917 ۳ī
ʱ򣬳еˣȫͻȻֹͣۡȻһӰſڡˣȫſȥȻ񣺡۱£
ۣ
£
һôһ£
⻰Ҫǧǰ˵
ڵʱʾԸЭԸվߣҲվϣͬԿʱܻϵЩ顣
Դˣʱڲһγ˽ϴķ硣
Ҳ޽е顣
ڳīûб̬֮ǰڲֱӷֳɡ
һħͳϡƮŮЩϵʦϵΪףǵ͵սɣǳǿӲʾԸߵĵ
Ǹɹ˺Ͳ˵ˣţ̹Ŵʵ϶Ǳģ飬ΪʲôҪܣ
һɣƮ칬ͳīλΪ׵ºɡ
ǵ̬Ҳܼ򵥡
е˺ʵԴδ֪ԴӪĲͬ磬Ѿɱ⡣Щ鵽֮󣬱Ȼٶս˳ȻǵĹ֮ģҪ¹硣ʱȻҪŽܹŽͬЩ顣
ʵºɵĽ飬ǿӲҲͬģȴ޷ִķĵĸ廹վͬһӪС
һıǽʧأǿӲɵĹ۵㡣
һ֪£ǲţûܽôѵʲô֪ˣ𣿡ºɵĹ۵㡣
˫˭˵˭ȻûķʱգȴҲЩŵġ
£Ҳͱ˷ϡ
ǣķϣ飬ֱӷһͶƱ
ǳϷԵһĻ죬е飬ȫһߵģΪԽܴԺߡ
ɷǳ򵥡
ֻǲ֣ȴûʲôһеһУʵԼɵġҪ˵ܣôӦñܵģĴĴǣ
ðɣķ磬ΪڡʵҲҪΪԼ⡣
飬ҲҪһȵĻᰡ
̹ߣ壬ʵҲĴġܹЩǣȻҲܴܽԺߡ
ֽʵǺܶǰû뵽ġºɵЩˣҲеû뵽
£յľȨʵڳīϡ
īڿ˷ϵ֮󣬸һĽ̸˺ܶ졣󣬳īߡ
ΪߵϣҲ˴ԣ
Լ̫һ㣬ʵϣԼ֮⣬˶ܿ
óīĸԭᵽ۵ʱ򣬴ߵУȫȻ֮ɫ
ͬΪ۵еģķǡǡҲ˵ϡȻǴķǵϣȴѾ޵Ŀˣ
īվߣȻȥѧԺ顣
ںܶ˿ǲܽܵġǶʲôݣĴǰҪʵʵؾصĽһߡôܵѧԺȥ飿
úܶ˶ޱǣ߷ǳȻĽ˳īš
ңī飬壬ΪͥīΪĵһֻۣء
ߵ飬ֱӱīܾˡ
Ȼʵ˵Ѿߡȴϼһͷ
Ϊ壬Ϊô飬ҪʲôҪ磬ıһ
Ըһжƽ֮Σ֮ʱֱӴӣȻȥѰһۣۡ߳īѾҵˡԪֻسˣȴ˳īܶʱ䡣
ѾֻˣʵϣѾûֻܹءīֻǲϵڰۣ߳۹¡գµֻس˵ʱ򡣳īŰӻ
⣬Ѿˡ
īʱܾߵ֮ûãϣٴ˳
һΣ飬ͬ󣬳Ϊͥīۣ
īڵʱȻҪܾһΣȴе˹ͬȰ˵
ⲻΥ
ڵʱȰ˵īһҪɡ
鹲ͬԸ̫Ҫһ䣬δһпֵܳĸˡ
Դˣīֻѡ˽ܡ
̹һǧǰʱҲǾǧǰīڼΪۡ
Ǹʱ򣬳ѾΪͥһǧˣ
īΪۣˮΪۺ
ˣ죬ڳĸ߶ȴںϣ
ڳīΪ죬絽ףҲԤʾųΪͥīΪۣõϿɣ
ϿɣϿɸܿɹ
ûˣûֹ£Ƭ졭ǲ׳һ˵ġ
īΪ֮󣬱㿪ʼֱӰ䲼˺ܶ෨֮ǰЩʵһԼ׳ɵĹһֱšҲһЩ壬Щ
֮еһ飬ȫ˹ء
һЩҲãǹҲãȫաҲٸеЩˡͬʱǵϣҲڳ˺ܶԼȻҲȥ
ЩǸһЩʵϣȴġ
Ͼϣ߾Ӷ࣬ǵȷҪġ
ͬʱǿĴڣҲ̫޼ɵзҪʤ¡
ԣЩȫʼʵʩˡ
ͬʱĴȻĴոַȻͳԼĴ硣
һΣôڴˣΪģǴߵضǡ
ī˰ڰ֣º͵ĵλض񡣡
лͷĵλ
λīվڵλ֮ǰ˵ͷ֮
еˣħͳЩīĳڣǵųī֮󣬲ŷ׷
īˣƽº͵˵ǰӵϢ˵дѾߵسɹǽ뵽֮󣬿ʼѰҴԺȻͬʱ͸ûֱ̫ľٶλʲô
ī˵ţĿͶԼүүϡ
Щ˵УϵݵλȻǵ֮ߣīΪۣ۵үү
˵̫̫ϻʵļ
ЩĲҪ̫УʵҲһսɡͥＸôġСǣҲȫѸ˼ˡͬҲΪͥŸָ顣
̫ͥҪܵҲ̫ࡣͥеЩˣѾѧ˷ȨҲû̫͡
Ͽųī˵ʵΣյġ


1918 齵
һ˵Щǣһٵǵ磬Ϳʼߵ£ðˡҪǰ֣͸һ·Ͼ磬дڵļֵȨǽ֮󣬷ǳ͵ѰҴԺԸߵ֮⣬һе£ȫǳȡ˵ڽ֮ǰѾйֵġ
ȫͷ
Ͻ˵ҵĽǣȫļǡǵҪʲôȲҪֱӿսϾǵ磬ңֲ֪ǵʵ
ǿӲսɵĳϣһεĽ飬ƶЩϡʵϣȴϳɳصĽ顣
Ϊ磬ǵģ
Щģ
һսôܻܿոʢ磬ɼ˺κ˶Ըġ
ôǿӲսɣԸ⿴ķ
ԣϵĻħƮЩսӣûκηĻ˵ڡ
īͷֽĿͶǱߡ
ڳѧԺ飬Ⲣ˵߾ͱ׼ܿ˻Ǹˣھ֮󣬳īӦء
ҪСڳѧԺ£ʵϣУӵżߵЩǽ̳ѧɲŵʵ̫ˣ
˵ұȽͬϵĽ飬һ£ұۡ
īͷ
˵Ⱥǣ̹磬һȻ飡ΪڹܡֻҪ̹磬͵˰޵Ĵ硣¹룬žԵá
˵ԣǸ֮䣬ʵŲɵ͵ìܵģһսֻʱ⣬϶Ҫģ
ߵͷʱ۲һʱ䣬Ǻõģϣܹ׼ⳡս޿ɱ⡣
´еգԵЩءʵҲףһսɱ⡣˵磬ȻѾӵмǿˣҪЩ鳹׿ս»Щ̡
ЩȻʧȥ磬ʧȥ㲻ǵսһ൱ֲ
īȻ쳾е񣬾Ͳθ߳ǰͷҲһ֮е顣ͬʱܸһսĴڣ඼ˡ
ʣЩ澳ʿǾ飬൱Ĳࡣ
īͷ˵ɣȥǽӴһ¡
ŵùȥɡ߳Щڽٵ飬ʲôǵ磬ǿˡ
úȥɡҲ
û˵Ҳ̫顣ʵߣж룺īǲˡ
ħͳЩˣҲȫīʵͬҲ֪ī׶ߣжٵΡ
īûԥֱӵͷˣǺðɣһΣֻ̽Ҫ׳֡סһУԱסԼΪǰᡣ
΢΢һ漴¶ĵЦݣųīʩ񣺡۷ģзִ硣
īֱӽⳡ£ʵټҲΪôеסĻͨ磬ʵͬҲԽ˵ġ
ֱȥˣû뿪̹硣Ϊ̹УѾӰ
Ϊķڵķӡ֮ей򡣶ԼӦȥʲô飬Ҳ׵ĺܡ
ֱ̹УΪǿһ顣
һ飡
ȻѾ㲻ˡû磬Ѿˡʣµľֻ޾Թͷŭÿһ飬жǱŭġ
֮ûڵһʱ䶯֣ҲҪ۲죡
ҪŪͼȫϢֱ֮ӳ֣ĻֱӾͿԶסҪˡ
ǺܿŪ˺ܶ飬̫ı
ԣ飬˿̾ڹ
ǰʱ飬Щ⣬ΪϲûɢκԣӣҲһӢӵԼεĺܺãû뵽ô׾ͱ˸ݲֱӳǰУҲûκεĿ־塣
͵ȼУûмԱ֮ΪֵĴڡһȺ͵顣ҧˣ˻¹飬־̬
ԣźߣһƽ
ȻҪЩ𣿡ʵϣƾӦ￴˵ĵһʱ䣬ʲôˡ
ҪʲôˣԷȻǾʲôˡȺ飬յĿģҪ¹磡
⣬磬žԵĳͻġ
飬Ŀźߣϵ˿˿ƣй¶һ㡣ʱƬռЩѾûа취ǵĴˡ
߲ûľٶֻһƽĿŶԷʵߵ棬Ѿˣ
ЩǣѾע⵽طôߣҪԷսġ
򡭡һ
ԺҪ򣬹ͱˡ
ͷںɵԺһûг嶯
ɱң飿Ҳ˺ߵݣһ̣ǣ¶һĨڽ֮ɫȣɱҡΣò˵˽̫ãվմȾһζζĺš
߿һ飺㲻ˣ
Ҳǡʳô޴⣬ϵԣѾ̫ˡǡеϧġʵν٣ҲûЩôģʧҲȫǵĴ߸ϣĿźߡ
Ц٣ˣ޼ҿɹĿɣ
ô˵ûġһΣյĿźߣ˵
ҡͷ̾ϢЩǣӦǾ仰ѼӲڵӡ֪Ϊʲôûѻ𣿡
Ϊҡ鵭˵
һƽ飬ڳһʵȫûκβ˼ϡ
ңȻʧЦУ˾ͺáô˵ô˵ȥɣˣطЩǵĿĵطʵ㣬Ҳȥ㱳Щ档Ҫϣӵһ֮أѭĹȥǿǡȻ¹磬ͷĻǣ޾飬Ƕף
ƲƲ죬мĵףһȺϡţ
˵ǵź;ģҪöࡣԣҪٱκβеĻˣǲܳɹġ
ҡҡͷ˵Ĵĵ͵飬Ǿǿһ£ʲôŽ̫û˽һˣѾӵûϵҿһ£
˵Ŷֱӳ֣ź߹
齵ĵһս׵չˣ


1919 ɱ
߶е⣬û뵽ԷȻֱӶ֡
ͥصأ
£ͥ򣬶û˴ġ˵սˣֱΪ
飬ȴȫЩʲôֱͥЦһȺ͵ȼ飬Լĺܿġȴķۡ
¡
һ죬ͥеĹԵ
ţ˷˲ķ󱻼
ֱӽͺɸڵУ߲ûм齻սһˡֱʧڷС
ǳīǵΣ
Ҳûȥ׷ߣΪոһȻûԿͬҲûռʲôˡ
Ȼʧȥļӳ֮ǵҲ˥˺ܶࡣȻĻСӣһƾ¶һĨʣ૵ԽӦԽǾ罫¹벻ͼ磬ҲмˡȻôĴ磡ҲѹᾭܲסֳءȴǸ׼һݴˣǾȴ֮ˣôİ¹һµ磬Ҫã
ȻڷУȴûκεĵ֮ɫⷨûпСҪˣ
ⷨУ߶ţͬŲͥһ㡣
ܿ죬ɫЩΪⷨе㲻һ㣡
£ֲ֮ϸûʲô˺ⷨе֮󣬾ȻоЩۡ
΢΢ü¶ջ֮ɫȻ˵ҪǵӰ쵽Щȶھֽܳⷨ׻ȥ
ˣ
һɿֱֲӵͷѹ
鵱һ
һɰڴϱֱӽѹȹɢ
ȴ֪ʱ˿̣ڷ֮⣬һȺˡڲ˵ĶΧۡ
ħ˵ȷǵûбʤġƴĻͿ˭Լˡ
ħȻǿӲԵŷе飬ӿս⣡
ʵȥԷս
ڻʱЩˣҪ֤ʵ
óݣܶ鶯֡
˵ǵȷԼһףȷͦǿġȫʵĻ˵ģҲûʲôµġ
̾Ϣֻ鵱Щ֮ӣǿ֡ǿô˲ͻϢı
ȫĬһ£ڳЩ˵У¾ī˵ܹ
ǳīܾúܾǰͲġҪĵطôһûУǸͲǳīԸ
ǵһοϳī֣Ҫס飬ֱ׾ٵ顣
ԣе鲢֪ԼʵѾһƷ
֤жǿ֪Ļһ˲䷢ģ
ԼȻһȺͼ
ڷͻģЩԾˡΪǿĹǿȣͬҲӣ
Īǡⷨ̽ʲôüͷ뵽ոֻԼԺһֱ뿪ǸʱЩˡ
һΣֱӽһ׵ĸ
˲佫öҡ
ҪһеĿһ㣬ʵη
ĶҡҲһ˲顣ܿ죬ͱȹͬʱбֹҲ˲ǿ˺ܶࡣ
Щ忪ʼ仯ָĶͨһһıʩչҪǿк顣
־ٶʵȺ˵⡣Ҳ˳ī⡣
īʩչͨϵĸԼսʽ໥ӡ֤Ȼ˫ûֱӽ֣ڳīԺУȴѾֱģ֮ս
ͬʱīҲսʤʡ
ʤǰٷְٵģҳīܿҪ׵Ļɱ˵ĻҪҡ
еīü
Ϊ˵ˣ鲢ûг֣Щڣǿߡ
Լ飬ҪеĻЩ飬ʤֽΣ
īаһҵһʵ飬һ֪ܲ
īѾкܶûгˣΪ磬ҲûֵĿ꣬ߣǲĶֻ֡дһΣҲˡ
ԳīֽѹʽĴ򷨣߶ˡĶӰ쵽ˡԭܼ򵥣ȻȻһߡⲢôϿߵʵ
ֻǾԼܱȺɣᱻЩ鴦
ѡҲȲѵ顣ʵϣڸոս˳īǽʱߣȻǰԼݵѵġ
ڸīд֮ˡ
īǿ֮ǰҵȻ˫ֵĻôīһõĽҲܾˣ
ī̫ǿˣ
ڵʱѾȫ̹߳ŶӰ죬ѾԼķ
˫սҲдͬʱҲ˾޴ϣ
ΪǺ磬īǿߣҲ
Ƕϣܱĸӳһ㣬ðЩǿȫ˺ˡĻ齵䣬ҲȥԿˡ
С
ŭţ
ΪֲôǿȴȻޱȣûκܱļ෴ʼľɱ
һֲķ˺ţֵַط
Ϊյ磬µķҲԲࡣ
Χַ֮⣬ĵطҲôǿķˡ
ˣ
ʿһգȻûʶὫҲ
Ϊ̫ǿˣ
󲻶ϵĶɱȴһһȥ
еǱ֮⣬ûʲô󰭡
̲סŭʲô£ȻĻȱɱ﷽Բ飡ʲôƨͥʲôƨۡǶ
ŭȫеķͻȻֹͣˡ
ʧ̫ͻȻˣ
Ȼޱȸϻ¶˼֮ɫ
漴һۿԶЩΧˡ
ɫʱһƬ࣡
ȻΧˣ
һȺ͵ȼ顭Χˣ
ģ
ϣո¶һĨŭɫʱһ޵Ѫɫ⣬ֱ
ֱ屻һ˲䣬˶û㷴Ӧ
꣡
˵壬һΪ

īӰ߳Ѫɫ߱죬˵


1920 ĺ
ǱߵߣһĻ˲䣬ȫҵĳ鴤
Ŷ갡īսȻһµĴ̨ף
̬
壬ôģ
ֱ˼飡
ħͳȺˣҲȫһ𾪵ı顣Ҳīսˡ
Ѿܾöûмīˡ벻Ȼôұøǿˣ
һͰˡ
ȻԪ񻹻ţѸͣһڸ飬Թش
飬Ҳīһˣ
ȵ͵Ϯң㡭֪˭ĺ𣿡
īϣʱ¶֮ɫͷߡ
Χ۵ЩˣҲȫı顣
͵Ϯܸһ𣿡ħǱ˵磬͵Ϯһ˵ԼʵãȻֱ˹ϸĳѵôģ
ɫʱǺ죬ŭ죡
ž
Ӱһ
飬ϰ˺ݺһơ
ͬʱīǱ޾㲻ʵô˶ûѧᡣ
񣡡˰һƣͨ죬ѸȻѹƲס˿ڷ
Ϊīõģͬǿֲķ
飬Ще־ˣвҪǸҶң
Ļû˵꣬ǵ޵Ѫɫâٴ
һΡĲ͵Ϯˣ
ƤôˣҲ˼˵͵Ϯġ
飬ո۳壬һΡīһ롣
Ԫ񣬵ڶ۳ʱˣĺӵܡǲңҡүүĺ
ɣ
ԶյУȻ䴫һϺȡ
һϺȣ쳹Ͽգֱӽ޽Ĺ綼΢ͬʱ֪ж飬ֱӱôڿѪЩʵģ㱻һϺȸֱ
īͬʱһ
һߣ֮ǰϺȸк͵޾飬ӹһ١
ȥ̹ϿգĶϡʵϣȴޱңԶĵطԣ֮󣬲ûеһʱ˸Ϲ
ˣۣϷķϣҪⲻµĺһʶᣬеʢ
һϺȵ֮󣬶ԷȻֱӿˡȻڿ飬ʵϣζɲô㣬ģֺ֮ѡġһʢ˵ζ
ȻôԣڳЩʲôˣȻȫܸܵԷе
īû˵̧һ鲻˼Уͷ­ֱӸˣϻһ˿ոΪԼ˵¶Ц
ԼҵĴﵽˣȻԼġȻǳһ䣬ȴδʲôЩ˶Ҫ
û뵽ǣ塭ʲôʺۣȻһͷ­ֱԴѹԪ£־ŭĸов
ǲģǰǣҪӳ֣ǲ㲻ࡣ
磬ͬǿġҲ飬һθܵԼȻ˽
ˡ
Ҫɱң
ġƤ̣Ȼˣܵͣһδ˵ɱҶûô
ǱУͬʱһͳֲϵˣ˴ˡ
ˡī˵
һԼ͡ΪԼոշԼġ
񡭡ɱá
Զ޾УһӰ
һĸߴߣϣɢźεǿ
ոһϺȣҲġ
ĺеһϣͬʱҲүү
е飬Խ١ÿеĺҲûܵѸ١ҪԣҪԸѪ޵ķɢȥ
ĺĳһͷڷʮšȥԼʮӣһ˫ޱͬӥһ㡣òǺӢ֣һ൱ĸо
˿̣ĺĳɫ̫ÿĿųīȻһ۱īеǿͷ­УһĨʧ֮ɫȻῪڸͼġ⵱Ȼúѿ
ҡĺĳֱӶԳīڣǵ⣬ǿᣬǲЩ֮䷢ͻ
Ŷīüһĺĳϣ˵ô
ġĺĳϣ۾˵ϹıȫѷɫīЩϼ޻塣
ôͥصأﲻܲ˵ĳ֡㡭īĺԴŶԷ˵ոһɤӣŵˣǮ
ĺϵһͷߣЩ˼Ŀųīе㲻ţֻӳīĿ˵
ԶħȺˣͬҲͷߡ㿴ˣͬǿӲޱȵĳīѾ˸Ⱥ˺׼ˡ
ֱӾͿҪ⳥ǸһĴҲûѶԷ
˵ʲôĺϿųī˵ˣҪİԼۡ㻹䡣
ǲ䣬û䡣ī񡣡
ĺĳϣǶó鴤һһĵģڹһ
ãųҪôܷ
īǮ
ãҪǮĺĳϣ¶һĨ֮ɫʲôƨۣҲһ̰ͼ֮ˣʵ׶Ը
̹࣬磬һԴˡī˵ţܺĵĸԷһ֡
Ȼһֲ֣ȻǶʿҪִŶԴҲҪһʱɡ
ĺ˶ЩסˣȻˣˣʨӴ󿪿ڣҲôġɣҸ龧ʯ˷˰ɡ
˵ţУֱó龧ʯ
񼶵ľʯ
棬ɢŲ˼
龧ʯٵֵ̹һĲˣ
ò˵Щǣȷ̫ˡó龧ʯȻӵ˼ֵ
ڳīУȴġ
ֻˣ޾޹飬ǰ־޴Թͱֻǰ޾ĸ֮
Ϊ־ʯҲΨһ˲ȡγɡ
ȻĻ䣬ͲִܳȡĶ
ĺĳϣīϣ¶һĨĳŪҪأҪһĲһµĲҪСӵ͸ʹ컰ȥҲʹ컰ھͿ㣡


1921 ֹ۵ʤ
ī˵ţĺ˵ͷ­һ֮ϣͬʱʼ۳һɼǿķ
Ϸ˲˵Ԫ
磬ֱӽֻȥɣ
ʲô飿
㡭ĺϴŭŭųīˣ̫ˣǿƣĪȺ񡭡ɲɱ˵ߣ
Ǿɡīֱӳ֣˲ͽԪˣ
үү棬ֱɱĺ飡
ĺĳ̲סһŭֱųīˡ
Σ˲īֱǾɱ
־ʿսҪսپȻǽս
ֲƥķȫָ֮䣡
飡
īĺĳϣתۼ䣬ͶԺʮС
˫ƽɫ
ĺĳϲû֮ɫոճī˲ɱӣѾףۣʸһսġ
ϣֱӳһѹŽ
īʱҲó߱졣
߱죬ĺĳ۾΢΢һУƺһĨ֮ɫ
漴侲ųī˵ˣˡĺ˭ܶġ
īƲƲ죺ɱɱˣôķϻ
˵ţīֱӶԶħȺ˴ȫ֮ǰصЩĿ꣬ȫϳȥ
£ħȺˣֱʧС˵ϣȫ˷֮ɫǵȴһ̣ʵѾ˺ܾúܾˡ
飬֮սҲһֱ̣Ӵ죡
ϣҲ˲Ϣʹˡ
Щո뵽еǣȻҲ磬Ϣе飬ȫŭˣ
ǾԼѾ̵ˣǻ˵У´⧲֮£ֱӱ˺ƬͲ඼һЦ֮ûڵһʱչѾǶһֿݺʴȡ
û뵽飬Ȼ˲֪Ӵ̶ֳȡȻҶǷս
ʹ˭˭
飬Щͼ飿
սֱչˣսǰû뵽ⳡսȻôͽˡ
һΣߵض飬ʵһҲû١һ𣬻ǧ
ж٣
ƣ
ңԭս壬ԭʹ£Ⱥչ˷Χˣ
Χ˼ֱʷǰģ
Ĵò̾嵱սʶ³ۻĺѳ
һԭҲҪԭȺȫʶһϵսԲ򣬿ԿкǰúƽյĽֻ·һ
Щ飬ΪġͲһ˿˿
ͨ磬Ѿ֪̫Ϣ
֪̹Ĺ浱Уǰ޽ȫѷɫĴôġ
綼Ӳı˹¼ŵأҲȥЩ棬֪˵Щ鶼ġ
£ڸά罵ٵ飬̹ǻ鶼ֻһͷǾһȺֲ֡еȺ֮䣬ֻһ
̬£ᵨӣ飬ȫóǿս
ΪΪԼȨ
һԭҲͨӰ죬ԸĽӽ塣
̫ǿˣЩ֮£ཫЩѪȫˡ
ԣⳡԭǿܼսʵϣһֻ˲һµʱ䡣
ǧߵض飬Ѿʧ˳һ룡
һǧ˰ٶս
ֻصֱӾߣ
ǻתʲôû֪ˣԶزˡ
ֻسеͼۻ壬Ѿһˣ
Уīĺ֮սҲѾ
īˣĺϣȴˣ
ǱŽ̹硣
īƲأһʱȬ֡
սϢͻ汻͵˷棬īĺ峤ϵһսͬҲ¼ݵϡ
죬һƬڣ
е飬ȫ
ǾȻ壡
ҴЩ飬ԶԶ뿪磬ӽڴȥˡ
īֱӶ޾Ľ޸
һΣЩҪߵض룬Ҳûôˡ
ⳡʱ䲢սߵȫǿҵš֮ϣһƬ
ʵϣͥߣ֮ĺսȴûôֹۡ
ΪⳡսУһǧ˰ٶˣս飬ȴǲǴ澳ʿʧѾʮ
澳֮µģơ
ԣһʤûʲôֵҫġ
һϣȫԿߣǱߵʵž޴ġ
֮ԷϼֲֻԼߵʧҪΪ֮ǰû˭ΪҲǿսʤġ
ԣʧܴ󣬵飬ȫֹ۵ΪʵҲˡͬѪҲ
ֹ۵ǿţԳ䡣ܳͥ
Ҫͥ˶ôΪ²ˡ
̫ˣ
ͥߣû˭äĿֹۡ˵ϣ֮ɫ
һǧٶ飬ûɸɱˣϧ߳д齵ٵʱߣĿֲ
˵һȷǲɱ顣Ӱ쵽ǵĺƻ
ƻʲôȻǼȡ
ǰУȻѾʼʵϣȴȻȡǰеԹܳһȹȥȶ硣δȴȻҪķȡ
ԣǵĿ꣬϶ߡ˵
ħЦ⵽һϢء٣ǵ磬ֲֿͿ̿¼
ȫЦ
Ҷ֪ħԳ
Ҳеֹ۾ڸȾˣ֧ŴҼȥ
ı۵ˣʵڿѾ뵽Ҫˡ
Ͼսʵ̫ˣ
̫ˣ
κһǶȥ߼ûһʤʿԣǧ飬ͽͳͷҪǳأʮ࡭ʱߣֽʲôԿ
ʶȺʵǲսʤģʱǻֹ𣿻ó־ȥս
ĺ˵
ʱ򣬺ߺȻ˵磬һطŴء


1922 ǿߵ
īһۣȻʵʲôأ
˵Ǹطǽȥ
ʱߺҲȫʲôһͬʱ˵ͷȻ˵Ӧ統УΪµһˡǹͬݣʱң߻ڡĴ߹ͬݺͼ㡣óĽۣǸطƺһ޷ΰ˲Ϣ佫ȫѹ
µĵǸط񻹾öЩ־塣
ֵطī΢΢üҲ֪ʵհΧ֮⡣Щطһ㱻֮Ϊ֮أǷ֮ء
˼ǲڷķΧ֮ڡЩطһ˵Σա
ǻ磬ֻ磬ʿʶ޷͸
ԣҪֵ̽طǳѡһСģĿܡ
֮һ˵һԵشҲǿհ׵شֵطһ˵ʲôҲûСʲôرõԴ
ΪγɺԴĵطĴ½档γһȻĽڣֵطˡ
ֻ֮Ҳĵطͨ˵еֻ
ԣߵĻʱһЩ˵ľͻɡϾ˭⻰ʵǶųī˵ģҪóīȥֵ̽طȻȡǿ
ҲɵǵǻԨĺܣԣ˵֮󣬺һ̹ȻĿųī£ֵطȻû취ģ±õϿɡִֻءأл뵽Ǹطһ̽ĴڴԵô磬оȡ
˵һҲȥΣ֮ء
ǵĽͣЩɺ;ˣ˼ΪҲ˵Ҳʵ浽һۿžҪˣôȥֵطҲͳΨһѡˡ
ʱ򣬳īȻɫһ˵ߵأٻҡȥһᣬǼˣǽǸطҡ
˵ţīΣͻȻľʧ
УȫĬ
óīӦԵģȻһͨ飬˵ǿ飬ߵؽҪֱӻɱīˡ
սԳī˵Ǹûа취رܵġ
߿ˣ˵ĴսҪˣ
㿴ʲôȻʵ
ʬɽѪʬ壬ƯУѪ磡˵
һĬ֪ռⷽ棬ųǿ
Ϊһ飬δӦܿδһǡʵϣҲֻܿһҵ˼ҪܹδĴϢҪǿרŵķˡ
ⷽ棬ų
ǵˣҲȷŷǷġ
̹ţҲΪ磬û̹˽⡣
˿̣īΣ֮ۡ
Ľڣ
ֽڣѾ֮ܳΪˣ˵֮ҲΪ
̫ߡ̫̫Զ
Ѿľͷ
ޱߵ񷵱Уһֻ޴ۡ
ۣȻγɵģ֮⣬Щߵ
Щ̫ǿǵķ̫ˡѹһֻۣȻߵؽ
īʱˡ
쳣ˡ
һŮ
ȫ壡
ѹ˵ڸάߣʵȻ壡
ȫûڲԼòޱȵĿ
ңÿһˣԼɫ
ǵò覵ģҲһ覴á
żΪзɵġκս£Ҫǿ
Ůӿī֮ȿˣųī˵㣬Ǹɱĺˣߣ
īŮӣ˵ϣܵޱΣյϢ
˵ͷī˵ң
㣬Ůһ˫ӣųī۾˵ɱһҪԱѾǡ
īŮӣû˵ҲûдֻУѾ¶˼ֱĳŪ֮ɫ
ŮȻܹܵīĿųī˵ڿԸһᣬ㽫úãǿ㽫ѹȻгһգԴļԱһ硣⡭һϵҫ
ī˵ֺ£
㲻øеɻûбҪƭ㡣Ů˵ڣԹ¿ͷлˡ
ʲôīһãȻĿŮӡ
Ůһ˵ڿԹлˣ治֪ôģȻ˴㡣
һ׷ӵ˵ΪǻϻУһ׵ء
Ů˵ǲĺǸõĳϡĲģԸһ֣еκһ˺˰벽Ӯˡ
ûˣīĺŮ˵ǴӺζġ
ŮӣȻ˵Сһ˰벽Ӯˣ
ԡŮӵͷĿųīˣ֣
˵ҲΥˡΪǶ㽻㣬Ҫ
׷ӵ˵Ȱ㻹¹лɣһϵĶˣǰδе顣
û˵Ҫīʲô˲ͷҪī¹лһһǲĸԸ̸ļơóīиоʮֺЦ
ˣ˵Ӯأ
㲻ӮŮӿųīĪҪԣ
īϣûвܵ飬֮ǰҲһΪ粻
ӴŭֱӳԺǳ⣺𣿡
׷ӸŮӵɫҲѿī仰ֱǵ˿Ϻݺִһ
īЦǺǵĿԣҪӮأ
ī̬ȣȻ˶ΪŭͬʱҲһǿҵľ֮ġ
ƾʲôôţ
ʵǸ֮ˡţĺǸϣǰЬ䣡
ңŮӸոյĻУҲпӵġֻ˵˳īб˺벽䣬ȴû˵ǻᱻҲ˵涯ֵĻǻỹֵģ
ȫţƾǵóīռˡ
ˡȻţ
˭ûīӮ
ԣڳī׷֮£Ů΢΢ü˵ҪӮˣǡ
īǾͳΪҵūͰɣ
Ƣ𱩣ҪԳī֡׷Ӹס׷ӿīĿ⣬ͬɭޱȡ
ŮҲһŭ
īһЦôң


1923 ǿƥ
Ů˵Ѿغɢǣļͼ
īЦҾ˵ҡ
㻹ûʸ񣬳Ϊǵˣǰ벽ΪǵˣֱǷˣһ˫۷Ҫð⣬ųīдɱ⡣
ǣһַʽɡīŽӣ˵ˣҾͰıȡ磡ˣҪΪҵū͡𣿡
ʲôңѿڶ
Ǳߵİ׷ӺŮӸֹҲΪӲǳīĶ֣Ǿãһǣߣе㲻ˬˡ
ѾӦ׷ӵ˵ˣǻá
Ůӵͷѵһ¾ˣûֱ£ѧ˼ѱ
īҲգЦĿŽӣעռıˡ˵ʵūͣҲǺܿۡ
ȥɣֱӾͶԳīˡ
ʿ̸ʲô͵Ϯ͵Ϯģīʵ̫˳ˡһͼе飬Լɻʻǵˡ磬û˸׳Ƶۡ
浱֣ôֵǮأ
жˣŸ׳Ƶۣ
һǿƵԸӵĵزȥƺûжʲôƻʵϣ̺ȭͷ֮ڡûйȥ
ʵϣһֱӴһ澳ʿǽ֣Ҳסһȭ
һˣ
׺Ըӵһ֡
˵ŻīһһȭǳŴīȥģ
սһЩʧͲһСģѽҰˣǱǸ˭֪ôô򰡣飬Ҳзհһ챻˴ˣǻиʧ
ڣѾˣ
īվԭأڽһȭʱ򣬳īϵı飬ƺһ˿˿ľ֣ҲеȻȫûԤϵԷȻôǿһ
飬ŮӺͰ׷ӵУ˵ϣȫ¶ƶЦݡ
ǡо仰ô˵ţ廨ͷãô˵İɣ
ϵı飬ޱȡ
ǵľ㹻۲㹻ϸ£ԣǽīı飬֮䣬㾡۵ס
ǽӣ¶һĨЦݣ·𿴵壬һȭͷֳ
Ѫɣ
Խѣ
ֳ棬ʱ򣬿ǺѿϾлɱ飬ûôɡ
ӹһбɱ֮ˡ
磬뷢й
䣡
ȭͷ˿Ѿīǰ
ʱ򣬳īǲִУǿһȭȭͷϡ
˲Ϣ䣬ƥı
Ȼ֮ߴȻ䱬һޱĿĹâͬʱпֲĲɢȥ
ʵ̫ǿˣ
ǱߵŮӺͰ׷ɵЦݣһӾסˡΪֶײֹâĲȫһ屻ǵһȭԴ֮Ӧеġ

ӵĲҽһ̣ͻȻ䱬
ˣ
׷ӺŮɫ䣬Ǹȥ
ȴӵӰǹâУֱӵɳȥ
͵һֻϺ
һֻɵɳһ˲ʧƬС
Ȼڽӵ׷ɵ¶ϣһɫѪҺ
֮ѪҺ
ҲһֱΪԼб
Ǳ߹âɢīӰ
һͷٵĳϱս⡣һ˫УĹâ˵ӽҵūͣˣ
ըˣ
׷ӺŮӣһӾըˣ
ūͣˣ
ϽӣУҲλȨصִڣ
Ȼᡣ
ȫݵλߣѰˡǲ̫Ѱˣ˵ĺĳֽɫǣҲʩ˵
ҲÿͿĿڳƹӺС㣡
࣬ʲô
һ˲䣬۰׷ӣŮӣȫһҪԳīֵͷ
ʱ򣬳īȻЦˣν飬һȺСˣȫ̸аÿԵһȺɡɱڣүνǻʲôүˣ
˵˭˵˭ûãԶ޾Уǽӷŭ
ûīһЦУõһȺ飬ɣڸϽɱڡȻĻһ⻭ɾͨŰ崫ݳȥˡ
˵ţīһͷѽǲ˼Ѿȥء飬ȫܽõĻˡûϵƤ˶ǣҪ
׷һ˫ޱɭĿųī˵㱰ɣ
ŮҲųī¶Թ֮ɫ޳ܣ
ȥġīˣ˵
һ̣īֱӶˣ
Σ쵽ԸӵĵزֻһɲǣŮǰ
̧־һȭ
飡
һȭֱŮ޵û覴õϡ
޳ܣ
飡
īһȭҹȥ
ұɣ
飡
ȭŮӵʱڽŮӵϵĹͷˣ
һ죡
ǵ΢飿
飡
ȭֱӽŮӵԴ򱬣
ŮӵԪţͷ­ѸٵԶûҡ
īȭٶȣȫԽеٶȼޡ
̫ˣ
׷ӣȫûܷӦ
ŮӣѾشˡ
ڻعʱ򣬳īѾ
һȺ񣿡
ī̧һȭ
ȭͷУӡŰĹ
̫ˣ
ȫеЩ޷һΰ
ǳīѰȥ֮󣬻󹦵¡ûݹ£Ϊ۵ʱ磬ᵽ
û֪īЩﵽľ磬Ҳû֪īӵս
֮ǰսĺĳʱīҲûóȫΪǸʱ򣬳īڹ۲졣ڼսж١
ôͱ¶ԼʵսԣˣҲҪЩһ
ڣҪˣ
ΪȺ飬ѾʼΧߵأҪˡ
Щ߸ϵǣ֪ˣûǷеĵ΢飬ӵԶԶԽǵĿֲս
飡
īһȭ׷ӡ
ٶȣ̫ͬˣ
׷ֻüֱۣҪīһȭ
꣡
ֱֱۣӾ۶ˣ
ĸ첲ֳһʮֹ״ڼϣֱۣѾˡ
飡
īһȭ׷˵Ŵ
꣡
һĹ
׷˵ֱӱīһȭҵȥ
飡
īȭֱ׷˵ϡ
ֻһȭͽһ
覵Ӣ˲ʧˡ
׷˵ԪͬīȭֱӴȥޱǱֻʵԶ
ȻŮһ𣬻иϹȥĽӣ˾һޱȺȻųīĿ⣬Ȼ˾Ͳš
һ½飬ôӵֲֿս
ֱͬλһ㣡
̫ˣ
ī¶ļЦ˰벽Ӯˣ
ԪʵˣɫȫѿҪˮ


1924 
ˣúܲңζͬǧͬʱ档ϻģȫ˵
ΪЩǸոԼ˵ġңǾӸ£һָӵ̬ȣޱȽ˵ġڱ˼ÿһ仰һǶǵϡ
ʵѪܵģǵĽϻ÷顣
ȫûиأ
ôģϣȻһʼ̫ˡȫûнī˵̫ˡ
īˣʧȥ磡ǽӮҫˣǿˣ˵Լû˵ֻûϵȻ綼飬ҲѡӶ½ĵ΢˵ʲôʲôôӰ쵽Щ߸ϵأԲ
ۣ
ŮֱһѪؿھҵţīĿУҲԹͷߺޡ
ĺܲİ
һ½飬ôӵʵ
֮ǰݻϢ˵ڸĺǸսʱ򣬶ô
һĺĳ϶㲻ˣôǱ
϶ǲ׾ˣ
߲㣬һӾͨˡ
ͨʲôã
еŻ֮ǰ˵ڵġ
˵塭Ȼޱ֮ߣȻĿˣȴԼһȺ塣
ΪǶԼĻô䣬֡
ǣǽԼ񣬶ǸݵλԵȵĴȥȴûҪīֵͼȥʲôԼ
ԣ飬Ҫô
໥һۡ
ƢΪĽӣȻǰ˼ųīг˲ʣҧٸһλɲĶ֣ôԸŵˣ
ˣŮϴŲ˼֮ɫŽӵıӰ
Ӳûлشǿųī
īȻЦˣãҸᡣ
ӿųī˵лл
ʱͷһ۰׷ӺǼŮӣˣǰæתҵļ峤ҳ·һõҲһųΪսġ
ʱӳ·λ飬ȻѾսľġ
ϣ£
˵꣬·ֱīȻһ˫У¶֮ɫųī˵ҳսǿƥһΣսʤңôҽŵԣΪˣ
˵䣬·ֱӶˡ
һΣֱӼһӵķ
ǷȥһףֻаƴСġ
֮󣬹ֱӴī
ˣ
ɲǼ䣬һͷ޴䣬Ȼǹ׵Ծɢ޾ıϢǺɡ˸ź⡣
һɿֲƥųīߣ˲ѹ
Ǳߵİ׷ӺŮȫ¶֮ɫ֪·Ҫƴˣ
īϣҲ¶һ˿ء
׵Ĳҷ·𻹴һѹϢ
޴䣬ֱſ죬Ҫīɡ
ī壬˷ֱӳֻ䣬̧־һȭ
¡¡
īΣ󲻶ϵ˳Զ
ֻ䣬ȴûһУųīֱӳ˹
䣡
䣡
䣡
ֲ̫ˣÿһҪٵⷽһϵǹɲϢҲԡ
ǳīۼǹΪһĻ
ʵϣǣ
ֻһַ
ⷨУԿе
īϸֻӲӲȻԺԷķ
ֻĹҲǳǿǽֻз֡
ӳ·΢΢ĿվıҲԲɡΪԦ˵ͬһּΪһ顣
飡
īٴһȭֻͷϡ
һΣķڱīһƿ
һѪ⣬ͷ­ֱų
ͷ޴䷢һʹ˻
ޱȵʵ
ʵϣȻǷͷ䣬䣬ҲѾûκηֱˡĽƤѪȫʵġ
īһƿҲܵ˾޴˺
͵İͷҪīͷϸ˦īȴĲһ
ʱ򣬳īȻ˫֣סĲӣһŤ
Ǳߵİ׷ӺͼŮӣʶıһ۾·Ŀһ档
꣡
Ǿ޴ĲӣֱӱŤˣֱӿʼ
˿˿ƵƺҪɻصǽɫĹ׷С
īһ˲ͽǹȫԼ塣
ţīУֱӳ߱죬̧־һֱӶǽɫĹף
ѵ
߱ݺնڽɫĹ֮ϡ
ֻаƴĹףīһն֮һĺۼ
ǱߵĽӳ·۵һһڽɫѪҺ
˵ľҲһӱή
Ǳߵİ׷ӺͼŮӼ״ֱӾҪ
ȴ·ֹάҪѵĻͲҪ⡭Ҹ֮ս
Ǳߵİ׷ӶάͼŮʱֹסΣǵУ¶֮ɫ
ⳡѣԼġһʼͰ˼סλ½ȻٸӦĵλǰҪĻô˵Ͳᷢˡ
ںҲˣѾ׵ļŭ½ۡ
·ϣȡһŵҩֱ£Ȼϣһ⡣һεġ˳īǱߣ
ɱ
·һ춯صŭ
ŵҩķ£ս䣬Ӳһ
ǱߵĶάϣȫѾ¶ޱصɫǺ·̷Ƕʲôֵҩͨ˵ֻʱŻã˲һս˺Ҳ൱ġ
ҲΨжĵճӵܣʸõֵҩѰЩ飬ѵһ
ս˲һĳ·ٴԳī˲˾Եź͵
ŭܽұƵֵزԸеԺˣ
䣡
䣡
īһ侲ĸԺš
ÿһɢֲƬվҵĲһ
һʼīȷе㱻սһĳ·īƺԵЩΣˡ
ī̫ˣϣû¶һη֮ɫûκεȴ֮⡣
һһµĸ·Ժ䣬˴ٶغϵʱ򡣳·һӡڳīؿڣīǿֲ˫ֱӷһ졣
꣡
ǹͷѵ
ͬһʱ䣬īٴնһ
ϣ
߱Уֱӷһ
һն
ޱȵľޣ
ˢ
·壬һֱ롣
Ԫһܵش
ȻսһͷȻǳīĶ֡
īȻҲˣȥĿų·նԪȻν󣬽·Ԫٴն
ţʩչϷ·ѾܵԪ񣬸ѹ
īų·Ԫʵɷ
·Ԫ񣬽ģϣһƬҰ˵ˣ


1925 
һ̣·ֱӵϥųī˵ҡ·ϡھŴճӵܣī۳ԸΪūͣѡ
Ǳߵİ׷ӶάͼŮȫһ͵ĿһĻ
·ˣ
ôǿĳ·Ȼˣ
ңĺܳףңʮָɴŵԡΪūͣ
߳𣿳𣿾޹Ҫһطȥ
ָоǴδй⡣
˵Ȼ죬Ҳûнܡʧȥ㲻ļ԰¡ȴƺϺɶһˡ
άʱ򣬱˴໥һۡǶӶԷУһĨ֮ɫ
ò˵·ȷǰǵõġΪԼīˣҲû˿ᵽ
ԽԽһԼǱС˵ĸо
գάһ̾죬ʵѾעǵĽ죬ɳǵļ塭ԣȻȻģҲԼ㲻һֱ֮ǰûˡҲȻԼһҵŵѪҺǽɫģǷӵĺɫԣʵһԼ壬ϵȫͬǸ߼ˡڣˡ
һ𺳵ĿŶά벻ĻܴԼ˵
άЦЦˣʧȥ磬ʵ͸һǲġǵսϣȻǾ˫ģȻġ˵ģҲҵŷ֣ԭҲ־塣ȥһֱΪԼ߸Զ֪־Ϊʵֻһִڣˣȥɡ
ʲôңһȥأѵҲһ˼ĿŶάСһ𳤴Ļ顣¶ŵɫ
ȥ·Ȼǵ꣬ƢҲǸʵϣУǸʵǶά
ǹ棬Զûб˵Ǹ
ɽ졭Ȼ˵һидĻңȻҲҪŵԡ΢ġġۻġūͣ
άһ̹ȻĵͷǵģǶˡŮӡ
Ȼһŭ汬Ŷάô㿴Ůӣ
Ȼǡάʼ磬¶һ˿ЦֻҾáţ·ҲһԸ
ȻأĿŶάҰѶԼһ˻ȥǸСǸѾʧȥ磬ʧȥͲġС
ά̾һܱ
˵ΪʲôҾͲܣƾʲôŮˣŮѵͿԲŮѵͿԲҪ˵ŮɲԷŹһǸ࡭ոնֵʱ򣬰ҵһŮˣ
˵£ȻǿҵķŭУҧгݵ˵ԣͬԣ
˵䣬Ѿ󲽳ųī߹ȥֱߵ·ߣͬĿɿڴĳ·ŭĵǵӦòö԰ɣ
˵ţֱӶųīϥ򵹣ҧгݵ˵ϵʮŮī۳ԸΪūͣѣ
˵꣬ޱȸɴֱӽԼһʶ
ⶫֱӵĳʽ
һʶī֮Ȼҧ˵ۣȻѾҵˣҪʲôǷֵҪĻԸҲӦ
Ϊڸոգīһ˲䣬УǶЩġӣˡûбҪȥʲôҲûκģ
뵽統Уļ棬һЩ͵ģȻͬ㲻飬ЩˣȴԶֻ˵˽˶ǿΪΪ
뵽һЩ棬һӾЩԸī˵ⷬ
īһۣûж˵ʲô
ʱ𷢵ĳ·Ѿѡ˳ʣǸ׷Ķάˡ
ʱ򣬶άȻЦЦΣȻʧԭءУǸг·УҪһȥġԭǸģԼˡԡԲұȥҪ֪߷ʲô
ͳ·ϣһƬȻζţάȻˡ
ոնάһøĻص˵ĶԣȻάԼȴˣ
ܵĺףֺԥ
ôˣ
īûȥάΪڸոһ˲䣬άֱӶһĽ
ǸֱʧȻǳīҲȥͬʱīҲȥ
ˣЩɵ۵Ŀų·
·̾˿ʶô꣬ѵ֪һʲôˣ
ҡһ˵˼ңȴ˵Զάֺγ˽أ
һĴˣߣֻƱˣûбƹ˵ƤʲôģֶҪã
άʵһֱͲ̫ƤֶֻǸʱ磬Ҳûлչ޳ܵһ档Ҷάƽ˵ĸоڹĽϵͷһ֡
ˡϵͷ
ô˵һ೼˵Ӧöһ޷ܵɡ
Ҳڸոһ˲䣬˵ǷﻰҲ׼ҪīȻ뿪Ļøġû뵽ŭˣֱӸɴĶԳīʾˡ
ȵȣ
ͳ·˲໥һ˵ĿУޱȵĸӡ
ˣ
ά̫˽һʲôԸˣѣС;һ档Ҳûзֿ˴˼˵Ըȫǳ˽⡣
ά֪ܲǹ棬ʵһر𽾰رسŵô
Ȼ֪ȴҪô˵ܾܺ͹ˡ
Ȼ󡭡ֱӶԳīʾ˳Чңȴû뿪ˡ
ܺáȻ΢΢˫ۣһ˵ôվǵѣ뿪ҲŸˣô
·Цһ£ͷ˵ǰɣ뿪ҲǸ˵ġ
ĸ飬¾ҪʼˡΪѡ飬˴ʱҲԶά޲
˾˰ɣ
ʱһֱվû˵ĳīȴȻ˵ȻȥɡģҲǿκǲԸ顣˵ǵȥԸ塣ǿ϶޷ܵġȻˣǶȥɡ飬͵û
ô˵īȴûнԪˡ
ͳ·ȫסĿųīû뵽īȻǻȥԭΪΪūָͣҪܵ衣ڿƺϣʮ֮⡣һУûзκεı仯
Ҫǻȥųī˵ָ˸м㡣
·Ȼû˵뷨ȴƺҲࡣ
īͷ˵Ҳ֪ǱʲôˣҪʲôأҲҪͼı磬ǻȥȰһ䡣ҪƽǻӭҪǰǿӶᣬôҾսװɡ
ͳ·ˣû֮ǰмһĵͷûٶ˵ʲôֱתȥ
˳ֻ޴ۣ뿪硣


1926 
֮ǰǽ潻ǵ˳īҲû񣬵Ҫóī֪ʲô
īĲ࣬統УӵмرӴ塣磬ռλУͬзɵɡ
ߣҪͨ½ͬԡܶά·Щһ鲻ԸǸͬһԴʵϣȴһʵ
û⻷ӳ֣ʧȥͲ࣬ôеЩ飬ʵҲǸǿˡǵ嵱ŽɫѪҺҲȻı䲻ʡ
ļ壬ϡϺͳϣǵľͷҪȸ½ߴЭ顣Ȼóīߣ档¹һ磡
³ɹˣôӴ˺壬ٴγΪߡһΣҪʤһΣ
½磬ױǰһһа˴ϯλ壬ȴֻռϯ˵ͬߣһУȴǲͬնġ
ŸϵĲء
ɳһϣͨƣӮó۵ĺøСôҲܼ򵥣Ϊͨݣ֪ۺᡣǿɳһ˺ܶϱ飬ֹͨʽδǳϲġ
֮佻ȴҪ򵥶ˡ
ĺܺãڸԵļУҲȷֵ÷ǳ㡣Һǫѷ͵Ű裬һ֮
ȴһ£·άƽֳǫѷ͵͵ֻԡ½ͬҲˣ
ʧˣǾߵʧΪǲ̫ѹԣ½֮ǰҲҪԳۿһ㡣ҪżӡȴûкĸǣҪ
ûе˽飬ΪĽܹ׷µģ
ԣֱӱˣ
ǰЩ飬ͳ·֪īģ顣ЩǳīԼ³ġΪڸ֪īεʱдźǿҵĻ⡣ͬʱҲڽī濼һ顣
ʵϣǱߣԳīҲ൱ź
ǴʳīһīǺôڽ½һ֮󣬽͸īһߵϯλҳīꡣҲ˵ԺҶˣ໥֦ͬ
⣬ī繹֮ܺ󣬴飬ֱӽ磬Լһ
ʱ飬ܵͲ࣡
˵ˣǸ˳īڳ
飬˵Щƣô׾ܵô
ʵϣ򵥣
˸߳īĹܣڱС䣬ûκܹ赲
ֻصĿؼĴƣܹ赲ôĹܣǿĴƣǿͬûܹ赲
ǻ߳ī˵ԭߵİ˸ϯλУڷ塣ʣĸ壬壬ռĸϯλԳפһϯλ֮⣬ʣǸϯλÿٸԪһֻׯһϯλ
֮Ըұ֤͸īһߵϯλҲΪ
֮ǰǶռĸϯλһΣ¹磬ôһΣøϯλ߸ϯλҲδؾͲܣ
ΪĹУ嶼ʧأ˵ʧСġ
ǱߣǴǿҵĳ⣬ҪīʶǿīҲûɾܾǡ
˵ʲôΪۣҪػϵ飬ֻЩ߲߿ֱ̫ˡͲʵ
ϵʲôϵ𣿲Ȼʲô
Ϊ飬ԿвܹΪۣǲųīһ˺Ҫ̫ӡ
ųīһǻ۵ˣôʶʱɳ£ͬʱҲԼһЩЩľ
Ͼһһ̫˫۾ǡ
ۺϿ֮£
ȴû뵽׸ˣ
⵱һޱȾɥĽ
Գī˵ȴò٣ѾṹҲе̬ȡ
Σ硭ǶҪġ
һ㣬Ĺʶ
ȻϣߵСҲΪıԼ档˵ǱߣǱߣͬҲڴŸָء
īţȻӦңԶһߣߵأҡٻ
ٻһֶڲܸӦõٻ
ԣžǡ𾴵ߣ磬̵˼
ī΢΢һ뵽ԼոյĲ²⣬¶һ˿Цݣ뵽ʲôȻһǸֱӷ˹ȥ

Ľ֮⡣
һƬ翵統С
ǲƵ磡
ɾ磬ȻǲƲȻиֲֿ򣬲ϵŰһƬϵĹƻֺ굽£
ĩһ統Уһ൱ΰĸо
Ƭʵһķ
񹬣
ͬС
Ҳ㾡ԴͬƳġ
Ѿ٣ĿģΪ˷ֹгһգ⡣Եִֵ١еĵճһء
ⷨѾƳ̫ˣûгһĻó
˿̡
ƬֺĹ򡣶άһίվһȺɫȻĴǰС͵û뵽ͻȻ־ٶҵʱˣЩ֪롣Ҳ֪Ӧôźá
ʱһޱϵˣŶά˵˼ǣͳ·ӣΪ̫嶯һȥֱӰǸ۸ﵽ
άε̾Ϣһ˵ǵģҵʱҪֹѾˡ
ӣƽ￴Ҳͦɵģôһ˽磬ˣʧ󡭡ʧ󰡣
̫ܰɣҿҲ˰ǵ˽ڳһ߸ϵ̬Ҳڱ˻֮󣬾Ͷɣ
άصֱ˵ͳ·ǰƺ󹧣ŭ۳īȻսֱ֮ӹģֱͶ˳īΪ˼ҵūˡ
£ڳĳϺˣȫ޷ܡ
ɶά˵ĺϣҲΪʲôԼûԭ
۳īʵǵս̫ˣҶܵشͻزά˵ʱ򣬻һµı顣


1927 Ȼ
ڳЩȫǶĴڣһΪ֪жǵȻܿάû˵ѣܸоάϴˡ
һһ㣬άͳ·ĺѣ˵֮ҲΪֽ飬ôƽ޹ʵԼѣ
ԣڳЩϺϵˣȻû취ʵȴҲ˶ά˵
ȫЩ£ֱ̫ˡ
ǿʮþȵһ飬ȻֱӸˡ
նά˵·̫嶯ˣҲǲҪһάڻУԼλѱ˼䡣˵ǸīۣҲޱȵǿƣǳǿӲ̸ʲô
Ȼһսīչֳ˿ֲ˫սֱӽȫܡ
룬·ҲΪ˹͵Ҫڳīߣɡδˣάֶһ£֮ԻΪӰ쵽֣λǰ֪ʲô
ĺܺãء£ίˡܵˣõģǻкܶԴھȥⷿǱߣֱȡһ龧ʯɡһϵĴϣŶά̾Ϣһֱ˵
һ龧ʯ
־ʯ൱̹һĲһ顭൱̹ǧĲάˣֱ̫ݳˣ
άҲû뵽ԼһʧˣȻҲôĺô¶м֮ɫȴڰգ֮ǰܸٿһĻ˵׮ܹɣĻԼܻøĺô
շ
Ҳֻ˽ǱߵһΣȥǳ̸Уǿ϶Ҫȥ
ʱ棬ɾһ˵ˡ
άһȭȻȥⷿǱȡʯȥˡ
ʣһȺĴȥȫЩơ
δˣϼȿڣ˵ЩĹǱߵķӦΪһۣͳһ˵ᣬ϶ǳ֮ߡһΣʵӦɼϳɳصϱȥ̸
ʱһ˵ϣ˵ԷͲ̸أ
̸ϵĴ΢΢üϣûô޴Ĵɣ̸ʲôѵ飬ƴһЦˣôܣ
һأЩ棬ݵλҲͣǳϵһϡ
ϵĴü˵Ҳûʲô˵ˣֱӺƹȥѹ˱ǡʱһЩҪѹ磬ӦûѶȵġ
ԣҲ˼һǸ壬ĲʶʱĻǾͲøǷϻˡֱӺƹȥˡֻ˵ҲֽϴͬϵĽ飬׼ͷǱҪǲʶʱ񣬾ֱ塣
һǱߣ϶ûʨӴ󿪿ڡ˵
ʨӴ󿪿ڣѵĽûйϵôЦ
ҲˣԼǣʱ䣬壬ǷǱߣƺƽЩӦáȣǺпܻΣһֿܣͬпܻ뵽ȥǸ۽к
ͷֿûеġ֮䡭УûֵĿܡϵĴ˵
˫ȫ뵽ȥǸۺֿԣǴڵġϴüͷ£ҲҪץڸϽѡʵѡȥߵءȻһΣһҪҪ˵סеĻһˡ
УλȨأҪִ飬ôȥ˵ˣһ϶˫۾ں涢ţ˵ǵļƻֱӱ¶ˡһ˵ҿάǺӣ㹻ȣǸۣվǴˣһΣͻȥɡ˳㣬ӣҲӻ˵¶Ҳ񻰰
ϵĴҲ̾ϢһҲû뵽Ūز
ʱԶȻ䴫ȻѾȺ߲㱨
˵ͳ·˻ˣ
ǾȻˣ
ô£
˵
ȫסˣ˭û뵽ͳ·ʱ򣬾Ȼܹ
ѵάո˵ѣ
ϵĴϣɫȻڸոգԶά˼νһ龧ʯʵѾһ˲õĽˡ˿棬رĲһֱˣ˵ĸоңǱһˣˡ
ȥѶάǸСӣҽйʲô飬˵
ǱϵĴϻûȿڣһϵĳϾֱӷԸȥˡϣҲǿҵ֮ɫ
ڳЩʲôˣΪһȺڣλȨأͬʱҲӵųǻۡ
˵·֮˲жϳάûгѣĻҲ϶ȫţ
һȺһСˣˡַŭȻǿ֪ġ
ԣߣֱά
Խʱ߾ͱҪŽᡣΪڲĻô̫ˡʱ򣬽µ磬ǽʧ֣пܻᱻݺݵĸȥ
⣬ߣκ˶޷ܵ顣
ԣΣǶҪһ¡
˭ΣֻҪ˴Լ˱Ҫȥ
Ǳͳ·ˣѾǵӰϵϢҲȫ˵ġ㣬Ǹά˵ܶϺš
ôͻˣȻά˵Щгġ
˹֮󣬶ڵһʱѰҶάӰǺʣάΪʲôҪǣԼˡ
·ϣͳ·ѾҪʵʵ˵Ϊ飬ˣ
ЩﶼһȺʲôĴڣһȺĴǻߡҪǰ˵ѣҪͬҪޱȸݼѡīū£ά֪ġںܿѾǸˡԣɾ̹Ȼһ㣬ʵʵ˵ˡ
»˶ܴ֣Ҳˡ
ǣ˻֮󣬸˷ʡֱͲһȫԭίֱϸ˵һ顣һ㶼û
Ͷάֱӽ仭˹ۿ
̹ԼĴ󣬵ʧܡ
ͷβ˶ûάһ䲻ǡԽԽԵöάǸСˡ
ڳЩʲôˣȻܸоˣжԶάͷԹġֳֺҲͬ١
ǣǶԳīжϣӦǺ𣿡ϵĴϿԼҵʵ
Ⱥˣѹûͳ·ī飡ΪǿֻҪе̸ôЧһδߣҲ޷û̸һ·ѹȥ׵ˣǳۡһԼȻԣ鲢Ҫ
˵ڡʲôģЩĶ飬û̫¡
ܸһôЩͲ⡣
˴ʱȫͳ·ˡǶ֪Ǹۣ飬һ̬ȡ
ʱάһɵģڸ忴زֿгš


1928 
άϴɵı飬˵ʱģʵҲģģûʲôվǵĽǶȣѡΪõѣĿ⣬ҲùȽǵѡҿǻҪһַʽǵǱϾʧȥ磬ڶܽƣǿ⡭
άĻδ䣬ǱԶһȣСҹ
άһ㶣ЩȵĿǱߡΪȻ壡
壡
ҲһʵǿλȨصĴ
ߣлȨ
άֱסˣ֪ʲôЩãȻĿų塣
塭
Ǳ߹һ꣬˵ҪάȴԼֱӳȻ̧֣͸˶άһơ
ž
һƷǳ࣬˺ܴ
άȻ缫ߣͻһƣȫûлع˶סˡ૵㣬ôң
쵰άͬޱӢһ˫۾˿ŨŨŭ𣬿Ŷάɵĺ£ͳ·ˣ
ά˶סˣ־磬ȻоԼЩ
Ⱥѵĺأۡ϶ҲܲҡǣʱԼͬ飬ӵ˵ȥ˼Ȼ˳īūͣͲٻˣ
Ļôȥ˵ʱгһռ棬һūĸڳīߣκνͣ߶ǡ
άζû뵽Ȼܻҡôͻˡ
ֱǰţ
īۡңҺˣάڿȴһ֣̿Լ壬˵Щͣ⣬ôأŶǻˣǸīûΪǻǺ°
ϻģۣʱѾЩ˲ˣΪУѾҳһ顣
Ǳ߿ؿⷿһãȻĿһĻͳ·֮еãȻʧά񣬶˼ζ
ǳǱߵˡ
Ȼһ𣬿˵ǲֱ˴˵֣棬վиġ
˵Լҵ飬վ޹⡣ȴ֣࣬ƺǶά˵ֱӾϵЦݣȻŶά˵⡭ʯ
ά̾˿ǸЦˣŲңͷһһ˵ţֱά˵ʲôֱӳķߡ
߿ؿⷿϼˣ¶һĨЦݡȻһתȥˡ

ߣе˶ڿͳ·ˡ
·һ£һ
ͷ
·˵¡ֹ̫ۡ
ȺУʱһ̾ϢԸĽ
˵粻ܴ򣬻ǲҴʵϣѾƲۿžҪ׻ٵˡʵϣʣµȻǸĴֿܹġ
磬Ȼѹ
սǽΨһʽʵҲԸʹõһַʽ
½ֶΣȫ൱صġȻĻҲ·磬ȥ˰棬Ȼ޲˵ٲǿ߲ЩԾȴҲԭ
򲻵ѣȺǣԸֱӸ·Щϡ
ǵ̫߹ˣʧ
·磬黻ȡһǶǲԸġ
㲻ΪʲôҪ˷½Щͼأ
ԣӸ˵磬ҲãǷҲãǲԸֱӸ½翪սġ
ܹķʽ⣬ǿ϶ѡս
ԣ·Ļش𣬶˵ֱһ޴Ĵ
ϵĴʵǽӴô̵ʱ䣬ȷǸۡĲǺⲻʵѵûи֪ʵжǿ𣿡
ûü˵ͱϻˡЦ˵֮ǰεͳ˵ġͬʱҲȰ濼ǣܸоûȤ̸Ȼ룬Ӧû£١ҲҪһЩĽ顣
ʲôû˵𣿡ϴϲĵʵ
˵˵ˡ
⺢ӣ˵ʲô㵹ǿ˵ϴЩ𱸵ĿԼҵ
Щ˼˵ȥû飬Щûعλǰ֡
һɰŮӣĵǸȻ滹вҲ˼ˡң֮ǰѵĶάͳ·̹ȻҲڳЩǺο
ʵǵУǺ飬ҪǲǲŽء˴ֻҪܹ̹ȻϣԣȻŬȥôǿԱԭµġ
Ƿ˴ȴϣһԣŪһЩٵĻŪˣǾ̫ˣ
ֲɺ޵ΪΪӰ쵽ϵжϣ
ʱ˵۷뿪ʱ˵˵Ҫôͺƽദ飬ԸܺƽĽġ飬һ𡭡
û˵꣬Ǳ߾ŭˡ
ʲôЦЩۻһšĻһֱӱģ
ȷ̫ˣʲô˼ҪʩһЩƽ𣿡
ǺǣˣǿˣءСսͦǿ󡣵Ҳе̫Ըˡ̫Լ¡
磬ɽӣԭɵġ֪ж޲ֱӽ˺顣ȻԸ
ϴϲû¶̫ɫʾԼ˵ȥ
Դе㲻̫˵ˡΪոתī仰ʵ֣Щ˶ķӦһ䣬ըѽ
ӣ˵ɣûϵġǵҲǵϴ˵ʲô飬Ҫ̯˵Ȼ취
šԼλгڹ˵˵Ҫôս飬ʲôʱ򣬶κδڣٵǵ硣
˻
ڳˣ̲סһ
ȻҲ뵽ֿԣǾò˼顣
ҪΪİԼһˣҡҺȻãˣɵĿɰô˵أ񡭡˵ӦǺΰ˰ɣ
ǺǣȷɵĿɰΪսʤ𣿡ֱӳ󣬲ԸȺͼϡ
ȻĻ뷨ֱˡһ٣ǳʶˡ
Щ˵ĻԺвԾ뵽˳ī˵ⷬʱ顣һЩˣǣӦСһ㣬īۣģ


1929 Ϸ
ɿȺ鼤ܵȺ飬еǾ仰ʵ˵ˡΪ֪ô˵ǾͲ̹ϣɵˣûǱƢԸ嶯ĳ·ĬҲϵĳɫ
Цһ£ף·Ҳס·Ǹ磬Ȼʵ磬Ҳһܹѹĵط
ǳīۣǵһˣҲһˡ
ò磬һġƽμЩᣬѵ˲֪ж١ЩһǰǱ񣬷ģ
ֻгīһ
Ǹ½ۣԭȫûзеĵͼ飬ݺһȭϵһ˲䣬ʵ൱ӵġһ棬ʹ޳īȻ˲֪ϧ񣬶һŮӶµȥ֡
һ棬֪Ϊʲô桭Ȼһصļϲ
·𡭡·𿴼ˣ
ǵģڴ֮ǰеЩȫˣǶ񡭡ϣֻԣȴûʲôζû֮
ȻһЩԣҲֵ൱šǿӢˣţУȴһŪһֲҪԵʱõһֶΡ
ȸЩȸǣΪԣֱӽԼëȫһ
ݣɡ
Щ곤ߣ붼ޱȳȣȻ棬Ҳ㹻šУȱһʲô
ֱ˳ī
ֱīһȭϣȭԴ״õһ̡
ȻԸϣȴһӶˣ
ײСԵǿƵϢֱִδĿС
һ̣һŮŮˡ
ԣЩ˵ųīһǷˣһ½ۣҲŸԿʱУȴ֮෴ͷãǸۣ˵пܻɹ
棬еҪٴλصǸǸ磬ȥδȥǸ磬ϲǸеһС
Ǹ̫࣬Ҳֲ̫ˣ
ָо·һ͢еĹһ߳Ļʹһо֮أһȺ·ߴԴһȻǼȷеģɹȴͬһǿҵĿ
ʱϴϿ˵£е̸һξܾδؾҪܾ˵Ǿǵĳⲻǿտڰƭ
˵⣬ϴϿˣҽ飬һΣó·ӣһˡһΡ
û˵꣬Ǳ߶ά壬ŶάѾֱӷ˹ȻݺݵĽάǰֱ˵ѽӴĶұԣߣɴλ⴦Сӣ
άⷬ˵ȻݣʵϣڳЩˣĸϼ޻̫֮ʵ뷨ˡȻ˵ĺݣʵϣϣЩܸάһġ
ɴ
仰ǹؼ
㣬ǻûСȻûɴôһСѣɱҲûʲô塣
άһӡݺˤڵϣʮǱɫ࣬˫۽ա֪ͳ·һȴûȥ
ֱʱвͻȻЩڣԼʱûתܡ¸һ𡭡ڵԼ϶ҲǰȻɣ벻ЩǸͲǷһ½ЧңΪ˼ū͵顣֪Ļʲô
һЧǸ࣬˼ҵūͣ½Ϊ۵㣬Ժ󲻵޷ϴѣʧȥ˻عʸ
ڿȴȵɣֱɵˣ
ԼһֱΪԼأԶ˵Ĵǻۡ
ƨĴǻۣһٴİ׳գ
άУ˿̱Ļںռţ˵ķܡε֮·ˣ֮䣬Ӧþͳ׵ˡ
ôݵˣҲܻͷԼ˳Ϊ֮
ţάǽյ˫УȻᡣ
ʱϴϿһ۶ά̾˿ˣؼҰɡԺ󡭡κ飬ź޹ˡ
ۣ
ڵޱǱĶά̲ס۵һ
һ̣֪ˣ
ӴԺȻϵĵӣһУûйϵˡᱻȦҲܵκδӽԺǳ׵ķϵˡ
ֶԴҲκεȨݺ͵λһˣʲôȨ͵λ
Ǳߵͳ·ڿά޵ʱȫ¶һ˿Ĳ̣ô˵ϾǶĺѡȻЩ̣ȴסˣûпά顣
һ棬ڳЩ̫ܻӡȻⲢҪģҪǣǲġ
ԣάձȥ
ܶʱ¶ˣһ֮䣬ɾûǵ
ϴûܵӰ죬Ÿ˵ҵ˼ǣӹȥǲۣ̫ľ衣ȻǸ֮䣬ϵһΣҵ˼ǣǴŰʯֱӹȥ
ʯ
ڳˣȫ̲ס¶֮ɫ
⵱һʾ޿ˡ
壬óһʾʣͬҲЩ۵ġ
˶û˵ʲôǾĿϡ
֮ϣҲԭģһ֮ǰϣǴ壬ִϯߣ
ϯλֱļΡǱߣȫбҪȥˣߣͽϴ֡
ʯһʾʡλҿ⻹ϴ˵ĵҵ˼ЩֻһԤ
⻹Ԥ
£ڳЩЩסˡǿϴϣ϶¶Ц
ϣ᲻ᡭе̫ڸ߿Ǹˣ
ǰе̫˰ɣõǸ𣿡
᲻öԷá
öԷɣ
һ½顭Ҫ𣿡
ֱܶɣȻûйָϴϣеĲȴʮԡ
ԭܼ򵥣ʲ干ͬʲʲԽ࣬ЩֵܷľԽࡣʲԽ٣ġҲˮ
ûԸԼĿڴ棬ȻԸ⡣˵ЩʯʲôͨĲƸǰ֮
ϴϽ˵ķӦ۵ףȻ˵ҵĽǣʯһߵϯλȻǧĳʸ⣬񹬡³֮
ϴֱⷬʯ쾪ֱӽڳЩˣȫˡ
ɵɵĿϴϣ֪ǰλǲǱ΢ͼٰģѵôֽ
棬Ψһܽܵģֻһ
Ǿǣ³֮󣬸һߵϯλ˵Ѿòˣ
ңǸϯλ³ɶ֮󣬻ҪûģҪôǸʱ򣬳īҲһĿܡ
ȻôҪλãôԳڱ
ԣϴϵ飬˿һЦˡ


1930 ǻܾ
ʯѾ۲۵ˣֱҪȺ˵һľʯǶ޷ܵġȻٸ򡭡ǲ˵Ľ࣡
Ȼǧĳʸǧڡӵȫ֣
ǹܳһ磬γɵһ硣ȻޱӴ󣬵ʵϣȴ޵ġȻĻЩϵ飬ܺٶȣҲͲôˡ
ΪҪ
ϴƮƮһ仰ͳȥδ˿
ֱʯҪǾñ
ǧÿģһޱȾ˵֡ԣʯĲʲôˡ
ⲻǴֱʣǴӣ
Ȼ񹬡ţҲҪˣĳ׵ȫȫķˣ
ʲô壬һΪ
Ϊʲôһȴû̫صʧԷ˵ǵʧֱԺԲˡΪڣ
Ҳ
ֵ޷壬ͬҲ޷ģ
ԣϴĽ֮󣬼ˣȫҪˡ
ֳֳһֹ䳡
ͳ·ѾϹ˳īˣôϵ飬ֱ̫ˡҪ幰õĽడ
ȫĬţһ仰˵
ʱϴϿˣУ˸ǵĹâ˵ǲǶҷˣΪֻзӣŻôˣ飬Ҳˡǵɡ
ϣ£ҿˡϵĴϣ̲סˣϣ˵飬Ͳܱ̫ͨˡ壬ûĵɽˮĵزûбҪ
ϵĴϣʱҲˣ˵ڽ棬ãδƿ磬ôǵĴ󲿷棬ҲǸ˲𡣵ʱ򣬽Ϊһβ󲻵ʱ򣬻˭ס
ЩϣڲЩϣҲȫͷ
Ǹ޷ϵ飬̫񣬼ֱɥĲ
ԣЩȻûзʲôǵ̬ȶѾǺԡ֧ϴϡ
һ̾Щˣ΢΢ҡҡͷԭЩ˵ģڣҲ˵ˡΪ˵ҲᶮҲ⡣ǵ֪Уʵ͸·ǶάЩ˲ࡣ
½硭
ǵģǶǸĹ֪ͬ
ʱƺƲƲ죬޷ı֮顣
ʵڹȥԼҲ̬
ֻҪἰ½磬ȾһҪƲƲʾԼܲмֻҪἰ壬һҪƲϵΪ飿
һıľѹ
忴Ǻܴһĵزȥûʲô̫ǿЩǾһȺһ
һŻǧｭѨ
ϴǰ仰Ǻ⣬Ϊ֡ŻЩɡмǿƿôǧｭ֮ϣһѨһˡ
ڣˣĿԺǿ
ңҲǺǿ
ǲûôңӸ˵һȺûӻûͲ飬δȺĶ֣
ֻôģȺƶģ
ǵģҲǿа£ڳīһ˵ϡҳīǺ쳾е񣬲ˡ
ûƵ壬ںϵĽ뵽ЩȥĲƴниػĺͽ衣Щ磬ô㳹׻ָȻǲģ
ңڳīԼһԼһص壬ΪԼеһԱ
㣬ͳ·ĻУжϳ
ѾˣȺʵΣǵĴûеôֹۡ
ܱӻǣѵܹԶвȥ
˵̮ͱһʼޱѸͣĽƺҪֹͣˣʵϣճױĴƣѾܹ赲ˡ
һ絽˳ױһ죬ôͱҪ뵽ȥ
ǸʱǸĳͻҲü
˵飬磬ɨһ顣
ֿƺܼ򵥵飬ϿҲǸͲʵġ
Ҳ˵Щ飬޷Ŀ鶼һЩЭһЩˡľôױ
δأǾܣ
޾£ߵϯλ֮ϣǸλɲǰġ֪ܶȫ֪顣Ҳ֪ܶ
ԣҪīк
˫ҪҪɹʶôߣͱ¹еĳɼǸ߸ļӣȻ󣬻ø˼Ҵĺô
ôġʵʵڵĺôȻĻ˼ҿԸԸߡɴ˭
ΪʲôƫҪأҸоܲܲҪôã
ϵзţȺ˼ֱ֪˼¡ʲô˵ˡֻļʱ򣬿ɡ˵ļͬͬ⡣
Ǿ˰ɡ١ѾŬˡ
ϴ̾һȻЦҡҡͷ
Ǳߵͳ·˵Ҳûǲء
ʵǣЩȫ˳īīǷĻǺʵҲһδ֪
ֻɲҽ˵ڵ÷ˣЩ൱Ĵǣ÷衣ΪīֱǸҪǶͬﻹܾ
ôģһֱֽĶʵ鲻ֱģšȻīӴʱǳ̡һֱֽͨΪΣīǲЩġ
ܴ춼ʣ°顣īҲȻЭͶ磡
һ˽ܣ
˽ܡͶͱѵģ
ܹͶͱѵģǿܡţʶʱΪ
ʵ·棬ҲŲ뷨īǸˣϵʵ̫ǿ󣬸ȾҲһ͸ȾֱǵԸӵĵز
ԣܸӴʱǳ̣ȴܹ뷨Ⱦͬ
ȥʲôߵȼ飬ƫĽӴīе˽֮󣬳·֪Ѿˡ
ԣ·ҲΪǻܾ


1931 ʹ
īУǸٻķɹȥܿ죬һˣ׼ȷ˵һε顣ϣɢŲεĿҰϢ
һ壡
ĳīһ۾ϳ˶ԷݡԷҲȫûεͼ
һ״󺺣Ũüۣĸߴ󣬿ȥʮְ
ųīǴ˼ۡȻ󿪿ڣõԣۣ
ī״󺺵ͷҡ
ۡ״ȻһҰԵϢȴܿȷǳīֱ֮ӳųīȭʩȻ壬ȴĺȫ档
īȭ񡣲ǵѣ˼㱣ֿҪ
״󺺵ϣŷ硣
ԴзǳҲرûἰ̫Ķû־Ӹµĸ
ī˼ֻһ
ߣ½ΪУҲֱԻٵ޾Ϊۣµ硣
Ȼ壬ͷһϯ壬Ϊһ˺ܶĸдͬʱҲڷ˼̬ǺܶˣһЩǲԵġ
״󺺲û˵ԼֱӵĻóīҲЩ⡣ЩɣǡĻᷴ˼
軳ǵ飬ûзⳡǨ˵Ļᷴ˼ʲôϾ顭ôĸд״󺺽͵һΣ˲ϢݣǸ磬̼ͱһƬ档Ҳܷϣ̫飬ԳǿԹΪǳۻ硣һʼҲô
īĬĿ״󺺣û˵
״󺺽˵֮һɷ˼˳Ϯǿʼ˼£Ǳ˵ԭ𣿻Ǳѹ̫õЩ飬̲סҪˣ½һƶ𣿺֣ġֻгһˣôΣ綼ǲܱġȻս˫ûֵط
īһЦ״˵Ƿﻰ仰ȴʵī˵ս˫ûֿһƷĵزҪҲȵ졣ʹȥˡ
Ϊԭ·ĳȡ۵һٽϡûгۣôδҲбˣ飬ٽ㡣ʱȻ˲ϢٵǶڷ˼飬û˺𣿵Ȼᡣ״һ̹ȻĿųī˵һΣҪ۽ˣıٴνһ硣ܣѾҴߵȺ嵱Сǵ£ȴٶȽһˡ
ʲôīʵ
̫ţ飬ĸԸĽ뵽½аࡢۻֵͼס˺լԺĹ壬ôĸԸסɽеéأ
Ҫ˵½֮ĹϵҪȺլԺé֮Ĳ࣬Ҫ󼸰ǧûκεĿɱԡ
£ī統Уֲͬ
˵˼ŵġϾǻ۵飬ҲдȱĵġдȱģδؾĻԼıȥ顣ϾǼȵ治
״һϿҵĿųīһϯλߣϣ̣֮ܲЩռУһƬռ䡣Ƭռ䣬ǿԼ衣ȻǿԸǩԼЩ飬Զַ硣
īЩ⡣
ǵģǾãҪѾЩˡ״һ̹ȻųīԣԸ⸶ӦĴۡҪĴۣ⻹Ҫ֡ͬʱҲҪ۵̬ȡ
ʵ֮⣬绹кܴܶĿռ䣬Խǡī״󺺣˵ǿȫңֱƿκ顣ȥ衣踶κδۡңе˵ҲǷ𹥻
˵֣״󺺺̹Ȼųī˵֣Ӧееһ仰СӵءǸҶĻûô֪˵ĶԲԡ
īͷеģӵأţеһϯλ£϶൱ǿսҲ޾顣ǿռһƬţûֹܹġ
мԭǲ״󺺿ųī˵һӵϲΪѾʶ磬½飬̫˺˺ȫʱ޷ֲһ顣ԣȻǷ˽ͷͲӦٸ½Ϊ͵ڰԼ׵Ĺȥˡ
īͷ״仰˼һ֧ķ˽磬͵վĶϡȻʱٸ½ϡ˵ǿռһƬռ䣬ǾĵǰԼ׸ˡ
Ҫһԭ򡣡״һϵĿųīڶǴδԶĹϵϿǵġΪδп磬ΪǵĴڣ죬ʱ໥֮䣬һǴһЩġǲһʼʱ򣬾ֱǿĵˡ
״˵⣬΢΢ͣһ£ųīںܶУ½鶼ߡʵҲô½鵱У壬ǿһ壬óѧϰ죬Ҫ̫꣬ĳǿʱ飬ͻԵЩˡ
īˣ̲סЦи̾Է˵Ķﻰֻ˵һ֧ߣһǻޱȸĴڡΪ˵ֵزԭɣīѾҪˡΪѾȫ˽Щ̬
һ򵥵ԭʵǲ뽨磬Ҫ뵽ȻϣͨƽķʽദǲԸⷢսֻһ֮ȥ
ī״󺺣ʵȻǲģҲǺ̵ܲġȴһͲ֮أͲ࣬Ļ𣿡
˵ʵҲе㲻ĵġ״¶һ˿ЦݣǴС磬磬硣Ƕĸ飬ĸһǶǶԼСͲ࣬⼸鹲ͬ׷ˡϾǻ۾ͻ˼˼־壬ʧȥ䣬ʧȥһ֪Ŀ־֮ԴԣʧȥͲ࣬ǲ̫ĵġ
īû˵
״Լ̾Ϣһ磬ͲһôΪġԶᷢ仯һ磬κεıʷκα硭ܳ
̧ͷųīǣһٵʱҾˡϣʵǲͲġ


1932 
ϣǲͲģ
״󺺵ĻҲһ磬ī档ǸһּľѡԳī˵ĸ׵ľͿԽֹ۵㡣
ôǿᣬô̡״˵ܣһֱ˵˵粢ȶҪȡ֧šʵϣֻҪͲᷢ仯ȫҪǵʲôҸұ֤е飬һǲ֪羿γȡģҲֳ֪ȡ·˺˺ңͲ֪
īͷʵϣȡ·ȻѾȷʵҲǲ̫ķʽġֻ˵ЩڣبΪž޵һȺǿߡ
״ʼ磺Ȼˡỵֻ̈Ѿ㹻ˡ
īͷ˵ǰֻĻʧȥͲࡣ
״˵ʧȥͲࡣûͲһ磬ʲôأٶȹһų磬ľһܹ𣿡
ī̧ͷ״󺺣еˡֱ۵пƶ֧ĸԭɣ
״󺺵ȷ̹ϣҲǳֱųīǶΪٶȴһ磬ȻǽӶĻϵġֻҪӶᣬһһѹѹͻһзôһ죬ν磬Ҳûôһ̼䡣ʱеһУͻһֻһΡǸʱô죿ٶһҾãҲԼˡ
īͷ˵ʱѾû˸ֻʣΪĿʱʧȥͲֻ࣬顣
״󺺺ͬīĻ˵ǵߣʵѾʶ⡣ڣҲѾʶˡôǾ롣ΪʲôѭĲ뵽ֻصأֿȥǽ˽죬ԼƿأǺܱһ¡ʵϣȻе޾飬ǵˣƿԼǵĻΪʲôΪʲôô飬һ˲䣬ֱӻҷˣǵ˵ֻصʸûУ
ī̧ͷ״󺺣𣿡
硭ʵѽ״󺺿ųīЦֻأֻ޾Ĵ磡
īͷҲӦˡƵĻ֮ǰԺЩҪֱֻ֮ӱֻظϡصȥôΪǶеһԱһֻؿһˣô϶⵽ġ
֮ȻЩеǣ֮󡭡ܾĳʧˡ
֮£Խֻأ»ԶʧȥļһУվԶʧǿ
īˣѾ״һ֧˼ʵͬҲڿ־壬ֿ־壬ѡ
ԴˣīʾȻܡ״󺺣һһ⡣
˵״󺺴ʱҲܸоӳīɢ⡣ǳ泩
ī˵һ֧뵽磬ôӦò벻Щɲô롣ԣʱսȻ졣ǿ϶ҪȡЩȻ󹹼ν硣ìܣȫɵ͵ġôʱ֧飬ȥδӣ
һܼҲʵˡ
û⣡սʼһ죬Ⱥޱǿ飬ѡϹأǻѡһ𣬹ͬЩͬ塪أ
ī⣬һڱĺ塣ǾǣҪβǣǱɹԵף
˵˫֮佻̶ֳȣĿѾ΢΢ͬһ֣˭ұ֤Լӣ
ȻΪӣôҪһӵľ
򣬳īеģ
¯ӡ
ǰ״󺺵⣬ȴû˹涨ͲƱˣ˵һȺ˼԰гŭ飡
״ȻҲ׳ī˼֮ǰʵѾ˹µд𸴡ʵͬҲһ֧ԼҪĵ⡣
ۣ飬ʵһֻ̣ʣһˡ״󺺿ųī˵粻ǵļ԰ʱǶ౨ͬ飻ı౨ꡣ磬ǵļ԰һ̡ǵˣϢϢˣôһսһЩֵ硣ǡͬǣӭͷʹϾʵǿ
īͷ
״󺺽˵Уǵĳ飬һǻóԴ飬ȡһ֮ءǵĳ֮һڶ۴ʣôڲ֮ǵߣҲİ˴֮һҲήٵʱԭʼҲϵķʽԡ۵޽Լ
ˣһ֧ѽǵĳ⣬ı
īҲѾ׵׵ǵ⣬Ҳ֪Ϊ£һ֧ĳ⡣
󣬳īͷãԭҴӦ顣ţ飬Ҳһܺͻӭǵĵǿܶ࣬ͬʱҲٶȱøá
״󺺿ųī¶֮ɫۣеҵԤ֮⣬Ը⽻ѣ
īͷ¶Цݣ˵ҲԸ⽻ѣѣͬǷǳϧģ
ͷ֮ǰʵǾѾԳһ˽⡣֪۶ߵѺ˵̬ȡۿδϰߡ
Ŷī
һ˵κһеԱϿ˶ԷȻĻ϶ὫԼ֪֪Է˵Լ֣ĴϽܺϿˡǣһϿһѣǾ㲻ģ壬ҲԼϿɵ֡
ⷬ˵ĺ棬ͬһׯء
īȻ֮ǰ֪أȴѡĻΪһ˵ʱϵʵġ
ųīδѾǳʵˣ
ͬϧꡣīͷ
ѳī˵˵Ļþͷ˵ʵһ֧ǱߣȻͬеҪ磬ȴ̫ıڳ۵ϣǱߣĲ˵ˡ
īͷллѣİɣһᾯǵġ
īȥ


1933 ͽ
ʱ䣬νĽ㱨Ǳߣǳңû֪һȵЩ飬Ե÷ǳķ
ߵأҲǾһ֧֮Ľ
ңһ֧Ҫ뵽Ϣһ߶Ȼܣûж֪
뱣֤鴫֮ǰ鳾䶨
һʱ䣬ϵֲʣʵ磬ҲǺõġʵ޵Ҫʵܶ౶
ָоԼĽ֮󣬻Ǻܲġ
ûô⡣
ţʼ˳ͨҪȥ
֮һֱڣû̫뵽磬Ҫһԭڷǳ̣
˭׽ġ
ûбʱǽ뵽磬ԼһЩҲͬŵĳһ߾ߡ
ʧȥּӳ֮ЩҪ磬øѡÿһߵأҪĴԴһüصĵ·ȴԼ򵥺ܶࡣ
һΣģһͨ
뵽֮ͨ˾Ϳʼ˸߶ȵľ衣
ǸƵ磬ʵ̫ˣ
ԣ뿪ڣҪصһ˲䣬ѾһΣֱӻһͷɳĽɫӣ
ı壡
ֳ֮ķֱǿͬʱݻǹεʱǿܶࡣ
ϾҪ뿪ˣ
飬Щġ
ȻΪ壬ϲսϲ޾ڵ
һΣ۵Ľ˳൱졣
ã
ðͷһ˲䣬ֱӾ͸Ӧһǿɱ֡
Ѿ׼һɫķ籩˲䣬ͳԶȥ
һڷ궯ţͬʱһŭ
ֵǸطֱӱһſֲƥĲ߰˵ͬʱǸط
ʮӰǸط
תߣûκս˼ȴͽӦͬ壬϶ѾˣЩȻܻɱӦЩͬ壬ôһǵĶ֣
ԣٶȳ죡
ԭٶȼ飬һƴߣܣ鶼䱳
ߵ·ϣ˷
Ǽޱǿ飬ǵϣȫɢ޾ɱ
дȺĶǽһƬյ˷ȫˡΪķ򣬸Ͳһ֧פķ򡣶֮ǰߺһЩ߲Լõķ
ֿԣһֿܣȺ쵰˷ȫˣһֿܡԸԵˡڲ˼ϸͽ
ڲͽܣ
ǵԼǵߺЩ߲㡣ΪһڲͽôΣյˣ;ԼˣЩˣ϶ĴΣգ
ΪôܣȺһ֪ˣȴһ֪Ѿˡ
ԡͽ
һпţһ߸ߴսֱߵݣɶԷһϢȫ¶ģֻ޾ɱ⣡
ģ
ˣԷʵֲ̫ˣȻûеѹ̶ֳȣ˶ƣҲѹˡ
ҲͬÿöԷܣĻͬƥ
ΪһͷͬҲ͵֮һٶ죬ĹҲǳǿģ
໣
ϼѪ֮Ա׵ļˣ
һҧԷһֻ첲ѪģһҽС
ȴ޵һֻ첲µ˵ԭǷЩûѪ
ҧȻܹӦѪҺûѪҺ֮ġ
ʱҲٷһ㣬Ϊͷ֮䣬Уûйϵ͹ޱͣʵϣ֮Ĺϵһֱŵģ
Ҳ֪ΪʲôģѪҺԿֵ⡣˴˼ֻҪһ棬ȷԷݣǾͿ϶ǵӵ״̬һСľͻᷢս
ԣȷ˶Է֮󣬼ͿԶ϶Լһ֧г˱ߡ
ϵƣʼұء֪ԼܼͣطˡȻĻĿܻġ
Դ̬ȣʲôԭûж֣˵еʱ
չȫԼޱ飬һ˲䣬ٶֱ״̬
ƬƵУ˴ѪǴˣӵ֮ǰߣ߲Լĵط
֮ҪһȴȻоЩԾ
ΪĿУһ˿ŵϢ
ϢĸӦһֱеģȻûκεѪζȴŵĿ
ʱѣֱȡҩ£Ȼһһ㳯Ų
һƬֺֹϵĽرռشԼҡ
ĽƵ統Уʵ洦ɼЩסլ͵ķ
ֵطҲԵͻأֻУ˿ȴš
ʱ򣬴棬Ȼ߳һӰӰͬһĸߴ׳
ڿ׳ֱ֮һûмǰǳ׳˵ϣˡھͺãأ
׳ΪҲһ֧嵱һλȨصĴ
¶һĨ֮ɫȻһȻĵˣ
仰͵һУһĨ֮ɫʵʲôˣ
ͬʱʼתָڵơΪرԤС
˷ǵȺ嵱Уͽ˽ǵܣй¶˷Ǳߡһأ˵Ȼߺڰ·ϣ˷Ӧöӵȫˡҵ㣬㡣
һƶûеһ߻ָƣһʵǣ֪ͽ˭𣿱Ͼ飬֪˺٣಻ʮǳͽӦúܿͿȷɣ
ҡҡͷ˵Ҳ֪ʲô˳ǣǵгͽǵܱ֪̽ˡϾҲ֪ⷽ棬嶼󼰵ơ
ͷʱͨطѽеƻָĲˡһǿԼֶָΣ˵ĺˣĺҲЩأΪָ֮Ƶʱ䳤
ѾȥԺˣ٣ȶȹһ˵ɣ
ΪѾȷͽ


1934 
ֻĸϣЩû취¡
Ϊһֱһ֧еǺĵеĺġңԷ̬ȣһֱǷǳӵġ
˵֣Էǵӣôǳˣǳʹ޷֮һ㡣
ζԸȻԼͬ塣
ʵ⣬Ĳ
ΪһŶӵУ˭ҲӦ
ǵ֮ǰȥ½ʱеһϳ⣬ӥӦ
ӥıһͷӥеٶȣҪܶ౶
ǰˣȴȫûӥǡֻ˵ǱˣȻˡ
ɲ꣬зǳء
ʱڳ׻ָˡϣҲһԵ
Ӧˡ
һ˫УȻĹâǿѹƣ㡭ң
˵ţֱӳϻǿҷŭ֮ɫŭ˵ǲ㣿ǣ
һƣ԰ȫľ롣
ʵ벢ȫеȻѾ飬ӵķսУǼֱܡҪںʵľ뷢𹥻
˫һһˡͬʱϽ档
̾˿ʱˣϣ㻹Ҫ𣿶ʱ㷴ҧһڣʲô壿ϸһ𣿡
ϣ¶һĨ漴ôҵģ
˵һӦˣӦ㡣
ͺһҧҾ֪߿϶᳹ˡ
ⲻǲΣһıֶΡȥȻ˵ڶ˵֮ǰˣһ˶ûУ־޴֮ļ󶼿ԣӳģһֱҵģ
ܴ𣿡һ˵һ˸ĹâŻ
Ҳ̫ˣᡣ˫ͬ壬ľȻ߹һЩԷܵĻҲûޡԣУϣʱ䣬ЩֵȻͿԽɱˣ
ʵϣһ֧ߣЩ飬ûбҲ֪߷ʲô
ΪǶƭˣ
ƭһطȥ
鿴ȥЩ˼飬ʵϣЩİ£תһյĳĲѡ
ЩҲû뵽ͽֱӾͱƭˡ
ԣű
ˣͨһЩֶΣһЩӰ񣬼ȥԻǡȻͽñӿ۵ͷȥ
ͿƸ࣡
ңͬһ˿룬ϣͨߺЩǣı½⡣
ȻΣգˣţлɹġ
ûˣѾ㹻ˡں֪ôˣǷȫ
ʱǰȫġ˵ţʱΣѾʼûɱ壬һͷ޴İͻȻѾ׼𹥻ˣ
ȵȣϡͻȻֹסΣûмˡ˵ǺΣյһ־ٶˣȴҲվԭءĿɭȻĿ
¶˸֮ɫϣܸңΪʲ𣿡
Ϊʲô㻹ΪʲôУ¶һĨǿҵļ֮ɫҧгݵĿǱǸƵãһʹ޷ˣ̲סҪȥк㻹Ϊʲô
˵ֱ¶ޱȷŭɫҪǰЩһһŸ½ЩͼİۻĸȥҪǵ硣Ϊʲô²ߣ
ţϱޱȿֲϢŭƾʲôķĴڣΪʲôҪ½ЩͼȥΪʲôҪȥǵ磿ѵǾͲ¹һ𣿡
˵ţ鲻Խǰ˼
һΣûȴ˵ϣˣҸҿ϶һΣˣ
ΪʲôȻǰ˼ȴҲûж𹥻£Ҳ̫ˣͬҪ˵Ҳ֪ΪʲôΪʲôǣҪ¹ˣΪʲôҪȥ½ֵط档
һ˵㲻𣿡
ŭȻȻ㲻ģ
Ϊʲôӣһ侲ĿʵȫûбķŭŵĿ˵ϣúһ룬㲻ģΪʲô
Ϊ½
ðɣΪԭ򡣿㲻࣬ôͲӦܵκӰŶԡ˵Ķϣʵ
һʱȴǿӲı֮ǰ磬֪ǲȶģһΣ¹ܵ磬һһġ覵ģ磡
ϣ˵Ļ㲻ӦˣȵͬҲٵ飬ѵһ㶼ıѾһõľѣҪ齨ˡܵˣ
˵˵㶮ʲôųꣿŶȹٴν٣ǳ⡣
ֳ˶ꣿֶȹˣʣңȻѡ̫ʧˣ
ʧʧңû˷˼ѡһѡ𣿡
ǣѡҲӦѡһ֧塣̾ϢΪʲôƫƫǡ
Цһ֧壿㵱̫߿ˣѾˣ
ôܣУ¶֮ɫ
ʲôܣ٣廹ǷǱߣܵ˾޴ʧкܶǿ鶼ֱˡɢҷ𡭡һۼû¡ıûֻأ
У͸żֱȻŭĵǱߡȴıôڽ¹ĹУ϶ҪռλġŽĻô壬ǷǰδеѡĹˡʱжǵĿռأԣΣǶҪŽĶԹоǣ½ǸʲôۡҲҪ϶£ҪкΪǶͬ壬Ŷۻĵͼġ壡һǣҾͻ󣡡
˵ţȻǣȴʩҪ½ȥһҪûϢ뵽ǵȥҪͳԴȺвĶſɣ磬Իṹͷ֣϶ܻӦϯλǸĳۣһҪˣǱߣҲû취½СĴۻȡʤˡЩǶˡȺ׳գ
̾ϢϣҾ֮䣬Ѿûа취ͨˡ
ǵģˣͬҲĸо˵ţȻһֱӳ˹
ңԶУдķеĶڣڳ߷ɹ
ǱҪɱȻ취һ֧壬ȫɱ


1935 ôǵĶ
ͬʱҲһ˲䣬˹񣬷·Ҫƴˣ
ϣһĨЦЦСӣҴԵʱ㻹ûгء
˵ţϣǹɸɱȻ޴ƥǰצݺ˹ȥһУУ϶һõĹͷûˣ
һľɱ
ѾɱġЩֻϣЩܽ·Ϳˡ
Ҫȡߵġ
һԼϺͽ
ȻѾˣȻǶԷͷС֮ԺΪΡȰˡ
䣡
һ̫ˣ
ƬУɭƥɱ
ԶЩķܹԵĸоǹɱУǵᷳ͵⡣
Щһģȫͣԭء
һͬҲǰȥǸ֡ͽ˷в˵ԼУҲñŤ
ʵϣЩǣͬҲűڸк
ȡ϶ϴԸ⡣
Щʼɢȥ׼Ŀռ䳹׷ס飬൱óġʵڹȥ绹ûбʱַʽΧɱܶ顣
ڣҲһ֮ǰЩͰˡ͵˰ɡ
һΣǲôáǸһɱˣǾͿˡ
ϧܡ
֮䣬ֱӶԺһ˫Σȫ˶ȥ
ֱӴѪһӾˡսȻĶ֣ʱֱߣͬģ
һתͷߵģ϶Σյģ
˵ԶҪĺ󱳣Ķ֡
ԣҪߣҲֱӣҪѡһرʵĻС
ͬһ㣬ԣͲᡣ
˫ֱչɱʱЩǣҲѾ˷Ŀռ䳹׸סˡ
£УҲ˵֪Σˡ
죬Ȼ
ֱֵ֮ӷŻ˹Ľ࣬˵ڸһᣬǰɡԥˡҪһ·ߵˡյĽǱɣǾҪ½磬ҲӦѡʱɵʱȫеʱ½Ǳߣ˵ǣߣ϶ܣԼ˵ǲʱѡ½磬Ҫе壬Ǳ˵Ź𣿻𣿡
ƵʣŵͣȰʱ½磬Ϊ˱ǵĳ⡣Ǿ̫Ҹе߳ˡǶǸ߹飬ȻҪһȺͼ½չǵĳ⣿Ӷôԣʱ浽峹ɽˮ죬ѡҲܹ⡣ϾΪ棬ǰɣʱ½飬ȻỶϲĸʲôƵġϾһȺԸǡھѡֻ˵̫׳ˣ
Уһǻ˴ԹԣһлᣬϲҪȰת⡣
ô˵˴˼䶼ͬ壬޼䡣õ˺ܰġ
ÿһĻҲڵѪ
һ֧ѡֺαȥƥֱӵĻδҲõһϯλģ㲻Ǹ磬кηأ
廹Ǹ壡
ѪҪһȺķ棬ֽԼͬ
һ߸սţͬҲһȰ˵ţ˫ֱǸ˵˭˵˶Է
Щͷˣ㵱ǲϻתô
˵ϣ˼ˣɣɱҰɣ
ǾͶԲˣһſѪڣɢ޾ѹ򣬳ĺһҧ
ľɱ
һ˲䣬ϣͻȻųһޱѤĹ⡣
ǵ⣬ɢ޾Ŀռ
ǡһҧ˸գֱӴס⣬ʧڹâеţͬһԶƬռķŭǰ׳ΪʲôϣǷĶ
ǱߵЩǿҲȫЩɵۣĿɿڴĿһĻֱԼһĻʵġ
ȷʵһĿռ䷨ֱӶˣ
ֱ̫˵Ԥˡ
Էʹޣȫλġʹ޷Ǿһжʹޱȡ
ԣԿĶȴԿһĲ
һ̬ȣһ
ԣЩռķҲû뵽ϣȻֶ
֪ĻӦĲãôлġ
ֱ̫ˡ
ָǱߵķҲ̲סڻһԼûסͬ壻ڶȻ㶼ܸкôͬΪʲôʹ÷ķأ
㵱ôֻ֪ⷨķҧǵУ϶Ҳͽ
ˡһǿ˵ѵˣոȥʲôˣǸմ½ġȻǴų⣬ȥǸ½̸ȥˡ
ô俴Щ
ʲôô½һϵķ£һ翪ʼʱ򣬾ѾôǸͬһ׳ա
վ壬ûӣ塭ͬҲˡ˵ô˽ô̰õѡ񰡡ǿߣ˿Ҳ̲סһ˿п
У¶֮ɫŶķǿסֵĳ嶯Ȼ˵ô죿
Ƿ˵Ǹͬߵһ˲䣬ǾѾʼ֣ͬЩ߲㷢𹥻䲻֮£ӦÿԸشҲֻˡӽԺһͷϢҲ޷ˡ
һͷʹ飬ʼշһߣκ飬ʼҲڷǱߵġ
ʱѵٶȣ£
Ǹ΢һ£˵ĴٶȣĶһ޶
˵ʲôֻ̲ס쳩̸һ
Ǳߵٶȿ쵽˼ĵزΣľ壬䣬Խ棬һƬռ䵱Сڸܣ
ΪӳǣȻΣյģ


1936 Ͳ
ٶ˼£Ϊ˵ͬҲ൱Σյһ顣ΪȻٶ϶£顣ǣȴ̫־áǰٶȣϵĳȥĻôͬΣ
ʱѾȫ˲ˡ
УֱӴڵĿѪĵڶص㣡
Ϊ֪ǣҲܱɱ̫ãһֲԣ϶ȥڶصӦ֮ǰڽ½֮ǰѾ̶ø·
ԣţߺЩǣһ
Ҳֻʣһѡˣ
ţһУģģ
ĲдУٶ֮ϡżȻ̮ƿһЩʵƲģӲͷƤֱӳȥ
ĺǺܿ죬Ʊˣ
̷ĴҩڲϵĽѹơ
У̫ѪȴȻһһֱеĿȥ
գߵԼĵڶصʱױˡ
Ѿ˺ۣܶطܿɭȻޱȵİ׹ǡѪܶطѾõˡǱ̮ѹȵġ
ֻʣһ
ô͵ڳ˰ɣǺܱءš
ʱѾЩģʵ˫ۣڿһϤӰ
ӥ
þһ˿һϢݸӥȻͱ˫ۡ

ѣ
㲻Ҫң
ӥ˿̣ͬǱ֡
һͷ޴ӥޱȵ񿡣
ŵĺҪѣͬʱҲڷķš
ΪϢʵ̫Ҫˡ
ܿ죬һ֧ߣд峤ϣȫӦ
ǵȷǸоԾǸطֱ˳;ҲһЩأƾǿֱӴˡ
˵ս治ǵĶ֡
ʵȺ嶥֮ǰͶѾʶӦѱˣ
ǵУһ˿롣ϣԼĲ²Ǵġ
ڼӥӦ֮Ǵµ˿ڡȺĸ߲㣬ȫĬˡ
ڶǶϢ֮󣬾ʲôˡ
벻ߣһȥݵˣı壬һͷǡ
һͷǣ
罨֮󣬵һá
һ޴֪ȺںηΪİ˴ߣûһǳ
νĳǵȺܡ
û֪ǾȥĶλߣǶ֪һЩġ
ҲԭߣվҪع½磬Ҫع鵽ֻصȥţȥʲôˡ
ΪЩڹ֮󣬵ãȫʧˡ
û˵ȥ򣬶⣬Ҳһܡ
ֻּĴڲ֪Щʧˣң֪Щǿܲʧˣˣ
Ϊ磬Ҫʵ̫ˡҪȡ޾֧תΪȴ졣
죬
κһƬ죬ġ
ҲҪ۵ģ
һĳϣǰ鿴ƣȻ̾Ϣ˼ıԴƺأҪˡȻġ
һ˵һ߶չƣĳϣǰ뵽
ͬʱӥѾ޴ı壬ȺĶڣһңԶշȥ
ΪѾͣˣѾǡطȻ֮ǰûи˵ֻҪһ֪һôݵ㡣ܲµһЩ˿
Ըµĺۼնλ
ԣҲ뾡뿪
ֻãã棬鲻ĳܶطѾ׳ءȥηأ
мڵ飬ϵССȺ˵ȥ򣬽⼸ˡ
ʱֱӳߣȥ½硣
ӥЩԥЩϣҲȫЩԥ
һ峤˵Ǹ½Ǳߵ̸Сûɣھ͹ȥ᲻ᱻǿ᣿
ǶϢҶˣܸо½ĳǸˣǷǳһˡ˿ǡ߳˵ңʵѾû·ˡ
ȫһĬ
ǰǵȷѾû·ˡ
磬Ѿϵıݣۿſܶòʮ꣬ͻ᳹׵Ļһ
ҷЩǣӦһҲԳһϵǶҪõ½޾¹硣ʵеԸ
ʱһ֧壬ֱͳġҲԻᱻ壬ǹͬĵԴ
ӥգᳯ½ķȥ
һȥӴû˻ͷ·

īͱӥ֮ǰӥһǰķõġ
ַ۸˳īһ
ʱīָͥеЩˡԼϾֻ
ڸֱ֮ǰīȻãӦøһϾ飬϶ᱻݡ
һȺ飬ȻҪ뵽½統ȥ־ٶҲеð֮ˡ
īҲû뵽ôⶫ
뿪ֱ֮ӻصͥ
ߣĴͥеˣȻڵ
ī̵ʱ䣬˵һ顣
ϲǡܵ˵ǱȽ϶һЩ
Ϊ£Ѿصʱ
Գīѡ񣬻Ĵޱȵĸжܵġ
ͥгһˣ֪īһʲôˡҲ֪ī۵κʱ򣬶ǡ
Ĵ˵īѡǾͱҪ顣ң⻹飡
ΪīֻҪͷôҪס壬Ҫס壬ֱ׾ٵ飡
ңԳī˵ȡһδλá
ǻǣҲĻᶯĵģ
ģ
Ͼܹǧͬ壬ܻĵλ档Ҫʲôأ˭ָʲôأ
Щ飬ʲôϵأ
ȻīۣҲûǿȣ۱ҪΪսɣ
ɳīȴƫƫģôѡģ
˭֪жôΣա˭һѡôսѾõĽˣ
ŪãܻᱻܣȻǸƵɱ
ǿɾתֻصĻᶼûˣ
ԣĴߣֱӶԳīʩл
ߣͬҲһܴ꣬ͬӳīֽɵһִźͼУһθܵϵ
һĲľ
־񣬲㡭Ͳģ


1937 ߵأ
īˣ˵øҵлģϾǹͬ磬Ҳǹͬļ԰˵֮ǰڲ˽ν籾ʵʱһϾ˭ϣܹأ˭㲻أ
˶ŵͷǰ˭أ
ī˵֪֮ľáν磬ʵܻҲ֪û
īߣǶеķ飬ҲѾһļ䡣һ⣿
˵˵
ī˵統У˼Ⱥ𣿡
⡭΢΢һ飬̫ˣһһһһУĺۼЦҡҡͷ£ʵ磬Ҳһܣ
˵Щ飬ȷǴûм˵û˵紴ߵϢ
һΪ硭Ȼγɵġ˵Ǻ֪Ҫȡ½ʱҲȻΪġ˺ڣ㹻ɳ֮ڷ֣硭ȷ鹹ġҪѰ˭ʱȴ֣е֤ȫʧˣǸҲЩµκκۼ
ߵͷ˵£Ҳ׷ܾãΪʵ̫ˡģǻ飬ӦöеġȻĻǻҲķչϾԭ
īͷǡ
߽˵ղȥΨһܹ鵽ģȺΪ紴µĵһ
īĿ⣬΢΢һܸоЩϢУһܣ
߽˵Щһʵǰ˴ߡİ˴ߵУҲһЩѾĵһˡ
Щĵһ񶼻𣿡īʵ
룬˵ӦöڵģϣӦöѾٲ뵽еĸﵱС
֪һ緢شıǨЩһǣ᲻վ˵
飬Ͳǳīܹ֪ˡ
ߵĻ֮󣬲ǳīЩˣҲȫɻ
ЩȻ磬Ȼָ˺˵ǲӦ統ߵ߲ǡǣȫʧˣʧӰٵģ·ûгֹ
ߵ˵統УҲв飬в²䡣
˵ˡΪ磬Ҫ̫ܡڵ˺֮󣬽ľѪں嵱УȻԼѡ˼
˵ǲͬġ
ΪͲ߼
Щ飬ΪʲôҪ磿ΪĲܹ㲻
ôΪʲôҪ磿
ֱӾУֻظͺ˰
ԣһЩˣ˵ʵûʧֻԸ¶ˡ
Ϊһ㲻֮ǵԸѾʵˣĿҲˡӴ˺󣬾ͿϢˡ
˵ʵҲ⵽˺ܶ˵ķ
ΪЩ飬ôҲٵУһζ֡
ųī˵٣磬һ޴šоųϵ飬Ͳ֪г¡ǶǰһΪγɣ˴ġ
˵п֪ЩģӦþЩһڶˣЩˣȫżĬǴͲ𡣾ʣҲشġ
˵ɣЩһڶǣҲ֪ͬ䡣
ʱ򣬳īͷȻ˵Ҹоܹ⿪֮գ˵ҲܽΣ֡
ʱһ˵Ϊ˵Ļô϶ᾯЩ߼顣ý֪磬ô׵ģҪ۵ġ
ħ˵ǣڹ֮ǰֶ֪ܲȻĻţǵУһѡ
⻰˵û磬ΪľͲ࣬Լ磬ȴҪԼͽȥĻôļû˭ѡˡ
£ҳˡЦΪţеЩǣҲδ֪
īһ˫У˸ŵĹâΪ֮ǰ˵Ǹ֮ء˵ǸطһĿֲһ㣬ֱܹѹ
ߵī֪ģ۷ʱڣҲ϶ڵǣŵˡҪȥЩӳֵĻȻȻĻߣȴûܽ˲ѹ
ȻڵɵѹߣʵϣȻûн˲ѹ
Ҳ˵ǸŴصĵطпܣһ𰸡
ֻ𰸣ɲ˭ʸȥġ
Ϊ𰸵Ĵۣʵ̫ˡīڣҲûǸģȥ̽Ǹط
սۡʱϽųī̾Ϣⳡսս޿ɱ⡣Ȼһ֧壬ļ뵽ǵӪУǸ壬Ȼѡǿս
ǵġųī˵Ѿ죬սǿһ飬
Ҳǡңͬʱͷ
ĴľȫˡĴǱߡѾܿˡĴǱߣĹϾ׵ġ
īͷãʱɡͬʱҽԴȥ죡
˶Դˣ顣
Щѹվ޲ĴĽڣҲһǳؼ顣
ܼʱ޲Щ֮ôЩ壬ͺпܣߵءһǽ뵽磬ôսڵһʱֱӴ죡
ʱ򣬿ɾһضûˡ
ֽŵ֮£绹ܱתʵѾһ൱漣ˣҲ˵˷Ҫԡûз磬磬ҲһġκεϢ˵Ĺ͸ͱݣ
磬κεϢٶȶ̫ˣ
ңԶӳ٣Ҳᳬ̹졣
ʱīü䣬¶һĨ֮ɫ˵дߵأ
ʲôڳˣһ̣ȫ
ħƮŮȺ˺սӣеսڵһ±ȼ
Ĳһˡ
ڸ֮սʵѾܾúܾˣ
ī߰ɣȥһ飡
˲䣬ֱͥдĶʿաⳡޱ׳ۡɢǹƣֱ춯أ
һΣˣûκΡ
һĻҲֱӴݵ˷ȥ
Ⱥգ硭˲ըˣ
һЩ˿׳ۡǿơԵƣˣġȴַˮı׳Ϣ
ǵģȺĶڣһ˴ģĳս
Ȼ⽫һױȵĴս
ϣǶܻ


1938 ս
ǰ·δããû֪Ⱥߣսս˵ģ˵һ漣һ磬˵ĺ֪ڡһ̣ȫͣǵĿ⣬ȫ˷Ű֮ϡ
磬һ̣üΪ
Щ꣬ŷչĲϽѾʼִ͵ķŰ塣רͥеЩҪ顣ЩŰ壬мɴСЩųǵ۴
һЩ֮ǰ֪ʲô飬˿ҲȫפͣǾ޴ķŰǰ档һȺʿȽȽգ֮߷ȥĳ
УͥǱߵ˵Ľ˵
ոյõϢ۸Ӧдߵأ֮⣬Ǹ̮硣飬Ҳ綼Ѿ֪顣ЩҴǣҪߵض뵽ǵļ԰ģǣ벻Ϊ˺ƽ֪壬ȻҪ¹硣
е飬һ̣ȫ̲ס߬ȭͷ¶ŭ֮ɫ
ԣһΣ۹أֱڶȥǲ֪һٵʲôҲпһȺҪͶǵ顣
Ǳߵˣ˵һ㣬ȴûЦ磬޾飬һ̣ȫһɹϢһ֣԰Ĺ
ôȥ˭ףЩǣҪٴιġ磬ζҪЩ磬ȡ޾Ҳζţǵļ԰ǵ磬鶼ʱͨ硣սһǰһù¼ţóϢ
ⲻҪ
ԣ飬Ҫ
ľʣֻõ˵ôߣԶҲͬ
ϣʵûʲôҪֻܿԼ
һЩеĶȥӭСڷŰϿ˴ϤӰ
ĳУĴаҪģֹ彨Ĵôͥеϴڡ
Ƕڣ
޷˵ǰ֮ȥӭС
ôһأ
սأ
Ǹʱ򣬸˭ϣ
ϣ˭Ǹģ˭ӦΪԼģ
ûˣ
ûκӦģ
ǱߵķŰУͥˣڼ
ݷһߵأпһսĿˡͬǣ塢塢塣Ƕ顣ǵļ԰ҪƬأҪǺǵ󣬾޶ǻҪν磡Ҳ˵ģҸˣһᷴף
ͥǱߵˣ󣬸Լһ档
磬Ȼըˣ
ۺ󣡡
ţ⡭ˣǵۺ󣡡
˶ˣ֮ǰֻŷŭȻ˵ƺ㣬ǿܶȴû뵽̫ࡣΪͥĵȼ̫ˡȻûи߸Ϲͨ飬ҪӴͥˣҲĺܲס
ųīΪۣһĻȴÿһ䡣
Ƕλ˫ĵۺ󣬻Ƿǳ˽ġ
ۺ󣡡
ۺͬڣ
ΪɱУ
ۺҪһ𷴿ף
ͥԶǣ֮ǰ˭˵ģͥ˵Щ并ңúȡԼҹ
û֮ǰ˭ڷϴʴǣ˵ͥҪģվұҾԲ㣬һһһĻ㣬Ȼһ㿴ۺ͵ۺ󣬻ͥеЩôһѪս׵ģ
磬һ̣Ӱһӱ÷
˵Ӳ¶ĵۺ꣬һιվ˵ⷬϳīǳʱĳѪڣѡ
磬Ѿ鲼ÿһ䡣֮Ҳ⡣
ԣǻУһֱȺ˵Ӱܿ졭ͳ֮ߡ
ǣ̣ȫ̲סΪȺ˽кá
̫ǿˣٶȡ澳ʿ϶ϰɣ
Ҿһ澳ʿҿԱ֤ûôٶȣѪУ
ϵǿߣǴ־ҲѾԽ־硣
ǿľ磬϶Ǵ硣ڴ棬϶вͬεġ˵ּʿ϶ͱѰĴҪǿܶࡣٱ˵ĴּĴڣ϶ǿĴ֮ϣߣ۱Ӧ˶ģ
޵У
֮ǰ۾ܹ顣ԣҲǲսʤ
һսҪһ𣡡
ʱѾдеĶʿޱսЩ˹ǣҲȫԷģաǱ߷ȥ
ǣͥǱ߼ʱĵ˶Ĳ
ӷֳʮ򻹲лĻпԿ죬ԹĴ澳ʿ֮߷ȥ
ǲֻҪ֧֣ǸҪжʾ
磬鹲ͬ硣ҪػҲӦǴһػ
ûӦñģ
УԽԽĴ澳ʿѾγһɿֲ˳
κεĶԱ޷ﵽЧ
Ҫ֪ʱ˿̣Ĵľ񲿶ӣ̹ľڰأ
Щˣ˿ҲЩ಻סˡ
ǶսʿǲӦóսһӭеȺˡ
ǸԵȴж
ǵǱ棬Ǳǰ棬κε˿ɳ֮Ѿһˣϵʵκ˶أҪۣǵۣ޵еģ
Ľ󽫾Ԫ˧ʱ˿̣ȫڸԼѾ궯ĲŹʵϣԼ棬ѾЩ겻ѡ
ԽԽʿԷҪȥӭУֺγżأ
ҲȷһˡˡôζţʤǽٴγɹĹ硣
½磬жٸ磬ٴγΪǵѪԴ
Ű棬һƪرĻһ
񣬽Ӳ½Ѫֱֹͣ½飬һ˵ͬҲ˵
ͬǣ½ˣʹ;л͸޾ķŭޱ飬һĮȻϸȥɢŸ߰͵⡣ƺ˵ӦѪ


1939 ׷ɱ
һ֣пˣĺ⣬֡
ʱ򣬷ŰϵĻ棬Ѿתص˳һȺ˵ϡ
˿̣ŵģһֻ޴ƥۡ
ۿȥޱȹ棬ɢ캮Ĺâ·ĸˡ
֮£һȺߵʿѾ
ʱ򣬴۵УֱһִĹ
ǹâʵ̫ǿˣ
ŷŰ壬Ҳʶıһ۾ֱӡ
ߵأ
ߵصĳ
ǴµĹâ顣
˶Щʿ۳īΪףȻûһ˺˰벽
ȫȵվɫ侲ĿǵִĹ
֪˭ڳ⻭棬ķǳã˿̣飬ȫܿ۳īӢޱȵ
ۣ
ǵۣ
ۣ
īϣȻüǼ֮ɫһ˫Уƽûһ˿־塣
֪ΪΣ۳ī飬ȫƽǵģͻȻҵ˼һ
ŭᵽС
ʵŭԴڿ־塣
û˿־壬ȻҲûôŭͲˡ
⻭εĴͥЩеɨ
ߡߡߡߣ
ĴϽң
ǵϣҲȫīıࡣȻ࣬ȴš
ǳٵڣ¶ľɫ
󣬻ɨˣ⼸ϵı飬磬ͻȻ䱬һƬЦ
ӣһս⣡
ħһս⣡
Ʈ㣬һս⣡
ǵģǿս⣬Ѿ͸˷Ű壬ÿһܵˣ
սǿԸӵĳ̶ȣ·ѾҪһ
ÿο棬ĪϲУģȫûа㳰Ц˼桭ľһӡ
ʲôһӣ汾ǺӺðɣǿֻӣ
ħ۵ʦ𰡣ȻսˣϵְȴѪڰ
ϲħҾϲˡ
ҼƮŮģ͵Ůˣ
ͬ⣡
޳ɣ
һ̣ϣͻ䣬·֮ǰֽգѪڵľѾȥȫ
ʵϣŻڣѪҲδ䣡
ֻǶѾΪ׵ȺϵֳȾǽţҲѾ͵С״̬궯ѪҲǱս⡣ֻҪҪʱ򣬾һһʱ䳹ױ
֮ߡ
īĿǵǹȻޱĿ˵ȴʲô
ֻĶŹĶֻҪǱ߳ī֤ڵһʱ䣬䷢ɱ
Ϊһߵصʱ̫ˣǱ߾˴׼ȻҲʲôԣīľ͸Ӧ𿴷һƬڣȫŲѡԳī˵ȴûۡ
ΪīߵأЩΡ
˵ʱ䣬Ӧ׼ڼ䣬̫ʱ򣬾дֱߵɱ
ī뵽һ֧壬ڲ²ûпߵء
ֿʵǺܸߵġ
Ϊڳī֧һ㶼©Ŀе͡ǵľٶһ֪ôֻһ

ŻһƳķΪī֮ǰѾԤеĹ;̫ȡ
ǵѣīУǳ̹Ȼûʲôÿ־ġ
ʱǹâУһӰ˳
Ӱһͷ˶ıӣ
īڿĵһۣΪϸһǡ
ֻ޴ıӣ¶Ѫȴˣ¶Ѫ
⻭棬Ҳڵһʱ䣬ͬݵÿһ̨Ű֮ϣ˶һĻȻȫסˡ
ʲô
ۡôһֻӣ
˵󣬱ǳȥˡⱪɢǹѪǺǿֻΪʲôˣ
ߵض룬ҪǵΪʲôӦǱ׷ɱİɣ
ô£
ϣʱһɻ
ī̸֧֮УûйԣУֻҪǴ飬ûʲôö
ԣһЩ飬ֱڷϽ
ǹҧ
֪ΪʲôֻҪ嵹ùҾͺܿġԭеۣһӾͲأ
ǰǸô
ҾȮʿԺ˭Ҫùˣҷ
һ
ҲںϵĻ˶ûˡڷЩ˵ǵԹҲǼġǶˣǾͺú£Щˣ
Ҫˣȴƫƫ
ʲô˵֮ġŪھ˵ʱѧˡ
ڹ꣡
˵
ŪЦԷǡ
Ҳڷզ䣬Ϊ˿̣ȫŰϴĻˡ
ֻѪ쵫˵ıӵĳֿ֣ʼдĸָȫһģˣ
һЩص·ˣ
ڣһͷӥǹâг
ȥֻӥƺûܵôصˡܽͬ壬Ⱦǵߣ濹׷
ֻӥĻʼд飬ϵӿ
Щȫһ֧嵱Ķ񣬵˿̣ÿϣȫŲҵơѾʧȥս
ӥϣֱӰȻƼأѾ˵ųΪЩȡųۡ
һǿվӥϣԶĳī˵ۣ
īһۣԵ˷ԸӦǣȥȥͻأ
ī˵ţֱӴ󲽳ǵȥ
ۡڽе
ţīͷ
ǳ˳飬ԭ˵СթɻߣȻʶʱѪ޵еʱ򣬶ң飬īԻԼжϵġ
ԣԭĻֱӱ˻ȥȻ˵أ
۱أߺ˵
ңֱӾͽ뵽Ⱥص嵱Уʼ˾Ρ
Ȼе壬ǵĿȫûбֳ˿⡣
˽˶֪ǰ㵱Լˣκ˿壬ܵǵĹҪˣҲԻȷ𹥻ģ
ʱ򣬺ӡħƮ㣬ֱ׷ϳī
һ𣡡Ӵ˵
ŰǱߵпһĻ飬ȫ̲סЦ
Ȼ
Ǽ͵Ĵڣ
ī΢΢ԥһ£󣬵ͷ
Σֱû뵽ǵС
һ̣Ǳߵǣȫ̲סΪ⡭ǲƵ磬ûз磬޷۵Ӣˣ


1940 ۺ˵
ȻǻߵĳҲߵ񫡣
ԴԴϵ壬ÿһֻ϶ſֲ˺ۣÿһֻȫޱߣ
ǵͣ˵ûرšĺܶ壬Щޣ͸һž޴ǳƵġȥޱȿֲ
Щӹߴ͹壬ģҲɡ
ɢǹɰȴָоЩ壬һޱǿ󣬶ޱͣ
ԶԶϵ˳ߵض룬ߵʿǲϵչ˾Ρ
ǳ࣬һĹƬѾ˺۵ˡͥߵ֣ˡ
ʱԮҲˡ
ȺԷգ֮ߵĴ澳ʿѾʼ½ϵˡڰ·ϣͨŰ˽⵽߷ʲôԣ֮Ҳû̫ľȺԥֱӾͲ뵽˾ԮĹС
ȻͥǱȻûʲô͡ߵǣҲѾов̫һ
һ֧壬ӦǸվͬһӪеġ
ȻĻΪʲôܵôص˺Ϊʲôǣ
ʱͥǱߣҲ˹ٷĽ͡һΣվ͵ģһۺ󡪡ˮ
ԼһǵĻ棬ڷŰ廭½ǴȫԿ͡
һ֧壬һȺҪ뵽塣ڸҽһ£еһЩϢҲôҶһ˽⡣
ʱ뿴սĻ棬ԵЩˣΪֱӴż˳ŹȥĲ硣
ǿԮĻ棬ҲԿᣬ˽һһЩ飬Ҳôеɻһ㡣
ô꣬ͥһֱôġ
һ飬ȫֹƽ͹е飬͸ĳ̶ȣ
ҲΪˣͥİ
Уһа˸ߵϯλĸϯλеռСȻһ㲻Լ壬ֻᵱԼ񡣡
ˮ䣬ȴǳ
ĸϯλʵǹ干ͬСļֱռһϯλȻʣµǸϯλÿһЩꡭȻˣ϶ܳܳġţǻֻһΡ⣬磬е嵱Уʵ壬ռλġȻûʲôϵ
ˮ⻰úܶ˶һЦ
Уˮ˵ǰʱ䣬ʹߵأۣǴ壬Ҫ۴ӦǵȥƺȽˣǶͥ˵ġ
ˮ˵⣬ƤЦһ¡
ϣʱһǺ
ۣۺ̫ˣ
ңҿʲôҸոտʲôۺ
ޣǽпЦʲôۺ𣿡
ۺÿɰ
Ҳ۵ĸ
ôˣǻҪ¶أ
Уˮ˵˵ǵûôɰˡҪۺǺЭ¹硣εġḶ́Ͳϸ˵ˡ۾ܾˡңԴۣһŵ
ˮ˵⣬ɫȻޱ֣ء
һ̣һߵǣҲȫֹͣЦֹͣ֡ˣȫһĿŷŰ嵱Уˮ
ۣͬͥ飬ͬŵǽе飬
˵֮ˮϣٴ¶Цݣ˵ڿԷˣͬڡ
ͬڣһŷŰСŮһ˵
ͬڣһոմԻŰ忴һʿŷŰ壬˵
ͬڣһĹ壬۽ǺỨ˵
ͬڣ
磬һ̣֪ж飬ĸ֡
ǱߵˮƺҲ˴ҵĺĴǱߴԵĿˮȦ˲Щ΢죬Ȼһ۱𴦣漴תͷЦ˵ͥ£ûκ˻ңҲûκˣȥЩǵģ˵㣡
˵ţˮ˵ˣе㳶Զˣǽ˵ɡϯ֮⣬ϯֱ֧ͷռݡţϯλҲϯλȻв壬ڱдһ˲ˡԣҲôġûʲôܽģҾǺܿ
λۺԸ
ۺһˣ
ϲ֡
ԣˮⷬûκεķУ෴һƬк
Ҳģ
رʹ죡
ЩıӦ
УˮһЦ˵Ȼڵǣе壬Ҫ¹磬ţΪǷӵаĴܡʵҲʲôܡÿһ飬֪飡
飬⻰ȫͷ
ϲͥģһ㣡
κ飬û̫͸ˣ
ÿһ飬ȫǿޱȵĹкͬСҲԴˡ
ˮ˵ǰĴ磬һƬ¼ţ˸£Ҳ֪ΪǵеĺܶˣԲؽЩ磬ȥػĹ
ˮϣ¶ı飺ǰĴ磬ʵ緸е֤ݡЩ磬һޱȲúͻԻ͵գΪ˽һء飬ɢʧµĳСǷڹУȫ֪Щ顣
ˮõͳЩ޹飬ֺ޹ƾʲôҪȺ
Ǳߣ飬ȫĬǵϣٴ¶ŭ֮ɫ
ˮ˵Щ˽̰޳ܱɵ嵱УҲǴһģԣûڿһ֧Ը뵽磬Ըٹʲô塣ڶѾ֪ˣҪıһСֻǣǿˣĹСȻܵĹЩΪʲôҪǣ
ˮΪ־壡ڿ־ʲôڿ־塭ǣ赲ǣԣ֧壬ǵѣҪӭǣ뵽޳ӪУ
ʱǱ߻ͻȻһ䣬УȻ˳īӰ
ϣһ̣һӾըˣ
ΪǾȻǸĳ
˳ۣ
˺ӣ
ħ
ˡǸ˫ȴƥŮˡƮŮۣ


1941 ۲
ңһǿģȫѪڵս棡
ǻУһӽһԵ飬ҵԽѣˣȫ̲סڵһվ
ģһ̣ܱ򶨣飬ֱ̫ˣ
ӵϣҲһˣӷ·ûиоһţŭţǸֳһĿ˹ȥ
󣬻һתгߵǸŮˡƮŮۣ
ֳһɫǹǹѩȥ¶ӣŷŰ壬Ȼܸܵķɢޱɱ
ۣ
ƮŮһǹ̽һͷͻ۾
ͷͻһ춯صŭڷŰֱӱʵŵ˲ˡ
һ̣ͼƮŮɫһ
Ǹɫǹʱͷ޴ͻȻ˳ͻ۾ֱӽͷͻͷ­̴
һͻԪҪ˳ͷ­ߡȴϹħһն룡
ţƺЩ˿ˣҲΨм飬ܿħһ˲便˶ٵ
ǧ򵶣
ǧϵ
ͷͻԪ񣬶һֱӸϡã
磬޾飬һֱ̣ӱ𺳵ˡ磬඼һƬš
ţȻ䣬һĻ
ã
ֱ硣
˵Ѫһֱ̣ӱ׵ȼˣ
ѹƲסˣ
ָо˷ܵԸӵĵز
û֪⻭ôģ˶֪⻭ģ
ʱ򣬻ٴתƵǱߡ
Χų۵飬ֱ顭̫ˣ
һ̣۵У·𱬷һž޴Ѫɫâ
ǵ⣡
޵߱
䣡
޾飬ֱӱѪɫâķɡ
Ȼ󣬳īΣ˳
ΧգֱһƬհף
֪жٵ飬ڸոһֱ̣ӱ
˭͵ˣ
ǳ۰
ڹȥܻʶİѳųȥΪۣǸ߸ϵߡ
ڴ˿̣ȫˣߡ͵鰡
ʱ˿̣ȫּ֪ôйźõĸоǵ۾᲻뿪Ű塣һ̶Ը
ڸ˭ս

е񰡣
񣬳۶͵̶ֳȡ֮ǰ½鲻ֵЩˣȫһֺĸо
˭˵Ǿʹ򲻹е
˭˵ǾһҪܱѪԴˣ
гۣ
ħƮŮۣǻкӣ
ǻǿߣ
ҪǱϣҪǴ𲻴Ӧ
û֪⻭澿ôġ
УʵվһŮһŮ
û֪ôһŮģ
īҵʱһŮīһ˲䣬ѾһĳֱۣӾ棬һ硣
ȻԼסˣӺζ
ͱīܴͥ
һ߱ҵʱ䣬Ȼȳ磬֪ΪʲôԪɢĺī˺ܶʱ䣬߳ۻָԣĳߣڳѧԺءۣȴѾųīѧ˺֪ܶʶ
̫ˣѧʲôǹĿȻܾһﵽԼĳ̶ȣ
κθ߿Ƽ飬ȫֳȤ͸ǸһǻۣûΪֻضٰ֡෴
ԣЩʵһֱܵĸڳīߣīָ顣ҲѾ֪һСԳīһ統꣬δı
īȻûȷ˵ҪȢֻȴһֱߣƺҲѾĬʲô
ȴӲ飬ƺѾȫǼ¡ϾѾϱӵˡ
һΣī˳ǵâƵ磬ȻҪҪս棬ֱе鿴
ɹˣ
ȷޱǿᡣ
֤˲ֻз£ֻзŶÿƼֶ
Уûܹҵ
ʵϣҵһʱҲκβ˵۱սҲѾﵽ澳硣˵ϵĸֳīķ;Կκզࡣ
û˷ֳۣҲȥˡһһｫսĻ棬ȫݻصȥ
ʱҪƵ粼·磬ĻͿ磬ʱؼĶˡ
ڲ֮Ѿ˴ķ磬һƵļϵͳ
ⶫֻͥڲԲ鿴ѾʼͶʹá
һΣīڸӦ۹صͬʱͥڲֻ̨ܿŰϣʵѾǱߵĶ
ǲҪǿġ
սȻڼ
ǣһֱû뿪ϵĴߴЩӢսʿ˳Ź½磬Լȴʼͻڼս
һͷսǰ档׵Ǹ
Ѿ˺ۣȫûκȴ˼
ڳī֮ǰѾ뵽ΣյľءΪãսģ
ŵ˵۷ʱڣĳīҲδĶ֡
ԣͷɵɱˣһ㶼ȳī١
ֻǳ۶е˽ģĻ棬˸ЩԼˡ
ҲͷǺܶ໭棬Щ飬һʱʶ֮һ
ţͷǺͣ
ȥĺǿ󰡣
ôصˣȻ˿ֲս
ָоͷǣǵ۲
ʵǵ˵ǵۻᣬû뵽۷ڡͷǣһ۷ڵĶڣ
ԺҲǵԼˣ
϶ˣ㿴ⳡѪսˡ֮ǰһе㻳ɣԲۺ󡭡ȻۺԱ˱֤һе㻳ɣ̫ǣļ뵽ˡ飬ü١
ǣҪǼٵģûʲôˡ
ͬʱ⻭棬ҲܶѾ뵽½鿴ǿ⻭棬ȫܼЩˡҪȥ¸һս
ȴߺĴЩֹˡ
ڳīЩݺᣬѹ̬ɨһеСʵϣ׷ûôֲеĴ󲿷ǿ黹ûȻĻƾǼˣĲЩɱġ
ԣīڲսսս뵽
ǵȻҲûиīлֱӾͿʼųī߿£Ȼ⼸ǿʿֱһߡ
Ǽʵֲ̫ˣ׷ϹЩһ֧Щˣ
Ͼȫûйڶսϣǲīߵġ
գһ֧ȥˡ
ȥ֮ǰȴҲºݻ


1942 ʤ
һΣˣǣסˣһͽĳ裡¹ܳһ죬һ֧֮գһǿģһҪסǵĻǲȶ½κһ飬ǣͽޣ
һĸߴսޱɭĿվڹԵ˵
ĻҲĴÿһǱߵС
޳ܣ
ɣ
ȥɣ
Ҫ
һ̣Ǳߣһ
ʱվߵĳīͻȻ̧־һ
նǸս
һѪɫĹâŰǰȫ˫ۣ
ʲô
ǳ۳ˣ
ɱ
ֻޣ
˵
ڹ꣡
ιιιûǰ
Űϣһ궯
һ̣ѪɫĹâɢȥȻ˶ɴ˫ۣոջޱȵǸսѾ룡
Ǳߣеͷȫ
ߣе飬Ҳȫ
ֲ̫ˣ
޾ңԶգȻһͶһеλʵּǿ
䣡
磬˲ٴηˣ
ⳡսȻֻˣڻ峷˵Сģսȴ飬ú죡
ǴûҸ
֮ǰ糹ͨʱҲûҸ
ָоǱʲôˬ
̫ʹˣ
̫ˣ
̫ˣ
ֻһ֡ˬ
һĴʤ
˵Ųɹ塣
ʱ򣬳īƽ˳ŷ磬ÿһڹۿⳡս˶СҲ˶ЩĶС
;ߵء磿뷨ܺãǲʵ֣ңκһҽ뵽壬ֻҪĻ죬ôҪСģΪһʱնǡ
ǾվڳīߣԡѪȥ˺۵ġ
˿̣۾ȴޱģ
·ǣ
ųīǿϣҲǿϣ
ʱǿųīȻ󻺻ĻΣųīʩһ񣺡л֣ǣ壬лۣ
īȻһ˵ӽǱһˣ
ԣǴӽ󣬾һˣȻһ̫ó¶ԼˣѾǷǳǱֵķǳ
зǱߵ飬ϣܵͷǵǷִţϡ
ǶĬˣһ̣ˣ˵ӽǱһˣǾһˣ
壬еָдģ
ǳۣЩ壬˿еġǡˡǡζţȺ壬Ѿһ׵뵽統СΪһԱңǸһƽȵһԱ
񣬾壬뵽ͥУΪǵһԱֽĸо޷
󣬳īЩˣһ˳һص硣
ͷǣҲһģ
һĻúܶ˶еԵ𺳡һ̣ǿī𺳣ͱǿҵҸУ
壬ͷǣҲгۣ
ҸģͬҲҸģ
ī֮󣬻Ȼڼֱʱкܶ뵽⣬̲סеʣ⻭ֱ̫ǿˣǽǶȣλеһУȫļʱľ˭ڸǴЩģ
ǰ˭Ǵ⻭ģ
ҡǲƵ磬Ӧûǵķɣ˭ôǿô̵ʱڣһ㣿
ѵǳԼģ
ܣһֱսңô͵ǿ϶ԼĻġ
Ҳǳۡ
ЩҲ뵽ݸǻģ겼·Ǹˡ
ߡ
ߺĴһȺͥеȫӭȫſĻϲЦݣ֪Ǹոжൣġߣڴʿ֮󣬶һҪ˳ǹƵȥīս
ûȥΪսͬҪѹΪڵʱҲһ֧թ岿ӡҪǲȺͻȻ䱩𣬽ͥеȺɾ޴
Щ飬Ƕ֮ǰѾ뵽ġ
īһУȥοЩ˺ص顣
ǼȻѾ뵽ôӽԺǾеһ֧ˡѾʧˡǿųīһ˵
ʵڣҲ̫﷢飬Ѿŷ紫ݳȥˡ
ǲһǿͷ죬Ҳһͷ졣
ǳէȻΪ壬ҲһȺġҪٰڳһ߸ϵףôīǣͥǣҲǵġ
һ㣬ȴǶˣΪ飬ʵѾڸոһսУͽǡȻǰҲҪ뵽磬ͬʱҪڳһ߸ϵӲС
ǵһʱ̬
īʱֱӳǱ߹ȥƺصīû˵ֱӳ֣ע뵽嵱ȥ
ܿ죬ָһЩֱվΣȻԳīʩл
Ҫǳǿ¡
īֹ֣סĻȻ˵ѣ
۾ֳһĨľӨȻصͷԣѣ
īǣʵô£ôͻȻֹ
ʱ򣬷Ļ棬ֱӱ۸жˡ
Ϊ飬Ѿ漰أ飬ǲܴΧȥġΪ˭Ҳ֪統УǷһЩŵ塣
ԴˣǱߵȻЩûȴҲȫʾ֧֡
ⳡսЩ棬ǾͿԻζܾˡ
ҷ棬ظŵЩ棬֮ǰѪڣûп̫ϸóᣬȥоһ£Ǿսġ
߳ī֮ǺӥЩ壬ȫɫеѿӥ˿ҲѾΣһĹ
ҲѹֳīɻΪһ˵飬Ǽصġ³֮ǰ©֧壬ȴͬʱ˷һ֧ļл
ʱϵô˵һ֧Ҫشˡߣпѡ
̾˿Ȼ˵ԭأѽһ֧ȫˣһС統Уϣ׼ڸ̸֮󣬾ֱ뿪ˡû뵽ǣǵУǳ˱ߡһ㣬ٲ


1943 ʯ
ī̲ס̾ϢȻ֮ǰҾЩġ
Ǳ˵Ҫǳ۸ҵǼѾˣһսˡ
ī¶ЦҸǷûôʹõġ
ͷһ
ȫЦһĽٺЦݡ
֧˵ܹɹ뵽½磬ۺĥѡ
һ·ϣǾѾսˡȻĻЩľսʿҲȫôصˡǵȷʧȥսսȥҲܻߣ뵽½
ͬһϣΪ˵⣬һƮŮۺħǱλһǹֱλѸõԪǸǡ
ǾȻһСɱһͽħЦ˵
ͽ˵ҲôʹȻıѣ˾޴ʧҲıѣżǼĽ̡̾Ϣ˵ţ͹ȥɡ
̬ȣ˸̾ͷΪߵǣźܿؽġɲ˭׵ԭ±Լ˵ġ
󣬳īֱӶ˵һ֧⣬Ѿ׼̹ϷһƬռ佻ǡһƬռ䣬̹绹ҪһЩңһֳɵĴ½Ϊ칬½
ī˵ţһۺߣǵĺ߹׳ġ
ǳźߣʩ񣺡лѣ
߿ǣ΢΢һЦ磬ҲŹǰ֪ǰ塣
Ŷǿźߣǣ
ΪòԭûʶȥЩ˵ݣϺԽԽһˡȫû뵽Ȼһ顣
Ƿһ̹ȻĿ˵
Ȼ⻰һڣǶʱ΢΢һü
ȻǱߵӥд壬ȫüͷߵĿ⣬ҲȫЩŹ
ով⼸ڲϵ֯˶ǽоΡǸʱǿȫû뵽·ĴȻһ
üͷҲֻһ˲飬תۣ̲סЦȻ󣬹ЦЦ˶ЩסſЦüͣųīȻǸ˵Ǹ̲סҲǳЦǾáİ
Ȼǿʲôģͷֱ˵ʵҲܿģ˵磬ȫһʵһʼҲģҼһ壬ᡭھǵĹУҾѾˡԭνĵжԣνĵ⣬ʵǹģǸɵġԭ룬йϵɡģҾͲ֪ˡ
ǵͷ˵֮ȷ
⻰ڶˣ
ңڳЩ鵱Ҳֻʸ˵ֻΪã
ǿˣ˵ȥ飬ͲˣҹȥһΪǸģġֻҪܵǵϢҾͻᱩŭͻ̲סҪ񡣵ˣԭô¡ոλԼݣ֪Ƿ
Ǳߵӥ壬˿Ҳȫˡ
૵ǰǾҵʱҿһ㲻ĸоûУûа飬ȥǲܵģ
ҲǣֻȺ˶ܿɰӥ˵
ߵͷ˵Ҳ˵磬ʵһİݵ磬˵˵ѡ飬ϣȫӵԼϡϣûֱַ𡣡
ǲȻ𾴣һĿźߣ˻棿
Ȼˡһôǰ硭ȫһɣ
̲סͷ̾Ϣֹǲһֱ̫һˣһ֧壬ڵġΪһԱ֮áҲûеõһءǷ壬ǵĳƺȻ
ӥǣȫסˣȫԺĻȻ֮֡
벻Ϊʱ򣬶ûܵõһأʧȥ֮󣬾Ȼõˡ
īЦЩʲôһںϵ磬Ժ󣬴иġ£ȰЩԱɡ칬½ǱߣҲѾ׼ӭλ
ǳųīˣʩһȻ˵лλҲԣһ֧壬Ϊף壬뵽ӽ󣬾καΥһ֧壬ҿʼȫ
Уʼִ
߼飬ģƬضΪ֮ݡ
ǿųī˵Ϊûʱ̸У֮ǰ˵ĹԴ⡭
īǣ˵£ʱȲҪˡţǸոϣҲһҪԴн衣˵Ͽ֮£ǻֱӽأԺҾһˡĳ˵ĻôǾͰĴĹͺˡ˵ԴţԼҪ
ҡͷɲУۣ˵ʵһ֧Ȼȥ˵㣬վİ˴֮һǲȱǮԴӦ˵ԶʤġЩ룬ǲǸȱġЩԴҲýڸӼ̡÷øǿ󣡡
˵ţֱӴȡһռ䷨ɷ˵ĽīУҲôˣ۱٣ҲǸ۵ģһȺģһ⡣
ī룬Ҳûټֱܾӵͷ˵ãȻⶫ¡ͷҲȫĽȥ
ǵͷг죬ĸ
īǣԺҲܲҲҪվһŬøá
ĵͷҪǳǾƴǣ
ںߵ˵Ĵͬ£һ֧壬칬½ķȥ
īһˣصͥС
ȥ֮󣬳īŴǸ﷨ԴóīЩɵۣһ𺳡ʶ֮ȫǿֲϢ
ʯָ棬Ȼٶ飡
ī֪֧徿жǮȴܸоЩԴ֧˵һСĿ
Ȼͷ׼˵ģǿǵӪȲ׼ġ
ʲôг⣿
ǣ
һԴͥ˵Ȼһĺ£
ī֮ǰ벼һ󣬽֮ǰһֱԴȱܲΪһ󣬾ͰͿհ
ڣڿˣ


1944 ຢ
̹ǧ꣬һһ뵽ѾȥܶˡЩ굱УСС飬ҲһЩܵ˵û̫ıǨ
ʵϰ߶ǼԪٵģһԪ٣Ƕʮ껹ࡣԣǧ˵ûʲô̫ĸ
ԣ⼸ǧʱ䣬粢û֯ʲôĹСģ̽˼Σ̽Ҳ붼Ҫ֪̽½ߵķжǿ
Щ꣬ҲѾЩϰһЩ·Ľţīһս֮Ŀܣٵ񣬴ҶٶѾЩϰˡ
޷ǾսҲ޷Ǿǿһ㡣ûеȫսʤĵزսе㲻ϰߣѪʱˣҲûʲôϰߵˡ
磬ֻأ
һеĸ
ֻҪֻڣֻҪйϵͳڣôսҲΪսġֻأҲֻس塣Ҹͥܶε׷ټ¼սЩʿֻ֮˶൱֮㣡
ȫ츳׿֮Ȼǰһļ䣬һҲͣò˶ֿ꣬һʵĴʿ
ʱ򣬻ǰһѡһЩ䡣ȫףֻؿ֮ǰʿƿһֻصȫһ
ȻյĽȥƺ̣࣬ȴȫˡ
˵Ṇ̀ףڿԼĹ¡ȴںùȻ󣬻˳Ӧ⣡
ʲô⣿
˵־
Ҫٵ磬ô־ȻǲͬġȻҪģȻУΪȥЩ飬ȫ¼
飡
ۣ
ʽ£磬Щʿǣȫûκεĺ֮ǣսַĳ̶ȣֱľ
ԣǧǱڽ˼Сģ֮̽󣬱ֹͣɧš
Ѿһǧ̹꣬ûдߵضˡ
СģߵȴǶ಻ʤоߵؾͨأڵһʱ͸ȷλãȻˡ
Ҳһٲֳ֣˸һĳ⣬ʾԼԸ뵽
֣϶ǱǷ¶ģȻֱȼߵĻҲҪȹһģҪôֱ֮ȥԸЩߵضĶ顣
īߵ̬ȣǱ̬ȵ֧֡Ϊڳī統УҲδûȺһ顣ǲƲ磬ͬʱҲ½˺Ҫ½磬뿪硣
ȻīҲֶ֧Ⱥ˽һʱĹ۲ġΪû˸ұ֤ľʵġȻصĶģǿ׵ģ
Ϊû֪Щߵض飬᲻Ĵһ׷ӡ˼䣿
Щ飬ī˵̬ǲܡҲûôȥ¡ΪЩ꣬Ǳߣʼ˸Źͨ
ڣѾǵˣ
ī֪Լٴξܾ˶Է飬ɶԷȫ׳ī뷨һһһεȻһһεӳ롣һʮʯڣѾǵʮʯ
֣Գī˵Ҳһ൱𺳵ˡһʾ˵ĲƸ
Ϊī֪ǸǱʾʯʵѾһ֧ܹóȫʯ

֧壬ЩȫƸˣ
ī֪֮൱𺳣ͬʱܸжڵʱΪ˲Ѿȥֱ˽ʣһʯͻȥΪ֧칬½֮ǮûУ
˵Դ֧Ԯǵġ
ҲΪˣһ֧壬̵ʱ䣬硣
Щȥ嵱УҲǳ˼ҫ۵ǡ
ȻߣսʿزѾսʿֱӱ뵽ͥСҲǳۣԭЩ飬˲Сѹ
Ծ֮£ͥսҲš
˵Ǳߵĳ⣬ν㡣ֱ̫ˣ
·ˣЩҲ˺ܶε½磬ͥеĺܶˣѾˡټͥеЩҲû˹ȥôǿҵĵˡЦŶǴк
Ϊ֪ù飬ʵѾǳīʹӡֻīߣų֮ͥʹߡصܡ
ңҲʲôҲǸɵġڳī֮£ѾչرԵķϰߡ署ԩͷծȥƽ޹ʵ˺ˣҲԲκεơ
̹ǧһ꣬·ˣߴͥߡ
·ϣ˺ӡ
бһۡ
˼ӣæ񣺡·档
ǵģ飬ôǫѷ
ΪǫҲа
½粻еһȺϡһȺĲǻֱ׺ҪҹŵĲ´ЬģһʿȡһǶϧ
˵½е飬Ҳһڶһıһһ
Ȼÿһ½߶ʧأɿÿɱһ֮˸߲ҵģеĺĸо
½Ⱥ顭һȺӣ
ѾȺ½ΨһĿ
ʲôġۻġ΢顣
죬˵ôǼҵڣ˵ͣ
ЩεĵͷǰҲԸ
ô½簹ࣿбˣһҿǶ浫Ҳı顣
ͳ·ίĿˡԭΪһĺò£ŷ֣һܼаĲ°
ǱߣǱһ²ñӣôζû̸һ飬һչûУǰ²ʲô½ͥߣûʲô̫ΪǡֻÿһˣͥеϷ䣬ǻǺõġܵģÿһΣǶ֪޹£ò
ǲǣ棬ǲطҪ˵һΣͰǶ⣬ͱǻȥˡ·˵
Ҳһĵͷ
˾ģһαûС
ӣҲѾܹˡ
ǱߣЩڲһֱкܴ顣
ڵȵļȻҲԤϵĵõ֧֡ǼĴжû뵽ǣһΣڲǿҵķ
ַԵˣһ˽һˡ˵ʱѹסʱˣ糹ױԽԽôʱпܻǿҵڧ
ʱ־ԵĴУҲδܳѹס
˵ڻûڲɱ·ʹߣԺ˭˵׼أټһǱ߶סˡôһùǿ϶ˡ
ԣ·ҲãҲãϣīֱӷ⣡
ǿɾ˳µĿȫõļڲָˡ


1945 һƱģ
Ħ°ͣʵڲڿ϶ìذɣ
·໥һۣȻͬʱͷǡ
¶ʵûʲôģûìܾ͹ˣ
սһϵѾԸϵƽˡиһֱûжƺҲڵȴ
һûнչĻôսҪˡЩ˵
ô½磬ĲмϤٵ˽⣬ٵڵеϲ
ȷеϲˣζǿľΰ䣬֮һЩĶ磬˲һ㲻֮⡣ʣµһУҪʻܶ౶
ʵһܺúܺõ簡
Ц˵ððսҪ𣿺үѾ̫ûɱأţӦ˵ү̫ûɱء˵ͳ·ɨɨȥͲû˵һ䣬˭үүһ
ͳ·һֱӴӺˡ
ܿ죬˳īס
ƽī칫һûҪ飬͡
ͳ·Ҳĳˣǧÿһ˹ҪͣʮꡣԣϵҲֱǽȥ
һεȽϺãֱӼڰ칫ĳīʱ˹һȾǺܶ꣬ҲīһΡȻҲÿιͣʮˡ
īǵͷȻеľڡ
棬¼˵Ƭ֮صΧЩһЩ쳣
Դ֪Ǹط֮󣬳īԶȻ޾ңԶľ룬۲һһ
īĸоǸطǳȷǿžܡͻƵĹؼ
ǵģͻƣ
嫵Ĵ磬¹ܶôǿ飬ǿīֵõϿɣΪ۵飬ľ磬ҲǴ档־磬ĵͷһҲûǰ·ˡ
īȴЩаʼǱ֣֮·ֹĹ۵ˡ
ֲΣԶյ㡣
Щǽ磬ҲδľȫҪһ㲻硣ǲ㲻࣬Լ
ǽѹ֮ϵĸ㲻ࣿ
ԣЩȫʧˡû֪ȥĶ
ī²⣬ǻȥѰͻƵ;ȥˣ
Ҳֻеֲε飬ŻָоǷ㣬ĲҪִŵ׷ʿ־磬׷ģǸߣ
ǵģûߣֻиߡ
ڳīǸ֮أпŹµܡ
һиݵֱ
ԣЩһֱ˼Ǹط
ͳ·վǣ۹۱ǱǹģҲҳųīǶһԵĸоīϵϣվ
˵һμīʱֻһսȺѪ꣬ô񳯣īѾһ۰µ
ָоᡣ
һīüͷЩַһԣϣʲô̧ͷͳ·һΣʲô
˵һ߰ľʯȻߵλá
īüһĻЦʵߣǸλãǸİɣ
Ĳ̫һش𡣵һԵĳ·ЦЦӢ
īһ۳·֪һˡЦҡҡͷ˵
šһ۳·Ȼ˵Уǧĳʸ񣬻С񹬡
īͷţһΣ˵㾧ʯȻ˲ٳʸǰɣ
ͷȻ˵ˣһΣӦѾǵļˡ
·Ȼһ˵˲ŴӦ
ŶīµĿų·ոջã·ǸˣڿĸоСӲҡڵúţ
ƺҲоʲôЩԾĿų·ȻǳīūͣǵļǵѣվǱߡЩţСһֱƢӳ嶯Ļ飬
ȴС˳·
·ųīһ̹Ȼˣ˵ﻰƲ£ǸɹˣġˣҶѾҪˣҪһΣɾɱȻֻذ߽һԣʲô走ǵҲʲǿ
ī̲ס΢΢һЦʾ˵ȥ
·˵֮ǰҹǺܶ࣬磬ҵˣҵѣҲǱǣһ֮ǰҸ׸˵һ
ų·дżֲţģȴһָͬܵĸо
˵ӣȥʵ뷨ɡ壬ûϣˡ·˵
һֱ̣죬ȻҲͬĸо˵ֳǷǳġ
ûϣˣ
κһ飬Խܵʵ
·˵Ҹ׿ս϶ҪչġΪǲľΪͨ顣ⳡսûеģ˽ġ̰ġӶһսǻʧܵġ
ɫҲƽͷȻҲͬ˵ġ
·˵ԣңһΣͱȥˡȥǾǡҵ飬ˡ
īų·ͬҲǱ塣
ĿǷô㶫Ļ֮һ·˵
ī·˼ʵԼ棬ҲЩìܡܹõ߰ʯô˵һĺ£
߰ʯֱӽﲼóһ
κ飬ûа취
ֻҪס˹棬ôǱס硣
Ϊûй棬Щǣûа취ʲô硣ôҲֻʵʵҪôҪôܳΪͨʵ
ڳīǱҲɵӣʱڽʯ֮ǰԻҪ¶ĵģ
˵ģīµǣû͵ñ
һ㶼ţϣ̫ˣһ⣬ô磬ͻ⡣
ʱ򣬳·ϣֱóһľСˣȻϥ£С˸߸߾Ҳ˵
īĿСϣ϶ʱ¶֮ɫ⡭
·˵ֻҪ˲պ󱳸Щ£Ϳ
īĿ⣬ľСϣ˺ܳʱ䡣ҲĬ˺ܳʱ䡣
ľСˣŻмֲִڣ¡ҲûɢʲôǿϢžһѧͽ֮ûеȥһƬģ
ǳīȴǳСʲôܻɣ·һǴĵõⶫġ
֮󣬳īЦҲգǾ͸һƱģ


1946 Ϊ
·ϣʱ¶ϲ֮ɫоһᣬľСˣѾ䵽˳īС
ǴŪⶫģīʵ
·˵ҵҵģⶫ˵ǳµһ磬ΪûʲôãͱʹʹȥģҵߣѾû˼ǵˡ˼ǵҲûϵΪ뵽
īͷȻ˵ãǻȥ壬˵ҴӦˣ
һųīˣҲȥ
īĪ
ЩɵĿųīˣͲһȥ
¡ī˵ȥ֮һΣͲҪų·ٹˡ
ΪΪʲôȻ㹻ϻۣһ̣ЩãȻ
·ٺһЦǱأͷͰеΣƵȥͺˡ
أĿų·
·ЦɵӣĴѵ㲻֪Ұⶫó֮󣬻صȥ𣿡
ǡĸǡȻЩԽʵ
·ȻҪ壬óīӲĺ߰ʯΪˣԼļ˺Ѷˣ
ҵҽڣһЩֱӸһġ·ɫ˵ЩˣҲеĺĽײ㣬õǵġ
ǣΪʲôų·ȥҲڡ
˵ҲڳԼļ尡
ջû˵ڡ
·˵㲻ףԶӦԶ硣ôⳡսͱȻҪʱˣҵˣʵ׵ҪùģΪǵϣѾ̸ɵӡˣɵãȻΪʲôɴһƱأΪʲôҪɱȺκηأȥͱˣܼ򵥣㵽ʱ˵ʲô֪ܰôȻ
·һûȥī˵ʤˣԹ߰ˡûʧ
˶סˣʶĿһ۳īȴīûκβ졣Ŀų·Ϊʲô
һΣ·ûٻش
һԵĳī̲סһȻ󵭵˵ɵѾͷΪ㡣
һˣˡ
ǰ˸飬ʲô
Ȼϻۣ·֮ȴ̫ˣ
ͳ·άˣСһ𳤴󣬱˴˼ĸ񡣺άǼ֮󣬱ڼ档ԭ飬ʣ³·ôһֱϦദһ
ڸ鷽еһֱûиоʵ·ϲġīȴѾˡ
֮ԵƣΪʵִ̫һ㣬ˣȻûиӦī·һ£ԺôǾҪԼˡ
·ϣе㲻˼һ˫ȴȴûзīĻĬˡ
ɫһһ㣬һΡȻЩȥ·Ϊʲôأ
·ǳ˳飬˵ңҲ֪ô˵ʵ֪һֱϲ
ˣȻ̧ͷȻɫ糺죬ȴʮִ󵨵Ķų·ֵ·Щ˼ˡ
īһµĿŮͦ˼ġ
ôˣôˣ˾ˣʵʲôʱ򣬶̫ĸı䡣˭˵ͱһˣǸǺ
ų·˵ң֮ǰЩʱֳ׽ΪΪע⡣ȴӣһֱ죬Ϊңֻ֮ĸ顭
ҡҲǡ·Ŀڲʵ˿̣ȴͻȻò˵ˡ
ȻһЦȻߵ·ǰ῿˵Ҳϲġ
·ӶЩģһЩ֣ڻ˵ԣһҪԼΪ㣬ҲΪҡ
ִ֮£ûܹ·ĻϣܹƽϧΪһߣҲҪŬȫԼİŮˡ
ǳī콫¸ˣԶ˵뷨
īˣһ̾컯ŪˣȺ߸ϵ飬ܹжĳɼܹŽ磬ֵֵֺز
ûԵĸӣ絽ʲôʱ򣬶׵ֹͣ
壬壬Щͷһ壬ͬ¹һ롣ΪǿЩ飬Ӧ硣ӦӵͲࡣ
ī̾һ˵ȥɣǷˣ͵û
·ıȻ̧ͷ¸ҵĸīӣôĲΪԼҲ˵Լһôΰˣ٣ҵУҲǷǣҲƶѾСˣʲôǶԵģʲôǴ£ΪģƵ顣ʵΪġҲЩ顣ǲģҲԶмҡ£ҽκ·һԶһߵ֡ûϵ٣ϣҽ飬ڽ˸һС
īЦʵ˵·е棬е塣ʵϣϸ룬Լֺγأ
Ϊʷʤдģ
һս½ʤˣô·һӢۣһΪ磬޴ΰӢۡ
ʤ壬ô·Щ飬ǴشġԶվھԹĽǶ顣ΪͽΪ壬ˣ
˵ܶʱ򣬿ĽǶȲһӪһõĴ𰸣Ҳȫͬġ
ԣīų·˵Σ㶼½ĿӢۡ
·ٺһЦҲֵˣ
󣬳·ֱӴȥ
īվʮ֮ͥ⣬Ŀȥ
ʱһΣֹȥ꣬д壬֮ߵء
ͥȥ˴ʿǰǱӭӡ
ϣûйļء
ΪһܵĽףҲһעˣ½糹׷Ľס
Ǳߣֱ˴ĳϼʿ
һεĽףȫ⼸ߣӲѹеľһеġ
ԣǵϣͬž޴ѹ
ӳ̶ȣҲͿ֪ˡ
壬һһٶ顣ЩˣȫǱλȨصĴȻļ϶ûг棬ǵĴˣȫˡ
أôҪ飬ѵɱнӵôһŶĳϣһ߻ӭˡһĨĹâ
Ǻġ
һĳϣֱüһߵĳ·˵ô꣬ÿǹִ


1947 ķŭ
·΢΢һ漴˵ӦϾ͹ˡûȥʲô˵ڲҲ֪жά˴ģ˳ۡ˼ҵūͣЩ˵УˣҲǸ߸ϵ飡
һ½ۣĸҰǵūͲɣǲô
ָٹ̵ĹͲʱܹĥġ
ʱһĳ˵ˣ˵ɣιǵ޽Լġ
޽Լӵ޽Լô˵벻һ½ۣĸּӣһȺˣһ
ʱ򣬶ħ˵λѣⲻѾôӭô
ʲôĳϺĺǳ⣬һ˫ħɨһȦ˵ս⻹ͦǿġʵ㣬ҾǷԸǺˣû취ǱҪ¡ȻĻߣ
ϺǿƣҲܰôˣԼĵ뷨ȫ˼˵ĸܡ
·ϵЦݶЩӲһǱߵջǸˡ֮ǰѾѸԵļˣֶθغˡ
˵УҲкܶڼǵһһҲܲס·ԱǳǿҪźۼ£ûôѡ
Ҳȷû뵽·ôĵӡ벻ǵĸĸˣȻҲеӸһϣ
ʵԭ򣬲Ҫġ
񣬵ȷ̫ˡ֪½ûôȴȻ½ӡ
ħϣ¶һĨЦݣͷ˵֮ǿҸطһ¡һܴ
ħԵЩˣҲȫЩ֮ǰīҲȫˡ
ħֲִ֪粻֮ˣôҲԶԷˡ
ĳϷһмЦȻбħ㣿
ʱ򣬴󹫼ȻȺ˵ôܿ񣿡
һֻҹɫ˲úѿôʲô޶ܻѵǵͥ棬ֶ
ǱߵĶ峤ϣڿ󹫼֮ϵı飬ҲЩѿ
磬ͲʲôƽȡȻĻһ֧ΪʲôԳīмЩеĳԱ֪粻֮ȫͥԳīмͶصģ
Ϊʲô
Ϊ磬ʵһֱӵģ
֮Ĺϵпɣھˮˮ͡ӣȻǸٹ̵ģ
ԣȺĳϿӭǵĶ鵱УһֱֻǶһĪ裡
ϵϣ̲סüͷ
󹫼ȴûη壬Ҳû¶ί飬ֻǵ˵壬Ǻųƹƽ顣үǼʶˡơǿҡβͣ
󹫼˵ΪǾԸ̸飡һֱѣıѣռүӣӦֱӰǶҲҪУһҪģΪԼ˭
ôϵޱɭ
˵˭ħԣֱվϿŴдŨŨս⣬ųĳϣϲΪʲôûŵķݶ
󣬴ҲȺ˳ȷûҡβͣۿߵĳ峤ϵˡ
кӣǳĲ̸԰ɣĳϼֱҪˣ
īûӭǣѾǸоԼܵĪ衣񿴼ӪУô壬ֱԽܡ
Ϊ½ǵһּ衣
ҲãҲɡվˣ
ԣ̣ǳĳϣǶĳϣĳϣǵУȫϣǸżӵĳ۸ϽȻģӣȻֱӴ뿪
Ȼгһգ繹ܺãһҪҸᣬЩĶȫһĸɱ⣬ܽ⿪ͷŭ
·ˣʱԳ棬Ȱ衣ͼաȴͶĳϸһ١
ĳüų·һȥ˵ķݶ𣿡
ĳϿһ֮ˡʵ㣬ܼôŵǵģǲܻӭˡ
ίһ죬ȴû˵ʲôֻУֱΣּ˼֡ͬʱаǶ壡壡
󹫼ʹȫһվֺģߵһȺٴα
ʱ򣬴ңԶķһ
ƺƵа֮ڣ
˵Ⱥǳ·Щ
ʶīô꣬ûмīų
ħЩˣʵҲûΪһֱīܼءûаڹʲô۵ļӺųЩīϵϺվʵϣīҲų
һΣʷǰĵһΣ
ǰʿеɢɭϢߣ൱롣һǿƣ
м䣬һ൱ӵսɰţ
ȫ壬Ѫͳһ磬ҲѾ˴Σ
궼Ϊ飬ȴ½ĸԸΪ
ɫ죬һۼףͬɡ˱ըԵ
Ⱥǣһ۾Щֱͬʱеǹŭʤ
Ϊο壬Щ壬ϾҲһͬΪ顣ȴڸ
ĳҧ벻ǵ֧壬ȻѾ䵽ֵزˣ˿ɱ̾
Ǳߵĳϵ˵һ𾴣Զᶮ
ʲôϣ˿Ѿѹֵһ̶ȣƺʱܻᱬԵЩˣȫڲϵǡ
ǶߵĸⲢͬϵ
ʱһʿ뻮һͣ¡
ŵĹսҲͣСֳʱһƬ
ߵȺһ̣Ҳ̲סʶı͡
ǵУָеޱȵıŭ
һ½ۣǰڳּӣǾȻáеˣ
ĳϼҪǱߵսУһʹߺڣ
ǳī
·Уһ̣ʱ˿
Ǻˣǰȫˣ
Ժô֪ڣȴѾȫˡ
ۣ·ڡ
·ˣʱǰս
һĻó峤ϵ˺޵ҧгݣüֱǼŲң̫ˣ


1948 ໥
ˣʼӰɡսУīƽ
̫ˣĳŭˣֱӴһȻǳī㵱ԼһʲôΪԼˣˣѵ³û𣿡
ĳҲ˵ԼҿҲûбҪ޽ˣǸԻȥ׼սɡ
ҿԡ
仰Ǵսдġ
һ仰ûóλϼŭ˷ֵ侲
ĳɭȻʲô˼
ʲô˼Ҿʲô˼սУīƽǿЩʮ㣬ΪʲôҪǺѵܸôһֱǳģȴû뵽ԭǾȻ˵ĲԸǾذɣһæ
ǿƣ
ʱ򣬳īչֳǿƣߵ˺޵ֱȴеðġ
ͻȻ뵽ǰһֱ˷ǱߣȻûеõǱи½ϵ֤ݡͬǱߣͬҲ֪°
Ȼܲµʵû֤ݵģ
ߵĴ侲ĳϣº͵Ŀһ۳·˵һ䣺ǲ
·һĪı飬ƺԼͲˡ
ʱսеĳīȴֱ˵ûгǲԸǺ飬·㲻ʵ
ҡҡ·һԩı顣
ĳ˵Ժ㣡
·¶м֮飬ȴЦңţҾ֪Լôģ
ˣʼɣѶùսУī˵
ĳ˵㲻ô֪ǲģ
ڻң
սУȻͷųһɿֲƣƣͬһ
ֱָĳϡ
ңĳϴǳһ䣬ֱӳ֡
УȻ䴫һ죡
󣬳ĳϽ˺ܶಽһ죬¶ֲ˼ɫ
벻ԷȻƾһϢܽˣֱš
Ҳһ־½ۣ治ô
֮ǰô˴ԣ˵۷ǳǿЩ˵ĴҲǲԸܵġڴ˿̣Щˡ
ʱսУīĺǳ⣺ʲôҸô˵
ĳֱˣһĨãȻȷԷڶ˵һŵĵڸ˵
ڲݣҲǽڼʹϵǸλȨص飡ţȹ١ֶĴڣҲû˵
ԣĳһ˲䣬ŭˣ
ڸ˭˵սУīǳͷ繹ϣҾ֮һ㡭ʲôһһ½ۣ½ۣ߹𣿡
ϵɵˣЩˣҲȫɵˡ
·Ƕڳ鴤ǲ֪īҪʲôĻĻ᳹׵׵ıīԻס
۰ϷݵģֱȷŰЩĴǸ̫ˣ
·ԳīͶصġ
ĳţ˵ʲôΪԺܹΪ֮һ
ûɵ̶ֳȣĻ˵
Ϊһ˵ˣӰ̫ˣ
Լ϶޷޽ˡ
ʵϣȺ壬ʵҲôϣսܹѪеĽ׮鷳˵Ҳ󻯡ǲˬģΪȴҪһȺ½̸С
Ȼ½Щ飬ֱ񣬶һҶţֱ̫ˣ
ѵǲ֪ʲôݵλѵǲǵĴ
ЩеĴ￴һֺƣȴϴЩ˸ϡã
ѹ½磬ȴ̸еĹУһֱռű
ָобƲ
ԣҲûԼĵ޽˵ĻīĳΪ֮һһĳ棿
٣繹֮ǻ޷ֹīߵλã
ΪߣȻ̫ˣ
ԣīһǳ⣬Ȼó峤Щˣȫ޻˵
ʱ򣬻ǳ·վЦλǰˣⲻһ𣿴ҶǸôôֻҪˣӽԺ󣬾ͿԺƽˣѵô
ĳһȻ˵ȻδΪ֮һڣǰɣⳡԼ涼¶Ҳʰɣ
վƽΪìܼȥĻôҪɢˡ
ֽҲȺܹеġֻһ£ǸϽȻˣ
Ҳֶ
ֱʱӵսУŻģ߳һˡ
ϵѹ̫ǿˣɢĹâҫ顣
ƣƽĶۣĳϵȷǵһμУҲһ˿ʡ벻һ½ۣϾȻܳϢǱݵġ
Σǳݵۣջǳǣ
ôһ룬ĳϣеַŭȻֵʧ˺ܶࡣ
ϣ¶ЦݣȻ˵ܺãڣۿʼİɡԣ
˵ţĳϣֱӼһŷּ
Ƿּչ¶磬Ϊһ䡣ΥʲôĴڣ϶Ҫٵġ
īһǷֱּ˵
ȷġĳϲ˲˵
ǷģǲҶô˵âУīƽ
ĳ壬Ӳ飡
ǺǡâУīЦˣ壬ҲӲ顣
㡭ĳϱòһѪ³˵˭֪尡ͬҲ塭ǲ˽Լ𣿲飿ڸʲô
ۿҪʱ򣬶ĳ˵ɣǰԴֱӽ·ܿ԰ɣ
īҡͷŲǣǵˣҵˣ
ǲѾƿ𣿡ĳ˵ҪǸΥ㣬ɱǾǣ
ͳ·ϣôɱ㣿
Ҳûʲôһ󵨵뷨ȻǱѣǻ米ĸһˡ
ʱ򣬳īȴҡͷУСһôϸ͸¶ǱߵϢŲǡǰԴ֮СȻҷģܿ˰ɣ
ȻĳЩȻЩףΪǸոռʶīǿֿѹīţ˿ȫʧˡ
ʽ˵ȴҲõһְ취ˡΪûиõġ
Ǳߵĳ·ȫǳж֪ī⻹ҪθԼȥ
ҲСǣ
·ֱ˵ɣҸվм䡣


1949 ·ľ
īһ̾·Ƴ嶯³çļһ˽ʱһͬ߸ϡϤ֮󣬲ܷ֣Ĺ棬ͬҲһѪҹŵȳ֮ˡ
ңڲڳ嶯֮£ǿ侲ϸǵġ
ԸԼ⡣ǿнԼǣĽһߵȺˣ׵ĸˣ
ܼ򵥣ī̬ļ
ȻĻһ˵У˭֪᲻Ȼϵأ
ƽ￴ȥһŮӣڴ˿̣ȴóǡһ侲ĵͷ˵Ҹ·Դվмɡ
Ҳ˲˳·⣡
ò˵ΰ
˳·ĸ֮˶ʻҿ飬Ҳǰˡ
߳ĳϼҲڷһСжų·İɣǲĹ͡
·ͷⶼӦġ
߳塢Ͷϣ߰ʯֱȡ˵棬ȻŽ˳·Ĵ﷨С
УĳϣƤӶֱϵı鶼ޱȡ
˫ʼȥ
ʱ򣬳·ȴһѳֱӻһâųīǱֱӷ˹ȥ
ȻҪ뵽ӪУôñĸӳһɣ
۾ʹޣ˵ȻһСĴ
Ȼݵ£ɶ˵ȴһ֮ˡ·óīܲˣô罫ȫԼϺˣ
֮ǰ·԰ȫ壬װ˵ǸС磬ҲԼϣ
ҪΪԼڵ˺ͰˣеһУԼϣ
ң֪ǣ·Ϸķǳ㣡
ֱӽԼЩˣļˣȫӡסˣ
ôӡסģνˡ
ʱ򣬾˶֪ô£Ҳ޷ȥָļˣԼ·ļˣ
Ǳ߳ĳϣų·˲֣ǽӡˣȻųīǱ߳ȥȻʶԾŭţֱӳų·ˣ
Ǳߵ峤ϺͶ峤ϣһȺĴȫˣǵٶȴų·ֱӳܶ˺ԥľͳˣ
ӣңĳһŭ
·ľ磬ͬߣ
ĵ£Ⱥ񣬸ֻĿų·嵽īĽǰȻץϥأҳ·ԸͶ磬ֽ߰ϣ
·һ˵ţһߴīˣϷ
ī¶һ˿Цų·кοࣿ
·˵޵޵Ȼ½Ϊ֮Դ磬Ϊֱ¡ν磬ȥҲ֪ôģѾһľ档ϧеЩ֮񣬾ȻѣҲûһ㷴˼ͷҿʹϡϣܹҵͶϣ
·ʱֳߵ˵Բϲ㣬Ѿļ˺ҵļˣȫӡѾû·ˣ
У¶һĨ顣
·ĴҪǧҪ
ȴһЦų·˵ɵϣαؿңҵǸһģ㽫ҵļҲãǴӴ˺󣬾ˣҲҪصǸƵȥˣ
ҲϷˣȴǳ·Ҫġ
һĿų·ɵϣ㲻±ϵΪʲôҪ£ʲô飬δҪʲôһűǣ
·¶Цȴӿۡ
ǱߵĴǶˣ
īۣҪʲô
㲻ã
ȻƱ֮
̫޳ˣ
ۡģĳһȡ
īһ޹Ŀųĳϣģʲôģ
ۡѵҪ忪սɣĳϴ˿̿īȺ˵Ŀ⣬ѾɭȻԸӵĵز
ЩĴҲȫҪˣ
ڣûŪǳ·󵹸꣬ԭ֮õһı
ֳϿƺ󵹸ĿԸһЩǳȻûбֳ̫飬Ϊˣ¿ȥǳ󵹸ġ
ڳ·쵰϶һͽѾȥ֤ʲôˡ
Ȼ׼ĽԼļ˻ļȫסˣ
Ѿ׼ˣҪͶīˣ
ôסԼļ˺ļ˵ģͷںܶԺѸٵĹһ顣ǾͲȥˡ
Ϊ·ȷҲѾûˡ
ĳϿųīҧгݵĵīǲǡѹͲ
ѽīͷһ̹Ȼı顣
㡭ĳϣûס۵һһѪ
ǽɫͬŵĻƽһѪƯУɢ޾ܡ
ѪҺ
ӵĪܡ
󹫼Ǳ˵ϣѪѽҩƣԲԣ
ޣֱһȻһ
ĳ϶ˣӶЩǿҪˡڲ½Ⱥ鵽ǲǸ·ͺıõģУѾߵˡ
ʱĳϣ侲һųīۣȻ߳˲ФӵܣΪһۣʧݰɣ
īϣ˵Ҹ죿
ʲô˼ĳѵҪʳԣ
˵ʲôīϣҷ𣿡
ĳɭȻʵ˼ǲǾ׼ǿռ߰ʯȻҲ
īͷǵİӵġ
һٶĴ˿ȫ̲סҧгݵĿųīߵˣȻĳϳ˵ãī壬סˡ
ǡīǣһЦ߰ɣûߵˣѾĦȭƣٲߣ⣬ɱûǡ
ӵ˵ɱǣʵǱǣлֻءӦǲƵ統Уֻصʸʧȥףжɺޣ
үҲôġһȺΪǵĶԳ顣Ϊˣ󹫼Цų
ĳϻ˵ʲôȴϸסȻȺĴȫޱȲʵĳ֮߷롣
Ǻһεǳʧˡ
ҳī̬Ҳԣԭǲǵ޽Լġ
һΣ壬һͷ


1950 л
ǱߵȺһɥıӰͥߵȫر޵ĸоˬ죬޷ݵġ
ʱ򣬴󹫼ʵЩ¼ûа
ȺУһŮº͵ţ¼ˡ
ǱѾԶУк̲ܶסͣ½Ų
󹫼Ҳǣ˵¼ͺãһҲҪԣȺһﴹͷɥ޿κεӣţһҪ⻭¼̫ˣ룬ڷ棬ҪշѵĻ˲ͷ
Ǳˣȫһġ
ü˱Ѫˡ
Ѿ½ķʲôˣǿǣδʱҲԽΪⶫȷʵ
ȴֻûзöã
½ж飿ƣ
ǽȴҪݵеÿһȥֱڷĳǵĶ⣡
ܹ뵽Щĵ΢½飬Щô˵
㿴Ǿô׳һ
Щôǵˣת
ЦЩ̫޴ˣ
ܹ뵽Ļˡ
Ůٴδ˵İɣҸ˺öרŵдء
дʲô󹫼۾ԶеЩˣȻʵ
ͥȫãֻʵ̫ˣ
ȺƺҲԸϴ󹫼͵νдǵĻ棬Կϵÿһ飬һϸ΢ı鶼ᱻŹŶ
ԭǸɵѪĻ¼ûУ󹫼ʵ
ţȫ¼ˣ
ۣ
Ǳߵĳ峤ϣ̲סٴһѪ̲סȺ顭Ҹû꣡
󹫼ЦųǱߴ˸ม
ͥȫһı顣
Ӷ̲ס˵󹫼ҪѵĻһӴ㡣
󹫼¸ЦȻ˵ˣ϶óһٴ͵ģ
Ǳߵеˣ˳ͨ뿪硣
Ҳ徻һ㡣
ͥˣЦŻع顣
Ȼ֪ĺʲôȴ޷˵ģûһԥȥˡ
Ϊȫ磡
ȫеһУ
磿ǹ磬ҪĽôųīҲãͥеҲãȫܾ飬Ҳܾ
ҪôѰԴˣ
ϣǺܶġ
ɹ磬ҪٵģһһޱʻõĴ磡
ϢˡôľžޣӵȻݵλеЩУһȺԱԥ϶ѡ
˭İ
˭Ը⣿
ֺ統УҲûԸҵǵĻ
īᣡҲᣡͥеЩڡӦ
ͥȺ˵Ļع飬£ڿʼڷϴ
һ˲䣬ͳըˣ
ҿʲô
ţȻᷢ飿
񡭡Щ飿
鵱еһԱԴȻֱӱˣ
۵̬ȣ̫ǿˣ̫ˣ̫ϲ˰
£ôҿǳ۸Ǹ·ʿ֮ѾԼõ飡
Ų񡭡ȴܹо۸ûҪǵ޽ԼȻҲΪֱ˺Э顣
̫Цˣѵһ˿Щͬ˵һı𣿡
ֵܣǶˣЦѾûֻظˣǵģûõǡţ
磬ը˲ͷˣը˹һ
磬ͬ¼ûγɴ칬½УƵ飬ȫ䶯ˡ
Ļ棬ǴͥٷǱֱӷģҲ˵ͥһǿʵϵ飬ͥԶǸһģۡҲԶǵĳۣ
ᱳѣ
ͥһεĴԴڹķȹ֮ϡҪķֱӽһ޷Ƶıݣ
ֱӵõ֧֡
磬ҪĵطʵǹֻҪסôЩжôֲûκ塣
īóֱӽﲼĻ洫˳ȥ
ڲĹУԵߡĴͥеһڶһ֣ͬ
һ׵ĴҲǰδеġ
ڲ֮ǰīֱﻭĳһ˵һ䣺һл壡
ǱߣŷŰЩ飬˲ȫЦˡ֪жķŰ嶼ΪЦ̫ûס˵ˤˡбˮġϿˮġָ
ˣ棬һҪ⳥Ű
磬Ҳ˱ޱȻ֡
ī󣬷ǳ֣صĸǽ˳·¡лǵĸ
Ϊˣ·ҲǲǱߵôˡνˡѾЩһΪһԱ
ǺҸ
Ҳ͹ˣ
ڳ·˵ЩˣĿǰ˵ȶ֮ǰ֪ӵѡʱʵҲûбֵ̫ȡȻ˷ն·˵ˡ
˵ɺܼ򵥣ɹˣʤˡ˵Щˣ嵱УҲʲô
ΪڲԵ̫ˣ
ʱһɹЩԵˣȥϴϵ鷳Ҫǵ鷳ȴ׾١
󣬳·ˣչֳľģ˵ǸԵס
Щ飬һΪ½һǳܵ硣֮ȴ֣ԭûͲ֮⣬ҲͿеľŨȲ硣ʣµġĺѷɫ磡
ΪĴڣ磬Ҫ̫ˣ
·Щǣȫ˷硣ոѧôʹ÷ŰǣֱԵ߲ݵĵز
Դˣ·Ҳܿġ
ī˽ܸ֮漴ʼ
ⳡ粨ǶѡԶԳ·ˣ̬Ⱥõ¡ⲻ־ͬϵĵѣܹ춯شµ˰
߰ľʯ˵ʵǶŵˡ
뵽磬ǽһ֧ȫԴóˡҲ
СһīһӲĴƭ߰ʯ
ԭҪβùøӼ̣ڣ߰ʯڿԲõˡ
ţл壡


1951 ѹֵ
Ƶ硣
С
һȺ˵Ļع飬ǳһʱ֮Ȼһŭ
ī̫
УȫĪһ𾪵̧ͷա
Ƕŭ˭
ϴϣ
һƶƽ½磬ҪȨԼУΪıϣ
ֻǣ׷ʲô
˶ܳԾ
ʵУȫĵճӵܡҲ鶼ʸ֪
˵ڵǼ֮󣬾һֱڼҵĶά
ЩȻۣȴʲôȻжȴʲô
е飬ǳ׸޹һ
ÿԼԺ㲻ֹͣˡΪûԴ֪Ӧ
ķȻաҲͨķԼΪ̫ˣûбʱ˵ڡ
ΪеĺĵճӵܣάСӵԴЩͨ˵ݳ޵ľʯ˵ȴʲô
ȻϣҲûй̫ľʯȴһֱûжϹÿһʱ䣬Ϳȥⷿȡһ֣
ڣЩȫûˡ
öȣЩѾԶȥ
Ѿܾúܾöûˡ
һߵŭ˲䣬ά΢΢һȻüͷ˼
ԼԺȴûܷͷԺ˼ά
άԭһһˡ
ԣϵŭ֮󣬶άתǴϻ۵ͷԣ̵ʱڣѾ׷ʲô
˵ԺάЦӺС󣬵󣬱ɿЦ
һֱЦ˺ܳʱ䣬ЦˮάֱϣҲĨȥԼϵᣬ૵ԭΪⱲҶûκλˡڿƺҵĻᣬء·֪֪ʵһֱء
άϣ¶һĨЦݣЩ굱УǡһΣһҲ˹һ仰˵ԭңҲһ㡣ǣǼ£ҶԲǡǾһ֮鶼𣿺ܺããǴСһ𳤴޼䡣ڣȴҳˡһΡҶάĻᣬҵҪܺõȥ
άȻ֪巢ʲô̫ˣһӾ뵽ˣʼϴһߵġŭī̫˵֮ⳡ̸Уڳ˴
ôĿܣǳīֱЩԴȻ󣬳׸߱ˣ
Щά뵽뵽ͳ·ˣһ¼֮˵ܿͻһʧˡ
Щ꣬ά鲻֪Ǻڲϵֲġ
Ϊ飬ס
ά߽䣬Ȼ󻻺Լõһ·žӣһԼݡĵͷ
ţõһ̣
񹬣´С
λˣˣļ˿ȫޱ飬Уƺ̲޾ΣϢ
ףŵϣϵɫһƬࡣؿȻھҵţǰ·ϣմȾŴƬĽɫѪ
ڸոһŭֱ֮ӱѪˡ
´УվλУͰ˸ոմ½Ⱥˡ
Ϊ׵ĳ峤ϣһŭ˵īǱߣûҪǺûΪ·ǧеͽ͸ī֮õģȻĻ£ɺϵֵز
ϵͷڹ·ϣǾѾ˼¡ȷɺϵ̫ˡôжϵġ
ʱϴֱһ֣ɳжˣҲ÷ˡ£ҵĴһеεȫΡ
ϴϹﲻͬҲһеˣԼһ£ôûнԵ
ľԭѾûбҪȥˡͳ·Ǳߣôϵ½ͲƵ֮䣬˼ϳ˶ҡҲ
׷ԭѾûˡΪӣѾǵȫˣֱ
˵ԺԺй½һ죬ҲŹǾˡ
ԣûʲô˵ġ
ϣԴϻĴ澴ηģô˵͡
ϣɾûô˵ˡ˵ΣȻҪеģЩ룬ҲҪڵ˵ˡ˵Ƕ嵱Ŷά֮һֱڼңʵ֤ôǶԵġ
δ䣬λϵĶȻˣʲôʱͬΪǲԵġΪûɣȫ̷е顣
ϴ̾˿еĹһ˵ģԸڵһУݡλԴеһУ
˵ţվתͷλϵ˵ҲĴϣӴ˺ֻһͨԱԸһеǲ
ôĳ˵˾޴ʧô
ϴϵһۣߣϵƣɢˣһɢ˭ܳܵġ
ոճԹīƿĳ峤ϣֱӿ˷һĿϴϡ
һ̣ĳϱԼϻģΪϴϲûͷųκһƽĿãӦܵĴ
ĳϵʱǰӦܵĳͷأӦ𣿺ڡΪϵͬҲΪ塣ҪʧҪСĴۣȥȡʤ
Ȼʧôྦྷʯأ
սһ飬Ƕʧһսǿ飬ҪĶԴپʯ
ĳϣ̲סĿͶЩˡϣܹõԮ
Ϊ֮ǰ嵱УϺֱԹص֤ˣǼˡڲӦʹˮĺʱΪʲôǶ˵أѵһ˻
ĳϣҲЩˡ
ʱԵĳϣ̾ϢһȻ˰ɣأ
仰ͬඥһ㡣ͬһڳĳԺСˣ
ΪʲôЩ˶֨
ΪѾеĹԼϣ
Լȫϣ
Щ˭֪֧ϣ飬ҲûرԵ֤ݵġ
Ϊ󣬾߰ľʯʵҲ˶ͷͬġűͬģҲͬˣ
һ뵽⣬ĳϣͻȻһֳ˲Ӭĸо
̫ˣ


1952 
£Ҳˡĳһ䣬ȻĻ˵ȥ¾ҪǣˡƷϴϣȴû취ƷǲеġôѽеζԼ֮ੲݵľ£Ǳ߻ô룿
뵽⣬ĳϺȻоԼЩ漴̾һΪս׼ȥ
˵ţֱתˡ
ǻ˾Ӧ֮ȻӦӦԡ
ļ˵սɣ
ʱ򣬴еˣʼɢȥ
ϴҲҪߣȴļסϣһߡ
ϴϳһ£ջվסȻЩεת¼ѾǴˡ
ļЦЦ壬٣ԭһң֦ͬ鱾ҲĴ½磬ûô򵥡
ϳ̾һ¶į֮ɫ
飬֪Ҳ֪Ƕ֪һЩˣЩ˶ʸ֪ġңҲʸ⣬ģЩ˵˽޴Ŀֻţ
綼öȫԼڵ壬е飬ȫñ
ֽǱ̮𣬻Ҫµһ顣
ܣϵ飡
ʵϣ磬ڳȥ򣬶һ޴ء
˶иָĲ²⣬˽Ҳкۣܶʵϣû֪Щȥʲôط
Ҳ֪
ȴ֪ȥǿѹ½磬ǳɹˣ½ѹˣȻ󹹼ܳһ硣ôЩ飬ҲҪʧһ
Ǵۣ
ʵʧĳ飬ǼһȺ
һȺ飬ͬҲƵģ
ǵȥ֪һ㣬Щֱӱ³Ӹˣ
һ£һȺ飬Ϸ³ӣȻ³Ӿ˺ܳʱ䡣Ƕʱ䣬³У˺ܶʧٵĳ顣
ȫ
Ҳ˵еĳ鶼³ӾߣӴ˲ɡ
һ֣֮ǰϴϾѾ֪ʮа˾ţ½磡
½УһֲӦþһ
ֻҪһ죬ͻһ졣糹ױ򿪡ʧһֶ飬ٴ䡣
Ƕǳãȴóط䣬ǾԻһ޴ѣ
ٵݺͼ㣬ڵóһۣС¹ܳһĻôѵ飬ٺܶࡣ
Ҳ˵ۻСܶࡣ
̮֮Ǹǿδһǡ
ܹƽռ棬½еõǰī»ѵĴ棬¹硣
ôǸ磬ǽӽģ
Ҳֵƽ޹ʾôеġԭġ
ֻϧЩ飬ǲܹȥΪһЩԼȷһЩ˵ϵЩ飬ȫĪĽɣ
Լ̸ʱ򣬶Сóĸ֣Щڵ֡Ϊ޴Ĳ顣
Щ˲֪
ҲΪʲôϴϣȫһҪƽĸ½̸еķʽ¹硣ó޴棬Ҳ½翪ս
ͬҲΪʲôʣһ֧壬ôȥͬûж½չģսĸԭ
ң
֣
Ķڣȫôˣ
ıûǾ
ЩĴڣˣһ˼ˡǵ˻ֺ̿Ͳ
ǸҰֺ̿Ͳ˵
ͬң
Ϊ˵½ǸֳӲĳۣ˵ţȫȺҪ˵ȥ϶ĳЩ齫¸ȥ
˵·ֻǵС
ϴϵ棬ȫܿ࣬˵
ϣЩ˵ĻҪϣԼ涼ô¡ļϣ̾һ˵սɱ⣬ôϾͲҪˡ
ҡҡͷϹͷٵĹУҲǻһҪһ˱뵽³ȥǾɡ
ʱ򣬶ļȻ˵˵ģЩûŪҲ
Ϻͳϵļû˵꣬ͬʱҡͷļ˵ʵģǱϾеĽɣʵ̫ˣ
ļЦǰǲԸԼ壬ʵϣǸʲôֱأΪ嵱ŽɫѪҺ𣿡
еĽɫѪҺʵҲġͬϵһЩءںûˡЩ飬ԴΪ٣⵱½֮Ĳ
ˣսɣһսѾɱˡЩį˵£ż뷨ǾԲܻʵֵġ
ļЦҡҡͷˣսɣҲԼһ˵Ǿͳء
һȺ飬˵֣Ҳһֱƫƫ˿ƺһ൱顣
ܿ죬ߴϢ
壬Ҫ½磬й
ߵϢһǱߵķһ֧壬ֱɳʹߣǰ񹬣Ҫʸ
ʹ߲ûмϴЩˣֻ峤ݵˡ
ӳ峤Щ˵Ǳ֪һսѾǲɱˡȻĻֻܽ˽ˡ
飬򲻿Խܵģ
ԣǱߣҲֱӱ̬ˡԸһ𹥻½磡
ڽϯλĻ֣Ҫȥһ
ҲֱӵͷӦ
ȥ¶תת󣬻ǻصԭ㡣
վȫһ㣬Ҫ¹磬ͱÿԽһأ
ʵ䣬˵㳤
е飬̮֮ǰûʱΪͲģ
ԣ½翴ʱȥܶˡߣҲֻǾһЩ̽ûа취ͨս͵õ½޾
ôսˣ
޷Ǿϵķѡ
߳ĺ˵ǱߣƺҲܿġҲеʹ졣
Ͼ磬ռλ
˵ͦģʵϣ磬ȷЩơ
ԼҲԲŻ֮ǰ֣Ȼһ̬˶Կٴһ
һΣһҪ½糹׸ƽ
Ǹۣ
ʹǸħˣ
ƮŮۡץһҪ湻Ȼɱ
ֻӣ̫ˣ
ߣٶ׼½硣
ͬʱϣзλԼȴͬʱһط


1953 
߸ˣȫߣǲľͷ顣
½ⳡս֮ǰһƺôֵһ£ǳֵĵطȴЩͷԡ
Ϊߴ죡
ֵԭȴ統ʱ̮׵ġȱһƬ
粻ǿϺɨա
ЩǣҲ档
ǳ˵һָоƺڶʲô
ǻʲôµģ
ʵǻкܶηĶ
һս֮ǻ᲻Ჽǰǵĺ󳾣Ϊ³еһ˻֮һͬΪõ˵
ãã³ӣȫɵİɣһߣ΢Ц˵
ǲףһĿģʵΪȥһ˵
ļ˵һֱָо꣬һѾɹˡ
ܵġҡҡͷ˵ûܹȥ磬Ͳȶ֧ȥ
ʵһѭļ˵ģӦöһ½ĳۣȥٴˣ
˳Ĭһ¡
ǸЩȫһī˵ʱǵϣûκβмǼɵ֮ɫ
ļɵ
·ΪɻƵġ
̹ţҲһȥˡջʧˡ뽫磬ܾˡ𣬵ʱһͦĵġļ˵˭룬ðһۡ
˵壬ķ߰Ц
ļ˵۴ӷн磬ִн½硣ϵľʵӡ֤ԼǴķȥѵĻ뵽ǸǸ磬ľǲǸ磬շֵ֣Σ
˽ΪҸ˭֪Ŀأ̾ϢԣҶȥûжȤ硭ȴǱҪ¹ģ
ǵģڣǱҪһ㲻硣ļ˵Ψ磬лᣬĳһ죬ĽӴǸ档
Ӵȥļ˵
Ҳ롣ͬȻ໥һۡһ˵ܴӴȥôԻһʱ䣡Ǹʱ򣬲ŻΪߡڣЩǣײˡ
ǰײǵġһ˵ǻΪĴڣֻΪҪ벻ࡣ
벻ֻ࣬ķ֮⡣ļһ˫У˸⣺ֻȥǲŻɡʱ磬ΪǱͲģ
̤ǰµ·޷˵³ӵĶ԰߰ɡл߹ȥͬûУΪеһ˻٣ǶԹˣҲڡļ˵
ͨͽ飬ûܳط˵һЩҲȫصġ
ȫԼΣıԵڵ衣ûа취
ƽϣѾ
壬Ƿ壬Ƕû¡
ʧһ֧塣
˵ʵЩʱһͦĽǵġ
ȷܹȴǡļ˵
һߵ˵ǱǣȴҲԶ˵ī
ԣΪңҲšһ˵ʵҶš
ȫ˵ȴţķ磬ǿԻ㡣ĻôҲǲȱǵĺ󳾡
⣬Ѿˡ
ͷһЩԶ뵽ֻҪ棬໥ᷳӶԷܡĶȴ⡣
Ϊڶ桭ԶԶǴ޵ġ
˵ߣﶼ֮ĶԹԵζֻǲ˵ˡ֮䣬ԸԸӣǾǺˡ
ߣܿʹɢȥûһ㡣
ǲ֪ǣΪҲŰ˵ȥǸˡǣ˿ȴڳī鷿С
һ࣬ųī˵ۣм˵
Ŷīǣֱ˵ǡ
ҡҡͷﲻУ
ǡʲôطԣüͷҿΣſЦУ
īĶͷϣʱ˿˿Ƶĺߣǣʲô
һԴ͵һ顣˵ţɫȻ΢΢һ䣬漴Ц˵ˣȻĻĻ顣
ī˼ĿǣȻ˵еǰ𣿡
ҡͷɣ˵˵ʵһġ
ǡʲôط˵īٴʵ
ЩΪѵĿųīջ˵硭ҵ򣡡
īЩҲΪʲôΪˡΪָоҪ
īãûкɣ˵ƾһǣҪе㲻̫ǣߣһ˵ܽˡ
ļжأ
īüͷûԼеǡֻǿǣǳҪ
ǵͷȷǳҪΪǱ߿ܻٹ뵽硣£֮ء
ãīϣһ磡
ҪȥīʱǷЩˡΪҲе㵣ģ߸ߣʱ·Ҳ˵ˡ
ȥһûлᣬúһءī˵
ǿЦʲôεģһƬңҪˡ
ܱȵ߹ЩĴǿɡī˵
΢΢һ漴ͷǸǡ
ˣ˭ûֱ֪ͨ˳֮ߵĽڣһ·硣
ѡķλַǳصҵ£ܹӦߵصģûС
ǻǺܽ²Űѳīˡ
ã˽뵽ĵطǳıϢǡ־磬ҪСſԡ
һֱ֮Ӷųīʼ뵽統С
طǷһǳء㿴ʣµĶϱڲԫУӦûҵһӡָһƵĳУīܵ
ˣ֮䣬ʲôԹΪʲôڽѪҺһΪʲô˽磬ֳޣʧˣī⣬һֱͦġ
ҡͷֿЦųī˵£ʵһֱԼ֪ġ
Ŷī
˵Ϊ飬ʵ˵ôʡ


1954 
˵ţĿЩĳīЦΪ£ϵ
˵⣬ɫ͵һ䣬뵽ʲôס죬ҡͷ飬֪Ǿ͵ȵ˵ɡ
īҲѹǹϵġΪԼ˵ص飬ðűԼᱻΣգҲҪ뵽ΣյȥȻûа취ֵط˵ġ
īϣ¶һǸЦݡ
ʵϣոյľٶʵҲ̽
Ϊ֪ǵʲô
ʲô飬½˵ҪΣȥ˵أ
Ҳֳܹī̫Сˣֻ˵£ﵽ⣬͸һӹζ
Ҳû⣬֪ǳī̽Ҳ⡣Ϊ㻻ͬҲ˼
˲˵ǵĴ֮£һ·мۡ
졣˿˵طԭ統УҲߴˡʵ磬ͬ½磬֪ͬһ𣬱֮Ϊķ磡ķ磬һĵĽ硣ĽڣΪֹûܹԾȥ
˵˺ܶ࣬ųī̮ﻯΪһƬĻ򣬾Ҳǲȫġ۲һֱҪ֪ڳô
īͷ
˵ʵ£͹ϵһ½硣
īĿ
ǵҸո˵ķǵһ磬ⵥһ˼˵֮⣬ѾûˡȻҲΪ֮Ͳࡣ
īüң˵ֻҪȥͿԻͲࣿùʲô磿
ԣ˵ңӦʵġǰᣬȥСǿųīʵ磬һ塣
˵ţĿʵǣǴϻ۾֪֮ͬı׶˺ͻ̫ҪȥˡʵͲġ£Ҳֻ߲֪ţ磬һ֪
ī֪йġ
ǽ˵ǹı⣬Ҫķ磬ϻͲ࣬ͬʱҲ뿴絽ʲôġ
⻰ī̲סЦҿˣÿһڿ֮ǰỳźܴ㽺ϣڿ֮ȴ֣ᷢԼеȫһϣ硣
˵ÿһ۽͸ǲͬġ˵Ķԣϣ硣ԣҲŻ޷˵ģˣص½硣ʵǣӦ鹲ͬļ԰ѭֻصĹѭﾺķѭһ֮ǰĵҾӦ׷
īͷЩƿأҪƿֻأҪƿ·һûƿصͲС
ʵܶ飬ġ˵鶼ʧˡǵǺʵҲڼƵġֻܱҪ࣬Ҳơڹ֮ܳȷ֣粢覣ЩȡҪάֻ֣½磡Ĺ磡
īĬš
˵ʱ򣬷ǱȻġΪе飬ô顣˵ǳǴ½Ǹ߳ġж뿪֮תͷԼļٵģ
īͷͬǵĻġ
Ȼ󣬾ʱǽŷ֣ȡܳУһ޷ֿķ򣡡
һ
Ƿµ̫ˡûֻءôֱֻܳķ򡣡
ǿųīĳ飬³Ӹˣеģ³еһ˻³ӵĺˮеģֱʧϣȫҲټʣµٲ֣ʼ緱ܺΪǶҪһ֡
ī뵽ͨо飬ǵҪгһգǹʱ򣬿ԳȡеľѪȻԼøǿ
ԣѪҺǽɫġΪ֡ǿЦ࣬ǲǱиƣ
ī̾ϢƵǾģԣҲ̸жơ
˵ٲֳ飬º֮ҲˣųīȻǻص֮ĶԹΪĳ񣬸ʼ棬ҲǸ֮䣬һŮˡ
īʱһ
ż£ȷ̫ơ
ܻǰɣǿЦ
īͷ
˵ǸŮˣһ壬ͬҲһ飬ǿ󡣶ҷǳ֪͡˭𣿡
īǣƮ㣿
ĵͷƮħкӦǵʱҿƮ㣬ʱͱŻ֪𣿡
˵ţȡһŹϵĻȻչָī
īһҲЩΪһ֪ٵĻϣƮŮ۵ֱƮûһŴĮ̬ȥһģһ
˵ԣһֱɣƮӦþǸŮ˵ת
飬˵ī˵
ǵͷ֪ʼ˵ʼǸŮˣ˶ʧˣûãǸŮ˾ʧˣʧӰ١ʼ໥ָȻ֮䱬һսٺ˫ãֳޣֱӱ˫ڽѪҺУˣκ忴һӦ໥ӡ
īͷȻΪʲô½֮󣬾ûˣ
ǵ½ûˡ˵ΪƮ㣡뵽Ϳʼᷳˡ
īǳ˳飺δǸŮˡ
֪ʱ䳤ϣ䲻ͬĻ˵ţȻųī˵ٵݣ֪˺ܶ飬һǣԽǶɱԽ࣬ô˵ԽһѡЩһ
īͷԣһʼǧټƵҪúƽķʽΪʲôһʼ˵
ǿųī˵Ǹʱ۶ңҲûΡֵܸطֻҪκεطἰڳЩ飬䡣֮ǰûбʱ򣬻ܺЩڡѾˡ֮ǰҵһСἰ˳һЩ飬Ѿˡ
˵ţųīоǣǸеһطһɣһ
ī΢΢һƺѾ֪˵ǸطĶˡ
ǵطӦþ߿˵ģǸŴصĵط
īǡ
ǵͷһѺһĶ飡
ǣ£ǵ磬ʲôϵīʵ
˵ǵطž޴ıĵסˣ룬ȥ


1955 ײ
īͷ˵ǸطʵҲѾע⵽ˣܶǰǾһǳΣյĵطЩҲʼͨмء˵Ĳ࣬ҲҪȥ￴һʱĿǰ˵Щ̫Ǹطȷеգڹȥ˵Լаա
˵ǣǵط̫Σˡ£ҲȥǸطδ֪
˵ţǿųīڴЩ飬ϵȺ˵˼ǵߡĶ飬˵εģҪģ׷ѰʧĸԭԼͻƴķ硣߲ҪһءЩͨ壬ҪģͲࡣǲ֪̫ҲûȤ֪Щԣ£ͻһìܵ㡣Ҳֻطܸ˵¡ۿһ£ǲǴ棬ֱһЩ취Ӧⳡս
īǣⳡսǰö԰ɣ
ǿЦŵͷô˵أڵȷѾǿˡЩ飬һƴĻҿԱ֤ǾǶ֡ںþͺЩϧ̫ࡣ̫ƴ
īͷҲס
ǽ˵һ㣬۱ף糹ױԽԽôеȻø궯ʱҪôչĹҪôҲߵأ뵽ǵȻ󣬸֮䣬չճ־õսһ֣ʵ˵ǲġǿճ־õս˵Ҳһѡʱ򣬺ܴܿҶϿ塣
ţأīǣ֪ͷǷǳϻۣһԼĿġȻҲðűԼɵΣգԼ뵽Ƶ統յһƬˡ
ǿųīһ£Ȼ˵ҾãȻкܴÿռ䣬ǻǿ̸ġ
̸īһǡ
ǵͷԣ̸֮ǰϣЩ顣ʱսѹǻҪʱչϾ磬Щ̫ˡߣʱ̫ˡҪôҿߵԳƷˡڣС
īף˵Ĳ廹̫һ㡣ǵ˼ǱҲһۿɣ
飬ǻ۶ԨּҲǿٻ֡ϴ֮ǰƶ̸У֮ʧܣΪ˽īûм
Ϊ£ѾԿԴκˡԼ
˵ǻһۿҲǵ˼ڲҲһ鰡˵֮䣬֮䡭УҸո˵һȺ飬ǵ˼Щ飬ʵǲһġ
ī΢΢ü˼ǣɢȥ
ôģ˵ɢȥĻôЩͨǣһ֤ͻαĻȻ磬Ǽߡ϶Ҳǻġ
˵ţȻЦڹڳĻ⣬Ȼһɡʱ̸۵һˡ»ĻɾͲܹƵˡ
ī˵һ⡣
˵ţī˳˼С
飬д󲿷ֱ³ӵУһ˻³ӵɲ֡ȻʣµһٲȫʧˣпҲ³棬ԡҲпܣ˵Ǹ֮صУؽ档
˶ǣôȻû³ӻ̸ǵ˶ˡôܻͬһЩ޷Ԥϵ顣
˵Ǵѣ³ǷȷǲɿصˡڵƣҪΣպ͸
īȻ̧ͷǵǿ£вһ߸߰ɣ
ǳĬһ£Ȼ˵ҾãӦÿԡͬΣա
īЦûвΣյ·
˵ŵù°ɡ
īҡҡͷȥɡ
ȥǵɫųī飬ǻɱۣһ仰ǧ֮ã۵Ĵڣ綼ž޴Ӱ졣Щ˿϶˼Ҫۻɱԣ£
˵ţȻ󵭵˵٣ǺɱҲûʲô塣ҪףҪǶҪǿзⳡսôյĽֻơ
˵ţЦʵһһ⣡
ī˵Űô
ǸƴЦ۲ۣǰҲɣ
īҲЦ
Цգ˵ֻҪʱⳡսѹȻ󣬰ǲҪģߵ𣿲ߵˣǡΪǵĽڣҲסǵĴģߵءȻʱǻֳһƬ档ʱڣҲʲôҪȥǾʧȥ˲㣬Ҳô׾ġУǷŰ壡
īͷЩǣ᲻ʶһ㣿
ӦǻġȻûŰ壬ֻҪһЦ˵ԲҪвǰʵУǾһȺͼ顣ǵģھһ֧壬ǵУҲһȺͼˡνĵͼ飬˵ŵĲ´Ьġ
īЦЩ֪ʶ˽ĵǲ١
˵ĻĶ̫ࡣҲҪѧϰ
īͷ˵ĶԣǹŵĲ´Ьġˣͺƣ
̹ǧ꣬ߵء
Ǹеǣ߸ոߵأǱ½Ľ˲俪һ޴ޱȵţ
˵ţʵϣһԲĴ󶴣
͸еЩĿ·½硣
еЩǣȫеסˡ
ʲô˼
ô
½糹׷ֿ𣿡
һһ壡
϶ı
ԣı
˵ע㣬ôıˣ˲⡣
ֲˣǱЦ
ô
ʹ˭˭ѽ
̫ѹ֣ЩеȫѹֵЩǰ;δãȻÿ鶼ܽꡣ϶ֵŵġ
ˣһĳϼ￪ڣųֵЩ򣺡ֻһĿ꣡ܣȥ½볳ܣҲȥǳȥ
ЩҲԵȫ͡
ȻһȺĸ߲УۼڵıԵ¿ȥȫüҲڲ²⡣


1956 
ʱ޾ңԶ·½һߣһƽôԼߵؽҡǰŴˣǷҽˣ
ͨЩУûʲôһ壬Ⱥ߼һڸ߲ȴͬһס
ǣ
Ȼ˴֮һǣ
һ֧ɫʱֵܣ
ǣʵֵܡĹкܴ֮ͬ󣬱ԷֿӵиԵغȺ塣ƽֵСܶʱ򣬻Ϊչɱ
ֵܱϾֵܣһĸͬѪס
ǵ뿪֮ǰʵĸ͸¶뷨ȴǳˡΪԼֵܷˣΪߣȻҪ½磬һҪ½Ǹ۵¡
ֱǲģ
û뵽ǣľôˣ
ͷǣĸ
ŭ˺ܾãģټʱһҪɱҫ
û뵽ֵٴμ棬Ȼ¡
ǵٴδ洫ԥˣû壬֪һҪģٶԴҲҪ뵽硣Ƕ˷һԴȻǺõģҲγɾ޴˺ǮȴеոŪ߰ʯҲڻˡ
Ǳĸ߲һѪһԹŭ˵ʲôϵΪʲôҪǣ
һļǣ¶һĨЦȻ˵ǣ㵨ӲСȻ֣ѵͲֱѹô
Ļû˸˵Լɱͷ׺ǣǻ˵׼
ˣҪ˵߸ɡʣЩҲԸһߣ׼һƬʱܾӵءҪսǾսˣǾͶ磬ǵɡǵƽ˵Ļȴߵȫܷŭ
ǹΪҪѹ½ģô£
ߴ໥һۣȻͬʱͷ
˵̶ѨҲ¡ͬûʲôµġ
ȥϴϳ˵һˡ
ܶ˶ڶĿ⣬Ը֮ӡ
û취ϴԼҪжΣҪȫԼϣκδ
ɷߺȴ⡣ǱߵĺܶȻޱȵĲҲֻֽܽ
Ͼʱ򣬲˺սʱ
ߣҲȫͷʾͬ⣬ԼȻ½ʲôǵĴֱȥᱻơ
ߣֱ˳󶴣޾ԨһĶȥ
ǵٶȣ쵽˼顣½Ľڣ񵽲˼ĵزͬһһ㣡
ȴֻǹһĹ򣬾Ѿڣ½硣
߶ǵһ½磬½Ŀȫʶüͷ
ԶվһݵӰֵϴһĨЦݣô粻ɣ
֮⣬ߣȫһ
Ŀǣڴʲô⣿
ֵܣ˴˼˽⡣żɽǳֱӡ
ǹһЦ漴һ֣γһǿĽ磬ȻǸ󶴣Ҳֱӷˣ
Щ壬궯ߴߣȫɫ䣬ֻĿǡΪǶףǲֵͼֶǡӣȷл˵
ļ˵ô½ˣĺãҪϣ
ļ˵˼Ҳǲ̸
ļͷ֪ܸĪɡ
ǳ˳飺˰ɣΪʲôҪϣУˣǲɵģһֱᳫģɵģ԰ɣȻɵģôʲôѡ񣬹ƨ¶ΪʲôҴˣѣұ˭ˣ
㱳塣һ˵
˰ɣҲҵġ磬֮ĳӺͶˡǻǺܲϲߣԣ˵ܲ
ţ˵ҽɲҪǳܵģҪ̸
ӽ뵽½һѾûʸˡʱ򻺻ڣǣԸʶ䣬Լ飬̸ʲôĻó۹ɣ㣬ˡ
ǿȥһ㶼еĳ˵£̸ǱߣǺǣ˵ǲʸ̸һҾͲ˵ˡ
ôⲻǻ˵ô
߸ɫȫһǵҲû̫޷Ǿһ仰ˣҪǵܡ
ȻǷŭҲʱӦ÷ŭˡҪ侲ʱ߸ߣȫԼֹˮ
ǵɫȻ߸ߣǵ˼ҺأҲǷϻֱ˵ˡҪ飬ڡţǶģҶѾ˵ˡңڵǣֻҪһͷЩ飬ͽֱӴÿһ䣡
㡭ˣ˼Ŀǡ
Ҳȫס֮ǰΣܰ¸ī˵ȥҲûл͵ط˵
ǿһǣ֮ǰҴųȥһ磬ţ
⻰һ߸ߣȫĬˡ
һ̹Ȼ˵Ҫ飬ܳɹˣ½һꡣ˭ܻͿˡ½磬ҲõĻ֮᳹顣Ϊֻء
̫ˣȻһȣϵƣȻ¡Ƭնһ
ߣҲ¶ǿƵϢǶǸŭˡ
ǰ¸˳īǽܹã
˵û˻֪鴴磬Ǹ磬ΪĲǲ㣬Ҫͻƴ磬ķ磡
˵ܱһˡôĺԵģ
Ҳ˵Ƶἰĸ֣鷳ֻ˵ƵǣͶеһлڶʱںȻ̮ǻףԭν磬ǸһͲ磬ҲûʲôνͲࡣһУǼٵģ
ϵ̮Եģ
ʱм飬ᶨվһߣҪȥʲô磿
㡭вǣޱɭһ˫ۣɢſֲĹâֹ⣬ѰĴʿһֱۡӾͻ޷ܶ飡
ȴЦеĿҵֵܣ


1957 ŭߴ
˵ţҲ˵ʲôǱ˵˵ʵ飬ܾ˵ľ棬£ѾȥˣûЩǵ֧֣ЩʲôƾǼߣļϡܹ磿
ߵɫøѿֱͬһڵĶ췢ˡ
ȴǲǣ˵ԼúɣҪʲôҪ磡ҪŪ飡ƾʲô͵ôƾʲôͲܽзǾвǣѽѽӾвǣôˣҷȰһ䣬ҡǣҲһԱһΣǴ̸¡ҲΨһһΣûһεģһΣ̸ˣԼŰ죡Ҫƴһѹ磬Ҫ¾ȥܹǵʲô磬ǾɡҲǳصġΪսǿ󣬾û˿ҲǵľͿǶǻ룡
߸ɫߣ˵Ѱɣ
˵ţһ֣ͷ֮ϣǸ󶴣ٴοȻֱ˵Сǣɣû壬ǵߴߣҸɵˣ
һ
űɵˣһߺŭǳ⡣
ҲǺЦţһָԶûһƬ½ΪƬ½ʮʯǮͲˡҲлҡʵҪлĻллɡ
ôȥ
޳ܣ
ñɣ
Ҳ㱻ֱѪ
һתߣ˵ˣôԼϼưɡ
ʣ߸
ˣϴǳ鴤ţƤӶֱ
޳ܰ
Ҽǵһֱֱܹôѧ·ˣ
һ𣬵ѧö˵仰ļǸпǧ
ǣȻҲһͷıǣµķ񣬻൱ġ˵֮ǰҪѳ½磬ȻҲı󶯡̣ȴԵʮֲִڡ
ǸʱҪһ֧峹ײĻкܴġ
ڲ̲ס̾Ϣһ
һֵ̫ҪˣֱвһĻûУвתߣҪȴ߸ֱ߲Ӹ
̧ͷһͷ޴ĶȻ໥һۡ
ô죿
ʱ򣬲ЩôԼ˵ȥˡ
ΪԭҪѹ½İ
˼Ŷˣǲҽˣǻѹʲôѽ
ȡսѹȥɡգļ̾ϢһȻ˵£ӳɡ
ֻˡߣȫ̾Ϣһ
Ǻ𣿵Ȼ££аֱӰǸѹˣ
˺ϡãǶоԵģ
ǣ˺Σ
ոյвߵߴ棬̫׼ˣ
Ⱥ飬ͲҶһ£
һİȺ½ëˣҪôˣˡĻع飬һɱ顣
ʱ³ӵ֣޾еĶҲһεľ䡣ʱ򣬽ı仯Щߣûһұ֤
̫ˣУȼŭȻѵǻֶΣǾͲ𣿡
ǵģô޷Ǿǲʱ淢սҪʱ䡣Ǿ͸Ǻȥ󣬱˭һҧгݵĵ޽ҲһɣҲܱԪ
ʱϴϿһۣ˵Զˣôóġ
˵Ŀ⣬ȫϴϵϣϴ˵ҪһǻȺ½֪ǡڣֶΣʱ½Ⱥ飬һûгأ
⻰˵Щˣϴû˹涨ľһ£ȴû˷ϴϵĻΪǵУҲͬһҪȺ
ȻвЩ飬̫ˣ
󣬴飬ٵ䡣ȫ׷ʲô
ңԶƬ嫵Ĵ½ƯȫЩ¡
ȷûÿ͵½黹׼Ϣ֮أôƬ½棬᲻
еУȫͷЩˡ
Ͼǽթ
ߣҲӦ֮ǾֱӾͰ񹬸˳
Ȼĵճӵܣȫ񹬵С
ߣ֧ӹǾûôõˡֻܽ뵽Ƭ½ȥ
Щ壬ҲֻһãȻڸָ£뵽Ƭ½ȥ
Դˣߴ߸ĽǣߣѾ׼ˡֱӹ½磬߽شոʹ̸У˵Ҫʱս
ʲôʱ򿪴ôҪоһ¡
ԴˣЩս߰ǣȫЩ̫⡣
ʲôлشǶѾ׼˰½飬ôĹ֮£ôܵסǿĹôܻʲôش
Ǳܵĸо⣬ҲԣҲֻܽš
ϾҲԽߴߣԼ½緢𹥻
ܿ죬Ƶ壬㱻ֱӰŵ½ϡ
ȻߴЩճԳľͷ棬ҲǻƬոµĴ½ûзֿ
֮ЩͷǴ½֮ϣȻһЩ½ġңﷷһΪŰĶ
Ȼ˸⣿
Щ˵ֱӾͰЩɱˣȻ˴ķŰ塣
ɱ֮ŷ֣Щɱ飬Ȼȫ򵥵ı
£ҲЩֵԼ޹⡣
Űַʽֱӽ뵽統С
һʼڵ񣬶ֶ൱мһ˵ġ
ʲôŰ壬½һˡΪܸͺ˲ԸȻĻ½飬ֻܸųԻȥ
ûãӷŰЩ飬ȫˡΪǾȵķ֣ⶫֱ̫ˣ
ķ
棬ʲô
ҵ̳ǣ
̳ǣʲô


1958 ɣ
ȥ֮Щ߸ϵǣʱסˡַŰ̳ǣȻĵط
ĶֱĿ಻ʤ
ǴһʼĲмĿʼоûöõʱ䣬ͳݽȥˡ
Ϊⶫֱ̫ǿˣ
Ⱥ飬һǻٵģȴûнӴô˼Ķ
ôһСֱпͼį
Ǹ̳ǣѵĿȻĶù󰡣
һûʲôôСȻһ龧ʯ
˰ɣ
СʲôŰ屣ǣ
Ц
Ƕ鰡
Ű壬ˤ𣿻ҪôһͨƳɵȻҪһ龧ʯ̼ǲǷ˰ֱɥĲ񰡣
ȻʲôŰ屣ǡȷͦÿġҲôڰ
ѵΪ鶼ɵ
ֱˣ
ںܶ鶼ôʱ򣬴Ƭ½֮ϣһϢ鿴ŰϵĶʱ̫һСİѷŰӳȥˣȻˤˣ
ˤˣ
ⷨʲôãȻˤ
ܶȫŭˣ̫ⷨˣ
磬˭ôõķ϶ᱻ
ܿǾԼˣЩġԭò½Щɵ飬Ҫⷨ׬ǵǮģ
̫Ҫˣ
ЩıǶҿһ龧ʯôָҺҪǮ
ֱǷˣ
ҿǻǣ
Ȼڣеһ飬ţһ龧ʯļ۸ҪŹһŰıǡ
ʵԼ϶Ҳ׾ٵֶʹţҪһ£뿴ǲܴ½Ķ
֮£Ǳֱʾ˵½ʱδͨ
ܷŭΪʲôͨ
ԭһ龧ʯһãѾܲʹˣǮƾʲô
ǱߺĵĻظ˵Ϊ½ûпԶһͨǮׯ
ͬʱһ½һ½һΣֱҪɱˡΪ֪һȺûĴڣ㲻顣
Ⱥǻ½֮ϣֱӽ˼޴Ǯׯ
ȻʼƳǻʼ½ҪǽʯȻ󣬾ͿڷŰϣӵǮңտЩĽĿҡܹˣ
һʼǾܾġ
߰
ǵģ
սģģ
ܿ죬Ƚ˳֮󣬷ⶫȷ˵һڷŰտʵĽĿˣ
ˣǸҪһ龧ʯŰ屣ǵ飬ҲԸԳˣ
ܿģ
Ϊ֣ǸǣһǿķһΣСİѷŰӳȥȷˤˣ
ϣĿԹ
˲䣬γһɷ籩ϯ½
ĶΪʲôôʱ򣬶ԷĽҲܼ򵥡
̫Զѽ
ǵҪɱİ
˵֮ŵʱǵˣðΣոأ
ҲѡõĲƵİ
Դˣ½ȻЩͣͬҲԹص
ƨΣգʻսĶЩǻͲ顣УƨĶϣֻ˵ǵȷд⣬ȷܾ¡Ҫ˵ʲôϵĻǾǺˡ۸Ⱥûʶ
оǡͻ̫ˣ

ûзս£ȺǾȻһֵֻ˼ǱĬĶԼǲ
ΪѾеã½飬ƺҲûôͼ
嵱УҲв鷢ѴҪ裬Ϊ½޳ܵı
⻰˵ԼЩûΪԼŰĿĶǳ˼һЩĿֱ̫дˣǶò½Ĵ
ӲҪ˵½ıƣҲֻ˵Ⱥ飬ԼҲⱻƣ
Ϊ̶ʱڣȺ鵱оѾһͷŰǺöԺǹ֮һҪⶫȥ
ЩĿ̫ˣĻһ㣡
ǸôȻôϲаˣ
򲻴򰡣½Ϊİɣ
򲻴˵㣬ҪĻڿǸ¿϶ûнβˣҪǳ˽βٴɣ
½ϣ
λ˵ֱ⵽ˣ
Ǵ˿̾һһ̨Ű塣һȫġ
һһ̲ס˵ⲽߵ⣡
ͷҲ̧㶮ʲôв֣㶮𣿡
ʲô֣˼ԴҲ֣Ҫ˵Ƿǿðɣ˵ˣûⶫʲô𣿷Ű壡ǷƳĶһˬ
ƵһȻ̧ͷһ۷ߣ˵ǰǷƳģô֪˭𣿡
ʱϿЦˣ˵ɣǽΪⶫòõ𣿡
ǵġļһɬĵΣǱ½˰
ļ̾Ϣһ˵ǰû뵽Ǹ϶ȻİǸˣ̫ˡǴ򲻸Ҵ򣬵򡭡ֲУ
ļ˵ǲУǡ򲻸ģ
٣治Ϊ˵ȴġһ̾ϢʽٹһʱĻ¡ǵЩǣ׵ĲԸˣ
ǻǻԸġʱۿҪˣ治ɫĹص˷Ű壬Ȼ̧ͷߣ˵㣬û˲Ҫ
ԣ˵ǣһǿսǱĽ¸ͱô죿ǣǿ϶׵ôֻҪһԣǾͻޱȵı
Ǳ⣬ǿܻ١𡣡һ˵
ôǻһַʽأϴϿˣ˵ֱͨŰŵҪ½飬ȫϵأ
⻰һˣȫסˡ
ţ̲סҡͷ
ļԼ˵ⲻУͥǱ߹Ȼܾ޴ѹǲûжԲߡһǿ԰ʵͱڶǿԴǵĻԡûĸ磬ô顣
ļ˵ؼǵһ㣬Ķǵв̫ˣ£ԶƲһǽ
ϴʱ˵֪˵ûУīһɣܹˡ
˼ǣļϴϣʵ
ϴϵ˵вǣҲͬвǰ


1959 
ô
Щߣȫ˼
ǵûֱ˵ô̫޳ʲôģΪʵеǸ룬ʲôֶΣǶ⡣伫
ֻôĻжЧá
ҾãСļһ̬˵ʱ䣬Ҳоīˡ΢һ·ʼսЩߡͥİףȺˡȻҲкܶǺġЩˣͥҲ˵ȷһǳˡ
ļ˵ǡȴûֹǣ
ߣȫòȻĵͷ
ǵĹʲô顢顢顭еУʵǿʱġǵУֶѾпˡ
άԼļҪõʵеǸԸˣ
жôںЩˡ
߸ߣ˴˼໥һۣȫͬʱ˵ͷ
Щ˼ǲҲãϷͷŰҲá
߸˵мֵĶȴԶκθıģΪִ
ѾԪˣ
ԣܷʲôȺߣٲִϺͳϡһΣҲҪ繹
ǰʲôѣ赲ǵĴжôǿǶ벽
ִīһ
Ⱥֽ׵ģ
ҪץļأȻЩвأǿӲ
ܼȥ
£дá
٣λߵļ㵱УݳīĹкܴܻЭġ
ãҲ˾ͽǸֱӹȥ
Ҳ˵ĽҲ̽һ³īĵ
£뵽ִн׶Ρͨĸ飬϶ǲеġ
īߵЩˣȫ̹ͥУı϶Ҳǿģ
ܻ½սɣǿ𣬿ߴߣȴûôǳ֪½սʵȻ飬Ҳ˭ȥһŵġ
˵ֵͥطˣɭϣѰȥġһ̫Ŀ֮㡣
飬һȥ˵һûӵ顣
òҪ̹Ŵ½ı֡ϴϿ˵Ǻ͸ȥ
ˣǲǱߣļ֪ΪΣͻȻǰ˳·̬ȣƺû˼
ϴϻɫ΢΢һ䣬漴ҡͷܵˣˣѾױǡ
ʱ򣬳ļ̾һ˵ʵҲȫû취
ϴϵɫ΢΢һ䣬Щɵĵڣòַɣ
ļ˵ʵѾΣյʱҲؼʱ򣬲ʲôֶΣҾöģҲӦõġ˵ӵУһҵĺˡ
·ǳڵĵճӵܣȷǳĺˡ
ʱ򣬶ļ˵ֻҪǺͼ̣Ȼ󡭡ǵˣҲԡѣ
⻰̲ס΢΢ĳ鴤һǡ˵һȷǺݰ
ܵݵλĴڣԸֶѾ÷ǳпˣվԼĹѪˡһ룬ƺûжӵܡߵ棬Ҳһʲô
ǵȻϺͳߵļߣĺ
ԺҲöٷŵǣܴͬ󣬿ʵҲΪûһ
浽ʱֻ̣һķ磬ʱ֮䣬϶ᱬһʷǰĴս
߸ߡ׼ȷ˵ߵĸߣֱӾöľʵʩʽ
ڲѪ䣬ó·һͷ
Ѫ䣬Ψ߲֪ЩĴϺͳǣǲģ
ҲΪʲôߵļϴϣԼӿȵķȻһСΪǵУſԾԷĵƣ
ȻƲһʹãǾ޵еģ
ǱҲУ
ǱߡͬҲУ
£Ѿ뵽½ǣҲġȥþˡ
һΣߵߣƼˣ׼ֶˣ
Ѫ䣬ƿԼңԸ紫Ϣȥ
䣬ޱȾ׼
ҸκƣΨ߲£
Ǿô˰ɡϴ̾һЩį
ʵӣӴŰ壬˽˷Щ֮ԼҲʣЩּ֣ǲģ
޾ΪۣȥʵԼеǸִľͳ
Ȼͻ˴磬Ȼķ磬ʵͲ࣬Ļ
⣬ԼشԼΪִ̫ˣЩߣǵĸЩһȥ԰ˡ
ϴϵǺһ£Ǿǣ½磬Ϊ貵һ磡ӵǷ磬鼰κһ䡣ǻ飬ֱӾͿԸ͵Ľйͨͻ
⵱һ磡δжĺã鲻Խľͻϲϡ
Ҳǵļ֣û취ͬ
ϴţ΢΢˫Ŀٴ˫۵ʱУѾĮȻһƬˡ

ͥ
ھһʢĻ
ǣǳ·
꣬޳ڳī֮£ͥһڴеļ֤£ڽ˵¡
Ƕܸӵϯˡ
С˷ܵòУڵơ
ڳīԣϻߡĴϡħͺӵˡ
ƮŮ۸̻Ʈ칬Ⱥһ
İ׶ˡĴеĺܶඥ塣
ںһϣѺӸ˹ȥȻʼƴơ
һΣ˵˾޴ĳɹ彵٣ȴûս
ȻǼīôģ˵УȴȫޱȵĻϲ
ǲηսԲսûѪ϶Ǹõ顣
ҲֻħƮͺļ飬ŻЩźûٶ࿳幷Ĺͷ
˵УҪܹһֱάȥĻҲǺܲһ顣ڳЩˣȫĶڡǵȻôɵΪսҲᷢˡ
岻׷ǵҲЭôսƣһֱϿյġ
ϣܱһеĻû˻ܾ
ʵžЩ߸ϵĽ壬ͬҲܾ


1960 ˭
ʱ䣬ͨڷϸеһЩ黥ߵҲ֣ʵȺ飬ҲѪġǵѪǽɫģǵޱǿᡣʵҲ顣и
һʼĸ߸ϣʼһЩЩĴϻǮ鿪ʼǮȥЩľʽĿʵĳ˵
Ⱥ飬ѾʼеҪļˣ
Լǲϵģʵϣȴ
ЩԼܶûʶͥ½ϵĿٵǮׯж׬Ǯ
īȻǰ֪һһֲ֣е㱻ŵˡ
ͥҲڣؼȺŮ˹ڣ
һŰıǾȻҶһ龧ʯ
ֶ۷ʽڳīֱǷˣ
û뵽ǣЩ飬ǱȳīУҪԣˡ
Ǵŵ֧壬ʱȫĹƸҲٶʯʵϣ֧ȫƸ϶ǳǧھʯģ
ʯĲƸʥֲַġԣȻߣҲȥҪЩ˰ԼĲƸ׳
Щ飬ī֮ǰǲ֪ڿ˴½Ǳһֱ֮ӱŵˡʹ֮׵ġ
֮ǰ߰ʯ½ϵ治ʲôˡ
īɸпȵߴʶǵľʯʧʱ߿ѾԸˣ
Դˣ۵Ļ˵ǣЩǵӶߵĲƸΪʲôһŰ屣ǲҪһʯһأ
ðɣī֪Ů˺˺ݶˡ
½ǱߵǮׯոտһʱ䣬ʵѾԽ֮ǰǱ߿ߵ߰ʯҲΪԭ߲ͥޱȵĻ֡
Ϊīڵһʱ䣬ͽľʯַȥΪͥеЩй֮˵Ľ͡
ǣһ˾ֱһ
ʵһ㶼࣡
ûǣûݺƽľ档Ŵľʯ롣
Ҳܿģо뵽½磬һǵһ
һڵƣǺȻ뵽ʲôųī˵ۣҺȻһ顣ǹѪġ
Ƭ֮󣬳ī΢΢üͷǣôаֶΣ
ǿЦֶҲµģǡţ㶮ģµġǾ׼гһգĻ˲ƿȺɡ
īͷȻǣֶΣ߿ʹã
ǵͷҲȷǻ᲻ʹãһΣڰǸˣЩ߶ǳԿӡڶҪ̤ƽʲô硣Ҫ顣ֱ˨һССŰ壬Ⱥս⣬һȡĲƸò˶ãǾͻʶһ㡣ȴȫ޷ֹģǴݻǮׯ̸ֶϵ˷硣ЩڲԻǿҵķ
īͷǵȷǿӵͦҵġ
ǿųīǳ˳飺ֹͦңһ֧ϣôͥѾ˰ɣ
īЦôֶܰԼϣ
Щ壬칬½֮һУȫı׼һԣʲôŰ屣С۸͵Щһ龧ʯ£ֶ
ǲŻãͥ߶Դ֧壬ֱ̫ʴˡ
īǣʵǣ˼ǻͨӣвǵвǵˣȻ󣬴Ӷǣǲ飿
ǿųīͷ֪۶ԴߵˡѣǽһãѾܵˡ
ˡīЦЦ
ûй˵ģʵ֮һ˵ԣҲµûȺߣп飬취ߵ֡ǲǸոвôǿ϶Ҳ뷴ͷвһ¡
ǾͲ£ҹȥǵˣī˵赭дȴȫΪī˵˵
ĳīڲȱپʯ£һ񾿾ʲôΣЩˡȴһ£ĻѾȫǳīĶˡ
ԣī˵ҪЩߵֱϵһЦ
ڳīⷬȴεĿЦһ£˵ۣԿ䣬İߣҲôһԼеµˡȻĻҲܴҲΪԼ
īͷ֪˵ʵƾݵλʵĳױˣҲʲôΣա
ϣûжܹݻһߡ
ǽ˵ʣλԺֱӵ˵ǸûиҲں飬ΪʵĿеִʲôġֶ˵ǿпޡԣǿвۣȴûа취ȥвǡû壬ǲŲں
īͷãĻ֣
˵Ҿãʮа˾ţһôġ
īϣ¶һĨ䳰Ȼ󵭵˵ãһɫô
ţǵУһȻЦ
ī̾һҵϣǲҪӣʵǺܲףУȻһ룬ϣܸ½ںһ𡣡
ҡҡͷЩʱ뷨ǺõģȴʵЩУǡ̫ͼˡ
ǣīһǡ
˵Ҵе˽뵽𣬾ˡϣ¶һĨЦݣһ㶼ڣָоʵܺãЩУǾһǵǷǹҲǵϡȥҪһô
īЦЦǵĵϣ˭˵أ
߻ڼʱ˿ʼơյʾɣȻͥȴֹܲͬĲţҪīλۣҲûôס
лˣȻҪ׽һġ
Щˣī׻ƴЩѡųīݵλĲǸī֮䣬ҲһЩ롣ʵǷ飬ȴһֱڵġȻĻīҲһֱ죬һ
Щʾɣī߲ܣҪ˹ЩͥĶ𣬳īֱȣҲ
΢ĸоǺ
ʱǱ߱Χĳ·ˣȻķһƺߣȻͬʱһѪ


1961 Ѫ
Цݻǵأȴһ˲䣬¶ޱǿҵʹ֮ɫ
·ץ֣ͷϵҪͬ¶޾ǿҵʹɫȴûзһʹ
ͷϵĺˮȴεδ
Χˣȫʶסˣôƾܰ۷徳ȵѪȻǲܵģ
ϵʹȫװģǺܽЩˣܸܵǿŵʹࡣ
־ʿ˷Ӧʹĳ̶ȣ֪
ʲô
ˣһȫݵλߵģԣΣҲûлңֱӽ·ϣȻȫһеĿų·ˡ
·ƺ˵ҪߴҲҪġһ죬˾ȻġٴһڽɫѪ
֮Ѫ
ڿеζִ̱ǵѪζǵ㣡
һѪȻ˲ˡ
·ƺЦЦȴǣ˸ǿҵʹ࣬¶ı飬ȿ޻ѿ
īֱվ߹ȥУЩ
û뵽˵ȻôӦˣЩǣҲ벻ھһ
˾Ŀ֮£
Ϊⳡ񣬶Ǳܵģûͨ紫ȥȻĻǱߵ߾Բѡʱֵġ
ʲôʱ򣬶νˡ
ǵɫҲÿһϲ磬ӲǱȺĺĻ쵰ˣ
ųīһ𣬳Ǳ߹ȥ˶ԡ·Щףǵϣȫżֽ֮ɫ׷ʲô顣
ʱ򣬳·ƺһ㣬īֱ˵ۣҪ˵
ţīͷȻ˵û£Һ׾۵һǼȣһûˡ
飬˵ҲܵӰ졣ǲûɢȥΪҶ֪׷ʲôΪʲôö˶˵ģֱӾѪˣ
īӣƺгģҲٷһЩ
ǳ·ǣѾ׵뵽磬ͥԳīȫһּǿġ
Σߵأ뵽½硣ۿսҪչȴƽ˾ˡ̫ˡ˲֪ǵĹֻͣΪ޵УȺ޼ҿɹĿ֮󣬸ͲҴǣ
ԴˣҲȥʲôݣȻ顣ҲֵýīƵߡ
ΪֻгīԽԽߣŻԽԽá
īų·ˣֱӽͥҵСķѹͬʱгīܵһƬգ
֮ûʲô̸ܱ֪ġ
ûȳ·˵īֱӵʲôҪ󣬶Ӧǡ
·ˣԼ⵽ô¡ֻͻȻģо嶼ȫԼˣ־ʹޱǿҪ˺飡
Ҳͬĸо
Ȼ˵ԺУʹ˸ߵ
ǵ˵Ļ࣬·ûԷ˵
ȴоƺ֪£
·ȵĿųīȻͬʱҡͷ
īº͵һЦǶ˵ʲô
·жޱȵĺ棬ȴûʣ·˵ҵԺУ˵ոǸֻССĳͽѡĳͷҪһͷ⡣ңǻҲȴܾĥڱĥĹУˣȻ˵ǣǵĸĸˣҲһǿĿǵԼɱȻĻζӲǵƿء
һԵͷµĵļ˵ĻҲһģһȻңֻҪȥԼ̡½ǻ塣ҽ˳뿪̹Ϣݸǡδݵķ
ԣҲǵġ·һ˵ҲԴӦǡҲԲ۵顣
Ҳᡣ˵ȻҲҲģ
īͷţҲ¡ǽǵķϵǡ
˵У¶Ȼ֮ɫ漴ȫ¶޵ı顣·˵ҪһӦˣ
˵۲ùǣ
īҡҡͷЦŵһᱣǵģİɣѪ䡣룬ǻа취ġ

£ǳ·ǣһ
ųīƺҪȷī˵Ǽ١
īЦЦ¶ޱŵɫ˵ǵʱ򣬿ҪίǵЩһʱˡ
ţ·ȫ¶ɻ֮ɫ·˵ίǲ£۲Ҫ̫鷳
īҡҡͷ鷳һ㶼鷳
ǿųīҪӳīõ͡
īЦЦֻأ

һΣٴͬʱһ
·ʱǻ᲻Լ˭ǻܼ˴𣿡
عǷЦӣʱҲˡûаյ飬Ǿۻ𣿡
·Щ˼ЦȷûаյĻī˵
ī˵ǿˣҲ֪꣬һڵķΪ˲ôԺľͷԣϧԾֻʣôһ飬ֻо˺ܶꡣһҵģʱһὫȫļ䱣ҵǵһ죬Ͱǽӻǵˡ
ǵ۾˸Źâ૵Ҳ˵ЩµֶΣҲûƽ֮¡е˼ˣȺˣҲûгһգǵ뵽½磬뵽ֻͷ±Ҫһ£٣ҲҪǱҵ鷳޼ɵģ
īͷ£Ҫҳȷе֤˵ȷ֤ݣ֤ѪĴڡЩ߾Ҫ粵Ҳ޴ӱ粵
ЦЦ£ͽҰɡϾЩҲᣬȫ
īǣЩпҵǰһ
Цã
·һССһƨǰ֪ʶ־ˣ
󣬳īǴų·صֳ˿ȥҲûκ쳣ˡʲôûһûʲôͣҲûʲô
һĹ򣬻ٴλָ֡
һСܿɢˡ


1962 Ⱥ鼤
̹ǧ꣬ߵأ뵽̹磬Ѿȥһǧ꣬ʱ˵ûʲôоġϰ̹֮ЩǾȻҲһֲ׺ɣĸо
Ϊз磬ÿһ췢飬Լ¼ЩǷ֣ǧ淢˲Сı仯
·ǧ꣬ʱʮ꾭黹Ҫḻ
Щֵ̿ķ֣ԼȻҪսˣ
ڹ磬ɾͲԸȻҲûйȥǰǿҡ֣úܶԼò˼顣еȻ뷨ǴǶԡ
ңǧǷ֣ƺͲ֮⣬˿еľûŨ֮⣬Ҳûʲôõġ
Ҳϰڷ࣬Ҳϰ˸齻ϰЦŭ
ӴԺ󣬾ûսҲͦģ
뷨壬Ѿʼö
壬Ȼ뷨֮⣬壬ڲ֪УıԼ֪
һ㣬ͥǱߣʼģ̳ĸƷ۸ˡ
ȻĴȻף˵ȴһϲת䡣Ȼ߰òˣͬϣõͬ
ֻԼ߰ȴûͬͬҲǺܲˬ顣
ǧ磬ڱһ¡
īߵһۺ̣Σգؼʱ̣ͥĴмʱϵ
һս֮ҪܵۺǼ飬ֱӱǿѹɱˣ
ڶû
£ֱӾ硣
ͥǱߣǿƵǴҪս
ߣȴĵģӦûС
ڷϣȴֱչһս
½ϵҲڵһθоĿ¡
ֱͬˮһӿԭԼ϶ЩͼķͽСʵ֤Ǵˣ
ΪǧѾ뵽֪ģԷ磬Ѿ˺ͬСԣڱʱ򣬺ܶĵһӦί
Ȼί
Ƿŭ
ΪǶӰѾϡ
ֵǼȷߵĶ֡
½ϵҲеίӿ糱̲סڽ
һֱͣ޾սС
飿ǻԼ飿м꣬ǸƵҪױ˰ɣһȺɥ֮ȮۺĺĽǣ˽ĸһϢ֮أǾôģ
˸е䣬еЩǣһιǣ
ֵܣЩ쵰Ҫ˵Ǻðɣ칬½Ǳߵ죬˴֮һһͷǣ˭˵ã
鲻ǺųԼ𣿽ʶءȻ飬Ȼ˲ݵ顣
Щõģкܶرģ½ϵЩյȫǳܺίҲܷŭ
ֲģĸȺûмࣿ
ѵм£Ҫе𣿡
飬ͶǺõ𣿡
Ǵû뿪½һӴһ˵𣿡
ҪˣѾе־ŰˡˣֲǸɵġ
˵ǣҲڷŭˣǿʼĸԷ
ʱ򣬷ϣٴαһ𾪵Ϣ
ϢȻǴͥĹٷǱ߷ġ
ϢΪ飡
һⳤţ滹дͼ񡣺ϸļ¼һȫ𺳲ѵ顣
еǣͥʹߣһ顣һ飬ϢϢص顣飬е㲻˼飬źʵġ
е飬嵱Уӳһ𣬾ѾһѪ䡣ǲûɣʵڵģҲǵĸĸġ档ΪѪ䡣Ѫʹ÷Ψ߲ա
Ѫ䣬һʲô磬Ƕ޴Ӷݡǰʱۺգ͸йء
ǿԿЩͼûǶ飬ˣһΪ·һΪҲǱߣӦкܶʶǡΪͽǣֻȷѡѡڣֵѡˡ
ŵУµȥ˵÷ǳϸֻѳ·Ķһ¡˵ǱѪԼвò˵ۺ١Ȼ˸еΣֱɱˣ
ɱߣ˵ɱ˳·ֱϵˣ
һ׮Ҿ磬ΪͥһԱĲ֪˵ʲôźáȻһỳʵԡӰУյ˴֮һǰ˵ֱӵ֤ݣǣα֮ǿǴǼλߣ̫ˣɱģǵɱǣǲΪԼ棬ɱǵأǲǵĻǲսǻ᲻ҲֶΣ
ЩӰУֱӸֱӵ֤ݡ˵ҪóЩֱ̫ˡ
Ϣ˲䴫硣
һֱϵսȻֹ
ķıˣ飬Щ֮ǰݵЩ˿ȫı˿ڷ硣
ÿĺͬǡģҲǳЦǣԼúɣһȺΪ߸ϵ飬ʵϣȴԼ˶޷ƿءǱ
ͲࣿǸЦ˶ƿڱ˵ʲôͲడ
벻羹ȻڰֵزĺΪߵ棬ζԼµȥֵġ
ϣе飬һ̣ʧˣ
𾪡𺳡ɻ󡭡ģ
ֲòţǵľ綼ܸǵĵжܾʵϣǶӰһǾѾף϶ˣ
ԣȫ޷ܣȺ飬Ȼ˶޷ƿԼСֱһЦ
ʱƵģ϶Ҫߴˣ
ߵߣΪ·ЩˣͲɱģ
һû취һᱻɹ¾½ЩǵҲӷŭ
ˣҳ
ʱһǰ˭ûԤϵ飬ͻȻ䷢ˡ
ⲻһֲͬҲͥǱһֲ
Ϊ½Ǳߣзŭ飬ڲ˽ɣڷŰ棬ĳ顭ƿڴ
ʺһĳ飬ǵװʲôģǾǵǵһȺūͣЩߣǻҪǵסʲô


1963 ³
һŭʣֱ½
飬嶼һ޴Ľɻ⣬û˸ҹȻǡ񣬲ˣֱӷ棬ȥʣȥ
ߵ飬ǲЩ¡
ǣ˲Ϣ䣬ĸ֣֪ἰ˶ٴΡֱ˶ٴΡ϶Ƶġ
ͥС
īɫϾͳ·Լǵȥֻء
Ϊִֻۣô꣬ȻܿƣܹһЩġ
īһͼɫޱϾǡ
ǿīĵһ仰ǣˣִˣ
īҲ˲֪ʲôɫȻϾޱȣȴû̫֮ɫǣʵ£Ҫģô
΢΢һȻһɬĵͷǵģΪĳ롣һ죬ɲǽɡֻҪһڷ˵⼸֣ô±ᱬ
ī˵ǵģԣڲҪźʲôˡȷһµǰưɡ
ǵͷʼżͥڡ
ͥڣʱҲؼ俪ʼϷ仯Уܵһʲô
ȻػûзرԱ仯ʵϣκһ澳ʿܴϸӦͬѰ
ͥߣīҽԷһϢἰ飬ᷢ޴飬Ҿһ£Ҫˣ
Է
˲ϯ硣
ĸǽɵǣ˿Ҳȫеɵۡ
Ҳû뵽¾Ȼݱ䵽ֵز
ǴǰȻ֪ǽɣȴȻɵֵزﻹǽɣǾһֲĴ尡
ߣȻѸٵ˷ӦƵȷǲڡ顱ĸˡʵϣˣ
Уʵ̫ˣƣ
ô˲ἰ飬ֱǿ޷ĵز
磬ʼ仯ˣ
Ȼ仯ܻȴ飬ȫľսĸо
ͥĹУī̵ʱ䣬ڳһУķʽݵÿһ˵ľʶСΪ˵ѾЩˡ
δˣīһ𾪵ˣ˵ڣ缴شıǨǱߵġѾЩ޹ؽҪˡΪŲķԹҲϾûʱ˼ˡԣ£Ҫü£
˵
ȫųīһ̣ûлţûңûо
ȫޱȳ侲
޾һֳȣ
ֳȣҲֻȺ̫˲ŻС
еЩ飬Ϊ̫򵥵һ·飬Ҳô򶨡
һˣֻص׼
īһ˵ľˣҪÿţҲҪòܡʵϣһ죬ᵽֻû뵽ôͻȻǸû˵
Уͥڣȫû˵īĿ⵱Уȴûһ˿֡
еֻͬ
ǲֳīģΪȫô£
ī˵ģǶֻس׷ſȻڶʱ䣬мͨţܸһʵ㹻ˣ´󲿷ֵļ䣡
ī˿ЦҲۣܶõȨˡ
ۣϿɵۣȻĻû顣⣬ҲѾļˣ
ˡħ˵Ѿ㹻ˣûк֮ǡ
ûк֮ǡ˵ĴѾͣȲҪȥЩνԴˣ
ûк֮ǣУ˲һ
īˣ۽΢΢Щʪ󣺡ڶ
һ˵ڶˣ׼ս׼ֻذɣʶЩУһֵһʱ⡣ʶǣҺңԶǣ
У̲סˡ
ҲԶģ۵ϣģ糹սᣡֻسֹͣҲԶǣһĿųī
ûλųīһ·ɳŮκβɣĺۼҲһ統峺ᣬȴصУ
ųī΢΢ЦԶƬԭϵһУ޾٣֮ҲңֻҪԭһ𣡡
˵ţϣᡣ
޲ҹͬãԹ컯Ūˣ볣ң
ƿųī˵Ȼеˡ˵ţԼ̲סЦҵСˣҪǿֻһΣһԥץ㣬
ιιǲҪɿ˺ðɣƣˡôˣţжأʮ˰ɣȰǶٴΣҪǸҺãô˵ģֻԸ֪ͺáڵ֪ˣûϵģڳīԣ֡ȻЦеĿһִƮ칬һŮɨ
Ц˵㿴ڶѾѽȴֻһ󡭡ǲú𣿷Ǿͦģÿγȥ˼ҿҺ񶼲̫һǶʸ˰ɣһֱռۡ
ְ˱գ̶̼仰ֱӸϡá
ȫЦõĿ꣬˵ոգȷЩˡȫһ
ˮʱҲڳīһߣǵǸ׻ƴˮûصġҲ̫ˡҲѾ͸и顣
ȥѾȫͬ
ϣûʲôô꣬˶һģҲȷе˼һ׻ʵۻ󹬼ǧءЩ˻ʮʮ棬еģԸģΪʲôһֱװͿأˮЦ˵ⳡѣǹȥͶ˰ɣ
УŮȫĺ
֮ǰְ˵գҲڱλۺŪûˡȴЩ
ʱһֱͷߵĳīȻɫһȻЦЦŴеˣߣЩȥ飬˵±˵
ڡ
̹ϿգȻһ³ӣ
ǳӣͷҲƲβƺƵһӣ̹ϿաǺˮУʼ޾Ӱ߳
ÿһϣ죡
һɢƣҪݵĳ嶯
Щ飬ڣ
̹ȫʲô
Щһɢƶ̫ǿˣһ·¾һһ㣡
ңȺ飬ոմ³߳һ˲䣬ֱӳˣ
û֪ǻ˶µԹҲûеķŭȺ³߳һ˲䣬ֱӾչƻ
һ鶼ûУҲҪ֣ҲҪ𹥻죬أ磬ֱӷֲĹ
¡¡
һصĲֱӾˡ
ûʲôطֹܹ
ңֹĲֱɢ·̹統С
ľ޴ǳأ̼ҷ
е飬Ҳȫһɢ
ȻµġֻһƬ


1964 
ֲ̫ˣֱͬĩյľ󡣸ûʲôִֿܹ³߳ǿߡǵսȫõ־ݡȻǴ澳飬Ҳǵֺϻ
³߳ǿʵ̫ˣ
Щֱ֮ӾڷйһĹҪأ
ûһɵȫûЩ飬ʱܹó
ɱ¾Ψɱ¾
ɱ¾ʲôûУ
˲ɵɱˣ̹˵ȥûʲôȥ̹磬òʮ꣬ͻᱻΪƽأ
³Ӳֻ̹֣Ĵ죬ͬ³Ӹֳ߳飬飬ȫɱ¾Ļûһֻɱ
ȫ̫ǿˣңֵҲ̫ͻȻˣ
֮ûһĽ档ײжֱӵɱ¾ֱӾͽˣ
飬֪ʲôǰͥǱߣǣҪἰ⼸֣ҲˣҲˡīĻǵĿУӰ൱֮ģ
˭Ҳ벻ЩľȻôôͻȻ벻ЩѾǳ׵һȫûκУΨɱ¾
磬칬½½ͬҲûܶ
Щ³ӷ·ܹӦۼĵطһǳֵĵطǴľۼ
һ׵ս˲չˡ
֮ǰ֮սһ𡭡Գս
ʵϣڳĻڷŰһ̣ߵߴ߾ѾʶˡҪӻǲͷû˱߸߸ЩǵĿ¡
Ǹûͬˮһĳ飡
ɾߴߣҲͬû뵽Щô졣
ָо·Ѿںڰг˯٣ȴ٣ֻȴ˽ǻѡȻ󣬾ͻֱѹ磡
ʲôлȳǣ
ȳݲЩͬҲǴݲ
ȫԵĴ
̹磬һǡǡǡʮǣ
ɴϽ硣һǡǡʮǣ
ȴ硢硢컯ң硭ȫˣ
գ֮䣬ͱȺ³߳Ŀֲ˺ܶ޴Ĺųǡ
һĺƽ١
ĺƽ٣
統Уûܹ⣬ûܹѡ½ϵЩ飬ͬҲУͬûκΰ취ߣ
ֻӦս
һʼ滹ڷָľֵܶ˻ͨԼ顣
ܿģϣͬһûڷ˵
ΪЩǡˡĵطѾһƬأ
Щطûκܹͨ緢Ϣ
ûбǡˡĵطе飬ȫʼӴȥ
ԼҲ֪Ҫηȴ˵ʲôҲܼڳˡΪڳζʱܻ
ö˶˵ģôͻȻ
˼𣿲ǱǼ䱧ԹǼôͻȻˣΪʲôôģ
˶ɻȫûа⡣£Ҳˣ顭һ޴ĽɣҲΪʲôۻԳ棬ǲҪἰˡ
ףȴЩˡˡ
īֱӴͥеˣ·ĵط˹ȥȺˣȫ˸һ仰ȥ˵
һΣˮơһƮ칬ϵģսһĳۣ߳ۡˣѡ˸ڳīߡͥһȥӭУ
ҲһȥǾҲûлͷ·ҲһǾͽӴٲԣҿ㣬ҲҪǷֱǰġһ̣
īһΣûоܾûͼȺԼͽȥ磬ҲһƵĴ磬ռ
ûͼôΪīôЩҲһܾģһͬģ
ôͬˣ
ͥڣƺƵ·档
һ·ħƹܵһ֧澳ɵĴһ·Ƿ޵ЩѷսĴ
˶֪ǽҪԵʲôҲп־壬ȴûΪȻܴ󣬵ǣʵѾû·
ֻӲͷƤҲҪϳ壡
޷һ
ǻֻأʲô
ħƮ㡢ӡϡ޵Сĵˣ
Ǹη塣
˵ǰԵǳ飬Ƕ飬Ҳͬһǰаη壡
īȺˣڸȺʱǾһΰĹųǣѾˡǰһ㣬ͻ뵽ǵĹΧС
ڴ˿̣Ƶ飬ڴΰ־޴Ĺų
ǣ˵ģΪīѾ˸ϵˡ
Щ׼ɱųǵĳ飬ӦȺ֮ȫͣ˽Ų죬ѹһءյУսһţмʮվһţȫۿųīȺˡ
ͬӳīȺϣܵһηľ־
־־Ⱥ飬ͬܳӣ
䣡
ȺǣųīתǰС
ǹˣ
ϵĳǳУȺǣоģҲڿ˰֮޾֮С֧ƵĴ
ǵˣ
ǵˣ
۴ˣ
оˣ
飬ȫ̲סˮ
Ȼֱ÷Űϵļ¼ܣһĻֱӴݵ˷ȥ
ǸĿǻû꣡ˣ
ͬʱ磬ÿһгӰĵطҲڿʼ˷
磬ǿߵģ
ī̹ʿĴ쿹⣬ǸʱĴедȫĻīͱˡ
βͬˣһΣĴ飬ѡܶճΣǸûκ·ԡ
ԣֻһս
Ǿսɣ
̹ߡīߵĳۣ˵Էһʮڶࡣ
īͷ
ʮڣ֣Ա̹飬ǾţһëȺȴ˸е𺳡
Ϊ飬ѵѾɥʧ𣿡վڳīߣֱӷǳ⣡
ݵλߣȻ磬ҲһġԣȥǳЩ顣
Щ飬ȫɥ־һ˼ƺȫѾʬһǷǳĹ졣


1965 ֮
ǻ˵ʲôī΢΢üͷŸңԶĲֵۣ֮³ӡ
ɢ޾Ĳɣ䡣
ī޾£ֻص⣬Ѿǳˡ³ӣָо·ӡһֻ֮ĺӣ
ȻУȴܲӸĹϵ
ѵ˵Ⱥ飬뵽³֮ɥʧǣֻʣɱ¾ܡȻΪȫɥʧֻصĻᣬȫԹ
뵽⣬īȻ뵽ܽȺ飬ֱӴֻصУֻأ
ǰȺٶȷǳ֮졣Ȼ˫Զľ룬ʵϣܿĹ򣬶ԷѾˣ
īʱ߱߸߾Ȼ󣬺ݺݵնһѪɫĵ⡣
ݺգնȺ顣
ɱ
īŭţһȣһ˳ȥ
ģǡں顢ħӡƮ㡢ϡһȺսǿᣬޱ͵ˡ
īһֱӴӲ֮ϣնϰٵĳ飡
ƥĵ⣬նǵϣͬնڶһȺսƥĳ飬ȴǲĳ̶ȣ
ڳīһ澳ʿҲҪ΢ǿһ㣡
ǲûģīȵ
ͬһʱ䣬Ҳڴŭ𣺡ǵĹȻܲɱ
ǱߣȻȥѾʧȥǣǵıܻڡīһ͸ն˼ٸͬ飬ʣЩҲȫŭˣ
նЩ飬һ˻ȻֳԶӷȥ
˻Уʱһʵŭ
ŭУȴǳԵģ
Ϊʲô
ǻΪ˵ʱûǣֻʣɱ¾ڱɱ֮󣬱³ɺӵһ˻˻УȻٴδǵŭ
īʱֱֻ֮
ƥֱһ˻ѹȥ
źܶ໹ĳ飬Ҳ
һֻصҲǳīܹƿصһ֣
ҪֻصЩȥĳ飬״³ӵи뿪
䣡
УһױȵĺϢ
ϢǴ³ж
·һ־ٻЩ˻ȥ
īһ³ӡȻģ
ٻ
ĸٻ̰ĺһٻЩ»˻ĳعĻ
̫ˣ
Ҳ̫аˣ
Щ˻ͲԸǷֲ˻𣬵Ҫƴһĳųīֻصӿȥ
ҪȥֻأǶֲԾˣ
Ϊʱ˶ޱ𾪵ķ֣Щǣڸܵǹֻص֮󣬾Ȼг飬ȫ˶Ƿ𹥻һǹֻɢĵطӿȥ
ѵһӣһԴһ˲䣬·𿴼Ǹһ˫ľȻ۾¶һĨм֮ɫ
ʲô
īʱ۵һֱһѪ
ңԶУ³еīܹĸܵķŭ·ӳī¶һ
ģīֱȫе֧ǹֻصЩ顣Ȼŭһ䣺ⲻĶΪʲôҪҹ
䣡䣡䣡䣡
Уֱһľף
۷ŭ
˲Ϣڸǵ֮ף³ȥ
׵³ӵУûзһ
³ȻɢŲɣϢңһϵ־·Ҳī׼ŭˡ־ųī͵ѹʱ˶Щٻ
Щᣬĳųīǵֻ֮ӿȥ
ʮڵĳ飬ӿһȿŵţ
ֻ֮ţûܱ֤֮󣬻һЩɱ¾㣬ʮа˾ţᱻֱֻ͵ȥ
Щ޷ǣֻһͨ󣬵ôҲǿ³ϵ顣
ǽǵͶĻǾ͵ùˡУܿǧ꣬Ǻġ
ڴ˿̣Ⱥ·𳹵ɥʧǵĳǣȴȫһӿֻ֮šƺǵͶҲֱ³ҪҸ
ŵſڣͥڣȫȺҸĿ
ƺ˵ţѾǳ׵ʤˣ
īڶԿ³ӵ־ᶨ
¡ֻءһУīȫֹٴΡ
ԣ³ӵ־ޱǿ󣬵ȴĽīѹ赲īֻ֮ţ
īϣһöӡһöɳ죬Ѿһö֮ӡȻγɣǵ뷨Ļڳīܵ³ӵ־ѹ֮ʡöӡȻӳīз˳
Ȼ³ӣֱӷ˹ȥ
һֻ¸ҵķɶһ޷˵ѡ
ٽ³ӵһ˲䣬ôӡȻųâ
â³ӣ˲佫еһУյֺ֣
īǾȵķ֣ӡɢĹâ֮£³ӣԭ֣ȥޱȵĻǡȴ峺ס
īͥߺܶඥʿȫ峺³ӵĵ¡һӴӰ
ûܼЩӰжӴΪǵ·ѾԽ̹һһ³ӵĺӵףƾ³ӺˮĳˢȻǾǵһǵϣܲ
ī̲סһ֪Щʲôˡ
ԵǣȴȻ俴һӰֱˮף
īһ𾪵ĿǣȻ˳ǵĿ⿴ȥǱߵĺӵУ̾һͷ
Ϳȥ󣬲ͬ󵽾ˡָоһأݲǣ
ͷںӵףǿȫһҲƾκûиĻӦ
ᣬҪǱߡīסˡ
ӡɢĹâɲΪӣΪ˵ֵ³ӵ־
³Ǳߵ־·ӡѹסһ֡īߵѹ
ȻĿţȺ飬̼䣬ȻȫѾȿŵֻ֮ŵУ
ȻƬأ˲ָ
Զ³ӣҲгʧȻɢȥ
ţӡɻصī嵱С
һѣĿ죬ȥҲ졣Ȼ̹˾޴ʧֻ֮ŵĿⳡΣǺ׾ͽһ
ţīֱһָӦ·һεĺΰ˲ע뵽嵱ȥ
īȻڴǰûи֪ȴʲô
⣬ǹ֮


1966 
һΣʮΪǿֱֻ֮ͨţԭһȺܵ飬£ûκλʸֻ֮šԣڳī˵һ󹦵£
ֹ֮óī֮ǰ³־˵˲ָָīܹĸоԼһЩ仯ľ磬ƺͻһ㣡
⡭īܾȣɫȻȻܹƽȴ𺳲ѡ
û뵽ֲֿĴ٣˵һѣɶ˵ȴһĥºͻƵĻᣡ
īûͣûйҲȥô
Σ˲ʧ
̹統Укü³ӳ֡ѾĸӦǵĴڡ
ǣЩ³ӣҲȫӦ˳īĵ
һֱ˴˼䣬ܹоĸӦīԺĸоЩ³ӶĲӭͼɵ
ɵңīϣ¶һĨı飬һ̣һ³ȻֱӼӡ³ӽжԿ
ӡ³ӣˮȻдӰСīûЩ飬ȴϳǵݡ塢Ҳ塢зȫһһûʲô
īȴָоЩڣӦöǻŵģֻǱ³еĳӡסˣ
ǱߣԶĳ飬Ű̹Ĺųǡ
ī˵ֱӿֻ֮š
ȻЩڷ¾ĳǣֻ֮ŵĿĳٻһʼֹͣɱ¾ֻ֮ŷĳȥ
ȿֺǸϵ֮ǰž͹رˣ
ǵȷǷҪֻء
һΣīҲڿȷˡ
³ӵ־ͬޱȷŭڶԳī𹥻Ĺӡ˻ȥ
Щȥ³УֱľˡǾУһ˻˻óīͷޱȳءΪܸо³ӣ·޾ɵġ
ÿһϸС˻һޱȻԻǿ飡
³ӣޱأͷҲβɶԻ͵ɣǳīҲ޷㡣
īܹо³ӵľʱɢǹԼǾ˵УһҪѣҪֻ֮ŵ
īţͻȻһ֣һŻֱ³Ϸ֣
һɾˣһӾӿ뵽ŻУʹʧ
ī۵һһѪ
ţһɰĹ֮˲עī嵱У
īƣֱӻָóīľ磬һء
ڳīҪ³ϿŻһ˲䣬³Ӿһϼ޻ϼһһȻʧ
ʱԶЩǣûȫֻصŻУ
Ϊ˶ܳī³ӾȻЩ鶼ˡ
ִϻ۵־ֱûκˣ
³ӣģ
̫̫ǿǿᵽԸӵĳ̶ȡ
īܳأûΪԼַͨʽǿκεҡΪָо³ֻǲ뱻̫ȻĻַ̫ԽԼѹɽȥ
ʱǱߵĳǣҲѾ뵽ֻ֮ŵУֻ֮Źرˣɹ֮ע뵽ī嵱С
εļӳ֣ӡøǿˡīҲһָоӡڲϱøǿָͨĸоҪȹȥǿҺܶ౶
īûͣ³ӵķ˹ȥ
Ρף
³ӣֱ֮Ӿʧˣ
ˣ
ûգ
ֱ´ĳ飬ʧУָоеһ͵С͵ˣתܡǰС͵ֿһ£Ҫӵˡ
С͵֪ʲôط˵ǰС͵˾˳īǿķ֮ӵĶûУֱӾˡ
īһȻߵһȺ飬ֻ֮ŵСõ˵ĹǿĹ֮
̹磬һ³ӡ
ֻеڶ³ӣڳī˲СĿ֮⣬ȫͬƻһ
īӰʱֱӾ֮ززˡ
īЩϣҲٴεõĹɹ֮
̹磬īһõ˰˹ɹ֮
ڵڶ³ߵЩУĹ֮ǿ
īܹԵĸоԼľ磬ѾһɲС
Ǵ澳ʿͬҲΨһԳī˵£ܰ궼δʵ֡
ڣȴڶʱڣͳɹˣ
ȻûдӴͻƳȥļ󣬵īȴָоܹõĹ֮ôԼҲһ޷ɱ䡣
īΣ칬½ȥ
Ծ̹ʱֱӸӦ³֡
칬½ϵȺɱ̹׺ˣīʱڸ֮䣬չս
˫֮䣬ˡЩ壬ȫûκȴ˼
ߵ³ӣīȻûߵķӦֱһϵ־ųīѹ
īЦˣЩ³֮䡭ҲǶϵġѵһӣ
īֱӼӡһ³ӵʱ򣬹Ȼӡ֤һЩ롣ȷܲһӣΪ³ӵĵײŵЩӰǳī֪塣Щģ൱졣īһ޴ƥθ
ǡӦһе
ЩӰͬûһϢ
һΣīЩֱֻ֮͵ǵ˻ˡֱӽһֻ֮ţ³ӵĺӵ׿
ŵģӴޱȵĻе
³ɢ־ͷˣ
ַ־һŻ˵ĺһֱӾҪܣ
һ˲䣬īĿ޴ĻеͻȻ䶯ˣֱֻ֮Ӿͳ˹ȥ
̫ˣ
īֻܹ̫֮Сˣ
ʵֻ̫֮Сǳīֻ³пôһš
ۿ³ӣҪһֻŻ˵һ֮ˡӵ׵Ǿ߻еͻȻɢˣ
Ȼֻʣһâŵζһͳֻ֮ŵС
ī·ָоιâֻ֮ŵһ˲䣬ųīһۣ¶һм
ƺеΪһж̫ˣǳīҲұ֤һж
³ӣȻʧ
ʱһɿֲƥĹ֮˲佫īסˡ
īʱ򣬿ĸоԼľʶУһʲôȻ󡭡СƵǶһವһĵﵱС
īֱӱһ
һۣԼĵУһɢŵɫΣָֻ״Сľ塣
ǡīüȻ૵񣿡


1967 ֮
īӴЩνȫһɢŵɫεľУƺûһֻҪīȥͨһ£ֱܴӸӦƥĺ
ľûʲô仯ȴһȼ
ֱ仯·ī֮ǰȻҲ⳾е񡣵ȴͶȻöĴȼһ
ͨöһľ֮󣬳īָоԼսҪ֮ǰǿһ
磬սǿһһһڶôˡ
ʱߴվڳīǰīһߣ·磡
ڴ֮ǰīǿ߸ߵΧߣѾһ˲ˡ
һУֻǷڵʯһ˲䣬īЩͷҲ֮ġЩͷͬʱֱһֻ֮ţӽȺڸɱĳȺ嵱С
һ̣ЩֱӾͷˡԶǽлɱʿˡֱӷĳŵгȥ
ЩһҲסˣ׷ʲô
ԴǿֻϢţǶ׷ʲô
ϳīЩĻ񡢵Ѿ硣ԣЩ壬̵ʱ䣬³ʲô顣
лǰ
лۣ
벻۾Ȼˣ̫лˣ
ЩԳīĵȫޱȵĸмܶ¼ˮ¸ҡηһ£ͬҲ˹ģܻȥ
īǰڰ֣һ̾ʧˡ
ȴûκһаԹΪ֪ȥʲôˣ
ϣ̫飬ȴǵľԮ
ͬʱѾ˰ķ磬ֻ˹
ЩǵɱȴûӰ쵽ת
ԣīȹЩط飬ڵһʱ䣬Ϣ
гۣ޵УֱӻЩˣ
Ϣе飬ȫŵĸо
½ǱߣǸ֮䱬һޱȲҵս
Щ飬ɲ½еЩ飬ǵսȫǿƥӵĵͷȫηͲ
Ⱥԭ׼ѹ½飬Ҫѹ½ǣʲôˡ
սǿܶ࣬ϸͲηһ½ֱӾʷΪϿĿ顣
ǵֵķǳ죬֮ǰ̮ɵҪ죡
Ϊ̫ˣ
½һҲû󣬼Ҵȫ˵ֱ֮֡
ߴҲֱӲսˣսûκɱս
Ȼʱûˣÿһķǳࡣ
Щ鵱УкܶϤı߿أȴ֮أƾκӦ
ߴҲһЩչ˷Χɱ
еĿɬֱκ鶼Ҫǿң
ǾЩʲôǲҪɼˣȥѳīһŮ˸ˣȻвǼ𣿾вҲͬġôͱӣǲİΪʲôǷҪѳ鴫ݵȥ
ߴܿ࣬ܣޡ
ʱͻȻǡоˣǱߡ̹硢칬½ǱߣѾ˳飬³ӶʧˣģҿͼƬˣģۡĿǣ
޵У
䣡
½ϣڸƴȺ壬Ȼڼ֮£Ŀںš
ߴߵϣȫɫ
ǵзڹŲ֪һʲôܣҲˡ
ޱУûо飬ֱ̫ˣ
½ģ¹һģҪΪ壬ķ磡Ҫͻƴ磬ҪĳɾͲࡣ
ڡǾȻڸͬƴսԲ񣬾ǶĿܡȻǵ񣬾ȻڸߺҪٵ֣·ǸˣĿе
ҪģǴ³߳ЩϣܵһǾɥҵĸо
Щ飬ɶ
Ǳ³֮󣬾Ȼӣ
ߴߣȻ³ǵУȴһֵĸо
ܽ磬һľ
ָо̫ˡԼ񣬸ߺ޵лҪ
ǰģߡȴеϣ
ģһģǵ룬ģ
ߴȫóȫʾΪǿһ档Щ嵽ǰģûܹõ³ġ˲ͻᱻǸ˺顣
̫ˣ
ңսϲἰ飬ϴĳ飬ڴ³ԴԴϵ߳
ԽֵġԽǿ
ߴ˼ϣ
Щǰǵĸܳ硣
ǵս;磬ȫޱȸ
Ⱥֱ֮߳ӱ߸
սѪսĩ֮ս
һĺƽ٣˵һޱȵĴ
ȥֻеסʲôðҪͲడǱֻظߣȻֻ֪سʲôʧȥеļ䣬ʧȥеһС
ָоʵǡ̫ˣ
ͬʱ
ߡ
īڽٵ
Ӱֵһ˲䣬߻Ҵǣֱӱ˾Ļ
ߵ³ӣڼī֮ವһ¾ˣ
óīеܾɥڵϣ³ܶͣһġ
Ҳ³ӣ֮ǰ̹칬½³ӡݣ
īһƵš
Ҵ飬ȴһӾ춯صĻΪīһ³Ӿˣ
ǵʿżĹ衣
īַųֻ֮ţĳ飬ʼֻ֮ӿ롣
ǴīܹĸоԼϵʩչֻصֻصƿأҲʱӾˣңƿصֻ֮ǰǿˣ
ⲢĺôǡֻضһϿɣ
һΣīԽֻصŻøһЩ
ЩǣһֻصŻֱӷһСӿ롣
īһεõһǿĹ֮
öɢŵĻɫεľ壬Ҳ֮ǰ˼֡
óīַǳĸо
īӰϵĳĸء
һ˰³ӡҪ̹绹һ
³ӵУīȴûռһˡ
óīеơ
˵һΣֱӾһԶ޷Ľѡ


1968 ǿ
ٺ飬Գīͬ͸мѾһԸӵĳ̶ȡԣ̹磬磬칬½ǱߡдԼ֮īϻ۹
Ȼûг³ˮôңʤڳá
ö֮ᳬԽЩϻȡĹ֮ңʱƣŨ󣬳īһoһĴڣĳݡ
һԭһ޴ѵıʣ񣬾ȻǱ˳ī˵ĻԵֱ仯ǳīڱʳʼĽ׶Σζ벻ġ
ΨһóīЩǵģϣ졢ңϽЩǣֵܹʱӾóһЩ
ϾҪ죬ҲҪһʱġһͷͿĳκһطҲ
˵½ǱߣǼŰɡīûоʱ򣬾ȥ½Щ塣
˵ȥ
īҲţƾЩսٿԼһʱ䡣
Уͨһƽ٣ԿǱߵ־һ޴ġ
īûʱȥŰ壬Ի֪½ǱߵȴѾȵĶҪˡ㿴ˣīҲĴ߲ܶȥЩǡ
ûôɵ
īʱߣһо³ӳ֣
ܴڶ࣬ң쵱Ҳûģ¾壬飬ҪԶʤϽ졣
³ֵģҲԶһЩ
ߵ³ӣóīܿģ
Ϊī³һͷųóīϤ־ѹҪīֱѹ˻еһ䡣
Ϊ飬³˵Ѿˣֱᳵ·
һΣȴһߵϣ
нŵĻһ÷ǳۣ
īһΣûֱӿֻ֮ţΪЩ³߳ĳǣ·ϡⷽԲûۼĴǡ
ԣʱ䡣
īֱӳ³߹ȥ
ǿֲ־ųīֱѹ־У͸һǿҵķŭƺī־ٶһ
īԽԽʱֲֿ־ѹҲԽԽǿ
īᣬǰߣڣߵһٽ㡣Ҳʵ飬Ҫ³ӵʱ򣬳īѾо³ӣԶԼĿǰܵС
ܹѹôֲ飬Ǳһ߾ߵĵ񣬲ûԭġ
īȻǰˣȴ׼ŭͷҲβ³ӡһˣǵأ滹޾ŭ𣬳ųīֱĹ
ɲͨ˻³еĺˮ˵ÿһ΢С˻һ൱ǿ飡
޾ںһ󻯳һ³ӣĳһˣ̶ֲȣֱ
ûһֻصͷȻǳīҲ϶ǿ˾ܶԶԶ
һֻԵģѹһе
ԶأīѾоһͷƤˡ֪ҲˣҪ³мȡƾġ
ۿǾĹīһָ
һ޴ŻȻǰããؼγˣ
ŻɢŲֹϵϢ޾ֻصĵ뷨
䣬ͽ˵ͷһӸ˽
ľˣڿŻһ˲䣬ȫǷһĳŻӿͬʱȴһɸӺΰȥ
³ӣ˲ӿȣ
ǱŰĺһǷľˣ
Ǿ˵Уɢһɹɲʵź
īһĵڣ
ֱ³ӵϷٴοŻ
һЩӿľˣǹױȵĹԣֱӾͳŻȥˣ
Ȼ󣬻иľˣҲҪŻȴ³ӷĸȥ
ŻѾǳīĿǰļˣ
ɥ֮Ȯһ̿ߵ³ӣīЩźĵֻܹŻôͿԵõĹ֮ˣ
ڣīǳˣЩ֮λøߣ
λߣھ֮ϣۺϷģ
սΪ硢Ρֻصƿأ⣬ȫ뵽һߵĲȥ
ڡīŻõ˴ľˡǾĹ֮óīŵĸоʵ̫ˣ
ָоҲʵ̫ˣ
īѾϾĵ壬Ȼٴһ㵭ʣ
ЩʣȻֺںĶȴͬ嵱еɣ
ɣī꣬ҲδܰǸڴ˿̣ȴλӲıڸ˳īһͷеЩʣֱƮɢˡ
Ȼ󣬳īоˣˬƮȻɵĸоޱǿҡ
ͬʱ嫵磬ڳīУҲø
ӦϽңе³ӣ
һֱϵĵﵱУǿɢŵɫεľ壬ûг󣬵ɫȴ֮ǰҪ˲١Ѿʼӽɫ
ͬʱīڸоԼȻʼģһҪʼɶļ
ֱ仯óīǳȣͬʱҲϲѡаѵ˵ֹ֮Լøǿøǿ˶ԼĴ澳
⵱һľϲˣ
ڳīվ³еĵһͬʱǱңԶЩǣֻ֮ܵɢϢֱӾͷѰĳСһѷһĳųī߳
īվУûжȺ鶯ֵͷ
Щ飬ҲĴӶȫûпһͬʯͷˮֱӳīֱ࣬ƹȥȻ󣬱ǱߵŻӿ롣
ԣ
īǣЩǽ뵽ֻ֮ţһ֮ϣҲ¶ĵЦ
һ뵽ŻУīһʧ
֮ǰľһЩ³֮䣬Ȼϵġīֻһ³ռһˣ֮ǰ³ӣڸܵϢʱ򣬾Ѿʧˣ
һ³ӣڳī֮ǰѽĳٻڳīûеõٹ֮
óīеƣЩ³ӺСһ㹦֮ô
ȴǲ֪ܴ³еõ֮飬δйƴռ³ӱ˵ġǾ޽У
Ѿһֿٵһˡֱ뵽ʷУŨīزʵһʣ
ڳī˵ȴر㡣
ֹţֱӳңǱ߷ȥ


1969 Ӷ
һ³õĹ֮ࡣ³ӼȻóī˾޴ջ
Уǿ龧壬ѾĳɫɫѾʼе㳯źɫתˣ
īľ磬ҲУϵ
̹簲ȫˣ
칬½ȫˣ
찲ȫˣ
찲ȫˣ
ЩһһĽΣ֮ǰʮֳŵķ磬һεĻָ֡
ֻһΣеϢδٵġ
ܶͼͼƬ˵Щ״̬飬ȴڸлۣ
۵޵УЩۻûȥֵܽǲҪżĺˣ۾Իǣ
̫ˣ֮³˱ܣѣڸոգ̫ˣһĻҵ궼ڲҷģԶҲһĻˣ
һεͼԼɣ
һӰĹ磬ըˡ
ΪһӰ񣬷ǳļ¼³ӵĳ֣Ȼĳ³߳ʼʩŰ
¼ӰҲһĶʿӷǳһֱңңĸȺ飬Ȼ治ʱת֣ӿ³ȥ
ȺŰĹųǱһ
УʵѾкܶӳ˹ųǣɢӿǴ඼ˡ
ΪЩžǳеĵطȥģ
ǲϵĽɱ¾ɱ¾ΨһĿģ
Ѿʼ˷˵Щ鲻ϵĽɱ¾ǲڽĳʽ
˵ڻȡʲôġ
̫ˣÿһ鶼иָͬ뷨ԣܻһЩ뷨ǳӽࡣ
ӰǰΣе鶼оѹ֡ЩոٹҴ飬ȫһָͬܵĸоǺѹ
Щ棬һӰĽ٣䣡
³ӣǵӰٵһ˲䣬ವһ¾ʧˣ
һ˲䣬ʧӰٵģ
лָԭָоֲ³Ӵûгֹһ
ţǿеĳۣһֱ֣ӳ޴Żû֪ŻζʲôŻ֮䣬ƣ¶Żɣӡ
ȻЩڹųŰĳǣͬˮһ㣬ʼĳŻȥ
գۼ䣬еĳȫʧˣ
ȫŻУ
ţ۵ӰһҲˡ
Ǳʿ¼û˸ģ
۹ܳǼŻʲôѵֻ֮𣿳ȥֻȥ𣿡
ǻ᲻֮ţ۰ЩĶˣ
۵ֱֲ̫ˡǵ䣡
ϣըˡЩңϽ飬ۿһĳǾ³ӺܽЩ飬ʵ̫־ˡ
ΪЩǣʱǵǰ
īҲٶȷǳ죬ңʱӰҲֱӱ¼
Ӵ飬еģ
ϣܿٴδһλ档
īｵֱ֮ӳֲƥֵ³ӣȻ޴Żֱ³ӣ
ԣҹȥģ
޴ŻƣֱӴ³ȥеһŻֱ³ӵС
Ȼ˶˻ޱ𺳵һĻ
ΪһεĻ棬ֱģ
Ҳ˵ڷ飡
ոջޱȿֲ³ӣųҹȥŻȻʼ죬ŰͬһͷҲβľبڲУŤţ
ܿ죬³ӾʧˡֻʣŻڸ֮ϡ
Ȼ޾ԶЩǣһѷĳŻȥӣ·Լٶһ㣬ںһ
գ֮䣬еĳ飬ȫ׵ʧˣ
ǵӰҲȫˣ
۵ӰҲ˲ʧ󡭡ŻһģʧС
īȻ֪÷Ű¼Ӱ񡣵ûᡣʵϣҲȫ֡
ŸոһõĹ֮ѾֱǸѾʼľ壬ױˣ
Ϊڸոգǵҽ³֮󣬾ȻޱĽǺӵ׵ӰӰֱӳ˽ȥ
Ҳ³ӵ־÷Ͱѳīѹˡ
գ³ӻˣѡ뿪
ΪôһĹǵŻѾ³дĺˮ
³˼άǵĻһŭѡָīǸˣ
īڵı֣˵ĸ˿ȥûʲô
һ·Ǹ
³ˣˣ
ǸͲں³ϵ־
ΪУīԼҲڲϵıøǿ
ǿȫԼû취ģ
˵֮ǰոմ³лȡ֮ĳīܸߴƴ൱ôڣߴ߶ϣīаաشߵ£ֲܣ
ңīţֻҪȥĻлᣬһˡѹߴߣ
ڣߴߣӦҲûʲô˼˰ɣ
硭һӰ
һĿӣ
޾飡еĳ飡
ҾͲһͰѵȺٴθˣҪǵʱߴ߻Ҫ˼ĻҲֻ˵һ¡
Ƿˣӻв
ô򵥣
ңһҲо³ӳ֡
ĳŰóīЩǣ³ӵʱ³ӣȻûܡ
һΣǿ˺ܶ࣬ѾױɺɫĳīһԴ³ӰͬʱƵ³֮ˮ
ջ񡭡ֱ̫ˣ
óīֲŵĸоǷǳ
³ʧ֮ǰīֱӴһȥлл
³ӲֱӾͷˣ
վ飬Ȼϵ־ҲзŭͿ־Щܵ˵ȴԵӡīҲѾЩ³ӵһЩɡ
³ӣ˴˼໥ϵġҲиģ˵ոҪǿһЩͬʱ³ӣҲû̫ϵ
óīοϣ³ӣܹ΢һ㡣ҲеĹ֮ǣ
īӰңʧʱǸľ壬Ѿʼ÷ˣ
ǾĺѾܹԵĿɫͬʱһͬ˿һɫ壬ɫľ塣
ͬʱīд־Ҳʼ˴ɶ
īûʱȥоֱ仯һϽ죬޾ڵȴ


1970 ³߳ǿ
īʱѾһЩЩ飬еĴģɱ¾ֺѪɱ¾һʽһֶΣ
ǳīڲϵʩչֻصͷУֻصƿøǿֵ֮⡣
Щɱ¾ԺֻһԪ飬뵽ֻصУǵԪ飬Ѿ൱Ĳ
Ԫ飬ųɱ¾뵽³ӵС
֣óī޾ŭȼ
֮ǰû뵽ԼӶ³е³ʵһʼӶ
ЩǽǸƨ绹ʲôֱ
īԭͶӶ³еûһ֮ģڣûˣ
ɴϽе³ӣ֪Ϊʲôֻ֮ӣȴóīǿľ裬ڸӦ³ӵʱԵĸо³ӵǿֲ
ϵ־޾ңԶһƬƬǺӣֱѹȹ
ī˵ӡŽ
³ӡȻǣһˣ
ī
ףԼ̹硢칬½졢졢ңзĲӶ³еӦ³ӵľͷŭ
ΪΣոճںɴϽ쵱еʱ򣬾ͿһޱȾ޴³ӣֱӳѹȹ
һ
īҲѾӦֱ仯īϣû¶η֮ɫ
ֱӼӡ³
޴³ӵײЩӰȴóīͷƤĸо
̫ˣ
ںӵеӰʵ̫ˣ
ģһһҪܼ־֢ˣһĻһġ
īûܼ־֢Ҳе㱻ŵˡ
Ϊ֪ӰһӦöһ޵ڣ
ЩǣѾ³еһ˻ܹĴڽεǿ󣿳īһֱѾ֮ǿˡ
³еһӰÿһ·𶼲ڵСȥ
һЩӰԸһѹȸСڻѹȵĴڣʲô磿᲻ǳԽ˴ĴڣīԴˣɡҲȷҲЩӰڱ³֮󣬲֪٣ϵϢ³Ӽӳˣűġ
³Ӻ϶Ϊһبڳī֮ǰѾеĳȫٻˡ
һĻҲϽ첻Ĵڣֱȥ
Ǳߵ飬ȫԸо³ӵĲ֮ͬ
īվ³ӶĲ֮СһĿ³ӣûеһʱֻ֮ţҲûκξٶֻǵʵ㣬һʲôĴڣ

ô鹵ͨأΪ´ĵˣôž޵飬ôǿĴڣ¾޵Уգµ¡Ϊµķ²Ϊ³еһ˻һӰ
ԣڷһߣ޾鿴һĻж⡣ǿֲĺӡĸйصĻôǾش۵ġ
е飬ȫΪī˰ѺĿУ۹Ȼ޵еģҲֲ̫һ㡣
һΣǸŷ磬ܸоӵĲѰɢϢ˼
º
飬вһӡ
ǿĴڣ޷ԽһӰ
ܶǶ˵飬ȫп
īʵĿΪΣ
һΣǱߣеȫסˡǿƺ۵ӣȥȫ⡣ѵ˵ֲ֮ӡĻشˣ
ʱ򣬳īһ̾˵Ȼ䣬ΪʲôҪȡ£䣬ֻƿأҪã
Ȼ֪º˵ЩʲôīĻش𣬼ֱ̫ˣ
ְȫ˳ŷ磬ʹ÷ŰۿһĻÿһ
Ҫã
Ҫºã
ҲΨǿĴڣŻ˵־׵Ļɣ
û£ûһУƨɡīϣȻ¶һĨЦݣ˵Ҿãһ飬ΪܹȥͲϵǲǡķ֮ĴڣǱĳЩˣҪΪǴȥ޾
īⷬԭ飬ٻЩ⡣
½Ǳߣڸ鼤սߴߣͨľ޴Űī仰֮ȴһǵ۾Щֱ벻īȻʳ⡣
⡭ȴޱȹĵ⣡

¡ѵһĹ
ר󣬱޾һȺʹã
һУֱֲ̫ˣ
ʱ򣬾ͼ³Уֱ߳ǧӰǳֵٶȼֱ̫ˣ
ֱɢܽ綼Ϣȴһųī˹
īٶҲ쵽ԸӣֱӼֻ֮ţ
󣬳ī۵һһѪ
һε飬һӾ͸̫ĳīˡҲкܶ˷֣³ѪȲǺɫҲЩĽɫ
ǡЩϵһɫ
ֻ֮ţһ֣³Ӷ궯Ƿһֱӳųīѹ
ͬʱҲǳֻ֮ѹ
ӣҪӲĳī˼
㲻Ҫ³Ӷ㲻һֱôܺãڸ࣡
ҾҪ㣡
ī³ӵ־еõϢģ
³ӣҪӲİѳī
ףīü䣬¶һĨ޾ļ֮ɫ
һ֮䣬ֻأ֪ٴˣ
ҪַŪ棡޵е£ҲУ
īһĨ֮ɫ
ʼֻ֮ţӶ³е棬īȡ̫̫Ĺ֮
ͬʱ³߳ЩӰһģȫֻ֮ųȥȫûпīһ
ŻȻЩ޷ЩԽԽӰˣ
ֻһǧʵϣÿһӰɢǹƣԳ磡
ǵ̫ǿˣīţЩӰǴ˵еЩ顣˵顣
ҲǶڹΪ̫ˣīû˵
¾ûž޵ĴڣīĲ֪Ҳ޷㡣죬ǿ۽ˡ
ڣֻ֮ţЩŲסˡ
ʼҡҡ׹̮ķա
īֲܵ³־ĳŪ
ȴɫ䣬Ϊеǿ龧壬Ѿ˴ɫ
һɫˮɢϢóī壬һνдģɱ䣡


1971 ֻ֮
Ǳ߸ոһĵǣϤ͸оīĲͬѰˡΪдӳīб
ͥпͷŰϵʿͻȻ侪⡭ǺȺ֮Ҫ߼ĶУȻôĺ۵Ѿ˺⡭̫˼ˣ̫˼ˣĴͲ࣬ôһ֣
ϵʿ˼飬һԵϺУ˫ֺʮӷ𡭡Եˡ컯ۡ˲𣡡
ųī׷䣬ԭҡҡ׹ŻҲһ˲䣬ֱӱȹ
ȹ̣Ǳߵ飬ȫܵˣ
̫ˣ
֮ţ
ƾºĳȻ
ԽԽӰ³ӵĺӵ߳ǲϵŻ
īʱͻȻһºУٴγŻ
һΣīһѪ
һεѪ򳹵׵ġɫ
̫飬Ѿע⵽㣬ʵ̫ɻˡȫô¡
Ψм飬ߴ֣ǵ۾ֱˡǻ֪ī³ͻƼҲױΪĴˡ
ֻȴеޱȵĲ˼飬޷⣬īô³Ӷģ
ѵǸֻйأ
һ
Ƕ̫ˣǻҲ̫ں̵ܶʱڣǾѾһеɡ
ϴһɬĸ̾ˣΨ쳾г񣬲е񡭡ֻαǳ飬Ҳˣ
鲻ܱἰڣҲνˡ
У¶ŨŨĽ֮ɫ˵֪½磿
һ߿ɬ˵һ½磬ǾܳΪϿɵΪʲô˺ӶᣬǶʲô
һ˵ǰ֮ǰ̫СˡʵСе硣С磬ֻҪķֻҪֻءôΪߣԴмȡ֪ʶͷḻľ顣쳾гӦþôġ
ļ̾ϢǣСһ磬ҲֻصģΨǵûС
ļĿЩͣԣǵʲôأһ𣿡
ļ˵ǲ٣ΪԼˡʵϣǵĸһֱǡٵУǲ޴Ⱥˣһ磬ԼˡûֻأʵûδЦǣһֱ죬ǶڷΪûеδȥŬ
ϴ˵³У˺ܶϤףڸոգһֻŻǣҿˡʼ档Ȼ޷˵ģֻ߽֮šȻҪȥֻأΪѾС
½ҵսȻڼߴߣȴȫѾ͸̫ĶҲǵ죬ⳡ֮󣬲׹
׵ЩҲ
ⳡѣܹɹȹĻָ֮ϵìӴ˺󣬽ˡ
ǣܻȥ𣿳īѡ𣿾ᡭֵܼʱûīԼҲڿ֧ţô
ǵģīԼҲڿ֧ţ
ʮֻ֮ȫһ޴ֲֿ³ӣޱȷĳʮŻͬʱҲҪīɽȥ
īʵе̫СԼˣĴڣ³ӻû߹
Ϊˣ٣Ҳͳôһѡ
޾Ĺ֮ºķҲʼӿ뵽ī嵱С
īеǿ龧壬ɫŸɫݱ䡣
Ѿе㷢ˣ
ĵɫһɳɫȻ󣬴ӳɫһݱ˺ɫȻ󡭡÷ϣϵķڣ
龧壬ѾЩԭɫˣ
һһãһɫˮ
ɢ޾ġˮ
䣬ûˮǶһ޶ġһ飡
⾧ڳīĵﵱУɢ˿˿ƵҲڲϵĸųī
ī壬ˣ
ȻиĿռ䣡
֮ԴԴϡµĺҲӿ
˫ƺڼ֣˭ļָһ㡣˭͸ǿһ㣡
ʮֻŻ󿪣޾º棬һΣʮŻȴǳȹ̡īûΪǿֻصŻ
ΪʮŻҲѾļˣ
ʮŻʮһ
ÿһ룡
µĺѾ̫̫࣬ʮŻˡ
³˵ƺʲôӰ죬Ͼ̫ˡҲ̫ˡǲϵʽʮŻУҲ˿ڼ١
ʵϣ΢ҲǼ˵ģ
ڣһӰ֪ΪΣûн뵽ʮŻеһǾԳųī߹̤˶УÿһڸԶյСֻȻߵ˳īǰ
߱˲ڳīУīȴûֱӷ𹥻
ӰͬҲûжԳī𹥻ڴī
īͬҲڴӰȻӰǳʣǱߵ飬ûܹĳࡣīȴܿ
ӰϣٶҲסī˫ۡ
һܸɾˣ˵һԲ԰ף˫Ŀȴһ۾ڿĸоͷֻһһ㡣
ееЩͽ
Ȼǣϴ·Ҳ̫ˡʽīûм
˫һᣬˣȻֱӿˣ
Ҳǳī³Уǿһˡ
ǿȻֻ˵֣ȴ˺ܴһ
һɾˬûжٹ档һ壬վǰкһ
ҲǿīԵ˵
ǿͲᱻûСԲ԰׵ϣ¶һĨį֮ɫȻû˫ۣ˵ƿֻص֤һ޾ֻأȻûʧȥģҲûʧȥġһܴͼ߼ȴıĵˡֻ˵ֻ֮Ī
īҡҡͷֳֻ֮ƺţûʲôоǶ˵ݣԼ³ӱǳȤΪī֪³ӣǲķ֮⡣
֮ǰ³ӹͨĹУ³ӵ־ģֻǸ߳īԼ䣬ҪȡīҪ֪ࡣҪӡ֤ԼĲ²⡣
°˵ϣ¶һĨ˼֮ɫȻ󻺻˵ȷӦô䡣һܹźܹŵ壬ӦÿóҲʱ֡Ի͹ȴįߵһ֪ء


1972 ʮ
īִ𰸲Ǻ⣬ڵ״̬Ҳе⡣ºĳˣңҲڳ˷ĳƺҪֹīĽ
ʱ򣬻˵Ϊֻ֮ɷӦһ󣿡
˵īԶֻ֮ƺš
˵Ҫʮֻ֮ŵһŵţֻءȴ㿪ʮֻ֮ţôͷֳʮˣҵأ
ʮ
ī΢΢һüңҪһ֮
˵ͷ˵ѾƿֻأԼûз֣½ͻˡһ֮ƿһЩ顣ȻôԻ͵ĴڣӿֻأȻ޾ĺôھ޴
ΪʲôҪңīҲģ
ºÿһ˻һޱȻԻ͵ĴڣÿһκһԻ貵Ĵ
ȫӿֻأʵ͵һ
ò˶꣬Ǿͻٴ䣬ʱһֻأܲͦסǸ˵⡣
㣿ǰɡʵģҪԼ˺̹ϣʵʵ˵ųī㲻ⱻ³еֱҲºеΡʵӦѾŵǿߣֻ֮ţȫԥȥ»ʧȥ䣬»ʧȥһӵеģҲ޷˵뿪³ӡΪʵһ޷ĥ
īͷȻˡлкܶ⣬ʺʳΪ³ӣѾױŭˣʼĻīҪȫûɵ
ҴӦ㣡ī˵
ųī仰֮ϣȻһ⣬˵嵱С΢΢һ漴¶οЦݡųīһ񣺡л
һֱû뵽һֻ֮ŵУǵŻ˲⻪š˲䱩Ǻܶ౶³ˮȥͬʱǵŻȹ̵޷ĳ̶ȣ
³ӿʼ۳ָĹĳųīߺ
۳һޱǿӰǸԶһʱĶӵŸֵ뷨Щ³ģġȴӵŲѷɫ˶ٵս
īûֱӦսٵȥ˵ٶҲǿ쵽˼ĵز
ʱǱߵѾȫߵı仯ˡܹģֻһģӰȫʲô
ֻܿƬ֮ϣˮ죡
ʮŻȻиո˽ǵŻӴȹ̡ƾºĳҡ
ʱһӰȻ³ӵĵײ̤˶УֱӳߵĹУﲻ⿩ѪѪȫǴɫģ
³赲ȴȫ³ӵĹǳųīֻ֮һ֮
īϻֺϢƾ³ӹ治ɫҲɸе塣ʣ
Уһ⽵١ս˵嵱СȻӰֱû뵽һŻС
һ̣ǵŻͬϢǣ
ŻҲøӴ
ֵֻ֮ţûֵģȫһ
³Ҳˣζû뵽֮󣬺ױٻһΣΪԼȡ嫵ȴ˴Լ϶˴
ʼԳīչ͵Ĺ
ī³Ӵս
󣬵ĵߵӰֱ³ӵĲͬλ̤˶Сֱӳ
ǵȴ٣ȫΪĴڡǳ˯ţΪ˵ȴһᡣ
ѹȫĴۣǿֻҪܰ³ӵ¸ٴĴۣҲֵõģ
ǲ׽ǵֻ֮ţȻʧȥһȥתֻءҪԼݼʵԶֻ⣬˵õĹޣ
һʱĴܣֱīҪֻص֮λ
īһ߸ºսһֱӦʣ
޾ЩҫŵĴܻᷴѣԣУžԵź͵
âϡ
˷ֱŻС
ˣѾߵֻŻˣ
ֻأʮ߸Ѿˣ
³ˮߵŻߡ
ʱ򣬻һЩӰ³ӵĵײ߳ƺҲҪīǰǵʵѷһ˳īĽǰͱ³ϵ־ţƴҪص³С
ЩӰ֮£׷תͶʮŻ
˭ʸΪһġ
ī³֮ĴսڼһƬ죬ֱӱˣ
³ӵҲ̫£ңû֪˶ٵľӢܣҲû֪ģٵĵ뷨
ôʱ䣬³ӵĹûģ
Ĺīȫ侲ӦԡȻҲܵһЩڿѪȴʼ൱ȣҳš
һεĶ֣κһͬ
Ϊֵ֣£
ȴ޵еģ
һֱڣ³Ӷûʩչľɱ
ǾɱΪʱ⣡
īյʱͿռķ򣬸µľɱʱкܴģ
Ϊһ³ӡȫԼλΡīɵ
ΣֲֿóīΪޣΣóī˲ϣ
һоɱ³ӣȴǲ׵ĶԳīʩչΪͬ¡Ӱ̫ˣȻ£Ҳ
ֻԳī˵ȫ㲻ľɱȻóīˣȴ޷óīӸϱѹ
ʱһĸߴӰ³̤˶Ӿˣ
Ϊÿһߵĺȣƾºгˢȴܶҡһ¡ÿһߵĺ˵ĸоɢһ
ī˵ͬʱͬʱҲڿųī
ӦһޱȾԶʱʿɢƣضһָĸо
ϵĵ뷨ͬʱ
ֻ֮ᣬһֻص֮λ
߳ңңĶųīʩһȻ˵һ䣺ͬԿ£
˵䣬һӣԭһֱųīĻˣ˲䵹ȥ
Ǿгſֲȴһںı顣
īˣ۾һʣ
лٴζԳīʩ񣬵ȴû뵽ֻŻУǻתº֡
һ֣ʯ쾪
óīɣǿ³ӡס٣
ʱ³Уٴ߳ӰӰȻòһģһŮӡüֳ֣ǹһ߳Ȼųīһݡ
ֻص֮λ


1973 һ
īŮӣ˵ͷʣ
Уâ˵ϡϹ⻪šţȫûѡصֻ֮ŵУǾվ³ӳ֡
ֵ뷨ҷɣֱַӻһֲԶս
īܹĸоʮȫӵ˵ϵĹ֮ȻøŨˣ
ΪʮŻȫޱȾ޴󣬾º
īеǿϺɫľ壬ҲѾ˴ĺɫڵɫųīĹ֮ǿϵıø
īϵҲѾǿһԸӵľء
ϵĴ澳ѿһ϶Ȼһ϶ȴǵ϶棬һóīԼеս
ֱߣӿƥ
䣡
գ˳ѷ쳹ױ
Ȼֱӳ˳ī֫ٺ
ī桭Ȼһεġųһʡ
ȻЩѾٺ٣ͬҲ˵īһηɱ䣡
һΣųЩʣһ㣬ǳҪغܶ౶
ЩĲˡ
Ǳߵ˫̥ŮӣǸϵӣȫӦīֱ仯ǵϣͬ¶һĨĽ֮ɫȻųīأϲɾ壡
īֳ߱죬նº
һΣֲºȥˡ
ƺҲѾƣˣҲЩ־塣󴫵ݸīһϵǣû꣡
īĿ³һʧС
Ȼ֮ϣֻʣʮֻŻСɫʯţƣһʥׯ϶ޱصĸо
ʱߵŻУ߸ֱ߳
һΣԳīʾл
ī滹ЩˣȫĴǰ׹һʱľŵĴ
ǹĹУʵ̫ӰҲ߹ī֮λЩ˵ʵҪ˲١ûߵīǰ
Ҳлλī˵
ʮͬĵҲڰԼ
󣬳īûżȥ½Ǳߣʮ
³ӣǲһ飿īʵ
Ǹϵӣĸīͣ£ȷһֲ顣ҽģµȫ
ǴӺɳʱʼ㣬졭³ӳ֣ôҪʤûܡһγֵ³ӣȷЩɢû뵽һǿҵķأǶΪһġ
ʮˣȫԼΪϵͬһʱжϲ㣬ʮˣҲˣǸǸʱеǿߡǶ˫̥ãǳͬһʱ֮⡣˱˴˼䣬ԭҲǲʶġ
³֮ҲûйκνǶһʱǿߣԣܱ·ӡסˣȻ
ڵȵᣬ̤˶µƿء
īӸǵĽ֪³ӣһʼɳǸʱѾˡǾֻܴȥںδģûġ
³ӣǻۣڰķĻӰʵ̫ˣ˫̥еһ˵
ǣֻأīʵ
ֻأķ⡣²ǡһ뵽ֻ֮ŵ˵
Ҳ˵û³ӣе飬ữ㣿īʵ
ʮȫĬܾ֮˫̥õеһˣЩɵ˵ĳ˵𣬼ɥʧ顭ȴ治ġֻص֮£Ϣ³ȴȫͬˡΪ³Ӿȥ֮󡣻ᱻ⡣ֻ֮⡣û˭ܹƿء
īͷˣ¡ֻأӿֲͺ
ǵġʮһͷ
ǻصֻ֮ŵУֻ֮ţһͬʧ
֮һ̸ûбǱߵϤΪѾһ֮Ϣ֡
û֪ʲôԣīӰ߳ʱһߣˡ
ڻ
Ѿһʤˣ
ϽΣлۣ
̫ˣҶˣ
ҲˡһѾʮ꣬Ѿǵһʲôʱ죬ڣˣ
ߣе飬ȫѡȻ֪۵ͨʲôʽսʤⳡ٣ⳡֲĽεġȴ֪Լȫˣˣ
½Ǳߵ飬ȴȫᡣ
ǲǵһΣеγܹһϵ
컹ûгװȫ½
ۣɣˣ½ͿҪˣȥǾͼֲסˣ
ۣҲ񰡣
½ߣ壬ͨ磬ֱӷǲȷܲܿ˵Ļڣȴ̫ϣܹˡ
ߴǱߣȫĬȻڸ³߳ĳսǴ˿̣ҲȫѾƣߡȥĻ
һ̣ǵУϣīأǲϣأԼҲ˵ˡ
ʱ˿̣ߴߣʵٻһżӵġȻѾ֪ī磬칬½ǱߡȻִΪΪīֻط򣬲ջʤġ
ûīѾУȫﵽһ޷ľ硣
߸棬ֻ룬Ϊ߸һֵͬĻһܽīѹסġ
ߴߵھţīĹⳡΣҪҪûһѣ
ȰǰΣ˵ɣ
ǵĹȻȫ飬ҲǵۡȴҪĶԸովǵĳīֵĻ᲻ЩҲ˲ͷˣ
µʮа˾ţǻģ
ˣ
ĻΡȷһɣ
ߴߣ໥һۣͶ˶Է˼
ʱߵʧѾǳ޴ˡѾнӽ֮һ飬ⳡˡ
һֲĴ٣һս
壬Щϱ飬òӭս
֮ԳôĿҪԭڡ½̫Сˣ
粻һ½ֻʱһƬ½ȻҲӴ󣬵ʵϣҲֻеоˡԣ½ϵ飬ǳУ
ټϳīһֱڶûйЩڸսз׷䣬ҲͲΪˡ
ҲΪԭ½ϵĺܶ壬ƴķϣīܹǡ
ʱ򣬿ҲֻߴߣŻָӵ˼
֮ǰЩ½ͲмĳǣѾǷ˼ΪֲֿĽ֮¡ܻȥѾһ־޴ʤˡ


1974 ½
īջˣ
Ӱ½Ͽյʱ½ˣ
ǱߵķУҲˣ
½ߣһƬڣ
ţǵˣ
䣡
޵У
̫ˣۣǲܹˣǾСһ𣬲Щ뷨
ۣǵĴǶ֪ˡ
֪ˣ
½ߣһƬ֮£ŴǸĻ壬ֱϲӵĸ֮£ԼġϿҵĵǸ
ߣЩ궯
̫鶼Щ⣬ΪʲôҪȥ½
ƾʲôѽǵģΪʲôҪǣѵͲ£ͷٷҧһ𣿡
ǰƾʲôǣۣլʺ񣬵ҲԼĳжȰɣ
ⲻˣΪʲôҪأ
ȻЩһֱܰǼܹ˼һûгǾһǵĵˣǣͷǻ᲻ҧһڣ
ЩڵǸ˭֪ǲ᣿
ߣ洦ɼ
ҲһЩ
İɣ۲Ƿǲֵˣ壬϶оǵĵУǱˣֲĺӡ֮󣬻᲻Űأʱǻٴľ޴˺һ㣬ִٶ£ѵ壿ѵ½ǱѾʲôˣ
ۼȻôͿ϶ɣЩˣոձΣ֮УͿʼɳ𣿳޾£ÿһĳɳǶУʲôʱԲ飿
ǺöЩûСǺźֳ֧۵ġʲô飬ǶԵģ
£վڳߵģԭҿԸǷһ¡
κ飬˼ǹġΪһ𣿷ֻƾ˵ĺöжϣ
ϣΪ£һšʵ˫ҲǺܿƵġϾոһشΣЩеɳīҲҴʴǡ
ߡ磬Ͷȥ͵ġֻһԿšͬʱǸҪСʱܳǰĳ顣
½ߣī
ûȥߴߣֱӳ½Ͽ³߹ߣҲһ³ӡӣȴϽֵϳһ³Ӳࡣ
ǳ޴
ݹƬաب죬ĻƬաĳ飬ȻԴԴϵĴ߳
ī֮³ӣֱӱһϵ־ųīֱѹ
¡¡
īΧĲ񷣬ֱӾͱϵ־ˣ
Զߴߣ˲ȥһڽɫѪҺȻ϶¶ޱ𺳵ı顣ŷ֣ԭ³ӾȻֿµȻܷϵ־й
սôʱ䣬³ӶûκεķӦ
⡭
໥һۣȫ֣رˬĸо
ףԭǾȻһֱûб³ӷ
ͬʱһң
Ϊ³֮ǰͶǷֹ߸ֹ֮£ֶܼã
ʱٿǱߵĳīȻһƵı飬Ȼһ³߹ȥ
˵Уȫ¶һ޷ŵ顣
ϵ־ǽǱմȾһ㣬͸оԼʱܻī׵壬濹ǵϵ־ȴƵ
⡭ô
ոաڸոգī֮ǰʲô
ҪҪڳī³֮󣬶֣
ǲҪһ
ִڡܷһģ
ѹˣ
ѹ壡
ԭĳīȻѾǿᵽֵزѾ׵ıһˣ
缴ʧ壬Ҳʧȥǵ⻷īǹȥȫûзеۣȴһĶڣ
ߴߣȫӿһǿҵıƣȻһֲ־ϮˣٴһڽɫѪҺȻԶȴ
ɴʼգīȴûпһۣ
·ߴߣһûκ֮
ʧͲʵߴļ䣬ƷΪɬζ
Ǻεȵķ⣿εȵǿƣ
½ȫе壬ǵУҲֻһſӰˡ
ǴǽԼֵģ
ŷ֣ԭǲ֣һֱǡīҲǣ˼һҪӣ
ڣЩˣѾ˳ֻ̣վ棬ɬĿųīݺᡣ
īʱѾ³ӽǰ³ӣֱӱϵ־ͬʱһֱӻһѿݺնī
൱׺ݵһ
ⳡٷ֮ǰ̶ȵĹī治˵ȫ٣ˣ⧲֮£ˣ
Ϊһ̫أ̫̫죡
ڣ³һոշ˲䣬īǿڵ÷ѾȫһƬīɫľ壬ֱɢһױȵγһ
ıܷӦȳīķӦҪ죡
ⲢǳīеķڲΣ֮ı
ܣֱˣ
¡¡
ڳīΧȻ䱬һ
һ֮£ƺûʲôš磬ݺݵĲһ£
絽ж󣿶ųɾŵ˵ˣ޽һ֣һҲδܹľͷ
ΨͷĽڣǾĵط֮µ飬Ҳֵܵط
Ӵһ磬ȻŲһ¡һжǿ֪
Ǳߵߴߣȫɫ䡣
Ըһǵͷϣǿ϶Ƿסģ
һôģ涼ǲģ
ǲ֪Լһζ̫ˡ
һȣǶΪԼߣǡڴ󳹴ԭǶǡ
һûκγīīĿǰӣʮֻ֮ţ˲䱻īٻ
һεֻŻֱ̫ˣ
ҪȸոճīϽʱʮոʱ򡭡Ҫܶ౶
Ȼ֮ʮֻ֮ţѾıֻصȥһˣ
ֻض˶ø
ºֻص
ʮֻ֮ŵĳ֣Щڸɱĳǣĳٻ׷׳ֻ֮ŷȥ
е壬ȫһ͵ĿһĻ֮ǰȻӷõһЩϢＰĿ𺳣
𺳣
궼ڲ


1975 忪
ĳȿֺֻ֮ȥӿºҲϵע뵽ǵŻС
ʮ޴ŻÿһŻһ嫵Ĵһ
һĻԶԿÿһǽⳡ
ߵĳīֱӸ³չ˼ս
³ӣȻǿ۳ĵ뷨ѷɫ֮ǰϽ³۳ֹ
ڳī³ӣҪϽеϳһ³ӡӿֲ
Ϊʱ˿̣ѾмӰ³߳£ɢ޾ѹս⣬ֱӳųī
ԣǲǹī׽ģ
Ϊ׵һˣڣͷϳǣϻƬһһעųīȻȻڵӰ£
īһ飬ü˵Ը³ӣҲԸ⡣ԣĻ͸ҹ
飬˲ŭֱһī
ī߱춼ûʹã̧־һƣ˵
ž
˫ֱۣڰУֱ໥ײһ𡣷һ졣
Ȼ󣬾Ϳ˵ֱۣ˲䴹£һֱȥ
Ȼīһƣֱϵйͷ
˲ҽгīһȭֱӴ˵ϣһȭ˵ԴӲ򱬣
ֱӽݽȥȻһõɳֱź󷽵ºɻȥ
ͨһˣºɡҲӰ
īĿ⣬ںǼӰ棬˵ǣҲܵģ
滹ˣĿ˳īһһȭͽǿ˸ɵĳȫʮ𾪣Ϊǵսûбǿȥ
ǵȷܵģ
ֻĿģȴͬ
ǸˣȻºȴѾǳʧȥǵһ߿տǣ
ѾȫºƣƳһеġ
ǼȴˡҪӳīȡֻص֮λǳ֮󣬾Ѿ֣ʮֻء
ǵзǳŭΪǼȲصºмӡҲӴ˺ʧȥ˼һУֻ沨
ԣͨǿѹȳīڳλá
뷨ǺõģҲ־ŵĴڣڸԵʱ˵һڷֳīս֮˶Щסˡ
һӦģųī¶Цݣ𾴵ֻ֮ûж⡣ֻ롭һʣֻصУǷпλ
ǵ۾˵ϹˣԼֲϹ־Ĵڣôῴֻصûпλ֮ôʣֻҪΪĻһ̵ˡ
īһۣûС
ǡǷΪڳλһЦݣ˵ǵʵǱ֮ǰȥЩǿ̫ˣ
ǰ𾴵ֻ֮ǰλøǣһҳһݵߣü۵ģһͲʲôö
˵־磬òȡī⼸ˣҲһøûСոǴǿҵĵǿֱӻǸˣô˵
ԳīǸɴ࣬ˣܡ
ˣֻһ飬ǶǻŵĴڣǰǰӦһ㡭Ǹԣվһòõߡһȥʮָ㣬ųī˵
īһۣ˵ҪôºȥҪôʵʵ˳ֻ֮ŽֻءûʱǷϻ
ʱºȻڶԳī𹥻׺ݵѹųī
໥һۣͻȻǶˣ
ֻҪѹסīƷôͿԱڳλ
飬ֻ֮˭Ҳˣ
ԣǱҪīѹ
ȻĻ͵ýֻصķֻֽ³бӡôһ㡣ǲܽܡ
˳ֵһ˲䣬īҲˣ
һΣУֱӳ߱죡
еǿ龧һޱۻ˳ųī屬
ȻһնֱӽˣȫС


֣

ȫŭֱӷǳ⣬һûС
Ϊͷ­Ѿīһ
ǽɫѪҺֱӳ죬һ֪µ飬ȻīһԴʵ̫˼ˡ޷
⻹û꣬īһ˵еˣն
һīԴǱīնˣ
ʣţˡǿһ١ǵϣȫ¶־֮ɫ
˭벻ʱߣȻֲ˹ǿֵز
񣡡ҴߵһǸߣһǸòһߡϼ޻
īն˵Ҳûǵսȴܵ޴Ӱ졣Ϊ֮߱ϣŵǹɱ¾ķڲϵĥǵ
⻹ûꡣ
īֱٶȿ쵽Ըӵĵزһһն˵ˣ¸߻صºС

ȫŭ
ȴֹֻŽߵɣһԶǡ
߻ص³ȥһΣȫṳ̂˶߳ˡֻܵȴһĻᡣ
һΡʲôʱ
ţ٣Ԫ
û֪
ߺһߣתǵĳīȻ򵹣ҪɱǣҪɱǣһᣬԸֻأ
ǾͿīһߵֿ³ӶĹһһ䡣
ɴ⣬ֱӳֻŻ
ڽŻ֮ȴĲҽС
ȻǸոڳīΪѾ䵽ʮСţʰһ£Ĳ֪˭ǿˡ
֮ǰʮȫǳīԼģôͳϵóīǳϲԣʵ֮ǰʮûʲô𣬳īҲκλġ
¶󵽡
³ӶԳī˾ɱ
³ӣͬĽīѹգڱʮֻŻ˴ºˮ֮󣬺ȥ
֮ǰͬϵīóīšһġһΣͲôˡ
īɭȻ³ӣȵ
³ӹˣȴǺŭ
ʱ򣬳īվһֱûΪһ˲䣬ƵĹ֮Ȼӿ뵽ī嵱С
īеǿɫ壬ƵĹ֮ȻġʼһҪ׵ĸо
͸
ʵϣģ
һֺڵֵӾϵƫ
ī㱻ƭȥ
ڵܣҲǿԸӵĵزԭѾѿһ϶ɢֲĴ澳һ̣ڳ׵ıˣ
Ǳɽĵ̰һǹױȵһкǧ
ֱӳīȫ
һľ磿
īԼЩ˵ָоʵ̫ˣ


1976 ߴ

ʲô
ɣ
ʲô
ҲҲգȫһ־磬һִڡһֶǿĳƺ
Ͳ࣬ȴڵġ
īһֱΪνеͲ̫࣬ա̫ˣ
һݣһƣ˲ޣʲôûˡ
ҲΪ벻ࡣ
ڣīЩˡ벻ʵ£¶ϣȥ
ų벻飬նᡣ
гȡ̫ȻЩתɹ֮γ˵񻹲ϵ壬ϵĽɱ䡣
ڴӴͻƳ
Ѿ벻У
Ȼڵĳī㲻࣬ȴֹؼԪҲ޾ӵңȫԪϵԼգɾ벻ࡣ
ԭ֮ϵľ磬㣡ǲ࣡
ֲãе飬սǿʲôز޷ӴͻƳȥ
ȻΪԭ
īи̾һ£ȻĻ鶼Ϊ֮Ľͼʵ⵱һ⣬ƴġ
ʱǱߵߣۿֲ³ȥ˳Ĵ󺣣ʧ
ʮֻ֮ţҲһȥ
ٿīվͬһɢ˿˿ֵϢϢǴδܵҲ֪һʲô״̬

⵹һûᣡ
໥һۡ
ʱ½ϣƵ壬Ȼ䱬һɽХһĻ
޵У
޵У
޵У
ߵɫһ±ȻȻӿЦһ¡̾Ϣһ
ϴΪףˣųīǱ߹ȥ
ǵīֶ״̬뿪ȻƽĿǡ
Ӧˣһθī
ǽٵ䣬ʹûļ˴ˡ
ⳡٷ֮ǰ˫ڵж״̬һ٣ΪҪܵۺµġʱûйȥáֻȴ˳ꡣ
ͬʱ½ϵ塣ԼǱߵ޾飬ȫڽŵĿһĻҪ׻ᷢ顣
³ӵĽѹȥ֮ĶԹȴû
ᷢս
޾ڹ⣬½ߵ塭ͬҲڹ⡣
Ƕ֪߻ѡ
Ҫ֮俪սĻǽȥδӣ
ͷð
һ̣ǱֱһͷΪ磬֮ࡣǵĮԲ飬ȴ֮ת۾ǰɣ
ԣĻҪǸΪеĻһӦ
ǵģһܾ
½ϣ壬ȫ¶֮ɫ
ϴˣһĶάҲңԶգһĻǸߴߵӰ΢΢̾˿ȻתȥˡάҲ·ǷһԲ
īƽĿߡ
īǰգǵͷ­Ȼ󣬶ųīһݣۣ
½磬ڴʱ˿̣һƬȻ飬ȫͬһʱ䣬һһ̣ǱŵĶŷŰ塣½ߵ壬ȫŵĿųī
Ϊǻ֪ۡô˵
īˣʵˣ
˵ϣȫ¶֮ɫŵĵȴٵļ尾ȴʼṳ̂һϣǰʤߡֻҪԽˣƺͿԳɹˡ
ǣԽ𣿸Խ
ܣҲң
ԣǾ˰ɣ
ţĵ˵ͷ
ī˵ˣãϣķǸͷ
īûн˵û˵ȻĻһΪûǸҪȥ˵Щġ
󣬳īתһȥ˲ʧ
Уһ仰ǵ½ɵɡȻԸǰͼ͵ĵ죬Ҳԡ
īˣ뿪
û֪ȥ˺ηͥеЩˣҲ֪
̹ꡣ
һ³֣֮Ѿȥһꡣ
һ굱У磬Ⱥ˵졪칬硣͵졪硣
磬ڴӹȥ죬ߴ磡
磬ҲѾ׵ĸǵÿһ䡣Щδ̽򣬾ȻҲЩǻȥ
һЩðŶӣҲܱ֤ڵһʱ䣬ϢݳȥԱָ˵Ĺͨ
磬һֻϵķΧУƽȵĶȹһꡣ
ߴߣīͷ֮Ҳûм֡д˵ǻص˲ƵȥѰһЩҲ˵ʵڵһЩָĴԡ඼ôס
ڳ۵Ĵԣ͸ˣܶ˶Ϊһƽֺ֮󣬾Ѿ׳ˡȻķе뷨򣬳ɾ벻ࡣ
ҲкܶΪ۾ͥչأЩĵı֤ԼǼ۵ġ
ʵ
̹磬׻ƴ˽Ƭ
ǸطѾЩտˡ
Ϊ̹統УѾ̫ĵطáطҲرŨ羰Ҳ㲻ر֮ⲻһʲôõط
Ȼط̹绹ǱȽġΪ˭֪ǳ۴Сɳĵط۵硣
ˣҲһЩʿӸհ廳һкܶ壬רų;Ǿ񿴿۳ɳĵطʲôġ
ԶԶĿһۣû˻뵽Ƭ̽ʲô
ҲûʲôرûʲôĶʵ֮ܶиĸоʧͬʱԳ۵֮飬Ҳøǿҡ
ôõĵطֳܳ˽ܣ
˵Ӣ۲ʳ
ǿߣκλܳɳ
ţȥͦ־ġ
֪īһ꣬ʵһֱס
˽һɽҲƮ칬ͥˣй±ʷ档
ȴѾķ̫ꡣƮ칬ѾǨʮ졣
Ʈ칬ĵӣȻߴϣЩ츳ĺӡ
ī½뿪֮󣬾ֱӴˮط
±ʷһ£ȻһɽˮС硣ϻӡס֪ˣ޷
ЩۡơԼƮ칬еЩˣгīվѣżīһȻܿͻȥΪǶ̫æˣ
ÿϣһ̯ӵ顣
ǳۣǼīһΣҪԹһΡ˵ԼϱҪ޸ģڵãֱӼ޸ߴ졭


1977 
û취ߴķ磬ƾޱͽˣ治תģкܶƳ³µĶ벻
οĳۣҲôһ顣
̫飬Ҫģ˵ߴǮׯͥȫռһĹɷݡɲͥǿȡġߴЩţΪ˸мͥŬ͹סͥġ
һӴĲƸҪרŵȥ߶ֱͣӱȥ飬ŻᱧԹ
Ҳûа֣յ߳Ҳץˡ
һЩӳѧԺľӢҲѾԾͥĸط
Ʈ칬еЩˣҪæ͸ˡ
ħӣ̫ƽ֮Ҫ׽׹ˣҲòȥһ̯顣
±ʷ¡
ߡ
һСľ档
żˡ
ҡīĽֵӵƷ磬кӣħīһںȾ졣
ϷżСˣʲôʼȣѰСˡһ̲ˣȴЩͥȫЩĿ͡
һС㣬ÿһҲָСýƳġ㡣ڵģȥʳ
ǳ鴤ţųī˵ֵܣ⡭ǣ
ѽīһۻңһûʶģ˵㶼ʶǻ壬èƣèϲ㡭ô㶼ʶ
īһףҲǳ鴤ĸˣͷϣǺߡųī˵ҵȻ֪㣬ǣ㡭ôģ
ҵİīŻңΪôģ
ϵˣ˿ȫһı顣ۣķΨһ񡣾Ȼͬ׷һ۵ĵطЩѰ㣿˵ȥ˭Ű
ʱħһЦ˵ˣҲ֪ˡ۸ǵ㣬ۺô
ЦǰǰִѰѾˣ˵ţּһӣúգ
洫Цδ󹫼ûҸǻһֻأ
˶̲סЦ
󹫼ҪˣҲġ
󹫼Щ꣬ңĺܣ磬˵ǣԺүҪдһٿȫ飡ʲôУ
гīߵЩˣȫĺܺá
սвûˣߴҲʶ磬һˮ¡Ⱥ飬ûһõ³ġҲѾ׷ͷ
磬Ҳڻָƽøá
īҲͶ˵ĳŵˮλӣֱӶ㵽֮ء
ÿι㡢Ȳ衢ֲݡ
׷Щͨˡ
ȴԵ֣طһ꣬һ㶼ӿƺӣٹʮꡢ꣬ҲǺõġ
ÿȺʱ򣬶Ҫʵͬһ⡣
Ǿǣ֣֮׻᲻
⣬īÿһεĻشҲࡣ
ܻܿƵġΪѾôˡἰ飬Ҳǵǰ
ȺСգ׷뿪ˡΪʵ̫æˣ
īУʲôˡ
˶ߺˮʰһ£ݺòˮڳīߡ
˾ˣӣ꣬٣ġԣ˵Զġ
ֻǡ
ͬ⣬ʵˮҲһֱЩģȴûʹ
īǸһ¡
ǵֻ֮ŵЩôīʵ
Ů˵ͷ
ôǣһʼʱ򣬸һȻ֪һ㣬ȴ֪Ǿôһ¡ȵ׹ǽ͹֮סԭ޾ĺˮȻƵ飡
ֻͨأЩȫѾֻ˺ܶ
ò˵ܹŵЩ飬ǲֻ֮ȻѾյ֣ȴȻܿչֳԼǿһ档
УǵӰȫǿ
ЩѾЩ棬վ۷Ρ
һЩ飬վ۷֮󣬾ͱЩ
ǳײǵˣһЩڡ
ʱ䣬кܶĳǣֻ֮¿ʼһ顣
ǵУкܶ࣬ҪˡīЦ˵
ȥʵ飬ûܹĸ֪ġ
ΪѾ䣬Ψһ
ʵǰīѾӵܹķʵ룬ҲԸǸųͲ磬һֱŸ߶ȵĻɺ;衣
ʲôǡһȺԵ˰һ㶣漴̾Ϣһ
ˮҲ˵ʲô磿ҿӦǰУúץһץˡҪһЩΣ飬Ӻӵʱ֪
īЦҡҡͷЩʱ֪Խ࣬ʵҲԽءʵϣΪ֪ĲࡣҲûʲôƲ˻
зڣȻû¡
ī΢΢ҡͷܸо䣬һض궯ʵǰӦѵġ֪Ϊʲôһֱڣûκζ
˵ǣǸ֮أˮʵ
磬ѾǣⲻûκˡʵȻ̫Щû취֪̽ĵط
Ǹ֮أ֮һ
Ҳвյ壬Ҫ̽Ƭ򣬲ܴ֮Χ򶼽ȥǵطģҲûʲô˸ȥˡ
īˣͷ룬Ӧȥһˣһɣµı壬
ʲôŮϣȻɫ䡣
ǵĿУī޵еģû˿սʤġ¡ˣһһϵķƫƫġǻ۵ģһ
Բȥ𣿡ˮЩͰ͵ĿųīǣΪʲôҪȥأҾల²𣿡
īҡҡͷలµġֻݷڵȴšһУƿأǱֻصķƣôĴڼֵҲʧȥˡ
ΪʲôһֱڰˮľҲܸˣȴȻ벻ôµĶ
ī˵ҪڣҪͲڣ
ʱ򣬳īȻ΢΢һü˵ߵأ
Ůʱһ㶣ųīʵ˭ߵأ
ǲƵȻûгױʵϣѾû̫ˡ֮Ѿ׵ĳһҵĵطԣǺ󣬻ʲôڣܴǸطߵء


1978 ķ⣡
ī룬˵ķ⡣
ķ⣿
Ůȫס
ǵɫЩˣ
ķ⣿ǡǲǣ
īͷǰ˵УǸ벻ĵط
ѵĵطǣǸطˣʲô
īҡҡͷ֪õģȥȥͻء
㣬ౣأˮ˵
ųī۲ˮĵ
īͷ
һ̣īӰֱӳƲ統С⡣
ѾķĽڡ
Ϊʲôķ磬˵޽Ĵ磬ķεġǳīҲû̽⡣
ķĽڣȴܺ
ʲô̶أݳī㣬ķĽڣӦòķڵ
Ҳ˵ķƤǣҪԶ磡
ĺȣ飬˭봩ȥǳīҪĴﴩ߳ķ磬ҲҪСĴۡ
ڴ˿̣ԸӵķƤǣȻӲĴһͨ
׼ȷ˵һϵķֱӽķƤһȻ飬Ǹġ
һŮһĸˡ
ȫε飬ǵϣɢޱȸ߹Ϣ£â֣ûܹǵĳࡣ
֮ȫü
طôƵ̶ֳȣǸŮüƺȲϲ
һ˵طһ˿ͲϢ̫ϡˡ
飬֪ߵغҪܳһͲɣһ˵Ц
Ǹӣ˵ˣʱˣҪֵطҲ̫ͣá
˵⣬Ȼ˫ĿһΪǿһòӢӣ֪ʲôʱϢĳǵǰ
ȫһȻĿȫӵϡ
ˡ߰ɡո˵Ǹӣīʱ΢΢һһ£漴üͷЩĮ˵
ڶ˵ӣͬ䣺еԾʡǲٵ飬߰ɡ
һ˵ӣųīȻʵǼ飿
ΨŮû˵üųīĿУżӡ
⼸ԾӸµˣī˵˭ʲô
ʱŮӺȻˣҽգ½ܣι⣬־
īˣһڵǸߵˣ½ܣڶ˵еԾǸˣι⡣Ǽˣ־
Ŷī˵ͷûıʾˡ
½Ŀųī˵֪˭ʹ㻹Ҳݣ
īȻЦ⼸˵׷ӵܣһ׶Ǹˡԣ˵°ɣǰķһҪʲôͷߵʱ򣬼ǵøҲϡ
Сӣе㲻֪ߵغˡι⵭˵
־ųīʵǼ飿
īû־ˣǿ½˵𣿼ǵûͷҲϣǺǮӡӦҲ顣
ĸɫȫһǲŽмˣôܲ⣿
ķƤ̫ˣȻķΪ˴ͨƤǣҲ˴ڻûȫָء֪ߵغСȻǰϣⲻ
֮ܣûж󡣡½˵ӦصǰҪǼڲᣬΪ벻֮ôǲǼĶҪɵˣ
ī½ܣĿڿһ׳աںȻˡ磬ʵġķ磬һѡķ⣬벻ô˵֮⣬Ÿ߼ĵط
ûֹģһȴֹġȻ벻ĴڣҲǻ۵ġ
ƽķ磬Ѿóīоƣ
ˡ
ԣ⼸ˣ˵ҶûʲôȤ߰ɡ
СӣǲΪΪףΪ񣬾ͿΪΪˣι⿴ųī٬ҲܲмйģܹԼĴڣԣùһ㣬Ҫǵ̫áط̫ˣǲ
տųīոճ񲻾ã׹أǽϾ˵ġ
գøϻֱˡι⵭˵
ʱ־ųīǼ飿
īü־һ൱ӢˣϣܷǳǿȻֻ¶˿˿Ƶȴ൱
㣬Ǽ飡־ͻȻ䷢ˣһʣһֱӳīһȭīţǲɵ֪ش⣿
־մȵƺֹȴûκζ
뵽ⲻ֪ߵغСһѵ׵Ҳ
īų־Ȼ̧־һƣ־ϣ
ֻĺȳһ֡
Ȼ־͹ˡ
ӷţǸĶȥ
־צģҪֹסԼΣȴ޷ơȻǿƥīȴ̫Ĳࡣԣһ·Ƕ档
ǶУŭ
ʣµա½ܺι⣬ȫŭˡ
Ҵʹ½Ȼû֣ϵΣϢѾȫǳǿ󣬳ԭѾ˵綼ҡҡ׹
ܿ죬ͱīѹˣ
ΪīѾЩ˷ϻ
̧־һƣֱ½ܵؿڣҲɳȥ
ս̫ǿˣٶ̫ˣޱȡ
½ͬûκηĶͱˡ
ţι⡣һһСӣһͲмսУȴˡīһڶϣӹһֻϺͬɽǸ
ʣһŮա
īҼŮһԼߣҴ㣿
һ̾ĿųīУûκεĿ־֮ɫ̾˵벻ķоȻǿ飿㾿ôģҾãѾʸҵķˣڵķ̫ˣʮ֮һ磡߰ɣұ֤Уӵϵĵλ
вɣīֱӺ
Ȼûųī΢Цŵǿ飬ҡ㲻ûϵҴߣ
˵ţֱӼһӨ׵һȥ
Ө׵ֱӷīȻ˲ͽīס
īûзΪУܵһǿҵ
µķɵһӵƥܡ񣬸±Ҳƽɫ²κ񣬵񡭡ͬҲ޷ô
ɵǿԸӵĳ̶ȡ
ӵо޴


1979 㣡֣
ܹ³ΪĴڣǶˣ
ղǰСܴѳ
ʱǱߵ½ܡι־ȫǶѨٶȷɻǵϣȫޱȿֲ¶Ҫ˵Ĺâ
ųīס˵Уֱ¶
½ֱ߹̧֣ҪīһơУʵ̫ŭˣ
û˸Դʲôޱȵʹĸִ£үүĳϣ

һ𣬾ע㣬е飬Ҫ֪߳ٱ
ԣûκ飬ܹ
һƣǺŭġԣգû취ֹֻԼǿһȣҪ˺
½ܸͲգ
Ϊ˵ݵλ࣡
Ȼ࣬ƾʲôң
ʲô
ԣ½һƣƴ
һƣߴּ飬ҲҪֱӳԴ
īеСôһƣԿóīˡ
īȻܹож󣬵һüոֵġȴû뵽˵ôߡ
īͻȻ䣬αֱţȴû£ݺһţ½ܵϣ
飡
һߵ̫ʵˣ
ֱӽ½ܸߵһݽȥҽеûзֱιȥˡ
Ǳߵι־ֲԾֱӳչҪлī
ȴīһֱ֣ϡ
ͬһߵûԹȥ
յУֱҪðСˣųīҪҵˣ
飡
ī˫һֱӽϡµס
Ⱥˣ㲻񲻼٣ʵϣǶûпīľ
ǰ֪īеǿѾǺڵµɫôǽһǧһӣҲڳīǰ
ΪУǿλڣҲˣ
Щˣɢŵɫε񾧺ˣ
ڳīǰаŵʸ
ۿųīЩˣųī㣬㲻Ҫɱģ⵽ѹģ
ʲôѹ˭īգһ˫Уâ
յ΢΢һ˲оԼԴǱͿһޱȺȻĿųī㣬ʲô
īЦʲôȥҾȥһˣ
˵ţīһֱ֣ӽա־½ܺιץģȻһֱʧķ˳Ǹֱͨӷɳķ磡
ٶȼֱ̫ˣ
ץĵ˶Ҫˡ˶ɵˣԼĸ˾Щʲô
֮ǰеЩҲûнʲôȥ飬ȻЩϼӡǱͣΪ¡˵ѾϰΪˡͲʲô¡
˭֪һΣȴͱһ
棬ֻһֻ䣬ȴ͵ս
īٶȣûоûм
īģһ˿һķûСֻ֮֮Уȴһɾ޴Ŀ־塣
䡭ѵˣе黹Ҫǿ
ûǴĻ˵ķһΪ̹ŵ飬ͲٻǱߡܶʹܷŭһռУ̹źݺݴһ֮󣬾ûἰˡ
һķ磬ʵҲǴҪһµ˼ȫܸ߰ȻҲ߰һΣֻԼ߰ˡ
ķ硭ô
мֱڵҪΪʲôһΣԼҪƴҪأ
ʱ򣬳īΣȴѾǽӽبеľ޴
ٶȼֱ̫ˣ
ûһܷӦ
īǾ޴ĴŴ̧Ⱦһţ
ˣ
һֲľ죬ƶɵĴţֱӱīһ߷ɣ
ڰУѾûӰˡΪī𲻴ķֲʡɴ
һţȴͱѣһ˲䣬д㲻񣬴ðȻī
еЩ飬ȫֻҪմϳīֱӾͻ鲻Խķߡ
ûǳīĶ֡
Щ㲻飬뵽һ¡ǾؽеǺھ֮񣡡
ҲϾ񡭡ֻˣ
أѹţ
еȺ׷׿
ʱīеʹȫ˹ȴķ֣ѾˣֲļһģȻ߬ȭͷںЩƽĿи߸ϵĴ
˸Ե棬ЩϼĴڿʲôھ֮Ͼ֮Ļ
һ̣ǵ壬ȫö
ˡϾֶϲӵеšǾȻȻһϾ˰죿û
㲻࣬ͬԱɱ
½ܡι־ʹĿҪˡȴ򡭡ҪֲĴϣǾ͵ɣ
ᡣ
ߵĶھĵӱչ֮ǰʶ档ܵΣֱ˫ۡͿһۣıӸˡ
ΪѾˡʲôȴûôҪģ
Ǹһڲ
ûܸоĲʡ
ףȪˮţ⣡
ɽҲȻ𣡡
ⶰͦõģƳһ編
һȺȫĿ͵ԶԶĿţǸħһļһڵѰΪܺõĶ
走

һھ֮񰡣ҪʲôûаеĶٺãɶִ˵ǿһ
ҲˣûŪʲô֮䣬ˡȻĿųīһԹֵܣҶסˣЩϣҲ١ŴġְɡȻķưԣԺҲȥķκ顣
īһۣȴûֹͣƲ죺ҪҸˣ
˵ţֱӰĸ˸ӳԺѧԵ㣡
ĸĿ⣬Ҫȼˡתͷī⻹е㲻Ķ
īߵʱѾķǸˣϡ
죬ȥǸҶϣҲǹƨĺھ֮Ƕɫ񣡡
īǳ˳飬һԼȷŹ֮վ龧ˣѾӼڡʼӽ͸ˡ˳͸һ̣Ҳɫˡ
ոֻ˵һ䣬Ժû»ͣǸͷˡ
С˵öⲻҲô˵öҪһīģ˳ǸѨصķ硣
תͷǱߣд㲻񣬺ľԴˣԾİƤǵĺȣְųī˺ܺܺһ㡣
ֻԺҲˣ

ʮ
ղƲ磬ѳױ١ﻯһƬռ䡣īϷ޸İ簲ڴˡ
ķ磬ߴ硣
ߴҲҪ䵽ķˣȻкܶհ֮ءЩطûǳҲûʡȫǿհ׵ġ
֮ء
īһӰԶ
ݸʵһºгȡȻתΪ֮ҲǰֻأȻʧңȻ߹ȥ·أȴճɾԼֻ֮Ц
Һ㣬һ顣
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