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1 ص
ҹ¹ˮ㾲
һŮ뿪䣬Ŵ򿪺Ժţ״ɰĹ⻬΢΢죬Ľšڴ
Ůˬ߸߽ؿڣɽŭͦһյϸˮ߳ƤȹԲΣһ˫Բϸ۵ĴȣõഺϢ
ǰһ꾲վ¹Լʮ꣬ٶƤ׾ĸͦȻһֲ£ȴڿʣһ˫۾Ϸǰض䡣
첻˼õˡӨӨеҶ˯ˣɣȥҷСŶ
һľһء
ഺޣӦʱ֡
ӨӨǳţһλǳĽ˵ˣÿһܳɫֵĻԺὫúܿҲᷢǰŰǶ޴Ǯ͸úúܸܵģ򲻾˷׵ļͥ
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ӨӨѷŹغãԵþнǼⲼϸճ죬֮䣬·ŵýţһʱѿĸоֻСֲͣգ֪š
һңʯذ壬ֹľƾ֣ǾʯɵĺɻƷɢ͹âǽϲڻ϶鱾ۺɫɴƮŵ㣬һоһ͵ĺõط
ʣһ£
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ӨӨ֣˵ʱ̬Ȳٲ죬ǳӣһ㲻ͨūū˵һ壬ΪĳЩԭԼ׷ɱΪūӨӨ
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һҪúϣ첻ǿܹԼȫ
ӨӨ˵ȥ׼һ£Ȱ·ˣ
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鼮;Сɽ㣬ȫϡ
ӨӨ˼ЦЦһһµļͥҵȫʦҪ飬һĿûн⣬ھͽˣܲܽ
㻨ǮҪֵԺѴʱʹʹˣ
ӨӨǳǳڴ
Ҫһ㡣췭һŷֽĿ󷨷ͼͻȻһ˿Ļȣ㻹ȥ˯ɣЩҵˡ
㲻᣿ӨӨʱʧ֮ɫһŲȱĻ1ṹ̫ӣ޸ʮѣķʦɣʦûҪ޸һ׾ϰʮطֻҪҵ崦ϸһο飬鷳ڿһ°ɡ
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ʦһֱоȫϵȴﵽ80%ʱζвȥˡʦʵҲ˼·˹ͼ壬ϣܹУɺ洴Һһݻ˵ṩʲôõ뷨ˡȰ㻹ǲҪ˷ʱ䣬ⲻһܿ
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̶̼ӣô̶̼ӣ
Ѿھᱳһȫµͼ
ȫͼԭһ룬ɶŲÿһǧμÿһͼУ˸оȻһ㣡
һ˿ͷǺܲ
һ˲ƷĿС
ֽȻ෴飡
ӨӨչһ۾ʱɵùԲ
Ҷ췢ģһмķͼһħԣֱƽ̿鼶Ʒ

̿صľ֮ԶԶҲȲһŷӨӨݣӽṹѧǶȣ˦̿ľ֮ʮֵľ룡
ӨӨԽԽԣ֪ſϣؿһԳĴѹ죬ðԲȫ¶ѩɽͣһ蹵Լκ
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ѵǴ˵пͯվ飿
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쵹ȫΪӣֻǲ̫籩¶Լ
ӨӨɵĵ˵ͷ
ȫûʶζʲô
ǧǰͲ컯ھԪ;ӴаıǮ
ǧǰ巢󷨰أӣΪɵ۹춨ʯ
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࣬壬һʵλȻɣ
ӨӨճյؿţһӾ˼ʢ磬֪һСʱȥһٶҵĵϡ
վһģҶ˯ˡ
ӨӨ̲סڰ۴һۣ
ΣһСʱһµ
Щ̫ûսԣ㻹Ҫķ𣿡춢ŮȣܰףܳԲ䣬ʵڷǳƯĦԡ˯֮ģҲǺоģҪҪһ¡
ӨӨʱǺ죺ҲŲҪ
źֻøˡ
ӨӨæʣȥģ
һǷҲ֪֮ǰһūţ켸ҹû˯þڵһطôҲ䴲
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ޣ²ӨӨϽ˵Ҹ㣬滵˺ܶġҸ㰲һݣǼĳʦѧͽһշӣԿȥɡ
СѾͷͦܵ
Կ׾Ҫʱ
СԺȻһŲ
ü֣ˡ
ӨӨʱ䣺⣬ǽ㣬


2 
ӨӨ˯𣿡
һǳдŮغϿ質ĺʹоˮ֣Ҳ᲻ԻղͶ
ƽʱҹã쵽ôˣ
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Ů½ɣһ˫Ưǰ⻬ûëף˸оѪš
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ƳһЩܷӦ
ʱŲԽԽӨӨ̲סһÿڳϣβʲôһ£̷Ӧ
Сǵͨ죡
ӨӨг
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ȻӨӨûз֣͸ɫ͸ɴʣԼԼܼһ޳Ӱ1.72ףʱȴһ˫˾޵ĳȡ
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ӨӨĿЩ룬ᴭϢԳһ䣺ҩ꿪û죬һֱܺƽȥǼҾģֵˣʲôóģ
ҡҡͷ̫˳˵ģ㻹ǵǰ𣿡
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ӨӨһ𣺡Ǳɱģ
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㣬㲻µģ𣿡
ɵѾͷûôǰôӣҶһˡһΣҵ뿴ǻʲôֶԸҡʱѾӨӨϽ˯ɣ𴲣Ҫٵˡ
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ʦҪΪԼΪ壬һҪúŬ
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Сëˣϰˣµġ
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§Ůģģûµġ
ӨӨоԷΧůůģһо
å
㻹Ҫҵʲôʱ򣡡
ӨӨҪһ˼򣬵Ǻ˵Էϴһأֻһ̫ɺˣȻŸղռԼˣɲöԷռôˣװ׵ӡ
뿪󴲣ûûεЦ˼Ҫ˼³ȲѣȻûˣ
ӨӨôˣһﻹûûЦͲһݺһ۶Էշ̵ҲȲ𣿡
μ˼ȣȻû취Ƶģ㲻Ҳһô
˵ҲŲһҪأ
ǡ
ӨӨȻŭ𣺡ˣٸӲҡҷҪ㲻ɣ
СҪɱ
һ̾ˡ
ӨӨųǱӵıӰͻȻ־úЦһﵽǴģ

뿪СԺ
ͣסŲĿָƽ䣬̧ͷ񷣬׺ҹգǳλúй켣ȫһģһֻߵһжĿȫˡ
û˻ţ
û
⣬δ
ǵʱ½ĴߣŵǧһĹš
ΪһоʱѷʱСıʧظ˽ȥżͶƬ꣬ǵΪȫʧұū
ūԼʱһɫ
Լıǰһ־ָٷӡԼУūЮԼū
ôļңЦʱ޽ľԼһ㲻ΪȻֻҪѾ磬ҾɰԼСѾͷͦȤģʱ͵ʱһɡ
ѲϲԶΪһߣһֹɡ
Ѿˡ
ȻѾˣǾͺúûȥ
ǵҪΪǿµĵһǿߣҪóǰ֪ʶȥıʱ뿴Ϊľ


3 
ʮ󾳽硣
һǡ徳
ڶǡѾ
ÿһ󾳽ڷ־죬ϳˣʿʮ򣬻ʿȼʮˡ
ӨӨʮꡣ
صʵ
ͨԲֻƼȺ壬ԵƽƽӹӹԵõӣһصļӡ
죬һ߽
ӨӨСѾͷͦ
һŮӭ췢ұʣɫ͸˿£¶֣ȹ쿪ȸˣһ⻬Ĵȣǳ󵨵ı¶Ϻɫ߸ѥӣɫȣǿҷѪš
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ӵſֲ۷ΪѾ׼ѾĶǿߣʱһ죬Ϊ˾ĻѾǿߣĴӣΨһ²ˣ
ӨӨʣϹʦ㣬ʦ𣿡
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ɵѾͷƽҵһͲ쾹Ȼȫ̫߳ô
ңҡ
ˣˡҵǴڿΣҵ϶͵϶Ķȥɡ
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ȻԶԶȲϹƣȴҲһɶõǱӣ˳Ϊʽĵӡ
ӨӨյǣ⺫Լ׷ߣڱʮֵĶӣͬʱ׷ŮûʮҲа˸ֶ伫ӨӨûкøУοĻҿǺĸףﻹ뿴
ȵȣʦƲͼôϹ۶ʱһһ֧᣺԰СѾͷ㾹Ȼܸʦ
ӨӨշ̣æؾ᣺ȫдģǱʦˡ
ϹƸ߸߾ӨӨͷϰżⶼò
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һĸߴİߣݵķǰ뷢԰ףͷң㲣۶Ѫ˿Ѿܶû˯þˣֳһ֧ʣһ߳˼һдʲô
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ʮֺصķ伮
ʮдƤֽݸ塣
Щó𣺡ʲô£ûæ𣿡
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巳أ˼ȥ򵥿һ̰ڰ˵ȻѧʲôȥѧѶ˻ԺҪˣ
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ƺ΢һӡ󣬡װ˷Ѽʱ䣬Ϊ߲ͣѧ޽ؼʵһҲףһͣѧ磬Ϊ䣡ȥɣ
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ʦϢŭʦġ׵һϹƣһʱָӨӨͺӨӨڹ꣬Ϊӹһ޳ɣųٵɼܻʦѧ磬Ϊ䣡
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ʦĻҵ˼ʦѲʦ԰ɣ̧ͦͷӨӨ˵ʦ壬԰ѧѣܹ2000ңȫ˻㡣㻹ףҾظһ飬㱻ˣԶˣ
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βӨӨڻ첻ȥˣ
޷ռżǮ쵽һѧݡ
ŴʦȻ߷ڣȻѧȫ˻ѧ갡

ӨӨɫò԰ֽȻʧ˻㣬ǳЦУҧ촽ǿˮһһ߳ҡ
Ϲ΢΢üֻһ̾
ӨӨųǮӹ߳ʱľżʧǣ˳ίǿܣֻǲ֪ôؼԽ㡣
»ϳǴҲ˶ߵģ
ӨӨʧǵӣһֲ̬УӨӨҪңʦҲǲΥġ
ӨӨĬ
˿Σ궯ö͹ϵŰ͵Ŵʦ¡ָΪŴʦʽӣΪҡҡ׹̻ѰҿɽҪǴ費澡ʧ֪Ҫʧء
ӨӨûҲýʧ
ӨӨഺ壺ûУԸԸˡ
ӨӨȼϣֻҪýʧҶԸ⣡
Ŀȷ
ģҡ
ʵҲѡĿⶢӨӨظ˵ֻҪҹϣҾͰ˵˵ûϹϵУʦصѧлء
ӨӨŭ㡭Сˣ
Ŀ¶ţΪ̻군ˣǽҲѾ군ˣûбҪʲôˡ
úúãҸᣬȻѡҪǾ͹ֲˡ㣬һ죬˯㡣
죡
ӨӨһֺܲõԤУŤͷƵܿˣһӶˣֻϽؼҡ


4 ʦ
磬оҡ
һƣݸ塣
Ϲ߽ʣͷӣô
ƣ۾ѣȻһ񰡣
оһÿŶǻۣһȻԵ׽ˡϹΪӨӨ鹢ڻʱһͳһݾ᣺ˣյһ壬˵еء
ʣ˭壿
Ϲʱ͸¶ⲢҪȿݰɣãڸ㡣
ϹƲ̫ϣ
ѾͷʲôһѪĽ飿
չ˲䣬ϹƶʱɵۣʮѴĿĵɺ棬ǳͼ֮ϣհ״һۣ
ѧ
ʾ
ӵܣ
ҿ
Ѿͷôƽʱôûأ
˭Ѫ֮һǴҲסһжˣӲѹסŭĶעϸݡ
ף
򵥣
Ĳļ֣ǡܴҪ
齥עİ֣ȫֱָͼĴ֮ƺ̺޴Ϣ飬ÿһζвͬĸܡ
ڶ飬ԻȻʣһɨգȲƷǰۣ°Ƹһ顣
飬ÿһƺ̺Ŵǻۣ׽͸ɻ档
ı飬־Щ磬֪ôӺ֡
ڶһƪĵ伮ǷǳĹ£ʵȴѼ̵ǻ䡣ϸƷеİһеĸо̫ˡ
ᱳһͼ
𣿡
ᷭһֻͫѸٷŴɫǵͨ죬ֱò԰ףȻǵͨ죬촽ţͷᣬȫ˵⡭
Ϲͳһҩȥ
̷ҩ裬ɫ΢ͼֻ֣ǱȻֽܼؿڣͷǶ飬߶°˵졭Ұͼϣ
Щ̫ãôȥû׼౬Ѷ
ϹƣͷƽʲôСֵˣΪʲôһͼȻֵôأ
ͼǣ
԰ܣ̷һҩ裬̻㣬ش򿪾ᣬһ˫ĿͿƸ壬ӯķͼ޺
ιͷҲ̫û־˰ɣô˵ҲǴʦ
ԳһЦССϳеҪ˼ұȣǹǱ£ѻȷ˰ʲôʸԳƴʦң˭Ҫ԰ݷλĴʦ
ϹƱ죺û󣡡
崵ӵ˵ΪʦϷô壿
ϹƿЦ˵ļѧ
ƨϷѧ࣡
Ҿ̹˵˰ɣļѧӨӨ磬ͷӰˡ
ӨӨ
ҵѧ
Ҹˣ
Σȷ
ϹƵͷ˵ֻֽҵġ
һףס͵ȥҩҩҩ

е㲻ˣ
˼̫̼ܲһСļݺȥ
ϹƸϽʦιҩ裬ͷϢңڴϣɫ԰ף۽գﻹ߶˵ź
һСʱ
һͦ
Ϲһϼһòܴ̼ض˰ɣϢҰոεˣ
¶һϲı飺εˣô˵ոշĲΣ죬죬ͼù
ϹƵĵ˵״̬ǲҪˡ
崵ӵ˵ٷϻù
ϹֻðͼùʮͷӣСͼģ֮ɫ˵С֣һḧϹһƤ
ݷͼ覣ɹȫҵ˼·ȥƣʮѶȣ
ǧǰԪǧǰ෢󷨡һǧǰʷ
ʱմ½γɼɣǧӳȻַǴ½κһ֣߱ɷﵽ۷ļ֮״̬糬ǧ꣡
ϷѧƷʮ꣬Ҽĸˡ
ϷԲԲЧ
ѷ
˲䣬һζֻȫļ
鼤ƵķͰˣͽʯս¡ΪһԪʯս°ס壬Ӷò׵ķӷԼܽӽˡ
ȵȣ
ԣ
Ȼðһ亹
Ԫעתȫ֮󣬽ſʼ͸壡
ô͸壿
ѲɷΣԣ
תһ룬ԷܻôͼȫϷҧȥڱ㼡ѻüƤӲƤɫѸٱұڡ
⡭ǣ
Ŀɿڴžӣ㼡ʯǵӲʯ
ôõ
㼡ӲȴӣȻӰԺж
˼ǣԪϸϣӶʱԪػؼǵöʦҲʦۣʵܵܶ˵ķͳЦ
ȻһСС2ʵˣ
Ǻεȶ߽ĵĴƣ
ɶ칤
͸컯
Ϲƶ̲ס̾ˣ
̫ˣ
̫ˣ
ŻѪоġʯս¡Ⱦ
֮Ƥָɫû˿ãڿ
ӨӨģ
ӨӨƽʱǽһ룬ɼڼеһ˵֣ӨӨһϹΣȫȫǳŹ֡
˼Ƭ˵ӨӨζù
ϹһΣ²С
һۣΪʲô
Ϊʦ˶ˡ
ˣӶڲȫˣ
ϹƵͷ
ŭһһײоҴţһ߿ҵĴš
ѧ䵽ʦŭȫɵˣʦƽʱǺ侲쵽ôˣ
߹ò֣ӻ¯棬һ齹ڲƬ
ֽľͷƤһ㶼ǳݣܻһƬ
Ȼһ1ûмǴĻǸѧµĴ󻭷ʶϵҪѧѰҴ㡣ȻŷֽһѴĺ档
ʲô˼
ˣ
һȫµͼڱ棬Ȼյòư߲ȻܱϣûǸ˵ֱʣǸ˵ֱʣ
ˣ
ˣ
ҵʲô
嶢¯ں¯ңɫ粻һ죬һףͻȻһͷ
ۣ
һѪ絽컨壡
һתεڵϣ

ʦ
Ӷˡ
ͰͰǴˣϹƸϽȥ壬ͷɼһۣͷûѹȥʰ·ɣȥϳݲˣ


5 Ԫ

ӨӨСԺǧζڹϾϣԴѩˣˮ۵šˮֻǣһžµձ⣬Өӣ̲ס
һûûε
ҵˣ
ҿˣѵܷô
ͷ㣬߹һû˯ѵģ
ӨӨŤߵ㾹Ȼ˯ѣѾˣ
ֱ׳˵㰲ŸסķӣСˣյ͵ƶûУ˵ưˣҴС͸磬Ƶͷô˯
ӨӨһ£ô
ǻ˵Ӳ˯ᱳʹŽǣһܲӣҿֻǣ˿ֿţóһЩϰסһ£֮ⷬ£춼ˣ۵ģڴϣȻһ˯硣
ԭˡ
ȵȣ
˿ֿţ
һﵨ찡
췢ӨӨɫۣףôˣѵǱұԼ澳ǿϢľˣ
ӨӨһ۾˵˵˵Ǳʦ˲ѹҲŲأ
ڰ֣ˣ£ƥӲţȷʵ̫
ӨӨһΣವþʹǧֲվǰҪ˵ȻŴʦɰѧѶ˻ˣڰװ׽أûеõκκô
һǷɢɢ˵棬Ҿ׵ĸɣҰɵЩҵݣֵܰϳǵķʦƥһŰ߿̡
ܲţŴʦ߷ڣ飡ӨӨƵǰУұˣʧҵˡҪȥ˻ūӰǮң
һô˻
ӨӨһǵȻˣ
Ҳ
ʲô
ʱūгȻôԻۺ
𼱣𼱣ҿ֤Լļֵֹˡ붼û˵ɣһٴ͡
ҳԴͣ㣿
԰ڶ׼ˣֻʳĺˡ
ӨӨֱͿˣȴʳĺ϶ûУҲʲô׼ˣ
һ̵ļƣУǮң㲻ʧģ
«ʲôҩ
ӨӨûԶȷʵҲܶܶˣӣȥô͵ͷ⣬˾ͰѳʳĴҡ
¹ţţ顣
һֻ

ʳġ
ӨӨһһü˵õöħ⣬ȻħӪǲóԣأ
˭˵ģ
ǳʶòãӨӨػɳĳգħĹħںϴԪǿʮٱսʿõѸ˵ǵˡΪħǿ̫ߣͨ˳θûԽȥʱ򣬸㲻ûģ
ЩҰ˰ǲ
ʲô˼˵СҰˣҰˣ˻˻
𶯲˻˻ô˯һŴм֮ףô˵˸鰡
˵£ӨӨŭףһҪ˻
Ҵ˻ôϽŭѾͷȻˣҾ΢չʾһõĶɣľʧɣ
˰졣
СѾͷ߽С
Сݱ˵һһְĵط
ӨӨŵ˲䣬˲䱻ʯԭأ۵ɵôģĻ棺⡭ʲô
Сߴ컨ϣÿһﶼųâû谵Сڱߵر
һľϣûзڻϿڷڵȴһֱһֱտ״̬

ڻصԭǽڻɫ󷨣ĸ໥ãγһ磬ڶˬ졣
ô£ʲôܷô
еݡ
ʱ̭Ķ
ʱȴûз
½ձʹ͵ƣߵһЩΪʯơǰ߷ǳҲۺĶǳ󣬾²ܹͥܵġ
Ƴ֣һ̱
ӨӨ۾ĴģΪʲôᷢ
绥ԭӡԪһԪ֮󷨣һԪ֮󷨣һܴ֮󷨣һ֮ܵ󷨣һת֮󷨣മͬʱãݾˡ
ӨӨ׼ڡ
첻ϣˣʣ˵ȥҲ
ӨӨûʱָŲ˵ĲΪʲôԼȣ
򵥵Ļһ͵Ԫ󣡡
Сôз
ΪǽϵķʵյģֻҲϣֻΪˡ
ӨӨ汦һ飬̾ѽѽöϡŹֵĶѽһЩֱأ
ЦزҴūгȥ˻˰ɣ
ǻÿı֣ӨӨķǳʢĶһʱǷգ˺ܶ࣬ι㲻ҳԴʳĶˣҲûгҸ㣬ҪǸˣңҾʹȥ˻
Ϸһͳһƽ׹αҪţһţţ
Ԫ׵һԪâ
ûκ
ƽ׹ϷĿȴܵ°㣬Ȼʼˡ
ĵطڣһ׸߷ΧڣΧȫȻоƽ׹ʼնǱġ
һ¹ţţŶȥ

ţŽӴף̷յ
ûʹûƽ׹ͬʱʮСףǳܼҾȵļһ
Լʮӡ
һţűһ棬ֻĵطȻѾɫ
¹ţħأ
һʦʳģ
һҲʳģ
ħǿȼߣȵҲǳʱֱӷڻտȫճɽ̿ˣڲܶû졣ʹгɱƬ죬ʳҲǺѱġ
ƽ׹ͷųƺгǿĴ͸ԣ͸ÿһϸӸ߽ħԣڳְζӪͷų
ͣͣͣ
ţŲϵر棬ţ
࣬Σں֭ͣϷŽȥ
忾˷ҡ
һðţųˡ
С㣬ã
ţŵӨӨţ׺ɫ֭͸ۿɿڣһŨ㣬䣬ӨӨˮˣȲò͵һ
ħǺܼ͵ģţȴ׾پͱˡ
ӨӨŽ
ء
ӨӨ۾ðˣһԾͣˣԼ飬Եͣ˵ۣҴûԹôħ⣡
۵ͷ󺹣СŮϲӣοĵͷ
ǰȷʵǸ壬һʱ䣬徳ûﵽԪʵĿԪ⿣ԳĲС
ӨӨǳƣһתվ˵ܲܽţأ
֪ƽСѾͷֵѹ΢Ц˵ʵܼ򵥵ģѧ
ӨӨ²;߹
Ѽţŵƽ׹ƽ׹Ĺ׻һСͼը󡯣ֻҪԪȥͻЧԿ
ӨӨôصΪȻԪ񣬲ȳԪǿأƽ׹ԪֻԪԪ̲ӿ

һţŶȥ̲Ƶ
ӨӨСͨ죬ŵƽ׹ôô
߹ȥסӨӨС֣ҪţȶԪԼÿʮ뻻һ棬Ծ;Ͼˡ˵ܼ򵥵ġ
СѾͷֻۡ
סģһѡ
ӨӨøƻһ֪ǽţɬֻһů֣ΧԼ˫֣û̫ų⣬Ҳ͵û¡
Ӻ
һţųˣ
ӨӨ˷ܴЦӨӨҲճóԵţˣ
ѾͷԪղ⣡
һ˲飬ԵúܿģĻϲֻϧֻţţȻúúõһ档
ӨӨֳһǼţŵƽ׹һĸָֹɰʣʲôã
ǸģһһС󡯣ǲǴһֻһô
ϲ
ӨӨԸ£
԰ѶõİϴɾȫĹ棬ټӽȥһЩ顢㹽ƬžͿʼԪ̷ǳļ򵥣Ҫκѧϰ
Ԫ⿡
ʱûУ˵ۡ
Ԫ͸棬ԪǺܳһּܣȻ˶Ԫ⿵󷨣ͨԪ⿵ȴǺܶࡣΪ峴ը󿾣ÿһ棬ϰٸͬԪֻĶԪʦʮʱȥѧϰܰЩȫѧᡣ
첻רҵԪʦͨԽǿ󷨣ǻõģԶΣرҰ̽ʱܲħ⡣
ʮӺ
ͷˡ
ôƽǶðСʱֹأ
ͳ⿷ʽܺԪȽϣˣ򿪹ӣǳζ
Ǳƿ˲䣬һǿŨƮɢӨӨѬöˣûʳɢôζϽ룬ȸԼװһ롣
֭ףŨɿڣζ壬ʶȣͷǡôǵѹʮ㣬㹽Ҳȫˣζȫڽֱ֭˼伫Ʒ
ȣȣ
ӨӨͶ̥㣬һӣƤ̣ѪҺȼһ
쵭ˣʼϸʵģħзǳḻӪԪܽھʻǿһβ̫ܳ࣬򲹹ͷˣë
ӨӨԱԺ󣬲֪Դĸˣ͵վһӣ죬ͨˣզǺϻɣ
ʲô
һȥ׬Ǯѽ
ӨӨ˹ȥס죬ʹҡ˸һӣŵģӨӨվţʱֻƤĴ¶ˣҡΣֱǻ沨ȡ
̫Ƥˣ
޲ֽȥúýѵѵǣ
ú֣ôȻ뵽
ӨӨûʶ߹⣬ͨ˵ұʦ֪һʧҲûȥʦ˻ѧǮǮмզǺϻݺ׬һǮһϲ
ʵʲôƻ
ӨӨһӣӺʲôƻƻģȥ̯զţȥ


6 ׬Ǯ
ħӪḻǿ壬ԪֻǷֶ޷⿣ͨ˲ʳãΪΪߣҲϸʳã˺
Ԫ⿷⣡
һΣ
ӨӨҪҪһͷ
УûһڳûһѪȣǴҵļ飬ǰ˵붼顣
ҵôף
һǿСı
ӨӨûнȺǻۣû˸еĻǽƻͷԣȴ죬ƾһԻֱѾʶг̻
ֻ̫ѵˡ
ӨӨոձֱ裬һ͹ȣɳһɼ˿
쵹ǲԣֻһ䣺ô
ȥ㳡ţţӨӨĲ˵׬Ǯһһ룡
仰һڲˮ
λ񾭴СǰļƷ
Ƶҵֵûô
ҵֵûô
ƫƫȫˣֻ뵽ţš
ⳬǰ⿼֣׬Ǯеǣ׬Ǯ緢չĸǺǮ;ģӨӨС뵽İڵ̯
ˣ
Ҳã
룬˻ˡ
Ϲ㳡ģӶᡢʦᡢҩʦᣬǷǳֵضΡ
ӨӨһ˵ļӣ̻10ҽ200¹ţţţһЩνףӼһЩκʹɡһ޳ţѳһקȥ㳡
զǵţǮأӨӨڳ¶Ϊѱ飬Ӳгţţһ鶼5أ
ҿÿһ1ң
ӨӨһ˿ݣô𣿡
1=100=10000ͭңͨڼͥ¿֧20-30ңӨӨںպʦѧϰѧѲ2000ҡ
¹ţħޣȴͼ1ħޣӨӨ200ţţܹ10Ҷѣ
һţż۸ͨ¶֧ˣ
˻
˵ͨ˸ħ⣬ħߣ߾ǸˣǲںǮġ
ӨӨе㻼ûʧǿӲ̬˵ɾӣҶһңʮûУǾͲֵó̯ˡҵģûҪԼŵ׬ǮҪһ롣
ӨӨıظ屡˵İɣӨӨ˵զ׬Ǯһͭ嶼ٲ㡣

Ϲ㳡
һſŸߴͦε·ԣÿһ˶ʵ̫أܹ⣬ҹŹâ·ֲ൱·ơ
ֲƺ沼ֲ
¹ĢҹʮɫǳƯ
¥ạ̵́Щ棬ȫ΢ͬ˸ɫâֺƵЧһЩǹĹơ
·ϹϵơˮĸƣɢŲ
ϹϵƣʵһֽСչϹϡֲչϹϡԺϹժҩˮʹ䳤ʱ䱣ʻԡչϹϡڰܴĹԪأҹͻԶųһ
ˮĸƣʵһԪΪԪǳ߱ʲôսͬөڻҰƯÿ쵽ҹͻųâӫˮĸֳٶȺܿ죬ǳʺϵһƾߣרṩҹ·
ϳǹ·۵Ķ޳ооţħƷַḻǳ档
ĳҹһֲһǳУзȻںϵһûκìܵĵط
ӨӨˡ
㳡̯ܰĵطѾռ죬ֻһΧλţʾúóء
죡
Ūɡ
ȥѵƹҺã
˲䣬Χ˷׷ײĿƹâҲȶԶʯˡֻǣǶƵʲô
ӨӨų³㣬ϵΧſ֣еţʤڴһ٣̴¹ţţóӪţţһһݣ
ӨӨƤ䡣
ΪݺŮϵΧӲ١
ӨӨһƵȻΧȺںܶ࣬С̯ʽﲻһһݶȥɣһʧܣǴ̫ˣ
ţʲôϡģȻô󣿡
һſסĴ߹ѯʡ
ӨӨûпڣ˵ǵһˣԡûԣǾͶΪһ
ѣȻֺ£ҾͲˣ
һոִӶӶһ㶼ǲȱǮģû˰̯ħ⣬Ժ֮¾ʣƷĻᣬǵȻܷŹˡ
ӨӨʹһ
ϣȵȣ
ӨӨһţ¹СţżãԶ˵Ӷǰ
͸ţţӶֱִֹûɱħޣ֪ħŮϷһȻӾպһݣⲻǼٵɣ
Ӷõһ⣬Сȥ
˻
Ӷüͷʱ
ӨӨţŲθڣӶûۣһȥԵٶȺܿ죬Ӳţžͽ˶
ãããվˬЦ治ֵ
ӨӨ¶ϲ飺лл壡
Ȼû׬ǮӮ˼ϿɣҲĵ鰡
ӶǳˬͳöңôζĶҪȥźӳҴݣ
ĳɹˣ
ⲻǽһ⣬ӨӨеһ׬Ǯ޷ҪͼֵҪǸ߽㣬ǽһܸ˵ģ
ӨӨյǮʱ򣬼ö൱㻨Ǯɾ׬ˡ޲øһӵףϲ黹ںͷ
ǲͻӶŵôԸ޵ĺأú⣬Ѳͦóԣ
˭֪أȥ
λСϰ壬һݣ
Ҳһݣ

Ӷ巴Ӧܶ˵Ĺע̾ͼӶ˹ԣЧĺáС̯ʱʽ򣬱ֱӨӨһæµţһȥ
óԣ
ζ治
ΪҴһݣ
̫óˣҪֵܣô
ϰ壬ԺҪŶǻع˵ģ

һööӲӵǮҵǮ
ӨӨ춼Цˣôûһģûһһͳɾ͸У;ҵҵԼֵλãָоĺܺá
˿ӶӶ࣬ӶԸˬҲǺ¡
Ȼ׼ڹã𱬳̶ȣȻЩԤϣΪߣָֻԪţšСʱ磬ȥһٶݣ
졢ӨӨҲҪ۵ݿˣ
ӨӨϢʱ̯ܵݸһǵ̫ˣæӦùһ֣ѽ
㵽ûӣëͷˮһڱ֭ȻôãǾӦüӴͶʣעһ̻ᣬڿһҾƵ꣬취ԼƷƣڵ̯гϢ
ӨӨСƵĵͷԣԣǮٿ꣡ģ
ӨӨͷҲˣ˻2000ң˽Կ²ϽԼĴҵʽɣֻҪܸɳҵǵԼΪٵģ
ԣ
׼û
ֻҪųһɣһǮ;ģ


7 ĳ
賿⽥塣
ӨӨǮûռλãսȻԻͣ׼̯ؼǮʱͻȻ̶
ۣϰ壬ʰ
ҳڣھöʹˣ
϶⣬Ǳһ˵
ĸƤ׵Ŀ˲ͣΪһǿ׳⣬һͲʲôࡣ
ӨӨӰ⣬ȥͣǲϺʣܳ⡣
飡
һӣģҿɲܣֵܳǵĶֶӣǾ͸ø𣡡
˵û֪ʲô𣿡һƦվǳŵؽеֻҪһ仰Զȥˣ
ӵʵսḻʵǳףƽʱһȺ۸Сթ޶ǸһƬĵͷߣͨ˶ǡ
С̯̫ߣۺ죬⼸Ҳ硣
ӨӨûôԸԾͱȽ벻ΪһС¾ƻԺ⡣Щ޷ǮƣֻҪ̫֣ƲҲǲԡ
ӨӨ˵ǸأʲôԵطϣָ̡

Сôˣ
˵ûʲôӲ
㻹㶮£ǵûмþգ׳ɣһǧңٰѼұԺû£
ӨӨɫ䣺Ǽֱһǧң
ʵҲΪ㣡µĴӨӨĿ¶һ˿аɣߣֵһϣǮˣ
Ʀһ˻ɫġ
磬̫˼ˡ
˵ûϳĺƣһҲòһǧҰ
˵СشƨҲ̣ҿҲѷɫЩˣ
Ȼſ֣ϸۣȱֱȳƣزģǾˣˣѵõļƷŮҲǵһƷȴû
ӨӨСɷףͬʱоԷĿ⣬ﲻʼ̫ˣҪȥִӸǣ

żˬ㾡ȥ棡
˵ˬԺֿˬһΡ
޼ɵĴЦôĻֻɵ˵óͷƾʲôΪЩû¸Ķ¸ˣвأ
ͷԾˣȰ˽꣬ųһƽ׹˹
ףС椵Ѱɣ
ʼվû˵һ仰ü˾ҲһݰҳԪʵв
ƦһѶ̵ָųͿ˵Ҹ㣬Ů˱翴ˣȥһŮˣңòҪʶôĻ
飡
һ֣ڶԷϣ
ԪӿǿƦճѪݣƤյˣһ߻£ֱӽ߳Զ

ˣҳˣ
ƦҺŵڵϴһֻõһֻѵֶ
˶ˡ
СǺݽɫ
һԣֱӳ֣һлݣһо󣬺֮ʣ˵
ģ¶ŭı飺һʵûУҷϵһ£ֱѰ·ϣɵ
ƦΪôǶ֣ȻոմһǱ˿Ǵ͵ϮĹϵͬʱ³޷֮
ȵȣӨӨ¶ű飺ǷŹһǧңҸ
ˣ

һƦȵŵ˹ȭͷΧ𵭵׹⣬Ԫȥ
ͨ΢ǿһ㣬εֵصػ
ڵԪܼԪ󣬸սУȫٶȡȵȣ⼸˵ԪȻǳĺüһȭмٹţ״򵹣Ҫɱֱ׾٣
춯ûж˿Ȼٶ̫Ӧ
Ҫ
ӨӨһ
ǳݣһ߳δ֪㣬̧ʱ̤ڶԷ£Էȭͷڳǰ׵طͣסȭҳͷ
һĻ̫ˡ
ٶȺǱȲ϶ԷէԷҪ͵һ

Ʀڵϣҽٴλص
һŲڶԷϣѶԷ̤ˡ
ʱһƦֵ̹ŲŲ΢΢Էֺ֮ǰɨȥ
ɶ񣡡
ȥ
Ʀ߳ŭ֮£輸⣬ӵٶȺܿ죬ǶҲܵ꣬˿ľս˵Ȼ൱˵õġȻ㣬һδζ΢֣֮ܿʵʮִݡ
ǹһ˿Ц
ٳ
Ըˣ컹һͷײ
ƦһιͽһݱܿһȻϥײԷ£Ʀڵˣҽţ鴤ţſ£ѪҺȳҺ壬ͬûܱӾĽ֡
ҵ죡
СӳҲ̫ˣ
˹ˣһԼѵ˱ģ
ԾСʵǿĶ֣ҿ࣬ǲܵ飬˶ˡ
Ҳûô£СܾܲսǵˣǴս˵ǴԪǿҲðܸëûСӰ
ӨӨ˷Сͨ죺úãúã
һǵϡŹ֪ʶһôܴ⾪ϲ
ȻѾŭוּһһѺĳС㿴ʵǰǵ㻨Ǻôģ
صʵԪǿȻȼСܶߣٶȡ涼ҪǿһΣ
ʼ磺Կɣ
ŭһȻһͳ壬һ⣬š
ʵȻ൱˵ãһעԪֺֿ죬ʯҲǰ漸Сġ
΢΢ŲܣǽԺײ࣬ȥӹϵͷƮ
ֱ֮

̫ˣɣ
ͷԪŷնü
첻Ųæӯӣϸ΢Ĳܿˣ
⵽ô£
¶ű飬ܾۣٶȲܺܿ졣
ÿһÿһŲȴ羭ǧ㣬ܵ΢ס
ˣÿÿСƶȣ㿪һδչһޱȣһ취ûС
ģ
΢
Ⱥһ˾Ȼ
ϳмʮʿֻмʮʿû΢СһصʵûУô΢أ
⡰΢ָʿƿص״̬;磬ܹ㾫ޱȣС΢Ϊÿһײ࣬һһٶȡëȵȡ
΢һ
߱㹻츳پѵ򣬲п򵽡սռƣƷҩṩܴİ
ϳܹ΢ˣָģĸǶ⼶ĸ֣СһضʵûУôִܽ˵еľ磿
˿Ҳˡ
û뵽һСӣȻ߱˵С΢ֲܾޱȵԤйСܹСʵӦǿ󼸱Ķ֣
ҹʲô΢
ȥŭıȫͷųԪ˸΢΢â˲䱬˫ٶȣӭһȥ
һƬҶһֻĺƮף΢֮ܿӲѵһѺۣȻһӣǯס򢣬Ƶ󱳣סλá
ôܣ
¶ֱ飬Ϊ̫ڸУס֣
꣡
˶һĹ
羱һǶŤţ۵ɵùԲͫѸٷŴͳĴģ뿪ˮ㣬ڼѵĴϢţսʧȥϢ
ӨӨ¶±飺죬ôɱˣ
ɱˣҪñɱľ򡣡ɱһصˣȰ׿ˮһ⣬Ƥգһ£ңһ죬ͶһЩ޹˱
˺ã˻ã
ûɱúã
Ƿ׷׺Ȳ
ȺдһĦ˾Ÿʿ׵սʿΧִӵˣ


8 
ӳ¶ŭ֮ɫһССͷߣ»ԣͬʱҲأǷǳҪһ·ڲ·ȴˣôŭ
˭ɱģվ
Ŀ׷׾ۼϡ
ӳŭðɱˣĿ޷ɣֱﲻ⣡Ծ߰ɣⲻƤ֮࣡
ӨӨΪͷҲЩһ۸ǣҶˡ
˭ˣӳعͷָˣ𣿻㣡˭Сھվ֤
Ⱥ˽û˸˵
ʱһ򵹵ĵƦվ޺ӳԩԩ
ӳһ˵ʲôֱ˵ӳ˽ԻΪֹܺ
ƦԹĿų죬һһѱ˵ǲԶģ˭֪һϴۣ˭ǳϴע⣬Ȼ͵Ϯɱ
ֻҲţӨӨûѷθըֱ˵˵
Ʀڵֹ
ãѾˡӳһ֣ٺɱˣ̰ѷѺʹΣ
ΰ͵Ʀһǵûа취ߵڰ׷ҧһڣӨӨߺǲߵģǼֱǿ
ӳЦ˵٣ˣɱˣ־вȫûܾǣϣǡ
ͨΰ߱ʵȻӵ΢ԸһһԣһϾЩ鷳ˣοʿӳʵǿҲӦ
ʱ򣬴Ⱥһϳǵˣ
˸սԼ
ӳȻŭ˭˵ֳ
䣬һŮӴȺѩ׹⻬Ĵȣĸ߸ѥɫٲ㷢òʻһǸһŮˡ
Ϲҡҡͷ˭֪͸ǰҿ㣡
ӳľٳҲŲʲôȻִӣȫˣһȥӳҪʣڽΪ
ﬣﬣﬣ
ʿͬʱγΧ
Ϲɫһ䣬ͷɫͻȻ޷趯ӿһȵȻһɫâ緢Ļɽգһķ
һǿҵѹ̼緢
ΧǸоѪҺˣ

Ԫ꣡
һ׼Ѿʿ
޲𾪸̾ϳǼ˿ڣʿʮ򣬻ʿȼʮÿһѾʿضǿʿͨ˸ûл
Ϲ۷ΪֻſѾǿѲԪ֮
緢ĺɫâУܼһģӰͷ򢣬߾걳βݣ׳ޱȣͷųǿѹη
Ԫ꣡
Ϲƣ
ᣬأϳǣҲ˭֪ϹǻԪ꣬ϳŮǼ弸һţԪӵߣǱ֮Զ
ԪߵĻ
Ԫ꣬ߵ֮Դ
ÿһ߽רԪ꣬ΪﵽѾʱԪŻ᳹ѣûһ־̬ħޡֲԪ̬츳Ǳֱ֣ԪԽǿʵԽǿǱԽǿ
ϹƵԪ̬ǡˡ
Ǻε
Ϲƾ߱츳սܺɨͨͬʿ
Ҳ΢һԾȻȫĻˣȻûȫѣɳǱǳ޴ôһСطϡԪꡭе˼
ǲҪץ𣿡ϹȵĻԪ֮ڣÿ߳һǿһ֣޷Ϊʲôסأ춯ְ
治֪ǴС㡣ӳŵɫ̱ڵϣʹļͷҲˣСŹһɣ
ϹƲ׼Ѿĸ֡
ǳĶŮ²ˣ
⼸Ϲǰ͸СϺûʲô
ϹȺ֮£Ů·һ㣬ԪڵĽӿǵ˼ǣҲ۸˾ͿԿ
ӳŵֱðҹϣٲˣ
Щűĳ˵ȥϳݲ棡
Ԫ
һָ
һҫۻ⣬˲ѶӳһλҽţԼ룬ҽȻֹʣһ߽ڵͷŶ̿ˣ
̫ǿˣ
۷ʵ
һСԪѾǿ˵ԪȫѣϹָǶôĴڣ
ϹƻջԪ֮ĿɨͨʿۣͬͬˡǾԷΪӴ˹ϳǣ
ԷΪúݣ
س׵ˣ
ϵΪôͨˣܱȶӳҪã
ϹƵϳûм˲ֽ֪ѾǺܺˣ
лллС㲻ɱ֮
ʿͻﲿλԪһͳͳɢʧȥȫԪ֮󣬴Ӵ˳ױͨˡ
ǹ
Ϲ
ʿңţ뿪
Ⱥһ󻶺͵ͷ߻๴ᣬǿ಻ԣڵԲǶһ
ӨӨ֪Ϲƺǿû뵽ǿֵز
Ϲƶô
ָжǿأ
ӨӨϽ߹ȥʦ㣬ô
ϹƺһжûзҴţرóԣԾôͷܻˣѵҪҳţţ
ӨӨͷãȵȣ
һҲһɡ
ӨӨԷ򣺡ϡŴʦôҲˣ
һŻɫ۵ˣ׷Բԣ̬ӣէǳƽϳȴû˲֪ϳǷʦĻ᳤壬ͬʱҲϳΪߵ֮һ
岽ɵӣӨӨмＸﻹġȴԺѾµ콻ĹΣӨӨԼɵġ
һŸˣ
Ŀ¶ڳϡ
ӺӨӨţˡ
ϹһСƬŽ۶ʱһۣǺܺóأ
岻עţűζƽ׹Ԫ󣬷ǳʵԪħ⣬ôģ
첻ͷĶô࣡
ӨӨæø첲ײײ죬üŪ۵˵ô˵ģ֪֪˭
첻мһ˲̫֮˳ۡ
ӨӨоԼСеܲס̩ɽĿŵķѵɱ֮ʵ¶ָͷҲɱʮΰ˴ˡ
ǸǸ¹ҵܣðȻȷвס
ǵоһ׳컰˼ͼʮа˾žǳԴ֣֮мЩᣬҲҳݡ
ĸо̫ˡ
ô΢δŵġ
˼ĳЩ壬ŵĺĽӰˣΪСУ˾ԲܵЩһŭҪ̤Ƶϳǣֱ練ơ
û˵֪ͺã
΢΢һЦոչ۲Сս΢أͷӺա֯һѧᣬϯĵãȻˣ귽棬Ȼ
ӨӨһתĸо
̬˰ŴʦǵƤΣ
ûи
һλʦһëûСӣ
ֱӾܾûȤ
Ϲվ˵СӣҪͷǮǣ϶١⵹ǴҪģһҹӴϳû˸׶㣬ֱϵڱ
Ȼܾûʱ䣡
ƽ˵ҿԵȣʱʱ̸¡
ӨӨ޲öһţǶĻ᣿ʦƼ֮£Ǵͷ飬ҪˣһҹǱȻĽܻԴ̺
ҡҡͷˡֱԣˣ
˻
ӨӨһ
ϹҲԲһ˫۾
첻ӦϯˣȻʦ«ﵽʲôҩ


9 ʧ
ûб仯Ҳףָ㡣
쿪żɽ·ơɫҾܿܲá
۽΢΢鶯ȻһЦ˵ˣ˥ߣʲôֵġ
˵ʵͣԪҲ൱ۺԼ˥ʮأ˥Ȼ˥ԭ˵Ķ𣿡
СѶۻȷоɼЦһϷӲʣ֮ˣδΣˡ
޷ǿŴҩά֣ܵһˣһԴһѪ˵һɺԪѹеľ綾ÿ쵽ҹϣңϪѨѨѨϹѨѨȣϿʳ֮УԲԣ
΢΢һ
ʴĶʮˡ
Ϲƿ壬ǲ֮ɫ
Ȼһֱ֪ʦ಻ãǴ֪ʦо綾

建վӣǳ֣ضԳһƺıˣȻˣһ˿ʮǰż̽У಻дʴ֮ЩһԪѹƶȴҲ޷̵ľ綾Ѱҽҩʦȫ޲ߣڻѾˡ
ǿѹƶ̫ãҲ赼ڶ裬Ծʣˡ
һЦϷ֮ǰĲˣҲһ¡
Ϲһֱ֪ʦ಻ãȴû뵽ж£ôʦѧϰûмʦ֣һֱΪʦ躹ޣԭʦԪѹƾ綾û˽֡
ˡԱߴӨӨţòˣӦչؼˡ
ӨӨԳԽԽ棬һ﾿жٱѽ
˿ʼʰˡ
ϹƼʣιȻһ۶죬֪ⶾ֮
عͷ˵һ䣺С
Ϲ¶ϲɫģ
һתΪʲôҪ
Ϲƿˣ
λԴʦһǸжرȣָõˣ
һ㶼ںȫƾϲȫأ
߰ɡڰ֣סϹƣһ׵֪ʶϣȴƫƫԸӨӨдΣ׾ٻþ޴ƸȴƫƫԸ̯ţšУˣĪڴˡ
ͷӣ㲻ΨһĻᣡȫ԰ץѽⶾ취ʳ
ƶ̫ˣǧҪ壬ܵĳһϹ壬Ҳ޷ܵġ嵹ǲż¶һǻ΢ЦңһˣĲԸңαذЩң룬ƾϳǵӰΪԼ鷳ô
Ҳף
һĴᣬ̰޶ȣĴְӨӨȸһ
ϹƲᣬдЩȫǰﷹͰˣ
˵֪ΨһܾҵˣԽʱǶ鷳ߴĻҶҪȷȻ
ϹƻȻ
һһϺ꣡
ӨӨ޳ʣ죬ܾŴʦ𣿡
Ȼ
ܼ𣿡
ѡ
Ϊʲôȣ
ûϣ㼱ʲôһʱˣȵһʱ˵
ӨӨˣȫ޷˼άʽ
Ȼʲôֱ壺ǽ׬˶٣óһƣʱǮˡ
ӨӨǮҵʼһǲŰ̯СʱȻ׬140ңԼ70ңŵģ
ӨӨˬֳһҡ
һ׬Ǯ൱Ǯ
һֲ̯ϲ鲻롣ǰˣǻ˵ðģ࿪ֵ꣬һ׬ٽҶٵģ
ôĻÿɾ׬ǧң
Ϊûʲô֣ܹɴег
̻°˸̣ÿƽӪղңܾһҵӡһССţţӪĺã׷ϽľӪ̻ᣡ
ӨӨ룬֪ʱ֮󣬾˻Ǹأ
ȵȣͣ

еǮˣҪȥ㶫
ӨӨ붼û˵Ҳȥ
ƣȥʲô
ӨӨգգ۾ѽ
һλǰԳ˵һŮ˶˲ŨҺģֻЧĽ취
һɱ
ڶ˯

ϳǣ
һǰ΢΢߰ףִŭһֻᣬüͷʲôѰ顣
ϳǵĳϹ㣡
ǳȨ۷壬ӺòùҪǿĵطòáϳƫԶ߽ǿħޣκһ˺һο޷͹£ΪϹûٷġ
Ϲͷģڵ飬ǴǵļƷŮ
飡
鷿űҰ߿
˭
ϰ֣ҴʲôˣϹ߿鷿ţĴҹ
ϹκϾ᣺ʲôͼ
ˣ˵ʲôأϰֹô࣬賿ڹȻҪԵ㶫
һʡʡɣ
ϹֱӰѴӴ򿪣һݷݶóľƣӳζ㣬ӳҩ࣬һ˲ˡƷóԵ¹ţţȳζô
Ϲ㿴ţţôһ룿
Ϲһ˵һҪıô죿ΪŮȻҪԶԵһҪ쳢ζ
ϹһСŽ۾ϸܣϹԳǷǳнģ̾͸оţڲͬ۶֭ħ⾹ȻҲ⿵ôãȷʵй֮ģ
ϹֱӶϹ֣ͱˣǮɣ
Ϲһ㲻Ծϵӣ٣
Ϲ붼ûͿ˵5ң
Ϲ㱻Ǻˣȿȿȡ٣5ң
ŮҪͶһĿ
ʷѵǰϹŲŮ˵ǣٸ200㻨ǮһΣͶʵ飬Ҫٸˡ
ϹƼˣϰ֣Ұ
ô㣿
ϳǳһţ
ôͷŵǣ
һֹרħ⣬ţžǴǹճģɵ϶ճζħ⡣ǵո𲽣ڻûʹͶݳ֣һ׬Ǯ֮ڣұ֤ұ֤˫㣡
ͲҪˣ
ûѣûңֻҪһܸǰۣȫҪզǣ
Ϲƿˮ˵ˡ
Ϲʼռԡ
׳գϰ֣źڰɣ
ҵҹߣ
˭˵ģ׳Եʳ
ϹˤŶȥȷ黹죬ϹŮһ취ûУСϲ֣ҲиȡҳòܲŮȥӻɣ
ϹԼû뵽
һΣʧˣ


10 ҩ
ҩг
ӨӨ߽
һƯĵСӭʣӭҩгʲô
ڽΡɫزӼزЫϽǡҪ棡첻˼һ󴮲֣ÿݣٶȿ㡣
Сʿˮ˵رϡĲϣϳгÿ¶ʮݣܺãڸպݣ50ңټϣܼ291ҡ
쿴һĿɿڴӨӨ˵һǸģȲҪô࣬㲻ڡ
ôĶӨӨҲ򡣲ڲһˣѾԼ׬Ǯź͵Ҳʹʹ291ңõҩģ׼뿪
ͻȻһӴֵ߹
ȵȣ
Ҫˣ
С¶η壺Ҷܼң
֪ңǻϻʲôҶܼһֵ̬ˣ˿̼͵İڰ֣үؼʱҪǵˣ㸶ô
Сɫοһ۳죺ǿѾǮˣأȨջƷ
٣ҶܼһƴڵСϣȥĹأʰˣ
СסڵϿ޺ĶԲĶԲԭңҲûݹүң
̸ҹҶֱܼӵС㣬Ŀڳϣ촩ͨ۹Ŀһ˿мСӣľͷӣûҪôҳ80ң潻ҡ
ӨӨͿӲˬ˿̸ŭûиǸջ100֣ȴҪ80ߣôҪĻҲ˵óڣ
ЩһĲֵүȴɼֵĵҩǲҪʶô
ޣǳ٣ҾȥιҲ㣡
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ͷкõ㣬ǿʼҩɡ
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ҩˮҩһ
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ͣһ¼˵׼Ԫơ
ӨӨˣɲҪЩϺܹģҸҩ
˵ҩ֮ѧҪ㣬һҩ󣬵ڶϣߣļҩҪģһҩʡܶ£ֲܹϵĲࡣһΪûУԪǿȲƣֻˡ
ӨӨεɶᣬʲôԪƵʣʲôգʲôļɡ̫ˣ
ģһֵͨҩֻҪѲ϶ȥ䷽ˣɵҲ
ӨӨҶ٣㲻Ҫƭң
һҩģһ䷽ֲͬҩƣпֽܻȻͬҩ
½ҩ䷽ǹģΪõ䷽ûãؼҪõӦҩΨҩԪƳӦҩ
ִҩѧձΪҩ߱ԣҲ˵ÿһֵҩҩˮֻһֶӦҩ󣬲һҩȥҩ⼸һĶɡ
ܱ
ӨӨеڴʼĵȴ
컭ٶǷǳģӨӨѾ̹һһСʱûá
ӨӨֵס˯⣬ƤǦƵãԽԽʶԽԽģȻ˯˹ȥʳһ˿Өˮѩ΢΢죬ʮֵĽɰ
ʮӺӨӨԺбҡѹһǿˮվô˯ˣ
չʾһҩͼ뿴
ӨӨƽӣµģǧģ鲼ϣͺͼ֯һ·Ӱݷḻͼ
ʲôԪ
һƵķģȻ÷Ŵ󾵿Ҳܳ治֪ôȥġԪӴӣ⿴ž;ÿֲ˵ֺҪһ˿һ˿Ŀ̻
ԪԽܾԽ׳
Ϊһţƫһ˿һͻʧȥЧ
ӨӨԸ̾󷨵ķ߼ֱˣױһҲһ
˵һ㣬ȷʵ˷ġ
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ҩ̾𶯴½
һҹ䳬80%ҩ󣬶һǧҩЩ䱦ܵĶӴ˱׶ѣΪһѱ̭ѧ
ԪԳڱĿֲٻչĴݣմЩԪ
ʱֱһ֪ʶ


11 һ
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ӨӨæʣҩЧжǿ
ô˵ɣֻҪһö츳ٲܳΪ徳һصʿ;߱ΪˣҲܴԪǿȡҪһǣֵҩȫ޸á
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һԪͨʱ̾Ͳһ̥֮У
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ҶС󶼽Ź⻷ԳֹߣԸȣݵƣ
ȡ裡
һ仰Ҳұȣ
Ҷ˵ףϳҫ۵ҩš٣ӮȻģ㲻ӮҲΪսңջССҼöˡ
ģ
һʵ̫ˣ
ӨӨоԼѸҹ³ˡ
ȡ裬ٵȻܳȫҶùһİè̫ˣ˶ٷƺսæùô
Цĺܿģô棿ҷ㣡
ҶóһžƬһŽ֧ȡ5000ҽңҾ5000Ϊע֪ǿ϶òôǮ˵ĻҪӨӨҵŮͣҵʹūţ
㲻ҪˣӨӨ߳ŭȥˣμҶСݸǩԼҪӮǷԼȥ̻Ǯǣ
Ҷû뵽ӨӨúúãǳǧѧѣپʹ󷢴ȱúõĽǣ
ǧҡҡ׹̻ѩϼ˪
һ˵ĺģ


12 ݺݵش
ʱȺһɧһ׸ߵľ޺֣߳ɫ̷⣬ɷ繷ܰǿ׳˼˼֤ˣ
ⲻҩô
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һ׼ѵĸ֣
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վڴҩ룬Ҷ塢죬վһߣΧΧȺڡ
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ͼ˵ܸоⲻŭ𵤣ȻֵҩƣǴԲ죬öҩǿȸŭ𵤡ҶԣһֽȻͬǸԪƳĵҩҩƵŭҩ㣡
˸оһת

һŮȻűҩʦ᳤ҩ


13 ȡ
һҩգ͵ҩѪڣȲҪֵ֪ҩĹЧΣ˶ӨӨ˵Сܽܣ͵ĵҩ
ӨӨ֪ԼƵʲô
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ŭ𵤵ĸܶǿ˺Ϊˣʱ̣˭Ը⸶ĴۣһƳŭ𵤻г
о֮һȻ˲һҩʦ綼ᱻ𶯣
͸оѪҺȼգӨӨƳƷʳĵҩǸصָжֲأ
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ſڣһݲæӭСôŻС㶼켱ˡ
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ƺе㲻ԾС㵥棿ӣû̫߽࣬ȥ
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ĿСһ
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ǰҹֻδˣѾèӣ豾ˣȻ֮òԶи
⣬ĿǰŮУ죬˵ģ׳ظԲµΣ˫ĳȣ޲ɢ
ӨӨһӣԸɵӵ棬˺һɺȣǾԵ˵Ůζ
ϹҲƾɫԸǳŶׯĸ߹ʣܼԭʼ
ߣ
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һԵڶ
СĿһ˿֮ɫ
ʶеͻСƺãҲ봥ùͷװģ֣С˳죬С㣬ʴСʲôָʾ
һ
һӡͲˡ
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ʣ㵽ʲôӽӨӨʲôģ
С㣬ô˵ˣСҴμңô˵ҽӽأȥ֪ˣ㲻Ҫ͡
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῿ӨӨѱûҰģ
һ˫˵Ŀ̳ǿҵĵ⡣
ʮε̾һ
Сֲõҡ
ƴʦİ


14 ߷ߵĴС
һǿұ˵һֱѩǳ𣺡ӨӨڴ䣬ʢⱻЩƭκγ飬ӨӨܵһ˿һ˺ҾȫҲŹ㣡
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һǵŭӿһɺΣظǲɷӱȲЦŮǿģָһ飺ҽƱ磡ٸһλᣬҪǲ˵ʵ֣Ҿ㣡
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ԶԶԣȥˣҲһƢһС㣬˴һһû˯𰸣˰ɣ
׻ɫò԰ףԾ㡭㾹Ȼɳ޲ӨӨʮ꣡
˵ʲôûɹ𣿡Ц˵Լöţֻ֪ʺӿϣҪǴȥӨӨͻˣǹãشԣרУ̻ƶˣѹһֱҿ뵹ҲԶˣ
죡
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һ㿪ۣС椣˵Ͷִˣֱб򣡽˭Ȣ㣿
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ðɣһҲǴ򣬴һҲǴ򣡡
Ȼ㲻
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败㣬һճ죬ǴСһΰ򣬳ҲǺ飬ʹ̼񾭣ͬʱ㴫ȫȻһС
㲻ƾô򣡡
Գݸ߹Ʋˣô򣡡
㽲Ͷ֣ô򣡡
ҶӾô򣡡

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ӱ߽ӣȻһ˿оʹаһ˿УŴԽԽǿң岻һЩӦ޲һͷײ
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ŷſһ˵Ź֣֪ܿͻҵģطҲˣˣǽúΪ֮ɣ
βоȻôǿңһȳһ뿪һʱЩʧˡѵ˵ԩ
費һԸˣƽʱؽΨӨӨ۸ϣǾԵ̡֪ӨӨ͵͵ҹޣһİ˳ȥҹʱһ뷨ñƭˡ
ΪڶõĹذ÷ŭͷԣɥʧƽʱǡ
ԩͲܺúýͣҪ̼ңǵҵƨɣƾһ㣬Ͳˡôˣ̫ˣ
Ͻ·ֻ·ʱȻʣǼһ̫ݣƨɶˡ
ʱɻż˸պߵɻʮֽòʲôҪ飬С㣬ãҪС㣬˵ҪҪ
ҩʦ᳣ͣ
Ǵˣ
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ȰѸ˶Թһߣһʱȥ͡
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ͿżɽˣҪʦӨӨΪʦ
豻һ仰ûųಡ


15 ׷Ī
ݣ
һǿߡ
ڶ֪ҩʦ
ϳҩʦ᳣ϡ
ģϳǽܱ׵ܵܡ
壬ҩгĻɶӵڶҩͲҵ
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˵ľʵһ˼ǺġĸˣȻ첻ͽܣΪʲôȡػսԣʦӨӨӨӨϣѧ֪ʶأ
һҩգΪѧҩʲô
бʦ˶ãԼǾֵȥѧ
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οӨӨ۷壬Ҫ츳Ͳ
ί̽μһС壬ܳǳô¶ɣӨӨı£һܲôܳϵʸûС
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ˣװˣǶ֪ˣϹưһڵϣҶƴһңΪＯʽҾͲڿˣӨӨҪͶʣҪҪһɣ
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ʲôӨӨ۾ʱʪˮ̲סӿ˳ôİңǻôһ͸ˣôǲԩˣ
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ѾʶԼһ¡
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ӨӨֲֽܲ㣬ӽǶûдֻ̫ԼңԸֽ
쾡ľңǵûеõжˣһʧİɣ
ӨӨеھκ


16 ݶı
ôźã
üԲߣһ跨ʱ䣬ӦûԶϿȥһҪһ
Ҳֻˣ
·
ٰһʢдλӨӨ˲ֵʼʱȥˣӰӶûҵ
ӨӨʧͨһҪߣǿ϶Ҳˡ
仰ӷᣬǳίȻ˵ΪˣҲˣǵݺңʹ˼ʮƨɣӶûбѵ֪ô
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죬͸һݾϲ
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Ц裬ɵװɵΪ⳥ʧ͹ô֣
һŸ߼ٿ׵߳ȸ߸ߵľһƣϳǵӵĴӳ
Դ˵Ͷܺڶ࣬Ӱ켫ӣɷ̻Ϊ̻ḺˣܲࡣôвжΣֻܵͬű߽ۣм伮Ϊˡū
úݣ
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ӨӨΪˡ
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ģʱһӰƵڴг޵Ŀŭ˭Ҫʦȥˣֱȳһȭ
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ʱһϤŮȴˣպģʦϣŪǷǣĵҲС
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ʱ˹һɫһӴ䣺ϡʦ


17 
Ǻܵ
˲еϵ̻ǰشҶҷúˮ̻Ѹٳɳˮ̻̻ҪƷǷЩĶûֹͣ
ˮ̻ԽԽǿҶ֧֣̻شѾΪ̻ᣬûʲôɽ߸һȼĶ֡
費򵥣Ӳǿѹεļ̻꣬ûпھ޴ѹ
һǳҰĵˣϣ̻ջԻֻͣҲ̻ûк̨澺Ƕĺˮ̻ģ뵽辶ؽְҩг
׼֮ҵܣô
ܣ
Ǳˣ
ǰԼӨӨˣμҳ׺ԼƲϵһϵϵȷҾԲⳡı
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ζҪһܣ
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ԽԽڼɿˣݹ಻
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ſڴƻƣŪϷ򣬻ŪңЦڤˮж޷⣬Ȼһ޷Ķ̸θݣ
ŭμҵˣһǳĸ̿ѣ˼ֱ͸ǧУ
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޴֮ĿһñӣڤˮͨʴԪʿ˺ԶͨȫЧġֻҪ飬ͨǷжжϡţٰѶҩһﷸԱ֪ڤˮҾͰͷ㵱ߣ
һ˵ڤˮǳͷβĶǳϡУ۸񰺹ϴҩﶼʮûҩлʹõ⣬̻߹ܾɵҲܰѴڤˮŽԼҩԣǲ⣬ҩʧ󣡡
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ҲͶףҪ鸺ȫ𣡡
԰꣬԰꣬ʵͶߣѾҵˡߵָȥ㣬ɻ


18 ҳ
һ
ȻµͶĸ֮Ϊȴô벻˵ţ˻ǸԼ꣬Ĺɽ
ǰɽ׶ӱܳң̻ɽ츳ʵҫֻۣ̻ᵱһͨͨĻã̻ᱬ䣬ɢ˲ż߾Ψɽѡ£ɹѹء
ôһѣԸֱּظˣĻᱳ
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˵ɽݶ۾¶һ˿ƵĻţ̻˭֪ҶԴСĹôܻẦС㣡ò֤ݣҪѪˣ
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ŭĿ⣬ͬʱеϣ
ָų죺ѵ̷ԼһūͻһƣǧҪϵˣҲܺߣü˶жˡôܸйϵ̻Ҫ޻ң
ŭµ㻹ϣ˶ɵ𣿡
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һԽսˣۼһʵǶȻܵص࣬ôܻһСС̻ᵱˣ
һȭܺū͵˵


19 
ʲôˣܹ裡
Ǻˮ̻ļ̳ˣһūҲҵң
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᳤أһǿͬʱƵ˵ֳ˶ˣóȻ֣Щװɣ
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һӵϣ˲ѺûҽȻֹԼʮӺȺɢ⣬Ѿѱ档
˭ֻ뵽Ľ֣
΢΢˫һʪ󣬶걻ˮ̻ѹƣһѩǰܣȴûиĿУֻƣͱˡ
ǰҲ
Ϊһ棬Ҫȥô
ˣ룬ͽɢ̻ᣬӴƽƽĹӡ
죡
صԼһҡ
оĿ⣬ͷһЦ˵лң
٬ӣһˣҷϣǼͲ׷ˣ´ΣǷǵøƴһ
·ҩ꣬вжΣԸܺһʧΪҵⶾվɺҺˮ̻߻һıǲܷŹף̻ԸⴥлЭұѩֻع
һ˻޲м㡣
᳤ˣ
˵ûǲܷŹף
ֵǣһƽˮ̻ᣡ
̻ЭټǧƵܺѼκˮ̻ǿҲ밲Ȼ
վڷڵȺУģǵӣӵŮĿ;

ŭ֮£ӿˮ̻ᡣпԵʴȾǶԼ̣ǣһԹܼҡɻı磬ָܺߣ
ʼ

ȺƺƵĸϵֳʱˮ̻ٸػסҪ򣬴ȫգ߲һû
Գ
Գ
Ϲҹ
ǰѺˮ̻Χˮйֻͨѣ׷׽Уһ͵ȼӣܻܿ
һưѺ
˴ҵΣһηͨ긾Ůһ˾ͯһŮͯ
ӨӨһϳɻְ̣
⵽ѾˣĿĵǣÿ˶ָͷǱȥġ
긾Ů˿ڸȾջԣͯ־˽û˷ӦѾˣСŮͯҲǳһ˽ֿ̾޺
ӨӨ㣬Ҫ£
ŮܾͯŹȣǿָͣ
ӨӨ۵İŮͯŮͯϲ˰ָ̣ûˣ۵Ƥ棬Ѫģ
ӨӨ̲סᡣ
̫ˣ
Ҽֱ
ΪʲôҪĥһŮ
ɱ
ΪƽأӲϹ
ϹơߣԸ𱬣Ҷֱӣزסŭ𣬺޲ðѺˮ̻ɱþйͷ֮ޡ
һŭڲǷйʱͯŮͯһ㣬˻˯ȥǾͿ첻ˣҪߡ
ҳһƬ
ʵμǿ̫࣬вٻҶӶ۴Ǵ˵ɵѹμһһȺŭܺЭμóȻңѰ·
˿̣˫뽺״̬ʼӡ
ϹƳХһֺ⣬ӵһ֧һǰֱ򺫼׹ȥ
䣡
һ죡
ֲӱҳӡ
ϹƵʵ̫ˣܻѸӳҵĳúһŵñͷܡ
Ϲվڸ߸ߵݶɫ߸ѥɫᱡɴ£ɫ㷢ѩ׳ȣӣټȵԪȥһŭĻŮ
ˮ̻˶ţ
ʮڣͶϹݷģ֮أ
֮Ů
ˮ̻˶ˣ
ǳŮûκְʲôʸһֳִ󽣵ɫ䣬̸ź壡ѪսףǺ޹ģҲûʸݻٺˮ̻ᣬЩѰƣȻܵϳͣ
Ǻƣˮ̻ĸ᳤Ƿǳߵġ
һ
û
ˮ̨̻Ӳأ
ÿϳǹ׵˰նһʴ֣ҪӣֻҪŵӵһܹΧġ
ʱٸΰʿ׵ʿ֣һɳˮ㣬ӿֳ
һٸϳΰǸϳڴģеֱĿȫ
¶һ˿ϲɫԽҺˮ̻ᰡ
ʵҶҵţҲǺҵĺֻ̨Ҫ˴ٷ֣ⳡΣпܻˡ
Խ֪ﵽô£
µʹ⣺
裡ЫˣԵһƣ̺ҵֶɿȺҺˮ̻ᵷңҺˮ̻ǰطһ˿Բϳǵ飿
ֶԩɿȺڹȻҺܲĺˮ̻ʧءڣڰ˶Ӳʩϳͣ񲻺ϳģ
һŭˡ
ƻ˵仰
ʲôϳģ
ˮ̻᲻ǲĺϳǵģ


20 𺫼
µӣôһ£
Խŭĳŭ𣺡׷ץȥر׷裡˭Ҿвɱ⣡
Ϲɫһ䣺ǹˣ
ԽԴ˵Сأְְأɷ¸ҲϧȻˣҲ㲻ҪΪŰˣϳڳģϹ˽أֵȥҲΣ̻ﲻˡܵϳͣ
Խݼɣ飬ǴȻ̬ȡ
֪˼һĻΪԽޡ
ϹƲñըˡ
ԽӢϣϳ֮¶һ˿֮ɫͽǻ־ܣѵҪ췴𣿡
Խһ֣׼ս
ʿڳս͡
Ҳ߸߾ҵĶǣϣԽһ֮
ǰ󶼱Χˣ

ɺޣ
˲Ѫ
ǷŭͲʣ
һͷǳǿһ֧ΰִټȥֲκκô
Һ̨̫Ӳ
ѵô
ʱһɽ㣬ͻȻڴ˵ءֲޣ˶
Ҳ̫ϳǽˣ
͹Цʱ򣡡
һ֧ӣһɫӿֳÿһ϶Ѫ֮һ֧սĥ³Ļǲӣ
һ׳ľ޺Ⱥ߳˴ĽףɭϢԼʮңм
ϳǿܱ
ǰһݡԴǵΰԽ˿ŵͷ󺹣ȲĲҲû뵽ȻὫôһǳˡ
¶һ˿ɵ֮ɫܱ㡭
ܱ͵ŭ˫ۣɫԪӿǵĺ緢üڶһ㺮˪
𣡡
бޱŭ𣬴ܱɫԪûΪһͷ޴ޱȵľܣһԶŵײϢ̼˷üΰʿɫµòˡ
ٻԪꡣ
ʿ
ϹơٻԪ֮ȴ޷Ԫܱ꣬ȴֱͷųѩܡ֮Ԫ꣬ɴ˿ɼܱһʵĻѾʿ
¶Ȼı飺ʲô
ʲôȻɱ㣡
ѩԪŹâͷųķѩ֮
ܱԿ쵽ٶһȭȥȱӿı˪֮ɱ񣬽űХȭУķѵը飡
ѾʿϳǣֱǽĴڣͨһһλ˵ĿûѾʿˡ
͵Ԫܡ
ܱԪǷѩܡ
ֵܵԪԽȻͬ˫ԵԪܱ꣬Ϊ͸ߵö࣬ĿǰܻһСԪܱ֮ܳͷԪǿսһȼģ
Ҳ

ΰԽûü¹ģܱͬһȭûκεȱɱٱȭ統˺ѣ
һǺˮ̻ĸ᳤
һϳΰԽ
صܱɶͽɵˣ
ʵ
ɱ˺ɣ
͹Цʹ죡ʹ죡쵰ˣڴķѩȭ£Ǳˣ
ܱջؿֲԪ꣬ݺݵһۣʮˣҪÿ鷳ҪӸƨɣ
ܱԵܵһ취ûУĿɨ輸һۣͷİڰ֣ǷǰģڻѾ˽⣬ٰǰ˵һ飡
ܱϳǵĿλȨأλ󣬼ڳ
ҵϸ龭
ܱ¶ŭݣһˮ̻ᣬ浱Щڱû˸Ҷվ͸ǵɫƣȫֳһɼã鳭ҲƲߣɱۣ
ŵ
ȫʼж
ˣȫˣ
ˮ̻᳹ˡ
˷׷׽еͶȫȫĲƲ屻øɸɾ
ãһܱܵǰ潫ûзֺԣȴһܵҺֵܶǮˡ
ܱ˵쵰ˣ̷Ըȥͨչȫͨ
һߡ
迪ʼæžܺߡ
ڤˮܺ鷳ʱȴн취ҲÿָΪ֪ʶ¶̫ҲǺ£һ˵Сץоô죿
һꡣ
ҵ죺¸˵
椲ôǳɣѲɻŴƨɵ飿
䱸̺죬һţȥˣǼˡ󶼲׼ᣬе֪СҡһĶ
գգ۾ˬ˵ҶҶڴСƨɵ飬ҿ϶˵ȥġ
ôʲô
Ѫ
֪ΪʲôֻҪԳ죬رױ꣬Լ侲ǰȣó۾е㷢ֱˣһҧúøл͸ɰͰͼ֣лл
쵹Ǻ⣬ǳװƵİڰ֣զһˣ˵ʲôллҲ̫ˡԺҪٳֳ飬ɾͲǴƨôˣ
Сü̵ȥˡ
Ǳǰۣ
椳õǹƢ̫ˣ䰮ԶСɡ
ϽŵĨͣûʲô£Ҿˡ
ţֽסҧһ䣺ûץԺСĵ㣬һҪһͻ֡
еܳ
СרŻң
ʾõ̬ȣζŹĺֱô
ȷʵòΪ̫ۣ鷳ԵΪǣϻҲ硣
صָ˵Ǳߵͷһ¡
ڷͺȲ裬ƨƨߵǰ
һĻѪ޲˳죬岻ܱһλȨأӰȷʵǿģȻôһ֮
ʦ
ϰ׵
޾Ա߾нˣȶһڣſ˵ӣͷҸɵˣ
Ͻڰ֣ӦõģӦõģܶûôˣŴһҶоԼʮꡣ
ƷԻǰˡдһݲݸˣɣ㰴ϵĲȥռҪʴĶҩЩҩƵġȷʵʮֻ꣬ҪѶˡ
ϲ
ʴĶĥԼʮˣ
伮鷭飬ҩʦұ飬ûҵƽ֮ȴһϣô᲻ˣ
һ֮Ϊ
ޣһˣ˵Щʲôһ˵ͣ㲻ӨӨΪʦڣһᣬȥݽҩƳֻҪܹҾͬ⡣
¶ϲ֮ɫ̽ӹƹʬݣĳ棬Ѫ֣֭ЩǶҩ
ش˵ʴĶѰֶκѽ⣬ð취ԶҰҩͼ㣬ֽⶾҩѶȣͷ˸ܲɣͿ츳ˡ
Ϳһҩͼûӵɳ
һִֺڵĴʱǳϺɫ
ʲôҩ

ͷģһмҩܶĺͼδŵģṹҲ˷˼Ȼɣ
оÿһϸڼУ
ѾȲҪˣ
һҩо͸;ܻľ޴ջ
˸ǣҴȥ

͵ĵȻǡаҩ󡱣Ƕʱǿ֪ʶȻùģ롣
ڵĳ춥౻˵ţͷŵǣҲǺϡ档
ѡаͨҩعˣǾͲôˣٷ֮ٻᱻ½ץȥСоģ
ʴĶҩһ2ⶾ
ֽⶾȽƫţ޷ͨҩƣеר֮ԪԶԶ޷Ƴ
ûдﵽѾʿ2ҩѶҲƫ󣬲͵һοɡ㿼鶼޷ɣ˵ҩ츳ʵһ㣬ҲûбҪѧϰ֪ʶˡ
һ˫ɿŹɡ
ԽԽ͸һˣôԨ֪ʶΪʲôΪһūгū
ʱӨӨϹƻؼˡ
ӨӨƲ˵̾ƣû֮ǣǰͻؼСܴܵܵˣҴ˼ٽңԺʳǣϣ߳Ӱ
仰ɢɻȻ£ǲǨŭˣ̻һȥչǵİɡ
㣬ʲô㣿
ΪҩгĲһ̻ʽȥ豸䷽ϣִǸнƸҩʦȻһδҩ϶ǿȥˡ
ڴѴѵͶʴˮƯ֧ҩʦΥԼ⳥ܺߵĲʧ̻Ȼ븺ծΣ
Ļ䣬ʧ˵Ҵֱҵ񣬳ûծ̻ʣٰɣ첻ȥ͹ˡ뿪һط󰲰Ĺӡ
㣬Ŷʮ갡Ҫһ㣬ܾôѽӨӨĽеǳģ̶һԳ켷üŪۣ̻ȥûϵôǿкʵĻһϸߵĸ߶ȡ죬˵Ķ𣿡


21 漣̻ĵ
ӨӨָæ˵úõؼһ½㣬
һ˫ʾȴĳȫȫˣ
ŶƤ˵һûԣͶˡȥҵСݣǳһ٣
ӨӨһ˫۾Ӻ޲˹ȥһڡ
¶ôװͰ͵ı飬ҲһûԶһô죿ǳǿƣȫСѾͷĲڳԷҪȥԹԳԷ
ûԣ
СܲȴҲûа취
ʱ֣ŮСǰ
ϹƵ;С־Ʋ˵ûڹ¡ˣȣסֵطֱŰ
סֹط
һžִ
Ϲƶƽˣ
ҲǺƢ
μҲˣ
ӨӨһŮһԪȥʳģȺһ衣
׸ֳһԪ󣬲ĲˮʱʼȣӵĹ򣬾Ȼ΢΢ĶȲˮ
ϹĿâе˼ôԶأ
ӨӨգգ۾гһ󣡡
ϹƼһĴȣﳤô󣬻֪Ԫأ
һ˫ˮҲ΢΢һ¡
ȣǲǸûһطϹȵûðˮ͸ɴ£̰׵ļ֣һƽյҰһջķ顣
ʱ

һ紵
Ϲƾþһͬʱ־÷ǳ֣磿ķ磡ֱˣ
ӨӨЦǽڣɣǳԪȻûʲôãڵĿԾܲˡ
öǺöҷǵóСӰڼװɣϹ۾һ̶˵㣬ô
ü΢ĬĬ˼ʲôѾЩʧˡ
˭֪ӨӨ˵ⲻʲôҸǿȤġ
Ϲһߺĵˣ˷ܵĻƣ𣿿죡Ҫ㿴
ž
Сâ
ӱ
˱һ̧ͷȥʱͬʱס翴ʲô˼飬ͼֱȥһƻ
Ϲֱɵˣ⡭ˣСܷ⣡
ʦ㲻˰ɣӨӨѵװһأҸɣݣ
Ϲͷݣֵ֣Ҵû˵
еⲻҲǳ췢İɣ
Ȼǳ췢ģԪ󣬹Ԫ֮󣬻ãվܲˡһ־µĴʦ㣬һĽ㣬˾̾ıʱӨӨˣǳķȴ֪ôúӣԼһ
ֲŰ
˼ѵõĹֲţ
Ļֶᷢ
ͽѲϣ⡢˽⡢źƽײΡĴϣһħ⣬һҩġ
ӨӨһ˵ţأЩʲô߰㶫
ʲôţţûƷλһԪĹţиˣҪƳΪŪˡ
ô
⻹ܳˣ
ӨӨϹƶɵˡ
͵ȥȣҲǴħȡģһͲһŨŰƬȥԪħнϵɢܼٶȱ죬żƽԼϡ
һɢζɣ
Լʮǰ󡭡⡢峴źƬ⣬ɫζȫĳ˱
էûʲôֵģʵõĲϣħ⣬ҩģ½ûĳԷ
Ŵҩĺһֻ㣺ٰһȳŰɡ


ӨӨץһ˫ӣ𼸴ƬҰŽӶŹģǳɰ
ʹ׽£˼룬żܾ׽ٶҲԽԽ죬۾ð⣬ͨ죬㵸㣬ۣóԣ
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ĺܲ
λ㣬쳢
轫ŽƷһźһ൱ҩģҩҩˮģ쵱ɳʳĺ˿һ峴ζȻɿڣ˿˿㣬޲ðͷȥ
ţ
˼
ҩ߲ܵ˳ô
ϹƳһհ˽⣬ʽܣԣʵ̫ζˡ
ħбȫ߽⣬Ѿͨʳû̫ȴԶͨʳӪû˵
ֱţ
ħ⡢ҩôǵζѣܰӪֿ
ħҩ⿳ʳܶʵ߲ȻûҩһͼӰȻȴܷǳº͵ǿʡ
½ħҪҲûС
ʵϣκһÿ춼涨ʳһҩĻħ⣬ǿʣӶﵽЧֻǣħԷǳ鷳Ҫ㹻ǿ㹻¶ȵĻ𣬷ܽħ⿾졣
ûһ豸ζ͸޷ˣʳħ⣬ձִ֣޷ʣʳϱߡ
ӹɰ
ôһܹɡЧݵԪ⿷ôгռǷǳǰģ룬һ׬Ǯ
ˣ
ڶˣ
ӨӨ͵͵ƲһæŰĳ죬ﻺһ˿ůȻ֡ʵһϸء
ûԼİʾͷȰ˵Ըֱֱ۷

Сǳ⣡
ξͲƽ
ʱһƬǽ壬̲˿տҲӨӨԹˡ
Ůոսսͷ󺹣ǳ⣬ϸ޳ȣƹ¸Եðˡ
ɵۣҳʲô
ϹݣƺδԼĥĥ䣬㻹ܹ˭˹ͷһûԹأ
ס֣ҵģ
ٷϻ
ҩģǵڸУǼӪֵе塢ǿʵЧ
ҩԪأǿȻдߣҩǿ岻ǲԣǳʱõҩԺڷչʳһºȶķʽ
Ů˿󣬸һ㶼ۻĳ죬һ˲ͰϷִ룬䵽ֻܺĵز
ϹƱͱкܴϣڸ㽣ԪȷʵпΪ㣬̻ǧٿףʵڷǳģһ´ҵɣ
ȷʵһЩ⶯Ԫã֪ʲôơ죬ܽܽ𣿡
ӨӨȤˣ̺Ｑͷ㻰أ˵
һ꣬εĽԪһְȫݵļļԪܵû̫ȱݡ
ţûȱݣ
Ҫ˵ʲôƣֻ㡣һ߲ʵƣڶʦΪơ
1Ԫ1ʳ2Ԫ2ʳ仰˵ʳȼԽߣԪͱԽǿʦΪͱԽߡ
Ŀǰõĺ1󷨣2Ԫ̫ǿ޷ܣҪȺʮء
ʲôȱݰ
߼Ԫ󣬵ȻҪ߼壬Լ߼Ԫ߶֪顣
˵Ҫ2ħ⣬Ҫ߼ԪͬʱҪһŻѾĳʦƳܷ2Ԫ
Ѿǿϳǲżʮ
ĸеλߵˣ˭Ը⵱һʦɣ
ʵ1ԪԶԶ㹻гģ
Ѿ죬ֱԲ˵дһ̻㡣أĿǰȨҲûǮҪԸԺϻңȻһЩԭʼɷݡôûȤһأ
УȻУϹվһ
ӨӨ˵Ҫ룡
Ŀ⾼ֱʣ̻׼ʲô֣
붼û˵漣̻ᣡ
ͬͬʱ
Ϲ۷ֺܺð
ݣ
Ԫ
ԾشʵﲻǻѾ̭Ĳˡ
ϷɵģܵģˮεģͨѶߣսӳԪٵԪӿܻеٵ˹ܣЩĶʷ׳ʵĶֻҪʱ죬춼лὫʵ֡
ǲϡ˲šԴˮƽ˿̶̫̫ˣĿǰ뵽ģ
Ҫһڿڳԣ·Ҫһߣ̫װѵˡ
ϳǺСҺС޷ǲ׺һڰˣһʼ𺽣עһ;ɢһܹƻĵļ飬̫ģһǿһ磬һɣ
衢ӨӨϹƶǻһ
Ϊһ˲䣬һˡ
ҰҲ̫ˣ
п
ڴҲеܣ̣Ϊβȥһأ
뻹Ҫеģһʵأ


22 
ʱʰ̯ӡ
ȥע̻ˡ
һ̻ⲻһЩ׼עǵһϹƵĹϵĳ򾡿ܹ㶨
ǰֵͻȻһҰ˻
ʿ
Ӷˣ
Ӷ񷢸ˣҿȥ
Ŀ¶η֮ɫӶҶӶ֮һۺʵǳǿҲò֡ϾһսʿĴӶŰ
˿̣ݵӶǣžǡţ֮ħߵ֣ÿһͷħ޵ıװơơơʳۡ͡ףѷ·ĳ
ҲҪ
зݣзݣ
̻Ὣϳǿֻᣡ
λǷ᳤ֻҶԺ֧֣

긣˸߲ҵ뿪ⲻΪӶ蹦̵¡ӳҲһ
һʮ겻һͷսǱϣӵӶм䣬ɫףԵ䲻㿡ʣĿһǿươ
ⲻҶ۴˵ĳҶ𣿡
ϳŰ
Ҷ۴˲һǰ͵ôֱɻˣ

Ĺа˴ݿݾǰ˴ݿ֮һ
ҶܲǣϳڵһͨаˣҶҶһλϼʮǰͱɵϳҶϳǵĲҵ
ҶڶУؾ
һСҶ塣
һҶ
Ҷвҩ츳͵ѧϰ츳ѣ͵ݣԱԴóɳ
ҶĿɨȺʱͻȻע⵽һԸеӰ촽Ԧǻ᳤һ಻ֱøˡ
䵭Ӧл佱
ں棬Ϊʲôһ
ˣҸûȤ֪
ҶĿһ˿ݣϳǽ̻ķֻᣬѾչҵȫҵڶҹˣ˵һøл㡣
ҧҧ촽ȴû˵
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˴ܷǳգջҲΪʢģЩҩľֵңֻϧ˫ڷǡѪԵʬˣЩҲֵǧأ


27 
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28 
˾ǧټŮƲˣھȻϧŮ޸Լӣ
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輱ң
ãǺͿҶһƬģȴ֪ϧūţȥٰάһڼǸΪΪ㣬Ϊ˼壬ձɱ

ȸ߸ߵ̧Ԫ۳һɷصһѾ޴սݺԴⲻһνĶɱģҪǱУɣ

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ȭ㵯ײһ磬ֻһĹͷӶҽС
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ųԵӰųĿ¶һ˿ãֱǰδеļᶨȡ
졭лл㣡
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Գɫ԰ףʹ裬ĹεĶҵ㸸ĸ̻ᣬºͣڳӲˣȻ˶ԴҸӡֱʲ岻Тҵ
ʲ岻ТңȻһЦһ˿ŭ⣬ȻˣǾͳ˺ƤɣҵмɻҪ㣡
Գһ㶡
һֽʣǰĸ̶һܵĻʱ̶·߸û֪ȴȻڰ;̶ȫûΪΨҴ棿
Գ˻ƺˣһħϮ
ħϮ˵ѣҲΪ֤ôһ¡ʲô˭裬·鱨ҶңԲԣ
ʲô
Գһ
Ѿ֪ˣ
˵ǴһʼͻԼû뵽ȴһֱ̲Ů˺Ļ
һֱڻɣûκ֤ݣڼԳӵķӦԶ϶ˣԼĲ²һ㶼ûд
̻˺ҲϣƷʦ̵ۣѣ̱ɧţƻʱһǰϷּҲҪ̻ɷݣͼ̻᳹ѹ壬νТԳӣ㲻䣡
Գɫһһ󣺡ң
ǷԼҿԸǣֻһӴ˳׶Ͼûκιϵ
轫һԼڵϡ
һݸϽ鿴һ
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裡
ǵţߣ
ðƷ̻ĸȻˣ׷Ŀپհɣ
Щ˶һΨͼˣûаνϣԳǿסˣżе棬ּҽɢˡ
ȴһ䣺
˶Ŀ涼¶һ˿塣
¶һħЦѲ˻ǹȥǹ
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ԳӸڣŵ÷׷ſڵϣʼһȥ̫ˣ۶գͷݡڼȻ˵óֻôһó
迴ŷһˣһԹʱĺͬʱҲпǧҼѾһˡ
΢΢һЦ¸ƨҾ͹ˣ
Щ֮ԣȷһᣬϽתȥ


29 ԼΣ
ȥæµ
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Ϻü룬̺֭ḻʹʵõǿҪصľˡ
ȻһйʵͲôˡ
쵹Ҳż
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ɵƯߵӨӨüЦһֻĴָҹȻûп㣡
͵λСǰ
ӨӨͷϣСȭͷŭһӣվ׺ݺ˵ߣҾȻȫ֪֪ǰһȻô۸㣬ӨӨһǵгʮ˿鲻ɣ
лӨӨСָ´һгʮ˿飡һ˵һ߶˳룺Ȼˣ˰ɣԵ㶫
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һô
ƽѹӣô
ٴѹأҲܹȥģ
ӨӨչȥ᣺ʲô㰡
Ѫǿʣܷգٽ巢أ
УҲŲҪֶ
ӨӨô˵ȴȶһ롣
ǿЧڣֻ巢̣շһɺΣɵþѪԣôŪⶫ
ӨӨ龭Խ˵һ顣
⡭Ҳ̫ˣе£̫⣬ҪǳţһҪߴ
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Щƻһأ
̻ʵ׼׽ɢ̻ᣬѲֽȫͶ뵽Ҫʽߵ漣̻֮ϡԥܾ˵Լ뷨죬ô
첻ÿɷ˵ôɢ̻ᣬ𣿡
Ŀһ˿ˣ̾Ϣ˵ôҩгʧܣҲˣֻʣӰ˵ʲ޷֧̻СһǧԱĹʣǶ췢ˡڳ̻ᣬծ֮󣬻ʣҡ
ӨӨҲѹ̻ĸ飬κ˶ҪⲻأǸĸΨһŲ
ˣؽɢһ꣬ƻɳΪһΪ֮𶯵Ȼ
һ𣺡㡢˵ʲô
͵Ҫ漣̻Ķλǲרעĳ̻ᣬһۺԵĴš̻ٲãһ׼̻Ӵ˳Ϊ漣ŵµһ̻ᣬ漣ŵķҩҵ񣡡
ѽƷܶģҩҲӨӨվضԽ˵̻漣ŵľ޽ǰߵøȸԶģ㣬û䣡㻹Լ쵼̻ᣡ

ֱһεĸо
̻ҩҵ񲻱䣬Ӵ̻ݼ漣̻᣿Ʒҩı£費̫˽⡣룬ʦĻ᳤塢ҩʦ᳣ףԳհģ̻ȫȵأ
־˵̻Ʒҩһưư½ģȻ·;ңԶһܴﵽ
˵Ĵ󻰣̲סһۣ˵ǳưֻҪͳϳгǾǷǳ˲ˣ
ҪøԶ˵½һССССڣĿǰԺȻͣһ¼˵֮漣̻ʽӪǵϳһЩ䶯
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޻ȡʣҲʱֲȱʧ
޻ǷǳĲϣֻг2޵ڲŻΪ޻걣ʱ̣ܶгҪ޻ǺѵģرϳСС

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30 ֮ǰ
Ρڡѹա
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ǺηʥŮĸԸ죿


31 Ϸ
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˵ûҩ궼ˣƷҲҪܱͣμ̻᱾һ漣

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ҶͱòᣬôһСҲսԼʱȻŭһɱͷų۷壡Ҷﵽ۷Ϊʮǰʵһν
ө֮ҲԣȻʶôǾȥɣ
ҶȻ۳һɺȻսɽȻ緢ȫ½ɣǿѹƵ½ɶãЯǧ֮ƣȻԷȥ
һƻ˻ĺɨ
ҶҾѧ˻ƣ
ҶҸձ鵽زգҶȴ۷ͷˣƾһƷҶͬоռơ
½ɫʱ䣬Ȼû뵽Ҷ̺үס֣ˣ
ˣ
½ʵֵܵ
˻ӡ֮ϣԽʯǿ½·˺ѣһͷϬݺײϣ½ֱˤ⣬ȥ
̫ˣ
һýϣʹһҲΪһˣ
Ҷϻҳ־̣֪ô˾͸˽֡
Ҷ˸־ڱصã˭ҪǸңǰ֮
˶¶֮ɫ
Ҷʵĺǿ
磡
һ۵Ŀ޺Ⱥ
һʮŮһе˵½ǰСŮŴ·ôֲڵСְѸֲºܿ챻ѪȾˡ
磡
Ѱ
Ҫһˣ
½۵ĺǳѵ۾һֻޣḧõĴֲգԲ𡭡硭硭㶪ˣ
СŮеǲҪǻؼңǻؼң
½ɼҡҡͷˮûá㶪ˡ㡭չ˺Լ
˵ֱ͵ش䣬ĹԲͫѸٻɢ۾ֻһͷˣøô죿
СŮŸʬ庿ޡ
ˣ
ˣ
ΪҺҲ
ħħΪʲôҪɱ
СŮ۾¶޹âһ̨˹ȥ

Ҷ۾̵ɱַԪâһŮ


32 ˫
һʮСŮµȥ֣
Ҷһĺ֮
ס֣
ҶҪŮ˲䣬һֻϸֱɨѽҶָˡһӨӨûסŮ˵˰ȫľ롣
˭סҶ
˲ľˡ
һӰվҶǰһ˫޳˫ȣ˫ʣԲͦòʸ߹߸ϵŮ㣬ֱϢ
裿ô
ҶһƾܾҲһסģܵԼĹѾﵽصʵ
ŮˡȻôǿ
ѵ˵һֱʵ
ӨӨСŮüߣȴʹɱ֣ӶŹ㻹𣿼ֱ
ҵ˭أԭûõĻƿҶЦ˵߾͸ߵľʹʹˣֻ˵ߴˡҪóҵûֺˡ
쵰ֱ޷ܣȻҪĥ죿ƴˣ
ӨӨŭˣ
˫ȭһգԪţ
һͷŭޣ벻һȥ
ӨӨס֣
ӨӨһۣɫ΢΢԰ףѩ׶ͷˮǳӡ
㣬㡭
ҡҡͷʹ࣬ߣ
ˣһʰɣ
ӨӨݺݵĵҶһۣ㻹ܵãŴСŮ뿪
Ҷþɲ
ǻӨӨոһ˲䱬ԪȻ˿п
ܣ
һǴ
һǿˣ
赲һУɫ̫ԾҲǿ֮ĩɣ
ӨӨôǿʮѣϴΪʲôμӴҶô룬Ҳͷˣ
ʱвŷǳ߹һ֣Ҷʤ
Ҷһ뿪̨
Ҷ۾ȽԶĹϵûпϸڣӵı֣飬ֹϣǳ⣡
ҶһӶ壬Ҫɱˡ
Ҷ۶Ů٣ΨҶԸ
үʵҶԱߣЦǺǵ˵һĪˡ
Ҷ۵ͷ˵ϵʵҲ˿ȺżҵǸŷҲ򵥣˭ʤĿǰԶԡ
Ц
ʵҶóҶҳҶżҵĴүŷ磬۷ʵھȻвھ˭Ŀǰ˵
Ҷ˫۾һ˿âĿ⻺̨֮ϡ
øպ߹ȥ
ӨӨס㣺ľɼַ𣿡
εĵͷʵһֱãӨӨ֪ģëһֱûơ
ӨӨ˵´ζ
˵
̨һֵڶƸֶԳ죡
۾һ
ڵ
̨ϣƸһǳ죬˵䣡
ϳǻƼһոС壬ҶǿƺͰԵҶ֮ǰ˵ĻƸһٸҲҶҰ
ɣ
ϵùˣ
ƸֺݺݵɳһۣĿгʺԹޣã
Ϊ죬Լʵܽ׺üֵġ
䣡
䣡
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СһжûĪȫͨЦҡҡͷս֮Ҳͦãóˡ
׷ԲԵСߵս̨
С֮˱̭󲿷ֻ֣ʣʮ˱еһ
˶ʤֵĸ֣߱صʵֳʵֻгǵرע
ǲ
һʲô
ΪʲôĶֶͶˣ
һ⣬һ
ų򣡼ֱųб¾͹Ĵ֣ܶ
ڷ׷׿һİһûеˣһʵ¶˲սֱףǻ¸ˣ
̨
ų򣡿ɣ
ҪôҪôҪⳡᣡ
ͷʲôǼҳ˧ⲻСļˣҲǹ
ʱϹ㡢ܱҶۡ塢ƵȵȴȫƼݵ̨ԡǰԤȣ޳һЩ߰ˣڲŴ
λſǣϹվȽһͨ͵ٻż˵ϳǵĽҲϳǵδܸֽıԣر֤ƽϣǺúñ֣ӮӦеĳɼ
ǣ
Ӧ
Ϲԭλ̲סһۣʮʣ˭֪ǸСûгֲ֣սѲף
ڲԶطһˣ洺⣬ݹʮ꣬ϹĻ̹ЦԲӣ˲򵥰
Ϲʮֲ죺Īʶ
帧ӣȴҲ˵ֻǺǺǵֹʶ
Ͻܱˮ̻ĸ𣬾Сһƶģ
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Ҷۡɫһˡ
Ϲˣȷʵ֣˵ҶҵĲᡣϹ㲻봥ҶùͷǰӶɲǣҲûˡ
࿴һۣҲûô⣬䵭˵ССͣǹƣȻһıҴֽţѳɴҽֱȡĲʸ񣬷ϵΪͽ䣡
巴춼ûг֣żô֪У
첻м˵ϳţĬĬ
嵭һЦŲһҪĿԴɡ
Ϲͷûκξ
ʲô̴ӣƶȥˣ
һ̴ӻش˵һûСˡ
ߣᶼμӣԽԽˣ
ܱҲһ㿴𣿡
ҡҡͷ˵ְ
ܱ¶Ź֮ɫܵܵԸĺܣÿֵĵطٲһѵʲô飬ϳǷ⣿
иһҶ䣡
˾һ
սʤעһγԵҶ䣬ҶҶõܣҲһܳš
ǲսɣ
ǿҶ˰
ҶƿҶø磬ҲҲҪСӰɣҶˣս²̫ס
ҶҲǣҶôܲսأԸ˵ðɣʹ֣䡣
Ҷ۾һãһΣøٺݺһΣһԶ̧ͷΪϳǵһЦ
Ѿ̨
ҶһԾƮϣЦݣһҶøɻصѧˣ
һǷ˵ϻ࣬׼ҪͿ㣬Ҫ˷Ѵ磡
ȷʵ׼Ӯ㣬ұһ˽һ㡣øֱ˵ҪҲûҪģ˵𣿡
˵֮䣬ҶһʮֻƳϣԼǿƣóսͿ־壬
ʼնһ̩Ȼģأ
Ҷһһٵ˵Ҫˣһ˫ӡ
ĬĬͷ˺ܹƽҪʲôҾҪʲôӦҪĶ̫ࡣ
ߣԲѣҶ䱻̬ȳ׼ŭһѵһû𣿼ȻˣǾ÷ϻ֪ߵغˣЩ̫ˣûһк³ѡҶԵһ̣˾Ѿע۰ɣ
̫࣡
첻ͷˣԪȻͷţһţϮϡȭ
飡
ҶӰӶûһȭ磬ȻХݺݻ
꣡
Ƕʱѣ
Ҷ䱻ڿմɵ˲䣬ץסֽʹһŤһֹǳ׶ѣŤ黨״

Ҷҽ
Ѿ׷ϵ
һ۷Ϊˣһ㻹֮ûУԼո˵Ļ޴֮
ϳ˫ֱ֣Լ
찴סҶұۣҸ˵ҺܹƽҪҵ˫֣ҲҪ࣬ҲֻҪ˫֡
סְ
䣡
꣡
꣡
ëȻĶУҶұ۶ϵòˡ
콫߸̧һȥҶʮԶصˤֱ̨Ӿ˹ȥ
죡
̫ˣ
ɾ䣬һƬȻ
ǰһ̻ੲ˵ӵĹ̨£˫۱۶ϺüѾϵˣǿҵķ˶ȵĵɴ۾

ԭһݰһмˢأ


33 
дҶ۲¶ŭ֮ɫһɿֲͷųҶѾ䣬ȴȻ̰Ե˫ۣ˹Ȼ̤򣬲ˡӵ
ƸϽ˵ҽȡʸ񣬽ҶҴã
ܱͻȻЦûûͬ⣡й涨һһͲٶˣȡʸ񡣡
۾һɾҪվܱ㡭
ֲܱһ˵֪Сʱ򣬺ų½ҲѾˣҶȴһƽСԣҽȡʸ֮ǰȰҶʸҲȡˣŹƽ
Ҷ۱ʱ
ʯͷԼĽţ
ʱ򿪿˵ҶԴǾȡΪΣ
һҶۡơ
һܱ塣
Ϲͷˣڰ˵ˣˣƽˣҪ
Ҷֻ
һٶҶңֵ˵棬һҶҽܳӵܱ˲ܣҶÿҪˡ
ҶҲ֣챬ԪǿȣҲңΪ۷Ҷ֡
ˣƽˣ
ҶȻΪֻ裡
ʤ
Ϲֶ֮࿴һۣϹĸоƺʵСӲ򵥰
ڶغϿʼŷ񽣣
һţԼ۷Ϊʵ͸ոձܵҶࡣŷǶżҴүЦĶ֣һн㶼ˮ
ʼ
ȻͻϮɱֿʨʳÿһȳԪ汻̤һƬѺۣ·ڼԪ֮£žž
ʮʨȭ
һʮְԵȭ
ʮ֮ڣÿһͻһ֣ʮȫ̤꣬۷壬ʱܷӳԽɱ˵Ŀֲս
֪ŷǿһ־ȫԸһЪ˹˫ȭӳʱƿͬʨŭأȭǿҵƣ˲˶ŷ磬ȫȫ·
ŷûǰ֣ʮǹһ˿Ц
̫
Ȼ̤ȭֱȥɽĺظУȭûеȭȵִԪӿ֮䣬Ȼγһ˿⡣
ȭ
ȭͻʨݺݵػţԴݿ֮ƣ񽣴̨Եٶ֮죬ȭ֮ͣ̾Ϊֹ
飡
ڵ·ƬڰƮ
˥ڵصʱѾ׻Թȥ
ŷʤ
һн
˶þηĿ⿴Ŷŷ磡
һʮʹﵽ۷壬ǰ;ǲģδпͻƵѾ磬ӶΪһһĶǿߣ
ǶżܳӵܣҶҲ˿
˻ƶȭ˭ǿأ
ڵļȼˣѾȲҪⳡ۷Ծˡ

غϡԭ
ҩʦ᳤Ƶӣʮδʵǿޱȣһ׿ȷɨĿǰΪֹûһ֧ӣ
ԭϳܼҵһӵܣܼǾңݵλĸߣϳܼûг̫ž֮ˣԭʵܲǺȴǲ˲١
Ҫ֪ҩʦǷǳģ
ƷǳӣС鵤ҩѧʦСС;˾˵ʵ
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ÿ죡ǿ
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ŷȭ񱩸ͣ
ȷ磡
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Ԥھ֮в⼸ûģǶôΪ
ܱԼӵܱһ㻹֮ûУɫҲѸٺʤ⣬ԭȷʵˣҲûоʤ
ּԹȥ
ЩսҲǳңðţЩսȱԣֻԵйоء
ϹóµĶս۾һ˿֮ɫһغϣƶԳ죡
Цһ
ⳡӮˣ
һЦ˵ŷ硢ƣżλţǿϲɺذ
¶һ˿֮ɫ
ŷ硢һֵܡ
ŷʵǿﵽ۷壬΢һ㣬ȴҲ߱ˮƽԸһ죬ӦǴ´ˡ
ƶԸ˵磬Ҫˡ
ȥɣҪ顣ŷ˵ҪҶӣǶżҿɲҪɵƯ㣬ΪǶżҳ
ǣ磡
ʲô
һûСɫղŽҶַҲң
ּһܰҶǳҶȴ޿κΣǱЦսҶΪͷ۵ļһɣ
йоص̨
һڽţһֻ㣬ƮȻ̨֮ϣӯˣƮݵĲȺһȲʡ
ĿĸоöƸеǳܡ
죬ΪֹɣһĿ⿴ų죺ҲҶǷܱȵģҵĶ֡Ҳöˣ£ԼȥԸ
һζĿ΢΢һЦ˵ʮУ
һ㶣ΪʮаɣЦһо㣡
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ʮУ
۾
˶ˣ
Ҷڴ˿Ҷ̫еµģҶʵƱȣȫ֮
ԲҪ۾öʮУ
ʹ½ǣҲ䣿
עĿţҲ˵˵ɣ
ɫ࣬Ŀɿżҵվȵˣʲô̽սҪһ˷̫ʱ䣡

ˡ
ƲҵצԪͷţȻһȥ
֣һż񶾵һ־˺УȻҪһƵУӶ״ƳЦ衣
˵һǣ컹۾
צϮ˲䣬첻Ųæһ΢֮ɱܿ½Ƕû
ʲô
ô£
ûд򵽳죬ԼһĲһʱǵͨ죬¶ű顣
ɶ񣡡
ҾͲˣ
վһϮȥͺ͸ոһԿƷǳΣʵʣǳݵķʽ㿪ˡ
ѵѹ
Ʊŭ֮ʩһ׿ȭȭӰӣ籩ϮȥͲų컹ܶ㿪
ûһ˿ද
ûһδжϡ
һֻŵĺݴڲĴСƶȣɵ̬㿪һִι
ǶĿˡ
赸еˣֱ
Ǻţϻ顣
첻ʹóʵȴһصĶֺް취
΢
΢֮
Ϲ㡢Ҷۡ˶վ
ÿһ˶¶֮ɫ⡰΢֮Ϊ磬ְһľ磬һ־εľ硣
һʿû΢İ塣
һôܾ߱
̫˼飬̫ˣ


34 սָ
Ϊʲô½кܶԽս
ΪԪΪĻ֮ϣЩ֮п츳пѧװƣһԭǡų֮
΢Ϊ΢
й٣ϣͬӶ߱˼޵ľƿ
һ׵Ĳһװÿһ˿ǿÿһ˿仯ÿһ˿¶ȸı䣬ȫĲ׽ÿһëÿһ仯ȫƿء
Ǵ˵еġ΢֮
һ΢ˣսɵյ˵ĹͼҩƷ̶ܼȵ߳ɹʣͨ顣
ϳĴǣûա΢ˣ
һȴˣǺεȵķ˼ǵȥǸĿ꣡
öʮУſ񣬶ţ
ûô飬ӲͷƤ͹£һԷ׶㿪ķѾҡ
ʮѹ
ˣ
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һѰѼ⵶ֱڣϾöֱ۶ʧȥ̱һ
ָһɵɫԼٶȣڶϣÿһָһ⵶ָ
սָ
һָһ
˵Ҳǻѧ
Ƿǳݶ
˲Ϣ֮䣬ƻʧȥһƹȥһֽ㣬Ʈˤڵϡ

Ҳţⲻܣ
ŭվһתԪȴ֣ѣ˿һ˿һԪòڲҪ˵սˣоվվȣ
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ȫûиоԹԵʢʱһ
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ڳϢ
ȴĿ
Ҷ˫߰㶢ų죺û뵽ܽ˵㻰׼һͷ׼𣿡
ٺһЦҹͷӲúܣƾ󲻶ϡ
ŷ߹˫ɽһ˿â죬ҵܵܣҵļ壬żҽ³Թ븶ʹĴۣˣ
һ£Ǽһܵܣ
ûƾҵܵܡŷ˫ֻǰΪѾ嵽죬һǿƵĿ˵ҸһᣡżңΪżЧոʩչѧгΪԼΪһԭ㡣
ŷ˵ֿһҶھϱ㡣ϣ֪֮ƾʵμӾĿܡҪֻҵı
Ҷʮֲãŷ磬δҲ̫ˡ
Сֱɱ˾ǣ˵ôʲô
Գʣ
ô΢İ壬۽ʤΣעʣСͱүүɱһŷǳǿҵԽУһ֪ðСӣڷͷϸǹԼ
ɱ
һҪɱ
ҶŷôģѾ׼
ϳǾֵڶϹƣ
һԼĴڣ
ǾԲģ
ܽܣ
̥ļһӵɴ׸ҲԼＸء
ʲôû˵̱Ŀ񣬰㲻ϡ


35 ˳
Ӻ󣬾ʼ
ľսǻսģʽѶȣʵʱƺӦ
ôڴѾõľҪˡһевͬ
ȫһƬʺţ
ôĹô
һλϤμӵλ֮УΪµıҲǶλһ飡
˶ʱɽ
˼
ĸʤͼҪһˣɴӱı
˸һھϳ߳ţѧԺһʱھԺѧԱУ328ꡪ𣡡
һ˿ܣ
ϽĹھϹƣϽĹھ
һϽõھӴ˾ȥݣһֱûѶȴû뵽ڻˡ
ಣ
һɫӰʮ׸߶ȣֱ̨룬صĻҳ
𣡡
𣡡
𣡡
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38 Ʒķ
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ϳǴСﶼ⣬ϳǵľưƻԻͣϳǼҼһõգǿлöôȤ漣̻Ŀ͡ڣȫǣ
ȫǣ
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½ȶǾʯƣʯƵļ۸䰺ÿĶһʴ֣Ǵ󸻴߾ʹãƾʲô˵ȫֻ
ʱժһŷĵݣ߸ģڣҪΪ¡ؽܣ漣̻ὫҪƷƣ
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ʯ۸䰺Ϊ̺ǿ˺Ĺ䣬ʯƷʲʱʹ֮£пܾͻᱬըˡ
Զ͵ơӷ㣬۸ǾʯƵİٷ֮һֶҪһܵгĿ׷ġ
ּ˵ҹⲻʹƶߣĿǰƶҪԵѡƾΪеóӶڽҰ̽ʱҪʹûѺƾߡȻԶ׼ǣЩƶ߶źܴȱݡ
ѡԼչϹϡ֮ƣЩ豸ȱʮԡϨ߷ɢУӶӰΧҰħޣԼΣգ
Ǽһ֣Я㣬ΧԶȶǿԿأ磬۸˵ƶߣȡͳƶߡ
ҵĺѾֵˡ
ûӣ֣һ̻ԱһֻɫԲͲ͵С
ɫԲͲʮ׳űĽָպܹ¡
ԲͲģ漣̻ᶨƵһƾߣҲǼ۵ҪƷ֮һǽΪԪֵ硯
˵ţԪУԪâԲͲǰαǿҵĹâһǰɨ
ֵͲͨԪâǿԪǿȿƣ磬ʮַ㡣Ԥװ㷺õӶӵУΪӶ;ҹʱҪսװΪǴ֣ɽ̽գҹ·󶴿ɣṩ޴İ
ö
ܱվغ
Ҷһǧֵֻ磡
Ҷֵֻ磡
Ҫֻ

漣̻㣬ĿǰΨһһֵֻ磬ȥӦǧĶǮʱ׬ˣ
漣̻ĵƾߣзУԪֵ⣬ǻƳáõĵƾߡּ̨ơ·֮ĸƾߣȻ˵µײܿԤ漣̻ƸȤʱע漣̻ᷢϢ
Ǹеܲѡ
ȫеǳˡ
ΪϷϣ˷ƷƲҩûгֹôϡĶ
Ϲ̸оƵǰ½طʱûһȶ۵ܱȵùƣһͶڳ裬ռǳľ޴
ǼǰĶ
ΪʱϵڵƽܵΪֹҪ˽࣬ӭǰ漣̻ѯǽҪһͬʷ壬ܳ׸ıǵǵǡԪ
Ԫ
ѵǡ
Ϲ۾̨Ůӡ
һɰ崿ʮңһԸС𣬴ʮңⲻӨӨϹ
ӨӨϹƶżˣ
ӨӨͲ˵ˣһûˣͬʱˣ·㲻ˡϹƱƽ֣첻µزµӣֳϣоһϰ£һ
ºһЦ漣λ᳤̸һ̸漣Ԫðɣ
ӨӨ̿ˮڱԼͽֶôɫԼɲܵӣҧվ
žžž
ȫһƬ׶
ӨӨŵιȥһѻףһȫˣ֧֧˵һ䣺ǸǸԪԪóԵģŴҲʧġ
ϹƸϽ˵ԣԣ׼ܶóԵģٶҲû˵ھƷ
˴۵Сۡ
˵ˣ
ȫûнܰ
ϹƸϽӻ֣̻ԱӣĻ߳ÿɫﶼװ飬ʱ᳡һζ
ۣħ⣡
ܲٳһ飿
ûԹôóԵħ⣡

ӨӨϹƼҷӳ̻һЦʱƽϢ٣Ҳһ㡣
ϹƵӱϾȽϴ󣬵ʳܵҵĻӭ̾ͱı
ϰһֱң
˶һֻƻħŮ
κòףóһɣ
һҪúñ֣ڱ˰ҿˣرǿɶϰ֣
ͬϹվܵԪһͨԪħ淢򵥣ʮַ㣬һħҩĶΪļȡ룬⽫ǶԴ½ҵһθԵĴ£
Ϲ˼·ԽԽ˳ϲԪܽһ飺ֿܳħӪṩʳ飬ҪǣְȫԪһܸıǵ漣̻ΰ
ҪڰڵȫǣҪ
ϹҪ߸½Ĳϰߣ
漣̻ᣬǴǰ
ӨӨϽ첹ע⣬ϵһԪ⿲Ҫҵˣζӭǰعˣ
ǺҪġ
ڴı֣ټ漣̻䶯
ơԪĳɹ԰漣̻Ϸ˼⣬ŵȵҵһ죬һᱬģ


39 
漣̻Ʒ
ôɾʹشˣ
վڿĻ᳡ϣĿŲæ˵ɻƷʺЧʣҲԴһǿĴ̻ᣬ漣̻ȴڴˣǻиߵ׷룡
ǳԵغϿĺԿܵĳԣԾС
漣̻ᣬһԴٽǿʢǿΪҵθߣɴ࣬б˻һ󣺡ϣԼŬƬ࣬ƬԻͣǵʷΰϣһʷԶǵ̻ᣡ
˻
ȫһƬ̾
һŮ˵ֻεȵĴǰ
壬Ǵ½Ψһ壬һǿ壬ôҲһǿ壬˿ǧڲֹ彮ޱߣ۹岼
⣬Ĺһ˿ڵСѡ
ߣһ򶼲мСط
һСµһݿ׼ȷ˵ݿµһСеһС̻ᣬȻҪǿʢΪĿ꣬δҲ̫뻯ˣ
Լչ̡
ⶼǼһ̵ģţƤ϶ǴˣȻţ˰ҲǾﴵɡһ̻ոճرҪעȣﲻݣںź㣬ûдģ
ҲǼȻԼݣȴ޼飬漣̻Ϊ漣漣̻Ϊ漣̻ΪһССڵССɼֻǿʼ
žžž
ֳһƬ
պеĲ̻࣬ص⣺̻һ漣޽ϵ̻֮һȫеҩз۹ҹ֤̻ͬȫòɣ
Ʒҩ׬Ǯҵ֮һ
Ϊǳ׬ǮԾӣССϳǾмʮ̻ᣬгͷʧȥ̻᲻Ծͷֱծۣ䵽ƨɵĵزô
һҪյ̻õѵúܵ
漣̻Ϊҷµķҩзɹ΢ÿһĶ̻ϯƷ壬̻ϯҩͣ
һ仰ڳˣ
塢ͣλϳƷҩһˮƽѾȻ̻ᡣ
˭˵̻Ҫˣ
˭˵̻ľͿƨɣ
ûһǰ;޵ĸ̻ţƾˣ֧һϳһҩƷҵ
ŶٷͼŶҩ䷽
Ϊʦ᳤֮㣿ҩʦ᳤ϣͬʱҩгĻϰ֮һԴֺ֮ࣿ
ǿǿ֮£˵̻е̣һ㱼̻ᣬҲһΪϳǿƵĴڣ
建ϻ᳡
λǴһϯػɫۣ˿ȥɸݡ㲵ߣ컻Ϸǳʽĳۣ⣬壬Ἰʮһ
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˼ػϳǵλߣ˵ż
¶һº΢Ц˫ְڵȺƽȥ֮΢˻Ƶ˵Ȼͳ
ȣվ⣬Ҫл漣̻ᣬʽ᳤ܻĹգһûõϹͷܹվӽеһáðͷӣһȫ»ͷչлл漣̻ᣬлл᳤ܻ£
ͻȻعͷ֣ضԳ켸˾һ
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˵˵ʵѾˣϵʱδʲôһһᾡౡ֮Ϊ漣̻שߣ֮ѧΪһ˿ף
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˼ңѧ߷緶̫ǫѷˡ
һλʦԱԼ̧̻ᣬһ챨ֽͷˡ
ʱʦĳԱһž޴ޱȵľϻ᳡˵棬ѾչһӶ־ͼֽĳǰ
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Ϲ㡢ܱ۾ֱˣ
һͷƣ漣̻Э֮ɶ壬1ʯƤ̻Ȩۡ⽫Χڣʮ1֮һ
ʯƤķʮּ򵥣ûκθãƤӲʯӶɵֿգնԶ̱˺
һʵԼߵķűȻڷгռһϯ֮أ

忪ʼӣѧԡʵԣͬǶȽʯƤ޲п𾪣
⻹ɶ칤ƣЧͼǰ꣡
̻ûܵƴѹԭ֮һȻҪԭǷƷ̫ʱˣ
һָ»ܿĶ
ͬһͣͬһַÿܶ¸汾µĸ汾֣ζžɰ汾г̭
̻ûķʦû㹻ʽͼٸĽľйоأɫȱ
ڲһˣ
ʯƤ̻еģʱ̻꣬޷ģ£Ըϳ
ζ̻ӵһȭͷƷ׸ı䱻ľ棬ӵж̻֮Ķ֣չͷʸ
巢ͷƷ
߳λѣλ񣬴Һãҩʦͣʱ̻ϯҩʡ
ȻȲ塣
Ǳǿʮ꣬Ѿҩȡ÷ǳ˳ɼʵҲǼǿģʱգǰ;
һˣ̫˵ͺӰصڻ᳡ֻ˵һ䣬漣̻һΰļţѡ漣̻ᣬһûǸʸ漣̻ѡңΪˣҼңҲоѹΪҵԳеҫ
ܱһ졣
һʲôʱҲôǫˣⲻܰ
ܱԼĵܻܵ˽һԸҩͰ࣬ΪΪ԰ֻӦó죡
ͼϻͲ˵ˣ̻͵ҩ̻Ὣ͵ҩֱǳ
ɶõľȼҩ
󺱼ֵҩ
ûóҩͷҪΪϳǵƶ񤣬ƷϺҩϸҲ֪ʲôʲôҩ
ҪԭǣҩҵγɷǳгѾҹϷִˡ
̻ͻһ߱˵ĵ⣡
ν˲·ɱ˸ĸ̻ʵǿ֮ǰֵ̫ۣڲ̻·ǺɾͲ˵ˣӼ˻ҧأ˵ЩϺ꣡
ȷƷֲܴ̻ڰƵ·
漣̻վȽŸһʳһ͸ˮܵķʽ߽̻ĵֿǻعʱ򣬾Ѿ̫ˣ
ҵ죡𣿡
ڲķҲͨʿ
ĸô΢ӶűҪһ

̻ᷢĲƷͬڷ䶯Ϸ漣̻ĶϷˣ
һ𺳡
һظ߳
Χ϶塣
˭ûע⵽ĳһǱһˡ
ɫӽʵʵĶñסҶ۱ˣ
Ҷ۱˻ᣬʵ͵͵αװ̽飡
һ֮£ľ
漣̻Ĵڣв̻λвӶţҶҵĵλ
ı£Ҷһţó˳ᢣóڲŲ㣬ܷơԪ˵ҩˡ
ѵҲǳ죿
ԽԽ͸ˣ
ҶĿڴĶǣżΣյĹâת˲ͷ¶ɱʲô취֮Ҫ
Ϲһܰµļһֱ֣²ס
һ˲ƾðġҶ۳˼Ƭ̣Ըˣø鱨ţȫˣҪ֪ȷʲôˣסڣһҲ
ǣ
漣̻ķѾˡ
ҶҲûȤٿȥֻһɫıӰϢ߽ڰȡ


40 
ҹμڵƻͨʢƼȡ
ҸɵƯ
Ϊ̻ᣡ
ɱ
졢衢ӨӨϹơס壬ŮٽԾٱ죡
Уһ࣬һѧߣǲмҵʻȾͭԼ
һȴԥ̻ᡣ
Ϊʲô
Ǳ֮
ԭ򣬵Ҫԭ
۹⼫׼Ѿ֣һЩڲͬĶһֱһֻ롢һ־һƫִ֮£һ׿Խǰ飬Ը֮£һǻ۵ꡣ
漣޽һ̣עһʱŵĶ롢־黳
쾿ʲô̬أ
Ҿ޽־ܹߵöԶأ
ڴ
ʮ꣬Ѿӵĺɫ֮꣬ȴûиоԼô漣̻Σؾ棬ҲҪʱ̣
һˣ½źϡ
ἸۣճɹĵһȫĹ͡ԶԳ쾴һƣҴкϻˣȾһ
С̫ˣô˵һ὾ġֺǺ˵ʵȫҵĹͣռŵųɰɡ
˹Ц
һǲ֪ǫΪ
ӨӨһںƣֻﶢų죬Ҳһ˿Ц⣺һǻһ㡢Դһ㣬һ㣬ߣûʲô¡ֻҪߣͺаȫأ
ƹѲ˹ζ˷ǳˡ
ûƾԣͷ˵λ̻˳Ȼֵףǵһǻܴ⡣棬Ҿ΢̸һ̸ؽļ⡣
һƵĹδơ
ڶڳﱸУҪھ쿪ҵ
̻ṹɢңϵ㣬µߣȱȴǮȱϣûвȱģҪþ̵ܶʱ佫

һ
侲
̻ᱡĻ豸裬޷γ㹻ǿߣȱǮ˵鷳ȱˡвˣеܹεˡ
첻ΪѣһڳԲɴӣ̻𲽳ڣ㵽Щֻʱ⣬ǳ¡
ʣʲôѴ𣿡
ǲƷˡü΢΢ԪԪÿԪάֵʹһСʱҡϳ˿棬ֻжʮӵԪʿζͨ˻޷ʹõơ
ʶһ㣬óеͦġ
ӨӨһ̾С֡
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ңҡһ뷨ӨӨС΢죬еȭͷֳһ۳죬Ͱ͵˵ǾͿԿվȥƸʿΪͨ˵ĵƳܣܽˡ
׸ϽӦʦ˵ĶԣҲշѣ׬һǮ̻ôȱǮʧΪһð취
ҡҡͷͬ
شԭ򣺡ǵƵۡ㡢ȫʵãôͷʧȥĵƣʵڡ
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찲οСѾͷһ䣺뷨ʵǺܺõģֻõϣ˼·Ͳ̫ȷˡ
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˵ˣ׼зһܳʹöֲĹԴ߿̫ܳ編ܽԴ⡣
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治֪
ԭôһҪ壿
˵Ҳʲô£찲İˡ
Ҹ㣬ǼһĺܣҪСĵ㡣ϹƶԳ첻̫ģмǣκκô磬ԽǿԽ˵̱ˣʲôͶ֮飬һŰ߿Ϲ˭Ǯ
ϹСȻ뺷ޱȣ컰סˡ
վ˵ʱ䲻磬쵽ΪֹúûȥϢɣ
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ʷԹ˵һβ԰׵Ƕ߶ԣȴһѪеĸܵˡ
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衢ӨӨϹƵȵȣһʻӰǧ֮˭֪Ǵڹߣݺ£һҲһСС˻ˡ
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󣬴½ѧ߾ΪĿǰյ֪ʶǻۣѾ޷ս½Ĵ߳죬ǡþǼɵһԱ
Ϊ⣬ûٸǰʳŲͷӴ̣
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ûǮûԴ
һ֪ʶʲôã
ó
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Ŀǰչ¶ǰ֮һѾҶע⣬ıѳƣԶգɻֵʹá
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оԪһۺԳ㣬һԾСԺʼչǣһȭ
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御ݹȪһƣСطţõȫ½ȥƨǡ
ҶҡżңرҶۣǲŹġ
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ѪɽԸƣܲÿγžֺ°ɣ
ףȱǮ
첻ԴУԱ뾡׬ǮռԴΪȥ뵽˵ֻҪһ˿Ԫ֮ͨһʿͶԸˡ
վҹζడ
ڳɳԿҶ֮ǰʱٱɵΣգ塢ܱϹıرϹ㣬ϳǸǺôһְ֮λȨġ
ҲǳΪʲôҪڷչ֡ۡԭϹ֮һϹ㲻ܿۡۡͲܲӳ졣
κӶ޶ȵģ
Ҷʱǲ֣һ֣ȻаϹ֪Ѷˡ
ϹΪ³죬Ը⸶ٴۣǺ˵ġϳΨһΪ漣̻ᱣݻˣ漣̻Ҫƽ𲽣ֻһ취취սϡ
óŮϹĳЩ˵ǳĿġ
ʲôᶨԼġ
δʲô޷˵վӣ
ʱ䣬ˡ
ֹͣ˼취еģȥһϹɣ


41 ͱ
峿һݵͭţſڣһףͷվſӭӳš
ɳɻӡ
⵹൱߰
̷䣬ϵڳԽӼúֺͣóͼԡ
ȻҲѱûаع̥
һССܵӣۿһ顣
һĲţϵɽܿۻض͹ϴ裬һֵ֣Ҳ
ˬݵĸߴ޳ڰ໤Ļеִǽ
Ϲ߹᳤ˣ
ƺɫͦϵһɫĿ磬ͷϴһ׺Ű޵ñһŶ㣬Щӵ¶ʡ
óõˡ
ߵ׸ߵӴͭţӲʯƤ޵
ǳݶһͷͭţս൱߰صʿɣǸħ޶еһȣ
ϹĿһ΢Ц˵˳ǣͭţרҵѱԷ˵ǿᣬսףܻϳǵ棬Žǰʮ
Ǵĳ
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42 ճ

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43 ˵
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44 Ԫ

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ˣһ˳ֵһ˳ֽվڻǰţӢͦòһпܡ
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ŵܲҪԷƱ浶ҲԽԽϬˣҲ㶼мܲסˡ
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47 ݳ
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˵ܱһת˭֪漣ϹҵĹɷݣܼҵĹɷ̻ᣬڰ漣ô̻ỹǰɲף


49 𱬵
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50 ǹⲻ
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ˣ
ӨӨһСܻ
ѾǰһǧǲݣһҩҺװˮͰҺ壬ɢ֮ڿֱӿʼˡ
ӨӨҩҺǸβҩˮΪʲôô࣡
ȱô࣬ǿʼɣҪʩչѨ
ӨӨϽ˵Ȼرˡ
㲻ߣȸһڲ
Ҫڲʲô
һ˵Ҫ۾
ӨӨӵӨӨ鲻࣬ҲҪƭң۾ô룿˵룬βɱѽҾһ㣬ҽѽ
ôάԼǹһ˿ů΢ЦӨӨ𼤶죬ֱˣô鷳ġ
УУǺģ÷벻ɣұ۾
ˣӨӨ˵ΪʲôҪ۷أһѽô죡УҲͬ⣡
ѾͷƨֱӨӨԴһá
ӨӨͷ飺أң
ѵѨȫ㣬˵ž⡣룬飬ۣҿľ⡣
˶סˡ
ĭɽ˵һǽԺԴΪҪЮȢô죿뺦ңޣҲŲ
ݣǵͨ졣
쵰ˣֱڲԣ
ߺ֧֧˵Ѳ𣿡
ͷѣ
һ˿ɫܷ룿
е㲻ˣŲң
ҵȻ㣬ֻǡߵ˵Դظˣʵڡҡ
һǾͿ㣬Ͻѹ⣬Ҹʱ䣡
Щ߷߲ƽ
һǳͳׯŮˡ
һǰѵþ⣬ǻһɱأ
һŮ˵һǳѡ񣬿һȿˮһ򵥡
ѨһҪ·
˭֪ǲǹˣң
ΣԼԥӣͻȻһᣬðɣѾˡ
ӨӨ㣬Ҫ
Ϲ˵˭ҪӨӨһۣɬĿ֣Ͻһڲ۾ɺˡ
ӨӨֻڲ
š
ӨӨվڱ󣬺ݺݲһһ㣬ΪܽСѾͷɢϢоңĶȺܴǰͦ˫壬ż䵽󱳣óһʲô
ӨӨֹģ
͸Ҫ˵ˡ
ֻϧû۸ѽ
Σһ̹ӣһȢҪ֤ʲôûʲôû
Ρ
޸ˣ
Ƥ޳֮ͽȢһأ
ӨӨֱҧҧֺݺһգ޲ýԴնϣȻһᣡ


51 
һ޹˵ʼѰɣ
ӨӨԽһ񣺡ģһᶢģ
촽ǵϼһ˫ˮģһ˴ˮֱܰ˽Ƕȥ

ѾѰɣ
İæβ۾Ҳϣô飬δ˵ȥˡ
Ž⿪·ɫɴһƮڵء
һ˫޳ԲĽȣ鱥ĻԲΣϸһգŮ˶ԱʥŮ壬ǰȻͦ
һͷںڱֱ⿪ٲɢ
ӣĲɷ
ӨӨˡ
ðף
˼أ
һ˿ңվţˮƽһׯһݽģһȫŵĵ޶ףױȡ
ӨӨιѾѹˣô춯֣
һ˻ϼ˫աһһڡ
˭ϣ˵һ䣺֪
һֻסؿڣô֪㿴ü
ǿЦ⣺۾סˣûסҿô
ԭˡ
컺վ׼Ҫʼˣ
ؿڣֻϧǲλ̫ˣ⿿˫޷סȫ⣬ɫһЩţǻɬѿֶԷѨеš
С󣬺һˣ
У찵ܹκ
һϰ£ڴһ㡣
һ
ۡ
ɲǼ䣬Ѩȫ춴Ϥˡ
üͷС㣬첲ǰ棬ô밡ÿ
Ŷհÿһ룬ͻȻŵ˻ȥۺᣬſǻ㡭㻹˵
ӨӨһͷŭޣ۸㣡Ҹƴ
ȵȣ𼤶𼤶첻СĵͰҩæн˵ۿ϶ǿˣһӹɵģõۣǶô
Ů
˵˵ǰֻһѪ⡢ԪĻҵ۳˶ãҪǲϣûˡ
ҧҧ촽ذ˫Ų
Ͷ
ָʹվֱ壡
ȿ£ͦߵ㡣
ԣƨɾ
޵㹻ûУ
ˣˣ״ҪҶ
ӨӨ
ӨӨҵСУ˫ֳϣһСͽţΪؼʱˡ
ѨһŴ˵еļɣ;ĪѶȣ۾״£
ɲģ
ǳһ㡢һ㣬ƫһ㡭ǻġ
⾭ѨλǳӣҪôǿƿѨ
룡
Ѩ
ӨӨûѾˡ
һɫâһϸϸ룬ؿڵλã̽üף淺Ԫâڲͣ
һ
һ΢΢ĸоȴʹ΢̼
֪Լ޷ڿģ˱ӿٶˡ
ʮ
һһдݿڴȸԼвλ
ţ
̲ס߳ͺУһһ̼һЩƵķӦϽн˫ȣøˡ
ӨӨսȭͷǳŶԳ˵ι㿴㣬伱ˣӿʼˣȶе㷢أ°ɣ
Ѿͷ
ˣ
æ˵ҡû£
Ȼеת
Ͻתּʮֱۡ򡢺󱳣βȣȫԪâˡ
ÿֲ
ôϣ
ӨӨ˫۴һ£
£
÷ǳƣ޷ʱʹۣôһСѾǼˡ
ȱ𶯣
һӺԪ˳뾭󣬼ɰε룬ȻͰʼһơ
һӹȥˣ붼ٷˡ
˵Ԫע
ӨӨϽεˮͰҩҺ̽ȫһƢУʱ塣
ֻ߹
˫ֻסǰֻĿţʶվʲô
Ҷ

һ˫ůƣðסԼ˫磬ˮͰڡ
һÿγˮˣô뿴ų죬ϣ֮ɫһϢеһЩԳ
СƤ滬
ֱһ㣡
֣һ˵ҪԪˣ㰴ոսĿھʼвҪġҸոѾ÷Ѩͨľǳ֮޸ȱݡ
ϸ˵֪ˣ
һˮͰϣԪʱâҩҺ̼λùͷŶۼȥ
ӨӨˡ
Ҳ̫ˣ
ʽҲ̫Źˣ
Ȼ˷ͰԪ
¶һ˿ƣ֮ɫӨӨǳȥСҪܵ
뿪˷䡣
賤һһײ࣬ȴǾþ޷ƽϢ
һ
֪۸ң
¶һ޺ޱ飬ȴСŮ˵̬ƽŮǿ˵ģȻ෴
ӨӨקųߵԺӣְڲһ˫۾ų쿴ӣι㻹𣿡
ãôһ˵Ӵգգ۾֪ܿȥͻȻеΣһ£
ӨӨӣһţǳ⣬ҪεӣôǲǺܸˣֶȴѹվǰ
аôɴ㲻Դ˰ɣ
ԴףܣӨӨһ˿ңæ͵Ҫ˵ʲô׿ɳԣҡֲϲ㣡ҳʲôף˵Ųϲһأ
Ϳ϶С㲻ϲң
ӨӨ˵˽㣬ֻϲӢ۴ߣ
޳˵ⲻһֱ׵дô
ޣӨӨһҪĻĴܲҪϲأ
˵仰ʱ
СѾͷ۾Ҳһ˿ǡ
ôģֻԼ֪
ô˵ҿɲˣֱҴ˸񣡡
ˡ
Ҫҵǳϡ
ôͳɻĴܲأ
ʱҲôˣ͸Сߵý㣬ûŮ˰
ȻʹСԸò
ɴûҪɶ鰡
һСʱŰɫӷ˳
仯ǳʪͷڼͷʯѩ׹⻬ǰ֣һ㵭ǻУͬһ㡣
ӨӨֹͣ춷죺㣬ô
ӨӨ̫ˣȫˣ輤ظӵһ£һһŷǳĹҲܺһսˣڱëˣ
߹ЦǺ˵ϲС㲡Ȭ񹦣
չ̣Һӣֻǵлæ˵Ҫĥһӡˣǲݵֵڣ
һһҪǧǲݣÿķʮϽң
⻹һ˶ѣˡˣһǹⲻ塷ǵúķѶٲϺͽǮֱһ޵׶
塢塢ʥʱĿ϶ɱģ
Ϊ̻Ѿ㹻׬ǮڿĻԶԶ·Ÿոտʼ
ǰǮûʲô̫о
ֻǰѾӪ̻ᵱһΡ
˵Ҽֵʽ
ڹʼı仯ˣ
ǮԴԴʵ
һ˾ʾûκԴɾҲע޵ġǡǡ෴һԴƽӹʹҽĵرһܳΪ֣
̸оʵҪԡ
ԾӪ̻׬ȡǮʱſǰ飡
˵ϹܡͷΪĳԱʸǹⲻ塷Ȼô࣬ÿǲƱһ֡Ǳ뾡׬Ǯýֲܽǲݵظ
˵仰
ʱΪڿЦ
ڿбҪǲ
ֻǣôһ֣漣̻ô֧أ
ǳˬ죬̰ǹⲻ壬ֱڸӨӨϹơ͡壬˽¿ʼŹ
͹
ȡκζá
ÿһֻҪΪУĲҩ򵥾ˡ
Ϊڳ쿴ǹⲻ塷ܺܲվʺǰڣǶĹȴǶ
ΪԼŶӴι̻ǺбҪġ
ѣǱ֮ˣϲƽϣ
͡壬ΪϴϵӨӨϹƾһѾż
ǹⲻԶԶϹ洫칦
ܽôһ湦ó
ػ˾ģ
˸׷졣
æʱһԳıеĳطȻš


52 ıǿ
ϳǱ
һݻۡ
ӶѲߣҲһ˽޳ֳֻ׳սǣʱװһ֧뺷ӡһ͵޳࣬ͣϰ˽޳
ҶϳǷ֧ܲ
ֵҶӶѲֽȨƺӰҲͿ֪ˡ
һ޳ſĽֵʻ
ħһͷƷ¹ͽ׳ۣ̬ţҲɢżǿϢħǵ֮
Ʒ¹ͣҶǰ
һʮҵ߳
Ӷˣæȥס޳ݼԶɽˣ
Щ֣ԴһЩͺӥǣ˫ӥϢ񣬸һǿѹȸС
Ӷ޳޳ͬʱ˵˽ݣѾȴˡ
Ҷڣˡ
һҶۡһǶ죬һʮңӢͦꡣ
ˣˣҶ۾һ˿ϲɫȸһ£λϳǶżҼ죬λݳϵĶӳ
ǳôԶɽ࿴ۣᣬһΪȴѾ񣬳ĺ󱲣Ľ
ʮ꣬۷塣
ȻǼص֮һ
һ˿ɫϹǫ˵̧̫ˣʵڳУ»ŲǰʮοгҵһųǺӹâϣԳƳţ
Ǻô֮ɽĶӣʮ;Ԫ꣬ΪѾʿ֮һѾʮ꣬ûб¶ʵ˭Ҳ֪ǿʲôزͬʱλ٣
һλš
ǺͳǺȣǾͶʱȻɫˡ
ǺӷǵӵжԪ꣬ѳ洫꽣ڻͨˮƽܹɨͬţԽսҲ׾ٵġҪһǣǺᣬδǱ
Ĺӣ
պգ
ǺӲĹ֮һĹ֮ףΪǺܶһﶼֻ䱳
˲żüã˺֮ͨʱԻǿʢָտɴԶɽ̾ϢһȻһתȴһЩļһֶһҰʵڶ˵
պգƣ˲żüãȴһ˽Ұ֣ܻȾһ۵㡣վԶɽ˵˷ģݲɳӣ˴ϳǣΪҰ֣
Ҷۡһۡ
ν˵ĵ˾ѣ
ɳٶʵ̫죬Ҫ˶ãͻвҵλֳҡңϹСҲ뱣סū
ʱæµûа׷ѣγɹ赽ҡҵͷۣҲȫˣ
ԶɽĴָĽָ˵ϹһֱڽҰ֣
Ҷ۵ͷشǣϹǵ̬ǿӲŸְмǣŮϹҲͳߵúܽ
첹ϹƲ򵥣Ů٣Ǳ츳ȴѷɫʵ;߱ͻƻѾԳٳ徳ֻǸλ˵Ȼ۷壬ȴͻһʿһս
ԶɽʮأԪӵߣҵжţ
ҶֲϹ⣬ҩʦҲѷɫʹͬ츳ѣֻҩ֮ԵУȻҵѷɫ⣬ϳǽܱʦ壬ȫпܸǴ鷳
ͷΪˣǳٳ޷֡
ЩţһҰʲôɫˡΪʲôʧ٣˷ظı仯
ӣǡǡڡҶһְʾ˵ʧİطʲô֪ĳЩС֮Ѿ߱صʵܹԽսʲô򴫳УԷͬСɣ
ĿȻ¶һ˿̰ôҰֵ˹ʺˣ
Ҷۼ˵컹ռ֪ʶԴ˳̻ᣬرԪǰ쿪ҵһٴնʮҵĳɼ
ʮң
Զɽһ
˶壬֪ǮԴһʿҪԣ
СҡǮļ
޲ǿ̰
˱ҶĿѾﵽ
Ҷ۹⣺һСɫؽƸʿȥɱʮþȵġϹʱ鷳˾ˣҲû취
Ҷ˼Ҷ˼ǣҪģɱô򵥿
Զɽͷ
ôʹʹ̫ˣ
ȻˣҶ¶ݱ飺ǿ϶ģ̫ףҪܾĥҪѡǻҪĶһеֺĸƽ֣
ر˵ˡ
ļҡ
Զɽᡣ
رǳʵĿǰΪֹȻԳеŭȴȻûаѳ̫ϣҲ֪ôҵ
ϱ壬˽Բıֵһ鵰⣬ǿԶˣ
ԼǣԶɽͷ
˵塢Ϲϰǳ㣬㹻ˡϹǿսʵǳǿģһܱϵɱף̻ᣬ¾Ͳôˡ
ʵˣ
Ҷкƣ
ʵܼ򵥣ıǿȡˣ
ԶɽܸȤ˵ıǿȡôȡ
ʦҶѾأͳ˵һҪһɣһϹ޷ֽɣֻҪųϹϰСӻô
ԶɽϽʣҶѾҵʵɣ
ûСҶֻһתȴṩһʵɡ
е㲻ףôУ
Ҷ۵㲦ǰһʮʱһֱûлӴκ֪ʶӳҰ֮ͻȻô༼ôЩأ
ޱ֮᣺ѧ壬ǰؼо츸ӳʱ򣬵߳ҪĻ֪ʶ֪ʶ̻ᣡ
ûҶͷӣȡܣκһ壬ǱӴңǼ£ϹȨ棡
ǿиҲûϵԶɽЦƹܶ˾жְֱ֮֮Ϲ϶ͶϹ㲻ˣϹ֪Ѷ˾ˣҹ£Ҿ˾ݸ棬ֱֹϹȨ¡ȥԺ󣬻ܸһ״
úúãЦһ״ȥǸ£򹴽ͽȡıȡ棬ϹȻԲ˶ߣ
Ҷ۵ͷҪһǣǽ֣֮˳̻ռΪС
ߣ
ߣ
һô
ƣҶͣһ¼˵ҶҶżڱӰĴǿǿƸý壬ѳصϢųȥȫ䶯ǿѹȣ֮£Ӻڳ֣ǿаѳߡ
ôһ
ضѣ
ʱÿһ嶼мԣ˼ҹ棬ֻҪߣôǺϷĴڡ
壡
أ
ⶼǷɵģ
ʲô嶼һ
֮£ôãǼڲ飬رǴٷˣԲײֻ棬Ȼܵ
Ϲ㡢ܱ뱣죿
ǵԱסһɧ
һıĴѾ̿Ҷ۾Ÿ棬ﱸգϳԴϹҲסȻڽӣ


53 
չؼ죬ǧǲݣֵԼ֮ޡ
ڰǹⲻЩŵ
빦Сɵ徳磬Ҷһβ࣬ԲĲǺ㶨̶ȼٶǳָģ
漣̻ĿǰĹģСһ˵ĶԸɣοҪóһǮͶʵ漣̻ҵοҪˣο컹

ֱǮ
Уǳ
Ϊﵽ۷徳磬ΪǺԣǳ֮ϴһ飬ǿȡԪȫȵ
ü
ΪԺι̵Ļ
ֻҪ֤ϹӦٹãˣ
漣̻һ壬û㹻ǿ򣬵ģ׳֮󣬱Ȼ׽⡣Ϊ˵ʵĴھ飬ָ㼸ĳԱ
һ죬衢ӨӨ͡嶼ڳ
˰еɻ˵
һһָ
ǰ۽磬ⲻģһҪͨ˶༸ֻ˵Լ޵У֪ʶ洢ԾǿԶհԡ
ÿһ֪ʶǼǻ۳
ÿһۣоɹ
۶ôɬµ⣬򵥷
Ľ飬ǿգߴԣ
ǹⲻûгô죬ҲѾһż׹˵ʵ̫¡̫ɬˡ

ڴʱ
ϹƺȻײŴ
죡
ˣ
һѱֽˡ
һĿĵıȻڴǰ
ʱͷ׳죺һ˽ӣ
ձͷһ͵Գһܼ
ƽ̽ڿͷһƭӣ
Ӷܿͷ޳֮ͽ죡͵Լңϳǣ

Ҷˣ
ô£
컹ڸ蹦̵µý壬Լﴺҩȫһҹ֮䣬ͷʷը
Ҫص˵¡
1һߡ
2ݳǳҵ˽ӡһûеλҰ֡
3ļԼӳҵʱ򣬴Ӽ͵ġ
ֱһ޳ܡսթԼ弼İ࣡
˹ˣ
˵ʲôжó
ӹɣϳһα䶯
һαƵ˿ڣ漣̻ҲٴγΪ̸۵Ľ㡣
漣̻ǰճҫ̶̼죬˴ƶˤȵס
Ϸ绯Ĵת䣬óʼδ
ȻԪ޴ɹʣ
Щ¸оݣֱȫٳˣ
һʮ꣬пô˵ļ𣿸ܣһⰡ
˷
ü˵̫ݶˣóѰ
ͼ˵ƨͨЩҲţǸϽȥ
Ϲŷŭ⣬һưĵϡãĿԲŭģиƨðˣǣȥǾˣ
侲һ㡣辡ִܱ̻СС˾٣ʧȥǣЩýӦ޹أ
ǾǳҸɵģϹŭ˵ұٴҲݳǣϳƨʲôģϹһǴأ
Ͻ˵ΪˣΣȻǳҸɵģǳϳǲûиһҹϳǵ۶ֱ꣬ºô
˵
صͷϿݳ鷳ףǱûǰɿ֧֣ͻת¡
ҶҡżңϳǸٹ̣ǵ֮£øýȫ꣬Ӷϳҷ
ӿʼǸı
ȵݡ
ٰѳϢй¶ҡ
֮ìܣøԴͬ֯һŴ
Ҷ۰Ϲ壬û취ֱӶԳ֣Ծ뵽ֽ赶ɱ˵ķʽ
ӨӨʣָôӦԣ
ҪäĿжⲻƣɱӦûûǶ²סģ˵ȥɡ
ܲʲôɣغ
ģЩۿƾˣʵϸãȻٳԽǽͣԽἤۣصȴգõӷͷȥˣȴͷ侲ٴ۷򣬷óȻжµ塣
Էǳ侲ΣȻǼоġ
ȴΪ̫ˣǵ
Ц˵ռȻ
۾ɨֽǸһ˿ûĥЦݣѣΪԼռƣⲻ֪һӣհԼ˽ȥ
һӡ
Լ˽ȥ
仰ʲô˼
Ǳܽ
С㣬ˣ
˺ܶˣ
ǾҪǵסˣ
Ƶʹ׹һѹַΧ
װԱӵΧסţʯ顢ȼƿͥԺңһźֱӴ
Ұ֣
ҹ
챾ӵ΢۱ͬ޵Уοˡǹⲻ塷ֻҪҪʿ
ο͡Ϲơ
ȥͳȥ
ҡ߳ţλȴʵܳ
Ƿϻ
ҵͽ
Ϲۣû뵽޳Сˣ
ҴĻߵĵԲɱһ
ȺУһʮҵ꣬ĸߴϢ˫Ŀ㣬ףȻԪһĸ֣
ĽɫҪϳǣ¸ͱȶ̫ˣ
ΧȺǶ۷׷һسд鷳ˣ
λ˳ݳңĳ֮ӣ
ǳ֮ܣûϡʴȣһ˭֪Ӳ֪ж͵Լļ
Щν˼޲ԳоǿǳҼλϺͱѪ
ǵȡһܣۼɷ˵ǰ֮ˣɳһϵĲҾ硣
ĹεĶĺĶͽȥȻ
ΧȺһ˻
ȫ
ѹֳᴴô漣
˰죬һĶȫӼʱӼ͵ģ
û뵽ôһ
㲻ϳǣϽɣ
һַ࣡
ɱ
ɱ

ȺӦźϸ۲첻ѷ֣ЩҶǱȺӶȺǵ
Ȼɿ
һߣ
ȵ´͵
ĳһȺȻһҪ׽ơ
ϹƽȣһĳƷ磬粨˰ڻϣ˲Ѽѹˣ˭ҶҾɱ
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55 ֮
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56 ֮
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58 
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ÿһν֣ȴţ
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ڶ׳ͷˣ
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澡ʧ
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Ĳôȥˣ
ʹóһԼ飺ţ͵֮ǶĳĳЩԹƻԶﴫð¡ΪʾҵǸ⣬żģߴӡԼ飬£
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ֱǸⰡ
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⣬⡭
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̨ϣһͰҸŴ˲˰ɣһ˵ҵƢ˭Ҳɡ
л˵л˵ˮĳýʵΪֲʧ׼һݺ漣̻л㿴ɺã

ĳԸ׳ȫ˲Ʋֲ˵Ĺ
쵹Щ
첻ЩĿ࿴
һвһУο̵ˣ
ðɣȻĵǸҾͲƽˣҷ֣ʲôСǾݹҲ棡
ͷңң
żô˵ҲϳǴ壬ڱֵĸ죡
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ߣ
Ҷ۷ŭһ뿪
ȫֵ÷з־磬ڳ׵Ļ
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켱Ҵҵĸǣ׼תֵǮˣ
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ǰŸոջȥûת߼ʹϹơ壬ųˣ
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ӨӨ衢ϹơɳȥӸҺݺѣֻҪֵǮĶһҲҪó
Ѫһ𼱻ǳȥչ
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ҩǳϡϳ޼ȻڶżҸۡѳٷݡ
Դ˷ǳ⣺һٿΪҩ꿪ƣܸɵòһ󹦣ͷͣ
¶ϲ֮ɫл᳤
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춼Ѫˣһҧûˣȫ棡
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漣̻ˣżһƵߣ
콫սƷ˻ȥ򿪳˲䣬ֱӿε۾
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ܺã
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Ҷζ벻
һηǵûѳ쳹׻壬óڶʱڴ󱬷ˣ


61 ܱܷͷ
ʱ䣬漣̻ӹܶż칤ȫͶ뵽ƾУҪУÿΪ漣̻ƣ
漣̻ʮߣ
ֿʼչС͹ԭϡ
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漣̻ᷢչһƬã
ϳȷ粨ǰˡ
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Ϲݷãһ仰˵ҵõϢɱҳϡõ飬Ѿݳȥˣ
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㣬ʲôѽӨӨԳ쿪ʼäĿˣʹݳǵļ壬ԸҲ޳Ī
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Ϲ˵Ĳ
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Ĵ壬ĸǸһ
ͨ˾ͱκһóԲ˶ߣ
쵹һ㲻˻ûȥݵģֱͱе
岻ģλٹ̣ʿڶ࣬νƣοǹ׶㰵ѷɳʿɱ
ҲԶԸΪڣ뷽跨Ĵѹ漣̻ᡣ
Գ漣̻˵һκܴĿ顣
дţȡü֧ԮϹ˵ͻȻͣһ£Ǿ֮ңǽǧ֮أԶˮȲ˽ѽ
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Ϲʮʬ;߱һΪǹ롢־ʬսѷɫʿ˺ÿʮһʮʬ൱أʮʬ൱أ
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ʯǾʬϿһСȫ򻹲ʮˣһ붼˿ڣǵʬϿȸҵӣȥ˻ɢޡ
쾭ݺȺһ㶼͹һںʯй䣬һߴ̽ŹʬϿȵϢ
ҩĲҩ
޵ϵ޵
ոճ¯ĺڻҪĸϽ

ʯǺУСС̷ȴѾǳࡣ
һƫԶС˿ڶ࣬ԹϸǷǳɵģвٶȻǿĺúѡĻû׼ԳһЩ
Ϣ
Ϣ
ܹڵĸ̶ӣոյִгΪдƷҩġװ
ҪңֻʬֻҪ㹻ʬܻκҪ
Ϣһ
Ƕеǳ𾪣
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ܹܵĹڴܹһĶĹ˺ļƷ
ǳĶ
һҪ쵽ȥ
ûôף
ʬϿȵθӣҽأʮ춼һпΣգԺбҪһ򵼣һϤεͬ顣
Ǹأ


62 ɱʬ
ʯģʿۼһƬ
̶ܹӷųϢ˶ץסλᣬӴһһЩϡԴ
ʬʮɱ̫Σա
ɢڻʱӡ
ҲһӦ
ʵСļԱ𣿡
˵ǽеģʵСƾ費ʵòѾСˣڲһҪҪȥһԣ
ɵѽһô̬ĸ˶أһأȥȡ𣿡
꣡С㣡ûڳҸȲɣ
ԾԾʿŵزӡ
һŮվڿյϡ
Ůӱһĳɫװ񣬶ׯᣬȻ㲻þɫ˫۾ȴһرζǸŮˡ
һǿ׳ߴ׳һ޴ұһƤںڵİ꣬Ѷ̵ϻһų
ŮӶ˵ǵĶͲһҪΪﵽأ
һ
޲̾Ϣ
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ǺƵ磿
ĺƷǳ
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ͳͳŵõһȫ¶ɵ顣

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΢΢ͷ
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νŰīʵͳ࣬ȻԸô㼬֣ǳ컹ǲġ
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ǸʮֳĬİҼ״ο˵
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ֱ棬ʮ꣡
֣


63 ʬ
ʮʬӦǽγɵģǲڴ˵ɢޣʵʲôв
Ҽһ֧ʸ
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СԽаѾһˣ㲻ҵô󶼳ɵͷ˰ɣ
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ʬȫһʬᣬÿһֻʬڶʬϿڲߡ
аɹҪʬĳЩҩУʬҲһҪõĲϡ
첻аʬİޣռȥнҪĲϡ
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װһӣ
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64 
۷Ϊ𵽼£Ԫӿڶʱ򣬾һֻ׺׵ģչһԾ죬ѡ

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ƻ轫֮ʣ˴Ŀĵأ˵еĺС


65 
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һӴӪؾһͷϿĹޣﵽⶼưֿҰĸо
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ǿʳǿΪ˭ʵǿ˭ǺеͳߣΪˣ춼ֻ𲢺ɱ
˷ҽ֮ˣ޲Լʵгŵģ㵱ֱɱҲκͬ飬ֻϵù
ʬĪҹϵ
зΧԵøš
飬ںֵ߰תһߴϢһѰҴ̶ܹӡ

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۲ҩôƷôȼǲᷢ仯ģǲҩУȫһҩ
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ͬ2ҩֵҪ1ҩ߳
1ҩΪʿʹã2ҩΪʿʹáöӤڵģ⼸2ҩļֵκһ꣡


66 Ԫ굮
ĿⳤʱڻӤϡ
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ôͣ
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ӤǱ̴ĲУֵߵļ֮һߴӴóƷʬǳɱʬõʵҪռһٿƷʵʬռһǧʬʬҲſԿǸһһö
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69 Ԩ
ʿ罣ͣˣϵ繫ӣǼĽɫμӱż̽յʿձ鶼ǶԼһŵġ
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ڤһǿͬʱһִйֻбϿɣܵõУҰֶμƿڤҲܵõڤĴС
ڤ׻𽣡Դ׷ݵңԶĺʱһϽƪݻģĪ⡢ɱΣڤʩչ
ڤ׻𽣡һġ罣罣ö࣬Ϊ罣ǴĴɱô
⡶ڤ׻𽣡Ͳһǵ߱ǿɱսҲݵġ꽣ѷɫһǿĽ
ڤ׻𽣡ڤڤ
ΪĶŽ
˭Ҳûа취ѧ
ջڤ׽ֲĲ㣬ټħԪǿȻǷǳɹ۵ģ
¹ûôס
Ȼȥɣ
Ӿռɵڤ⽣һŵҵǣû¡ߣ鲻ܰãһҪæ
ȽǿӲ
ܾܡ
һﾡܾȹԼ̬ʵڽջ
òʱΪҪڤȻʳĶ֡
һﾡܷǳջ𣬾ԼһʵּĴˣѾûбĴˡ
ãϣ
˳ͨնɱһ·ͨڵִĹ㡣
ĹңŰʯף׸Ǳ򿪣ΧɢʬʬǳĿֲ
½ʣһϤ𣬡ڵˣ
ʵһ˿֯ɵı߹ߡ׹ֵڹײϡ
ף
Ϊʲô£߰˸ʶˣ
߾ۼʿǰ;£ģÿһʵǳصǣ˶ʹó
Ϊرע⡣
һŶʮ꣬Žɫۼףֳһ쳤ɫͷĸߴ󣬻һװ궯Ϣ
˶һλ֣
ﵽѶصˮƽ
ôôһΪǰˣЩãĿ䵽ϣɵ֣ϵ繫ӣô⣡
ûûлش⣬ʣ⼸ǣ
İ֡˵ĽͣλǺպġ嵶λ췢ͽսһšѪŭڻͨɱ֮Ī֮¡
ͷ
Ҳɵ
֪ʬжǿԲ֪ʲôȻôλ
ֶ˽˵λСѾǵȵˣѾˣǡ
ޣ췢ˬվֵǵȴ죬ΪδɵСӣ֪˷ѵЩʱһضٱ𣿡
ǰ
ģ
һΪϵ繫أ
û뵽ëûļһ
˷׷ױԹĿȻǳơ
Ҳǳ󣺡ǵȥ
쵹Ҳȥڤˣ
ȥڤɫһ䣬еţǻܻŻ
չʾǲǻŻģ
߼飬ͫײȻּڤǺ㿪ۣٶУ
һڤһӰѽõķǳ˳֣ûĴ㣡
췢ս¶̰֮ɫȻ֪СʲôʺˣȻܴڤѽó˷ôʱ䣬Ҫһ㲹ɣ
һ˵ѽֲҵʧ
սһ۹˵˼ȻôҪѽֵܼùΣɱʬжСһ࣬СһҲ٣
˵ʵ
һ˲䣡
еĶ
ڤһͨ
嵶ʵһﺷˣרɱԽ顣
ʵǳô
СѾͷƬӣһȥ
ûķݣ
öǰĿ⣬̰ضųڤ
ǿ򲻳ɣ׼ɱ˶ᱦˣ䲻ЦǴܹ磿
ϵ繫ڰС˵
ѵվСߵģ
ˡ׹ħֵܡ嵶ͣȫɵ
СҪƵ֮£ڤҲˣʵ֮ܲ£ڤмֵ
Ҫǰ죬ʹһˡ
ֳ鼫ѶԸ͹Ҳ˵һζʧȥԸʬս
һƵܱ罣죿˵˵ڤûѽҲĶ֣
ʲô
Сɱ罣ͣ
罣;ڹĹܷӡɴɵ罣ǵֵ֮ܵģ
Զһ
ʤҲɵӣ
嵶һսôɱĶ֪
ǺǺǺǣһˣ廹ڣǿǿ飬Ȼġ˿սһۣ÷ǳ˵עԴǣֻ׼˵ˣҲ
սһ
Ҳû
ѿųɱ罣͡
һëûһû꣬ôô
ϵ繫Σϵ繫ӵչˣܻ㡣ƾϵ繫ӹϵǳһ㣬սֵȷʵҪɵ֡
ûб̬ûףʵ·ģ
ãڶ񵽵ģʵе㲻˼ЦЦһٻ£ݳһʮأ⣬񵽲ٱ
ʵǳ㡣
ףЩʿͨʿԲʵԣѹ㲻ʲô
ʵƺʮ̽ѰĹ̡
̽Уû˱Ȳʵ̬ˡ
ս˶ЩСӲ֪⣬ǹѼ˶ɿ
첻ֵܡ
ĿǰǷʱ
ô붼νˡ
ΪӤŪ֣ʱʣ಻࣬ӤĿǰΨһһó죬ͻƵѾҩ
ĿǰЩ⡣еɿȣһ˵ʿټһȥʬˡ
ʣʬ
鱨ʬǹɵʬֿ⡣ʬ֮ȫڲʬ˶۸ӣأΣճ̶ȼߣһرԦ
ҵȻһģԦܻʬЩǿα
ĹʬͬСɣ
´ֻȥܺɨһ
Ԧ־ڱصã׼ɫ˵бһԦѳ˯ʬǶҪ⵽ʬΧ
ߵɱ
ҡҡͷ˵ġˣһŷǳǿ幦ĹˣӦñҸ˽⡣
ʵսü
ɢܴģ
⡶̶ԽͱԽǿ󣬸ֽǣͭƤѪӲգȻĹԪѹסƾħްֲ壬սлʿ棬һ
Ҳûƿķ
ϾܹĹѹƵ֮£ֻܷ۷ս
һ㣬ǻһѾԶ׷ˡ
ƹĹĹҳȺ
ôôࣿô궼ûбù⣿
˼룺ҪôˣȥĹҰʬ˵


76 ʧ
Ĺصıڶ࣬ܲÿһõְɣν̰ãֻؼľˡ
ͳһžɵƤֽ
λ뿴ǹĹԵĵͼֻҪ˳ű·ߣܱܿ;нӶ֤·
ǻʲôʱ䲻ˣ߰ɣ
ʬĹ޴󣬵ͼǵĹҾͶٸ۸ӵɽܵӣûйĹͼ֣֪Ҫ˷Ѷʱ䣡
Ĺά죡
һ·ʬǳ࣬һɫǺʬǹĹѹһ൱ǿߴڣ
ȣ
ͷŵֻ̽ʬ첻ȥһһڳʬʬڴװʱһѪɫĵХֱֱۿȥϽ֣ѵһۡ
̫Σˡ
첲ûˡ
ʵŭĿսǾȻ͵Ϯ죡
սֳֳ˵òõĶĳͷˡ
û˽սƷ
콻ɣ
ͱ˵ˣݲȵ˵ԼһңһǷ֡
սȻŭƾʲôʲôƨԼ
쵭˵˸òΪöʬʧŰɣ
ɫʬÿöܻһҩ
սôܲŭ
˸ɵľǿԵǿӲԿһëûСռˣ
Ҳ¶ʹ֮ɫǵͷ߰ɡ
ͷֵܼİ㣬ǵСûŮ߳
аһ
սŹ˺ôܹŵųϣƨҷһϣ
ޱ飬˵̸˼ǮǸõһͭٲˣ˵㣡
սֵԹޡ
νһſżֵ˵ʬЦеʱôܲʣ
治֪˳Դʲôҩ
Сô
ּɱɫʬֻ
ʱ̽·׹ܵǰϴˣǰǾڣ
ĹѨʵĹУһޱȵȻᵵǰһͷبžͱޣһǿҵѹȸС
һ׸ߡʮȵľڡ
˵ģǾڱǾǰǧƵĹʯסЩʯ׶Ǻɫʣ沼״ƣɺɫĹâһѪ˿ӹǣʯױĳסȫڰС
ǧ

ֲĻ棬Чǿҳǵ࣡
૵˵ǹĹΣյĵط֮һ˵е׾ڣ
ɭɭʯ׶Ų̺ų壬˴˻໥˶ĳɣŨŨɷ֮Ҫ˵߹ȥվ˺ܲˡ
ֱһ޴Ʒ󣡡
ǧϹʱڵһּ󷨡һǳΣգÿһǳСģһߴһпܾͻỽѳ˯ھʬ
ܹоӡʬͬСɣĴεͨʬܹġ
¸źʯס
¸Զ롣
ȻܸܵʯɢѹһѹԵǿѹ˿־壬Ϣ
ǧƹʯףÿ߶ӡżǿڣ˳ìƽΪ׳۵һ
üʣǸôߣ
̾ϢһΪֹûͨûκ·ߣֻһȥˡ

ⲻǿЦô
ûͨĵط
һ鶼Źرսֵܣֱоƭˡ
۲״˵Ҳδأҹ۲죬ǧ̫ǳͼУƽ·߾ͲС
˶һ
Ҳܿ
ʣƽ𣿡
Ҿòѡͣһ˵͸йɣҪһʱ䡣
սһ㾡ȫ֮Ĵݳ󷨴ʦ˵ƽ⣬ҲԼԼ˭
ŭ죡
սɫһ˵һ̸ӣȴһٶΪСӵǣֵ˱ʲôˣ
ü˵ǧΣգǿ룬ȻСаƽ⣬ΪʲôһԣȻֵԸͷҲû
һ
սʱˡ
ҲĻɣһǿֱ겻ǳܺģ
ֱӴ̫Σգ
쿪ʼ۲
Ĺ߷ǳ򵥣Գǰ۹ҲһĿȡ֮ڳǷǳͼģҵɺһƽȹ
ڴʱ
һӱĹҴ϶ߵҲ̫ˣһøϰ
ɫͬʱһ䡣
ƮƮƮģȴÿһĶϻص̺һǶеһʧ
ԦɫͽȻ䣺㡭Ȼˣ
û뵽ɣ
Ĺֳֹ߳ȭͷ󣬱ƽƽ棬µϢ
Ũܺë̹âʬڻ߳Ѽ˸Χסˡ
⣬ʮʿվΧһһȥʱ򣬱ԽԽأЩʿ޷֮
һŹȵվ㲻ڴܹúôţȴܵĹ˻ˮĹıʿ̽
һ˫۾âȻĳ๦ߵߣҲǻشڡ
ºˣ
ƣ
ƣսֵɫ䣬רо־ͨ󷨣һܴʿ
ƣĿһϣ˳øߴǣɫȴ԰ֽվһֻӵޣŹϢλһǻˡ
ɫ԰׵΢΢̧̧ͷĿĮû˵
а̾
ʵͼǿĹڵĻû֮ƥУơλ˰æѹô촩ʬõԦ
Ʋ˵ʿѷɫˡ罣һ
˻ǻѶʵȴܹӡ
⨺ģСΪɷޡҴ֮ޣ̷ǳѪȣȴǷǳ޴ģƽаɷ֮
үүͿʼޣܼǿŴޣȫ޼ɵ߹Ĺ
ǿս
ͨơ
ӵɷ޵Ļ
⣬ʮΪʿپ߱Ƶʬս֮⣬ֱر
ЦݣӾͲϻˣõﶼӸһʹ죡
Щ˻ƣɱǣⱨ𣿡
߸߾еĹ¶飬Ԧ֣Ԧֻʬÿһֻʬ綼߱Ѷʵһ֧ǿ֣ĹȥãȥҲԸһأ˭ұң
ԦȻһö
û뵽쵰
ս¶־飺ˣֵΪУֻҪһֵԸ϶Ӵհ
嵶°ͣǵҲмֱ£ӵԦܼԦʬȴȱܰµĻˣãҲɱǣ
ŭݣ֮ͽ
лˣս¶ϲ֮ɫ뿪ˣܵսߣԥˣڤ飡
Ҳ̰֮ɫʱøʢӹ˲ƸҵȱһӴ˿ɣҲܳΪһɢˣ
һơ¶֮ɫ
ΪʲôҪ
ΪôĿô
嵶ɢޣǿˣһ·ˣҸʵȫսôֻһˣ
ʵˡ
ǰˣ׾ڡ
̫ǿ
սʤ
׾ڸǹĹյط֮һǧ˸ҫպգһһҶͨοǿˡ
ǰ·׷ʧپڽˣ
ô죿
޽ľ棡
гصʱ
עˣѹԼ˵һߣǧҪңߴһȫˡסǻΨһᡣ


77 
Ĺﻹдѱȥáһҡеܰʬѹ˫͹âɭȼգûʱ˷ˣ
һٶߺɫʬ
ôֲһս
ˡ׹ħʵɫһһѿ
ˣ
ô죿
ô·һܳùǧ
ȣ֣֣֡
ٺٺ١ɫħһֻ״Ԫͷųħһ˲䣬ξʱֶȥǿ԰Ϣˡħۻþ
˶оһ
󣬰ٹ޺ֳֳ棬
߾˶Ϻһɢ񹥻غþѣҪţ
ߵϹӡ
ƲĿ⨺ɷͨһŨħĺ
ħɷħ
ɷ޲ޣаħǣͨҲѷɫκλʿ
ߣ
ؼʱ׳ŷһɾ޴˲ڱߡ
һǧ״
ƴ
ƴҲ
ɴһѣ
ˡ˰һᣬų˳ȥ
ҲҪҶҰڱΣ̴˺ǱǧɱǲߣסԭأҪܵĿɳ֮
ʮͽɢˡ
ȴһɣô̵ʱǳǧףѾߵ֮µɽͨˡ
ô
״ʧЧ
վھɽǰ߾ڤιɵ㲻Ҫڤڤ֣Ҫ˰ǹѽ
ñŭǣ

Ԧ켸
һپߺɫʬԾڷ档
Ǿ֮ͨˣ֪ǧδʧЧæ󺰣Ҫ
̫ˣ
ʬѾ
ǹһ˿΢Цһʮ
ڶ
䣡
üʯ׾ֱ£һѽݺݲ棬һȵ淢˲ѹ׸ǻ÷顣
һ߾ѪԵӰֱͦͦվ棬һ˫˫ɺ˸Ų̿ŭĹâ
һǧʬ
ëʬͼǺëʬǺëʬ
ëʬ̶ǧǧһʲôļޣ
ʬ飬ޣǧ꣬ܽǧʬ־޴ɱ䣬ʬ˵ҲҪԵġ
Ȼ𵽾Ӱ졣
½ֲǲȵģŨطḻԴڶ࣬γɴϡطƶޱȣϡ٣ֻܲС
Ĺϡ޷½Ĵڡ
ʬ˵һǧ꣬ҲΪʬ
ЩǷͽƵɲ֣ڸоһʬľʬװǧ꣬ʶܽɿֲǧʬ
Ȼôûӣ
ֻһɵ͹Թмˣ
ǿߣ
Ųʬ֣ЩһȲϹҲ̫ˣһôʬ㹻κ˺һˣ
ڳȥ
ɶΪʲô׺ΪʲôǾû£
һ˰¶ûУȴһ´ƣ˲份Ѻüֲֻǧʬ
ҳȥ
һҪɱǣ
Ъ˹
飡
죬׳׵鿪Ѫɫͷųһ޴ĺƣ˲ռ䡣
ã
ʬ
ʿմɫ类ǿõ壬Ƥʱͱܽ⡣
ϢĹ
壬ͷţ类Ƥ㣬һ߿ֲѪʬ
𣡡
ʿǵĲҽн˻˫۷ɺĹâԪ緢ȼյĻŤȥ
ǧʬʬɱˣܵȼʿԪǶʱڣɿֲɱ˹
ûõĶ
ȫɱˣ
ҡԦʬˮ㶥ȥסʬƵʿ
ɷ޼һֶ¸ȫʬʿ鴤˲ͱʴɡ
˶ڣ
ʲô
ǧʬĹ﷢Ӳɱɱ
ֻɫʬһֽ㣬˲ͱʬ˺ѳƬʬŨʬ֣˭˭û˸ҿ
ŭͷԪ۳һ޴Ľɫһֻ׳ֵľͻƽֱۡ
Ԫ꣡
ЯԪ֮ʮֹһȭʬ˹ȥ
ȭ
ɫȭѪ۵ȭͷײ
ѪǿҸʴԣýȭֽС롣
ڴ棬ȻռƵģɫȭͽ忪ǰѪСʯײ㣬صػʬš
ǿֲʱ򣬵涼ѿѼߺʬƷ
ʬǰصײھڣҳһݵĴӣ
Ȼ
ΪΪӵԪҲֱͬԪӡ֮£ܹ޶ȵıս
Ŀǰ״̬ϻһʿҲȫһսģ
Ǹҳȥ
ɱǰ󱲣
ɷ޲緢ڼ˵ߣɷаǣɷ޵ʬ׿
Ⱥɫʬסʬơսֵܣɷޱ֮£ǧǿд
ơսֵܣ׷ʱ
졢ˡʵˣ߽ɽڵĴ
Ǻܴ󣬵涼Ǻ̳ɵģ⻬󣬷ǳƽ̹ڳ⣬տյģ裬ÿһִ棬ȴһ޴ĺɫ
ʮɫ۵룬һӴĺɫʯ餣
餱ħͼһϸɵĹƷ
ʮִĺɫһ߹餡
һʬ
м
ʬѾߣֻҪõʬڵΪ²֮ؽܾ޴ҫ
ɫʯ餣һǿҲĸо
ʮţôǼס
һֲ̫ĸоȷҪ˯ĶʱܳǼ˶ԸѾΪǿʬǷ𹥻Ǵ
ǻûǻлᣡ붼û˵ϷѾǧҵʬѾߣа;ϵĵ׹ħӡף
ǣ
žžžѡ
׷ױ顣
ʬҡ
ϻ
ôôȰ
֪ʬжֲô
ʵɫ԰ףŵ㡣
ͳһŷݸϢܹϢܱһʱƽⳡսͲҪμˡ
ʵ¶һ˿ɬЦݡ
׳֮⡣
ʵʵ̫μսҲӲãܻóġ
ʬ𶯱ԽԽǿңһаϵϢڻվںɿ⣺׼Ҫˣ
ڤ顣
ȣ
˵ͺȣɫԪۣһµħУͻȻͷߵԪ꣬һֵħУ
ն
˫ֺʮӱ۶£ħбһɫƥں֮ϡ
һ졣
һ̣ʱ·סˡ


78 սʬ
ȫһţ뺣㡣
ûз
ûκικۡ
𻨶ûųһ㡣
һĻôסˣ߳ŭԪʮ£һģһ˿δйţ뺣һ
ûã
Ϊʲô
Ѳɺòҵȴִ򲻿
Ȼоʲôȵȣж
ϸϸ۲죬΢΢ƺһЩѺۣЩѺ۷ǳ΢СۼԹ۲졣Ѻȴǹ˹ɵģƺڶɢǹйʹޱȵĹѿ
ô
Ҫˡ
˻ˣӴͨ򣬴һХɫʱһ䣺׷ˣ
˶һ
粻ƫƫʱ
ΪӵȥЦȳһͷŭеϬţұŽɫޱԪâ̩ɽѹ֮˺ȥɣ
ץסʵһԡ
߾ӭϣ׵绥֯γɾ޴ӡ
䣡
ɫȭ׹ϣ׹ҵİݡ
Ҳֻǿֵס̫ǿѷɫľޣԪӡ£սȻޱᡣ
㲻Ĺ֮ĩ˵ǺӣȶԶˣƣŭһ׹鿪˼ǿվӣսֵܺ˽ǣŮ
սЦֵǣɱǣ
ûһǼ
⽫һǳѵĴս
׹ħȥסǣ
׹ֵǹ˴㣬һľӢСڴϵȹʵȻ
Ȼʵʵ嵶ö࣬ѹƵͬʱ嵶һĶ֡
֣С͸ιˡ
˽ҶԸɣ
˦׳һźɫħԪһâ棬ɫ棬ûһħֳ־޴˹˹ȥ
˻ħУԷֱٶȣ㻮ħֱӰεħ롣
Ƶͨˣ
ûأ
ħ֮󣬷ǵûеɢħħٶ̫죬˲Ϣ֮ǼնȻԽ࣬ħҲԽ࣬ʮ
⵽ʲô湦
СʿҲȫӰ
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䣡
ʵֱӱ˺ü
ʵģƷҲܷӳ۷ʵ
ʱɷ޷໣һУӻɫӰХż۶
̫ˣ
һĨӰϮ
Ͻǹ⻤壬ֻһ׵Уһʹ˿ڳڱϣԱʯּץۡ
ɷʯһɣٴλɫâӰϮ
һֻСҲ´ܣ
Ͳڸͷʺˣ
Ϊ۸
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ɫ䣺ˣ
ɷ޲ҽУצֱӱϡ
¶ŭ֮ɫϽĬֻצշһȦӻصɷ޵ϡ
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ٶ뿪ĹصӪء


81 غ
Ӫأ𣬹ĹǰǰرգϢٸȥ̽յʿûмŻصӪء
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첻мһƲ죺ĴʲôУһôһ˲¹ͷծ˵ĺ𱨾ˣ
˵ƼҲмһˣʾǳˬƼҺ岻һ̣ξ˽үүѧԺԺ


82 뿪
ףѧԺĸԺһ¡
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˲ͬҶ壬ƼұѧԺȽ£ԲŽǿԴͿڱ
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ûԽ
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һûϣʲôѧԺԺʱֵطʲôȶ֮󣬳ȥŪʮ׺ۣʮ˾ʬʵʵ
ʬǱðջ֮һ
ʮֻʬǻѶأֻﵽأ
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ǻһأ൱ʮʿ£ǻѶءصĴڣǺֲһ
ʮֻʬһ֧СģĳţΪսز漣̻ᣬעһǿս
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ֻܴǮزϣΪʬάսճġСС鷳ʮ˾ʬļֵǲֵһģ漣̻ӯڻάֲʮֻʬ
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һʱ䣬ҲҪ࿸߻ȥһٶֻʬĽҲһǿޱȵûм˸ǡ
ûʮȫʮ顣
쵹Ҳûʲô֪㣬εбܱܷͷȻջѾԤʮ
ϳ֪ôСӨӨúòأһ֧֣㹻ǣû۸漣̻ᣡ

ڶ졣
Ժƻȶ
ʱ챳һİԺ澭ʮ˸ߴĺ˸ڱһԶӡ
ɫе㲻Ȼι㲻ҪȥǣȥƼôô㲻ծˣ
Ǳ̫ˣ
汦ӵʮǿʬΪˣүүһܸ˵ģ
һȥҡҡͷ˵ڲʱ򡣡
æʣˣסô㣿
ôʲôΣ׼˰ɣҿɸ㣬Ŷӡһţ˵˻Ȱ㲻Ҫ̫ϣˣѾ˵˺ܶ飬㲻ϲ͡
㹻ˣ

ŭǣƣһѪ
޲һ
Ҫ˾ôʵϡٺһЦЦˣתƻڸպеʱ䣬Ĺе˼һҿ
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Ҳûʲôʧ
ѧѧģԪƼҹһʹ֪ƼҹĿھ·ҲûʲôãƼҹ˵ûʲôֵԡ
Ƽҹݳḻģĺټǧšš׾ԭѧԺѧеġƼ˵Ĳݻ͸ĽѾһżϳ˵Ĺ
ף򲻵׾ݵһġ꽣ѷɫ٣۾ˣ
ʼչʾ
ͷβعۿһ䣬ÿؼʱ̾Ϳ۽붴죬⡶׾һżƻĹڻͨľ硣
չǳģΣ
м̵ۣƪͲѿƼҲˣٳƨͨƣþ裬˹ȥǰ޴Ȼ̲㣬ԽԽ˥Ϊغ󣬾ҲԴˡ
κһ尲Ļ
Ƽҡ׾ֱڴƼҵ
첻̴Ļ˵ҸĽһ°ɣ
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𡶱׾Ĺ
ȫмһˣո䣬˶סˣΪָ޸ĵطǡǡǱ׾Ĺؼڡ
طүүҲȷʵǡ׾дĽһطֻүүȻ⣬ȴʼûҵ취
оȴûгɹ
쾹Ȼܹһƣ

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˼·ǳĶ׾ԽԽľԽԽе𺳡
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쳤Хһ
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Ӫſڡ
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С겻мƲƲ졣
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ǸĶ¹ôҲ
½֣Ҫ𣿡
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ʵߵǰŹվԱߣԵӪſͳ졣
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Ӱȡˮӡ
ҷ˽ѣʶһҲԵǰҲһɣ
֣Ǹģһ2ҩ
ţ22ҩҲ̫˰ɣ
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Ѳһʼ֪ҵݣ
ǴһݣѵǸˣݿǺܳġʵĻɾ˲ˣ


83 ޿
գûעһӵͨˡ
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쵱Ȼ֪ʵݣҲû𾪣޷Ԫʶ޷ˣȴ߱Ϊ룬һмǿ֣ĵرֱӹڣּĸֿɲ򵥣ԲʵҲأ
ʵ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ȷʵ֪ҵݡ
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ʵƺԸ̸Լ壬ֻǷǳʣ㻹ûңѪ֥ʲôأ
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ʵҳߣΪܱĿ⣬Ҳ뿴׽ѴԴ˷Լˡ
ˣҸˡһǺúñأɽתˮתǻټһ죡
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һһޣ˻ڶһɳԼ飬жǣңͷҲص뿪ˡ
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ͣڻѾܾˣȫͻƵϣΪԭԶԶӡ
˭֪ԻĲ
֪ʱͻƵƿ½һ־ͽƽˣڿٴ̧ͷıǮˣ
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ԣҲáʵҲգ֣ͨȥʵݣǲܵġ
ʼնû͸¶һϢ
ΪιĹðеջ⣬й¶ԼһЩؼƣ˵ӰԪ꣬뱻κ֪
ʵݲ򵥡
ݳ֮һ
ƽӹбξԸ˵ݳȥ֮·˳ܶࡣ
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ޣҪҲҪŮһܣСӹԼ·ˣ
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ΪйأԭҲֻǸų򡣡

ʿһһ
μҽñǣʿеܷ߿
屨ȫǶڿֲӰҹĶʹ졣
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ϹŴʦܽؼʱ̳μС㡣ӳָԼһ̣Χǳͻʱݻٵģ
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ӨӨ
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һôֳˣڻѰ·
Щ˸ոûٸ̳죬һ˶ŭҲɱģ
Ǹţ
ҡҶңҳû¹
һ֪Ҫ۵ģ
ĺһȥѾ˺Ƥˣôһؾøһɣ


84 ˺Ƥ
ŵȣ԰ͥԺһ岽һڣѲߣ䱸ƽҪɭϺü
ĳһ䰲ŵҩˮζ
һŴһʮŮ۽ţüʹ֮ɫÿһκǻͻᴫ˺Ѱľʹ
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ӨӨûסҿӺӿһСѪæëסͣظԵüΪܣһǿƽϢ
ӨӨʮǰȣһ㣬¹Сʮֲ԰ףû˿Ѫɫ
˿̣ƿԣҵĵġ
ǹӣ˲ϧ
ʱ⣬һŲӨӨɾѪȾѪëͷ棬ϱӣװ˯
ӨӨЩ𣿡
һԵ
ѣͰһҩİŮһҩڴϽ˰ɣܻƵģ
ӨӨ۾СһֹЦݣظ˵˯һҸоöˣˣʵô۵ģҵأôǹⲻģǰһɱңߣ
СѾͷ̧ͷ
̾һǿˣҩ
ۣʲôҩļһӨӨһͰ͵ӣܲܲȣ
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ӨӨԸ˹룺ڳҵĺܣϽȥ̻ɣ㲻ҪңչԼġ
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Яſŭ֮ƣԥ塣


85 նɱ
쳤ХһͷʯԪͷųԪ£۳һ̵ʯס
һȭ档
ڷ͡
Ƶľ죬ôһ
ȻʯͷֱӺѺۣҲ˺üұһʹܵһ㷴˺
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ΪҺˣӵнԪǺģϹƴӳĽԪ棬ܵһ˿عϵĺϢ
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ԶȥӰĿҲЩͻȻеĽӨӨˣСܱǿƣվǸŮˣһֱġ
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ȫϳǵ˶ΪˣʮѸôڵ˵ƨ


86 ֮ŭ
ҶһٶͱˣֻǶԳĨڣ쵹νôվڹ֮۵ˣЩССˣʲô
ʣ˸ϼƽʲô
췸Ϊһʱ֮ȥƴһ
ڲһҶŴҪȡڸвӨӨ
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첻ϲ鷳Ǳ˴ĵߣôǾԲõģ
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𱬵Сǰ;
㿴ϹƵȭһ֮£ǹᣬ񸲸һ㾧Ө͸ΣҸ㣬ھһʿҲɰſ£ǿǵ

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ԳߺʱͬʱоһּΣյϢ
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Ҷϳǲһȴ˱ճ


87 嵱˲
һɱҶϳʱȴ֪ǧ֮ݳǣҲΪһξ޴𶯡

ݳǣƼҸۡ
һλ׷ͯյİϣ˫۽գüͷ΢壬׹֣֯Ӷֳķġ

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ҶӶ裬μֹ߲ܺһǶǸŭԡ
һ漣ճݺҶϳһӣҶͷѪó޲˸߲ңֱȹڻϲ졣

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ҳԷæ̻ᣬӨӨڱŵϢûе塢͡Ϲƶˡ
Ϲһʹֵ߹§ųͺϴ㻹죬һȦͷˣϲ㰡Ϊ᳤̻ˣ
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óһöҩ㿴

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˵ҪɣǮ͵̻㣬ĲϷѲ̻ȱȱأǮԶ£һЩŵùˣΪ̻ᴢ˲ź͵̣ȴûǹȥʽ췭ظ
һҶ
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һǿһ̻ԣֻϾţһë
ľ޴⹦硶ǹⲻ塷˵Ҳ㲻ʲô޴Ƹ
Сɾûп룬ÿҪʮҵĲϷѣϹһȫ壬Ľʮֹ
һҡ
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ϹŰϬ޳Ϲر£ˣĵǰݳˡ


91 Ԫ
ϹƣڰϹ㣬Ϊ̻ῼǣ漣̻뷢չ׳󣬳Ҫ߽ǵһ
ϹһߣӨӨٰ֣æòɿ
漣̻ĵڶԪؾ漣ƵꡱѾ׼ʼӪҵ
漣̻Ὣȫ沼ҩͷҲͨȫ·ƽ衱ļƻҪؽͶʸϳǵҪ㳡ȹģװ·ƣϳǴһҹǣ
漣̻Ὣӭһξ޴ԾԷչ
һǮȨǽʵϡλӰʱܱƷᡣ
Ҷҳҡңʱܾ
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Լٵˡ
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⼸ʱ콫дصĴ1ҩȫƳ鵤͸á
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軹ҡҡͷǽ֮Ԫ꣬ӽԪʲôܲһȥսɣ
ܹоԪʵƺûһãеǳʧֻôһϻꡣ
ûκսֵ
ԪûԪһⲻǷԪ껹ʲô
κԪ궼дģԪǷԪ꣡ϸͻȻ뵽һˣѵ˵
跢㶵ʱ
ֽдһŤŤ֣Ȼչ迴һ֣
졢ҡ㣡
ޣ
ն꣬ͷֲԾׯһߺ죬ĿԲɣŭ˵
׽Ūң
ҿû׽Ū㡣ǿЧ棺ϸ
Ʋһֽʱִסˣʲô֣Ҵû֣֡ôܿǵ˼
㵱Ȼûм콫ֽһţԶŸߵȾ֡
Ӿò˼顣
Զž֣ôܶأ
˵ոѿڶԣҲԶžõĴ½
ϸ룬ԼոѿڶģȷʵƽʹõԣһԼޱİƫƫĽԡ

Ѿγɷһ
ԪһַǳԪ꣬źܶϵļ䣬Ԫ겻ǿѵԶżԽࡣԪ꾡ܲȴܴߴĶ֪ʶ
һʵ顣
һ飬ǰ
ÿһҳͣӣ̶̼Ӱ鷭ˡ
鱾ĳһҳĳһеϸݣԼ֪ԼʲôȴѿڻشѾμסˡ
Ȼ
ӵеĲսԪꡣ
һַǳǻԪ꣡
ԪҲǿмĹܣ߱Ŀı¡ҪȽϵĻС׼ˣ
鷭һ飬Լ֪ʲôԪѾһж¼ҪõЩ֪ʶʱԶͻᷴԵС
˵
һѧߣ
Դʮģ
֪ʶʵ̫ḻǳִ꣬ҪóĻû⡣˵ϷҪһˣܴӳѧ֪ʶһ裡
Ԫ̫ˣ
ó춼е㼵ˣ
ᶨͷ
Ĳ˵ԪڣԶŵļ䣬ʵԽԽǿѾԽԽ࣬˵ʱļ䶼ܸ֡
ӵгǰ֪ʶ
ӵԶʱڵļ䡣
Ͽǰ󣬾ѧӦǺ˸еڴģ
˵ӨӨΪǶͣͻƵҪЩʱ䡣
Ҳ⼸죡ҾֱӳѾͣһ¼˵ҴĲ棬ҪľöӤӤƳɻӤͻƵѾ磬öӤһһݡ
ӤĲ϶ܹ
ҩӤ⣬඼򵽡


92 չ
гӤĸʼݷΧڸ߼󹺣ЩϾܲӤϡУȴҲҩĲϣҪһʱ䡣
һ
ֻһˣ
ѵų״ǰƿӶһԾΪ˾ĻѾʿ
Ԫ곹ѡ
սʮֹ
ⲻϵ漣̻ǿȶ˵ĴشϵΪܾռϣ漣̻Ἰе
͡巢ϹҲڼȥռ
칦򣬾ռһ룬Чʻ㲻
첻ڳɵȣмеȵĹ㹻һ£һǳҪΪ漣̻չǲأ
ǲҪԴ
ﾡܲҩڳҶԻ൱̵ҪϡмĲҩһһ꣬һչҲʧǲݡ
漣̻ľ״ԶԶûﵽص
ƾźдһʾ޿Ҳ֧ˡ
뷨ǣȰظԤǲݼʧսǰ׬ʣס
ǮƱ֮ǴﵽĿĵһש
ΪøǿΪϣ
Ǯֵã
û̫Ծչƻڰǰʼ׼ĿǰҲ˹Ρ
ǲһС쳽̻ᡱеʲ̻һͲ̻ᣬһҵ壬鲼ĹרžӪԭ⣬൱ߵӰ
ǲ迪꣬ʵϲǷǳ
ΪǲҩЧƵͼʿĽˣЧĲкܶ࣬ԱȽϸߣǲ²ôʵݣǺܸߡ
ңĲϿɣؼֵ»ݵǲѾժ࣬˹ۿۣҲ˵ֻҪ۸ȫпչ
ܵķһչԴص飬û뵽ԷҲܿˡ
1̸ͬгˡ
2̸ʱպ
3صظĲ漣᳤̻뵽
쳽̻ˬ죬˾һ񣬷ϳҲţȥμ̸аɣ
򣬾ϳٶ
ȫ˿ﵽʮ򣬹ģʬϿȸĺʯࡣ
һҪĲתءΪСΧкܶԴطֲǲأֻһͨԴذˡ
辭оκͶԷ̻ᱳȷİȫ֮Ÿųһ̸еĵص㡣

һա
ա
ͭţݵʻڿĴ·ϣ·˼ˣ޲ܡ
ʮ˸˽޳һԣʼ׷棬ٶȲ첻Զƣ롣
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ϢƬ̡
ͭţؼ
һ³ᣬͷһ붯
߳һׯѩ׳ۣͷں㷢⻬գ΢΢һ˿Ρ
ʱһº΢
ѩȹƮ¶һؽ˵ȣһںڷ˿ϣָزɲǼķ飬˸еĿѣ
װûֳЩĿ⣬ˮһɨǰǡ
ĿǰվλãһϷ
ԶԶʱҰǼģǰһСزԭĿֱжʮڲǳƽһƽ
¹Űײٲڹ䣬ˮ֮䣬׺¹Ӱ洦ɼԴĸо
ڣˮԴ棬мСӣдֲԼĵλãΧǽӪأǿӺõǲݾǴġ
¶һĵ΢Ц̸ɣǲǾ͹ˣ
쿴һۡ
ͻȻŮҲͦס
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ȥ㿴ʲô
ֱ˵СЦӦöЦЦ
˭֪һ죬ɫЦҲһ°һ˵ҪôᱡҾͲˣҸӨӨһúƭô
ʱˡ
ŮǲʶȤôͱᱡأСڳϣŶЦ
Цң򣡡
Сವһ̾ϣֻצ³ͷԳһ
С
ҵģҵģ
ڸǲ˷
þҪȥѵ˭֪һɣʲôһ˸С﷢ƢҲ̫ûкˣ
Сͷˮ۾ӲǼһᣬǿ֮ɫ
ҵĴС㣿ָһƻСһֻС֪֪һĻʳܵһ£Ҷ챻ˣ
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Ǵ˵е壬ոճʱҲǲߵģ
Сë׵ԴСһԴȥԵüɣԽԽϲǲ׼۸
ֱԩ
Сģ۸㲻ˣ
Ҳˡ˵ϳɣôҪ̸УҿɲҪٵ
Сسϣʲô¶û
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ͷ
˵꣬ѧǰ飬ŲԭһַǳĲϡֲͷĿǰʯѾʼɣʦûʱ򣬾ܹʹõҲǺֵǮ
¶һЦݣʯͷôǲü򵥵ĻŶ
΢΢һ
Ȼ֪컰л
迪ѯʣͭţٶȺȻˡ
ˡ
³ɣ
³ᡣ
ģʯ࣬滮ҪϾݸصӣΧԴأʯλڱԵٽΣյʬϿȺͺС
Լص㡣
һžɫʿΧΧÿһ˶ֳֿӡŷƵıΧݶֳֹܿ
ǽأ
λ漣̻˰ɣһֵĴ߹쳽̻Ļִ¾롣
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һִ¶ôʵ
ΧֲձҲ˾ųɵĸ֣
治Ǵ̻ᣬĳݣһġ
һ´磬ʤѩʮ˺ʬ󣬶Ե÷ǳߵһ¶Ĳǰ
վ档
һһ٣ǰ


93 ̸
괩һɫϺ˿ҶƵѩ׹ߣͷϴһ֧֬һľ˿ȣϰŰǶʯıλһ͵Ĺ
Ӧò
࿴Աһλİ׷ˣĿͰ֮ɫŴʮ⣬޺ӣĿȴ͸¶һ˿թųʱĿֽһȡ
ž
һա
վ΢΢ȭû뵽漣̻Ļ᳤Ȼôһλ˵С㡣
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ûϢ
СһŮӶˡµˣһǸ棡
һ
Ʋע⵽죬䴩ۣһѲĹŽǻ֮ݣˡֱԣλ᳤ŮôһôĻ䲻λ᳤ķɣ
ƶ񡣡
߽һֻƵĲ豭£Ȼô˵ûжٹ֮⣬Ǿ쳽̻Ϊ̻ᣬôһС̸̻Уһܸӵ
λʲôˣ漣᳤̻ܻ졣
װû
һ˭֪ǲ˫ɡ
Գ᳤ҲжŵġһЩѰζЦ⣺²ݳǣȴһЩӢ۳ꡣ

鱨ơ
֪ΪͲֿ˵ˡ
һģС㡭
赭Ļش˵漣̻ḱ᳤᳤ͬǰ̸С
Сʮ궼ûУ漣᳤̻ܻ
Ⱦɫ׷ߣ
Լκһ˼ʣ
ƱûʲôʾѾ첻̫˳ˡ
ʾ⣬һͣƫƫñ˧ұᣬΪǿмƷŮ飬ɳԼҲἵʵġ
첻ǿʼ̸°ɡ
ʬܰ㣬ֱͦͦվڱ󣬳Ĭľһʯͷ
ãǾֱɡò˵˵漣̻δһαһνڸɴأǲݵν缢ƿʰ
̸ûʼϺôһס
޷쳽̻ڵλá
첻ϲ£żɽ˵ԣǲݵأ漣̻ȷʵ⣬ǿ۰ɣ
΢΢һ㶡
ֱԱ߱۵һڼۣһڽң
һڣ
ⲻǹ
ǲǲѾˣ
سֵǧңһ￪ھһڣֱǷˣ
Ҫ˵漣̻С̻ᣬ쳽̻Ҳõóһֽģ
ôʨӴſҪۣе㲻̫ˣ˵Ѿ˽ǲÿΪ쳽󣬲ҶѡڸƷǲѾԽԽ٣Ҳµǿ۸δҲ̫ûˣ
ҲһЦ
һڣ
ȥģ
Ӽǿ
쳽ֵ̻ܼҲָ߳١
͹δţ漣̻˼Ҫǲأ϶ǷҪɵɡ
һڽҵȻܣֻ̧ߵġ
˵˵һھһڣҪȫһ֧
ЩŭվǸû⣬ֺαطε̸룡
һֻС˲ϡ
ݺݵһĭԾƱʾ飡
һҵĸܸٺóԵģ
Ͷʱ¶ȤĿ⣺޼ͨԣǺֵĺǣ۸ϻǿġ
ֻСһͲʲôߵƷ֣ʹԶħ޺ᣬѪҲϡˣֵʮҡƳһۺߵ쳽̻᲻ǼƽϣһǧҰɡ֧ǧ򣬾ˣ
С죬ѩë
ǵǲܽܣѾòˣΪһϣ̸У˭֪һǧԼˣȴûгͼȻ쳽̻ûг⣬漣ֻ̻źķˡ죬߰ɡ
ƺȻһ䣺С
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һ˵ǻһҪ֧һöңǾܵõԴأ
ӿʼڣλϣûŲ˿ϱ鶼仯ֻ۹˱ݡ
ü΢
ǲܻԿġ
ֻ֪ʲôҪˡ
ƺٺһЦ˵ǲһأǰǽɣ漣̻ٷ֮ʮɷݣ᳤ܻ
һԴսϡأȡǰ;޵漣̻᣿
б޳ܵҪ
ⲻ̸С
ֱ
Ѿ˵ˣ죬ߣ
쳽̻Ļ˹ڳһ뿪ļơ
ɫ΢΢һ䣺ʲô˼
漣̻˵ҪչԴأڻû̸ߣĪϷˣ쳽̻᣿֪֪ÿ˷һʱ䣬Ǿƽҵľʧ
ֲҪĻҲ˵ĳڣ
˵Ҫߣԣ⳥ǵʧҲ࣬һǧҰɣ
ʱȻЦסصλϣС㣬
㻹Цó
ұôͳʽ̸⣬˵ĽҪͬ죬Ȼַʽ쳽̻᲻ϲǲ˳ǵĹ˵ʱվЦǺʣλǿҪǿǿװǿ
쳽̻鱨漣̻⡣
һ̸дǸӣ쳽̻һʲڽҵĴ̻ᣬȻĿǰչƿ׶ΣҪ漣̻¼ġ
Ȼ
쳽̻ỹ֪ǰϳǵش¼
˾Ʋ޿֡
ȰʶȤԳ첻ΪȻǿǿǸӣǿʳʱǿ߲Ҫɣһ켸̻һüǮʲô֪ģ
ǿǿǸӣ
ⶼʲô쵰߼
쳽̻ǿôһɽǰһư˵漣ĪĹ٣شȰץסᣬ͵źڰɣ
ûǴأ
Ҫװɵˣҵ޶ȵģûи̱޷߹ʺзһ¼һվǿаռǸҷһƨ𣿼ȻûʵͱҪҪ
˵úã΢΢˫Ŀһ˿â̫ͬ仰
ֱסˡ
Сǵʧķ
ƶúԣ˵ĲˣڿڣһһһǷֹǳȷ
ͷǳεĿġ
̸ͨдﵽĿģȻòˣƽֶνˣ쳽̻᲻ȡһЩֶΡ
ĳ˵쳽̻ǳĺΪʾǵ⣬Ըһǧչ漣̻ᣬ۸漣̻˵ǳˡ
Ƽգ
б
һǧҵκСС̻ͷת
һǧңǰ;漣̻᣿
ǳߣʲô
쳽̸̻лӣȴ˲ݵо
˲ýź͵
쳽̻Ͳ±
첻ŲæһڣҲֻͬô
ͬ⣿ɨһΧȿΧɣͲˣ
쳽̻ྫ˿ɱڵİסǳĬؾ۹һǿѹ
¶һ˿΢Це˼


94 д
ѹ쳽̻ô໤νҵ̸УһʼǱĵģ
ôɱƷŲ裬ƺϰ쳽̻Ļʮ㣬ƶ쳽̻漣̻ǿҿðɣ
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Ҳһֻ֮ܰˣ
ϳֵطжļ壿
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ǿˣƤӲ㣬浶ǹȹ֪
ײĲ᣿
Ǿͳȫǰɣ
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ӳܹٻ᳤Ը
ֻСۣս쳽̻ᣬ˵ô죿
ְ͸һѵ
ȥɣ飡
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֪ѡ˭ã޿֣Ϊ᳤߱һصǿʵͲһСС̻Ļһָ£
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졣
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ԶӦŶԷ˫־ۼƶںڣǿҵϢЯ֮
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ӲͷƤȥɢΧӵӣȫ顣

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쳽̻ḱ᳤Ľ
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ʧĿ⽥ñ䣬ӥһ㹷ƨʵ͸ǰʴʣ㹷ƨʵ͸вӣ˭ˣ
·һˡ
ǿֲƾɽХͷųöһ
һƻܾ
ǻѶأʮ˺ˣϢǴţȫһģһģѵ˵ʮ˸ǻʿ
ðһ亹
βߵ˰ɣ
һȺǵأ

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ֲбһ
Ȼ䣬ǹȻʳԶʣ
漣̻ξսҪٱһΣǾٸһλˡ쵹ǻȻ޾壺һôս
Ŀһ˿Ƶó֮ɫС㣬һսɣ
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ôĳ׿˵սֱˣ裺ˣСͲ𣿡
ץס컰е©漣̻ᷢѣ
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ԥҡûս飡
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Сذ΢һԪͻʹͣ
ʱҪ˵սˣÿһҹʹߣ
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㲻졢Ϲô̬ԽսȰ׿ˮһףͬȴܺɨųϵˣ
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˵С㣬ľͷ𣿡һڲ裬ͷغ㵹ǻְ
һţҡҲ֪ô򣡡
̲ȣߣ
䣬߳һţɲ

ˣֱ߷ڵء
С꼤צӹĹƣҲЦƯһжӾȣֻһȣ
һһڿԣ
ǿϷ
ŭ͹ŭ˻𣺡̫
ֳȭ
ľż㣬ȫƣ̳ȥó˸оԼ
飡
Ѫɣ
һηڵϣ
УУһʦôôأʽɢκһһͨһܱǿһΣ
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Ȼһսˣ
ôһսˣȴڳʱָ֮£һһʽԽԽģԽԽ˳֣ƽû֡
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˼
첻ܸȷָ׾ٵĶϤ㣬Ӳһսˣþƺ޻֮
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͸оһ⣡
ܳʵô۹ʦģ
У
ôȥƱɰϽվƶҪǣ˪Ը
ѾͿˡ
Ůûʵս֣ȴܰƵֵز밤˰˾ȭ׳ͷˣ
ˣ
һѶ̽ϸִģȻһǿһ˪Χһ㺮˪
ǿôƱ׵ɫֳֺĶ̽ҵ˪һ㣬˲ϢͻᶳɱҿôҶ
һݡ
ƹȻеƣѽ򵥣ôԸ


95 ǿǿ
˪ͷųԽԽǿ
֮ɫ費Ҫڸ翹ˣҪԸңұĹɷݣ᳤ݹִݻ
˪Ҳ
С㣬˵úã쵭˵ҪԼǿˣ̶ֳȹƨˣҪ˷ʱˣֱӸɵ
ô
ıǿ
ʵ̫죬̫ȱʶԼ֪Լжǿ
ǲƭҵģ
˵ұǿǾһǿ
֮ɫʱʧȡ֮ɺͱӡ
仯þƾñˣı˿ҲƲסŭ𣺡ҳȫ㣡
˵ıݺݴ̹ȥ
ǻӿһ㣬ǹǵĺûа취͸
ͷ۳壬Сǹⲻȷʵ
ǿҵǹ
ž
̽Ķˣ
˪ʧȥ壬̷˶

Ƶɴ۾ֵش󺰣תҪߣѾˣ˪ֱӷ˾壬һ
һ۷壬֮£ǹⲻ塷ϵƸͲĶ֡
űҲһ
ƶʹʧɫͬʱ֪鲻Щ쵰ıٻ᳤
ž
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ǾʵְźõİţֻҪ̸һѣͻѲ豭ƣôڸˣ̾ͻһӵϣóӦ˲佫ǻ׽¡
ʱ˿̸̣ǲܳɹǾֶɡ
һٸԸЩˣ
Ͳţ
ˤŷ˲䡣
ಣ
˷
򲻹ѹôػλΣһ°ںú۾ʶʶ漣̻ʵɣ
ʮ˸˾ϯ
ֻһ˲䡣
мʸ׷ױ䡣
ʮ˵Ӱʮ˵ӰѱٶȱϮ쳽̻˶ɵˡ
ɣ
費جΰɣ
ʮ˸˾ͻʳ㣬ȻЩУɲǼǶϽ۵һƬ


ͶͶ
龰ŵһ¶ֱ飡
ʮ˸ȫ߱ʵĶǻѶأһָûκ쳽̻ĴգۼȫڵأһУڰҽУ
ȫ쳽̻ؽľ񰡣
ȫûˣôȥ᳤ܻ
ס֣͸վ𣺡̸ˣ
˵ֻ̫ôһѱɨڲϣһѹӲѹصλϣºú̸
ʼλһڤķڶԷϣûѣҪٶһ£ͷ
ͻһʯ㣬亹˵ϡԣô
ʹһ
һֻӶϡ
콫ڴ򿪣ƷԪʯҲҪչǲأڲ򸽽вƲȫңһëʣ
ǾӨ͸ƷԪʯ
΢㣺Ԫʯ
Ԫʯ½ͨõӲͨ
Ĺ¹棬ûԪʯԺټԪʯ⣬һƷԪʯļ۸һңʵںСгԪʯ۸ڱһ
漣̻һСг̻ᡣ
ôôԪʯ
ȻǺܲģ
̻Ȼ򵥣
ǣٿƷԪʯ쳽̻ڴ˵ȫʲⲻô
߳ŭٿԪʯгֵң쳽ֵ̻ǧʲΣǲͬģ
ٿƷԪʯǺġ
漣̻ϵǮ㣬бٴǧ
챾Ǵ㽫ٿԪʯΪԤȵԴ׽֮ʱ֧βҲϽ̡
˭֪ϼһ̲漣̻ͷ
ϲǿǿİϷǰɣ
Ӿ棡
ģµ񻹸ţ
첻ͷӾһƣֱȵ˵ϣ°Ͳ㶼Ѿˡ

;һֻǱϳ棬ڵϼѵ䶯š
ȥŭĿӣɷ
߸һѪˮһֺ߱٣
ʲô٣ûĻǿǿһһϣݶţѪǱѡ
ֽǿǿǸӣ㶮ûʵͱҪ
˫ش
Ͷ챻ˣױˣҡܲټӵ㣬Ǯ̫ˣûȥ᳤ܻһɱң
ȥģȻ٣
ذѾһϹͷضڵϣͶһ
Ҹɣ
ȷʵ࣬ټֶһٶĻŲ棬˲ϻɭֱӸһƤǻİɣ
֮ǣǸҾܾһٶ뿴̫ˡ
ֶŵɪɪ
ڻҲŵ亹ֱð
˰ֱǶħ
ǰ޺ӣȫװģ
쵰ϻ
ģưӷַӼʮ£ڸ˷ʱ䣬ҪزҪأһ仰ˬ㣬Լѡɣ
ӳɱһݽɫпܻᶯֵġ
Ϳɥ˵һǲֵǧ򣬸ʯ󳡻쳽̻ᣬֵܼҲа˰һǧ֣ôȥ᳤ܻ
ҿɹܲţǱú̸⣬˭ӣֻʵ壬Ұģλˣðϲʵ˵Ӿ͸ǽʵ
㡭
־ڤ£ǩԼͷأ
ʲôԸ
ʲôԷ٣
쳽̻ʵдգ
ǩ
ǩ
Ȱס˵
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ߵ˾ǼͷҪһٲſ£ǲʶôǩ
˫óԼ飬ӲͷƤǩ֡
һǲأʯɽȫ漣̻ᣡ
ģҲһС˼Ȱס˵ֻҪܻŻȥ취һ˾ˡ
Լ
ͷ𶳽ľƣͷ˵ԼѾǩˣǿ𣿡
бƲô߲ڸˣ۰ɣ
æ˵ңң
ңҿ׼һȥ̷ˣ쳽̻Ҵҵɿ϶Ҳܸ棬ҿֲˡ˵Ǯòأҳ׳ҵˣ
͸⡣
ۼֿͳһöɫҩǿȥס죬ȥ
ͻź㡭ҳʲô
¶Цݣڻҩʦī𣿡
ڻҩʦݳҩʦ֮һرͨƸֵ޽Ķҩô֪ܲ
Ǻڻҩʦİոĵ
ɫʱò԰ֽ
ոĵպա
Ȼ֪ģ
˵̺ʴ֮һ¶̻жʴĶһֽ޽ľ綾˴˶Ҳް취
ʴĶǲɱˣʴʹܳʱпĥ֮ฯö
ߵõľǰֱ˿죬Ҳһȥ
ЩҩǵʱڹĹ棬īӵʬѳģΪûʲôãʱóˡ
ֶҡ
ˣ
ǲҪʴĶǿԽġ˵ʱ򣬻Ȼһתӽ󣬹ԹȻᶨڸǽҩ򲻽գһܵĵʹ࣡
ö񶾵Сӣ
Զˣ
ͱ߽ӵŭǵɿܣҾҲٳ̻棬б¾ɱң
ͦйٺһЦ治ͲǩЭˣװ⣡Ųҷ㣡
ͻһȻ˵Ҫʲô
ˣˣɥҳ屡죬һԭ򽲵׷Ե·ˡ췢չֵزҲźҵģ
ͻȻһתøˣ
ø
ǿԴ
ǿԶ
ͷβǻ°һ㸣
ĳܽǰʧĿųԶһ㣬ڱҿƣҲͳΪҵ߹Ҫ֪ҪǸˣǲģ뵱ҵĹһͬأ޳𣿡
͡߷
˶
ûôģ
ͿɥŸ˵ǣǡ
Ͷԣ߹йͷ컺ؽջڣʱ⣬Ҫ̸һ⣡


96 ʯļֵ
˻Ƶغμ̻ԴѾԻȥٵõκζ
Ҫôļ򣺡ǲȣҲôһһ롣ڲһˣǱźӮ̬ȣú̸̸ģ
Ӯ
Ź֣
ھѾһˣֱһ̰µĶħ
Աҡҡͷ
ĥ
Ҳ̫ˣ
һҲʲôöֻгĸݵˣܳԶǡ
Ҷɣ
ڰ֣;սսҶ
ô콣üһӣǸҲӣ
û
һɪɪһѪҪǱжǱСƨɶȫϱ˶һ
ոշ飬ǻ೶ƽ¶һ΢ЦȻ̸йе㲻죬ģ
ϻ
ܲô
ٿԪʯֵǧʲ
Ų˵ĸأֵ˵Ҫ̸һ⣬Ҫ̸ˣԣٲ˹ͷǿУ
͡ħĻ
Ͱʮ˴ʺһ飡
ҿͳһƿ浹ŵҩ̻ƣٲˣһöܳΪ徳ʿ޸ã˲Ч

⣬ɻһ
漣̻᲻¼ȡóɾͣҲô˵ͻ
¼һȡóɾͣ޲Ҫǳ̣
漣̻Ȼ򵥡
Ե治ԩ
ͺɾʣʲô
˵ֵҩһУгֵӦúֻҪ㳴һǧң㶼ȥ

ҩЧ˵
Ǵĺö
Ϊʱǲϧɱģ
ĵҩܽʡһޣһȫ㣡
˵ҩΪ棬澡һֱȽϡҩģȴǿҩ֪ζʲô𣿡
ɫˣҩʵ
ֱǲ˼ģ
Ϊҩ޲ҪԪҩƣҩҪǧ꣬ࡣ
ƹΪĵҩ
Ԫ鵤
罫ҪƵĻӤ
ֵҩЧܷǳǿҩǼϡҩ󣬲õģʹܹ߼չҲʵ
޷ĵҩ
ȻҲͲʺҩˡ
һҩϡϡȴܹռӦӶʵ
ҵǶ˵ļֵԪ鵤ӤҪߡ
漣̻֮ȴûҵʵĲ˵ͻȻһ٣쳽̻ĹĲ̻֮һ㵽㹻ҩġ
ֱ롭
ͷǺɣ
һ޴̻
ܳĺ
ոǿԴ֮£Զ޷ܳҪǿаѲҲòհ찡
һЭ飡ƻ󣺡ӽ쳽̻ὫΪ漣̻ĹӦ̣쳽̻漣̻зǮһ׬أ
쳽̻ṩĲԽࡣ
漣̻ҩԽࡣ
漣̻ҩԽ࣬쳽̻ܵõر
͸еЩţ˵ģ
쵭˵Գؼʳԣǣ
ϸ˼롣
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Ҳýܣ˭Էأ
͸еһУͷãԸ쳽̻ᣬΪ漣̻ĲϹӦ̣
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Ȼ˵ûѹե쳽̻ᣬǵг۸չͬʱŵֲƷһֺ
Ժתһ㡣
ʺ˳ʵʩ˵ܽ
˵漣̻⣬Ҹ˻ҪһĻݺ͵žʯ
΢΢㶡
«ʲôҩ
ҩȻ漣̻սԼĲϣܶഢͶഢĻݡžʯʲôã
Ļݣžʯ¶һ˿Ϊ֮ɫⶫȽϡԼ۸ȽϸߣƽʱôҲ쳽̻ᴢҲ࡭
Ǯһͭ嶼ٲǣȫŪף
ˣ
Ҫɡڤ׻𽣡ȾҪڤĻݾڤòϣ۸ǲݻöࡣ
ڵžʯȻá
ûǮ𣬸ûиĴ㣺һǮһֻ
һʱɿϡ
𶼲
һ漣̻ˣһͭ嶼ջ
ǣʲô취أ͸ʳҪôⲻô
ôˡ
˫һ£Ǹһ䡣
ⳡ̸оͽе쳽̻Ųбܽţͷɥ롣
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ںƲƲ죺Ըˣ͸ֶΡ
Һܺ档ˮĿƲѾöǣΪʲôҪǹƽ
С㣬һԵ·˵ˣöҲǳΣ֪֪ҵıǴ𡣡
ޣ˵ģ
ǿвȡõġԣһͷһܻڰȫĲ˵
ͷǱġ
ôָǺúΪ£
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ڼĻڤ𣬷ڤ׻𽣡˵ʧܸ
Ųһ䣺ʴĶֻһ㱣հˡݻûܽⶾʴĶͲҶˣС
һ˿ɡ
ʩ
ͷ
Ըܿƫƫͷ侲ʲô飬ԭ
Թʱؽϣʱѣݲɳӣȴּԭ
ìܣ
ǳìܣ
⵽һʲôأ
跢ŶԳʶԽԽ͸ˣ
С㣬Ȼҳú˧ҲһֱҰɣ
΢һڣ飡
һЦߣȥǵµ̣
ͭţǲǲعģܴǲݵģֻĵһСƬڿӳü
ʯģ϶̫
̺Ҳ࣡
ǲزǳޣֻǿάּǰԴ֪ܲܽ壬ôδϣǲڷˣ
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ã
á
ǲĲֿʮƷǲݣг۸Ļʮֵˡ
⣬С
ЩǲݹҲ˵ܰѹΣǲ˵׳ˣΪҴ¼ι̵ĸ
ǲǲݡ
ǲǴʥҩֵ򱶣
½˼⣬˭аһҩ
ôǲ壬Чֱ޷ģٲҲȻΪţ
þ룬ָһ
˵ûǸûȥˣ
ʲôգգ۾һջŶǲֻ֮һ
货ĦĻü΢һǡʯ
һָСȻѩ
첻ʲô飬뷨Ͷ
ڳ쳽̻ʱоѾֻɣ첻Ҫǲأ˳ǣѲʯɽ˹
Ȼɽģ
ɲʯֵǮ
̰֮ѡҪʯɽһ㺬壡
ʯĪ;
ɽһ¶󳡣ģǳӴ󣬺üֿ棬ѻŴʯ
ʵҲǵһμزϡ
ʯĲʷǳأʯַʯ⻬
һȭͷĲʯӻͳһ֧ɫʯʣֻüʮӣһӵ1󷨡
ʲô
ѿзʯȼ󣬶˵ԣ
ͷԪ淨˵һ䣺ι
ι
һ޴صڲֿ⡣

һæѲʯ׿
óѣĵĴЦһŻعǳų˵ʲô
һ󣬱ֲϲܷã콫ʯŲʯʱʱʮֱֹһֻô𺳰ɣ
費ͷû뵽˵ܱô󣡡
˵ʵʯһַǳصĲϣԶҲͷųԲ򸽽ֹ֡󡯽ǲʯһ÷ѣʵʯļֵԶԶš



ܱʲôأ
˼·ⶫãװһǻسǡ
̧üӾĲʯͭţϣʮ˺˷ֱżǲݺͼʯһζ䣬˿ʼݳسǡ


97 ǹӵķŭ
ջɡ
죬ҰһƬɫ
͡һưܣҲǱǶ־ǶϽţżǰֱ˰սӻĲбܽ
ͣסŲͷתһﶼţεͼۼԴ᳤ܻ֪󣬱ȻҪ׷ġطӦ֪ڴ
ص̾
һٶңͺ;ƶǻ᳤ܵܺӣ˶һ𷣣֮ǣùˡ
ɥʦ裬Աдˣ
鸴˵¼˵һشĥѣֻҪ־ɳǣôһصء
ƴͷɥ˵ˣôأѲɱȥǳˣ

ⲻǳô
˭Ըħţ
Ǻ޲жԶԶ
ƺѾ뵽ˣңǲغͲʯɽǲԭµΪ֮ƣֻһ취

ô
ô£ôס
ʯɽܴܴ󣬵ǿض᳤ܻҲ֪ǰѿɽˡӲתŹܴǲأԭǧңֻң̻ʧֻܴ취ˡ
Ҷ
͵˼ˡ
ȻǮǾԼɣ
Ϊһԣһᣬҧ˵׼ĿǰܶĻóܹһǧңѾҵļˣʣĿʹҡ
Ҳ±𷣣ΪСǰ;Ǵ£ʱֻǮ֣ҰеǮóԼң
˵ҳһ򣡡
ҳʮ򣡡
ҳʮ򣡡

һٶ˻մգմճһǧ˰ټӳܹǧİҡ
Ѽ飡
˿жٱ㡣
лλֵܣܹһǣ
᳤ʲô˵ˣ
ⶼӦģ
һٶѵܻԼͨڹǮﹻңŸһصݳǡ
͡ƴĵǲųġ
˵ʲôôͷʵ̫Ʈˣ
쳽᳤̻ܻһ֪˻æ߳ȥӭӡ
쳽̻Ļ᳤ҵ߹ߣӴľϲţݼҲͽĴ塣
ơ˸ո뿪ǰȥ̸С
͵õϳǴϢǿնɱҶҳϳ죬ϵҶҹʮλϼɲǼ䶯ݳǡ
漣̻ӣ
ֱһҩͰ
͡ƣһȼ˻ҩͰס
ľ˵죬󱻳ֱɱڲ򣬳峤϶ɱǼƨ
˭֪͡ƣȻˡ
ˣʱȵʵôˣ
Ϊ·ŻսһƤëˣҲ¡ͲȾʣ̾ͽԭʯͽҿó漣̸̻йУ漣̻ʵԶԶʱֹԤƻǲء
ǳһҿǼ飬ճˡǲض쳽̻ṩҲߣȥҲ޹ؽҪ˶Ǯ
ƻشܹǧİң
ΣշõôǮҲ٣ˣеԾҪмһ飬ӽ쿪ʼҪ׽Ӵ漣̻ˣ
㶵ΪΣ
ǻ֪ݳǴ÷зˣ첻һӣĴ嶼ɱĴһȺˣñܶԶ֮
ӣ

Σշӣ
赹˵
͡޵鶼ˣ֪峤϶ɱʲôȥթ
ٴ򰤵һ㲻ԩ
ȥϢɣ
ǣ
͡׼뿪
ʱ򣬴մһޱȵĳйɼ˿ҰǿϢȻ񷡣
Ļƿ϶
ܲľϲ
һ㡣
ͺȻ˵ǿô£
ѹȸǡƺ뵽ʲôǹӣ
ƸϽʣǹӲǸҶڿżôôǰˣ
ݳգһͷ޴ޱȵĽϿգһɫɽͣųҫ۵ĹâÿһƬë̺ǿ

ǹӵ
ǹĻˣ
Ȼ򣺡֪ˣϳǵŭҶңԾǹӣǹǰ׼ϳǵĳ쿪
ˣ
ˣ
͡ƶһң̱ڵϣ
ǹԶϳǿ컹Ҵ
Ĵ֮һžޡĪϱҪηɵ֣
ҪǱɵˡ
ǻܻ
һˣ

ҶӶܶ档ǧӶڵأǾη֮ɫ·һ㣬ֻһվԣҲǸױȭһ̬ȡ
񾭹Ͽա
һӰû㣬̤£롣
һ쵽꣬Ұԣ˫Ŀư㣬ֻҪһۣʡ
Ϣǿ
ǹӣ
ؾ磡
һλֲĳţսǳ£ݶĸ֡
ǧҶӶ̧ͷλ콾Ϲâ̫ҫֻۣ»ǵ顣
˵ͷȥӭųع飡
ǹĿ䣺Щأ
߸սսҶ˱ϳǱϵ߸ԭҶԺյĳϣȻһΪͽ䣬Ϊϵ룬Ҳ޷ָǰˡ

ΪǱ𰡣
С̫
Щƺǳ£󣬿顣
ˣԻɱǹǵĿɨˣһŨѪɱ


ƺʶʲôæҪߡ
̫ˣ
ǹһλӰ㣬˲䴩߸塣
߾ͬʱ˺ѿų߶ʢѪ
üߣ

飬мǹӵˣ岮֮ڣ붼ɱˡ
ǹմѪ˫֣͸©һŨŨѪ֮⡣
ûһۣƺϵǵĽߵǹԣ˵ǵ鱨ϳϹϹԮһλϹҵĳϹȥˡ
Ϲҵĳϣʲôʱ򣡡
øովݡ
һӶѣǺѹˣҲҵҶңϹұҲã
ǹһΡ
գڽɫ֮¡
ƺо˵Ŀŭ˫ȻһչϳǷȥ
죡
ڵˣ
չ뿪ݳǣǹӷŭȻصڳǳصϿգÿһ˶еľ
ˡ̫ˣ
ϳСС漣̻ᣬܳסĿŭ֮޳죡


98 
ݳǺ䶯ʱϳҲһ¡ٿһᣬ֣ҩꡢƷʢҵ
ϳһķ̻ᣬ;߱ھһµͣҵ٣ж¼Ӱ𽥱ˡ
漣̻ǿ̻һȫµò
塢͵ļˣϳǳڴ
ʱȫˣ
̻Ǹһչڳǵǰˣ
·һٿᣬӦϳǸý壬һɳ飬ȫǷΧڶ¿ŵ̵
ϳĹ㳡ϡ
ʮ̻ԱͣƷĵĳˣܶ·˵ע⡣
ףⲻ̻Աô
̻¿ҵĴӣǲӦúæΪʲôܵˣ
쿴ǿŵһ޴󻨶״Ķʲô

ֳһЩۼ˾ȷ֣̻ԱΪһ飬ǰü翸һ޴״壬绨״վں棬ͶԲͲ״Ŀӡ
ͻȻ˵
Ϣ
Ϣ
̻¿ҵ
ֳͨƷһɰ۳ۣ
ѳ10ңҩˮһƿ
ƳʯƤڻУ
ڰ漣̻ĻԱܸŻݣĶĶ򵽾׬
һֲХˣƺƵϯ㳡ľ޵㣬˲𺳳ÿһ˵ࡣ
̫ͻȻˣ
ֱһ
ЩСں׼֮£ûŵιȥ
Ҳ̫󣬸˷ֱѷɫħޣ¾һܹ
ּߴ͸
ʲô
ǲܷôģ̻ԱĶ⡣
ڰ
̻ԱһǰһߺŹ㳡һȦֵ߽֮ϣ޲ʯ
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漣̻Ȼָһ˵ķ
Ǿ޴״Ȼһȣһܰʮϰٱĳȣ
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ɳ˵Ķ飬һʮȣϳǸֵطѲѲصĺըԵı
ʱǰδеģ
Ȼַ򵥴ֱ޲פпע⡣
ըʽﵽͼӰЧ
̵̻꿪ҵ˲䣬ּڴȺڣ˲ɽͨضÿһ˶۽ȥԵ̻ᣬֻȡĿս
ҩˮǱƷ
ر䷽ġ
ҩذƷʮţΪǧң
ƷذƷʯƤֱӾͷǧţÿű۸ߴʮҡ
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Ҫ˵ǧңһңݴҲǵϳǵĲƸˮƽټΪٽǰŰѼ۸͵㡣ֻԼΪλй򣬲ظ
ʯƤһ͵ķʿʹʯƤ㼡ƤͻתɼʯֱӱҲܵ˺ֱӶð߱رı
Ʒոշ̱Ԥһգһëû¡
Щģ޲ض㣬ղѡ
ϳһҹٴκ䶯һҹ֮ϳǷҩƷгȱݺڴҧһ飬˶ֲ
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޲Ϊ漣̻̾

Ͳϲ֡
Ļǰ򣬳컹ʲôõģ˵һ˦ƹʱһֱڷǱоʯ
ʯڳѾ̭ˣ½ѾʹãΪһı½Ŀʯʱھ߱Թļֵ
ֵ߸ʱĲƷԲʯΪԭϴġ
Ŀǰ̫ˣ첻ϰ̫ǰصĶֻѭ򽥽ȥоȰһЩֲڶϵĶĳ
磬̻ĳȡ
ʵȽṹǳ򵥣ǿӡһԪ󡱶ѣټԪṩͨҲܷѷɫħľ޴
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ⶫṹǳ򵥣ǳʺͶò˶೤ʱ䣬᳡ȵȣȡ
Ƚṹ̫򵥣˺ױƽ⡣
쵹Ҳ⣬Բʯ˿أΪʯܳΪȵĲϣǲʯ߱ǱһоǴ졣
죡
죡
ͳƳˣ
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˷ܻش˵ʯƤգʮҵ룬ټҩƷһʱӪոߴʮң
ʮҵӪգ
⻹һѣ
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Ҫǣ̻ʸߵˣ
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˵һЩ̻ڵгУԸߴһңһ̻
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һǳ𱬣1༸ʮңֱ̻ӱ۶ʮңм۸ǼʮȻǳܻӭΪɾӣ
ɵúãһ·ǵĵҲˡԴʮ⣺ǵø͡Ƕֵ죬ЩǷҩʦᡢʦԴǣܸúúñ𱨴𣡡
㵱Ȼó콻
ѾˣǸ漣̻ģ漣̻Ǿĵģ
˵ҩǳ𱬣ЩˣŶӶҪһСʱҾֻܳ𱬵ĻǿԳԽꡢҩкϲٽƷƷһۺ̳ǡ
ʲô뷨ȥ֧㣡
ϸʣͱʾǿ֧֣ȻǷǳеһЩж
һһϢҪ㣡ͣһ²˵ҪĲϣѾȫˡ
ģ
һϲɫӣȻԶ̻սˣĿǮԶԶûʵҪʺԴ޷ǴﵽĿĵһֶΰˡ
ϼˡ
ʱƻѵˣ
һ̶ȣ׼ǰȥжʱ
ͻȻһԺﱬһѹĳһѡͬʱоˣǳĬĶһЦӱ˴۾￴㵺;ϲ

ԪϢ
һϲ°
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ӨӨչһܣҲɹ۳ԼԪ꣬ʽĳΪ۷ʿˣ
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ȥӨӨ
鶼׵һߣ˵һʱܵӨӨԺһ


99 ֮Ԫ
ӨӨ˼֣峺ˮӣƺ׺ǹ⣬һλðϢѩ׽ۼϡ
ϾһȾ
¹ʳ˼̻ɭǵľ飬Ⱦ˿۹öһֳ׵ʡ
ι㿴ʲôأӨӨֳ컵۾ղ΢΢̣ݺݵвٿСҲ۾Ŷ
úݣȻģ
ʹļ׵ӣһ⵽鱳ѵĳպ
ǹˣԳ׾ӸݼеĵĻõӨӨʲôԪꣿ
ԪʿǱ츳
Ԫ߽ĳɳ̶ȡ
һԪ꣬ôһӳɾͶޡ
ѵԪ꣬ԪǳϡУҲʺĹע޷Ϊһսǿˡ
ܸġܸġ
Ψ겻ܸģ
ӨӨʲôԪأϵһӳɾͣеһЩš
Ҳ˵ǿһ֪ˡ
ӨӨһžС΢壬ͻȻ˫͵غʮʼԪֻǵԪ⻬ɢУ۳һģľӡ
һ޿򾵣徧Ө͸ˮֱɣôһ֡
Ԫꡣ
ǾԪꡣ
ôϡŹֵԪꣿ
æʣоʲôͬ𣿾Ԫʲô𣿡
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Ϊʲôôûأ
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Ԫһص㣬ǿǿǳĳ̾һĺˣľһ𣬶ģң벻ѣ
ӨӨһϲǿ̫ˣ׷߳첽ǰ˵飬ȴ
ʣѧ⣬ģ±Ķ𣿡
Ȼԣ˵Ԫųԣ
ͷųԪꡣ
ӨӨҲͷųԪꡣ
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˸еǣӨӨ棬ȻͣԪ꣬澵ˮ㻺ڻһˮγɵ顣
¶֮ɫԪ궼ģ£
ˣʵֲ̫ˣֱ찡
ԪǲȫģµģֻʱƶѣԼվԼģģԪǲȱģֻܻһЧûгɳĿռǱ
һʵ飬ó
ӨӨͬгǿȻв࣬ӨӨֻģ»صԶż䣬޷þԪģµġ
ӨӨüЦ˵̫ˣнѧϰǰÿ쿴Сʱ飬ʮӾܸ㶨ˣҶܼǵεأ
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콫ħԪͷų
ٺ٣ҰıҲѧ
ӨӨıþԪȥһ룬룬롭ӨӨоԪĹУһǿҵƣУʱԽƣԽǿ

ԼڰʱӨӨһԪʱˣиƵĽԪҲʧˡ
ӨӨһ˵ϡ
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ҡҾͷΣ
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Ԫ겻ȫܵġ
ܸƵĶһ޵ĴڣǿԪ޷ˡô˵ӨӨģ+Ƶǲģ
ӨӨӵкܶ಻ͬԪܶǲȱģʤ
ǰһֱǱ̫ڿǶġԪֽ׶ûʲôսӳɣʵԽԽǿЧѷɫκԪ꣡
Ϣ
ȲҪŪԪˣ
ӨӨӨӨڴϣɫûһѪɫЩǲǿģģ³֮Ԫ꣬˵ɺǿĸ˺
оôˡ
ңҡҶˣ
졢趼Ц
Ѿͷ񾭴
ӨӨЦ̲˵˼ұչ죬ÿͿһ
úúãҸóԵȥ
뿪󣬳ڴ
ʱһֻС֣ӱڳϣһ޻
죬лл㣡
΢΢һ㶡
ܾӣر
ĵûе٩ȥƬ̵ܰһʼһԽԽõġ
죬֪µˡӨӨڱֻ¶һ˫Ĵ۾զǽߵᷢչʲôزҺͽ㶼һֱ֧ġ
һЦĸһɣҴǿһȫʱ
ģ
˵أ
ӨӨСǵſ׼ţŶ
ӨӨģ˵ĻǾһͷ̤ʵ
ѵĲѾˡ
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쳽̻ҲӦѾڤĻݣԤҲִ֮
Сǹⲻ塷
սСڤ׻𽣡
ΪͻƵѾ磡
ӹɣʵʮֹ
־Ź滮ʱȻҴҵܽԳ˵ϹʹˣϽȥ


100 ͻ
ϹĹ֮һǹëѪĲЭĹսڹ귢չι̣ӰԶȨƵļ֮һ
ϹʹߣôһСǣ˵ĺ䶯
ԭ˵
ȻΪ
Ͻ
Ļʹڣʮźɫ׵Ϲһ˿ĻܣһʮҵߣϺɫֳۣһȣųƶֿȵϢ
۾Ŀȴ棬ֱӡ
ͷΪߣ±Ϲ㻹ǿ٣
ʵѾ֮ڣҲͬʵ׶Σѳ̶Խߣʵ͸ǿ
һصΪѾڣΪꡱ
صΪѾڣΪԻꡱ
صΪѾڣΪꡱ
Ϲ۷ʵҴڡꡱڵ״̬Ϲߣʮа˾ѾﵽԻꡱ״̬ˡ
࣬ʵԪ༫
Ҫһ㣬ϹϣΪǳϹ㣬ֻһߵ֮𣬷ǳԡ
쵽
ſߺ
һӢ߽
ɫ£С׺ӱĿǳǳŵĴʣǶһԽλĸо

һֻϵ䣬ÿһϼ죬һĻħֻҪһȫȻѻȸ
ʮ˺վڴ⣬ûиų
Ŀ׷׾ۼڳϡ
ҲֹͣƷ裬Ŀ⣬ɨʱеһǿѹȸС治ԻڵĻѾǿߣԪûͷųȻǿѹȡ
ͨ徳ʿҪ˵·ˣ¾վŶһѵ顣
΢һ٣ͻȻδ
ϹԳֺ⣬վϹϣλ˾ǳ죬Ҹոոᵽĳš
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˼ǣȲҪ˵
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췢һ⡣
һģ˴ȴԵʮ裬ĳЩҡ
ڲƺôŽᣬϹ壬벻һϵìܡ
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üͷһ塣
о飬²ôˡ
㲻˵Ұ˵㲻ǵＸ壬Ͷ·ѰٱɡѣϹЦ˵ȻҪϹұǾӦóĳ⣬ֻгЧϹңǲſǸӻôټ㣡һ˿䣬;̸ˣϹţ
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ˣĲŻеģֻǷԡϹǳ˵ɣΪӣ뿪ݣͲٵļѰ𣬶ϹҲΪ뱾ìܼԴҶá
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ϹӿɫԪԪͨԪͬһɳܵҺˣʮֱˡ
ҽԪô
ϹϹ壬ӵдĻԪ꣬Ԫܻҽмµƻ
Ϲҽǣ嶼󼸱һҽ˰㡣

Ϲ塶칦ʮְԵ̰ɣ
һԾӽԪҲͷųڱûһֻǣӴ󣬻̤˫Ŀ棬߸һ˶ޱȵľ
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Ϲˣմսĸغϣ죬ŰȻƽɫ¡
ϹкȻ˲ʮ࣬һΪȴ֮ߣȻǿϹУҲûм
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ħǣ
Ĵ֮һǹҶǣ
޲˺ȻѹִȻǴĹУλǹҶǣ


101 
λǿ߽ϳˡ
Ǽֱţ˾Ȼǿֵز
죬ߣϹԳ˵ڵǳϹƥ򰵲ػģҶǸ˵ģ
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ֽĴ飬˲ĿصĻҳƬʵ˵Թȥ
ҶǱõ˺ü
Ϲһ˿Ѫ
ɽԪȻǳ
䲻ǶԪ꣬ȴ߱ǳȿ񱩵ΪӵлɽԪ꣬ϹԪͬʿۺ
ϹӵлɽԪ꣬Ȼڻ۷壬ƻȫܺɱϵԻǿߣ
Ϲǿ
ֻϧ˼壬Ϲ̫࣬ļ֮ڣƾ츳һܻĹһȡ
ɽԪǿǿȴһ㡣
ɽԪ߱Ŀֲƻͬʱ߱ۺǿԪɽ޷緢ģ
ϹͷųԪܣԵֵҶȫһ
Ŵһȭȷʵ˺ܶ࣬Ҷǲִӭܽˣ
ɽԪֻڱһ˲ϹӵмǿսԪƽʱϹͻøͨظûʲôˣ
Ϲӣ
һУ
ʳ
ħǵԪ꣬ҶһԾ𣬾ȻձֻСǣ
ÿһֻСǶ׽ĺӰٶϹ߸ӹ
飡
Ϲ㱳һƣ
ͣ
Ϲؿڰһצ
ʱ䱻Σֻͬʱ˹׼˺ҧϲͬλãϹѡֻͷųɽԪسȥѵƣ
ȻɽԪ緢
ĻɽԪһ㣬ƺƵɨֵʮڵʯ棬ȫѿ̺µĻɽԪճ״̬
Ϲ㱬һ
һκûᣡ
ҶںԪǣʮػӲͬϹϣһƴϹ㱳ϣĽԱߺǽ棬ǽڶȥ
Ϲǵŭֻ
ƺ⿴Ϲ㱻ᣡ
ǿѾǳˣ
ϹŭȵʯӷѾòͷɢѪȻѾܵشˡ
һ˫۾ȴս⣡
Ϲ
սԲ䣡
ǱΣգϹид
Ϲòţ벻ܸ𣬷Ҫ꣬ǧ꣬չ꣬ѪͳĴ壬п֮Σ
ԲΣ

־ǿ
ҶǻӰȥһŴϹؿڣϹһƬѪԪ궼ɢһαڵϣҲˡ
Ҷ̫أϹƣԴ£Ȭ
ϹĻɽԪ꣬ƺҲˣ
̫ʧˣ
Ҷǵϳǳ֮棬Ϲ棬޼ɵ
¶ŭ֮ɫ
Ҷʵ̫ˣ
ϹһóϳǻǺܵģϹһˣϳǰ

Ҷ̫
Ҷһɿ
Щ˾Ӱ㣬˲䵹ȥһƬѪ˵Ĳᡣ
ˣ
ˣ
һı磬ǿʢĹ꣬Ҫ
ʱ򣬼Ƕ


Ƕһֻ㱸о
Ⱥ߳ĿҶϣɨϹϹϣ¶һĪ΢Ц
ϹԲΪͼڵļ壬ԲĴڼײľ𣿡Ȼᣬȴ
⻰ʲô˼
ϹԲΪͼڣΪˣҪһѣ·ǣҲԡֻҪ֮ضԶǲľ񣡡
Ϲ΢΢һ
ĿϹϣѵûзǱԶƨϹǿǧ򱶣㺷ηǿ߷սʱѾһ˿ƿˣȥͻưɣ

ΪʲôԼûо
һ֮ɣ
һθӶµķǴľƬΣ
Ϲ۷徳Ѿܾˣʵһʱ߱ͻƵĿܣֻҪõȷĵ㲦Ȼܹ׳ƿ
Ϲһ̡
һ֮
ҶǾĪ˭
ϹЦ˵ǹרϳҳ죬վǰȻϲ
ǳ죿
ȻЩ֮˵ķɣ
ҶĿòһվò͵Ϊֹɣ˵ϹͻƣͻôѾشӵлҲס
οԱ߻һϹ
죬˭˳죡


102 ʮ
Ϲƺһǰδе״̬УƺȴץͷÿһĶУݺݳ꣡
ݽƣػָ
ңѸٱǿ
Ϲˣ
ô֮ѵֱͻƣ
ҶҲסһĻֱ漣
ϹԽԽǿһΡ޴ɽڻѣվһһ˵Ϲ£СıȡǰСıɱӢ̤ͣͬ壬üڲˣĴˣ
ϹƱԽԽǿ·ֹڱ
һɻԾ˱ϮǿƣϹ˺벽
ʱ˿̣
Ϲһֲĩջɽ
Եĩ֮Ѿǧˣһػ
𣡡
Ϲһ
ɫֱɢͷƲ㣬Χʮﶼڿ񱩵УھҵĲš
ƣ
ƣ
ϹϹҶһʹٻԪ£ҲܽͷųǿѹˡԻڵı־
˵Ϲڶ̶һ˲䣬Ѿͻ˻ѳڵ꣬ﵽڵԻ꾳磬Ѿһǿʿˣ
һ̿ʼ
Ϲ㲻Ϲĸ߼ִ£ѾӵгΪһϵʸ񣬴ӴϹƽƽˣ
ϹȻȻȻͻˣ
ϹˬЦͷԳһȭ㲦֮û
΢΢һЦ㱾ʹﵽͻƵĲ֮ͣعҳݣ
һײеĿϢӿ
ͻôҶǿŭ𣺡
˲ͳ塣
һȭ
Ϲ΢΢΢֮ܿһȭҶͫ΢΢һ΢
û
Ϲ㲻ͻʵѾ΢İ壡

ϹһɽɽҶֱӱ˳ȥռʮ󷭣жȥڵϡ
ʱϹ˫ȭգӿԪ𵽷ֵΪԽأǿصĳ֣
ǻɽԪ֮
ǹӲ̻ɽԪ𣿡ϹЦĿҶǣ죬ʶ
ҶɫٲƽɽԪ۷壬һԺɱأǱ赲
Ϲͷã
Ϲ㽫ɽԪеһȭ֮ϣȻйƺƵӿҶǺϹֵֵ
ַݶƻ
ʮڲѿ
ֲıըһ㣡
ϹҶǻ·ڣǲҳԵǱ˵ǣǵסϹһ
Ϲɫ԰ףζ£һѪ˳
У
̫ˣ
ټӸոͻƣ粻ȶ֮£Ѿսˡ
Ϲ¶֮ɫϹϹϵСû̫ԴͶ룬ȴѳǿĻɽԪ꣬һŮȻ߱ԪǱʡ
ʽΪŮǱܴϵпܻƻĳЩ˵棬ԼŰϹ򷢵ƫԶСǵ
˭֪Դƶĵط
Ϲ㾹Ȼǳɳˣ
ʮ갡
Իǿߣ
֣ȻҲϹǿ֮ĩټսˣˣˣͿˡ
ҶһǵķͷѾˣܸûݱ˰ɡһʼûлŹһ˫ǵĿⶢҶǣһӦ
ʲô
ҪԳ֣
Ҷâǰ㴫񣬱Щţ쿴ȻˣϹۣȻ㵱ӣˣΣ뿪

һ
򣬾㽫ϵȻлҶв
ֱȥһСС󱲶ѣҲң
Ϲʣģ
˵˿Ϸɣ
ţ
ֳһϹ⣬Ҷ治
Ϲ㣬ҶҲһ䣬ϾҲǳţ
ΪûУҪɱ練ƣ
һ㣬ͬһָǰȽҵĻʶʶСǸҶӴкɡ
ʮ˸˻߳
Ҷƾֱ˲оʮ˺УΪ͵ģȻлѶʵ
ôô֣
ȫ߼
ҶȻмһˣЦ˶ܴӮң̫ˣ˵ʮ˸ʮ˸Ҳɱȡ׼
ԣ
һҡ
ܰվߣһʮʬȻӳ˯ѹͬʱһԾʮ˵Ӱ˲ֲҶǵΧ
ţ
ҶǵȻ仯ǣһ̤棬ֱצʬֱϮȥ
ȻҶǸոж
ʮ˵ʬƹҶǲͬλá
Ҷ΢΢һݣòбܿʬ빥
ʮʬһˣֲҶܣƶ˴Ӧǿµͣȴ̺ĳصİ塣
ô£
ҶоΣգ
ʮ˸غϢȫںϳһ壬ƶ켣Ͳǳأǣһȫһ޴󣬰Ҷѹ룬Ҷǵʵ޷ȫӡ
Ҷصӣ̹ЦųôҶôҾվﲻߣɱѽ
ʮ
һؽԱ󷨡
Ҫʮ˸ʿɵս󷨣
ҪǼѵģʮ˲ҪͨҪϰһȨѵԱڱ˵󷨡
ֳԦ֧ͨʬʮʬûʶڳʮ˿ӣڲκս󷨡

һڶ߻졣
ʮ˵ӰƶУȻĻӰҶǸеЩ֪ôͻΧ
ûᣡ
ץסһ˲ᡣ
̲ٿʮʬϣͬʱʬ㼯һɣγһ޴ʬȻҶ档
𣡡
ҶǴһҪͻΧȴһ˫ǰ
һĶ
Ҷ˫ƻԣһɽϮоԣ˲䱻õɳȥ
Ҷ¶顣
ʵһôܰɣ
ʬ֮£ҶǶƣʵʸոһʮųһУཫ㼯һɣ˲䴫ݸǰʬȻһ
ҶûֱӭشŹ֣
Ҷʬ׷ӭϣ˳㣬һһϢԴԴҶ׽⣬ԵüǱ
ǹӣƺʵ㿴ڵӣһɥȮʲô𣿡һԦһԴ̼ҿɴӵˣ
ҶǺܹ裿
ŭġ
ۣ
һںѪ
ãѾжˣ
Ҷζ벻ףΪʲôᷢչƾʵɨϣܻ죬ⲻӦ練
ڷǵûаѳܻ񣬷첽ƣѾˣʱܵķգ
ϳǵĳ񶼿Ŀɿڴ
һĻ
Ĵ֮һ
ݷΧڣһУҫ۵λ֮һЯžɣ̤񣬵ǹƥȻٵϳǣܵ
˭ΪǹԽ٣ѹԵʵǰȻڽӡ
˭û뵽
η壬ûϹͻƣҲȫбԼԸǹӣ
赭д䣬Ƶþͽǹѹƣʮ˻ûͷɥ֮Ȯ
Сˣ
Զ٣ʲô£
Զ٣
ô˵˵ҶһʲôС
СӸҵǹƥɱң˵ʲôҲȫˣ
ˣ
죡
׼ʵжҶһκݺݵĴͽѵ
һ

Īǳ죡


103 Īǳ
ʮʬӰĪ⣬ÿʱÿ̶ǧ仯˴һ壬ҶӵѹԵҲ޷ҵƵķڱУ
ʬ˸ͬʱһʬ۳һĶʮ˸۵һ𣬾Ȼ̱ѿһ޴ҶǶȥ
һʮ˾ʬľ綾
Ҷ˫ȻɨֲֵƳʮԶʬ˳Żë͸ڣҶǸеһԡ
ɣ
Ϸ㣡
ϹҪ֣һɻɽ֮ʹӽŵ˲Ϲ
Ϲضǰ벽ݹҲ֮ͬ飡
Ϲɫ࣬ȴҲ
ҶʬΧ֮£ͷɢ飬ҳڱʬ֣Ѿжټ֧ˡ
ûа취ˣ
͹ߵ
ûйϵСٶɣȻȥҶҸǰôţ
ҵţ
ӽչһ
ǣΪôˣ
ҶǷŭΧʬһԾɫȥӦٻҲӹϳǵϿգٵ׼Ӧˡ
ްˣ˳죬Ҳòô
һĻʱȫеܣ
Ĵӣ
ҫĿ飡
Ҳˣ
ǹһȡ
ӣӵô
ԤҶǵÿһҶǸ׼ϣʬֱקסҶһȣֱק
Ҷδûأֱס˫ֻ֣޷
ʱֻʬڿն𣬴ҶǵϷһŲȥ

ҶǴӰձֱӲȽΧڼʯ·棬ȫİȥһʵᣬ»ظ֣Ҳ⵽شġ
߾ߡ˵ϳʱéôȻɱңôӦףɱһḶʲôۡ
ɫ޵һڿն׼뿪
̧ͷһͷӣҲʲôҲ°ɣ
ʬڿնԽ𹥻ִҽУڳѹѾһϢˣ
ɶ
ͷް
ûȫɳԻϵ
ҶþֶβŪμǵػ
ҶĿѣ
ߵҶǰһŲϣҾ㻹ǹĹԼɣ
㡭
û˵ꡣ
ʬֱץסҶǵֽţʬҲһӵϣȫҶϣҶͷʬ
ҶǸоʬʴһҶҼ̳ˣҶһëҶұ׷ɱ㵽ĺǣ
쵭Į
оһ
־壡
ڿ־ˣ
Ѿ˼
Լһӡ
вĻǵûκôԼĴ
ǹӣ绪ޣžޣҶӶļ̳ˣʮӶδ䣡
ǹӣݺݣңһ֣ҲֻгǺӡ彵ܱΪ֡
ǹӣ˾˾ηߵʲôط޲ܵںʹʲô飬û˸˵һ֣
ڣ
һ֪ðĳ졣ƾʮ£ɵؽˣ
ˣ˰ɣϹɫ粻Ҷŭܳܵģ
ѵڷҶҾͻЦچ£һҿǿܲ˳ˣ
㡭
Ϲŵõ
Ҫ֣סô
˿Ҷǵ³˳ͷͷ
ث֣Ҷм㣡һһָʬѻԡõҶǿҶҪǾӣˣ
ҶǾֺҪʲôҶ̤ƽϳǣҪߵˣȫǶҪΪᣡ
һƹȥ
Ҷֱӱˡ
˫Ѫ죬裬ޱȳ裬Сûб˴³ǺҲԸȴô
ӣİɣҲɱ㣡ŻأһӣߣҴȥ
ǹʱε磿
ҶҺķԴȫļһţǼĽӰˣ
񲻽׽ҪȥѲ֣ҪǴȥǹɨأҶҶߵģ

Ȼˣ
¸񰡣ƾһУҶҲŹģѾǲݣںһޡ
ǹսȫޣͷɢǱĿѣһŭ
ĺǿô
Լʵô
㳢ҵ
콫Ҷǰһ˴ϣʮȣԿҶҡУһһʹ⡣
Ҷʮ˴һ飬ͷβظġ
ǣ
Ȩ̫
ǹûʲôµģҳţҲ£гͰשĶˣȫóҰɣ
忴ϰҲ־ģģ
ɥĲɿóǶʱѪڡһЩĳ÷Ҷǡ
Ҷ̡
ǺεȽԴ
ݳҲû˸Ҷ
أȴó÷
ЩֵӣȫΪĹϵֻҪûʲô޷ġֻһʼԴ˴ͷ˳÷Ѻ˿ʼ硣
ܲô
ǹӰ
˼ҴɱȫҼʮڡ
˼Ұһëȫһٱ
պա˵ǹӣھܹƨ۸裬˻һӣмλ᣿úϧֱһӣ
ÿ
һ׳Ⱥһ޴ҶͷϿȥ
ɲǼ䡣
ʺѬ죡
ǹӲ㱻ιȥ
ҼҰȫˣڳ鴤ķЦҶģҶӵһڷˮתǲ쿪ۣ쿪۰
Ǹˣ
ֱΧˮйͨ÷ѡҶʯͷ򽽷ࡢ
㲻Ǻܿ
㲻ƽݽô
㲻ϲǹ̤ô
Ҳϱ̤ζ
һ仰ݡ
ȫжˣ
ǱɸȾŴг𱨳޳֣ȿֺӿ
Ҷǻࡢˮüѣһɫͱݵޱˣֱˣ
ҲѲĲˡ
콫ҶǶԱߵˣȥһ󵽳ǽȥҪýŵˣӵӢˣ
ݣ
úݣ
Ī磡
죬죡ܵǰҶµĴô
⻹𣿡촽ˣϵ㳡ȥȥѾƵþƶ漣̻һ磬ϰճһٺþƣö漣̻ģ룡

ʹ죡񫣡
ͻعͷûУҺȾƳ⣡
꣡
꣡
꣡
Ƿ׷ɽ
ҶǿһĻǰһڣʡ


104 
ԽӴһѪëƤȥǣʮصľж˿顣
ȷʦڳָ֮£ϳǹ㳡һ޴ޱȵտԪ󣬴ֱӴĨһͣԪп졣
ⱻʺ͵ʱһζѾƮ㳡ÿһŵζֱˮ
2ħ޵Ⱑ
ǵǴ󲹣
ֽгСƬΰ͡ȸֵϣ̴̵Ķ˳ȥóƷãһͰơƣһʢޱȵ¶տʢ磡
һͷֵߴＸҶֹޣ
һͷǱɲѷɫԻǿߵǿħޡ
쵱һͷͨ󣬵׵ԣ
Ѫ̺ǳǿǿ塢ʣΪһ
ͨһӶһڡ
ɴá
Ĵȥ
ȻΪǿ̫ߣͨ˳һСھͻȣټˣͨʿҲԳܡ
һͷֳ˶ܳʣ
һ޹ϣһ⣬ֱһ̳ơ
ڳ⣬ںȾƣòʹ죡
СǱһ鼸ٽصĿ⣬˺ҧʣԵýζֻ̽⣬ʮôˡ
Ҿ̫ˣ
𣿡ӨӨһǩ洩ȭͷĳ⣬ŵùĹĵģһ߾׽һ˵Ҿúܺó԰ǲ1ħöˣ
һСʾǳͬ
ӨӨźûۿѵӣ
ӨӨѶʱ򣬳ͻѾˣӣڵѲء
Ǵ
ҶǳΪ׺ԵûԹҶҼδļ̳ˣ
ּʿ
ֵλ
ӨӨ붼ʲô
Ҷҵĵ˶Ӷ׺бйھȫңҶΪļ̳ˣȻ̳мһ硣
治ۡ
ͨô
ƾҲɱ죿
³
ã
ӨӨо̫Ҳ̫ʹˣ
ûɱҶҲûзϵҶǣȴݺݲڽ£ֱ󵨵ķʽһ飡
ģ
ҶǾܹҲ޷Ӱˣ
ӨӨǣˬ޼ɵķԵȾϳǵÿһˣ
ͨҶҶǶôͨҳҶǵô½һٸҲôȻгĳȫһ
˿̣ӨӨȥȫڰѾԻ
Ǹ߾پƱΪ췢¶ףء
ʵÿжһΰԶ롣
˭˷ˣ
˭۳ģ
˭ָԸһӹӹµµ
ЩɳʵýڽڰˣݡĶƺѾɢˡ
ʵʲһִΧǽҲܵпʵϮ
ǻãĵǧٹ֡ȴҹξżһ˿˿жˡ
ЩԶĥģֻǲԸ״
Ƕ˴ŵԿף
ʧȥе
֮ĺճϳ˼֤в޲Ӱԭʼź
СҲܵҶǣ
΢ҲϮ
һܾĳ棿ֻҪѪˣΪһжڡ
Ҷһ
Եǿ籩ꡢҹѾԻ죬Ҳˡ
ӨӨ۾ƽˮһ˿ٻٻЦ⡣
ָһϲ
ϳһϲ
ûôˡ
Ȼ֪һܷ񣬽δЩͷˣӴҶҼţ
Ҷ˶ᷢķˣ
Ӧ
ҳͣ취ȻξϹôʩѹҶҲʵſôݻ죿
С㣬һſˣûû߹Ǹ˵ʱ򣡡
㵱ȻǸˣôԸҶ޵ŭ𣿡
ϲǻҲˡ
ÿζǷ꣡
Ҷ޵˭΢һ£ְڰ֣ˣ˭ӨӨ
ӨӨܹΪ̫ħϵͨ죬̣
ͷ
״̬жͻкôģ
콫ûԹСҲקӻͳƿݸӨӨʹСһһ
͸İƿ棬һɫҩ
¸ƿȻܸоҩ
ǻѵ콥Ц飬֣Ҹո͡壬ƵġÿֻһţҲֻһΣ
һ
ôƳ
ӨӨ˵ⵤҩǶɻʿ𣿡
ѵǴƿѵҩҵĵҩǶ䷽ƣֻҪ۷˷ãԼа˳ɵĻͻơ˵ǵǸոտ۷壬Ƽöҩɹʾоųϡ
ôĸʣ

ѵҪжĻһöҩ˰ˣ
²˳٣ھͿʼ
Ǳͻƣ
Ҷ˵֪ϳǷ֮һ蹷ܼʹͻƵѾ磬ܻһ㡣
˶ӵлѾʵĻһЩԱ
ԱҶ˵ǰͻƣ
˶ֱʼչˡ
ǰȰСſڣͳһöʬԴαչطǳҪҪκ˴ҡ
Сצһûơ
צſڻš
ССĽ󷨾γˡ
Сһԭһ
С¶мһ˵ı飬ͷĻӻצӣҿ㣬Ҫ˷ѱʱ䡣
һǷᣡ
ڷʼѵ״̬ôһƬ֮С
ɫѵһʯ滹ֲŻأһǿӻѵ
ߵһ
ˣ
еã
СԴƶ񤣬ٶҲ̫
ţȻվڹ۷壬ôһܻص۷壬ܹƼޣӶ̤һ磡
ϳǷǳ˲
Ҫ˵Ľ׶ΣѾţӻѾ翪ʼߡ
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ƺһĴħ˯̫ãʱˡ


105 ѹ
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Ҷ޵߳ŭǵʲô
Ϲ㡢ܱ޷һеô£ǸµħӰ̶ֶֻӣȴš

һĵͦ׼ʱ
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У
ôһ£
ѵҲǳͻµģ


106 ȱ˭ݣ
ǴͨԪḶ́׶Σĵһ
۷ңܵԪ꣬Ԫǳ˯״ֱ̬Ѿ˲䣬ԪŻѡ
Ԫһɲǣ
Ȼûеʱ춯أҲһ
ħۣ
ؾ䣡
ǳһ˲䣬ǳֲѹǼ˿ֲѹȣ˲ӿǳ֮⣬ȺǿֻűҶΪ˲һ
죡
Ҷ޵ŭؼֱ췢ˡ
һɢɳҶӶЦҶӶжǿأһȺں֮ڰˣսûͲսΪҶҼһӣһȺ£Ϊˣ
̫
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鶼ӳɵã
б¾ͳǨŭʲô£ܵı֣
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ԣЦӱڤҶǵĲϱȻȻ˭ǰһնĹͷ
ң
ҲңµҾһʲôң
Ҷ޵ѪӿһѪ³
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˵䣬߸߾𳤽
Ҷ޵ŭס֣
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ΪѾˣһԭԺǿˣһһ˵Ըǣˡ
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Ϲ㡢ܱ˶ͷ󺹡
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Ҷ޵ҧͫȴѸУԲУҶҶ㾡ԴڻԲҶҾͶϲˣȻ·
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½ɱ˳죬ҶһҪȻأ
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УһӰն˫Ų磬һصɫۣͷҰɫĳֶع֮磬ʮӣʵȴ϶Ҫöࡣ
Ʈݣ

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졣ûʲôӣʲô֣
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ش죡
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е㲻ţǻԹ
һЦ˵ҵӣҶ޵˵أ
ޣ
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Ҷ޵ӲͷƤ˵Գ⣬ֻò׷ֻҪǰǷŻ
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죬ϳǶȹɣҶ޵ϱ۸ӽϣ޺޵Ŀһ۳¥ϵĳ죬ݣ
Ӷ糱ˮ㣬Ѹٴϳˡ
һ춯صĳͻڻһľš


107 
Ҷ޵飬ĶǵΣʹ˸һˣͻƻϹ㣬Ҳ˳Ϲʽϡ
졢ӨӨ裬ϹֱӵӴ˳ΪϹ䣬󽫶Ϲ⻷Ϲıһ̶ܱϰȫԡ
Ϲó̫ˣݾڸҶ޵ܹȻģСǵһ
ʵе㷸ֹģҶ޵϶ǣ֪лʵһҪңһϹɲ
뵽ҪݣҪΪɱҶ۹ϵ
Ҷһͨϣ˵ҵͨϣɱҶҷŭǷֵðŴϹѰҶһúúÿһ
ȫһˣ
Ҷҳײˣ
׽ǹӣݺһҶ޵澡ʧԵԸ
Ϲ˵Գ⣬Ҷ޵ܶ㣬ҲҹȻԸ㣬һȫǿԷĵģ
ʲô
ˣô򶼲֪
ϹʱĿм־壬ĹӢս׿һʱΪ򣬳Ϊİ˺֮һ
а˸ү
ζʲôɣϹ㿴һ˵Ĺһ˸ݿ÷ַ˸үÿһһݿ챻ַĵطݿ
һݶܣ
⵹ҲǣԵϲȨ˰ȨŸˣԼҰװƾݴС壬ĪҲӣ
İ˺
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ĹҲһһĴ
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ѹһڣҶ޵˱룬㲻ѩ֮¡ΪʵӲΪݿǵһˡ
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ⲻԼô
ƽʱٹ죬ûҼĿΪݵһ˵ˡ
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صסʱϳǴСʹߣﲻߴ
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ָѩƮæòɿ
漣̻޵У̶̲һ£ڳΪΪϳǵ֧
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ԪؼһֱǺܱܵġ
Ȼ漣̻ѾܿɾͣûйƹԪء
ӵԪ꣬ѧϰ֪ʶٶȼ죬΢һͰ1ĵ
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Ȼôˣʲôˣ
رһؼϢ˵аʲôа
¶µı飺Ҳ֪ʲôаǰûмƲݱĹǷǳ
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ԲʱԲϡ
ڵݺУ
İɣһʬڳһϰ취Уûϳˡ
ԳҪԱҪߡ
бҪαװȥһ


108 ڷկ
ʯǹϽͨУܱ߶ǻɽ룬ͨ㣬ԴѷʯϳǶԱԵ÷ǳƶ
٣٣˿٣ʿ١
ǶԻʯǵĵһӡ
ʯǺ󣬾͸벻ˣôһƶĳУΪʲôͻðôǿặأ
˴磬ĻɫۣͷöңһѲͨľеĹŽٴԡ½ʡݳ֡
в޸ģһЩƤôֲںڻƣ͸һ㣬һĴƯĶʮꡣ
Ӻδʼأ
ʱС׺·ë׵Դ۾ĴһɨСצһָĳ
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ɫΣ񣬼лѾˣʮң
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Ҫ˵ʯǾòϳʮҶСĿʯǵĳô϶ͬСɰ
ڷɽկһţרٴ̶ӣ֧첿ɹȥһ֧ûлŻڰͲסʼļѸô
ֱҲ̫˰ɣ
ܲôһӶֵ˵ԴֻҪѺڷɽկǿɾͷˣƸӦоУ
ʯСʿûм˭Ըμж
δأ֮±·򣡡

ڹǰ۷׷׵ʱ
ֱԻѾɢݣμ
ʯǵĳһʮҵߣʵ˵ѾʮͣͷҰףֳһȣ壬ɳĴ
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ش˵ʮУÿһʶûû˵Ҳ
˵˵ǿ˵˱жشûμӽ˭֪ǲǺڷկͽԵ׼ϸ
ɽ߶ոջѣСͳһƣϳǵһʱſͣгӡΪ֤
ݵȻϹαġ
ۣɫʱͼ֣㵱Ϲſ֪ͣϹϵΣ
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ûʮҷĵĽ漣̻ʣ֪ʲôʱԿʼж
жѾļλʿǾͻʶһ°ɡ
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νǿ
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ڳϣ֣ض־˵Ҫң͸кҺڷɽկ֮£ý׻ɱֻҪһж֣ʱвӦһױɱӼ̷
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Сצѧų°ͣ˵ͷ˻ȥ

ҹĻ١
Ⱥɽĳվɽȣμ临ӣλ÷ǳΣһѹĵطǺڷկܲˡ
ʯǾֱӷȻʧصĽõİ취ɳλ֣͵͵ǱѨ֮УȰѺɱﺷڲֻҡ
ץסǿ
־۲˵ǰǵз˵ɽկ취ǱɽկмǲҪκˡ
ǼӲȥԼʮӺѲ߶ӾǣҪ֣
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ಣ
ĵӰһ
ĸɢұ·ȳˡ
ȥɽկѶ㣬һɺ˲һʮֹĸо
С֨֨ھ졣
ͳһöʬԣͷİɣûµģ
Сɽڵȴʱ
ιǲ𣿡ȴƳĬڶ˵ɽðģ
ôɽկôĺˣȴһ֪ƺ˵⣬ͻȻֲһ䣺Ҵģ϶⡣
ľҲͷӶŵųƣԸȽǿʲôʮʿʹ汻ԷˣѲɻܰôɱһѪ·ǣȻǮǾҪ񣡡
ƺ嫶ӵͷ
۲ӶУҡҡͷˣ̫ʢأӶǵְҵ桢߻رçײȻʵҲ档
ԼʮӺ
ɳȥʿմŵѪѾˡ
ɵúá־һ֣˵ڷѲ߶ӿʼһϲһûᣬǽȥ
־ƺԺڷկоܾˡ
ԶԺڷĲǳɵָӣţûǣʮ´Ӳط
ϢԽڷկĹذ
ûоκ˵£ǳ˳Ǳڷկڡ


109 Ȧ
ɽθӣΧʯܲǳʺ谵ڣɼӴǱ͸Ѷȡҵǣʮ˶ʵǿĻʿ΢һ紵ݶǺܼʹо
һСģѲ߶ӱľϢɵʬ嶼ʯ·ͳͳ
Ҵϵ·
ڽһ͸
ڷկĿϼǧҸʵףǾ鷳ˣǾע⡣
ʮ˶Ϻڷկɽ·ɽկںڵϹģһαװͷˡ
ǳá
ĿǰΪֹʮ˳
ѾӪصˣ͸ѾɣҶðĲ٣ֻҪңɽǱȻңûʱһܽѨһ˵
ľѯĿ⿴־˵ôҪҪͻϮ
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ʮʿѨأԽ췭ظ
£ý׻ɱǵĿǰΪֹ͸жǳɹֱͻϮնס
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ûһʣ־붼û˵һ棬Ŀʼж
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ʮʿ֪͵ϮһɱףٷŻյӪأɽȻƣ
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ԷŭˣĿû˿һ䣺Ϊʲôһ
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ζ벻ףΪʲôҪ
һ֮ƹ˿ϰУλѾǳֺαɱ̶ӵ飿Ҫع⣬ǿѵĽ
Ϊٳ̶ֵУݴ壬Ĵ壬嶼ٲ
벻ͨǡ
ȻڷկɽǻʯΪʲôҪսļ֣ΪʲôӶɢޣ⽫ƭ
Щ˸ûκͻ̸ʲôԹ
ôĶʲô
ΪʲôҪô
ľû뵽Լôùһ񣬾ͱˡ
ۿűڴˣǲ֪ΪʲôֻҪһ㣬ѾɵһˡھͲһʿһУǵҫ
ƨ
ɱȥ
м˵ӣڣǵԪѾɣԪ궼ʩչǾԼӵˣ
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ľʮɢ޷档
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ץģ
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һӿһħͷųŨŨɱȻľ
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ľһͳ׵ʧȥʶ


110 춼ħ
һ۾ͿӪ쳣ʵڸʱ򣬳һۣ͸оϲһֵħ
ĳħµġ
£첻ô⣬𾰻ԽٷͲôˡ
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ħָһЩУõĲϷǳѪȲ̵Ĺ龫ѪȵȡħɷأŹñŭɱбɥʧҡ߻ħΣա
˾ħǿ˲࡭
غ˾һȺа񹦷ˣʯǵĳҲħģôɵ飿
߼ûϵһʱûа취жϡ
Ǳڷɽկ󣬳췢ӪصĴųʶһжǸ壡
ѹֻҪɢޡ
ѹֻҪûбӶ
Щ˾ʧˣ̫ĺ䶯鷳
ʶƣȻʾľ˭֪ͷ䳰ȷûа취ֻԼ˳ˡ
Ѿ
Щһ׶༪ˣ
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鷳ˡ
һǻŲôģ
˭ЩɵȰ
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һҲʲô
ǣĻҲãҲգ൱ϡеĲϣƾ쳽̻ʱҲ޷ռһ˵ʮ£漣̻ɲСӰ졣
ʱǽǮ
վںڷկԥ֮ʱ
ҵˣ
ҹĻһǿϢϮֲͻϮ
ǹһ˿Ц
һ顣
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зҫ۽âȻ˺գһɫ⡣

Ӱס
־սֱӶϳأһ˿ݣҵƷһѱ
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һֳֽۣбָ棬Ŀƽˮҹ۲켸ۣ΢Ц˵ǹƥ׷ɱɲһǵ
־Ц˫۽ó죬ħΪһ֣ܹңһǶô޴뷨
־Ԫ۳һֻɫԳԪļӳ֣ʱֱһȦͶøߴ
ıԳԪô
ıԳһֺޡ
ıۣǵգĵطڣıԳǺһ֣ಿֹޡ
־ӵıԳԪ꣬ٶҲսҲǷͬСɵġ
춢ıԳԪ꣬üͷһȻҲ֪ʲôħҲò˵ħǴģܶݴʵͼӰЧʵȴǽ棡Ǳˣ

һ㣿
ҵȭ°ɣ
־׳ȭͷһȭͷں֮ɫһֵֻĹͷȭͷϡ
Хȭ
񱩵ȻϮ
ֱӺὣסȭͷ˲䣬񱩵кһʯˮϣΧ׷ƣƵü֮⣬һ͵ĴС
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ڤ֮
ʵڤһһǳķߡ
ȡ

ħԪͷųɲǣڤӳԪʱǣǿ־ֱӱһɿֲɡ
־¶һ˿ɵ
ǿԪϢ
ӵнԪ˲٣û˵Ԫ꣡
Ԫ±κԪ궼ǿȴ˵еԪ꣬ӵԪʿԽս£
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˾ûֻƾͲСˣ
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춼ħҡҡͷʲô߰ģҪ˷ʱˣҪ͸Ͻɣ
ߣ㿴춼ħ
־Ȼ߾˫ۣøֻƤѸٵıںڣһޱȵƾ㣬ϵɫͼ
¶һ˿أԪǿ࣬Ȼô󣡡
־ȫʩչʱ岼ϷģһֲͼϣƤɫҲɺɫħһʮֹĸо
Сڳϣɫë״βҡڣһ˫۾¶мɡ
ڵˣ
־˫һŵֱʧˡ
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־֪
ġǹⲻ塷ոտСɵżѡ
춼ħȻսȻѹեǱܣ˰٣˵һǧվСѵǴ֮á
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־ɵˡ
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Сͷ찴СָʾȥƿѲߵĺڷկûжɽһ޴Ķߡ
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111 ħ
ħߵ׻ʲô
ʹ׿棬漣̻ĶҲûֻأζҪȥ̽һ̽
ֻǣħΧʮˣÿһ¶Ǽ򵥽ɫȫ߱ʵҪɵҲҪһ
͵͵Ǳйȥ͵ϮһһѽҲϢȫ
ڷկĵǧ㣬ܾͻֱͱѣͱ֪ħߵµˡ
û취
ֻˣ
Ӳʯͷ߳ҡħ߷ȥ
Ϊ촩źڷկ·ú˶Ϊ֮һ㶣һʱ޷ݣڼͬʱǳģǽأѵ֪𣿿Ҫ
䣡
ѹȻţ
һڳ챳ħִ϶Ϣκľ
һš
ŵ۾˫ɫɹɫɫ۰ɫϸֳ߸ͫףһλм䣬񻨰ֲΧÿͫ׵ɫһӽһʢһ컨䡣
ʮڿ۾ɲǡ
䣡
һ̡
綼Ȼݣ
ǵʧȥʶһͬʱ˵ϣֹֹͣͣ˶Ȼûһ˿ڣȴĲˡ
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붼ûС
쿴ЩһۣǾȫɱˡ
ۣ
ͷۣ
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С귢ë׵һֻ۾¶𺳺η塣
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첻ҡ߽ħߣӦһżȴԶĿǼڵġ
ʯףб£ҺɫʯڣħͼڣһֹϢߵʯ׾ͷһİĴڳǰ
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ڤڽһĻüѪƺܹ徫ԪʵǷǳ

ѾʿľѪ;ԪȻζ
ֻҪЩʿܹˡ
ЩӶƸΪʥ̵ʱ
ǸйǱй֮ˣȻõӦн͡
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΢΢üͷħʶƺŻ͵Ϯģ˭֪ոսȻͱԷˡ
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Сǲɵ
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ٺٵЦʲôһԲģ
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쿪΢״̬תٶȻÿһڴ
ħ֮Ԫ긡֡
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µһڵϣȫһɴ䣬ˮ
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춢Ѫ񿴰죬ƺ嫺һʿ˿Ѿȫһ߸ʬˡ
ؾѪ˲ǧʿɡĿ⽥ñ䳹ǣΪһ˽к˶޹ߣͲӦô
˲Ϊ𣡡¶֮ɫѾʮСǵ˶ʮΪһҲˣ
εȾʣĹ׺һڣ˻һСУҲģҲİ
Ƕһᣡħ̵湦ӵػĻᣡ־֮ܣôܶҵ飡
̾Ϣһ
ÿһ˶Լ
ǣ飬ǿġ
ôʵ磬ôأעһֻ΢ϣһֻСطתҪ߳ȥߵԶطд
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γأ
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Ƥرڣֳӡаͼڣϡ
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Ϸĸܼӣֻڡ춼ħϣ־̶ȸߣӵ۷ʵּӳ֡춼ħʵ»һ¥
Ϊħ̵ļƷɣ
ҽźݺݶأɫԪ۳һֻ˫ͷԳ
¶֮ɫͬԴ˫Ԫ꣡
˫ͷԳԪ꣬һܹӵޣҲֲͬԵĹʹͬʱԺͻԹҲܵκų⣬սǷǳ˵ġ
οӵС춼ħӳ֣ʵһأѾֱƻصǿˡ
û㹻ǿսһʵ»ǳģ
һ˲䣡
С壬Ȼһǿ׳޺һӰ˲Ϣ嵽ǰȭᣬһȭ
ǹⲻ壡
۳ǹ⣬ὣֵǰȭͷֱӴڽϣ˲佫жסˡ
𣡡
Ұްһֻȭͷҫۻ⣬һȭڽĽϣ֮ڣʱը
һֽ㱻ըɳȥصײϣӶִѺۣǹⲻ廤ûܵʲô˺
˻ЦĹƺ򵥣ǿķȷʵɱ־ң
˵䣬ħԽԽǿֻ£һӰڲ
ȭ̽
ڲҪȫԸˡ
и־Կľ飬ǳһȫôٶȽﵽ޷׽زпûзӦ֮ǰͱԷһȭ
޷׽ǾͲˣ
۾ۣ
쿪۵˲䣬˲䶴ϤȫɣĹص㣬Ԫתȫ㣬޲¶ڳǰ
ۣ
Ѫ洫һɵ

ô࣬Яϯħһȭһȭ˫ȭǿ졣
꣬ģ
Сõӳվһħ˲䱻Сȡһ̽˶
һʲôҵħ
ԪڣħԪ긡֣Ϊڤһɾ޴ϺɫâȻ
һ

ǰ޷ӹ۶졣
貽һɨ
ȭȻڵ޿ӣȴûܴ򵽳죬۾ɵùԲ¶֮ɫ
ҡȻˣܣ
ֳһߣϵĵݰ㣬ϳأնɱ£
ֱʶһ̡
ţԼ䣡


112 ħ


죡
նľ˵ϡ
ľ¶м֮ɫл౨
챻ΧЩһЩԪݣЩҩǷŷãܹٻָԪ˵ز˾׼ɱȥ
ֻ߹Ȼǿסġ
ѪطڷӿһߴӰ渡ɲǼһɿֲϢӿռ䶼֮ŻѪˮ
ˣǱܲɱ̫ϧˣʥ֮ʣѡͶңΪ״ӣʥħҩƸȡ֮
ǸߴӰһ˿ңմճѪҺ˾һڻ״ֲ٣ֻܿһ˫ɺ顣
ľˣ
⵽ʲô
һëȻĸо
һȻ˼꣬˿̸ǰôܲ𺳿־壿
վӺúÿԼѪ˵ѹһη嶼ûУⳤøʺһˣҵĵӣ㲻Ӷˣһöأޣ

ֲѹȻͷš
ľ˶ǻһʬɽѪ̱Ѫζֱԣʶһ궯ѹȵĸо˴ĸо
̫ˣʵ̫£
ƿͳػǿߣѾԻǿߣ
ѪѾǴ˵еǿ
Ѿ磬׶ΣݷΧ֪ǿ߲ʮǿߵƣһͨʿս⣡
ħ̶С񣬱ǰ϶㲻ϣѪ˻شѪȫǿѹʼѹˣʲΪͽȴ֪ϧôȥɣ
ŭɱϯ
׹ߵĸо
ˣˣһǿߵĴڶ֣Щ˸ûз֮
ѪĿɨˣ˵֮ʣ֮ʱһĻᣡ
˷·һ⣡
˭Ը
һ˵ıܣ
֪ǰϹ֣ЩûˣֿûС
ɱ
˭ɱܳΪΰħͽѪֳջصԴڵħ̾ħ
һ
˶¶֮ɫ
Ѫ˾һΪߵĴڣ
һǰǰյĹԴҲ޷
ֳʿӶͨɢޣܹΪʿȫǳΪʿԺ󣬻Ѿﵽһ߳ɾ͡
˭øǿ
˭ǿ
˭ȥ磿
ĻһΣ¾ٲˣ
ɫֱ仯ǹƶѣҪϵ
Ѫ˳ƻ𣺡һӶĬĬǧѷĻǰֻҪһο飬Ϊħ̽ͽӴ˸汾۳£ؽʥջԻͣ
Ѿرÿ
ǿߣѾͻƻѾ磬ĹҲ׷ľǿߣһ컯
ҪԻ󣬴˼ǰѾ޷ҷӡԱ˯죬ͨƻˣΪռ˰ˡ
ûȫָǴڼ״̬аɱǣͶˣôϻ
Ѫɫһ䡣
һﾹȻܿôࣿ
Ѫȷʵħ̵Ķ֮һ걻شطұ⣬һ˿
żѪ˺Ѫ˱ͨƻɱƽְһǧʿƳɴѪΪ
µ
ѪȶסԪ˹ϵΪûлָֻͨɻʿԪȫĻظ۷塣
˭֪·ɱ
ѪĿǰ״̬£ֻȫʢʱڰٷ֮һʵ
ľֿסѪջ󣬻ͷ˺ƣ޷ɱˣǧҪмƣ
޲ƸȨֻҪ汾һֿɵãѪһһٵ˵ȷҪǰѵҪѰ·𣿡
ɱɱ
ɱһ
Щɢ޶ۣһ˫ɱ۾ų죬ȫȻѾˣ˭˭ǻָ
վŭħͷǵľԪ½ָովǣڷǵ½֣Ҫħͷǲò𣿡

Ҫǣ
ǧѷᣬ㲻ҪǻҪ
ľڳǰؿЩˡ
ѪͲ߷ЩˣһЦɱɣɱɣɱǣ˲Ϊ̤ǵʬ壬µذɣ
캰סǣȥն˹֣
ã
ľһֵֶסɢޡ
ŽֱӴֱѪ˷𹥻
սһ
ľΪ˫ȭѵ֣ǵֵ˶ãϽս
һҲ뱾ΪУ
ѪԪڹУһ̶Уһֻ޴ѪɫԪ꣬ѪɫԪ걻ٻ޲ܿռ䣬ͷųһǿҵѪɫ
Ѫħ𣿡
ĿһֹסΣȥѪɫϣ˲ɴѺۡ
һ̶񲨣ֱԣֱжϳ֪óǰһڣ˹ȥ

Ϯ̺ͨ˫ع
ǹⲻ塷ǿסȴ޷εĴѪ˾ʵûȫָսȴ˿ѷɫصĳ̶ȣ
ڵʵܻѶ۷壬ЩҪ˵ˣΪĲ̫̫ˣ
·㲻ߣǾͳΪļƷɣ
Ѫ˵Ԫͷųһֱӽɳʮ֮⣬ײ˺üӣǹⲻҲܵ˺
رҪǣжóûа취κλرֿܻ
壡
Ѫ˸߸߾˫֣Ԫʱֽ⣬ͷųŨŨѪ˲Ѫֻƴɺ𣬴Ѫ浮һѪɫƶ㣬츲ǹȥ
Ѫһϣ˲ܽϾѪɡ

ħһ֣
Ѫɫͳͳ飬»ѪصѪ˵Χǹ岻޸ָֻǿ״̬ոܵ˺ҲѸٻˡ
ôͻָʶ
ѪеԾˡ
˵һˮƽܵʱ򣬵ιȥʶټᶨҲôָ
С⣡
Ԫܵ˺
ѪħûжԳ̫Ӱ죡
ѪڿնѪƣӲдѣͶС
ԪѾʣ಻࣬ħԪ겻ϼӳڤϣڤɫâԽԽǿңһףףסâǵ׳ȣһϺɫ貹̺ŻԵĹƺп
ǿ
ԪǷͬСɣ
һ۳ȫһѪֱӳܣҲԵֵġѪгţħ̡Ѫ󷨡̼̣ҪʿľѪϣȴܹһ塣
ƵѪ龫Ѫɣ۳ǿоܵסһ
ħѪ
ѪһѪ˲ֳǿʴڲ͸ǹⲻķѸٱ
ֻҪһƣ
ͻᱻѪ
ǧһͷСȻѪ³һɫâѪ˱âֵʱ򣬻Ѫˮ㣬ϱߣȫС̽
Ѫ˴󺧣ʲô
Ȼע⵽ֻޣû뵽ֻ޾Ȼִ˵ա춼ħħѪ󷨡ѪҲɡ
ħħ̵Ҫ֮һ
ֻСޣܿħô
Ѫɢ
Ѫ˵ķ
ȰѪ˵
ѪѪ󷨡תѪ֮Ѫȫ֮󣬾͵ڽˣͷǳڱøˡ

ס֣
ѪУ׳ľ޴âͷص£Ѫ˸Ƭ
ǰħͷôڳĽ£


113 ںڤ
ǰĴﱻһһնɱˣһŸոտһأȫԽսԾĲһ㡣
⻹
Ǹ
α״飡
Щɢһɫ԰׶־ȫޣŵûæս
ľһܣ
еĪ׷ˣ
ں֮ڣ챾ûοľԪҲľˡ
ֵܣҳôû˭ǵһľ˵նɱħͷƵʯı´ˣҪˣ

˰ɣ
˵̫ˣǵ͵ѣ
ȲҪ̫硣ü˵ڷɽկצûгװΣա
ʲôɱǣľһʣֵܣô
ôҲ̫ˣҡҡͷ˵Ǳϻƭ㶪ֵϢ
ƺʶʲôĿɨܣضǽ鱦װϣŸϢ˸˵ı⡣
ͨץһѣҲ
ǶԻѾĸ֣ҲԿһӴ󱦲أ
СһԾջһŻʧˣһһѲðһԴצһζҴ
ͱССȴ˿
ľˡ
С޵ʲô
˲ưټŵʳ˹Ŀ࿴
ʱһɱͷǸոɢڷսЩڷֵ³£ȻԴȡ֮
ǰʲôʬ壬Դȥǰں֮ʿʿȻȻ
⣡
ڷ붼ױ̷ѪˣӶħڣЩױɱĪĶɱѾװ¶ʿȻ
ٳͷġ
ɢɢӵӣʹʣһ㣬ľ޷вˡ
ľͷȥˣȥμɱȳԼŵҩּԪӴѱѰҪĶ
ҵˣ
ӡ쳽̻Ǻŵľ޴ӡ
һ鷽εˮҩУڷУÿҩ涼һĺںɫҩΧϢݶȼһ
Ļݣг֮ݡ
Ļǿȴ̺ŨϢʹû̺ǿʴ;綾ͨմ֮Уκܡ
ҩУʹá
ĻݾܲǼ곤ҩǲһŷǳ̵ƣ˹ѣϡвҩķΧ
Ļݱ2ϣǲҪ߳һ˼۸ҲǷǳߵģÿһҪٽңһ1ҩˣ
̫ˣ
ҿЩڣ
ҩƵģǵܱҩֹܷҩʧܱĻݶˣӣȫĻݣԼһǧɡ
С֮ǧڤԴ÷ǳвʱϨ
Ǹˣ
ٳһ죬ͳʧˣ
ڤļֵͼߣοһ䱻ǧ꣬ǧڤ
ﱾֵѲѷڤ
ϲƵڤ𣬱һİ˳
ǹ⻤ס壬ӶȡУΣյĻˡ
һ׻棬Լָ׸ǴСл⺿ֲϢ
¶ȲߣǱо
Ϊڤһ𣬱ʷǿֱӾзЧκλԪͷĿǡ
ǧ֮ڤ𱻸ĸʴӣȻûзʵȴɸʴͨʣָ̺еľܹԵ˾һϵиš
ʴʡžشʮ
շ˵
âԪڽڤ𣬱Ļҵ¡
ڤոյû죬ȴһ˿΢ʶڽбܵĵֿ
ͽ޹ģ
ڤ̫̫ʱϨֵ죿˹˳ѡ
Ԫ͸棬չĲλκһͨ㣬εؽڤסˡ
һ׻ָͨ⣬˺ˡ
ĵͷһñ
ڤһ챦ν챦ָȻپκκͼӹܹʹõһֱ
磬Ȼһֽպ«Ķںռ䣬ժȡܵһﱦá
ƶǳࡣ
쿴̫ϡ
ڤĻѾĻǳ΢ʱϨĿܣΪǿ׳ǿֻͨι
κβ϶ܱڤڤĲϲҪ߱㹻Ҫ߱ڤһصԡ
ĻݾǾѲ֮һ
ȥɣ
ڤָ죬ˮҩб棬ǿ棬ðīɫף紩͸һ㱡ֽ壬ˮбɸʴһС
ҩ棬һĻݡ
ҩѸٱÿήɫӲҩйȫڤɽȥ
һĻݺ󣬻΢˼֡
ڤһΪմˮҩҩһΪģĻݡ
һʱ䣡
ǧĻݾͱϣ
ããã
˻Ȼ
ٿ֮£԰ټɫСƯգÿһָֻ׸ǴС
˫һϡ
ǵۼһһͷĻɫ淭ȼţǵûκܳ˸еǳ䡣
ͨ˲Ҫ˵ֿһۣеļ£ֲĻþµϢľ
ôĻһֱҲ̫ˣŻ¶һ˿Ϊ֮ɫûлԪ꣬û湦أ
Ԫֱ꣬ںϡ
īһٿػ湦ܹͨھ
ûлԪ꣬ҲûԦ𹦷ڤһֻʮ⣬ͨװȥ
֨
Сһ˲οиͣæСצӣָָڤ
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ССצӱȻȻʾ϶
𵱳շڤʱڤ飬һֻȼյĹڤڤһֻǺֿ˶ѡ
Կɣ
ڤ
ڤܵĳ̾ͱקȥڽڤڣýһ·ų׹â֮䣬¶һϢ
ڤǵûյʴϢǿ󼸷֡
Ȼˣѽڤ𣡡ػӻӣֽ¶һ̾飺Ҳ飿ԶȻпȡ֮ģ
ڤȫڽڤ֮
ڤɢʶóмֶͬʱһӽ͸
ħԪԶˣ
оΪ
˼𣬻ˣ˸ˡһǡڤ׻𽣾ľڣ
ȣ
һ֡
˺գ·׷âһŷӴһ봩ȥֱӰʯмȥһأڼǽϣһ޴Ѻۡ
Լһ
ǻѶʿҲô׵ֵģ
⻹ǳһҲ˵һѾвѶʿˣ
Ϊʲôôǿ
ͨһʿҪ˵һȫһ֮£ҲԺѶʿĻԪཫˣȴԶв
Ҫ浼µġ
һԪ꣬ħԪ̺꣬ǿ֮˴
ڶڤһͨܳ꣬½ںڤԺȻǳˡ
ǽκһ޶߱ģڤ׻𽣡صǱǿ䣬óɱ
ã
ǳã
սʱֹ
ҪǶʲôƨħûСİæҲδػˣ
ˣ
Сأ
æŸȴС꣬ȥʱ򣬱ѻɽҩȻѾȫյˡ
һֻɰС׺ڵϣԲĶӣһãĽų죬㡣
ҿ
˹ˣ
ȻȫԹˣ
ܼҺֱ꣡ӳȥСĶ䣬ݺݵӼң
СûΣֻСצӣһ
Թô
бѽ
ⱩƢʱˣҲúýѵ㣡
Ҫѽ
Сŵһ£Ҳ֪Լˣһʡ͵ĵƣæȻ˼¡
ʲôﻹ
СצһָѪط򣬳Ѫؿȥħ˵طѵʲôöɣ


114 ջ
Сģ˭֪ǲƭˣȳһ䣬ֻһգС껯Żʧˡ
ֱ˲ƵѪϷ֪ʲôڿж׹䣬ո͵һؾѪССѪʧȥҲƯջǧٵɫϸȫС
ؾѪʮ룬ٿݽ߸ɺԣȫСһȡɸɾó쿴Ŀɿڴ
ôʲôܳԣ
Сֵײʲô£
ֱΪֹԼСһ֪Сûбֳʲôսֽӽ˲ƵǳʺܣСƺ߱ɷ޵κаɷ֮ﶼܿơ
Сոճûá
ı¿϶ֹô㡣
𵱳СиĺʬʬƺңԶʱĳһǿڵʹӣеʥʲô
Щؿûõġ
ֻԺһȥ̽
СѪѩë޺ɫͶ̶̳Ӷѣʺɫյ»ָһȾѩס
֨֨
СѪصΧһѶתʾϽ
ճСֱͦܣվ壬צָָԵһѶ
һҩһ鰵ƣžɱߣ
ħ̶ɣ
ССﶼ߱˿ֲʵħȫʢʱڣǵ
һ˳ǹһԶ̵һƵѪ£һѪϸ롣
Щħ̶װǰߴӲƷӦƷֵǷǳߵģ
һƷֵʮңõܴﵽңһƷֵܸߴＸҡ
˵ЩֵǮֻǼûϵѾήˣֵҲ˶ۿۣһǳź顣
е˼
Ѫɫϸ롣
볤磬ϸţԷֱ棬ûлһͨȴ˿С
ĲϷǳ򵥣
ϸСĳ룬ʵһֽСѪֲ֡ȻǲγɵģҪǳַƣѪȶҲ̣һɣǳ
á2Ѫ֡죬κλʿԪꡢԻꡢ꣬ûз£ͻȻһ̹ȥɱЧ
Ϊĺö
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Сצ죬Ųǽϣ̧ͷɷˣҡҡͷֳһı顣
ҿƤˣ
Ȼ첻úýѵСһﵽͷȥ
СȻצÿ͵һɫӰȻţоһͷƮ
飡
һ΢졣
رڳһ״ѺۣѺмһСףɳһϸ룬汻һħƣ΢ɼķı鲼ϣ֮£ػصСߡ
ССצһץС뱻˫˵۾ų죬¶һ˿֮ɫ·
̵ģ
ֱԴһ¡
أ
Сʹıסͷίһ
ǲԣ֪
СҪ־׼ʩϽͷ˫צС룬ǰ˼һױ˵ļơ
ߣ첻мƲƲ죬ϴ̬Ȳⶫ˿ϣʹ͸ˡ
Сһ˿
׳ϲıһͲµ˼ˣ
뱾û̫ǿɱֻԪص㣬Ϊһյ͵Ϯ۵С룬ܳ䲻⹥䲻
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ͨǲģСƻķ
⣬Сӵһ󣬵Ҳ߱һ΢ĩս
ֲ鿴ĶҩȽͨڲмԲʺӡ
Ѫô
Ѫû˾ѪɵĲϣһЩаرϣħ̶ѪӦˣûüʹãѾһغˡ
ⶫֱӷΪ
ҩЧѷɫ2鵤
һöѪ飬ʵ̫̣֪ҪɶٻѪⶫ̺̫ͣԹ첻ʹá
ġ
˿һ۾;ͷǡ
ӦǼħ̼ħؼħ̾һкܶĴ̣ħǴӺĲƪݻġ
ڤ׻𽣡ȣ⼸׹Զˡ
򵥿ۣмƲƲ죬־;
һǿ鰵ɫƣ3ϡʯħѪƣӡƣдһġħ֣Ӧħ̵ĳ
Сһ˵أ⼸иƨãΨһһõ룬һ˱ˡ
СһŰˣ˵ù
ǰں֮Ѿɢ
ľԡѪȻһпɱ
˸ոսʹһΪڲҩҩûˣ
κεЦЦ˼ΪһʱûЩһˡ
СͦԲĹĵĶӣСצģʾûǱɵģѾˣ
˽¶˼顣
ôһʱʱװֻûڴС޶Сһһռ
⼸װѪҵģӦǶùġ콫ǹ̵Ѫóⶫûã°ɣ
⡭ǻ
ܹоװųǿϢ¶𺳼ı飬ոճҵӶͽǮȥһѻأ
ͷ˵˵ѾήΪƷʲĻȻкܲƻպҵʵ޻꣬ȫʦƣ
⼸ħҲ͸ˡ콫ħ̶µĺҲݹȥħȻ󣬵̷ǳ̣ħҪѡ񡣡
л½֣
ħô󣬵Ϊ߼ջôܾܾңħһҪȫȡһգҲġ
˵ǵץʱˣݺܿͻյϢĶܰľ;ᡣ
ѷʣǳԴǴ̶ġ
ӹ󣬶Ҫӹ̡
ˣûһ
װ桢ʯӵ̧
Ȿ漣̻Ļ콫صɽһصĵطʵʳˣ͵͵˻ȥ
ľߴװе
ʱӶģЩװʵڣ
æתʵʱɽկӿȺӣ˲ΧˮйͨԶڻٳǹ棬ÿˡ
վס
վס
ӰΧסˡ
߳һƤںڡͷ޴׳һƤ׾ʮˡ
׳ȵǺڷկŵѵ㣬벻ʲôö˵
ľŭô׾ˣǱǻ쵰ƭ½ɱħ̶Բúڷկɢ
ʲôħ̣Ƥ׾꼤˵ħ̵һֶص㣡ܽȥ
Խħߣ
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117 Բع
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118 Ų
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ӨӨԶһСݺݵ˵ãѻһˣٸҶǲŲҪǮأ
һѽҿÿһң˴ѽҿ⣬мˮĵҩƿװ˵ҩ
ӨӨ˵ܼ105ң漣̻Ḷ110ң5ǼѣԼ漣̻Ϊͻ⵽ɱսʿĸοˣŰɣ
ԼĶ䣡
漣̻ȻǮˣ
ȻǮˣ
֧5ң
żҩƿ⡭ʲô
ӨӨüһѽܹʮţڲǩԼΪ漣̻ṩϣ漣̻Ὣһ档Ҫ֪ڵгⵤҩѾһˣǸôԼŰɣ
ʮŵҩֵʮ
Ҫǣⶫɾӣ쳽̻ܴ棬ڲļôܵĳ룬Ϊ̻ȡ棡
ôô
Ѿռƣס᳤ٻ᳤ЩȫûбҪģȫ
ȴûô
Ķ裡
ôΪҲḶǮ
ǡǣ
ߣҲóǲʣҲܲ塣һƽѵĿ˵ȥ߾ͣμţ쳽̻úϵĻֻкôûл漣̻һԣٲǸźֳǸˣʲôС漣̻飬ôҳ췢ģǺùԵˣûк³ˣƨ
ڶԳֻ˵μסˣȥԺһת渱᳤
ڰ֣ˣϽݸɣ
˷ܵ뿪ˡ
ӨӨӣĿ;ԶŤͷԹҩĵأΪʲôҪǣ
һЦ˵ǰʲôҪųߵ㣬쳽̻ĲϹӦ̣ʩΰǸסΪ漣̻ҪĲϡ
ӨӨӱȽֱ֪쳽̻ͼвͶ쳽̻ûʲôøˡ
ֻ˾͸úݺݽѵŶ
ʡôҲûС㣿
ӨӨԴ˼Ƭ˵æˣ׼ĿһУ
е㾪ȣУ
Ҳ̫˵оǳгۺԹģͳһۣȷ࣬óӷ㡣ӨӨǳԺ˵ǲ֪漣̻ĵݴѾʮֻˣ
ʮֻô࣡
ûӨӨٺЦƾ߶ǧัأզ漣һţƷǵƣҩҲۣ㻹ϳʮ̼ԴôҰѸҵƷŽ
һСƽ̨
еĸǳǰģ
漣дģƹ㿪һܽصƷƣΪزɻȱĳг
ʽǩһݴĿͶңΪϳǴСֵװ漣̻Ѿϳڣ׬Ǯǿ̻ˣ
΢΢һЦôгɾ͸𣿡
ţӨӨʹͷСмָж治أ
ӳڡ
漣̻߹ˣ
һеȺ۵Ϯ
漣̻ٷչóеǳ⣬ӨӨϵǳԺܳΪһӣⱲҸˣ
СôŬǲŲǣߣһ¶ʹȥ
ӨӨʱǳ档
ʲô
õļ漣̻ᶼûأѲɳµóˣ
ӨӨһıˣ²ųԺֻһѲʯѻ
Щȵʯͷ𣿡ӨӨ˵ȷʵܺãⶫ϶ܹĺܺã
첻мƲƲ죺ȣͼĻɫѣʶʶ΢߼һĶˣɻҪһʯ
ӨӨˣʯʲô
ʯҲǷֵȼģЩողɳĲʯֻͼ1ϣֻͼȣǽʯϺֶνоôܹӳô
ӨӨ÷ǳ˼Ӧô
΢΢һЦΪΪʲôҪŪһ1žʯʯžʯһǾܵõһ2ϡʯ
ʯⶫʲôã
һ˵ԺȻ֪ˡ
ӨӨ֣쳽̻ĵžʯʯַͨǳµоȡջȡ2ϡʯ
ʯͨ2˱ɻʿܹɣǳѾΪʿ¾õϣҲûа취ƳͲ
ӨӨ£ôʯһһ˸ߵİСϻƼԪ󣬲õԪء
㶨ˣ
켤ԪСâһδųѸӿΧһƬ
ӨӨһ㶼ⶼʲô
˰ɣһЦⶫŲôɴˣٴε߸ǵ֪


119 
ƻʱ֡
ƣ߻
ǰѩ㣬˸ʳ죬ӳѳϵһÿһ죬Ȼȴߴ͸һ
ʮ˸ĬĺˣҳϵĻ㣬һ˿ĸΧ
Ϊ漣̻ĸ᳤ܻ̻飬Ϊ᳤ܻĳ죬ңȫμ̻Ӫ
ϲڵ
о£Զȹȥʮ궼ʵ㣡
߽ʱ
ι
һ䲻
ʵһ
ΪôҲǻʿ˵սôǿҪ˿ߣоġ
ȷʵԤףֱͻȻĳģȻоκ˵Ϣ
㣬ӨӨ𣿡
¶ã֮ɫǱˣȻӨӨģ˳ȥԴͷǰڿϵһľʯ
ô£
龧ʯڣʯƾûмʵĶ
ɽʯͷʱ
ŵ洫С㣬С㣬ˣҪȾѽ
¶ű飬졭㣬ôҲ棡
ʯͷ洫ҸӨӨһ䣬ڱʯͷȥˣӡסˣҲʯͷ
ʲôȻһ޷ⷢһУæʵô£ôö˶ܵʯͷȥҪô
ʱʯͷӨӨЦ
ַ·˵Ц
üʱһ壬ֲɵӣʯͷһŴģһСǶԪء
Ǹ磡
ð쵰ûл
Ÿոջ׽Ūң
ӨӨôˣһ𶼱ˣ
Ҫ֪ӨӨǰûϷˣ㣡
Цһ˵㵹˵ѽҸôǳأ
ȿȣС㣬һϵ䣬ֻҪСƽǾͿԴųˣͣһ£˵ƽ﷽ǣʮ飬ҰһꡭӴ
ʹһŭѾͷҸ
㣬һϹ˵ӨӨʯͷ淢ںԺأкö
졢ӨӨվԺ
㣬
ӨӨ躰ʱҲͬʯͷ﷢˳
迴ﾧʯֿ˿¶֮ɫߵǰѾСԺС⵽ô£
ҪԾǳµĽӨӨҲ˵Сʯͷôʯģôʯ
ͷˮʯ
򵥽һ飺һĶͨתһֵźŴӶųַΧڣ÷ΧпӡĴʯգӶÿһʯڶܷ
ое㲻ˡ
ôôĶأ
ࣺô˵ɣϳǸ䶼װϴʯȣ㹻һ㹻ĴôųΧϳǵĻ֪ջʲôЧ𣿡
ÿ˵һ仰ܰеκεط
һָûֻҪдǾͿ鲼Ҽһʱǵܴ͵еκһ䣬κһ˵ļ
嶼ڲ
ţ
һôΰķ
ֵԶԶƣ
ӨӨ¶ͷʲôأ
ӨӨʱˣ˼άʮ־ޣȫʱ޷ܿĽܣ޷Ǳ
費һǿ붼û˵ӨӨô˵ʹˣķһ޴ýĸ
ý壿
½ڵϢýֽ۴СǻȡϢΨһʽֽͨ͹ġһôȫһ
ͷС˵û漣̻ӵԼý壬ȫµý巽ʽǿԴ㲥վǶΪǵڡ
һ£漣̻ƹ㣬ǧ򻧣ôϽ֡ţ̽鱨ܴ̾棬ȡµϢѶǵöô
δܷɴʽ˰ʱϣôʲôʱ䣬ʲôص㣬ڻĽҰ⣬ʱ̴ֻҪźŷΧڣܽܵϢ⽫Ƕôһ飡
ӨӨò
ֺĺܷ㣡
رǳĿɴֻҪϣʱ˽µʵʱϢѵһǳ
⽫һý塣
̺żߵҵֵ
˵Դͳýɺܴһּ򵥴ý壬ƶϢǰܸ࣬㣬ṩֺУƶḶ̌
趼ûôԶôã
΢΢һЦȻˣͨͬ󣬷䲻ͬƵźϢͨлƵͬƵʹḻݺͿѡԡ
ǿԽһרŲŵƵǿԽһרŶ½ȤƵҲԽһרŹƵԽһרŴɡƼƵ֪ζʲô𣿡
ͷ˵ζšȺܹΪǵʵڣ
û¶һЦݣصһʵڣܵӵдӵźͳߣΪ漣̻ǿʱ˭Ҷ漣̻᣿
ʵں
ֿ֮󣬾һʲôľ
ʱѷʮƶ񤣬ǼûзʽȡϢ֪ʶķҲԭʼ
Ӳǧųֵǰŵڵᱳ֮£֪ķӦأ
ĿǰҴڲԽ׶ΣǴ쳽̻Ūĵžʯ̫٣ѾѾˡҪžʯʯ
ⲻ⣡
ֻҪгļ֡
ϡʲôģ漣̻Ŀǰϵʽṩ
˼˵ôһ䶯ԵķΪʺϳǹ
Ϊʲô
ش˵漣̻ϳǵѾﵽˣʱһǰݿһأ̻һȫ¸߶ȣ
ȥôƬ̵ͷʱˣ
˵漣оҪ⼸쿪ҵˣҲʽķ뵱ЩԺݵļƻ
ã
һûУ
Ҫȥģ
һƸӡĵطйâҫ۵ĴӣݣһһȷѪ꣡


120 
δʱϳǵҪֵ㳡ڻȫװϷǳι̵
һϢ
漣оҪʢҵˣ
漣̻ḱ᳤漣̻ĵƽ漣ۣ
ϢʱϳǶһƬȻ
ʵʽǰ漣̻зĳȣȫѭը죬ϵ߹ٸµƽС˲֪˲
ַ֮һ
ַʮ꣬ʿͨͥһӵܡڶʮǰͻƵأȻͶһļ壬׬ǮȢӣƽƽӹӹĹһ
һǰ
ճ
ַʼע꣬ƽϮ𣬴ʶƺҶƣٵϷһˣļϷѣħµҶ޵ǰʹĴ֮һҶǵƨɡ
Щ׵ľٶ
пաһľŻ
ɷһˣѪȣ޺
ֺ𺳺͸ж󣬾޷˳ΪҳϵĳߣռŹڳһϢ漣̻ÿһͻʱַǸеˡ
أ
ַļֵۡۡ붼ˣ
ƽƽӹӹһǲҪ
ַҪͻƽԼͻƽͻƽҪ׷Ĳȥ֤һ漣ʱ
û
漣ʱ
ܴһ漣ʱ
ǧʷ϶ʱһǻž;ηġַԼ˵ģ
ȷʱ䡣
ȷص㡣
һŵĴ棡
ϵܣϵܣһĸŮӳȻʮּªǳõ񣬡˵漣Ҫҵˣ
诣ַĽ㡣
ΪȵܵҪ΢㣬ǵһҩʦܵһȳ漣졣
ַһվϻô飬ô֪ܲ죬һӡǣһҪ磡
ַꡣ
Щ궼ǳᣬ󲻳ʮ꣬Сʮ꣬Źͬص㣬ȫഺĻÿ۾ﶼŷܶ棬ͷ϶ͬһ⻷ȳţ
һƾ鷿˸ѪŮһ鷿ǽüֽÿһϢ涼дš족漣֮Ĺؼʡ
˼ϣӦúΪʲôɣ
ˣ
ܰ
ʵһС֯
˵֣ȡԳνˣʵǳȳŵˣ
һվȻˣҪȥ֧ż񣡡
һŮ˵˵ǽܼż𣿡
ܣһܣַ˫Ż棬żҪҵˣǲҪ֧һ£
⻹˵𣿡
Щҩ̫ǿ϶𣬵ǴǮһЩƣ뻹ǲģ
ͰǮմգ
ʮ
һʮʮͭ

̫󣬺ųˣ޲һͭƽʱǿɿð׬һǮԼأΪ֧żǮʲôأ
ߣ
ռλȥ
˳ʮңÿ˻ͭңˮҹ漣ǰռλáʽҵǵڶǰһҹȥȳ̶ҲͿ֪ˡ
漣λϳġ
漣̻ʮңϳӴĽ̶ʮʱڣɻֵĸĽʼΪ̳ǿš
ʱ漣ѾΧˡ
ü˵Щ˾Ȼˣ
ЩвٶϤףռ൱һ֣ȫǳĳߣռλãϣֳһóɡ
˺ýˣȻҲǲ
䡣
һȥˡ
漣Ѿɽ˺ľ󣬵ƻ轥ٵʱÿһ˵鶼ü
ַ诽ȭͷգȻһû˯Ȼ棬еΣĿǽյĴһ
ͻȻ
žžžž
ϳǹ㳡ȫԶĴˣǹ߶ʱ谵㳡յһƬֵҲȫ򿪣ϳڷмâܲѡ
Щ·ôԼ򿪣
ѵħɣ
ּܶͬʱ⡣
ַ¶ı飬Ŷ֪ȻżоģڼһЧ󣬵߽͵һ̶ʱ跨ЧͻʧȥȻˡ
ȫǵ·ǳֹϣֶݣ
Ƕôķ
ֱһݣ
ʱһ֣洫Դ㳡ƳȺȻ
ȣ
ȣ
漣д¥ϣװü˶ĳȣǴ洫ġ
֣
Ȼֹһμ漣̻ȣ죬ãֻȶˣôᷢأ
ӭҲμ漣еĿĻʽ
᳤ܻ´ǣ
д¥شţڻش򿪣ɫƹŷ
һһŮɫӰź̺Ӵ¥滺߳
Ůĸʸ߹ķ飬ǣ·Բ˼롣
괩ŰɫۣһѹӵıӢ̬˫۾ǳͬԽλࡣ
裬죡
漣̻λ᳤ܻ
ѾʿϳǴ
죡
죡
죡
诡ַڽż񣬼Ĵߺ·ξ㣬еĸо
迪ʼ´ǣ˶ϲڹǻ´Ǽ̶´ǽ֮
ϳϹ㡢ҩʦ᳤͡ʦ᳤壬λϳǶ̽ͷֱ𷢱˽
ݺε׳ۣ
ֱϳʷһγ
漣оҪʽӪҵˣ漣пҵһ죬ܹ׼ֻɫƷࡣӽ쿪ʼΪգ漣ÿ춼׼ֵʮҵĳ齱
漣йÿÿ춼һγ齱ᣡ
ףҺˣ
ӳ﷢Ⱥ
漣ҵ˲䣬ַȰ˶Ĵ漣еУ漣֮˶ʱǰ󾪴ˡ
ֱԹһĵط
ҩƷϡƷʳƷУ
ٸ漣̻ĵԱڸλϣȴ˿͵Ĺ٣
漣ڹ磬еƶԲƣǳ汾ȫˮ̣͸ʼߣݳƷĺƣ漣̻ᶼ۸ߴＸңȾʯƻҪ
ʯǺѽôġ
漣̻ƽṹƣԲɫƾߡ
˺ƾߵۼ۷ǳߣһյܴﵽʮңѾȥˡͨƾʮֱˣӶʮҵ߰ʮҲȣ΢Ҳһҡ
ּ۸ͨ˶ܽܣΪͬЧʯ˵漣̻Ƽ۸Ѿټʮٱʹк٣Ҳȫ
л漣УҪʲôƷ
Ҫƣ
ַ诵ˣ嵽רչʾƾߵģַЩʿ˵ʯݳƷÿҹֻ͵ѧϰо
ɴܶ಻㣡
һյõƶ˵Ƿǳģ
һյ̨ƣֻʮҶѣ۸ʱֱ漣
֧ż
Ҫ
һã
ŵƾߵ̨ˣ׼뿪ʱͻȻֱԱסˡ
λ漣̻׼ֵʮƷÿÿһγ齱ᣬҪг齱𣿡
飡
ﲻ飡
ȥг齱
ǳźûг鵽κνƷͶżľذһѣΪο
żҾذף
ʮһأ
漣̻ǲƴ֣οô󷽣
ȥһ顣
ϲ㣬鵽Ƚҩʦѧϰᣡ
ż꣡
诼ĿҪˣҩʦΣ˵κʵｱҪܡ
˷׷ȥ齱
ϲ㣬ĵȽʯƤһţ
ʯƤķгϸתһ׬ʮңɱȰ漣Ѽˡ
漣̻̻ᣡ
ÿ˶ȥ齱˶ֻõοʮҵƷҲܲˡ
ַȥģļĽ齱һɫС
ϲ㣡
һȽ
̻һö
˶ˣֻһƬʿˮ


121 ҵƻ

漣̻Ƶͷ򲻵һţгһһŵ
ַʮһյ̨ƣȻеֵĴ󽱣
ֻҪתһַܳΪҵСٲΪҲϧðΣȥɱħˣ
Ǻε
ֱ˼ʷ
Ⱦȫ㲥
Ϣֱӱ̳ǵÿ䡣
ڹһȫɵˣУ漣̻Ҳ̫˰ɣֳΧʱʮ
԰һװŵҩĴƿݵַĽƷС
ַ诵˼ضιȥˡ
ô󽱾һľϲû뵽ǣ԰ѽƷôĽӴż⼸ôܲ˷ܣ
һŵ˵
֣Ʒ۸Ƚһɼ漣̻Ụѻؼңõİȫ⡣
̫ˣ
漣̻̫ˣ
漣̻Ụ߳ȫ̻˻صס
صʱַڻιȴìС
ѡȡ㹻һӵľ޿ҲѡʹԼʵһЩи׷Ŀռ䡣
ѡѡκһ
ܻʧȥܶණ
һ򵥵ѡ
ַ֪뷨诹ϵܣҪԥôǶ֧ģ
ַмĵͷϲûп̫ãԼ̨ƴ򿪣߶ʱ
ͶĹâ£ǽŵֽƬΣһעַ
Ҿˣ
Ҫøǿ
ֱַӷЧ鴫Ͱʵأʮ겻ӵʵϳǶǲģڷϴʣ
ȡޣ
ⶼ漣̻ģ
诼ĸһӵϲ㣡
ҲΪַˣһܺߣǺȾףȥ
ҹĻĴѾҹ
˸Ͱơƣƾɴ¥ȥϳǣҪֵбƹ֣˼Ҳŵơ
ǵ㡣
ǳӳ
漣̻ˣ
һǰʱ³ŵ漣̻Ὣϳǣʱ˶ΪһںŶѣ˭̶֪һʱ䣬Ǿˡ
Ʒչȥϳǳ漣Ĺâݶᱻ漣Ĺ֣Ĺᱻڴ½һҫ漣֮⡣
ַĳȣ
һ󣬻᲻ᱻʷأ᲻Ϊʫ˴̵Ĵ棿
ּ֤һ漣
ɱ
Ϊż񣡡
ҪŬ
ǻڲ㣬һΪ漣̻һԱ
˸Ѫ߾žƱҹĻǿգǵƹ⣬׳һһǰ롣
ϳڣ겻֪ж١
첻ıǣھϳΪ˵İԸȥ׷ĽŲ

ڶ졣
漣̻ܲæòɿ
ӨӨͳƹпҵգݼֱˣȻҵƷ
ӨӨ㻳Լˡ
ϸϸ㼸飬ȷʵûбһɨˣ
棬һʮ漣̻Ʒһʮϳǵ̻ᣬƷŵ漣нݡ
̫ˣ

Ϲ֪漣еĻԻսʱоѾǾϲëȻϳǵôôֲĹ
ϳǾñһ漣иǿƵĴ
ʧˣ
漣̻Ŀǰ˰ģ
漣̻ȡöôԻͳɹֻҪ漣̻Ʒһͭ嶼˰նò
漣̻ǳˡ
ֵʮҵĳơ
ܳɱһǧң
гһҵ
ܳɱٽң
漣̻ٲȻΪϳǣ࣬ʵ̻ᡣ
Ϲ㻼ûʧʱϹ㣬̸顣
ʲôɣϹֱţʲô˵
ͷ漣̻ĿǰȱǮǰаٷ֮ʮɷתã㽫ְܹλЭв֡ɢ빩Ӧ̹ϵ
漣̻Ĺɷݡ
жѡ
˵漣ĿǳΪȫĽƽ̨ҪϹ֧֣Ϲ峤ϣܹܣǳеչսԡ
͹ɷݡ
Ȼĳɷ֡
һˣΪ̻ᷢչ룬ϹΪϹ峤ϼһмɳǱ
һԵܹܣɻΪ̻չܶ
£ĲϹ㣬Ϲֺ֧Դ
ΪϹ˽⡣
Լļƻ
漣ȫΪ漣ٻСҲ漣гۺһİٻģʽУĹǳټڴ½ࡣ
½̻ᣬţë緱ǣͬһƷ̻ͬгʱ۸ǲһģֶ鷴Ӫԣߺ
½ָӣÿÿԼزұԼɫƷȴѻͨ
漣оҪһ͵ƽ̳ǡ
ܹȶ۸ŵƷΪԲ⣬ƽ̨
׼ӽ㡢Լ۱ߵĹӦ̣ṩƷۣ漣̻гȡһɡ
ϳǣ漣Ѿʮ̴Э顣
漣пҵʱв漣̻ᶫϳʮ̻ĲƷһٴ۶
Щ̻һɫƷӦ漣Уͨ漣̻ۣ漣̻ᰴһȡΪ
ʵһӮľ档
漣̻ĿǰһҶ̻ĵľǣ漣̻ὫҰţӶǿ̲̻ᡣ
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漣̻᲻û̲̻ᣬЩ̻һᣬǽĲƷó漣еƽ̨Ͻۡ
漣ԽԽࡣ
漣ֲ̻עԽԽ㡣
ҲζţֻҪ̵ƷأǵƷ漣չĳȥȥ
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漣̻Ƕ˵漣̻᲻ԴߣֻҪͶʺͿһЩ̣ǳڸ漣й漣гΪһֻۺǿĸ
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ȫµҵģʽ漣̻ǿȻǰ̸ϣѱ̻ƷŽ漣ۡ
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Ĵ֮ϣһң򣬿νλȻ
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ΪԪ꣬߱ӵг˵ѧϰȻѧϰʱ䲻ҪƷؼ趼Ѿȫգʹ첻ڵ£㹻άּ֧֡

һƥϵǵķ
һ·ϣ˺ܶ࣬ӽٵʱٵӨӨС㡢ϹƣԼһȫ뵽

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ӵ㹻ʻʵͿԿʼԼĿꡢԼǰˣ

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콣Ӽݵ˵һ·
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Ȼݳڣûй¼ûһʶ꣬ԴӾ콣ӵĽ֮漣˼һ


125 Ҫøǿ
һɺ䶯ǳԸⷢ飬һݱعˣͳʧȥȻˡ
ҿûԪꡣ
ƾչֳص㣬һʱ仹û취ʵݡ
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127 ԩ·խ
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ͯΪȽϸߣԸǳǿֻΪ˰Ե˽Ϊԭ򣬸ǰûλô
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ͯҲǰףͯԱɿ˵Ҳˣ㣬δ޶ҪǴȥǱ˳Ц

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첢ûֱӸߣӾƣߵԱߵͯСԣ΢΢һЦ֪ΪʲôҪ𣿡
ͯСãȻ˵ΪǸˡ
ˣĬĬ°ͣٺһЦ˵ҵȻǸˣұиãϲҾ͸һ飬ͼֽҪܰⶫƳ͵ҡô㽫õ벻Ķ
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ͯСѾ˵ͷ˵ͼֽģƺֻͨǿ˼͹˼ͼطȱݣֻҪ΢һ¾ˡ


128 ƻ
ٰţƨҷһ쳽̻ĻеĪ
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ʵ֪ڲƹ죬֪ͼǿ̲漣̻ᣬأǵûбƳɷһΣֵǧʲ
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漣̻һ׼ۼۣʼǧңżһǧңѾǷǳˡ
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ķҲ赲Ĳֱ֣۵


131 һ
һ̣˷ѵʶݵһѧǰδеսˣ˭Ĳ꣬ѹϰλѧߴ
Ƽӵܶˣѧ߶ƼҴӸļģ߾Ƿ֮
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գĴ½ըÿһƬΪ½γһʱλ棬Զķ򣬴Ӵħɡ

Դݱ䣬ȫϸһ飬ֹʲô־¼ʲôҪȫܵһ
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ʱа˸׶Σ鷱ٶȿ죬Ŵν𳬼۹ʮֻԻ͵ʱ
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ҪƼҵʺ̫սģƼ۵ӵܣЩƻͨ㹻ˣҪס


134 ȥװ
ܴŲιš
էһɣʵ˽ʵѧ߻
ҪҩƷ󷨡ѧоΪ
ѧԺǹʵѧž˽ʵѧļԱԶҪѧԺߡѧԺѧԱһ죬ûбҵ˵ѧߵλƽȵġ
Ŷѧ߱ѧԺĽʦ
ȻҲвıҵ
ݳоʵҾаʮӵõоԴҪ֪ݳÿ֪ʶУ֮һǴųģҵ·չɣ

ŹȻеʱ
Ĵ嵱У䣬ҴҶ˽ΩƼ
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νľַش֮Ҫ뱣Ҫ֪ݣ


139 ˮ
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뿴ķôܳɽӣǻʲô˲ܳɹأ棬Ч϶ð
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Ϊ¹̲òСһ㡣
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ϴ󣡡ˣ㲻


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141 
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ƼᣬǵϵȨԼ10%ѷ֣ذһ̨ÿȡͼγ̴ףһÿֹݵʸ񣡡

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ѧԺڣѧԺ⣬һͬʣҿԽѡֵͳͳᣬֻҪǳ塢Ҷˣһգ

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144 
ԣϴξң
ݵԪϣŭΧ˹⻹˵ãһͷŹݵѧԱûϹͷȥˣһܵˣ
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״ݻ٣ҪߺļĴ̣ǾٹôˮһλֱӴֱֶĿģеͺ̬ȣ


145 ޴鷳
ܾͬʱѧԺ߲ٿһνᡣ
͵ڸԺλϡ
ѧԺλԺһλԺλԺԺǹٷְλϾѧԺĹٷѧ
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ⳡ飬ԺٿҪ˵
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һʮ߽ϴǶڣһϮƵ̳ۣһɫԽӣƫڣͷһСƳӣһ̰ĸо
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ÿһΣһֻҪúھԻñηѶʮ棬Ȼǰǹ죬Ҫ֮ǰ
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147 赶ɱ
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149 
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ߣҾֻ֪ⱲҲֻ㸸ףƱ˫ۣˬ߿ȻѹңǾκˣ޷ٶһĶѣ
ʵվԭء


150 ѡ
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⹦Ҳȷʵпȡ֮ӦһŲڡڤ׻𽣡ĹŹΪٸһ㣬ٶٿһ㣬߹һ㣬ôҲʶơ
ȻƱϾ̫ˣΪŻضѡ
ôˣô
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ҲɫҲ
鷢չѾȫԤϣ
СӵðģŻѶΪ
콣һȼ׻棬ԱϹһۣ㿴ϷУĸһ˰ˣ
ֳһƬţ
ƿҪһ
֪ʲô꣬ȻӵĿ޷⣬ҪѷƸȥ
ʲôΪʲô̬չÿÿϣ
ڱֱڿǵడ
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157 һս
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ƾʲôôţ
ݳǵʮ꣬ûһšκò׽ŴһȻϹȥǺôҲǷһ飡
ʲô
һɢޡ
˵ʵʵѹһͷ̤ϣⲻô
Ȼŭݳ
ΪöӷƴͷνɷѿģܵѧԺԺְ֮㣬ǿ޸ĴĹ
ʮͱ͵ȥʮùϵķϵУʮ꣬ѾӵлΪȡ˳ɾͣҲǳ˲ţ
ȫڶʮǰͻƵأΪһǿԻǿߣʱǺ֮⣬ûκһʸ
ⳡǳ̨
ʲô·ɱһɢ޳ǵƲ࣬ȴԸΪѹסƵơ
ӵǿԪ꣡
ʿۣ
ĽѷɫҽͣмǿĹԣ
һֶɵľ֮Уڷ֮ϣ
Ƶķͷȫˣ˵ôܲŭ
Ҳǰ𺳣治̥ǵ˰ĽԪϢǿ̺źĵϢѷɫϹƵԪ꣬һȫ͵츳
ƾһԪ꣬սü
ɵɱ֣ͬ߱ԽսǶֵ飡ʿۣܹƶֵĹӶϵȻɻʤ
һ۲۵漣꣡
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Ԫͷų֮ڤһӣϺɫӲͬϮķзìɵնˡ
ϣŭХһŭţԪٴӿԪֳ·𶼱γһɸߵ硣
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ھУúķ֮ԪʶԳĿǰʵҲû취͸磬Ƶľλá
λöжϲˡ
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Ҫ
ո𣬾޴ʧһǧл۵ɫȻ̹
ܿо籩ڸովλą̃мİݽȥֻΧһĸתٴγһ޴硣

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ʵǷƵԪԪγɵģһֱڷߣƹĪƶʱǿͻƶѸͺɨǧƵо練ƣݣ
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һػڿ죬ƽƽ޲žӵӳ磬ǽعһ˿΢Цݣһоա
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޷桢ʨҶ۶ɫһ䡣
ǲò˱ܿⱻȥ
ڤ˲ն
ڴʱһĨȼսֱ籩
ûõģҵķң
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һһĨȼսٴζһиֽһڤעС

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ǿֲĹڼգ粻Ľȫȼ
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Ҳŭվŭȼĵ磬·һ챻ȼĻҩͰλ°ͣ¶һ˿Ȥı顣
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ŭ𽥽ҽУѾԸԪͷųȴû뵽ΪڤȼϣڤУܰȻ
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ĪĽǵֵסģ
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оһ
綼ݽڰС
ֽűһѪ̼ϣҶվڲԶطһıӣΧŸ̼ܣ̵ֿĹߡ
ߺߺߣٹĪ⣬ҵʱҲֻ·һ
ֻ̫Դ󣡡
Ҷ߹
þеΨһףһ˲ǼСʱ㹻ʱĥ㣡ܣã㾫
ʱǲһġ
Ҷھĥһ˼Сʱصʱ͹ȥһ˲ֲֿľ񹥻ֶΣûа취ֵͨģҲҶĵط֮һ
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ڵϣǡ
Զˣ


158 ӣ
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Ϊʲô
㲻ֵܵҵ
ҶΪľ񹥻Ȼ׾ٱƣôܲΪ֮ץ
컺̧ͷ
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һɹ϶صϢ˫۾
Ҷ۶ʱѸо֣оִľþݣһ󲻿ɿܵԺʶ
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þ߽⣬Ƭƿ飬һֺϵĹڶڹ϶ֳء
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ٱ˺飡
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ͿһУܲܵסһ޷һСɵǹⲻֲֵܵɵӣȻȥӲˣ
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˱һɱ
޷Яſٵ֮ƣȫ֮ٻһȻ̹ȥһƸǿ̨ڿֲ´ѣѾȫ߽⿪ˡ
ڤմڤ𣬴˿γһ˿ѷɫ޷
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һȼյľ޴󽣹⻮ʣǰκһⶼǿʮϣ·ոôལȫ뵽һ棡
³̶ȣҲͿ֪ˣ
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ǿĽâڿײ
ȼսֱӷپ꽣콣շڳ޷ϡ޷Ԫ궼ˣҽˤ̨ʮף
޷桢ʨҶۡơ
Ĵš
ȫܣ
ǲҰܣ
첻ͳͳ٣һˣѾΪϵزʱڲָܻʹָҲѻָķˣ
˭
վһƬǽ̨ϡ
һգҫ۹âʹÿһ˵۾
ɽվŭ㵽˭
֪𣿱ү͸ɣ
һãָɱĿĳǣâɵİȻվ̨ϣ
үүڴˣ
죡
ǳ죡
ǳ죡
׷ɱ꣡
˭û⣬ȴ˭Ԥ벻ٶȣϳѸꡪ죡
ӣһ׶ûʸ꣡
ӣ
ô̰
ӵסǺӱɱһǺһɱ
ݴһˣһ֮ɻܳҶҶţ
ֱ׷ǺӷɵķƣҲǴݿɻܣȻû˿ˮ
һâǺӱȼǣ
ǳӣ
ʵƻǻ𼶵ģ
˶һɫ԰ף̱λϡ
εȵ谡
ûңվ̨ϴ󺰣ҳˣ
оȼʮƣһˣ
ƴҪĨɱԸ꣬ǵȻţ𺳶ֻķʽǳ̨
Ϲǵ۾
ǳҪЧ
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ϣĽǡǡҪﵽģ


159 һ
½Ҳַ
ʵɱˡ
ֶǱԼʮֹദʱڳҲһʵ濴½ʣû뵽곤ôӢƫƫϲԼһƽӹӣŰϻ飡̫ˣ
죡
ҶǸͨ졣
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쵰Ȼҳݳǣ
ĳ۵Ľ䡣һʳĺɴŮҲ𺳵ĵɴ۾΢΢һЩƵļ
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֪漣̻ᴴʼ˳ķЩ̶пǳ¼Ƶģ˵ûʲôǰˣһо˼Ľ
һֱݣüأ
һֱԼߣ
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ҿ̫ĵˣһһ޷ӣϴȻ˳죡ҪǣȻñһ˧
Ҳһ
ѹ˲Ż磬ѹԴϹƶĸԸϳǹųϵһôͱúýˣ
¶Ȼ˵ı顣
촴ǰ׾ֵ½Ȼûаٷ֮ٵİգȴѾ߰˳ɰţ½ʵϳǳ죡
ԭǳ죡
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ݳǱֽͷԣȫԳ첻ۡ
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쵽ݳʱˣ쳽̻Ѿдֲ϶ѾλͼߣȫѾɡ
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μݳĿĴΪΪҪֹעȼߵĳϣ漣̻ݵϢҪȡ㹻ߵĹעȣ漣̻ƳƷ벻ѣ
ˣ
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Ϊ̨ɳĶϷƸǱˣǰ;Ԥϣܲ𣿳޲ýǧУ
ˣҼɽվһȻƵѹȻͷųһɽӱ޹Ĵ
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ⲻһΪѹƣ
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ס֣
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䣡
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ϲģɽӷŭغҵң
ױȳɽӱָһ˵Ϊ̫ϳϣ¼ֻǳҵʵ׹ˣһͷ峤ҲǼΪȻһЩ
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ҶҵĶԹģҶѹȴһӻңΪô
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λȫʢ֮꣬ӵл۷ʵҲѾֻأʱҲǵҫţֶԸף׿Ҳмܡ
ȴٲȻû⣺ãñ˵ԱѹˣСһϰɣ
Ĵһʱ
һռ䣬Ө͸ѩƮƬռ
ɫһ䣺꣡ʲô֣
žӨѩƮգվһл֮ƣԶ٣ҿߣ
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ˣ
ûйأ
˴Ӹ̨ƺҲҪ뵽ȥ
ˣ
ˣ
񿴵ʱһëȻ
ⳡսҪһݳǼս˽ȥǱ߻ʤݳ˵һƽٰ
ڣȫǰδпŭС
벻ϧһдɱ죡
ǸҩͰŸոճ־͵ȼôһĴ塢ѧԺңô෽ţ˵ǰδеģ


160 β
ɽӡҶ޵ǡףֵܡ꣬ݳսȫ潻ַͻɺ롣
ǵֳᱻ״ݻ٣ֳƽ޷⣡
ⳡҳͻһʱ
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λɫʮѿѹϳΧֻҪڳЩ˸
гķȺѵ䣬ѵֻƿᣬͲһηͷ𣿼˾Ҫϣû䲻ˣ
ȭͷա
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һݵλˣȻںڣǶˣᣬѹúᣬҲһ裬ҪΪǿΪūΪһʱ֮ϧԺοãδƹܼȨôָܴΪЧ۳ִһߣǶѧŵ㣡
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ѽûлָ۷״̬ȴҲȷʵе罣Σգ
Ϲ׼ǹⲻз⣬渽һ֮γɵĻ棬֮ǿȷǳߣԳĿǰڤ׵ȼ
ķ֮£ϹʱֿĪġڤ׻𽣡

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޷汻һˣûһָʱս޷棬ǻô
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161 ƭƻ
ѶĻ
ޱȵҶһûõûϣƼҷһǶԴ겻ѡ
ںڷկһڸΪıһԵ˴ûľԳ칪һݣȪӶԸ漣̻֮£ΪЧ
˵ںڷկ־˵ҪĸһҵһֱģڳͶֲҪ

ΪõʸѾҶңһССӶŵʵǲܵסȻıѡǸ漣̻ᱧš
ѡ·Ҫٷգ׼𣿡
ǳΪӶĵһ죬Ѿй׼ǵǵһ֧Ӷȥȥðգȥⷬأ漣̻
־룬ãһ㶼īôӽ쿪ʼȪӶž漣ŵĺӶţ漣̻Ӷ50%ɷݣͶʣΪţΪṩ˲ţΪṩԴֻҪŶӾˣ
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ݼ᳤ܻ
˶ϲһݣ
漣̻һ̻ᣬȻһӶţôܲԼ˽أȪӶŴ꣬ӸɾףӶųѪͳвǱǲͶʶ
ǽԱԱȵȣЩϢãһȥԼ
콻ȥƼҡ
ƼҼһˣܲ
ȫ延죬ϱǸߵӴ죬ȫرǳҶҴһϢƼҺͳǼ̵ѣ˭ΪоǸƼҹȥ
Ĵ峣Ĵг̣˴˳⣬γҶҺпֶܻԸƼңƼ˵Ǽѹ
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쵱ȻǷǳͬԼںΪСӨӨİȫ룬ܲһֱΣаɣ
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һԺѾ깤䳡ʵһӦȫĻṩ漣̻ΪܲΣ
ϻôֱʰ
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׼ѳɣ²˳٣ȥ¼ϤϤҪĽ֮Ҳüʹ֪ͨࡣ
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ʹеԺһԺһԺԺģȶԺ
һŽʽĳǱṹΧƬĲסլסȥǧˡ
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⸽Ԫһ岽һڣЩˣȫƼҸԸԳҶҵҲѵ͸ҡ
濴꣬ʼڲ
һԺȫ䳡ʮֲͬ͵ʵҡͲ⡢ϲֿ⣬һͼʹá
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Ƿ壬һͦʵ˫壬ˮҰԲβǰ͹̾Գ֮һ˫޳Ĵȣһ̫ʣһ̫ݣܸоԺͻ

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죬ɫһЩΣԸĮһԴǱˣɰͰ˵һ䣺ðˡ
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Ŷһúúлл㡣쿴енŮˣֿԱˣСȻȥϢɣҸԺ̸̸
ڴͷ걾ҲݣӦûκζ⡣
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쿴˪ֲԴǵŮˣʲô˵ģڿԸˡ
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ԶΪҲԶǿվǰʱȴһԴǿյĸоֺظУеЩη
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ԭˣҿɡ
ÿǰ޲ıƫƫ꣬գȻڣڸһѣСڽ
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һ֧۵С̶ӽǳǣ̶ܹˣ޳ųصĻƯİϬ޳ʻ̶ӵ룬ʮ˸Ĭĺ˻Աߡ
ó˷С̻᲻
һ֧ƽƽ̶ӣ˭ȥ⣿
ʱ޳ɴƿ̽ž¶ף¶ޣüĿ续ϸӣС첻࣬Ʒ˿棬ƾ˵ķ飬һ˫峺һˮ㣬ֵƤ鶯ִࡣ
Ůʮѣķȷʵ൱һ̳ȹӯһգഺõϢ
ۣǹȻô÷ϳǴˣҺܸɾƯӨӨǵһأ
ŮȻϳǵӨӨˡ
һȥѶȫޣϳ˰£е㰴ͲסˣͳԼʱһ͸Žݡ
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ݳǴٰڼ䣬Ĵעڴϣû̫ϳǱߵı䶯һ·ûʲôΣպ鷳ǳ˳Ľ뵽ǵС
ŮһϮʤѩۣڲסģǵգϾ֬ӣüīˮһ˫â缫Ʒʯˣ˳ֶׯĸ߹о
ӨӨǰ޳Ըȵ˿Ҳһˣ
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ܹòˣʹҲϣ漣̻漣̻뿪˳죬ôɾҲֻܾڴˡ
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ôӦõ͵ôΪʲôǽ֪ǲǳʲôˣ
Щ硣
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ҪһǣӨӨԪ꣬սֱӼӳɺޣע޷󲿷ս͹ֻר߷·ߣרעһŹ£˽ٶȻһЩ
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ʼ磬¼ѾúˣλСɣǰźýӷ磬Ϊϴϴ糾
ӨӨͷŽ־ߣߣȥ¼ң
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ϿԽԽᣬΪˣǿϲɺذ˵ֿܴͣΪҲ쾫ѶأȻҲǽأ
ⶼմĹ⣡ˬЦû漣̻Դǲݣܽô졣
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漣̻ԱʼѶͳͳͽܲ
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ԺȰܴܽʶݳʱȷʵΪ˲æҲԼˡ
漣̻ȫפǵĶͱҪ죡̻𲽼ƻ쳽̻ǧ̨ҲѾ˳һ쵱УڹӽҪǵô֡
Ǯ⣬赹Ǵǧҡ
гҶӣ漣̻ݳչûôףù̾ͺѡһἫʩѹ漣̻ؽҲһܹԸ򵽡
͹ԴӦ̣ǱͼյģЩ岻ܸҹȻðŵΪ漣̻ṩ
ȿԪɣӨӨҵǵײС̻ҵģûЩôǣǰչˣ
ͷҲôģӨӨһǳʳƷ£ʱó
뵽Щӡ
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СԸ֪ģС㶼ôаգû׼ǲĶأ


163 ӨӨƵζͷ
ǹȣʵһװ磬ŲּӰ鲻ɷʮڱ˽бƮݵơ
һꡣ
սʣ
С㡣̤̲ݵߵǰ˵үȥ
ʵƽϢڵԪ΢΢һЦ߽ݡ
ŮϢƮ鶯ȻһҲʮ⣬ڼⳡкܴ壬ҹʮö鵤Ϊаȥ˰ɡ
С䣬ʮƿУҩʱ˱Ƕһڶþӡ
һһƿĵҩԱ߸оӶɳЩвƷֻƷʣȫǼƷеļƷڵʵŷǳЧ
ÿһֵҲֹǽǧҵĵҩɣ
ʵþϲеϰΪ˵ȷʵҳ㷹ѣ
СͰҩ鵤ʳڷʵϵԴԴһĹӼĳˣ
µķôҩʵѪл۴һϣѨͨʱ򣬷ʵ̼ͻơ
ֲǲ֪ڻ޷ַ鵤Ҳյģֻǰװ˷ѵʵһҡͷһ˵ͻƵԻڣЩҩʹã˵û̫ô
°ͣô˵ҲûЩҩƷʻǲߣҵóһǣǱŪһЩ߼ҩ
ĶѪһǧҵĵҩԸŮȴ̫ͼмһˣ˱ˡ
ЩΪѣЩҩָô
ҴˣʵóһƿͶԱߵ磬ƿ㣡
лС㣡
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ҷ뺯μ漣̻ﱸҵʽʵӸǺãϣһֿտղ֪ʲôãЩҩá
ֵǧĵҩߣһ㶼ÿϧЩ˵֮ΪȴҲǾֵ֮ͣû顣ֻǳ輫ߣЩҩͨ˵ǳȴδܹۡҳͻƵѶأҩҲǺܴ󡣡
вˣϹ⣬ʶҾͰ͸ǣһμɣôˣ
ʵֱк뿪ŮϵЦʱ¶˼Եοգƺʲô
ȥޡ
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ȴ֪ʵ˶ѹ¶ݳ񶼳ЦΪѹʵ͵͵ҳߡ˭û뵽ǣǡǡҳߣΪıʵһ˵ת۵㡣
ʵںܺã㰲ȥɡ
һֻصԼС

ʵǹȣŴ£漣̻жţʲôرطʵǺ˽⡣
벻ס
ӵжŻȥʲôأ
ס֮⣬Ƕ²˸ɵ飬ĴߵλȽϸߵļ壬漰ֵͶ˲ҵ
ʵɻݳǣûþŵһֵζζǷʵǰûŹġ
Ƿʵ˶ˡ
ŵûУ
ŵˣʲôô㰡
ǰ֣Ʈģ
ʲôΪʲôô㣿
ߣȥ

ҵԴͷʱ
漣ƵǰһĶ飬Ҳа˾ŰˣӶɢޣй٣ƽʿŮܼңⳡǷǳ׳ۡ
Ƶ겻Ǹոձ漣̻ؽ
ⰴ˵û·ޣô쿪ʼӪҵôôŶأ
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漣Ƶǰʮ޹ÿһ޹涼ʢֵͣ϶ѾŽȥţζҪͨɢġÿһǰվһ漣̻ԱƷˣų׽͹ըõȥ
ƵſڰʮӣÿһﶼԲιͷ
漣̻ԱæŰѹͷһȻУǶȿֺǰ
źöӣ
һ׼ӣ
ʱһŮվ֮ϣ־һ޴ȣ˺
漣̻ῪҵǰԤȻ
ڿԪ⿼⿳ʳƷѡõĲϣȫ12ȵħҩģζóǿ壬Ĺ½ֻ漣̻
ԪʽҵǰÿлԳԡΪҴ±ζ⣬ѡϵȵţ⣬ʮҩġ±ҩƳɶһ޶±⣡
ޣȵȵã
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ôõ£
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ʵò׼ǰΧѾкܶ쵼ʳˣ߱ˡ
óԣ
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磬ҵѾˣҿ㳦θ̫ãֵܷһ㣿
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ͷóԣұڼعƴﵽһңڿȳлҲܱʰ꣡ⲿֹͷӡȷֻҪԪԶȣôҲߵģܳԵζʳ
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ħⱾͲ׸ãӨӨͷУּһЩҩԱ֤ͷһҲʣ
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ԪֹֺλãܰԪʳƷɹͷۣǴ
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ħƳɵĹͷֺóӪҺ׳ԱҪһǣħǿʣָܻԪ
ر֮ﰡ
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164 Ĺͷ
Ҷһֱڶ漣̻ϢǲܶµסĴ£ɱҳϡ׽ҶǡҶ޵⣬й漣̻һ飬ڱý忯Ǳ
⵼ݳϢ̫ͨĳеͲʿȫ漣̻ʶ֣˵Ƿǳģġ
һǻ£һ̶ΪǱʸУԵ漣̻ݳʱֻҪʩֶξͺץסǿ𶯡
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漣̻Ϊ֤йԱƸǺܽģԿֵٶȲܿҲעܶûζִ󲹵ԪʳƷкܴгװ׵Ļķϣ
ӨӨͻ룬ԪʳƷװװۣǻ᲻ֺܴгռأ
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ӨӨĴټʮλϵĳʦԼҹоڷʳͷ
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漣չһ̱
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۸ǣԪԽԽռʮӴЩɱħΪˣȫһ룡
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漣̻ÿ׼ͣ
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漣̻ͨʳɫͷַĽƷӶĹע
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166 
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졢Ϲơʵľ˽Сڳ·ɢɫؽԼ棬ų̤ͨ
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167 ֪ʶ
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·һƲֻһë׵ѩԴСų죬һӡ
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·һë׵СԴצָָ߷򣬷һ֨֨ľ

һȺѹѹĶӿ
һȥʮ֮ࡣЩһﲢǴ;ˣ׶࣬ͱֻ࣬һ̿㣬ϰŰӣ֮ıЩŹڵһ
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ѨľЦ˵ôֻ޷ͺѶԸˣѨ²ôɡ
Ҳͷ˵ɳʳ䣬͵ȵģѨУз֮Ĵڣ
ڵ˵ߵ䳲·޷Ϯƾڼ˵ܲܰȫͨ⡣
а취
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174 䳲
ž޷ʵȿۻԾܸɵپ˷䣬ȻһֶûлãҲ˵ֹǺɱֵģ
˵ͨ䷿ȷѡ񣬵Ϲơʵץˣ첻֮ˣ֪ǳΣգҪȥ˷ϳ
졢ľͿĨʵķֶЧһܾܳãӪٶҪǲ죬ԼΣС
ǽŽɵģųʯǰ;üľ˷䣬Щ˷ڸУȴĸ˺Ȥǳ׷ˡ
첻ڴѧϼ裬ҾͨӼѧʡżꣿ´̥ͿʼѧϰҲ
ҵ䳲ˣ
ľȥʱ򣬲ûаɳӶϴðգħ޳Ѩ׽ȡ޵ҲǼҳ㷹飬ǰЩӶȾСͣ
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жپ˷䣿
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ͨ۷ɽ壬ľܣΪĵطҳѨǴҵġЩ޷䵹ãֱռɽ壬ո˳Ѩ
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СҲͿһһñţһڸӷ䳲ߣ˸Сı
һ·˷䣬Щ䷿ڿռܴ鼷˼ֻվŵĵطûС
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ҿгķⱻЩ޷Ϯƾżʵ߽̼˺ƬŹأ
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˽һ޴䷿䷿Ǿ˷䴢ʳĵطռ൱Ĵһ߽ŵһ㡣
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䷿һŴӵӾݣʮӣÿ棬ȫǵɫҺ壬мֵֻĹڸæµţֲ϶档
Ƿңͨ䳲ҲĽṹ۷佫ɼĻ۴Žڷͣվܹõˡ˵һת˷ô󣬿϶ȥɻۣȥ׽飬ֲҩҩȡҩЩִ֮Ǿ۾ƵϣԱΪۣ֮
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ʵһһϸڣݳǴϵʱҶԳʹùҶԼˡ
ĪǳĳֲΪ֪츳ܷ񷴵˺
ҶԸζǾͿԿϷˡһ֣صķԸ˵߱зػֻᾫ񹥻ǡǡ෴սͷߣǳѲҺͷֵʱǱסһǰ
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ּǿҲ޷ʮ֮һ
Сȴȵþ⣬ҽǳԱ˶Ӷѣ

˺ͳﶼǹ


175 
װˣСһβͣҵλã
Сһһã
ԲĶйƤ㣬˲ָɱȥ
һֻͦ۾ðâ·һ󼸸֣ʲôóԵģ
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ǰһ˶ޱȵأǧְֵĴ淭Ծÿֻ׷Ӥ࣬һ֨֨˿ͷƤ顣ΧæµĹ䣬ƺιûɵ׳档
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ĸ׵ֵҵ΢͵ǰһ

ǵ汻üĵۣð˿˿̣
ֻԼٶڿһͷİȫչһƬ籩
ŵһͱ˺ĻͰԵĵ
סǣɱ󣡡ǹ֣ȼıӷǰķȥ
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гǿû㹻ǿʶûܹʶʹˣҲǷǳµġ
һֿ͵ľ
˵ܿһʣ
ӰΣ̲ھзȥ
ʲôһ͸ȥ̾ͻᱻƿء
Ϊʲôǹⲻ屻ǹûɢٴη𹥻Ϊǹⲻϵʱ򣬳ڳĻǹйǿпƤһ飡
춼ûüվȣΧһ㶶
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ʵԶȳԤиߺܶ࣡
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176 ĵ
籩ըգ󹥻ĵطѾ
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Ϳ仯һʱΣյѳȻûüվȽţƽ̹ĵ֮ϣٸļͻȻεض

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177 
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178 
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ȼվ˶ʱѹսתȼ棬Ȼ䣬һɫ硣
춴˵Ĺÿܾǰرܶ޴նڱڵϳһֲۣ³һо״̬ʯ
ܳûһԾ𷢶ײ˶ޱȵļһײɽĶԺ⧲˫ȭڵϣ׺ݵĴ˵ţ
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ȻǸǿȽ죬ǳʱҽУڻɺܴ˺ĳҪزλܽ⣬ôܾͷϵˡ
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180 
һ񽳵ǿҲס
ռĽܿɱһֻǿĳ20֣ɱһֻһȴ30֣һ񽳵ȳǿ
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Ϊʱ䱦˷ѣϹżԿף˳ȥѰұˡ
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Сʱʱ䣬ִԹĺģҲǵͼϱǵľ˱⣡
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ǹ˼ά˵ǽ̻Ի͡ΰ׳Ĺ˵ıΪռĺģӦÿ۲Ŷԣ
ڳǰȴһտյĹ
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Ҫһǣطһһ޴ӣµ״ֲ̬ڴˡ
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ÿһŵĹΧȫɫ죬һĹѹ֡
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ӡˡһҵ档
Ǳ⣿ǱأޣëÿһϹŭ壺һǱͼˣˣ߱ˣˣ
Ҳͬĸо˷䷿ҵһѰʥۣ˵Ҳջһʻ
ԹģʲôûУûйأûб֣˵ùȥ̫ˣ
ͼдռҲôġȴôΪѾоŲܲѰôˮԵ޹ʰһʱҲûͷҿһر֮
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182 ֮
ħǼѶԸģںһ𣬱øӵǿ¹⾵ҲѾʧȥá
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ħ㴥ǰۣʼ˷չɨ˻ĵȫ̿
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Ĺһڵһžϣ䵽ڶ棬ַ䵽桭˷Լʮ֮չâҫһܼ㣬ݺݵħš
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Ҳ˵˿ܲ꼶ǿȣ꼶꼶һʲôã


183 ز֮
졢Ǻӡ̥Ҫȡһʱ䣬ֻҪʱ׼δزܴ췴ƵĻᡣ
Ǻӵǿ޿ɷϵʵͬ綼һѳɵǴξҲǳʱһͬΪн汻ش
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ԳǺҫʲôĶǹƨΪ˱ǿܲϧһдۣ׷Ǽ˵ĸǿ
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ᾧԶʬƺЩŵϣðɡ૵˵Ȼ˷αѪ
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ҩʱﵽ۷ʵ˵ȻԽһСĺ蹵óӵһʤգ


194 ֱֳ
ǹӡӵԼս٣
ʱͰѺ䶯Ϣݳˣ
ΧһЩõϢʿѪڣϧǧӿǣΪۼ֤ԸıݳǸ֣ʷһ档
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195 ҽ
ӨӨϹʹʱĹ㲥ϵͳϯ̨˵ͣ˳ݵݳǵĸڳϣξ漣̻һ羮Ĵ󱬷
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һŵģʱȥ
û뵽Ȼôң
ٺٺ٣ӣҶʼλó֣·һʼûлҵķܾ߱𲻵ܵסĹ˵ȷʵʱǿ˺ܶ࣡Ҳãһ㷴֮ûУϷ̫û˼ˡ
쵭ȻһЦҲôΪ
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196 ǿ
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ǣҶǰһԪûΪħǷħǷʵҲֻССһ̽ˣԶԶûзӳʵʵ
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οӵһͨԼһ׷ǳĽԲܸκλᣬ÷ڻһѡ
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197 ʣΪ
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սУñܻ鲻ϵĻ棬Աܻ㹻ǿڤ֮
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198 ٴη
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ײע⵽ǹżмصͨԦôݵʬΪʲô˹Ź֣
׵Ȼ֪
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챾ǲϴ˵о¼ƣŶһ·ָպõϣ㶯֮Ѫһʵ顣
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ˣϹǱغҲǿвȾˣǸҳ
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˫۱ŷ⣺Ҳң
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ס֣Ʈ£Ѿܵеĳͽˣһӣˣ
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ݼ嶼û㶨ôͺδ̫ˡ
Ȼ棬Ҿүһӡ
Ϲ¶ϲɫ
ΪϣҪۡ
Ϲ¶֮ɫڿ͸ӡ˭̧֪ţֱһŲϹм䣬Ϲҽһ˹ȥ
֫۶ϣҩͲ˵ˣ
Ϲʣ°뱲ӣΪΪڡ
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ʬ°Ϲǹ⣬ֻһ߲̿ЯĶһͳͳûˡ
˶ɵˣ
СӵҲ̫˰ɣ
򶼳Ȱˣô޼ɵ
Դ˿Цҡҡͷ׳ԸģԳؼϹǾȡ
û취ˣ
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ֻһŵǣϹܵݳˮΥ֮٣ԵͣȥϹټӦûӣ
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ݳǵ˶׿죡
һһȫȫķӣ
ϻг첻
Ҫ˵Ĵ壬ôǧɷǰ


200 о
ˣ
ܲ
Ҷǡ彵ȴ˲УȻκҲӰӴһ겻עдɾͣҵٺ˵Σմ
Ҫ֪һܷʢ˥ĿǰǷǿ⣬̶ܴȿûкϸĽӰˣǿҲܱ֤ǿ󣬴Ӱǵģ
ҡҶұشʱٶˡ
ڳң֮󣬳ǺӾˣڤ͸ÿһʹ׷ϵҲغ֢
һֱûٳǵҰ䴫ŲٳſͶҡҸûʲôһƾ콣ӳǺӣǺһһ겻񣬶ԳһӲʹĴ
ЩͶſͶָʲô
޷ǳǺӽǿˣȵѵط֮ʱٻѣ
ڳǺܵһش죬âƺѸٰȻҡ׷ߵġʶǺӲսҲǻʧܵģԽߵԽҡ
ȫ෴
Ѿȣ
ʮ˸ѪʬǿޱȣѩŮʹɱܳɹһʧܼŭ죬ô룡
һܵ˰Ϲϵķӣ
ʲô
ο׵ľ֧֣ļͣ챾ȵ漣̻һս쳽̻Ϊ漣̻Ὠȫλݳǣʼ̤ϱʽķչ׶ΣͶߡ
˻£Ϊһҵ壬ǵû׳ͬʱΪ漣̻ṩͷȵȡ
Ĳõľսֱݴ棬һηǳӪ棬漣̻һӴп汻߼һɨգ
ڶ̶̼ۼƺüʮݵĶһڲС
ֱۣܸ漣̻һڽҵ
ļһѧԱһЩ¼ƿγ̵Ĵ̣ԼշƵⶼ״ڽҵĴ⡣
⣬漣̻ĹͷʳƷǿݸǾӡӶ̻ἯҲʾ
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һʱĳڵħʳƷСԱ档ھսԴʳӶҰľʳ˵һȫܵͼ룬ظ߼
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ٲȻΪݳƷˣ
һЩطϯϣóͷдˣΪһݵܻӭƷ֮ܲͣ
ҲĴ߼ֹͷִʴʶ׷ѩһƮݳǡͷʳƷ漣̻ѸɢҲǵҰ
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漣̻ƴ֣ѾսӯĴ˵ĵȻǳˡ
ΪҪʥҩʽȱһֱܴûк֮ǣ漣̻Էſչҩϣ
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ܲнһоңԾܾĴ߼Ƹ˲źʹʦڵļʮѧߡ
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ĿǰĶܵͼʱо漣̻оĶԽԽߵȣԽԽӵʱ򣬾ǳһܹɵĹˣǰﱸһоǺġ
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ֱӴǵѧԺԺְλĸԸڡΪ꿴ųڣҲʤһͽĸԺ
¼ҹһûмҪչˣôǣ˵߾ߣôԣס
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ڳΪȫְ汣ڣʵں
ô߰޵ˣȻĸԸԼͷ
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״ɨһۣһ𣬾˵ǡݣ
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Ҷ֪һн飬ԪתźţųǷΧĽϡ漣̻ڴ˻ϷôϣҲΪһн飬ͬʱնˣͬӶ켴ʱͨѶЧ
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Ԫ
ʲôû
һ˵Ԫ漣սԵ֮أνļһָܹԸݺϢԶӹ봦豸ΪʷΰļĹ㷺ӦýӷصͶнųϢռʹٶ׼ȷԣֱӼӿϢĲ
һ仰ⶫֺԺо̾ͻ÷ܶࡣ
ѧһ¶ӡ
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֮ܶԪɣǳӴ󣬺ķʱҲܾãͶ룬һһϦɵĹҲǸɵĹ
δʱǻѧϰһЩݣΪԪ׼ǸҸоĲұ֤ѧ֪ʶͼ


201 
һȺѪڵͷо
ų߳ȴþ޷ƽĬԥ룬̲סʣоĿ𣿡
겻ǲų졣
һˣ
ЩԽ½̫꣬ʹڴҲδŵģ׾ǷǳѧߣȴҲСЩСѧߣƾʲôɵ۹޷飿
ϻһûյ飿һЦ˵ĲֵȻָǣһԸƵġǽһЩѣ統ҳһ㷨ڸǣԺҪõ㷨ɵƣҾͲٲˣȥæô򵥡
ʵƨҲ֪
ЩôĿ
µͼĴͨѶҲһ׷ǳӵԪϵͳɣ
û㹻ѧϰ֪ʶƾ׵һ궼о
ͨѶ̭ΪԶϵ֪ԭҲһֱ֪ҩɷֺ䷽ȶֺõĻҩǾһˡ
ͨѶϵͳںоɾ񣬾ͺñȽҩ䷽óǵĹݣǴʵԣ޸ģϵȱݣվõġҩ
û̫Ѷȡ
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ȴΪʡʱ䣬׵ִ˲ƣ漣̻Ҫһ֧ŶΪԺչṩάļŶӣһӮľ档
ԽԽǿ
λݵ꣬һʲôҵأ
ſڣ׼˽
ңʵʮձװ̺ճҺ壬ԪƣзҺֲ̺
ѲдѪ͸˳죬ͨļƬҵѪʬ֮;
Ѫ̺֮κ֮Ҳھ綾ѪʣôǿȡָٶȣȫӣҲھͶع
Դ˸еǳĶѪ̺Բͨܳܵģдϡͣҩ
ʮձҺ壬һѪϡͶɡ
ףܶȻ̫ߣððʧʧʹã»ɺܴƻ
治˼鰡
Ѫ̺Ҳ̫ǿˣ
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ûüæµϹƱһķǳŵľ޴𼱻ǵĴʵңغ漣Ƶ꿪ҵӣ᳤ܻôй䣿ҹȥӨӨ㶼켱ˣ
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ηеĹȰϡ͹Ѫװ«С͵͵͵ȣ֪ˣʲô͹ȥ
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᳤ܻӰû˵ܲżô
漣̻ںܶԸ漣̻ˣΪӰ͵λοҵ¶棬ҲǸкһŶ裡
յĻΪ漣̻ᱣֻȹעȡڲŵһ쿪ҵ챻ˣǶֱ˰֡
ôҽȥոߵһֻ޹ǵĹ⻬קųͽƵܣӨӨһһ˵ոտʼһȺΧأȥȳ
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漣Ƶ꿪ҵӣĲõھƵ꿪ᣬʽ漣̻ݳš
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ϯ̨ĸƣ롰᳤ܻ죬Աǡ᳤ܻ裬ƼҴһˡƣȻдŷʵ֣ʵԿʹ֣һЩζˡ
˭֪ʵݰѵΪ֮
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ʵһϮׯ֣صĻɫװͷʩһЩױû罣һ˵ĸо˲侪ڳˡ
Һãӭ漣Ƶ꣬μսԷߺǩԼʽֳ
ǷʵҳΪˣ
ھ漣᳤̻ܻ𾴵ĳ¼᳤ܻС㣬Լ˴С̨
ӨӨ˳һѣȥȥ
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Ҳ߳ˣȻһȾİ£˿ٰɢڱ󣬱ֱȣ޳ģǵòֺȺͻأССڲͬģءׯ߹ޣ߸ϵŮһ
֪
ȳһʾ⣬תµ˲䣬Գݺݵһۡ
Ҳϯ̨ҲǴŮ˵أԸܰ˲׽УǱϾǴĵϵǾøʢĴ֮һǷǳߵġ
ƼҳϢҲǺ
һһ
ǶԵ÷ǳ
ǵһο죬رǽĿǲɷһ̾
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ĺһº͵ˣȻֱӴϹټʹ֫
һ֮ǹӡӣѾѷɫĴˣ
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ῪʼʵŻͲ˵븱᳤ܻ跢ԣ漣̻սԡ
׼ӹͲͿʼλýԼҺã漣̻һҳõ̻ᣬɴҵչ˺֧֣漣̻ƳҪͷҩƷԪơԪ⿣Ѿþ޴ĳɹǽģ漣̻ƷԸٶΧıҵ
漣̻ᾭ²ֺ׼ѾݣϹơڹ㲥漣ý̻ᣬʵСˡõĽ漣̻Ĺ㲥վݳ˿ڣԤƳʮƵֱ𸲸ʮΪݳǵľ츲صı仯
⣬漣̻Ὣ㷺ѰҺ飬ߣԼ㲥Ƶݽ裬¼ԤΪݳǣṩĹλΪڽ˰ա
˶Ŀɿڴ
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轲ϣʵְѻͲ죺᳤ܻĺƻ
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ҽë
ʲô֪
Ƶʱ͵͵һŸֽݸ
쳤һøֽ漣̻ὫչȪӶţΪȪӶעǧңžӢչ˼·ڽӶŹģǧˡ⣬漣̻ὫóһڽΪʽ𣬿źš쳽̻ʮչȫ
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Щֱֹǡ
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ǩԼڡ
ʵϽԻͲ˵̨
ľƵȶʮ̨
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˶ݳ̸ףв̻ᡢӶšӡý壬Щȫ漣̻γûԴӰ
춼ò裬Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ôʱΪ漣̻ϳ˶Դ漣̻ķչǿ϶һǧﰡ
ʵһ΢Цʻڣʲôʣҿʡ
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ֳһӻ
˷׷׾֣ʾҪʡ
ҶѽʵҪѡߣλСʡ
˭֪ڷлȵʱ
ͻȻһɿֲϢȻַ
ɫһ䣬ô¡ÿµϢ
ݳͷųôǿ޼˭漣ֳ̻ᷢңѵ֪ڷͷʢ
걾ڱĿ񣬵оϢʱվֱ壬˫ͷųһɱ⣬Լһ˿ɵ֮ɫ


202 Ѫ
һŨѪζƮ·һѰմѪ֮źǷѪļʣȲҪ˺ƤѪʹһ
ǿҵѹҲѷɫ٣ֳֵ˲ͱѻȸ˴
ݳʲôʱ˸֣
죬ôĵӣһȻУ沣ķ飬ң˽̻ᣬΪУ޵Ʒ֮
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̫ϳȻûʵȨӰǱμҪߣ
߱궼һǸԼѰһԵһطչ˭֪ڴʱصݳǣǶԳҼʿ裡
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ֱ߱ϯ̨ÿһƺܲȵӿѪǰ·ˣȫ˿ˡ
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߲ư˵굲ǿһ֣漣̻׼յľƵȫˣⳡĳﱸķҲȫ
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ĵǣѪ߱ĳ֣һ׼Ͷ漣̻˶ҡЩ漣̻У˵ǽɲ豾⣬ΪֻҪ漣̻Ȼסǡ
˭֪ɱһѪ
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ʵˣصңг죬гǺӣ˽Ծ֮߱ܣƱȻܵУ
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̫ϳˡһ˿꣬ԭµһ˿ʹޣûõʱ򣬳ңɱҸĸһüֵͻȥǵ㵱ʲô

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治һ뺷ǶϹпԭϾݲϹټҵĵ̣쵱ʱҲʤȯա
Ѫ̬߱ȣ
ͷְȻвңǾԿֱվһӣҽͷŻҶ漣̻һëӾֱɱϳңƴʯܾˣҲҪҼȮŲ´Ь˿ڣȻһΪһ㣡
һŭȻʵ磬棬Ȼ̼ѹ߱
˶һ
뺷

̬߱ѾǿӲ˭֪һ㲻ӣֵĸǿƣ
νӲģӲºģ㶵ģ߱ϳͷ࣬һ취ûˣ
ϻҲȥ
ûгƵʱ͸Юǹʺ򣬵ҶӶ治ɫ
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ӴҶԳ˽Ȼ˵ĻĳҸҶ漣̻һ£ζսȫ汬
ʮʬЭװæչˣټƼԼ£еͲ
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ǶݳǶԾһȷѪ꣡
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Ϊոջصݳǣֻ֪飬ԳΪ˲Ƿǳ˽⣬ֱҳ鷳Լʵǿȳ
ֱӰѳسңʹܰسۣ漣̻³
ϣһֱˣ
߱ɫ࣬ʮǰһСͷϣ㡭
漣̻ķֳǵ沢ûϻһ㲻꼶ǿ߷꣬ͷȥҪ󷢲ᣡ
ǰһ߰ɣ
һǿӲ
߱ɫһƬʾҲ漣̻ߣԷֻӲͷƤ˵عңһ޴͸ľݼ̻ţվҲʹȴҵıɣ
ಣ
һֱֽ
ķڰ죡
һֽͨ߱ĸҲнն
ֱһɵĽֽдż֡ս飡
죬ôš߱һתȥһ˵ǾͽܳҵšǺӵսս
Ǻӵս
˶һ
꽫ս͵ǰûдʱ͵ص㡣ϹһȺˣȫü
ʵӹɵġ
ɺͳǺͻǻ᲻̫һأ
ǺľţɵԽսռ価ʤˣȴҲѾĽڸƺ̫ˡ
һζž޴ա
ǲܾζųˡ
ôƾ͵Ȼ޴棡
ãûпһۣ˵˺ս飬ҵһս
ͬˣ
ζţλҫ۵ţעһĿĶԾ
˲¶֮ɫʲôӢܣʲôĺҵսηǿУԲһеģ
߱Ѿ뿪ˡ
ˣµϻߣλһҼɣ
ǩԼʽȻչǳֳ߱Ҳû漣̻ĺߡóǿӲԵһ棬ֵչʾĿУó߱һ
Щ߸ƶҪ漣̻ˡ
Ȼûܷ粨ӰԲȴΪݳһͳǺӣλ޵עһս


203 Ǯʵ
ܲپĳҽͣվţɽԳӭƵĹؼʱ̣̫ϳϸպأΪעһ֧ǿļ
̫ϳϳ߱꼶ΪƼϲս滹ǿ٣
һֱԱ񣬾Ϊûһ꼶ǿԲŻͶóһѳɣʰĵز
ɽӶԳ߱һ֣̫ϳϡ
˵Ҷ˽⣡߱ĿϬ罣ɨˣǺӵôȥ
ǺӽȶȴûаΣա
ڤ̫ݶ񶾣û¶ȲܷʣȴȼԪΪ𺦡ڤͨڤͬ˻𱻹߱ԣǿĸʴܹʴӶԵĺ֢
ǺֱӱŭնУһӴޱȵڤ𣬼˲鲼ȫִǷǳصģԳǺӵΪҲڶʱڻָ
ǺӸһѳϵˡ
컹ǺһҲϵˡ
˵죬Ҫģ
ɽӳޣӿɶǺܴش¶޷ָ
߱ǺһϣͷѾȫɢɫҲǲ԰ֽǺ׿С֮棬һｻδһܡһһֱĬĬҸᡢΪ͵˻ܣעΪħ
ɽüǺǳҵδָԺѼһµ۷壬ôܾʹ
Ľڳϣ̼ϼϧһдɱ
ֹ߱ɽӣƾߣҺѵ֣ǳ׼ŭǸӣԳûʲôôǺӳɳ·ϣܶţܲһϰüɣħԼˣ
ֱ߽߱䡣
Ǻӻ۾̫ϳϣ
߱˵Ǻӣʧ𣿡
Ǻ۾һ˿Թޣεʧܣɼ
ܺã⡣סǿˣҲܰսʤ߱ӳǺĿУܹǿҵĺ⣬Ȼк޾Ͳһδܲˣܵ˳֮ҵңԼȳ
ǺսȭͷⲻܣȡͶ潻棬һն
ӹɣ
֮ǰս彵ҶҳȻսǳףȴܴܳǺӣ
ǾͲҪȹˣ߱˵ԼϾԼս飬ƻָһս
ɽһ̫ϳϣǲװɣǺƶʱǡ
ΪΪʲôȻ߱ӻȡһУȥɣ
ɽӰпһ졣
ȻһɾʱӿһڼΧֺܶǳĿɿڴ
߱ش˵żȻõһΣһҩһĻѾʥҩѾ߱һ˿ҩʡ
ѵǰɼҩ
ǵǣƷĹϡ޷ȻƷʣȴҲǼƷʥҩֵʮڽҶ֪ҩǵһƣʹΪڶʱڴǺֱͻƵǰΪ
Ʒʥҩ
ƷʻУͨＶʥＶＶＶ
ͬƷʵĲҲƷƷƷƷ컨Ѹ߰۶һĵزعƷʥҩѡεļֵҲͿ֪ĹҲݣǼֵǵĳʥҩ
ɽ֪ҩһԳǺ˵л
ǺӸϽϹл̫ϳϣ
ɽ˵ĴУ彵ҶǻϷˣ˳ĸ࣬ҲǳɲġֻҪڻܳ죬ݽȼ磬ܹԽǰ
ǺУĿһ˿塣
Ҫٱֻأ
Ҫ漣̻鷳Ȱһʱ䡣
ʲô˻᲻Ϊǣ
޷ҾҪԳ죬ѣһ۵Ļ볹ײ漣̻ᡣ߱һҶҺϹǣѾдŸˣǻصݣʱ򡭡
λ̫ϳ֡
ȫһˣ
ɽӵͷ˵Ļһʧ
ʮǰļ֮ɫһλ
Ȼ̫ϳҵʵĽӰˣĵ뿪壬лԵΨ׺ˣûа취ټӼ屾ѧʣûбҪ׷ʵ
ΪʱݳǣȻʹĵӱԽ
쫷ڣΨ档߱϶ʵǿ󣬳ͷǾ躹ޱһܡ
嶼ǰ壬ûôױ򵹣ֻҪмλ̫ϳһ֣Ҳɵ֣һкʻ֣컹練ƣ
Ҳûʲôˣ
Ϊ֤һУ
⻹ǳ߱ĺ֣ǳǺûֱնɱ֮½СȻ߱ΪǺӴ򲻹죬ĵգֹǺɱ졣
ɽӳһ
̫ϳȫıһоͲΪˡ
Ҵ󲿷ֽɽ̫ϳϴ£λҲǳڽ֣һĺֺݣһǵ֮ôȻһүȻɳ޽Ҳһıսʤҡ
Űɣ
ûˣ

ڶ졣
ݳǴ飬̫ϳǺӹս죡
Ϊٿһηᣬǳŵķųڳ̫ǺӾսʤҲʤ֮ģԸһʱ䣬ó쾡ͻƵԻʵһս
Ϣ֮ݳǶΪ֮𶯣
Ǻӹս죬һڴĴս

Ȼ
һ֮彵Ҷǣ
һ˾Ͱ
˵ȫʸǺ
ڷѳΪµĳţһ쵱ĳƺŽڤӡǴӹĪ⽣еܵõƺţԴеĵλˣ
ҵĸպ
쵭ȻһЦһôãͻʵǹƨ޷ǳǺΪֱӳսװʱ䣬ҳûԼһ̨ףչּǰˣ
²࣬ȫ
Ǻδ٣Ӿʱ䲻ΪˣΪӻչͻʵ
ƷʥҩҲֱһ̰
δҲ̫˷ˣ
Ϊʥҩֵ󣬱뻨ʱҸϣ
ʼվòף׼һսǺӸܵλȫͬ
ʵҺˣռͳǺӽ֣֪Ǻӽǿ󣬶ҳǺȫһ֮£Խնɱ֣ɣսҾ͸Ӧս
ĲųʤǺӡ
ֻǳ촴漣̫࣬Щɡ
۴ķûʤǺӣһʲô벻ľ֮أʱʱ򣬲Ҳû˿Ľȴ˴飡
ȸרЭС㡢ӨӨϹ
СӨӨǻһ۷ʵǹⲻĶ塣
ǳʯҩ︨֮£ʹﵽ岻壬ûκͻƣҲΪ˳ﵽѶأ
⻹ֹһѰʥҩΪ˴ʹãӲʵѵأ
СӨӨս˲ţûҪ̣ͣûҪսΪǲģٶķǳ죬ԤʮһѣֱӴﵽص۷塣
ϹҲûţʽΪҵ۷塣
ʱ仨Ǯٶȳ죬ܹ֧ԤƵôﵽһڽң¶ĴĹģ˵һʷǳС֣漣̻ᾡŵķǳ죬ʽ󲿷Ͷʺͷչϣֻ̻Ƽҽһάֿ
ǮƼҲСĿ˳ְƼʥΪӰգҲǸһϢˡ
Ҫ֪
ʱжª
ĹʦƷʥҩƳĵҩЧȲϳƷʥҩƳĵҩԳһöʥʵֱܰѵҩƷһ࣡
ǱͲ
ĹǳָĹġ
мȥصľ磡
ľҲﵽʵľһһʥҩΪͻƻ׼ҲмĴ֧֣⼸ʵĳԱҲкܴռ䡣
ԴȴԽԽ죡
ΪС㡢ӨӨľϹҪƵʥҩҹٰʥҩƷƼҽ1ڽҶã漣̻˻֧ǧ㿰Ҫ
̫
費ķչ̻ᣡ
ĴĸصáΪʲôѵĴû
ʵ츳õ˲٣ĴҲͬʱôֻ࣬ѡصѣʶһ㣬½࣬¢ϵԴࡣ
Ľǲìܵģ


204 
ұǺӹսĴţݳǺݺݵһκ󣬸ѸٽһֳѰƽ׶Ρ
׷ݷ漣̻ͻ
漣̻߸ͽƼҺͼʮ壬ԼԼΪĴ֮һ
޵վҲǣƣһȨƶóġܹǣа취ջ
ϴɿϹԸѾеǳ
òֵ̬ȣοݳ͸ĴôĴ嶼׳֣һκʧŭʮбܿյΣա
ֻĿ漣̻
ʱ彵ҶǾȥ¡
ӨӨ衢ľ죬½½ﵽ۷Ϊﵽ۷塣ϹơʵȱȽϿ죬ҪĲ϶Ѿ롣
޼«Ϊ¯Ϊһöʥҩ
ַԶʱӳһöƷʥЧʱƷʥ޼«Ҳһǳѵõı«Ƴĵҩ̺һ˿ĴĸܽһҩЧ
۷ͻƻأвûƿ赲ûκˡ
ϹơʵڿԻڣһȽԳƵƿڳָͰ֮£߰˳ɵĳɹʡ
޼«Чóܾȡ
Ϊ޼«У«̺ĸҩķϣᱻ޼«յõķϱɺ«ķϡ
«
һ磬ˮȣú«޼«ͻỺдռԽԽ󣬵ֳɳ֮ܶܡ
죡죡ӨӨܵſڡҪһϢ
Щƣôˣ
ӨӨһϲ˵ҸܴȥһܼңѾ޼ɴ󽫾̸ˣܼҲʽ漣̻ˣ
ȷʵһ£
ܼݵλǳߣĴ壬ֻܼţԲƾ̣ûĴ帻࣬Ե¼ӵԴ࣬ûа취Ĵһš
ǣߡ
ӨӨȥݷô󽫾ܼҴһЭ顣
ӨӨ׼ʮ͹ͷ漣̻ҪԼ˽ĻѵʱƱػܳҪѡһɿĴ̡
ܼеֳԴҲǿɿӨӨȥܼҴЭ飬ܼҸ漣̻ͷ̸£ܼ֮ÿ׬ڽңѼӪչģһΪܼҪԴһϲ¡
漣̻˵ٶ߹ͷʮͷȫͶ֮ÿ²ܸߴ࣬ټڿļСͷ㹻Ĺ󲿷ֵгˡ
ܼ׬ӹѣܼҶ漣̻սϡ
һʷǳ
ӨӨΪ漣̻һ
˵ʱͻȻһɿֲѹȻ񷣬յƶȾɺɫ漣̻ܲ
ӨӨˣ
ϹһЦϹ˳ƹضѾͻʵһöʥûаװ˷ѣ
漣̻һУϹﵽڵġϹƱսͺǿڸոͻƵصʵ¾ѾҶǡ彵ǿˣ
Ƕ򲻹ˣ
Ϲ壬־߱ΪѧΪϳˣ߱ԪǿĿǰʵڳ֮ϣǾǺӻ㣬Žڶ֮ɡ
漣̻ᵮһλǿȻʹ¾ܣȫܹȥΪϹˡ
֪
Ƽܲ׹죬Ҳƹضˡ
ĴУ쵽صġܶΪҪӵڷĴǰ棬ǿת䣬ɽˮת
ˡ
Ĺѱ䣡
ڷֱǣ콣ӳǺӣڤӳ죬˹Ϲƣϵ繫
ǹӺӣԴӾս֮󣬻ûϣٸĸ˵Ĳ
ǿ飬ϵ繫Ϊߵģ
׶ԴȻϲƼܲڿʢ칦磬Ҫ漣̻Լغμӡ
ͻƣ漣̻Ϊ׵һξ޴裬һܵ
쵱ȻҪԸ硣
ñꡢ᳤ͬ
һǵĹעǱǵòͻԺһٶ־׼Ĳ֣ⷽ츳ɡ
漣̻ĵλܱȣ̻С񣬻ɡ
ǸоȽرأԸȽϹšеϲŭ޳֮²ǵĴŮ׽û׼̵һô
޼ǰһ֣СֵܣڻʯһҾ;㲻ͨˣû뵽ݷƶˣ
ٺһЦ⻹öлܼҶ֧֣
ǶһˣܼĶ죬ھָ漣̻ƶ¸ء޼ɸкЦǺǶ˵λ᳤Ϊܿҿл۷ˣ
òһЦ󽫾Զء
ôô˵Ѿʮˣ۷ڽعȥΪûôסλ᳤Ŷʮ꣬Ǵзչ䰡޼ɻӻ̧֣һã˵漣̻ռһЩϣһ㣬͸λˣ
΢΢һ
漣̻Ҫٵʥϣ޷ݳгûȫ롣ȻҲų尵ڵңְ취ӳȡ
޹»漣̻᲻޶ռ˱ˡ費£Щǽֵ󣬱ػὫǮ͵ϡ
޼ˬЦˣ
޼ɸո뿪ûͣҾһϣҲ漣̻ġ
ˡ
ؽ򲻵ϡ
ƼҲμһᣬȴһõô࣡
Щһ᲻֪漣̻ҪЩԹгߣȻ͸漣̻ᣬΪ׬漣̻һ飿
Ȼ
淴ӳ漣̻ĿǰӰ
ֻʵǿˣǲŻ׷ǰֺá
ûոǴ򽻵ȥɣȥҵףͷϲϲƼҺˣպĳɾͣͷ֮ϣ
⣬ȻҲǷǳ
˴γɨƲӵƣܲ
ãһ뷨ĿǰͨϻᣬƺһҾδɼλƼϸ׼һ
⻰岻ͬ졣
׷Ȩһϵܺã˾ڸϹƴݣǰ漣̻ĸ߲㣬ƼҵȨ֮󣬱Ȼܸһ漣̻
ЦǺ˵ϱδϣôˣ
һ˫ǵĹâ罻һ˵ģͷһܻ꣬һҲǺ¡ҶҲǷſȥչ顣
ָǡ
Ҵһƶ漣оԺȺܹȫ϶Ϊһһ֧оѧ߻
һ
ǲò׵
ǼĸǼ棡
ƼĹȡڵλаٷ֮ʮԭšŷҩѧȷķ죬ҲΪƼҴ档
ź漣оϲǰһ͸漣̻ᡣ
漣̻Ӱչٶȣ˲Ųļϡֻ֪ͣ漣о֪ŵĴˡ
Ƽ˵Ǻ¡
Ȼ漣̻ȴǴá
Ϊ漣̻ᷢչٶȾٿ죬վһԴ˲ŴһһϦɣ޲Ҫ̳
ʷ漣оԺһϲ˲ܻ̣漣̻߱Ĺһˮƽо͵̣
ã̫鷳Լ˼ӽԺ漣̻оԺͽСšɣ
ֵ׳Ծˣ
漣̻ӡǸƼһһоԺʲôֶԳ첻Ҫп޵Ķֻˡ
ǣһ˵ȴһ
ϲ⣺ӽ쿪ʼžʽ
֮䡣
״һʹݵĺ
ӴŰƼңΪһоΪ漣̻żԺԼѧ豸ۼưԴϺʹȫ漣̻Ὺš
žһ
漣̻ƼҸһɷݶѡ
Լǲģ漣̻ҪԴҲΪ漣̻֮£ݣģȫ½
漣ŵĻѾ齨ϡ
漣̻ᣬרŸԪҵ
漣ý̻ᣬ㲥ͨѶҵ
̻ᣬҩȴͳƷ
չȪӶţר˽װ
ڿз棬ϲţɳһо顣
⣬漣̻ѵأܲļ˲ţΪ̻ѪҺҲ漣̻ڲԱ̻ᶼڲϵĽС
һ漣ҵˡ
ݼʮСУҪṩ̶ӡӣԴϹӦȵȺ
ϵ£ȫ渲ǣԳ̬ϵͳ
漣̻ᷢչֳڷɵƣɨ嵲ǰϰǰ·һƽˡ


205 
׵
ĺ峤Ѿʮ꣡
شһ峤жǰ
Ƽ㾡ȫ֮漣̻Ṳͬ漣̻ˣƼҸˣ漣̻ᱻɵƼҲᱻǣԪ
һĺ峤д˵ģ
һʷϼ壬ӵƸ۵ľģ
ôЩʮССʲô֮أˣи߸Ķأ
˸Ӽᶨ漣̻ᷢչֻҪ漣̻ģԽԽ׬ǮȻҲͻԽԽࡣ
跢ĸˡ
û뵽ǰγ쵽ֵز
سҡҡҶҸ˰ɣҲƼķΧﵽ߳ʱ
һƼң˵
һ˽Ծ
˭ϵ
ΪʲôʱƼأ
ôʼݳְλߵˣǰڣҲòװӭһ¡
ŸʲôƼ¶⣬ױֵ٣ӭӣ
ʮ߽ɱڵȫףֳֺıվţ־þɳɱ֮ϲֵķΧΪ֮һ塣
߲ư
ȾͿʲôͼɣ
һۣͷڣִ٣粽ĸߡ
ϰЦ߽һԹ˵ϵ繫ΪݳǵĴϲ£ô֪ܲͨأôҲһݺʹ
˶
ǴҶ֪飬ƻΪƼҺͳϵܺأ
׶Գ֣ʮǫѷ˵ССѣҾ
ǫ飬ǫˣһ֣
̧һӷ
ȫѻȸ«ﵽʲôҩ
С죬ǳŶԳһݣףǧǧǧǧ꣬ף㿵Ϊݳʣ
ۣ
̲סЦ
ڳ
ݼٸ߳Ǹ˿Ҳ̲סһ鴤ҧ˵᳤ˣһʱ嶯²һᣬϣ㲻Ҫϡ
һЦô᣿Ҵ˷ԾŶҧˣҲһЦ֮÷ϡֻҪСźã
ֱ̫
ѳɲмһ˵è֮
̶ôԣֳ˭ҪװƣǾȡˡۿҪˣֻÿЦһӭȥ
ˣװģñ˵Ƽԭģһ´ݳǣ
һ㶡
ֱóһɫƣҿʲô
һ״̽ƣƱƺǳϡУȴһǿҵɱϣһġ䡱д档

׵˶Ǵʧɫ
˵䰲֮ٴˣȻ񣡡
˶ʱγѣæվ뼸ţǳľϹס޼ɣһס
ҲһԣɫԣЩƣʲô
С㣡ѹ˵νǾߵƣĹλֻȣָһİ˺ָߵֻһλǱĹ

ǱȰ˺λߣ
ĹֱǣϹͣ䰲ǬĳɾϹٲط棡
䰲ĳɾ
ɵҲóⲻô
ѹ˴Ĺֱ䰲Ƕ峤˵Ĺľ죬ƹоȫͱ
˵
䰲ʵȨߵģĹĿеıڵֿţԲĹǰҵ򣬱սһƣ֮ѣĹͿ̿
һصĴݣʵ˷˼
Щ㷲䰲ǺεȺѪ˭Ҳӣ³ĴҲһ
ٲˡ
Ҳܸα䰲ľҲס
ѵһѣݵǾ顣ô䰲ľֻʲôأǷͬѰ飬Ը죬ôζ޷
󺰵飡
ĹٹվСϽд򿪣һľᣬ
䰲飺
ϣ콵ȼʯ콵ݾڣһǣ򣬱ħȾʧأ
ݡݻٳԮħԮ֮Ӣܽ˻ѡݾܾӣ߱ͣ
ʮ𼱣ִУ
ߣ壡

أһЦĿˣѾĺˣǻʲôɻ󣿡
вһ
ã
֡
ݾϽݾԮȻ䰲ƫƫҪ˻ˣз»ˡ
Ȼǳ򵥣ϾҪݿԮˣ˵ڵǳ⣬ҲζŴ˴Ƿǳðյģ
ǣѡ˵Ȩڳϡ
Ц˵ݳǵſԳǺӡ彵ҶǡΪ˵˳Ȼǰ˶δȻʺϲμӱãƻأſĶӳ
ɫ
־޷ܾ
⣬ʲôĹӡڤӳ졢˹ϹƣȻҲˣ
սȭͷ
ǹ˽ˣ
Ȼˣұ岻ݴǡ֪һ鷳ǱܲˣݾԮ죡
ԮȻһλ꼶˳һλѧߣЩŶĿһ˿죺ҿһѡ̫ϳϳ߱պûسǣ߱ΪѪ֮ƣѷϣɣ
̲סǿѣҲͬ⣡
ó߱ųһȺȥңԶݣǳ컹Ż
Ц˵£˴ֱ䣬ʮΣգȻһλʵǿ˳֡Ϻͳ߱ͬΪǿߣȻʵս»ǳ߱ʤһɣ
ڴˡ
οܣ
ž˽£ȴҲǺģʹϱҲ޻˵
߱ոջصݣúЪŰɣһǻһ𣬡֪ݽķ򶼽Գ֡ݲݡԴӳаɡҲ
ӰƮƮ
ŷʵϵˡ
ʵϢǰȫͬɫʱһΪʵΪ´ﵽˣ
û뵽ֳˣɶ񰡣
ⱾһǧѷĻᣬһԺҪøˣ
򿴷һۣ㻹𣿡
ңоֲһ˿ŭæ˵֮⣡
¾Ͷˡӻ֣ļţǰʱִݾԮ֣


206 Ԩħ
ȫͻ¼
һ׼ûУ
֮һ䰲򶼱οݳǵЩС壿
˴ȻΣգȻԸ㣬ʹһٳ㣬ҲҪüǵѾˣһž͸¶ŨŨǣǷһ飬ǲأӲΣǽûбҪȥðգ
컵һЦСڵô
ˡնȾһ㵭ΣĿЩ㣬غһ˭Ǵ᳤Ƕø߻ڷԣ漣̻ᷢչؼʱݲðʧҡ֪ǵɽ֮ƣ뿪ǣݾˡ
Ů˾Ǻӡ
ܹңƫƫҪɡ
Ƕдȫ顣Ȼ˵䰲ѪǿɱϣҲĹ䰲Բһӣӻǵչһµġ
˺ǣ˺ֲݿ˵ȺߣǺͬǳҪ
Σ̬Щ죬˽˵
浱ɵ
ջȫɱȻĵȥðν֮գ
ʵϣԾġȼʯǳȤһȼʯݻһУϰʧظħ
ʯʲô
Ϊʲô
Բ˽
᳤Сȥ
Ӧõˣǹȥɣ
ʵϹơ̸˶Ǳѡϵݳţǰִμѡһϣһ·ġ
ҵţֱˣԼʧϹƲ鿴ϸ֮󣬲ɸеĿɿڴûдôذ
ʵҡҡͷҪڵģȻҪӰ죬ɲĺЩڵ֮һ˿ڶ̶ܵͬӰ죬ֻһ콵ʯѣΪʲôôأ
ҲܳԾ䰲׼һ2Ʒʥҩߵˣ
2Ʒʥҩ
¶ǿ߶أ
䰲֮һֹȻͬ죡
ʵҲͷǻ´󹦵õ䰲ʶǿɱʲôʥҩ󣡡
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䰲Ϊ֮ףصĳȨʲô䰲ӸҪأ±䰲סһֶĪ컯
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ʱ衢߽ϹƸϽպϴӴˣ
ϹΨ²ңԶðշǳȤ
ϼɨһۣɸоĿģʵǺΪʲôĪĴأ̫ˣǳݣ治֪ʲôӡ
û̫ƽ
ü˼йʯϸ𣿡
߽Գ΢΢һЦԶԶʯһʯʣȴȼɫ棬һĳУΪҪ׹ƻ̫󣬺ҵ۲Ҵߡ
ȼɫʯ
׹ڷ룿
üͷһ¶⸱飬вȻһĪǳ֪ʲôĲѧʶεõŮ壬˵һЩ֪ܸʯ벻ôäĿ
䰲Ŀͷ۵ǲ֪ʯ֣˻ʲô֣ʲôӰ졭
ͷʯ׹֮󣬵سֱ䣬ô£
˼̻ĹսǳˣϹ򡣡ͣһ£ˣдţȥĳҲ½½񱻸߶ˣ۶ðɫ⣬ü߹ԡƾЩϢʲôƲ𣿡
Ʋ⣡ֱӻشԨħ
һ㶡
Ԩħʺİ
Ǻγһλ棬γɺܶ಻ͬλ棬ЩλռĳֹһƬ󡢱䡢ͣһ£Ƭ޾磬ΪԨ磡
Ϲơʵ¶µӡ
û˵˵أ
Ҳú棺ôԨħʲô
ش˵ԨƿţʵͬЩܶ඼ǳϣںǰͳˡȻԨӣԴǳƶ񤣬ּ˶ӻӦǷǳҼ̵ģӶᡢɱ¾ǵԣǧ衣ԣǱΪħ
ǲų죬λѧ˵޷õ֤˵翵Ԩˣôܿ϶ԷԨħ
һʯ̬ǰֹһЩλѷɵġڶأռڷ֮һƫƫ׼һе룬ô𣿡
Ϲ°ͣȷʵɰ
ʯ֮ȾһƬأֺ֣ܶȥ඼ƣⶼаµġЩƵħĿԽΧ򣬸˵һ־֧ǡ
о
Ϊɵġ
û뵽Ȼһֻδŵ
汻֤ʵĻɾʹˣ
˵ʵ䰲׼ôţ
·ȽռĳЩطΪݵأӪ˳ɨΧħ֣򣬿Ƽӣϱһټй
սԿȵʵǴشģ
ɫһ䣬䰲ĵľ񰡣쾹ȻֱƷ䰲ıҪǴȥԴס
ԨħԽλѷ죬һԪˣʵһʱߡҪɴѪָʵҲΪʲô˿ܼ֮ԭɢȥħһռǾѪΪָͬʱʱ䡣
˼ǡ
ԽλԨħսپӣͣһ£˵ٸʱ䣬䰲Ҳûа취Ըˣ
аֱ̫࣬ӹĻֻ˲Сҹ¾룬һаعǱ棿
ѡֻйעһ׸ɵħܽ󻼡ΪһԨħɱЩС䲻ֱӱ̬䰲ִⲻҵһʵʵݰɣҲȥ
Ϲ˵ϴȥҲȥˣ
ԳٷְΣ춼˵ȥˣǿ϶ûˣ
˼ӣȥϱ䰲

Сʱ
С
ĳ䱸ɭϵĸۡ
һѪ׵˼Ҵ߽Ĺ⣺䰲ǧʯ
ǧʯǷǳĶ
ÿݿһѣĹһСȴкüǧƽ˿ڲڶѡͨѶͨѶһݿʲô飬ȴʱѾ̫ˡ
ǧʯרģ֣ݵľ䣬ΪǵһʱõϢ
ݶǧʯ˵ʮҪ
䰲ӹļȫԺüͷ룺죿
۵֣һδ䰲
أһˣҲй֮ɡ䰲ʼվãս̫зðȻ¾룬·ձѧ
Լʮӡ
һ׷ͯյ߽á
䰲תѧô
Ĺһѧ߹ǧƬ̣֪˭м⣬λǴڵģԨҲǴڵģԨħ಻֪֮İʱ򣬻Ϊã
ѧ߶ô˵ˡ䰲ԥսб䣡ɿʹ־ǰݣ
ѪʿѸ뿪
䰲ֽż㿴һ飺һܽ⿪ˣԸ˵ĶԣòҪʧ


207 ĺ
峿漣̻ܲ
콫ҹɼϽ裬漣̻ἸҪĿ˵ͨѶĺļ
оԺоͣ͡
첻ݣɣ
һٶྫӢѧŶӣҪҹͣ㡢ȱݣռݣپһϵзƣõʵȥ
Ԫ꣬ѧϰ֪ʶ죬̶ʱֻƾԪѼټӲѧϰѾһͨѧˡ
ܣ׸
ܹȫˡ
һƣǾμ𣿡
䰲޹ءǳصһЦҶȤ׼ȷǶݵԨħȤϻպҪĶ
жǿ֪͸ðգ
İɣҵ
дϡ͹Ѫⲻƽ֮ԸħħҲǷǳõģһֻûмԨħҲȥ
ǵһʶˣһ˵һȻҪȥûб
ǴŮˣֹ;֧֣㻹ҪʲôҰ׼
ҪһЩϵƤƳˡ
˵һѲϡ
óƺǲõģ漣̻ᵱǰŪЩ˵ͽ׼ȥˡ
죡죡ӨӨ𼱻ܽҿˣҪȥݣ
ͷ
ӨӨæҰɣ
ӨӨĿһɣǳ㲻Ҫң
ҲҵģӨӨץų첲ʹҡǳȥûȥǸԶĵطءݣľأ볤ʶҲô
УƽʱºͣҲеģǱҪֲȥΣųô죿
ҡҲӨӨֱԽ㣬ֻǶڳ棬¶һԴ⣺Ǻʹ󽫾Ĺͷ׼У漣̻ͷĵطȥ˴ݿĽʿݣһгĺûأ˵Բԣ죡
СѾͷԳʹ۾
ô˵ͬ⡣
ϾУҪˣա
СˣӨӨӵл۷Ϊǹⲻ壬ַûʲôӨӨ˵ӨӨȥɡһľȥֻڹûġ
ӨӨӵǹⲻ壬սôǼǿ
Ѱʿ˲ڹûзյġ
üȻЩԥ⡭
˵ӨӨһֱڰݻȥ˼ҲǺ¡ڣûµģ
ҧҧ˵һҪĻ
Ү꣡ôľˣӨӨϲĶŶȥ׼ˣ
һͷӡ
ȫһζɡûʲô׵ĵطҪ뿪ݣҪ뿪Ĺδ;кܶδ֪գܶҪԵġ
޻˵ˡ
ӨӨһ֧Ӷڣȷʵ̫Σա
ӨӨո˵һ˴ֻʧΪһ̻˻ʹͷ뵽֮أҲܽһ̻ӰӶ
ʮʬ첻ݴС㷴ԣž˵㹻ˡ
СѾѧʬ󷨡
ʮѪʬսǷϳ췢ãܳصĸ֣صҲһʱ䡣
С㱾߱ǹⲻ廤ʮֻѪʬĸ˰ȫԱ֤ˡ
ǳƻв̫ãܻ߰û⵨Ӷ֣ʹжݳס޼չˣ֧ô´ࡣ
ҵꡣ
һʱ䣬ȱѾȫƣƷһ¥ܹĸоƿɶþܳ׵ͻˡ
ǻѰ۷Ϊ
ʵҲͿ֪
춼ûпڡ
Ҫ󱣻죬⵹óеʮֲ죬Ů˰
˵ôһչˣȫûġ

졣
ʱ֡
˾ۼݳͷ
ѳҪĲ϶ˣó˴ʱ׼
ӨӨлȪӶһͷ漣̻жġ
ھʿ׷׻
漣ͷǶôĶ
裬ֱһ󣡵г۸ͱ屶ȱͨлƷ
ӨӨһпڸˣʿȻǴǣ
־־ԮٶǷǳҪģҲرָʾҪ죬ϻԮپڶ࣬ʮһѡһǧȷ棬ֻ·ϿһвƷٵִ
֧ȷ沿ӰճĽ飬ܱռֱͦԻἯͨӣأغ󷽡
ȷںҲ֧ԮӦˣ
ˣ
Ҿ޴
Ҳǵһνۿʱս
⴬ȻǷǳϵģȻľʷĽṹڴͷ涼ӡ󷨣Ǽǿ٣ӹ̴ô
ҾͲ࣬һ콢ĹģԴ󣬴ʮףʮףΦ˸ʮףĿ߰ٶֵˮɸձڽȫֳʮĸĴգΪ㣬Ÿ²ձĳ޲գרŷϲͨա
ǹģһ콢Ҳװİٶ˶ѣϾ棬ѾǼˡ
ϹƺʣȥݷҪ𣿡
˵ݶ࣬ݶ༸ǧԭʼɽȴһƬ޴ĺǲӲܷĶħȺɽħǱݳ˻࣬ҵηǳվ£ˮ·ͷˣ
⼸ҴľˣʵҲǵһγԶţԵ÷ǳļüӲӯľĴ죬ӡȽġ󡯣Ƚʹӡš۷󡯣޷绷֮£ҲֱԪ٣ʱܴﵽʮǧңȫǰܴﵽʮǧ׵ٶȣ
ӨӨһ⻰ָͷ˵˳Ļզܵݣۣĺÿ찡
ҲȽľ
̾Ϣһ
رҵ򵼣ЩǾǳϵĴʮʮ궼Ʈ޺ϣԶ޺Ļһ
׼
켸˸žӵ콢
ӨӨ˷ܵСˣվڼװ棬߾˫֣ͷ󺰣㣬İɣӨӨᰲȫȫӨӨѹͷⷢչݿȥͷ˹ͷӰɣ
ýԶȥһ˿޿κεЦ⡣
ԽԽܲסѾͷˣ
ݺĹĺ
ΪĴݿȻƽǧգٽܺҾ뿪֮ƽʻ߰˸Сʱ
ӨӨϹƣʵڼװСС
ҹĻ٣˽ûʾԻص棬ҾһԹͷһֱû죬һ֪ϴͰԼ׼ʲô
Ǽһﾭ⣬ϰˡ
ʱһɫܽүүصҪ
Ҫе쿴ˡ
ҵ򵼣ḻϴ
ֱˣһֵ˵ںȥǾͻǴķĹǺͳϽط޺Ľ
ʾĽҪã
ŵһ캽̣
üͷһ壺˵Ƭ𣿡
жŰɣ΢΢ͷ˵ƺݺһƬ޷شͨȥûˣԱΪ֮Ĺ
ͨǸ鷳
ҾǳȽֺξ޷أ
ͨһڵϣү治ܽȥûܳһȥҲزˣǺĵ̣óȻ̣ͷǵģ
ʣʲô˵
м˵ͨӻƹƬΪ޷⣬ˮһ֮ͽЩˮƺǳĹγ˷ʧˣҲͲ֮ˡں˵ҿ޻̸֮
ݺ˿һƬһ㣬е̾ڴˣҲʲôֵ顣
ͨ˲ࡣ
Щ󱲣
ûʱ·ˣһ£ķֱӺУȥ
һƨڵϣˣˣ
ŵɫɶʪˡ


208 صˮ
콥ɫǶżŲǡ
һɫɴϼȾžۼߵƲʣǽѪһԳĺɫ
Ҿȶٶʻ
ԼСʱǰҴͽˮ򣬵һ綼ûУǾȽ䱸ž۷緫ǿˡ
ӨӨһȹĹͷĴŹǷװ͸һڱĿ͸ԼԼܿǰе
ۣ
кöബ
ӨӨ
ƾɹŴͣƽϣһЩ̴һЩ񴬣һЩС̬ͬ죬һ൱ϣľĴʼãƱ˳֮á
Щôģ
籩ҲпֻǱǿ׽ġ
֮ͨʹֻһ޷Ϳȥˣͳͳˮ֮ڡ
δҲ̫˰ɣܿģаңƬ򵽵жٷֻ
ǰһŽ
ӨӨʹ۾ɴ۾ʹһۣߴʱ߰ڵľ޴սųһţһְΧƣڻΧ
ЩɫƺĶװãһ˿޷ĵشʻ

ӱ죡

ʿ׷׳գһѰһְڿ󳵷׷ƳѾս׼ΪĹȽսװȻҲˡ
װе⣬඼ڣÿҴ䱸ʮϵ󳵣õ׳øʯܴﵽǧס
ּٷǳ󣬲ǿ͸ɱϵˣֱӼʯԿֲıըˡ
ͨʹֻһܹ
ôĵӣ
öû˸Ҵĵˣ
ǾȻҽôͳǾɣ
о쳣Ժ¾ߵװ
ϹơӨӨ־ϲ죬ãˮˣ
ˮŶʮҺɫ޴ģδҲ̫˰ɣǧˮ
Ҳû뵽һֲԪƽ˵ڣһ֧
ȴԶԶԷߡ
ʮҴȻģûо󣬵װվˣܹǧ֮ޣ
Щһװ׺Ұ粻̻֮ͽ
ϣ
ǵĴ
͵׸ˣ
ҸϣҪ򻵴ֻ
ˮһ󷢶Ž԰ټƵˮűֳֹ½Ӱ¼װ塣
˶ˡ
ôֱˮ
ÿ˶ôصıװ
ĿɿڴһĻˣˮûгˮȥ˫ŲںϣƽȻӿˣǽ̤̲һ㣬Χ
е˼һЩֵĹأ
֪ˮ̤УһĳֹɵģƺȷʵЩ׵ĴС
ɱѽ
ˮڵ̤һѰѹҪףˮûüҾֱһļ꣡

мˣ
ڻң
ˮݳǣľӰƽʱӵں֮ڣ˲ͱ䵹һƬ
ɶ񣡡
Ϊ˺񣡡
Ϊ˾
ˮţͷųԪ꣬ԪһɫǾ޴㣬ٶֱӱʸǰ
ף
ЩˮΪأ
ΪͷԪһ㶼ǻѾ۷壡
Щˮձ鶼߱߳ɵʵÿʮһѾ۷ĸ֣
ڴʱ
һɺ纣Ԫ
ӼװͻȻһ˲գηԾգۼǧףƿ·Ҫռ˺ɹĵطˮ棬Ѹٵҷֿˣˮȫʧȥƽ⣬׷ˤˮ
˫һһ޴ޱɫֶ
ڰ㣬һ켣
žžžž
ʮɴ죡
Φһȫϣ
ʱǵӿΧˮ·һ໷ѡװһһֱִʮףа׸ߵľ磬˲γɵġ
ִΦڼװϣˮҵöᡣ
ûüӦֱ֮Ŀ紵Ķᡣ
ã
쳷쳷
ٶʵ̫죬һնʮҴ󴬵Φˣ̼ƻľ硣

籩ˣ
죡ˮ
ǺƺƵײڵһҴϣֱֲӰѴƷײڵڶҴϣֱƷңҡʮѣ
ʮѴ󴬣ʱȫһ׳죬˲ҽű߸׵գһϵˮ
޷棬ӿֳһƬǽ壡
ӨӨˣЩкüʮأүһ˲ͰͳͳȫƷˣǺεȵ
˾ҲһƬȻ
ǿԻǿߣȫһ֮£ɴ󶴴ӣȴһֱ֮ӰʮҼʮִ󴬸Ʒں
Ǻεȵ
ݵһˣ
ǿֲķ籩ȻŰУôԶľ룬һȻеˮӿɫ籩֮ս֫⿪ѳƬˮǱӴܡ
ӨӨ˵һ￴Ҫˣ
΢΢ףû˵ͻȻһֵʮҴ󴬱˺ѳƬľȻƯˮϡ˵ˮ֮ˣ᱾ѰƯرˮӿ¡
еǳȡ
ˮûһץסƯȫȿֺˮ꣬Ҳ׷׶ֱˮˮˮˮﲻӰ
üǧ˰
ȫˮﲻˣ
ЩˮѪȻһЩɫģ˵ѪҺȫͬ
ҲֵԽذѷ籩ֹͣˣȻϸȥ۲죬ǰһµ
ηҾ̣
ѵŭ𣿣
һǹ֮
걾ûȤʱ˿ȴ˫ۣĿһ˿󣺡Щˮ꼶ǿߣ
ɣ
˶һ
꼶ǿݶָ
Ǿ߱꼶ǿߣΪʲôԸһˮߵĹκεط˾Ĵ
һ׳̤Ų˶һꪣͷŨңǴӣ棬ȫˮɫҲ죡

ˣ
꼶׳ոյǰʧˮǣһˮﵯͷһûȴͳͳˮ档
Ϲһ𾪣һΪǶأû뵽ȻţΪʲôôʱ䶼
ʵҲüͷĪǾһϢܳʱ䲻
ǹˮе⡣ǿһЩߣǹһ˿Ц⣬ѹ޺ô꣬ʼûûڿ˼ˡϹȥ׼㶫Ҫ֤һЩ飬Ҳһļֵɾʹˡ


209 
Ӿطˮ˷׷׷ӿϸ۲֣ᷢӲһֻ޴㣬ȫˮûɵģˮٶȼֱ쵽㡣
ʮҴ󴬶Ѿˣǧڷ׷ˮҲǷǳء
ɫ̧ͷȥһŵˣ˫ŲһС磬ƮƮնһ϶ǿ󣬾Ȼһ㶼͸ʵ
Ȼ֪ˣǾǷ֮
ô˰ڵڶ࣡˵ѵͲһ𣿣
ƽһЦķӿ̻̣𺳣޺Ͻڣڴ˽޻˵ǣǳӶ̶ӣϰɱӣΪĹ𣿡
㡭İ˺
Ʒ֮㶨򣡡
ӳ׾ĹĴ
Ӷʱû˿ս⣬ˮоһͷ޴ˣݶӣ

İڶɵۣ񹦸򶼲ˣ
ȻˣǾ㱾һɣһ˲գ׷ϣֱͦͦڴǰұۻһֻɳɫֱ֣ͦͦץȥ
Ҹƴˣ
ӳꪣԪ֮ȻţûüԶԶһƾͰϣǰѴӺʮףһɫѪ
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210 г
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Ϊʲô
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˵ڳмһӣҪɱҪϤ㣡
ˮ޺ˮһɱѽһ򾡣һ޺ĺ˸ûа취УǶĹ˵һܴʧ
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İڷ׷׳ˮУǧڷ׷׳ˡ
궼úܳԾǴ˸ˣ»صװϵʱֻӹվڳǰһϿ˵Ϊ
Ӷѣһתˣ
ȷʵܰǿƺѪͳʴͣһ½˵˵ҪСۣ˵˵ΪʲôҪأ
ǰӨӨԱ˵Щɱӿ϶ǻˣûסһҪǻָǻ֪Ҫأ
Ҳ˵Щۣ֮ȴ֮󣬱֮˸ټ񣿡
ӻæ˵ҲȲѣ
үüȷﴫʣôȻ˽ôһ£Դ˵ɣȥһǵϳ̸һ̸ô
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֣ʵվˮ׼뻢ڣ
Ҳðա
ұԣǸӦ˵İɣܴ飡
İ̫࣬취ǣ˳СƺѾأûֹ
壬ǲô
ʹһˣټϷ²壬һֻСǰܲ


211 ϴ
޺һƬȺ
ЩȺôһű˺ϡõֽˮϣϰ
йģһԼݳǵĳ࣬Ϊ״һãԱΪõ
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졢꣬壬˳һֻСۣȺ
ûһ춼ۼ罨߼ªĽɹϺзȵʳ
ʵǿ󣬵ûʲôԴټ˿ڶ࣬ӹýͰ͵ģ޺ˮǳḻʮ˲ڻǾͿˮʳӣʵڲоͽٽ̴׬죬ҲǿպŹ
Сִõ
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󵨣壡񣡡һͷҰףֵĴ߳ŭݵغ֪֪Լʲô
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񣿹ֵ磬̹ЦǻԲصߣΪͳƬȺͳǵʮڣͱһνĤݣЦǣԵıߣԼƭȥˣ
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ǲ֪ȥܺ׼ǿн׼վͻᵼѪ䣬һ仯ĸıѡֱһʼûа취ֹˣǽ޷뿪ˮ޷ֹͣ׼򲻳һʱ䣬Ǿͻѣȥ
ȻǿͨϷ׼һ˿ѪʼձֻԾ״̬ôȴʹѪͳԽԽ׳ǵҲԽԽຣӶ˲㲻ĹѪͳѹѪͳʱǾͻѪͳų⣡
Ƿ룬Ǽּ룬·һ˵ĶԲԣ
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׷ߵıܸߴֻǴ˿̱͸ݣϻһϵߣһǳȡ
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걻˺üɫҲ΢΢һϹʵǿܶ࣬һ֡
׷ҲеԾ
ŮΪԼһѣټİ˺֮һˣ¶ܲ򵥰
»£ס֣ɱ
챻ˮסȻѾãȴһ㶼ûлңΪ׷ûɱġ
ϴȻȻ궼Ҫѷһյ˵ţһ㶼ûΪľ򣺡ܺ崫֮ûв´ĻѾʼ죬ĽƳ룬Ѿۣڹ仯
İڶһ㶡
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׷߳Ĭˡ
ҶԣˣȵԼҲˣѵҪİڣиֵ᣿ֻߣҪŸֵܣȫһ˲˹Ĺ𣿣
׷߻һ
磡Ͻȥǵġϵ֮ѾȫĽ㲻ſԿ
׷ͽȻס
һ˫ɫԽԽأ𺳺;㵣¶ſϲ֮ɫ
ġ


212 Ǯ
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ֱţֱһ
ϴǱߣһΪƽƽĻʿû̫Դֵ֧֮£˳ɳѾصʵˮսĻİ˺ĳǿߣϴҲܹһ
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漣̻˵ٷ֮ʮ²ھͲκˣ
漣̻᲻ʮڽͶʾתͣΪṩʵı֮·󡣵ȻҪ޾50%ĹɷݣֻԺֺܷ죬棬ȫ
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ҪԸ⵽漣̻ڲְǻǺнͣһ˵ҳŵ꼶Ϊʿн5000ң
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ϴǴӣȥǸʲôȥˡĴȥݣ漣̻ĵӣȿֵֵú
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213 
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ӨӨҲǸ񾭴ļһ
ϳðյ
Ϲæʣ̸ô
ʮþȡһЦӨӨ˵ưɣĹͷϾĹĹˡ
Ŀһ
֪仰Ϊʲô
СӽȥôһѵѾ׺ˮĳЭ飿˵ĻҲһ£򲻻̾˷ˣһҪ취ˮȫ
нڴ˼顣˵ˮɧǣȫǰݰɡ
ͷ̳
Ҿ¿ҡڴ޷ˮ򾭹̲ĺ֮ϡ
γǵС鷳⣬ֻżֻˮħϮҲûʲô鷳
ջƻ裬ִݵͷ
֮ԽݣΪݻر׶꣬ʯ׹䣬仯ݳ²⣬Ϸռṹ̫ȹ̣Ҳǳλѷԭ֮һ
ȫ´
װ򿪣ǣս½
ݳӣձ߱˾ųʵս1Ʒħޡԡͷǣ룬ǵгǿܹйˡ
Ĺרܽ٣ʱܹɴﵽٹȫܳİٹ
֮£ͨúѣ˵ɱսˡԼı׼׼ǳϸͶҪﵽأһ׵ǹһձϮǧҲѸͶս
ǵ֮ĳ߻Լ⵶顣
ǧϰһſ۵糸һк
ӨӨҲȡһƥ緢ڸߴϣһָǰ߸ĳĸߺ죬죬ҿˣ
ǺһܺϣΪ˽ͨ㡣
˿̵ݳһطΧУгŶպţǽݳǵľӣͷǿӿݵģƺǳҵս
ǽѾƻũҩֱĳȾũͳͳݻƵ㣬ʧء
˶Ŀģ
ѵǶѾܵ
ⳡѵϾ̶ȣ±иߣ
ݳ֮ʱֻĿ꣬ΰǽҲһЩĹʿ׵ľʿһ߾ʬ˳ѻںõĴ

ÿӶѻǧʬ壬߸¡Сɽһ㡣
˶׾ˣֲĻ棿رǷʵӨӨЩȽϵˣ
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û˵һţƵ֫ѻŤһħĻζڿУǿҶĽζθһ󷭹ûе³
ӨӨ׾⡭ⶼܺ𣿡
ˣ
۲ʬ壬ÿһ߶ή˫۰ݣڣƺǱĳַȼһСµĶʬ忴ƺоϲİ
ԨħλѷʱЯһԨϢ١ЩӦþǱԨȾĳ񣬴ӶԨħסˣǶħ֧֮µħ
ʵ¶֮ɫдħ࣬졭ܲ취ȾǣǱϾƺ޹ܺߣֻǷǱֱɱδ̫ˣ
ǰӨӨҲŶԳ˵ͨ취ǰɣ
ҪףħӦǲģȻа취ҲյԴġЦһÿһħѾŤ컯Ѿ˺ѷ飬ҲȾĳϽѾɶħԸħ÷ֱӴӸϾǣǴ޾ʹаѳ
ʿѾ޿ﵹȼͣһѻǧʬȫȼ
ӨӨʵ޴Ӿþ
̵ֲĳǰŵġ
ѹˡӨӨ򣬡ݣΪô
ӨӨͷ
ٴʶҪԣ
̫ˣ
ʱŴ򿪣˳Ϣǳǿ󣬼ѷɫ򣬹İ˺е
һ˻ŽɫףƤڶֲڣ󽫾װʣһγϢ缤
ʵ˵һǽˣ
һ޻Ұ׵ˣʮң˶ķͦһɫ֪ʲôʵĳַۣһڵıǹӦþķˡ
˵֡Ϲ֣ĳлλԮݣ룡
ʲôķϹټģ
ôôù
һƣҲΣϣķ򻹲֪ݷɣ
ݳǱһݳһķǣֻپ޴ΣĹϵݳǼҼҴŽգҲûмڿţͷȣֻʿѲߡ
פڳǽ
ӨӨӶȥ˹ͷ;ȥˡ
߽ĺںȺУݣݡ
У۵ӽɽݴ֮ƾݴ崫ֳꡣ
УķϹϹٷɳ˷ֱݴĳš
ɽϹٷɳΪصΪ
ƾֳꡢһɫǻ۷ĸ֣
ˬЦΥ˲żüãĴȵųǺӣâ˫Ϊʲôû
Ǻӡ彵ҶǶˣ޷μ񡣡ݵϵ繫ӡ
ҵλү⼸λǷʵϹơ졣
죿
ϹĿһ
ʲôһ˵ˣΪʲôôԭǺӲڣһűԱأ
һűģ¶һش׳ֱۣƤ׳ķ֮һ
˾߱۷ʵݵ彵ʵ彵֮£ȷʵһš
ɫһ
һҪư
ϹԸ𱬣˵ǲУ
ѵ𣿡Ц˵ȱȣ
Ϲһߣӣӱ˶޴Ⱦͱȣ
üͷһ壺񣡲Ҫǵ񣡡
ķϹЦ˵أǿʤǺ£Ȼôأ䰲ǳʶһҶĿ֪ߵغλѵ꣬΢Ա԰ɡ
Ϲٷɳͬ⸸׿Ϊ̫ߣ޷ƣɲҪǵУʵһˣԱ԰ɡ
ҲãķϹʱ䣬ԷسݵĳһȰɡ
죡
һˣ
˰죬һҳ鷳ģ


214 һȭɱ
ķϹ֪ݳǵ飬ϹݺݵĽѵżǧڵ棬ˡ
Ϲټ˰
²ٶӣֵõѵ
һ֪ɽͻͷ
Ŀǰû̫󶯾ҪϹΪɵݵʹҪִģ¶ܵȥڹȻΥϼӴǣ̰ͼزأʹǿнӶᣬǷ˴ɵ
ϹټסϢûмֵ֪̫󣬷ױ˹עϹټҲͲȥ
οºͣİ˺ҪԲ֮ˡ
ķϹǼһҪ֧ȻϹûʲôΪϹټĳԱǷǳǿҵġСӸϹټ׵
ûˡ
Ȼպײϣ׷Ź
ϹΪһСͬΪ˺֮һ
˿̣һξ޺߳һĬСɽڳǰһǿҵѹȸУ
ݴĳţֻ֮£ʵ㡣ϹٷɳһϷ˶һ˼ǿˣһ
ʵġ
ȷʵǷ͸֣Էӵǿƻ߱Ͳìܣ
崫кüĹɽĹѷɫҡ꽣˵£ɽж֮֮Īǿ󹦷
Ϲٷɳ΢Ц˵ݣš
࣬˫˸⣬䶢ų죬˵㣬ҲұԱԣ
ƤӴڣ֣һ㲻ѷɫͱҵȣһ̵ʯ޿ɺĸо
еԥӦӮɡ
Ҳͱ彵ǿһ㣬һж彵Ҷǣºûи̫ۣ˵ʵѾԶԶΣͿԸԸӦսˡ
ϹƱһ
ϹƸˣϬĸоо֪˼ЦЦͷȷҪսģ
Ȼ˵꣬žе㲻ףֲһ䣺Ĵ𣡡
ãȵȣȥˣ
Ϲֱ뿪
΢ЦŽ˵ȻҪģǾͰ˽ˡȴģսڶҲٰ
죡ʲôӺһŮʮ꣬δѣһԹ˵ڸ޽ʿǷͷأæ֪֪
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ߣݳһսûУһСŮϹٷɳñ˵ҪǴȥĻδɣСŮҿɫűӣܺù֮
ޣӨӨȻûǾԲģǼֱԼһǵʲô
һԺӨӨ˵ͷҪķô
˵Ǿɣ
ӨӨôҲ߱ͨġǹⲻ塷ǱսȲͨˣҪ˵ĻҲ״ơ
ûɣЦȻҪȷôһСŮо䣬Ҷߣ
ɶ
Ʋң
ӨӨʱŭֱӷ壬͸ǹ⣬;ӨƤ˿̱ý͸һ㣬ʯĹ
ˮԪͷۣγһ澵̬Ԫꡣ
ս죿Ǿȹһأ
һߣɽϢԪۻ֮󣬺Ȼһΰɽ壬棬Ѹٳִʯ
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ѹӵǿķ
һ۷СŮܺѾõĳűȣŭһұȻʯ˲߱ǧ
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һϧ֮ˡ
СŮȽˣ
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λүͻƻأȳǺӵΪҪ߳١
ȻΪȳǺӸߣһʵȳǺǿǺӱ츳ܺͬʱԶŽ޴УԻ۷ʵʹλӽ棬ʤҲǺܴġ
𣡡
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Ǹұ۵ʯףȻؾʯһڵˮгɫķĹâ
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ҵģ
ӨӨһвʯʣѸ
Ԫꣿ
򡢽ķȫˣ˭ûŮȻֺ߱츳

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ѧҲһˣ
ӨӨֵʱϸ۰棬Ҳһ㾧ʯʣһȭȥʱͬ·𱬷ɽ֮
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ôɽȭ
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ɫ£ѧȥôζѣȥɣ
ȭͷǴСơٶȣȫȫɱȴ޷˵ײһ
ӨӨġǹⲻ塷ͲֽɽԪ긴ߣ
˫ȭײɲǡ
ӨӨɽԪɵʯףִʼʱѣںʯƬƬѺŽʯƤչֳǳĵֵסӶɽ֮
˫ط
ͬʱʩչ˫ط
䣡
ֱӱӨӨҲϡ
һʯͳͳ鱬ֹͷǷһ죬һѪײһǽڣ䵽Ľֵ˹ȥ
ôܣ
һı飡
춼һô
ǹⲻһķ˺ǰ˵֮ǿ󰡣
Сͣһϵӡ
ӨӨԼȭͷ¶˵ţҵȭͷô
ȻʲôӻͳһžɵСͭӱâȥƺĳõˡ
֪ˣ澵ӷãӨӨľСӣܼӴ֮ллСôõ
СŬŬ죬װģڰ֣ʾС˼
˭û뵽Ľ
ӨӨûָӨӨӮýǸƽ֣˭Ҳûа취κ˭˭֪ӨӨһȭϵˣô𺳵Ľ˭޷Ԥϵġ
رݵļһһɫࡣ
š
СŮǵΪ۷壬һûУֻһ֮űŮһȭУ˵Ű


215 ս
ϹһëѾͷǶһξ޴谡Ϣݣδ棿
ҿ𣿡ӨӨֱԴҵ÷ͷأ
ûˡͷȥɣ
һ⡣ӨӨѧĹУԪĵٶȷǳ죬ȴӨӨʤ㡣
˭֪̫ݣֱӾͷǿʽɱӨӨ
պǿԼϣټӨӨʵһɲǱܵشʱǻָˡ
۹Цýĳ۽磡
ҲϺй⣺öѡ
Ϊţܸ۵ӨӨ˶һ
ӽɽҲƣݲ˽ܵ飬ĴӾûȻ˲Сﰡ
ƾֳͷ
ʵѾһֵ
ȻΪߣǲǻصԸ𱬵ϹƣŮʵȻΪġŵĶӣͷ߿졣
˶й֮
ҲϹٷɳİʾվǴˣûʹǿ᲻ݣ
ΪһսֱָųҪһ˾ͲҪˣҴһ
Щãķһˣ
ķһӣʵ˵飬Ҵ֣Լɡ
Ҳü
ķ̫ˡ
Ȼ֪ʲôԹʵڲеȡ
ڴʱķݴ鷳ҪķæģƲ̫ãҲˣ
ðɡڤ߳׻ڽƣҾͽսɣ
̾Ϣһ
ǵĳˣԽԽ
ˣ洫ġ׵ݣ¶һ˿ɫӿ˵棺ҵĵ˲ڣķҲ޷ֵΪ̫º飬һСɲзɲҪҡ
һ̹ȻǾͿĵǿ󣬻еĽĵ¶ȸߣҵڤϬ
֪ǾɣĻѾȫɣȻͷųԪ꣬ƶʱǿһУȼ֮裡
һ·ٻ֮ף̺ŻصϮ
úãڤҲ۵㣬Ȼڤһȼյҫ۽⡪ڤŭն

ȼյıֱӽ棬ǽֱӱ飬ײݺἤ䣬ֽȻͬǻĵˡ
һһܵסȫһ
Ҳе㾪㵣彵Ҳסһʵǿܶడ
˿ȥƽɫʵǸʤһģΪײ˲䣬ѿĻ棬൱һֶ絽ϣûв廤Ѿܱˡ
һеѷɫŭն
ҲǼƷ
Ԫ𻷸ǿΪȴ̫̫࣡
һƽ֣ٴȼҪôҵĵڶأ
ԼơΪĺݺѹƣ
ʿʿǵԪ̶ȸǿԪٶҲ죬ܶʱһȼ֮衱ȴûʱһнˡ
˭֪ո۵һ룬һűųâڤӿֱӱȥ
ʲôĿУһ̹ȵȣ䣡
̫ˣ
ȼսֱƿ
ϬһֱӴ̴ĻԪڤ˲塣ҽһ͵׻Թȥ
ˣ
ĸɴ䣡
۷ţȻ۷֮ˣ
ϹٷɳԪȶסƣ򵥵ļһ̲Ȼŭľأ·Ʒʥҩ
ɶ񰡣Ϲŭɱų죬дѣѾ䣬ֺα´˶ֶǰ̣ôĴ֮
飬˷Ѿһߣѽ»鷳ʱҪһƳȥȴԼϡ
û˸ķˡ
ķôİ˺֮һ
ԳĿ࿴ڵǵѹѵֵгķǰҳԷƣҲһЩǡ
̫Ϲٷɳŭվȱȣ
Ϲٷɳķӣδϣ̳кˣͶԴԲϹĳܱȵġϹٷɳʵԶԶϹǿʹž޵ĳǺҲڲ֮䡣
³顣
ӦǶȫʵˣܶùϹٷɳóǺ࣡
ˣѾһ˿ŭķҪ̫ұرΣ
Ƕŭˡ
Ϲƾ屳򣬵ΪһССĳ죬ûҪͬΪ˺֮һԹ
ˡϹװɳô˵Ҳ֮Խȥսһ΢ҰޣˣҲˣԵΪֹɣ
Ϲٷɳһ
ЦҡҡͷλԮݶֵ˵زɽддݵţҪλүϸֻ̽ϸսԡ
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ˣϹٷɳŭһһ𣬡شҪˣͲˣ
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ҵû뵽־ȻƾһȻֻжʮߣȴʮһҪǶʤҲֻ忪Ϊͻ۷壬ֻֻ꾳磬ǲ˼飡
ֳпҳһǺӣֳһ죬֮ʣݲ򵥰ݳҲ򵥰
ϹƼʱǺǳǺӣǳ죬һϵûСҳȻҲճǸݳһϵûС
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Ǳǿ󣬾ǳݳң
ʵһ飺Ҫ˵Ǻӡ彵Ҷǣû취μжȫΪĹϵ
Ҳ٣ƾֱӱһֿڣˣ
ֳҲ죬Ĵָ˵ǿ̫ǿˣ
ѹӳ֣ڴһ죬ֹͬսȥʹһչְɽ˵䣬ǳıһ̳ƣҽɽӢݸλҲԵ㽻һѣҪܺȣ
ʵҲĹһ
ȻһС壬ȴʳԵɺ֮£ԶżУսպգձΪȻֳݾľӪ
ȻѾսˣǱǰսĲӣ֮һѵġоս棬Ȳľ䰲ȴ侫ͨѵ֮
һⷽѵӣѵľӣ޲Ĺ˶ӾΪ٣ɺ硣ɽƾֳ꣬ھְʿͬͬסǺܸߵġ
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ƾֳ꣬˵ƹ壬ȴҲûɰԸ
ֵýύġ
ﰡ˶ȵòʱӨӨܹŸֵľǰһͷ޾ʿڴҶ䶯ˣܵǳҵĻӭأʣһ㣬ǳˣ
ɽǳ棺ͷʲô
漣̻ᷢһ״صʳƷʵֱ𶪸һͷ˳ǣ־漣̻Ļ᳤úóԣŶ
漣̻᣿ƾһ˵Сֵ̻ܵ᣿⵹ˣỹˣ
ε˵ҿɲһڴ壬мĴôǮɲа
˵䣬˶򿪹ͷ
ףħ⣡
ӨӨ˵ǿ쳢ɣζܲŶ
˽ŽɵƷһڣûԹԪʳƷˣħҲôζ
⡭
̫˼ˣ
ħʲôʱôóˣ
ƾֳ궼¶ŵı顣
ɽǼʣͷܱʶã
ӨӨЩһЦ漣̻Ŀǰﱣһ꣡
ʲôһ꣡
ͷ
һܱ⣡
ɽʱʶͷԾӵҪԣʿҪͨʳܴһͨʿһܳԵһֻоУԾǳӴ󣬲òдһЩħ⣡
ħǿȺܸߣõпǵʮѳԣҲܹԣܻġ
ͷͲһˣ
Ӣʿһͷһʿ1ͷʿ2ͷͬʿڲͬȼħޣս
ⶫ̫ˣɽ޲ڣ֣Ҵ׸̸һ̸ÿԹӦٹͷ
΢΢һЦӨӨ
漣̻ĹͷѾڿԤƽڻٿʮϣһڲϳ£ÿܹƷʵĹͷ
ͷ
ɽ۷Ź⣬Ե÷ǳ
ӹͷܻӭ̶ǵĹͷǹӦġӨӨ룺ÿ1ͷṩ30ޣΪ1ħҲиߵ֣֮ǾùͷĻƷʿ϶ҪܸߣҪ1000-1500֮䣡
ͷۼ۸񲻱ˣ
Ͼǿ޽зճɱġ
30̫ˣɽ붼û˵4000ңÿ60ô
۸Ǻܲˡ
ӨӨԥɽϽ˵ڻͷЩͷҪͱǰϵģҲΪˡǾϵ漣̻Ȼݱ˽ס
ȻҲҪǮġ
ֱ䵽ǰȥ鷳ȴռȻĵƣͷתһ£ÿ׬һǧʲôںǮϾͷЧս
ãӨӨˣ6060򣡡
ӨӨյݾ̸һʴ󵥣ݽҵĶÿΪ漣̻ᴴǧҵ


216 Ԩħ
峿ݾᡣ
ݳǳ򲿶ӣȾĴƣҪȶססħļһӪغƺƵһѼ⵶ֱ롣
սپ
һٴݻʯ
ݳԷ;
ⳡĴѣΪݴʧ̫˰ϣϣϣǿƽֻΪ´
򰲸ĵλҪģݡݵǿ֧Ԯսܴݻʯԭǧ
꣡
꣡
ߺ
˵ʹ顣
ⳡѴǲƲʧʧʧȥ˺ӡ
ڲõĺˣ
İ˺Ĺǿߣ
ͨĿо͸һǿ˺һγλʲô㲻أ
ףˡڼϣҵĿ˿Ա߳ʣȥˣ
쿪ʼûˡ
һЦȥǰһЩ׼Էķ
εͷе㽻飬ŮԸһ޷˭֪ԳΨǴӣһһﰡ
˵
Сıʲô
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ֶħԽǿӰͻԽӡ
ڴΧرԨϢȾ˵ֶħʵǳǿ
Զħ˲䣬ֱȥһʿħԨħ
ЩܵԨϢȾأδܳһʱ䶼ֲﶯӰ죬೤ʱڴ˷ҲὥػһЩȻҪ۵ģ鱩ŰɱŭΪࡣ
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ӹȻǳϬȫһߵɱ


217 ħױ
ԨħʿԨ֮ħγɵĹȻħУսǿ̶վޣĹǰֱ͸ֽһ
һǧֱӰԨħɱһԴϮüʮ˳Ԩħ룬̿ʼؼ١
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ЩħƤͺʵһʻȻף˫ؽڴ죬ǰ֫һڵļ⵶жٶȣ׺̶ȣͨħҪǿܶࡣ
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һͷƺƵԱħУ


218 ֮
ЩԱħױٶȷǳ죬ȫٱܲ٣ԱͷĹʽֹһηըҩ
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ûʱ䣡ǵĽʿԽԽأĹŰÿһǧǳףȫڴ˾̫ϧˣ𣺡ֱӶ֣


219 սʤ
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ӳһĸħ飬ȻɢȥԺ󣬰ƮɢδϨĻ¾ۼֱֻħֻɵһֻѣ
ʯٻħԽԽˣǱʯ룡
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ʯŻ棬âޱȣɫ̫һֲֿٶȿ׹䡣

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ķѾûжԿͷɣȻˣ
һʣȴƺûиѡ񣺡ϱ
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220 յ
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Ԩħ¼Ҳ߱ԽѼʵȻʽôңȻܹ֮⣡
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222 Ԩ
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ҲȻģԨħôǿ󣬳һССƿڻ£


223 ħ
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ħ岻̫ȶһ׶׳ȼɫ棬ԴһԶǣŶħϢһֻصԨħһ
ħֵʱãĿΧߵǰһɾ񲨶ͷųң
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˵ˣ
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ڤ׻𽣴ɣΪ󾫽һǿĴ֡
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˶û⣬һʱ䶼ҡͷ
ʵ˵ħ񣬻ȥ䰲ͣôʴ󹦳Ҫأ

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С㲻мҽ̵ŮϹѾͷ
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𣿡Ϲٷɳţ⼸ܶԸͷͷ⼸ӱƽڣǣҺӱֱӽΪ̣߳
Ϊʲô뿪ս
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ϹϹģ˵ϵҪһӡʵŮҲ׶ݴĹڱܺãҲԷŹ
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224 
ƽʱԵģһ߸ϵıѩˣƢϹƻƢҿ˵ɱ˲գۣһֿ϶Ҫɱ䡣
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Ϲٷɳˣܲ޹ɣκ¶ԭģɱˣȥɱ
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ϹƸϹٷɳֹһΣܹоķӵصĲ壬ҲֵֻܿסϹٷɳ
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ϹٷɳȻһȻ׼гĽϣӲѳƳҴ˵֮⣬ڲϲУȻܵǿĳ
ķӹȻӡ

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֪ʧȥеĽ㻹ܷӳĹ𣿡Ϲٷɳһ˵Լɣ
ڤˮ㾧Ө⻬Уһںڵһڵī֭ϱ仯γһϸСķģ˲γһɾ޴ķӡ֮
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һСɽȻѹϡ
ϹٷɳһӴʣһī鿪ī㼤дûһӡХżÿһ̺ǿƻ

ħԪͷų
ڤâǡ
һǿὣնϮӡͳͳձһεīڵϡЩīȴûʧȴһ˶ޱȵķ
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һ־ʩչϣϹٷɳ˲ŲƵκһīϣٶ֮죬Բ׽˲䱬籩ĹͲųͬʱλá
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ħԪͷųһǿڤֱӲһӿ緢˲īˣͬʱһŭնϹٷɳȥ

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ϹٷɳŭĳХһԪӿȻһɾ޴īһ˰Ʊڶ¡
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ôˣ쳰Цķӵô
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ʼ磺ұûɱֻѣ
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Ǻðɣ쿴ŰϹٷɳֻ̾һ˵һӣ


225 ݵľ
Сʱ֮ݳųŽϸ޶СʼҴ֮·
ټݳǣһӹ⡣뿪ĳʿΪǮʵ뿪ݳҲûԡеͽײʱû뿪ģ汲ݳǣ뿪ҪôԱҪôȥأ
뿪ݳǣǽΪ޸Ƽ
뿪ݳǣΪ̡
뿪ݳǣζŵ롣
˭Ըȥ̤Σնδ֪;
ݳǰѷɫݳǣǰˮǰʢѷκһǣһسͻȻ˻ĳ棿ѵıôͻȻ
ݣ
ݣ
׷ԲԵ˴СԷڽֵ㳡ϣΪݳ֪ϣãȻ漣
ȻڳеסۼԨ޷ȣΪػߡ
䰲͹̬Ͼ̶ȣڷѾ̫٣ԶҲˣϾԨħڲϱǿ
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ãããȻһ̾ҽһ֧ĲӣҲݶ꣡ǹݳǣȴǾԮ

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ϹơꡢʵԼӨӨ𺳵ĳҲˡ
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Ǻӷʢʱ֮Ƿ׷¹Ȼǹǿ־òϥѡİݺٳֹǰȫǷĹл档
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Ǳɳ켣һӶҵ鰡
մ˳Ĺ⣬ǳҳΪߣ˷һѣʲôźأ
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棬ķȻݶҧ飬Ҳûа취ðŴΥȥɱ죬ܵסˣҲֻˣ
񻶺ⳡݵĴѣĻ


226 һγ
δʱ䣬ݱħ֮ԨħʼսݾԼٶȽ
ȫˡ
һݵ꣬漣ɵ֮޷ĵħ˭޷⵽ôģƫƫˣ
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˵Σվܽˣ鷳ȴûȫԨϢȾأڶԱʹá
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Ŀͷ۵ƺݳǱȾزκũҩ涼ܳ⣬ħ޳ʱ䱻ԨϢȾҲױҸ߹ԡ
˭֪ԴҲн
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ڶ֣ɴ಻Ⱦ¼Ĳֲֻ̺ԨϢֲҲǡǡΪˣǷǳϡĻȻܹΪݴѵأΪһɫԴ
ããã
򼤶ٴζԳһݡ
ţβݣԸݳ

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˴γˣһ¡ط͵ģԳȻɻڴټϳṩķȷʵЧܴžʮ䣬þİ»ָ֮
˴漣̻ᣬѾ֪漣̻ᣬһڱʽչĴ̻ᣬԸ̻Ǻǰ;ġ
ϴԥ
õĻûУһҪΰղУ
һЦһȷѡΪ漣̻⣬ҲһʾɣӨӨȥ˰
ԼʮӺ
ʮڴ̧Ѩ
ӨӨһ֣
ʮڴ俪˲䣬ӲӵĽңȻǰ˶ɵˣûһԼôǮ
һڽңȻֲƴӣԤֵܣֻҪֵܸҳ죬׬ǮĻǣ
߲㶼¶֮ɫ
λүǮĲ񰡣
Ȼ۾գͳȥһڽң
һڽҶĴԣһʲСĲƸˣЩΪˮԣǸһ콵ĺƣ
첻вŻôǮҺ壬ҪΪ䣬ʮ֮
ʵ벻׻ʲôܾܾ


227 
ϴʵ֪漣ֺ̻ǽʲôչ
ȷʵϿ漣̻ѾҪ˵漣̻ᣬڸòȡʲôƵĺھﻹúʣǺҪģһҪʸģôܰģһѾɵսȥڻңϴ˭˵ȥ
ԶʮϺζ𣿡ûشֻŰڶʳϺҲǳϡǸûһζˡ
ܲ壡
޺룬ϺҲĶʱζϡ
ӨӨʣͷó
ӨӨʮͷٷֵ߲˺ѹͷ򿪣ȷħ⡣
Ц˵漣̻еһʳƷλ˵⣡
첻ش⣬ЩֹȴҲҾܾ졣
߲ԱƷڹͷʳ
һ˲䶼е̾
ͷζǾû˵ģħͲҩƣǵܹӣΪʿٻָʳܹΪ
ö
Ǻö
ӦסŻؿ˵漣̻һ̻ᣬ̻ᵱȻҪ׬Ǯ漣̻ͷɫƷ֮һⶫгǰλῴɣмȴȱ㹻̶ӡ޺Ĵݿ漣̻ԼγҲӮ֮·
˳һŶ衣
漣̻ͶʾǻԴǮȥţһõǰڵľ㹻ֺʵʵֻҪµ֧̾ܽӣڸݿֶ棬Ϊһȫ԰̰ӶĴװɡ׳ͬʱҲܽ漣̻鲼أ漣̻׬ǮֻͶʾô򵥡
˼սȭͷ
˭ҵ󣿶˵ɾҵ
ܻ漣̻Ӵ֧֣Ծﱾʵ͵ֶ̣ܴ̾棬б׳ʵΪĹһɣ
ǻʲôɻ𣿡
ûˣǽ漣̻ĺƻϴûк֮󣬡ΨһϷǵıǾϵ䣬ｫʩչ֪òȫǻָʽ漣̻
Ͳµϴ£ֱվ˵ȴȥżɣ
ֵܱһȺӶֻһ֧СΪջһŲرͼ޺ҵرͼıءǧӶŶñش˭֪˱µƣ޺Զܵ½ˡ
ʮֵܽʼŰɵĹģմﵽĿǰʮ֮ޣȻѾΪĹһȴʼղ̫ߵֻܳΪһΪǿ
żȽϸȤԾȥ
ϴȻ̴ܾųż
żأ
һغ׵ܶλãһϵĵã߽ʱֻذ塢ǽڣӣȫһصɫʯ죬⻬͸
ǽкö๦ѽ
Ů߽ʱ̽ˮǽϣȻд֣кܶศͼΣȻһƪƪŹ
ϴǳ߹ǹŴĹ޷ġȻܹƽѣżذʮƪֻƽвƪȴѾ
ѹ־γɰɡ
ЩȷʵһУ
սǼģˮϾԱͨͬǿöࡣ
Ժ幦˽ⲻȴҲܷЩǳⲻ̫ѣǳдһݴݳȥԻ˰ƽġ
ϴһ
ܰѹƽʵǣ
տյûʲôֵǮֻʮʮǰͱֵܰˡλãһߴޱȵ˼̳ɢص
̳ΪģһȦεĹžֲΧߵžԱߵʱоһֹϵɢŷǳŨϢ
Ǿ֮ԴϴָŹž˵ÿһμ󣬹žͻһȪˮϻõͨȪˮõġ
ߵһ߹۲켸ӣÿھڷӡܵʬǣǺ˵һְơӾӿȪˮʵںϺܹγɵģȻܿʵȴ̺֮ǸǿаռػܵѪͳ
ô
һعļ׵ǣӼ׵ӦҲȡ衣ĹܸıѪͳô֮᲻ͬЧأ
ͷһ
бҪоһ¡
ҴһȥоȡɫĺȪˮŶϴ˵ʹˣ
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ӨӨϹƵ˶һ
ѽһֱһﰡ
̾Ϣ˵̫ˣܰ䣬ȴѰԭӡ
ˣҲ֪ˡ
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ȥ꣬һ꣬Ȼ
Ѿ˽ˣ˴γдϲֻ̫ȰǼ䣬ʱﲻϡͣٶϴ˵ǸҵͷЭǩȪˮרЧҩˮʱֻҪҩȪ棬ԺȪˮûиˡ
زС
Ҫ䣬ȴֱڲֵĺѪͳΪֻӵкľľܸΪ¡
򴫳ûˣֿʲôأ
ȾǾĴˣ
ϴ鼤־ȾΪ￼ǣκε飿
ûзϻʣһϡѪΪＸ߲ڵ֮Ѿ֮ˣǼֱ֮
ڶ죬³Ҿ⣬Ҵʹֻ
İӾҪڣԼǧྫӢȫݡ
ľӢڷǳǿձ߱ˡΪʿҲ൱ߣԲ·ĹҲһɷǳǿˮսܵУ
Ҳǳ쿴ؾԭ
κ漣̻̱ʽ壡
ϾԴһ֧鲼ĹĴ̼γɡ漣̻Ὣڸ޶רͷˮ·Ӱɢȥ
ﱾʵͺǿ
ֻҪܹ˳ϴף̾һĴţ
ˮû˸ǣ漣̻ˮ·ҲΪ漣̻һҪ롣
ңðǾҲôˣĹнӺҳ춼һɳаˣ

峿ʱ֣ӵִݡ
꣡ӨӨվڼװԶԶͷ߾˫ּ󺰣ڻݺۣ
ӨӨûһɱȴҲʶѾӨӨǳĴ
粻̫ƽ
±ַֹҲû赲콵Ҫϵıǿӵ㹻ʵܱԼԼߵˡӨӨʶҪԣһҪԼøҪ漣̻ø


228 Ӧս
׷׿ľӢûн䣬ֻͷϰֵܽ˳ǡ
ݾӿȻһƬ䶯
Ȼ˵ݷһδЩʿϢһѸٴ飬ⲻҪһѣ͸һ¥ˡ
ϾȴóˣǺպմ󹦰
ݳǵı仯ȴǺܴ󣬳ҪֵװõƣϽ̵Ĺ㲥ֻҪߵ㳡ҵ֣֣һжḻݳⶼ漣̻ĸı䡣
Ӿȵǣһֵĺɫ豸Լһ峤ȣܴﵽʮӸ豸﷢漣̻㲥վ
ǱЯʽô
һǴСĽ
ֳִСһֱиͷ伮СԷ֮󽻸ͯС㣬Ȼ͸ͯСоôı豸С
ֻǳȥһݣȻѾƷˣ
Чǲ
Яʽͨİ˷֮һС˵źŽһ㣬Чһ㣬ӱЯԣռ
һоȻǷǳ
ֻļڲԸƹ㣬ȫоԺæµͺˡ
ݳ𣿡
ȶʮǰܶడ
ϴֵ̤żʵ棬ݳǽֵ֮ϣһиǻİУһӯĸо
ʮ갡
ʮ꣡
мʮꣿ
һδҡݳǽֵϡ
һڶˣȫҪʼˡ
վСǱ漣̻ܲǰһα漣̻Ĳƴ𺳵һ̶ɵܲ治һӵеġ
λһϮµľŮ߳ӭӡ
С㣬С㣡һ߽漣̻Ժûûغղˡףˣ
һæ̻оô֣ܳҪ˵˵
ģɷн¶ŴС㣬μҪλɨˡӴ
ӨӨСֺݺһѣȻ鳲С㣺㣬ӨӨҲˣ
ݻ𣿡
̫ˣ治֪զѸô죡
ɵѾͷ˵ôĻ֪ÿ϶ܵС𺳣ͬʱҲеҲôôͻˣ
ˣû飬ҳԳǻֵ
Ĳ֪һӣ
˵Ļô˾ͺãٵˡ
ѯʾʱͻȻװʮֹŹֵˣλǡ
˵ǣƺܲ˵´ģûʲô棬ֵµֺܶ࣬׼漣̻ʹСڷԡ
ϴһΡ
ʲô´ģ
Ů˵˭첻漣̻ͷôΪʲôһһС㣬Ǻ֣
ǻŸʲôָ裺λŮǸ᳤ܻ漣̻µˣԺܻܲúãǵö࿿λķֲ
ϴ˻һæ΢΢᳤֣
˵С㲻ش󣬶ҺأǸ¿϶û
ôûҿҪˣʱշ̣λҪϹ˵裬ϣǰա
ڨڨһЦϴҲǽѹӡһóС㿴֪ԲˣСĻˡ
ϴ¶һ˿ϲɫ϶һ
϶ѹĹƤڵϣһ֧ᣬ͵ǰ븱᳤ǿһݣм
о˲һ㣬οԴܲˣ·̰֮Ͱ;ɨüͷ΢΢ʹİ֣ͻȻϤֱúԶһ顣

ܽ
᳤˴ţ
ֵ鼤֡
ϻҲ漣̻ĸ᳤֣£ȥǾȥɣϹӨӨȥι۲ι漣̻ķ˳㵽о￴
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ӨӨϹưֵܴˡ
ֵҲ뵽߿رۼʶʶ漣̻ϾδܳһʱﶼҪ漣̻Էܽ˽漣̻Ǳ͵ӣҲһס
ûһۣƾı£ֹҲƽ⣬ȴøң⼸˿ĺҪ
Сˣֻ鷳ѡ˵꣬ͻȻЦݣû°ɣ
ݳǺƽû˿ֵס˵ʱü΢ԽҵԽⱾһᣬȴôס˵ƻڱа⣬쵽һ˿
ʲô
ǸɾӢ½½ٻأȻǳأԱҷ֣ǽٻأһ籩βѣһֿܾ֮ս
û㹻̽漣̻ĵˡ
ǿ϶Ὣϣһġ
Сˡ΢΢һЦҲûϣǰʵҲȲǿ׳ٶȻԶԶǵ󡣲˵ģոУ㹻һˣǲãҶֵĻǾͽƾͼһٷߣ
һٷߣ
ô
漣̻ᷢչ˵ΪΪŵĶ֧֣ټӳ޶ʤ嵥һ֮£漣̻һֱûʤա
ȥһݻôֵˣ治أ
ʣ漣̻ᷢչô
㣬̻ᷢչһһ
һжʮ˳
漣̻ᷢչʮӵάĴڵѾϵ߽Եֻǿʼ򴿵طչ
̻Ҫء
ǵƷһαʽʮҹͷҲ깤չħ͸ʳģͬʱﱸٿҴƵ꣡ȻǳܣΪ̻ٶ̫ˣݳǽΪ漣̻Ĺҵأ³оַǳɫշƵѾ͡
ҲһЩо

Ͷǧң齨һƲнƸʮ˲ţͯС㵣Ʋܡ
Ʋûɡ̶̼ʱСóɹ׼Ľý϶Ϊһ
²Ʒֶˡ
Źܣһ̨Я豸֣
ҲãҲգṹӣҪһƣһʯ壬һԪأڼǼԪϡΪṹǳ򵥣Ժ϶ΪһѣŲüɡ
ͷɵò
ֻһ鲻̫˳üͷ˵ֱΪֹûչȫʥĲϣ
ô£
һӣǶ࣬ϸ򲻵Щϣʥļƻֻܸˡ
һǰ
ڴʱҴҸ˵𣿡
һͷˮ˵ʲô
˵ҵ֪صݳǣʽ㷢սˣ
Ŷʲôʱ򣡡
磡
һ˿ɫ
һڶҪ
һǺҪս죬ʱͻʵһֱֽţʥĻᡣ
ǳǺȬָպûصУǡǡպòڣԾֱӶԳ췢ս
ܻģȥҴһࣺҳ졪Ӧս


229 罫
ܲ˰ҽͣڴԺ֮ڡ
ɫƤףźɫĶֳֽأϥϥ󣬴ʵʵڿֻ֣¶һ˫â˫ۡ
һ֧⵶Ķ飡
˰ĬĽǰվһӣǳҼɽӡ
ɽԺİ˰ٽͣвЩпİ˰ˣǼ֮ڣǷֲڸأбҵģȴڶ̶һʱȫٻˡ
ʮûôĶ
⽫ǹغһҪж
һ塢â߳һѲѪζıǳ̫ϳϳ߱ȫ𣿡
ɽӶԳ߱΢΢֣漣ֶ̻β򵥣Ϊ۾һۣѾȫˡ
߱費⣬Ů˾Ӫ̻ЩͣǲҲڴˡԽǿԽǿ漣̻Խǿһѳ漣̻᲻ΪǣҲ͹вˡ
˰ҾӢһθ׳н
ɽ΢΢ü˵Ҫѡʱ漣̻һξսڵ漣̻ȣǵӷǳ죬ڳмģ
Ϊˣ㶯֣漣̻Ϊһ޷ǲһĵԳڻлᣬһ̲漣̻ᣬ彫ٴ׳󣬷֮򳹵׳٣ǳ˥֮ս
ɽӱһࣺǣ
߱ԽࣺڵĽڵѵʱһȥǸһɽڶݴļӼܱһδ󹦣Ȼһδǣʱ͸ˣǱ鴫ǰһ˽⡣
ʲô´󹦣ɽ΢΢һ㶣ЩͶ˵һ䰲ܻͳ죬Ǵ˿̶֣ǵ䰲
µҲܵ䰲
Ĵǵطܹģ
߱ҡҡͷ㲻̫ģͱϾûҲڶſֻͣҪͨһЩˣؼʱԻΪΪ˵ο콫ھϣǺӵĽ£䰲᲻ע⵽ǺӵĲŻ䰲ϧԸʧһѾأʧһǺӡ
ô˵ÿǺ˽ô
ڴʱһʹߴҴǰ㱨̫ϳϣ漣̻ʽӦӦս
ã
̫ˣ
Ը͸ˡ
ȷʵǳвŻǱ̫Դ
ɴĽսôȻ׶ˡΪչϷǮҲ򲻹ϣԲƳʥûʥĸô̵ʱͻƵԻʵ
꼶ʵӦս˿ʤ㣡
߱˵ϢǺӣ˳㿴״ôˡ
鷳ˣѾ֪
ӺԺһ
ţһɽ㣬Ȼڱŷ
԰ټƷɽֱӰݶƵķ飬ȸ㣬Ȼ˿֯һ𣬾γһɻ״һž˫âˣֱͦͦվ롣
һɫΧǿҫҡ
Ǻӣ
¶ϲ֮ɫ
Ǻƹضô
Ǻȫָյɣâøˣ˶еܲѡǸ˫콣ӻ𣿣
ɽӡ߱¶֮ɫǺӲȫָѾøǿˣΪͻƻ۷壬Ѿʽﵽصĵز
⻹ֹ
ǺӵġԾҲɹĴﵽ磬ڵĳǺӱȵУҪǿü
ӹɡ
ǺȫֵĻʵĸ׳ɽˣ
ǺѾ߱꼶һʸ
ƺԡ
Ǻӱøˡ
߱ЦǺѾǿ˹ָ֮տɴɱ˳ӣʬ֮ϣȥϸߵλðɣ
Ǻӻ
ʵǺĺܡ
һôʱҲ̫ܽ࣬Ǻԭ̤ҲģοǺѾȡ
ڳǺӱ˵ݣ°˴ݿһţмۣǺӻʮ갡İ˺ڸʱҲԶԶûгǺӵ
ǺӳںңôֱӾܹκ֮λ
Ǻӳ壬ôֻҪս꽨ѫʮ֮ǰֱܷɺ
ݳҷĹǿҪûôףгǺ콾֣Ϊָտɴģ
漣̻᲻֪ǺͻϢҪܣ߱˵˵һ䣺ΪȷȫҪȥλ϶ͷ
߱뿪ҡ
߱϶ͷȻǱˣҡҶҵλ̫ϳϡλǰͻصݳǣֻϢһֱݳ˶֪²㶼֪
߱λܵصԼ
Ҷҵ̫ϳǡҶܲ
һݵͷúһֻ۾һȣȻôۣϹȳȵĲмˣʵӶ磬Ҷܲһ
ҵ̨ϳϡʨ
ܼҴӰ죬һ񱾾ʮǿ׳⣬ȻȴȻӲʣͷҲûȫףһ˫ֱг׳һ˫ִִ󣬲ŨںëǸҲһ飡
߱ľ֣ʤĸп˵û뵽ϼһҲһ졣
Ҷܲ˻ɤ˵±ñ޶ȫһۣɢ򸴺ԡ
ΪΪһ̶ӻ˥ϣϼһﶼǰʮϸˣһ뱲ӶͳϺ꣬ĻԲ
˵ûƼҺ漣̻ᣬǼٴηԾ֮ʱ߱û˵ϻ׼𣿡
ʮ˵پӢԱԼ츮֮ǧִ漣̻ܲһϢȫ漣̻ᣬݻǵĸ
ҶݳƽԭסӪһ޼ͼʾԮҶһḺס֧Ҷܲȣ˵ѪӶƼҸһƻչ̹ƼңϷնɱף
ã߱İ𣺡Ұ˰ʿͻκβ֮䣬ɱ죬Զ֣
Ǿôˣ
Ǳߣ
õģᰵʩԷ㣬ֻҪжôԴҶá
Ŀײմһ
쫷ڣΩ棬ʱ򷴻ˣ
̳쳤ܣȻʱѵôֶΣóֵͬʶôƼһ𣬴ݵͼײˣ
һС
ͻн
̫ϳϣҵȫƱػӭһȷѪ꣬һг䶨֮ȫµؽʣΪ


230 
ݳǲ
սǺӣŸһسʱһҹ籩ϯݳǣ𣬵һʱȥչءΪԻ۷ʵȥ򣬴սûʤɡ
һףԺ޳ܷսһ㣬ԲäĿȥҪԻ꼶ˮƽУ
ΪͨϷֹͻƣ̫ˣû뵽ǣȥһġѻͷ˲䣬ûκȫˮɵĳƿ
ӵħԨȡóɵһͻƵصĵز
ӻѳڿԽڣһʵķԽǵһԪ涼ü̶ߡ
Ի꼶ʵ𣿵Ȼ
һϣһսȻ㾡ȫ֧֣ǺƻָٶȱԤҪĶ࣬һܿǶ÷ǳ˲õҩˡԸݳĲ²⣬ǺѾﵽصĵز
ͨʿǲᱻġ
ϹٷɳΪӵż컹ɸ㶨ˣΩǺȴܴ⣡
ǺĴ֮ףȴԶԶ˦ں棬츳ǳǿ˽һľɱһ̵ӡ»ǿҲмܡ
ǺﵽʵԻʵȥʤ㲻ᳬɡðգսѣҪսҪϵİղС
첻³ç֮ˣȻӦս˵аգôӺζأ
һԪꡣ
һֱǳʹԪһ޵ǰʵ»ѼԦˣҪԭǴԪһعȻ䶯½ĳһЩϹֶϾͲˡ
ԣ汻Ƶ·˵ĵزûɳǰǲȥðյġ
ڶֶΡ
Ǻӻȷʵһš
Զ޷
ڴԽ֮ǰվڹ۷ǿУļʶ֪ʶֶΣʱκһ˶Ȳˡ
һѾӨ͸ƬӺ«汻
ÿƬ̺ޱǿҵԨħǵħĶħ֮ġ춢ЩƬر۾ԺֳһƬǿĹħű䡷
ǳǰ޹ΪûгȴȡһЩĹи졣Ŷħ֮ĽΪؼزģҲǳȥݵһҪԭ

æűչʱ迪ʼռһЩϢԽԽļ彫漣̻չһο籩ж
ⳡǳҶҷᡣ
˵ɱõĽΪĹ䴫ͳʹɱҲԸġϵ䰲ԴΪҡ
ƾҵ˽⣬ǲѶעȫѹһط
䳡⣬к֡
赱ϣƼҺһüǰۼӢתҪԴͲƲʼ׼ս
Ĵս
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ٲȻΪһƬҵսԽ궼ûз漣̻вһв׵춨ԼĵλȰݸռΨ˲иʸ͵
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234 Ҿƽ
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漣̻ս̫٣˵ǾȼƽңԱܳ⡣谲ܲ򣬱Ϊǿ漣̻ķ˭֪̫ϳϲμⳡսȻǳΣ
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ˣһôһ֧񲿶ǰ赲ȻܹͻΧɱҲᵢʱ䣬漣̻ܳôܲһݸͱݻˣӮʤҲûʲôˣ
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ⳡҵĴ󶯵һһҹɱ¾һգѪգǾĶǵһգ

⡣
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Ѫ㼯ɵСӣųǿ˽Ҷȫݳ沿Ҳأʬʬʬǧֳʮֲҡ
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235 ңң
ķ˲Ѫıյһκϴƻ
͹˳죡
漣̻ھﶦ֧֮£ǳʱĸϻԮҷúԱһûһٷ壬ӶΪսʤߺߡ
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Ҫһǿ󣬵ڲѾĵط
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ʱκֻһȪӶƽеڳڸµĻҵֱ漣̻ȥܣͳͳΪ漣̻Ĳҵ
ˡ
ѹεѹΣñķ𣬸ñ̲Ķ̲
漣ֽ̻ģʮڽңԴĿɽԴҲʼ漣̻ˡ
ҲûгԶʳ
ڽ֧
ŵһͶʮڽңֱ޸ΪͶʡ
彻Ĵӡɿڣ޺ϽԴȫΪ漣̻
ֽóڽҳʾ޿רʰоֵģ簲̻飬Ϊ޹ɥ˲ߣȥǳĸԼܾṩָΪֲ
Ҷóһ͸ܼҡ
ͳһֽԴϾֵܼԼڽ͸Ƽҡ
ܼƼΪṩСİܼҼһȻǳˣƼҸֱӰѳĴתͶ뵽Һϰо
ΪʲôҪֺǣ
뷨ǳ򵥣Ǳ̰λ⣬Ǯһ֣ݳһʱ˭ܺ漣̻᣿
˽Դϲ
Ҿֳװ


236 ȫ
ļƽȷչʱԭģڸֺȻȫᴥĳЩ˵棬֮ͨоˣݳһǰԺ䶯ĵĴ£
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о͵һжɰ
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Ȼ׬ǮĿˡһЦʶһ⣺ϣ׬ǮƷʲôأ
ǰԥشǷҩΪƷǳߣԴ漣̻ὨơͷȲƷѾȫ߸ˣһͨѶǰ󣺡Ҳ֪
Ҳ˵ˣ˼άϣ
֣һԴڶǾ
Դ
˵Ժͻ׵ģҪԴǾͣ½ûзӦʱǾѾռȻˡҪʼչ
˼ǣ漣̻Ҫļʦʼװ𣿡
ʦҪУҪͳ̫һ˵һԾԴ׷һڽרͶʣδһʱص㡣
ĿǰǿʱѾ죡
ڵ漣̻߱ͱĻ
Ĺ˵˾ΪһľްҪʵԪǳҰĵĸһ


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쿪ʼз֮󣬴󲿷ʱͶоΪԪǻеĻܣס趼ûۿһۡ
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⻹ֹأվַԱߣǳĲ˵˵漣̻Ͷʼֵ2ڽҵֽﱸݳǽһרԺʿĴƻᣬκθֲǱʿǵĸ
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ȴˡ
漣̻ˣ
ֵ2ڵԴֽǽǶôӴĿ
ڡˡģչˣƽ䲻ʮ꣬µӵܣϵ幫ӣ߱鼰ײ㡣ȻҪƵ˼ҵΪϾַͱ£ֻݳǵײʿʱύ̫߲ˡ
֯ԱǳᣬǳǱܷǳ޴½½һЩ˲ע⣬׷ױʾҪؽչ֯ΪˣǿһԾܾļǮ
ջǰ
˼ܾģ
Ȼй
˽ԾһȤЭ֯
ϲͽЭᣬϲҩͽҩЪᡣ˵ıʸϼûʲô
һȺ뱧ǻѪˡǶԳΪż񣬻༤ѧϰֻΪ׷𲽷ȥ֤һ漣𣬽˶ѣ
ʥҪǱҵǾȫˡ
˾ԲݽǮۣ
˶Դ˷ǳж϶쵼ߵݣǳӦÿһж
ݳǴұǰ
˾;ԾһЩϢȽϱȥ漣̻ͳĹ£øʶ̻ᡣ
ݳǴ֮
ַ뼸ٳԱԷ֯Ϊ漣̻ᰲȺڡɽֵΪ漣̻
漣̻Ϊô๱ףǱҪø֪
ûǷֳʮСȥƶϢЩûǮֽʶһı˵Ļᣡ
˳ԱˣԸˡ
ʵݳҲãҲգײǲעŵģЩһͭ޲ôȥֽأνȺ֣ȦҲǳ
Ϊ˲Ҫ
漣̻ᾡܷǳǿ󣬵Ȼã˵ȻҪܼΧڣΪ漣̻һЩ顣ϣ漣̻ƾ٣Ҫ˴档
诽ܽ񣬴Ҹ׼жʱ
磬㣡
һö޳
һȸߵ㱨
ַһۣЩĵˣ˾ᣬ˵ٱˣ˾ˣġ
ЩǮƵˣǻﲻԾﲻͷǲֻܲȥӭӡ
޳֮ͦ󣬴ǰһϬ޳ϣ߳һŮ俴ַ诽ܻС
ۣ
Ů
˶һ۾ֱ
Ůˬβ裬±Բͦȹֳһ˫ԲĴȣϸ޳ֱֱ
ĺӸڱ󣬴ŻȪӶŵķΡ
ȻûŮȴ֪ȪӶǲ漣̻عɵӶô漣̻ˣ
ַŴ죺㡭ӨӨС㣡
ԣңӨӨͦͦأ¶һЦݣǽݷǵġ
᳤诼Ŀ᳤֪ǣ
ûʵϳǾڹעˣ飬漣̻ᶼһ㲻ֹһοأ
Ů߸ϵ᳤Ȼע⵽Сۣ֯

漣̻һȻעһССĲݸ֯
ӨӨ˶һͨ죬΢΢һЦ㱾ģ̻̫æҪ߲ܶ࣬ҹǣϣǲҪѽ
诽ܼ˵᳤ܱעѾʤң
ô˵Ǻ㣬㿴ǣҪŶӨӨ˵ľ硢磬ó
ľ
˵˸ˣ
Ȼ֪ǻȪӶû뵽˾ųλڿԻ꼶ְǳżصĴ
һӴ򿪣Щҩʹ̣һ̨Լһ̨ʮЯĴʹѾͨݵĸƵЧ꣬ϣǵа
͵Ĵȫ漣̻ıƷ
ѾҾȸˣϣٽŶ
ӨӨӶӷŽûκͣ޳뿪ˡ
ַûӿϲлָȲİӴ򿪣һƿƿĵҩǰȫǸļƷҩкüʮΣݵĿγ̴̶ʮһɵϵУЩ˵ǳá
Ǵ𣿡
һˣ漣̻зɹ
ʮɫ豸Լ״СһɫʯߣкüťֱܹҲܴ򿪲
˵˲᲻֪漣̻²Ʒ
漣̻Ƴһý壬϶Ϊһ͸С㣬ȻʺͽźûеãǷǳķ㣬Я
漣̼ƻʮݳǷ۶ʮ̨
۸Ǻܱ˵ģԼٽҾһ̨һҲһǧңݳмĽײ㣬һ̨
漣̻ʹôˣҪԭΪ漣̻ӯڻڴĸƵϡ
ÿ̨üֶδģͨղƵΨлǮһּܵźŽʹܽյضƵ
ģ
ÿղһЩɣÿҪһҷá
ЩҪľһʦӨӨ͹ĶЩҪĶԱûССֵ֯ͻ漣̻߲̽ʣһ֮һˡ


238 ´
㣡ӨӨصܲҰҪѶ͵ˣǶܿأһɻ󣬼Ȼ͵ҩʹΪʲôڸЩϵ֧أҿ׾ء
ҡҡͷӨӨҪκ̲
ӨӨ¶Ǻ⣬뷨ȻҪˣǾӦһﵽ漣̻Ŀǰʵ͹ģ㶼õĳأ
Ҫúýͽ͵ʱ
㣡ʵææܽҵõϢѾһλʹ֮ҵģ
ʲô
ˣ
鲻
ʹʲôݣ
Ҳ֪
ʹϹټ壬ϹټﲻᣬǷϵһϹټ峤ϾˣݵʱشķӣķϹټǳҪһ֧
ǧҪϹټ˰
Ͳ֪ôչˡ
費ҵ̽ӨӨȥѳǿ
֪ʹüͷҲ΢΢һ壬漣̻£漣̻ģҪǿа漣̻ᣬҲһ׵顣
򵽣
ʹϹ˵
һ۵һųɫ׵꺺߽
Ϲʹ
ʵ¶һ˿ϲɫ
졢衢ӨӨ˶ϹĿ䡣
ϹƸϹţȻϹӦû˵һЩǡ
ɫأΪﶼϹ岻һ飬Ϲ츳ôòصòصˣ˸Ǳ򷢵ƫԶϳȥ׼һ츳ѵĸŮԵ
ϹݣҲϹΪϺټģߣһá
˭ǳ죿Ϲ˴ҡԼվɣ
̬Ⱥܲư
üʣҲƽ޹ʵһϹ壬ֻһȭװģ³죬ʹ
󵨳죡ϹĿɿݴң壬ѪɺӣȫˡǣΧӳΪﲻˡ
ЦһôҪôأ
Ϲ˺ߵ飡
һԱϽϻӣȡһӲӾᣬ䰲ľ黹Ҫ
Ϲ˴ȵǰȻӭ
ֱͦͦվԭأģħ򣬸οһĹС
һ䰲Ȩ塣
ǰðºء
ϹʹҲ֪Ƣ֪ѧߣѧʻ֮ϡҹ䣬ѧȨ򡣡
ѧߣЦ㻹ѧߣϹ˹ЦðɣȻΪ˵Ҿ֮
Ϲ˸ѳ飡
֮ҵѪɺӣģΪ꺱֮ҡݳ޺ǣݳ˽ϱͥ˽̲ҶҲΥķ䣬ܵط
ɫò̫ÿ
һȥȥ״ˣһרűؾᣬ˵ԭֻ̺ͽ֮óذ
Ȼݣɱħˮ𣬴˲󹦣ʱãʹϹǰݵ֮࣬ͷϣϵ飡
ˡ
򡢽պǣϢǵʱ˿϶ģһͲľ
Ļǳؼ
ǴͣǴ󷣣ȫϹʹ
Ϲ˵ʹԶ۳Ͷ٣ʢʹϴϴ糾֮²һʱ
Ǿͺүˣ
ϹԱϴҡ뿪ˡ
ƽƽӨӨվʵȺֹˣ֮˲٣ģѣôֵܷͷǾˣƫƫôһʹⲻǶ𣿡
ҡҡͷӨӨС㣬ʹȥ
Ѿ˵ˡԳҡҡͷ̫ͻȻˣҿҸպǣǰֶԸǾˣ
һߵǳգ
ʶ֪ϹټԸɡ
ȻųһЩ漣̻ᴥ
ҾȡϹټ棬ɳϹʹϹһؼҪʲôҪ;ܵ±иأûѣٵһϹ壬ӴԺȻٲά衣
ȻΪȻʲôʱҪЩӵˣ
Ϲ˸ոյ̬ȣ޷ȸһóֻʨӴ󿪿ں׶ѡ
Ц
ǳӲˣ
֪뷨Ǻú׼׼ҪϯðϹҲϣô˵漣̻Ϲһݣ湲ͬϣӡ
ȥɡ
Ҳ֪νʹ«ʲôҩ
Ϲٵ֪ˣüëͷ̵ȥˡ
ϹƶԼû̫飬ΪмӡͲãһֱڼﱻżϹڼǿ츳󣬸ּܵʺʹѹ
ǰϹ㱻򷢵ϳǵ˳ϹƸƧĵط
ϳûԴȷǳݼʱоķǳҪѡ¼ԸҲصǸѹֵĵطȥ
찲οϹ˵ģء
ѽӨӨأӨӨԸ£ߣӻλѩ׸첲ϹļһҪǸ۸㣬ӨӨ
޿κΣʡʡɣϹϹϣ붼ʿûҪô
ӨӨʿôˣֲû򵹹̫ϳϲʿô
̾һϹ˲ʲôҪɵǱϹ壬
Ҫȥôˡ쵹ǲŲæǸҹԹԳϯ磬óԾͳԣúȾͺȣ

һ飬ǰѳϵλϣڿʼԵݳǳҲǿˣĵܸܵûеγֻݸң
翪ʼ
Ϲ˿Ϲƣ˫һ˿âҵû뵽ϹĺˣϹһǱĺ󱲣彫ɵҲΪúĥĥӦòԹ԰ɡ
Ϲüͷ˵Ѿϰݳˡ
ǾͺãϹͷϹ۹⣬ҲǳˣȻǰ漣̻漣̻λ᳤ĿǰҲϹĿ䣬巽ȻǶչ˵ġ
˶Ĭ
ϹֺȻת
̬ȱºˣ²һɣ
޷Ǵ˫µսԣȸ漣̻һٸ漣̻һ㰲¾ʨӴ󿪿ڵʱˡ
漣̻δĻСϹԨԴʹݣ棬˽𹫣ϣҡ
ϹһȻӡ
⡣쵭ʣôʹ˼ǣ
Ҹող֮ҵԭȡҪǣ漣̻˽̲ȴ˼ɣĴɡǺܶﲻҪ֪۵̣漣̻ỹúԶһҶݣôƼôģ
Ϲ˵ͻȻͣһ¡
Ϊ֮ƣҪ棬漣̻볹忪ţϹ˼ǽ漣̻ΪϹ²ҵΨ˲ſɱƽ
輸ɫǴ䡣
漣̻ò׷չģϹ嵹Ǻãһ仰Ҫ̵
첻ŭʧȥ漣̻ᣬǺȥ
һġϹ˵ǿݣֱΪ䣬λͬϡֻҪΪϹЧʮ꣬ͷΪ䣬λϸߣ
ҶˡЦˣҲ˵Ҫ̻׸Ϲ壬ҪΪţʮ꿩
ɫҲһ
Ϲ嵱̰ˣ


239 Ԫ
漣̻ԭʼϻУڼռ70%ңռͳμλô֮Ϲٴ֮ȻϹԭʼϻֹɲߣôҲǷǳҪĳԱƣ߶׷ϵġ
漣̻᲻ϷչϹҺ͵λԽҲߡ
Ϊ漣̻Ϲ棬ΪϹ˳棬ýһ㣬˭֪Ȼ
ô˵Ϲ˴ŭİ𣺡˼ͷϹ壬һְλĶͣοԵֻҪȫȫΪϹʮ꣬̾ΪϹ嵽Ϊֹѣ㻹ʲôʸ
䡢䣿һЦʵڱǸҪ˵һĳŵǾľңҲ漣̻ᣡ
󵨿ͽһɻڶϹ壺ϣȷ㣡
ң꣬ҷ
Ϲ˾꼶ǿߣҲͲŻضѣʵ࣬Ķ֣
ȵȣ
Ҫֹ
̫ˣٶȴи죬һʮƬѩȥִټ͵ֵһ룬ȫϹϡ

Ϲ˵ҽУѩȫϹ嵱УǹϺ̼֮Ѿͳͳᣬһѿ
ۣ
ϹһѪѪҺжǱɫ԰һƨڵϣֺͺ֮ɫ
ˣ
Ů˴ݻһİΪױϵˣ
ʵܲûôǿŶԣѾ˳ͻƿˡ
һ㵿꣬оɫ¶Ϣʱ¶֮ɫ
ͻˣ
ĿǰǻѾʵ
İ˺ϵ⣬ºҵѹһͷǿߣѳΪ˺µǿս
Ҳôģң߹һŰϹߵڵϣֱӽһϣˣҴʲô򣬵Ⱦָ漣̻ˣ³
Ϲ˾ֺϹս
Ϲս俴Ϲ˵ܴϹ𣿡
Ϲ˿ŮˣͻȻһ𣺡㡭꣡
һֱɴ棬ټӲϲ˵ԱڳߣϹһֱûעһϹ˲ϳ˵ݡ
ʵϹԨԴġ
ʮϹſͣתΪ䣬Ϊ䣬ϹŲ͵ĵλֻΪΪƿΪѰͻƵİ취뿪Ϲ塣
ʱ׼ģ
츳ǳãΪԺɾͲԼϹȻǿаϹ壬ĳɳ
ϣһȻ
뿪Ϲ֮ʱ䣬һֱûջΪôʱҲЩĻˣΪһ㽻飬ԾͬҪѧԺһԺ
ϹԨԴ뿪ϹĻڶҪΪˣλЩϻߣ
ոճŮȻͻƿ涼ñǰǿˣ
ô߰ˣôΪ£
ܣ
ⲻܣ
꣬Ϲ㲻㾹Ȼ˶ԴϹ壡
ϹƣΪϹ֮ˣȻԸ壬ֱΪ
룡˿žķ첻ͷڰ֣Ҵһ٣ȥ
漣̻ΧͷһʹͷѪϹ˶ȥˡ
ǻڵģ
һڵģ
ϹʧҹɫֳһƬĬ
ӨӨһʹı飬ڳ϶Ҫúÿһ졣
嶯嶯޿κ̾һʹͬҪҲûбҪϵô̫ˣûأ
Ҳ̫ˣϹô˵ҲϹϣôǻĵԼϹĺү
ǰ
ϹһλүϹצǵûʲô漣̻ĿǰԸǰ˺֮һҲһܰ漣̻ô
ϹϾһλ򰡣
䰲˺һŭ룡
ʹ׿˵Ϲ˵ݳʹݣǷݵġأһ˵ݣûйһأͱϵˣ
ҪǴˣţ
ⲻǴһ
ƣ
ⲻëܻëݳֵܵסķŭ
Ҫżһ㲻ţǱߣԻ˰æ˵ġ
üϹټּŭϹ壬ֻʣһ壬ǶˣݲǣºѴߡοҪһ㹻ˣһʱ֮ˣҲǼ׵顣
Ϊûϵʺãѡͣһ£㼸θڣŻ˵䰲ǳͷô
ʲô
䰲
ǲǷˣ
֮ף䰲ĵһȨ䰲ϰæ˵˵ǷϵһϹϣϵˣҲصġ˵ֻ䰲ˣΪʲôҪ漣̻˵Ȼд󹦣Ǵ󹦸֮һ
׼䰲һԼ˵䰲֮һᶨվߡԸ漣̻Ὺ·Ϊ漣̻ǵ춨漣ֱ̻פǡ
п𣿡
ţǲţǾ͸ҿɡ
쾡ܷǳԸȴӲ޵֮ʸ֪
۶ô飬˵óڣǾһпʵ֡
򲻽ǳ棬䰲ĵλʲôûʲôĶܹ䰲أ
ȥ˵
оϲ˵
Ŵߵоߵһܵоңо棬ֻһ׷ԲԵͷоһʲô
ү᳤ôˣ
˵ϣ㿴ô
һе㲻סƺоһֶзԪôģ

Ԫ
Ҫ͸䰲һƺʲô
㲻ͱоˡȻһԱߵ򣬡үóүɡ
װһֵ֧ܷˮó͵ǰ衢ӨӨϹƶͷһؼⶫֻ״ǳ֣һѱ
콫óⶫǹ
ǹ
ʲôǹ
ǹģ𣿡Ϲü㲻Ҫƭң
ǹӦһֳĴ̻𣿳ġǹȫ߸ҵ֪
˶Ȱ΢Щ־ܹйһٺԪأǶֵİ棬ƷĹϵƵıȽϴֲڡ
趢ι״ʱԺȻһʹйɼ仺ֳԶʱڣһؾ巢侧ʯֳװãܹ̣кǿƻǹǲƵؾ
׶ܲ쿴衣
쵹ϰΪˣԪͺ⣬һ֪ʶ͵Ԫ꣬ԾܾһЩϵļ֪ʶ
ȫһش˵ؾ̷ͨԪܣѵϻڵľȥͨھϿӡƻ󷨣þ̾мǿɱʹ͸ܷǳ̫鷳ԹҵˮƽͲϵҪǳߣԳɱȻҲǺܸߵģҾʯ̫ȶײ£ţܻᱬըвʹ
Ͻʣǹʲôԭ
ѿƼªǹʵҲͦǳӣƵԪأٵǹǹԼ֣õٶӣؼλԪ⣬ͨѧ߾оһҲһ
ǹԪʹΪûƣҪϣ˵ȫԶԪף㣬ЧҲܲԪǹ˵ٶ࣬ҲۼΪʵھ͸ҵʵҲһɣ


240 дʷķ
ſտʵһС
һϽ죬۵ﵽǧȣԶѰӲҲͨıңʿ׵Ҫϡ
кȴﵽʮף൱׺ȡ
ʿҪûжķҲˡ
һʵĿ꣬ΪʽԪǹҪܶ㹻˺Ǿȫ֤߱ɱκʿ˺ʿ̱ʽһ
վһ㣬ˡ
һ˫ףǹⲻ屣
ϾǹոֻһƷҲ̫רҵһȶըˣ˫־ͷˣԷһҪá
ã
Ԫǹ׼ӣ°
ǹڶʱŴ۹â˸еԾǣȶԪأһּѸٶǹеȫâԪҲʼתֲ
飡
ǰâһ
ֱӱһǿֱƶϣƬڵϣе벿λڻ
۾һɣ
˲˺൱ȵİӣ
Ǻεȵ
˲۵ߴǧȵϽڻ
Ǻεȵ
Ԫǹ˲ܴﵽʿһ˲¶Ǵﵽȣ
˶ʯˡ
ӨӨͷ췴Ӧ̹ƺ죬һҪһѣ
ţɴ۾ôܣ
׸ţ⵽ôģҲ̫ǿˣһͶĻëȻ
𾪵
⣬⡭ΰɣ
ߵĽǰƬ̣һ飬ֻһۣΰ
һ˫ֱϽƬƺȻǰʵ
ް
һΪʲôꣿ
꣬Ĺٶս
ϵսϣ硢ܵܣףӣȫ
һսУ鲿עŵҴ沢һٽһ֧Ϊİ˺֮һ

˵еԼģһذ
Ϊˣ򱻷⵽֮ѾûȥˣӴ˹Ұ
ҪռĹӡ
ôĹḶôص
ôšͱַ߽
˿һȻˣһ˷ܣʱʱЦ

ôˣ
һﲻܲ˴̼¾ò˰ɣ
ðλָҲ׳Ϊʲôƶ䰲ˡ
䰲ĹľǱ鷽ָӣ䰲ʮ궼ںԪ䰲˵κϡ䱦Ҫ
ǸıʷһΰϽʣʲôʱܹ
ʱУǹڻˣıڻ٣ⷽ滹üǿС췢һ֮ǹҪˣҵѰҸõĲϣɱôǲ̫ģȫͨؼλԪҪ˹ӡ
򼤶֡
Ҫܴһܸı䱱ǰߵս֡
һԪǹܲ˴һٰѣһǧѣһֻʲôЧأͬʱ֮£˲ܻһ֧鲿ӡ
ʣӺζ
ȻԪء콫Ԫسݸײ鿴ԪϿӡͨԴȡ̫һһּЧȡһ˲ԪȡӶһҵĹ
ԪҪǾ͡
⾧ͼ۸ǳǳۡ
ԪǹװһٺϻԼʮ;㹻ˡ
һСͿҪȫɾӣÿʮΪλġһССͿĲרͶ뵽ϻĻÿ궼ǧϻ
ɱ̫ߣ
Ҫ˵ڵĴ½ûз־ͼֵʹԺ󽥽־ͼֵʼռͿԴ½Ŀǰʹδܳһʱڣͼ۸񶼲ܸߣΪʹõԴ
ֱʱ䣬ҪʹŻὥس˥
㹻Դ߳ɱ
Ԫŵ㡣
һ۷ǳ͡
ڶѰңζͶ
Ԫʹ÷ǳ򵥣Ȼûзḻκ˶ãҪһΪͷܷ
һԪǹͨҲȫлһɱѳʿ
˵е߸Ե塣߸ʹ̻½ĴսҲݣһı½֡
赽΢Ļˡ
׬Ǯ֮һ
Ҫǣ漣̻Ҫմ½Ƚ켼ô漣̻ܹԼһ֧ǿӣʱܲһʵĵطһΪҲͲһܵӰˡ
ʣҪʲôĽ
һȻǲ⣬Ǳҵ͸µĲϡ
ڶҪ󷨣ۼܶͣʱСǹеľ͸ͣҲ٣ǿ
ҪõĵطֵܶȻߣҸոսһΣõ֮һĵҲ˵ؽΣȻԶԶģ
ģҪƳýṹȶȫ
춼ѺļɣŻͽоɾˣҶѾȲҪˡ
Ҫ೤ʱ䣿ʣǱߵȲ̫ã
ش˵Ҳ׼ȵͳͿͳˡ
ӨӨʣǰѲƵ͸䰲ѵήǵ𣿡
ᣡ컹û˵𣺡ƱͺܾޣһдƷ䰲ҲоļֵΪƷвȱ䰲رǣ㹻ʱȥоơһʼͳĲƷпܻ鷳ϾѲ⡣
ǲ䰲
û䰲̬˵
ҹùһ֧ǹֽ۸ԶҪȻƽʮԼߣǿȷǳɫʹùڻ
ϻܷˮװдһױţ׼͵ȥ
˲ģȥ
֪¹ش󣬷в죬ҲȨܿգ漣̻ȫһ죬ݵһҶҲõı˹
ȣȻò
Ѷ̸֮о´ʱ䣬»ǮҪ˷ѣһҪȶԪǹͼֽоʱ׼ͼһ̿ʼ
Ԫǹȴṹӳ̶̫ˣ
ǵҪƽṹƣҪԴ󷨡ϣϡ
ɺļֱооԺҲѧƣٸ˹ͬӰŬ֮£ʱ䷽Ѿˡ
Ԫ񽻸Ԫоţɡ
ϻо򽻸Դţɡ
ǹеṹĽͽƲţͯС
ڲϸĽǲѣøոճ𣬾ļʮݷǳʦʦóƱߣԽ˽̶Ⱥܸߣһҵʶȶϡ
⣬ҲڴѰҳʯ
Ҳ漣̻չҪϡ
ṩһ鱨˵ǰһرľĳЩ볬ʯеƣϳǱȽϽбҪȥǱ߿һ
ȻҲܲˣӦǲͷȴ¡


241 漣ͧ
Ԫǹչо費Ҫˣô̻£ÿϢʱ䶼ûС
ҹæµۣӨӨЩֻۡӨӨ֪Լ²УܸͷۺͼԪֵܷһ£ɶﲻˡ
ϹƺܣæݣѾüûпˡ
ʵأòȥ
Ϊý̻Ļ᳤漣̨̨ʵֳ÷ǳƯҶŶգ֪ȺܸߣԳĽĿܻӭˣڶΪݳдˡ
ӨӨΪԼû¶ܰæյʱһ漣̻ԱҴҹС㣬᳤ȥ
ˣ
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ӨӨʱһ
Ұﲻæû£ǼһأҲܸɣȴѿź굽Ժ֣ʵ̫ˣ
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Ϲơʵܳݳ죬Գʮ𾴣֮ԳհôĻòΨָų˵ǵģ¾ֻӨӨСˣ
ѽ
Ȼܰ㡣
ҿ԰ѳѵһ٣Ȼѳоæ
үүоɶɳܼӾ͸㶨ˣһֵܸСѹ
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أ
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ʲôʲôܵƤϳȥʲôˣ֪ˣ
ӨӨܲǣϬ޳޳ϳǵõģͨ˶ԵȻǸߵݣӨӨĿǰҺ͵λԲ̫ˡ
쳭ҵٷǳݻ޳дѳһ̽¹޳͸ˣ̽¹ϡ2ħޣԤ֪ΣյͷűˣηǳƯŮ˵Ŀǣ˵ֵǧأ
ԸҲеǳϲϲ
ӳѳһƥѷɫ޳͸ӨӨ
ӨӨȴһֱﲻ̫á
ӨӨһɵˣϬ޳þˣҲǻиģΪõһ
漣̻ᷢչ׬ǮˣҲ̫ݳްӨӨ³͵ûǮ漣̻ðһͷҲΪ̻һССϲˡ
ǽ࣬ɽɭָ
ｨ첻ٹҪԿʯľġҩƤΪڵƤϳǸһңÿնдħƤͽӹһŵɧζζ
ӨӨ⣡
ӨӨոհѰϬ޳˩ã߳׾Ҳ۹żأ˫
ʲôӨӨһ·̨ʣ׼ʹߣȻΪ֪֪
˵ôˣקӨӨܣһöһϲ
ӨӨʱקһȻǰ
һ޴üƤƳɣֳԲΣһ档
ʲôֵĶ
̫ࡣ첻ɷ˵ӨӨ
ԲδƤҵ׹ŵġӡλһӣȥ´ࡣ˿һֻС׺ϣһ裬۾Ʒζأ
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ʲô
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ӨӨȴУҴԻƽٶȣСͨԪѿٶȺ͸߶ȣȫֶġ
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̫ˣǾȻͣôߵĵطӨӨе˼鶫ۣ˶úСһģӾУ
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еһƵɫľˮǳʿһף롣
СԱֱ̿ˮ
ϽԼĲȹ⣬Ȼűӣһϣչ
飺ûķݣ
С飡
ô۸СأҸȣӨӨѱ۾ƸС굹һ룬΢ǳһڣֻë׶չйУúȣ
СҲǳһڣҰҰ죬һζģ
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ǰʥĲϡ
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һ񣬲øͻƻѾأŴﵽ۷壬Ǳչȥˡ
ԭˣҲ̫ƴˡ
ӨӨ֪Ǳˡ
òʱ椣ܲܰһĵݰԱ߰ɣȻҲŮǵһŮ棬ȥһŮô붼֡
ߣһΣ
ӨӨѾȫȻҳĿģֻŪһƵĹߣͧǿ΢΢бı䷽򣬶ʱֿʼ٣ݳǵķȥ
ݳճһ˶ĲǵȻеȲѡ
ۣ
ʲô
ݳ׷̧ͷȥ޴Ƥһֹɷдš漣̻ᡱ֣
ţһ漣̻Ľ
漣̻ᷢһɵĶ
Ҳ̫ˣǮҪҪ򣡡
̧ͷſͧϿգÿһ۾ﶼ¶֮ɫ漣̻᲻漣̻ᣬ첻һ漣ͻƵġ
Ӹ߿տݳǣȻ˸оһأӨӨΪ˷ܶͨ죺ǳ죬ǻ᲻̫ߵ˵㣿
ʲôһ첻µزӣڵݣզϴ󣬹ܲˣ˵ǲǣõ͵ʱ͵͵ںò׸øߵˣȻܲţ
˵Ҳе
㿴ʲôĸߵ޼«ȡһȣоͺҺãǳ죡
˺ʱӿһ󻶺
漣̻ᷢĵһԪͧڿʼ״ǷУû׸ŮӣΪӨӨšǾúòã
ã
ȫǱһХĺ
ӨӨʱߺޣôȡ
˵ǲһţ
ǣ
ӢӢ
Ӣ
ӨӨ


ǲ֪ΪͧݳϿһȭȫǵĳ𻥶ӨӨûѪɡ
ƫƫܸӡ
ƺúܻ֣ݵһ˰ȴû˿ӣȻƤĿԣǺ񰡣
һ𣡡
һ𣡡
Ůʼ塣
ӨӨĶҸжϲ߳ܡܲˣһﲻҪˣȻҲУ
ӨӨȣҲҪ˵
ӨӨ棺ҺãӨӨءͧ漣̻·Ҷע
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½䲻ûУһ㶼÷ħޣǷħ޶̫ˣһõģͧ۲ܹӦһʵõĹߡ
ˣǷԶһ㡣ӨӨ˵СǸɡ
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㣬ǳȥһʱ䣬ǲõģ
̧ͷգſͧȥһοЦ
̫ˣӨӨԸ£ҪʻӨӨͧ
ва
ϻȻУӨӨ˵ӨӨſͧȻҵǾ͸ҪԲˣ
ӨӨץſ͵һת
ͧһᡣ
͵ȳƽ۾С⧲ֱӱ˦ȥϽһ˲ƣֻصܲ˽мľƶˡ
ͧŤŤ
ôģӨӨʧôƲס
ֻ֣ƹӨӨ壬סӨӨֻѩۣЭȶסķ̫ҪһԾ
ַӨӨСϡ
ƾǳӱ󣬰ӨӨԼһ
ãһڳûռˣӨӨ͸ˣ飬ǲȴûзͷ̫ˣʲô鶼ûɣ
쿴ŻŮڰЦ
ѾͷվǺԣѾˡ
ųһɳԻܾúܾá
ϣٹһ꣬һǧܱ꣬򵥵Ը񣬶һֱġ

ӨӨſͧȶŲ⣬Զ


242 ϳ
򲻿Ǻů˺аȫС
ӨӨϰߺ󣬲ôɬˡ
ǽȥģ
ɣ
ã
˳˿ͧǣΧǽƣӸ߿ոȥʱƬҵҵ
ҿͷˣ
ӨӨϲָ棬ӨӨͶܶѪĹͷݳǵĹͷ붼ѾʼˣʳϴӸֳͲɹأһ͵ͷ棬ǧƵԱæµš
ͷȫ漣̻ĹͷֿںüֿⶼѾˣȻԹͷٶȣſĻ㴢治ʲô
ӨӨԴ˷ǳԺ
Ϊ˹ͷʳƷ漣̻ףӨӨϣԼͷȫǸҺ壡
ͧУ๤һ½½ǰЩЩ漣̻ԼģһЩǸ漣̻ϻﴴġ
֮ڵݳǣһԴΪ漣̻ʹã
ԤδʮʮֱӻΪ漣̻Ṥ漣̻ӯǳǿԸԱĴǳߣΪ漣̻ĳ֣ݳǾˮƽᱩǼֹ
漣̻ܷչֵزǲ˼飡
漣ͧۿڣͷҲǳ֣ǧƴڰ˻Ӹ߿տԿľģڱΪ漣ҵҪͷͬʱרô롢ͷ
ʮҴʹ红ģͣڱĺϣÿһҶžģڷ޺ĳΪ漣̻Ļ
ΪúüʺʹԴֲķչٶȺܿ졣Ŀǰݽרͷʹ룬ˮչ֮·
ֻǶ̶̼µʱ䣬ǾʹϳǵһС̻ᣬ˲ӵԴĳ̻ˣӨӨһУ;úԺݶǵĵ̣
ˣû־ӨӨҡҡͷ̫С̫С½̫Сˣڸոտʼ
ǰ
ǰ·
Ϊˣ˸еڴ
ǻϳǿôһ˵ϳǷһƳʯĿɽҲ˳ȥ
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˵߾ߣ̼ʻͧݱֱϳǡ
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øߣøߣٸߵ㣬ٸߵ㣡
ӨӨһ
ͧϵسߡ
Ƕȥˣ
öư޻һ
һȺַݺյԱߣشŴûмȻӨӨ˵ǰδе顣
ܸ𣿡
ʱҡͷ˵Ѿ޸߶ȣټߵĻǻǿ磬ǵĿ̫ͧªֵסᱻ˺ѵġ
ûϵ涫һ¶顣ӨӨҲ٣´һֻĿͧôֱӷף
Ѿͷ
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ǲ֪ߵغ
ȴһЦãԺͧ
ͨϣҪʱ䣬ͧȫƽٶԱƥö࣬ðʱ͵ִϳǡ
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漣̻ᵮأ漣̻ḣĵطѾһƻͨĳִУҼҵ̶ƣ漣̻Ʒֿɼߵﶼ漣̻ۼ
ҿǰסˣ
ӨӨָųһǰ̻ḮۡӨӨʮĵطҶҹٵˣؽԭһģһ
źԺͻȻЩп
ǴѴūгĳ죬͵͵Լӡʱζ벻Լ˻ų̤Ŷıˡ
μҸۡûסȴΪϳһʷԼĵط
ͧϹ㳡ʱϳǳ񶼻ıǵҳҲϳǵĽ漣̻ٲȻΪݳϳǳôܲԺأ
Ҷþòˣ
ӨӨϳǷֲס
λ漣̻ͻͽѾΪ̻ᡣѸк̶ܴϳչˡ죬ͶǧңΪϳǵĳ𣬸ϳǻ裬ϳΪϳ˸
ǧң
԰
۾գһʱһ붼ľ޿
ǧҶ漣̻᲻ʲôϳǾȫһˡһͨУż֮ĵط壬ȫƲٽң漣̻һ¶ǧǻ˶ˣ
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ϳһٶ˿ڣ
һ궼׬ʮң
ǧҾ㰴ͷƽ䣬ÿ˶ֵܷʮңⴿǮ
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Ϲ㾫ܺãڲϳǳ漣̻ĺϻˣҪ漣еš
ݳǷ飬Ϲȫ֪ˡ
漣̻ѾݣΪʵľްԣҲеĸˡ
͸һĴ«һϱųмʥĲϣһƷʥҩ
Ϲ㲻ɾЩҩֵֻ¶ﵽڽˣҲ̫˰ɣҿ֮𣡡
ⶼģ漣ֿ̻滹кܶ࣬ҪȥðѡǸŮΪҰﲻæϳԴѷӰΪȣЩȨǲˡ
ƴôںô㶫
ϹҲóΪˣȻǳͳֵģǾʹʹ°ɡ
ѾҿɿɵУϳﴢģԴ漣̻ᷢչĸҪϳǴԪأ
ģ᳤ѾˣѾȫ濪ɣԤܼӹȶͣϹ˵ͻȻֻһת⣬˵᳤Ѱһľʯݴ˼ʮɽУһ߾мơ
Ϊ˶ģٺһЦƷóҿɡ
ϹӲֿƷһ鷢ľʯƾ񣬹â쵣żһЩֵӰɢһֵ
ӨӨϽʣǳʯ𣿡
üȻǡ
ӨӨϹ㶼¶ʧ֮ɫ
ȴ˵ǲӰʯ
ӨӨʵӰʯ𣿡
ȻˣͬʯܴӹγɴʯͨѶԼȵȡֲӰʯͲʯͬһޣֻܴĶһӰʯв׽߱滭ȷʹãγӰ񡣡
ӨӨе
˵Ƿǳ۵õӰϣԺͻˡû뵽ӨӨϳһȦȻջ񣺡ֿʯô
ǳḻֻλƫƧǳס
һָͣϳǵĿͧɽ֡ǻĮⶫ仹𣿡
˿ʯǿƱػ򱶣
ɣȥݣдã
ǣ
Ϲܻش
ӰʯǾԵĲϣһֹԲϣ;ǳ㷺챾ѰҳʯʯûҵȴҵӰʯҲϳһˡ
ڶ죬˳˿ͧзݡ
ӨӨԿͧٶȺܱʾ⣬һȥҪͶ蹤רͧ
ͧҪƵطкܶࡣ΢΢һЦɣ̻һڽΪչзʽȥһ漣Ԫе̻ᣬλ᳤ͯС᳤ǹͬô
̫ˣ
ӨӨͱȽУֶԿܸͧȤ붼ûͬˡҲԭӨӨûһ˼άӨӨ뷨ǳԾܱĳһЩ벻ĵӡ
ӨӨܸƱ˵ԪԪ֮ѧϰҲ÷ǳǿоôಿţܲȫ迸ţӨӨ԰æֵһˡ
漣Ԫе̻ῴȥǳһʱģʵźܴ壬ԺҪкܶ඼ҪŽУֻĿǰﲻˣǰȥҲδˡ
ڳʯµϢˡ
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ǵõµ鱨ݷһ;ĳʯ߶Ǻϣаٷ֮˾ʮܣҪҪȥȡƷ
ݰҲԶ°˵ˣҾһ˰ɡ


243 
޺ݡݡݡݡ
ﵽʮƽˮḻǧգĹڵĺǴ޺ȥģ˵޺Ĺŷǳش塣
콵޾󣬻޺Χڶסȫ֮Ŧŷǳشս壬Ϊ漣̻ṩǿ֧֣ƻ漣̻;ͬʱչԽԽԡ
ȥһݣ첻õİȫ⣬ûʲôܱȾлȨˣ漣̻ǾϴԼ̻ʲôõĵģ
᳤߽˵ٹһʱִܵˡ
סҲǳ죬ڻ೤裬һ̻ٻ᳤һ˽װ磬俴㣬ԼʮӣûܿǵݽۿڣҲʱҪݾߣ𲻱ҪĹע
ǣ幧˵Ҽסˡ
ã°ɣ
ڶ棬¼Ӻɴ棬Ȼ࣬Ǹ߸ͣԲͦΣбʵ˫ȣȻܳгǷʡ
ΪʲôҪУǿҵţұû㡣
Ů˵ѾȫλԼڵĽɫ
Ȼо
һֱ˻᲻ڣڿȫǶˡ
һףʹСҲѷɫ١Ŀɨɨϣһ䣺Ϊʲôϲأ
üͷһ壺òãͽ鷳
Ů˵ġ
Ů˲ϲԼøģΩò׸ӳ⣬ѵûһŮôԣ
ѵʲô̼ͯԱ⸱ӣ
һġץ«굹һ۾ƣȥݲ鷳ΪչһжòҪˮģˣӹˣ̾ˣű¶ݣϾǱ߻ûжʺϳ뿪ݰ
Ϊһе꣬ٸŮ֪ѣбҪúȥллŮˣܵůѰ
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겻̰ڣԳú«۾ȴǳϲƿڸζǴҪҪʵüֵܸߣϾۺǧ꾫ԪݵȲģǵѸٻָԪΪЧ
Ҿֱӽ̫ûòϹһƺΪҲ̫ʺϣϾ㿴Ҳ˶١һ¶ǣɣԺͳɡ
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ü΢壬죬ܾϰ߱˿ôϰ߱˹ġ
ǲ£￴һ˿쳣ҶԼѴҿ԰
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һ
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ȻĹģеǧ
Сһˣ
һ᳤߽ˣǵͷˣ
ݣ֮ݣɽֲߴٷ֮ʮθӣɽܣȴİУԴһݡ
ḻԴڶ࣬ݸۿڿǳ٣̴̴ﲻ
ǲһǰִܵݣ׼ֿ⡢롢ͷݳ̺ʯϢҲһ֧ǲͻݵġ
ϵ𣿡
᳤ģѾϵˣ͵
Ȱѵͼ
ݵͼݵòչʾķǳ
ݲͬƽԭΪɽɽΪһ롱׳ơ롱
볤ǧٹݣĹһɽ
ݵͼܸоĴ磬ʮ޴ƴϣӲһΪݵġࡱֶǴɽеġ֮У̺ŷḻޱȵĿأԼռԴ˳ϣ
գȫݣݺͶƱظ룬Ҫôĸɽ뻥أȻҲа취ģ
˾̽Ϳ٣зͨˡ
·Ƕһ徶ǳխѣҪܶΣյشߴħ޵أٵطխһ죬һ޳УֻһСֱͨƽȣݹٷרͨԴ䣬ӽȫͨ
ݺͶݵ԰ټƵĿɽֲֳңҲΪɺķ㡣
뿼ľҲڡ֮С
֮ףŹȻ١ѵͼϸһ䣬ɵһֿ̺ʯǧϧҩģ޲һõطݵӣԲ̫̶ȺܵͣԽĵط˵Խ̻
췢չ̻Ϊʲô
ΪԼ̾Դô
̽⵽Դٷ֮壬ȴѾ˿ɹˣ漣̻ὫӵݼǱΪһ޴Դأ޺ƣ漣̻ᷢչȻ١
Ѿˡ
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ˣˣӶԱʹʹ񣺡̰ѿʯƷ
̧һӰ룬ӴԺ󣬶ʱâһžӨ͸ľʯ
һ۲졣
ʯǷǳرģһּǿķǳñϣһ۾ͿҪĶ
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244 
ʯ۸ʮһ㣬ҪִûпҪ;һֲ̫õŲϡȻǡǡһֲϣԳ漣̻սԼ塣
ݳ֪ʯǳĹҵˣݵһ󣬿¶ʱѰ٣ֻѡҹƱػӳɱʱ˷ѡ
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ҪĿʯȷʯ֮󣬲ɫӣ׼ʲôļǮۣ
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ҲֵȦˡգ˼СֻۣͲ
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ԭĻһֻֻ򿪣һ鲻ͬɫľǰɨһ۹ȥȫǷǳľмĹϡвϣ漣̻ʹüֵҲܴ
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ʯɽǳ۾ʯ·ȴխԸǲֵǮģһǧңɽͲһˣ
һϣҾ󡣡ּ˵ҪҸۣҪҸۣҪҸۣҪȫҸۣʵݣ¿ɲ࣡
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ԼɣʽЧڿʼ˫밴ԼִнͽףܹԼҪΥԼ
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췢һֳɽڶ࣬ȴЩ̫񻰣пɽûֻǼ˿ء
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ѵ֣Ҳһָ֣ħ޷ĳ֣ղģ޳ֺƻԷǳǿܶɺܴţֱвУһң


245 ϻƨ
ϿȳֹŨʱһΣϢüһ壬ѣ̷˲еħޣȻħǰûġ
峤Լ׵֮䣬ٽﵽٽңһڼ̵Ӳǣϸһªͷӣڵߣǰ߸ֱֻۣͦһԺȻǷ׳˶Ыǯ
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Կų죬ͻȻһ˵꣬ת뿪ˣһֻ֣ڵϡ
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ЦʲôЦСһۣŲ㣡
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246 ݵ
ʹߵɽ£̾ԶԶһζӦǾŻѵǧ֮࣬ģ治С
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247 
ݶ⣬ܲô
ͨ޺ôܴʣݱԶĹָ¶ƵѾľˣ
ӵḻԴȴ֣νеñʧ
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ʱһ߳Żݣɫ΢ףӣ˫з˫ȴʱâȻһλز¶ĸ֡

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252 󹦸
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̫߱ǿף֮֮󣬳Բ⹥ڵκĿ꣡
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ԽԽ˷ܣƺû̫ѳϣϾһ죬⣺ϻö䰲۲죬ѰһᣬƱһУ


254 ˵䰲
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׾ͺá䰲ʣд˾ȴȻ˵Īʮ˵ң
׸䰲һһˮУ䰲Ŀ
񣿿ó
䰲ЦһӣԲŽӼ򣬷ٲִ¡
䰲Ϊ˼ֱŪȨĦλ˼Ͷýҹ֮
һ֮ţѺͻǻŵĻδܰס
Ȼ
˵
䰲һǧɣ
ԸԺ䰲ڵġҿֻǣϵش󣬲ϣе˼
ǶԷ䰲̾ͻ
Ϊˣ䰲ģڰ˺һΪһϥ˳ŵ
Ҳա
Ǿ͹һɣ


255 䰲
̰֮ˣȻΰ죬ϧþλһĵ
䰲˦𣺡Ƕ£û׼ϵ
׷ߡ
СĴ򿪾УһɫǹԪأС䰲Ŀ΢ʲ̫ҪδҲ̫ˡ
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ʲô͸ֳչʾһ°ɡ
䰲ϸˣ
֪䰲ɣ˵ʲôûãԪǹɡȡ׵ԪǹȡһԪصϻһ
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ɫǹ¥ģ˲䱻һâˡ
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ƺӡŷǳܵ󷨺ͷĽṹ˼ǣ׷ϵͳܱһϻ
ƾһ㣬һǳķ
ԪԪ߶ҩƷ̵УǸ벻˹ġһְ취ܰ˽ųӶԶԪ󣬶һμߡ
׼һӿ۶
䰲ĸоǹӡķԪͬʱĳֹϻбȡһǿԼٶǹڡ
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ǹ򣺡䰲ΪΣ
ʲôĳû
ɵһĻǰʱ䰲;ˣֻ˳⵽ʲôΪʲô˲䷢ǿ
䰲䰲
Ҳû𾪣ֻзǳʹ죬˺ü䰲Żι䰲ʲôû˵ֻѸٻָƽصλϣȴһ⡣
䰲˻ʱǰȻܱ侲Ǻܲ׵ġ
򵱳ӦҪöˣ
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һӶ߱ɱʿ
䰲侲˫̲סڲ۱ȻͰɡ
һЦ䰲ΪۼΣ
Դأ¡һѼֵǵһңŶӦҪϡ
Ц䰲Ҳп۵ʱ򣡡
䰲üһ
ƽĶۡ
ȷʵ
Ȼ˹вǶڻѾ˶ԣȴһѷǳʹңҲдģֻ˰֮Ҫռˡ
˭֪ⶫƺǼ۸δ̫ߣҪǧ֮ޣдҲûʲô˸ãΪ۸̫ˣΪǧһƷ´ࡣ
һָɱ
Ҫһǧ򣿡
䰲ʱоĳգǰһ̱̫ͻȻַʵγǿ
Ҳգ
ȷʵ
ԶԪϵͳ㹻ҵܴıˣƾһ㣬ļֵ
Ȼǧңشһǧң
ž
䰲ķѣ
ֺ𺳵ѹȻ
ǿѹʱĵ˺üаЩԾǿߵ𣿹ȻԶԶʿļˣ
һǧҾ͹ˣ䰲۾Щ죬缢һ㣬Īƭңⲻܣ
˵仰ʱԼΣ
ôһСжܶԻʿвɱһǧҶһʿĵԴ򼸰ǧԻϻѼǧڣٵһʿɱֻҪһǧң
ôܽܣ
һǧһѡ
ʮһࣿ
ٰʮࣿ
ǧһࣿ
ռԻɵ߸Ӱ죬Щ廹˲ţģɹɵĳһˡ
һǧͬʱ̼߽һ֧ӣ
İ˺ǿߣҲܲסٰԪǹͬʱ
ֻһٶҳɱܺɱһİ˺ǿߣһʲôֵطһŮҲˣ
Ȼ
Ȼǿȫʵʹм˳ǹԸҲվŵӣƾʵٶȣһлῪǹ
ô˵˵ɱȴ˾Чǿ漣֮
Ȼǳɱ۸񡣡䰲Ӧǳ⣺ԳӣҪ۵ĻÿһԪǹôҲһҡ
һ򣿡
䰲ӹ󣿡
ʲô̫ˣ䰲Щŭ˵ôˣǵطҲܴڻ
䰲ʼֵ̫̫ˡ
ˣΪʲôҪˡ
һʤʦ
䰲ĿȻһϵǳ֪ܷǹͼŪأ
Ȼ
ֶԼô
İͼ³ΣˣϾ˭ͼֽ˭һִ֧װûҰļԸ˷䰲һͼֽǿƵһ졣
ԪǹĿǰڲԽ׶ΣǾõͼҲֻƵĲдƷ
𣿡
οԪǹԪĻ콫ῪȽԪΪֲֻܷˣв佻񣬻ȡǿֶΣʵ䷴
䰲һ˲ȷʵ˳ͷ
Ͼջ̫ˣܰѳסɨȮֲԭҲֻʱ⡣ӳԸǳӲģǿȲһнĳޣֻ»һ
츽ױһ⣬䰲Ŀ
䰲һûܷż㣬ж̶̵дżٸ֣ǳӸ䰲ױš
Ҳûݣ֪дʲô
һﾭƣϣҪǳӲźã
һ죡䰲Щŭ˵Ȼͷݸ̸кַͬ̽չҵ
ʲô
䰲ȥݣ
ǲǷˣ䰲ǲ뿪ǵģ
䰲ûмô
Ҳ̫ˣȽѵһ䣬˵Ϊ룬Ϊ䰲ҪܴͳҲһ¡䰲Ȼǰݣһλȥ̸ˡ
Ҫȥ䰲Ƭ̣ĳɾϵķ򣬿½ھͻԳ춯ֱ֡뿪ǣò׼Уݾ޺ֱͨµֻôѧ߰һӣڲǰս£ݡ
䰲Գ֣鷳Ƕɹˡ
䰲еȥ̸Уأ
䰲ʵ̫ǿ˫Ե£̸ֻлʹ벻

Сʱ
ĳɾľ
һλϹټϴæϹٲط棺ϣ䰲ؼ㷢ݣ
ڻྺϵ䰲սԣȨѷɫˣ䰲ÿһż㣬Ӳĳɾƿأ䰲һ֪
żڴˡ
ĳɾֱӲ䰲ţ򵥵ɨһЦ
޷Ҫѧȫ죬䲻ҪϹټܵʱ䡣
䰲ǸĲë
ĳɾʵû̫ѳ
ֻǳŴζϹټңһΰϹϵϹټ߾ˣϾϹΥǰƫƫִ֨Ӱڶξ͹ˣķϹٷɳ˲Уķľ档
Ľˡ
ûгֹƽϺү
ضزסķ򲻽İ˺֮һϹټһҪķ֧ķϹټܲӰ
ĳɾ
һֻϣλֻϣͲʲô̫Ѿ顣ĳɾվǰݣмԳһС֣ڼȻлᣬ˳һҲǺõġ
ҪҪ´ţ
Ϊʲô£ǿɲ䰲ȥȥ΢һģļĳˣҪ֪𣿡
λϵȻĳɾ˼̶ż޸ģĵطŻԭĵݵĴѧȥ


256 ѧ֮ŭ
ݳǡ
ľƽ·ϣ֪һĺϢѾͨˡľֱţͣϻǣڳ֤ʵϢ
ľŴʧ֮ܵڶӴ֮»ͻԳɹΪ˴δ󹦣ľܵǵǿӵľԣϲϼϲ
ݳڼʱģӣӶͬʱʮӿвڰһҪͨȫͨˡ
ΪƵٴη
ݿʼɽӪվ
⣬򾫱פӪάİȫ
ôһԴѸٻָˣԴʼЩѹɷݻԴˣᴷض
빲Ͷǧңھʲô鶼ֻҪԴغ͸ֹɷݶ̾׬һֹһ
Žȥʱ䣬ƳȶԺЩԴֵ
ЩԴʱԱֵչǳ˵Σ
ȴԽնļ۸һǮԴΪ漣̻һȶĺԴ׬ˣ
ľص游ȫ壬ɽӪٴη
ĺãľоɣͷɢˣݼµǵԽˣˣҪ԰ݷúøлݳǵĴ󹦳
ȻСľԥ룺Ĺǡ
ľľɫһࣺ೤͵ûǱӣҵ˼𣿡
ľ˼ô᲻ᡭ
һҪãľһ˵οӦõı꣡
ڽң
ΪֻڽңľƺЩջ𣺡Դһ붼ɷݣʧ˵ʮڡʮڶֹȻǳûٵΪ󲿷ԴֹɶƣҲֻ۱ֻˣ
ѹ֣
һȻüթ
ߣѵʵŴʽû٣ƻʵľ׷һ飬ôľһ顣
û֪
ҰͶľϡ
߶λص˵һĲֵġȻľ˵ȷʵΪľӣ̳иľλ˷ǶľԺܷ˳Ͻźܴ塣
ľһԸ˵һֱ벻ףͨˣΪʲôĹȴû˵أѵѧߣ
ľʵ֪ݣֻŰˡ
ʲô˼
Ϊ͵µĻѡľ˵ͻȻһתһʼҲȷźĹ۲죬ѾԶԣĹĵһѧߣĵһ䡪ǧ
ľ㱻ų
ʵǴѧ߹ǧ
ǧʱöʮʱѧ߹ܶңݷúܶʦصĹ֮󣬱ΪĹѧʵˣ˵¡
ĹѧߵĿУٲȻһ߸ϡľҲ벻͵ϽѧߣȻĹĵһѧߣ
Ҳ԰
ĹһѧУľǴѧ߹ǧＰףݳݣֳѷɫסΪ֮ѧʱҾӦ뵽ǹǧˣֻǵʱȫŶѣ
ѧߵ͵ݣȻԼĿǡ
Ͼѧߵ̫ʢعݵĻȻ䶯ǧǱоҹЫƽ֮Թǧһսƽ⣬ǻӦЧ⣬һʱĻʿܵ
ϾϣԽʧԽ
ѧ˶ⲻˣĹ˭ݰտ϶ʧȥģһʧȥģͻд֣ôݶԶǺܲġ
ȻѾˡ
ôǧûݵıҪôһĴݣľӿ϶ҪŰݷãһݺԱл
ѧ߻о𣿡
ǣѾҹûˡ
ǧﾭЫһս֮󣬽ɨβսоû¶ˡֻǰԼоʵ۾ķͼֽ
̺ǻ̫̫ˣ
ǧ·Ƿһصðߣ˷ܺͿȵ齻֮֯£ҹû˯ǱʼǾдıʼǱ
ľľɣݼ
ǧﱻľϣһ˿죬̺ϱʼǱо߳ľ٣ϳϷ򡣡
ľҲװɵһȻ˵ѧԶΪݽѣľδܼʱϳʧ⣬ֲһľϡ
˰ɣǧûһۣ̾һݽΧ֮֮
ǧͼֽˡ
Ųо룬Խоɽֹͼ۳һϸùǧоǳ
굽׻˭أ
ľɼѧ߲Ը񣬵Ҳǿ´ͨػٰһʢᣬϣѧعˡ
ǧ˵
ͻȻһļХ̧ͷȥʱֻһٶֻ޴ķħޡĵɫɫʨӰĺŻɫëӥһͷǰ֫ȫƽɫӥ˶ݡ
ÿʨ޵ı󣬶һλǹʿ
ʨʿţʿ
ģ
ĹСǷǳģʨմǴڣʨʿսǿȻϲԹֻ졢ţػֻá
һӴ֮󣬹ȥϥأʿŵӶӳܱݼѧߡľ򡣡
ľʣʿĪд·
ҵȷݣЭѧȥִ񡣡ܱ˫һŵݹǼĸѧߵĽż㣬ѧԹĿ
ǧɨһۡ
üͷɫ
ߣһСӣϷˣǧŭһĹݴ˵ȿͽ棡
ľʣѧߺι
ݳһ֪ߵغСӣǵҼӡָңɶǣһݴңݳѪɺ򡣡
£
ľеǳԾһ顣
ʱϢݼԹ˲Ͼľݿ鶼˽⣬һ֮һдһС족״һʮ֮ͽ
ѧǰѧѧ߱ˣҪǴȥԺ䶯Ĺˡ
Ҫǣһ𶯵˽̲壬ԼΪ֮ס
ˣ
䷸ûʹأݣƨɶûȣȻͱϵˣ
棬̬ȣǵ
ݣ˻ң
򣿡ǧѾЩһֱǰ˵״̬ڹԳôһ֮ȻϷˣôͶȻۿаȥһݣ
ľʣԸףѧһ֮
Ĺ֮ڣû˸ҶңһøһӣһݳʲôÿķҲյվͽִݣϷһ̽̽ʵ
ݱԽʺϴ󶯸ɸꡣ
Ҳã
ǧûݵ飬̳ܱʨգݷȥ
Ƭã̴أڽ½нԶʱ򣬹ǧֲ೤衱꣬λŲ֪Ժη֪ûлֽ̡
ǧƤûٺһЩʱӦסԷѾˣ˭֪ȥ
˽⣬һҪúô


257 ѧ߽
ʨʿ̫ˣȻݳǣǸˣɾӹˣһȡж»ʹܵǣ
֪ѳץߣܲɧҡ
ҪݾߣǰӦȻ͸Ѱ䣬Żһܻ񣡡ǧܱǰ񣺡ķٰѳиз䣡
Ǵѧߡ
ֻˣҸռ֤

˼˿Ű߿²и֣Ϲ꼶ʵʹϵˣжʱСģ
ѧ߷ģǱ֤񣡡
ȥɣ
ʿѡμϸ̣ǿʿţıʺϸµսκһԱɵļţܹʤμǧӳ
Ĺرжӣһ˶ѣ˵ʲôѣ
ܱʿУαװ͸ݳǡ
ǧͨݸۿڣѧѧ½ǡǧִݳǵĸۿʱ̾ͱǰ׾ˡ
İ˴ݿǧĸûȥ
ݸۿڹģģȫԴأԴǳݸ۶ɳͣ󴬶ңӳ˵Ƿǳ׳۵ġ
ȴȷ֣ݸۿڹģǰһͣİҴ󴬣һװж˻ȳæµǳ𺳣
˳ԾǣͷȻٹʱ䣬ۿڹģٴһ
ٲȻһóĸľ
ʲôʱôˣ
ݳǸæµȣ޳ŲϽֳƷ䵽ֿһɷʢĸǿ
գա
֮ҹȥ¡
ݳǷǵûκ˥ܣñǰһ˼󡣹ǧ﷢㶵ʱͻȻһģ̌ͷʱ°Ͳڵϡ
ʲô
ԲΣ޵Բξ൱ٶȻһǧûмⶫһ򣬵ǿ϶ͨΪٶȺܿ죬ȻһǿĶϵͳ
ÿԲ޵һװƵӡ
ǧĿš޵Ʈݳ⣬һͲֿϿͣס󻺻³治ʱװƵĴӱ򿪣վһؿʯȫڲֿǰ
ֻ޵ػˣѻһСɽ
ж󣬾޵ֻƮֳһȥˡ
ǧͬʱΪһѧߣǳ˺ġ
ߵֿǰæµһ䣺С磬ЩϷɵĶʲô
ǸݳǰɣһװĹŸ̾ȴǳԺ˵ⶫҲܿ漣ͧװҪȵһСͻˣ
ûЩʯǴϳǱ͹ġʲô
Ӱʯ
ԣԣͽ
漣ֱͧӷɵɽװȻԶԶ͵ݳ
Ҫ֪ǿɽɽ޳ͽȥҪѿʯ˵ϳǱˣ˵ϳǧ˵ݳǣûʮ춼ˣһȫ漣ͧɿЧʼֱʮѽ
̫ˣ
һҪ;Ŀ˻ߣ
ʱԴʵ̫ḻʵһСУܿɵԴࡣΪ򻷾أûа취ȥھġ
ݵ롣
ĹԴ
񿪷̶Ȳ⵽Դмٷ֮һΪʲô޷ɽˮգԽ룬䣬ֻܿܲɣ
ֻͧˡ
ǲУͧװܲСԶˡ⣬ͧʻޣֻʺݿ䣬͡
һ˲㼱ʲô˼漣̻ŸոհѿͧȫҶѣڲУѵԺ󻹲𣿡
˵Ҳǣ˵Ҳǡ
漣̻ỹʲô
ЩһۣǶ漣̻ĳݡ
ǧȴĬֿͧʵкܴ尡漣̻ͳȻ޶мֱ°
ǧ˻ʣ˵ҵĺܣ𣿡
ң񣡡Щ۾һɣǰͦҵģЩѹţѡԴ漣̻֮ݷΧɺܶ࣬С嶼Ͱ²ʱ䣬нˮ
ǰҶѧԺȫ漣̻ƻṩѧ𣡡һ꺺һҸѧѶ漣̻ˣ׬ǮԼģҲúùˡȶѧɳһȥ漣̻Ṥҫ鹰
ǻҪɻأûб飬鷳һã
ԵģԵģ漣̻ǿô߹ʣҲúúøɻ𡣡
ǧЩ㶡
ЩͱЩǷĵġ
ǧԤȫһ
֮ȻƽȻģֻţҲ̲ӦûһƬҾŶԡ
οˮǰ
Щ˳̾޺ɱӣ޶ǽ֮޷ⲻǳ𣿣
˭֪ݳǷǵûˮȣñǰûңǰˡ
ѵ鱨ʵг룿
ô췢ˮǣ֮ң˽̲壬شʹǲʵ⼸͹һٴˣ
ǧĵӣǧﱾˣǶԴѧ߱˵Ϊ
ôһҪץ˵
ܱѾжƺܿץס죬ķҲܿϵݣһץʱռ֤ɣ
ǧûмڳƣֱ߽ݳȡ֤
ƻʱ֣ݳǽػ谵
֣Ϊʲô·߾ʯƶˣ
ǧĿɨСʱ䱸ʯƵģȫΪĲˣһֵ״ȡ֮
״Լһɣһ˶Ĳ
ݳѵûе
ߣø죬ƶˣҹ񲻺ܲȫǲѳϣ
ϣϣ
ʵ﹫ʩȱʧƨϵǳκòãǧΪǳݣԵ¹豸ݻ٣ӦҲΣ
ǧﶼûء
ͻȻ䣬һ⻮ΧݳǷ·̼ȼнֵһƬͨ߰ѽֵյ磡
ǧŵһԶʲô
УһǣСŮڽ߹СŮǧӶˣƶ֪ˣˣ
Ҳ¶м֮ɫȴ˵ѾͷôôûòأҪ֪֪Ҳʲôطеġ
ǧһΣô£
漣̻ķɱǳĵϳ⣬ݳࡣ޲Ժ˵漣̻ΪƳ׼Ԯǧƽ߶أǵˡ
һһСмϻԹԵĹȥˡ
ǧһǰת˲ƻͨĳУԭ״ˣӲųâȾʯҪĶ࣬Чǳȶ
ƣһȫԶô
ǧûзκΪݵļʮа˾ǸݸӦǿԶ򵥣治򵥡ݳʲôʱôȤĶ
Ҳûʲôá
޷ȡʯƶѣ
ǧͲˣ췸ô£ѵһ֤Ҳ
һеģ


258 
ͷϢݳǷ޴ı䣬ǲһûаǱ仯ڼʱ֣ûüעԹǧԴһ֪
ݳǵĽֵ˸оһ硣
಻벼·ƣԼ裬ƹЧ˿ۻҡ
ؼۣ
ؼ
漣̻Ƴʯ׷СЧ죬ӳֲӰжǿֵֿΌܼ˺ֱֺˣðձر漣ųƷƷɣ

һ̵ǰһڷ
ǧ﷢ֺһظģ١ȫһģһȻһںĳַ棬ٷظţӶﵽΪ͵Ч
ôԶأǧȲúооջǿסˣڲ֦ĩ˷ʱ䣬ץռ֤ɡ
ƹݾƵǴ̽ϢĺõطùǧҲҸطЪЪš
һװݻĴƵǰƹЧǾ޴ƸýӲӵƹγɡ漣ƵꡱֺĿ
֣ôô࣡
ƵΪЩʳͶ鶼ŵȥˣձ鶼Ϊ
û취ֻһһ㾫µľƹݡ
ӭ١ԱӭҪż䣬ֱϴ
һżɡ
õģԵʲôأԱѹǧ쵽һƼǾƹݸոմ漣̻ᶩһͷ۸ʵݣ⡣
漣̻Ķ
һǸİɣȻ˾͸Ӧóˡ漣̻ͷݣݿֻйƷĵݳܶ͹ݶȱǺѵõŶ
Ǿ͸ݰɣ
Աʵ꿪ͨ㲥ϵͳò͹㲥ĻֻҪ֧һЩѾͿˡ
㲥ʲô
أ漣̻ݳǴĹһףпȫ½һƹ㲥ϵͳȫ˲ʲôطʱԼϲݡ
ô棿ǧе㲻̫ţϷҪ۽磡
ԱѰڹһ̨򿪣̾һֻصУһŮ˵
ӭһص漣̨Ҫһİ£ʫ˴ġ
ԵŮ˾֣Դ϶۵Ĺ£һǰδе顣
ǧһˣȻᱻʲô㲥沥ùǧĿࡣ
ôģ
Ա΢Ц˵漣̨ĽĿ֮һڵ̨˵ģŮݳźܴķʵСأϲĿԼлƵ֡ӦоСȻֻܽƵһЩշƵûյģ
㲥ȣ
漣̨
ǧеһ㱣
ʲôԭأ
˵ơ֮ͧǽСôֽ㲥ϵͳǾеĴĹ㲥Ҫܱ鲼ȫôϢô
ܱ鲼ȫ½鶼ָƣ
ⲻḻмƵ÷ھºͻá
ͷˣá
ǧһ߳ŹͷһŹ㲥ݣͷȻħƳɣ漣̻һħⷽߡӶĸҲܸıܶ˵
һСʱ֪ȥˡ
﷢û˿ж״̬ʼձȶСҪСš֡¡鱨żЩһЩҵ档
ǲ˼飡
漣̻ᵽ׻жصķ
ǧԳ漣̻ῴı䡣
ӭص漣̨ʱʵˮ㻺ʳҸոջһĵĺϢ漣̻оȡشͻƣһȫ¼ʱϣŻʱΰ壿
ȻĿǰ죬漣̻Ȼ׶Ρ
ǲǺܺأΪҵĺģǽڰʱݳǹ㳡й飬ݳǵĳȶΪ졣ھʱ仹һСʱȤǧҪŶ

ʵû¡
ƹͳֿˡ
ʲô
¶ˣ
⻹ܵȣˣˣҪȥ
ƨûԱҲߣ˾ͽȥˣ
ǧﶪһѽϣƴһԾԳٿպüԾ֮£ݳǹ㳡
Ŷ̶̼ʱ䣿
ݹ㳡վˣ
ǧһʶ㲥ǵӰ죬ŵĴٶԶȱֽ֮Ĵͳý̫ˣ
һڹ㳡롣
ԼҸ߶ȣṹ临ӣԹǧԨѧʶҲûа취ֱаءǶԴ۷׷ף漣лҪʲôŹֵĶأ
漣̻ʦʱҲˣʽʼˣ
٣Һãþò
һ߳ҽܾʡ˰ɣݳǴСˣû˲ʶҰɣ
ȺһȻЦ
ݳҪ˵ʶҲˡ
һֱΰ룬ǰһרųԺζĵ竣˭֪ڶ̶һʱȻܹ˾޴ת䣬˶Ŀ࿴
Ҿһ߾һֻ֣Ⱥ漣̻һΰҪ
漣̻ٹչʾ·
Ȼ˷˴η벻ͬ졣
ʴҡŲӣ󲻴󣿡
󣡡
ⲻǷϻô
ܴ󣬾ޣ˵ͻȻ̾һ˵ȻǳźֳĸλԼڣһҲ߳ģһҲȥʷ׳֮һ
ĬȻ
˭֪ܴ˭֪ĺС
ཨУӵǧ˿ڣĹˣ˵ĵ֮أҲ˿֡
ǧд͸жʮѧҲʶɽһǶѡ̫ˣ
˿ڵӴ۹ʮΰ۹ǵĻԻͣڳһߣŭ˵Ĳѵֻ޵ȥ𣿡
顢顢壬Ще壬ӵвѷɫǻۣǵʲôģǵķĻģѵҾͲȥһ𣿡
Զޣ̫½½룬ޣΪʲôǾͲȥݼеģһ˵ԽԽѪ֮⣬Ԩ磬һʲôĿռ䣬ǾͲ֪𣿡
ǧ󣬲׺ɣǿ߻ƽ񣬶ʷУѵǵʱע𣿡
´ʣѡ
Ҳ֪ô룡Ҳģȭͷ˵ʹҺСԾ֮ʹۿɫŮ绪ʹҺܱ΢ʶԨ䡣ʹҺܣҲ뱻סԶǼ
Ϊҷ˶Բԣ
ûû漣̻ᣬԼҲΪԼˣ
ǧֱ㶣С̫ܴˣһͷǵǵθڣôҶЩҪ֪漣̻ᵽִʲô
Ȼ˵ǧղһΪ졣оˣ˵Աߣһڣ漣̻·


259 Ӱʯ
Ϊ˸䣬ڲȴһٴݽҵθڣҪʽ漣̻ķˣ
漣̻Աһζǰֻһɫ棬ôûа취ģ
ҹ֤ͬ
һҺڲ
ÿһ˶쳤ӣֻһ˳Ⱦľǰ澵ӴԼһ˸ߣһ޴ԪɢԪ
ʲô˼
澵ô
۷׷в
θôãôҳڴأóһ澵ӣⲻںŪô
ǧ۲켸롣
ۣ

ǧ￪۹۲죬۲ģȷʵǾӣֱӶϤʵʱ֣ᷢǾô򵥡
ṹȫ죬ڹ⻬棬̲Ȳһ׵ʣǧ޷ֱʣȫγһ㾵棬ⶫ϶һͨľô򵥡
һһ
ȴ䡣
˲ֹۣͣذ
֪ʣ
㵹˵
ҪʵⳡķᣬҲǡ˵̧漣̻ḱ᳤С㣡
ˣ
һƬ㵣
ܰҲû֡ľգߵĿ⡣ˣҲ᲻֪
ҿ쿴
⾵ӳֱ仯ˣ
ڷŵľӣ潥ɢʹâǰ˺ֵľ棬ˮȥһˮ
⾵è尡
ɢâԽԽǿյһˮε˶һֵĸоѾˣһռ䡣

쿴
˾УһӰģѸٱ仯ȻһŰ۵ľɫŮģ߹ʣضֶׯⲻ˭
ҵ죡
᳤ȥˣ
⵽ô£ôȥˣ
淢ľԽԽһ漣̻ܲУһݻľϣԱӰһʲߡׯšڷᣬĿһһЦ䣬¶˵ķϣһ京ŵĸ߹ĵ޶ף
̫˰ɣ
漣̻ܲȴܹ㳡棬ͽǰܴһ衭
ȻһЦķ飬ԡ磬һԲͲ״Ķ˵һ仰Һã
ȷ˳
˹һĻĳλѧߵ۾͵ɵøһˣѾȫ߸֪
漣̻Ἴܵ仭棬ǾĿǰԣƵͬ䣬һȽϸӵļһһڶô򵥣һʱҲɲˡ
ʹõľ漣̻¹ͨѶֱ̨ͨӴһʱ޷֡
ҺַܸʽҼ棬ллλ
漣̻ᾭѵзѾӲӰʯУҵȷʹ÷ģʵǴӰԼӰ
Ҵ۵Сۣȫѻȸ
˼壬ӰʹһֻźͲͬˣӰĳϽҲһģܹźšһı
⣬зӰ̵̴һ㣬ӰζŻ¼ƣħޡΡݷʽñ棬ͼУΪǿ۽磬ΪհعˣԽѧԼճе߸ԵӰ졣
һֶصʣ߹ֲ߰ׯֲʧ׺ͣÿһС
һعĻȫоѪڣ
δܱɿܣ
Ҳ뿪ݳǣܿ͵òǲñúǿ󣬾ܿɵķɣǲúΰҲܰԼӱԼģס
ڴˣΪ΢͸¶һϢ˵ѾзһƷһֶά̬Ĳ׽ͱܹһһ׽ұ
ҪԶסԼ뽫һñڻˣ漣̻쿪ʼŵֻ꣬輫СѾӵһ䣬ӭ֤
лǵ֧֣
˵ôɣ
ڶ̬Ӱ仹ǺȶҲûмȥӾ̫ˣԽķᣡ
ְ裬ҪȥҪȥ
ҪԼӱҲܿǰģ
װģҲȥɣ

ʧھ⾵Ѹٰ±ͨʱֳÿһ˶вͬӦоϲ𺳣г˼ϲáһ㣡
Ǻްǧﳤ̾һⶫʮ꣬Ҳһ桢ݰ׵УϧϧҲԼˣ
ô
ô
ϷһҪΪһߣ
ǧ붼ûȥŶӣȫȻԼݳΪʲô
˭ϣԼഺפ⼸ǲܵģ漣̻ȴΪҴһഺһ෽

漣̻æµһƬ
ˣˣ
ߡ
ЩҲͳͳ߰ɡ
ӣмָţ漣̻ԱŸ߸ߵƺٵĴӴ˳ȥ
踧ؿڣͷѾϸˡ
𿴸ոһž޲ģʵСأֱʽǰķʽ˵Ҳһǰδе顣
Сˣ
߹ðɫ˿
ޣÿ֣Щ˼ô˵أЩ˵ǸոûӰǷ봫ģ᲻Ⱑ
˵С㣬ѵŲô̫ҵˣ
һ죺һô
ھû⡣һ羧ľӰưɣⶫԺȫ½ġ
ͷվ⻬ľӣţֲôȻܰ˵䵽طȥ
Ͳ˰ɣӰʯͲʯһġЦ˵ʯܲ׽棬Ӱʯܲ׽档ֻҪҵȷ취ǾֲܰΪá
㿴Ԫ󡣡콫ӷһ˵ǹԵĹӰ󣬲ʯܲ׽߲٣ȴ̫ȶ޷ԪܾǸԺԭ̸㡣漣̻Ӱ񴫲֮ǾͿ취ߺ϶Ϊһˡ
ʮֺڴ
죬㣡Ϲëë괳ҺӨӨ׼ˣھͲˣ
ãȻʣʲô
ȻϹһ˵ĸ漣̻ϻˣ´½ʷĵһƬɣ


260 ༼
߽һյʵңоͰһֵ̨ǰģӨӨżоԱֵæµء
һ߽ʣӨӨˣ
ӨӨһһû⡱ƣ
ãǾͿʼɡԸ豸װڰ֣׼ãҪˣ
ࣿ
ǳҪӰô
ӰȫͬԪǴͬСģΪֿ֮Ϊܹ׽ߣ˲Ӱ
ǳ
Ϊһ̨ĿǰǱȽϴֲڵģṹʮָӡһε֧ϣһ״ĺɫӣһǹܰ㶫ǰ
⻻һո·һǳķУСһ𣺡ӨӨС㣬Ϲǹ
ӨӨ裬Ϲƶкˡ
¶ΪƽʱϹƣʱ˿̶֣أԵûģǡ
ȱ˵ҪӰˣ
һû׼á
˵С㣬㻹Ҫ׼𣿡
ǿаλŮקһãȻӨӨϹ˭ûйһ鰡˺ڴء
׼𣿡װһСƬ豸׼ǰļˣҪˣ
ӨӨϹ̰ںñ顣

ͣ
ʲô
ֱ˷飡
˵뿴ϵһƬпܻǧꡢ󣬳Ϊʷһ̣Żʱΰ塣
ҪĨǡӨӨװͰ͵һۣлֱ˵
ҵ˼ǣôʷֵƬĸľͷһţǲ̫ûˣɷн˵ҿɲϣڿûα￴ǵʱ򣬾ʳŲϹŰ壡
ŮһЦ
е
ӨӨʵǸðһʲôأ
ȻɣһΪ漣̻మһ˵ķҾͳԵſ׳һ¡

å
ȥ
Ůͬ
Ҿ֪ûôõ¡
ˣˣǾһƿİɣ
졢վվӨӨվڳߣϹռڳұߣϹƺӨӨһʤơ
׼ãһ
װť˲䣬͵첲һֻ§ӨӨĲӣһֻ
꣡
Ԫâһ΢ųϡ
ӨӨŭףһֻŭӣҸ͵Ϯ
ֱӳһߡ
ǸǸһʱƲסݶ㿪Ц㵽һԣϣƬô
ˣ
װСƬ͵
С£˹һΪ졣
˻ӳھƬ棬ȫһģһվһС꿴ƬԼ̼צצָָȻһԵúǸˣ
ƣ
ӨӨϹӨӨӶˣƬеԼ§żߺң̬ҲΪɰ
豻ֱۣ§ס΢ЦУһ˿㵺ͽš
˵ҪЧҪƬǧ˶Ľӵұң
ûİһۡ
һģһӨӨСƬͼҲû׷죬üͷ˵ֻǳߴ̫Сˣܴһͺˡ
Ͳ˰ɡ˵СӰʯƬƬͨԪ߶þʯͷţ׽ͷǰĻ沢ӡ档ǵõСƬ󣬾Ƭˡ
콫Ƭס
ȥˡ
Լʮʱ䣬ܻﱧһʮŲͬߴƬǿЧô
ĸԴ̴
һ߶೤ĸ˺ӰӳС
ۣӨӨϲǺվһΪʲôŵô󣬻ôأ
ϹҲ޲ѣ̫˼ˣ
ͼƬȸӰʯܶйϵƬӰʯܶԽߣܴĹԽϸ壬ƬԽͼƬŴףҲκģ󡣡
踧Ƭü΢΢ʯ壬ɱ᲻еߣֻ²ƹ㰡
᳤õġ׸˵ʵ岢ҪģǱһӰʯᾧѡӰʯܶʯϣҲԶˮϣͬڲƤֽϣһ
¶ɫҲ˵κβ϶Ϊӡˢ壿
϶ԣ
趯ˣ˿ò˶ãݳǱֽ鼮СȫָּܱдʵƬˣ
߸߾ƬԽԽ⣬ŵģɲһͨƬʷ
ӢûʱⳤС
ȴʷǺεش壡
һʱķ
ӵһ̨ԪߵﶼܰѿĻǺεѤˣǾ㲻ҲͨƬԭɽһˡ
ⶫ̫ˣӨӨеһҪģһҪģ
ϹƸ˵ôܣҺһôԣϴҪ㵥һţ
û⣡
Ϲƴ§ų˺Ӱһš
ӨӨһŰɡ
ѽѽ
վһӰһš
֨֨֨
С㵸ҪһţҲͬˣһ
ӨӨǳˣǼ̫û˼ˣһȤ
˵ûϹƱͬȥѣʵ̣Լ˶й
˷׷׾ۼ
ôССһ̨òֺ
Ȼڲû⡣ͽȫǹ⣬ôҶɣΪȫһΪ죡
ӨӨʣʲô
ֱҸһţ
ӨӨֳֹͷȻĳüƬ
ӨӨ˵ǰƬӡˢ׶ߴͼһЩ֣ǸȥҸұ֤ü죬ĹͷЧʾܷ
𣿡
ȻǱֽǵ̨ǡҪǰͼƬǸĿĵطͽӶѣһעʱӨӨ㶼ܳΪأ
ȷʵһµֶΣ
Ϊ½ûгֹЧ϶ǿģ
ûκʩбֱַۣ漣̻ÿƳƷͰͼĵǣϵ̨ƣЧҲͿ֪ˡ
һֱ浽ҹ
Ϊ׼ţǰҪȥ飬⣬Գ뿪ܲ漣̻ݶȥ
߽һȽƧĽֵʱ
ȵȣȻһ䣬˸ǣ
üͷһ壬ˣ˭


261 Ȧ

ܣ
ݳû˸ҶԳ춯֣ûҶԳ֡
ĵȼ
ʶɨ
һּʮˣ
ЩϢıһס
첻Ҳ̫׷֣˸Ծǣ˵ʵǳǿձǻأΪӵл۷壬ȻȲϼ̫ϳϣҲ㶥֣
Ҷ̫ϳϱɵݼ嶼ܾ߱ʵ˾ǣûи㶨䰲
üͷΪԷǿǣڶ͸ݳǣԼȻһ֪
ôģ
첻±͵ϮĶߵ֣رӨӨСǡںһ㣬ٺһ㣬˾֪ӨӨСץߣһ취ûˡ
У
һҪ
١ѯ𣿡
֡ģʵҲһ򾡵ģǴݾ߱أӳҳͲˡ
˼ǡ
аʮֲǱҳϳһ򾡡ѹ˵ƾͼƣץңһºۼھͻȥϡϴǹٰȺһ˾
̫ðգһǰɱڵж͡
ʱһë׵İɫԴ۾꣬˵㵱겻
С꣬׳Ϊʲô޿ˡ
԰
ˡ
һصıڣ
С걾ûʲôսСǳ飬һӡŵħľżСԶٻ֮ͨٻٻһεЭս
ħȲǰʵȴԴﵽѾ۷а˺֮һҲа취ȫ˵ģԸڰȫ⡣
ã
겻ԥ
ܱʮλʿǣʮλ⸺Ӧ
Ϊʮ׽´࣬漣̻ܲǳܣвֹһλǿߣûа취ֱӹȥֻѰһŻ
ò׳ȴƫƫһλ֣
˵ʿʵףн˲ףʹܳɹҲһḶǳصԲܱ˲ż֣һ·ٹ۲졣
ڣˡ
ߵ·ʲôͷԸ䣬뿪ˡ
֣᲻թܱüͷ壺ȶסСӣҪȥŮûԶ
һβȥӺѸۻء
ӳȷʵѾȥˣ
ã׼֣Ҫֳٽߣ
ʮӰѸٷֲΧԳγɰΧơ
ȴû֣ﴵĿţǰһתǣȭͷ͵غ
һˣд̡
˵һ롣
ܱұۼӳԪīȥ
һ졣
涼ˡ
ĻԪƿֱͦͦſڵʧȥʶ
ݰܱΪһأ˭֪һôûã̻ӻ֣ˣߣ
ʿѳ쿸ʮӰ̾ʧڽʲô鶼ûз
쵱ȻװΣ
ֲܱ֪壬Ϊǹ壬ǿͶֽʵ
ο׼۷ȫһֵסɱֽѳδߣôڳܷΧ֮ˡ
ҹѾգѳǣע⡣
ֱܱ˼ͨլԺȰѳ찲ڵңְ˽ŵæµ

Ԫ
챻һס˫֡
ԻʿرǵӲȼܾܹ֮ܳѹƻʿԪꡣʿԪ겻ʹãôʵȻۿۡ
⻹ֹء
ܱһǷĵӰѳܹӡԪתֹͣӶһֿ߽
ַרҵ첻Լѡ
ȥ֪ͨˣٶȸϻء
ǣ
˵ԺӸš
ʿûз֣һֻСĵص챳ݿмھͰҧˣֿʼҧһͰҧһ룬ĽѾʧЧȻɵѳ
ܱΪ첻ˣԲû̫ĳ졣
ⲻ֪ʱ
һߣձץߣ漣̻Ӧ
סֵܣ漣̻¸֣ȫˣҵѺլԺ
𣿡ϴõȷϺ˻˵죬ݳץ߻᳤ԲܷŹǣϣɵǣ
ֵܸǿߣ˿߻ʮλԻ꼶ľ߲㣬ƾ㹻ɶԸܱˣοꡢλԼ漣̻ᡢƼҴӢ
ţֹпǵˣǾҪɱֻ֣Ҫ˴ͺá
룬Ҳԡ
촦ǶǺ¡
ϴıǾ;ҪɱˣٶȽս
ꡢסֵܣλǿȳ˲ƷΧʮʿԱʿӦʱִٶֽһչ͹
ʿ뵽Ǹոհѳ̾⵽漣̻Χ
ӳ
ˣ
⵽ΧǾͿزסˣ
ô죡ôܣסΪʱ䣡ܱо̾Ҫ߳죺ߣתƷ²̳ˣ
˭֪ܱҪѳץʱ
ಣ
һֻ۵ĺ͵سǰ³һɫС룬ӻԪܱ̽壬˲ͶԲܱ˺ͬʱѲܱĻԪˡ
ȻͷųһǿһڵħԪ𣬵Ųܱȥ
ã
װģ
мˣ
ڷѾˡ
ֱܱӺ䵽⣬˵ΪԶ߳죬͵Ϯ£ܱȻɱıˡ
ܱŭҪԾ
һǳȴڲܱԣγһԲεˮĻϣܱεסˡ
Ȱ㲻ҪҶ
ϴ߹俴
Ժ䲻Ӿͱƣʮʿͳͳ²ܱҲûӳȥôֲμӵսȻȴǺСûڳκλҡ
ܱЩš
ôܣݳǲһǶѣΪʲô˶ĸ֣˾񲿶ӣ˿ķӦ֧ҲСˣ
ݰΪץסң·߳űĲܱ˵ɣ˭ģ
ܱһȴû˵
㲻˵Ҳܲµϴӻ֣ͳͳֳһﲢͷӦֻǸжѡ
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ҸոѾȥϴˣǾһ򾡣
ܱȻЦƾŴ˶Կֱ·
еԾˡ
ܱôǿʵȻͷĿ
ô󵽵׻˭أжǿأֲݳʲôطأ
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տ˵ܴãҲϣݳ䶯ҵ뿴һʲô
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ЩСҲλˣֻǼʱ򣬵ͱŵˣ
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룡һ֣Ȱϣ


262 ƥң
ǧ֪ʲô飿һҹûϢҵ漣ݡ
Ϊһѧߡ
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Сʸ۸йأ˽Ҫʮҡ
ǧﵱȻҪѡľʯƬԱȡһհ׵ľʯƬһӡˢ豸ϣһ㾧Ѹٱ棬ñ־ӰʸУǧĳ档

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ǧնıǲӥ裬һֻʻ漣ͧÿһ׷ÿһƣĳˡ
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ǰһѧʶԨǳ󺣵һ˼пյĳ졣˵һţôһš
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˳֪ӳ׶༪٣̷ŭغ󱲣֪ǰ˭ô
㣬ǡ׸ʱһ۾Ϳǧֻûһ󣬶ͷð亹ѧ߹ǧ
һڡ
˶һ
ʲôͷǴѧ߹ǧ
ҾȻϮĹѧߣˣͱˣǧѧ߿ʷǵðЩɣ
Ȼ֪ͶСû뵽񰡣
ŭϣȻϳѧߣ־ܣ
ֳϴڶˡ
첼ú壬ƾҵʵ¶Ըǰ˺֮һҲаġֻԵǴѧ߹ǧҪ
ǧҲǰϲǺܺõģһϵɤӣǶ¡
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ŸƨСԺĴűˣһ߳ŭŹǧҲָ㣡ƥȻң
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㣬㣬㡭ǣ
ǧʱ򣬷ǵûǵͨ죬ûӵɳ
ʲô㣿ƥץ
һ֣һƾͰѹǧſˣ˼ˣѾû취ˣְ˽ųȥѴѧ߸ˡ
ᣡᰡǧﱻ˿ߵʱ򣬴غ࣬Ŷһͻᣡ


263 ݾţ
ܱЩǰʿζ벻ֵطҲԸͷǰʿŵݣдѧڱܹ֤ġ
ٵ죬²ɱǰʿ
ҶǰʿԲҶѧߡ
ǧĹͨ˼Һ֪ͯ˺ˣ֪ѧߵ֡
ǧѧʮ꣬ΪĹش伮ѧԺĽ̿飬һǴѧߴӴ۹˹ġ
ûдѧΪĹĹףô๦͵ѧߣ
ûдѧΪĹ춨ô׬ǮƵĸ̣
ǧһ˾ͰĹƷҩˮƽȫһ𣬹ǧΪĹףκһүȲϵģʵȴʤʵ
ǿƵҲò֣׷ǧѧʿţ
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ѧߵĲѧˮƽÿγ˻ǧܸϸؽÿѣǧóЧ취
˭ҹǧȥǾͲǸȥˡ
ֱǸĹǧѧߺͰչȥǻ³ǵĿˮԽʮΰ˴ˡ
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ԺһӵĴֻǶ̶̳ӣ廨˾ͱһǵǰʿӳһȻǸصĻˡ
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ѵûһϳѧߣ
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֪֪Լʲôܱߺ¹ô
ܱ㲻Ҫ죡
ǧǵûбŭףһ֮ɫԵĲԩ
ŮӹݣһϹͷˣǧĿϣ֪ǳߵıڣл˵
ǧﲻ֪ôݴ˿顣
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ۻ˭Ҳ벻ףԳ˵Ȼݳ죡
֪ǧһӣҲҴҳ鷳
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һյǿ̽յƱ򿪡
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СӺйϲйˡӻ֣ϵԱȥҴ򣡡
İֱӰѲܱϳһȭߡ
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仰õǰʿĿࡣ
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죬䰲סѧߵҲ԰æ׵Գ˵ͷЩ飬Ϊ˻ġ
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룬һٵǰʿ㣡
ܱһͽѧߣǵǡ
ҪˣȷָǹҹһжϷָӡǧЩǰʿƺѸٵĻָϣ뿹𣿡
⡭
λ᳤ǵĵˣǧԳ˵ʱ䲻ˣ
˵ͷãǾһأȥǷˡ̹رճţս׼
ܱɰ󣬴ӻóһֵ֧ĵӣһֱԼʮӵʱ䣬վĳһٶֻ˶ʨջɵݳǡ
ݳǵĳˡ
Ǵ˵еʨް
ÿһͷ2ħ޵ʵһͷҪüǧңʨʿĹǿľˡʨʿųݳǣôܲΪ֮𾪣
гرգͳͳҪǣǷ
ݳƺдҪˣ


264 ٳ
ˮ޺ϣһǿ紵ˮһƬѹѹģȻҰС
ˣ
ˣ
ˣ
սף
ɷ죡
һȻѹȸݳǵϿգݳǽǼķգĳǴûмģ˶ˡ
԰ټƵľƺƵִۿڶждʹһ֧ʮ˵Ĵ;ţ
ݳǵĳǶɵˡ
ݾ
ݾܵʲô
ݾŸͲ˷Ӧʵʱ䣬װһ򿪣ʿСϰӿϣս˻裬ɿڵ½֮䣬ݳͷͱռ죬ֳֵеʿǳ֮ˮ㣬ӿݳǷ
ѹǵĳ棿
ҪսĽడݾźȻϮݳһ׼ûУ
ݳǴ쾯ʾŽǣݾʿ׷׿ʼǧƵĹæϳǽһѩļͷ׼ݾ
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ݾžͲһˣݾĹϲ࣬ر߽֮ΣǾӵʣսľ飬ݾҪʤã
ڴʱ
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Ǳķһƥ˶սϬźصıףʨϵĹǧ̴ЦԭǴѧ߸£û뵽ҸһȻ˻Эͬ³ӣ
ǧһԾӼʮɸ߿ձֱ£һڵڵ棬Χʿһ־ңķǰפ߾һ࣬δ̫˰ɣݿóȻݣȼս𣬷սɣ
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ǧüͷøȳζ
ţһʹɲзϣɥĲ֮ͽ벻Թ־ܡǿЯز塣ķԴ˵Ҫ֪˽̵壬ѳż翹ֻʾǿ
ķӷϻϵʹңȫǰ
أ
ݾҲŽǡ
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ݳǵİնɵˣ
ݾİУǿǷǳģ
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صͿ࣬ƽܴﵽ2ңںڵƤǿ׳ļ⣬͵Ĺбԣ˵ص㡣
Щսʿ㲻⿿ƴùΪʿǺúսǷǳֲģܹǿؼ׹Ჿӣ
ķŶˡ
ȫùǵ׼
ķ˺ܾˣϾķϹٷɳǱ˰ϵģķŭͿ֪ˡݵʱķֱɱͷ˭֪첻֪ʲôԨħȻݰյӵټ򡢽ү壬ķûа취֡
˭֪Լ
Ȼɳʹ߸ϵˣ
ĳɾû͸ķһᡣķȻĳɾ˼Ǹᱨ𰡡
ʾݣһΪһǳûռ漣̻ᡣ
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ķȫʧֻǳǿҷԭɵ
ˣͷ֮ޣ
ݳǵгˣķϬߵݳǰֳ־޴ʣָݳǺݿϹݾˣֻΪַ죡аվʿ޹򿪳Žͣ
˵ķֻһתҸż翹ߣͬݽʿһţնݰҲܵ
ǧɫһ䡣
һķ򰡡
ⶼûйǾȹô
ķֳҲʦʮ԰ͨŵӣؾסݾӡ
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˭Ҳ뱻꼰ذ
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ķʦݳʲôʱôĳ棿ķҲİ˺֮һϽԶҪȰ˵Ķ࣡
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ڲ򿪳ţǣ˸սﴦǿˣ
ԼļˣҪȫңΪһ𣿣
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ԶǿߵģݳǴģҲûܰôһϹǰ˺֮һϹϹʦʦš
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⡭
ķ򾪴ˣľҲˣ˾޴ƣǵûŵݳǣ޳ķ
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ݣ
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ݳȺ鼤ܣһظ߹һأЩ˸ɴɽ֮£ݾѹˡ
΢еӵľٶܿ
ͬģ˳£
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ķô磡һ˻ߵ¥֮ϣһȶźѹѹݾΪСһˣϧţСҡ
죬㻹еӳķߵĹǧ˵ѧߣѾ֣㻹ڵʲôɳǰʿ°
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ѧߣ㻹ڸʲôķϹŭڴˣвɱ֮ѧҪ𣿣
˶֪Լʲô𣿡ǧͷֱģĴƨٲ˱ݹ಻棡ĳɾϷҲ£


265 ֮ս
ݾݾʱ˿̶ɵˡѧߵݾʮ˵棬Ȼָķıһͨʹĳʼδģ˶û뵽
˺֧İݵʯ
ǧĹѧߵıˡ
ĹӰͻŶԣû뵽ѧһ涼ʹķΪ
ĹҪˡ
ķͨĺүϹټĹ
ǧﲻͨѧߣȻûʵҲûйѪͳΪĹ̫ʦһ䣬Ĺĵһѧߣѧ̩ɽûʵȨգ䳬ȻӰκι嶼С޾λȴ˺ƽƽ
ǧҪǹһˣ̾ͻȫΪϱΪѧ׷ɡҪǹһˣ˼ᱻѧ׶ա
ǴѧߵӰ
˵ָķҪǴȥˣķԶ̧ͷ
λ֪ʶӵɲǳصġ
Ŀʷʤʮ嶼Ҫ֡
ҲǺȵģϹټڶ壬ĳɾʵ
ãããķϹܹĴȻǷŭ㣺ѧߣӡȴŴѧߵĹ⻷ĹѧȻԿȻȻ浱ԼǴѧ߾û˸Ҷ𣿣
ʱԿ
дҪѳѺǣȴڴ˰ٰӣѵǶԿ
ֹսֹǣǸºʱ޷ǽɱ֮ˣΪ˺άΪ˰˰ȫȫ͵ǣŶȻó
㡭
ķǿ飬رݣӼΪݽ棬ĨڣߣĹ˺ģݳƣհҰʱԹһҷ˷㵣ҹ𣿽˵ֳҲԻΌף
׽ҹѧΣ
һһѹ֤𣿡
壬ʹѵҪʲô֤ݣ
ƾ޾ݣΪһ˽𷢶ǣǧﴵӵۣŭĿɵĴĽʿѪֻսѪĽʿֻڶԿﲻȮֲԭҲϽأﲻսݣǸݣǰݣפĹӵݣĹʲôʱҲʼɱˣ㷢սͲе߳һ
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ڳǽϿ÷ǳ񫡣
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עһɵս


266 콵Ԯ
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ĵǰʿķŭȥ˭ܴ򿪳ţͰ𣡡
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267 ²ݾ
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ķǻѾ۷Ϊ
ϴ϶Ƕ֣ˮ֮սҲܻܵģ۳һˮܣħζ档
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ͬҶϷǳĬĻʵԶԿİ˺񣬸οˮսռ˵ƣռһ˿Ϸ硣
һѣ
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ˣʲôݽʿԶҲס˵ݣ漣̻ʹݺúλɡ
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漣̻²ֻдݽʿǳԸ
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ݽʿ¶֮ɫ漣̻ͷѾʼݣֻȻǺϡĶֻмлƷκòһˣô˵Ҳʹʹһٰ


268 䰲
ݽʿǵû˵䰲ĴΣգҲֻ˶Σѡ򡢴ѧͬʱˡ
ǧι۹оͷѪһܣ
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Ľˣϼһ쵼ôһ֧漣о飬ֻԱ߸ɵۣ
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Ҫ밡
ͨоԱ޷ѧߣǧһҪ쵼һĿѶԽԽϲǸԪз
򡢴ѧչʾԪ
˵ֻʱı֣Զǰδеľ޴䶯ǸӼŴ˴ζԿû
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λүһλ̫ʦ˵Ȳ䰲һϣҲΪṩɡˡ
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졢סǧ衢ӨӨ棬ӨӨǹ˶ڹ۲졣
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ڶڣ⣬ͻѸɢ˥ߣİĿ꣬ǿȼ˰ٷ֮ʮ
ԪϻƵؾŻĿǰߺȡƷʲǿȻ޷㹻ǿԴ֧֣һֻͨһٺϻܹɰ˴

һ¼ڰ


269 
Ԫܽµʱ䣬Ѿ߱Ͷʵõˣ˲Чʰ
⼸ʱѧΪ޲ԼڳĿµĲӡȻԹ֣˲ˮƴǣ찲ŵļС̬ȣֱͿŻѪݡ
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ǧȻϲûʲôܱԼ֪ʶŬָıѧ߸ˡ
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270 ǹ
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271 һ
漣̻᲻ȱǮȱˣ䰲һѩ̿ľݣһֻܽǿԮ̸еķʽȻҪ䡣
Ԫһؽʷķܴıʷʷˡ
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ΪԪ߸̫ǿȻᴥܶ棬йڵģҲйģƾǵʵزסõİ취ǰͼֽػ
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ѧ߲ҪŭٺһЦʵ䰲ͼֻֽҪ۸񣬵Ȼԣ
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䰲ǣǵļǲϸĽģڻؽԪǹͼֽûͳƷзܸáܸǿǹֻ߸ɴ࿪ǹһ͸ɫһͼֽʮݡһٷô
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272 ȷ
䰲һߣͿʼչص
ÿ춼дԴԴӿʵңܹѴﵽ2ڽң󣬲һЩ3ҩ
漣̻ѾȣǮԳҪ󣬼Ӧʱ㣬漣̻λߣҪʲôû˻Ϊʲô
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Ȼҩ棬öȻҪˡ
졢ӨӨС㡢Ϲĸԭʼϻһһš
һֱЭ죬ϧΪ쵽ȥ˵ͣ첻ô˵ҲҪһ£Ծͷʵһš
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ģ䰲չˣǻû⣬һŪˣǲսתƣ¯٩٩ݾƷǳʼ򵥣λҲΪԽΪҪǣͷ»ҵݻΪ漣̻ҪءͨѶأǲͻ
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˼ǣٳһŷԺǧܲѣٺòˣϷĲ˵ѧеġֻҪϷ٣Ĵѧ߶ӦǱʵҺԴݻǿ̾齨һҴо
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輸˵Ǽ͸һȥϽоͬʱҲΪ漣̻йڣû˸ǹȥϣҵǵʱ򣬸ĶѾˡ
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˺ˣӨӨС㣬Ҵ˻ôһ·Сģ˵ţȡһӣһΪƵĳǹɱǧң2ʥƷϴ죬ڻ٣ǿܹɨɱԻ֡Ҫ˸۸㣬ֱһӴ£أ
ӨӨתŭΪϲİɣû˸۸ң
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ӨӨῴһۣĳǹ죬Ϲ㣬ʵ㣬㣬дұأټ
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273 뿪
ʱĳɱ첻ʲô¶㵽Ҳûʲô鶼ץԸ÷ȨķȨСܵĥܷӸߵļֵ˸һα·սԡ
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ڶ·ŮܣΪ漣̻츲ȫϢ硣
·졢漣̻ķرǳﱸݱ
䰲ЭԽ࣬ǱĹģݱСҲ̫ࡣ
仰򵥷һǣٱҲҪٱݿʲôͱҲҪӦͱ
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ݲһѷɫ˽˿عɵԪΪĹΨһһרϻĵطǲ߱ˣ
Ĺ֪ϳǸ̽ģüĹʹˣϳǱ漣̻Ŀǰĵء
ôĻϻطݳҲûд˭ȡķ
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ԪǹûϻĻǾǿһǳŵ䰲Ԫͼֽ𲻶ϸĽ͸£ǹͼֽƨð
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Сת£ڵϣۺͷצӣţ
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̣õôôϹЩƣһȥһϵء
ϢûϽߣûôˡİɣϵӺùأ漣̻ͨѶϵͳʱϵϻߣ
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274 
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촩߶񣬱Ŵ«ͳһʮ˸ĬѪʬԣէȫעĿ˭ѾΪԣҪǹ뿪ڻߵΪ˲Ůܸسϵķֱ֮࣬һΪãҪҡ
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̲漣̻ᣬʵҲΪϹƸŮ·˵ʧܸգѱʲô취

ĳɾǣʲô
ûͬǰ˺֮һΪˣҲΪ߲嵶ķͬŵĺүǱ²裡
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ݵ·;Զ޺һ·򱱾һ·̣תӵ򱱣ôֱ򸽽ˡ
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ڵ򣬰˸ݿֱΪݡݡݡݡݡ¯ݡݣޡ
ÿһݿأȻΪ֮Уλ÷ǳҪҪЭŦ֮ء֮أݵֵϣԴصأĹأȫǳԲݡ
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Ա㹻㹻εȥأİ˺ʵĹһ͡ﵽ׼ʸΪ
ҲΪʲôһҶܲԭڡ
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γݣ벻⣬ǱҪ
᳤һɵľԱ߽Ҫĵˣ
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Ǳƻ˳˺ӵִݺ򽻽ٽ½·ǣǰ淢һЩ仯ݱּ߽Ҿ徵Ѫܴ𶯣»᲼Ǹ֡
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Ų϶ǳϸңԶݵĴֻ»ĳЩ˵ע⡣
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Աҡҡͷ˵˵кü˿ǧĴׯһӵ˱ɱ˸ɾֶμֻ̣ܴš
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˵һ֧Ȯ岿ֽҲ˵һʵǿħڻЩԶûеõ֤ʵ
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ѾԶˣǽ½·˳ȥ


275 
ѡڲݱ߽ǰ
ﵽ·̾͹ˣݱھӣǿһġ
򡢲ݡȮִԭƽԭΪһƽաвƽԭĹҪĲأĹļԾǲݲġ
Ȯֲ壬޶ȫԱʱããԭҲǵӰӣһߣɴ䡣
ûһ֧㹻ĻӣֿȮأ
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ޣϹƷǳˬ˵ϴҲ룬⻰Ҫ˵ǵ겻ɣ
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һߵǰⷽԲðķΧһΪ򣬾ֵܼŸոյڴֶ档ԵЪţϼƥﵽͰ·̣Ҳ͵ִˡ
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˴ζԾ漣̻С
˷ָϹƾĿݴ֣ĶħΪ淢һУԵΪ󣬾ԲǶħɵģ߸ȫͬЩͨˣΪʲôҪɱأѵȮ˸ɵģ
۲ΧȮͻƲݡܵס洳뵽ĸ֮ڣαϮһЩСʲôô
⻹˵𣿡ϹƷ߷߲ƽ˵ȻΪӺɧң㲻֪Ȯܰһɱԣûһԣ¾Ըɵó
ԡ꿴һЩȦʳûбӶļⲻȮķ񡣡
Ҿ͸ˡ۾ɨĿĵֳĹʹ˵ǻݹ壬˭ںһЩأϮﲻȥݵƻһֳһٸ塣
ǰ
Ȯɵġ
ȮΪʲôҪСأ
ѵȮ壿ϹҲеŹ֣ȮӶߣ˭캦飡
ŵ̵ѪԼԼֱһЩɡ
ЩѪƺγĳ󷨣ʱȥ̫ˣѪѪ
Ҿħ޵˵ɿ
ħޣ
㿴Щߵʬ壬ȫɾѪħħ⣬Ӧûеڶֿܡ
ôɴһӣԲǼ׵飬ԷħޣǱȻպյħޣӡƺû˻顣
ģⲻǾ飬漣̻顣찲οİ˵˲ǵͷϣ㲻Ҳùˣ
ܣҪܣ飬ħûԶŶԣ̫ˣϹƲ̣Ϲ˵һҪ侾ɱħѪĴۣ
ô˵ôأ
ֳû̫ۼѪԪҲѾȫ߲ˣóû취ֱ͡
Сܵǰᣬ̷ʲôͷԳȻ¡
е㾪ȣ֪˭ɵģ
Сͷͳһߴߴм
˺͵ħ̶ĺ񣿡°ͣĿ¶һ˿ǣħ̣
Ӻ«óһơ
飬㶼ˡ
Ƶħһֶܷҵģо÷н֮ȴһֱ֪ƵʲôãҲûôϡ
˭֪ڽħ̵
ҲһԵô


276 
ħʷĹϣȫʢʱǷǳǿģͳʮСΧڣĿǰĹأȮֲԭ
ʱһպħս
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սڣһȶܱߵѾγɾƣʱѸʵĹҡ
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ͳһϮУǼ֮ȽϹ̶ɹһ򼸸ǿ쵼֮Թ䶯
ģʽĹҸкôͳȶλˣһˡŹҵ䣬Ϊһǿˣȱңȶ
ħγսȻǷǳдСʮ֧ڲʮ֧ΪȻǴ֣ڲìܲϡ
ΣħսһħͳεĹȣͿ̿زѹȣ׷췴
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ٻһǿߣ
Ȼ̫öԸ췢ʮѪʬټϹơ꣬սҲ㹻ˡ

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ħ̵ͨмܵסϹӣƲѷɫŮħͷ󿪴֮䣬ĲӬ㣬һȫɣͱ˵꣬˿̴˿Ҳȫ޻֮
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վ꼶ǿߣǹⲻ̰Ҳ˺ü˷ǳ𾪵ǣ찤ǿһȻûܵκơ
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ΪжԼִٳϵֻĿǰɵʵѣһ԰κԻʿУȴ˼Ӳסˣ
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ħ̶ĳɵٴγ֡
ζҪѶԷһ飬˳ֽĳ⽴˭֪ڻƷӽ˲䣬Է͵ͳһɫĶֻһ̶ХĹⵯ籩
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278 
·УĶֲἰħ־жԳѪһЩ˽⡣
ħ̿սѪһǷ֧ҲǷǳġȫʢгѪͽʮˣÿһλÿʮһλҲζʮλֶλϸһѪ
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ħڶഫУѪн֮һһǰĴУȴѾӵѹĹħսһʲôȻأ治֪ôġ
Ѫܶ渲ʱ񶼱
ʮλһλӳ
ʱȥܷʵʩǱƻýطԽŻɽʮλڳλҲ֪
Ϊڼ߷գʵԽ͡ԪԽ˯ԽߣѾڳ˯СѪȴѾѣǰܶ·ϡʵ˾ˣزôùɣ
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Ϲûħĳȣһ˫ȻǷǳ޳ģϻƽָѩ۶ϸȳƯϻԲͦΣҲһݻķ顣
СǳɫӵصıԵɫӵǲݲԭشĹһƬӵأȻûƽ̹·ˡ˵ֲ˵ǽҪӵĳɫȺúϢһδ·ߡ
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⣬ĹǿߣȮֲǿߣȻð̽ôȻǶԳܶйоų׼ġħ̵Ǹ˵ˡ
ǵʵûκƣżͻûһǰ׼çײĹȥǲ̫ǵġ
һ⡣΢΢һ뷨е񣬵Ϊʡȥ
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Ҫ˷ʱ䣬׼ɣҪһЩϣǸϽر޲ģٳˡ
ꡢϹε̾Ϣ˭óϴ


279 Ѫ
ҹʵıֵʱ֣׷״һջصһ͵«έһźҩģֳֻӲҩƵԴ
һѪӰҴҾС򣬷ǳǱŢĵ·Ͽ񱼣һ·֮£ȫ࣬һĲֿǰ
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ֿһϡͷ⣬ʮָɺ˫Ŀ͹Ѫ˿ֱһ˲˹ĹһѪУǿΣյϢ
Աһλ´󺺱󺺣ͷĿݣһͺ⻹վˣ׶ɷһħ
ˡ󺺼һ㶣Ϊʲôֻ㣿
ͨſڵϣλ·ϱɱˣ
üͷһ塣
˵ʲôΪôܱɱ˵Ƕɱˣôģ
ֹҹʱ򣬶ȥ׼ʱͻȻЩΪǳûа취ԸλɱˣƴһѪ
˵䡣
ȡһơ
⡭ǳѪĿһ˿̰Ͳ̣ѪǽܶƱҲûгѪѾһ飬Ѫʮа˾Żָˡ
͵֮ͽ׶ŭѣȴֱҽ̰࣡
仰˵˵Ҳˡ
˭֪ħ޵ķ
Ω֮ϣΨҶ𣬲޵ͬоǼҳ㷹ﻹЩ߰Լأ
Ǹݳª۾Ŀⶢ꣺ʲô֣
С棬ǡ
û˵ꡣ
һֻɰͰ͵ֱӹסӣӲӵץ־˲䣬ֳûһܿ
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ôΪҲɤɳӰʮɱˣȴܻӳҪôαװԵףҪôǹⱻߣΪħ˰ˣ˵㵽ôġ
Ѫһ㷭ӿʱпܱȼһ
ʵɲ⣬ֶμ̣֮£Ѱʿ˲ʧأ˵ȥȥһԻʿˡ
СǲҺˣħɶѵഫֻΪȴʥ֮գţ֪ʹ˵ڶɱСǽѣ˲ţСҲ޻˵
ңȷʵеӡ
꣬ʹǿѹ֮££ɫͫףȫûгַӦв˼֡
ȥ濴
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˰϶ѳֻҵһѱһֲᣬһռǡħ̵ĽͽѶһһ˹ȥǰѱѪ֮һѲɶõļƷѪǳӽ
ѰʿǲʹѪɷ֮صģΪ׷ˣǺħ̳Ѫһħ޵ķֲҲħ̵Ķ־ϸʿӽܴеĵá
Ѿأûзκ쳣
ջƣ㿴ȷʵʥ̽ͽֻܴ֮ѣҲмֱˡ
Ͻǫ˵СĽʥ湦ֻϧֻѧö²ƪϣСˣСʽʥ̣
ƶһ顣ûд꣬ŰһߣѪǰֻɭȻ𣺡Ȼˣɴһ˽ܶݼôǾԼѡɡ
˵
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Ǵһ͵Ŀ¶ɱһѪ԰㣬˲ᴩһ壬ֱӰŸĩʱ򣬴һѪˣݺնһͬ顣
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˻Ԫӿ۳һ޴ϣѪ˵ն֮ϣ˲Ͱϸķ顣
˱˺һɫǵͨ죬۵һѪ
ⲻǱ˵µѪĳطѪƳлԪÿһѪΪǳİôһѪͬʱô֮£ԲǿȻѴֱӸɳȥ
Ѫ֮
˿ʩչӡѪͣڰգһ˲γһѪɣ帲ŷı

ѪһĨ⣬Ķߣ󺺵ؿڴ̹ȥ
ȻسХħɷ֮𣬻Ƥڣľȫ󺺵һɲǱ
ɫ䣺춼ħ
ħܴսȴзǳǿĸã⸱öǲ¶ȴǱܣʱһͻܵӰ죬һͷǲʹá
󺺱ħʹʵһ͵Ѫ佣
һѰɫâԴݿ֮ƣȻͷնȥ
ȵȣѪҲҪˣ
󺺺ѹû˵һâһɨ˺飬һ⡣
Цڵǰɱǵû˵һ֮š
л佱󺺻Ũħһֲħ񣬵ͣ¶ϲ֮ɫת꣬ЦлΪѪΪҴһ컯İɣֺ㲻оʹġ
ⳡԵҪ˭֪ʱλ껺վϵı۱ŷǿս⣺ˡҲܹã
ã󺺿ĴЦ㻹ǹĹԼСɣ
국˵һӮң
΢΢һ㶣Ҳ¶һ˿ɫ
ǻΪȴǻأο󺺵춼ħܸߣսǳǿᣬǶͬħޣҲɵȡʤǺܲ򵥵ġ
ħ޺Ѱʿͬ
ħ༫˶ֲ̣ͨʿԣħսǿһضѾ˵ħޣȻսһĻħޣ
ҸıˡǰһҾҪúõĥһΪԼ޴ڡ
û˵ѱƽ٣һֻסɺɫбһγǿҵѪɷϢȻ˷
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ɺĵ⣬ͷնȥ
ϺȣԪӿͷųһԪ꣬Ԫͷų˲䣬ȻǿޱϢ齵ٰϺ
Ԫꣿ
һӽ񼶵Ԫ꣡
Ǵ󺺻ȫһ
ԪӵߣעǳţɺɨͬɵԽսǰ;˭û뵽۵ļһȻһԪӵߣֲܻӳ
Ѫɫȫʡ
ѪУһѪɫâ˲仮ա
ײ˲䣡
ž
Ķ
ֱӱϡ
ڵϣƺѰ㣬ȥһߴֱ׹أһԴֱӹֿſڣԲ˫Ŀг˲˼𺳡
Ԫ
ǿ
ýָ壬תһݣҡ
û˵ꡣ
ոװͦĿӥɱһǵرҶƭȥˣ浱ϹǷħ˶޷ֱ𣿣


280 ɫ
ɱ⣬˺ü
ңϧ¾޹ռѪǿָѾءһǱ꣬ûж죬ʵȴڶ֮ϣﵽѾ۷壬֮󣬿ɼһߣ
Ŀǰʵѷɫİ˺УҪ΢ǿһ֣ħ̹Ȼ£
ǳαװɣαװݾ⣬ȷʵﱻɵħ֮һ췭־ռϢ֮ıòΪԼħޣڤѪ
Ѫݳ߱ıڳΪղصսƷ
Ѫ˾Ѫ˱ЧѪеħһޣԼᴩҲթһթѡȻˣβƾͼƣʩֶΣԼأ
Ҳ˼
Ϊɱʥλαװħ̽ͽͿԻɱԽԽʢѪָһѽֻΪΣĹʥħֿЦİϷΪƭң
С˲ʥʽԱͳޣȻ޷ʩչѪһѧ꼱С򲻸
ô㣡
װһᣬҧ˵ֻҪʥԸȫСˣԸǩԼһ׷ң
Ǿˡ
ʵթһթ졣
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ҪǴӵһǿԪ꣬ߵʲôطȻܵӵĳţʲôݳ޵óն뼫ΣյľأȫûҪ
˭֪һթرջ
һɳռ޴ʥ̾Ҫܺúһ˽ϸλܹȫȫƿô˵һǳ顣
Ȼġƻգô͸ᣬǩԼɣ
ǣ
Ѳ־ָӡԼԼԳУڿʼѾε
Ľǳ⡣
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ˡõԼ̬֮Ȼº࣬ϾԷԼʲôɲŶԷأܶ濪ڼȥ𣬱ȻܵĴͣһûᣬϣΰա
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ƿҩȥһƿܵһƿΪ֮á˶ƿҩȥѪѾȶͱ׼Ҫָ
ƿ˳ֿ⣬ǹһ˿ŪЦϼһһΪѾԶ˰ɣȴ֪ʵһжƿأ
ƻʵʮּ򵥡
ȻʵˣǾ͸ɴ
Ȯָֺǿĸֺǿħ˸ǲǿǿˣܹˡ
һֻɰС׺ӽĵض˶ҳ컳³һŵҩ
ԼңЦ
Լܰү
컹ӨӨСūأֵõֳļһ
̵ǰ׼õĲϣ̿ʼ޲ȱʧľ񡭡¾ͳװȫˡ
ĵҩţ¶һ˿ŪЦȻⵤҩһԶõĻȻжֶǱںܳǳ߱ˣҩɽ⡣
ÿһʱͻľʹ
Բ̵ħϲֶ£ԼǲģԼֻܿǻҪһֲȴ˹Թİ취ҩõѡ
϶ȵһӡѵҩ͸С꣬⼸㣬Ҫˡ
С߸һŵҩʱһ̽ӣǶ׽Ŷҩһ߶Գ˸ûơ
ҪѼƻظһ𣿡
ߴߴ
ڻɱô޷һ·ǡȮ塢ͻɱСɶѵģ
СıûС
Ǳжӵһ
Ҫ˵ˣҲһܲ׽С٣԰齻Сȥ죬ǿȷһʧġ
ƿȽأʵαװӶָ࣬ǺܿģһϾͻԭˡ

˴ų뿪ΧųɫӵطȥɫӵһƬģǳӴأЩЩкüӵ
һôҲˡ
ɫһǳطڿ
صҪֲһֽĶ
ֶ㷺ֲڳɫУͨȡеʷܵĹУֻͷųһֶʡֶɢԱȻֽ⣬ö֮γ
ɫӵض綾ǡ
ǻʿһСʱͻжꡢŭֻþ󷢿»ϵʿʩĻҲΪɫԽԽŨ
ͨˣ
ӵرԵҿˡ
߽أӡУطӦһƬëءȻһȥʱȴ㵵ķ֣ɫӵвһ
ҵʺɫ
ǳɫǳĿȥʱһƬʺ캣ӵƺ̺ĳԻĳֹɻӿȻγɳ׳۾
ǰЩӵĶˮмǿĸʴԣʧȥֻ̼ͻᱻʴȫСĵ㣡
Ͻ˵ǣǣ
˿ݰСһԾżһЩƯ̤˲ʹüԶ
࣬࣡
ӵðݣ
綾¾һ絽Ҳת˲ͻᱻʴġ
ţʮֻ¶Σǻųī࣬״ȶƺҲ๹ɵġ
ӹ֣
ɫһֶ
ʳ綾ҼΣգ
ֹﱾʵǿֻҪⱻУʿɶԸ˵Ķǿˡ
žžžž
ʮѪнֶ֯顣
ûһۣͦ
ΪȻֳŲʮغϣûѡֱЩһԿһǳȷȷѡ
˱ǰ
ɫ˴Χ帲⣬һֺɫ«έҲܴЩ«έһҩģҲҪԴȻ«έоŶᡢ˵ƬΣķ
˭ֻ뵽
Ѫֵܶط
ĹУԽԽأɫڱҰҲѸӡ첻òʹ׼õĵҩֿԼٶȸ·һ죬ŵִɫӵصĸء


281 ɽۻ
ﵽ޵У汻帲ǹϵͿڲȴתڻ״̬ݽУǿ԰ֱק󣬽޵ԨлΪһ֡
ֵħ޺ԽԽŹ֣вҲԽԽǿߣСģҲΣա
ǰһֻӵعս
ʼıһξ룬Ա«έУ̽һĺԴųһצӱȻȻ£ʾѾźˡ
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תʣĥʲô
ˣǱе
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͵غռָķףһƬĽϣǰ֮ʱüëʱǡ
һ˶ޱȵɫֶ«έ
ʮ׳ɫģ沼ȻγɷģһĵĴ̣Ȼһһϵģûȫ͸
пڹ⻬ֹϺɫҺ壬ΧУ͵ĸʴͷųж塣
ȵ˵ֹֻһǷǳɱ˾Ƕ֣
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ȥѪ
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ǰ첻ɫ˵Ĺλֳ֡Ĺĸ⣬ȮֲԭǿߣһȾָѪص˲
ЩԲͬǿߣǹͬĿ궼ǳѪأԱȻħΪһСرǳѪΪͨ죬ǿɵĴڡ˵һӣϾ˯꣬ոʵǻڳѪԶ෽ͻϮ¡
ˣЦ˫ɱЩҲԸߣȥ
˵ǲȽˣ
Ѿݸɰ͵壬һǿӵ«έһźۼһ׷ȥ
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ڶԷûвСĸȥһ͵ϮܸɵһٵִѪȻҲͲڻˡ
һ˵һѪΪܷǳǿ˯ʱѣһʱڷǳѪôЩǰȡħ̱ˣ᲻ɵˣ
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˭ҲΪպһشѪ϶Ϊ׸Ŀ꣬ôֹƶԸʲô׶༪٣Ѫһͱ뷭ˡ
˺ԥԶԷչ׷
һ·ҵ׷ϼֺۼҲԽԽ࣬ΪСѾԷ·ϡ
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شһͷӴһͷֲħƬ͵̣еצӣ˶ֲֿͣһСɽӴ󣬴ɫߣǾ߱ǿɱԡ
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һͷǿ2صħޣʵӦòѷɫİ˺ֻڳɫҵϡеޣ
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ʼ޲ûӲƴҪΪ޵ʵǿޱȣվһͷ޴ħ޶ѣûʶ˵սԣϷ
һ˳ָһֳ붼ǻѾصΪǿ˫ָһľݳӵлѾ۷Ϊ
⣬ʵսʿһ
˵ݼѾ֮ˡ
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͵ץһԾɫâ«έԵʱƬ«έʱԶֽƬգۼʧҰһɻҶûʣ¡
˶ûأһɫӰ۶ͷųǿԪ꣬ɭľݳ綾ߵݰ̳Ĩ⼲ȻѤȴǳǿ
׿죬޷ԶǿԪȻͷųȻһѪɫߣӱ͵ͻϮҧס⡣˳ûһȥǻõһ̱õɳȥ
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Էģ첻΢΢һ㶡
߽ӽףȻëȷʵǳŨܣͻһԴȻȻһ㣬ֻĿڰ˼вһݡ
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Ȯֲԭ飬ҪȮ塢ΪλձߣԻϲṹɣڳǰλǿߣһĸ֡
һλֳ˫ǿ߾Ƿ֮
ĹǿûȮ࣬ǻѾ۷ǿߣʹȮֲԭ֮ϣҲǷǳĴڡ
ң壬ʿŵޣȮ÷ǳӲĿʣ˭
ԽȻͬ岻ǻͳһ壬һǳӴȺǴȺеһְˡĻǳìܳͻҲǶֶġ
̱ͣû嶮ñͨձ鲻ȥѧԣ岻ʵǿᣬȻܱȽԣ˵ȷʵһɫ顣
ûлش⣬ѪɫԪһӳգȻ仯һƬѪٲȻб¡
𣡡
Ȯǿŵ޴𾯸档
Ȯǿ̾ƬѪ׷кȻɫҪӿ
һ˽ұܿ
һ˾ûôõˣѪֱӽ棬ȮëһɫǿѪֱ塣
ȮǿߵʵǿȻ˵Ѫ壬ǲûܵشûԪֵסˡ
Ǿڴʱ
͵ط𹥻һɫâϡ
໡
Ȯǿ߷ʹĲҺ˲䱻˺ѳƬ¶һ˿Цû뵽ô͸ɵһ
ԱҲһܡ
ɣɣôܾ˻ܾˣ
ЩʵԽôԳԽˣ


282 ս
̲ߣʶȴǿҴߣ޸ɱۣ
Ϊʲôɱǵ⣬ȮǿдأǰǣűϷˣ㣬Ȼŭ鱩ޣԱΪһĿꡣ
ѪһżĹͻϮȮֵ˲䣬̼ҪȼȮֻѪҺȮǿʵǳߣӲȮطϻԪѪֿ֮⡣
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޺Ȼ͵Ϯʱûзʱһ˲ͽ˺ѷֽˡ
ŵȻŭ㣬ҪĲ֮һҲҪİ
ȻĪ
˴ðհջûõǰȻܵ˲صʧ
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˴±صǿ߲ÿɵһһвͼһ֡һҪܷ˳ѳҪıϡƾһСû취߸̸ָֺħսʱڵĻԻأ
࣡
ױŭŵͷȫͷǳ׳˶һͣӶ˺ѣһ߸¡ļ⣬ɳݶһ
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幦幦нϴ죬ŵ޵ļһ׼ȫԸ
ŵǻѾ۷ΪȮֲԭϵһ֣˴İ˺ֻҪǿһλĶڻ¡򲻿ܲμӵһʮþȵж
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ŵ޷ܵǣȮֲԭԴȫİ书սصһ֪ûаϼء
ΪǴﵽӽĳ̶ȣĳԭʵ죬ʱ޷ָˣĸôƾð
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ŵޱ֮˫͵һϣԪӿγһͼڰԪꡣԶԶؿԪʱ΢΢һ£ʹһʱҲ޷ֱ棬⵽һʲôԵԪ꣡
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սʿܲȮ嶥ǿŵʵȴ߱ӽص͵˵ŵЯ꼶ǿߡ
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ֻҪԴͷֻҪŵûкľԪһֱάȮΪԼսȫŵʶ֧ģ޷졣
Ȯǿ߹Ȼӡ
𣡡
ŵ޺һǿĺȥĲ㲻ֱһŵ޾˲ư嵽ǰѳӳ˲䣬ְıֳּ̿ͬʱĹȥ
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ѪɫԼٶȵֵסĹ˱ɳɫ˫ֱ֣Ѫ֮סŵ޵â
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Ѫ˫񲡶⣬ŵâȾɺɫ͵һ飬âѳƬѵĵ䷴ȥⲻŵ޵ĵи˵Ѫһв롣
ŵ޼æƣ߻賤УÿһصڽУȫһ鵯ˡ
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ȻĿǰûжʢʱʵǹ綼ڣԶԸͬѾ۷ǿߣǱȽƵġŵ޷ֶԸиѲһȮǿߣȻںȮһе㲻
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ΪʲôԷôǿˡ
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˰ְŵģ罫ڴˡε˵ҲðĵѹαأΪΣ
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֪һʱǲ߿ˣ鼱طԱ߳죺סǣȥ𣡡
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285 Ѫ
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ܶȻӼʮûһȭͷ״һشϡϱǰ㱻ɳȥ㹬Χǽײ룬¶浭ɫա

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Ϲưָ죬ЦߵԨǰԨ߳



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290 ӨӨ
С䱻ȫƻȻҲͰ첻ȥˣ֮߱˽׸棬Ǿһ˿֣ôһֵô󣿡
С㲻ܲʶģⶼΪͷô̬ȼǿӲ˵иӶ۸ǽͷϣܶԷ˭ҿ̲ˣӣҶմ󣡡
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Ը˷ǳ壬ȷʵҲֲ
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뿪ӨӨס̲סЦ
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ź첻װǫѷˣͦأ̧ͷĿֱҵ漣̻ϹֵǮˡҵڰϹңʮ漣̻ᵱһС᳤ֻ𣡡

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˽ʮٺ»Լȥ˼
͵˳
˵꣬˷ʱ䣬һ˦뿪ˡ


292 ͷ蹷
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ϼ弸壬һٺ»ԷǿȥϵˡԴ˽ȻǲģҲûл˵һѣͲ
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У䰲壬ʵǿģĳɾѶùֻʤ㣬ԸĳɾΪıʲô취
Ϲƿֻܻһץˡ


293 ӰӾ
˵һֻҵϻ
ôĳɾһĶߡ
ʱ߱ϻˣˣû̫
Ϲ֪Ϲ嵱̸ִܺжӯֱӸһӵлл㣬治Ϲ塭ֻǣҵǣǻǴ鷳˴ҡ
ʲô屡ţΪϴ󱣻£岻ݴǵģͷ漣̻ţģ
ź͵
øϽѯʳ췢顣
ʵĳһ飬޲Ŀ࣬ðγ׵ڳָűʹǣȻ߳ˣ
֣Щ˼⣺ǿƣûӣԸôɷŹ㡣
е֣Сôῴأ
΢΢ü˵
һû㹻ɳͷҡڶɵ䰲ѧӰԼҵáе㣬Ӧ÷ҾдʹγɾƵļֵ
ǰ㻹˵
ʲô˼
ϸͣҷǵֱͬʱݺݽѵˣĳɾǺҪʵģҪǾѣѧߺ䰲ƫƫ֧ҵģΪҵĳ֣γһƽ⣬Ҿ֧žƵһؼ֧㡣
һˣʱˡ
֮µλȨأӰ޴˴˶γĬ˴ûֱӵĳͻ⣬ѧߡϼȵȣȫзǷӰͬλȻ磬ȴȫԦˡ
γһìܵ㣬пܻγɶŵľƾ档ǻ䰵нϾ⣬غǣƣڿƴ֡
ԣˣʱȥҲȥ
䰲ѧߴһҪ죬ôͨСĳɾһҪѹ죬ҲͨС
ʵǿ
λȴǣһȫ
ʱìԽԵԽΪߵ˶ôôٵˣ
ԭˡ¶һ˿ɫҸкܶ಻㡣
ˣС˵ʲôƺȨѧҲգ
ô˵˵Ժõأ
Уֻˣ㷢׬׬ǮƾͿˣֲСʲôأ˵ͻȻתƻʣʱ̻ʲô֣˵
迪ʼ㱨ˡ
費ǳŶ
찲Ÿ費ɫˣǳһЩ
оѾˡ
ǱҲѾɡ
漣̻ѾһϵвƷѾ;⣬о˺ϢԪǹѾɹˣݱѾȿʼˡ
貹һ㣺ǴӰѾ죬ȶ¼ƶ̬ͼˡ
Ѿ֪ˡ
ǲٵطװϴӰ
ֵһǣҸӨӨʱ䣬ϸоͻȻһͼҵֶΡ
ǲֹһθϲ
Ŷʲô
ӨӨ˵ɡ
ӨӨֽأƺڼ¼ʲô֮¶һĲ΢Ц죬лҰɣ
л㣿
СϾҪˣ
ǳȣѵһ𣿱ˣ
˵ˣֱӸɡ
ӨӨ²˵Ҹ㷢һ¼ҵһֻӰʯûӰʯĻӰǴ浽Ӱģγһֶ̬档
ô
ѽǺܴ̻ѽӨӨƺǳ˷ܣ˵ڴ½ˣˣȴʮֿ飬ûʲôĿͨӰͻӰϣôܰһ£ıർݳʵʵڵӰӹ£ɱȸɰͰ͵ĹȤˡѾˣݵһ¾ɡѪ֮ս񣬴аħͷĴ澭
һˮ
ôӵģ
⾫ͳ죬ʵӰӸûʲôλ춼û뵽һ㣬Ǳøˡ
漣ͷһ
ûʲôȱĽһӡ
ӨӨһڴų죺ô
ܺãܺãӿתǸոǣҪӰʱֶ漣̻þ޴󡣡
ӨӨͷʲôҪ𣿡
һƷúҪͳɱҪǮңֻһҪҵҪ˧𣿡
ӨӨֱӶһۣӯ飬ͲòġҵţͶٶǮ˫౶׬
е㽫Žɡ
Ʒɱɲֽͣ׶ܱͲˣܹ׬
ӨӨѻӵݸ죺ŵҴϹľ徭Ϊµѹ´ټдã㿴ô
һȡðասĹ¡
ûСѾͷе츳
һ㽨˵Ҿټһ㰮Ԫػá
飿ôӣ
趨һŮŮǾӨӨݿ趨һҵĹħץˣҰȳµҸһ𡣡
ħĹϵˡ
Ӧûгġ
ӨӨһ죺治˿𣿡
ôôأôᶪˣһ˵㲻ϲͰŮǻɴСҲԡϹҲûⰡ
һ죬û˵
ϹƹһЦû
вУ̻ͷˣԱضׯϹҲôǿˡôôأӨӨЩ˼ͷֻΪһԼˡ
˶һЦ
Ѿͷ˼˭²
һ뵽һرĵӡ
Ϲ塢ϼ岻Ǻοүôǣ
ӨӨ˵Ϊù¸ȤҾҪǿ̻硭
һСʱ
ƻöˡ
ӨӨŴ²ȥˡ
ʵһӰƷĳɱͣΪУǵҪˣҪĺܶӰʯӰʯĹϡвϣ
ֿʯأĹÿĲǷǳޣԼ۸ȽϰⲿƷԺ󣬲ܻճɱ˵ܳʱܻճɱ
ǣҪ
漣̻ǵֽ𣬴ڽңֱͳڽͶʸӨӨſֽȥҪںǮ⣡
Ǯ԰гӰʯˡ
ӨӨ齨һٶ˵Ŷӣʼоƻ򷢶漣̨̻ͨý塢ʼ
ӰӾ纣ĵǡ
Ȼ󲨣Ƕ˵磬û˵Ӱ
軹ǮǼԺΪԺ޴ӰĻӨӨŶƷ֮ȫЩչʾ
һʱϢǡ
Ƿ׷׶Դ˲ŨȤ
µƽգϵ壬޲עʷϵһӰӾȡΪǲǰĵĻ⣬һʱ䡰ӰӾ硱ӱʣΪµʱˣ


294 
һ䶯ʹСүԣǴŴѧһˣְϹ˸ˣ
Ȼ󲨺󣬳첻ʲô¶ûУȻӣ漣̻᲻ûκǣھȻڲ߻ʲôӰԺĿ˵ֵ÷з
ˡ
С
ʹңʹӣûһӰ졣
쵹ûĴޣպݺһľӼıչ
ѪһԳԵ԰ټƵϵȵҩֱڶûȫôӴһѹڣʱ̫Ҳǻġ
⡣
ʱڵֲ̫ڣҩƹ̵УкԪأɲϣţרƼֻ⸱õĵҩк͡
ٿŵҩЭΪˡ
«ﴢǧ൤ҩһʱó˳꾳ż
С겻ƤװŲֹĵҩҪƭһЩдáϹʵڣкĳԱԻڵԴģ
⿴ʮֿţʵһ㶼
ħʮ󴫳֮һĳԴٵ
һպսһ֧ʢʱʽԱҲʮ򣬶ʮֶ߱Ĺ˴үʵԺɵ˵ѪڶʢʱڱĹǿö࣡
ôһԴǿ߶Ļǻ̸ʲô
ֻóǳͷۣС˻Ҫƭ̸ףһȴһһëΣ
˵˵ƭûãֻϢŵźܲԸóһС֡衱ˡ
ȻǻðɣģҿˣȻ˷ŴǸΪԳʵ̫ˣ
ﲻ˵˽вƲô
裿ͷǿ滹ôԴû³Բ̸㷭ĻҷҪƨɲɣ

ǰȻȹ¡
չأǱѰͻơ
Ϊٶȷǳԣ²ȴ˳ͻƣڴﵽؾ磡
ϹҲ˳ͻƵأ
衢ӨӨ΢㣬ҲѾǻ۷ĸˡ
óرǣѪʥʬһǧʮ˾ѪʬѪԽԽǿʵԶԶ죬ͻƵأԼﵽ۷ˮƽ
ζ漣̻ӵʮ˸ս׵꼶ڣ
첻̾ǿÿʬʱֻͶһѪϡͣͬʱʮ˾ʬЩѪʬ쵽ڣܹûõѪȡõЧ˾ϲ
ȻܴԭǵõѪʥ
ѪʥѪϵʬʬʱȡǿѪʥҲ޵ģ޾ΪʬṩѪһʬ֮ѪʥѪͺľˡ
ѪʥѪѣһЩ߼ħѪѪʥգܲѪ
ʱ£һ£ԲܼһʱѪʬڵʵѾ㹻漣̻ʹˡ
ôʮ˸ҳ϶ǿĻ۷ĹκһطγһСǿ
æŸʬ⡣
죬𣿡ʱӨӨͻ𼱻ǳϢǵƷѪ֮սѾã
ô
ˣ
Ϊһ£¾͸㶨ˡ
Ͷô󣬲Ϻܿˣ㹻Ĳ֧֣ǵȻͿˣڽڲӳأҪҪ
ϻȻҪȥ
ӰԺĿǷǳӵġ
οӨӨʮҹͶɹΪôһ£ӶһٶŶӣÿ춼ڹ˼;飬иѪ֧֧֣ܲ
ܲһ˽˾糡
漣̻ڲרõӰԺ
ռˣһ޴ޱȵķǰȻͨӣ漣̻ĴӰдӰĹܡ
漣̻ȼڲԱټķӳˣϹƼվϴôǶڵ֪֪
ǸǸһԿʼ𣿡
һƣԱһשͷľ顣øܶȲӰʯᾧɣܴӴĶ̬棬ԹһӰӾ磬ΪӰ
ʼɣ
漣̻ԱߵСʹӰǰ̰ѡӰȡܵԪ棬Ԫ˹ƣԵӰԪ˲䣬һڰյľ޴Ӱ˹â
ˣˣ
Ů˷ܵߴߴĽ
˿ص裬ϵԺ
ټӿʼֳ棬ȳֵһֻϬӥۣûô۲ӥۣĿ䣬ӳŽӴأ濪ʼѸԶ
һֻӥصĳ
һӥܲȴУ˸еǳ𺳣
ãǰ̣ͨȴֻҪȫͬţһ˿ʲô
ӥ£ӾʽһƬ׳ɽӣһűǰƻֺĹű棬͸һֲϵı׳Ƶʿ룬һɵʿͽ
һͳ԰׿ʼˡ
ǰһѪ̵аħšǲ̡ŰԵɱ飬ΪﵽħĿģΪݽ桭
ʱһ䡣
ħ޽Ѫأڲ̵ĲɼѪЩܺҵİ˲Ϊ֮ݡ
գѪֶУȫ¹ߣӶ֡⻭һƬսʣΧȷɱʿսɱսվҵľսѪȫһ֧аħ׵伣Ȼı˭֪ѪɽҪ֮ʣһ˷ıأΪѪ̵׼
̵ء
δʽʼѾˡ
ԳѪΪԭ͸ıɵġ
Ϊ¶ԣΪϷЧٸĶ
Ѫħ̵һ֧ڱһšݱһ˽ޣһӨӨݡŮһˣֻǵλ⵽ܶѡ
ѪħͷռһǧŮƷ
أѹץˡ
һһǰɫ̤Ͻȹ׾飬вʵʷ飬ԵݼѪУһϵӹľ飬̻֮ޱȡ
ֵһᡣ
ӨӨΡȮ嶼ൽ
ȻҪ󻯣ݺݵسһǱɵѰߣΪóѪأϧһдۣ棬ϧƽնϧȮǱΪ顣
½Ȼʮġ
ǴܸѪ͹Ҹˡ
վƣã̫ˣû뵽漣ӰԺһƷȻ˵ĳɫԶԶҵԤڰ
ǹάο
ⲿ֮սȷʵǳɫ
Ʒһٷӣðա顢̽ΡȵһϵԪأ黷νŷǳ񹦵ײó˺ţȻӨӨݶɡ
⣬ƷУ漣̻档
ƣԪ漣ͷȵȣһǿֶΰ
ӨӨһ˵ǵȻҲ˭Ļʦôҹͬμӱ繤͸أ
ѹˣ
ԲƷ޿޵ġ˵ʱͶŵӰԺǵĳˡ
ۿĶ۶ٺأ
ҿͶʮҰɣ
һ㶣ôˣƷͶʽڽأû̫⣬ҲΪ׬Ǯ
ȴ˵ģǲлݺݴ׬һ


295 
漣̻һĴӰԺÿԺƽʮ糡ÿ糡˵ӣȻҪ׼ٲˡ
Ʊ۵⡣
漣̻⣬᳤ܻҪӰԺɱȼ˹ݸܻӭֳǵҪŮͨԣҪÿһ˶ܿ
ˣÿһͨƱƱ۽ҪʮңϯԾķʽ׼һٽ
ǼֱͲţ
漣̻̫˼ˣ
ǾԺݸ磬΢һ㵵εģֹ۸񰡣
Ǯĸ·˵Ǯ
ؤ
ּ۸²ͨҲ𣬶ⲿʷϵһӰͶڽҾʴɵģôܹջسɱôĿǰһɵ
漣̻һϢʱǷ֪Լȵе̫ˡ
ӰԺӳʱЧԣ
漣̻ĿǰԼҵľƵǹ㳡֮ĹڣôӰ豸Ҳ˵Ժӳڽ漣̻ͻӰйӳײƶҲӰ飡
漣̻ᵽʲô
ѵǮˣ
ֳֺҲó˵ԡ
ǶԴȻ۷׷ף˵̻ûӰƬ׬Ǯÿ糡ǹӦʳƷģҼ۸϶߳棬˵ϰǮ׬ء
Ҳ˵漣̻ѹû׬Ǯƹ㴫ӰӶ漣̻ӰΪŮǶñΪԭΣһȻ룬漣̻Ҳͳˣ
˵硣еӰӾδʽ׬
һ췢ƱʱǳȻɽ˺Ļ𱬾λñһۿգƱ۸񷭳屶۵Ĺϯ߸ҡ
˼ĻÿһһٶңһҪܲ˳ų񲻾һǧʱ㹻Ļܹջسɱģʵϸܷ
ȣһˣһ¾ʮˣһʲôĸȥԺϰߵҲˣϾʱַʽܵһҲǺķչܵûа취ˡ
漣̻ᳬ֮£ܻһͺ˲ˣҪ¶ܣķˣӰԺзӳ޵ƣȫӪޡ
۴ʲôǶⶼһΰٷְٿ⣡
ѣǻǮ׬ͼ
Ǻ֮£עӰ籾
⵽Ǹʲô
ˣ²ˣӨӨ𼱻ܻܲոֳһƬɰκ죺һ糡Ѿˣ
һ㶣ô£
Ҹոյ顣ӨӨһʸ쿴ҪӰԺҪʮ۸ͰƱȥˣ
Ϲʮһ糡δҲ̫Ե˰ɣ
뼸ӡĳԱȫֳأҲкüٺأȫǹ
ʮ۸
⿴Ʋƴ֣ʵƨ
漣̻糡˰ٶλãͨλʮһʮ۸жǮ漣̻ỹȱǮɣ
ҲͷۣǺ¡費ΪΪѣǳϲ˵Щƴ֣϶ûûˡһˣôҲͶϾԺܣǺóûĸֹڷһǣ֧֣˵һ㣡
˵û
νЧӦˣǻ
ϲӰ磬ô漣̻ᣬ͸һξ޴
ͷǵƻˣʮ۸˼ҪֱٱЩ岻Ǯǻ
һЩСɧЩѾƱֱǿ˵ˣȻԹԵġ漣̲ǮҶԷǾûʲô˵ˡ
һӳҪʼ
漣̻ɳӿӰԺ
ʱһ׼ʱЩģͷĴǹײİڽɽ
ЩִԼŮӣܹҲİٺˣҲ糡С롣Ҽ飬ûҵˡ
˻
˿϶֪ӰƬûӳǣֳŹأֱȡ谡
Ϲ͵ˣϾ֮һҪúÿ쵽׸ʲôϷ
漣̻Ἰǰȥݼ
죬̬ƽȣ䲻ȣ˵漣ַ̻洦ϣѾʵ£ҪѴǶǲϣ𣿡
ġ
û
ˣһѵǣ
˵öԣ˵öԡֻܴһ
ڹϯ
䰲ĳɾҲ߹ȥ
ӳĲŲǳƵģ漣̻ܲĴӰ̤նƣԭһģźźͶ̬ӰźͶŵԺĸ糡Ըͬʱͬš
Ⱥүոûá
ǿжʮ׸ߣʮ׿ĳĻ̾âⲿӰƬʼʽĲţ˶ʱˣɱսǳʵֳԡ
ˡ
⵽ôģ
Ȼ˱棬ʵ
ͬĸܣָоʵ̫ˬˡ
ССԺһֺ볡棬۵ס㲻ܸܵ˼ð̣ȫܿ硣۹ǰǰ𶯣Ϊ̵˶ǡ
ַ̫ΰˣ
ʲô磬ֱСƣ˲䱻Űʣ㡣û˼ʱȥȽϣΪǽŴ̼Ĺھйڵע
ӨӨΪһٶŶӹͬƳɣÿһϸڶõĺϸġ̽աս顢̻ĺˣѱṴ̋޳̻ܿľ֡
Ů֪İ飬㽻ƺصʱ
ŮǱħͷץʱǶʱо౻һ
žžž
ֳһƬȻˤ
Ǹ޵ֱɱȥǳѪħͷж˿顣
һϵоѶǵðգԼԵ׹̣ǺݺݵһѺ
ա
Ѫǰ壬ǰŮǸԼȴ޵ˡ
ʱһЩԵŮ˿޵ϡﻩ
ҶΪʱƾһҵѳպ͹һӣƽҸ
ڳһϵĹ¡
ʱУǸ߳صģʱǷ׷վơе΢΢𶯣±̫ˣԺҪ𰡣
𿴳ڲ׬Ǯ
Ҫƹ㿪ÿжӰԺǻ˵ãǴ׬׬İ
Ŀ¡
뵽ӰԺӰʱһ⣬ͻȻһͷ


296 Բɹ
ӰԺƹһ쳣ǵ̫ʣֳǿҵӾЧǸɰͰ͵Ļܹġ
Ǵ顢Ǹй֮ϣÿһ˶·ܵǰδеϴ
һ֮ÿ˼ȸе쳣㣬·Ծⳡմ̼ðգָоδΪûг׹ء
ˣ
һûأ
ʿ͹һԺأ
Ӱ̫ˬˣ
̫ɶһҪ˶Ͻ
˵ûϹ
ޣ죬費Ҫˣ

Щƶ飿ƷԻü㣬һʳٽ䲻ˣ
ЩӰ˻һЩǱĬӰ죬ӰԳģ͵ģһǿǿ󡢳ĵսʿվǰǶ̲סӰǱȽϣԿʱ˳˺ܶࡣ
ͬĵΣһﾡݵĲշɣȴ˽ľʣŴҪǣ˶Դ˷ŭ㣬в˵ԲѷҲ֮
Ӱ磡
ǿʼ
һԺ󿴲Ӱô죿ϾһӰͶʺܴ󣬶ҿڸղʲô
΢Цߵ̨϶Դ˵λˣӳѾ֪Ҷɻ⣿
̫˧ˣһŮߺھҵż񣡡
һӸźӰ绹һѽϲӦ¹
ҪԸϷԸһ׺ͷվ˵һǧң
򣡡
Ҳ
ǵԶԶǳҪĽһȺĪ漣̻һε̻ᣬȻѡʼȻãҼȥԣλõģǻӰ磬Ĺ˵ľ֣
ã
СӹȻһú
ڹԳĻشǳ⣬Գ޲ڣ뿪ˡ
˼λô
漣̻ļǽһֲĿǰÿιӰշѶʮƺ࣬Ǻһ⣬漣̻Ұģѵֻƹ㣿ǸһԺôģ̾ͷ屶࣬οСĳɾ˵ֿһǰڵԪʳƷοԺѣ֮󣬿󡣡
䰲򵭵ֱۣ涯̬Ӱǰ֡
˵ûĳɾ˵ͨӰ¸ϴԣԼɹΰֽ˶ͷ޵ĨڣӰҺϹ䣬£
䰲üͷһ壺˵Ĳ
ȷʵֱ£ĳɾ˵ͻȻ˵ˣ˵أ
ĳɾ뷨
϶Ǳŭˡ
Ƣô𱬣ô鷢أ
˭֪һ£һŷӦֻ˵֣ããӰе˼Ϸ򶼿Щˡ
ĳɾһ۾ûڽϹ𣿡
λϹ塣ʱƺ÷ǳӰʵ֮ǾÿԺúƹƹ㡣
ߣĹȮֲѹȣ֣ܰĳɾеʮֲӰһĹ˱ȻԻ׷ǲȥ£ζԿȮ֣
ĳɾԲӡ䰲˵Ӱȷǵ֮磬ֲҹ½֮񡣡
Ǿͱˡͷ˵ô˵ȷʵȻ־дڵļֵǣܺ޵ߣҪʩһЩĨʵͼ塣
ĳɾ㲻ʲô
λǷǳôڳӰۼҪһ󣿾ȻԴ޶ԣⲻԸ񰡡
ݱǿپذɡֶ֮˵úȻң
˵ڱչأ
չأչأ֪ӶɵˣΪƨá䰲ΪȱߣλĻǱЩ
ǣ
΢΢ӣĿ¶֮ɫȻճϣȥ϶ɫơãó쳢ͷ֪ߵغ
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ֳƺĹǲģ˵һеĵλ˭û뵽ȻˣôΪأ


297 
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ΩȻûһľͷ̳ɵļˣûа
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Ը񣬶Ȼǳϲ
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Ϊÿ˶һҩҪǮԴҪǮ򹦷ҪǮһоͺ쾭һѵΪÿ˶һǻšţһﳤĻ䣬ȻҲֻڻƿʲôʸЦҰʯҰݣ
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Ȼǹһм˳ȥջһƬƣ˲䵲סЩɫС񡣽ʱ򣬴ǿгһˣ˫ָ߸޴л׷ڴͷ۳ɻ档
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ǣЩѸٵĺת
Ȼ׾⵽ʲôô
Ҵˣ

ϹüԪĴ룬ظսһƣֻе̫ˡ
ˣϹ°ɡ
ߵǰ档


298 ħ䣡
װ֮ǷǳرϡеһԪ꣬ûй̶̬ȴܻɸּз߱ȵȣҲζŶսʿܹӦκʽ֮µս
ǹȫܹʩչ˵Թ絥һĽޡôߣʤ䣬ǷǳѲġ
ȻϹƿһʱתΪ״̬ټһʮָĶܼڷγһַ㣬Ӷǿнȥ˶֡
־зЧķΪ߼
һսʿʱ򣬾ȫʱڵֵͬʱֽһֹȥȡ벻Ч
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ǹⲻ巴ޣŹֽ׶ζԣӨӨԪꡱЧԼװǿԶȲ϶ȻһС
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ַǿȳ˳ϣǷǳǳֲһֶַΡ
ȻԾƶԷƷ𷴻һشϹơȻҲܣϹ̫ͱѣȻһװԪûĶƣһйϣԶһ˺
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ҪҪϢһڴ򣿡
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ϽֹҪĶϹƣȻ˵Ը񾡹ЩᣬǴϻǱȽʵϵġֻƾϹƸոսֵ⼸УȻԶȻɲʲôӰ졣
ȻʵΪǻѾؾ簡ȫֵĻϹҲáҲգһжס¶ȻѹԼΪǵ̻ڵģӴޱȵԪԳ졢Ϲ޷ġ
С˾ӵһ棡˫ۣԺû˽֣˰£ùһˣ
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ȻûκεĳɣڸָսһγɱܣԪӿϸǶȻȫ˲γһ׼ޱȵļС

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ȻԪûɵϣȻһ޴ޱȵĽۣڻȼɫĻ棬Ԫ׷ǵûԶ޸ǻ淴Իٶɸ
װԪһص㣬ԪǿǺ㶨ģװôװôˣȻոջûԪʱǹⲻ塢ҪΪʤ֮ȻӴװ۳һѳʱôͱˡ
ͷ״̬ǿԻתģǶ֮ͬʱҲ֮
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Ԫص㣬ͲʲôܣȻκ˶˽ԼԪص㡣컹ʩչȸոһǿôֻҪץסᣬȻһٽ顣
б¾ʩչɣȻɴ״̬׼ʼʩԾƶҵ뿴ôҵķ

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ڤзһɹǺļХ漣̻ᣬÿһ˶еֻֻþ
һҪʩչڤСڤն
һгͷ˫شڤǿһˡ¶ԣȱһʹáնڳͷڤԵһе֮ڤͻУսͻӰ졣
ҪôãҪô;ɱ
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ڤ͵ظڳϣ˺϶Ϊһ֮󣬻һߴޱȵĶħаϢȻ漣̻ܲöȻˡ
ѾԶԶԻ꼶
ӣ˵öԣ컯ɸߴޱȵħ󣬾Ӹ¸ŶȻоͽսȷʵûа취Ҿˣ


299 
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ȻԸľګֱʮ;߱ѾΪĹһܽѵѵ죬õĽ
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Ȯֲںķǳ䰲Ȯ֣һȮֲԭٳЩһֺĹΣգǼ๥ǣĹǰ߾УҿսڸԶȥ̽̽ʵɣ䰲Զˡ
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鲻ܹɶԸɣȷʵҪҳֻãǾñ漣̻ľʲôͬ


300 
òϣѾԶԶ͹졣ΪĹãôȻΪ֮෴ԦסĻܾͻᷢչɶġ
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зԪһģһռУôĹȮָֽտɴҲ룬Ϊΰˡ
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һ⻰ȫһ
ǳĻǷܣֻȻ˵ˣ϶Դ췢ˡ
þƣþƣƷ۾ƣ޵ѧʿź磬û뵽ƱҲһӣһͺˡ
ٺһЦ˵׿γԣ
Ŷô¾Ʊ֣Ŀ⿴ų죺ԺȻ۵ģ
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Ѱζ˵˼ǣȻʺ䰲ڶʺϳΪ
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漣̻Ӱ󣬶ϤӰ䶯ӰԣʱŻᣬһҵƬù̼ԼԼĵλ
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ʲôõĵģ漣̻ģһĹУ漣̻˼С
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Գͷ˵ҺƳӰ磬漣̻ҡ
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ӨӨϹƵ
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ӨӨú֣ΪʲôȫһǸӿһľͷǵûдŰԵǳƽ׽ˡ
ϹҲᡣ
ҡҡͷĹС٣ҳΪй֮мӣûô򵥡
ɡ
δʱ
ÿӰԺΪǶۡˡ̼Ĺ¸ˣΪǰĻ⡣
漣̻Ӱ硶Ѫ֮սȶȳΪǳ죬Ƕʱһ׷Ƿ籩
ر죬˫֮һĶȻֵ÷зóٴߣǰ¼ڳˣе𺳺;̾
ɡ
ҫ۵ǡ
ѾѳΪżݡ
ӨӨڱΪֱǹഺ˵ķ׷
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֪
˽׸ϻӰƬأѾʼгﱸӰˣҪͣӰ磬ǲġ
ӰӰȷʵϣӰԺѾȫǣΪԭرգֻ»Թڡʱ򣬷ǵҲϴԩףֻ±Ҳ⵽
Դ˵Ӱ֣ܻ磬һ񳤾ó鹹£ȻԱսעӰôȮԿ
ĪĪƺ׼ͷȷʵ̫ʢҲǸôѹѹΡ
ԴϲӢ
߿࣬ȫС
ʵ뿪漣̻ᵱѾ뵽һԲߣȲڵ죬ܺݴܵǣơ
д飬Ŵӡóһȥɣ
ƳһݣʱоѪԣͨһܴл¡
²Ҫȥ죡

Ļϲ뿪
¶һЦݣ΢΢˼ӣ̴̻ӣؽĹĹսǿʢٿһʢףнԼ䶼Ҫμӣȥ졣
̴ûжʣȥ׼ˡ


301 
⼸ӰճӿֳӰԣ漣űֿȵ̻ᣬ漣̻᲻ҵȡͻƣڲչҲǷǳѸٵġ
ϲĪͻƣ
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ڰ칫ңů͸̨ھɫŮϡͷҲһ˿覴õӣŸ߹ʺʹţĿҲ޷Ůҳһ˿ȱ㡣
ֱŮ
̻ˣɲôڻܽڲ˵ͳݣһչսԺָʾ
֧ǮӰԺϵ죬иͶʣõڡ
أ漣̻Ȼǳɣ
ǷҩʳƷƷȫԼѸ漣̨ݻҲڱ
漣̻ҵ񣬳ӰԺʱԿ⣬ౣžʣÿһ¶ԶԶԤֵҲ漣̻ܹԭڡ
һǳܵŮˡ
Ȼ漣̻Ѿǳ㣬Ȼ״ڴļֽչĵҩνú׬ȡ棬ְڣҼֵķʽ
һôҪǲܷӦã᳤ܻİأ
һֱܸл졣
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ǽã˺úùַ죬ôأѲޣȥˣ
˼֮󣬴͵һֲݣдһݼƻ顣
һǮͶʵо漣̻ļ
ڶǮչӴӰͶ⣬ʿʼŵſ͡šΪ漣̻ᴢ˲š֡
ǮͶʵ迪ʼ漣̻ѼȫĵرԼϡر̺ǳ֮ĲϣΪ漣̻߲ṩ֧֡
ϸϸڣ̴ȥʼִС
ֿʼϣǸŷϸԼܵ漣̨뷭һӨӨʳƷҲջķᣬеȵǣϹܵݣһ˳Ծ顣
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Ȼؿǰոձˣǵû𣬷Ͷѧϰˡĺ棬ȻѾˡ
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Ȼλͣݣô漣һܺõĹ̻ᣬܹͨݣֱɵ̻
ܷסȻ
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֪ʶΪȻգֻҪȥһΣʳԻüһ䶼䲻겻ô
ȻԤȣֹӰ顣ʱȫǻ۷׷ף²漣̻Ĺϵ
漣̻ģ
˵Ӱ磬ӨӨѾȥﱸˣһϵӰĵĲɹ֧һ׬⡣
費ڴˡ
ڴʱһſڴõ̻ĺ᳤

ǹһ˿Ц⡣
õ̻һ̻ᣬҪӪҵǱΪŵװרŶƵģÿӪҵߴüʮڣһ۲۴̻ᡣ
ߵʹʱõ̻Ļ᳤
⾹һʮ긾ˣƤ𪣬̬飬ǡƶŮΪպˡ
Թ٣ʵϡ͹ѽԸ˵һľ̲衣
˴һۣ̾СиΪҲ̫ˡ
ﻰõʮʷ̻ᣬ漣̻᲻ǰƴ󣡡
϶಻˺֮㣡
費Ȧӣ׳ʣǫˣΪˡ
һӮļƻûȤ
˵޷
ȥۿӰ磬ӰֽκַʽȲϵģȻǡĹӰƷעȼȻ˸ߣβֿӯֵأһ뷨һӰУɫװûõĿʽҴ̻ı־
üƺЩΪѡ
ģǾԤκδսʿʿսʿҪװǣּس˵ֻҪֲ뺫ұװԸⲿƷǧѣ
ȻЦˣˣȻѣǧѣδҲ̫˰ɡ
ǧ򻹲
۾һɣڼбӼǺͼΣ˵ֻǾ֮͡
ˣȴܶԹ̻ƷЧ뵽⣬˳Ҳ뵽ýǧң㹻ľô
Ҫ٣
һڣ
˱һ
ǸʨӴ󿪿ڰ
ǧұΪˣ迪ھҪһڡһӰɱƾӼʶ̻һ룬Ҳ̫׬Ǯ˰ɣ
һڽ̫ˣһɫ˭֪ЧôһҪôߣһûдﵽԤЧǵѪ޹飬ǧ򣬲ٶˡ
費ŲæһЦ˵ʵô׼һ̻ᣬѰǺҵ顣漣̻ڲӰԺ裬Ƿǳǿģ벻˶Դ˸Ȥģ˸о۸ˣôȻ˳ۡ
᣺ǧѾǼˣ
һڣ˹˵ҿǰ͸¶һϢ漣̻Ὣһ˥˵Ĵ磬в桢Ļ档ңӰᱻղأΪĹһһڽҳ۹Ҳߺˣֻڵļ۸ӰԺԽԽ࣬ӰԽԽ㣬ǮҲı䡣
ηջǷһھһڣǱǵװֵչʾᣬһЩ򵥽ܺͿޡ
û⣡
Ů˴Э飬̾ǩԼ
¶΢Ц⡶ķ̡δʼյõ̻һڽҼ˷ѣܵԹѣƱ͸ѣǮ׬Ҳ̫ˣ
뿪á
˹½½š
ееɴϾֲ־ٵ棬ٵɫݣǹ¶ƣС
˵ǶԵģ漣̻ûбҪͨƱ׬̫Ǯ
ڱǱһӰδʽȾܵڽҵѣڸ˵ӰԺ׬Ǯܹ׬Ǯֱ׬Ǯޣ
ӰԺδ㽡
Ϊö೤ʱ䣬ĹҪУ붼ᱻӰԺǣǾ漣̻Դʱ軹һ뷨ӰһĻΧңӶ漣̻ӰǸԶĵط


302 
ӰԺѾ֮߰ãȶ˿û٣ԽԽȣΧеĹ塢ˡãĽרǧǣֻۿʵӰӾ磡
ӰԺûгֿλʱÿΪӰԺƱ벻ƣοӰԺӰѣڵƽȥһ·ӳڽ漣̻㲻ܻȫɱҲؾ󲿷Ͷˡ

ڽӰԺ
漣̻ᲿӰԺȡ˻Ի͵ĳɹͳɾͣǰʮʮһأ
˭˵ӰԺ׬Ǯ
ǰǳɹۺòã
⻹вأ
һϸ޳ӳǣһīɫס壬ñסףīɫͷ˳⻬ǳƯưþŮ˶̾硣
±ɭӰԺĿ¶һ˿ƺĸȤġ
˼ӣһһġ˲ӵһŮ˶ʵףֳּȫͬӹɡһֻ飡
ʱʱϣ鲻ÿƮݣҲ೤˱ң
Խϲÿһ鼸֪ʶԨѧߣǶŶյҡĹΧû֪ľĹ˵ȤĶѡ
ӰԺ
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ЩѬġݵ࣬Ҳһϸ˸еѽ
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ȻڵӰԺƱˣǰ±ɭа취ģӰԺйϯԾ۷ʽƱϯѾʮҵļ۸񣬱۽ֹʱΪӳǰСʱ
±ɭҵһֹֻʮˡ
ҪһӰϯ±ɭһڱ׼˵΢΢Ÿ߹ĸоưԪʯϣЩ𣿡
Ԫʯ
漣̻ṤԱһ
Ԫʯâ˸ǵȼߣ̺ǿӦƷԪʯһƷԪʯ൱һٿƷԪʯһƷԪʯ൱һҡ
仰˵
ֱӾǼң
ˣˣ漣̻᲻ҵΪԪʯƱʿο£Ժ򡣡
Ӱϯǲһ
ǵλúܺãҶ䣬ᱻ˴רŷԱԱź
±ɭ߽ӰԺ˼Ԫ⿵ĳˣƷԪʯǣЩСѡɼԱҸιȥˣСѹʮĹˣ
ȥɣҪˡ
ǣǣ
ҸķԱߡ
±ɭÿӼһƬŽĿʱһԵ÷ǳϲҲʳʹһЩʳҲ˿ѷɫˣ
Сһ˾ϲĵط
ʱĻâӰʽʼˣһӥͷ˷ﴫͬ֯糡ڣϻĻ棬һ侳𺳸У
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Ӱ¿ʼ֣һ۾ʵľᣬǻǴħаִ̣Ŵ򵥵İ飬һۣŮҸһ
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±ɭҲеǳܣôطǵһμȤĶǲһС
δ׼ɢʱ򣬱ѾϨľĻâһ崿ŮĻ룬΢ЦŴҡ

ⲻǹ𣿡
鹹ģ漣̻߹ӨӨС㣡
һĻҲеȣû뵽ֱּԶƵͨأ
ҺãӨӨӰԺƳѾȥһˣлҶ漣̻֧֡
ȫ
ôõĶ۱ˣ֧ܲô
漣̻̻ᰡ
ӨӨŶԴ˵Ϊл֧֣漣̻ƳƷŻ˵꣬ӨӨ࿪壬ñһֵ̨豸ڴǰ
̨豸Ļǳ޴󣬺Ȼһ׿һ׸ߵĴӰҰװż䳲ʽȺṹһɫӣǳĸ߶ϵΡ
漣̻ƳĲƷŻֻҪӵôһ̨Żܲ漣̻ӰĿǰޣÿʮֻ̨Ծ۷ʽۣδʵǽйۣӭ򣡡
ԭǹ氡
ⲥŻ˺Ķ
ֻʮ̨δ̫ˡ
Ǵȱͨ붼룬ֻܵԺ󹫿ˡ
ʱеǳĶǰص㣬ʮ̨ŻѾھУι򲥷Ż͡Ѫ֮սӰ˿κεطۿӰ磬вŻ֣δиƷҲڷӳղعۿ
Ƿ׷ӿ̾Ϳʼˡ
ʮ򣡡
һ򣡡

ҳ򣡡
ʱͻȻȺдһһڣ
ǲѪ
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治ǮǮ
ֵطһڽҲһСĿ
漣̻ԱҲɵˣôôˣ
±ɭЩĲ죬Ϊ˵νһڽңʵ㲻ʲôƸߵ̨ϣָϽָâһԪʯһͶѻһСɽ
ҿ𣿡
ɡԣ
漣̻ԱûһԪʯϹ۾ǾߵһŻǰһӣŻϵСսָС
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Ǵ˵еĴָ𣿡
ֵڽң
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޼֮οǷõĿռָ
صļһǵǮˣһдװ֣һ߼طģС˸еηˡ
ǾԲǵģĹôǿ壬һִǵ۹Ĵ㴵ٲ
±ɭϲעо
ʵϲŲȥأ
±ɭԼû뵽һе󣬷˾ϲջ񡣰±ɭûм뿪ֵгüʮӸгֻ̣ڽҳȥ
Ǯ˵ʲôأ
±ɭЩȥȻɵġ
λСǰһֱһȥԴ˰±ɭһֱǳͷۣСʲôûܲһͷȥɣ
ƫƫǲСܴһϲĶǺǰ±ɭġ
һˡ
ЩСһϲ
±ɭû뵽ѲŻС֮Ϊ鷳Ҳɭִ鷳


303 ƻ
㣡ӨӨϲƿţ޳ȥʮ̨Żˣÿһ̨ҵĸ߼ۣ֪۸һ̨˶𣿡
΢㶣Լ˼һӨӨҲǼˣǰһС֡ǧ;һӣǲ˱֡
ѵڣ
ۣҲ£Ĳ¶ˣӨӨС𺳺Ͳ˼飺Ҽֱ˻Ứһڽȥһ̨ŻⲥŻʽͶ֮ÿ̨ҲۼۼǧҶѣǮ
ɣڣȳһ֪²򵥣Էô
鲻ߣõԪʯףںѾ뿪ˡ
ü΢˼漣̻Ӱֽ׶ξѾʼ͸ˣҲ֪ǺûǻϣҪ鷳źá
漣̻ĹѾ
ȻǮ̻ᣬȻǹģ̻ᣬǱ̻ᣬڵƷչȥΪȫһָ̻տɴġ
ĹվһСҰ
漣̻һСôɳҲƿƣ˵ȷʵйչļƻԶƺΪʱ磬һЩȻﶢϣĹס漣̻ᣡ
ǲɱ⣬䵣δǰ沼Ҫӽˣرչϵ飬ֻдǿˣе½
ȥˣ
ˣﲻ˼ôشսǵһ뵽ľǸأѧ߸ո˵Ǳ˵״ȥһ¡
ӨӨ¶ʧ顣
Ц㼱ʲôٿȫǹ嶼ҪμӣǼҲѾǸԺú׼׼Ҫ漣̻ᶪŶ
Ҫμӣ
ӨӨȻҵã׼ȥ
Ǳ䰲ѡĵַǶʮ๫ɽ֮СΧֶɶĸһֻ񶼺ѷɽȥ
䰲Ҳ̫ˣһͨԪѣ˷µġ
ǧڳû
С˵ɣ֪֪Ĺζʲô
ĹȮֲѹƶ꣬ЩԪпܻΪΨһһṩ̵ĻᣡڻԳôͿһԭΪӵԪļ
֤ݣ߽Ӫִʯɽڲ׼ٸеѹʮԶάʱ˿ںתУÿһ湤Աȫͳһʽװؿڶжı־
ȻЩķҲǷǳܵģܿѪսǣżͷ˶ޱȵȮħѲߡ
Ѿֹģô
ĳԾûеǱʱҪһ£û뵽Ѿչ˵زѾˡ
Ѿȫ濪ʼһͨͽһܳ䣬Ƽٸʦӡġ
Ҳ漣̻һɷݡ
Խ漣̻Խռˣ
Ŵѧʿѧʿһʮ־Ķ߲㳤϶Ŀʮֵ𾴣лݹѾȺʱˣ
䰲ûдףֻһصһѳʱֻһֻ̾ɽӥ˸ûа취䰲Ĵڡ
䰲˵һ顣
ʱôһˡ
ԭԪͼֽ֮䰲̾֯ʼоţ䰲ʶѾˡ
ͼֽǲϻġ
Ψһһϻݡ
仰˵ǾԪǲ漣̻ṺϻôҲ齨ʽӡ֪ǳǿֶóѵϻҲóġ
䰲ֹˣΪ䰲֪жѲڳ챳ܶ࣬ܶ˵ġҪһǣ䰲Ѿ֪ϻԾΪԭʼϣĹĴݡ
漣̻ոսɵʱѾʼִعǱѾǳ걸ͿѾ漣̻ȫơ
ҪԼϻҪϻͼֽ֪ԪصͼֽҪ漣̻ƵͿû
˳
漣̻ƷȫԴΪԴ
οͬϻͬԿǰѳˣպпܻһɢĽ
ʵҾоҵһֲԪǹϻķ䰲һͼֽڳǰչһǳӵԪ󣺡ϻľʱǹԪǹУӶϻԪӵ
ǧ󾪣˽ƣ
Ƕ䣬̶ǿǧġ
漣̻ᣬŹǧôһƣҲǷǳ˲顣
ɾͲˣ췭ۣͶȴоͣͣæ
䰲΢еΡ
ϣԼյܹ漣̻걸һЩⲻ֪СƵĶַӾŪñǸã
ǧﶢͼֽۣͼӦǻѲѪģڿƣϷһʱҲҲĵط
ʵǳ򵥡ɨһۣ⼸ؼôԭ޷Уָᵼܲȶÿβʱ򶼵ǹըѡ˵ţ޸ĺüطӦþͿˣȥ԰ɡ
ô򵥣
оԱɴ۾
䰲Բһ޸ĹԪǹ˳طӵҲûһϳˡôһԪͱһƣûϻڣƾսʿԪҲӵ
Ȼˣ֮£ӵǹʵйϵˡ
䰲ǳƣĶǺպʦ
д۴ڹ˲ţɽо춼㲻׵⣬쿴һ۾ͽˣ˺֮Ĳôô
ԪҪչ뿪˳ɲУ
ԪǹѾٰѣٶһٰѡ䰲һ¹Ԫǹոտʼơ
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ƫƫҪݴ治֪ôġ
䰲Ŀ˵е׵ʧٺúÿǿǣֻ᲻ǾеġһΪһ죬ҲҪ㼸֣漣̻ܽǿ󣡡


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ЦƵʬû˼άȫƾٿءλþʬʬͬʱǰһһû˿죬羫ܵĻе㣬ֻǹ߶ѣ


310 Ѫʬ
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ЩʬʵԲһһ󷨷ǽȫͬǿҲǲ׵ģ


311 ݲ
ûԼδʮ˾Ѫʬ̫ǿȻȫ޷вʮ˸۷ѪʬϣôʵǣһѾ۷ǿߣ
ѲطѪ֮ʬʼǿ͡񱩹˺ʬ˵ͱʲôˣǵѪԶ޸ã˺ѳױɱ

ҡɢʮʬüĶһӡÿһʬ嶼ųɫâһʬһ˲γһ塣
ѪԼ
ǳоƬٸѪʣרſһӡط
ʮ˾ѪʬͨѪཨӷֵ˺仰˵㱻ȫһУôʮֻʬ˲תһñԸɵʬòپвԡ
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ϢǹһâʬȻȻһʬ߻˹ȥܿһֻֻʬһͷԽ棬ֻһƺһڵԼ״ǰ
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⵹һð취
ħ䣡
컯һ˶ħʵȻԽԻ꾳磬ֱӴﵽ꼶ˮƽһȼվ޽͵ȥݺݺϡ
飡
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ҳбƵ֮һǿֲѳĲǹⶼֹѡ

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Щ۵ϸС봩ϣ󲿷ֶиˣȴҲһֻ׷϶沿ȵȣ˲һ⬡

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312 
һǹеͨԪǹȻͬƵϻʵǹڿƷգȴʮСףÿСԼٶȷѪϸ룬ϸܹӻʿĻԪֱӴ͸˺
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ʵ㣬㣬ˣӨӨȥһӵЩǷöأϸĽ
ЩЩ˵ӨӨԱߣ˵ЩѾ𣿡
ʵͷʵЦŻش˵ʹ߱ϷߴݿÿһݿбźŸǣαϾΪĲݡҲϢ硣
ãã
Ҷúܾϲ
漣̻᲼ôʱ䣬ɳĽˡ
ݵ̨źѾܹ߸ƫϵݿ漣̻ͨѶҲܹɿͨ漣̻ᷢչʷϵһ̱Ǵ½չʷϵһ̱


314 ͨѶ
漣̻оԺ嶯Աֻö̶ʱǽĳƵ佨衣
죬졢᳤ܻϹơӨӨȸ߹ܣټӹǧյʮǸоԱȫۼһ䲢ʵ
ǧЩȲ֣ǿԿʼ𣿡
ڣÿһѧڵ鶼ǳ˭ܲμӵôһĲУԹҫȡʷġЩѧܲô᲻˶еģЩ۹ѧҲһ
쿴һʱ䣺ʱ࣬ʼ԰ɡ
ߵһ̨ոǰ
̨Ŀǰڹر״̬԰򿪺󣬴洫һǵ̨ݡ
ʼлƵʣ
ת⵽һǳϤƵϣ̶ִԼԼ˵ǻ̫ȻźŽղôáģط·š
ͻȻ
ʧ
һöŮ洫Һãӭţݵ̨СҪС
Уڵ̨ٽĶһֶûȥֻһѪֱţһ

ĳɹˣ
ܽźţܽݷ
һȺͷѪ㿺ܣӨӨϹҲ˵ıһţص裬˿̶¶ĵ΢Ц
̫ˡ
漣̻ὨˣȻ̱ʽķʷһȴڴʱ˿
־漣̻ɹ½һϢ磬ݳǺ༸ȴֱ̨ͨӽݷԽңԶռ䣬Ȼܹȶıգ
׿޵̨Ѿʵִ½ϢԭʼΣ
½ԭʼ϶ֱĽʽһ̽ᱻ׵Ĵƣ綼Ϊ漣̻ᣬӭһϢĸ
ʣҪҪ̹
ϻô飬ܲȥ𣿡һ˵죬ص̨һǰϢȥ
ã
漣̻Ѹ˿ѿͨ޵̨ÿ˶ݵȻܹǵ̨
ûصͷ
漣̻ṫ³ɹ֮󣬲Ƕˣ漣̻ʱһʱöϻˡ
̱
̨Թ̹ͳž޴塣
漣̻ᣬ׼漣̸̻кŪһٷ̨ո漣̻ᣬһ˵Ϣ
漣̻зһֿʵʵʱͨѶͨѶ
漣̻ܾǰоͨѶ漣̻ڲرУʲôܣȻ˵ȴǵһ˵
һ̣ʶ漣̻ıˣ
ͨѶǰӹһҪܹúգ漣̻˲ܳΪȫ½̻ᡣ
ѧʿѧʿ㻹һ漣ˡ
ʱ˿̿񣬼ֱڶһ˷⣬ܰѳǻۻȡٷ֮һ彫ǧ갡
ôһ˲ŽĹĹеǳܣеǳͷۡʱ˵Ϊܹλȫǿʵһһܹв壬ָô
ɱ
ڻʱ
ݣ
ֻµʱѾ޷ˡ
һֱԳĴɵҪԭ̫ɫˣ
λûʲôȤиڣκһϣԼһʱƷԽʹûͷȷߵˣĺû
ôҪ
뿴ڵĳɹ
漣̻ᣬֻΪ֤漣һ̡
漣̻ʵ鳡ѡܲС㳡ϣ漣̻ԱоԱԼĳɾȫֳۿ漣̻ôӰֱֳǸط
ʼɣ
ߵͨѶǰȶͨѶһţֻͨѶһʾֳÿһ˶ϰ¡
ɹ
ʵʱͨѶ
ľ밡
мǸãã޺ǧɽ룡
ûü룬ͨѶʾʧˡ
һ΢ͨȴһϵιţϷףǡ
ٺһЦϣþû˰
᳤ô㣬ôͨѶĻ𣿡
һģ̷ǳûκӣһĻһγ˴ҡ
Ƿ׷վơ
ֱվ󺰣ã̫ˣĹ̫ˣѧʿǹʿˣͳѧʿƽѧ߳ƺΪѧʿ
Сʸһλѧʿ
˭ںЩϸأֹ׺ͷҪ˵ѧʿǷΪʿʿΪ
ڿʼĹλѧˡ
һǰĹǧ
һǲʮĳ죡
Ϣʱ޲𺳾̾ûָΥأûйǧʱȻ漣̻ῪʼһУϡѧߡƺţ
ͷʱ
ĳЩȴݷעһС

ҹ
ۡһλķÿ͡
ԴĶϹشԺһֱû뿪ۡû֪ڸʲôȺ󰲸ΣȻûʲôãƺޡ
ԴҲûа취
ʱ˿ķָżյ谵̨һɫ޵һϣǰһ磬Ӱʣ˻ɤʱ򣬸һɭ
Ӣҹã֪к⣿
λÿ;
֪⻹ģһӢ֣۾˿ɫҫޱȵĳƺţȴΪϴˢĳ裡
ûз֪ҵ⣬ֺα֪أ
Ĭ뿪ڣΪ˴ѧ߳죿
˵ǣҲȫǡ
һЦӢαڣ
Һ첻Ϊǡ
߰ɡûȤϹ岻׼ٶ죬Υϵ
Ц˵ҲʵĶӰɣѾˣⱲӶ̳оλ֮Ƕϴˡھ򲻻ỹָɣ϶ͻ龳ңңڣʮʮϹƳɾͱȻ㣬δϹ˭˵һأ

һɱⱬ
ǻ谵͵ƶʱҡҷ
ø˻ƣñûоǰ˵һ飬߰ɣ
޾ɱһǧѷĻᣬúðջڵġ
ɱŨˣӢĪ˻Ҫһ̣
ãߣ뿪ǰ˵һȤţȮֲԭżȻģܶ˶Ȥ
˵ʲô
ɿ˵ʮǰһλȮֲԭĺүâޣս޲ʤ˾ηһ졣ȴ鱨ָص㣬ֱѪսһһҹȫûˡ
𶶶ԽԽķΧԽԽء
Ц˵Ǹṩ鱨߶ͬһˣλĺүܵܣֻ򼵶ʶԼĴ磬Ϲʧȥһļ̳ˡ
Ϊ˻ţ
Ȯ年أ
ȫƯ۳һС˲̴һȥվԭûжԪһڽСûˡ
ڰ
ڻʲôȻ䣬ɱôһð취ʵ಻ҽˣôǺúô
ڰĬ˺ܾá
ͳ𣺡˵ɣôԸ죿
ЦˣѾ˵ⲻΪԸ죬Ǻúİɡ
飡
ڰųǣÿһǶ׼̨ϣâط


315 սݱ
ߵȲĳǰ˫һ洫Ӱ㱨˵ݷһƵйоɹҪҪ
ôһڲ裺ֱӲһҿɣ
迪Ӱлص㣬ݳ鳡ֻѧ߰һͷ­ˮײһϣˮӡˮ⣬ΪˮװһַճҺ壬ȻǾԭ͡
װڳһʼơ
ѧ߼ˮԪˮâȶԭ;ҷͷųĹȣѸټˮ׳ȥ
䣡
ˮڰ⣬ȻͷſֲЩѧ߶ܵոˮĵݻˡ
ʵ¼Ϊֹ
ѲӰϣżûţԪؿָЧʵըõԪȥһǴпΪġ
첻мƲƲ죺ʲô޷һֳЧķӦ߻Եľ»ָԣþͲȶըЧ
ըȱݺԡ
ըըͷ򲻿ɿأˮ򱬿˲䣬ȶԭͳ罦״Ĵ䲢ұը޷γɹ̶ըըһܼʱ׳׳б䣬»Լɾ޴˺
˵дһݽ飬Ҵﵽȥ
漣̻ὨϢ֮Щͱ˳ˣоʵѧоɹٹӶԼ
úóд޸Ľ飬׼뿪ʱȴֺȻʲôˣƾ硶ķ̡ĵһѾɣ׼ӰԺӳӰԺӵңݳǱҲʼԤƱ漣̻ӰԺӵʮϡ
ǾֱӿʼͲŰɣѾȴʱˡ
ͷ׼ȥʱ
ӨӨ𼱻ܽ䣺֪ĺϢˣ
÷ӦеԾʲôϢ˳
ӨӨܽѳﱭһż˵ӲǱߴݱˣ
ͳ춼һʲô
䰲һܣ
ôнݱˣ
ȮӶǳʺģ
ӨӨ˵Ǵ洫ϢӦôˣ䰲Ҳ̫ˣȻյݾͺݺݽѵȮһΣ
бҪ˽㣬׼ѹǧҹʣǧĹʦϢ϶ͨ㡣˭֪ǧδһʹߡ
ʹΪ漣̻Ϣ
ǵӨӨĶ࣬ϸ̡
䰲۵糸ϵʱȮѾʼһ·ǳضʿʢֻŵУʱνʮΣ

䰲һ۶Ȯ
ȮɻɢÿһУɱӣԲ־жͺ󣬵ǹռУʵѾַɢβ೤
䰲ɼűΪɣһ·װԮӣ湥Ȯ϶ҧԷģһսƣװӡ
Ȯһôľ׷Ź֮£ʮͷӣ׷ʹʮϵȮӽһγǰ棬ʱ䰲ڶ·ʮָǰ··Ȯ屳󣬳Ȯǰʱ𱳺͵ϮһٽضȮ
һʮ򼲷ǣסʮȮطָʹȮǰ·ӡȫңϢң޷жĹɶˣҲ֪ôһ·ͻΧ
䰲ڲͬʱݵĲƺʮＱٸϵսΧȮǰţһս֮£ɱаɢһƬȻѾ޷γЧսˡ
䰲Ȼɳ޽
ս˲Ϣ䣬ܹȷսʵսòʹĹ䰲⣬Ҳڶˡ
ȮڲݴһţȻȮʮȻǰơʧݣѾȫĹռϷ硣ȻȮս⺷սվֻ̫һȺں֮ڰˡ
ʹһҪ
Ǿ漣̻ǫ̃Ϣȫ
ֽݱǺ£쵱ȻܾȫϢ
δʤսǰ϶ĹĹĴû׼ϢǹĹ˵ʿ
ʱ漣̻᲻ʧʱƳƵġķ̡
һӰ磬ȫƬѪסľ
ϣķ̡ź̾䶯Ӱ̱õ̻װкܶӶŶ׷׿ʼǶĹ˵İǣ궼ĥ׼ξΪĹȥ
һжҪĽ
Ĺ㣬ֻҪȵ䰲ĹͿԻӾϣ̤һü˵Զ֮·ˣ
ڡ
ݺϢֽˡ
䰲սʤܹоʮ򣬱һˡʼսĹȮ䰲սбطָѾ޷սˡ
մƼȥ;Ҫٳʲôôʮʱ䣬䰲ܽսԤܼԷķ֮Ĳӡ
ݱ֮£˵ĵȻ
ҹټ죬ѯʳ䰲ʤѶ׼֪Դкθ߼
ˡ
ֲоսҸʲô
΢΢˵С˲ñ˴αпΪԪѾǧѣ뼴װҾʿľսһΡ
һ֣˵ԪĹܣĿǰĳɾ֪֮٣ԹǱ飬мҪСıܡҪĹһչ¶
ף
һ£Ҫ漣̻æ
֪Ե޹ʼʺ£
ĹȻҪԶϢݺҪ䰲ʦع֮ǰǰҪͨѶĻ裬ԱǶԸҪϢǿľӵĻԺͻ˵漣̻һˣȻôȻ㣡
˼ˡ
漣̻ᵽǰҪͨѶļ豸һҪʱ鱨ǣҲʱսָʾԮ͸ı䴫ͳͨŷʽսЧʡ
սݼš
սУϢƣôսʤԵӰ졣
ҪܾܾĸȮһսϵˣսܣȮ־֮£ѣ첻ͬҲͬ⣡
ǳˣãҪѲӱ߷׳ľŵʿΪҪ׼ξԻȥ
Իͣ
һ
Ȼôӣûʲôͬˡ


316 ǰҪ
ֲ̫ӹǲҪԳʵȥУΪǵҪϡΪǰͨѶվܷϵսľƣԲܳء
֪Գ˵һ̻ǲǰҪλǳѵãҸһȥɡ
ЩȣСҲҪȥ
˵ǰҪǾ޴гرս֮ʳ衢ߵȵȣǳ޴漣̻ȥ׼漣̻һչҲܹսǰ׼Ϊս´ι̵ĻϾĹսҲкܴӰ죬ܷһԵ岻ݴǡ
ô˵Ҳе
ǾʹСһȥɡ
츺ලͨѶվС㸺𿼲ǰгʵҪפ̸һҲͻ
ɳһߣ漣̻Ͳˡ
Կǰʦǧͬǰ䰲ֳ⣬漣̻ǹԮ
Ϊ˻ᱳͱӣΪȫͲꡢʮʬǸݳУдѧһ·ͬټСαڣһЩͻҲǿӦԵģ
ĹǰߣܹҪÿһפرʵȫǿԱ֤ġ죬δһʱ»ᷢӺҪãܱȽڴ¶Գ֡
峿
ͷѾʵĻƽʨʨʿݣŵʾǰ·ǧһ˸ں棬ڻ򱱷ȥ
ݷǳˣ̿ԼΪ㣬ʵҲû˸д
ʱϸλˣʹȺǿģҲȥ䰲һ㣬ô鼶ǿߣǵܹ֮Կ
Ĺ˭ɱ
ߣ⵹еϣȻ첻ϲһǶ漣̻кôġ벻õ뿪ʱ漣̻ᱻˡ
ԭããǧû˼䣬ֻżվһ·ûκε谭յƽ߸ֳһɫ
ڵˣ
Ĺı߽磡
ԶԶǰҪһΪҪ׳ΪǡԼʮפĹֿȮֲԭ
Ĺ³ǣӵرĳôͻأһƽĲԭκһĹˣһμʱԻᱻΰ׳𺳡
ǲΪҰеһҪǰǽһ㼯ʱȻγһɣϰٹЩǽʮ׸ߣüʯڱһף¹âϣη
һɫ޴չ۰Ҫԭӵ뻳һɽӵܲ㵹
ĳǽ
ǽǧ๫ǰҪ
Ҫפһ֧ţšսžС
ǰҪͳǽǿķϵӶȮһһϴ֮°Ȼ
ΰıϣһ޽ýˣԼ޽ɣľ޴Ĺڳʱĳƶ״̬ӵ֤һǳЧķ̡
Щˣ̫׳ˣĹһֵ漣𣿡
Ĺıʫ˿У費ֹһ˵ΰ漣ĿҲǲĹˡ
ʨʿнҪ
ݵִΰҪǰʱһ׳𣺡ţ
ˡ
ʮ׳ĺһ޴ޱȵĽŻ£һֿķսϣһ˿Ϸ򿪣ٸȴÿһźɫףֳһ׶೤ǹٷֳΧסݡ
һ׺ӵĺڼϽ뽫ʿҪ߳ӭӣ䶫սݼ£
ڼϽ䣬¥ϵĹ֣ÿһ˿׶ж־ȻЩǶӵܱλϽܱĹҪһҪҲǶλߵˡ
ϽȴԳƣǫ̬˹Ŀ࿴
Ȼ𾴣λǶսԪ˧
û֣ܳ𣿡
˵ǰԪ˧սʮһͶǰߣ򡢽Ԫ˧ʩźսҲѾ۷ǿߣպսԶκһλү
Ϊʲôûз
Ԫ˧𾴵ĵطһ˵Ԫ˧Ϊˣĵһλȹޱȣαһأ罫óжɱнҵûзҲǰս
ʵˣ
սǰͳ˧ְ䰲λޱȣȴûһԹ󣬴ûܹ帣Ȣϥӣ뱲ӷ׸ģΪ߽ƾ֮ģ
䰲۶սҸ嵨ģһı޶ǣ˫ıԹˣ콵˹γȮַ
䰲Խۡ
սȷʵۣʵսֱ䰲ߣ䰲常
ǰ䰲ʮǰľʱ򶫷սѧϰսս䰲ʦֻʤѣǬΪ䰲еλһ³սսԴ˺Թԣ䰲ΨǴӣӶΪ䰲֡
Ͻ𣡡Է𶫷սһѲ˵ǰҪӹΰңӸλһԹ󣬱λһֱԽܵϽ񣿡
սһڣǽ񣿡
Ƣһ취ûУֻ׿ⲻ飬ת˵ս˧ѧ߹ǧϽѾϤˡ
ǧ΢΢֡
սǧҲһݣȴûʲôʾֵȻӲ衢۾еˣս͹ǧӦûģȫһ
ǰͳ˧սŵ˧սλ֮ܽǰͳ˧ľΪʲôսӶأ
ѵ߼ʲôìܣ
սĿڳһϣɫŨü̽λǺˣˡǰҪʲô˶ܽģ˵ȾܷУ
λϽʮֲ
ѲӲǰߣûʲô˵ġ
ÿ궼ҪǰѲһһǼලǰ߷һΪʿʾûǣӶǰ߽ʿսʿ
ѵ֪
Ҫصأ˵ȣһɲ׼ڣ
ǰҪʩáַ£ǹһܣۿڴһȺʶˣرΪ׵ˣ
ֱĲ񻰣öսˬǣȻһŮˡ
ƫƫһɫŮˣ
ǰҪĽʿʮ࣬кܶ궼ûлع磬һɫ˳ֵطɧң򽵵ʿҡⶼǶս̵ģ


317 ĵ
ϽˡЦһ£λֱǳ졢裬漣᳤̻ܻ洴ʼˡ˵漣̻ᣬϽİɣ
ս߰׺һ漣̻Ĵʼˣ
Ͻ̬Ϊʲôᷢһٰʮȴת䣿֣ѵ漣̻߾Եÿ𣿳춼֪ô
ս˺һȻһݡ
ܳĹһΪκȻд˴
ǵĽʿǰЯǵʮ鷳ҳʳøɰͰͿʹҲԲʿҪʱһսͻ½ս˵⣬һм˵ڽڹͷʿսգ漣̻Ĺͷǰ߻أӾսھĺ÷
ԭ˰
ѹ̬ȷô仯
ммˡ䲻ͨڡϽ̫죬˿˵Ȳ׼ڣˣ
ЦԽƺֱӺ尡ñôĵ𣿼ȻԶǧ˴ҪȻбĵôѧͰɡ
ս΢΢һ㶡
ѵԭ
սûмǧＸ棬Դѧ֮ʮĽ֪ѧҲǹ֮ΪĹĥס
ǧûа취˭һƢϽأֻӽ˵䰲Զ飬һŰɡ
Ȼţ䰲ñȮмܣʮգ䰲Ȼʦ
Ҳôģǧ˵˴Ȼһת䰲ʦ֮գǱǱ»ӾȮ֮ʱ
ʲôȮ֣ս͵עʮ֧ѪֲֺڵȻɽɫѵʱѾˣȮֲԭҲֹһ㹻ⲿѹǷŽڱǲ˵㣿
΢΢ףԵǰ˵ȮȷʵΪʱ磬Ĺгһ漣̻ᣡ
սĳ
Ҫʮ˵ԭսһֹΪԶԺԭ
ĹѾǿ䰲Ҳһֱı顣
һȮ֣ѾΪֻǾʱ䲻ʮҲǶʮ
λĹϵĽǱͷӵͷһ࣬ƽźǰҪȮֲԭʮ꣬ȴûʱѾˡ
սԸʾϣһĵϽ˵ûбսȮֲԭõĹˡ
һû֣սôܲϲ
ȻÿһѪҺſսźλϽվľɣ׷û䰲ǿҲû䰲ñ񣬵ǰȮֶʮĹκ˶˽Ƭزԭ
ȮֲԭʼһûʵĹȷʵǿˣȴȻֻСѡ
Ĺˡ
Ĺ÷׼
ǧҲһľͷӣսĬȻµĵìܣ΢΢һЦ˵й漣̻ᣬ漰̫࣬Щʱй¶ʱ֮Ȼ㡣Ҿͼ˵һ˵ǴеĿİɣ
ȻԪˡ
Ĺ翪սΪռƣڻ㹫¶ûҲ˵
ǧɤӽ漣̻ΪǰսһͼһܼʱͨѶϢļ
ǧꡣ
ս˶ˡ
ôļ
漣̻ʵֵĻͨѶΪǰսǵȽÿһսʧʣʹĽʿսҴ
սǳûʲôν˵ʱϢ²Է仯Ӷʹõһս
ܽսϢٽÿһվ㡢ζʱ鱨ǰҪǰҪܰ鱨˲Ϣݵǣôܽһ׳췴ӦϢ硣
ôһʧʻήͣ
ܵĽҲƿȫ֣
漣̻ΪǰսʿͷֱִͨѶ豸
֪˶ٽʿ԰ӵĶս˵ֱܹΰݣ
΢Ц˵ϽǿԽȥҪ֪һ룬豸ʱһ룡
սѶԳͶأˡð
ǹģ̫󣬽ṹǳգֻǰšҪսΪǽṹзγһͨЩͨͨҪȫսٻʱԿӲͬλȮ
Ҫ
ǧﳤǡ
ʮţγһս塣
Ĺúüʮʱ˺ô󹤳̣Ƕõʱľٹ֮ˡ쵽ûж࿴̰ŹǧＸ׼ʼӰס
ּƻרù㲥վʹȣؼʱͲҪ÷ԭʼֶΣսԴһ֧רŵͨѶֱͨ㲥Բͬ򲿶ʩŸϸֱӶⲿվѲ߶ʩӽҪһԽܻ﷢Ϣ
ս֪һϵú󣬲Ӷ춶õˡ
ظŵʱʲôɣһ߾ȫĸġ⣬սһƣκ飬û˸
ҹĻˡ
漣̻Ὺʼ
Եһtһ˫۾Զ
շǵ㣬ڰޱ޼ʵĺһХŰţ·ǧûͣϢŷһһ档
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ⲢΪһΰ
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ȻƽӹܣҲܱʷסģ
ԽԽеܣһְĹ±ɴĹǸǶôΰĹҵ껵Ĵʫ˴ڴ½䣬ܹΪһ棡
ʱһԴ˹
Ļ뱻ϣȻЩתԷʱֲʧЦ˵壬ôұ𣿡
սֲϵ建߹һҸ档
΢΢һ㶣ʲô飬ǵ˽˵
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ǳԾսպգ䰲мӣѾΪӢΪεòأ
ս̾һ䰲ս£䰲ָӣὫӴࡣͬȻۻʮദһ㹻ˡ
üһвŻĽ죬ԸȣΪǫѷӲѵΪһλ
ս˵̰ССҪôһЩȤҪôǲиҰĺͱΪߣһĲع֮˵ǰԪ˧ֻ¡
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ĵĵطĹܿǰԪ˧ڲһг漣̻ļ֧֣ǰͳ˧һҪ̫߲Ż
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ѵҸƽӹ֮ӹǾţϽϺͿ˰ɣ
սܸоǿǼͶ֮ĿãλҲδɣֻǴˡ
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˵ЩƣˣҲЪϢɣ汾ѲӸҪͽʿʿսڼԺ˵
˵꣬Թ뿪ˡ


318 ͻ
δʱ䡣
ʼѲӱ߷
ǰҪפĳǾţܹʮĹģʮ򣬷פǰҪľӣ޲Ĺľ񲿶ӡ
ѲӣʿҲǷǳӻǮ⣬͸ӵĽʿʿΪı׼
졢æŹ
дӰźŴһɣǲңԶһźž˲串ǡ
ҶæµСеǳģԾԼڸй䡣
ǳһtˣڸ߸ߵؼϣԼëƤһȣԶ
ط̫ûȤˣûкóԣûкģҲ֪ʲôʱȥҿﴢ㹻ʳ
СƤ³һҩƿƿʥɹ̫һǶ㣬ЩʥһööҧʣСС
һĻҪǱ쿴ǳɣֱǰܼң
Сһƿʥֻǿ˸뱥ȴûмԵĴ㣬ѾܾûиṩʳˣڴȻ࣬ҲʡŵԣԺӡ
С뵽ʲô³һԲĶצϸⶫէһżƷ֬򣬷ǳԲ⻬ɢСתʱһͫȻǰһ
˲ǿѹͨԾ
һ׼ȷ˵һŹ
СðűΣСȡɳϣˡ
ССѾС֮һСҲͱԴһѡ
ӾȻĵôǰСɳϣ;߱ɱʵˡ
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С߸һƺܵĳֹĿƣ˲伤䵽ʮɵĸ߿СС۾ʶ飬ֻɢ飬ͻȻһָɣͫ׾Ȼ»ָ۽
Сʶע飬ִͷųʱһ˲䱻Ŵ򱶣̼ҪСԺ
ӽǡ֮ӽǡ˵ǡάӾ˵ͨ׵ʶ۲ǶȣԲܹġҪӽṹȫСԺС
ÿһңÿһֿ⣬ÿһʿÿһ䡣
޾ϸĿŵֿѷŵĺóԵģÿһʿڱλãĳһ֯֩룬ȫСˡ
СЦ
۾ȻǳãҲԵġ
Сٲһ۵ľ룬˽׼һʶ緢Ȼľ룬˲ڴԭĳһصϡ
С귢һص㣬һ̽յƣҰܹͶ䵽ǧطҰ뾶ȴǱΧڡҲ˵ΧڣǰҰä
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СĿǰʶǿܰʶ㹻ǿȣʹ۲֮СҲܹһ
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СڿһԾŻ˲ƶ˲Ϣͳڳԣצקק·㵸ոտĻ档
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Сһƽʱôףؼʱǲƭ˵ġһأģ
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ʮŶȮּ˵Ѿһ֧ԸɵĴôַһ֧ӽأҪ֪ǿǲȮ־봩߷Ǻѵģ
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սȮ֮زиǿˣսȮʮ꣬սóͷԼ򵥼ɻɢȮϣַı֣ôܲľ


319 ϮȮ
Ȯֲԭ׷ʲô仯Ȯʮ˿ϣֻǻೣ껥սʿʮֲأ֯һ֧˹ģľأ
˵ȮȫԱҪĹͨȮսʿòϵģֻʮһѡ񣬱˵ܴճģʹóᵥֹģս
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ʶӦʲô̴غСĴ⣡
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촰ı飬һƬڼ˽ʮӰ䣬˼ڵĵط


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龳ǿСΪǿߣͨиܶвʨʿڲ߶ûйϵԱûһġ
ʮޱӰ类㣬ƿĴٶȷǳ죬ҶԪ껤壬ȻǻѸ֡
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321 Σܷ
龳ǿ߶˲䣬ǼԪҪ䶼˺ѡ
ķȾŻҺڻ浶еǹ˳һϣȻʱԪ仯ɷ״̬ǹŹֵĺڵȻֱյԪͷųҵɳȥ
̫Ȥˣķȼź׵ĳһƺͲ֮ɫαҪöأһãֻϧ粻ҵģⳡսȻȤ
Ȼܴ裬ֻѾ˵޼ƿʩǰ״̬֮²ܴùķ˵˲䣬Ȯǿߣ켸˷𹥻
캰꣡
С굱Ȼڸʲô
ľż߸ߵСŴһ
Ӵ˲ѷ̾ᣬһɫâɨЩѾ۷ǿߣ޵ͬСɣЩҲòرܡ
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ķɫȥֽܷʵɫâȻɫһûκεá
׽죡
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Բѣķ۾һ˿ŭ⣺ȻԸͶǾֱӶˣҾɱߵˣ㻹ܲһ̸Ц
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ķôһϣôᱬôһµͷųѹʱֹͣڿ״̬

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СǳŭߴߴмľżûջأΪʱ䣬Сϲľżˡ
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ȥ죬ʪȫѪûκˣѪȻǿѹ֮£СѪܲܶѵµġ
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ԥһ£ʮ⣬ܼʱⶾʹΪ֧ţҲǿ˶õġ
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칰֣ûü˵סֲһ䣺岻ɷɷλΪ
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Цɣ
ײһ龳˲ǿıըսʮңֹͣһϢ


322 ƽ
Ȯִɧңż͹Ҫ
ʮͷ޹ھ춯صĲгǰ棬ǧ֧ϣ޷κЧ˺ΨԻ꼶ϵ֣ɴ䣬ǿǡ
սվ̨ϣűսҵսϴӸܹγǽķ㱨սڸء
սѾСʱսɱѵȻ׶Ρ
һĴģսȮĽ쳣ͣĿǰΪֹûбһнƿطΧ֮ڡ
սΪһԱսϽսż侫ȷİѿȮĿǰĵңȮĿϮѾĹ˾ܲᣬĿǰսŽΪ֮һ滻֤ս
Ȯǽ
ĹǷ
ԾƶԻƼķʤؼ
սԼоΪսֻȴķԴĥȮ־ŵֻҪȮһֹûгɹȮͺѷڶֹˡΪȮѾûпвӣЩǾҲʧ൱սֻһٶ˥ߡ
ţҪ֪δѹȮֹǲӴΪңѾظȮȮִȻ׺ʵѾơ
ˡս˵ڶʮŹذۼһȮְֳˣ̴Ȯְܱгɱסֻɱһ֣Ҫ̰սʮŹذӦ
ȮǳģҪս󻯣һȮִʼسʮģӱȻңʱһֳ֮£ոʮͷȮһӭͷش
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һæܹԪ˧սҪƱȮֹ룬ҪפݽսѾȼȷ𣡡
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ѪӥӪ
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ѪӥӪǶļ岿ӣ䰲ֱӣҲһ֧ǳĿվӣ
ΪѪӥӪԣΪǰһ֧ĿٷӦӣȻһֱפҪУǲμսġֻͻΣֵʱԪ˧ѪӥӪŻս
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һֲսﴫֻѪӥ޾սʿ⧲˲ͱɵüʮ
־ŭѪӥӪôôˣ
ҪĲӣܹҲǧˣոսѾʧ٣ѪӥӪսֱɵһʵôܲŭ
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Ļûü˵ڣֻѪӥӪΪ׵һ׷ԲϽһѾ޽Ѫӥϣӭ
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սһǹͷ׺նˡ
սʮɳ޽նǿ߶ʵκһүߣֻѾΪֵܹġ
Ҽս֣οһĩûܵסǡԪ˧һҪסǰҪȮֲ죬ǴҲð
˵꣬ʬѪ
ҽڣڻƹˡ


323 ֮
ս˫ĿԲŭڣǾֱ˽佫սҪѾˣ
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뽫ģս糶ҵϣʮׯصĶһ񣺡䷢ģǰʿǰ߹
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һ˳ǹתȥ̽һֽ㣬ᴩؼ׶ʬ壬ĸǽϣѸ˺ѣѪʻŭš
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սڵϴ󽣣һԪУʱϢηİ׷Ͻʱ˿̾һͷ׼ŭʨŭΪģΪ壬ɱȮ֣һϢд棬սֹ
ɱȮ֣
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ʮǰʨʿѪӥӪٶǿߣսҪüбȫۼһλϽѪǰ߹
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ĹжսĹĸ
С㣬Ҳϰɡ
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֪ǳأҲǳ컹ܳŵڣͨιȥˡʹõǹȻǿǸҲǷǳ޴ģ˿ٲսˣֻºϰ
⻬УС㣬ô˵ͲˣҺôҲľˣȻǼһǿзģȻѾķҲһ˵ô
軹˵ʲôأ
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׷ڣײΣѾƵϣҲث֣սǧϰͷӶ󣬳ʲôں
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СͶˣɱʹ죡
սһնɱ󣬵ѸٳˣǵǸǰԪ˧ƴǴҪذȮսϵζʱ䲻ˡ
սŹͽģڲսҪѾѽǵΨһ·Ǻʶһ㣬׼ϧһдǿгء
Ҫǻᣡ
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սսḻȻոոϵһƬǽսҪȴڼʱڽõļ򾫱һɵ¥̷һƽѡ
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ЩձǻһΪСֶӳԻ꼶ĸ֣սѷɫѪӥӪҲĵǰʿţ
ЩѾʼһޱȵˣܹ»ģȻȲ֮Ϣͬ˲ڻǻʿҲһֵܵ
ռ䲻սһ˱Ȼʧء
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ͨԪǹҪǳߵ١ǳرư棬ÿһӵǿǵͨǹҪͨǹǿһ㣬ܺĶʿĻԪʹǻʿతǹҲǳŲסġ
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λ׷ϽֱӳУһʮɱһѾصĸȻ߰˴ĴۣȴԽսԽһͷƵҰޣǹɷЩܳܵġ
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Ȯ˱ʧܣæӴܣܳ¥ļ꣬ʮǱʿ㣬ֻųﻹγɷ⼸һߵɱһɵһȮսʿ֮һƬѪģʬ塣
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ǳӣϲѹǷŭҲǸжһϲӢۣĸӨӨ𣿲ôһ漣̻ҪӨӨҪҲҪ
ˣˣûħҧҲ챻ˡ˵һ䣬۾ʱֺȻ۾󡭡
ʲô㲻ɵ˰ɣֻ۾ֱĿԼɻ˳ųĿ⿴ȥȻĿһͣӱͨ졣
ԭʱ˿̵裬޳ȷֿһǳƣڳϣվ컹ǹ֣֮£Ķɣؿ׳ķԵΪ͹³쿴ȥʱǴʱһࡣ
һˮ޳ľ䣬ѩ۸ʵķͣ׹׵Ĺں㷢棬г̰׵ļ

辪Ҫվһʹǣ˿ڣµȥ
ʱоΰɽѹؿϣҪĻ궼ѹƬмŷĴ꣬ƫԼϡ
Сʱסֻ۾
ɴ۾һŵı顭ҵ٣
ᣬûС˼ŮˣΪԼһǺͻ׼Ҫ𣿴С˱֣Ҫǲһ㷴Ӧֱˡ
˳ƾͱסСݺݵĿһڣԶʱһƬհףȻʶûзĵ׷һݵ˷ܺڴ
С̫ˣȻʱǿֶζҵĳǣ
쾪ֵĿŴС㣬һɫħַ޹Ů
ŻعķӦʱûһȥ㡭
С㣬ǽòã춯ˣ㱧סңǿŶѵ벻λҧһ𣿡
ûУޣ⻰ףƽʱص˿ҲҪ˵
ֱ׳Ҳô࣬Ȼ˾ҪϣȻƢ˵˵㣬ǼȻˣҲֻϵùպŰ°ɣ
Ҳˣ
òһȳһվҪߣû߼һ㵹ȥ
Сȷʵ˲ᣬҲֹͣ٩ԱߵڤһһڽϣѾصУЩͺӥʵҲɵˡ
ѽؽʣȥסС㣺ҿ˿ڣ
Ҫ
ɲ㣡
첻ɷ˵ֱӰѷڵϣȻ飬岢ûʲôֿ콫˺¶һѩ״ȣмȴһɫ˿ڣѾԪסѪܣûɴѪ
ȻǶᰴСȲ˿ڣʴͷˣĹֶΣ֧Ⱦͱסˡ
ŵûһ
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ٺһЦҪģⶾĲͬնֻҪסؽһʴа취ƣº֢
˵䡣
ȡһƿƵ2͵ҩȵҩڼų˿ȥᰴĦΧҩҺ͸˿
оʹڽ٣ΪԼһ˿ʱɫһЩ
˿ڰãѯֱӰ豳Լϡ
Щţʲô
ʱ߲·ˡ챳ϷߣȮһ׷ٱһ׷׷ϣǿɾˣǱץʱ䵽ȫطȥ
豾е㿹ܡ
ûиĸôܹոշϾǽˣԥӣ첲ס쾱ɴ۾һﱳԼǰ
ôܴСģһǳ顣
״̬ʵǷǳģ޴ʹʵûȥ޸ˡ農ſڳϣʱ˶û˵ܹоѾԽԽٵĺ
һѾˣֻƾǿְ֧ˡ
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죬㡭ڳʣҸӨӨ˭ã
оС˵ʱϢڶģ˺ܣȴѳǺòᣬǰδеĿҲó﷢ʲôǽǲͬ͵ĺòãôȽϰ
Ҿͻһʽ˵ҺӨӨ֮䣬ѡһȢӣѡ˭
оСʳʱѸٵļӿ죡
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ѵĳְʾ
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Ȣ𣿰ӴҸʲô
ݺ˵ֻѡһ
СʵҲ̫˰ɡ
ӨӨϵõģС㶼ȲϡǣŴСѡӨӨ˴СģŮһֺܸӶ۶ôìܣ϶ϣѡģѡС㣬ǶԲӨӨСôãҲǻᷢģ˺Ѿ
費мЦѻشô˹Ȼǳ￴Ź
ԩһûأǿŹֶŻû¹ģ
㡭
ðɣðɣ֪СǳҪΪˡͷҪҸһ𰸵ĻǾѡСɣ
΢΢һ⣬ƺ⣬߳һ£һ˵ΪʲôӨӨô
ֵܶ๤ӨӨôɵôҴ̻أԴСʲˣӨӨֻ˵Ȣһӣû˵ѽѾͷҲ֣˵԰ɡ
ûĵģ㣡
ǺãǺãһѡӨӨˣҲŲҪһװͰ͵أӴôңҪˣۣ㻹ң㵽Ҫô
Լе㲻˼ˣе㷴Ӧ˹
˳Ĭһӡ
˵ҸӨӨ󶼱㣬᲻Ůˡ
ɶ˼ˡ޶
װͿϹʵǱ㣬ǶһŮˣظ֤ǣֻ˵ڣҶţ
̹˵һûʲô뷨ʼ磺ȻС㶼ôûģ˵ʲôҲţȻ˲ɴԼһ˺ˣδҲͦã
Ĵܲ㣡
ǼʶˣСƽʱô֪ǵˣҪϹƻй֮޲˹Ŀ࿴
һ·ƨɶ챻ˡ
ŴС֣о˺ܶ࣡


328 ķɱ
˳ߵƻ衣
ҹɫеĲԭΣķ˶Ϊȫһ԰ȫСϢ
̷ŵҩʼϢƣϣǳ⣬Ϊʹ˲پΪ͸֧״սѾ˵Ԫǳ콵ٵʱصһˣʮǶòˡ鷳ǲܼʱƵĻ»ºֲ֢ˡ
һֻȹĹͷ͵ǰ԰ɣ
2ħģʿ͸֧ʱֻҪһĹͷָܻ̾󲿷
趫Сأ
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Сеǳ棺ֻСһƺܲ򵥣ӵкǿǱʺҽ쿴ʱϢҸеǳϤԶʱһֺ޷ǳơ
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ʱ飬ѵСֻĴĺĺҲͿԽͣΪʲôСʹôϡŹֵˣ
ҡҡͷҲܿ϶С϶ô򵥵ġ
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СıǾβԪǾĿħʲôϵأֻɺ𣿾Ϊ𰡣
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ž֮ҹڰһ޼ʡ
ҹ޴ڵΣУһְֻ㣬ʱ޿ˡȵȮ׷±ԭԵħϮԳٳٶ˯ʱһֻ򣺡ģСڸ䣬жӲСľ䣬ͷϢɡ
ȷʵǳƣ῿ڳϣ۽ǳǳ˯ߡ
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쳬ܼȥȻ˵ɺܴ˺ȴҲ⼤ĲǱܣ˴Ҫܹ˳ΪӦûԽ꼶Ҳǲܵġ
շһ΢⣬ҲӵϢ״̬ιЯʥƣȻûа취ȫ޲ˣȴҲƴ󻺽⣬ʹ͸֧Ԫָһ֣Ӷ߱սõıԭħвˡ
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ʱ˿̿嶼ڳϣֻֽץųĸ첲ׯӾܱ⣬ȴȻ˿飬ӳˡ
Сǿʮǡ
辪ѹЩ̫˼ǳǳϢһֻǿڳϣǹϢоȻ֪г˯˹ȥ
⵽ôˣ
̲סһƤСһرˣ䱸Ǻصģ۶κ˶Ĵһ˿Ľ䱸ڼ˯Ҳ˯ô
ѵѾǰļһʮָоеִã֪ôˡ
ǸϽߡûС㸴ӵ仯ȴּڵϣһ˵СŸʲô߰
Աȶô·ֱ׳мֶĸоֲң
˯ʱԪѹĶɢˣסǱסˣҲѾ·ˣû˵ƨɣʡʡɣ
跢ִȹȻ°˿û׶Ĵ̹ǵʹˣʱ̣޲طȥͬʱҲѳݺһ飡
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һγľ֮󣬴СƺѾ飬˼Ĺϵ׽˲١ԽǾˣԽе㿴СˡƽʱׯϽܴϻ۵ŮˣʵŲΪ֪һ棬ʱʱʱԣŮ˰⡣
ʵ֤һҹȷģ˻ָǰٶҲˣСʱĸ·֮󣬾Ѿ·ѾΧ԰ȫЩͺӥ׷Ӧøϲ
ԶԶ⸽Ѳ߶飬ǵվֻҪҵˣǾŪһƥŪһ޳ôɶˡ
С̾һϣˣ
ֳ־øƶҪԪģǳʡʡһòˡ
׼һʱСȻߴߴ
մ죬ȻըǰһʲôûеգͻȻһֻɫľӥԼɶ೤ɶÿһƬë̳Χŵ绡Ȼһͷʵǳǿħޡ
Сģ
͵˵Աߵ衣
һ׵续أһ޴󽹺ںۼ
˸оͬʱȻһͷӥʵ൱Ѿ۷塣
С۾ͻȻɫСȻͣ˲һͷɶߵС̹֮ͫԽԽǿңǿеӥ޶ʱʹļӥͫҲһ㷺̹⣬ҹâѸռͫס
֨
ӥ޼һͻȻӽ״̬ƽ˼άȻѾСסˣӥ޵ʵ̫ǿˣСȻܿסȴѽһٿжӥ޺񱻶סһ
˼˼
ͷӥ൱ڻѾ۷Ϊܽ˼룬޲򵥰
ڲŷ֣ͷӥ޵ıվһ飬Ŀߴֳʵ޻ĺɫ·ڤǿ
ڤ׵ķ
Ȯеǿߣ
ĵһڤʹߣ˸е
ķûмŶ֣һϷĿ⿴żˣڲϢı²ñһҹ峿жй¶һ˿٣ʹҲǡ˷ôʱ䣬øøʲô𣿡


329 ޾
ȻûѶ
ۼҪǵĵ̣һǿ߻׷졢ζԿһǿأСҲǣӥ޹ϵʱ˿Ҳܰæˡ
ԷΪ߰ɡķżܵࡣ
쿼һǰƣҸ߿ԣ
ɣ輱æ˵죬ܸߣ
쵱ȻȮļһһֻǰǶ˵ʵڲֻ취Ӧȥ˵СסԺҰ취ˡ
սûʸ̸ģ
Ҫлгأ
룿̺ǹ𣿲ɷϣȷʵǿ󣬵ٴʹ𣿡ķ᣺ᵽѪҺɢϢٴʹãһ
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ķһιЦսȻɱвʤߣҸ㣬޹ؽҪˣֻҪܴʬȥôҲ㹻ˣϻ˵̫ˣɱŮˣ
ɫȼ棬һɿֲ磬ԭʱһ㲨ڷӿ
ģ
ƴˣ
ƯУͷųһǿĲķû뵽쾹ȻĸҷǾҿõʲôزڤף
ɫȼ棬ķԪںϺ󣬾ȻγһֻȼźɫĶһ켤ȥ
죡
辪ŵغһ䣬龳ǿ߷ԪһǿȵĹǻʿֵܵġ
˫һӡ˫Ȼ˫Ѿ߸ͫףһ޴ӳϣ˲仯һߴޱȵľĿħ
ȼźɫûü˲ͱѹ壬ɢ˰֮С
ˣ

ķ¶֮ɫôϣôܻӵôǿأܽӿǰĿռγһԷֱĿռ𵴡
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һֻȼյĺɫֱӱ𵴸ˡ
ķ¶Ȼ֮ɫ˵Ԫƺǳ࣬ҿԷǳɵлǰҪʱԵһ˲ոѾ۷ǿߵꡣ
⣬߱ռ˲ƶڵĿռ𵴣ⶼֱӴӿռԴϽв
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ķЦ˵Ѹ˥ߣ֣ˡٸһᣬͶңЧҴ֣Թ
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Ŀħϰֻֻһֻ۾ֻ۾Ӧģǳһֻɫͫףһε˲ԳΪı
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񹥻ӰΡ޼ѰǱ߱ǿʶֻ߾оԪ꼰κηֶζЧġ
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µľоԺԲƣķԪȻǾ͵ģȻ֪ʶﵽʲô磬Ҳǡۡĳ̶ȡΪƴķʶȴķ˷ʶҲԼ̣֮֮
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ķоһԼԺը죬Χʼ仯о磬ȫǱڵңһյûӺ˵и߸
һͷţͷħŻңֳһյ÷ķ
ˢ
ţͷħ˲䵯סķ壬ǸĻ棬ķ˲䰴оһԱʹ࣬·յĲ壬궼һĥˡ

ķѣ˲ķѣһɫţͷħҽһ˲仯汬ɢ
ֵСҲɱң
ķû䣬Һ𼸸ȻȫţͷĿֲħЩҺ滺һﶼȼŻ
ķһֻ㱸о
ֻ屻һΪռķǱ˴Իֵķ壬ȻǱͳһ־֧ġ
ţͷħȼ𹥻
ķڵ˲һţͷħ飬ķû뵽ǣһУǹܵʹ࣬˲Ϯ;
ô
ķڿռӵ壬嶼һийٹܣʶȴȻͳһ岻Σķʶ֧µֺֹϵҲ˵ķҪǱֶܵ˺ôķȻܵʹࡣ
ɶ񰡣
⵽ʲôа
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ͨ˵ʶֻܲһ塣
ڰһʶӣķƾͱ÷ǳٿؾָҪκһܵնĥͬʱܵôķʶͻܵĥ
飡
ţͷħܣ
Ĳţͷħˣʮֻķĸķ弸ʧȥٿֻĿţͷħ񹥻
岨߲ķԽԽ࣬ɥʧƿ
ž
ÿһ嶼һӡ
ķ̼оʮʹൽµĥͬʱӿķʹȥ⾫ռǲʵġ
ķ廹ڷѣռţͷħӡ
һٲ
һǧ
һ򲨣
ķ·ӵгǧ壬ÿһ嶼ţͷħڻϣÿһ嶼ʮưټƵţͷħ̵ĥ
Сĥ˷Ŵһ౶ҲԹɾ޴˺
οķǧǧ壬Ŀ̣һж㼯һʹĺҵĳžꡣ
ķľըˣ


330 һ
ַֹδŵġ
Ƶĸʹ࣬Ƶĥܵľ֮ٶԾ˲һ˰㣬Ĵڴˮϣûġ
ķһ־ǳǿսʿ
ֻǣĥԱκһսʿοǳ֮أǿ͵սʿܵ˿µĹ֮Ҳᾫ½ҴҲһӡ
޾
ǿޱȵʶ
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Ŀħʧˡ
ɫ԰׺£Ͳһ㣡
ķֱ׻صʵҽһصصڵϣγ鴤ܵشˣʱ޷ָʶ
ûгױ
ķΪȳǿΪΪϵƣԼ׵־óû취ֱѹʶڻֿܵһóĲ׹ûȫʩչǰǿж϶ˣû߽ܳķľ
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ܼľǣķһۣķ˵ףʧأҲѰֱͦͦĵڵϡ
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쵹ڵ϶ãֻҧ꣬ڣ
С˫ðɫâƴȫӥ޵˼룬ӥ๱ɫ۳һϸϸ׹⡣
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Сһӥ޻һСʶȫᴩӥ޵˼άӥڱС곹׿סˣҲŷһӢ
ɡɶ񣡡ķڲòˣҵ塭Ҫɱ㣡Ҫɱ㣡
ڳѾˡ
ķܵصľˣ˺޸ѣضȺ֢һӣķܵҵĹȻţȴΪǿʹѾûˡ
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ķŹ˫ƺ޷۽ʹ˦˦ԴͨĵͺһͷҰޣȥϵĳ
ڤף
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ķȻѾûа취оȷֻԻǿΪһδΧʽһ԰˶ɵ
ӥ޼£һ׹ķϣ˲ķ˳ȥصڵϣҲûסŲ嵽ʮ⡣
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ķĵĺվӥ޸צɨʱֱͽһ嶼ƽӥĴųߡ
ķȴűԪֱֲסӥ壬صڵϣͼӥ޻˺롣
С꼱
ӥҪǱɵˣǾû취ˡ
С걾û̫ǿֻٻƵֻħЧû취Ըķġ
ǧһʱ̣ϰγڤķȥķӥ޿ҵʱһķĺ󱳡

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Է̫ǿˣ
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С귢ֳߵһУȥϣһֻѪʵУСϸȫҧ̽ӣӻצӡ
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Сһ³ʮѪ룬ÿһĳ䣬Խӽٵĳٶķȥ
ķ־壬ֱֹܷԪûά֣붼ķʶ֧ƫֱӴ̽۾

ķ𣬺һצɨѲݵץۣ龳ǿߵĹмɣķ־״£ѾȷĴ衣
Ҳðգڤ˫ķֻһλᣬҪɹ
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񣬳Ѿ˻ȥˣɱǸܱס˵
ڤǵûп裬ͷǿһ
óȫԪ͵ǰһԾлһ׹켣ķľֱӰķͷ­ն
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λȮľ֣վȻСȫս츳Լû뵽Ȼлնɱһǿߡ
СһСǱסˡ
ķʬ£ҵһֻµСӣо̺ռӦһռƷҲǴˡȻռ׶ѣôһռƷ
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ô費̫ǲ̫ġ
ѳ챳ҧǷǰ챳컻죬һԩҡ
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ѧ߹ǧȳһǰ߿ݵϢˣǧصʱҲˣΪܶĿãϢסܶ˵Ŀֻš
ֻǶ̶һʱǰߺüǧ˱ӻ
Щ˴ϢǵĳĿģֹ֮Ϯǰߣ߶ѾǰѲӵҲѽɱˣ
جͬʱ٣
һ׼ûУ
䰲⣬սѳֽţ䰲õϢҲԮǾؾʮˣǧʨʿֻܵסֹľ
ʱָ䰲Ǭλ
Լû뵽Ĺʽ񻯵˵زȮһʱ͹Ʒߣڱֱָǣ֮ڱػһս
ȫԣǾ䣬ڶڿȱ״̬ȫһƬֻţʽԼΣˡ
ڴʱ
漣̻ųˣǵĴˣΪĵһŮ˴γ졢ǸһȥѲӷߣԵǰ߱Ȯ幥ʱλҲ׶༪١
û뵽ȻŻˡ
辡ܻŻһ㶼ɣѩ׵·ͱۺѪմͷҲҲ㲺·ʱһȳһգȻȲҲˡ
ƺ㣬Ѿʡ£ǳ΢
㣬죡
ӨӨϹƼǵһ죬֪˰ȫʱܳӭӡ
ǿˣӨӨֻﶼˮ裺ӨӨҪˣκһ˳£Ҷȥ
ӨӨͬһҲüΪҲˣƴҲܻ߻̫
ӨӨ񾭽һѪۣס죺ôˣôᱻˣô
Ҳ֪
첻Ǳ˵ģƶԼɵģ˵ʲôزҲ²׼սǷǳصġ
ǻʲôϹƸоѳӹϣӨӨȥоԺǰͷгǸ쿴


331 Σ
漣̻ܲ
ӨӨڳԲź۾Ϲһ߰οꡢʵˣʱ˿ͬһʹ
һȺΧԱ߽ͷӶ˽Ҳûǵʲôֻһüͷ壬ֻǲϵ̾
ﶼһֱ۷Χ
ǵû갡⿴쵽׿ûУϹԸ̲סˣＱＱͷ֪̾̾̾ƨʲô˵ϴ󵽵׾ȲȵĻʹòã
öһģҲҪ֪ģ
𼤶𼤶οԼˡֱԻ᳤ǳ㣬ȫٳ˥߼󣬸жദ֮ˣԪڵ˥ȻⶼҪԭ򣬻᳤湦ǹⲻ塷Ĺϵʷǳǿָܸͣߣ򻻳һ˴˿ˣĿǰֵĵطڻ᳤͸֧ķǳ
ӨӨʣʧʲô˼
ϵ˼ǻ᳤ǿʹĳָüĽֽȼΪʩչģص͸֧˵᳤ǰܻһ꣬ô㲻ûʮ꣬ڳ
ô
˶¶Ȼ֮ɫ⸱δֲ̫ˣ컹ôᣬ˵Ǵ
ף쾡ӵȴʩչҪԭһʹãǵע⣬ҶԼ˵ҲҪеܴķգ
ӨӨǸôѽ
˳ڽвȵĻϣģʱһʧȫ̻ôҪٲڵ졣
ϽʣҪʲôϾ˵۶Ǯûϵ
᳤ⲻǮ⣬ֻĹԴҲּҩ
ĹҲ
ͷ̾һ˵˵Ȳ֮ҩƷɰ
Ůʱɫ԰ס
ҩĹҩȥ
ĹһСȽƶ񤣬ʥҩ󲿷ʥҩǴڣżڳģôҵõҩֻܵ۹ȥˣҩεȰ󰡣漣̻ᴢʮڽĹֵܶ࣬طʲôأ
ҩмУʹ漣̻յ㹻ǮҲõ״ϣһϾ˺֢ˣʱõҩҲ
ӨӨЩ˵㣬ô죡
£ܸʲôۣһҪȻسģսȭͷʵû֪˿ھε˾˳кܴԭΪҲҪȻĹûҩǾȥңһҵģ
Щͷôʲôʱѹ
ɾͲ̫˵ˡոӣ᳤ܻƺҲ͸֧µó˯죬Ҳû᳤úϢһҲԶϢ𺦡
Ҳֻˡ
᳤᳤ʱһ漣̻ԱʧܽĳɾѧˣǵҪ᳤
ĳɾô
ӨӨչ˳죬ҳȥ
ż߳һسףĳɾ˿Ҳǽ˿׼żʮҪѧ߹ǧҲС
ĳɾھʣأ
ʲô˼ĳɾЩɵϹټ漣̻ϵɲôѺãѱַǳʱڣϹټʲôֵ飬ǰߵͻ¼ҲΪĪǻҪ
ˣˣĳɾųòãĳɾһۣ˵ڹѵͷĹԻٳǽѾ֪龭ȷʵѾǰ˭ҲֵܹϣοѾǰΪҶ֮ϣ
ǡ
᳤ĹѾͷˡǧʱҲվ˵ȥֻгֶҪݼȹ߰
ԭˡͷһĳɾҳ죬Ȼǰݣ˵϶Ѿǳ񻯣ڻУȮֵǿߴһ˻ԣʱѲ
ŭô
ǧҲɫһ䣺ֹѾпμǺð
󾪣ʲôôˣǰ֮ս쳣ңѵǶҪ𣿡
ĳɾ˵ֹı߷֮󣬱ǵûм٣⼸ʱִȮֲԭǹ֣ڱشǣǷǵס֧֮ľӵġ
Ǻð
ؿ򶼻ٻУֻǸפսȭͷû취ƴҲֻܸһ
սʤǳã
Ĺ۱ʮĳɾǿߣټӸظϹĿսбϵġײĹɣԲȳ죬ϣΪĹıһС
û뵽ôɡ
ʱڿѲ˭б¾Ĺأ
ݲ漣̻֮أʧȥ漣̻ᣬҵҩʲôȥأȮ屼Ϯת˲ⳡӲȥˣֻǸôȥӦأ
ǳ죬ô
뵽취ûʲôѵ
ǰҪ֮ԻŪôǱҲǳȫ֪顢ȱϢ鱨ĹϵԳǿĴֹҲ˴
оһûгһȽϳɫˣʲôµģ
ȵȣ
ˣ
ǲһȫûʤ㣡
䰲ܽڳı봢ԪЩԪҪóװʿôȻܴؾķ
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˶еǳȣǾȻôԪ˶֪ǲص̫ˣ
ǧҲ˵㹻Ԫⳡսδش򲻵ãֻԪʱж̣ഢһԪȻսзӺܴãҲ𵽻֮
ԪǲģǻҪ׼һ
ʲô
ǵȵȣ
صóһͨѶ̲ϵš
᳤𣿡ͨѶﴫ˵ˣǰҹʹҴ뿪ݣǱô
ʱȣ˵ʱ򣡡費ϸ;ǰЩоġԪըûгɹ
ɣﲻ᳤Ҫ׼
оһ˿⣺ôӰؼ͹пܻϵǵˣҪ죡
ãڵĴ̴
ȵȣҵĻû˵ꡣ
ʲôҪ
֪ͨϴôӱϲݶɿ׼ӦǷ԰ϳʹûӳǣԽӦ䰲Ϊıסһ֧
׷ǳ𾪣ѵ񻯵ֵز
Ըһ嶯κ¶Իǰź·زסˣô漣̻Ψһˮ·֮ϡ
Ȯ峤ڲԭҪԵΪܹ뵽ˮϣҪ׷ûôˡ
ˣһ顭赱ȻҪ飺㷢漣̻е̨ȫһɹϢ
Ҫʲô׶񣺡븱᳤
Ҫһ2ҩһָܹ2ҩ
ʲôҩֶĹôõʹ漣ָ̻ʲôȥأ
Ҳ֪ѣϵһϣҲҪԣ
ѵ᳤Щ˻˵ģȻ߾ȫ
漣̻֮ʣһоͰˣ
жͨѶ̾һҲֻôˣսôǾͲԴˡ


332 Χ
ݷԪըͼǧֳǿƻа취ֹӭͷػӶսϽƾ
Ϊ֮ƣֻˣ
Ԫǹе
Ԫը
Ԫһֱ߻ܣĳɾ˽٣Ȼ˵ĵλȫҲǲ̫ܵģ˵죬֪бֻǹԪȴǲ̫ˡ
䰲һʱزĹΣ֣һп֧Դʱáڹǧǿ֧֮£ƿǿпԪ
Ԫ棬ԼԪǹһǧԪǹǧǹϻԪǹϻһϻǴֱ˹ģظĿǰǺܶࡣ
Ѿˡ
ЩϻӦܹάһʱսˡ
Ԫǹɱѳʿ2ͽħޣǹٱȽ̾ҲȲϹ֮Զֻнսʹá
ĳɾ˵Ԫ࣬ȫװǲܵģֻʹˡ
ǰߴ鱨ֹƾһ֧ħжݡӦ죬Զʧ˵ǣԪʺнֱ֡˵ϹĹһؼײţʵŻҪǿԵֵħĳ棬䱸ԪǹôȻγ㹻ǿĵֿ֮
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һԪǹȫװͲţ⻹䱸ٰѳǹ֧űָӵģӵгǿĽսⲫӵȻܹʵ
ǧ˵ʣǧԪǹཨװʨʿšʨʿűĹǿ֣пѹƵƣгǿĳǹôȻܹΪȮֵجΣ
ʨʿŸպʣǧ
֧űͼǿ־гǿѹƣʵüΣͷӿѹƵо
ѹ׼񣺡Ĺд˵ıȷʵ̤ƽȮֲԭ
ϧˣ
ǧû㵽Ȯֻһ
һ׳־δı֣
ѵ⣿Ȯһ·һԪܾͻʽװУĹӵʮƵԪȮҪǰߣôװ
ûм衣
ȻֹֹۣӵսһԪĹսĳ̶ǱȽ޵ģֹܿʮ˾š
ƾԪԶԶ
ǴԪأȫͳͳóн죡
ǧټǧѧ߲μָԪرֱӸɼªԪըôҿʼԪըĳɾҲڽű׼ҩʸսеȵȡ
Ǽ˶Աˡ
֮ѣƽʱʲôìܼ壬ʱ˿̶ŽһĹУ
Ԫըûþͱˡ
ըǳȶʹùһҪǳСģпܻᵼˣΣսָѧ߿ʼըǵըǳޣԱȷսϵʣܳ䲻ĸӭͷػ
æŲʱһϢˣݲƺ֮⣬ߴĺүѾˣоͰ򡢽ķˣЩ÷ǳæֻӪܹǧˣǧսǷǳǿġ
֪֮̽ȥǡ
ķ֣Ÿգ漣̻ɵ裬ⱲӶȻûп죬ǼҲ޵
ľڲ⡣ǰΪʲôкܴԭѱ䣬սòȥƽңΪǰԪ˧뿪ָ̨ԶԺͻܼʹӦԲԣǰߵı
ķ򡣡Ҳͷķе¹ȥԵлǴеǰķͨϡ
Ϲô׷ĶȾ򣡡ĳɾһѵѵͷ˽˶ԹҳݣɲϹټ屳ҹ
Ҳ˵ѾΪ֮ףԵĲԩҲˣȮִеǰҵȱͨϣ
ǣķλϳ˵ﻹҷ̹˵Ϲѡǣ
Ҳͷˣͽ򣺡ô͸ˣ
ͷǰ飬ҪϷݿ׼ԼϱսƻǱʱǵ׼֪仯֮ܵһʱ
ϧˣ̾Ϣ˵ǵǸϹˣȴûܴ
û취˵ݿؾûϵүǶĹָ֣Ǿḻɳ󽫣Զһ
ЩЭⳡսʤ㽫٣
Щ˻ƣ˵Ԫ˧
صͷ
һʱ䣬λүʵ򡢽ķֻүֻҪڶսǰҪһԪ˧Ϊڶս¸ɹԶսΪ˻Ƿǳġ
֮Ȼβ˶̾Ϣ
ôľ˵Ǹս
ѾˣԪǹеԪըܴؾʤ㣬յĽΣǾͲƲ⣬ֻܹˡһˣսƷûо飬ֻ֪ȮӺǿǳǿ󣬾ôͿЩˡ
䰲ڣľеȼߣڿʼȫǽܣʳͳһ䣬аû²׼УӶȫսľǸϷƽǸס棬ķԶͽˣҺĳɾ𱱷濹У¡
ǽŲţֹҲڼ٣ڼӿоĽŲΪ֮ʱ޵ģ䰲ʮźͲƺĶʮһӲƽԭˣʮ򳬸߻Բһع򣬴ֹĲӾͻݽʧݵľء
ⳡսƴľٶȣ
֮䰲ǰȰǸһǣĹͳûл֮ˡ
ڣȮִǵı
ǺƺƵȮ־ӹģԶԶפ̲סһѿˮһĿģ߰ʮңȻ빥ǰʱûʲô
ˡ
һ֧ӲԽԽడ
Ȯֹǰ߾ܴʤҲʧʮңڳҰоΪʲôôࣿ
ĳɾڣΪȮִ쵱ϳ϶֣֮ǰ鱨ЩȮϲûвսġ
ȻȮûȫ鸽֮ЩȮϲϹûвս֮ǵĶԼֻҪĹǰߣЩϲ͹˳֮սˣЩϲ֮Ȼ֮ʣˡ
Щϲʶ֮ʵҲˡ
֮һ֧ǳĿվ
ӹģңȫһµͺӥޣȻһֻģӴͺӥʿţΪ˶Կפصʨʿš
̫ˡ
һ֧ͺӥվӣһ֧ħӣ֧ʿװȫͳһʽǿֳܹ졣
ȮֳпɣҲղôһµﰡȮװʮּªôܴľأ
֮ͷħǣǷ򵥶߹
½֮֮ϸоһѹΪ±Ҫ߳٣䰲ܱȲϣԭһ֮
֮һȺֹ٣аλ鼶ǿߣȫϲѽҲСս֮Ȼǳȫ׼һսǹݣ
˫ʵ˾޴Ĺƺǰʱ˿֮û˿ܣһ˵ķɱģ
ķ˭ĳɾһȻ
ɱģ
һöŮڳ¥
ûٴƽʱİۣǻһɫףȫװһӢˬĽ
ǧ󾪣λ᳤ȻɱǸˣ
ʣôѵǸͷܴô
Ȼˣǧŭ˵ķǵ֮ĸɱʿ
ʿ
˶һ
ôŮӣȻɱһȮֵʿ
Ϣ̫ˣƾһ׼սк֮ˡϾôĹûɱһȮֵǿߣȮֵǿ߼ʹ䣬Ҳڶ֮С
Ȯ־Ŷɧˡ
ķȻһŮ֮ɫ㣬˫۷·Ҫһ㣡


333 սʼ
ڤ׵ķ֮ĸȻһѾŮϣϢδ̫ˣȮָ嶼Դ۷׷ס
ʿ֮ŭƾôɱ
㲻᲻ʶɣ費ϻ֮ȡһóִӴһѺɫһסˡΪ˵ǼƷͨûа취õϿɣҲûа취ʹʹʶѵһ㲻İ
ڤ׵
ķ
Ȯֲԭ˽һı鶼Ź
ķûͬ飬˶¶֮ɫ
֮ŭɶķĵܵܣ֮θĲ£ķǿսʧΪʿĹޡķȻСŮⲻķ裬ǵ֮裡
Ͻ͵ؾ
ף
֮ͷųһ׹⣬ձƲĪ¥˹ȥôԶľ뻹ܷôǿĹ֮ȻʮֲֿĹʿǶǴ󾪡
ĳɾЦһʴﻬƾջһԲȦ׹˲䱻Уɫһã־ֱ˻ȥһ֮֮ýһȫ˽ȥ
֮ʣĳɾ
Ǳ
Ȯֶ궯ңȫ㰵нģĹܻ죬㵹ǹû
ϧĶȴûܱգˣȮֲԭһֹܷģĽҲĬĬ֮ǾӺζ
˵ϻʲôЩȮֵȻǾǼʶʸĹ
ĳɾҽǻͶɡ֮û˵߳ѵµǻΪĹԵĽǴֹ𣿴ˣشǸ֪ʲôһսǲӮ
ĹͿʼһ֮ˣΪ֮Ȯֲԭʮ˵壬ԸȮбʵôʱһ壬̫ܽ걸ľӡ
ʮħͺӥأֻһֿܣֻ֮һˣǴĳһŻƶ
֮ӥĹ壡غֹѾΪӥսķ֮һڴֶӥΧΪԼһս𣿣
ɫ䡣
ӥȻĺ޽ӴЩȴšҲһѾչսı׼Ҫ֪һΪսӵȶĴҪԶܱߵľֳƷԳս
սҲʵԶҪͨͨĴδδûǱΪһ۹
ħ̲͵һħսôħȫʢʱʵжǿҶʮ󴫳ÿһ֧ǿСĹһսȣûκʤġ
ֹѾΪս֮ȮֲԭģսַһλһڵĹ
ѹ֮ǿľӣ֧Ȯֲԭ棬ʮʱﶼȻǴֹսṩľӡΪˣܹ֮ݿңĹǰһҹ߽⣡
˰ɣǸûʤ㣡Ц˵˵ǽ첻ܻʤʹûбݻôüսͻıغãصʲôʱ򣡡
죡
ʶʱΪܣ֮ٲԭѾΪ֮˿ΪѾΪʵֻͶֲܱսĹȻĹ޷ǳΪֹĸΪӥͼһС飬ȻԹԼյǿսıֶΪأҪ̲Ͷ޳·
ĹΪūܣȮɹƳܣ
ѵĹͻ𣿡غǼ޹һ֮䣬ոҵֿȮ֮վ֮ʱҺúˣ
ؾЩҡˡ
սʵֲ̫СȮֶȮ־ͬҲһѣһܲȶĴܸһսᲢأȮֲԭӥսЭ֮£½ֹսѹƣȮԺ齫١
ֹΪӥսķַôĹʲôʸ͵ܾΪأ½ʷΪ֡
һǶָȨ⽻ȨռԴκʵҲҪ˰ɹĶҡ
ڶǷַַһҲǺָоλ屻ַ⵽ȥӶӵһԼϽأڵ֮ȻӥһߣԱΪֹĹȻڷкܸȨָֹȻǹÿ꿪Դ谴һ˰
Ǹǰ߶ͬսܣԸǿʵ⣬˳ͶһֹҡָûϣûκȨҪɹҪƳҲԼľӡ壬ʵŬһ㣬ΪֲʳԴֳħ޵ȵȣȫҪóϹ
ĹһΪֹԴͶԼˣ
ǷĹĹôֵܵһսأ
֮ʲôʸ
ҵ뿴ֹѹԵǰλܸ߰ãûҪǣȻ֮ŵΪµûдڵˣĿǰʵסһɱһҪɱ⣡
Щ˵ƢҲһȻײĲᣬƾǲȰģôʵ˵ɣ
֮Ҳ˷ʱ䡣
Ϊ䰲֮ʱѾˡ
ʱһƵľű죬ֹ׼ʼˣ
ȷһ֧˶ľɣԼȮ־񣬶ǽǽߣȮֵһӪˣ
Щɵľʮ׵ߣÿһżʵޱȵĺ񻤼ףĹĹӶɵвǳޣǿߵĹҲһش
ˣ
սԽԽҡ
֧ӳٶԽԽ죡
üЧ𣿡
ģսȭͷ͵ſɣ
и޹ͻȻһŲȵʲôӽŵ͵ͷųһӿǳʱͷŴȣǿ񱩵Х緢˲ͰѾ޹һֻȸըˣǾ޴ƷüٸȮʿвֱӱ׷ɳȥֹ沿ʹҡ
䣡
Ⱥü졣
мڵصԪը
Щ޹ûκ׵֮£ȻͻȻҵıը϶ըˣֱըǿÿһκͷųؾͳһڵ״ӣ
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䣡
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Ȯʿɱ˷Χڣͱˡ
ֹһûпʼܴ̾ش죬ͳʿȻָ˲١ԺôȴӮⳡս˵ϾĳɾҲɵӣ淢չ޷ֵزôȻӦĳٶġ
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ǽʿܵˣԪը˲䣬Ƭѿ̻ڲͬطÿһƬұըȻȮһ˺
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Ȯֹһ󲨼겻ϵؼ£ЩûüըԪըڼбֱˡ
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334 ǹս
սף춯أȮ־źѹѹͦȫҪʼĹ̷ֵΧ֮һ󲨿ֲХմƬƬưֶ˲ڱ⣬ʸ
˪棬ըЩ˺ˣ˲Ȯʧء
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ȮͼǽĹڳǽô壬ֻҪȮ崥壬̾ͻշ桢˪ǱըȮ־Ҫϳǽ̸ף
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֮Ӽҵսͺӥ
ʱ߸Ʋִڵ㣬ͺӥ޵ȮֿվֱӴ˷ߣϿա
ǱϾҪǰҪǽȫʽıݣǲܷյģԿоȫܹƿߣձֱ䵽е𹥻ڲǵķ
Ȯʿ½Ӱ㣬ӰȮֵͺӥʿȮ־ֱ䵽ڡ
򾫱ټͺӥʿڲ𹥻ôȻΪĹܴĸź鷳
סоĿս沿ӣϹҿؼױųΪڲһʵʨʿŸϣסվӣ
ǧֻ׳ʨʹʱյ֮ڿնϿʮͺӥ𹥻Ȼʨʿȫռǣȴһ㶼˿ѷɫʨձʵ׵2ħޣÿһǰʿĹǧһĶ⾫Ӣ¶ԷģʮҲһս
Ĺǿƾ𣿡ͺӥָӹһЦǿЦ޴֮
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ȻǾǿӥվͺӥָӹٴɱ
ʨʿָӹͺӥ̸߸ߵǹ׼ս
ֻоӼ˶ۼҪײʱ
ʨʿָӹٴ󺰣󣡡
ǧͷʨͬʱͷųһɫУʨ޸ʵͺӥǿܶ࣬һķйǳңֱӴͺӥϣͺӥ޿϶мܲס˲ԷһƬ
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ͺӥͲһˣͺӥƤҸٶȶܳɫֻǲ߱Զ̹ΪͺӥѡιУȱ׼Ǳ֣вǿ׳ͺӥֱ䱸һսһԶϵ޷졣
ʨʿոһͺӥʿչսڶŵͺӥʵͼһ󲨼ꡣǰսǣƾԶ̰Զս֮£ʨʨյķϵҲֵܵã̾벻زüͻΧûܳɹ
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ը죡
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۷ǱȲǰҪģΪǹģ̫˿̫࣬žоŴȮִͬʱ̿Ӵߴţ漣̻ԪըǳޣѾõòˣûа취ֹȮսʿǿйǡ
ĹΪʨʿţʱ˿Ҳͺӥʿѹƣûа취֧ԮأԽԽȮսʿңķŻϮѳԽԽҡ
һֻȮ־˳ϳǽ糱ˮ㲻ϵӿһǺηķսĹ֮´Ķࡣ
ദǽȮֲ֣֪ǿҪزסˣ̶ĳɾ˵ˣ
ͷ߸߾һ֧죬һĺŽǡ֮üѵĹʲôûó
ʱͺӥʿΧֵʨʿͻȻ俪ʼˣǧʨʿһǹ棬һֻ־ȻһԪǹ
ǡ
ʨʿʹõһⶫȻİڳֻһֱΪһر˭֪ʨʿһѡ
ǼʶģһѵĻǻ˵ã
ʨʿָӹٴɱǣ
ֹδüӦԪǹǹ³ҫ۵İɫ棬ǧԱȼʸöٶ̫죬Ҳ̫ͻȻˡ
ͺӥʿôľܷ˲ٸͺӥдӿ׹ȥͺӥʿİΧȦ̱һȱڡ
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춼Ĺⵯ
ǧԪǹͬʱЧԪӵʱ򲻽Сٶȱȼʸ죬ô븩ɨЩȮʿûʱܣ˲ͱɵһƬ󻺽ǽķѹ
Ϲһ˵ĿؼױҲֳǹֳִ󽣣ڳսȮսʿչսȻûκģȮսʿһսﵲס֧µľӣ
ϹĿؼսʿкǿսǹԶ䴩ʿĻԪսȮսʿǾжǻʿأ
⼸һߵʽ
ˣǽѹˣڵ˽ˣƺԽԽ˳ȥֹûǵġ
ȻЩֶΣ֮˫۷·𣬲ûܻ侲˵Ǳ׼ô
˵֮ģһ׼Щһⲻ˶ˡ
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335 ٴ
ЩͺӥʿսȮսʿϹĿнڽڰˡĹǿĲӣÿһޱȺʵףѳڶѴǷҿϹطߴ󣬼ûʹ۷ʵǸʵǳӽʿ
һʿž޴ԪǹȮսʿͻΧ޹ձرƵһ
ͬʱʨʿʱ֧Ԯǽ˲߽ؾѹı㹻ʱסţȻΪսǽһƬһʱ˿Ѿֵסˡ
ʨʿͺӥʿչ
ÿʨʿʣһϻͺӥʿԪǹٺͻǰûսͣʨʿżֳ֮£ͺӥʨʿı֮ϡ
һȭȮս壬ԡѪ췢裬۾Žڽڰ˵ĴֹʿЦֹˣҷģ޻أ
ĳɾҲնԷʮ߼ʱ˿̴ֹΣһƻѾסֹͺӥʿ˲أսľڿ׷ɱ֮£ʱ˿ҲѾ߰˰ˡ
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漣̻ԪǷҪã
ΪǿԪʨʿŴаѳÿսʤȮսҲΪԪ壬ֹҪǿ֮߰ڣǶѹ
ףĳɾʴһֹѳĿɨǳµĴֹʱͻȻһڲͬǵȥˣ
һҲˡ
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ע֮ȻǳԶ֮۾û̫ŭʹܣıƺڵȴʲô
ˡ
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ĳɾоʱȴһɱŭǷŭ
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ⲻܣ
ѾɲˣȺ뺷ײޱȵĺɫӰԴԴϵĳݵĶħֱݶ֮Ծɱ¾ؽ޹պʿ
ǧǧһ򡭡
ڳڵĿؼ׾̼ͱûˡ
ħģԽԽǾ޾ð
⵽ôһ°ŭһ䣬ȴֺȻ뵽ʲôѵǼܵ
ǶĹ彨ģڽǵĹУΪĳЩԭ򣬿϶нܵͨ⣬Ȿʲôֵ顣
ܵİȫǳߣⲿǲֻܹܿڲп
ϹûмȨȥرսʱ״̬£ôΪʲôܵᱻԵ޹ʵĿأ
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ģѵѵоŽģ
Ϲܵôһоȫ˳ˣϾİ˺֮ףΨһһȾշǳǿսʿ㹻Ȩ޿ʹڲԣƾҲǿд򿪡
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󷢺췢ڣŭһѪ³ϹᣬӣȻϷڲ壬Ȼݼڲ壡
ϼһϺͿˣϹ˵˿߰˰оҪЩ֮ôΪ˱հˡ֮ѾӦˣֻҪǣİղҴΪķ㣿ȥα翹
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Ϲ᲻ںô˵ϵĹǱסˣϹϹټ嶼ûбҪΪѳᣡ
һԵ龳ȮѾͷϻ̫ˣ
ħǽӿĹǶģڵ˴ڲɱܹס֮ڳȻҲܸобʣһЦϽۡ
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֮ûȥ׷Ҳмȥ׷Ϊǵֻ֣ǰλѡĳɾ˵ͬʱ֮͹
䣡
ǽը
龳ǿ߼ҽ棬ּսƻǷǳ˵ģǽֳ̮һƬǽ塣
ʱӰͬʱֱڷϣ˫Ǽغϣĳɾ˶ദ֮ȴûˣȻһģƾһ˫ʵ֮ҲͿɼһˡ
֮Цʵֻ˶ѣ
ʱ˷ѾֹĲӸΧˡ
ĳɾһۣ
ӶݣȮֲԭڿնҪ׷ȴ֮סˣ֮侲˵ʿΪǣǳǣϵҲҲ죬۶ԷˣʲôУʤǵģ
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Ǵɨפ߽ĵֿ֮Ŀɭ纮⼸ˣСʱҲ޷֡


336 ս
켸ʱһֱڻ״̬֮УԼƯһƬ޿ռĳЩɬµʱʱԶʱǿʱо֮Уһ޵Ԩ١
ʱ޾ڰȴֳһϵħħžֻ۾ÿһֻ۾Ųһɫÿɫؼһµÿһֻ۾·̺ش
ɫǿռ䣬ɫʱ䣬ɫɫɫ꣬ɫʶֻ۾ĳһַǳĳȻ
ĿħԪ֮⣬ǿһ
ԾĿħ̫ϤˣΪǳתĹϵˡóʮֲǣʱ˿̾ĿħȴеǳİΪھĿħֶһֻ۾ֻ۾ʼǱŵģȴ¶һɲ˼
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ȻϢü죬Ȼû̫תָܹ´·ˡ
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죬ӨӨһüڴ̾ϲعͷֵĺͺµ˵ĹľֱˣȮɱˣȫǾͶͶսսǶҳһƬˡ
ʲôִˣЩĹǸʲôԵģǰ͵Ϯ׼㻹˵ùȥôҲˣ
ӨӨ̾һҲ֪ҳȥϹ˵ѱˣѴֹľӴܵӦ֮²˳ǣ
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еͷۣǶݣĹ군ˣһĻ컨ʱ䣬ཨ漣̻ô죿
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췢ط漣̻ܲ
Ϊȫ²ǵоܲҲһѻյˣŴ漣̻˰ᵽĳɾȻʮֿľӣΪݵأ̫ˣҹǡ
زסˣҪ˼ƻǿҡû˵꣬űƿ輱Ҵ߽Ѿĳ죬¶һ˿ı飺죿ѵ̫ʱˣ
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ûʱôˣÿһӾͶһΣգϽӨӨ˵죬ȥ
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Ϥףĳɾǧ򡢽ķˣҶԡѪս˺۵ӡ
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˵ŵҲѾ˵ˣǳ䣬ֻʣʮʮӿֻµֵ˴ֹ೤ʱ䣬ʲô̫ˣøô𣿡
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ȥںӣĳɾʱ˿ҲһܣĹزסˣ򡢲ݡԼƿص¯ݱضĹϷ޾ݶƽʮפĳɽ롢޼ʵ޺ΪϣֵֹܹɣҪ飬ǾŬĹȡסϷݿ
ڵľĻ췦ˡ
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ǰ߱Ǳ٣дڵ𣿴ʱ˿̵羡תƵϷõֹ֡
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սԽԽˡ
˵ͨӶȻпȨޣҲ֪ܵķھѧߡŽһǧǰʿ徫񣬴ͨ뿪ǳϷݿУݵλѣԳΪĹµģΪĹ屣Ѫ
ȻҲһԡѪ߳
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Ϊѱ䣬ĻУԾΪȡʱ䣬⵱Ȼǿ˵ùȥģĳɾֺαأĹǿ߱Ͳడ
Ĺ鱨ϵͳϹټ帺Ȯֲԭƴ䣬־ͻϮ£ȴ޲ʹĹѣϹټ塣ĳɾһ˵Ϲټ弸ʮֻ꣬Ȩı֮ѵְǱ޵ܡϹټǣ񸲳֮Ϲټսһ̣
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Ϊķ֪ҲҪصһ̣
죡һͳķֳһ֧Ѫʿ̹˵ֱڶǣϧûᱨˡǸĵжǾͼ縺õΣھȪ֮»ҲŹģ
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Զ˹֣֮Ѳλ֮裬ҳ֮裬ҳ췢ģһ̤ƽȮֲԭ
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Σ֮ʷΪȻǶ輫ߺĹѵͷΣͷס㽫ĽɽĳɾߵǰϹټԹȫڱһʹƴϹټҺˣ
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ٲ߾ˣ
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˺ϵߣʨʿţҪѧߡţܹ֮࣬ȵһЩװߵĶˣڰ᲻ߵһѻˡڶȻ֮£ܵʼ롣
ˡ
Ż򿪡
ĳɾԻһƬǣԼȮ־ӣжһƬ͸п
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ˣǰԪ˧սˣĳɾ
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峿ʮ֣ս𽥽ƽϢ֮վĿĿɨǣӽ쿪ʼƬԼˡ
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ʱ˿̣ݶɿڣǰŵľﴬѾڵȴˣԼҪ˲ţĵǴһƬգǳĳأû뵽ջķʽ˳ǡ


337 ս
ݵգһ겻ڶӴ׷ѶȣĹеľˡͨ˳Ľ޺ִ޺Ժ󣬾ҲõĴֹ׷ˡ
ȿȡ
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κ˶˽Լˡ
Ϊɵ龳ǿķĴ̫ˣûйϵֻҪʱˣƾеֶκͰ취ȡ
ӨӨ߽ȹͷ˶ûкãҿϢɡ
˾򵹳үôףٺһЦǳӣ͸ڵĺ棬һƦʮӣӴûбƨܹξȻЩͼˣʲôƨ֮ưɣⳡζҪֻ
ӨӨʶĳ죡
ӨӨ⸱ӣչǧＸ˷ѣΪȬأһȻűѩܣûа취
ʡʡɣʡʡɣӨӨһͷݸûк˵ҿ㻹Ǻúˣ취סС漣̻ᣬٿǱѩ޵飡
漣̻ǷǳĵģֻκŻΰڣûгֳɳǰز۵ġ½ҶֶҪ沢ס
ҲΪˣҪ漣̻ᣡ
漣̻᲻ΪṩԴڳǿĹУʼոߵṩ漣̻ᷢչһֱ˳˳ˮΩչܵǰδеӭͷش졣
ֻ˵漣̻ỹǿ
찵ģˡ
ĹһۣѾ룬ˮķ֮һʮءϷݿؾҲԶԶȲһģԴֹƽһԣΣûнʽȻǳϾ
ӨӨԳ컹ĵġ
ʵϣӨӨ˵УäĿųˡ
ǰϮ̫ͻȻûüӦǱʱ򣬳ֻ˯ѣ·³Ҳûа취ģһ漣̻ᷢԴأ㹻ʱ׼һδֹԵĲĹǳ֮µ漣̻ᡣ
ﴬӵִݸۡ
Ƿ׷׵ǰµʱַ츲ر仯ǽγҵ԰ۿͬʱͣһǧҴʹֻͿͧշȥⷱǶй֮޲
žƺûȫӵݳȻǸæµӡ
áϹơ궼겻ѣû뵽ôͻˡûʱ䴥ˣֹҪıȻݣһҲݣǵĹûϣˣ漣̻Ҳͱˡ
Ų鷢ţֱӰѴҾۼûв´ʮգ£ֹȻͨˮ·͹ݣ
ǡݵĸ߲㣬ʱ˿̶һų콲
ݱ༸ǧĳɽ룬ֹҪԽҲ׵£ð취ӶĹսˮ·ֱӵִݳǷ
ֹսʿȮֲԭˮսǵس㹻ƣôǲģΪֹܻӥĿվ֧ԮÿвڻˮϲӣվزҲʹȫˡڿʼȫʵʩܣһԴΪս񣬽ⳡսǲҪʤҪһƯʤ
ʮǣĻʤ
פһٰۼĹһı𣬴ս˵Ĺ˳ҵʵĹ˼ǰߣʹǿķҲһ֮ݣ
ֹĹʵ̫ˣϷݿƾɽ֮أھǿǰ𵽶أ
İɣȮֹһݣҾͻȥ޻أаµʱ׼Ȼǳִ٣ʵȫ㹻ˣҪʵȫ漣̻ʱݴµĹҵΪݴȫµ
ѧ˽¶Ȥı顣
׺ʣ᳤Ҫʲô
չʾһͼѧ߼ͼʱȫеǳ죬Ϊͼ֮ǰԪըǳƣֻд޸ģЩԪըǳˡ
ûⶫԪըƵըϽ޸ĺƣɿԡȫԸߡ⣬Ƴԭͼǿƻµըҩ
΢һʱִ̫٣ټ漣̻פ򲻾ãǱ߽Ļ͹ҵ豸ƣȻ뵽Ԫըû׼࣬Ǽʹ˵ҲӲСãӡǳ̡
һˡ
漣̻ķԴأ漣̻ݸٷչ꣬Ѿ߱ĹҵģԴڻȫǲͬն
չʾüͼֽⶼھ;ģǵԪըԸŨԭѹɵСըصЯʹãɱ˷Χ㣬ƻ޴ҸΪԪס
Ԫǳ򵥣׷󳬴Χ˺ЧҪʿսʱо뱬ɱ˵оĸǿֻҪһԪֱڶԷϣǿҲᱻըֱӸɵ
⣬üªըȫ޷ϣЧʺ;׼ȶ̫͡չʾһ뷨Ǳ뽨һָ׼Ԫըǵ߱Զķ䲽裬Ͼ׼ָܷͬ䲻һըӶȡȡǿɱЧ

Ųгüַ
ԪըֱӽϡըƳɼʸ䣬ԼƯˮеˮ׵ȵȡ
˶̾Ϊֹ
ţʲôţ
ƲţɶپȫˡըھõǾҪ漣̻ᵱǰзˡ
ԪըѾˡֻһתԪըƻܷǳǿ󣬵ĿǰԴͼԪըֻвʿ龳ʿвޣ̵ȷ涼ȱݣǱƳǿ󡢸רԸʿ
ʵԪըЧѾܾˣ
ĿǰԴڴֹǰը⼸ܹıս֣ѵи
ְһž޴ͼչʾһĿɿڴ
ͼеԪǹߴҪܶ࣬һǹܾ׶೤ṹǸޱȣĸƵϻĹܽṹ
⿴һŴԪǹ
õԪǸӳ̶ȣǵȼߵͣȫֽ׶Ԫǹеܹġ
ҿˣ漣̻ҪʽָͼֽģԪǹеӴʮ࣬ҸΪԪڣһԪڵĿǰԪǹٱ
ٱʲô
ǿߵĻԪҲѰڶȻɣ
βѧǣǲЩ˶̾һǳµĴɱһڹȥֱܰѶԷսԴǿҲѵֵĹɣ


338 λ
ԪڼȾ߱ԪǹİٱĶȻҲԪǹİٱⲻҪǿȵϻԪڱʵҪҲﵽ̵زƾڵĵؼյĲϣ¶ѷϱ׼
⡣
õģʱѾǿȾ͵İ취ݵػغ;ǿ׼ڲôǳǵʱѾһع⼸ĽԳԪڷʱ
һǹе
ǹеͬԷǳϡн죬صܹܳʱƣӶʺɳߵ١ֳʱṩǿǹе
ԪڣԪǹȫǳɱԿƼͲҪǳߣԲ뵽зУӶȷܹڴֹǰű;߱ǳǿĿźźϲʵȻ
ٸѧҹսʮ鳡ͬʱǧ˶УͼֻǶ̶̼ʱгɹˡ
ʮ漣ͧݺϣͣ漣̻Ͳֿȫ㹻Ĳ֮ʮͬʱʼתһ˺ǧʦܲĿʼ
ԵӲһȭͷСĶѾٸˣ״Բĳֹӣĺ·ڲǸŨѹľͣ䶥һɫİťֻҪťõԪؾͻἤѹľͷ仯ը
Ԫˡ
ṹ̫ҲȽףΪСÿʿЯһţսϾܷӿֲã»Ѱ˾ǿ϶һöɷеЧ
ԪֿԪǹеԪǹǧԶԶǵˣԴֲݾʵϵĲˡ

еʱе˲٣ʱرһϢ
ֹ֮֮󣬱̹䰲Ĳӣȴ䰲Ϯۿڣ߼ȫľʹûдߵĴֻɿڶһѻˣ䰲ʣʮ򲻵ڴӱ¸ǻͣ
ؾģСս䰲ʱ
еλߵ䰲֧İڽɽοΪݴһ䰲ѴֻˣһѽۿڶɿڶյøɸɾӴֹʱ䣬Ϊȡᡣ
׼ӭӡ
漣̻һ޸ۣۿںͷִʱӪ֮Ҵ;Ұ䰲˴εʮǼĹһţ
ĹʮҪսһǣһڲݣսʱ֧ûбֵܣܹ֮ܲǻһδ֪֧ݣΪṩİ
ݶ䰲Ӧһܴ
䰲ûзŭҲûܻ쳣侲ΪĹȫָӣѾʮԼ
Ĺѣ䰲ȻǷǳģûжȮֲݵͼȮִݣֱָǣֹ¶ϮֳͼʵЩǻӣĿĽǰĹŶϽ̶ʱʧȥãԱ֮ʾġ
ʵ䰲֮
Ĺ鱨ͺˣȫ֪Ȯֲԭͳһ֪һսĻִֹ֧֮ȻҲһḻɳ޽ľҪо鱨ȫԵȵ£䰲Ҳûа취ϾҲ֪
ǧ﹧ӭȥ˵䰲Ǭ̳λ
Χʿ׷׹أ䰲ȫλ
Ĺҡҡ׹ȺףҪһʩ䣡
˭֪䰲䵭˵һ佫ελǲܵģöȻ̳вͳ
仰Ҫǻ˵ڣǿ϶䰲Ըٹ֪һսȻλԺգȴκܺȤһѡʱǸϲĶǬ˭֪Ǭڵ֪λʱȻһԴȥǰ߿Ȯˡ
Ǭ־ٶڸ־սãֻ֮ôλ˶껡껾־ΪʮԲгǸЩĹҲ㲻
ڶѾˡ
ǬԸ⵱
ѧ߳˵Ӿ츳κ̫Сȱɳûִ飬ελĹѾǳʱڣ䰲Ҫƴˣ
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Ǭüͷ˵ΪսҪĲһһܵƽȮֵĽ
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ǧһ¡
治òǻ۲漣̻ḱ᳤һĻԶҪЩõĶࡣ
䰲̾Ϣһֻͬˡ
Ǭھӵ֮£ݽм̵ּķǣӴݳΪǡǬλ䲼ü顣
һⶫȻΪ䰲̳ǬµľȻĿǰǹģȻϾû̫ɳ飬ʵҲǿ󣬻ĹƾĿǰȨȻڶǬԼ
ڶӷΪһȾʸݿгţͬʱϽ󿤺򡣸Ϊף
նɱ֮踱ķĺͺšκ򡱣Ϊݿ
Ǹ漣̻ᷢķ顢ھĻֵһĺʵȨһȾĹʷϾ޽еġ˳⣬边ȻҲһĺԭķפصݾţĹһλŮԷߣ
Դˣ˶ûʲô
徭Ƕһ겻ҪôҪôҪôȮ֣ﻹЩļУ·κ⣬ľ򡢽ǳߵˣѧ߹ǧΪһѧҲǳߵˡ
ݸǳĵ̣
ˣүµգûһ˶Դ˱ʾԣһǳܣܵõĹãĹ˵һ°
Ǭ֮󣬱뵽ȥҳġ
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ֳˣǺã
ĿУλѷɫ䰲ֻҪ컹ûʲôǲܵģһ쵹ˣôûеˣ
Ǻã
ҩҩ
漣̻һϧһҩֻǶ̶һҹʱ䣬漣̻ҩγϢʹȻϢǷųȥˣȴţ뺣һûϢ


339 ޱޱС
ʱʮ죬δ֮ʱ
±ɭ뿪ӥһ·£ݣݣݣһƬޱ޼ʵԭʼ֡
ڱɭɽ븲ǣžûбŴĿޣ3ħżʣҲáҲգﶼһƬ޷ç
±ɭçײһƬ޵գܴ͵ŭȴҡڵľЩҲûһֻ޸ҷ𹥻Щ޾̲ôߣȴֱܹ浽˭ǿ˭
׿ɲİ±ɭ㣬ӥ޾һͷʵǿħޣ˫չʮ׳ɫۣȴӥצͷ­Ϣ󲿷ˡ
±ɭ޾ɽֿͣʼһЩۼһƬɭϿգﾡҲһɭ֣ƬɭɫƯ̺ʢÿһľ˸оֲһֻ
Ƭɭָ泬аϵĲȱȽǣÿһһĦ¥ľһ侫ݱ档
ǰ±ɭϡ
±ɭϻˣ
ӥͿӹɭһЩע⣬鷢ӥϵʱ̾ͽ䣬еĹһ
ЩɭУɭΪһ壬޷±ɭһԾ׵Ŀ׹£ȴһƬӯҶïʢľ֦辴סһᵴƮһ̺ϸĲݵϡ
±ɭϣˣ
ţû°ɣʳħͣôϷôֻƢɽû
һ糣
ľĳһһӰῡһͲ಻һòͲֵܴĿֳݵĿݳͣĿǣªĿԿħ
оû̫̫̫ĴڣÿһŮӷŵ൱УǶɫһĴŮΪˣΪ½ʢŮе֮һ
±ɭڲһܻӭˣΪ±ɭݺ⣬һܷյ壬ǲ뵽ȥģԾ緢ǳ
±ɭְأΪռΧȷ飬ÿһžһ꣬ÿλΪܶ಻ͬҵȤźͷ飬˾Ůϲ
±ɭǳƴкҺã
٣±ɭ壡ʱһö԰±ɭ˵ȴֱǶħĴʰоһͷۣȴֲò΢Ц̧ͷȥѽⲻޱޱСôһʱûмޱޱñǰˡ
±ɭո̧ͷͼһ˫ϸƯСȣܰ׺޳ʯĥһƷǧȥŮʲôʱģ԰±ɭȻҲȫ޲Դ˰±ɭϰˡ
ǷǳľŮʮӣһҶƳɵȹӣīɫͷһƯĻڣһСӼ侫ֱɭһ㡣
λŮھ壬ҲһĴŮ
ߣҲŲأСޱޱһʧҡεǧϣ˲ͳڵ棬һͮͮӣҧһڣʱ֭ˮĽһ˫۾Ű±ɭ캬˵ҵ㲻˰ɣ
±ɭæһѺޱޱСİţҵȻˣ˴һϲġ
ɱƭңϴҲô˵Ķ˵ʲôĳĳսĹϹĹ屦һ㶼ϲ
ǾһСһЩǳȤȻֵߣһ⣡
СӶʱâŲҪʲôֵĶֻҪȤ͹ˣ±ɭѲŻȡ
ʲôһ澵ô
ŻһܴͻĶǳȤôá⻹кܶණͷʳݵȵȣϲĶ
ޱޱСеȤˡ
ûȥԿСְѲŻװָڴ±ɭһʱСȻعͷһۣû˵ô棬һҲĻҾ͵԰Щݲȫˣ
±ɭһ⻹˵ãЩӰ
С±ɭ˵ᣬֻһΣʧԭأ
±ɭȴʲôûü˵µֻС涫ܹСˡС츳Ȼǳر°±ɭҲ׷ϣֻǼʱ䣬СѾصԼ档
ҿ
СִĶˡ
СصݣһѾ顣
Щ䶼СС൱꺢ͯҧָͷһ濴
㣬ʲôѽ
Ϊʲôûأ
СȻһǳӣվС룬һ߸ϵĺǴģûأǵȻûм
ǵ׸ô氡
ţǱ𼱣оо
ʲôѽءһľ鷭һڹͷǳԵ𣿡
̰Թ֪ԣС˵±ɭ˵Ĺͷ˵ζ٣һ˰ɡ
СԸǳˬҲǺǶϲһԭ򣬲һ򣬰±ɭٿڹͷͱʮӸƽϷˡ
ž
Сһڹͷ򿪣ŵǿҵζСеǳԾѵҲܹħһֱΪ½ֻоĴħأ
ţóԣ̫óˣ
Щ麢һԵýζȻ˵Ҳħ⣬ǾƽʱʳΪʳǺרҵԵ漣̻Ԫ⿼䷽ʳʱÿһ鶼ƺá
ôó
СһͷζɿڣǵȻǷǳɫʳأС֭ȵøɸɾͻȻеˣôóԵĶ֪Ͳˡ
ǰӣֲҪ
СŻô氡
ԣޱޱհ±ɭķŻʮ˫峺۾ͬʱֻȫı棬ͻȻâпʼֻˡ

ЩСľ鶼һȫһܿˡ
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Ϊʲô⾵ܿ磿
ҵģѵǴ˵еλ֮ǿǺ
СҲܳԾûСܹоƷ֮ණǾ˵ţţⶫûΣյġ
˽ŽɣǵֲģʮСԴΧڲŵӰ续ʱÿһ϶ž̾飬·ȫǰĻ棬̾ͼͣ
ۣ
ͼƬˣ
滹ᶯأ
ֱһ磬⵽ʲô
һЩ̲סȥ⻬ӣһ͸һˡ
ǵˣޱޱСûа취һУغ𳳣𳳣ٳˣڲҵģҾͲǿˣ
ھ麢ʵˡ
ÿһ˶ɴ۾Ŀɿڴǰʵġ


340 ֶһ
Щ𿴶СģʵĻƽ䶼ܴﵽʮˣ˵ǷȽϻٶȺЧҲȲ࣬ôʱ³ɳٶҲҪȿǿˡ
ЩĶǻѾΪлѺڵǿ߰˸龳ǿ߳ޱޱС⻹һ
ֻһȺӾôֲʵ
֮ǿҲͿ֪ˡ
ǶôվǺӣ˶ǰδϡеʮֺ档
԰ȻԸȫͬϵԲѧΪĿǰ½Ҫ֮һＸÿһСѧγ֮һû̫⡣
ӰʯӰӾ粻ʵ¼ƣǻ浱Ȼôô˴򶷣ǻ澭ѣҲ۷ֱ
̫ˣ
񫣬ǳ񫣡
ֱӾʢ磡
ѻȸÿһС鶼֣𺳵ս⣬˵ĵطȴǹ±⾫һֱʮǻڹۿӰʱԵĴзʮ
ޣץסİ飬ЩδµľǸеġӢ¸ҵǳ죬ĹӨӨ˶Ŵ͸еƷ£þһӾϲˡ
һʮһ꾫Ů˵ôô¸ңȻϲȥ׷󰡣
ѽ
ѵûӨӨҲϲ𣿡
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ǶʲôС֣˵ȶǺܿصģλгʿֻһ˽ʿǸӨӨȴǸ߹ĹΪܹͨߵһ
ھ鶼˼
ʲôᣬЩͷԵĶΪʲôôأ
׹ģЩͨСˣҲûоòԣھǾײ㾫һͣҲûʲô׵ĵط
С˵ûһ鿪ʼ֪ʶˣǲ뿴һֻʳħҪӮȡǵСôϻͬ𣿡
ޣޱޱСͨ죺ôӢֱ͵ôܸʳħȣֱǿɳܣ
ɲһ
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Щ鳳òɿʱ򣬾鷢չͽΪ˽иܴ²ʵŭ׼Ұʿץ
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ĵ䲻ϹΪʲôҪֹ
ߣ޲߿֣Ϊ˼˺ݺһѺ˭֪ʱõϢҹӳһĶֽŴ̼ĳӾ飬˿ûð
ʵ̫̼ˣ
Ůǻ۾ɣ
˾ҪִԼõĴʱһʼδⷢˣѪ˳֣ץ
Ѫ¾޹࣬аռѪʱޱȲҵѪʱÿһ鶼ǺһŷŭĻЩȥģʵڻˡ
ôôаˣ
Ǻð
Ů˻ôأ
¾ոսһС룬ڽϼӿ죬ԽԽʣʻۣھսʱ򳹵׵㱬ˡ


Ҫ
ǳΪȹճ޵ʱÿһ鶼±ʹˮѵǸôŬջֻԱβ
ǶԴѹѵʱת漣ķˣչ½ǣ˶Ϊʿ͹ˣʿ͹Ӵ˲ᱻ˴ĵطŰƽ
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СҲЦ˸кñ̫ˣˡ
г𣿡
ҪڣһҪ
ԣ˵ûҵż񣡡
ߴߴгˣҲҪһѽ
ޱޱҵһˡһȥС˶ٵľ۰ͰͿŲŻҺϲܲܰ͸ң
һеҪҵҰŻɺã

СŭĿԲ첲סŻʥַȨ⵽֣ⲥŻǱ۵ûҵͬ⣬˭ҪǸһ£ҷһͷɡ
С
ҾСҾС
ǲˣҰ±ɭҪȥ
۰ͰͿŲŻǿĽ֮ɫԸһ̨Ըбó
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±ɭݺܿͱЩˡ
ڶСǣ±ɭʱŵһ£˵ã±ɭϽͣⶫͻһûˣûˣ
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ǶԴǲ̫ģҲûʲô취ѽϾ±ɭֲеı
ޱޱС鲿棬ΨһӵвŻġ
Ϣܿʹ˳ЩСؼҺ߳һЩľҲޱޱС貥Żޱޱǳھĸαôȥأ
ԽǿԽ档
µԸһ²¹⾮ˮޱޱСĲŻ
ҶԸһ֦֮СĲŻ

ޱޱСǰǵ鷳ûϲޱޱСǳ׻ˣ˵ĴѣΧһЩҲ̸ˡ
˵˲Ͳ
ǾҲ
ޱޱܻ֮¾Ȼ֣ȻһȺǰ̸е˸ˣԼҲˡ
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ΪЩޱޱܵ˻ȥ״ˣЩ̷ѡƻԼ͵ĻǾҪȥ״ˣ
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ȻǰѲŻóöӦɭһ
龪ϣޱޱѹŲòİĲŻΪ飬һҹİߣһ
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ޱޱСһԹֻǶ̶̼ʱоĶ⣬ڲŻѾˣ֪Щʲôʱỹ
±ɭϲ͸¶ŻΪһԭ򰮺úƽ壬±ɭϵһй¶Ǹط¾Ͳðˡ
±ɭʧˡ
ΪԼ˵û֪
ޱޱСһģ⻹кüʮḶ́Щǰ±ɭϸ߼ĹչģԼ֪¼ݡ
ޱޱһݳһǣЩÿ϶͵͵
й£֣нѧиڿΡ
֮Ƿǳḻġ
ޱޱСеǳϲǣ֪ЩԱһСޱޱСеܵǡӰӾĳʵڵģ
ЩŻеĶȫģ
ޱޱСԳĸоͺϲʱݵĵز


341 Ҫľ
ƻʱ֣ɫɭֱ͵ĺɫǣƳ໺Уûÿ˶ϲŪݲݣоֻ
ʱһ곤ݸѲޱޱСôûƽʱǺöĺܰ
ǰأֻȥ˰ɡ
Ѿͷ߱˽ˣڹأĹͺˣڿɲҪȥùͷҪù
֪
곤̧ͷһݣֻҡҡͷԹ뿪
ʵ˶֪ޱޱѾĵˣ˶ʱصĿռ츳͵͵뿪˲䣬ǳ̵ʱʹԽɭɽ룬򱱰üΣյشյִĹı߾֮ء
ǰ𣿡
ʱѾˣޱޱżվɽ嶥ԶԶǰԼԼܼĹϷ߷վĵƹ⡣СﲻеһţӲ䳤֪һЩϢ
һǳӵòƷ·ֲĶȣӰӨӨһǵŮˣҲ½˲ֱӵĳ˹֣Ӱһֱ˽ʿҲмթƻ׺ݵĻˡ
֮ƶûһֵ쾡£϶ģӵ壬ʽΪӰôϲ
˵вٺΪˣǾձ鶼Ϊ̰թռ˾Ծû̫ߵĺøУҲǾϽԭڡ
ޱޱСڶĿȾȻЩźͺ£˵һЩ׼񡢵ͽϮ鲿䣬°߾鲿ŮֻΪЩ
;ÿ£
ΪޱޱŲӴأ
ʵС֪ĹһССĳǿһ𣬿Ҳǲʸеġƾ½ϡеĿռ츳½ץסмأ
СҼǰˡ
һ鳤̦ʯͷӻｫóСĵ˵ﲻ֪ղյõźѽһԣ
̣
̣
ӴﲻϷ߰
С΢΢ü뻹̫ԶСеƵʱͻȻַӦˣֻһõ֣Ӵ洫
ѽѽѽСһɸߣл̨Ƶյĵ̨أǴ½һţȻܷΰĶ̫ˣ
ޱޱضߺˡ
Сʼ漣̨ѰԼϲݡ
漣̨źԴͷȻݣ̨ڲźܶʱź鱨ޱޱûȥ磬ĵѯ˵Ǻʵ飡
ԭһӰԺܹǧһӰ磡
ǲҲӰԺͺˣЩһͲҵĲŻˣ
ۣ

ַһֽͨѶĶҲʱԻ治Ǳݵˣ鲿ֶͲô鷳ˣ

ޱޱСһ̽ߣڵĹ·֮ϣѹţ緢͹ѶϢڴû߳ɭֵС˵ǼֱһȫأˢޱޱСۡ
ûһĹ۲磡
콥ˡ
ϽȥУޱޱССѴװڴһԾ˲ʧڰգԴӾһҹޱޱһʰÿҹﶼҪѴ͵͵Ĺ߽ĹϢ
涼ܿΩӴرӴޱޱҪǱ֣Ǻɲģ
ⴥ߽ֵȥ
ޱޱȴܲôˣ޷Ǹջ
һҹޱޱҪѡԼϲݣͻȻһ漣̻ᴴʼ˳ɳʷĽĿˡԱӽǺۣˡĹһ߹ͬɵ֯ȻСȤ
쾭ôѽ
С֪ǰݳǳһӣĸкҲΪūɱӨӨղŴôҵ
Զȹ¸Ӵ棡
Сýζرǳһϵ飬СͶءС˵ľһԳѱֲηǿȨص㣬رСθڣοôвŻ

治ܷӰ硢ˣ
ʱעСԳ˽ԽԽ࣬漣̻˽ҲԽԽ࣬漣̻߲㶼˭йʲôΪ䡣ҲѾʶ漣̻
ֶֽֿʱǹ÷ǳ죬̫ҪˡСѴã׼زʱ
ʱ
漣̻һССע⡣
ΪµµӹӹְҵеΪȱΪظӶã漣̻ſͼųʿλ𱰣ΪǿСԺηֻҪһ֮лΪ漣̻һԱǹ֤ͬΰ漣ͬΰ漣
һޱޱеȻĶˡ
ǳ붼ܻ꣬ΪһЩһǧ궼ڻ¡ܹ۴֪ʶޱޱһֱ⣬һ½һǻ壬ΪʲôϲɽϪأһԼ֪ʶǻó츣磬ǲǸõѡ
ܵ½ȥһĽķṦΰǲŲֹأ
ޱޱһ̾
ֻǷǳϧɭϣϲμӵ׵ȥޱޱɲָ˵ЩϹŰ壬뷨ҪǱǷˣǵñʮ겻ɣ
ޱޱرմݻص䡣
һΣԾصɲɡ
գޱޱ׼Ŀʱ򣬵̨ﲥȫˣһɫڱս˵Ĺ룬ĶǶѾˡ
б飡
ʵǿɶ񰡣
֮ɭźܶ飬ЩûмǺöǿĴʣû뵽ĹҲ۸ˣСĵǳĹ᲻Σأ
δʱ䡣
Сһֱ̨ͨעս
һ漣̨ʼظһɹϢ漣᳤̻ܻǰǿ߽شҪһܹ޸2ҩ
ʲô
ˣ
ޱޱʱżôźã
صϸһϡڴȻܼѣҪʱæޱޱǿ԰ϵģҩȥһܸмޱޱܽʻʶˣ
ֻôĻǺܴܴģ
Ҳܲôˣ
ޱޱСͲһֵľ飬ö֮̾Ϳʼжˡ


342 ҩ
2ҩܷǳ󣬲ϱ׼ȴô꣬ȫھ鳤ﵱһţޱޱûɺͱƭ֣Ծֻ͵
ҩ첿乩ÿ궼ҪĴԴʵԾ鳤˵òŵģĸ鳤û龳Ϊ䱩ǲ緢Ӹ߼ֵأ
ȥ͵һϵҩأ
鳤϶̫ǣϰ±ɭĹϵã±ɭ԰պһҩξͻùˣ
ҹ˾ʱ
ޱޱ뿪Ǳһ±ɭϵҩ԰ҩ԰ǳܣһ˸ҩ԰һ̽磬ʹǿҲѴƣ㾯ͷ壬ҩ԰ڲлĿѲߣÿһҩΧŽơ
걸ʧԿԼΪ㡣
ʹͼǿҩ԰Ҳܲһ±ɭͻֵᷢġѲޱޱСǵĿռӵߣЩС˵ֱͬ衣
ͣ
ռһ㱻пˡ
Сֱӽ±ɭϵҩ԰ҩ԰ڶ뵱һֻʮ걦ҩÿһ궼ǷǳϡƷ
ޱޱҵ±ɭʮǰһðУһżֲҩݣ
ݣƺƽƽ棬ȴʵҩ˵ҩ̺ǿֲκȱͺʧӰٷ֮Ԫȣ̺ǿԪԻѾΪ˵׾ͻƵƿ
ܺã
ˣ
СƾһذףǳɵƿƣӿռϽзָҩһ붼û¡ֲҩȴûж㱻ۼҩǱγڿռϱߡ
ɭ־ֻޱޱ˰±ɭµĽǲᱻġ
±ɭϣɲҪң˵ҪԵҩȥȳ죬ҲһԵ
ҩ֡
ޱޱҹ벿䡣
ΪС֪͵ҩ˶õģ±ɭҪǷԼʮıҩ͵ߣǵ÷費ɣҪҩ͵к֮ǡ
СԽɭ֣һιĹڣյִݴأʱѾˣСпռ츳һϸ·Ҳ۵ùǺ
סأ
Ĺսʱ״̬ûƽʱķټڲ賿ĵӴӣŲݳǷǳ塣
СһУסʯͷӺ֣ģҲûмеЩϰߡִָʯͷס
ûҶûвݵأûл԰ûоˮûݣû顭˼һ𣬹;ñŤ֣
ֵסĵطѽ
ޱޱ۾̵ȼĵƣʶǳǿ˲ɨСССȵķ֣Щ඼ֱĲ񻰣ôôĹأ
ޱޱԴ½ȼûи֪Сײ
ԭĹôСֲûᱻ۸أ
С֪Ĺʵ֮ĴΪݳ£ûֱܹвͷǿߣֱڷȥĹλôߣȥǿ׼û
ʱۡ
ǬҹǬ۾Ƶʱ
ιã
ͻȻһŮڶ𣬶ǬȻһȴһСӰվԼ⡣
Ǭɫ㣬һѽʵȥ
˭ҹһϢͻȻ֣¶ǬһӦǬΪ龳ˮƽĹΪߵˣԷվԼһˣȴһϢûо˵ʲô
ҪôǼ̿ͣ
ҪôΪߵǿߣ
ֻߣ߽УܲôͻȻڶǬǰԲǷ֮
СָһУǬıʾôסˡǬͺһԪ˲䱬װԪ껯һ˳ǹޱС̹ȥ
ʲôִˣ
ޱޱһ̧֣ǰռѣǹ̽ѿռӶǬ󴩳һʵʵڶǬԼϣǬ˲ͱԼˡ
㵽Ǻˣ
ҩġޱޱһľò̫˵֪𣿡
ҩ
Ǭޱޱľд򿪣һ֮˲䣬ǬƱϢǣֻ̼ͺת˼֡
ҩǡ
͵رƿʮ󺰵ץ̿ͣ
ס֣ǬֹǣһҪƾЩǵסģⲻǴ˿̣ȥ漣̻
ӨӨڴշת࣬һ飬ü켸ҹû˯ڳвˣӨӨǳĿֻţ֪쵽ܲܳŹȥ
˵ֹڴ̴Ȼ贬ˡ
ûг죬ҵס׺Ĵֹ
ڴʱϢӨӨ˵һܵҩˡӨӨȺݺһѣȷԼΣžϲ㴩˼·𼱻ǸϵǬĸۡ
ֻѾȵˡ
ʱ˿̣Ҳ嶼Щ˫һؼ򵥵СľУƽ侲صĽ㶼ܸ˳Сľװŵһҩˡ
㲻ӨӨ𣿡
ӨӨһԼСһŮīɫͷͷ޻Ȧ·ǾӢҶ֯ɵģһ˫ѩ׾ӨСѾ÷ǳƯֳֻּһ豭ڵϣ˫۾Χࡣ
ֵ˼ӨӨʱֻ۾ֻ̾ѩ׽ѾڵϣϲܵӨӨߣϸӨӨһӰ滹ҪƯҺͽǶϲˣû뵽ܼˣ̫ˣ
ӨӨе㲻˼־еĪ
˵˭
ӨӨλľĹޱޱ߹˵Ϊҩ漣̻Ĵˡ
鹫ӨӨһĹӨӨֻһðƻӨӨҵϽ˵㣬ŶӦý㹫̣ҾӨӨллȳ죡
ССʱһ磬߷߲ƽ˵ʲộˣ
Се㲻ˣǬʱһ£С鿴޺ʵΪɲⰡǲСİλëˣǺǲġ
ӨӨͷæǸ˼˼಻һҲ֪ôƺ
೤ö࣬СʮӣʵʵԴﵽʮ꣬ӨӨոʮ꣬ѵһд𣿿໹Ǿ飬ϲ䱻˵ˡ
СҲûϣ˵ôûأҪ
ƷСҲȲˣͰҩȥɣ


343 ҩ
ѳʮأʵЩǰ˵ô㼬֣ѵȷǲܵġ⼸Դʵʳûæ͵аˡ
оѾ㹻Ҳ±عףֵоԱȥ㶨ҲͿˡ漣̻Ѱҩ飬û̫ϣСôҵõҩ
ҩֲǴײˣ
2ҩĳ3ҩҪϡУΪҩǼ컯ģܹ𼫴󾫻ҩһԶԶ2ҩԵͼҩҩѰҡ˵ˣҵһ2ҩ漣̻еȼ۵Ķȥһ
漣̻ĿǰԴĹڵģȼƷʲҲϡУʹõĽǮҲĹңֽһĲֵȻôԪʯԶԶﲻһҩĵز
չôⶼǰ׷˭֪͵챧뷨ʱһ֪ðľСһҩɽˮݣȻҪκα꣬װ͵
ҿܳİܼӣ
ҩǶô󣬵ֵϰ꼫Ʒʥҩˣ
һŵĿǰҩľ飬ǸһļİС飬֦Ҷ֯·һڣһ˫Ө׵ĽѾȻûзȫһȴ˾ޡ
Ϣǳǿ󣬿Ƕĸ֡
һϳʹ棬ƺδվǧŴͳδ꾫ǲӴģ͵͵ܳİɣ
ۣСʱѩշ𼤶ĺΣ۾ﶼǣЩź;нû뵹ܼ㣬ޱޱȻ࣬ùǷĶҺ㡣˵ˣר̴Ӳһҩ쿴ҩûá
ԭСҩԭͶôҿЦû뵽漣̻Ӱ͸Уû뵽ǣھ棬Сôһߣ
ݣҩпһۣ¶һ˿ȵı飬һֹżϼصϡвҩںûһԪҩ
ӨӨʣûأ
̺Դ֮ʹʹҲԪ޲˸ǲڻ£ҩԺ⣬³쵱ˣҲָܻƣŲô˷أҩϵĳЩ⣺ֻǣҩδƵĺۼûв´ĻӲ͵͵İɣ
첻ûиݵġ
¾ǳղΪһδҩҩΪСĸͿӦòʮ꣬ҩۼжϣҩֲһΣǰʮûٶ
ԣ붼жϣһǾ岿ĲƲ˵Ǿ鲿ĳһ߲ĲƲСĸƷ͵ģ
˵
ʵǳСóȻһҩ͸죬᲻ŭЩ飿屾رϲӴС鲻棬һҪҩһŭ֮鷳ǿ漣̻Բ˶ߡ
ǳ죬Ȼһ۾ܷô࣡ޱޱСһ㲻Ц˵ǲɲҲ࣬ҵ͸ûˣû취ֻ͵͵һؾܷģ鲻Ϊ鷳ģҲظʮ꣡
СһֱΪԼʲô
ҩԾ鳤϶û̫ãǰ±ɭһİĲƷ챻±ɭղţóЩ顣λᣬóǷһ飬˵Ժأ
ʮꣿ
Ҳ̫ˣޱޱСΪ漣̻ᣬȻ˳ͷЩⲻȥ
ǱңʮԾ˵ûʲôοҲáޱޱСֲ˵ΪǲĿǰΪֹûһְ취ܹסҡҩѾ͵ͻҲǲк֮ǣ
ӨӨж˵治֪ôл㣡
ôô鷳£ޱޱЩ̫ˣһҩʲô˵ģ
Сô˵ˡ
ѷԵˣ첻ҩдһ裬ʱռЩϡЩ϶ǽΪʥҩ漣̻ĿǰԴӦǲ̫ҵġ
ҩ뿪ˡ
ޱޱ˵ҿԪ𣿡
ȻûޱޱԪȻţԪʱ򣬾Ȼûκɫֻܹ۲⵽ռһ𶯡һɫذ׸ޱޱͷذ׷ǳر𣬷·ռһ̺ǿҵĿռÿŲһǷâܰѿռ񶹸һ
ռ֮ذ
ޱޱСԪ꣡
ĿռԪô°˵ȻӵǿĿռԪֵ꣬ƺûռԹ
ޱޱһɥ˵ΪռԹ̫ϡУҲʺģ޹ǿռԵġ
һ⻰ϧ
ռԾǿ֮һˡ
ҵһ׺ʹԪศɣôޱޱСǱǳˡΪռϡкǿ󣬸žͺܹԺѴСҵԼĹҲġ
̫ˣٺһЦôҶɻ󣬳˵㲻Ըҩ漣̻ΪҾһĹҩɣ
ޱޱСһɣѵпռԹ
׹նݡһŻڿռϵԪꡮռ֮ذ÷ŹֻҪⲿͬв
Ҷɫ䡣
Щ˲̾óռԵĹ̾ŹǿЧ⡶նݡһɣսܹ٣һ󾳽ڣܽɱˣһǿ󵽼µĹ
ޱޱеš
óռ书
ûж˵óһһҹʱ佫¼ãԽޱޱǳ֣ص˵ⲿ֮ͻٵǧҪй¶ȥ鷳ģ
ޱޱֻǴҩ
û뵽˻
ޱޱΪԼһҲһƪĿռ书ޱޱնݡĹҪ֮ʱоѪţⲻһĿռ书һżϳ˵Ĺ
ƪޱޱԾ˵ֵֹһҩ
ʮ꣬һ궼Ȳϣ
ʱˣҪҩĿﶼҵֳɣԼϣֱܽҩˡ
ã
Ҳ
鷳ľˡ
ޱޱ˵ס죬вļҳһһ𣡡
˵ֱ꣬ӱչȥˡ


344 µ
ĵطҩԪʡ½ϵҩĵҩϸȼ޶ģ1ҩֻʿȽЧڻʿϾƷٸЧҲ޵ģ龳ʿϾͼûκˡ
һͨ2ҩܳΪղƷʵ϶Ծ鳤ϲû̫;ݵر֮ڣ߱ҩҩԣֵԾ鳤ǲһôûУϾڼʮ
ޱޱðʧİѳݸ͵ȻС䶯ǳ첢ûй黹뷨Գֽ׶εŪһҩ̸װⶼˣзŹĵȰ͵ߵķ˵Ժ鲻ٿǷΧڣ
һɲҲ̫ˣ
ȡ֮һƳһöҩƷ˵ֻһöɼĵҩǳݱǸҩģ޲̺ӴʥҩöҩΪԳѾ´ˡ
ڿ԰״̬ˣ
콫ɵڱԪ߷̾һ̬ľԼʱ͸뼡⣬裬һֻ£öѾϣûģƲ̼ͻúתΪҲѸٴӻؿԽ۷塣
ŵҩ䷽ƣǱϾҩͶʥҩɷ֣۵һԻ꾳ʿ˵޷ġ
첻Խ۷壬оҩоղ֮һǶʣҲͻƻ۷壬һԾʹﵽص꾳ˣ
ãǳã
û뵽֮һҩЧ
첻ƻָһþ޴ЩʣಿٽһЩΪʥҩƳɶöҩ˻þ޴ˣޱޱСһҩֱ漣̻ʵһΣ
չʱޱޱСӨӨŲι漣̻ᣬо֮ޱޱ漣̻ǿĴˡ
Լһ˲õ顣
ı磬ޱޱȴһô˰Σգѵһ޴Ĺ𣿸οޱޱһδԵӳõĿռ书ʹˣκҩļֵȲϵġ
ޱޱһջ
ΪдޱޱСȫã⼸ʱӨӨޱޱӰ룬ͬͬ˯޻̸ޱޱСȵķ֣ӨӨðƹرйͬ⣬ȻܴȻǲͬ壬Ǳ˴˼侹Ȼûκθң˼ֱ̳޻̸ĺѡ
ӨӨ鴿ûʲô𣬶ӨӨֲô壬رޱޱСθڣ˲ʶ̶̼죬ѾԼһӰ磬ҪԼݳɽˡ
һֱˡ
øСرϵҲǺܸ˵ģԱȽϵַǳ񣬶ԸӶƱǻᱧһ˿ģֻӨӨˣܸһƬ趼
費֪СΪﵽʲôˣصĶǬΪԶȲϣôСʵ붼֮ϣսҲǶ֡οСǾŮ磬λ߹;ùϵô漣̻ҲͲ´ֹӥսˡ
ӨӨС漣ƵԺȡˡ
þĽӴޱޱСӦѾ½ģƵҶˡֻСһһƲˣڰѾԻأСһ˫׵ĽѾڴĲ衣
ӨӨ֣ǳȺ⣺㣬ôȻпգ
ǡþ˵Ծ˳ˡ̽СģȻܰѶֵôԣޱޱ֪ݹû𣿡
ޱޱ˵ģϲ
Ц˵Ȼϲβݳסأ
ޱޱСʱйƤɥƵ˵ɲУ岻׼˽ԺཻģѾҳˣǶѾ֣ɭֵңɭҲǿܾͻᵽҿɲǡ
ӨӨǳߣôһȺϹŰ壡ֲÿһ඼ǻˣ
ޱޱݼ죬Ƕ֪أΪǽܽļ𣿡
˽⣬ѾŵޱޱϷֻǶĹϷһֱȱ㹻ϣֻ֪޾ɭ塢֮ϡ塣
ѽӨӨһӣǺҾ쵽ҲһͨѶվôڲ䣬ҲԽյϢ
ޱޱȻˡ
漣̻ܰͨѶվɭȥǰѷḻ飿÷ռǧĲһӱóޱޱӨӨͳʱͨѶʱ
Ŀ𣿡
漣̻˵ֻСһ׮
ޱޱһĶûˣô˵˸мжûˣ̾ͰѲΧĵΣλã˿ʵȫȫгˡ
ޱޱ򣬴ĹϣһƬʮĻ֮أΪɭֵռ߰˳ɵط֮Ϊɭ֣λңֻңңңң֮ܶһƬҵء
Ƭؼ֣ĵر츣أ֮ȫ߱Ϊһ͵۹ǣƬݣ顢֮Ĵ壬塢֮ǿ壬Ҳаˡ֮ϡ壬ЩΪƺ⣬˭Ҳûа취ӱ
֮ɭ࿿󺣣Ǻ۹߽磬ϲ̾ŵ۹֮ԸӼӾط۸ӵľơ
ڵĻɭҪƶǳǰơ
³ǺгǾ̰岼
ÿһжռΧǧĸԴһɭָȥһЩͳӵüӹУӶγɲսȻ
޹ҵĵطӨӨ÷ǳ棺а˿ڣȻûγɹң
ܼļзֲͬһݹ½ҲǷǳģͬϰԺһȻѱͳһû뵽ĹϷȻôһ򣬡ô֮ɭǿЩأ
ޱޱ˵Ǿ⣬֮ɭкüǿº֮µǣƵ̩̹ǣĿ޳ǣƵǵȵȣȫǲСܳΪ֮ɭİ
ޱޱѼԵͼˡ
һֱǳţ漣̻򱱷չ裬ôչ׳أһȫµǰ۸Ӷּ主ĵطƬԭʼҰ޷֮أΪ漣̻µķ
Ϊһˣǳ̻طѶطԽǻ֮أԽ̲Ļᣡ


345 ʽ
һǿԪҺ
˳ĳˡ
һζݱչأǵָȫƣǿԽأ漣̻ᾫҲһɨȫޱޱСҩȻûдˣСʾ׼ȥˣϾҳߺüˣ鳤ΪѲ˿һǿ켱÷ˣǱ׷С鷳Ͳɱˡ
ޱޱȥϸ˱һʱ䣬ֻҪͷȥˣĹҳӨӨ
ޱޱҩ컹Կռ书ѾˣԳûмޱޱСеʧ䣬ɥУʱǵ֮ɭңڲĵģ
üߣҾ׼һЩҪ͸㣬ԵƬ̿ɺã
𣿶л
ޱޱСǳϲ漣̻ĶرŻ֮ģܴȥһѣʹؽҲġǰһιСл˵̾͸˵
ôǣ
ȿɣͨޱޱƳͼڳȽһɭֵּ˵Լ뷨ǵǰٵвڴֹڴֹӥսֹܵҲѣӥսûô׶Ըˣ漣̻ᶫΪƶ֮޷չֱӥսʵǣΨһܹͻΧľϷɭʵѷɫһ۹Щгǡɽгǡ³ǣһӥսֻǰݡңֲܲȣ˵òԭʼܲڶർ»ңҲΪһˮĺõط
״С˼ˡ
ɭһƬֵ漣̻ǴпΪģֻĿǰʱûʲô취УҿǲӦͨޱޱ취ߣ
ϷܻΪ漣̻Լһ˽׳ֻ¿ͷѣ֮ɭʵ̫ǿҪ˵̩̹֮ģһСǣΰȫĴҪ
ð취Ǹĳһ֧˹ϵ
ôṩڱЭ漣̻ᷢչ
С飬һֳɵô
ʱûʲô취ϵϾǷǳԱ⣬ӵѹԵʵóȻӴǵĿģпܸԼְ֮
ˣң
صʱӨӨͱޱޱС˶һᣬΪηֱ˭֪ʲôʱټţ
ֱߵޱޱǰ˵Ȼżɽֱ˵һ飬ͱȥˣɴֱӼ漣̻ɡ
Ѫ⣿ѵ֪ôĺޱޱݣ漣̻ᣬ֪϶ðɣȻһҧǳƭ˹ʱ򲻷ϵ漣̻Źأ
޳ɣ޳ɣҲôģޱޱûüڣӨӨͱʾǿ֧֣ȥҲ϶Ҫܷһأ
ǡ
ޱޱǺĶģ⼸û湻أηزҪغܾãܹѡ񣬵ȻϣޱޱҲɵضǸΥܷǱȫͬˣ۳ǣ
ޱޱ˵ϲϲ漣̻ᣬϣϣҲΪ漣̻ߺͲߣ
Ȼϲһΰҵ仰ޱޱûаٳɷ֣ЩĴιۣѾʶ漣̻ǱˣҾ漣̻δȻͬһ㣡
˵ĶԣһСĹ漣̻Ҳֻʱͷչ˵زǵɲƫһż
ʲô
Ҫı磬ıʱô½Ƕʣÿһʽ츲ر仯Ҫֽһ漣
ޱޱһ֮ɫ
̫ˣĽĳ찡
Ĺ̫ƶ񤣬гһܽɭĵط漣̻ὫиΪ˵ͻȻְڳһ˵ӣ˵ɭϰٸ壬ɱûûзɣضǿɱħ˷ӣǸһҾ֣ƽɭˣ漣̻ԸԻɭֳΪʵĵһǲ֪ԸԸæ
ޱޱһ
ʲô漣̻Ҫȥɭ֣
ɭޱޱļ簡ô᲻Ը⣿
ޱޱÿһ鶼ϣıɭֵ״ֻֻƾǵ
ôͱԥˣھ漣̻ǻۣоɨƽɭֲڻ£ޱޱ򣬡ھ鲿Ǳ߲ҪģžڲԶɭֻúƽ򣬾彫Ҫ
鳤ϴʮ壬ᡭ
壿ҳרθ壬ûи㲻£ٶס죬Ĺ¸һҾȥһ˻ɭ˵ǵģþʽΪ漣̻ѣ
𣿡
㿴ϵ۾һƭ𣿡
ӨӨûԱ˵̫ܲ˽һֻҪ˵ڵ飬ʹûвɵģôѣԷĺˣ
ޱޱԽԽĶˡ
Գ¼һ֪رڴ漣û׼˵Ҳһ
ãҾٶס죡
ӨӨϲߺ̫ˣޱޱҲЦݣĵϲʹԵĵطɭ嶼ֻ̡̫ģһ춼ƣ˵һˣ˻ϣҪʲô
費֪ô룬ĬǶԳľ費ɡ
οޱޱʵǳǿݳǣݳǶһǿϣ
ޱޱΪ̻һԱˣôӦðһְλޱޱô߹ˣǲܡСøһʲôְλأ
Ŷȱˣܸޱޱʲôְλأ
һ漣̻Ȼ׼չɭ֣ôǾһ⿪ҵܰɣְλֻĻ᳤ͬȣô
ͷˣˣ
ãããӨӨüЦӭ漣̻ᣡ
ޱޱɵЦӨӨ¼ԶܸڳµӨӨǳĽԼҪҲܸһһ𴳵ͺˣû뵽ô³ˡ
ޱޱǣ漣̻Ҫȥɭˣ
ޱޱ뵽ܸ漣̻һڻɭƬչ֣;Ѫڰ
Ӧʲôأ
ڲҪκ飬һٴһ㶫Ҫ˵鲿ǰϼһôͱõó޻˵ĶʱֻҪѡնݡþͿˣ
ǣ᳤
Сǰٺˡ
ҩʣ֮ٴʹãһΪʥҩٴƳʮöҩȻòȱҩͲƳɵģҩȴҲѷɫƷʥЧΪ֮콫Ƕߵˡ
С㡢ӨӨʵˣȫ׾ٻصزϹﵽ۷壬ͻƻָտɴ꾡ûͻƣΪҲǸӾһݡ
óرȵǣȻڷøõҩ֮Ϊ˳ӻѾشﵽѾ۷壬ʵѾﵽĺүˮƽˣȷʵһ֮ġ
漣̻ʵһأ
սҲ׼ãھ͵Ŵֹˣ


346 ֮Ԥ
Ǳֹˡ
ݣֿ߱ɱ⣬Ƕգ߰˰ķ֮һսң˶ѡͶЧҡ־ɱ켸ҹǼ۵ĲƸԴȫΪ֮սƷ
ײеĶħԼʱ乥򡢲ݼʮǳأгǧĹΪֹӹ
緢
Ϊ֮ռ̷֮ΪͨͳĹɱ֮ͳҪ׵öࡣϾЩ汲ƬϣԱ޼ԲֱͳΡ
ô
ҲǺܱģ
õԼҪģԸǰѹӲдʣȫ⣬һ˵ں죡
֪Ϊʲôܾóһղû취˯ðȣ
̽ӴϢȷʵӵݣѶǬλڴ׼ĹԿˤһӣ֪ͨǷݵϹᣬ˻ٽ׼֮㱨
֮ڽӼӥʹߣӥʹ߻ӣֻ¶һ˫ϬĿ⣬֮ޱݣҲҪԾô֡
ӥʹȿ佱֮䣺үͳȮּ֣ٹģԴ˸߶ͣսȻúüνν㡣ϣүӥսϷͼɭ֣һһС룬ӥһܹƵҲ˵
֮Щ⣬ֻһ䣺ӥԮ𣿡
үʮվԮӥĴսս߶ǳԾƣʣں֮ڸż翹սҳٶʮԮͺӥžܲӥƱ֣ȴҲǷǳĿվֻ֧ԮѾǼˣүҪΪѣ
֮ЩˣȻĹѾһĹϱ޴ҵĶħ޷ɽˮǧﱼϮսҪپǴģվӲɣ
үδ̫ˣӥʹ߲ΪȻȻħսٻȮֲԭļʮźһͺӥټԮͺӥͨĳǳضѣ²κսһкҲɹƣ
֮һ
үսپȻ޴ҪΪֿǣһ޷ܵģͶӥս̫սӥʹ˵⣬ͻȻֲһ˵Ҳò֮ʱ䣬ôأҲ´ˡ
ӥʹ߽뿪ĿϹɨĿ͸¶ͲмЩͼҲӥĶ֣
үǲʶȤ
ʮͺӥⲻǺô
սԶʮ򼶵ĿվţڶԸһСǴСȻҪԮʮһͳȮ֣սʤսۣӣ룡
֮ʣǲ𣿡
ϹϽ˵ؾʹõرˣǸһܹװ
֮һ˿âȻôСȻϬʽҵͼֽԱ𣿻У˵Ĺ෢һֶǧͨѶ㲥Ӱ죬Щûѳ
֮Ϲƻֵ̿˵Щͼ𲢲ãȫ漣̻ڳڵ豸ը٣ܹҲأʱҲмֵĶ

֮һֱӰϹĵǽϣϹ᲻ҷֻܿͷϷ
֮ϢŭһݣҵõȷϢһȷʵѾӵϷھݣֻҪץסһоͶܵˣ
һۣ͵Ԫǹ˵Ԫը֮ӡ֮Ϊر˭֪֣ȻǾ߱
֮ǳ˷ܣ
װҪӥսʵȻôƵ۾̫ˣ
ͨѹúͿѾﱸ㹻ϥأɣֻҪݣĹĵֿ߽⣬ʱĹ޲ΪֹĸԶΪ֮֡
֮еԥġ
֮λ»ģ֮Ƕǿߣһͷѵָӹ٣ûбδݳͷԣʼ侲ơ
ӹɣĹʣӣȮָסҪ˵ӥսľˡȴ
һǵα
ڶ
ֹȻᾭ޺ȮֲӸóˮսҴĴֻԼֿľɾԱȲĹ޺սֹδֵõˡ
ĹǷ񻹴޴һˮսʹãֻ»ǿɱЧҲǲòİ
ʮɻ󣺡Ҿʵѹƣ֮ʲô
ã̴֮ħأಿ׼ģ
¶ϲɫʵôսǣ
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ǡ
ĹʵҾΨһʤˮϻǣǵľģûӴǷɢǰ׽⣬๥һ󲿷־ӿ˳ǰ
Ŀһ
ֱǰս֮һΪǿ֮ߡ֮˵ҽͺӥŸӲݳݱɽ룬Ϯݳǣ
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ݳôܵס
ĹսܣʵĲԩ֮ȷʵһþɳָӹ٣սиɻģ
ĽǶݳǴսɣ
ݱؾսԺԲƣﵹжʮʵԶԶֹģӲӲûκʤ㣬ֻҪֹӵǰǿ֮£ݱƣ
ֳֹ·ǿе½ݾ㳲ˮأڴֹӲˮսϾ£Ҳֻסһ֧ಿϰ԰Χݳǡ
һѾƽˣ
ο֮սУһϮ֮ߣվӣӱֱԽȺɽϮݡ
䰲ñôҪشֹʮӣ㳲ǲܵģһ㳲ˣݳǿ϶ʮֿ飬вϮ֮£ݳǰٷְٻݡ
ݳˣ޺սƯҲǺģݵݼѾǱȻĽ
֮ӥ۹ү
ô̵ʱֺļƲߣ
ϹĴ˵Ǭ²Ż֮˫ָӹˮƽ֮£ӲʵǾʤΨһأ
֮ȥӰ
֪Ϊʲôһ΢ԤУⳡսǲôף


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ݷչ
һֱ۲ŸݣòսǴٽչǿ߻лĴֹв֮ŽһģֻǶ̶̲ʱǵΪһΣŲسɹҵչҲһǧԴȫ֮£ڲƷЧǰҡ
ǳٶȥֹٸʮ£ôݱȻֹûô׹
ͷ۵⣬ǱĴֹˡ
漣̻µսԷѾȷɭֽΪ漣̻֮أֻǸôƪڳΪ漣̻ͷ⡣
̫ðˡ
Ƿرǿҵ壬ˣԷն⡣ΪҪȡþκ֧֣Ǿͼ֮ģʶ漣̻Ტҽɡ
ֱӰޱޱһضǹޱޱĿǹִɵĸôһ£ΪѣĵӴӶʵ䷴
ʱ˿æʲôأ
óͨѶϵһӨӨ֪ӨӨų졢ޱޱءܵȥʲô͹ȥһԭΪޱޱרſһרʵңڽСʹִʵأ
Ϊޱޱר׼Ŀռоңӽͽɣ˵ʱͻȻֻһתΪĹôС㣬ӨӨǸЭ
ޱޱϲʵвǾ鲿Կģޱޱոձɽ漣̻ᣬôרõʵˣԼݵͬо͸ǿˡ
˵ʲôޱޱȻˣôأӨӨ漣̻ĴʼأֻǸոռˣ
ޱޱѾϰ߳ƺΪˡ
Ȼ͸赱̶ˣ
ҲǿЦѣΪȣСǫã
ǿǡޱޱе㲻˼ͷոֳһƬߺ죬ʮĸ꣬ѧӨӨأҪ˵һʵңһͨоԱҲã
Ǵʵ
ӨӨʱ临Ԫǿѧϰ֪ʶϵĴͨѧߣޱޱӨӨļֹǴСھĻ˼ȥúѧϰޱޱʵ˭Ȳϣ֪ʶͲԶˣ
ˣޱޱСѧƣΪ׼ʵأôģ
ޱޱʮΣҪȻʵҡȲҪˣΪԣҪܵĻܰæ
ô˵ɣʹǾѧʵѧҵҲû̫𣬶߱Ǳʣͨ߱ġޱޱ˵Ƕһ޶ģ顣
ޱޱʱжϡﻩġ
ھ鲿鷳ĴʣԼԱˣû뵽ôο˻𾴵ż
ʲôǱʣ
Ŀռ츳
ҪڸޱޱĶʵǿռϵ֪ʶ
ڶγɵ֪ʶϵµĴѧߣޱޱѧƽƽͨˣûб
ΪʶԼǱҾȸ㰲һСɡһ׿ǳӵͼޱޱռԪͼĵһǽԪɣʱȻҲҵ˼ˡ
ռԪ
˶Ȼһ
ϵԪ󣬷ϵԪ󣬱ϵԪ󡭡ڿռԪֱδŵģ˵췽ҹ̷ռǱһԱյԣҪԪķʽռп
ޱޱŸӵͼֽ˵ʲôܵԪѽ
ޱޱһ񣺡Ҫ̫࣬԰ɡ
ѧˮƽĻԪǾ߱ģѾϸͼޱޱҪĽǶͼ󻭳ѣ龳ʵĵƾʶⲢһѵʱڡ
ԪȻһ㡣
׼ͳͳ3ϣĸ޴ԪɹϵͳΪԪ
Ҫʼˣ
ޱޱСһչʾԼʵԲڹؼʱ̵ѽʶͷųʶǿ˿ȳҪȳǿ󼸷֣ȫɨһͼֽÿһ֮ϸڶԺ
𣡡
ʯ
ޱޱֱʶһרԪʯϻԼʮңһ临ĿռԪ˳ͣ
Ԫʱ𺳣
費һŮˣϳˣ漣̻еļΨһһȫյľ裬ǿѧϰ䣬ںܶʱܹԽǧڵĶѧߡ
ռԪδŵġ
費ûм3ȴûмôӵģɲֺͽṹǳأǴЩ϶ˣǷǵüķ費ɡ
ޱޱ̾˵ҼӵԪˣʲôأ
𼱣һӨӨ˵ӨӨҿԴ
ϣ
ӨӨԪؿأĸԴͬʱͷųǿӵĿռ䷨󱻼֮˲ת˼Ǿſռ䲨ռŤԽԽǿ֮󣬾ȻһڶĿն
ǡ
衢ӨӨоޱޱȴĸоڶĿռṹһȶǿռ䣬ڴװĴռ䣬ţ̫ˣʮɳߣ
˵ʲô۾ɳˣһռ䣡
ޱޱȵͷûҶˣԪãǴһȶǿռ䡣ҴûмôԪ󣬾Ȼܹȶǿռ䣬ռһγˣ͸װûʲôˣ
һװô
ֱϼֵǣ
ĹҲװ
װ֮ԷǳΪװںռĿռϴɣֲϷ½Ҳڳһǿռ䣬ȻӴ
ͷ˵ǿռγɷ΢ǿռ䣬ṩԽǿռԽӴȫּܹռֿ⡣װȣռֿԶԶġ
Ǻǰġ򵥽һ£Ҿٸ˵ͨǿռܽƷɴ͵½κν䡣Ҳζţﴢ涫ȫڴ½һͷǿռ䣬ǴĶȡ
ֹǰ
˵ͨѶʵִ½Ϣôռ似ʵʵĽϵر̺ܿ޴̻ƸΪһƲɵĸ
걸ۻȶ쿴ޱޱСҪ츳ҹͬΰļռоҾΪ˶Ըݹ𣿡
ޱޱ˵ˣ
ż漣̻һ찡
ôҪļǶޱޱεȵӣޱޱĸоһܸı½Ļᣡ


348 ս
һ񣡡
ޱޱͦñֱǵͨ죬İ
һޱޱѾȫԼĽɫˡ
׼ޱޱ漣̻һռ乤ʦ
ӨӨΪܸԪ꣬Ҳܾ߱ռֻʵĹϵûа취뵽ռֻṩһЩЭԴȡʱ걸Ŀռֿ⡣
ޱޱôܲ˷أ
ԶĹ˱طΣգڿȫֵõģ
һʧˣͻȻ֮ҵĿ꣡
ޱޱһܹԱǧʷû̫Ȥ츣ǲܾܾġ
һռֿһã˿϶һ
ʱҾͻڲｨһռֿ⣬þᵽռֿĺôʱ˭˵лأϾԾ˵ռֱֿλðĺöѽ
岻ϲӴֿıƷʣǰǺġ
ڲһˣ
岻ظ򽻵ֻҪпռֿͨѶ豸δʲôϻʣֻҪһͨѶ벦ȥٰ㹻Ԫʯŵռֿ⴫͹ȥžܴӶԷյˣ
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ƻþڶزۣ÷ḻԴ뾫壬þӸԣǿӷḻ
ٹŰϾҲܾĺ£
ޱޱҪǴٳɾΪһռ似ߣͻΪʷĹ֮һˣΪߣܹûзӦ֮ǰȸǿ
ޱޱٲؼҵˣ
ھ㸸Ҳߣ
ޱޱųĿ⣬ֱһ飺û뵽ռ䶼ܴ죬ϻ첻𣿡
ȻҲԼԪڴǿռ䣬ֻڽÿռѡٺһЦȻСĳ˺ãǳ컹бҪռռƼ֪ʶȷʵа취ռ䣬ԪԶԶﲻռ䴴ĿģֳֻܹɵĿռ䡣
裿ʲô裡
ռޱ£վһһϦȻпգҾ͸΢һƤëɡָŵϿռԪ˵Ԫһռ䣬ʵʲǴռ䣬ֻǲ׽һǿռãǿռʹڵġ
콫ռ۽ˡ
ԭһ޴ݣ֮ĴݱСݣЩСݻγɸλ档
ÿһСиϸ΢ݡ
΢ݼܷɳĿռṹЩĿռ䱻ֲ׽ܹ֮ɸؾɽšǣ΢ݣΪǳϸСĹϵܷȫĿռ䷨Բܸġǿռ䡱
ռֿһǿռļ
Ԫץҹ̶ǿռ䣬ǿռͨӶʹǿռ䴢
ԭ
˻Ȼ
ȻĿռѧ֪ʶǶ˵ʵ̫ǰˣǷ·һȫµ磡
Ϊǿռ䱾ǴڵģԾرԪǴƷҲʧҪȡʱٴ򿪾ǣ
Ըпһְȫļ
ովͷˣǿռάֹУҪķǳӴĸһĹ롣˵ԴɱϵͣҲܲסôʹð
Դʧͻᵼ¿ռֿĻҲ̫ȫˣһϮϣռֿĶǶҲˣ
ԭ֮
ͳ׷ˡ
ռƼһɹôӵзǳʹÿռ䣡
˵ǳˣвҪ⡣
ӨӨ󲻽⣺ҾʮΪʲôأ
ؽ˵һƯڼƵǿռ䣬Сͬв죬Դֱٻôͳȷԣβ׽ռ䣬´β׽ľһռ䣬ܾ׼ʶռ䣬ôͺˡ
ԭˡ
ôڶأ
ڶΪԺ룬ǱǷٻ֣ǵĿռֿⱻ˵ÿȻϺ͸϶ǲܲǰ׼
ռ似ǾͱȻ߾ȫΪռ似֮ǰļǰóļֻǵͶ˼ȫҵõ߼Ψռ似޷ĳ߶˼
ռƼ̺޵ĿԣǴԲٵġ
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ޱޱΪпռ츳Ǿ鹫ҲȽϵָ漣̻սĿ꣬Ƿϸģ
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ޱޱͨ졣
оѪҺڷڣ
½һռ乤ʦ
ҾҪΪ½ϵһռ乤ʦˣ
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侲侲漣̻Ҫ϶ϣôҪļһ˰ɣ
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ɶ
ɶ
Щ飬ʲôʱãȴƫƫڱҪʱңҷǵðȫȥɣ
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ôԣѾ漣̻ˣޱޱľΪ鵷ң漣̻⣬׼˵Ѹٴ˵Ҫ˵ˣһҪһȥ飬ʵޱޱһֱ飬޲ðȫźã
ޱޱǿƱʾҪμս
Ȼ֮ˡ
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ΪһȺŮɣ
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ޱޱеġ
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һսУɹܾ壬״½ľ̳屾ΪȡλʱͻȻһμӵĽС
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ʷĹϵ鼫ӣޱޱСĿȾټӻɭͷƻ͵ӣޱޱ۾аǴ½ϵĺ棬ǵͼ̵ֱӦ
ȻҲûʲôøУΪ̰ɫ˷°ӾŮ˵Ѿˡ
ݵʱۡ
漣̻˵ˡ
ޱޱڣҶ·ֹ˫ţֵװվ൱кĿǬȻҲע⵽ˣĿ΢΢һҲûжʡ
ֹѾҾӦ֮ߡ
ġ˵ҾԪģﵽʮϣԪըԪţֻװݽӣˮضԷ¹˭ֻ˵ء
κԲӣȮֱﵽʮ򣬼㳲£ս֮ľɡҷıʮȫԵΪתˮʦս޴פʮսǿԺԲơݣҷãսκơ
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Ͳϲ̨棬սһá
һλϸȫͳ˧ַܲ˫ǿơǬŹǽϵϷͼ֮ôȻˮӲƴ᲻ϧһֶεǰͨóĵսľӡûв´Ļֹӿ϶;Ȼѣȫͬ߱ƽкأ½սʤ
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ǿвӡ沿ӽԿ⣡
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ˣǹⲻ᣿ǿվ½Ȳ϶Էȴһ֧ˮ²ӣǴֹԲ߱ġ޺սĹĵ̣ʮװ漣̻ұ֤ȮʮûǰʮˣŷݳǣҾͲŴֹܹݣ
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˵ΪȷȫһһЩ漣̻˸ءϹӨӨޱޱǾݰɣ
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Ҵ;ڴˡ
ʮĹʿۼڸۿڡ
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ʮ򼲷뿪սҡһ䣬ΪˮԾӷǳ˽⣬ʮ˴Ǿ֮ˣڴսǱȽҪı֡
ʮУ֮һ䱸Ԫǹеû䱸Ԫǹеձ鶼װ
ˡ
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ܹһٶܡ
ܴﵽǧף
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ΪսҪƻ֮һܶԵоɴΧɱˣֱӴݻٴֹľ
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ŹâԪڣ̶ڳ콢֮ϣԪ漣̻Ϊֹǿ¶ͬʱĿǰҲֻڶѣݣŴ˳ȥĴɱ
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һŽݽӳĹϣݸۿڻ޺ʻˡ
Ÿ콢װϴ磺һû뵽Ҳдʱ򣬴Сأ
ɨһۣʲôϴôΣգǻǻˣ׼֣ҲǻˣС
ٺ٣ãվž⣺̵ģʱ򱨳ˣ֪ͨϴǱ𣿡
ģѾͨѶܲϴѾ֯һǲӣǰֹˡ
ͷϣƯ㣬ܸʡ²
֮ôô̵ʱﲻܳ˽ʵ֮һ鷳


350 ը
ǧﾫŰվСϣÿλڱһ󱳰һԲĶĴС漣̻ᾫƵˮը
վǰֶ࣬ϴǳվ룬ĿɨˣҾԴӺ漣̻֮󣬶̶µʱͻͽôԴʵѾΪĹһİɣĹΣѣ漣̻ҲܵǣǷõʱˣ
˶ʱ׼Ч
ʱ漣̻Ҷʵʵߣÿһ˶о漣̻ᾪǱֻҪ漣̻ȥÿһ˶ܻĹδ
һһپ١
ĹĹͷһ漣̻㣬漣̻һ¾㣿ֹǹͬˣ
ͬģͬսɱ⣬ֻܷһ
ֹӵִڣ
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ǧˮǧ˾ޱȵ㣬ֱǱ㼸ˮסͰ޺ˮ׻͸ˣΧһƬˮǾΪֹرѡġ
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Σˮ׵θӣʯܲʺڻдУȮָֿۡҲ޷ˮеľڡ
ﶼӵѪͳʿʿҲܳＸСʱˮףежˮ׽Уܹȷһʧ
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ϴǱںϿȥʱֻľڰĺˮУԼԼгɰǧĺӰŲޱӴ󣬼ֱ𾪡
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ڷ׷׸ȫʼͷжףӱ󱳰֮УȡһԲ״ըըһӣ俪ײҵι̶
Щ峤׵Ĵʹÿ벼ĸըСһĲ֪ըеȴ벼һöСʹʣ֮¾֪ը
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Ѿ񣬿ըʱըܣ뿪Ƭһжֹ֪ȻǰͦȫȻ֪һŻѾڽŵˡ
ǰֹưӣڴаںϵĳƺƵݷͦ
֮ģƮڴ֮ϣɰǧĴֻһȺµľޣ
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Ϲᣬȫװվڼװϡ
һ˫źڱȮվԣõͳĿ˵ҾгѾӽһ룬ĹҲѾ𺽳˶Ǹִ֮ķֱˡ
Ȯǿߡ
֧Ψһǿߡ
ϹᣬǿܰˣȻʩȫ֮½У龳ȮǸȫǼӶˡʲôСȮֱӽնɱ
Ȼǳˬʲô취أĲòȮֵͷ
̴ӣսſʼ룬ȫǰ̲½
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ˮӿˮȷ·С
ǰһ̻ƽ˾ĺ棬Ӳһ˵ĺХ
һǧұըÿһը漣̻ᾫƵģĸ˲䣬ܹ쳬ǿºͳȮûκ׼֮£͵Ŀըɵġ
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Ȯֽһ˲ȫ߽⣡
䵽ˮʱֻΧˮھҷڣôʱͷų˸ǿˮѾˣˮڳ𣬼ǺüʮﷶΧ
ҽڷˮʬķãŻ㡣ʲôҲ壬ȫκκѾûˣ
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ΪʲôȫԼըˣ
ζŷǰʵǰһ̻ݺɨµĴת˲ͳȫ˲أĹȴӰӶûţô÷

ֹû뵽ǰܵ漣̻ϮΪ۲޸۵ɳȴǾﾫ
ܲ޺룬ԾֱܲжôȻ𵽳ϵЧ
Ȯֽܴʱ
ԶԶ۲⵽⣬¶һ˿ЦݣýӰڿ󣡡
Ҵֳſһкڷţװ棬ȫֳֹǹе֣Ŀȫ׼ǰһЩƳںͷ
ڶŴʳ״ȫŰǰŴֻ϶ƺֻҪһ£̾ͻᷢ档
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ǰ󲻽ʣôֹͣǰˣ⣬󾡹ȶȴԼԣһԷ͵ϮӦ
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ԶԶȥʱͻȻĿһͣʲô
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ѵʱ
ͻȻһʪůӭһС꣬ˮȵġ
ǡ
ɫԽԽˡ
ͫȻһʲôɽһа׸ߵĳХ
Сģ
ˮǵɨ
ҿǰѾê̶ɾ޴ХȻʮͣǲûиĹ̫ʧ
衢ʪˡ
漣̻õŮڳǰʪǰ͹̻Ȼɣó۸
ĿɿڴĿǰһУһ䣬Ҳ̫˰ɣ


351 սħ
޺籩꽵ٵľĹҪǰ׼Ҳѱܵʧ
ôԶܵ˷粨
ôڱըĴֹʲô
Цˣˣ̰êͲ䣬һſȫǰǰһڵզʰȫϣΧס
ĹжҾųһţһΧֹλÿԼ˰ʱ䣬ֻϳִƬ
ѵΦˡ
ļװ塣
ġ
Ȯʬ壬ˮ򣬻кܶȮսʿƴľۼһ취Ư
ιιõ𣿡ùһȣͨȴ棬ȻܹԷݾԮӵĶӳ죬Ϊ˵﷢شѣǧԮû뵽ôأǲżͰǽʹ࣬ڹ׼
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ļһȻôɵİֶΣ
ɶҾ֪ɵģʮǱվһҵ׳ľϣΧۼٸȮʿ⽫׼ŭ֮ŭӥ۹ûܾ㣬͵űɣ
۲һ
Ϲᣬͽ˵ˣȻţ˶ĹɽӱȽ˽⣬֮ͳȻʲ컹һ龳ȮǿߣֻһѣҲΪǣϾȮִѾˣôܻз֮
֮ڣ
Ǭ²˿
֮Ȼͬʱչ·ֹһͨˮ·˱һÿռᴩɽ͵Ϯǣ
ƻǺõģ
Ĺʮֱ赲ֹӣҲûסǣܹסǣô;Եס֧ʮ˵ľӡݳݼǰ϶飬ֻʱĹϵˡ
ֻǣô׵
ֹʹһӣֹʮ±ˣ⻹ô棿Ÿոտʼأ
ŴȽźλ׼һŶ
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ƲиֳȻʮҾ޴漣ͧ
ÿ漣ͧԱ߶һСʨʿڻ漣֮ͧ󣬴ը㣬ϵǽһƬĴֹͶȥ
һһٴ޺
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Ҵ
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ɲ֮䡣
ܼⵯͺӥʿ
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֮£Ȼ𷴿ˮֱιȥͼǿжȡĹľ
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
漣̻ԱһκӴ򿪡
Ȼ䳲ṹķڣ漣̻Ա䰴ťһһըֱ𣬷ǳܼˮϣ˲һը
̫ˣ
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ֱһߵɱ
͹ʱǳ̣ûֹκηӦʱ䣬ƵȮսʿȥȮչʾشֹսʿҲǷǳ뺷ȻˮǷζǰ壬һԪǿеֵϧһдҪȥᴬ
Ȯʵǿ̫ˣ
ЩȮָвʿ֮Σգ˲ܴⰡ
ǾԽԽˣ

Ĺַⵯͼʸˮˮ鷢һɱȮ屾ǱҳһƬﻹܵҶܼĹԽԽˣȮѪѺ涼Ⱦûǡ
ʱ
𣡡
ˮһȮǿߣ
龳˫ָһѳ͵ǰȥ貵⿳ʱ涼ֿˣϰ׵ľ룬ھϡ
䣡
һƬĽӶˡ
һҾֱأ
޲ݡ
кüʮ׵ĳȣһ¥ûӴ󣬾ҲǼޱȣȻܹһնˣ治Ȯ֡
ɱȮʿȮЪ˹ŭ𣺡ƴˣ
Ȯ˲أԽǾ֮£Ա
һȮǿƴתԪԽˮ棬źƯƬ̤аٱܣһȺˮ֩㣬Ĺľ
˵Ұ޹ȻΣյģ
ЩѾøͬھ׼ˡ
ʮȮսʿ㸹һϣʣȮսʿҪȫϮвȻǲСġ
С㣬Ԫڣ
ڵȴˣ̿콢ϵԪڣԪ죬ֳ֮ɫ⻬ϵģṹǳܣƷ
㣬ڵ
һöֱۻֵڵ
콫ԪڵУԪڱ·ʱâһۺޱȵۣڿλųޱҫ۵Ĺâ
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ǺԷģ
ԪǳǿֻһѻᣬΪһʧһΣöԷͽ䱸ĻֱȻѶȱԱһγɹ
ĵƣȼ
ʶԷ͵ؼԪڣһľУտյڵǱһİɫâǰ㣬ʣ˺գԳٶȣ˲龳ǿϡ
죡
̫ˣ
ȮʱѾ̫٣ɫâһɨʱİ嶼ʧˡ
һλ龳ǿߡ
ȻԷֵһɱ
˸ɴ䣬㲻ˮֱëȻ
زȮָɵۣĹʿҲţСٹǿ߶ûмÿһ龳ǿУǼֱû̫ǿޱȵĴڣڳòʱһϣ
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ڵţûиȮ̫׼ʱ䣬̽ڿڶ׼һηڹ緢ǿһ⣬һö˶
ˣ
ǸߴＸʮȵĿ¶ȣ˲ͰѺˮһƬֲڶαը԰ټƵȮսʿڱըɥ
ؾ͵սʿҲñˣ
ЩȮָʿУˣһħһµսħһпɱ¾ħ


352 ѹ
Ѷ
ֹɾ
һըʱʮ󼸲ըֱɵʮʮ򣬴ǹеͳըָɵʮ
ʮģĳš
ڻʣ¶أ
Ȯָ嶼ֻ֮£һʤ㶼ûУŵ㶼ûУ˼ǰδŵĴɱԪ֮£߽Ȯָʿġ
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ˡûб⿪ȫɱҪ²ȫɱ⣡
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353 ݹս
ݳǱɽ룬ҵ֣ɽֱǧμ˸ܲޣûһȫͨǾḻӶҲͨУ˵Ƶĵ沿ˡ
ΪһȻϸ뱱û˻Ϊֹܴӱ
˿̾ݲһɽ֮ϣӰɽɽͺӥ޸̾ˣֹĺɫӭƮսʿ˸ĺâ
ĸȮʱˣǿʼְɣ
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ֻҪݣľǴֵģǽӵū
֮ԶԶݳǷ򣬡ݾɳһ޺ս˵ԷָӹѾ㵽ҵĲݳӦϮĳ
㵽ôԷǶǬôװ㣬ƾʲôʮģԱսʤֻþԵʵȮǵҲ֣Ҳô⣬һ߶˵Ľ߶ʧȥĹսͺӥܹ߰˴ӿжֹʵһ´߽࣬ݳڲʿ֮󣬴ٵǰ֮սһƽģ
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֮ðһΣԳһֻͺӥڿնܿʹȥˣͺӥս״̬ÿһֻͺӥ޶սʿ·ϲϵ

׳ͺӥһƬѹѹƣصݳǶȥʱ˿ݳ÷׼ˣȫǵĳ񶼱ɢؼңĹӷֲڴָλʱ׼š

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֮±·ȮԳͺӥʿӨӨ˷Ϯ


354 ޱޱ
ȮϮ漣̻ᣬǬӲܣԪ軯ΪһŲѪƵĴ󹭣ԪڹҾ۳ֻ֧͵سһ䡣
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Ǭûиֹ֮ڸܵѹϢΪ֮٣
ųֽ⻯һսףǬһѳϢı˽ӵһ׵Ǭͷŵֵ֮ƾ˵һ

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Χƺγһǿ
֮ǿ˼ԪײĦ׵磬еʣ޲ǿԪ籩ˣ
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ǰ̫ǰչ¶ݣĹͶ֪һСæˣôɭ̾ͻõϢ漣̻᲻
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ޱޱɭԸǿҲˣֹ֮ȷʵе㼬֣ʵޱޱĶ֡

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һԶӰ죬ռԽԶȷȾԽ͡磬ޱޱҪÿռָпʮһˣܹ׵ŴһЩѶˣٷŴһǧ׾׼ȾͺܲˡΪռȫƾʶλԽԶʶԽλԽ׼
ڶǿռȶӰ죬ռȶ̶ҲӰ쾫ȷռȶģռԽǿôռͻܵ𵴶òȶޱޱԿ˷ɵĸţôĹͺѴ򵽶Է
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ޱޱӵԵһḻսʿһʤ˵أȻޱޱƾռ츳ߺףǳĵһҪʧˣôȥأ


355 ն
ôֻԳ̵Ĺˣ
ޱޱǿռԵ츳ΪûҵʵĹֻԪ걾пռսսʽȽϵһѿ˲ơռиֱ¶ǽиռĻ֮ϡ
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һ׹۳ɵļ̣͵ޱޱϣʱޱޱ岨һ£״ֱӴޱޱؿڹᴩȥҫ۵ӱ͸

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״̬κκιǱףޱޱڣӿռ汻ԽӴޱޱûа취ޱޱκ˺ͨռ֮ذȴԽռ䷢𹥻
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ޱޱһչԪꡰռ֮ذĹԣ˴򲻵Դˣʵﵽ˾㤵ĵزЩͬŸֻбɱ
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Ȯֲԭֻӵ֮۳ɴֹֹһʧȥϵ֮쵼ô˲ֻصȺ׸ԸֵȮ׶Σ
֮ˡ
ȮֲԭҪصǰ
ˣˣȮûսıҪˣ˷ѱݳǣͷڲԭ̣֮ɱֹͬˣ
ô
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ȮոտΧռһŤһֻεͼסҲնһ
ã
ȮͼȴѾˡ
ޱޱ˲ѿȮߣ˲䷢ռնõն룬ŰӶûͣһʧԱߡ
̫ˣ
ȮѾʶĹһܲݿռ䡣
Ҵ⣿
˳ͷԪΧռ䲨ԼҲ·ƶԹܱռץסӶֵռǿߵ͵Ϯ
ޱޱ޵
⼸һﻹƻ
ޱޱ˿׷ȥ˸ˡûа취ѾзޱޱҲһֻ֣÷һ뿪ˡ
ս۴ʤ
оȫû
պյ֮ٵλȮȫ
ĹסϷ֮ɵˣ˻Ի͵սĹ˶ݺݵüһ
ʱ޺ִһޱĵϢȮֹսԼʮģȫߣ
ȫߣ
Ȼȫߣ
Ĺ֪Ϣʱ򣬼Լǲǳˣ
Ŷʮ˳Уһȫʮоֱ漣սҾⳡ޺֮սȮֲԭҲûˣ
Ķ˺üʮ򾫱
ȮҲʮӢ
Ȯֶȡһݣȴɵֵ
⿴˥֣ʵֹѾ߱ʲôвˣĹʱոʧءɵֹӥսʱû֮ǰǬҲðȻ򣬱һ̼ӥӶӥϧһд۵ķ񱨸
ӥս
ĹһְֹӥָɵɱˣñǱΪĴֹѸ˥ܣӥսʲȥΪһǿʢޱȵս϶ǳǿһҪģôľԻԱȴֹǿʮ֣
εֵأ
ӥսΪҰĲսͬʱ濪ս򿪿ذͼ벻ΪһССĹʦڡοĹֹܴĹаĺܣǶǬʲǻıл֮ɭĳЩ֧֣ӥսȻͶûгֵǰδ֪ĵˡ
ĹȻһ׼ʱ䣬ֻʱ䳤ĿǰԹ⡣
֮ĹΣԶԶûнǬΪ飬רټ飬ʱǿķΪӥӦ׼
ѧ߹ǧ￪˵ĹСԴƶ񤡢ϡش˵ؾ漣̻ҲԶԿӥֽǰסģĹ˴ģĶԪҹһھͻᴫȥʱ򲻽ӥսҲԴ˸Ȥ
ĵĵط֮һ
ԪĹֿӥսΨһȴҲΪĹµֻϾԪʵ̫ˣһңֻҪʮ
Ҫ˵µ۹ܸȤģ
ʱĽҪԵĽӥпܻ½ǿвĹα漣̻أ
ŲŲν˼䣬ҪԿʵвʲԷǲеġǧ﷢Ϊⷢչ
ѧǬ΢΢ף֮޷ǰ޸֮أΩϷܹðһԡֻǸݱ֪ϷɭоʮָȴŴеٮٮѷɫսĴڡĹ̫ˣðȻУ»ᱻ̵ͷʣΪβأ
һӥܰĹƳڵˡ
ɭĶǿɸѷɫսɭгһӴ۹ǱʺԴ˸֮أĹһԴҲԴʹĹˣȷʵǿĹʵһֺð취
ֻǡĹֵط
ĹУ漣̻ԣվ˵漣̻ɭ־׵öˣ
⵹ǣ
վһҡ
Թݽͽȥ̻ᱻߵıǩʱȻ⵽ԵֿĴѹ漣̻ͲһˣɭַǳңΪҹϵ̻½в˶Ըգų̶Ȳߡ
漣̻ƷڻɭǷǳоƵģ


356 Կռֿ
漣̻ͻͽչ˼£Ĺ廷Ѿûа취ټɳˣԱѶһȫ»Ѱͻơ
ʱ˿̵ĹҲܲڲʮⲿΣأпԴѰϣǿԸȴ㶯ù
֮£Ĺ漣ֵ̻ģֻҪĹ֧̻ɭ֣ô̻δܰѷḻԴĹĹҲڻɭֽԴӵԼһϯ֮ءʧܣǳǰ漣̻ܵش죬ĹҲܼʱС
ʲôɲһأ
䲼飺
һߴκ辡쵽ΣķѾһˡ豻Ϊκ֮ͳΪο赽ȥ˳µġ
ڶΪռݣһʱҲ᲻Ĺδø߶ȿϷŷḻԴƣڽΪĹҪ㡣㾡ٹ֮ϷȣΪȷЧʣ쾫ʮ򶽴١
ĹҲɭΧĵطԿݵΣʵܸ漣̻ṩѡ
֮漣̻Աͼο漣ǰδеĴң첻ݴŶӣ漣̻ᴢԴǮҲһһϷ䡣⣬漣̻ŶǬıš
ʮ˱š
ȫǼ
ǬĹо񶼽ˣ
ĵһλһսȮʮµĳ죬ĹԸϵݣ漣̻ʵȨ᳤ܻԷַݿܹͳݾţĹѾܱˣ
ݳûݳǸ⺷ȫ䣬ܼ˵Ӱݸݱǰӭӡ
ݼ
ݼκ
ʿǹڵϵʱﶼһЩŹֵĸоֳ˶μӹΧݵս
ǰ˭֪ô̵ʱҡһΪǳΪݿݶΪ£˱仯޳겻Ѱ
漣פ֮ȫԴŲӿΪ漣̻ῪݼһѾ˻ռҩʼ漣ŵʵ
ܿ졣
ӨӨȵһȺԻʿüżƷʥҩ֮ȫ˳ʿʵձ鶼ﵽصˮƽ
쵱ȻҲܿԼڶ̶һܵʱʹüöƷ2ʥǳɵĿԽһΪӶԾﵽѰΪʵ漣ڵԴѴҵʵҵĸߡ
ʱҩʵֻ̫࣬߶ҩԣӶڽĳɳ˳ȻһʣԴꡢȻѾ۷ϣΪͻƵ龳
ǰĶӶȻѾǼ漣̻ᣬ콫ΪŵĳšȻ츳ѷɫǺӣܺúһ£δһǿߡ
Դ߲Ա֮ࡣ
漣̻᲻еͲԱķչ
ʱںĵԴϰڽҶֹԵ˵ҲСĿˡĹûĸڶ̶̼ôԴ
漣̻Դٶ̫죬䣬ټǰսҹϵĹ۷ǣгһʥҩ۸Ҫǰһ࣡
Դ˺ں
ǵͼң뿪Ĺûˣ촴漣̻᲻ΪռԴͳɳôûǮʱͻǮ漣ֱ̻ʶĹƻ⵹ҲĿǷΧڡ
ڵҪǽռֿ⡣
ΪݱȽҰ󣬸ֻʮ漣̻ҪԴˡվ̫ˣҪһռֿ⣬ôԴͷˡ
رڽɭ֮
漣̻ĴӿͧܲڻɭҴܽԴ⣬漣̻οɭأ
ָޱޱ衢ӨӨˣȫ濪ռֿĽƻΪռ似3ԪƼǾ߱ռǿ޷ֽ׶ֻޱޱֱܹӽʵʳ
衢ӨӨ߱ǿѧϰҪѧϰɬӵĿռ֪ʶȻӨӨѧϰһ㣬ӨӨԪģԪ꣬һӨӨҲΪռ似ҪоԱ֮һ
һоﱬ
̫ˣǿռɹ
ޱޱϲ㵸ʮʱ䣬ޱޱһǿռӡϿռ侫ӡǡһǺűע󣬽ѡԽǿռٻҲͱÿٻǿռ䶼״̬
ޱޱӨӨأҲеܣȱп̫ˡʵֻҪռֿܹˡ
ǿռǳɹҪпռˡ
漣̻3Ԫ׽ǿռ䣬ռŽΪһǧңʹһҵһǧ׵ǿռҲͶˣȻѰװ˵ѾǴûߣǶһֿռǲ̫õġ
ο
ǿռ
оڱǵǿռ䣬״һ鲻ıƽ߶ȶܴߴȴߣ͵طʮסĿռôأǳ㣡
ȻγɵǿռģԿռǳҪޱޱΪ漣̻Ŀռ乤ʦλͱǿռС£ģǽռĹ̡
ޱޱ˵ռֿ״ǽǸϣһ߶Ϊ10׵ռ䣡

ӨӨޱޱһɬ
һĿռĳ壬Ǽ׵鰡ޱޱƣӨӨҲҪøոѧռ֪ʶ͹ʽд㣬һ
Ҫ岻ô
Ҫ壡
첻ǹΪǣռƼһǳӵļһ3ռֿⶼãôָԺ󿪷߶˵ĿռƷأ塢塢嶼ǿԵģǳҪϸһ㣬ҲΪĥǵĿռ似
ޱޱǶ־ʮ㣺û⣬һ壡
ͷôȽһοռʵɣ
˶¶ϲɫռֿòãȫʵıˡռֿôѸ٣ôڴ½һĴ
˵֪ͨţһǧѳǹ
ãóһЯͨѶ̲ŵͨѶ룺ιȡһǧ֧ǹռʵңǽҪпռʵ飬Զԣȱô࡭
ҶͨѶ
ʱ̵ݲֿһǧ֧Ԫǹÿٰװһ䣬ʮǹе͵ռʵҡ
Ԫ󣡡
ʵҰշǵǿռ䣬ǰһһͳͳǿռ棬ͬʱȫǼ¼ʵݡ
ʮǹеȫװռֿ⣡
ԪתȶԴٶһ
¼ռֿⴢƷ󣬿ռֿӣʱȷġ
ŵоԱʵݲɼ̹֮رԪͬʱͨѶ衣
ǱѾӻ֣ȡɣ
ǣ
ӨӨļİ¿ռֿİť
̼ͷų۹âܹĸоδ򿪿ռֿĵǰεĺüֹԾٶ˥ˡ
װػ֮󣬿ռֿܾͻô
ʱԴǳۣ⵹Ҳ̫ɱȴԼһƷʣҲһưɣȫܹա
ޱޱӨӨæóʮӣÿһӶģû˿𻵣һٰѳǹţռûУ
ۣӨӨشǲζţҲʱԵݿռˣ
ޱޱСǵͨ죺˵ݵռǾ彨ռֿ⣬ÿóǸݺüƷľ̲裬͵ҵʱ򣬱֤Ǹոݺáڵأ
̲סһЦ
Ѿͷ֪Ժȣ
ɿռֿĿռ书ȷʵкܴǰǱ


357 
漣̻βԣвɼʵݡյóۣռֿǳȶܴ塢⣬ûرơ
ռֿⲻ𻵴Ʒзֹá
⣬ռֿάֹУҪĴģĶֿⴢءղͣԽ࣬ľͻӾ磬Ʒйϵ
̫̫ߣ̫ǿռֿĽǳӴʱĸδռȱեˣӶᵼ¿ռֿ⿪ʧܡ˵ֵǮɽҲڵģ˿ռ̵ֿУһҪϸ˽ֿӶⲻҪʧ鷳
ǿռֿṹǿռֿܣֿ軨Ѵʱ侫ȥƣһСḶֻ́һռ乤ʦ漣̻ᣬһСս
ޱޱԴ˺Թԣúҡ޿ӳɾռֿⲻޱޱһҵһﵮƷ޲þԼȫľƾ
ޱޱӰӵ㣬衢ӨӨæ
ռֿȲ죬ȴһƶš
ֻǣռʵҵĴԽԽ٣ûĲʲôȥˡһ֪ǧһȺͷڵоǹҩ﷽ġ
̫˽죬һﲻ֮¡ȻҩôȻԭҩʲôĵط
漣̻ĳܹ֪ܲ漣̻ᷢ飬Եо¼鿴ҩɷ֣ȷҩ䷽δţѡѪҺֲϣƳһֽѪҩĶʲôأ
ԲΪҩ߱˽ⶾĹЧ
̲סҵ죬һģռʵҵȵ˹ؼʱ̣㲻ȥæҲˣоʲôϡŹֵĶѵͲ׼һ𣿡
ͣͰ
漣̻Ҳϴһϰļƣ
첻һڲ裺ýɭǰһؽأ
ˡ̻һҪ⣬ҪҳһҪģǲ֪ĸˡ跴һ䣺ǡ
ȱһ֧Լǿӣ
ʵ漣̻Ƽִ˵ѾǳȽ˵ͣһ£漣̻ȱͬǰĹûʲôоһɭֵطġ
ü˵ǲԪ𣿡
ԪҲҪݵġ˵Լ⣺أ׼һ֧ӣ
漣̻»ȪӶŹģﵽˣʵֲȪӶŵĳԣֻΪ漣̻ڸزҵ漣̻ҵ̵̫㣬ضҪפһӣӶһɢҲûʣˡ
аʮ񲿷־һңҲû漣̻ṩЧġ
ڿĶʮ
ĹѪҲȷʵһ֧ľţվ漣̻ᰡοڻɭֻ޷á
ɭָĹͬɭһƬ޷Ļ֮أû㹻ǿʹûɭô»û̻Ὺʼתжͱˣ
еȤô׼ôأ
ʱ򣬳ͨѶˣЩˣͨѶͺĳԱ֪һûʲô£û˻˭֪£ҪҲ衣
Ϲƽ죬²Ǳǿˣ
ǿ漣̻᣿ⲻǹô
ھ׵漣̻ᣬ˿̸رǻʵĵһȨ漣̻ɱʲô
ûڣ輱æʣϹ˵ʲôô£
Ҳ֪ɽܳһˣϮǵĹ̲ӣϹüٽһ飺Ǽͳʵڰ㡢ʵ㶼ץˡʵ㱻ץǰͨѶϵң˵ʧأ˰
ǰԭʼҰĵشǴϷǨģ뺷ǿᣬη壬Ҹ̻ͷ°ӳ̶ӡ
ķʱһһԿĲԣһļԼľʵһ߶ݾȥѹˣǰάƽ⡣
漣̻֮˽⵱Ȼ֪ΣСҲû̫
û뵽ǡ
ļһôۣ
嶾ݷչȻ衣վ˵жʮ򼲷βλһ˵
ʮ򼲷ֱӸȮɱǿţĹķԴ;ġЩ˵׾ǵײÿҲͼǧ˿ڣ޷赲ĳɱ
ģֱ̫ŭһӣϹȴٸʨʿ°ҰҲҪҲǸ岿ıӵȻ漣̻ᡣȥϾ͵첻ЩһѵͲ֪˭Ƭصˣ
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СһЦװͦҲ㱻ƭȥˣ
ȣСγԣ
ûв´漣̻ûб٣ȫԵݵĺϷԲԣ
С㣬˵Ҫ֤ݰôֱˣôᵼİϷأ
һۣ漣̻汻ˣƢðɲŹ֣ôҷϻУϹưҰȥңͷ˱ץϹҵʣŹ֣СҵĿ꣬ΪʲôãƫƫҪִ취
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С겻ǰ裬ǿۿֻҪһŷΧСҵһȺĽٷˡϹֱӴʨʿȥ˾ȳǣαظô鷳أ
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ǳԵݵĺϷ
˵С㲻ǼǻһŮӣʲôƭ㰡
ƭҡ
ݼ̫ˣ
Ҳãý˻չʾչʾ⣬ݹ嶼˭Ƭϴ
漣̻Ϣɢĵǣȫ˶֪漣̻ᱻϮҪĸ߹ܳԱץߣֵǷꡢ·˽֪
ԼСʱ󣬶ʮУÿһΪһӣֳܹɶʮ֧飬֧ţƺƵܲȥˡ
ݿݵʮݾżӳֻΪ⵽һͽ٣漣̻Ȼʦڷʮ˹ģľ񲿶ӣ
ʷϾ޽У
ݹ屾뿴һЦʶ漣ֲ̻һȫŵɫ԰ףҲ̫ˣ˭ҪǸ漣̻һ£ǿ˲ͻᱻʣɣ
ʮƺƵӿ˲֪ܲ
嶼ըˣ쾪ۼǸǧĻ쵰漣̻Ȼ
漣̻᲻һ֪Ͼ漣̻Ӱ̫ˣжһյ漣̻ĵΪ٣Ȼ֪漣̻жôǿ󣬵ƽ޹ʾȥôһ
ãĹǿļ
ʮӣǸϽӰɣ
ɶĸɵģû۾𣿿ҳ࣡
ˣˣѾǰΧˣڰһ򾡰
һȹת
Լֱһ


358 
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漣̻оԼ׼Ĵ㣬԰ల£ûд֡˭֪ƫƫͷһ֧ûסȥˣ
˵̶ͨҲˣ
ﰵﶼڸɣֻҪ̫־ͲҪ˭֪һȺƫƫϮ漣̻ὨͨѶʩĹ̲ӡ˵Ҳˣƫƫɱ漣̻Ա°漣̻߹Ա
ⲻô
ˣˣˣ
һ峤æͲԱԲߡ
һŹεվ˵βһ˲壬ûг£Ҳ£ǡʹûж֣ǲҳȥ٣ûԴҲģ
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ݶìҲһ֧вԼڹڳڷܡ
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һҲֵģ˳Ψһİ취
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Щ׼ֻ࣬Ҫ峤һǾͶɭȥǸܲ׷ɭȥǰɣ
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ðӣȻ͵ϮľϮ̶ӷĪˣϹƲȻŭһͷ췢Ʈ裬һͿŵķ籩ǹŭɫǾͲ֪ϹƵ
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Ϲƺʣ治Ǹɵģ
˽п಻һᰡô£
ģȻǸɵģǿʼƨϹһƾͰ峤ڵϣֱ𣬷ŭ𣺡֪㺦ǵʱΪû漣̻Ҫ᲻ɣߣȥһ䣡
Ϲƴʨʿﳤȥ
峤վð̵Ĳ䣬ʧ֮ɫ
⡭漣ֱ̻ˣǶħ
ԣֻжħӵ
ǾٶһٱҲܶԿ
Ӱɣ
峤Щ˺ӣӸƨûˣʳûˣҲûˣʲôûˣֱľΧǻôӣ
ô죿ǲħɱҲᱻ
԰ǻû˾Ȼ˵ЩѾɱˣոǸµŮѾ˵ˣʳ⣬˶Ҫᣡ
һֻš
ⳡ콵ݻǵļ԰ûװҲûʳܳ;浽ɭȥˣҲ·һǸôźأ
Ͷɣ
Ͷ
峤û⣬ϸ뿴ûѡҲӲˣ뱣סֻһְ취ǾͶ漣̻ᣬǰ׾ʬΡ
˵þһ
Ȼûʲô£һͬ¶ûһӵ󣬵๤ɵӦûмֵİɣ
ԣ
Ͷˣ
ȥѰף
ʶ漣̻峤ûа㷴ͷ̾Ͷ漣̻ľʲôˣõĻܱסһϾ鲻ģ漣̻ûǨŭһ֧Ϊ˳ԼĲӰ
Ĳһ䣬ڶ̶һʱ޼ҿɹӣȫȺ뿪һʹа಻۾ȥϮ漣̻ᣬһ߷Ŀ
ûκҪֻ


359 
С²һû
ĺǳһֵݵĽʵոʱ򣬳ڰм֧˵η壬ǳЩǳȤ
಻ͬһͭƤǣ˶ûϰߣΪǿᣬԼǳ׳ʮǱ顢屶ң¸顢ҲҪһ
ӵпֲ²κܲѷɫĹʿΪʲô̾ôãķǵûаͳͳŴԿòίȫľٴ롣
￴İ壬ܳΪʱըҲܳΪһ
ȱʲôԴϣǽǮȱսʿЩǡǡһȺսʿֻ΢̵̣̾ܳΪһ֧ǿľӣ
ʼûֻշ˭֪õһЩ棬岿䶼ڴʳòгݵļ
ôԣ
һݴأϱɭǾͲΪãδȻ漣̻ɺܴ谭
һ֧˵ǳ̯򣬳ɽزپҵǶԳɵ鷳Զݷ𱩶ʮΪϷǳıؾ֮··̾ŰͽͽǺҲͿ֪ˡ
鲻ܷ
ˣϹѾΪƻഢʣʧȥ·չʾ漣̻ȴֲɱ̫壬Щӷη漣̻ᡣ
ΪӲҸ漣̻Կټʱû·ܣڱûй֮£ֻñһ˿Ͷ漣̻ᣬϣ漣̻ܴ󷢴ȱһ·
ԶȻ˵ǰͶӾۼȵʮΧԱߣҪˡ
ǣ
Ȼ̲ȥ
ʮ׳ϵȵأĹʮפڸߵ֮ϣЩӼ˼ƶܺ£ЩľʵܸߣӸұҵĻʮӸߵس£ӶҪ군
ЩӺ£ЩڲӾ͸ˡ
Ϊ׳궼ߣЩڲģȫ׶ûʲôֿο䶼ѾݻˣƬǣʱ˿̸
Ҵ󺰣Ҫ
䶯
һԪڿˣ
ǰһɽըƽˣ
һɵˣԭ漣̻ỹи͵ҪǶȺܼطһ˱Ȼ԰Ϊ㵥λ
ȫұ죡Ȼһףһֻ񿥵ԣΧŹȵԱ߱ܣд󽫵ķ緶һŷûа飺ڵ̶ӱϮ飬Ƕɣʵʵţ֮ǣ
ԩԩ
һϬɵģ
ƨǺϬûһƱһţɵģҿǰŶȥˣ
ģ㲻ҪѪˣֻȥԣ

ǶŻָǼ򵥵ζ벻鶼ǳԵݵģȫܺߡҲ漣̻ôĵ飬Ϊ漣̻Ҫ岢ѵ飬һأ
ԽԽףȫڹȵһţ˳ӿͷѪʮֵļҡ
䣡
ּɽˣ
ȻȺ˭ңɱ
ʵˡ
ǶͶ


ڸߵϺȲأһǿ׳ӣǳĵͷֻҪԼ̾ܳΪսʿҲ
ЩɵͦġӨӨֶϺԩ壬ɵö֮ģǵĿѾﵽˣѹԹͶˣͷŹǰɣ
ҡҡͷһ³ûҲ壬ҪԸļһֻܸһ̽ѵڻûе㿴һ͵ģȻ˵ҪͶһǣұ֤һʱͻߴ롣
ô죿
һݣܲΪֹ
ӨӨôе̣Ƕ˱ô죿
ٺһЦ˵ӲǳչʾǲοҲû˵ҪɱǰֻҪǲǸϣǻȥġ
ӨӨ̾ϢɵǣҲѽ˭Ǳ춢ϣⲻùŹأ
˵
ҹûʳûˮֻܳԲݸ¶˶ˣһţǳһ㡣
ʶͬʱҪʱ
ͻȻ䡣
׷׵˿
ȻŸͷҪһϢϮ漣̻ĽٷѾץˣ
˾һ
ץ
ЩٷϷɭ֣ݱصģҲѾȻˣλ޹ءѾ뿪ˣ
˴ϲ
һ䡣
ܸߵפͳͳߣĹӺ׼뿪ֻʣһȺ͵ӡ
ȵȣ峤æ׷ȥ
ʲô£
ǲ䱻٣ʳҲûˡ峤ʹ˵˶ûʵ߲ˡ
Ȼüͷһ壺Ĺʲô£Ҫ֪ƽնۣ˴ûаȫɱѾĪͣ
ǶʱѾͶһ·ɣ
ҿȻ˵ҵûȥʾ
лллл
Ȼ뿪ûжãֻصӼûߣŶûˡ
ڴˣ
Ȼ߸߾һ֧ᡣ
Ƿ׷׹ӭ顣
Ȼݾ޷ǣ˴η粨ɵشʧǲֵͬ飬˭ƽʱɱӡ޶أֺ֮£һ·
ΪݳξðΪĹ٣漣̻ʷһʮǰɳǡΪﷶΧ֮ڣӴ˳Ϊ˾ס
Ϊȷ岻زپҵ漣̻ٳʣ;ȼ֤岻⣬ΧڿͬʱĹΪṩҺڵĹ
һ¡
嶼ˡ
ҪΪרһУ
ǺεǺȣ໥ų⣬ͬܣһǰṩȼΪṩ㲻ټ䵱ǿ
Դ˸еЩãǲ֪ԼܲӦֻǻѡĲ䶼ѾûˣĿǰ״ҲûгҲֻѡһԶ
峤һϼƣ̾ȥ
컮ֳʱÿһ˶ǰ󾪴ɳǾܷǳƾɣģܴ󣬲ǽƣݷ޹ܶʱ
һ޳ɳǡ
ÿ޳ŹӺ;⣡
ЩͶ߻صŵ˵ľζһ˿ǺȻ̽飬һЧԣųµļ԰
ǳ󷽡
漣̻ǰʳ㹻һʱڲˡ
ҡڲĴǵڵ֪ȥѾںԺˣﻹסԼ壬ȲǣƣܳԱӣϺ˭Ըأ켸ҹʱķϳ˿ڲʮ֮˾ŵ˶ˡ
ͶͬĸԸͶġ
潥ȶ֮󣬶䷢򵥵ķɣŶʵʩܣӶ׿סǡ


360 սʿ
ӱͲ̫û׵׷ʲô飬ǶԳжµġϾûɱǣóԺúȵš
ʮ˰һþˣÿǷǳ˵ģ漣̻ҲòӴݿʳά֡
ĳֶķϳǣ漣̻ԱΪװ·ơɷӡΪƶɺ򣬳ŵڲ಻֣ɸ岿峤һʮ˵ĹŶӡ
ԭʼͻȻִ
ΪûԺȲùر󡣳˰һΪսĹ幫鵱ͼ
漣̻еǮ
ӹԹԳҪԱûѰ£ѵģֻҪһüĿͣ
Ǽֱ漣̻᲻ǣṩṩ̫ˣ
ֻǹʺ
лûйⲻΪ̶ȵ͡
ҪԭǣûԪ츳๦½ʺ˾ɴ಻ԪһԴΪĿĵĵ·
һǼ񣬵Ҳ徳ʿĸ־ˣ
ˣԹֻΪΣһɱΪְҵûнӶڴ½λ͡
ʮоʱ
𺳵ķ֣סսΪ湦
½űϵ𣬴½ԪԪΪסսȴƳ³£崸ΪԶǱΪҪԪ󷴶ǿң
ŵ˵
׹ȫпܸıˣ
嶼䶯ˣŲɣ峤ÿ֯Ȼ֪ΪʲôôϵڱĺûҪ
ʵ֤
ûĴģֻûеõȷˣ´һĵ͵壬ֻҪҵʵĵ·Ǻȡóɾ͵ġ
ȼʱ䡣
ասˣ
֪ǰǡ
ˣ
ӭӣ
ûʲôͼ岻һѵ飬αȦȦƸô鷳أңΪɳУΪṩʳĵĿҲһС֡
ڸǸ幦иı˵Ļᣡ
ʹꡢȻһЩͨǱչǡǿǳ֣飬ȫˣһңͿϡżëëֹΣǳǳ׳ۡ


Ӹߺ
ֱ͸ʹһΰ󣬼ʮ峤æӭӡÿһﶼȥ۵ˣʵӵ׾ٴݻ
һ仰嶼ʧ
½Ҳǿߣοԭʼֱִ壬˵Գʱÿһж˸м
쿪żɽʣ˭ˡս
ʮ峤һٶӣЩӴ඼ǸǱľӢΪԲôաս
Ҫһֱ֧˵Ƕսʿӽ쿪ʼ͸һˡ漣̻Ὣ㹻ӺֻҪΪЧǲԿģ
Щ峤ʲôܾأ
λǴҪܳΪôλȫһˡοŵҪǣλеλˣһ漣̻ƶߣĲƴ֣ܵõ࣬ǿǷ֦ͷˣ
ûǶ̰һٶˣȫʵҡ
ǧһȺ׷ԲԵоԱʵæµڵһֵķղգղǽṹü̵ĽʯɲţԼʮ߸߶ȣһսʿ
˶ܽš
ǲ֪쵽ʲô
ǽ˵ýţǶԲǻ£ǡǡ෴һ̥ǵĺûᡣ
ǧһ֧Сɾµӣżֻҩˮȡһ֧ǿԿʼ𣿡
ЩоƵĿѪҩˡ
Ѫҩʹò϶ϡУ֮Ѫħɷ֮ȵȣȻǳϡУʹ򲻶࣬˼۸ҲǺܰ󡣵Ȼ˵ССһҩˮֵüڽҡ
Ȳɣ
о߰ǴԱ߷䣬ʼøֲܵȭȵ
ȭݺһһҡ
飡
ҶݽȥоԱ߼¼
ȭǿ11
һʮ־˵֣ζͬΪ֮£˵Ĵʮ˽Ϊ࣬Ҳһܹסһȭ
ǧﲻɸе̾ŵ
ȭݶˡ
ȫʮң
ûʲôֻƾܸһ尲ĸڣ
ʼ飡
һ˱ͽղա
о߰һ֧ҩǶעڣҺȻѹߣղڶʱһź
֪ô£һãȻĶ
ţһɹ̼Ϣ˲ΧƤùޱȣÿһϸͷųʱһƬհףǿʹࡢŭڱʶ

ڷղʹధ
Ƥպ˫Ѫ˿Ѹںڵļһ÷죬һͻأڼвϳ鶯Ťǳ濴ǳˡ
ˣ
˱ֲɱŭϬţײղգʵҶҡһ£ղƽʯ죬¾󱻹棬Ҳѳ
ӣںƤͱɰɫ˼ǿ׳һȦ
ˣ
ʱһȭٽʯţȻڲɼ˿ϸ΢Ѻۡ
Ѿʧȥʶһ̨ŭɱ¾ðɺâŭţϹţͼܿж˺Ƭ
սʿ¶֮ɫ
漣̻˾ʲô
ֿ״̬ûгã˺Ȼ侲ǰġսˣƿŭɱ¾˺ȶȻΣϢһͷµޡ
ʧȫˡ
Թǧڰ֣򿪣
°ɣ
ģһоƿأ
ǧﵹҲȻﱻ񻯣ʵʮֹвѾ۷ģȴҲǲ̫ܵġ
սʿ߳ղա
ʣоô
Ҳ֪һãȻãӲ٣
һƣȭԣ
оƳһȭУ
䣡
һȭȭڽ֮ϣǶ죬жʱķѿ
ȭǿͻ100
޲һ
ȭͷڻһʿϣҲ԰ѻʿֱӴˣ
ֶսʿԣʼͶȡȫü˿ֲӶʹжȴ󽵵ͣ־úָܴǰü
ǿ񻯹Ч
漣̻оһ̾
ǳͷûҪĿսʿ


361 
Ͳˡ
йһЩо˵ԶʱڵĽףֻۺĳԶѪͳ滹Ǻǿһ壬ֻǷ֮ѪҺп֮ԽԽϡ忴ԽԽ
Ǵ½һǻ壬Ȼûа취Ԫ꣬ʺκԵĹǱǳǿ
Թǰ֮££Ȼһǿ塣
Ѫҩһ񻯷Ӧҩ
Ϊ񻯣
ħ
ֽʱԨϢɴħúܶ౾޸֮ʵǿĵͼʿͻȻɿֲԨħӶֱܹв߼ʿ
ħӦġ
ħģʽֻͬԭ̫һڰȾħԭ򣬶֮ӿ룬̼ǱܵıӶֿ
ħӦǻģ񻯾ûħôˣͨҲḶ޴ۣܴ۾ɥʧǣ÷ѪҲ֡
߻ɱ¾һУûʹûƣͣտݽ߶
ʺѪͳ⣬ܹܿ񻯸սΪսʿĹܴսʿǱܣЧѹƿսʿķ״̬ÿսʿսȻѡ
ҪǣһδοУ׹ٽ
һֲĳִ󣬳ǵսÿսʿܾμսôսʿʵͻԽԽߣ
ÿһսʿ߱ǿƻһ񻯣ʹƣͣ־壬һȺֹͣɱ¾
һܿı֣
ǧ￪ʼһٶ˽пսʿ졣
˱ľӢ״̬֮£ڽս֮£˲ܻѶʿ״СսʿҪһ֧;ӣôȻΪ漣̻һѼ⵶սսҲܿƾˣ
һ֧ɳɳǵĸ߼š
ƻһڴһ֧սʿӣ
ЩսʿڳɱͣҪڿѪҩϣսʿγ֮󣬻ҪѪҩΪȲֵܴ˵漣̻ȫԽܵġ
һ֧ǿӲûǿװ
Ϊսⶩһװ
ǳߺսʿƮƮͨױвʺϣ˿սʿĻװһ׷ǳصףټһмٽصľսװǿӡӹ̷ĵ3ϣͨʿƻװܲ˼վסԿսʿ˵ȴëһ
һظƳɽӣǧƿսʿɾţսһǣĹУеʨʿ⣬κһ֧ܻܲķߡ
гװô
漣ֱ̻Ű
ʵҵţԪоô
״һȺѧڹպҲʵҰæ˵ʱûгɹ
ԪھǳΪսʿľ֮һ
൱Ԫڵѹ棬Ȼ߱ԪһֲƻӱЯԣսʿȫЯʮСװһţôս׹կΪСṩǿƻˡ
ȻֻСǲ򵥣ûҲġ
Ԫأ
еɹʵã
͸һʵǰܹһЩоһֵıһССֱװŸǿȵԴṹִǵõԪ󣬵ʱһʹֱˡ
⿴еֵͲ
ͬĵطڣ̵ֱģǸǿϣγһʵʰʣ˾зǳµ¶ȣжһп
ǽϻĽսԪ
ṩͼֽʵҳĿǰĻЧƺãÿһȶ
Ҫ
Ҫǲϡش˵ǲ϶Ĺʹѡ߼ĲϣҲԸʱ¶Ⱥ⣬Դزǿʮ˥Ժάȶǵĸ߼Ԫʱ򣬼Ѿùˡ
̾һ
Ȼûʮȫʮ鰡
׼ǧսʿÿսʿסսձװԪסԪڡ籩ǹӶʺϸ´ˡ
ӵһ֧ӣֱӳ嵽ɭɱķЩǵס
һ֧籩ǹܴͨͷˣ
Ҫ漣̻ǳرԪڡ籩ǹĳǿֻǣֱԲϵҪܸߵģĹҲĿأǻͣͺܳһʱ䡣
ʱ䱦󣬲ˡ˵쿪ʼǷͷжɣ
㲻ȥɭְɣ
漣̻δ׼ôȥɭֻ᲻ݾߣ
ӥʱĶ֣ǰת׼ݸɭʩԼбĹҽɭ֣İɣȥԴ˳̽̽Ҳġ
Щɣ̫ðˡ
һޱޱһжûġ
ޱޱΪɲ⣬ǿռ츳ӵߣʹ򲻹ˣҲǿܵģޱޱڳߣ콫ǳİȫ
Ǿɣ
ͽӹйʼսʿŵĴ졣
ڶ죬漣̻Ͱһٶ̥ǵ˴ÿһװ׺Ƕȥˡ
һ𼫴䶯
峤ζ벻뿪ûм죬һ˸ˡǵʵֹһٶһ¶ǻѳʿԶԸĿֲڣ
ǸӼʵǡ
ݿһٶѾʽ漣̻ᣬڳΪ漣ֱ̻ˡ
õ밡
漣̻źǳģ
ÿһΪսʿ˲ܻǿҼҲܵ漣̻չˡսʿ漣̻ǩԼֻҪЧͲԼɣսʿȨ˾
漣̻᲻Ҫˡ
ֻǶ̶̼ʱ׳ҪΪ漣̻ʿ
ָָɣȫˣ˵һγͷصĻᰡ
漣̻ᵱȻ
ݿݵֻҪɡսܼ漣̻ԤӣŶӽܿսʿĸ졣
Ϣһ̶գսʿԤʹﵽǧˡ
漣̻ѪҩǿӦ󣬲ԤԽԽ࣬ѪҩѾˣעǶʱɵġ
һֱ֣켸춼ûгֻ֣漣̻߲֪ѾȻ뿪ݣǰϷƬδ֪ĵشˡ


ľ ɭ


362 ɭ
ɭûļֻ֣֮꼾ͺ
ھǻɭֵ꼾ůʪɽɭֵ֣ϡٵ˿ڣʳȡرףѡƷҲḻ顢ʳħֻҪһؽڵϣ辭κջ񵽺ܶζĹˡ
ûûзɣûǲ˰Ҳκ˸׳ƳֻҪʵ㹻ǿ󣬸ĵɭԴȡ֮
ǿߵã
ߵĵ
ĸɫ̬̫׷Զʱڵ֣ٵֵޣӹϵ壬ŵľ飬ȫӻɭΪ԰
ȻԴܹһٱ˿ڣĵطͻ˵޵޵ΪɭĻ档
ֹġ
ͷǧµľ̾ڸ߹ΰ˵ƸѾܹѵȥˡȻȻԴ˲㣬ÿ궼ҪӸѹδƸ
ɽľ壬ǰѰɽͰգɭĹȺвƷ½ǿߵĴѡ
ͳεľᣬͬʱռʮǣʮС壬ٲȻΪɭһϵ֪ʶǻۡ
ĺŮ캣гУңԶһֱ쵽ɭֵĸأͼѺ½ع屦֡
ֲЩǿսǷ̽߻ɭֹ֣ɱ˴ཻ֯ɭֶ
Ⱥ۲ǿֻ߽ѡӹ߾ȫԼάϵźڰɭֵķ˭Ҳ֪ƬԭʼϵĴ棬ŶٲΪ֪ܺʵ

ɭ֣Χ꼾Ӱ첻ǿң˵ůʪģΪһ̶ȼ͵Ұ֮ءľϵزơ־ֲƬֲ綾߳滨ÿһƺݷΣ
ƪïܴ롣
һƬĿյء
⿴һħ޳ѨԼʮͷÿһֻɢſֲϢƬת󲨹⣬ɡЩһڳǿȪۣϢ֮Уħ޲Ҳάֳɳ

ɭȻ
ᵽϢվɭַƵĵͺǳĹľȻ£ޱȵĽ˲ƯƬкüͷ˺
𡪡
ŭ˶ſûκζ£ǵ͹ľȴܵĳȫѿգÿƬšһ
˶˳Ұ
Ȼ۵࣬оΣϢȺ𹥻˭֪ʱһ˻ֽǰռ仮ѣȫռѷ
ˣ
ֻƬ̼䱬鿪Լϡ
Ϊŭޱȣ׳֫һŵأȻ˹
ʱһֻС׺СС͵ͱ仯һͷ˶Ŀһɣ˲ԭأȻ͵صͷ淢͹
һ
һɺӵһֻ涳ɱ
һ˻û޽һѱնƬ
ⳡսûʲôʮͷʵ㲻վ2ħ޶ѣмֻǿһܴﵽ߰ˮƽ⼸൱һǻءһ߱ʵ
û
˲Ǳˣǳһˣ
ӨӨóӰĶһΧֶʱȺӰЩ˼ʬʱȫϲĻ
峤ʮʥҩ졣
ǸһȺ˵ĸл
ˮǴׯģһȺ·淢ֶǿаռˣׯ֯üν˲޹
ԸæиոշһС
û밡
ֻһ棬ܻô걦ҩ⻹ֻһ֪Сׯɭ֮ḻ治Ĺܱȵģ
ҹѾһ˶⣬ȫŷڻտ֬ϵν͵
Χ衣
һ϶ϲ֮ɫ
ɰŮϺõ⣬ɬĺ͹ˡǵʾζҪĻԸṩһЩķ񣬻ɭûʲôԼ鲿ˡ
µĴŮ
òǷۣǲЩëסֻܶ࣬ǳӵβ͡ȵȣ嵹ҲŮ
⼸ŮȻǴ峤⾫ѡֺü˵ġ
¼Ůƣ˳̽̽鱨
ӨӨòúõԪտ¼ӹһΡ
ζأ
ҵǾеϣ
˳ԵˮСѾеʮ￾ˣΧƶ壬ζĿ⣬صĹƣԭʼĴׯһжзζ֮ȸоġ
һ˳
ꡢȻޱޱ˷ֱǱڻ򵼣ӨӨ򴿴Ǹġ
ǻѰصĸ߽׻ʿˣӨӨǰճƵأֻϹһ㣬˶öࡣΪޱޱǿҪ󣬳ҲͰˣȫڷĽ
ʱ䡣
ҽɭΧ
ɭֵķΧ̫󣬹ƱĹȫʮƬ˵ɭֵΪȴȫɭָǣҲлĮ̲ȵ⣬ɭֵ˿ܶԶԶȲĹȻħܶȴĹʮ
Ϊɭ̫ˡ
ޱޱҲ˵ߵֻੲݽһЩ״СҪ˵ٳŵһ鳤Ҳ˵
ӨӨҧһڿ⣺ôɭأ
⻹˵Ȼһǰޱޱ붼û˵ɭֲַǧƵĳУЩд඼ḻ࣬ȫĵطֻҪһУǾܳΪͨӪչСׯԷǳǳɲģ
ӨӨúȤǵʲôȥֱͺˣ
췭ۣȡһôףɭͱͳһˡ
ǰǰޱޱͷǣɭĹǿ̫ˣһɭֳУ¶вʿפأ빥ôһУѶȲڹǡ
ӨӨզࡣ
ɭһжô˵ô漣̻Ŀǰ»ûȡʹȡҲزסġϾƬҵʮֻҡ
ޱޱ̾һ˵ϧһû꣬Ȼҿһǡ
ۣ
˲ﶫ³
ҲȿޱޱȻ֪ޱޱλͣҲû뵽ô߰ѲĸǾ
ڿûϣˣ뿪ߣ϶Ѿֵȥˣ۵ڣ᲻ͨġ


363 С
ޱޱҪһ
⣬ɵ壬ڳﳤסμӹУóסȥһ
ɭֵĻĹͬû㹻ӲȭͷӵٶҲǱסġҲǳûмɭѰѵԭһֻҵط˵־Ͷֻ֣Ҫͼްܽ
λĿˡ˴峤Ź߹Щɵȴʮֹ˵ΪӶȪˮķǳлǣʲô԰ǵ𣿡
һ֣ڵ͵ˡ
Ǵ½ṹӵ֮һ
аˡˡ֮ԶŽףɭ־顢ѩ顢澫ȵ𣬲ûһֳܷüٸ֧ÿһ֧Ƕ֣ʵǷǳĲ˼顣
صڣԽǸ߼ԽбԽǵͼԽ˳һֲϲ壬ΪʵȽ߼䲢࣬һ߻ǿħ޶ϣ֮̾֡
ûʲô̶ȷǳԪԭ˵ҩ֮Ĺ֮ȪͳΪĸ켸˰Ǵħ֮ȪȻǴ
Ψһĵͼ˲ʲô֮ĵĻׯ϶Ǳסˣ˶Ҫ糷룬֮֡
ǲһЩͨðߣ˷ɭֻ֣ΪչһЩϡڻɭ֣زģܹɼϣҪ峤ָ̡
ʵ͵㲻ǻ¡
˷쵽ɭ־ѾĿģֻΪ漣̻һʲΪ̻ṩӦ߼ϣԪʱμӵɭ߰С
ǽðһ䣬¶ܰ漣̻зˣ
򲻴ȰѿսʿӴ˵ɣ
žطһ۾ӵأǸʱС򣬸ׯҪʲôʣȫСϽеġ峤ƺһСӹģܲȴҵٵɭزȻҲĶϢȡҲȽϷ㡣
ʱСô
⣡
ɭС壬͵ȫҪѭĶǺڰɭַԺڰɭַ⣬ָһƬڵɭУֲ֣Щֻ඼пܳΪ˴ֻ֮ԼǺбҪġ
һ¶ˡ
ôռ
ǵϮĳЩްԵĹעӶб̲ΣաûγС壬ڻɭַչôͱѭ
Ϊ¶Լôô罻ҪأʱСһ취ׯҪʱǾͻαװС򣬵һҪĶ֮̾뿪طԲҶ˹ע١
Ȼ̽ϢǾͳɡ

峤˵ͷĿ֣ķŮ߳ЩŮһϴˮ۾ų졣
ʲô˼
ǴʮλŮȫǴŮ֮׸ˣǳΪ˵Ů͡˳飬һźô˵ġ
ҿǰɣ
춼е㷢㶡
御ܿЩ֣Ͼ಻һ壬ŮӽС˳ǾŮѡУһŮŬܸ߼۸񣬸οǴŮˡ
ܹоһĿݺݵԼ궼ĬȻޱޱҲüͷ
Ҫ
ԴǾܾҳ̰ɫ̤˸֮ˣ峤ˣˡܽܡ
峤˵ǵңϣ˲Ҫƴǡ
仰ǼٻŮ¶Ŀ⣬ڻɭÿ춼Ϧһǿ߿ΪŮҲǷ֦ͷˡοۣܱЩ׺Ļõöࡣ
ǶҲܽ˼ӳ죬ȥλôȥЩŮӻţӶϴӵİȫ
ɭֵطòСİ
峤ͲҪǿʱСǳΣգǴŮȥҲȫѽӨӨȻվ˵Ȱ£лٴߣˣ
峤ԷִⲻҪһЩʧ䡣
̰СУ׼̰ͼࣿ
Ǹϰ
峤ĿӨӨޱޱ϶ӣôɫĿôӹ֬׷۰ɣҲֻôοԼˡ
뿪Сӣ
ӨӨ˵ʮŮûˣǲǺʧ
УҳôߣΪҪַ
֪ʲôӨӨۣ΢ׯ̾ЩҲͦģôȴҪôΣյĻ±ֻǳ¡֣ɭԴܷḻΪʲôҪأ
ɭһֱѽҾ㡣ޱޱͼ߲ˣСС棬ֻҪȸǿϣɾͻ⵽򡣡
ӨӨԳ˵ιȻôңɴͳһһ°ɣЩСҲźã
˵ĺף
Ҳ˵Ǹô㰡
Ϊֹ㲻һƬ˲οо̩̹ôǿĴڣ
ɲ˵ˣظ˵ӨӨķԸԵɰ
ӨӨһЦǳ⣬춼ô˵ˣǿ϶ûûʲô첻飡ޱޱǳĽӨӨͳĹϵݵˣ
˳ʱǰҹˡ
ҹɭ֣ǴɣΪħޣϣҹûո˵ҲΪɭֱԵΧʲôвԼļһ
ʧɭֲө桢١βݡӫĢȵȣҹԶ⣬ȻɭֲָȻзĶôõģһЩħﳣͨɢâͻӰԻģȦס
ⱾһħõֻǴǱΣԵɭ֪طʱħ
һ̲ͣ
;⵽ϮоյĶɹ峿ʱִֵĿĵء
ϼһ㵹ɭɫС򣬾ïܵĴСϿ峤ʾ´ӸҲ֪ôһСصôأɫɭںˡ
ɭӡ˼ʱСӶࡣ
Сûû򳤣ɲ繷ʺĵطʵȻʹһУ˭ȭͷӲ˭ܹΪΪ
óǳȵǣȸСȫС˿ڲǧоƹݣӻ꣬и̣ܶڴˣʡ͵ĵơ
磬ҩʦݵϰ壬Ǵܹӷ
ҩ֮ΪͨɱҹٿڣӴܹӵɭ֣ڲ۵СΪΪ֮һ
Щ굹Ҳķˮ
ΪҩʦϡҪﻼҪƣ˶̶ʱһļǶŮѧͽȫϵȻɫ
Ůѧͽֻѧϰһ򵥵Ĳҩ֪ʶ԰֣йй˿ͿǣȻӭãֻǽҽƷʱһѣʱ׬ñ뻹Ҫࡣ
ЩŮûи˲ƲҪĥǺˣҲڵ
еλܳԱȫأ
Ͼūĸûʲô
Ҿơ̲ݣԻüūССǻɭһСӰȴɭоʵ״


364 ù
С˸оǳ죬ÿ˶ʵʵŴñǧٹֵߣɫҴҲ˽̸
﷽ʽרŽģ˿ǸӵˣЩӱͻ죬ĳפ˿أԴܹҩʦ̵ϰ壬Ӹӵطÿһ˶ز©Σշӡ
˭Ը˹򽻵أ
СǱһˡ
֡ǿ˷ӣְҵѰʵĴӣͨӶɱ¾Ĳ塢塢֮ŮˣǶüǮģˡ塢ȵҲǺϸū
ɭḻСҲٱӶɱ¾ݵķ¸ʽûзɣûйأ˭ֿܵջأ
Σ֮£ɭֵСǽȻͬġ
ÿһ˶ǷǳΣյġ
Ū÷ǵΣգȫְ֮
Ϊˣ켸˾̫ĿûκΣȻôҡڵ߽ˡһû취жϾ⣬ĸ˿ᣬǺǿĻɫôܲĿأ
ֱǼⰡ
˸ոС֮̾ͲʮĿ⡣
ȥһ¡ֱӽĥˣûҪĶ
ã
Ȼת뿪ˡ
ȻǰĳӣлΪĹģȴΪ漣̻һԱҲ컯ŪˡȻλûʲôȤǸ漣̻иõĳɳ
һǿ񣬺úõһ£һ䰲Ǭ
ѶȻΪ漣̻Ĵ󽫣漣̻ľͳսȫˡȻ̫ᣬҲǼ¡
ҸطЪЪŰɣӦùݰɣ
û
վס
׳˶Ӱͺǰÿһﶼű
춨һɷˣ׳ΪһɫƬˡΪȽϽŶԷɢľȳζ
üʲộָ
˻һۣĿ͸¶̰
ĻǸΪ׵˶ƷԪʯָ˵ŮˣˣǮɣ
΢㶣ʲô
ƷԪʯ
ɷ˵ų죺ǮѾˣŮˣٲСҸÿȥС˭ҵǣ
ӨӨޱޱɫһ
Ȼ֪ɭַܲ컯֮ʵ˺ջΧȻܶ࣬Ǿǿ֡
۾˵ƺû״
ƲԳԷƣ˳ɫԪ緢Ǿȥɣ

Ի꼶ʵ
ֲ֪ʱСĳһСɫ߱ʵѹָôᣬɭֵʵȻҪСǿ̫ˡأǴˣ

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˳Ľϣ˵ĳ˲񶹸һ۶ˡЩ˶һ˵ôƷһӴͱϣôأ
ѽҲҪˣ
ӥצɨƺֱӶὣһڤȫʣô¶ֱ֪۾ͱҽһŶϱ۾ҪˣǶϱ۲λմɫڤ
ǻӣ֮ѸήֻǶ̶̼ʱȫһǿ׳Ĵ󺺣Ȼ̼ɹձѿһðƬ
˼˶¶֮ɫ
ôҲ벻ףСֻиСӲ֪СׯôðôĽɫ
ȴˣ
һ֣ƬӨ͸ѩɳȥ˲˵壬Щڶʱسٸ׶һ˶⬣ֿ֮ûоͱɱˡ
ӨӨŵʬݺһ䣺ļһҲǵ⣿
ĻˣӨӨҲû
Χ¶ɵ֮ɫ߹ĵطÿһ˶ԶԶû˸ҿǡɱӺʡȥҪ鷳ǵȻòģгô˳
Χ·˽ĿƺЩֻڳһ׼Ϸļƣ֪ûô׹ȥʹˣûбҪ£ͻ治һɭΧССʲôܹв
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ӨӨվһªޱʯӣ缸ʯڵ泤̦Ƿ϶ܿ򼡢֮֩ĶߡСʯҲòȥÿһʯݶǽȫգûС
ûеƾߡ
ө֭Һķ
ÿʯݲ׸ߣʮƽףֱһѡ
ӨӨסֵط絽ɭ˯ءɭﰲȫǵһҪأӾܱȽϼª˵ǱȽȹ̵ġ
ӨӨޱޱ˶޷ܵǡ
ùϰȻһˡ
˸ǲһ壬ڻɭҲӴǵɫƤޱ壬˶Ұ³й֮޲
ϰ崩һΧȹĿӣǰ̺۵ϰ̸ڱǳͷɼʮϸϸڱḯζһɾ붼ܰѬ衣ǽϣȫǸƵħ⣬һЩˣһƿƿ֪ʲôɵľưڳһš
ס𣿡˲һÿһһƷԪʯ
ô󣡡ӨӨɴ۾һƷԪʯһңĹһ䲻Ĵùˣǿǣ
˶ıǿףޱޱӨӨģ۳һճĨڿϣôסס
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ӨӨˣ첻鷳ͳƷԪʯ飬ǰŷɣ
۾һ̰ԪʯһЦããǸ
ƤļһѼ˴档
ӨӨİˣе㷺ֹˣ壬˵й֮޲סǵĵطĿ
ϰǮԺƺܶࡣ
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ϰֻˣһӣǳİڼǰֻϰһƿƺͼں⡣
ϰ֣ͬĿȹϲ£ǳª죬ƴˣĿˣǳǰľƣͣǻϲģ
Եһݹ
쿴űǵҺ壬ùŹ
ϰڰУܾѵľƣǺܲòģ
֣ھ˶ҲˡһĿ˵ܻܲõľƣˮһĶָ˭أǣ浱ﶼʺô
ϰ󾪡
ⶾǴҩʦģŵɫζԲᱻκ˿кܶסͣϰɶѹвһôһϳ
Ҳ飡ϰֱӰѱˤ飬ӱѶ̰師ɷ˵֪ܾ˺³
ĲоӲô
ȻһŹȥϰͱߵ⡣
ô
ϰæվûп˵һ֧͸ʯͷǽֱӹᴩϰš
ɡɶ
˼
ϰ岻׵ĵˡ
ԽԽʸϴǽùˣżȻù˶ɱ⡣˶Ī˭żﻹܲٻҵ㣿

ޱޱ͵ذѿռпһӴŴ뿪ùݡ


365 ֩벮
ʮͬĺˣһȦȦŰСùΧסÿһﶼŹùݷżȻǷ֮ÿһ֧̺ǿԪϬɶʯСݡ
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˳嵽ѻ̿ʼѰʬ塣
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ʱһӱ
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˹ת˾ͳڱ󣬾뻹ʮףƺվˣ˹һûС
ĸһ顣
ⲻȺðļһô
ȴδôĪĳڱ
ӨӨԷӲ޶˵ʲô壬ôһһ󣡡
岻飬Ƕ壬°ϰ࣬Ƥ沼ϸƬֻ۾ͫ³䣬˻ƵͳͷҲǷֲģԿǳª
ЩһӦúǰһģں֮ʲô嶼ûУȻһȺưطĺˡ
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˭֪һ㷴ӦûС
гǿʴԵĶҺûа취ʴǹⲻ壬ûа취κ˺ǴͷųһɼжҺӡˣӵȫ
״̾ˡ

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һ˲䶼ŵƨꡢȻ˽ųȥֻһҰģ̶ʮʱ䣬һоͻָƽ
ǲǱɱƬѾ֮࣬ûһվš
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ޱޱɻ˵磬Ǻ񲢲лǡ
ô᣿
΢΢һ㶣Ŀɨ˵ʱЩ˷ǵûил㣬һ¶ֵı顣
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С군ˣС군ˣ
ɶЩ˵ǴģǺò׽С򣬾ͱôˣ
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һŭֵ֡Ŀ⡣
ӨӨԼ۶챻߸ˣ
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ü⼸һﱳ̫ܲһ㣬ɭǲ㸽ӹģЩһĳһ֮£СаԵСһֱ٣ҲȫΪ֧ıӻ
ⲻǡӨӨ򣺡ЩײһСǺܲ׵ģܶӶҪССܲǵȻˡ
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Ҳûʼ磺Ѳɱ۸ͷˣǿɲҵķͱôϺܶ飬˵ԴģȵЩһңûõðǸʲô沮ҿɲ벻һ鷳
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ޱޱȫû˵ģҲʲôɣ
˹ƵǰɭһȺ˷ӣֻ֩벮ԱļֵµצС֩벮ĴˣרձѺͽ׷ѣȻЩǮҪϽġ
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˹סĵطһ顣
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򿪵Σ˶ˡ
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ʱһǳūرעǸ߽һˣûޱޱߣ쳣ͷǺӣȴ൱ʮʮꡣ
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ÿ˶߱׿Խ츳˰ūļ۸񲻻ͣҪһǣͨڿɽֻҪҵһˣôҵҪĸ߼ʯ
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ߴﹾ˵һѣֻСС۾ɵùԲƺǳķŭ
ӨӨ˵ʲô
ޱޱ˵˰ǵɻˣΪ˷ӣ
ðԽһ飬ֱѯʿʯ飬Ͼ˴ɭ֣ʯҪ顣
˲֪ܲڿʯ顣
ǿǿԷģ
˽Žɿų죬ÿʣ治ǿŬצ
ԭ˵԰ӨӨۣŬ˭Ƕֻ֪ҪǵûпʯǺҪ
һȻ˿ʯֻܶ࣬ǡ
ֻʲô
һŭǵĿѾˣ
ˣ˭ɵģ
֩벮Ŭ
ðɣһĶͷƲˣ
˵һﵽ˭


366 µ
˶ȻĽ䱸
һ
Ǵ½ӵ֮һ˵ǸȻϣ˵аôҲȫɭ˷ӡǣΪɻҲΪ½ԣȺ塣
Ȼ顢΢һ㣬δǱѾԤˡ
ѾһС
䱸䱸ûʲôƭģ˰˵Ķ˵ˡ
ȫŵµڶٹİµӡµȫʢʱаңһٶ꿪֮£һ͵¹
˱еƣ൱ǿҵղ񱣬ϲղĶֻ̰ϲƷ˵ؽϡо󣬱
һӪϿӣǼֱûʲô
ҲͳΪһֻԴͷˣ
ѭźڰɭַ򣬽߾Լ֣Ȼ岻һĵطڣһ¶ˣ̾ͻǨ뿪ȴ޷ԼĿӡ
µձ¶ˣӶߡ
սʿ壬װǿսʮټӰķϵͳǺѹġʮͱ򣬵δζǰʤֻǳڵսİ˿ڣήʣȫʢʱڵһҡ
ƣ֮ʡ
һǿĶֳˣ
һǴºš֩벮ĿŬ
ŬӶɭֺ˴͹ַ֩ڵضڲ͵Ϯһ쳣ҵս֮󣬰׽Ļ׽µݣʹѳҲѾˡ
˰ƸŬռݣǧ˱ūңµ嶼군ˡ
ŵһžƣǷŭԹ
ޱޱߣһûСѣȻôţֵܲҪǻѿģ
ӨӨͷеû֪飬Ҳ֪飬ʲô
ӡ֩벮ºţԼһﶨǳˡ
ɭֲбϵļǿкܶǼβΪ֪ġˣжǿ󣬾˵ûһۡ
ǳرձڵ磬ĵ³ǶǱͳεģ˴Ļѷɫ顢֮ࡣΪ鲻̫ϲ˼뾫顢鷢ͻҲͲùƶԷʵǿ
һЩŴη۵㣬ּڻɭֵصĳ飬пܱǿܶ࣬ǻɭص֮һ鲻òʩ
Ҳо鳤ΪƣǳĶֲ࣬ͬڲսҳ̶ȲѷɫرϵȻɹۣǲΪǡ
˭˵ȷڻɭӴǲʵ
ŵ֩벮ŬʵǿοŬˣȫսĲӡ
켸ʵٸߣȫԵսôǻ
ԪһľٸΪûã
˲սʿʣ٣
ȻӲôǹͬ飬ǲòСء˭֪ǰļһǲǿŬΪʣఫˣĹأ
ζûУô𣿡
࣬Ҫôǣŵ˵ôİս
ˣ㿴ţޱޱվͷųǿԪһɢſռϢذ׸ֳڻΪǿŬ£ôҲû˵
Ԫǿȡ龳
ǿռԵԪ꣡
龳ǿ߱ʮϡУοǿռ츳ǿߣŬı£ҲΪ¡οޱޱһ飬廹ǱȽֵ塣
ǧսʿ뵽¿׼սŵԥվ˵ֻҪﰫ˶ذµӣҪʲô˶ͬģ
ǧô
е٣Ҳˣ
ĹɽˮԶ첻Ѿ˹ֻȴպŴˡսǧ˵Ҳһɲսˡ
˾ۼһ¿ӡ
ӱ濴һɽż죬һ˶ƳϣҲոմʮּª
ǧ˾Ͷ߻Ŷڰ˵İµӡ
Ȼ֪ǧ˵ȥսûʲô𣬵ǰ˾һĹִ壬ҲȥһԵġ
ŵʱԮˣ˶Դ˸еǳȣһϵİ峤ԼʵеɣϾ໹Ǿ飬ᡣ
ҪЩһ̸УȾҪսʿ㹻ʵ
ӨӨֱӾͶ԰峤˵Ϊ͵ģ峤Ҫ˵һëж޳ˡ
࣡峤м˵лѰΪ˹ǿᣬǻѾʿҲ˵ܺˣƾʲôôţ
ֻһԼ쵭˵˲ǴܿŬ󣬰˿ĲƸҪһ룡
һ룿
ÿһ˶ӵۡ
һҲ̫̰ˣȻھҪһ룡
µĴǰһղذ
ŬռµӲʱ䣬дߵģһ֮ǺεȾ˵ĸһֱʨӴ󿪿ڣ
ܹƽһ㲻ԼҪ۹ߣûæǧ˱˵һ룬ֻȥˣ
ǳľƢ
˰̣
һ˽˾Ҫһ룬ѵ̫̰𣿡
˲ڶھͷǶԵȵġ˿ã˭Ҳ֪Ŭûиǿ֧֣ΰ˶ǶҲһðգ
ãģ˰һս˴ںڣһ⣬ɢǿϢȻһͨҵ뿴ܲܵһ
ͨˣ
峤лѰصΪ
Ҫһǣ幦Կ񱩰ԵƴƣǻѾʿô밤һûбҲ˰ɡ
ӨӨһǹ⣺;ɣҪһ£Ӯ
峤ͺһ˫ŵذ嶼ѣǾ޴緢ǿһ⣬ӵĿڿḶ́ʱΧռһžž죬·һ趯
ӨӨüһȻԵ֮ģԪͷųȻһ⻬ľӡӾ淢һâӨӨ档
ӨӨľԪ
һǾģ£ֻҪʵ㹻ˣӨӨܸκιԪ꣬ȻֻʱԵģȴܾ߱
ڶǾ淴䣬ǷЧӨӨܵʱԪͻὫһȥ
;Ԫͬʱʩչ֮£ӨӨķǳɱġ
峤һֱӨӨ壬ֻһ죬Χ涼ˣӨӨֻ˫һ֣Ȼδ
ʲô
峤ʧɫʱһɽɽ㷴峤һѪֱӱǽϣ˲ײһ
峤
˶ʧɫ
ӨӨһ⣬ȻǹⶼֱûбƵϼһȷʵӨӨȫ߶Ԫ꣬һ¾ͰԪĵ룬ܰһӸɡ
ûС֮ġ
˶߱ʵôǿָö
ɵĶ飬ȷ˷Ϊʤ峤˷߳ͬҪֻҪɱŬΪ˶ؿӣһƸ㣡


367 ֩
ǧڴվһƬ
ڸߴȥʱȻŮٶֲ壬ΪòȫͬëǳḻӣѾΪб־ԵŮһձ߲һģȴֺƣǼⷢĵǡ
ɱŬ
ɱŬ
ذµӣ
ذµӣ
Ѿ״ã߾űź䡣
ţֿⶼ˳ÿ˷ſƤԴȣ׼Ƹۣս׵׼
ǲദ壬Ըʮֻ𱬣ر壬һ϶飬ӶѸı䡣һ˳׵ļǺϣϾһӵˡ
ʵӶףµǳ״ȥˣ˾˿Ҳûк֮ʷĿעڰˡļǧôصס԰أ
˻᳷룿
ܣ
ЩԸִһ˽⣬֪ڿӱҲİѿӹøˣԳȴһᡣ
԰µӸȤЩҲܸȤ
ΪܻİˣеľӢս׿˵ձǾḻ֣ϸһˣЩܴǾ޴ġ
漣̻ڲƺȻڶ̰壬ܽ˻̲µСǺ̶ܴȲȫ漣̻Ĳ

ɹƭ飬óˣ
ޱޱŹӷֳ͵ЦЦʲô
˵˰ɣӨӨһ˽ӡ
ޱޱһǸˣôẦأ
⻰һԵĳĬ궼Ǻš
СѡʧԶĲ˵һضѰ԰ȫˣ廹蹦̵£мأδҪΪս˵ǱӲˡ
ˣ
˴սģ
峤˳ˡ
߹˵Ҳ߰ɣ
µһϿȾͷϿɭǷǳ۵ģħ޴Ӹ߿ոĻֺһǳͨĵΣû˿ر֮
˭ֻ뵽ʮһ֧ڴפ
ϿÿϿжֲ棬Ȼηǳǽṹ൱ӡµţֻһǳ۵ɽڡ
ԶԶȥʱɽڲ̦һСٲôϸ۲Ҳۼһͨĵط
ǰµӣǽﲼаƵĻء峤˵䣬ӻһһ߶೤ʯԿףԿ׽ṹǳĸӣǶüڲͬʵľʯֻҪðԿײȥʯھͻԶֵֿܣɱȥǵĲƲͿӣ
һͬҪɱ
ȵȣס³çİˣŬǼֱɱȥûʤġ
򲻹ҲҪ򣬰ֵܲǿУ
ԣֵܲǿУ
ƴҲҪɱŬ
Ǳ𼤶԰˵һʱȵȴƬ̣ǱнȥѿŬɱ֩ŷңǸл᣿
ɱŬ峤ɫ΢䣺ûеطܽȥˣ
һ˵ô
Ҫµӵϸεͼһ۰µӵĻԺ󣬲ӹģȻǳ󣬰Ӳ޳һ͵ع
µعƷǳعΪ㣬ھײ㣬ֲŰ󶴺ʮв㣬䣬ֵʮϲֳǰ˰ٶӣרֲֳĳء
ӵĿռṹǵΣԽϲռԽ󣬴ԼʮͬʱЧʳԴ⣬ʹʮ棬Ҳȫпʵֵġ
ǿӣ
ֱһС͵³ˣ
Ҫǽȥѵͼޱޱ㿴𣿡
Ȼû⣡ޱޱͦأĴӦȴһǣֻҲ֪Ҳ֪Ŭ˲ƽȥóڴȺм䣬Ͷˣ
ߴߴ
СԴﲻ֪ʱһ˶ɲһͨһͫףɢĪơ
԰ˣֱӶСƨһ£ɻ
СצӱȻ¡
һȻָּۻۣ̫ûƤǲǣС絹Ҳʮ˽⣬һģֻͬ˵ˣˣʱһֺôˡ
ޱޱԳĳﲻ̫˽⣬ֻ֪һе㱾£һǳͨԣ̱һ໹ߡ
Сõ𸴣ۿʼͷʶ
ӺС۾ֱŹâޱޱϣצڵͼָһλá
û⣡
ޱޱռλãһһѴҶȥˣ˲ƶǳɱģҲԲĸ˾ͺķ֮һԪҲҴ˽ˡ
һӨӨ
ӨӨþͳͳһ䣬ͻȻͳһȫİգûһյƣȴһ㶼谵߳
ӨӨһ

һײöһӨӨʱˡΪŲŵһƬɫġողСһţƬͲɢӫˮ
ӨӨһɫĽ׹⻬΢⸲ǣȻһ
ȫĽ
־ķ֣׳۵ӲһСϪȫǶѻɽĸֲϣձԽΪ3ϵĸ߼ϣ
Ҳ̫˰ɣӨӨǳܶԳ˵漣̻ȱģǷЩϣ̾ˣ
ô߼ϣ
ܱɶٷ籩ǹԪڰ
漣̻ĿƼͼȫһηԾʽչ
һ쾾СβͣһѱɽһΪʲôҪѡصˣ
Сȫ̽ŻŻһգСֱ⣬һӴСɽۿɼٶȣȫСװ
С꣬ôôأӨӨЩƣЩǽ̽ô
СòмӨӨһۡ
ôҲʵóǲҪЩͭ˺Ҫôװһڶ۶ʱܺݺݵһˣ
쵰첻Ϸߣ
Ƿʰǵúúýѵѵ
Сôץõģ챻ĵܣǾǴ
źȻ
ô£
ôȻ
ֵǻ߽ҡ
ǿ˺֩壬ϰȽƣȻ°ȴ֩İȣٶȺܿ죬ÿһֻ㶼ֵһ㡣
֩壬һ֣


368 ɱ
֩ǰ˰󣬲ҪΪϰĸһģһʵʾ֩°ӣӽ̬ϰȽϣǺҲȫǲͬ塣
ȣûֻͣƽ֫Ŀ֫ǳ֩۾Ҳิ۹ֻǵͷǻҰɫģñȽϡ衣
ݵͿһֶôªˡ
ȻªԵģϾһ󣬱Ƿǳ飬ֺγǳªأ
֩˰֩Ƚϸֵһ㣬ǰر׳ܹھߡʵ֩ǳзǳ壬ƻײУǾͨ壬óʹþ綾Ǿḻ֡
ע⡣
֩˴ŽѲӣǸֵȲؽϷĦʵ֩Ȳṹ⣬ܹھ̵棬ܹͨԪֱǽϣ컨ߡ
ʲôĵζ޷谭֩ˡ
⣬֩ϲϸëЩëȻǰ裬渽֩еԪԪܹ̼䴫ݵΧʮףκһϸ΢𶯣޷֩ĸ֪
֩Ѳһ飬ûзʲô쳣
ѵǶˣ
֩ʱͻȻе壬оһǳ΢𶯣ƺʲôӽŵ״
֩˸ոյͷʱ򣬽ŵ׽ɫ˪סǸо²ʱѾ̫٣ǺԷǳٶӿ֩Ӧʱ䶼ûУ˲ͱһǵı
ýÿһ£˲صƬ
ץʱ䣡
С겻̫Ըóʶ֮ͨҰɢµĶעϸڣĶ졣
ڵڶĻһر׳֩ˣ˯ڴղƷ棬ֻ¶ߵ塣֩˸ǲ̫һģȻṹͬǰ֩ˣͲͨ֩һ
ϰƤɫģ沼ֵͼںģһսףһװε磬һ׶೤ִǹͺԡ
ûˡ
һ֩벮Ŭ
Ŭں˯Χӣȫ˿Сʶ˲䣬˿Щ˳ӡ˳ŵ棬ձŬϵĸӦṹ׽

Ŭ壬ųªĳ˴֮ɫʶʶڿ̽ˣ

˲伸ٸ֩ʿ
ѣŬŭغڸ˶йһҪҾ
̼䣬ǧ֩˾ͻԼٶȿѰڴΧѸѲǱߡ
СæԳȻ¡
ޱޱʣҵûУ
ҵˣе㲻Ѿˡ
ʲôôǵģ
Ҳû뵽֩ǵ˿ܸӦͨ𶯺仯ܸܵʶɨ裬Ƿǳġ
ŬټӣҪ͵ϮǲˣﵽѲ֩ˣһǷλãǵûˡ
ɫ΢΢һ
ȻʵǿҲܲסǧΧ
οӰŬҲһʵǿߣ
ΪޱޱĿռδɱǺ׾ܸ㶨˭ֲ֪ӣСЩˣ
ӨӨʣô죿
е鷳Ҳõġ챣㹻侲ʵҲûʲôµģСͨͷʶֱԾԵ̽κοռλãʹʶʶǲһġŬصΧ϶޹˾ͻὥɢܶȽؼ٣ǾǸʱѡ֣
ã
Ʋ⡣
ŬΪǱ߾ڸټǧ˿ʼ̺ʽÿ䶼Ź֩˱;гǿĸ֪˶ܼ¶ԷǱعҲ޴εġ
Ȼ֩ôȻҲԷ
ÿŬе㲻ѵԷڱһ˲䣬Ѿȥ䱸ɭϣַܴﳷԲǵ֮
ߣƻ󣡡ŬЩ겻ңڵߣҲҪҳҾͲţƾʧɣ
Ŭ֩ɢѲڹÿһڶֹܷԷϮˡǱеıٸܴܲǽɣʹǽϸ΢仯ҲԱ˿׽
οŬǳһѲһһٸӦκͻ
Ŭһֱ޷⣬Ϊʲôܽ
ʱ˿ֲβʶɨ裬һ־ҵңһޱȵֱӰѿռ⿪Ӳİѿռ˺˿
ãռŬʧɫСģд̿ͣ
ޱޱ˺һռͨԴ˴һٶ֩ΧڿŬߣޱޱֱһռնʮֱӱ⻬նΡ
ֿռ乥޷κΰ취ģ
ΪӿռŤγɵնǴӿռη𹥻ٽټ̵ʣȫ޷ֵ˺ѡ
ŬæͷųԪͼΧռ䣬ӶͿռĳɹʣɱǣ
֩µֱֳ
ꡢȻһһɱ˲Ʒʮ֩
ŬоЩ²ЩʵرǿƾסѸಿӶżһԼ˿ͷţЩ˳˿ݵÿһ֩˶ܵϢͳͳӿ
Χ֩ſٳ
ʮӣͻᱻΧ
ӨӨϽޱޱɵ
ޱޱһռնŬͳΧȻΪֹռ乥γɣȴܼռնγٶȣŬʱһȻ㿪Ҫһȴ
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ޱޱһʼ۸Ԫ
Ŭ龳ǿߣһأпռľ飬ϣԲǶ֣ӣ
ۣ
ŬһŶ̾Ҫߡ
ħ䣡
컯ħڶ״̬һǰ㣬׷ϿŬһȼջĽֱӿȥ

ŬоϢ˴ŻѰΪʩչֵڻѾ۷ĸ֣ͼֵ龳ʿ̫ˡ
־һǹ
˭֪ȫһʱͷųħԪ꣬ӽǿԪ꣬ýâ

ĻǹѺۣҲԶŬһȴ¶ŵı顣ȻŬռϷ粻٣Ѿʵܰʿˣ⼸ǲ鰡
Ϊ֮⻹ǵһγ֣ɣ
ŬΪȵķҲһ㣬ܺĶӲƴˣֻлѰʵĳеˡ
˵ʤ㣬ʵԪ֮£ֲʮغϡⶼҪˣûҪԸֳʤֻҪֹŬж͹ˣ
ޱޱʮͬʱٵĿռն

ŬҽбгɴСȵļʮ飬κλԪЧжһƬ


369 µС
Ŭһĳɾȼ۷ǿߣֻڻɭֵطҲֻ֡
ֹ֮صΪޱޱĶ֣ʵⳡսһʼûȫֻޱޱ֣ΪնݡĶʣֻҪǿûгĳһֵٶ๥ޱޱЧģֻҪСҵŬλãޱޱһ˹ȥлɵ
ⲻһرѻرΣյ
ȻΪֹŬֶߣΪΪΪǣϧղμսΪܸɵĵң컹ǴһˡϾ֮ͺڰʹˡ
ޱޱռ乥ķǳעһóȺܵˣֻܸն׻򹥻ҪĿ꣬ҪɱеȲꡣ
ˣ
ˣ
Ŭг飬֩ŹȻң֩ͨ˿ݻϢǳãеʱҲ鷳ڿֻűʱܹƲЧ
֩ձʵսĹļﻹǿ֣沼֩壬Լķ£֧ܹ侲еȴδزס
ڸʵܴսǿ߲Ǿ죬ĳ͵ͬھ֧켶ﱻɱʿɵĴǻԵġ
ɱǵĶ飡
첻ꡢȻǰȥλѾ۷ǿߣ츳ҾǿǿߣԪľǰǺѱ򵹵ġ
Ը񲻾߱鲻ĺԸ񣬼һ·ɱٶ࣬ԪĹ¹֮ڼ֩ŵĽеܾ棬ؿʼΧ
ĵֿûʼ
ɶǣǸ֮ܰŭ
ŭƿţؼ԰֧֮£˿񱩶֩ŷ͹֩ע켸ȺȺ˺Ȼӱɱ֩Ŵֲ
ֻһ
֩ʿױһ۲ˡ
ֻǼ֣ôֻҪĹԪܹʤģǧƵİ˷͹֩ʵȻռƣǶ־ȫһˡӶ԰Ǽ԰ȵŲǰĸֵȥȡģ֩ŶԲһĵ̣ѾˣûˣûҪΪ˶
գս
߲֮֩һ඼ɱڿ
帶ʮ֮һȻȡԻ͵սȫߵİæԸֱȻ
峤ż˳ʾֿл˵ֿ⣬װȫЩļһˡ
峤˵ʱеǳʹǰ˴ľƷȫˣôܲʹֶϵʣ´룬Լһ֧ӶӦûõģ
˵Ļ͸¶һϢ
Ŭ˶װˣرǿһ䣬ȻŰˣΪǲƭ˵ģô˵һǱڿŬ󣬰ذµ֮׼ô
ǿܣǿ϶ģ
Ļ˭η壡峤ᶨĳʥԣǿİԸΪ԰һѪ
һ޿ɾҩļһ
̽˵ʵҵһ⣬ܹܵĻס԰ðµӱñǰӷ١
е㲻š
ҴƭˣƭѺİˡ¶һЦݣϵĿȪȪˮ峺Ϊ˿Ѿ¶ˣ֪峤Ͽɷ񣿡
峤Ĭˡ
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⵹Ҳǣ˵͵仰أʵ漣̻ȤͶʰµС򣬰ȻӵаµСʵʿȨ漣̻ὫСΪתСó׻أȻΪѣ漣̻Ҳ縺𱣻µСʹ
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漣̻ὫڻɭΧһݵ㣬ݵ㽨Ҫģζ漣̻ὫԴΪ壬սӵɭȥ
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370 ͨѶͧ
Ĺݳǣ漣̻ᡣ
ǧսվ뼸ţ򡢽λĺүһһվǰһòĻ췢Ůվڸ߸ߵ̨ϡ
벻뷢ƣ
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ϹŴȳɤӸȺЩӦ쳹أ׶崩źʵʵףһĳرһ־
漣̻ỨѲСۣ֧սؼײţ
漣̻ûнž͸ɴѽæѵ˶ɳϽнóѵʱ˵һ֧ⲿӣ似ܣսֻнֹĻʿʾ͹ˡ
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漣̻᲻ʱٳһ֧
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ӿռֿͻĲϣѾ漣̻ƣһԪڣֻԪڡһǧѷ籩ǹ
ĸ߼ϣԪڣЩϱһ֧籩ǹѡ
ȥɭûãȻջʮĲϣ
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ڶ죬˾ͳ
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Ȼɭַ򿪽׼ͨ漣̻ͰµСͨѶͨµС֮󣬹ƾ֮ĲƷˡ
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Ƕ֩Ů˹ĺ˹ǻɭϵĳ֮һĺ鲼ɭ֣ȻѾγˣǿŬǰά˹ͬܣԱ˴˹ϵȽϽܡ
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ǧմѪԽճսʿڻ߳Ķħ
峹׾ˣ
Щ߶Ƕħ


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ؽŲңУһմѪѪϢճͿıŨŨɷ·ǴߵȻƲɢ
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ˣÿһսʿļ漣̻Ჹⰴ׼֧ʮʿڴսбֵҲܲȫͣ
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屾ǵλµǿ壬Ϊ漣̻Ŀսʿ˵һı䣬漣̻ḣźǲΪǳΪսʿܸߵʿԼرչˣÿսʿûκκ֮ǡ
˳
ǵʿʹһ
սʿһ⻰ȫĴʵһս֮󣬿սʿѾǳˣڿⰡ
ͰźˣӿռֿһʳЩսʿҲжֱӾͿʼԴȣǱ뺷ֿӣð嶼̾硣
սʿǶоѪսٿһ٣ֻǰˣոսܵˣڶ̶̲Сʱϣһþ桢ս죬޲ٴսһ
ǿսʿصˡ
һ֧ԽսԽǿԽսԽµĲӣ
սʿУҪŵرֻҪ֤ܳԺúȺþˡܴӸ߼ħȡӲϵѪսʵͨƺָܻܿҲ·޾㣬ֻҪȷʳ﹩Ӧ㣬߲սʮʮҹڻ£
սʿһ״̬һͷһӹȥ»ʿҲҵ÷Сװ漣̻ԪǼֱҵģ
Ψһвľǿսʿ̫ˣ⵼ս֮ս缸ѷűݺѹһЩʬҵģȫһ׺ѪĻȷҪĿûбɱҲǼѵ顣
Υ˵
Υ˵
÷ֱЩȻȫˡ
Ȼ̵սʿǿս֮ڶԳҲͶأ꣬Ŷ꣬һ꣬ĹôĹ䵽ĵز
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ȻɨսʬѻɼСɽڻƻʱ֣һѻȫȼ˲ճ˻ҽ
ȽȽ̣ɭ֣ζ
⸽嶼עŰµС򣬵ЩʱǶʶսѾˡ
µСٿһҪĻ飬ŴԲˣһ࣬һǰˣһ飬ʲô⡣
հ峤վǰ˳žսʿȫפС򣬳ΪµСıߣսСսУռΪٷ֮ʮϣ˳ѾٳСٷ֮ʮӵȨ
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ǴҶȽģ
ʵսʿֺֹռСսİٷ֮ʮأ°ٷ֮ʮˣֻͳŶӣԸ͹ԼӣҲܸ˶һЩ档
ĲСǿ󱣻ߣҲСӵȨͬʱҲõ峤ŵϿɡڰհµС¹ԶΪµС򳤣ϣúµСΪµٺͲʢ
ӨӨޱޱ¶ϲɫ
ССô򣬻ɭ֮أʽӵеһ̣Сܵ˵һõĿʼ
ǳ⣺лл˵ΣұȻ߾ܣΪСչף
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µӾһٶ޽Ѿǳ걸Ҽ̣ΧҲѹټλôڻɭֱԵ̫ЩĹעΧûǿ޷ԿĶ֣Ը涼ܷϳҪ
첻ֱӸҪ
ʶǺǿģֻԼȥҪͻ巴С
˳û͸¶ԼĿģȡð˵ĸмΣɿ˽԰µӽиĸµӸĸ֮󣬿ӹӣССʵѾˡ
˿Ȼڣֻаٷ֮ʮЩǰ̵ٷ֮ʮ򱻸ΪСΪ׿ŵĸĸ
ճʾפС򣬳ʵٸϳˣҲĸԸλý˳졣
ʵ˲
ȻӵпӣǲǰѲòϵľסͿյչˣȫȨƬ򣬶ڰ˿ӺͰǲֵģԽǸȡѣ
µСһϻｨĿĿˣҲĹɶڳСעʱĹɷݾͱٷ߰ʮٷֶʮ಻ΪСͶߣȻ˳µλá
˸һЩջ˸ࡣ
ǰȫԴõϣǽȼü֮
ǱԼδֵǱڰµСһֱйɷݵģÿʲô鶼һֺܻ졣ңµСԽ٣ôȻֵаٷ֮ʮǹ̶ڰﲻģЩ㹻׬ȡˡ
ˡ
ȻѾ򳤣ȻҪʲô
ֱӶ԰飺ѰҸɿĺ飬Ǽ˵Խ࣬µСչԽ죬λҲԽԽ̣
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ɭĵط漣̻ᵥвͨġ
漣̻ҪٵʵǾӦðָˣΪԼջ㹻ѣܿΪ̻̿
ⳡս۵ʤɭȻ󲨡
µСڻɭֱԵ룡
ƺװµСΪʲôôţȻΥڰɭַ򣬰հµСڱֵʵѾﵽɭΧĴˮƽˡ
ֻҪɭǾ㱩¶ҲްģΪܱ޷вʹܹвҲƴܾˣȥһս
ʱµСֹļƻҪóٷ֮ʮӵȨŸʵѣµСԼػ͵ǣȻͬµСĹ
ǰһվ޴壡
ɭ֣Ѳ⣬˭֪˻᲻ż˵壬ȴͱһأ
ڲһˡ
µС֩սѾչʾԼʵһѾҵǿˡ
ûʲô˸ǰµСΪµСʵԶԶļֵ˭ֻȥôӲûӪʯͷأԶ԰µļƻ㹻ȤϾɭһδ£оǴҶ֪һ֧վڰ屳


374 ɭϾ
µС򲻽ļϻˣͬʱڷԲٹʱС򶼷ųļսʿϢ˵ļϻ£˵ĻôԳߴļսʿǾ£ɢԱ
ɭӵĸ˾СвӱѡɱòɭʿҲһЩ䱻٣԰ƻƾʵĴ˵ĸ֡
һ˾޶ҪڸʱС򣬱˲סĵطǸסһˣȻɭʱСסΪʲôµС򲻸סأοµС֮󣬻нϸߵĵλʹء
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ĴڷԲǧһˣȻȫӺڰɭַ򣬵ҲСһƵǨΪֻҪɭǿߴѣ㱩¶һҲ޷ġ
ĸڲʱɳһ֧ʹţͬʱִµСһģһҲ׼˽µСƶȡ
µСȫʮԸ֮£µСԸ㣬漣̻ṩӦʳʣôҲǲڻ¡
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²ʵǿǻ뾶ŶֻһٹңеʳƤϡʣ뾶ȡġ
Ϊκһ䷢չȻԼƿ˿ڴﵽһ֮󣬻뾶Դ޷ôˣôȻᴥΣڽΣİ취Ҳܼ򵥣һǰңһԴḻĵڶǷּңһ䣬˿ܶȷɢˣѹͼˡսˣսĵ˿ڣӶԴԼ
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µСȴûƿµСȫԷԸ㣬пռĹĻ֧֣˶⣡
ĸʹ߶԰µСģͻеǳ⣬С洦ɼĳִĿƼҲ⼸˸еǳϲ
µСϿУһ³ǣԾ˵һǳ̵ĳǳءﻹǧİ˹ԴԴΪСװеܳΪСĺϻˣôװͷˣһҲǸ俴صġ
ʹСιۼ֮
µСٿһλ顣
Ƥˣߡı׳ʳħǱĹе飬дûмȴһˡ
⼸ͬʱһϡ
ÿﶼֹŹֱŤĸо
ʵЩһҲܹŹֱŤΪµС򳤻һˣһˣ˭֪ǰһȻһװ׾ࡣ
Ǵ½֮һƼչķǳ죬ɭȴ࣬Ƕ඼ûʲô̵ӡֻôҲ벻ףһôΪأ
峤ܵλ漣̻Ĵʼ˳죬ĲСϾռ߱ԱѡΪ򳤡λȻмСϾĴ㣬ôȿСĹɣ
׼ֵļֱðˡʳħдģЩļѾд÷ǳˣµС򽫿Űٷ֮ʮӵȨļѣѲҪͶκʺͽǮֻСϾռݶ״μ߲ܳٷ֮塣
ҪսʿսʿС֮󣬳ǲˣԭ䲻֧䣬СϾսʿҲѭСΥ档
ȵȣһЩǵսʿƾʲôܣ
ûҲʾսʿҪԼ
ЦҪδЩЦôһֻһ־һȻףҲ븶һ֧ӣջһҶûǰ;ӰɣΪСİȫͷչ룬ǾԲݸĵĻԭ򣡡
Ǳġ
ǲפµС򣬸仹֧Щӣǵң췴ô죡Ȼϲðգô
һǿƴɢ࣬ٲֲԼ˻֮УʱƶȽԼĲӣΩôܱԺӡ
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Լսʿǳţ
˸ŵʳħǸʳħվʳħǹ롢ֻҪսʿܳˣ
塢ˣȻǲսʿôܸӴޱȡΣ֮ʳħأ
΢΢һЦսô˵˵ѣڵ׸ռ٣þȷģǵܹƽøλ˾ԿģΪСȫȶ룬ҲΪϾӵȶ룬һμͽľӣսܳϾٷ֮塣ôǿɲСֺô򵥡
ĸ˶һ㶣ôʲôô
һѿԳΪ漣̻ĺ飬ֱܹӴ漣̻ṺʳҩװһЩ벻ĶǶṩͬҲ԰ѹʣԴֱɭչԴȫ漣̻ᣬǽԳɭгļ۸չ
ٶԣ
ٶУ
ĸ¶ȴޱϢɫ˵Ļƾһòʱʳҩôּġʱ򣬼ֱȫˮ
漣̻Ըɭļ۸չֲϣЩ˵һ޴󷢼¸ĻᡣǶǴͲ䣬ԴǲٵģںܶСǳﶼн׵㣬ܷЩ׵о׬ƲƸ
ڶϾ֮ǽγѹϵѲ˵µС򲻽ȨҲרΪṩ⣬ҪѲܵвʱ򣬰µСЭҪѶɹѹأְϣܼ֮£µСϾȥԮ
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˭˭óһ֧ӷĳǸԼһݱգѣ˻µС򶼴зһѵĻô϶õĶ࣡
ȷʵֵóԵĺ
ĸϸ˽̻ظԵĲ临ȥˣʵѾԲÿˣ⼸俪ʼѡսʿ׼뵽һ֧ɭϾȥ


375 ˵ĳ
ĸפذµСԼ˼Ͼ
ϢѸڸɭֽ׵㴫
µСҪ˰
һݷУĴǰéµСͱַǳۣλǿ֩ţȻʵʣӦòѷɫ񣬰µС£ĴѣԺ벻չȶѰ
֮ǰҾɭΣһС
ʱ˿̣־ɭȫСˡ
µС򼫾߿ԵĹҲǻɭִûгֹģ˭ԳΪС˻ߣһСĵطǿһȺӡ

ʱ֣Ĵ䲿ӵˡ
ӨӨϹӭӡ
ϹƼӿʱûаӵɳҿô壬ҪסǵСȷӣ
ǧƤİˣ׳Ű師ֵСӣ˳һѱҰԡ
ǧҲվСǶһЩ˶׷ٵĸ֣צҲϬܹ˺˵塣
һǧһǧÿнӽߣǿǿ壬ηǺصһ飡
ŵʳħʳħɭ֮һǴʳߣ˶󡢷޴һȺʳħ࣬ôּľǳеˡ
ʳħһ˶ӡ
ǾǷǳµˣ
ΪȫݻʳħԣܷԵһɵĶǶ⣬ˣΪˣǲĴºš
ʳħϸǻ壬һֽħ޺ǻ֮Ĵڡʳħûа취ҲûԪʳħħ޵ħҲʳħǿ
ͷʳħվǰǾСɽ
ʳħʹΧȹͺͺϣ̦棬ʳħûκǺƽģҿһͭƤʤκαУ޴ҲܻħޣִԶһֱ
ЩһӶս񱼼ȦΪһ׼Уٴһ޴ٸʳħ̼ͻ̨
ӨӨ﷢죬ǲǶ˵㰡Ǵ鷳ɣһЩһ﷢裬ǺòڽСǾҪٵˣ
顢ˡʳħǺƢ塣
첻ڰ֣ģܸ㶨ģ
һսʿǾϸѡģᣬǿ׳Ǳƾĸγɵţս;ԲСˡ

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ڻ᲻ᷢ췴ң
ⲻȫûпܵģɭﲻԭ˵пܷȴסĴ䡣ʵĴ仹ûʶѾˣǶ漣ֻ̻ԽԽٳˡ
ΪפµСӣƵġοκβڼµС֮󣬳춼ὫԲ࣬ӴԺֻ򳤵ƾսҲʰҾ֡
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ʵαɳģǲˣ˶û뿪ٹԶĵط˵µСʱǶһжеʡ
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ӭµС򳤳졣վһʯ¥ϣӸżǧ±ڿʼǽǰµһԱǻȫǵģÿ»ʵһöҩֻ𱣻С򣬹֤ͬĬĬСӣһɳ죡
𣡡
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Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ÿԺúȺãܵԼгıĺôȣǼֱ֮𰡣
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ЩսʿڰµСפһʱ䣬Ժ춼첻ˣ
ҪѰµСһԵɭֵĽģｫΪԵǿģͨµСȡø֧֣ʱʵ֮ʱǱǳ¹ķʱ̡
췢ݽ֮̿ʼֲ飬ģʽ±ƣӪΪλðǻ
ʵһԴϲ¡
ӳǶĸǱڵǿ˱ѣͿԱԺսǱֱӳͻҪǣЩڻɭܶˣÿһгĵصءɭǳḻȫԽǵȥռԴ
СĽǶڰµСפѾܹ̩ɽˣǸǿߣƾԲǧĲ壬Ƕеӷ𹥻
ЩսʿǶǴܺãرʳħʳħҪԱӲǼ׵顣Ȼʳħսǿ󣬵ʳħڲȴּģղòͬʳһܳԱӳŵúܶʳħԸΪˡ
ĴΨһĵطСӵȨϡ
һӶǲ侫ӢµСʳħϱ׼ЩսԲİٷ֮塣Щ˶Դ˵Ȼʮֲˡ
ԴˣҲû˷ѿǽ͡
ֱӰѿսʿǶһ
ҲͿ֪ˣЩ񻯹ˣǵֲܷ֮ŵһͷʳħЩһʲô
սʿǿսˡ
ǵڻ㲻漣̻ᵽһ֧ʲôʲô취ȻһͷԵ˱˱̬ĿսʿʿЩҲֻܹ˵ˣ

һСѣ
ٲһˣ
Ĵĵģ漣̻ĵ̡ÿһ˶ӵޱޱ˲ϢǧĿռ츳ÿһ֧鶼սһɽԽ˿ƣɭ嶼ûи罻ûа취γɴģƷá
ЩɭǺȱģرǵҩҩˮЩƷƫƫɭַǳΣգ̶ӻЯڴˣ⵼ЩƷ۸񱻳ߡ
ڲһˡ
Ҫж٣
漣̻᲻ԪʯҩƤȫΪҪǣΪ漣̻ѹϵ漣̻ǳ۵Ķ۸ԶԶɭ顣
Ĵܡ
漣̻·ȡ֮֮ߣȫܲռƤҩŻҩˮҩɭгչƤҩ˷Ǽٸԣ
˿漣̻͸ɭֵһ漣


376 Ч
µСĸЧĸ˽½½ֲЩµСӵȨӽٷ֮ʮ⿪ţ屻ϡ͵ٷ֮ʮţϡ͵ٷ֮ʮһȻ߱СľԿȨ
漣̻ῪʼС򽨾ƵꡢӰԺùݣ׼ɭС򣬴һִĳУӴḻµСǣٶȽȥΪɭֱԵָտɴ
ҲҪʼδˡ
СԽԽɭע⣬ֻʱ⡣漣̻ɭֱԵССпɣּ»Ϊʱһ㡣
漣̻ᱳĹٹ֧֣ĹվһСľɽˮԶʹҪ֧ԮҲ޳ĪɭȻֻͨٷչǷӦ֮ǰѸٳɳߺݸѣһ֧Ա
죡죡ӨӨûûعͷѾͷһ췿䣬мϢ
һŹֿʲô£
˵ڼʮǰɭҵһ;󣬴ԼİĵطϹ͸Űȥ֤ʵһЩƬ㿴
΢΢ݣΪӨӨƬȷʵǾɣֻģȻɫԭͣϳǰɫԭͽȻͬ
̺Ӱɫͼǰɫԭͣмɫԭͣ߼ǽɫԭ͡仰˵Ļ弸ʮǰͿ󣬾ȻһɫͿ󳡣ֵɾͲһˡ
ɫԭ͵ǿȴǰɫԭͶʮ
ɫԭҪƳԪأôܹϵԪܹӸߵȵĿƼƷرʺάִͿռֿĵĶܹԪȻǰɫԭܹġ
ãͷ˰ѵص㸽̽Ҫֲ֪Ϳľģ
ɫͶ漣̻˵е̫ˣϵĶ׼ûġɭֻĹˣﾡܱضǸԴҪûôˣɭеĺܣ΢е㶯ܻȷӦ
οʮΣƷǱ˸ƻʧɾʹˣ
ϹԴȥ̽ˣͷһٸİɡӨӨ˵ͻȻֽ˵Ҹոͨ漣ֿ̻ⶼ챻˹ȥĲϸűˣʱջ2ʥҩİٶ꣬Ʒʥҩٶ꣬Ʒʥҩʮ꣬Ʒʥҩʮ꣬Ʒʥҩ꣡꼫Ʒʥҩ
ĹÿһʥҩǷǳġ
ɭֵطͨҩҩʥҩһЩħ޳ѨҲֻܳҪðնȡĵЩҩŵĹκһңǶҪ൱߰չҾме漣̻ڻɭ棬ʮ֮һĴ۾ʹɹˡ
漣̻ڻɭ־̣ûжֿԵģΪͳ̻ɭ⣬ҪԵɱճɱɱʱɱ漣̻˵ڡ
ɭֵθӻն赲漣̻䡣
ɭضǵħ޻Ҳв漣̻ﰲȫ
ҪЧʣ漣̻ѿռֿЧκһ֧̻ᶼ޷ġɭԭͨռ͵ĹΪƷ֮ͻصɭԼ߼۸֣Ű׬ɹԭϣ˷֮£ͳ̻һʱ䣬漣̻ᶼ֪׬ȡٴˣ
ӨӨ˵ƷʥҩͼƷʥҩϴ𣿡
ӨӨͷ̽һݲǲɹ϶ˡ
ɨһ۾жϣЩƷʥҩͼƷʥҩձ鶼Ϊ͵ģֻмǽⶾơٵ;Ҳ˵ЩʥҩƳɵҩ֮Ǳʿʵˡ
꼫ƷʥҩرַǡʣǸѾ۷˷ãôпܴƿӶ˳ͻƵ龳硣
յԴѾԽѾʱҲòżСڵķչٶȣô
ȥֿ֪ͨǱߣЩҩ£Ҫҩ
Ųǰͷӵļ
ӨӨɴ۾ȫ
ͷϻǰ̻ΪʲôΪռԴôôú׼׼ǸʵˣУС˵˵ɭ߻ȶĹ鰲źã̵æɣʱûߣҾᱳʹڣڲ֪ûдСӣǶ갡
ڲԣޣ
ӨӨһۡ
ôûˣҲǹģȻͨӰͨѶҲʵʱ潻ӵĽʽܹûʵڡ
ɭѾȶˡ
ݸӦҲѾãʱôҶˡ
ߣǵСȥ
վסӨӨ֣ӨӨ΢΢һ죬ҲûзߵСгй䡣
С򾭹ֳһӡ
ǿϲռ䣬ﱾģȫɽгʿѲߣ˴ʳħˡ˾ǿѲ߶֮£û˸ڰµСΡ
粼ָּۻۣϣ͵۸һҩǰ̯ϣؾһЩֵĹߣԶһȺ˿ЩϡпʯڵѰҡ
Ը嶼֯ɽеĳ
Щǳ壬һֱڻɭֵײ㣬ڰµС棬Ҳҹˡ
ʱһʳħͯŴӾߡ
˵һʳħͯͱȳӨӨҪߴ࣬Ǵ׳첲Ȳˡ
ʳħһЩزЩӣЩħ޾ˣ˵ˡɡ
ӨӨȡһƷԪʯŵֲڴϣѡ˼Сʳħ̼лСʳħܵ漣̻Ƶһ漣̻ͷ
ʳħͷûеֿġ
µСľƵѾˡ
ľƵ겻һµСƵȻѾЩ顢ˡ˹˿͹عˣƵ겢ÿӪҵ׬ǮҾƵ꿪ǸǸɭṩһ̵ꡣ
ɭƼܲ⿼Ҳܲ漣̻Ԫ󷢽ͣ漣̻ʳҲԪ⿵ġ˰µСƵ꣬ҪӪǾˮ͹ͷĴ󶩵
Ʒһ漣̻ľƺһǧ漣̻ᶩͰʿƷ漣̻ʳ֮Ǹ쳤Щ궼ǰ׻ˣȻ漣̻ͷʮֻ
漣̻С￪ҩꡢҲһȻҲǽۣͷȴԲΪλӴ󶩵
ж١
漣̻ħͳٶ֮졢Ч֮ߣж·׼һǣôСôôණǹ۲ü죬ûм漣̶̻ӽ
漣ֳ̻ĪԽеηСһԤ뷽չҲǺܸˡ
ʱ
ˣʵŻܵǰͻȻ˺öྫ飡
һ㶣飿ľ飿
ʵʿˮҲ֪ģǿǣҹģǡ


377 ׽
ɭïʢ֦Ҷ顣
ֱĲҩͿʯ˸߲ҵĸȥµ·ϡ
ɭһֳ壬һɫƤͷСʵޱԳʳΪȻ߱رĵСһֱɭλ͵壬塢ĵͼ鶼磬һֱ۸⵼´ҲֱӽӴֻܸɵС͵СΪԲ͵ҩȵȡ
ֺܸˣѾǵĴǰµС·ˡ
µСƽȫ׻֮£ôҲᱻ۸ܴ󵨵İضóȡƷˡ
컻ʲôأ
ͷ
һһۡ
˭֪ʱ׽ʲô˳ȥʱǶʱŵûɢһŤͷߡ
µСϿһֻֻ̬ѩ׶ޣ԰µСչΧƣЩħ޾̰㣬׳УֱƷ治ǾƷʫеޡ
Եĸ߼ħޣʵֱܽ۱ڶϡ˵ͨɫǣô൱2ħޣɫǣô൱3ħޣˮ͸ĵɫô4
ԼǧͨɫޣΧڰµСǰ
ǵӴ󣬿ƶ޵ıš⣬ÿֻޱ϶һֹ飬һ˫˫۾µС
ȺܵĴ֣
ûһ⣡
֪Żٵؾ粼֡ŹСҲʳħ߼ڵǿ
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ûбŵӴܣҲܸҶԾȡκδʩ
Ҷ󲻽⣬ɭֵıԵΪʲôðôྫأǻɭҪ֮һϲ򽻵Ե޹ʽεôأ
үүһʮᾫ飬һɫľףһϸϸǹһ곤ľսѾõȷϢޱޱСǱܵɱȥСȳɣ
곤ӣûбԵôϣû̫ƣֻüëͷɻҰɫϢȣز¶ȻһƥͨͨĶϣڶྫԵΪͻ
Сܣ
˭ܰˣ
ϲӶܲµž岢Ǻս壬ûбҪɱ¾С򲻹һΧھƲʲôˣȰСץٺúõص龭
׹أçײСԸ棬һô϶ޱޱԸǳ˽⣬ԸλСֻѭѭյܲȡʩԾͷԸңȥǰСȥţ޹ƽ޹ܵ˺̰ޱޱͳһƳʷ壬ܲԱֶν;ʹñޱޱСҲϣ޹Ϊܺ
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׹ЩƽⲻɭֱԵһС䣬Ǹ߹ǿľ飬ΪʲôҪЩ¼ɭ
ڽеΪͼɱ¾ƺ塢鶼ǵ͵壬ϼ׳һֲ޽˵ΪһȺͼֱªм䣬ŻԵøŶ߹ԲҪƻĴͳ½֮𡣡
׹졣
Ҫ˵ˡϴϵֻǵ±ɭҩ͵飬ޱޱ벿¼಻صĶһɲǣ
ޱޱ졢ӨӨ˳ˡ
ãޱޱԶԶڶϵľ鳤ߣɫʱһ䣺Ĵϣ
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ԣȻȻǿ󣬲վ崫ͳÿ鶼Ҫȥһʱ䣬̻ܽ塢ѧϰ棬ʽ֮󣬲Żᱻ䵽ȥְ
ʱÿһ鶼ǺҪġ
ޱޱΪСŮȻأ͵߲䳤ϵҩȻ䶯޴ѾھɺܲõĶӰˡ
׹ؼޱޱ¶һ˿ϲɫ뿪£嶼㣬붨Ǳɵƻƭ˹ԲŻֻҪش¼࣬ԼһЩ𷣣
㲻Ҫ˵˵͵ҩģҳҲģȫһ˵⣬һϵûУޱޱ޾ɫҲûκλڹ֮⣺Ѿ漣̻ĳԱˣǲǻȥģȥ߸ǰͷӣѾҪոı侫˵ļˣһȥʱһ츣ȫģ
׹ɫһ䡣
СȻƻˣ
ô˵ֺ
ɶЩƻα࣬ϲƭǵľ飬ˡޱޱҲƻ󣬸Ҫһȣ
ޱޱԳƳΪʲô̻һԱȻĸԸΪ飬ֱǶԾ£Ǵ󴥷Ϊ

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е㲻Ծվ˵λˣޱޱȡҩΪ˾ңϣѾ
죡
׹ľǹ͵һ̵棬оų˲ס塣׹һǰǹ̹
׹ʮĴкģʵҲѾʮˣֻǱ΢΢СһѣǳɳȽϻ͵ľ飬ʵѾˡ
ο׹زϵӣΪȻﵽһصˮƽ
ޱޱ˾ҪֹԸ׹·ϤʵͿռ츳ҪƷ׹غףǲޱޱ֣ϸһޱޱϣ˲ޱޱԪסˡ
ã
ռòˣ
׹سǹҪ졣
ɫҲһģظ޴ľ飬˴ˣȻҪɱӣҪôҾͰ׻ӣ
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֮˲˺ȫֱӿħĵڶ״̬Яħƣͷһ׹ȥ
Ѱضһء
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ײ
˫ͬʱ˿·磬׹صľǹѾһڤȼˡ
а׹ذľޱޱ߹ݺѪͳôܺЩαµһ𣬸οһа֮ҿԸ壡
һñӿ۵ԽԽ
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378 
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ǵɫˡ
һֱڼΪ½߹š壬ھȻ˰ǸʳħᲢۣǶԾĵֱӴ
ӨӨǿɱңҴ򲻹ǣһҪ˵ҿˣ
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ӨӨ˵öԣޱޱҲǻðɣǰҲþѺõ壬Ҷöˣ鲻ŪɱˣǾ𣿡
ɫ粻հڰ֣𹭣Ŷλ¸С˵öԣǷй壬׹أ嶯ˡ
׹ؼڸޱޱϾޱޱôᣬܲΪС飬ǰ;ٵɡ
岻α
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ӨӨȥһҲ޷ҲǷǳף鲻ȥһ£ôʼǸͷ鷳һ壬ʹڼҲ൱֪һڹصظ壬Ҳ֪Ըǵİ취ΨһĵǣµС᲻ܵӰ졣
ת˵鳤ϣԸϯ鷨ͥȥ֤סȻڼƽ壬鷨ͥûǰҾͲȷǷΪˣȻûҵĺϷȨ棬ǲӦأ
鳤΢΢һ㶣ˡ
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ƵСǻѲѪģҴߣСػң޹ѪҵĲƲҲܵʧ˵Ǿ崦²ɵĶǲǵжԹϵ岻Ӧƻ˼԰ǰ񱣻Сİȫ
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ӨӨǷǳʱڣάСȶ֪ͨС㣬ִ֣
ãӨӨȷʵ壬԰һ㣺ҲҪСģ
첻мЦЦ
Щظļһξ֮У
ο챾ûʲôǾˡ
һģ
ӨӨģޱޱҲǸ˵һ֤׵ģ
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ǳңԶޱޱÿռƶãڳ޸··̾Ѹ͹Գˡ
ԶҲҪ켸ҹĸ·ִܹ䵱С˵ľأԶ׷ݵʱڡ
˵Уǧɣܴʮںʱڣһ飬Ĺľ档ȻѾˣ˵ںʱҲ˺ѣȴһľ塣
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Ϊʷ̫ƾˣʷΪĸַʽǳظʳŲ˼⾫ӡ
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ھûпһ㣬ȻǴ½һضо鲿ֲȻִΪǴ½ǿšе塣
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Щһ￴һøߴľʱ̶ڳ˯Уżһֻѵģܱ仯ɣһߡ
ӹɣ塣
Ҳһ϶صˡ
˵֮ݻٺɴص׸ɵģĳ뾫ԨԴǳƳ˵ܻ֮ã
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Ȼǻоԣǻ۴Уÿһ߶վ߼ϣе֪ʶǻ۽ᾧԼٶȴСǻۣʼվ򣬶߲ͬն
ޱޱСˣ
鲿һ֣庢ӣԳ㣬˷һվ֦ϣÿ˶Ŵ۾ŻĶ޶顣
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죬𣿡
û뵽㣡
죬˵𣿡
Щ麢Ӹ㲻ȫкмһɴĶϡ
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ۣ庢Ƕˣľ˵ãһΪ඼أ
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379 
ĵһֱͦģвѷɫǻۣƾʷ壬ȴᱻ۸Ĳӡ
Ϊʲô
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սʤʼձڰٷ֮˾ʮңʧһ֧ӣпܼ궼ʧһֻӣʮ齨ڶ֧˴򷨾ܲ˥
׿治Ӿ屾˵컹Ϊϲġ
һ棬ʢŮȫѵҵõªߡ
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˵챻Ѻڼ䣬յ̲衢ˮġ
죬ĹأһŮһ˫аĴ۾˵һʿҿӰﲻ̫һ
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ʵҵܼ򵥡һ˵뿿ҵ˫ֺǻۣȫ½˶Ϻӣ˳ӨӨʹСǣԽλ棬ǰԨ̽ռİء
Ƕ۷ֱ

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ȻӨӨڣޱޱΪѡ
˵һظ壬ģֻƷʲжãΪһ˵ǽթ档
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ޱޱӨӨΪѣ
ѹޱޱҪ͵͵벿䣬ԭȥȥˡ
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ЩС˵ʵҲʶʶԸʺ뾫ѡҾͿˣҾ岻Ϊѣϧϧ
Сһϧ
һߺڵľ̲裬һ߸С̸˵أǰļʶǾܹģ̾ͰЩСһһһ㶡
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Сһȫһɢ
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˿ĶϣҪľǴͽ䣬챻Ѻ͵鲿УȻҪˡ
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Żң
ҲŲף
ǰ;δΩ壬ȫ¡Чʣ㱻ˣִжһغ飬ôʱû취ԼǸɴĨɱˡ
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ڻĬĬţҵܴ½ʱȫȫ½֪һŽг죬Ǳһαľԩɱġһ㶼ǫ˵ʱ򲻽𣬶ͿҵԾ忪սĽˡ
ûôҪˣ˿һԹȻû嶼һЩƻթαˣ
Ĳˣ½пܡʷһתôҿҲһˣӦѧʲ٣Ӯ㣬ͷҳô
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ǳرøһģһֻǳر⣬һССĳԳ״ǺӨ͸ǳľƯ
ڹϼ塣
ССļһǻ֮飬Ҳھһ֧ҲӣҪССģʵ


380 ɭַͥ
СԴ峺͸ʣƺҲԻǳȤΪСѾоˣССŷǳǿ
ѽѽû뵽
طл֮Ĵڣ
Դ˸еǳ⣬һ̽߷֮ıء
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ڶֳ԰۶ôֵıҩֳĽңֳҩٶʮߣʮҩһʱ㹻ˡ
ܹ̽ͨľݺʹأһƬɽвʲôĻܺɵҳðߵϲ
ȷɵڻ˵Ҳ˵һЩģ绨ǼƷϣкܶаҩʦֱӰѻҩֱܹҩƷʡ磬Ʒҩ뻨ĻôƳҩƷֱƷ
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漰ܸ߼ĿƼǿռ似ˡҺԸ壬ֻϧڵңǰĪ̾һ˵ܿȷҲҵź
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֮󣬰˿ѳ鷨ͥѾúˡ
ҪԷ˵ݣȴܾˡ궼ûп鷨ͥΪޱޱĹϵرйע
鷨ͥʱȴ˺һ
鷨ͥһƬ֣Χֲżʮþ޴ľÿһľжʮϱô֣һߴӰεضкܶȻпؽṹѾ飬ï֦Ҳվźܶྫ顣
ⷱʽͽСʱޱޱͱ˳
Χ鶼۷׷ף˶ǵһμ࣬Щδľ麢Ӽ֣һǳȴֺǵǡ
ǰмһϣһվԱ߷ֱļλϣӦþǱеԱˡ
Ǿĸ鳤˹Ͼ򵥵ĽһԼɭ֤֮֮¡ھͿʼ鷨Ժͥ󣡡
춼е㲻ͷˡ
ھܺˣϰ±ɭ
鳤ϰ±ɭ߳С۾ﲻЩ𣬲ϾܺߣСʵ̫ˣβѵǵ첻ɡ
Ѿܲͷ̫ˣʲô鶼̣ʲôʱЧʵ㣿
ʱΧ˼ǶĿȥֻһߴޱȵ˻ߵֳ
˹ЩʣΪκȻ٣
һǲģʱ䶼ֹû뵽μӣҲ첻ѵʱΪһֱ˵Ŀ˵࣬Ŀˣǲϣ⵽κ֮
⻰һ嶼סˣ׼ô죬ȡ֤ģòҪһιƽеʱͻȻðһȺˣÿһ˶е󾪡
ԣҶģûΪϷҲǻĿˣ


381 
ⶨ¶¶ڰæˣϵǳܣ¶¶Ҫǰѳ壬ô岻Ӳܵġ
Ȼ˳ųӣôٵˡ
챾ȫ˵ģڿȫ˻Уһôɡ
пʼһ˵ޱޱ˽벿䣬ǰȣδ飬֤ݱޱޱμӵսУսɱһĹΥѵ֤ȷ䣬ٵʮգ
ͣһ˵ޱޱ͵䳤ϰ±ɭҩ˽죬֯Ըʶ䣬Ϊ๤𺦾󣡺ִ෵ػɭ齻֣ɱ֩Ůǿ˹񻯾ϵԾ⽻ǳӰ죬ٵһգ
ó˵ޱޱΪСŮȴܻӰΪӣҽ鵱شðṫݣдĽգ
ꣿ
ڶྫ鶼
ޱޱЩָء˹ʵʲô˵ģ
ǶԾ˵ҲС뱲ӣоܹôصĴޱޱɫЩףȴҧغһӡ
ȻޱޱΥоӣ궼ʮֺޱޱ飬ӱܵΣ
ֵˡ
ޱޱ͵ȡҩʵǽ죬ޱޱ̻֯Ҳǳ죬ޱޱսԼԳսУȫΪĹϵ
ƭӾ飬ڴ½ŷȾ°彻żʡÿһ鶼飬ޱޱЩоһޣҪʩҽ鴦̣
߻ۼӣȫ˵ͷ˵ޱޱоȽصĻôڳоͺˡ
ɶļһ
Ȼõľ壬ֱǲԭµģ
Щ͵ľ̫Уɭﾭᷢ鱻˷ץߵ飬Щ˷ץ֮󣬾ȡ۾һûеߵ塣
ȻûʷޣǾԲϲ壬ӴûһĿĵģԶޱޱҲȻþܵ˷粨ʹɱʮ˱ҲظӰ졣
˹Գ˵࣬ǹ壬ڸһĻᣡ
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Ȼ鶼磬Ѿˣڳƣ
˹ޱ飬ֻǵ˵߹飬㷸޼£ֻټһȣȰԣ᲻ˡ
߹塢šϲԼǩ첻Ȼ޾˵ҼȴһȺ̼ظ˼ȡ״ֻԻʷУȴδųЦǣЩųƫƫҪƶĹأȥȺߣȥȺڵӢۣޱޱˣ
ҶɵˣޱޱԼסˡ
ʲôʱɾӢˣ
ĸˣ
һǮϵô
˹վںԣȻᣬǾͲҪ־鲻ˣˡ
鳤ˣʷֱָ˹ֻһ⣬ƿҲиˣô꣬ΪʲôӸλֶԾʲôı𣿡
˹΢΢üͷ΢˵׷ȻɡΪΣЩٵôף
ѾˣȴߺΪΣȻΪΣҪʲôɴɢˣԴԽԽϬԻͣĪԽУٵǾ飡λͣ޹ۣ˺Ҫſ𣿡
˹ڱŭˣ¾ƢٺãҲܲ˳裺ãǵ㣬ޱޱֶԾ磡
쿶´ʶޱޱ˵ޱޱɽҡҷѰҽȾ˵ķͨ漣̻ĲƷ֪ǴʱļΪܹΪȫµĿƼޱޱϧðյȡҩԶڴΣ֮䡭
ͼӴ˵һ顣
ұ壬Ծɭһ֪ʶޱޱʽޱޱʵ򶯣ޱޱϳ˹ѧԼĿƼޱޱ֪̰棬ǱĲֻѧþնƼٻ쾫˭֪ǶһƬ֮ģô
ھƿԣȾڡ
Ȼʣü궼ûùӺú룬ĹֻһСƾʲôޱޱҲѾΪ֮Զҵʵɭֶ޷Уƾʲôܹƭɭľ飿
˹üôޱޱô֪Ĵڣ
ޱޱ߱Ϊ·ۻɭҲһλ
ʵôᱻһѾʿƭߣȫ飡
˵ǾҪĳλ鳤ˣ
ʱһЩСǰ±ɭϰѲŻز䣬ǶǴӲŻʶģ
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ޱޱѯʳһۣͷŴ˵һֱǱ촫ڸҵĶռ书նݡѧϰռֿļ
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ھ鶼Ǵһ
ޱޱһֱûкԼÿ˶׵ģѵѾտռ书ܰռ书εϡУôõĳ
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ұץ֮ǰ漣̻Ŀռ乤ʦޱޱ޽ͦͦأѾһռֿ⣬ɵڶռֿ⣬ٿͬ⣬ռֿʹõġڶռֿ⻹ûãͱǸץˣ
ޱޱռֿصϸǽһ顣
Զһ𣬰˿±ɭȫɴ۾ôĿƼѵѾ˵زô˵ĻüһԼˣű೤üʷȴ˦ôԶ
ھտռֿ⣬ӽκμ뾫ֱ˵ڴڹĹȫҩ֮ˣҪɱҪоɣ֮嶨Ϊұţƽɭ־ģҲΪԶʷĳϣ
ޱޱһ
֪ڹ̼ǡ
ǰһжˣȫǻˣ±Ҫ궼ûʲôӦʱʱˮŭңҡֱΪ飬ǸɴҹһǧɣҲ뿴ˣ


382 ɭػ
漣̻Ἴȫ½֮ʱسʷϾصĴߣô˵ļпܷˡ
ڰɱ죬屳ҺпܻΪԺĽڡ
ھпܷԾԣ㲻̫ʱ䡣
˿˵ĻΪں˵ȫֿԡ
ѵҪַȥɱôϰ±ɭĹĹиƷ仰ʱвһݡ
鳤ˣҽ鵽Ϊֹڱԣôȡ֤֮ϡ
ã˹һʱò⣺͵Ϊֹ
ȴûػȥˡˡ
ޱޱϣһȺӵ뿪ϵޱȵĴܣ漣̻ʱ䲻ȴҵһȰ飬ΪӶʧȥˣôޱޱ˵һǰδеľ޴ˡ
ޱޱ˿ߵޱޱǰ鳤ȥһˣ龭
ޱޱʲôý͵ģ


ʵйأһԽӴ󣬻þԽãʵҲԽǿᡣ
챻˲ʱ̾ͼһٶ׸ߵǰһ߲ɽ̾ڴˣ֦辳ïҶÿһƬɫ䣬ɢʢޱȵ
˫УƺѾûŲ磬ӣɣ¸С
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һˣһĹȥǿ߶࣬ο˲壬ڻǿ޷˹߱ǻۣҲþ֡
¸ң¶¶һȺڳƣ֮£ôĽѵ飬˼Ҵ۽ءһЩ꾫鴦ϣźá
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ˣκõģ
ߵ˹ǰǳòľһȴ˵𾴵ɭػ˹µʲôԸ
˹ɭĴ˵֮һ
˭˹еʮֽţȴûбֳκһ˿ʣɫԴǵõֻһ˵¶¶еǳ壡
డһǻ۵ĲӴдԾƺڼ屾Ǻö壬޷Ĺ۵㡣
˹һǿˣֻҪԸ⣬Բǧܱ׽Ծ鷨ͥ飬ȫһ
˵½ԹŶףԭڣԴ֮֮ԣᣬ˽ежĿԳɫ֣бԾעɱ¾ͱĴȾװĻԶһ죬ѾΪʱӣԴǾܼ񣬿ǶԾ˵ȴһġ
˹ԳĻÿɷ񣺡ļʶǻȫŲΪ֪ܡ
ѵ϶ʲô
һ϶ȻԳߣ³µǻۣҲǲ̫дġ
澫񡣡˹ƺЩ鲢̫Ȥ뵽˲̸ͣ飬۶Դֻ˵һ˵ӵ顣˵а취֣֪мְգ
˵׵ȥҪҲǼ׵顣ȻһգҲҰٷְٿ϶±ҪһԲС
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վһ࣬׸òأ
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ڻԵɺ֮£Ƭмںʱڵ飬ҲһЩźͼءҴöᾧУȻ˽ص㣬ٽ¶ԿռоΪһַǳЧİ취
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Ѿܻ꣬һļᾧǿһĪĻԵ
ǷǳȤģǱϾһǿѣܻ֧֣漣̻ɭҲͺ޼ˡԸ˵ǺͺƣѾ׼ˣһ˸סһ׵飬Ͼǻ۲ǰ衣
漣̻ᡢ塢壬Ҫôȫпֳ
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ӵв˼Ĵֳܽôһ޴Ӱ죬Բˡ飬弸밡
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΢΢һ
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⻨Ļ԰ǲر֮أͨ˶ûлӴĻᣬôܻأ
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ͺˣΪʲôһƬûסɭأ
¶¶ٶڳ˵˵һʧɭְɣһǲҽȥģΪʧɭȻ󣬵ɭ澭ֻþκζһݵþ棬ôͻ᳹ʧҲˡ
Ȼ£ȻЩܣɭԶżؾ𣿡
ǵ¶¶ҡҡͷ˵ΪʧɭֵĵһֺرĿʯֿʯֱӸžþ޷԰Ρ
ԭ
ְ׸һ
˵һֱӸžʣôҲ˵һ־ԵĲϣ¾һǿҲᱻֿʯţ˵ֿʯ̺쳣ǿ󰡣
¶¶˼̲סʣʲôأ
ŶûʲôҲ֪һѧߣΪһѧأ֪̽Ǻǿҵġ°˵˵ʧɭ⾰ʱҾ̲סе棬ʲôĸأ
ԭѽ¶¶˼˵Ҿʹȥɡ
ⲻǽ𣿡
ûϵʲֿͬܵþϮ¶¶ȥɼأԲаȫ


383 ʧɭ
ûȷޣֻҪɱܵƻһֱȥԶϣԶ
ΧЩҲû˶꣬Եһ¶¶Ϊ׵ʮãѾѳȫȫɺѣϣԴϣ·ȫǸռˡ
ЩСȾ黹ƭûһĵġ
Ҫʲô֮ĵĻôЩһ϶С
ǰʧɭˡ
촩ïܹľȥǰɭʷһܹомǿ
ˣ
СŵζĹһͻȻӳ·ֻ۾֮ɫ̴ӳľ档
¶¶ϽѽΣգ
ʧɭǳΣգӵص׷ľǧЩУкǿƻԡǾ顢ˣħޡϣֻҪֻҪ˼άһ񾭲ᱻӰ죬ӶԶʧ档
¶¶ҪȥС꣬һգС껯Ż˲ƵɭСվУûͣ͵һΧʮ׵ȫ״С̽
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ǳĵش˱ȻǴ½֮أǳĳ㣬ˡ顢ΧɭУϡҩݺͲϲ򶼱ժˣôɭһ鴦Ůء
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վŵƬݵأ԰ƶǼƷֲݣȫмˣǰƪݵزƽˣĹ򼸸
ֲʧɭĲҩ
С궼ģ굽һľסһ˲ΰֲ˲䣬̾ͷֲҩһΣⲻΣһ㣬֫᲻ϵ﷢ƻľ
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δôľʯȻǼ亱ģֻ˵ش޴󣬶Ҵȷǳ֮ߣᴿ裬ֻҪڳܹʹá
¶¶Գ˵ضǿʯֿʯ嶼ʹãҲֿ֪ʯôʹãԼǧһֱû˹ܡ
ߵһǰȻγɵľַΣȻ״ô򣬵ôҴôߵĿʯóоܳԾ
ҪǣǾԲϰ
ϡ֮һʲôľϣǶǷǳǳģֻʱƼûҵǵʹ÷ѡ
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ʧɭЩǿɱȸѹ绹ҪΣգֻͨҪһ£ͻӿڣ屾ľεһи֪˼룬ô㱻ͬȳȥҲֻóΪһֲˡ
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¶¶ȿų죬Ϊʲô첻Ӱ졣
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ô˵ЩûҪõҪʯֻҪߣ嶼ԥ͸ġ
΢΢һЦû˵ʲôڳʮصľʯһҶѾʯƼȦֱܱӺ;ʯӴӶ¾ܵӰˡ
õģѾˣھȥʶʶļ԰ɣ
ѽѽ
ǻΧųɼȦ뿪ʧɭ֡
Ļ԰ʱʱгĿɿڴ
һƬĺɽҰϿȣȫʢɫʻдзӰССͬһ㣬Щˮ㴿ϾЩ̸߹̺죬ʮ𺳣ٻ㼯ŨŨζоλð硣
԰ټƵĻڻ԰ﴩ
סطȻǷӣһʢĻ棬ÿһСŮĴžӨ͸ĵڻ裬зɹطһƬķ۳
ʮ˵̫ˣ
ʮֵ¶¶һЦտ̴԰
֪쵽ȫۼ缸ǧֻȫӵڳߣų쵽ĵط͡
ʱ༸֪ЩӵĴڣǶҲǺ޷ĵġ
˵Ҳ
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һȴڲԶδ⵽Ⱥ
Ѿ֮ʱȴ⵽ƭ类ߣಶ׽ѵūЩҩʦ̵ıϣˡ
һжûз
ȻʱбҪıЩ飡


384 Ӿ
ֲ½ܼԻ԰ĵرضǣвƷĴڣҲѹֺϲԻĵ̣߱ߵļֵһȻı⡣
ǲģЩ˵ûκôģֻղصİöѣÿ궼ͳһǵľѣڳڻ岿ͣȻһд
ڰٻݵ֮ϣΧȫƯɰС顣
ЩСＸǧ꣬û뿪һٹĵطֻĬǻ۵ˣлԾѺõľ飬ȴûм½塣
ǼǧΨһһҹٻ԰ߡ
󶼹͹漣̻Ӱ磬˶ԳӲİַǳио˵԰ʱ򣬼лܹˡ
Źһ
԰ǧϡкĻ˵ѾһǳӴˡϾ޷ͨΪܣÿһֻǴɭĹ屦
ӾƣֻлѲƷ
һ仨ɫܱɢŨŨ΢Ļ棬͹âҺʡ
һ
Ȼһŵȫֻÿһë׶չÿһϸ·𱻹עǰδе
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Ʒƣַƫƫôͨһҩֵûܿʮ֮һҩװ˷Ѵ룬ⲻǱǲڸʲô
𻨱һ
Ӿûа㷲׾ƾУֻŨޱȵİٻζøоԲǷܹģΪѳԽй٣飬뾫ꡣ
оÿһϸŨ˺񻯳һıҩԪܵǰδͲ˲ͻͽ
⡭
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˷׷׷ɵΧ˫ֶų죬ÿͷӡǣк
ܹоһɹͼ壬ڰ콫ӴתԪתЧʱȳԼߡ
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ԪӻѰΪǵѰ۷壬ֱӴƿˡ
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ɭ֣˹һ۾԰ʱλµˣȻ¶һ˿Ȼ֮ɫ
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ޱޱʾնݣþ鳤Ƕеǰδе𺳣ż־ױȿԵĿռ漣һĴڡ
ޱޱո£ûʹκβϣСδܹκβﵽصĹ
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ǧأǧأһʮأ
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նݾͲһˣ
ޱޱԵͼʿѾǷˣǴӿռϴӶκʿĹֻҪǿûдﵽǿȣٶ඼ûģ
ޱޱΪĹ
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ն˽⻹
նȷʵһͳռ乥깥ʶ֮ģȴȻа취Ըġ
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ѾųĻˡ
һһţҲһŰ
˹ǿѹ𺳣ʲôռƼҲչʾһ°ɣ
ޱޱ϶û취ٻռֿģȻտռֿļԴȴǾԽ⣬ֻ漣̻ƵܹṩȶָЧԪ
һ뿪漣̻ᣬޱޱҲû취ʹòֿġ
ޱޱޱµĿռԪ󻭳ǰδеԪʱÿһ鶼ˣǿƼֱ񼣰
һֱǽġ
Ϊ೤ʮ궼ֹԨѧʣ嶥ѧߣԾȻ֪չɿ죬ҪϾ壬һûܵġ
Ԫǰʱ
ͽױ÷飡
鲻ȥܿռֿô棬ǰռԪڣѾǾ弸ڶĪĿƼᾧ
ʲôʱѾչ鶼Ҫӵĵزˣ
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ͬʱоΣ
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ޱޱ˵ڲʵǱȲϾģֻг첻һǻ볬ʮ꣡
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ȻôûӣǾȴҶ죬ɱ죬ۣΪ뾫ս·ʡ
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Сֱǿһأ
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ˣˣϽǳԲģٶ඼ûãԲ۶ô˷ѣ

꣡
Ȼֳ˲עԲȣټֵԴ̣ˣ
ЩԴҪǶӣҾ龳һض´࣡
С걾˹ãһ˲ǰһɨȫ³ǿһ
Ƿһ̾С׺ܳԣ
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ȻԸ񵥴ںɱ˴ЩҲװϽȥС׼ڼˡСһԲƤ
νҲԹˡϾʧɭһͨڻ԰Ժȣڻ۵Ѿǳۺˣ¶С˵Ҳһ󱥣
С׺Ҫ
̧żɫľż͹
Сľżʱ̸˵ЦǳצһѱԻǹ֣һмĶǵûǷ׷Ц
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һͷˮ
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ÿһΪ棬ȫչڴų졣
ȲһԪһδŵԪ󣬸ǰùκһԪ󶼽ȻͬΧۼޱԪһ㹹ȻʲôԪ󣬲Իϸ֪츳ܹоԪɢһּɶµľ񲨶
ѾᾧǶԪۣŽС³ǶţԪʱͱһǿľڴвתγһȻܸоľ硣
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ԭ½һ֪
ԪﾫƾĿǰ̶޷ӹɣһԽʱĶ
Ի˵
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ʧɭֱ췢֮ʧʯȶǿԣ쾫ľԭϡ
ļֵþô򵥣
ҪܴһоңоЧʽʮܴһͼݣ˲źѧ߾׵öˡ

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½뾫ʱ
ޱޱԼֿռƼڴȥ̽Ƽ±أ


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һĸ壬ơѰֲ죬ЭЭսֹܼһС֣
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ռ䲻˭ܴģÿռ񿪱һ磬жзȫǵһȥģռ䷨ȶͻìܣռάֲ˶þͻ
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ռ乤ʦþ߱ռ츳񹤳ʦҲҪ߱츳
¼֮󣬾񹤳ʦһҩʦʦҪһְҵ
ΪܳΪҩʦʦ˺ܶ࣬ܳΪ񹤳ʦͺˣϾ츳ʮϡУһֱ̫߾񹤳ʦۡ
񹤳ʦƫƫַǳӴ󡭡
Ϊһɼǧ˶ľռ䣬ҪĹʦά
Ȼֽ׶Ԫδ޷ǿݾһɹҡһĴȫܣҪ˲ţСͿռȫûġ
֪߱ʶ츳Ȼ̶֪Զͨȫ߱츳
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첻͸üôôǰΰ
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ԳֳݣټԾϲгᳫĻ˵ûһҪ
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ãһץģ
Ѿȫų첻ǻˣôһǻ۶Աɭֵôǻأ
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קʲôק
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ǲߵģ
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˵Ҳþˡ
壬ɹһûʲôս壬˿ҲǷǳϡ٣ɭ־һСȺѣΪʲôҪͻ
״Ϊʲôᱻ򶯣
Ҫ漣̻һ磬ı½˾ٴ½սǵɭ֣һ󣬶̬ȷǳ˵鲻Ҫɶˣɭ֮͸ǵǺƽʹߣԲǻˣ
߿
߿
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ǣһﵽʲôȻѻת
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ȡָأ
ȡָأ
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˿Ҳﻢ£鱾ûٴɱ죬ƫƫͲţ
˺
Ȼȥ
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387 Ҫ⳥
˿һز龭߾顣
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Ȼ
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ΪԶ˲ɣ
ɶΪô鲿һС㲻öܴʲôѾ
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뻨ǧ꣬Ϊ¶ƻ˹üҪ֪黨԰׷ʲô£ȥһ
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Ҳ뻯ìܣԾͰ龭˵һ顣
ţžˡ򵥰˵һ飺ڳ˾ռ⣬׼μӰЩѾʼ׼ˣ͸ȥС
ӰЩϵЭĻӰӾҲӺÿģһǳϲӰ磬ͰݹҲˡ
Ǵһ
ǧû뿪԰
ôΪһİ˾أ
Ƿǳģѵ֪Σգ
˹Ҳֱð亹ԾĲǻһҪ飺˵ʧɭһ龧ʯ̾ͿһȫµļܳȶڣܹݶˣʱĻþ
ѽ
뿪伸Сʱ֮ǰԲ֪ʧɭִڣڼ֮£ͻȻ䴴һȫµĿƼ
˵׻ǲˣ
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˿ͻȻеڣ֪ˣǰʹӦһˡóǷһ飬ԴΪ黻ȡ棡
ޱޱȻû˵֪ʶǻۣȾʮꡣǷʮʮʱ䣬пܻı½ȻʲԷⲻ˼ȡĻпܻһʱб̭ġ
֪帴ӵ飺˵żһҪչٵġΪԺһ޴ľ磬ȫ˾ͶܽȥˡС֮룬ܼʵԴġԴġսɱ¾ӶɭֺͻôԶʲô뵽ģԾ볷Գָأ򻨾鿿ģ
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첻ǸţһĴʥˣ
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Ϊ죬Ϊ飬鷢
У˹Ҳ˵ˡȻʲô飺ѾûӸһ
˹ֱһʲôʲôӣɭ־ȺһӣʲôʧǸô죬˹Ҳ𰡣
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˽һ
˹˵⳥뾫ǲ֧ģοޱޱĴдȶԡ
Ҳô࣡ǵôʱ䣬󹤷Ҫ⳥һɣ˵ҲҪˣʮƷԪʯͿˣ
˹ͷֱ
岻⣬ԶƶʮƷԪʯʲôСǲǷˣ
УУܴȥһҪȥᣬһѾüɹ


388 ȫ
ҪŻˣƫƫһϽ壬ھ⳥룬᲻òƱľګֱ㾫鲻⳥ôҲһ
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žûҪء
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һȥҲǲԡǱȰҵԱޱޱңҾߵġ
ޱޱ̻Ψһһռ乤ʦҪʹÿռֿʱֻһռֿãޱޱ۸һأ漣̻ķչٶȻᱻģɲ̡

˹ͼһĻǿƴޱޱ¶ԾûкôޱޱڳߣѧϰռƼ˳鷳ļһҽڷѣΪ½ȽĿռ似Ҳһðɡ
˵Υ棬ⲻһˮս׹ϵԣشҶġ
˹ֻõͷðɣǾޱޱڰµС󣡡
쳤һ
ǴӾˣʵǴ½öԸ֮һԷĻôϻץز䣬Сѳɵ˳ְСƽСĶˡڣ
ϾǴ½һǿ壬ҲǴ½һĴ壬廹пȡ֮ģһҪ
磡
ޱޱʱ̼Ĵһ䣬͸һӵ˵ѾҪ̸ˣͬޱޱذµСޱޱеǳܡ
ľǳ˷ɵìܣޱޱվǱ߶úΪѵģԸɳ죬ڳչĻǲܶԾԣǶԳ˵Ǽ¡
ΪȻɭ˵ɿһ֧ˡ
ǻȥ𣿡ޱޱ˵һӶҪˡ
ޱޱ˵һռֿ⣬ͷʧɭֵԴˡ
侫֪Ҫռֿ⣬һеܲѣرЩĺǡ챾ºΪѾڲﴫ嶼֪ռֿһʲô
һռֿ㣬ô漣̻ƷǷַӾܱ͵䣿
Żζͷкö涫
鱻Լ뿪䣬ȴҲֻܵܶˣľ˵ǿһĺ¡
漣̻ʹõĿռֻֿһ
һռֿ漣̻ڲģȻԶ⿪ţޱޱٱ֮ǰѾڳﱸڶռֿˣǿռһռֿ࣬Ȼ״ûо죬һ̯ĴѾɿռǡ
ޱޱ̿ʼÿռֿٻԤõռֿͿڴ˿ˣڲֿ״ĸ죬ޱޱȫԻСʵȥ
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ռֿʽɡ
ռֿԺ漣̻ʧɭֵרûͨˣȻ˵Ϊ漣̻ģ顢ҪĻҲ˵㶫
ΧۻдԪڲ䣬Ϳܿռֿıˣ˴ȺӰޱޱΧסڿޱޱȥԺ͵
ǷģҲ˴ҵģޱޱ緢ڰ֣һͻغöĶ
С˳ŵ뿪ˡ
ʱɺõʧʯһһӶռֿ⣬ְѻ͸ĸﶼװȥ
һи㶨
Գˡ
ޱޱռڲ˵֮£һСʱܵµС򣬲ڳ˳⣬мʮҪһȥĻޱޱûа취ôһռƶʾ鲿ҪֻӿżµСȥˡ
ټ
һǴöģ
ޱޱЦŶԾǻӻ֣鳤һɫŹ֡ޱޱΥ棬ǸǷ˾Ĵɣǵûܵκγͷضء
ⶼʲô£
ɭﴫɻԾǴӰ죬˵ԺиȽʢľ͵͵ܳȥôǵײɣ
˹Դûа취ڸôԸǰϼһˡ

ޱޱ뿪鲿ʱֻûһɣϵļʮ̼䶼һоǰδеɡ
ָо̫ˣ
ޱޱû뵽ôɸ㶨е鷳
ڲС죬˶ԳίΣ뾫ꡣ漣̻кܴ뾫ޱޱ뿴ľ档Ҫճǻۣһøǿģ
һһҹʱ䣬˵ִµСڵϿȡ
ʮµСûзңȻһӣϾµСפһǧ龫Щսɲһǿͨôǣ
ǳϰάµСƽģô죬Ӳɹ鵽һ̱Сסˡ
֮󣬾һÿ춼ǫ̂µСӰҲʼӳˣҲļȤǽפϿ棬СɴסС档
һǧĳԱһˣû뿪Զֵܹ漣̻ջ
ֺ̨͹£Ӱоʷ׳ʵڣζԪʳƷЩ޲ǡ
Աϰľһθоԭ羹ȻôʣڸһСط̫ˡ
Щһͷ
һֱפͺˡ
ʱޱޱ»ˣޱޱʾһ鲿ϰ䷢ӽ쿪ʼһǧӸ𱣻ޱޱİȫ
Ҳ˵
ӽ쿪ʼ֧͹ޱޱˡ
޲ǳȣ֪ʲô飬ޱޱץ˲䣬ǵʲô鶼ûлˣһ֧ӽ⵽ô°
ôڰµСһǳ飡


389 Բ
漣̻߲룬ΪһѳİŮӣķ顢ׯ粻ʳ˼̻Ů񣬲漣̻ḱ᳤軹˭
֪ޱޱ֮̾ʹǧոѵõսʿϸµϿȡʱС𵴵ıԵոγȴ̵ˣҪֱɢˣȫС㼱ҴҸȹ̴֡
ܹܴɡ
ڻصС򣬳;ȷ֣Сûг˥ˣǰӷһ㡣ԭµС򰲸֮Сƶȱ׶˽޶СķɣСøӾˡ
ӨӨųؿڴһȭôòŻΪ㱻Ҷ׼ȥ鲿ˣ
û취ҳôӢһȥŮż޸ңǷѾţ֮űסڲӻƤǽ㿴С޷ֵҵⲻҹô
治ҪӨӨװͰ˵ҪǾĻȰݺݴһ˵Ƥӻûô
ۣôݣ
СѾͷǺܾûˡ
治ɫҲܿЩ죬ĵĲ٣Щ쵽׷ʲôΪʲôǶŻˣǾûеһ£
ûаôҼ˲ٱˣ
ʲôˣ̫ˡ
鷢һ㶼֡
ϸѯʹ龭ȻΪ˸е𾪣رڽ˻ϣ׼ľƼȫú𾪡
Ȼ˽⻨壬ʱССĿɰ̾ͰǸסˡ
ӭС򡣡ӨӨߵǰףôûأ
ȽϡǳܺãʵϻԻǳԵһطһϡ֮أ̾ͻ
ý취ˡ
һۼķ󣬽ŰѻҩֲȥΪǴһµĻ԰ָܻСˡ
ѻǰ֮󣬳쿪һ߲飬Ȳ鿴ÿһ˵״̬Ϊ
ΪһȣѾǻѾΪɴܻѾ۷ĺǿߣ¶һصĸҲϵİա
Ҳ
ϹΪ죬ѾﵽѰأãͻƵءꡢȻȻǾ۷ƿ׶Σ͵һܳ龳ˡ
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ٶȻǲ
ɭֵطʵȻԵ׽⣬òֵġϾɭֲĹ龳ǿƺǳ࣬ܶǿɭôð
漣̻û龳ǿӿɲУ
ָܲܶޱޱһ˰ɣ
ޱޱʺնģսûа취еģϾռ乥Ԫ̫ˡԳ춨һĿ꣬ȶ漣̻ḻԴôʵһ塣
漣̻ʵǿŸеɭ
ⲻһ飬漣̻ƴְĹʱѾ㹻ʿԴɭ־ӪСһ£ռ2ʥҩǧƣĹⶼ֮
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ŪӾƣȫǸҳƿ׼ģл帨Ч°빦γҲͻʵ
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ʱ䣬С㡢ӨӨʵȫѾﵽѰءϹﵽѰ۷壬ڳѾصʵ
ꡢȻصն󣬳첻ΪöƷʥ׼һӾƣ䱸һΪͻǰԻƵƿѾչˣа˳ϵİܳɹġ
ʵڿ
ǰٶֻһµʱ䣬Щ߲Ͷǿߣʱ漣̻ܲμӵɭİսȥˡ
æ꣬׼ʱȴȻҵһ㣬һЩ
СҪͶң
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СȡһѴʵĳ˫ֳʵǰ΢΢˰Σܸо̺ǿѵǡֹǸʿ
ڤ׵ǴֹķӸռϢǼʵͨǵ֮貿ĴбһѱұһʵʹãĿǰΪֹûҵǰӽ˵͵ʵоȴֵƺ̺һַǳ򵥵ĻҲĹаҲ˵
ôҿ
콫ڤ׵ȡְڤγһȻûжκԪǵ˫нӵط̱һɺԶӿѪĴУ޲ðѶԷɵ
Ȼ
ڤ׵ڤǳơ
ڤ׵Ҳ顣
ûв´Ļǰ𣬰ڤ£Ǻڰ𣬶ڤȻв죬ȴͬ࣬ǿʳϵ
ӵײıžжϣڤ׵ڤ̫࣬һܰһɵĻôܲʵķԽ
ܺã
С͵̫ʱˣ
Ͻл仰ûж˵̾ͱչȥˡ
ĹƿѾܾûоˣ״̬ڤ׻𽣺ҵʵĲȴû뵽߾ôһܰĶ
ϿһѨչصص㡣
ֳһһ̿ʼ
Ǽǿյ˭˭أ
붼û룬̴߶ѱ͵ײһɫ桢Ϻɫ棬˲ڶ𣬻ཻ֯ÿ붼ײʮΣΧɽҶ׷ѿʯ׷׹£緢һ㡣
ǿҵ
ǴﵽѾΪ컹ЩƲסأ
ƾУʱӳԨڤȻռϷˡͨڤ𣬰Ҳ壬˫һƷʵģ¹˭ֻδ֪
ڤȴ򵥣ڤ𲻽ڹǧ꣬Ӷһ˿ԣɵħԨ̻־߱ԨʣܹΣԻǱʣȫ̫ˡ
ڡ
ڤ׵֧Ųסڱڤȫߣյһм۶ϣѱطڤ׵ֻڤϺ׻治Ͻ֯֡
ڤڤ׵ʵڲ
մﵽһ㣬ȴûмֹͣǰͳ壡
䣡
ɽһ󶶶
Ȼ뵱
оڤʵȻѾﵽ鼶ˮƽҲζڤƷʵõһѶƷͨڳΪֱͨӾ;߱ƷͨƷʡ
װܹ
κιδš
ڤһƷֻͨǰʬĹʱ̫˥µģڲǻָˡ
οڤڹǧ꣬ԨħԨ̻𣬽ڤ׵еǧ갵ǱѾԶԶǰ˵кܴĽռ䡣
ڤ֮˲ѾȫóʵѸٴӻѾشﵽѾ۷壬⻹ҪģҪһǣڤ׻𽣳ƴɣ߻
׽ѾԲ壡


390 鷳
һγ
ж㣬˲Ͽȸһ޴󽣺ۡ
Щľʯڱ˲䣬̾ͱɷĩӽбһܻ棬˲һƬΧ֮£û˿¶ȣЩʯֲȴή飬ձϸС糾Ļҳ
¶һ˿ϲ
Ҫ֪ڤԱûжһ£ⴿԪ꼤ͽͷŶɵһǿҽȻ˲׵
ǽԲЧ
ǿһ˵ûлԪȻԨڤֱںϣĳԨڤ͸ĽԪԪ껥๵ͨϡ
ˣԱеѾûǰôǿң³ֿȭҲʩչڤ׻𽣣ֻڤ𵽼ǿЧˣ

׹Ͻ޸ģƺѾԽԽ걸ִﵽѾ۷Ϊ治֪ʵʲôزȲҸֱԱˡ
ҡҡͷνֻʣһԾϿ
µССϯ˳ϻᣬλа˳ǡ漣̻ˡм壬ʱΪСͨһҪľ
ǾˣҪ󡣡˳ϻе峤վʽפС򣡡
Ү
ޱޱΪ׵ľǶ
跢ԵʽפµС򣬸ݶһǧսռаµСٷ֮ʮӵȨͷֺȨӽͳһƣӻ࣬ޱޱ죬άСڲΰ
Ƕʮ⡣
ڰµСѾγһ걸ϵɭκһ֧µС򣬲ܼģͨ˳ϻ֮СĳԱͶƱǷ롣
Ϊ漣̻Сӵаٷ֮ʮӵȨֻҪ˳ŵͬ漣̻һƱͨһƱȨ˫ųǷвͼӶСƽӰ졣
򳤶פо֧ȨЩפڵСͷֺ졣
Сӵ漣̻սʿǧڰµСռнͳμĵλһ֧ѹӼ˲ָٷ֮ʮӵȨ漣ֻ̻䵽ٷ֮ʮӡ
ֻ˵սǳǿֻ漣̻սʿ֮ϡ
鶼Դģ鱾ʮֳɫ֮⣬Ҳ൱ħޣһǧʵܵǧսʿ
ЩޱޱģҲǱ౻漣̻ƣ󹮹漣̻ڰµСʵϻ˶СȨȻϡ͵ԽԽ͡
ǶԴҲûʲôԹԡ
ΪפµСҪΪͨµСʸ񣬵ûСΣǻɭֵĴ壬ЩΧôأ
ˣӲŸȫ
ͳλϮСûʲô壬ƣڻǲ
˵ˣΪȡ棬ⱻԵַ׷ױʾҪӱͶ롣ϾµСѲһЩͳȥҲΪʡ
ΪСߣҲҪá
ΪɭڶУĿڱõģɭһЩɲڶŰµСǰȫˣ˷׷ѡС򶨾ӻ⡣
ܲվ
ͳƣµСĿǰչȶȣ˿ھܷһʱγһСУΪɭһɫϾƵóġ
µСǱ֮漣̻ȻҪͶˣ漣У漣ҩ̣漣꣬ӰԺƵꡢȫСؿ
漣̻ᶫԴ㡣
ɭÿڱˡ
ÿڱһôٶǺܿģкò϶µСҪʲôҲµСɹ漣̻Ϊѡ
졢ӨӨޱޱһµСˣҲǰµСĴߣСһ췱ǳгɾ͸С
гǲܼ棬ȻڻɭΧһĵС֣ڼʱٳϻɭһ漣ˣȷʵһֵý顣
죡ӨӨҴܳǺ԰Ѿˣһ
ӨӨץųһʮصɽ
СɽȾСĺ԰ˡ
ѡһȫյĻΧû·ܹȴһֱܹܵͨСطռ䲻󣬱鲼ïʢߴľվɽڡ
첼һʹɽܾۼɽֲֲرǸʥҩƷʵĲҩְ䷨ͻΪ͹ɻʱˡ
СɽµСȣһ㣬꣬ٻʢţѡ
ӨӨСֱ֣ߵݵأΧʢʻԴһ㡣
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ڻͱҩ䴩ϷţﻹװüŻǿ￴Ӱ磬ֽĿ͹½Ŀ
¶¶ˣ̸˷ǺܺãлΪһ¼ң
ҲȫΪ
漣̻ɹôʥҩȫҩҩԿ϶ʧڰҩΪṩµչЩҩɳ
Ҫ֪ʥҩ滷ҪǷǳ̵ġ
ֲʥҩĴʷǳͣҲֻл԰ܹȷÿһʥҩĴʣӶ漣̻Դ˷
ӨӨǳϲٻʢ˵Сɽȣһ̫ˣ
˵
ҵĽ
ȴǫ˵ʲôҪȥĻ԰ǲ֪ʲôأ
ӨӨǳ𣿡
԰ȻĵطӭӨӨʱ԰ͣ¶¶ǳӨӨͬʱ޲п˵Ǵû뿪԰в֪԰Ի˵ôҪûɭ֣û˻԰ûˡ
ǰ
뿪ɭ֣ͻݽߵġ
һҪúñɭѽľռƻôʼأ
Щ;УƺͻȻпĶ࣬Ѿʶ̬ԻҪԣԻûеȳ쿪ڣǾ˵ռļƻ
⣡
ҪھƼ裬ǻô㿪ʼһȰؼ̸ӨӨʹСġûôʱһһָϾӱȽԪʲôֻѡѧϰǿãʱӨӨ컨ʵҡ
ӨӨͷ
ΪȫСˡ
ΪӨӨԪϵʱڸлܰޱޱռʵңҲܲμӵľʵ
ѧϰܸǿԪûκԵģǵ߱սҲ߱Щֻṩ֪ʶ֧֣һС
ӨӨ롣
Ҳѧ˰ɣ
Ͼ֪ʶӨӨѧȫһ
ⲻΪӨӨ츳ԣΪӨӨǳεˣӨӨ뵽ʱ÷ǳˣܸɹҲʵԼļֵˡ
ھʵҵȶˡ
ӨӨ׼쵽ɽһͻȻ컳ͨѶ
ʲô
ȻҴԼʱ䡣
ЩͨѶ½ͨ
ϹƼҴҵ洫ϴ󣬲ˣҳӣ֧Ѳ߶ӱϮ˲أ
ɫһ䡣
βǰ籾ģ鷳ˡ
Ҳ֣µСչô죬ȫ˳˳ˮϾǻɭְֻû뵽鷳ôˣ
ߣ
ӨӨǳźò棬ûпʼͱ˻ȥ


391 Ӷ
СѲԱΪһСӣսʿʮˡʮ֣ʮʿʳħ
սʿսͨѲ߶ӲЯԪΪѲ߶ҪɢɭǿƾսʿǿɱԣҲԶԸɭǿʳħսʿмս˹ֺս
ĶǷǳѧģܽˣܹأ׷ٷ׷٣ôܻȫûأÿһС϶ͨѶСʱܲ㱨һͻ飬ǿ֪ͨܲġ
֧Ѳ߶ӱϮ
ǶźŶûз
ܲСû׼ʱ㱨ɳѰңֶɵˣȻûһ
ӨӨ·ֳضʬ壬ѪɭȾ죬ֳǳĲңÿսʿʮ֧ЩǱȫɴ⬣ǿ͹ҲǲҴ档
̫ˡ
ôƤӵ·أ
ӨӨɫЩףĸ쵰ɵģԩ޳Ϊʲôɱǵˣ
ڵ飬ʱûмֵĺۼϹƴһȺսʿɭǵѲ߶ǺȻ⵽͵ϮģϮһʬ嶼û£ǲ̫Ѱأ
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δأϹ˵ǿЩǿиʱģ˱ȻǿӿֱӷͻϮҲ׷ٲۼ
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ǡǡ漣̻
ӨӨƺ⣺Ϊʲôûнӵźţ
ΪġϹưһָڼͷ˵Ϳ˾綾ˡˡ˷ǳ£ֻҪһ̾ͻʧȥսʿǿ׳ʳħǰԿأɶԷȻʮӴһ֮£ûվҲʹͨѶˡ
ӨӨü΢գȻö
һѲ߶û籩ǹԪ֮ȱ㹻֮£ͻȻе͵ϮԲŻȫûûκεֿ
ΪʲôԵ޹ʹµСأ
һɺϣǿΪ֮أ
򳤴ˣˣʱһ˻ŻܹųªȫǺˮһ֧ϮѾͨѶС򷢳ȣܲ
ɫһ䡣
Ͻʣص㣡
˸æ˵ϿԶʮɭ֣αϮһ֧ӡ
Ѳ߶ӺͻӲ̫һ
µС򽥽չ׳½½ͨҵ񣬱˵ɭСϣǺһ뿪µСͻ⵽·١ϾµСԽԽ𣬴ֵ֪⸽дˮ̣߲
ΪˣµСųѲ߶ӣֻΪȷΧİȫ
Ѳ߶Ѳ߷ΧϿУЩɭ˻ǲģΪɭǿȫȫпڸɭ׵㣬סϿȳڣܴסǡ
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µС棬¡
µСΪܰԴ󻯣̰ӶҵصСһ漣̻ӶҵţҪнӻͶ顣
òģԹӶӣþǿ뿪ƬշǸݹӶģ˵ǷǳʵݵģԺܶԸ໨ǮҲðա
ֽ˵ĺ֮ǣµСĳڷչ
αϮľһ֧ӡ
˴ҴҸϹѾΪʱ̫ˡ
սƺոսȫûм˵ʳħˣΪǳǿûʶǿ˻
öö۾һۣʶѾǳģֻܼѵ˵𣬺ö𣡡

ʲʲôֻûӻ֣ͻȥơ
ϴз֣Ϲﺰ
ҵһЩԪǹо𣬶һֹһֻȫڹľѾˡ
ӺѲ߶Ӳͬ
ӻװԪԾϿҲһЩĴһǴ˴Ϯ¼ˡ
ӨӨϸ۲ۡ
Щ𳤵ÿֻ׳Ұްצӣǻ񡣴ŲԶطһɫƤǿ׳
ﳤøеͬɫƤƤкܶȻƣŴ㶾ļʸһųĴ󹭡
üɭ־ħ
ɭ־ħһɭ塣
ħкܸҩ츳֮Ϊɭҩʿɭ־ħ̰ԣϲӶˣǻ䱸ԪǼ
ü˵ܽˣħѱޣ˵һħޣҲһħбȽǿģж̾кǿ޳̽Χɭ֣ںԶеĲӣӶܹ׼ں޷з͵ϮħóҩöϮĻǾЧ߽ǲӵսˡ
ӨӨ͸ˡ
ħԱ
ΪʲôԵ޹飡
췭ħʬʱһֵһŽͷ
ʲô־
ÿһħ϶Ƶ
óоЩ֣׷Էа˾ͽм˹Щû׼ϳҲ˵
˭֪
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ģں˵ʲôϹȥһ⣬űסˣٸҺ˵˵Ų㣡
ϹֹϹе㲻򵥣Ӷô£
Ϲױӣð˺ܺ£ֻʵʵ
ɭǶԴׯʽӣʵкܶ嶼壬оħһǳ塣
ӶǾħзǳһ֯
ǾȳȺû֮ݲ
Ӷ߱ǾѱĴޡΪ־кǿӶҵïɽ۽ЩӶ߾ǿַӶΪ
Ӷ߷ԣɭ
Ϊħûй̶㣬ÿǿ׷ɱǾһɢЩǿҲû취
ֻҪһӶ¾ۼ֮ǷǳѲһһԲ˭Ӷ߶ϣעҪùġ
ϮСѲ߶ӺͻӣǸµСһɫƶѡϾµСһ³򣬾ħҪҲ̫ףַֻСʩѹ˳ӶһЩʡ
ӨӨԱŵɪɪİʮֲҪٸҳ֣Ǿɱǣʲôµģ
㡭ǲ֪Ӷ߹ģǳӴ󣡡Ȼɪɪж죬ûа취Ԥ⣬ûܹλǣǴͲ䶼ηˡģӶʾ֮ǺܿͻҪҪʲôǣܺù֮֡
ϹƴŭҪȥ
קסϹ嶯ǷǳʱڣǱ밲档
µСĸȻ̰Ļȳ档
Ҳû뵽ȻôֵĶ֡
λӱϮ飬ƻڰµС򴫿ºܶڰµС;̵˺£ͷ
ǡ
ҲҵЩӶߣпܻӶв֮˳µСɴӶЭô³СӣȻ˶Ԫɽġ
첻ź鷢
СӲ漣̻ڻɭַչĵһһõĻôʵʩļƻأ


392 Ƽս
ӶϮСǧˣͶٶˡ
ֽסģϢ߰ѸСӣ̾СĻ̡̻Щպյɭֱͽ˲֪Χûһ֧֮ΪУǵײгԣҪ˵һոճûõСɭֳе̶Ӷ
ͽûʲô
ЩʹĻȳ棬ֱɭֵĹУȻӶ߻ԷǳǿÿһƱԶ뿪һطʱ䶺ɭô׷ǲܵġ
˾֮£ܺ߶޼ƿʩΪӶײ̫ЩΪ׷սӶҪһС
µСķپۼ˿ɹ۵ԴѾɭһЩĹעˣȴû뵽ӶȵһӶ߲ϮСҰⲿӣСʾΪСҪӶڲսܽʡСˡ
̹رС򣡡
ûǿԺӶ̸У
ǲҪôҸǾˣ
µС֮ϣ峤ۣ˶ͬӶ߱ͻΪ˫ʵǳӶ߸ŰɭֵӣһСܵסġ
οӶֶ߱ǿվ̫ˡ
µСΧڿվ涼ʮǷȱûһ֧ܹӶγɳĲӣζԸȺײеӶأҾħرóҩȫڸˮԴݵصȵȣͶȷµС򣬻
԰ꡣվ»תġ
ʵԸȫİ취ǹرС򣬰µһ³ӶߵĿʺϹһӡ
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Ҳǲܵģ
漣̻ռ似֮£ǲܻᱻģеʶֱܴӶΧأҪˣǱǳ֯ԲһطͣõģֻҪ漣̻һӣӶȻ
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µСܾ޴ʧпܵ²ȹ̵˽塣
Ҫǣ̫˽죬óͷڹ̫ѡ漣̻Ҫɭ㣬Ӷûа취⣬ôһζأ
λþšǳ򶨶Դ˵漣̻ȽԪЩɭǿĿվǿ²ûƣδûеֿ֮
Ĵ
Ψһ漣̻ˡ
漣̻ᵽжǿûףΪ漣̻һֱֵķǳأǿĿսʿţϬԪкܶ޷͵Ҳ漣̻а취ԸӶߡ
һվ˵漣̻ԸӶߣǵĲûֱ£һӶ߳ŭ֮չԴЩĲҪˡ
԰
µСҶзݡ
λܷģ漣̻Ϊǳŵ漣̻ԱˣǼȻˣҲģǽӶս
ս
ӶǳѲ
ɭͷû취Щȳ棬漣̻ƾʲôս
Ӷ߾ٸߣվҪһŵģ漣̻ὫԼ˼λҵӶߵϳʱϴһӶһɨΨ˲ɭ֣һ֧Ӷˣֻһֹ֧ɧţ˭Ը⿴ģ
漣̻Ӷߣ
ɫŹֹ֣䡣
ȿ漣̻ô˵˵һȻãһͷԣ̳ñ֮֡
ȰߵµСһܷ䡣
һ޴ľӣÿһ澵Ӷɵĸ߶ȣ˺֣ʮֵһŮӺͼԱվһľǰʲô
ʵô
㿴Ǽؿͧ㵽Ļ档
ʵ΢΢Ų壬һ޴Ӱ濪ʼ㵽Ļ棬ЩȻǴӸ߿սģɭֿһƬԾɫΪ̫ߵĹϵϸڿĲ̫

ŴĿһȺԼ٣ӵͿӹɭںüطս˳һ뿪ˡ
һ
ûǣ
ʵ˵㲿ؿͧǺҵǵټطΧޣжӶ߷򣬲ʲôطȴ޷жϡ
ʱôãÿӶΪ漣̻׼иֿܴͧľɭϿգÿǧﲿһͨѶͧ⣬軹˼ؿͧսͧ
Щһ漣ͧǵܼߣұ涼һӰľ棬ʱģֻɫӶʵαװӵ޷ֱ棬׸߿սҵͣ׵ĸ߿ա
Щ漣ͧһֱ̻ܣµС˶֪ͷһֱкüҿͧڴӰ濴Ļ棬ʵǼؿͧ׿㵽ġ
˵ȥϵ۶šչ̯أҵӶ߲֮أ췣ſͧù׼
漣ֿ̻ͧͨѶĽšصĽۺšսС췣š
漣̻ҡšͧҡۺšͧһҡ췣šͧۺš췣Ŷڰµλʱӵǲ
ʵͨѶιι۶ţɭָӲ᳤ָϷѲ顭
ո´ꡣ
׸߿УǴ״̬۶ſͧͻȻ³ҿʼǰͧײԶ򿪣۾ĴӰͷ¶ڴΧɨɭ
ͬʱ䣬СһŴӰɭֵĻ涼ڴӰ渡ֳӰʵʱ͵ġ
ͨѶﴫԼ׸߿յ
۶ſʼж
һͨѶҲ
췣һźָӲװϣָʾ

ǣ
޴ʵرͨѶǳ֮ɫǻ֪Լǵĵ˭ɣǺúÿʲôƼ
һ档
ӨӨɼħ
˰Ѷ涾ҩʹȡҷ
ⱾǾħƵĶҩСƶôùأɾͰѶҩɷֺ䷽ƽˣؽҩӨӨ̷ĵоҺҩʱ䣬Ҫһݽⶾ

ӨӨ̾䷽ȥϢˡ
ЩϢĹʵ֮漣̻ҩͻῪʼҩڼʱƺãͨռ͵µС
ħ֮ŷɥ
һԭҩܸߣرڶҩƷ棬սʿڲμսǰǰýⶾħʧȥЧˡ
ûЩ
ƴùսʿƴùʳħ
ûЩ
ܵסԪķɨ䣿
ȥɣ


393 ɭ̸
ӨӨӵĹͨѶϢⶾѾʼˡ
оĽⶾɱܵͣҲϳ漣̻ԴѾ´ⶾþͻᱻ͹ˡ
ڸʲô׼
ⶾû͹֮ǰʱ߱սҪ⼸챻ӶϮͬʱ취ЩӶ߲ĵط°ϸĦ£ǾԼʱ䣬Ҿħ̸̸İɣ
˵ʲôӨӨ۾ʱ͵ɵùԲǲⰡûʲô̸ģǻ𣿡
һġһƶ˵ⲻϣĽ𣿡
˵ûʱһׯĴŮ߽ӶĿǰΪ޷ɿֻţӶﵽսЧ׳̸Ҫ»ġϼʱ䣬ܳû߳ӶߵĲ㣬νһ˫񡣡
ԭǶӨӨ־еôϵԷأ
Ӷ߿϶ɭ۲ǵķӦǰѼʱصдһġ
СѩĳɵѾͷ
˭ɵѾͷ
ӨӨҪ쭵ӡ
һЦ¾ͽСˡ
УдһƪģǳϿӶֹͣɱ¾ڰµϿΧһؼ档¾ħǳɭֳдžͰЩ뺯һٶݣɭָ۵λá
йȻá
µСûܵ
ûв´ĻӶ߼뺯ʱ̾͸˵İѾԻףһʣȻ񣬵ȥ̸С
⼸ʱ䣬ⶾҩȴһͨռֿ˵
ûţһЩ죬ԪԪܷǳ򵥣ֻǸźЧ
ħóѱޣ޲ӶߵӶߵ۾ǿĳ֮̽£жӹħ۲졣Ϊˣħ޵ǳͻȻˣôܴħһʼϲ
ʱܿ͵ˡ
ָҵļĻϣ̷һȺɵӰŴ۲֮£̾¶ϲɫȻһǧӶߣԼٹһɽɳԼٶµСӿ
û
һӶߵľݵˡ
̲췣һţǰĿ򣬵ȴ׼
췣һյ
һҴ漣ͧڼ׸߿ջʻ
ˣˣûãһ˻ŻܽȺӶɱˣ
һ⻰ȫʧɫ
ѵӶҪܹˣ
ְңλþţⲻǲһСѣӶߵʱݵѾµСڵУȡһ£Ȼɭ֣
⡭
¶ɱ顣
漣̻ôʱӶ߾ݵ㣿
⼸ʲôûл᲻أ
µСȴѾȫ漣̻ǧսʿȫ籩ǹװ˰ٰѣԪװٶֻ붼Ԫǹÿ϶Ԫס
Ҫս
ޱޱžһǧҲμս
嶼μӣôǻʲôɲţ̸Էز䣬òʿս׼ʵ漣̻˵Сʹ´֮࣬ҪЩҪΪչʾչʾ漣̻ʵ
ˡ
ȴļٸˣǰħԼõ̸еأʱ򣬼ٸӶѾȴʱˡ
ۺͧǧħǰĲٸӶߴŷɢˡЩӶҲ֮ҲİµС̸֮ǡ
һĿ׳˶ľħӶ߳Լ׶ߣϰ壬ʯļ⣬Ϳֵͼڣ˫ָһ˺ɫǹȻأǿϢ˶оһѹȸС
ûаޱޱߡ
Сûһ鼶ʿ
ħӶ߼µС˺᲻֮ģһΧСʲô֣ݡķӦҲģ
ħͷɭɭЦһΪǲأ
ҡڵߵӶǰһǷǳŵģԼȻ˸λôвԼĵ
㵹е㵨ʶħͷһڵĳǹɫֱżˣϻֻɱʶôˣȻǻʶȤĻҲһӦǵ󣡡
쵭Ȼʣꡣ
һȫԪʯԴ
ڶӽɹƳ׬ԴԪʯٷ֮ʮҪϽǣ
ħͷĿϹơӨӨˣ⼸Ů˻ӽ͸ˣ
ħͷĿô߸ϣóЩ£ǸĪһ
΢΢ͷЩ
ôӶЩ졣
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ħͷͷԪʯԴŮˣЩǵģǶǵȤӦǵʴȣھͰѷϵĶԹԷϰɣ
ͷ죬һûŮأ
ǸͷŮҪһϣǶ
ħӶƺѾЩΪ֮ʼ˳ȨˡħԱŰң½ŮǻǺġ
ôҪǲҲһء
㻹Ҫ󣿡
ס󽣱һѱڤγһӣžħͷһָܼ򵥣ֻһҪǾͽԴ죬ССϣҪܾ
Ӷ˼룬Ц
ڸЦ
ѾΪ˵ֻ
Ӷŵ꼶ǿߣ
ӶɭŶ꣬ǺɵģӴǿ֯Уϸƣһëûг࣬Ȼ͸ҸһӶߵ콻֣
ħͷüëײһĿбŽϷŪŭ𣺡֪Ϊ˸ʲô𣿡
ͷϹһħͻðɣŭĴһ˵
Ϲ˫ۻҵһģ˲ڿһֻڰһȦٶȼӳֵ֮ȼյķɶ޷Է

ħɫǹͶȥ׳һɫ
Ϲ̼ͱ˺ѣҺɫֱӴǹⲻҲֵôҵĹ
ӨӨ󾪣Ϲ㣡
ϹײϺüôǶһ޴ɽУϻ汬ɢܱһƬ𺣣Щʯյ΢΢źա
ɫ䡣
ǿ
ǿȹ޷͹ĻѾ۷ʿҲѵֵɣ
ϹƿﵽѰ۷壡
䣡
ɽѷӿ棬ϹƲҽ߳˸еЩŵǣȻδ
ħ΢΢һ㶡
һ͸Ŷԡ
һǲ֮
ϹɫЩ԰ףȻĲСԪǻѺľ޴𣿹ȻҲֲ
ϹÿŽһҵģ


394 ն
¸˾ְ踺ܹ̻ᣬӨӨǸţϹԭܴһ˳Ϊصս˲š
ȻڽѰ۷壬ϻѾ۷Ҳһս֮սŶԣȻ缶սʲô£ǿ羳սͲˡ
һ֮
ʿʿʿʿǲʲôġ
µСûһʿӶĻǷСǲʶôƾʲôôֱѰ·
ѰӶͷɭЦʲôɲȫأ

Ǽɱѹܿռ伤һصײ˶˺˺ü
ı΢΢һֻͲסҪҰޣǳһӦս龳ǿߣȻкܸ߰գǳҲ֪Լڵʵսܴﵽʲôĵز
Ӷͷȳ֣һɫǹɫȻ䱼Ϯš
ոչᴩϹһ˲ᴩ壡
θ׺ݣҪֱӵࡣ治ˣѵ౬֮»ܻţҪ޴֪ͻʲô³
ڤһѤĿĽ⡣

ǹײ
â
ǹâ鿪ˮ˷бȥݵضƵˣΧָһ籩㣬˲䱻öᣬ֦辶˺ˡ
ǰµС򣬻Ӷߵˣܵƾеǿײʱȫ˺һؾ롣
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ӶͷԶ
Ȼˮûκα鲨ֻĬĬԼոһӶͷɫȴı仯û뵽Է㲻У浲סԼһ
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ӶͷڶԷɲǣһֵȻ˳ǹӿ嵱УӶͷʵûó֮£ҲһСİ
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ⲻΰɣͷʿ
µСһȾħȻ֮ɫʵȻǿ󣬿̫͹ˣ
ԭˣһޣһŴԲĶԲܱ֮ǿĽӶͷɫ粻룬ͻȻʲôһȻǿʿԪ֧żֹأ
ٺһЦ԰
Ӷ̬߱Ⱥ٬̬ٴμŭ
ɶ
ô
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ӶͷԪ۳һͷͷߵͷÿһͷɫǲһģֱǺ졢̡ϣֲͬħ߻
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ͷԪǳ
ؿŸСӸôӦ
Ŀ΢΢һ
ϡеĶԪô
͵ԪͬʱӵжԵսҪһʿѲһ㡣
ǹС
Ӷͷ˺ǹס˲䣬ʮֹԪ꾹Ȼѿһ֣һ֣һͷһǿҾиʴԶȥ
Ԫꣿ
ֱӻһݿ
ܣôףӶͷٺЦ˫һ̤棬˲ư׷ȥ״̬еĳ죬ɣ
ڳǹ칥ȥ˲䣬ͷųһ˲Գٶۣһͬʱ֯ڳϣóоΧ·̳ˮ࣬ÿһȻǧĸо
صԪ
Ӷͷÿһιܸ˴ЧӶһ߽Էĵֿͬʿ⧲֮ҲУοһʿ
ʿֿߴԺʿڹ˲ɥʧеֿ֮

ħԪ
ħֶ֮ͳͳɢΪԼӮݵĴϢʱ䣬ڤڽħ֮׵Ľ̼Ϻɫǿһƻʮӣ
ڤն
ûаӵĳһն˹ȥ
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˫ʩչԪꡣ
ȴһɢӶͷԪӳ֣
һνĽǳռϷ磡
Ӷͷɫ־ŭЩˣɶҵ뿴㻹ֶܼã
Ӷͷǳ̳ˡ
һﲢͶȡɣӲӲǿǿûκλ֮£ȴԻѾ۷ΪӲһصΪ
Ӷͷ첢š
ΪԷ죬վǻʿιʿԣĻٷ֮һԻʿﵽʮ֮һȥڼֶأ
һΪأ¶ʧ֮ɫҡͷ̾Ϣ㱾¶ûսԵսû˿ȤԣҲˣһоͽɣ
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ӣ
ɵԵһӰס
ӶͷͷųȸոոǿֵԪ㳢ħһĴ
Ӷͷ챻׼ŭˣ
ĳʩչ˲䱻ԪΪһͷߣһɹ϶бϢ֡ħֱӰԪ߷£ԪЧʮˡ
ħ䣡
Ӷͷʩչ˲䣬ҵȼһֱӰһµĻħ
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ͻȻʧˡ
ԱȸոտٶȺͱϮӶǿӰ̰һǿٶۺ֮ڳϡ
Ƕһʿ˵Ҳʱá
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챻ӶбͣˣȼŽڰգȴûа취ǰ˿
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Ӷͷ˻žҪ𹥻
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һħŻûûĸĸûɰ˸
Ӷͷ̼ͱ˸ħ״̬еĻħΧסˡ
⡭ǡ
Ӷͷ쾪ֵĸоԲ۷ÿһħۼǿûа취ֱ浽һǱ
ڤն
˵Ӱͬʱʧˡ
貽һž˲ָӶͷ壬ԴݿƣӶ߱˺Ƭ
ɱ
˲ɱ
ӶͷֿضûУ
ڤնڤ׻𽣴ԲɱС
ó˲ûÿһܰٷְɱȫһ͵ͬͬʱʵ˲临˺üһٽħǿҲûпֵܵס
ͷˣ
Ӷ߶ɵˣ
Ҳ벻Ľ
ɵһʿҲΪС̷üöҩ䣬ȫɱ⣡
ħûзӦʱ
һѰԪ籩Ԫ˲ɭ֣ħֲֿܼĹú޻̵֮ԪȸڵڲʶµСʵ
Ѿ̫ˡ
ЩһעҪ
˵ӶߺܿͻᷴӦǱ֮ǰһٶ˵ǵľݵ㣬ЩĻȳȫɵ
ʶӵʵµСҲûгɡ


395 췣
ʰӶߣûκζ̴ϹӨӨˣǰСغϡ
Ӷʱݵʮ·
СܹˣӴǰСǱֵУŽ׼
㣬Ǹ㶨ˣӨӨ棬ˣСԽ˵һ¾ͰһͷĿɱˣЩӶ߿˵ѾϢٲû׼Ӷ߾Ҫˡ
ǵ֧ԮûϹƷģȫСӣЩ䲻˵ҪӢЭôӶ߹ģ߰ϣȫս׵ľӢоķܴù𣿡
ûʱˡ費⣬ЩȻ漣̻Ĵ滳ɣȻͷҪʿ֧Ԯʵ϶ȴ̵ģȻͷԱ־ˡ
߽ʧǿ϶ŤͷܣðŵӶߵΣȥ漣̻ᡣȻ߹˳ǻһѡ
ôɡ
춼ǲôںˡ
ָЩһⳡսҲȥս漣̻ԣɢһȺɭǿô򵥣漣̻չʾʵһλᣬһɱӺĺûᡣ
ɭӶǿʤһȺһȺûûˡΨдһƯսֶۣμԷڲɭǿӶܶž鷢
漣̻᲻Ҫ˺ǱڵʾҪѺǱչʾ⡣ɭһУ˭ȭͷӲ˭лȨ
漣̻㹻˭᲻漣̻᣿
漣̻᲻ɭΧȦһСذˣûͷǵɭ־ͷûҪ漣̻ᣬ漣̻û˸ҶΨ˲ܰȷչȥ
ΪݻʾսôƯһ㡣ڷǰҪȷһµģ׼ô
ܹȷԷǰɽ췣ѵִǧ׸ߵѹλôֲһ˵㰲ŵĸŷҲѾãɭﲻױ֡
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տ϶Уֻܼİа˵ʱ򣬡ǲҪˣһϲðյ壬ֻҪ㹻֪зգҲԥģҲ;Ĳ֮һ
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398 
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롢ɭ̩̹֡ɽĸߵءЩǻɭб־Եκһ֧԰Ѱ漣̻촷̵ۡسǡǡЩ֮أЩսͷ֮⣬滹кܶǿɭҪ֪ڻɭģѷɫһġ
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תһ롣
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ڷ㣬̻֯ʽӪԲУĹõȻڻɭ˵ĵطӵеһбҪӦʵ֧š
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Ҫô´ıҪô³çƥֻ߶߽֮
Ȼ֪ûλãֻҪ̵سǲôԾ˵ģǷʵʿǣҲôҪ
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̵سһܺõĳУȻɭֵĳУ̵سûʲô飬ЩϹŰָֻţ漣̻ȫɣⲻ漣̻һֱҪ
˹ɭֺ;ְλ衢ޱޱְλͲ˵ˣޱޱҲϸǾİš
ޱޱǾ飬ǾŮΪ̵سǸĻôͿΪԸ̵سǶһıˡ
˹Գ˵̵سǰһ֧شĳУΪ⵽ѹ˥̵سǱ⽻ֶλȡдأл죬ڲⲿѹܴ󡣴⣬˵ҡġߡʽ۸޷׼ƣмǲҪű¶ݣȹ۲˵
Ȼµ̵س״ãû뵽⸱̯
һСս
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ֻҪҶ˷
ûɵ顣


399 ǰ̵س
˹һֿۣޱޱһۣĿһ˿֮ɫеѾãϣһ˳ʹ˸ǡ
ޱޱæʣͲڰµСס϶кܶ벻Ķ˵ܴЩأ
˹΢΢ҡҡͷǾ鲻ô׽壬ǧҲˣɭֻ¾Ͳˡ
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ֻһ˸оֵֹġ
˹µͼȫչӨӨչһۣ̲סһۣ̾ͼ̫ˣ
һĿǰΪֹϸµĻɭֵͼֻлɭַľܹƳĵͼÿһƬÿһΣÿһÿһɽÿһУȫƵһ
ûʲôӡ
ͼֻġ
ÿһÿһϸڣȫƵܣһôͼҪܴѪģһݵͼͿƼֵ˵ƷοֵҲǲ͵ġ
ӡݡ֪ͼֵ׼ӨӨ֣˵һ룬ĿȻסŵͼЩɡ
ôˣҾóе죬ӨӨѯʣݵͼʲôֵĵط𣿡
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ƺЩ죬Ժд½ͼ״սһص쾪ȵķ֣߰Ƶġ
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ӡһǳĹƹȣȴǴ½ܹǰʮĸ֮ôֻΪУҵһʱزء
һıء
ǰȥκεطͬزʸдʷУǺʱģزдʮֺʱնϲ㡣Ƶļ䣬ҲֻԼӹעҲûпȥǣԲ֪زؾȷ꣬Ӧÿ϶ǣطڻɭֵĳ
㵽ʲô
ιæڰ֣Ȼ֪һشڣҵ̸ף½زؿҪģЩ֪ڽŵףֱҲ봥һ˿
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Գо޴ģȴҲұ̫ϣֻԺһ£ҵһЩ˿ôȥ̽һ̽Ҳδɡ
ڰ֣ûʲôǻô̵سŪ֣ؽһ¡
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մ󣬻ر
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ѵͼоһһ飬ְ˹鱨оһһ顣
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漣̻ὫѸħչ۸ٷ֮ʮܴչħˡЩʳ͵Ĺӹɹͷʳﴢ
µСȱʳ
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ʵǳ򵥣ŪֶսٲϸһװԽԽң˫ԽԽǵܼǱڶ֣եǱԼ
˵׬ǮǾԴһֱԪʼһֱԲãԽԽߡԽԽ߼߱Ϊ漣̻⽻һҪơ
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ֳһ͵ۿͧ
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˴Զһӣ쾡ûеΪԱѾȫ߱˷ôҺúΪΪ漣̻פ̵س׼

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׵ĸ߿ǰָ߶ħ޵ĸ΢΢漣ͧҲʮأԲκκ֮ǡ
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ҿ϶ʧˣ漣̻ƾмϲƳ³µҲһԸı½ΰ̻ᣡ
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̵سǣ־ڱصã漣̻һԼ֮أ


400 
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Ƚ֮漣ͧ˵
ο漣ͧһκﶼ޷ģǾױȵİȫԡ
ΪͧȫѲ߶׵ĸ߿ȽϵѾʮϡЩħڴ˾ʹʮҲûа취ɵƽһٶȣ˵ɴͷɲˡ
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ӱǻҰɫģԼһ׶ߣȻͲ󣬵ʮ鶯ڰɫĹС
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ðһȺӺӾôѶԸˣʲôޣ㽻ˡ
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ͺһɻӿ壬˲Ϳħ״̬챾ǻѾ۷Ϊһ˲ȻǵԺʿĵزЩٶȾܺܿ죬쿪ħڤҲȻ壡
ЩȻᵽΣյϢһëĴƺҪƴˡ
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401 
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⼸˸оǳ֣ܹĸˣһŮһߣˡ
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御飬һǳϴ½ۣ㵥ľ鲻ͬŮԾͱȽϷŵҺǳʵ٣ݽǮȨƣʵǡǡΪЩص㣬ϲ
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ڤǿһ⣬һնΪΡ
ڿնٶȿ쵽㣬ѱ̵ĵ籩æ賤мܣһ֮䵶ײʮ£Χľݻˡ

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402 ̻
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ϾƬɭ̫ˣкܶԶʱڶȻڽǳ࣬棬ľǵ³̻ᡢ̻ᣬ̻ᡢ̵ؽ̻ᣬЩ̻ᣬֻˡ
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˾ܹЩ죬Ȼܹǵ˹ϵǸһģҴ˿ܲĿ⣬¾ǵĳЩЭ
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ǵõʸȴû㹻ʵǸλãԲŻ̽·ûϳʱһѣôδ˳Ϊ̵سǵĳôǺа


403 ţͷ
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һˣǾ͹ҰҵһʳﷷӡЦпЩ˸ţͷ֣Цмּթζṩȫ䶼ܳԱʳҸղ˵ˣһ˶ǴƼңҵ˼𣿡


404 
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405 
ҹţͷɽȣţͷڿ񻶣Ư;
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Ҳǵġ˿ţͷֻʮֲЩţĶ˵ʲôĪһ˾ͱԹԱߵĳ죺˵ʳˣţʲôܳԣǵθⶼ͵Ҳڻ£ƫƫôõʳʵ̫һˡ
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406 
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ƾڹϵ飬ǵ飬Ϊ˾һȻǵҡ˿Цû֦չʱó첻࿴һۣ˿˿⣬һ˵ֻǣʥ̻ģСú֣ܽǲǡ
·ܵγˮ
ŮһͰ۵ˮܰκһ˹ͷ档
Ҫôأ
ǲ׸ɻ
㼱ʲôȻ˵Ҫһ𷢲ƣǵȻǲʳҲȥʣҳʲôʱˣĺŮ򣺡ֻܷģʱɭȫëҷʮ֮һ̻ᣡţͷֲ֮Ƿծ񣬽Щծʵ֮󣬶зݣ
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˿˿ˮ۾ȫϲĹâ
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رծⲻծ񣬼ֱǸʱԽԽЩǷ¸ԽԽ࣬岿Ŷܴ׬Ǯˡ
˿Գ̬ԱˣˣܰЩʲôأ
Ҫ鱨̵س£ȫҪ֪ǵ鱨оԺŮ˹ͷһƤ񣺡УҪм˾һ
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ɭǰٷְٵĻϲũǲʳ﹩ΨһԴһͲҡ
ҪжͽŵʳԴ
к鱨гֶΣȫ
δӻӶҰ¶ӪʱһרħвԪԪ࣬ͨģϢϢءζضħޣǡǡ෴Ϊϴħ޶ġ
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ЩսܲߣȴǻʵʿҺԪҲоģֻٶ3ĵ޷
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ĵĸӼģʹĵҲόǻҡ
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һˣǴǲСһֹͣӦʳǾһ취ûˡΪ룬ʮа˾նѡЭ
ƻʮּ򵥣ܷϵǣȷʵһǳʵڵļƻ
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˺ˣƺ˼飬óĶ۵޷ҲǼгĺöôССһŷöٲħɧţ
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˿ĵҲġ
Գ˵ȷʵȽϳȻĹȫ֧֣ͨʳʳǲ̫ʺЩǿɭ˳Ҫ׼ԪʳƷҲԪʳƷ2ԪʳƷҪռ൱ı¶漣̻߹ģҲһܴĸ
С׼ǰʳάһʱӦû⡣Ե˿˵ֻܷģҸһƱ巢¸ӽǰˡ
˿Щ˷ܣει֣лˣ
ġ
ֻҪͼ˾ͻظ㡣
һ㣬ĳԺŮ˵̹˵ʵҵһֱȱˡ
ȻӴʲôԸص㣬ǻ˽ģ˿Ŀдһ˿ģҪĻǺŮǺŶ
ԷɧŵŮߣȻ˼˿Ҳ֪˼ƫƫҪⲢ˵úһͨ˿϶ᱻԳ
꾫
װɵٺһЦܴܸԼˣƬɭһǻӵеģԳڵ󣡡
漣̻̯ԽԽ󣬴СҲ޾ϸȫȫ֡漣̻Ҫһ㹻㹻ɿæرʺϲ漣̻᲻㡣
ΪҲ
ǲܹȫĵġ
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Ǳ򲻻ѱ
һֲԼοǹйϵ̻ᣬһûˡôӦöʧ漣̻ôһܸɵĺμӽоǾ̷棬Զṩܴ
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ƻչ˳ʵʩ֮Ǻ˳ġ
޷Чܺãﱻһ룬⵼ħԴ٣ÿԳɹҪ˵ʱڱȣ¸ǰҲ֮һ
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̫ȱʳﲿҲʼżˡ
ЩѾʼĲ䣬ʱ˿̸ȹת
䶼ʼоɭһǷʲôʱ仯пȻı䣬ֻ֣ȻҲп˻֮ˡ
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һС£
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ɭΣķɭ鲼ǿħΧҲźܶ͵ǷǳΣյ䣬кܶײгԵɭǿΣԤϡ
˭ϣȹӣ
˭ϣ̤һǰ;δ֪յ·
˵ʹߣҲ׼׼ɣûʮʱ俱̽µ׼·;㹻Ŀڵȫˡ
Ȼزֻһְ취ˣ
çĵشԶǽ÷Ҳ֮ĸʽûʳʳûԴԴɭĹб쾭壬ҲΪʲôڰɭַôʢСһ𣬶Էڲ㣬һֱ㣬һֺĻԭϵ˲ͻᱬսûʳȥʳģʳΪ¼ɣֻǳ㲡ҪҲпȹԷԾ󻼡
֮ڻɭƺѾγһִͳ
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Х̵֣سǶϷһͺ岿壬ȫ˿ڴԼжʮˣסڴ˳ʮ꣬һȽˡ
ʿһ߾ߺ
ѾʼᲿˡ
׼սʿԲԶ巢͵Ϯʪ棬дʳϰߣֻҪǾܸȼü֮ˡ
æżᲿӣһӰڻ岿Ĵſڣһ飬ųªſӣϲ϶Ʒﻹһȣ⿴ǳŹ֡
ʲôˣҴ岿
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һ֣׳ֱͦͦأ°ĭϳ鴤˭֪ʲô˴ҡ߽岿䣬ôȻܶע⣬̱ŰΧ
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ʦٺһЦָ·ġ
ָ·ָʲô·
Ҫʳھӿɲϲߡ
ôֲЩָֻţ
ĿΪʲôųԶأʦûᣬֻǺȻ˵һ䣺̵سдʮʳƾʲôЩӰ뾫ܾסӵʳֻܹƪ˵ֱӹ̵سǣ̵سǣռ̵سǣʱ˵һʱ֮ҲԺˣ
ɫ䣺˵ʲô
ʳħˡ壬Ϸ䣬ڶѾɳЭ飬׼һ̵سʳʦ˵תȥ뾫̵ؽʮѾȫ˥ˣһõʱڻҪҪ룬Ϳľˡ

̵سǵĴ뾫ǳüչ
뾫йϵģǾѪ뾫һ壬Զʱھһ֧ϵǾһ֣˺ĹϵѪͳǳĽӽѾݻ塣
뾫˲ߣࡣ
뾫ŷǳͷԣϲѧʺµԪȻ;һȰȻϲȴһظ塣
뾫ɭбŷǳʵƬ뾫ȫʢʱڣԼкüˣֳܹɼʮ֮࣬ȻԶǹͬǾ̵ؽ̡
뾫Ⱥʱ佨ĳо̵سǡ
뾫ӵвʵɸЩɭ־ͷȣǻǴĲ磬ЩͷΪԷ񾭣Բ̫ǿжȡ̵سǣȴ취һʳ
̡
çĸߵ̡
Ȼϲĵ³ҲĪ
⼸ʮǿ̵ؽ̻ᣬѾӣ뾫ڸоԼûа취ƿеʱɭ־뾫׳֦ԸЩ塣
˺Ͱ뾫鳤ûôǾͬˡ
뾫齨̵سǲΪֻǴ뾫齨һܹоѧϰļ԰ˣ˭֪԰ս֮󣬾Ȼô죬롢ĸߵأͶɭֶ԰뾫˵õĽ
ɭֵľ鱾͸뾫ǽףҾºΪѰ뾫飬ŵ뾫Լ̵سѧϰǰûʲôһ뾫ȨƸû˭е˸ҪֻҪϰ뾫Ϳˡ
˷ǳ˵ĸЭ飬ɭѾ̵سǲΧӴԺܵɭֵıӻ
뾫ڴʼȴ
ֻҪɭһǿľפص̵سǣɳһ㹻̵سǳ̻ᡢ̻ᣬǻôǱçĸߵأɭѾ̵سռȨ
ôȥˡ
ɭһϢûС
һ͵˴򿪾ױʱûײ컨壡
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ĵľȴ̵سָһλ
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뾫鸱ͷ˵ʮΪʳϵںͬˣ׼̵سǷ
ʲô
˾ͷִһȦ
ЩȻ̵سǣ
̵سһʮʮ뾫˿ǰ뾫Уڰ뾫˿ڲˣȻʮռС롣
뾫óʳʹʳ̵سǷչô꣬ʳ϶ǺܷḻģּĶǻ๦ӣ˭ҲҶ̵سǷϮΪ̵ؽ˥ˣҲЩǵġ˭֪˴λ̵سǷϮֱǷˣ
ʮ֧ôϰˡ
ÿҲǷǳ֣
ʹ̵سǿҲ̵سɾ޴ʧƺѾᵽ鱳ѰϢ̵سǱݻٴ벢ұռ죬ɭֿ¾ûˣվĳЩ˽Ƕġ
пǳûɿһı


408 ̵س
Щʧˡ
Ҳ˵ʧߣƻûģȶϵʳã޴漣岿ٲʧʱ˵ϢųȥЩ˵ţͷɽţͷ֣Ϊ˽׶ɣǵڼڼƨûзÿԺúȺãǿ϶㶼ɽţͷɽȵ
˭֪ţͷޱģһһ
ڴԴܹۺ
ͨٶʳһӦϡһ湩ӦʳһʳԴЩ϶ᱻ˨ģôĿҲʹﵽˡ
ͳڣոʵʩһƻûüʵʩڶʱ򣬵˿ͻ𼱻ǸϹˣһǳϢʮȻ׼̵سǡ
˿һ˵ǺʯͷԼĽš
̫Ծüϸϸ˼ӣӦãЩƽʱ಻һ¼ɣôڶ̶γˣǲϳ
˿ƺҲͷɵ㣺̵سǵİ뾫龡Ѿʮ˥ҲЩͨսģҲĻ֡
ͷûɣǿ϶ġ
岿ѾһˣѾ̵سг˽⣬йߺʹ߶ǰ뾫塣뾫御ûоôǿʵǰ뾫˵ɭѧԨ֮һ
뾫ľɲͬ뾫Ͻżǿ֪˰뾫ԪǷҩƷ涼൱ߵˮ׼̵سڼʱһֱָ״̬ȫ뾫Ϊд㹻Ƹ
뾫װ˵ǷǳģټӰ뾫зķ塢ַʩʹ̵سǳΪһԹ˵ļǡ
ûв´Ļ˶뻹̵س棬ƾЩû̵سǣֻӦϲԵ˿ѯʵƾֱ˭ɣ
˿붼û˵̻̣
΢΢˵бҪȥһ̵سˡ
ȥ̵سǸʲô
ȻǼһˡ
һˣ˺ѽȥ̵سǣԻɺæ˿ڸһ湲ͬ壬Ȼ붼ûͬˡ
̵̻سһЩģ岿ȻСǺͷԺãʶڳһЩŵ꣬ҪǾӪһЩϡαװһˣɵ˿죬ô̵سǾ׵öˡ
̵سǽѾˡ
ڻɭв̫ϣ˳һ̵ֱؽ̻ƿ֮£̵ؽ̻ǾĽɣҪɭ֮񣬰뾫ȫʢʱһٶˣһɲСˡ
ʮ̵ؽ̻Ѹ˥ܣĵ³սʿʿʦ̵سǣѾв뾫֪ͨ뾫龡Ȼ̵سˣʵȴѾֻˣ̻᳸⣬ټӼʮҲϣ̵ؽ̻ӰҲѸ½
ھվ̵سǰ̵سǣǸе㲻һ
ɭĳУԲĹ֮ġ
ҲԶԶʮ֮һ
̵سǣһܾǣֺȻг续
ɭֵĳжûǽֵطǽû̫ķ壬ǰ̵س˵ûгǽڽããȺɽ֮УΧɽȻĳǽվȺɽУȻͻأðôһ
̵سǵĳ˿ڲ࣬ȴĹǻҪ󼸱
ֱɢȺɽм䣬Էֲǳ˼ԺӾһε״Ǳɢڼ䣬ЩɽţеĽɽЩɽʱǱ룬һɽһ
ɽ͸ؼпĵشǴֲֳ
Ⱥɽһ壬һΡɽ壬ϰ벿ֱֱӿ䣬һɫľͳǱ
һɽһǳǣȺɽۣ֮֮Уֻǡ
Ƿǳɫĵط뾫齨иȫһĴͳֵ¥£ܱţǽȦһΧ
̵سǵģȫͬɴССһٶǱɣʵÿһǱһСУǱȺɽ֮䣬γһε״˴˷ֲܷǳɢȴȻԵþȻ
ƽṹ
оṹ
̵سȻںϵһЩɽɻƾսУ濴Ųʵ̵سǵÿһǶ߽ġ
ǳ棬㼯ˣĵرȴƫƫû޳ûڻɭǷǳġ
Ƭ಻ɽضһʺϳڷչĺõط
ЦɽгǣɽɭֻɽɽУҵĳп治أҿΧٷ֮ʮɽٷ֮׼ȫ䴮һܹɼǧ˵ĳǰΪɭĳУ㿴ô
ˣƺ˵̫˰ɡ˿ۣԳĺͼ־ΪȻҪˣĳоҪһ˸ݣ㲻ùͻɻҽˡ
Щޣ
үʱǷ
˵ȷʵкõö࣬뾫ʱ佨ɵĳУȴװױ˳졣βԣλڻɭƫеطʺϳΪ漣̻ĴӪ
ҪطվȽŸôܹԴΪģ̻޼ɵΧɢǸʱ롢̩̹ɽĸߵءɭʲôģңԶص׺ڰ磬Ȼúûǣ
ɭֵȫ߱һΪ۹Ǳ
Ȼǰܹͳһⲻһ׵顣
ǽǰɣ
̵سΧȻȺɽϣкܶȻĽͨӸ̵ܽسǡ˿ų촩һ̰ɫ¹ʯͨ಻ľӡ̲𡢸źܶ
óرԾǣһִȻģȻд׳˫ۣﻹһ˾޴սìһʮ׸ߵľͻһػͨС
ʲô
е㾪ȣˣǿ϶ˣΪܹоֶû־ģһ־޴Ŀ
̵ػߣ˿˵̵ؽ̻йսźһǿһǰ̵س£ǿսʿֻǺι½½ʧˣʮʱ䣬ֺһʣѾˡ
ŵ˿ߡ
Ͽؽ籣
̵سطȻҲԭġ
Щ̵ػߺͨķ裬̵س赲һĴɭ룬ֻҪɭͷĴڣ̵سԱǴ´ġȻǶǰ̵س˵ڵ̵س˥أ⻼Ѿǳ
˰뾫αɭͶأһȺľԴȻôһĴõطҪ󷴶װóһˣ


409 Ŀ
뾫鲻һ⣬һ԰ݵ壬һ˵ֻҪܸ뾫ȡùϵ۲ͬ壬ǲͬȫʸ̵سӵһϯ֮أҲס̵سǡ
ֿ߹Ȼʹ̵سǷ٣ҲΪ̵سǴһϵ鷳Щ̵ܹسǵٷչв뾫ͳελ̻ᱳʵڰ֧⣬ҪԭΪ͸̫ˡ
̵س̳ʮһģ̻ҪΪʮ̵سǷչǳ죬ڻӰҪǹ̵ؽˡ
˴Ųӡ
Χ׼̵سǣоͷöһɳʹţϣܹ鷳Ͼ̵سڵȻʲôˡ
̸ȫ̬ȡ
̵سǺгġ
ǣʹôûл
Щ񲻰ʱ
ˣһæҳʹߣʹߡʹ߱ɱˣǿѾᣡ
˵ʲôϷŭһӣЩļһôߣ̰޶ȣΪ̵سں֮ڣ
ԵʮֻţҿϾҪˣӦþӦԣ
뾫岻һ壬սʿ࣬ʮ̵ػķǳһɭĳ»̵سɾ޴ƻȻ⻹ǴĵĵطĵľһıĻʹ
ߡġңһδƽһɭʱʱ
һֱ鱳ĻֵݣϾսҪԴͷ֮һΣٳûɿңһоͲѽˡ
ڰ֣׼
ǣ
ɭ̵ܽسǣЩա
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Ļʲôʱˣ׼˸ʱͻȻ΢΢һʲôˣ
һ࣬һ壬̻ļ˾˿
壿ǽ
ƺʲôüͷڴ󲿷ְ뾫黹֪࣬Ϊɭֲʱ̵ִسǣֻп˺ͼ֪ս飬Ͼܹ
½ûмϲࡣ
뾫Ҳ⡣
ο˴ʣ˾ζڱƨǣǿѹͷߣοԷһֻҪ֪ͨôһȺѣôõ
˰˶֧͵˿߽
˿ǳòǰ뾫΢΢񣺡˾˿˴
ûп˿ͶĿһ˿Ƚ϶̣˿ᣬлʮ꣬һСûʲô𣬾ٲǣҲӦòôһƹ̵سǰɣ
Щ˵̵سǿɲ̫ӭÿͣº͵˿˾ʲô𣿡
ǳǸҲʲôÿ͡û뷨ӻѾȡϣҽг죬̵ָسǳ
㡭һɣƾҲ̵سǳҿһǺͿˣԸͶ飡
ⲻȫ
ôû뵽Ͷɭ֣ɭȥ˶Դ뾫顣һëûγֱǶ̵سǵ裬ֱǶ԰뾫裡
̵سǾ˸ӡ
ʲô
뾫ŭݣҲǷǳΣԭƻ׼շһ䣬ЯȺĴӵ̵֧֮سǽŰ漣̻
ΪƻмֱʣҪ̵سǣ첻òı˳̵سǡ
˴ƾʲôأ
ƾʲôԼ
ƾҵ֪ʶҵĲŻҵͷԣ뾫飬ȴ֪ܵ˵˴ţǲһ򵥵ĶԼ
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һڣһ̵سڻ顢³ʲôġ֪ԼȻһ϶ᱻɣֻʹţƸԼƣˣ뾫ϿҵҲΪѣһɭְ
¶ű飺֪֪Լ˵ʲô֪Щʦʿʲô
޷ĸߵغѣʲôõĵġ
ϸǰһۣȻ˵ֹȷʵҪ΢һЩãҸģ
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뾫ΪЩ͸ѹԱԽԽ˥òͶɭ̵֡ܽسЩĸ󻼣ôʲôأ
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ʱ洫һڵź
΢΢һ㶣ô£
üԥ룺̵سɳȥ벿̸еʹ߱ɱ˻ˣȺ鼤ܣȻ飬ҪսⳡսԱˡ
΢΢һü뿴ʹߵ塣
ʲôЩ衣
λ뾫ʹΪ̵سǶɭԻعɭ֮Ļ˵ֻ뿴һλΪ̵سǶˣܷһЩʲôҲ˵
Ȼģüͷ΢ɣ̵֪࣬ؽʹͳã˾ܿҪʮʱ䡣
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˿Щ쿴ų졣
һȥһʬ壿
˰ѳɭһȻ޴Ѩռ䶼ƶԼλһ̳һ߿ʬ壬档
췢ʬ岱зϺۼǱ˿ԴĿȴ΢΢һ˵ȥ̸ʲô
ȻǹͬԶȹģ˼ʹŭ뾫Ը̵سǲֿһʳ˭֪ЩļһﾹȻ̰ѵΪ̵سܹƵ𣿡
ҡҡͷʹ߻ô˵ģҲǱߺһԴǿӲвŭԲűɱġ
˵ʲô˴ոնһøУʱ˿̶ʱ䵴Ȼ޴棺ɰ뾫Ͻ
ûнͣȻ䷺һ˿΢⣬ڰ뾫ĶͷһģЧ֮£뾫ȥҳ
˴Ѿŭɶʲô
쵭˵Լ
ͻȻһϸ΢ХӰ뾫Ķ棬һֻĵĳ˳һͰ
˿һʦƳ棡
һܿƾ˼άĶӦĳƳġ쿴ﲻС棺ûв´Ļʹ߸ո뿪̵سǣ⵽Ϯֻӣ˼άƵ²μ̸УռŭɱҲŭ˰뾫顣
˿Ȼ򣺡Ҳ˵Ļ
ûȻĻ֣ôͺðˡָŷһ׻棬ֱҶûʣ£ôһһν̰ɣ
˴סˡ
࡭ȷʵ򵥰


410 
˿Գ֣̻Դĸߵһڽ̣̻ٻѱͬʦҪó乥깥ƶ֮ƫֶΡֹƳ˼ַ̻Ƚϸһ
סˣû𣬼ûа취ģΪꡢ˼άûκθ״̬ⴿǴʵĲ˼롣
컭Ļûʧ˵ɫм־ֻƺַ㡭
Сҳݡ
̻ʷйأʱѾˡڹżϼйļأҪֻһѡ
쵱оһ㣬ȻǺܾͨƽССƳȴ´ࡣ
Ȼ֪˭Ҳͺðˡ
һ̵سΧķЩء˿üͷμĹŹ־͹ŹȫȻҲŹ֣꣬ȺǨ޹ֻʱ仯ŻϢ̵صȺ仯ûκףĪ仯
ڻɣʦԼ̳ʩȺӶһϵб仯ķȫǿġֻǣûֱ֤ݣҲ֪ǴʲôʱʼеģھȥǣЩҲǵġ
ֲӦô죬ӷǰһѣ
ǿ¼ǰڳﱸһֻ̾Ͱס⵼³ļƻˣʵ̫ɶˣ
˵̻С̵سǸźüʮͽɿϣֻǳϮ̵سǵʱֻᷢͽһĻ̵ؽ̾ûбƣҲܴܵʧ
ĵƺʶϾԣ޷ʹʲôʱֹƳסģпǽڣҲпܸãʦȻԿһ뾫飬ôȫԿƸ뾫顣
ǿ͹۴ڵġ
ϸһ顣
׹ƲֱɱԺ󣬿ٽӹ񾭣ܽӹк˼άʽȫں֪±ƣƽǿճԷ˯׽˶ᷢκ쳣
Щ׹ƿˣһſŶʱը
̻ҪЩʱ˾ͻͨã˲ͻɥʧΪ˼ӶΪ֮µĿܡ
ʦʱȫ˼άǱĬĸı˼롣Ϊϲŭ壬һ־Ҳǿֶͨġ
˿Ϳ˶Ŀɿڴ
شȴ֪֮١
Щʦʮ꽻ı˻˼άȻ̵Ļܰô֪أ
ѹ֣ѹְܷչô죬ڲΧкܴӰ̵سҲкüԭͳ
ʮ
Щ귢չͽʮ
аǿȵʦ̵мսԼЩ̵سǿƵĿܣһɷǳµʵ
ֵγ죬Ѿۼʮ򣬾˵ڼĿܹﵽʮЩǰѲԶ˲˸ߵЧʣ˵ûи˭ֻأ
һ𹥳ǣֱӿƵĲҲᷢټ̵سڲϣ뾫ӦӦĳ棿
У̵ذ뾫̻ЩʿԹô³Ҳһδ֪
ϵˡ
Ȼۻ𡣡û뵽ܿôͨ͸ڴλȴԴ⣬ʱ˿Ҳͷ󺹣̵سлա
뾫龫ͨУó⽻óȨıˮԽԽ룬һʱ벻ƽİ취ˡ
˿Ҳеľ
˵ǿˡ
˭ֻ뵽̬ӵ˵زأ
˵ľѯʵôΪ뾫жѾΪʦĿܣ
ֹƳѶȷǳƹҪķߵΪѪܶģǵǴɲصġϸϸ˼һǰҵİ뾫ֻҪס̵سǣһ㶨ġ
־Ķô
ѾȫûˣֻߣһпܻΪ̵سˡ

ʱ֣ɭʮХɭ֡ʿǡɱڣǾۼĹУɭʱʱȻЩһЩС޷һϴ̵سǡ
鿪ʼʳħ塢塢塢塭и߲㣬ȫμⳡ飬ЩͲͬ죬ʱ˿ȫһ߷֮ɫ
̵سʵ̫ţ
ȻǣǳΪū
Щ뾫ͷ֪Ϊǻһǰ𣿡
Ǻܾܿۼʮˣʱ̵ӳ֣ǵս϶һֹ̤ƽЩǿиɵİ뾫׾٣
ֶһķŭꡢУһȲҪ̵سǣ̵سǶճɻңеĲƸʳ
˾վڽһ˿ŪЦ⡣
ţͷ尢ŵǧţͷ־μˣ
ȺȻһţͷսǳǿӵвѷɫʳħ˶ǣȴرóǰ߳棬ǧţͷּײ˺ЩСİ뾫ߡ
ŵţͷֲȻҲԲμж
ⰢŵţͷһľӣԸҲǻ𱬺ֱһͳĲٴͳţͷ֣ţͷԸעǲˣӣȻŵˣǾʹţͷҲ뵽̵سһѡ
ʮͼʦӼŵ¡
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һ˵һƱǰͷ䣬˭˭ֵöͶ࣬ǧţͷֿ²
ţͷ֧ԮĿɲսʿŵºһЦȱĲսʿţͷֲȱ
ȱʲô
ʳ
ʲôס˵ʳ
ŵ¿˶ÿűţͷֲһָвĿⶼйȥǧȫװţͷ֣һ˶Ƥͷһһ޵İЩʿ
ӪضڻС
ֱɵˣ⣬ô¡
ŵºٺЦ˵ţͷֲ䲻ǰһˣЩʳﶼǴģþƺܹ㹻̵سǣ
ˣ
ˣôܰôʳɭ
һһ죬ɱ˺ܶ࣬ЩѾʼѯʰŵôϵǸˡ
Ҳ֪ŵҡͷҪҿ԰ϵԡ
˾һۡ
ӱ˴۾ﶼ
и˾һӡд
𣡡һͷʳħȻǰ̵سҪʳûУαػǮ̽ףο˭֪ܹӦʳ̵سǣǳʮ꣡
ԣ
̵سǣ
ŵ£ʳ̫ʱսʿԱӣһ̵ܰس£ʱһݣ
ŵͷţͷĿƲ˾һۣȴ¶Ź֮ɫ


411 ˵
̵سǣʮλ˾Χڼ̳ʽ
Դĸߵأ̻ͽҪ顢ˡħɣ̵سڼǰˣǸʱ뾫̵ؽ̻ỹǿһֱû̫չʮǰ뾫龭սҿʼѸ˥Դ̵̻سӭչ
ʮǰĸߵذѴ˾˹ɵ̵سǣ˹̵سķչΪ˾˹ǿټĸߵ̵ܽԴ֧֣ʮʱͰ̵سǵģŵʮֹ
ڣ̵سʦ
ʦǼΣĽɫЩʦһٶȡ˾Ͷ
һʦΪʽ˾Ҫ߱鼶ʵҪһ¯ࡣ

̵سվȽŸ
˾ͳʦ뾫˳ȡ̵سǽʸ񣬽Χ䷢չƬɭֵͽ붼Ѿﵽüʮ
ٲȻΪһ֧в̵ؽ̵ˣ
ʱ˿̣ǧǿ׳Ӱֲһʯ㣬ÿ˶ֲϢɭ൱Ľɫ
Ѿˡ
Щһ嶼̻ķģһ޴ʻ棬ӽŵȵ壬ͷŵָȫȫˣһǿЩɢ
׿һּ˲̵ƶɵĿܡ
ʦ׿ֳһӣͻȻ׿ͷһקͷƤͷǹǶ˳һӣЩ׿ȻһҲ
ÿ׿­ǵĴѾͿˡ
ʦһѳץǧһ򾣬ڲϵ䶯ţȫ׿տյ­档
ÿһӶʦѴѪƳ׹ƣЩ̺ǿӶ׿ʦ̰ͷǹ¸ǻȥֱֳ
̳ϣһ׷ԲԵϾħ߾˫֣һɻ֮С
ΰ񣡡
׼׿ǿ
Ӽ̳һǿҵĹâջǧ׿ϣ­治䶯ӣ˲Ծ˺üڲ׿壬ÿ׿Ƥ׶гĹâǿˡ
ڡ
һһĶˡ
Ǳն˫ۣͻȻӣɣȫϥڵϣͳ﷢꣡
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ЩܲͨĿܣͷŶӳָ䣬ÿһëȻս⣬弸ǲ֮»𣬲ˮᣬи򵥵˼ֱĿսʿ
ʱѾˣһ׷ԲԵϾħۣ¶һ˫â˸۾սذ̵سɷ棡
ĸߵ˾˹һλɲϾħѾһʮˡ
˹һ䣺³ȣ
˾ʲôԸ
һƤߵ˹ǰ³һȻȽᣬȴǳˡ³Ͻ˹̵еλܸߣѾǶҲ˹֡
˹˵沿׼ô
³ȻشЩ俪ʼҲῪʼлӦһսʮþȡ
ܴ⣬뾫Ȼ˥˭Ҳ֪ʲôơ˹˵뾫Ͷɭ֣ǵʱ䲻࣬ڰ뾫ļӿˣȥǡ
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³ȴżʦһƧµ£ʼʩչ⼸ڰ뾫߲еӡ
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ʱЩˡ
³Ⱥʦʼ䣬̾͸Ӧ׹ƴڣһԼ׹ȫȡǵ˼άЩ뾫鶼档
ʦܶ׹ƴһЩ򵥵Ϣ֮ġ
ЩָȴֱӴݣʦŪߣֱӶϸָʾ
Լʮӡ
뾫Ӱ
ǱʦƵ뾫飬Ƕǰ뾫и߲㣬ֻҪס⼸뾫飬ؼʱ̴򿪽磬ر̵ػߣô̵سǵķȫ̱ս̻ʤɡ
ʼɣ
³Ȱڰ֡
ʦ뾫飬׼ֿסǣʼָʱͻȻ뾫鼸ͬʱ֣ӵܳһЩ綾˲ͰʦסˣһֱӴ
ʲô
³ȴʧɫûô£ΧݵغȻͱĳһͳڶϻص
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ӳֵȻ֮ÿһݶñȸӲҾзǳֲֻҪԷԸһͷҲ̼ʳ⡣
Щͷųܹѹ³ȵԪɥʧֿ
˷³ȣһЦ벻ɣ
㣡
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ʱи꣬һĵĺ壬ӿ˱߳
˾
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˿Ц񰡣ץ˸У̻ˡ֣ô֪˹һأ
ð뾫̵ܽسǷһؼԵǸʲô˾Ҳȥġ
ôãҿֱɱΪá˿³ɫһ䣬˵һ̻λͣɱ̻ܽʵڿսǰǵʿ
Ҳôġ
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ô
û˹Ļܼ̳и²ӶΪ䡣컰˼ǳԣԶģֺαҪ˹ΪĸߵصĿܺأ
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Ҫһ⣬ҲǣʵҪһ̣˵ʲô£ֶΡֻǾãȫ̵سʧе̫ϧˣϾһõģ
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һ˵Ƶ治ѱһ
ڶ˹ĸߵֱɹ˾ֱĸߵأûк̸ܣΨһϣõģžֻ³ˡ
˵ҽһ£Ǿ׷̵سóＴΪҵأھ͸ѡ񣬵һ͸һҷ𣬵ڶǺִ˹Ϊ䣬㱣ɣΪ̵سһԱ̵سǷչ
ɭôһ
³ȿһԱߵĿˣȻ˱е㸴ӣƺӡ֤˵Ļ
Ҳ̫ʲôģҩȴһţȡһöҩֱǿ³ȵöҩھͻᷢʴչܽҪнƵҩɭûܽ⣬һˣӦöѡ񡣡
ʮϵİ취ǣʹ̵س𲻵ǣѵǾ͸ıĸߵָֻţΪһʱӣ
ˣԺɣ
Կ˰ڰ֣˰ˣûٶ࿴һ̴ۣſ˺͵˿뿪ˡ
ɶ񣡡
³ܸоһҩڶ̶̼ʱ䣬ѾÿϸûмϸǿȴƫƫǱĶҩ
û˵ѣ»ɭﶼܽ⿪ⶾˡοǱڽֻ죬Ҳ˵֮ڣѡĻˡ
ɶ
ֻһʱ˵ز
ǸصൽǴĳģ
ǵ񲻰̻
³Ȼص˾ڶ˹һۣӰź𣿡
³ȵͷĿ΢΢Щ죬ƽ糣˵˾ģȫźˡ


412 ̵ػ
³Ҳ˵ԭ
ǸʱһֲԤСģݷľ綾ǸֶΡ

Ѿ׹ƿƵİ뾫飬׹ȻǵʦȴʧȥǵĿƣ³ȸеܲʦ׹Ƽûа취ƽģҲʦڡ
ʵͳǰ׹Ʋƽ⣬Ϥ̻һмƻ뾫ҲѾʼ׼ˡһ벻λʮþȵһսʤ뽵һ롣
³汲̵سǵӸʼǸõĸߵϵѾĸߵ˾ڶ˹طѾΪͬԴ
һҲ׼ȷ
Ȼڶ˹ڽооȨ˾̵бʦվռݴģ˵Ǽɵ˾ڶ˹˵ǺݷĸߵصȻ
ĸߵһŭСС̵ֵһᣬڶȻ־壬̵òڶ˹쵼Ϊĸߵذ̵سǵһ֧ķչ켣ʦʴ뾫飬վܽؿ̵سˡ
˭֪뾫ȻͶɭ֡
ĸߵطǳŭΪɭƿУ̵سǵ̵̵سǣû̵سǿҲܴܵӰ죬뾫ʵȻҪ뾫ƴȻʹۡο̵سѾɭ֣ǿ̵ġ
³ѾԼԼоڳΪЩɭ־ͷǲĵһӣһ̽ɭֵߣһʱӡ
³ȳ˼ߵʦ˵ÿ˾ϣټ˾ҪҪ
˾ϣټ˾³ȵĸҲ̵ļҪ쵼ˣſԡ
ŵ˿뿪³֮
е㲻˵ôŹ³ȣһÿƵĽɫǺòһȻڶ˹Ļ̵سֻ벻档
ڶѾȫĿ࿴ˡ
̵سǵһʱ䣬ֻǼо״ҪԱϢͰŽһ֣󵨶ּܳɹĻǹȻܴѹһʧܷʹ̵سȻɥʧΪʦ֮󣬰뾫һϵвжͺѽˡ
뾫ͷȻŲң
ĲмԱߵĵ˿˵Ųң
Ƶ϶³ɺܴʼǷЧɡ˸µĶҩ϶³вû˻Ըġ˿ƺѾˣҪһǣʦڲ磬ر˹ĸߵ³ȴ̵ϵƽʱԣȻڵķǳʱڣȴǴ¿ġҾƻȫԳԡ
ͷ˵γ֮Ժǳ
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ڸʲô
Ѿ࣬Ҫˮ㣬̵֪سǳ⣬̺͵³鷳
û˱ٶأȻǰЩǹϵ̵سǴǲ̫⣺̻Ĵһ˹أ¹졢ǳأ¶ֵȺ˾Ҳٹ죬޷һǵжֱǷʤġ
³أ
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뾫ûʲôϢúһгУȻᱻЩҲѹҪͶɭ֡
˿ʣҪȻų͵³ˮ㣬ͬʱҲչƻ»ɢǵľ»ȫֲ
˵ûҲûдһȫ鷳Ͼ̵سڵʵһʿ˵̵سǵ̵ػ߻ж٣
ǧ࣬ǧֲ˥Ҫָͨ͹ذѾûа취ˡ
ֲ΢΢һüȥ
˰ѳ̵سǵһ¶
ר̵ػߵ֮һüٿ̵ػߵ磬̵ؼ̳Ĺ
⣬ٿþ޴̵ػ߱תƵǶȫ壬ֻѾû취ʹˡ
̵ػһַǳǿĺϳ壬ǰ뾫ȡԶŵս֯ʵ̵ؽ̼˾ķϰ뾫ΰķ֮һˡ
ÿһ̵ػ۶ʹһǧ꣡
̵سǰȫʢʱڣԼ̵ػߣ֧һȫĴͽ磬߸ûа취Сڣ̵ر˥ǧֻлǧֻˣôôĵӣ
һȪˮ
ⲻͨȪˮ̵ؼ˾Ȼ֮ף;ģÿһܵͨȪˮһͰǼֵ޵汦ƻָżõЧ
Щ̵ֲػߣѾ˥ܲ紹ľҶӿݻƲȻ뾫鲻ϧɱȼߵȪˮ࣬ҲֻܻǵĿٶȣȴûκκתļ
⡭
˴ˣôһ
صأĻܣܱӣ
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ҲǣֱʶѸӵ̵ػڣԼԼĸо̵ػ߱һˣһַӡѹ̵ػߵ
˰뾫飬԰ꡣ
ǲʲôϣˣΪʲôһأ
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УֶͨεĻҪķѲΪЩ屻ʴ²һһϦȫָһûа취εսˡԥȡһСƿӣжһЩҺ壬ƿӽ˿ȪˮȪˮǡ
뾫Ƕסˡ
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һ԰ɣûиð취ˡ
˿ݺݵЩ뾫һۣͰƿ涫ȪˮУ֮䣬Ȫˮһ㰵죬ĳ档˿ܹоѯʵ۹⿴һ۳
ͷɡ
һˮڰ̵ػϡ
ŵ鷢ˮ̵ػ˲䣬̾ͷ͵űˮĵطɫʱΧɢ֮»ЩήҶȻһ˲»
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ЧͼӰġ
ò˶ã̵ػ߾ͻȫָЩսȹ̺ˡ


413 ³
̵ػ֮߱󣬿ľѸٻָҶӱñǰֲֿ̣Ļָٶܼһˮܽٸ̵ػߣ뾫Ͼ޴⣬־͸㶨ˣ
Щ֦ҶøÿƬҶӱ涼һЩԷֱѪ˿װĳ·ĳ󷨣̵ػɢĳرϢƺǰøǿˡ
̵ؼ˾Ͻһ顣
ɭ֮ϣ
Щ̵ǿһ
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˿ûмֻڴ֡
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ʵĻ̵سЩɴ˾һ𶼲ȴĶ֣
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ҲΪʲô˶Ե³̷ǳɵԭ
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ҲΪʲô֪Ҫݷõ³ʱͼֹΪͽ޹Щеĵ³Ҫ鷳
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ȴ֪۾ͷС۾ȴܴ󣬾ĳЩССа۾ͬȴ˫峺̺ŶϤһеǻۡ
ҽг죬Ե³ĽӣҼ˵еĵ³֪̫ˡ˿رȴĿ⣬ȻôɣȴʦΪΣ

˲ĻһΧе³ʱŭס
֪ڵ³̵λߣκһ³֪̻гɳģСȻȴʦ񣬼ֱӵ³̣򲻿ˡġ
˺͵˿ɫһ䡣
Ҳû뵽ܵ³Ȼᵱô³棬ǵ֪Ҫ


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ȴ峺ƽһˮû˿Ҳû˿ӿ֣Χ³ȫȻﶼֲĵͺ𣬵ûٸκζ
ܸ࣬оڲͬȴ֪ºƽ˵³֪ȷʵܹܵһ˿磬ֻϧƵģԽǿԽӣҲԽ忴׼һܿһȴһͷ̡ô
ȴ۾һ˿ɫʣˡֱԣȻվҵǰȴ޷о磬ͺ㲢ʱһָоҴûġ
˵ģ
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ڹһЩϵ֪츳ܹĶ챾ֻһԣȴһе𾪣ѵһܿʲô
ǺӣǶһȥ˰ţ沨޷ܡȴ˵ʱͻȻ¶һȤ飺һԸıԼ򣬶ĵطгƫԭȵĹ켣
ܸоǸˣ߶˱仯ȴĿڵ˿Ϳϣ¶˼пֱ飺̵سǾѾ޷Ԥˣ߶ҳһš
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С㡢ӨӨϹˣȫᰴԭ켣ȥĳָıеʷȴô˵Ҳȷġ
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ȴĻóӡĹͬ˱ɺӣԽǿԽԼķλãǾǿˣҲûа취ı֮ӵ
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λ³֪лҪĪ⣬Ҫһǣλ֪Գζһͷǰȴ㲻ܾ׼ƣȴԸоԸ˵ǿ
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׹ɢĹУȻܴܵ˺ǲû֮ǡ
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˾׿ǧ׿սһ֧ӡ
Щ뾫龡ܶﾫ񣬿ҪֵĽǲܵġ
Ͳˡ˹ǰһ֧ٴ׿ֱӰѰ뾫Ǳݻ٣ɱȫɱ⣡
쳷
쳷
뾫Ǳڽڰˣ̵ػ߳ڻЩ˳ˡô̵ػȻ޼µģ˾׿ǰ͹һʹ̵ػ߽㣬ԼٶȼӴܵİ뾫׷
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Ϊ뾫˵һȺ̵ؼ˾м䣬˹Ȼ£͵ոսУ뾫оȻûг̵ؼ˾ôֻһֿܣǹװܶ͡

˹ոշ̵ؼ˾ȴ˾ǰ֣ûûбٻֻǵһ޴ޱȵԪ̵ؼ˾Ԫ˾ûмģ˾ޱȺȻǡ
׿һ߽ԪʧȥƽվվȣƤͷһһЩӸǼŴƺҪߣո䵽ϻûü¾ˡ
һ˲书
Ԫɵüٸ׿Զ˾ޱȾ޴ˣ


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ԶԶվڰɽ۷չ
뾫龫ѾΧˮйͨˡ
뾫ЧҲ̫ǿ˰ɣ˿ٸ׿һ߽Ļ棬ӶɳЩһǳ׷ˣķǳһνӴ㣬Ϊʲôܴƽǵأ
ĻҲʵڲһ㣬Һѽ͵һδ֪Űɣ
ԷӨӨſӿ϶ҪˣǴСҲݺݸһ
úúãҵųˡ˿ȴǵûκߵýĿǲ׷ʣ˼ĺܺ͸Һòã
Ůĥ䣬ħûܵˡ
ﲻ֪Ůʲôһ֧ǿĽ̻ᣬĸߵغ̵سǣɭֺܶвӰһֱѹ̣ܴӳѶԸİ취Ū󻹻Щָʦ
ʵԶһַɣվСþ裬ֻҪҵԵƽⷽκܸƻ˵һ룬ھ취ʱ͸¶ˣԺİ£ѧȻѧõ
ôܵĻشôõ˿⣿˿׼ʹȻ󷨺úÿʿһʱͻȻһɱ

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Ϊһǣư뾫ûзЧ뾫ĶڶԸߣĲӲܹýŵµɭǣ㲻֮󣬻뾫ԸͽӦѾˡ
ڱ
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ǧ׿̵Ļ̵ͬػ߶԰뾫Ҫһ׿˾ڴ˵ĸڣҪ˵ˣԼ֪׿ʲôȱ㣬ЩûкľǰǿԲϸġ
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׿оԵģʦûפؾӣڱ뾫ŰΧס֮ɫѾޱȣе㲻֪ˡ
ܱ뾫ɵƽ⣬һصĴ
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ӳֲٽмֱ̳ṩۣأ뾫ûô׹ݽȥˡ
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뾫ȻϤʦͼǰֳһֹŷļʸɲǣԪἤÿ֧֮׿뾫һУ̾ͷİľһ䣬ձض䶯ӡ
˵
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˿ԶԶһĻĴ˾һҪǴԱֲܼطһӾܸɵǧˣ
Ҳ΢еԾ
ĸߵʦȷʵˢӣΪ²ˣΪ̫ѲĹϵͨͬʿº
˹һΪ磬˻ᵽ
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˹ıѾȫ¶˴ǺҪνˣǲκλᣡ
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һҡ
ھ㷴ӦҲôˡ
ѱ뾫ƽ⣬ƻ϶Ҳ޷ʵʩȻԱһʱһֱڴأ
˹ոʩչ޴󣬲ȻҲᣬʱ˿̴Ŵ۳ܷŭɺ޵İ뾫飬ɶĿˣץסҪֻ׳潫һĥ
һƤİ˼˾߹˾̵ؼ˾Ѿְӡסû취ʩչڸô죿
ˣǲԴˡ˹˵üָ̳һɱȥʦôǵġ³ȣӳ棬һڻġ
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ǿԡ³ߵ˹׼˵ȥʱһɫʰ쵵Ĵ򼣬һ֧㼤ȥֱҧϾħĲϣɱ㣬Ȼͷ̵سͶ
ڶ˹ҽһ
³ƶ׳棬һͷҧס׶Ҳ̼á


417 ʦս
˹Ϊ³֮ϣƽ͵Ϯûֵġ˹ոľ޴ֶ³ûʲôű³͵Ϯ֡
³һ׺֮Ȼɵ˾ȻͲκ飬ƵβһҧڳκˣΩҧǰһҧס˹˲䣬³˫ƹϳݺ˹ؿڣȻʦûа취湦³龳Ϊ㵥ͷԪҲɷǳǿƻˡ
˹عͳͳѿһѪ鲣ˣ˲ͱ׷ɳȥصײһ̳̳ײðݽȥ
˾
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ʲô˼ҵ˹ʲô˼³ɫǰûһҵ̵سǣʯͬھȴҪʹʤˣһƬ̵سǶʲô壬ʹʤˣɭһŭܷܣĸߵزǰǵһſпӣѵǾôıڲ𣿡
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Ӽ̳ԽһӰͷ׷ѪһֲֻĶĻƤѾãѪȻжһٵͽûиߵصڽ̵̣ͽŻˣ
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ϼһ³ȵβ򼣬ں޷֮£Ӳ³ȫƣûȥô˾ʵȴлҪߡ
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˾ڸԼ׹ƣЩƳڣ³βҧ˾ʱЩƳͰѴͶҺˣ˴˾ƾܲᣬȴûܵ˺
³ȾܸеȥҲڱ³ȷǳԼβ˾󲿷ֶأȴȻС̵ڣټ˹ɵƣûôȫָ
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еĹԱܺĴϴ֮Ԫ궼Ϊһʦڳ׳Ϊʦ֮ԪҲᷢ죬ʦż˾һԪż
˹ҲͷųһʦżԪǿҪߺܶ࣬ʦż˲䣬ָһݡݲ֮ݣģиʦżȥֻܿһ΢ɼĻӰ
ݰ³ȸϽܿһվֱߵʦУһˮϣݾȻ̼Ӱˡ
һ롣
ʦҽһ
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˹ǽλã³ȸոճ򱬿һѪм䣬ͻȻʲô
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˹ߴӰ䶯£ͷҰͷȻɳɫƤ¡Скܶ䶯ԽԽ࣬͵ҲԽԽ󣬼ڼʱͱһƤ
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˹һԱʮը
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³ȴһСʦոӳѾһƬѪˡ
˼һ̧֣Ҫй¶
̵ؼ˾׷׳֣һȥڴγһذľ޴Բкüɺ̺ǿķӡ汬ըҲй¶һ㡣
˿ķظǸ϶Ȼݣҿûȥս϶ҪԴġ
˾ˣսˣҲȥɡ
ŵ˿߹ʱ뾫Ѿʼʰս³ڵļʮҴʦ뾫ץȴ䡣
³ȿ̺ˣѾ˵ȥˣ
԰뾫ӻʾˡ
뾫鵱Ȼûѯ˵⡣
Ҳûа취뾫ɻʤԭǳ죬ֻðڰ֣ǡ
ѽҩӸ³ȣȷѡڳ׽ⳡûսҲϣͽⳡɣ
³ͷ
ⳡսѾʹʦʧء
ͽˣûѪҺ֮£¾Ҫһ겻ˡⳡսκ壬ѾһͿأûз̻ˣ


418 
̵سɭֳУ벿ڣԿŵĵطó׵гͲͬ壬ɭССʱС򡣲йϸҲ棬ֻȡþʸ̶ӣ֤߱ðռҲܽ
̵سǾ뾫꾭Ӫڻþסʸ񡢿ʸ񡢾ʸ񡢳ʸ̶ӡ塢ȫ
ɭֳҪӪվҵóססȡĸ˰ά̵֣سռ൱ıη粨ֵǷ꣬˲֪ܲ˿̾ƹù棬áðߡ뾫ǣȫ̸ֵʼĩ
٣ǣ֪𣿡һƷĵؾ̷ǳ˵̵سͱһսˣ
һɭͷǰǰ̵س̫費ȫˣܲúˣ˵Χɭֲ嶼˰ҿ̵سǿ̯˦˺ˡ
Ƿİɡƹһذ뾫æͣЩ̶̵سҪԴǶ̵سʧȥģǶ԰뾫˵ʧʹˣΣЩһɵģѾʣˣҲʲôвˡ
һ뾫ӹ̵سѾַȼɭֲ壬Ϊɭָ建⼢ΣͷʣպìܣȻ̵سʧʣž֮Χɭֲһ飬֣ҲŽһ¶Կˣ
ɭ˶һ֮ɫ
˭̵֪سѾҡҡ׹ʹͦΣͦ´ô
ʱһ֪Ļðռʣˣ˵̵س֮ûܵʲôشʧȫΪһİ̵سǾͦΣҲҪ޴Ĵۣһδ𣡡
ļٵģǴð࣬ȻôͣΪʲôǰû˵أ
һ뾫ͷ˵ҵүү̵ؼ˾࣬ʲô죿һʮࡣ
ֶɭֲҲȷʵİû˵һɭԶԳ̵سǽѣЩҲеǳԾ
ȻǳԾЩˡ
ʱһð߳ƹݣ̵سǰ뾫ոհ䷢ĸʾŹ֮ɫģˣǿ
ɭһһէʲô
ѲҪսˣ
ƹһžॣǷ׷վȥðĸʾ֪ʱÿһ˶Ӷ쵯ˡ
дʲôˣһ˼źҲʶİǿ
°䲼Ϣ
Ǹʵݱҿɭ־յ̵سǳ
գ
ļٵģ
ջ˰ɣ
Ƕһƿڴ˭̵֪سǿŲסǵõϢɭ׼ǰ̣Щ˲ŰֻҪ̵سǱɭͳϽĳУôԾǿľʵǣ̵سǻǺлٶȷٵġ
أ
ǽˣȴѳ͸ࡣ
ⲻ岻ɾӹһôȹ̾棿
أأ
̵سǵĴ˴Ѿȥְλھ̵ؽ̻˾ŵо쵣̵سǵĴ
Чסʼȫӹܰ뾫ǵһˣ
һϣ
һը
Ͷϲ£ˣڿЦɭֺҲˣڰ뾫Ҳź
СϢǰֻǻɭΧһС죬˵һС̻ˣֻǹһ̵ܵس
٣һδɵСӣƾʲô̵سǳ
ģ뾫鲻вأ
̵سҪ𣿡
βð֮ˣ뾫ڲҲܴĺ䶯˴ô൱أʵ̫ˣ

ԼСʱǰ
ոս
Ȼƻһӣûܿסɭֲ壬Ҳû̫ϵ뾫ìܻ³Ϊ׵̵һɣ޷ð뾫Σ⵽ĸߵرȷӵϳλãȷ̵سǱӻ֮£һϯչء
ţͷְŵҲֳ֧ģе˿ڵ̻ᣬõƾܲ࣬δ󹦵Ļᣬ˻ǰѴλøˡ
ŵ˿·ϣ˿һƲ֮ɫ
ιҳɹһȻõλãôҲԶˣҲ˳γ֣ѵӦףһ𣿡춶ϻĳۣǰ뾫ոոģ˵һӵ֮ġ
ƽʱ˿ƺû飬һڰ뾫ڲ޴飬ɭ̵ָس³һ࣬˭޷ܵʵɣͲµ˻췴𣿡
޿ɷϡ
ȷʵʦìУǳֶθ߳뾫Ѿʧˡվһ࣬һûγھȫݵʱ
̵سǸûԼ̵̻سûʲôӰ³Ȳѹѣڰ뾫ȷʵһЩϼһǴ뾫ǲһΪ˵ġ
ڵǹѳƵ˼⣬Ϻǳ⣬ʵˮúأ
촦һ˳
ݽǸȨȻڰ뾫
˿˵Ϊ뾫ǹ鷳˴󹦵ģҲȷʵǱɭֳϣֱˡ԰뾫鲻һϲԸ㣬ǰ뾫鶼͵㷸ء
һŵĴ
ֻҪζŰ뾫Ȼأ̵سǸӾƲΣ⣬кܶ⻼Ҫϴλ֮󣬾ֻᱻĸӸӡ
Ҫǳʧ뾫ȫܽɭþıҾǿ
ȸһᡣ
Ҳǰ뾫ԽΪ˵һֲԡ
۳ιͶ󣬰뾫ףȻȱͬУ͵λлɡ
ûϵϲս
߽ĳǱվһشǰڱ÷ǳ濴ȥʱҰǰããһƬ
һš
һȻС԰̲ϸᣬٻʢţһСѴУȴµطȻֹһбǧɸ߿ա
ƺ粨ΣһµƯϣɽеĸ߷岿λڵĳȺɽ֮Уɽ֮ϵĳǱԸɽҲ̵ܹس
ģǳӴǱаٲ֮࣬·ԶԶؿȥʱΰɽһ붼ɳǱȻںһ𣬼ֱƷһ
ʥ͸뵱С
ضǿѹ֡
ﻹһƬѵõĶ츣ذ̵سλúܺãֻϧ˻̫ˣԵñȽ塣ӦòܾõģֻҪ漣̻ܲǨ̵سӰ϶ԽԽճΪɭصһС
ԳǱǳ⣬ͷ˵ˣεһ첻͵̰ѴļʲôùɣҪʼˡ


419 ķ
칫ʯİһָոݺõĲ裬ˮǺˮõ̵ȪˮҲǺò裬õǾϵȵľ̲衣
ʮ⡣
ǰһ˸ߵĹ⻬ӣӰģһŮȻͷߣҲͤͤѩ£ôĴ󣬸ϸϸóĳԲԲഺĻ֮Ҳʲôȱ㡣
սϸ˿
óܽ۲գֱ⻬þ㣬۾峺ˮӾ¶ͦΣС첻죬ɫ˿ɢڼϣɶ
һӣôûƭɣ㻹ݼˣ
ۣӨӨ۾⣬ڰһ⡰İ칫𣿿ݻѽ󴰻ʲô԰ôƶأĳɹĵϳˣôôѽ
Լ֪ˣڰֺС¶˵ֵһ᣺µСô
ѾΧͳһڼƻó͹ҵһأ滮Ҫˣ漣̻дͶˣµľͿѾɹɣģлҪö࣬һԪҲԿʼоޱޱĸռֿ⣬ҲѾһȶľռ䣬ǵΪܴܴ󣬻С
ţ
Ҷû͵
ȻһƽȷչǾͳɣֽȱҪʹСЭ
ã
ӨӨ¶ϲɫȥˡ
ӨӨڳͨѶôôˡʱһдԵĶŮԱһļ𱬵ĸŮھⲻǴС˭
̸Сһк
ϳȻҲеǳĳԾû뵽չô졣ԴСûʲôģ˾Ͱ龭͵ǰ˵һ顣
˵λûȹ̣Ҫʽƶ̵سǷչҿ漣̻ӪչģѾвСʽ𴢱ˡ費˼˵Դֵ漣̻Ԫʯǧ飬̵̻̯úܴǧƷԪʯתһ̻һڲרõĿռֿ⣬ǱҪǮĻʱŲáһᾡԴȡԪʯԹչġ
漣̻ѾôǮ
ִ󳬳ԤǴԪʯ漣̻ڻԴϻɵȼԪʯô뻹üһλɣ˽⵽ˡ
дСλûк֮
ﴫĽŲǵ˿ˡ
ãȲˣҪͼǿĿʼˡСӨӨ˵һž͹رͨѶʹӰ
һ̧ͷ
飡
ᡢĿʼǣСɽǰкüٲֱ֮࣬ӾͰѳˡ
ⶼʲô߰ģ
װĳʲôأĳֵ˿˼Ц⣺һС֣ҶװȫǳҪĿϡ
ûôôࣿ
밡˰˵̶ӵǼϣԱпΧɭֶ̬ݡɭԼ⽻ооݣй滮ݰˮֲֳ̣϶ΪǷʩ
УˣЩȴСɡһѺû뵽ô鷳ʱǸһͰˮҪ֪Щʲô
ôģ
˿һ䣬ǻش˵̵س״ֹۣ뾫ѾǳˣҸոտһȲ֧Ȼﵽ165%뾫鱾ʹƲıԵʮ˰ձʮ껹50%»Ʒǳأ֪ζʲô𣿡
ζʲô
ɭ̵ֺسԼ뾫ѳ׸ɭ֮󣬰뾫ЩۼƲƸԴȻ뾫Уɭе뾫֧ͬġ仰˵γһ̿ʼԶʼ̰뾫͸ծĿǰ֧Լ㣬ÿ±عҪԼǧٿƷԪʯ
ԽǮǷǳеġ
ڵ˿ϵԳ֣ôʱͰѲ״
ۣ
һڲˮ絽ϣÿ»ҪԪʯһ©ˮĺɭôܻܣ㿪Цɣ
͵ÿ˭ˣ御ܲôԣܸģ̵سоǿʵפܿͻָתΪӯҲˮɣҪʲôԶԾ˵һ׬⡣˿˵ĿƳһۣҴ㣬һ̵سһ̶׼·һ··ˣ˰ֵôˮ̱ҿรɡ
ÿ²Ԫʯ©
κ˵һСְɣ
漣̻ȷʵǮǳʱ̫ˣ̱ȲЩɭִ壬ðȻôһӣеԲ
ЩԪʯܲһЩ
˿ѸٷϸЩ֧Ҫʲϵ룬̵سǾʹãֲֳģ뾫Щռһ롣
һأ
Ȼзˣ˿ֲۣǲ֪뾫֪̽ǿ壬뾫оˮƽɭֶŵϺŵģʵоҪĵĲϺԴһ޴֡
Ҫǽ̵سǡ
ͨԴĺ;Ԥ֮ģȻа취ȼٿ֧ģЩվСͷռķ֮һҪ֧ǰ뾫Ͱ뾫оǰ뾫ͶɭĻ
ҲǴӦҪϵġ
ȻΪ̵سǵó漣̻Ȼ
û뵽òϴλãôû̵Ҫʮ뾫飬޴ѹϵǳͷˡ
֪Ѷ˰
뾫Ҳ̫Сˣ
΢˵ھȥ䷢ҵĵһڼ䣬ȫ½˰Ӫҵ˰ȫ⡣
˰˿ɴ۾ԶһۣѾˣ㻹ӿ𣿡
ո˵һ׼·һѾ··ϣһҧЩ˰ʲôãȰסԺеǰ취׬ǮڲԻᲹϡм˵ѿԪʯôֲǳ𣡡
㡭˿֪챳򵥣˺ɣȻôһʾ޿ﲻԳָ߿֣ãûͺá
첻̵سɭʲô䶯һô䲼ȥˡ
Ҷ԰뾫оҷǳȤߣȥ
ڶȥ˽˽뾫Ͼ뾫ɭкĸ߼֪ʶˣ⵹Ǻ漣̻кܸߵ϶ȡ
̵سꡣ
뾫ʵҲꡣ
ĹԱȵģ۽ȥʲôһĵط


420 о
һһ
̵سһƬ䶯
ѻֱһ룬κһж飬ο̵سǱͷǳֶϵõĸ˰룬Ҫʲôάȥ
æҳ
ûԼΪ⣬ţ˵Ŀ÷ŵøԶһ㣬̵س˿Ѿˣ㸳˰ﰡѳдɻɭһ˰УȰ˵Ƿģ뾫鸣ͳ濪֧ҾҲһԪʯٲǵġ
ɵǮࡢƴ֡
ð뾫Ƕеˡ
ѵ౳ôôʽ©Ȼ治ɫأܰô©ϣҲˣ
ĵŵˡ
뾫ȻɣȴҲûʲô취
ʱ򡣡˵׼ι۰뾫оغͳеĽ裬֪ܷ𣿡
Щչʾ
Ǵˣе㲻ôأ
˺ͼ뾫鳤ӣȻû⣬ɡ
뾫оһֱǻܣͬʱҲƬصĵط֮һܽŸųߣ˵ҲǸ۽Ļᡣ
뾫һһ˵뾫о̵سͬһʱ俪ʼģŷǳƾõʷҲɭƵоء
һɽ̵ǰ뾫оصڣһֱͨɽһ̨еͳǰˡ͵˿վ̿ʼ³ȥܶ͸ľʯ۹ⴰ½ʱظܵԼڲͬҲﴩߡ

Լ½ס
һ͵ص縡ǰ
˿Լҧ˲ʧˣ°۾ɵôģ̵س·ôһĵ¿նֱǷ˼ġ
뾫˵ɭֵʽṹǳ⣬оɭָصĵʣʱͷǳȵط֣ʵɭֵĵ൱ĿնṹЩصסдħھ֮İЩطףпԶźʱܡ
̵س治Ҳжħ֮İɣ
ܲûУĿǰΪֹǻûз֡
ҪִĿĵأӸߴȥʱܼһһİ뾫Ĳֿ⡣һֱ棬Ȼгͣڣÿһгβ͵ĳͷʮʮȵĳμװ䡣
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عֹһ
ԶԶʱԶмع˸ŵƹ⣬Щع֮䶼׵İصԨعǺڰеһм䶼ø³ӡ
羡ȴûҲûţʵϳ˵ع⣬˷ұϣȫľʯиֲַ
˿һ귢ľֱʮףһ޴ݰΧһƬĿռ䣬ˮ˳ʯ϶бһ峺ٲ׹׵ĵԨ
һЩ桢֮ұϻţյĿռȻԳһ̬ϵͳ˲òп档
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޵׵Ԩ˼
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ǸӶּ޹̣һ˿»ɲˣ˿Կ˵Щгôأ
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аͷǳĹǳ֮޸ģܹ˵ͬ顣а۶ǳԹرĿʯˣֿʯԳ켫паȥջҲ˵


422 ֮
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ҵǣԪƺûȤ׷ϣǵʯƶٶȣ˾ٿҲӳȥ


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龳Ҳǰк׶ΣһصΪ飬صΪ飬صΪ顣
һصĵʿԲġڤ׻𽣡дɾġǹⲻ塷ʵͨͬʿܹģΪڵĵֻн˶ѣǿɾʹشˡ
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ЩĶǼƪγɵĹȡΪǹǼսһĹܹǹⲻศɹͬߵıԴһġ
ܲȫ塷ٶȺ͹ϵĲ֮ȻԳԺļֵʮޣӨӨСǣܴսϵȱˣǴСûʲôս츳Ԫ꣬Ҳӵв׵ս
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426 
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ںʬ꣬аȴܿаħʬĹǧʬСҲֱӽʹݽ߶ǧʬ֮µʵǿ٣Сոճʱ;߱ǧʬھüγɳʵӦøǿŶԡ
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429 
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նֱӴ龶ֱǰ壬ʯʳʬΧȴԳ˵ûκ塣ʮ˸Ӱڳ챳ٶ˿ȳʮ˾Ѫʬ嶼ԣʮ˾߽ͩɵİɫͭ
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һǲ飬ǷǳοΧдʳʬʯѪʬܹأ
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֮ѪƵսܣС


431 
Сɽӵ̬סǿӣҲʿԴż֮Уôޱǿ󾫴Ǿּǿߣ򲻿ƾİ
ССﵽôģ
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ֲĳûʹʲôϸı䣬ֻԴͲмһЦʬٴȥˡ

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ʱƿˮʱ˶壬ͻȻòһڸ֮£ڿڻһһĸѪֱԽԽ
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432 ³֧Ԯ
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оһǿҵԹӴͷųӱѵرӿ治ѿƺʲôһѾ޴ޱȵĻɫ棬һޱӴ˶ޱȵצӡ
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434 ռ̳
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ʱ˿̣Ѿɳ졣


435 漣֮
Ϊϡ֮һ
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ʱ
Ϲյȫһ˻һ޴㣬Ȼڵļ̳׹䡣
ˣ
ˣ
ͺձһ󶴣Һɫٲ£׼ͼһ̵سǻʱ˿ȫһջˣȫڼ̳ΧһƬɫ
ܣ
˼ɫ˷ӿʱһֳѾǰæˣǱ֮ûĻ̼˷׷׼ٵ˳
ͷȥʱ
һƬװɫҺĴ룬һжѾûʧˣˮ֪浽׷ʲô
ʱɫһͷҺɫˮɵ߸ߵĴ˶ڿնԩϢſ˶ޱȵͣΧ׷׿پ£ֻ̼γһֱɴĺɫ
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ѷǰһ
ɫһͷʵ»ʿѶԸˣҿΣգ
ѾйԸ̵سǵ̵سѾȫȫͷµڣ̵سǿҲ԰հɣ뾫ǰ֮ûʿأֹ»ʧذɣ
ƺֻга취ԸЩ
ˣɵ̵سһվԱ⡣
˺Ͱ뾫ֱҲòһʵһֱ࣬һֱ̫Ըܵ࣬Ȼһ̵ֻسǴҪ
Ϊ̵سΨһϣ
˫һģúڶ룬֮ռ𵴣ƾ춯أʮֵĺš
ʱһѺɫ޽һ룬ɫѸٳм£γһޱӴӰһصʮħоֻ۾ǽյģֻһֻҺɫ۾
Ӵޱȣ˫ֳһѺɫľ޽һڤս
ʲô
鷢չزһжѾ
ܹоħǿʵǳ֮ûɵģڵôģҲǧĲѧǻۣҲû˵˿ֲǿĹ
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ǻ۵Ҳ֪˹ħű䡷
ħ񷢳ͳŭ𣬾޽ؾΧɫϢȫоջһɳڶĻ档
޷ά״̬̫á
˼һʤ
̻ľٴηûͿֱһһֻڤĺڷˣֱȼһɾ춯صĳ
ħȻ޴󽣹⣬صںڷϣμɳüʮﷶΧһСķ籩
ƿ
ħ֮޾߻֮£˲䱬˵Ӻɫͷһ·нյдβնʱħ޽ҲѾ˼޶ѱը
챻ˤڵϡ
˿ⶼǴˣ۾͸֧ûʮǻˡν룬ʧȥжɢǾƴɢܣƬֲΧﵽʮ
ȫɢ
һмʱָƽ
ˣˣ
ⳡŴսĿ߾þ޷عСɨβԼСʱ̵سǴϹǿǽһƬʱĿɿڴ
һıòս
ּսʿ
ڶó챻̧ˣȻ÷ǳ󣬵ǳʶȻûж˵ʲôϻֻǶԿ˷Ը̵˷أﲻ׼κ˽롣
˶Գٲκӣˣ
ͻص̵سûжãӢսͱ̵سǵ˶֪ˡ
һ˵̵سǣ̵ؽ̺Ͱ뾫ľˣ̵سɾ޴죬ôһо˳ˣ
졣
̵ؽ̻İ뾫鳤ϻȫǷ棬ʽΪ̵سǵΨһ̵س£ȫҪӳĺ
ȻۣȻٱʣԸԳϳı
ĵһǡ
Ϊ̵سӭһȫ¿ʼҲΪʽΪ̵سǲٽ̵سǣҪı䣬ӽ쿪ʼɭ̵ֵسǽԶΪȥбΪ漣ǣ漣֮ǣ
һλڻɭĳУȻ׿Խĵλãȴһֱ̫۵ĳУҲ̫ǿĳС
漣Ȼһ̯ӡ
һȴȻɱؽʷ֮У


436 
漣̯̫֮ࡣ
˵ڲѾʱ⣬ⲿвȻʮϾ
ɴΧδ⣬ϷɭȾд漣ǵǳ⣬ʱ˿̹ĹϵΧĦ⣬ּϸͳߣ¶辭ĥϣڶƵʱڣûܹ⣬漣ǻʧȥԴ
˿첡ǰ㱨һСʱû˵ꡣ
ˣˣ˵ˣֱ壬˵ԴָȻڽΪ״̬ԻҰʰЩ̯ӣ㲻ȫ㱨أ
˿һ
ôģ
̶Գ칰˵ϣطһĵص׿ռ䣬ԶĺǣεΪʲôôǿڻûа취֪Ϊ滷̫գ첿Ҳð
°ͳ˼
뵽һԣʱûȷ
ȱˣʱȥ̽һ̽
һɫʯ߹ʰźʱͷ﷢ǡǷӦý٣
ΪԿСԼӡҲΪôĹϵŻû󱻻
ˮӹһǧĻ𣬵ǱȽٵ̫ϧˣá
˵ҲǴԡ
ڻ棬ǻļ˼Ҳǻ𲨶ģ˶˵Ҫһ֣κһλԲҪΩǱزٵġ
ĻһˣʶӦѾȫɢʧܴһֲܴ˵飬Ȼɥʧ˼ǳܸһЩȷĴ̼ŻȻа취ȼת
ЩҪ
ʳ⣺Ҫ飬ôˣ
ȻռԾʯǳǰ뾫һЩ棬ѾճṩͼֽͷɹԥһʣռԲϺ麱ʹõĵطҲ̫࣬ǲ֪ΪʲôҪֵ
ռԲõĵط̫ࡣ
ҪǴװϡ
ʱԿռо̫ˣ˿ռԲȻǼֵ䰺һϡвϡǰһͼֽÿ˴Ű뾫ȥͼֽϻƵĶһξõԭ̵سǿռϣð뾫еǳʹ
Ҫ˵Ѿˣãߣʹȥ
漣һСɽȣһ׸߼Աһ޴Բ̣ǶŴռԾʯ档ϸһ飬ȷûʲô©Ű֮Сȡ
֮۱ϸĥڽԭ֮С
֮۱ĲλṹӣһѸԲ̣˲ͰֵĶˣӼųһǻԣһռϢΧ
뾫΢΢㶡
ռ׽֮һȴܽһȶķʽг
ӦþͿˣ
ͳͨѶͨµСǱߵȻѾȴʱҲϻֱӾ˵ڿԹˡ
ҶͨѶͷһ˺ơ
Ҷ֪ٸʲôӦòû飬˺͵˿ۼ֮۰ýǻǵó֮ǺεȵӣҲ˵Ųһ
ʱ
Ȼ⡣
ռ侧ʯ׷
˾ôĳ֮£Ȼ΢΢һĿ⻮Ա߿տյԲ֮ϣһӳִӰ
죡
âûʧһϲּһ޹ǵ˻һӵ
ӨӨ˭
˳ưӨӨôûƭɣ
ĺ氡ӨӨ΢΢һ죬̴ѳôģڰµС򣬽һ򿪾ᣬȻһ¾͵
ǴЧˡԼƷ˵漣ӵд½ϵһĺǣκν䣬ֻҪռ䴫ͼ˲漣ǣÿռֿⷢǵľᣬʵ֮ƬͿռ侧ʯĩģ¼漣ǴĿռܹ꣬һμ崫ͣ
α͹ĲӨӨ
衢Ϲơꡢޱޱ漣̻ҪԱȫѾˡ
С㡢ޱޱϹþòַּССԨף¶¶Ҳǿ̫ˣ
С¶¶һЩ
ʱ˿Ҳ֮ɫ
衢Ϲơ꣬⼸˶ûзӦζ벻ͨΪʲôǰһ̻ڰµСǣȻһգ۹ܵ漣ˣֹ֮ңȻһգ۹Խֱ漣һ㣡
Ծޱޱ
ޱޱǿռ츳ӵߣһ˲ƾҲᳬΪԽԶռԽû˵ϣ˭һԿԽĿռġ
֪кܶʣڻʱҸǽһ¡תľͷ㲻ļһ˵λǰ뾫ϿˣλǺ˾˿λǡ
һᣬһᣬôλǣ
λָ߹òǻһС漣̻ḱ᳤ڼ漣ǵĸָԱ߽Сޱޱ˵λС͸ͷˣɭ־СŮޱޱڿʼҲ漣ǵĸ
裬ޱޱǾָɵλ
˲֪˭ޱޱȴжţǾ츳СŮʱ÷ǳ֣ΪʲôֱСŮȴһСҪְλ
ޱޱĿǰ̫ǿǺôöɣοǾСŮޱޱڳĻ붯õܷܵԾı
Ȼ
ڿѾˡ
ʶһϵֶ֮󣬰뾫ȥǳᣬʵޱȲѧûκС֮ģԾʶ˵ǻҲгֵˡ
ﲻ˵ǵȥ
˼ȻҪһʱĥϣȻѾΪʵĳǰ뾫Ȼ漣ǵҪںܳһʱҪʹð뾫ԴЩбҪúýˡ
룬Ҫð뾫֪漣̻ᵽʲô
ۣϴ󣬲ǰɣϹʨһ߷һߺǵĳҲ̫ˣҴûмĳУԼʮˡ
ӨӨ漣ǵľɫҲеǳ𺳡
˵ȻϢǲĳоΧȺɽȻĳǽϣڲռޱƽԭϿȣɽкʵһ鲻ɶõıء
̫ˣ
ֻ̫ˡ
ɢֲһЩǱ;۾ӵأҶΪֻһȺɽƵԴ˭뵽ﾹһأ
ķǳ漣̻ᷢչһ࣬һӵʽĵ̣


437 
һ߼ŻڳٿҪλ漣̻߲㡢ԭ̵سǵĸ߲㣬Ϊα䶯뾫󲿷ֲڵҪְӳ񡢾µȵְλȫҪһδѪ
λҪ֣ʸ߹࣬ڽСʱʱֳÿ뾫鶼Ŀ࿴
ǿѧϰѾնʮԣȫһڷǳľ֮뾫齻Դ̸ֳ֮ĲŻҲȻͨѧܹ߱ģð뾫ǹĿ࿴ˡ
Ȼ
ⶼûʲô
صʽ漣̻ᣬ˼·߼ǳǹͷССƷϸ˵һ飬ԪءԪϸϸ½ܣοǿռֿ似ӰͨѶڷչеľ⼼
뾫鲻ǹŰľ壬̽ǿһȺϲеļһ뾫鶼ѧԾӡ漣̻һϵΰġ˵ķÿһذըըð뾫컺
ʲôŽо
ʲôŽз
뾫ɭһĵоأúüʱУȲϳһʱŵİٷ֮һʵȻð뾫ȴҲǸеޱܡ
Ȼ漣̻ûǿʵ
漣̻߱ǿޱǱ
һԵ̻ᣬƾͿռֿ⣬ڿռƼĶǾΪ漣֮Ǵ޵Ŀˡ
ɭִ۸ӻжգ˵ˣΪˣȻɭӵǳḻԴȴһֱʮƶ״̬С
ǴͿռֿܹռ䣬䣬ǽɶôͷ㰡ǴпΪģ
οԪļ
ڲԶֲʵ⡣
ҼƻźͰ뾫оغϲ˵ɰ뾫Ÿ߲㹲ͬ쵼ߣ֪λΣ
뾫鶼û
æʣܼЩ˼зУ
΢Цŵͷ뾫ѧڴ½ʢǼŵĸĿŵĳɹ϶ǰǿ
ãã
̫ˣ
뾫鼤ѲȫƱͨԸˣֺԶ漣̻аһõɭо豸о˲ţԭ̵سеԴֱװûʲô
̵سǣǻø뾫оصķã漣̻ӹܾȫһˡ
ⴿͶʸԼ
ÿ¼ԪʯҲûʲôˣ
û뵽ô˳뾫ûи岻ͬĲɣŵ壬˿̱ȻҪۣιϷоɹ֮ģ뾫ȴûֻⷽ˵˼̫ˡ
½һ̰岻࣬ҲΪʲô뾫ڴ壬ȫϲӴ
ڸýܶѾˣ֮Ӧ˻˽⡣ӿʼû˵ĳ죬ʱ˿ȴվǸúúһ£ʰǰ̯ˡ
漣֮Ҫм㡣
һϡ漣֮˿ڵǰд󲿷ֶԭס뾫飬û⡢ҲûھḻԴг
ڶţ漣֮ڳ֮ǰѾ벻ھδģңٷϴˣǮ֮ʡ漣̻׼Ԫʯһʱֹʣòʱͻ⡣
ʵ漣֮ʵ̫̫ˣһֻȻͲ߸һɭ֮ǣ˵ȥֱܰЦҪ֪Ǵﵽɭֳм𣬼ǿӺڰɭַĴ漣̫֮ˣһʿضûС
ģ⽻漣֮Ǳɭ֣ǴҶ֪ɭ̫գָʲôָϵڱȻɭƻȻֹ졣ͨˣľͷ
ССȻ١
ЩڶҪһ֡
Ȼʵ̵سǵĳȻû˯ðȣ֮ǽЩ鷳Ҫƻ漣֮ǵ˿ںʵڲʵξбˡ
漣֮ڲ̻ᡢ³̻ܹ
³ȴ漣ǣڻһϵƣֻҪǿ֧ܽձΪá³е鷳ˣȻ³ʵǿǵ³̫ѱ֮޷ġ
³Ѿʶȴ֪ҲԳʮֻҪҵһʳ߶ȣδܸǽϵ
֧϶ҪǽԶԶ
漣̻˿ں;
ͬʱĿϣ岿䣬ţͷֲȵȣ廷漣ǶЩʵҲӰͳΡ
һս
漣֮ǹϵҲ׽١
ֹϵάֶأǰϹǣ鲻ûݣ
ϲ漣ɲΪ㣬ҪԭһǼְɭǿģгеط;̶ӳûЩʵ̶ȻǴѲѡ
˵һֱ漣ǱùϵҲֹڸңվ漣̻һ
ǣ
ⲻ̫ʵҲɱꡣ
ȫ£
ǸܵģЩһҲ̫ߣһǶ»ֵ漣Թοһò˶ãطǨֻγһ
ôأ
ϸһð취
ڶ졣
ɭϢʹ
漣Ǵ
ÿľսʿ԰סоãʮֲƣ䲿ܵõ漣ʳܰΪ廻ȡ漣Ǿס
Ϣĺ䶯Ϊһ֣δʳȱȻǴ⣬漣ǺóԺúȹţǲܱȵģοл٣⣬Ϊȡܻȡ˺漣ǵþסȨ
°
漣֮ǷųϢ
һƻļˣ
꣬սʿǷѡۣ漣Ƕɣ
漣̻䣬׼ɭﵽʼ
漣̻ᴴδ
һ
㻹ͷ
Ǯ
ĸ
ڲμ漣ǴɣֻҪͨѡξܳΪһλٵ漣ʿ漣֮ǲ԰סѵװһϵ벻ĸʩûκκ֮ǣ
ɭֶʱ䶯ˡ
ȥ
οʱڣ
ȥҲǺ°ҪԴ絤ҩҩˮжɱڲö࣬ο漣ǹճһδȥпܳͷصģ
Ȼ䡣
ɭһɵ
˵ȫųֱˣȿֺ𼱻ܵ漣ǣΪһչ֡
漣֮ˡ
ԺÿÿУΧΧԶĵطҲսͣͬʱڱó졢ɼ֮࣬Ҳǿμӵġ
ⲻ֤漣̻δ㹻ıԴ
ƾմüҵλδӺüʮҵλ
ԴƸҲܴٽΧŽᣬ漣̻˿ڷչ
ȻȱҲԣһС֧
漣̻᲻ҪԹȷãҪʿṩԴƽһʿÿһƷԪʯô򲿶ӼҲƷԪʯˡ
ⶼ׷ϰ뾫оصľˡ
˻󲿷ɭֳԳܣʽΪɭҵǵĳǷͳƽʱӣÿ鷳ȫԱ
漣ǵһѾ˲ҵ滯ְҵĳУ


438 ⾺
漣֮ǵݱչţͷ֡ʳħǵؾ粼֣ȫܵ漣֮һչ֣˭漣֮ǵĴ̫źڽǱڼ䣬Լǰμӣʽѡν֮ʼֻµʱΪ
漣̻Ѿʼóء
˿Ϊּ漣֮ǵϯ٣Ѿ˽漣֮ǲ״Ȼ漣̻ỹǮǰĻ²¾ͻģʱ򲻽漣̻ʧأλγĹҲµɣ

ֱҪˣ
˿Ͻȥҳ죬һ칫ӰûмţֻͷĶļ
ҳ̧ͷ˿治ɣӨӨϹޱޱȥأΪ׼Ǽ춼ˡ
˿ƣֱȥ
𼱣ºȱɣҲûõģﳣ񶼹ҹܡ΢΢һЦ˦ƹҲ֪ø˻Ǹƣ֪ڵʲôİɣġ
ôֹһŮ
˿ʱЩơ
ӨӨһֵôԣһǳǵˣԶԵ˿ǱȽġϹӨӨǸʵɣôһƽʱҲϲ١
ģǲ˽⣬лҲ⡣˿һ裺Ҳô߹ģܿͻ֣ᷢЩǶûбҪģ漣̻飬ԶԶ󡣳Ǽһ￴ٲʵܶʱĵġ
лл˿ϼһЦݣһ̲裺ҾǾֵãر̫ɱˣִ߻漣֮Ӿ޴󸺵
Ҳ̫Сˡ
¶һԡΣա
λǰŮ˿޷˵ĺƽ棬Ȼ沨ʵˮúܰ
çײˡ
źʹܸȾߵˡ
ҪĻһ֧⼸˲ǲӣǺüͶ漣̻Ҳ֪ģƾռֿʹǿκһУκһңκһ彨ó׹ϵǿԿκһطԴҲκһطչóףӳԶĽǶļʲôأ
˿΢΢һ㶡
漣̻ûи뾫龡һɿ壬վͬ塣עͳθвһǻûû㹻ԿպͻԽһ֧ǱҲǱҪġǳԶǶǱһ漣ǣҪӵ߸е˵أ
˿еôϡ
ҸպҪ㽻֪Ѿ㵣γϯ٣׼һ񲿣Ժܹܡƺ׼˵ʲôϣͲŸɵˣȫ벿ţ齨̶ӣǺˣһá
˿վ
Ժ˵һ°
ҶԽǮʮ漣ʹþ̶ӣҲϺøڵˣִܴл档
ã˿붼û˵̾ȥ죡
ͧźѾǸҸǵĵһǽͨѶ㲥ӰԺƹȥȡǸкʹС䣬ⲻкܸߵҵֵΪǿ漣̻ӰΪԺսԴ»
Щž޴ֵȴھ
˿᲻֪漣̻Ѿʼ漣תƣռֿ⽫һͨѶʹŻ͹ڴڻ漣Укüʮ̶֮࣬ҪǰѶȥ
ЩҪ
һóȥͱˣ
񲢲ǰЩƷ⣬δļֵⲻֱӼֵгԶļֵ˵㲥һװĳȥ漣̨̻ʱʱ̱̿漣̻κ򹫸涼ٶȴɭ֣
˵㲻ù̫࣬һоգ漣ǻŲԶ漣һΪǿĳС
˿ԴҲǺĵġ
еĹߣ漣̻ر̻֯

֮׼ϣʽʼ
ȺĦȭƵɭʿִһ;ǰ漣̻һǱʱĽɣھͽΪɸѡĵص㡣
漣ֺ֮üڣһΪ򵥣ƴñѡ߲μӱԲ¼ȡ
ɭʿֹ
Կⲻ֣ʱĿռδ̫С˰ɣô˲μӱԣ²ð칦ˡ
һ޴Ļ
һ췢ŮӳĻ֮ϡ
λɭֵʿл漣̻֧֣漣̻ȾҪʼˣǺˣķǳˣΪǻǵһ⾺ˣ
⾺
ʲô⾺
Ǹ췢Ůӽ⾺漣̻þһֲƷôھģռսǵܹȫʵɹĵطڣ⾺Ҳÿʿܺ޹˼չʾƽѧ
ɭʿɫˡ
þɵľô
ֻ֮£Ȼ˲Ѫˡ
⣬Ҹ͸¶һڲϢϹһĵϢ漣̻ƻڻɭֽй㷺⾺δд񽱽ĸ£⾺Ϊ漣ǣɭܻӭĿ֮һδ֮Ϻͬˣܲμӵ漣ٰ̻۷£ӶṩְҵλĿԴɣ
Ƕʱ䶯
Ҳ̫ˣ
ʱûʲôĿ⾺ҪǴƹ㣬дۿϯӴӰֱôȻΪһִĿһʱǷǳгģǵܴͬʵְҵߣܴĲ֮฽ҵķ١
ŶӽҪңӹԱָӡ
ɭʿ²߽⾺ͨûʲôֳܹɺü޴ÿмǳأΧǲ㻷Ƶο̨Ҷһ⡣
Ƕһ޴ʯ
ɢžʯΪģһǳ޴Ԫأǽڽ䣬һ˶ÿ˶ܸоŵɢ
á
⾺Ҫ
ҷɣҪܣȫ޺ġ
ǧ֮սâԪŶ޴ľԾʯӣһ˲䣬ͷţ˲Ԫŵÿˡ
ɭʿʶ΢΢һ㱡
ɭʿιʱʮ־ȵط֣ԼһȫµطΧͬһû٣ȫת˹
һֺľǰ
Ǹոʮֹҽ̻ԻʮֻȺǶʱ۽硣
̫˼ˣ
漣ֵˣ
²ξɹܼʶֳҲУ


439 
죬˵˵ӨӨھϢϸİŶȣ²ŶӵȴɭǽҺü鲥սĴӰһϲԺ˵ǵ⾺ô
ӨӨϻɵһĳɹ
ܽһȫ޺ľռ䣬ڻþбʵһģһ⾺սǲܻʵ˺ġ
ҪǣӨӨɰѾʵֱ
Ϊ⾺ͨԪ;ʯþþֶͨξܴʵٵŻͨӰųôһʵҲܿ⾺սˡ
δ֮Ϻ˶⾺ڽбԡ
սȲʹ½ԹҲΪսϵɾƻЩ׷ѧֱܹ֮ӹĦǿ߾ͨҲֱֺޱľս
Ʊػݱһ׷ĳ൱ҵǰ
δ⾺𱬺ȡһãҲԴ׬׬ˡ
ϹƸ쿪󿪶ĳ˰£Ҫ⾺һĻϹƱһܺöˣ⾺˵ֱһѵг󲻹ܶԺöӡնͽͨ˵⾺йг
ԴҲʾ֧֡
һˮˣҸ㣬ҳʮȱ
ܣӨӨĿԲɣе飺㡭㵹˵˵
һڲ˵Ѿע⵽ˣ⾺ʱʵ֮һʵ翴ĸֱ涼ˣŲһ룡˵Ķ𣿡
ӨӨĳʲôһѪأû뵽Ҳǳŵ˵ӵԴǸûһˣҵͷԶ
ӴѾͷȻҽѵˡ
̫ûдƨɣԽԽˡ
ط˵Ҳ˼˵죿
ӨӨ˵ҪƱ׬Ǯģ涼ֱͬ˭ƱܵȥҾʱھٰʡʱɶǮѽǸоȻʱ䣬Եʵļʮ֮һ±Ҫǿ˲ӦǾϵĳ֣֮ͨ˶֮ܳܶһʱ٣ΪӦڣǲô趨ģ
ϴҲҪ˵ˣôһ㶼ѽϹҲˣҺӨӨôãѾʼ֮ˡ
û뵽һӢԸȻᱻӨӨִѾͷǺƿԣϹҳϵĳߺСܶˣһ۵㣡
ȿȣֻǿǣ뿴ǲЧڿǻʵ֧
УˣͲҪ˵ˡӨӨòϷŪһѣŲ뱻ȥأ˵漣ǲ׬ǮٶҲ죬ǲǸðæͷһأ
㵹ǻģ˵˵ô
ǿ
ӨӨ̴յֹףȻ׬Ǯַܶ࣬ʽһ˼ء
ǰμ漣ɭӴ
Ϊ漣ڼ䣬Χȫš
ɭ㱧̬ȶûμӣҲǷǳעģܵ漣մ֡ĳ߹עȣһɭ̻кܺõƶá
һЩɭ͸߲㣬ΪξȻҪʱȴÿ춼˵⾺棬ģ޲Ҳȥ֡
ǳź
ڲš
Щ˲ܱξ˾ֻǿźģÿ춼ĵʱ漣ַųһϢ
漣ھ֮
ֿһ
ܹͬΪʮؿÿؿѶȼս漣̻üƷ˵˭ҪͻƵأôͽƷԪʯһٿ飬˭ҪͻƵڰ˹أôͽƷԪʯһǧ飬˭ҪͻƵʮأƷԪʯһ飡
Ԫʯ֮⡣
ÿؿ
ȫ漣̻Ʒ벻ϲԲݴ
ȻѿţÿսԪʯսãҪ߱龳Ϊ߱սʸֱΪЩɭǿ׼İ
Щͱ漣ǾèӣֳһôܴأԪʯôЩǿ߾ǻԪʯ
ϢոշųСʱ
߰˸ʮָϵ
ţͷŵ¾Уոһͼô棿ңҪ׬һԪʯȥ
ŵ£ӣ׬һԪʯ
ɣ
Щ֮ԻΪ漣Ǵǳȷ˵ĿǰʮؿУֵĹħ޶ǿֻҪҶԷһص˶ȫͨأЩԳ¹˵ô᲻Ķذ
ʮȫͨ׬һԪʯ
ջʵ̫ˣ
ӨӨվſڣǳòԴ˵λ𾴵ʿΪУԿռ仹̫ÿʮˣҪսʿȽɷá
ŵͳԪʯǮӨӨǿŴŭǵƣһɹģ
ŵ½̳һþ֮С
һģ̫ĵãԼӣּ߳УȺĻڵˣЩĻϢǿ󣬲ӡ
ŵ¹һЦֻɫԸӣ
ǮҲ̫׬һɣ
ŵ޴ӣڸϣ˲ͰĻʵ飬ŵڶֻֻֻȻĻǳ࣬Щﲢǿ󣬰ŵʮӰͳͳˡ
ŵΪҪͨʱȻȵط֣Ļ¾ۼһֻٵȫָˡ
ʲô
ŵµɴۣͭΪʲôţͷü飬;ȥ񱩺ֱײֽĻ˸⡣
Ƭٴξۼ
Ļȫָ
ģѵˣֱ֣ôͨ
ŵµΰĻɱʱоԼѾķѲ࣬оǣЩĻ¾ۼ°ŵûɱˡŵ³۲֮ڷèڡ
ʯ񶼾ĳ󷨼ӳ֣ʹĻ귴ĸŵһʼ취ѵͳͳôĻˡ
ɶ񰡣
ôôأ
ôԶ׼Ļضû֣
ŵʵûĻ˹˲˺ƬŵҲصС
ոսȥӾͳˣ
ͬʱΪʮ֮һŵʵѾȹʮˡϹЦЦ߹ŵһضûֻܻðοŶװ2ͷ
˵ꡣ
һ뾫̧ˮͰͷ͵ǰ

ŵ£Ȼһضû
Щ˶ʱ޼ɵЦŵţʱǵͨ죬ŭģǴˣҪһΣ
ŵٴνռ䡣
ʮ밢ŵ¾Ƴˡ
ŵţ鴤ü£ģԭäĿݻ٣ĳֹɣ밴˳ơ
ţͷȻ伱ˣһδνռ䣬ûֵ˳˷֮£ʮõʮƷԪʯ
ҾѾҵˣŵ¼شŴȻʮԪʯ˲Ѵˣһ㶼ۣҴ޴ȤҵԪʯȫˣ˭Ҽãһܹأһûģ
ӨӨϹԱǮ
ռûоÿξʮ˽ȥսʱż飬Ӿܸ㶨һ֡Щʿ಻Ծ漸СʱҲۡ
ӨӨ͵͵ø첲ԱߵϹƣ׬˶ˣ
꣬С㣡Ϲƹ˼۾ŵʮ飬ʮ˿飬³ʿʮĿ졭ܹ˰ɣ
ӨӨֵЦ
Ҳʵ̫׬ˣ
ڸոհСʱ滹кܶŶأѾԽԽˣӨӨ滹ְ뾫ǵ³ӰЩ˿Ǻǰսġ
ҪӪһǵԪʯ
ЩϰҲ룬ôƵģҳһƫƫǳƻ簢ŵһȻÿζʧܣǵȴƫƫһŵԲϽгԡ
׬һԪʯȥΣ
һؾͳڿ㶼Źأ


440 ڶ
ӨӨϹƵ⣬ҵУ̫һĵطڣΣԲߣ˲Ŀվڡ
ҲԱ飬Ϊ۶ô걸ıմʩ޷ȫʵʵڵսܵˡ
漣֮ǵͲһ⾫þǰٷְ޺ģοɱ漣̻ܴĴӶһȫսȫֵĴϷǿߵֳҲˡ
ʱ˵һֻҪսҶȷһͨȫؿ´ˡǣ첼õĹؿͨô
ܹʮء
һʮ
սÿսᴥһ֣ڰŵڣʮս߾սڲȫһڶսĻֱֻ仯
ŵ֪Ϸ֮󣬸ӼҪһأ˴ԪʯսΡȫĳԶԹһ飬ڰŵҵΨһȷ˼·
ŵһ
̰ռʮʧܽѵܽ飬ȷ˳ΰʯһһ飬ٰѴȺĻͳͳɵˡ
βϡ
Ļû¸
һ˳ɹͨ
ɹˣ
ҳɹˣ
ŵϲŴǰֹţ֪ͨڶصͨ
ŵڶء
һֵĻΧһƬޣ֮У˫ŵǲںɫϣȻŹâȴʲô
ʲôս
ŵ·ǳʱǰһɫˮͶһʯӣ̷𵭵ز⣬һȦȦɢŵ²֪ô£Ѿᵽһ˿ͬѰϢܺһЩ
ǸڲϷƵģͻȻһˮĵܣֻһŲϱ仯Һ壬Ѹٵ̣ųָǣγһ󣬵ŵ¿ԷʱĴһ
⡭
ⲻԼô
һŵµһģһľˡ
ŵ·ǳԲͨΪӶԷ۾ֻܸо䣬Ǿ侲κһ˿Ŀ⡣
ŵ¶ʱ⣬ؾǴԼ
е˼
ŵ¸ɭָֽûиأû뵽طһԼԴĸо̵ͺͷų˲仯һȥ
ţͷõҰײ
ţͷǿͻԪֱײ߽Ȼֱֱȥ޻ںͼɵĹƻȴӹɵġ
ƺϵֹ̲ܿһâֱӾͰѰŵ¸ɨɳȥ
ŵ¾һ⡣
⾵񲻽ԼǷǳ̵˽Լʵ似˫ȫһģһġ֮Լ˽⣬Ȱŵ»£ܾԵ侲ҵŵµӶΪЧĹ
̫ˣ
ŵѾʶ̺⡣
ڶصĿսʤǿԼ
ζŲսͻƣǿ״̬ԼͲʤ㣬Ψڼлͻƣܴǰһܼޡʶҵľѻᣡ
ã
ܺã
ŵ˷־ԽԽӻͲˣѲԼ򲻹
գŵ뾵Σ˲䱻ץסһֱӰѰŵ룬ðŵڵڶֱʧ
ŵҲͲòˡ
֪ŵһи㣬Ҿǳ侲ŵ޷˷ȱݺͲ㣬ЩΪ
ô
ŵ»ǹһء
ѯʰŵµڶ
֪ڶҪԸľȻԼʱÿ϶ž֮̾ɫ
ϲŵӨӨ̫ûͨأпܻӰЩ˵ģڰŵ˳أҲͿ΢һͨһأһγ齱ᣬ̲齱ɣ
Ϲһĳ齱ת̡
˶չһ̽
ΪԼԼʶȻ˼Ѷȱиߣʮȫ̸ͨףһԪʯͿ²õõģ齱תʱָоһ
ת̷ֳʮԪʯУʮ飬ʮ飬һٿ鼸֣⻹кܶƷȻЩƷЩûмġ
ŵתԪ
תָ뿪ʼת
ŵһ˫ţ۵ɵ˶ﲻͣһԪʯһԪʯһԪʯܳһԪʯĻսͷǵ׬һ롣
ɭȻʵʮǿ󣬵Ϊ̬ԭʼûзչҵ;ģʽɭǳƶĹС壬ȫʢʱҲ̫ܲѾóһٿԪʯֵĽңΪɭĲ䣬ŵţͷֲǿ߶üʮΪҲˡ
һٿԪʯ԰ŵ˵СĿˡ
ǸתִָһٿԪʯ䣬ۿžҪֹͣʱͻȻƽŲһ㣬ֱһ
̾Ϣ
ŵô
鵽漣̻ԪڡӨӨȴǳȽǹϲŵˣ
ŵ΢΢һ㶣ɶڣʲôڣ
漣̻ýƷ̻ĸ߿ƼƷԪڵǳֲÿһԪҪ͵۹֣һԪʮԪʯҲڻ¡
ο漣̻ܵϺơ
Ԫڲһֱôߣûж۹νϡΪԪڻɭּ۸񣬿»÷üɣ
ŵǲӨӨû漣̻棺Ԫ漣̻ᷢԪ̺ԶǿһըСɽµΪʿһҲᱻ÷飡
ô
Ȼ½Ŀǰ漣̻ӵԪļӨӨ԰ŵ˵ԪĿǰǷƷŶŵֳһкܶ˶Ȥ
ϹѾԪ̧ڱȵոҪ¶࣬Ҳȵ΢Сһ㣬ȴǿÿ˶ܸоɢǸޱȵԪͼǰ˿ۻҡ
ڵô
ȻҪ⹺ġ
漣̻˻Ҳ
ԺҲ漣ҪԴ֮һ
ö
ŵ£ҳʮ飡
ǣҳʮ飡
ŵǲģҲˣţͷɽһڣȻǿţͷɽȵķ
ǱԽԽߡ
ŵĶˣһٶʮƷԪʯ۸һֵɭˡŵû뵽ǵûп𣬷һѾ׬أ׬һԪʯ
ⲻǽ⣬Ϻ氡
ŵսΨһһ˳صġ
̫ˣ˼һ˿ŵ½ԪʯװڴЦ˵ҽˣȥ˯һټ
Ϊʱٷǳ־þǳƣͣŵ±һСʱʵѾзսʮͷϲƣ͵ܲЧǰŵţͷҲЩƣ
ŵ¼˴ˡ
һסˡ
֪ڶҸǾèӡ
ʼնǳãһʱȥŶӵԽԽ࣬ʼվûпйϹƺӨӨǮյˡ


441 ̽ǿ
ӨӨϹ˸߲콻սһԪʯϸһܹǧٿƷԪʯ
װ׳ǰȻʮ𾪣˵ܶɭָ֣ȡ˳ɹҲ̫ˡ
һԵĲƲֵ漣̻ӵȫƲ۳ԪʯԼʮƷԪʯǰʽֱִֿҲƷԪʯӡ
漣̻ᴴһࡣ
ȫջˣ
Ȼͳ춼е㲻̫⣬κһ˵С֡ңСаңһʱ˳ɼҲǷǳֵý顣
һ̫ˡ
˺ϻｨһСȻһ׬漣ֽ̻ذٷ֮ʮľ޴룬Ҳ⾫ļӴҵǰֱֳһܹ׬Ǯĺö
ӨӨʮָп˵ûֳ֪Щ̫ƽʱҪǮȴһЩŶȴûŵļһﶼҾ;ˣôô
ɭḻ಻ȱԴﻷֺܷգûʲôƷܻǮĵط̫ࡣԪʯڻɭʱܵģǶԪʯӲ硣˵Ȼ̫ζҲҪϵò׳һܹǲֵĳȻ֪׬ѣɻǰͲסǰԡ
أϹ²˵ȥռӪɱȥǵĽƷ׬ǧʮˣȺݺһһʣ漣ǵĲΣ˵
ǵ÷ųߵ㣬רעЩǲģǻðȥҡҡͷ̫ªˣòʮ¾ͻᱻ壬ʱȻҲͽˣȻҪݺʹЩһҪõ
ӨӨʣô
򵥡ٺһЦһ󡢸桢Ȥ
δ졣
һǻȳĴһ
Щ˾̵ؼ˾׷ĽǰŶӣ˶һ۹ԣԸİ취ǱԹռ̫СŰӶ治һ
ǿŶʮַʱͻȻһ˿˵
٣֪ҵõСϢ
Ҫ˴һȫµݶƹȥʱһǧͬʱʼҲȫ´࣡
𣿡
ŵµ˶¶ϲ֮ɫһͬʱǧǴһҪŶ
һ˵ˣ
½ͬеսӺܶŶսǾܸһȥμƷҲøӷ񣡡
Ƕʱһ
ʲô
£
ֵսѾǳ˼ѵῪŶս۷׷ףΪӡ֤Ҳ룬һҹž޴Ļ漣ͧߡ
ɭϷɵĴһһĿɿڴˣ
һҿͧƮƮȥˣҿͧȴص㣬صݣ
Ҫսħ𣿡
Ҫսɽ𣿡
漣̻ԲսΣ۷սĿȤ
ͨȴͬʱĻҲʼָӰһұ鲼Ļɽ磬Ӿ޴Һлһ˶ӰǺȻһͷӴɫѿӿȼӿзŭ
ʱȻԶ
ɽȺִǧٹֵħһħ̾ء
ͻȻѪı֣ǻһȺӢµߴʳħˣţͷ֣ȫɭ壬һڹм䣬Ѥ似кݿһƬԾٶȺɨһƬ
Һеħ
䣡
ɽȺ緢

ĩհĳͻУħչգ
·ʿԿħһûκξ⣬;ڳս̬
սԽԽ߿·Ѿ߳ʿħսɲǣȴȻֹ
Щ˶ʱɵˣƬ̫Ѫˣĸʿǿ﷢ս˭볢һս޵ĸо
ֻʵһСû˻ȥҾȥһء
ؿһ޲ÿܵ໴У̳嵽һ
㻨ٶԪʯҲҪ԰һмĻ᣿οͧż۸ÿֻҪƷԪʯ
Ƕʱˡ
Ԫʯܸһ
ϻбˬô
Ψһźǣû޺ãǰЩ˾ֻСʱˡ⾫һз̾ȡ˺ܴĳɹӮЩɭʿǵϲѴԪʯעˮһӿ
ƻδһͼݣɭѧߡռʱٺھͼݽһ£ֱʵһꡣʱ뾫ѧ߻ɭָѧ߶ȿֺ
漣ȻԽԽʢ
ǿʼպţ漣ȼʵʳ֮󣬾ܷſչˡʱ죬ʼÿÿжܴ쾫ͼݡɭֶܱ漣ǽھͳǵ֡ѧϰ
ƻü콨áǰڱĽǱѾҪǰæˣ顣ϹȥŪһֹ붼Ҫء
Ҫôָʲô
ôʲôȻˣ
ϴ㶼˵Ǹ֣ǻ֮ô
˵ﱾæˣ֮ʮβ͵ˣ
Ϲȥˣûʧʮ뺷ɭǿߡЩ˾㲻ҲǸɭպĴߣƽʱһţ죬ڱһ仰ͽˡ
λæ֪ܷ񡭡
˵ˣһǵ飡
ԣ
ô࣬ǰʲô
쵹Ҳˣڼ뾫·Щ˳صסûô֣ΪľΪۣ֮
֮ǹĺġ
֮ƬҲ;Ҫϡ
֮۸лѳ첻Բ
ΪзչҪΪʵߣ춼ҪɱԪأеõ֮ۡԪض̫ΣգϻصĽѵ֮󣬳Ҳçײüʱ׼
Ԫؾʮûʲôǻۡ
ּһҲѲ졣
һܹκԪظ֪ķÿϴһţҪʹʱЧͻԪظ֪⣬컹׼רԪصնп֮ķ
׼
ļʮ֡
ЩԪʲôأ
Ԫͳͳɨ֮󣬷ǵܹչʮۣ֮֮ҲԿʼھˣδԶԶϲǲݺǳʯΪǿսʿ


442 ɱԪ
ž
׳СƿһԪ鿪ϢƮɢͣաʱһεΧǻԵԪ壬̾ͱ˹
Ԫ߽Ԫ׼Ϣʱ
ԪȻ俪ĳԪػȻ£ܵǳǿҵĸţй˸֮䣬ԪطӡĲγɣƬʯ׷ױԪȫԪصϡ
ԪûʵĴ̬壬̾ͿʼҺ̬̣ҲѸٱѹƣһű붳סĹӯƮݵ壬ڱжѡ
Ȼûʲôǻ۵ģǱܸо
ԪزҪ
ʱ죬һƣʮǿһ֣ұ֮󣬴سּӾ޿ӣԪѾɵ鿪ʱ̻ըߴȵǾɢ䵽ǣмһâ貵֮ۡ
ӨӨϹƿʼռظߴǾ˵ĴڴѾװùĹˣһ·ʮֻԪأջʮ˿ۣ֮ߴȵĴǾǲˡ
̱˳ԪѾɱĲˡ
źԪ̫ˣ
ÿ֮۶Դһ;ᣬԲǹⲻ壬ʮ˿³ȥŶڲ֮Ҳֻܽʮѡ
Ȼ
Ҳ֪ˡ
֮൱4ϡ
ⲻ4ϣ4зǳģһѨҵôֱ࣬˹ʺˡ
ھʣһֻˡĿ֮صĺ򣬡ټһѾͿչ
ҲǿһֻԪء
쾡ûоΧϢҲóеǳɵˣ˸ոɱԪʱ춼ƿʱע
һλá
һרſԪصԪЧĿãɱʮֻԪأ󷨾Ҫ׹ЩΣԪһ߽棬̾ͱѹסκη޷ֻ׸
ɢܣԪ֪ķԪѾѸ֪ǵĴˡ
׼
ʼ
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뷨ǲԵģʥҩͲҩ𣿡趼ռװһСƿӣοʥҩҲֵȼ4ϡʥҩΪ൱ºͣ˵4ʥҩٵͽʿҲȫܳܣɲδȥдá
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444 
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ֱ̬ϵı仯
³طڣɵħƣκһֹûа취ģ˵һԶҲ֡
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һʯ̨ϣȴ֪һάԪ³˾Աߡ
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뾫ѧУȴó׬Ǯ붼ǿôĸ˰ڵ˱ˣ漣̻᱾ҵ֯ټ˳ĸȻҪ漣֮Խλ÷ӳóˣ
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漣̻ᴫ;ô֧Ȼջһۣ֮ڻûü迴ǰѽʣᶼ˿Էʱص㱨
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˵ҺԸӡ
췢ͷе㲻ԣȶֶ飬ţ󣬴Сʱ䰡ôͳΪ˵ģõƴɰˡ


446 漣У
ƹƣԸȴҲ⣬ֵ
˿ĺ̶Ϊ漣֮ǿͨ·ѾȡóĳɹפС븽һЩ佻棬ɭֳǽϵ
׼һ漣̳ǡ˿뷨߳죺һƻͶڶʮСЧλ볬һٸչϵ漣ǲƷ۳ȥɭԴĹɭĳС
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漣̳̻һͰٻƽ̨һг漣̻Ʒȷۣͳһϼܣй淶ۣȫӪƽ̨ظʵ̻ĲƷӶḻ̳ǵ걸Ժ;
뷨ǳԶҲȷʵǳǱ
Ψһʧߵط漣̻ᷢչٶȣ
漣̻ϳĹܹʱ䲻һѡֱͷԪȵȳǿǱƷ漣̳ǲַչٶȸϲ̻ᷢչٶȣӪչģ漣̻ʼռȲĹԵñȽϼˡ
ɭֳе뷨͸ⲻ漣̻λýȣ漣̻᱾ҲѾˡ漣̻ռƼоѾȡúܴ漣̳ǽͷһʽΪɭƷС
ɭôԴôḻ
Ϊʲôɭ嶼úΪʲôɭǰأ
Ҫԭɭֻ̫ն񣬵׺·ٵķͽɭڰٷ֮ʮѭڰɭַ¶棬ɭ̶ÿνɭ־̶ǾһĶĲ
ЩìܾӰɭַչԭҲΪЩìܵĴڣ迴˾޴Ļᡣ
漣̳ܹıһ״
漣̳ǲϳǵĴʵ̳ǣһָ߼ʺϣ㡢ķʽڣѾ漣̻ͨѶӰ䣬似о𲽣ѾʵĿռ䡢˿Ƽ
˿һ˵׼ڶʮС￪̳ǣͨϴӰչʾƷҪƷֱ飬ÿ̳Ƕ漣ǽͨѶӣÿͻֱܹԶѯôһúܴ̣ҲܹƵĲƷ
ͷ
⻹ֹأͨ漣̨ڽе漣̨Щնγɹƹ㡣磬ǰ漣̳ƷƷƷֱǫ̃ǰͼƬƵϢ͵أ㲻Ҳܹ
ޱޱôѶ͵أ
ҪܵĿռƼˣ˿ƺԽ˵Խ˷ܣȻ漣̻Ŀǰˮƽʱûа취ÿ˶˽˴ֿ⣬ͨռÿ충Ϣ巢ǸԲĴʶǾÿͧͣһյĿԼΪ㡣
ɭﾭ̣Զǰڵһλ
Ҫ磬漣̻ʽ⣬ǵʮֿݷ㣬ҷռΪ㰡
漣̻᲻ԼƷĹطƷѡ漣̻ǰԼز漣̳ǵƽ̨ۣⲻɭָǸ壬ܿ羳ɭĹȥ
Ʒʧȥ
۸ȻˮǴߣ潫޷
漣̻ƽ̨ܴ޴ֵгûѹδԴΪԼãܴɭ¸ûɭַ츲صı仯
ޱޱѪڡ
ռֿⱻʱޱޱһԾǴá羫ĲҶƷֱڱظֵ̫Ǯ۹ȥһٱֹĸ߼ۡ
岻ǲϲ罻
ȫ԰Ѷ˵漣漣Ƿŵ̳ۣԷ־ˣܴлȡǰŵ棡
δҲͨ漣̳ǣȥ½صƷֻҪºöǮЩܴ̾ط͵ɭ֣͵ľþþ޴ƣ
̫ˣ
ãȷʵܺá°˵㵽ʲôΪѵģ
漣̻ڹģ̫Сû㹻ַȥ̳ǣ̳ǹģԽԽ󣬸ԽԽܣ̳ŶӾͻԽԽսüӷףڹ˿̾һ˵⻹һǳҪĵط뿴ǿôгֻǳԶʳĻܲۺô
ޱޱüô죿
踱׼ͨѰķܹܺõĽ⡣˿ͣһ˵ССгеĴйҵĴǵһǿñ̳ڱصӪ漣ṩֺ֧ܹܣٽзֳɣһطҲܴһ¸
Са취ѰҴ̵ĻܷطǵķչٶȣóһЩ棬ʵȴγһȶĺӮ档ͷȻ˾ȥ찡
ΪҲô˿ۣĲ߻ܣվһЩ©ʧ㡣ɭĸ壬ԶҪҪȻܶ˱ֳȤֻκû㹻ʽ롣
ûǮûǮ˵ƨһѲ漣ְ̻ǽһУ
ҾΪĿĻġ˿һЦҾôģ
ޱޱһ㶡
˿Ǵˣ֪Ͷʻж涼ûпأѲɾȰǮɢ⣿Ϊ漣֮ǵϯӦף漣ǵĲֹۣ
һ뷨ܽһƽ̨ƽ̨ܹɹδڻɭ֣ڴ½Ӽֵ漣̳ǲ˿ͣһ£ƽֶ̨ˣͽ漣аɣ
УޱޱһʣʲôУ
ͶһǮУͨѺŴʽǮǣɳڵĽ衣˿˵ֲ䵽Ȼв޳ǮȫúܸϢԴֶǮ׬Ǯ
ޱޱܿ뵽йؼҪǽǮô죿
ɭʵǵĲڻصıֻȱԪʯҪĳԴǵĴеѺЩǽǮôͱеѺ
˿˵ֲ䡣
δ漣ǽ㹻ǻ԰ҵһɭǮǮڲ䲻ȫȫԴ浽ǲȡܷѣһϢеǮǮǮѭ
ãǳܣǳã
˿ȻûóʧȻôһ취һעʷᰡΪ½ڽĿɽ棡
ϸļƻ顣˿һݾݸ죬ϣܹ㿪ҵΪ漣Ǻ漣̻ǰṩǿĶ


447 ׬
漣ǰ;޿δ漣ǵӰ漣ɭֵľձ½ҵġġ
δصִó߱ޱȳǰļʶܷǳף漣ǾԴпΪģ뷨ҪǴӳĳǵһ㶼֣˿Ϊһɭﳤܹ뵽ʵһǳ˲顣
ʣ̻ǮȡǮȽʺϣ
˿ϻش𣺡ȫ
ȫ
û˿ǳ˵漣̳Ǹո𲽣޷ʮСһЩͲԵ㣬ΪṩҲ١ЩԪʯֱ뷴̻Ṻ豸ϡ֧ãۺάͼԱƸ룬󲿷Ԫʯվǻ漣֮ǵġ
漣еԪʯͨһȦ漣ǵĿڴޱޱе벻ˣǿҵ۲ƷӰַչ̳ǺУջһѵѺծֻ֮䣬ôǶԵˣô£
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һ̣ʽĽƻ쾡£漣֮һ֧˶飬γԺܴǮأ

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С㡢ӨӨϹ˳ƹأɾ磬ҲͻΪﵽ龳ոճͻ֪˿ڳﻮ漣е飬ʮ־ȣͷԺǻۣת˲кô
򵥡
治򵥰
Ůȷʵܶһ˲š
һ漣ǴҲβΪҲˣȻҪȥһҪǶȻ꣬ԸȽϵ͵漣̻߲㲢Ծɴ䣬˳ûгӣλȻǹûˡ
򾭹ɸѡɭվڿյ֮ϡǰʹС岻ͬУȻװ죬ҲͬѾе㲿ӵˡ
ֳ漣֮ǵ±
ΧԱߴ֣ĳɭǲģ֧ǻɭһ֧Ҳǵһְҵľˡ
㣬Ȼˣ
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һֱûʲô仯Զĵ͵ӡȻͲһˣȻ׳ߴУٲȻһɳ޽ļƣóеΪ⣬ʱ䶫Ȼɳܿ죬챾⽫漣ǵͳ󽫡
μ漣սʿȫɭǿ׳ʿӹһ̨ʮһľӢʿеʿ漣֮֮ʣӭǳΪ漣ҫʿ
±ﶼ¶֮ɫ
սʿ޲⾺ɱƴͨһϵ飬ѡΪ漣ʿܹվһսʿĽοΪ漣ʿ൱ΪԼһݺùΪڲȡҫ
ҿԺ׸ߴңѡ漣֮һǾӭһ⽫һǧѷشÿ㶼ǹƽģƸȨȡ֮쿶Ĵӽ쿪ʼ漣֮ǵĹԣΪ漣֮Ƕսǹ漣֮ǵĻԻͣ
𣡺𣡺𣡡
±Ƿ׷
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⣬Ҫ˻ᣬһ飡Ϊ漣ǵĳṩø漣̻漣УΪͨҵÿһ漣õԪʯȫ漣ǿȡƣǻΪṩȫĲƲǵȡκηãᷴϢ¸ٷ֮һϢٷ֮ϢϢٷ֮ʮ
漣˾ˡ
һɫŹֽͷӶ
ԪʯԽԽ̫ࣿ˼˰ɣ
Ϣٷ֮ʮһٿԪʯŸһʱ䣬ǱһٶʮԪʯ뾫֮ǺܳģԪʯ漣зŸʮһ꣬ÿܱɶôӴĲƸ
ѡ±񹫲漣гΪע⡣
漣еĴҵʱȡóʸȺ忪ţҪΪ漣̻ӰȻ
ɭƾʲô
οɭͻһ˲һ漣ǸˣЩ˲ƲҪȥ漣дҵĿǰһָķʽ漣ǵʽ񿪷ţδʱټҵ
Ȼ漣Ȼ̫š
˼飿
漣̻æԪʯԪʯܹԪʯ
漣пҵЧãԳ漣̻ʵչʾռֿȡİȫձ鱣ֹ̬ȲûʲôȤ
ƵĲᡣ
ⲻһͷ
˵ҵ򲻴ҪȴҶ漣ǶԳûģôԺηչȥأ
衢˿һ
ģ
ɭȿʼŴ
˿ź˵̸Уռʵǿ㹻ֵıΪѺ漣дһԪʯʼһˡ
漣ǲ۲۵ĸ
ṩѺɭг۹ֵԼǴֵһԪʯϢﵽٷ֮٣
ˣͷ֮󣬸ʹ׷Ч£ȫԸ̵ĴΪҲװ㲻˴ûҪǲգǱȶɻڴԺҲ
޷ǻѿռֿѺıжԣ
漣гɹų࣬˿Ϳʼͷˡ
鷳ˣԪʯˣ
Щ˴ԱиߣЩرð㣬ȫȿֺѺЩɭгֵҲˣǱ漣̻˵ȥǻٷ
˲Ժ󻹲漣̻ǰٷְٲģҽԪʯṩЩտ漣ܱҵϵĻ漣֮ǣ̻ᵱȻǲĴ
üͷ壺ʣԪʯ
ֻʣһ򡣡˿ݣѾǲȵˣ³Ӫзգ뾫оҲӰ졣ǡкüҪδ
뾫Ͽ
ˣ
˴źüˣźü߽
Щ⿴Ű뾫飺˳ϣǡ
뾫Ͽ˻ӻ֣뾫˾̰Ӹ򿪣ƬƬԪʯǰ
Ԫʯǰ뾫峤ʱòõԪʯ׼԰뾫ȫ嵽漣жһꡣ
͵˿Ⱦϲ
һľϲ
뾫ṩʾ޴Ϊ漣ṩһξ޴֧֣
˲ɵ뾫ôһǰ뾫漣һģ漣ǷˣҲ档һǰ뾫鿴漣м׬ģʽǶ漣㹻ġ
漣гֲΪ漣׬ǮƶչĴ߻
ǩرЭ顣
ԪʯȡϢͰϢֻҪ֤һ꣬ô͸ṩٷ֮ʮϢΪְ֧뾫飬Ϣһ
뾫鵱ȻҲܸˡ
һʱ԰뾫˵ʲô
Ԫʯ漣зһֵһǰ붼鰡
뾫漣жʴ飬̾ͨ漣̻漣֮Ǵһʱ䶯ǳв͸˶ʼ½½ǰñһ̶ˮĴҵ񽥽Ծ漣л㹻ʱʼɭŴͶʡ
漣ϡ
ʱĹȻһϢó첻òӡ


448 ɭֹҵ԰
ʵҴһĵĴϢ
ԪȡͻԽչǳΪеһˡ漣̻һķչб˺üΣԪռֿ⡢Щ߶˿ƼǼǲܶƿ
֪ʶʱֻªֲڷʽʵһ֣ͻݽֹͣ״̬֮С
ڣԪĳƳɹ⽫̼컨壬漣̻ǱܴȰθߣ˵һǳش顣
Ԫȶʱ޷ᶯʲô㣿
μӹԪоȻʱ֪ԪʲôãԪĿ˵漣̻ĿǰʱһҲǳ׼Ŀ֮һ
˸ӣ˷˷ѾֵĻ첻ܻȥ
С㵽뾫ʵһˣҪʣĿռ侧ʯϹȥ׺͹ǧҰѴĽͼֽԼòֿ͹ȥݳ׼ޱޱһˣٶȵִݣΪĹԷҹȥ
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ǳ㣬һ˴ؾ൱ߣʱܻഫ͡
̲Ҫõޱȵۣ֮Ҫõռϣϡв漣̻ûʲôʹ뾫弸Ҳࡣ
漣Ǵ֮ʱѾѰ뾫ռԲõһ룬ΪڶĹϵ첻òѰ뾫ʣռ侧ʯЩڰ뾫һЩװҲûʲôãȫ죬˳Ժһռֿˡ
̿ʼִʱ
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漣Ǳ֮£һȺڿʾոļΪѣһЩкܶǲˣֱӷܹǲõġ
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ŵ¼ŭĳ죬ηӣû뵽ѳԥ룬˵ǲ췴ģֻȡϷȨ棬Ҫ漣ег
漣гԵг˿γгŵµĵ裬Ҫ˿һ˵
ʲô
Ϊ˿Ӳƽŵ´ǿʮŭԪʯѴѸΧȥȴһԪʯϴǣΪʲô޷ΪǰЩԹ˾ǹ˽ǲ
˵û
˶ܵнǮȴܽǮ
ǲ仹پΪ漣ʿ
һȺ鼤ܣԹܴһóһͷνѶ漣ûг֮ǰҾõҲûʲô漣гüԪʯŴȴԶĲСЩص˳룬ȴȫˡ
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ʵ񶼲ֲ˵ɭļӢ齨ӣǳȻȶĸλǳûܵԵȵĴкܶ뾫Գʼˡ
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Χ价漣ǶһΧڣ˿ŴΪչУΪһΧҵ̬漣̳Ǹһ
ΪȶΧôγҡ㣬ָṩλȶ̫ƽչԳֻԺռһ
ʣǴʲô
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ҪԪʯȥʲôأ
ʣ֪֪ҪѺģ漣зԪʯϢܵڻѺƷᱻûա
ǵѺôõĳȽϸԣĲԥ˵ǲ£ֻҪԪʯ
ЩǷҪˡ
λ˵ü룬ͻȻһ˵漣дΪ׬ǮΪٽɭֵչǷųԪʯΪ׬ȡϢΪʹԪʯɭ฽ӼֵɭγɹӮǲԪʯȷܵõôֽͳɳѪΪô
ʲô˼
ҵ˼Ҫ漣ôóʵжֽ׶ֻҵʹָ֧˽ֵ߳Ĳ
ŵһˣţͷֲ⣡
˭˵ҵͱ⣿֣ӨӨͼ
ӨӨϽһݴɭֵͼ򿪡
վھ޴ͼǰָţͷɽλ˵ţͷɽΧطḻţͷһΪʲôһأ漣ǽӭһθٷչδʯ۸Ҳǣѵһ̻ţͷȫðΪɣ漣̻ͶʣǺϰһţͷֿӣţͷԺ󲻾ԴԴϵľԴ𣿡
ŵ¾е
ǮǳԶ֮ư
ţͷֱֻʣãֻԽԽûз֮գ֮㲻֮棬漣̻ţͷֺһӣ漣̻ṩ乤ߡɹߡּȵȣţͷָڿͿˣдѴѽǮ롣
ָһ˵ʳħ丽мϡľģľͷ3ϣƬɭֶǣűɽ֪ҲԺʳħһľ
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ʺֳ
ɭвԴޱȷḻڵһӣҳһʮľ󣬷ĵȻԴԴɭַ¸
ǿɭԴ̫ḻֱضǱأֺαΪмԪʯڻأڵͼȦһ򣺡Ҽƻڴ˿һɭֹҵ԰岿䶼Ժ漣һͶʣǮǮмԴԴ׬һ֣ҹͬ¸αΪһС¶˺
ԣԣ

漣̻ռֿѾʲôˣ
طḻԴ漣ǵʹ˶ԣҲΪ֮
˵ѿˮ˵ˣ˵뿪ṩֻǳ룬ھ滮ǴС飬Ųءɭֻܻңȫ֯һֻдСǻ۵Ĺ߲ܽһĽɡ
췴ˡ
Ȼһ¾ͰЩҰļһסˡ
ƣкô췭һۣõȶŽᣬֻܴһ¸綼Ҫ飬ɲ˵˵ѡ
治֪漣ԺʲôأӨӨżžֿտĵطпޱޱȥĹҪʱ䣬𣿡
ȻǲܾôֱȥĹλȥ֮ǰҪȥһطռ㶫


449 ˹
սأѾ뾫ˡ
Ȼ춯صĴսѾȥһӣȻŨϢüʮֲȫήȻε漣֮ǣطȫﲻȤ
뾫Ͽ˽ȥھ֮¹ȻҵһǿĿռ䣬ӦԶʱڵһżѼ̳󷨽ż֮ϣżȡ۳һɼܴݻеĿֲ
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漣ͱһƬشˣ
ӨӨСꡢʮ˸̣ټʮ˾߽ż
Сһ㡣ͷһƣĵص׿ռ˵Σյ顣
˾һͷˮ
Աûµ˵߲ȱǿ߲ŶԣΪʲôƫƫѡ̻ļ˾أ̻˾սǿ漣֮Ҫֵѱ޺;̣
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ΧһĹȻγɵʯεضֻǺ֮Ƕµ­ǡ˿­ﶼðЩԼٶڿоۼȻѸγһֲԪ֮꣬࣬գۼкüٸʮ˱ȫΧˡ
˷ѻĸԶﺡҲ

һֻǱ
ӨӨϸСȱץסܵŵǼһϽ߳һţӨӨսôôҲʿʿԪǹͷʱķ顣
ӨӨδֱ˹ͷӴطð̣ҿǹⲻôǿҵӿڣ÷ϵһ롣

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ι״ù֮࣬вԶ޹Ǽܣǻɢѷɫ3ħ޹Ϣ
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С꣺ϡ
Сж˸ת˲֮䣬ЩǿͷӹˣȻСǿֻһ۵С㣬ǾͺһӵϣЩǿһ
վûǻ۵Ĺ
Сɾ߻ɡ
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ѹֳ˾ҪĿ꣬ȻΪ˲ɼ̬顣漣ǵĿǰ̻бȽ걣漼ʩչٻĸ
Сȫѹǿ飬ٻ޺ͳ졢ӨӨס飬˾ȡַСƿĳֲ֪̬һ˽ȥ
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ڲʱ򣬷ż漣ǲԸ̽Ҳ١
سʱѾڣջ㲻ʮƿӡ಻塣ֱӴЩʵ뾫ԳȻ췴ʮ־ȡ
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ӨӨų죺«ʲôҩ
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ϹƺޱޱȷʵǱȽܴģ˶ԳʮֳݣֱѾ鰡ǲŲҸ춯ء
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˶ŵԪɢɫâɺüɣûв´Ļϵķʱ˼ϵ󷨣뾫鶼ı
һƿڷ롣
۵һ
ƿǷ
ʮֻצĶȿֺ
侲˵󷨣
뾫˾æ󷨣鱻һâȫļ⺿ЩȻγɵԹ飬Թޡɱ¾֮ĸ̫ǿˣ첼õķڲɱǵ֮£һǶ
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Ȼ֮󣬻ûʲôֻʣһտǰ֮
ЩѾ޹Եȶ״̬Ϊ;ɵģҲǹ˼ĸһ˵һߴƣôһ죬Ǿܻü򵥵˼򵥵˹塣
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450 
˹һǳǰ
ˡӨӨЩԭʼŹ֣
˹ܾǻ壬ֶҲȫ飬ֻһֶ˼ĹߡȻǻ۾˼Ȼ˼ѧϰȻѧϰܹ˹ܺͨܵ
ΪȼߵĹϵֻܹγɳǻۡʮѾɹ˹˵御γǻۣǻ޷ģʶһ־ѵǻ͹ߣԶۡᷳ־壬δܹ㷺õͬ⽫ǵЧʣ
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һŪʹô˲Ķ
ӨӨĲ࣬ƺҲ֪гǧ˹ܣڶǧ򲻻ƣͣԶڹ״̬ѧߣоԺĳɹзЧʽߵģ
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뾫м꣬޵ģܴ㿪ʼһ壬Ŵഫǧ֮ЩһǶʦ
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гɳޣüǸǺã
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ְ취ܹı䣬һ־߼˹塣콫һ鶫׸ˣȰȾһ¡
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ڶ취ôǾǰ˹ΪģֲԪУٵͼ˹ܣֻҪԪǿļ㡢洢ϣǶĴڣ
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ʱޱޱͨѶ죬߳ѾĹˣڴڽ쵱УԤưܹ֮ʹˡ
ʱǰһҲýˣ˵ٶҲۿˣ͸ȥһĹ
ˣ㡭˵ʲôɭٰʮ꣬û߳ɭ֣ûһ߳ɭ֣Ϊɭʵ̫ˣ㹻ԴͿռ䣬㹻뾫ͷˡȥĹң
ǰޱޱѾò˶þܴͨˡ
ζû뵽һ뿪ɭ֣ǰĹȣ
ޱޱѴݳǽãŴ漣ǵĴȲԶԷռ꣬ȷɴͣҲ£׼ռ֮þҪˣ
䡣
췢
ռ΢΢Ѹپ£۳һѱĿռռṹ仯յԪض⿪ձҫ۶Ŀİ׹⡣
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δʱͿռ綼ǣҪõϣԴӴԽ֮ⶫԵرˡ
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ÿһѧ߶ź򡢽Ҳޱܡ
챻͹ǰһ̣ǻģôļأʵǣûʲôܣԳ˵ģ
ݼ
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߰׹˸衢ӨӨϹƣЩѾõˣȫһصĹС
Щ˼ֱĹ񻰣
رǳ죬ֱۡĹ޲ݣλѷɫڵ
Ц߹Һþòݼ
Цһ治֪˵ʲôá
׹һ
˱͹һȫ¶Ծ飬뾫Ӵ٣һֻϼ壬û뵽ǰ
ĳԾ
ӼֱѾ·ˡ
ĹʱΧɫɫ࣬оȻͬĻԼûȫ˯ѣ
λǰ뾫ϿˣȻûѧ߷ţ֪ʶʮԨ·ʿʿȫпܡ򵥵Ļܣ˳ϣĹһɭֱС
˶Ȼ𾴡
ԭǻɭֵǿߣͷȻĿˣȻܵϯдͣҲΪκӷϴ
ϯȾˣһ˲ԺȵģҪԪ
׺͹ǧȤǣ᳤


451 
Ĺ޴仯
ݳ˿ڱȳ뿪ʱ֮һ̶ȸʤǰһ
ⲻΪݳѾΪǣΪ漣̻ķԴأ漣̻ݳдʵңд͵Ĺҵ԰ֱӾݳǵĳɳ
ر漣̻ռֿⱻ֮ͨ漣̻ᾭѻɭԴĹۣٽĹʵʱ˿򡢽ˣȫ˵øͻƶͣͲǰƿѾһصǿˡ
ݵĿսʿѵӪѵսʿһֱĹӶɲӣͨ漣̻Ԫ޺Ϊգֹռ˿ˡĹָԪȫǰˡ
Ĺڶ̶ʱҲѸٴ
ܱһЩҾ̶ӿĹΪ˾ǽڲɹ漣̻ĲƷĹ価ȻʹĽңڴҵУѾʼʵʩԪʯףʻӹһֱ־
ĹĹָտɴ
ݳǽֵ֮ϣֻ÷·һ磬ʮ漣ͧش󣬸¥˶ĻȫڲŸ۵Ĺ棬ͷ˷
ͷ޳ˡ
漣̻ĻɣݱһȺǿĵطԪعܵԪѾ֣в˶ʹͱݵĽͨߣһֻֻ׿ǳڳеĵ·ش
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ĹһСôܷչ˵زģ
з͸ԶԶֱһСѸڴ½ûеٹǧʱ䣬ͷᱻѹȥ
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᳤᳤ܻܻ
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ŷչ׳˵ˣȻүӣԴƼңƼұһС壬ܹԴ˷ʽ£ܹ뵽оУһͻԵ׳١
ʵĿǰҲôǿ
˵İ뾫УѧˮƽĻѧ߼Ҳмٸĸѧ룬ѧߺͰ뾫ѧоʽ̫һҪཻȫںϡ
οǳһֽġ
ǧЩѧ߸ѧϰѾһˣ漣̻ĿƼκѧϲϵĲ࣬Բȫ֪ʶжǿ
켸˿ʼʵҲιۡ
ȻоһֶַŵȥΪ漣̻оȻ漣̻Ϊеĵط漣̻ÿƷͿƼд
ҽ˴ϻȥԺ齨һ֧ѧʹţð뾫ѧߵһʱ䣬أ
֮ã֮ã
Ѿ漣̻ˡ
ֱڲ׳ĵ̣ͬʱָо޴Ļǰ뾫ѧߣ漣ԴԶݸǿ漣ǵʵԶݸ󣬶ҳѾ漣̻ΪӪδܲȻҲ漣֮ǵġ
뾫齫о޴ᣡ
ܾ뵽뾫ͻŽռоԵλʹ뾫ʷδΪ½ѧ֮봴µһַʽɾصĴ壡
׿һʵҴš
һųĺϳǰһʱÿﶼԪʯ壬гһΣһ𣬹ͬɽṹӵĴԪ
ԪʮȺɣÿȺаٸԪܹ÷ĳʮԼҪʮͬʱܷܹת
ЩǾǳԪ󣡡׷ǳԺ˵ԪٶԪģа˸Ϣ洢ٶܴﵽÿڴΣԴӴϢ
ÿӼڴΣ
¶Ŀɿڴı顣
ǿԪݻʵ鵱Уǽṩô
ڴΣҡҡͷˣ
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Զ󷨿ӡĻԪʯ
ΪԪʯ̺ԪӽԪԪһֹҵԴܹάԪܴԪ˵󷨿ӡĳɱԽϴ󣬵ȴܽŴͶӶﵽЧ
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ֺֹأ΢Ц˵Ԫϵͳٶ޷ģ쾫ռȶԪҲ㣬ԪӿֲӾܣδǿ󼸰ټǧ֮ݸֱ仯֮Ĺܲġ
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˵С͵漣ȥɣ㽫ΨһһӵȨ޵ˣӴԺ漣ǵĹϵͳˣôһڣ漣Ƿչپ޴󡣡
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ǧ׶һۣûһ¡
ôãУҡҡͷ˵еˣҲð뾫ǣȰ󷨻ûôʱһȥ죬ҪʵҪҪԽԽСٶҪԽԽ죡
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452 ˳
Ԫ塣
߱ȫͬʷչ켣߳мңԪ塣
ʷԪֱӲģֻͨͳƹܣϾûа취ںϣûǻۺ˼ά֮ôͲһˡ
ǧʮָп˵Ȼǧʷ᳤ܻΪɣ
Ҳü˶Աߵ˵Ҳ̫óȡɡ
УӨӨһͷѿھ˵ôǾͽ԰ɣǾô
ͷҾ÷ǳ
ûжİãǾͽˡ
ԣһѧϰͼǿǻͳδǶķ͸Ǵ½չʷһ̱漣̻һηԾʽķչ
ѾеȲ̨͵漣ãжٹܡ
ڰ֣С㼱ʲôԷֲߣ漣ǺݴͨͨʱʵֻഫͣػѾʮַݣҲؼһʱˡ
⵹Ҳǣ
д淽㣡
˵漣ÿĲСÿ촫ʹӦö޵ģҴͬʱҲһЩӦΣպͲȶԣͼı˽漣ǡʵûа취鷢أ
漣ء
漣̻᲻ܰÿػʵʵгĿܣɶΣԡ
δ漣ӣǾܽȫߺͿؿƣҲõЩ˵ȶһ٣ֻżƴ͹ܱã
ͷ
˲һݡ漣̻ᴫʹ׼򡷣
ʹ׼ȷд漣ʹǰһҪȵ漣̻ʹ֤⻹ҪĿصġ֤ͨǰñشʸ񣬺ǿִͨﴫĿĵصʸ
漣̻߲Ȩ⣬ÿδͱǰһ쵽漣̻زύ룬ʱʹͼ㱨׼֮ɶʮԪʯãܹɴͷˡ
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󻹵ûѶʮƷԪʯ
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ʵ漣̻˳չסǬչ˷ֲĹΣܹ˳ɹҲ漣̻İæرĹ֮ĹòǨݵʱ
Ŷ뿪ݣȴԴԴϽԴĹͲӣðĹٻָԪ
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ɱɭָӣʱһʵ޺̨޼ôгɾأ˵Ŀ΢΢е룺һʱʲôˣ漣̻޵УС˳Ծأ
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漣̻һʱ䣿
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λ֪һ˵뿪ʱ䣬ֹѾɧΣ˵δζ޹ҲС鷳ĹѾֵܹסֹϮȴû㹻չĿǰϱһֱγɸݶľ档
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˶ɴ۾
˵⻰ޱȣһֱǾҪȵǰһˮôɡ
˭֪Գ飬ûʲôȣֻǳ˼һӣͷ˵Ҳã漣̻ݲҵģСʼձ¶ڵ˱֮£ںҲΪĹǰĶսԪ˧Ӣұˡ


453 ɭ
ֹô˵ҲԴԾӣȮֲԭȫԱ˵˵ģ
漣̻Ĺȥʱ䣬ʲôʱ˿ˣҲˣҲһͬô
ʵָܽսȻԱ࣬̾һοȻֹټȮֲԭȴȻмǧ׺飬ȮֲԭĻǿޱȵӥս
⵹ʵ
һսͬСɡ
ӥǿʵϻɭּͷӥһǳĴ˿ڳʮڣ
ǺܴصǸٺصɢҰսͬƴǾƴġ
һ˿ڼǧȮֲԭֹܳһ˿ڼǧĴֹ齨۱һ˿ڼǧĴֹܰ˿ڵĹðȫԱ
ӥ˿ڱعƸߴʮڣ·۴½ҲǺܴĹˣص㣬ռǷǳߣһĴսսӥӵ۱ǧĴӶᣬսΪ֮޲ǸøϹӣ
Щӥս˿ھԽԽ࣬һչеĹӥĹ֮һѣʵǲСġ
ӥʵǿ󣬵ͬʱսս޷УܰѾӶ貢Ǻܵӥӥ㹻ʱڸʲôĥĥôãֻԮʮֹ˵ӥûа취̫ӣһǾлشݲʱʱ̿档
һһݣɴͳȮֲԭһֹ
һ
Խ˵ԽףֹĹȮֲԭôױͳôＸǧ鶼壬ããԭûѲ⣬ҵõģ
費ÿɷ񣬲Ѿʼ𣺡һԪѾзˣǳԲöȻ漣̻ݵԤսʿŶ
ǧϽ˵λ᳤ܻҪ˼Ԥ漣̻ѵºķʮڽԴĲӡһս֧ս֧ȫģ
Ҳ˵սģ»漣̻ᷢչ躹ޣʱ̻֮֡
漣̻᲻Ǯ𣡡ѾݳǴɲò֣漣ǵ͹ˣһս¾ܽͳһȮֲԭ
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ݳΪ漣̻ıӪפսʿЩսʿսԳĹʮʨʿʿ֮ƾţ򲻿ܸսʿԿ
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Ĺʨʿʿôʷ͸дˣ
漣ȴ־ӣµط²䱸µװԪǾʵüΣսļ˾ӢҲѷɫ
漣̻ɶȻΣλǰӣѾΪ䰲ʱǳ󣬲ûָӹģսθպÿԽĥĥ¡
Сʱ֮
ݴâ˸
ţͷŵ£˾³ȣʳħҡüʮ˻ɭ֣ʵʿ׷׾ۼ
Ҳã򡢽Ҳգÿϱ鶼鴤ˡ
ûмô岻ͬ͸ˣе𺳵ǣһɫ۷ǿߣǿѾҪﵽˡ
ʮǿ߰
С붼ݣ
һ˳Ƕܴ޵֣
ʮսϷãʤһ֧ʮľʨ
ЩµĻº밡ݳûֵܵǣ
ŵ´ǿŴôһӾͱ͵ˣ
ҲûھзӦһΣ֮ɫ˶ʳħĿһɨڳ࣬Ŀ¶׹ۣ˵ƣѹЩ˴ˡ
Ƕˡ챳ǰȥȻԼʮ׼ɭȴһ㶼ΪԷ壺˵ûǻᣬǻɭĹңһǳƽԭдʳؿΰŪΪģ̡ʳ
Щ۷Ź⡣
Ȼܵɭǹ̺ʳ˵ȷʵǷǳϡģ
ĿҪúðջᣡ
ǣ
ĥȭվǳ˷ܡ
ӻ֣ʾҰλĹĹ
Իָ׼ʳλʿԶĹִ׼չ˲ܣˣΪʿǽӷ硣Щһû뿪ɽ֣
һȺͷβУܹݳĴ
Ĺ߲£ȫӣĹιۣһ붼¡
δʱ
۳ԺסУȫź򣬼ֱǰδе顣
ʮڳ߶ʱ̼䶯Ƕŵòֻӣ̨͸ý幫̷̬֮ת䡣
Щι״ļһȻϷ޾ɭԮ
ΪĹֹܴʿһĸ֣
ڽֻţӵӢ۰Դǡ
ŵµ˺ܹ˴Щһ죬ֱ챻ȥˣǵĸо㡣
ʱһͣ޺߿յͺ漣ͧϢͻ棺оҪͷ
Ȼͼ̫Լֱܹ棬ӥս͵ϮӾ˹ģȡǰʧܽѵֹĹˮսһͷǳӴľӣÿһֻ޶߰ʿ˼ʮֻ֮⣬˶ǿòȥǳ磬ĿȻݳǸۿڻǹȺ֮ҪĹ鷳ʧ֮̾ͳˣս
˱޺Ϳϡ
ĹվǳôҲΪԳ̡
漣̻µС򣬴Ӹ乺ܶħޣ漣ҲڴѵչħޣԶˮⲻ˽ʣޣǴһռţɾ͡
ҲûбҪڵЩȫ㹻ˣ


454 
µСͿѾɣɫԭͻ֮ϣ̻˳´ԴˣԴΪȻ˳һ
漣̻ڰµСһгԴԴϵذѲ˵ĹܱѾһˡ
繤һ͹
էеԪȴֲ̫һ
ԪǷĿ꣬ӶǿĺɱЧԪڵʮǿȴһԺӵҪȱݡɵģԻ᲻ɢ˥ԽԶ˥˵Խһ룬ͻȫɢ̺Чɱ˰뾶ޡ
һַʵһִ͵Ļڣ
漣̻Աһ׶೤ڵ˳
Եþ޴ޱȣÿ˴ô֣嶼̣Դӹ̣ڶһ
ײڲлϵļԪ󣬻һ޴ͳȥܹﵽһƽٶȴﵽÿܵײ޴ͷͻᷢ޴ը
⵹ǲԶ
ͷԶԴƻǳǿкڵǿҲܡ˵կᶯĴĿꡣԵĹϵǻֱܳӵзеĲӡ
˵˵ٶ࣬һԣ׼𣿡
Ѿ׼
ãߣ
ȫͺŵսͣ޸ۣ漣̻Ƶһǵø߼ԪܣھװһԪڣٶȡսȫ޿޵ġ
͵һҴ;װ֮ϡ
λ䲢˹ǰʱĿ̨̨ӻۿͧϢλϢٶȡ򣬸ݶѸٵԪУʮͬʱܣϵͳС
ֱִأٶܴﵽÿڴΣԴӴݣλáж켣ٶȣٽݣӶ滮ȷ;׼Ĺʽ
ĹѾᡣ
ʮݳǾ񲿶ӶսݿսʿҲڸ;У˵ֹĹļ֮£ǲܹ͵Ϯֵġ
ֻ˫֮ԶԶܻпĿɲںըһУĿԶСһڻԲһ׵顣
ˣŵ³ȵˣȫվڼװϣȴһ̵ķ
Ŀ̷ΧڣѾԷ䣬ԤԤ87%㲻κθеǷ䣿
ſһյͷɣ
ڣʼ䣡
΢΢öⶥ糤ǹĻȫεضβ沢ѤҲֻ緢ɫٶڼʱﱻᵽ£·ռ䶼Ҫư㣬ĦУȻȼܻ棬̹סŻ
̫ˡ
˲ͻ϶ַ񼱾٣̶̼ﵽٶȣÿңﵽٵʮ
ʮٺεȾˣ
龳ǿҲѴﵽʮ٣
ֹǧҸ߿ǰȫȻ֪ΣڼٿԼԼ֣ʳּʱȴѾ̫ˡ
ٶȱٿ̫ˣ
˲ƿʱѾ̫
öĦȼգֱöʯƿֹ࣬ûüöͻ˶ľޡ
ûը
һɷ籩
ȻһͶ籩
ޱŰ籩̼ɣȻͱʳĩ԰ټƵĴֹӢսʿһ˲ͱ˺ʬ޴档
£
̫ˣ
ԶԶؾͼſ籩¾ûֱӱը˿ֲ籩ϯ֮£Ҳȫʡ˵ġ
ɣϹƵɴ۾ôô󣡡
ʮͷȻǡ
ʵ嵼봿д
Ԫ̽϶̡Чɱ˰뾶ǿҼܱأϾȥֻһȱǶڹҪ̫ߣܶᣬͨ׳ܵģ㹻ǿǸ߼Ԫǰᡣ
ʵе̳δ漣̻ȫ뵽ϢԶԿʱëȻɱ˾Ϊʵ壬ԵûбըǰǲĵġȻȱԱȽױأƻԪѷɫһЩ
˵ǻжĻ
ҡҡͷ˵Ƶǵһʵս˲ûʲô棬Ҳֻһʵս顣
ʲôɨˣ̽˵̻̫ǿټǿˣȫǰʰ©֮㣡
ȻûˣĿѾﵽ
ֻޱֱӺɱսʿ˷ǳأûеִݵܵӭͷش죬ԴֹӴ֪Ҵ߾㻹սҲѾû˶־ɣ
ʮľ԰ټƾ۳ںϣǳǷǳ׳۵ģĿֻһǾ޺ݸۿڵ¼ֱϮֹڱҪ
ܵĴֹӸҪĹ׷ϡ
İǳ;оͷأǰѴֹϮӵҴһ򾡡
ڳ뿪֮Ҳ츲صı仯ϴѾʿڰӽһѾĹʵĵһˣκ˶Һӵһ֧ر޺ķΧ֮ڡ
ʱһݣؿսʿҲѾִĹɻʦ̺֮ƺƵ򱱰ݸ۶ȥˡ
ĹʿȴηѾ̫ˣ
ĺȮֶԹ̫رǱᣬݣɱӶᣬϷ޲ַ̿߿ֻԴֹͱ˵ļƣĹҲûа취
Ľʿʿ
ⳡս漣̻룬һɹģ
磬绢һ·۶ϣƬûͣЪֹ϶벻ĻȻսĹҪֹӦһǸݻ٣ӶĹʧȥء
ȴ˵ֱӲ̫һǱֽţ
ã
ޱޱ̴ų쿪ʼռƶ
ޱޱռ츳ʵǷǳÿ˲ƶܴüٹռ䣬ȻҲпռ츳ĿǰҲ̾봫Ͷѣ
ǵˣ
Ƚһ쵽ݡ
ǲݺ򽻽ӵ㣬ݺüۿڶĹó÷ǳ֮أԴӱֹռ֮Ѿȫˡ
ޱޱǱҪУԼٶҪﶼöʱĸ߱ըЩʱըҲɶԴģȻǷǳ
һж׼֮
֪뿪Ҫھ͵һֺϷˡ


455 
ޱޱһʿռ䣬קų˳Ѿ۵ſˣһžСͨ촭Өϸ˵ˡ
ı˳˳ôãôһͲˡ
磬˵ףûˡޱޱոƽʮҪ˲һζһǴһһ֮£֮ҲͿ֪ˣҲпռ츳ôô̾Լ
СѾͷԹˡ
ҵռ棬ܸȰ֪ܣСƨĳ˵ڵоҪлǳȷÿ˲ƴƫ׶УҲǸᣬʵҾ츳ΪһЩôպȫֻѿռٿſռֱӰըͿˡ
һúŬģޱޱ˼Ƚϼ̾ţôڸô죿
СܶϤҪ
ޱޱԪըʼնǳ˳û¶˿ھ͵Ƚӵִˡ
ҪȥվͿʱĹڳ֣νӹģǳӴкüҾͷװԪܵڽʱ˿ںһſǵ˵ĺƴ
ֹһֲϹӡôܺ޲
䣡
ִ
ģĵĺӣĺӣ
ӳвӳ̻Щӣ
ĽӾۿмСʱʱҪæҿʼֹռ챱İʱǲʲô鶼ʵڲݸۿУѾͣϰҾȫǴַֹͨռľ
ЩۿڽӸոյҪҪӸۿڿڳӭսͣ̾һҺȻԱİھװԪը˫ӶûзӴֹͱըһ롣
ֹæҡ
ʱоӳˡ
ֹǶĹʣˣĹ漣̫ͧ󡢻ԲĹϵ췣ͺſͧͶ߿ڵ⣬վǷǳġ
ȴЦ
ֹвӸո׼Ծ𸩳ʱǰžȻб籩Ĺⵯգֹͺӥʿ̼˺Ѫ⣬ƵƬѺ涼Ⱦˡ
Ԫǹ
ȻԪǹ
ֹ֪ĹװҲñ׼ΪֻҪһе˵вЦˡأû뵽ĹӹƱʮٱ
ԤѾִ
漣̻ΪԼľţ
漣̻ΪǲϧѪͶ룬սʿⲫʵˣǷֳʮ˵СӣÿСװһ֧籩ǹһ֧ԪڣԱЯһ֧ǹ
˾ζǧ֧籩ǹ
ǧ֧籩ǹζһ籩
ο漣̻зһֶת̶ֹʹõǹеǹܣÿٸߴǧӵһֱȷ籩ͻǹӿ񱩵漣̻רҽΪǹȻûа취Ųһ̶˲Χǿѹƣ
ΪҪ󼫸ߣԴҪҲ߹ϵͻǹܲ㣬ʮͦѣҲɷǳֲɱЧˡ
࣬սҪ
첻ǿЩһҪ˵´ֹվӹģ屶ĿҲĽκв
漣̻չϺͽԪ֮ϣʼնûд۹𣬼ȫװԼ֮ϣƷĹֻӵƻԲκһ֧Ÿġ
ֵĿвĽһֻһСǱӻȥûеӿĹľˡ
Ҫ
Ҫ
ͳ˧־ŭû뵽ĹôǵٶδҲ̫˰ɣ֮սڻûеһʱ䣬ǵĻʮֹ
ֹҪæ׼Ҫʱ
Ҫʮ춯صĺޱޱ͵͵õĶԪըը˵ʮԪը͵ĴըҲǲ̫ܶԼʮҪɶôԴɱⲻζûЧԪըòλҪҪһĿըʹҪַ¶ѾʧЧˡ
ҪæңѾҳһƬľ㹻ʱݵִۿڣڽԪڿʼըôֹʣֻ͸ۿڶɷ棬һȫװսʿʼǰ
ֹפۿڵؾֵ
漣̻սͲź谭ǰЩһװݵսʿԼʮ⣬ڱըȼյҪоʽװѾ׼
ͬʱ䡣
漣ͧڴҪϿգһ췣ͧըѾ򿪣ֻҪ漣̻ṥָһ´޴ĸ߱ըͻһҪ
ˣ
ˣ
ֹҪȫ˴׸
ǿսʿţͷĺըֻͧĹʮӣҪһƬңûа취赲˵׺ԾԵƣҲ˼㡣
̶ľ񶼷Ӳˣ
࣬һͨѶ򿪹ͨѶƵע⣬ͣע⣬ͣ
Ӷֹͣ
ˮ½նѾѹҪȻ׼Ҫֹûκηء
ӿͧȣ
ͨѶ밲װڼ漣ͧĴȽӣͨЩȴҪÿҪؾ
λѺãҽг죬ضʶҲҽˡ
ھ֮£ûκʤ㣬Ҹһᣡɵӥɵͳ˧ͶҵģɱŰκһ²
ǲҪǣӥͳ˧ɫ䣺౰ɽƻǲŵģ
ǵʵѾչʾⳡսѾûκλᣬӥ漣̻ĹҲȫ塣ȻսѾȫûٴȥıҪǺαؼΪӥνӣҪĻظ֣ôֻһƬһѻȮֲԭǵĲ䣡
ǳв
ֹеѡ
鱾׺ԣ֪ĿǰǲõĹҰް֮£Ҫ̾ͱһɧ
ûá
ⳡɧƽϢˡ
ӥͳ˧ʮӥ߼춼ɵʮҪ߾˫ֳͶˡ
ĹЩ⡣
ռݾƣΪʲôҪŹЩǰѼʮ˶Ļֹ϶ٴԪˣҺѻָġ
ӥսȮֲԭӥսĻ壬ֻҪƵôֹӥôȮֲԭԶΪǻӥϣЩȮֲԭɱãбҪʱ򻹵ýǷŻȥṩһЩװͰ˵ֲһ㣺⣬ôһɱ²ķǺո׶ˡ
˵
ûɱʮ䣬һóԺúȵİţĹ·ո¯ݡݵʱ򣬼ǳͨġ
ֹѾûţĴڻɢУڼʮ棬ôǻʲôɸ翹أ
Ĺӱٵǧڶذǰɥʧȫأ


456 ƺ
ֵϷҪĲѴ֮ռһ̿ʼѶû仯Ŀܡ
ȮֲԭǧȫԱô
սƴôͲ
漣̻սżʮоˮһ򵥣ȮֵľڳںбأȺ󼸳Ĵսﻹжʣأ
οսƴòȫǾǹֹѾʮּһ֧ģӴԶϷҪļʮţռĹӶԴʳŰˣ
ʮ򾫱ͳͳͶ֮Ȯֲԭûʳ۳ͽƣŵΪ׵ɭɱԭּ֣ǷӥսȥҲһǿߡ
Ϊˣǣŵ¼ʮһϣʱ򶼲֪˭֮һŷ֣δֹڼʮ˹бɵˡ
λֹĹңŵȫûʶһǵһආֽˡ
򡢲ݡ¯ݶȫոˡ
Ȯֲԭ;ƿݣǿ׳ĶԿأ
ֹȨʱ˿̾Ѿ߽⡣Ȯֲԭ嶼ʧأν͵ʴףҪַָԭܿͻָһɢɳ״̬ûκη̵Ŀˣ
صǡ
ûķǳޱȲҵ֮սλսʮʿԡѪ󣬳Էɼʮ򷴿ӡ
ΣԿͽ͡
ۣ֮ȫ֮һս˿ڼԱﵽ֮һֹͳǣϴУӶȫƱԴȫΪūһɱ⣬˿ּԱ֮һ
ֹϹʧŻʧأҿǰ֮ȼ֮ĶħȻȫû֮ԼҲսˣǴֹȻ㹻ס󷽡
ӥһλι
ΪսսʮֳԽӥͬʱ˸ҽսʵûжСˡλʱȲԮֻܽǰʧܾͽѵս׼
ǿūۼ࣬ڻԭֵΪֹṩūۼˣ޽ϷҪɱݻٵͷóڶ׼ūۼ촬װΪδս׼ΪĹϢᣬƵƵɳɧŶȥɸš
ǧͶǿģģģߵģɱģ֮½½ʹʣ˿һС룬սūۡʹԼ
Ůԣ˵˵ģΪŮûȤûȤҲûȤλﱸྭѺʣӴ׽òŮӣһЩңΪȽ鷳ҲȽϳҲǺܶ࣬ҲɲС˿ʧ
֮սң
˿Ѿķ֮һ
ǽڳűʱĽͷȫǵԫϱڣѬ죬ʮǽ壬ӼѾЩðͷĶŮˡСˣһڱݲУﻹ֮񸻹߰ӣֱһȺؤ
ڻˣ
Ǿ֪Ĳǵģ
꣬꣬꣡
ؤ˿޺žۼͷǷǳĵģǽǾŸɢ
ɫ
һиԴǱزձƷǺͱɵģ䰲ȫָӣǰָӹ٣һлҲشʧְ
ֹע𣡡
Ȯֲԭ޷˷ˣ
Ľ漣̻ǣҪؽ԰
ĵæ
áϹơޱޱ¶ʹ飬رǶƸеӨӨֱŰʱ䣬Ǿͱøһĳ񶼶Ƥͷ»Ұڷ
սĲп
ӨӨһǿС
ĹݣǧˮȣȴȻŸʵЩϸ뿴Ҫûг죬Ĺ޷⣬ֻЩ˺õȥ
ȻԼΣȻǿҸС
ӨӨ·ǰؽаɣ
΢΢ͷ޼԰ף԰ˣǱȫ㶨ΨԶ鷢
ԸޱޱÿռֿҩƷͲЩʱȼü֮ϷԮִ֮ܵʱҲûģһ˸ᡣ
ô޸ĹˣԼδսбԭɨ
λսйоضұȽϱأϸ˵ûģֹū࿪ءҪ޽ֻװһܼܹȴʱΨһûϵǣĹһǧ仯̫ˡ
ڴֹˡ
Ĺ򡢲ݡ¯ݣ²ʮ鲿ӣоͰӥʮħЩӸôǺͷ۵⡣
˵
Щߡ
һֱйʿڸߴôǲԵģЩ²߳ɶȮֲԭľӢӥɹ֧ԮģǶѾӥܹõĻܹγһΪڱӥٴԵϡ
·ԼΪŻȮֲԭȮֲԭֲһȨһֹԭԼǲԶġ
ֲһȨô
ͬģִпԲߣȮУֲһȨ̸ף
ʵѵģ齻漣̻ɡ迪ʼıߣɭк֣ܶ顢壬ȫȫһЩʵ㹻ǿȮֲԭֳ⣬˾³ȣӦúȤԭչ̻ɡ
۾һȮֲԭֱȻʦֶҲǼģ³ǵ漣̻ʵ²öʱ䣬ЩͷͶᱻƣǱƳݣ֮еǰ취ǰݵǽŵ¡
ûȫģӥֳͳȮֲԭͳΡȫԭ֮ǶԲԭǶ漣̻ᣬǶа취γ˫Ӯ棬ֻҪԭ岻ǶӥͶǵģ
̽һ£ǰմ𣿡
ʮŻزԭĹҪеܴյġ
öǣֻѡһλʵıֹʱﱱֹȨһܽɨһĴԭ򣬡ʢ糤ֱ뽫Ĺ汲ضӽԺ͸ĹΪİɣ
һ
ԸҲ¶֮ɫǧ׸ϲѣĹԸǶعؽġ
ĿѾˣ
ȻĿǰ˿ʵǴϸĿǰǱͷչٶȣĹĹž֮ģ


457 
ȮֲԭһֹȨһʱľ漣սԼľߡҲãҲգʶһ⣬漣̻Ϊڻɭչһ顣
ɭֱç޼ʵҰʵƻߵĻԭ̸ڸӵúܣɭﰵ漣ɭֵĸʵȴûа취õɭ㹻֧֣ڸտʼоò˶೤ʱ˷͸ͻ׷׽ٶ
Ԥδ漣ǿ϶ᴦܵ⣬˵򹥳ǰկ˽Ӫɣ˵ļɵۺ졣
ܽһʵԴͷţ罨ֳ漣̻ڴͺ䷽ƣʹǧҲܿռƣӶɸõͶʺչ
ֹĿȨʹˡ
⽫漣̻еһ
оıƽԭƽԭ֮֮㣬ƽԭƽԭȮֲԭҼԭߴüǧƽı߽ȻȻӲֻ̫ޱѡ
Ȯֲԭռƽԭİٷ֮ʮ˳ûκգδпܳΪһԵ֮ءȮֲԭǲë֮أ鼸ǧԭʮ˿ڡԴȫкܴ󿪷ֵ޷޴鲻ÿˡ
ȮֲԭȨһ
ĹҲܸܴ֧֣Ϊȶ١Դÿɺ͹ⱾϼĴĹĺ棬ϱͨδûսĳ
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ֳİȻפȮֲԭǰߣסȮֲԭʽ³ȴ˾Ȯֲԭ̣ŵҲ취ԭ£ִַ֣ٵ̺˿ڣȫԼıˡ
ҶĶ
رǰ³ȣ³漣̵ϯ˾Ҳ֪ȮֲԭرʺϽ̵ģȮֲȣٲʹսܣڽֵʱֻҪ漣̻ṩ֧֣ͳеһ
ֻ³һǣԥ˵ˣԭãɭȴ̫ңԶȻֱӵݣǴݸϵȮ֣ҲҪüʱ䣬ֻֽӦϡ
ѵ벻⣿ǷİɣҲšݵȮ֣еΪЧĻһᾡڱֹһδֹ漣Ǵͨͣʱء
ڲϲ
һϢ
ԭҪд漣Ǻ԰ʲô漣߾ߣõԹ⣡Щɷſֽб
³뿪
ȮֲԭдȻĶࡣüͷʣǣʵò촫Ĳˡ
Ҳǳͷ۵⡣
ĺĲ֮еǡ
ǿռ侧ʯȴȫʹˡ
뾫ϴѾù⣬ּϡвŪŪֵģûѡֻȥңŬȥң
˵ǷͷȥѰңС㸺ɭչ룬ȥΧһЩгҿܻջġ˳ҲᣬΪ漣̻ͨг̽̽
ֹȨһһϦܽġ
漣̻ǮԴǲȱģһнʱˡ
˻漣ǣ漣Ȼٷϴˣɲܳʱû䣬Żȥԣܹĺϵͳ
ɭƼºģչϺЭֹȨΪڣ㵽תһתҲͲŻȥˣϹޱޱ˶Ȼ죬һʱ߲ģֻʵʵŴСسǡ
һܺ
ǬĹΪģ
أΪչҪĹݳΪ¯ݡݲ䣬ͱո汲ʧأܹ¸Ϊ߸ݿĹ򱱼չϡ򶫣ռһЩأݿĹܹӵʮݿһ࣬ӹĹѾһʵĴˡ
·ַ⿤Ϸȫɼ漣̻ᵣҪְڴĹŲ͵λͳϽ綫ȻǧסϹ塢ϹټΡ
ĹΪرĹ漣̻ʹĹ֧ͬ漣̻Ὺ蹤СѵӪȡκ˰
⣬챻׷⡰Ĺʿѧ߳ƺţξ豻ְλǬĹٷ벻漣̻ᣬ漣ֽ׶ҲҪĹǻݷʵֹӮ
ζʲôùĵģ
˵ǰλҲû̫ȤοͷԵͷΣĴĸܷʽ͹䣬ûгϯ
ʱ˿̣һһСλŮѾڴԭˡ
ԹΣҲ̴ӨӨڴԭʹʹһȦ
ӨӨ÷ǳģԭȻͬһܶʱι۸ż䣬ڵ׳۳棬ûѹȣûڻвгߣһҰӪ¶ޣһˣֱһĵļʱ֮һ
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ףӨӨݺݵߣҸ㣬鲻һŵģҲˣҪٲ֣ҿɲˣ
Ȼװɵ㶣ӨӨ㵽˵ʲôΪʲôһ㶼أ
ӨӨ۵ĸ飬ͻȻͱɶһƻˣ˵ôףһﻹҪװɵúһվҪߣźڰɣҲˣ
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ӨӨ˵öԣЩ鲻ĥĥûӨӨв۾ϸŮҼ䴫㣺ǽ£
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쵰ﵽʲô˶ûʽȻֱӾ裬һ˼άʵ˺ѽܣӨӨԶ쵰˼ά
㣬㡭
㲻ԸⰡɿ֣ʼ˵Ǿˣ
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üͷȻŮ٣Ҹ㣬֮£ӨӨʶ磬˸Ҳġ
Сһ绪Ĵˡ
κһ˶ܲġ
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һ˵ֵ̫ǿҵĴʵѾܵ͵ˣҶ췢ģҴûκˡ
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½ûһһ޵ƶȣŮֻҪ㹻㣬ӵж²֣һȽձ顣
ӨӨԼһСۣȴһʮֿ̱СˣãͷյҪԱ
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Ա
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ˣһ̰ӨӨͷ棬ƴҹѧϰ㾢ŬͷЭռֿ⣬æ쾫þȵȡ
ӨӨ費һûʲôҵģҲûʲô־ֻ׷϶ѡ
Ѿͷ⣬ô߰ĶʲôоŮӶìܵ飬΢΢һЦ¾գϲӨӨԶǶһ޶ģ˭ҲȲˡ
˵꣬΢΢ͷסŮ촽
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ʲôʱʹ
ֻҪų;úֺܿ㡣
۳Է˯ʱоһڶԷϣߵĺǶԵȥһ˿˼һûп;ޱȿ顣
ӨӨ϶кøеġ
ȴһֱû̫ţһʵ̫ͻȻӨӨо޴룬һʱ䲻֪ôӦˣƹˤɣ
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һȡ
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ӨӨˣֲеιιåͬ͵˵
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γɴⲻǽ̻ռĺʱô³ϣܷ漣̻Ŀռֿ⣬㹻ʳȼЩ
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ȮĵطܽеǳӨӨվһ࣬Ȯ೤ǧ궼ǻйϵݲֽȥֻ·𲻺Ч
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һ
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˻ƵͳùģѧԼ˫Ȯ÷ǳ˵һͨĻͿʼΪˡ
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һֶԼߵ΢ͼ没һ֮̾ͻķֳܷڳθѪҺУԪʹܾĥҽӴȾԼߣһ˵òӴ˶⣬Ȯֲԭֶλҩҽ
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նϢѾѸٴ½½иʮ޳װصʳﹻ˳԰¶ǰЩأ
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ЩֲʳȻһ֧֧Сװõҩˮ
ЩµˮֿʼţˣЩˮܻǲʹҴʳΪǶɹѹأ
ز³ȣ˶㵡
ҩˮβҺ˵ӣ
Ѻ«һڿӡͭͭǽ̻ļߣԸһɫʡ
˵һнܾԴ˵ھռ붦Уݶʳ
Զˡôܣ
³Ⱦɣ»ᴩҲֱʣֻðźҾͰʹߵĻȥɣǲƭͽģ
ࡣ
ݣԭҪж٣
ͭʮӲͱ̵ˡ
켤ͭӡԪ󣬴ͭ̾ӿһݷ·𶼱ݻ̾ͱѹһ̲״Ķ
װŪһƿҩˮȥ
˼ͷˣ״Ѹٷ仯նתһƸĶʹù決ģɢζ
飡
ͭһơ
иͳͳŮɢɢЩͼӣŵζ֮ȫǶˣǴ㣬ֻҪܻܳԵȥ
ŵǣɸӣζȻ൱ĲҪǵָԽԸоѸٺת
񼣣
񼣰
ȮһжùĤ
ѵȮΪʲôȥģΪ棡ݶܱɸôȮȮֲԭֽô޴ı仯
ѾˣغѲݱʳȮ֣ԭѾ޴ʳЩʳﲻܽϵزΰͣٲüܿˣ
³ȶԳͶء
˼ٶֹͷȻ˵Ҳܽ⣬ɱԽϸ߲˵ȡЧȴǰ޹˵ķȻѲݱʳһڶʱڣΪͽ
һ̫Ưˣ


459 
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漣̻ԮлɭڶȡóɹĻƲһۣҲˣԼȥ̷Ծˣ
³Ȳǣǣһɹ
Ȯֲԭûˡ
Ҳڵ˰
ʱǬ죬Ѿ׼йͼϣϣæϣشĹһˡ
ǨλõȥˣڱΪȻ׶ǼӻأǱһسǡ
֮󣬸鷳ҲͽˡǽһжѣһΪ֮⽻ȼԶ߳СһΧСҪ˰ϡ
ʱҽ࣬Ǹӹϵ򲻴ԵεĿǣһͬʱּͬôȻᴥȵߵӰ
ֹӥû취ĹǶһ³ΪôףΧҶԴĹˣЩСޣҲȥǣҪľǸ㶨һЩǿ
챾񲢲ͻҪѰϧޱȵĿռ侧ʯܲܵСȥѰҰɣȻ˾˳ˣõͼ֮󣬳ԴĹʿݿʼá
һе㲻ӨӨ漣֮ͧϣôҰݱʳأЩֻҰݣΪʲôβĹأ
ʵѽͣȮֲԭ֣̺Ƚϳ棬ԭȺ˵̺ǿħṹͬ޷հˡͣһּ˵ҲҩˮԪЩݱգȷʵά裬Ӫֵߣʺϳʳá
ӨӨ¶ԭ˵ı飺ô˵ʳܹβҲҩˮ˽ҩ
Ҳвʱ
ޣűأ
ڿ֣ͧԱߣֻǶһ裬ľͷһԲ
ӨӨˣ׼ȥأ
һȮֲԭΪĵĴͼȮֲԭƺйҽһĸСֻ⼸Сͼ˿ڱĹСѱ̲ӥĸڼСһȻͼ޷ӥȫòǹ¶һ־̩ͬɽѹڱ
ӥսǸΨһսӥӥΧûʲôȤģΪսҶĹϵЩطггҵҪĲϿԲ̫
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ž
ӨӨûʲôӳ
һֱ꣬ͻȻ΢΢һﱭֱˤڵϱ÷顣
ӨӨʣôˣ
ʶԼʧ̬ûûʲô
ӨӨ󣬳ҲĳЩܰŮһֱǳһ㣬пܲĹˣոյķӦѵܹеϵ
ܹȼĴ̫࣬Ϊ״ǳأһۣ߰ͬʱӥȮֲԭģɭֱӻӵĽӴ
ܹԶʱڣһ䷱֮أĴкżܹǽ˴кŲ֮ϣ˴ִܹлཻ棬һ͹ңûй̶͹ײ㣬ҪͳһС
ܹһȽϽڰʵǿһڰԴĹʿݰݷôܹ£ܹĹˡ
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Ĵһ壬ٷֲֹΪǰ棬ôӥԿ£ܹڱ޷¡
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ܹɽ֮䣬Ŷཨ˼Ķ츣أ׳ʵǿ󣬴󲿷ֳĳһ״ѣǸҩֳޣնŴϹԴ˷ʽñ
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ΪˣɽǶ̷Ϊְ𣬴˶ѡųΪŵӣ츳㹻ĻѡнɽʽΪڵŵӣӶǧĹϴС
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˴֮һʸݷõģҪΪһͷʨվߵڵĴţҪĳĻҵǿԸһᡭ¶ձ飺һ˫ܰŮãҲһ˴ӦҲһ


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ͷӶʲôһƽʱϰߺаԵűڳԲ¼Сˡ
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һСܵǼڵųϣвٳڣҲŵˣʱܹҲеλģСܸҲܸ㣬ֺαظһСӸ磿ƺѾӨӨ֮ҲϲǿʶȤԾ򡭡
ҡҡͷӨӨҪ̲סͱǿˣﻵӿɲãš
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ӨӨҫ۵Ԫâһ澵ӳͷӾֳ︡һֻ˶ޱȵĻԪӿķȻ쳹֮ϡ
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ӨӨľԪҪǸƣоԣ̫߼Ԫ̫꣬߼Ĺûа취ƣ⸴ԪЧԵģγڼ֮ͻʧ
ӨӨԪ꣬һһֱ澵˵ѾͷʵߺܶడԪҲʵɳߣܹһþˣȻԪϣȴҲһǳǿսԪ꣡
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ܻ滯һԾ޴ȶֱŻϢΧʣһƿͻ֮Ů
ϹҲˡ
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Ҳܹ
ӨӨս٣ʵֺܿ죬Զû
ˣʲôѾˡҡҡͷϹԳ־㷢ʮ֮һҲ㹻ЩһյҶʣȻܸƻԪ꣬Ȼ侫裬úúŬ
ӨӨõ϶üЦ˵ǣ
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ѰζĿ꣺ԴܹƺǳϤ
Ͳµˡ
һһӡǳ·񣬵ֱͱôܹ֪ڣ
죬ֻײİԼٶȴһڹľǻɫӡԷģһڹľɫģӡŴԷġ
ȻȫͬǴŹϵŨŨʬͶУԷǳٶȳ
ŵĸ֣
ױ˫ӣ
һ츳õ֮һ
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̫գ̫ɶˣǵôģ
Щ϶龳ĸְΪʲôᱻɽ棿
ӨӨԽԽɽţе㷸ֹԽԽ治֪ôճҲãȰڽѵһ飬ȻܹʱȥžͲСˡ
˽һ
޼ΪڸħȻԲزҪĴй֮һ֮Ӷǧ򻯣ݻаȣ˹ĪʮѲ
ͷħֿħ䣬Ҳֲֻܿܡ
޼Ѿǻŭ
ЩһҽٳųΪʣҪǴȥ浴Ȼ޴棬Ϊ֮ƾΨһٽܣܻΪŮ

޼ûв׾˼̽ԷһΪȻսˣԪǿǵ޼ȫù˼ԪģǿԸˡ
ʮͷĹ
һŸ޼ֻ࣬û¶һðĸʬ˫ֳһϺɫðŹĹͷ󵶣Ƽ˸Ʈ̼ͳڳ˷
ⲻͨħʮûɣÿһ߱ѷɫʿʵʮͷԪҪͬʱ֣¾ΪҲһˡ

Ǹʵ
ڵһܡ
ʮսټӸսͬǿһսϾǸλȨءԴĹҲ˵ʮͲҪĶôֲԴȥƣֵλʵһͬǿǲʲôֵ顣
һЦǱǸħܸһս
ڲԣ޼ͷʮɳһĿʮʧʱ˷ɱÿйͷʮ׳йͬʱ
챻ȫ·˵ֵûбѡ
ǣʥҲס˰ɣ
ҪʬɲǣʮҺһһը类ȫ͵С׺ǰС곤һھȫ̵ˡ
ʲô
޼ʮƵ¶ŵı飬˲䣬â΢ٶһ¡
˫ɰɫÿռ츳һԾܿ
ռ䣡
ռ츳
޼һδ󾪣תȥʱѾվ޼ħԪ걻ڤͷŵ£޼һûüȻԭʧˣ˵Ӱͬʱ߳ˡ
˸ʵ壬˸۹ڤն
һ㲻£ʩչǿУ޼ְ˵Ŀ⣬ͬ쵽ٶȺ͵Ϯ޼ʵҲֵֻܵס彣ͬʱϡ

޼ҽһ幦ƣȻûбж飬ҲѾܵشӸ߿ֱӵȥ
ڵӶˡ
ųϱץλ߸ԷܣѵҪһͷ
ħ״̬ץס޼ὣڲϡ
ӨӨ¶ϲɫֶһ²ˣ
ôܺúթһˣ
Ǽǧʷţǻûпռ侧ʯ
޼Ȼʶʵ˵Ҳأڤȴ̫ΪҪѹڵڤڸڲֿΪôԻ뿪̫ɽ𣿡
Ͳǲˣ˵㳡ϣһֻץ޼һֻֻ賤ԱˣǸҲҵˣھ̸һ̸ɣ
ӣ
Ȼͼ²ţ
Ǿץϡץ͸ˣ
̫ɽֽһ³Ҳɳ̫ɽ̫ɽɽһֻ̼佫ʣʲô
ǳϺ͸ȷʵ²ˡ
ڸ߲󲿷Ҳһܴͷ˵ġ
ԳǴĹʹߣҿֻǸŮ˴İְɣҸǣûϣģѾɨˣһʲô粨Ȼ֪ʲôˣԲִܹ飬к³ģ
޼ҧгݵأֻˣĹոսαظܹɽ֮һ̫ɽַӲŻ飡
ǳǸ
Ի·ȷʵڳˡ
Ĺ治֪ݡ
屻Ψһһ©֮㡣ҲܹΪʲôһˣǼϹΪ䣬Ϲʮꡣ
ͷνܻŪģռƣڴ߲ӡˣЩӦòðգôһо̸ء
˿ʼ޿ֲڵˡ
Ļ˷ַӾܻݳǻ漣ǣ˳ִ߼ʡ
ǣڳܹɱˣ;ᶼ޷ǿڣֿ΢΢ҪǵƾĻҪ˵޼ֻɫǻǿҲһɱˡ
ϴôûг֣˵
ߣչأСţ
ʮӣὣ޼ϣңҾͿһ
㡭
ˡŭɶʱдһѾˣ


465 
ʮӰ̧һɫˮɵĹ餣ΧʵѪУʣ̤նˣŨŨɷһǿҵѹȸС
ӨӨеţĺҪˣ
΢΢üǧʬ
ʮ̧˸ǻˣȻʮʬǲʺʬëаɷѪʬⶼǱ׼ʬʮΪʬÿһԼܴﵽء
ʮʬԺдܹëȻĵطڣʮʬĿʮ˫۾ۼȻԶԶؿųһ
װŪ
ͷĵʶɨʬ壬ȷʬ΢˼;ڲ˵ʮʬĳ̶ֳǻֽۡʶмײ͸ȥ
䣡
ɫﱬǿʶ˲Ͱѳʶ赲⣬˫ʶռײʶûͻƶԷʶγɵϡ
ʶ֮ɫﴫһȴͨĵʶֱӴݵ˼ȥģôһ㣡
ûʶԹ
Ȼһ߱ĵʶ־ʶѾֱӰ쵽ĿˣӲ򵥵ĵطʶǿȱȳ컹Ҫһ㡣
ô
ȻɽɫΧڹ餵ʶͻȻ۳һɻΪεʶ֮Ȼͨʶϸ˽ȥ
ʶǿȱȳԸߣǳʶΪεʶ֮ôʶϾһĭһܹơ

ʶ˲䷢ʮ̧ʬľżߣ̾ڰյ䣬Ҳˤͺֱڵϡ
֮ɫ
Ϊʶ̽ʱģǰȻһһ׶ЩǱСŮʮңδѵӡ
ûɣһƣһδСƨ
δ꣡ȻһӰǳոռСŮɫͺһûмҰܣССӴһĺɫӣէͺһһ۾ǰɫģ¶βĳ죬ڵʮ˴ӣǰѾʮˣ
ݼ
ݼ
ڵʿ׷ߵݣȻòˣʵϲ򵥣ǧܳšħʬħ󷨡ͨڤ󴫳йԲ磬ԴһŹֱԼ龭
ŹΪѷɫɽй
˵ڵȻɽᣬȴǵ֮ĵţ
ȴһЦ
ʮСŮȷʵҪЩظ࣬ʵӦòʮֻ꣬ĳرĹֻرѪͳʵ£ʼձʮСŮӡ
ʮʬ׷վصߡ
ССƯʮʬм䣬û˿ΪոճһưͿôеǳûӣ˿δС¶׺ݱ飬ȴƫƫҪһ˵һʶΪδ̫ɽ°ˣ
춴Ϥʵ
Ϊ鼶ʵ治ܶԸģ
οܸоԪǳŹۺ񣬶ֹϴйֶԲ磬սǱȿЩҪĶࡣ
ûпڣ޼˵ǸŮǴĹǿ϶Ϊ˴屨Ҫǣ̶֡
ӨӨһֱ顣
ЩûɣΪ屨ûе£
壿ܱ壬壬ɽֲ磬˭ֲ֪֧ļһѪ֮һֱ躹ͼʵ֮λͼܹ߹ƿ磡һ߻һ˵ò˵ͳɹˣʮǰʵȷʵѾܽӽɽֻü˵زȷʵǺ˲ѪʿС
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ôˣ
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ͷ
˵е
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Щһ϶ˣ
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Ӿ˵ǴĹǴѾȫκγŵ֪ǱʲôҪΪɽԣǾԲǵģ
ʼ磺ôôǣ
ǽ͸λϣνĴܹԶһͽ䣬巢ķŹǣ
ޣΣӨӨǲŲѱ㽻أб¾ץѽ
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ЩһﻹĿˣ
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Ȼô˵һϷЦЦ˵ʵԶʬ֮ƵʬսʬӮˣǾ̷ˣ˾ЭǺʹܹؽ壬ȻʱҲԾܾ˹˺ƱݡΣ
ӺЦЦĴЦҲ
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ȻҪʬ֮ѲóʮʬʬӨӨ΢΢һ£Ȼ׳ʲôųӰЩšؽ壿ǿЦɣ
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ͷųʮȫ߸Ӷʬ֪˵ʬȼΪɫʬɫʬʬʬǵʬĳ̶ȣʬᱻë壬һųܲʬɣ
ʮʬʮֹ죬ųʬ࣬ʬ΢һ㡣
ôƵģ
ѧ
ʲôѧģӲм˵Ҿ㿴龭֮µʬж
ûʲô
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ˣʶôΪʲôеʱʶոһʧ֣ʬɥʧơ
ֻʬıԣӵĸոݣҪǸʶſƣôľ־ԶϣʱҪҲ
ʶʬʮַ㡣
ҲΪˣóʶ֣ӿʬĿǡӾ֪Լȱݣ԰ʶôǿܹûԿǵһ
ʼ磺Ȼ˻Ǻбģʲô¾
˫ֿӡʮӡֱʮʬϣӡ⻯
ʮʬ·𱻹עĳ
𣡡
ʮʬ׷ͷųǿȻȫγԪ꣬ξҲһʲôʬҲԪ꣡
ӵЦںڿˣ


466 ӵľ
ʮʬ׷ͷųԪ꣬ЩԪǳرһõз硢лˮаףԶͬЩóԶ빥Щóⲫ
Ҳ߶£Ԫžͷ˳
ӼϡŹֵԪ꣬СԪꡢӨӨľԪ꣬װԪ꣬ЩϱȽƫϡԪꡣЩ⣬ɽΪԪ꣬ɭΪԪ꣬ΪԪ꣬ҲһħΪԪꡣ
˵⣬ٹŹ֣ҲˣɵԪʱһĿɿڴĸо
ΪĵľռݽһƬҰѾŨҵϢʴһһĹΧ𣬾ڼʱγһĹ԰
Ĺ԰
Ԫû
仰˵ӵԪꡣ
һԪһĹأ
ûмȻԷĹΪԪģǴǧ治аӵĹԪеʮĹѾͿˣĹԪͷųʮԪֱڽʬڣӶʬԪ
ÿһʬӶĳϵ
ѾӻԪʹùһѧѾͨԪ꾡ʬڣÿʬӵ״ԲĹ
ǱԴġ龭ֻŲشЦʮʬͬʱڣڴӿ˵ʬʲô⣿
򶼻ûʼȲҪ˵󻰡
ãǾף
ʮʬħڿն𣬴겻շ׷׾ۼ˫֣۳һɾ޴ɫӡ
ӡ
ʮ˸ֻᶼûС
ʮޱȵӡɨǼֱûа㷴֮˲Ϣ֮߷ݰ㱻ɣӨӨһĻ°ͶˣҵѽЩʬҲʩչֶ
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ӨӨ˵ôôĹ
ʵ׹ҲȱݵģΪʬûԪӡһ˵Ҳ˵ӰԪʮԪͷųԪͻѾϵˣԪֱʬҲ˵ӻúȻȻʿʵʧȥԪӳֻͨʵ
ӨӨ̾˵˵ԼȻԱô˵Ǻ
˷ܸһõǵĺӣˣȫˣʬһ
˼Ԫ꣬˼Ĺһ˲Ű°ͿӣҷеϲˣɴҰɣ
һģѾˡ
Ļû˵̻ȥΪһ򵹵̣³Դ˿һֻֻվҿȻδҵӡȻһƤûвƣƤͭƤĥɣһֵǹظС
ʬеŹ֡
ԾĻںͷ
ӺһǽʵôͲŻƵʬٴδ߶ʬȫʩչ
ӡ
ʮֽ
ħӰն

ʮʬչʾʵӻģʮʬȫᣬԲĹϸ·ǿѧ⹥籩ң
һһδУһδֱͦͦվ
ⲻ˫ֻǰڿϷ
ӣʮӣʱһһƣӵ龭Ӿ㵡Ȼ󼸺ɾת䣡
ʲôֶζôҹҲûãںܶʱָ
ԽԽ
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ΪʲôأѵЩʬǲ֮
Ц˵һָó»û뵽ô޼ƿʩˣʬƺҲô
Ӳ԰СʱһڣʮʬһֱӵĽʱ˿ڳ͸ЦһֱǺݺݼ̤ϣܲŭ
䱾˵ʵֶԼ˵̫ƽϾʵһԺ󴫳ȥ˻˵۸СŮģҽٻһʽʬվһֻҪסһһ£ζԼ䣡
̫̫
ӱס
ʼ磺һССĺĽ飬ҪʵڲܣôҲûа취ͼôȥɡ
ҧ顣
ʮʬ޷κʮ̣ʬѾһ룬ټ¾սˣãȻôţôҿ㵽ʲôŵıǮɣ
ʮʬ׷˻عһ͡
ǻ䴫˲γһɫ磬ÿʬֳһɫУ˫ͬʱ
˵ħħγɵ˫ƽ⣡
һ߳һ⣬ǰɫƤַģһʵĹνȫ΢Ѹٻһѩ״ϼʵʵ
ʮоųȻǿȲߣǸһָ߸ٰĸо̵ҲѸٻۣͺӻ㼯һγ
͵ؽֱһƤӿѪҺ
Ӹոչôãʼ̾ûнһѪںûѪһʱ˿̰ɫѪҺȴ˳ֱۻλʣһֱϡ
׼á
ҵĹҪˣ
УͷţҲ۵壬һ֧ȥڵ嵽ʮʬǰâ貵㣬Ȼ̧ұۣصһȭںɫ硣
̰ɫâ׷ױӿұۣ˳ȭͷųȥʱ򣬰ɫâѾӴ֮ɫϸ˵̫ǿңصĵزǿ˵ǲײġ
һˮ겼һҽϣɵĽȴȫһģ̱ͼڸƽκͺڰѪӳ֣ɫֿضûУһ˲䱻ȫķ顣
ʬƻ幦ȫ
ʮʬͱҽˢһ˲߿ð̱役ڣһֱͦͦĵڵϡʱͷŵڵȫ֮󣬴ʱ˿Ҳֱͦͦĵ˵ϡ
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Ϊʮʬ
˿ȴһһȭܣ
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ӾܻĶͽ
һߵĺӡ
֮Լ׵Ժ°ȫɱ⣬ҲҪɵɶһ쵰Ѫȫˣ
αضŭأʬûб٣һ޻õġɱͷŭһǷ˵̵֮ͨɫܿ𣿡
ӺȻֳĬˣǴܺ;ɥ
¶ޱĽ֮ɫƵʬЩ̱ȣƷʾʯͷͼƷʯ֮Ĳࡣ
һֳƻ˵Щ̶ҵƷָպһʣϣܰʬҲ̡
𣿡¶ϲ飬ƺǶԳߺޣ־㲻ҪΪڡ
Сãô˵Ͳˣҳϲռ˱ˣرδˡҡҡͷǺ漣̻һʵֹӮ
׼СãͻҪ󣡡ʲôȵȣ˵ǳ죿漣̻ĳ죿
Сǲʤңôܺú̸һ̸𣿡
Ȼ̸õ
ſ޼ֶӻ֣⣬̽ӡڳϻǶӱ״̬нų
ôͷʣҲ̫˰ɣ
ڵһˣ̾Ҫ˷Χ
£ӽһֹŵӣһۣõǣȻǸǽȥ̸ɣ


467 ̸
΢Ц̸һȣСſڼŹǷ꣬ұӨӨʮ̵֪ܰˣΪĳλҴ٣ӵұŮڱڻ֮²μӲ軰أ
γԱȵǶʮλ߳ŭڳϡ޼ȵȣЩ˶ǴܹպŶôܹһ𣬴˿ֻܸɵ۶ûѳô
ΪʲôҪ쵰̸У
һﺦ澡ʧҪǴȥǧͶûˣ̫ɽͳϺڣ
ɱɱ
˷ŭ
һΪԭµģѾӰǻôɽ֮һ̫ɽߵģǧ۵ʣĪҪһƿС
ССӺʮټһ˿ĺɫӣһޣаƣȴڶͷ룬һֵֺĸо
۳Ϻ͸ôŭʼûʲô̫仯һ˫ںڵĴ۾ǳų죬׳ûΪʲô޿֣
صΪͼʮʵ׵ĳϻƾӢʿɱˣζӲŶԡ
޵Į꣬۵ӨӨֻĪĳ죬ʼվûбֳǣ˵Ǿ̵ģô̵ĵ׻ʲôأ
ι˵СܲЩһͼһ죿컻һƿϣҪ̸ݹϵڵˣֵʲô
˵һ飬׼СãƺǳʹνСһʯΪѾ̫ɽΪ𺦣ڿǵⲻʲôǸôһ
漣̻޺ġ̫ɽôҺܱǸⲻҵĳԡ˵΢ʧδ⣬ܱȱ˵ĺáĻвûʲô𣬡ܹɽΪʱĻˣܺܿͻһϴƵķ籩ԸԸ⿴һᷢκͼ赲˳ֵˣᱻݺƬ
̫ˣ޼ŭ𣺡ƾҲ߸ɽ
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λ϶ʱþҪˡ
Ŀһе̬ȣ쳰ĿЩһ̣
СִǰĿһЩ⣬᳤֪ȤҲ֪漣̻ȷʵЩҪףкܶණǿԪʯġ
ĳ˵Ϊûʲô̸ģԪʯģʮ飬ٿ飬飬ڿ飬ǧڣڿأ¶һջЦݣܸĺô㹻࣬Ȼкѣ
Ц¶ɰС͹Ҿһ᳤ܳʲô۸񣿡
ڣڳΪܹһڣͨСҲãɽҲգ̫ܶɽɫ˵
һ˫ۡ
һ֪֪仰ʲô
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ѵڹ
컰û˵ָ꣬ͷ֮ڣڵķֶ沼ΧССʮңڳΪһͼڵǿţҲڳΪ
͸ں˵˵ˡ
ӿЦ᳤ǻ˵Цأƾ漣̻ǵȻֺڣδ̫Ц˰ɡ
Сô룬ôֻ˵漣̻᲻˽⡣
ɶ񣡡ŭУһưʯһ飬Ҷ˵˱ڽСˣ
Ͳŭ㿴ұʮ˸̣㻹漣ֻ̻һ̻ͨ𣿡
ߣҳǲƷôӿʱ۾ǿҿġ龭̷ôжôǿȻ޷֤ԼѵΪһͷŵ¾ͶҪ֧㣿̫Լˣ
˵Ҳеһתпռ侧ʯ𣿡
ռ侧ʯܷǳȻ̫ɽͳȻЩģЩʲô
Ǿͺ˵ˣ˵̰ʮʬǾÿռ侧ʯ֧ηðɣ˵Բ
ܰҵʬ̣
УʣĲѾˣȻọ̈̄Ҳ޼ˣܾ߱ӽǿĻָԼҵܱ֮Ϊ̡
֪ܸôЩ⣬˵ӵǿĻָԻкܴջÿռ侧ʯԲԿ
ռ侧ʯϡУʲô
޷ǾǴһЩ﹤߶ѣ
̾ûҲǷǳѲǿĿܣּɱɱĹ־в׵ʵӶŹת֮£ȫ⻯Ծпֲʵǿһء
Ҫǣ
ֹǲ˥ȫܹΪһȥ
Ҫռ侧ʯʲô
ҴΪڽһһڽã̾ܲ츲ر仯˵ﲹһ䣺Ҫעǣ޳ͣºǷͬ漣̻ΪѡǷ
أ
ô൱漣̻ڵ֮һ漣̻УС㣬ӴԺ漣̻Աˡ
ɫ䡣
󵨣
ҰģȻʳڣ
û˵ŻɣʵǺ֣
Ӹҧгݣñ̻ܵﵱԱ
Ҫ˵ô硣һЦǽӲܲҪѡȨѡ񲻱Ҳǿֻܲ˻ղϡǣҲܻʮ̣ⲻôڶǲģ
ϸ˼һ
֪ʲôӦòΣհɣȫԱ߿ţҲʲôӡ
ãİͬ⣡ͰǸʲôҵ뿴㵽׻ʲô
ڰﴢռ侧ʯóˡ
һһ˾ȫռӨӨĽ졣ʣѪȥӸıʬˡ
Ҫü졣
ûϵ첻һʱ


468 Ѫĸ
⼸Ϊʱ֮࣬쵹Ҳûţÿ̷ҩΪ
漣̻ڻɭв൱İµСгԴԴԴӿ漣ǣԳҸʿ
ӶͳһƿҩͨɢΪ֡
ӨӨÿܳԵĵҩֵܵͨɢȫ
֮£츳ƽӹһܳΪǿߡ
ȻˣչȻͨʥҩΪЩʥҩƳɵҩܹΪṩЧȻҪѭ򽥽ɳʹ˺Ȼһ˲ͻһΪĵر漣̻ᵱǰҲõֶҪһԵ
쾭һս̷赤ټһʱľӦѾȶһ۷ˡ
죬Ȼоĳƺ졣
ΪĻˣ
첻˷״̬һרõıչɽ̫ɽǴܹɽ֮һֶ츣ǳԣʺûָΪֱȡһ֮ġ
ǹⲻ忪ʼת
оһޱȾǳ֮Źϵ͸ڣ첻һǻԣǿǻǿȱԽԽߣⶼâ֣Ѿһˡ
֮ԽԽСˡ
ôһֱ֮תɵǳάִʮ꣬ͳͳսڣβϳÿһϸÿϸ΢ܸ졣
ҫ۰׹ɫȻı䣬ڿһʧˣͳͳһɲͷųȥ
䣡
̫ɽ죡
ƮվڸͰǰϲʤĶѪеʮ̣ȻһĪڹɽţӸϽɳȥվʮ׵ĸ߿ա
ԶԶȥһǻձ˲ʣһƬǺչ쾰Χߣ¶ǳͳԾǲ֪ʲô顣
ССգһźµСޣܸоԣǼַǿѲѷɫ֪κһŴԲĹѵŹĸǿ
⵽źε񹦣
Ӳ뵽ѧŹͨ龭̶߱ķʵֻһߣ

̫ɽ
ĳɽ¡

һʱ䣬꾭оѪա
ǰսУһټѪһʱջ񣬵Ѫ֮ΪһʱͻͽҪѪзӡսȻͬն
һͷڳñ֮ɫһķ׵ɫ˿ɵһ룬üʱʱͺʸ˪ȴֳ׵
ǴѪȫı־
壬ܹЩԼݡ
ܹʱոʮ߰꣬Ϊһû֪ȥĵطǱѧֱûʮ֮һֻأʽֻˡ
٣㣬ôһ˿Ϧأ
һǳ컹˭
ͷȥʱ̷ֳЩͬѰһ޵ĹУֹ޷ֱģΨǹⲻܸо
ԭոնŪģĹͻˣ궢ų쿴˼˵ΪҲͻˣ
Ů˶ʲôʱôǿˣ
ûдѾԲΪֱӴﵽأʿѾĶˡ
ҿ𣿡
һѿӷƨľٴû˵ѵ˵𣿡
첻Աһੲ˵㣬㲻̹ϣΪʲôǰôִ֪͸ܹҲ٣ƾǵֶκû⡣
ü
ʣôвף
ĮȻϸֳһ˿ãȻ֪ǼѪ⣬ȻܹǶԸ˼ܴӰ졣
첻֣ʱӰ˼룬οѪֶôʲôӰ죿
еĮرƵи֪Į顢顢顭Ǽ嶼ˡ괹ͷ΢΢һ̾˵ոܹкޣЩҲѾܵˣѾǲĸֳĸоȻôִȴûִеĶҲҴ˵Щԭ򣬶Ҳû뵽漣̻ôʱɽ
ˡ
ǴԸ䵭ģʲôûȤҲϲ˽Ӵѧ֮⣬Ȼûá
Ϊ£ǰµģû뵽ǼŴ
ʵ㲻Ϊ˿աŷһͷߣкܴԱģ
΢΢㵣
¶Цݣ㿴ңôӢôвŻôᷢԼ֪İңôͺô

һְΧɶסˡ
æˣģЦѣŮ˸оˣԷŭ֪ͷӦҲ̫˰ɣ
˭˵Ҹо겻֪Ƿŭôģѩɫ΢΢Щ죬ٶֻۣǳٶһ㣬㶮ô
¶飬ŶϵñҲ˵㻹пܰҵģҿɾ㣬Ůˣ
⸱ֻּӣ𣺡ȥ㣡
ʱɽ¶׶챻׶Ů׷ɽʮǱЩʱӨӨʱͨѶԭѾˡ
ָֻƽʱӣСȥɣ
һЦ㣬ʵ㲻Ǹ˵ӶͦɰģԾͲҪŸˣû¶ЦЦ
ÿ쿴㣬ôЦó
仰ѳҭòᣬŮҲģǶʱҲͦ˵Ⱦܣ⵽ԷĹ
ų뿪ӰĿ΢΢£̾һڣмǳΣҲȥ
ŬӨӨڰѴˡ
ڳϵĴӵг֣Ŵۣ¶ɵı飺ҪĶʲôã
֮Ƕȥʱعͷ˵ٲ˿죬漣̻ܲ
ñȥĹ
ӨӨ죬˵ǵܲ漣ǲŲǴĹأ漣ǻɭвһУ
ûɣ
ɭ֣
Ŀɿڴˡ
漣̻ڻɭ֣ôأɭݴ˺ֹʮǵöʱһˣοɭ쳣»ʿҲұ֤ƽƽһˡ
Աߴضǣ漣Ҳддͣ۰ǧǶ˲ϢִȥԼéһ㡣
仰ʱˡ
һ˫ںڴ۾¶Ȼ֮ɫѵ˵ܾ
ֹӳһ֧֮ƬľᣬĴ;ᣬоͻ趨͵ص꣬־֣ߵﶼ˲سǣҲлسǾᣡСã֪ļֵ𣿡


469 ǿ
һɻǽˡ
ô޿ֵڴ֣ԭһЯ˲伤ĻسǾᣬ̾ߣ̫ɽ͸ֽƾҲûõģ½û˵зռĽƣ
ռ͸ɵǡ
ʵƫƫȫȫû⣬Ϊĵڣܹ޿ְɣ
ļֵСô첻˵漣̻չУ鲼ÿһ䡣ֽ׶ӵһܴͺôܹġʹ׿޴治˵ŴΪ궨һ;ϣô͵ڶһ۵ð㹻ϡ
޲ʧ
Ķôģ
ٺһһֵֵֻһʱûд𰸵ģֻܵ漣̻ܲһУ
ⶼ˵ģ˭֪ûôá
ʵʤ۱磬С롣
֣ؾ㣬׼ٽСˣ
ãСã
һ߽
ӨӨк
âʱ𣬿ռΧռʱʼ
ⶫô棿
ﵽɭ
漣̻ܲڻɭ룬ǾǳֹΪ߼ħҲû̵ĸ·ɣ
ôԶôһͣ
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ĳ޴ͷʱļȻһ£Сã
СãСãСͷ
ӾҪȻʱ
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ܿռŤָˣ͹âɢ֮
һȫİĻ;Χƽ̹ԭԶ涼ɽͣ͹澫ĳǱɽַ֮䣬Щط׺ͯһ
ǡ
ӨӨСͷȻӣЦ˵㲻Ҫ֪ʣ漣̻ĴӪ漣֮ǣ
漣֮
漣ǴԶӨӨڷǰѾͨѶˡޱޱϹƵ˹ӭӡ
ӭϴˣϹƻǴ֣һִкŶˣӭС漣ǲιۣϹƣϴĸ
һ֪ϵʲôʱĸˣ
ӨӨ磡ޱޱһ˲ȹסӨӨ֣𣿡
˲ƶ
ռ츳
Ӷ࿴ޱޱһۣüͷŮΪҪǿһ㣬漣̻Ȼ˸֣
ӨӨ²˵ȻˣҵԭһȦݵؿߣҲǲˣžȥܹˡ
ĽˣޱޱһͰ͵ģΪ漣ǵĸ֮һλƽģڳ첻ڣæ漣ܶ鶼Ҫ棬ޱޱˣ´ǧǵôȥѽڻɭﶼˣ
̣ͷϹƴСֵļһôɰɫˣ
һۣͨѶ˵𣿡
ϹڨڨһЦ˼һǺܳԾøˣԺܽб̣͸ϴһɣ
Ҿû굱ɹֻϹе⣬ʮǰǣϹʮ꣬ȻƺϰߣһʱûĹ
㣡
ˣˣЩͷ˵ɡʱѾ߹ˣûлعǰǳ΢΢⣬ã漣̻ḱ᳤漣ǵĸ裬̫ɽеˣڳ׼ýӴɡ
Ӻ겻壬˺ðβ˵ȥڣѵҲֻҪһ˲䣿
Сں»زȥôЦŸӨӨʹһ񣺡Ȼˣǲȴתһת
ҰӣȥٻأӨӨ֣һĴУߣ
ûзӦ
͹âȻһٴƽʱԼһûʴΧȫ
ⲻӨӨһսʿӳϽͷ񣬡Ĺɣ
תתǲض񣡡ӨӨ˵ǴĹˣǻ̫ɽ
Ĺûüת
æһ
ôͻˣ
ɫ̫԰
ʲôˣǰôˣ
ӨӨЦɰѣҪ𣿡
Ѿ׷ˣˣǻ漣ǰɣ
ûʲô˾ʧڴǰֻһ֮䣬ǧɽˮľ붼ʧһα͵漣
Ҽӱ֪һѾ׵ķˡ
˵Ѿʶ漣̻Ŀռ䴫ͼʵռ䴫ͼ漣̻ڶ漣һ֣㹻ʱ漣Ѳӿ졣
ǰСϹЦǺǵ˵챣֤ۣᷢǰжģ
˻ص
뿪漣ǰң漣Ǳ仯ǳ뿴ڳǱеһﱻΪпƵ
һι۵ط
Ϊ漣̻ĵһԪͱڴˡ
߽;ȵط֣һӶûУһңʮңźü޴ĺ䡣Ưһ壬Χһٶ׸ߵľӣÿһﶼʾͬӰЩɭ֣ЩǳǱ֮漣ڲ
̷ǳʺã漣ǹԱ㣬ʲôҪ𣿡
ܶ޸飬ⶼ趨ģġ
ʮֺ棺һǻ۵ôģ
㿴䵭Ŀش𣺡漰漣̻һܣû㹻Ȩޣ޷Ϊ𣡡
¶֮ɫǻΪʲôֵֹģ
쿴һЩŵ̫ȷֱʣô£
漣ǺΧ˶ٶ̶ص㣬һٸѲ߶ӵƶѲ㣬ۼ漣ͧصĸķΧص㣬ÿʮСʱ̬ݣȫᴫ͵ҽպͷӶƳеı仯
⡭ôܰһӰܺ棬ãҲŵֻǶ˵Ļǿһ̬ȣǻۣôͬʱ۲ôط
ӨӨ˵㲻֪˰ɣ㲻ǻ۵壬һǿԣӵǿļÿܾ׼ʮڴΣԶϢܱȵģ
ʮڴΣ
ȫûָ
㣺𣿡
ع⣬гйܡһ̶ֹ˵ҽӵ̨ϵͳͨѶϵͳӣͨѶֱҽͨѶͨѯ׵ⶼȫȨΪȡÿƳǷΰȨޣֱӵפѲ߶ӣӶЧóΰԴӦԸͻ¼ķзǾ߼սԼĳģȫϴִС
ӨӨĿɿڴˡ
̫˰ɡ
һ漣ʤһִ֧ŶӺ͹Ŷӣ
°ͣΪòӦֻЩ
ǵģҵĴޣʱֻЩ
ǿ٣ʤأ
Ԫ屶Ҿܽͨ漣̳ϵͳϵͳϵͳ漣ϵͳռֿϵͳն˿Ƹ̳ǡСռֿӪ쾫ȵȣӶҪƽ̨СҵԪϵͳʮҿܽͨʵҲ븴ӵʵ顢ȶľ硭
ͷ֮£ӼԪ飬ô屶ʮѡС㣬Ǳץˡ
⻹˵һۣͷԸȥˡ
⡭ֱһ
ǴҶΨһۣ


470 ս滮
ڴˣδ뵽棬Զٵӽ裬Դ̽ɣսԹ滮ߣԤδܣá
Ǿ侲ġ
ǻ۶޸飬ӴߣִԲᱻ͵ǣһм㶼ΪﵽЧᣬ壬ԡ
˵
С㲻ʱ䣬ֲμӵйȥһܲ׵顣󼰵ĳǿ֣дС˼ϸ塢СģִǵĹߣټӳδ֮ˣ漣ǵδ޿
ˣ
ûԳ֣漣̻ᵽҲΪ½ԣǮ̻ᣬ׷ĲȫҪǳѺͳԽԳֻ֪ʶǻ۷ŴӶܵĿꡣ
㣬漣̻漣ǵǵС˽˽⡣
õģˡӰȻھʧΧﴩӰͶų漣̻ᴴʼ˳졢衢ӨӨϹƣһǰʼĹϳС漣̻Ὠ֮һûκĿտ̻ᣬμҵĵطС̻̻֮£᳤Ԫ⿡ԪƵȴ²Ʒ򿪾桭
һɵ˵ţһ߱仯ŸӰ
졢衢ӨӨϹƣ˿һϵݱ̣ǶһʱŵУȻһ벻ʱ䣬漣̻ȴѾ˷츲ر仯ǻعһʱ򣬼ֱһֲʵĸо
ӨӨе㱻жû뵽Ǿôࡣ
漣̻ʷͷչ켣˵һ飺漣̻ڻɭ־Ŭڽܲ춨漣ǡ漣̻ڸأܹӵʽԱʮˣװʮϣɰ뾫ϿʮλѧߣѾ߱߼оԱǧˡɵ³֪ȴ˾³ȡţͷְŵµȵȣѾ߱߼ˡ漣̻ӵйʮĹݡݽдʵԼʱİ뾫оչǱǿδ
ǰ漣̻ᷢʷһ顣
漣̻ÿһƷÿһΪȫм򵥵ⶼֱӳӵ顣Ȼڵʱ˵Ĺһ˲̻ᣬһЩͷ֮С̶
û뵽漣̻ǿˣһ㲻˼ˡ
Ծ飬Ҳ漣̻漣֮·վ竷ŵꡣ漣̻˵һҵ۹ĳɳʷ˵һһֵ漣
ӹɡ
漣̻Ե
Ȼ̻漣̻Ҫûг죬һһǧ궼뷢չĹģζ벻ļһȻ
½Ҳڶ˰ɣ
㷢㣬뽫ڻɭֵĹ滮˵һ顣
õģ㻰ո£мʮ龵Ӿ뾵ȫƯУһ黥ƴ˿Ϸ죬޼϶ձһ龵棬нֳ漣ǵĵͿͼ漣֮һ͵ɭֳУɭָǳٷ֮ʮˣʵͣ˿ҲǼ٣Ǽƻ漣ǰٷ֮ʮɳ˿һǧ򡣡
ͼﲿ򱻸ѿⲿֽжθѣγʮÿбעҵֲֳҵѧԺȫ滮
ַųһģͼ
žȫʵģʱ۾ʱɵôģΪ漣ʵ̫ǳִĳС
Ȼǰٷ֮ʮҲǹģɽֵβƽ㣬һռ䣬һǧ۷Ͳ֪סȥˣδһǧ˿ڣҲǷֲԿɣһֳɽϵĻ԰֮ǰĸоͨôӵ
Ϊͨ롣
漣׼޽졢нͨߣ㹻ܰټдҲ᷽Ķࡣ
Щͨ衣ʱ޾ﻭǶȿʼ߹ǧ׵ɽ壬ִƲ֮ϣһ޴ޱȻȻ֮漣δȫԴͼһܹƶ֮ǣճǲһгСҪ漣̻ܲǴ½Ƽ۷
Щռ漣̻Ϻͼ֮滮
ͨͷչ滮зͬʱ֮ǵĽ죬Ϊ漣̻бпܴġ֮һʽɣôΪ漣̻һƶҪǿģջΪ½壬ɭֶΪ֮Ϊ漣ȫ½չ춨
ͳôģѾ̽һ
漣֮Уֱݻۡ
һֱԺһȿ漣̻ᣬڿ漣̻ĿǰʵҲԲڰɣ
ſаȴ³ȡŵ֮ɭǿߣǿ˵ѹڡȻжʮʿӾʵ˵漣̻Ȼôࡣ
漣̻Ԫܿװȫ췣漣ͧǿ壬ھڻɽУҲֻǿһʱƽѡ
֮
ӵ漣ﵽ˹䡣
漣Ǿ˿ϡ١ʵɭҲڣԴ漣̻פ֮Ѿ¶ϵ漣ǸոļʿкܶɳǷȷڿǾԲġ
漣Ƕǳǿ׳Ͷ漣ڸ󿪷⼸˾̶ӣ漣̳ǣӰԺ¥õꡢĹݣЩҪϾ豸ȫˣ
⣬⾺ͼݡЩ漣̻Ἣɫ豸ҲҪ޽豸͸˵ˣһ޴Ĺ̡ҿ漣̻᲻ȱԴҲǿмɹ̶ӣʱļˣ뾫Է֯æַ̻Ǯ裬Ѿˡ
վһɽ£ңȻ漣ǣ̸оеҲܸо̲صǿ
ǳɭڽϣȫԵǡΪЩ˶Ѿ漣̻ʵҲܵ漣̻ʱĸı䣬ͷͨѶŻȵȣЩСһǰδеķʽı
Щ˶Ԥеˡ
һǰõļ԰ڵ
˭ϣԼ԰أڽʱ򣬲Ϊ漣̻УΪԼΪ󱲶
̫ˣ
漣̻ǰʲôأ
ڵѾȫżǰ˵Щˣ
˫ֻǰɭǿ漣̻ʱԸⴥֻܽǶ翪ġܡ֣֮һһƬΧ߰˸СͲڻ¡Ϊ漣ǷչṩǿĺԮ֧֣սӥڻɭּһΪɭ־ͷĵ춨԰СãԸԸ⣬ܹһͳ
û
ⲻЦ
漣̻о޴ս壡
漣ǹϵͲõˣֱһɢɳҽȨѶҲΩܹе鷳ɽΪ׵ĴССϰҴܹڣÿɶм߶ԣǵɽ֣ԼУʰ̫鷳ˡ
ð취ڴֲַ֧ˡ
츳ܲҲ൱ᣬȽԲʱ⣬Ҫһ֧ڳΪţ̫ɽȫѹɽһؽСš
ܹԴḻ񣬹Ϊ漣̻ṩٿռ侧ʯЩռ侧ʯúã漣Ǿ಼ܶϺüˡ


471 С
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漣̻ʵǿСҲܵİҪʱú롣ѾӦ죬ҪΪԼȡͼֵ
νΪۼΪʵ漣ס죬ΧһߣһˡĿڴתȦޱޱԾԾڳǱʵڱﻵˣȻ֮ˣޱޱɣпռҲ㣬Ժ㹫ѱ濪ĵŶ
ǣޱޱϲ֮ɫվñֱԳ⣬Ȳͷ˵С߰ɣ
Ӻܲˬ˵ΪʲôҪӸС
Ұ㣬Ѿʮҵˣ̶ˣѵʸôôޱޱһΰԼͰڳѹˣ⵹ǰ˵ƿԣߣ
ޱޱռ̾ʧˡ
㣬ҺϹȥ
ȥɡ
ϹӨӨ˸߲ҵ뿪ӨӨһֱǳעЩԺ԰ΪˣȻǷǳڷˡ
С㣬Ҳ߰ɣ˫ɰɫͷųռһ籩˲ϢͰˡ軺ʱ򣬾ȻѾص档
Ŀһ˿ȣĿռޱޱأ
ڳһȣ˵ⲻǷϻôϵô
ʲô³ɹ㱨𣿡
ʵҵĽչ˳Զ󷨻ѾƳˡ
Ϊһ̲裬ĳĬ³첻ҲܲµҪ˽ʲôڳǰ׼һУڴ򿪻ҵһ洫Ӱ漣̻ݹﻭǰ
оԱȡһӡ͸ˮķͼˮ壬͸ͼԪʯڼ뼸Ԫʯ豸ͿʼˡԪʯȡľԪʯȡ󱻹עһ֧ʯУ֧ʯʾԶʼơ
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в֤ܹʹãû˿ȱݡζ漣̻빤ҵʱԪʱ򣬾Ͳٻôˡ
̨Զ󷨻ӡ󷨷ֻһģ壬̾һݣδЩ󷨻ٶԶԶࡣ
ѧ߾ڷظнųˡ
漣ֲ̻ƷٶȺͲᱩڵҵй¶ˣЩųѧߣиʱƺԪһĺ¡
һҪҪ㱨ִһӰлһ㿴
Ӱֳ棬սأ޽üɫһż޽ˣɢΧٸãڰľͷʯ飬æòڡ

ⲻô
Сʲôʱⶫˣ
㱣֪ʶЩǱĲƸô˷ѣ΢΢һЦż漣ǶݻˣȻʱ漣ǣ˵֮𾪣ǹ϶ܿΪʲôأ
ЩñάֻٶȺܿȥ磬ֱĿۡ˵ñʱǳʲôۻԹûκһ˻ܾõĹˣδҪӵмñȥɿɼ֮ΣջͲû˸ˣҲܶͶ
ۣ۾ãСΪһôʶôõأ
С㲻漣ǵĶԴСʾ߶ȿ϶;ǿ顣ͼֽ׼ãҪоо
ż
Ϊ漣ǲ̫ԶδȻܷӳܶ;
Ʒһ̲裬˺ȻĬӣѱӷĻǰĻΪģЩѲɻ׼ң
챻һûͷûðĻ˵סˡ
ʲô˼
С˫۾񿴹ӵʱĪеһĻš
бƽʱºͶֳǻ۵Ŀ⣬Ȼ˼ԹС漣̻һֱŮǿ˵̻û˶ĵλģôһȴڳԹı飬񱻸ĺ˸һʵڽгЩͷƤ顣
ҡҡͷһǲ֪˵ʲô
컹ڷɵ̲סһӣӨӨ飡
ô֪ǳԾôС㿪ڣǵӨӨڲԭ˵ĻȻ֪С⣬ô˵ڣ˭֪СѾ֪ˣѵӨӨͨѶô
ȻûиңҺӨӨϵùңСû˵ӨӨܵĽ㣬ǵ޻̸ӨӨ˵ǰĸҲΪϷʲô仯˿ѵһῴ
ʱЩΣǣС
ͬʱңС˵仰ʱ򣬾Ȼ¶һ˿ί֮ɫ̫ɶˣ
Ʊ˵ҸӨӨ飬ʵ׼ںʳϸߴң˭֪СǰˡС²ǹİ
ߣװģˣһ˽㣿ֳվŮͻ᳤ȫҸ㣬ȻʼˣǾͺúöӨӨԺһίҾĲ㣡
ӨӨ̫زס£ϲ漣̻ᶼ֪ӨӨһֱҲرչˣ˹ϵչز˵ˮɣûʲô˵ġ
Ϊ㿴Ҹʲô˵أ
豻ſ˰죺ʲô
ôˬӨӨˣ
ǲȻأ
ﷺֹӨӨ˵СҲϲǿСӣҲǷǳѣаԴ׵ģ
Ҿͷˣһһֱզ漣̻һ׽ùĿɳ֡ĺϷأ
ޣڲԡ΢΢һ죺ǲǺʧ
Ȼһ̾е㣬е㡣
ɣ
ʲô
˫§סĲӣͷؿڼϡСԸׯأȻ£ʵóЩˣιС㣬컯֮£е㲻ðɣʹ̲סôҸû˵ĵط˿ء
Сס˫ۣʾûпǼ
˵˫ۣ˵ͻȻһۣļһҰôã㲻ôСɣ
һʱ֪ʲôãֻܾС㣺漣̻ڶɶ漣ǵڶô˵Ǵأ
ȴû㣬һ߽˵ǵı߷ƣһľ𣿡
һҲˣѵǱһء
һˮˣҲܶǽɥ졣ԼߣΪʲôҪ͵ϣѾˣʹңҲûʲôҪ֪һǧļֵҲȲһ졣
ⲻг⣬üֵ˵ԭ⣬ûʲôΪʲô
Ҿ֪ʱһɵϣ΢΢һЦȻǳƽͣͺڸļҳһ֪֪һ̿ʼӨӨֶ֮һҪˡ
쾪С㣬ҿΪڸұ𣿡
Ҫϲ͵ǰɣɿ˫֣¶ãȻı飬ӨӨںˣںҸҺܸˡͬʱ־ںһʧȥˣ˵ôأ
ʵúãѧս̽ʣǲȻҾ΢㣬ΰǽöȢˡ
ΣѾȫָȺݺݵصɳһۣӽúöԴӨӨǵԺ㣬ǷҵҲ٣
һпݣ̾ɺܶ࣬ȥˡ
Сһǳìܵ˰


472 漣ǵı仯
ޱޱʼӳԺˣȻпʼУȻȫûа취ȵģޱޱʹʹһ̾滮ȿһӰ磬ȥ̳ǣٵ漣Ƶԣٵ棬ô
⣿
ţ
ߣȥӰԺƱ
ѡҪϯ
ɭʹСһʳϰҲ̫һֳһδʮֲ㣬˰ѲֲֳͬͬСӰֱʳħ粼֪ͬӰСߴˣ˵漣֮һ塢ԪĳС
ϯĻǰλѵģ۸Ҳʵˡ
ͨλҲˣȫǰ뾫顢֮ģӰû˶ʳħţͷ֮ģټǺӰշǺܸߵġбȽϸ߱׼֮ǲܽģǳ
˺áλ뾫Աʶޱޱģ̹ǰҪЩʲô𣿡
ҿޱޱùһݲ˵ɨһۣҪһϵȵľ̲裬һҪɭֵĲģһʧɭֵλòݷĩôҪ뾫İƽ¶ɽժϽϣصӽıɡ
ޱޱ󶼵һ顣
ԱͶOͣ
ЩĹҲ˵һɭֲľ̲۸ˡЩҲһֵƣǴų۵ޱޱǷǵýлǸϳȥɡ
ޱޱ꿴Աӣʲô漣ʲôУǧƶＸʮ֣ЩֱӴطÿռֿ˹ģҲкܶ࣬Ҫʲô;ܵ㣬Ҫ
Ӹп㲻ܸظĺöˬ찡ҾҪһİɣ
ЩǲûдȫҪֿȡҪ֧õġԱѹ𾪣ʸָǣ
ޱޱѲ˵ݸԱҿûǮǹɣгȨѶڳϣǸϿѶҪ漣ǵĹ͡
ޱޱǳ٣ܸߣ̻Ｖȴ谫Ȩ޸ûȵġӰԺ漣̻ῪģޱޱǳҲԺȣȷϡ
ôȷϣ
ԱҵӰԺϰ壬ͨѶϵйԱȨǱ߲ѯޱޱǵһѶɳвֱ֧Ǿûʲôǡ
̶ֵ̲ۻңӹϯƮ㣬ӰԺȫ˶Ϊ߲Ŀ
ޱޱܲ˵п漣ǣҲǺܸˣڳÿһ裡
˷׷׸ߺл
̲ס룬͸֣漣ǻܷչǲ̫ףλ߹Ů治װ
̲ǳ󣬸οɭֵġ
ССһڣ̸оǿ罭ʣΪ̲ӹһʧɭֵλòݷĩԻüЧľϣܹ˴ľãپҵˣֻҪһСڣ̾ͻã·ƶˣǸ߸ϹҸˡ
ޱޱҪĶɭļƷ뾫ƽ¶ɽµʽϣȡ漣ǵΣյĶħ֮죬ڰӽıɣÿ޲ɭõĲɡ
ӹΪܹȴҲûܰ
ʱӰԺӰ翪ʼˣ漣̻ӰƬѾԽԽ죬μиʫ֮ģл塢顢뾫룬ÿһ¶󣬹¸ǵ˳С
˹ۿӰƬǡħǽһͷħɭָ£ӿʼɭ廥࿴˳ۡٵħɭ֣̼һƬҴɭָӢ۴֮£ìܣŽһԱ׳ʷʫսսʤ˿µħ
Ӣ۵ĺסһ𣬽һɭ֮ǡ
Сʱνȫʼ㣬Ρ顢顢ҪǺɭŽͳһҲӰ漣ǽҪߵ·˳㻹ģΪ漣Ǹոõħ档
̫ˣȫڵسʷʫֱ͸о۾֤һδ档
ޱޱֳ̲꣬ԵıӰԺɭ־кüˣĻڴĹ˵Ѿ͸ǼĵطУڳΪҪзʽǻܸݵطҪڵطֲ棬ÿӰƬܻٱֹܹ˿ڱȴĹ࣬ӰԺһŶ
ܹ˿ڣǴĹһ
ӰԺ漣̻ҵ棬ֻǲ̫۵һԶ޷ռ䴫ֿͨ͡ѶЩҲܸ߱ߵļֵ֧һطĴ̻ˡ
ߣȥ漣̳ǿ˵ϲĶ
ޱޱӴ漣̳ǣһСǱɣ߽Ƿ֣̳ģǳ󣬷ǵгڶר񣬻ЩرƷֱôӰ߻ӰչʾЩҪġ
漣̳ǵͨ޷ġ
ǿռֿܰضһططȫ̳ǣֻҪ㹻Ǯδ漣̳棬ûʲô򲻵ġ
Ȼ漣̳ûȫãѾӽĹµСΧʮӣطʵѾǧϼܽˣгٸɭġ
ʱʳħӾޱޱߣվסޱޱòʺãã
ﹺ𣿡ޱޱܺ濴ʳħСȻ˵СѾޱޱһ
ʳħӿǳ󣬶˵ҲЩ׼ġ
⣿
⾪ӷġ
ʳħûӵ壬ȻҲ
һʳħ˵ǲһƬ԰ܺõܶǮϲԡ𾴵ĵ˿¾ǲʱ԰Ϊṩȥ԰Ĺʮе̳ﶼ۵㣬ÿȥܶˣͻģĴ̳ǲֿĹѾˡ
ޱޱ¶ԭ˱飺׬˲ٰɡ
ʳħûʲôĻʳħ¶м飺һջȹȥһ궼࣬ʵ̫ǮˣЩɭﵽǣȴԸ⻨Ԫʯ򡣡
ǰһʳħ˵𾴵ĵ˿Ϊʳħһܰɹ֣׬һǮ
ɭöֿ̫࣬һЩʯҺֵǮ𾴵˿ָ֮£ϾҪһʳħ̻ᣬֻҪ漣ڣӻԽԽõġ
ɭûʳħˡ
Ϊʳħޱٶûҵͷԡ
һ˿֮󣬸ʣָ㣬˰Ǵҵ漣̳ƽ̨ƽ͸ʳħҲᱻӣһʳħˡţͷ˲֡
ڲ֪漣ǲԼ¸ȻܹΧһ׬Ǯ
ǻҪ˼ӣĹǱ߾ûˡ
ãޱޱͷȥæɣ
ǣǣǲ223Ź̨ӭƷǵ
ʳħæޱޱǣ̾뿪ˡ
ӾԼܴܹܵһֹɭֱԵȻģԾܵʳħϮӡУʳħһȺëѪҰױļһ
ڣ
ʳħϴøɸɾƤģǱϬţҪǿͣⳤƤڳǰӲëˢˢʮ飬ƽհѪԽʳеѪ죬˿ȴϲúЦݡ
漣̳ﲻʳħˣ壬ǿȫæµ
Ȼڵ漣̳ǹģ󣬵ǰ⸱ϵľ󣬻е˿Ϊ׵ĺ˲⿪طչδǰǿԤڵġ


473 ֻ
˶úܾˣ
ŮϲʹȻ漣̳ϵͳ費̫ȫƷ˵Ѿ൱ḻ򵽰Ƶı򵽸زҩȫĲг½ҵ㡢ȫ桢̳ˡ
κһõ޶㡣
漣̳ǹҲκ̳ȵġ
ûֻֻҪ漣̻ͻøתվÿռֿ͹ƽ̨漣ĹʹҵãǴ츣ΧĲ
ΧӺʹͲ䲻߱ռֿѾ̨ͨ˽漣̳ÿƷŻݻͨѶѯƷÿ쵽̳Ƿ
漣̻׼ʮ˻õ漣ͧ
ΪģרƷ
충ʹ߿䣬ȫɿ
иɭСüƣ
زأܹԶڴĹľƷǰµС˿ʰװ
ŻʲôģȫЩСÿ漣̨Ϣ漣̻Ԫʳ漣̳ĺþƣĸֵҩߡ
漣ǳһʱѾ͸ΧһСȦķ档
ΪɭĹҵúܶҵ˹Ҳûʱ;ǰһȥȫӲμѵ׼ҵˡ
ЩƽбڸȺɭֺϻˣһҵȳϾ漣̻δĴӪ漣ǣǴ½ط߱ġ
˿̶ִӵȥͶʣɭܿͻһƬֲֳҩ԰ԤƻһʱЩȻǱҵǶٶЩ漣̻ɷ档
漣вĵŴֻԪʯţϢһᣬԽԽ࣬Ϊ漣ǵǰʵ̫ˡȻһ߿հڣʱڲμӴҵ󳱣кָ㣬ûпܻỹģ˵ˡ
Խ漣ǲ򵥡
漣δʲôѲģѾ޵Ŀԡ
ιӨӨңޱޱˣһԷɡޱޱóͨѶͨӨӨĺ˵䣬ԶԶԣ漣Ƶ꣬Ǵ
˵ꡣ
ޱޱҶͨѶߣСζͣ
һռ͸ֱߵ漣ƵꡣλһɽɽΧˮԵĺˮм·ͻأǱƵϣͷǳҲһ顣
漣Ƶ긽ʮﲻ̻𣬲ôƫƧ漣ƵǷǳֵģЩǮǮİ뾫鶼ӿѾˡ
ޱޱһλõĿż䡣
ռװηǳȻһ̨¹ˮԵĺˣµĻ˳ŽȥСͤ㡢ȺȲ衢¡
ޱޱҲûϸֱӵʮҪ̵ˮģ漣̻ġ
˵ӡ
λһ㶼ûоӡ
ʱӨӨϹһ˲ƶײײĳڴƵſڣ˲档Ϲ̱ԹӨӨôģǲײɽˡ
Բ𣬶Բ𡣡ӨӨǸ˭ÿռ̫ӣҾ㸴ޱޱԪ꣬Ҳѿѽ
ޱޱվ
͵ʳġ֮࣬ȫޱ3ϣ
һʳĵԪʦǱȻҲ龳ģ
ʵ˾ڴܹܶһȴȥʦɱ֮߿֪ολԪʦǿϵӣ˵ŶʳǿȰտ϶ǲģһⶼɫζȫÿһֵϰԪʯֹأ
ĸŮһһСϹƿҲʮ˾ӣӨӨʮӣޱޱʮӣСӸǸʮҵŮͯĸŮȴôһݻƹͣ͢ʵЩզˡ
óԣϹץһƾͿ庬˵ôûпգȥħûħǰŹӣǼϿ϶û⡣
ðұʹȥģٰҲйޱޱ˵ʱŻҾͲզǼʵһʱ䣬򲻹ͷħ
ӨӨսȭͷԣħ
˶־Ȼ
еͷԡ
ʲôôô
кöǣӨӨ¶һɰЦݣӴڴһ£淭ƴĶǲʵ㡢㣬ڰµСĺöڶûռأֻҪڲԱС
ʵҲ漣̻߼ԱһֱڰµСһʱ漣ǡ
ڰµСɫǱгģʱ漣̻ģ漣̻СҲоǱߵɵĺ
ʲô
ޱޱѶۡ
İ΢㣬΢Щأ֮žӡ
ޱޱܿ
ͨӣһĴӰ
֮һֲŸֹܰ
Ȼû¶Ƿǳд⣡ӨӨƺǳϲС漣̻ĵһشʦͯСżʮḻоԱǰѴŻͨѶЩȫϣСôС˵治棿
ļٵģޱޱС㵣˼ǣôС̨ܽͼƬӰ񣬻࣬ͨѶ
ǣզ漣̻˱ء㣬ʾһ¡
ĸԴյһ
ӨӨһİťĻâ豸Ѿкܶ๦ܰťÿťܼͬܣťżͼԻҲܿö
ܡ
ӨӨһͼİťСС豸漣̷̨̨ȻźŽȫܹ⣬ťлͬƵء
ǲŻܡ
ӨӨְһŻͼİť豸ĴӰĻͿʼ仯ˣյüӰƵһ漣̳ǹƵҲ˵Сȫڼˡ
ť
ӨӨ豸һͷɼǰ洫Ӱʾٰһť˲䲶׽ˡ
ͨѶܣͨѶ֮ǿһʮСЩ1-0ְͨѶģͨѶûʲô𡣡
Ӿ̫̾ˣ
û뵽ôö
ãããޱޱҲǴ⣺Ƿ࣬ȷ𣿡
ţܱҷǳ㣬ͬʱѴŻͨѶܼһ壬ȻһȫӨӨͣһ£ɤ˵ϯʦͯС㡢и֧Ŀķʵ󣬾ͽֻ
ֻֻУ
ⲿ漣ֻ̻ʱ˿̶òֺҲǺϲû˻᲻ϲĶοֻôá
һоֻһԴȣĸ˸ͷ󣬷ʵСӣûô˷ѣȶԵòࡣгԵģϹƣȻССӡ
һѴͣԪʳջֱУִǵɣÿɽԺ뷨
˳Աȥ;Ӳקˡ
漣ոտŵħսѶȼߣӰԺڲݵӰƬȻܶսߣһֱҹΪġ
ħʵǹ̶սŶʵǿ˭Խȥ棬ܵսͬ޴
ﱻŰȥսþˣÿζħԽսԣ˾Խ𾢣ʱѾһٶʧܵǣžƣߵ뿪ˡ
ʲôԥģ
Σҵ죬ǳᶨʾԸ漣̻ᣬԸ㾡ȫ֧漣̻ڴܹչ²ΪڣΪԼԺ֣ҲҪ漣֮þӣ
ֱã


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һϢڴܹˡ
ҵʮǰʧٵĴ幫ѰҴأôܹ̳ż½壬ͳһɢɳĴܹ硣
ȻܹһûִͨѶϢٶȷǳϢδҲ̫ˣ˲̶̼ʱʹܹɽ͸ŶĿࡣ
ô־
ѵѾ˲ɣ
˭֪ǱɽģҪ½ĻܸǺɫ𣿸οԴѾСŹϷָɾȻֲһ壬ⲻǷǿ˵ĵ
Χ˴Уʮǰͬʱ֣ɵ˶ڣΩѾʮǰӽְλ
仰˵Ѿìеͣأָô죿
嵱ڴܹѾߴ󳬼ɢ޺ͲСУŷǳߵͺֱ춼кܶʵɢȻʮ廳
վ塣
¹ڻв׷ߺ֧ߣ
ſͺͿ侭ʮ¾ۼһȻһ൱ֵڱ֧֣ܺɽĵλ
һȷѪ꼫пڴܹƿ
漣Ǹӡ꿪һ̵Ļ飬ΰѴܹ
˵ɽΪͳҲмǧʷٹ̣ʵۺֻܽ𡣷򣬹Ҳ˵ŸɽźʮӢļܷ𣬼ʹҲҪ޴ۣһɽ룬ܹʵʣ޼ûа취ֿӥս¡
еͷշΪΪĿģĴͷǵðεЩһһ
ܹɽǿ
ɽֵֿزɾʹˣɽ࣬ÿһӵжʮŵӣ൱ڶʮѾҾͨйǿӡ
־һٶ
һ֣ԺţˮһսԾۼʿӥս˵ҲǷǳֵġҲΪʲôӥսһֱûжԴܹ֡
Ҫ鲻ȫ
ûҪȫս
ȫ漣̻ᣬ漣̻᲻վڴִ֧ڴܹڻʾͱɴܹˡȻ£ǿ棬ͬ顣
飬ȻἤŭɽǲڸоΣУԲֿԲи֮£찵гƣܹ֮
ʣСʲô߼
˵ܹһֱд˵屻󣬴ȴһż
쿴꣺£
лܣŮʮǵʮһ̫ӣҲǳǲԵλǺܸߣټСϵȻ˵ûҡҡͷ˵ż£Ҳܿԭ򡣡
ûżΪѷɫɽֻѪ߲ܹ˵̾ϢһֻǷǳϧż䲻ЩɽѰȴһܿżǵ׷Ҳӵӵ
ˡ
һҪҵż
Ҳ֪żʲôӰ
ܹôһطһɣ
˼Ƭ˵漣һˣӦܰæ
춼û˵ꡣ
ֻˡ
ֻóⶫҲǸոջãе㲻̫ϰߣĻкʾǱǴС㡣
͹ˡ
ڿᣬԴС磬ǳû취£򲻻ʱ졣дС㶼˵⣬ǿ鲻С
ʧһ¡ֻͨͨѶСʲô飿
ʮأǵɭֹҵ԰ܵϮ鲻СԹһ𣿡
Ϯˣ
üëʱš
ģ˭ɵģ
ʱǴ˽ǰҵǸΧߣ漣ӦĸмԲ̫Щģֻп
漣ǾĿǰ̫ǿȴôҲһɭ֮ǣɭ֮µĳУҶ漣ǵˣͷС
µ漣ǷչУһܵսʽΪ̫緢漣һֱǱķչûΧ̽棬ѿصȮֲԭʹܹ
˭֪ʹˣһЩһע
û취漣Ƕȷʵе
ҶֻصңһͻҴûһȥˡõģһһǿȥæ
üô㲻ȥôżôң
ģҸով˵ˣ漣ǻһ˱ǰȥʡʱ̳ҲûӣǳŵƼ˾ǵ³֪ȴĿǰǳſ䣬漣Ǹ߼ıһǿߣ֮õģǸϽشܹɣ
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ôãһɸֵԹΪʲôֱӾͷըǲ˵ˣ۶ԷٹٲǶӦȼװЭΪ漣̻ʱŶԡһʱӹԪըֱӷ鷳ʹˡ
㣬㲻֪ǰһɶ񣡡ϹѾ·Ҿϴû͸ը쵰
踧ͷһըʹˣһǹ籩¶췣ͧûа취ٶսֱϮˡڶɭֻǿҲǵӰǣֹܻ֡ս˵õһѽںʱ֮սǰ⽫ʹǷǳ
սǶҪɵ漣ǱȻɭʵģǾȰѳи죬ԼСŮ˵Ƿǳֳ֧ġ
仰˵ǿս漣ǡ
ôޱޱϵƹᣬԸݹæ
ǾһҲԶսɲС壬Ͼɭֵ۷ǿ߰
һըʾͱˣ
Ȼսȶ漣ɧţ漣ǲû֤ݡ
սǴź漣ǻ̸漣ȴһԷˣǸսһ˳漣ǵĽṹ
漣塣
͸ɱ
̫ˣ
ظΪɭֵβֹ֡κը漣ռһˣʵȴǰԼƵ֮ϣԲͻˤ÷ǡ
ըսôҲв١һսһششսǵ棬ǶڲɴģϮڶ漣ǵʿΧ漣ǻָġ漣ǽһɭ֡˷رǶСɼ壬սͼ£ܱСΧ漣ǾҲвͨˡ
跢̸ָЩûãȻըѾըˣ˵ʲôûˣǿ£ʶ漣ִģԹ֮󣬹Ȼǲɴģӣһһߵ飬һɾӢͻϮôӦأ
ǰսССɧž͸漣ɺܴš
ֵôսǰٷְٻȼӴٱ漣ٽȥˣбȫΣա
νǹ׶㰵ѷ
ǰѾӻ̿һӲ̣赹ҲǣããɭֵƸӣֹʽϮǲܷġ
İɣа취ӨӨǱ߹еô
Ѿˡ
ãȥ
ӨӨʱһֱæָ裬ͼֽǳṩģԴн縺֧֣ӨӨģԪܹ꣬뵽С
ϴ޸ģһżĺ⣬ɢֲ漣Χͨصһ漣ΧγһȦˡ
Ȼֵ
Ϊķֲʵ̫ϡ裬γɰ漣ǵķشԳƸеǳ񵱳һһգֱ췶Χ
󣬵ҲûжԴ˱ʾɡ
ЩǳԸĹģĹܻǸôһĵ


479 ״
漣ΧĻɽڱΪ漣ɽ롣
漣ɽ״ǱȽϱ׼ԲΣܳﵽǧң߷߶ܽӽףܳһٹھ漣йϵͲ䣬漣ɽ뷶Χڵġ
Щ׼Ͷ漣ǵߣҲѲǨ漣ɽ뵱У漣ĿɽֳҲΧڣ漣ɽ漣δγɲɷָ壬һС
漣ǽڻɽڷչûаѴ쵽ȥ˵ǲᴥġ
û뵽ҲȻ㲻һɱ
漣ǿʼչʱ䲻̫˳зϵδ䱡ʱ漣ױݵʱ̡漣ǵĹǣ취ǿеķʵ
뵽İ취
α仯͵ʻйأ漣ɽļǵ֮ء
и֮żһˮˮȡһ޴ˮ޺;ˮޣ漣Ǳ鲼֧ˮܣ˾ʵˮĴ䡣
漣ɽ彨ԵΪͨ͵
ż̲صǿνˮɸۣż̲صܲ㸲漣ǣҲͬС
ܹ飬ȴзΧƣżֻżôôͺСˡ
ŻǵʴԺȾԱͣ漣ǻɽԻ漣ǡһγɻεΧ漣ǣΪЩɽдԴֿ֮ܽھȫ
ʱ˿漣ɽ
վһ壬ҰǲԴȺ壬ҷ٣¶ͣ糤ǹƺ䣬ȹּܼӵΣȻԴԽʵ㹻ǿô漣ûҵǡ
ɽ־漣ǺǺϻﴴ칤ҵ԰ˡǰ޺̵ĻҰ˵Ȼ漣ɽûʲô̫ǿ޳ûҲΪħޱȽ϶Ĺϵǲֱӿ쳧Թɽ߸ɴཨɽ˱ǿġ
漣ǵĻɽģԴ࣬û̫ǿ̾ᣬһѵĵطսǸ˵ǱƻȴǼѵ顣
Ұһƻ̾ɽϿһأ漣Ǹû취ҳ
ǰ
̫ˡ
̵ؽ̵̵ػܶһͺˡ
ЩǿսǳףӽˮƽֻǳٶۻѣΪ֮õĹߵҲְֻϧȫʢʱڵ̵ؽ̵̣ػ߲ǧҲֻͼҪͨ
أ
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漣ǵĻɽ֮󣬻ɽֶɽ֣Ҫ̵ػܹȫ
˼ʱӨӨֱܹͦ屨˵죬Ūˣǽȥһɣ
˱һɽλһӸӺϢֻ֮֮֮΢һЩα仯ɢϢûôаˣ֮Χźܶ͸
ܹԼԼоɢһӦǿģƬҪڣôȫԳٴλȻ漣̻ûж飬һЩ黹ġ
Ϲƺ濴ϴΪʲô
;߱ؼʱͷγɹ⻹ΪάֻսҪδһʱҪڻɽǧɴôЧѷɫһȫǵĻǽ硣
ǽ磿۾һ˵ıһֳǷ£
ɭĳУгǣǵ³ǣǽû̫壬ȷϮҲסħ޵ɧšʵĳжԼĻǽ磬ֽܴǳж֤ȶ
ֳģĻǽ粼Ѷȷǳ
ñȴܹɽŵĻɽ
ʱ;
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ڴ̫ˡü˲ŴԴٶٿҲһɣԶˮⲻ˽ʣ
С㣬ӲȻˡ¶һص΢ЦߵԱߣһҪֲĿǰһ
ʲôܣ
̽⣡˵ǿЩҹеġ
̧ͷȥ
Χڸٻƣֱһı㡣
˵ûй٣ͨһܸ֪ľɨڣж̽ġ
˼ѵǡ迴ǵΧ򣿡
ûͨͻᱻŴǧ򱶡ڼķΧڣֻҪ鴳ʵǿ󣬻ڶˣȫܹ⵽ڡָָ׾״ϵͳֻҪһͨԣôܿٷֱϸ΢仯Ӷѵ龫׼ķˡ
ȫ
һܸӦԲǧڵڣսǵǿһܼ̾ڣǲɽǶѨﶼûãѰǱΰ취ҲڸǣοҪһֱΡ
ǿ֮£ܹ׼λá
˵СʱҲܷãԷʵʵֻҪжϳλãС۲죬ôκطôǾѹվǰһ
ã̫ˣȼü֮ʲô˵ǵİ뾫оɹзޣÿԼӴǶķ
ޣ
켸˶֪ʲô
ӿڴͳһֻССֻûκϸ۲켸ȴ쳣
۱ҿն
ֲֿӰ豸Ƴ˴ԣܹѭǵ־ÿֻ൱һƶļĿͿѾмֻȫڹҵɭһ쳣ܼʱˡ
ۣ̫ˣϹƾԤϵͳֱҾͲƣڱ׷ŵƨˣЩô죡˾Ͷ
֣ˣȻʩѾãҸϽ׼Ϲ⼸㣬Ұ漣Ǹֶ͸ȥҪôҿզǵӶ漣ǵģ
û⣡
мܴˣ
Ϲƶֹ֮أ


480 
ٵһԣԽ֮ͨ龫״Ϳʼתͨżȡ˳ŵɽļ塣
ЩȡپԪתð̽õߣһƵ﷢̽Ⲩ
ռ̫Ӵˣ
ͨ޷ֱ档
漣̻þͷӳˣԱ壬֮ͨԾܰȫɼģͼ񡣵Сʱɼ֮漣ɽֲͼͻֳˡ
ЩǿȵڻؾıֱεͰѰٷ֮ʮͼ񶼸ЩʣµپԼӹͼݵͼѾɣµ״һ̽⵽
ħﲨǻﲻһֻصǻĲˡ
ǱĲ棬ڸҳԷء
ӨӨԵܷŶ
ޣҲŲҪأ
ӨӨô˵ȴһѼй¾̽ȻڴڳԼھΣʲôûиɹһԱ߿ùЦҲЦ⣬ӨӨʱһ
Ϲ¶Ľ֮ɫڲ֪ϴѾӨӨߵһĽѽѾʮˣûʲôͷ
ҲΪ鷳ôΪֻдСŻء
컰û˵꣬СͺݺһȽͬʱݺһۣģ˵
ҲһŮ˺òáϹƶԳ仰ܲǸŮ˲ϣҵõɷӨӨ̫ĽˣΪʲôϴĲأҿûҪҪǼ޲ȥɴϴҵСˣҲҪ֣Ҳں
ۣ
Ѽȶ
ӨӨҲĿɿڴ
Ůħͷ֪ģû뵽ֻ˵óڡϹƺôҲһŮ׺һ⣬Էϴ½ۣôܻûҪ
ϹƼұ飬˵ǺģӨӨ㲻ҰɣҶϴ޶Էãܴأ
ӨӨͷЩ˼ǹϵôãѾݽˣôأһֱôһҲͦõģأ
ӨӨô˵һʲô˵ģ͡ʱСĿɨʱǱסͷӨӨ˵ζĳЩ˺˵ֻڨڨһЦȳԷȳԷ漰Ժ˵
ϹЩʧ
񾭴Ҳû̫⡣
ҷΧЩʱͻȻһڲ𣺡ˣ漣Ѿ̽״ͼҪ̵ȡ𣿡
Ÿոԡ
һ׳Ƿϵͳ漣ɣȻ漣Ȩ޺ԶԶ޷ȣǺôҲһĳԣԹӹɡ
վȷų
ˡ
㻰ո䣬鴫Ӱƴ飬γһ޾Ǹֳ漣ΧɽͼŴȲֲͬ档
ϹƺӨӨ磬ֱͷǣе㷸ܼ־֢ˣҲֻּ̬ļһܹͳͷǿȰɣ
޸漣ɽֲͼǿȴǿȣǾͳƵóݣʵ5631
ܣӨӨô֣һǸˡ
ǲġҡҡͷȻҲһԵͳƣЩ´ħްɡ
ǵģ㵭صѾ̽⵽漣ɽǱ5072ǿħѧȼ֣Ҳ3ǿȵħޡ7ͷΪ3ϵħޡ
Ҷ¶Ծ顣
3ϵħ൱龳Ļڡ
ɽﲻݷǧͷΪ3ħޣͷ൱鼶ħô̫ˣ漣ǵĽλǼѣħ޻ԾѾǷǳˣûг̾УʹҲݣɭħ֮Ϳ֪
̫˳ԾˣӨӨ˵Щħ޼ܶ漣ɻ
ЦЦʲô漣ɽ벻ȴĹݵģСôһɽ̾ǧͷ3ħʲôϾǻɭв
ǿҲ˵ٶôݵͷʾ϶쵷ĳ̽״ﾫ׼ӦǿɿģôһĿͺˣ˺пܻɳǿߣЩһ룬̼⵽ڿ߼״̬ɡ
ǣ
˳ȥˡ
ѵ¶һЦݣ̽״֣漣ǰȫʮ
Ҳܴ⡣˵ڸϢİ취ܶ࣬һЩڰڲأǽֲͼҲһԵġ
ûʮȫʮĶ
ϵͳѾʹеϲˣ
̽״ﳣһ漣ռԽԽ࣬Ѿմ󲿷ħ޵Ļɡʱһݴ˵ͼУԵע⡣
ڶ
ʮݿʼ롣
зǿжˣǧ˰ҶǻѾ۷壬ǾԵľ񲿶ӣοһλ鼶ִӡ
Ŀˣ
ǹȻսô
ȻͶǾͲҪˡ㷢ǵж·ߣϹȥرжӣʱܲͨѶ
ϣ
Ϲƿ뿪ˡ
ǿһ֧ӣ֧жʮɣоͰһڵǿӦþжĴͷˡݻвԣЩһʳΪصĿꡣ
С꣬ȥ
ʹСԶ̽⣬ʶɨʹֵܳĿ޴ΣռЩսʽжӶõս滮
ǳſͧȥġ
ѵѾը˵ĲǿͧΪԸöһ·ֱ漣ͧȥеԾֳԾûгã̾ͰϸϹƣǻᾭһϿȣѷص㣬ϹˡмǣҪСģЩлǿߡ
Ϲƻȡϸ鱨ıһŵԪڣŵ˵С漣ǣͽǸʹ۰ɣϣ
֧һǧҵľӢжӡ
Ӳжʮǿߣе³̵ؼ˾˶ɭﾭḻսʿһ֧ǳĶ顣
Ϲƴ֮£һٿʼж
һǧ˲ϿȰڱúãڵף׼ˣٰѷ籩ǹȫǹڶ׼·
ս˾ζ벻ǾĲ߻·ߣȴŹذɣ


481 ȫ
ʮαװİӰýɽٴǵͿζҩˮǹҲԲڡ
Щһɫ龳ǿߣսǶͷĴЩǲ죬ЩǺպսսǵȫͳ죬֧ͬͻ顣
սǱԵĴѾȫչ˾׼һٴݻ漣ǵΧҺͶ͸漣УŻ²ץ߲ԱӶʹ漣ھ޴ѹ֮ЭͶ
ͳ죬ǿִĿˡ
ãǰ
ͳ;ͱͨ׳˶һȦÿ鼡ʯ͵ĸоһǿϢһ׳ÿһ̶Ծŵ绨˿̲ص
ʮ˶Ƕ֣ƶ̣ŲأգۼԽף۶ô͵ĵΣЩƽûʲô
Ȼٶȼ죬һƿûз
ɽ룬·ߣϢǰ漣֪ǵΧܵϮҲΪϾ漣ܶþûж٣㳲Ҳûа취ȫɽ롣
οֱ漣ǷЩսǸлɳˡ
ˡ
˵֡
ͳһֱ˶ϵָоֻǻȴûоκɱһֻͨɫСڲԶ֦ͷ̽ͷ̽ԵĿЩ⣬ûзκֵĵط

ǰɣٶȣأСģǰ漣ǾҲӦ÷ֲ˲Ŷԡ
˴ͳôţ첿ӳһϿ
Ѿǳˡ
漣ͧĹϿȾͷֻҪݻٵ˳յͣſͧô漣ǵĿվ
Ǵͳ첿ԭ
Ŀȷ˴ͳϿȳڣƺѾܿͧΧһЩƤӹˣ̾ȫϣڽƽ
ǣ
˵ȽȻζûͳֱӷˡ
˾Ÿʿȴܳȷ棬Ͽȵ˲䣬ܺȻһɵԪ󲨶
ʲô
˷ϿȳλõұȻ˴ĸַ
Щһ𷢻ӳãҷˮӿֻϿ¹һ޴Ԫ󷨣緢һɽƵЩʿ̼оԪ걻ѹơ
ãˣ˴ͳɫ䣬ˣ
Щǰİ˻æֹͣͷȻԪʱǣסˣЩ˵ײǵ֮ٿͣסټ˶ء
̤ڵ档
׼忪ɲǡ
ʱͻȻһǿȻԽŵ״Ӧӿıըˣⱬը֮ңǷΧ֮㣬ȻǳֱɱΪĿĶõġ
ǿߵը֧飬ҲѪģ⵽شǱըȻϯ׾룬ʯ˺ѳƬҲһ̶ܵӰ졣
˴ͳоϢ࣬࣡
ɽðӰ˶ŷ籩ǹͿʼɨ䣬мͦ߻ǹ³ѤĻ࣬ƻǿԪֱ罭ӵ࣬Щʵ⧲֮£ҲʵǱ̼ˡ
˴ͳŭͷųԪ۳һĻԪסĹεضȥ
һǻǿߡ
ǱĻûǶ֣
Ϲͨϴ鱨˽һʼ˴ͳ죬𹥻붼û룬̿ŵԪڣԴͳһڡ
ϹƵļ翸Դ죬ֲϹŮ˶ɣһö޴Ԫڵӭ˴ͳȥˡ
ô롣
ôٶȡ
˴ͳǻʵҲֻܿӲͷƤֵ԰ֱӺ䵽ϣӲѴضҳһڻĴӡ˴ͳ쾡ûûɵȴҲһЩƤˡ
̵ģƤⶼ䲻Ϲưպļ翸һ󺰣ڣأŸʲôѵҪѣڸɵǣ
˺˿ֲԪ̶̼ӹѾǴôֲʱԪѾ׼һɿֲ籩Ͽ
ԪԪڵļǿ棡
ȻʹȻǰɫڵǿüһȥͨʿɱʿҲᱻشġͬʱϿ￪ǽʲôĳ棿
ѷ籩ǹͻ߻ǹѹƣðûзء
ĴΣϿѿڶ󼸷֣˳˴ͳͼʵ΢ǿĻǿţѾɥڻ֮ˡ
̫ûˣϹ漣ǵˣɱʱˣ̸ɱ
ɽ漣Ǹ֣ϿҲ񣬰˴ͳ챻⵽Χ˺۵λֵܵ
ϹһĲӣ˰˴ͳͷ­


漣˶ʱ
սһʼսǾĲ߻սԣȫ̱漣ÿһ֧ǱвӶ漣ǵİΧȦûһӵóȥôһ֧񲿶ӣȫڴˣ
漣۹͡
βμսƵ˿ȫõλ
û뵽ﻹʱʿ´
龫״ողԾȡЧ⳹״ǣ漣Ǹõı͵Ϯ
輰ʱʼճָ
漣ȫսʱеĽ״ָֻ̬ܿǰæµľ
ӨӨԳٴͶأⶫ̫ˣٲ±ɧˣôó
ε˵ҪĴڰʵϡвϣЩǴҲǺܶ࣬βҲû취ô
ǲܴ⣬սش죬һ߳ŭ˶ƮȻԵõʱֻȻֽСĵ̬ȣ漣ǾȻǿԪǷ֮սʱ򡣡
ЦС㣬δⵣ̫ͷˣȻ漣ʵǿǱȽǷһʹսҲûɻ䡣
սܵش죬ǲˡ
СΪǽô
һԮġ̾һ˵Ҳĵĵط֮һ漣ڻɭûѣɭҲְǣսǾ˵ˡοսǱĸߵصӰӣ˭֪ĸߵػ᲻ֺͲӲֽأ
Сĵеġ
漣αֳʵȻӣ漣ȻڹԮ״̬۷ʲô鶼ÿԼ
Һá
迴Աһνӵˣ漣Ǻ̻ỹгһָֻܹؼʱһ㾪֮


482 ޴Σ
սǴͳ繦δһȫߣһûӻ˵С¼漣Աֶκδ֪͵Ϯʱ˿̻˵Щʲô͵Ϯߵսǰ
漣ǲǿĽԡ
߱ˮ©ķ
޷ɭﴫˡ
˳ûʹҪԴձѡӡܵʧս˵̫ˡǲʧȥλ鼶ǿߣսɨءôɭȡѣ
֪Ժʧ㣬켸ҹûڳ￴ˡû棬ҲûӦԲԡ
սգڿٴγ֣ȫ飬̽νǰ⡣
ûʲô˵
ֱӸһۣ
Ჿӣ漣ˣ
սǵĻŻսѹֶշŭһԱ
ܴҪѪϴˢսҪμɭ֮С
ĥĸս̬ʮ䵭ûκα仯ʾһλֳֹȵľħߡ
飬Ҳеܷŭڴ˷ǳʱڣλҪ侲һħŵĿǰοµϯĻţʹͳȺ󱻸ɵ֮󣬻ŵڿ¼еλֱѾΪսǶˡǾ̫С漣ǲŵʧܣ漣ǻжٵ޷жϣԲóȻж
ŵ㱻漣Ƶ𣿡
սʿʮѵ漣ǣ
ŵսǵλѾǶΪһˣ̫ױܣرȫ֮£ȻܵЩļųˡ
û˵򡣡ûȥֹλ죺ûŵ˵˵
漣ǵ׳ʿﵽ壬ΧѲɲ෭ֻ漣һսȻǿ׳׿ֱ漣ǣôҲס
˵˵
漣ʲôף
㵽ǲսǵˣ
ŵûЩͷԵçֻǻ˵һα漣ǵʵ޿ʵǿ֮±ʧòʧڶ漣˳Ѳܣ֮ڶ࣬Щһ֮Բ֣޷Ϲۣ漣Ǳս֮ǵԸ漣ǵĳǾֱ漣ǸǾŮǹ漣ǲɱλɭ۷ǿߣ㾡ȫ֮漣ƴǲǵģǱıսԣ
սһߡ
ϸ룬ŵ˵ò޵
µʣн
ŵ֣ķսֶΣʩѹʽ漣ͶսǡѾʧܣǴսֶܽ⣬ԴһҪģȴҪƶһرս
ȻҪ
ôô
ΪǰһҶ̲ҷʳŵʼ˵ɭ漣֮ǵڶ࣬ȵ漣Ƕܾ˱֮߶ַͬ漣ǣͬ档ôܼʧʤ㣬Ҳܱ֮ǡ
±۾ηַ
Сϣ漣ǲ֡
ǴҶ̥ȫһ棬ƽǺѵġ
СƱԴԪʯǶҪȥɡŵ˵ԱӶ˿ڣ漣ǵĳзԱץɭָв֪漣ļֵڣֻǿǳ棬ЩԴƱؾȥɣ׿Щɽ󣬼ȥٵ鷳ͷܵʵΪ̰δ漣ǵļȫΪսõʱǷҲѾ̫ˡ
˶
йƳȴʲôֻ˵˵
ã۾Ŀһ˿â齻ȥ죬Ҫ쿴
ز
ŵ뿪սʹݰݷøС

һըųڻɭС
ƶ˳ǣʮսʿˣյĻư㣬ضսǶȥ
̾ǣʮ̾˴Խɽ룬һ·ѹľɭ֣ڵսǶȥ
⣬Ϣǣصһ³ǣȻʮ֩ĳһλ֩սǾۼȥ
ЩѰźŻ㼯һ𣬸ּ޲ڴһϢɭҪսˣ
ƶ˳Ǳ롣
̾˵ǱǾɽ
ص֩Ů
仰˵Զĺ壬ɭľ壬ɭֵĳȫˣìͷָ漣ǵģ
˵ĳУصȽأʱ̫Ϊ֪⣬жǻɭв൱ĴͳС漣Ǿ㵥Ըκһ¶û̫ߵʤ㣬οĳ֣
֮ս⡣
ʮ̿ʮ
峤Ƚƣֻӵһľ޴Ǻķǻ壬;߱߷ʮܳѹ漣ǲǿĿվӿֱӴݻ漣ǵʩͷϵ
̾Ǿһ֣ⷢ̣ձ鳬һɣͲѷɫʳħţͷ֣Ƥֱ֮ͣǹ룬ȿսʿʮ̾ͬʱ𹥻ֲֿǳġ
֩սʿսҲóö壬кǿرóڵصڴԵ˷ش̡֮Ĺʤʮֽթ
սǵİ˲ӣºսսмս
ηϣȫյر͵£۵սҲѹԵģ漣Ҳз֮
ֱҪ漣ǵԪʯͲϣ
̾˵漣ǵĳǳعˣ
֩˵֩Կɽ漣ǵĵоȤ
ããλԶҵȻǳԿ¸߸߾Ʊ˵ǹ˾ƣһٳ׼漣ǣӻɭֵĵͼĨ
ãɵ漣ǣ
øɭ֣
սû棬ȫеҲܲҲ⣬ս漣ǳοڶս˵ѾҪˣҪǾ漣Ǹƽ棡
ĳʽγɡ
κƺƴδţɭﱾҡڲ䣬ڼȫߡ
û취
Ȼսǲб̫ǿˣ
жǻɭвһУƣǿ׳̵سֻǶˮƽھ㱻漣ǣɳһ˽գôʱܸıʲôأ
ǰԪȫ漣פص㲿ӣҲܵסĴӢľŰ
ս漣Ǳذܣ
ΪѹԵǰ漣ûѣɭҲְæʲôͽ͵ģ
ɭǿɭȻУüʮ֮ࡣһдСȫڽָ漣ǡ
һǰδеĴΣ
漣ǿת˲ͻᱻΪƽأ


483 ϣ
ޱޱ㱨磬Ѿˡ
ôæŸǿӵޱޱͨʱֹͣٶȲһȥúϢ
漣ǵһɽ첼þ󷨣漣Ǵ󲿷еȴܹɽĶ츣زȴ½κȻγɵѷɫϾΪĳء
漣ɽɢȫɽҪŨҩҲǲܵġ
߽ɽȾ;Դ
ɽﶼȺʢľ󣬻С԰ˣ漣̻ƵĻҩģҲɻ帺չˣ漣һܻ԰
漣԰סżٸϲ漣԰ǳһָɵģԣԶʤĻ԰ڻѾﵱԼļ԰ˡ
С۷ŹҩܣһȺסˣ¶¶ֲںǰС꣬͵ѽıƨŶ
һ겱Ӿ΢Цſ¶¶ղˣסĻϰ𣿡
ѽѽô¶¶ͻǶѽѽĽţȫȥΧߴߴ˵ͣͦõģһ㲻Ȼ԰ǾӰռ䣬ǰȤءֻǳҲǵģǣѵѾˣ
ǸǸһ
Щܵ˵һ䣬ž԰롣
һ鱻רĿյأԼһҵֱһâ״󷨡
ϸϾͻ֣ᷢâǸһǿռ䲶׽󷨣Ҳǿռֿԭʼâмһε󷨣ṹǳ£ǿռ䲶׽һ
âǵԪΧݵأмʮɫÿһģʮҸ߶ȣֱһ̿ĸЩȫԪܵġ
ȷû⡣
ޱޱ»ͦϸĵ
ĽǶһ¶¶˵Ҫʼæˡ
¶¶ͻǶ¶飬֪ʲôǻǧҪɵ飬ܹһ漣ΰˣ
Ȱȡɡ
ţ
¶¶һſƽƽӣӿûκص㣬ֱһ·ּʯӡ
ǰӷŵ룬Ҫ
Сâ󷨵룬ٸΧ˫֣һ˿˿Ĺ⻪ͷųӲһȦջ档
û˿á
ھƷҩȴ޷Ӳһ˿ãһͨͨʯͷһ
ʱ춯ֿԪ
ǿռ䱻Ԫ׽ԴԴϳȡԭʼռϢձâǵ룬纣ˮ㣬ӶʱɿռϢɽȥ
Լʮӡ
ͻȻϸ΢޷׽֣ʯͷֲڱ棬ȻһС˿ѺۣȻйޱȻӿ
оϮʱֻûë׾綼ͨ
һɺεȹ϶

зӦˣ
зӦˣ
循ϲĴڸոճһ仯ʯͷȫȷ¾һ֮
췢һ˿˿й͸оͨҪڶ༸ֲ֪ȡʲôЧء
˼
Ǵ˵еô
¶¶˵ֻһΣʧ´뻽ѶȾ͸ˡһҪоҲҪܣ֪𣿡
ǣ
һɹģ
ǵЩӣǧ밡
ҵޱޱʱڳˮӨӨϹ졣
磬ô
Ĳ
ʱûҲû취ѽ˭漣̻пռأ϶ǲȥģӨӨֻǸӣ֮£˭
ǺԼһ޶ãޱޱ;÷ǳԺڳ﹤оҪãϾһŶӻз棬һָͷȲϡ
絽ʲô
ΪܼӰɣ
ǻ顢ˣȫо꣬ǲܣ
⼸췢ô£Щܻõùޱޱݺҧһڹӣǰѹӵɿ³ݺݵñݽҧ飬漣ǣˣ
ԣԣ
Ůͷ
漣һб深ϣ漣ǲ漣̻ᾭӪһУǴҪ԰˭г˸顣
λˣǸšͨȺȻн飬ǵ
м£
˲ҵޱޱһ˲ƣ˶
һûӰȣɫǺŮ˿˿漣ǵĲ񲿳̶ӣʱ䲻棬ôȻأ
һĻسǾ˲سǣЩͽӣԼصı飬ʲô鷢ˡ
С㣬ʲôˣ
鲻С˵˿鱨ɡ
̶Ӻò̸׵ļһҹȫѡ漣ǻֽޣҪˣ˿˵飺Ҿ֪ԭǶ׼ͶĳԸ漣ˣ
ĳӨӨĪĳ
֪漣֣ΧѲѣΪ漣ǵĸٷչʵǿѾЩевѳΪһʸ֮ˣ˿˵սǡǡƶ˳ǣеѨǣжչжǰܹԱʮȫǵľӢµǣ̫׳󣬻ɭܶͲȫͼˮ㣬ǵĶڼ׳һɻᳬĹģ
ȫĿɿڴ
򣿰Ĺģ
һμĳ֮
һ漣ζûʤˣ
ڼôæʣжʱ׼
ûʱˣһʱĳǲѾڻУɭֲȺӦ˿һ˵漣ɰ뾫̵سתͶǳǷ⽻涼ܱڸҲѣҲǳһ漣̻Ĵ鷳ˣ
µսǻᶯԵûвµôǿ漣Ǻֹ鷳ֱ֣֮
ô죿
ô죿
ҶĿ䵽ϡ
˭֪̯̯֣ôңҲĴ֣ҾֶͨΣôʱҲıʲôˡ
춼û취
ѵ漣ûϣˣ
˿ʱɫôյĪǾҪӰ
ҲҪ̫żվа취ġֺȻĪ˵ޱޱܴȥһɭ𣿡
Ҫȥɭ֣ǲܽģȥʲô
Ҿʱ̸һ̸ˡ


484 Ͼϵ
ƺΨһĳ·
ɭпְܻæǰϹŶľ鱾ų֮УοζԸ漣ǵ󣬶ɭǿľͷɭֺ;һܱܻȥ
ΰڰ֣ôܸҪһԣֻܵˣ
ޱޱԥӵͷãһԡ
Ȼе㲻ţȥɭЩ̣
˵Цγɭ⣬ûܾȵǡ
˵𣿡
ܲ˵鲻Ҫȴһġ
ŵ״Ӻζ
ôƶ漣ǣ
漣ǾͽǶޱޱļ磺²˳٣߰ɣ
ޱޱ˵һпռ䣬̼Զ
Ȼ漣Ǿɭ·;ңԶޱޱĿռ·̵ҲʲôޱޱͿþʱ˳ɽ⣬һӫ̦޺İɫʯС
ޱޱָųͨ˵ɭֵΨһڡ
ɭֻǳ⣬һؾĿռ䣬ɫС֮⣬ûһͨܽɭ֡ƫСͬķߣҲԶɭȥ
Ϊɭֿռṹʮ⣬ʮָĽɫСΨһĳڣҲɭֳΪһѹԴ棬ɶָ㣬
ޱޱЩûףҴ㵽ѾǴģСһоְأܲܽȥ͵ÿˡ
ûϵԿɡ
ޱޱʼղ·һоյģʱһûʲôǳ㲻飬ȻôаգǾƴɣǱץؼʮ꣬Ϊ漣鷳ʲô
վס
ʲôˣ
ո߳СʮɣͻȻ쬵ģʮ鲻ôðÿ˶ļǰֳָų졣
ɭֵ
ޱޱæվ˵ǲҪᣡҴģ
ޱޱ£ΪһǳľŮЩȣôһСˣѵ㲻֪شȻǾŮɭﻹǾ˵㣡
ޱޱϽ˵λ漣죬ǸڷĳΪɭַչ;ӪУҲɭһԱҴҲ޲װɣ
˵Լ
ο˵ɭֵ
ޱޱû뵽ǣЩ֣ȫ۾âһλǴĳᣡ
ޱޱɴ۾ɣ
һʮֲ죬鲻Ǻ޲ðж˿Щ̬Ҳ̫˰ɣѵֻΪ˧
ΪŮЩĿ⿴ų죺ɭкܶ漣̻ĶرǲŻܴҵϲǳϧǣﲢûźţǾ͵͵ܵźŵطΪ漣̻Ƶأ
ǰһ˵ʲôʱźŸǵǾͲô鷳ˡ
˵˵ЦһЩ鷳λܷиҽȥأ
ǶЩԥɭִûǱ£ԵƬ̡
Աϡ
ɱȥ
ޱޱɭ֣û뵽漣̻ĲƷȻѾھзչôͻΪЩƷԳ졢漣̻ӡĽû׼ְæأ
챨ŵľûлȻϰٸɫףֳֳеľ¾ͰѳޱޱΧסˡ
ޱޱɫһʲô֪֪˭
Щ˵Ѻ˽ɭ֣ȻƲôÿǳȷʵΨһһɭֵࡣ
ɭֳޱʢ̫ͷųůâɭ֣סΪݣǣľ֮ɭֵÿһ䡣
Ρ׳ڲٲ֮ϣѩ׾µʯɣÿһϸڶкĻ̡
ûú;ͱ͵֮ϡ
ʮ鳤߶Ѿˡ
һλʮ꣬˸о񣬷·ÿһ磬ؾ۶ɡ
ޱޱס첲æЩһ֣
Цҡҡͷޱޱܵʲôѵ֪ɭǲ𣿡
᳤¹˹վޱޱԽɭش棬ڴһ˽ǲˡǸϲŪһЩ죿ڵ˱ԽԽֱ֣ǻ˾ѵˣûȥ׷ȴܵɭ㵽ΪҪǲܸһ˵뿪
Ȼ֪ظû뵽ظֵز
˹Ѿõˡ
첻˵ģ
һޱޱסˣ˹᳤΢΢һܵɭȻģ
˵иУûóУ
¹˹Ա߾һۣУʲôУ
޿κλش𣺡̵ָسǡ
£Ȼ̵سǽ¹˹¶ŵı飺иھ飬ʲôʸοھ壬תӦþͶƱܾ˽תóǷǶԾ񷨵£ΰȷ˵һС
컳Ͼô˵ȥ˵ҹæһڳѾΣڵϦܣػԾͰѳй黹ɭ֣ϣλԱܹջسУ˳漣ǰ񣡡
üʣʲô飿
ʵ鶼˵һ飺սǡǡǡѨǣΧ漣ǣֻɭֵܹԸѳй黹뾫λԱڳ޹漣ǣ
üͷ
¹˹˵бͲϿɣɭ֣ôܻΪһϷĳоսѾûдսˣȰƽ壡
ΪԼԴǸ˵
¹˹˵ʵ֤ΪˣЩɭиʼûܵκӰ죬ǸҪĳкأرǻɱ¾ĳУΪȳϣ㴳ɭ뿪ɭֲӭ࣡
Ա׷׵ͷ
Ǻ漣ǻƻɭֵİ
ޱޱЦһ붼ϹŰ塣˭а취Ȱǳҿʲôֶΰɣ
ɴ۾ɭֵ治漣ǣ
ȣ
ɭֵ漣ǣ
бǲϷģ
ðɣ¶һ׳ı飺ɭֲ漣ǣλԱǩһԼ漣ɭֳ׶ϾϵӴԺ漣Ǿһˣ۷ʲôʲô飬鲻κνںɲ漣ǵ񡣡
ʲô
һ˵ȻɭֲԸϺͽ漣ǣôʱ̣漣ֺαرɭֵȥսأֻʱ̣óΪԼս
¹˹붼û룺ˣ
ǲܷڣ
һ壬ôܡ
ˣˣǩɣ
춽֮£ʷٶͨߣǩԼ漣Ƕɭ˵ǲϷģҳ漣ǵĶȨӴԺ漣Ǿһǡ
Ȼˣ¸ǣ쿴һޱޱ˵ȥգ빫ɭְɣ
Աϡ
쳶һֻʧֻɵӵޱޱ


485 ٳ
ܵɭֻ֣ΪϾϵ̫˰ɣ漣ǻȲˣޱޱͳ뼤¹˹һָʱֶɡ
ʲôޱޱ񱻲ȵβ͵èѾỹң
漣ɭѾûκιϵˣ幫һʲô¹˹ץסᣬӵ˵ο漣ڷǳΣգΪȫ룬ӴЩ໮ֽޡ
һͷ
ޱޱһռ䣬Ѿ¹˹Χһ㵭ɫĹ֣Ȼޱޱˡ
ôͳôһȱ湫¹˹Ҳ̫ȱܽ˰ɣ
ޱޱö᳤񡣡ЩΣϹŶҲû취ʱҪˣȻ͵ɭסһӡ
ҲңһҪȥ漣Ҫң
עǣһ飬ҴѾ㹻࣬һһһ궼ֹ¹˹˵᲻ܷμȥˣӽ쿪ʼѧϰʮ󷨵;ʮǣΪһй淶󣬾ָɣ
Ҿ漣ҲѧЩƶأ
ɲˡ
ޱޱ뷢ߣ¹˹ޱޱһָ˫ʵʵ̫ޱޱԪֱӾͱӡòˡ
ȥ
ſңſң
Ѻޱޱ뿪
¹˹ͷž¼£Ϊδ룬ᣬǱԸôĥĥΪĹӦΪδ꾫
˵ʲô
ȻǾߣξһӰλѾվϼһ
ἸʮϯλУֻϯǾһɵģ඼ǰ¹˹Ϊ׵ıɺʹͳɡԼؾǧǷΪ׼˼̣֮ơ
Ű¹˹ľ᣺ƺ߱Զ̶λδŵļгֿռ似Ѿ𣿿෢չѾһǧ
ߣѵǣɱ˫ۣȷչֻ𡣡¹˹м˵ΨлعȻ˺һ䣬Ǿǧ֮ʹǻۡأձȻΪ½УҲԶˡ
ͷ
᳤˵̫ˡ
㹻ǿԱԼʹʧңӶɱ¾
ޱޱӡؽһ̽ͭ档
Ὺʼǿѧϰ鷨䣬иǵ伮һҳ飬ͷ綷һҧűͷһԹһ۲۵ĻȻһ
ʱ£ôˣ
ޱޱ°ɣµġ

߽ޱޱڶεЦЦ˵Ҳ㣬ˣ
ըˣ
ޱޱ˵仰ʱ򼸺ˣһ۰ĸһݵĳ磬˾ȻôޱޱԼһôܲŭ
ɵѾͷദ£ѵΪ𣿡
ޱޱһ㶣˵ʲô
ȻҲ֪ʲôô϶ԭ򡣡ޱޱ˵ڵʲôǺ֪ܿ

ޱޱɡ
Ϊ˺־ȷʵǳΡѵǹɭ־ѣֹԼɭ֣ôʲôĿأ
漣ܶס
ѵ֪Ȳ漣ǣΪǣ԰ͻ
ޱޱ뵽ͻȻ͵һ

ʱ漣һ㣬ΪĳѾʮƺƵ漣ǽһ·췭ա֮ơ
ƽ漣ǣ
ƽ漣ǣ
ƽ漣ǣ
ɭֵϿգȫصųɱź
̿İ뾶ʮ岿ӸǲգһЩǿߣֱܹӰ׸߿գ漣ͧһ𹥻Щ˱Ȼᷢ֡
̾һСɽӰƶһɫĺѹɭ֣ѹһľһƬǽ塣
ʮսǡޱ˽ýƶţס̾˵һ˲ӷӴʱܷƵУ֩󷽺͵£漣ûκοɳ֮
ڻɭﵱѵһ
׷ϸ漣У漣вͬѪҲҪĳַͬ漣ǣ·漣ǾɱȫҲĴһ
ĳ֮ӦԽԽࡣ
ǲǿǶᡣ
漣Ҫ군սôǾӪĴɭֳУлĵ̺ͲƸǴѣ˭Ըȥһ
֮սָӹսԵΣ
Թ˧Ա漣ǵӡ
ҪƸҪءҪԴҪ
սһҪõ漣ǵļ
֪ͨȥȳ岿Ϯ漣Χɽݻ漣Ƿ裬ЩͶ漣ǵĲ䣬Ϊռݼݵ㣬֩ȥʱӪأ
ǣˣ
Ѹٴ
岿һ󲿶ӣȳգԼٶ漣ΧĻɽȥ
򣬷Уʯ
ֹ籩б¡
ûʲôս岿׾ٵɨһʩ

漣Ҳ̫˰ɣ
Ȼһ㷴ûУ
ĳǾŹ漣ΧѴ֮Ϊ漣Χɽ䶼һˣв䶼ȥ¥ա
Щˣѵˣ
ܰɣˣһ·Ϊʲôûпǣ
ЩҲЩνСҲ⣬ײϾ޷ŹڼûпЩǲҲûҵκмֵ
Ƕᵽ漣ڲˣ
֣ƺƴľѹ
ΧȻûһͶ
ʲôϵأ
Ҫģ
ʮ֩սʿڿɽң첻ʱʱӪأʽפУַƺͽ綼֧漣չš
ĳϾŶûվȡ
в
һ漣ǵĹŹЦһ岿ӻǣ
漣ǾöԪսģЩ䵽ӪУ̼ɴ˺
ǣ̳ˡ
Ȿһٶȼ壬ǿɿԽ٣漣̻ᵼոտʼзǺܶ࣬ȫڰбٷն䣬ûһöܹ˳Ŀĵء
漣Ѿǭ¿
¼˾ͳ׷ġ
ĳϾŲĲӣγǿķߣ漣ʧȥЧ漣ȫûвûԮ˵ʮ֮£ֶܼ೤ʱأ
ȥ
׼ʼһֹƣ


486 
ˣһ漣ǵսʿƨܵϹǰϹƴͷ˰Χȫռˣ
ҿˣֲϹϹվһɽϣԶԶؾܼ˴Ӫֱޱ޼һƬ󣺡̵ģΪ漣ǳѪ
漣ΧɽأڱĳϾŸռݣ漣ڲɽΪءΧҲǲѶΪ֮Ϊ漣ǱСȦ۸ǿ
˸еǳ־壺Ǹô죿
Ϲüһ˵ô죬Һݺݵش򣡡
ĴоƲɵ٣ⲻζ漣Ǿ⣬Ȼ漣ûеĻǽ磬кüٸ̵ػߣܹ֧СΧĽ硣
漣̻͸ԪѾĹıȫ˵漣ǾȳԪھٶţǿԪʮţǹеơ
漣̻̾
漣ΧҲֳ߶ҳûһѱ䣬һٶϼҴӿ漣սȽǿ׳μսΪ漣ǹ׳Сķ
ȻŵЩҲٻأӨӨ˿ҲҪսĹĶλֱ͹Эս
漣ǰ۵սͳͳ۵һ
Ǿ漣һս
䣡
䣡
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Ϲֻӵ㴫ע⣬еоͼ͵Ϯ漣ڲΪǵĵԱ赲
Ϲͳһͼ
ͼһƤﴫӰϣ漣Կ龫״ÿһٶ̽漣ɽźţݽд֮ͻᷢ㣬ݷǰָӹĵͼ
ǰָӹҪλϹƸߡȻߣÿֳֻüÿ򶼲𲿶ӡ˿ƿؿٷӦӦӣӨӨȿͧͿվӣ븺ȫ֡
ߣֱ
Ϲؼ֧ͼ͵Ϯ漣ϵ֩սʿֶΣ˿Ԫףȫ漣ΧЩ֩սʿըŹأ
һ𣺡ע⣬оģҪϷѾصλָӹս׼
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Ϊս̫ˣ޷Ϥȫ֡
Ϲȴڵͼļ£ͼ̷仯źŷֲͼͻȻۼͧĸ߿ͼϹܹؿһ֧岿λó
ЩһǷǳƻɽǰûа취ֱ棬ͼ漣һֲ
ϹЦŵӷԪڣ𣡡
ʮԪڵתڿڳɽķ϶Ȼʲôûг֣ǲִֻʱ
Ԫڸոտ˲䣬ɽ屳պưӿӰԪú棬˲Ǵֲ˲Ϣ֮ͱɵһƬɺü
ϹƹЦЩ˲ǵ񳲴ţȻǿ漣ǵɣ
ڡǹеͶǹ
漣ȽԪﴫͳͶǹһ𷢻ãֹ⻪ʲϵſѤâޱȣֲӰشϾһɭֳеľӢӣÿսʿǰһĸ֣ǻٶʵ̫죬漣൱๥գַС治漣ؾ
̵ػչ˫ۣһһ֣赲Էƻ
ʱȺ̾˶ɣɽԽڶһνգѪ֮͸Ҷŷ籩ǹ͹ϰʿɺɫϿȴӵɱ˫ս̼ͽ뵽ȻĽ׶Ρ
ԶԶȥΪ֮𺳡
ǳû漣ǣսǵ³ȫӣҲδ漣ǣ漣ǣսǲҲ˴Ǹòʧ
ŵһ
Ϊ˼£
漣Ǳʵ̫ϣ
漣ûдͻǽ磬Щɽɽ漣Ƕԣǵûа취Ϊϣһ̶谭Ƿ漣Ϊ͵ɭֳУ̫ˣսͨĹս
طҪһ©ٳӴ
ȴܹ룬κεط䲻Է
漣ǲսһʼʹƣӾʵ˵Ļ漣ǲҪٲѵĿսʿмļ±Լ̵سǵİ뾫ӣţƴ˴յƾǵܲЭսǿ
ĳϾŲһ
һ֧ӣȫǸǵľӢ漣ܱȵġʱ˺Ͷ߱漣ǣȴӲֵסĽ
Ԫ޲޴ս蹵
ж̬鱨ϵͳֲз©
Ϊˣ漣ǵסĳ뵲סһνڷ͹һСʱȴȻ޷漣ǷߣĳǾָѾȫˣôȥòʧ̰ѲӶ˻
һѪս
岿ʧ̾ʧһǧ֩ʧ򣬰ʧ壡
ܼսˣ
ɫʱȻ漣ǷʧҲСĳ̶ȻԶԶԤ
򿨰±Թ³漣ǵʵǿ̫࣬ȴԷķ߶ûйơҸҴģ漣ʧܶûǶ࣡
ڻɱ𣿡һ漣Ȼĳδ֪̽潻սĹ̵У뷢ʮ֧͵Ϯӣǲһɽ͵͵Ǳ룬޲漣ǵأҲӦˣ
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˵ô죡ֱ̾ϣʧôأ˵Ѫܰ漣һҪ
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ʱȻĳǾŻң漣ǻԱɶ漣˵ֵҹҲǷǳս൱

Ϲƻصʱͷںۼ·ãսϣǱص㹥ϹƫƫһӣȻԷƣȴȻ˸˰Σǰ棬в廤дʮ
ȻҲˣһƶᣬܲ
һһ㱨״
Ȼ߶סˣǸ̫
˿ü˵üԪѾûˣٴοսûԷ֩벿ӡ
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Щһ㲻ûֱ漣ð
սΣͷҳü췣ͧŤתս֣ոͶըһ룬ҵ˿ͧλãӨӨ߷߲ƽ˵Ǽ붼ʵٶ̫죬ͧûӿ췣ȫݻˣ
ңϹһȭϣߴڱǻɣٴοսͲˣ㣬ǻûпĴڣٸұŲ䲹ɣ
ûˣҲǾͷ綷̾һҡҡͷڴĹ޺װĴڶ͵սʵѾľȫԴҲûа취ˣ
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漣Ƿûбƣ·ȴѾǴˡ
ĳĵڶνȻøң漣ڵ״޷ֵ


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漣ȱǽƣԪơȻսɢ漣ǻӸ״漣ǣ̴õǲ
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²ӴӪҲϲ࣡
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漣һֲ
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׾֮ȴȻִֹܱۣܸ;һֹƵķسɹ𣿡
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βü˶еǳء
ʱȻе벻ףΣʱ̣ǳ췢õʱôӦа취Ŷԣ

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漣ѾΣڵϦ컹ȥ԰
ӨӨ˵˵漣ǵͿӭжˣİ취ڻ԰ǸϽȥ֡
Ϲƽ漣ô죿һִأ
Ȼӧ˵ҺͼλĺүԪ㹻˽⣬ʱؾ棬ȻĽλȥһ˰ɣ
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˼άǳ޷⣬ŶԳΣϣʲô֮٣˾ͰָȨȻľ򣬼˴Ҵҵܵ漣԰
첼õľαװЧվڽ޷Ȼһ߽Уȴͬһء
԰ͳͳйһʢ֮ءڸǱһޱȻˣ԰һ㵭ɫ뵱֮Уÿһκܸо롣
ǵǿһ޴ϿһֲҲѸپۼ˿ڶϡ
վһâԱߡ
׿ռԭʼϢɼװѾü죬þһ̨ѹեǿռѹեԭʼĿռϢеѾեȡϰǿռˡ
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ЩǰµС;ƶɣܹάֽ׶漣֮ãȴﱻ̶̼ľˣ
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⡭⵽ʲôϹƵɴ۾ŷͷųǿĶѾƷ漣ֶôȫ֪
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졢衢ӨӨϹƣ˶ɹϵУȻǿȷǳĸߣȫ޻ܹգӶﵽΪЧ
Ͼһӣ
һҲԿƷ
ĸоԪΧ˳ӯȫսڣ°Ϊضڻ°ɣܿѹ뷨Ϊ̼䱩ǼأȻǷǳ˵ģӹؼչ»Ӱȷ
Ϊʱ
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´ٴζ漣Ƿ籩͹
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漣ǾͿֵסˣ
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ĳǾʿǣ漣ؾڽڰˡ
¶һ˿Ц⣬սûʲô漣ǱѳΪ֣עҽ߻ŵΪһƣȫ湥漣ǣ̽漣Ǹ߲оԱȫץ
ڲƸԴ
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漣ĳǿҲգ۹ʹݵ⣬ںһ㡣շƴ䣬Ȼ
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Ȼ׹漣ǵ롣
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һɺƺƵѹ漣ͷų˲ַԲǧķΧһɺεǿ
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ޱޱӶʱһҪȥ漣ǣ̫ˣԳ֣ЩϺзûʲôµģ
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һĿ̫С޷ģΧˣСֲܵסǣЩɱ漣԰
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졢衢ӨӨϹƣ˿ȻЩƣ״̬ȴǰδеĺãΪϢϵĸΪѾﵽѶ۷壬ͻƻѶأϹֱӴﵽ۷壬⻹Ǿվ磬ȥĽ
³ԶԶ裬Ϸǳۣϱʱøӿȣջ񰡣
ӨӨսȭͷߣΪǣ㿴Ϲ飬һϺ׷ַӾͻᱻ
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ЩⶼǾ岻òӵġ
ɭ漣ǷչãԶ෽ѹȻЩⲢھĿǷΧ֮ڣȻöǶʵоţǲ뼸ɭ־ͷԿ˿һֻŰ
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⣬ǻɭ治۲۵׸
λһͷѪͳĺҪóʹúڰֵ;ۼģ඼а֮вǵصļĺڰ壬ھ顢顢ħȵȣвΪǿֻ죬һ綼ɭֵı
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λɭ۷ǿߡ
Ҫ漣ǿ̫
ҪûƺûȤЩ˽֣ҵʱܱھֱɣᵽζöˣѵͲ׼óǿô
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һԱצ˵һֻҲû̫
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رצŭ¶һ˿ɵ֮ɫһξλѣɭֳ겻˹Ҳûλ潻ֹԾʵΣȻΪ֪
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496 Σ
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ֻǳϡ٣ټӾʮϰ궼һ£ڸԴҲûʲôıҪ˱Ⱦ廹Ҫ͵ڱԡ
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497 
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岻κ漣ưɭֱ߱ηǿ漣̻ᶥǿʱˣ˿˵ڱС
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˵Ժ֮ɫΪǰ漣̻Ƿ漣̻һȫԶܻĹͬʱҲǴ½ʷϵһԶܹ漣̻ǰǰͶرȫֵõġ
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졢һŽһ߶
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ӻǰͷųһɰ뻡εܹ֮âһɢˮʼնš
ͬðɫԴײвӶܹԼǽһ壬ÿܵһιᱻһ֣״̬ܸպõʿһι
۾һ
ǿ
ͨʿֵܵʿ¾͹ֵһιսҲô˰ɡ
̫ϧˡ
սʧҲôء
зȻѾóɹôʵԶ
ǳͷǵԪװѾ죬ǸôӸ߼սˡ
ü߼ս
˵漣ͧվ̫ҾѾ߼Ķװãܹԡ״ԪڡܵȵȣķĿа
һʵŵòᡣ
ԡ״ԪڣµĻܣٽϱȷͧ߼ǿĶ죬ͽ˸еëȻ¼ҾһСˡ
ЩսˣӦòǺܴ󡣡Ŀ˼Ƭ̣ҡҡͷ˵һӵսзȻԲݣҲҪ˲šԴѡ漣̻ڵԱ²֧ĿҲܽŵģҿʱ졣
Щƣձ뾫飬ѵȱ˲ţ
뾫ѧȻ࣬ȴû漣̻ṤԶߵĿƼ˽⣬ҪһӦѧϰ̡ο漣̻оĿ̫࣬Ȼа뾫ǿѧŶӼĳЩȻȱ˲š
Դ;Ҳ⡣
Ѳһһô򵥵ˡ
̫ļô
Ÿô⣬ޱޱȴȻֻ˸߲ɭԪʯѾװֿˣҺ͸漣أģѽ
˼
˹һȽϿߣĸľģɭ֡Ϊλľǳɭֻôҷպ͸ˡ
屧һԶ𣿲ܣ
ıֻþø
ַǷǳµģ½ٷչհսԵȴʡıһ״ȻΪС塣
ĸ漣ǹؼ
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498 Ⱥ
ԪʯװжϡޱޱװԪʯ㼸ȷһ鶼û٣ܵǰ㱨գ
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ޱޱһůϲ̵˵ǵȻ漣ǵˣ漣ǵĹҲŲ漣ǲõ飬羡Ұɣ
̲סһ¡
ѾͷǲԼʲô嶼ˣ
漣Ԫʯһ˲䱩ʮܹʱǻˣֲ˴սʧ漣ǲʱȶǮ漣ǴŲþǣһ֮첻»Ǯ
ЧʱߣôҲͲˣӨӨóɡ
ӨӨԸھǰ£漣̻ˣܷѾ΢ÿܼʮڴΣǻҲѾѵܹʶѧϰҪ̡ԺҪҪٶȣ漣ǶḺģۺã
ʽȻǲģʮԪʯ漣һϢߴԪʯԪʯһ̨ôǿ⡣Ϊ漣̻ܹһ̨Գɱ༸ٿԪʯѡ
˵Ҳȫô㡣
νϡΪڳ漣֮⣬ɭǵһӵԵĵطδĹɺܶࡣиʱ侫ȥˣֵõġ
ԪʯɭҲûã
ֽ˵֪ͼ֮ˣ漣Ƕɹһ鷳漣ȻԴ˸мһɭּķ֪ûȤأ
һ«ʲôҩ
·ǳף漣̻ǰؼʤȴһֱȱ㹻ԴԵ漣̻ڻɭֵչ衣ɭǡǡ෴ӵۼƵӴԴͲƲӵжɭֳУڻɭֵž޴ӰȴһֱûԴӼֵ
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֣ͨޣǴ䣿ҲϲĨǣֱ˵˵Ǻϻ￪ɭ֣ҳּ湲˵ɭﴢռ侧ʯ亱Ŀռ츳Ҳв٣ɭһ궼òϣɶ漣˵ޱȱԴҪǰóṩռ䷽ļ֧֣ʱɭͿռֿ⣬Ӷǳɹ۵ļֵ˫Ӯ棿
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һ˫ǾӮ
ƸԴҲǶţûдֵĿܣ漣һѲƷͼֻǿģ͵̣̫ܶʱɭ﷢չ֮£˫չγͻͽ
ޱޱǴ뷨̫ˣǸɰɣ
˲żüװûǸ漣ǸɡĶ̳ȴܷӸ˼ֵҲΪô
ôҪʲôˣ
ֻҪѧʶԨʵѧ羫ͨԭͨҩԭĶԣ˲ţռԡԡҲԽԽãȫҪ
θ̫ˣ˲Ų٣ǱȽϳǱֲᷢҿܣҲý
ʼ磺ҪֶˣžһУԻǧΪʷҪĸĸߣЩ谭ֺαôںأ߾͸ߵİ
һ˵ĵס
ǼңԳɭѰ׬鶼޷Ҳֻȥˡһν̯̯֣Դ϶ɭ٣׬Ǯ϶ûܵġ
磬ѽޱޱͷɦżر׼ȥͷˣǷǳĵģǲڼǰͷˣ
Ѿͷƨ
СӵĻһˣóҲҪʵ֧ŵģ漣Сȴ̸ôܻùƽͷ̰ɭ˭֪ο漣֮ģⲻ뻢ıƤô
漣ĿǰѡɭֺҲֻɭֺ
ˣˣҲüҡԳ˵˵˵ƻɡ
Ѵռ侧ʯóɭﹹ硣⣬巢ܶĿռ츳ס漣ǣޱޱ쵼ռֿ⣬硣⾫֧漣ǵͨѶصĻ鲼Ǻ;ܱ򡣡
Ϣݡ
һзչĻ
û⡣ͷ⴫Ϳռֿô֣
漣̻˳ɣɭֶɣ⾫ֻʹúͷֺȫûйȨ
̫˰ɡɫһ䣬ûз𣺡ɭֳ˳ռɣ㲻漣̻׬Щ̫𣿡
һϿҵӣҪ׿ռ侧ʯܷǳ󣬵漣̻Ѿ̵ҵĲҲ򲻵ġ漣̻ṩؼ֮⣬ֱṩĲۣ֮ԼԵֻܿϵͳЩȫǲĹؼ֮
㲻Ҫˣûо֧֣漣̻ڻɭַչٲά裬ûɭֵֺ֧漣̻Ҳھ̷չѵ𣿡˵ķ֣㹻òҲϣ漣̻ʾ
첻Ųæҡҡͷ£ӶԱ˴˵Ҫ̶ҲǾ漣Ǹû漣ǵĴ߶ĸﲻ֪Ҫȵ²ʵ֡漣̻أӻ֮£ƫһȻչЩҲ޷漣̻ɷ漣ǣǵŶӺͼ½첻ãûòɡ
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ȻΪ²ٺú룬ôһֳɣɭֺ;Ҫ𣿴ش֮󣬾彫ôͿռֿĲʹȨӦЩֱ棬Ӽֵֵģ
νֺȨָռֿδҵָ֮
νʹȨָռֱֿʳȨ˵һܴһٸˣӵаٷ֮ʮʹȨֶʮδʹֻҪȫ걨ֱʳãռֿʹȨҲͬ
ԶԾ˵Ϳռֱֿ沢ˣ˵ƶеķչԱ϶ƾķձݡ
׼޷ܾԲŻῪ
漣ǲЩؼʹ̫ġ
ǳߣһ㡣
ζ޷˵һֻ޿κ̾˵ðɣһҪοԾȷչ걸֮ǶԴܱҪ漣ɭΧһСϣ漣ǸһЩ㡣ϣ漣ܶɭֽһƷƩ˵ԪƩ˵ԡ
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漣ǶýƵ֮⣬طҲ÷չȰ漣Ǻ;ȫͨһʵٸҲ١
漣һЭ顣
漣ڻɭֵľӲʮ½ʮռֿ⣬ҪϢźŸڵʮ̳ǡƵҪһټҡ
ҪǾͳϽĵԾһ֧
漣ǷɭڳǱһСɽֿһһ˵ľСС漣˰ȴ漣ǹ漣ǶԾ忪һЩδҵƷоͰԪԵȵȡ
Щ㾫ᣬδ漣̻ҲῪʼ۵ġ
ϾЩһʲСƸ
õļ֮󣬲֪֪ʲô˳ͨᣬһǧɭ־龫ӢܿͰᵽСоͰٸҪ˲š
һж˳Ľˣ
漣̻ɭȺ辫֮ȡóɹô漣̻ڻɭǰδǿ
æŸɭƶʱ
ܹһЩϢ


499 
ܹǰعϢꡢӡȴһɽͻȻƷǳţһֱûдʱȴ˳˴ż˾ȥҰʲôֵģ
ʵǰżǰȴ͸оǿΣաҲ֪³֪ǳر𣬼ȻܹоΣգ˵Ǵ׵ġȴ׼ûз̫ɽھֱ
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벻ڣд;еģһĳЩԭסˡ˵Ƿǳ֣ȴǻǿߣܹ̫Ӧóѹǿߡ췴뼸ӣΣϹϽ֯ҪԹȥ
漣ǳǵҪʱʱ̼̿Ҫӿ뾫ȣڵĴܹòȥԳֻһΰ鶼衣
ҿڳԽԽ࣬Ӧòʲôġ
Ϲһмܴ̾ټʮ˹
Щձ鶼ǿߣȫ漣Ķ֡ڻ԰͵ԵС꾾˶û˵Ϳܹ
޼һ˵æôʧȥϢˣ̫ɽҲѾΧˣȥǾͿֲסˣ
˼˼ֻðڰ֣漣Ҳһ鷳ⲻողƽϢôӲµģȰң
컷ܷ֣̫ɽСı䣬Χɽڼսбըһ̫ɽҲֺܶ༤սۼɽǰĽȫѾ壬㳡𶯲Ѻ۲ǵ֮ӣЩطۼǳ£ͽһڿƮء
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޼ɥ˵龭ھִ֧ؽܵŵϷԺͿ顣⵱Ȼ֮е飬ðϵһ֧ǣַʽս
ô
ǲ֪ʲô־汣ֲ漣ȴ֪Ҳҵżڣ뿪̫ɽ̽żʱûκεԤף޼ɫǳѿź̫ɽ̫ɽɽ󱣻ѾըһƬˡ
ʱͱ⸱ӣϹһ֮ɫ̫ɽųƴĻɽأѲֽģ
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޼˵⼸սУǷһЩǳѰгִѱħЭսսʽڴܹǳʹõħ޴Ǵܹ֡⣬кܶصĸУ
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޷ȷΨһȷǣЩǰûΪսַܹˡ
ܹɽƣЩֱ˴˼ʮ˽⣬´ûн֣׶ԷһлӴܱϡǣЩ˷ܹȻԲͨĴܹǿߡ
޼ɫԽԽÿǰһոսûв´ĻǺܿͻᷢһֹˡ
£ļС׺꣬ȥǵϸ
껽ۿ̫ɽΧʿӪأܹԼʮ֮࣬ҶǸ͵ҵ׵ľӢ꽫Ұļнȥʱ򣬺ͻȻ䷢ʲô͵̧ͷצһצĶģ
ʲô˵Ŀ飡
Сʹͷ
Ϲƾܹ𣿴û˵û
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ͷ˾Ųʮˣû뵽ӥֱøӥǣôܹʽ͸ˡ
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ʲôأϹƺԼܵɸϴ˵ԾͿԣұ죬ݹð죡
ϹƻƢ˵ʹ򲻻Ậġ
޼Ҳоˣ췢ŮʵƱ껹ҪǿһЩ޼϶֣οϹƴʮСܣȫ漣ĸ֣²òͷ
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Щ˶̫ɽ˵൱ѹƣиˣ˶פһϹӨӨ׼㶫Ͽõϡ
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ͨռֿȡԪȫƴ֮ʵͲ漣̻ǰѾеˣǰܵͼȫһˡ
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ЩԴݡ
Ĺݵ볣ЫŰͲԴ漣̻о֣ЫһֳԵأܹڼʱӷΧսʿԶ
оߴɼЫ޶Ы޶Ӽ־ԶأٽʹŨȼҺ壬ԸܶѹʽװӶʱ
ɱͶҲȽϼ򵥡
ΨһȱݾˣΪЫװѹгǿӷԣһöֻҪȺը˲ͻḲΧǧײֹΧ˶˶ж
ԲݵĿƷ̨ûоǰһֱûбʵĿܣǵһβ԰ɡ


500 ɽʿ
ɫƻ轫
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ڴ󾭼ֹԱ̫ɽҹӻָٶȣԱ֮ǰ׹ڣ
콣šŸǣ̫ɽʬ鶴ҩȸλΣ
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ܹţ콣ššڡ̡鶴ҩȡ
ÿһŴжһ콣дϡʵǿȫǹԼǿĽޡóؿ֮аʬΪ̶ⲫʵˣ鶴ͨ󷨺ҩҩǷ켫
ǿ֣ôֵܵסأ
ŵһλøͰˣΪûһƤ¶ͷԿ࣬ӿӦһ׳λżʮˣÿһƵװ磬ȫԼͰһ
˽Ԭϣضѡ
ţҲһϵˮƽΪﵽ龳޼ۺΪʵСӡ
Ҫս콣ŵΪȱϯԬϿ콣ŵ˵һЩ򹩷׿ס𣿡
콣һɫĽ޴磬ÿ˶ɫɫۣΪһ꽣ޣҲͽʮӣ˫Ŀ硢콣ŵĸӥ
ҩȵĹƣ鶴ĶɽڵЩܹպĴʱ˿̶ۼ
콣ŵû
ԬصǣǲܶΧڣ˭ȥ׷ǰأҹϸ鵱ȻԳˡ콣Ÿӥҡͷ˵콣Щ򹩷ǰγǵʵҲˣûЩְڴôױƣ
ȷʵ
Щǿһʵǳǿ
鶴ĶɽһСͷ˿ԼɵĿ⿴ӥһŶĳĬӰ콣ʵͲЩٹƺɳЩ죬ǵԼںսƷļҹϷ֣ϣ콣ŲҪԼ
ӥЦˣ콣һԼڵĶ콣ŷֺȡ
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콣Ǵܹɽ֮ףʵѾǳǿˣƴļǿߣѾԽ׳ž
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ƺ֪ʵɳĺþͽĪΪڣĴڣŵϷڣ콣ŷֺȡ̲һ׳ĸԱܴܹơ
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ڴʱû뵽鷢ˣΧðӰΪһ첢ҿ䣬ֱӾȺ˹ȥ
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ԱʬһɱʽĺըȱڣǧʬڷͻϮˣ
ɽʿȻûϵڻᷴˣڷȻ壬ͻϮҲǼ룬δ֪ùĲλһЩæҡ
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콣ǿֶ߱ȻٶȺܿ죬ȴ첻ʵ޵Ľ
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죡
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ϹԶԶ۲쵽һĻǳź˵ɶȫûдУ
漣̻Ἴɳ̽״㹻ǿԴԽвٿأ򼸰Ŀ궼гʣȱҲǺԵģΪʵء
ʿͻ٣ڷӦı١Եɱǿߣﵽ屶ٲŹЫ࿰һٶѣʹɽĽޣҲûʲôֵġ
Ҫ쵹ǲŲæЫֲǿըԸˣ
ԼϰöЫϿձը٣ﴦڻУɽʿæŶԸͻϮ˭ûע⵽ЩʱܶѹĶ
Щ嶾ڱըѸҺǿҵɫ͸ѱ棬ɢٶȴǼ죬һ͸ء

Сģж
ʿ˷Ы޶ǼЧԶжʱѾ̫ˡݶ㱻ֶɵˣο漣̻ǿЧңɽʿԻʿΪܹ
Щ˷Ӧȴ̫ˡ
Ӱһжˡ
죡ȥ
ųϾҪ룬ڿƵʬȴôÿһӣǧʿɥʧս
Ѿȫңȫûǳ¡
ǴܹҪսò񻰣ϹΪһһʼһߵδ̫ȻȤ˰ɡ
ȴҡҡͷܹôǴɽΪܹˣ벻ȫһɣ
Ҫӡ֤仰ո˵꣬ͷˣɫɫӰɻȰ㣬ټ
Ϲƴ󾪣ʲô
Ķι״ĶЩЩȴʮֽСǾԳ֮״ÿһ涼ƣӡŸַķģֻһǵ죬ӱһѾ޴
ǻĻף졢ءǱˮӡ󷨺ͽƣҲѹûܵӰ졣°ͣ治ڻȻиߡ
ͯСǵϹʮֳԾĹ鶼ҲܹȻô࣡
ŵĻʦˡ
ȻСǾͨеĻʦ漣̻ϡȱ˲֮һ
漣̻Ѿչ۵㹻ŽҪɴ챤ݣҪĻʦʱ漣̻ʦȴǳϡȱܹٸѣﹻã
Żʦʮ
ܿƴܹȻɸྭḻĻʦ漣̻˲Ŵʮٱδƺǻӣ
Ҳᶨ㶨ܹľģ
ʦӶ֮ҲǱӳоҩȵ˾Ӷ࣬ҩرͨҩЯЧⶾҩϰ߰ɣֿܹЫ綾ɣ
ЩѸ֯ͼ
ܽǵóѣ
Ԫڡƻĵ׼ҵ뿴ڹܲܵס漣̻ĺը
Ѿװ
ʮԪָλ̿
ֱУһֲֿըʼˡ
ܹû漣̻ύ֣漣̻һ֪ʱÿռֿ࣬ȴԸһĽѵˡ


501 ̫ɽ֮ս
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ҩȽҩ׸ŵˣǽⶾʱԿһϣ
쫷ܷ鶴˽һѰѷƳɱӳ˷γ쫷绤ܣܹжٶȣǵܷʴֿܹҵĽ
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СģֵַĻˣ
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޺ʿӲŵǰʿγһͻΧǻߣⳡսʤ޷Ԥϡ
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ʮһİ׹⣬˺ڿϵ쫷ܣؿ帽ӸֱҲû𵽸еıЧͷޱըؽ̿Ƭ
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ϹƼ˳Էǰ̵عЦЩһʵôҿĴеĲأҴ򣬺ݺݵش򣡡
ʮԪٶȿ
ֱܻݻһƬ
Ԭ۾ˣЩףȱģֿµĹǰȻֽһÿһըĲǿޣŵĵڰ
Ѿڲμⳡսˡ
Ȼҩȡ鶴ڣʱ˿̶Щðʧ콣ڣһͻѹƣһǾҶŰжصĵԽԽ࣬˵һ޴ʧ
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502 ȫ²
ܵһɽŵĸӥΪȽҲֻһЩ콣ǴܹĽţǹ۴½Ҳõó֡
һλܶԸģ
ӥһͳ֮ݹâ޵ųǺҲ콣ŵĴǿʽ仯࣬ȻһЩ
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ӥһ󽣹˸ʮѽÿһѶǳǿ۶ɣԼɵ귽ʽɱ졣
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˵׽콣ɽ̫̣ȥڳһҲ÷˵𣿡

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ǶԷͫԽԽ

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糤һɴƻӰĵ⣬˲ᴩؿڴӵ̵գڤӿֽڵϡ
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վ̫ɽԶ˵ӽ쿪ʼܹҪˣ


503 Ѷ
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ס֣
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ӥսһǿĹң
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콣ӥ飬˵񾭡
֮ףӥս콣Ŷ֮Ȼңװǽġ
λݽ˼̼˵콣ŷȻǶв룬ֻҪܰæؽ壬ЭǶԸص콣ţЩһʹˡ
Щһ֮ʣƾʲô㣡
ûܹ飬ܹ˻ᴦݲ֣ڴܷѵûػģ
Ϲ̲סֱƲԳԷƣ
λдҲȻҲˣ֪Ϊʲôı𣿡
ӣδûС޶ʲô޷Ǳƻˣ
ҲδأѾûʱٸīϹͰǴ漣ǹ쿴漣ǰɣǼ֮󷵻̫ɽǻΪҶռܹôͷȥɣҳ첻ǿǿ顣
ϹƸϽ˵һȥˣ˭ȥұǣǼ䲻
ޱޱɣĿռѰЩ˲Ҫ˵ˣȥ
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Ϲûа취ֻðѼѹȥˡ
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ȴԤӦǲġ
ȥȴǶδ飬ʲô鷳
ûйϵȻλȷôӦòѡϹƻ漣ûжãޱޱͱ͹ˡ
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ޱޱһ۾˵Ϊˣ
ѽأޱޱЩ̧ͷھĻˣҲܰǣ
̫ˣͷ²˳٣ߣ


504 ԭ
ʮɭǿ̫߱ɽ
޼뾡첿𹥴콣ɽˣΪ콣ɽӥᣬӣ콣ţ콣Żӥϣ鷢չֵزǿɾʹ²ˡ
ؽζϴƺٷָ˭ֻԸԼԴ͵óȥð취˳Ƶһô̺Դֱȫ֣̽Ҳ̵ܴˣǽԴϲľ档
ôࡣ
һϾˣޱޱﵽأʵмȻܹȴĹһЩޱޱռǰô뵹㲻ʲôˣ
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˾ԭ
ۣƯ
ڸߵ֮ϣԴԱϵΪۼԪأӶ¸ǧѩƣտţ䡭ԶԶƲƽ̹ɽѩƣûֲǣһѩ׳ģ
ޱޱ̲ס¼£֣ƺҲ̫ˣȻ͸ԪӰ쵽ҡ
ûԪ̫ŨˡҲо䣬òתԪûв´ĻԭصһǳıӶۼǳǿҵı֮Ϻֱܹͨ壬ûΪ²һͻԪûа취Խԭɣ
㡢ӻޱޱ˵ԭСͨѶźûиҪҵҵʲôʱѽ
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۾Ӧһצָһ
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ޱޱСָ֮£ÿռƶջԭıһǳı涼Ƕɣһ⻬ڴϣ֮ɫڡ
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ѩűһͷɫʮ׳ݣʮ񿥣ȻƬѾѩǴ룬ȴȻܸоǿѹ

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ޱޱϸֹ۲켸ۣȴ֪ˣ
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ޱޱʮֱȥȻʮ˸ӰǶԼѸٶ򽣷𹥻

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ǿ߷ǣڿնʣ̡עⱻȥʱޱޱһηռ򽣱ȫһȥ
򽣻æյһָ

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ʵҲ͵Ϯңɫһȥɣ
һѳʱָоһռ䲨ԱߡȻˣ
ͼı佣򣬽ոŲͻȻһɿռϣһдͷ˽š
ޱޱĹռն
ιʱǡô򽣷һδ֮Ȼ̣ٻ˳죬Ѿûа취ʩչСལޱޱĿռ乥ڴ͵ǰѾ
ޱޱԼǡڸǿռնͼޱޱⲻ֪ľɱһѾϡ
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ǿߣ׾
Щź˵̫ˣȫԺſһ룬סСལûŪ̫ϧ
콣ŵСལǳȤź͸Ŷɴˣ߾ѧ뷭Ѷˣ
ˣ
ȴﳤһҲѾˡ


505 麮Ȫ
򽣱֮ӥֲΪˣʮ̺ޱޱ֣ͽͳͳ㶨ˡ
ȴû°ɣ߹ȴָСӣûֱӵڱϣȴҲʹȴԪˣԳֶκ漣ǵôƵҲʲôˣأ
漣Ǵ˶սˡȴɫʮأĿǰܲˣڱż֮УƺǺ
ʲô£ȥ
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ڱ̨ϣȻǻˣЩûûεĵ٩˵˵Сãɽ֮һ䣬ôôһأ
ޣûȫƺãôô׾ͱܣӱ԰ɫڸӲ԰ףһƽ̨ϣһޣˣȻң
ϢŭϢŭμһֻڨڨЦЦôûôˣ
겻Ǹҹ
ӡȴ졢ޱޱʼϵıżǰżģԶҪܶ࣬ڷŹϱڻɢ䱻и߸ľ޴Щ޲˵ĺۼ
һһ߹۲죺أǼôط
ܹ˵һȫȷһһ˵ʵһǳϵĴУʷ͵̲һɽѷɫֻǶΪ֪ˡɽв̫һжԴѪͳżߵƺҪֻһ߱Ѫ˷ܽܣʱžγһ塣ΪͻֺӶ±˴ʣһС뿪ԭγҡ
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ֱϵҪ֮ȫᱻ͵ѪصϹԴܹڶʱڻþ޴չ
Ѿˡȴߵ룺Ǳԭ֮أΪңʮֵգ׼
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УȴѺӡĴƿȻһɽܼȻ׼ȴȻһֱ봩ѪҺ̼ȴԪֹͣסˡ
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ʿû̫£Ҳ̼ܵܵ˺ʱ˫Ѿɰɫռȫ£޴ںǳǿңȴͻնݵĿռϣǿԿʹնرܣʡ
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һ޴ıʵףɫǵɫģԽ룬ɫԽʵзǳĲθУǷǳӲȾͿ3ϡн̺ǳǿıܴ׿ԽװԽɼƷԽߣһֵıء
ȻˣعȻעģȴЩ׵ıһܼУɫԾҺĳнš
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ѧǱ麮Ȫȴͷ˵ȪҺͨôȪܼѪ֮ΪܿټΪȻѡֱȪУ
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˵ԭıڣ֮ǿǳıϵѪҲôʱ䡣
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ӿǹ⣬Ԫ߷ǰһǱˮԱˮ׻ǰȻСæĻ̫󣬳żһ£Լֻʱ䡣ΪʶɢͨѰң֪Ứʱء
Сڰæмʱʾ˳Сָʾȥֻڱ麮ȪĵزȻһҫ۵İɫ
ǡһŻ棡
ɫ΢΢һ䡣
ԲͨĻ𣬶ǧʱУﵮǶ컯
麮ȪԴͷŻ棡
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ӰƮڻ֮ǰƺǴʯסһ㣬һڽ壬ȻûֻѾˡ
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ÿһԶ߱ǿԲǳܹģο麮Ȫ֮ڣûа취ʩչЩȴˮ֮»ô
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ͬʱΧ죬һͷֱ˶


506 뷴
麮ȪͨûʵܹȪȫڣڱ麮ȪǲڣҲ˵ûǿӵԿҲ޷ǵġ
СΣȥѣ֫ǰһ磬ӳ뿪һ߷Χһӭ˵һͷϣСһҧڱԲϡ
·ˮ㾧Ө͸ֱȻɵƷ㾫£ڻޱڲȴһɷԵľڣСһȥֱӰѾˣ
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꣬סߣ
оԽԽǿһɳϺ·Ѿ͸뾫оӦʼٶۣһֻ˯ĸо
Ƿǳģ
СĶԸԣŨӣҲóǰӷѾ֧Ųʮ룬ֻʣһ취
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γڤڤڶ𣬷ǰһԾ˫ŽԱֱ켣ɫȥƺֳͼʱͷҪԸ졣
С귢æ˵һֻԣȴֹһֻˡ

ԼٶȼپһǿΣ㣬췢Ԫ˫ɴռİɫһɿռΧ
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ΪޱޱȲˣ麮Ȫ֮УλûУֻܱ۾óȻ͡ΪǱ۾ȥһƬɽ𺣰㣬ǼΣյΪ
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뿪Ҳü
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ڤξͿˣ
ὣ֮̽𣬶߽Ӵ˲һɷǳǿ־ӵǿŭ
һ߸ϵŮͻȻ·ؤǿһ
֮Ǳ־ʮݻձɵһԶ֮ͨϵĸߵȴڡڵ͵һѸŵ͵𣬴ӽоȻǿҵķͼͷôеŭ
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ڤڽڰ˻ڤϢڤô͸Ƕڤ㺮
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ʱϳأ׺̶Ѹһ彣ȻﱻٻˡûСǣڤ٣ʧȥ߳ȻĽ
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ڤ棬ħ˶·ɻħʱڤΪͻбˮһսĿܣ
֮ųһ󳰷־

ֱ֮ײһ¾Ͱѳסˣͼڤͨһɡ˵һ飬Ͼ˫̫ˣҲûκʱơ
ڱ֮𸲸ǳ˲䡣
ҫ۵İɫ涶һ£˼鰵ˣ֮־ֻңΪû飬סķ·һŻһ飬ܰһжɽȥĺڶ
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𱻵ȼˣ
ƴȴ޲
̫֮ˣ״̬ȻԲ֪ϸĳ췢Էץסһս
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֮ԽԽڤʤ׷һ·裬ճ׽֮ȼ֮⣬˷ӳڤıʾȼ麮Ȫһسǿ˿̾Ǳһȼ͡
Ѹӡ
Ҫȴȼɡ
Сæ˲߶
ȴＸ˽ĵȴš
ޱޱȻָżٽк⣡
Ļӿʼô̶һϢһСѾΧȽ̵ı׷ѿһɿֲԱΪͷţԭҵĶ
ﶼܵӰ죬ѩͬʱ֡
ڼʱÿһѷ춼Ļ桪׳۵ĳ棬ֱĩհ澰
ȴＸĿɿڴ
Ȫݻ١
˭Ҳ޷𺳵Ļ浽ô¡
Լʮӣ潥ϨǽһƬȻȼšޱޱô󺰣һˣѳ


507 ø
ԼԼǵڤɱ֮̾ͱΪĵȼƺƵӿ˲ϯأҲû졣
ģȻû
Լ֫ȫ̫ɽһ˶ѨΪֻһС飬û뵽ŪôΣյĵزϸϸΪʱðնųһ亹
ףе㲻Ծ
ָ־಻̫ԾطȷֵľǾǰ̫һˣԪԪײռ磬ÿһ˿ϸ΢ı仯Ӳ۾
ܹ۲⵽ÿһƮĳ״оѨһֻëʶԭǿʮֹ
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ǵΣʱ̣Ԫ֮Ȫʶչ˳صı֮ܣڤʤǿ֮𣬷ǵ컹˳ѱʮʶյˡ
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ʶ֮ͻƣȫԽĵ֮ΣӶﵽ߼ġʥ֮ʶΪȻ˵ȫûйϵǱ˴˼ȴںܴϵ
ʶھ;Դ
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ǰھԴ߽ﲹ죬˭ǿ˭ƬȽϣʶûдﵽ㹻ǿ֮ǰ÷ΧԷǳޣ֮ǿԪֱΪ߸ʵҲӳЧѵԡ
ʶѶǳ󣬳ҪԵ֮⣬Ҫ;߱ʣ˳ֲֺõרġȻʶԼкսкܸ߼ֵǻûֱʵøʵڣ
һϸߣܵ׷
֪ǲܳԽ֮ģҲǳһֱעʶչԭֻҪʶҪԼ߱Ҫ߱
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ӡԼأҵҲõʮ£ڻûκ˺ۼԪΪֱӾ׶ΣȻ۷һֱԽ۷壡
۷ظһƿ谭ھۼӴѾֱˡ⵽ô£Ϊʲôô죡
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ڤǾȫڳ֮£ڤԲǹСһԣȴһҳϿɿԹĻ
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Цҡҡͷ
ʲôŮȤ
ҪƴܹͱҪһֱѾôżǿĴУδǰ;ǲģֻҪϢȥ֪˻Ͷأ
λãܲˣ
׼ǾͽڱԭԭӴȻܳɾһС漣̻ڱ֧֣δӰȻɽҪ˾ܰѴܹץסˡ
ϴһˣʱϹƴ˸ϻϢԬϡһȺ˶ˣڶԸܲƻǰ֮£漣̻չغ
ˣ
Ҳ֮а
ͷ˵ڴѾ赲ǽϸԼܹСԻ壬콣ɽչַҪεͷҲ˳һɱӺ飬ܹţ
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508 ʥ
ܹڶ̶̲ʱȻһϵϷ绯ת콣żĴɺƺƵַڣûд죬Īˣ
콣ƽ򽣡ƽӥȺ󱻸ɵɽɵ˷ֱʮ˱ڷ²ˣ
Ŀʱáҩȡ鶴ڣЩʮֹͻȻ콣ŹӥսͼܹսҪһַ콣ţ
仯ʵ̫ˣ
˼Ծ¾Ϸ绯Ĵɣ
ǰɱѷֵļţڶ̶̲һʱ齨ͬаܣ塱ȵţɿССĴ¶üɹӶһκƺƵΧ콣ɽսۣ
ɽ֮콣ɽ빥̸ף
콣ȴѾȺˡ
Ϊ׵ɽۼ콣ɽ֮£콣ɽʱɧսûпʼ죬ǾѾʼֻˡ
ǰǿչ
΢΢һЦɨĴŵˣȻŴС͵˿ǵ˵£λ̬תô죬Ҳǳʼδģⳡսǰٷ֮ʤģ׷ʤҪ׷ʤ
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νʶʱΪܣԲι漣֮󣬾ӲҲӲ漣ǵĿƼ漣ǵǱ漣ǵǿߣرǾǿߣǿߣ޲ʹľ¾ܺɨܹλɣ
漣ǿ̺ͿƼֺα̰ͼܹأ
ԣܹ漣ǰͼһС飬漣ûбҪȫƴܹЩܹų漣ڲֶУδȻĳ߻ر
ӨӨܵǰ㱨Ǹ콣ɽɽžܲͶǻ˵Ǹҿһ򽣻ɽ󣬰ȫʬΣ
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Ϲʮش𣺡һ췣ͧѾλԪڲʮţֻҪϴ󷢳ָ̾չơ
ȻƲԳԷƣǾǳ

ΧΪ漣̻ṩ֧֣콣ɽʲôã漣ͧһըʮԪڲϿСʱ仹治Ĵƻ
ʣĹ˭ܵˣ
콣ɽɽǿ󹥻ƣʽƶûз콣ɽŴѾĵһ룬ⲻǴ콣ɽķǴȵĴ콣ɽʿ
ʱѵ
ȫ
漣̻һֱ֣ըеĲˣǿֽ콣ɽϵѾ©ٳοЩУкܶɭǿߣϹ콣ɽɽ㱻ݻˡ
ɽƣ콣ɽѾ
̷ͶͶ߲ɱ
콣ųϺƽ̹ӥô³칫ص콣ӲΪѳᣡ
źʼȰ˭ϣ̫ɱ¾콣ͨӸ߲顣ο콣ŵʿսߣδȻǵֵӥսмᣬսоͱˣδҲ̫ϧˡ
Ҫǵģһվڸߴź콣ɽͳӢнഫڴ˿̻һɽڣɽ콣ŵʱ̵ˣɱЩǷǵСˣ
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Ϲ˫ֻ޴ڿֱϣ˲һɻĻƳԷ콣ųȻǷ֮ʮӺĽһٲϹϣȻϹĻɢȴûа취ϹƵĲ˿˺
Ҳôţȥɣ
ϹûʲôڵĶһȭֱӰѶԷ˴Լ䱩͸ɴֶκƬ
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Ϲһɱ콣һϣӰһŭĻգƺһǰƥһʱֱâ
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ȺŶӰɢϢȫϲΪһ߱صΪ
Ϲ׺վΪһͱԷֻˣȻƾ費ϹƷͻָ޿ޣôܹܵġ
ȴξ˵ӦӥˣϷԳֽ¶Ŀ콣ŵʿȻ󽵣ôͿԲˡ
ССɫαͷȴְ֪Ⱥм䣬翴Ϸ㿴ǰսһУԿɣ
ȴ΢㶡
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Ϲƾ״򲻹ԷǿԸ񣬼ʹ֪УȴҲȻˡϹ׼ǿ͵ĽʱһϹû뵽鷢ˡ
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Ժ𣺡Ұڤ͵ϣˮ׼κһʹʹĴһɣ
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Ϲ޷⵽ôģʲôϵأϴκ飬û⣬Ϲָܳоǿ̷һХ
ȭ
ڤ˻ϣһ籩к˲ͽӥ˸ճɷɻء
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ϹԼһ
Ϲ˲䣬ӥǿͷһ䵶ݺϹϣ˲ͰϹõԶûյʲô˺
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Ϲһθоٵ壬ʱӥǿͼʤ׷ҪƽŮʱ򣬴ڤ˲γһħ
ħ䣡
ⲻǳĶ
˶ʱϹֳһǰһȻʧˣʮѤĿȼս⣬಻ϵĲΰ˺գ˵ͱгƬΪ׵ǿǿ赲£ڤ׻𽣾̫ǿˣοϹƱ
飡
Ԫˣ
ϹưѽֱԷţ
㡭ôܡӥǿ¶ŵĺȻ飬ֱһҲ벻ףΪʲôϹʿˮƽ߱Ϊʲôܱµ
ҲĿɿڴ
Ϲƽôˣ츽ô
ȻӶҲɫ˫ָɫ۾شˮѾ޶ʪˡ
Ź֣
⡰ʥ֮ʶ亱οԪǿ


509 ལ
ʶǳΪ֣΢Ƕ߶ƿأ߱ʶ۲ĵѾ߱Ӱŵˣﵽʥľʱ;߱־Ե壡
岻ȫǾƣܰĳЩʶ䵽ĿϡովͨʥʶڤֱӸʩϹϣϹʵǲҾ߱һ͹
ʥ֮ˣ
½սǿ֮УΪ˻ҵֻҳһʥʶ˾ͱȽˣһսǿһ˾ȫ½ܰʶ־磬ҲǼ亱ϡеĴڡ
۷Ϊ;߱ʥ֮Ͼ֮׳٣
콣ŵ۾
Ĺ
ϹƵ¶صĹʵݣ콣ŵӶʱĿɿڴʿȻҲһǧɣֹ֮£콣ǳ׷ֿ
콣˷׷Ͷ
ɽű׵Ĺռˡ
Ϲưָʾ콣ͶĳϼȫѺ͵ǰϴ˶ˣʲôԸ𣿡
ãˡĿɨЩҲϻҪ콣һֻҪʵⶫңұ֤ǵΪǣᱣ֤Ժǡ
콣Ѿ군ˡ
һҪʲôò
콣һϸϽʣ֪Ҫʲô
콣ŵĽ޴ԴԶ֪ʮ״½һн
Ը⽫콣ŵĹȫֻҪԸŹǣ
ȴһתҵĻû˵أʵЩڵҲûʲôΩ콣ŵġСལǳȤ
ʲôСལ
⣬⡭
콣ų
Ϲü𣺡ϴȤǵңȻϴԿˣǻǸʲôó
һϿЦ˵⡭ǲԸóСལ콣ſɽʦڽڣչʮ괴ľ콣Ҫ̹Ψƽ̷ʸӵУҵҲ֪ʲôط
ƨϹŭƭǣһĺܲҡ
ģĲ֪
콣üѵһ˼ѵôˣ
ϴòˡϹƶԳ˵׹϶콣ţҾʹǧ˰콣ɽһ飬ҾͲڵ߻
ô鷳ˡԼ˵ǿɽʦ칦ڣʲôطȥ
⣬⡭
Ϲһѽ㽻ͿʼĥĥȥʲôڣҲô衣ҿһǳĲϣֱǷ򣬲ɹǣ
ˣ
ڣǾ֮أֻǽڣѱ飬Сལֵܲطģ
𣿡Ϲƿų죺ô찡
첻ŲæվȻ콣ſɽʦڽڣСལΪʲôԣǴȥڣɣ
Сǲ֪ߵغ񰡣
콣ſɽʦܹûгֵģλʦүºΪལʥʵڴСལ֮ǰѾһλ½ĳǿߡʹལʥҲʮʱ䣬˲żꣿʮ꾲ô
ϹƵΪȻЩɽܸȣڴһ漣ѷɫĽ
ن£·
콣ųûа취ֻܴ򿪽ڣš
콣ɽڣԶʱĹżʵͲ콣ɽɽ֮Уģ֮󣬲ѷɫһعв԰ıÿѶѵһľƷҲ˵ԶżԶŽ޴еǿ벻ʬϿȴʬĹԶɡ
ۣǺö౦
ϹơӨӨų߽ڣڣģǳӴ󣬵ǽṹôӣֻ԰򱦽ڵϣŲһư͵ͼƺĳǿϵĽֻʱ̫ԶˣڣĽ඼࣬ûеơ
ڽڣʯ߹ʯڽڣв٣ҶʽĽŵ׸Ľ֣ʮףСĽһߣ廨ţǳḻֱһչݡ
콣ŵĽڣһ콣ŵսս˵콣żеĹص䱦ȫǴӽڣھģôڣھĶѾڿգҵмֵĶ
Ϲƿų˵ϴ㲻չɣ
չأŹ֣
Ųأ
̹Сལֽ֪콣ܿģ¿ɽʦʵǿվڵʱͼʶҪ˵ʮʱ䣬Ȼһ꣬Ҳֹ
վһ㣡
ͷųʶ˲串ڣÿһѽڲһֽ֮ЩǿͨΪӦǶϿɳ죬ֻҪҪȫܴκһѽ
ȴΪ˶ЩȫȤ
ףˣ
ڿһԾӽȥ˫齣̤Уһѱŵľ޴Ͻǰ
˶׷ȿų졣
ӨӨʣƽʲôֵ𣿡
һѾ޴ޱȵĶϽϴֱͦͦ룬ѾʴˡƽڽڣﵽǣһƺҲûʲô̫ɡ
ˣ
ߵ޴Ͻǰַ棬һʶУ޴Ͻ£ȴûκηӦ
԰ӨӨ˵һƽǸˣ
ǲġ
ѶϽȻֻǵ׸ô伤أ
Ϲ˵ʹѽв֮ͬڽڣô꣬콣ŵӳŶ۲ȴûܽ⿪ܣƾһ㣬Ͳƽġ
˵öԡ
׽⿪ܣᱣ浽
΢΢˼Ƭ̣ȻͷųԪ꣬ħնһɴϢĽ˲Ѿ޴Ͻ档
Ͻˡ
ͻȻ⼣
ӨӨ۾һ˵зӦˣ
ѶϽ⼣䣬涫©Ȼѩ赣֬ɵһ֡
Ȼ
ʵ⿪˵ѲѣֻҪ߱㹻ǿĽԪ꣬Ԫ콣ʷӵе˿ɲ࣬¿ɽʦལʥһɡ
ӨӨչĦһѧϰ֣ǰЩʱȴͷǣһŶֱ治ʲô֣Ҿû
ǹһָߵģҲֻܿһ֡ϸ˵ӦһƬʮа˾ལ
콣ſɽʦСལڳϹ֮ԱǣǳϮģȴ˵ԼǲҪ
Ҳô˵ʮʱЩ֡ŽһſռԵĽȻ߱ռԽ޺ޱȣͶԽм򻯣ԭ汾Ļ֮ϣٴνġСལʵལȡСལҪߵĶ࣡
ҵĹԭ棿
ʧ¼ôСæ롣
ӨӨϽͳֻļţûҵνСལȴҵལŪ׽һɣսﵽ޷ĵز
ལ֮⣬ְ콣ʮಿ߼ѧȫ¼һݸˡϾ콣ŽǴԶţ־ŲϾޣǺпȡ֮ġ
漣̻Ҫ۲ԴЩҲǷǳĲƸ


510 
ܹ״ѵΣɱϳ϶βλһ͹ܹĳ֮һƳǣλãƳ˿ڳ˰򣬵λҲǳر𣬴һĽǽش
ƳǶȮֲԭĹͨðƼ֮ء鶴ҩȡڣͬϽȴѾóɴĶ
ܹɽӵܹλӴ˳ΪܹҪ׾óԼɵĹ
ǳﱸУԤƵð귽ܽɣǽǧݴָˣ
Ůǻ
ŮҪǻˣ
ƳѾ˿Ƿ׷ܳȫۼй֮⡣ɽƽ̳ͳͳ룬ǧʿƷվڴ࣬
˺ӿΪκһܹ˶ʷԵʱ̡
Ǹոؽϵûʿụ̂ûйŮһʽӼ򣬵ⲢӰⳡǻĵΡŴƽ̵ϡȫ۵Ļ棬ڴܹǲģοǶʾϿɺ֧֡
御ܸոؽλѾʮǰ
ͷڡۣһУϹơӨӨλŮһһЯŵ
īٿ飬شλ
鶴ǧţشλ
ҩԪǧöشλ
ʿˣΪʹشλ
ͽջپشλ
ŷ׷״ͷСǲҵǷ׷Ϊ³ıƾЩܹССĺôѣܽһˡ
̫Ծˡ
³͢
ֺðܹɽǿƣֹأǳԾոսûжãȺкȻֳǳʹ߶顣
³ȣֻףشλ
ǬԪףشλ
ܹ˱鶼൱죬ⶼʲôʱðģΪʲôĹҺ͹Ƕ֪
ϣ׳ףʣһ߸ϵŮƽʧĿɨЩˣԱߵӨӨͷ
ȿȣӨӨɤ߳˫һ飬ģ𣺡飺͢ȻؽȻмаǿУл֮ΧΪܹ֮뱱֡Ľ齨ͬ٣̫ƽʢ
ɽƽ̷׷׹֣Ӣ
ƽ̶ˣ˸ɽӷ׷׸ףСɺͨ˸ֱӹڵϡ
Ӣ
Ӣ
Ӣ
³ȣǬ˹ͬϸ̨ʼཻ飬ǩƽԼζŴӴԺ󣬴ܡġ٣һƬȻǸȫͨγһȦ
˵ɾͳˡ
ĹȻǲ˼ġ
֪Ļȴףǻ޷һϷ漣ΪϷĵݺͱ磬ΪѾ׼漣̻߲㣬漣ǵˣ漣̻ϵǳֻҪ漣ǲǹϵͲ塣
ֽ׶ĻܹʵҪԶԶǿĹͱֹϲκҡʵֵܵӥϮܽ漣̻ἼڷɣδֻԽԽãڸ
ܹǻʽһͽˡ
³ڱָոսȨһƨҪ˱̸ϻأǬҲڴܾһЩ֮Ҳͷ˴Ĺ
Ҫ漣ˡ
㣬Ҫౣذ
ƳйӨӨϹƸ˶¶ǳź飬굽ܹ˹ڴܹкܶҪԿ¶ʱڲܻ漣Ǹһˡ
Ҳһ˿Ȼǻȥ˵һģܷİɡ
ǸҲǵģӨӨԹһȥҽ㷭빦˭ҲôչȥˣܹôҲ
ϹҲЩ򱧲ƽѽҪһ˴ڴܹϴҲοʣЩ
¶һѩЦݣ˵ôţҪһ治Ƕѵ飬õˣȥɡ
İɡ
һȥύ룬̻ڴܹڶͽǵԺġ
΢
ܹһʲС˵ǲὨڶˡҪӨӨȥ룬Ըͨģһסָס漣ʲô
ԴûȤ
ϵ漣̻Ҫսԣλȥ

ɭ֣漣ڣ˿ڴΪ׵̨йԶæµС
ɼݷ֮㱨˵ˣ˴κϲܹ漣ǷչҪ塣һ˲аʦҩʦƷʦʦﵽҡ˲ŷпռ츳ˡ츳ʮˡ
ʮѵ¶һЦݡ
ܹ֮һˡ
漣̻᲻Ҫٳһˣ˳Ϊ漣̻Դ½ʯҪռԴȡص˲ţӶ漣̻ĵ̣
㹻Դ˲ʲôɣ
ҪսɴȻû⣡
쾫ȻҲû⣡
Ϊ漣̻ʵԽԽǿѾ߱Щˣ
˲ŲӶ࣬жҪ٣һҲҪ˻Լ̻ἼܻҪܡٷԸ㣬̻Ҫѷ䷢ҡ
õģ
˵ͳĬʼм㣬ϾһС漣̻Ŀǰģ̫뾭Ӵ㣬Ϊ̻ȷ
̫ˣ
Ϊֹ漣̻ƷĪһͰΰȻ漣̻ƿٶ޷õʵķԾǼѾʼСԵٶʼ
ѾɻԲ֣ӳϢճٵввԼ̳ǡͨѶ罨裬ڶ谲֮£һױȽ걸Կϵͳ
⾫漣ǺشѾˣЩռֿ⣬ҲһԸ
ƶϸϵͳͰȫϵͳԵܻ֮£һж漣̻оУеķնᱻͣ
һܳԭʼɭ
һ˼ʱҲڼӿѡ
ߵǰɨٵķУƲԺУһǻۺļƶŻýϣδ׻ᷢչʲôӣѾˡ
֮һðɣ


511 ΢;
չʮ̾羫ԪȻҪĻǲ¹ལ
Զʱһ湦˽֮ԻҪԭལǼ汸ռԵһŹ潣ʶӰ࣬޷׽ͷ
ལѶ̫ߣǵҪ߱Ľ츳Ԫ꣬Ҫ߱ռ䷽Ҫ̸أܹ콣ŵСལ콣ɽʦΪ⣬רż򻯹ȫ½
СལĪĿռȴȻ߱Ӱص㣬ɱ侪ˣǴԼСལལо޴ࡣ
ལ
ʱ˿̳漣԰һϮɽˮСɽ̺Ļݲʤö٣ССңΪԾ
ལָ
һָǧ֮Сɽ壬ȻںԤ׵֮£嶥λһбɽƽƣ׹һϣ޴ˮˡ
Сɽпڹ⻬羵ԼӺϸС׻֣ԿֲٶȲϷշֽʣɽҡ
ۣ
Ƿ׷׹
¶¶䵽˵ôµĹֻʮˣ̫˲ˣ
ལǳ⡣
ལڿռθѣͬʱܰڽУܹпκμ̵ʣܹȫӹ룬쳬ǿʶϵĻ۶ʲôǧףָȡ׼̽ȡ
ལһŽĽҪҳһȱݵĻʵ̫ˡ쾭ЩıչΪ˳ͻصˮƽѾɴӵʿʿɱ䣬ԪҲͬʿ߳ǼʹҲལˡ
δȫרעལ漣̻Ѿ콣ŸֶޱɽٹҲͳͳ͵漣̻ᡣ
ֱ
һ漣̻ĺţһ͵оڹģѾﵽˣ漣̻ȫ¼Ʒڴˡ
һĻΪţѧ߼ţž߼ţĿǰѾɴſͣɭٵܹŵĳȫѾųΪſ͡ǳҪҪ̽Сйо
һһ䡣
Ϊ֪ʶͼϵʼ漣̻ҫĲţ֮»ͼ׾漣̻᲻Ϸչڴ½ѹθ伮طҲὫ೬ǰѧУŲԸҲǸıʷĴڡ
쿪ʼԪվʮ죬ǸóˣлЭң
ÿпճŶ
쾭漣԰԰ģһʮ׸ߵĴ漣԰룬ÿһƬҶӶƣ԰һ뵱С
̫˰ɣȷء
ǵȻȻܸ֮ȣ
漣룬ӰԽԽûɭֵйӸԸı漣ǵˮδɳһ֮ѣձȻΪ漣ǵı
ֽ׶лչˣ屣߻ƻԲһ顣
漣Ŀǰ֪ôˡ
΢˽ȥΪⱻϳ鷳⴩һĶ漣֮ս࣬ȫָԭ״սۼȫʧбñǰˡ
̳ǰŮſȺ͹ں
ϢϢ
ڴѾõֻ漣̳У
ΪޣĿǰֻ֧Ϲ򣬳ֳ񿨹ۣܰ
ֻѾʼô漣̻Ʒ϶һƷȻ鲻ԭƷʤڼкͷ㣬˿϶ǺгƷ
߹ȥһ
ֻǰ߲ﶨƵðۣΪ漣̻漣Ƴĳֻδкܴļֵ˶һ
⼸ֻ϶漣ǵԭס
Դ˲֣Ϊ˹º͸ޱޱϵѾвپ漣ǹоɴڸС۾
Ѿһˣرܵ漣ǣеļ漣̻ᣬŶ׼Լҵ
⾫Ӱ̻Ѿкüˡ
ʣʲô
ⶼ֪İɣһ漣ǰ뾫ÿĿ⿴ų죬ӶͳһűľʯƬҫ̬ڳǰλΣ漣ڶԳϢдɼȫϢ浽ݿԸ߿ƼĸϢƬ㲻ҪСôһſƬи˾ӡǣÿ˾ӡǲͬǶһ޶ģûа취ģºͷƣÿһʽݣ
ΪЩȫ֪Լˣ
̫ˣûбϳ
񿨻
ţ漣ǵĳ񿨲֤Կ漣еĸ˴ܣǰԪʯ浽ֱԳ漣̻ѣֿݣҪǮﻹ׬Ϣأ
˵ôʲôЩҲ
ԶԶԣһǸϽһֻֻɣȻҪϻˡ
ȫӿ̳ﹺ²Ʒˡ
һȦ֣漣ڴƶ񿨣Ϊ漣ǹ㣬Ͷ׼ĳϢϵͳ
ÿһ漣ǵĳϢҪɼ˻ҲҪϢЩϢһݿ⡣ٸݸʵΪǷųݵ֤Ƭ
ĳǰ۹˾̾
Ϣϵͳо޴壬ССΰδп˴ͺ漣̻һҵ˳УҲΪϢ۹üʵ
ףֻƺõĲ̫һ
漣̳ҵֻĹ̨쾪ȵطֻ֣ʹֻͬڲƺҲһЩ졣
漣̻ƳĳֻšࡢͨѶһ壬иǶ΢漣̻΢ͼΪѾΪֻϵͳ趨򵥡Ҳȫ棡
سҪһˡ
΢ǼСԪ
漣̻ԪٶȻ޷ʮڣôѹǵװܶ䣬кüٹأ˲ܱЯ
ʵҶԼӴԪ󲻶Ͼ򣬲ϧκֻۣΪС˳΢ͼСļٶֻʮ򵽼ʮ򣬶޷ܣûдʲôͼֵȴܿɼϵͳ
һֻͳԴ΢ͼоƬֻ߱Ϣ΢γɱȽĲ棬ҲһͻԵĽˣ


512 
漣ǵĳǱٿȫˡ
̻ᷢչѾһ׶Եת۵㣬˴λصܽȥδ
贩ڸλãׯʮֳ࣬ʮˣԼȻڼ佫⣬඼Ƿ绪ŮǵᣬҸǧÿ˶ࡣ
ʱͻȻһȻƻء
٣ʵôˣ
쾭ƫ߽̼ûˡͷʵλҲ漣̻߹ܣʱڰµС
еʮ⣬ʲôʱ򱻵ܲģҶ֪
ʵȻһţ⵽ڶǷǳǧԡ磬ºһЦµСѾûʲôˣܵڹܾ͹ˣǽӵĵóǰµɣ͸æˡ
ɳһۣвڿࣺǵＸ죬ȴֱڲ¶棬
ô˵ɾˣʵƽʱͦڷܵģβպڱչô˵仰ʱӨӨϹֱۣҲݺĿһۣȴû˿򣺡λŮԶûܼʱΪǽӷϴҵĴȻˣʲôᰡߣȾȥ
ˣ񲿳˿Щվλƽʱɧĺ꾫˿̿軹𱸿˵ĻǳҪ㲻ǣҲҪҺòá
ǸǸ̫ˡԸûȤһȣԴС˵Ϳʼɣ
˵ʼɣ
ǷǳҪһţȻҪŵùӨӨϽ׼õ漣̻Źȥһʱҵɷǳɫƽɰٷ֮ʮ½ʮ֮ڻɭڽ췽תͣĿǰ
ӨӨߴﹾིݣϸ˵һ飬δƻ;ţʮóеĿ࿴
ͷָ
ӨӨϽ¼
ãǳŹƣ漣̻ӨӨܸɵָӹ٣߿϶ǿԱϵģ
ӨӨһ졣
ʵûʲôΪԣЩռĳģƻҲԸģӨӨܽһ£򵥷ԼнûʲôҪԼ滮
ǳ˳зҲѾ죬ɵķչУȸҿĿŰɡӻ֣һ޴Ļͽиֳһæµйǿ漣̻µĿսأļ˲ͶʺͽǮ׼δս׵λĴΪȸӵĹϵƻһʱзɹ
һʱ䣿
ȷʵ˵㣡
ܸӵĴһһϦɵĹ
ӨӨϽ˵ἴ̳ﱸ׵Ĺսһзɹʱ
ʱڶĻ
滭˵Ԫоң̻ڴܹļḻĻʦҺŶΪʦĻʮмֵܾ漣̻Ἴ죬ԪԪܡԪԪܴһԪսס
˵䣬һĻͼ
迴죺ôأ
ƻǺܲġ񿴺һŻһоʿܱɸ֡ǿӶ棬ٶȱøǿٰװ豸ǵĻսʿշ磡ǿԸÿһ׻װװһ̨ԣʵϢܻս
æִסͣͣͣ
Сʲôò䣿
Ȼܺã̫ʵ̾һ˵漣̻ԻǾѲ㣬ֽ׶ûа취зô߼Ļףͨзɹ֮Ҳʵִģģװ񲿶ӡ
ȱǮɣе㲻ŵӣǲǲǰɭֽʮԪʯôʽ©Ѿƾ̻Ӫάôоѣ
ǲҲ֪׹󣡡񲿳˿סˣ֪һ׻оҪĶԴôĿǰԤʮԪʯڿͧԤһֲ֣뾫ʵҡʵңÿľԽԽ࣬Ҳ޵׶һ㣬˵ǸոȮֲԭշ˴ܹҪóԪʯȥͶЩط漣ǵжŶƾĿǰֱǾٲά裡
ͷˡ
ʲôȻôǮ
Ŀǳ࣬漣̳ǡЩƻ֮⣬кܶؽĿֽĻָһ˵磬ǷϵͳĽǼƻ漣Χɽصش赼侮ӶԶ̴⣬ǻ׼ɽԪڣδڶԸǿ֡
ԽԽơ
һֱΪ漣̻ѾǸ׬ǮޣֻҪǰ©ûǮڵ漣̻᲻ȱǮȱĲһ㣡
Ȼʽܴ󣬵ǴҲûġʿЩͳΪ̹˵漣̻ӯǱǳֻĿǰҪⷶΧڴĹɭ䣬гûбȫ򿪡ɭｨʮഫɭչδʮԼвչóףдֹܹΪΧɢͶСδر󡣡
ͷԣɭֲСһĹжгǱ뿪
ֱ٣ĸߵ֮Ȼ⵼´ڱ̫࣬ݲչ迪ʼ˵ʵǽ˿ĹΪ漣̳Ǻ⽻ó湤ҲоˣӦû⣬Ҹ׼ɭֳк͵³зֲͼԼЩеĴϣͲ䣬漣ǻ㹻̶Ӻֻ֣ҪǴýˡ
ɲᰡ
ʵ⽻
񲿳
վһá
һ䣺ǵĴ񳤵˿أ
漣񲿳ǰǵ˿Σ̶Ҳǵ˿ģڰ⽻̵鶼ʵˣ˿û¸ˣڳǿϧˣ
ش˵漣̻ĿǰȱǮ˿Ҫ񣬴ӽ쿪ʼоչ漣У
˿ͷģ漣Ѿ㹻ߣƳ񿨽˴ҵ漣ҵѾֱǱûгַӳ
漣ǵ˿ģ˶ر壬˿Ȼȫ
ٴǿ˵мǣڷƽ˾ð˱뾫齻ãվһûǿһ޷ǣΣʼڰǱر־Ӱ˼Σʶ漣ٶȷչ
ǣ
μӴСٿȫ࣬û뵽Сôǿһ᳤ܻĥ£ԽԽԽԽһֵŮǿˡ
鵽˽
ҶѾ֪ʲôˣ漣Ǻ漣̻ĿǰûǮδһʱǮ漣̻ҪÿһţÿһŶӣȫҪΪĿŬ


513 ¹
漣ǰҵԼ壬뾫顢Χ䣬ȫʱǹֻϵѺڵЩһˣú÷չչҵ漣̻ҪսԵһδΪ漣ǴԴԴϵʽӦ
ڷտƣ
صģ
漣̻״ǳģ漣̻ڲ̫ණҪͶʣЩͶʧʼ΢ġ
漣ǵѾͬ۳ܱ߲䣬漣ǲܸߵͬУȫұӦѾˡ
軨ѲСϢݿ⣬Ϊռ񿨣ѾЧ漣½½յԪʯĴȫ˿һңԪʯȻﵽֻȡʮ֮һҲкüʮĹģ
ȻΪǮԣ漣йСʣȡĻ˻ʴﵽٷ֮壬ÿϢʱȡ
ڶ˻ֱ¡ꡢꡢꡢȵȣʱԽϢԽߣʴﵽٷ֮ʮ
һٿԪʯ꣬ǵһԪʯ٣ϢǸߴһʮԪʯ漣ҲǰȡѴʱԶ˳ȡһѣĴơ
Ҫһǡ
ܹĹɭֳУң漣ǶڽС
漣Իʮ̨ԪͬʱϵὨʱƣǽԪʯ漣֮ôͿκһ漣еطʵʱȡ
⣬漣оֱ߱漣̳ǡ漣ƵꡢݣֻҪ漣̻ĲҵУھֱֿܳѣַֿݡ
⣬漣гﱸϵֱԪʯҹҲֱӵ漣ǻȡԪʯƽʱֱŻҾͿԣʹ󷽱
漣пתҵҲˡ
δ˼佻ףҲֱܹ漣СЯԪʯ鷳ͷգοԪʯﻹܲϲ棬ֶΪأ
һ߸հԶսԼңԲֺͳﱸɵ˿ɽ漣зչкأ
̻ϵ飬ǲŲʡ
̻Ҳ˲żüãαȥϹأ
һ쵽ϰĸ伮ʱ͸оȻ漣̻зѾǿһʤоѧߣŴͣͲǰƿֻҪͻơ
Сһæϰ¡
ӨӨ칫ֻӨӨϣڷܱʼдʲôü뾫֣ڰæϡ
죬ã֪漣пǮӼӨӨǳ˵Ļ㱨սǾͿ㹻ʽˡ
̫ˣ漣ǲ׳վҪҸգһζҸΣǶξͻ󽵵͡մСԸ񣬿ҲŲ̫ʽзŴͶʡ
ӨӨûЩ΢΢üǸźأ
ͻȻ̾һҵˣҲл
ӨӨһ֪Ϊʲôָпʲô
ǵӨӨڱտ̸⣬ɲ̫Ը񰡡
ӨӨЩ˼ⲻҲҰæôӱȽϱã伸̨ԡȻʲô
һ§סӨӨ磺ˣǾͲҪΪԼˣ½ԺֽУαʲô鶼Ϊأ
ӨӨЩڴ֮ͥ£ɲҪֶš
ʲô˭֪ǹϵƤһǽ뾫鶼Щ˼ֻܵûп˵ߣҴȥĵط
ĵط
Сھٰʳᣬޱޱҷ뺯ˡ
ʳ᣿
ӨӨʱ¶Ȥӡ
ʮԸɭֵľ飬ڰҾۼ¹Сÿһμӻ鶼Ϊζʳҷ뿴Щ鶼ԻɭֲͬǵжζóԵĶ˵ֺʢ磬ܴ𣿡
ӨӨ۷Ź⣺ȻȤĻ
˵ʳ⣬ɭʱװ㡢Ʒչ̸ᣬЩǰѵһġӨӨѾǳĶҲټϻˣֱӶӨӨ˵齻ǴҸӨӨҪ뿪һ졣
ǣ
ӨӨЩԥڴҶæ᲻ᡭ
ڵʲô˵û£ʹˣ̬ȷǳǿӲɷ˵һЩԱҲϯⲻȥ棬Ǵٽ꣬̾ѵشԳһȥ
ԭôҪӨӨԥɷ²˵ǲ㣬Ҫ׼漣ʳ漣ǵʳһ顣ˣǴʲô·ȡã
һһ뿪ˡ
ʳȷʵѵһ
챾ȥԺ֣ӨӨȴͬ⣬̫ʧˣһҪ׼ɫʳСҵ漣ƵԪ̻һͷ3Ʒħţ⡣
һļϾ⿼ţš
ӨӨճ飺ǵϳǣһԪʳţţܴǵʳ
ǰĳС㼤䣬Ȼڵ̯ţŴҵأڻͷ룬ȥ˵ţѾˡ
ӨӨݺݵ׼ҵĺʷҸû꣡
˰ţųװãǰ¹
ô˵˾ᣬȻ漣Ǳ߽¹С򣬵ǾСȻȽϷգûа취УԶԾҲر˽⡣
˿ڸոһͷľ飬Ҿ൱ĸУ漣ǱȽϹϡ٣ֻ²Ʒﶼܼ١
ӨӨСʱ˶С澰ˡ
Сﵽܼ漣̻Ʒ޴Ļȣ־ޱȵԪƣÿһֵ͹âУһŲˮľͷܰ롣
ǧƾȺСﴩÿһ˶ʳϻɫ㡢Լʳǡ
Χڳ衣
С͡
ˣ
ˣ
յͱϳˣ԰ټƾΧÿ鶼ϲã۷ŹӺ񿴵Ѿõż
ɭģ˵ĹˣҺܳ㣡һŮǰ棬Ҹĸܵܶ㡭ܸǩ𣿡
Ȼû⣡΢Цһ֧ʣҪ
һŶ
ã㣡
ŮõǩĵֱУõǩˣõǩˣ
ʱҲˡ
ĺɫɭ֣Ҳܳ㡣
ģϲӰ磬Ӱ硣
ңҡ
û뵽Լھˣһͱȵĳ߰ΧЩ鶼Բͬɭֳģһ漣ǲס
ΪΣǰȫ
شȡƴʩڴǰװԽϵͳÿһҪʹô͹ܵľ飬Ҫ漣̻֤⡶֤ҪɼϢᷢһƳӾӡǵĿƬԺ֤дˡ
漣ʱԴƣõ֤ҲֻڻڴͣҲ˵ֻԼ̴ͣҪ͵漣ǡǰµС򣬻طô轫ǰõĿĺԭдõر֤ͨõȨ׼뾳ܽ
Կ֮µĴЩĴͻգҲûа취ɴˡ
νǳѵá
ǶǸѡ֮ͬ뾳Ҳһʱ漣棬˷ǳϧλᡣ
Ǵһţܵż
ڼܲ


514 
⵽һȺߵΧ뻹ľŮԱߵӨӨô׹ֱð˵μӽ𣿸椵ģ
ȿȣ
Ǹʲô
һɺͳ
᳤¹˹һǳ⣬æ˿ˡ˹Լλ߼ﶼˣ⻹λǵĳޱޱڼ˵ı󣬵̼ۡ
Ľᣬμӣޱޱ÷ǳˡ
Ȼ鳤ɫȻ಻̫ÿĿвƣϾһﺦþ괫ͳƻôָܸɫԴȴ˿Ϊ⣬Ƥǽ̴ӨӨЦʺá
漣죿
İ鶼
⼸λھҲǺպĴȫǾеĳۻɭҲ൱һĸ֡
ڳ漣ǣЩ鲻İȻ漣ʵ㲻ǿȴΪǾͷ֮⣬ѱвҲΪɭַǳӰڻɭȵ
ǳ컹˭˹ȸܸλͶԳ˵˵շܹкܴĽǿϲɺذæ֮ȴС򣬾еָл
ӨӨôЩܳǵҡ
ޱޱ˵һ䣺ġ
¹˹¶顣
Ǿľۻᣬʲô
һֵĺӣǼͲҪɵˡһ㲻Լˣ漣ɭֺգڿѾЧˣɭָؾ鶼һۻᣬҲǷǳѵõİɣ
һЦ˵ɭֳĴûнǾڲҪ飬ѵûۻ붼롣
ǰļǽͶءһ̫̾ˣ
˵ʵ໹漣̻Ѿǰˣ
¹˹ͼŰԱɫһֱÿ
漣̻ϸѾԽԽྫŸĸЩطɭֱͺ٣궼һ棬Զɭֵûôϸ
ھԴͨء
վھߵġ
һãӨӨѾ׼ţóҿ漣ǵţţԪ⿵ġ
ллӨӨ
̫óˡ
㳢ɭֵ
ӨӨԸ񵥴ã׺ͣοӨӨԼһЩӰ磬ЩӰھܵ൱ӭӨӨھҲˣҶȿֺİѺóԶݹƷ
ҵֻ룬û¿ϵҡ
ʲôǻûֻͨѶûУûϵǻ㰲ţźŸȥġ
ξʳᣬòͬ黥ʶþʶӨӨͳ졣ҸԳزʳܿӨӨŴҵ漣ȥ棬øᾫ鶼˷ܡ
徫ǳḻ
ʳеһ룬ʲôʱװ㡢ƷչƷᡢֽ֮Ĳ׾ΪʲôչЩ֦ĩڵĶִ˲ƣ
ҲǾ°ɡ
ϲ˶ȨƸԶûǿҡ
ǻȳ죬ҲеܸˣҽӦöٰһЩһ޾ôɭ½壬ȫܲܽ
˵˵¹˹һ˵³顢α࣬Щ뾫һͲк£岻ҪЩбյ彻
ͷ˼̫ƫˡ
úý
Ц˵뷨⴫շѲˣȻһҪдͻ»ǲظɣ
ʮɭĴδҪÿ²ʮԪʯ涼Ǻġǧ˴εشͣľʵ̫ˣɭĴҲеЩԲ
һɫ˵鸻ԣѵںСǮ
ô˵ɾʹˡһ˵̣ȻЩԪʯȴҲ汲ȥҲɽա
ھ漣ѾһƬǸѾˣǻ೤֣ôδǷǳֵڴġ
ͷ˵Ѿϸ򣬾齫ͨѶϢж漣̳ǡþ㲻Ҳܹ򵽴½ض㲻̱Ҳܰز۵½ءƻѵʹ己١
¹˹Դûֱӷԡ
Ǿĵ߰ɣѹ־ûֹ
СͰѺϸ̸ˣͷ۲ɣ
΢΢һͻȻĳһ뷨ʵأһһ뷨ͽ飬ԾķչǴġ
֪ʮֶ࣬Ȼô˵ˣȻҪһģʲô
뷨ϸϸ˵һ顣
۾ʱһΧλֻͷƺǳͬƻ⣬Ծ⣬Ͼ漣̻ϸܴ
ޱޱǾϲ쳣
ѳΪó͸ྫùϵû뵽һȻΪ̸ôҪһ£δ漣ǵĺԽԽܵģ
Ȼ飬Ҳеǳ⣬Ϊףƻ漣ǳ˵ʵһӮľ档
漣Ŀǰ˶һ롣

峿
˵𣿡
ոոǼһһһ£
˿Ȼ𼱻ǳæŴ΢΢ü֪˿ǴСֵˣ̬˼϶ǲ˵飺ôȥһˣʲô飡
˿΢΢ʿˮɭֵڶҲǴ½ڶУУ
۾һɡ
忪Уûи
Ͻ˽һ
׼ģӾĻȫǿģΪͺѾͨ漣̳ƽ̨ܿͻãͨѶϢ֮ƽ̨Ҳϡ
ԴҵزֻǿԼӰղҵ϶һҵȳ
УΪ׼ɭֺ͸ɭֳУȫǮͶ뵽ԴʽŸҵ飬ܴٽ巢չ
ȻģʽȻãȴġ
Ҫƶãóʮռֿ壬þеĿռǮ⡣Ͷʮ飬þܽܶܵйƽ̨
Ҳ˵
漣̻Ӽ棬ȫ֧־г
Ϊʲôһ֣漣зͷǻᱻ룡ϾɭӰ̫׿屾Ӱ˵⾫ʮܽӴҵϵ
ɭ֡ԾǾΣ˰ٷְٻİԪʯ洢ɭԾҲǿ϶ģδпܱ漣Ÿ죬ô漣ǵͼʲôأ


515 Ӯĺ
޴ע
ɭľѾ겻ֹϵ֮һȻһǧήȻӰǿһȺ
̩̹ɾưһ㲻ؾȺӰǿɿͲԶˡһ漣ǵļ֧֣ôʺҲʸ
Ϊˡ
һ
ǻ漣е
ʮɭֳͳϽµļɭ֣Լ̲ԶԶǹ漣У˲ɭĵһСôһ鵰⣬漣Ǿôͳȥܹأ
ûмŷǳ˽Ը
˼άǺԾȴԿġ
ôȻеôôأȻ΢΢һƺѾԼµ뷨˿㲻Ҫü¶ǲһǻ£ȥ
˿û̫ӦҲһ
λ˾ܷǳҵͷǣվʱڻɭֵﳤԼʶ;鶼ûо̶ִ漣̻һḻûгеĴʧɫ֮ɵЩ
һߡ
ޱޱ緢
ܲ׼ɭֱӹгؾеĳԼ漣ǸְλȫΪеĸг
ǰδˣ
һӰǻɭһ˴֧֮£ɻɭֵһָտɴޱޱû̫ͷԣȴҲ֪ɭֵʱŶôش壡
ʱ廰ȨȻҪö࣡
ɭֵľܱһӰ½ĳţ
巢¸ƺǰⲻޱޱһֱ
ޱޱȴЩⲻȥô֧־飬漣ǵܴܵ𺦣漣ǶмܳУֻҪ漣㹻ʱ䣬漣вɭֻǳ顣
ޱޱһ飬Ȼϣá
ޱޱҲ漣̻һԱһ漣ǵĸԳ漣̻ᶼǺĵģȻƻ漣ȥô
˵Ϊǵޱޱ漣ǳʲôģҸһΪĴӢۣΪȫ鷢¸ΰˡ
ޱޱֺܻܳţ⡭ôأǲܶԲ̻ᣬĺˣȥ˵һ£ȸΣ治֪ôȥ㽻
ޱޱһϹ˵ӨӨȥˣ̰ޱޱקԱߣôˣѵ˽һҲŲļһԿأҲϹˡ
Ц漣ǲãզҲûʱֳһЩ棬ܹջ࣬ǵƺˡ
ޱޱƶǶ
ȷʵҳԿˡ
ޱޱĵͬʱԳָм
Ϣк;ɭʱܡΪһ̶ˮ̫ã忪оǻʱ׳٣
һЩԵ;ȴȫ֧֣ͶƱͨҲߴٷ֮ʮҲΥԱοֲ뿪ɭҲϷҪ
ƻݱĿʼﱸ
뿪漣ṩļ֧ûģΪ¹ش漣Ǹ̸߲ݡ

̸еĸͲ񲿳˿Ҳ漣еܴ̻漣ǣҲܴ漣С
ܻա
ڣ漣ǺɭַϹʽչмƻ漣ڼ治ȫ֧־壬˫Ȩֹɣɭֳ漣10%Ĺɷݣ漣־10%Ĺɷݡ
˫ϸȻܣн滥ֹɵɴһг漣չǺϢ
漣Ǻɭ˻øܡ
˿̬ȷһٰʮȵĴת䡣
ӿʼŭȻǵ˿Ķ֮£һķɭֿгʽΪѾźŸǣֹ㲥ƵƵڲ˸߶ȹע
ܲע
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ͬʱҲǸǺ䶯ɭֵĴ¡
˰̶ˣΪ˵Ϊмֵʷϡúܶûɭֲιʽľ飬ҲڸشӰĻȫʹۿ͹ֱ
ֱ𷢱
ҲϴºϷԡ
г
һɲǾ嶼ӵñ죡
ɭʮͬʱμӽ
ģʽ漣лһϢʽɴٸݸϢŴȥȻҪ룬ҲΨһ룬змҵ棬ȡǮѣδ衢䵱Ѻ֮ķԼδֵ̽Ӫշʽ
ггδɣȾ͹дʡ
ʻ漣еͺܶ࣬ڴٷ֮´Ϣ껯Ϣٷ֮꣬һꡢԼޣȫ漣һ붼
ȻˣҲ㹻ˡ
δһʴѾȳˣֱɾٷͶģɭֱӴʮԪʯȥз׷״ʮʮ򲻵ȣ仰˵иոճɳٶԪʯľ޶ˣ
ԾٷĴ
漣̻кг֮󣬿пҲֱ漣̳Ǽ̻ҵ֮ѵģ󷽱ҲƲıܡ
һǳŽ塣
ɭֶԾΣ
ǾصĴ
˾鶼ԥ֧֣οвԿΪʲôǮأʱд٣ɭֵľ˿ǧϰ
ϡ
ʵϡ
иսɾмδڲϵķɭֺ͸ֱӵԸ˵ɹƭ顣
ɭᵣľƭƲô
ɭﲿ϶ᱻ½½дǮģ
漣Ƿͷǿվ˵㣬ܸᲢ۰˵ֻҪ˳չ߻ɭִ󲿷ֵԪʯ
һҪɳУ
пдʴûҵĿԽ෴ͳ˸֧γѭԪʯϢᵼп
ˡ
ôĿȥ
ڲĸո𲽣ô죬οԾеٶȣƾһôҲĲ
ô죿
ܲɴѳﲻϿϢɣ
ð취ǰѴԪʯԼ޺Ϣת浽漣ȥתķʽܾзգ漣ʱͱȾиߣϢҲ㹻׬ܶˣ
漣Ƿġ
㹻ʽȴȱĿ漣̻㹻Ŀȴȱʽ𡣾㹻ƺӰ漣ȴʵ㷢չַͨʽǸպó̻Ӷʵֹͬô
漣̻߲˽ˣ֪Ŀˣ
˰죬ȻΪ漣Ѱ


516 
Ǹ۲۵ŰһʱĵӾܲЧ
Сֻ죬ɭֺ͸ΪгＯױʴѾ׼ˣ׼תó쵽¹ǩЭ飬ó˳Ըȥ
µ˳Լû뵽
жԪʯٷλΪиոճòôʽ˾ȡһʮת浽漣С
Ϊ漣еϢȾиһ࣬ʲô鶼ң漣еϢУֱŶ׬Ǯֻڴ½½ԽԽ࣬Ǿľͳͳת漣У漣лȱǮ
ҰҪԶװռֿˡӨӨܹҳ죬һ¹ǩԼһʮԪʯ漣жһʮԪʯڴ̫˼ˣ
ǰ
˭ֻ뵽Ľأ
ֲеʵȴʹ漣д档
漣вó½ȥ飬漣㶨˫ӮӮԴϲĽ
һ㶼֪ǫΪôһɣСǸô˵
ӨӨش˵˿˵һ÷ǳƯ˲漣̻Ĳ㶼òϣһΰʱ̫ƯȻ뵽չһü⡣
ſЦ˵Ҫָƽʱ£ǲҲԸ£ֻҵ̫ǿһֶûǵˡ
ӨӨһѣݺ׳ۣٳˣ
⵱Ȼǳ
ҵ沢ûرȴж༸ĳԶʶʹԭճѵôǺǳͨģʽ
¹С
Ƕʱˡ
ֱ˾
вµľзݷܶҵþϽģԾһԽԽã
ʮֿ⣬ʮԣʮ򣬰ۺ󣬰ô
û⣬ϣԺ
ѵûˣ۲ֿ⣬ԣȫǷƷֻһңҪۣҲûа취ģʮԪʯ۸飬˵Ҳš
вȱٵҪɲ֡Ծλ˵Ϊǻ߼Գǿ㡢˼ǵܱϿռǮİȫܴûϢݶôӣֲա⻹ΪûԼд֧״Ŀԣܼ󡢼ٲԼƷա
鶼κ
һ㹻ˡ
鲻óƺ⣬ȴþȫûк֮ǡ
ǳã֮ڣǾͰԪʯ͵漣ǡҲǷǳãϾ澫һ޴תЭϸǺ踱Ѿ̸ˣԼҪǩֵġ
ȻҪǩ֡
ǰ򼶵Ĵ浥
ɨһۣܹһʮԪʯҪֲĸ֣һִҲϢ꣬һִ꣬һִһ꣬ٲִڱá
ûʲô⡣
ԼӡԼľӡǣףǺ죡
СԼݶģ絽ɭȥǺúÿһ
ͲˡһǷгڼ뾫ҲæģΪЩ鷳С¶߶ţ漣飬͸ˡ
ҲáԱŮ˵ޱޱͳ
ǣ
ޱޱųӨӨ뿪¹СΪͨ죬һ·㵸⼸췢顣
ںǾ޴淽δ϶ڻɭ־أӰʵ϶ڲò̫Ǯڿʼкܶʽת浽漣ȥǶܴ׬׬ģ̫ˣ
ûӣЩ⡣
ɭֵľᵱȻ΢ʣֲĺ͸λѽֻεѡͨˣκϾûҵġᾭʱӴܵķ㣬ܵͨѶϢĺôʵǵ̬ҲѾʼı˲١
ͨвԴƸӸֵԴ˼Ͱ飬ҵⶼ뾫ϢϢأþøá
ͨջɭֵʱ
Ǯھ
ǻÿɫ
漣ǿóԻɭʱľԿƣʵȴǽ辫ƼٷչδռɭôΪ漣̻ļ㹻ʽ漣ڴ½طؿΪʲôҪһɭֲأ
гɭִСС˵ҲǴ¡
ΪһɿֵܲƲܵͬȡ󷽱㾭Ҫֱžепѣܲȶֵ棬Ϊƿȴмͻʱܽͻƣʽʱܴѹдҵ뷨ȴûǮûԴ봴ҵ޲
顢漣ǡɭ壬Դϲ
ɭ޷֮أ漣Ƕʱ䲻ܽɭԨӰ˷ѴʱѵĿгֱӰгʵȥء
ںѾˡ
漣Ǻɭ־ͳױܲɷֵˣ
˫ԺĺϵԽԽ룬漣ڻɭĵλҲ˵Թ̣ޱޱϣĽһ漣׳١
ÿռƶǻȥɣ
ˡӨӨҡҡͷ˵ֱӵҵ½ܹôˡ
ޱޱڰ֣ˣǸǾигҪæʱ򣬿ȥæɣҪʧ
ޱޱ˱ֱ˵ǣģޱޱóʧ
ˣ˲ƻȥС
ӨӨȥӲ³һ·ܺáرӨӨֱţǰ컹רſ۹ôҶѹôĲѹȻô׾ˡ
ӨӨԳ˵漣лôһͶ̻ڲһͶʵֹܹ̻ģܿͿԴǵģ
⻹˵
׼Ҫʱֻֻʱеǳ⣬ֻģǴС㣬ϹҲˣȻ㡣
ˣڰǰ⵽ѰǿĸûɿǿߣСġ
Ѱ
΢΢ü̾ͬʱһʶǵͷųȥһɲǣ׽һǿҶΣյɱ
һץŻȻδӨӨڸովλã˲䱻εһ󶴡
⣡д̿ͣ
ӨӨɫ䣡
漣ѾȣǱ뵽д̣ԲǷ֮˭أ


517 о
漣ǵսǰȫҲ̨˵漣дʵǿ˺ܶྫ֣Ѿͬն
Ǳ漣ǷϮеѶȷն
ڼ͵ϮԽ㣬ƿķȦǱˣ˵Ƿ֮ӨӨɲǣ̾ͷųԪ꣬þռذͷ˲ԭʧˡ
ӨӨռ츳Լģ˸޷ܺÿƷټ³ĹϵֱӾʹͳʮֻΪʱѴ̿ʹɱ
ֻһ˲֮䡣
Ϯ߳ʲô֪
ȻԷҲûü׷
쾪˵ķӦͦ
գ漣ôд̿ӨӨϽ˵ҵ㰲˱㣬ȻôǱ漣̫Σˡ
û˵ꡣ
ռҡ
ٵˣ˰ΧУϼоκϢһȻϢĸˡ
Ҳÿռ
пռ츳ߣ
ռ츳ǧһʲôһǿ޼۵ĲƲ޲ΪصĶϡе˲űһ߶Σյ񣬲ϧðžһΣɱ죿ֻоͷĶԸ⸶Ҳܸۣ
ʹҲҪдɱô
ǡǡ˵Գӡ
󱲣Ȼ漣ǡ
ӨӨöԷ־͸о̿ʵǿΪԶԶҪʱ䡣Ǳֶζһ쳣̾ͻ֪ͨǰԮ
һӣǲӡ
ɱȻӨӨ̫ˡ
ӨӨϷƭõǣտû˵֣һȷӨӨͬʱоܿռһ̽һ޷ѵ˲ռסˣ涯á
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ռ츳ӵߡ
ⲻͨǿռεķӨӨΪԶ߶ԷӶǿиſռʹЧ򲻿а취ѡǣпռ츳Ĵ̿ͣ߱߰صΪһ۲۵Ļǿߣ
ȫɥʧж
һͷųԪ꣬ɴɺɫڶ˲ͷ۳һźƣɺڷǳ̵ʱͰ˷ˡ
ڰԪꣿ
һϡԪ갡
Ҳѹܹ˳Ǳڰ̽͸֪ٸԿռĿռƶ漣ڵԤϵͳǿһ
Ƹǰ˷ܹ˸֪漣ǾҪԮʱҲҲһоֻܿԼˡڵǣڰΧӨӨĸ֣ƺȫʵֲĴڡ
ռԪꡢڰԪӵߣ¶ǻڵľǿߡ
ĸʵѷɫȴҲ۷ĴڣҲ˵κһ˵ΪԶԶӨӨ
ɱ
ɱֱ˴޷죬ռǿ߷ڰǿΣĴɱֳ˶ǲǰģصĶǿߣҲһٰɣ
Σյʱ̡
Ȼɽɫɱͬʱһɿµʶ֡ʶƽǿģʶƺһͬʱȼ͵ɫ档
ڤ
ڤѾͨڤˣ꣬ԨףɱıʥڤѲǳģԪҶҲӡ

ĸһĺ´̿ͣȱʶԭأԪٻ٣ƹ֮ȥѹòͬʱʩչǿӹһ١
ʶҲܸʵ幥
ʵǽ˸еȣ
ڰǿٶȵǷǳ죬ۻһɼ졣ܹоһɺڰ߱ڰһص㣬ʴɡȾ⵽ûӨӨɡ
ռǿ߷ӦͬռǿңֻһռĵӳԪˡ
ռԪ꣬ѹ־֮߱ǿĽ֮
Ԫǿ˵Ԫ겢ֻΪǺĿռϵԵر󣬷ҪǻޱޱһӽԪǿȵĿռԪ꣬ûʲôвģһѾռиɼʮƬˡ
ռǿԽԽӿռ·һ߰Ť
ƺҪռѳӨӨֱӶ
ӨӨȻռһ㶯취ûУӨӨʱɫ԰ףЩ̫ʱһߣɫӵĮĿɱһۡ
޾
ռǿ˲;֣ΧһжʧعʱԼһȵĶĮ嶼̵Ļɳжãɳӿֳϣÿֻ϶ָ׸ǴС


ռǿ֪Լоȴûа취ҰѣǧƵˮû۾ӡͣԼκһĵطȥЩҲ׵ҧƤꡣ
ڶ̶̼ʱ嶼Ѫϳˡ
ЩϲʳѪ࣬ͷһҧ÷飬ʹʤκβп̷Ҳ޷ܣΪҪʱ
ͻȻ
һʧˡ
ıֻɳ嶼֪ƺʶʲôĿѸٱþ֡Ȼϳһγ֣һظովһУҪܵ˫ʹ࣡
ı˱ʮٱǧ򱶣ʮ򱶣
ռǿѾǵԼֻصľռͣãظҲϼĥУľѾȫݻˡ

ʵУֻǿһۣ˲߿ѪɫָֻɫΪһĹҲǷǳģʶʱûа취ˡ
ôһֿռǿĪˣ
ЩɱٸߣҲ޷ʵ΢һ㶣ôһ㶹
ָж̾ۼ˫ѱɰɫ
ལָ
ڰǿ߸оһɱֶ֮£ȫֵһжͽͣԴѹӢƮ˳ȥ
鼶ľǿߣȻڳ
ǣû֪쵽ʲô
˺Īȥģ
ĸɱּΣﻹҼսص͹ʵʩչ֮ߣԲͬɶݶȥΪ֮زز
ͻȻ
ط
ĸ׳ּһ̴ֽԪĸǿһֵûУͱᴩ
˹ô
漣԰ҲܸӦ飿
¶һЦݣովǴ򲻹Щ̿ͿҲܴɱɹɡԼƬ̣漣Ǹ·ַ׷׸ҲޱޱϵˣߵսѾȫ
̶ݣȴоյģ
ֵ˼ǣ⼸һﵽ˭צ


518 Ǻ
漣ڳɱҪǴȥӰɾ̫ˣ첻ƻ漣һƬƽ͵ľѡϢ
Ҳû˿ǣ
Ҳûʲôˣ͵ûɣ
ȴһӣĳЩһ漣֮Ȼνǹ׶㰵ѷ͵ǣеһξеڶΰ
ɭָ鳤˹ɵ漣ǣΪרŵ顣
ʣ˭ɵܲô
ѣ˹ҡҡͷ˵Ǽ˿ʬ壬ûκܱݵ
ֻشôܰģ
ӨӨˣ⻹Լĵ̰͵Ϯߵʵôǿϡ͵Ļǿ߶УǳΪǣϬ¹˭֪᲻أ
費ʣɳɱݣҿʮа˾Ǽһߵɸ㣿
͵Ϯ飬Ҳкھ顣˹ü˵ƲĻȻĸߵأĸߵû˵кھ飬ֻǱȺ
Ĳ²޸ݣʹҲûʲô塣
Ȼûֱ֤ݣʮа˾žǸɵģվ˵г𲻱ҵķ񣡡
漣ԱǿȥЩͷԿǿǸɭһεĴڣ
Ҷ
һﲻٰ֮ɣ
һӣһǿԼʱѻǽÿ߲б㹻ͻسǾԷ⡣һ治ҪʵжƬɭ֣漣ǲ˭ӣ
ǼǿȻģ׼ôԸǣЩһﲻǵģս漣پһսˣ
ǧҪ°˹һѺھ漣ǺǳʲôӣɭҲŵù˵ãǲսģ
˻
¶һĵ
ˣûָæͷ
ЦЦ˵ôŸʲôֲûӣİɣзִ磬ЩǾͲҪˣ
ϮܷϢ仹Щԡ
Ϊڳ챻Ϯû죬漣ǾͿʼľΪ漣Ǵƺͷ£Ϊ͵ľˡ
漣ɽܶıңԤƴﵽһٶÿֻܿһ飬Ҳ㹻ٿһˣ
ѡ񣿵Ȼˣ
Ȼľ޹֡ʿĺݽɫʯķб֣ȫԶòöٱսЩɱάֳɱ̫ߣ׶ԻȾ
ñǾ֮󣬲ߣȾǸȽܹٿظࡣñΪ漣ǵܴͶ뵽ҵ͹ӶΪ漣Ǵ򲻻ƣͶ
漣Ƿǧ˵żдھ
żΧĿʮֿɹ۵Źǡ
Щźǧ궼ݣ̺ŷǳǿֻҪѱ飬ôս϶ǲġ
Źװ䡣
漣ǵͧӹҺ͡
漣ٰ̻ᷢ뾫ҩʦճṩ䷽̻ṩϣһרʬҩˮݴЩͷ
ҩˮ̶ܰڹڣǵø̣йȾЩŹǼ򵥴֮͵רŵĻص㡣ٸ츳ʿרɹط𡢻顣
һֻֻñվˡ
Щøͨò̫һȻȻˣûйͷǽ׵ģǰɡ漣ڴĹΪöȫ׺ͷǹװǡ
ǧƵãżӲףֳߣ룬ָȥҿͷĻΪʿء
漣̻Դ㹻࣬ñٶȷɿ졣
̶̼ʱ䣬Ѿģ
ʱ漣ǵضɽҡһ㵭ɫ漣ɽվۼ漣룬һ޴֣Ȼ漣Ƕ档
漣Ƕˣ׷׸ߺ
꣬꣡
漣Ҳлǽˣ
ǽż֧ģһԸΧɽĳ޴磡ǿȻ൱ģҪֻҪнڣκ͵ϮѶȶ
漣ȫײ䱸һ̨Լκһ䱻漣Ƕ֪ܲ
һǽεѣ
ɭֳҪʮʱ죬ٻϰʱȥӹǿ
أǰѵٰżͷţվ漣γһͽˡСһ磬൱һɡ漣ǵĳİĵľס棬ȹӳаȫҪ
ЩƣߵǰһʮԤһʱ꣡
СˣЧʮ⣺ҿǲżһֶ棬طʺ
۾һ
⵹һ£
żǳǿʺиʬʬ൱ĵطΪż漣ǰΪڴܶ෽㣬شͷöʡˡ
ȴһߣôģΪ漣ǿżˣ
Сôô˵ʲôϵ
ʱϹ߽ϴҰˡ
Ŷô죡ʮ⣺ô
Ϲüǲ˵ʣҲˣĸߵںͼⲿս²Ҫ̲ǡЩЭ飬漣ǵľ۸ǣܺݺ׬һʣĸߵغһ
أ
͸ðˣر̰ĳǻɭģûԼȺȫڿȱһҷҪ룬ͬ԰֧ǸԿЩ˸Ҹа屾һͣٻ漣̻֧һ֧Ÿʱ䣬ҲϾԸˣ
죡Ϲ˵Ϲ漣̻ľⶼ㣬ԺǻɭľͷĿסһźƣܸ漣Ǵľ޴棬ƺ
ϹƷǳˣôһҪ˵ǳذϴͷĽҰɣ
׳İ֮Ȼ׳뷨ˡ
漣̻ԪѾܾˣࡢԼܽԾ߱ҵĳһǳ׬Ǯ⣬ҲȷʵӦÿʼˡ
ԪͳͳֵĶ֣ȷʵһǳİ취ֱӽ֣ȴʤֱӽ֡
צҪƵѪˡ


519 ҵ
챻µûü̾ͱһϵзڸˡ漣ǵĻǽ罨ʮþŵɣзҲõ˳أ
½һžϹƳսݣ
޲ֳԪǿҵȤ
˾һ̸УͻԤ籩ǹǹԪڣԼʽԪʶߴʮԪʯʵϣЩȫɱԪʯԤԶĽ漣ǾҡǮһҪ
⣬תһʮԪʯѾλˡ
漣ǶΧʼ¿ʼţǴҵ⻹һ̻ڲ̻ᣬǰͶʵĹֹܹϡп󳡣칤ԼзΪоѡ
漣̻Ѿóֻ⣬ǮͶʳȥʱ䣬̾Ϳ׬
죬ʵӪҵѾͨйܻҲˣھͽ㵽ɭֲμʽĿҵʽ
漣԰еĳӵӨӨĵ绰
ЧʻԣʵӪҵɣҲǺ£ҹζ
ԾѾ˾У漣̻䵽ʩͼҲѾλ彫ɭһ漣Ǽô塣
뻹Ҫӵġ
ŸӨӨޱޱϴС㡢˿ˣֱͨɭ֡
ҿǾУޱޱɭ֮ȼͰѴҴһǰױָűɷ˵Ƕô
ɭ롣
һ羫׽Ȼ񣬾ȻݽṹΪµ¥ôߣ״Σֱȴһٶףէһ׮ܶïʢ֦Ҷء
ǣȷʵǸΪϸ۲ܼɵ̵ľƣеı־һïʢ
أʵš
ڲռʮֺǮλʮأкܴܶضİңܹý磬ڲܹýƣ֮ܺܶ࣬˸оȫȹ̡
ӨӨ̲סޣĽѽ
ھ̵ǣҲǾͨķӣͨ嶼ϲСµסǵķӴһɵĺϳֲֻоǱҪ߱޴ģŻᶯøʯϡ
صҲûʲôáޱޱ˵ΪǾвҪھ̿Ѿƻɭֳȥˣݷǵȫһע⣬Ǿ
ûʱϸˡ
ޱޱռһš
˶͵ɭֵľ
пҵʱҪˣɭľ½½У߲վϵȣɭֵľ۵ס
ôˣ
ӨӨ߸ߵس¸ӣɭͷʶ˶ۼ˰ɣ
ɭֵǣһرӡ˹´žµľֳɭȨȣǾȥһʱŬҪУÿһ˶ǳйע촫ӰĻ洫ĸ䣬ÿһ֤һ̣ȣ漣ǵļλ˵ɣ
Ƚǵ˿
˿ݵȻȲϳ裬Ϊ漣ǵĲ񲿳漣игзҪĸˣδ뾫Ҫеģõ˿ûʲôֵġ
ʮܴ漣нӵǿӰӵд½˳޵ĿڱûʲôܱȾʺϳˣ漣ΪںδҪĺ飬ǱȻЯֹ¾̽Ϊ½ף棬ҽ漣оݡ
˿Ǵ漣ģ˽ݴв֮ϣЩݶԾ˵û˵ģǸеǳ棬˿ϣǶʱˮ
ֵˡ
˿漣У漣ǡ
˵һѻסƨĻѾƮƮȻ֮ſʼ׳ĸɻӣҪһϢʵɭֵĺھгǰʽ֮ʣ漣ھ硢硢Ϣ磬ʽʵȫǣ
׷վƣ
Ϣ̫ˣ
ÿһֵܽöܸøˣ
漣ɭֺԽԽǲΪṩȫ֧֣ǸڰѾ漣һз̳ͨǡӰԺ̨ͨѶԷ֡ȵȣֻҪֳ־пܽһѡδ漣ǻͶԴ齨޴Ϣݿ⣬Ϊÿһ鶼ݿɭͷḻ漣ҲΪɭֵƽ̨
ɭ֣ǣÿһ鶼ָˡ
轲þǶδȫ㽣
ֵǳˡ
ȣĿɨ棬ɭ԰飬ȫĿȿ΢΢һЦɤ˵ĵ˿Ѹ˵ĶѾ˵ˣҾ΢̸һĶɣ
Ƕʱ
ÿ˶۾գĿ
һõʱһʱͨȴɭ֣Ȼвϣսɱ¾ݣȻս½ԴḻƼոɣδֳʤÿһ壬ÿһˣӵ޵Ŀԣ
֮һҲ߹֮һǸӦü縺ʱʹǻۡϽȥӰˣǵĴࡢ½䡣
ԻΧûκһܹҲǲģѾʷõһᡣԣ¸ҵĴ˺صļȥ׷ȫµľʱɣ
΢ƽ鶼ӵ룬Ҫ·ɵĲߣΪ漣̻һҳ뺽ĸϣĻشңΪĴҵΪҴ½ĸΪΪǿ𣿡
Ƕʱ
룡룡룡
Ǿ͸һ𿪴ʱɣʹɭֿʼ½ʼ
ޱޱ˷ܶӯͨĸߺʱ˿Ӱһߴ
ͬʱ
ÿһк;ɭֶɽХź
ˣˣȫˣ¹˹úӶˣ˹ǹȻΥѵ˰˵ץߣ
ʵԱҲŭ
Ϊǿֱϲ⣬ȻɿΥѵôԷأǱţǼֱȥһŰ߷ɡ
鳤ˣϢŭ
˹˸Ͻס׵İ¹˹
ûᱳҳһƬľᣬΪո˵һǾһֱ˵ģֻݺ˵ڳ˵˿ڣﵱȻԳҲǷǳм
ǳл漣λĽ⽫ע뾫ʷһ̡߳ңɭ֮ʮξ˹£ʽг


520 ȳ
ɭֽӰʹɭֵĸ䣬ʽʼӪҲΪɭﱬըԵĴš
岻¡Ƨ꣬׼ô
ɭһްԣɭĵһȺκܱȣκһٶǣɭľƱ仯
ǧƾݽ룬ȫһĺʵ鲻ȫģ⼸ǧѭѵҲп˵ԽԽԴᣬԽԽĵ̱ʳԽԽֵܽñ˷ץߣѵǴʲôֻԽԽųԽԽή
߸ϣ޷飬ͷӸǳھǿԣԼǰ״֮УûҪĸ
ѵѾʺϾ飬ôΪʲôҪȥأ
鷨ҲдǰʸдΪʲôûʸģȻʻҪѭǳΪԼ
Ǹվˡ
췢ݽ͸Ͻص漣ǣñƥ׷ɱڳһֱйעеΪвǾ£漣˵Ҳһ¡
ǾڲҲɿԭֻҪ忪ڲ˳УȻҲ׽ˡ
磬磡ޱޱ𼱻ǻص漣ϲΪҴҪսõˣеһŴޣʱһˣ
Ϣ˶һ
ӨӨ̲סʣޣʲôޣǶ٣
ͳݶڴȡԪʯĿǰͨûа취Ҫв͸߲㾫ǣҴܳȫҵİٷ֮ʮޱޱһѿˮ˵ʹô֪ѾﵽԪʯˣ
廹Ǹ
ӨӨ㲻׸ʲôޣô߰ƣⲻǴĻô
쿴Ȼǿġ
⾫жԾ˵վһԡ
ܲܳɹ˭ҲҴƱοҪһ°ѾƸȡܻôǮô
ת漣У
ȹҲ˵漣ܲô࣬漣ܳԵȥҲҰȫƸ漣ǰ漣ǳʲô£ֻ漣·ԼκβԤϵرǿɾͲġ
ƿȺһΪЩи߲Էյֿǿһ㣬һΪеӪҵģϾޣԼʮŶӿֻȴӴͻˡ
Ҫһڿڳԡ
ָһڱɴӣ
ޱޱ˵ԪʯõģжⲢ趨ޣѾкü뾫ЩԨԴĳʹ߹棬ƺ׼Գ嵽пǮҹƿ϶һСĿ
ӨӨɣиճǮ
˿ʲô֣ɭӰжھжˣЩвֺû֧̽һ¾Ҳûʲô
һк˳쳹׷ģٶҲˣһɭ֣ǿУ
ޱޱʧʱƨ˵ĳ簲ôܲ˳أ
ϻ˭֪֪ܲܵЦȻ˵ʵǸ͵ˣұ˵˵ˣõҵ˵
ӨӨĵˣ͵˰ɣ
ڽǳɹһ룡һȻҲΪеĳսݸеˣԸǲĵģģʽܷɹȫʽҪܲγѭ
ⲻѰɣ˿̲ס˵иоѣɰѶǮת浽զ
ǲеġһɫ˵ֳ֧УȻΪ漣תĴ㣬ⲢǸĿġ򣬾Ŭ漣ǵļ˵ȥ
С˵ĺܶԣͷǲҪþгһҪתȥΨ˾вܼչΪɭӰС
貹˵뾫һɹþ㹻ôҲΪ漣һˣǸʱ⽻ȥ̸ȻԴԴϵǺģ
ޱޱʮָж
̫ˣ
ӨӨҲ֧˿һô
򵥣Ѿֲгͷֲ㾫鴴ҵɣޱޱӨӨ˵ޱޱӨӨʱ񣬾ǵȥٽչӨӨĲҪһԴкΧṩ裬˽ҵ漣̻ļֻҪǺļóһȨģ֮СƷӰȵȡ
ӨӨվã֪ôˣ
ޱޱҲʮϲ˵ǶΪĴˣ
˵ˣȥɣͻȻʲôˣǵ˿ŮҲæˣһ̶֧ӹȥæɡҪ֪ûɶͷԣ
˿ӧԸ˵Ϊҵ߻
Լ˼ͷҲã
ǳɣޱޱ־˵ͻɭֵδ죡
뿪
ӨӨȥ֯ˡ
˿ȥ֯ˡ
ޱޱг̺͹滮
˴вȫΪ飬ӨӨ齨ЩǺʣʲôǰ漣̻־˿˵ʯɽþԭһĲֵĿɽԴɱƸþٳس̳Ʒѵ̻ᣬ漣̻֮ϡ
ԽǷ٣ɭԽ٣漣Խ٣漣̻Խ٣ⱾһԵѭ
֮
дԪʯ
ܳԾ˵겻ʲô˻ٷ֮˾ʮϵģζžǵĴѳֶʱڴص顣
˸еȵǣҲӽˣ
ǺüĴÿдʮʮһ˵ʲôܶԾʾãҲ˳ˮԶõĸԸ
Ǯ̫ˣ
Ļĵ
ΪӪɱģĶڿת浽漣Ҳ꣬漣̻ϢȾиƾһתϢԱϾϢɱˡ
нžͿʼڷŴ
þ͸ǳ벻鷢ˣĸĻԶԤϸߵöࡣ
׼ҩ̵ģ׼̵ģ׼ҩĵģ׼Ƥģ׼ģ׼ģַҵ羫ԪӰӹҡó
Լ˻ܲô
ڣԴḻٷϴˣֻҪðտϴҵ΢еӣڻġ
жԼ˷ǳݣѺҪֻҪĿˣȫͨŴʱͷųٱʣܼƴﵽһٶԪʯ
˷ܵĶ˯žˡ
ųȥһʱԪʯһſӣоԼĸĿѾԽԽˣ˸ǣ͸λֿ֧֣ܲžдҵԭ
ںʧ
Ѫ޹飬ֻҪı侫һ̶ˮֵٶǮ򲻵ģ
ο漣̻ܣṩķտƣĿ΢΢αнߣ


521 
зչͷĴãþ;ǳһŶ裡
ڴȵͬʱģǰпȥøӾӰƲͶʱ巢չ˼أ
䣿
϶벻漣̻ļְ֧
СǳˬĴһӣʮԣʮ򡣺̻ܺļ˲ƷǮǳһ˵㣿
۸ȷʵ㰺ԾͷͶһҲ¾鲻򵥣
С㿼ǳԶ治м̰ͼǰСѣ
̻ÿ̨ԣܹԼҪδԲֻԽԽ죬Ϊ׬ӰռһǳҪҲǳ׬ǮƷ
漣ǣһ߿ĸߵء֮ͷۣһɭֵľٷչ˳Լѡ
ԪԣȫΪ漣Ǵɹ棡
֮ͨ漣̻ҵƷֻӰԺԪʳƷȵҲǸ߸ͽҸ澫鲽طչҲǴ׬׬⡣
ᾫô죬޿ת漣ˡЩǮһֱԴǿԴһڲԼ̻ᣬٴ߻²Ʒ¼ಿͶܹΪԼг
̻γһѭ
ӰӵɭֳСӵ
ⷢչٶԽ죬Խܵİ漣̻ԽԽǿ󣬲ǻɭĳЩձ¾½ĳЩע͵۹ʲôģǿɲǳܶԿģ
̻øǿ
漣̻ͳʱ䲢̫࣡
漣˶ڷܶϹƱͷͷȥˣʵȥгȥˣӨӨޱޱ˿ȥˣڴܹչȻҲæŸ漣ѵӣС͸˵ˣ
ҶڣСҲûʱʱùģ˳»أߵĹеôˡ
뾫оر仯ǳ
Ϊ뾫鲻ҪٹУȫ˶ǱĵоΪŴѧס漣̻ᶥļԿ϶ǰ˲١
ˣйԱԶ֪ͨ˿ˣõϢæӭӣô
Ŀ˿Ӳ칤˳㿴Ŀôˣﻹоѹ
ˣˣ踱ְѻؾһǾѴûôԣ
Ǿͺãǿô

һоڣʮ˸̾ȫװ豸Уڽܽһ졣
˵ҪǲɹĴ϶̽и죬ЩѾǳǿҹһθ֮Щ̵ʵܴﵽʵˣ
ڻɭѾϸˡ
ûܰѿƵôǿο̱ͺܲ򵥣θ˳ɹߴʮ̣ʵҲ
νǮԴʱ䣬ǳɳкѰȴһ㶼ûоþϲʵֲʶоô
˿ЦѶ̫󣬿¶ʱ޷ʵְ
ԪоŶᵽˣĻشҿû취⡣
ֱһ³Ǳ
³ǱǶڣǱֿܺͷߣΪǳԪоģģѾȴĹҪˡ
Ԫ漣̻Ҫļ֮һоⷽѧ߼ټϰ뾫ѧߵĻѾǧˣÿһоеľӢ
ͶκβŶ޷еģ
ʱ˿̣оļٸоҺʵңæµоһ׳ԪϵͳɶԪɣÿһԪϰٸԪɣԪĸԴڡ
ṩļѧҹܶͶʱ侫ڴԪֻǾķǳ
£оͶ벻ӣǹǷֲÿһÿһɾԪŻǳӴḶ́˶࣬ҲѾЭЧ˺ܶࡣǶмڼٶѾܴﵽʮΣǣŻǿ֮Ϸģʱ䡣
оȡͻƣ΢ͼоƬ;Եķ
⼸ͻƣѾˡ
漣̻һ۵ֻ˵ʵֻͰ漣̻µļģǶ΢ͼΪ봦봦ͱ֮ΪоƬ
΢ͼСͷǳˣ޷Ƕ棬ûкʶָ΢;أΪˣоſһֽԡĶ
ʹʶԾԽб̣ôγɸָֻҹҲ뱸ֻоԾԱдһ׷ǳԭʼϵͳ
кܴռ䣡
δ㲻ܣôͨҲܱдǳӵϵͳܣǼоĵһδɡ
ЩᱻоΪֻ
뷢һֲ͵ֲܹ
̸أоĸոзܴͨ豸оƬ̻Ŀǰļ޷ʵֲܡ
ʣƿ
ҪƿһȱֻۣƾʱһǲϷ⣬ҪСõļǾͱҵ塣
쾭ԭҡ
͸ƬУÿһ鶼ԪĵԪǽ԰ټˮ巽ʽнϣγһ󣬶һԪ
ܸӣǳӣ
ͬʶԪͬ
ҵĲϣܽСʮֲԹҵкܴҪ漣̻ĿǰȻѴꡣ
˼Բʱ
»ض£
΢΢һô£𣿡
ܣλø𣬰뾫޽оʱôʯӹ̵ص׿ռ䣬̺Ӧûᱻʯ߲ŶԣԾҲӰ첻
˺Ȼ뵽ʲôԾ𶯺Ƕħ֮Ǳ߷ģ
һ˲ƾʹſ˼ߵһΪ֪ôãȻѾһƬǽˡ
һʮ״־Ҵܡ
һֻֻµĵصӶħ֮
뾫ͻȻִôֲҿ漣װԪͦͻǹɨǿԿ
ڰӿ
ǾͿزסˣ


522 ̽
صرʱˮˮ
ЩһﵽĸˣȻ˴ҩ
ΪʲôʱҪڰǳΣգĿǰδ֪漣ǵоһһڰӿоأôȻ漣Ǵ޷ʧ
סǣ
ԨһԾ˫ͬʱһɨ쵽µĽ˲佻֯ȥ˲Ͱһֻ˺ѳƬ
˻ûء

ԪͷŶ
ħ񣬽οŻƣı鲼Ƽ֮ɢһëȻĿϢ
־Ͱѽ֣նŶڷ̳̼仯ٵڱ籩Զչͺըʮͷڰﱻɱˡ
ǿ
Ϊܾ߱ƻ𣿡
뾫Գʵеǳ𾪣
ལǿȴײʩչΪ̫ɱ̫ǿֻʺɱʺȺսͳ־ս
ལĹУжܹ콣ŵĴнйһ޹ʮף̺Ľ伮ȡվԼԴһ׽֮Ľ
ΪĽأ޽У
ʧȥڤûϵûҪˣǿʥʶ֮ٽ콣ŵԦ֮ԻΪֻҪϣԶϣ
ڰԽԽˡ
δŵð
һֻ׹ֳ涥ʯұ˳ɿԪϣҲȻȻ޾ײ뾫սʿ
ӭһ
׹ֳ浱ء
ܳʮ˳նһֻЫ֣
ֳֳֻֽ͵һѷɶм䶪ȥ˲䱬ըһƬ𺣣𲢲ͨĻֻһͨûĶһʧˣǰһ̻ڵĴɶ꣬Ȼת˲ûʣ
УʱЩ̫࣬ǵ˸ס
򼡢׹ֳ桢ߡЫ֣ص׹壬ֹ㲻
Ȼ뾫ڴפ٣ҽȴЩԲġЩڵص쳣ͣڶҲͰˣһЩ߱鼶ս
ֿ֪ȥ
뾫ܻء
ҪҪأ
ǻؾΣˣ
׹УͷұںȻ俪ʮӰ㣬Ȼ꿪Ҳڵص׿ռ䡣Щձһ׵Сˡ
˹
֪˹ʵܲû뵽ôǿĵ»﷢飬Ȼܹڵر֪ٻʮЭս
˹ǻɭǿ֮һ·ҲǷǳԮð뾫оѹʱ򣬵»ظ漣ǸڶȻ֮¸ϵˡ
ЧǺܸߵģ
֪һʱȥ֧Ԯˡ
Ц̫ʱˣ
ȻΣ˲϶˵ϻĳӣҪǰ벽
漣ǸһȻǳվǲСʱɱħ֮Ѿ鲼ʬǴͬǿֻţЩһǲˡ
һڷأص
ⲻʲôС£
ӵص漣˵в̫ˣ
Ȼ㱨Ǵһ£Ǹոնɱֻڰܹʮ֮ࡣ
ʮ֣еѽ⣬ôôࣿ
ȻҲͷԣǸеֵǣЩص׺ڰӣкܶ˴˼Ӧйϵ
üͷ᲻˲ݣ
ݣҾò̫񣡡ûзʲôɺۼЩȿֺ

ûв´ص׷ĳЩ䣬˵ЩڰĿֻţǲһеķӴܡ
еò⣺ǶԻɭֵصһ֪ɴСǿӶļһʿȥ̽һ̽
Ǳġ
֪ŵײôʱĳӣ˯Ҳ˯ˡ
С˵öԣļʿͲˣ˶಻һð£һ˵صɡԼͬʱҲ֪С϶ͬ⣬Ͼصһȫδ֪ռ䣬ôҪȥðգʵڲʲô֮٣̲˵صλãȥʣҵĹκλıԱļһЩͷԵɭʿҿûҵʲôмֵ·ˣ
Ҳе
Գ˽⣬֪ȻǾͿ϶ǸģֹҲûãֻ̾һ˵һҪȫ׼СҪϣسǾҲҪϡ
СͷİɣûӨӨȢôܻἱų£
ݺһۣ֪ӨӨˡ
֮ͥ£ǳӵķɴװ
ȻЩΣָ̹ˡ
һ죬û˵Ҷˣҹ
챻һȡƿҩ֣صݸ̻ƵԪȻ۸񲻷ƣЧҲǼãֻҪ龳Ϊһöҩ˲ظȫԪ⣬ֵҩƹмܶϣöΪаġ
漣̻¼Ʒâ̫ʢڸһЩͳҵˡ
ʵҩƷҲǱ⣬һֱûӳѧ֪ܶⷽʶϰ뾫һҩоģδЩͳҲܸ漣Ǵܴ档
ԪƵĵҩ
˵ƳɱǳߣÿżﵽһԪʯǻָ͵ļƷҩ߱ѷɫƷʥҩЧ൱´ųԣǿԳڷõġ
ǳĹϵֵҩʺϴۣƳƿȫΪ׼ġ
ԴҲΪжСΪô࣬Իر
һ֪ͺã೤ģһˮҪƽ֪ô

㰡ʲôȥ׼һ˦ߣֻһ仰һкܶ๫Ҫ
ʱЦá
СǶׯأʱһϹƱҲѷɫֻһչ¶ͨ˿֮µʵɣ
صǿ϶Ҫȥ̽һ̽ġ
κ˶ɭֵĵصףһ޴Ŀնṹĵص磬ԶҪκлҪӴһرȻͬĿռ䣬ʱʲôòʱַչʲô̶ȣⶼǳŪ׵⣡
꣬׼ãҪˣ
ж˭ֻǴСͬУʱС漣ÿ춼Ժȣë忴һЩҲǸôȥ˶˶ˡ


523 
ɭ֪֮£һḻ磬ֻǹʲôǻɭϵľҲ޷֪
˵һԶյ磬ڼƵĺڰ֣дԶűҴ棬õһΣյĵطҲд˵һԴ½߸ʱħؾͱر档д˵Ϊ磬¶ħ޼ɡ
֮ܶء
ص׵رȫȻͬ
̬Ⱥ䣬ȫر֮֡
˵صٲ뵽رȻҲͬرԵص׺Ȥ
ûϸûеͼָ
ֱӾͿһȫδ֪̽գδҲ̫˰ɣ
˭Ҳ֪صᷢʲô˭Ҳұ֤ص׻ʲô
Ŀ𣿡˰ѳ͵ħ춴ߣ뾫峢̽ƶ߸ռͼÿһζʧܶաҪ֪ħֻ֮ǵڣ磬üߵȣ
û
Ǹ߶ȣ
˭֪֮ʲô
˭֪û·ͨصףص粻δ֪价Ӷӳ̶ȣҲǳܹģ̽ռҺðռңҲԶʧеΣգ
ģŵһžᣬȫ׼ǷȥˡͲҪˣУ
ǣ
С־˶ֹңְֳͷӻߴߴ᣿
ûа취ֻѡˡ
žﱩңħ춴߷ӣֶԷֹƵٶȷ
ҿһԷվĽ߽֮ǰΪ̽ﳱٴαҲܼʱԤοһܲƵãЩߡ

ħ֮кܴͬ
߽üģôô
⸽даۻȴѾͳͳĶˣûжѱزкڱĹ߻ûмʬ麡
ֱһ߰׳
ڰڱҹУҲụϮɡ
СһֻһñӵᣬӲкٳپˣʳһȥ
ʮֲͣˣҿЩģҪҵԴͷ
Сҡҡͷ
ʲôҲ
̫Ｏû߱ͨ˴ʮָӣСûа취ͨϢʲôط
˵
Щﲢĳһͬĵط
С׷Ϣֶûа취ҵȷ·
֪ԳԳԣؼʱ̷ӲãôĿնʣôҵڰ
ָСãСһˣƤʤˡ
ôһС
Եٿ޾
̽յģֱҰ
漣ǵ»ңȶ粻ʲôֻǴڴ½ѣҪڴ۸ӻҵǰص·
Ȼɢʺ͹ܴصֲԽʾԽƫ棬ͨرкǿʴԣǿصֲɹĿ٣ȴͷ廨ŵľ綾壬Ĳ֪
ͨʿ˵Ѱҵص磬ڶԨ鲼ĵط̽գҲҪĪģ
ȥѾ
ҲҪҵ
̼öƵĵҩ˺Ϳʼжûеͼûȷ·ߣһֱͶˣ
ռһ鱻ʴǧٿ׵Ĵʯͷ䳲Ѩڲͨ۸ֺ޹ɣ鲼ֲҲֲΣյĵ
Ƕһ⡣
Ϊʲôص׿ռǧ壿
Ϊ֧ţһ־ǳڱͷųɭֵǿʣÿһʯͷ̵ĿȸӶγǿʿܡһǸڵصҪ֧ſˣݰҲܳص׿ռڡ
СȡɨΧ
찴Сָʾ߲ܿͨ·һһ޿ʼڵǰ첻֪Լߵʲôط֪絽ûбͨڲϵ֮С
ռӳܴá
׿ԽԴԽϰҲܼʱһЩΣգҲٶȺЧʡ
ˣƣһʯͷϢӻͳһԪ£ĵԪѸٻָѾһһҹ˰ɣΪʲôһرֶûУ߰ĺڰﳲѨ
ʱȥʱڴ½ļǳ쵽ֱͨӴͣҪԼĵʲοĵʷܴ仯󲿷ֵ綼ݻ٣ʹʣĵҲǾ߶ȸ죡
⡢ͷҲ㣬ȻƾСۣټӳĿռʶÿνӴﳲѨʱܼʱܿ;⻹ս
κֻԶʲôʡ͵ĵơ
սóеǳǱ
СȻŪŴ죬С۾ͻȻһʲôر֣㵸צָһ
Сָʾķȥ
һϿȣгŷǳİְɫɫľʯ㳤ұں͵·һĵطǺڰ̾ش
ȷûŪط²߰ɣ
Сʮֿ϶û
Ҳûиõѡ񣬼ȻһôƶôԿɣ˵г·أ
ϡ
ǿȳռ䣬ǿԶԶ
Ũĺڰ֮£첻ʶչ˶񱻽ÿʱÿ̶ܵʴ
ͳһöܵҩ£ǱϿߣ
ͨɽȻССǧƵĿաóЩڳߵͨмʱϿȶ߶
һֻֻ׳ĶѨ
￴Ӧĳڼޱȵĺڼ׿Уȴһ򵶷ǰ֫Ű͸ĳ򣬼ת˲֮䣬ǧĺڰʹӳѨӿˡ
ħϣϳֺģ㿴ָʲô·
ħϿϣʵһжħѪͳħޡħٶȿ졢ǿħϵһַǳĲϣΪǾʶãԳʥʶҲѷֶħ߻Ծ
б¶Ըôħ
æһռ˲ơ
طǿ̫ߣʶûа취λԶ룬Ҳ˲ƶľ룬ֻƶһǧףȺѾͷۼ
ˣ
ǧֻħͬʱһֹ
ħΣչֶξˣл߲öԸʱħܰѼǧͳͳӶǳĴ;񲨡
ɾ֮ǿΧɽ嶼


524 ħ
ħϱһַǳľϵħޣȻľ񲨲ǿֻܶԻʿ߱ʿ˺һгǧֻħϵľôһ˲ƻͲǳˡ
ӾںϾϡħޣ촩Խǰʱû뵽лĻᣡ
ɽ𶯣
ʯӶ
ľӰʣʥʶ緽ܾ߱ˮƽ
οں֮Ӱģɶ˴ʮ˸ʥ֮ʿһͷʶҲ޷Ľ
һħȺľ񹥻
¾һǿû֮£ֱܵҲȫˡ
οͨʿ
ǿ϶ж٣
Ϊ첻ͨˣΪԪԣ湥ߣ¾ǾֻǧħϹ̫ƴˣ㲻ᱻҲܵһӰɣ
նݣ
쿪նݣ׼˲ѣȴѾ̫һ㣡
񹥻˲
նܶܳ湥ȴ޷ֵȺ㹻˲һ
һξıը
ѾҲʻݴ˴δ
ӾͺΧɽ˲бըѵļһɽľ񽭺ӵӿ
ǰһڡ
ȫʧ
ƺһ
ľûܴɸӰ죬ɥʧκնݵ״̬ҲԶˡ
û
ҲҪˣ
ħϻһƿ£򶯵ó
ЩΣյһΧס³ᱻΧͷҲһҪٴʩչ˲ƣֻǿжϳԪƣڵĳһΪȫɥʧˡ
⣡
СҲż֪˲¾񹥻ԲŻ˴ðգû뵽־СޣȻæһֶħϣȴҲ赲ģӴƣ
ôأ
ڶȺһͷųʶȺȥȻʶϿȻ裬ľ֮ڣʶܴȺҪҵĿꡣ
ǧĺɫħ룬ӵһֻ͸ĽɫħϣħкܴȻͬӲӲļ׿ǣǱȴǶħ֫Ҳ֫Щ


ħϾһ֮󣬻ָӹָ֧ӹپֻڲͬըĺըģΪҲɵġ
Ϊʱжϣʥ֮ǿʶȻڣ
ħϵǿڼ壬ʵǳһֻڵʶ;棬ĵƾĶ壬ûдﵽʥļ
ʶֱӾ͸ϣ
ʶ壬ȻǿҵĿܣθ徫̫˳뵽ľ֮Уʶľںһ
о񴫳־Ĳ
Χľ񲨣һηըһΪϣ
ûκģ첻¾񹥻Ϊʱϣʶû̫ϵըΪϵĹУʶ̡
Ƿǳ
޷Դ̡޷дַֻ֣иơۿžҪħ˺ƬȻ;ȥ
ȼգ
Ϊ˫޴
û취ֿ죡
ʥϣɹЮ֮󣬹Ȼʶֱ̱ɱǹɱûκôġ
һ޷ٷϹ
Ϊ޷ѣȻᱻŭȺ˺顣
ôأ
췢һֽԲоȼԼľΪľѾںһˣ˵ȼԼͬʱͻ˳Ҳȼ
ȼԼȡݸǿľ۾һȼôʧȥǲܴġ
ΪԪǿֻҪܼʱֹ֢ް
ļͬʱ˲һĻ֣ǰѰߴȺ壬Ⱥ̼ͶܵӰ죬ȫ
ȼգ
ȼգ
޷۷ֱ澫ȫȺ
ԭħϷϽʱͷǾǻһģֻҪȼһ֣Ѹӵľ֮ϣжħϵľ񶼱գ
֮ʣ
һ̼ͰǧƵȺ߽⣬ҲΪǧĶħϾ񶼱ȼڶʱھڶըͷŵʱ򣬼ǰһǿʮ
䣡
ɽ׷ױѣ
ǱͷĥĲιȥˡ
ȼվ취ȺǳãѶʵ̫󣬿²ģ£Ȳ˵ʥ巢ȼ̶ȵľըûʲôܵסɣ
콥ָʱ
ħϵʬѾһأûκ˺ۣȴѾĲˡоͷĿѣܣ£Ǿܵ𺦵ĺ֢˭ȼأ
Ԫ֧ȴڽع顣
ʱȴ޷ȫָҸطϢһˡ
꣬ĺ£
ŭȻҪСϣСκҴ·ôСһСβͣƨɾǺݺһƣС֨֨
Сæġ
ʾ´Ҳˣ
һŹأ
βúýѵѵԺ޷죬ڳ׼ֵʱСȴצָǰ֨֨мʾ쿴
תע⣬ҡ
˳СָķȥϿĵұ֮ϡȻһͷСӨ͸Ķ
ħϵ
Ȼô࣡
ħһַǳϡħޣѵļֵǳߣܸɳľѲϣ
Ȼʶȫھ񣬵Ǿʶǧ˿ƹϵʶҪΪҪһĲϣôʶĳɹʾܴ
޷߼ʶ磬ֻҪþͬǿ߸ۺôԿ񹥻ͻ
ħ֮ѲԳо޴ֵܴȥС㡢ӨӨʹãԿǮ򲻵ıϣ
С˵ܳȥͿʼЩħ֮ˡ
쵰Ͻó«ÿδʱ򲻼ӶãսƷ㵹Ǳ˭죡
Ҳǹʧܣ
һһٶȰѶħ֮ѹθɾˡ
ħ֣֮ʶһȻǳΣգҲֵðɡ
һűĶħ֮⣬Ͽҵü꼫ľԵ3ʥҩЩҩܰ޲ˡ

ôʱϿڷ֮лǻĺƺһ֧ӳˡ


525 
ħϿĶ̫һЩǻע⣬춼ûü뿪Ͽȣ̾ͱǧװĳ鲿Ӷ棬֩塢Ы塢֮࣬ǵرȽϺ塣
Ȼĳһľ񲿶ӡ
ħϿʬҰľ󣬵ȻǶħϵʬ塣
Щǻ𼱻ǸǰĻʱ޲Ŀɿڴӡ
ħϳѨŽӽһֻħϣԿĽʵںţﵽ׷ʲôΪڶĶħĸɸɾ
Ҳ߲ɴ󷽷վˣǺã
ǧĿͳͳۼڳϡ
ʲô
Щ汲ڵصףûȥرĳ壬ٷ֮ʮʲô֪˴ڿһȫĿ⿴ų졣
ѵЩħ϶ɱģ
˵棿
ԳԲ̫죬رǶԹŴĳǿһ㡣
ħǶôΣյĶ̾Ͽһ
ڳΪЩһôܵӢ۰Ĵ˵ȥ
ԣûûϽش˻һ·˵ؼħϷĳ֣ΨֻԸΣʩչһȺײаʵҲ̫лңеᱲ֮ʱֻ˶˵ˣҪʲôҩҩóлңҲǲܾġ
ĳЩţǷѺһ

ɶ񰡣
ħϾǱ쵰ɱģ
ٷǳҷҹŹ֣û̫Щһ˵ʲôЩһɱҲܲµô¡
ҿ
ˣ
ѲϿĶħϻǱѱģ
Щİû⣬ȻȥһѴϣ
ħϺεϡһ°Ѷħɱþ⣬ֲʧô鲻붼֪ˡ
ץס
ץס쵰
͵ĻᶼûУ׶ش̣мʸҵĹȻͷ͸ǹ
ģù
ǳԴ˵̬𣿡
Ӻôǧһӵرģ
쾫˺δ޸ԪΪҲûȫָ֮ô򣿸οԷ˶ڣŲ
С״³ƿÿһƿӶը˫ͷԳͷħǣͷʵǿ3ħޱٻ
ͷħӴһٻ͵סڵĳ顣
Ȼ3ħ޷ǳǿᣬҲûа취֧ŶãСҪ·һ˲ƻصϿ֮ڣ컹˲ֻͷۻվȡ
һĨȫѪ
⣬أΪҲûָǿ˹Ʊøأ
ħıǰ洫СٻͷħȻѾɵˡ
ô죿Щһʵǿ
в֣һ߱ڣڿշУٶȿ쵽£ֻӰ߾ѾüΧסˡ

ģ
׼֩ŮµѶ͵ˣ
ɶ񣬸ĵʬΣʬΣ
鷢ֶħϵѶûˣǱøӱףЩѿǹƷ֩ŮһŭǲͳжҪܵǣΪһеף׵ˡ
ֻ취ɱȥ
תԪһڱ
ʱ鿿ֱӿնݣ䵽ԼϹЧħɨʵ׵ĳ鱻׾ٵնڽ¡
Сֺһͷħޡ
ڿշϣ׼뿪Ͽȡ
ˣ
ĳ鲻֪ʩչʲôʯ㱻ȥȫ棬Ȼʯ׶Ǵ̽ڣһɾ޴Ҫקˡ
ĸоЩʯÿһ涼кǿҵץСʹһԾ
䣡
һը
̼䱻ը÷ǡ
ٴζ԰г췢ϮͳһԪ£СӭͷƤһηռЩǰʧˡ
ȥˣ
Ŀռ
ĴҲӰ
ˣӦ߲ԶģһͷĿĳŭǼټˣڵҲҪҳ
ԼһӵĹ˳鱻Աչһε̺ʽЩȻڵ߰ѳѳǵв׷ٸ֣СԶ̷ֶԷԳڵ״Ҳӵ̫Զ
һɫЩ԰ףˮ͸ˣȻûκˣǾ˺ء
ܵشҲͳ컹ֲܻ̱ˡ
ô
СצһȦȻֻһСȦֻһơ˼ǣڰΧȦѾԽԽСܿҪΧˡ
ġ
ֱͱ˷ѣ
طôô飿
Ȼǻô͵ǿʼӴȻ鲢ô򽻵ӦûӳϢİɡ
״̬֮£»ᱻץס
ȴУһĵطˡ
С۹۲츽ѷֵĶ߳죬˵ǲԶطһУģǳĴ󣬹м˿ڡ
ͷ˵Ӧǵϳ
Соʲô̰ߴߴ֨֨ĽԳľָָ
ͿΧˡ
㻹ǸϽ;߰ɣ
òײ˵߾أ
Լ˼ͰѾƷóȫСװڿռС겻֪ڴʲô⡣
ҼͶĵظŻ𣿡
ûʱȥͼƻ
ΪѾʱ佫˰ΧΪһĺߣ·ӣĻ̳Ͷ
ǾûһͶ
˭֪ʱ򣬳ȴʵʵ߳߸߾˫֣ų˵ͶͶɱңʲô˵
˹
챻һƷŵڵϣúھʯ廨󣬳ظо־ʯԪóûа취ʹκ
ħϵ˵
ɱڵΧǴħ䲻Ͱʬˡ
˵˵ȫͬһֺӣǲ֪ЩħǱİɱңҾʹǰѶħѶ׷أô
ǽŽ
ʲôûҵĵطҲʲôûз֣Ѷħѻܷ˲ɣһ֮ܶԸħϣͬ
ͳ죬ô죿
ȹؽ˶ޣ˵
һȺ廨Ŵˡ
Щ鶼ûע⵽һֻ۵ĺ꣬Զȫʸһص˵³֮ǡ


526 
˶޳ǡ
ĵ³С
ȫңܹʮȺǴ͵³ǡ
Ϊһֵ͵ĵر岻һܿʳά棬ЩԴͽزٵһ֡Щܱգнܼӹ̳ļ׿ǣǾǿķ
Ϊʲôпɹ۵ȴûзԵرĽΪԴҪرóо̫Ӧͺر顢ûصһ
Ҳֵģмɷǳֱ𱻼λǳǿͳΡ
֩Ů˹
˹ͳκճ֮һĵ̺˿ڣҲǳΨһڵر罨ݵ䣬˶޳ǣ֩ŮͳϽ֮µһ³ǡ
챻廨߹ҾǣҵͬҪȱ첲ˣǾһѶûˣ
ٷϻ
˶޳ȥĿʱ΢΢һͣһμصص³ǡ˶޳ǵ״ӣһǧٿ׵һľ޶
ΧдƬյأ鿪ٳֲֳֳڰͺڰũЩߣҲһ̶ȵ
˶޳Ǹߴǧף״һ©ΣϴСȫգ߽ȥʱͨ˴Ľͨ磬ֱ䳲ۻҡ
ԹҲˡ
˴泲һѳûʲôģûоӣûԱһ߸ϵж廮֣ԵĻңֻֻȴĳĬ
ǳȻһĬȺȺһʹûָӹ٣ûзɹλȻλߣÿ˶˾ְԼҪ顣
̫ˡ
ڵ찡
Ҫ̿ռᣬ治ðգ
߰Ѫܻͷ򣬲λȴһ޴ͨ׼ȷ˵һǳܵĹذפսʿƺһͷеð
΢΢ʶ֪̽һ¡
ذ֮󣬿ռ޴һбµľ޴ͨ
سηһʯη̵ʿ޷ݻ٣ʶȫεģԳʥʶҲûа취֪̽˿
һλھηֲܸп̷
㵽ﵽʲôĿģ
˵
һĺھӱ˺ۣǽϵƤ˺Ȼ˿ͿĨʹҩˮ
ھȴ쳣Ӳ
ܵʲộȻ߶һ
һų֩սʿʣô£
һļϸ
˻Ÿʲôɱˣ
˵ˣҪϸ˳ϢԻɱ
ߣһļϸһرĵһɡ
ھںݺݵĥһ֮˹ȥչؽͬһηҲǷΪܵϾȻǱﷸ
Լʮӡ
ʹлָ־
Ŀþʺһ䣺ι㻹𣿡
ࣿ
֪ࣿǿ̫ˡʱһǿԽģһˣôץġ
ô֪磿ھƺܿʹ࣬¶ǳȺŵı飺಻ڵرΪʲôᱻЩ٤ĳץ
٤ߡ
ֵʡ
ܲ³˼
Ƿֲģײĵ磬ҪһЩԶ߶ħھ֮ġ٤֮ϣȻҲ磬ԣرԾͱȽϽˡ
٤Ĵͳ顣
ͳ٤硣
λĺھᱻץˣΪ٤֮ϵѺã٤̰ͼԴҲͬȾָ٤磬˫Ա˴˴ԶԶڶԵرĴѡ
һûеľŶȿǽţһرɭֳеĳΪºڰﱩҸдһ鷳Ծһ£˭֪СİЩŪˣͱǸץ
ھǳԾ
ɻɺͳԾ
ر٤ֱ߾ԶȴڰﳲѨһɽȻأԼջûмܹȥ·
ǹƥܴӵر
ھǳΪȡ鱨һֶˡ
ھĬѯʣ֪ôһ𣿡
ħĶħɶģ鲢ȫûбҪΪ˸ڱץûл뿪ˣ׼ɡ
⵹δأҿ֪ƺ٣һӳȥ
ߣܶѵرﶼһ˵󻰣
ᴵһڡ
Сһźη롣
ھ¶֮ɫǡ
˵Сж³һ֧
ΪĿɿڴĺھֶһ֧ռݸⶫǿռ䴫;ᣬֻҪܻصرڸߡ
㡭
ҾһҪϢܹƽ˵ˣ߰ɣ
ھԥһ£ȴѾỹ죺ҲߣҪ

˶޳ڲ߻֣ұϢȥ
ҿӳҲ˶޳ǵķܣ
Ҫ˵һүҲ˵߳ȥɣ
Ҫܰæһظлģ
лˡ췭ۣô㣿
˶޳٤߼Ҫ֮ͨһ˶޳ǵײһĹذֻҪܴذлط
ʵһﲢףҲôȥ漣ǡ
˶޳ǵķܣڳ״ַ̬ǳãܹˮ㣬ӷܵηӳȥִذأ
ھĬ֪øΪѣȻˣԼȥǾʹ˸ǡ
ȥ
ɱʲô𣿵ֱηײɴ㣡
д;ûлܵģһ򵼣Ϊʲôúðȥ翴أ
СԸµĽҲܸȤ׳һߡ
а취ʱ䣿
СԵϴһηھֱ仯˱ƾձ仯廨
СϷѣ
Сַöǳͺھ飬˶оһ͸ڣ״ʼ仯Ȼһ֩ӡ
в
СôණҲȫûô⼸ڳ쿴Ƚͨϸ۲컹кܴʶƿܣˮȴǴ´ˡ
ðɣҾ͹ԣ˫ɰɫռͷų˲ѺھУߣ


527 
ʮ֮˶޳Ǽκ䶯ˡ
ˣ˰ϸ͵رˣ
Ϣ񳤳㱻һ˶޳ɢսʿԾӷ
Χһ׳졣
ȻӰûУ
еǳ֣һǺھ飬һǵرﶼǺĿģǾҲܲϳôܵһӰӶûأ
ͳ죬ǵļһпռǻ᲻Ѿ
죡ͳģ齫һߣ˶޳жʶĸλ⣬ܴ͵ȥοǸһˣһ߲ԶңңҲͱŹң
⡭Ǽͳðɱ²ΥֻӲͷƤȥңǣ̷ڣӳڵȫ
ȵȣͳʲôϸпܻ跨طһЩˣǿذķأҪκοɳ֮
ͳĻû˵ꡣ
׳ĳսʿͻŻŵķɽͨһڵأͳ죬ذոձϮˣ·˴˽ȥ
ʲôͳ첪ȻŭذôᱻϮ
սս˵кĿռ츳ߣǵĹذͷ¸ûãǷֵʱѾͨˡ
ȫǷͳ̱죬죬׷ǻص
˶޳ʱۼ񣬵һʱۼΰذڣһ¡¡ľ죬ذش򿪡
ʮ齫һ
ˮӿС

ΪͨһͨͲôһ£˶޳ǽ֮ͨû߶Զͽһ¿ռ䣬֮ӣѷɫӵر٤Ĺ̡
Ҫǣ˶Ǽ״̬쵹ûʲôˣҪھϣȴҲʵɺܴӰ졣ھ鱻켸ҹܸĥأսҲѾۿˡ
оͷζĿѣͣ˵ǵ׻жԶ
٤ֱ߾мٹڵٶߣ·Ļµϡ
ʲô죡㿪Цɣ
⻹ȫ·֮¡
٤Ѿ磬٤мĵشǵ޷ϡŹֵо춼в
ھûˣ̷ǳؽе٤ߵצܿͻ׷׷Ǿͱȥˣ߰
УҴͷӬĵ˸ӣǳᱻϵġ
һϣվŲͬĻǾͱɣ
㲻ңʱԳ롣
㡭
ЩϻȰĿһߵСϣС׳˼ٻһͷ񡣳ϣֽקëһĿɿڴĺھе㻹ڷʲô㶣Ǹˣ
񷢳һĳѸݵ׵һͷ޵ȥٶȼΪݣֳ۵СϿѵĸɻӡ
ھͳȴ޷ɾ衣
û뿪ԶͻȻмֻͷɶ׷ֻɶ궼״󳤣ÿһֻ϶һǿߣȻѾͺھˡ
̵ģô׷ˣ
С겢ûб˫۱ɫԷɶħ޾ͷֻɶͬʱƻ˺ҧһֱɶһֻɶһɫ棬˲ͰһֻɶİûˣɶħҲŤսһ
̵С
ܷӿٷɶʵһЩŴ֮СħЧһԷĻСӦԲġ
ΰë󺰣ٿ㣡
ʮֻݵħѾΧмֻɶͬʱһɫ𣬴˻ǳǿҪ汻УͻɥʧжСһķܻ棬һǰĴɶꡣ
Ǿʱ
ǿĸƵϮڵɽʱ˲ͰѼʯɷĩһصشĸ˲佦ë񷢳һշ˼£ٶӿѪȻ˵òأвѾˡ
ûа취͵ػԪ꣬˫ɴɫһ̹ע˲˵ϴ롣
ٴμһͷǰǰɽͺȻͷһ޴ԨֳǰֳＸףٲңǳ׳һԣһǰ㣬˲·ȥ
ֻ׷ں棬ΧŤҪǿҵˡ
ھվΧӿֳɫԪϢջ۳һž޴ĺڹڰԪ꣬ԹΪһóԶĸ֡
ھ֧ڼ
һʧˡ
ͷһһֻһϡ
ȻЩǿĹﲻڱһҲѾ⵽شûа취ټ׷ˡ
ھΪ
˰ɣ
ʵ۵¶һ֣
οھϡ͵ĺڰԪ꣬ļȥʱڰ޷׷ȴӰΣ˾зǳǿ
׷ոձһξ롣
ȻһֵƺڼʧоЩʱƮһΧܶʯʵȷʵڰеġ
ʧز㣡
Դ½λṹйоʧزԳγɵգ½֪ʧز㣬һھرٹߵ⣬һ׵ĵصףûκģʶƯʽڡ
˳쿴ܶ಻˼ľ
޴ɽ壬ȫƯ״̬ģҺ͵ػ޵Ԩ֮ȴǰ̿ͺڵĺˮһ
ԽԽĻ𺣣ǡ
ھ٤߽㣬Ǳ취ػֱӿĵؽˡ
仰һεЦƬƬҺ͵ػγɵĺôʲô
ھ֪ǺѽܵģŸô͵ʱ
˭֪첢ûжʣӳ棬Ȼӿһ׻棬Ѹٰ棬ҲѺھ顢СסһֻͶʯͷһͷͲ硣
֮γʧزĽ𺣿ȥǳˣʵܶȷֲеط̼̩̹ɶճɻңЩطΪĻԪֿܵ
ֻҪ߱㹻ʵϺʵĴйߣҵһʵ·ôǿԴ洩ȥġ
Сڻߡ
֮Զȳиߣвһʱ򣬳͸оʮֳе֮ʱ򣬳Ѿʼ֧Ųסˣе֮ĵʱڤѸٵˣ޷
ȸº濾ʹĳ鴤ֻƾԿ
ȥ
ȥ
飡
һͷᴩˣһͷ役ڻ̽̿Ĵǳ㣬Ӹ߿ձֱ׹˴أһ죬ײƬɭ


528 ϡ
ػٺ񼸰ףȻû֧ȥˡ
óǳҵǣԪͿľһ̣ڴ޾ﴩ˹ȥȻһճɽ̿ȴȻһŻǰ׹䡣
䣡
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ˣأѾˣԼ취
ҵڱһ޸ʱһ
СѳڶħϿҵ꾫ʥҩȡҲûʲôڤ𣬸ɴֱӳԽȥȻΪ¯ˣȻǳ˷ѣİ취ѡ
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Щ˿ǳʼԶ۲죬㿴һӣȷûжӰĳ
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ڰؾˣҲзһȺǴھֹżħķ棬ȡ˺ܶ಻˼ĹϼͶħһôǿСеλ
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ڣȫ޸ͬʱΪҲͻƵ۷壬ھؽֻһ֮ңˡ

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ھըأķǳЧȴǺǿġģ¶ħϵĹʽþ֮˲һδը䲨Ӱ췶Χܹ֮Ŀ֮࣬κһȲϡ
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ҪǶԸʶΪԶԼĶ֣һξ߽˷⽫ڴģսԼս
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ħħ׷׷𹥻˻ûиеԶ̹˸е޷͵ǣȻʼվԭûԶ̹ϣȫڿϴȴûκ˺
ΪʲôҪñأٴͷųǿʶһûùʩչĻ𣡡

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ȻƽӣǸѿһСЦҷĻӡҰһڤӡڣõģӡ״̬Уǲκ˺ģֻҪҵͷ΢һǿ¾̼ɽˡ
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ħħħħĸׯ˴˾ܽʲôϢܵһʱӦʵ嶼ŵɭȥҲһΥڰɭַС
ĸׯΪһֶֻҲΪʲôᱻշԭ򣬸ǲ˵⼸СӲǿ
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ڰͶħսʿֻ߾߱ܶǳ츳Գ˵ֱһȻıӪ
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쾭һͳƵõݣӪڰؾһˣȻڰؾûʲôսΪÿһǳɫĻеʦöħܹǿŶӵʵ˾нϸߵֵ

һׯӪأ˸̣
ڶҪȥռռ侧ʯԽԽã
һݴͼгɱǸССĴׯӪأֱӻʮȦЩطǵһ׼ռĿꡣ

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첻壬ԿܶĹز̫˽⣬ֻ̣ǻģ׵վȰ˵ζȡӪأпѾհڳǣټչֻ»⡣
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Ŀ󣬼ֱȶħҪֲͿ£ԲǸ׶ײġ
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ﻨӪȻܹȹǰ漣ǻܲˣҪ֪漣Ҳȫһ˳
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534 ռ
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535 ѷ
ЩʯĿռ侧ʯȴ˶ھֵõǣ
վֹĿռʯʱʶܸ֪ռ侧Χ仯ÿһ龧ʯɢƵʶǲȶġȻȫֹᶯʵÿĿռ涼ڷ仯ʶѾȷ׽ʵʱλá
״̬ȷʵնݷǳơ
նһʩչͻƵЧʱ湥ЧǾ湥Ҳۿۡ
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ΪնκοռıʣһݿռḶ́ݿռҪܵйϵһռ䴫ͺˮпռ䴫Ҫĵǲһġ
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ˮԸԿռݸŸˮпռݻĸһ
ζ㹻㹻ܶʣȫܲռ˶ʵǿͨնݡôͬĵҲõģֻҪһ㹻ǿĿװûЩռ侧ʯͳͳصʲ棬Ӷ׵Ŀɳ
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ڵǼĶв̺޵ͬʱ޺ܶ϶ԭʼļ䡣޵ڵǵΪټԿռ츳ǿԼռǿҪá
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ʱͷ̫ʢˡ
̲𰵺ڳעŹֱ֣ڲѽˡ


537 ȼ
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򰵺ڳʿǰһ𹭼ְͷȫ׼˳졣

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Ӫؿ϶ѾĻ̻̣ħͺڰûʲôҳ϶ȿԣʱҪǰڳ׳нͼ巴ѣ֪ͨϢʱ򣬹˶ԷģϣͶͲ֮ѡսˡ
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ڳǾӵĹģӴߴûʤ㡣
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ۿŶԷʶȻںħϣúħʱоһĸоΪرǿ󣬵ߵôһ̫ѵ顣
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ħͳ޴ħ˫Ȼһƶ𣬳춼ûüκηӦ֮ǰΧϺɫҷ׷׿ӿγɰ˾ֻʮ׳黨״ֱӰѳûˡ
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ȼȴע⵽̣ϾصΪǰ裬˿΢΢¶֮ɫ˲ƶռ츳
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γûжûˣ˫۸߸չһӵƣȻֱͷֲľԡ

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͵һ֣Ԫֱ֮ס˫΢΢һϥɲǣʯҺ򶼱ѣѷɽľ
ħԪּ֮˲ͻһ彣âֲ֮·Ҫ񷶥һߵڽâһ˲䣬ȫӿȥ׳һµƣкɽӣٵصĸо
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޴ɫâڶħϣ˲ͰѶħȫɢһɿֲкڰħͳϣֱӰҺǧ׵Ķ԰ȥҺҲһĹ֣ά˳ʮӡ
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Ȼûɱ֣ǰħͳʱ䲻ָܻζħŵðգȼԸԸ⣬춼Ѿȥˡ
ӰҲһŻعȻ֪Ҳû뵽ǿ˳̶ȣȼܸû˵˰ɡ
ߣ˵㻰˰ħͳ죬Ȼʸμӡȼоʵƺˣһʵ̫ˣǰȻðڳһ͸ΪڳףǴΪ˽Ҿ
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ڴ֮ڣ׼μӶħŵ߱ۼһ𣬳ȼӰ죬һĺڰ飬Լһǳٶ۵ħ
ȼʼǰѵ˶޷μðգڶħлᴦƣҪСжǸ˵Ļǹϵǰڳǣ
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࣬Զħһ֪ЩȥܿǶ١ܲμӶħһңϣҪ˷ôһλᡣ
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γȷʵǰ׼һϸ˵ҲûħҲȷʵģҳһûдŮϰҲôùԾͲħŮ˼ƽʲôˡ
ǧھǧħ̳ǰħϿȡȼ֮ȫհڳǣ߽䱸״̬ⷢκ⣬֪ǻλáͻһʱѳӱչг

ȼŵȻʵһǳʵһ漣ǵĲ񲿳˿еƣڳûмȼ֮£ڳҲǾ

ǧھ鲿ӣǧħӣܹһ򰵺ڳǾħȼӰԴ죬̤ǰħŵ;
ڹзȼϣħŲֹһжħţʱħǹرյģֻĳ͹ɵĹͬвŻῪ
ħڼзֲԶزأħڷտռ䱾̫źܶĵرвҩĴڡ
쿴һۼ¼
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ΰڳǲμһоȡʮԶűھҩ֮࣡
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ʲôԭ
ħż뱦ǻȺŵģ˾ͳΪ
ݺݲһѿˮǺõطͨħʲôԶħ²⡣
ħŸòǡ
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ԶԶһ޴ޱȵ֣ʮĿռ䶼УվڰҲܿӦþνĶħ˰ɣϸ۲췢֣ȻȻγɵģԵΪΧƻɽʩԴͨɵġ
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˵ħħҲڸ߽׶ħǷǳİԪضħ۽ΪѪΪѪҺͳǿĶƻԡ
ħǵĸ嵤Ӱ˵ħ⸽ǿ֮һʵ۱ȰڳǻǿһЩ嵤ʵҲɲ⣬ҹƱȼҪߡ
ڳĥĥ䡣˵ǶһħӰΧʵһֱǱ仯ģûа취ĿԶһصӰӸ棬ڳûĪƻûкתô
ӰǵĸӰħޣ
ӰħҲһ߽׶ħ壬ӵб仯ĪǿŷɥĴ̿͡
Ŀɨȥʱ֣ħӰħĶħ֮⣬ﻹкڰˡڰڵĺڰ壬νǰ˵嶼
ȼӰħ̽ԵʻǳƽһЦлλϵ޴󰭣ֻ軹農գҲûܲμζħš˵ħǡӰǵĳˣƺҲûħϿȣΪأ
ħ嵤ַһЦЦ·Ҫɽȣ۽ˮһڳǵĳμӵ£ǳ˲μռ˱ˣǼƿĶ֦ͬһԲռǰڳǵıˣ
Ӱħħ嵤ıԵõ͵Ȼȴܴÿ˶ǳҪԾԼãһðնˡ
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ħż꿪һΣͬʱǵڲ߻ʲôأûеȼףһڰ˺ȻȵĿŰڳǶĳ죬緢´½⡭ⲻǴ˵ڵرôǰڳʲôʱ඼ˣ
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Ҫ˷ʱˣһڰվ忴ƻƱǣͨҪߺܶ࣬Ǵ½κһ飬пеĺڰȺɣħŽѾ͵㣬Ǵ򿪵
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췢ֶħƺһƬȫµ磬»ûнУҲܸоӿ
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ȷʵһǳѵõķջʹҩҲʲôֵ顣Ѿ򿪣ôǲǸýȥأ
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СͻȻоʲôſڼ˯վųм
˵ʲôСͨСоʲôһȻἰʱ죬ɱ
ħһƵĳЦһҪҪ
ȼ΢΢һ㶣ʲô£
ħѿڳǵҲûмֵˡħǰһ̻ǺˬЦӣһȴյɱǿˣ
ȼոʶͻȻͻһ
һѺɫϢӱ̽ţǳ׼Ĺᴩഩ͸


540 
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ħսȷʵǿǿʶȴṩԤΣǰ֪ڡȼͳɵһֱеطЩˣȴû뵽ں޾֮͵Ϯס
һйؼҪô򵥣
ͷųȼԪʧأûа취κֻԼʧ
ޣ㣬㡭
ȼܵһɲǾ֪˭ҵġ
ֳǿУԻΪߣܾ߱˴ɱֻӰǵĸӰħ
ʱ˿̣һԵվȼһĵĻɫֱеһ̵øһ㣬ɢǿҵϢ
ղŲǺ֪ǵĳȥ䲻һ˿Уھ͸ɣǼʱ򣬰ڳѾ⵽ΧǼǵĳ֣ˣˡ
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ӰħޱͲȼο͵Ϯ֮£̺һ̽ȼҪλҲΪʲô׷ȼ
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֮ʱպóھǰֱŵٶȻӳһϾԴն

Ӱŭһȴ䲻ޡ
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ޡھˡ죬Ƕǿߣô׷һѵʧ⼸ǲܵģ
ħվҪ̽ģܽ˻©֮㣬ֶֺΪأΪ׵ǿ߷׷ӿħţפڶħϿȣֻҪһ־̷Χ


541 ɫ
һԪ̲סְǻܸۡɵĴСһ䡣ûС׼ԪҪʱһһηӹؼãôأ
ԪҩЧٶȷǳ죬һ߻ָԪһ߿뿪ԿռЯȼӰݳٹԶЩһʵǾ߱ռʱ׷ġ
һԪʱȫˡ
Ӱһ־һΡ
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ȼһ£رǿˣø춷죬ôҪôлأ
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һǴϸˣ˭Ҫˣ
ħħôˣǶħЩأ
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ȼԼʮҲʮΣħѾȥĻᶼûУ˵չԮˡ
ѵŰڳݣӰĿڳϣ࣬вƷܲһ취
췭һۣ񰡡
ڳǺûд󣬳챾ٸҲ˲ȥȳ
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ӰɫԽԽѿ
ǲ֮ˣԱ̸ڳǽΧοڳƷǳأβܴһ3Ʒҩʹܽһʱ֮ΣҲûа취ڳ
첻ǲæվĵ̰
ܰѴƾԾĹ׺棬ί˹³һҲǲܣ˹λ۷ǿ֮£ⰵڳ֮ΣҲʲô¡
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ֳǳԻѡǣצԴָһӰСѾ֪ⲻһֻͨĳļֳǳԾӡһֻСûκεСɿɰëǿԵС
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δ̾һǿʶȻ籩㣬ͷų
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ǳ㵷֣ⶫʶ˿ʶȴǳżģڼʮŽɫϣÿһŹӱʶ֮󣬾ȻȫʼҲ͵شڵϡ
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˰˼֮ʱɫһɫֱڵڵعʵ֮ϣŵ鷢ˣһſŹʵ׷ǿҵâб仯̬պȻɼʮεĹ
ƻƽ죬Ϣǿᣬ߱ӽʵʮƽ˱ٻ̾ͳ˲ȻѾˡ
ѹҩޡ
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ʮӽʿĹһ𹥻⻹治һܹġӰ֧ǿĺڼһֻᴩûüˣɫɹͷųֶϣܵת˲
ʮ鼶ĹѾѶԸˣƫƫ߱ȼ˵ҩòˣ߰ɣ
ħȴǶߵġ
֮֮ûϣȡóɹϵķʹԼΣ֮أ
ٺһЦòҲҪߣҵ˵˵˲һ׶ʮ̱ͷ˳


542 ԶŶħ
һҩ˵ͷǳԸ
ʮʮʿսɳʯʵǿȴǿͣг־ٿأ˻޷죬˫ǼѱɱĴڣսһʱֲʤ
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ûйûûǻۡ
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ǳ̿ʮͱͻƷˡ
ö
ɼĽɫѾСľϲˡ
¶һſŶǴҩôܻûɽ˵ǿĹأֱҩܴǿ壬ǿ̵ĺöһҪŪֲɵġ
Ȼɫɹ֪ãǰɼ׿ԽҩܲȥĿǰֵ˹ƺܿ޸Ľܸṩֹս˵һֳǿָ͵ҩ
ȼӰһαչ¶ֶ𾪡
һٻôʵǿսܣҪЩսܶ߱˼Ľղ֮סɫٻĻƽôá
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㹻ӯγͭǽڰķͬʱ߱ǿʶΪҩȫṩһıҪϢѶȿɾԲС
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˵˳׳ƿ˲ٻͷħޣЩС漣ڼ侫ռ3ħ꣬ʱ˿̾СٻȫͷȼյһΧͬʱܻ档
3ħͲ١
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ջɫȴ˵Σɫɫָ֮£ϢһƬҶ˲ٶȴ׼ŭɫ־ͷųһǿޱȵʶиһǿ֮ͷ̼Ƥⱬ飬ܵ˷ǳصĴˡ
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Ӱħϸķ֣˵ɲǣڵ˫ͻȻɽɫһ쳣ǿʶӳ
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ʮһ³׵ǣȫʧȥֱ֪ͦͦĵڵϣ˲һâУؽӲӵĹӡ
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ĳֶΰʶ;ӡסˣ޷ͷʶȻûа취ʩչЩƽʿֱӴԭΡȼܿһЩŵȴ֪ôģɲ⣡
Сּۿ죬ΪԭΣŴһʮӶؽڿռھɫָʶҲûа취ٻˡ
ֶβɵֲɿͬʱЦûЩʲôв
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ɢ۵ĹâŵһĻ֣ɫʯ״忪ʼڻνһŵܡ
ɫֻɹɫƱѪܣɫ壬ɫҶǳΪƬɫɹǶԴ룬Ȼһ˶顣
ڶ̶̲һʱ䣬һϰ׸ߵĿֲˡ
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ûκιżйأʱⳤܣѲѧĳҲûмıͲһһͷδŵԶŶħ
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ȼֹͣﲻܶԿģߣ
Ӱ̽伸ɫָˡ
ﲻ߱龳ʿ޷ƥеƻͬʱ߱龳ʿԴƵķּǿ͹һԶŶħܶԿģ
Сһۡ
С׳뷨һԾԶŶħͷһԶŶħƵʱ֡Сһ̶ȿṩһš
ԶŶħŭСһʲƹСǳʩչѣѤâջһƬεվڰ֮ⶼĿ
ˣ
ԶŶħæŶԸСʱһ˲ƾͳ嵽ǰ˫ͬʱָһԱལ꣡ڵ֮ལѾһལʵǽʮϵལָһԱ
ལ޴
ԶŶħǵ̫ǿ첻ֱӶԱйѹڼޱȵĽɫϡȼ˸ûпʲô飬ֻСԶŶħɲǣһ˲ԶŶħǰžһľ޴޴ɫ־ҼĲֳһƬѺۺĺۼ
ԶŶħʶ°עŻ
һԪȼܻ棬һǰײȥ۳һѺɫħеڤԪһȫħԪͷųǿƻ֮
ħʮâƺҪʡ
ԶŶħɫʼڶۣһΪ˲ǿײ״ƷӭҪŹâĶۡ
ֲը
ǿҹϯΧһУ


543 ڤ
һҵ֮ǿȼоЩԲοڱըĳ죿
ļ治֪ǸЦ֪ߵغļһﵱԼǲ֮𣿡
Դ޴϶Ѿˣ
ǿȺը͵ĻʿԳܣοһʿȷʵһЩͣҪڳǿıϣ򹦷ڼڰԪù⣬־ȡǿɱʶл߰صĻʿ
Ĺô߼ôһʿվǷǳ޵ģļû˵֮ҲȴȥչԿⲻʲôأ
Ӱ㶵˵ôˣ
ˣļӰ˵ˣߣ
Ӱƺųô
ȷʵԴ˵԰˵㣬Ӧòǰ׳հ
ļе㻹ڸʲôħĿǰ״̬ûа취Կ˽͸õˣ
٣ħŮˣô˵Ҳһôϣô
һʮϤڶȼʱʯ˵תȥʱ޵촽ջ۾Բֱ˹һ
ֱͦͦڱԶطͷţﵽ⣬Ȼδ·ûһ㡣
Ĳ廤ȫ˺ڼ֮£óҵбסСҲܺδ·塣
ֱǸ˵һ
ʱ߳һӰ
ȼĿɿڴķ֣˸쳤һģһֻѾǧٿˣԴ鿪һ㣬һֱֻȱʧ嵽мʮҵ˿κﶼܻģ족ȴɫƺ˿Ϊ⣬ͲԼһ
ϸ۲ͻᷢ֡
족ȷʵЩͬѰĵطÿһ˿ﶼûκѪ⣬ǻ棬ɫĻ棬Ͳ
Ѿõˡ
족ְһɫɹݽŻëﶼ棬һ߽챾𳹵׵ںˡ
ʲô
ô
ȷʵһЩ򹦷๦Ѷȷǳ󣬶Ҷż̵Ҫ󡣾֮£ַʩչķǿǾԱȲϱģڳȴǡǡ෴
㲻ȴҲ̫ܴԶŶħķϢȳ컹ҪǿĹؼʱ̱صȻӲİԶŶħ۾ˣ
ȫ߼ȼ˼⡣
ʵ벻û˲Ųأ
û⻯֮ûѾȥʲôܣһдǷǳյ
һսǡڤ׻𽣾׹븨ڤܹʩչʩչڤնڤնԭͨڤ𼤷ȥûӣӶ뱾һģһĹ
ΪߣõĻԽԽ࣬ལԴĽټڤ۶ԭĹϵڤ׻𽣾͸Ϊߣǳǳɱ֮־ڤֱ˱֮䷢ĳֲΪ֪֮󣬳͸ڤڶΪһˡ
ڤһֱ̬ڡ
˳챾˶ѡ
ΪԻΪ飬ȻɲݶκθţټӳʶʥĵزóܽԼ־ڤʶԴΪڤ
һķ
ڤһǿĴ֡
֮ԼٽųҪΪսҪõڤ𣬶һڤ뿪֮󣬳ûа취ʹڤڤ׻𽣾ˡ
ڳѾ̭ý
ˣڤӸôӶԴƷķȱ뱾ڲͬĵطڣڤֻܸ赥һĽԪͨûбһ߱ĸֱ¡
۵ֱ֮Ӱڤ˳ȥԼЯŽʣԪһ˲ƶȼӰڿʱ򣬳Ǻδġ
ֱӿƷ
ͬʱΪںڤĹϵ˷ҲԾ߱Ҷʶ޷ݻݳʧʱڤͻʵ޸ġ
ԶŶħͬɫˮɵ˶ʧȥ˶ܵĻеֿٰ̳Ǵ죬һ̶֮ȴѾû˿ƣֻǴ֮ѡ
ԶŶħɫ
ɫɹ߱ô䱾;߱ǿ²ɫѷɫʤ֮ɫ൱ħ࣬ʧȥ࣬ݼǿ׳վûõġ
СᶯĶħͷŶħӴһӶħˮ״棬ӿɫԴԴϱɽڡСɵĶˣħ˶յ׵ıԼٶڻ
СԶŶħͳͳյһıã³һɫϢԲСԭʱħѾСһ룬ಿ޹ѵʯͷһձɷĩɢ˿
ȼӰˡ
໹궼ǳ׵׵Ĺ׻жصûó
ְɫװ«ŷһԪʼ˹صͳͳ
ںѪϵǲᱻ׸ɵġ
ǿһԳݻ岢ѪκѰֶζ޷˺ܵԶŶħʮصģڸոչȥʱѣ̾ȻѾָĲˡ
ƵĿܶǲ
ѵйϵĶ޷Գ
Ҫɹܵһѽһ˵ǹؼʱûӳһþˣȴרұ˵ңЩûǵķݣΪҸ˵Ͷɹ
ô
ûǩҪսƷֳȥԼȼӰڶԸԶŶħĹУȷʵһöûзӳʲôʸɷһأ
Ȼô˵ҾͷˡȼٺһЦ˵ﶯ̫ǰһ׷òҪʱ䶺һطߣ
ʵԳ켸ĿǰʵֻҪûΧôδػЩˣûбҪ˷ϣ컹Ҫ̽Ѱأ̴뿪ˡ
ϡ
뿪ûвʧԻΪ׵ʮǿߣȫ˴ԶŶħĵط
ۼʡõһڱǰᣬҵսۼ˵﷢սǳգƺȫʡˣûгκ
ڰ˷ѽʣôģ
ߣġڳڤ֮³Թĺڰߺ޵˵ζ뿪ﲻСʱӦûӳԶŶԡ
ԥ˵׷һǻ뿪


544 ħ
ħڵĿռ޴󣬱ḻǧٱǵҩ䣬ǿ߸ಫ֮⣬鲼ϵżÿһżԶĹ屦˿ĵر
ż̽УпھԶʱƵǸֹϵĹⶼֱӸıʵǿսĶ˭ܲۺأ
Ϊ׷ƨҧ÷ǳ
쾭żȴûлȥֻ̽ܲϱ仯λùʲ󵼻׷ȷȫ֮ٽ̽պѰ֮èèİϷ
˭ûпռ츳أ
Ԫʣһƿ㹻ǺúˣС׿Խ̽ѹѰұأһ·ջʵС

쳹ʣ
һͷȼŻ֮±ɵˡ
ͷħڵķֵģԶŶħ֮⣬Ϊҵһսսǧװ뾶ӿݵĴÿһ涼ңȫǻ񹥻ʱģħĹ֮ǿͿ֪ˡ
ߴ۷ս
ǿܹκʣ
ħȻ֮ڻ֮չɱճɹذʵǿĹɵˡ֮ȴûֱȥһžӨ͸Ĵѡ
˵Ѫͳһÿһαɱͻ״ֻ㹻ʱͻ¸һָȫսֱֹɱģ
а취ӡס𣿡
ⲢףޣƾǾ߱һѪҲԵֿ󲿷ַӡʵԶԶ
ﵽ۷塣
˵ҪԽ龳ĳǿпܷӡ
ûа취ӡʱ̶ḴôһʵǿĿֲڣǸ밡
Ӱü˵Ȼô鷳罫ѻƣû
׳գҲƷ֮˻ֵʲôǮû˵Բܴƣ취ɣ
ǻ˺ޣѪȡ񼶲ϵģ񵵴ξ׺ܶ࣬ǻΪԭʼ֮ʱڷӡŷ֮ѪøϹϹƴͻͽˣ
ѵƾͱĩãѵƵĻǰһŶʱըߣʱ̶пܸһħҸոնʶˣ˭Ҳϣٴһ
СԳһָָָָԼԸ
а취ãǾ԰ɣ
Сߵɫǰצڵǻһţų춼ûмϹŵĳġǿʩӻĵϣҲûκЧģСոհĻãͳȼռ󣬿֧Ų˼ӡ
㹻ˣ
СԵһͷųһǿ쾧ڲ֮һĺɫӰקӵһ˫֣ȻǸո˴սĻħ
СΣͳһľżͷմһˮ̶֮һһ
걻ȴһԵ𽺣ȻرΣǲδѡС¶飬ƺЩֲסˡ
ɵ֮ʱ
ˣվʻǿ꣬Ҫϳ̸ףСû飬Ѷȱдöࡣ
СʲôԪʱͷų˫ɴ֮ɫһɫһ¡
ո
ѻ걻նˡ
С¶ϲɫ̰ʩӼģľżӡǿӰһжǳʣǸʲô
ѻħ룬ӡǸֵľżȼûмôŹֵ飬ۻжǿû޸ܡ
öһûмȴѾȫˡ
ζž۵Ըĳ̶ȣûһȥͿôȻǺġ
ͷɵò
СľżԴӳΪ漣֮СҲӵһͽٲȱʹˡСͨ궼װƿһʹõƷرŻӡľżԷʹá
շħ֮꣬Сʱ
׷ڿˣ
Со֮㱨ڳһƣأܣʲôܣֱӴѾģ
һǿٻбҪټɵЩں֮
ûΪҪֱӣսѡҪõĶô϶°빦
ѻ֮װԶһֻۣƽԭһƬȺַģطԼģλҲħŵĺġ
ʲôط
ħߡȼش⣺˵һͨطȴиδŵĶħ̽Ľ
꿴ȣ
СͳۿʼԶ죬Ը߿칬ַ򣬴ӱĻżûκοɶڻضǲԫϱڵķ棬ܿһֵĴӡ
ûж
ܰɣ
ûǰ˵أҲо˸Ǹɷǹֶħۼĵûƽ˾
ôأ
ϸ鼸Ȼˣ
Щ⣬ʲô
յָ֮󣬶ܲżӽм飬ܿ涼䵽ҰһȻһīɫľ޴ʯ
Щǡ
ʱеˣֶԺ˵ã췶ΧҿЩʲô
СżչȻϣΪ̫Σգûʲô˸̽żźܶö
Ƭżһ
ʮĵ¾ʴҲûʲôۼСԵչʱǳȺ;ϲ֣Щܵ۾֮Ƕɵġ
ۣ֮
ٿۣ֮
ǺεȲƸ
ѾһռأֻʵֿɾͲûпռ侧ʯãϡȱԴȻۣ֮˭ֵطϰٿۣ֮൱ϰԳ˵ֵʤһƷ䡣
濴
СոհʶŲʱͻȻһϣȻζȥˡ
ʶεĶô
νˣЩ֮һҪõ֣
֪ô漣أֻҪõ֮۽ôصرص׻ӵ鰡
ǾڱҧúָܽҲˡ첻˼˵ҿͲطѾܣΪսݺݸһܣ
ã
Ӱ͵仰
ȼó쾡ܷǳ֮Ըʮʮ֣»Ǻȡȫʤģֻǳһ·̫಻˼漣ȼԼĹ۵ûʲôţô׷ȥǰ취ô͹ҿƻʲôɣ


545 
ޣʮ֣Ϣڻԭһ·׷ѰϢǰǴ׵ħߡ⼸һŲ·ӽħ
ħǶôյĵط
ȼӽħĻûмеıҪˡ
ħڴ˵һԶʱħֵĴߣħﶼڴˣʶǳǿԹ˭ּ֪˻֮£ʲô˼Ĵڡ
ħвֹһ̽ħߣȴûܻųȼͷܴСͣȴûΪ֮ðա
ħǸ֪ħߵΣա
ȼΪڳǸ֪ܲħζʲô
ȼûðս룬ֻǲħ߸ǻ˻ӦûһλᣬֻǽһλᣬܲܳɹͿˡ
Ǹ̫ƻ
ÿһζھͿ׷һܼʱʧ
ûðɣᶨҪɵľѡ
ħŵռǳ󣬹⿿ôץһռ츳̸ףûйϵºҲҪ
˭֪ռԪļޣ
һӴĲСοǴ˵֮£´Ͳ˼ξͻԪݽ߰ɣ
˭֪ûκӰ죬ÿζܳɹ׷ɱϾ;һ·Ѱ̽ίʵ޷ͽܣ
һΣ
϶׷ħߣݳȼжǴŷ˵ж켣ǰִص׼Ȼ׷ɱɣǾͶȫϢȴϹ
ע⣬ˣ
޸еǳܵǣһεıƺ൱ɹģΪԶԶָƶӰǱˣǰڳǸȼаڳĶӰ
Ǹȥˣ
ô࣬˵
ЩǸǿߣΪ׷˷ôʱ䣬ѾǱһӻˣںò״סŹǸ޹ؽҪģ˶ڣֺαһأ
ٵǿ㡣
޾һӰ뻷ȫںϣѾʼۼֻҪ뷶Χ֮ڣ˲ɾɱȼȻûио˳ԽԽԽԽˡ
ڴʱ
ȵȣȼȻͣסǰԱߵӰ˵ﲻ̫ͷˣ
Ӱ˵ȼȥ
ȼڵˣ̱һԵضɽҡŭ𣺡ӣ׷
ʮݷƴ
ȻȼڽȦǰһ˲Ѿܲˡ
ħͺھٶȶֻǲִܱٶȻǲģȼæڿշ˲ûüʮӰӡ
Ӱ֮裡
ÿһӰʵ죬ͬӡ
һĹȥӰ飬ӰҲڸֵĹ֮ʧʱŵѾĸӰħǿӰθ׷Ҫˡ
Ӱħһ𹥻޷һôȼӰٶȣôڶǿһΧ˶κĿܡ
ĿѾˣ
Ѿյ˳ƶ
ȼ쵽ϢԽԽǿ޵ĹƾҪˣֱоɫЩŽ࣬㻹Ҫô
㼱ʲôⲻôһռƶǰ˫һţߣ
ģʱŭҪռˣֹ
Ѿ嵽ǰһ޹ĳնͼڳĿռǰһ롣
վһ㡣
ڵɨ˲˲ƣһȫաˣˣ
ȶħֱ̣ǻûüŭͻȻ͸оشһ𶯣ɽ緢㣬ԶԶضż𱬷ʮ޴ɫ
ʲôˣ
㶵ĿɫһʱûӦڼӵĹͷ԰ټǧƵɫ㣬ȥʱ֣ᷢһſɫ֮µʯ
мˣɫ亰ߣ
ڷȻѾ̫ˣǧ׶ڹ£īɫǾ񵼵㲻׹ֺһʯ׽ƽˮ棬ñƽȴضʱŭΰĲ
ÿһŻǲɾ޴ЩǻеطٻһͷµĻħ԰ټƻħڸðÿһͷ߱൱׵ʵȫЩȥ
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δȻУʮر޴ʯȻ׹أһ涼վһˣЩʮɸߣһ׿װʯӷ϶治ӿ档
ħ
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ڴӷֵīɫ޴ʯʵǳ˯״̬еĵ
γƻʵǳ򵥣׷Ѿ׷һСʱˣüβ׷϶˳ѣʱ˿һѻɴȼնȰָλá
СѵԿռ룬ôЩһ͵ʱˡ
һ׹䵽Ĺݣ͸ݴ֮֡
ʮ𱻻ѣЩǿö࣬ÿһ߱صսʮٻɰǧĻħһǳҵĴս
ˣ
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ɨħһȭ·ĵȥȻΪǳˣǵҲǲ򵥵Ľɫܵͻ˼
ǰʯ鿪֣ȴûб˵
𱬷һŭ־ȼյľȭԺһȭȻϲȵǵⶼԨ̻ɴƻ˾ǻҲоܳ
ڰĸ⵽ΧʵԸһǺοȺŹƴɵһԨ̻ȴͻΧĹؼʱʧܣڰȻȫԨ̻𸲸ǣһҽб
ͬһʱ䡣
ڰҲ⵽Χ
ħϱԨ̻˲ͰˣһŻϵڤδȬֱΧֻ޶
ȥ
ȥ
ŵһͷҲɵһֻ˴֮£ڰѲһĵħͻħɵǳѵɱ˳ֻѾ˰˸ÿһ˶ǳǱ
Ǿζû뵽
᲼ǡ
ʮֲأԲܼˡ
޾׷ɱȼʱͻȻ˾ڱؾ֮·ϣ˫ֻǰЦе˵̫ˣѾܾˣ
࣡
Ϊƾôɱǣ
ڶħհһһԳ֮ǣ޲úѪʳ⣬ж˿飬ң


546 ֮
һʵô
սԶԶڳˣ
˭˭һأ
ôΪ˫ΪıҲȷʵˣɱѾȼࡣΪһĽ֣αһ򵥵ƵһۣǵԸǶɷǳʧ޴裡
ħ֮
ͷųһ
ؼ˷ɢȲĵط׷׹ҽӿȻһɲǾͰѷԲǧױɽѵսش
һʵǿħѵսġ
ħŵֻɽҪĻ練ƣ֮£սȻȵ
Ӱӻ
μ£ÿζһξͶһӰӣÿӰӶΪ޵ķһģһ󡭡Žķ
ڤڤɵαѣ
ʵʵڴѳȥ־߶ͳһһģһֻ΢ôһѡȻӰħѪͳеûа취ѧϰġ
Ӱѱ䣡
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ǿҲ׷׸ͨȻħʮǱǻɥʧսʱ˿һ־ǱҪѳ켸һ򾡵ͷ
ҷ϶ڻعעжԳ˵࣬۳ʲôɣŰڳǲδġҸһᣬڳΪħʹӣħǲ׷һУȥ
ЦǱǸҶòرأЩúʺļһҿʡʡɣ
ҵģ˵ϣɱ
޺ӰħǿƴʮӰӷһ췢档
С겻֪ͨһ³һľżմһǿҵһŻոֳһĻ΢΢һ£ΪܹĸоƬ֮棬ǿ
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УȼһţֲϢ˶оһϢѹȸС
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ħСָ֮£ǱֱǶȥȻһɽĹ棬˲ڸĵطȻ̼ɨ޵Ӱӷͳͳ߽⣬ħǿ߱ȥ̾ͱճ˽̿Ԫá
⡭ʲô
ζ벻˶ûг֣һֻ۵СҲܹٿĳǿޣȻһε͹
޶㿪ħ񹥻ʱ̿ʼؽгˡ
޴ˣ⻹ûءȼһĿ˵ѵҪ𣿡
˵Уһǿ޵ϣ
ȼĻ֮ҲǶõġ
ûᣡ
Ӱץסֱһȥ
ǡ޵ͷŹᴩؿڣЩ翵Ӱʱ˿̱øģڼߵļˣôܡ
ȼҲãӰҲգħǰͶѾˡ
ȼֵĽޱκ˶жôأȼܻѾһ漣ˣ˵Ļָԭ״
벻ˡ
ҲԶˡ
֮󣬻ħ񸩳巴һŻ潫ûУͨħҲ½½ɵˡ
ˡ
ȫˣ
һƴڻϣΪܽԷԷ°ԼĲˣ޴ҲͿ֪ˡ
Ϊʲôħû
ΪΪħĹϵԻԹߣҲΪΨһһܹƻħĶħ
νֱӶԻ˵ҪǱ֤ħǱҵūӣҾͿ㲻
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ħ״忪ʼȫڻֻڻҺ壬ȫ͸ѵķ϶УȻֱػΪһ壬ֻҪһڣɱġ
ɽػΪһ壬ҪôɱңӴħûõģֻһħʵ
𣿡һЦųһĻֻҵǻҲǿԱյġ
Աϡ
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ռǳ󣬼̳ǡǡλãԼʮɣֱɣΣ̳沼пյģǳż棬ΪĽѨء
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549 Ԩ֮
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ô⣬ħʵͨǶħϼҵġ˵˶٣Ԩһ磬ǱԨڵһλ棬ʵλԨʤλûִλǼ


550 ص漣
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УӪؾ밵ڳ̫ҪǻصӪزܲע⣬Ͷ
˵еΪ֮ΨĴ㡣ȼŵռ󳡸ȲȼȥѰҸవڳǵľɲֱӴյĿռѷصǿռúüʱԿɿռ侧ʯճɹĴһ
ڿռ󳡵λá
֮ɫڰѴɣһɹ£治֪漣Ǳʲôˣȳȥȼһк˵ҪصرȱذڳǣҲȼûиô£ֱӿ漣ǡ
âһ
漣ǵĴ͵㣬ʶȻĿǵصȻǳζĿܱȵġ
йԱûʲôΧãֻҪ̰ϢǷҪͳθ
컷һ
漣Ǵ¶ģΧȻһĴ漣ô̵ʱȻרΪ޽һ͵ãЧ֮ҲͿ֪ˡ
նûлԳǳĵģֻҪֳϢ̵һʱ㱨
ǳ߼ԡ
ĳȨޱߣ㲢ûֱӰϢ㱨裬Ҫѯͬſԡ
ߴС㣬ȥ
ˣ
ʧˡ
쵣ĵûз漣ڰʱƺǳ̫ƽ߳͵õʱǰĻĿɿڴ
漣һ²ʱ﷢ı仯Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ִͽεض˿Իӣóеǽͨߵı仯漣̻Ľͨ߾ǿͧʱ˿漣ϿվƯͧ
Щͧǰ״࣬ṹϽ˺ܴĸĽرǿͧ°벿ֳִеṹװһ豸ɫǿƶñжȽϳٶۻĿͧþ൱ĻԺٶȡ
ͧı仯֮⣬漣ǳ˺ܶǰûмĽͨߡ
죬죡
ԶԶؾϤĽкӨӨһֵķɳʻҽͨӿڵܣһ۵ϰڿƯԪ󣬻ɢŵɫ豸ҵ߱пзе
ӨӨŷеһɰĻĿβڿƮ裬һǳƯתƮݣͣ˳ǰĨһѶͷӳֲһﻹ֪ѽ˵ܵصȥˣʲôÿģȻôöǵøһɣ
һתƻ˵ӨӨʲôͦ˼
ߣǵȻеĿǰõĽͨߣʵֻм޷ӨӨǳԺ˵㲻ҪСôһһзģԪ󵽽ṹͼֽ󽻸³ǻеͶ˲СѪأҪľǷˣ漣̻оĵһ棬¿ͧ
Ԫ漣̻ܶƷơ
ԪĶ棬ӶΪеṩǿĶܣһרԪȼϾˣԪϵʱҲԪǷǳöȶġ
һͷڸˡӨӨַķеϣҴȥ
ӨӨĵһˡ
ոȥӨӨͷһȥּٶͨ޷ܵģΪʿ˵ʲô漣̻ʵҼ⣬漣̻Խٵ״̬
ֶ治õͧͨ乤֮ϣõһЩ豸ṩܣΪܹõ֮ϡ
ӨӨ˵ھѾ̻ܶˡ
һҽСɭ־ϵͳ̻ᡱ̻ں̻ܳĿǰٶ׵Աȫѧϰзľԣڿʼϵͳء
̻漣ֻϵͳз˷豸ϵͳƵϵͳһǳõĳִԣܹԪָ
㿴Ĳݽ𣿡ӨӨָŷеһŰťʾеĲϵͳ̻зģ漣̻ǧԪʯ۸ˣֻǵƷ֮һ
찵զࣺô
ǵȻ漣̻᱾⣬רҵľҾ̻ˣڸ豸ԽԽ࣬Ҫ΢ϵͳģ漣̻æо徫Ӣ˲ŴҵҲΪʡ˲ӨӨЦЦ˵̻һɶޱޱڶɶǱС㣬ӾдԪʯɭصֲ̻֮һ
һֱΪǸظ塣
û뵽鴴󣬴зϵͳ쾫ֻƺЩµ׷󾫵Ըص㣬ǵĲƷв׾
гһ°
ĸвһ°
ڲѾ̻ʮС־ƷѾ漣̳ϼܣԼΧȣΪԴԴϵĲƲ


551 ޴仯
漣뾫Ĺϵڣ˺ԽԽС漣̻ȫ£ɺܶǰ붼ת䴴١
ʮһԳֵľûӣһ澫ҲȷʵûΥѵ̻Ὠ嶼ɭɵģ鲻Ҫڴ½ߣǲƷֱ漣̳ۻֱ漣Ǻ漣ǣ鲻Ҫ½̣Ͼıԭ
ھһƬãиж޵Ļᣡ
Դ޴󣬵ǡǡΪѡ̫ˣʱû취ȫˣֻѡһЩδǱǳȥӪ
˹ΪһհԶս۹䣬ͨڹ۲漣̻漣ǵƳһġصķչ
һľĿǰƵĽˡ
лڷչаҪλھвѾھڲռھļʮɭֳС³ǶѾʼչҵоǿʵϣڻɭ﷢չֱġ
صֱӲ
ָǲϵͳӲָ΢
ɭֲ˵漣ѧϰվԵı̼ɣھϵͳз̻Ѿ漣⣬Ҳǿ̻ᡣͶʽ΢оδҪ豸оƬҲǳ漣̻⣬Ψһһʼо
ĴѾʮԪʯˡ
˹Ұĺǳ춼û뵽ġ
⣬䴴ҵǳǣ̻һӰӻ̻ᣬֻ¼ƳɴڸۣӰƷͨ漣̻Ժ߲
ⲻͲƸþĻɢȥӰ塣óҲͨڷչԽԽãʢĲҶƷڸ֮Ѿܵ޴ӭڳΪϲʿݺƷζʶܵ޴׷
α仯֮󣬸ĸ֮ףÿ춼
ѿͷ
巢չ漣̻ܴ̻Ჿֻܼ飬ΪеĹϵͳз;зȫ漣̻߲ɣȷ漣̻档
ӨӨŷе漣תһȦ
ó쿴ʱ漣Ƿı仯
漣ѾγɱȽϹ淶ĳй滮ˣҵԼҵ־
ֵĳϵͳѾɡ
ÿһ漣ǵĳԼĺϷݣǵϢ漣ݿд浵ģߺ͸С
漣ǵĳǷϵҲѾʮƣĻǽķ漣ǳΧȺɽмƻٸ侮Զ̴ȽҲ½½ʵ
ѾɳٶףһŲľ漣ĵĻ԰ѣǵʹ漣ǵӸģҲܸ漣Ǵౣϡ
˹ʵվ֮µ漣ǼᶨѾ˹ڣļһҲðȻַ漣ˡ
漣ǾŹģҲڲ󣬶װռʼߣս׵зҲѾгĳЧ
漣ǻɭ˭޷ӵ
򵥲ιۺڳֱյĴС㣬辡æڳΪɳȴҲǲģö۷ΪҪΪ漣̫Դ徭һЩҩ츳ٲҲܰΪġ
Сǻɭصһλˡ
ǿ󽾰ľ鶼мӣλȨʵľҲҪ֣˵СΪ漣̻漣ʵʵ䣬ÿһ仰ÿһ߶пܶɭԨӰ졣
һλȻֵʱӣض򵥵İɫۣׯްǳ߹ָʣü޲Ϊ֮Ķ
´СҪ𱸣Ҳû뵽һȥôã˴˵С׼Ԫʵ̫ˣεص²湦СһĹֵͣҩѾԹˣ׼ټٿԱʱ֮裡
ùˣ֪֪Ԫɱжߣ
漣̻ȱԪʯʲôµģ
СһݺݵĵųʣͲ׼һЩ춼ȥ죿ϵ㼸ٴζϵϣ
԰ӨӨҲװͰ͵ʵұɾʱÿδֻͨˣ⵽ô£ǵøһɣ
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СΪʲôô˵
ӨӨ漣̵飬ѾһЩüĿˡ
鲻ǺѲüĿôСȻ˵СԳӨӨȻǳģڰæлȥ¼
ǻųĸߵءɽĻ֡
ǻ˭
ΪĻɶǵ³飬Ҳ漣̻йüιڵ֩Ůˡ
٤ô
˵֩ŮΪ׵ĳԵرһֱȤϣɭԽԽãлˮ㣬ǵĳȻǵ治
ԭˣǹҼھ顢֣ҲΪ޻롢çĸߵأҲЩϵ֮һ˲ỳɵǵͷϣǴһֺ̰
ԩצǣ
漣̻ľǵصǵĶ֣ҲǸǿ಻ԡ첻Լʲô飬´ɱ鲻ǸɵģЩһ漣Ҳǲᰲĵġ
ܲôࣺ˵ǳҪֻҪܹǾ͵ڿסԨ֮ţûδԨչ춨
ӨӨզࡣ
Ԩţ
̫˰ɣ
ӨӨųʱﵱȻѧ˲ٶģԨҲô˽⣬漣̻ڴ½Ҳ㲻ȻͰ̴ԨȥˣһﲽҲ̫˰ɣ
Դ˲ÿɷ񣬲ռ䣬ǱʾǳȤģϾһ磬кܶرɼԴܹҵռһϯ֮ض漣̻ĪսԼֵ
㣬ԸһӦ㹻ˡ
ûô򵥡ѰڳǵŽһ飬ȫǵܲϣ뾫˹³֡
ü룬˹Ŀǰ漣ǹϵǳãȡֵĻ˹Ӧǲܾġǣľھϵã˵ǳӣ˹һֻ᲻Ӱأ
Ҳǲôࡣ
漣ѧԺ漣Ǵ׼ٰ쿪ѧ񡣡찲ţǳӣҲᷢ뺯뾫μӣԽ˻


552 漣ѧԺ
漣ѧԺȫ漣ƼоѧԺ
漣̻ȫ漣ǴۺѧḻԴݡšͼݵȵȡ
漣ѧԺȿŶʮרҵҪֳܹ࣬һǴͳһ
ͳרҵУѧѧҩѧѧѧȵȡ
רҵУԪѧԪѧѧԪеѧѧȵȡ
Щֳַϸרҵ紫ͳĹѧ棬нޡޡħ޵ȵȡԪѧ棬иϵѧпռѧоѧȵȡ
ļѧԱǧ˶ѡ
뱨㳬ʮ
ǻɭָءġܡֵȵȵ漣̻Χ֮ѧ
Ϊ漣ѧԺǾлʱģΪ漣Ǻ漣̻ɭִ½רҵ˲ţʮ˱ǧѧԱʸǺεȼҵ᣿ÿһܱѡģȫٮٮߺ˶
漣ѧԺƻǰһѧԱѧԱѧԺƵѧϰѧʱ䲢ȡһרҵѧλҵõ漣ǰ䷢ıҵ֤ʽ漣̻ᣬȥطμӹ
ȥֻҪ漣ѧԺҵˣ޲ΪĶרҵ˲ţ
עһƽĴӣ漣ѧԺĿѧҪڽˣر¼ȡѧԱȫôӲͬ͵漣ǣдݴ͹ѧԱʮʮݳѡġ
ۣ漣𣿡
漣ˣ
ţ漣ǺôԶҪأ
һݴ͹ѧԱСѧˮƽԶѷܹǰ뾫顢飬漣̻ϼңԪƼѬձȽ磬漣Ǹرչˣжʮ˱ѧԺ¼ȡˡ
ѧԱһԿǳƽŮʱ˿˶ӯ޲øǽµأǲǱǵϳǵַ诽ܡ
˵ĳɳ̲ν־
ǱСС棬ƽĺӵܣȴƾųѧУݳǵõע⣬һȨǵѧϰֱ¼ȡΪоԱ
һǰ漣ѧԺѧԱļƻʱ诽̾ͱμˣȻʵƽƽƾʵԪƼ֪ʶȻǧһѡ˫˫ͻΧ
漣ǡ
漣̻ܲ
ֱܼǱųʥ̬漣ǵģ
ȻһʱоԱΪȼ̫͵ĹϵֻһЩȽϵײĿȻҲû̫Ļ漣ѧԺѧѷǳ߰һ궼ѧѡ
⡣
漣ѧԺԴͶʻǼͶ붼Скܶ༼漣̻˵ǾܵģѧԺѧѼ۸ʮְ󣬶ҼʹѧԺԺѧϰһЩر֪ʶʱýɸ߶Ķá
д󱳾ǿĻѡ
ԾѧԱ˵ûбû㹻ôôأ漣ⴴѧÿһѧԱ֧ѧѣѧԱѧԺڼμӸĿɹҲѧ֮漣̻
֮
漣ѧԺһɵѧȴҲһ̰ѧÿһˣ޲˻ᡣ
请ü飬קקһߵܵܣ쿴쿴Ǿ鰡
漣Ǹ嶼У÷ǳ档
ѧԺƷŮƵЦЦҲѧԺѧϰɭֵľ飬ҪѧϰеѧɭֵĽãѧԣרѧأ
ԴĹݳǵоַָ߹飬ԵЩ󲻺˼ѧϰԪѧ
һ龪ۣŵѽ
һҲɫ˵ſˣԪŷģҵǸþԱдһϵͳ
ַЩ˼Ȼŵˣˮƽȴ߰
ԺˣһŬɣ
ƶϣַ诽ܳʱѧԱ½½룬ʮҪԾ顢뾫顢Ϊ
һļѧԱԼһǸصľ飬ȫǾѡγľӢǽӵʱ¼ߣδȻܸı侫ˣ˾Դ˷ǳӣ˹ºͲԱˡ
᳤ܻ裡
诽һμż񣬶ʱѪߵ죬ǸųĽӡô
ѾԽԽ׳ˡ
诽ܾѧԺҲչ
Ѳһָ˳ݣһ־һ
漣ѧԺѧԱѾ룬ȫͳһѧԱƷվѧԺڣѧʽĿʼˡ
漣᳤̻ܻ漣̨ݽݽݳһЩ׻漣ѧԺУ棬Լ漣̻ѧԺ֧Ժ
쵣Ժ
³֪ȴ뾫ϿˣλѧʶԨ˵θԺ˹ԺԱʾԾ֧֡
ˣ漣ѧԺʽˣ
ѧϣҵ˹£׼˹µȥæʱ
һ벻ͻˡ
ˣϹ벻ץˣѾϹȫʧȥϵӨӨ𼱻ҳ죺ϹǺ󣬻ʹ漣ǣҪǵȥһ˵ҪɱϹ㣬ô찡
ɫ䣺ʲô£
ϹһֱԾĸߵغ븽ѸķѾͷö
ⱾһǳΣյĹ
漣ǸϹ׼㹻ľᣬҪȥץô϶þᶼûеġ
漣ѾȣϹǵĸ߲Ա漣źܸߵλץҲôԳ˵磬ȥһǣ㻹񡭡
ҡͷ
ڳǲż
ΪȰڳ˵ȰϹ̳Ҫڻɭֵɭַͥ⣬֮ǿҲͿ֪ˡϹ᲻޷֤
ϹƲ踱ɱǵ漣ɸ˺漣ǽΪУûκκô
˹߹
΢΢һǡ
Ҷ˽ǲô飬޷ץһʣñ㵽ȥ̸֮жѡ˹˵Ҹһǰɡ
ʲô˹µıЩȣҲҪȥǣɭǶĶְ
ֶǿԻġ˵սõĻ֮£αΪɭֵĵ̶ȥأϣ˻ᣬҿϲ̸һ̸Ҫٻ๴Ķǻˡ
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ǣɭԣĳУͿж฻


553 
ϹƵܴ͵㣬漣Ǵֱ롣
ǻɭһɽ룬Լʮľ룬̺ḻϡٶ֣гʮΨһˣǿ
ɭִ˵ж٣վǰǲŻ֪жôΰֺ룬ǽ򣬽ɫΪɫĽȺ䣬泯һƬˮˮ壬Ρ׳ɽ롣
ɭֳпռܴɢȱ滮ǰȴȻͬǹģѷɫ漣ǣ佨Ⱥ֮ܶߣ
һߴ׾ΡȫһοŷƵĺשģÿһﶼһͷЩ۷ʵ
ʮɫƶ뵲Ƶʱڷһ
֮󣬾ð裬˵Ʒִ˵ǿĽͱʯ۵ʯһǽҫ׵ĲƸ
ʯ̵أʯǽݼһλðĳС
һҪҳĽôɡ
ߴףǰСһҳһǻֺׯľ޴󹤳̣ɼʮ˵ϲһ㣬Ө羧Ͼͨģܼطϸʲôûп͸ֻÿһ涼иɫߣûʲôɿԣһȺϷ㣬ȴǿȻһкϡ
ˮĸۡ
Ӵ󹬵һ鶼㹻ͨһˡ
ͷıǲŸó춼Щˡ
ÿһϸ߶ȣ඼Ƕѻɺ챦ټøҪ鱦âһУһȻˮ̶ɵ˶ǰˣⲻͨıΪмʮ׸ߣͨһ¥á
ʮ׳һǳڱ֮ϣ΢΢һƶΧ鱦ɽ㣬һأˮ㲻ûΧ
˹£Ҳǵ㡣
һ˫ֳӣضž˹£ƺԾĲеǳ
˹һЦ֪ɭҪĺ飬ȷİȫû뵽ǣŭצҲڣǿ̫ˡ
ˮöӰǱ˷Ĵ̩̹ŭպյĻƽɱצ˾ܶСԼͣǿޱȵȴκ˶ûа취ӵġ
飬ٹ£צǰ߳һȻûʲôγѹȣ˲ͰѵüֵǲƱɽƵҲ뱣ӣ
ҲˮޱҫۣһƺƵ˷ɢΧͬʱ˺ܶಣ鿪ĳЩ޷ֿôǿߵѹƣֱӱ
챻γɵĺû
ʲô˵ûһеĿŭܱУ漣ǰѴɱ͵ĸߵظֲ˺սܵ޴ʧ漣Ͳ׼ʹ˵Щʲô𣿡
˵עִѽȻ治ɫӣ˫ָڱǰ˭֪漣̻ģҪǣֻйϵֻ׬Ǯͻƽɴʲô鷳ҿԵǸ鷳ǻȰҵȷˣ鶼е
ЦԳ˵ľ񣺡һ仰ˣƺ̫ˡ
Ȿһܼ򵥵⣬Ҷˣ֪Լʲôøʲô첻Ųæ޿֣ûϹҳҲ츳õ֮һΪƾвһ򺳶漣Ǿʹشˡ˺ƱȲڣԾͲҪȥˣʲôܿҲϲ̸һ̸
ŭצһ
Ȼ֪ǳû뵽ܵ˵زʹͷҲ˵ƽ
˵ͷȷʵǱдĿģǳôװ׵ƣδ̫ˡ
˹һɭֺ漣ǲɷָҪѣǶ漣ǿսǶɭֿսԴҶûкô־˭뿴ģԲһӡ
ãͿھϡ°ȥ̬ɻˮ漣׼ô
ǳˬش˵ֹͣڸõӦ⳥⳥õǸĵǸ
ͷһۡ
һﵽװɵɵ
⳥ܴǣҪĵǸƨã
۸ԣҲãǿӵıצҲãǶ⳥ǿ۵ģںʲôǸץϹưѳƳҪԭۺ쾫ķչҲϲ
ֻ漣ǹϵãûа취ֱ顣
ͷܳһ䣬ǻۺ۹ǲġ
漣̻ɭչֲ˼ĿƼͲƷѾȫع⣬ͷôܻῴЩӰǱҪһ伯ɵĿƼǵͲƸʮٱķչǣԳ죬Իɭ˵ȫһǳ顣
Ĵͷһ漣ǡ
Դ޵Ŀԣ
ǳһȫ԰ѳץ˵˭˹ҲˣȻֿ϶˹£Ǿ֪漣һֽ;Ķ˹ڻ֮£Ȼȫˡ
˹¼װɵ㶾˵ǶǻɭŽһĹԻͣΪ˻ᣬ巽úǢ̸Σ
¶Ϊѱ飺漣Ƿչͷܺòȱѣ̫Ҳأʹϵӷס
⼸ֱӾܾͷ
ŭɫһ䣺࣬òΪƾǾڻɭķƸɣ⼸ǲǸӣʵΪڻɭ﷢չڣ
ŭ˵ûʵҪֻɭСС֣ǵݺ͵λҲȥ֣飬ȻǴһЩţҲʲôһ֣ر̬ǣ漣ϾڻɭһϵоٶѾƻɭƽƣǾӲܡ
צ͸ֱӣռֿ⡢ͨѶԡСȵȣеģҲҪУ͵ſսɣ
Ϊ£˵ʼ˵Ҳ͸λֻ漣ĿǰԴֻ־ĸ»ġ
ĺһǻɭԣĳУɭõĳĶһõĳʲôΪѵģ
צŭҲʾˡ
Լ˼Ŀ˵Ǻ漣̻漣̻ĿƼôȰæһС£ǵǺ׽ġ


554 
漣ǵĴʹĴһâȱͻһͷ췢ĸŮ
ϹɻӨӨһֱڴϢ뱻ץߵϹƣһʯͷƽ̫ˣûˣ
ϹȻץסǳ켰ʱȳˣ˸ûгʲôͷȫǵɭԣĳһȦ
˼ҵˣϴͷҲҰôϹˬĴЦʱһֱæµòлһˣޱޱզһȾȥ
ӨӨϹƣޱޱǽ׵սã漣ǹϵرõǣֻڴҶкܶҪǰһдʱԺˡ
â˳죬˹⣬ȻӰ
ӰޱȵĶסûа취ݣ׶߱һǳĿҪǣӨӨվǰܸоһǿҵѹȸУλλѹȡ
˻𣿼λǣ
˭Ȼ̩̹ƽɼλˡ΢΢һЦ˵֪ͨС㣬Ҫһ飡
ӨӨ
ʲôצŭ
һﲻ漣ĵôôǳ̬߸žˣӨӨΪǱЮء
ȻҲû뵽顣
ȥˣϹ˻˳ɭͷˡɭľͷ漣ǣƽ͵ᣬʵһԺ䶯ɭֵĴ¡
צŭǰ뿪漣ʱǾ벻̶̵ʱ漣Ѿ˾޴ı䡣ڵ漣ѾһԶܻĳǰˣ漣ǵĴ䴫硢漣ǵϢͨѶ磬漣ǵԺ͸ָ߿Ƽ豸޲ԳǿǱ
ѾҪˡ
ͷѾʶɭһʵһǳ޴û飬½ôôûбڸõĻᡣɭĴͷʵܹһ½ս漣СͷΪŦĴͷɭֽڼʱһͳʱ߱㹻½չ
Ըצŭ̸С̩̹СпԳ漣зֱٷ֮ɷݽٷ֮ʮͬǾ֧г
пҵһڣѾȡþ޴ɹ
ͷۿɭĲƸڷܲżûΣôҪ;徺ֻܸԳԼУסʱԴ
Ĵͷиơ
ǻɭȱľԪʯͲƸһľǻۺʵκ˲ɵġ
ɽ̩̹ɭĿɽԴԼĹǿˮƽܳԼУֹҵת˲Σٴ漣̳ǣֱװȫ½ǿġ
çĸߵûƸûоɽԴҲûоһͷȲϵģͷ˿Ȳĸߵأһ̡ɳ졢˿ڻӴչԺԼǿ壬ûƣ˿ڻҲ֧С
Ȼˡ
ͷȾԣͷƲԣοѾ𲽣ھ洢ԪʯͿͻư˰ˣÿ춼ӣеķչƶ漣гɳͷ뼷ѽˡ
Ѿܸˡ
漣к漣ǷչǳƽȣǳڻɭֵȶĴֿǣŲ漣еĹɷȥأ
צŭһּۻ̸УձѡֻͬҪ
漣׼֧־СС̩̹гзֱóٷ֮ʮɷ漣лɣóٷ֮ʮɷݺ;нжһĻɣֹĿպȶ
ôȶˡ
ͷʱ˲١
˹µҲ㳹׷ˡ
֮󣬻ɭʵʾѾʼͳһ漣нΪ˲ȻУĴͷδƿľʱЩʱܳΪɭֵδչĵҩΪάֻɭֵȶҪá
ؼһѾɡ
Ŀ͸ĸҪһһƽر촫ϵͳ˵½ȥƣŭϣͨ漣̳ǣùƷȫ½צҪ漣̻ľ𲿺ҪǿԪȥ
ҲҪҲҪȻѾΪѣδЩ϶ٲ˵ġøЩ⣬ڴ֮ǰǸöֳŵˡ
ͫһ΢⣺Ҫʲô˵޷
Ҿֱ˵˰ɣ罨һһ鷳ϣλְܹæΪƽǱߵ
ʲô
˽һҲһ֪֪ڣǷ½⣬⼸λͨˣÿһλųʶ˶ڡ
˹ѹоȣȻȥ
Сù
ȻŹ
Ϊ磬һŷḻԴزĿռ䣬һ̺žغ½˵طһ֮ɫҪӣզǶˣöȻӦһ漣Ըλͬ
ĴͷȻϲ⡣
ζ벻һ£
Ȼ֪ϡԴߣֻǧ֮Ҳ㣬ĴͷʵҪȥһҪðСգ̽һʵʵĻ롣
һˡ
ֱӴͨͣƾ漣̻ĿƼֶΣɭ־Ϊ
ŭצҡ
ڵ漣ǽ˵ѡʵ̫ȷˣԼû뵽ոո漣ϣ̾ͻһǰδеľϲ
צǱɣֱӼ򵥣еսʿ;ӣôɾôɣ
뺷½֪ڵ֮ȴһ㹻ȶľݵ㡣СΪƲԣȿܻ𱾵Ⱥƣ취һ֧λæĿڴˡ
Ҳû˵ϻһ顣
׾徭֮󣬳ǰԭ˹һ˶ѣû뵽ǣĴͷȫˡ
˹Ϊľ鲻ںھֱӽӴбצŭأһϳ·۴½һˮ׼ĸǿߣ
һڳǣֺҳأ
췢Ӱֱڴ͹âʧˡ


555 ݺ
ȼĴѰ£ģĲӣЩǰڳǵľɲս֮󲻽۽ʿȫޣĲӲҪ˵ذڳˣûбӪ͵͵ʳͲֵܷط⣡
ӪṩޣǶڴ˱ֵķպܴ󡣡ȼʱӪӰǱ뿪ǰԶȫĵط
Ӱһ컹û
Ѿ뿪ˣǲôȥʱʱ̶̿вΧڣĲȣ䡣ȼƺѾþοǸܰȱɵˣڵرǿҲǱ޳Ī
ӰȻҲ֪ܲģױɱбᣬѵҪǸܶ಻˼飬ָôأ
ûʱˣڱ뿪ȼ֪һӾͶһΣգϣڲʵʵĵطΪڳĻ֣
Ӱ̾һ
ֻˡ
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ȼɫ䣺ʲôӣ
ħǡӰǡڽǡ޳ǣĴеľ񲿶ӣԤʮң
Ӱæʣ˭ӣ
ǡĳǵĳ
ɫʱò԰ףˣˡ
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Ϊڱոţ˷ͬʱֹḷ́ȺǲӾѾжϺ·ǧħսʿС
ʱĴеľ񲿶Լоٶѹ
ȼƵĲбܣ˿ѾҳһţУҪ˵սˣﶼ⡣
ȼôһߴ׳˶ħǰ棬ħǵĳǸѣ˾߱۷ʵǰһͻƾ磬·ҲǶǿߣֻ̫޴ôƴ£бܽΪǻз̵Ļ᣿
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ĪȻֵˣλ΢΢һ
⼸һǴðģĪ
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泳ûаǷֻǵһȺӬѣڲӬҽУȻúǲˬ䵭˵˭
ŭߵ̩̹漣ģɨݡ
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צֻһΣûɱڰռʧ׷ܵĺڰ飬˫һץһ˺۷ǿǿȻڱצһֽ㱻˺÷顣
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ĳǲӶĿɿڴ
λôɴ䱻ˣ


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Ϊڰħط涷пᡢǿ߳ݸλǳǾǿߣ򲻿ͳγа
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צĸߵذݣ߱ΪһɣһƽɣƵΪ츳ϵ¸ż綼ܻܱԼ߼ʿοצľͲͣ
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𣡡
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һֻ׳ֱ̧ɺָΧһ籩շ籩㼯һɨѪɫĿкγһߴü׵ľ硣

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Ѫɫ羭֮صòı䣬ֻҪ˽ȥ廹ʯ飬ȫڸб촷Ƭ
һͷƽɵԲǷֿܵ
ЩֲĴڣһȫƵռݾƣʱ˿ҲѾûκսͷֻŶĴˡ
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Ȥʮ˱Ǽҷ֮£צҲҪϺһ˭֪Щһ򶼲Ϳʼܣñצû취սɱ¾Ȥ
צ£չʾѾ㹻ˡ˵òҪЩϺз˷̫ʱ䡣
צǳм˵ЩҲܲµڳʲôˮƽΪôһСУȻͬʱһ֣Ҳ̫Сˡ
˵ôˣο߰ɣ첻ȼӰʹһ񣺡ڶλþȱΣ
˴ԺѾͬʱʧȥ˼ˣͷƽɺλһģʹҲ߱׵սôλָǺεǿĴأ
쳹ʣ
һǵͷųɢܵľӲЩ־ȽϱģɿܵĹڵϡ
ƣ˫չڿշ𣬱һͷʮ׳ľÿһɫƬƺǿǲһĺڰ֮С


ϲɣȴû˻ϲϾǵرǵ£ֶǹ㷺ֲġѪͳĸߵ壬ڳǰĺȻһѾһµľ
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ʲôҪɱңҪɱң
֮ڵϾͷ˸еǳһǿߣûУֱǶǵ
첻ŲæǾҪıֿ


558 
֮ߣ׳࣬࣬һԴ첲ûжħβͺͶħǣͱӶ䶼ûУṹȴ𶯷Ӷ˵ͷûëڵƤŽ
һκ
⵹ùһû缸죬ڳΪ׸Ľˡ
֮ûκƿԣ߰õĹڵϣȼӰһһѺţǳŵĶֳִ̬ôһһ򾳽Ķǿߡ
ˡ
ħոձˣ̶̵ʱȻָòˣƺκһʵħӦþ߱ģ
ò²ֱʣʲô壿ʲô
Ǻħġ֮Ͻ˵ҵȫаɸǶٱظ갢ɵ¡
ħڰ־ֳֳȼӰȫ˵ҲǼʮ֣ƺħڰ嶼ԼƽгƺֻҪȡ־͹ˣа
ħ壿ģΪûĻ֪ħ壬ħһֵͽ׶ħħǲģħܹ򾳽磿ο޺ħǷŽıƤӲָ޲˵쵰ں˵˵ôʵ᲻ʵˣòɫƣȰ֫Ҿ
ȼҪ̡
ס֣ס֣ŵɫ䣬Լ˵Ǻħֻڵģ
ֹ̧ȼʣʲô⣿

Լһ澭ԭԭ
ʮǰһڵײĵͽ׶ħһһȥɽѰҩģǳ׹һعż
һʮ죡
ּֿзֵعֲһѪ֥Ҳ֪Щ֥ʱҲ˲ôˣ̾Щ֥ΪʳԽ˶
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ûкˣɫŵ˵ҳЩ֮ͻ˯˹ȥʱѾȥʮˣҵ巢޴ı仯Ҳ˰ٱֹվѧϰյعصһЩմ˽˳
һֵҩһ˯ʮꣿ˯֮䣬ðٱôں˵˵
Զħ֮ģаٻԸ׹Ϊ˱סԼѾ˲ôˣ뿪ع֮ԼΪѾﵽһؾ磬ʱħǵЩһڶʮǰЩ·ߵûʲôʱᱻû뵽ǣ⼸ʮֹҪӵ϶֮λãŵѰڳǹΪҸ˳УԾ͡
ˡ
Ҫûѣǳ˵ˣΪܸıһӰҩֻд˵еƷֱּƷûǴˣ󻹱ĪĸıʲʵһѾúˡ
Ķܺý͡
һ߱ǿʵ˼ȻͣںħˮƽӲãĿǳû
ǿȴǳá
ĴҪԺܴţԴɨӵĲ̼ͻع˳ӴɹƳٲκβԼжǴá
Ī϶֮
ǿվзգ˾ͷ԰ڳǵĹⳡսҪǶԭ
һʾڳǺôǶӰУ֮֮һڳǣô԰ټƵôͻɹƳһսкܴģҪɽġɱӺЧ
ڶǸ룬Ϊ򾳽ǿߣȻûκθڣȴûǻֻۣҪѰڰڳǽи룬ĴõԼܵв
ǰڳǱĴڳǳ˲дʱʱ򹥴򰵺ڳСȡսڳΪһӪУԴҲλˡ
ȡ֮¡
ⳡսôˡ
òʵعʲôλã
СԷκƭ̾Ͱϸľλϸϸ˵һ顣
ûƭңȰȼֶӰ˵ȥҿֵⷢһʱҡ
Ըı䰢طǳȤһ˷˱仯ıҩпǴ˵еƷֶǳҲȻĶġ
ΰڳǾԪˣջȴҲǰδУħǡӰǡڽǡ޳ǣĴнΪڳǵĸУ¢϶һԴ⽫Ϊ漣̻ͻɭִ޴档
ȼΪڳǳ
ھӰΪڳǸ
Ĵɭ־ͷ˴γˣ쵱ȻܿǣĴзֱɭ֡롢ɽĸߵתءȻĴͷûֱͳеȨȴܹΪȡԴ
ף磬ûޱޱʮ˴͹ޱޱʵͻͽѾһӵ۷Ŀռˣ̫ˣ
˹΢΢һôˣ
˲óԾġޱޱͷ⣬Щ˶漣̻ؽĿռ츳ߣޱޱΪɿռ乤̶ռأҪڿռѷطһͬĿռջ
۰ڳǣĴУӪأ춼ǲԲֹġΪϾߣÿһطÿһطĹأĸȻ򣬳пܾͻΪʸ֮ģⲢǳҪġ
漣̻Ҫһܲɣ
ÿռγɵǿռһѵص㣡
ﲻܸ漣̻ṩϡԴرĿռδһǿռҪ
ޱޱĿռ乤̶ӣǿռѷǿм޳һռջֻͨ漣̻˽ҪΧֻҪرտռջռѷȻγɵĿռ赲һߣ
ռҪ칤ϡ
ȼҲϰڳԼС
Ѿ͸ˡ
ȼѯǸڵļһҪҪ
ΪʲôҪҡҡͷ˵һﾡܴ˵㣬֮ݻõģҪһǿų棬ǲƵ̨ŶԺСаοе⣬ֵ߱
ȼü
뷨һɱˣȻøԶϣͳͳ硣첻ΪΪ˹¼λڣһвҲγв
ʱӰѾˣݰṩ鱨ǰȥ̽ȷʵһԵĵż
ãܺãȥ˹µ˵Ҫ鷳λˡ
鷳
ֺγ԰Ȥأ˵رջ붼ûˬͬˣ˾ǰ˸õص㡣


559 
ΪϱΪ״ǹģռвͬеӹһطٷ֮ʮǻ˿ڣԼħණϱĴСһЩ
عĸƽƽ棬۵ɽ֮£ûʲôرϡĶżڿưܼª洦ɼԶż
ĴͷͿʼ̽
Թַ鿴Χ򣬽طҲǼƽӹģûһֵط˵Ǵ˵еҩˣƾͨҩѳó
ŭɫ̫ÿǿǱǸһƭˣֵطγɶ컯֮
צԴҲǷŭѡ
ݺ͵λε󣬾һĶħˣˣԶܵôһʺĹطԲǣ
˹ûмڱ̬Աߵĳʣô
ǲŰƭģȷʵһһӡ򾳽ģҲʵЩ֣˰Ӧûп֮ü¶ۣȿ˵
ʲô취
Ȼˣܲһ۾߰ɣ
عʵʮưأռȷʵ㹻ģҲѹְᱻռԳԲʲôΪ߱ʥʶС۸ûлѶռ价ͬʱҲҵԳҵҩĵط
߽ʱҰϰֵļ̳Щ̳߶ʮң沼ֵķԼͼڣݳƲӦԶ壬Ҳ˵ڴˣѾüʱ⡣
ҵ겻ҩȥ
˵֮Ʈϣվڹϼ̳棬ּ̳һ鰼ۡбһֻҰɫʣץһϸ鿴һЩϡϡİ߲ɳ
˹üǡ
ش𣺡һ
̫ͬ쿴ЩǾʣôܻ
˼һרĵرļƷ˵Ǵھǧɵһֳվһô˵̻ѾѱգȻҲͲˡ
Ƿֵȼģ̺ǿļƷֻΪķʱ̫̻ɾɳˡƺĿɨΧļ̳عżļ̳һûв´ĻӦһǳرֲ
һֲδҲ̫һɣ˹»Χ˵ʹЩ̳ľɳɵģÿֲ̳ռֲֻһҩġ
һҲ͹ˣ
žɳЩɳƺҲǷֲģ澧ɳֲڣвľɳָϸ󣬳׾ɳٳʱǳȵķ֣¾ɳɫǰɫġ
֣ʲô
һѰ쾧ɳݵСǰҿʲôɷ֡
СһѣϸϸƷζһ̽˶¶ɻ飬ưͼϸƷζ롣ó벻鷢ˣСȻһӳһĶʮĵùӣ´ش
ܾʣж𣿡
ܣСıҲеǳľ㵣Сû쳣֣ûܶĶҩ
С㵸ӲָһͷϢһ߷ǳ˷ܵĶԳȻ¡
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Сʹͷʾˡ
צ׳С֮Ľʽ̲סˣǵ׷ʲô
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˵佫ʶͷŵΧмһ̳﷢صͨ˵̴Ĵͷͨȥ
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δߵ׾͸оЩƺŷǳǿҵжģгϢȻΪ̩̹ɡǶоǿҵѹȸС
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Ĵͷ֪ڲʶعƺûô򵥡
߳ʱһȻγɵĵܶǰܶռǳĿһٶѪɫḷ̌ϲعֱӲҶһƬɺ캣
һٶѪɫľ޴󾧴Ӧþǵعһٶ̳̳ȻͨЩɺɫĺٴƬȡĳֳ̳ҩһǰδֳַû˵ôϡŹֵķʽ
ʲôվƽ̨֮ϣһ˫֮ͫܶɺ캣ƺĳճγɵģΪʲôоһǿϢϢȻԶھ֮ϣ
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Ĵͷһ
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˹ƺһЩ˵Զħҩıҩ߱ۺħ
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˵ôѾҪڳѾ֪ɺ캣棬һħ弫пܲС
ħ֮壬
쵱ֻһѪͼͷȴǿĹܻһߣôԳожô޴İ


560 ħź
ɺ캣һħѪڻɣ̳ͨȡıҩо߱ħʡ
Եɺзһҩ徭ȸ죬Ѿ̵ĴڣȻ̶ԣ߱ħֻ֮Ǵǿѡ
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ƺǹħ񾭹ǧݻԹħѪΪγɵĹ
Сֱ;Ѫǰ
ǹСƷʲô
С겻سѾ֣ȴһɫϢ˲ͰѺüʮɺħ棬ȻʹһЩܵĳ־޴ǣ̳ŤһֻѪȫ㼯һֱ߱С˶ӡ
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ΪСԸ㶨ʱ򣬽û뵽鷢ˣСܸһڣͨ죬һʹ˳ǵɺĵǣ⻹ǿʼСһںۣʱĴ硣
а
СĴڣϾûȫɳûа취ֱħѪ
ʱɺ캣Ķħʼжˣжûǹ߹һĹ켸˹ȻǰһӣڻĹѸٱһ޴Ͻ˶ں档
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ɫ䣬Եֵȴ֣ԼԽǵֿٶҲԽ죬һֻ棬ܹȼӴκʺתȥֿʱ򣬷ӡ
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ݻùļƬ˶ԺħйһЩ˽⣬ħȻк֮ܶǱȷʵġõѪܾһƳκ䣬ħѪȴֲֻ֮Ҫһξɱ顣
»״̬ΪħѪȾµĽ
ħѪ̺ǿʴ塢Ԫ꣬ħѪȫĿƣȻøǿǺпܻʧȥʶӴΪħʶ֮µĿܡ
˹¼˾Ͱɳ©Ԫͷ˳һʱע˲佫ӵħѪ֮ƻȥ뿪ڡ
Щ˵ǾܽӴЩ룡
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ŭ˫ٵֱ۴ֵ׵磬˲ɺ캣γһ׵ǿ׹ڻཻ֯УڲϵطӣԽԽܼͼѹȫѹڵ¡
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ħӡ
ʮγɵľ޴ӡֱӺھϣ˼鷢ˣܵײɽͻȻ˺鿪ƬԴԴ׹䣬ȫɺ캣ﻯΪС
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ΣյɺħѾʱˣǲܱɱģò˶þֻḴǻǲġ
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ЩǹħĶ½ϷǳĺҲ֪ôãֻɳо㡣


561 
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İ칫Ҿü֮Ѿȫ½ȽϢսģֻһǧƽ׵ĵطƿ漣漣̻ᣬǲʩܼʱɡ
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ӨӨΪ漣ǵҪȫȡƷЭԴԼЭȵȣȻԲȻһսصĹ
ǵľоúܴͻơ˵ǱӾ֮Ľȣ漣̻һǳҪı㡣
ӨӨĿһΪǺö;ǻģȡشͻƣǶǷǳֵڴ飬ظŵģһԶٹġ
ţڣҷġ漣ŵĵλǣޱޱϹƣֻǵ˿Լˣȫľ֣ڽ˾֮ң˳⣬ֻӨӨܵˣʱе¶Ҫƶ漣̻ҺĸǱģӨӨչôˣ
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һ簮óɵѾͷ֪ôŵչ¶ıʵһǳרעˣҲ֪ʲôԼ뷨룬Ҫһεץסźá
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׷ͳΣ׷ʶôǿеġ
ڴҵ涼Ѿ౻һ𣬻ɭܹȶ˭û˻ܾ顣
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һûйصĵطӵҲԶѳɴΪ漣ǵʵͳߣ鷢ĴͷҲʵʵعأ
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漣еô
˹µһ̬޳ɣ
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562 ɭ
漣֮£ɭĴͷɹʶķ漣ǣӴʽǩƽԼˣΪɭˣ
ǻɭʷԵһ̣ζɭĴݵľʧˣڽγһʽڵĳ
ɭԭ
һ׼κʽĻ๥֡
ɭ˳漣ǽΪǽԹϵͳӴԺÿһжΧΪĵĸ߶ƣ˳жԿƼ֮£Դֶ¼๥ԷУӶԷԴ
ڶ˳ԱڵĳܵԮ֡
ɭ˳֮Ȼ־漣ǣѾǻˣһԱܵвԱһܵٽоԮԴٽ˵ȶ
ɭ˽һɭᣬɭһشڲͷϣȫ
ɭṲϯλĴͷһϯ漣λһϯɭΪȨ֮£ֳȨأֱΪɭ˾ԺɭԺɭٲԺ
ɭ˾ԺǸضὨԺҪϡϡϵȵȣԼطɻȻˣͬ壬ͬУͬҪɷ涼Ҫʵƶģ˾ԺִֻС
ɭԺԺǸģÿһÿһе˾ԺÿҲҪÿеԺ˴˵ԭԷ֮⣬෨ɶյƶ֣ӦɭֶĻ塣
ɭٲԺһ֮ìܵȨڳзìܣϱǷǷģӦֱϵɭᣬеٲãȷƽ͹ٲԺҲмලܣĳлĳԽΪôǰٲѡ
ƺһ˲仯ѧʦ
һԺ˽ṹ˾ְලߵͬʱط㹻ռ䣬صطķ׺ʵɭƶҪܹɹʩУôȻἫ̶ȸɭֻҾ档
ĴͷǩɭֹԼ
ʽĳˣ
ҪѾ˳ɣ΢һĴͷôˬͬɭ˳ҪΪǶ漣ǡ֪漣ʵ̫ˣһֽԼ޷γ㹻ԼһΥԼܻõعԼôǶԥ˳ˡ
ûϵ
ĴͷҪ漣ǡ
ɭ˶ʱڲᱻƵġ
ţ漣Ƶʱģɭһ֮ƺƴɭ֣߶УΪȫ棬϶Ҳ뵽ɭС
ЩгΪɭ˵ĳԱĴĸмʹˡո˵һɭһٶУĴͷյĽ֮һѡ
漣ЯĴɭˣƺ޴ܽһҲɽΪɭ˵ĳԱĴͷӰлᱻϡͣ˶Ĵͷûôˡ
漣ɭеλȻ
ЩͶɭ˶Ͷ漣ǣʵȴǱ漣
漣ǵʵ²Ϊ̰漣ǵʵƶ²Ϊԣ漣ʵǿ²ΪвǴСǻ۵Ĺ֮ˡ漣ֱȥշСӳǳôȻ裬ַʽ˴壬ȫͬˡ
һȵķչ쵼߸Ҫϵ
СͳһûǿҵĿռ˾漣̻㹻ǿҲᵽȥǰկ̣Ϊ漣ǸûбҪô漣̻ΪһƼ͵ռأòƷͿƼı
ɭ˳
̽־巢չ
漣Ĵͷ٣漣е֧£̩̹ССУھܱȵϾУڸֱɭֳȴȻźܴķչռ䡣
ͷĲֻҪ漣ǵļ֧֣ǲܸõĹϽԼأĿҲ˱øԶپ޻ɭһĶֵأǿʼɭ޼ʵĴ½ˡ
ɭֵ׸еǮͷûбİã󰮺þ׬Ǯгֱ֮Ӵ֧ԪʯͶȥʼƻ漣Ǻɭ̶ӺͿɶӣǰѹβƸ
ɽĴ̩̹̩̹֮󣬳ﱸĽǮ漣̻չ׼ɭĹҵɽӵо塢Ǿ塢ڣǴɭ½ߵˮƽɽԴҲǼḻģֻǺܶǰ޷ɣ漣Ǻ֮һж˿ܣ
ĸߵǰ߶ԣǵչֱӡǿӲ
гΪĸߵļѣΪṩѴб漣ǵȽװǿװʲ֮ǿʼδ֪ɭɱǿޣɨĵĲ壬ɭ֮⣬շСսսս¸е˿ں۵սĴͷֻǾ߱չ
Ҳɭ˷ǳӵĵ
ޱޱȥǿռҪȺܿ죬ƺܹܿʽã漣װԪѾִﰵڳǣͬʱɼĶħսʿԼڰؾʦõرʵԴĻ
漣Ǿһֻ֩롣
ֻ֩֯һս磬ڽɭٵķչͷκ˲ĿȻһеĵ߳죬ȴһֱû¶棬ΪʱһҪҪ
漣ǵĵоء
Լһ˹ʵ⼸첻߲ݵŬҪ˼飬һǴ֮ȡ裬ڶǴħ֮ȡзһר⼸ֶϵԪ
ħ֮ĵعҳ֮ǵ͸ģֱȡħϣϿļƷϣ
û취ʹǻħǡ
̺̫ǿħԷ֮޷ܣٱΣաΪʲôһֱϣȴһֱûʹõԭڡ
Ƭȴһַ
ħܹкֻͣҪõҰպó߶ȣ߼ܹһƽ⣬Ӷﵽܵĵز
쾭յоţ׼ħΪƵҩ߾ܹкͣվ̺ǿħԶɺܴϺпܸ컹ûɣȳܲ˶ͱˡ
ֿǵַյĴڣҪѡõɫɹΪɫɹ̺ǿ԰ѷս͡
ҪɰֱӰ쵽δ


563 
ǰˮװֲͬɫҺһǰ׽ɫģһǺɫģžžͷƺԾڻ̺ǿ
ҺֱǴħȡľ
ǳֶ̺Ŷôǿھ׼ĵ¯漣̻ŭչģԼƷ4ϴ죬ͳ̶Ⱦ̩̹Ҳٻֺ
ʹõҲʮ֮࣬ĵҪԲ֮⣬дȹ̡ӳ֡ǿף֮󷨣ԪʯṩԴԽвٿء
׼ѾеĲࡣ
ھͿԿʼˣ
첻ҪǮѼʮ϶Ͷ¯˷ԪͬʱʼһһƴԪͼԪһâƴԪ
䣡䣡䣡
һǳǿҵʵصͷľɵ߳棬Լʱ¯ı棬ָ󷨶Ѿϣſ󣬵¯ĲϿʼƣ̾ͷ籩ŭŵѾ±
ʮֳȣȵʮӣ籩С콫һöɫɹҲͶ¯
ɫɹ¯ɲǡ
¯ʱִɫƣ裬ȵ֮˲Ϣͳʵҡ¯Ǹղŵ¯ӵĲʷǷѾըˡ
һ¯ҩȫмеļƷر3ƷҩɫɹǵκһҩóȫܵҩʹáȴҩģǺݳ˷ѵΪ
콥оЩ¯ĶԽԽңһͷסԶޣڵ¯﷢ǳǿѷɫе۷ǿߣҿ㹻󷨣ԽѹС
أЩֱײǰ취⽫ӳɵٶȣӶӰ쵤ҩƷʡ˫ָһɻ棬ɫĻѸ͵Ĵȥס˶ֹ¯һ˿˿ӵ¯϶͸ȥǿڤ̾Ϳס¯𶯣һ˶ıѵ¯סˡ
ڤЧɵγʱ궯
ӽ߶õ¯Ĳϱյ¯׵ƽһӣ¯ӱһ߲ʵĹâ̼ҰƺƵϢоضܸол˻κΪ֮Ŀ
̫ǿˣ
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һöƷȴѾǳӽƷ3ɵǸ۷˷ãҲƿΪĿԴӣοڶûдﵽˣҪֱӷȥΪҲʲôֵ飡
ҪƵĶȴһöɵ
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첢ûмŰɵȡڤɵɵ³¯ȥ˫һӲ豸ħҺ¯ڣֲ϶ʱһ
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µһƿʼˣ
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ѵҩҪϣٽħҺΪϣߺһٴơԵ˾׵ַ쿪ҼճȺʦ޷
ΪʵʾһȥʡںϾʱ䡢ٴĸ̡ͨĲȡһȽϸӵ飬οںϡʱ䡢Ĺˡ
һųɵɷַǳӣֳɷѾȶû˵˰ѳɵзֽ⣬ԴΪϽƵģ
ֱǷӰ
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һĶãһʶӹ¯һԪ߶ֻ¯ӱѺȻڻӣԽԽǿˣȴڻƽȵĳš
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ʵ̫ˣ¾ڳҲΪ֮ɫɣʲôµʵ飿һʧֻʧܣǵ»ػܻԴԼҲѱס
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Ȼ¯ըˣǵ¯ڵĶһڤбһŰ׽ϺںϵϢΧǵ߲ʹâڤһݰ㽫ǰ档
һ˫չ˽߽ݵ룬ʱԪֵͷų˫ѾһƬڣ˶޵׺ڶǿסΧ
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һɺڷĵ˽
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һǳпµ׳٣
޷ûϵ
ڤסҩԻΪ¯ΪϽƣͬʱ츳˵ֱӰ嵱ߣ
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ĴԲóʺͻָԶ࣬ҲܸĳᲢ۰ӿ˲䣬Ƥʱ˺ѣ綼ܵصĴˣû˺Ƭ漣ˣ
ȴԽԽٶȳų壬ڶ̶̼֮䣬ͷŴﵽⶼ˺ѷɫͷַ峹ױһ˲䡣
Σʱ̣⣬ַɫĹԣЩܵ˵ĳЧ֮ڼٻָ
뷨Ȼʮȷ
ϵԼ޷ħ֮ϴѡһ־߱ǿɵͨɵˡ״ʹһֻ˲ѭĽ׶Ρ
̹Ȼʹģȴи׸죬ÿһѪÿһÿһǶֱħ͸Ϊзɿͻͽ
أ۷壬أ۷壬أ
Գ˵ǰδеģͿԽüصΪ;磬ִصˮƽڸϣѳΪƵ龳ԲˮƽҲδز
쵱ȻΪһصΪԳ˵һصΪʵû̫ļֵΪʱָĻȷʵǳѵã
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ŽȥһСʱͳͳйϣ·ѾƬƺǰǿ׳˺ܶ࣬ÿһ缡ƺǾģÿһ鼡ⶼǿıڹԡ
ɹˣ
ɹˣ
ܷǳһ̥ǵĸоħͬʣӹǵѪٵ⣬ȫһӰԶľ޴ı䡣
оض̫
Ѿעǳĳ״˰漣ǰµĵ˿ҹһоȥ漣̻߲Ҳˡ
˭֪оʱ򣬳Ѿһжˡ
ʱջһո³ߵǰ
Ϲƾһϴ󵽵׷ʲôôˣ
Ҷ֣ıǰҪõö࣬Ƿţ͵УгǿҰƤñȾ黹Ҫϸ߶ǰ߳׵ӡ
òͲھ޴ı֮󣬸ͻԳһ˵գָ˲䷭ˡ
ֳŮоԱ춼ϼ˫աȶһͷӶ˽
쵹ûںԼεĸı䣬ΪԼѾ˧ˣʹ˧һҲǽҪ˽ǣħĸ֮˶١
ߣȥ鳡
鳡Ҫǽиʵ飬дĲԹߣȰǸżЩżнӽ׸߶ȣÿһ3죬ƻٳ̶ߵ͡
ˣȷҪЩż𣿡ЩԥضԳ˵ЩżԪģû˵ӵб廹ǿʮ
ٷϻȫڿ
ʮżͳͳİڿ
Ŀڵһżϣȭͷ䷢ûʹκιûжκԪڴ֮µһöڵٵļȥصײżϡ
һ
żʮصֱӰݣõʮ֮⣬ʮԶĦŽ𻨲ҷ̶
ƻ̶32%һоԱ˰ѺһȭѾӽԪڣ
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һȭͷԪᲢۣǲ̫һ㣡
ڵΪҪǶԪƻȻԶʤ̫ǿĳԪڣÿһ˶ע⵽ˣһȭʱǴƻЧҲǴƻ
ǿֵزЩԶޱҲ̫ˣ
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ƻ̶38%
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ƻ̶40%
ƻ̶43%
ƻ̶47%
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żͻȻֹͣ˶˫ųɫâһǿʶͷųȥʣżʶ֮£ȫеǰųһš
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˫ȭһνǰβһһͷźɫâɫ棬ǿ񱩸ǿһе

ǳԪ̺ľ֮һƻȻܿΪһֱǿĹϵ޷ҵӳֱ֣ڷʩչˣ
Ϊʮ׵һɲǱѱݣ类ľݺݲһţʵǳԾʱĴƣһͷһȺֵıɣЯųһĴʿ
ȣ
췢һƵĵͺȣȻûκξɻԪӳ֣Ƕȴһװң˸оԵĲһˣһͷξһͷαɣ
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һɿֲһżִڵڶżϣͬȱըѣֱеżʱɿֲ˥ߣȴȻżɽ÷飬ڵĸżֱؿһڴ͸ż
ż񱩵ײø߸ߵط𣬵ʱѾˡ
ǰ𻵳̶100%
ĸ𻵳̶90%
𻵳̶70%
һȭͷĿֲѾȫΪıɾˣ漣̻ԪҲǿȥ
˸еëȻĵطڡ
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仰˵ʷ棬ѾԪԶ˵ļޣսԪݽߣƾŷ˼ĿҲܶԿκͬǿˣ
һȭͷŵ̫ǿˡ
ȭͷѾѪģûһѪûƣ˿ڷǳ̵ʱȻûһȫָ
ǿָͬӦӵеģ
ѾԽ壬ȫ߱򾳽磬߾ʱǱ


565 Σ
ǿԵκһۼʶˣ·ǳ̵𺳺ͳǾҲ⡣һͷɻûʲô֣ȴһѣ
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ɳռжô󣬵ǱȻһѣԪһԪľôͨҲǿȥû˵֮ȴ߱ɰǿĴڣ
λΪ߽ǿߣĿǰʵȻǷֻǳɳٶʵڴĿģôչһξԾüΪٶȳɳȥ³ΪǿҲָտɴˣ
ΪܻͻͽҪΪ׼ǳḻ첻ħ裬ɫɹΪ׵ļҩԼʮַǳĲԭ۷ֳ򾳵ҪֻСҲͲʲôˡ
ʵĲԽոտʼŶ飬췢Դӽħں֮ȻѪƽһ䡢ƺͶأǾ˵ѾûЧˡȻħѪǿʴԣȴǿĵֿʴͶħϢ
ԪƷʣļͳ̶ȣ÷ǳ
һγԣûмعû
νʮΣյģΪħƽǿڣͼȡħǷġԶҲֱȡħ֮ͨͨȡħҩģͨҩתʹá
ϵʳһ걦ҩȻûҲѾĿȫǣѾԭӣѾһ
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һҲܰԼһǿ᣿
Щ˵Ȼո߳Ȼ˵ȶ컯ĸ졣
ССҳأҲĽңβԼˣֱӶԴҳŵ˵ģƵĻᣬҶзݣ
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ʵüع񼹹ǣǳһξģڶһСȻûа취ʹ˶һθոĸ죬Ͼ޷ģҪõɼҲǿġ
취Ҳǲԡ
˵ɾ͸ɴȥһ߶̿ɹħѪһо̳Ľ췽ʽԸƣôص漣ǣ漣԰רȦһС
ȫģʽֲԹħѪѡõҩģΪֳ漣԰ĹϵǿãҪʮϰ̣пܶʮܹȫ
׾پܻǿ̺ħ֮ҩģΪħ֮ҩǿԵԽʱֻҪҺȡһƬҶɫɹôڲ̫Ѿ֮£Ƴ浽ħˡ
˵ҩЧȼ޷˾޴죬ҲһͨͼóΪǿߣͨ߸ԶľΪͬʱΪҲĪİġ
ΪЩæµʱȻ˹˵зǳҪҪǱĴʱֻ漣ǵĸ߼佫󲿷ֶѾˡ
ݲò¶֪϶﷢սˡ
ܹӥսˣ⧲֮£ѾʮǳˣбֹĲԭѾӥսĲӸռɫƺʮأӶԷĽٶȺͽģӦһԤıĽӦǵԮ˵ӥս鱨ռ൱ȫ棬֪ɭʵ
첻üͷ
ӥսһսһչеսΪһȫԱоѵͱƵľӢ򣬻߱ΧʮСͬʱչǿӶԺ͹ռٶȣܹսսʱʱ̶̿ȺĽԡ
ڴ½սУӥʵҲϵˡ
ôһҰԲĹңô̵ʱѹڽӶӸسԸܹΪ׵ˣʵɱţ㣳
ԾӥսѾ֪ɭֵĴڣǲ֪ɭֵĴڸ֪Ƭɭ֧Ժӥս⻹ҪģҪ⼸ֻѾˣĻ֧֡
Ϣӥսӥսͳܲձ
ֻԭøս˳Ĳӷǰսȫʹ˷˶еѵǣΪʲôӥ֪ɭ
ɭָӥսңʮﲻֹ
ɭһֱܷգ֪ɭ־Ҳ࣬ӥսôңԶĵطûͨѶụ̂ô֪ȷϢģ
ⲢһС⣡
Լ˼Ƭ̱˵ûϵǸӥ֮սᷢȻҲðᡣ漣̻Ѿǰ漣̻ˣɭĴѷɫսˮƽ˵ʮͷٵĸߵؽʮͷɣɭֺ;ɽ֧һ㣬ҾͲŸɲӥĲӣ
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⻹һرĵģΪӥ½żȻȻܵĳɿĽɿŶɭɭȫͼ߸ɭ˵һ֧˿٤󡣡
侲ķ˵
Ƕ٤ߵصϷǳ٣ֻ֪һλǿ֩ŮҰĲԸ⿴ɭγɵ˱Ȼǣ͸Ҳӳǵ鱨˲磬Ϊ˵ر磬Ϊ٤߱ɭγѾΪһд̡ӥս˶ɭ˵ĵһУԤоԲΨһһУ
ͷСĺеôСǻҪЩ
Թı۱˵ӥսһ֧ǿȴԺɭˣֻΪǵע⡣ʼٸ٤Ļô٤һͨɭִСʱ׼嵶ͬʱںԺŻ𣬹ռ
Щ뵽ġҲ˵٤ǸʲôŮôʱ䣬³ɭн뵽Ȼ벻ģԴʣǱСķ
˱鶼ء
ɭ˸ոճãؼҲ۵ʱôҪشսΣ


566 ԭĶԾ
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ڵ֮ǽΣɭ˳Աû취̫رǱ֮ĽսĴͷУΨһ˿ڱȽ϶࣬߱;սģҲֻĸߵˡ
ĸߵƾʲôΪ
Ҳ˵ɭ˸ոճǺú𲽴ֵȡʱĸߵؾ뱱ҲԶģ漣ǵĴͼûǿԴ;ŵĵزĸߵûҲûɱǰԮ
˽飬漣̻취
Թȥ򣺡Ȼڲ;ս棬漣̻ǴھԵƣӵд½ǿȽʽװ޷ȫ޴࣬ȴҲסӥȡʱ䣬һ취ƻⳡս
Сǲ뿪ġ
һǴС㲻ǿһǴСΪ漣ǵĴԣ漣̻漣һжڴСָ֮½Сͳ쵣һӥսڣпֻһӣ漣ǱյɱС
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˵ͶǰǰߣֹǰǴֹȮֲԭ֮ϣطعϡҶ鲿䣬ӥһУ̾ˮǺҵóġ
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˲Ǽÿһ涼żҳصսЩսλöɫâȻһ״̬ڻǰţһִڹܣһŴĵ޲ΣյϢ


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漣Ǿǰ漸ŶǱ׼Сͣÿһʳħĸսʿʳħһƾ޶ܣһųھԪǰ棬սʿһɫŻǹеվʳħĺ档
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οЩսʿжͲ漣ǵĿսŶѵصľˣΣյϢԲں֮ɢģ
йŹ֣ӥһ˵һֻȷ棬ȴȥʵ

Ҳӥպ󽫣۵λȵҪߣһḻĽоΣյϢ˶Ժӥûκε
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һͷһͷսޱը飡
ȻռݾƣӥһߵɱζԹǿķȫΧڻķϴ


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ӥŲ湥ǿдֱȫûа취漣Ǿŵͣ漣ǾɣڻǹɨոźӥսֱһѽĻڲϵıԪ֮µˣһʬ嶼¡
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һնӥҲն˺ӥŵľֻ֧鲿Ӷʱ߽ܵĴʼǿĺӥţԪںȸɱԼ鱻նɱ˫ش֮£ʿҲǵȻ޴ˣ
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ͬʱͻһ㱻ȡˣúӥ·һ˿ϣΪԵĿһǧѷŵĺûᣬӥžʧصǴ뻹ڣ뻹ռƵģзδûʤ㣡
ֻǣսʿǽ羪κ˰ɱȴǶļʱ漣Ǿŵĸֱ
ʮսƮ˰գβɫĻѻһ󼲷ÿһս涼һܸǣսķУǿһֻֻĴ֩롣
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漣̻ڵĿƼӰʵǳס
켸Ӿõ˸ƺõս¼񣬵ܹǣǽԭֺĳнòŸոһʱ䣬ȴ
ǴŮ漣̻Ĵˣ漣̻ʲôöȫǾеģλҲѾȣǼһţΪֺ漣̻ŵ̬ϽڴܹĵλҲͿ֪ˡ
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Ѫͳѳ̶ƺԽԽߣȫԽĸ汲һͷɫĳ޸߹󡢸߸ϣֱŮ
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ʵǴ֮δȥ漣ǣֻÿȥ漣ǵʱ򶼼ˣЩԹ
ô᣿ҵļԻ̫ãǶŮһֱǼǵúεģһʱʵ̫æˡЦЦݣô̸һ̸ܹڵɣ
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ͷܹƴҪԱǱ취סܹܹһܵˣǵ˾ͻɶ
ʣмƻô
Уܷɹδ֪ǲһԣ


570 ˵©
漣̻ĹģѾǳ󣬵ʱֹĻеվֻΨһһ֧ӥսۺȫλĿչһ֧˵ľžʵǿվҲ˴ʧûа취Ӧ档
ܡġ֣滹õóֵľֻдܹܹȴһ͵ĹңսŵӷʽֲڸŸɣûнй»ʡսֻ˵飬ȫûа취ӥᲢۡ
ӥսڱֵоţڲòԴܹߵɹݵıֹӥսڴܹı϶ǿ漣̻ûзӦ֣ӲӲǲǵģ
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ص漣ǵʱС㿴ǳƣ첻߲ݵռ鱨漣ǿϵͳæҲһܷ顣
ȡ鱨ʮֹؼҷ漣̻ȥ飬֤ʵ˺ⳡС㿴ų̾һдսʿ͵͵ɭ֣ΪѡĶˮ򣬶жʮأֱλãɭҲûв
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˻֮Уһ׾޴ͻȻʻ
ҳڽޱ嶼ԱƣֻԲٶʻȻһַǳǿҵѹȸУøۿΧڰж޲Ȼɫ
ڽ޽ΪܣһԴڴͷ֮ϣԲŵ۾Ȼ˸ɱͷɷΧˮ޷ˣԶԶĿôһۣҲ˸оѹ
Ǭ۹
Ǭ۹Ĵ
ڽ޽ۿһкüǧףʮλ۵߼һ㴩ǧ׵ˮشڴͷװ֮ϣÿһ˶ޱϢйȻһɫȫҵǿߣ
ŵɭȥʹһɭֳеĳҲ֣ܵȻڽ޽֮ϣȴֻһȺ·ѡ
Ǭ۹ޱңԶ
ڽ޴ɲȱں֪һ·вþٶսһ۹˿붼мʮڣǿλǿ߿˵Ƕţëʤġ
һǿʢĹң
ɭҲǿǬ۹⣬ڻɭַѵľ棬Ǭ۹
ڽ޽صִۿڣλģȻżªҲǫȻᣬһĵİ
ūˡ
ʲôɣ
ūͺͶʮ߽黤·Ӿ޴װ߳ޣ˵ݣͷħڿڴҡڵǷȥ
Ǭˣ
ۿڵƺϳݣһȫǫĹڵϣɫǫĪֱӣֻһ⣬˴صĻۣһݱĶȻǳͨȷʵڣ¶ÿһƤȫɣͷվһֻɰС׺ꡣ
˿ԶȥЩ̫ˬ˵һ䣺ģһʲôͷ˾Ͳܵ͵㣡
С㣡һ߻æվ˵ǰǴǬķߣҳԲѷҪ𣿡
ߣ
ߺ˲
ǰǷŴأ
¶иı飬ʱ߲һȼһѧǿȥôܻǷ
˽ԶȥۿŻָ
ӵĴĪ϶Գֺܲ⣬Īһ൱Ĵ̣ܹһٶ̴źڸ⡣żȻģ˵бҪ˾
˭֪һôҵִôҪһСС̻ᣬֱشһ׶٣
ֻϴʾԺҲ᷸ˡ
ĪǱȽĴˣٳ죬Īϴлμϯ˳ſͷӣֻΪ˽ĳˡ
Īϴų˵Գر棿
ѵƭǰɣ뿴ɻЦЦ뻳һͣһϻӾͳ־ͰϻӸ򿪣һŽɫĹӳǰΧһɵϢ3ɼҩɹɹ
˵עʱ
ҿɲݵʱһĿⶼ
ɼҩȻǰɼҩ3ǿȣʵڷǳ򵥣
м˼ҩͲˣ־óһβ˸еľأ
Īϲһˣʸμӳ磬һǳҫмֵ飬ֻǲμӳܲ׼һ¼ĪϸҲƷһİɼҩǰ
Īϻûü˵
СӣⱦҩҰɣһĿ߹ͷӸԪʯҲԪʯ
Ī϶ʱˣգ㡭
ĪһǧԪʯλпյ̬ʮᣬ˵ֵһĪϣ˭ҸǿСԺ󺣺ȫ
¶ɫĪϾܷŭȴƺԴ޿κΡ
ݱҲˣﶮþ̣ѹһŻͷĿѣط˭ͱ̫ƽˡ
һǧԪʯ
һǧԪʯֵİɱҩֱǿǹûʲô
ոѳԼŹӵʱŹӾѾ֮ˣ

ɷߵǰ
΢΢һЦ˵ɲ̫ǣ
ߣƲԳԷƵСӣ
һˢóĵҪѳϻӵֱۿϣ赭дָһУǱǯȻ
Ҳҷͣ
Ԫͬʱһָ⵶Ƭ㱬鿪ȫȥ˲佫ᴩʮ
һ״ܡ
췴һƣǶ鿪˲ѳʮףĽ˺ˮ棬ԽѪҺ罦ˡ
ɫ䣬׼ͷԪꡣ
ᵯ˵ָؿǴͱףȫδ֪֮鿪Һŵڵϣ㷴֮ûС
Χ޲¶Ȼ֮ɫ
պôʿȻ˲һ
⼸ɵľֻϣһ΢С£ûж࿴һۣתͷͶĪ˵ǿԺúý𣿡
ˡ
ಢ⣬Ŀ֮±¶ֻ˵оԵţոյķӳȷʵʸ߱ţ
Īʿˮ˵ֵߣµ֮پϡ
ȴҡҡͷ˵ҿ԰㣬ֻһСС󡣡
ʲô󣿡
ҶʮֵĽѵôõĻᣬϣܰæҲǵĳ
ô򵥣
Ȼô򵥣
ĪϱҪȥǵģ˳һӣ̫ע⡣


574 
ǽ䱸ɭϣ
˵һɿ
ǸѪӥĴӪвС𣬳ҴҡڳѪӥľҪԭѪӥ̫ǿ󣬳žʱܣǵĳʵݾ͸¶鱨²ĴͷȥԸּǿ߻ǲòġ
һСĿܾͻᴫʧܡ
Ѫӥһ
һ򣬸ǻɭֵһ֣
ǹϵһֽɭԺ鷳ֵ࣬Ŀǣ첻ò벻ŭ
ԷǳŻݼ۸ҩ͸ĪϣĪΪѳʱԼ̻ᣬǼʶʶʢ磬ĪǧǧҪ£˭Ҳ
쵱ȻŹͬˡ
̶ӾͿʼǡ
ǷǳܣǸַͽƾ;ʮһһѺսʿڵִڲ
һУֱںֽ߽Щɴֱӽˮ£ľҲ廨ŵģгٶȴ̵Ĺսʿײбҵսʿʮ𲽵ľսʿ
ϺзҲʤ֮ĺ壬ֶǡ
һչʾຣ񣬵ϻǿεģȫһֻһֻзֱߣ׼ȷǸֺ̬Ľϡ
ǲΪɭĳС
ﲻ羰ڲͬĶطϣǱݼޣԸУɭֵĺԭʼ鱼š
ҹɡ
ǰһǳĺݣÿһݶ൱һҸߵķӣ䲼ȫմ½ϰģ˲вӦĸо
Ĵſʼ
׼ȥһ䡣
㿴ǰǸ޴ڹ𣿡ĪҡҡָŲԶһмʮ׸ߣ׳ľڹ˵Ǿľ޹꽻ˣ޹̻̻ᣬǶҪǸȤȥ䣬㹻ԵҲ˵
˼
ֱ޹꽻޹꽻ռлҪһ㣬ЩˣΪ޹꽻Ϊ֣һǾ޹̻ύнһǶ⿪ŵɽнָǽҪ۵ƷмۣɽȫŸˣ̯ɽס
޹꽻ֵƷԴ
ɭֺ½Ҳģ˵Ҳɽ漣̻˵ŷǳҪ塣
Соʲô̧ᣬ̸ָһ򣬱ʾкö
㷢ʲô
Сܵһ̯λǰ̯һһĹˣһ㶼ȽϿ࣬֫Ƚ϶СٺȽϽӽȴһӲǸӲǹһ֣ͬĹһҪҲڳɳĹбԽԽ̣ܹպ͵
̯λһЩ̳Щι״ɺЩ¾ɹϵȥƺûκעĿĶСȴһƷᵽͬѰζǺȻһſǳصӡ
İʶɨ˼飬ҲһЩߣӦһԶ޵ڵħȫͬĸһڵ߱ߵļֵöڵϢӦòȳռѷնɱ
Ȼˡ
Ϊʱ̫ĹϵʯʶȽϵ΢ĻȻ޷ֵ
һֱʣʯͷô
һãȻȻɴ಻ˣͳʮԪʯ˼ҡͷּӼ飬˻ҡͷ
˾ַһּۻۡ
ӵٿԪʯʱ¶ı飬˫ҪһֽǮһֽʱͻȻ䱳һǳдԶҺܶŮһڵҪˣ
ʱŭ
˭Ӻ£
һķǳŮ߹һϵߣӯˣѩۣһͷ˿㷢΢΢Ųڱϣʣòȫ
˵ȴһ˫ȡ
Ůһ˫Ʒ㾧Өĳȣţʲݣߣһָ߸ϵĸоŮ˾е
ʲôˣŮöˣûκʧ̬󵽵ĵ㶮ʯͷѾˣ
Ů¶֮ɫôֱ˵һצڵкܸߵļֵҷǳҪҳԪʯҡ
ʲô
˲ΪԼˣ
Ů˵ĳЩƻϺΪܼ©㲻Ҫĵˡ
ıƢʱˣŮ˸ҿңҪ˵ǮĻӻ㣿붼û˵ԪʯǺãҾͼһң
ӴռֱͳӳԪʯ
ŮҲܳԾ㡭
Ǻݺݱһ
װؼ򵥵࣬ȻſھҪӼһԪʯһͨʿ˵һԪʯʹһӲԺˣ
գգ۾ǿԽ𣿡
ԭʼôŮüͷһ壬ͳ߸ӷڵϣҳԪʯ
붼ûͳһ򣡡
ŮѾʼЩŭݺݵĵһۣԪʯ
ʮ򣡡
ʮһ򣡡
ʮ򣡡
˶㻥۸񣬽ڵ۸񣬿ɳһ㶼Ҳһ㶼ãеǮҸҾֱۣ
ŮɫԽԽס
ƺǳԣһһԪʯ˵Ͳʲôһ
Ůǿſ챬ĳ嶯ͳһԪʯڵϣѾ΢΢ЩˣʮԪʯ
۸Ѿ̧Ȼڵֵǳ󣬵ҲҪģǼ亱Ŀռޣڵ۸㳴һ򶼲֡öڵˮԣЧѾˣ۸ˡ
ʮ򣿡
һмڴһͣͻȻסˡ
ûˣ
ԼžʹʮԪʯκκһԶһС֣û뵽Ȼвʱ
ƫƫʱûˣ
Ůƺ쾽ȣ˵òͲҪˣɣ
һò첻̵ǱŮСƣǵţһʱ䣬ҰԪʯ˻
˭˷ʱ䣡Ůһһ仰
ѾԪʯˣٵ˵ѾҪֻԪʯϽѸŮ˽ס
Ůӵų죬һתˡ
һŮˣ
Գ˵ֱܴ谡
Ů˵ʲôе࣬ǳܹоԷвѰϢӦòŶԡ
һóʮԪʯˣԲһ򵥵Ľɫ
ôҲû˼ٹȥˣֻûصù˯ȥǵĳ


575 ۹
ٰ磬ǳʢ¡ؽգ
ÿһߣȫԼɫ޵ĿŷγţͰͰƺʳһһ˵ۿڣ̻ҹװλͷ׵磬ʯƾ߰ѳе׺ķƽƮžζ͸
ȻҪ껹Ҫ¡غܶࡣ
ǲƸûǶ࣬Ϊǽļѣ»Ѿһͷˣʱ۾ܹԽġǳз̶ȲѷɫɭκһУ޴ۿڸһóģøظķ׷̣ÿµܴﵽһĿ
ϣ¾ͿóףܳΪõģδڲƸϳԽҲǲܵġҲΪǺóٰʱ򣬸ظǰز׳
һһȵĽҲΪϵҪʱ̡
Īϴų컺߽ǻ㹬Ѿ֪ǵͳ壬һĺ壬ɫʵ壬Ǹ㼸Ѿˡ
ʽʼˡ
㹬ǧͬʱ磬Ͱյλݸߵͽ֣ĪϽֻǸۿһȽϳˣطϵλµˣ˱Ե

ݺŽֺ
ʮλ׵Ů߳ȫžƺһεµ룬Χӿľˣʱ̶ûһ
Ҷ֪ⲢĲΣһλصǿɢƺѹȣּǿ߾ȫ½ҲǸ֣ǸֻһǾ
ǸеǣǿƱ߳ģȻһİݡ塢ͷҰ׵
ɣǵĳ쿴ͷҷЩȵؽ˵еһλŮôȻһ̫ţ
㡭Īϲ㱻ΣæĴһȻϽԳ˵㲻Ҫô
ʼ˵ʲôҲ
ĪͻȻЩڰһˣεȸˣȷ
нľ֮ˡ
ں˵˵ʲô
Ŀ΢΢һûκγϷŪƳܻͨ꣬򾳽Ԫ÷һо״ֻ̬;ƿʱŻѸ˥ϵļλϳ˵µģھ඼ѹƣ˼ｲ
˵˵˵˵ĪϱӶ챻ˣͱôˣҪҿҪϳȥˡ
ˣˣ֪ˣ췭ۣѣӼȻƾ㻹ҸϳȥԺǲһ䣺ͷǆ£
ϳϱʽʼˡ
ӥ̶ɫöף룡
Ԫ̶Ƥʮ飬ף룡

·׷Ϻ񣬸ۻҵıѴˣнƷа˾ŸĪͳĶѶ棬ҲֻһеȻɫ
ʹǶĪүǹĿ࿴
һͳ3ɼҩһܹģǵдĻʵſԡ
Ī϶Դ˸еܲѣܹǵע⣬˵ǷǳҪģⳡ粻մ⣬Ҫǽ˻Ӵƽ޷Ӵˣһ˵ĽȦǳȵġ
ڲ֪ԭô
Щ½̻ᣬкܶͨСٵһսСû뵽Щ˾ȻԶܵס
ΧҵʱһͻȻ֣ȫΧƵ߳
Ǭ۹ˣٰͨѣ3ҩʮ꣬ףٳ
һȫˡ
Ǭ۹ˣȻǲ
½ܹΪ۹мƽƽӹӹ֮Ǭ۹ǿ֮һּǿ㶼˸սģ
ǴǬ۹ĻߣͬʱιʦְλȨأλ󣬿һĹҪΪ֮ףȴףٳôô
ϳŵ۾ͻȻߴأɽϪСܲǬ۹
һԾЦ۹Ĵʹ֮һĲɯܶܲϷأ
˵䡣
Ӵﱬһɳǿƣȵ㸲˷˲Ͱϳ룬һڹеߴ̨ÿһ͸һ֣·һֱӵĸо
ǿͷ֮򾳽ʿûпܶԿ
Ǵ
һѧ߷š
һλ߱߷ŵѧߣ޲ʱ˲ţο˻һλ򾳽ǿߣʵ治ǴǬ۹Ĺʦ
˸𾪵ǣ˳ƺп۹ˣ
Щʣ۹ܳ𣿡
۹֪Īü˵۹ǿһ۹ֻǰǰһзֱѾɺüҲѾʵ˵У۹λʹѵ֮һϢ̫ˣ
۹ǿʢ
ûб֫⣡
Ϊ۹߽⣬ʧȥ֧ҳһƬΨ̫ƽ˭ǵ۹һλλȨصʹ仰ҪǴ˵˻̫ţǴ˵ûɲš
˺εȵλź˵˵ô
ϳɯĿһ˿âָֻŵ״̬ؿԼ˵Ĺʦǣ²ֻΪ˽¶ݰɣѾˣǻʲô⣿
ˣˬЦǰߣÿһڲɯѹͻһݣڻûߵʱһȫȥһʩѹȴһ߿º˵ϷǬ֮ף
ף
ʲôף
ȫɵˣò̫ŰɣǬ۵θҲ̫һ㡣
˼˵˵һλѪɯܶһǳΪһλɫˣǬȱһλȢ֮ӴܴǬӻ԰շ۹
ܣɯ붼û;ܾ˵Ǭۺ죬۹ܼ޵Ǭ۹Ȱİɣ


576 Զ
˺ûɯĻ
һߡ
Ʊøң
ɯƺܵ޴ѹȣȻɫԽԽѿˣѵǵĵ˺Ƥ𣿡
Ѳɯ£״̬ѾԽԽ⡣˻˵ûҪǵˣܼάڵķ𣿲һɽǬ۹ԱǺǺ壬⣬Ѿѡˡ
ɯ䣺ռѪͳ벻Ѵ֮ǣѵǬ۲Լ̫ˣǾ޷ֿǬ۹ԴǬ۹ľҺƣǬ۹ҪռҲһ׵ɣ
䡣
ʮֱֳΧڵĺսʿ׷ս׼˾ǿߵڱ˵ĵ̣вֹһǿߣɯʵͲ
һ㶼ŲæǳߣϷ־ܣǸץ𣿡
̫ˣ
Ȼ˵Ļ
ǴǬ۹ĹʦλȨءλǬ۹Žǰʮ·½һ
˭ҪǸץˣǴǬ۹½м֧ܹأûɣ
Ƕﲻ
ɯƷǳأ潻Ļ϶Ǵ򲻹˵ģҪ֣²ɯûа취رܡҪǣȴԣû´Ǭ۹Ĺʦ

úõһ䣬ȴΪ˹ϵȫζЩ̻ᡢСˣ˭ҹܴǬ۹£ֻܵʲôûʵʵĳԳԺȺȡ
˶ԼɵЧǳ⣬̬ҲǿӲҲ̹׵ظ㣬ǬҪһӵѪĺᣬҲǬȤغŦԴǬ۹սҪáǬ۵ּڴˣ˭Υб¾վ
ƺ׼ˡ
ʵԴǬ۹ʵҲûбҪ
ֱ˵˵˳ֻҪӻˣû˭һλȥǴƬ½

˶Ĭʱ򣬴ӴıԵһͻأֵ˲䣬̾Ͱ˵Ŀⶼ˹ȥ
ռ䷺𲨶
һʮصˣͻȻ˲Ƶ˺Ͳɯ֮䣬±ǿߵͬʱѹȣҲȻ治ɫԵĸǿߣֻᶯĵѡ
ռ츳
޲ɫ䡣
˵츳˾ѵĵӣѵ֪ζʲôôһͨͨ࣬ȻǬ۹Ļߣ
üͷһ壬ϵϢӿǿѹȫ죬Ҫʧˣ̩̹̩Ȼοͷˡ
ʲôˣ´켸ۣ治ɫ̩Ȼ˿²ǵ֮ЩɲСܹܵ˵ģ
漣죬ɭ˵ʹݻͬ˵ˡ򵥵ĽһԼòɯĿ΢΢һ˿âڵԵڻɭ֣˳綼Ϊɭֵһ֣ҿɲʲôǬʲôߣȾָߣɭ˹ȥ˵Ҹòùܣ
С֪ߵغ񣡡ɫһ಻ɣϷҪɱ練ƣ
𣿻ɣ컰һתɯôģ
ɯˡ
СǲӲƾʲôôƶǻᱣȻ漣ǵˣѾ֪׼ʮӢԻɭչϮôȻ֪飬ôӦף漣ǸƲģ
ΪܾȲɯε˵ɯƲǲ֢֮
һ
˽Դ󾪣
ر˺Ͳɯ֮ԸôţкܴԭΪɯѾ쵽;ƿݵĵزʣˣǸûӰ࣬Ҳ²ɯǬ
ɯָܻôɵ
ǾԶԶûа취Ǭ۹Ǭ۹ңԶ´Ǭ۹ĹǿҲ޳ĪҪ̸̲ף
˶ݵľ㵹Ц֪ɯǱʲôϷ򶼲ʲôѵϷᲢۣ
ͷӺܽ
ҲнıǮġ
ΪһλߣѧʶԨǷһ۹߶ûа飬һ֪ɽⲻЦô
ߴƶһζԶΣЦеĿˣҪɯԾС

˻ûб̬ļӲȻŭ־Ҫ췢𹥻ǴǬҲҪ֣һʲô˿㣣
飡
һͲӿ
̼ͱƵһߡ
ɯؿ˵ȻΪʲôһأ
˸ųܹκòɯˣЦЦ˵أ
㴦á
ãϷվͳһʶˡ
ͷӣ۾ˣĿ䵽ɯϣԶڴæûЯʲôôԴΪ׸ɯˣûпĻɯӦһ䣬ܹԴԴʴͬʱҲ᲻ϲأ˳˥ݽߣֻͨȡڵά˵Ķ𣿡
üͷ
ɯ¶֮ɫ
Ҫ˵ˣǲɯҲûбʲôϣģȴû뵽ྐྵȻһ۾Ϳ˽֢ڡ
˸еֵǣɯôͨжϣǲϺģΪ˥ԭܶ࣬ôһ¾뵽ȥأ
ʵҲ֪ܹ֮жϣк̶ܴϻΪǸŮ
쵱ʱѾоˡ
Ů࣬ûв´Ļһ壬ҴɢϢѪͳʵܲһ㣬пǾصпܾҪȥǬСŵ
ڵҪЧǻָ
ĻôŮ˺пΪڵԲŻôϧɱķӼۣٿɯڵ״̬˳󵨲²⣬ʹ²УҲǰ˾Ųʮģ
ͻȻ¶һЦݣɤ˵ɯʵΣֻұгϷһצԳƴаǮʱ˭֪ðһֳֶ񶾵ŮˣԼƴְöڵˣҪڵɹպЧԸ


577 ٶ
ǣ㹬
һ񻶯˵Ӱھ޴ζ˶ֳţڻŲջϣɫ˿ɢȴ޷ڸ˶ֳͪ塣
һǵŮӣȴһ࣬ϰ죬°벿ȴ
ƬǲһɫɫɫɫģŮȴǽɫۣÿһƬɢŲõĹԣ
ֻ۹ѪͳӵеɫƬɫԽӣ˵ѪͳԽǿŮȻһֱϵĺ
û
۹
Ȼ֪Լǹ۹֪ȴ࣬Ϊʼ۹ѾʼˣȻΪѪĵ㣬ǲûܹеСͱɯ
۹ֻһЩţǸпм˽⡣
ԼѪͳڼҫѾûʲôָѾӡ
Ψһľǣɯڰ۹ʱսܹǳصƣѾ쵽;ƿݡ˥ĵزβܽɯκأ
ڵܻݽߣȴվ޷ıһ״
ܹ£һŮϽȥ
ɯžȻȥͬѰ
⣬˶ѪͳѲѣ˲ɯýʽϳֱ𲻱Ҫ鷳رǽ죬˵һ۹ĴˣǳģΪ˾͸¶ˡ
ڲɯȴйȥ
һǳʲôˣ
͹ȥ
ɫ⻪һʵͷ𷢶Ʈչ°ʼķԵ۾Ȼʧˣ޳ѩ׵ĳӯڵϣƷ˿̲סҪղغǻ
̬ǹ̶ġ
Ϊ㣿ˣҲ㣡
ߵǿ״̬лģڵ״̬ûɣʵʵڵıһ̬ṹ
ܴ֮
Ŀ׷ˢˢҲ֪λݣʱ˿һȫһֱ޵ĸо
ܶĿĸоʮֲӦرȺһоǿѹȸкв
˵֪
һǴǬ۹˵ˡ
üͷ΢΢׼ɯڵʱ۾͵صɵùԲΪվڲɯԱߵ˲ǱˣþǸɶ࣡
ô⣡ܶʱ쵰໨ôԪʯһûأ㵹Լˣ
ܲ񡣡ɯؿԼλ漣ǵĳ죡
ӶʱһƬհס
죿
ǳ죿
漣ڻɭ룬Ƭûм֪漣ǵĴˣоһ漣̶һ겻ʱѸٵ𣬾ȻѾΪܹӰɭֵҪڡ
ǹһ˿΢ЦȻϣŮˣЦؿܹ£û뵽ֳ棬ĻҾͲ˵ˣھͰѰצڵóɣ
㣬㡭
ܲ㱻쵰̡
ܣøɣɯȼ˵Գƿҵˣһöڵ˵ֺҳأ
ŭɢ֣ȴֳĻ֮ɫƾ㣿ҿں˵˵
£ô˵ɾͲˣһϵơ˵Щʱ򣬻һЦеӣû˿ȸпԣλߴǴǬ۹׼ץȥǻʵ۵Сŵģ
ɫ䣺ʲô
ɯزûж㡣õģǵ߸ҶԶģֳֻκòɯĲߴ˾͸ԾĹߵݣӦòԶŰɣ쿴Žܼ˵ҿѺȥѵúúøл𣿡
ܱ˵˺ðΣȿ˿ֿ˿ɯǵķӦͱѵô£
ûʲôϵΪʲôҪðأ
ûа취ֻðѰצڵó졣
Ź
ڵǳصͷֶϵС꣬Сڵֱһҧ棬ڵҧһ顣˶ʱĿɿڴһǷ˰ɣôۣòװڵŪ־ͶԼʳá
ܶʱһϵƭĸо쵰ƭӣ
˶һֱˣĸоһЦڴһļһôճ
˼أҸеǳˬȫȻ°빦ûƭǡڰ˵ǿʼɣ
ֱӱһѲϵ
Щϼֵǳȴر𺱼ǵܹģȻЩѾ㹻ˡЯһ¯óְѲȫȥ̾ͿʼƵҩ
˿̲סɯľɼܹô׽Ҳֲ֮֡
Ҫ˵̫硣һ߿Ƶ¯ҩһ˵ʱӵ⣬Լ򵥷ɽ⿪

Ȼ¯ͳֱһС֦һСƬǣͶ뵤¯ֿ֮ʼ
Ȼһӵ¯ͷų
Ŀ֪ոռӽȥʲôϣҲֲ֪Ͽ϶ǲһġ
ֹһӡ
ĵ¯ƣһöƵĵҩڳǰŵҩ̺ǿ֮ĳַǳ
˵
Ƕɵˣ
һﲻڿЦɣ
ɯ˲һ죬һٶ갡һٶʱٶıҲΪʲôԻһǧڸոѾнľ֮ˡ
ſ˵ԵģƷҩûа취Ťת
οɯȻʴʹ㹻ǿҩҲܷãõĲϾ󣬾һЩȽռʥҩҲı䲻˲ɯڵ״
˿ͻȻúܿЦ
Ȼôһ׳նԶģ
ֱΪλλһ۵㰡
Ҳǵ۾ȻһʼͲ̫ţ˵漣ǵĳ֮ǽһ˿ϣڻɭִ漣漣˵Ҳﴴ漣
˭֪쾹Ȼ˶Ϸ
һöòͨʱݵĵҩνɯŵİ缲
ϷŪ𣿡ɯĿҲЩĪǵڳ˶ɵӣ
˫ֻǰɯγ죬ôҲڶһ֡
ôģ
ҩЧҵ漣ǹ㡣˵仰ʱòɯƤ΢΢һȻǻɭڲˣȴҲ֪漣ǵļֵ˵ҩЧҲҪˣֻҪ̳߲ڻɭֵĲӣǼɭˣ㿴Σ


578 ˵
ɭ뱻ʮ徫һ֧ݺӵɭæ٤սʱ֧ݷĲʱܱͱһǺܴвԶɭɲСʧӰ졣
ҪȰ˵˱
ɯȻ֪ĿģԳеʮ־̾˸ҹһǣ治ɫİ漣ó벨ɯԶģѾǶԼųǿţֱʤȯգΪû
ôеǣô͸ġ
벨ɯô˵
ɯûٷϻȡҩŵĴۣȻ֪öҩЧôǽƵҩַ˵ֱиɻģƾһ㣬˵һʦ
ɯڴҩЦ˵õģһҶ¶
ֲɵ
ǰѲɯˡ
ǺŻһѷӿɭ֣
ɯ̷ҩ̾ÿһ䣬ȫ͸ͻȻһִѩĸоЩƹ֮Ȼİ֮£ŵٶѸɢ
ЩɢͬʱһɰȻڻЩʧȻԻٶȿʼָһнеˮɣûκεĲѣֱͼӰЧ
Ŀɿڴķ֣ɯϵףͻȻָһƤɿݵƤõĵ棬ڻĻָһ˿Ժ
񼣣
ֱ񼣣
⡭ⲻܣ
˲Լ۾
һöҩȻĲЧˣЧͼӰЧǴ˵еҩôܣ
ûʲôܵ飬ߴǸöѧϰ࿴ˡĿǲ޳ҪӣŲͷأȻ͸ɯ˵ݺЧôⳡľ־ӮˣߴǲҲӦԼĳŵˡ
˴ŭ֪Сˡ
Ըķ䣡̼Ľô˿أ
ɯҲǿѹͷϲڵƺҲѾˣĹʦĻ¶֮۰ɣ
ʲô취
ɯһתĻвѾδʮ껹ɲɯ쵼ɯ쵼֮µܱռȡģ
Ǭ۹вѹȱˡ
û뵽Сôа취֪ˣֱӶ־ǣҲͲô鷳ˣ
ãããӢ۳ꡣ֪ѾֲˣһߣȥϷףزɯָǻ£ʹ˸ˣ
߲ͣ
֪Ҳȡ裬˵ʹż˺ί뿪ˣôһλõ۹ߣڳǰ˱񣿣
ÿһ˶¶ŵı飡
˶һֽȵ۾ų졣
߶Գ޷飬Ȼ׾ٽˣѵ˵˱߻ҪȻѧʶԨĽǶʮ˼Ȳһ죬Ҳȷʵкܶ취ɯǾһ˵ǶȡɵֶΡ
ĹУһ֦һǾܹɵƽһ֦֮ܽ͸֧һֲ
Ϊ˷ȡͼӰЧ
Բɯ˵һǳľϲ
ٳ꣬ɳҵʱ䣬ѹθԴͲϣϧɱʹܣԼ֮㹻ʵϳλá
ҲǶԻɭַҪԭ
Ϊ٤ɯŵ٤ǣסɭ˵һսƷȫУ٤ֺȡһ˵飬ǵȻûɲˡ
ĳ֡
һоͶ˱
ɯǰʢ磬ֱӰѳڿʼ˾͸Գݽ̸ˡ
˵˰ɡ
һڴһ裬÷ǳǿʼ˵
ϣܹɭˣֻҪǵļˣôĺϴСС򶼻ΪһԱôȵǸʱɭ˽һɭ֡ĸߵءɽ롢ĳټⲿĸǿǬ۹ҲҪɵ֣
ɯûмѡ񣺡ڹˣϲκԼǶǺ壬һɭɵˣЩ̫װɣ
˵ɭ˻ЩԼõĺôԣԼһᣬڲɯȺǾ͸ֵһˡɭ˲¸ӺͶԣ²ӲΪһǵĺűȻܹռȻ
ɯ˵˵ƾ
֪˵һûôףܹóʵǺαؼɭˣǱʵͲһ۹Ĳǿĺţɭ˺úúһˡ
ɯǷһֱĴɻ󣿡Ȼתƻ⣬ΪʲôôҡڵĳǣҺܻĶײˣ
ɯ˵Ըꡣ
Ϊ콫һ֧ϣ漣ǶҷĿռ䴫;ᣬκ޷ΣգֻҪ̼䴫ͶߣкʵθǿڱܵϣҲǺܵġ
ȻĶ
ɯ¶ȵı顣
һ仰òɯе𾪣˵ڲ漣ǣɭѾüʮ鲼ĴڵҲ˵֮Ѿͨһȫʵʱ͵
ɯ˼
⴫ɭ˵ıɽһǣĴɭЩδȻڼʱͣɭ֮⣬ڵصǵĵ̣ҲΪʲô٤˳ӵԭڡ
˵Ȼһת
ĴͷͻͽΨԭ̤ɯʲô뾫Ǿһɭһͳȫż浰֮⣬ʲɯĸô
ɯѾĬ
Լ˵Ѿ࣬վͳϣɭ˵ĽԼĴķչ棬ϣɯܾҴ𸴣Ծڴˣиǣ
˵Ĵҡ뿪ˡ
ϸ漣Ǳиͷĸı䣬칤İ칤еĿУ廨ң𾪡
漣Ǻõɭָе䷶
ɭѾʼʱҵԱѧȵȣȻþδʱһϯ֮ء
ɯֻҪ΢еӾӦ棬ɯֻҪǸ˾Ϳ϶ֵסջ


579 ƻ
һ
ⶼǴСܽģΪʵ̫ĹϵɯѡȡһЩɭ˵ҪԲģ漣̻ķչʷɳȵȣЩͶȥˡ
ɭ˵򵽹һЩ漣ǵƷķﻹһͲŻأⶼǽϲĶ˽ܶ漣ǳȤֻ漣ٶ̫ˣɭָ嶼֪漣ǵôģһֱǻɭֵδ֮ա
ЩǾϰ
ܽ˾ѻԺú˽漣ǡ
Ҫ֪ܶϸ£ЩȻǳϽްˮֻŪ٣漣̻ᴴɭ˴չ̣ȫЩҵһҹʱϸϸжһ顣
漣ÿһμͻƣ漣ÿһο·漣ÿһ̱ʽĽȫǷǳļЩ档
ܶ漣̻ķչʷֱǶ˳ĸ˴ǣΪ漣̻ĳɳԼÿһͻƣȫϢϢءǳֱƶġ
ӵǻѵ޾Ĳɣôһеķأ
ذϿʱѾȫˣɯܷ䣺㿴ô
Ϊ漣̻ҪѾһҵ۹Ҫ׸ıĸ֣Ǳ֮󣬿³󡣡һڴ˵ں߻һƬհףܱ𲽣δ϶ǴпΪģΪǿԸɵģ
ɯͷ
˵ûд
ɭĿǰܺȻһ壬Ǳ˴ֱ˿ռ䣬ÿһԱɷƣȴԼʺϱصķӦ˵ǱȽϿġ
ܽɭˣ´Ǭ۹вô
ɯ˼˵£һ뷨֪ô
΢΢һ㶣ɯʲô뷨
ɯԽ˵仰ɫʱǵͨ죬û뵽ɯⷽľһʱҲò⡣
Ȱѳ
뿪

һСʱ֮󣬵㹬ʱɯӰǰÿ϶װһų׼ÿһʵģӦǸոմ
΢΢һ㶣ǣ
⼸٤簲ǵԱ̽
ɯһȫɱ٤ˣҲֱ̬ȣǷɭϣǶѾ٤ƲϵǡǡǳҪԳĿѾﵽˡ
һɯһȷѡ񡣡
ЧѾ̶¶ɯưٷ֮ʮʧƤ»ָԣĸɱ»Ұ׵ͷڿҲںһЩ
ȻΪܴ̫صĹϵɯȫָ״̬ԭнľ˥ģڵĲɯҲһ긾ˣѾͬնˡ
ûڲɯߣڲ
֪ݺΪ֮ѾĿ࿴ˣֻǲɯ飬ʵеЩݣֻöһԹ
漣ǵ׻ܴ漣漣ǵ׾߱ôǿǱ
ҪǳΪɭһԱ϶кôġ
⼸׼Ϊκҵ缲ıǳŵɭˡɯ˵Ǽɭ˵飬ѾˣǿԼɭˣǵһ
һ
ʮû⡣
ǱΪֹǳ֣ȴǼɭˣ϶ջˣ
ɯʲô޷̸ʱһЩˣⷽԼа취ЭġǼҪǵļˣɭ˽ȹ̣
붼û˵ǳˬ˵ɯֱ˵޷
ΪѧԨߣδȻǰ;ɯȰѳݺݵһͨƨŲͼ۹ĴѪѾ꣬˲ŵ㣬ûһͽһһùޣһȹ˵Ĺϵ
ʲô
Ϊɯȡʲô棬벻ĻҪȢλ㹫Ƿ漣ǵʱǵñӨӨ˺ʮ˿ģ
УУϽҡͷܾ˵ˡðǸͳ࣬ϲһرǺ壬ҪҾܽܡ
ɯɫһ壺幫һ䲻㣿
̹˵ʵδˣˡѴ
˲ţֻҪӭȢܹΪޣɼҲȫġɯ˵һ⣬Ϻҫݾܾ裬ܣҲ޷ͬˡ
ģȻŸң
ᱻвˡ
챩ƢһˣȢ˭Ȣ˭ȢòűţɯҪǿѣûʲô̸ģȸǰɣ
ĿѾﵽ
ɯնɱ٤ˣ٤糹׾ѣڼӲˣҲһʱ
ͳһ֧ռҪ
˭֪ʱɯгһõأһƬΧǹȥոհѾͳֻһɾĹ̼ͱˣƮ䵽ɯ
ѾЩŭˣɯҪˣ
ӦǵôֻǶסպúһˡɯ˵ˣѳȥú侲侲
ΪѾɯѹסˣϾɯǿߣԥʵ̫󣬳ǰз֮ϾᱻѹιˣȻʮ嶥ִ֮£ֱӱһ
ɯ˼
ߣǾͳɻ飡һӴǰɣ
ǰԣû뵽ᱻסЩɣѵ˳̫ӢҲһִô
㹫ȷʵǡɫ㡣
ֱƻ鷽ǳ޷ܵģҲɯŰѽܼ޸һǿг漣ǵǱһǽǬ۹ܷìתƣǳʲôĿʵĻǲģ˵ﻹӨӨȥȢûӨӨҲܡ
ûܱƳ顣
챻￪ʼıߣȻΪסȻڣҪĻǿ¶һս֮ȰСɳȥ͵ؾᣬֱӴͷ漣ǡ
׼ʵʩƻʱ
һͷ𷢵Ӱ߽òǣǽܣһۣĿЩŭھ˵Ǿᣬ͵͵Ӳɯóģ
ɯһ֧ݹ
΢΢һ㶣ǣ
Ϊ޸㣿ܺݺݵɳһۣ͵߲ɯŵľᣬҲҪȥ漣Ǳһܷͷ㲻ܾɡ
û⣬û⣬;м֧أ
߰ɣ
ʱһ͵Ĺâʧ̼ܹ֮ȥɯɯֻǵ˵һ䡰֪ˡûٹˡ


580 ƻ
ͽ뿪͵㡣
ڼ˵е漣֮ǡ
漣ǵķѾѷɫǣҪһ漣ǺȻóģǺóף漣ȴǿռóףͬն
о漣ǵϣ֪漣ǵĿռóԶԶκһó֮ϣ漣ǵ漣̳һȺ˵֮£ڻѾǻɭֵľ޴УκʻƷ䶼˲ɵġ
漣ǲҪӴ̶ӡҪģ׳۵ĴӣֻҪռֿ⣬ÿռվ㽫һжÿռú壬Чʳɱն͡
ޱޱĹһռֿ⿪ʼ漣̻ѾӵпռֿǧÿٶȲţаٷ֮ʮ漣̻רģٷ֮ʮΪŲֿ⣬Щ飬Щ俪ʹá
漣̻ӨӨָ֮£漣̻ĹҵѾʼ3.0ʱǰֱܹͨ漣̻ͨѾʼ̭ܹռݱԽԽָ࣬ǿռܻ
ռܻܹͨкܶơ
˵漣̻һЩصأѾ½½ռܹĹҵˮƽѾҪרŵͲϣΪֿһռֿ⣬ʯɣٵټӹ͵ն˹һɲƷйҵϴԼƷ䣬ȫǳǶ
̿ռֿԲɣ
漣̻ǿĵط
ǣֺó׷ǵٶմ󡢺ľͿռΨһƾǿÿװǳرʺж̾䣬۵ԭϡ
ó⣬漣룬ɭὨڴˣûɭδҵġġģԶֻһ漣ǣ
ͽйһìܣ֮ҳݣ͵͵˻컹Ǻܸмģ˳һ߸ܽ漣Ǹһ߸źʱͲҪˣɽˮʲôȱұ֤ҪǷḻʣ
漣һĻĻ˼Ļ棬ýѾĿӲϾˣблҪ档
ȻģҲ˭ĳСԽ˵Ҫ漣Ҫ׼һЩ񿨣һֻȵȡ
һãȻ񿨣
漣˵֤ÿһ漣ǵĳϢҪⴢģ󶨾޷α죬ÿ˶ԡ񿨵ĺôܶ࣬罨漣˻Ժ漣ɭѹ֣ȫκԪʯֻԼרĳ񿨾Ϳˡ
ܵͷ
ǿ̫ˡ
ֻһͨѶߣҲ漣΢Щλ˱رƷ伯ɵֻѾ൱ƣܹ漣ǵϢ磬ֱֻ漣̳Ʒɹأ
漣ǵֻô÷չݻѾǳˡ
ǰֻǵоɹٶȸ졢ǿͨѶźŸãþзϵͳùܱԽԽĿ
ѽܴСǰȸСһ龭
СԽݺܳԾҲоܵļֵȽ۹Ĺڳ漣棬ҲͶγɽһԼǺҪһˡ
ܹһ漣ǣȻҪúдһСޱޱҹޱޱ˵ռҪˣøһ٣ܹɡ
ޱޱϲ棬ͷϣȻҲϲ⣺ܽ㣬ұ֤ᰮ漣ǵġ
뿪˳Ǳ
С¶׺ݵıų죺ȥһǣֹһ㹫
ԩС㣬ⴿ⡣
ˣ˵ˣвɯ̬ͳŵ漣ǣвʱõġ迴Ҳɲ٣Ͼͷһʯͷڷ£ɭ˿ԼоԸ٤Լˣûк֮ǵĴͷ٤ǿվҲ޷Ʒɭˡ
ӹɵġ
٤ĳƷɭˣЩڵصµĳʱʱɧţҲԸɭ˴ֹ鷳˵ͻȻͣһ£ҿɲϣǵĵϺŰҽ鳹׽вΨɭ˲˳չ
ײ費û⣬̫ˣ٤رңԶǵľӸûа취ִ棬ֻܹķء
һǸһռ֮ˣ
ɫȻһߡ
ռ˵ˣռŵĹڴʵ࣬ǴǸʹõĴ͹ߣռȺԵĴ͹ߣǰ߽򵥣ɱҲ߽ܵͣ츴ӣɱ޴
һ׿ռŴĽۣ֮¶֮ɫ֪Ǿѿ֮ȫҲֻܹǿһ׶ѣЩ֮촫ĻԶɭ˷չ𵽾޴ֵ
΢΢һЦ˵ֻҪܽжд̣ôһʲôأǵĿƼѾԽԽˣδ֮Ҳǿɵġ
Щţ֮ۿɣ
һЦС㰡С㣬Ҳвʱ򡣡
ݺݹšһѣЩȵʵ˵ô֮۶漣̻̫ˣ漣̻ȡ֮;ǳޣֻܴżѰңߴӸԼ߰۸չȻȻϡȱɴսԲ֡
漣Ǽֵ̫ˣ
ǳһܹ֮۵İ취ô漣̻ܿܳɭ֣ӵ½䣬Ӱվ
Ҳӣ֮Ǵģϵôڵҵۣ֮ȫǱǴ½ģǳϡȱôֻҪβǰ⣬漣̻أ
󳡣
󳡣
Ŀʱ԰ôû뵽أ漣̻ǰûнǿƼͼԿͧħ޵ķû취ģһˣ漣̻ĹԽԽǿܹǿĿսƾǿԴΪʲôܳ⣿
΢΢һЦôǲһţ
ʡʡɣһۣ˵ռֻ֮ҵľҲѳô⿪Ŀ˭أ
ޱޱ𣬽ܸɣѾˣ澡ˣͰ񽻸ǣޱޱһҪɵȥһ׼˼Ѫһ˷ܣأ漣̻Ϊǲɭ˵־ڱصã˵ǷǳҪҸӨӨԼҪǾٰġ
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ҴŵѧߣӾɽǧټ漣ǱصͶҾӦùˡ
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漣ѡһʵأռ֮žͽ档ѧһѿռ֮ŵͼȻٶҳֽÿһҳֲùʼʩ
漣ǻȳ쿪ʼռš
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˳٤ŭӶԵرĽЩڴ۸ӵĵ϶Ǽʱ̳ɭκεطɭ˵ĸгͷ
٤ķ͵ϮԻɭɺܴӰ죬ɭ㹻սʿ͸֣ǶԴû٤߸壬ǻһ취ûС
翴һս֪ȥ˳ʧԽԽôЩԼ˲ɣвɭ˵ȶԡ
Ŀռ֮ûô콨ãڱ뿿ȶ֡
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ӥʺȻλӥЭѪӥͬʱʮƺ׼ȫܹԴܹʵ޷ôǿ
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漣̻ʱɢҥѪӥӥʹϵѾʶˣЩ鲢ȫûӵļһ
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ӥ˾Ҫ漣ǾԲģ
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ڰѰά־ȶĴͷȫͨ٤磬˹ĳзһ̶ǣ٤ľˡ
ӥۼ»һѪսӦñ潻սһЩеľٴ룬ȰЩ鶼ѹȥȻʼӥ飺ǵġƱߡоô
⡮ƱߡǽṹǳӵĵΪѶȺܸߣԼϷǳϡȱϵھʮö֪ЧôûвԹ
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ġϹƼ׼ԼԵʮ˷ܣһӥľըϡã
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羵ӱҪһƬ磬Ȼȫը˿ʱͷѾޱȴ̶ļХ췣ͧĵըҪˡ
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漣̻һֱϾ͸ڸָ߿ըɫԭΪϣο漣̻ڶԭ;뵱ϳʱѲͬնÿһŶ߱ǳֲƻԶԷԲĿЧɱˡ
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Ʊ漣̻зһֵгɷֺͽṹǳӣһӡŸķЧҪʹֹͣڻܻʱΪʧȥѭôͻᱻ̼̻Ӷܹ׻顣
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ʮĺɫǴܽУЩսÿһҶװ˸ֶԴŨɵĳը̾ǣ˲һһĢơ
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ʮսһͷƽԼٶȴӥ֮;һըʹһöƱһͷٴΰѽһӣҪ׼ߣȻʱǷ濪ʼַӦˡ
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ϹһЩӥȻ࣬ﵽɫٶȣ򾳽ϲſԣмǿأħޣĳЩ츳ĳħޣѰ3ħҲ׷Ϻɫġ
˫ҪԽԽԶɫżҶΪ֮ززʱ˭֪ͻȻ׷ĶгһӰٶԱκһӥֶҪ漣ǵĺɫսҪ졣
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ںɫսϣ˲Ͱָȥһ顣
漣̻ڵĻܼҲֻܷǿߵļιǵסǿߵĹģϹƷӦ죬ʱܿѱ١
ļһ
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ͦԪǹʼ˷ɨ䡣
ֹǿϣȻһЩԪģǶʱھվϹҲûа취ͻġ
ӥ˫һץͻȻǿԪ͵ǰͶ˳ȥ˲仯ɺɫ룬籩ȫϹڵ
˵ǰла취ܣôֹǲܶ㿪ġ
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ӥһߣɵһս׼ȥѰʱȴȫѾܵûӰˡ


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жȡԲɹʵҪ鱨úãӥսʼչϮ֮ǰѾʼͨȥӥսϣܹ׼ӥսҪһҪε
һͻϮûжӥӰ죬ȻӥսĴȷʵǳ޴ģӥսһʳﴢûˣƱػӥսɾ޴ֻš
ϹˣúϢϢļƻոյһžͿʼеڶţѷʵһһ֣ض˵ǵͬǳҪҪǵִӥռܱȥضЩӥͨͬʱֲЩҸ
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Ͳũ̶ֲʮĴС͹ңսÿӹģڷ׳һǳ޴ֻ֣ͨսսķʽά֡
ЩӥһֱûмԵĲҪԭ֮һǲͣӥսֹӶչΪ˶ԸˣӥսòʱֹĽⱾһΣյ顣
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Ҳа취ǿиɵսϿ壡
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ڻɭĴѾ٤ˣʵľֵԱ٤ϴҲȲɭˣԥ٤λú͸ԣɭ˱޳Ī
٤缰ʱ漣Ҳûа취ɼ鱨ɭ˵սʿͲʱҲû취٤ȥɭսҪԷͷɧΪ
һɭˣͳ漣̻з̽װã̶ȼصĻԤҪʺͳ⵽͵ϮһþΪĴͷֱϵ٤߲Ҷ٤չϮ
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ΪռŽǾܵģΪ𲻱ҪĹע鷳Ҳûʩȥ鿴趼֪ռŽԿռŵĸԣ仨ʱֻȼƻ
˭֪ӨӨͬŬ֮£ռ֮űԤ뻹Ҫ깤
ڣضһʯ塣ռ֮ŵһ޴֣˵һ޴ſһٶ׵ĸ߶ȣȻ룬޴ſȫǾʯ͹죬οŴռķģǶ֮ۺͿռ侧ʯͬһṹշǰĴ󷨡
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ʱ䣬ЩӾ漣ǻϣ漣Ǿװ򾫱һȫۼ˿ռ֮ŵǰ档
վڿռŽǰУλɭɭÿһ˵ļңɭܸɭִʺͷḻܣɭ˸½ĸ͵ǵɭ˵˹ؼʱ̣ЩӵĳӣȻͼƻˣͼɭԶң˵ô죿
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漣ǲԶǿۡԣõĻᷭ⡣
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ƱӥǵĽ翪һ޴ӣȻֻһСҿֲⷽ沿壬˾ſƱͬʱãһס

ʮԪڷȥһ澵Ӱ㣬˹ǵĻǽһ㹻ȱڡ
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Ҽǣ֩ŮЦ˵ҲΨһ߾ЭһžͲͬ飡

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ȴ˻Էּ٤Ӷû٤漣ǵĹϵͿˡ


586 뾧

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˹ҲʵڱΣɭ˵ľӺǺȻڵ磬٤ߵĸأûκһ֧ǰǷǳһ顣
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վʹ٤˸һִλȮֲԭҲĴٴӴǰӥսڡ
ӥսʱ𵴣ڹⶼѾʧؾ档
ӥս๥ռʮڶ漣ǵĻ֧֮¿ʼں֮ڵĲӣֻҪ漣̻ȽװװȫԱһ֧ͷޱȵĲӡ
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һԸбһԲܣ͹ҿܰʲô


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˶ӥˣ
Цȥ漣죬ӥʱ£
漣ǳ죿Ȼɹˣӥ´һֳֻۣصΪ΢һ˿ӣڳ챳ϣԼûа취ʵüͷ΢΢һ䣺λǣ
λɭ˵ĸ֣ڵС˵Ļ
ԭɭ˵ĸˡӥ͸¶һ˿ɵûбֳ̧һֻ˵λԶôɡ
лӥʣ
̬ȷǳ壬һ㶼Ǳ̸еǿƷ
ȸӥʹл֮ڴԱ׼õıϣֱá
ӥǰ̸ƽԼһͬңƽǷٵĻʯǶӦƽս˵һѿ׻ӥ׼ôƶƽԼأ
ӥûʲô仯ֻǵ˵һ䣺˫ھڣʹƶƽԼҲû㹻͹ԱΪ֤ˡ
üͷ΢
è忴ͳڹ֤ϡ
ʱһӲ߽һŻɫۼףϵһɫ磬뷢ҰףСӣְһѱǳƽһƫݵߡ
һҵǿߡ
˹ڶ𣬵Ȼĳȫֻгܹõ΢΢ײûʲôʾӥսĹңּ̫ܳǿߡ
ӥʱҲҵˮƽ
οԷһ࣬ôأ
ӥʽܵλǴǬ۹ϽǬ׷ŵľӰ֣Ϊ˫ƽԼˡ
Ǭ۹Ͻ
⻹Ǽ˹ˣ
ոһߣһϽδҲ̫˰ɣȻɺϣ
Ӱ˳һۡ
һɾİɽӿĸоһڸ۾ΪʶȴǵͷųȫھӰϣӰ΢΢һҲûбֳ̫쳣ֻɫЩ̫ÿ
ӥʶ˲ϢĽ޶ãˣս˫ԼڣǿԿʼ̸ˡ
ͷʼɣ
ӥս֩Ů˹ԲŻ˷սڼȻ˹Ѿˣôˡ
Ҳôá
ӥսӶʧӰȻˣΪαĵ͵ⷽӥ˽飺ӥսӦһʧ
ӥޱ˵ԣ
Ц˵̫ˣ⳥С˲ں
ɭ͵Ϯӥʮ򣬽ӥһսԴʳȫݻ٣ɿӥսңʽһжӥսɺܴʧȻӥսдȣɭ̫
ӰĻЦˣôøô
ɭֹͣһжӥսΪҸһĲ
ͷֹͣ˵ڲô
漣Ϊɭ˵ĺĳУ֪մΪ֪ļЩΣ½ƽΪΪ˱սٴαҲΪɭ˵ĳ⣬ӦðЩΣյļӶʵִ½ƽ⣡
ôҪҲ漣ǼǵŶѪѵƾһ仰Ҫ
漣ǲ޷ս⣡Ӱ˵Ǭһ͵вһУǬֻӥͬ漣ǵӶЩаļΣ½
ЦЦЦ
ӥü漣ιʷЦ
̫û⣬һڴʲôأһ۹вң̫СˣվˣӥʵĳѾʶˣʲôƨԼ̸ҲͿˣǺæģûʱ䳶Ƥ
ߣ뿪𣿡
ʮռ䲨Ȼʮռ츳ǿߣͻȻڵ棬ÿһ˶ɢǿĿռԪ˲ռ䶼ˡ
֪һֿ˲תƵĿռᡣӰ˵ӴǬ۹ʮλռ츳ߣһƬռѾţκοռ޷УŲ򾳵ĿռΪźûУ
°ͣȻûʲô⣬ΪԸңҲ˹Ρ
ġӰ¶һ˿ЦڿһǲģˣϾǬ۹Ҫ֪ʶ
̯̯֣ҪǾԿɣ
Ӱ䱦һ˲˸оǳһѽǰγһɽǰγһһ޴ޱȵĽ˲ɨ﹬ʮ̵ǽббķա
ǿĽվԭضûֻЦſžӰϧƺң
Ӱ΢ŵ۾ʱ󣬵ɨʱ򣬳һӰͻȻһֵһ¡
û
ôһͱȫͬ
Ӱ¶ű飬´Ǭ۹󵲿ĽˣҲֻǬ̶ֳȵĸǿˣѵһλԸǬǿߣ
»ӥʽ㣡˹´ǰһλͽˡ
Щ̫⣺Ҳ̫ûսˡ
Ա˵λǶܲܿ㣬ϾǱ˴ӪҿòӾͻᱻʮؿղΧġ
ӥʺ;Ӱסˡ
쾹ȻȫǷ
Ӱŭһλϵ𣬱ֱ˹նȥ˹²ûʲôȱɫĹâ˲֯һŴӰ޼᲻ݽϣȻȫ˽ȥ߾Ӱ賤е֦һӾӵ׼ֵӥסˡ
һ֣ɫâӰֱӱ˳ȥ
ΪеȨȸþʵӰĶ֡һ棬ֱӥʷ
Ҳûţ˫͵غʮ
һĿħԪͷ۾Ѿɫɫ꣬ĿħѾһѿľ޴ɫ
ո
Ӱ쵽£ӿռ츳ǿӹɫÿһ壬ȴûж˿˺徫û˿ˡ


589 
ʮֲ־߱ռ䷽ƽ첻һɽǣֻǰſռˣûиԼܵʶΣҲ˲ߡ
Щ˸ûŴǬ۹۷ǿ֮һǰǷ𹥻
ҲǷǳͻȻ깥뾫ͬɫո֮۳ʱûκԣո֮ʱҲܲκ
ʿԪҲû취ط깥
ٻʮռ츳˲䣬Щռ־ûһȴѾ쳹׸ѲսԪ꣬ռ츳ʮģǵ꣬ռǿҲһ
ȫɱˣ
ռ츳ߺ
Ǭǧʷĵ۹Ѱٿռ츳ߣôΪ϶ܲףڹ˲ţڵ汻һͳͳܺ
쵰Ӱʱ¶ɱ⣬гವһͻȻ֮ʧˣӰ󣡡
ʧˣ
ɲǱ֣ǧӰεıԼٶ䣬ֲһտռľ޴嶼ΪӰ
ɱĵ
ĶңĲòŶ
˹¶һº͵΢Ц
ӰͷŽͬʱȻȨڴһ壬˴̵̽ذ壬һɰȻ̹˷ӣ֮ذ׷ױ鿪Ծ̵ֲȪشӴӿ
罵٣
ʩչһ߲ʩչ
ʮףףǧףסֲ︲ԽԽ㣬ԴֱѹķʽѾӰĽǵˣӸ߿ӥȥĻǻǳķ֣ΰϵͻȻ䱬ըˡ
ȻըǻȻǧƵĲľҰݣǰǰ󲻵ʮӵʱ䣬˹ƾվһƬȻԭʼòɭ֡
ɭֲɭô򵥡
ÿһôÿһÿһҰݣʵ̺ģǹ󷨵һ֣ʱǻ񹥻˹±ǵһежĿꡣ
ӥĲӸԮ棬ǸûнĿܡ
˹½ȻȨʹóɴҲܿ˹ʵʵڷǳǿ;߱һʱ츳ʩչȻȨʥ
Ψ˹£
ɭĿǰһǿ߷˹Īˣ
Ӱ⵽;սʿ񹥻ʵʱҲ˹Ĺ֮
˹ͥɢɶԸŴǬһֶԲԶ˵»񣬻ûк𣿡
ҲǺǿģΪߵ˹ǱɵĻô
ӥʵ˹ȾͲһΣ
˹ֶξһ£û뵽һξ΢Щʧ
ӥʷԼһ
Ǭܸǣ
һ̫Сɭ˵ʵˣǬ֩Ů˹࣬ˮƽôѹɭ˵ĸ֣ӥʶ²׼ʩչ
һˣķţ
򣡡
ͷųһɫףһΧӥʩչһĨѪԶʱ˲ײɫ֮ϣҽһѪͣˡ
׵
ʼȻǿĽˮ㣬ȫӥʵϣӥʶʱЪ˹ҽС
ǲɱ
ӥսӵǧ򣬱һݵð
ͷӲ
װ֮壬Ȼ仯һƮɢĽڻҽһͷ­ΪӥʵԴеʹõļֵ
Ӱ¶Ȼ֮ɫӽһͨ˲εض𣬲֮У֧յļ˲ûϢ
ܣ
˫򿪾Ҫȥ׷
ˣ£ֹ׷ɱɱףɭ˻ûеǬ۹սĵز
ͷ
λݺɭֵľڳǰһƢûУҪǱ˿˲䶼Ҫһص°͡
ʵצŭǾڶԳ̬ȶʮ𾴵ġ⵹˵ǾԼͳһȣǶѾδԺڴ½ضһصĴĸڸ죬δô϶֮
˹ѯǽʲô
ӥǱġǳʱѾԲ﹬ʱ飬ΪӥʵǳɱŽҲʹﲻ漣ҪﵽĿˣӥսȴûйҪһλ
˹ͬĿ̫ˣӥսǧȷʵһܲȶأ˭ʺλ
ǸЧʵˡ
ֱӴλ͵ѪӥŸ
ǱѪӥĴʣѪӥץ˻
ҲϻֱӰ·׸ѪӥѪӥԼѡ
һǼ̳ӥְλɭ˵һҪȻʧȥһɺţӥս漣̻ļԣ١
ڶӥʣüλ찤ŰݷãɱȻ¸ͲҲһԸġ
ѡⲻѡ
ӥսư֮·Ѿûϣˣ
Ѫӥǲ̫֧ǰӥҰģԭӥʲϣӥѾɵˣӥ֮·Ҳʧܣֺα翹أ
ֿҲкôġ
漣δӥ̳ǣͨѶ촫ͣӥսĹԴ˿ڵȵȸӭһػĻᡣ
ѪӥֱͽĸߵصĸߵصʩչѪӥ¹Ƴ棬ΪԷһ׼
ѪӥͻӥսѪӥƾƽӥսҵľƣ˳¹ı
Σ֮
ͷ漣ǡ
ָһ޴ͼ˵ӥս齵֮ڱһûʲôϰˡڼΪӥʮĸһָȨŰھͻڱʮС
ЩСܵ漣ǵİæ¾ӺҶ漣½ġʵոģЩ³֮󣬹漣мӣ漣̻Ҳж£ǵļƻʵʩȻͨ裡
̫ˣӨӨ𣺡ǰôҶϵһδͨѶͳһֿ⽨ˣҲˣһ˿ڵĳг
Щ˿ڼ㲻һҲаʮڡ
ɭǿ߶˿٣³˸պֲȱݣ˿ڶζо޴г漣̻ܹѸԴͨ򶼻ڼʱﷱ
漣ǲռһһء
ַʽҲγʮȹ̵ͳΡ
˵ĿǰԴȫ㣬ɭֶûǣҪ˵ˡĿ䵽ޱޱͽϣ̽ƻôˣ
ͷİɣ㽻ޱޱҿ϶ƴȥɵģǵĻͿޱޱһᵽǳˣɵ˵ζܵȥǶժ漣ǣ


590 ƻ
漣ǰ뵽ܲμӵһ˷ļƻȥ
ޱޱҰ񽻸ʱ򣬽ֱܼͻԼΡȻҪһܷȥǳ
ܾãҲûôḻ
ޱޱӵ֮󣬷ǵû򲻿ţϲһڽʮʱλݵŮͿʼæµ
ޱޱõѣͬʱҲǸ漣̻ԴӨӨæӨӨЭо˳ö࣬ž͵ٸḻѧߣֳŵǧӾɽɹĹڴ½˿ֱʵֵôʼˡ
ʵݳṩϣҪصĻҪﵽĸ߶ȣ漣̻Ŀͧ߶ȲңΪʮ֮һ㣬֮ǿܰѸһӡ
ܲ޴
Ҫ䴩һ㣬ǵԷǿż飬ԴҪǳߣû㹻Դ޷㹻Ķ޷䴩㣬ôȥ͸ǳ롣
һǧأ
漣뿪ؾͱһܷߵķʵ⼸ǲ̫ܵģ漣ĿǰȽķҲǺɫսսĿǰȻУɫսĻǿֻԴ̫ˣ޷֧Ŵ͸㡣
Ҫиı䣡
ޱޱṩ˷Ǿƽͷ룬Ȼ޷ôԴô͸ɴһԴĻûѷƵȥûκˡ
漣̻˵ѡ
Ϊ漣̻Ϳʼоˣ޷һ֧Ŵ󼸰ٱɱõĵѣͼֽǸݵ죬پǧԼҹо죬Լѧǿӡӳַģһ֧ʽˡ
ھͿ쵽ӡ
÷ȥһǳӵ飬ͬʱҲһ׳٣ɭ˵һ£ʮߣͬǶȺͷʽȫ̼¼ɭˡ˽ת
ԤȽ
ʽ١
ɭˣˣʮ˶ڹע飬ǹ㲥ƵƵͬʱߵĹͬʱͻƼ¼
漣Ҫ찡
ܲ䶯ܲܲƼ¼ô
½ֻɭɣ
ʵȫ̽漣ǵƻͬʱҲᣬúɭȫ½漣Ǻ漣̻Ӱ˵漣ǶҪ죬ƻһͷҲԳΪȫ½ֵĻ⣬δ漣̻Ʒʮпܵġ
ޱޱܷǳ
Ϊֽģ˷ǳϻɴлΪһյˣγĳɹˣ˾ʷһˣֻͨģ
ϲȻǽܡ
ȫû뵽顣
ʵʲôʱûаʲôæʼնǱž̾ԹۣĪμӼƻĪϷɴ׼졣
ɭ˶̫ˡ
ڲɭֺʮйעǱҲڹע飬뵽ͬξͶʱѪڣ漣ɵĻˣصǿ϶ܵӢ۰Ĵ
ں󣬴嵮û˭ȥ⡣
ܾǵһ
ޱޱ
ۣޱޱ̫ˣ
䳡Χ漣ǵĳΧϾô飬漣֪ܲ漣ǶΪĴ¼ʮѸµˮйͨǵӢޱޱ֣Ⱥʱ
ǸŮ˭ôû
㱿⼸ŲдôޱޱܣλŮһ죡ȻޱޱԱߣλһ߹㹫ˣ
ֻôҲ·
˭˵һҪβģ

漣۲ݣλ¼㡣
ޱޱͲ˵ˣ漣ǵĳ֮һɭֵСȨг߹ײβĸ߸ϲһޱޱȻǳһֱϯ
˵漣ǵľ䣬漣ǵʹԣôޱޱɾ漣ǵʹˣ漣ǵǷǳߵġ
ףûеκְλûĻϳֹ㹫ĺ͸߹ڵʣһ־̷˵ġ
λŮ߹󣬾Կ漣ǵ档
ޱޱͽܶǷǳӴ˴ʢװϯŻǽһδ֪ķ񣬼ֱ׼ȥߺ̺һ
Ȼˡ
첻ΣգԶ׼˴;ᣬʧܻ߳ϣܴͻ
ʵŻͲߵǰǾҪ̤ǰ·;гʮڹעֱʲôԴ˵𣿡
Աϡ
ʵѻͲܡ
û뵽Ӱװö׼뵽Լ˵ÿһ仰ÿһÿһ飬ʵʱɭָࡢʱоձңҡ
ޱޱܰ˵̰ѻͲùǳͦظҲǼˣ־Ҳӳھ˵ȣҪл𾴡ݡϲĳ磬һб˿ܣҲһִ漣̻ᡣҪлǻܸɵᣬԼõӨӨڻеЭûǾûҺͽܽҫ漣̻һΰ̻ᣬɭҲһΰġ
ޱޱߴ˵ʮӣ漣̻ɭ˿컨׹ᵽ漣̳ǡеȵȣǲɫмֲɡ
ʮڹעδ㡣
ιЧǷǳǿ
;ǵޱޱУᵽҪ̻֣ȫϲտ׷׿˹һŮ⿴⼸仰Ծ幱
ʵޱޱ̫ˣޱޱʹһޱޱ̻⣺Ҫ˵ľôˣлл
ޱޱ̫ˣ
Ƿ׷׹ơ
ʵûػͲžͷ˵Ѿʱ䣬ǹ֤ͬʷһ̰ɣ
ޱޱŽ߽ɴĿƲգƲոɫսʵɴҲ޷Ǿһرĺɫսṹû̫
űպϡ
Լûзκ⡣
ʮӺ𣬴ҿʼһ𵹼ʱɣʵҲԵЩˣɽķܣʮţˡһ
ʮ׸߶ȣڣ䣬Ϳд漣̻Ĵ֡
ʱеʱ򣬴ӻײȻһɵɫȻһɾ޴ƶƶȻѸնȥ
ʱ
ɽ⣬ɭ֣ǣȫ𻶺


591 
漣ǻʮףʮңԶƣʮԴͬʱ䶯˲ǿٶɰѻƵʮ׵ĸ߿ա
ʮ׸߿յĿѾϡԲơ
ٶԽԽ죬ʱʼĸš
粻ķ硣
ʵһŰ
ָǿӿʱԲǿ˺ҲѰûа취յҪԭڡ漣ǵػרֻƵģǵгԴӦҲӡŴֿԼ󷨡
ԾԶݷΧʼػԪЩԪ󲻽ܼӹ̻ܵƻӶȷܹƽȵա
ӨӨͨѶ洫ޱޱܣô
ޱޱͽΪޱޱѾ۷ˣΪɯʮϧѪĶѾһصĶǿߣȻٶԽԽԽ죬ѹѾ˳ܼޣ˵û˿Ӧ
ޱޱϽͨѶ˵ģأڵøߺøߵĵطܿɭأ̫˼ˣ
漣ӹͨѶ˵Ǿͳ׽磬ǵͨѶܽҪжϣһעⰲȫǧܴ⣡
ǣޱޱæ˵һɹģ
˵һȻ漣ǵͨѶźܸǾ޴󣬵ǻĿĵ߿գѾͧǷλػ룬ͨѶźԽԽģոɴͳ׵ʧˡ
ھޱޱǳԺ˵һվߵľ飡
Ц˵һʷվߵ㣡
͸ϴȥ½òǰɫޡθӣЩطɽЩطɫɭָǣЩطɽǧЩطĮ޾˴۽硣
ԽԽ
ǧӾڻΧͬʱʩ˲ĻǷܹܵסޱޱһ㶼ģһǶ漣Ķţһ涵ﻹŴ;أ»ɴըˣ봫ͻȥĻỹеġ
һж˳
ԴͿľʱڳ״ŰޱޱͽڼʻԵİ֮·ȼϺľգ˼ʻŷɴʼ;
ܸеޱܺʣѾˣǽʲô
ޱޱͳƻɨһ˵Ѿɹִӽĸ߿ˣͷûпҲûΣյ磬ǵҵأһʵط̶÷
üôֱأ
ޱޱЦˣ㲻ῴ⵽
ޱޱ򿪷ȫģʽòͺޱֳ粢ڣ䱳һƬʯλùɫɫɫ֯Ϊʲô־أ
½λṹкܴϵ
½λ浮Щڰļ½ײ׵֮ۼλˣڷˮ֮Ԫмγ硣
λ污ĤǴԪغԪ˿˴ĿۣΪλ污Ĥƽ棬ʱձĤȡã׺͹оۼλãͻγһ޴ޱȵķ壬һλ污ĤͣԵı仯ʶγҹ
½̫ѣ
ǳʲôأ
Ϊǳ϶һ޴ʯִ֮ףʵڴǳȻһ޴ɡ
ЩһԴɣһǳܶȵ壬µУᱻѹʣʴ緢Χγһ鷢ʯ
絽С
ÿһΧʯ
ÿһʯ漣̻׼ɵҪԴǾͭǽǷǳҪĲϣܹǿװ͸оδλɴҪϡ
һʯ۳ۣ̺֮֮ռ䷨Ĺϵܹǿռ䣬ǴͿռŵҪϡ
춼֮У
Թûпɣ
漣̻ģһǧ궼ɲأ
ܾܼʶ磬Ҳһˣ֮иûŵĵط
İɣͼƻˡޱޱ򿪼ƻֶ飺Ǿһذɣ

ޱޱҲ㲻˵÷
ʻŷɴһȥһƯյľûжþͳǰˡէ޴ޱȵ̣ʵǻԲ״һľۼ壬ٷ֮ʮҺ̬ɣҲ½ֲ档
ۣ̫ˣ
ޱޱ½ȫǴϾɣûֲӰ˵ʡ
ˣǽɣ
ޱޱСͣϣṹǾرƹģͣסȶ
㶨ȫ½ޱޱ˵ֳ֣ܷɵĴͨռֿŴȥߴң漣ǾͿֱͨˡ
û뵽һнеô˳ǻʲô֪ͨ漣ǰɣ
ѾԲˣ
ޱޱͽܶôΪʱͻȻװصԷ棡ֲ壬ǿȼߣӦ׼
˶һ۶ʧɫ
ֵطôأ
ܼˣòǱЩϮҷˣôһ嶼ûˡȫգһصΪҲջܳʱ䣬Ը¾Բ
װ漣رƵĻףǴ׻׾ͿԵȥˣ漣ǾͿˣȥһӣ
ã
˰·ѵװһһֵĿף׿ȫ͵ģ˾ͷһװ棬һ㾧ʯ֣ɷ⣬װͶκβɵɰա
ߣ
뿪ŵʱ򣬷һΧ￴е棬ƣرѾ޴УǺ͸ʯɣҺ塣
˵½϶кܴ
϶ͨҲԪʳΪǶ֮ʯϳɵģһȻγɵĺϳ
Ҫˣ
Сģ
׷׷𹥻
ŭ
ͷųһǿľ˲佫ΧƬסˣ˫ֺʮˮ򣡡
Ȼΰٻ档
ޱޱЩȵؿŽܣû뵽һ˫Ԫӵߣͬʱ߱ˮ;ԣ˵Ƿǳġ


592 
ԽԽ࣬ÿһ嶼߱ʵ
Ȼ򾳽ǿߣԪ棬ʵǿ󣬵ô๥ǿĹϮҲάֽ̫ʱ䣬Ա취սپ
նݣ
׳촫ڸޱޱĹѾˮƽޱޱ۷ΪʩչһµĹٳ嵽Щܼ
ռذԪ֣
ޱޱȱһɿռռذ״ͷʧˣǰʮֻÿһֻͷһذ׸ȥǿռͬʱĿ꣬ȫһᴩԴľ޴˿ڡ
üĸֳһɫӡǣѪһɴ͸ˮ֮ͷų˲仯һɱڶĺˮͷųϸֺᷢˮл㡣
ɣ
ЩˮûʱȱǿԪѹƶã׺㲻˺ҧɣ˲Ϣд˺ˡ
ǧƣ
˷Űĺˮû֮󣬽ͷųһǿЩˮһ˲ȫҵĽǧϻУγһΧľ޴ˮΧеĹﶼ
䣡
ˮը
ֻﵱըƬ
ޱޱ¶֮̾ɫô磬ףܲ򾳽Ķǿأ
ɵô
ޱޱĿ⻷Χ½ûˮڿƯĽûⲢˮֻǽܵԪûɵİˣעеԪȫ֮ЩˮԶʧˣ԰ټƵĹк
кڰУȴȻڳ鶯䶯ûȥԼӣвкȻǷڸµµһܿˮһһεεʵ˵档
ۣôˣޱޱоЩôˣ
̫죬벻ʲô£
ܾոʩչԪѾĲСûɱЩĻôͿЩˡ
ЩҺĹڵʲһ㼯壬һֻһֻ³֣δ𾪡
ޱޱԼĹҲѾ⣬ǵĹɱЩ
Χˡ
±عҲѾﵽһǧֻ
˴ûε飬Щûа취óֶɱ½ȫ漣̸أ
޼ƿʩʱ
һ˻Ҫ˷ˣ
ޱޱϤʱ¶ϲɫͬʱҲд󶨣漣ǲϵģͨѶСΧܹͨѶΧҲ˵ֻͨѶ½
̫ˣ
ûκη֮£ӷֱ߳徭رĸ죬˾յĻûб£Ҳܵκ˺
ջûֱ˵ʶֱӴ˼룬ʶǿȻǽûϰˡ
ޱޱǳʣЩôɱ
ش𣺡ЩʵϵʶĹֻҪ־ǾͲܱɱ
ʲô
ȻһλǿĹ񣬺֮λ⣬廯ʶ֮ڡ򵥵ؽ˵ʶѾﵽ˵ɲġ֮һУܹƾǳǿЩʵ֮ʶֽ֮Ĳ
ܾȵ˵˼ǣÿһʵʶƬɵģΪ˾㱻ˣҲ´Լ
ţĲɣЩһ޷ֶͨɱб°ݻ١
ǸǺã
ޱޱΧۼĹѾԽԽ࣬ճ˵¾Ҳ޼£û˿һʶʶƬҲһ
ͨʶЧ
ʶǾ͸췽ҹ̷ˣ
һλʶѾﵽ֮ʥ֮ʶʲôʸԿأһ޴Դ֮ͨȡǾܹϢԴԴĵ͸
õģҼȻˣô취ܻеģ
˵䣬һֻѩС꣬·ͷûСһеӦһҲǵ֮Ȼò̫ǲ̫ܵӰ졣
СĿɨǧƵĹ۾ʱð̹⣬һԾգ糱纣ĹΧʱСһʩչͨ
һ߾ѸʧͷųȫСսڡ
ǧֻ
ÿǿȣ
һɫһأǧֻ֮Ҳǿ˰ɣСһôʱԲĹĵ촵
࣬ߣ
ǿ񻯳ɵģҲ˵һеģȫǹ;Сô࣬βѾȻֻһ޴ᡣ
Ȼˡ
˵һЩûа취óֶɱСܰȫҲûãΪ治ǹʶƬѡ
ÿһֻﱻɵĵطȫһָ׸ǴСĹ㣬өһէʮֲ۵ڿƮ裬ӾĵӿڲϵԹΪ
¶һ˿Ц
ӿһԼٶԭݺᣬӾһƬ𺣣ʶƬڤݺݷգȻڱݻٵǲ¾ۼˡ
˫ɺڶɵ˫ۻ򿪣תΧȫһڽ
ʶƬǿ
̺һ˿˿˼;ҲƽܳܵģȴӲôƬɽڡ첢ûио̫಻ʣϾѾȥ꣬ʶǧ֮ܶԳӰޡ
ЩʶƬȴ̺СҪܽȫɴﵽ۷壬ҶʶֱӳɳҲкܴ
һء
ⲻ̺ŴԴͲϣСͳԼ̻ҪԱ˵ﶼһܹʵĵط
â
ϵ˱͹
ɭ˵ĸ֡ѧߣӸشȫ͵򣬲һγǧ˵Ĺģ̿ʼæµء
֡
ʡ
ɭأֻö̶̼ʱͽˣӴͳΪصĿĺתֿ⡣
˳ɭشӰ죬Ĺɭ˳Աʿ½һھһЩû˵漣̻Զȶ֪¡
ɭԶ
һξ޴ѹҲһξ޴
ɭ˱ֵ̫ۣ㲻û⵽½ǿΧܹõĻ漣̻Ŵ˴ι棬һΰ쳹½ҵչӭһڣ


593 ʽ
պһĹѣ漣̻ĺɫսȦҪһСʱ˵󣬿ɻؽٴΣȴһǳͼֵ顣
Զ黯ɡ
Ƥ⡢ǡѪ裬ȫĿء
ĹԴռٷ֮ʮϣʵһ־ͣǿȱȴ½ĿǰɵĸƷɫͻҪǿ
͵ռ켸ͳͿ
²漣̻ڴ½Ŀǰ֪ͨһ㹻漣̻ļǧ궼ûˡ
ˣ
СһͷͺһǱӾһ٣һӾ˵ûʲôЩҺȷʵܱһСĲֺ
һɵĺ˵Ǽֱؼ˵ҺģС޲ðɣ
ˣһæ
ԶʶС֮꣬СһԾֻ˷ɽ֮У԰ټƵӿ
ʵ̫ˡ
屻ϮɱҲɱڲ䷳Իعģ谭Ƕ԰ȫɲСвΪ˵Ĺϵһһ꣬ѾܣΪ˾˻ΧĹ
ֻô㣿
СĿɨĹȺﰵ̣춼أԽԽûˣ
С괵һڰɫϢŰڿзɢ˲Ͱѹͳͳ棬Щ񱻽ڸ߸ʴԵҺǵѸٿʼɢȫڻ֮С
Сһ̸˾⡣
ôһȴһӰûУһθҪöࡣС껺ڵϣβͳβڱڶ
ʱ䣬С޼ɵԺȣϵСӾͱһܻ˿ٳɳһͷβ
βȵġ
С굽жǳҲ˵Сĺܣ¶ϵףֻܵʱԹԵ¶
ڤ
˫ͷųڤ仯һѹסʶƬŷ֮˲һڶЩʶƬͳͳɽȥ
ȣ
궯͡
һѹֻɽҪʶƬ࣬Ϊ־ļ
һϺȣ
ǿҵ
ʯɽͶѿˡ
չصĹ̶ˣֱӸɴǿƿΪֱӴشﵽ۷塣
ˣûװôʶƬ
һ㲻֣ˮɵЧȻҲ̸Ͼϲ
漣̻Ѿȣ3ҩҪ꣬кüʮ漣԰ءССƿǻ練Ƶô첻ÿҩҪЩҩӨӨʹСϡ
ǵ츳˵ЩԴֲºѸٶȣҩǴ½Ѱٵı־иʵЧǱȳҪֶ漣԰ĻҩأǾ͸ӵĹˣܹ巽ҩȡħ֮ԴƳɵ
ֵҩܹи죬ԴСǺãǶĴڶԣҲĪʵһ̨ס
⸽Ѿûжֹˡ콫ʶͷųȥɨΧ򣺡꣬ҽɵôˣ
Сҡҡͷʾûͷ
׼һֱӽ֮ͨ
Ϊ֪򲻽Ǿ޴ԴиһءĴУ
ΪһǿԶ飬һǳʵħУҲǶĴˡ
ҪʶǱȻܴܵ洦Ĳ˵뵽򾳽磬練ûġ
Ȼˡ
ôӳ飡
һǳէôΧ֮ڣҵһֱܹĵͨôɵҵʹҵˣҲһҽȥϾһλ鳤ڴˣ˭֪ʲôһлı
ߣǻȥɣ
ͳһŴ;
ȻصؾдãǳǮԣһ֧;޷һ֮ƬСǮڵĳ컹
׹һ
ʱоΧůĺˮѸٵıӿݹ˳
ȻѾǿջˣܵ˵ǵ߳漣ǵĴʹʱ漣ڶ̶ʮﷱ̶ȸԱ
ǻɹĹϵ
漣ǵѾƵ㣬ǸصǮ˶׷Ľǰ漣ǲιۣȻ޲漣ǵķͱ𾪣漣յǰüʮ
ɭ˸еǿ߸֣Ȩ޲һ漣ǵĳ񿨣漣һС̡һСסҲǹȦ˴ֵû԰ڵҫ
ӭ
漣̻ᴫϵͳġ
ÿһ߱ȫشûа취͵ġȷ͸ȶͬʱҲϸǴ͵İȫ
Ϊˡ
˭ʲôʱʹ˴
漣̻ԿĶм¼ʾġ
ÿδҲ¼Ҳ˵Ƕ۾ûЩϵͳ촫ͻһʱҲᱻ浽ȥ
㣬þòĸѾˣ֪һֱڹر״̬ȻѾ³ˣôҲ˵ˣô
ǵģѾɣҵٶǰ54.32ҵļ豸ҲѾܹǰ13.42ݿ⣬ƾһԾȫƿ漣ǵһб仯ˡ
㲻ͷڳڴμж٣
漣еҲѾĴɭеڽС
һ˵һ߳˴ʹ
漣ȫòǰʱ򣬳챻ǰ漣Ǹˡ
Ϊ漣Ǻüڴģʩ;µĳǱ¥㲻ϵð޴ҵѸٵĵ
֪
ɽǩЭ飬һؽӶʮ򹤽Ŷӣ漣ֻԻ͹ĽǾ幤
漣˿ԽԽ࣬ҲԽԽ࣬һͨͨסѾԪʯĸ߼ۡ
漣ǾزҲǮ
һǧסֱ׬ǧԪʯ
һϸ̵ص㣬ϸѿ漣ǵĳʣֽ׶˳ͨ漣ˣżģͷεѧߣ˵漣׵ߡ
漣ӵд½õѧԺ漣ӵд½õо漣ǸͲȱǮΪгÿɳչֻҪӢ˿ڣȷʵȽϳɫĻṩڵĸָ
˵ǶȻ˺ܶ࣬пԡ
٤뾧Եʱֳǿĸߣδܸȫʹõ漣̻ĸװΪЯԵص㣬δƽ񻯡
ٲ׼ȥأӨӨһǳʱɫƻû߳Ƥգգ۾˵ѾϵǱʾԸɭˣ
΢΢һ㶡
Ȼ֮УǾ룬ô㳹װ˸ȫˡ⣬ӦӨӨ飬Ҳʱȥˡ


594 
ɭĴͷΪʲôûǣ
۹ѣ丽Ҳذеȵȣɭв࣬Ӱ˵㡣
ģ
ǲѷçĸߵء
ӹɵģ
˳Ǹ߼ʮﷶΧĳУͬʱʹС۹кϵ
κսܴ󣡡ڽٿĻ˵ɭҪǣⲻΪԺܿɺԴΪδиŻᣬҪͨڴ½ˮ½ĲƷͿƼȥ
˷׷׵ͷ
ǻɭֵΨһһó׳УĹУ۹սʮСкܶԺĲ͹ң漣ҪǵĹϵȷʵߺܶ·
Ȼ˵Ҳаһ飬۴½شǵжǿվɽˮԶɭô㣬ɭΪǵ۹⣬Ҳúú㣡
Ҳʵ
Ǭ۹ѾѲֹ
ǳΪɭ˵һԱɭ˵ĿƼ֧֣Ǭ۹׶Ƕô͹ҲˣռžԲǳصģȻķǳ󣬵ܰһ֧͵½κεط¶κԶجһɡ
졢ӨӨܡޱޱڻСָʾͽ
ɭǲɭˣһǿɭ뵽ʲô飬¶ηηŵģδչлĦ
ʾˣ⵹ǳϡӨӨԴ˷ǳˣһʡС
ǷֻʾԸû䶨ǰǶܴ⡣
ʲôܶզǵˣޱޱ˵Ѿ췹
漣ƻýһٳ
ɭˡˣûвʶܹģڴ½зǳߵĺǱĵǣ԰ǧĿȳߣٲȻѾΪһʵɼżɼߵĴǣ
־߱ǳľ츳
ɭȻѾǳǿʢֻĿǰΪֹҳһˮƽľ츳߻кܴѶȵģˣ˲ŴСܲã
漣̻оƼƷһֱ̻ص㣬ȱһھ㹻ߵƶ棬ڵôߣΪ̻²ƷԿϧˡ
ѾΪ漣̻ĸ߹֮һ
ҪƷͷĿƹ㡣ܶΪ漣ǵĸ߲쵼ĺˣôȫ֪

漣Ǿס¶ȥˣҲòżɭ˸ٷչĿãʮɭֳУ¡⣬˿ڡԴɭ˶߱Ϊһ۹Ǳʡ
۹Ѿڣ
бҪΪԼѰһɽ
ΪʲôͶɭأɭڲÿһԱһͬʵƽȵĹϵɱȳΪһ۹ĸӹҪҲĶࡣ
Ըûеһи֣ϣλȥһǣֱӰѴͿռֿ
ģһ˵ɯŵģ붼û˵϶û⣡
ûʲô¡ֱӴһӨӨϣҴǵ棬զҲ˳㳢ĺˣ
ӨӨ΢죺ܲ㡣
ϴҲҪȥ
磬ңң
ޱޱϹֺ˶ȻǷǳò׳ոӨӨȥԼΣݷҪߣˣʹǵݣҲĵݣҲɷ羰
ãεʹ죡
Ѿʼô棬ڹȫ׵һߣеǳΣ漣ǵˣĸмӣϹĻԾӣޱޱСҲˡ
һһѴҶɢˡ
ԼѾ׼ˣ̳ɣ
쿴ŴС˵С㣬Ҳһȥ¡
ңôȥһۣĵ˵˵뿪漣ǣҪЦˣ
С漣Ǻ漣̻ʹԣÿ춼ȥɭ˴СС񣬼ȫѹһϣôߵÿ
УУͲˣȥקŴС㣺ǲҪˣҲǴϰ壬㣬ݼ죬棡
ԣԣ棡
ӨӨʱ˫޳ɣж࣬κ˶ûܰȨ˶Գľеǳ⡣
᳤ܻһǷһԼְˡ
ϹҲ˵ѽڳܳʲôأ
ʹн˵飬ҲԶϵޱޱҲ뵽Ȱ˵ææ⣬ûݹأ
һģЩĪ
οЦ˵ǵǽôڴ͹ȥôö๤;ûţûʱѽ
Уѵ̬ǿӲ᳤ܻ
ӨӨҲ˵㣬ɫսɹȥܻʱѽ춼òˣͲҪηηβ˽о˺˹˰ǿ
ʵóûа취ããһΣ
ҮӨӨһ߸ߣݼ٣ֱԼݼٻģ̹ȥһק裺ߣǻ·Ȼ̳
һ
ӲǽһС
˿һս漣ǳСʱ̵ִ֮ĺܳǵʱǶ䶯ˡ
ܹ»ˣ
̫ˣ
͵͵ɭŻ;鹫һĻǶˣʹĹ£Ǹһ˵أ
ƽʱﲢߵкܶ²֪㹫Ĵڣξ漣̻ôһһ˶֪ܵĹˡ
رһЩϵرõá
ǿĿѾ˳ݡ
ܳȥһʱ䣬صǵʱ򣬼ѾǵӢۣǻƻҪ֮һܲô
ҲǺԺͽǱŸ˵⼸λ漣ǵˣǷֱǳ죬裬ޱޱԴӨӨװ𲿳ϹƣǶ漣ص̸˵ģ
𣿡
ԭǳ
ȻҲˣҲ̫˰ɣ
ⲻޱޱСǸǹһ˻ľ鹫
ԶԶȻʱΧڣΪɭóģϢͨ漣ǺܶƷطҲۣǶ漣Ｘλﶼ˽⡣
漣̸кģ־ϲڴ
Ц˵С㣬ûУȺڻҾӦȫǶ֪漣ǵĺôɯҪǻΪǲͬ⣬ǾǸȥ
û˵ʡʡɣ


595 
ǱΪɭֵĳвǿѨ磬ÿһǵˣ޲𺳡
һ׼ǳߵ塣
Ⱦֺص㣬鱼Ŷ߱
һͳεĳУȻ飬óãޱޱϹƸе޲ѡ
ûмŰݷòɯԷǳߵķʽǵҡΪǵĳʹƷ͸漣Ǳͷͷʢôߵĵһ֣ǳ̸֪ġ
һǳڴĿų˵ǻǽӰԺ𣿡
Ȼᣡһӣ׼ʮʮΪ㿪ţһ׼ǽ㲥վھеңĸӺ½
Щ۾ֱˡ
ţ˵ЩССĸ׼ǽÿһ㶼ܴ͵ı⻹׼漣̳ǺͿռֿ⣬ÿһϱڻҪԣʮ
޲Ŀɿڴ
˵𣿡һСŮ˵㲻ƭҰɣ
ôƭأСŮҸǰɣܹ²μƻ漣̻ĸ߲һҪĶоδܴ಻˼飡
ۣܹԭô
˵Ǻ漣ǺǳҪҲҪƶ˳У˵Բԣ
ԣԣԣ
˵˭Ҫ˾ǸȥҲǸܹȥҪóж֧˵ĽνʰߣһΪɭ˵ĳԱУ½˭۸ǣ
ͷ
˵öԣ
κ̫Ҫˣ
ʱܹ˵ɯڹеȴλ̹ȥɡ
λҵĺϢ
ָ
һʮʮ٣Ƕ֪ˡ
ͲˣһǳĺɯһеľܾԼ֪ôҪɣ
㹬ݻȴֲԵӹףڹ⣬һλðĸо
λǣʤҡɯĿڳ켸ɨЩССᣬϣҪϡ
С£粻ϡ쿪żɽ˵ǾҪԼˣԲԣС㣿ɯһǵľǼɭˣаһϲˮˣֱӰЭǩˣҲõ󱦹ʱ䡣
ɯ΢΢ü
ֻ˵̸£ûȫͬء
һﵽˣڸ˵ֱֻûΪɯǽ˴ɯûа취赲ܾܲܵųһھܾɣ
ɭڿ찡
ɯлøȨ÷漣飬ýܼ޸漣ǵĳ죬ôƾɭ˳Ȼλδ϶ܵصչˡ
ˣɯҪһˡͻȻվ˵§ԱߵӨӨҵδӨӨʶѾˣ׼һ䶯ȫ½Ļصѡǣ벨ɯܾɣ
ӨӨʱ͸
ֻ˵˵ѣû뵽͵ˡ
ҪǣӨӨ֪ɯʲôìܣֱӵĵŲɯ˵ֱɯѽ
ۣ𣿡ϹƺϵĽͼʣӨӨѾͷϴˣôҲң
ޱޱҲͷ˵һ½֪ʱҲ˶أ˵һܲᣡ
ɯԼ
ȷˣ飬᲻ˡ
سһμѻɯ⣬ǻ̸һ̸˵ɡ
ڿʼص
ɯκκ֮ǡһ춯ֳվ˵ɭ˴ܵԽռȻԽ࣬һֱǻԥʧ˵ǰõƣ
С㲻
ҪӲӣԼŰ죬ҲŲأ
漣ȷʵֵɭԽԽǿ˵ǻŸӣδ̫ʶʱˡȻǻɭ˴ܴǾ㲻룬ѵܺɭô
Ц
Ĵͷ٤ߣȫɭ
һǾɭ˲Ҳľ֧
λһ漣ǵĸСˡɯ̬ƽȻŴһȻɲѾ˵ˣǰ۹һԱܽѣ꣬Ѿû׷ƫһ磬ڣӣɭ˵ǶٻܵЩɭ־£δὫǴͼԣúúúźá
֮ǡ
㵽׸ʲôô
µɯ˵Ҳҿ֧ƱżɽʣҪʲô˵޷
ɯ˵֪о顢顢ˡǶѾԼУɭְٳ˲ƲֿʼӣνǷˮ𡣡
˺壬޲͡漣ԸЭԼСȻˣڴ½лУԵһںʵΧŵơ
ɯصͷ
ʱ䲨ɯһֱо漣ǣнž޴
漣̻֧ǳУںչδδһȫ·ʽ۹ɯ뱲Ӷ۹ɹؽȻһ롣
ڿУ漣ǲͬ͸ɡ
һ仰ǻգδԽԽѵҲԽԽǽΪ½һںܳһʱﶼռȻ
ɯ˵ó׳УʮСս۹ĺ˺纣½ʮ˿ڹģóġн췱ȫó׵ĴΪɭ˳Աɭô֤ǵ档
˵ƣΪһغҪóġ
漣ſռƣδմ½óɭ˳֮漣ǽѾ̺õ·ȥԼչôԺôܾù漣ǣ
漣ԸǺſռֿ⡢漣̳ǣҸеҵ磬ˡˡռһó硣漣ʲôǾʲôǺϵռżռȵ
ɯ裬˫һ˿壺漣̻ĳѹڶ̶ʱ䣬ĬĬݺɭֵĴ
鲻˭ģ
漣ȫܰȡ֮ȴûôһ˵Ƿǳ˼ģ漣̻Ƕȫ⡣õö漣Ǽõö漣ǵ漣ǲм׬һóǰ漣ǰ̿ˣ漣ʲô׬öࣿ
Ƿȥǣ漣ǲг
Բɯ˵ڽݣǶѾˣڽѾΪ漣̻߹ܣܺнϹ㷺ڵľ츳漣̻˵Ƿǳϡȱ˲ţǻýܹҲɸ̻ᣬδ˵λ뾫ȼ硣
Сֱ
Բɯһ
ɯΪʲôŰѽܼ޸죿Ϊɯ֪Լ޶࣬ҪǰǸһɽ
Ǹѡ
һǳ壬Ϊо츳ߴڷǳ㷺ںʱþḻĴԺΪܵš漣̻лǲԴ쾫ģһҪĲ䣡
ɯʲô֮أ
γ˵ϣҲѾ޻˵ˡɯվǳ֣ضһ񣬡Ǻÿ͵壬Ѿڹбʢ磬һøλʧġ
췢дСڣֱûᣬֻܴЦǾɣ


596 ֺɵĺ
漣ǽûйռһУûиһֳչûзһսѪе֮£ֻһҵʱ䣬ͰټĻɭָˡ
ò˵
һ漣
漣ûʵʿƹκһȴʤ۱ͳΡ
ҲáҲáҲãϰ漣ǵĸֲƷϰߴ͡ϰ߿ռ䣬ЩѾһ֣Ѿܸˡ
رǾССеĳǹʹõ漣ڹԪʯͲƱĲֿõҲ漣ǵĿƼ
漣Ҫʧˡ
ʧԹƣ
ֿƿɵͳηʽʱԽԽ裬δ۵ֶĳⶼ漣û̫ϵȻҪʹСȻҪʹͨѶȻҪʹԣֻҪ벻漣ǴһУ漣ǾԶ׬ƣزƸԴ
Ȼˣֺ˫ӮģҲֻйӮ߱
Щк͹ҲΪ漣ǣøӸǿ
ʽΪɭ˵ĳԱУ丽ʮסУҲȫɭˡ
ûк֮󣬻ɭֵûʲôܶɭвڴ½ļ۹Դ˵ǲôģЩ͵̣ԶԶҪǿڵɭˣ߻ʵԶ޼ɵƣ⼸λܰѳô
ҪһֻͧŮͳȥˡ
ˮһֱԶ;ͺǵĸУлݷü֮ǣÿһж飬ڴ½ɭ֣طԶ뿴ġ
ŮʱȻæµһûжþǽˡ漣ִѧߣΪǴʩ
֮
ֻͨѶʹˡ
漣ͨѶǽڴӰ֮ϣʱ侭üźŸǿǸ㣬ȻԵͨѶ㣬ڴ½Ѿ൱
漣ֻҲѾ߱ǳǿĹܣͨѶաѾӱȽ걸Ĳϵͳֱܹŵȵȡ
ǿʼ
ǱͨѶ縲֮漣ǵĹʦʼΪǽ޴Ŀռֿ⣬ΪǽΪɭн漣ǵóģȻҪƥ㹻ǿϵͳ
漣̳ƽ̨Ѿˡ
ɯѾȲҪ漣̳ǷչóĳУΪܴ漣ǴӪƽ̨ͬʱܹӪ
漣ǵƷʳͷֻԼɫҩǴɭչƤϡҩԼ̳ȵȣȫͨԽֿе
⽫һ޴ޱȵг
ɭɽϣԭضǷǳۣһصĻ۸ܷüʮ
ϸֱÿռ䣬ϵ͵޴ģǿͨռֿռûǸء
֮ܶ
ǽһóģлᷢչгƾǶڼʮҽϵܴܿЩط׬ˣ
׷׼̻漣̳ǸոսССĺ岿׷뿪꣬ȫ뵽ҵ
ô顣
ط᲻֪

ʮ˳ԱУһС
һӵΪȶûʲôϡʣһǳƶĹңʹĹҲǴ硣
ӥսǰʱܾͺɨϯңӴԺʱͱӥսĸӹñʵѩϼ˪ÿջ͸˰ҪȫϽӥĹûɿԣӥսū֮µū
Ƿ̩ɡ
ⳤڰȻͻȻͽԭӥ˽ӴбɵˣӥսͶ漣ѹԼңһöѹեĸӹȫָɣ֮һ
ָɾͺʮĸһ𣬼ԴܹΪ׵ˡһԴƶСΪֽܹĹϵһ
ｨ漣̳ǣҪʲôҩĵҩǿֱӴ漣̳ǹ漣̳ǽƶЧѸٷչ
˵𣿡
ɭǱּһͷ
ϻ֪ܲôǽܹڵǣ
һУǳضǻʯɣΧԲǧﶼʯԭݲˮԴϡ裬ɳ޴󣬿νһë֮ءƫƫôһطȴҲʶˡ
вȵĳߡ
ֺСһСͥС㣬Ǽڰǰǵеȹģļ壬ڴĿǰܹͰˣֱһ̶֥С
Ǽˣ
ֺͨıڹ뷿Ϣ¶ϲ飬ӶͳֻֻȻĲ󣬲СıԣȴҲһǳݳ޵ĶΪռʲǺܸߣһ˶û䱸
ֺɸչĶʮգ״Ǹ
ֺȻһţֻԺ̵㿪̳ǵĽ棬漣̳Ʒ̫ˣֵֻݷǳޣҺһӣҵһλǵˡ
ɺֺɷһҩģ׵ĳɼҩһܵõģ
ֱֺֻͨй
ҩļ۸񲻷ƣСû̳ǵӪҵ㣬û취ȥɷãһǣҲ̫鷳һ㡣
ûйϵ
ܽģ
ΪֺҲСּҵϢ϶ݿֺֻɸ˵ݿףͥҲãܴͨһǮǮ֧ºٻͳˣ
ֺѡǾУĿǰֺͣɵ뷢͵У볬ԷݣΪֺɾ߱ñʴΪҲ󣬲辭˹Ԫʯܿ´ˡ
ǰǰ󲻵ʮӣ
ֺɽַùҩġ
ڶ磬һǿСͿͧڳϷֺɺһƶصȴˡСͿͧ϶漣̻ĶͧȫС漣̳ƽ̨Ʒ
ֺɣһԱµӣд̴֮غֺ
⣡
ֺȺ֣ݺʵ֮õ˶Ļϲܻؼҡ
ǴޱңԶǷĻֺɿһӶȥôԶĵط뵽컹ˮ庣գ۾ͷԾʮıСǣҪǻǰ϶һ붼顣
ֺɰӴ򿪣ҩһȡƷʣȫԶԤڣ治Ķʮʵأ
ǴӴͳôһ麣ҩģ¼۸ʮϰٱ֣Ͼ½뺣̫Զ̫Զˡ
ףʲô
ֺɷִһСӣǵԼѽòǵŪ˰ɣֺɻź̬ѺӴʱ۾ʱɵùԲ
װĿ顣
߲飬߲飡
ⲻҩģǼƷݳƷֵ֮º޷ģ˵һųֵºɴ˴ιۺϣмֵƲܺ͡
һ콵ƣ
ºɷֺӵһСֽֽò̫׼дţл̵֧꣬Ϊǵһˣ⼸͸Ʒˣ
ºɱ鶼ˡ
Ʒ
ڸԣǿЩͨûʲôϡ棬Ƕ½СССº˵ֲһ嶼


597 
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漣̻ƽ̨ʽ
ʱͷ츲ر仯
Ϊ˵УȻɭּ𲽸Ҳ߱в߱ơ
ɭ֡ĸߵءɽ룬̫ˡ
ǻɭֵΨһһ⿪ŵĳС
ʮ½ңȫˮΪת
Ǳ´Դɭ˴ͨԴͲϽ佫㣬ɭ˴ԴӦҲܰɭԴǺڶຣ½ȣӶľ÷١
ŨŨó
ӭһ¸ĺʱŹ㡢壬ԼΪλ̻ᣬʼҵǸոռɭˣʩδȫʱѾһݱ
ȻϲȻ˲ϲ
Ůǰзǳͨһ
ͨ׽һˮС٣츳Ҳһ㣬ڲոմﵽصˮƽѡ˵ʲôֵýĵطòʢŮҲ㲻ź츳Լ˺üдܶӸҥ
ʲôأ
ֲܵԣ
ȻǶŲʲô鶼ɣҲǶģС룬ϣĬĬŹһ
Ŭ
츳ƽƽѾͷҪﵽߵľ磬ֻܺķѴԴʣҾ˵ǲ̫õġ
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һû̫ȤһҲû㹻ʱ
һ죬İ˵츲ر仯
ŰݷõˣȻλ壬ֱһһŮԿͦŮԳ¶ϢϵǿߣȦӺСûнӴοˡ
Сɣҽһ¡оº͵ЦЦ˵ҽа±ɭλǰ˿Ǳľ鳤ϣڳĻ̻ᡣ
ܳԾ
Ҳʼ̻
˶ʵľ鳤ϣǻ˼֣û뵽Űյľ飬ڶʼܳҵˣ
軹Щףλʲô𣿡
±ɭ΢Цźذ̻һ̻ᣬ̻ӰҵҵΪӰƬɭ˳ʮӳȡ÷ǳõķͻر鳪ƬڸۼƳʮ״̡˵Сⷽر츳ǩԼ̻ᡣ

ǿֲŻרǩԼġ
̻Ǿ̻֮һ߱ͬʱ漣̨̨±ɭ˵ǰɭ۾ȡôĳɹʽʼ˿гƬֻٰᡣδҲϵǰһûᣬϣúÿһǡ
˿һ޳쾫飬ʼնܳĬʱ˵Ը⣬뾡ϵǣǵͨѶ롣
붼û˵ˣԸ룡
ȥȥ
ϲϲʣǸ˰ãûд棬ôõĻôܴһһȾʲô¶ܵˣһڼʰԼװλˡ
±ɭ˿鲿ĳϡ
ҲӴľ֮һܳӰǳرеİ˿ǵһδûᣬʱӦѳųǷһˡ
˿Ц죬ժ
أ
һϷԣ棡
ʮ󳡣Ŀʼˣ
ȻЩ鶼ѾǹȥˣȻеźҲûа취뻹ܺúðڵ
ɭ漣֮ޱޱһ䡣
ޱޱɿ֮£±ɭͰ˿ȥ䳤ְλڴ̻ᡣ̻᲻ޱޱˣѺӨӨϹһͶʡ
̻Ѿɾصֵ̻֮һ
Ӱӡ֡Ļκʱڶгġ
ǶԾӰǶԴ½ĻӰ죬ֻҵо޴ֵ
±ɭ̻һר¼ƳƬĵطС㣬ݳףǿЧô
Щţã
屻½ó質壬˵㾭һЩµϿ質ǵĸḻĴΪԺֳħĸںǿġ
Ϊ漣̻ҥܱ¼ò˶ʱ䣬½֮ˡ
轥ؽ״̬Ͳظ質
ħɤֳ̺˹ԱоһֻúȻֻþһͷ׶ʵɳ̲ǰÿһɰˮ㾧Ө͸Ĵźͽʯں
Լĸˮ塷
ˮڵĸ壬ǻɭĵطĸ侳о
ֽݳü׸ÿһ׶ֱġ
ȻõǺԣǵﵽ־磬ѾҪˣοһʮһڣȾﻹҪתȫҲΪܡ
ԱֵЩĲ㣺ô⼸׸һкöףҿֳݳһ顣
ǳ˿̲ס˵һǳ츳Ǳӣ
⼸¼þˡ±ɭ԰˿˵ȥ漣̨˴к¸ŵ̨ĲһƵʱ䡣
˿˵Ǹոպݵ̨ȡúݵ̨˸Ǻܹ㣬ǲҲݵ̨һԡ
±ɭ˵ãǾһ𣡡
˿˵Ȱ⼸׸ɳƬʮװɣŻṩӦġ
龭
±ɭóԼǩԼǩԼ֮󣬾̻ˣǩԼ꣬Լɭ˷ɱǩԼԺǻΪװƹ㣬ڵ̨շƵԼƬ۲ȫֳ̻ɣԺݳᡢֳֻɣ߳ɡ⣬룬ҵԣӰȵȣȫд棬㿴ûɻĻǾ͸ǰԼǩ˰ɡ
費Щ档
ǲ˵ġ
򵥿ǩԼ
ҹļ̨֧ͨɭԼü˲޴䶯ѩһ̻ᣬܻӭ̶±ɭʼδ
һʱ䡣
һ졣
ܵʮ׵ĶԶԶ䣬ۼ۵ļ¼ˣ
ÿһųƬһԪʯȻߣǻٳɶ࣬ʮ׾ǶʮԪʯ󣬰ֵ̻ıһҹ׬ʮ
ʮԪʯʲô
ʲƸ˵ְ
ǰһӶһôǮ
ǿʼ±ɭͰ˿ƣײƬϣдԭδܼкܶԼǿгûп
Ǳعơ
δܴǧԪʯ
һΪ̻ذ֮һ̻δľüֵԼӪգҪȼɭֳмҪߣ


598 ս
漣̻ɭ֡ĸı䣬ʱʱ̶̿ڷֺɡ˵Ӱѡ
Сǵ̻ᣬٲȻһȻһž޴½λ֯ţڲϰһԴƸˣȫ֯һ
ɭæµηչԴ˲Ųʣ˴ʱ˿̵ĳ죬һҾˮڱһƬĴϡ
ӨӨޱޱϹƣսݽãȫһд磬ų̵ȹӣ˫ѩ׾Ө޳Ĵȣȫڳǰȥűɴ£ͷϴһñӣͨСûʲô
졢еɳ̲Σһߴůʪɹ̫һߺŲ漣԰ɻֵǵӾơ
ǳһӾƣһ͸ȫֵּǵɾƣͨ˵һŶңʹΪĴʿҲǿֻڱչʱΪΪҪֶΡ

ӾƾǾƶѡ
ȫûпգɾڳɢֻǵһּƷáκ˿ǱǲΪ漣ǵĳӾֱҲ㲻̫
漣Ǻ漣̻죬ڲһǧԪʯ٤˹Ǳɻľδ⣬ټ漣ǼֵǧԪʯԴ·½Ҳϳˡ
Ԫʯ⣬˲ţǻ漣ôɭ˽ҵչƣڴ漣֧˰һǧԪʯ¡
Ҫĵطڡ
ֻԪʯԴ
漣мֵ޷Զǲ鲼صĴͨѶĿɭʮԴ֮󳡣漣ڻɭָǸ̻Ͷʣ漣ǵоҡܹͿȵȡ
Щʲûа취ֵΪҪļĻǿ϶һ޴ޱȵ֡
ɭѾ漣̻ᷢչһˡ
ɭСС̻ᣬ漣ǵͶʺ͹ɷݣλ鳤ϴ̻ᣬɭľ̻ᣬɽװ̻ᣬĲ̻ᣬĸߵس͹Ӷ漣̻Ἰзݡ
ֶ漣̳ǵļͲƷ
˺ŵ˵ɭ˷٣漣̻ͷ٣ɭǿ漣̻ǿ󻷾һʽչ׶Σ漣̻ڿʼʲô鶼һ֮ģҲֹģ
첻˵Լڴ½ǿҵǱͲƸ˼ƴ͵۹֮⣬λ棬½漣̻ȫԺˣ
漣̻䡣
Ӿʲôأ
콫С㿴漸಻ǣżݼ٣ǶӻǶжкܴģ
軹˵ʲôãϴ˵ʲôȻʲôˣֻϣﲻҪӲźá
С㲻Ҫôɨ컻һϣڲƸ꣬ﻹҪԼôۣ
ҡҡͷ漣̻ڹģ׬ǮǼӻǧ궼⣬˵̶ֳȿ»ԶԶɡ
΢΢һСγԣ
Ұ־򣬿ɲǴ½ɹů⣬ĵ˵׷ΪҲ򾳡Ҳ֪־ж󣬵϶嵽ԶﵽûĵزҪ㹻ǿʻͼֵ֧ģڵ漣̻ᣬԶԶ
΢΢ݡ
ѹӨӨ˵ҵǴС㡣Ц˵ʱ䣬һС̻ڵˮƽٶʵѾҸ˵ˣûС㸨нô˳
ȻѾⱲҪһ·ߵˡ٩Ȼ˸ɴӨӨһˣ
һȥɣ
ǳ⣬˵СһȽϱصˣǻûеĵزΪʲôԥأ
ǵԺ˵˵ϣӨӨһһ޶ֻĻ񡣡
ʼ硣
С簮ԸӰ
⺣ôôҿ⴬ٶȿһ궼ͷʱӨӨ˵ڼװȥ죬˵ľͷʲô
ޱޱҲܺ档
Ҫλṹ͡۾Զƽ˵λṹΣ뱡Ĥϡɢʧ⣬ڵ£ڴ½ķȫһû򣬺ˮһȻˣͷһƬռŵգˮһ׹Ԩͨײγɻ
ۣ̫ˣôʲô֪
ϻȻôǵϴ󣿡ĴϹأ
컰䣬ǰ溣ˮϹƻȼȻ棬˲ͰһƬڳˮӺֱϳһа״ľ㡣ͷô˵3нħޣ൱ʿʵȻϹȭ͸ɵˡ
ϹһֻŴؼװ壺ǿҵһֻʵĺʣͳɣ
ӨӨޱޱˮ
ôʵĲϣ̻߶˵豸ٴһӾƣֱߵˡŮȥæµҪһٴ͡
εЦЦһǳζͶأ
Ҫ˵ͻȻһĴԱ߹Щ̫ȻԳ˵ǲټǰˣ
Ϊʲô
ǰȺ
һۣطôΪʲôȺѵܶ
ǵǣȺȺ֮һҲ۹һ֣۹֮ȺԳսһλˣΪʮǿ۹Ĵʹ֮һ벨ɯ˲С
һսüͷԳ˵˲ǺģǷǳѲɫοԳս˵ʵǻǲҪǣľûȫȶ
ƽҪȥȼٶ鷳ֻðڰ˵ˣɨˣ湻ˣǷɣ
㴬Աһ
޴ˮͷ
׼س̵ʱͻȻһⷢˣˮҶһ£Ǳһ޴ҵûеƷˡ
ģ˭ɵģ
ˮˮСģ
޴ԻΧײˮˮǲɯ죬ʵĴֻ֮һҴǴӹ̹ģǿ߶һ׻
ʱ
˷ֺüҷľ޴ֻ
㴬ԱǼɫ䣺սĴ
۾΢΢е˼ˣ첻ȥǣǷˡ


599 ˺Ƥ
սӿʼΧˮһΪ׵콢ˮһڼ߶վǼ˶ûм壬ϣ˰ԣ帲ۣ޳һ˫۾ǰɫеİͫס
ˡ
ĸߵȺ塣
˾߱ѪͳͨԵԣ߱ǿ츳ս۹ڵʱ۹佫˵Ρ
ˣ۹Ĵʹ֮һܶ³˹㹻ǿı̾Ⱥ£ɲսȻ۸սȲڵˮ壬۾ӹģʵȴڲɯ
ⲻǲɯĴô
ȻˣΪβȺ
ˮסˮʮҾ׷Χסܣγһܲ͸Ĵ
㴬߳ŭĺǳûðսĺƾʲôô
Ȼɯ³˹վͬһģȺǶ۹ѳģ˫ϵ㲻̫ãȴҲ̫
ÿ궼Ժ䷽㣬ԺҪʱҲɾӸ鷳ΪŻõϵֻҪʲô飬˫ǲ˺Ƥġ
˽֪ˮǲɯġ
ΪʲôɳǰΧ£
˵ķˮ𣬼ȻѾˣҿⱣǲҲһˣ˺ԼĿģûȺıӻܰô
㴬ɫ΢䣬̬ͻתп²򵥣ʲô뷨ӦҲɯǽʲôã
˽ŵ˵ɯܰԼˮˣ˵Щ˶ǵ岻򵥣ô׽Ҳһ룬˵ץûã
㡭
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˽սǹԶԶһָȫ£
ͷ˻ųˮ棬һֵȼǳߵħޣȺĺԣȻսѱɣһ궼߱3ϵħ޵ˮƽ
𣡡
ͷԻ·һˮ֮ףˮ壬ǿǿӣǳ£ƺͼһˮļװ䴩

Ϲƺޱޱͬʱ֡
ϹƻһһȭˮԵԴϣˮ˲ƬˮԷһʹ˻Դսˣͨһˮ档
ޱޱֱӴˮԣһռնȥúԵǹǿ˲񱻵նС߰㱻նΣغԲصˮ棬طѪһƬȾˡ
Ϲޱޱ˵
ޱޱͷã
˱˲ƵԷ콢ϡ
Ϲƻٴȼܷȭ·콵ʯ£ޱޱԱΪУֱۻ֮ռڣȻһֵǱκжҪ
ߣӡ
˴󽫳ǹȻһζޱޱϣֲͷųޱޱռ̱ΣֻһƻԪɼϸСϸСֽ֯һˮݺݵسϹƵϣϹƺһ˲䱻ڼװϣ˲ᡣ
Ԫǿ
ǿߣ
Ⱥ׼ǳ׷ĶǿȺ棬ҲǰʮĴڣصĴ֮һ
Ҫﱻشɱţˣ
˴󽫳ǹָŶˮҪνĵֿˣҪǣλһ˰ɣ
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ʮս򲿶ӣжǿߺʹʾӣǷ֮ڹҲ˵˴򾳽綥ǿߣƾ֧ģСӣ¾ͲЩܶԿˡ
˴󽫻䣬ʮԣǻˮΧˮؽγһ޴Уˮ档
㴬æǰ뿪Ҫˣ
㴬ǲɯĸ֪漣д;ֶȻڵǳϾǻв졣
һ㶼ûнȸУ˵ڵʲôô״вǣ
Ͼ
򾳽ǿ߾ѾѶԸοΧΧҲԷסˣƾˮôˣûκġ
迴ҲǲŲæͳһֻ˴ͨѶ룬ֱ֮ͨӾͷһָɨΧϰ
˶ôµʱ
Ʋﴫ̶ХʮҺɫսƲƿնʮѾ޴⵶Ӻƽϻʮޡ
Ԫ
սս׷ױԪڻУ̱ըһмսըɺüأսսʿ䶼ûӦɫսͶһǿĵ
䣡
Χ̾ͱһƬ𺣣
˴ɫ䣬ŭһӵڿնͼֹɫսʱǰռζ£һӰ߳
һָ
飡
ֱըձһѪʮԶҲΪԻ幦赲ལָһ֮·ǵð඼ɣ
õң
˴󽫵Ϊǳǿѹסǰ˿ڣһ˳ǹ罭ӵ㣬˲ųĹ⻬һӰ㸲ǳΧ˲Ͱѳ˺ˡ
ǿʵɡ
˸е𾪵ǣ屻˺֮󣬾ȻǣЩѸһƬ𺣣˶ڻУЩӰһα˳ӡ
Ƿ
͵Ϯ˴˲䣬̰ڤͷų˲˺󷽣˶ֹʱ򣬳Ҳͳ֡
ལն
۴ԪǿһУȻͨལָ޷ƿǿߵལָǿʮûʧֿܵģ
˴󽫱ڤУڤҲѾܽӽˣȼŻڿն˫Χ仯ȼվˡ

˴󽫲ֵֵŭ໥ײΪˣһٰѻ涼ˣǱڤϴ˻幦Ѿ㣬Ĺʱӵһռ佣ն
˲
ӰΣ
һҪУ˴󽫱ȻƬսΣֱ˴ڹؼʱһ£ֻһֱ۱ϡ
˴Ԫˡ
û뵽ǿߣСԿ˴ս׼Ӷ뿪ʩչ׼ݽˮֻҪһˮ˲Զǧ
ܣ
ôף
ûü֡
С˫͵âʮͷԣȫСסͳͳһˮӺе˴󽫺ݺݺȥ
˴ɫ䣬⧲֮£ԻУӺﱻø߸߷𣬽űԸС
ɶ񣡡
˴ɫ䣬ΪһڵıĲϣѽ̺ǿֻ֮ҪһԴҪˡ
ҿȥȺ;ͲˡЦŶ˵µһ˰ɣ


600 Ļ
㶨һӥսٸһս
û°ɣ
ˣû뵽ʿޱޱվҿʵǿ¾Ͱʿʰ̫ˣô죿
һֱǵ졣ϹƸոճһʱ˿ͷϣֱ
һá
ͷųռ˱У˲䱻͵ˮϡ
ԳѾͶ壬ѹ漣ıֶʵ˸еǳ𾪣
㴬˵ǳлλͬд;ǶúܿģһúɫսȺˮǼһˡ
˴򾳽ʵ
ȻʱסȻʮΣգοʱ׷ĿܣѾͨˮյķˡ
ߣ
˷ռᣬ˲ˮ뿪
ˮѾʶ;Ч㴬⣬ȫĿɿڴǼһ֧ССɿռתƣңԶĺֱӻصȥˣ
ʲô
Ҳ̫˳Ծˣ
ߣ漣ǵĶģһôҲûշɣܷǿ񡣡㴬̧ͷɨһգžͲ޸пĿǻ˵漣ˣǲɯӢһǵи
ʮҺɫˮڻˮȥ
˴ͻصǣһǰ˽ɯ
սһǳҪս׼ΪУ鷳ɭһ֣ս붯ڳͷ϶
Ⱥɭûֱìܡ
Ⱥһϵ
ɭӴûеɭԡ
֣жϣȺһսһ򼸸ʵеԸǡ
ɯɫˡ
ǰʣô
δصϢǳҪȺº֣ǻڹץˣ³˹ĸ֮һ³˹Ĺʮι̣Ӳ鱨
ײ鱨ϹƳסߣӾ˵ȥԣ
ʡʡɡ췭ֶۣҪܶԸɯͰ鱨Ūˡ
ܲܰץһ˻ɣ
𼱣û˲죬ֻĻһߵ˵С鷳ϵһçĸߵأ˹æ
˼룬ͳһֻͨһ롣
ʮ֮
Ǵװ֣塢壬壬ſӣŹŹֵߣָ󣬲ӣϣȫֹƷ·žž죬ȴɢһִ
ȥӭӣ鷳Ħ̴ˡ
ǰһò˵ߣƺһ֣ûƬǲϵ壬ۿﶼǰȻһϹӡ
ϹӾܾܿ׼оλãųǳһΪλЧͣĦҡ
ɯϸоһֵϢλǣ
˵çĸߵ̻Ħ࣬Ѷͽɣ벻ͻõҪĶ
̻çĸߵصλأĦ̵λαצҲһصǿߡȻ̻ڱצĳ﷢չǾǱצҲûֱĦĵλȴΪһ仰̵ֱӶ͹漣ǵ֪֮
Ҳǿġ
Ȼ漣Ǵûгưԣ漣ɭѾ߱Ĭϲҹϵλɭַ䵽漣ƿصĳѾԽԽ̻࣬Ժ뷢չͽڣܲúֺֺ漣ǣ
ɯûмĦֶ̣̻ȴжš
Ѷʦʲˡ
ͨҩˮ˵ǣиֹܹƻ˵˼룬ֱ֪ܹӿ˼롣
ɭ˲Ի
Ħʵͱ˴ǿ̶ܶ࣬ͨһСʱʵ鱨ȫʳˡ
Ѿˣɭ˲һЩҵĲĿĦ˻㱨ر漣̻ĿƼЩѲѣ˴ԼʮͼԼǣս£ȷˡ
Ȼˣ
սɭ˲ʵǿľԶԱǰڰͱͱӣӦŵĶ֣϶Ļԭֻǽû뵽ǣɭ˵ȻôӴ
ɯһ㵣ǣôʱнʮҰиҿԷ½½ӣɭȻѾһӱľ档
һ䣺ЩģôһΪ
Ħ໺ػش˵СΪǣȴս͵۹ڣսУܹսڵ۹ֻһǬ۹
ĵĻǲɯսȻǬ۹ˣ
Ǭ۹½в׵ӰرǶѾãǻսֵǬ۹Ұģ˭֪ǸոͶɭˣսܵǬ۹ȥˡ
Ǭ۹һɭ˳ͻôȻһճ־õս
ΪǬ۹漣̻ǰκζֶһɭָͷǿʵ˿ڲҸȱݣӥսǿʵǿиɡ
Ǭ۹һ
һǧ˰ʷǿʢޱȣۺ񣬽ޱӵжһʮ˿ڵȻ˾ʮС˿ڼһҲȲϴǬ۹˵ĶԱˡ
Ҫǡ
Ǭ۹½ǿ
Ǭ۹о޴ӰǴǬ۹ɭ˷ͻΪܱôƱػǺó׶ѣôǵʧɾʹˣս
ԭǴǬ۹Ǿһ㶼ˡΪ°ͣͻȻԱߵ˵˾ŸսңʵȫǴǬ۹ӰˣҪԵĶֻ۹
ӨӨ۵ɵĴģɣҪһ۹ôùսʮֹ
ŵϹƶü
Ǭ۹½ǿʢĹ֮һ
ȴҡҡͷ˵ڵʲôǬ۹ھӣͱˣ﷢չõ죿ʵϴǬ۹ǸźʮɭôԶҲΪʲôǷչڲ
ھҲˡ
Ǭ۹ӾǿվɽˮԶء
οɭ˳лɽ£ǬҪһƬǧƽȥвһһǶԵ۹˵ҲǺ顣
ʱûжԴ˱̬Сô
ϸϸ˼˵Ǭ۹Ȼ޷ֱвǿƼսҲԶɺܴţǲܶܣαӭѶϡǬ۹ǿ½ֹһҵ۹ŶԸȴ޷ʱǣ˵۹ǴǬĶǺҲ˵ء
˵öԣһЦǾôɣ


601 漣
½ٷ֮ʮ϶ǻ򣬲ʣİٷ֮ʮҲȫ㹻ǧǻ˿ڲҴ´ˡ
ǧǻ֪۹һʮĸ۹۹ĸ۹۹һ۹һ
۹͵۹һ
۹۹ȫ˳ԹҷʽУ쵼һλۣϣܼڵ۹һȻ̺ʵ۹ǲûнûйţڲҲɢ
ҹɭİҹһ۹
ҹɭһģɭֲɭ֣ɭֻҵһĵطڣҹɭƬɭּûȫɾͳΣ˳ΪһƵ۹ʵ
ҹ鲢ûнңҹɭľ鶼ԲͲ䷽ʽڽԭʼֵʱǲŻŽͬȻ˵ʵ½۹ȴһ۹
߱ԵĵطǣʮͷͳεڤЩģ̫ܲ󣬵ȴŲѷɫһ۹ľ޴ʹ½
ʮĸ۹ģĴ֮⣬սһʮСǧȼṹ춨½Ŀǰĸ֡
ɭֵ漣ͳһ
δлᵮһ۹
ȻлѣɭںĶ꣬ǵ̻ʵھ۹˵кܴ࣬ɭֵƱػЩް⣬пڻɭûǰͰɱˡ
ɭֺ漣̻ǰڴ½ĬĬŵ״̬Դǰӻɹգ漣˳½̻֮ͳУͻȻͱɴ½ĺˡ
עкһ棬Ҳвһ档
ʼ˽漣̻ĲƷƷڶ̶̰ʮ¸󹤳߼Ӱӵƴ죬漣̻ĲȻز㣬һ۸ȻˮǴߣرǽһЩ۹ˮƽһЩ۹г۸ܳǧԪʯ
漣ԤƸƷδһܶڴﵽǧԪʯ֮࣬漣ǵģͬʱΪ漣ȫ½սԵ춨
漣ǴҲܶĿ⡣
Ǭ۹õһӡ
ûзǬԼ󽫾ӰìܣǬ۹Ϊ漣ԽϽһ۹Ҳܲ漣̻⡣Ȼ漣̻ڻûа취ʹǬᲢۣڲԶĽ漣̻ģڳֱ
ֱһ۱谡
ڴǬ۹£ңԼڵս취漣ɭֶ֡쵹ǲκսֹɧ޷ܵġ
ʱ
漣Ƿһ½Ϣ
ɭ׼ٿһǰδе漣ᣬȫ½ٹľǰμӣ
ܹĴĿģ
һ漣̻ᷢһܸı½Ʒ
ڶ漣ǽԼƽ̨żѰҺ顣
漣ǿŵ磬ṩֱͻ½Сͬ빲ͬ
ģſʼʿ漣ѧԺȫ½ֻҪвŻǱˣǵ̫ӣǺųС漣̻ᶼһͬʡ
ϢϢʵ̫ˣ
ǵһ漣Ǹı½ĿƼ𣿿Ǻܵ͵ľˣ˴ⱾǷǳ漣̻ѾǴ½˹עĽ㣬ˮôһΡ
ǵڶ漣̻Ὺƽ̨½Щ˵кܴģ˼ǣ漣̻׼ż漣̻ܰĿƼ۶κһҶǼˡ
ǵ˵ڶЩ漣û׼ȷ˵Щƽ̨Щ򽲵װףӵ磬ٵ磬漣̻ԸṩһЩԴ
ǵĸ˵ǰԹ塢ʵԹҺô˲Ƿǳġ˭֪漣ǵĿƼ˫ܰ漣ǵĿƼѧãô͵ڴ½ǰأ¾ǵҲͲðѹ͹ɡ
½̫ˡ
쵣Ϣ򱻸Ķɳüʮ֧ʹ漣Ǵ͵ԵĴŸʼ
ʱ䶯
壬½۹
ӱչгٹȫټ飬ڸ߸ϵĵ֮ϣڹڴţλѾ֪ˡ࣬кμ⣿
۹߼һλ߳Ϊ˵Ȼʮѵãһ̽һ̽漣ʵܳûץסɭ˺ȥĻ»ᱻȻ
֮оϣټٹٲӣһ˵ǰ漣ǣࡢϽͬС
Ͻ׷׹֡

壬д½µ۹
µ۹½һǳصĵ۹µ۹һŮȨ۹ϵŮۣµ壬Ȩ߽ŮΪԵλ΢ҲǴ½ϵһ⡣
ӭŮۣ
۹߰˳ɶŮŮ۹ҲǷƮķɣŮķ񣬺޵۹еİ
Ů۲齣һֳͷ̬⣬źɫȹһ˫޳֣°⣬ջ֧СС񽣰ͷ𣬾ɫգȾ£üһɫӡǣ֪ӡǣǴװΣ
ᡢȡԣַۺϣ
Ҫȥһ˻ɭ֣ʮʥŮУ׼
ŮûѯʻûзΪŮһֱϲ漣ĸڷŮ۶漣̻漣ǶǳȤ˭ʱ򳪷

ҹɭ֡
һȺҹۼ鹬
ɭ֣ǲ֮ɭڵô֮ɭоķԴأ
˵漣Ѿˣҹľͬһ鲻ܲע
ҹ漣ѾɹǱҪ漣ǰæǵ֮
ʼͶƱɣ
ҹľῪʼͶƱȻҹû߳ҹ֮ɭ¹ش󣬼ɹеĤĻᣬͬμ漣Ӷͨˡ

ڤ
½һ½ƣߵá
һҾ޴ôջ߻Ӱ֮УƵڤ︡һ׵ĵܰڻͻɫ֮ϡ
漣յʱܡ
ҪǰѰͨ
׼ǰ漣ǡ


»治
Ǹðݷһˡ


602 Ծ
½һƬȻƽضһס
漣Ǹոսµ׳٣Ŀǰ½ȫأȻַôһξĻ顣
ɭʲô
Ҷǣ
ǽһӰɭֳк͵³ǸݵĻҵشھɭˣŶ̶̼ʱ䰡ܱȵùЩżǧĵ۹ô
˵ˡ
漣Ǿɭ˷ߺ쵼ߣк֮Ĺϵƽȵģֻһжѣֻкٶûк
ƾʲôʲôѴ½˵ĴۺͰе漣᣿ǴݻǴӵλֻߴӰ˵ֻһµ漣ǲܸЩȻģ
Ǵ۾ܵĵ۹ͬˡ
Щﶼڳﱸǰ漣ǻڸ;У۳Уε׳ۣȻһ·ĿҲεİ¼Ӱָһ漣벻ͷˡ
漣ˣаɭֵȫ漣ǺͳӸˡ
½ǧֹ飿
췢һѣô
ѰζǣƫԶİҹɭ֡ڤϢΩƫƫɭĴǬ۹ûյκ롣
дǬڴǬ۹֪Ϣʱһƽһ촷ۣø漣ǣһƴͼϷ졢¡򡢰ҹɭЩԿۣ
ˡϽӰǬ۹۷Ǭ۵ķŭһ
Ӱߵȫս²࣡
Ǭʹ߸ոյȺ̸ú飬һתϢ©˳ȥɭ˿ʼǬ۹ôһ׳нİ취Ǭ۹ʱݽǳε״̬
һжѾˡҡҡͷ̾һսϾһŷǳõӣֻ԰Ϊ֮ͬСɣƴá
Ӱǰ˵ǬۣĩΪ漣˳ٿԸ򣬲ƽӥԶɭ֣Ϯ漣ǣһٽΪƽأ
漣볶Ƥ죿
Ǿ漣ǻûǰȽ漣Ǹ
ǰ֪ôʹԴǬеҲֱĴǬ֡漣һ˳չ漣γɸֺϵǸʱ˶Ͳһ׵ˡ
վԵԲӣ漣һǲΪݣҪĵǻɭĸߵءɭ֣ŵ½ɹģѷɫһеսɭֵۺʵʵѾһϵսƽӥЩǿ
ӰЦ˵ﱼϮɭˣֻ漣һǶѣɭôüԮôһ漣ǾߣѵɭЩں֮ڸ׷Ǭ۹
ҡҡͷ˵Ҷ漣ǵ˽⣬漣ǾǿԶͨѶģоŹܲԷ֣һ漣Ƿˣ֪ͨǰԮ
ƽӥŵٶȣɭ˾ԮӼ֮ǰ͸ϵ漣ǣǸϵ漣ǵʱǶѾ漣Ϊƽˣξ֮УӰƺ漣ǵļοǿԶûڻǰ漣ǾȻǴڣ
˻ǲͬ
漣ڻɭ룬ڴ½Ƿǳ͵˭Ҳ֪е׻ŶٲΪ֪ܺǬ۹óȻ漣ǣ۹Сһʧܶ˵۹棬ǿɾһˡ
ӰֱӶǬ˵۶ᣡ
Ǭһȱ˰οǬ۸ûְѳϷƽӥһֻޣʮ֮Ƴǣ
ĩ
γ̾ǬΪ˰ԵС漣ˡ
ƽӥǴǬ۹ƾ֮һǴǬ۹ɨ˻ĵľ֮ʦһͷƽӥޱѾʵ3ħˡ
3ħʲô
൱龳ʿ
龳ʿСֱǽڣڴҲǵλ磬ս棬ôܳΪ߼졣
ƽӥ
൱ʿ
ÿһƽӥػ䱸һʿ
һ֧ģĻƽӥӣʵʮ鼶ս۹ܾ߱ĵ̺ʹκսΪ֮ŷɥˡ
˹ģӻԸһɢɭˣ
ܣ
Ҳ漣ӡ
Ǭ۹ƽӥžͶʮѡ
˾ҲûˣƽӥŶûа취漣ǣ˵ȥġ
Ǭ۹Чʷǳߡ
ո´ڶ쾣Ӱˣ˾Ӱһλ߽ʿ֮⣬֧ӻ䱸ʮ˸ʵǿߣձ鶼ң⻹䱸һֻޡ
һľ3ħޣ
ħûʲôսȴԼĴģ¥ڻǰҲٵĻӰӶž췽ʽ
Ǭ۹ĻƽӥǿڻԲϢĿ漣ǣӶͻϮ
Ȼ뷨ʮá
Ǭ۹ȴ̫͹漣ǵ
ƽӥδִɭֵʱǾѾ漣ǲΧĿмվ⵽ˡ漣ǵ췽ʽ̽ԭ̽ⷽʽֱӸӦ˾θûʲôЧ
Ϸվ⵽ǿȶʮ־˵ﲨ
ԷһȺ߼ħ޺͸߼ʿħϻƽӥƽӥǴǬ۹Ĳӣ֧ԴǬĿԸߴ99%漣ǵĿԸߴ99%뾡÷׼
æ漣ǲֳͻȻϢʱҲǴһ
Ǭ۹ȻֱӴݻ漣ǣδҲ̫ԵǿӲˣ
æѳԲߡ
ʲôԲߣ
Ȼ
۾͸Ҵ
챾ͱˬΪǬ۹ʺó챾׼ˮٰĻƳ٣ͱһӻҲҵк֮ˡ
þצŭɯϵľɡˡ㣬ȫ漣
漣ϵͳʼѲĿͧսȫأ
漣ǽ翪ʼܣ׼߼
֪һսܲˣ̿ʼȥ漣ʮ̨ԿʼͬʱæŸս׼ͬʱҲݺԤƽӥж켣ٶȡսٽ漣ҳʺϵսʽ
漣Ѿˣ
һǳСĵˣ֪漣漣ŵ֮ԴӾǳĳϽ֮δʱһֱڵԷϵͳзͶ롣
ô˵ҲҽȥǧԪʯˣ
Ϊûз漣ǵսҲȫ漣ǵķһβԵĻᣡ
漣ҲԽ۹ֱӽ˷شǬôЩͶǬͼԸ漣ǵʵ¾͵úúÿǿˡ


603 漣
ƽӥѾִɭ֣ٶȷǳ죬ȴϢΪƺһ޷ֱ͸Ĥһ޴ݰŶ档
ӵ棬գκνǶȡ
ȫû취ƽӥһ˿Ӱӡ
ӥһ־߱Ѫħޣ˫չаҵĳȣģӥĽϣǵٶȾˣͨط˾߱ǿսлƽӥӥУΪɫһƷ֡
ƽӥ㹻ÿһƽӥ޵ıϣȫվϵĳţΪһ˴Žɫȫյʿףʽӥʿӵ龳ΪֳֳȻʿӶѣҲǾоӢװǷǳ
ӥսӺܶ࣬ľžȫӵǴﵽǧ֮һҶʮϰ
ʲôã
ƽӥٸ㹻ɻӥսһ˲ӣǵ۹ս֮Ĳࡣ
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۹ĵޱ˵۹ÿһҪţȫǾϮۣһ˵۹սô࣬õ½ȥǾ޷һ
漣ĳս磡
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ӰǾɱţˣαس˹ģĻƽӥأֲǹɭֻ룬ֻҪ漣ǣ
ȻΪ߲ӱ࣬漣ŴǬ۹ȥθôǬ۹ܶӣĻǬ۹ĵ۵ĵطһѵ
£ǾͿִ漣ˣ
Ȼ漣Ǿһξ룬ԾӰΪѾܹԶԶؿ漣λãٶӾԵִ
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ûеıҪ
ӥǳǿʮʮҹҲӰսΪܸ漣һֲӰֱӷ
Ӱʿ׼漣ǷʱͻȻ䷢һЩԾĵطΪʱ漣ǷĹˡ
ȻƵԶ̵
漣ǻǳˡ
Щٶȶʮ٣ﵽʮ屶ĵزԲκʿܷӦģǾӰĸ߽ʿҲеȻ𾪡

漣
Ǳˣ
󽫷׷ɫ䣬Ƕ֪Ϊʲôᱩ¶лڻ𣿲ڲǸþȵʱΪӷִֵٶʵ̫죡
ƽӥûκαӹģôӴҲƶܡ
һöö鵱С
ƽӥɲǼը˻
漣軨ʱ䣬üʮͶķԴӲ漣Χ侮Щ⼸ʱѾ׼ģǿɺɱʿΪгԽƵûյĿܡ
ƽӥʱ⵽ش
⻹ǿʼܵըٶȣҲ㣬߿ը׹䣬˻ƽӥŵͷ˸еӹǣЩըûһŴ䵽ɭﱬըȫڰоˣ
ƽӥûκ׼֮£ͻȻ⵽ҵĿը˵ƽӥŶǸ֣ҲܲǿҵĹô̶̼ʱǧս
ԴǬ۹˵Ǿ޴ʧ
Ӱû뵽սûг״죬ûü͵Ϯ漣ǣǱ漣͵Ϯˣŭ֮£һкȫȫ
ƽӥŵǵ۹Ӣ
Ȼܵӭͷش죬ǼӰȷ濪ʼƶʶҪʼٽǿжܼĴ漣Ƿȥ
ѾûαװıҪˣ
ֹͣβҰͷųȥƽӥ޵ͶӰա
Ҳǻ޵Ļ֮һĻӰܹԼ棬ǵζȫһģһһܹײƻĻþЧ
ɢ
ƽӥʿɢһܱܶкըݽӰ棬漣Էֱ档
漣ǹȻֹͣ䵼
Ч
漣Ȼǧٵ
ԪڣԪڣ漣̻ỹĹʱǼǲ϶ܲʱǾѾɱʿˡ
漣һʱͻͽԴԼзͶ붼ǰ޷ģЩԪڲҪ˵ɱʿǵͼʿжԲ˶ߣ
µطǣͨԪںը֮⣬漣ǷȺɽһЩ̱ͨԪҪԶֹҾȷȷǳˣÿһֶһֻޣ
һӥʿʱ
ڰɢȻһѰѾ޽ڰػӿ˲ͶԻƽӥɴ
ʲô
Ӱȫˡ
漣ǵе׼漣ڶõֱδŵġر˵ǴǬ۹ˣ漣̻Ҳ֪Ĵڡ
Ϊǿ漣ǵķѡüɽͽи죬վǿԪڣ
ͨԪǲͬģͨԪǼһ緢γɸܶѹڵɱ˵ˡԪ߾ֱӽɽ֮ϣɽԴӦ豸ԼƵʲӶγɼЧ
ʽ롢ٶȡȷȶܾˡ
γɳԵļи޴Ŀ꣬ɨˣ
ʮԪͬʱ䣬ʮڿвϻ裬ΪԿƵĹϵǲܱɵĻӰƭȵһʱɱ˻ƽӥŵĻ֮󣬽ֿʼɱƽӥޡ
Ԫ̫ǿˣ
ƽӥһɨҲ˲ɽ̿
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ƽӥŵѾʼЪ˹ˡ
ƽӥŶûִ漣ǣѾһ
˭ֻû뵽漣ǵķôǿƽӥŲǾ񲿶ӣʹܵش죬Ȼûкˣʼ漣ǿ
ƴž޴ۣƽӥǴԪڵĹ档
漣ܸûа취˰ɣ
׿Щ˵漣ʲôƽӥŶԿ
ڻƽӥѾ漣ǷΧ֮ڣ漣ܲڳպͷΧըɣ벻Ҫͬھ
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ӰѪ죺ΪƾǿȻǽܵסǬľӣ
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Ӱվ޽ʱı鶼ˡ
ʱվ޽һٶܺɫսÿһɫսǧֵӰЩ˶һֵĻףȻȫշС
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604 ȫʤ
漣ǵĿо½κιҶһ
漣ûħޣҲûȥļʿȻʮɭ֣رǵرõļأǵļྫ񣬻ļɭ壬齨ǿĶħţΪ漣ǽʱ̫̣оһ֧;ţ
漣ǵĿƼֲκβ㣡
漣ǵĿվԿƼ졭
֧ӸոճֵĲӣҪ֧սɡ
һǿսӡ
սļƻ漣ǼͻƺԪԪƼʹԽԽ죬˳漣ǵһսΪʱޣܹҲҶѡ
ҿս峤˰ңһްԣȫװǧֲŵڣװԪڡԪڣԪڵȵȡ
սǳӴ㹻ԴװãԴӦǳǿҲʹϵͳͷϵͳǵܹʹüֺܳǿıռ䱾ܹγɳǿܣǱһ֧ΧʱҲѱơ
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ڶս
ɫսѾʼˮʮٵѲúɫгǿԣؿսܳΪһѰʱܴ̳ȥļ⵶
ǻʿ
漣̻б½κεطһûгħޣҲ߱Ƕ漣رƵķսװסֻʿǵڱֹԸӥŲӵ棬ǵսǿ󣬶Ҿ߱Ҳǿֵܹ鼶Ĺ
ƽӥſʼ漣Ƿ
漣Ǻɫɣ
ɭֵǶԴǬ۹˵漣ȴǲֵһᣬӷһֽͻˡ
ʱҲûмֵ
漣ǿվȫ̿
ﲻпͧսױɽͷ÷ڡǹеڵķչ¡⣬»ʮͷľͶλԱˣ̩̹ɡ㡢ˡɭ˶ǿߣԱж˶Эս
漣˵࣡
漣Ǳݻˣ˿ɾͳˡ
Щгᵽ˵ĺôѾ벻漣ǣ˵漣ܵϮʱǻ᲻ǰЭ
Ǭ۹漣˾չҽ֣
ӰԼжôˣ漣ڲ֮ǿͬнǸ߽ʿѾֺüλЩڵ۹Ҳ϶ǿߵļһһƬͽʿֱײӥʿͲǵĶ֣
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ھӰΪ漣ûǿʿ
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漣ǲ߱һ֧ĿվפŴ壬䣬ɭػ˹Ϊף˹ΪͲؾͣȾ˹»Ҫǿ٣
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ƽӥ׼漣ǱʱͻȻһ벻鷢ˡ
漣λñҫ۵̹⣡
һɻ´Ӵл
漣ڳǱһɫĽ棬û뵽漣ǻһ磬ӰϽӽֹ֮ÿһ˶Ȼķ֣Ȼûܵʲô
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ĺ漣԰ʵͨͷųǿ
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ƽӥ赲ڽ档
漣ǽǰȴ޷Ϊ
·ź漣ǲӷ׷漣ǿʼƽӥɱǿܼĻƽӥŵڲ
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ͨԵʵʱط֣Ǭ۹¶һĨʤ΢Ц
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бܽѣȻ׷ɱҲû˼˵սʤǬ۹һ˲õ飬ҿ׷ɱǣֱӰѾӿȥһưȺ
ͷҲôģ
Ӱʾ뿪漣ʱֱ漣Χըñʣ಻Ĳһֻƽʨʿ˻ɭ֡
漣ûиϾɱҿսֱȫȥ
漣ǵ췢ȫ
ɭɻܴǬ۹ƾ֮һĻƽӥŵ׳٣˲ͱɭֺҲ
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Щһζ벻漣ǾȻǿᵽ˵ز۹ƾҲ飬ôȺͶǬ۹Ǻܲ
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ϢոͷӦ
ȺһЩĸͺ岿䣬ȫսֽޣŶͶȥˡ
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һ־Ϣ
漣ǵĴȺƺƴ󣬹ģΰ׼ŴʤǬ۹ĻȺǬ۹Ӹײ
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Ҿ޴ޱȵĿͧͻȺϿգ԰ټӺɫսųȫҿսʮͷ»֮½ںÿһͷ϶ŸĶǿߡ
ɯǷģʮľţƻӺȺ
սʵӥսǿȴҲǿް
ʦִսսӦأ
ƽʱ͹ʱûӰæͳθطֿͬʱɳʹϵ죬ϣ̸УԺƽʽ顣
ν²òͷ
漣Ǭ۹ѵôһȺֱͣһըһ͹ĳƽˣ


605 Ͷ
ҿսݻسȺϿա
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Ϊ˲һҪ½أһǷǿ󣬸ӦôӺģУսӵȺΧȺ߱ʮ
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漣ȴûô
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ôҡںᴩȺǿӲԵֶ˺ߣƵԻκηֶ漣˾ǰ߹һһ
ɭ˵ǿԴֱʽӽÿһս˵УԺҲɭԡ
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ʱȫ׼ֻҪһ£̼ͻӭһԵĿը
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Ѿǳˣ֪漣ǾǽӣҲϴǬ۹ͼԸɭˡǬ۹Ȼǿ󣬵վԶڼʮ֮⣬ɭĸھһʱԸǡ
ѵָǬ۹ȣ
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漣Ǻɭûݻս
սʵ˿ڶࡢӴάһƽҪڣôһҪǳ߽⣬ô𶯵϶ӵԳ˵ûʲôô
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˵ŵˣǸ̫ˣ³˹ڵͷĻôȺһɭ˻漣ǣԸһڳưԵ˵׽ܵģ
ĿɨͣյĿսջ˾ҽܣ
ɭҪô֣²òͷ棬ɭڳȺΪƽضǲܵġ
Ҫǡ
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Ǭƻȫգ۹ܵǰδеҼ̤Ǭܻ׵ӡ
ͨѶƵ֪ͨ˵죬ҵõϢѾҪִ漣ǣǱ뾡ȥ׼ˡ
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󲿶ӺƺƵķ漣ǡ
漣Ǿе漣ŷǳҪ壬漣ɭȫ½ĵһһǰδͻͽ


606 
һԻ͵ʤոս
漣ٿʹ漣ӭʷԵһ̡
ӨӨڳǱһɢ˳ѲԼĳС
λú͸߶ȿȥ漣Ƕ۵ףΪ漣˳ٿ漣ǿǷһ򣬸ֳ޴ĴӰͲнǽ䣬ÿһ洫Ӱﶼ棬ӻ԰ʻǰѴװļ
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˭뵽δĴУһǮֻһС㱻СУ
ǰľǳ⣺ҿǬ۹У漣ûʲô𣬷һõ漣ǰڳӭӸҿɾ̫ûˣ
ӨӨЩʮֽŵʣǰô᲻ⰡЩǴ½ԵıǣѲܰһˣ
ӨӨĵĲûеİ
һǬ۹Ѿ漣Ǹоܴѹˡ
Щ漣֮Ǽʶ漣ǵĿƼȫ̰Ӷ֮ģƳ漣ǽгָӦأȫߣǾͼҪ½Ϊа
漣ǶԸһ۹ʮǿô۹ͬʱ»ֻڵϦ֮ɣ
ȻöǸۣǻ˴˼ͻµ۹ͷ۹û򡢰ҹɭ֡ڤȵȣһģܵģӨӨС֣ң֮漣̻ᷢչ½ÿһ䣡
ӨӨͷǶô׵飬һĻһģ
ǹ˹ӨӨӣװСӨӨһĵȻˣΪδôʮأ
ӨӨһƤĶ飡
죬ǵĴ᳡ϡͨѶ洫Сע⣬״ϵͳ׽ɷǳǿڿһǸˡЩǧƢһգúýӴһ£Ҫǡ
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漣Ұ֮ڣͷħޣ̤նУѸٶģǳص㣬ʨͷ¹ǣۣۡţβһ壬Ө̤磬ǵϢǿ󣬶ٶȼ졣
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漣ǹȻ鴫Ůۼ漣иƽֵĽͨ洦ɼǰδŵģ˵ǰǬ۹ɳƽӥ漣ǣǬҲûзȣûѣ﷢ôأ
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Ů˳һȥһǳ߹Ƿǳзһ񣺡½һŮۣķԶȴ˵˾ޡ
漣漣᳤̻ܻɭ᳤졣Ůۿų죬ЦϣȶʧׯóԺջ˵ҺϲĶ絽µ۹ҷߡ࣬ʦô
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ҵǺԸЩţҡͷ˵ҵδ޻Դ׵ģһֻСĸϻҿɲҵ
ӨӨոȷʵЩԴףôһ˵ʱðɣŮۣҽ
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ʱƹȥҲ̶ԷŮ˵漣ǵĴ᳡ѾúˣŮȵ漣ιλڿᡣ
Ů۶漣ǺܸȤ漣Ǹһǰȷܴ仯ڸʩѾȫˣͨƽͷգŮ۷ֻҪطһֲ˼
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ⲻ˵֪һǷ۹ķˣǼŴǷŮۣǷۣݶǾͷǿģΨܹ͹ǵݡ
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컳ɷǲҪ漣ˣϾϹƺϹ岻˶λ̻λ۰Ϲջȥ㲻þͻȡܣϹǺǱģ漣̻᲻ȱٵҪԱ
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ôܣ췭ۣҲ˵ϹǵĽ飬۹ܸϹģ漣ʮĸοϹѧϰҴڵġڼʶ׹֮󣬲ϹΪʦǺõģͽܣ
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ЩŶô½һȻȫ۵漣ǣ漣ҲʽĻˡ


607 ᳡
Ůۡۡ޴ۡҹڤڤϣλһλһ䣬һ䣬һ䣬ڶѾ漣ưٺˡ
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޵۹ͰҹɭУɭµ۹Ҳǵˣ۹밵ҹɭҲйڣڤ򾭳ȥֺͷµ۹۹ϵţ۹ͷµ۹ǻ࿴ߵľ֡
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ÿһŶ۷ˮƽⱾû˼ûĿܣʱ˿ȫ߱ʶĽʵЩˡ
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漣ھռô
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ŮվǾˣûκʧ̬ǳ򶨻ӻ֣ŷŮھ޴ޱջ᳡һȦ֮ڻ᳡ĸ̨֮ϡ
Իׯϱ
漣̻λ᳤ֱܻϣȫΪλԤģŮһ֮ϡ
ʱλҲ½½ˣÿ˶һͷݾţȫһȦ֮ĳ֮ϲ
ãλѾˣʽʼɡվ˵λ¶Ǵ½ͲöѿҽˣҾλ½һ»᳡ɡ
Ҳܺ档
Χɽ˺кü˰ɣ
û˻ʲôͬʱô˾һ𿪻ᣡ
ֳĸλֵܽãȫ˸صģһƬԴĹһƬԴܹһƬԴκб֡࡭ǰֳλ߹İˣ
ָֽһߣһЩι״ɭ塣
ֱɭ֡ĸߵءɽ롢³ǡǡķǡɭֳλ߹ˣ
򵥽꣺ûд漣ᣬܹг߰ͬʱڳͬʱȫתɭǸʮˣȫֳܿʵⳡ飬ⲻ֤˵ķ٣֤漣̻ǿĿƼ֤½ԪƼԪ꣡
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608 ͷ
漣ٿȷʵʮִæζžһܲʡ
漣ǰ漣̻ѾѴʱо潨裬ɭֺҪж˾֮ĳء
ЩѾΪ˳ԱҪֳ֮һÿ¶ܸ漣̻ǧԪʯ롣
漣̻ھҰģǽ켸ô򵥣
һнΪˡ
漣ٿ֮ǶڸԳУͨ豸Ӷ侳ֳΪ漣᳤̻򲻶ͶŬ
Ǿ漣̻ḱ᳤ܻ漣˸鳤Сⳡᣡһӭ
ظǳ޲˷ܻ
漣ǡ̻ᡢ˵ʵƶߡ
ľǿɣÿһ˶Ŀãûĵ֣漣̻չûôףο豾һǵĴŮ˸Ƕż񼶵
Ǿþ˵ˣԶ棬ܻӳ˵һѻӭλ漣ǵĳ滰׻Ϳʼ⣺漣ǷϣҪһƷƷ漣̻һʱзڵȶ죬ʵܶѾµˣûдǾͷ;
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漣᱾ͨУϾͷ֮󣬴صˣȫܾۼһطӶʵ־滥ھͷǻкܶ಻⣬ʱҲ֪ƷжǱ
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̧֣᳡ƾճһ޴Ļֻоݶֶϸط硢ˮ⡢׵ȵȣڴ˥ݡ
֪κһֳڴУǶŴʱͿռ䣬Ӷ˥䡢ĵΪǽʱջ֮ϵģʱշ仯ʱЩҲᷢ仯
˵һ֣оݾͳֳ
Ǿо֣ĴܿռʱӰ졣ܿռֱӰĿֿ꣬ܵʱ١ҪζžʵһʱƽĶˣƼźܳԶĿǰ
ҹ̲סʣôЩôأ
ǵľͷܿռӰ죬ֻҪ漣ǽһķôڴ½κʱκεص㣬ֻҪϾн빦ܵͷôͶֱӽ뾫硣
ΣʱʵʱǿԲԵȵģʵһ죬ʮ졢ʮ졢ǸãζžͷһǴ½ȫ뾫ʱֻҪλ漣Ǻǵľ磬һںܶʱ︲½壡
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漣̻ϻȫ塢ʮԱ̨ԣķѾ޴һ½ǽΪ漣½
漣½ƽܹӵʮһУĿǰڳϵС漣½ÿһÿһȫǾǾƺģеÿһжǧ˿ڣвýḻʩľͼݵȵȣзǳҵϵ
⽫һõ磬ÿһ½ҵʵܣѧϰȽ֪ʶ˽̼ðաû漣̻ᷢذƷһ֡Сðա罻ҵѧϰһ磡
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һȫ½޷ľ޴ı䣬ʱĽҲʷĽֳǼ֤ߡ漣ЩưԴ½漣̻Զǿƽ̨Ӯ
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ʵǾƼͨͨѶԴȫпźĴ㣬δǺУЩѿŵġ
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͵̽漣Ǻ͸˾о˾λ˵Ըʽһµ̽վ֧Ƕ̽Դھǿ½Դ
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⣬ǵ£ȫзḻϡԴЩ۹ͷǳǿٽⷽĺϵֱأʹԵ۹չ˵Ҳôġ
漣ǳļѧߣһ뵽ʵҵоȥδڴ½ضŷԺô½˲ŶܸμӵԪƼо
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ֱרŸģ
λﶼûпأһѺôҵ÷ֲ嶫ˡ


609 
漣Ǿġ޿ޡ
λ۶ԴҲ޻˵
⼸λ˵еʮǿ󣬵ҪݻˣһѶȵġϾЩ۹漣̫ԶˣڻдǬ۹ǰ֮ǿ϶漣ǽ
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漣ǸҲȫ½۹Ը漣ǼᵽȥЩ۹ǿô죿
漣ô֮࣬δһʵܴ֮ǿΩǬ۹߳⣬ʱǬۿ³ӶҪˡ
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ϸ漣̻Ἴǰһ飬üλ۶漣ǵһ˽⣬̽־ĺ
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漣ΪܸﵽĿģͷͼ漣ǻ޳ṩ۹۹ͷء漣ǻṩܹʽɣ仰˵ͷٵȫ漣
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ͱĨˣצرסھǳӣڲԴûϣͻȻѴ½δôߣҪָһ·ɡ
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ôǲӵġЦ˵뾡콫ռôַֻУͷǴھ޴ռ䣬ǲҪˣӲ豸ӯһԽУܹ׬׬ģʵӲ豸ռ޴ƽ̨档


610 ͷĸӹ
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˵һǧһ򣬲ۼΪʵ콫һӲ𿪣ȡͷ漣ͷʽ汾漣Ƕڻüʮֻ׼ڷ֮ʽ۵½ȥģλĹܡ
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ͷȥ˲䣬һ΢ľ񲨶ʹݵԣϸ΢΢΢̼һ£ûпܣ漣ͷڷЧ
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ȻⲻʵĶֻǾôԣĤͶӰ˽ǻӰѡ
ѾˡԱ߽˵ڳǰģܹкüѡҪļ漣½⣬оͨѶУ̳ǣĿǰ漣½ûйţûУصҪľ񡣡
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ҪףǳͨѶʽгͨѶʽĺôһܴ鷳֮ڣҪͨѶվ綼ǣǳڹķ޴󣬶ҸǳޣշӯҲʮ鷳˵һͷͨѶôǲҪվм̨һ廯ľնˣ漣ܽܺշģʽ
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Ժǫ˵ֻҪͷڴ½ƹ㣬һͨѶгܰͷ׬ǮȫˡҪһڣͨѶггΪһԴԴϵ
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Լ˽˵̳ǾǵĹٷ̳ǣ漣̳ǵϰ汾ԸͲϣϸ֣ÿ湺漣̳ǵκƷδûʮڰڣССϾ̳ǽϾ֧ϵͳȻΪһ۱裡ɭ˶棡
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Ȼ뵽֧ͨ;̳ǣ½ҪֱӴͷʮϰƷѡˣÿһƷͨӰ鿴ֻҪ˻ǮֱӾ֧ܽ
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漣ͷռ֮бȻͳδ½ãƾһͷͲõĻᱻʱ̭ˣ˭ǰסʱǮ
Щ漣ͷĸǵ漣½Ĵͷ漣½һȫľ޴罻֮£кƷṩ֣ṩκһǱ
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Ϊ˳Աδ漣½ϣȻҲøбͰڻýͷ칫׬ͷǮʧ𣿡


611 ﱸ
ڼǳ׳뷨ˡ
漣ͷҪֻռг漣ͷɸбزٵһ֡
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쿴ʣôڷỹ󣿡
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616 
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ǳʵȷȷʵʵڣڶһ޴ڡ

֮֮ǿ飬Сɳڤڤʹһзϵı䡣
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һ޴౧סʶᾧʶᾧڿڣΪʼһħ޿ޣΪͻˣ
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ͻƣޱޱ漣Ｄ˵Ҳ̫˰ɣ½˶ô
ϹƹһЦϴôԣ
ӨӨ¶ϲɫ
Խţ˵ͻԽף˵ͻջ޴󣬳龳Խ򾳽磬ҲʽӴ½һпԽ½ǿߵУʵķԾǾ޴ͻƣ
ʵƹ漣̻ȫԴ
̻Դһﵽ򾳽硣
һżΪȻϲɺأԳ˵ǣΪʶʶôȵѾԽʥ磬Ӷﵽ𡱾磡
΢ۣĵƣʥ
ʶﵽ磬ʶҪ˵ʱڻĹʱҲǷǳģһЩħҲ𾳽ʶѡ
һʶﵽ𾳽֮
ϵͷԱ仯
仰˵ѾȽͣʹܵˣҲɢʹͷ⵽شƻ˼Ҳжϣǲʶĺô
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ھҲܳںܳʱ䣬ԴûҲܱ˼ʶɢ겻˵ֱǲġ


617 ҩ
콥Ϣѣ˫۵ʱĿз·оɫâת
˹˹£μż̽ļλʱ˿̶ۼڳߣǱвͬΨһͬ𺳺;塣
ܲһǿߣһ綼ͣ˭ͻƵ򾳽ʱ춯ص˵ˣʷϣҲû˵
ܲ𣿳żֱʶԿʶʶͲдƬתɣ鶼ǲĴڣΪֹû˵ʲôֱɱ顣ʶ忰ưĴڣȻָɵˡ
ɫâתĿӣɵûһ类ħӣ޲еη𺳡
⻪ָֻƽһǰϢҪʵϴﵽ֮󣬾ĿħѣڿʼĿħԪӳ򾳽龳粻ʵ֣Ǹߵ͵ȵķֽߣݵһҲܻ˰һǧ꣡
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˹¼ǵһǰɭֻ֣һ龳綼ûеĻʿǰǰ겻ʱ䣬Ȼɴ󲿷־궼·
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˹΢΢һЦ˵ϲΪȡشͻƣ
ŭצɯǰϲûдﵽ򾳽磬۳ĵλٸߣͷȻᱧһ˿ƫǳһﵽ򾳽ʵǵλڶκƽƽˡ
һγʵͻƣǸͻƣ漣ǵͻƣ콫һٵ춨ɭݣ漣ҲΪɭֵĺġ
ͷ˳ƿҲλڻȥٺúñңżô
˹Ե÷ǳսʤʶĸ֮ʿѾ޸ѾԿ񹬲ھżıˡ
쿴һԱߡ
һŰ޹Ĺ򾲾
ʶĸѾֹתЩǿʿʱʧȥǵıԴûΪʶ屻ɵɵ
ʶͷųʿ֮ԴʶʿûκεųУһʿԴâΧٴηһֱһߴľˡ
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ʿ֮ľͷԭأûпһ
ӵܱƣô֮ϣѾ޵аĴڣֻǷǳϧܴرȥƾɾӣܹ۹ˡ
ӽ쿪ʼ񹬺żɰҹأһΪ񹬽촫δֱ밵ҹɭӡ
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οżɰҹ鿴أھø漣ǵϽУҹҲܳԶʳɵʶĸԴͨżû
ȻҲֶܿ顣ָŴ˵Ȱż̽һ顣
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Сд⣬ñӲſʼѰ
С棬Ƭ̵Ĺ򣬲ժʮƷϳҩЩҩǶԳԼûȥãǺмֵġ
СȻŵʲôرζǳضԳȻ£컹ûüףȲżȥ
С꣬㣬ô£㷢ʲôˣ
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ѨһСĳӣˮɫ͸Һ壬ܹоǹļ;ѪɵģƷܸʣ˳ѷ̥塣
ˮظŴҶÿһƬҶӶƷҶλãһ걥ɫ䣬仨ľͷųһּ亱Ϣ
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ԶԣһԵıҩ˵ļ򵥵㡭ҩ


618 ȡ
½ϵȼΪͨ鼶ʥɼ񼶡
ЩУرҩУֻ㹻ܳΪҩʥҩҪָָֻ̣ĵطܲҩγɲҪʱͼ̵ĻҪ߱һЩ컯Եܵ˸ӵĿ
ڳڳǰıҩʵһѾԵҩȻȫҩﵽ񼶵ˮƽ
ҩж
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Ϊҩ߱ԣħͬһʱĴ½֮󣬴½Ѿ߱ҩˡ
걦ҩܴﵽڳ̶ȣҪܵ뾫־ʮղųɳֵزһ꼸ıҩɼҩҲȲһꡣ
̲ס¶һ΢Ц꣬ģμһδ󹦣ȥ͡
С궢ҩֱˮҩ붼ˡһһͰԺóԻһҩСԵһǧʥҩԣӲЧСԸһҩһģ漣̻ڱ£ռһǧ4ʥҩȻ˵ҲвСѶȣһ4ҩȻǿġ
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Χγһ޴Ȼһֻɫͷɫ벢ʵ壬û̺ʵҲûʲôˡ
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ˮұӲȿȸȴһѴ̽ĵӣ׾˽ȥΧѺʮ׷Χι֮ɴ˿ɼһˡ
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첢ûǿѹҲûа취ǿѹơ
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쳤һҩװãҩѾ߱ǿԣû뵽Ҳѳʶʵһ㣬û취
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˳⣬С겻ָõҩֲȫϵƷС겻ȥȫժⲢб˽ˡ
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һγǸƷҩժõҩ棬ȫ3ƷģֵȼƷҩΪʿʵ3ƷҩЭͻƾ硣
仰˵
һҩȥ͸ңܱӨӨС㡢ޱޱϹƵȵȣЩ龳ҪѵģһʱھԿԴﵽ򾳽硣
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ﵽ򾳽֮ʵͺҵΪıҩΪ½4ϲϷǳ٣Ƿ4׼ĲϣҩЧƷʶʥƷΪƷʣͨʥƷ϶ʿΪޣο
ΪʲôͷһôãͣغȡôпһҲˡ
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Щҩδһʱ
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ʵͻơ
漣ǿϲɺصĺ£


619 ƻ
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С㣬Ҹʲôöˡͳһڴʶᾧʶﵽĵƾ磬ЩɲݰӨӨ򾳽϶ڻ£С
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׼Ӵʹʸ䷢ͬʱӴ͸ʣδǴһ룬漣ǶܳΪɭ½ĳС
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ÿһͨĴ;۶һ֮䡣
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ƻڸشھ𵼵侮粿߿ռڵȵȣЩҪԴԴԪʯġ
ϸ鿴ƻͷʮôȥɣԪʯȥԪʯдͶֵ
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˻ϣٳһƹңѡһλͳôͳֱ쵼
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620 񲼾
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췭ۣǼ漣ЩţһƬĸϲС½ǵƵճҿ϶׬Ǯ⣬Ҿ漣ͷھƵʽΪ׬һʾѡ
漣Ǵüʮͷһֱû
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˵ʲôأƵɣľѳۣѲɻ˰ѾƵɣֻøųȥ½ҲݻƵ꣬ʲôӡ


621 Ƶ
漣˿ռƵ꣬漣
ҴƵ꽨˾ڣһķ޽һٶݻΪӥսֹϵһʱ䣬ȻѾɹ±ӥӶѾƶﻹǮȥ
ӨӨ֪֮󣬴ôķ̫ϧޱޱ£óһԪʯȫ޺ɭɳ㹤ٶȽ޽
ڹҡһΪ漣ռƵꡣ
½һпռĴƵꡣ
漣Ҫ޺ûҪʱ䣬޺òԿʼ⿪ŲӪҵˡ
쿪ҵһ졣
ͷﶼ֪ܵͨ
ȻûǿҪμӣǴâûֹͣĹ壬ɭ峤ϣ⻹˻ǿߣħ뵽ֳ
漣Ͷʲν
ｨ쵥öϵͳԼһԱǻˣչ漣ǵԪƼĻ
죬㣡
ӨӨޱޱǰ
Ĵ
Ǳ֣Ϲüɫ˵˭ҲզӣοǴ½һҿռƵ꣬Ϊֹߵĵط˭鿴أҿ˶ǵ۹ģЩһɵǮ࣬úһ٣
۹˹ȻռС
˳ԱУҵܾܶûѣǬ򡢽ȵȣ漣̻ꡢʵȻǧ׵ȵϳԱԼӰȼӵȵȣЩ³Ա
ЩڲԱ⣬иף췴ûȻǿ϶漣̻λ͵ĸ߲Աˡ
᳤᳤ܻܻ
Щ漣Ǹ߲ԱߵʲôطڶͷĴǺףݺ͵λ˭ģرڼƴʱһֵʮֹ
ҪҸ
漣ռƵһ޽ռʵǳӴԳ԰˹ɽȵȣֹһʮС٣ס޷޵˰١
Ƶ漣֮ͨƵһ
ǽשǽӣȫǴӰĻ̸ǶɵģЧõ豸뿪ᡢʽǸ㷢ᣬֻ߽磬ܸģκγ
޹Ƿܵÿһ޹涼й̶ʽװãװʵǹܸǿľͷܹṩͷĹܺ֡
ʳƷûһƷ޲Ƕʢ硣
Ӿƣɲ裬Ʒ⣬ֱҩʵȵȣΪȫ½ݻѳ׷ݣ׷󵵴Ʒζݹ۴½ʺϵĳ
˲Ԥ
δǿǶ漣ٰϯΪԼߵεʢ磬ӨӨ˾Ƕ׼̻½۹ô࣬½ǧ岿ô࣬ЩǮÿٰһᣬôҲһʷǳɹˡ
â
һ绪Ӱ֡
˼æ񣺡ݼŮ۱£
е㾪ȣ˵۹ˣŮ۶ˣ˲ã߹ȥ֣Ů۱°æǲʤҡ
ŮۺǺǽЦ漣Ǵ½һ޶ĿռƵ꣬Ǵ½ݻѳ۳ǴոսãȻȴҲͬ߼䣬ôܲأ
ӻ֣Ů۱
Ů֮λ
һâ¶ȶ½٣쿴ĿʱıЩŹ
ڤ
ЩȣڤҲ֣
仰Щʧ񲻹ţڤǲòãǸҪԶڤΪܵƵ̫ȥ˹ʲôأ
ڤðźԳ˵˳㣬Ҫ˻һ档
챻ڤ˵һʲôң
ڤ˵ڤѡʮǧϵѧߣǻĬĬʵѧʲȴ½߲漣Ų˲ôʮλߣȻ漣оĪ
ǧѧߣ
ٱѧǧ꣬ҲܳΪ߰ɣ
ڤҲǳڤһȫ漣ǣֱʰȻڤûоյ
ڤ֧漣ǹ쵱ȻмЩ漣ǣһܷӳֵ
ڤԴ˴ʮ⡣
ⳡʽʼ


622 ݳ
ʱѾ
λѣӭ漣ҵֳһǳдֻһŮ룬οҵˣܣ
Ƿ׷׹
㹫Ƿǳġ
ܲѪͳǡԺļ̳ˡ
죬յĻ̻ɾźŵֳݳΪˣѵãǹͬ͡
ʱܹ߰ȥ뱾ƽ棬ͻȻ仺Ȼһ̨ΧҲʼ仯ģɭְľɫһִŵĵطǾƵ꣬һֳʥϢɭ֡
ȡɭ֣ûȥɭֵˣҲ侳ܾɭֵá
ѾҺζ
ݻѾʼ
ֻһ֧ľ黺ǳѾøֽĿֳָʽʼչʾգһλֲʧŵϳܡ
˾ĺ½صͣȫһھɭεľ֮Ŵ½ʳͬʱλһͲͣ
κʱκ
˵ܣⲻʺ;ܣһֵκݵܣ½λ˲ܹڴˣ޷ġ
뼸λһĻ̨͢ѵĹۿݳλá
ݾʾס
˸еۻҡ
ֺչʾÿһ˶еãʱһһҵÿһ˶ָ߹ܸȾǲû漣̻ᴫһҲɡ
һڻӾƣҼǵ̻伸鳤ϰİɣںͦӡ
ǵȻгƬ̻ģԺӰƬ̨ƵҲռݰڽɽءӨӨλۼһԵЩнѹԳ˵ʵ̻ҸޱޱһͶʵģѾֲҵͷδش½го޴ء
һЦǴɶѹַչô˳
ɭ˴ҵȳһֱûѾˡ
漣൱һרͶʣޱޱǽԼ鹫ݣѾҪҵͶһ飬ɭֵľ̻ᣬĻ̻ᣬЩɳǱܾ޴̻ᣬȫ漣̻߲˵Ͷʡ
ݽ֮
ǶЩδ
ûйϵݳʼˡ
ΧɭֻȻ䷢仯Ȼգۼˮ壬ǻɭĵطһȺ߹·ǴӺγʽǳ̨֮ϡ
뾫鶼Ƿǳϸ壬оŶգֵͨȵȣرר質һ̾ͷ²˵ġ
۾ϸһ˭
һǳŮĸȴиȾԣһξ顣
ھ˲ţ衣ӨӨƺԼͶ̻ھĸָе⣺ۿɸߣһݳᣬѾҪԪʯ
һ˳ѸߴԪʯ
ǶСС̻һӶġ
ЩԾЦ˵ǽǳѪ
̻ݳòãӨӨ׳һۣǰԪʯһʲô¡
質ա
ããŮ̫ϲĸˣ֮һҪ۹ݳ
ˬЦ۵Ǹϲıݣ۹ǧҪʼ׼ݳô
ͷ˵ҡ
汻ӨӨѾͷ˵ˡ
ֳ
ˣȻ˵漣׬Ǯ׷ϵ۹׼漣ǲżʷ۹мǧƽÿһԪʯǵҲ漣ǲġ
һƴֻӽְӵļһԪʯ
ҪǱĳۿвݳô˵ҲûüѣȻôԵ۹ʵأ
Щ˱ۼݣԺֻǣǵгƬƷ۸ǣطΪ׷󵵴ΣҲ׷ؽݳġ
¶Ҫ
رϡ
Ǳݳ߻ҪĿˡ
ݾ͵ΪֹҶеǳ񫡣
˽ŻͲڿʼڶڣҲһĿҪڣ漣ͷѾ׼ͳŴ½ֳ漣̻ԴΪ漣ȫ½ۣ
漣ͷʽˣ
ϲ⡣


623 
һĵذϢԴ漣úճ֣綼漣ͷСȻͷѾʼγɹģҪһʱ䡣
λôҳʰɣ
ڼǧλǸĴǲȨǮвСӰڷ۲һԤȣδڴ½ʽʱס
漣Ա׷׿ʼһֻֻ漣رͷ͵
λ漣Ƶ漣ǶԴ˸еǳңȻͷޣóһΪƷ㣬͸λõĶʽ漣ͷˡ
漣ͷֹһ壬ܽ׳λɫʵ漣½⣬ܹơѡͨѶȵȣԲڴˡ
ܽͷǰ
֪漣̻оţ½д֯漣̻Ӫ൱һ֣ȫǱͶ˿оԺֲأʽоԱﵽʮģټӺڲŸǹģͶ룬½ٵĶˡ
Զͷ
Ҳ޾ˡ
вò
漣̻оͶʶԪʯÿһ¶ϸ»ٷ֮ʮϣĲ˵ʮоԱʣͲһܸ֧οкܶԴѡ
ӴǿоǮʲô
ͶǾȻԣΪһƷзٵɹҪһ൱̲ܱɲƷκһڳͶͶˮƯˡ
漣̻ҵܶ࣬ӪչģǳӴ󣬵󲢲̫ߣ׽⣬ҪԭڿзͶ̫
Ŵڶ漣̻ž޴壬漣̻زٵġ
߸ָ֮£ṹӴṹЧʽתϰٸţǧСĿȫһϹĿÿ춼гɹ֣ÿһδֳܱʮٱֵ
Ͷʺܴ
δջر
ƷѾΪ漣̻ĿǰصƷ֮һܼ˵Ǹ᳤ܻ渱֮£ѾҵξŸˣڲڴ½ظļǧרң׼漣ǵľģΪṩǿֺ֧ͱϣδһи๦ܱ
ֳ˷׷׹
һܴ
һص㣬һͶôɴ˿ɼ漣̻漣ͷжôǿҵκڴ
ôྫ񹤳ʦƴ֮£δͷ;϶ԽԽ࣡
Щ̲סʼʡ
ôͷʲôʱۣ
԰ۼ۸Ƕ٣
ΪҴɣ½ͷģݲͬͬȣͷʱ𣬸λԹעԵΪ漣ͷԤȣ漣̻Ὣη֮ʮʮֻͷԾ۷ʽ漣̳ǵ¼볢Ҳͨͷֻ¼鿴ҲԵڸص̳ʵѯ
˶¶ϲɫҲеơ
ֻʮͷ
½˿ڼǧڣƺ̫һ㣡
Ծ۷ʽŵ漣̳ǽۣ¼۸ᱻ÷ǳֲɣϴȱǮˣȻٹǾڸͷΪ缸ʱ飬ǲϧһǧ
ֳ˿ʼͷ˺ܿ췢⣺漣½Ϊʲô޷½طʲôʱ򿪷š
漣̻Ҫĵ飡µ˻ôʣʮ𾴵᳤漣漣᳤̻ܻˣ漣̻ϴʼ֮һڵԴӨӨˣλˮٰ漣½һʽһϲ
ʮ֮Ϳ
޲¶ϲ֮ɫ
ڳҪӨӨٰ飬ҲǸеǳעȻǹעǻǽŻᣬǿԳûֺó죬漣ڴ½ӰԽԽ󣬸漣̻ùϵ׼ûġ
ܰѸȫ˵ˡ
˿ʼԳԺȺȡ
ⳡݻµʢСʱŽβŮۼ˵Ҫ漣޵ס죬漣̻ᵱȻ֮ãѶߵˣЩס漸춼ǴԪʯ
ӨӨһӪҵ鿴˾ѰǧԪʯܹǧ˲μӣӪҵϼǧԪʯ۵ɱ׬ǧԪʯ
һǧ
ҲǴһ
˾ѰǧԪʯѸߵЩˣ
ǧԪʯʲôôһЩСС壬ʹǰȫҲܲЩ漣һٵѡ
Ҳ˵Щһжǿ
漣ǴƵ׬ˣ
⻹ֻһʼ
ޱޱ˲ƹ漣̳׼ʼ漣ͷ漣ͷһδǿɲܴĺûᣡ
ãӨӨզȥ
ǣӨӨǱģ漣̳ǳԾͰ衢ܣҪԱȫѾȴʱˡ
ʣôģʮͷܲһȥɣ
Ȼˣǽоۣʮͷͬϼܣ漣̳ϼңͷ׼ǶԪʯӣ½䶼Աۣ۸ʮ֮ڣô϶ӦԪʯᱻԶ߼֮⣬ԪʯͻԶǿѡҲѡۡ
ԭˡ
漣ǿžڼκεκεطÿһ漣̳ʵֻ豸ܳΪ½˶ͨ漣̳ۣ۽ѡǰʮ˹ͷ
ַʽЧʶֹ
ÿÿֻһͷ
޶ȱһЩϲ⵹ӣģͷָ߼ȥ
ʱ᲻̫ţϹЩûףһûôô죿
ܵģ漣ǧǾͲŹᣬǿ϶Ѹ˶ͨ㲥͸һʱܰϢڹעѾǳˡ
ʲô
ֱӿʼɣ
ѯԵݺͶԽӶ𣿡
漣̳רóԻش˵渱һѾ׼
ͷ˵ǾͿʼɣ


624 
漣̳ѾǴ½̣ͬʱǻʱϹ﷽ʽ漣̳ڴ½Źܵϲͻӭ
ڻͨѶźܹǵĵطͳУǶͨ漣̳йַֻͨͨʽȫ漣̳ƽ̨ȡ漣̳ǵƷϢ
ȻֻϢޣòиϸҪȫǰ漣̳ǵʵ̣漣̳ʵѾǧˡ
Щط߱ٻ۵ĹܣȿԵܵȫİٻ̳䣬ͬʱҲ漣Ĺƽ̨㲻ȫ½ʲôֻԤ漣̻ͻᰲſռƶʱѶ͵ڳС
Ȼ漣̳ǸȺѾʮڣȫ¹ϰ߻⸲ǵʮ͸ʻٷ֮ʹÿһ½׶ҲͻʮʮڹģһµĲڵţ
漣̻ΪƷḻƽ̨ȻҪפ̼Ǿǿ۳͸ɱã漣̳Ҳܻøߴ漣̻漣ǲҪҲǱ
漣̳ǲһ룬ȫͶ̳ΪչѣЩǮ漣̳Ա̳Ӽȵȡ
漣̳ǾѩԽԽˡ
漣̳Ų漣̻ҵǱٽ漣̻ھýڷ
½Ԫʯͨûҡ
ԪʯֵߣʺÿһҶÿһҵĻң漣̳ǽΪһͳһƽ̨вÿһһһʱ仯δ˿ͨҵ˻ʹȥѣҲһΪӲͨԪʯмˡ
漣̻̳ͨǺУδȫԷңӶûͳξСҵľá
ڴ½صȫ䶯ˣÿһ漣̳ʵż챻ơ
ˣ
ˣ
漣ͷϼ
ĳһСǵ漣̳ﴫ糱漣׼ʱʮͷԶʮԪʯ׼ϼܣʼԾķʽгۡ
ʮԪʯ
۸̫˰ɣ
ͨ˼漣ͷ׼ʱҡͷ̾Ϣ
۸һЩ۹˵ʲôС棬Ǵ򲻿ֲȥһͷ
ͨ˿һҲʷáǰĹĻұʮԪʯǧĽңĹʱһլٰʮ˸Сˡ
㶮ʲô
ϡΪ󣡡
½漣ͷ۸ҿ̫ˣ
ڴǵ۹ļֱֵһᣬΪ鵽ͷһԪʯʲôأ
ʼˡ
Ȼ𵫲ҿ֡
ʮ漣ͷոߣרʾϢĻ˲ͱʮֻۣԿֲٶȷ賤ܿʹﵽʮʮ򡭡ʮ
ǶĿɿڴ
ѵڴ½ôŵ漣ͷô漣ͷжܻӭжô񰡣
ǿ쿴һ
˼۱һʱ˲·ֹֻ̳̣ͣʣʿˮ

Ԫʯ
ֱӰѵ׼һǧ
ô־ֱۣӶԪʯȥŵͷĹˣʲôǮˣͽǮ˰
һ˰ղԪʯ
ͶԪʯȥԲһΪԼʮӣ䲻ðü߼ۣЩ־ͰѼ۸ǧ
Щһʱ϶ÿ۾ֱӶԪʯͷҪˣֲںôһġ
һһλС
ͷ۸񱻳ԽԽߡ
ʱȺﴫһӣÿÿ
΢΢һΪ˲ǱˣǱǵٳֻٳֳһžеп
ٳ׼ͷô
Ƿ׷ÿһ·
ٳȲ鿴һ۱ͼ۶ʮԪʯϣ漣̻ƶľ۹ǣÿһ˶ԳۣԽԽߣʱȡߵʮ
ֱͬȱǰͷҲǰ˳еġ籨籨ۺôҲۺô
ܴ󰡣
ٳŲˢ¾Ϣ½ͬʱ漣ͷƺڲϵСٳԥУʱкüݻͣǸѾ
ٳôۣһ̲סڣڲ۾˰
ٳĻͷֱðȻڱձ鶼̫ߣǰƣºܿͻλɣ
225Ԫʯ
ٳ뵽⣬̺ˢ֣ΧΧ۵Ⱥ޲𺳡ֻһͷѣһ¿ô߼۸ô
ǲҪڼ۸񲻺ãҿò˶þҪٳоݵ˵ڵ׼ƴɱռ߼۸ߵأк߸ҳһ۸񣬵ȳۣҿǰ档
ͷ۸񱻲ϵߡ
۹̳졣
ʱ﷢ܶŵ顣
˵һЩرǵ۹Ϊû漣̳͵Спٽǿ˵һ½ĳһþепֱӻһԪʯȥ˲½˵пᣬľд档
֮漣ͷ졣
ô½˶֪жôô½Ǯ˵׶Ǯ
һ׼۶ʮԪʯľͷȻӲ绨һԪʯռһ۳ʲôĿģһԪʯҪ漣̻ڴΪ˳һͷȻ飬ʵǷǳ˼顣
Ȼˡ
վ
ǱȽԵġ
վʱʱͼǶٶʮԪʯԼʮң⻹ǱȽϺ䡣

ˣˣ
ٳԼǼʺˣÿλ룬Ϊ۱Ƚϵ漣̳ǾϵͳĹȻһģһȫٳ֮մ󲿷ֶûб͡
׬ˣ׬ˣ
ٳϲ񣬴½ܶرǵ۹Ϊûд̳ǣǮҲ򲻵漣ͷٳڰͷȥ׬ʮ۸ʲôʱڣһͷٴη۵ʱˡ
ô
ٳҪˡ
ܶ˶ܹһ⣬漣̻һξУ׬˶٣


625 
漣̻æ衣
⾺ʽֻۣö̶ʱ䣬ǵ޴رǿ⣬½顣˵һζ漣ͷ߻ô߻߾ԿԸ֡
Ҫһ㣬ⲻʵʵ
漣̻ľ۽죬漣̻ȫԱÿһ˶ھصȴţÿһ϶ڴ֮ɫ
۽һ̣
̳ǳԽһͶŵĻϣ̶ͷۣܹμӾΪһǧһʮܹ۴ǧŰٶʮΣ߼۸ΪһԪʯʮԪʯ۶ٶͱΪٶʮԪʯһ޴Ͷ䵽Ļϡ
Щ޲ֳ½޴Ƹ˶ʮϰһͭӶһɣڵͼλǻ
ܼ۶˰ʮһԪʯ
ܼƽÿһͷۼΪŰʮԪʯҡ
ݳǷ׷׹ƣⲻ漣Ǵһʾ޴ޱ룬ǳֳ漣ͷǿǰ
ڣڰ
ûи
漣ͷз֪۳ɼ֮ȫĿˣΪǶ֪漣ͷɱʵǺܵ͵ģʮ漣ͷϲᳬԪʯ
ϱڼֵƷⱩѾ޷ݣֱǵʯɽ𣡺ο漣ǳＯôһʾ޶룬˲仺ԭʮֽŵĲ״
һδ÷ǳƯվƣǲ½ݳ޵ĲͷúóһΪ漣ǴӴ룬Ҿʮ֮һóΪҡ
ʮ֮һǧԪʯ
һʷǳĽ
ӨӨЩһߵͷзоԱ̳Աȵȣȫһʾ޴ĽЩԱ˵һ׬Ĺܺˣ
Գ󷢽ЩϾ漣ǻҪʽ⽱𷢵δҲ̫ͷˣҲ֪ʲôˣǮҲ֮ϲ෢һҲûйϵ
ȡûԻͳɹҪȥ׬ڣһǳĳ⡣ǿһͷӰͬʱҲģǿͷ̺Ǳ˵΢΢һЦ۹ͷǰôã۾ˣ²ԲҲҪͷ
ͷԽռ
漣Խ
ˡʱ漣ǵĳ㿪˵ˣڤһȺˣԳڤѧţѾزڴࡣ
ѧţ
һš
ˣˣ
첻ǰܵڤΪʮߣһӦѾ룬̹ȥӭʹߡ
װһģһ
е飬ееãеʬף֮һǿҵϢû˺ѿΧ
æǰλڤ߰ɣ
½ѧ߷ŷֱУѧʿѧʿʿʿߣߡ
˶Ϊڤһ걻Ƶ֮أȴ֪漣ڤǴ½Ըѧоһط
Ϊޡ
Ϊûܡ
Ϊûа취ͨҩֶΪ
˴󲿷ָǻ۵նѡо·ʵݳ֪ڴ½𣬷ǳҪһԭô֪ʶЩ֪ʶ弸ǧоЩ֪ʶΪγԪƼ
ǻ۲СӰ
߶Ǵʱǳƾõ飬֪Ƕܲϲ𣬵鲢Ŀڡ㣬һ֮ʶʧԿܵľ˥ϡ
ЩһܴôãǶҲⱾµġ
һʬ߹˵ڤǵ漣ѧϰδʱǶɳȻҪӦеĴоĲϺģȫ漣ṩ
ʱ˵ʱ
Գ˵ȴ̫ˣ
ڤʲôĿĽʮ߼ѧ͵漣ʱΪˡ
ЩӦõġ
óЩ
Щ߶ôǵóռó򣬻ó˶ʱоһǰֻΪ׷ʽ
ãǳã漣֮ʣʱҲǵġ
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ΪϢݶ漣̻᲻ѣͧרŴͨѶڣһܸͧһƬ漣̻ͧͿˣ˺ܿܰϢڵ۹Ҫ̿
ͷ׼ͬʮԪʯԸ۹
β֪ܴٱƽۣ϶ᳬ漣̻ǰһۡһǱԵȺһ漣̻ᾭǰһξۣ漣ͷڴ½΢ϢͨΪܵעȱκһζҪߡ
ο漣½Ҫˡ
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ĹͬǳҪӨӨܳȵִ뾫оء
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ǾӵնôӨӨ֪漣ôһ⻹һۼأգգ۾ʳ죺ôһܸȫ½ṩô
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Щ漣̻ͶҪͶ̫࣬ǻЧɹȴǷǳ˵ģһ쾺۳׽ʱ򣬸һó漣̻Ŀɿڴ
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628 鷳
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漣ǹϵȽϺõҲֻаҹɭ֣⻹Ϊҹɭֵ񹬱Դ⣬侮ʯͲˣǻ
Źͬ棬ǻָ漣׬Ǯû⣬ȥԡ
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629 
۹룬νľӾͷԾͷһϾλ½պĶﲻСආ֮֮ȥǻϿôûϿԣ漣Ҳкӹˡ
ǡܽǡ
춢漣̳ǵľаǶѾʶ漣̳ǵǿڹʲôٿ飬ǿ϶ǲܾģ˻Լʱͬʱͷ
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ڤ䵭˵ͬ⣡
ͬ⣬˵ʲôǶ漣ҲҪְ˵ͬ⡣


630 ׼
̸йб׵飬ӨӨüҪѷײЩһôôأֱ۸ˣ侮ʯĳû١
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һ漣ڵ㣬һ漣ûбҪô
Ѿ飬λ۵ĴǽǶȫǿ⣬ѳ컻λãֻĸָݣϾ漣Էô²Ҫôĺˣ
ӨӨˣλһҲԪʯ޷ǴսԺͲӰ죬漣̻ȱ׬ԪʯԾȥɡ̬ǺܺãȻ鶼ѾȥˣҲͲ˷ʱ᣺õôҲõеıϣ漣̻ζ漣˵㲻óԿ
ӨӨʲ
ЩްԶԿ̫ˣûģշˡ
ʱԺȻ˵ӿ޵۹һ鱨ϣǳжǵ˷ֲͶľȷݣ鱨ʵԳٷ֮ʮǷҪĿ
辫һ񣺡Ϸ
һͶӰ豸Ϣ
Щ鱨ѴǬ۹ߵˡХ۹ܵķǳĿǰѾڴǬ۹ϾģһңǻԷǳǿĿվΪ
漣βҴ⡣
һĹģⲻС֡
ӨӨҲˣôôಿӣ
Ŵ󲿷ֶ۷侲ķֱϾǶĹ˵ս۹㾡Ʋӹһǣûв´Ļһ泬ɶֻ֮ͨһϴι漣ƾš
ʹҲǳˡ
漣Ǭ۹ӥʿ֧βɴݽ磬˹ΪЭ͸˾ˣ漣ֵܲܵס⡣
ⳡստأֻҰԷԾѶȾԲͬն
Ȼ鱨Ѿ֡
ٽٻһ̻飬Ȱ˵һ飺δǬ۹߲ƣƱػҪӸ鷳ǾʧܵκδҺͿֻţεܼޣǾǽԷڻɭ֮⡣
ü˵Ǿ뵲סҲܲףοھս۹űȻкܴġ
Ѿ۹̸йˣս֧Ԯǡ
ʹǿԮʱѾ˹˵ǵĻҪٿٶȼᲿҲѸϵϣοǻɭ־·;ңԶûа취ôˡ
⣬ʵǳ򵥣ռѾ׼ãԮֻص㼯ϣǿռŰ͵漣ٴ漣Ǵ͵սֻҪ֮ǵͿˡ
һ׶ˡ
βôҰװ׳ֵġ׳һ飺ӽ쿪ʼ漣ǾͲ漣ͷǻͷؼȨΪλȫΰæĳ͡
˶¶ϲɫ
漣ͷһǳгһǾһˡ赹а취򼸴ŵԼͷת־Ͱͷͼ͸˵ĳԱôûΥԼܹΪ˴ֵüʵʵںô
һ͸ǳԣ¼ܲô
˵ʵʵҴ󲻱ر̬ȣ漣ѾʼģͶʾ½裬λЭǾڹƽ֮ͬ£Ҳһһ۹
˶Դ˻Žɡ
漣ȷʵشһδǬ۹ǴʤҪǴǬ۹鱨ԼеµĽ漣ΪһƣŹȥʱڶվҪˣδսսʵԱȶб


631 ʽ
ҶԼˣ漣̻ûʲôĻܡ費һ̸ˣ֪˵컨׹ֱӸչʾһʵʶֱӷԸԣ㣬зչʾλ˿
õģ
ڻ롣
ֹ߻γһάͼΡ
һ׻װаֻ״Ľṹ״һֻ֩롣
׻ǰֲȫͬ岼ߣƼкС
սһֱ漣̻оҪ֮һǰƶԣоѾ˾޴ͻơ̿ʼ˵˵ͼʼֱ仯֩뵥սף򿪲ɸǿԴǿȡ˫㻤ܽ߿Եֵ˴ǿߵ͹װ׹ϵͳڸսϵͳҺ̬ɣԸݴɱ仯С
貹һ䣺Ѿʮ֩ףѾװ漣ǿϣ֧ײӻΪս
սͶ
һȫĿܡ
ܷǳ֣֫壬ӵһӦþ߱ġ
漣̻зսˣͬȡԴܹӦ½ոֻսһִΪսսûǻû˼սܣԷӣִУЧʣԾȷԶֱӲٿأܹ߱ʮ׹ϵͳܹӦս
ֲһ˵ս漣ѾǳһܳΪ˵جΡ
ͷͿʼԾˡ
漣򿪲⾧ЩǿҪǰǿüֹͻܷҲüһʵķԾ
򿪷漣ǹȻž޴
ʮױе¾һɲСټӼճĸЭһ۹ľǿ漣ǻǿľͬʱҾԼټܺɫսʹһҲǿõġ
ģ漣װѾȫˣǵսսҲѾкܶûмʽرȡþ޴ͻƣôһΪ졣
Ȩ֮ͷųһάӰһջĴͰʵϸϻָᷢʲôͰȻһǳ޴Ĵڡ
˵漣ǽҪɹ֮һռڣλþ泬ʮףΧǳ㣬½ＸܿһԪڣ߶ۣԼԶ̳߾ȷΪ漣һռܴʮ׷䳬ǿӶֱӶԵĿǿսϻ޽⡣

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ǸܴõطȴԹκĿֱ꣬ǹͷ֮˸ûеĿܣ
ұ飬¶һ԰΢Цռ漣ǸոзֻѣýսһռڵЧ
ֻ޽֡
е˵جΡ
ڲɱӣܶԵ˳о۾ӵԼؽоȷԴ½Ŀǰսˮƽûܺܺõֹİ취
ٴͶάӰһǳرĶһԲľ޴ȴֲĿ׶
Ž˵һյģһܴʮöֱӿƣսʱÿöٶȼ⵼˵ռǶ㹥ôյľǴΧԴƻ񡣡
貹˵䳲͵ĸոһͬսֻϧ漣ǵ콢δ깤һ漣ǽγɹģټսױеλһ໥ϣ½Ͻپκһ
Ǿǳ׷ˡ
ǲˣΪ漣𺳡
ưλǳ顣
֮еǰ˱Žһġܽ᣺򱾴αǣ´αľͲ֪ʲôطˡ
ŭ˵漣ǹˣ
ԣԣצԥ˵Ҳ漣ǹˣ
ͷʼƻʱһж㶨ʱݱͷڽ
ӨӨֱҵʣ죬죬ңͷ׬˶٣ң
شֻǧ򡣡
ǧԪʯô࣡ӨӨһعζϸһ㣬ȷʵ⣬ͷôֻ׬ǧⲻܰɣ
˵ǧԪʯ漣׬ģֻռʮ֮һʮ֮űϷˡ
ʮ֮һǧ
ôǡʮڣ
ӨӨֱԼȱ˲һǿҵѣУȻ֪漣ͷǳ׬ǮȻ֪ݻԶΣû뵽Ȼܴʮڵľ۶
漣ͷе鷳ʵɱǷǳ͵ģʮԪʯƽһܹϷǧԪʯθ춼Цúϲ£ˡ


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һξǮжУֻǿ漣ǳ˲ԪʯԿ޵۹Ƚ˵͵һµȫ˰ˣ
漣ΣУǸûٻøֺôͱϣЩֵڻûֳǷδĻ붼԰Ԫʯģ
漣ǳô㡣
ȻԹۡ
ҪǣͷȥˣԪʯ漣ǿţ˵ϵͳæҪȵǴ֮λ㡣ǵ˼˭֪۹ԪʯϣҲǴʲôӰȻ˭֪漣ǻ᲻ɿѺʱ䣿
׷óʵж
ҹɭֳʥޡ
۹ӥʿ
µ۹ʥʿ
޵۹ƽ˫ʿ
ͷţڤͷɻ޾š
ЩڸжƱеļӣȻ࣬ߣǬ۹ƾ˵ֻǿ
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ҹûֱӳˣ֧ԮӶħɣʥޱͨ޸ǿڰҹɭֻԡ֮;˾ϴ񳤴սԣڿշУƣƵо
ֱ˷ǽӽ򼶴ڣʵģҲκһ۹ƾǿˡڤɻʦƳһָ߼ӵиַ˼սŷɥ
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½ڽܲ׼ţ۹ͷͷսͷͷԤڴ鿪ʼǰܽǷͷȫųȥ
Ǭ۹ʼжˡ
漣Ǳָģ֪Ϣ֮漣ǿϢϵͳȫʮۿͧȫؾƣǬ۹һһ漣Ŀ
漣һֱ̲
Ҫ·֮һˡ
һ˵һǬ۹ᲿӲǶԸɭأ
ڹϣǵĲӶˣ˵֮һĿԣָȷҲûбҪ顣
Ǭ۹֪Ӳӣڣſƣأƺƴûаصͼ
ϰ
ؾǷ棬֮СȫɵˣҪ˵еĵ۹˾ţҲǵ۹澫񣬲κһСֿܹġ
ٶҾִܵǾڡ
Ԯʲôʱܵ
Ҫʱ䣡
ָӣ۶άͼźţʼѸٹ滮
ױеҾʮսͧټսټռţշ䳲һ˾Ԯʮҡ
ЩԤͶȫսԿһ۹Ӧ㹻ֻѰסһ壬Ҫˮ©ķ»кܴѹ
辭˼˵㣬оźǿȡ
漣ԣٶܴﵽÿǧڴΣҲǿģΪ԰ټƴμԣЩһ׷׹Ͻϸ򣬴ӾӡٵСԼӣǹܣͨȵȡ
㷢֮ͰͬԣͣڵϿռۿͧȡϵǿۿͧ״ǿȣӶȸǴǬ۹ȫӣЩݷԺϳͼ̬λͼϡ
ָﶯ̬ͼֱ仯źɫǳ仯ǿЧһĿȻģǰԤһ۹ܳ϶ƾռ֮һҡ
Ҳʮ򡭡
֧Ųǳ˼һƬǳɫ룬һɫ㴩Уһ״Ȼļã޷漣ǵо
ԶԶ̬ͼǣˣǸݵоȥСʱ˶״̬ǿֲָӲλá
һ֧ģֲվΪû뻮һָӣôûа취֧ж˶þͻɢҲûа취սԶԸӣܴݻٸλָģôȻȫɷǳĸţ֮£սȻ󽫡
Ѹٽ˾
Ȼ˵ˣҾȱһλǰָӹ١
⣬Ȼ漣ǾӶǿͨԶָӣ߸ɴԶָӣǱβչ治漣ֱţɭ˵ԼǰָӹٱЭЩͬĲӡ
ָӹ˭ȥأ
ʱָӴС㲻Խˣָӹپΰɣ
֣һۣܵǰߴսȥˣӨӨ˭ɻȥ
ⲻǻʱô˵ȥǽ飬߼䲢ͻ
⻰˵÷ǳɡ
ִǬӾһȺӬһɡ
Դ˸еǳͷۣȷ
ͷСģµģ
̾һȷʵҲһѡ˭ʸ漣ȥЭӣȻҲӦս̫ûа취ʤǰ
׼
ָ߽ϵͳ
øʱ򣬳Ѿ뿪漣ǣ漣Ǵٶ뿪ɭ֣ǰǬ۹ԮؾλչΪƾЩǲõģսÿռֿ⣬ÿռֿ漣װоͰԪڡԿռڡֵǹеȵȡ
ʱͨͨѶڳ𣺡ע⣬ڵоֻв漣ǵѾãڼʼ
յθǵÿǹһ˿΢Ц̧õӲ׼Щһһݼ
ɽʮս̧Ͳ԰ټƵͬʱ׼ǰ
䣡
ʮ԰ټƵڰ𻨣ӵ䳵ббĴգһգۼҰﻯһ㡣
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633 
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һ۹һǬ۹޷ĳ裬ȡҲһ
Ǭ۹ʮ½۹Ҳû漣һսܵôң
ɭ˵Ҳ޷Ϊ½ϵĵ۹ΪⳡսĲҰܣôǬ۹澡ʧ
һͨⶪûʲôҪЩҲסɶڴǬ۹ĵ۹ԣⶪͲǵ⣬ϵ۹ϺӰ۹غʵ档
½κһ۹аٸСǬ۹һʮսСʮͼʮ
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Щ궼ԹǬɹƳҪΪɵ۹ϣǵ۹ӰڶԼǲҶԴǬ۹˿˵۹ԽǿʢԽҳϣɹҲԽһ۹ֱҹ
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Ǭ۹ʧɨأ
β⵽۹ЦЩܴӰ죬ΪǬ۹˥ֵ÷ѾĻȥֺãɹϿܾͻ١Ǭ۹ľ֣û룬ĳЩǽͷݵꡣ
漣ǴܻԴǬ۹ɳԵԶӰ죬ӾԵüˡ
漣ǱҲв
ֱ󣬴½ϻյôһ⣡
漣̻ᴴʱѣ궼һߵ֮·漣ʽҲ⣬бսȴȡ޴Ч
Ȼ漣żǬ۹ǴǬ۹һֱע漣ǣʱΪһģԴӷٿ֮漣۹ߵԽԽôǬ۹еǳ
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µĵطڴ½һ۹ڻɭڴ½λǳ⣬ܻΪŦմٳ½۹һˣ漣ǳɹˣǬ۹粽Уб̲Σա
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Ǭ۹ۣ߰ϳ齨ɰģţнӽʮĳţдʮļ˾ţǬ۹һҾͳʮ
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ǬԹ˧Ǳ־ڱصõľģ
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Ǭ۹ΧǴפΪ壬ϵضԻɭֽʴѭ򽥽漣Ǵˡ
սԷ濼֮⣬漣ѡǴ飬漣½Ҳһ쿪Ǭѡ漣Ҫش漣ǣⱾҲϣϸɭһӭͷش
Ǭ۱£
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ٶȷǳ죬漣ǵ
Ǭָӵʱ򣬴ͨʶٽǰߵǬۡͨѶôģľӳǰʮ϶̫Ҳ׷ңȽѶʽʶ
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٣Ǭ¶һмЦݣ漣ǿѾǰ÷ߣͼֹǬ۹ɭ˵ľڣ漣ҪĴӱƻǬ۶Ϊǵûиϵǣ»ˡ
漣ҪԳΪ㣬ܻЩѶȣҰΪսصĻô漣ǲʵǿҲֵܵס֧ӡ
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Ǭ붼û˵ǰ翪ǰǰֱӽɭ˾
Ǭ۹һֱռ漣оȻ漣ǺܶණڴǬ۹ҲŪף벻ǰһһĨˡڵԪڣڼڣǬ۹оʩ
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ֵݴǬ۹¼ɭӥսսгֵֹרſƽģܹݻټ̵Ĵͽ磬սмΣա
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һǰνӵָӴЩλö侫׼ͼǳȷҪҴǬ۹ŵָӡ
Ǭڳס磡
ûдȥʱ򣬴Ǭ۹һĻɵˣճС㣬ϸȥʱ֣ᷢʲôС㣿ȫһ֧֧βٶȳʮٵĵ
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Ǭ۹޲ĿɿڴΧĸʽԻԾɻӰ죬ŲҪͿʼ򿪽磬ʱ򵼵Х߲׹ȫǬڵоλã˲ɱըͨǳ޴Ǽ˾ҲܵСʧҪһֲֿ֮£оѾȫĴˣʩų⡣
һһ׹䣡
ÿһָӴ
⼸ֹ˵ûжԴǬ۹ɻӰ죬Ҳװ֧ģľŸҳһ࣬ǰ޷ս鱨ݴñϽһӻң֧зֱ̬֮


634 սǿ
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漣ʹѾˣ𹥻̫࣬ȴɹһ֧ҡ
ֻһԵĽƵСӶֱַ״̬ͷӬڿռĴҴܣǰ޷ͳһָ޷֧ųױʧȥս
ԶԶؾ͹۲⵽о
ͼоѹİˮ֣ϵĺ󣬾һȺӬм䶪һڣЩӬȫһҳһƬ
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ͨһ˲ʹݵȫÿսλĶսԱȫս׼ֻҴ;һſʼǰսȺҲѸٸԾλ
ÿһҾ׳ÿһҾԪںͼڣÿһҾǿķϵͳΧŶʮսͧټܺɫսһ֧ǳǿĳִӡ
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ȻǬ۹һʧȥʿսʿǾû˶־սȱ־ľôܴʤսأ
漣ץסǿ͹ֻټսʼˣЩս漣һѰȻƻȲϷ·ƶ̨Ĵ;ۻԺԾԶԶ
Щսṩս֮£ȫǰӰ㽫ҳһƬĵɨһ飬ٴμ룬ֱӳӪԻ齨ָӲش
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Ǭ۹ϾսΪսʱ漣ǵսҲҪˣֻӺͻײҲʼգܹԼʮȻģͬǳӴ󣬵ǸҪָӡ
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ЩŶֱյԶ漣ǵңָӣǿĶᷢͻȥԾսԷЩսԷϸϸ΢죬жָȷÿӦսʿϣһʲôܻǰ״̬֮ʺϵж
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ԶԶؿһĻ̾ǻǵ͹漣ǵ
ǰû뵽漣ǾսȻǿֵزŭҲ޲пȻ漣ɭʱ䲻һ꣬Ѿ⼸Խˣ漣ǿƼԽԽǿЧľӣδڴ½֮ʱܵС
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δǬǳױûͷ
ʮĴս۾켸ҹ֣漣ǽǬ۹ȫɢҪҲҪһʱ䲻ֹڴսѾаʱ䣬Ǭ˲أ漣ǴռϷ硣
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漣Ǻĵ۹ǲܲսģǵľӾʵ̫ңԶˣƾǰ֧漣ǵľô۹ӽ
ὣʿɵٵн
ʱСͨԴѶ˵Ǽ⵽Ǭļоۼƣǿ׼ͨĲӣȫƾŻغþҪǵļ֣Ͼǵ۹ƣԻǽ۹ɡ
ЩһﷴӦͦ
Ǭ۹Ķֲǳһ߹ᴩǰڻ£׼γһǱţôս˲С
˵Ѷ̬ͼ͹
轫оǿͼ͹
ɨһ۾֪ʲôԮʱڻûе룬Ǳ뾡ӵʱ䡣
ʣ׼ô
ضϣ붼û˵ûײӡ˲ӡսӸͻϮһжǰ
ô̫ðգȷʵЧֹս۵İ취սݼŲݵ̾ʹšͨ˵ľӹɣһԱֻҪԵоиѣôõϴѳ
ôɣ
붼ûʮ򲿶ӿʼԴǬڲչͻϮ۹ƾ뾫رģȻͬԽս;ָӣЩŲû˶ң漣ʱЩսʿǸеһ
첻ϧɱʹۺûӴͷ󣬼ʹƴԱͬھҲҪȫһɢ
ԿƵĻ˲ӼգǾһȺηķɶ꣬ŵоͷ˼


635 ȥ
ƻ˿ʱ򡭡
ƽڰջǧʮ䵼ԪңЩսڼʱڰٶ£ÿһ˷֣ΧͨţֱǿгǬ۹ͣӲһѪ·ɱ뻺˾ۼĲӡ
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ЩľŲǵ۹ƣǵʲͨģټϾλھź򣬸ոյĳʹ̫˾ûָӣҲδҡ
ڸооǿƽԶڳ͡
漣սһη֩룬ÿ˸ĹԣԼʱЧ
۹ս߸߾սǹ˻𣺡ӭսΪ˴Ǭ
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֧žıݣ͵ը֮£ȻȻû̫ܵˡʱսѾߣ˫ûκεĻڣչһγײ
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Ǭľͨȫ£ÿһսܴﵽңвֽ춼򼶵Ŀֲڣγɼŵʱۺʵġ
սʿҲвҴǬĽʿ
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Ǭ۹ľûл̫͵ס漣ǻ˲ӣǼ漣ǵʵҲˣ̸÷Ϊͣıϰܼʱغһǡ
ƽӥʿڿնһɫ׷˸ֻһͨˣһΪ͹ʵ򵥣ֻгǹһ£ɲǼһǿֲצ˲䷢𹥻¡
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ȥɣ
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սǳǿһͷų൱Ԫըͼʿû׼ôըһֻе³
Ǭ۹ʿȻС漣ǵֶΡ
Ȼս˵ʵﲻô԰ټǧƵս˷ɱʽ͹ʯٵսʽѰսиǿģӢηľҲܳ־Ÿĳ棬ҲֻûʶԶ̿Ƶս˾
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սӲѹס۹ƾţ֧ӴСʧһβǴǬʿǬ۶̫ʧˣΪȷɿɿΣ֧ӶǴǬ۹ġ
֧ҪǱ漣ǸѹסôǬžͻ٣ӰȫģӰ쵽ѵģͲǳ鷳ʱ˭ͷ󣬿»϶
ǬԸԸϡ
ǰͨŻǺľţȫѾ״ɢˡ
ڲа취ȥŻغϣο漣Ҳ½½٣ƣӦԣҲʱûа취
ɶ漣ǣ
˾͸оֲһ޴󽣹ն˲仯꣬һƬ漣ǵսʿ˲͸ɵϰٸˣлӼʮǬ
Ǹ߼ǿߣ
̧ͷȥʱֻһʿվ˲ǱˣʽǬ۹պӰһλصĶǿߣʹȫ½ҲǺպմ
Ǭ۱£ӣʱûʱԳ֣ǰңֻýӰɳȥӰڴǬ۹ǿǿҲ֮һһ̾ҵĹǣһסΧɢľӡ
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볷ôôǬ۹ûüӦأͻȻһӰھӰϿգ˹³Ʈ裬ֳһϵɭȨȣӰ𹥻ȹһذɣ
ɭ־
Ӱæһʮ״󽣹⣬˹ȴ񵲿һȨһľ̯ˡӰܿռֲֺܶ縲Ķ߰ٽƹӰһӾͱӡ
˹¸պھӰߣȨ͵شھӰϣ˲ͰѾӰõɳȥһʹӰܵشȫԪתһ׷﷢ŭСԳһսͷڹʲô£
ȫԵļԳǲõġ
Ӱִһ䣺ôô
˹ҡҡͷ׼ȡ
ӥҲŹģּӰԪʵӴ½ƾʵѾ㹻Ըˣ¶һ΢ЦðɣԸҾ棡
˹һûüֹ
ڿնûзɣղϳ̳˲ƣÿ˲Σ춼ǳ仯λãƾճһѺɫǿ֮Ϳռ֮ͷӰնȥ

Ӱὣֵ
ӰôǿߣȻشΪͣҲӦûһëСӡ˭֪˫ײ˲䣬Χռ䶼ѿӰĽȫɢֻһͽˡ
㾹Ȼ
Ӱû뵽Ѿ߱Ϊû뵽սǿ˶Ԫ󽵣ҲǿԽһսԽ弶ҡ
һལȥ
Ӱô˵ҲǳѾõĸ֣ལȻޱɱˣͻ˲ϢƲҶ㿪ˡʱ˿̾ӰѾǳϾ˹ĸڳǲֵ˵ģ˵ڳ˲ȷѡ
Ӱƫƫܳ
ӰˣǰȻܣ϶ܵ޴Ӱ졣ο˹ﶢţӰҪ̸ףð취սаѳ²һȻѾͻƵ򾳽磬ǻվǲģԾӰһս
Ӱ󣡡
Ӱмֶʧڰգ˷ȻƵνÿһգ޴ʱĿ磬ֻҪһôޱȿֲĽ籩
ΧսʿȻûֱӼⳡսǾӰ籩ȴ԰ټƵ˸ȥ̼ͱʳƬѪ뽣һȫĳ쿿£
ӰڿնΪķӰѹƳʱٴγֽһܻ˭֪ΧƵǿ۾һֻ۾ǽɫһֻ۾ȴǰɫ
ͬʱʩչ
ͻƵԺҪı֮һ
ս̵Уֻͬʱһڷǵϣɫռ䣬ɫʱ䣬ֵȼߵܾͨ߱һ־콾֮ʣοͬʱ߱أ
ʱնᣡ
ͷų֮Χռͨʱ䣬ȫ׷׶ԭǧȫֹͣסˡ
Ӱ¶Ȼ֮ɫôܣ
ڵΪʵǵһһͷųǿռʱûκΰ취ֿӰʱһͬԴศ
콫Ԫȫͷųɫ֯׶ɫն
һڰһţ쵽ѱ棬˲ϢӰڰͣסˣ¶ŵı飬Ԫȫ鿪г룬Ӱ׹
ˣ
ˣ
Ǭ۹ʱĴҡ
ӰǴǬ۹ǿ֮һһλǿĴھȻôڳĽ£ʿĴǻԵģ˾Ӱָո۳һʿٴηֱұǰ졣
Ǭ۹ӿǺڶʱˡ
ĿѾﵽҲڸոĴ̷ռǰ˲ƻ
ҵѾˡ
Сոմˡ˹Լ»˵ͷǰ߾ͽǣҪȥˣ
˻һ۶¶Ц֮ɫ
һɫ޹ĴսȻ䵱һϷ˸еЦð


636 ֳ
ӰսϢһ
رǴǰصоʱôǬ۹߲ȫɫ䣬ʼδӰǴǬ۹ӵߣǴ󽫾ְλǾ߼֮һ
ǰˣǬ۷ŭҲͿ֪ȻΪһûбֳǬ۱ѸٳһѺۣѹ˵оֱӳ齨ͣҪԹ˧ȷָӣȫ׼ǿ
Χһס
Ǭıŭˡ
ȷ׳ִģ˵Ĳӡ
Ѵȷ涼ǲ̫ʵģǴǬ۹ȷѾˣӴǬ۹оֱӳľţƱػᵼ´Ǭ۹ӻңҲӴǬ۹
ǬѾ˲Щˡ
ڱŭ׵ֻٽս
Ǭ۹ҳһ࣬Ȼ漣ǷڸոһγѾĹͷڵǿٷعһ׵飬Ǭǰɢǰ˼кҾӿʼԼѴʱ䣬ǿסҵľ档
ɾʱһ̶
漣ĺ󷽿ռ񱻶һŴʯӣռ䶼ҶսγһȾšǬ۹ûмռ֮ţҲܹоռŴǿռÿһɫǴ䡣
⵽ʲô
Ϊʲôôǿٵ
ãݻţ
Ǭ漣һЩţԭֻǽŽɣû뵽ϾȻֶѾõȴȫҪ
֧ģֲض
˹¼üоƴҵݱܷâ
Ҳͬ˹µ˵ռ֮ųλýԶǬǲа취ֹŴ򿪡ⳡսѾȱڽ飬ɭָսɱױɼ۹ŵĲģ
̫ˣ
̫ˣ
ǬܸоռŴӲȶȶһǿѹȸд洫ֻ۹ԮӵǿķǿɻޣǿʥޡЩ½սһӾͲռ䡣
۹ԮǻֱսȻ࣬Ǽ侫Ժܿڻԭγǿս
Ǭûü
һͷȳ֣ǲûзʵԹֻͷһеӦһ־ܹõͲεħֱӾжûУֻɪɪſڵá
Ǭ۹ձ鶼ԿվΪЩվּ;߱ԲòԷħ޲һͷţ˵ͼӰЧκʵԽҪЧ
Ǭ۹Ҫˡ
Ԯʱ½½ֱ֣ӿʼһֵĴҹɭֶʥٶģڼҹ鳤ǻ֮£ȫгһ壬ǰǶһӵ൱߰ʵǿڣͬʱʼж˲䱬һһʥֵıٶȻԷײȥ
Žǿϵ壬ʹƣҲ׵ѹˡ
Ǭ۹ֲĴͱæңֻҽ񷣬Ѫ㲻£ʮѪӲضȾˡ
ҹɭֶʥǺϵħޣǶǰѾ˴˴κһѾֻܵҪ˺һ޶֮ڣΧѷֵдҲѸǻָ
ڤɻ޸һŷɥĹֹܹսͷЩȻʱԵĲñ棬ǵǰ¡
Ҳ˵
ǬսսʿֻҪ껹ûɢɻ޾ܽ³սϣֶβӼսǶԶԷʿһ塣
¡졢޵ȼ۹Ҳ򵥡
һذ޹ս죬մǬ۹ױХ۹͸ߵ˼ʧʤǾͽʣಿӳ롣ѶѽˣǬһ˹¾սʲôֵ
ûа취ˣ
սֳʧܣ
Ǭ׼뿪ʱ
ʱһӰı쳤ûκܼ򲨶ͷųǬȴڶݺһӰбֱˤڵϣһɽðȥ
ǼȻ
Ǭû뵽λۼﾹȻͬʱˣһһĻǬ޾κһһǬûκʤ㣬ολУڤڴۼҲǷǳĴڡ
Ǭһˣ˹ȼ岿־ѪһѪÿһëӿ˲߰˷ֻҪѪֵ飬ھѪᱻԶȼھѪҲȼѪ籡ѪԽɢԽӺüǧס
˹ɫʮѿѪħȼ󷨣ȻԼΪΪʩչȴѪô
ǬͷųѪɱǧսʿоǴǬ۹ģЩսʿѪȼջһǬϣһǰڻʣ˲ϢʧҰ
λͬʱڲӣ·ͼսѪֽѪѹʱǬѾӰ
ɶ񣬱ô
޴ŭ
һöԷߣϿЩȥȻ޴ȫûΪһ۹ĵȻߣǬ˵ֺֹϹȥأֱɥʦǬ۹ûз飬½ʷҲгֵġ
λģܲˡ
ʱһӰǰ˲Ǳˣľ˹¡˹³ڰʱԶͷųһɫɳ©ڰգɳ©ֵ˲䣬̾ͽѪ켣¸ֳ
ãˬһЦλʱ츳ԭӶݹ켣ȻӵĺҲǵ׷ɱϣ
λۼ˹¶ܵǬչ׷ɱ
սսȻڳХ۹ߵ˵˾ѾߣǬ۹Ǭ۶ߣǬ۹ǿϾţǵʿѾ׵ɥʧɥʧʿһֱ;ĸо
Ǭ۹˲
۹湶
ս۹Ǭ۹Ȼһǧɣ
漣ǾӿʼȰԷͶʱʣʮбܽûԥȫѡͶƽӥڵĶš

첢ûۿսΪף۹ԮٵʱʹѾˡ
ⳡսýֺͷҲ֪ûʲôˡ
컹һսҪʮٱ飡
飡
ûسǾصǵʱǶһϲӣûаǿеĽźѹ֣ʮ漣ͧˮϣһ޴ޱȵĻÿĻйڳӨӨʶദľ͹̣ȻЩǸݸıļƬΪسҳУд󲿷ϸڶд۸ġ
Ƕ漣Ϊ⣬ȫǵȫʢװֲ֣ڳºϳƵľڸ衣
ˮȫװγһֳ
Ӵ½ֻΪܹ֤Ըı½ʷ̵Ļ񡣲ЩûãǾ͵֪Ǭ۹ϸߵˡХ۹֯׼ǵϢ
һֵĻ̡̻
۹ͬСɰ
ֻɭ˵Ҳ൱սĶǶѣĳôֵܵס۹Ͻأ
Щ˵Σ⣬ⳡ᲻˶ȡⲻһ񣬸漣½Ҫӣ½˶ڵһ̵ĵأ
ȻԴõǣ漣Ƿƺǳ漣ǸӨӨļҳԳӴˣ漣ǵ߲ޱޱϹơȫڳά
ȻЩ߲ﶼģôǻʲôĵأ
Ǹƽ죬۹ӰӶûпһŵķʱʢĿҪٿˡ
ֻվڸ߹㳡ϣֳһͲͨȫǴݿӭԴ½صμ漣ʢĻҴ漣ǣɭˣǳֿл
˵
ڴ½쵱һΪǺεȵҫ˵ǵĻ񽫽죡ǿ񻶽һ£һµʱǴ⣬ƺ⣬ãȫѣ
ȫڻ
ɭ˹Ȼƴ֡
Ҳֻ漣ֵó


637 뺷ĺ
ӨӨˮȴţһǳۣٶֲͬƳɣÿһϸ˿ǲԼصı˿ܹžǧŰپʮſƷ飬ÿһƶǴ½ʦֶοӡȥģÿһϸڶǴ½ŻѪƶɡ
һڣܹʹּƷ񣬿ӡźüģľոǱеŮһ㡣
ӨӨЬӡΡ磬ȫ漣̻Ѿ˼ÿһϴ½ҵõģķѾ޴Ĳ졣ӨӨһļֵ㹻һˣ
ԸͲ˵ˡ
Ҳôĺ
ôϾΪһõĻȹʵ̫˷ˡӨӨЩ㷲ȴۡһϲԼֱԼĳ죬һޱȺǻ΢Ľ㣬һʲôأ
ӨӨ뵽ܿҪΪŮˣЩȽָˣѾ˺þˣʶ쿪ʼȥˣʱı̫飬ϵʼûб仯
ӨӨӨӨ
㻹Ÿʲô
ޱޱϹÿܽǿӨӨ·ʱ۾ðâޱޱŵĴӨӨ̫ˣ·ʵ̫ƯˣôĽˣҪһͺˡ
ӨӨЩ˼ҪϲҳҲһ
˰ɣϹЩ˵һ·ףܲõϾˣֲÿ˶ӨӨһи
ӨӨ͸˼ˣϹʵ֪
ˣˣ첻˵Щ߰ġϹƺޱޱӨӨһһӨӨ߰ɣʽҪʼˣ
ǵѾൽ߳ݺŽǺλǳӨӨڵǳˡҲһۣӨӨݻ·ԵƮݣվһʱ򣬼ֱۡ·ɢ޷ֱӵҫ۹â
ڿʼô
ʱ½½Ϣˡ
漣ǲǬ۹ھǼǧطսⳡսһҹսȫʬ塢Ѫɺӡޱȣ漣ѾɹǬ
Ǭƺƴȴɭ˵ĵ̶ûܽ
Ϣ˶еģЩʶ漣ǵǿ۹ֶû֣½һܹвأ
ŸλѾ͵ˣھʽʼɣ
½ȱأÿÿӭȢ޵ʱҪиָʽʤûһ̶·ģʽɭһбκεطĵԸûбҪഫͳȫ¡
ǣӨӨ߳
ͳϲ߰㷱Ƚڵǣֻоϲɣ׷Чʵڡ̣ʽҪΪ׶Σ
ġԼ룡
ŻͲԴ˵ھǵĳȫǵ԰ɣ
ⱲҾվĽ׶βǼ򵥵ĻĶѣֳֻȡ㲥ܹʽÿһÿһ仰½ÿһ䣬ÿ˶̸ܵ黳˵ʮӣ¶ӨӨ֣ӨӨӽ쿪ʼԸһɷң㣬㣬ֱ羡ͷֱʱ価ͷֱľͷ޸Һ𣿡
Ȼ
ֳΧ۷塣
ӨӨѾ޵վȣֳܶ;鶼ⷬԸжĨᣬֵӨӨˣӨӨõͲƽһҡҲ֪˵ʲôãӨӨͷż⣬ൽƤꡢоԼеһȫģԸӣֱʱ価ͷ
˼֤ӵǡ
ޱޱϹƸжϡͿ
˿ǵȫ绥İǿǰ̫̫ĽͬΪŮˣңȥҲûźˡ
ӨӨʵҲࡣ
һѾΪҸŮˡ
迴ӨӨҸӣ۽Ҳֳ⣬΢ЩŬƽһ飺ǹϲˣ뵽ڶ׶ΣǩԼ
Ƕһ졣
Լʲô
ѵɻ黹ҪǩԼɣ
˵ԼǳⷢһԼƤΪ壬֮ľˮΪīдԼԼʵ˲ûǿȴǩԼ˫׽ĺǣҲܻоԷڣԼǩԶЧȻֻҲ޷ĥ𣡡
ϾȻԼ
ӨӨԻһָԼһѪ˲һɽɫâ㾮ˮصʼþ޷ɢһɿΰ
ӨӨԼ˲䣬·ܹооУоԼֺǻ밮⣬һհ򶼳׵ıˡ
Լһǩ
˾ͱԶϵһ۷ֿԶλ棬ҲܻĸӦԷϲŭ֡оԷλãоԷǷΣա
ǽ뵽룡
Ǵ½󲿷ֵ񶼱еһ裬Ҳ鷳ȴҪһ裬һ㶼ڵһС漣ǿɲЩ漣˵ԺԼҪڼʲôпޣΪλ¡ظݻԻǾһģļ˶
̷ǳ
ϹޱޱŮӨӨԸ죬漣̻߲׷׸ڱʮһϼ̳ʼʢ롣
ⳡ˾ĲϼֵʮڽҶֹƷڼĵǿ;ʱ˲ʹ衢ӨӨΪԼ漣Ǹ߲Ϊֱͻһ㣬Ȼ̳ȽԶ޴ԡУձþ޴ΪЩ˲ص缲·Ҳһҹ䱻ˡ
Ѿȫɡ迴ǳɺ͸ˣⲻΪΪΪӨӨҵһùޣǿʽʼ
꣡
꣡
꣡
԰Ļμߺͼ֤߶ߺͨͶܿ񻶣ǰռƵ綥͡ʲôطһζǲȡκηõġ
ȻȻϲȡκηãЩǰμӻˣͨ˻ǵ϶ֶ⿿ֺ¾׬ʮˡ
ӨӨ漣漣ýȫǼ¼ҽ̲ŵ½أԺʹ߶׷ǰˡ
Ԫ۹Ԫɴ󽫾ǰأɲʮ꣡
Ʒ۹ǰأ͸ӹ˿ڶʮڣϲ»ϲ

һңԶĴ½۹׷Ŀ
ҩ˿ڣֱôؾôЩ½ѾȫϿ漣ǵĵλǱ
ҺܿͷǾȵ̫ˡ
͵һʱͻȻǿƵĴˡ
ڤҹɭ֡޵۹۹µ۹۾ܻսǬۣ׸漣죬ף漣»󼪣
Ϣ㲥ȫʱȫɵˡ
۾ܻһλ漣
»бǿĺ
ǿɲͨ񣬶һλ
֪ϢԺһЦλˣ
ǸͣӸգûʲô˵ģһôڿʼ漣ǵĽһδ½˲ָо漣ǵĸ漣ǵǿ󣬸鵽İԵ


638 
Ǵ顣
һ𶯴½
λĴϺ񿰳ƿǰ󣬶λ½ŶĴڣһֳǼ䶯ԵĴţƾһѾ漣ӡ
ο׳٣
ڴ½ȻСǻﲻƽƽλ
ȴܻ׽һƽĵ쵱ػԱɭֵ̬ȣ
Ǭ۹ڴ½λ˾ֱ֪ӻ׽ԴǬ۹ĺ콫һڽ»ø
Ǿֳ֧ͬ۷λԱ漣̻漣ǲжϵĳںģ
ⳡ񲻹ǶԳ˻ǶɭԼ½ȫŷǳԶӰı䣡ɭ˻ϵֶ֧죬½˭ҵ漣أ
漣δΪӴ½ٹŦͺġ
漣δܳΪ״½õĺ֮ء
һʷԴҲһʷԵĴ
ⳡڼѩƬ㲻Ϸ½ʷκһȢҲûһ޴ķӰ
λıָеǳ⣬νʶʱΪܣǿίʾãʵȴڸԼͶʡȻ޷ҲûֹΪʲô˳ưһأΪģֻΪԺøõλ֧֣
Ǿٱͬأ
ףǧͬģ
漣Ĺ׷׾ƱԳͷ˷ף
ӨӨŻȹߵ´л峤ȵȣ׷վǶӨӨ̬ȼ乧άаķеӡӨӨ׹λõĸоҪ֪Щڶǰ൱඼ǷֿԸĹĴ
ǸʱӨӨֻĹͨһΪѧϰյСŮ˭뵽˵İ棬۵СŮڼʱȻҡֱϣ֮۱
ӨӨͨŮһģǺ㣬ֻܼ޸һ˲ܰϳվסž͹ˡ˭֪֪УѾΪʺǸ漣ˣͬӵһƬȡ
д졣
Ѿꡣ
λʼĵû½ĻǾ޽еģμλϧʹѪϾ޴кҪһɾҪ漣Ϊ
漣̻żԽߣǾԽ˼ͷҪ
ΪżԽ²Ⱥÿһ漣Ĺ޲Ǵ½صλߣڵĴ½ѾͬǰˣΪĳ֣ñ౾޷˶ܽϵһǳҪ罻ϣһӽύ峤ΪӭԺչĪôá
͸¶λԹȥ֧׬ʮԪʯ
ôࣿ
㵱Ȼ֪ΪᣬкܶСѹⶼһ룬ֻΪһϯλ
еǳ⣬ⲻǴ½ΪֹʢݻӰĻ񣬸Ǵ½ĿǰΪֹ׬Ǯһλ
ʱˡ
Ʋ漣Ļ
ǻ߻һҲرܵĿһ
漣̻ĸֱ׷βλȫֱ½ĸ˶֪̬½չ
ټѾˡ
һǸλ
ڶŵǵ۹
սȹԼ峤ȵȡ
ȷǳлλµĻΪҵڴҲͲˡ̤ʺ̯ߵ룬վڸ߸ߵ̨ϣ˵ʲô׻ͶȫԼȫҪ顣
˶ʱ
ÿ˶Ϣϸ콲ÿһ֡
һ漣̻Ὣȫ½Ųֺļĺаͨ͡ѶȶǼƻȫ½ΪлλҶȨ
Ȼ漣̻ĿƼڴ½Ѿȡ÷ǳΪֱֹӰĵطֻǾ½Ĳ
μǴУڵڻûн촫ҲûнһȫҵĿռֿ⡣
漣̻ȫ濪źڵѣ½κεκлȡ漣ֺ̻ģʽݷǳ򵥣˵˾ǵطԴǮṩ漣ǳάڰձ䣬漣̻ԭҪռһ
漣̻ĺճЩѾżˣر۹ΪףѾʼԼϵҲ˳ͨѶ縲ȫǵʼ׬׬漣ͷȨ󷢺ơ

Ҫں棿
½漣̻вҲãԾ㿪ٸҲֻҪ漣̻ܾṩΪǽչ
漣̻ŵȨ
ǾͲʹѪһˡ
ڶ飬漣̻ὫŸƽ̨λǵ漣̳ǽظ̼פͬ½Ҳҵƽ̨ǽѰҸ鿪硣⣬漣̻մص鱨а߸ıأʮԶزأССż׼ͬ
漣Ǿ߱½ǿҵƽ̨漣̳ǽڿռֿ֮ϣѾΪ½ҲµĹ﷽ʽӸϴƵռƣ㲻ȫ½ĳǿ顣
顢顢ˡȵȡ
Щ׻ˮƽܵͣƧϲֻʵԽó壬̻ƽ̨ͽЩ⡣
飬˵ȵûҵͷԶҵ壬Ҳ͸ƽ̨Ļ棬һʵϵĴ¡
˸е֮ĵطڡ
Ȼ漣̻մԶżͱأǼֵͬѰ鱨ȻҲҪó
飬Ҫһ漣ǺľѪŻѪз漣½ӽʽ
޲վơ
ôμӻʵ൱һֶǳϢ
ṫ漣½ϣһСʱ׼ʱͨڣʱֻҪӵ漣ͷôֱͨͷ漣½
򵥼ʱǱ߾ͬʽ漣½ϣǿͨ漣̻ţֱ漣ͷȡϡ
漣½һ޿Ե磬ֻ벻ûֻҪ㹻
ⳡ̶𺳷Ժ
еһ䡣


639 漣½
˵˳
ʱ佻漣̻߹ܡ
漣ʢ绹мʱ䣬Ա̻Ǣ̸ҲЩ˻罻Ҫ
ǣӨӨߵ漣һ
ǳͷ
ǰǰȻôĺ䶯
漣̻ἸﶼȴʱǷ׷׶Գʾء
֮У֮Уһѯʵ׼ô
ģǶ׼ôãβκβӵġ
ޱޱϹƽ鶼Щӡ
һ濴ýӨӨ޳ȥΪˣ־𾴴ýһеʧ䡣ڴӲǺʮ̳ƣѾЩӡ
漣½Ҫˣ
Ǳúˣһƣ
漣½Ѿʼ½½ˡ
漣½һδ֪Լ޿Ե磬ʵĿǰ漣½ģʵȻٷ֮һȴѾüˡ
Ȼüб˴Զ״̬൱ֳУ趨̾ᣬκ˶ԻЩУӶΪ漣½İǰǴЩԭסçޡ
漣½ǾӪ罻ҵ֡Եȵȡ
ѾɿУÿһǧҡ
漣½տʱֻһУ½ǣΪ漣½ʥǣĿǰΨһһٷУҲ½ҪҲһС
ûиʵܼ򵥣
Ŀǰ˿Ϊʮˣ
ʮʲôģأЩСٹ¿ܶûô˿ڣ漣̻ȴһܽʮ˶װȥĳУѾȫԳˡ
漣ʥǸ̫Գھǧ͵㣬ʥǣܹЧݵдʥǷֶʮɭֳлĮиԭбԭе³ܹݲͬһ͹Գ漣ʥǵķḻʣ
ǵƽ񣬵漣½ϵʱÿһ˱𺳵ͬʱеŨȤΪ漣½󲿷ֵطʱʱķ֮һʱŹȥһ죬൱˵ӳı
ӣ
ҿͷ
졢ӨӨС㶼ͷãǰָڣĿǰ漣½ѡȻǻɫģֻѾֵʱÿ˶Ŀȴš
ӨӨͻȻʲôʣҽ漣ʥԺôأ漣ʥô󣬶ҿ϶˲٣ãã˺Ŀ²ҵɡ
⣬İɳˣھҪ˽Ц˵ͨѶͷഢԷͨѶ룬ֱԺֻ貦ͨͨѶֱӾͨѶ˵ˣǶ漣̻߲㣬漣½Ȩޣʲô⣬ֻҪƻƽ⣬ô֮æ
֮ǹɲά漣½ԡ
漣̻ĸ߲ﶼһȨޣ漣½ǳ㣬ֻҪƽ͹ƽ̫ƻʲôⶼ֮
塢ġһ
ˣ
ӨӨϽһط漣½˲䣬һɼľڴصӨӨǰ˲һƬֻһ㣬Ǻܿɢ硣
ΧһƬڰ
ӨӨоûС
ʱһڶ߻صӭ漣½ǵһν漣½봴һɫ
ո¡
ӨӨǰϰٸͬģͲοࡢ顢о飬иָ塣վ룬ӨӨԼӡ
ӨӨʣʲôͬ𣿡
Ѵģֱӽ漣½ҪѡģͣһҪʮԪʯڶҪһԪʯεÿûܴ˵ͬвͬƺص㡭
ӨӨ÷ǳȤʵ綼ʮ࣬Ϊһδһǰδе
ʱϵͳַʾ˵ģʹУòеµΪ20%Χ谴յշѡ
ӨӨЦá
漣̻Ҳ̫Ǯ˰ɡ
⻹ûʽ漣½ȻͳֺüշĿˡѡߵһЩط뱾òû̫仯ԵȽ8%ֱ趨
һﴴɣշʮԪʯԶ۳Ӵ½
ӨӨ۾ʱԼһƬ͵ɭ־УΧǧƲϳֵˣÿһ˶Ǿ󣬶ʵʵ綼Ǿ飬ÿ˶濴Լȫò
Ϊ漣½ǿԵģΪ20%òͨˣֻҪԼȱڸǵ20%ҲŮеģοЩΪ˸ֱԪʯҳ50%80%ϵȣԻϳ漣½̫ˡ
ȻҲų˻Լò͡
ӨӨ壬һ磬һۣһŹҰʾĿǰΪֻһضѣΪҲѹô
һǵͨˣÿ˵㶼һģ˸ƴ
ӨӨ
ɭľأӨӨԺһһ¾ǽ㣬㣬ģ
Ĺ㳡ϣ
ϣ
ӨӨ˻Σֱ֮ѯ·ҵ͵㣬Ȼ͵漣ʥǻֺޱȵĹٳ㳡˵ͬʱ㳡о׵ɣÿһϸڶοޱϸµĻƣһ޴Ȫˮܣмͷƽڸ̨ϣ漣ʥǵߣ˲ӹصңôЩƽͻֽѵǡ
漣½ǲģ׼ȷ˵ԺֻҪʾʱͻḴȻϳԪʯĻ̾Ϳڰȫÿ˶ǲˡ
ӨӨ
һѩ׳ˣޱޱһСֻаƴСҲѡֵ壬ֻгȻࡣ
Ϲ
һصĲ𣬵һͷȥʱ˶Цˣֻһ壬⣬෢ףŮ˳Ұ
ӨӨô
Ͳ˰ɣϹƺٺЦŮ˻ŮҲеһ죬Ҿͦģ


640 
ϹһζбڳˣʲôǷ֮Ҳֵ顣ǡǡҲ漣½ڣÿһﶼ¿ʼÿһﶼͬһߣÿһﶼлǰ޷
ΪˣΪ顣
һжпܣ
ʵԪʯ漣½һҪڽɫԼֵ񣬼ʹǮҲȫǮưԣܶͨ˾޴Ļᡣ
˲඼ˡ
Ҿʱ
һӱû뵽㣬漣½ʵҸе𾪣ֱһȫµأƷ̫ΰˡ
ⲻǷϻô
Ҫǿ
ͷȥʱһľɫŮǰȻòСĸı䣬컹һۿˣŮۣ
Ůһش磬ӨӨһģһģλ绪ŮԵڸ˸оǳƽҲǳأûаѹ˵ˡ
ŮۿԼ壺û뵽ܱɾһ죡
ЦǺǵʣλأ
ˣڷɫµأ۹Ǹϴ֣ȻһԿͨʮ壬׼һһԹȥڤǸϲڰ飬ָֻ״ֿ̬ܾΥĳԺγȤˣڴһ²֪ء
ﲻ֪˵ʲôá
Щһƴ֣ڣ漣½׬Ǯ
˵Ů۶Գеǳ治ǵ޽طǳҳ˾ϲĴ⡣ֻ漣½һΪʧʮֲӦܲܰæָһЩñʹʹʩչֽţ
ˡѴ
ôӶôҿ֧ԪʯҪ٣
һش˵ⲢԪʯ⣬漣½ɫÿ˶¿ʼΪŮ۱¶һôۿܾͻƵڶεһƽԽȻ޴棬󴿴Ľ׳ˣƻһõĵط
Ůüپе
ʵΪ֤漣½繫ƽѾ編ȨȫȨԻ֮񣬼ʹҲƹ֮׸ı䣬Ů۴˼¡
ŮһˬҲûбȳ죬ǳŵ˵ˣˣۿվʵ½ۣ֮ôȻͿվ漣½ۣ֮ЩҲмʹãҲøҸΪɡ
΢΢һЦܼ򵥣漣½ʵ½ڣǽʵϷϵ磬ԷΪҰ֡ʵʵܼ򵥣ڳѰսԼװϣҲԵҰѰħ޹ɱõֲϡ
漣½Ұ̽㹻ԶʱᷢҰкܶдЩĴʮǿĹԭסռ죬һЩˣӵȨгв˰͸ȨȻЩǿԻ๥ռģҲΪ漣½ܶȤζ
Ů۾ʱһ
ΪʲôԽ漣½Խˣ漣½δܴģǳɹ۵⾭ã˭漣½ռǿ˭ܻþ޴ӰӰ漣½ֱӰ䵽ʵȥ
ȤȤ
Ϲƴش˵ʱϹ죬ֱӳȥأ
˵ҲǣǾͳȥɡ
漣̻Ἰ˴Ůǰ
ѡһ͵ص㣬ֱӴ͵ʥǵϽ
ʥϽ͵һƬ̴ԭããԭûаӰϾ½ոտ˶ӴʥйأƵȵ棬ǼԺˡ
Ů۾ȽôôҰޡ
ԭﲼҰӰоǡţȵȣ˸еǳֵǣЩҰޱ˴˶ܿԷȴǳƽദһֻʵǲֵܳġ
Ů۽˵Ͻ漣½ҰܷҰ֣ҰǸ߶Ȼԭʵ̬ϵͳƵϵ򲻴ϵĹԺֻҪӦʱ䣬ǾͻԶרṩԵġ
Ϊ㣬ʼԴ½ðպ̽ϹһѴӶ˵һͷԭ˹ȥɱһֻ˵
ҰĹ
ʵҰһ׳˶Ŵͷİ˳붼ˣﱾṩɱף
㣡
Ұ򷢳Уӭ
ϹȻΪúǲڴ򲻹һͷ¾ͰҰ򿳷ڵأֻҲü˿ڡ
ҰԺʬͽʧֻһԷǣϹƼ˸߲˵սƷˣ
Ů۾ʮʡ
ﱻɱսƷ
ЩõȥܻȡԴҲܴԼҪװҩģַʽΪʵǵҪǿҲַʽÿҪʱһģûнݾߡ
Ҳϰɣ
˿ʼԳԣҰţǡ㣬ɱĹԽԽ࣬ӵеսƷҲԽԽࡣЩҪżҲҩģⶼǰڷǳԴ
ڼԭʱ
ͻȻһ֡
ޱޱɫʱһ䣺⣬д֣
˻û㹻ʱӲԭһͷƵʨӣ׸ߣ׳˶ޱȣݡ
ģҿܣһͷؾӢ
æŤͷܡ
ŮüһعҪܣδ棿
ֻһһصСʿɵǸûӣ
ŮеܱȱɵҪãѾΪʱƽʨһϣŮ۾һͻƬʧĹ㲻ˡ
Ů۾Ȼһͷ1ħ޸ɵ
⣬Ͼʵ̫󣬻ƽʨ׷ʱÿһƣȫ졣
漣½ɫԺҪɫܸȻҲ֧ԪʯٸԪʯǸݽɫΪһؽɫֻҪԪʯ˺ԥˡ
ŮٴμʱŭΣôһͷС1ħޣʵ磬һͷ۶һָͷȫû뵽ﷴɵˣ
Ů۲Ҫޱޱæο˵Ѿջϣȥȡҩһʵˡ
ԶԶԣϹҲ˵Ǹɴ಻ȥҰˣʥ濪һٶǵμҩĸʸ󣬻пܻùؼǱǿˣȥҲ٣
ŮѾȫȤĴ½˶ֳǿҵȤһۣһȥɡ
ξͲμˡʼ磺Ҳ֪ҵĻûʽûôʱ档˵ôӨӨ
Ů۸еǳɨˡ
Ҳȱһˡ
ŮֱЩȲ˵Ǽȥɣ
ãޱޱϹƶǺ֮ˣ衢ܵҲû£˾ɶһðСӣǰȥμˡ


641 
ӨӨ漣ʥ΢й伸Ȧ漣ʥ޴ڵķÿм޴ҵ֣иһģҵǣ串ʵһͨ
ʲôأ
൱ж̣ȫûסȫûвӰȫûʩֻƵ̣
ͨҪǴһһȥ䣬ÿһҴͣһСʱÿʮĸСʱͣЪҪüһȦʥǵĳҵ棬Ѵ͵岼ʮַ㣬ֻһ̵ͼֲᣬôʱȥȥֱֻȥȥ̡
ʥҵ۵ĶʵԴƷ
κ˵Ĺ񱣡
漣̻ӵ漣̳ĳƽ̨ΪʲôҪĳ⹺ﳡأʵ߼һ㶼ͻ漣̳ǱϾֻһƽ̨δǧƵƷԺǺѴӺ̵Ŀ﷢ƷĿֱԼͨȡ
漣ʥҵֵʹˣ
漣ʥǾ漣½룬漣ͷʹԽ࣬漣ʥΪΨһĹٷǣԶȶᱻռӶᣬҲԶǵ漣½ĳأҴҲ㣬δÿﵽʮ඼ϡ档
ĴԽҵҵֱɹԱã漣ʥǷֳɾȵȲͬЩҵֽӦɫزʥҵΪۺԹﳡ
ｫΪȫ֮ء
漣ʥڸ֡ðշЩӰƽֵ͸ܣȻҪȡԪʯõġ
漣ʥⷿϵԻɼ˵ĳǱµݵѨסլ칫ҪҲܸ²ṩ
δ漣½˿ԽԽࡣ
ѵ»Ԫʯ
漣½ҰĲǴһ߶ɹƽȤľ磬Ʒ߸ʵвҵӶҵУΣȫתƵ
Ϊ漣½ʱٱʵĵ屶Щʮʮζƾսӳ治ϲʵʵֻ˵ʵֵľ޴ƣ
漣½㹻ռ䡢ǳءء
ֻҪܲ棬ֻҪ׷ʵʣìܡƸȫͶŵ漣½
ʥʵң߶ģʵ磬ѧھиģʵԣǵܼĻȷȫԼЧʡʥֱӽ뾫ͼݡ漣ѧԺѧϰɷȫղؼ伮ܳɫѧڿԽ⣬ڴ½ƶĽ䣬ӵýԴ
֣ʵ̫࣬һһ
漣½
漣½޿ԣձؽ޵Ӱֻڻûа취ȫƲ⡣漣½һģ漣̻ô˲ţв½صߣս׳ŶҹԼյи£漣½ԽԽ
ӨӨ漣ʥǣֱһ԰
гԣкȣ棬йб䣬иԴ˸еǳ⡣
ʥһӡ
Ѿȥˡ
ֵԽԽ࣬ҲѾ乻ˣ˽ͷصʵ硣õͷʱ˻ڴͷǹɱս
ӨӨص漣
漣ûҲû漣֣ȫµϲϢ׷Ʒػ񣬰Ϊ˵ʯ񣬾ʳħ嶼̶һ춨λʳħĽա
漣ѾΪɭֵһ顣
ѾҴ½ֵĴˡ
漣ĺȻÿǰǿңγǾٰĻ棬һѾΪ漣Ҫӡ
ݼ
ݼˣ
ӨӨʱм˵ȫ׷
ӨӨԳƺžЩ˼ϾһʼЩӦﻹǺġ
صﻺذϼֵǵĻһ˫΢΢죬޳ֱĴӨûж覴á
쿴ӨӨԴ˵Ư
治˵ӨӨߺһװŭӣԼţѵͲƯѵͲƯôѵͽƯô
ЦƯƯ
˭ӨӨְͷһƲΪʲôȵڲȢң
ﲻ֪ӨӨ뷨߹ȥ§ڻ˵ΪǿԻܾúܾãδкܳʱһԺҲֿˣӽ쿪ʼӽʼôҵĳˣ
ӨӨΪѵͷҾһأ
˵꣬ͻȻż⣬ڳһ¡
˳ƱסӨӨ壬ӵһеڴϣӰһ
һ̿ʼ
廹ꡣ
˶Ѿܲɷϵ
һ̿ʼӨӨʽΪŮˣҲΪʵĳˣһеķˮɵģǳ컹ӨӨûκͻأ

ڶ졣
ӨӨԺѹ
ӨӨԴһ˿ΣɬֶһĵĸоҹѾɴŮŮ˵ĸı䡣ʱ˿ֻһ̺ӣһ˫ֱ޳ĳųظҲ̺ӵ֡
ӨӨоԼһůĻתʱֻӢӾ;ǰȻ۾˯˻װ˯
ӨӨգоûϲۣ̲סչȥСװϵһ¡
ʱоЩ
ĿȥʱɫʱôΪ
ΪһֻѩСڴͷֻ۾˻Ůˡ
ʲôʱģ
ӨӨ͵һֻ̺ϻ䣬ɲǼ䴺էй续
ӨӨæץ̺ס壬һֻƴҡų죺ιѣ
۾һ۽ֱϣʲôĸꡣ
ӨӨ˵ʱ䲻ˡ
ôǾ˯Ҳû˸ҹң˭ϴ󡣡
ӨӨý㡢Ϲޱޱ׼ҪЦˣ̫Ϊˣ
ѾͷƤҲ̫ˣڶѾ˳ޣѵ±˵лɣȷʵһҪֻøӨӨһ𴩺·ߵڡ
㶵ĿſտյһİŮˣλȫǿŵģЩʣС㣬أ
迴ƽûʲôһԷݣһЩƣŹǷ˵Ƕ漣½أڰλڣϺڤ漣½ϲȫ治԰ˡһսأҿʱû˼ϰˡ
ôӨӨģô޹ʿأͽȥǣúýѵѵһ١
ѽӨӨһҹ֮ȷʵе˵ˡЦЦգգۣǹô
ҲҿЦӨӨʱɴæƵ뿪ȥϹǡ
ֻ˵̫ˡ
ʵһ죬漣½͹ȥ죬ЩһæôòĶ漣½ǳϲҲܿó漣̻Ʒֻÿǰĳɹ


642 Ұ
ߵջô
ǳɹ˵ֱۣﵽʮԪʯشǬ۹׽ǬۣԼ漣½˳ȡԶԤĻӭ̶ȡ¼Ժ漣̻϶ܵ춨ڴ½λ
Ȼµλ̻Сջ񣬵û뵽ջôľˡЩֱӰԼ⣬δΪ漣̻ȫ½սԵ춨ʯ
Ϊ԰ټ漣̻ûйκνȫڲμӻĹ漣ֱ̻д󲿷ֶѾ漣̻᷽˳öƻ
漣ǵĴ̳ǡͨѶܿܽ½ͬ͹ˣһδԺ漣̻ʽ½ȥӰͲƷһȫ½
Ȼʵ;ӷ棬漣ڶ۹ȣҴڲ࣬漣̻Ѿʷĵһȫ½ĳҵ۹ڴ½κһһĳɾ͡
ѯʵһ׼ôߣ
漣̻ҵѾչȫ½壬Ҳһܹǿ̻ᣬҪľǳȴûбڻõľ޴ջ㣬Ϊְץסһлȥı࣬½۹Ĺϵڣο漣½Ŀδܳһʱﶼҵע⣬ǿԽ˻ʽ
ƻѾܾˡ
漣ڴ½ӰѾѷɫκѾܶ۹漣Ǿ֮߱ȴȱ֮ʵ漣վֻһжѣǿΪû㹻ʵ⿿᷽ûа취ξðġ
漣Ҫʵֻиһֱӳһʵĵ۹ĳ
ʱҲˡ
Ǵ˷ͷ
Ҫ󣬿ǶԾܾɡϾ漣̻չͼʱŸոտʼ漣ǸںϺȻܻøԴͺôû˻ȥǾҲһ
漣ΪγɭˡˣʵкˣˣЩõ½϶ǿҲڱȽɢ״̬ܹȫͳһӴ˷һ쵼һµĵ۹ͺȻˡ
ҡҡͷ˵ֻЩҲ⡣
ԾؿѵС㻹Ҫࣿ
Ӫɭ֡ʮ٤⣬ڶһҪĵǳȤصָһ½ͼҰֳڵ漣ڴ½ͼϣֻռһСѣһָҪǬǵİͼȥ
ʱһ
һֱҰĲƶˣȴ̫͹ĸˣǬ۹һŽʷĳȻ漣ʰĹңǴǬ۹ڣҪ漣ƴף˭ʤ˭δ֪ء
Ǭ۹ʿʮ漣
мѪνǻìܡ
漣ôܽһգۼѣһķʽ½ûгֹ۹Ϊ軹Ǹ˵
˵ˣǬ۹ܱ漣շôЧ޷ġΪ漣ڱѾγһ۹Ǭ۹漣Ƿìǰ½ǰ
Ǭ۹ӵ½ʮͰǿʢĺ۹𣬺пܾǴǬ۹ֽţڴǬ۹ƿŴԼķ֮һеԿܡ
磬ԸɣǬ۹ı漣շôٳɽ۹ںô򵥡
ɭǬ۹ڵλ÷ͱȽϿмԼΧӰ˵СвǽͷԼɡһںϣôյµֱӽǣһƬɺǽͷݶòѡͶľްԡ
Ҳںϡ
Ǭ۹ɭ֡طκһе۹߱Ϊ۹Ǳʣͻᵮһڴ½صľްԣշ䵽½ư½
ûưһ
漣ǽΪ½ʵİ
쵱Ȼ֪ĺôȻüͷ˵жٰգ
跴һ䣺ӲĻģжٰտԸ㶨Ǭۣ
룺ȻǬۺǣվһˣȡֶηıһҵĿִѡҪⲻǬۣǬ۹
ֶֻǶԸһ˵ĻȻǬּȽѣȻڵǣǬǴǬ۹٣Ǭ۹ȴйʮڰЩڴǬ۹Ѿ۹֮Ľϣ漣̸ף
Ѹ㶨ȨȺ壬Ϊһشĸĸȫܻ˺һȨ棬ᴥơǬ۹ΪʵȨ̸ڣôȫ㶨
ȴ˵ֹ㸺ǬۣҸǬ۹ΪޣܲܳɾͿʱ䡣
漣̻Ч죬򲻿겻ʱͷչڵĹģͼȥ˶һĵ۹治һޣǳԸǬһˣɡ
Свֵ֧ĵ
ӨӨɻ飬ѾŪȫ½֪˳ƽ漣½½ÿһ䣬Ϊ漣ͷ޵Ĺϵܽ漣½˲࣬˵֮Ǿͷ
ȨͷѾͷΪҪսĿ꣬Ƿ׷ͶԴͷʮӡ
Ȩ⼸λڡ
ÿ󲿷ʱ䶼漣½æ濪̽أԶڴ½ĳЩ֪飬һȺȥǬôҪϢˡ
Ҳûа취顣
˭漣½̫Ҳ̫սˣ
ÿˣڸͣ
漣½ԵȨʵһЩԵײͨҲĪΪÿ㶼ǹƽģͨȫͨڴ½ðպЩ½Ĺⲻܻþ޴ɾ͸УܴӮȡ棡


643 
Ǭ۱Ѻ漣Ϊĵ
ھ˹¸֮½׽ԴǬ۱͵漣ǹ죬˵ˣ漣̻漣һ߲㶼û¶棬ֻǽڵץסĲһֻۣһ鷸ƵСɫ
Ǭ۱ѹΪ
˫˫Ӷ˩ס
뵹Ǵ̴ȫסԪ
߰λǿߴ粽룬۾գηǰÿʮСʱϿأԸûѳϣ
Ǭ۴ʱ˿ӸǱ㣬ͷϣֻżһѪȻž춯ΪҲȫӲվΪ
Ե˵Ǻεܴ谡
λĴۣ˾ȥܵİԺ󣬳ڵѺǬۡ
ֻǬ۶ñһѹΪĳԪѹǬ۱˵ӳѵصĴ֮߶ҲѾû˰ɡ
ǬҲоһӰ̧߽ͷǰֻ꣬Էӷǳᣬһؼ򵥵ĳۣһͷҼվһֻꡣȻûԷչ棬Ǭһ۾жϳ˭
˵Ŀɱˡ
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ʼ˵Ǭ۱£㲻Ҫ۹⿴ңʵ鷢չز˭뿴ġѵûмֹԼôҪ֪ʼգ漣ǲֹǬ۹һǴǬ۹Ŵεˣϸ˵ᷢչֵزǱ¾ȡ
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˵Ǭ۴˻ͷߵˣΪǬ۴ľͷˣȥǬ۴ϣúõ𡣡
ηǼߡ
⼸ڤڤɵ漣죬߲֪ʶԨȫӵ򾳽ʵ˴漣ѧʵͬʱδ漣ǵۺʵܴ
һ޵ͷͽηֻشǬ۵ͷϡǬ۲֪쵽ڸʲôɵҲ֪ʲôùӳԡ
Ǭ۵һλ̫Ƥ֮裬Ϊ漣ǲ֮΢Ц˵ǬйڼҪһ徲ú侲侲ͷΪǬģܰǬ۱ͽһʱʵٷ֮һҲ˵ʵȥһ죬Ҫաͨ˵ľ޷ô޴ʱǬ۵ľȴԺúһˣϣʱúϨϨ𡣡
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쵰ҪʬΣ
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Ǭʱ֣һͨ˼ҷտյģֻһӺһӡǬ۷ŭޱȽӾǽˤ÷飬ǴԼӣƬ»㼯ֱԭӡ
Ǭ۷ռ棬ʲôʲôƻȻ޷Ķһһ͸侹ʼնûбطһòĻ
ռʱٷ֮һ
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쿴ȥƤ֮࣬ʵִԶʤǬκһ̷ǬǺεȺ绽ִƴǬ۹ɱ˷֮ĪҲӣεȰԵεţ
ڱԶһССܻᱻѺϰǧ꣬û˽ûûеֿ취Ǭ۴һּĵͻȻɶһ仭Ŀ棬ǳ
죡
ҳҳȥ
Ǭھռ﷢ŭΪûκġҪľЧ֪Ǭ۶϶ŭ̸иûϣԳʲô鶼û̸Ūһͷϣھʮʮʹ˵
ﲻǻٴٱصˣʮʮʱҲӦóȴˡϾʮʮʲô鶼ɣûа취ȥûа취ûа취ֻƵط˾ÿ£
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Ըǳ֮˱зǳ֮
ʹǰǬ۹Ǭ۹Ȩ̸Уһȥ֪òܻ漣ǴСмԶԾߺôǲŴȱݾǲóðգûйϵ漣ڸַǳȶҲκðա
漣ѾûвˣǼӴ漣ǵļͶ룬ͳصĹ̽ȣرҵĴͨѶ豸Ľ裬Լ漣ͷ֮漣Ǽʮһ𿪹ԴȰʵЭһжʲˡ
ֱԷ㣬Ҫһϡ
̻ش˵ǳΪЧͣʳҪʲôϣ
ֱ˵һ󴮲йҩƷͶʮ֣ҪԪʯʮҡʮԪʯʲôĸͨʵѹѳﵽһƾ޿
ûа˵Ϣͨ˾
Դʮ⡣
̻᲻ΪĿô
Щκһֶڴ½Ϻû漣̻ûпռֿûǿͨѶһλҲʮڽЩռȫҪĴɱ
赭дύһѡ
ھͿȲһһռˡ
æԺ
С³ܵǰֻצﱧһų㵸
ǡ漣ͷ
췢СﶫȻһȭͷСͷԭСڳ첻漣ǵʱȻԼȥоң漣̻˸һͷͷΪСġ
Ҳ뵽漣½棿
СʹͷͷԴϣצȻȻ
ǳ棬С굽漣½ʲôӣҲóԼͷϣ漣½ԺƶصСꡣ
Ǻꣿ
Ŀɿڴǰֵˣһ۵СŮԼֻ߰ӣ˫βǳɰຢͯûʲôΨһǱɫĺβ͡
֮Ϊ壬壡ʱ˿СŮڽĿȻǷǳֻɤҵʵβͣʵҲܻӣ
ʱеˡ
С漣½ﶼ˵һ壬Ҳ̫˼ˡ


644 
ոߣ˾иоΪ漣ͷ߱úѹܣֻҪӾͨѶ¼ͨѶ¼ϵ˵¼漣½ôͬ漣½˾ͻյϢѡ
ӨӨϽѳйǼϡ
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֪СŮСʱһȫʾˣ˷׷׹ȡϾ֪СıԣƾаֿɰŮͨɱ˲øС
С󣬰㶼߳ܡ
Ҳ˵ģϾҪβز»ҪܳһأΪ漣ͷĹϵֱӾ߱Ȼһ¡
׼ȥףС㣬ôҲڡ
ǳ췢ֳ֣ӨӨϹޱޱʵܡԼλۼ⣬дģۼɭ˸߲㵽룬ع嶼ڳ
иһǳϤӰ
С裿С㲻͵͵ȥǬ۹ô
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һЩҰ˭Ҳ²С㾹ȻǰǬ۹ҲﵽĿģСȻǳĽթء
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ûʲô±ͷҾ档
漣½Ϊḻָ֣־ս淨ݣҪ֮以ྺҰðռ֡Ұðճɱ⣬ҪҲ˼һ趨ǹռ
漣½ʥÿ򶼿Թ˭Ҫսжȡ˭ӵʹȨ⽫мߵļֵϾÿ䶼дֿԼ׳ġ
нһṩ˵ˡ
˵ڷֵĹͷɽկʵһСӣʥа·̣ȡͷɽկôÿǰԶطҪȾ·̣һͷɽկͨˣôܴʥֱӴ͵ͷɽկٴӹͷɽկط
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˭Ҫռܻ̾ȡ޴棬⹥ֵطзǳ˵սƷջ˷ЩҰĵˣ¶Źĺûᡣ
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ѵӲȻôط
Ҳһֳ漣̻ṫƽص㣬漣̻һС򣬻ǵÿսȡġɼЩƶκ˵һͬʣԲκεƫ֮
ͷɽկѾǰ鱨ʾͷɽկһͷˣΪձص֮䣬ֽ׶εĴ˵൱ѶȡΪھٺãҲʹﵽˮƽ
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οЩձƴ֣ԪʯһЩ֮
ЩʵǸطֻΪļһǰļֵɾͷǳˡ
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ѡһʯͷ壬ʯͷ۰ָӣϣϣ
һͻᱻһ
ٸսʿһӵϡ
漣½ȻƽҪٷְٹƽǲܵ顣ʵԪʯ漣½ɫԼӪ⣬ǲ̵ֱﹺҩġؼ֮佻ףҲҪ˰ġ
ⲢЩۼ
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Ȼҩģණֻֽ׶Ϊֵ޴ԻļֵҲĺܸߣǱ˴ۼĻںԪʯֱӹɱ
Ȼ״˰ƣⲢӰۼռĸ鵤ҩ͸ؼЩԴб͸۳ɳٶȿܱȱô
Щ۴ĲӶǱؾӢû뵽漣½û죬ȻѾѵһĲֵΨɱ˷ˡ
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ˡ
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۵ȻѾ̫٣ɽկդͻȻȺȮХֻǿ׳ŸĹͷˣŭЩððʧʧɱɽկļһ
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ݷһ̽ҷֹͷʵǿԺ̿ʼսԣȻǷڶʱǰҪʤĶȡɽկֻЭС
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СʱԺ
ͷһǧˡ
ÿ˶ΪԴȫʤʱû뵽鷢ˡӹͷɽկĴ棬ͻȻһرĺëͷˣѵ糵Ⱥȥ
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ŮŭʲôιǱ漣̻ģһ徳ʵսôﵽѾ磬ôƵģ
˵ûд޵۹Ŀ޴ҲǳƸ֪飬ȻʵֲǾ棡
λˣͷͷһǵ趨϶Ҫͨǿ󼸱ӵսҲһ߶һ߽˵ڳƣǾ͸ԩˡ漣½дͳСƣҰΡǧڼƵĹȺ壬ÿһϸڶҪ̻ԱԼƣôһҲ漣½
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˵ЩʲôϹͷͷȥȸɵ˵


645 
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ޱޱڻ壬ССǳΧŹͷתͼѹͷǣסû룬ͷ˴һޱޱʱоһ񣬷·ܵϮѣԭء
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졢ӨӨáʵ˶նڵַΧСݺύİɫɨУܵĻᶼûУȫУջ׹ʧԭء

漣̻һﱻȫɵ
ɽկעֲˡ
漣̻Լ˶ôңɼȷʵԴһ֪
ͷͷԪƺ֮ģԽԽʱҲԽԽͣÿâһƬˣͷͷǿҲûа취ֹΧ
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˾һּۻۡ
տ޴۴УΪС˽˻һԪʯ
Сˬתø޴ۣǽԴϲľ棬һԪʯԿ޵۹˵ȻҲһС֣ǻڸ⡣ͷɽկڿ޴ǿɲֹһԪʯļֵ
СҪɽկôý˻һʣͨԼľ˻һԪʯֽ޿Сеǳ⡣Ȼ˷ǳǮǼһ̫ˣͷԼ׬ǮʽСŪĻ׼úõʵ׬һʡ

޴۷ġ
ֶѾͷͷɵôףֻһԪʯ͹һҪ֪漣½һ˽ӿ¾ͲֹһڵԪʯֵˣ
޴۷ɽկ
ۣǷֲֿкö౦䣬ȫսƷ
ۣɽկ뷢һѾʥǴͣ
ۣɽկѵӪһļԪʯͷˣΪɽկ
ۣǷһͷɽկרԴɽկרռ䣡

ջͽݱԴԴϻ㱨ÿ޴ۺϲ£졣ռֿ⡢սƷֵͲ˵ˡͷѵӪҲǷǳؼĵطΪͷɽկǿԱ˹ģΪ˱סԼĵ̣ôҪͷˣҪԪʯġ
㻨Ѷһλ۶ʲôأ
֮ϲǹͷ
Ȼ޴ǼȻܳΪ϶ȥҲѾʼʶһݵļֵʲô
ǵλá
˵һλüѣΧзǳԳԴֻĿǰ̽ԵҪ̽ԶطͱôͱȻм߼ֵ
ͷɽկʥǰ·̣ĿǰԶĵطΧдʺʵԳԴǾ߱߼ֵġ
˵λúΧԴôһ豸ռֿ⡢ҵ֡ƹݡӰԺ糡ȵȣôоӣôȻȻֵ
ͷɽկֻһɽկȻ߱ôߵȣȴһררֽͷ˵ҩ԰ϰͼԪݡͼݣԪʵ˭֪ǻָԪҩ˭֪˲ҩ
漣½տţԴǹӦ
Ϊʡɱᴫ͵ͷɽկսлȡҩûǷмֵùͷɽկĴ˵Уսͷɽկⶼܴܲļֵ
޴Ǽ˴ˡ
´ۡڵ֪Ժ̣û뵽ȻӼһˡҲû٣һɽկôʥǸ϶кܶطһҪҳһռ졣
ⲻ֮
Ǽ֮
´۸ڵͷŷһӽԺͷԺ󣬰ٷ֮ʮڲչڷǰͷȫǴģӦóﱸһ֧羺ľӣôˣζˡ
λҲ׷Ч¡
֮漣½ſ죬Щ˾Ѿݱʮֻˡ
ȻĵԴռ⣬漣½ѧԺҲѾ׼ѧ⾫ͼݡоȵȣȫѾʽʼá
漣½Ѹš
ҿ쵽Ǭ۹ˡյʵʱ䴫ʾҵʹŽʼڴǬ۹Ǳߴô
ЦЦѾ㶨һ룬߸÷
ãҾͷˡ
˵͸ңͷʼ׼ʼˡ


646 ͻ
漣½ҹĻ٣ʥǱʥ漣Ƶѳʮ֡
漣½趨ʵǳӽȴֲȫͬʵ磬˵漣½ʵһ˲С
ʵվʵҪǳʱ䲻ʳ޷ǿʿҲܣջ˥漣½ܻУֱӰ˶仰˵ֻҪܹܼʺʹ࣬ʮˮҲڻ漣½ʵҪˡ
˿漣½컨Ƶسʡ
ͨҲԳԵʵƷɽ亣ζ
Ҫ͵סһ٣³һٶû⡣
ȻǾ޷ܣȻܽ漣½ڷԲϡοڼȼ״̬֮£ԪǿȻۿۣҲڸðս
漣½ʱٱʵ
ζʵ٣漣½ѾԾŶʮٶֹҵҲǷǳҪղҵδ漣½˿ڼʱ漣̻ڲӴռո
漣ʥƾڣӴ½һ̿ʼеʩѾȫҲ˵δܳһʱ漣ʥǼ¢вסޡֵȵȷ롣
ȻԶȱ
ЩѾʼע漣½ǱڿʼķѾ漣ʥǹɳ۵̶ڻδȼ۸񱻳Ժȥһ濪ʼͶʲҵ
Щ漣½ƽӰ첻ʵеԪʯǿֱѣܹռгȻһǳɹ۵ľ޴ռ䡣
漣½һƬ
ÿ˶Ѫڷܶ
Ϊÿ˶пܳΪ漣½ǿߣͨǿߵ·Բֹһ˿Ұⷢؾżػðչɱؼһɳ졣Ҳͨ齨֣ĴǰկӵΪһ˿㲻ҵ·ߣͨԴͶʲ׬ȡ޴棬ðﹺҩĵҩװܼһԷչΪǿߡ
һԪ粻ȱ淨
ðաưԡҵ漣½Ҫ淨
Բȫ淨漣½޿ԣھ;ټͨӡʥзḻĻּݺؽ裬Ѿһְҵߡ⾺оսʤȡʤܹͬսƷȫԲضԻμʹΪһְҵҲܹϱǿ
⾺ȻһľȻƽעԵʵ粥ţȫ˶ܹۿǴ쾺ǵĺʱо츳˶ŵʼĥ¡
⣬оѧʣߴӰӻƷռֵȡú䶯̶ȣҲԻԪʯ絤ҩҩᡣ
֮ܶ
ðաưԡҵǾѧʣ綼һ׷ǳȴ乫ƽϵϡֻҪܹκһ壬ôܹΪˡ
漣½˵طˡ
뿪漣½Ȳһݡ
漣½˿ڼ򣬲̶̼ʱѣѾѣҪѶڷߡ̳ǹԼַϡ
һ漣½˲࣬ȴǿľˣЩҲ൱ߣǹΪŮۡ޴Ǳֳ漣½Ŀȳԡ
ҲǿΪһλۣʵ棬ΪѾչƿû̫ͻƵأںȻһǱּȤ֣ܲǵľ
鿴һʾλڹȥʱÿٷ֮˾ʮʱ䶼漣½ɹʵǳַǳҪ飬Ƕô˳ȥ
λѾʼ漣ʥⷿˡ
ɼδ׼ֱӰѰ칫صʵתƵ漣Ĵ½
漣½ķҲһҪԴʥ֮иֺ;סլϵµͨ˵Ĺδ漣½ʵӯһ㡣
漣½ʱİٱ
ѳ˵ˣĲѾȫɹϣھҪʹ𣿡
ôͲɹˣԴ˸е־ȣΪԤĲϿɲͨϣŹȥʱ䣬Ȼȫ֣ٶȽ˲òеȣȫ͵ҵʵҿռֿ⣬ھҪʹá
Լרʵң򿪿ռֿ⣬Ѳͳͳȡ
ʮԸ־׵񱦺װļƷҩİڿκһҩĶ򾳽ǿͷȴ漣̻Զ̶ʱﲻͬչֱ˹
漣̻ڵʵ
漣ڵӰ
Сᵽζè¶Ҫ͵Եı顣
һȥΪ֪漣½ո׬һʡټƽʱ漣԰Լط͵ҩĺͲϣԪʯۡҪǸ͵һҩҾֱӶ˻Ķȫ߳乫
СûëƤðը
Ǳƾ׬ģƾʲôô
ʹȥ԰Ͳֿ͵ԣҲǱƾ͵ģ
ֱ׳ߵĺڰ˵˺ˣҪҩҩǳҪһȥҪˡ
С߷߲ƽôãȻôӡСһ֮µҲˬֱ뿪СҲѾͷ׼漣
ͷ׬Ǯô
СԵ漣½ҵȥ
Сߣʼ£ʶһУӵͭŶתƯ𡣳콫ʶŶϣֻƵԪ·׷â߸߾˫֣ȻĴһӿԪʱʵ︨װҲ׷ױԪ
ͬ߶
ŶԪҩʼˡ
һʵѾ漣ʵ豸ṩԴԴϾԪЩԪǴԪʯֱȡģ侫һ޶ԪҪá
ɳҩȡȡһСƬŵҩпʼơ
ҹԺ
ҩųҫ۹â
һŵҩе
հԵùâɡ
ûκεöҩ漣ҲҵܷĲϣһʱôҩͻʧ˵񵤾ʧһ㣬ҲĪʧ
̽
񽭺Ӵ󺣰ʣһؾѾͣܳһʱ䣬ʱҲûȫûн漣̻ӵôǿԴƣÿһ̻߲ÿ춼ѵҩʳԣ쵱ȻҲ⣬ÿ춼Ҫ̷һҩΪ
ջȴѰͻƣóܵĵԽԽۺ
һŵҩڵԪ˲͸ÿһ֣ȫھձɾԭʼԪоÿһԪӯĺںˮ
ûκ
ֱͻһؾ硣
ǿʼѣΪڻԪ󲿷ֶûرǵҩ̺һԣҩǰõҩﶼܺġ쿪Ԫȫʱִֵܿһƿ׶Σ˳ͻһΪ
ˡ
Ϊ۶в࣬ƾֵֶԼλҪԸҲûô׵顣Ѿȫ߱˼ͷֱԿҲ½ǿߵС


647 
ʮʱͻƣֻʮʱ乮̾磬󹦸Ժûм뿪ʵңʵﵷһӣ˭Ҳ֪ʱʲô
ճʵϵĹϵ
ȡϵǬ۹ĹȻѾȡͻԽչ
ɣ
ûô찡
ôСЧʲͣһʱ䣬ôܾȡͻԵĽչأһʱ˵°ѴǬ۹һ鶼̫ɣ
Ϊ˽С㿪ͨѶ
ھռ龭ϸһ顣
ǰǬ۹ǹһǰһ֧ٸ⽻ԱɵʹŶӣ鷳Ǭ۹ܣĹҪͳͰŹ󲿷ʵжȥɡ
漣ʹŶִǬ۹ʱʱǬ۹Ѿҳһ״̬ΪǬ۹ٴγ԰̣ΰ̱ǰΰܵøң۹¶һܲС
λȻ޴档
ֱӰǿŹάϵ⽻ϵ
Ǭ۹ڸɿ֮£ѾֹͣԴǬ۹ɹһЩɴ౳ѴǬ۹ߵ
ôǬ۹ܵǰδеĴʧΪһ۹սִСȸʮưټƣСɵıѺϹ׬ȡ޴棬ռ൱һ֡
Ǭ۹δǬ۱²Ժ󣬴Ǭ۹ĹѾ½ҲԴǬ۹δеʮֱۡ漣ǲԽԽǿ䷢չٶȿһǧݣÿ춼ܷչµء
֮¡
ʲôС
Ǭ۹漣ǽôӣܱܲԼѾˡǬ۹϶Ѿû˼ڹЩСΪܻᱬսĹϵδԸӱѺϹԺܴЩСѡӲŹأ
Ǭ۹ȫʢʱڶûа취ɭԼδ͸ˡΨһ£ѸߵԼХ۹ڶΪҰǬ۹Ͻ۹Ѿ˳Ӧƣ½۹һʼ漣ǽôǬ۹¸еֻš
½۹ǧȷʵǷǳƧĴ⣬ֻҪδһȫѾʼ漣չ
Ǭ۹˵ѾΪ¶
漣ǵλǰǣ漣̻ƼƷԴԴô½ÿһҶڻӵʱٷչֻдǬ۹Ȼԭʼò
漣ڴ½λԽԽߣԴǬ˥ˣΪ˭֪Ǭ۹漣ͷʽռ켼Ƽڵʱֹͷ˭ϣ֮۴Сȶ׷Ǭ۹ѹϵΪֺ漣Ǭ۹ĿΪҲټ
ˡ
ǰǬ۹;Уʹþ鷽ʽߵХ۹λ۹棬۹ɸΪ񲯴ɺЭ顣
漣̻ὫԼźΪ촫ͨ͡Ѷϵͳ۹ΪͬʱʼǬ۹ʩѹ漣ǲ۹ͦߵԼХ۹Ѿվ漣ߣ½д½漣Ѿûκη
Ǭ۹ΧἯѱ䣬ʵڱֽҲйϵܣѱ䣬⻼᧿ΣʱʽǬ۹ûֱǬ۹߲棬øֶκķڼԪʯɱͨǬ۹µý
Ǭ۹ý廹ǳͳҪԱֽż㷽ʽϢýطܴ󣬲ܱȨȫƿءǬ۹ݿǳĿĵݣﰵﶼָǬԼǬ߲㣬ٲӸĨǵϢ²ǶΪǬ۹ýزǬۺ͵۹߲ҰԼԴȡ
Ǭ۹۱Ҳ֮ϵЩȨߣ漣¼Уǰһֿߺ޹ߡвʧʱ漣ǼԴ½ɸı䣬ԼǬ۹չĺ˶漣ǼƷʶ
ò˵
һ÷ǳá
漣Ǭ۹ҪìܾԼս⼸սǬ۹´Ǭ۹Ӱ˥ˣôǬ۹Ĺ漣Ǻ֮ǡ
Ǭ۹̸߲С
ȫܾһһϣĥĥһͨⲿʩѹڲɿٿ۵ȵȷʽ档Ѿȡ÷ǳЧ
ʱѾ죬ʼǬ۹󼸸Ȩ̸СսԷǳ򵥣˵˵վգʵڲоŻвɾʹɱ
Ǭ۹ȺףǬ۲ڣû˳ų۹ڣ֧飬ⲿѹؿ֮׿ԽֶΣʣһʱｫǬ۹߲㶨
˵ҪҪ㣬һԪʯ㹻Ԫʯ߲¡ڶǾ콫Ǭ۸㶨ֻҪǬͬҪǿ嵹ǣôѾɹˡ
漣ԪʯãǶʮڻʮڣһҲֵãԪʯ裬ͱǵԴֻҪܰѴǬ۹ۻٶɱԸߣԵ֧֣ǬͲõģеǰ취Ʒ
ͷãȻˣǾץʱ䣡
˳ͨѶԺʱ䣬Ǭ۱ϾͷҲʮˣССľѾȹʮꡣ
ʮ갡
ôһСС䣡
¾ǿҲܿʮķưɡ
¾ԸٻٶӵˣʮҲӦó侲ˡ
òˣΣǬۡǬûκα仯ϾʵֻǸոչȥʮ졣ڴ˵߻ӻ֣ǰǬ۵ͷ򿪡

Ǭ͵ػصʵ磬ãȻΧϤİãȻǰϤİˣҪһ˺Ƭ˳ǰʱѾоŭޣֻʣ
ʮľУǬŭջǹ侲ʼ˼Լһʼ˼Ϊʲôأʼʶ漣ǶԿӿʼһ
ЦпǬ˵Ǭ۱£ǲʮû㿴ƽ٣ͷ㻹õġ
Ǭҧгݵ˵㵽Ҫʲôҳȥ
ҡҡͷһȱʲôҪǮǮҪе̣ҪλеλҲˣ㻹ʲôɡʵɣһľͷԽʱٽ͵ٷ֮һڱؽУ㽫ʧȥӾԼжΩᱣ˼һδǧʱ㶼ںʹжȹ
Ǭۿʼ־ˡ
ȻΪһλӦΪκ־塣ǳ쵰ʵ̫ˣ̾ʤʱκһ̷־ټᶨˣҲ޷̷ֿѹ֮±ǡ
ָͷҾ͵Ǭ۱һǧˣھ㻹ʣ궼ͷôٳ٣㽫ھͣʮꡣŶһ˵֣Ⱥĺ½ʷ㹻ӹ񣬲͸ˡ
ס֣Ǭ۶ʱ˪Сݴ¸߰ͷ­㵽ôֱ˵ɣ
Це˵ҲǬ۱µ˼
Ǭ˵ʲôҪҶͬ⣡ɣ
˵ǬԼ˵ģôҾͲˡ׼ȷ˵ںϡ
ƻǬ˵
ԺȻϵӵд󲿷ȨС־ȨȨ;󲿷־Ӷ漣ֱӿơΨˣǲһܹưȫ½ܵеľްԣ
Ǭɫ䣬֪Ὺ򵥣ýǬ۹ⶼϽȡɵ׼Ǭû뵽̰ͼĲʲô괢ļǧԪʯǬ۹
Ǭ߳ŭ죬㲻Ҫ̫ˣǬ۹ȵ۽ѪģΪƾһս̲֮Ǭ𣿡
⻰˵ĲӣҲû̲ǬǬȻǴǬǬȻǬۣȻǹ񣬴ûбֻ̽һָӿѧȨṹںԺҽ漣̻ƼƷעôǬʮڰջǰδеĸԣǿʢʲôأĲЩȨ߲ѡ
룡
㲻ͬҲûϵΪ㻹ʱ䣬ʮ꣬빻úˡ˳һ䣬ڴǬ۹Ѿҡҡ׹иѾֹͣɹߵ˺Х۹ѾΪ漣ѣҲ߻ִǬ۹Ǭ۹ڲأһ㣬ڿʼԵ۹ͳΣʮͼƳ۹Ѿż߲㶼ռ۹û˹
ҵĻ˵ôࡣָ˰ʽͷǬ۴ϣηֱԺǧټ
һȫͷҪǬ۴ϡ
Ǭƺ׾ͷɥ˵ʹͬҪҲͬ⡣
ǵĹȻ㶨ġ
ãͬ⡭


648 ɺ䶯
ǬʱʲôѾ޴ӵ֪ˡ
Կ϶˵Ǭβҧгľ
ǬѾѡˣϾʵ̫̫ݣǬ۲ͬҪԼʹ෽ʽʮꡣ
ʮ갡
Ǭѡܾһвп̷ҲԸڿݼšڰįжȹʮʱ⡣Ҫ˵澫ͷĶʮ꾫ǰǸͷʮѾ̬˼롢޲޴仯
˫ֻǰԻĿ⿴Ǭۣô㣬һڷңһͷͷˣҿɾͱɵˣˡ
Ǭ֪϶к֣ƣ˵㵽ôҪ˷ʱˣȫóɣ
úúãǬۼȻô˵ҲͲˡͳüöҩټһݾԼ⼸ŵҩ˼֪ͶҩǷԺ̾ͻݷ߼ҩʦҲ̽鲻˿⡣ֶҩ˼仯ֻҪΥŵԵͷҿʼж̾ͻͷŲҽɡݾԼΪԷһ
ҩﾫ˫رա
ͲǬ۱ˣ
Ǭ֪һζȥˣκͽ޹ʹʹĽˡö쾫ƵĶ̷ȥǩԼԼһ־ͷųӡԼС
ܺãܺá
Ľǳ⣬Ϊ̲ܲǬ۹붼ѾǬ۸ˣֻҪǬ۸ôǬ۹ԶɭΪУ۽漣Ƕڲ֮ء
콫Ϣ㱨ڴǬ۹ĴС㡣
Сû뵽ô׾͸㶨Ǭۡ
ǬۿǴ½ڵ֮һ漣֮£迴ԶʰǬ۹ں֮ҪѵĶࡣν̻ĳɸ㶨֮£Ǭ۹ôܲʰ
ǬԴЭԺͱͷų
ڿʼǬѾʱָɣ첻׷ֶ׷˼;ʶԼʧܡʱǬۿɭԺúÿ漣ǿƼһ漣ͷ
ǬۼʶЩԺŻʶ漣ǵǿŻ֪Ǭ۹漣ǲж󡣴Ǭ۹ǰ޷սʤ漣ǣھ͸ûϣˣԳ˳ûбѡ
뻹ܻȡԣ١
ֻֿˡ
ʱֹȥʱ䣬Ȼͳγ죬ڴǬ۹ѾòˣóǬۻعλ˵ĴͷϣһʹţŹͬǬ۷شǬ
˫ͬһӴʽ̸ʽ
ڲ￴޷漣ǬĳЭ빲ʶ漣ͬ⽫ǬͻشǬǬ޶⳥õ֮߰Ĵۣ漣Ȼ漣ǣǬ۹ҲȻǴǬ۹ƺԶıʵ
ǹʹˡ
Ͼһ˵ɱɱġ
ڴҵĹע㶼漣½Լ漣¿ƼϣߵֻϢ漣ƿýԴ˱٣˼ûʲô˹ʲô
ַƽ˾˰¡
ͳ컹漣½֣ǬҲΪ漣½ĳͣҶΪѾɸΪˣ漣ǺʹǬ۹״ʲôЭ飬Դǵõвͬ
ƺҲûʲôֵӵİɡ
Ǭ۹ɭôԶм仹ôС͵Ĺң˴Ǭ۹ǲ̫ܵģǮ¡漣ǸȱǮٶһԪʯʵڵ漣˵Ҳֻǽѡ
˭֪ʱ
һȫ½䶯Ϣˡ
졢Ǭۡͷ´Щ˹ͬۼ漣ǣȻͬʱȫ½ͷһıըϢ׼ϳ漣
漣Ϊһ½׸ƹң漣ǽΪȵ׶ֳٸݿ쵼ֻ߽һλλ쵼ͶƱѡ
Ϣһ
½ըˡ
Ǿζ벻Ȼߡ
ʵһͳ˵ٳȫµ۹ѾڸԤ֮УҶԴ׼Ȼ½ֶһƽ˵һô飬漣ǵλӰվѾܣҲ޿ɺǡ
ڲһˡ
Ǭ۹Ҳ漣
Ϣζʲôû˻᲻ס
˵漣ԭӵеγһ۹ôҪټһǬ۹ǾͲһһڶô򵥡Ľǣ漣ǽһִٳư½ĳްԣҲΪԶ½κε۹֮ϵĳ۹
漣˵Ǭ۹ȫ߱۹ǱһͨһƬ԰ټСܲ˳൱۹Դһ
漣ڴ½ܼ
ش½Ƕˡ
Ϊ漣Ұȷʵ𺳵ˡ
ȫ½漣Ǵļ漣ǵĹϵڣ˭֪漣ǺȻôһУÿһеĪѹǸʲô̬漣ǣ⽫ǱʹҲѵؾ
м۹ʹ漣ǵ
Ϊ漣߶ãư磬Ժ۹漣ҰĵĽһӡ
ֵĺܿڴ½Ӳҷͣ޲漣ǻһʰΪǸʱ򣬴½ѾûʲôԺ漣Կˡ
Ȼкܶ۹ӦǸ۹ʾɡ
ر漣ǹϵǳ۹Ȼѽ漣Ҳʵо漣ǵǿ
漣ǺʹǬ۹һϲλ޷ȫ½һ漣ǣҲܹԱƱػᷢչһճ־ãʮϰĳʹս
һ漣ǿս
żͨѶЩͶˡ
½ƱúȻأû˾ʧ룬ΪЩķӦԤ֮Уô飬ЩֺǺǽܣûκηǲ˸еء
輰ʱ½еԼ漣׼ٰһε۹ᣬηὫ½еôҹһ顣֪ȻʰǬҰѴǬ۹ʰ磬Щ˱죬漣Զûа취
λǳҪ
Ӱ쵽δĸ֣


649 ƽ
ε۹۵ǣ½ƽۻᡣ
ⳡ漣ǳٿصѡȻ漣漣޽ѾΪ漣½Ļ鳡
½ܹе۹ʮȫµȺ壬ʹ½Ϸô飬ȻֳĮĵ̬ȡ˳ȥԺ󣬻ʮŸμλ顣
ӹɡ
һʷǰĳᡣ
ÿһ߶Ǵ½۷ڡ
̽漣ĳԼ½δķչƣÿһλﶼɫصڻң漣ǹϵǺûǻûһλԸ⿴漣̲Ǭ۹Ϊ
˼仯죬ڴ½粨δͣЪת˲Ҫʲô漣Щϼһʵе˼·ˡȿ˵Ϊѹ֮һ漣ǹϵһֱãûһͷԳ죬ֻĵĶԳ˵ֻǳ漣漣ơλҲ顣ǣȦصķΧδ̫ˡ
ǰ޵۹Ŀ޴ס漣Ѿڵ۹ƽǬ۹Ҳô̼ռ½ʱ¾۹ҲȲ漣
ۿڣ˼аϾľٶܻƻ½ĹϵҲ漣ڴ½󡣡
˵ǣôʲôһڱֱ̬ŭȻ𣬴ͷųǿϵƣ½ÿһϿɵ۹ƾʷ漣ǾóȻ̲һҿȻң䵽½أΪȫ½ĵˡҲͬ鷢
ûһվ½Ѿγƽľ棬ȶѾǧ꣬Ȼ۹żĦǧûгֹս漣һҪ̲Ǭ۹ⲻƻƽ𣿡
ԣ
ԣ
Բ
ûп˵ҾͶһƬķҲ֮У˲ûΪǱֶеȣֻƽ͵ĵǰѻ˵ꡣ
ҵ̬Ⱥܼ򵥡λȻѾС䣬ʹЩҲκʧ̬ãͰѻſ˵ˣҵᣬΪЭĽôֹǵġ
죬ʲô˼
ûһָ漣ǵǳᶨͬⲻͬ⣬ϾԲᶯҡ漣־ڱУѾǼȶʵ˭Ҳ޷ֹȶʵϵĺƽЭ飬̽½δǧķչ춨ܹͬٺͷչĸ֡
޲
Ѿʼˡ
СֱǲǷ
һѾǧ겻ֹСӸոڴ½û꣬ȻȫǷʵǷǳӵΪ
ȷʵûаǷ˼˵ȥ漣ѾǴκηԵжϵġ漣ӵд½ǿĿƼǬ۹ǿʢĵ۹һںϽ漣̾ͻΪ½ǿ塣Ҳ˵һ˵ĻʱҲһʤǡ
ɫǴ䡣
һʵ̫ˡ
½ս
죬û뵽Ұļңûʲô̸ġ
û׼սɣ
ʮŴѵԸСС漣ԸôҲҪ̫֣
Ȼϯ
侲㣬ѻ˵ꡣʱһûʲôıοڵڤڤڤЩ֮һΪΪĹϵ˭Ҳ֪׻˶ꡣ
ʵֳе棬ڤϣ漣Ǿѡ
ǲԶ˥ϣʵ˽ⲻ˲ô룬ʵҲǻģΪһת飬ийٹܾͲڣӾȵȣҲֹͣҪԷҪֳҪ˯ߡͺһŻֻһⷽʽ֪硣
״̬ʱԽã;ͻ˥ˣ˥а취ҩά֣һ˥ȫת
漣½ĵڤӿ漣½Щ漣½ع﷽ʽ磬ɶ˥ĪĸЧ
鱾һ壬ڤΪ½ƾ֮һв֪Ŷôǿֲĵ̡ڤ뵽½߰սȥΪƸȨƶЩ壬㲻ͻֵ
뿪ԥһ¡
漣̬ȡ
ڤ漣е̺ʷڤѡվ漣һߣôҪƷ漣ûʲôϣ
ϸĻĻǿһ㣬δزʵ漣ǷչֵزѾĴˡ½ֽĴͨ͡Ѷȫ漣һġҲ˵漣ΪУô漣ֻҪжЩǺܿͻᵹ˻صǰ״̬
ʱҪ˵漣ǡ
۹ǿԽ½ͳͳ룬ûһʱ䶼ǲġ漣ǿĴͼرǿռɱԼڲǰȫڴ½ǰơ
½ܹ
Ǿܹ漣
̫ˣ漣ǿƼȴ½̫࣬ÿһܶһȫأ̫ĲȷԡǬ۹漣ʱ漣ֻһһսҪѷɫһĵطʱ˭ֻ뵽ܷǴǬ۹أ
ʷйɡ
ڴ½ڹ϶Ը漣Ȼ漣ʤԣĴʱ˭֪أսһ죬Ҫͣͺˡ
漣ʮʮΧļֲס漣ǽҪ䣬漣Ҳʱ˵˵£˵⣬һζûа취׷Ͼǲ߱׵ĿƼ
һΰ漣ɾ
֧Ϊ½ϵһجΣ
ⳡ飬뿪ȥÿȥ뿪ȥҲÿȥһøĽô½пܾͻӭһǰδеĺƽˡ


650 
̬ȶ֮С
Ҳڤ
֮Ըô޿֣漣ȷʵгưһĵʮŴȻǿ󣬵ȴǼô׵顣
Ϊ̫ǿˣ
ԾϺ
ʮ۹Ҫһ𣬿²Ҫ漣Ƕ֣ڲͻΪֲ߼ëƤʧ˴Լìܡ˵ˣǾҲһȺں֮ڣûмʱ޷ĥϡ
ڿԺúõ̸̸ˣ
漣飬뻹ɡ֪˵˺˵㲻ֻǳʲôԽ漣ƻ漣ĽλܽʵӦÿǵıʡ
ʣǵıʲôأ
ô䣬漣ǣɭˣٵ漣Ǳʼղǵıʾ漣̻ᡣ軺˵ۺΪܣ㣬̷չ̽ԹȻһ̻ᡣôӸԴֻ˶Ұļңưȫ½˵û壬ȸƫȫ½⣬ȫ½漣̻ĲƷ뼼ǵĺġ
սβ漣̻ͬǺ治սںƽȫûзսưɣΪǽڵļҵԷչ۷壬Դӱ漣̻᲻߱ԡֻ·ǲܳΪӮң
˶ü
ֻȻЩ
˵Щ̫ˡ
漣̻ڴ½ո¶ͷǼǴûռһһأһֱԺΪҪֶΣ漣Ȼ˼롣˵ֲ䵽ʱͬˣλѾˣ漣Ѿʼȫ½տƼԽԽԽԽǿ󣬵ۺȲκһλڴ½ȶãǻǿڵλáνвƣһִģսң漣ǱȻ׵ΪڹϷĶǻᰲ𣿡
һ֣˵漣ǿƼվƸߵ㣬ȴûӦЩƼͺñСһ޴⣬ΧһȺǿ׳Ĵ󺺡ڵĲȶԱһǲòȡֶӵڴ½һ廯γɣνһپһϣսԶᱬ
漣Ǽȷʵʵ̫ˡ
漣ǳ׷Ŀôܾˡ˭Ҳ޷úô
Ů̲ס˵׼ô죿Ȼô϶Ѿ뵽취ɣ
ŮҲΪѵĵ֮һ
˵ɷǳЦλ漣½񫣬漣ôȤķ⼸۹ڴ½۹˵ǱȽߡ˸дҲӰǺȻ漣Ǿѡ
һѵľ
һرѵѡ
ⳡ飬ֻ֯ߣϣٳʮλˡ赹ҲȦӣͬʱϣܼʮŹڴ½һάƽ뷱ٷԶðȨᡣ
䣺漣Ըٴ˳ŵԶ£κල۴½ʲô飬κֶΣȥռһһءΥԼ¹֮
ݹԼ൱漣ڴ½棬漣κη紵ݶĻȫ¶Ը漣
һ˵漣չͷѸͣ˭֪δôڻʤ㣬ʮһԺأ
ǽҪһҪˡ뵽ϵ漣̻ӽ쿪һƷǿڴ½ţֱӹ漣ǵĸ߼ӾǶٷ֮ʮۡ漣ǵȫ½һǿ½ʵ
⻹Ƚг
ʵÿﶼף漣̲Ǭ۹ǰɳư֮·漣չƷչȥ㲻̲Ǭ۹ֻҪ齨漣ȷչʮʱ䣬漣ȻԳΪȫ½
Ըıʵ
漣ûгǰô̸أ
漣½ҪǱڿƼ棬ֲƼ࣬漣Ͳ̲Ǭ۹һĽ漣̲Ǭ۹ΪԸ⽫óһۣ͵ô½Ҳ߱½ʵܱһȫƺ״̬
ʹվҲ漣ģǶԴ˺ѷġһ漣ʼЩɶ׳һȫµ漣ҲǲԣҪ漣ǽֿƼ
ԣ軹û˵ֱش𣺡漣ǿԹƼԪ졢װ׻죬죬Щȫţ
һ
˽Ծ
漣̻ԸȫԪ켼һǳҪĿƼ½˶Ԫˣ½ʵͻͽߣҲͲɵ漣ˡ
΢΢üܿȻˣ͹ɣ漣ǻʱ½ҪȫҪꡣ漣̻ἸѾƴ½ҪԴԴʱܴƵ
½ؼô
˲šԴ漣ռ죬Ҫ;ûʮʱǾԲġ漣ǹĿƼЩƼзȴ£궥һԪڣ̫ܴ̫߼ĲƷ
漣ǵĸߵرǴĸȵȣʵɶ򸴺ϼɣвԪԴȵȡЩ۹ܴԵԪں͵㲻ˡ
漣װȲͣ͡
ȴҲЩԿĿܡ
첹һ˵ǿԹԪĻϣ½ԼҲʵ޸ġ漣ԺȻţҲ̲κһء
Լûʲôʵèɾʹˡ
̲̲
Ҳ˵һЩСԸ漣ôͲᴥ½ĺƽԼҲǸ漣δһ·
۹ཻһӡ
Ůۡҹڤϡۡ޴ۣ۹һվʾͬ⡣Ϊ۹漣ǺѾкܳһʱˣֺԼѡ
˶ԣǱǼȵߣ˶ܶȸߣ漣ԸȫƼδ½϶γһȫƽ⡣
漣ѾǴȻûа취ֹ鷢ô˳ӦȻȡ档
۹ͬˡ
˲ͬô
ֳλɵӣ˭ϣһݴ½е۹֮ϵ漣ƺƴ󣬶۹һҲԷͥ⣬ֻͬˡ
˻Ѻüʱϸڡ
մ½Լ
ԼǴ½һɼеǩЭ飬ܹǧϸԼס½Ϊ½δǧ귢չ춨ʯ


651 
Ժ
ⳡջȫ½ս
ʮŵ۹ڴ½һͨΪַʽϹ
ԱһʮŸϯλ
ÿһɳ˳Ա
Ὣά½ƽΪΣ½ֲɵìʱԶ룬Ȩ룬ҽй֤СĳнôὫʸ񷢶ά;ŶԸùַԱҲЭάͲս
Ϊά½ƽʵҪĿȴֱָҪ漣Ϊ漣һ¶ҰԣôὫȫ½Կ漣
漣ǶԴ˷ǵûκη죬;ңսټܣǧţԪʳǮΪһռšŴ;ᣬЩ;ᶼ͵⻹漣½ʥǻƽض͸һ޴󹬵Ϊ칫ص㣬½κͻܼʱӦ
۷չôĵزǹȻΪû㹻ʵͬ裬ջΪһܻ߸ɴһʵķ
֧ԮʮбҪ
ռš;ᡢͨѶ豸칫ص㣬ȫʩ
漣ͬ˹شǬ۹Ѿȫ½˭֪漣Ƿһܹٽ͵½ÿһȥشװáռš
ֲֿ豸˭ʹ˭ӵȫ½һǳֲỹûʽ漣ʹװ漣ǰæԮĿռţѾ൱Ȩˡ
漣̻ԮȻز٣ǹ⿿漣̻֧Ԯ֧ŲһȫᡣʸΪԱҪǴ½۹ÿһԱӱʮģĶţһ֧ģĳž
⣬ÿ۹ÿ궼Ҫɻѣ漣̻Ὣ֧ԮϹֹγɲҵϹԸǰо֧ĳֲ֣ȫɸ۹ƽ̯֧
ص
һ
δΪȷڽڤѡһλ᳤λ߾ޱȲѧǻۺѾɥʧֻܸ趨õľҴһ飬ִὫȷ
δ۹ܻѰ漣̻æΪһרóԣûκθĳ᳤Աᱻ̬ҶԲᣬԶ̬߷ʹҲʤһıš
ϹȳԴ½ӰǷǳ޴ģе۹ֱļžǿԴбƣδΪά½ƽ
Ǳλջ
׼ݱĽС
漣Ѿȥˡ
Ǭ۹ʰо֣Ǭ۹ôʱ䲻Ͻ͵ڴƽ񵽹ٷ֮ʮѾܳΪ漣һԱʵֶٸǻзֵ߳ġ
ЩĹȺΪףЩ岻ͬ漣ͨɿоӺڣγһֱַֿ촦ʽҲǺܼ򵥣ǮǮŻŲ˾ʹ򣬴򲻷ɱ
漣սȫǬ۹Ҳ׷׶׼Ǭ۹κһطַѾţⶼǲù漣۾ġ漣ͿٲӾٶȺ͹ƽ
žʱ䡣
Ǭ۹Ϣġ
漣ʱﲻǲɣϴǬ۹˫ͬʱʣԶ̶̰ʱڴǬ۹ʮݿֱһ漣зǿźŵͨѶźŲ۹̶̼ʱҴûнӴȽƼĴǬ۹ͻȻܵ˿Ƽ뷽㡣
ʼѣδŴ֣ռֿǿϵͳ漣̻ĲƷ׷ӿУ۹֪漣һô顣
ȥ
ɲò
˳ƽǬ۹
ڴͬʱ½Ϊ漣ϷԣͬʱҲΪ׳ƣ漣ǳύ롣
漣Ѿڲ̸׵飬֮Ҫôһ٣ҪΪ漣ıһϷʡݡΪϻǸ۹ϳģϻͨʹȫ½ͨô漣˳Ժٲʲô˸ڱָֻˡ
Ҫ漣һĶ졢漣ҪҪ룬ô·ϻʲôƹأ
˫ȡ衣
ύ룬룬վۣͶƱͨϻ滮漣ЧаɭˡˡˡˡǬ۹ܹÿһ򶼻طͨȨΰȨҪľȨ漣ͳ
漣ǩһԼ
Լ漣ԺչԡǱԼⲻ;ӹȵԼȵȣЩͨȫ繫Ҳȫ֤ͼලִС
ⳡԲʤ
۹漣һ취ûУ漣ĺģǿȽԶԶʤ½κε۹ӴԺ󽫳Ϊ½һĳ
漣˵ܽġ
Ϊ漣̻ڻɭ﷢չܹͼʱ䣬ʵϸ˵漣̻һɭֶûȫ͸漣ǰɭ滹кܶб
һɭֶû㶨һҪѶ֮һһϦɡЩҪģҪһǣ漣Ѿˣǻû˳쵼ˡ
Ϊ漣½κιƶȶһⲻһ۹˵ƺǲʵġΪҪͳݿϵְλԡͳ
ͳѡٲϮֱΪһõĿˣȻ֪ûʲô漣ǻǶ漣һξѡͳĻ


652 ͳѡ
漣һͳѡξҪʼˡ
һͳĺѡɭ˵ˣа漣졢衢ޱޱԴӨӨɭ˹¡»˵ȵȡ
Ǭ۹ΪսܹԼ¼ߣڻûܻþѡͳʸ漣ͳֻܴЩѡоѡʵѡΣѾûκΪ˵춨ģʽǲòָõĹ
Ȼ漣ڲԱΪȻ
漣Χڣ˺ܴԼȻ󲨡
ǴǬ۹һսĳʵڴǬ۹漣Ǳìǰһʼע漣ǣǬ۹һһεĲҰܣ漣ǲһԵĿ־УټĴǬ۹ΪʲôᱻΧһƾðСôǱ
رǵ֪Ǭ۱׽²ϢԺ۹ֱʧȥģǬڴǬ۹ܼģǬ۶ץˣǬ۹ʲô½أ
漣˽ļͨ漣ǸָĲƷЩ漣ǵĲƷ漣һ̵ʶʼ漣Ϊʲôսȡʤˡ
һԵֱǴ½ȫδ
δһʱּ֤Ǭ۹ңǬ۱ץϢǱǬ۹߲Ǻ֪ʲôԭ򣬴ֽסϢ߰۹һʱҥ˵ǬѾϵΪ漣ҹܵ˵Ű˵Ǭһʧ۹ӣҪóǳһ˵Ǭ۹սʽ΢ʮҳĸǬ۹Ͼϵ½۹׼ʹˮ
ҥɣ٣Էֱ棬ֵ֮Ļ̻̣˲ˣҩũҲֳкܶðǨ׼ϵҲһ̱
սʼǬ۹ͳΪʵӵߣɷǳļ򵥣Ǭ۹Ͼ˼ҡ۹ᣬǾͿԳûǬ۹ƿأӶԴͶ漣ǡ
û뵽鷢ˡ
۹Ǭ۹ƣ׼ͶʱʱһϢ˹Ǭ۹Ҫ漣ǺϲӴ˴Ǭ۹Ϊ漣ǹϽµһҡ
仯̫Ҳ̫ˡ
еǳһڣǬ۹Ǭ۲ûвμͳľѡǬǬѡΪͳĻôΪѴǬ۹սɾûкùӳˡ
漣ѡٷΪطѡٺѡ٣طеطͳͳȻطͳֻ൱طԣҪȨȻζŴӽǬ۹ѾһȨˡ
һõ۹˵ز
漣ǵôģ
𾪹𾪣Ľܺã漣Ǭ۹ܹս֣Ȼٳ½һްսսӴԺҲԶΪһɲ֣ٿǬ۹ɫˡ
ͳѡپҪĻ
漣ǰͳѡϸϷŵǲģ漣̻߲ԱḶ́漣Ǻ漣̻и˽⡣
ڿưԴ½ֱԼ۾ϾȻôˡΪ漣̻ĿƼ͵ҲǾǧγɵģڿشˣеһд޵Уܹʱ䡣
갡
ʱʲô
һʿȫڱչɹһǿ߻ǿ겻գһ˲ûʲôʱ촴漣̻޵вʱ䣬ھѾССС̻һȫ½޽еĳͼš
᳤̻ŨȤŶ˽ļǰ㻮һУȫô˼顣û֪ǻ۵ôģ֪Ϊʲôôӣĳľһоա
ʮ֮
ͳѡٿˡ
żһλսǵѡٵص㣬ֻһǶѣȻһʮ˲μѡ١еѡƶصʱǰ˺ĳˡ
ô£ô࣬ôͶƱء
һѮˣҲû뵽ô˲뾺ѡԳѯʱָָ̧ͷտȥʱֻһ˶޽ǵգٶ׳ĳ޽Ϳ漣̻漣ı־㳡
̫ˣ
̫ˣ
޽ôշеģ
ҵһμʶ漣̻Ľÿһ˶ľ״̬ҲԱģϾ漣̻ƷڳѾȫĳԽʵܵ߸һгʶ
лҶ漣׽ѡ֧֡
Ϊ;Ϣ׽漣ѡֱͨѡƱʽСÿһѡ߶ΪѡƱƾ֤ѡϵͳÿһƱ֤ƽΪ漣춨һַٵĻʯ
漣ǾȫĿɿڴԱˡ
ѡƱǿǰǰδе˵
ÿһ˵ľǶһ޶һģһľָʲᳬʮڷ֮һκʽ٣ΩѡƱǲٵġһ漣˴ѡ٣ÿһžѡƱ˭һ⾫ѡƱѡٵĹУ漣̻ỹͨжѡƱǷΪֱ˼ӵģѡƱܵǿȣѡƱһؾ͹ȥ
ζ漣ͳѡʵǿܵϡ
ҲȽ
漣ͳΪʮ꣬ȻͳǿԲεģʮһѡپζλͳΪԼо߸𣬴ѹ֬̿ղߣվͻᱻڸӱȥ
ͬģֻҪƷ¸УôͿԴӻѡοʼһأμӵͳѡδԳΪͳѡˡÿһ˶ߵĿܣǰ㹻㡣
ӵطԱͳһˡ
͸ƶڴ½޽С
ȴͶӴԺԱٲǹײȨĲõĻôʱᱻλõ˸γɾͼලԼϵά漣ȶͬʱҲЩϹϣ
Ǭ۹ж漣ͳϽٻ˲ģƶϵ֮£ɸһϣͻᣬǬȫʮԺԴͳѡ˷ʽ漣ǲμӾѡƾǬǿ˿ƣǬ۱ȻһǿľѡʱǷǬ۹漣ռˣ
쿪ʵпֵܳģ漣˵ҲϷ


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漣ѡƱᷴģͨýȫ½ѡٽȻ֪ⳡѡٴӿʼûʲôǴһִ˲ƣĹעľЩѡԼͳռƱ
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һͳԵơһ˾ռѡƱٷ֮ʮռѡƱİٷ֮ʮٷ֮ʮѡˡ
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ڶݾͻ춨ȻռѡƱٷ֮ʮ壬ռѡƱİٷ֮ʮ˼Ѿﵽٷ֮ʮһҲ˵ѡ˾һҲλЩѾ̭ˡ
漣˽漣漣̻ṹԺȻλȻңƣͬҲкܶࡣ֧Ҫ²Ⱥ壬ΪȺձ漣Ǻ漣̻˽ⲻ࣬˸ᱻ˳ɳ¼ӶԳĸ˳ݡ
֮кӴ֧ߣҪԴڸ߲ȺǶ֪漣Ҳã漣̻Ҳãʵһִλľܸɣÿһ˽˶е壬Ҳӵŷǳ֧ʡ
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ʵ赱ͳǳ쵱ͳһġȫ½ӰԼλзҪԶʤ衣Ϊ輰ʱھܸɣûڳϣֻһһػһΪɹʿ޷һ硣
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ԺͳǷɳΣֻ漣̻߲㣬ǴǬ۹Լζν
Ϊ漣ȻһȣǺȴ漣̻ᣬֻҪ˽漣̻ͳ˭ζν޷ǹһҵϯִйٰˣԶ漣̻
Ȼˣ漣̻ڣ´Ǭ۹Ǭ뾺ѡͳҲûô׵ġǬ۹˿ռ漣֮һڴǬ۹⣬ǬۼҲ֧ߣǬ۹Ҳ൱˵漣̻᲻
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漣̶⹫漣һͳɳ쵣Σͳ赣Ρһʼûıʵڹ޴Ļܡ
ϲͳӨӨϹơޱޱˣȫܳϲΪͳ
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漣ǵĳǱǳ칫ص㣬ڳһѾ漣ưԴ½ôȻӦһʱ°칫ˡ
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Ϊ漣̻޽ͳжأڿΧȷʵ߼ǿռ䲻󰡣漣ء
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ܵһǽŵֻذѸٱ͸һ𺳵Ĺ⾰ǰ㳡ģĴذ嶼һ޴ͼϸȥʱ־ȷ֣ʲôͼȻʵʵڵӰ
½òҰɽ֣͡ɭ֣ȫֳ漣̻ͳʲôˣȻһģĸճǱ
ԴҵľЦŽ˵漣ͳ漣ͿʼｨĸճǱǱĿǰɽȽﵽʮ֮һŷḻϵͳϵͳϵͳͣУҲԽƽ㣬Ӷ뵽硣
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ʱ½½룬в漣ǵļλͳǬҲСǬۿ漣ͳԼΪʲôˡ
ãȻˣǲʧȥС
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ֱѾ׼ã漣ĳԼ漣ͳ˵ݵ½ÿһ䡣
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ͨսͼ漣̻ʱ䣬ýͳȻڿ̫кܶڽĹ̵УʱԿóͳĻֺ
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ƶڴ½޽С
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Ȼ漣ȻĵγɾԲô̶̼¾ȫҺҪŽĥϡ
ͳݽҪͶྫչʱ
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654 ԨΣ
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мǣ¼ͬСɣغ½ʱ̣Ǳ
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ֱӽͨڳǵԣԽ˻쵽ӰͶ䵽ĻϣҿԷǳĿ˻ѾһƬɫʯ磬м¡ĵطڰĻɽڲϽīˮӿЩܵĳǣקλþۺ
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656 Ԩħ
籾İ䣬ڶħűԺ󣬴Եøӹֲˡ񷶥ؿӿĵػҪԴڻ汻ϵעԭٺ찵ɫһִŹ̹Ļ档
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