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Ǻ
ߣСС

ݼ飺
һδα
ٱƼһС
̫ϵĿϵսǧʯ

սͣԵ꣬ﳤǡǺӣ߳磡


1 ַ
ɪӭĴ˿˿⡣
źķţëС꣬һڰյİԲʹϣӱˮʪĸֻȥմд˿ͷӿһƬȻ졣
ģ16꣬6.89%ߵȡ
ɣ16꣬7.77%ȡ

17꣬7.38%ȡ
Ӣ17꣬8.13%ĵȡ

ʮųһг½ȵĽһ̨ԼװߵľԲеУһɫͷ£ڲߵͷϣ˲䷢ŹâǰөĻֳһ֣ɽ̹ٱִʼ¼
٣ַ壬λǼȣ˵һ꣬Цдẕּ̇
أȴʱһƬ΢֮
ģĸַ壿
ԭǴ˵еǸַ尡˵ǰһ⣬Ȳô
ǧȷ̫ϧˣȥʮȾѾߴ9.95%ٽ߽߾룬˵߼ѧԺ׵ĻʹھӢѧԺǿޱǰգǴ⡭Ūˡ

¶
һĿⲻʱڶһϣһͷ̷ͥһ˫Ȼ˫۱ĵǡַ塣
~оâһַؿ΢΢
ȷʵʹ
ʹĲǳ⣬ҵ׶֮ʹġһҹ֮ʲôˣԼӵ֮ӣһ׹ȵףΪ෹Ļ⣬ΪЦСֱԼļǵãʹھӢѧԺԺȲʱ˲Ϣޱı顣
ʲôЦ֣Ǳķŭ񣬷ȥıӰΪԼجΡ

һУѾȥˡ
Щǣһ฾һ˵̣˼ô˵һ׳˶꣬üŭ⡣ܶ䣬ֻѱ
ַ׳˶꣬ʹů
ԼΨһһѣ
ǰɣַ嵭ȻѾںˡ
ü΢С̽ģ
ַ΢ЦȻ档һ˿ַȭͷԼܹٴ̤޾Ŀ⣬Ǿ֤Լ߳Ӱ
ؿڣַ۾ؿһһƽ¶һĨȻЦݡ
һԼȷţǲɢȥ
̫ˣظһȻЦ°ʹ˳٣һ겻񡣡
ôᡣַ嵭ȻһЦоŨŨļ㣬ҵĿδҡҪһΪǿߡһ꾡ҵһٽҲûڶ
ƲƲ죬ӣҶ߻ħˡ
ַĿȻ˫ȭ͹𣺡ֻǲģΪʲôôŬıκ˶̿࣬κ˶࣬Ľȴһ֡
~̾һҪοȴֹ
û˱ַ壬ֻõ˵츳Ŀĳɼȴ֪䱳󸶳˶٣˶ѪͺСʱַСһŬԼĥ壬ʮѡ뽾ѧԺʱַָڵһ
츳Ȼɹ󣬵ŬȴҪ
񶼼ǵãʱͬͯЦַɵڡɵ˭
ֻϧ
ţٿطӦԴɻַ壬ԥĻô壬ôΪսߣ
ַ΢΢һЦҪΪǿߣֻͻٽߣΪսһ·˵ţַ򣬡ˣһȷʵǰǿһˣæǰȥ
ַĿ漴ȲΪеһ˿ġ
£͵߼ѧԺʱ䣬ʱʮȶ޷Ǿһ˿ϣûˡ
Լ
һǰʹھӢѧԺ֮ʱѾϾϣ
17꣬8.85%ȡ̹ٵһı䡣
Χ֮ȵĳɼʵѾ൱8.85%Ѳڵλüȴˡ
~~һַǰȥ
ʱһԼΪ֤ʲô˵һʵԼֻ˵
ȥʵ
£ⲢԼҪʵ
~ŵŹâөĻϵֳ
ַ壬17꣬5.00%ʮȡ̹ٵٱ䣬ȴǴһﳰǲм˵ַʮʮķԽѧԺ˵ĳ衣
ʮȣ
ڽѧԺʮѧѧӶַǿ
~~һƬôЦЦᶼ
Ǹţ
Զԣʮȵţ
˵Ҫٵȥ᲻׳հ~

ЦʲôЦΨѣŭ𣬻ӶɳȭͷҪˣȴַһץס󣬡߰ɣֻʣˣ²¼
Ҳ£ֱۼѣͷͻ
ˡַижץӲǽŭ롣ʣʮս뽾ѧԺʱַǵһȻǵ֮ĵһ
ѽбѽ
˵ͷ˵ʵҲô
Ҫճʮţʱ˻ɱûŶ
~~

ŸֳַӲ뿪ġ
Բ𣬰壬ҳ嶯ˡëëϸϣõָѣԴ˼Ƣ㡣
ʲôַɿס֣ɫҪΪ²¼ſϧҲͬ㻹ϣ߼ѧԺ
̸סЦ8.85%ʱҪ9%ѧԺĻҺ˵ˣȴﵽȣҲֻʸ񱨿߼ѧԺѡ
ܻа취ġַ
ðɣԡԴȻĲ㣬һؼҺͷûа취ǮȥҺĿͶַ壬¶ȻЦݣôҵĺֵվˣʲôֵá
ˣؿڣ漴־
̣~ͶӰʵ壬жʱһɫһԾϣͷַ˻֣ʱȥȥıӰַ岻ɻһЦԼֵܸԴ֣ȻЩ嶯ĵʵܲ
Ŷַ̧ͷա
ëëϸͣո¶ƣХĴ綼ˬ΢磬ࡣ
죬ˡַ΢΢Ц


һƵĸֽˮ࣬ӱæ·ȺɫżЪ
ʮ£͸ˬս101꣬ԪػеǳΪĿƼûκȾ
ַ弲ڿ·УһͷýԱһţһ̤һǳɣᡣһٽǿʲ˻
ĿǷĳĴżַо
ǿִţĽǼʡ
޷ģ
Ҫĸ׺ùϺӣסõ󷿱Ĵż磬һ
ֵԼ
ַͫ룬Сʱ
ֵ˫ֽգ˵ԣҪһһػˡˣС֮ӣȫ˵ĽԼݵˣĳɼ뽾ѧԺʮͻٽߣΪսߡ
ȷԼҲǽ֮ǣܶ¶Ǳ
Լ츳Զ磬ֽǿΪ𣬱㾭ܴı״ȷԼָ֮ߣһ콾ѧԺܱȣȴ޷ѧԺļ¼ΪѧԺ¼ıǵʮ
ԼĴ磬һ覵š
ս
磬һδʬ壬ҶѾȥ
һĳطңң
Һܿͻ

˫ַ۵糸һĺ硣
Ưżˮô

ƽС
ǽкͨһСõҲϲࡣַ岽СԲżְˣȴֹסԴ˼СķǴģΪ˵ϲؼ򵥵֣ƽ
˼ƽԼƽô
ԭʵԸã׬Ǯ඼˻ҺӶʮӵ9.95%ȣƽٽߵԼԼһ츳׵š
壬㲻֪û츳Ѿӵɹʡ
һǼ֣һǱκ˶Ŭ

~~³һַ岻ۡ
ѹΣΣֵӿһǰԼ
ڣԼ߳جΡ
ڴʱ
¡¡¡~ƿʱסСľͷַ۾ÿҲ֪ڴż൱һ֡
ž磬ȴٰͣ㾲ֹ
֪ɺֻǿ⣬źɫỬĴżƫеַͣǰסȥ·ַĿȥһ⣬ޱ顣
~~Բ촰¶Ӱ
еӢż۸񲻷ƵɫԪս£Ůӽ绨Цٻ⣬Ǽˮ˫Ŷ˵۵Ц³òŮȴ˲ַ棬Цɲǣ˲Σ¶һ֮ɫ
ȻȥˡòŮӢӣҧݣ뿪
ô˲˼ôӢһЦһץòŮӵǿн§ڻ
ǡòŮӻɫ䣬Һûʲôġ

һ֣׶Ӳַѡ
İĳƺֱӵĻش
Լ÷ͬһСϵ޼䣬˴δϵȴ㺡ϧһǰʲôˣ˶Լȥаٻ
ôӢЦһȴǿҲûٻһۣĿֱַ壬׵ιʮţڹһ꣬ڿϳˣ
Ϣͦͨġַ嵭ȻһЦ
ʷڽѧԺɼԼȵȺȺһֱԼΪ֡ԼʮšĳƺŲųһСٻ̼Լ
ʷЦ§סٻǽһ֣ʮŵҾ벻֪ҲѰ˵ǰɣСٻ
ٻҧӣɫ΢ףȴֲҲӦһ
㿴ľ˶Цأַ壿ʷװȵı飬漴ƳҪͲˣŪҸضȥ
ַĿԣƳʹѿȴҿٻв̾һ
οأ
ٻѡ뿪ʵԼʵĸ飬Լͬеϧܶණʧȥ˲һźϧѡԻʷʷоֹ֪䲢Ĵֻǽһߡ
~~ַҡҡͷתȥ˲ʱõٻɫǲ԰ѿ
ʷ˶ַ˵ȤûС
ʷӢЩַıӰеĳ޺ΡǰһսĿ֮±ַǿ̹ĵӡС
ַ壡ΪҲҪŮˣҪĪ
һʷ漴ɫ¡죬˲ȥһҰѿٻ촽ҧѪ


2 
ٻţ̲ݳ񣬴ɼѲߡ
ªƽƽСסլǾ䰲ȫѾ൱
~~ָƣšžડһ
硣ַŽ룬ӭһοɰӰ
۾СɵıӣӣĿһԶ׼ĹģԼá
ˣַЦŹ˹õıӣ¡
ֲСӡ
ַȻЦЬӱǽӲһʮƽһţԼװһһյңǱ׼á
㰡~ַ۾һ
ѽѽرáϲʤͫҶþûԵڵķˣÿ춼ѹԴʳһζûС˵ţС죬ģǿɰ
ַȻʧЦֻҪṩ㹻Ŀ·Ӫһô˵ˡ߲˿ɲˡַĿͶȴůůģԼ֪Ϊرá
һĲó~һģİɸ磬µǮв١δ˵꣬·뵽ʲôǽŵסС죬ܾСӰ͵ַ塣
һ˼ַǳȻһЦû¡
֮ǰԼƽ˴߳еجоһжˣֻ˵
ԼѾʵ
㣿˷Ŵ۾Ŀ
Բַ§ãСԴһǵˡŻнСַв̾һ䲻󣬵С֪ȴ١
ȷԼĲְ
ججһ꣬ԼƵ纣Хǲʱ壬ӲҪ˶ϵĹ·СʵοأХŭܻȥԼȫĵȴһ𺽡
硣̵
ţַӦ
ԺҲٻˡᣬȴܿ϶
ַ΢ȣôˣ㲻ϲô
Ҹ粻á˵жҸ粻õģҶϲ
ַһͺۿ΢΢ʪʮָжöԼĸ飬ͺԼԴĸһŨͳݡȻûκѪԵϵʤá
ɵѾͷַૡ

磬Ϊʲô߲ô󰡣
ûط£ôסô߲ˣ
ŶĵĴǲرѽ
Ȼĵ򴦴ǱԪؾ壬ҩݣʯЩԪ϶

һһַĽõʡ
ʮöкǿ֪ٹ£ýҪμӻԣǷӵС򡯣Ȼɳ5%ջΪսߡıҪ
磬ʵȵʲôӣ
ַЦָָԴһļʱӳԶֻ3%-5%Ǽ˷ѣ˵ĴǱھԱĸǿ׳
ҿһ飬ŵʱһЩش׵Ŀѧңţأ˹̹ȣǵȾԶֹ5%һЩ¼˶Աȭȣǵͬӽ10%ٽߡ
˵ʱڣǸʱʦ佫Ȳ10%ﵽ20%30%
ǺأʱȤ
ַ˸˸ģ࿪ʼӴԣ뾡һа취ھǱȴʼҲһȷķȣֱһ죬ͻȻ֣ĴںͰ
ΪԴͨأڹľǿ
ڵʱܳԴͨζ֮һҲ˵ġǡÿ忪һǣȱܼζȫǣ࿪ȵļ޽30%
ǿȶõ˼Ǳ󿪣ӵļʽ͡
˸Ĵ۾ַ岻΢ȻһЦ
ǵԼҲôʹ磬ʷһֱӣΪ˵ʷһ飬ŷһУ֮ܿǱܽͣΪʷĴڡ
ʲôôģԼַ̧ͷһʫ续ӣĸ׵֡续һ·Ǵӻ߳绪²δĸ׵κκۼǶһֳ֪
ĸ׵ӣַӿ޾оͺһδĸס
衣ַ忪˿ڣ˻ƣȴſ϶һˡ
εȻЦ续ַ壬ͺá

򵥵ķˣȴΪĵı仯ζļȡ
һڣĸ׺þΥЦݣַгů⡣ԼļңԼֵȥػˣ粻ڣԼǼΨһˣҡ
ԼʹԼΪһ˵Σ
裬Ҵ뽾ݡַĸףڵ
续ƺô⣺Ϊ
ַ֪ĸףͷŬ׬ǮΪңϧҹ˴ܳԿ࣬㹻ǮҺŶʮǰٽߣΪսߡ
续΢΢һЦȷһ򣿡
ַüҺʹ綼Ӧáüһֲȷַԥˣȷĸ
ȷ򡣡续˵
ַ΢ȣԼ֪òδԣĸַٿ¶һĨЦݣȻĸô˵Ǿǰٷְٿ϶ˡСĸ׷·ʲô֪ʲô
Ҫ֪ĸʲٷ֮һ
ȴܳΪһӣò˵Ǹ֮ܵĺϢ
ľҪͷ续ٿʵһ˫ǻ۵·ܿ͸һС
ǵģ衣ַնĿ⾼
Լ̤һбѾ˴𰸡
ѣΪսߺ͹ȫͬ·սڵװž޴𡣶ң·սߣҪʮٱ
Ŀԣַĸףûа㶯ҡ
Լûд츳ԼܵĴۣԼ¸Ҷᶨȥ
ܺá续΢΢һЦһֿ϶⣬ٿȻжһĺɫᣬַĿһֽۣӹĸ׵ᣬɻ裬ǣ
ķֻ˵ľ续һֱ롣
ţַе˼顣
ľ
ôйľ
סǵƲѣĪҪ¶续ɫ
ַԶʱ֮һ
仰̲Ŵݡ
ľԹ˵൱ҪԪ֮Ķڻսһͨľǿϣǿս˵ս벻ľ
ƷףľΪһƽһƷһƷؽԼ˵еס
ҪǣƽϵĹľ˽ԴڷΥ߽ܹͨҪΪߣȱݻţܻôںõĹľ
ȻԼⱾľͨ
İɡ续·𿴳ַ뷨ֻҪ㲻֣û˻֪ʲôľ
޶ԡַЩȻӦٿػȻ
ȷֻԼ˵˭֪
Ϊ˼ԼɵӣΪһܰ㡣续ȥɣú
Ŀԣܰĸ飬һоڲ֮С
л㣬衣ַͷбůԼ֮Ҫ뽾ݣܴһԭΪľⱾľδ·ʱ࣬ѡҲĸࡣ
ݣճǣݡСšĴڡ
һΪߣַȭͷ
ʮԼҪң

ַң续΢΢˸
ɵӣ츳ȷ޾ףʵ㲻ѷɫ
սԸף̫ۣԸͲΣ۲ӣ۶˵Ǿѵĥ£ʾǦձضո¶â
ߣߵ·


3 ֮
ȷָƣַҡ
ʮƽ׵Ŀռһţһ̨׼СĻӪգ䱸һ򵥵ʶͷһ˿΢âַӿֹȥ֣Լкܴһʱ䶼ȹ
ջȣʶĥ
ԼʵһֱȲͬĽ۹УʮԼȾѾߴ9.95%ܱȲϴ磬ڽճǶǷëǣ߼ѧԺ׵ġʹھӢѧԺǰԼ
ԭһж˳˳ˮԼʹھӢѧԺΪսߣŬ׷ĽŲ
Ϊһ⣬һжıˡ
ַͫŻӪգסȭ
һ죬ƽյûκεĲͬڻӪڣջʶÿռĥʱٿȻһޱȿµľʹϮ
ַ尴סؿڣɫЩѿ
뵽յ׶ľʹ£ëȻ
δʹԴ·ҪըƵģеʹɲǼѣȫо壬ͺ
ʹ˹ȥ
ٴѹѾ֮
£ַһֱĵδκ𣬰ĸ׺ãΪǵġΪֻһżȻ¼֮ڽʹھӢѧԺȸУجΡˡ
7.50%
ȵȣ
һ̣˶ˣԼЦԵĻʹھӢѧԺԺȲϵ֣Ժ˲ʱޱ䣬ȣʲôЦ
Ǳķŭһݺݵѣʹ
Ⱥһȣֹǵ֮
ⲢǽֻجεĿʼ
һ㿪ʼ˻ôϲ˻ٶȣָоͺʧıƽȴ޷ֹ˫Уڴʱ˴ʧٵجģȫ

~~ַ³һյȭɿľǺˮ
һ׵جΣһһ㣬ͻزˡ
ΪʲôҵȻᵹˣַԼ˫֣˼⣬һ޴ѣ鼮ȴҲһ𰸡
žַ˫ֹâ
ưɫ͸ȴַ·ɫ󣬳о

𣿡ַҡҡͷֱӷԭϵġȷʵѴҲδ˻ߣԼԼ˽⣬ʲôëûɸо
ⷢʱľʹ⣬κ֢״
ҵָƺ˲١
ַ˼
ǰָΪսʿͨ󣬱Ӧһָȴ˳սʿáҲκԭĪ˻һ
ˡַȻһЦ
ȥľȥѾǸı䲻˵ʵ
ʵҸҡַ⣬ȵ˻ͻٽߣΪսߺ󣬵ںԪ֮ģǲŽĩ·ڣһܻͷһ·Ϊһߡ
ַЦЦ
һա
һŵͬʱضһȴ
ߵӪպ󷽣ַ尴ɫťʱһڷŵܷⲣƿЩǴԼ׼ĻҺ۸񲻷ƣֻϧһԼ˷˲١
67812ƿַܿϣѧԺ͵ģӦùðꡣ
ѧԺÿ¶һƿҺͣԼ飬ÿƿҺӦòˡ
Ȼ֪ΪȻǰ׼ðһѵ֮·統һ£֮ԼоŸµʱȥ׼ʱʵܽȡ
һ±ҵԻƿҺַŻҺ
ѧԺƿҺԼԼ޷߼ѧԺȴϣ츳ʵ൱ֻϧҾһ㣬С㹻ĻҺգ˵ٽߣʵʷ
ΪֵܣܰȻҪ
Һַٿء
ţַ΢΢һ
Ŀ֮ԭȰڷŻҺǸ䣬󾹳һСɫ봢̨ڲɫϸֱ治ַƿһƿҺʱǰһ
һɫĽУ
ǣַԴɻĳУϵ˵ࡣ
أȴֺᡣ
صǺӣǺĶ
žַ򿪺ɫУʱһ貵ɫâҡһǷ·龧ƬɵġġӨ͸Ӹɫâߴڡ
ַˡ
Ųɫ;ʯȫϢ
Ԫ֮ģ
һԪ֮ģսջûһԴȪǡԪ֮ġ˵ǻսߵĵ
Ԫ֮İƷ׷ΪEDCBAд˵гԽASÿϸ־ŵȣEΪE9ΪE1
E9Ԫ֮ģ۸Ҳǲơ
Ȼܽ߼ѧԺֻ߼Ϊĳ̵ıڣѵõE9Ԫ֮֮һջʹھӢѧԺǰַ壬һַܹѡκһD1Ԫ֮ġ
DԪ֮ļ۸൱ףCǿֲ
ַǰɫ;ʯȴǡ
A
AԪ֮ģ֮ġ
ƷA8֮ϡнж൱ϵеǿϵ۷ǿ确֮ġǿ确֮ġȴ൱ȫ棬ѧѼĵǿܡ
˵š֮ġһؽһ
ַ˵š֮ġȴȫͬ塭
壬ϲĿԪ֮ģ
֮ģ
۹⣬̤ʵдŲƽϰԸ񣡡
ֻѣ磬֮мУ𡣡
ң壬סΪһ˱޾κѡ֮ʲôͻٽߵһ죬㣡

ǺˬȻԺȴ˷ǡ
ַ˵սӰ̹ĵģֱȻμŴ׻׻̵һѹʹַ࣬廹ǿͦ˹
磬㻹ǵáַɫӣš
û뵽ʱԼԣȴһֱУȻɫһǰǴˣֻǡһجججεԼû
֮ģܹء
صģȴǴ⡣
лл㣬硣ַۣгů͸м
Ȼ֮ԼҲòȴԼյõ

ܿ죬ַƽľ
֮ķǳǿ󣬵ڵԼ޷ṩκʵԵİ
ԼǰֻʣΨһһ·
ৣ~ĺɫᣬַ֮ȴִһֺ档
һڶߺȻ쳹޴ͷһ˫͸ž貹âõַΪ֮һ
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Ȼ㡣ַ巭һҳе־ϲ
һľֻһ㣬㶼Ȿ澭ȻԼڻƽ׾ƷϣǿɱȽݵĸöˣݣڵҲֻһľѡ
ãַսȭࡣ
ڹĳڣбõľ°빦
ڡ澭費ԼԭûҪɳʵסҪܰԼΪߣ忪֮һȿٽߣ10%ӡ
10%һķֽߣֱΪٽ㡣
һٽ൱ʱ䣬޷ͻƣֱֹĴںͰ񾡹ܿƼʮַȳ10%Ϊ߻ǻսߵɲǺܸߡ
ǰ;һƬ
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ηſһУľ˲ַ붨ҳϿ̻֮ˣַĸоһޡܿ죬ַоԼı仯ڣ·Ϊصһ֡
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ǿŵĴڣ˿ַȴĸоͻȫͬͺһŰֽɾԼΧԽԽ࣬ԽԽŨ
⣡ַ屶𾪣֮仯ѱƽ˶ʱ붨״̬ѳ
أأַоԼٶ֮죬ļࡣûпղŵĵȷȷɣֻ֪ܸ֮࣡Ӧ˿˿Ƶ츳ѵĹ߶ҲֻǸӦΰӦġ
˵Σݶ̫Զ
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ӦԽ࣬վԽࡣ
ȻԽ졣



4 
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Сʱʮӡ续̣ʫ续ӸֳЦݣԤƵĻҪʮӣҼҺʱɾ澭һ㣬ΪһţһʱɹΪš
ʣȼܣѷɫ
续ĸ׵ĴȰŬǲ׷ѵģӣѾܣ˵ĸԴ֮һȻĴڲǿѣеսڹ·ϻߵĸ죬Զ
һǣ÷˱㡣续鱾΢΢Ц

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ʲôĸӦȴĿ˿̵ַһͷѵľ̰Ũ˷ۣԼٶӿַ֮С
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ԭԼָͬϵȣ񡭡ȴǡ⡯Ĵڡ


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壬㲻֪û츳ѾӵɹʡһǼ֣һǱκ˶ŬսĻӡַУַҲһֱôţ´͹ȵʱڣ
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꣡͵Ļӳһȭַ⡣
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Ȼֻһȭȭ٣оԼȭַھϲ֮ɫֱǿˣû뵽Ӧƿָ
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ַԼ壬ȼﵽ10%ָӦǿޡȵ˻δָһ˻ûɻӣΨһĽͱǡ

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ԼԣСԲĴǸգҡ¡
ΪѾ˻һΡ

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ⲻǸʮô
꣬һ㣬ҪǱ˿ɲá
̫ϧˣ˵ǽ֮أƫƫһʹû𣬾ôˡ

̤ѧԺʯ·ַһĽѧ¥մݣдһ˿ΧĿַۣȫţȥһ꣬ѿ˷Լħ
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תͷȥԼĺֵܰԶ·Х磬۶
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ܰʱһˣҼͷӿС֣ĥû˵ſϳǮôһСƿҺ㵹˵˵ôСĸףҶǲˡ
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εݳ޵֣ӼԼûף֪ʲô֪ģǷ񻹻šԼҲʹĸ׺ʹ磬ûеõһ𰸡
žǿĭɣٿؼַıס졣
Ϊַõѣַ֪һЩܡ
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ڵ18ֻ5.00%ûǰ롣
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ŵ㣬ǰ;һЩȫϸһЩǼŻǼһǰǱҪͻٽߣΪߡ
־򣡡һʱֵһðСӣһ̽ĵ򣡡
㲻ҪôַȻЦ
ͷһ̣ʲô



5 ҿǷ
ȷָƣַλʮĽҡ
ӴĿռ䣬ŽذĹ޴ĵزѧԺ羰һ̨̨Ӫڷţ䱸ųԺʶͷѧԱʮСʱѧϰ˿̶̨Ӫսպš
32
ַ建ߵԼĻӪգȼеСһţḧĽ棬İϤʮܽĿγ̣ջҺͬʱѧϰ
ȻѧԺҲеʦγ̲ࡣ
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ϣʲôǵʮŴˣЦֻɫԪսµʷ׶룬§һµʹԴٻ࣬òɡ
ʱЦڣѧԱĿǾۼ
Ǻ֪5%ַ壬ʵʣ٣ֻ˵ַǷ紫Ҳ޷һˡ
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Ϊַûа㷴Ӧ
ְѸղŵĻ˵һ飡ǱƢ͵Ŀһ类ŭĹţ
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Цһ֪ôѧԱ˪ԵϷ
һȲֹȶˡ

ʦԲս˭ҲΡ
ѧԱì˪ܣѪպֻҪ߷Χ¾С˪ȡ䣬ָ򿪣ʱʮƿڷŵĻҺӨѧԱ˫Ŀ⣬ַһ
ȷ˲ѿ
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ƿ˪ĿѧԱ׷ͶĽ۹⡣Һû˻Ӷַ࣬˵¸оȻͬҲѧԱһÿ¶һ죬ڡ
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飡ķΧ˲ʱƣַתͷȥʷĿԣǻһĨЦ⣬µҾѧԺûҪ˷κԴһʮȵķϣַҺ˷ѣòˣ
˵ԲԣʷһԴǣĶѧԱ
û˵ĶԣͣǵѧԱ۷׷ףƺҲм΢ʣԭĽҶʱӣʱ˪ȴ˶Ѹٰ
ҿǷ˪Ŀ⣬˲ʱõʷǺӣľȴվҲǣҲǡַЦЦСʷȴǴ̶ģʵʱŤ֡

ĳǣһҪڿ£ʱǲǻô߰ʷŭҧгݡ
ǣקĸƵģ˫ʮ糤ôʲô˲𣡡࡮һġ
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ͷߣٻˣﾫЦ
ܰڨڨЦСȴǲͣת
ʷüһưмһĿ⣬û־ŮʲôǮûŮˣҪٻǰɣԣɵַ壬ʹ죡
ﾫ߶ʱĿ¶⣬ĳȡ
ϴ˵ģߺٱ伱٣Ӷ
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ʦǸ߼սʿѧԺʷмҵô
Լأ
ѧԺԼСѧԱݱӻºԼҪ뿪ѧԺʱޱɡȴ5%10%ٽߣһͣǴʱʱ䡣
ߵٶֻ
Ҫţü֮
Ӧü뽾ַ˼š
ѧԺҵĺܶѧԱѡΪϾȫиڼſڡ
˵ʷСȷʵáŬŬ죬Ժ֣椴Ϸƾҵ״ﵽȣʱܿܽ߼ѧԺûȥΪսҲǰ϶£ںһDԪ֮ģʵ˦Ҽ֡
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Ľйй죬츳ŬʤʷƫƫʵȴȲʷ
ǵһǰҺ˵ʲô𣬰ַ΢ЦȡƿҺ˹ȥҵ£ԼŬɱʷǿٱ
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šֱַӴĻƿҺһףŵæҽסֿѣַҺڷҲֻǰ裬ﾡãյʱٻҲ١
ƿҺǺӣַж˵
ˣ˱衣ַعͷĿƳԶĽңۿʪЦ߰ɣȥ˽ս㳡
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˵ıӰѧԺʧ
ڽҵزĺ󷽣¶˫ݶͫ



6 ƽ
ַڽս㳡
ǽҵشս佻ġС̣󵽻ӪգԪս£սԪ֮ģﶼõȻƷճȻҪ࣬ͨߺͻս˵ȴ㹻
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תͷһģַȻʧЦôǮô
ͷҡĸ˹İ㣬ҪǮҺˡ
ǲˡַЦЦ
Լֵʱ׷룬Ҫ֪Ԫս£ҲȻҺҪ
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澭һԼǷǳʩչ׾٣
ĸǵƲѣĪҪ¶
ԼȻϹ·綼ҪսҪΨһķǡһֹľõóֵĹľӲȫսܹʩչ
սϾǿԷֿġ

ﲻȺɫɫ̽־ưɣģ̸ЦŮŮƬս㳡ַΧܿƼôѺԶǴڡ
ַɨһ¶С̯λ۵ĶҲһƷʸԱ֤ȴһôǾǱˡ̳Ҫңڵַ˵ʡһһ㡣
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Ҳǡ૵ͷٿ˼ϸ壬ĿɱǿˣҪ汻˶϶֪Сʱ׽Ū㣬ûһγɹ
ǰַӦ˫ͫҺƳһۣ漴΢Ц߰ɣҼǵǰľġ
԰գһǰȥ
̤ȥ󲻾ãһźɫµҲ෽ܼȺ߳â׳Ĺɢɫ
ʯԪ17꣬9.80%һȡ


飡أžһƬӡ
ŭ޺۳һţ쳹ڽս㳡һǡ
ַѡŹľתͷȥĿʱһ׳󺺣첲ȰϸֱᣬŻɫģϷɼһӥͷ־̯λ׳֣Χһһߡ
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ֻҪ㱣ѣ˵ˣиͯǶմ󡣡̯̾ǰþһиС˹Źء
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δһ滮
ã߾һ·ʵ

粨ܿȥڳϵǰͺӥ׳󺺾ѾˡһһȻƲᣬδΣϾͺӥﲻɵ˶ǰôûУƶѡ
˴İøл顣ҡͷ
Ϊ棬òͷַ
ʵǲпᰡ̾֡
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Ǿֿɣַᣬ΢ЦлˡһľһһŰǮˣַҲδ飬ɵˡ
һľ
ƷҪһȣ۸ȴľҪһЩ
ϡΪ󣬿ҶԹ˵ľҪ
170ͭң2ңʲôȷ۸һƿҺ֮һַ֪ЩǮһˡԭԼֻһľִֵĺܣӲǼסֻҪĸࡣ
ˣֵܣĿȻִأС
԰հ־ͶӰʵ壬ԾϺɫȥַȥıӰȽһĨů⣬Դǣȴһֵýĵĺֵܡ
ͬԼһ㹻ĻҺȫȣл߼ѧԺ
δǰƽ
Щ£ԼС
ৣַ˫ͫһâͷҲأȻڣɡ
Ȼ£ַ屳Ӱ첽һɫӰһصĺɫ£Ǳ˪һͲΣ׳ĵɢɫƬڰǹ졣
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~~Ż룬ԲϽ𱬷貰׹⣬ۣγһʮ׳ս
⵶
źַ꣬Ŀ⾼Ȼû뵽㡣
ʯԪѧԺԼѧԺһλţǰֻ̤ʹھӢѧԺŹ˶ãںԪ֮ģΪĻսߡ
ңʯԪҧ¶һ˲䱩ȣ͵ĳť
̣ţЯ500صѹֱȡַ塣



7 ȥ
Զһƽ¥¥
٣ʯԪҲַ䵥ʱ֡ſ¥ϣдЦš
⻹в͵Ϯˡﾫ˫ֽǰ֮Աǡ
Ц˼ҿѧԺһǿߣԵǿ߷緶˵ˣɱһַ壬ǻֵ
һǿôƨﾫĿ¶мЦҪԹǻ
ߴƣĿ¶֮⣺һɵַ壬ٺ٣ٻֵܵˡʳָ󶯣Сƽһ崿ģڴϿ˵ĺأ
ﾫҡͷЦôĻ͵ˡ
ߺٺֱЦ˲ʱСС۾һȵˣ

⵶Ե
ѧԺһţڵѧԺһǿߣ
ʯԪΪǿ500صĵѹŹӰأʱ¶ʺӣֱϮ9.80%ʯԪʵʵѴﵽ׵Ĺ磬ЦѧԺ

һĶ֣ȴǰ͵׵ַ塣
D8ѧչ⵶20%ַ͵ĿһʯԪݣһĻӳֱ࣬ӣɡ⵶Ϸ䣬һֱߣ·ܽƬռгֱΡ
ʱ䣬ʯԪӰΪ֮ɢܵȰɫѷɫʯԪȴڶ˲ʱ·硣
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⼸ǿĹ֮һռݹԣûռˣַѹƣ
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ôܣ
㵵ģʯԪ
ԶݶԭеˣͬĿɿڴ
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ַôʩչѧﾫɫɷףľ


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ȷַûϣҲδϹ
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չ⵶50%ַ徫˸
Уһ޴ġXȻ֣õʯԪɫɷޱȡ
E3ѧݺ100%ʯԪҧȣâӿʱǰ·γһͭǽڣӹأֻһɲ֮䣬˫ʵԱȲ˵һɲǡ
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ĸģʬ巢ëߣҪȥĳأ
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СүһܼҴ߸׵
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Ȼүүıҵ˺ӣϣүԴΪأĪүʧַϵϸūѾˣԸؼһʱֻº뿪ѧԺʱҪɱҪлүһ仰£
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121ַ彫һƿҺ̻Ҽչءַ17ſʼ޹ߵѾȱ˺ܶ࣬Ҫ׷Щʱ䣬Ҫȱ˸Ŭʮٱ
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5.3%5.4%ֻߡһ㣿
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5.01%
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Լʵսַ廹ʮֵš
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รöˡַʱǰһȥɽ˺顣ÿʱǿѧԱҵֵԼ²ֵĵɱһһ̨
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ճǻѧԺַĿɨҲ̨䵽̨ǻʹھӢѧԺĵʦ˫ֻأư֮ɫıճǻѧԺĵʦγԱȡ
ճ߼ѧԺ׵ĵȷǻʹھӢѧԺʵϽճǻѧԺֱ׷˴˲ԽԽС
߼ѧԺ൱ңȻ˲ŵᡣ
壡ϲöַ岻ɿЦ
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ͳڱϣֹܲˣɵǰɡַ嵭Ц
˺߱ӣҲԽУȳѧԺߣһӾ
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أַ΢Цͻ9%ô
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ҵȶҲ͸ȣ˼ĿҡȻ磬ͷӳң˹֪֮͹һҡβ˼ôȱҵһҾȥսѧԺ
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ģַȻЦ
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ʯԺַ֮һݣɫü͸һֳ羴ء
ԺʯʨǽĴͽѧԱƽ࣬ǿߡ
ĳֶٳĿ㣬ԭӵĲİ䶼ʹھӢѧԺưĵʦ˿ȻʯԺ˪â߸ʦʮ̹ٽ棬ɳ
ʯԺʹھӢѧԺճǻѧԺĵʦ
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9 ҵ
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7.51%ȣʦۣB9
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ܴӰ죬ʷַҲϲȻʱ仯ܶ鶼Ĳһ߹㼣˶Ĩģʽɱһʱȡ侫ɡ
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Ⱒʱȷʵڲԣ˲֪ÿ޻Ц
ʦۺҪһȫλ޹أ˵ǵʦԸѧԱѧԺеۡۺûֱӹھϵеǨЩ̫ѧԱʵ㹻ϵҲա
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վ9.25%ȣʦۣB5̹ٵȻ˷Į˷ů⣬ѧԺ˵ֻȶϵѧԱҵֻѧԺʱ䵽ˡ
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ȻϵվȻ˴˲ཻ̫Ůƽܿ̿࣬˵ĮЩСߣ˵ĸʵܲһʦߴB5۱֪
վΪֹɱҵ˵ѧԱУߵĵʦۡ
ǵһȳ9%ﵽ۵ѧԱ

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߼ѧԺϾޣҪȷʵס
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ʯԪ9.88%
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Ӧúַܲǰ˿ʯԪԵөĻϣӦûֳ߼ѧԺġ⡯˵Ǹһã㣬ʯԪͻѡһѧԺ
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˵һΣпڶҲһ䣬ʯԪûãһһšȴﵽ9.51%ġѧԺڶλʯԪ
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ʷ9.39%ȡ̹ٵ
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ʦۣD9̹ٵɫԴһԥʵ
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ʹھӢѧԺĵʦѧԱʷԼһſף˲ʱͨ죬D9ĵʦѧԺǵ׵ģ֮ʦʷۣѾĲٲ
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ңʷʵҲδﵽʹھӢѧԺ׼
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ҵȻţԻʹھӢѧԺճǻѧԺʦ˵ʵѾһѧԱĴѿʯԪʷվ⣬ûʲôӣǰʯԺӣȥ
9.03%ȣʦۣB8̹ٵ˷ȭڼ
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һ32ַ塣ʱ̹ٵȻԭɼѧԱǶʱͣһ˫˫Ŀʱۼʷ˫һﲻмߡ
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˵ַĹעȱʯԪҪߣ
ޣʮţ
5%ȣ趼~~
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ЦŸֳͼЦ
ˣ̤ǲһԽС
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˵ֻ̫࣬Ҫܳ5%֤֮·ܼȥַѾˡ
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ǰַ壬һʷǰġ¼ʮֶ֮ߡ
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ž˱ЦεĿ£өĻϵֶ
9.90%



10 ˭ǵһ
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ѧԱԭأſû£ҲһЩ۾ŵөĻʷһֻͷ㣬ͫ׷Ŵ󣬱ǵʦ˪¶˾֮ɫԵĽ̹ٸȫˡ
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ѾҪַҲֻܿͨȻʹھӢѧԺ
9.90%
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ڴ鼯ˣȻǰμӿ˵Ļսߡ
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ڵһʱգʵȽӽ100%ʵеĻ綼Уܶʵ޷ʵֵģﶼ㣬ŮٶҵȤ
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ĿܣĳѧԱЩţ80%̭ʣϾǿЦġ
οʵǱ߼ѧԺġ
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ƫƫȴҵ
ৣĿ⼸˲佻Ľ
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һʷ͵תͷַܿ壬ȴɱŨٵһַ壬Ҫ֮أ



14 Ϸ
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ʷ⣡
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ս״ϣδ԰ͻ򣬷ǽӳĸǰ͹¡
ҽһ£ʣսѧԺѧ֡Ůϴ޵Цݡ
עˣ˹ֻ˵һ顣ʷŻ࣬ᣬԽκһ̨еþ豸ʶͷԻԶɨݣٷְģĽ롮ս硯
ս磿
ַ΢΢һȴǴδ
ΧѧԱ¶֮ɫϸš
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595857
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սʲôҲûòϷɣҲ̫Ϸˣ

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ʵʦĻȻ̣Ȼ䶼⣬˹ݾڣвصһ±ǡǵĿˣ͹ѧͬʱС
뵽֮ǰԼַ˫ͫâ΢˸
߰ɣ壬㿴˶ȥˡµһȲӡ
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ССөĻѶϢݣάѩۼԿ塣һ̨̨ܵµĻеԣʮԱѸٲٿţ˷
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һɵģϸ֣ǳɨѧԱѶϢ
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ٸߣžףʵսΪ㣬սΪ㣬ԶûУҪãսѧԺҪĲǽгĻ䣻ƾ紵򣬶ϢҰݣ
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ˣɵСѾͷɡҡҡͷֻǺ棬Ӧò̫֣Ǿ͵˸NPCΪսʿǰգҪμӿҲΥ棬С¡ͲþԺ˼ҡ
˵ţҲε̾˿Ůһֳ谮
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15 ̫ԸδǺ
ӭս磬320ַѧԱ
ᶯŮڶߣַȭĲ鿴Լ塣оһģһʹٷְģԼľE9⵶롯սڡ
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һ޴ս䳡ϸǶģƣȴʮڽǶİٶѧԱʮ׸ߵĽǽϣϷγһ޴ԲΣÿѧԱĶܡ
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ݱŹѧԱˡ
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ӿĿһֽǵĿΰ꣬ĵ˵ͷݵסХȭȫաֻǿΰ걩ţһͷͻɽȭ磬ʮΧȴη
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꣡һ䣬ʷЦܣۡ
ԪսµĻɫâż⵶ַ飬ɫ󺧡ǰһɫҧֻܱܿҪ˲ʱһƬѪֱӱ⽣顣
ѪĽʹģŴ󿪣
ȥɣʷЦұۻӶ⽣Ũâٴδ̳
ȫɫһƬȻǼͫ׷Ŵǰ֮𺧡ʷ󣬾˵ĵâһǣ׵ĳ֣ɫ貹ֱӽʷ֡
D1ѧǣ35%ַȻ
ݣ߳󷢶ɫֱӷԪսµĻʷɾնס˫ĿѪȻ־ͷ­ʶ뿪սǸ˲䣬ʷ֮ǵӡ
ַ壡з˻ʷӰһƬâ̭
ȫˡ
ৣַӰһɫҫ⣬˲ʱʧ
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ţĿƳҲөĻֶһˡ
ԸСһˣҲмʵ΢ȻһЦȴδĿַղŵľ˵ڲμӿ˵ȺսУַΪעһѧԱҲֻһע⡣
սߣҪںԪ֮Ĳʼǿ
ڣ
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16 Ŀ
ϲɹ񿼺ˣ320ַѧԱ
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ս硣
֮ǰ侳սʵ
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ⰻȻʯɢ䣬һ˿Ұ޵Ϣζַ崥Դʪ˫ͫһòǴġҰ
ҰλڳΧشżԪ޳ûǵ͵ȵԪޱ
ʶսʿ͹ʿͨѡҰΪĥսʵս֮ءȻڻҰҪҵԪؾ壬Ľʯ΢΢׬СǮСȴǺѡ

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δ10%ٽߵѧԱ˵ǳԪޱجΰĴڣ
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Ҫʮööȸ
ʵȻһЦĿٿƳөĻü΢΢һءһ˵Ů˿ɫ԰׵Ŀһֻ꣬΢΢һƳۣ޶õľô뿪
ʶַ£湻ԸģҲЩ˷ȡʵ˵ͷٿؿڵ𣬰Ҳ1275.862Ǹ꣬ĿǰɼΣ
1275.862˫ַ磬Ѹٴ320սߣַ壬Ŀǰ3öѫ¡
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17 ֻ̽
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£ܶ٣˵ڼԱࡣ
ǻһĨЦ⣬ڵַȣǸߴ9.90%
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߶Իսߡ
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ĵȷй壬עص٣⾳ַ˿ںǰٴλıǵԾȥʵսԹߵĵһʶǿʶѧעʵЧٶȵȵȣ
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D8ѧչ⵶100%ַ˲䱬
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18 ȫѹ
ʱַ壬֪ԼΪĿ㡣
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19 Ϊ˲ɫ
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20 
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21 
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22 һ
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26 Ǯ
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32 ˣ
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34 ֮
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36 һҹ


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40 ǿʯ
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42 
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43 Сʱ
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עĲֹƳиݣΪѲʹǿ˾ΣΪԪѡֵš
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ÿһһţǸͷ­Ҫġ
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˵ţԼҲЦֻһ߲򣬸Ԫ֮ڡ
˵ǰɣַ壿ȻЦ



71 һﾪ
ǰַӦš
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ЦЦֻĺԲַɫı仯
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ѧԱĿʱַǻعȥ
ǰû뵽̶ʮ꣬սѧԺˮ׼ѾܺǻʹھӢѧԺˡԺһ̾ΧѧԱżã˽¶Цݡ
ŸԺַüͷ΢΢һš
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ϣʹھӢѧԺĳţ


ִվĽַ壬ڶ֪Ϊʲôַɹߡ
ַ壬ǲһô102죬ս߷ԺѧԱԴжиʣǻսߣôһӱ˹ߣѦ¿ˮַ־ֺޡ
˿վڿ̨ϣȫס
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ˣַĳǿʵ𺧣ʹھӢѧԺĸԺ

ַ壿ַ壿Ŷ߲ʱȻս䳡ǵӰٿһ֮ǰǸɨسŵ꣬ʱصȥɬ˷ֳ죬ûаı䡣
ܡૣȻڹϡ
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ܿ죬һ˱ȥ
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ԣҾ˴֮ꡣַ嵭Ц̹ϡ
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Ҿ˾ӶˡʯʨЦûа㲻졣
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ȣͷַ巢ֵģȡ10%ݶʯʨĿƳ飬ɫЩѿϾƽݶġ
ַɱ50%ݶõ帨ɱ30%ݶ
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飬ӣĸ˷֣ÿ˶1000ңƲȥز̸Ѿ൱ʵһ롣ʣĵҲ200ҡ
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ʯʨЦЦõҾƣеĺܣݱ֪
ɶ񣬱ȣ黹Ϊʨðնӵˣ10%һβģΡȴַˣһǼֵ4000ҵķݶ

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֮ɱ䣬Ѿ뵹ʱ״̬
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94 
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ৣ˷֣ܵDƾ󣬽٣Ŀǰ̽ǧƾ壬ƷΪD3ӵر͹¶ӦֻǴԼ5%ھгɵĿԣ֮ġ
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嵽ʮңݹ룬㹻ʮҡ
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95 
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Ԫ֮ĵģ֮ΪһȻʮ
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ַȴ㲻ЩԪޡ
ʲôַӵϼһɢɫâĽᾧ壬Ц



97 ˣ
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112 һƺżǿ
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113 ѡѧ
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ʵʱڵľЩߣϾռıˡ
ʱڵľѧһȡǰ˾⣬ӹЩļǿߣδزʱڵĺǿߡ
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ƪƷնװƷʵãǵؽ׵ľ澭㣬һսʿAսһȫ䡣
Ҫһ׵ؽϵĵ
Ҫǿ;澭㲻䣬롭Ҫγɹ
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˵ϸֳŨŨľǰԶ߼սͳʮ˶飬ȫΧ˵Զ̹·߶Ƿ
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ˡ



120 
ַ壡ʾϲ
ַ壿
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СӡЩʣȴʶ졣
ڣˡõЦ
õţҫ۶
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ǣȼǿĻӡ

ַ壬ûж
Ϊڵһˣȡĵ
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꣡һꡣ
žĻʱһΪٶԶ١
߳߳߳
ͷֱ򼲳۶ϮȼһԭĶζʱһҡ
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ۣ̫ء


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Щ¡
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ɽл죬ʱĵһ
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Զ̾ѻ֣߼ǿߣ
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СӣʧѪ࣬ɫ԰ף۾ֻǺٺɵЦַŹӣΪĴͷɢˣŹͷַЦ˸Ứ
ӵ֣ûˡ
һҪݵڵֶԣսߵĽ
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ܿ죬ӵ˱Ǹϵ
лַĿȻֹ֪㣬š
Сĵ㡣
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СͽжػгرΪһ˾Ҫأվֱ壬ͦǡ
ԸЩͻǣĲǵͷģϥǡ
Ǹǿݣ
˽ܣô
ܺá
ˡ


121 Ļ
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ʮʱúðաűͦװһΰʮڳǡ
һžװʮξΣУΡ
Ϊ׵ĿΰӣΪУΡ
ּУУУУбõĸס֡ճǾ֣Уװӣػĸˡ߼
ǣ٣ھ꾫ܡ
Ҷ㲻ճھôӦýһżǲǺܿ죿
ǰСףżܿǱô
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Ҷ˵磬Уεꡣ
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ǣ١Ǳ鳤硯
ܿ졪
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һͷνػʵľţ޲֮̾ΨУüͷ΢أоһ˿ԾĿٿԶռ䣬ʱȻ⣬⣡

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˭
ΪʲôڶĴŻᱻƻ
ңżȥˣ
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룬ࡣ
ҡض·ʲôѾͿ콵١
Ȼ˿еð߶ȴȫΣձȻŻŴ𶯣ڵصеľ׷׳֣ЩԵĵرð˳
ĸΣˣ
Ʒ׳һƷ׳򣬰Ұ
ң˵ΧУ

ĵرҩݡ
ĵȻţȡؾ֮Ԫ棬ֲͨʯȪˮܷ仯ΪļƷ
һΪҩݼͨʹǿʣ٣սҲá
Ϊս߷ʹãͨ˻ܲסӴ
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ĵرǼƷر
¶
ÿһΣܼ10%Ĵ֮ꡣ
Σϴ֮궼ܾѡ
Σܶѡ
ȻÿһζۣͶ1000ҡ
мС

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ʱļޣ

߱ӵߴӣڶԱ׷Ȱ
һĥȥ࣬µߴֲ䵽ʮ߱ȱӢ˽ԣȥġֻǷͨԱȥȻи򲹶Աϡ
Ƕʲô˽Ŀ׺ݣâ
ĸҹ߱Ӣ
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ȼһ䱸ģȻͨļսBʹCԪϣӵͨļٶȺͷõBԪرǷ⣬һǵϵһǿϵ
~~~ϣȴû˽ͨ
ļսڣʣȼһɫΪѿ
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үӰϾͷ󺹡
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ϾҧĿƳԣٽȥˣǵʵΣգֻͨļսٿط·뵽ʲôϾ͵תͷ򲻷ľйرնλ
򲻷ɫţʲôλ
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򲻷˲ʱඥĿ⺧Ȼңˡæ򿪾ʱ򲻷巢·𿴵ħһ㡣
찡Ͼȡ
ˡ򲻷ɫһƬҰף͵̧ͷʱϾǿ־ĵɴ۾ǰ
УһްӰǳ֡


122 룬Ϊʲôң
Ѫɫͫ
˽ţҲǰڵĵ
ȴһĳޡ
ȥַ屩УͷХ졣
ľ˹һӳֻӰڰ֮޴Ȼƾ赶ľ۾澭ıС𡯵Ȼս𼶱
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˵ĵ򲢲ֹɱ¾һɱģȼҵˡĹŹͷ֮һĵһеĵĹɶȼңػǰĴ壬˽ܵĸסѫļǿߡ
ллַعȥһѶϢ
ЩϣǲǰõĸףַԼġ
ļǿߡ
ַǰУִš
û˳
㣬磬ӦҲɡ


ɽַһ
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ԻɽΪģԲΪ֮ء
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Թַʤ⾫ͨߡ
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Ǻܺá
ַҲΣ˭뵽ս뻪ɽ򣬾һͷޣһȺҡУôײˡ
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ȷκβԼ
ȻԼɱҲûܡ
ҲֻǳĳĹޣµơϿɽԲʮڣֶĳĹ޺мĹޣԲʮڣָ߼Ĺޡ
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ҵ
ѵԼͲļޣ
ַɻ
ľλʱ˽ԽԽ
ڴʱ
ţַĿԶĿһ


123 ĺŮ
أ΢΢𶯡
ǰԼɼһͷ͵Ĺһ˫񷣬ԶԶɼɳ
һͷļޣ
ַüͷ΢š
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Ҳ̫˰ɣ
Ϣǿ
ӦǳĹСƫġ
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ֱܷ棬ͷޡ
սͲߣͷںϵӦǡEDԪ֮ġսһںEԪ֮ģںCԪ֮ģʵԲͬ
ˣҲûҪ
Ϊϲߡ

ŮڶߣᣬַȴŲ΢΢һ٣ַ漴۶ȥ
ܼܰ

أأ
ؿ𶯣ɳʯ
һͷɢžĻںD֮ģһĸϣ¡̤ؼ֮͸ʯɢǿ˵Σˣײǿֲ
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ƫƫ˼ҴϰٸСܡ
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ô
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жǳʵļסϸС롣
巢ȴǱŭ
ҵĶԡַҲǵһμǿ
Ȼҽ뻪ɽûߣŮҲʮߡ꣬ʵǹ𼶱𡣼Ķ߼֣ϧ
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꣡꣡
Ůܼ䣬벻ʱɳĿ⾫·𱳺ԴƵģ뼲ɼܲƫлʹ߸ӱŭ֮⣬ôƺ
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¶Ǵ¶˽˫ͫų貹âǰһ京ŵ黨߹޴Ļʮһʹڰ״ӻʹڵĿ϶ԼɼһϹ⡣
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124 ˽ܣ
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Ԫѧѱ䣡У˽ܿѪܱѣ֮͵ļ
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һҺըðĳˣ֮ĺըֱӱ˰ᣬɽֻʣǷĺը಻ϡ˽ܣȼүû㱣ҽɽ

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ѺϽƳɵĴţ˲İݣǧٿףĹޱǿᡣ˳ɫһƬҰףϼ˲ֹ¸ǽά衣ŭþٿء
ৣɫһ䡣
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192 ȥڰ
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193 ǿҪ
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һԼĳˣƬ԰֮Уʫ续Ӹ޵ЦݣΪһʻˮ·ӻ߳ľ绪չ
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Լһ𣬽ע
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һͷǣԼŹߵҲ᷵ðȱʱһ鷳ɸɴ࣬һ˰ˣʥҪǾ;
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䡭
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Ӽҡַĸ׼续Ŀ⾼
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ǰ续һЦ૵ҡͷҲû뵽˶̵ʱӵкʵ
УҪɫٱ
һ죬ǼһΪ
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194 
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ȷƺָҪαȷʵѡ
Ԫ֮أҲȫĵط˵
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Ǻáַ΢Цͷ



195 Ԫˣ
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ܶ඼ǵһΡ
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һԼ뿪Ԫˣ֮һееΣõʥ̵ıԼ׷ϯԪ˲ȥһսǿߣܲ
ڶ·ɸ򵥣ǾվԼһߡ
ڼҴҵԪ˵ûкǿ߹ͬ±ϡĹŹȷĸɺǿߣöԪֺ빩ǿߣ
ԼɱţݣݲͬǣԼǻˣҡ
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270 ֮
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271 
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272 ţ޿
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ûһֶǿȴ֪
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ֻҪ漣ǻֵġ


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̲ǿһ֮Ĺʵмڴ⶯²ҪʥһĨɫ׹⣬ɲǼ佫۹ͱƤ˺һ϶ַһҧȥ

һţһš
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~һȾӵð
һųȵĻ棬ȼŷŭɽ緢㱬ʮ㡣͸ֳɫʣϸȸԾ˿˿֮ӿַ˫ȭžâһᴩȫ
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273 ϧûʱ䣡
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ڶأȵһҪǿĶࡣʥʶַ֪ڶյʥΪһʮͬȼǿ߶սһǿʮ֡

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274 ӭ
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292 ־ս
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293 ɳĮԹ
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294 ʧ

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295 ǿʥ
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298 ֮·
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299 ̰޴
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ˡ𣬴ʱٷᣬʮֹ
ַᾪѣ˵Ĳ࣬һʮף߶ʮ׵ġޡϿšⲮʥ߸еı־´ĳ룬Ƕ׶೤
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ͬˡ
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300 
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ĹֻѲֻʣһأƣֻҪһأΪߡ
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~֮·һţǰ



301 ʧܣĨɱ
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ַѰʯˮ壬˼취ûһĺһȦ󣬵ֲ࣬ʯˮ߱ȱʶģֻꡣ

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׵ַȺС
Ըʯˮ壬Դױ깥֮ʢû㣬ɢҶ֦ÿһ֡Ҫ䳹׻ɱҪôֱӻҪôǶ
飬սۻ
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ʯˮǿַ֣±㱻ɱѵʯ֦ĵǣַٶȼ죬һһգʶڽɫХһƬȸԾо
ǲ󷽷ô򵥵Ļɱա
ڣʥܵô
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ҿ϶Ͼɱʯˮ壬²ŵꡣ


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ʮһ꣡
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죬ʮСʱ
ζÿСʱҪһٷֱȵʥ
¹ȥСʱ0.5
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ԼټӿٶȣȫԸҲǿңǻĵģһδεսԼָܲܲЩʱ䶼ȥԼֻһ롣
ţҪȷķַ尵ͷ
ʯˮ̲صʥԼÿղɣ̫˷ѡ˵ʮ㣬ɣɵһؿ飬ɡ
ֻǣзô
ಣַȥ
Ŀɨźڣһˮֲʲôȴ˵





ַѡı̲֮ԽԽ
ϵ̽ϵķǰУʵַſǡ顯ģ֮ǰҲĴѰ٣ҵʯˮȡ࡯¡
ҵʯˮƣȴֲֲͬ
ԽֲԽࡣ
ˮ壬ˮݡ
ǡôôֵľô󡣡
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ǰɫľ޴ɿʮʯˮ塣
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˿˿Ƶ֮Уˮ峺ۡ
ˮ֮ʥַ尵ʱʮ׳ľҧûɬζǺʯˮһĳ졣һַ㽫ľȫա
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ԼշʳʮŻ۹Żóʥľ˿˿⣬ԾҲǿãʥƤ

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ַüͷ΢أԺٿظֳԶһÿþ޴۹֮һˣֲĵȼ̲صȻҪɫľ޴Ҫߣʯˮûıȡ

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ȴضڡ
ˡ
ô롭а취ˡ
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336 ɫ
ݣѪɫȸɳ
ַɫӿ֣ħʡ
ʥħʥӳһɫħʥĹֱӺʯˮͬԪ޵ʶ˲佫𡣻ʯ֦ʧȥ
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¶ʱУδйıͷʢӿʶӿȡַֽһʯ֦գгޱȡ
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ղɣһ㳬ųɡ
ʥַħԽ˿ȸŵĽ̰߱ķȫԼ֮ 궼شοʯˮ壬ħΨһȱǡ
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ʶעΪùֶΡڲͬɱʯˮ壬Լĵʥ˲ܲȻǲͬʯˮȻҪһֲʥЧʱ֮ǰȴı
֮ǰԼԤƵ죬ڡ
⣬ڡ
ҵʥء
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һ죬ַɵĽ60%
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𰸣Զ׼

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һˮһԽʯˮͷԽ࣬ʵȻǿ㣬ʯˮʵ簵 ꣬ͬһ
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ַһʯˮ壬а ʵˡԽԽΣգΪʯˮʵѹӣһʥĵ߰˰ˡ
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Լľǰʥڹ㣬ء
ס
ʲôܡ
ַ֮档
оͺ˫ε֣Ƭ
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˿~~~ɫΧַɫ΢䣬ԼʧĪɡо׵էȻַ֣徫ֱӹ
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쳣ǿңЩֲﲻһȻֱ
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ɫȺַ建̽ţЩɫ߲ûй׼ȷ˵ûʶˮһ㣬ʶıжˮɫȺǱ
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̶ʱ䣬ʥĲ٣ɫȺգǺˮѹ
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ַ׵ֱӱǿ۵幥ڰ˻֮ۻʥǵ
䣡䣡䣡
ַŵһʤһ
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žϣ
֣ˡ
ַӰ赲ǰһƬɫߵм䣬Ψһһɫߡ
ˡַ˫ͫ



337 һ
ɫߣɫҪһ
ңɫΧⶡ˵
ܡ
߳׵¡
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žⰵʥʧʱֹסַӰɫΨһһɫСʥһ˫εֽɫߴ򿪣ʻš
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һͨ͸İɫ飬·ڣһȾ
ʲôַš
ͨ͸ɫɫΣ̲ʲô컯Űɫ飬ַ漴索УȷԯʦӦö
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Űɫ飬Ȼ򵥡ַĵ
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۵£γһŰɫ顭ַҲ벻ͨȻռյףɫȺΧһͬʹڡ
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ǿ൱ԣİ
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⡣
ޡЩȡ
ԯ۾һЦҲ¶ˡ
ȡj顣쿪ڣΪֹѻš
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ƽһţʱʮţڡ
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Ŷժš
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ʱδǸ˵ʵʱ
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৵ıܿʯˮ壬ߡ
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ףɫߣصİɫ顣
λãˮ֮ľ֮Ĭlľ֮˯ٺϵȵȡ׻ȡģеˮľеĻȡ
ˮ֮Ϊԣַڵڶѻˮ֮ʥ
˶ǿ⣬ʵûжôʥĹؼھӣʮֲͬһʥҲѱȵһֶĶʥ
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ʮ꣬ʳٷְܻܻ֮ʥ
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¿ͷѣʥˣʥУǰѾԼʥΪԭ
ӵк̤һ·

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ಣַԾ̲֮
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ʱѪɫȸ͸ʯˮ塣
~ɫַХڷɡ



338 ңԯʦ
⡣
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ͨһһͨӺˮ߳ǰ΢Цԯʦַ֣ܰһЦȻʶһСʱԯʦָԼĸоʶ˼ǧһ

Ϊ˴Ѫ
һˣԯʦַ֡ߵԯʦǰ
ջܷʢɡԯЦЦ
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Сʦܡԯͷ·
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ɡַЦϾjʲô֪Ōô⡣
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ԯÿɷһЦܿ㡣
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ˡ

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꣬ʦܵʵСʦʤ֮ͬΪãǰ֮С
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Ϊߣÿһʦܣ˵ͬһĥɱȨǌҲûа취ֻĬĬȴǣңһͬ
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СʦʧܣཫֻһҴ棬ʦһΨһĵڶࡣ
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ַ壬ڶ顣
ʲôһ룬ַоԾһƬɵɫʣڶ߻ͷֳһ˿⡣Ϣо˵ǸһԴôͷһ
ħϢ֮أ
ʱȻ



339 һе
ڶ飬ħ硣
һڣһٿųħˣʮųħġ
ӵаʥѶʮڣмħˣһмħġȻַ΢΢һȴҲ⡣Ϊ˵ΪıӰԼ

Ѷȵȴ档
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ЩС鷳ַ
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Ĵڣ

⡣
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Ϊһ˽˵
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Ìе⣿
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ʮڣмħˣһмħġ
ħģȻȰħѻõĶࡣ

ܿ죬ַ뿪Ͽȡ
̽Ķ̽ˣҵҲˣȻûаħ밵ħĶ԰ħЩ˽⡣ջҲС̲ذʥʥҵʮţԴḻĶࡣ
ңɱͷϵޡ
ӲƤܴﵽSSS۹
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ȳʥʥδؼѣ롪
Լʥܳʵ
ڵҪʥѱȵ졣
ӵеڶ磬ʥ̫ɡ
ַ̾нǰУ磬ħΣճ̶Ҫֲ࣬ޣǿҹʶ밵ϵصҲйء
նǺڵģַ̇ͷ
ûаҹֻޱߵİ򣬺
ܿ졪
ַ崩ϿȣһƬҰش
ǰԼɼһƬׯǰȥߴӵһصӰ֮С
ħ壡ַ



340 ħ
ʮӣ
ַ΢壬ſûĲݴ֮С
ħ磬Ұݵĳȶһףǰİħͬߴеĳڵļѣ붼ϡݳųţһ֪弫Ϊǿᡣ
Ůĸױϣ尼͹£ħһ㡣
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ʱħ֣ȭŶԺ䣬ʥǡ
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#@ħͻȻĿڣɲǼڰħǿ߷׷ͣһ˫˫ͫɻ;ַ̤֮Ϊ׵İħýԱӯһԾĵͫɱ
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~У~ڰ֮ʥ˲Сˣһ㱻ڹաַʱԼڶеڣĹ
ʥ١
ǿַ֮ݣһ̵ħǿߵǳħһְ֮ʥһ֮⣬ȡԼǰħǿ㣬Լһһζ졣
ħǿߣԼĺԶ
簵ħʵ㣬ħӵڡꡣ
ħǿ߶սʱԼ֪
ǣӦ벻һڿ󳡡ַһЦ



346 Сҹ
⡣
õмħˡٿ
ô죿ԯȴЩһħĵĻȡҪȰħʮֹĿ飬ԯ£ķѽһʱ䣬żȡõһŰħġ
ǣǳħġ
Ѷֹٱ
Ȥ˵
ԯ˵ڶСʦ˵Ѿˡ
Ȼڶ飬࿼ǻۣıԣԣսֻǸһ٣ɵĺܲǻۣıԣԣս֮ѡһСʮ˵̫ࡣ
ʮڣܽ밵ħĵ硣
ԯ޵Сʦܵ治һ㣬ħɲ壬ͬ塣ૣԯͫ˸˸Һķʱ䣬ȡðħΣ硣
иŻлر
ƬǿգȻ
ԯ΢Ц̧ͷ댴ദǧ߰꣬Ըоõ൱δ˿
⡣ԯȻ֣¶Цݡ

ħ硣
Σյĵطȫĵط
ַ岢ģûħ𼶰ħвħǿҪҵ
ûôס
ȫˡַů⡣
αסĲֹԼСŮַͨ·ѼסͨϾ඼һƻƻۼɼ
ʥֱƿʯ
ǰݶ֣ſ̽һʧСԴַӣʱ˰㣬¶ϲЦݣϲַһѪˡ
СŮ˵ַѾΨһˡ

ַ岢ûȥ
¿һƬңȮǰħǿߡȥͶַСŮǱĵصףһռ뽺ݡһ߻ָʵһݱܷͷ
ʵԱ
ַָ죬һѸԭ߰˰ˣǿʥ޾İʥգʵһ㡣ʥʥĻָҲֻԷ˵㹦
һս˵Ǵȫʤ
ΨһϧǣĻʥ¡ǳױˡ
ֻʣ֮ǰԼǼĻʥ¡
˶వϵ޵ıƤһϵʥ²ѡַ⣬鷳ԼǷѣҪɸѡ
ȻСŮ
ȴͬ
~澭תַ漴ʱȥ󳡵ķ粨ƽϢԼʱ뿪ˡĿԶСŮڳʶУ֪ʲô
΢΢Цַмɫ
һܼǿŮԶͬ˸ӳ죬󳡵ӽСӹǣĥµһ㣬ССͱѳѣС岻֪γݼǿ
ð˴ķվ籾ܷӦһ㡣
˵ǷݸжԼԼ޷ܰħ裻ֻеľǿִţԼϣϾ
ͺԼ
ʱԹâСŮӳʶռɲǼַ壬¶ϲЦݣɱľ˸ˣллҡ
ַһЦڣٿȴ
Լûɣ
СŮ˵ǡԣ
ôᡭַȵ
ѧģˡСŮ̧ͷָָʶռ䣬ַȻͷʶռӦоУԣ֣ѧԺĿγ̣߼Ԫѧȵȡ
ڰħ磬۰ħҲãħҲգȶǲס
ڶ̶ʱѧԣϡ档
ַСŮǷݡġԶͬ˸ԣԼ볬ʶռ䣬Ϊһ˺˼룬ѳȥˣȴû뵽ѧϰԣԼͨ
ִɡַ΢Цʲô֣
СҹŮЦ˵ҸԼȡĵ֣ΪħԶǺҹΪںҹл۵СмŮϹлл㣬ִ硣
ÿַ΢ЦСҹţܺ֡
Сҹ¶Цݡ

磿ַ֮
šСҹͷħ½ϣ౻½֮£ɶİħһֱϷŹǣΪһ˽ĴѰ࣬Ͼɱ
壬̡ҧ촽СҹгŰ֮ɫǳˡ
ǵĲҲûˡ
ַ˫ȭһ߬
ȫʱΣħǿ߷ѾĻѰȺɱ䡣ħǿ˵ʳǿߵѪǿǵ˼Ҿ磬ȴһССĺǰ

ħ塣ַͫ
ִ磬ôСҹٿʵ
šַ岢
Сҹ¶һĨЦݣ֪ôȥޣִ硣
~
ַ˫ͫʱ


347 ˳߲
ʥ
ɶĻˣͼ̹ɾĲǣУͼ̹ͷݵڣź۷ʥдȨȡտʨͷâ֡
ʥ
Ϊʥػߣɵĳʥܻ衣һһµĵ伮ʶͼ̹ڴпһȣңѹɳս
ʧˡ
ôʧܵĶ֪
һҵңôƣȨȺտȴĪıͳϿһΡͼ̹Ҳǰ˼⣬ֱ
ҵʥڡ
ڴпһأʥĴңδȴΪһš
ͼ̹ɣ鸽ΰʥʨһ壡
ܿ죬ҽӵרҵʥޣʵͼ̹˫ֺʮ˷ޱȣǰȨȺտâ޾ΰϵɡ
ͽͼ̹ɣЧ㡣

~
ʥڣǿĽɫȨȺտȼгһ޴ɫʨͷһ˫ͫȻ޾ӿͼ̹ڣʱõͼ̹Ϣֱƶˣ
޴࣡
Űɣܿǽ᳼ͼ̹ɣ
˳߲

ħ硣
ַСҹ˳뿪ĻҿѻָҼӴѲ߱ȡʵϣԿ˵ʧûпô󣬽һħ𼶵İħԼһЩ޹ʹĿ󹤡
˶ѡ
~ַ廳СҹӺԾ
ǰںѰѲߵİħСһΪ׵ĸ߼ħʱɴ۾
ʱַѪܣȴǱһͷ˺ҧİʥ޷˺Ȼ㲻ֱҲñϡַɫ΢ף䰶˲ҲħСһֱۣԾ𣬷ɽƿֱȡ񷡣
󷽡
䡱һ޴޴Ӻдܳڵۼ粻ս
ݺ⾫ŭַԶȥΣŭٿǵɭͫס˰ħСӣΪ׵ĸ߼ħʱɫɷף˲Ķӡ
ˡ
𣡣쳹񷡣

ӳ죡
ַ廳еСҹŵĶͷˮȴΪԼΣһֱַѪֱۣܵСҹ촽ҧķס΢΢̧ͷżӣСҹ¶мС
һ죬ҪȥĶˣκԥ
ַ壬ִ硣СҹС
ܿ졪
ಣֱַǰɭ֡
ĵ൱Ϥֻԭ·ءϼ̫ãǸǿİħǿߣСҹ˵½֮ϽΪħͳΡ
ħΪ͵ȰħеȰħߵȰħӦħħּҲǵģƺż
һǰħսʿͬħħ
Լɱħ𼶰ħһħͳ죬ӴİħʲôˣҲаħ׷ħɱɱͬħ壬Ѫʳ⣬꣡
ħ磬籾Ϻơ

ѨС
ֱַơ
ʥδʴֻһЩˣ˽ǲûʲôˣʱͺǿָǾˣˮ֮ʥ磬ָ
СҹҲǷ
֪䣬ǽַ嵱ˡ
ִ磬ʵаħ硣Сҹԣַ彲Űħ֪һЩݣƬصˣħ֣ج٣˲أħʵ̫ǿ󡣡
ǣбǿǿİ֮򡣡
ǣޱȵĴ㣬ħǿߣһ㸲𡣡

СҹУַ̾
˵ģҲֹħ壬ʷпᣬħȵĽ٣һ࣬ͳε򡣾ڲǰħĳ֣Σ
ħĳ֣κʱ˭Ҳ²һɲǡ
ҪԼֻһ
ǿʵ
ַ
ǿ󣬾δħͳθͬûʷĳ֮Уĵ

ϢƬַ̣Сҹٴ̡
ħ½أΣأ˭Ҳ֪һʲôʱ١һյ磬һְȫһ·ۣ;ħǿߣʵǿ
ΣսǰС
ĿĵأԽԽַоõСҹı仯˸аҲмϣ̤룬ǰһᾹͷѬأӲݴһ鲻ޱȾԶĹ
ִ磬ǵˡСҹҧ촽ӣŲԶĺĹɪɪ



348 
Сҹĺ󱳣ַ̾
ԼҲµǰַ彫Сҹӵ뻳УһСŮԳʹȺ𣬸ĸǰħɣһЩ󳡣ѹեʣֵ
꣡
һСŮôŹجΰӡ
ȥˡַο
ıĴȫħ࣬Ŷٿʹ
Сҹͷҧŷϵ촽ǿȥˮû£ִ磬ǿ߰ɡ漴»ˣСҹһĹأٿҧָ⡣
~ѪСҹӨ飬ڵرʯϡ
һΣΣΡ
ʱ䡪
ʯ¡¡Сҹַ壬վʯϷ
䣡ַվϵɲǣʯ¡һ·ȥַ΢Ϸһ㣬صʯ֣߳ϵĺ£ԼСҹ˲䣬ѽȱڲϡ
൱Ļء
ҪѪǰħѪҺַ֮⡣
ٶ׹㣬ÿ׹һ֣Ϸر£һ֣Ƶɶ칤ʮ룬ַ巽ŸоʯٶȿʼԵСҹĿ¶֮ɫ
ҲǵһôСҹַʵ
СҹţǺڲ䣬еȲ䣬峤үүǴӺڲгĶ䡣
ַͷ
СҹԼڶ䣬һС䣬԰ټƣеȲ䲻ֹʵǿҲǧʷȻСƾãԻǰȫԶҪʤһ
˵䣬ʯֹͣ
ַϷȫǧףħҪҵֹһ֡

Ǻڲ䣿ַĿɨܣҲ㿪ƽһʯɢ䣬ÿʯĶ˶һĺɫӣɢ΢â
ǵģִ磬һĲ䣬ҲǺڲתСҹ͵
Сҹ䣬ַȻ
ʯݶѻٻʯɢһأӲݴٲȻ߶꣬иûаϢӵĴֺۼȻҲһ䡣
㱻ħҵҲֻΪѰɨȻȥ
ôҲ뵽ֻһӣǧףĺڲ䡣СҹĴƺѰʲôַУ̾С
࣬ȷǻ۲
һ԰ħҿߣֻΪӲд
ˣСҹ˷ܵ
ַһǷıԵشһ۵ʯȫ飬ʯ˳СҹָȥڵʯСɵʯװƷ㡣
ͣҧָСҹѪʯ֮ϡ
ʱ䣬Ѫ룬ʯ΢¶ȴ·ȫգ㲨δСҹĿ΢Цִ磬ԵһУڲ尢̺ܿǡ
ַš
ȻǽߣһؽһءСҹַˣСҹ·ԼҵҲ˺ڲ䣬ϾԼǰħࡣ

ַĵĵȴ
Ȼͬűȵǿʢħ಻νǿСҹб׼˵ȹǽӽ40%
˵ڲ䣬Сҹĸڶ䣬ණʿʵԼڿħ𣬿ҪǿĶࡣ
Ӹ֡
棬̫Ӵ󡣡
ҵʦƿ򡣡
ַ
䲻֪һж󣬵Ƶİħ类ʦƣ㹻𾪡
˵ġַ˫ͫ
ܳΪʦĵӣֻŬδ·һƬܳΪԯʦ֣ʦǿߣ
սޣ
ַ岢ûҰġ
ֻǸսͬȴͬѪСڴ³ɳַ岻ƽսϵصѹͷ࣬ǿӿ
Ϊǿߣ
һʦһ߳ǿߣ

δ̫á
һСʱһʯ¡һһŮӰΪŮ˫͸ĵۣӢˬ¶Բȡ磬İ͹£ڶ͸Ƥй󣬳ԡ
ŮСҹ¶ϲɫ૵촽
Сҹ·˰㣬ϲŮӡ
ַһԾĿš
Ůӵñط꣬ŮӶ䣬ܿŮĽ̸СҹʱַָڣŮĿַ΢΢һЦòԵĵ˵ͷ
ƺԼЩʣŮִ˼䡣
λȻҪߣûһСҹϲ˹߰ɣִ硣
ַš
ڣҪȥˡ



349 ˻
ڲ䡣
˵Զŵ޽׹䰵ħ磬һֻڣʶԴ˵
ڳŮ·£صԹʮ䣬ַҲǺ棬Ͼǵһνص硣ж죬תһǧף¡
~âһϣ֮š
ַźڲƬ˼أµ硣ɽɫʯݱĴɼӨɫ壬ĵ׺Ƭ²䡣
ͷһ޴Բι֣ա
ʥ󣿡ַ֮סǰʥ֮ͬһ֮󣬷ͷͬǼΪɫ֮أ͸ǿȵȡ
ǰಿˣӭ
~~~ľ𣬺ڲ˶ֻ¶Цݣ赸ַ΢΢һȣٿȻЦȻԼǵĻȴܴǵЦиܵϺͻӭ
ԣ֮ĺ蹵

ӭ赸
ŮӱַСҹʯ䡣
ִ磬׽ҪȥϡСҹĵ׽˵˲䳤⣬ϵʵˡ
жַ档
²ʵȼСҹԼ˵
ΪԤսʿսʿʿԼʿͷ졣ħӦģǲʿԵʵȽ˵Ҳȳ80%ʿͳ죬ȳ90%
С䣬һǿΪʿ
еȲ䣬Ҫǧ䳤뵽ʿͳ켶ʵϺܶеȲ䣬ֹһʿͳ죬˳⣬ʿͳᱻΪϣԽĳϣζеȲԽǿ
ϣмʿͷ졣СҹĿ¶۹⡣
ǲ䳤ʹǸǿַ循
ͬʿͷ죬ʵܶ࣬ϳƺǿߣ߼ƺǿߣʵһΡ
ӦðɣҲСҹһЦЩûϵҪǣǺܿסˣִ硣
Ҳܣַ
Ȼ԰СҹͷҸ׽˵ˣִðΣգڿһŰҾȳǲִסСҹҲס
ССӣ͸¶żᶨΣõַ֮ů
ȻԼܽʯ䣬ҲСҹĸ

һ·С
Ĵɼʯǿд裬԰֮ʥƿأ֮ʩչޱö䡣ַ忴۾ÿһսʿͨսʿǿߣȫ泬ʵ
⿴д裬ǳ
ʥַ֮
հ ľԼһŶصİڹԶʥΨһصʥԼʥʸǹھʥΨһǷȱǡ
޷ʹá
һñƫƫᵶֻ
˴νʯ䣬հʥĴûᡣ
ܴ
ַ尵
֮ǰԼȰѡɡ
мħˣһмħġ
ʣʮһ졣

ǰɺھɵķݡ
¶⡣
һ·ַҲЩףںʯ䣬ʵλԽߣݾԽҷϺھԽࡣЩھǿԼİ֮ʥ̲ؾ֮
ŮӴ뾧֮У΢΢֡
ַϣ䲢ǰƮߣһӣɢǿѹ̲Ű֮ʥŨڵ˫ͫСҹЦݺ⡣
ԼȴЩƽ
ַףħ࣬˵ȷᾯ裬ҲҪ衣
ϡСҹףַ֮
ܿ졪
ϱСҹ̸ǴӺڲȥһСҹҶڲǻӭСҹǰûаӵĶϣַ΢΢һЦ
ħ࣬ͬظ顣
Լںӣ䣬ֻҪСҹֵܰ㹻
ϾԼֻһ͡

ַ壬ס
СҹʽΪʯһԱСҹȻ·һȹСҹɱħ壬ȴӦһϻɮ濴档
ҵǡ֮͡
ַ岢ںأʯôûд
f࣬ءַһ߷ҳһ߸СҹѧϰҪڰħ棬һԺҪǰħԣаħԣ಻ѹ
ַ˵ѧϰԲһѵ¡
ѳ60%Ŀ翵İⶼ򣬸ο֣
һʱ䣬ַԡ
ڣˡַ¶һĨЦݡ
ۿΧˣƫƫ޷һ仹Сҹæ룬òǸ취ᡣʯ֮У롭
֪һЩѶϢ
ַ߳ݣܴĿ⣬۵ٸ泩ࡣ
˻ˡ



350 
࣡
ǳĲһ඼ǳӵô
ߣ϶ͼı

ַ̹֮Ȼ
У㲻ǿȱȥ㣬ħ֮Ҫڵ£ߣǰ͡ħһ塣ȻԼҲʮ㣬һ
Ǻáַ΢Цڡ
ɲǼ䣬էȻֹ
ʯ˾㵵ŴͣĿͶš
~
һ㣬һ˲ʱܿɵţʯȻ͵ǰһƬճַԼһ֣Լôôкȫˣ
Ҳ⣬ǰȥ
û߶ԶַǰһȴǼһˡ
׵
Сҹеĺ׽㡣
ģһ˫Բĳȣ˵絤ۣ׵˿ںʯıֱϣ˫ֽ滷أߡַĿ򣬱˹ȥ
ǰɫı⣬ʯսʿд衣
һսʿָΪָ⴦ϵʥۣһϵ˵Ʈ鶯˵ȣҹ಻ڶ֮Уָⰵδͣ
һִھ󵶣׳˶ţд󿪴ϣԿɽʯ࣬ɲ㣬ÿһйڿգʱսʿǱ
ΧȲΧ۵ĺʯ˲١
ַ֣׵˫ͫƳһ˿ĮȻ
ã׹ַߵ׵ԣ΢Цк쵰΢΢һ漴תͷעд衣ַתͷȥ˫ͫ΢
ϵʥ
֮⣡
д裬ַ弫ио
׳սʿ䲻ߣ̲ذ֮ʥϣյͣˣ䵶кʵʩչ̲һ֮⣬˲Ϣȴܱһְ⡣
൱
֮У
Ϊ˭Ӯ׵УַתͷԼַһЦ˼ʹսʿ
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ܿ졪
ʱƣӾù£ԽԽǼ֮꣬׳սʿأ·ۺ񣬲Ƭ̣ӱ㱻һУѪڵϡ
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ΧƺȲ
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˭սصʵĿɨˡ
䵽ַϣԵһ¶ɻ֮ɫȴǴδַ壬ԴصĿ⣬Χַ壬¶֮ɫʱ䣬׵ְ֮Ϣһ͡
ַ΢Ծǰ˼
Ҫս׵Ȼ䣬ΧȽһƬ֮о¶кھһᣬ֮ʥӿ
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ۺ׵δ˵ʲôȥ
ϲսϲսʵĶֽս֮áң¸սʯ䣬Ҫò˽õİ취ǡ
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Ǿսһ
Ҫ벻˿ᣬǾóʵӮúʯ˸ܵԼ⡣
ַ塣ַ׵֣׹
أۺִھ󵶣¶֮ɫ
ǰ꣬ϢղȻͬ
ৣ~׵о
ؼͣ
࣡
ԣΪǺʯ⣡

źؿڣ͵Ĵ
ǹľս˲ʱ
ս
˲䣬ַͬʱ֡
ǿʼսȻ浶ʵǹǼַѼأ׵׵ֱ֮ضԺ䡣ղһսַ忴ĺطʤİ֮⣬ɽܲ͸硣
սʿޱȵ꣬Ƕȣδܹطɼһ㡣
ȶ£ĹҪһ
ҡ
磬ǵ徳
䣡ַ׵ֱȡأٲȻҲӣھ󵶰֮ʥӲǶԺ䡣ײʥֱڱϣδ
Χʯȴвʯм¡
һУУУ
ַعﾡǾǿԹԹ˭ҲϺһѪڣ빥սֱѪڣǺ׵¶֮ɫ
֣ս
ãغЦ
ͫ׿Ȼַ壺һУַ壡
ַǿЦ
˿Ѽ˲ʱתɫ׹Ȼҫ



351 ޴ǣ־
䣡~
ǿǿϵʥϵʥ
֮׵ַʥѷһȴʤһȣԾ澭սǿᣬӲǿһеıƴУĺϾ󵶡
˲֡
˵ˣϾ浶ʵǹսӲǣսղһҾʮַֹصĿӣս⣬֡
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شһһƬ
Ȼֻмսʿʵ֮߼սʿ㲻á
ǰ֮࣬ǿ
ֻռ֮ˡַ׵ЦҲûйַİգ֮ǰָսһʤδʤ֮䣬̵ƽΣ
عЦҲǸˬˣã
ԼķصȷģֻǸղһʱȣһҪսʤ࣬Ϊ⣬̫Ӯ
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ͬҲмսʿʵͺͬСĽʯ飬Ӳ̶ԶʣַǲʿѼȫ޿赲
мʿĺ׵Ҳϧܡ
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368 ǣϣ
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Ѽı׵һ¶ɣʥ֮ʥڣڤ֮֮񽫣ޣ쾪ˡǿĵ⣬ŰԵϢַǿһС
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ǰһɫԲ򣬴ֿһʵĵ򣬵ϸϸȥԲȴһ·ʮ־ϸ鲼أûз϶ȴȫоõɫԲ̲صİ֮
⣬һϵʥ
߼ʥһǺʺҵıɫԲĵһ˲䣬ַѱסĿ⣬ȻƷͣһȴʺڵԼ
׵Ѫ֮ѥǸ߼ʥ
ңԼĿǰǿľǰʥҲδ޵ģϾӵаڹ򣬰ʥٶ죬Ҳǿͬ޶ʥĿǰ˵Ѷһʱ䣬ȴòӦЧ档
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ӣǸӡīֱҡͷ
ݽ棬ںɱΪ飬ѾԡüͷأǰөĻµĻ棬Ƶͼ̹¾ŷ˹
ʬףһƬѪ˼
Ԫ˧踺أĲӹһ١ҡͷ
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ڣɫʱҰףƼԱָɣл档ֻޱڣ죬׺ݣƤëմȾδɵѪգλȺмģ˫ͫɱڵͼ̹ɡ
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ͼ̹ɵ˫ͫѪķ
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369 һ˾͹
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мλãζֵͬʥȻܲһʺԼ۵ȡõ̫һⱾԼһãҪǡ
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û⡣ԥ
ô鷳硣ַսȻһЦ
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370 ĺԶ
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һ˲ʱļʱǰ޳ΪͭƤǵĽչ޸צ׵磬ƿնצѿֲ˹צ̩ɽѹǿӻ

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~ʱ䣬һǰʱһ䣬Ƽ类΢Χٿһڰ֮⣬ʵأһϤס

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371 רӲ
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ͼ̹ɺʨ޵ʵǿ
սҧǰ಻סг嶯ֱȴקסǰȻޣǿ޿赲·𽫷ѹ

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˲䡪
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396 ħ
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419 ôл
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420 Ҳǻ
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ַЦԣҪлֵľ֮
âһбȽһĨʥͷԣϵͬţԵﻥ˱ݡһ٣漴ĳ˵Ѫ֮飬֪ɷ
ַƽִӺε֪
Ҳν׾˾֪ĳֱϲˡһͬţֿɷԶһ3000Ĭһţ
3000ĬңַЦ
б𶯣ʥŨȸһɶ𣬴ĳѪʵٸ
˼ǡ300ĬңǿһѪ֮飿ַʵչʵ۱湦ٺãֻǱ湦ѡ
üͷһĳԶţ۸ˣҪôղžͲ㣬ڽսצ£ʰоֲ١
ַ嵭Ȼ֪սɱҡ
սǿٶȴǹϵɱѪɱֿԣɱѪɱ֡δ˵
ɫһ䣬ŭһĹ֮ˣĳľ㡭
ƺм²ֱַ֪Ӵϣ쿪ڣ˽ʱޡǽս
ৣ
һ׽ӡ
ĻܣһĨâбɱɢ㾹ˣңΪɱϽж˲Ҹ㣬ʶĽһѪ֮飬Ȼ
ݹĳ飡
飬ɱ⾡¶
ϣ
ַƷʥ֣Ǳű΢΢һ
ûհǰ˺󡣡ַ֪мɵϾɱѪ¥Աһץס룺㣬˶ϻղֱӾ͵Ϯ
ҪѪ֮飬벻һۡ
װǣ˵ɵϡ
ͨ죬ֱð̣
䣡ʥ˲ʱıǺĳбһճ磬ֱȡַ塣ȫ˳ȥҲǺۣ̤һûк·ߡ
ɱˣ

˲䣬ɫǴ䡣
ѼءδʩչѼַ壬ʩչѼʵ˺ֹһΣʮǿɫ·ɢһĨ⣬ֱַѪɱֶս
ڰ˽׵ǿȣַѥҫٶը
Ʒսѥ
תַУƷʥ霵һܣǿҵĺ֮Ϳ־壬ַ˲ʱǹ١
׵ڶ
Хγһ޴УַĿڴͼӿ֣ļӳʹ˲ת֮ǿҿ񱩣ԭһо˸
ת
˸ֲ
ȫû뵽ղŻһͷַ壬˲ȴһͷʥıϾѪɱ֣սḻǿסΣʥ⾡֣ͷҫۣı
һ룬ҡ
ǰޱߵĺڰֲ֣ǿԵϢ
˻п־֡
䣡

ֱѹ
ӭӱ仯׽٣ַмˢӡ
ѪɱֵĶսѪɱֵϵսôĲпᡣսḻȻַͬսгɳ̶Уֱӽɱ
Ĵַָ岻м֮
һʲôѱûôңںһѪɱֵҡ
һַתȥ



570 ôôǿ
еһͻеڶ
Ѫɱֶհǰ˺¶ѪɭֵѪɱ֣е߶ѾڣǵѪ¥ɡ
ƺַĹԵס
սڶʥǿᣬߴ޵һʽƺδȫ򣬵൱ˣϾε⼸ħĵ֮Ӧãƫ
ۣ
Ѫ£Ѫɱ쯵ӹʵ۾
ôҲ벻ͨһΪλǿ

ͬ뷨ģֹ쯵ӹһ
ַѪδɽ¶ˮû֪ʵǺεȲΣֻдձٲɱ֮Ҳֻǵ˶һ٣̩ȡء
ַսһֱͣڡ
ٲ
ٲٶص֮⣬䱾Ѫɱеȣµȵս
ַ磬Բ˷

ӡ󣬺ˡ
ôôǿѪɱ¦κȻǰַ壬վԭػˣƷ׶ѡַ̤̤岽ȶ̤ʵ
ֲİ֮⡮ء
ַһͷɫХ߽١

ôôǿ
Ǹ޽Ĵ𰸣ΪÿһôѪɱ֣ˡļǲʣûкҩԳԣ̰ɥʧǣҪõʲôͱ븶ʲô
ǸģԼ
ǿִַ霣Ȼ
ԼѪɭѾڶ죬֮ǰһ߳ͨɱ¾սƿӵʮ۷嵽ʮһѣһؿһʱϰǵʮһ۷塣
ߴޣǰʽԿ
һ졣ַδͣЪ
Сܿı仯׽֮󣬽ʱܵǷͻƣԼѪء
߳߳߳
ַ䣬ϰ
ƺһУǼµĿ죬ƿ֮ɣڿķѸԽԽңΪ֮ԽˮѹԽǿԵԽǿ
ʩչȻû⡣
粻㣬޷ƺȫ
ʮһǰľ޴·ϣֻҪܽ飬ǰĵ·ҡңң޼ʡ
˵ʲô
ףʲô
ִַ֮š
֮ӶԽԽ죬ǿƺƵ磬ʱƿ֮ϡ
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̫⵶ˡ
峺һ˿ƽ䴫ַ֮һΪĳֶ⣬ΪղžѾоΪղһ֮
ǰ
޵޵
ķ豹棬ӵƵУԼȴħĲֻͬǵԺԭʼħ޾ĵ;磬ȴ˱˴ߵ·ͬ
~ַһ
ԣ
̶һ仰Լͬק˳ַ̧ͷԶѩһ㴿Ůӣޱ飬ֳһ޳񽣣ᱡϸⲽ
ѩ
Ѫɱ֣ʮַǰѩһŮӡ
ԼСһ꣬ǰʮλѪɱΨһδģĳִһƬѩַɫض𣬴ѩ֮൱ѪɱǰʮζţѾѪɱĩ˵ս
ѩѪʱͬһʱ
ҲһѪ֮顣
ҲѪģַŴѩ
˵ʵԼû뵽
ǡѩ䣬ַ壺ΪûǮ
̹ϵĻش𡣡ַһЦ
ѪɱУѩӦֱӣʵϵһйء
㻹кܳʱ䣬δزܾ塣ֱַ˵ʮѩʮʱĥʮ޵ߣҪȣΨпѪ֮ȳ
ҲȡѩĿԸһѪ֮ô
裿
һʱ䣬ַҲѩŪȻ
һỹ㡣ѩЩ
ĿԣӴѩַ忴ࡣ
ѡ
Ӧ֪Ҳͬ⡣ַԼҲҪһѪ֮ѩ
ܣѾѪɱϵһ
֪ѩͷ˲ʱ񽣻һâˣֱַָ壺ԡֻԷģҲɱ㣬ֻҪһѪ֮顣
ַҲ֪ôش
ʵϣ棬ǰԵ
оͺ͵ЩٷһںԼ˵ֻҪǮɱˡ
ŴѩַЦЦ˵ĻʵҲܺ
ûǮԼֲϽ裬ԡֻ
áַٿһЦס霣ʱ֮оȸղҪ࣬ȴǶĴѩѡսѸӿ֣оŴѩǿĽ⣬ַѪڣܻңҸһѪ֮顣
棿ѩ˫ͫ
һԣһޡַЦ



571 Ҫ
һѽһѩ
ѩʥͷţѩ续Ľѩİ⣬ϸİ񽣽֮һַӵ쾡£ѩ裬ʥϵޱ
ԷǴѩǿĵط
ǿĽ硣ַ֮Ȼ
ԼսӥдĵʤԼһײ㣬ѩĽԶսӥ֮ϣһµĲΡУ̲ʲô档
ʮ
飡ַսˣ봵ѩĽ뱻ȫƣȻַȴ¶ϲɫ봵ѩÿһν涼идôʮһݡ

飡ƺһַٴαѩ˽ˣȻѩıѩʥȴǷȱ㹻ǿĹ԰֮ȥųɣʣ½ΪգܵĲٷ֮һ
ֻҪҪֻˡ
쳣ʵ
ַ͵һԾкֱ֣ȡѩ
˺õ򵶻ᣬܴ

һδν档
ѩŲӣ¶֮ɫ֪Լ֮ڽϳ̫࣬ʥϾʥʥǲ༫
Ȼַ嵶ѷɫҪȴδ¶
ѩ裬ѩ˫ͫаٴμӿٶȡ
Դıѩ졣ѩվ峺𣺡ӵס䡣
áַսŨŨ
ӴѩϣԼѧࡣ
ֹĽ磬ʥںϣѩʥڣڤʥһȱҲܴϷ㹻ǿĶ֣
һ죬ѩ١ѩĽȻ

ǿĽ⡣ַĨȥѪա
¶һ˿Լķ൱֮ǿһˡ
ܲѩĽ֮αԼ̫ࡣ
Ʒʥӿǿս⣬ַХԺиֳԭʼħһδεսߴ޵һƺԽԽһ̫á
ַüɫ裬ǿǿ
ΨǿУԼҪģĽͺԼĵһǿҹ
ԽǿĶ֣ܱƳԽǿԼ
ڶ죬ѩɡѩĽ⣬ѩ⾳ӵ쾡¡

ܣ
Ʒʥš
ƣĺȴı䣬ѩ⾳ۿۣܺ޷ӰǼᶨĴѩԸһЩ鷳ǡ
м⣬˰ʹ
ڣsһһ⣬ַ忪ʼܴѩµĽ֮ǰʤһȻ˿Լȴӿһ֮й죡
ֻսԼ䣡
ףһ׺䣬ڵ۳󣬻׵罻ӣ֮䶥ǿ֮֮󣬹ǲס
ַպ霣֮
ѩĺ䣬̹ͷ⣬·ſһУԺûԭʼħ޵ĵֻԼһˣֻдѩչİ񽣣ÿ趯ֽ֮С

ʮһļʮһǵԭˡ

֮Х
ַ֮ͫ
ԶѩЩףа趯˷ɱϢ֮ǿֱ񷶥ѩʥ̣Ƭ⣬ѩƼ죬ѩ硣
ˡ
޾׿֣ʥ霵ͬʱ
һȻӰǿҵк霿ХƱХΧѩַĵأ簵֮䡣
ߴ޵һС
ƺַƣ㡣
꣡
ʮһıݣˡ

ˡѩӣѩһĲ԰ס
ַ͸¶һ
΢аھ£ˣǿһСѩ硯֮¡ѩĺңһŸ߰ġ
ףѪɱǰʮλԼĽ
Ȼȴ̷顣
ҡַ΢鲻
ڴѩȣ£ʩչߴ޵һУҲζԼĵʽ롪
ʮһ
̥ǿߣٷԼ֮
һҵŵԡѩҧ촽ʹ˿
Ŵѩı飬ַ֮ѪɱֲͬԽ׷󣬶ĿִţǷݵʵϣԼмֺøУַ忪ڵҿԽһѪ֮顣
ѩһŵ
һַ֣һѪ֮漴֣Ӧġ
~
ѩͫʱ
ƻϨϣһεȼѩؿڼ˵
ܼ򵥡ַЦŴѩͫҪ㡭
ң



572 ʮɣ
ৣ
ѩ˲ʱɺ죬ŭѡ
ôҲû뵽ַȡҪ󣬽ҧӣѩͣһδ漰ⷽŮ˵㻰һ֮
㣬㣡ѩͨ죬˵
ַʱǷӦᣬҲ˼
ʲô˼ѩڰѻ˵˳
ַǸһЦָǡ
ѩ΢ȡ
ַĽҺ죬д죬Ѫ֮Ҿͽ㡣
ѩأƽ
糺գཥָ̬ѩԥô򵥣
ȻΪַһЦ
ѩֺһ£׵ֻȻû⣬˵죬ٶʱҲУҪʮɣ
ַȻʧЦ
ԼǵһμôʵϡŮ
칻ˣʱַʱ䣬ͻƵȻͻƣͻƲٶʮҲûáԼ絽ʮһʱ贵ѩʮһʮֻѡ
ѩţһȥ㡣
԰գתȥҲַѪһۡ
ȵȡַẰ
ţѩתͷٿһֽסһѪ֮飬΢С죬ѩȲĿ
ȥðɡַ΢Ц
ڳϣΪƣԼŵĹѩ
ǳʵϡ
ѩַĿЩмǸӣסѪ֮飬лл
֣ǧء

ѩ̫ƫ
ר޽ʥȷʥ٣ѩΪȨ֮ƣѩڣɱѩʥҲʥĲΣֻһƷʥ
ʥһǿѪɱжǶ⡣ַ
ʥ˴ѩս
ս츳ȷʤǧݯǧݯʵѩսַʱֱ棬ڵǧݯȷȴѩǿǿĲ࣬һѩ塭
˵Ӧʮôѩٶȷ
ʥĳʱѩ޶ǰѪɱ֣ǧݯֻǰѪɱ֣ŮѹǧݯЩԱΪȲϴѩû
~ַһ
봵ѩĽսԼ˵ˣԴıѩ죬һظһǿ
ȥٿַһ
һɭȻĺ⣬ӼǵѸ
Ѫɱַ֡üͷһšӦεϢȴѩǿһΣণϢ壬һͷ׺ݵޣӦѪɱеġ


ģʼҪ
Ѫɱôַ࣬ԲΪѪɱֻ֮⡣ǿѣδԼֻߡݷڰĶߣԼһһȴᡣ
ַԶһԺްͫȫëһҰϢЦ֮ʥͬѪɱֵ͵Ϯûжķϻ
ɱ
Ϊɱ¾
أʮ㣬ھŽ׵ʼΪֲе̳ͷ޿ޡѪӰѪ
䣡ַʥͬʱ
ɢַϢȻǣ֮ҫ贵ѩ켫鷳֮м⣬ٴһһΡ
δЧ
ı̫ǿ
ްĹʽѪɭˮľӵ쾡£Ծܿӽ˫ֳצâ֣˻йǽ٣

Ŀ顣
ַ˵ɱ¾սΣʱ̣ԽսѪɱ֡
ʵͨ
ƣպֱַѼ߲ȫʩչַǿҲڰ˽ףкܴࡣ
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ַ֣⾪ˣոͻƵĵǹȣ״̬ѣַʮ㣬½ֻǵһʽ֮ǿѾȥѩǿһС
ĵУħǿ֮һĲ
ߴޣ
ƺַ˲䱬
֮õСܣƣ˲ȴɫһ䣬һҫ۵İ׹ǰ֣һ׷ﰿ裬Χ
׷Ǭַϵ
֮ʩչֱĿä״̬Ĵ
תǬǿҫ䣬ҽĿ£񱩶צӰǰ͸Ϭַ弲˼䣬ɫ΢΢仯ɲǼ䡪
ֻ𣡡ַ֣˵ּ٣ֱȡ
ɫХһâ͸ٿǰֳһħִ֮ɫ޶ܡһ죬꽻ƺȥȻַδʤ׷ȥ

ַ壬뿪ˣ



573 Դǧ飬ͳʵ
ʲô
ַս̫졣
ܱ˸ֲϾѪɱ֣ʵף˴ӲǳŹݵĿä״ַ̬Ĺǳ䲻ֻͬ¡
ѪɱֵʵĬǿߡ
ʮޣ˵Ƕ⡣
˶ϣ߸ӦĺָܿȴѾûַټ
ʱ
žһɫӰ˲ʱ֡
һͷ𷢣ǧڷɢųζַȥδⶼƳһ˱ǣ˲ʱǧڷʧ
ҵŭ𣬸ȥ

ϧַҲΡ
һսԼʤʵռϷ磬ȻǿԼͬаأʥƣʥѹƣȥɰܽܡ

ǽֻһֵĻ֮ϡ
Ѫɱ֣ŮϢоųɿǧڷַ尵ղоһǿϢӽһݷڰ¶ʶѡ˱á
һһ塣
һԶַûаգǧڷʵ
νǿ
̫ɡַ̾ٿһ
һɺϣǧڷܿڰ۲죬ԲŻֵ˼ʱ
粻֣֡պڹϳ֣ԼߣѪɱΧַ御ţʵһж˵ʵʤʲߡ
Ů˺ܽƻַ徯衣
Լû´ǧڷӦͷԼʼûж֣ĵȴᡣԼѪɱɱǧڷʵȻȸں
ԼܴѩӦҲȴδֱ֣˾԰ա
ǧڷַ弲ٷɳۡ
ţԼĸ룬˵ȷҪСģ˼綾Ыһġ
ǧڷ

~
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һ˫ͫܣϹŷӡԸз촽˼ʲôܿ죬һ˺ƿռıϢ֣Ǳַһ
أ
Сȥˣ
˫ֳצ
޴˰䶯ʿֲ㣬ŭȣСɱˣ
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ֱð̣޺޵ĶǧڷһۣҲٺ죬һŭޱȶȥǧڷϸֳһĨм֫ͷԼ򵥡
ৣ~
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ôͻȻʧǧڷŤͷҲࣺʱٲλãԶξ˵һر֮أûп˾޴󡣡
οѪɭʷƾã÷ֵѱ֡
֮صĿԼС
뵽⣬ǧڷﲻЦ
ΪѾˡ
ᴥϹŷӡǧڷЫ˫ͫ⣺ȥֻܣϹŷӡôһ塣ȻԴǧ飬ͳʵ
˻ɣȴҳԡ
ǧڷ΢ЦУɫӰûϹŷӡ֮С
͸ý硣

Ѫء
Уַо
һκúÿһ֣ԼȻ֪ʲô飿ַԲۣ֮ǰɱԼͬκβԼ
￸仯׽١ַѼƻá
Ѫɭ֣ﷴȫࡣ
ǧڷĽƻӦûϹŷӡġַ⣬ԼͻȻʧûɲɣٲǴλ˵Լ磬֮ԼĻʵѾע⡣
ֻǣԼν

Լϣǧڷ㹻Ѫء
ڰĶ߿£տĶߡвʹ󽵵ַ͡պ霣֮ƽͻƣߴ޵һʽգԼ㹻Ѫɱֽа塣

ѪϿȡ
ڣͫ
ܻҴܣݳ鴤ŭģ̰ྐྵȻûţ֪ƷʥУԭʼħ޵Ķжǿ
ĬǿߣԵֵ
ѵûѪϣת
ٿء
ɫһ䡣
Ҵܣ͵վĿ¶׹⣺һ࣡ôѵǷܣ
ܣ
һ̰ʳ֪ζ
Ҫɱ
ҧгݣѡ



574 ŹֵСD
СܸܿоСDǵϢô
ţӦÿԡƫ17ȵλãӡ
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Ѫأַ弲ٶۡ
֮ûɴ˺õĻᣬϴηСDǣΪŵһ޾ֲʲôˣԭʼħĻ麦Լûɲúñһ¡
οұǵзѡ
ھץôӣСܿĵ
ȱ仯׽ٽ󣿡ַ֪СܿʲôϵĿ־壬DǶβѩ˵дڣָǸ߸ϣλơ
һԼץסСDǣŭ
Сܿϸ¡
ַûʲô£ʵӰ׽٣ձɱҡϻôʢŭȻǹСDǾͲͬ
СܿɵΪʲô
ַһЦһ֪⣬ὫСDǲֻǱãҪ֡ˡ

~
һɫӰܡ
ŨѪǧڷﾪﲻѣһ˫ﲢ磬ӦѪɭֵһ֣ԡղŵķӡҲϹŷӡţˡ
ȻһЦǧڷ鲻
Ӧþַ巢ֵıء
ߴ100ŵĴѪʥʹʥ飬ʮ֮˾žõѪ֮顣¶֮ɫǧڷԣΨһǷȱľ塣
ֻһ
һܡ
³ƷӡԼ棬Ǳ޾£Ѫ֮Զıءǧڷ˼ٿüһ˵Ѫ磬᲻Ҳ󴫣
пܣѪ筵Դͷɴ˶
ôѪɭֳѪƵܡ
ǧڷ󵨵룬ԽԽ𺧲ѣؿڼԸе촽ૡȻͷֻһɲǼǧڷɫѴ䣬Զֲƽ֡
Dǣ
һͷɢܻľǣ̫ͫ
žϣžϣD屩ǣ¶˻żȵʹޱʵƲ͹Ѫܾ㤿ɲDһͷޱȾ޴DȻ֡
ѹǿƾˣ
ޣDǣǧڷ彻ӡ

ӣԾСܿЩš
ôˣַ岻⡣
СܿЩţͷDǵϢͻȻŹޱȡ
жŹַ֣ɫء
СܿϢѾˣԶԶңҡһСkĸо
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šַ岢δٶʡ
ĿԶ˫ͫ⾼
ΪԼѾоˣСDǾǰͬоģֵǿѹļãʣսļ


գַȻѡ
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ÿһ꣬絼㾫׼ĺһħǿߣħű̻еĶһХ澪˶׳ۣѩǵڶμȻ塣
ֲİܡ
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ַɳʱóһһսսӥˣõĲ֡
Щ˵ħǿߡ
ַԼ
žַ尴סϹҫΪƷԭĽմȡ֮ۺʥַ档
ӵjһֹá
һһս÷ӲƷĲѥڡ
˿~~~һϸ˿ʥֱַڣѸײڶֲ֮ģÿһɲǶвʥַָ嶯϶ʱ䶼δ˷ѡ
Ѹٲ䣡
ʮ롪
𣡡ڶħǿߣŴӺڰдܳһսӥҲͬʱոϡǵʵϵħȫǴݿɱ
ַָ
սӥûκԥѸ˻أڶ׷ħǿȴûа£¶һĨЦݣΪǿַ˫֣һǾ֮⡣
У񷡣
䣡

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ڰеħ·޾ַʥ޵Ԩսӥ۾ַǱֲܣХȴûаûУһǷɡ
սӥ૵
ʥҲ̫˰ɡе˼顣
Ůַ壬
˶оѪɱ֣Ȼַ֪ÿһεĹжǿԽǿĹζš
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˵ַüס
ַĻֱӣսӥ侪㵵Ĭʮ㣬ɱȥЩħħǿһѱ£ս
ʵϣ״̬Ҳסսӥ˵ĳ档
~ַһʥĿȴνǰδиµսֶ룬ÿһ붼ʤؼΪСʵƶˣԴѩ˸
ħŮ󿣬ַܴк
һħǿǰͺ̵ĹȻֻħˣħŮõʵΣħħܸӦʵħѪɱҲ׳֡
ʶǲħȷȳ
˵Щȥħ壬ֻһЩ϶ѡ
øһ˫񡣡ַѸٵʥܱôǰЩȥħǿߣᱻħŮɣΪʳ
ԡ
ƺ©ʲôַٿһɡ
ħģħˣ
ħŮħģߵĲһ·ԡЩħǿߵʬ˵ʵûַ˼˲ඥˣ
ħģ˵츳֮ꡣ
˵Դ
ַȻ
ħǿѪǿѪΪʥʶ޷ΪħǿߵġƷһ·壬ħǿߣħɵĶ
Ѫ⣬ǿѪ⣡
ħ˵ħǿߣħĵħǿΣ
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վԼϣħά֮ȻĿԼ絶⣬ȵĸоոԼϣıѪ¥ԼҲһһ
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һ㣬ܲԾ
ַ˼ٿǰħű죬纣Х˲䱬
~䣡~~ǵصħߴγģһУеʵ޷һˮһˮĲ䡣
֮㤶ĸоƭˣ
Сģַ徫ȣˣ
ħŮ󿣡



598 
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֪ܵħŮУ޷ȷλãΪδһδħűгħǿߣǧڤħϢʮ
飬սȫ
ս
ħŮ󿣬ʧȥԡ
Ϊ֪ԭļƻѾȫʧܣֱַȻû֮纣Хħַսӥ˵ͬʱѾʧ
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ʱ˿̣ʥĸ֤ħ̶ȵĲٿأǰѹѹһƬħǿٺ󣬾ħŮأҲӲԼ۾
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սӥ˺ĬΧһţδ˻Ҳδɢ
Ϊ֪һһ󳷣ַ彫Ϊʸ֮ģħǿ߹Ϊַȡһʱ䣬ڸġȫͷű̳󣬻ΪɫˮΪ˷ġ
սӥѩǧݯһǣǶ
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ϤľȻ£㡣
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˿̵ַ壬ħеްĴڣ¾
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һ룬ħŮȴǱһĵ¶־֮ɫ
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ĿģѴﵽ
ʱ䡣
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սڶ㣡
ߴ޵ڶʽɽûԥΪַоԼ״̬оԼĵʩչ
ݵĵżȵĳأַķŭ̩ɽѹ䡣
ħŮɫͫտħѪͷųɫ棬ģޱȳª˲ħӲ赲ַĵ
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ħŮ󿣬ɱ
ս˧ɱħǿ˵֣֮ʿήңַǿʵħǿĵ£ʱӵӣɢɢħɾ
׷ˡַ忪ڵ
սӥɱַֻ֡
ƽĶۣǻû򹻡
ˣսӥЦܡ
ַ廷ܣĿԶħ層ݣ



599 һ

ش𣬲ֹսӥһŮЩɻ
ûǧݯʵ
ˡѩԶгȲʣȫ飬ħĲΣȻסֲַһУѩȣˣ
90%ַ֪ѩʣ
ӵ̤ʮһԼһֱϰߴ޵ڶʽɽѩοһò˵øлħŮĳȫĻþԼ˷豹ĸо
Լģһֱ
Եȥ磬Դĵȥʩչַѩԣ򣬻þԼصǵִŵԼ
ΨһϧǣħŮ󿡭̫
ֵܶһ󣬻Լһڶʽɽ
ҪҰæڡѩ
áַҲƴǡ
봵ѩսȷԼڶʱڽ90%100%ôߴ޵ڶʽɽǿֻһ㣬ȫѾԶ
˰塣սӥǲǲµṥ㣿
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ֻû뵽óĲǻ֮ǿ﹥ƫƫǡ

ԼͫʥǻĿǡ
ûͫʥƾڵʥڶİսĻͬɹͬԼʥ﹥һûԼͬǹعǰˣ󵶡
ζַ㣬Բɡ
ûаˣ絭⿰ƵѶȵջʢбõĽô
ҵĹַ͡һЦûǰæһҲɲˡ
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һ㶣սӥüͷ΢أɣħŮץߵƣô̶̬ʱҲûܰȫŪɣħѪûȤֻǰ൱Ͷ
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ʲô

գ
ħУһɫӰٶۡ
һӣQɫۣͦΣһźͨĹȴɢһϢɫͫŰѽʣӡһǡ
ʮ壬ɲ
û뵽󿾹ܡ
Ѫ¥̵£ѹݺʮޡ
ԽĦнָһõ֡䣬͵۾һɫ䡣
Ǽ١
ȫٶȱȫڲΣ֮ٶƵٲ죡
Ĭǿߡ
Ԫ࣬ڶס
磬Ĭǿ߷Σͬ׶ΣֱΪڣʥԼڡڶף൱ڸտĬǿߣսѪɱ֡
̥ڰ˽׵Сһ׷ңԪ¶мΪĬǿߣԲõַʵ
ˣԪл¶һ˿ʣ̥ڰ˽ףսѴѪɱ֣Ѫ¥˲żüãҳɲʱܳһš
ĦָԪ¶ҰģϣͻӺܶ࣡
ʮŵ壬
ƾʲô
ǳɲԻʱʮ޽ڶʮŵĳȻԪ˫ȭõҲһõгһգɲ
ҰĲԪ˫ͫƶ
ɲȻ䡪
ܣԪ༲۵
оʲô
һϢĽӽԽԽ
ôܣѾٶȣôܱһ죡Ԫоǲţĸоǵ̥ڰ˽Ϣϵ£

ַ壬ٶȫ汬
ƷսѥѥԼ⣬ƾѼصַȵյٲҪĶࡣǱ̥ڰ˽׵壬Ľס
Ԫ࣬в졣
ַ̤ӰǸϡ
Ŀӣ˰ԷٿԪ΢ȻЦ֪λֵ׷ĳΪ£
ַһЦ
Ԫ࣬ٿЦݱ䡣
һַ趯



600 Ѫɱ֣
Ԫһ㶣ٿغǺЦ
СǷʲôĳֻżȻ·ԪüĿĽ͡
ôַ嵭ȻڣǰƺǴħ層뿪
ԪǳǸϵһ̧Բӣħ層ݲƸﾪˣǡħŮȴսȴûܴĳУһֻˡ˵ţԪ಻Ц
ַԪࡣ
Ļ٣ΪһͷϺꡣ

̫࣡
ǰҪѰƸԲ뿪ǼѰңֶ롣ַ쿪ڣΪħأǰڸӲħŮӦҪǡ
ǰ֮ħ層ݣ֮ǰѾ
ΪҸӦϢ
ֱַԪࡣ
ɫЩӲĳбǾκˣʵϣԼδӦϢֻ̽̽ĽϣŽ˫Ԫַ࣬˵һ£ǰΪʲôħ層ݡ
ৣԪͫٿһ䡣
һֱ벻ͨһ⣬ħ嵽ô쵽ģڶ̶ʱץƵߣҡ
в̥ڵǿߡ
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ʱħƽ嵽ʮŻץһ࣬ÿһץ̫࣬Ϊ౨裬ûаô
ħץԭܵĶܹΪһ
ū
൱ūҪͶħץĶ࣬һЩץץҲ̫ನϾ඼ڳҰشץ
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Ҫץں̥ǿߣף궤סȻ֮µħŮĿģʱӭж⣬ǡħôץôں̥ڵǿߣ
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ַԪࣺڹ
ңض϶ʵǿţ֪£ʧߺ󣬲϶Ľ;衣
϶϶޵ľӡ
Ͷһ縺ػ޵ΣҪĿľΪ˶Ըħ塣
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~ԪЦСḻħƲԵУܺңóɲ϶ǿţʮе壬ΪҪħ˵аٺһ
ַҡͷΪ֮˴йͬ档
ħûһֱڽףħ˽ףʥ׵ȵȡַԪࣺ֮ǰҲ벻ԳɲȨʵѾ϶Ҫ÷磬Ҫ꣬ʲôõħæֱղš
ˡ
Ԫ۾һУ΢
һ£ǰȵĸ𡣡ַԪ࣬Ŀӱ䣬в²֤ʵû´⸲𣬵ȵѧɱ䡶֮ءɲδá
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չһȵľѧתתΪħŮã⣬ǳɲġ
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ĸ֣
ַԪ࣬ĿԾۣһܡ
ʱ䡪
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ԴϬԪȻ̧ͷ

żâ֮ϢŨʯһͷ֮ͦ׵ŭַɫƽٿȻһЦǰƺŪһ¡
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ַЦҲɣ¸Ҫκιء
Ԫɫʱһ
䣡
汬ѣӿħһսַʥĴȻħʥȻۺͬǵأľʥ䣬ħаħʥ޴
ǡѪɱַ֣岻ϣֳһĨѪɫӡǡ

ϣ飡
꽻â
֮ӾƷʥ霵ϣħʥѷɫʥ١ɽַսⰺȻһδɽȻ£Ԫ౻ԵĶ
ħŮ󿴦δɽ񡪡

صһз·һͷţף˫ľ޴ħױпĺȻɽһȻ̮Ϊһʯɳ
ԪɫҰףֵ
ɽ

ֲԪķֱ飬Qɫȫѣֲѹ·飬˲һâַ֣֮סֺ霷
̧ͷַԶ΢΢һЦ
սӥѸǱߵȴԼ



601 
ôˣַЦ
һСӣȻиͬͬսӥˬʿڡ
Ҫæôѩ
ַһůˣѾһ䡣
ղǸǡɲԪࣿȡ
Ӧַ岢ʶԪ࣬ԳɲûԳơĳӦûħŮ֮䣬вĹϵ
ϵսӥ˫Ŀһȡ
ŮֹϵַЦЦħŮܴܿһֽף׼ȷ˵ǳɲħŮĽףƾԪһˣ޷ʵʩ
ַ漴ԼƲ⣬սӥϸһ顣
ҼһСӣν
ܿ졪
˱ǻȻ
ô˵ȷпܡսӥͷ
һֱдţɲ𣬿ıǺħ֮ĵ½ףչħˣħ塣ַƶϺԪĳֵȷ̫ɡ
ѩַ壺Ĵָô
ûСַȡԪĴָʥֱӿ룬谭ʱâһװʱУϷּΪϤ
֮ءսӥĿʱ
ַ¶΢Ц򿪿һ飺ǼϡȫֳһᣬϷּǱž֮ǰȡõġ֮ء¾
ȶԣһ
һԭһֳݡܷḻַԣȸ˴֮ͬءħӦݣһǱԭϾһǱԭ¾һݱֳıˡ
ַͷ
Էһδͬһ
űԭ¾ˣɳĮУָ᣻űԭϾˣָѲ֪٣ڵصӣ̫ࡣ
ֳȫ䱸ݣ򶵶תתħŮС
һ׾ѧ֮šôѩʵ
Сַ֮ءʱֳᣬѧסʮ֮֡͡š֮͡ءһֳıݣӦǿʥܡ
̾ѹֳɲա
ʥѧΪʮ޵ĸǰλʥš
սӥͷ׾ѧɲܽʥ߷֧ɸһϸ¡
ꡣǧݯҡͷ
ΪҰģ궼ܳòȻɡսӥĿ¶м
ҲһӴڿɲ㾡󻹲Ӵˮһգַ壿
ޣսӥ˫Ŀοɷˣ
ַ΢Цͷ
ȷʥѧĻãֻ±ԼջҪء
ҪĻȥַսӥ
ҪʲôսӥЦٿһ٣һ˿϶Ҫ
ַ嵭ȻһЦ

ħ層ݡ
ѺĵطѬ졣
һ㱻ˮ֮УѩŮЩʣ΢üͷΨַսӥɫƽսӥĿżֺ棺㿴Ϥ
ǰַһЦ
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ַĿƳսӥ̹ȻһЦûִй񣬵ұѺ
ʲô
˴
ַһоͫԼĴڣԼӳ죬ĴȴҲ൱ʹž޵ϣͫԼִУʱ䡣
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ϢӦٸ߲д棬սӥȣˣһѻȸ󣬰ȻǻںмһϲᣬٺӵǱš
ÿһǻ
ʵֻ⣬Ϊޡַпǧ
ֻӵ㹻ǿʵԼˣı˵ˣ

ѣ
Щ߽Ⱥַ˿ʼħ層ݡ
ԪԣħǱŲƵĲƸȻⴿ⿴ħ層ݶвƸҲ̫࣬ҲЩѻħˣѪȵȡ
ַ൱
ջٰϵʥʥͬʱö˵ֵǮı
˵Ĵָǵıսס
ֵĬҡ
λսӥЦĺϲ£졣
ǧݯʹѩЦӯӯһεջʤʮѪ
ߣȥѡ
ַ΢Ц
ʣ뿪ħѪء
飡



602 ȫͬ
30Ѫˣ
ɣ1ѪǶʧˣƾ30ѪЩŮ֮ɣ
ģۼǽ񡣡

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ûһСӵĴָ30ѪЩõˡ
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100000ڣ
ƽÿ˻20000ڡ
ʵĬһʵ࣬ױʥʥ֮࣬սӥҲһ԰жóȥֻͽۺ죬ʱ۲١
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šˡǧݯͬĻشַʹѩȴ˻ַ֮У㣬ħΪȱĬңཻ׶ǻģֻԼʽС
Ѫغټ
ǧݯϸȶһ£˷ֱ㣬ܱһʱġ
ܿ졪
ľ֮飬ܻý11200Ĭңַռɣ5600Ĭң˸1400Ĭҡʼ䣺ħǱڵĲƸħˣܼ980Ĭңÿ196Ĭҡ
ħΪַȫ򡭡

ÿϸκνɺͷ硣
ֱӱɡַ
šսӥʹѩͷû顣
áӦ
ַ壬2550ĬҡһߵǱǧݯѽѻɽĬַ֣ӹҪǹɫ򻨷2730ڣɫëħҲѣҲ۲ٱսӥˡ
2550Ĭʣ
ַ⡣
սӥ6270Ĭҡ
ѩ3950Ĭҡ

һĿ˳ϲ֮С
Щֻǹһ˷ǮܣûǮȴܣǿ紵ѩΪûǮ٣ѪɱֲǱʵѪɱǿǵʥսףʥ
ҴȥѪ񡣡ѩڡ
ҲӡǧݯĿƳѩ
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ַ̩̹֮
һѪӰƣѪɱ־ӵоѪţ
̩̹㡣򵤵ҡͷʵѪӰֻûȥɽ񡣡
Ҳǡ
ɭ˫һâŨǿһУһȳΪѪɱ֣
ַɭȣʶǿ
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򵤵ַЦʥ̩̹11ѪһֱҪ֤Լ̩̹ǿ
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ĳԱ˲żüáַи̾ѡ



608 Ѫɷ
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ܳΪĳԱģǾӢеľӢʵֻ츳罣ʥɭһһӡѴ׼ĳԱѪɱֶսճΪѪɱпܡ
ȽΪĬǿߵĿԸһЩ
ϣĳԱǿߣ߽ס˽סŽַ̥࣬ڰ˽׾ͳΪĳԱģ١ֻ̩̹ѪӰ츳׵ĳš
ѪɷѪȣһַȻͷ
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ѪѪɱ֣ĳԱ3Ѫɱ֣1Ѫڻʵ֮ǿ2Ѫˣš޻ΪѪ¥ƯŮӣĽڶࣻһ3Ѫذ񣬿˧湫ӡ
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Ŀͼ򵤵ȥͽʥƷĿĵֲͬǰѪȣ򵤵һѪϵʦ
һһֱȺάʮҡڼ䣬вٺĳԱǰкַҲʶ˲ˣһЩͨѡ
ʶһЩĳԱַ漴Ҳȥ
£ûʲôҪһġ

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ȥѪɷɡַ΢΢һЦ
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ܣѪ֮ʥַ廷ܣкźɫâ
ѪɷĵһѪ¾֮
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кɢħʥżĶս⣬ս֮Ȼ

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ǵ˵ġַ֮廷ܣһƬӶ֮Ѫ¾֮й֮
˵۸
ħҲѪսַѪɷÿһͨһġšֱܴѪɱмڡڶ֮֮Ҫ룬㲻ҪһѪ¾֮
ԺҲֱӴն롣ַһЦ
֮ǰԼϷʲôȫ֪
Ѫ¾֮ѪɷȦ֮ѪɷϿգֻҪ֮Ѫɱм䣬֮Ϳֱӽ룬ࡣҪӵһѰҽڶĴţСʱٵģü춼δҵõ
ҵ㲻ַΧϢѪ֮ûУֻд֮
˵ӦñȵһҪѡ
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ʱʥ۶ǰͻأĴ仮һצȻΪʥ裬ʱ벻ཻһǿַ֮ˣ֮ȡ
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ޣַüһչǰ֮оٳһצһȴ׼ֱӵıܹ˲ʱƷʥޱߵķѸײڶ
䣡
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ԭħַȡƵʥ飬̲Ũ֮Ѫ¾ʥһʥ飬ȴʥҪ

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ħĹʽؼһ֣Σȫ֮Уµ޶ΣһɲǱУһɲǱǰ﷢ˮ
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һܶδܣк霺󷢶ԵߴֱǿΪԾħѹ֮İԵݿĽħĩ
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֮150-250

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ͨԱĳԱѡ
ңѪ񲢷ǳУѪרѪһ¾ôЩѪѪɱԴڴڵѪѶȿ֪
Ѫɷ磬սѪɱ֣ڵһڶ档
ֻǡ
Щַٴλɱһͷ͵Ϯħ
ߴ޵ʽ籩ʵһʽӦ˵һʽ
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ϰһСʱԼԷ籩⣬

żַѰڡ
ֻҪѪɱ˼䣬´ξֱӴӵڶ
籩ؼһ֡
Լ̬ٶȣĸо
ʵҿŴдչ
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ַ֮죬72СʱΪʹɱ¾ٶȱʱʥҲ򣬵ַԼǲ׼ȷĿ
10000ţ൱200Ĭҡ
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610 ħ

ַȻʧЦ֮һɡ
Ѫ¾֮ĴŲͬǰĴ͸һ䣬ַȡʥ飬ڣһպϰʽ籩Ȼеõȡ
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Ʒ䣬ѪɱְּѪɱֶĥ£һΪ֮ΨһĴڱǡħ˵Ѫ¾ħħѪ̶ͨȵսôħѪս
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ʤʥһȣ2Ĭһţϧ֮ܶȲһڶһɣҺĳԱڶ࣬ÿСʱ10ŶòöҲ10š
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ʵֹħѪ¾ħħˡʥûɵĸ壬йͷûʶʶȻѪ¾ħŰѪսǿȣȴֻܷӳѪս


ַѰǰľڡ
һɱħһĥַ岻죬˵²ȱǮҪֹɱħøѪɷϣҪġ
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СܿȻһDǵڵףһ˿ѪɣȴķáСܿɱԪ仯ʱ룬ضѪǿɣ
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Ѫɭһ֮ͬСܿĵ̣СܿδǰַɱħЧʣƽÿСʱ11ţΪĳԱˮ׼СܿÿСʱٶɱ20ţ30š
ܼ750ţƽˮ׼250֮ࡣ
Ĭң׬1500ڣ



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䣡
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ѪɷĵطϾĳԱѪɱ࣬ѪɱȻܽľҪ׬ǮʮоŸѡʥ۸񲻷ơ
ݣ߳亮̹ܣǻУǱ͸
˲ıѣħʥ顣
ӢˬӰ԰СԴģһ̷Ů˫ָһʮ׳ḷ̌Ũ֮ǵ̸ַѪɱ֣򵤵
ħٶ죬ֻҪסһ£һṥϹ
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ڣҵˡֱַӽ롣

Ѫɫǡ
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֮ӣȵʤһԵԣȻѪħħ࣬
Ѫʥļ۸񣬲ߡ
һʥ飬200Ĭҡ
һѪʥ飬1000Ĭҡ
ֻ൱ʥ5%׬ǮĻӣʵҪ󼫸ߣܼѪħʹʥľ޴׬ǮЧֻ½֮֮һ

Ϊʵĥ£ȴַս霡
۶УѪҺȼգѪڵʥѪħİѪս
ȻַһȴѪħǡ
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613 ̩̹ʥ
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䣡䣡
ÿκը֮ǳȭĹ켣âƻʮ㡣ֳһ֮ս׽ӡ
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619 ҫ֮սҲȥ
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647 
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649 ǿս
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651 ǿ
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653 ллĳʵ
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ĿǰյڣһڵˡİȴϤĸоٴϮһȴǴӹڰĸо򡭡
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Ǳ紦Ĳֻͬߡʥı仯
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޵ĵ׶ԲܣΪˮ齻ڣ¹ⰵȴ羮ˮˮ
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ѹͬĹⰵ磬ȴвͬĸо
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702 ϣ
ںϣΪ֡
һΪǿںϣΪںϣΪںϡ
ԽԽѣΪϾֲͬںϣͬһһŮٳԸƢֵ۵ȶƵ׳ΪѣҲһ𣻶Ըԯ޵Ůԣ˼۵ȶȻͬͻѡ
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ںϲһҪˮ齻ڣﲻĬȻܴﵽڶ׶εںϡ
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ϵѪ¶ɢһճģʹԭǺĵ򣬸۶ڸǡ
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µߵʵǿᣬȻԼиǿ
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սǵصĺճַкһźɫʡԶƮħߣַȻȣȻ͡
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һ̣Ƭ类ѩǣַ֮Ȼ
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703 ħ
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̲صİɫâ綾ʴ
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ǿҵĴ͸ʹÿһ裬ҼǿЧ֮䲻ϴ͸λãʹñ̶ΧиӶǡ
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ħǿɱЧ
˻֮ʹޱȡ
Ƭճеħֱð̣۰ǿ׳һ㱡ַ嵶֮Чǿйʱħϡ
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ŭħԣħ͵ת١
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ݣݣݣ
âذ׺Уһ׶͵кϣӴСַǰ⼱

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Уһ红ͯңңҽһ£ǷߣһڰУֳһɫâҹеǵ񷡣
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һ߲һ꣬ɫףԲԴûͷͷȴһɫӡǣһͷĿļһͷֻצǯš
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ħԶߣʮҲӽһɱ
Ϊַ̣к档
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ܻôħˣΣԴͣ״̬¾ԼܻɱϽħսľ޴֮ԪĻָ൱ƬС磬ÿʱÿ̶Σա
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705 Ѫǿ
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Ϥļ両ͷԼҲһͫħŮ¶â̱
ͫħ壬Ǻһ岢еĴԶħ֮һ
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706 ѡһ

٪޼Ϳʱİʳˡ
ѪȻĴڡŽޣȴнصĳʵ̫ʵܿԽһסˣȻѪ޿ƥеĴڡ
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߳·籩ԣȻһΰȴʱ䷴βƵطãѪ͵ſֱԹԹǿֲҧֻҪkҧסǿķǷ顣
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ĴΪֱ򦣬ʱһjһιȴֱӴ죬ûۼ׷ĺܡˣ޴ҡΣʹ
঵һơ
ոַǿеֵַʩչ⣬赲ײľ
ۣ
Ѫ£ַܴء
˰޵ĴۣˣǰǾ޴ӰȻէ֣һȴһӰ֣ɫϢһӲַȡʱ䡣
䣡ȴһбѪɡ
ǿ
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ġ
ÿˣԼص·صĵ
ҵĵǰ֮
԰뵶
ַ˵ģδ񸵺ѩԳ뵶ֵ֮һ·ǰ;ãʱõڣһ֮аսʹ֮Ѵﵽ㡣
ߣַĵ͸
ģͬĵһ֡
ַȻŵȴȻͬ
һŵѿǿս֮µľͻƣĵȻһ̨ף֮Ѹɢһδε뽣ģȭĽսַϤĲϤ
һ̣ûϲֻй
·籩ͬһУȴͬƣױȻǣַĵȴ˷ְɣ֮ǿ˿ڰޡӭƷϬһΡ
ַûˡ
䣡죬ۺƥľԱ͸霣ֱڣȴַķһ˫ͫȫǱ֮ɫ霵ܵġħ
ħ
ħ֮ѣͼ֮Ȼѡ
䣡䣡䣡
ַȫƣһδεıħ֮Ϊӽħ塣ǿսǷҶߴ޵͸һԵһҧȴŻᣬȴַͻȻıסˡ
ûɣ
һڼ࣬;Ž׵İ濹⣡
ã
ַ壡һǱȡ
ĳÿһַ嶼ڳܣƴ־ڳܣȫ͸֧
ӣ
Ǹӣ

ַ岢û裬֪ԼʲôħȷʹԸսȱı壬Ӱ䱾ģΪ־㹻ǿ
ҪɷΪ
û취
ҪԸͷİޣҪȵk񲣡
嵶
ʮ
ʮ
ַѼѻɢ
ǿеһַѸоڣħζȴ裬籾ķӦ־Ŀ⣬սǿҵĲַĵȽܻ棬һա
ٿĦȷãһȼգһβ͡
һ̣ںϣ
һ𣡡ַþӿһ
֮Ƭ񷣬磬־ķ񱬷£һַֻʣ»ͺڰεĴ߹õʧȥʶɢޡ
㣡
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708 ţʲôҪ
ַоʹ
ʶЩ룬ɳһУߴ޵ʽһ𡯣԰֮߼⡮Ğļ¹湥ȫѹʽ·籩
һ֮󡭡
žַ͵˫ۣѪ˿
ɢ˼ܣһƬնǷ粻ԼƵģΧһƬ׹âﲢǰ֮򣬶ǡ
֮򣿡ַ΢
Щ׷ʲôԼͰڰ֮ս
Ȼ󡭡
ˣԴַתͷټһӰЩףͷɫӡʮǼϵ˿ʧӰ
м£ȴԿ϶
Ƕţַꡣ
ԣšһ¶ĨЦݣţʲôҪ
ַͷʲô
һЦЦƬѪǿĴڣŷɥĹޡˡ
ܣ
ַ˼kǿƴȫսɵģȻûɱk
ôסһҡͷ޿Ǵصĳ޲Ƕ⣬ϴ֮·ǿһ֡ǵk̫ˣǵʱҪ
ܿ죬һһµʱΡ
ַϸ
ʵԼħΪֻ̣ƾһӲţȫɢȻȻʶ̮ǵǿҪԺЩʱա
jι˰ޡ
һۣһǺܣֻõk˵Ѫδ˼ʹð޸ǳ뱩ŭ˵ޣһһӲ޵İһǽkճһ󶴡
شޣ
Ȼִδ¡һַ壺ʱȫסˣشİһʹĿ񺿣ؾΪkҪ㣬ȴkתˡ
ʱҲŷ㣬ʧȥʶ
һ˵ǽңǶϵǷߣ类ɱˡ
ԭˡ
ַЦޣǹġ
һ̾ѣ鱿kʵû˵ֲħ˶սľĸӦسͷ޸ˣ֮ͨһϵʥ
ȷַ̾ٸkһԴ
붼ÿֲ
ȷʵΪİ

ַ͵
ĸѺָٶȼ죬ֱһػһ̾ѡ
̶һʱ䣬ѻָɡ
֣ٵһ졣ַ
ָܻ٣һַ壺Ҫǿշ
ַЦٸһָܻ˳ңʵ˳ʤǰһŻֻҪXó֣һܡûʱ䣬ַ֪Լ֮ڼ
ϻָһ죬ֻʣ졣
ʱ䣬̫ȡ
ҲҪһԸЩദ๲һս˴ѽ飬Ǳֶ֮ûսѣԼԺһԼ뿪֮
֡
֣ޡַԥ
޷ëǣϳɹѣס
ΪԼֵ޲
ֲھΣǷޣǱޡһ
ޣַ档
һָԼĶͷǰһеѪֻܷһֻɱޣศɣΪԶ޵Ѫʶħ֮֡
ַȻ
͵ĻβѩҲˡ
Ƕе޲ͬұֻһָ꣬һͷޣֻҪͷʼ
ϧˡַ̾
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һЦЦδ̫⣺˵ʵеȷܰ٣սʵΪ޻ޡǰһһصǺԶ׽ӵѪޣʱϡ
ʱϣַ
Լ֪޻ҪϣСʱмʳɹ
˵ô˵ܷɹһδ֪֮һ̾ϧڰһֻʣһˡ
ʲôôַ
һĿⶸȻɱXá
ɱ֮أַʡ
һԶһ٣ҡҡͷûˣŲûֻҪΪһ屨ɱXãⱲҲֵˡ
ַһ
һʵʹģΪıռݡ
ѡ·
һԸַɫƽȴ
ллһ¶һĨЦݡ



709 ͫħ
һ
ȥһɵ
ַһÖXûڰй۲ǣ
һԥ£Ը񡭡пܡ
ַȻһֱ벻ͨͻȻԭ򣬵еĖXöԣضڰй۲죬޵Ķս֪
һ˼ÖXò֣
ַ㣬֪ĵ˺Ͱƴ൱㻹ɱô
϶ᡣһҡͷ
ħ䵨죬ŖXòð˴ķգǡΪˡַ
һޣˣȻذ֮򣬖XöóȻ棻XþͻΪлɳˣһԡ
ַͷֻ˵лᡣ
أһü
ҽ밵ַ֮ͬ֡ضѪĹأʲôʱĴ֪һǴɱߵһ졣
һ˼

졣
XΪħħĶħˣͬʥߣظӦΣԴԱħҪĶࡣԽ뿪ǰѪɱԽ׷ɣɡ
ʱ򣬾͵ϮĴûᡣ
ߡ
ǖXãԽƻƣúù۲پַ֡ѪɱֲֹһԼXȻܵһѪɱ֡
Ȼڶ죬ħǿ߿
ڹ֮ħǿʵƣȻգɼħս֮ǿᣬ̰
ַֽ棬Ѽδʩչıʵ
߳ؿڴˣѪֱ
ϷȻȫס
䣡
һײַѪˡ
ħͬܣشº޺޶ַһۣٿƿȥһδ֣Ϊַ߳š̽ӡȥ棬Ļ֣
ַ˵ħ㹻
һһţ

죡
ʮСʱ
ַȻƽȶɮ붨֪Xüпܲ֡ߵĻ¾ԼôʲǶ֣Xòͬ
ħǿߣ
¶ݣΪĿĲϧһУħ˵ǿɳܵġ
Сʱ
һ˫кˮܵġ
ַ弴ȥƾһ˲ɱ˖XãһĻ᲻֪ҪȵʱʱһһȥһԶԶ±֣ϾXøӦ൱ǿ
ٿء
͵һһȻ
ĪоһϤϢ٣ڲԶ漴սǴ죬һоȫѪҺڷڡ
ˣ
ˣ
ڿϳˣһҧأವһȫٱ

ŽħXã
ٿһַѸӦܖXħĸʤһַ츳֮ҲھŽףʥ쳣ǿңԶַϵ˫ַͫ˲ʱ
ԶĴħ֮һͫħ塣
ԶĴħΨһһʢ˥ħ壬ħΪʢħġͫħΪ͵ΪգмһΪXգߵΪա
ӵԶħͫѪħ
ͫħΪħ𣬼һѪ󣬱ԖXգһݺϿɣһѪ˫ϡڶѪգΪͫħڡ
˫ϣͫ˫
ǵɫ
ַ岢ǵһͫħ塣
ͫǿӡ²ĥӡ
ǰϵ˫ͫгļ䣬ֱ֮ߣ
ȴҡ֡
Ϊַ־̫ǿ
Գڻþ֮Уȴֱģͫʥǵͼ֮صĺڶУһһлþǿ
ƣ
ǰþ羵ѣֱַԶ˲ķͫ
ĻþҶġ
ϵͫ˲ʱʧȴַԤ֮С
Ѽڰ⣬ַ繭֮ٶȫɱ⾪Ȼ
ӣ
ӲˡַĿȻ
֮Խսѡڹ֮һرˡ
ħǿߡ
˲䡪
霳
ɢǿսӿ˲ʱɢ
֮磡
Xð͹µԸнһ
򹿣XĿٱ˻һ֮͵ĴֳһƵĵˣXý߾ȫķ

Եģȴ񵶷ɣʵɱַ塣
ǿɱбַƣԿǖXַ籩£˲ʱشXãƺЖXɫҰףȥҧ飬ƻĺӴܣת˲Xȴɴ۾
ȥħŮXãӭһѹʮŭ
һ
߳߳߳
ֱӽX÷ʬҷ
ħĳ֣һС
ţַһ



710 յ
ָ
һöĴָ
žֽӹַ˲ʱȻħ˵ħǿ˵ʹĴָֻʹͨħ崢䣬޷Ѫ֮Уħĵħȴͬ
ϣXúʥ߲ûж
Ҳδ̫⣬ֱַ£ħ̰սϴûʲôöûЩħˣʥʥȵȣħĿޣ޵ʬ塣
һ·ջħ崢䳬һٸֵ1ĬҶûС
صħһЩطȴ飬޷
ৣ~һħ֣Լ贿ʥַ˵ϽħķֵĿʧ͵һַָᵯXõϽħֱӷһ

һתͷǰһסħģͫޱȸӡ
ɶ񣡡ҧأһ·þȫйʥӿħУʱâɣħ߳߳߳һʥʥâʱ䡪

ֵǵϽħģҷ
һյ㡣ַһµľ׷һ£ķоɲȻɣõһʧȥĿ꣬ǰ·һƬãȻ
ͬһ㡣

δһ
ַ֪ΨпһԼȥ
ÿ˱뾭һЩ飬ʧܲܳɹǶһ˵ʮ궼ڳ֮У˱ǷãǱȻġ
ϥַۣĸΧһС
ֻʣСʱԸ˷ѣƬ֮򣬸ŵضǿĽͬһ޴ԣɫǳһϣмǡԴġڡ
˵ġ
һУ˴󡣡
֮꣬鰵ʥʥ֮䣬ּǸйؼãұں鰵ʥʥҡ
ںϡ

ַ֡忪ڡ
һȻЩʧ
ַһԼδͨҲѹֵϾֻǶ̶̼Сʱһڳʮ˵ʱ̫ݡ

Ҫˡַ
ŶһĿͶлл
ַһЦ˵ллӦңʱİæˡ
һǻ¶һĨȻЦݡ
ΪԼһˣַ֡Ŀ˸к̣ܶ·ŸոտʼԼϲ£ſ飬ʱԼһƬСС֮С
ʵԶҪĶࡣ
뿪ߵ֪ͨҡַͷҶ뾡һа취뿪Ѫ
һס
ټˡַ΢Ц
˵䣬һʱʧӰ
һ˫նͫǱ֮ǰ˼ֹʡ


Ѫַһۼģ̬ӵϣһ˫ϵͫԼżΡַ֪һһϵ׷
ʥںϣԼ׷
Խϣһϣӳ
һջô˻ơ
СַһЦ
ն

ѪھŲ㡣
ֱַӱչأ˵ⲻ£ȴǿһ󲽡
ԭĿ꣬ĸĿ궼˳ɡһſħ壬Ϊͼգתһڶͼĳ֣ǿ츳֮֮ꡣ
Чʣʮ־ˡ
һʵȽףַһ
ɵģֻǸտʼ
ģкܶؾ硣
ģ統յĴѩһϣҫ֮սսӾ磻Ӹߵġ
ǰ͡
ַ
ڱ˵ĺͽû𣬰ȭˡ
һ֡ơһĵ

ȹ̵ġ
ַ忪ʼߴʽ
ʽء
ʽ졣
ɵĲܷӵļԺ̼ΣʽԶǰʽҪǿĶࡣ硢һ𡭡ȵȣŸ̬仯غȴֱ֡

ѡ
ԽѣԽǿ
ͬʱַʵȽҲڻ
죬֮굽Ｋޡ
죬ʥڰؼޡ
죬ʥؼޡ
죬츳֮꼫ޡ
һʮ£ַһͨߣʮε۷塣100%ȣ壬ֳһƷʥһֳһƷʥ
ַ˵ĬǿǴֿɼ
ֻǷһ
ںϣ
֮ǰҪ˶ϡ
ţͫħXõĴַָɴ۾𺧲ѡ



711 
һž޴ĵ
µ·̲ŨٱĴлŲװ֮
ཻ㣬һӦ
⣡ַΪ֮ס
ǰ׸ߵľ޵Ȼ١ҫм޵޵δ޴ǵ̲صϢǰֳһӰ
ֲ޴ͬȽȫ޵еľްԡ
ޣַȻ
òᣬǡ޵ĵɣ
ַš
ԽԽ
ǴصĳƿشѪɳĿޣ֮ԼͰԾʶϤ
Դһ㣬޿˵ûȱ㡣
̬츳Ѿܺʹ˵еԶޣԶַ꣬ЩǴ˵еĴڣֽڵ޺ޣֻǾԶһֵѪһ
ۺͬǶڡ
ŵǰ޵ĺᡭ
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ֻСʱ򣬷ſϳɹַüͷ΢壬һ˵ҪӵйͬɹʲŻߣҪϰޣʥ֮ʥߡ
Լֻа֮ʥͰ
ƥ䣬ϳɹҲᳬɡ
ϳɹԶޣֻ޵ʮ֮һҪϡǰ֮ʥƥ䣬ɹʹƵ͵ķָٷ֮һĿԶûС
ַЦ
޻һЩޡ̫ϡ
һԡ
ɹȻǺãɹҲ޷
ַ̹֮Ȼ
ջû̫󸺵
Ŀž޵ַ΢ȻһЦҪϡȵСƵУԼеõȡ
֪Ҫá

뿪ҡ
ŮѵȺʱһһãһģһ崿ˡ
˺ʹѩ
ڡַһŮ
ʱ£ӾѪͨŮ׾ٵĽĬǿߣ壬ҫ֮ĵĸʥں϶츳Ů˵ֻ˳ˮ֮¡
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Цæ
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Ҳǡ
漴һЦѩҺʹѩöǹ¼ҹˣûʲôҪǣҵģʦͲˡ
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˺Ʈ֣崿ĽһʹκһΪȻĶٿȡһ֧٣ַ壬Ƥգգۣ漴Ӷ۴
紺İȻȴȣ͡
ַ䲻֪Ǻ˼վš
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㲻ɣܸоõַ֪ۣһַ̡̲֮Ǽһ˱ǣʱ۾
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ѩ⡣
ĿԣַЩΡ
ִ粻ףѩ
šַͷҺսʶ͹һǲ֪ʲô˼
ѩһŮǻʲô˼
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ѩ˸˸˽ʦкӵҰҺޣִ˽󵨣ÿÿ欣ǣʵ飬ϲ͸ڱѰŮӲͬ˵䣬ѩ촽ɫӡ
ַЦ
һʱ䣬ʵЩȻ
᲻ǡַԥĿڡ
ᡣѩַ壬ղŵִûô
ַҡҡͷ
Լδ漰
ѩΪˡ

˶
˵ġסַҲ֪ηӦҵŮֱӱȥ硣ַ˵ƽľͬʱҲץʱ䣬δѪضطʮޡ
һΣء
ħֵȵţʮ쳹Ϊıǡħ֮Ѫɽڣַʮ޿νУ˲˲֪
Σ
ѪȾ˫֣
ʮ޿ʵʵ
ַֽ壬˭ǣ



712 ǵħַ壡
ǡ
ĳǳ֮һٲʢ
һݺύҵֵŶǵķ˸˰ҵ̹ɵƴڶгڣմ̻ᣬȴ֮⣬ΪׯȻɭϡ
Χ鼰һΪפأмǶȨ֧ߡ

վסڳΧĶʿס
صأ
ʿʮ㡣
װʽַȴǹĻ䡣׷ɱֹһΣӳɽǿʼٵУģⶫ
ôʿȵ
ﲻĵء

ַ֡
鰵ʥһֱ߱ɱһʿԻĸʿδӦһɲ޲鰵ʥڣ屻ڰɡ
˭
󵨣
ԶѲߵһӶŭ𼲳۶
ַƽ죬ǼХڼ޵ʥǿ߶ֱӻɱοЩСඡ־˻էȻȴ˲š
ֻһɲǣȴһǾ졣
ַޱ飬Ȼ롣

˽Թġ
ףӲ˸ϵЩʿ̫ԩ𣬵Ҳǹ
ˣǾɱ
ʴֶַ˵ңԶ
䣡䣡
δַĹȴ쳣ǿᡣ
Ѫɽʬᣬһ֮С
֮ĶʿһƬƬʬᾡ
ַ壬ֱָ
ħ
ѽǵħ
군ˣɣ

ܿ죬ַ㱻ϳ
ʮ޴ˣһʿǱӣǱ̸ܹͣҳϣ϶ԶĵħǴģֻǳƥ֮¡
ʮɱ񣬵ڶŶˡ
ħַ壬εȿֲ


һЦӯӯľ衣
Ƕصһ⣬ʦԺæһۣ϶˰̣ݵհ͡ˣɻǱסȨλ
š˵һüˣͷҲ
ϣȫס
Ϊжڱزȶ֮λ̸УȡҰĲֻڳ֮λһܣĸߣ
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оſյ֣̣̽ͺ޲ɱͣ䱻ɱڶϴһգɽŵ泩
ħַ壬ҫ֮սǾҫǰаסü˺ȫĿ˸Ҷ˲ţ˵۶ޣ㽫ʮкѡ
ħַȷʵ̾
ԺвֳһͬΪַ塯ӰȻʧЦһַ֮ʱʵһͬһ׷ɱǸ꣬ͽַ塣
οַ̫ͨûһҲаǧ
أЦʲôȫ
ͽ뵽ʱɱǸСӣҲַ壬׷ɱһʱ˰ɣʬ޴档
ȫͷҶ
üͷ΢΢һأȫҫ֮սǵħַ壬ᣬ밽г𣬻ǡն׷ɱСӣ
һ㶣Ŀ¶ȻɣСӵʱֻڣ̶һʱûܽôɣ
ȫҲǡ
΢΢鶯ǿЦİʦֻӦãӦ
䡪
ˣˣ⴫ʿһŵ
͵תͷйɲԤȽ
̣
ʿڵأˣħǵħַ壡
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713 ô
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714 
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715 þò
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718 и
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731 ҫ

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734 ˣ
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743 ˣҪô
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746 
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ΪפظĻ䣬Ǳκ˶ؾеѡ֮ҪؾΪ˷ؾеޣԽЧԽѡ


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Ϣռۺַ̧ͷһƬʣ˫ȭüͷչȻѹȴȫޣڣֱ͸ġ
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ԼǳƷƷʣǿʣʥ߶ԲСĲ֣й֮ͳԽǳһƷ̩ǳȣȴ֮
ٶȣҫСӶҰɡַһЦ
̩ǳ̫졣

ܿ죬ַһߡ
һϵʥ֮絰ǰϸ΢ռ䣬͸ŨɫԪأ֮б˫Чѡ
ǹܼ˵ġȪַͷ
ԼΪȪˮʵ˼ԴȪ
Ҫҹ⡢ףȪ֮һԡַ岢δѰңؾ֮Ȫʤ˾л⣬ؾһ㶼пࡣ
ܺãҲܲ
ַҵʮȪȫˣŵһн֮Ȫһ֮Ȫ
ƾĳԱںϵʥлֱںϡַ弲Ƭɾ֮أѰңܹȻ֡
ٿȻ䣬ַͣ¡
̩Դ㼫µգ̩ǳɢһ̩ȫΪ֮Ȼһ¡ʣоǿɱ䣬ַΪ֮⡣
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춼áַԼҲȻʧЦ
Ǳǳһ㶯ûУ̩ǳѵףֻ˼Сʱ
ҲȪҲĽסַ泩֡


һһ졣
ַʵȫľ̩ԴһͷĹޣѾֻߡÿһκܴ޴ӿ塣
һ죡
ӽ𣬲ʮСʱʮСʱ
Ľסַ겻ѡ
ʱǳڶһؾ롣
ַȻĴӣŹκһɲȻ֮һֱɽ֮䣬ಣಣַɽԶԶѼһԴȪӰͣ䣬ַȴҡͷ
һˣȻǹ⡢һ֡
ŨĴϢǡȪַ˼뿪ȴԼİسܽȪٶȻǡ
Լı壬㲻ȪҲν
Ѿ죬һٶȲ𲻴󣬵԰˵ȴһܿɹɱַ̡ȪŨĴۡ
ֻѡ
ò˶ãܵһƿѡ񡣡ַ屾ͷ漴ʼ
֮·
ֻ֮·



747 Ǳ
ڴȪ
ؾĵڶ죬ǳһڶףǱȽϡٶȣ˵ƾʿУٶϵȡ
ʥߵַʤҶһ
ʥĬ紫˵еľƷʥ
ʥҶ࣬ϾгһƷͫѪӳɣϴСľ࣬һ綼Ƿëǣʶƾͬǰ;
㣬Ҫַϵԡ
ѪģԴȴǺɣԼƴ̩Դ¶ɣͬһͷԶ޵ѡǳڶ׺ûã̩ǳס
ԽԽѣ££Ҷܿʥڡоͳӯַ֮⣬ͬʵ̩ǿЧҪ
ǰǣ㹻ս

ϲһؽһء
~~ȪڣȵĴΪգͬ޵ʵǿڵΪգԼ̩Դ㣬Ͼβء
ΣѾֲܿ
岻ϳɳ仯ɸԴĸӦԹ⡢׵ĸӦҪ֪岻ΣʮӦɱ䡣
Ѫδѡ
߻һ·ǰǿ󡣡ַϸףʵԲ赣ĽףȫԶҵ磬ѵһʱ䣬ƽȶȹ
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ַ£֪Ĭǰѣʶʦһ·ʺϡüͷ΢šַ岢δֻǰȥѯʺؾ
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ĬǣƳǻ֮·ֻҪȹǰڲʵΪ죬ӵбǿ壬ΪڸԴԼϰ㲻Կ
֮·˳Ӧ;Ѫǿ֮ģһ·սһֱ൱뺷ȱźٶȻԽԽ
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ʱڣͣͿ쵽ޡ
˸ʱ
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ԺһֱѪȻֲǿΣղһԼ㱻ɱͷ޵ǿӡڼ֮Уһͷ֮·İޡ
һѪѣѾ޽ޣӽԶޡ
ΨһǷȱģޱԴ
ձ·ߣһ壬Ĵױȣ֮ȴһں϶ɵĵԴ㣬ضȲ̩ŵ㡣
֮·ͬǿľ壬βƲϷŴٷŴ󣡡
˵ĬƳ绯֮·Ĭֻȼ2.9ĺ֮ϻ3.0-3.9ϵ4.0֮ĺڶվʱλ¿֮·δǿ֮·
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ˡַȣڰմޣֲľͷţӿ֣Ѫµǿᣬʹ˻Уչ˵һε
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ҫˣҫء
ﲻҫСӵľס֮أоǿߵפ֮ء
ֻ32λ
ƾ3λƾ
ֱΪؽκԶ˪ҫдȨΪʲôؽһ仰ɣַ֮±׾ڹȥȻϸǿǴ¡
˵СأʮǸСһͦעġƾУκԶꡣ
ǱؽĶַĿ佱
˪һ̷Ůɫȴ˪ؾѾ죬ѪΪһƷס
ؽͷֻǲ֪ǵһξѣǵڶξѡ
˪ӦǵһΣڵڶξѪĺ١
κԶҡͷҿãʮ޵ѪȽǳξѿԺܴһξѪǿֻǳһƷޣһƷסƾֻˣÿһǳϼӵܡ
˪ǵģƾѪһƷޣǳһƷͨ½ǸҶľǳһƷͨ
κԶǺЦʮܳһһƷɲס
ſ֪ˡؽ˵ʱθǿ
ʲôκԶɴ۾ܣ
˪ĿҲЩ졣
ؽɫȻ



748 4000ֵ
˳ɱ޻ʡ
Զ޻ʸӴ屩һ׶ǵĽ׶Σ޺屩ǾͻὥֹͣʱתΪ屾Եǿ޽׶Ρ
Ѫ
ԶѪǿ󣬲ֹҪӴɣҪ㹻ǿǿ֧š
~ɴʵ޻ʺٶȱӦ½ȴ㲻Ӱ죬˿ڱٶȡ
ʺ츳ַȻһЦ
Լڣ̥ڣҲǿ죬ͰȴС׼סЩ츳׵ģӣ18λҫǰλ׾ͻĬҶģ²17ѡ
ڡ
ҵ츳Ӧܸˡ
ַ΢ȻЦ
ȥԼʵȽѽӽס
Ѹ١

ؾ
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̩Դ֮ǿĿַ࣬ܿʵûϾַ츳֮ͬĬǱǿʥߣȻ޷ʵǺؽ಻ܡ
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֪ǳƾʿѾ̳̩ǳȷʵûıȡ
ԴƷʣ֮Ӱܴ
һƷ׵ѪѾӦҲϣԳԳһƷ޵ѪַλؾսֵĵڶΪѪֻؽĳһϸ
һƷͨΪ2000
һƷ׻Ϊ3000
һƷ޻Ϊ4000
һƷ׵ѪԶδҵļޡ
һƷѪܿԳųɡַ̤ؾ˵ĬһξǿѪǳһƷޣ£
Լ壬֮һ


ˣˣˣ
Ѫֱ͸йѪַԲңά֮ƽܷܵסһѼ򵥵˿ӡ
ԣַһơ
Ѫ֮ǰȻ޷ԼѪһʿҪƶһڹӣȴ˿ܱƶһĻͿܱһδۼӡ
죬Ȼܲס
ڱ˵죬ʮַ嶼аա
ȵؾɡַһ΢ؽÿһһȪĻܸܵҪɡ
ѰҴȪ

ҫˣҫء
κϲκھʿһˡ˪ޱ˵
ǲģֻˣЦ
û뵽СһκԶЦŵͷѲϲκҺͬεţһֹʮǿû뵽ӱ
ؽ˵սѪͻȻѣʵͻͽ
ڵĶξѣɱƷͨѪκԶ¶֮ɫСһȻСöΪ˲ʹԭͻ¾һ
˪κ㱾ʵͲףھŽףѪξѺھʿһʵɱһƾʿϰս󣬾ܽƾ
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ˣκԶȴκϧ֮ɫ䷴͸¶һ˿˿ԺΪ硭
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Ŷ˵ѪиϢ˪
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˪һظ翴ϵǸʮˣؾ
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ؾ
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Ҫ١ַһЦؾ͵ؾֻǳһƷ޺ͽ׵ĲʵܶࡣһƷ׵ѪǰһξѺͶξѵߣһƷ޲Ȼ
֪ĬǵһѪƷǡ
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4000ַ֣֮֡Уʣµżϰսжʮ졣ҪѪƷõ4000֣ڵؾ졣

ؽĵڰ졣
ַȥ-80ļսʣ-20ļܶԱʱ֮衣죬̩ǳҲͻƣʶǳ׺ַ뿪
4000ֵ֡
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749 ǳ֮
ƾأ111š
Ʒʥ50-500սַüͷ΢ء
ǵĴˣҫ˵չһΪ۵ɣҪǿĿǰʥͨϡȱ̶ȣĳ̶ȵȾܼҹ˵Ʒʥһ200սϣλ300-500սƷʥ1000ս
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ʥĶһ۸˽⣬ʮޱʥ۸عϾֲϿʯ߼࣬ʥߣʵҲԶʤʮޡ
ƷƷʥ۸ĵ͡
Ʒϼ۸ʼ׼Ʒʥһ۾10000սϣԼʥ霡ǺеʥֹҪ10WϵսҪҫȼ
ȴƷʥֱַȡʥǵħάáܹƷʥ߼Ʒʥʥʱ׼һʥ۸ʥͣʥԼá
ʥǶá
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Ҳһ൱֡

195ս248ս336սַǰƷʥ
ҫ˵ĹۣԼԤƵҪ͡
Ĵˣҫ˼ĽƷʥʹû⣬̫ã¼ӹñȽϸߣֻܸƽ42%չܼۡҹĵ
һضȦӳǰʥҫ˹ۣϾҫ˵Ĺ൱ߵġ
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ҫ˳۵ʥһ㶼¼ӹƣ֤
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аɵļ۸񣿡ַʵ
ܼҹһӣ֪Ծ˵Ʒʥ;ʥû̫ǷǷࡣϾʥʲô䶯ǴһֱõϣȻʥȦﷴܻӭ
ַš
ҲǣʥܶʱΪãױ̭
ҫ˹۵ͣ󷴶׬
ٸʥʮƷʥƷʥȫҹȻˡַܼҹģȫԶˣܼ2%
лˣܼҹϲʤ

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Ҫʱ䣬ԣռ䣬ǮǮһ¡
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СҲȫۣʥԸĳɰ۸⣬Ǹɣܼ3593սܼҹĹֵüҼ価ϲ⡣
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һַŻɫսʯųɫսʯʣġ
~
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ȻֻǶ21սҪ֪ƾʿÿ¼˶ȶûô࣬21սս21򣡵ƾܼҵٺ»²׬õô࣬˵Ѿ72ս
ˣҴˡַ
ǣˡܼҹĵ

ӵ3500ս
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ǳ֮ơַһνؽ磬̤Ƭɾ֮أ棬ʣµʥʥá
жʮ죬µ׻
ڵĽȣǰʮûʲô⣬4000ֳ50Ҳֻ80ս80սܳǰ30450030ܵ150ս300ս
ǰʮ𣬽ԽԽࡣ
ǰʮսĽܵǰʮ
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лᡣַĿ⾼
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ʲôϡ棬ǶѪѵĳһƷѪѪҪѣ϶ǿ
ûǾеһκ㲻ҲôڶξѣɱƷͨѪ϶ַѪѹһȰˣξѲųһƷޣһץһѡ
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ַУκεطٲۺˡ
һν벢ǵؾһѡ߲ε쾳һȻĿעУַӰʧ
Ҫ֪ԼѪ塭
ףʲôƷ


750 Ϊǵ
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ৣৣ
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Ϊˣַ岢ż֮˵Ծ׵˵ǿھǼޣĬǵ˵ĬǼޣʵϱĬǸǿȱȽǡ
ѪļޣһξѾֹһƷޡַ尵ݡ
ûڣ

ַ壬ڼ֡
һؾ쾳д죬֤Ѫ
Ҫǰʮƽ־Ҫﵽ5000ַǵúĿǰƾ20ս5012֣30ս4478֣Ʋ࣬ȴƽֲࡣ
Ҫƽ500֣ס
Ͼǰ30ƾξڸ涼ҫʿƣʵȽױһƾʿΪھŽף4500֣ҫξʥ׾6000֣ʥ7500֣ǳʥھŽס
ȡ10000
޴ࡣ
15ҵַоԼڹ鳲ϵ־ᶨԼڵһؾȪĻߵ˱ңѡ⡢֮һȪܴﵽ1215ڹ쾳
Ȫ15
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ͬǾƷͨѪҲи֮𡣡κԶȻ˵ַѪǿ࣬Ѫǰսǿᣬڽ£ս໹ǿԪġ
˪ͷսδؼκ㡣
κԶЦκСһеʶھ꣬Ҳ̩Űºϰƾܿǰé
Ҷַκߡؽ
ޣκԶۣҶκߣעôСأ
10սµ׽ҷؽȻڣκԶ۽Ǵһţźؽ˪֤
á˪

ַ壬Ǽ
һѰģӦڶ췴Ӧַ࣬ڵѰٵһ֮Ȫ15ٶһԾ30
쾳ĵ죬ɹ߽ס
ٶȿʼˣҲΪʲôַһѡ֮Ȫԭ򡪡
쾳̫
ؾÿһֻ10ս쾳ÿһȴ100սһ쾳һ100սѾܹһƷʥƷʥ
3500սֻ35졣ַҲΡ
³һһ졣
ʮģȵٽµʱ㡣ַץʱ岻֮⣬ÿʱÿ̶ôʮ־񣬵鳵ûݲ
Ȼˣַȴ൱֮á
Ϊ֪ԼһξѵѪƷǳһƷޣǡ
Ʒͨ
ΪǵˡַһЦ
ĬǵļޣȻԼ޹ء

30
ַ̩Դգ̩ǳ׳ԶԶǳٶ߽׵˽ףʱ䣻ڰ˽׵Žףķʮһʱ䡣
~³һַͫ
ҫ֮ǰʤһ쾳ʮĲ̩ǳǳҲףٶ֮ȫҶģȴΪ㹻սġ
1900սôûˡַЦ
Լʣ1600սȷﳬֵʮʱԼôҲ벻һ£Ѿ̤ھŽףʥڽһ֮ң
ǳԴáַվо̩Դǿᣬкȷ
Լ̩Դ㲻Ǵ˵еľƷҳɿǾףǾͨ
Ǿޡַ뿪쾳
ޒȻһЦȴԼҲš



751 Ŀ꣬ǰʮ
~
ַ̤쾳֮⡣
ѪƷս֣һƷ4000Ʒͨǡ5000ַͷսԼûյıѪƷʵȽףѪƷ˳5000֣ʵȽΪھŽףͬ4500֡
30ս4478û⡣
20սְǰ5012֣ڶ5200ҡ
ַԲΪֻԼһڽ
սֱϾƽ֣ÿ100ףʵһһս5001000ƽ100200
Լսֶ
κǿ10000⡣
СԣǿĽ磬Ļ֡4000ߣ5000׿Խߣѣ֮ΪֻأĻֽڽߡСܽڶֻأҲ6000֣Ŀꡪֻͨ
7000֣
ַĿ⾼
ˣԼֱܷܴﵽ26500ƽ
5300֣

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˵ʮһͽ쾳ʮˣ
ǻ1900սôôս
ȨƵ˶ǣǾһκ㣬Ҳ쾳ôԾʿξ˵սܱ󣬵ƾ˵ǧսԲ
ޣؾκģ
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쾳һâΧȻַһƳʿ
Լ֪ӵоƷͨѪľʿࡣ
һ÷ͷ꣬Լ߲࣬¶Ұްս⣬һͷѪҰǡ
ƾʿͬʿսĥ£սĻս飬ƾʿǿһЩֻ÷ͷĿȴһ˿εĵ⣬ַ֮ɻ
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ΧʱһƬȻ
κ㣡
٣кϷˡ
Ҿ˵޷粻ˣؾκĴĿ϶档
κ㣿
Ծʿַ˽ⲻ࣬³ʮʱҲǰʮ֣бڰ˵Ҷκ㡣̶̶ʮ죬κ㾹ھһ
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ȻҪԭǡµԼԣκ̫
㣡κһʱðɡ
ث֣
Ϊʮ޳жͷۣԭһ޵࣬Ǹеκ㰺ͷ׹¶в룬ơ
Ȼַȴ뿪
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СȥܼҹĹ

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ϾܼͨǸȦӳ۵ģܼԼˣʶԼ˶ٻöսǹڡȻַҲںϾֻ3500ս
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Ҷԥָǧ
ܸԭôַҶġ
⡭ҶǵЩ졣
û£ֻһ¡ַһЦ漴ȡһŻɫսʯ1000սţʮʣ1000ս
лллл㣬ָ磡Ҷĸмǵͷ
˵űǼҴҶȥ
ҶȥӰַ˫



752 ˽֮ˡӴ
Ҷļսʲôã
һƾʿ˵սʵıǮؽҪսʥʥҪսҪ͡Ҫ£ַ֪ҶԸΪЩ
ΪȺˣ
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Ϊ壬Ϊ顣ַ̾ʵѺ֮ҶͨѲ࣬Ͼһ겻Ϊ֮⣬Լ벻ܡ
ܼҡַ
кηԸܼҹĹ
·101ءַ
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770 Ů˻ǿ
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Ҷĵĳŵ900սǻֺϸ߾ʿĳŵ
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ǿ߳ŵõö࣬ΥŵҲ࣬5000սʮ50000ս
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5000ս࣬ͬһؼ50000սνַС֮С
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԰գַҶ΢΢һЦתȥ



772 ȷһ²ô
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ǿʵܼ򵥣ƾξĹ׼6000Ĺ׼7000ƾĹ׼8000
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սһ̷ģԽԽǿҶĵĻȡ
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Ǵַ⾳
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⾳1սһΣʱһ¡
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̻ĶֱԴ⣬1ս1ؽĻѣֵһᡣԼĿǰսһ365⾳Ҳɳʮꡣ
˲١ַһ·پξƾʿ
һһվϥ˼ڵϻʲô˵Ѻѣ˵Ҳף͵Ҫµĳͬܿһ͡
۶⻹⣬ͨ⣬⣬ʵǶԱԴһڹ͡
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ʵ͵ĿƼơַԴһǿ̬Ƽܣ̫ܣܣ仯ɸַʽĶһӦá
ЩӦ÷ʽʵ͵ڸΰ⡣
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ĿԶΧһʯǰһַ岻Ǳȥ



782 ʥ֮ʯ
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ַϥ̸Ϊκǿ߽߾⡣
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˭ԼսݽұľսѾۻСӻôþսһء
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ǿߣʵףԪǾξȴݽʵξҪĻ10000սȷʵȴ
졣ַૣʱĺܿ졣
ҫ֮·ʸսԽԽ



783 ΪҪ㰡
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˵һֲᣬַֽӹʱһּһ֪Ůдһҳдź͵ϣԸ似óһӦȫ
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Ļν˵ַܿͨ
һһӡԺᣬַĿ30һҳٶѸٷǰǵһӺͣϸҲܼߺͶֱ֣ĺӺӡ
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ʮӾϣļԲ©Ҫ֣Ժһһ両֣ÿһӶӦϵҪԶԭߵļʻ1%-5%֮䡣
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ΪսָߣкܴһĻ֣սδӮ
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ǰַ̹ȻһЦȴǱݸС
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뼯ʱҲԽԽַһĵȴٿȻϤϢѹǳ֣ɾС˫ޱȣ˫֡
ʱ䵽ɾĿһɨ̧֡
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üҼ価ԼȣַĿȥǼæĹŽôһɲ֮䣬
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ΪˣʱûС
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56ɾٲŽһۣ漴Ҳȥ
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785 ߼ģ
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һǰҫ֮սȻĿԼı֮һġǴ֮š
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ԶģӴǧ򱶣޾ĥ£޾Σ޾Եӱܳɾ͡
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Լµֱӽսȥھõ˫̭50˷ֳھսռսÿȡǰˣ󽫵һʧܵĲ߽дսȡˡ

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֮ǰĽԲʳԶʣÿһһöȾѫ£40Ⱦѫ¡ɾɨˣЦ50һȾѫ£

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ҫо޴ã
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һߣǹԼսĻ棬ӰƬ㲻زһδѭ
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ϴЦݣԡŨ֮ͷź͹һˮι㡣ַĳ֣ʱʯɢ


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824 һɽһɽ
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834 
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ȻǡַЦҡͷ
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835 һ
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СӣԼʥߡ

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ַԣħһֻͨѪħ壬ڻս˼Ӿ磬ڶħǿǰͺ̵ĳпʼһԭʼħ塣

һԭʼħԽԽ࣬ħħֱԭʼħһһ֡
ħ壬ԽԽס
ѪϼӾ磬ȴħǷ񣬺ηǰ塣
׼ˡַɫأȵʮԪħĴħ֣ɱͻῪʼ
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836 ֮
ʮԪħ壬ҫ˵ƾǵĴħ൱СӵĶԱ
һԭʼħ壬ҫ˵ľ
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Ҷĺ˽棬һѺ۵ذս


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չյַѴ׺΢żֻǷȱһ֮ǰǹܼǰͨ죬ʮͬڶͼ¼ϾⲢǰ׺΢а⡣
30%ַ
ؼļأһͼ¼Ҳֻǵ60%
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ԪԷ˷ƵĵѰַ壬̡
ħ˧ˣһʥСǰԺΪһЦ
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ԪԵŨŨŭ
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ԼҲ˲䱬֮Դ˳ѣ25%Ĺ֮Դ´ࡣԪԿΰǿ׳ǰսߴ䣬֮оֱ͸ĵףַһ
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ȴ֪ںδʵѾǿεȵز
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ԼĿ꣬Ķ£򼴽ٵĵߴδ

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ڶҫСӡַ尵͵һҫСӲͬӰĵڶҫСûʥߣսҪͬһܸЧʵնսֻǡΪֻǧһˣ
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ַ۷սħռݾϷ磬ķʮԪħ壬ĴԶħĵԭʼħǺɨ̬ѹ
ҫҪˡַ̾
Լ㣬ƴȫҲûؾƵĿԣκһԭʼħܻԼ
ߣ¹֮Դ̩ʥʣ޼
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ƳǰԺؾΪ׵һǿ翹ʥħ롣Ȼȴ۵ؾɫҰף鱩Ⱦͬɫѿ
ƣϤı쳹Ԫ粻ħ١
ս컡ȣǿӿԪ޾ŭߴӵըѣһ֮ʥ鲻ؾѪشྫͬ˲ᡣ
ЦԪ񲻿һ
ڴʱ
ţַ֮һ͵תͷ



844 Ԯ
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УַȻתеӰѸٳǰȴȸӳӡ
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мַһ
ġеͷδӰʧֱǰȥ
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ΪгֵʱԣսΪ֮Ӧ͵ڶҫСͬʱǣȸӳӶڡٿַɫһ䡣
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ֻɲʱ䣬ߵӰܿǳ֣ͷȸӳԼӣŮŸɫս׵ߣΪһŸӣ΢̵°ĸ߰һѳɫѪĽʣɢŨϢ
Ŀ磬Ƴַ壬ӶȻͣ
ôˣҴˣȸӳҲͣһŮ˳ųҵĿ⾪ﲻַ塣
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ৣৣৣ
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ԳҴΪ׵С൱ֲΨһĳʥں췢˰꣬ͬʹû֮ԴⲢʲôǴñӿž޸ײĺֱԴ
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漣԰
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ȻһЦС漣԰ɲСǶӳҺ͸ӳѻס漣ʥʸ漣԰ǿ֮ܳΪ漣ߵĲˡ
ַ岻ԣ΢Цͣ漣ߣָǿߣλɳΪ漣ߣֻҪ漣԰ܻס漣ʥʸǿ漣߳ƺζļʳ99%
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Сӡַ˫ͫ˸
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䣡~Ƚһ޴ɫУһ·ܽ춼ɵĿħǿ߽١ͬǶԭʼħϢȴԪħ˧ҪǿԶħ嶼ѵ룬ٵʣµħ塣
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漣ʵȫѸٽС
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ϸϸ⣬ʵϸǶַ֡ĸʾϾ˶Ѿй顣
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⣬սʱҪκ֣ΪԷҲ飬ȥоΪĺݣɱⲻŨԲŲ̭ɾĿͶҲǿЦ
ȥһβûо顣
˴ΰɾó˵ȻΪղ䡣
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878 ̫棡
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ʮսһ׶ε̭ʮ߷ֳʮ飬׽ɱÿֻһ˻λʸаӵǿߣֱҫһˡˡԤѡھĬǿߡ
˴ǿߣһ顣
ʮ飬Ϊûǿߣʶǽߵ飬Ҳ׳
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879 Ҫλ
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~~
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ΧɱԴ幹ɵʥɲǼոҫޱȣ׼ľعâʥΪԴ㣬ٿسâ罫һڡˡ
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Ĭ壬ƿطķɻ塣ַ尵
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880 ǲҪ
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Ϊ׵ĺڷЦ޼ɵоԲں
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881 ܸǿ
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дȴʧΪӡΪһ塣
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882 ǧ
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ʶԺ޷ӳ뵶еľ裬Ψ򷽲ѡ
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901 ҺƲ
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Ϊϣһʾ׵սÿΪʤͻԼĹ
ߣҺƲ𡣡묘ĮȻ



902 Դ֮
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һȻǵһʵǳսսʤԤλĹϣַС䶯ʥȡַս
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ɾʵδزãսһ100%״̬սһ֡
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ȻһЦ״̬µҲаӮ¡
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903 й
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˵ԴȪй֮Դ󣬰֮Դ󣬷֮Դȵȡ
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ʶ磬ƬٱĹ֮Դ󺣣ǰԼһɳһҳǰСƬǱԴ󺣵Ĵ緽֮أ̲صĹ֮Դǰ羪ˡ
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904 㵹ù
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Ŀڶţ̭ʱԨ֮𡣡
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905 ʲôʱ
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Ґ޶Ґޡ묘һ˫Ŀƣֱַ壬˾Ĳκ۹ղŷʲô˵͵ġɡһҪħĻǣȻ̫ǿȴû
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906 ƣ
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922 
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923 һص
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λĵĳɼΪӮ˰ɾĿأ֮ΪͽһҲҫ˵Ĺ֮һһ˲ʧصҫˣҪǿ߳䵱档
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κһ֮ͨʥߣ붼ÿ¡
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Ϊʥʨһʨʨޡ
İĽǣڶİƥ˹һʦﳤǡʥﳤӵʮǧͨͨʮǧ磬н䡣
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ǲǺϤҶЦ
ַͷԪسǵ׼ϵͳ
ҶţԪÿ궼ѡγ͵˲Žͨ츳֮ıҲǻߵģһߴ17%ڶﵽ19%
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ΪҪһܵɸѡҵʸľӢҶɫͨȻ񼣣ͨѲܾ츳֮꣬ûͨMͰͱ׹ŹôѪнľӢԸΪ
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̶̲ͣǰ˸âֻſַǰһͬһ¹µĿѧоԺʮôԶʤǰ
Ԫ˧Ҷīͷף񼫼ѡ
һһŮеһɷ۾âַ御Ƿĳ֮ɫŮĴһ۾ľ΢Դ͵Ƴַ壬ʮֺߡ
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忪ڵԺ֮ǰ֪ͨĿ׼ˣ
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930 ޿ռ
Ǵ޿ռ䣿ʵ
ǵģĿʤ˸ģȡдϽģݣѾһʱ䣬ѵľͷӿ̾硣īͽȻ⡣
ַ޵
ʤ˺ľһеţһ
˲غƫòͬʤ˶εĿƼȤľóƼĹˣศɣǻĲɶõ˲š
ԼĿгɹ϶Ǳݵż϶ʤ˶ʱֵĺǺɵЦ
ģ⼫ܵģҶ
ŭʤ۷⡣
ַȡ
δڣҶȷʣԤĿǰֻôģµģ
ֹѣʤࡣ
Ҷüͷһأīܻôôֹܳʤ㡭
˵ȥַϡ
Ԫ˧ǲ֪Ϊ棬ԼδﳤǰҲ
ʤ˸мַһۣҽĿǰʯϢδܣżʷżݵؿǺʯı仯Ͼãг80%׼ȷԣǧǰĿǳҺܿǵڶ
šַһ
ʤ֪ϲɳԲ߲ݵķ飬ʮǰʽóĹܣǰģ⵽ŭҲǵڶһΡ
渵ַϸʤֻƾԼƶϣȴоݡ
ȷʵΪ½ѧͻ֮һ
٣ŭַૡ
ʤͷҽΪһΣʮεʵ飬һӦвԻ򣬾ʯӦҲֻǽ̬ƻ֧飬ޡ
Ʋ⣬֮ǰӦ൱棬Ϊοأȫƻʤܻˣһӱˤµأһķѣˮһء
ӣǵ򡣡
ˮ
ʤ˼һƬδɷĩ򾭹޾³ճһ𣬵еˮѾûˣˮζݳޣֻвƬϵˮӡ
ĺ棬ַͷƶϳһδܣ
Ԥǳһ׶ΡʤɫȻܿǵڶҽڶҲΪ׶ΣֱǴĩգյδпǴ׶ΣֻߡĩǰΡ
Ϊʲô׶ΣҶʵ
ʤ˳Ϊڶ׶Σš

䣡
ڽȻ
ʤ˵ⷬԴƶţʦԺһء
ҾܶѼãģ⣬϶ʤ˼˵ı飬촽ݣԼרעķ棬Žµִš
㡣ַ΢Ц
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ȴֽäĿӡ
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ޣԡʤЩɻתϵͳѺϽɫâһȲԲͨһ˳롣
100%ģ⣿ַ
ʤ˺ԥԣҪҹرͨڡ
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Цɣ

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ֻ޿ռ䣬൱ĿܱһּΪĲϣַᴥ첻ѣȴǷʤǼԪسԴMSSSϵͳ
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ģʼСİȫʱ׼ֹͣ
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931 ô
վڳѺϽϣַɫƽ
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ȻԼԿƼ治ôóľۼϱѹһ̣гڼµѹڱ˲ٶȾȵܡ
ƼͬܵΡַ
ֻһ֡

50%
60%
70%
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ʱʤ˺ѱˮʪĲִв°ٴΣаʧ󣬵ƽĲĿ¡ȴǻˡңǻĹŹ˵еĴ

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һʲôأһ
ҶҲǽޱȣַ֮ǰǻûӲ˵㤵ĳ˵ĿֲֻǵһһΣ
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˼Ƚֺ£Ǵ˿ڴ޿ռ顯Ǹǡ

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ĽŴȾˣʱһɴ۾ʱөĻϵֳâ100%޿ռϷֲܼڵķ¡
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һΣڵͬʱ
һεɵ۵120%

ַ˫־³ֱ΢ô絭ʧʤĿɿڴʱַٴƣʾģǿŭ

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Ŀǰǿߡ
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һ൱Сڣ൱ڴڣʤƲĳ൱ڹַ⣺ѺǼϵȵΣȷܻ򡣡
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ƣʮ򣬰ƵĹͬʱ併٣䲻Ĭǣ򡭡
ֻһͨСǡ

Ҷ૵
Ӳ˵ġ૵֮ǰַ˵Ļ˴롣˵ַס򣬴漣
ʵס
Уʲôɵġ
̫ţˡʤ˼ַ尲ȻԽ૵
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Ȼַ΢ȻһЦʵﶼĴڣεεģССֻǹɷʽͬˡ֮飬Ȼͨøǿ˵ʵ㹻ǿʱһܹ򡣡
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˵Ƭ졯ַĲͬǲס



932 򣬾
ˣ޿ռķϵͳѾSSSMзĳɹַʵ
ղŵĳɼһ㣬ֻSSSĲ飬½ֻǱѣδȫ飬ȷκȻSSSһȡ
ǻĵоɹī룬Ժ
ַȡ
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ʦ˿ڣľе㺦ߵ΢΢̧ͷǳԽSSSķϵͳȫֵĹҰΪXϵͳҲԪسǡ
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ľޣԴҲޣҪﵽȫֵѵXXXXXĳҪҪԴȪ
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ȸ10ţԪسΪģȦηϵõôֱַľ
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˵ŵùԪ˧Ժ˵ŵùԼ۾ľֻ귽ʮŮȴ˫Ƕǿ˫ʤһַţǽԼİ֣δ֧
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ķһʥʲôһηص׼3000սĴ10ʥǲ׺һڡ֮Բȫóϣľѹƴ
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Ҳ֪ʥﳤһػ񡣡ַ뿪ǰԼѯʹԯʦ֣õ˿϶𰸡ʥﳤǱϾ򣬾ʮңԶػĽֻǱɽһǡ
ܡסôīЩû
ַȻʧЦȻ̫ϵʥﳤǶİ㡣
~
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ʣδĵǣһǨƵǣһǨƵµԪءַȴʱһפԪأػԪء
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˲Ը米ַ廪ӰгһĻԸ׷棬Ρģһ㿪ʼƶͷβ
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һ󣬾ߴʥȻԪشȴܱȫ𣬱ը飬ʱһжȻģֻо£
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򣬾



933 Ӫ
žžž
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档ľ˰۾
ԿһַĬļӪأڻҰشɽأҪϢһӪء
Ӫأ֮һ
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Xϵͳľ۲ϸ塣
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XϵͳֻǵֵĹӪؾģǺǼΣֵܵס๥Ҳǳһ١
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֮ǰδľ˲ţÿƼֶεXϵͳÿһӪˣܻȫĻҲ൱ơ
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ҰɣľᣬȴĪġ
ʤһǸԵ˼ᶨƣ־Ʒ൱Ŀɹ

ܿ죬һв졣
ԪԪسΪģһţľXXϵͳδƳɹ֣ٲҲXϵͳ۷ʤ֮ǰSSSһء
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ЩҪÿɣȥδıԼԪصĽ죬Ϊһֱڿذͱ׹Źʮַḻ
ϵͳƣԼҲľ

ʱԽԽȡ
ÿһ죬Ԥ׶ڷϯĴأ˻ձĺڰؿѣֲ׷δӰ̬ϵͳ
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ܽҰδҲĿ꣬ǧٿסַ̤֮ϣ֮ǰȫͬɽʯ̮ްϢͬһƬ
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ַ߹һϤĵطɫء
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һһΡ
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~
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Ī
ȴ˷ǡ
Լ뿪ʱԣ֮Լһٻǰ
졪
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934 
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ַǵõԼʥÿһĻǰزʶǢԼȻûʥκλ̫һҽʥ
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ΰԻ봦ġͻ꾧ˡ
޻Ƴɵͻ꾧йǹЧʵ߻ᱻͻ꾧߻ǣΪͻ꾧ʳ
ϣǰδɢַһ
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ַ˲ʱվһƬޱߵǿ֮С
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ʱ򽫻ʲôģԤǱض˼ʱ򽫻ᷢ䣬ߴʥػĵԪأ
һһַӰһ漴ȥ

սĬǣַΪ¡
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СħҽҪѸؼѪַΪСħҽħĺᣬ˵ֻҪġѪӦþܸ⡮Ӧáȴǣ̫ա
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ΪСħҽԼһħǿߵʬ壬ķսԿ׾У¾㱸ֻǷ硣
ֻҪСܿתܾСħҽַ尵
Сܿðǰ洫ҽ߳ܰСħҽѡ
ֻǣСܿ״̬൱죬˵ѣȴһֱٳûзӦȻѪɱԪԻһ·ǿ˵ȷС̫ܿá
־Ѫǿںôȫգˮ齻ڡ
ѵΪ׽ٵĹϵ
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ΪСܿ׽ٶԼµģ᲻Ϊ⣿
ֻǡ
ûҪԼҲ²⣬ʥһԯʦַ֡ܿ˾ԯʦּʶ㣬֪ԭڡֱԼСܿôöδתܿܺԼйء
ǰʥﳤӦиǿʺϵ
ַתʱȥ



935 㶮ҽô
ʥﳤǡ
ԭˡԯ뿪ַĺ󱳣ջʥ̽Ѱ˼ĵ˵ͷ˵йأҲ˵޹ء
ʲôϵַ屻Ρ
ԯ߻һ·ԪںȫκܹؼԶѪΣ·Υʶ׽٣ʵ׽ٲֻǴѡ
дĹƶߣͬҲкǿİԡ
ÿһǴı屾ѪṹϸΣ࿿£սһ壬СܿѪṹûиı
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Ҫɣֻһġ
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938 лл

~һͫħ徫Ѫȫ룬ַɿ֡
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942 ڰ
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943 ƾ㣿
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ȫŲ֪ĺڰ׽ϽףһԴ棬Ӵϣߡȣֱۼȳ˵壬ֹ˫֣С˵Ĺâ㤿ɲ
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944 

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˵˾ˮĻÿһʯжǿԽһǳغ飬ʵȫҲӲסһţǧʯַǰȴͨʯһ㡣
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ʧԲܣĳֻǽʯַֹᣬ޶ȵıʵܺܿ50%ޣƵƣַ岢Ǻܵġ
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ʯȻҲ֮һ
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Դʯʯôַ
ȻԡһԪԴʯҪ꣬γɣγ࣬࣬һвյ̬һγɾ޷ٸı䡣

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ǶǴʯͷĳģַ
ʯͷĳģһԪûñԭα¶ĸ壬ҲУԴʯǵĸס˵ġӦһԴʯΪʱ䲻ֱӴʯͷĳ
ԴʯһѾ̬
УһԪ¶԰

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һҪãַʡ
һԴʯҪҪһԪһԪԴʯԴʯɣҪһԪ
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Ҳǡ
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ַ循Ҫôʱ䣿
ȻһԪߺߵԴʯеǿһʲôԴʯҪʱãʮԪһһ
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ȷԴʯǵ̥ܾ֪ɣһԪ൮һ򵥣ٺٺٺټ¾͸㶨ԴʯҪԴʯĸһ澧ɱܳΪԴʯ
ʱһԪʮԪԪһ
ԣԴʯȡһַԳεԴʯȡԴԴʯֻһǧԪʱܵԴʯ
˵ǸףһΪ
үү
һԪЩį
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953 Ԫ
Դʯһĸ壬һһĽʯ
֮ɳεĽʯȡԴԼֳ꣬ȥһĽʯΪԴʯĸ壬Ȼ֮ܽǰĽʯ֮Ϊ壬ΪڽʯȺУԴʯϵġ
ʶǳƺСѪԵϵĽʯΪүү
ѪԵסַȫһԪڵĸܡ
Լ˱ȴӪȣҲ絶ʱΨһϣҵǿ߰æƫƫҵǺ׵ԼҲѹһԪķӦ
ΪʲôͻȻˣַ忪Ц
Դʯһ䷿ݣһԪǷݵסͣԼҪסȥҪԸ
УһԪһԪڣᶨܸۣһҲὫүүȳ漴һĬһԪŵ֮ѡΪүү
ַš
Դʯүүдһ˿ػһԪǧ괩ڰʿռ䲨δ𶯾żЩڶǿǿҪﶼүүдĨĨɱ
ڶǿߣдĨɱ
ַ֮һݡ
ǳǿ߷ΪǼǼϵǳǿ֮ǺڶǿߣԼʦһʵΡǿĴڣʯдĨɱ
һԪүүʵδҲ̫¡
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Ԫߡַ
ǺһԪֺ
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ַţһԪԪдȷʵԼͷָʮǰԼԼоʮǰͻƳΪǿߡ
ǻ۵һ֡
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򣬿ѧоԺ
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Եĺƽ٣ȡ
Ԫ˧߲˶ãҪҪ
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ʲô͵Ŀ粽ֱөĻ
УԪһȻӰ˰еĹ
Ǻ˵˾
䣡ǿȫɫ䡣



954 ô
Ԫء
Ű꣬ҽ£񡭡ֶ˺˵˾
䣡䣡䣡
˵˾һ̨е˫ڹܲͣXXϵͳ津ըɿĹʹXXϵͳķܿ顣
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žϣս˫ȭɫ䣬սȽ
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ܡڵըǰһ°ɡľ

ǣѧоԺ
ûըѾˡҶ֮Աǡ
ʤ˵СXXϵͳǿг㹻ıȻٶ඼µʥ㹻XXϵͳϰ궼û⡣
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С˺˵˾λôãM͡Ժ˵˾˽䲻رҲǱַδδôôûС
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֪ҲҸ߹ĳɣ¶пܡ
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955 ȥһ
ԨҽУһӰ۾
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ղһ˲䣬ԼΪĩսҪ٣ʯСײը
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ĿһөĻַ徫籬ݲԪصXXϵͳ˵˾˷ƵĹʱЦȻһֱûƷϵͳȴԪеĻ˼ѹ
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956 ȥ
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ըXXϵͳɢ˵˾ȻЦ޼ɵʵսϰ㡣ǼԪһź¿־ӣ֮ˬ
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˵˾ٿزһ䣬֪Լʵַ֮Ĳַ֮࣬Ҫɱһֻûʲô𣬸ɲ
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Īļӿ죬˵˾üͷ΢أ¶һ˿ڰֱ䣬ˣˣˣÿһʵ˵˾иоٿء

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ңҡ˵˾һʱЩ¶
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ַ˵˾̬飬д˽⣬ͷ漴롣Ĵżâ˲ţδаַ徶ֱУٸһǿǣǰԽԽ
~~



957 ǵ
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ģɢ覹ģһˮ밣ֳȫһ̬貹ˮûаǣƼɡ
˵ǣĴ纣֧ͷųƬǡ
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沿MˣֻǻѪһͷȴŷˡ
⡣
ǣԼȻ͸
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ʿ΢Ц˵ͷЦжָһԵĺ˵˾ʱ֪Ȥ£ֻССһĻȴ˵ܶ£ַ忴ȴ˵ƣȸлʿʱӹһ١
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ʯСǺ¡䣬ԼִӲɶ˻ӲȻâֻУˮĻ۽һŴ󣬾ԼӰתҰ
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958 ôģ
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ȻԴʯغĲһˣеĽʯһԪԪߵΡһԪ˵ĺԭԴʯԪһ˿ػĨɱڶǿߵ
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960 ճǼƣ
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962 
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963 ƽ
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ȥλһһվţܶ150%ܴﵽ200%ϡ
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964 ˲ű
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ߵˣǲܴ
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965 һ
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߲ʥ䣡
֮ǰԼδҵĵ߲ʥ䣬û뵽ôˡ
ʪŽʥֻͨ߰Կס
ҵģַʵ
һļǿڿлɽ񵽵ġʱлɽǱȴһ伮±ˣȵɽ緢ǽⱾ伮ֱշת䵽Ԫ˧С
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ʥʪŽʥڿл԰֮ϡ
ҵڰ˲ʥ䣬ôܿܽ⿪ʥܣ
֪ͨԪ˧ҵ幫лߡַ˫ͫ߼չڰ˲ʥ䣬˭õⲿʥ䣬ֱͣûȻ
˵仰ʲôԻַ֮ڣĸ֡
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οԴʯʡʱ䡣

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˲ʱ䣬ʱַѸоԴ֮Ĵڡ
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Ǳ޾˲Ϣо֮Դ糱ˮӿ룬ʮһתվ֮ԴͷšһԴǽ磬һΪ̩Դǳա
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966 ʱ
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967 սûʴ
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ĸ׼续鶼סھǵԪسǣַӰԪ˵㼣鼰ȻǣַʥﳤǣԼҲڵ
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968 Ծƶ
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رʧкľһ죬ַҲЩɻ󣬲֪ʿͼıֻǡͶ·
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ܿˮķôпܲٿذĽǵĹҲ˸
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ܣʮġ

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ʺš
ôҪһļƻ裬ţַ˵Ծ񣬵ȴȫ
һԪ
ԪдȻûӴʲôʵԵĶۼʶ֮ѡԼţһԪܸЧķԼǰС
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969 غ
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ǾŽף
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Ϊʲôַ岻⡣
ʵΪ澧ǾŽսȥƾغģЧԶʤǰ˽սʱȥһԪȻִҲû취塢꣬ʮ꣬һƵˡ
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ٱԼҲаʮӵкǾŽսںǰ˽սʱȥ棬ȫûҪ
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ÿ˶ÿ˲ͬ뷨Ҳǡ

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970 һԿ
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Ŵ£רһµ澧ȻÌЩ壬Ǻޡеkԭ뷨ΪһʦȻϣͽ汾£ȥԽһ᫣ĥ־һѾ߽ݾĴȡ
ַСҵҲһֱôġ
ԣȫ⌴ͼ
۴ӴߵĽǶȣʽͽܵ飬ŌԸ񡪡
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Բı²ŵģǺ͌һֿģΪүүԪߣ۸ٶҲԸ⡣
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ҩЧǿʥҩƵҩԷǵУٲʶӲѳɡš
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971 
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ʪŽʥַĻڴߴʥĵλ߹л԰һȡʥϵȫİһ涼൱

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ʥʼջΣգл԰ͨǻ츳֮֮أ޷ѣۡ

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972 Դǽ
䣡䣡䣡
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һβʱԴǽ1633࣬ڡ
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5000롣
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Դ֮ġ
֮Դʼɱ䡣ַȻķ֣ԭʮľ仯
ѸͣٶȱȰ֮ĺ֮й֮޲ֱԴ֮ԴǽУ֧ƬءʮĹת۹ٱҹо޴ǳɰ㲻ͣЪĳ̡
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ڶ࣬10000ˡ
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һԴǽ磬ǸտǿӵУ1100࣬ɵһԴ֮ġ
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Դǽ磬ǿڶǿߣǿӵУ10000ϣɵǰٱԴ֮ġ
ԴǽĵȼֱӾԴޡַ
ԴǣԴǳҲȫɱ䣬ͷűԴ̩Դǡ̩ԴǾʵȼޣһеԴ㣬Ҳǵһͼġ

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982 ѭ򽥽
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ַǰŰ˸Ĺ壬·ǺɫʵģϷǰɫ״ΣءľԣֱʾһʥɫʵĿڣ°ť
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1002 Ѿ
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1004 󱾾ͻз
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סүͷʵѾ˺ܾá
šӽʱıˡ
û
޳ɡǵһζɱ¾̫ʧģĳһᷭ
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ΣѪ¥漴
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ǴѪɭ֣Ѫء
ַ֡΢ȻЦ
ˡ



1010 Ӳ˵
Ѫأкܶܡ
ϹŷӡĽƣѪ筵ԴͷϿȽַףյû㹻ʵȥ̽ѰѪصܣȥʱ޵ʮޡ
ַ֡˲䣬оǿϢ磬ʵҲǲףԭʼħͬ൱ڡ
ַڣ߹ס
ս˵
Ѫ֮飬綼һһıȴĳѪء
ϹŷӡĽƣԼѺֵϿȽ
ַܺ档
³ѪظԼĸоر𣬰Ѫڡ
رģ֡
ʵӦóַ˸ʮ޵壬ֻҪ׵ض磬Ϊ޷һĴﲻˣ˵ۡ
ԣֵĴںܹ졣
ܡַЦЦ
µ֣Լǰزסܡ

ѪϿȡ
ַ̤УֵطΧо޴ͷȼŻëһ˫ͫѪֱַۣ壬ȴЩû
ļɡַѾܡ졯ˡ
࣬ʲôҧгݣַν֮ǡ
㡣ַ΢Ц
ƽĿһ£ԭѾоЩԾӦȻһӡȻַĲ֮ͬǰʱͬ
ǿˡĿ˸ַ̽塣
ǰɡַ岻ÿɷһЦǰȥǰϿȽȻռ䣬ַ˿ںеֱ֣ȥ
Ҫʲôɫٱ䡣
žַӰֱϿȽ⣬ִ

һǿ⡣
ޣַ˫΢棬ʱѵɴ۾ַ徹˴󵨣ǰ׾룬һƷӡȫ
޼ɵֻǡʮ㣿
ֲַ֪ȴһεĴϿȽĽƣһΡ
飡صײ
֮ԴӴַ
ţַǴһصǣԼѪ
Ѫ֮飡
ԼȺںϹ1000Ѫ֮飬Ѫ֮ӵ£Ѫ֮ȻϿȽĪϵﱾѪ筵ԴͷַЩ
ʲôԵЩҡ
ַĳţںľǸղַʩչʲô
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˵֮е
ַڵӴֱֺȻѣŲʶȥ±꼰㣬ڵоֲǰ࡭
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ռ䡣ַĿ
ƷӡƿѸٱ޲ָԼһصܱտռ䣬״ƣһɫ״壬̲ؼʮޣ硣
ͷ·һռ磬
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Ϊǰ滹һȻӰ
ַ֡ȽһĨЦݣĿѣӲ˺üޱȡӦǿ֮ǰŽƷӡоַ仯˵ڡ
ôֽŲġ
ַһЦ
оõֵĿ־壬ԼղƿƷӡĹԽɱʮΣֻҪֲɵױ˴˵ʵ࣬ǵ֮
ԼҪɱ練ơ

ѡ񡣡ַ
߳ңǩԼ
ߣ
Ŀ⵭Ȼбַɱ⾡¶
ɫһƬҵʧ»һѸҲ෽ȥһɫݣ֪ͨδȻɫ׾ʱǰһ
屻һεƴȴ޼£
һɫľס
Ӳ˵ġַȻ
쐻޵ΪϿڵԴǣԸǷΪƣΪꡣǺ˲Ұףɪɪʱ˿ַʵǿʲô̶ȡ
ҡԸ⳼綷ܵĹɫҵ
ַ΢ȻЦ
ԼֵûȤصĽȤŨҡ
ֱԼﲻ򵥡
Ѿ൱ʱ䣬ܰԼܶࡣ



1011 ؽ
ˡֵϥ¹
ַš
Լĵ޽˳࣬츳֮ȫѹƣݲа㷴ӡӡǣ֣
֪һȫҡַ岻ֻ˵ѡ
ӡķӣıֵԸ˵ڵһλ߹ԼԼܰԵֱΪūԼҲ޽ᡣ
ǣˡ渵
ַ徲
ֵ鱨ҪֹܽʡԼܶ̽ʱ䣬ܱߴ·Լĵ޽Ҫһֻ֮ӵԴʯȳַ˵ں
ңֻֽۡ
Ǵַֻ
ǵģˡ˵Ǵ֮żսҲ˵ˣһǿ׷ɱ½ԹǴֻ֮ײ±
أǴ֮ţ
ַɹ޵Ļ飬Ǵ֮ԪħԶޣԶ޵Ĵս֮أʺǿ׳ħ弰һ·壬߻һ·֮ࡣ
ȥôַʵ
ԡֵͷӦһĿռ򣬲ֹ磬ĬǣӦôϹŷӡĽ紦ɫش
ޣַ΢
˵мĿǰв㡣
ڶ㣿ַ
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ڶʲôҪ󣿡ַʵ
ֱӾܽ롣ִǷҪȥһ
ַɫݣӰո˵̤ϣǴ͸һεıϣֱӽСоһַ֣ѪѼΣ
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ĿڶĽɫݣӰٴһȴָǿıݴ͸ַһ㡣
ȻһʼѪ֮ķӦַѲµ֡
йأǡѪŨйءĽɫݣȻĲϣδټϣַ漴صڶ㡣
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ѪڶξѺ󣬾ȥˡַ岢δ
֣ѾԼˡ
ޡֻȻ򣺡˹Ȼ㣬ʵǷ
ƨ˵ɡַ
εһЦ漴޼Ǵ֮ΪսԿռܲȶ֮ʶǴֻп
ʵΨһֻһǾһ
ַͷ
Ѫ筿ַʵ
ǵģˡֵѪ筵ĳֲɿأ߽һ
Ϊʲôַ
ԥһ£漴ˣҵȷйֲ²⣬ĳλǿµĹ屦ֻĳأٿǴֻһֻ֣ǲ²⣬Ĵ𰸡ʮ֮˾

ַ̧ͷĿ˸˸
һδηѪ筣ͨıݣ˽˵֮صĿԲСҪ˽룬ֶԽϸɸѡ
ԣ𰸾ַ
ǣˡֿ϶
á
ַӦҡ
԰ӰһŲһ漴㣬һ粽ɫ֮ϡֲµûĻ⴫֮ؿɲˣֻһţҪʮ޽
¶Ȳһʵġ
εĻһܽĲ㡣ַ̤ǰѪ
ԼѪҲֻǶξѡ
һһξѵĻͻὫԼأӲ²⣬𰸺֣ܿһǿӿַ֣赲⣬һĽַ塮ɫݡ
Ȼַ岢⡣
˲Ϣվܱûˡ
ǿߣҲֻѪѣԡӦĲ㡣ַǰԼһ֮ңҪȴѱȵ죬ڶѪѵѪ̫ѡ
ǿߣҲֻзëǵľѵѪ
ԽϣͻƽԽѡ
ûַ尵
ֻһţѪߣҪҪѪѣⲻΪô
ڣһĵ
ַšüͷ·ʲô˵
Ѫѡ
ͨʮ޵Ψһš
ĬǵĿռ䡣
ϹŷӡΪƵķӡƣвʱֵġ
Ѫ筡
һһ໥ϵַ
ĿѸɨ漴˵ͷ
롭ˡ



1012 Խ
Ѫ筡
һеԴͷѪ筡
ÿһ֮Ѫϵ֤
ѪѣѪܲɷ֣Ѫ֮þǼѪ
ͨʮ޵ΨһţѪͨʮޣѪܴ͸ӡƣִѪɭ֡
ڶĬǵĿռ䡭
ַ˫˸˸
кܴĿܣѪ筵Դֻ֮˵ڡ
ҪǣԼʱѪ筵𶯹
Ѫ筵Դͷַ̧֮ͷȥԴ𰸺֮ܿϣԼȥȻѪ筵Ĳ㹻
ÿһ㣬Խǿһ֡
ַ쐻ĸӦ
ڽ㣬ѰѪ筲ǿ֮ÿһӦͬһһŲַܿԵشһѪ筲Ϊǿҡ
ž
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~~~ַȡѪ筵ԴͷںϹѪ֮ڽʮѸϣַоͼı
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Ѫ֮飬ȻǱѰַ⡣
ʵ׵ã󣬰ζΨѪļţѡѪŨȵʥÿһŶǼ۸񲻷ƣӸ߲¡
ǴǸ߲εʵѪǱزٵĻ
ػһֱӾⶰ¥ߡ


ַ岢żֻҪѪŨһӣʱķѶһ㲢ν츳֮֮꣬궼ǿڵԼѾ߱Ѫѵʸ
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ѪľѣֹǸĴΣͨϵıؾ֮·
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һѪѣ̤ڡַ
ڣĶˡ
ʵԽǿԼҵɱħǣļʾԽ

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ѪƷھϣΪš
ͨѪŻͣʮһ룬ֻڵѪУߡǿѪѣѪƷҲֻͣھ
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ξѺѪܳԽĬǿߣδйĽ׶Ρ
Խţ
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ֻ󲽵Ŀǰ޾֮ľ޴ڶһеѹ飬ȴѶڷ˰㡣һ壬ӡǣڷΡȻѪƿһУɱ
ৣ
޴ĺڶһɿ˺ѡ
ڷΡΣ𴩹ڶһƬµĵ򡭡ǰĻ潥ģַʶع飬ϵͼڰһ֣ԽŨܣӽӽڷˡ
֮ǰͬǣ·
ַ֮֮
еһԶѪڷ˲ֹӵǿĹ֮ƿأͬ˿ѷɫġ
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1013 ⰵ֮
ĵһࡣַʶ
ڷ˸ԼĸоѪԼѪҺܴڶԼ˿⣬ǿߣ״̬¶ܳΪڶǿߵĵһǿߣ˵
ܵĳȻڡ
Ϊʲôϡа
~~Ʋ֣ģÿһƶӡȳǱڵǿÿһ֮ǰ⣬ȴƫƫڡ
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֮ǰй壬ڡӦóƵǹⰵ֮塣ַĵ
ڷߵ·Ӧþǹⰵ֮·ѹԼ֮밵֮ǿ󣬸Ӧ֮ʣ͹ⰵͬǺγ컯
Լ֮ʺۡ
ⰵ֮ľѣַ֪֮֮ԼӵԴ򣬽޵Ķ澧Դǽޣİĵͬޡ
ǿ죬Ѿ˺ܶ࣬ڡٶȽһδ١
֮Լ֮࣬ߵĸԶٶȻȻ
ץסÿһϸڵ

ĵȴ
һѪѾͻѰʱ䣬ڶθãΡ
ǧַľȡ˸֣ûеĵľһ־޻ڵǿ󣬵һ֣ûлתءǧǼȴֱӵһ֤
һǧѪУΪľ
һУзΣĹؼǵ⡣
⣬򡣡
ַܸоõоǿһǰİԵơ
֮ݿ࣬˹
ѪľںϣַԲ˷ʱ䣬µĲԡһ㡣ûʵԵͻƣе򶼲׷ѣôһʯһٴζûѣֱһһʯȻѣǵһһεһжأǡ
֮ǰһٴεô

һ¡
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ǿӵУ10000ϣɰٱԴ֮ġ
Դǽ볬ıϡ
ǵѪѣ40000ַ⡣
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ԴǽҪѪξѣͻڲӵС
ԼԶԶĳ
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ৣ~
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ܡַ˼Ŀ꣬һ޴ù壬һ׺ɵףȫǣһ㡣
ûϢ⸱Ȼһ壬ǡ
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Ѫ筣ַǰȥǸùǼƺεħԼ쐻޸Ӧˣĺûж⣬ͺһįõˣҪ˵˵
ַ֣ᴥùǼܣʱһͷֱԺ
~~
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1014 أ
ӣǵأۡ
ұǵ࣬ʷ䣬ȺԶ磬Ĭǣ԰֮ءȻĬħʵף伫֮κιѲڣżԶ챦ħʯ١
Ȼǿѹͷߣʼ΢ĬΪǣ˱ħԶ챦ǿסĬǣӡأΪʮޣ磬Ĭ硣
Ĭر챦֮ɣΨʵϵҴ档
Զ챦Ϊһ壬˴˼ϵΪһ巽ΪԶ챦ǿ

ַ֮𺧡
û뵽˴ܣȻأǵͰʦͬһʱǿߣڶࡣ䲻֪ʲô£Ĭ࣬ȷȷʵʵǵ֧
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ѹħǿ߱ʤࡣ
ַʱȫס
ΪǵĬǣ䲻ȵϡޱȵľǣҲ൱ס״̬µǣܵǿߣҲǺڶǿߵĵһ
ԵĬǣĬħǵһʶѲʢ֮ʱ
ˣĬܵǼħǿߣ൱򣬶ɴڣֻʮ΢ÿһʱɻ̲ǿߣĥǾѡ
ħǡ
һǰħ御ǰħ顯ʵǾǿߡ
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Ҳ̲Ӽħ壬Ĭǵɳ֮·ƫƣǸѡĻ֮·ҪȷѡӦ˳֮·
ѡȷġַ
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ܣӭж⡣
Ѫ筵ԴͷܿĬ磬һȲʮޣֲ֮أʮִĬħǿȥ޻أֻ꣬ħҲòµ
ĬӡԴַ
²֪Ĭ˽٣Զ챦ԱǷӡԴһĬ֮Уʣһ¾Լԣһ
ֵļʣɡַ尵
ӵһԶ챦Ļ֪Ҫ൱̣ڶԶ챦ͬ򵥡أѵȷΪɸѡɸѡͽܣΪĬࡣ
ҪһǿվԶ챦Ĭħ塣
ַùϺɵף̲ǿϳɹ൱ߣ֮أ
ڶԶ챦ϵڶѾ֣ǾΣˡ
һɽݶ
ԼҲ뾡취ȥԷԶ챦ռΪУΪԶ챦Ϊһ壬ֻһܹǴʮĽ紦Ҳ˵ڶԶ챦Ĭ罻紦
ڶԶ챦Ǳãõǿ߶Ĭٮٮߡַ˫ͫ
Ĭ࣬¶ȥϣ֮ǰǲͬԴʯ屦ӵУĬǵԶ챦ʲô
ʵΡ
Զ챦ҪԣȴԶ¹ĬǵķӡʹĬĵԶ챦
Ҫˡַ΢һ˼
֮ɲǼȻ֣ư硣ʵۼף¶ɣʵİȡһ澧죬ԭײеͫȴǾԡ
꣬ɳ
ͫʥΪԴű֮·ҡԽԽ졣Դʯ˿ѷɫʥͫʥϰֲʣصĳܿܳ塣
žȡס
飬׷ȸԾַ֮΢΢һЦԭĵɢ԰ҲҪȥǿսںԶ챦֮ԼܸӦԶ챦
ӦڿɿƵķΧ
ΪƽհǲԴʯ֮У屦ʵ֮ء
~Ѫ룬



1015 һԶ챦
ϣϡ
ͺȫȽɫ⣬ÿһƬۼ׷·𶼸ϣһɵĻӰǴƤÿһϡ
Ѹ
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ǿķ⣬װ൱ֲ
ǿ࣬ǿϸԣ֯
Ƥ๹һס
ȱ
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Ƥ࣬ۼƤмĺɫףӵզķԼ⣬ڵĹҲ㡣ֻһ֣ҪǿߣûӮ
ڲķ谭90%ϵĳ徢
ãɻϸԣǿȡ
൱ˡ
ⲿ׷һֵڲȴɳԽǿԽ󡣶԰˵;ˣǿ£ۼף
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ۼףͬһ֣ȴԶԶͼ
ףñҪʺϵĶࡣַ⣬ԭǿǳԽޣԶ޵İǽԼƷӵ£ͬȼ¸һǹĹ
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¼Ѫ¥Ѫգ౼Ѫ¥Щɱ¾ԸϲսսʵЩѪɱ֣Ѹٹ̡
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޳ɣүͺЩǻԥǰүӴϳӱȽ϶࣬ڹǷԣַڣĿŵĺԡǵ
ַһЦ
Ҳ
Щ鷳ַѪ¥죬ת䷽Ϊŵ缤ˣ˶㹻ǰհҲϾҪܶණ
ǵַµֻҪһ
СֱַӷҺܿҪ뿪ҵ˶ãʱѪ¥ķѣ˻粻䣬νǿŤĹϲ𡣡
Щ飬ǿӲɡ
ַ֮ǰˣŻʵ⣬ؼıġ
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ǡüͷ
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ܶԱ
ַǿпѪصġᡣ
ûκȨλƾֱַԺѪɱ֣˸ҲӣϳǣؽʹڵѪ¥Ȩλ߲㡣
顣
˼ˣˮйͨ
ȴѻȸѪɱֵļ൱֮ãһ˫˫羴صĿŰǵӰһ֮ˣѪ¥ˮ֮еĳǿߡ
ħַ塣
мҪַ



1016 쵶ն
Ѫ¥ģʽת䣬ᡣ
Ҳظ˵ɱ¾ģʽȻڶʱ𣬵ͬڶʱ串˵ĳѾһźšѪ¥죬Ϊһõת
Ȼÿ˶вͬ뷨νǿ
ַĿɨˣᣬΪˣҲǿκһλ֮ҽ뿪磬ԡǲµңԼѡ񡣡
Ѫ¥ʽ֣
šѪڡһҽԹǣΪפɽѪذѪɭ֣зפضѪС
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ַ
ͻıʣѪɱĿࡣ
֣
ⲻֹͻȻȫʼδΪѪ¥ʵضڳǺͺ֪⣬үܣȫ֪⧲ЩȻ
쵶ն顣
ַ岻ȥ
ѪڵķչѪʮꡣѪ¥Դؼ㹻ıǮֻҪǺͺӲ̫ܽѪڷչԭڵλá
㳬ɸ󣬳Ϊʮ޵һţҲǲܡ
ţǳ÷չ֮
ԸѪڵģǷѪ¥£һ԰׵ʵ
ǡַԥĿԣ뿪ѪأҩȺڽΪѪ¥µפأѪɱפأǶռݣһܱ鼰ʮޡ
һƬȻ
ַ˾˵ǲ֣˵ռȵѪ¥ϳѪء
ⲻƽߡ
ûʲôƽƽַɫȻֻʵǿ
㣡ͨ죺ǲߣ
ַĿһƳߵģԻߣ˵һ飬ӽѪؽΪѪפأѪ¥ʽ֣Ժ˴˾ˮˮ˽Ѫ¥ѪأǾݹ顣
ʵһС
ַԲʴȣˮ
֧ˣȻվһߣͬˣɱֺη
Ѫɱ־Ѫȡ
ںˡ
ڣʼɡַ죬ԹΪ׵ķκλᡣ
Ҫߣ㡣

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Ѫ¥˵˽ǣκεıﶼˣûиջ
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ܶѪɱ֣һѡѪڣ֮ǰԤƵĲͬ
˲԰ַ֣˵ĳ˳ɶѡѪڣսӥǧݯսѣȻ׷ַĽŲϣѪڻóɣ߳ɵѪɱ֣齨ΪѪڣפɽѪء
ԹΪ׵Ѫ¥ֲ䣬ֻǨѪءˣʧҲ󣬱ϾҩȺڣѪɱʮţפض൱
ַԲѪ¥ô˵ҲһˣҲ
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Ѫ¥Ĳַ֣Ѫ
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Ŀǰڵ츳֮ΪҪӦⰵ׾٣һϢӡУȴûһϢַüͷ΢š˲ʱӦһʥϢ
ৡ
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һһ㶣漴Ȼһǰڶˡ
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һǵһǿ֮һڶҲ֮С
кἰ뿪ôַʵ
ԼӦһҪ뿪Ѫõ֪ͨԼԼ취뿪Ѫ
Ȼҡҡͷ
ôַ̧ͷĿ˸
˿Ҫȥڶʵ
ˡַתڶĵúչһ
û⣬ˡӦ
ַͷ漴뿪
Ȼһѡ·ԼҲӸԤÿ˶иԵ켣ԼҲǡԼϱ򣬰㲻иʮ¼˽ᣬһվ
ع磡



1017 
Ѫ¥ֵĹַ뿪
ԹΪ׵Ѫ¥Լߺ󵹴һѣΪѪڵʵѪ¥֮ϣΪҪܴѪڵδ²һ˳벻̫ۡ
˵ӰԼʮꡣ
ʮ꣬㹻Ѫڳɳ
ԼţǺͺӵĴ£ѪڵδһƬʤɸ

~ַ硣
δκһ˸𣬶ǰС
һûҫ磬ֱӽ򣬹ʶԼѪ¥Ѫ¥λ֮ͨģͬҫˡ
ֻǡزȥ⡣
ԼʵΣ漣԰Ǵ´ࡣ
Уһ԰ɰţأ۴Ĭͳ漣԰ĴӪǿ֮Ҫʥء
漣԰ַ
~~
ϹŷӡѪͨĸѪ
ַ̤ĸѪѪءĿһ޴߰ѪԶѪصѪҪΰ࣬ͬľŲ㣬ĸѪһѾѪŲ߶ֹɢŨϢѪֱ񷡣
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ѪظԼĸоôϤ
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ȻҲķѪ¥һδεİѪ¥ɹѹء
ģȥѪһ߻ӻ֡
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Ϊɱ֯Ѫ¥ϸڷְֹɡ
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չסַѪʮ޵󳬼Ѫ¥չѾõġմ̻ᣬҩȿνһѵܣԵǹӲдڷչƽ
õıѪ¥Ѫ¥д뵽ǿߣȻǾͨ׷٣䣬սٮٮߡ
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ʱѪ¥ǿҲֻѪ¥ѪɭΨһĿǿߡѪ¥㲻ռһϯ֮ءʮ򣬺һ԰ɰûıȡ
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ʮ޵ѪɱֵȼһͬϵɱֵȼΪͨɱ֣Ӣɱ֣ɱ֣ɱĴ󼶡һֻʵʥڣΪӢɱֲŻᱻίִ
Ϊɱ֣ܶжѡ
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һɽŮ̧ͷƳַһۣˣ
ѪѪɱֶ죬ַİ˭֪ˡ
ַͷ
ɽŮɫ䣺ȵǼϣѪѪɷ򡭡
ˣֱӰҽеȼҽַ塣ַ
ԼĿĲǽѪѪ¥
ɽŮ΢΢һ˸̲һ˿Ц⣺ҪֱӢɱ֣ûʮ޵ľѪɱֱֽӿ˾Ӣɱ֣Ϊʮ޿缶̫
磬ҪΪӢɱֿɲס
ʥڣֻǻѡ
ַģɽŮĶˣʱ־ڼ֮˺ͷɥܴҲϾܽѪ¥һǾӢеľӢ
һܳΪӢɱֵģѪ¥һƶ塣
ַҡͷ
һɻıɽŮַῪڣҪǡ
ɱ֡

һļž
ֹɽŮȻѪѪɱҲǴ۵СۣȻѡ
ֱɱ֣



1018 Ѷһ
Ѫ¥ǿɱ֡
ִܿɱ֣أܣÿһǴǿߣڴڣÿһѪɱ¾гɳѪ¥Ķ
ûǣûѪ¥
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Ǻ~֪˭һЦʱѪЦϣģмģǱĵġ
֪ɱֵȼôɽŮʵ
ַ֪΢ȻһЦ
ɲǼһ֮Դҫ۶֣ѪЦ˲ȻֹһӴȻ֮ɫŵɽŮڣгʥڵģҲڵģ
ûһˣñԴϡ
㣡ɽŮ䣬һʱЩӦ
鷳Ұšַ΢Ц

ĸѪ㡣
һڣȻǵӰϥٿһ˫ӥ񡣻̲ǿʮ㣬Ѫ¥ѪɭѪ¥ΨһĿǿߣɱ֡
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ԣѪ¥ʵԽǿԽãɱΪѪ¥Ҫϣֺһʵܵڵġ
ɱ֡

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һ֡ɽŮѪ¥ֻҪһ֮սõȼǿߣʤɽһͨɱֽ׾Ӣɱ֣ѡ֣Ѫеɱ֡ࡣ
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ܴԼѡȻѡʵԲģûѡʵܻǿͬɱ֣ЩھŽףЩһףʵǲͬ
ôַԥ
ˬţѪѪɱֵһ
һ֣
ǿԴ󣬻ţ

Ѫ
һñԴϵġˡѶһķʽɱ֣˲ʱĸѪɱִź֮ģۼѪҪһַ®ɽĿ
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ɱ֡ʤơڰ˽ס
ɱ֡ʩٻĽס
ɽŮһһܡ
ַ˴кһŮʵǿıվмӡʤơڰ˽׵ʵʵǵУַĺ룬˿Ӱ֮ɷǵ֮
ֵҪԵƬ̣ۺˡʤŶЦ
ɽŮַɱۺڶס
ַͷ
ʤһƬ⣬ۺսԼѹܼ࣬ͬսܲü
ˣ֣ǿʼɡַ󲽿ս
Լ˵ڵĶ˭ʵ𲻴
ӳʤ΢Ȼɫûб仯ȴ˷ŭУʩٻڣǸַܵţͬʱǶӡ
ǽȥɡʤƶԺʩٻ΢ЦЦݵıȴս⡣
Ľӿֶʩٻ綾Ыһ㣬ī̡

һ
սϾþĥµɱ֣ʤͬȼǿߡ
ַźͰõսɱֺޱȣ۷׷ףַޱȡ
ʮôǿˣ
ܰɣʮ޻ñԴϣҲ̫
϶˰ֹû˵Ҳǵһμôᡭ
һͷˮַͷ治⡣
ȷʵΪַǴѪͨнģ˰˼⡣˺ۣܿͣΪʱսбԴǱһǿϢ֣Ⱥۡ
Ȼ޷ȥһ߱Ȼ
ǿߵĽ
ڴⳡĽ֣һ˫ۣĸսڵļս˫ȭٿսϢէȻֹʮ룬һսûʼѾ
ɣ
۾¶ȻȻЦݡ
ΪַжǿŻ˵źͰֻǿտ˵׻һֻŵʮͽˡЦҡҡͷ¶Ц֮ɫСʱսĴ쿪
ĿȥɲǼɴ۾
ַ壡
սϳʤѻȥ



1019 漣԰
ҪʲôôַɽŮ
ˡɽŮȻӦ
ֱ֪ʲô̶ɲǷʵ̫˼˵ǳʤһˣѪ¥ɱбڵλʵǿ˹
룬ʩٻʮӶûŹ
Цɣ
Ըôַ֡
ʲôɽŮµ
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Ŷǣ˼ִˡɽŮһ죬æȡɱ˫ֵϣа㲻һ˫ǰͫ͵Ƴַ壬Ȼ
鷳ˡַɱ
չüһЦĿɨһȻӣʾĵ˵ͷ漴ȥѪһѪɱ֮ȻĿãʵǰһĻ
ǣۼ֤һĻͬ񼣵ĵ

ַ뿪Ѫǰ
Ѫ¥Ψִɱɱַʹã򡣳ʾƣصľӢɱȻ𾴣ѸٵĲʱ
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ǣˡӢɱӦҪȥ
漣԰ַ忪ڡ

ĸѪ
ৣѪӰУһӰ
Ȼǣ̲ŨŨɱսһ˫ӥ翴Ȼ׹Ӱ˲Ӧڡ
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ڣǺѪ¥Ѫɭʱ

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ʵܴǵʵ»100%ʤѪɭɫҿʵսܿѪ¥㡣
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ʤƸ̾Ѫ¥ܵô˵ź֮վڵ֮ۡ
Ѫɭͷ˵˲ţ󡣡

ʱַ壬ҫʥ
ҫ˵ܲн漣԰˲ĳȻڡѪ¥һǿ߲ͬҫ˵Ŀǿ٣֮Ϊ
ҫˣ21λ
ַ֮ǰѼ묘з˺ӡ
ǴǿߣǷ綼ǷëǣĴڡ
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꣡һӹַķ꣬ˮ㷱ǵ㣬ֱϢ֮һˣҫȨλκξ
գַŷ3000ս
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1020 ˼
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ַ壿еķ꣬Ӣո¶һĨЦݡ
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ԼЦͽʱַҲǾϲ˰֮ģƽ֮ĳԹ䣬Ϊı˲š
Ϊ֮һķŸʲôʽȥ
֮顣
ңӦѾһַ壬Ƿҫˣַ嶼һ𰸣֮ˡַҫ˵ļʴҡ
Ǳ⣬ʱҫ˾ٶһǿߡڴ

ַڷǾеȴš
ȷ˾ҫˣԸ໹ǵ뿪ʱ͸֧3000սЩս˳Ķȹ˴
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ˡַշȻһЦɷַǰл3000ս֮ѩ̿û
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ԿľǿΪһս1000սֵǾǿߣһս
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һսȥ3000򣬻7000ս൱һʥҲ10100սһսɹõĳƷʥͨƷʥ
ڶǱǿ߿ɻصȾѫ£ҫ㣬ѡһƷʥֵ㡭ҫ߲㣬ѡƷʥ
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1021 ɽ
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ʱ벻ʲôҪģܷȱţַʵ
һһϲȻԣʲôʱᶼСַĻشζͬ⽱ԸҫˡĴʯǷ£һ
ַҫδϣٶ۶ֵã
ԡֵӦò˰ɣ
ַ΢΢һҪ߰

ֵܲǴҫô
ַȻʧЦˣҴδ뿪ҫˣֻǸձչػҴ㷵ҫˡԼûҫʥ漣԰යصһЩ
ԭˡҲЦԷǡ
ԼˣȷַԸҫˣȻ൱ģҫҲãħ屩ҫȷʵҲҪһǿߣַ֪㵣ʲôְ񣿡
ʲôְ񣿡ַʵ
Ļְ񡣡һֱȽɣǳ֮Ϊɾֽ21229ɾأĥΪ
ڶפ漣԰ҫʥǳ֮Ϊҫҫ˴СȨԴ࣬Ŀǰ8ҫ
ƿҫˣǳ֮ΪƹһƬ򡣱ľʵڵλƿҫˣĿǰеľڰ˾Լʮһ4
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ðɡַ˵˳ҰǷ3000սĨɽ
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4սһƷʥԼһҪ
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ҫҲһĸ顣
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ˣӵͷˡھִɫȣһغա
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ӦòᡣƜnҲûаգϰ¡ҫĵĵȴ׼ӭӵ߾ؽκԶƾУҫûʸ߾ġ
ʱ䣬һһȥ
ƽո߸ϵľЩţĳ
ȣǵȴЩ̣Σδ֪顣ٿأһɫ֣ʱֱǰֳһӰ
˵׹Ɯnɣڼ߾
λض񡣡ƽ͵ٿȻ
ƜnһоϤ̧ͷʱɴ۾
ַ֣壡



1022 ΪĬǿߣ
ǾԺءƜn
ַţĴš
¿ٵһƬأλҫغ֮䣬СˮȻʮֵˡھͰɾϣЩнǰɾ֮ǰַΪͽ¡
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꣡
ǿַʵģǻҫ֮·ʸսھʱַҲڶѣôڿֹʵڣ
˻ôƜn
ԡַͷ
ԼסĵطʵûôޣʾС
ǾͺáƜn΢ЦھͰɾҲ˿ַޣڿַƽ׽ˣδΪΪֺָʹ
֪˻ʲôҪôƜnٵ
ˣȥæԼİɣȻǡַ΢΢һЦ
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ǧľҵʱ֮ǿй֮޲ԴǽѪξѣΨڱԴ֮ʵȽѷɫ
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Ŀ򵥶ֱӣΪĬǿߣ

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԰ַЦаҫ֮·ʸôм߼ҫ֮·¡ԼڵʵѾҪٽҫ֮·ҫ֮·Ҳ׾٣ҫ˾Ȩ
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ַһŰˣѭ浸ء
ܿ죬Ŵѩڻмҫ֮·ˣҶĺ޵ӽ߼ҫ֮·Ϊ߾׾١ˣҶĺ޵ӵ츳ʣò˶þܳΪǿߡ
ѩڻһ㣬мҫ֮·ֻСӣĥһӡ
㹻Դ⡣
ܳΪֻǴͿԼ컯ˡַƵİźһУԼҲʼչмƷʥɵã²һʱ
ĿǰΪ
Դڶشεַ̬˫Ȼ



1023 
Դ
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Դ֮ĵĴڣȡԴǽ硣
ԴǽԽǿɵıԴ֮ľԽӴ󣬳ʼһԴ֮ģʮԴ֮ģٱԴ֮޴󡣱Դ֮Խǿζ屾ԴԽ࣬ӦԽǿԽѣҲԽ
Դ֮ĻӰ챾Դ֮籾Դ֮Ӱ챾Դ֮һ߱ܲɷ֡
Դ֮ҪڶأǹؼԱԴ֮⣬Ӧ
ȻԴ֮ĴСҲ֮ء
ַ۳
Դ֮شΣҪ뱾ԴʶԴ֮ĴСҪһıԴ֮ĵһĸӦΧٱıԴ֮ĵٱĸӦΧѾаٱĲࡣ
ҲҪͬĹ֮ǿһСʱܸ࣬ʲһ궼һܸ١
ѡսҲЩѡԴӶ򡣡ַ岢ݾʱݾһݣҪһЩССͶ
£ԼȫҪô
ԵԴǽ磬İٱĹģͬܿ졣ַ֮Դ
Ĺ֮Դȫַԡڹ֮֮Уʱ״̬

~~~
ַ֣Ĺⰵ֮ܰǿĸӦ֮ԴСڶѪѵйѾܲƾƱܸӦԴڡʤʮЧ֮ǰ
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ʶ֮Ľٱһǧ״̬
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ġ
Ϲⰵ֮壬ʱˮЧʴ
ַͷ·ҵԿһ㣬һȹ֮ţнٶԽԽ졣֮ѵıǹһʥһʶһڶѡıǹһ
ʥһַԼһΪȫ棬ս
ʥһԺǿ
ˡУַ˲ʱо֮ȸԾΧĹ֮Դ羫裬Ȼֻһ֣㹻һģһƬµļ
Уһ仯
֮ڶء



1024 ұȽϲԼһ
׺΢⡣ַӰ
γɰ׺ַ֮ڡСĴܣ٣ȱ֮ԴĲٿأ顣ֹ100%ķӣ120%
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׺΢⣬΢ٵܻ
ڶشεĹ֮ǵ١Դˡ
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µջ񲻷ƣֹӵǧģ̤֮ڶأƾڵսѾܺɨǿߣǿֻǷΨһһ
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Ե߾ݵλҫ99%İص䡣ַһЦ
Լҫ˵һԭ򣬱ϾԼΪߣɵĴ۾ҪԼ޷õʦĵãؼȵȡ
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δԲӡӢҡɫΣ֣ǿ߽ҪСģҫ֮·λھֵһᣬҪǴһȥẦǵġ
״ҽöΣҺϤҵûʦ븸׶ѡ񡣡
ӵǺ͹ǰǺ졣
ءӢؿڣֻҪҿڣһӦַ壬ӢЦַ㣬Ҳ԰ʸףҲ֪ޣԡ
鷳ˡַЦұȽϲԼһˡ
ޡӢ¶ЦݣĿһбٿ𣺡ΣƜnǰˡ
ַǿԶ̤ƶƜnǰ΢΢ͷ
Ɯnַк
Ɯn߾ƜnҾ



1025 Щע߸
߾
Ӣ޲һ
ʶ»ˣȴĻӰ
ض񡣡ַ΢΢һЦ
˿ǵõϢƜn
ἰв֪塣ַ
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֪ϢӦþȷܶࡣƜn
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ҫʥÿҫǿҪʥأ漣԰漣ʥһ
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Դ⣬űʥһյ㣬壬ǴԴ۽ǣʶֱ֮ΪԴ⡣
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һصıԴ޷֧Դ⣬ֻһӣ춨Դ֮ĵĴڡ
Դ⣬ϵֱַӽ֮Դ硣



1026 
֮Դ硣
ַ߹ͨ磬֮ӦԽԽŨŲ׵Ĺ֮ȻͱԴ֮ԶԶ޷ȣĬѾѵÿɹ֮Դ⼫֮
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ܽ뱾ԴģǾǿߣҫ˽22ˡ
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лǰַм
Զҫһųϵġ


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ҫǰԼ򣬼ıԴ⣬߸һһҫ˾ǿ߲ĵã˴ѪҲΨҫˣ漣԰ʷõıԴ⡣
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ϰʱԼܽ˵ľݡ
ȥٰ㡣Զ
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Ρ빬һ޴Ρ
ÿһǶһţӦ֮мһƬ麣ÿһԴⶼǶڣµķãʵϹ֮ԴⲢ࣬ԼԴ̫٣ݹҫʷҲǷëǡ
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ֻǵⲿ٣񵶷һ޷
ڲļͬмޣ߼ศɣӦ٣ַܷĺ͸ɲס
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1027 δ

~Զ
ָģΪԼѾʵޣҪΪڸûܣʶɾѡΪҫҫˡ
ʵϣҫһ
Լļޣѡ˶еǽӽ޵ߣ˵֪Ȼ֪
ƽپ߾ʾ˶24꣬ĺᡣԶ¶Ľ֮ɫ;ɾͣʸ־Ƶڳ̡
漣԰ѪǿߣСµҲ˰ɡ
ħǽȻǿߵľ籬漣԰ǣҫǣȻδǲ֪Զͷƾƽپ͵߾ţҫ˶סԼҫ
δҫ߶ԶͿ
ޣ֮⣬Զ˲ʱһ
Զַ壬Ǽ۶У֮Դ֣ɵɫ̬
һ̬ϰˣԶ֮

̬
գı¡
һ̬ɫһع֮ܡ
ڶ̬ɵɫ£ܳܵļ¡
̬ɽɫ£١
ַǵú
ʵϣֻ̬ڴ˵֮УҫҲδϰãΪ޷ܡȻع֮Ϊ١ƿܴﵽٶȣͨں֪ж
˺ײ
Ϊͨ˵޷⼫ѹ
һڶ̬ܳܵļ¡ַͣ٣й׺΢飬ϱļƿأպܿ졣
ĥϣѳЧ
žžžַתͷԶοЦݡ
߾Ȼ鴫ԳȺԶ˫̶ͫһ̬Ҵδ˵һ̬棬Ҳķʮ졣
ַЦǰ˳
ʵԼ֪ԭڣ˵ԸΪ֡
塣
Լ㹻ǿ׳֮ǿй֮޲ĲٿظɣԼǿΪ100ǿΪ5һ̬ҪƴﵽΪ1ôԼֻ1%ǿҪõ20%֡
ԶˬʶЦǿܺá
пʲô⣿
ַͷУʡ
һԸѧһԸ̣ܿŨŨΧ֮Сַ˵ǰ沢һʱԴҪֻ㹻ǿʵܻ㹻ջ

ʮһ
ಣַ¼
ڶصĹ֮ɫ£֮Դַ˫ϣγһȶѭܹɣɫ»ƿռ䡣
죡
µĿ졣
벻϶ˡԶϿգЦҡͷ
ʤַһһԽ˸̾ԶʲôҲˣַһ麣̵࣬һȫգҡ
ıá
ٶȣѾˡԶԭɣַձãǿ
Խǿ壬ӦԽǿĹ֮
δġ
һ죬ҫ˻財
һᡣ

лǰָ㡣ַ幧ס
ΪԶǰָ㣬ʹԼʡʱ䣬ߺܶ·Լ֪ϰǰһ̬ķʮ죬ڶ̬ʱ䡣
ʮ
ԴˣѧѾ
ǰķѼʮϰʱ䣬
Լһ̬պܿ죬ڶ̬ûĸ¿ҲɲˣϾڶ̬Ҫ󣬸ƿظߡԼ޷100%Ѿ˵ڶ̬
ɫ¡
Զ΢Цû´ĻַӦδްɣ
ǰַͷ
ʮһ죬ԶһֱԼָ㣬Լ
ԶͷȻˣѹյڶ̬Ѹ١
ǰϤĽ̵ַ
ֻ㼸ѡԶ΢΢һ٣Ŀ⾼Ȼ壬ӿ80%
ַҡҡͷ
70%Զ֮һݡ
ַ廹ҡͷ
60%
50%

30%
Զ۾ԽԽ
ˡַջҡͷԶסԼؿڣЦѣС̫ˡһԶƽ飺ҲûʲôýˣҪԼҹ۲ܷ100%
ܴܿﵽ2.5̬ƿؾ磬ɫ¡
ǣǰַ˫ԡ



1028 
ˣ
ǧȷϢǴ漣԰дģ漣ֹ߲һм١
ûʦ˵ˣ׻׳д£ɿԳ˳ϡ
ϧֻڣȥ棬
ַҫʥڣŸ
ҫʥǿߵͽܣŮӵȵȣ֣Ϣɣʱȫָ档ַŻٶȣȡŸ鱨ϢǾȥ
ġַ⡣
ҥֹߣϢǼٵҫʥֳ˴ĲļûɲֹϾԼ֪Ϣ£ǹȥ¡
ҡ
ҫʥһǿ߶δַĹ۲죬̸۵ϢԼжϣѿԵóۡҫ˴󲿷ֵľǿߣûչصĿ¡
ȥˡ

Ǿ
߾ļӡ³ǡ
ڣַʵ
³Ǵ˼߾ʦʮǰѳš
ţ
ַһȥ棿
³ǵͷʦûнӦǣ飬ݻ񾳣֣ս󣬳˳ɵľǿ߶ǰȥ߾ȥô
ԣĴġַૡ
³֮ԽԼһǴΪļӣͷͽܣļӶ磬Ϣ׼ȷҪࡣ确ݻ񾳡ȵȣ֮ǰҫʥϢɣδἰ
ġ³ǵʦϵѣһνĲҫˣ漣԰Ĭ壬صˣǳһڴǰ
һ԰ɰš
ַ֮
һȻǴ̣֮˴Լȫ⣬أۣ棬ǲӡĳȻڡĬǷǷģǷˡؼʱ򡪡
ħ
Լ֪һ漣԰ǲǿ߽ɥĹؼǴ֮ţһ
ħڲϳɳǿߵѹվأͻȻ¶֣˵ħ޹ء˭ţΪأ۵Ĵڣųѹסħ塣
һǰǰ󣿡ַʵ
³ҡҡͷ֪󡭡ӦǵһΡ
ַš
оһַ³΢΢һЦ֪ˣлϢǡ
õģˡ³ǻ

³
ַǡԶ챦ĴڣΪԼõ˵һԶ챦ףܹԶ챦ȥطӡĬǴĬĵԶ챦һԶ챦ڡ
ʵܼ򵥣Զ챦һ߻ϣضиӦַ򴽡
Լֻ÷뿪ԴʯиӦ˵ڶԶ챦ѱãôܿܺԶ챦޹ءܾ֮ܿǵڶԶ챦
˫̥һһԶ챦ȻڶԶ챦ַ
൱֮ߡ
ֻ޷ȷϣΣ̫ڶԶ챦ǱãôԼᱻԷסΧλãҫʥ̫ĿһԶ챦֮һͶ
棬÷Ӧ١ַд㡣
Զ챦ǷйأһԼڱУ˶Ĭǿߣʢݴֻĥ¼ʶһҲû
Լսͨǿߣȱ⣬Ա´ࡣ
ʱ򣬸ýҫˡַӰ৵ʧ

Ųҫ⡣
ҫ֮֮أÿһҫǿ߶ھŲҫлԼҪıӷַýڰ˲ʸѡһƷʥ
ʥֻأܴ졣
ΧûҵʥΨðΣշпܻã˳ƷʥҲʮֺУΨҫʷõд
Ϊַ֮ţó
߾ص߹
߲ѾҪѫ»κõıҲ޷תãýʸ߶еǼǡ۵ĿУַҫڰ˲㣬ʱա
Եܱտռ䣬ܴţȫԼѡ
ҫ˵صء
ҫڰ˲㡭ַԣ֮ǰĵĵ㲻ͬĿû飬ۻҵıÿһޱȾ£õ޼֮
ҫ˹Ȼɵйַ̾
Ŀֻһɨ˲ʱǰһ



1029 ҫڰ˲
һŶĲɫ
ɫʲϱãӵй˵ħҪַ嶼֪ʲôı
ĳƷʥַ־ǿڻĵֿûԴʯҲǳһȵģҲƹʥ൱ȫ棬츳֮κһ涼żǿ
½ӽڵ츳֮꣬쐻ޣƾ輫ǿ־Ųɫʩչпܶǿɱˡ
ܺãʺڵԼ
ǿߣ־൱ǿᣬЧַףԼĻ䲻Ʋ϶⣬νΨһһγƷʥѡ˷
ԼԭӮµĶ֣ŲɫͬӮˡ
ο
츳֮꣬ʥһŲɫѡ
ɫڡַѡԴʪŽʥȡõĵһϵʥ츳֮ıԼѪξѣκԴǽһڶͼȡ
ҵ츳֮Դʯԭͻ
ֻҪͻƿڣڣ츳֮Ĳαϵʱܳǿⶥɫڡ

ⲽҫڰ˲㣬ַ岢ż
ѡĻֻһΣҪҵʺԼģʵԼ˵ҪĪڵߵһ߿ʲôûУûһѳֱѾڵ
ʶʥʹ͡
ҪΪѡַԼսǱȽģڵǧľԴʯѾȫ档
ȻҪսϸڵĲ̫ˣǿ磬ǿǿԴȵȡ
ν׷̫
Ʒսסַ߽һսףϷһƶ޵ͼڣ֮ս̹֮԰ϵĹмѵĿá
ʥסַĿһɨ
ڰսԱעãصȱһһ֡һԱĳʥԼϣ̲żǿĹ֮
ƹ޵Ļ顣ַͷ
νƹޣӦþϷƹ޵ޡ
ƺڰ֮֮ΪϡַϸΪ֮һսףͬȼսӹͻѡ
ַüͷ΢š
ѹ׹ʥ׷ûȡߡһħпƣοǷսףೣħսٺʲƫƫ
ѡ
ħ壬óǾ֮֮ԴֻǸ
ԣֻǳƷʥַͷ˹ʥһۣΪѡ֮һ漴

ƷʥZ
ѪʥѪŨȣַǰ۴Сٻɫʵ̲صͺһŨ۴Сһ˲󱬷
ԼʳκһѪʥҪǿ
ֻΨһһš
ԭ߿šַ忴ZĽܣҫڰ˲㱻һֱȻȺܶ೬ƷʥĹأս󣬵Чȴ޿
ѪʥһЧѵġ
ǿʮа˾޷ѵѪ˵ǿߣѪʥǿҡַѪڶξѺ͵ξѲܴ
ǰ졣
ÿһٶԼַĿϾӣʥʥ࣬ȻҲһЩصıĸѪפأһЩȵȡ
ءַһбĳϸ¼һЩꡯ֮⣬೬ųԱ棬вһǴ֮ţԶǧɥĹء
أǿ߽Ĳࡣ
ȿռϻַһͣǰһıİ͸ɣǬֽǶȵĽһңάռ䡣
档ַ֮
ԣĬĿƼġƷһССĿռϻôС
ܴһȿռ䣿ַռϻϷһɫİťԽ԰°ťܽԼ뵽һʮƽ׵ȿռ䣬룬Ϣһʧᱻ֡
ַΣֱȿռ䣬˭κεˣ
ûҵ˿϶С׶ˡ
ԭҪʮ뿪ʱ䡣ַշȻһЦҪǿ׷ɱ·ӣ˵ʮ룬һ붼и޴ȱݾһľ޷䡣
šַ



1030 ȿռϻ
ˡַȿռϻ
ڵ˵Ҫڵһλδ棬ϴ˴󼯺ϣ߻ۣԶ챦ĳֱؽһȷѪ꣬νΣķ
ʮʱû⣬ֻҪʩչʱɣ˾ٶܺԼĶ֣ܱס
ȿռϻĿǳһҪ̶һַϸܣҪҪ̶ͣԭʮ룬ûʸҫڰ˲㡣
ֹȿռʱŲ0.1룬Ȼ˲Ϣս޷ʹãԼ˵ôѾܴ
Ǿ䡣ַͷ
߻ᵣ⣬ԼӵԴʯ˳άһȿռϻʲô
϶һ죬һھȫ޷ϣʱȿռϻˡַѴ̣ʮƽ׵Ŀռ㹻ȿռһ֣Լȫн뱾Դ
һá
ͬͻıȿռϻ˵׶˶Լû̫Ӱ졣

ȿռϻصǼǵһ
ǵġַͷ
õģ鷳߾ԵƬְ̣¡߸׵
ûϵַ΢Ц
ҫ߲ϣȡȫյĵǼǵʽԼһǼǵ߾ͻһ㣬ȷԼûжáⲢǲΣֻһ̡
ܿ졪
ˣ߾ѾǼǣ롣߹
ַͷ
ڿԴ첻Ŀȥ֪ȿռϻҫڰ˲ŲϺţѡǼֵΪȣĿǰҫڰ˲бġ
ȿռϻ

ҫʥս硣
ҫʥֵĵط֮һҫʥǿ߶ｫսΪԼҪһУʥҩʳܣŮֻҪ뵽Ķһ
Ȼַ֡ڴϣȺϢ
ս粻ֹҫ˵ǿߣͬͨˣͨҲڵʵʮԲͬնԼ֪սĴڣδ
ҫ˺漣԰Ľ硣ַ
ҫʥλ漣԰ڣԵѭ漣԰أһζıչ漣԰Χһľ׮ѿսĴڣɫȺ㣬ľ׮ΧʻȻûôˡ
ȻսĹϽȨҫˣ֮һɽϽ
ֱؼȳۣȴֻҫˡ
߹·Ҫˣ漣ҩվۣඣ
³¯ĻԪκƷһŰȬʮţһٿʮţ

ͼˣĵͼȫģ55%ķΧѱ̽Ѱ
ƨΪ漣ʥˣ55%һ65%أ
ϹҪ65%ĵͼҸգ

ַС
պǻǢ󽵣߽룬ĸƷķˮǵһνߵͼҪԼ˵ô
ڴϳŽģֻΧĵͼھǿ߶ݺΧûеͼ޹ؽҪ
ԼҪĵͼս򲻵
ҲνȺûΪ֮һԱżأ֤ڲһ㡣ĵͼЧ΢
˵µһħŮǲİ
ȻǣҹȥƷˣһˮۣʮ㣬ŮȫͬҪȥħʢŮħ塣
֣ȥ

ַȽһƬ
ԷɫĶֻипĬǵħ޻Թ֮ǲ졣ħ°࣬ūֺγ
վһߣʹħ塣
վħһߣΪĬʵͬʹࡣ
Լ
߶ǵˡַ
ԼľʵܡӡĿǰ˵ԼʱվһߣɱħΪϾǵü޵ΣǡԼ˵ݱ¶
Ӧáûʲô𡣡ַ⡣
ĬǵڶĺᣬԼǵ࣬ѪԵ˵ʵһ뵽ΪֹԼɱܣδ¶Լǿ߶ûƣ֤ȷûʲô̫졣

СΪϡַ
ϰʮǰУ㲻ʲôĽֵַܿҵһر꽨ȽһĨ΢ЦԼսĿĵء



1031 i
i
Ĭ֮һiĬҲΨi屾ɡĬѪ۷Ѫɻƿط磬ԴصĸӦͣÿ˶֮ӡ
i壬ǰϵѪ۷塣
ĬУiλĩһ壬Ѫ٣ֻǶԸħ尵֮ԴᱻࡣսĹiĬ֮ĩ
ʶ޾i˱֤Ѫ֮⣬һӵ£ֱiٷĬĩһ壬Ϊ

꣬Ͼµĵ
ĽiĵΪĬ۷
ַ̤С
Ũ˲Ļӵһiʶ̵ÿһۺȻŨŨ֮⾳һ˿
áſڴִ߹
ৣ
ַȡƣִһǾϹˣ
һе֮ΧʱһڶĿͶַһߣiҫʥڣǿߵĵǼΪġiʶĽ̹Ҳս⡣
ȥiַơ
ǣˡִ߹

һ۳羴ĿУַ崩ãi
i漣԰ĴɼiȺĸÿһiн̹٣̵ϰڵiiϰߣi屾ٱֹi塣
ʵiĳԣݵģʽǳսؼ
i岻ڳۣ˵ûаôԵؼ˵ֻ豣ǿľ㹻ÿ׵һеȵȡ
Ӱiϣġ
οս롣
i壬ַˡһȶ˵ŮҾǸ
áַͷ
ַüһЦ򵶻ǵؼ
ؼַ
ǧľԼѾ򣬵΢̶ǿڵϲ㼶𡣴˴νiĿģΪ˸߲εĵս
õģַ˸ƣ漴ǰ·
ַţβǰ

i
֪ʲôʽѡؼַ΢Ц
ʲôʽַ档
ַ׵иݼ۸ģľģԴģ͵ȵȡ
硣ַ岻ȱǮ
ַͷҪĵ밵֮Դںϵĵ
ɡַ
ĵһЩȴǵĻһȫԸ䱸սףսѥԼǿǹ֮봿ĵϣӸǿ
ںϲǼ׵¡
밵֮ԴںϵĵսøҲǿ˵һЩ
ַ΢Цӵа֮Դַ밵֮Դںϵĵ
ԡַͷ
Լֻð֮İħһϣӵйⰵ֮壬Ҫ֮ϲ¡ַûֱ밵֮Դںϵĵս졣
õĴˣĵľǡַ΢Ц
΢ַ
ַ¶ɫ漴ָȻԵȡ
ܿ졪
ַȡȻͬĵؼ˹Ŀ׵ϴڵĵľ磬סɱرؼ޿ɷ۷ס
Ҫϡֱַӵ
صĵԼǧľ㹻ЩǿҲֻؼ޵ĵںϱԴ֮ǿǿ˶٣ǾǴĵںϱԴ֮
ҪҪϵġ
ַɫ΢΢ԥˣϵĵi塭⴫
أڡ
͵֮𣬵ӵеصǿߣ˳ǿߣĵ⴫
ַ΢΢ü
ҡҡͷ¶ʧ֮ɫ漴ת
Եȣַȥ״ַ֪˿ɷ֪ţѯһȺ
ޣ
ַ֮һ鲢ǲ⴫ǿˡ
ҫ˵߾ַ塣ַⲢûʲô
õģˡַҾ¡

ĵȴ
ַ岻Ļ޹صڣԶδiߡi忪iΪĲֹӰͬڽύǿߣԼҫʥȵiػᡮԳ϶
ǣǵȺĿ⡣
ܿ졪
˾õˡַƿţ񣬳֮Իһߴӣ˲¶Цݡ
߾



1032 ħа
ˣһǿߡ
ĬĿǿߣλףiԲפǿߣȻǴ漣԰ģȻҲȴôһʱ䡣ˣԳiĳ⡣
áַߴ֡
ߴЦݿ䣬Ҳҽһ£iܹܡ
ַ塣ַԱ
ܹܣȻֻһiӦiĴܹܡ
ŵ߾أȻŲһ΢ЦΪֵܽǰ;޿лҪһ¡
ˡַǫ
һʱȡ׾װؼΰϣiĹأȷ۵ϵĵؼΪֵء԰գؿڣˬʵؼiĲ֮أѪᾧ
Ȿа⵶潫а⵶ĵԹ֮Ķڰ֮ںϣס
Ȿ϶ص󡷣ĵ󣬶һ絶磬һһԾİ֮۹׵е̳
Ȿ׷ɱڡ϶ص󡷣ӯȣ֮˲ıױȡ
׵صĵ
ַĿԡ
һףԼսвСֻԼޣֻһ
Էôַʵ
Ȼ΢Ц
Ƥ£Բַ͵ǵ
ַţ漴򿪣һ׵ʲôܷͣӳʲôֻ跭ؼǰһС־סַԲ̰ģÿؼⷭҳ˽һЩš
޷棬϶صǾԵݿࡣ
һһᣬ׷ɱɸգӯ鶯̿ɱˡ
а⵶Ϊӹģ۹ȲǰףʤڡԴء
ַؼ۾
ؼǧ˵Ծ񣬵˵ʵÿһƫģǺʺԼҲѹ֣֮ÿһ߶Լһ֮֮Խ̣Խϱ˵ĵ֮ǡ
ںϡ
ҫڰ˲ıһײ档
ĽύͬǵأؼҲֺûǿiԲõؼַۡ漴ۣ΢ȻЦҡͷ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬漴ָƽ
ؼֵһҲô
ҵĵ֮ʼЩֲַ
ΪԼڵȴȻһʼó׵صؼ֤iԽύԼܿءˣһǵĵƣܸʲôĵ
Լţһ׵ؼʤǰס
⡭Щԥ
ڵ߾ַϣõʱʵһ24ĳţƾʿݲλ漣õھ⻹ֹõھʱ䡭
ǿΪǿߡ
ٶȲǿ죬ȫ
ĬԷǿôǢ˺֮䱾ͻìܣ׵˶⣬˵λȨĵĬ壬ĶǣԱƴңһֱѹһͷħڣĬѾڧ
ύǿߣǿߣĬÿһ嶼
ַĳţ¾ѱע⵽ûзŴ󣬶ַ屾ӼӰҪύҲû취´ûһύֹ¸ҡ
ûôַʵ
شûˡԼѡһףǻش𡭡
һס˼лعЦݡ
ޣַ尵Ȼ
类ڵһ㣬ȡһɫĵؼǹӣȴʸУӦ޻޵ƤƳɣؼֽŶǷƷϷӡз̺ħġħа֡
ǵؼַ
ľԴ͡
ǵؼûΪ˵Ϊа۳һ׵ᣬΪħаֵܿɱСⱡһп̲аһѪᾧ
ַĿ⾼ǡǿߣ
ͷľ磬ؼޡ
ַ֮һ𣬷ؼ
˵ľǿߵôؾǿߵıݼޡ
סħаiеؼǰλҲóõһסַ壬Цҡͷֵ׶Ļ
ҪˡַֻķҳǺϡ



1033 ֵ
Ļǲܾš
ħаȻiеؼǰλiֻۣһ֡ؼԳΪi֮
Щطû˵ѡ
Ȿħааȷǵľؼ޵ǿߣؼҲἰؼеȷаľѧħаػһҪصľ磬ڶҪصľ磬
صľ硣ַ尵ݡ
۵ȫǰ׵ؼ
ĵؼ˵iǲۣܳħаͬ
ֵܹȻص֮ˣ顣¶ЦݣⱾħаܾսֱڶǿߣֵҪ˾ٶսûá
лַһЦ
ԼȻ֪˼ҪԼi顣
ս桭ԥһ£ΪⱾħаǳ֮ʶ۸Ѷַ壬ǳֵܿвˡֶԲסⱾڶĵؼ
ˡڶĸ֣ɣİ۸Σ
һ̫
ַҲƴǣа⵶϶ص󡷺͡׷ɱ׵۸Σ
оһľصĵؼ1000սа⵶1600ս϶ص4000ս׷ɱ5000ս
ˣħаΪֵ1սַ
һɫЩÿֵ֪ľصĵؼ۾1ս
ַ֪ħаֻǵľصĵؼ1սΪ㹻ۡ
ħаУħаػڶǵľأǵľأ
֣а󣬿ּħаػַ
⡭˲ʱʵ
ûСַΪݡħаأħаػδɣǵһǵڶҪ밵ħ״̬Ѷȼߣһͻ߻ħ
á
û뵽ַֻⷭħа£ôࡣħаȷħаػδɣΪ׵аˡ
߻ħ
Ϊ˴ĵ밵ħ״̬ʶħû
ˣۡüͷšѱѹס
ħаѶȴΣմּ׵Ҳ޼ַ׵ãֻ̫ƫôȷǵصؼҡҺܾش׵аǰ
ɣҳ12000򡣡ַ
λҪԶԶ߳12000򣬱Ͼصؼi塭ûط򵽣ҫˡ
2սɡü
ַ岢˵ֻǿ
ıƶϳ2սĵߣ
֮ǰĵߡ
һڼۣ15000ļλеĻַ¶һĨշȻЦݣ˲ʱ֮һӼת漴ҧҧɽ
졣ַȡսʯ΢Ц֡

һؼķ15000ս
ŵ֡
ֵá
ʵλ5ϡַصĵؼֹһңصĵؼiһҡϡΪԽ߼ֵԽơ
ħаػӵصأýǧľ
׵õϵ
ַ⡣
һû˵ħаػĵȷȷڶĵȻ׵׶˺ܴӰǣ߻ħԼµľӰ졣
ΪԴʯȷһʧ
ħֱ֮Ϊħ֮ʧܵӰ죬ʱ֮Լɫıһħа÷Լĳ赺ϡ
15000򣬻ֵáַһЦ

뿪iַ
ӵ4սԲ˷ѣȻ޷ҫ⣬սгʥ۵ģϡءûа취ʥΪ죬ʥֻнزС
ǰַԾԵսƹѹ׵ĳʥ漴뿪
ܻ֮гʥν˷ʱ䡣
˵䱸ǲˡ
ҫˣƜnɾھѾҫ˵һ㶼ƾڹַҲֵ˦ƹ񣬺˸棬䣬ܿ뿪
~~âַӰʧ
ǰ档



1034 ţС
ҫפء
ΪľأפΧ᷽ܶ࣬ϾÿһʹöҪĲұҲҪػ
⣬ͬΣա
~ַĵСעĿϾĺܡ
ǱΪ߾ֻһСҫʥľ֪˶֪ҡַ߾߸Ƿëǡ
λֵĺܣǾǿߣӭһž޸Ĵ󺺣
ôַͣ½Ų
ˬʶЦҽҰţɾھŽףǱ߻ֵܡ
ַ塣ַ֮һЦ
ҲİҰţֹһ£´ַ壬ȴ񿴺ˮһȫ͸ַʵɵֵҲȥİɣһˣ
ԡַӦ
ҰţһȻһˣֵܲһͬУ
ţ
ַ΢΢죬ҰţһɾиԵĶ飬ٻòʶİ˼룬漣СһҰţԼݶ֪Լ룬ʵ֡
ֵ֪ܿܲˡҰţָָķ˸УѾ֡˵ţ΢壬¶ֱһ̵ĵۣˣֶˣüŻָԪ
ַȻͷһЦ
ǰҰţĺ󺺵ҲȤҪ˼룬ȴԼĵȫ͸˳
Լǡ淢ʲô
Ϊʲôˣַʵ
Ұţ¶һĨ׹⣺Щ£ҫ˺ȫˣ׻;涯֣˫ۣɱ
ˣ
ַüͷһš
һ԰ˣҫ˺ʶˮݣҰţľ棬˵ڶʵǱѰ
˭Ӯˣַʵ
ǺҰţַ֪ʣˡ
ַͷ
һҫһ˵ڶǶ֣˺ҫɱҲԼ֪ǣΪʲô˺ҫ˻󶯸ɸꡣ
ȥһĵְɡַЦҰţ΢΢һʱȻЦ֡

Ŷߣû
ַ棬ؾͳأ˵·ণ˽šҰţ˰£֪Ķ϶٣ܴԼܿ״̬
ȻҰţĸҲԼһء
˺Ҫ
СΣǶáҰţܵ
áַ΢΢һЦ
һŷۺɫഺڼŮ۾¶Цݣָ硣
ϵַӦϵĹ֮Դ
ɱСǵáԵĺڼ§סõļЦֹ񣬽սλӰޱȣϴκǼ쵰ǲӳ졣
ַ΢ЦĴָ
СڣԽҺڼӰԴ¶һצĺ
ַ塣ַա
ۣȺ֣ĳûǺ˶ദܼһ֧飬Ȼʱ䲻̫ãԼ˵Ӧûһβó̡
~ҰţˬʶЦӭţСµĳԱɾַ壡
ַ֮ǰûгϣҲûзϣֵҰţȻȻͰɾߣһ˽פز඼Ǿǿߡ
˵ӳһԸ۾һף˼ַľ仰˵ţСӣֻʱһжˡ
ûôҰţһ㶡
ȻûСַʼ硣
ûûɡҰţҲ⣺ֵҲû飬Ҳ˵׼ǰɣֵܣ
ַ΢Цͷ
ʣ˼ôش𡣡
ҰţȻЦٿãôã񲻿ĵӣʲô֣
ûعһЦûвĶӳֻǡַ壬۾˸ź棺Һַ֣벻ˡ
ЦҶҫ˵ɾֺ
Ҳǡš
ַ岢ơ
֪ǰԼƾʿһ·նλھ䶯һʱַ֮Ȼ쳹Ѿȥҫ֮·ʸλսÿ궼УԼû֣Ȼˡ
ʵǡ
ϲʶԼʵ޹ؽҪ
ʲôʱַʵ
ҰţƳúͺƻָô
ֻСˡõ
ָųɣ㹻Щ쵰ٴ֣¶⣬սԡ
ãҰţİ壺Ǹˣ




1035 ֪̫
ţСӽ档
һάű׼Σִ̽ǰλڶм䣬ַҰţλڶ󷽣˺óһΣɶмɹ˿ء
飬ݻ𣿡ַ档
û֮ءҰţ
֮أ
ַĿ΢Ȼû棬ҲΡĲ֣һΧ֣ǿߵĥ֮أһǿƽء
ǷشѾصشǿ߶䡣
ǴǳʥֻĵΣճ̶ǿ߶ѱȫ
ģ֮ء
˵סĵط
֮صܿ壿ַ
棬ܴ
ΧϿҰţϸܣشܿһ֣˵ڴģȫأۡ
񡭡ַ˼
Ҳ˵һǡ
أм꣬Ļ֮٣Ŀ¸Ƿëǣ׼ȷж޴޿ɿ֤Դַ岻κۼΪʵΪ顣
ݻʲôַʵ
ҲӦǺĶɡҰţ૵

ַӳ㲻֪һ壿
ҰţҡҡԴҲ֪֪׻ǶＷˣ漣԰ˣ˵ݻ񾳿϶ǺöҪܷһǾˬˡ
Ҳǡ
ַһЦȫǿһѷȥʱֵ֤

ǰС
ţСӱǺܶΣ·ΧֻЩ޺ǿǳޣǿ˵Ǹĥ֮أַ˵в
ʵԶ빥óãڽս׾˺鳬ޡ
вţСӵޣǴڷ磬ѪξѵԶޡ
㲻ˡҰţûиָħԶΣҪСĶ࣬ȻбԶ޺Ͳľ֮飬ħݴɥĹأǴ֮ҪõĶࡣ
ַͷ
Σճ̶ȣǵ͵ġ
ȻֻԶԣرվͲСǿ߳棬ֱޱȡ
˵տʱŽпֲһûѪҺûʹУʵǿᣬɱǿ߿캰أƬײҰţʧˣΣվ

ӦǸ߿ƼĻеսʿַĵ
ĴڻȷĬйһοƼϾڵħǰеսʿ޲ͬ޻ҷܣʵеսʿһľ޷Ȼ͡ˡ
ߣеսʿǱģɱһһ
Σգ౾Ұţаһ˸УţСǰǰʮΣÿһζ˽˳ƫƫһΡ
Ұţüٶԡ
ȻаˣΪӳСӵְ²ܱҡ
ַ⡣
úһ飬˵ɢɢˡ
ˡַ˫һţҲǰԾ衣ҫˮݣҩһ㼴׻˵ڶѽξĽ棬ʽĵжԡ
ԼȦУԲ⡣

ܺ˵ǿȤַȭȫѪҺȼգ͸¶ս˷ܡ
ս

硣
һƮݵվɫϣңԶ
ˣӶӳԭ
ӳжˡӰһһͷӡ
˵ԭ
ţСѾΧġԶҰ롯ͷӵ
ˣԭʵ
Ϣĸһ¼ġͷӵ
ţԭüëһ
һףͺСӦøճΪɾûáͷӵ
ԭͷЦ֪ϴνˣԼ
ǰͷЦӳҪҰţǶҫפҲû취ƫƫñľɵġ
ԭ֪̫١
ôӳͷӵ
ԭƮȻǾãǽ磬к죬˵ԼҲܵõһö
ͷԥ᲻ᡭ
õġԭ׿ȻȽһĨЦݣţСõĶֻ֪Ǿ
͹



1036 
ӡַ
ҰţͷߵǾӢ·ߣʵܹǽ㣬ԵʵȨӵߣڶǾ棬ǣӵǿߣƿ飬һɫǿɣһǿߴǿɡ
ǿǵһӣĸھӢǿߣһǿߴĸǿߵСӣӳԭǿǿߡ
ַͷ
˵ҫһ֧Ӵľӣô˾һɾӢǿɵǿˡ
ۺʵҫǿһȣǿʵҪʤһǿߣҫֻ˼ܹǿߣǿߣҫ223513
Ĺ죬˱ǿ
ǰȡ壬ľסԭǿȫҪڷشҰţ̾
ڵսͿʼвࡣ
βԭǣַ档
¡ҰţһЦⲻɣѾˮϵˣشǰȥϼǣˮӻͲԭˣлᡭΪǱ𣡡
ˮ
ַ֪ɾҫٽأҫʥΪƳľ֮һǻۣ磬ΪڶĽ
ˮţСӣԼ⡣
ͬҫˣˮ˵ԲܾҰţǵ
ַӳҰţ֮ǰԼΪΪڿԼˡҰţĿģΪȥֵܱ
һڻˮǰϾСأַ
ҰţһţܵģǰǺǽսʱѾӽӦѾ룬ڷشһϡҰţĿַ壬ǻڻ㣬㳷ˡ
ĿԣַӶӳҰţпϡ
һһԾŶˡ
ллַ΢΢һЦ


𿴶ѨڣʵʲôûУЩȪˮ˻ǿǡӳҰţЦ
ַ´ΧĶѨʵܿ£ΪʲôΣն֪һϺܿӵĻᶼûС
˴·ȷʵʡ
ԼһˣҲ߳Ƭ޴ԶҰ룬ٲ˷ѵ㹦򣬱ϾĴʧ
ԶҰΣյķƬ۵ĹȵأС̤ǿ߶һӳҰţɫƵx𣬲ֹȺޣη幥ǿᣬѪŶȫӰ졣
ַš
ɫ΢΢أĳĶѨԼĸоӳҰţ˵ôãƺ˵ʲô
죬ţС߹롣
ʮ֮һ·̣Ǿ뿪ѨֱӴԶҰ롣ӳҰţЦԶҰ߳Ϫӵ߾ܽɽиõط֪˲࣬ȥúòһ
һ
ַ֮һ˵ٿüͷ΢šĿֱĺڶѨͷ
Ϣ
飬Ϣ
ӳԶҰxȺôַ忪ڵ
ӳҰţ֪ûС
šַͷ
ӳҰţٲȻûвȺˣǰͺ̣ɱҲɱ꣬ǾǲҲѲƤ
۸Ҳûʲôջ񡣡ַЦ
ӳҰţصͷûԶҰx𼸺ڹȵأϡҪȻɶһȦҲҪ·ҡͷԣҰţxȻܼɵ
ַɫƽ
ԲxЩʵǿΪޣֻ߳ϣٶ඼ں
ں·£ţСһԽԽӽѨͷͬӽǽֻx𡭡
ɲȻ䡪
ǰȻ
ӳҰţɫٱ䣬о޸˲ʱȣ׼ӭս
λӰˣָ趯ңۺɫ֣֮۳ɼֻһ˲˱кöΣս׼Ӧٶȼ졣
ΨַȻɽ
Ȼһ˫ĿȴԹҹгȵ̫
¡¡¡Ѩ𶯣Ĥ·ҪƣĹʱõĶӳҰţɴ˫ͫɫֱ䣺x𣡲ܣôx𣡡
䣬ǰһӰǺ
ֻx׼ӭսӳȣҰţ·ǽȻ
ɶ񣡡Ұţﲻ⣬Ҳܿƽ񣬾޸׹
¡¡¡
ѨԽԽǿң·Ҫ̮xϢԽԽӽ


1037 
Ψַƽվ
ȥ鲻㣬δüӦʵˡһεڵĶѨУȫţС˸оȴܲ
壬бǿΣո֪
վǰҰţͺˣһ޸׹᧣һ¶xսΪ˸ǼɵԲҪĵˡ
ֻxڶѨ֮Уռݵ
һսӮ£Ҳ˲ᡣ
Ѿû·
ણડ
ʱ侲ţҰţͺţͷϵ亹Ȼһսȴûз֮ǰ̮ĶѨԽԽСʧȥ¥ա
ˡַ忪ڵ
ţС̫ţŵΧĸӦʧ
ˣ
Ұţ޲һԲ԰׵ɫȻ˲ʱӦ漴¶ȴϲı飺ˣ
ɣôϲ⡣
~ᰴؿڡ
ϲʤٺ
ܺãû˥ȥӳҰţx𹥻Լǿٻ룬䲻֪ʲôԭ򣬵ߴˣ
ֵַܸǴ˺ˡȻЦ
ַ΢΢һЦ
ĿѨͷԼȻxΪλ᳷롣
ûôɺϺx֮ԳΪǸоΣգޱܣǿǻԿǿߡ
ٶx𣬶ֻ
ӵгǿΣո֪ޣԲ޴֮¡

ţСֵȴһ
ֱȷx뿪ŷؿڴʯǰСһεĴݣһθСĽнٶȶַ֪࣬x뿪δơ
ָѨ⡣
һǣսףĴָڲݵϡַ΢ϡŵ˿˿Ѫ֮ζЩǵȥûжãѪȫޣxĳ֣𰸻ȷ
Ӧڹȵսx𣬲ӳҰţx𹥻Լǿһ·׷϶ֱｫȺߵ߱ɱ
΢ףƺѪȻ档
ǲҲ̶á
ͷǵʱxӦøսɱ¾ڶѨЪϢøպײǹϡ̾һýЩᣬ˴زʶϾһҲԵ֡
߰ɣ˵ز˾ӳҰţ
˵ͷ
֪ܲxΪͻȻȥȻѲٰȫ

߳ԶҰ롣
ţСϪӵܿɽ޾ľ޴ɽı߽糤ǣػƬ򡣽ζ̤Χġ
ߣֵַܣȥһõطҰţˬʵַ
úòһЦ
һʱĸ·ࡣ
áַ΢ЦӦܵõʲôΣţСӵ⣬ǵĴ֮νܾԼʮ֮˾ɽȪˮʵȵȣؾʳǿǡ
ɽС
ҪԨܲϢ
һ·ȴޡ
ûо֣ӳҰţ
ͷȻһֱпڱܿޣһ·ֻսһΣʵ֡Щ޾ͺڶƵģٻӡ
¡ýһЦ
ӳҰţҿ콵ݻϵҴǿӿ棬ֲûǻۣԶףкǿӲӲ̫ǡ
˵ͷ
ҲָĺЦx𶼱ܹˡ
ǰɡַ֮һЦ
˻ǰУٿַ֮һݣ಻Զһɽ۶ϢһǿߣǿߣΧټ
ûɱ⣬Ӧ·ַܿжϡ
࣬ϺûҪȥܿҶشķȥ
ǰС
ٿأȴһ
ţСս˲ŷӳҰţִ޸ɷַԶǡǡǶӳҰţˣҫǽսһ
֮ǰɱţСߵľСӡ
ţһĿɵΪ׵Ŀǿ߾˸˸Ų£漴ָ̧ı䷽ȥսδַвɻظĶӳҰţ
˲ǺҫƳˮôղΪΡַ岻⡣
ԷԲи֪Σյ֪̽ԼʵȽףƫƫδ֪ôսˡ
֡



1038 ˮƬ
ҫǺƳˮ𣬵ҲÿײͺɱӳҰţЩ֮Щ֮ղǰǵСӣʵȷǿǣǶûʲôô
ַͷ
ȷʵܻţСӣɱܵõЩʲô
һͱ˴ɱһڷشӦǻײ򡣱Ͼҫ˺ǳ漣԰ǿһڧ롣
ħǳӦŽһ¡
Ҫಫ漣԰Ҳض䵱Уֹⳡսַз˲ʱ״룬ӳҰţˣվСôᡭ
˭֪һȺӣӳҰţ˲ʱŭɶ֮ǰҲü֧˵Ķ飬˴˿ߵҲֱ֣Ҫ
纮˪Щ˸ʲô˵һֱ
ޣַһ
飬Щ֡
³˵ľӢСԷçײ֮ǡ
С֮ǰзʲôôַʵ
ӳҰţһüͷʱ˼
У飬콵󣡡һҼǵú콵ûãǾͱСϮˡ
콵󣿡ַ
ԡӳҰţصͷǵùˣһ֮ǰտʱУֽǾĽһǷ𹥻

ַ循ѣʱ֮ã߿ƼĻеսʿûܻţٶԴӦúľ˲ǡ
ʲôʵַץסص㡣
ڶսӳҰţǹ룬֮ʹ·Ϊɱ¾ķǾţ֮Աˡ
Աַüʲôû£
ӳҰţʼ磬ٿط·ʲôãը껹һƬɣ
ţǵģǡߵġ
꣬ţСӶԱ
ܸܲҿһ£ַ
ԡӳҰţ漴ѰĴָ૵һƬ֪ʲô
ַɫء
ʱٳֵĻеսʿԱ󻹻Ƭ֤顮Ƭһ㡣
Լû´Ļ
ˡӳҰţݹһ顮Ƭ
ַֽӹ˫ͫƬˮһ㣬״ɫĹ̲ܣâ˸л൱ַˮƬͼҪȥ̽Ѱܣ
֮룬ջ
һ߿ƼˮƬֻ˵ǡ
ǻеսʿĺġַ
ģӳҰţ
һֱһ㣬бըƬ˹״õ
ԣΪⶫСӲŲϧһе׷ɱǣӳҰţҲܿס
ʮ֮˾šַ彫ˮƬݻء
ӳҰţҿҪ̽ѰܣôֻһƬԳЦΪƶʧֵܣ
ԲƶַԴδֹĽֺ콵ǰӣܿйأӳ㡭ޱԼȴ֪
ӳҰţԾŴͣȻѡ
һʱЩȻ
ҿ˵ЩֱӣַӳҰţƥӳõˮƬǻͬѣûСһٴγᡣ
ৣ
ţСɫʱһ䡣
Ǻ¿־壬ŨŨսȽ𣬶ӳҰţĿңǲֻҪܺˮϣ˵СӣһСҶں
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֮ǰ֪Բںȴ֪̫࣬ǵ֪СӺܻܿٴξѻǡͺһŲʱըʱѰ
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1039 Ǭ
СˣƬΡҰţ
šַϢ̽ǿһιصĵ򣬷Թ㣬ڶиѱ淽򡣵ΣյĲƬǶĶ
Ķ๥ԲǿǵʳǶκֻҪܿطΧҪڽӽǾû¡Ȼ㱻Ҳֻܵˡ
ڵĶвԶǿߡ
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ǰΪǬȡӳҰţЦ
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СӣСʱ͸ˡ
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Ľ֮Ұţ

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ӵģò˻ˣҰţɴͭ۾ͷڵϣĿǬȪеַ壬ֹסĲ
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1040 
Ĵε
ϴضõһ֮Ҳ˵ַ֮
ÿֲİ֮ʡҰţа
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ֶǿǳ֡Ƿëǡ
ܶͬʱð֮Դϵģ֮ǻѴʱ䣬ǿŻñԴϣַ岻ǣڶ̶ʱġ
֮ͬԴǡҰţַһ
ЩѴʱ䣬ǿõ֮ߣҪٽһͺѣΪڶصѶʮٱ֮ǰַ岻һܺ޼϶ñԴϣôڶ˵еĵضӵС
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룬ǾǿߡҰţ֪ǣǰַ塭
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1041 β͹
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Ҹܶˣ²ɳ嶯Ƶ
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1042 콵
һ˵ĳֻ֣ǸС
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ԼʸѪξѵԶѪⰵ֮壬Դǽʶð֮Դ׾١֮ԼʵѣԶ밵Դ
׽ٸıΣϸ֮Ľܡ
ڡ֮ϡ
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֮׽ٵܻ֮
Ϊ׽٣֮ɱˣ֮ı̫ࡣߣûйⰵ֮ԼҪ֮Դϸϼѡ
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ַţСٴ̡
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1043 С
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ûҪԭֻҪţСӲɵشһȥϾʱ־ˡ
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մ㣬ϱϹۡ
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1044 ʥʯ
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͵һӵĸӿ٣ĺܡ
ˡ
ַڵŹ˲ʱ
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ҪǱܵ鷳ˡü
šӳҰţͷ֦ͬ令̣µСҪȫû֪˭ɵĶϧһеΪ±𡣡
ָʵһܰ©֮ץסġŵ
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ĿʵӳҰţ૵֣21ǿûнַġ
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йͷŭţС˲Žָƽ
ô˶ӳΪλüͷַӳҰţ
㿴ӳҰţȡһɫ͸Բ飬мһԴĵĹ㣬ǳܲĵ㣬ǻһźתɷء
ǣַ岢δ
ʥʯӳҰţɫƾʯԶľ붼ֱӶԻ
ޡַͷ
ͨѶòַ֮࣬Ŀ⾼ԡ
ӳҰţüʱܿѾ֪ͨ棡
棬˵ڶѽΣʵɲ⡣
ŽᣬСȫΪͳľ֪ͽ˭ػ֣ǿߣͰ׻ƽֵĳȻڡ
ַüͷ΢ء
֪ͨأ¶ǿЦݡ
԰˵ǲһ֪˭֡Ĵҡ
ַҡҡͷǼҾܣȻ֪ûʹôʯ֪Ҷ֡ӵʱκ׹ҵȫƲûԼ֣û˺¡
ӳҰţ̾һֵܣ㡣
ûʲô۲۵ġַ΢ȻһЦûǣҺҲϡ˵ˣ漣԰ԼǣûʲôµģԼȻδڣս
һʵȽ׿һ塣
ѹж
һԼǻ¡
ֻ
ӳãǻȻҫˣݱܷͷΪѡַȰΣգϮҿԹ˲Ͼ޷ȫǰΣ
ûµָ磬ǻˮϣõġ
ַЦЦˮסǵġ
ţСһ
ַ˻ȻһѶϢ
ˮǿ
ֵ㡭аھ±ӳҰţʵ
ȻַһЦ
ԼδǾ֣ҪɱԼҲûôס
ţСǸоõַģʱ֪һֱǴһַʵжǿѹֵǬкɵ಻˼ƾʵ
áӳҰţֵܺܲսҰţԺҲдʱˣ
ȡһö壬ֱַ塣
ž
ַֽӹˮƬ
ⶫûôܱˡӳҰţЦǻҫˣֵҪѣһСС⣬л氢ӱ˳𡣡
ַסˮƬҲ裺л
СΪϣǵǺȾƣӳҰţˬЦ
һַȻЦ



1045 ʯ
ݻ񾳡ַˮƬૡ
콵ݻһչԼöˮƬãĳֱôֻĿǰԼڷشΧδӴܡ
ţС֮԰ˮƬԼһǱĻΣϾԼΪǵ˵Ķ
档
ȻǽöˮƬϽɻۣ׬һʡ
ʧáַˮƬ
Լֵá
衣ַսԡ
ʱ۶ȥںΣս塣


ѾĺĵشΣķǿ߶ҴĳЩǿ˵Ȼܳɡ
˵ĵڶѽΣ档
һ졣
߳ףƫƫǲצ˫˲ʱڵĿʳѪ⣬Ŀ
ϸô
ǣ񡣡һӹ
ڲڵͳ춼ԡ񡯳ƣλʵ߸ϡ
ɱСӵߣΪַ壬ҫ½ĵ߾ҫ˶˶ҫָƣοַε߾֮£ûйڱܡ
½üͷһ塣
ӵͷǰڵʵȽףλж֮𼣣²Ÿճء
꣬ڵڡ澫âɱ⽥¶ƽ٣ַ塭ҫ˺⣬֮ӣѹֲ˷ߣ
ֱʹ׻ɫһ䣬ɱ¶֪ͨһСӣǰشɱַ壡
һСӣھӢǿɣǾֵǿĶ顣
ǣ񡣡ӵ

ַ弲ڷش
Ĵǿ߻۴˵أһ԰ɰŽУһӣһˣסַ˵ϲһˣȥ硣
ǻеսʿĳ֮ءַ尴նӳҰţָ򣬺ܿѰٵһ֮ЩأһȦȦţһߣػ
~~
ַУ֮
·һռ䣬ȫ裬ͺԹ㣬ָоǡ
ʯ󡣡ַ尵
ڵŷڱоʯĴڣҲоʯǿƼĽᾧڽתΪƼԴΪеսʿĹ
ÿһһеսʿļҡַ
ֻ˵ǡղԴĵط
͵ֺƻزͬĬǵľʯ󱣳ֵĺãȻǿɼ
ÿ콵ͻῪֻеսʿַ棬ھʯУ·Ϊ֪ô뿪ʯԻǧֻҪ㹻ܹƿ˵αĤȥ
ַͼѰŻеսʿټ
̽ѰСʱûκջ
žַƿĤڰգĿԡ
ĺ콵йء
ַ尵
ûôɣպ콵һţС˱㷢ֻеսʿ߼䶨ϵеսʿĳʯôٶҲ
Ͼǲܷܺ
ȣ
ַ岻ż
ϾһöˮƬ¸̽ڣֱһݻ񾳵𶨲򵥣漣԰֪ıض࣬Ĭ御ǵ룬ٲȻͼ
콵ĵڶʮ졣ַૡ

߳߳
ִַڵϰС
Դiġħаϸĺü飬ÿһһӡԺ֮УⱾؼǧľҪѵĶ࣬һҪصľ磬ڶҪصľ磬Ҫصľ硣
ģǵһ
ľ΢ַ壬һðħ֮ĳϣǷϡ
ħ״̬밵֮Դںϡ
ħаػаǾ˫ĵšַ꣬ԽԽоħаػļɬ֮ƫѽϸһ塣
ǧľ֮Ҫ򵥺ֻܶ࣬⼴ɡ
ħаػȴ밵֮Դϡ
ߣܶࡣ
滹Σһס
Ȿħаȷڶĵ룬ַоļֵѶȺܸߣͷ·ħĵһ㣬Ҫ֮ġħ֮ȴ覲褡
ܾħаػݺ硣ַսԡ
һһ顣
޷򣬵ַȻβţֱ
~~
֡



1046 ̽Ѱ
Ʋʰ쵣ɹâӿڴؾͷ
׺գ콵һγǰַվ۾һΣûκβƬعâӿ֣һ޴Ӱ㼯
ȻסһΣַǼ
ֻΧģ࣬⣬иаѱƵƽƸꪣǿ壬ͬġӡ
ѱӦþһԶ챦ַעĿӡ
˱⣬δеԶ챦
һڶԶ챦Сַ֮⣺Զ챦Ĭ磬ΪĬǵӡѹħػࡣ
ѵãôڶԶ챦ʮ֮˾žǼ
ܿйءַͷһڰи·ʯ콵֣ʯâҲǹֱȫʧûκΡ
ܿ죬ָƽ
ֹ󣬸Ƭʯ󣬷·ʲôû
ûСַ尵
ȴһӣտҲ
Ҳǣÿһ춼леսʿ֣ӦѱȺΧסַĵǹȥʮ죬ʮΡ
ţ
ַٿ֮һ᲻ᡭشлʯ󣿡
Ժܴ
δܵƻĬǣȻֻһʯַ˸뷨漴ȥ
̽

ɶʧ֮ۡ
˵ֻкأԵˣܵõʥͣñ
ûԵ֡
Уż̸ۡ
ַ֪һ棬ҲһֻǸܲ⡣ҪѰ𰸣һԼȥȥ̽Ѱǿҫˡݻ񾳣ҫΪ漣԰ض֪ĻϢ
ʮҫӦ˲ʮǿߡ
ûһ
ַҲΡ
ش̫մԼһν룬ܶطǰУ뿪ʯѹ˰죬ûһҫ˵ľǿߣ漣԰Ŀǿ߼١
ҲӲԿ漣԰ǿҫ˶ܶࡣ
ڣ㲻ǿߣֻǸ̤볬ڣƵǿߵģǿڼġ
ǿߡ

ޣ
ַһӰ¡
Ǽҫ˵ľҵһʯ󣬺֮ǰľʯģƣ̲磬Լ²ģľʯ󲢲ֹһ
ȻûаǿӰ
žַӾʯ̽ϣǴܳ̽Ѱش
һ죬ԷشϤ̽ЧҲ߹·ظߵڶ飬μʡʱ䣬ܿҵĸʯ
һһ
ַЧʼѣ̶һʱҵ߸ʯ󣬼һģһûκ⡣
~
ַ峤һա
ڶʮߴ콵Ӧÿ˰ɡ
·ʯַʱѰңתĵȴڶʮߴ콵٣һȷԼжϡ콵Ȼÿһ춼֣ȴʱ
һΣȵڶʮ콵Сʱ
͵Ŀ󡣡ַһϸۿ󣬾ܴȻ޷жԶ챦ġĿӱշɼһ㣬ƸĴͱһ˫ֽգ
ȴǵֶա
ʯȻַֻ״ţ漴뿪
ջ
ÿһε̽Ѱǵ̸ۣһϸ΢ƴͼ㽥ֳӰҹУַǱһɽ֮ףĿ⾼
̽ķشʯƲ⡣
شľʯӦڶʮʮ֮䣬ѳֵڶʮߴ콵ôпܡÿһζᡮ顯һʯУľʯҪظٵڶΡ
ˮƬݻ񾳣콵йأӹɡ
δҵҫھӦڴ϶ȷشҪѶϢࡣ
ַ˾
̽ش岻󣬲뻢ѨɵûӣȻΣգһܵĹؼҫôǿڣԼҲҪɵ̫ࡣ
ڽ֮ǰ
׸Ӧһ£콵ݻ񾳵Ƿ񡭡Զ챦йءַ尵ԼӵһĬѹӡһʣµһӦþı
׸ӦڶԶ챦֤δδǿϣôµĴ̣ܺܿܡ

~~
âХƬڵҹ



1047 ŲĻȸ
ˣ˲ʱиӦ
Զ챦ĴڣһεǣַĿ⾫ң֮ݡɲ֮䣬ַ㽫ԴʯӰ˲Ϣ뿪
Զ챦֮ĸӦ繥һԵġ
ԼӦԷĴڣԷҲܸͬӦԼĴڣͣԭػΣաַ嵹¶ԷʶԼϢϾӵ׵ǰԼ
ಣ
ҹУַǰش

·شǧƣַԲݱ¶漣԰ˣǳȵȶС
Ѱҵһޱ߼ʵĲݵأַͣ
Щϡַꡣ
ԭԼΪ飬Զ챦Դ棬ּ󶼱Զ챦ĳڿˡԼӵһףӦһԶ챦Ĭѹħ壬ӡһ
Զ챦Ȼȫ
֮ǰжϣЩƫַĵ
Ҳǣ˵콵飬ʼնǷأۣݻ񾳵ٲȻأ۹ϵ󣬺ܿһԵ
չüһЦ
ַʵںԶ챦ΪԶ챦Դ档
ĬĿƼڡ
һεļʤԶ챦أַ΢΢һЦ


ǰ
֪ɽлƫɽУַո˵
ӵнӽͨǿߵսǿߵʣѪξѣһǰԴʯַսǿͨ۷Ǳȴһһġ
߳߳
ַ䣬նɱͷмԶޣԽӽԶԽҲԽǿ󣬽мԶޣǿߡǳԶҲսǿģѹǿڷ糣䡣
Ұţ˵ģԶޡЩ졣ַѪصͷԶޣھһѪûУǻеһǵۼҲƽ̬ͺ񡭡
Ԫ۶ɡַ尵ͷ
ƼսһԪ汾ԴתΪԴ
ԼӵѼԷǳͷԶЩԪޣֲȫǡ
Ӧ߽塣
ѹԶر࣬Ӧʵַ棬ͷԶʬ𣬲ûãʱûصоһҲ
ޣ
Ŀ⳯һƳַ岢ͣǰȥ
뿪ûãܿĵӰֽýһ֪Ǿþս֮Ϊڶǿߡսϣӡ˱ʶǵݡ
һСӡ
µľСӣĬִΣδʧ֡
ַ塣
鱨׼ȷ½սΪڶκһˡ
ô죿
ĶһӦа¡
ǿܻˣһ
񡣡
ǣӳ

һСʮֽ
ǲ֪ǣ벶ȸںҪġʵֻŲĻȸַһֱע˵ĶǾСӣ֪Էһ
ֻ
Ǿ档ַ
ǿٶ࣬ҲںֻҪ治־ûѹס
Сóһ˵
ߣһʥߡַʱһȦھһС󣬵ȴᡣаսʤˣûսȫ¡
ʵǿĶӳ
ȻᡣַĵĵȴţҪһȷʤҾʹԼˣѼν
ԼѰѾ棬˵ٶҲ
ɱʥߡַĵ
һʥ߷սһԶв̫

һСǰţַϢںβš
֪ʲôľܲԷ֣һСӵκܣһԴ̬ΪӢСӣǰк˶ɣΨһʥα

ûʲôһġ
ƻԶϲϱ仯ƬΣķأ֮ԱΪءΪǿµδ֪ԡ

Īʼ𶯣ɽҡضɽּԶ޲ͱǰ¡¡Ǽ۶ɢŻľţȺɫףͷ֧ǣԶѪǿ塣
ɢһСӲӲ̻ſ
㹻ǿԼ׾ţȺǲ˷ѹ֮¡
ž~
ɢΪ׵Ķӳִ鳣䶯׾ţȺʹϢ
ˡַ˫ͫs



1048 أ

˿~һӴʯдüͷһš
ˣ񣡡ʯһഫʧ־ͺ£ƷɣжӳǶַɱˣ
ʲô͵վ𣬳׵һ˫ͫѪ⡣
һСӣң
¾һ
˲䣬ʯǲٴδ̶ƿ˻ʯէȻϡצ˫ֽգŤͺŭѡ
Ȼ֪ʲô
һɲǣһСȫû
ַ壬ַ壡ҧгݣû뵽ַʵôǿһ½һģֵǿľӢһС¾һգʵ
ǿߡ
˶Ŀѡ
Ҫһ֧ӢСӺѣĸǿߵ֮ǰСӵǿ߲㣬ǿڶ̶ʱ䱻ɱֹ˴ܴ
ַ壬ҪʬΣɱⱬ

硣
ಡַͣ£֮Դܡ
һʥʳǣָƣֱһ㣬ȴΪٶȽ֡
˻ȡһСӵֵá
֮ǰδô˳պϻ׾ţȺĳ档
ܺáַ
֮⣬׷ͬдãֻҪԼ׷ɢĸ׷õȻɱһʱ˵㹦򣬵ǿϲġ
һ򾡣
Ӧúǡַöָջ񲻷ơ
ʯһͷľ棬¶Ъ˹ﱩŭܹǿߣʮǿߣָÿһǿƽֻǿߣԼɱ
ڵľ棬Ѿǹ˾
ַ忪ȿռϻʮ֮ʱѷ㱻룬ʱʧ֮С

ָ
ֻԼһˣûо䣬ȿռϻñֳ
ɵָսκεġȻֻССʮƽ׿ռ䣬ȸСȫرԴǴڣͬԽ뱾Դ֮Դ֮
Сʱ㹻ַܿ״̬
Ҫһǿߣ뽫սά۷壬ܽ˵ľݡ
~
ַ徲
ǿ壬ͬӵǿĻָѪľѣַʤͬȼƵħ̬֮Ȼ츳֮ӦܣַܺȿռĴڣںηΧʲô
һǿпٳĿռ䣿ַ֮ૡ
ռ䲢󣬰Լڽֻʮƽף˵ֱԺԲơӦĳֿƼǿĿռ䣬档
밵֮ͨ䡣ַૡ
ͬų汾ԴһϸߵûֹߵнһССķ䣬˵ǡһ΢Сռ䡣
С䣬ֹһ
ΧкöַȻӦΧޣȻܸоúü䣬ŽգӦʲô̡֮
֮ȿռϻֻһ

Сʱܿȥ
žַ˫ȭоǿ¶Цݡ
һСһսԼĳ㣬սȷףۿǿ޵Сδǵ飬Ҳ֮ʱַ漴뿪ȿռ䣬ǰС
콵ĵڶʮ졣
ҽҲ죬ĴǵһΡַ⡣
űǿĸ֪Ȼ׾ţȺڴʱұߣ֤һ¡ΪǰȫġͷҲǴģ֮Σա
˵Ǹе־ͺµĴڡ
³
ҫǿ߻ϣַ尵
Լ콵֪Ȼ֪֪࣬ˣܰս

ַ壬Ͻӽ
ϹӹӣֻǰУʵ㹻ǿҲʲôΣգȷǰУԽԽӽս˷ܵѪҺַͷڣĿ⾼
֣
ڶʮһ
֮ǰࡣַǵӰΰȻһ

Ӧòأַۡжϡ
ԼûأۣʱԼõܶѶϢؼһǡ
أۣǵࡣ
׼ȷ˵ǵڶࡣ
ʦ־ǵڶ࣬ԯʦԣڶ͵òϺܽӽĬǵڶĺᣬͬûʲô𡣡
һ
ַ̧ͷעǵ޴Ӱ



1049 
ߴΰһ
֮жϳأۣɺܼ򵥡
ࡣֵַľ޴ӰֻǹԱһС֣Ƥ͸޴Ӱħ壬ࡣ
ܿƤϵĽǻ״
û´ӦǡĬǵһֻǵһĺᡣַжϵ
أԣĬΪǣ䲻ȵ򣬵ܵǿߣǺҲϵǿߡֻ࣬Ĭġħ塣
Ĭǵһħдģвܡ
أҲΪ棬һԶ챦ŻĬħ壬ٵһƬ֮ءַ󽥽ðһͷ
Զ챦Դݻ񾳡
أ֮ǰļпܡҲݻ񾳡

ַǰ
ԽԽ룬ڵڶʮŴ콵ַ̤һƬɳĮߣ֮أɳĮǱ
ม˲䣬ַ̽⵽Ϣǿǿߡ
شʮ֮һǷشڣſƼϢķ棬һΧɢʯ̲ŴȻԪؾ
ԪؿƼַΪ֮̾
ηΪʥʥ츳֮ʹ֮꣬Ƽ֧ͬһͳԴƼתΪͳһǿԴԴΪӿƼһ֣ԪؿƼ
½ſѧңľóԴƼʤóԪؿƼ
߸ǧ
ҵ󲿶ӡַ뷨ֱӼ򵥣ǱǱɽóҫ˺ôǰĴԼ벻Ҫ˺;棬ܸ˽ܡ
ôס
Լɱǿߣ˹ƺԼǣǿκһԼ¶ᶯ֡
ɡַĵҲν
Ҳпܾ̣δˣߡǿ߲ʶԼ
ݣ
ַ֮۶УҪ򲻹ӱǡ

һɳ©ĺɫϣ߸վС
ž
ȥʯߣ˫Ѫâ֣ݹǰ˫צգ֮
ţ»ӵСȻ
ҾҪųȥҸգ
˵ѶϢ鱨һġ
ַһ·ӷشδߣɰżǿȴϲ٣˹ϵеģҲв˵ڹ
ѷɱ¾ϧһдۻɱַ壡
ܺãˣ˵һҫˣ漣԰ǶҶŸɣ
ַ壬Ҫ֮أ

ಣ
һӰڴ
һУַеޱȣʶĿƼܸܷԭĿƼжǿЩĽﾭ޾Ȼꡣ
ԪȻת֤һưĽľغģתתΪԪ
ϵĿƼ
ȥһ鴫ʯַ
дʯԼͲҪ޷Ѱң䲻󣬵Σأǿǿ߶䡣
ôöûҵһҫ˵ľãǡԭ򣿡ַ֮⣬治ѣǸòᶼһɣΪΣգ
е㲻ԡ
ԼڴѼü֧ǿ߶飬Ȼûˣ漣԰ߣǳ˴Ŷϡ
ţַһ
ǰһʯ֮󣬺ͷشľʯ񣬵ͬ
ǿַӦĿɨʯҲʯʲͬϸԣھʯǻŲߣСš
ûˡַһӹ漴¡
ΧڶĿĴ˽Լ
ַװ۲죬һӽʯ󣬶ռΧ鱨
Ȼ漣԰öݻʾ
ǰ񣬴ûм֣һֱһˣ̾ΪֹսԶһжҫ˵ҫֻʵܡ
һ԰ҪˣѾȫҫ֮ϡ

ַ徫һš
Ϣ൱޴Ȼվһҵɱ˵ĵһѽΣ˵еġ񡯳֡ҫ˵ҫֻʵжһöݻʾ
񡭡ַ֮⣬ٿرһ͵תͷȥ



1050 ʯ
һͿϺɫӰŮ
ԣгʮƹŮӣַ޲գգ۾Դ֮⡣

ǳ֮һнΪŮӣģΪ绪Դ˵
ôַоŮӿԼĿⲢһ㣬Χ߿ԼĸоȻͬŮûлرԼĿ⣬ȻЦѽģֲ쳣
˸ַۣҲδϸ˼ѶϢ

ô㣿
ΡòװԼҫ˵ıʶû֪ͨˡŮϵʧ̡
ǣ㡣
Ҫסô
ҪˣŮ⡣

ǿ֪Ϊζ¸ɱôΪһɱǿߣиһСĸӢҲһɱһġַıӰŮӴܣɷȴԴϧ
ǶǿкøУ׷ҲǾ粻ĸ
绪ǿߴࡣ
ɣŮʱһףȻѡ
ǿڣֻǸ̤룬˼һ𻹲һСһӢ
ϧˡŮҡͷɱ۵ĶҾϧһд
ڡֻ·һ

ַŮĽ̸ΧȴڶʮŴ콵ոսصʯ漣԰ˡҫǿᣬײַǷ
ҫ˹Ȼһ𣬹ͬжַ尵
ѹԼҲͬ飬ҫ׻ͬʮͬжᡮݻʾʯִСݻʾִͬСԼţСеõСݻʾʯбģǴݻʾ
ʯͬеսʿҲͬ
شֵĻеսʿڶսʯֵĻеսʿǿڶսַ˲Ϣ壬ݻʾԴԻеսʿ׼ȷ˵ܿǻеսʿĶԴ
еսʿԽǿݻʾԽ
Լ²ģʯǹؼ㣬֮ǰ©һǡ
ʯĿ
һֱֿ״̬Ψгֹеսʿľʯ󣬲Żת״̬Ʃʯ֮ǰǰ޹ģֱڶʮŴ콵֣ʯֻеսʿһֱ״̬
ʯܣտʼû֪ʮ죬ʮŴ콵ܻ˷֡һеһ֣ͻеڶһʮʮ١
Ҷ棬кܿԣ
ڷشľʯ󣬶Ѿֹеսʿݻʾַȫס
֮ǰľʯ󣬺ܿһγݻʾڡ
ʯж콵ͻֶٴΣΨһǡԼԾʯ֪֪֮࣬λò֪ЩӦö漣԰ҫ˺ˡ
ҫӦþۼǰľʯ⣬ȴ콵󡣡
Ҳǡ

˷Ŀַ꣬ܿ첦
ȷ֪һʯ϶֪漣԰ߡľ漣԰Ĭͳ漣ʥ漣֮ҫ˺ӻҪü
ˡַĿꡣ
ԶǿߣĬ壬ȴʮĳԱĬ嶼ϵ໥ʸƺ⡣ֻԴʯ֮ǽĹȥ֪һ
βַ֮屣һ롣
ʵǿҪûпܡȥʱĿƳŮӣԼɴɫпһǲδ׷ԼַҲա
ͨ籨ţԼҲû취
סһеڶڷشʱҲ˵鱨̫ӴԼܲһȫɱˡ
δľʯ󣬹Ʋֹһַס
ƩԼղڵһ߲࣬Ĭֻi壬Ҳֻһˡкü֣δľʯǿ߷ɢס
֪ûоʯûַ֣һЦ
޽ӽ㣬Ƿ绹Ǵ¹ƶѱ̽òˡ

档
һ·ϼ߶ȥַ֪·û
֪еһַаϢٿһݣĿԶټǿߣԷҲĿԵ˲ַƳսӡ˵ıʶ
˼ԼӰҲǶһ٣ɫ仯
˲ϢķӦһС
ʯ
ಣַڵκηӦᡣ

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1051 ǿ
ǿȻҲû뵽ַôݣ˵ʹҪ֪ǻռơ
ַȫȻˣʩչٶȼ±֮İⷢ쾡£֮ǰңԶ֮⣬תۼѳǰδƣ΢ĵϽӽڵ츳ַ֮꣬ѹǿߡ
Ե磡
һΪһӰŤġ˲ʱӳռ𵴡м䵶ֱײĿǿ߶ٱشķַǰһƺУ˲߽辢ˡ
˵ǿߣǲס
٣ַɫ΢䡣
˵ԮźţԼλϢȵȾ¶Ȼûʱϸ룬ַ׷мĿǿʹɱֱ֣ȡҲߣˣȫɱˡ
ǧԾַ嵶֮
һܼ֣סҲ෢Ԯźŵߡ
ѹ£ʩչӵгʥֻ۵ܿ㱻޾â顣ַδͣٶȸ׷ߡ
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һӣһ׷
ַ岻Ͻӽî˳̵ľܣȻ̡
Ъ˹ܵϢɱԺиֳղͬĻ棬һСȫûĲ״Ȼֹ
һɲǣʹģʶģ
ڰ˸ַ䣬ɱ˵ڰ˸ǿߡ
ûʲôʴȣǵзѡ

֮Դ貣ΧĿⳡʯս޲Ȼһ꣬ɲ֮ǣǿ߻ɱ
ǿ
ˣҪô
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һϢϢ٣ض𶯵ǿߡ⧲¶ʹ֮ɫ
˵ѽΣ
֮൱ǿᣬ˫Ӻڶص֮һǰԳʥչһֱ֪ʵǿַ˫ʱ֡
ⰵ֮壡
ڻɱʱǲһϢ˵ؾʯӦúܽʶ˶еѶѸٸϢ̫ǿ񣬾棬ǵѳ룬ߡ
ֻڶס
ڽһĿǿУʵһ
ַȫȻսԡ
˵⽫һ֮սֵʵǡݣǿȴҲ
ڵо˵ս⣬ڹ
ҫСӣȣж̲֮
Ӻʾ꣬׹䣬ֱַ塣ƢԱר֮һ֮ͨ׵Ĺ֮ĸʵǿǿ
ǧԾ
˸գԱƵĿַδԹȻֱġȻӺʵĦʩ֮ȴַв
Ӻ߼ƲƽӺʣͷɼˣۣ֮ױ˿һսʵ൱˵ãӺذ֮ãʽֱȡ֮
µǣӺһ֮ᷢ
ء
ַһǺˡ
ĵȷʵʤ֣ڱԴ֮ȴȿ࣬ΨһóһǰֻԴĹ䱬ܽԴãͱϡ
ͨǿߵʵַսˣ
֪ԼڣԲףȱ㹻ʱȥר޵֮һ̰ǳ֡ҲԼڣǾʡ
κһǿߵ塣

ԽսԽÿһεĹԷԷʮ־޴
һǿķ֮ģǰŭСӣȷʵƾʵһ͹֮Դ룬ܺǧ
ôܺûһʡ
ǿ
ַ御ܱܺϱ֮Դƿǿž˻ָҪǡַӵʥӽڵʥ쐻ַʵķ
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Ӻ˲תͷĴҫһɾ޴Ӻмγɣһ򣬾ͺ˵һ㲻ϻ֮ԴӺΪԴ籩
~~~
˲䱬ڶصױ֮չҡض¡㽫һжը顣

һַ޷ֵѪˡ



1052 ԱԱ
ˣ
ǧһַ֮㿪ױģȻˣ˲һʥǿѪַĻָԽǿָȻԽ죬Ҫ֮Դƻʥơ
ַܵģֻһЩƤˡ
ȱپ顣ַףԼûкǿ߶սľ飬һߡԼо飬ڿʩչ˲󳷣ܼ70%ϡ

飬ڳԿʧлõġ
Ǿ֮ͨһַ׼ȷжϣԼĽг֮ԴʩչȻרһ·ǿսȽͻͬ
һıԴ֮·кͻ
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ӽʯⳡսΧӡ
дַɱǿ߿ʼۿģҲ֮·ͣ½Ųģټǿ߶ֵǴ۸Ǿ㵵İӵֵ꣬ܵסĹ
˼
ǿڰɣ
ǰǿԹƣȻڶûķ˭
Ҳ֪սϱʶҫ˵ġ
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ÿݻʾ֣ڧһôħ忹⡣
յϢͨַ塣
ַ壿İ֣û
㵱Ȼûҫ˵½ԭҲûʲô⣬ֻС˵㣬棬ɱǿߣԣϸղѾ˸ǿߣԪˡ
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ôˣ˼ʵûܺǿ߶ŸɣĿǿҳƶ꣬˵ҫ̨ʲô
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Ӻʼײת֮ȫӣЦַǴ׵ĸǿҲֻһʹɳѡ
˫ʣϣɴ˫ͫ貵׵ǳɲǼ伲תӺһұ֮ױ֮Ĳְ⣬ǿΧǿ߽͵һ׹¡
׵ַ壬ǳࡣ
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϶ΪһӺͬ˵ȼ˹ⵯߴը֮ʥⵯַսɹʥеһܼţÿ5000սֵơ
Թҫ֮˲䱬ըֲ죬ڹ˶żǿá
ԱԱ
ַ©ױ֮ҫ֮ײֹǽӣǽˣǱըʹΧսĿǿҲ꼰㣬ʵĸˣַԼʩչٶ룬ʱ̫ܲ˶Զ
飡ַȫըɣѪڡ
۳徢֮ղŸҪһ㣬ûйϵΪ
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ˮתڡԼѹʱ
ǧַǿƣһȻ¡
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1053 Լ
Ѿõһش
߷֮âķɱַĵɶȥ߷ݡַҲܣǿѹסѪӿâС
Ӱ˲ַ֣ȻҪõĶࡣ
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ַ壬ֻǿڶѡ
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ĪҪһ
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棡
˵ڶѽΣඥǿߡ

ݣ
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ȿռϻǿʮ뵹ʱֲϼ٣ֱһʱռַӰͣɲǣӰʱ͸ռ뿪
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ȷԼǿѹɱ֮أ
ղŸӦģԼǿʵǿᣬɱⱬ˵ԼδܵõʣԼɱʵֺǿģΨˡַ岻ģΪûҪ
ַȡʥʳǡ
ͷβԼûںɱԺͬɱΪɱûҪ
֪ղǾ棬ǡ񣿡ַ忪ʼָ


ŭֺ
࣬Ѱ㼸СʱΧһƬȫɨ飬ߣȴҲַӰͺƾʧһ㡣ϵĻһҪһ㡭
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һֱţҵ
ֱҧȴް취
˸ǿ߱ɱشѾֹˣȫǺ˿ս
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ܺã
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ͫоɱ⡣

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һ;棬ȶǿ߽ܿʲôòѾɱ
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ԼʵӦúͿ޼ǧӮǿ⣬´ٽ᳤һۣȵ´ΡԼʵͲֹôˡ
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飬κϢڸղŵսп֮ǶԻ֮Ӱ죬ûзܻܿԿԴʯػô֮ʹۿۡ
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㹻Ƿȱǹ
Դ֮ľһѱȱܽӵµͱԴʼвǧľǶԵ֮屬֮
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ߣʸǹ֮ڹ֮ʥ֮
ҪӱԴ⣬ôȾҪԴ֮򵽵ڶء
Ҫʱ䡣
£Լûôʱ䡣
֮ڶغһҪ֮ıԴ⣬ʵַ̫漴з򣺡㾡ȫħаػһҵϣڵ
ħаػ̲ذ֮Դ⡣
ܾеıԴ⣬ˮɣħ֮ͻƵڶء
һҪ֮
֮ͬԣֻҪܷӳսġû⡣
£Ҫʵ

ȿռء
ַԲĻΣգϵƼĽϵȻǾ԰ȫġһַ漴ͣ£Ϣɢ俪ٿء
ţַһ¶ɻ֮ɫ
ΪʲôӦĺ͵һβͬ
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ȿռȻǣΧһоͺȫ仯ԭġ䡯ĺԶΧҲǸı䣬
ȿռһУǹ̶ģַ岻⡣
ڤ˼룬ַһӦģÿһλöĲͬȻⲻΧ⣬ǡ
Լ⡣ַ徫



1054 
ÿСʱַ¸ӦһΡ
һ
ȿռڵķλûб仯ԼܸӦķΧ׼ȷʻҪۿۡôѾ֤ʵܶ飬ƶϳһЩܡ
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иҺַܽĵ
ڲԶԼŹȥһ£ӶȷһЩܡ
κ뷨ֻижá
ַδ̫ãܿ뿪ȿռ䣬Ӧڷ򼲳۶СϢһֱɢӵнӽڵ츳֮Ϊ츳֮굽ڣԼܸӦõΪԼ츳֮ΪԴʯ֮θߡ
ⷽ棬Լκһǿߡ
쵽˰ɡַ忪ȿռϻʮ漴롣
ȿռڷɱ棬ѶַһεĸӦ̽ȫС
λõȷˡ
ÿ֮λþ룬ȴûб仯֮
ҡ
ַʱȷŷ֡
԰ȿռ䵱磬һ֣ÿһ䶼һǻǺǣԼɴΣÿλöͬЩǺͺǱȴǹ̶䡣

Щ䵽ʲô
ҲǺһȿռϻôǡַðһ뷨ʱ⶯뿪ȿռ䣬һε̡һμۣȷ붼Ѿ˴Ź
ȿռһŵͼȷСĵͼ
ܴСͬ䡣

ⲻַô
ԣܿǸַ壡´ɱǸ꣡
ҳ֣ʰ
ַĳ֣Ȼ󲨡
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𣡡޺֮
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ַһԷ˿ڣ󶥼ǿִ£ȴûĴַҲ֪ţһ˽Ӧƽճܾˡ
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ǰ׻ַ尵ˣԼͷ˾Լ͵·ˡҫǿĵ֮ҫҲϣǰ׻֮ɽǷ
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á
˫ֲ£ɱַ壬֪޷Ӯ׻ַлܿʵһͰ׻սСְ㣬»﷭
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޲ýַǧУٴа׻ӻʲôҲ֪ͨ񣬰׻һ֪ͨҫʱҪҫֹ漣԰Ц֮µҲᰵ͵֣лռȵ
Ҳôģ󺰣ǿѹͷŭȥ
ַȻһЦ
ԲںвҪɱɱû¹
ĿϿյİ׻Ŀԣ׻Ӱʱַǰ
׻ַ幧
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áַͷ
ǰȥûһһȺܼ֮ء
ৣ
ַĿʱˣ


1055 ݻʾ
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ַǰʯмƽ֮ǰѾ²⣬֤ʵʱȻ൱𺧡ľʯľʯҪ֮࣬ǰѾʶ
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Ű׻һһʶڴʯغҫ˾δ묘ӵˣھǿһδַҲףڴʵ
С׻׻ͽܣھŽס
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߲һƣֱ۽Ⱪ͹ȴȻҪ׳һȭƼ£ס
ǰ׻ǿҲֻܰ׻ʵԲǿ°ﲻϴæݻʾǾӢǿߣ
Ҫ漣԰ġ
ַĿȥ漣߱ʶʮҫ˺˼Ҫࡣ
ֵɱ˰˸ǿߣǴİС׻¶ݶЦǺ
ɱ˵Ŀǿͺһ˽ο˵ЦҲǻ֮һЦԭ35ǿߣҫ˶һڡ
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ַ֪֮ܲǰҲһɱˣǶǺ;ѾüγͻϧʼδԸ׻㣬ҫֻ档
ֵȷʵҼκͿֶûռˣû뵽㾹ȻشС׻Ĵָߵսѷһˣöݻʾǻõļʴ
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׻ӦϾأʯ󴦴Уȷ׼ȷǷشСʯҲֻҵ25ʯĿǰֻҵ
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ЩʯܲصĺΣδ֣ҫ˵̽Ѱ27Сʯûҵ
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ҫʵǿǿ漣԰
һ԰ɰȫ룬ȡݻʾʵ⣬ҪϾʯǺűֵģҫʵ֮ǰƲЩ䲻СݻʾƩţСõģԲᵽϾ
Լھһ飬ν
ʵݻʾʲôãݻʾСݻʾʲôַͬʵ
Ȼá׻ɫȻݻʾݻ񾳵Կס



1056 s
콵ݻ
һ֮Ժ䶯磬ǿ߷׷ǰˡַҲ̽ݻ񾳵Ϣϣڶ̸ۣȴἰݻ񾳡
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1057 ôͻȻ
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1058 أ
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ħÿһ춼ڳɳͷ漣԰ĬԴ
漣԰˵ɳǿҲ㹻ˡַȻһЦСݻʾ漣԰11öݻʾһöǷɻģöǞsճ漣԰ãǻõļʲߡ
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1059 
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Ȼ죬һֱԼֻʣ50%ļʣصĴʯͻᱻδʱἯоѰʯ˶㳲Լٲά衣
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1061 Զ
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˺ҫҲ漣԰ˣǸǶԱ˴ԣҫ񣬰׻棬ԹԿǣһ˱ضŸɡ
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һ˫˫ͫ˸˸һӰԾԾԡ
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ৣ
δҹζַ࣬漴ʧ

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ٲᱻʯռռݣַȡöˮƬһöΣһöʽΣʵΪΡ
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ѵҫһǱԿףַ⣺ݻʾܴ򿪴󱦿⣬СݻʾܴСı⣿üͷ΢أַš
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Իһöݻʾļֵӹɣɮ٣ֻҪԼóܻò档ݻ񾳵ĲȷԣȻһʻ

Сݻʾʹݻʾʲô𣿡ַ˫о
ţȻغݻ񾳵һЩܡ


ʱ漣԰ˣҫһǿ߶ǷɢߵѰһеսʿΪ֪ûҵʯ󣬵еսʿһܳڴС
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ҵˣҵˣϢĴһʯǧˣҵĲǵöݻʾǡһֱƤµĴʯⲻʲôܣһʮʮ٣ܿ˾֪
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Ҿ˵űǹɣ
ǣʯԭͲűâסѡ
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ⴷضģصô˭ֵˣھͿ˭ôסǻеսʿӿٶȣ

ϢĴ߶ѡ
ΪǺܶ඼ȥűƫƫȴ˭û뵽űǵģʹʯôҲûʱϧȫѰǻеսʿջ
űõϢİ׻һ˵Ƚһ㶡
ʦֵַܺϵʱڡС׻ɴ۾Ȼѡ
ԣѯʹű׻Ŀӿ죬ַ֪嵽⻹⣬¾ôɣüͷ΢أŴʯ׻Щԥ
ַòҵʯ˰ɣ˾С졣
ʲ󡣡߲ҡͷ漣԰˰ҫ˺ܶ߶űûע⵽Ǭ
׻˵ע⵽Ҳ˸Ҵǽɫâ
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ʱˡַڵһ
콵߶Ѱһеսʿʶƽ鷳Լˣ²ǺǽϾ֮ʱ
ݻԼõöԿףһ
Ѿǵʮ죬ӦöѾصʯ⡣ַ΢ȻһЦ©Ҳʱݻʾһ£üǮԼһö̫˷ѡ
ݻʾҲҪʱ㡣
õʱ䣬ݻʾ䶨֮ʱʱһõļǮ
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ʮСʱѰ类˸׳졣
ϴʯ󱻷֣һһǧеսʿ¶Ѿҵ˵ֻһ
֪˭͵͵ˣԶһ
ϻҲ϶䣬˭û˴ݻʾϹ£ⲻǸԼô
ҿ϶漣԰õģ㿴Ȼشʯģ˵Ѿ֪
˭õģûһöݻʾɣ
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1063 Ľ
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ҫҡҡͷӦòĬˡ
Ǵõöݻʾ»ṫơھǿͬݻʾ漣԰¹أֺ󲻵Ӳ漣԰ˣõݻʾΪͷ
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˭õãҫûҫЩʧ䣬ЩǸΣʼ磺⣬磬磬ȥУһ࣬һ١
ҫΪֹֻõöСݻʾֻҫͰ׻롣
ʵ׻΢΢ԥһ£Ժиֳһӣֹ
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֪ЩʲôĿת
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ԵС׻ڵʦ˵öݻʾҫˡʵпõֵġѹС׻һʱҫһ
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׻С׻һԣ͵ֻпܣȷ
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ǰ˶˽ģַõݻʾҲԼġ
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Щˣֻһֿܶѡ׻иܵǡûõݻʾ

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ҵǣǰİûɱ⣬Ӧֻϡ
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มӻȻͷ´ַ壬ٿعЦѹ֣ѹ֡ӱԿȻ֪Լɱǿߣû¶κκɱЩͣ
Ϊˣ漣԰Щαӿǿˣû뵽ҫ˻ĺ֮㣬ԺͽܱһˡˬʶЦ
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ʼ磺һҐޣϧ֮ѾҪڶϼѡ
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ţַӣ΢΢һЦˣֵܣԵټ
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1064 öݻʾ
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˴㼯ǿߵأǿһһǿ20İ׻18ľ棬15Ļӥ10ǳ9ļգ6ҫ4塣
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Ψ쐻޵ΪϣԼһ󼶡
쐻ޣеڶϡַ尵
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ҐޣʵԼԼԼʵ뷨Ґ޲Ϊûࡣ
ҐޣԼÿһ˵ﶼһͷôԼãôȷĵ뷨һԼ
Ґ޾һ᫵·ֲ࣬Լ֪ߵһ
Ґ޲ͬһƽ̹ĿׯĻԼôôߣ·һ˳׿ڶҪҐ׵Ķࡣ
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أ3ǿʥߡ
Ľ׵ĵԵöݻʾᣬǺ˵𡣾Լ̸ʹ׸ʧʱǿ˵ʲôʱϵǿľ

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ȱӵǣأǿ߹ʱȴвϵ֣ȱ㹻ǿߣ10ǳ1336俹սС
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ϺȡַҲΡ
ҫ⣬˺ҫǻսһƬ׻;ԩǶսͰҲǻĽʤڵսǿҫڶϣʵҲ
С׻묘нӽڵս
ɺͰţʿǸΪսдݻʾǳ˭õȴֵĺܡӽˣһ漣԰Ļӥҫ
ǣƵҫ˭Ҳֲúá
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Ĵ̿ͣץᡣ
Ҫô֣һֶɾ䡣۵ٶ࣬նںץסΨһôݻʾذ׽ԣһ˫˫۾ɴۿҪ̵֮ң
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1065 ˣ
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ĽõݻʾͬʱȱֶתݣɲǼâҫƹƹңԼٶżתһȦԭЩҪܵĹԱĽյȫա
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Ľ֣ɳ͵ʴףЩ޷˼գĽ״˾Ǿӡ¶ЦݣĽ׶Լյͷ˼ˣ֡
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˫һӰ漴ʧ
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һһϲҳҫͰ׻Ϊ׵ҫˣһҡ
漣԰ôõһöݻʾõһöҲõһöһ԰ΨûõҾСݻʾҲֻö˵ʧ顣
һĬе飬ǳҲͬһ
ˣʮöݻʾǳ֡
ûϷˡ
ȥݻ񾳿һǿǴ˵ķ֮ء
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ĽǣһöСݻʾҲð
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ʯ⣬ʮǿߣ֮żۣһС˽Ǿϸ֮⣬ͼ޲ɥ̾Ϣ֮ɫ
ƴȫ˭ݻ񾳣
ɮ٣ע˾ûԵ֣漣԰ҫ˶ʧ飬ݻҪ൱ͻԵ
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ҫͷͫһ׻һɾս⣬˲ʱ档䲻ַ֪ͻȻʲôַҫ˵һӣΪ֮һԵ
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תͷַҫòĸ񣺡ҫ
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ȷʵʸĬǿһ壬ǿ߾漣ʥǿߵ綥
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ҫ˼ǳԲ΢Цַ壺ַҲû뿪ҫˣǰɣ
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Ĭеһ͵ڶȺһ˵춨ַĵλֻһǿߣû˻СҫзŭȴҲ֪ղų嶯ˣΨһԲԣ̡
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1066 ۸ߵ
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һûᣬҪͼȵġ˭۸ߣ˭Ը⸶ۡٿأ´һҪǱۣܵðݻʾһɡ
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ԣҪľǴݻʾַĿ⾼Ȼ
ԼȻԼĴ㡣
ҪһǣСݻʾϸ˵ԼãţС裬ţС˵ǵġл񡯣Լлȥۣ
ΣСݻʾжʮöֵԶݻʾ
ͬʱӵСݻʾʹݻʾԼĥ죬ߡϵġԼ˵СݻʾʺԼͬʱӵöݻʾ̫ݳޣ绻ʺϵı
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20սһ۵ǰ˴еڣʱȻһƬ20սɹѵĳƷʥĿȣŸ䡣
30ս²Ĺֱӱۡ
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˵ݻʾǰԿףٶ඼ֵãսû˻׬ݻ񾳹ûˡ1010ڵսӣֱЩʿ۲ѡ
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ͬȼλȻѡҫˣϾԼҫˣ̧ͷͷνŪ̫ΡߣҫھŲ˾֪Լɴѡһ
Ψһǡ
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һһ룬ʱ²ַ尵
ԼҪսҪݻ񾳣¸ϲصҫھŲ㡣
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1067 ǽ
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ڱ˾ܻ飬̫ҲסԼֻܾΪԼʣ˻Ԟs
ҫͰ׻һǻ浣ַѳֲסʱ˷۱
ޣ칫תȴҲǱѩݸһЦһµɴӳ飬ˡԸ⣬ԸƷʥȡݻʾ
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׼Ʒʥֵ൱ɹۡ漣԰һ۵ĶֻǳƷƷʥƷʥѾۣƷʥֻżŻһֻͨƷʣ۸Ŀࡣ
ڳ׼Ʒʥǲͨġ
أ׼ƷʥǳټڳʥЩģĳ׼Ʒʥܷǿܳʥ

ַһĶ
һ׹ɡ״ʥһ֪ǹģϾ֮һһóľǹҲһ׹εף͵׹νкܶϸ΢ĳȱڣȴʮֵƯ
ɡϵʥŹӶܷȫЧ칫ȻһЦָ׹ʥж⡭вܸ֪ӿԷģʺá
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۵ֵܲǳĺսףźУȴĿǰֵߵģǶҪսԼ˵ֱӶá
ҫھŲõģĿǰ
Լھıۡ

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ʱڳ궯һƬҫɫѿѾźַ廹ѡ˾ıۡǰ׻ͷȻһЦǷַѡۡ
Ͼַõ׼Ʒʥ׳ҫ
ݻһĲкֶܴܿأ׻ַΪʲôݻʾΪַʵɾһõݻʾģʵǞsҲأذ񼶱ǿߣĸһһǿ
أ15Ļӥ9ļգ4Լ3Ľס
ҫֲúá
˶ΣַѡȻЩˣȴǵġ
СӺܴϸʺϳΪҫ˵ĽӰˡ׻ַ̾мӣû뵽öݻʾıõˣδҫΪƽ٣묘С׻ѹ˾пܡ
ţ׻ԲҫԴݻʾ֮ʣһ֪ʵ򡭡ҫõݻʾҲǸҫáڷνǷ絭壬
ʱУʱĪǿ
ҫˣַ벻ڲ֮ء˵ݻʾļֵ޿ɺǣ漣԰Ĭ壬ֻзɻõݻʾǰرĬһĳ塣
ӵأǿߣ岻Ĭǿģо޽еġ
˴ݻʾԳΪףǿǿ漣ʥһܼǿߣӡ
֮ǰ䣬ϣ
λĬλһ嶼漣԰ϴ󣬰һһı۳֣壬壬i徺۲£ǳ֡
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1068 ĸţ
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ıԲ٣iÿһ˶֮ͨأ27λԡǡӣǼֵóģҲֻвͨĳ塣
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ܰǳʥԳǿ˵ûκôǵ˻ϵϵϵϵȵȣ˼ȫ෴İϵ
ǳۣҲͬȼıΪϵʥġi塣
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λ̫ߡ
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ַǰġǡٲȻǱףϣҡҡͷ԰ҲǺ˽⣬SսӦǿʥ
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Ӧòܡַ尵ûܣƾ賬Ʒʣܽơӵ쾡¡ԼòˣΪ֮ԼȫͨͬΪǧС
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Դݻʾ־ڱصáַĵ˴Ĵɼ̣κεĽԼϣ󻯣׬硣
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𶯣Զֲ֮߳ϼһ¹âգʺ쵡𶯽ңǿ޲˭֪ʲô
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ʮöݻʾֺݻ񾳽֮ء
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ֵܣϼˣȥöݻʾĻ߶ѳ
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ֵܻҪʲôһεԲļ٣Ҳܲôˡ
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Ƿ봢ָš͡ˮƬͬҲ׬ʽ׿˵˫ӮԼǰ11öСݻʾĬ壬̫ںСݻʾϾǿޡ
Գ˵ݻʾĻöʹСݻʾֵ˳ɣҡ
壬ܿ˲ֹһöСݻʾ
ַ壬󻹸˳һ⡣׻Ц˹ĺá
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ҲǣȻݻʾȻСݻʾ
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ģַ彫Сݻʾȥ
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ݻ񾳼ַ岢ô࣬漴Ӱʧ



1069 ֮أ
ַһΪҫЩȻ
˭Ҳû뵽ὫһöСݻʾ跮Ϊεĵҫ˼û˵ַ֪˵ǰġ顯ָʲôԵʱ˵ֻǶԺ˳ֵΡ
ֻûֹϵùϡ׻ῪڣĿƳҫ
鹻󰡡̾
ҫֻõöСݻʾԭǷݻ񾳣ȴ·תꡣеСݻʾԶ֮أ˫˷ܡ
׻Цĵܵļ룬ǽݻֶһ
ʦ񡭡ЩԡС׻һֹ
ʲôԣ׻
С׻ԥһ£ֵַܸղߵʱ˵ǡݻ񾳼
һ㵡
ô˵ġס
Ӧİ߲ˡ
ҫüͷšַ廹һöСݻʾ
׻ȻʧЦСӲصĿģҫ֮ҲֻõöСݻʾⵥǹƥһ˾õһһСöݻʾѹ֣Ὣݻʾ
ʦһǲףַΪʲôСݻʾС׻ʵ
Ҳ«ʲôҩܴݻʾֵȽϸ߰ɡ׻ңԶܸоܱ֪ĻҪһЩôַ壬ҫ˲ܴ
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ҲɡҫڵЩˡ
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ݻ֪Ĳ࣬ҫΨһĲͬǡͬʱõݻʾСݻʾ
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翵ƴݻ񾳣ʵʵڵһʥݻʲôܾϵıԼȱڵ⻹нɫڣס
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ԼŴݻʾ룬Ҫ壬գĽĶǿᣬжٻ᣿
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ƵҺȴֲͬͬʱСʡڣʮָӣֿƼӦǡ
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ҲĬһ߿Ƽ֮·ħǿߣʽǲͬ
~ַ¶Цݡ
ԼûиеκεĲʣȸԾ
ΪҾ֮ͨĹϵô

ַ弲۶ǰ


Ⱦң
֮УսǼҡ
Ҫһݻ®ɽĿĿǿߣһͷ籪ӵԶ˺ҧɫе˻ųѹ֣ͷڱֹ磬̺֮
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ڱһʤߣͷ˻
·ھС࣬أ
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ģԼĿ죬ǡɫ
ϻٶȽΪŴһжȴѸռϷ磬ɫ֮ɻҶֱͷھ״ʨι˵˻
棬ǣӣɾһ˴ʱǼս
ãѲԶޣһͷһȺͷʨιɫ羧״Ǻɫ壬ǹ룬֮ǿ𺧡
ɶ﷢ӲȫʵצӶĿѡ
Ҳǣطҧгݡ
ģ˵סĵط治ɫɫâҫ޾â콵¶ɲǼ佫սͷھʨ顣
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1070 һ߿Ӣ
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Ĭ壬ǳһڽľС鷳֮صĿ£ǿ߶䣬һǼʶˣоģ壬ȣΪأǿߣǵʵԱ
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Ǵ˵е֮أȻ鴫ַŻٶȣһ·Ѿǿʬ壬ҪһݻĿĿǿ߰뿪
ȻǸûӻĶ
壬ɻһжǿǰȻ
ţַͣϢӦԶǼսǾÿ˵Ϣһ޶ַϵ칫͞sϢ
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أ36ַǵúߵǵ11λŮʣ֮俹ĸ洫츳Ǳ㲻ѷɫλأذ
s֮ܶһöݻʾʵ⣬俹칫û
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ϲܴ˴򽻵

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һɫַ·俹磬Ķ֮Լĵй֮޲Ϊأذǿߡ
漴칫ԡϻۡĹɽ¶ˮ续Ů裬ɽϪˮ峺Ͷ価ˣȫ͸ʵ
أе86ַǵúΪ칫ڷ֮
Ĳףͣҡʥӵ쐻ޣַӦĺ칫صĺԼܸоͬӵ쐻ޣֻʥΪ̫ǿ
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䣬ٿظоһĿ軨Ե칫ԼȻЦʩչ˸й֮޲ȻѷԼڼҵսȻ⵽
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ģë޹ǣģѹܶȡݻʾַжϵҲս֮Ȼĩ
Ϊλأ11λľŮûڡ
ǳӵأе10ǳӵأе13þͺŮཻãС
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˻ھ˺һ˫׹¶ӺݺݵĶַ壬͵ķ
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1071 ̰Ůɫ
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Щھ޵ʵͨǿߣַȴܽɱǵУԶ޵ķһ㣬칫Ǟs֮ǰδܽǻɱ
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ַһЦ
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˽㣬ݺᣬ´Ϊء칫ѩܿ˸Բε˻ַ˵лӿˡͻƺδҫһж
ַ΢ЦҡͷҺϵϾ裬б𣬲ʺһж
칫ƺ֪𰸣ȻһЦˣӿȤҵȽͬУиӦ
Ŀԣַ칫¶΢Ц
ڸոձ˴˱Ĭ

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۴һ濴ַͬжǼѵѡ
ַ˵Ůͬ赺ϣԶʤҫһжȣҫһ壬ҫ˸Ĭ꣬ΪҫհҲ˵ҫǷͬԼԼͲܾҫָӡ
ŮһͲͬ˷ָ˷ɡ
ң칫Ĵϻݻлá
ӭ롣칫衣
աַգ칫Լ˵ʱѶԼ顯֮ǶԼʵһּͲԡֻӵ㹻ʵŻϿɡ

һ·ͬУַܿŮ졣
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ӲʶϤַŮҲĥϣߵĲԽԽŨâǰһ˻Ŀĵء
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ȥ칫վַԣҫ̫ĸʵҫɰ׻Ȩչá
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ַ˫ͫԽԽԼĸоĶ칫ܴѡҫڷУĿͶַ¶ɱûж֡
ԽԽࡣ
ʿҲ¶棬мӵһЩСݻʾ
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1072 ݻ񾳣
Īء
һ˿˿˷ܣţٺڴ·ʲôݻʲôȴԼ۾оѪҺڣַȭ
սս
Ҫĸǿӵиǿʵ
ৣ˫ַͫıδΣգڡʱߴδ֣֮ڻعͷٿʵǡ
ʵԽǿվԽߣľԽԶ
Ŀɨݻǿߣһǿߣвأǿߣأذǿ߸ʤʮöݻʾʮɮ٣ȴǵġ
һ֮ս
ħǽҪ仯
ʤ̭пľܱƳǱأݻü
죬ͬҲܣ
ַսķڡ
ݻ񾳵ʮǿУԼ㲻ʵһҲǼںΪСôģԽǿĶ֣ܱƳԽǿԼ

һƬδ֪
Ĭ壬ˣҫˣǳڸšЩǿϷ˾ݻʾÿֹһƩ壬Ȼַһö1öݻʾ2öСݻʾ
漣԰֪Ŀǰ2öݻʾ10öСݻʾ
Σ1öݻʾ2öСݻʾ
ҫˣ3öСݻʾ
Ҳ2öСݻʾ1öչģ߲֪칫ַͷ׻ϴκԼֻ1öСݻʾʵܶҴš
ǺӦ1öǳ2öСݻʾ罣ɣɸ1ö˴Ｋڣڣȭڸ1ö칫䣺ʣ2öСݻʾ˭ա
ַţ칫֪ıȰ׻һ㣬27öСݻʾ25ö֪ÿһӲꡣ
Ȼɰ˴֮󣬵˼أذǿΪȻֻ1öСݻʾġأذǿߡĬ壬ҫˣǿսһЩ
;ϣȷġַĵ
㲻;ϣΪԱݻԼҲҪҫһжǡԼʵٽһͻƳΪǿߣΪʱ磬ԼͻƵĲǴ֮ꡣ
ԴʯЧȷףǿ츳֮꣬
ٹãҵ츳֮ȵڣ


ĵĵȴ
ʮ춼ȹˣԲںôʱ䣬˴ŶԲߣĿ˸
ŲַǵıҲܿһЩߣҶ֪ʲôƵݻϣһ϶Էˣʲôﶼûõ˭ţ
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칫ŮҲǲûַ壬Ϊ۵˭ʹôݻʾ˭ʹСݻʾݻʾͬʲôֲ˵
ʵǿȻǴá
УΪʵǿԱԴݻʾӦá
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ô칫ԥ϶
俹ҧݣԲŤŤ漴ͷӦڴʱٿȻ𶯣֮˷ŨĿƼӵصɽ
ৣৣৣ
ǿ߼ͬʱȥǿһͷݻݻ֮âݻ񾳵Ĺâ֮޾貶ҫɲǼݻʷ·˹λĵų޾âһһֱ񷡣
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ǣַɴ۾ǰ
ӳһɫֱݻ񾳹Ȧײɫâ£ڹȦӳһݻ֮
ݻ֮Ϸһϸɼİۣ״ǡǡǡ
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1073 23ŵ
״ģַֹһ
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ݻʾַ칫һۡ
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ৡҫˮƬ밼ۣһɫâӰʧ
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ԭһõڶܿɢ
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칫һЦ仰ӦǶ˵ǼŮ÷ʱԻԸ񡭡Ϊ飬Ϊȫִĺܡ
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һ˲ϿһΣٿԺжһ
ӭ23ŵػħһ㡣еĸ飬ַ֮һݣ˲ȫѣ㴥Դڵ˸â

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˸ղŵʲôûзַĿ棬СĴܣԼһƵݵĴڣɫĽĬǸ룬͵ĿƼЩơ
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Ӧҽ룬⡮23ŵַ⡣
ȴãȻûκ鷢ַ˿ػħһ㡭Χʮȵţַ˼ػħӦþһС
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ٲȻĬһģƼˮ׼ɼһ㣬ʱȻ
ԣĥ֮أַһЦִСݻʾӦúԼ࣬ǽĿǅ1ŵ2ŵ3ŵ
Լ֮ǰµĲ࣬ɫȦʮߵżǷɢǱ⡣
ػħ񣬲֪ʵжǿַ棬ϢɢȴоκϢĿ֮صһǿƼʮ֮˾֮صԴͷ

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տҲԼһˣַ岢δ˷ʱ䣬ѡһСţͨǽ롣
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ްԵ壬Լ֮ǰսĻеսʿȻͬħ弫ΪͬڼӲļ⣬ƼĽᾧϸһ׺⳺ĸ߿Ƽۼףͷ֧޽ǡ
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߿Ƽۼףԣħӣݻʺ
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䣡



1074 һΣӮ
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ַ׼ǳһΪۼħĹʵ̫죬Ѹꡣɫ缤ڵײ˲ըѡ
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11ŵ
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ʵҲв𡣡ַϸ룬϶
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ָƣַܿܽ顣
ʵ׹ľǵһţԼ²֣ŲϵĥҪһңɼֻԼǣΪʲôвͬħ񣬲ͬʵ
ʱǵʾǻػħ񣬾Ϳɽһ㡣
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1075 ȡ
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ԼŶʮ߸ӦһѡһţһҪ̭ĻôǺܿǱɸѡ̭ߡ
ߵڶšַܿ˾
ԼĲ²УһֽûڵʣַսȻǼⰵ֮ӿ֣޾֮Դۣһνڶš



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1076 
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һܸаյһĥ£ʱ޵ǰܻܸǿػħ򡭡˵ǿ߰棬څŲõĽһ档
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1077 ̬
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1078 ʥϴ
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Īĺƿַ档
ϵƼĲƲȥֻδáַЦЦ漴ҩ𣬲ʲôûʱȥ̽һܶʱѾࡣ
ʣַоΧԣİʣԲûᡣ
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1079 ڶ
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1080 ҩ
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څַ彥е·
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ʢŵһƿɫ͸ġҩˮ䲻֪ôܸܵҩˮ̲صİ֮˵ħ壬ȡʵ
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ڼ䣬ַ岢˷ʱ䣬Ľĵչ֮ػָ澧ʳҩ˵Чַ̩Ϊһзˡ


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1081 ڶ߷
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ڶһ˵ɾأÿһζòԲ뿪
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ҵҪͨʮŻʲô仯ҫںʥϴ˵ѵֻһǾӵʥ㹻ߣʮŶܵˡ
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ЩѡţЩѡ˵ĵţУĳڣǳϻѡҫһʮţͱϾֻأذǿߣѡ˵ڰ˵š
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څ11ŵУһȫڷеŵЦݣ̤ʮšǺַһĿǿߣڶʮ߸кۣʱľ֮ȴζš
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ҫ֮ƿĴָСĺƿǺ͵ʱַһɻǵõ˺ѶϢڶ㣬ȵȡ
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1082 ֮
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ȻԼڰ˵Ŷûɣ˵ߵţʥϴнݾ߲ͬû̫ݾЩǿĳʥҪǿ
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ģʲôԣǸô
ԶҲûôǿʰɣʲôЦ
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1083 ׷

ַҲǾȣû뵽Լ廹ܰٳ߸ͷһ֮ǿԶޣѼ֮ǰѾ޷ʹãھٻָȴߵĿռ䡣
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µĻᣬѵá
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1084 
Դʯһֱ츳֮꣬ͻˡ
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ذ⣬ѹַૡ
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Ҷײγɶš
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ڰ֮Դľ޴󣬲Ҫġ
һƿҩ
ҼȻ뵽취֮ͨԴҲ編ơַ尵Ķʮ߸߱Ͼǿߣ֮ȻС뵽취ĿֹܲԼһ
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Сҫɫ࣬أеĳǿߣǿǿۺϷ棬սʮ߸УǿĴڣ棬Ŀī
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Ϊ峤أе12λ
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һβûеĸ޽ַвԣΪûʮա
츳֮ɱ䣬ѹȫټʱôҲ׼óҩַ漴սֻеھŵŵľ飬ʮַչЩ裬İ˲ϢϮҪǿࡣ
׼ַһλʧܡ
ָܿ죬ʱҲԣװַڶξ˳࣬´󹦣ѹȻ޷100%ѹȻòСַƾҩǿҩЧͨԡ
ҩ˶԰֮Ϊ֮Դָ⣬Ҳжʵǿ
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ܣҫĵڷ



1085 ö
ѻõ߷֣ҩƿ
Ŀǰܷڵһλ
˹ַܵһĻ
ַͣʱǵĸµһ죬ȻԼҲǵ֪ġءõ߷ֲ⣬ַһѾ֪һ仰
ܷ֡
Ȼַĵ
һʼԼͲµÿһĿԣԼ˵ս൱ֺܷܿһ;ǾǴݻʾݻʾСݻʾƲͬʵȻ
ͬһʣԴͬһط
ǿƼƷԺܶ߸ӦʵϸӦܷСݻʾɴݻʾ
9:1ı
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ΪʲôԼöݻʾ۵ԭΪݻ񾳼ƾСݻʾ룬Сݻʾʹݻʾ𲢲ܴ
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һصַӶռдͶߴ˹׼ȷ󣺡ǅ㣬߽ἯᣬͨǽÅĵȼܷ־
ৣ
ַǰһ
Ժ˲ʱöȻͬą˵ƣ˵ǡƬȷһЩ
ÿһօĶӦŻֱ֣Ϊ
ͭɫ1-10
ɫ11-20
ɫ21-30
ע⣬ÿʮ콫һ֡
Ĵʧȥᱻ̭ɹþöߣᣬݻʽ硣

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δüַѳһ޴Ǳ֮УɫĽ·Ĵ鲼һžɫâɷǹռŻϿƼռмǿ
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ڵ츳֮꣬ӦַžĽסҲܲԼĸӦȻϿƼʮŨʹøӦѣ
Ϣ㿴ܴ󡣡ַվɫǱһǣĿѸɨӵĽ죬һСţһĴţȫȫһƼ硣
κܸӣŪַ尵˹ԣʵս־ͿԸ
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ݵĽɫζԼܷ20-30䣬൱֮ߣօߵһҫãԼϡ
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ϾʵԼֻǿڣĩ
ַ尵ζſܻкĳ֣Ϊ˴˼йͬ棬ǰԼʵر󣬶Ǵأ˰սӽأذ
ʮ߸ǿУأذֻǱ׼ս
ҫǳ棬׽׻ַأǿǽţüͷٿһšԼ뵽ͬԡ
ǿУֻһ漣԰ǿߡַев
ζĬ彫ᱧϣǱ˴ڶȶ⣬ٶڣʮ߸漣԰ռݽһҺܶ඼أذǿߡ
ǳǣƣԾΪ׵˶ҫרǰ¡ߡ
Ҳܺҫһж
ַܿ
۴ĸǶȿҫ˶Ϊʸ֮ģҫ׻̫ǿԼļ벻ֹòӻѡǾ䣬ߡҵ˫歡
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Ͼһʱ֪ǲ֪
ҵƲ࣬Ҫѣû취ӵߵַ֡˹ԣÿʮһ֣Լһһ뿪ġ
ǰ޷ٸġ
ǹ̶ģҾͶ㣬ܵζء
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ַ
߷֣Լơ

ʱڅ䣬һ߶յͬѶϢԼʵսĹǰǲͬąһʱ䶼ЩȻ
ҵܷ֣ȻֻڵҫţǰɫąС
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ҫıܴյ˫ȭ¶ڶҾֽ֮ܿǰҫĿӥߣֻڵһ˷֡
Ҹƾ£˭ġ
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1086 շ
ܷ
ʮ߸߷ӦͬЩϲղѡܶ඼ֻΪͨͨûһ£ҫҲڵڶ
ʮöͭɫ
ЩߣڵĲʵս뼫Ϊĵزимֻܷ3ߣڵĳӶˡ
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һû̵սһ

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19㷢ս׼5֡
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60ʱʱԶܾ
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һ˲䣬ĿǰĽɫʶɲǼַ廩ȻССһöƬǬͺһ̨С͵ĳԣʲôУʵսĹԼжʮ߸ѶϢ
ѹ˹ַȻ
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ʶĿռУǰֳһӰվԼǰݵģ˫ͫɫ磬нʣϸзɻеıʶ
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Լмһεıݺ͸Ĥ͸ĹȦȦ֣ΪɫмһԲȦұǺɫмһ޴X˼ȷ
ѡΪܣұΪܾ
ԲȦX簴ť״ֻ败ɣڹȦֵʱֻʣ10룬ϵļ١
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Լڵʵϻƴ֮ɽҲԲܡ
ֻԼʵսĹû壬óóȻܲá
˵ַտ꣬10ʱѺľɫXһӿȦƿңɼĵ

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ΪĿԼ1֣ԭʹʮ죬˫ȭƼǲʣ̫ˣսҲҪ۳֣
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ôǽɫư˼⡣

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2ţǳ
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һС͵磬Ƕնģʮ߸߶Բ鿴òòֻ֪࣬ЅıԼĵȼɫ
Ľʮʮַͭϸϸ鿴
֪֪ˣսºܶ߶Ӧ÷օܡ
һҫһǳһַǰ꣬Ŀ棬ӣΪߣʥԼĸоϤ
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ҿԾܾɫս۳֣ͭɫսҵʸûСַһЦָ߹ȻкôɫʵսӵмȨ
ҲǣȻǰк壿
಻٣պ30ַ֡鿴Լ֣ߵֲܲ鿴
׼֣˵ǻ׼עַܿ塣
ƩղŻսԼµĻ׼־5֣ΪҪó5֣ԼͬսҲ֧5֣ܼ15˭Ӯ˭ȥ
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7ԼȻǵãǾ棬ɫôܻл׼10֣սԼҪ֧һ֣սĵ1֣Ҫ21֡
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ͭɫɵ1֣ɫɵ2֣ɫɵ3֡һζṷ̋
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1087 һö
ų򣡡Ŀѡ
ՅһʱͶַ巢ս֪׼10־ʤҲ޷ַַ֡壬гŭͺ⣬ֹɱ£ֱӡ
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ڼǿֱսģ·ʤֱᣬӵٶҲûãһɱζ̭֡ʵսйַһ
˵ʵսͷ֡
һǡɳͻʵսСţ׼ֿѡ񣬿Ҫսһϸ£Ҫֻ̭Å̫ѣҲûᡣ
ͻʵսֱӵĶ࣬Ͼս߶ʮһֻҪ㹻ǿʵͿӶԷą
ͻʵսôԶȱąֲתơַͷ
Ҳ˵ÿʮ1ʵʵڵġ
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ڼкܶ࡮սЅǾ԰ȫ޷ֵġַ廷ܣԼȻలȫ֪ʵսҲν
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ſ֪ǡ
ɫܽɫַܽɫ뿪ԼĴţ޷ء
ҪٿռѰҰȫף⣬Сػħ񡯴ڣ͵һеػħΪʵǿԼüΡ
߱ҵȫס
ˡַ֮һݣԼ̽⵽ԷͬʱҲԷľǼַһţѸ뿪ֻǾһƳȴоŨŨĺڰ߱ɱ
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ȴһͷ׷˸оǾ㤿ֲ˫ֿɳצΪذף˵ѽΡǡأ43λ;档
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ΪСĿռ䣬ױԷסϢǾ൱ǿԼѪ˫ۣɱⱬžַȥͽĴɫšԴ뿪ǵϢסԼ
ಣ
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һһ׷
ַٶȱͲǿľˣҲǳصģ䱻ַٶȾԴֲɽַ嶢ʵٶȱ˵Ľ罣ҽ
ôȥַ尵
ߣҶ飬Լ˵ĸԶҫ˺;ߣʱһԶ֣֮˲ʱ̭
ַ嵱ϡ
˫ľ룬ǵٶȣɱ
ѷ°ɡ
ԼսӽأذǿߣǿҲûһս֮ǡġַ崩ŵͬʱ͵һת֣ڵ
ַаš


һ
ǰٿһǹȻ
ǵľļǿǲַ׼봫ŵ˲㷢Ĺ˭֪ǰȴŤռ䣬תȫ֪
ƵһǱŤ֪һ䡣
ô£ԺɻٿȻǰǿϢƾճ֣˫ͫʱâӦⲢǼı仯ַ
ৣ
ɫٱ䡣
ַ֪ûôöԸ֪ԼҪ͵ϮҪҲܣΪԼʲôӦǶʱ㹻Լɱ֡
䣡䣡
ַֹϾȻ֮ΪǣڵսҲǿΪַɾ䣬˿κηᣬԳʥǿѹƣ⵽ƴķַʼռݾȨ
ܿ졪
ַѪղɫ԰ס
ڵǿƴˣַ彫еİӲɱ̭֡
žͭɫ֡



1088 һ
εãǹؼ
Ӵһ˲ǳΣգΪһ㲻ֵ֪λãڶֵ֪ĹֶΡ潻սǵʵȷռϷ磬Ťǽ磬ȴơ
Ǿ棬ַǲδռѹԵǱϾǳʥǾҪǿƿҪʱ䣬οǣһʱʧԵ̽䡣

ԭﲻַüͷš
Լɱǵһ˲䣬㱻һסǿͳݻ񾳡ҲǣϾֻѡ˲ŵĵطһӢǿ߽ûɱս
ž
ǵąַ̹֮Ȼ
ɱ˾ɱˣȵԼ뿪ݻ񾳣ײԼҲδػǡݻΪ֮أԼ벻̶һʱ䣬սѱƽأذ

Ǳ̭ˡ
Ҫͨ˼֪ԭܼ򵥣ΪսֵĵطûаǡһʱӦ߲ԅָƣʵսĹء
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⣬һҲš
ʵսŸտʼѾţաʹ߸СĽѰŰȫӳ飬ȻҲиǿɵĴɱ
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⡣ѰҰȫַٿؿһ¡
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ˣҫ
ҫַ
ַ塣ҫĿЩĿƣΪַĸӦǿһˣ
šַͷ
ҫƳַǰɫδʣȻкܶʣɫʲôܣĸӵѹһ̫ΣգҰɡ
лҫ⣬Լһַܡ
ҫüͷһšܾȻЩãϾЩȣˣҲǿҲ
ַ˫һҫɱוG
ҫַ壬˫ͫһɱ˰ǣ
Ŀԣ֮ʼĺ蹵ַϣɱġ
ҫŨüëһƣ֪𰸵ҲΪ⣬Ͼ˳ţǵʵ֪ģַԿڻɱǣʵ
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ַҫٿȡǵąΣ
ʲôףҫȻĿȴǵą밴֮ǰļö
ַҡͷûݻʾôء
ҫͷҿԸ㻻ȡҫڰ˲ĽᣬֹһΣõöҾ͸һΡ֪õöȻûô
ַһЦ
һöȡһҫڰ˲ᣬҫǾϸ㡣ҫڰ˲УǳƷȼı㼰ϳ׼ƷʥֵһƷʥ´ࡣ
ǣδۣܳۡҲδ档ҫ
ÿǡַҡͷֻ뻻һ
ʲôҫü
ҩֱַҫ˫ͫһɫ֪һУϾڶĽƿҩ֣Լһõ10ֵģɫˡ
ҫʵǿÿ
Ҫʲôҫʵ
ַҩӰ֮ԴʵȽף֮һߺô֮һߡȫûáַһһߣ֮شεҩЧء
ȣҩҩЧǿġ
Σ˵ÿһ仰ġ
󣬻óҩˣĶǹ֮һް֮һĿԺС
ޣҫҲֻϺ꣬Žɡ
ַЦЦҷҲܻͻҫԸˣǳȥ
ҫɫʱһ䡣
üͷ壬ҫ˫ϸ˼ַ忴ҫʵǣҲо֪ͨҡ԰գַȥ
֪ҫ϶Լ
ԭܼ򵥣ҩҫûаãȴʵʵڵġڲףȵԼ̭ʱҫǱųҩֿտա
ȵȣҫ
һ
ɲǼƿַһֽӹ΢Цӳлˡ
ƿ
ַҩʮ⣬һƿļֵԼ˵Զʤ



1089 մ
һ˫ӮĽס
ܳҩֵԶʤҫ˴˼иҵ˲δַҲԸҫʧȥɣ漴ǷֿҫԣַѰҰȫ
򲻸ˣھΣմַҵһȫ
3ַУƬսϷӡ3
3ŽսսжصػַĿɨһеսʿ߶Ѳߣ߸뿪
ϢĸӦƾַ忴һӰ
˱Լȵ
ڣַһ۱ϳ
Ķʮ߸УŮֻΪأе103ʵȷǿȴΪʮǰһ䣬껪ʱΣʮƮ죬Ȼڰ˴֮У͡
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áַգԼԻ˽⣬ƽ׽ˣ;˫歸Լĸоͬ
Ůˣ򵥡
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
𻨲ϡȻ΢Ц֮ΨӵС
˲ϹСŮӱвϹãܣȻǿ˵𻨲ϹƻǿԽģСŮһ䣬սѲߵĽǺģǧҪͷűԴ
Ϲƣ
ַȻʧЦû뵽սôһУǳ˼ʶ
Ҳֶڽս൱ǿᣬҪƽϹƾҪͷűԴ⵽ѲߵĻеսʿƽ⣬ɲϹģΨһİ취Ѹ뿪սϹƻܣܱٿأһͬǣʹġ
Ҿǿ뿪ս뿪һ˲ƾͻᱻɱ
ġַ岻ɸ̾
׶ʹϮԼеҫ˵Ҳǲѷɡ
ᣬСŮδ~ַĸ첲ǶˣֹԸ⣬СŮӵԸ⿼ǿǡ
ôַָǰȦֹԼǵҵСһʳˣʵ˼Ҳ~
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ҧݣǻһĨЦݣǼ仨ȴǻʧɫѡ
ʥʥߣȻţһεı鲻װģʱ𻨲ֱַͣУǿ޷뿪
µƣ֮޷ɳ
Ψһģն𻨲ϵϵͬҪԴǱԴһô룬˲ʱɿֱַۣս߳ȥ
ֻߣжϵ
ַ͵ϮΪֻһ˲ܷ֮ؽսȻеðգɹʻǺܸߣߣɵģܽ𻨲
ϧ̫Сַ塣
ˡַʥ˲ʱڵ츳֮һѰССһֻ𻨲ֵˣڵʥԲеսʿ𻨲ʱؾ˫ͫȻѪ
ĸ˲ʱش

ֱӴӰ׹䣬Ϣޣˡ
µûС
žַɫƽһѱ𻨳߻ݲҰףַг˳ˣַȻһЦװˣ㲻Ϊһɡ
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һţմ㣬ձϹۡ
˸㣬ȻеʹġַῪڣһ£ӻͳݻ񾳣ʱǰ
ַһ
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֮ǰѾһùˡַЦöŸʧȥһöһֵõö
Լܲ

ս
ǅȫ֮һ
ﲻ⣬սڽҲ޼һԲƵ͸ռ䣬Ϣַ̽ĽһûԼ֮󡪡
ৣ
Բâ˲ʱ䰵Ҷ䣬ַһ
ԼܿüߣȻߵ޷Ͷߣ֤˽䰵ԲâһǿķܵϢ
ƵϵƻַᴥԲڲࡣ
ӦþǸ֮ء
леսʿѲߣ˵ȫԼǰٷ֮٣ַʶߵᣬġ򡯷ԼȤ



1090 Ա
ַûҪǿһӲ
һܴơ֣ǿɱģѾվһܸߵ֮ϣֻ轫Ʋ󼴿ɡҫͬҫսߣҲܣ±۳1֡
ߣڽս
ʵҲʵĺôַһЦѸɨʣ¶ʮߣųǽɫߣ֮ųǾŮ׻ͷ
ѡʵҲ󡣡ַʣֻʮߡ
ɫͭɫһǵڶąһͼͼąսɫɫȴûκơ
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1091 ս
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1092 ҵ
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1093 ۲
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1094 

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ȴǱԼУڡ



1096 㲻룬Բ
㣬ϣйͬĿַ꣬忪ڡ
֮ǿһʼԡѹ칫͞sԼƬ̵գԽǺܲġ칫ĿͶŸмs΢Цͷ
ϣĿƳЦʱָ᣺ʲôݣ̸ϣ
ۻ棬ŸһȵİԵ֮ȴҲû⣬Ͼأ13ĳǿߣԶˡ
ַ岻ԲӣʵսжͬһӣǵĿ궼ǻ֮һ
Цƾǣ
ַһЦʵǿܽõö
ৣ
ɫһࡣ
ַߣֱûõκһö
߲мֻҪʵõѲõöˣ
ȻûУȻҲˡַ΢΢һЦԸһζ˳ӻԿǣӲʩ;ԼöԣòöȻ
ʣµöѡ
ɫŻĿȻһɨϣû⣬ҪԵȨ
ַ칫üͷһء
ԵȨ
ڽԼȫϣַԲܽܣΪ뿪ҫж
Ӧ֪ǲַ
㲻ܣǡԵٺַϻҲ֪ǰСһڣĿ칫͞sĿǾŮַ塭
һ࣬һ١
칫ҧݣҡͷ飬ˡӡ
ĥĥĿͶַ庮ɭȻȷǰŮľַܾϣǿ֪ûҰǣ뿪սǽ粽С
ַ嵭ȻֱǺõõ
ͷһҿȥκһ˵ľݣ˭ҡ
Ȼأַ

Ϊ֪ƾһҪȥǲʵģţûơߣʮ߸ʵǿģԶĲ˵ǳ¾ͻ׷ᣬΧˡ
칫ãԸ룬ռλãѾò
λãҲһ˵ãϱʱһ˾ռ40%Ʊͬօʱܵõ40%ַû칫ܺ
üͷšϸǡ
á
ҿԴӦƽˡ칫͞sһϲʱĿһ䣬ַָ壺ûʸƽƽ
ַ徫
ȻԼ֡
칫ֹǿڣʵӽأذнɫֶ࡭
ö˵ĮҴӦǿϣǱϾŮСӡĿ¶ģҺ׷ǹʣϱ˴ҲΣûҪ
ַݸЦ
ơ
칫üͷ𣬴Ҳף¾ڱ̬
ɣʱ䱦󡣡дţǺаյģ˭ѡʵǿһڵСһַʵӽأذΣ
أ13ĳǿߣ
۶ʮ߸ߣҫǳѡ
˼˷㱦ʱ䡣칫΢΢㲻ԸˣҲǿ
ʲô
ĿȻһһźŭǱ˿Ƶģ˲ʱĿѣܺãǲҪڣݺݵĵַһۣɱţŭת뿪
İ˵ĻԲᷴڣίȫ
ַ칫ʵѡǸ
ҿɲôΪ칫ȻһЦȥıӰҰĲȫΣֻõӶĶԴ֮һ˾ռ50%Ȩ̫Σա
ҡ칫˶٣ַǳ΢΢Цɽ˺ģŵڡ
㲻룬Բ
ַһůЦûǵʵǴˡ
޾֮·ܻа취칫Ц
䡪
Զԭһֱ׽˹ַɫЩѿȴһԲԡַ΢΢죬Ŀ칫ˣȴոӭµġѡ
Ը⣬Ըˡʵǿ׽Ȼڡ
أе19λ׽
أе27λ
أе71λַ



1097 üһ
칫δڣַЦܣ˼λʱˡ
׽Ŀһδŭͷõģǵľתȥδ̫ã뿪3Žսת̽Ѱ
ֹӣôõĻΪʲôܾs⡣
Ϊ̫ǿ칫
ַ֮ĲޣһǷ꣬ǸǶ֣ͬҶֵ֣׽˶ͭɫʱ޶̭࣬Ե㲻֪ǻʲô¡
칫ͬҸղһֱעǣַӦĴ뿪ս
ַţ׽Ҳᳬʮ졣
ʵսĹ˵˶١Ե;ĩ·ߺ൱ΣաȻսʤȴһըʱᱬը
ǽôsʵ
칫շȻЦַ塣
ǻжַ֣
13֡칫
ޣ
ַһ칫ֱԼԤҪ࣬ȥĵ5֣Ҳ˵ǰеõ18֡أ86λ˵ܲ򵥡
Ѿܻõļޡ칫
ַͷs4֣һ33֣50֣ҿתÞs9֣ȥ2ֵġʣ22֡˫ַ㹻ĳݴ͡
ţԾƶȴᡣ칫ֱҸߵ޼޼ʵȷǿɫһ̭սұ˴˼䶨ײ
sЦǾඡ
ǡַû⿪Ǳʵ䣬ȴõĻᡣ
Ʊ仯ܿ죬û֮ûᡣ칫

ַ巵Բռ
дҲ˷ʱ䣬еʵսһ̣뻹ҲֳܷʤԼֶ࣬ռƣνںӲӲ
ԽԼĻԽ
~~
ַȡɫڣʪŽʥеõϵӵǿ
ԼκϿܣʵԴʯԼ츳֮ϵܳǿϽɫڡܳɹϣԼս
ⲻһ׵Ĺ̡
ΡַѪʱɫԣֲԲռ䡣ԶŵĶħѣַ츳֮ĳʱܵһ
ɫڵ꣡
üһַ־ϲ
ǿϲҲ
ԽǿԼǿϵѶԽ󣬵ͬʱɫڵƷԽߡϵͬƷ֣֮ƷԽߣԽǿɻ֮˲ʱ棬ַƣʥ֮Ϊ½졣

ַʶع飬ɫЩס
ַ꣬ǷЦ츳֮ʱԴʯлָԼûһ죬ֱܽɫڵǿϡ
һ
ޣԼ֮ȴ޾ϵε츳֮أʣµġ
ֻʱ⡣

ʮܿȥ
δϽɫڣַ뿪Բռ䣬ŮԼÿʮһ棬Բ߻ϢʵսзͻѶϢ൱ؼ
ɢ˱̭ˡ
ַҲˡ
ī׽ˡ

ַϢһһ
ɢǱǳǿΧסַ̭֪ôֵģеû
֣ܿхַ
칫ţɢЩϧʵʵǿ̫ΪѰ҅ǳץס
һһɢ˶ǳ֣˵һ
½սнȻıһΨбŲŸжʮʱֻ̭߱ԽԽҡ
µąпôַʵ
ûС칫3ŵҵˡ
ޣַһ
칫ţܺңѾʲôܣ3ŵʵǰҪһЩʲôزܿ11ôȥˣ֪ʲô
ͻsĿ¶ɫ
ٹ21֪ˡַ313ŵսƾ֮ʵٴҲǿùҫǳ
֪ôġ칫
ϧڳȥַ̾
칫ȻһЦûϵȣȵڶܾͻҿ
ַš



1098 
3ŽսԲռ䡣
ַһն澧һ߻ָʥ츳֮꣬һָȫٴǿϽɫڣһ㽫ľϵ˵֮ĻָѵģַӵԴʯ
һ޼֮
ڶǿ߶Ϊ֮汦
Դʯ꣬ȻַԴﲻϽɫڵġҪ󡯣Ѹٻָʵ޻ȴ൱ʵãĬǻָʥмУ澧ã͸˵
Ϊ澧Ĵڣַ½25꣬ѴﵽھŽס
ڣ
ʵռöҲûҪַ̽кʵʮ߸жֻΣ˵ֹҪִݻʾǿߡ
Ľףգ񡭡һǶʢ
Сݻʾߣͨ
Ҫȡ㹻ʱ䣬ʵڡַ尵ݡ
ʵԽǿԽǿ

ʵս70졣
ʮûʲôȴš칫
ַš
Ϊٹ10죬80ʱ򣬅3ŵս˶֪3ŵģ֪صܣڶ󣬵Ǳǰ
ͭɫʣöṩ֣ǳţҫˣ׽ûС칫
ֹзɻĻƵȣǵʣҲࡣַԼ֮ǰսǣ׬һ֣Ȼɫ¹ƺ׽ࡣ
칫ô˵ܿҪˡ
ǵġַͷûЅ3ŵĬҲڱСֳɵĬضһΪҪͱ϶
һ漣԰ϣҫһǳһֻгԱķݡ
£ʣʮ߸ߡ

ַصԲռ
;˫ŮĺôʵӶ٣Ƕµľָƣ©κϢ칫ֶֹͨηḻһŮȴƿȫ֣жϺѡ
ˡַ尵ݡ
츳֮ʥʩѹˮ㲻ӿ̰ӡʮĹѾʹýɫꡮһϢһǼ䡪

ַֻԴһ츳֮ʱס꣬ȫơ츳֮·Ϊ˽ɫڵĺģǿƿ֮УɫϢӳԺ
ڡַϲ
һϵΨһܷӳϵܵı
ϵʥ쐻޶籾Դ֮ĵشؼڡһѶϢĵϢȻδ
Ҫ쐻޿ڶϡַ
ˣѾ⡣
ڵһϵ룬Լ޷ȫԼ˵ɫڵƿؾ˳ʱꡣ
ʥ䡶ޡмصʪŷַĹޡ
ʪа˸Ӧ˲ʥ䣬ʥ䡶ޡӦʪŷ˫֮֮Լ֮ȡڣΪʥ޵Ŀ־
ڣӵв׵ķֹҲǿַĵ
ԼѾǿٶһڣͭǽڡҲǣʥʲôǡǡһڡ
Щô˫ַ֮Цҡͷ
ڳ˻֮⣬ǡʥϢǿȷʵΪʪŷıԼ˵Щߡ
ã뻹һַ尵һ
ԼѾţֻ֮ȡһǾͿˡ쐻޵ڶҪףҪ㹻ĻԵԣʲô޴ӵ֪޴
ܹעѪģ쐻޵һϾʩչĹ
޻þ

ַԻþͨ
ûҲԹ⣬ַ֣ܿӵмǿ־ͻ֮Ϊɷӻþ
޻þǿ
Ҳԡ
һŮЧ
ڶ־ǿߣЧ
쐻ʤҵģЧ΢
㣬Ҳŵ㡣
ʥ߱Ͼ٣ǿ߶ߣ޻þöȻǺܸߵģǲԶͨǿߵ־ֵܵεĻþ
⽫ǿһŵơַ˫



1099 ᣬҪ
ƹʵս80졣
ÿһߵ֣ټ1֡
׽ƣ漣԰ǿּ1֣޷ٽսsҲǺľַ֮ǰ3ֶַ֣࣬ת4֡
˼ֹӡsҧ
ûϵַ΢΢һЦ
Լ»24֣ȷ֣һһνսͱȲһsѩϼ˪
ôǮսһһֵʱʵֻһ֡
ﾡòؼ
ܷսô칫⡣
УΨַ࣬ʶս񽻸ַ塣
ܡַҡͷ
11ŷ֮ȻһΧ޷ս
֣˵30Ѿȥ칫
ַҲǲ⡣
˹˵ĺ11ߣӵ3ŵ30Ȩ߿ڵ31췢սȷȷʵʵ30죬޷սѵ
ִ֮꣬ܣ
᲻ᡭֱڅ3ŵsһ
~
ַһ칫ҲǳȻ
Թ壡
sԿԼ

Ǿûˡ칫
šַӦ
ǾңΣյʱĬһ۾˾ɱ
ûҪȵȶٳıܡ칫
µһߴöѣĿÿ˷ֵüö칫ĲԺܼ򵥣ƾǻᣬ̭߅ʤ֮УֻҪղöʱȥԽԽ٣ͻԽԽС
ʱᣬЧʸߡ

ַڵȴ
ȴ3ŵսǷǳ֪3ŵʲôܡ
ৣ
칫ٻӰ˲ʱ
㣬ôsȵʵ
ֻԶԶһ¡칫3ŵߣĬռݣ˭Ҳ޷
s
ǻˡַü
Ѿµʱ൱𾪣׽ģƣīǿ֣Ĭಹʵ¡
ҫһԿ޷칫
ַͷ
ҫǺǵģĬںܷʯҲνǱ̭ԵǺۡ
ǳأַʵ
ûǳɣ·ײ˾档칫
ޣַһ˸Ȼء
칫Ȼƾɱҡ
ƽ̲ţַ칫ûһ˺ۣأе86λȻܣأ18ľǰȫˣ򵥡
sһҲ⣺ԣǳһˣ
ʱ칫жܿһźš
ǵĻᣬҪˡַ΢΢һЦ
û칫ݸ

3Žսڣַĵȴ
ӵ80죬81죬ַ׼ԲռʱٿԺǴϤ5ߣ4֣սȨ
սʼʤ߿ӵ3ŵ30Ȩ
էȻ䡣
ַֹ壬ҫǳǿߣ֮һ
5ߣ
ġַǼǵá
ĳǿߣأе32λʵס֮ǿڣ֣ⳡսʵ⡣ʤַ岢ôŽ˹ܵ仰⡣
Ҳ˵˶ԷսΨиߵ߲ӵսȨ
һһս˭Ӯ˭ܻÅ30Ȩ
ַܿ˼
һԅӺ档
ʵֹ࣬ӽأذ񡣡칫ٿݸЦ֮ǰʵ仰ȴ֪˵ַ壬ֻ˵
11ߣ֮ꡣ
ʮ߸صһû֪Ŀڵʵ˲ɡ
ĿȨܿǾ
ȴǵһ۾
11ߣʤӵ3ŵ30Ȩ
ߣڵ31췢ս
ȻһƬ
˭û뵽ľȻˣһһսϣһĿǿߣ֮
ܡ칫૵
ܲ򵥡ַ貹֮ʵ˵ǽӽأذôսʤģӦþ303ŵջˡ
˹ܵıҪǿɼ
ַ䣬ٿԺжһϤٴε𡪡
2ߣ2ŵ



1100 
2ߣ
ǳ칫
s͸Ų˼飬˫סС졣
ǳ˅2ŵַؿ΢΢ȴһδƽһ𣬅3ŵĹŸո£û뵽ֶ˅2ŵԽԽӡ
2ߣӵ2ŵ20Ȩ
ߣڵ21췢ս
˹ܵ£ǿһ
ʲô˼
2ŵ3ŵͬ
һ30Ȩһ20Ȩģ
ԽԽȤˡ칫һЦ
2ŵܱ3ŵ档ַ
ʮ֮˾š칫ʵҺܺ棬еʲôʹߵʵ˶̵ʱ
ַݸЦ
칫һֱĬǳԲ֪⻹һ桪
Ƽ
ǼĿƼǷ˼ϵĿƼǶ컯ϵĿƼʹһǼʵô
ݻ񾳡ַǿ̼¶ϲá
Լˡ
Լڷɵ
ϧ3ŵ2ŵܹġ칫üͷҲ֪ı󣬵3ŵĶսʧܣҪܷ֮Ҫӽأʵ⻹ڵҪʮ֮ʵ
»Ҫǿ
څ2ŵҲ룬Ŀǳ
ҫ˭սǳ
ǻлġַĿŮȻЅ3ŵ2ŵôȻЅ1ŵĿǰ1ŵЅѵһ
1ŵδ˷֡
ǳȥֹӡsԥ
ȣַȭ
ǼȣǳҪȥѰ1ŵټ·Ʈ죬սһԼ˵ʵһΨе漣԰ǿֺľŻƽȣԼ
޿̡̣
칫ţٵ30죬ƾͻʣʱǾл칫¶޿κεı飺ҫ˺ǳ۽սʤһȡ
ַͷ
ǸʱΪս̵죬ǳ;ƷַҪЩϺĵĺǲܵģ̭ѹӣǺܿķѡ
칫͞sͬ
ˣֻҲǰظơ
칫ҲǼް֮һɡַ칫ϢԼоõ
ôˣ칫
šַ׳һƿҩҫлһƿԼƿƿȫգʵҲʵͻƣԼ֮¶Ǹڶأء
Ҫʮƿҩ
칫һһ֮޵ǼȻǽӽصƿ׶ΣҪֻһƿҩ̿ƿµĲΡ
֮غصĴࡣ
һͨһڶ
ô칫εһַԳҩʵһ
ַͷʮ죬㹻ʵһ󲽡
칫ӣͷҡ͹ˡ
ģsַȡһЩ澧sȻӹʱо澧صַЩʵȽףӦáЩ
ҲֻӦãַ֪ԞsʵҪףԼҲûһһ㡣
̫ˣֹӡs˼
Űɣá칫һЦݣгһ׹֮ǰó뽻ַݻʾ׼Ʒʥ֮һ
ʥ
Ҳ칫ڵ⴮ǽõһСС⣬ֹ¡
ʥ
áַ岢δԥǽӹԼҪľʥܷӳ츳֮ϾԼ̩ǳֻǿڣһξ롣

ǿս
ջ
ַ֪ƾһ֮ѻÅ֮ǰȡɣȴʵʵȥ׬ƾʵȥսȥȡҪҵ1ŵͱ뿪սҪ뿪սͱҪ㹻ǿʵԱ
û
ʮ£ʮ죬ĸ죬һд仯ַ
н칫sһֱڵȴѾԽԽӽֻǿս㹻ǿʵȥסλᣡ
ৣ
ȡַ
˲ʱ䣬ǻһĨЦݣɫХַ汩ǡ
ˡ
ʱ򣡡
ַϲ



1101 ͳ
ս⣬ʼˡ
ŷ֮ܳģǳ2ŵǿ۾ˡô򵥣ʹһǿ߻أе32ĳģҡ
2ŵȅ3ŵҪã
ǳѾôǿʵᵽεȳ̶ȣأе6ҫʼżĴѰ1ŵ䣬˭ڵмֵһ
Բ˵ʵλļ٣ûǹƥǳУҲ࣬аʤ11ߣǰǡ
㹻ս
־УǡֻսȨ
ĵĪ׽漣԰ߣپڵȵᣬʮƴֽĴ޷õöôؽ֡

׻̭
ģƱ̭
һ֮ս
ַ칫ԣ겻ѡ
µսҪû뵽ô죬Ҳû뵽漣԰ѡӲǸͷҧǳڅ2ŵǳķѣؽս浥ǹƥѰم1ŵҫҪÿеĶࡣ
ǿҫأе20İ׻Ϸҫ˵ս൱֮ǿ
÷񡣡sૡ
ԵĻ漣԰Ҳҫ˶սַҡͷֻϧҫ˷â̫¶ʵ̫ǿ
칫ףֻлҫˣ׽漣԰ǿ߲пܴö
ҫöԼ׻öϣöҲпܣ棬ǹƥмöö͸׽Ҳ
̭˵ą˭ˣַ
ҫö׽öīһö칫ҹ㣬ҫöӦ嵽öˡ
ࡣַ
ҫӦռݽеһ
ľ֣ش֮иˣڱػ֮ҫػΪжԼʵǿû⣬һ鷳Լ֮ѡҫһжΪˡ

ʱƣȤ
~Ժٿ˹ܡ
9ͳһöһαۻᣬߵãʱʮ롭ַȻʧЦ̬չϣڵ89죬׽ͳһö
9ߣ׽
ӦǿƵͳַжϣԼδڅзƹܣվһս׽׬öи࣬ƫƫѵףҪ̭
ৣ
ַʶ
ǰʮĵʱʮ룬Լǵʱ̣ܶϡԼѾöٵõһöööܽӽֻǽӽ
ԽõĿԽС
ңԼĿ겢ǅ
֮δĹ֣¹18£ܳԣ
ǳҫ10-15֮䡣ַһɣһ跮һС֣Լľ֡
һö϶ܼңûҪ߼ۡ
ַԥһ£ۡ
3֡
࣬Ҳ٣ѹɫִߣܷöַûģԡֻ1%Ȼʮ뵹ʱ
1ߣÅһö˹ܵƽȴһƬȻ
һöҫԽԽ

ַˣѡȴ
ȴ漣԰ನȥȴҫ漣԰ⳡ׷֮սʮȥĿûʧڅɲǣ˹ܵһ𡪡
9ͳһöһαۻᣬߵãʱʮ롭
ͬ龰ַͬ岻һЦ
֮ǰΪ׽ԭ׽ֻ1֡Ӳд׽̭£һַɳ3֣ͬȻûն
2ߣÅһöһնģǳ
Ԥ֮С
նһöҫķ5֣7֣8֡һģҫԼֹƶʣ˶١ֵǣʼ11ߣ֮ƶûж

101졣
2ŵǰվһߡ
ҫ
ΨһһսǳߡȻûЅ1ŵ䣬ôս2ŵͬڅ3ŵսڶ࣬2ŵû˸ս
1ߣսȨ
սʼʤ߿ӵ2ŵ20Ȩ
էȻַ
ҫǳ֮ס˭ǿ



1102 ɱ
ʤҫ
ǳûбţҲأǿߣʵƿǿڽϵȻ̶ʱҪʵʵǅҲûá
ΪǱѾͿա
1ߣʤӵ2ŵ20Ȩ
ߣڵ21췢ս
˹ܵһǵʵڵ3͵4λֻҪܴԾͺܴԲϣЧ̫ǿϾ¶û
̭ˡ칫
ַţǳҫ𡯳2ŵûãɵ־ʹӅʧˡһֱڽսͻȻĳֻһֿܡ
ąǳˡ
ǳʵӦû칫
ʣࡣַжϵһֱάɵ֣׽ͳĵڶöǳֱȻλȻܸսڶ1־ܶ10죬ҡ
սռ݅
㹻ǿʵɶǳã¼Ҫ
ȥʣ˸ߡ칫
ַһЦǾռ
ܳȥˡsո¶Цݡ
ַ칫аô
԰ɣܲһֱ칫һЦ
Цвŷš
ʳҩʵ֮ǰѴ

ַ뿪ս
ȥ֮ҫֻʣǳ׽棬īˣһǳǿߣĸλأʵĿīҲе39
ǳ;ƺѽͬ˹ϵ칫һֱǹƥ׽û´⽫ʮ죬ͳͿīٽˡ
ַͷ
Ϊ룬׽ͿīӦһˣûС
ԽԽ٣ԽԽǿ˽Ǻϡ
ǳ׽Ϳīϣһս칫
ַţǿīһһԼҲа

ҪĿ껹Ѱ҅1ŵַ
һԡ칫š

Ŀȷ
Ѱ҅1ŵķǾǡ
еսʿػħ
һǹؼ㡣칫𣬺ڰ֣صֱֲ֮Ͷѻɱػħ񣬾ħսأذǿߡ
ž
ػħʧûгʲô
칫ȷδൢɱһͷػħִַڵһɱϢħ֮䣬ʵսϰħаػЩʵ׵ĻеսʿѶ֡
ʹûǻۡ
ؼħһΡ֮СַħаػؼŵأħаػһصİẠ̊́һѰҸо
ģҪħ֮ϡ
Σա
ַ尵
ĵһСĻᱻӰ죬ȷʵС
ģ°빦صĵģϰħаػĵڶһδεϰϤַսвϽ

ƽ˾δߡ
ַɱ¾ԴԴϵĻеսʿػħ̽Ѱ1ŵܣ𰸿϶ڻеսʿػħϣַ칫ƲȷΪ2ŵ3ŵصĵط
Ǿǰı䣬ҪֻһԿ׿
㣬ΨһܴڵԿףЩĴߵĻеսʿػħϡ
Ӧö׼ą3ŵսɡs磬Է飬覣ѹֵƤôݻʾ
пܡ칫
ܿ͵111죬3ŵֽս
һη֮ûôˣҪԵġأǿߡ
䣡ַһеսʿ죬ȻǷȱһϣеսʿһѷʲôʣַ׼ɱһеսʿٿɫһ䣺ߣ
칫͞sһַ役֪д鷳
Ůһǰһַ崩ͿڣʱǿϢŮͬʱüͷ
ǣ
ಣַ弲ǰͨͿڣܣȡʱ䡣Ϣǳ;棬Ľ֣òˡˡ
ô죿칫׷Ͽٶȵַ塣
ַ˫ͣͷ֣͞sܵסǳô
칫ܣӮˡ
㹻ˡַʱֹâɫڹޱȣ͸¶žģϸһͿڣסǳ
ɱ档



1103 
ַҵģѪĿ
㣬ַąҪһ룬ǵһöҡǳͷǿյ׺Ӣˣ˫˸
ǳ᲻̫̰ˣŭ
ŮąҲҪַąҲҪһ֡
ѡ񲻺ǳһҲʰ
㣡ࡣ
칫ʵû´ǳѻޣͬˡַ뿪սϢǳ;ͬʱ֪1Žսһж˭Ҳ˭
©֮ڳ֣˭
˼֣ǳ飬˵ַѺ֮ǡ
ţǳëһԼоЩԾоַϢԾŮĶȴָƣڼ׷֮Уǳһֱۡ
ܴڵߣ࣬ԽǿСܡ
Խ﷭
б棬ǳڽ봫Ϳڵ˲ٶͻʲôΣվþȥɱ۵ľ棬ʱĹܵõ߶ʮһһ죬ַĳѷ

ڡ
ַ嵽˲ںŮŻٶǰע⡣
츳֮굽ڣ˭ҲסϢĴڣʼʩһַոʤ֮ǰͷ⣬ַһֱ̫ҡƵģ½˵ĻϪˮ
ˣ
ַ
Ťǽ磡ڲŸճһӰַѼǣӰ˭Ťǽķʱռ֮УΪıǸǳ
һһַаա
ǳذɡ
ʲôڱŭ֮УٿظоΧٱ䣬Ťİ֣֮Ͼأ18ǿߣʲôսûһ˲ѷӦ
˫צ׶֣֮Դֱ֮
Сƣ汩ʮ㣬ҪһڵСӶɱˣǾΪ˵ڶˣǼ֮⽫ŤǽĴعѰһɢҿȥ
ߴͣսȴ
ʩչ֮Դͬʱܵܲ͸磬ַ͵ϮĻᣬ·̫ࡣ
ߡһĨ֮ɫδɵСӣң
ڴʱ

һδüɲǼ˱㱻ɫâ޾欴ɫ컣Դĵɢ泩һůѩڻ޾ͶͱʱޱΪС
޻þ
ĬĻþһ֡
ַֻ쐻޵һϣڱϾϵ±ǿֵܵþܾ鳱һһӿĳƾʵ죬Ҳֻݵķݡ
޻þкܶƣŮЧ쐻޺־ǿЧ
棬С

һߣһֵǳѺ;Ů֣칫ʵȫأе86ȫսǵΪֱ֮أǿߣǿ֮ǡ
ʥޡ
ɹ˿أϞsȵӰʱסǳַʵ칫͞sһֱ²͸ֻ֪ӦأذսϾӮļʲ󣬵
Īģַ塣
֪ģҲ֪ǴӺʱԸⳢԡ
ǿʥǳŮڽ֣һֱַսֻǱ֮ӦЩģŮ׵ʵҲǳѹ˼һߡ
ַʵǳǲ쾪棬Ȼþ䡣
˵ս̫ࡣ
칫ʵ𺧸
죬Ҟsǳ˫ּٱ仯ǹⶸȻ
ǳ

ǳ֪ǣ¾ȫݡ
־һ㱻ĥ𣬾ܾ֪ǻþҲεĻþδһ㣬ӿʧ컣ˮŮһһεĽʣ޼־ĥ
֪ǻþȻݡ
ⳡ־ĽУַռ˾Ϸ硣
˿̵ʵҲǿ֮ĩ
̫졣ǹʵսַŷڵһ㣬㣬Ǿʥ൱֮ʵϵʵսĲ΢ڡֻǺǼ
ˣҲ㹻
֤ϵַҲ֤Լľս
䣡
ʥӿ־Ǳ޻þ
ž
Ӱ㣬ɢʧ
ա



1104 
ǳ⣡
޻
ǳ칫ս
۾ʵǳǿһδʩչκαѽƣֻעһھַߣһʱŞs翵Ϯ칫ǿƽɫ
ˣ칫ʵԳޡ
ص֮Ӱ˵ķǳɫǳ¶һͣأǿ߼ߣΨŮʣˣ¡ֶһ
Է졣
ԷѡޡҲǳ˫ּҫ
ʥָأǿҲδӵУ֮ǰðǽݻʾһƬ䶯ǿܽʥȫӣ൱µġ
칫ˡ
ûн֮ǰҪɱֻвɵļʡǳɫƽһԶȴ籱ǰңңգ߲ʣԵʵźơ
Ըһۣа˳ɰܻɱ칫͞s
²ûҪŮ˵絽ֵʱܻɱ̫㣬˵һԻ׽С
䣬ٿǳɫһ䣬ԶڰʱʧϢ
ǲ
һ޷Ϣ綾߰ΰɱ¶
ôܣǳôҲû뵽ַҡܵ˿١ҡ䣬Ǳ칫ӰһΪһ̻ʱ֡
޺
칫֮Ȼչ֣֮ϳʥǿܣǳ֮һݣԶsƴϻɱʵɲַ塭
ৣһ⣬ǳֻ˲ս
֮ͨٶȷǳ㲻ԿһֱţһûôѸ뿪ʵ˵ʧӰʲô
;ͬ˹ϵ

ˡsؿ΢΢¡
ǰʵﻹҪǿ칫촽Ŀ貣Բ׷ȥҲ׷ǳأеʮĳǿߣڵܹġ
ֺ󣬷֪ǳɲʵ
~
һӰ֣칫͞sĿžϲͬǸеɲģһֱġͬˡֻǿڵַ塣
ֹsϲѡ
û뵽ֹܻɱ档칫ȻһЦ֮ǰΣľϣʵһֱϰ£ûаգǿߵʱҲ޴ѡ
ַЦЦǣܰǳס
Լܻɱ棬ڣŮʵȷʵϣ칫أս
ûȫʵ칫
ô㣿s
칫ͷ֮ǿ⡣
s
ַһЦ
칫ʵ˵һ㣬Լǳ⣬ȻԼղžͶˡ޻þŮЧȥǿĵƣԼսֻأذ񣬺͞sͬС
ԣղԼֻͷɱǳϵѹ
ǳҲãҫҲã̫Сģڅ񼯽ӵоƵǲðաǳ֪ǣһμѵĽᣬɱԼõöһöǸոջɱá
̫أʱδǺ¡ַĵ

ַ˶ȹһ١
ͬʱҲ뿪ս֮׽ľ׽ǿ֮ĩֻʣʮԽԽС
أ֮ϡ
ַܻɱ棬ͬҲܹɱ
ΨһĻҵ1ŵ꣬׽ڵݣúַˡַ޻þ׽Ⱦòȥһλ칫͞s
׽Ѫ˫ۣǲʡ
һö׽ձ̭
ƣԽԽʡ
ˡ
Ӱо
ַ˴˿޼ɵҫͷ֮څʣǳͷۺ˭Ƕһս£䵥ģֱɱȥ
ǳ
~ǳһ⣬ʧǰ
ַһЦȻûлɱǳİգ׷ǳɣǵٶȱȲǳҲֻӣŻһ¡
ĿֻһǾǅ1ŵ
ܿ죬ʱ111졣
3ŵٴս
2ߣʤӵ3ŵ30Ȩ



1105 
ǳsૡ
ַ칫һۣ˴֪2ŵǳ3ŵĿĲԶΪǿսΪ˻ѱͲҲϧ
ǳʵڲ֮䡣칫
ڣѾȫ
ַš
öԼ֮ңⲢû塣Լڵʵ뿪㣬Ľףյȳǿߣֻ̫Ӷķݡ
ҪôҪ
ȣҪ㹻ǿʵ
1ŵַͷޱȡ

Ѱҡ
1ŵѶ
112죬ī̭ȴ֪Ǳɱֻǡ֮ꡣڅ3ŵ60ķ֮꣬ʵɲ⣬ȻȲҫǳ
ӣٲȻбҫǳ
Ծʵռ݅ǣռֻΨһһ
˭ӱ

115졣
ַأ13ĳǿߣɱϢǿʵΪһۡԵںľܾˣǡԩ·խ
ҲġĿȻ
Ҳǡ칫΢Ц
13޾ɫ
칫в⣬sǸַ岻ʣѾ࣬Ȼ칫͞s֣Ϊ˽ѡߡϾ
ˣĺס
պ칫ֵ˲䣬ɫأ칫ʵиǿϞsƮݵȡʤ׵£ȫԸսȻȻ
֪ǣһԣǸһֱСﲻмַ壬ʱصһ
ַƺһ츳֮𶯡
ĨȥѪɫâˣ־൱ǿᣬ޻þȴǿĵֱַֿʥľΪ̡ǵһ޻þлߣһһַ¿µˣڡ
һ
Իл㱣֮ش˵칫Ǟsܽܡ
ö
̭öַ칫ȣһһösУΪsֻΪڣһʼұĬ
ַṩ֣sṩս
ΪОsַ˲ܴǳ;һսлŻ֮նջ񲻷ơ˵sԲ
£ֻʣ2֡
˸ߣҲֻʣˣԼԼҫǳͷ֮ꡣ
ãҵá칫
šַsһЦʱദ˴Ѿѡ
뿪ЩᣬʵսϾҪ
ᣬеá
ͣ㣬ֹӣһҪs¶Цݡ

120졣
ʵսվս״̬
ĲҪַ֣칫ҡҡͷ΢ȻһЦһ6㹻ˣܷͿôֹӻ21ְɣ
ַͷ120ֿȥ1֣Լƾ֡
㹻֣ܱ֤Լ
ʵսľԼܿ϶
څֲַʵ
칫˸˸ֹӦģĿǰ8ö
ַͷԼδ칫ӻõöȭ1öǧ1ö϶1ö1ö1öԼ1öܹ8öֻһ֮ң
һ׿ȥ
ҫǳӦööϣҫܶһ㣬ö칫
ַš
˽˹Ӧûѡ
֮ˣĿǰ4ö칫ȻһЦ11Ӧ٣4ö
ַͷ
칫ķԼͬھƷǳ֣ƲӦð˾Ųʮ촽ַüͷ΢أʣµġöԸҫ˵йĶս飬ԼҫԼ칫֣ӮĿҲᳬһɡ
ߣԼܶҫ֣
ôͬҫˣҫҲδԼ֡
ǳ鷳ľԭʵ൱£޻þŮЧ˵һһԼ칫֣Ҳذɡ
ԼҪʣֻз֮ꡣ
칫
ַ䣬ٿǰһУһöͭɫąŹâǰַ̧ͷǰļˣǵ˫ӵЦݣһ崺У޽ŵꡣ
һöɡ칫



1106 
ַʹһů
زʶʶˣѹȥĸ£Լ;ŮѣҲսѣʵͬҲǾϵҫǳαʣµһͱĺܹؼ
Լζš칫ᱻ̭
ôˡ
һöҶԲҲ٣á칫ʵ֪ҽѾ󣬵㲻һݻֻһ
ֻö칫ϣȷѾã
Ϊ󲿷օַ壬ҫǳУҪͱɱеһһĻз֮꣬˼˾ö
ҵݻ񾳽㣬ˡʵҲϽһɺǿ칫Լһöָȴַܡ
û󣬲Ҫַ
칫ҡͷף˧׵˵һöһϣȽһĨЦݣȴַһ칫Լһ΢˺һš˭ҲҶ
һɿᱻǳʳ
ȻˣԵʼգͬˣڡδͼذĵزַ彫칫Ѕճȭ˻ȥ߽ο˵ԹһĨΣʶ΢Դ
ʵһ취ַ˸
ţ칫̧ͷ

2ŵ
һλþͲܣصģȫ¶ǰַ칫̤Ƭ򣬲ûм֮꣬Ҳ
ҫڅ2ŵ˭ս
20һ죬ûսôַ
Ҳ칫ҡͷֿܣռлǡ߳
ַһЦܿ죬Ǿͻ֪ˡ
ҫ2ŵѾʮ죬һѭ
Ϊ칫
һһɡַ
ҫԼͬҰĸĶ࣬ССһߣʵѵ£Ҫף棬ҫ˵ҲֻеһνЧȽϴ֮󽥽
ȷԴڅʵߵąԽԽ١
һֻһ
ҫСĵԸ񣬶Ȼðգʮ֮˾Żȴö֤ܡ
칫ţַͼǵǰ͸ǳ꣬ȽһƬӣ칫ʵҲ볢һ£нĿܣ˭Ը

ĵĵȴ
ʱ仺ȥ121죬ʱ䣬ַ칫һ˹ܵͬʱǰâ֣̤һȻӰûİˣҲǳķâ¶ȴǳ죬â̡
2ŵս1ѡȨ
߿ɽ롣
ַҫ߾ĿҲ
΢΢죬ɫָƽ
2ŵԽȥˡҫַ忪ڵֻ1֣а԰գҲٶԣҫȥʼҫûаɱ⡣
ַ΢ȻһЦ
ҫǿƣ°ʧΪһǿ߷緶
ɡַҫıӰֱӿڣ߻ٿһ٣δתͳҸɡ
ΪҺܿͻΪҫˡַҫĸԣӲ̸˾δػܣƾʵѹƣҫռöԳųϡ
ϵͲһˡ
ҫҫ˵ͷϴԼʵǿҫǿȻ˴ԸЩ壬ô˵ҲԼˡ
Ȼ
ҫתͷĿԣô㣿
ַһЦ
Լ֪ҫվ˹
̭ǳ11ߣ˽ݻ񾳡ַ
~
ֹҫ칫

ҫ칫ðַҲǽܡ
ʵҲַ֪˵аһףѾǹ˾ݻ񾳽ҪĽףսǿоͳ
ߣǳҲǳصģ̭Ҫݻǿ
Ľǳʵס
󡭡
ҫַ칫ġıͣ΢ʵܴڣ˵һСȻϣҫ֪һѺƣǷȱѼ㣬ŵȫûԼҲ˽ȥ
ǿǿ֣
ʣˣַȵ֣ϵȫ̾档
ռݾơ
㡣ҫ
ַ壬ǿεġ



1107 
ҫУַ칫֪ܿġܡ
څ2ŵеġһʥȪ
ֻбɣἤǱ档ҫʣб֪ÿδͬ3ŵҽ֪ǡ
ƽĻȴ͸¶ţ܅3ŵΪǳӵУ
ҫʵ¡
˭Ƚҫʵ
칫Ȱɡַ
շԲ칫¸սϵ칫ҫزʶǹͨʱԼһ㡣Ŀ칫ַ֪⣬Ҳƴǣ漴ǽ롣
~
˹ܵ칫ƿ2ŵͬ20졣
Ҫ1ôַʵ
ҫͷֵ
ַš
ҫԣȲεǿڶ̶̶ʮдֵƱۡ
20칫̥ͬǡ
ʥȪЧǵݼģ20ʱѾܱҫ
ҫѡˡַ
һԭ򡣡ҫ
ַδʡ
Ϊҫԭ򣬹ҫĿֻһ

20ٽҫ3ŵһսҲ2020ʲô㣿ɫȻҫɱȰ11߳ˣ
ַһЦӦò
ҫһǲ⡣
ַ11һֱδɽ¶ˮͬǽɫߣʼֳ20ҫ㣬ǳͬ۶һûУ֡
ҫüͷһ塣
ֺľڡ뿪սַԼ칫ǰЩһֱ߻ƣȴδ11ߡ
ҫ˼Ƭ̧̣ͷַ壺롭
҅1ŵַʼգĿ궼δı䡣

ս⡣
ַҫһжϸѰ
֪ô҅1ŵҫ
š70%ɣҲҿ϶ַ
ҫһ˵
οҲܺ棬һֱûҵ3ŵ11߿ģ2ŵǳģֻսǿռݵġ
еܣһֱҫ֪ġ
ҫзֻеսʿ𣿡ַ
ʲô𣿡ҫ⡣
ַ壬칫ĴѰ҅1ŵɱػħ񣬻еսʿͬҫɱеսʿƾȥ磬ο˷ʱЩûǻ۵Ĺϡ
Ҫģֻ߻Å
еսʿʵΡ
ͨģأذսеսʿ࣬90%ַ徭ḻ׵Ļеսʿӽأʵ10%
еսʿַ嶼ܹ
ǽʵĻеսʿΪûǻʵҪۿۣ칫ȻȲʤȯ
һеսʿʵȴʮֿ¡
ǳսǹ룬ˣûǻ¼£칫һ˲Ķ֣Լ˵޻þԻеսʿôûУΪû꣬ȻܻþӰ졣
࣬ʵεĻеսʿֻв1%ıֱַҫǲ㻳Ʌ1ŵĹؼЩеսʿϣ
ַɣԡ
ЩеսʿսԼкܶĵá񼯽ôһҲûʲôܣԼ칫۹Σƶϳۼ90%İա
ϧʵã֪ؼЩеսʿ򲻹ǡ
ҫڣһжĲͬ

ҫسŵ
ȴӦַ壬ǲİַҲǴ۽磬ʶĹ֮ȻֻСţҫʵ̾Ϊֹ֮Դ񷣬׾پնɱƬʮеսʿ

ǿĻеսʿҲҫ
ѿһѷϽҲеսʿûʲôַͬԲһʱʧ·չҪһһߣɱһǿеսʿܿܡ
⽫һ־õս
ҫۻǿĹ£һ֮ǰ޷ǿеսʿɱ
ȻûЅ1ŵѶϢַҫδһδε飬һδεĹ߱񼯽ÿһɱĻеսʿ
򲻸ˣھ20쵽֮ʱڡ
һεըѣͬ
࣬ӴַҫǰɢȥгһڵԲξƬַ΢΢һһŲԲξƬ֡
ˣ



1108 1ŵ
1ŵǳ֡
ˡִַԲξƬϷ˸ĺɫâָ·ܣѴ֮ҵą1ŵƬǶǿƽĿ׶Ǽ𶯣ܹâۡ
¡¡~~
1ŵ֣ӵص紺ðַ֮¶Цݡ
Լ칫һֱѰңڹ򲻸ˣȻûҫһԵİϣ1ŵĹؼԿסܵõַ̰֮Ѱ҅1ŵĹУҫԲǡ
Ƚȥɣҫַ
ҫЩ΢΢죬ĿԣνǫãûʲôͬȽȥ3ŵ
140졣
죬2ź3ŵͬʱһѭ
ҲУ30ַҲƴǣ3ŵһѭ30졣
ҫͷ漴뿪
ַ1ŵ

23ߣӵ1ŵ10Ȩ
ߣڵ11췢ս
˶յѶϢ
1ŵĿȨ2ẉֻ̂ʮʱ䣬ҲζŅ1ŵ3Чѵһַ̤УȻͬ
1ŵʲôûУͬһķ䡣
ֻһȪʵĹȪ֮ϣԼ츳֮оȪˮɡ
ɷء
ʥȪַૡ
ҫ˵ʥȪͅ2ŵһģһ
߻˹ַܵ岢δ飬漴ʥȪ֮УԼֻʮʱ䣬Ņ3ŵҫռݣԿ϶ǳһսԼ
~~˲䣬ַͫ׷Ŵ
ȫʥȪӿⰵ֮岻ıͺԿףһƸӡǣ̲Ѫܣĺڷ˳ǰ·˹

׹
ǡַȻһģĸоڷ˵ȻֻǱ𣬵ȴһᾰǣгŭͲʣǶĿߡ
ɲǼ䡪
~~~
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ϵƽ仯ĸܣ̲ǿַоǿɱ䣬ͣϸɱ䣬εɱ䡣
Ӹ漤Ǳôַҫ˵2ŵҲˡ
ֹ壬ʱԴǽ̩ǳǳȡʥȪȪˮһġϡƼԪء
ϵĿƼ̾Ϊַֹ̾
ڵ֪ʶˮƽ޷ĿƼⲢʥȪǿһϵĵ̩ǳǳߵ֮·У̩ǳǳһγɣ޷ٸı䡣
ʵˡ
£ߵƷ׶һ
ǲܱ䣬Ĭǵ̫ǳַ尵ȹԴǽ磬Դǽȼʹ̩ǳǳƷʥȪͬˡ
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ַۣܿС

졣
졣
졭
ʱһţ̸ַоԼҫԸ棬ǿǵһƿĳ̶ȣļޣǰֵܵ͹İһʵ塣
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̶ʱ䣬Լ˴仯׵ıǳ
̩ǳƷײͬǳδںǵһɱ䣬ӶʹƷײߣʥȪ£ʱǳֱ̩ǳ
ʵս޻þ˲ɱַаա
ǳʹ츳֮ٴ

ǿģԭں̩ǳԼⰵ֮ԼԹ밵ĸӦ
ˡ
̩ǳͿͻƱݡ
ַڴ

~
ƿһڣ̩ǳͻ䣬õַԴǽ䡣
ԭ޵̩ǳƷ׸ʤȫ಻סתȫ̩ǳݼתʥȪҪٴɱ䣬ȴ޷ǰһĺͰҪٶͣȴΪԴǽޡ
ǳܡ
ͺƴҪǰȴһɾ޴赲š
ʲô
ַҧأ̩ǳâʱ˺¡һһΪ֮й~~ͺˮ̰ӣӿȫǵＫ޵ٴɱ䡣
Դǽ𶯣ͬʱһ㿲ĺͰľâ֡
һж˲ı仯ɱ䡣
ַ壬Ǵﵽڡ



1109 ļԴǽ
ⰵ֮屬ǱԴԴϵھ
ﵽֻǿʼϰĿʼԴǽ಻ϱ󣬴ﵽںαϽͣһʰ
90000
95000
98000


ԾţԴǽͻ10ɲǣַоԼķ·Ҳ֮˳Դǽ𶯣һ˲ʧȴǿӿ롣
ӿ
ʥȪַ尵ݡ
ԴǽʥȪתΪԴǽԴȪԴԴϣǰ֧Դǽ֧ͭĻɽģԴǽԭڣɲǼĺͰļ͡
ĺͰĵĴСȡԴǽȼ
ԴǽȼԽߣĺͰľԽˡ޾ӿ룬Դ֮Ѹٱ仯ԭҪ²ɵɱ䣬½˲10%
ǧǧǧ

ҪԴǽ磬һѪڶΣ֮Ϊ֮򡣡ַĿϾƣⰵֱ֮¶άš
Դǽ磬ļ
ĬǴδ˴ﵽĵļǿͻƺ೬10000ﵽߴףҵѪѣܳ2000030000Ҳֻ50000ҡ
50000100000൱
ÿµʥȪַ꣬ʵʥȪǺһܼǱҩء
Ǳʲô
Ѫ
ÿһ࣬Ĭǵ࣬ϹѪޱȻԻ͵ĵһࡣ
ǵĴѪѣһֽѪʻĹַ̡⣬ԭڵѪصĺȻѵֻһС֣ȴܽѪȫӡ
ѪԽǿԽࡣ
ÿǱޣҫԣǱھʱٽʥȪЧͲˡ

죬ڶס
죬ס
ʮ죬Ľס
ʥȪԴԴϣξѹⰵ֮忰ĬǿѪҲΪַǲףԳƵǷԾ
̶̼죬ѴĽס
ֲԴǽ磬ļԴǽѹÿһǿߣǿ߾㾡⣬ҲǧСַ塭ģĶ򱶣
Դ޴ֲ
ܱıԴַ塭ʮ֮
ַֹĸ򵽱Դ֮
ߣܴ֮֮ԴͰ֮ԴֱߺֱߣĸʮֹԼĸԴ
ξѵĹⰵ֮壬
Ĺⰵ֮塣ַ⣬ѪԴͷȫǿҫ˵ȫԼսֹһȣȫԽ֮ǰ
ѹַ֮֮ǰǽӽأذڅ30ȴܽӽأ񡣡ַһЦ
Թ֪а
µԼսֹӽأ˵
أ
ھ;浶ǹսҲаһϸ¡ַţʵ޾ҲԼĿǰڣ
ÿһأǿߣ붼ء
صĴԶʤڶأв칫֪սأذֱأ
ԼܿĨƽ
ңֻǿ
ʥȪĹⰵ֮壬źͳҩƵĹЧַ΢΢һЦԼֹ֮ɿڶأڶ50%ңȻԭǵڶصĹ֮ĿǰΪǿ֮ǰǵصĹʥ֮ͻ
شΪͬȡԴǽ硣ַȫȷ
ʵܼ򵥣ԴǽжɵĹġĲж󣬹֮Խ࣬ԽԴǽɵޣֻصĹ֮
£ļԴǽɵȻࡣ
֮ȫ롣ַǳ⡣
ζʲô
Լƿҩÿƿ10%Ϊƿ50%֮ԼֻҪȫƿҩʳôͽ֮ͨȫأ
εȾ˿ֲ
԰⣬ʱǳҲһս¡ַ尵
£Լֻʱ䡣

151졣
ʮʱգ۶ַڅ1ŵƿȨǵڡ
2㷢սѡǷܡ˹ַܵ岢⣬ԼµǳӦ˵1ŵκһ߲
Ȩַǡ
µԼԷǳ֣ҲûҪԼʵͱ仯
š
ܿ죬ҾͻĻ㣡
ַĿԣ粽



1110 һ
ţûս칫ַǲ졣
ԼԭΪʮǰ2ŵʱ޵ں11ŷ֮ս칫Ͼʵ¹ܺ;칫أǵ86˵֮겻ŹȺûᣬ
ûС
칫Ҳûгڅ2ŵ
칫Ǳҫǳߡַ˵δ칫ܱҫǳǿֻҫǳ˶ڼޣǱ߰˰ˣ칫ûС
Ѫ
ʥȪ˾ھѪ⣬ͬǿѪŨȵĹáַֻǵѪҪٽһ̫ңԶڶѪѵ칫Ͳһܿܳô˻ᣬһɵѪѡ

ĵĵȴ
£ʵսھĲˣʮʱ˹ʵ⣬ַ˼ôߡ׼ȷ˵üͬʱ
е˽ס
Ҫһȴ׵£ԶĲ˵Ǽ˵ġͬˡ㲻Ǻȹ̣ҫΪһ֮Լ칫ͬˣ߱˴ʵҲȡ
׵ķȻԼ칫Ƚҫͬ⡣
Ľðôķա
칫϶Ը󣬵ԡߣʮ֮˾Żᱻ̭۴һԼΪ˵ġм㡯еΣҡ
Լ־ġ

ʮܿȥ
ʵս161죬ַδ11ŷ֪֮꣬«ʲôҩ2ŵ⣬ַȴʱ޽˹ܵȻǰһӰ
칫
~칫ǰַǰһ
һ˫鶯ǳ侫͸¶һʣϢȫ仯˴Ψһȶ˵ˮ۵ļƣԼ¶һĨ΢Ц
ϲ칫ַЦ
Լϣ칫˵Ѫǿֻв10%߲ܹѣ칫һԱѪľʻǱ칫ֹأ
Ⱦ涼ǿĶࡣ
лл칫ȻһЦûжĻֻĸл
ûַİûڵ
ѹ11ŷ֮ûս칫ʵ̫ǿԺ֮ǰǳڅ2ŵ칫ҲĴҪͣȴҪַԮ
ǱھΣַʵ
ˡ칫ͷ
ַš
40ą2ŵ칫ѪǿǱҲĲˡ
ˣ칫Ƚɡַ΢΢һЦйâʱöУ칫ȻĽӹЩδüӦǱĹâ
ַһٿ˹ܵ
17߼öᣬмҩݻʽ硣ɵȻַǰ칫΢Ž̵СҪ˵ʲôȴѾˡ
~~
â칫˲ʧ
ַһЦ
칫Ҫ˵ĻԼµõ
칫ԸԼΪһԼСʱһööʵ˶٣һȻǺã١û
öַ֮ǰаö¸öʣöһöԼġ
ҫööպý
ʮѿ
ȻҪôðöһöʲôĺôȻ̭ĿԴЩиԣʱս
ʱܽݻʽ磬Ըǿߣǿ
ʧеá

171졣
ǳɶڅ1ŵûгҲûսҫȴǴӅ3ŵɫʮֲ죬ǲ칫Ľַ֣֮Զ׼
ַû԰Ϊ
λӸλҫһֹ°
ʲô˼ҫ˫ͫݣַ塣
ҫϢŭġַµҫ㷴Ӧ漴칫֮渵칫ĴҪô֣Ҫôѡ
ٸ֣Լƽ᳹ױĨƽ
ַĽͺıҫɫŻĿȻûƭң
Ȼᡣַ嵭ȻһЦ˫ֻҪҫԸϣһȥǳǷ³ɣҶԸöҫڵąպöö
ãҫȻͷ
һΡ



1111 һ
1ŵ
10죬һҪҫǳ2ŵ3ŵٵ1ŵÿһʵҫƾǅ1ŵһѾǵѭ
Ϊҫ3ŵպô
Ȼҫһս23ŵͬǣ1ŵǱѴＫ£ʵһ2ŵ3ŵ߱ģ1ŵʥȪʮر
֪칫Ϣ̫⡣
ռ֮һ
ҫֻҪ10Ҳɰա
ǱҪǺҫ

ַҫڵȴ
ʣ˶ǽɫʼֳ20֣Ȼҫǳ۹һ΅٣ҫʣ3֣ǳҲ1ֻ2֡
˶Ѿޡ
һֱе11ŷֱ֮꣬ĺܺãڵ175ʱǽ˿һ˵ą2ŵ
ˡ
ֻЅ1ŵǳ
ַ2ŵ3ŵ²õʱҫѵ˹ؼʱ̣ȥǳĿԾܳ90%
սҫ
ȻǺáַǳҲҪ1֡
ֱͨսȻܾ֮ҫ޷ս൱ҪģΪǳ᧿Σҫͬľֻ֣Ҫąûϵ
ʱܴöȫ
áҫͷ
˵һһǳ£ǳʵ˺ܴ
˭أ
ַԥһ£δʡ
ǲһأǾǳ1ŵ30죬ҫδ1죬ʵڱСҫδʤǳ
ԼҲǰʣҫĹ°𣬷ἤŭ
ӮȻǺá
䣬Ҳʲô˵¡
ַгѡ

181졣
ַ廹ʣ15֣ҫֻʣ2֣Ĵ
ǳҲòȥ
ˡַҫᣬ漴ǳսͬΪɫûʲô˿ռսһǱսһ1ȱȥ
ҫֻѹע1֣ǳ
ʧܣַһ
漴ǳѱ޷սַȻһЦû뵽ǳԼԤиңȫľʵսĹԼֻʣ1ʱ޷սҲ޷ͨս
ôҫʵ
ַʮᷢʲô
⣬ʮǳͳһö͵յ׽һ
ƣԼԽԽ

181졣
183졣
185졣
ַ尴ա
Լǳڿ϶żаٰڹеԼҫҲ޼£11ŷ֮޿κΣѽ2ŵ
ȵ190죬ǳͳ

ַһȴǰҫ΢һ¡
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ҫҷս
ǳ
ֻʣ1֣ǳǹǽ޼ƿʩÿʮͳ1օƴһƴַҡҡͷǳͼذ¼úӲӲС
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ǿػ
ˣַһû뵽ҫܵô죬Լ˵üͷ΢šַһҲΣϾҫҫ֮ףأеĳǿߡ
ͽԲԼڲ
˵ǳսǲܣδ档ߣǳ֮ǰڅ2ŵĹʱսһΣȫʤʮҫǺԥܡ
Լʵܷġ
أأءַ٣ȴЩġ
û˱Լ˽1ŵǿԼ벻10Ѿ췭ظı仯ǳʮ죡
ʵɲ⡣
Ӧò°ɣַ˫
ĵȴ˵һƾеļսʱϵԽַԽġ
һߡ
~~ǰҫ廯һɢʧַɴ۾ǰһɫѿʲôԼµ̭£ʱԼиֵĵһͷǡ
ҫ̭ˡ
δ䣬˲ʱ˹ܵȻ
2߼öᣬмҩݻʽ硣
2ߣǳ



1112 رԴ֮
ʧݡ
ַҡҡͷҫ̫ţʱźԸֻ˱һ㡣ȫԲǳڲ֮أǳȫǿ֮ĩƫƫ̡
ŵʼֻԼһˡַ̾
ʼգҫԼһֽģȫΡվĽǶʵôҲû⣬Ͼǳ֮ǰ£ٻһֱӾõ㹻ąֶΪ
û뵽ǣ1ŵ30ǳ̥ǡ
һʧ㣬ǧźޡ

ϧҫַ̭˵ʵӰ첢
Ҳ֪ݻʽ磬ҫĺĻҲ󣬷ǳĽɨԼϰʣ1ִͬнɫġ
11ŷ֮ꡣ
಻ᳬ10ַ֡ѾǼ޵Ĺֵ
ʵԼ11ŷִ֮5ңԼ15֣Լƺԣʵ桭
1ŵַ尵ݡ
ǰ֮ĿԼصޡ
ڵ175ʱą2ŵǡ185죬10졣ַţٿһڽ1ŵպһѭܰ
ҫ֮ǰճʱ޷սǳһ
Լٽ1ŵΣʮʱ䣬ԼܴǿսͬʱҲƶֳɳ2011ŷ֮ԼսҲӮԼ
ô졣ַӰ˲ʱʧ

1ŵ
ٴνҪ1ֿ֮ͲҪԴַǺ˽⡣ִ15Ϊ14Ȼ´࣬20ʱҲֻǼȥ2֡
ȼѪļھǱǱܡַ˼·
֮ǰ10ʱ䣬Լʵ޴󣬵ܴһԴǽʵĵѪļδ
~
ַٴνʥȪѸٸȫ
~~~
ͺһ޵׶ա
ʵ֮

һʮ죬ѪǱ
ڶʮ죬ַס
ʥȪ޾ļԴǽٶȸǿֲǿҪһ׿Ҫǧַ꣬˵ȴˮףȻ֮ԽԽ࣬
ٶȣɿֲ
žžַüͷš˿ܾұ仯ʳҩ޾֮ͬʱҲ峬ɣϾҩǸħƥɳġ
ҪܣȻࡣ
һָһջ
أַҧأо֮ϣԽԽУƿҩͻƵǰ֮Ȼѵǰħ֮֮Ϊ֮ǰǿġ
Ӱ֮ǰħ֮û֮֮
֮صΪĬǿߵΪޣԴǽܳܵ
ʱƿҩȥƿһ㡣
ʥȪַס
Լⰵ֮ġǱܡڵһʮѾھĲ࣬ԼڣԴǽļǱٴӿ֣ʮֹǱܣʥȪвЧ
ڵ壬ޡ
Լ¶Թ֮֮ĸ֮ǰʮֹδκΰ⣬صİ֮ΪѲѷɫκһǿߣǷȱġֻǽΪȫ
쵽ʱˡַ׼
ԼоԵţܻǰս11ŷ֮ꡣ
ԸΥ
11ŷ֮꣬δս
ޣַһЦ
ƱԼԤĸѣ11ŷ֮ԅ1ŵսֻһԭǾּˡ
ʵսѾ206죬֮־Ѻȥ20֣11ŷ֮֮ǰֱӿ2ŵҲ֣ǰʱֻǿǿߣõֲҫǳ
Լȥս
ҫĴĿѵؼʱ̣ɽνս
Ҫһս
Ǿַ̹ȻһЦη޾塣


܅1ŵ޷ǱʥȪȻһһģЧ˿澧ַѸսͬʱܷƩ硪
ǡ
ܷӰ֮ĳʥ
һŤǽ硣
ڶѹ
ͻ̡
ÿһԼ֮Ϊ˼ɱ䡣̺Դ֮ǿᣬַ岢żһ̤ʵ
Ѿӽ100%ŤǽͰѹ
ӵк˹ġ
ͻ̣


1113 ٣
ͻ̡
ǵΨһĹͬҲǿ
˵ŤǽͰѹֻһǱԴ⣬ôͻѶȼʮ֮˾ǶǱԴ⡣Ҳַ֮ǰΪʲôǳѵԭΪ֮Ϊ粻
Ѳͬ
ͻ̣֮ͻȡڰ֮شΡַġ
ʱ޷⣬ʥʲô
ԱԴʩչûܲٿأֻԼӵذ֮򱶰ġ֮Դʻѹġ

̤׺ʵȽƽȡ
ʥȪ壬ļԴǽ򱶵ĹĺͰģʥȪ̩ǳƷҲɱ䣬ʵȽʮֿ٣ʱ210죬˹ܵٴ𡪡
11ͳһöǷ񱨼ۣ
ַ΢΢һ
Լ֣ʣ11֣һЦ
ַϾܾ
Լ11ŷ֣֮Ҳ޷ö֮ǰǳҫȫöԼԭ嵽öٲȻѳö
Ĳᱻ˻
Լھö11ŷ֮Ҳ࣬˼Ҳġ
ϧַ尵̾
ҫôԸ嶯һ̭ǳƾԼֱչ11ŷ֮ąȫЯֽˣҲûʲôðûڵġ
Լǡ
11ŷ֮ͳȫǷֱӽַ֮һ
ˣǲս֮ˡ

ַ岢¶֣11ŷ֮û̫Ҫԡ
һʵǺǿֱӽԼʣɾ˷ˣ11֣ǿ110ʱ䣬עҪݻʽᣬ110콫ޱȱ
ԶĲ˵ڵǳԼܻô
ܡַ
˫ȭĿ⾼񣬶־
ڵȷܣ110󡭡ԼʵԼԤ㣬ʱ޷Ҳ̫Զ

ַռŅ1ŵˬĺܣҪɶ֣ҲûʥȪ壬ǿǣǱʵȽ׵ͬʱҲܸŰ⡣
ͻַ̡ʶڰ֮Դ֮У޾֮Ԫذصİ֮Ϊ԰ĸӦ򶼴ļԴǽǰԼȫĵͶС
ЧʣԶʤĬǵǿߡ
֮һ̬Ϊޡʵ塣
͹һشݡ
԰ַ֮廹˽ġ
ϾڵĿƼεᵽͨĴڣһɲ֡
һʵİ֮
ͰȻ෴֮ܶȴơ
簵֮͹١
ַڰ֮ĳԶ֮
ǹ֮׺΢⣬֮Ϊڶؿһһӡ򣬺ȡɡӹ֮ٵ֮ܶɽ仯
εģεġ
йûС
ٶȺȶڹͱ仯

ӹ𲽣֮°빦ʡʱ䡣ؼȫѪǱʶڰ֮Դ֮У֮ǰֻ㶹Сڡȴȿռ֮С
ֹٱ
ͻ̣ؼ桪
ͻ̡
԰ַк̵
֮ǰŤǽ磬˵ǳʥǡľ裬һͨѵͻ̣ǹǰ࣬ܣͻ̷һ
͹֮ͬ
ͻ̵ĹؼӦϰ֮衣
죬仯

ַԼǿ
ʱ˺ͣգΪݻʽ
ʵÿһ춼ڽ
ʵսÿʮ춼ڵʱ
~ʱ230죬ԺϤһβǅͳ
Ϊ11ŷ֮ąĴֻʣΨһһö
11ߺľ֡˹ֻࣺʣλԅ񼯽أ11߽פֱ23߷սľ֡
էȻ䣬ַݸЦ
δ̫ϣԼ֮ǰ뵽Ϊ˵ąö֮11ŷ֮ҪȵԼٺԼһϸ¡
õġءҲ
11ŷ֮û֣ԼгʱȵԼֺľʱ
ʵѽȡ
ܺáַڅ1ŵչ
̡



1114 
ַ岢δ2ŵ3ŵ
ҫ칫룬ʲôͬʥȪͬɣȽ3ŵٽ2ŵ1ŵЧ1ŵٽ2ź3ŵ
Чɻۿۡ
ʥȪͬһʼڵ1ŵЧҪãò˶٣ϾԼǱѼ߰˰ˣҪ½2ŵ3ŵ1ֿ
£1־൱10ʱ䡪
څ1ŵ10졣
ȥÿһļ룬څ1ŵǱҲᱻϣϾڰС൱ؼԼĿǰѾȹ̣ǿߣǷȱֻǶ԰;硣
ͻַ̡Ŀʮȷ
ǿܱذ֮İ⣬ǽ90ĹؼǱԴ⣬ذ֮Ϊ򱶰ģϰǱܣƾһԼ˵ɱˣɱ
ؼǣ

ʱ䣬ܳ㡣
څ1ŵܸŵĳ򱶵İģⰵ֮ǱܼԼ֮ȫΪΪַڰ֮ܳҡ
Ӧ򣬴ֿɼ
ǱԴȷѣֻǿ߶ԡվھ˵ļϣַ岻Ķ࣬Զ90죬򷽷
ʮ죬ɹʩչ
ڶʮ죬ð⾫衣
ʮ죬ɹԾ豬ͻ
80%ַǣ˫ʣ20%ҪƶһʽͣʩչʩչŻᷢ100%ͬǣرս֡
83%85%87%
ַ建Űͻ̵ʵΪվ
90%
ʣµģʵսȥơַͻ̵
55죬ɹɼȶĿꡣ
µԼ
ȲǳҲ˶١ַһЦ

ĳ̣ûֹͣ
ַԲ˷ѱᣬڅ1ŵеʥȪգʵȽױȶٵʱ58죬ɹ׿ףڶǿԽԽ
ʵȽ׵Ǳϸ΢ӡ
ʥȪȫƽִַڵ˫ͫʥȪͬʱ򵶷
ħаػ
i峬ǿߵĵʽһʽһʽǿ
һʽĲ࣬ʼѷ衣ַ御ѾʩչһʽЧ⣬ûʦ̵
ؼǰħ֮ħ֮Ӧûһؼء
ʲôأ
ַ˼ѡ
Լһֱûд𰸣ʩչͣͲͨĸо
ˡַһζҲǰ취飬ַԺиֳħаػĵڶػʼصڶʽ
ڶػǿӡ
ͬģ̺İħ֮Ҳ̡
һڶػϰܴӵڶػϰиһЩҵ
ǹؼĴ𰸡

ʱš
ʵսǵ310죬ַڽ1֡
ս֮ԽԽ
δֹͣħаڶػûеһػôףͰ֮ȡؼǵģؽֻǿ߱׼ַ岢ûơ
ַ嵶Ի൱ɫģʮûа׷ѡ
ַ߳嵶磬ͫޱȡ
밵ħ״̬ܳɹʩչħаڶػʤ򳬳˳ɵħаһػڼľսַ岢ģսʵսʱܲ11ŷ֣֮ڡ
ҫǳһս֮
ɡַڴ
ڴĲһսǼݻʽ硣
ġս֮ء

320졣
ַĴֱӱ1ŵսδ
Ϊַ廹öͳ
ǷͳַһЦԥ
ʮû޷1ŵʵսػħͻеսʿʵǿĻеսʿһϸ£֮ǰʵãڡ
պַʮա
ʵսܹؼ
֮Ļеսʿѵ֣ͬʱҲܽͻ̷ʵսȻʵдַ岢δĶǿߣĽף񣬻һξ롣

ܿ죬һ׷ǡַսļᶨ֮ڰ֡
ħаػ֣ʮʵսĥʹַ彫Щȫת˼սԺС˹һַľ֡
~~
ַӰʧ
ս



1115 ħаػġ⡯
11ŷ֮ꡣ
ʮ߸صһһֱδ®ɽĿ
ַ֡һֱźܶǸɾĶ֣ս˵һСһߣǰõɫʵսиƾһ֮ڡ
Լͬһˡ
ң൱Ĵ
ĿȷðգƴʱûаԥûԼеһأԼδıá
~~~
Ӱͬʱڅռ䡣
սַѾϤսߣӮ䣬ʵսĴٴ˵أȻȣʵս340죬ʱ׾Թ϶ڵԼ
վĬǿ֮֡
ৣַĿ⾫׿սԡ
һս䡣
Զ11ŷ֮꣬УһƵľ磬ģϢʣ˾ͺһʵѱĻӰ羵ˮ¡
ǳ׼Ʒʥַ尵
Ӧþ11ŷ֮ʵսԭˣԼ츳֮궼ֻǿӦϢȴǱ𣬸˵ߡ
ײֲ֪ס
ʥߡַɫ΢΢أǳ칫Լĵڶ˫ߣ칫ڴ֮겻ͬ츳֮ʹ֮޼Ϊڣ
Լһģһ
δڡַоõ־˵Ǳڡ
ԼĶ֡

ַȼģڵ
յİƣҪʵսܷǿİͻ̣¾޷100%Ҳ95%ϡ
ħаػȻӡ
ػħ񣬻еսʿսУԼȻûҵ𰸡
ƾ赶սַ֤ڵš
ⳡս־ڱصá
߳
һһ⣬˲ʱƵٶȼ졣ַ֮һݣⰵ֮ͬʱħ֮䡣һֱ֪ûУֵĽش൱ס
ؼޡַоѹ
Լĵֻس򣬵ֻѹĿԼԤԼ֮ǿ߿ѷɫģһǵģǰգ桭
䣡
ħ֮˲ʱļԴǽ磬򱶰ĵľǿֲơֱֲ11ŷ֮һŴ͸ĽҲ

ħаػƽַ̩ɽ
ħ֮ʹ˫ɱȻַԼĲӰ죬ħ֮ϾĲӰ죬սȴᷢ仯ɱַĵֱаħ֮
~
ħצֱȡ֮ꡣ
ַһ˲䣬ѷΪսۺơħаػǿ˲ʱ֣֮ȴҲ˵ã˵ãȣ˲ư㣬ͣŲơ
߳߳
ַ屣ֹƣż
˵ͺһһĶ֮ã֮Դĸں򱶵İĳǿʮ۳־ܾѹơ
֮꾡ƣδһ浹
ʥ֮ʮ񣬷ȵǿǽϷٶȼ£ҡǲס
ٶȡַ尵
֮ۺʵȷǿȴܶԼƣٶһϣԼҲδؼ͹⣬ٶȵߣߵĽϡǽٶȷӵ¡
ٶȣ
ַٿһ㶣һ͡
ǰ˲䱬֮귴ʱռѣַ䣬ٿڵһգħаػһʽַĻӵҪһħаػľȴֶ
~
ħ֮Ķħ밵ħ֮ȫϣַ뵶˲ʱغϡ
ħȻ١
䣡䣡䣡
ˮưӿݿַһֹ֮֮ƺһ˺󷽣ȴҲû뵽ַдһСڵַͫԡ
ԭˡ˿ַ̣ǻȻס
ħаػĴаǿߣԶԼĵ˽԰ħ֮򣬵ĳ֮⣬ͬĻ
Լ壬̫ǿ
̫ǿٶ̫죬»ӵԾҲ죬ԾԼħаػһػϸӵٶȴˣħаػľǡħǵ⡣
죬ǿ
ĵһǿ쵶⾳ǿֱָ֮
䣡ַڵ죬ɲǼĶʵǡ
һѾħаػ



1116 
֮꣬ȫơ
ʵսַ࣬һشΣʱ֮Ƶ᧿ΣԽսַԽоһĪϤ֮Լȴƫƫûм䡣
ΪǼʥַ
Ǽŷ֮Ԫصʥһ壬ֵСѶϢڡ
⣬ַ嶯ȴϼ
ǿᣬÿһλӵʹħаػµ۵ħаػַɼϷ֮꣬սȴһȣѹʤ
һδΣѹȡ
ޣַ֮һ𣬸оһǿȻԼĶ֡ȻʧЦַаԳޣ11ŷ֮ΪԼս֣Լµѹȣʱ̡
ͻˡ
ءַĿ⾫
ԼŬķĿ꣬µĶһ
ַкɫâ˲ʱܡ
ʱ򣬸ýˡ
Ťǽ硣ַ岻ٸκλᣬ1%ıſܣϣռ˲ʱŤڵذ֮ѹ£ǿõٶķ֮ж衣
ٶٿ죬ҲȲͽơ
ַռݾϷ硣
ýˡַӰŤĽƽء
ɲǼ䣬ڷ֮ıַͫħ֮ħ񡣷֮귴ӦҲǼ죬ɲǼתââϣĹǿ

߳
һ˿ĺڰʱ֣Ť͸һС
أ֮Ӱһ׹⣬ʱʧڅռ֮У޾âڰûַƬڰ֮ħһ˫ѪĿͮͮûκλʤĿУ
Щ;
ղǡַ٣ڰͻ̴͸֮ʱԼоһǿֿ֮
ǳϤһɫ
ʥַૡ
ԼĬǷʥӵߣ˼ʥԴԼʦʱĬȻڣ׼ȷ˵ǵǨƵĬǵѴڡ
ĵĬҪ
ԣĬǲӵʥġ
Ҳȫ̷񶨡ַ⣬ûʲôǲܵģʥҲδһʦУԴԵһأֻ̫߱ϵУУ̲ʥӡ
Լ֪кܶࡣ

һֿܡַ˫ͫһȻһЦ
ԣҪȸղֵĿԼʴĶ࣬ѹֵԼһֱ÷֮ϤͣóġͽһһжôǺϣͼһޡ
ϣġַ¶οЦݡ
š

ݻ⡣
~~һӰŷ֮Ԫس֣11ŷ֮꣬ϵɻҡҡͷؿڵƽ֮ո¶һĨЦݣûб̭ʧͲʡ
һο͸ǿ־
ַȻַ壬ô
ˡ
֮ȻЦ
黯һڵϢ֣ɫ֣¶һſӣǺַһͬԻĹŹֽͬ26ĵࡪ

׼ȷ˵Ӧƽ١
̭δǻ£һջСÿԱȽɥĹءƽٳ˷Уٶȼ죬ݻ񾳺Եֵ֪ǷԵס
ȣҪʦһء
ƽһĨЦݣʱɳĲַֹ壬ͬҲǡ
յѲַ˵ƽٵ츳ʸʤһԣƽǷȱǡġһż㲻εģ־ᶨģǿߵġ
ƽ٣Ȼ̥ǡ
ʧܣۣĥ£᳤ܻ
ӦٶһΪƽٶ

ݻʽ硣
һʵռ䣬һ⽻͸İ׹˿۳ӰĹƬɫĽռ䣬ķܱգһάռ䣬Ƽʮ㡣
ƬռУа˵Ӱɢλá
ɰһ䣬ֻһÿһ߶ǰ裬ͬһռ䣬ȴء
Ľף壬գӥϣ俹칫Լǳ
ִݻʾߣߡ
ڵȴ
ȴһ˵ĵ
ִݻʾ߻ٶЩûڣǼʵ칫ǳûкҩԣͬʱҲǶݻʽڴССһЧ˾ˣǿݻʽʲô
أ۴У
ǿ
Զ챦
ǡ
ͻϵԿף
~ھŵӰڳ֡



1117 סֻ
мҩַૡ
ڽɲǣԼһƿмҩ䲻֪ҩЧΣӦúͳҩΪһ͡Լ֮أռǲ
ţַ֮
ռתϢ仯ٿظӦ˰˵ȻͬϢΪϤ
칫ǳַ尵ʱɫâƣĿһƬɫռ䣬һռܹͶӰֳǳ
Ľף壬ϡ
һϤӣǰʱԼĵٲȻĿۡ
Ȼֵ㡣ϵһڣ¶һĨЦݡ
ǰַ΢Цͷ
ϺԼҲе㽻飬ԼĴݻʾðǡڅûаǣԼܽ
ʣ˭µֵܻӮӥЦ
ַ֮˲Ϣס
Լ֮ǰǳӦѾԼġϢ͸¶Լ֣֪ԼĴʵȽ֮ԼĽܵȷߡ
ֵǵȵĹðĽ׵ڡ
ַһӡأеĳǿʮƽ׽ˣԼܺµĻȴԴáתһ룬ַҲͻǳԼһٶ죬ءȷЩС
˼λַǸ
Լݻʽ绹δʼ͵ˡ
ǳͼһԣĽɫƽһ칫俹Ͷ΢ЦַһůôԼݻʽ뻹ѣʵ׵
ֵܵĴָ佱ȴ֪Ƿġ
ǻ˵ţ»ʲôġӥḧ룺ԴС׬һǣֶܽС϶ܱȡ
ʵȴַϵĹϵνϵ
ַ̹ȻһЦ
ı䲻ʲôǵ˵չǵˣѵġѡƬݻʽдҶǵˣҲûĹֻӥַ칫ȻһЦַͷ
룬Լһ̤ʵѡ
Լ칫ʵ俹ڽвѷɫκһߣʵǿĽ׺塣
νƤ
ٿء
¡
άռ𶯣ܱǳ·ħʱ˲Ϣǧ򻯣һͺرַĿһݣǾܣԷһ
䱸ĲַֹһĽף壬գÿһɫء
ִַ֪дݻʾĺݻʽδйĴ󶯾
ӭݻʽ硣쳹ƬܱյĿռ䣺λħһһʿһľӢǿߣΨħӷݻʱµĶ¡
ȥɣʿǣݻʱؿ飬ǽܹݻ񾳣ٻ¡
סֻ
Ȼÿһߡ
ִдݻʾߣ޲Ȼǵı֮ǰĶʮ߸ʮһ̵ǳȴİӰٿһƣ۶ȥ
ţ
ַŸꡮ˹ܡѶϢĿ˳ǳ۷ȥڸղŵɲǣƬռ𶯱仯֪ʲôʱһĹʧ
ؿ飡
ݣһӰǳʧǼա
̿ͳĿжؼδȫղŷصѶϢֱӿʼжǵһ䡪ֻ֮Ÿ̭
ʱ䣬ʮֵĹؼ
ಣಣĽ׺ȺϣܿϺͻӥҲжԭྲ̵ʱɢָƽֻʣַ壬칫俹˲δһʱж
飬ûôס
ַ岻ģ֪ʲôطݻʱؿ顭
Цô
ֹӡ칫ӭ俹شдһ˿Ů˵Ľģ;Ů񣺡лֹչãǵ¡Ҷ˵ˡ
ĵЦԵһУκ͸м
Һ칫ͬ˹ϵԵͬˡַǫû칫æҲܽ
ֹӹǫˡ俹մĹǡٿһЦ俹֣֬ϣҲܾϺѹء
ַ嵭ȻһЦա
ģ俹Լĸоܺã칫sͬһˣǺȷѡ
Ȼַ칫ȻЦ
څ˴˱Լ
㲻룬Բ



1118 ħ
Ŀǰ󡣡俹
õģ㡣칫Ц
ַͷħȵѡΣ϶ûô򵥡йڅľ飬ַܿ϶ַʽ˵Ŀǵһ֣ݻʽĿǵڶ֡
ڵһоͳʵأǰʮʵĻеսʿڶѶȿ֪
š俹ס
˵żƭ˵ģϾһεĻǧѷꡣ
˼ǰС
ַ칫ѾĬĹ۲ΧһûоͷǼͨǰܲϿǳת̤͸ϣǿա
֣ûϢ칫Դǡ
俹Ҳǲ⣬䶯һҲûô࣬գۼһϢûУɷַ֡岢δ츳֮Ȼɢȥ˸Ӧ
Ϊһǰ档ַ忪ڡ
칫俹һ俹ַʮֺ档ʵϣַĲֹ俹һ壬գϣͬܺ桪
ַôģ
ʵڶʮ߸Сȫǵס
俹ʣΪѵһΣַ壬Ϊ칫
Ȼ
ûһǰһ͸ˮڣǰһˡԽԽɲǼ칫俹ɫһ䣬͸ˮڿԿħǿߣһ˫˫Ѫ˫ֲˡ
ѪıӶţǾ񱻹رõҰޣȴʳ
ޣַһ
ˮڷ裬Ӧ͸ݣħǿϢ֮һɫڶսЩ׶񣬾޴ޱȣЩצǿ߽룬˲ʬ޴档
أǿ߽룬ҲһĽ֡
ٿء
ǵһؿ飬ħ𣺡ʿǣħʮӿʱ䣬ͨرգһ䣬ݻʽûлͷ·Ҫôͨ飬Ҫô

ֱͷ
µ˲䣬ʱǿǰһŤħӣŻѪ֮ζκһǿ˶ȴֹȫǵ
칫俹ŵɫףǺ˶ħ壬ҡ
ȫǶս
ǵʵأħǾһʮħֱͷǴϻ칫һʱҲ˼ңû˾俹˵ز칫ǿ١
ʱڼʮʱǳ̡
룬
ζ̭
칫俹ҪˣۼʱٿȻһᣬҶ֫һǿ򹿣ϢǣǰɲȻһУ͸ˮڽħ
俹δѱ޾ħǿ߰Χ
칫ӣ
˲ʱ俹ҲӦŵסС죬һԲͨмУһεػǣΧһŭ˻ħǿߣ޷ӽǡ
ػַ壬ħ
ǰеȴַɡ
ৣŮʱһĨΣһ§Ŵδй⣬ŮҲ޷ԲͨܿǰһƬʱ䡪
ž
ξ
һؿ飬ͨȻ
ǽ̤ʵأŮ˲ʱعĿַͦεӰƽɫǻͷϿһΣǳ·ȫ
л㣬ֹӡ俹ؿ
ûַһؿ顣
칫ӣַ壺ô֪ħܰȫ
µġַЦЦ
£
ŮŪһ¡
ƭˡ칫е¶̬
俹ݸЦֹӸ֪
ȷǲµġַ΢΢һЦʵҲоõⲢǴͳϵĻþ
ŮţǷþһ۾ܿǻþͽ롣
ǴͳϵĻþ
ԣǻþ
Ůַ壬֪𰸡
ַ忪ڵħѸʱ޾£Щħǿ߸档
ܴ
څǻеսʿػħϸ˵ǶԴûҵʶħǿ߲һ塣
ŮȻ
ַԣȷʵܴ󣬵ͻȻķӦʮʱ䣬ǵ̫ǿЩħǿ߱Ϣǧȷ
ַһЦ
ֲǷĻþ˵ŮϵĿƼԼ棬ǱϾֻǺǼʵ
֮˵ǲµģʵһԭ򡣡ַ



1119 ڶؿ
ʲôԭ򣿡俹ʶʵ
칫ٿȻ뵽ʲôǻȻ
ˡַ˵ûˣҲûӦˡǰߣĽף壬ǵʵþ棬ӲҲͨħиӦǵϢ
ħϢħǿ߲ƭˡ
ǿΪΣ
ַ΢Ц
ˣ俹ȫף칫ħضһƬҺ壬սһսѪζ֤ǻþʵ
ַЦ˵Ҳĺô
ŮһЦַԣһؿ黹һȽϺá
ʵؼʱȶ칫Ĵܿģֻʮʱʵ̫̣Ψʼѵֻʵоŵߣſͨ
ֹӣһؿ˭ᱻ̭칫ʵ
²׼ַԿ϶ǡĽףǳһͨ
칫ףַ˼
ĸʵɲ⣬Ӳħпͨڿǻۺĵһؿ׹ءھԵʵǰһöȻ
峤ܻܿᱻ̭俹
ɻ壬ӥ
أе15ĬΨһһ峤
칫ͷ峤СģգһؿֹݵĶȻӦ峤ȨĿԳ90%
俹أ
칫ǰ˳һʿϸҸԤ⣬̭һһɡǰͨһؿ飬ʵҪͨڶؿ飬Ҳѡ
ϣأ17
ϳԿˡ俹Ƴַ塣
칫һЦ
ȷˣǮַһݻʾɵʲôò׵һꡣСݻʾԳϵʵܽʵ¡ǵòʧ
ַһЦ
ԼҲӳϣݻ˭Ҳϲ׼

˼ǰС
ַλм䣬칫俹ңǿ϶ַĹǵλʲôʵеʲôΣһؿ俹ַȫŷѾ̭
֪ڶؿʲô俹ૡ
һΪѡ칫һЦϣһ㣬̭ߣϣһ㣬Լܹء
俹һ죬У
칫Ц˼һ֪ô㡣
俹һˡ
ַһЦ
ŮСС֣˵֮񣬲ԼҲڴڶؿ飬һؿѪҺڣսʵڵһؿʱԼ֪ǻþȴڴ
ڴħġ
ϵսʵϱǿ
ڶؿ顭ַԶԼϢӦǴڣܿܵһΣ⣬һߵϢ
ַૡ

̤̤̤
ַ˵ͨͷǰǵӰĿŲλǽüĿַ壬΢ЦֵܹȻʵ顣
פڵڶؿǰģǳϡ
ǰ칫俹
ǰַǫס俹칫ȥ·ھˮң֮ͣйһؿľ飬ԼǰӦþͻᴥڶؿ顣
׼ûлǡϵͣ֡
λõģڶؿ͵һؿ鲻ͬûôŻ˵Ķ΢Цָǰǰ棬ʱܽ롣
ַĿˮ⣬һƬ貵ǿ磬岼ˣڹȻ֮Ƭ˵ĸоͬһ޴֣ٹ룬̲޾ء
λ֮פڵǣϣ˴˿ԺϾ֮ǰĽףգ壬ǳһһ룬ǶǸΪս
ڶؿ鲢飬ǡǻ۵Ŀ顣
Ŀ칫칫ڵ㡣
ǰʵϡ俹ȻЦˡԷֱԣڡӦǾô
ϹЦ俹ԲӣܹδǾ֣ɺʵĽǣҪлڶʳѣΨһ𷽲пܡ
俹򴽲δ˵ʶĿַ壬칫ˣȴĳһ㶣Ҳַ壬бɻ
ַƬ̣Ů˵Ƚȥ
δŮַѿ粽ǰϣʱ𡭡



1120 Թ
ʿǣӭڶؿ飬Թ
жʮСʱʱ޷߳ԹΪ̭ʱʼڶַ˫˸ֱǰĳϣ΢΢һЦ˵ûƭɣ
תͷַŮͷ칫俹漴롣
ͬŮԺ𣬴ʱʽʼ칫俹˼ַǰ貵ǿôҲǰԹ˹ܲƭˡ
ʮСʱ俹ૡ
ӦþǾĹؼˡ칫
ַţѹֳϲһʱȶʮСʱǲںܹҲҪʮСʱϡϺܴ֪Լƺ㡣
ڶؿ飬ȷĻᡣ
ԣλΣĿɨŮַϡǴ֮еģ֮ܲͷΪλַ壬²Ǿʱ
Ȼ칫俹һַۣ塣
ַһЦ飬Ƿǰһ飻ǰԱ˴˶ͬΣǼ۸ߵãַ׬óǰݺһʼЩǸΣܰ
߶һ˶һԴϺĽףǲһϾҲûʲô¡
ܵ˵ڱף˰æ취ûʲô
û⡣칫ȱ̬俹ȻһЦ̬֮νˡ
졣ַдŸл

ৣৣৣৣ
ĵӰͬʱַ֣ĿɨܣһţڡңԶǿ岼ǿգƬûйԴġԹԼޱ޼ʵĺڰ֮С
˵ڣĶ֪
󷱻򡣡칫
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ΪԹʱ޲ҲζŰԹȻмѭ
Էɢȶ˼һۺַ
˸͡
ÿ˶иԲͬ뷨ֱӼۿܻĨɱһЩ뷨
Թַ쐻ɢȥϸӦȻǡʵĵ俴ţʵĴӹɣΪʵ̬ǡޡ
ʱޣԼİ֮һǧ
£ᡣ
ԹȥһзأʵҪ߳Թֻ㡣
һȷԼڵλá
ڶҵڡ
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ȷԼλãԼ˵ѣδ֮߻ӦʴڣԼܸӦõ칫ҲܸӦȷ˵ؿÿһħʿ߱
Թؼ㣬ڡڡѰ֮ϡ
ûзα
ַ˼

δɢ̫ã˺ܿ켯ϡ
˼ȻҪ˼ͬɻȱ˶Դкô
ȷһ뷨ɣ칫ڵ
ܸӦǿİڡ˵ΪؼЩϡ
ַ˲ʱȻ
֮һͰ֮һȻ෴֮⣬֮һҲܹоʵĴڣֻͳӦܾȷ
ܾȷʴڣס߹ÿһλáֱַ˵²ǫõʱа취Խ߳Խá
ʮСʱգۼ
칫˸Ҳܰæ䡣
ȭ˷ܵã
ַ򴽣һ취ǲ֪ƬԹж󣬺ͷֻжʮСʱδҵλãһһ򵥵ķ
칫ͷΪҪģһǰУһѰҰԹ֮ҹɡصķϣ취ҵݾĿܡ
Ϻ俹Ӧ
ַͬ˵ûʱ󣬲ĸʼȽϺã
칫ԥ
૵ı߶ûʲôͬ
ߡ߰ɡ俹ٻһָ
ַһ
㣬ʲôرô칫
俹ûʲôرȻûҵսʱ򶼳ߣһ˵һţεţӦǰľͷ·ϣǰɣ
˳
Ҳе칫ૣ򴽲δ
ϾԼû뷨
ҾáӦһߡַٿؿڣָ칫ȫ෴ķ򣬳ĿͶַָ򶥶ˣ棬ǿзϷ岼ǳɣ
ɣϵɴ۾
칫ʱǷӦ˸˼
俹治ѡ



1121 ռ
ʲôɣһͷˮ
Ǻǳɢ״йô俹
칫촽Ӧܵɡ
ַ칫аޣΪһĬŮӣʶƼȴƶϳؼ칫൱Ĵδθڣֱַ˵⵱һƬϵôͼˡ
ϵһУԽмԽǿԽǿǳԽࡣ
ȻˣַһЦ˵ֻҪǳ赽ܶУʮ֮˾űҵڡ
棿俹⡣
ô򵥣
ַһЦδ̫ࡣ
Ƽ򵥣ǱȽѵģһȷԼλãϵ岼˵ָ򣬵ȴǴŷ򣬱Ͼ̫ܿ٣Ϊͼȫϸġ
˴巽ԼаڶʮСʱͨġ
ͷֹӴ·칫Ц
ַţϸϸ۲º̡ܿ
Щַԣ칫俹ַмӣҲΨǱһԡ
Ҳûѡ

ಣಣ
ַһ߹۲졮աһ߼ۣǡVΣǡZΣϵı÷λӸտʼϹӹӣַյϣֱ·ߵĿʼ
ûַԽӿ϶
һСʱļۣǿǳľѼСһ㣬ܼ
Լƶûд

Ҫӿٶˡַɫ
ڵٶ֪򣬶ʮСʱҲܵܵĵ㣬ҲǳڡϷġָ·ʶԲ·ӿٶƫ뷽ĿܣֻҪܼʱС
á칫俹Ӧ
ֵܣаͨڶؿ飿ϻе㽫Žɡ
˳ɰɡַǫ
ͫ١
ַ˵Цƶգǿҵţ˳ɣѾ൱ļʡĵĲֹǳϣ칫俹ܽζǽܽؿ飡
ݻ񾳵ǰ
ݣַ˲١
칫ľƽܿҲǼ٣俹ϣ֮УӦһġ˵ʱʱ죬ٿȻԹͻ䣬һ㰵޵Ŀռ̮λ˲λ
~~~
ռ񱻷ֳ棬ֽưѸϴơ
ͻı仯ûԤϵõδӦǰһǲ˵Ӱһɲǣ칫俹֮һռֽƬתãŮҲ롣
ǣ칫ɫ˲䣬ں俹ָɲǣתоϮ
Ҳռתƣ֪η
ؿڼ칫ǰâŤʣٿһǿץסһϤϢԣڻУԴһƬ칫ʶ˲롣
ʶĿ죬ȥҲ졣
ܿ칫ѣʶķӦ̧ͷúַ˫۶ϣȻ칫ѻعӣл㣬ֹӡ
ַǸ˼ֻüץס㣬俹̫Զ
칫ɵ
Ӧû¡ַܣû´ĻӦСģĿռãû̫ɱ
ռã칫һ
ַͷԹӦǷЧͨڰͨгᷢռã϶Сȵ۵Ҳо޴ķŤת
칫ƶǶĵͷÿڣʱҲ㣿
ַţֹ俹ǰҲɢˣһεĿռ÷̫١
칫ҧҵļʴô
ַҡͷһɣߵĿһ俹ڿܾԣҲܡĺԶһ٣ַ˵ֻҪ俹֮ǰķǳܼУпҵڵġ
ϣ˳˳칫
߰ɡַôҪٶȸϵ
š칫Ӧ

١
ַ칫˵Ķгٶɿܶࡣ
ʵ칫ٶȱ俹ͳ϶Ҫ죬ַ·һӽڡÿСʱпռãưͨͰͨ񣬳ʷ籩⣬Ŀռ۵ʵὫƵ̫Զ
ʱ򡭡
ӽλá
Ϊڴۼַǣǿռ
칫ȽȽһЦַǰһСŮˣĴϻ۲Ƕǲȫַָӡʵ֤ӺȷַĶ࣬˽ߴοռãԹλá
ǳˡַǰġ
š칫ϲ



1122 ݻ֮
ৣৣ
ַ칫֣¶һĨϲɫ
Ժ˹ǵڶؿͨĲСʱڵһؿԾ·磬ڵڶؿа˻ʮСʱ֮һδ
δ飬Ѹټ۶ǰ
ݻ񾳣ֻһؿ顣
ֹӣǻǵһô칫ʵ
·ϲû˷̫ʱ䣬㲻ǵһҲӦǵڶַ
칫ףÿСʱһεĿռкܴʾֻҪϸҲܱ򡣡ûַ壬칫ĲǷҵɣͨڶؿҲû⣬ֻʱԶһ㡣
ַͷ
κεı仯ʾ˵ǳֲһռһӿռҵɣҪüСʱʮСʱһԼ칫ռơ
ֻԼ뷨ų߻иݵķ
ֹӡҼˡ칫罿йһĨ΢΢糺졣
ţַԳڵڶؿ֮Уδ칫૵
ûʲô칫ȻЦ߰ɣֹӡ
ã

ؿ飬ҲһؿԽԽ
ַСģԽӽɹԽΣգΧĿռȫ仯û֮ǰ岼ǿոо̤ħߣѪֲĸоϢѹĴ鼰
СˡַɫȻ
š칫ףƳַĪģַҲѾʮ־񣬽ݻ֮ǰδߵһ俹͞sʵ
ڣݻ񾳽һ֮ң
ǰ档ַٶȽŻ쐻޵ĸӦѽߣǰźǰһģһĿ칫ַһǰһܿ㿴ͷڡ
ַһĿεĺڰ֪ͨͨη
ͨǰǴʯдħ֡
ʿǣӭһؿ飬ݻ֮ڡڶַ칫֮һݡ
ĶħȾӢеľӢ޷ݻ񾳣ٻ£Ƕõݻأݻ֮նӦõĽͣ
ѡһŽ룬ݻʻ
סֻ
ַ֮𶯡
˹ԣȻݻ֮вơ͡ڣĿǰʯַ˼
֮·Ƽ֮·ڰ֮·칫߶
ַ˫ʯ̵Щ֡
˾˼˹Щ뷨޷ȷ²ûߵҲżһؿҪΪ֮
ѡֻһΡ
Ƽָһ̬ɣ칫ַ塣
ַͷߵȷƼΪ칫ܷѾܴ˵õǡƼõģǡԴνԴ仯ϵƵþ
칫ţס
ַڵǡ·ζʲô
ֿܡ칫
ַͷҲֿܵĽϡ
һЦ˶˼
Ȼ֮ͬ·Ϸʯһָ·ָ֮ݻʻܡ߽ǡ
˹˵ĽӦþ֮ͨУһֿǡ
֮·ǿķƼ֮·Ƽڰ֮·ڰԴַ˵ֻһֿܣֻ˹˵ĽǱ
ʥءʵǿɱĿƼĿƼڰԴʥԶ챦
칫ס
̫࣬Զ޷֪澿ʲô
ǳ
ߡǽͬһͨЭϣ󡣡칫Ҳĺڰ֮·Ƕڰ֮Դǿ·˵ʺϡ
ܿǵսַ
칫üַжǱȽŵġ
սݻʻʵǵУ롭أǰλʵڶַݻѡħȾӢеľӢֻѡˣһؿѶȿ֪
ħһʱĿƼħǿƼħ屾ַɫ֮·ͿƼ֮·˵ãڰ֮·кܴҩм߼
ûôַ칫
칫һƿмҩڰ֮أǼޡ
ǵϵȻ칫ѽԴǽӵļԴǽֻغڰ֮
칫ӣ
ٿء
ˡַ֮һתͷ󷽡



1123 ƫ
壡
أе4нĽ׵ĳǿߡַԶسɴ磬ǰ壬ɫƽײɺϣҲ㲻̫ɺϡ
壬˵Ĵʼˣɫʵǿߡ
һ˫ȫۣƽڶؿܶ˵ʲô£ֻʱ⡣
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칫൱Ĵ
˵Ӵµ˫˸̨¡
칫Ȼ鴫嵭ȻЦзȡ
л칫΢ЦӦָʲôƽڶؿַ壬·ͷ֮νȥ̼壬Թ
δַ̫ͣãַг𣬵ʱ˽ᡣһػĹؼ֮£ν˷ʱ䣬һԶҲģȴνһ
ڶݻʽݻйػһɱַ塣
Ŀܣֻǽַ塮̭ѡ
ûκ塣
칫оһ·ٿʵǵ֪ؿĹ
칫ҡͷ
ЦЦָ֮·Ҵ
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òҲ֪ڰʾ㡣ַ˵
ʾң칫һ㶣ٿ׹ַԣһ̱ѡ֮·Ϊȷ˺ܴʾ칫ΪҲ֮·ô룬ֵô
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·Ĵڣ缦ߣûá
壬Ĳǰ֮
˵ѡ֮˵֮ѡ
ֻһ·
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Ϊʲô칫⡣
ַ䲻ڣƼʵкܶͨƼҪĹؼһǾ߱
ʲô칫⡣
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ƼҪǻȥ죬ȥʹáַ칫δӴƼտʼֻѣǻۺ߽֮ܿڰ֮ˡֱԣʵǱȲߵġ
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룬ǰ̡
ַ칫Ƽ֮·ͬҲ˾ڵ֮·Լ϶ѡгԹľִͬһ·ϣ裬ԼʵȻԺ忹⡣
Լ壬ûҪʱӲӲǿ⡣
ʣ¾ֻпƼ֮·ͺڰ֮·һ
ӡ
ѡƼ֮·칫ܻﻥһ취ͬˡ
ڰ֮·ʵҲַ尵⣬칫ܲ󣬵ԼһԼİ֮Դδޣкܴռ䣬ֻǰ֮ԴʥҲǿս
бס
Լ칫ģħڰ֮ԴӦġ
ַۣ峤һ
ӱģʵԼС
ѡƼ֮·ڵͷյ棬ѡڰ֮·ڸ߷յͶ룬ǧ칫ڿƼ֮·Ϊһֱսѣһȹؿɽٺò
ַȻһЦͫ
칫߹·Ƽ֮·
ǰ貹룬翪һͨĴţַֻһ㽫УͻȻͣ½Ųɴͫ뵽ʲôͷ亹䣬ؿ
ˡַͨĿ䡣



1124 ڰ֮
ַӿƼ֮·ͨ˳
ѸɨͨȻʧЦͨ̫ɺϡݻ񾳵Ľ־ѡħȵľӢǿߣһһصĹؿȻǵһѰʵǿߣǡ
гɵĿܡַ尵⡣
һֻͨһݻʻֻ˵ֻһߡ
ԼƼ֮·ʱ칫֮ǽңά衣ȻֻһֿܣԼȥԣΪԼ˵ڰ֮·ñȿƼ֮·
һֻͨһߵĻ¡ɱַĿԡ
Ҳĺڰ֮·
Լһ²ѡһ·Ψ·ͬǡ
ڰ֮·ӦûԼϡ

~~
·һȵ֮ţַ粽롣
Ũĺڰ֮ͨĳ̤вúڰ֮УͨԸһȶħĽţɫâ˸棬һ޴Ĺֲ֦
ӭڰ֮·ʿ
㽫õݻʵĽͣΪһڰ֮·ʿ㽫ڰ֮ŵƿȨѺڰսڰսͨͷսݻʻ
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ڰսַһգĿ⾼Ȼ
ڰ֮ŵƿȨ
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ͨǰУһ˹ܵѶϢһ߹۲һڰ֮šνĺڰ֮źԾɫ󣬿иʽħĽš
κѶϢʾ쐻޷͸ŸӦߡ
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Ҫͨ飬ؼӦþںڰ֮С
ΨһĲ𣬾Щħ񡣡ַ尵ݣжħǲͬһ·Լħͬģͬĺڰ֮ţܿҲͬ
ʱҵĹɣֻһ
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ڰ֮Ÿٵַ建ߵͨͷһ޴ڣĺɫ˸ͨȫԼܸо̲صǿϢһڰֵӰ
ݻʻ
ҲǺǶսأǰλǿߡַ
һڣݻʻԼĸоԶĽ׸ǿħ֮ʣȻڣֻǻѹ൱¡Ҫսһװ쵽£Լлᡣ
ݻʻʵǿĽף壬ǳֱӾͨ
ԽǿԽáַսڡ
ԼһؿѶȸߣΪҶһܻݻʻζԼսᵽһֲľءԽıƻħǲĪ
~
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δ̫Զھͨͷһǰֱͣħ߱ͨȻûҲν˷ʱ䣬ڰ֮ŵʲôһԱ֪
밴սŵĺö࣬ԽԽͷԽ
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ַ崥ڰ֮ţԥȻȴһεԼ֮⣬ǿ䡣ַа֮Դӿ֣δб仯ڰ֮žһ㡣
ˡַȻ
ÿһ˶ֱӽ룬ƿȨ̸
йâһַȡڰս̺ͺڰ֮һޣᴥǺɫ󣬹ȻǼڰսϷ仯ɫâݻ֮ܽ⣬ֳڰ֮ħģ
ޱ档
ַ֮䣬δڰ֮ţȴڰս롣
ৣ~
ַĽ룬ڰ֮ʱرգٴ֡

Ǻڰ֮šַɨܡ
һķ䣬һǧƽһĿȻΧŸʽħǿߣǳϤΪںڰ֮ĽѾģ
ŨħϢ֮Դ
ɫâڷ룬Ⱥǵ׺һ£ַ˫һ֮ᶯ
ޣַ¶ϲɫ



1125 ħ
ԣһϵʥ
ڷ룬ĴΧһнѷɫһͷΪ⣬м޳罣ʥ޳ġмѿϸѷ·һͷΪɫһͷΪɫ
Ǳַ߽
Լδ˹ŹֵıԳҲ
ǿϢ
Ӧǳʥ
ַһЦ
һץסϵʥʱо̲صӿ֮Ͱǲͬϵʥħɱ¾Ϣһ֪Ǵʥ
Լ£ȱʥ
һͣ賤µ򣬼ܽ200%300%ӳԼ㹻ʵȶħʣξѵѪǱȫԴǽļ򱶰ģذ֮ΪѾѹ󲿷ǿߡ
ȱģǽӳļɣ
~ַ˲Ϣϡ
ʥϢӡԺַ˫ͫ˸
ħ
ɫһΪħɫһΪħڼ
԰ܱ֮䣬ħһǰ⣬ħڼȶǰ⣬ǿΪ˫ӣȫǰ⡣ַ֮ݣذԳħħɱΡ
֮ڹͱ仯
͹֮һ֮ڸ۹ѷɫǰ֮ռ㷺һǿоаʴڣܻ֮
ǰ⣬Ψذ֮Ϊܡ
һʱħȣǼԴ֮Ϊ޾ӦأءַĵӦþĬǿ޷ϵĹؼ
Ĭ࣬ǿֻΪ
ԲУԴǽ̫͡
ħֲõڶħڼҵսսһݻʻԶԣַǴԸӦ֪ݻʻʵжǿ
ħַʮ⡣
ֻݻʽ磬кıݻȻѣϵĿƼħ˵ڵıʲô
ĵڰ֮šַ˫⡣
Ȼ֮ĺڰ֮δôõɿ˸ͷ

~
ַӺڰ̤֮еĺڰսһöѺöȻͬϷݻ֮Ϊ˶ħģԿ׿ģѾ˱ʶ
һöڰսӦһڰ֮š
Ҳ˵öڰսͻʧȥڰ֮ŵƿȨ
ַԼһڰ֮ţħ񣺡ٵڰ֮ţڰ֮ŵĶħǶһ޶ġԼȻǴ˵ٵ䡣
ʥһ㶼Ƕһ޶ġ
ҲԣʽʥͻظħȵĿƼӦò졣
ַ漴
Լ뷨ȥϵĿƼеѡ
ظģҲδزáַؼʲʺԼܲãһʥħ˵ԼԶ챦
õõҪġ
ظһãǾԼҪҵڶ
λᣬڶξһظؼġַۣԺиֳһħٵһѸٵɸѡųһŶħ޳ֻܿʣΨһһ
ŶħֹĴΣĵڰ֮šַ˲ʱƶ
ŶħĸλãԼһڰ֮бظģ˵ʮΣʮζУҲбظٵģΣΣǱȱȽǣ̫಻ã̫١Ҳá
ֹĴΣպмƫ١
ž
ַܿͣ䣬л̤ǰڹĺڰ֮ţֹֻͨĴεġ
ʲô
~һöڰս仯ַ漴룬ƿصڶڰ֮šһڰ֮ź͵һֲͬһϢŨµİʸ䣬һ˿ûС
ַ岻ûκʧ˷ܲѡ
ʣİʣַϲʤѸٲ鿴˲ϢȶѸաʣڵıԴֱ֮֮Ϊ
Ӹ
֮ӦʵȽףҪǡ
֮Ϊ
ҵĲַЦʺڰ֮ţӵ˴İʣʹԼʵȽ֮Ϊӣ͵һڰ֮еħʮ䡣
أ
ﵽذ֮ԽĬǿߣ
ַġ
ڰ֮еİʲ֮⣬һģһģԼһܽΪɱ䣡



1126 һ̿
~~~
ַŰʣİԶȅһࡣ
Ұ򱶡ַѸٵգ˫£ǱȫĵɱѪ򱶰ģ԰ʵ羨֮
鼰ȫȫ
ǿʵȽףֱȡǡ
֮
ǰַ֮ڰʵ֮У֮ϸĩƬһһӡԺֱ͸̵꣬ļӡĸӦ
֮ľ磬
պܿ졣
ȅһʱ졣
~һʱ䣬ַ㽫ڰ֮еİһգ˫΢΢һ㡣İѾ㹻࣬صزס
ʵϣû㹻ǿĸӦԣһӶصضѣ80%ǿ߶ֻǶΪ
һöڰսκڰ֮ŵĽᡣַ̤صİ֮Լ֮һööڰս

ಣ
ַ弲磬ڰ֮տҲû˺
ڶؿõƣڵؿȫͷţѰҺ͵ڶڰ֮һģһĶħַܿҵ̲طḻʵĺڰܹ֮ĵʮֳԣ
ৣ編ƣַڰ֮š
Ӱʧʶ̤һռ䣬˲ϢŨİʸоַһĨЦݡ
Լµû
͵ڶڰ֮ŵİʴ൱ַɨ䣬ٴȷһĿȻ漴ȶʼա
һ죬ֱذ̡֮

Թ

һںڰеӰ֣죬ɱԣأеھţʵǿĶ̿͡աɺͷذף仮
أھţ
öˣǣžš
֮УĽף˭Ҳ


ڰ֮
ৣս룬â
ǵڶġ
ǰöڰս룬ɱ⺮׵ݻʻǰҪɱһɱŹղں˭Ĭǲ
һʯ˭ң˭

ʺڰ֮š
~һ㰵Ҳգַüͷһš

֮ͣڵأػһ㣬촽ַٽһʺڰ֮Լо԰նأȴЩ˷ѡ
ڰ֮ţֻʣ
һʱȽĵڰַ֮ܿһ漴̤ڰ֮ţʶ˲ϢתƳ֣ڰ֮·Ϥĸо֣
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ַ֮һݣĪļһ
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İ֮
ڰеĶߣɭſ޼᲻ݵİɫâ˲㽫ҫʹݻ٣ַ徱žѿɫХ쐻޼ޱֱӺ
䣡
ַ֮巴ӦѸ䡣
Ȼȴ·ײͭǽڣһַƺߵˣ͵ϮĶȻҲʼδıɱ˸ģַѪղʱ
Ťǽ磡ַס档
ռŤ仯ַ˲ϢӦԷĴڣһźӰŨ֮Ϣɱ¾֮⣬ÿ֪˭
һַ̿͡尵ݡ
ԼԹ޼յ͵Ϯվ޿ɺǣߡ
ôһ֣ܺá
ݣӰȣŤǽƽأʱַ岻ŭЦüһֵĵˣڵַͫѪ찵ħ֮ħаػһֱӺ
¡
֮ױȣȴһգӰ˲ƣ֮쾡¡ȣ仯޴׽ʱַһܡ
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ȻղᱻŤǽޣʧȥãԼȻǽƿߡ
գַԼ̡֮֮
̩ɽѹǺ¡ѹ£ںΪѹĹΧһĽռ䡣ǿٹȣܽƻ⡭
~~
ַͫһԼ˲Ҳչҡĺܿ졣ռ׶Ťǽ磬ƽ֮ͬİַ֮ΪԶա
ѹʱŤǽ֮ϣıƻֱӵ°ѹʧЧ
ַʱһ̿͵ʵ



1127 
ͬģǼա
˫ɱʢδһڰ֮Ļַ壬һûСӣû뵽ַʵǿȵز͵Ϯסƣŷ
Ľһ˫ꡣհǼɵûʲôַղŵĻ֮ɲСӰ졣ȻַͷŰǵĻᣬΪĬǿĴ̿ͣóǰջᡣ
ղôõ͵Ϯᣬƽʧ֡
ջָ̬˫ذۺɫâ̲ؼ°֮ԴĬǿĶҺ
սȫ


ַսˣսȫļձʵǿ٣棬ŤǽıΣڵΪ޻þܻܼա
һ־ǿ󵽼Ķ̿͡
Ҫܼգס
ִַڵ֮Դӿܰⲻգӵ򱶰ģڰ֮ԴоԵѹƣħаػһδεĹַ彫ѹΪڵ֮С
գǸѵõĶ֡
ܱƳԼǱܣħаػľַ򣬵ħаڶػδܷ100%ƾӿİ֮ԴַӲǺͼնѷѽ⡣
ʼơ
~~~Ũڰͷţַ彥оأڰ֮ϵҪǿĶ࣬Կڰս֮ϣۼǿãոıս
áַ廯Ϊء
йâɫɢ
û˱ػڣϵȻǿҲǲף֮й֮޲Ψһõһǡ
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һδεĽ棬һδεĥյԣǴ̿͵һУǳ־սȻ¾սձ˭νʡʵ󻯣
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ݣڹ֣շһͷԱǵȴչɱɱ⾡¶оԵһٳܣÿһδɱڰɱѱ١
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ǱԴ⣬ɱ¾
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ֱ棬Ϊյذ̫죬˲ɱġǷֵ˷ĹַƫƫǣĿа֮Դװӿ
䣡䣡䣡
𶯣ַȫǧ۵ļޡ
ԹԹ
ַ彣ƫ棬ȴоԵš
ĹǿգķǼܱȣΪҪأ
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ڣַŰٷְٵΡ
Ȼ
ţַüͷһš쐻޵ĸӦӰȵĺڰġ
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ַ˲ʱӦЦ
ڶùǿķǡǡͷ֮ϣڱ貽âļսӴһ˲䣬ַ尵֮Դ
ͻַ̣Ĺ¡
۵İ֮ԴޣذΪ˿ȼղϰǱ԰120%ľһ֮̽䣬վҲ㲻ˡ
䣡
ַݿĹݻټУ֮Դһö˵ըѣռͻ̴һĨѪڰһ˫ɱɭȻ˫ͫ˲Ϣڹʧ
~ַ˫Ȼ
ͨԶַ峤һ̾ѣһա
Լ벻ǣڸղȾ֮¼ջܽѿǣӳ졣һսԼȻӮˣӮЩңǼգɹ˿أһԶǧѰᡣ
սֶκ;飬̾Ϊֹ
һҪӮͲˡַĵ

ҪӮңҲô׵¡ַ΢΢һЦĿǰĺڰ֮ţϷĶħ͵һڰ֮һֻһұ޷ֺţδԥַ̤С
~~
Ӱʧ

ĵڰ֮š
ѡҲδõģҪһȡĿռ䣬һսյĽսԼҪԣⲻ֮ܽԴӳսиǱöˣ˷ʤ
ֻ£ԼûһǱԴͶǱԴܹȥ͸
ܿģֻʥ
ħַĿ⾼Ȼ
ƿħĵڶħ͵ƿظǿĶǱԴ⣬
һϣҪ
ַսڡ
Ŀ򷿼룬һСĺɫԲۼĿѣ롣
ޣַ˹ȥ



1128 ˮ
һĺˮ
͸ûа覴ãɣʥΪо̲صİ֮Դַܣһεȷϣڰ֮ΨźˮرȻǡ
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ȻûзҲûпܣһͨĺˮ
֡
šַ
Ǻڰ֮ӦúͰ֮벻ϵ
˼ַĿһ֮ԴѸӿֱ䡯ˮʱ翪һȴţˮޱâַʶˮУ˱һǿ롣
ৣ
Դһ£ַֻԼһ޵磬оٱ䣬塣

ʶҡ塯ڶ
ȷʵڶ
ɡַĿԼۼױ鲼ֱۣӿݵī̼ħǿߡȫµһĿȻƿأʱ֮ԴʩչŰ⡣
ǰ⣬
Ժֳ֮⣬ǰ֮Сڰ֮һ⡣ľԼĿǰ塯Ϊ׼һ鲻ʩչַܡ
Ӷ֮Դٵÿһϸڣӡġ
ⲻ侳ȫԼʩչ
ַʱȫȻǰ⣬ħȵĿƼ֣ȿƼֱ˼ħȲóİˮ̫ɫȫĵĳС
һ飬һʩչ
ļ䣬Եļ䣬֮Դļ䣬ַ˲ľ衣ʩչӡ󣬸ʵսҪѾܷ100%

ʮСʱ
~
ַͫ˫ȽޱߺڰָƬһͷͷӵصѪצеĵµǵһʵַûгΪڰˮʩչ˼ٱ顣
򣬾ô򵥡ַЦԷǡ
֮ǰԼΪһǰķѼľ춼þѾһǰ⣬ҪǿĶࡣ
ʵͿƼδһǶศɻŸ°빦ַʩչ
ǰ⡣
ΨصΪܷȫַа֮Ϊأ׾١
ǸոպáַһЦ
Ǻڰ֮⣬ԼҲ޷
ֽ׶ΰԱȲʥϾʥ۰ǷܷȫʥҲȫⷽʵռĲ󣬵ʥеơ
ȣǶģҲ˵Դκ
ΣűԴܹ֮Ϊصĺڰ֮Ϊܷ100%صĺڰ֮Ϊܷڵһʥġ
ʥһƽߣ޺ޣħܹһħصΪܷ100%ΪȻǣҲˡ
ΪħͷҪͨħħĳ޶ȵġ
ŵ㣬̸ӡ
ַ˵
һ⣬û


~Ťİǽ𣬺ͬʱʧ
ܺãַץסǡ
İŤǽϣӳһһڶͬΪӡǱʵַ岢ΪµԼսݻʻ
ϼգԼܿܰ
еڰ֮šַ尵⣬ֻʣһΨǽãڰ֮ŵĹԼֻҵΨһһûʲô⡣һڰ֮ŵãд
Լİ֮ؽһ֮ңףȥڰ֮ţЩ˷ѡ
žַȡмҩ
ǴӅĽʱʹˣ˲ʱʳǣŨ籾ԴİѸֱ֮㣬һƿҩ֮ܽȫһңȻǶΪһɡ
мҩܽΪ
һɣ
~~Ũ壬Ѹգַڣۣ֮صľΪʵȻ
~~
ҩЧӷ
ϵգַȴɱ䡣
ͫԾڰ֮ŵĽϣÿһڰ֮ŵװμһģһͼڰ̻һͷͷֲħǿߡĳգмҩҩЧһַ˫ȴ
ƺʲô
ٿء
~ζͨƵģַֻ֮Դ˲ɱ䣬Ӧһ㣬֮һ¥о֮ľУԴࡣ
Ŀڰ֮ŵĽڣַ徫˸
ˡ



1129 Զ
ϣһħǿߡ
ڵһڰ֮ʱַѼȻħ֪Ҳû⣬ֱһڰ֮ʱһϤħסڶڰ֮ǰĶħ
ħ಻ַͬ尵
ԼڵˣȻΪʲôߵ֣֮Ĭǲͬﲻֹħиߵͣеλȼؼ֡Ѫ
ѪԽǿħ壬λԽߣǡ
ħ壬ǿĴԶħ壬ʮԪħ壬һԭʼħ壬ǣһʱкܴҲˡַϸۿڻĴڣ԰ټƵħס
ҵˡַܿѰһڰ֮ŵħ
Ŀƣɲ֮һħ壬ڰ֮ŵħ
ৣ
ַ徫ϸ۲졣
ҵĽʵعɣɼǽϷħǿ٣Խ·Խ࣬ͺ񡭡
졣ַͷ
ԼĲ²ĻѪħǿλڽˣܻħ֮Уħ֮¡
ʵħ尴ַʽС
Ҳһ
ַѸжϡ
ٱȶԼĵڰ֮ţ಻ͬħǿߣеһڰ֮ŵħǿλߣڶڰ֮ŵħ崦мƫλãڰ֮ŵħλм䡣
кܴܡַ϶²⡣
ۺڰ֮ŵļֵУһڰ֮еĳʥħǼֵߵġ
ܼ򵥣ѪԽǿħ壬ζڰ֮żֵԽߡ
һֹԶɡ
~ַ̧ͷ˲ϢסϷ
к͵һڰ֮ħǿڲһߵģʮħǿߣλ֮ϵġ
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ַֻЦЦ
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ؼá
ǰĵڰ֮Ŵףڰ֮ſԲһˡַõδãһô֪ʱòˣԼҲԿ
ԼѾĵڰ֮ţռݾơ

ַ岢δ뿪ĵڰ֮š
żòơáѡõıù⡣ԼҲΪǰĵڰ֮ŵľ飬Ʋܣս˭Щڻ
ߣ֮õĺڰս϶ûԼࡣ
ħַȡʥͬǳʥи֮𣬺ȻħȵħҪȰǸǿרһĹܴﵽħܴﵽĶ壬硭
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ǰǣܽħӳ
ֻܷӳڶʵͰ󣬶Ҫӵһ
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ĬǣҲֻСַоȵİԼںһƣǳƣκһǿߣصİ֮ѹġ
ڵĹؼνذ֮ӳ
ǱԴ⡣ַ尵
ߣħ

߳߳
һⲻ˸Ӱء
ַһħʱ룺ٵӰΪСɣǧӰΪɣӰΪ򡣡ַۣšüͷϸ˼⼸
ƾذ֮ΪַһѾħУһ£һ¡
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ӰһΪΪģ˲Ϣķɢ
գۼ䣬ѹǧ
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ַһһʩչħڶ
Ҫ

򲻸ˣַ岻ϰ֮£ʱܿħ
ͣ㣬оŨ֮ʱַ漴ϰħڶħڼѾǿشεĹذΪǰ⡣
ħڡá֮һ
ħڼľ裬ȴڡ䡯֮һ;
ַ岢δѶãվϡ
ħػӰʧˣӶʹжϴħڼǽӼУȥνԴģԱ仯֣ö޴ĥ
ʵڱϣ߹һġ
ħڼǿһЩ
ʵܼ򵥣ħػӰУ仯Գɡַģйһ飬һ°빦ȻûַվϣѸħڼ
£ؿչ¡
ַ͸¶˷ܡ
ħĵһ͵ڶֻ棬ڵ֮ϡ
ħ˫



1130 ڰ֮
ħ˫ǰ⡣
ذʱԴ֮ʩչԿԳƵϴɱǰǾ״̬µʩչδؼϵڶħڼϾȫ
һħ͵ڶħڼ֮ڶ̶ʱգһʰѭ򽥽صİ֮һǺͶǰ°빦¡
ħ˫ȴǻʵǰ⡣
~ַҡҡͷķʱǿܲٿħ˫Ҫʮ֮£ǰĸӳ̶ԶһǺͶǰȣǵС
ʱһߡ
ַվ塣
ħ˫ʱܽУϾǵؿ飬ʱ䱦󣬺ڰ֮·ֻԼһˣǼձâ̱ҲѸսҪݻʻ
ƿصڰ֮ţȻ󡭡
սһ¡
ַ

ৣ
ַӰ̤ڰ֮š
ȫŨİ֮Դػ籬ըһ㼴ԹַԼĻ뵽ͨ󣬺Լһ涼ûںڰ֮
Ĵ̿ͣǿ
ƿصĺڰ֮ţֻڵĺڰ֮šӦЩر𡣡һƵĺڰ֮ʵɣԼܷ֣ߵȻҲܷ֣ɱִ̿ͣǵĹ۲Զʤһߡ
Ӧڿްɡ
ַ΢΢һЦ
ܱд̣ʵԹ֮ģЩͣΪԼҲѪ¥
ڰ֮ţַĿ棬ܿ֡
ʵܼ򵥣ԱԼƿصĺڰ֮źڰ֮ţ֣Լƿصĺڰ֮ţħģɫâУûƿصĺڰ֮ţһźɫ
ߵȼĺڰ֮ˡַδ飬Ӱ漴ʧ

һ
ڰ֮·ַǺϤμŶħףһ˳ҵߵȼĺڰ֮ţһڰ֮źɫậȻˡ
ʮ֮˾Ǽաַ岢ں
ڰ֮ţδи֪ʲôҲѡ
ԼҲǣѡһ
ڰ֮ȥԼֻĵڰַ֮
ԼĶֻһǾǼգ߲δڰֻ֮ߡ
Ѿ̭
ץʱˡַԼδشաͨһؿĹؼֻһǾʵǿʵսԼͼղಮ٣սֶʤһ
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һƬžĺڰַ˫Ѹһɨܿ䶨롣
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ʱڹصĺɫΧȻͬƬڰ
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ҵƲȻЩҩ򵥣롭ʤмҩַϸ۲죬ھУ̨䶼ɨ飬Լͷ۵ǡźɫҩֶûУ˵ҩЧ
ʲôã
ַɣ漴ԷϾ֮࣬ȥһҲۡ
һǺöַɫҩһֱ¡
ҩڼɫҩ̲صʱը㡮䡯ըѿַɴ۾ѡɲ֮ԼѪҺ·ȼգȫϸԾ
Ĺâ貣ԴǽʱŨ֮Դ
䣡~
Ƶİ֮Դַ֮ȻԺиֳ𰸣˷ܾϲѹɫҩԭǿսĳҩδʩչ⣬Լҿ϶
ԼսǱ

ʹɫҩȫù籩
ַЦһͫһ˲һöڰսԥֱ顣ɲǼڰսŨâַȫһʧ
ַ壬սݻʻ



1131 ݻʻ
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ѪҺڣɫҩҩЧӷַ˫ȭŨİ֮ԴѰ಻ס
ϼգԼаٷְٵİջ
š
~~
紩͸ʱվͷַǰâǵݻ֮ڣһάռеľ޴һ͸ߴľȻһ˫ɫͫ·
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ݻַ岢İ֮ǰ콵ʱΣһεݻʲһװ粻ͬҲûбĲͬǡǰݻڰ˲䱬
գǰռŤתһڰֱϮ
죬仯ǿ
޴ɶ㣬һݻʱ˸
ͻַ̣ػٶҲǼ죬˲ʱʩչԾ˰֮Դƶ򱶰ĵѸٱͻֱֹ̲֮ǰͬǡ

Ҷײַƺһʱˡ
кɫҩܰͻףݻʻǿһʼռѹơַɫѸٱ仯Ϊоǰݻʻʵ
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δռʵȽƣȴȫѹ
ǰ⣬ذ֮ݻʻĹУַжϳʵԼһģһİ֮ͬݻʻʩչȴǰ⣬ʤԼһ
Ǻħͬǵ͵ʥȡΪشΡ
ħǿƼʥȷ̶
ղŹġͻ̡ǰΨһĹħڼ൱ϺɫҩȻ˿ݻʻ״̬£ͻֱ̹ӱɢ
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֮ǰԼҲϣԴﲻϡ
ŤĽռ䣬ޱߺڰַоݻʻڣǽ뵽Թͼվͨƽⲻͬݻʻûκƶֻ˫ſ޾ڰɸоϮ
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Կ񱩵Ťǽ˲ʱ֧飬ɢ˵յƽõɾôݻʻõģǾԵѹơ
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ڶԵʵѹ
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ݻʣħȵĻʣ
䣡
ݻʻ˲Ϣȼ
ַ屾ֻ֧ţٿȻѹһ˺ѷ϶Χ֣ǿɸоϮ˺ѷ϶綾߰仯ˣſѪ֮ڡ
~~~
˺ѷ϶أֻǸտʼɲǼһ𣬱ɾ޴ѷ죬ԱƱһ˲ϣϽϣϵӣֱ
䣡
һĺڶ֣γɣ޴ɱ֣˷Χʬǿɱֵַǿ֮ĩܿ졭
~~
һӰʧƬݻ֮ڡ

ͨͷ
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ַʶ͵һ壬˾ͺƱɰĵԺԲݻʻղǿֲһУ˫أǰ޴ı赲ǰϡܸоݻʻϢ
Լǰܱ
̫ǿˡַûκξ⣬˷ܺ塣
ԽǿĶ֣ܱƳԽǿԼ
ݻʻǿԤ֮Уֻû뵽ǿȳ̶ȡ
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ĴλᡣַĿ⾼



1132 θֵ
ޣַ֮ܡ
Լڵλͨͷݻ֮ڽһǽ֮ԼϤոսͨʱ֮ھλĵطѡ˵һڰ֮š
սʧܣﱻַ߳尵ૡ
ʱȻžҩЧַӰһ漴Եһڰ֮š
ԱߣǺܷ㡣


ⰵ֮ƣַʱʱϸϸҩЧ
ǿսûκθáַ꣬ȻħȳƷҩʵ͵úܴ󣬶ʵǿ죬ħ˵Լڵʵֺγʵͣ
ģǿ֮ӦΪַ尵ݡ
ºɫҩҩЧδ۷壬˷ѡ
~~
ַʶĳʱ밵֮Դ
޾֮Ԫذַһʥħİ⣬ͷʼ򣬴¿ʼ򣬶µ顣ɫҩıԴͺһȪʱʶ°빦
ʣÿÿɲǼڻͨ
һ·ǰַջ񲻷ơ
ħİ⣬ǽʥγɵģϸ˵һ֡ϳɡİ⣬Ƕģħ˫ƿ״̬֮ʱַһ·򣬴һµĽǶȡ
úͱ䣬ֱָʴ
侫䲻ڣɰʵġޡʼܱ䡭
ַܿ״̬
ĺɫҩҩЧһ̲ӣδܻݻʻȴһ

һڰ֮š
һӰ˫Ѫ죬ǲٿһħ̬ʥޱȵרעǼաַ²ģսݻʻܿ죬ǰˮĴεսԲ˷ѡ
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ַһݻʻ⾪˵һ֮¡
ոóͻϮսһһľսҲַ壬ֻǱڶݻʻԲһȡ
һء
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սҧء
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ˡ
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ħħڼַһЦ

ûݻʻһսԼҲ벻
Ľ൱ǿǲ֮ͬˣħħڼ֮ͬϵʵǰ⣬ƾʥ֮ȴܵ
ֻħ˫ʥĽϡַ⡣
ҲϣϾһĹȥ߿

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ħħȵĿƼʥͰǲͬǹ̶ģһħֻܳܶذ֮ڶħڼֻܳذ֮
˵ʥӣذ֮ܡ

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ڡַ
ݻʻԴڣ֤ղδɹ
忪ĻᡣַвậһƴűƳԼһµ򿰳Ƽ΢΢һЦַ׼غڰ֮żٿء
ţַüͷһȵݻ֮ڡ
ʱݻ֮ڱĲһ漱ܲͨݻʻϢǼٵǿٲȻʲô
Ǽաַ˲ס
սҲǻԵɺϡ
ݻ֮ڣȻԺз·ֳܸǷ棬ݻʻĹ׾յĹ簵Ӱ̿ͣĴѰᣬڰ֮£ڸս
ӦѾһաַĵ
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Լٲץڰֻ֮»ᱻսȵǡ

ײϣùַڵâǴϣ֮Դӿսڣս׼֮֮
ϴα͵ϮΡֵˡַ΢΢һЦ



1133 ޵еĵ
սʧܣӰս
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ᣬҲǼþ
ַ岻ʴȣΪ֮ǰͬô
ˡоϢĲһӰǱ˳ַ嶥˲ʱϵĳڵһսսʱδʩչľУһΡ
֣
䣡~
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ʵѱ档
ܱ֮ʱ־Ǳ
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Ȼַͷڽҫ¶һĨЦݡ

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ڶʲôûʱơ
սᣬȥһΡ

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ʵǺǿռݾƣ
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ħ˫ɣٴսַİٱ

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򹥣أԼʵû취
ʩչǿħ˫Ȼݻʻǰ֮¡
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ֲ̫֮ӲܽҺַ򱶰ģסݻʻ׵Ҳֵ֮Ȼġ
Ըλ֮ûǡ
ΨһĻᣬԹԹ
ҵķ̫̫ܽȫڶжʩչʤʹˡַ֮ͷٴλص֮ǱĿޡ
ÿһսԽ
ħ˫ȷƣܺݻʻǿһӲƴ֤
ҪݻʻܣͲͬҵᣬݻʻƾħ˫ȫһ¡

һºַٴչս
εս׼йǰξȻѣǱƳݻʻǿƵ᧿ΣȻջʵѷһ
ҵĹǿ
㹻ǿĹѸײڶ֮٣ݻʻڱǰɱ
սַȷ
Ӳݻʻֲе߸ûУԼҲֹҲܣһǿ̫¡Ψһİ취̥Уڱǰнⳡս
ô죡ַŰսȻ



1134 ̻һ
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Ĵսỹʧܣϼ꣬ҲҪȷλ100%Ĺء
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ڶΪ֮ʽսȵȣħó֮޺ͬǣ߻֮·֮
Ϊ֮־ǣ쐻޽С
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ħаػͰͻںһǲơַ
ħаػͰħ֮ںϰͻ̾൱ڰħ֮֮֮ؽϣȻǿ󣬵ԽǿҪںԽѡ
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ܸսʱһƬԺͷԡ
칫Ŵϻ۵ͷԣѧϰ˽⣬͸Ƽ֮·أѻʵҪǣƼ֮·֮⣬޵ڶ˽롣
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л㣬ֹӡ칫ĸмģûַ˵ݻʽ磬ͨ£ݻֻһ֮ң


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1135 
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ֱַӽ룬ɲǼһ飬Դʯеİʱ˷ܣ·סǰһ޽âľ޽ܽ춼
Ѿ޽ݻʱõһѣ
Զ챦֮һ
Ȼַ
ϣ콵ʱԼѲµһεݻʮ֮˾źԶ챦йء

ԡַüͷһء
֮ǰԼͷųӦӦһԶ챦Ĵڣѱϣڡ
һ
Զ챦һΪѹĬ֮Сַ尵ݣأ۵Բƭˣ޽ҲԶ챦ĻôԶ챦ȫĬһأ
˫ַ屳Щ
кܶ࣬һֶãһ
޽ڣԶ챦ȫַ˫ȭԾս
ζʲô
֪ʲôʱĬķӡѱ⿪µĬǾͺƹѺ޵⿪ӡĬǿѹ뿪Ĭǣ
Ӧûû뿪ַ
뿪ϢᴫǴϢסһĬǿ㳲̫ϵưԣ뵽ַвëֱ
ԣڵĬ硭ֻһճǼơַܿ˼
˵Ӱ
ĬȥĬǶ֪ǴﵽϵȻȥֻ·һԾ·ӡʧȥãһʱ̼û˽Ĭ硣

˶ãܼʮ꣬꣬Ҳܼ¡
ַɫЩס



1136 
ãַƽ
ΪĬƲ̫ˣһܱ֣ĩս٣Լһ֮޷赲Ĭǿߣֹ壬ħ壬Ĭǵ࡭ǵˡ
һǿߣԶȴµĶࡣ
ɶ㣬Ĭǿһȳɢô㣿
̫ϵݡ
侲ַ
أԣԶ챦ʮޣ磬Ĭ磬޽ʶԶ챦ҵסоųɿʮ޵Զ챦ųĬԶ챦Ŀܡ
ַüͷš
Զ챦ӵߣԲǴĬõԶ챦ַĬãĬӡϢѴ䶯
ԣֻҪײ¶Զ챦Զȱһ˻Ĭķӡ
ַĻһ֡
Զ챦ĳֺΪ˶ԿħǣϾأ·ӡΪĲǱ򣬶ǱĬ࣬ħǳɳͻϵӡƣԶ챦ͬʧȥá
ˣ뼯Զ챦ħһƴס
ʧܣĬû˷ӡĬǣϣѪӡ
εħĺַ尵Ƴأµһŵƣγ֮֡Լ˵ѡ¾޽Զ챦ȻͨӦҵԶ챦֮

պܴ󡣡ַ漣԰ڱضأ۵ժǣԼɹ뼯Զ챦ı¶ĬķӡѾ
ַɫء
Ϊһߣϲðգ׷սʹ̼
Ϊ࣬һӣԸ⽫սԼս֮ϣΪһʧܡ޷ܵġ˫ַ˳
Ⲣһѵľ
Լѡ
ӦǵһߣѡһַԼǱ޽ҲûãԼͲýģ确͡ߣħɱ
ֻҪԼβסף˭Ҳ벻ĬķӡѾˡ
ϾĬ⣬ʵϵǿɣҵԶ챦Ҳȥ

Ҳ̫áַ尵ݡ
ù࣬һħǺճؽ߸ĬǸ֡
¾΢ʱǽա
ЩҲûáַɫ֮ţ˫˸˸Լ˵ҪľǡʵֻҪ㹻ʵͻϵĬǷӡ
ԼȻƾսػ

޽ĳ
һϵĺڰʥħͷ­һǹŹֵˮ֮סַ֪ѡһԼʵİʤ޽ҲԼ޽һԭ
£ԼҪ㹻ǿսȼü֮
ħǲĬѣͬǵѣһԼĬŹͬĿꡣ
ৣ
ַһɫ֮š
һʱ¼еʱúѡǰĶħͷ­һ˫նǺâŨİϢܸһ֮㤿ֲĸо
ַ֮ͨ°֮輫ѡ
ڰֺ֮ǡħַ֮尵ݡ
Ǻڰ֮ãòҲᷴħ֮ͲһħаػԼħ֮һ˫нһСľͻ˵Լ־ǿ
ÿˣ־ʱ
ҡ
ϵıԼδá
ٺãʺԼĲҪģʥڵսǱˮ֮ײͬȻȫܷ⣬о䵽ʲôܣԼ٣ѪԴǽɼ
һھ޽Ͷħͷ­ı
սʥǸҲ֡
ʲô롭ûΣԡ
̤
ַӰ˲Ϣڶɫ֮ţ˱ǵˮ֮סԴǽ΢΢٣Ȼܿܺ͡ǻ֮ꡯйء
ˮ֮ףַ˼á
ƣڵԼ˵
Ӧøáַƿˮ֮ףʱ֮¶һıȫˮ֮У˹Ǽ䡮ءһʶ㱼һƶԼƳ
~~
̫飬֮ͨС
ž
ַ屻ǿ˳ʹǰСݻʾݻ֮âһݻ֮жԼ˵ͺǳ̼С
δأʶҸոջع飬ٿȻ䡪
߳
һɭĺڰ綾ſѪֱ˺ҧٶȿ쵽ף



1137 ·
Ǽգ
ÿַ嶼֪˭˵ʵȫûջΪݻ񾳱δعյͼսʱȻͬսֹһȡ
ҡ
ݻʻݻ񾳲Źȥʱ䣬ɫҩ˿ԣڡ
ҩЧľжʱ䡣
ʥȻػ
Ϊʥߣַʵ±͵Ϯ˵ڣ㹻ǿ󡣺ţʥɲǵ˷״̬µİĺܿ㹻֮Դ
ͻַ̣ĹٶȺܿ졣
ǰ˳ֱƼգٿȴһգǰڹһţַ徫âɲǼ䰵Ѽ
Ťǽ磡
Ϊʥǵ¶ţİ֮Դֻ˲ʱʩչͬʱһǰʩչƬһͷͷӵصѪצ
ʥϡ
ৣ
ַӰڽգʧ̹ǵĹ֣ȴһա
ԼյַǺϤŤǽƺⲻ˼գȴΪԼṩһѪצգַӰڵǳʡ
Ϊ
ˣյĴ
ৣৣৣ
ӰٿһΪӦٶ൱֮죬ǱԴ⣬ƾСɱ¾һεʩչһȴ˼ʥ۩ħ죡
Դݻʽ磬ڰ֮ŵı
ЩӣͬţֹݷѾãսһ㡣
Ҫɱַ壡
Ϊ֮̿˴ɱǺεȵĳ裡

̻һɫҩҩַ֣˫Ѫ죬ڵעħ֮ʱХȫںʵ飬ںʥΣΪַš
ԼһУԻܼգ
Ƶ
䣡
Ťǽ綼ݻ٣ۻޱߵײʯײַѹ̩ɽԾݻټգֲĺڰ٣ַǿƥĹ͵ʴס
ˣձϾǼգһĨѪ̻αĹȡ
ӣַ
ܣǼþ糱ˮϮȫ


ַĵֱڼվ
Ѫذ׵ڵϣɫףһ˫Ѫ˫͸¶Ĳʡ
֪Լˡ
ںӱߣܲʪЬΪ̿оֻǡһëͷСУΪʡδںַ壬ݻʽеһսַܻ壬ָ̭֮ѣŭգ޵Ⱥַˡ
ʵȴһͿء
·
ǳ
ֱַӼա
ϧԼʵͼգһʵĬǶģԼһܻҲûкɫҩδӮ
¸£յ˻ƣЦѡ
гƣм
ѡ·ַ嵶һ磬ɲǼƼպܣѪЦ󣬺η꿪ʼɱˣϵôһ죬Ҫɱɱϻ
ַ
Цƾʲôҳ
ʵַ
ղˡ
ԸϣһΡȷʵַС
ৣ
ַһӼշӦٲȻҵߣǿ
һٿһЦɲȻЦȴֹ̧ͣͷַеƿַ彫ʣµĴƿҩ򿪣ɢİ֮Դȫ
ҩֱӰ֮Ϊȫַ֮һ䡣
Ȼɫ˫
ˡ
һޱȿǿߣַԼյжϡԸ߾͸Ͷãڼüԥ֮ʱַһﰵ׳һμɫ䣬︴ӵֱַ塣
ʥǣӦϵáַһЦ
ֻҪͷġ

һöذը£նҡˡ
㲻ţṩ㱦⣬һܰƿͻϵַҩﲻѣδһʱ˻Ƴϵ
ҲĬࡣַ£𾪡
һɲǡ
~ַͫҫâԼʩչ
ʥ޿ΥԼԵԼ
һơūԼ
һ޽ᣬ޷Υ˵Ըӡ·֡
ԼֱһˣΪû˵ԼԼϢӡַ꣬ȴżյľȵûڡԼɵİգջ᳼

ž
ַ֮һݣʧ֮ɫ
գܾˡ



1138 ǣ
һٿؿڡ
ַһ˵
漣԰ΪУ壡Ŀɭ
ַ˼
Ȼպ漣԰кĳޣȫܿ
ҿ֪ԭôַʵ
һЦ¶һĨ䣺˽˶Թ
ַδټȥȻղԸ˵Ҳνǿʮ֮˾źйأѹΪ漣԰кܴޡΪһյĬǿκһ߿¶Ը⣬Լ
ַһЦ
Լ漣԰Ĭĳޣ㲻ȼ٣Ĵǳ֡
ˣշ
ַЦֱӼգҴӦ㡣
üͷһأȴַӦ̫죬ߡҲûַĻӦɫһ˵ģ
Ҫôַ嵭Ц
䳰һиƨá
ַʼ磺㲻ţҺ漣԰кܴĹڣҲ־ͬϣպȻ֪
վĿ䣺㲻漣԰
Ͳ£㡭͸ˡֱַӼգĿԣɫٿر䣬ɡ˭ʧȥɣΪūܣѾûѡ
ҪôҪô

ãַһʩչԼ
~~
â֣סˡ

Ƭ̡
ˡյϥأ
ǩԼַڼеĵλϣԼҪӡūԼ൱Եܸıһ˵Ըĳ̶ֳ˵ԼͫԼһġ
֮ǰ°ͲмʧʣµֻǶַ𾴺ͷӡ
ʵϣַھ㷴ڲ漣԰ΪУնκԹԣַҲô
ȴӦ˼գһ
漣԰ʲô
պðǺͳҩȻȥԼַԸ
ǣˡδԣʱӰһʧͳȥĶȻջοַ˵Ч΢
ǵǲҲֻǲ
ܽѩ̿ǿĵͻֱַ̡Ӷʩչ⣬ںϵ̻һ˵һȡߣתա
ʵԽǿԼԽ
ļʵʤҫϰǺͳҩ
أʱϴˡַ⡣
ƽһʩչԼҪռһСڵԼ˵̫ں

ַ巵ҫפء
ҪҫʥֱӼ򵥵ķʹÿ󣬵Ǵ棬ţСӡ֮ԺͼշֿΪˣϾ̫С
ҪҼʱС
ʱҫפغܿյ߲࣬ݻ񾳿ѳ꣬ȳѹСܡ¶ִݻʾ߷ʸ룬١
룬صҫ˾С
¼һͷľȻ𾴣ͦӣ۾˸˸
ţ
ַһˣˡ
ַһЦ˭ԼȡţҲδ⣬漴ͷҪҫʥ򡣡
ǣ߸ǿʮֽš
ܿ졪
~
ַ̤룬Ը߸ͷлл
ߵɴ۾¶ϲ֮ɫ

ৣ
գۼ䣬ַ㷵ҫʥ
ʱ䴵һвû̫仯Լ뿪ʱڵʵﵽ߽ףսأǰʮλ
սַҫһϸ¡
ʳɫҩ
أλĽף塣



ҫʥڣһǿ߼ַ嵽޲ͦأɫȻбӭӳ٣аֵַĿ¶֮ɫȻʧЦ
Լţʲôʱ򴫵˾֪ˣ
ߵͷַ漴߳뿪
һ·
δǿߣƽĲ٣¡ȴտҲҫפصĹ⾰ַ
Щ֡
ܷʲôַԥǰǾ
ҫУϵõǷǰ׻Ͼ֪֮ܿ죬ַǾ⣬⿴صȻǷļӡ³ǡ
³Ǽˣ³ǹ
ޣ
һΣַȴǾˡ
Ϊļӣ³ǵλ⣬ҪھԼӴζδ㡣Ժиֳҫפַ֣׼֡
ض񣬷ôַ
ˣʦڡ³ǵ
ַͷҫǲǷʲô£
³Ǿ˲֪



1139 
ţҸջַʵ
³ǻȻٿɫɫսˡ
ޣַɫ΢䡣
³漴渵ַϸ
ǰݻǰĬΪ׵ǿ߱׷׽Ǵ֮ţɥĹħĴӪħѰħǡʶ淢˴ʣݻأǿ߶δǰأǿߡ
峤أλ׻峤أλĳĬ峤i峤Īȵȡλ峤ֻзɻĻӥ棬ΪΪɻѰħǵأڶĳǿߡ
̫ϳϣ
ǿɥĹغͺħħĦϣԭˮݣοħħӪ漣԰ʥַ˾ټŭħ壬ͺսħ¶չ
սӦѷħɡַ
³ţڰħǺħǿߣÿһλأ񣬲սǿᱣǳȺ
ַͷ
һ·նλأ࣬Ϻ꣬ûôڡħսǿ࣬ħȡǾӢַһ¡
ħеħĿȺ޴ǿһҶɱѪأȻȥ
۾ƻħࡣ
ħӦòԴаɡַ
ǡ³ƮƮһƨɥĹտɾڶ࣬ҿԶһںħħȴܱһǰħչ

ַüͷһв
ħи׳нʹ㳲Ȼ飬ΧκԿô졣ƴħҲ潻սܱںħ㰵ɱǿħսʤһȡƴã
֮أַ΢΢Щż
ԼΪ߾ػ򣬳Լûһǿߣһħٽ

ħ漣԰һսƼ¡³̾
ַһ
ħ˾ٲţ漣԰ι̣սǿֱ֮ӵĹħ㳲һ¡õķǹ򣬴Χ߽
ħʧˡַ
ɹԼڵҫʥͻˡ
³ɷǵͷΪڣ

ַ֮һ漣ʥ껡
ԣ漣ʥ³ȭǹӲӣûۼһս漣ʥһ֮ħĴǿߣǹ֮£һˣ޵У
ħҲ벻ϵдһС³Ƕ漣ʥǳݡ
ַܸоõ档
漣ʥ껣˵ġ漣ߣÿ֮ݵż
أһĳȻڡ
ħӦò԰ܡַ
ħйԣ岻ͬǲԸЭưոݣѪҺŵɱ¾սϱǿԯʦ˵ããУħ嶼ǲѷɫǿȺ
³ǵͷһʤҲجεĿʼ̾һ³ǵ֮ħ廯Ϊ㣬ɢ漣ʥֻһȥ漣԰ȴоŴ򣬹˴ʧˡ
ַɫء
³ǵıͿɿ̬൱ء
ĴԶħ㳲ֳĹÿһɶСʱ򣬵ʮ򣬵ʮݣ˲ء³ҡͷ̫֮ϳϻ峤׻ǿһһ
ҫǳأǿ߳սƽסơ
ַü
ľƣ൱
׻ǿ߹ҲζѰħһжϣħ˵Ҫʲôսʤ࣬Ϊսʤݺ嶨ԹۣҪħ֮ǰˡ
ħҪģʱ䡣
ʱԽħǳɳԽ࣬ħȫ죬ͻϵʱࡪ
׾١
ҫ׻Ƕػ򣿡ַʵ
³ǵҫɽ򣬰׻ͷ򣬴ҪѰʦǰѰҫǰ򣬾սʦǱҸ
ˣлַ΢΢һЦ
ƽ£Ƿ£򲻽Լػ֮أѣرˡ
Լϣǳ¡
ˣ֮ǴӺζַٿʵ
³΢΢һЦ֪ڰǰҫͻȻƣʽΪҫε
ԭˡַһЦҲס
漴δٶʣתȥ



1140 ˵һ飡
ԼʵΣҫ
㵱ʱֻǿڣսѾڣȷй֮޲ֱԼΪεҫС̣վλãϣҫԽǿԽá
ֻδԼն࣬ҫйƻЩѰŻˡ²ߡ
ַνû뿪ҫˣ漣԰룬˸ƳˮҪ뿪ҫ뿪ҫԸ񲻺ͣĵѣҲѡѡ
Լҫˣ
ҫ򡣡ַ
ǣľվѸٿ
ַ΢ȻһЦ
Լվҫ˽ˣΪ֮һ׻ɽǺҫĹϵѣϵĵλҶһԼҫִƴȨܻ߲εĴҲ˵
ԼӴҫĵһ֡
Ʃҫ磬ֶǰ⣬ҫھŲȵȣֻҪ̫ݵҪҫܾ
Ҳǿλҡַ̤Ͽ¶һĨдЦݣôס
ܸѪ
ৣ~
ַӰ˲Ϣʧ


ȵڰ򣬵ھ͵ʮһ򣬵ܵħĹвأΧ漣԰Ϊӵ򵽵ٵԽ⽨Խ̣Խ漣԰ҲԽԶ
˵Զι̣ʮ̣漣԰Զ
վ漣԰ǶȣȻ޷ػȫʮôıȻǸ԰ʱ򣬵ʮ򣬵ʮݣ䳣ܵħ֣ɰ׻ͷפǼͦ
⣬λúܽӽ
iأ峤׽פ漣԰i峤Ī׽ڵ򣬼iۺʵ̣ʹõ̩ɽҲӻڡ
ŨҵսϢַӴпĿһ
ħɱ¾ϢѪʬζһ𣬶ھþս˵̫Ϥ֮ǰμӹħսʱֻСģսǿ߶ûУΪ
ڡ
ȴĴս
Ӧøս겻áַӦҫλڵħλã˵սıݣǿ߿ħķأвѪζԵһС
Ϣ¶ҡ
˺ܲءַüͷ΢š
쐻޵ĸӦޱȣֱӸҫˣս֮ϣڵ˵ȲεĸӦ̫򵥣ǿ߿ܻӦ⣬ǿ߶һ֪
ߵϢַܿжϡ
߸ǿߣ
Ϥİ׻ͷϢ⣬һϢҲϤ׽څĽսЩİַӰһ漴ʧ

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ɵڤħ壡׽ҧأŭɶ
ĴԶħУڤħΪƻˡ׻Ŀδǵ򣬽ĹֻΪ˷ɢעȻȭ򡣡
ƾڤħ壬صĵ򣿡װһ˫Ũü׹Ե׾԰
峤Բӣʵ֮ʵ֮Īࡣ˵һͷɮˣɵʦأ105ʦ⣬жž޵ޱ顣
˺ҫ˹ϵļѣܰ׻ǰػ
ϻװƳʦ˵˵û˵
ʦǳҲŭֻЦЦԲװ³λ׹ӿ峤峤׻֮ӣۺ̨ʵһһ
һҲףħץǿʲôô˵ǹӣڣǿߡ
֮ǰҲûע⣬ڤħÿνսܻ°ǿߡ׻ü
ϻ˼°ӣЩħ廹ʲôװ²м
ǿɫʱһЩѿ
һΣװ˵Ĳ޵ڤħ弫аɫܣΪ°ߵĺܶ඼ǡŮߣնʱ̣ͻȻ׽Ͱ׻һ͵ת󷽡
̤
һɫӰ̤ڳ¥֮ϣ¶ɷ֮·ɱɱ֮ǿ֮
ַ壡
ղ˵ʲô˵һ飡ַͫܲѪɫħֱװ¡
ӸղһֱûиӦ˵Ϣ



1141 ʲôӢ
ַ壡

׽ϵַ壬ַδıʦͻҲ֮ҫ½ҫֹҫˣǹඥǿߵȦӣΪ˵˶ϧ
˵ַ绢ǰֱװ¡
ֺװºεַ֮Ϊǿߣȫ񣬵׽þս漴ڴƳţģӦҲ˵ˣħԴʥһսʧ·ǿϮ򡣡
ַĿװƿֱ׽
ǰǿ׽֮һݣַʵ֮ǿһĴԶħһ·ͳ˧ʮԪħ壬һԭʼħǿߣѪƴݣڤħͫħ·ڵ򣬵һǻ
ַͷ
ʮ漣԰С
򣬵򣬵ʮλ漣԰Ҳࣻ򣬵򣬵ڰλ漣԰ࡣ
Դʮ򼰵ʮݺڤħͫħĿתƵ򣬳ɧţս͵Ϯֽ׽üͷ壺ĴԶħ壬սһһʤһıͫħ嵱һڤħ󡣡
һСսһսһһδսħĹ಻ʼδȫԸ
ڰǰǷ֣ħÿһιٶ°һЩǿߣҺܶ඼Ůߡ׽˫Ŀŭڤħ弫аɫʬ嶼Źһ뵽ǿ˻Ҫ裬ҡ
˫ȭ׽ͷ¶Ŀ¶
԰׻һֱޱĻɫȻŭޱȣħоֱ񹲷ߡ
һδսģƴ󣬸ʤһǰ°ߵҲһġ׻ֻǱˮн׷ȥֻħ壬˸Ӳء
԰գ̾ϢһվԲԸվڵȴòô
Ī׷οԽƻƵͫħڤħ塣
ַɫ䡣
ȴŭգʱϢӦһѰҫˣӦҶĵϢ޵ӵϢѩϢƫƫû˵Ϣ
ĸӦ
ַоܸӣһһԼŮˣӸ߹ӣƲʳ˼̻ͬһ͵ġħŮģҰҺޣԼĵ뷨ȣȴһűصġ
ӵ쐻ޣԼȻƭԼϲϲ
֪ħλôַڿڡ
ǿ޲һ
ֵĪ嶯
ǰֵַܣɲС¡׻ҲȰ
ʲôӢۡװһ䳰ղűַ˸ޱȡ
ʦ嶯ħĪࡣ
ģֱַ׽
˻֪׽һ֪
ץߵġַ۾׽ڵ
˵ַŭĿȵ
Сӣ֪֪ڸ˭˵װһŲָŸָ˲䡮žડһһɿ͵ıըըѣֱӽװºɳȥ
µַǰװֵʸûС
峤һ׷ȥ׽˫һңңһֱָָ淽ڣַüͷһ壬׽ٿָһ򣺡Ҳҿ϶ͱӦħ֮
ʳַ˲ʱӦ
һԭ򡣡׽ͷֻв㹻޺ޣһֱ͸ħ٣ΧΨء
лַתȥ
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ֵַܣҲܿȥҪȥǴң׻սԣٲȻǿЦ
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Ŀԣ׻ɫѿ˲ַӰһ̹⣬գʧ˫鴹İ׻дһ־ϲ͵ǣǸӡ
磿׻
ʦͻҲһʣΨ׽ĿƣǱװ˦ڵֱۣף쵰أ͵Ϯңһ
Ҳ֡׻һ
ʱɫһ䣬׻ҫ˵ĵڶѽΣأе20λĳǿߣϲַ壿
װоǲţŭܣ
׻Ƴװһַۣȥķ򣺡ڣұذɡһǿߺ䶯װɫҰף׻סУأ
ֹ㣬Ҳһ׽Ŀڵһװº׹䡣
ʵɲⰡ



1142 
ٸַ֪ͨա
ֶ䣬ԼҪǿԮ
Ĵֹ̿ͣḻó׷١
ѸٽַһʱͷĿܣΪմħܣûһӦûС
ݻ񾳳ǿۣħ岻ֱǹײ
Ŀԣ൱֮ߡ

~
ֱַҫڱפء
Ͼ漣԰ҫ˵ĴǱ鼰磬ʮַ㣬Ǳǿ߽ĵ򣬾Ǵ֮ⶼפء
˵ܶΣδ
ǿȦأֽгʥ90%ڱ棬ʤһȣб֮ÿһߣֻҪ뱦ֶ飬Ǳ档
һһ硣ַ̧ͷԶı
Զ״ΪΪ״ǴСܳΪ֮һԲ棬Ǵ֮ţɥĹصȲ٣㳬һƽ
ߡַ򱦲ֱˣ֪ͨδ
ԼģֻǱһ㡣
˵ǿֻĲ㡣Աַ廹Щ˽⣬һһ磬ÿһ㶼һСС磬Ψͨһܽڶ㣬ͨڶܽ㡣
ǿֻĲ㣬뻹е㡣
Ӧÿ쵽ˡַʮֽ
ԼͼԼĵطҫפ֮⣬Ȼ̫֮ҡͼոշֿûãӦûԶϰԶƧָ֮ս֮ǰԼһս˵ˡ
Ȼ
ˣַоյϢһ
Ӱ৵漴뿪פء

ǰ
ˡڰУӰͻ֡
ˣַ˴˵޽ԼҪϢֻһתӡ
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ΪΣַ
յһ㣬ǿߣǿߣħôضᱻ֣Ĳ㲻ͬܽ뱦Ĳǿָʺħפ
ҲסַҡͷֻͨܽĲô
մиȡɷ֪˲࣬Ҳûʲôá
ޣַһơ
յֻҪһͨ㣬ֱӽĲ㣬ʱĲĽʱʧֻҪϿֱӽܺ
ߣַȣ˼ֱȥ
ջһڹ⣬漴ϡ

ܽĲôУַʵ
մֻ㣬ӦܻܵĲ㱦ħˡ
ַˣδʱӦȻ޷Ĳ㣬ҲûȡɣüջܵĲ㱦ħˣٷԼ룬ԼֱӴ
Լʵܵһڶıħֻգ֮¡
ǣˡûжķϻֱӦ
Ϊ̿ϲǿսӲɣһδذæַҪԥĴӦԼ˵һС
ݣ
ַ循ٶȱһɳ۶
µļ٣һܾܿͻᷢ仯ڹħ֮ǷΣգַ岻ȥ룬Σȥ
Ϊһˣġ
ԼߵŮˡ

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ͭɫŵͨףɫŵǾӢףɫŵף׿ȳƷսףÿһֻҪܽ뱦Ͳֶصԭ
׶ͨ˵Ҳ㲻ʲôΪܽͭɫŵߣսڡ
벬ɫţսҪ͸ߡ
ͨҲֻõףӵս߸ںһƷսס
΢˸ط룬ӱڽ벻ϱħҪڶ㣬ܵһıħ
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һ״ŭ£ʱ䱦ۼ߽ȻȻħ굽塣඼ǿߣǵǰͬϡ
ÿַȡ
ɫŶӵ޲ƺһ类紵ʱ˳ȥ



1143 һ
ַվڲ𱦲ǰ
Ȼرţ֤뱦ħսôļҪȴĿƳͭںұڣһַ岢ںһڽ룬׶˵пޡ
ǰһƬž
˶𺧵ħ꣬ɢϢޱȿ¡
㣡һַ徢¶ŭɫַۣ˫һƳɱֱ͸ĵף·ٿ˵һ仰ͽֱӸɱǿں˵仰

û˸˵һ䲻ֹ֣𱦲ڣڶûվţŭħ
ھԵǰһжޡ
˴һ䣬һԲϱɱӺǾ̫ԩˡ綦ʢء˭ʵǿ˭˵ʹ
ܿ졪
~ɫâ
˲ַУ붼飬ַ뱦ǰǳһָһͷӶԹص
˭
˭֪϶أĸǿߡ
ô᣿
ͷŵǰ֮ԴҿӦiĺӢԲ˰Եư
ҿҲǣĬ廹˭ôš
۷׷ףiҲǵùĪǹ˸ڹ

һ㡣
ַǼνġħˡһ׽ɫϽսףһ֪Ǹ߿ƼԼ˲˫ȼһսʮ׸ߵľ޴ѹԵԶԶߵĳܼޡ

һΣϵȴַ塣
ֳƾ𣬰֮ԴģֲϻۣɲǼˮƵ̰ӣ֮Դڵʮ׸ߵľ޴ɷ顣
~
ǰ׽ɫϽսס
žַᴥɫϽսСĶʯ
סַС
أԼûʲôá

̤
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ȥһƬɽɫʱ֮ͺһСС磬ϢӦɢȥܲϢ
治ͬıطûУֻлܱħ˲С
ħˣֻڲ֮ٽڡ
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ҪƬ޴󱦲ռѰͨڶͨǼ׵£ȻͨҲͨȱҶˡٿַĿһӰ˲
ž
˲ƣͻȻһ֧Сǰ
һ˵Сӱһһ֧貶Ųӹļʸݵ˲ֱַ塣
Ȼ
žַ嵥ץסСӶɳ乭ŮӣʯԭءǷ㶼䣬һڹżʸֱӴӶԷɹŮӶͷ亹䡣
ʵڶԲǰøղŴ䣬еΪ׵󺺷ӦǸ׵Ǹ
Χɫɵ־壬Ǵδȿµǿߣļ˫ڶǿ߶ѵֵǰǰȴͬһ㡣
˭֪ͨλáֱַӿڡ
һ
˲ԼͬŮӣַ徫âһá
ɲǼ䣬Ӱ۹ֱַʧһͻȻ𾪴󺰣˶ӳ㲻ˣ

ʱַŮټۡ
Ů֮̿ɫǰʵ̫£µԺиֳأһǿߣȴûһԵϺţȻ֪䣬һƽڶ𣺡ģҲ˺㡣
Ҿıͨλá
ŮһȻ㡭
죡ַ岻á
Ůһǵͷߣǰ
ಣ
Ůӵָ·ַܿҵȷĵ·תۼһͨǰɫֱ֮ͨͨϿգͷ
ǰѶߵıͨǱѶ͵ıͨŮӲſڣٿһأȴǽ̤ʵأѱ£ж˼ص壬һŮӲף
ĳַ͡£˲뱦֮ͨС
һȻŮӣŲɫ֮ͨؿڼ


ڶıħˣͬһ
һβδʥһž͸Ļƽʵַ彫ֱУôŻƽʵļֵҲסйһľ飬һַַǴ죬˵һθպҫ˵ľ
ܿܵıħˣһűʯͬʱ㡣
һΣҪκָ㷽Ϊ
ͨĲıͨǰ
ַ̤кη֮ɫֱӽ롣
ΣգҪˡ



1144 
ַսˡ
ǰıħֻСţĲıħʵ൱£ѹּδܹء

ħ˶԰֮Դĵֵ൱֮ǿһٿһַ֪ѡĻֻɫͨͨѶеȵһͨʵԼδѡһͨ롣
£ʱ䱦
ڵսԻǰⱦħˣҪͨͭɫͨӦû⡣
ûʱˡַһźɫҩֱ֣ʳźɫҩȡʱ䣬ֵҺɫҩҩЧʱܳڲãĲһҪá
ڣҪ㹻ս
Ĳ㣬ҪԵġħ
~İ֮Դȫ֣ڵºɫâַ˫ͫѪʱ밵ħ״̬ħаػһʩչһԶ֮ǰ
䣡

ʳɫҩַ壬սĽ׺񣬻ܵĲɫħˣȻɣܹءڵ仮ɫħ˻ΪУһ޴ĺɫ˲ʱ֡
ʥַ循̾
ͰǣħͬȲεĳҡȻǰϵġ
ϾĬϸħħа֮˲ʱַ֮⣬൱һźɫҩȡһʥǹͭɫıܱͨħ˻õӦǳ׼Ʒʥһȡ
߼Ĳܱͨħ˺ܻܿ֡ϵַĵ
̲ʺϡ
ৣ~
һâԹַʶһɣ˲ʱ˱ǵİ֮ԴϢǶһƬ硣ͺԵûǿգûб߼ʣȴۺ˵İ֮
ħ塣ַ˫ȭա
Լħԣ֮ħΪģѪΪͼеİǿħˣͬʱͷų֮Եħ峤֮أضһڲʮָĺ
Щǰ֮
ħ֮Ũħ峤»ġ
~ַһ쐻˲ʱɢֱѰ١ҲݵķԼڵĻ֮ΪʵǿħҲδֵܷˡ

ַɫһ˫¶ɫ
ڸӦ˲䣬Ÿҵħľۼ֮أ㱻һɸǿĻֲ֮
ǿħΪַ尵ݡ
ħĶħˣһҲһħħģһĴԶħġͫħ塯ַ֮ͫĹϵ塣
ħħģ൱츳֮꣬ʥߡ
ħ˵ħֲˣħĵħӦ㲻ѷɫ
¶ˡַӰһ˲Ϣ뿪
Ȼ¶ͲͣԭأοҲ׼ǰ
ħڣ

֮ϣվһħŮؽĺɫϸĳȣʮ㣬ͭɫƤħŮӣü΢̣ħý޵ħƣͬŮӵĶׯħŮһҰԵ
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ৣ~
ֳ֮ͫɫһ˿ɻͽٿһʧ
ݣ~
ҹʺ绮һͬںڰеħǿԱڵͫ˫ֻأȫڰ֮УҹеĶħ䣬ڤħڵǿߡ
֧ħ׼ȷ˵֧ħǸġ
֮sΪΪ
˽ˡ֮sǰ
˭ʵ
ʥߣ֮ǿȲ֮¡֮sɫ
ߣ䵱ϡ
ӵʵǿָ˱Ϸʤ㡣

㡣ַɫһ䡣
оͫħŮԼӽȻԼ֮ӦʤԷһԼĸӦͬڣԼӦ죬Χ㣬˴˻һƽϡ
ҪѶԷӦܼ򵥣ֱУԼħԽԽԶˡ
ӦҲšַδӦͬʱ𣬺ȷһԼֻǿӦһǿߵϢȷħ°ࡣ
Ҫȣס
ַҲͷۡ
ԼڵսһһӮȽϴ󣬵һԶ
Ƚϴ
ͫħڤħǿߣԼѽħ˵ˡַ˫˼ٱãѰıʵԼҪҪǿߡ
ͫħŮַ尵ͷ
ֻҪܻڤħǿǸӦԼġ
ô죡
һսܲˡ



1145 
Ȼղ󣬵ַԼϣò
ڤħͫħϿν赺ϣڤħóζƣ͵Ϯ簵ҹ̿ͣһڤħϾ總֮ǰѣͫħĳԲ˵ַ̹
ҪֱӰڤħǿ߶ԸͫħŮǲʵģõİ취ʩչ޻þ
ڤħаŮɫħǲǿпԻǱȽϴģؼǡַ岻޵ǣͫħŮԣԼδ˳⣬Ҳֻô
һһ
ಣ
ַӿٶȣѸٵĽӽħڣѸٽӽ֮sħ
Ƿôַȡֱϣսһһ֣һ֮Դ붷ɲǼɫâյɫϢַٿһ¶һĨϲɫ
ʱ

ݣݣ
ڵĿУһǰһӰٿͣ
֣Ϣô֣֮sɫ֮ͫݡ
ˣ
֮sһƳȻǡ
ͬΪԶħ壬֮s䲢ѣֻһжѣԲʾܸĸӦǿߡ֮ͣsӰ׷ȥ
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ϵͣ٣֮sÿһ·ͣɲǣо룬ԷϢȴÿһʱͻʧɲǣʱһʧ֮sδ̫ͣãѸ
ÿһͣ٣ʵû
϶ǿ߾ǰܿ׷ϣ

ַ壬ȷ֮sǰ
˿ȴͻȻһġUתȦν֮Уʧֻʣһڹ⻮ʡ
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ϢΣӵϵĸ֪Ȼ޷Ӧҡַ⣬ڸϢıܶ࣬Ӱ񡯾Ǹж⣬ϢӦǿԼҲֻǿӦһ˿˿
ˣӦ
缸˵޵еġ
Ҳҡַʮ㣬ʱȷʵѾ֮sӰúʹãѸͫħŮ룬ùԷʱ䡣
˵ֻҪõõɱһܣǰٷ֮٣ɼʶ
²ǳǿ֮ʱܱѪоȳˣַԲԸ˷ʱ䡣
Ƽʥһãֱʹáַ⣬ʥϰձԴ⣬ƼʥȽ࣬հȻǺãӸǿûҲֱܹʹãһγдãִֻбɡ
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Ӱͱ弸ûʲô𣬵սֻбһɣ֮ʮǿ󣬸οһʵɲַڵԼֻһʵɻأذǿߡ
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ⲻ˵ģַͷŭڵڤħ壬һħǿ߷Ժ޵ֿ֮ŮԴ󷢣ŰҧԴЦŮն
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֮࣡s촽ҧķףȫ衣


1146 ڶ
ħаػ
ڶػַ壬˿ȫ밵ħ״̬һδεɱ¾ħаػشԽ̣΢ֱӴƱ⣬ؼޣ
ħаػ
Ķ˶ħַĵޱħһԪħħչݿɱ¾һ֮УѪĽħס
쳹ɱħ嵨ߡ
䣡
ڵܲб֮ԴƬ˲ա
~ַ崭ŴǰƬǽ壬ѪĿڵֹסٿȻʶĺһʶޱɫÿһƬۼ׶ɼǳƼɵɱ䡣
쐻ޡ
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ҐޣڶϿ
ʵҡַૣаħ֮ɫѪ죬ⰵ֮ڤݻһкǱȫѪҺڣɱ¾Ϣ
ҐޣʵֹǱңǱصҡַ尵
Լ֪ң֮ֻߡ
Ѫ
ԺиֳŽɫ׵ĺڷˣزİԵصĿֲһ֮ӲʵǰѪɫս󺣵ľɱ⡭

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ոջܸоǸϢȴͻȻʧ֮ǰһģһ
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оԼһתεȵ裡

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ȳɱ֮ħӿϣַҪıԴģַ岻ã򱶰Զʤʮֹǰģ򱶣սϰ֮ԴԸЩħӱȴ׾١
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ģַʹ飬ɱǱ
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1152 ԩ·խ
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ȥɡַ̤
ǣˡ

Ӷ
ڴǶһſ貾飬Ĺǧ߻һãδаӵо߶һĴɼܱ󷨣ϢıâԼһд似ս̨
סӹվ϶ӡұʶ
ͶΪ֮ҵİԽͰͣΪʵǰ԰׵ӣҵļ裬ǿߡ
ȣɫһ࣬ȻˣţҪ·ܸԭڼǴҵλãͳߡ
ǣסԽͰ޲һ
˵˭ֺܱã֮λĪ
ѾѶѪȿǿߣĴ󰽼ĪҪԵ
ģҺͶܶ߾ܡԽ΢Цзȡ
밲ˣ嶯һῴġ΢Ц
˻һۣȴƤЦⲻЦ
΢۾˻֣ԲֵܼĶ֮λ߾֮

~~
ַͼս롣
ַ岢δ棬պ棬¶һ˫ַͫ벽֮Բַܺ岢УǩԼӸַġū
µļգһССۣܺ浫ע⡣
ʵϣϵüյĲַ١
漣԰Ҳǰȫַ
·ͺΣΨпղܽ룬ߵĴ󣬲Ӷ˵һʧյɥ֮ħлġ
ַͷ
ͨħǿ߽Ҳ
һνַҲǺ棬ΧʱĿϵַˡӶйȻи󷨣ȣ˳ɵ߶̫ں˽Ͼбףһ·鷳ˡ
ޣַĿ˸ֱϥʶ뱾Դ
ֹһߺܶࡣ
ﲻ׼ַ֣ʵ
ǵġӦĬ嶨µĹأ˭ɱ˵漣԰ΪУ֮Ϊ漣԰ĵˣ׷ɱ
ַǺһЦϤ
ӼյУԼٲȻһֲͬ
ɱƭU峤һˡƽ
ַͷ
νĹأֻǶͨ߶ԣաԲͨˡ

ӶҲûʲô̫ر֮ʵɥĹصһפأָ
ַܿӿٶǰУԲﶺ˷ʱ䣬߾ڣҲһҵĿڣݻһУʶأǿߣЩڣ߶Լ˵
ͨûʲô
~ڼ֮Уַ쐻Ȼɢʮֽ
ڶϵ쐻ޣڵ츳֮ΪɸӦΧϢǿ߶ѷ֣ЩڣԷֲˡ
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ַĿֱͣԺļһƪƪͰ͵ĶԹԹӽĬǣʮ޸տʼѾʼǰıɱһδεı׷ɱٵɱɽ֮硭
˴˼ĳ޴δֻʱ
ڣһεĽҿ
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1153 Լ
ǧ޲ɱַ壬ڲʱ
ַ֪ģҲ뷽跨ɱκַ൱ƻᣬһֱҫ˱ӻ֮£֮Ϊ簽Խ֮λңöַ֮һ׮ǳˡ
ڡ
ʮ޵ĳһԶӿϣɫ࣬֡
ޣԽְ͵˳ĿŤͷȥټַġ࡯֮һɣ򰽽ͷŭҪ˵ģġ
ôλֵܣĴ󰽼˵ڵ
ַ岢뿪ҲЩãϾҪ¡
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Ժгļ䷭һҳĿӰĴ󰽼ˣҰ͵ġ
ͣ
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꣬Ʋ磡
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sҵļŹͺͺԴ૵
þòַ岢ͣ½Ų򰽽͡
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ѾúͰͿס
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ʣɱ֣ʱĴ󰽼˾Ȳѡ
㲻ҪҶ֣
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䣬ڵǳʣȻϢĲӶ𣬰ɫٱ䣬ǳ齣ҪæǼ侱һһѱڰذײ֪ʱѺϡ
ֱ͸ĵ׵ĺ⣬ðҶذƿĲѪµ䡣
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䣡
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㣬ǣɫɷףֱᶶʱԺǸֳһ֣һߵսľ֡
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Цɣ
ذջأɫֱͫĿɨаߣǸղſʲô
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ʲôûǺûϵ
ǽƣĴ󰽼ұͲôԲΪͳͷΨһҵ»ھϲ֮Уоմ̻Ŀ⣬ԽЦݣܵǵģһԼȥôǺã
˾ǳ嶯ɥĹؿɲǿЦģַڷ
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ԣ̫嶯ˡ
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й¶ȥҲǣĪĴ󰽼ҡ£Ĵ󰽼ƨҷһ䣬˵ǣʮ忴ҲǷġ
ַգĴָĿɨĴ󰽼漴ȥպܿϡ
ֱȫʧҰ֮⣬Ĵ󰽼߷ųһ
̫ˡ
赹ùôײϼɷǣ
ǳģ
Ǩŭѡ
Խҡ֣ʲô£ǰԼģǸղûôǸ꣬ʲôַġ
ԣַ壡һֱ˼sҵļһԴϲ뵽ˣҫεǰҫʽĵ
ַ壡
˵ɱߴǿߣ
ֹҫǿߣݻ񾳣
ôͼһ˿ϵܺã
꣡㲻Ҫôڱۼգ
һɫڣˣµΪֹ˭Ҳ׼䣬ай©ҷź򣡡
ǰô죬ôˣһҵ̲ס
ɫ䣺ģǻģ硭Щǲõģ͵
Լۡ



1154 Ѫɥ֮
أǿԴƵġ
ʵǿڹ֮ϡ
һ㣬ַСѾ֪ҵıһǿ߶Ƕļ壬еСС˻Ʋʲôŭ˲Σڻ漣԰ͬں
ڵѲǸ
ϼԣ漣ʥԳ֣Ȼ߸á
ܺʹַЦЦǰ˳ɱͣǲողβյ൱ƯŵĴ󰽼һһ㶵ģԶҿ԰䣬˵Ӱ
˽մ
ǰ˭˽ءַ̾
˾ֻЩ˱ֳˣЩˣ˷ʥͣ˽ǺһЩΪԼ˽ЩΪ˽ЩˡΪ˽
˵䣬ǳ۳ӶڶƬɥĹء
ħɥ֮ء

ǿܶࡣַ
Ƭħɥ֮أԼоʮÿһһȪϴȫ죬Դǽڰ𶯣֣һ֮ԴתȻڵ˵Щ΢
ɥҪǿħɥǼ֮Ϊáյ
ѹ֡
ַȻħǰ֮ߣÿһħӵޱȾ׵İ֮츳֮ԴΪáħɥ֮أħܸһļǱս
ܶħܻŴɥ֮غħɥ֮ػսħյ
ַͷ
ɥĹؾܴȵļħǱͬʱҲкܴΣԣ߻ħȫʧȥǣΪʬ⣬ɥĹصĿħ
ҪǿȻҪۡ
~ɥ֮ٴַͼհ㲻Ӱ죬ɥ֮ظɣ˽֮һֹûΣܰոవ֮Դ
ʶӰ죬ǲֵһᡣ

öߡһ·۶ַ
ħǿ߶ࡣյ
ַš
ϾĿĲͬǿ߸ΪѰħǣħʵǿԶѷħ壬Ҳħ⣬вǿҲ֡
˴˾ˮˮħǻᶯ֡
ҳ㷹һԭʼɭ֣˭ǿ˭ܴȥʤ̭ʵĥǼѵġ
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ַԶʮϢڣħ֣գߴʱҲѷ֣ͶѯʵĿ⡣ַҡҡͷһת٣Ǳܿ
ʱ䱦Բ¡
ߣĬħ幷ҧһëʲô¡
ܱ߱Уַͼһ·̹δսħǿ߻ҲֱԹɱɱĳ̶ֳ˵ȷʵһ·ˣȷĿͷ
ܿ죬㴩ħɥ֮أɥĹصĵ㡪
Ѫɥ֮ء

㵵ַͷɫ΢䣬һεǰȫֱͬԴǽڣռ𵴣Դǽ޾ڶ֮Ȼ޷·Ϊ֮ѡ
ÿһε𶯣Դǽɢ
ɷǾˣ
ַ֮࣡󶯡
ԼԴǽ࣬ԼǵļԴǽ磬Ĭһ̨ף
Ȼܹ
ӣζԴǽ
صַ尵
Ѫɥ֮أΨʵ߷ҽ룬ħ塮Ѫ֮ء಻ͬħѪҪޣĴԶħ壬ʮԪħ壬һԭʼħ壬ǵ𲢷𣬸ǡѪ
ܸεھڵѪʵ
Ѫɥ֮أɥĹصĸħǿߵơյﳣ걻֣ɥڸӰ񣬾ǿҲ޷ȫ
ѪɥӵһǱʮħɥӣԽԽΣա
ÿһħɥӶӵмǿܼͬħѪ漣ʥҲ޷ȫħɥӱǡħɥӣͫħɥӣħɥԼڤħɥӣħɥۼħǿ࣬ͬʱ
ҲħĴڿܡ
Уַɫͷ
֮sԣͫħͫʣħе4ǿߣͫħɥĴħɥӵĴڣ춨ĴԶħʵ͵λѪмǱħɥӣǿѡ
ϵͫħɥôַһ
ɥ֮ʧԴǽҲ֮ƽ
ϵáյ
ߣַԥ
ͫħɥжΣȻ֪һˣ
ž˫ȭַһĨѪ֮ɫȫս״̬
һҪţˣ



1155 ڤħɥ
ಣ
һڹ⼲䣬սĴ̽ǰ
ΪĴ̿ͣǾͨ̿̽ųΣգ֤ȫ˵̫ѣΣصɥĹء
ͫħɥңڤħɥħɥ֮󡣡յ
ַš
ողˣƬѪɥ֮س״߲ݽӡȽڤħɥҲԵشԼ֮һ󽫻ħɥ򣬵ֱӴ͸
ͫħɥ
˿ж᣿յ
ֱ̾롣ַԥ
ȽħɥͨħɥͫħɥȻȫƺܶ·һ򣬱Եشȫġֱܷ㣬ΣأΪôѡ񣬶һᴥħɥĺĵش
ʱܽʡࡣ
ѡףַ˵ʱؼ
áûа顣
Уֻзӡ

ڤħɥߵģ֮ħɥ֮ͫħɥ򡭡ַ弲Уܿ࣬ʮħɥȻҲи֣֮ߵڤħɥʮħɥӵĵһоǵ12
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ħѪǿħ壬ַ尵ڵĹؼǡ֪ħڵѪǱϵһڤħɥӣ֪ͺࡣ
Լа˳ɰգħǱضʮħɥ
Ϊʮħɥգǿ֪ħΣ
Ҫǡ
ԽӽħɥӣǱԽǿʵҲԽ졣ַħֻħĴӪʵǼأɥĹزһħһ֮ء
ڤͫȣĸħɥؼħǴڼ󡣡
ܼ򵥣ѪħǿĴԶħ壬ȶĴкѪħǵĴԶħļԶԶʮԪħһԭʼħ塣
ߣʮԪħһԭʼħʮħɥδһµѪ
ֻһ˿΢ѪֻǡѪ

ڤħɥΣʣħĩʵͬСǿ߳漣ʥӮҲֻǴƽ֡յ
ַͷ
ħе5ʵΪħǿʤࡣ
ڤħŵڶǿߣԣħ9λأǰλսɥֻ֮Ҫ̫ħɥڣⲻǺܴ󡣡
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ʵȷһ֣ħ9λԼܻΪмһЭڤħ㣬ǵĴԶħģаɫԼ޻þԶԸ
ǣˡհ֮Դӿ֣ӿٶȡ
оõַš

ٴС
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յذףַĵڤħɥʼɱ¾ﲻȵһڶ㣬СĶãܲħϾǴڤħɥĸش
Ҫʡʱ䣬ûô򵥡
߳׹һͷʮ׸ߴİħﱻ˺ѳƬЩʵͨħħܳɳѸ٣һǶϵȴ೬ǿߡ
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ַڵӳˮɱ
ѪǱ仯Դǽ𶯣ַս˿ȼѷɫѪɱ¾ħаػܾ֣ٶȽϰ
ʱԽãΣԽ
ֱԼѾϣַ̧ͷĺɫħ˫εͫעڤħɥһ죬ЩħǷַ͵һ׹
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䣡䣡䣡
һδεĹһħַͼղǰУ֮һƬǽ壬ɱħȻħⲢûħǿߣһ·˳˳Щݡ
Щ֡ü
ȷַ˫˸˸ͼһδɱ¾ԡѪУʱѴڤħɥĵش̤ͫħɥ򽻽֮ԽԽϢоתš
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߰ɣһȫطָսȻ󡭡ɱͫħɥ򣡡ַɲȻڵһսڡ
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ӰʧƬޱ޼ʵĺ֮С
˿ڤħɥĵشһӰ˫ֽ滷أ֮УǻһĨЦݡ



1156 ǿ
ôַ
滰Ǽٻյ
ַͫ滰
ƽ³ڤħɥΪʮħΧħӦرɭϣ赲ǿ߽롣
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ħǲ֮УĵĹؼħǡ
˵ȥַ
ռƽ˾Ǻ£ܿΪһ޴ķ籩Ǳµľ顭ͫħɥá
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򡭡
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յͷͫħ׶༪٣Ǿһ֮֡
ҶַͫԶһƬδ֪ͫħɥ򣬳һգҡ
һ˵·̰֮
ַ֪
޽ԼԲΥ
Ŀԣֻһˡ˸㡣ַ㱾δνٽðգΧˣҪҲǰԮ
ǣˡ˲ʱַ˼
Լġַһ֣Ӱ漴ʧݵĻָʱս۷塣
̶ѨһҲ߲ɣ

ৣ~
ַͫħɥңԶʶ΢΢ڤħɥȻͬͫħɥ͸ֱ롮ꡯ֮
츳֮Ĵвáַ
Ӱ۶УͷڣӰʮֵ׼ܼҲǿϾͫħĵ̣ħΨһħĵԶħ塣
ͫʣͫħûܸӦҵĴڡַһ㡣
ͫʱϾħ֮һǱԼ쐻̽ѰӦûоҲ˲ôࡣ
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˵Ϊûܳܵסɥַ֮֡ʵϴӽڤħɥʱԼѻɣͫħɥǿ϶
˵ˣͨǿҲ޷סɥӵ
ңǳʱܡ
տ϶ҲԲԼԼû·ǸǻΨд֪ͫħɥʲôԼ֪ģƩ硭ĳЩطġ

ַ䣬ɱһͷħ
ÿһƬħɥħص㶼ͬڤħɥħڤħٹȣɱа񣬹簵ذ׷ʤħȫǺͫħһӵħĵģó﹥
ܱܣܲ˾ս
ַ룬˸⣬żħƾڵֱӾɱʡࡣԽԽԴʯػԼ˵ʵ̫鷳
ΨһǣħԽԽǿ
ʮħɥӣײʲôܣַ尵ﶨһʱħģǿħ嶼޷ӽħɥӷΧΪʵ
ֻϵʵܴʮħɥӡ

һԳһ¡ַ尵
־ԼģԴʯػ츳֮꣬ħɥӲͬͫħɥֻǴ츳֮ѹ
䣬ٿַ岽һͣ
֪ԼͫħɥϢӦʮͫħǰһȫħЩͫħǿһӢǵĴں;ۼ벻ǵĻʡ
ͫʣ
ûϢַ尵ݡ
ֹϢԼͬͫʵϢħɥٴ춯ֱ͸ַüͷһšеЩԾܣҵĸӦӦñͫҪǿһȡ
䣡
ƬɫħӿӴϢ˲䱩ַ֣ɫʱ
ǰʮͫħ֪Լĵһ㣬һתǻһ߽ԼΧһ쳣Ӵ˵Ϣ٣ַתһۼ˫쵽µͫһֻɫһֻ͸ɫ
ͫʣַڵ
˵ͫʾϵһ֮ңֻҪһֻɫͫ͸ɫôͽͻƿϵ
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ôҵģַҲҡ
ͫʿЦħԵĳ趯¶ĵЦݣôƻҿɷֲˣһˡħ̣Ƿֲˣͫħɥȴܷ֡
ַһ
ͫħɥӣ
ĺˣôͫͫǱ䣬ĵЦɱ⾡֡
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1157 
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ͫµ˲ǳ֣ͫʩչľͫʵʵʩչǿһȣֻ͸ɫͫųΪֲһħƣĹͫ磬ͫħ츳Ѫ
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ڽͫһַѹڵĴһ޿ɺףͫʥģʲôʥ
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Χסַʮħδ֣ΪǶͫʮ㡣
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һ㣬һ㡭
ͫڲ֪ʥľ޴󣬵ɫڵĹâȴôҲϨ˲ͫɫһ䣬ŭޱȣɶ񣡡ɫâըըѣͫʵͫƹѿ
ḻ֪ϵˡ
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ʥĳ˳ɣͫʵۿۣʱַͷڽ˲ʱҫۣڵ֮Դ֣һֱѹڷһڰֱϮͫʡ

ַҽͫħɥû׼
޻þŮЧڵķȴ൱ˣֵܵĹѪʥԿʥвãǳȫ档
һϵ޷ǿͬС
˵ڣַǿͫħɥϡ
ͫŭȣʱԹۿʮħͫԼʣʥһſűѹַ壬ͬʱҲá
ƹƹңң
ʥ밵֮ԴĽ棬ַ峤ֱ룬Χħֱ֣ӷ֮ģҲкͫһģвٿطɽйɹͨ
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ڵ޴Ȧ֮Դ¡¡ֱȡͫʣΪ˾ܵҲֵͫʴһ˾ͱʮħѲĶࡣ
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ͫʽֵʥڹͷĲ棬Ͼߣһǵв൱֮
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ͫѪ󳷣ĵЩ־ͼ˷ŭЪ˹ĴһͷڹѸ㷢йˣδܹˣȴ뱻һСˣ
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䣡䣡䣡
ڤԹԺַ嵶гɭ׹ž쳹ͬİ֮Դǿַһأڴ޴֮

ַǵӰײ˲ʱȥ
ħĻʹˮʥַкڽַǰܵУ䵲ס٣Ҳ©²٣ұϾʮħͬʱ൱¡
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ӵʵڤķĪѹԼͨڤħɥʱһ㶯ûУﲼ޵һ֮ͫʴǰ
˵ڤħƻǼʶˡ
ƣַǿʹڵڹ֣ʮħϵĹַѸٵķԺ˼ǧǰһٵжϣǾǡ
뿪
һжħĺ͵Ĵڣ
ֻһδӮ¡
ҡ
쐻޸ӦδܸоұħɥӵӰ죬ֱԼйɺǿԼٶȽӽԼħһ׼㣬ħɥܡ֪ͨħʵĻҲ˵ԼڽڤħɥʱѾ֡
һ޴壡
ңʼԼûиӦ˻Ϣ
ߣ
ַ嵱ϣǷʮħʱɱ¾Ϣħ˫ѼɫâնֱħΧȦ֮Դֱַ۷塣
~~
ɥ֮쳹ʶַʱ۾財
Ǳǡ
¡ʯ쾪޴ƬֲϢȫʣ˵ۺϢѹ֪ʵжǿϢ
ĴԶħУ͵Ƶһ壡
̣̣~
ĺ˺ѣֳһ޴͵Ӱ
ħڶʣ򿾨


1158 
ս
ַ򿾨ǰѾεĻսһһеս͵ĻսȻͬøǿ޼Ƴɣڳʥ
ţףͷ֧ţʵǣϱ鲼ۼףĴԶħ壬ַһϤ
򿾨ʣ
ħе2ĳǿߣܺ漣ʥ濹⣬ԶԶħĵȼ
емһֱ֪ûУ۾ħȲ࣬ǰ򿾨ȴǿصĵľ磬һһеϵѪ
䣡
ֵһιңԶĵطӰһ㽫ַӲˣ
ַ˫ۻȫ飬̵һǿߵľʵԶƹȳ֣ͫ߱ɱϢأץļѡ
޻þַҧֱʩչ
ʵٶȿ죬첻޻þɫâ֣Хַʱٶ룬ͫɲƾַͻȻΧʮħֲ

ѣȻǰĻаӰ
׷ܻͫʶ𣬺Ȼ׷ϣʱȫָʮħ׷ȥֱʩչ֮ͼѻַ壬
ȴײǱȫЧ

ݣ
ֻҪٵһ϶ַܣٶаգ򿾨ʵǿ׷Լ
ϣܱ
ಣħ׷ᣬػַ򿾨Уܿǿ֣Ҳûа취һ򿾨
~
һ죬ַʶ
ԽӽͫħɥܵѹԽ΢΢һ٣ٶԻַٿط־벻ûԶࡣ
ӰģֹһַĿԭƹͫħɥӽħɥ漴ı⣬аսħɥ򣬵δ˦õ򿾨ħʣһ
;һħʣǾͳ֮
ңħɥӶԼӰضͫħɥĴԼںԴʯػطͲһ
ӽͫħɥҿô׷ַ尵Լ֪ͫħ嶼ħɥӵ򣬸˵ħ壬Լ塣
䱻ܣ绯Ϊ
ţ

ȥˡӣִսͲƵ򿾨ʡ
׷׷Ŀ
»ɢͽȥͫɫâ
򿾨ͫʣҲУ
ǿܽڶͫʵʲôãǽȥһ˲֡ղһһսͫʼ£СһĵԪˣв
֣ôܽڶɵ
־ħǿ򿾨ʳʥߣû⡣
ôˣħô죿ʵ
򿾨üͷһšǼߣٲȻʺͫʼǲ
ڣСߡ
ҪܲˡͫЦͫħɥħɥԻзӦҪ룬Ȼڤħɥħɥ֮һ
ԽħɥԽֻãͿɾ
Ļܵ˺ܲ
~

ͫħɥӡַ쿿
ԽӽħɥӣܵѹƺϢоԽǿңʱѸоϢԼû׷ΪĿǰڵλѾˡߡħ׳Ƶġ

ħɥΪģһһ¡
ΪһǿµһкħɥϵѪǱҲ޷룻ǧΪڶΨħħʷɽ룬ûϵѪǱѪĺѽ롣
ַԼܰȫ
ڵĵڶͫܽ룬򿾨ʺʽ
~ħɥӵٴ𣬵ڶܵѹأʥģ츳֮лɢ٣Ѿڵֵĳɹ
ﴸ츳֮꣬ʵܿ졣ַ尵
ԼԴʯ澧츳֮ٶ඼Ѹٲأ츳֮ռޣһ˳Ա˾ͲٳԣھǸճԱ˲ӾͿˡ
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ϧ츳֮ʵҲ޷ڶʱʵַü
Լ츳֮ȷǿȴȱܽӵļɣǡܽ츳֮ͻƣֱϵܷڵȫô
~
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£ҪһħɥӵĿ



1159 
ѹ󣬵һѹ

ÿһεɥ֮ǳ죬ǳʥٵġַѸն澧תΪʥÿһʱȻʥͺľ
žžϡ
ħɥ֮ӾŶڵĹȻĽɫâͭǽڣַ塣ɥ֮ǳ츳֮ϵǽܣʵ
~~~
ַһΧٵն澧άǳƽ⡣
ĿԶֻн׵ȴһ޿Խĺ蹵׵ľÿһ׶ϰСĿռ֮УַѾǾ׵ɫâеġ
ͫħɥӣ
ϸʱħģôʵһп¡ַϸʱħǿƼСܴſƼɫʡ
ʮħɥӣ
ħɥӵƼѪʵеôɱֻǸá
ջĸ
ԿƼıһص㡣ַ֮⣬ħֱӰ񣬿Ƽ౦ǿҵġȶԡҲ˵޺޶һֵдĿԽͻơ
ͬʱƼ౦౦һѵص㡪
ʹá
Ƽ౦ﲻҪϵϣֻҪʹôƼ౦ܷԶ챦֮һġסʵԶ籾һϡ
һǹˣˣСãֻҪ֪ôá
ͫħɥӡַ˫ȭӿ
ʮħɥӣԼΨһпµһħɥӣЧֻҪʹñضǿԼսԼ򿾨һս
֮sѿԺС˿ıץɥĹأͫʡַѸٲĵʥϸ˼
ʵԴͷѾԼȦӣֻҪĿ׼ͫʡ
ץ֪˵䣡
ƴһƴַĿ⾫񣬿


εÿһַѹܴѸն澧䱻ĵʥĿǰ谭ַݡǳɵʥޣԲࡣ
һڣѾϵʵ롣
Ҫͫħɥӣϵʵ츳֮꣬ʥתɸ߲εġַ岽ԽǰԽѣÿһĵʥԱӣ츳֮ѹ
ڵʥʮ
Ƕ츳֮ѹΪƣַ彫츳֮ȫԴʯ֮У˵һͫħɥӣʮħɥҲܰٷְٵĵԴʯ޼᲻ݵıݣס츳֮ꡣ
ʮס
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ԾٶתգģַоѹȻһᣬŲ͵ĿÿһʮףǼʮ׿ʮףʶݣĽӽѭǼεʶԳܡ
Ľס
ס
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̤
ַӰһԾʮ׾ֱһĽ紦٣ؿڼҪݵʶƽȣǳָ
աַ尵ݡ
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Լղǿн룬пܰȻҲпʶѣδȫ飬ֻҲӰպʵ
ô
Ȼǡ
Ϊղŵַ̽˸׵ķԡѡȴиõķԲðգоʶǳɱ䣬̶ʱѿ׷̩ǳַ⡣
ͫħɥӣһĳ
Լ츳֮꽫ﵽ۷弫£ҡ
ٶȷǳ죡

̤
ַͣһʮ״
ʶ纣ŭвʶ֮澧ԾٶĲǳһδٰѭǳܱʶʵȽۿɼٶȼ
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ھŽף
澧˵޾ϵ̫ۺ
ǳ磬ַһǰȻǰֻһСʱں֮ǰ
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1160 纣
¾㱸ֻǷ硣
Ĭǿߣַ֪ӺǼϵ쐻ҪڶϣʵȽҪﵽ£ʥǳȱ߱ǻ֮ǿȣ츳֮ĲԼѪĳ󡭡
ҪҵĲʶɱ䡣
˵ǡ
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ÿһµ磬һµĴš
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纣
~~
޾ѹѹ£ʶ飬ҵ̮ǳ䣬ƶԴƼɵչ˱仯ַʱͷų츳֮꣬ΪƬ纣ġ
~~~
澧ӿ룬츳֮꼫ɣԴͬ買â˲䱻Ϳգһصӿ룬µµĲΣµľ硣
ϸѣѪ仯
ַȫλɱ䣬ֻ츳֮Ǵ֮꣬ϾǴͻƣԴǽѸεԾӣļԴǽԭվһܸߵλãȻ޴޷ٿԽһס
ǽַܿоĽ֡
츳֮ΪģֳĽĹƬĽ纣ǽ纣ɡ
纣֮
ৣৣһſ澧ģĽ纣Ҫ޴Ҫʮ¹⾰չأܽ纣γɣַ岢Ҫôá
㹻Դ
仯ʶɱ䣬Դദɱѿ״̬ʱַͫħɥӽһ֮ң͸ɫâǰ~쳹ȴַ벽
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ֱַ֣Ӵ续͸ɫâǼ̻տ͸ɫâĩөʱɢ俪˵̲ͫ޾ĩ֮С
~~
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⣡ַȫ𾪡
ۼԴ㱻޾ɫâȴΪ纣Դܱ缲۵гǸı䷽ֻĿߵĽϣ仯֪ᷢЩʲô

纣ľ𶯣Դת䣬ӰԴĽ
~ַоһƵɫĹâʱ֮ɫԴ㷺ɫâԽԽâ룬޾纣ַ֮˫γ͸ɫâ
ȻԺֳһɫħƣ˿ӡԴ֮ϣ硣ÿһħƶ̲żǿܣַоǳı仯Լ
ĸı䡣
ںͫ츳
ңϵͫȫϵһ˫ͫγµ츳
ͳΪͫɡַоԼ»õ츳ǿױȣͫħǴױСף츳֮ľԲѹ
ڣӦܿǿܡַ彫Ľ룬ĵһѶϢֽ৵ı˺ƣɡ
˻˫֮⣬޻þԼ
ϵ˫ַ֮循
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ַвδκ֮⣬κεڱĵסʮʽ˫֮ǻһؼģʵεĵ
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ֹͨϵܴڶַ尵ݡ
̫档
ַ̾
ʮʽֻһǾ˫֮˱మƼ򵥡ʵ򲢲򵥡ⲻٵ֮ͨ˵ĸҪжǿʣֻҪϳ֮Ժͻƴϵ
ʲ˵ѣ
ȱҲ֮עս̫ǿߡʱ
òţܶ˶õϡַ⣬ġСԼЩʧ²ֻ棬ʮʽԵ˵޼֮
Լս˿㹻ǿ޻þֻǻԼʹõġ
ǽ
ϵĽ
ִַǰɫħâǣعһӡ
ͫħɥӣ



1161 ˣ
~
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һϵı֣һǽͫħɥӵһӳԺ֮Уͬһ
ͫħɥӿɴСħɥͫͫͫ츳ΪͨĻʵãַӵͫв֪ͫħɥǽȼü֮
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ͫѹҪڶϣͫɥҪϡ
ԼľΪʩչͫѹ
ȴԶԶ

ͫħɥ
ô£
Ϊʲôоˣ
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ͫħɥӵĸӦʧˣ
Ǹ࣡ͫһ
촽΢ͫüͷأ֪ǸʲôֶΣͫħʷдδֹͺưѴŹرȫķ
ͫЩԥҪ鿴ȴ塣
֮ǰַһս¡

~~
ڤħɥħɥ죬ʺ򿾨ʾ˫ͫ¶Ȼ֮ɫַʮħɥ𣬵ʳħɥκη紵ݶǡ
ǾԵĻʣ
ǿߵҽ룬ħԹ֮У׸
ʮħɥһ壬һһħɥʧƽⱻƣѭƣħɫ˲䣬ӰܿʧڸԵħɥ֮С
ˣ

ͫħɥڡ
˿ַ̣ȫӰֻʣһа׼ʮ׸ߵɫӣһްƬ֮ϡһϸµħâʱɫӰ
ͫħɥӣ
˿ʵħתħɥ𶯣ھַϥɫʱڣǿͫ
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˵纣γҪʱ䣬ַȴʱȫѹһ룬Ƭ纣츳֮ΪԴ㣬ȫıַΡ
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츳֮꣬ǽ纣Դͷġ
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ͫħɥӣͫʾ
ħɥӵĿҲǾﲻѡ
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ͫħɥѾûκɫħħɵ׿Ͼ˭Թħɥ·̣ԽħԽвԾʵǿ򿾨ʺͶͫħɥ˽ͫʡ
ȵȣͫԶɣס򿾨ʺʡ
뿪ڣٿȻؾ𶯣һֱ˿ͫħɥ͵ĺ¡һ͵Сƴ֣Ŀ˲һڵɳֱʵǿ򿾨ʣ



1162 
̶̾룬򿾨ʸ޷ܡ
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սһ˺ѿռĻȣ򿾨ʲħе2ĳǿߣ˲ķӦ֤ʵǿĹӲɳ۶ͫħɥӡ
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类죬ֱͫʺԴ£͵ĺˣ򿾨׵ǲңͫħɥӵײƿֲӲײս򿾨׳ȫȥ򿾨ʾ޴Ӱײɡ
ʲô
ͫʺٿصɴ۾ֻײ򿾨ʵͫħɥٿڿգû֮ǰɥӵħವһͫħɥӾطȥԶһӰֶ

ͫʺʻعһͫħɥһը˿ȸղŲ㡣
һΣֱȡʣ
ৣ
ɫɷףղĿͫħɥӵĳһǻˣ򿾨ʶܲס֮˲֣׵緢̱֮һߵһߺˡ
ַ߳һ͵һһʱͫħɥӾתʮ䣬ֱȡʶ֮

һӰͫħɥӻķ飬ѪˣɫһѿûУһˣûκԥʻ޻Ӱ˲ʱʧ
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Լδȫٿϵıʹõķֻʥġ
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ͫħɥһκֱӵĿ﹥򵥱ûκμɿԣƫƫַǽߣĽ㹻վڸ̨ѹԹ
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ײַĲ٣ÿһײ򿾨޹ӴħԱԽսԽǴ߹۷壬ַ尵ʱ
~~
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֮Ȼͫħɥӣ
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һҲ壬һһַں
ֻҪ򿾨ƽⲻĿ﹥ͲӮԼ޾ĽȻʩչĽԸֻһ򿾨ȴոպá
򿾨ʾù£ԽԽ٣ַܿƿס˾档
򿾨ŭȣʣҲ֪޷ǰ࣬ٴȥǲǻŭΨУ򿾨ʷŭ룬һֲҰܡ
򿾨ȥıӰַ΢΢¶Цݡ
Բ׷һûգҲûҪɱɱ򿾨ʵҪҪǡ

ַĿͫʡ



1163 ħ
޽Լߡɢַͷš
߸۸ӣԽѹʥַȫǿлͫʣ䣬Ͼ鷳ӵͫ츳ͫʣҲô׸ܵ޽Լ˫á
ͫʱϾħ֮һħе4ǿߣֻǱԼ˲ýĵز
츳൱ףһֻͫΪ͸ɫ൱һֻѾ̤ϵֻͫħɥźܿܽ츳ΪʵͻƳΪߡ
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츳֮һѪξѣԴǽ翪ļԼͨϵĵ·һƽ谭
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ÿǰһ򣬶ܸоħɥħѪǿĴԶħǿһҲڵ֪ǰħѪжֲ
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1165 پ
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ĿԣַɫأѪӰԼǰĿĲ
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1166 ħ
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1167 һΣ

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1168 þ

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ѵħѪ
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ħ壡ַ֮һ
˲ʱϣֱԼڷ˲ħ壬ܼ򵥡Ϊȫ
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ԼһĽ紦λá
ħɥӵޱȾ޴
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ҪȥȥûȤį֮ɫٿ¶ɴɱʹ죬һͷ֮ޣ԰գһ⣬й֮⡣
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Ҫôֹˣڱþǣһһ֡
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1170 컯Ū
Ŀ־度£޴룬෴ࡣ
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ΪƶߣǵϺ;൱

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ѪӰɫȻء
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Զ챦ѳַ尵漣ʥѾǿٻԶ챦ʵӿֲ
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1171 ݻ
ƣδռš
ʵÿħħǾѣƻʵȴһδεııħҲ࣬ŻħǴͷԿţ˲ء
һ֮ռϷ磬ҪΪû
࿴·磬ʵʧʵݻ񾳵ĳ֣ʵ
һħɥϢܿᴫȥַزԴУˮɣ漣ʥҲһٵԶ챦սһ
ѪӰԣⳡǵʤʲߡƽٵ
Ҫ漣ʥѪӰַ壺ܻ޾塣
ַͷ
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ݻôѪӰ
áƽһۣ׼ħɥӻ죬ǿַ嵽Ҵϡ
ѪӰõʲôȻҪʲô
˱ͻۣ
ַҲΡ
ʵԼûֹѪӰϾԭԼǷһ飬˵ͬԵܰһһ֡Ĭħ岻ʲôûɫ漣԰ҲһɵףԵ
ˣǷͷ°ɡַѪӰħָӰִУǲʡ˼ˣ漣ʥңսҾͲˡ
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ַǾôսǰӣһᾡʵ
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ħкû֣֮Ҳһ
ĬǵӣԼ˺ܶѣȺ֪²֡ʵ͵ֻ漣԰ԼĬЩżȥǡ
һУعƽ

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ַƽٽӽħɥλá
ǰַĿ⾼Ȼ
ÿµ嶼ɢܡƽ꣬ɫȻȾħɥӸǿ
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šַһ
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һŶ澧һٿ澧ȥáַԷС֮ˣԴʯ澧֮ЩǱɽһǣƽʵףԼһݻ񾳣ʥǰ;
ʣֻҪ㹻õͻϵָտɴ
⣡⣡ƽٵɴ۾һö澧һö澧ؿڼ澧иоӿɲ㵲ѡ
ýʡãõԽԽԽáַȡ澧շȻЦкܶࡣ
ƽ˷ܲѣ˫͵սã
ַ˼
һ˭뵽ϵַ
㲻ɣƽٴЦ



1172 ս
Զǧ
죬֮аһá125ǿߣħг500ħгħаԶ޺Զޡ
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Դ֮ûôǿԣһ·޺Ҳħһ֮
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漣԰漣ʥ
ƬããʥУһҫֵȶǰȻһѾ޽ַϵãѾ޽֮ǰݻһѡ
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1173 Զ챦
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վڵĽǶ߶ǵˣҧһëԼûҪ͡ħǾܱҲ֮£οèѪӰⳡսҪϺܳһʱ䡣
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1174 ľ
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ɲǡƽٿһ̾ϧǣõҲ֪ⶥԭѹĬǵķӡڡ
㲻Ҳãô࣬ǺܿܳΪϵǿߣʱ㹻ʵ򣬾Ĭħ壬ȫܳҲõġַ˫ֻҪ㹻ǿػһС
ƽüͷš𣺡䵽ڼޣҪΪϵǿңңڡ
ͻûôѡַҡͷĬһֱ޷ͻƣؼΣҲһ
֮˵ԴǽǹؼĬһԴǽŸ򣬾ѪξҲֻǵ࣬Ҫ֮֮Ϊ൱
ԴǽļҪʮ࣡
а취ƽϲ
٣ַʵ
78806ƽٵ
ȾǿĶࡣַ
ƽ൱ףһԼһͬ츳֮꣬ҿ쐻ޣ֮ΪףԼһݻ񾳣ֵֻջȴ㲻С
ɻǲƽҡͷ
7880610򣬻Զ
ַҲ֪֮ǰԯʦҲͬķգޱԴ֮ŽﵽҪ
ܰ㡣ַһʱһϢ֣ŵζ˱ǶǴݻõġˮ֮ס͸ɫۼһѩƷ覡
ǣƽٲ
ľסַ֪ǻ֮ô
֮һƽٳϼ壬СѲȺ飬֪ʶԨ
ַͷصһ꣬޷֪̽һ꣬ȴҲǲɻȱһꡣѧкܶǻ֮ļأν֮Իġ
ġƽૣģġ
˵ӦٶرģƽٶΪģﲻһġ
ַȷʵһģߣħ壬츳֮꣬Ǵ֮꣬ʵ϶͡ġҲǻ֮кܴϵ
ƽٵ츳֮쐻ޣ֮ıԴΪ
ַͷģģǹľ磬ɵĸսѪΣ벻ǻ֮꣬޴ڣԪ˧ͳȫ츳֮ʹ֮󽫾ͬʱҲƿоӣݣҵȵȡ
⸱ľϵȴֻΨһһ;
ġ
ৣ
ƽͫʱŴ
䲻ֱʵܴӻһУȫ޵мΪĹЧַʵϵԼѡʱҲû뵽ⲻ۵ˮ֮׻Ч
ʱѡһԶ챦ȷľ
ľ׵ļֵԶԶܺͣܳԶջĳϵ
Ƕļֵ
˼ǡƽ۷Ź⡣
áַԷС֮ˣԼʱòľסƽʹúԼͻϵʵǿԼҲںֻΪеˡ
򣬲ֹҪԼһػ
ãƽصͷҾͲˡ
԰մľףƽ漴Уó̡
ַһЦҲ̤


ַֹʵͬƽٵġġ
к֮ܶΪͻƱԵ쐻ޣľ׵ĵڶ£ƽٿڶϣ֮ΪѸ٣ΪҪǡ
ѪΡ
ѪǱһ㼤֮Ѫѵƽ٣Ǳ츳ԭ൱ˣǷȱֻ
£¾㱸
ƽپԴǽļԽԽ
ʱַ壬ھŽ׵·;Ͽ̣ڼ޳̣ƽٲֻͬҪʵ
̾ͻƣ



1175 һϵ
ɥ֮أħ漣԰
طս׷ɣ࣬ħ壬չҴսһǰħǳһαսһÿһնħаǿߵѶ
Щǿÿһ綥ˣһɽһɽߣսǺ顣
ûսǲ˵ģΪأϾʵΪļ룬ħԭбƽ⣬ƫһȺб
̤
ʮħɥӭһִ޽ӡ
һɫսսѥͷһо޽ӵпƣÿһ̤붼ɥĹؼžĳ֣ͷϵһʮħɥ
漣ʥ
ǿߣ껡
漣ʥв޽йһ˫Ŀǰ޽
ʮħɥǲָĵط
漣ʥв޽԰㣬
ٿأ޽һңָǰ
ħǡ漣ʥȼգһĨЦݣš
Ӱһ漴ʧ

ħɥ
ģ΢ξѵѪǱƽٵԴǽѳ98000ľ׵ȫУļ10ԽԽֻȴһɲǡ
ޣַٿ֮һ澧ľ˸ľԡ
ԼоһƵı仯Ķӿ֡ħļɣıʽսͬ츳֮쐻ޣ֮ıԴ֮Ϊһӵսܽ
ĬҪսѣ࡭ƺѡַ
Լ֪ʦܱӵսսͬսԼ㲦Ҳӵаսÿһǻ֮սֻԼó֮սɣҲʶδش˵
䣬ƽѿʼ仯
ŨȽԴǽȼԴַϤһ̧ľױǿַ彫澧룬ƽգԴǽɱҪ޴Լ̫
澧ĸɱ佫ʡʱ䡣
ʱʱҪ
~~ƽ۾ַ΢Ц˵ͷ
ֵܼ䲢Ҫ˵̫мĻУ澧ѸģɫɱƽٵļԴǽ繹ٽУܿ졭Դǽɱ䣬ϵ㡣
ڵˡַͷ
һϵǿߣƽٵĽʵһԼػٲĵѹӡʧҲûϵ
ǷͷӢַۣĲں֮ˡ
ҐޣһĶΪ


漣ʥˡ
ڲ޽ָʾ£һ̤ʮħɥģڤħɥͫħɥ򣬴ħɥħɥ򣬵ǹƥ漣ʥµħԩơ
һ֮У
һĻ߽٣Դݿħ塣
ʵվ۷壬漣԰һģħʲҽ漣԰벽ӵв޽սȫǼǺƽһԴǽ磬ͻϵ
漣ʥΰͣ
ǰǾħɥ򣬲޽âɣ·һ𶯣漣ʥĿ֮ӿ޽Ǽವһֱӳ룡
գҪħ

ৣ
ַ۾ңԶ
ĪйǿҸӦΣպ;棬ȫѪҺڣӦħɥǱ仯ħɥӵˣǽŵľ֮
ַȡʯ
ѪӰѶϢ
ģʼջˡ󷽴ϤľƽԾЦݡ˵ϢȻͬٷ֮ǰѷɫԼһѺԼվͬһ档
ϵ
ˣַ
Դǽɱ䣬ϵͻƣ̫죬澧İδЩľˡ
ɰɡƽ͵ȭԷ֮ԴУսϢͷŶƮ޶ৣৣৣһӰԹƽˡ
սַ
ҳΪսҵıԴ֮ƽЦսһҪͷ֮ԴϣߡҵĽ
ַһЦ
ڵƽٻ˫ǵͷʢʱľ񽣺貨΢ĽΪһʷǷ
黯ķ֮Ϊʵɲ⡣
һ̣ˡƽ£ӰѻӰ˲ʱʧ



1176 漣ʥ
ħɥ
̤
ħ̤Ƭħ֮򣬱Ĭеʵǿҫ漣ʥƣеĲ޽ĽĸԸ裬Ϊֻ漣ʥأ۵Ρ
ػࡣ
~
ħɥ죬޽ھǿҪ漣ʥüͷһ£Կ粽ңԶǵڰеӰͣ
ɫսװݵӰںҹ֮УѪӰ
ͷϵֻ۾ȫªľϢޱȣվѪУѪӰɱԣ㲻漣ʥþħѪһͺһսҪ
ܣ硣
ǵһ漣ʥڣƽĮޱš
䣡
ѪӰɱ˲䱬ѪȽһ
ûаϻѪɫӰеѪУһϧ
漣ʥͷչҫв޽죬µƲ񷡣
ħǿߣûκתء
ս

һߣƽٻһȥ
ǿȣΣӦٶȵһжһ硣ַƽȥıӰʵԲỳɡѪӰ֣ܿܲҪԼܻ漣ʥϾƽٻһ൱ǿĵơ
أ۷
ֻһһͬ졣
ֻ漣ʥϾǿߣʵɲ⣬ԼҲ˽⣬̫أӼûκѶϢֻ֪ǳѪһսǵ黯ĵز
ǰǶܡַꡣ
漣ʥ껣ǳ岻ĳţӵгǿѪ
ա
ʱѪǿ¾ʹۣþĥ£ֱʮѪȫһɳ졣һʰ̶̲һΪǿߣ
ʱĥºʹδҪĥԺ־
ʮ꣬ɾǿߣأ
ʮأذһٶʮأپʮأǰʮһǧһأǰһǧ˰ǵǶڼޣأһ
նʱħλ걩漣ʥ
֮һδֱ֣ħǳħѹ漣԰˵һǿ漣ʥǳ֣һĲ·磬ֱħ嵨սľ۰ˡ
֧һ񻰡
Сַ尵ͷһ޷óжϵǿߡ
ôȥ
ַʼЩġ
ӰһǸȥֱȡħɥ


ʱľħɥĬǶս
ѪӰ漣ʥȻħѪȻ޷ռϷ磬ģ漣ʥʵи£µǡǿУأ۴еԶ챦
ԭ쳣ǿʵޣ
䣡䣡
ħѪ޽ҲǷѪӰ漣ʥĲǱʵħѪ޷ʤ漣ʥܿ漣ʥռϷ磬ѪӰѹơ
ħǵδš
ÿһħǶҪķѾ޴۲ܻɱһΡ
漣ʥֻһ֮
̣̣޽ҫ䣬Ժڰƣ漣ʥ߹֮һѪ츳աǽ֮Դӵ˼¡
ѪӰܴ죬˲ᡣ
߳޽һ£漣ʥս
һսӮɣ
¡
ʯѣɳ漣ʥüͷأõһвûɱħǣߣ͸ɳ漣ʥףһһ꣡
࣡漣ʥһʱĿƳѪӰĸϸ
࣡
ô£ħأ漣ʥǲ⣬һ˲Ϯ崺֮ʱɱ֡ƽٵĽ⣬ĽаعɱУʤ
֮ԴĴƽٵĽǵ˼µĵزؼ޽벽֮ң
֣ǰ棬ȫоĴڣ漣ʥǲ֪ϵͺȻͬϵʵϵһжı䣬١Ҫ磬γһ硣
纣ˣεһδɱ䡣

޽ƽٵĹ漣ʥʱ䲻֪ô£ȴȷ࡯ضǵɣνʴȣ
ޣһ漣ʥɫʱء
ĸоǰǿʵħǸ£
ʲôʱһ֮㣿漣ʥǷ֪ǡϷһ˫âַǵ
ĺ֮㣬ֹƽһ



1177 Զ챦Ľ
ַڹս
ΣƽٽԸ߳һȣǽߣƽҪף˵漣ʥ漣ʥǿֻսϵǿ
ѪӰ˲ᡣַ尵
ѪӰһģһ漣ʥԤеĸ£ǡ
޽
Զ챦֮һأ۵ı
չ黹ַ̣Ҳûж⣬漣ʥݺʵҪĶȻõĬеԼڵһģһ
~
ַ˫˸
սƽٵʵѪӰʤһ漣ʥ൱
ǿĽ衣ַ尵˶ԽƿǵＫ£ƽΪ΢漣ʥؼޣ֮սԼ൱
Լĵͻأֻһ֮

Ľ
ƽٹ֮ΪҲǲף漣ʥȫûıȣųǿѪաı޽֮ƽʵȷкܴϾŸոͻϵ
ս漣ʥжξ롣
ûԶ챦ֺ漣ʥʵڲ֮䡣ַжϡ
ƣ˭ӮͿ˭Ӹãսĸǿ
ȻһѲ޽ȴıⳡսϵı漣ʥѪս⡭
ƽٵƣʱ֡
ַƽ٣ҪӮؼڡԶ챦֮ϣͬ׵Զ챦֮һòͬԼõֵӦһ͵ģ漣ʥľ޽Ǳͣó
ƽٵǸ͡
ʱʯУأ۷һַ֮ȴš
Լ֪֪漣ʥ֪
һܿܵ춨ʤ֡
ߣҸһַ֮

Ѫδܼ
漣ʥ껵ľʵħһ֮Կʱδò޽أ۵ıã漣ʥʵ۷壡
䣡䣡
޽sܣ漣ʥͷѷ˺ѿվͺƹʹ߶ԺڰħͽСԽԽǿƽԽԽΣڹľš
ȣ
漣ʥĽںϹ֮ԴʤرԴ֮ΪӰƽٱνײΪʱ漣ʥĹ֮۷壬ٿء
·оʲô漣ʥ͵Ťͷ
䣡ʲôûԴһƬ¡ǰֳʣ欴ɫ컣ԴĵɢȪ֮У޾Ͷͱ漣ʥǿҲȻ
޻þ
ַ֡
ʥͷŵ޻þԶ漣ʥвͬѾϵĻ漣ʥδüӦ¹ǿ
Ϊǿߣ漣ʥ־ضǿᡣ
ַģ䲻֮¾޷˵УҲܸƽӪһѵĻᣡ
ৣ˵ʱʱ죬ƽٵɫʯɫâ˲ʱ֣Ӧٶ൱죬âأ۷Ȼִ֣޽ףͷɫ
Զŷ٣
˵漣ʥƽһϵǿ󹥻Բ޽ֻǷСƱѾޱȡ
¡¡
𶯣ƽ˫
Ӯˡַȹ˵漣ʥ޻þȫʢ״̬ҲӲס꣬ҿɫõ֣ȻѪӰһбɣĻᶼûС
һУ̫ǿ
ÿµĽַо֮ʶĽ
Խ漣ʥĽ⣬콵ӰĲ޽֮⣬Ȼ¡
漣ʥذɡ
Ȼ
~~漣ʥеĲ޽ʱѣ޽߿˲ʱˡ˯漣ʥһ˫ԝ͵漣ʥɴ۾ͷȻͷš
žણણ
ضѿߺ
ʱǷأ۷Ĺ޿赲һ֮һжַ壬ƽ٣ѪӰϵȴһɲǵĵ
漣ʥȣ޽ܴ߹ȵ¡
~
ҹâصһʵһѲ޽ַ֮šüͷ·ԭݿأ۹ڹâٿʧһ˿ûС
ô£
㣬ַ֮һݡ
ǾһʶģǲʶԭѹӡĴڣΪɱħ࣬أԼɱԼȫǸ
һ˸ҡ
ʧ



1178 ̬
޽̫ǿ
һϣܵǿߣһ֤˱ﲻڶ࣬ھıһ㹻漣ʥûùƾһѽѪ֮Ϊ޵С
ַԼʵܿ죬Ϊ͵̱Ȳǰ೬ǿߡ
״̬ԼѷɫħѪ״̬µѪӰ

ڵԼͬһųơ
ħѪ
ħħ׺ڹַ־ؿλúħ˲ʱħѪַһضǿħ£ɱ⾡֡
ϣણ
仯԰ħ֮ϸڱ仯·صħɥʱǵһʩչַζʵĿֲԾ
̬
ܽϵħǿȫλںǼϡ
ַҧأʹ޾ӿʵûмޡַ֮𶯣Լȵز·Լһ
߳
âɣ漣ʥȹ
Բ飬ʵ¾൱漣ʥɱˣͻ鷳ơħǡ֪࣬ðģʵһһǿ
ã
ѪУһܲĺڰҹ̿ͱǳ財ЪϢһѪӰٴɱһ˫ͫɱⱬֻἤѪԣ
ѪӰ󷽡
漣ʥδüƽٹȵӰӷ֮ԴٴɱָýѪӰʱַɱɣ˫ȭʵû̫仯ĸڲ
ӿй죬֮Դһսʿһ˼ĵز
̬仯ɣ
أ
ַ嶯ˣδȵħ˫ڵʤ״̬ƽٽս漣ʥһοۼ׶֣ܳħ˫ǰ

쳹εۼ׶Ӳһ󶴣ֱӱϣ漣ʥײɣƽԲŹᣬбٴֱ̳ȡ漣ʥʺ
漣ʥִٿسһӰڰ֡
Ϣɱ
꣡ѪӰֱҪ
䣡
漣ʥҫһתݼٷռƵȷأɲǡ
δƽԶɫâգ۶
漣ʥὣȴסǿ
ͫħɥӣ
ַץ漣ʥ˲ˣǾ̫ûˡ
ƺһ漣ʥӲǽѪ˻ȥմ߹ȵޣǿɫӲײѪӰƽһǰһһһңл漣ʥǶ֣Ա˴֪֪ףԲİ
ϤԼѣǵˡ
аӰַ彫ľʩչ
ڵս¡¡ӰΧһһĹֱӴ漣ʥռݾƣ
̻һַ屬
аӰ뷢ǿһ¶漣ʥǱǿķȴһ֣ķȫĹķΧ
䣡
漣ʥ죬˲ᡣ
ƽٺѪӰ棬㲻漣ʥᣬڴʱĿâ֣һϢ֣һ·𽫿ռըѿ漣ʥ˲ʧӰ
ˡ
ٴȥɡ
漣ʥ̰Ǽϵѹ̫أҲΪʲô֮ǰаջѪӰȴٳûжΪΪ˼ɡܰܣһʧζ
ˡѪӰ£ĨȥѪ
ɽڣûաƽٵȷѡ񡣡
бıַָ̬̬ǿԼʼδ
ʮս
漣ʥߣڡ
׷ˣѪӰʵַ塣
֪ȥˣַʵ
ѪӰüͷ΢š
ӦǾпռתıɡƽٵ
ǡַͷǿߣôٲ棬౦ﲢȱ٣ϾħǿƼǼƿռ࣬Ƽͬ
һƸʵܼ򵥡
ǽôƽʵ
ַӣѪӰƿħҼ㡭ɰš
׷漣ʥ䡣ƽٵ
ãˣ㷢Ҳ׷㡣ַ
Ϣ֪ͨҡѪӰ԰תȥ
ַƽٻһۣһЦ
ս˶˶
Ǿֿɡƽٵ
áַĿȥоһ
Լȷ漣ʥߣܵ˺ܲӵһΣӲ˵ڶΡ
ΪԼܿͽΪϵǿߣ



1179 ص
ַصħɥ
Լս⣬һһҲܻ漣ʥʵһλعĬַ屾ʮգٴεĻعֻ£һħǻɨϰڶ¡
ҳף
ͻϵƽĬǣص򡣡ַδԼʹĵٷϴˣϱٱըԵ޲ϼ縺źܴѹ
¾ƣѾԽԽʡ
~ַȡľףԶ챦ջϵžá֮ǰݽƽʹãЧԶ׼ڡʱԼʹˡ
ž
ַȶ͸ıȴ쳣ʣǻ֮꣬ԼܸоͼڻԴǽڳ˯ľǻòѣ

ﲻһġַڹ֮к裬
Ƿ̸עģˣеġġָľǻ֮꣬ͨһж벻ϵ
һδڣȴΡ
оõ
Լ֮δϵ̣ΪĹۿ漣ʥһսǺƽٵĽսԼǳһֱǷȱѰĵĸоѳ֣ͺһ
ԼҪģѿȻ󡪡
ջ

漣ʥܱ
һ֪ĴϢһſըͶӪĻ̻̣ʿ䡣
ɵˣһǼϢ漣ʥôܡ
ǣϢԴȫ֪϶ħڷżϢҪҡǵľģ߽ˡ
ҿһѨδϢѴ漣԰˵ʮʶǲǰʣʼǿɼ漣ʥ֣ӦҥԷ͡
һ˵һġô죿
ô죬
գӪ
ϢԽԽ㣬漣ʥʼδҥĬϡһħǿƷɱħˣ⵽ħ߱ɱһҰܣһʱɱ
ʿ䣡
ѪӰԲһ߳һࡣ
һ֧ħǿҳ漣԰޵ľࡣû漣ʥ漣԰Ĭţħܷͥ񣬲֮ǰܵơȫɢ
ʤӣһοʼб

¡¡¡~~
ԴǽַĨЦݣеڵǸܵѡľУַһ㣬һУϵıͻƱԵˮɡ
صģ
ַ쳣⣬Լĵﵽڶǿߵż̶ʮսǷصĺصԶʱһֱڲħаػػ
Լڵսʮǰ漣ʥսʱʤһ
~ȫܲڰַδͣ£ĵ֮⣬һΪǽӽɱ䡣
ħ֮
֮а֮ﵽأҲǵļԴǽļޣһΪ޽ӽǾƺ̬ġħ֮֮ǿһ
֮ԴΪǶԱԴַ޷ȫ׺̬İħ֮ϾħѪɹʩչڵʦߵѧͽֻѧƤëǷͬһ㡣
ʮ֮һٷ֮һҾ̤Ϊַ
Ժŵʱĸо䣬ͱԴҪһղͬԴ֮Ϊֻһɲǣһһ룬ֱ
ڵַ壬
ҵͻƵԿףǷȱֻǲͣȻ󡭡
һ죬ɱ䡣

ʱһš
ħսƽٲδֱӲսĴѰ漣ʥټȻ˵漣ʥͺ˼һȫӰ磬ƽļѡ
ħ磬ҹֻʣ
Ǵ֮šƽӰʱ룬ϢɢѰ漣ʥ䡣ƬĵشвһĸоһƬսѪȵս˿̡ȴرİ
֣Ǵ֮Ųսҵĵطôƽٰɡ
ħɱħǿҪ֤Լĥ¶˿ȴĪİһƬչȣе嶼ʲôһ
ΪսĹϵôƽ֮ૡ
Խ룬Խо죬Ǵ֮Ŵ͸Ŵ˵Ĺ졣
ţƽٿͣ½Ų
ǰ治ӦǴֻô
ôûˣ
ƽס
ٿȻ伹һ䣬ɫٱ䡣



1180 Լ
ֱӰԡ
ȴʹ߸רע棬Դֱ̣֮ӣֱӿ쐻һһֻһ߱زȱһ֡
ζжһǿ򵥵һǡ
־
־ȴֱ˵һʽ־ǿضǿַǸ֮һľ׶һȶãַӰҲǽЧ
ʮ죬صģջ۵ͻơ
ħ֮ķѵʱ䳤ܶ࣬һµЧûУˮʯһôʯǰһٴôûн飬ֱһһβŽѣⲻǰһٴûô
~ַͫѪɫâ
ħ֮Ϊ밵֮밵֮ͬǰħ֮ĶȫһӵĴ̸ο
⣬ֻǿʼ
̬̲صİħ֮ԶֹЩַԼֻƤëٷ֮һǧ֮һûУֻҵħ֮һ㣬Ľ򡭡
Ѿܿ£һɽֻôһСȻֵǡ
ֻҪԴǽ弶ʱڰħ֮ءַȷ
ħ֮ζź̬ƿظǿ
ʩչ̬ܱһࡣַʶħʩչ״̬һѪ츳ȡڡѪ͡츳츳ǰģħ֮Ϊȵȡ
ʵϵ״̬൱ǿѪ츳
̰ᣬҲν棬רעϵ;
಻£ұضַ֮ȷľףδΪѪӰƽԼÿһΣΰħֱ֮Ӻķһ¡
£Ȼһˡ

ûСַܿ̽ɥĹء
ǿĽʡʱ䣬ʱɥĹرȹƽ࣬û֮ǰôǿߡַ岻Ҳ֪ԭʮ֮˾űѪӰ¶λãħٷʱɥĹصǿԲѡ
ѪӰ˵ھ㱩¶Ҳ޷ϾħռϷ磬漣ʥܱϢѴ
ֱ漣ʥδ֣ʿһƬήҡ
սƺܹؼԪ˧֮ͬأռ֮ѴơַֻҪ⣬ĬǵľѾա
ֻ
ʱô࣬ƽ˵ַ뿪ɥĹء

ݻˡַɥĹһƬ棬ҫפѾûˣ󶼱ƻȻħġûдҪصɥĹسҪܳһ·
֮ǰȻصһˣڿ
ȥħַ岢ĵΪѪӰ֮ǰӦ漣԰ٲṥ򣬸ħǡ˴˹վһߣѪӰַʱǺΡ
ಣ
ַ弲ٶۡ
ħĵƺħαɥĹأʶؾܽԶľǴ֮ţؾˣԶһħ壬һ࣬ңңš
һС
ַ岢δգһ㹻ȫٶУʡʱ䡣
ħѱ淽򣬵Ƕͨ˵ַ峬ԽĬǲεĽȥáħַ֪·ߣҹеһĹ⣬ܿС
ַ΢΢졣
˵ºħӦкܶ༰ǿ߳ûڲûУָо籩ǰƽ
ಣ
ӦѪӰڣֱַȡħء


ѪӰ۾Ӱһš
ܱյг۳ԶһӰǻ漴أַ塣貼ѪʵˣַͻȻǾǿߡ
ԼˣȥѪӰȻ쳹
ǣ𡣡ѪʵЩɻ󣬵ѪӰӣܿȥʣַѪӰˡ
γ˺ܾáѪӰ
ַһЦҳٲ٣ϵӦѾ󡣡
ѪӰҡҡͷ漣ʥ¶ĳָսϢʵۺħƲռš
ַӦô´ࡣ
ʮǰԼʱ䣬ƽûֱ֣ڶûѶѪӰ
ӦЩ£ٵȵȰɡַ
ѪӰͷ
ܿ죬˽һ·£Ϻַ²ûʲôͬصѪӰʼһ֣ƽδҵ漣ʥǰٳδ
ԸҵĻĬǺܿƽѪӰĿֱ䡣
ֻӦȥ漣ʥַһЦ漴תȥģûġ
оͬ˵˴и㡣



1181 ӢҲ˽
ѪӰϾƽ٣ַδɾ衣
һļƳǸߣԶ²͸ʲôʮһ˴˼޺ȫɱԼûУҲһİԼֻֻԼͬǸδ֪
ַԼ
ֻҪ㹻ǿʵվԵȨַ巵ɥĹء
ս𽥰ȻؽһĲɱ׶ΣʱǼѵĻ壬Լɱ䡣
ϵ

ħɥ
ַ̣ҪٶʲôƽĬǣصʱԽԽһαչسǾͻ䣬ȻԼ뿪мպͫʿţ뵣ġ
ͻϵԿףѾȫ
ַ澧Ѹаٷְٰڿϵ
ʵΣ԰ҲǿֻϧַԸϧȫףһֶԶ챦ûϵ漣ʥС
漣ʥ֪Զ챦ȫ֣׾ƶϳѹӡʧʱ
ַ˫ͫ⡣
òᣡ
һˣֵѰ漣ʥĺǶҵֱڶûѶַɫ˲ʱأѵ漣ʥѾ֪ѹӡԶ챦
أ
ַ֮һ
漣԰أ漣ʥ֪ܿܵѹӡԶ챦һַ尵ݣżܿļԶ챦漣ʥľ޽ǹԼǷսףΨֵѹı
ԣ漣ʥƽٽֺӦǲµ
ãַ尵
ϸ˼ϵ˽ද
ܿ졪
ϢδȥַĵҲ˵漣ʥ֪ϢҲδ졣ˣȴò漣ʥ뿪Ĭǡ
Ǽܳǰ򣬿ҲǸµ顣
漣ʥٶȴﵽҲҪϡ
ַ˫
ĪЩǣϾ²ֹ漣ʥҲûκϢ
ͷŷԶ챦ȫиӦʱӡܽṫڡַ岻ðգһԼ²ʧܣ漣ʥĬǣԼһ·

ҸӦӦܸӦǡ
ַٿسһ
ٶҲ޼£Ψһһ


֮ǰĳ侲ַ˷ֽȸУ漣ʥƽͬʱʧѹͷ˵ƭ˵ģַ˵ֻ̼졣
һһַӽϵ
ܿһ¹ȥӼպͫе֪ħռһƣʮʰæ漣԰ҪƣѪӰû𹥻ƾѪʺ򿾨ǿߣѾ췭ظ
ˡַԼյҪֻһ
һ̿ʹɱףͬʲô£Լյʵħʣһܵס
ӿٶȣַϵ
֮ǰԤƵʱ䣬¡Ѳࡣ
һ£൱
漣ʥķѹӡܣǰһһۺ뿪ھ򡭡ѾַܽһɫԼҶģΪĴ̫
漣ʥʵһ˾Ϳδܺͣ
Уͬɡ
~ַͷųԼûѡо漣ʥǾͱ뾡ϻصĬֻܽѪӰƽ٣ôİΣʼշڵһλ
ৣৣ
ʶͷ
ַ֮һ˲ʱӦһǿĿԶ֡ԼλòԶоַԶһ֣ܿ
ûУ
ûУ
ŭѣװ޴壬ôҲо漣ʥľ޽·ƾʧһ㡣һδεĸӦһδεʧַ˫
ȻԼˣ
ɶ񣡡ַȭ֮
ԽʱԽʧ˷磬ֻһ漣ʥԶ챦ϢԼһڶѾ뿪Ĭǣ紫ۼ漣԰᧿Σδٳ֡
һԣᳬɡ
ͷԷɡַ尵ૣ䲻Ͽ漣ʥѡûд漣ʥʵѵﶥ㣬ͻϵµǴβҰʵ
һսذɡ
ԣѡһ˾뿪ѹӡϢûκκôΪͷ׳Ϊʸ֮ġ
˲ò࣬ʱӢۡ
Ҳ˽



1182 ̩Դǽ
㣬Ѿȥʮ졣ַǵú
Ĭȥ򣬾֪·ߣڼһ˳漣ʥٶҲҪϡˣȴ൱ͷۣΪֻʣʮʱϵ
Լ댴æֱӷʥﳤǣٻص򣬵˲С
û취ֻаｻַ֡о
漣ʥԼصΨһѡ񣬳ҵɱ漣ʥȻʱԼٻĬǣȡᡣ
ڻȥǰԼбҪѪӰֽ
ʼա
񺿣ԱԴʯкõĶ࣬ǺħɥӶǿʮħ֮ףİ˵ѡ
ԽǿܳܵҲԽࡣоŷͬȼЧȱǿַ尵ޡ
ٿأַüë΢΢
Լƺһ¡
̬
ħѪͷź̬δһҪս֮Сǰһµĵ·ڰԽǿԽ࣬ҲԽΪ澧֮һԵ̡
ȷһ˵̬ܲܶ࣬ȴʮս

Ԥһµͻʱ䣬̺ܶࡣ
ܶ࣡
ַ
˲ʱ䣬ħħѪȫ̬
һԱ֪

仯
ַо̬ʩչһα漣ʥսʱǿ嵽Ｋ޺һͻƣͬج˿־壬ǿĿ־壡
ǰħ֮Ϊǿַҡ
Ϊħ֮ﵽʹú̬ĸǿܸһޣַȫѪڣһԽԽʱĳϵǿߣ
~~~
澧ҵģַֻ̤һ
ٶȴͻƣ
ϡַпЦʱעӼУһֻҲ̤֮һ֮ڣħɥ֮ٱ籩Ľ٣㲻Сܳܣһᱻش
൱Σա
ѹ˲ãȫַȫУȻ״̬ΣգԼȷ
һܳסַ¶
ʱ״̬ߵİһ뼫״̬

ԭһʱ䣬Բá
һַͺȷֻҪʮʱ䣬ϵɱͻƣ漣ʥûڵ򣬻֮жʮʱǾԵİȫȥʮ졭
ʮ졣
㹻ַʮƶ
ʮʱ䣬㹻ƽĬǣһаԼļƻʩСʵ϶ѪӰļƻԼͬôʵпᣬֻӵ㹻ǿʵܹıһС
ţ֮
Ӧֵλƺûжһֱԭصλã֡
ô
ǡ
ַδ̫⡣
Ͼߴͬһط̫ƩԼҲ
Ҳµ漣ʥ뿪漴ٿٶȱ廹Ҫ죡˵ʣϡ΢Ļʵʵɳپˡ
ֱԶޣ

졣
졣
ھ졣
ʱĺܿ졣
ַҧأԾ˵־ӲǻΪܣʵȽһӽޣԤеʮ죬һ졣챥ͣһˮװ㡣
~~~
ǵＫޡ
ַȴûаͣ¾㱸Դǽضɽҡ֮굽ͻƿ룬̩ǳתУ޾գתԴǽС
ʮ򱶵࣬޴Դǽһжڱ仯
֮꣬ԴǽԴͷģ̩ǳ򽫸ıԴǽ磡
⡢ף
һ̬ת䣬仯ԭԴǽȫڣһռ䡣̩ǳļת̩ʥ֮ĽϣԴıԴǽ硣
٣
µԴǽ磬µС档
֮ǰԴǽһŰֽھȾϹ⡢ɫʡһԭѧϰˣ½99%ľͶ⡢ֱԴ֮ϡ
ͬʱ֮걾Ҳı䡣
⵽ڡ
̩Դǽ磬ǿЧʸѣ͸ӦһµĲΡеһж仯ϵĴԱԴ֮Ϊ㣬ʵǡ
սֱ
ȫµıԴٲҪգ̩ԴǽѴڣɱΣǿʡǱϵͻƣսˣʩչ̬Ǿֻֿݡ
޵С



1183 
ַ岢δ뿪
һͻƺҪ㹻ɱԴǽȶתΪ㹻̩ԴǽһʱѵҪͷֻһɱԶޡ
൱Ĵڡ
Ծ˵һܼѣΪǵġꡯǿ󣬰Ҳˣʳǿֲ㣬ǾǵġԶҪͣ͵Ķࡣ
ǹƽģһһ̡
ȴͬĻַ屾ָͫʥԭȵĻں϶ɡ
˵ƿǿ׳壬ʥҲ׾١
һ̨ںˣȫı䣡
Դʯַֻ屾һС֣ʤͬȼʥߣӵǿѪ°빦Ѫɶξѣͻơ
һ˲
~~貵Ĺâ𣬴Ϊ֮𶯡
صĳĴʾ˿£ԶξʱĴʣǲóİ֮ʣͱͻʱ޼
ǰȺ޵ǿ׳ֻǸͻƾѾ߼Զޡ
ĳȣ㲻ֵһᡣ
ͬȼ±𶼵ÿվַһЦԼһɱȫԤϽʱϵƸ꣬չҵİ̬֮
һ죬̫Զ


ħɥһεħɥӣǿһˣַֻһ̤ɥĹأϵʵԺɨĬǡҪٹ˼˭ҲҪǨ˭
ĬǣȫĬ֮⣬ַԼվĬ֮ϡ
Σʵȼ
аʱ䡣ַ΢΢һЦ
Լ˵Ѿ㹻
һֱͣԭأЩ֡
ڵλӦеǴ֮ţš
ȥ￴һ¡
ַ徫
ʱ䣬һڹʧ

ţ
ַŸ̤ɥĹأյѶϢͬʱͫѶϢ
Զޣַ֮һĸӦմ͹ʶ棬ںħһͷȻ޴ɫġס״һޱȴִľ
Ѫַ循
޻Щ𣬵Ƿǳ֤Ѫ֮ͬѪѣѪ޴ͷԶʮǿ
¡¡¡
𶯣Ϊʼ䣬ͷԶ޵ͬضãƿԶޣ붼ΪͶ㶼Ǵۻƥ䱳ϵΪͬףǿᡣ
£ǿңǿսδӽشʱѪʺ򿾨漣԰ħһƬա
ᣬڹꡣַ尵̡
ͫʴ֪ⶥ޵ϣĬǴĶԶޣ˵츳ѪԶ޻кܶ࣬ڹѾǿ
ѪĴΪԶԶַڵڹĴͬ£ǿ޾ηɱħ֮Уͼתơ
ҲãһħַһЦ
˵ɱһͷڹ⣬ĳѸı䲻ʲôʵ֮ǰ漣ʥǿڵԼ
ɨƽһϰ
ݣ
ַӿٶȣֱȡǴ֮š
üͷ΢أӦȻһҲû֡
˰ɣַԺٿظֳڹģ֮һݡ

̤룡
˳ŸӦڣַǴ֮š
ضԼܿԣⱾƺǼĵ򣬵ϵ˵ͺվԹϸһУʲôΣջƶܿһ
ܿ죬ַ
λڣԽԽٿǰһַһƬ棬߸߶ѻɽ
ǣַɫһ
ӦǡǴֻڣ³ѷٿ˲ʱ֣׺ֱܿӸӦַǶѷ棬Զ챦ĹԷײ
ãַ尵ɲǼ͵ͷţʱըըѿʯɢַ廯һӰȡ˲ʱ˫סһһϢӰ
ɫΧƣƽ١
ʱɫһƬףϢޱٲȻ˲ᣬػֻ¡һغַüͷšɲǼ澧ָ޲ƽ壬һſʥιʳȥ
ݼȣƽǻָ۾
ʲôˣַ֣ʵ
ƽῪڣɫһ޵ĺᣬڹ꣡



1184 ܿǾܻص
ܿ죬ַ˽ⷢʲô
ͷڹһֱǴֻϢĴˣʹơϢķԴӳ
ֱƽٵƬž
ڹڹϢͬʱҲһʶľǿʵǿвزʱѡвƣϵ
֮һսƽʹѵǧ֡
ƲĹǷûκȡʤܣϵϵϮƽձϣػӹһ١
ʦڹΪ棬ʵʤϵǿߡƽٵѪиеͣڹ죬ı첢ǳƫȥǼǱѪʱħΧˡ
Χޣַһ
ƽٵ߻һ·˳һ·޲һ·οͬԲҲżʣڹ֮ΪһԵɺ»ˡӡ
ʲôӡַ岻
ƽٵݹżأسʮޣʮؿޣеޣԶ޶һؿ޵ĺᣬʮ֮һ
ַ˼
ӡʲôƽٿͣ
ţַܺ档
ҲƽһЦַ岻Ȼƽٵ˵֪ʲôʱħǿȫӲûһǿƵÿĹףɱħʡ
󣬵ڹһս
ַͷЩʲô
ʲôûƽٵ޺޲ͬϲɱ¾Լ˳ȻԾһսڹʮֵ͵˭Ҳκβö֮
Ϊվޣû뵽ڻš
ƽĿһǧҪСģͷڹʵ൱¡
ģַƽٵļ򣺡úˣܿ졭Ǿܻصˡ
ƽص㡭
ַ΢΢һЦ
δԣʱ缲۹뿪Ǵ֮š

ȥ硣
ضַ˵ͬ裬û̫Σԣַƽ˵ġڹꡯ൱ȤͷǧϹħ͵һ֧ǹͨȺ
ʵԶ漣ʥ£
Ѿţ߾ǿߣֻǼޣڹ¾ѳǧ꣡
˵޲ϲɱ¾ϲϲһ£һ¡
ڹֲʱֻ̣Ҫ嶯֮飬֮Ҫ붯˼ҲѡħͳĬǣش滹֮أ
ӡַ˫һС
Լ֪νӡʲôӦǸöȻǧǰħۺ졣ǧǰûܶӡڵԼ
Ҷַ֡
ԼδСڹ꣬ͬҲ̫

ֱȡħ
ַ磬¾ħطҪȥҲνǰ̤ħĿһƬ޾סȫħĴӪج֮ء
ǿڴˣǿڴˡ
ЩǴİ֮ħǿתɣµĻѾܼ˺˵زѰ̤κιߣ֮һѹ
漣ʥħʽսֻҲ׶༪١
֮һ˵ȴ°빦
~ɢȫ谭ϵַζѾԶԶЩַ֪ͨͨħĵ·ȥѪӰȥ
ڹꡣ

ɱɱɱ
ħУ;޴ĵڹǰ̹ѹңħ屻߱ɱʱħе̻ʣսˣһ˫֮ʵȴǵڹ֮С
ħʱƣ޵֡
ʮĻΣʮʵߵ貮ھŵͬѴɱ¾ħǿߣռݾϷ磬Цдˬ
Щħ湻ģ
ǻ˵ĶֶûУ~
սپӮⳡħҲһˣһ˭Ĭǿߣ
ͳ£ǿ߸ǿƷ
ħƴ̻ǿ֧ţۿⳡħ彫ٴεİܱٿء
䣡~~
һֲ



1185 ǲ
ǵ
һѺɫ֮ž˰֮ԴܺȻ
ǿסʮʵߵ貮ĻɫۼںڵȻʧɫ貮ɫ䣬ͼȴΧûܿռ䣬һει̶һСΧ
߳
һϡ
貮Ȼͫ޾֮Դӿֲ֮ʶȫħ廹ǿߴ˿̶ˣһĿ࣬貮Եӣʮеھŵǿߡ
ȻϬ˫ֻΪ޾ǣո־޴ˮȴէȻֹ
ɫâȻһɫĴӣħٶ֮һ˲ѵǰӻæǷȴһݺݵײˣ˫ȫ顣
ɶ񣡡ŭɶŸ滺͵ĵɴ۾ȻŰա
֪ʱǸͺڵѳͷϷ
࣡Ъ˹˻𣬳ʡ
ȴõĿߣǰԡ
䣡
ַĹԵס
ǰֵʸûУͬȼַ嶼ʤΪϵԴĲٿأȽȫԽǼһ׵Ķսһֻϰס
𣡡
ʮĻŭˣ׹ľ޴ޱȣʮƽ䲻·ôͬһߣۼʱɱݺʱŭ쳣

һڵըѶųַ塣
һ룬ȴȫ͡
޻þַͷͷȫ֣ʱǲײ࣬Ӱħף󴦹ħͫħӣִڵû˻Ц
ΪǿУַһħ
۲۵Ķħ
ɡʮĻֱַӷʶ޻þԸħ˵ս֮գۼʾС
ħˡ
Ϊǲ֪Ϊʲôǡ
־ˡ
Ϊͳǵʣȫⲻ֪ðɾնɱ
ˣַɫȴûб仯
Ŀ겢ʡ
Զԭǰĵڹѻعͷ۾ɫâӣ׿ϵĵͫϬ޴һɽԺǿо
Զޣ
ڹꡣַĿʼֻһɱֻĶǰǧ֣һʵɲ⣬ԼֳĽֻһս
ˣ൱¡
䣡ͫħɥӴַзɳûа㼼ɣƾ㹻ǿʮҲӲӣڹȴֻǰͷصĹ֮С
ǰ᧣绯ʯһɫ׿ǣȻǿķϵĵһҲؼ׿Уɫɫâӣ˲һװײڹ걻ǿĳײġشһȥֻ˲ʮױͣ¡
ɫһ˿ѷ춼ûУۼҲ
ħ˫
ַĹһ˽һˣԶĹڹᣬҲûа㷴㣬һŷ·˭Ҳκáַ幥ǿʼ޷Ʒ
ͫħɥӻħ˫޹
ޡַһ
ƽԼǧǰħΧ˵ڹҲ⾰ڹڹȫħǿһ취ҲûУЩǿҪȴ˵ڹϡ
һ
ҧһڣɲǿЦġ
޻þַתʽþĹȴһըͶ벨ĺˮʲôҲըڹľƽͻǧΪ
ַĹʧܣʹǿϣ֡
Ƕһ·ŵڹɱħƵңûʲôܵס֮ǰʱɱʿȴĺĹǲʣ
棬ڹ꣡
棬ɱ࣡
λʴ˱ѩޣɶ˵Ų
޳ܵ࣬Ȼ壬ú
߿ŭѡ
ַܴ죬ʿ֮ħȴЩɵһ֪ǰĳֵʲô˼Ƕڵڹʵǿ־ġ
һͷĹ

ַڵڹ⡣
ֻһˣȴȫڳħǿߣڹꡣڵʵڹǧΪֻҪ¶ͷоأʩչϵ츳
Ҳֻ
һ֮·ǲġַɲȻħѪؿڴħֲѪȻ
̬


1186 ӡ
ħħ£ַɱⶸ֡
Ѫɫ˫ͫǰħ֮ıصΪʹźħ츳ؼϵһʩչδ̫谭޴ֻıǼ
Ϊ㳬Ǽһֹ
ϵսֲ
䣡~
ǰ羪˵ƣΧһǿߵľܣ·һħĽ٣ǵڹǶһΪַеһּɵ
ޣûʶ
ҲΣú£ÿ־壬ȻڹҲ뵽ⳡս

ڵɫâִأַصȻɢۻŵٽΧǿߺȦ֮⣬˲ᣬҹеޣַ͵Ŀ粽սһǳ¡
߳
ڹطûз
¡¡¡
ƴһַȫħɽѣʯХħӲһ޴ӣڹλӵײ
䣡䣡䣡
ַ·йƵģַ·֤ԼϵĹһ˫Ѫɫ˫ͫԷǿµսɱΧħá
ڹһλԽԽ£ħĴ㱻ǧ֮£
ؾΧžַĿֲʵħǿߺȻѣʵûС
~
ַա
ڵְ֮ԴֲСǻ˵ڹ꣬ʵ򡭡ˡڹɿϵķ츳ˡ
ȻΪᣬղÿһɱһʣȴֻһ˺׶δơַǧǰħôΧڹģϵѺƣοǼ
ûҳ֣ⳡսħֻֽ¿ַԴǽڰ֮Դӿ
Ѹͷţڵħѹʽ
ýˡַ߾ڵ
̻һ
ǿɱУȻ
ϵ״̬µı֮Ǽȫ£ʮֹħаڶͻַ̣¯֮࣬ǰĹ޷ƿڹķһС
ԼоԵģ
䣡Դ֮سģַȫ̻һĳ־ɷ񷣬ռ䶼𶯣ַ֪һƿڹĹףڴʱһĻˡ
ڹɫסһƬֳ·Ȼͬһӡǣɫʣ˲ʱһ޴ʯΧ׽סڵڹϷһӰӣ˻
ޣ䣡
߳ͣ
̻һĹǿƥɺӰӣֱ䵽֮ϣַüͷһšڵ˲ǿ
䣡
ַ屻޴󷴳ˣʯǵײһʱͣա
ӡԭֿеӡַ岻ŭϲޱȣԼǵһμΣ۽磬֮û˵ԼڹӡȻǵС
ѪַǺ档
𣡣
´ڹŭ˻ǧѾ壬ղһȴΪķˣ
ԴӾѻӡѾˡʹʲôо
ڣǵˡ
Ӱ֣ӡЩ΢΢۵Ĺףڹӵص֮³뱩ŭһֱ򲻻ֵҪҪݺݵĽѵǲ֪ô࣡
ٿأڹ귢ЩԾһɸµϢָǿĺڰеưԵס
ǰѸ߾ٵĺɫսƬεĶɲǣ
Īĺ⣬ĵ
ħаػַȫ԰ս߶ϵصİħ֮ԴΪ͵ĺаΪ˴ħа밵ħ״̬ʶħû
ַˣΪİħ֮Ϊȫħаػ֮ϡ
ʵΪ־һˮɡ
һûжȻȻͷţ״̬սַ覵ʩչһУԵصİħ֮ΪɼԦһ
˺˿ռ䡣
䣡
˿ֲĵĴݻӰһ˲ڹĹףһɡзɢŵڹѵĹףһƬ֮ꡣ
ӡֱַƬƬ֮꣬һľɫȻĿ
ž
εĴֱ֣ץ



1187 Ȩø
ӡַǺĴ塣
һƾƱʯ壬̲ŸӶǿҵԼоĴڣⲢǵıԴһֻ϶ֱԴѪɵ塣
ǡϸһ
ôַ̽⣬Լȫ޷͸
Լɻܵڹ꣬ǿĹף޷ƻӡһͨһƽ𣬿ӵУҪƻȴûôס
˼ַ岻һЦ
£ħǿ߽㵡
ۼһ֪ǿߴ룬ɱʣʼ涼ˣʵֲеı飬ȫ֮ϵǿǽά衣
ħ屾ǵжԣ֪ǰൽҪʲô
˫Ŷ˭Ҳվɷ֣֮˭ֻ֪Ҫǿģ˵һҲ֡
գŶΡ
ǿħһԣǿ߸潩ֲ£ڴʱ
ৣ
ַӰһ漴ʧ
ħԭأʱֹͣɲǣٿȺ͵תһƴǼ

ַȷ뿪ˡ
ûȤսοʺ͵ڹֻ꣬ʣһЩϺзħ֣սʤʵѷ֣ħսҲһ
漣ʥܣڹ걻ɱѶ
Ĭǵʱ䣬ʣࡣ
~ַӰһž֮أħԼеġӡ̲ǿĲ֪壬Լϲ֮С
ǿӹɣڹΪӡʵ
ӡкܴһǡߡϡַ尵䲻֪ӡʲôߺıһؼ֮ϡ

޴İɱΪԶ޺󲻽ѪǿᣬǿȶԶޣо޴ԾΪصĳ˳е֮·һƽ춨ȹ̻
ˣַ˲ʱĶо
֮飬ӡһͷ䣬֮صĴرԴƣӡ˲䣬ӿ룬ֱ֮ͨڣ
ãַоӴϢӿ롣
ҪԼĻǣֻ˵ǿвͣİ޶鷳ʶᱻɸı䣬ʱ̫ǿıδǺãҲҪܷܵˡ
ںһضҪߣȨø㡣ַ
ʱ䣬Դʯ֮Уػ֮

ڹҲףĻӡѾǼ£Ҫȫں̫ѡַĵʱƲ롣
ԼûڹӦǻԵɺ»ӡӵȱﲢϡ棬ڹҲΪӡޣϾһСһ˿Ѫ
ڹӦñҪϵĶࡣַףӡδԼĺһԲģڹҪӡ̫ѣ屾С֮·
ԵڹÿӡһҪ˯ãָͨա
ˣʵԻʵͻơ
ףĻʵַ̫尵ڹӵаĻ飬ѽϵҲԽԽǿѡ֮·Եڡ

漣԰
ĴӪɵһ򣬵ڶ͵Ƕ
ͺħһľơ
һƣζĬ
ס
ħǿ߽룡
԰
һǿҧгݣƴȫħ彻档
ʱħ徫񾡳Ѫʣ򿾨ΣĽǿһأףѪأʬѻɽħѽ漣԰һϵĹ̽ߣĵܡ
Ĭ㾡ȫæ漣԰ѱơ
ɱɱЩ࣡
Ĭħģΰħģ
𣡺𣡺𣡣
ħǿԽսԽ
ۺʿǣ֮ǿǿ֮ĩҲ̶ãأǿ߼ȫһѪƴһɱ¾һһľ
䣡ѪһȣٴնɱһĬǿߡ
ɱ
Уħǿ߲ϳ
ʱһӰޱעⳡսȴ֪Щʲô
ַ塣



1188 
࡭ַૡ
漣԰Լȷʹޣ͵һδεĴףĬ࡭ԼʹޡклǵˣĬͬĬǵļԼѣʵǺ͵ಢû̫
ȻӦ˰ѪӰԼҪվħһ
ΪԼһˡ
һѪȲбħǿߣϸоκιУô˵ԼĵͲϲħ塣
ųɡַ嵭ȻһЦվϿգŵɱħǿߣȷⳡսѾƫħһôֶħҪڶʱڻˣ¡
ʵ˭ǿ˭ѾҪҪġԼġ
Լȫƿⳡս
ַһо
Լû̫ԥʼԼ뷨ûиıӵҐޱضǰٷְٵԼģϲǱϲʹޣҪء
ĬˣҲˡ
ʱ򣬸ѪӰúһˡַӰ漴뿪

ħ
ˡѪӰ
ˡַѪӰǰ
һƬڵĻ԰ֲħĻ䣬ͬѪбʯϵľƺַԼһСһѪӰδڣַһ£ѪӰȻǡ
̹ȻһЦַһ£漴Ʊµ˵΢Ц¡
ǸѪӰ͡
ô롣ַ
ùôѪӰ䡣
ַҡҡͷұǻݻ֮˵ȥ漣ʥ棬ɡ
ѪӰЦûǰҳȥ漣ʥ棬޷һͳĬǣʳȥǡʲô壿
Сַ
ѪӰĿĿԡ
··ʯҲǡַҲֹһͳĬǣմӦȻЧжңԲ𱨣ͬһͳĬǣȴкַܶ
˵ѪӰ
ַͷѡ񣬵һһƬĬ࣬һὫȫ룬Գһʣ岻ҪɱҪ㴦á
ڶأѪӰ
ַ΢΢һЦܼ򵥣ֻҪΪµ漣ʥˡ
ޣѪӰͫ


漣԰塣
Ĭ֮ף漣ʥ껱ǳ壬⣬峤Ĭأλһʿأʮλ⻹ǿߣҲǿߣ漣ʥߡ
ǵ֮ǿ
޾£ܶҡ
գȴ֮ɵĴ壬ԴݿʵݻĬ֮ס
ʵʩߴδģһ峤ĬַɫĮʴȣΪǵļƻµرƻأ򼸺ը
漣԰Եȥĵǣ
ƽҧгݣһɱʧȥսĳĬ
֣ǹôַ
նݳԵûʲôʴȵġƽɫ㲻ɱʣȴȥ
˵ûַһЦ
ʱڣһӰܳ
ѪӰ˫жûУһѪɱ֡
壬𡣡ѪӰ쳹ڴ֮ϡ

ţɻ壬壬i壬̲󳾡
һҹ֮䣬ַĬ壬пڣǿȫɱƽԣĻҪϣо仰ƶʺڵࡣ
漣԰ʱýˡ
Ĭ壬Ҳʱ˳Ĭˡ
ԩͷծַԲɱ޹ĬӴʧ

ͿˡַѪӰ˵
ߡѪӰ䣬ʱ뿪

漣԰
һҹ죬Ĭȫɱһǿ߲Ա᧿Σ漣԰˵جΣħ幥һǿһΣ౾͹ӲдĬ嶼໹ʲô᣿
ÿǿ
־ӣǽ͡
ʱħһεĳѸײڶ֮Ҫ漣԰ࡣ
Ѫʣ򿾨ս뺷ˣһ˾ĽףҫǿߣʼǿߣǱħǰʮǿߴ仨ˮûеڹֻһȺں֮ڡ
һΣħ嶯ˡ
ħǰλħǿ߼ȫ룬ƽõǿ·ˡһǿ߱ɱħţһʰ
ĽˣˣҫˣһͿء
ħ漣԰
ǣȫʤ



1189 㲻͵
۾漣԰Ĭ帲ûĹǡ
ʵǴˣҪʿģĬĬػ񣬾սȻͦĬ²ɶҡӡ
Ĭ壬Ĭ
ַڵһɻȱ
ڣˡ
ʧ漣ʥʧĬ壬ĬκӮĿܡУƽ˫ֻء
ѪӰΪħǵһ̣ĬѾעʧܡַ
ƽЦЦҲǣѪӰֶΣҪԸĬ練ơ
ҵİæٵ鷳ߺܶ·ַ
ƽٵ˵æһʼǴģ
ַҡҡͷңһʼͲΪ˶ԸĬ塣תͷƽ٣ַм֪֣ܲڼǰʮҾѪӰʱʵԶ֮ϣҪɱ練ơ
ƽپâһ˸ڵѪӰӦˮݣ֮ǡ
Ҳǡַ̾Լ̫ݣݵһĺħ壬ѹ쐻ߵħһѹںϾħѪ
˼ǡƽٳ
ҵˡַЦһ
ˣƽüͷһšʲô˼
ܼ򵥣ҵɼУֻĵˣ׷ϣϧһеҪҡַһ֮󡭡ֻе飬ʧȥĿֱ꣬ٴγԽ
ƽƶǶ
ַЦͺñһȺͨڽһܣѪӰǰ֪һλ֮ôܣֻǰܣ㣬֮󡭡ҡ
ˡƽٻȻ
ַ漣԰սȻ鲻ĳ˵ǵѣһ˵ǵĵˣһŲ֪ʱըҲ֪ը˭ֻߡһƵ
Ҳûκΰ취ƽٵΪô㡣
ǰַ̾һٿЦЦʵҲδһ£һֱڱ׷㣬Ͳͣ½ŲӰ˼ΣǶ벢
ƽǻ𣺡׷ģɲֹѪӰһ
㲻һַЦ
һұ仵Ҳ˵һƽü
Ц
ѪӰ΢ĹϵȣַƽپѣԱ˴ԸǳϤֵܡ
ĬҪֲ֧סˡƽ·
ƶʱĬʱޱ޼ʵĺ󣬿ץһݡַû˻⣬ѩ̿ȴļ䣬ʱվĬġ
Ϊµ漣ʥһõĬ෢ĵĳݣ
ַ
Ŀ漣԰սѪӰճħеغ۲ͬʱһװ磬ģħδġĳ漣԰Ȼ
һꡣ
²࣬廹ʲôֻҪܾĬˮ֮УĬ඼ѾںοѪӰĵȷȷһɡͦɱħʱΪս㡣
𣡺
һħǿΧѪӰи򿾨ʡ
߰ɣַ֡΢΢һЦһ֮񡣡
û⡣ƽˬʶЦ

ƣͻת
ħ漣԰ɱǰЭǿߣĬʧأΪʤеʱ򣬺ɱһҧѪӰħӭͷʹ
ַƽٰذѪӰ磬Ϊľ»ɱ򿾨ʣشѪʡ
Ĭȵ׷ϣ⡣
ħȴֻţѣѪӰǿ޿ƥУħıɱڶ򿾨ʶɱ׵Ѫʱشȴ漣ʥܡ
棬׷ת
Ĭˣ˷ܼѣϲõˮһսǿȴʹֻɵɵЦšѪӰ漣԰ϿգһȺĽ
ĳһǣĬࡣ
ˡƽЦ
ĬǾڰɡַһЦ
ѪӰֶκܿΪĬʱҲҲƿħ壬Ĭȫ֣ΪĬˣ̫ϻʣ塭ֵһᡣ
ҰĵͷţľȵĿħƿĬǸѡ
㲻ǡ͵ƽٵ
ַһЦ
ѪӰȨôóԸԼԵǼ¡ĬҪʵҲޣԼϵΪϵǿߣܿ졭ʵͻὫȫ˦
߰ɡ
š



1190 Ը
漣԰һۺַƽٱǷֿ
˴кļ䣬ѣи飬ҲһЩص򣬽кܳһʱ䲻ٻĬǣʼգһжһ
һַʽν
Լ棬Ҳ漣ʥ˵һ죬ַǵߵӣڷص漣ʥǷº󵽴
һֻһ
ַ̤巵
ﲢûбսһƬ̤ĸо漣԰ãϤСĬսδȫַ˵һжѳ䶨ٲκΡ漣
ԼҲʱá䶨
ˡַԺиֳǵٻӰ֪ʲôʱ֮΢㺣ϲҲǰ߽УҐޣַԲӱԼģϲϲûʲôء
ʮ޵磬˶Լһֱͬģ벻жҲãվҲãЩѾҪ
ˡӰӺڰг֡
ˡַ
üһأĳǿߵڣȴΪ
¸ġĿǰĴС棬ûܵκˡ
ַ΢Цͷ
漴粽롣

ҫأ
˴ˣһҫСӳɹ񡣡
ˣСӵѡѾǳεǱԱ
Ҫĸľϸϣ˹Ŀ

һҫǿ߻һãؽκԶ˪ƾҶģ޵ӣڻ𣬴ѩ½ҫҫ˲żüãջСӵȫΪҫ
ʵǿλߵıˡ
Ҳһ֮ңһϮ£λϸһݷݱ棬޳Ľë΢ɫ촽ӫΣĶͣһ覣ûа覴ãͶɢŮ˵
СģҵǷأͷҲ̧
һƬ
ţЩ΢΢죬̧ͷ
һ˫鶯ԶٿؼԶϤӰЦݣɲǼѩڻ˾ϲоϲã˵
Ըôˣַ΢΢һЦֱǼϤĺɫӰ
һƬȻ
˵ɴ۾ţ½ôֱͥ󰮣
Ҳǡ
ҧӣЩ΢΢糺죬һ˫Щ֣ǷĵϲַĿ⣬ԼϲӲǷݰĽ֮⣬ַ֪һʼûʲôоûз
ʮ޵磬ĬĬΪţ졭
ڵȵˡ
Ը⡣¶ȼµЦݣ衣
һ̵Ůˡ

ˣַԲˡ
Լݣ磬Ĭ࣬еһжȫ̶ԼϲûǿԸһԼȻãܡ
ء῿ַϣ޳Ľë΢΢˶㼵Ӧţƺһжںġ
ԸߣַЩ˵ķӦ
ķӦϿ˵ǡ޷Ӧ
Ը⡣ǺЦҸУһ¶ǣ޹ңΨһǵҵʦֻʮ޺ӡǷء
ûϵԺҾˡ
̧ͷַ壺ֻһҪִ硣
ʲô
׼ʼޡ


ʯԣС˻һá
û뵽ָ羹Ȼ˽һˡҶĵ
ʲôϡġ޵Ʒžƣҡͷԣ㿴ϲӳôصƿ
ѩ˵ʯϵľƣһ¡
ȶˣѩڻ
Ҷָɫѣ˺кֱӹƭ˽ܣˣ
Сģڱ˵һҶ˽ȻȴһһŮԶЦɷǵǶԣϲЦգַˡ
ָ磡Ҷĵɴ۾
˽㣡
˴ϲ
ʱΧַһ뿪Ǻܾá
Ǿף˵ĻַҲܿģѲ࣬ҶǶǴʮʶģһֱڣ˴˼źꡣ
£ȴ˷ա
⣬˻ϲǣ䱾ˡ
һҪҸޣָ磬˽㣡ҶЩȴǺܿġ
˵޵Ȼ˽ڶҸСˣҿɴû˽ģ
ŬŬǣһ
ַЦЦĿɨˣٿ˵һ𣬲֪ʱǴҲԵһСС⣬ϣܴǵԸ˵ţַȡöָһһöǰ



1191 
Ȼѡ
ָ磬ѾܶˡҶҡ֡
ǰӳû˽ڿܻƾ޵ӵ
ˣҲƴˣͳȥĶҿûջȥҵ֮ĸ顣ַЦ͵Ϊҫ˾ǰѾͷкֱ֮ȥС

ʱ
ˣʱ˵ټˡַԷˮ֮ˣ߻ҪߣһۣĶЦһһӵǿˣвʪۿǡѩ
ãԼҪౣء
šѩҧݣҲҪҸ㡣
Ťͷַһۣ¶΢Цһġ
ݵۣǱ롣
ҶǸˣЦףַˣϾֻҪŬʵԽԽǿټĻᣬȥˣ˸̾ѡ
ٿء
ʲôڻɫ䡣
ôˣ޵ӲĿֻڻõַĴָ
ڻɫŹ֣Լ
˾첻⣬̲鿴ԼĴָ޲һ
10ս
Ҳ10ս
Ҷĺ޵𾪲ѡ
10սһ൱Ӵ֣ǿֻҲûңһƷϼѵĳƷʥֻ1000սһƷʼѵĳƷʥ1ս
ַݴʵء
˾ϲޱȣΨһûڵǴѩЩӣΪĴָСԶ10սҪĶࡣ
ҧݣѩĿ롣

ִԴѩƺرޡȵİһۡ
Сǲַͬ
˵ʵҲøðﴵѩöһ㣬ϾŮӡ
ַͷдѩҪԴ࣬ߡַĿ˸˸Һʹѩʶ磬ʶ磬Ҷǡиĸ顣
˿һЦθС
ַٿݸҲôһɡ
ֻһô
š
ģ
š

˵ʱ䣬ǱȽϽա
Ͼսδ඼ʹãͨصһЩܶʱ䶼Ҫ˷ڸ·֮УַȻҪһѾɣЩҪ
硭ǰˡ
ııַԲ˵յĸϾɱ飬ɱ˾һأڸ˵ֻ̤ˣ漣԰ҫƽƽľӢǿˡ
ʱ򣬸ʧˡ
ҡַ˵
šȻһЦŮ˲̫࣬Ҳ̫࣬ҪֻǾ顣˵ĺ棬һɱڰػŮˡ
ʷĳ֣֡
͵ʮɱɽƣֻǽյַʵ̫ǿԶԶˣĬǿȫϣ
ˣ޴ڱҪ

漣԰һκ䶯
Ĭ֮˶γһ԰ֻʣҫٲȻѳΪ½ͷҫַкܶ಻ͬôҫʼɳĵط
֪֮Ըñ
ȥһҫ׻ô˵
ûҪַ΢΢һЦˣǷҫ˵ģ֮ǰѾȫ塣
ءס
ӶЦ漴뿪
ʱյ漣԰Ѿ漣԰Ĭȫĳ
졣

Ϊʮ޻ô˲
ţܶ࣬ʮ޵ı׼ﵽڵ߶޼ַ
˼ĵͷ
֮ǰĬļңķؼʥҩƷӦ̶ܴܺأ˷һ֮ǱĬı䡣ַ
Ĭջ൱񣬼˵Ĳ㹻úһӡ
µĸ߿Ƽŵܿкǿߵ¼ãµڱıԵָжξ롣
Ĭı̫ߵȣķؼҲ̫ģִҪ²ɹһʺϵġ
סַͷﴢָԣĬõս׼ȫ⡣
Щ̶֥С¾ͽҰɡ΢Ц
áַһЦ
ϸ֮£˱ԼʺϵĶࡣ
գߵ˵ͷ֪ô

˷ֵæַࡣ
漴ǰһ𲢼սҪ뿪ôԵ͞s칫ǵ𣬱Ͼһѣڅ빲ҲǹĽ顣
ѣŮ
룬˸Уַǰ
Ѫ¥פء


1192 
ʮѪ¥һģܱȣѪ¥ȴƵֵһᡣǿѪ¥ѪɭΨһĿǿߡ㲻ռһϯ֮ءʮ򣬺һ԰ɰŲԶ
һϮ£ȻǵӰϥΪѪ¥Ѫ¥ΨһĿǿߣѪɭʱ޿̲ʵ
ĿǾǳΪǿ߲Ѫ¥Ϊһ԰ɰ֮һ
Σл
һδսѪ¥ĺûᣡ
Ѫɭᶨִš
ɱֳжⶼϣ
ûٿأֱŵѪɭɴ۾겻ǣתͷһѺذ׹ϴ̳Ӧ͹ٶȶǼ졣
ذǰ·һǽ̲ȥ

ذдѪɭ¶־֮ɫδ˿ʵǿߡǰһѪɫâѹˣѪɭһȴȻһƣϤơ
ѪɱѪɭ
ž
ѹٿʧѪɱӰ£ѪɭУһͨͨѪɱѪɱǡ
ʮ޵Ѫɱ
⣡Ѫɭס
һμ棬Ѫ¥ҽַ塣ַ΢Ц֡
Ѫɭ
ѪɭգЩãȻ
ḻ֪µʵжֲԷҪɱֱ練ƣֻԷƺûе⡣ľ˳ŶԷ˼Ƿ˼
õģҲẦ㡣ַָָѪɭеѪɱʵʮ޵Ѫ¥
ৣ
Ѫɭʱ𣬲Щϲ
ǰ㡭ԷݣѪɭȻа㵡˲֡
ʵǰǿǰǫһãʹϵ
ûʲôֻкַ΢ЦѪɭһ̧һöָǷɳѪ¥չףҵͷѪ¥ʲô鷳ֱҫˡ
ҫˣ
ѪɭЩ١
ŷչʲôûк̨Ĭ壬ֻ̱ʣҫһ֦㣬ܱҫˣѪ¥ܺȻվȽŸ
⣬һսҸѪ¥һЩַЦ
1100ڣѪɭŵŴ졣
侲ҲѱƽģѪ¥Ŀǰս10ڣ100սͶ룬Ѫ¥ķչһɳ죡
Ǹġַȡħ͸Ѫɭ
ʥǿӦû֡
ַ˵ħѿпޡ
ʵϵǼ缦ߣѪɭͬıԵһ𲽵Ľžܽʵü
⣬⡭Ѫɭ˵
ַշȻһЦ
ˣڡַ֮Ȼ뿪Ѫɭཻ̫顣
Ѫ¥ֻΪ֮
лǰѪɭַȥķϹʱޱȿ٣г⡣
뿪Ѫ¥ַȥմ̻һˡ
ʱգС磬лĻǵð̻һѡַ岢û˾ͽ᳤ԣ֮ӿȪ౨Ѫ¥մ̻ĴΣҲֻԵһѡ
ˣմ̻˵Ƕͬ졣

ܿ죬ʱǹȥ
ַ˻һʮޣʦͽپޣȴΨһԸˣĬȫ˽ᣬĬ࣬ħ壬֮㽻ѪӰԼ
ϲִҲãִҲã¡
ʱ򣬻صˡ
Ǹˣˡַ
˸ִƺû¡
ַңԶĿЩʡ
Һ֮䡭̫Ľ塣ַ૵ܲңֻߡԲʱ򡣡Լ֮ͫĹϵ̫ӡ
ϣҡ
˴ԶҲ޷ϵ
ʱȥ塣
ԣˣƽ⣬мպ֮Լַͫ岢ȥһħӸλ԰ԼĬǣѪӰСͫ
~~
â֣ռ类˺ѣһ֮š
ʹأһǰַѾ֪ጴõkæ޸ʥؿл԰ӵͱΪ˫͡ĬǲҪȫƿ̫Ƿο
˫͸㡣
ַд㣬ȥĬǽΪġ硯һĥµʥء
ৣৣৣ
ƽ٣ˣһһַתͷԶңԶǵɫӰ΢΢һЦ֣漴Ҳǽ롣
~
ߣһ̣˦ҡûôסѪӰһЦ



1193 ĵ
ڻؼ~ƽٱ۾ſ˫۸ŴȻ
ǰˡַһЦ
ԼΪмԸдûôǺԼһս103꣬19ʱĬǣѾս111꣬27ˡ
ʱ⣬˵ǲͬ
΢
û뵽Ǵ˵еĵ򡣡ЩţΪأǿߣĬ֪Ȼ
ԣҵļ硣ַ΢Ц
磬ǿǿ󲢲ҪҪǡĵĹޡ
תͷˣȻЦûκ֮ɫĵЦԵһС˵޼漦޹湷ΪһŮԵԷΪء
ʱ⣬գ۷š
ĵǴٱ֮ǰߵٶȣԪڣǳԽ˵޳ǿĻ𼶹ޣɼһͷͷ׼Ԫޣսˡ
Ԫǿʵ

Ԫǿĵǿ
ַ߳ԶһµںһȺ𼶹ޣʵǳƺż⽣ңܿȾƬһ˫˵ĿбƳַһۣŰͲм漴ȥ
СӾ㣬ϴ󣡡ֺ
˿һЦȻȡ
ַȴ˫Ŀ
ǿƼôյ
šַͷԲһСһʶǳ70%ߵĻǻƼ·ߣԼ൱Ծ
ͬ߿Ƽ֮·M˺˵˾˭ܺȣ
˵˾꣬ꣿ
ĿƼչ찡һԵƽٸ̾

ಣಣ
ӰԪسǵķ򡮻ۡ
һǰĹû֪ͨκˣַƽٵٶȣգ۾ܻصԪسǣԡˡĿ۲һĵջС
еְƽٸ̾
ַȳ70%ıȱȽǣ󲿷ֶǻǿߡ
֮ǰĻǿ߲ͬƽٵ
ַͷûԪ֮ģʲԭĻǿ߲
֮յ
֮
ǿӵսиӶ䣬
Ĭǣħó
û뵽ռĹ֮չһϵ֮·ַ޵Ĳ֮ǰԼڻƳõ֮Ϊ΢֮·Уõ֮ǿҪ󷴶ߡ
ǿߵܹؼ
ܵסܻøǿ
Ԫ֮ĵĴڣȻǿսͬʱҲӴѶȣĻǿ٣ֳ֣һԹ֮ǿһʳҺֻҺȡ
˭ģַ֪
ǻۣ޾

ĹŹǡ
ľǸٷչάŻĹŹξõģǿ߱˲֮ء
ǰͻȻġ԰ΪԳػĹŹѪӼңңңҵȹϼһͬĵһ֧֣԰ڶ̶ٷչֱԪˡ
ļ԰
ļ԰
꣡
һڻǿź
԰ڣһƬ߿ƼĻء
ļ⽣ǹһɫµѵУִ⽣Ļͷ۾ǻӺϰҪ̹٣вӵн̳̣߲ܾõʦ
УһĻұǱ԰Ľ
һЩԪ˶ֻΪСĴڡ

Ԫء
񷱻ʢǰΪʱķؽ죬ڴٷչԪسΪģԪ˵ĴǮͶ£ϻַ⻷֣ѳΪ֮ء
ǻľǣҲ޷Ԫ
Ԫ˱ƿضʥ鼰Ѷڻ֮⣬Ϊ֮ʱյԪأֹл񣬸ŷ˵˲ţᣬѪȵȡ
쵼£Ԫ˵۷塣
ΪĸףַʵǿԪжģ֮ǰڻǴԪ񣬹˳µĽԪ֮λ
졢ҶɣȹǸɣַһ100%֧硣
ԪڴСѲ߰ء
ৣৣৣৣৣ
ӰӰ£ΧһƬ֮̾
ַˡ



1194 µ㰡
ôȥƽЦַ塣
㡣ַЦЦ
εĽǣŤݰ㣬ַҪζ׾١ĿˣѺ䶯֮ڵ׹ַĵ
þûˣߵʱȫһƽٸַ̾壺뵱ͨˣ߿
⡣ַͷ
ԼҲ뿴ڵĵʲôõİ취ĪڴСӽЩʵڡ΢΢һЦǲ⣬һķ粻ڰ㣬ںڰ֮УֶʱǼᣬǺ档
Ҫ֤ͨʲôġƽٵ
Ǽϣҵǵ·ӴܰǴֵ
޴ձɫһ࣬Ҫŭȴֻǿ̣ŬŬ죬ۣҲһʵͼձȴ̫Զһ
Եȣȥɱˡ漴
òšַЦһָǰֱӽȥС
һ㵡
Щַ˵ĳƽԲõģȻ˺Ⱥ˽ȥصСӾͷ·ʯûκ
ƽٸ̾
ò˶ãҲеġַЦЦֵ츳֮Ϊڡ
һУ漴Ԫء

ַ׳ʡ
ִĿƼУΣ治ѡ
ָǱĴ¶֮ɫϴǼʳ㰡~
ַЦȻصԪسǣԸ
˵ģϴ󣿡ֶʱɴ۾
ַš
ʵ΢ȸԼԼˣԲ
Ľδ綼ĬȻͬȻЦء¶̬Ŀѣ룬ʦкӵ˾Ͷ価Ů次
֮˵ĿޣĽ١
۵˶עĿǶ使õ塣
ߣЩ˵ɫԵĿŷˣĿ⺮¶ϴȥǵۣŤǵͷ
Ҫ¡ַ
ƽζַ壺µ㰡֡
ַȻһЦԡ
ƽʼ磬ǲ⡣

һ·УԪ֡
ˣ̵꣬㳡ʳȫصģԪؾһͳԭػʮֹ귢չΪѸ١
ĵ񣬲ʱĤݣڵ޶ƽٵ
ǻ˵ϴȻģƨ
ַĹͣССһԪطչɽʱյĹģһ·Ÿ̸ԽĵطϢԽ࣬Ҫѯʺ֪ܿ귢ʲô
ȷʵһףֻǡҰе󡣡ƽٵ
סַͷ
Ԫ⣬Ԫطͬܽȡ鼰򣬲ҵ硣λı£ôĵʵԼϣô
ԼԪ˵Լһˡ
ܶඨԪصǽԼΪԪˡֲֻỪġ
޶⣬ֻϣԪܳΪ֧ܵǯƣոȨַ˽һˣֻǡʱҪߵ·ߵ·ƫһЩ
һЩʵܴ
㡣ƽһЦûжĻů顣
һᴦġַͷ
԰ĳһӣԼնȹѣľڧĿǰ֪Ա԰Ϊ׵ĻǿߺԪΪ׵ĹߣƺѾʼЩ𻨲
԰ַܺ档
ǰ԰šҡһ·գǿߡ
񣬻ҵķȻǸգ˲²⡣
ƺʤˣҲľַ
ʵĻĺֵܿһʾ׵ĿƼţ
˼䣬ٿء
ȣһڶַתͷƽ٣ζһЦַ漴ǰֻһŽ»ǰʱһȺ߽Χ
߿
ʲô
ȫһȥ£
һȺƱڵΧȺͿɫӰŶ˫ϴŻĿתĶˣһͷõҰޣ޲һˡ
֮أʳָ󶯣ѱԵ
ȻоѾǵһˡ
ȻȨԽԽ׸ַ̾



1195 ̣
鷳λʾ֤ͨһװͦ߳
ַ΢΢һЦƽҲǻһЦ
Ҳ磿ŭ
ȭͷȴһץס󣬳
ǵԪܡѿɫܵӰͷ·һ߸ϵԽУӼܻ쳣鷳ϡ
ƽȻһЦ·Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ৣৣৣ
ܱ߰ΧڱڻͳǹһɷֱΧ۵ھµȥ
ǿү
һǰץһŮŮڶ֪ôˡ
ôүһ죬еȨ͸񰵵ﲻ֪˶ٻ£˭ŮˣһˣҪǿڡ
꣬С㣬㲻±ô

ϸΧ۵ڶﲻͣ
ѿһַȴһΪѿ丸ϡͷԪܼ࣬ԴȨԪ֮󣬱㽫ԪشչԪ⣬䱸Ԫ£ԪܣԪܼȨλ¶ȣԼԪܲá
һ˲ţΪԪһӣӵ򵽻ǣٴӻǻصתսºͣȨԪ䱸λԪܼ࣬һ
ѿǿϵĶӣһεԪܵλãȴΨס
ȮӣԪѾʼַ
˵ʲôѿɫһ࣬Ȼŭ
ַ忴ĺ
Ҳѡݹ۲ԭ
ԪӵĴʥԼ֮׹ϱ鲼磬ʵѳĺŷˣΪ֮ԪرΪԪȫƿأʲôʲô
һʺһסƽѿٹ˽Ͳ»֪
ѿ˵ϻҿǵӾͲˣһǱ԰ˣĿбˣ¿ˮѿؿڼǰ಻סûм
Դֳ︡һλȨأﲻõûһ˴ϱߡ
ѿĥĥ䡣
ˣ
ͼ鷸Ʋܾϣȫץ
ѿȡ
ǣܣΧһڱڻһͳǹһʯĴ׳첲ҪץַˡΧڸŭԣȴѼԪֻ졣
ַ֡ٿؿڡ
֣˫۷Ź⣬Ѱ಻ס
ѵһЩ֪ߵغϣȴ֮Ȼ̲סͷǺɱ¾ٿȴָղŻվŵһڿΰ󺺴ʱȫ߿Ѫ̱ڵϡ
ס
ַһЦ
ԼӦ죬ԽƬȻһǺܰΧɱɸɾǻʵۣս㲻ǰԼ
ʵԶˡ
޴
ɶ񣡡ҧĿֱ죺գ
հһۣ
ŭɶܱΧ۵ȺȫɵˣۼѿһڻҪץߣһȴ֪ʲô⵽Ǵһлȫ߿ѪڵϣĲ
Ψһŵģֻʣѿ
ַѿʵжǿɱֻǡԼʱ
ѿĺˣԴһƬˣв֪ʲôѾȫľ⡣
㣬㣡ѿЪ˹˫Ŀ죺Ԫض䣬ˣԪ˾ԲŹ㣬ƽǱ԰˶ҵţ
˵ţŲĵıȥֻ޵ȣоԹŭޡ
ַ񾫹ţ¶һĨɱ⡣
ߡַ忪ڡ

żַš
ʱԪȻַ֮ͬȺ׷Զÿһ·žηǡۡ¸ָĿ⣬ַԪض䣬ȻԪ֮ºܿһʮʮ١
Ⱥ군ˣڻߣԪǿߵô֪
˵ףԪˣӵĺǶûãѿǳĺܣڿ϶ȥˡ
ӴʲôУӢЩٻСˡ
һʱգС˶ûҪ
УԹС
ַŲƽϢһֱסѿŻɽֻΪϻԼΪԪ±Ƿ֮£ҪñҪı䡣
Щ£̣



1196 ˵˵
Ԫأܹݡ
֣˵ڻҲԪأȷϢʵ
ܲڳѽ׶ΣӦð˾Ųʮ˵һӣδһ߿Ƽս£൱ĹӣȴĴ󶥼ǿ֮һ졣
Ǻַͬһʱ㣬ַ֮࣬ѳ90%ԪսʤҶɵˣѷɫսһˡ
ս£˵Ԫ˳⣬Ȩء
֮һֱϵжǿһֱμַĶµ㲦ַΪʦַϲҲַҲֹ߲һԪ˼ģɷŨԶʤߡ
ֿ֪ܲ˭λԪط֮ܲλ̽ʵ
֪
ϾֿɷܲǰԼ䣬ùɣĳء
ˡɫãֱִ̧ϣҾǰ˻͵û
¶֮ɫȴЩģٿڣٿء

űһɾײһŻŵӰɫֺ֮̿ϱһӻ뿪ŭȴɫһ䣺ʲô
ˣǿ֮ѿ
˰֣԰ȳҵĻʮĿȫɱ⣡ѿȻ
ʲô
ֹס춼üͷһš
˶ŭİתԻͷ˼֣ĳм账ʧ㡣
ͷ
˼ſ뿪ҲǸȥ

ܹ⡣
ô£һһʮȫ˵ѣŭ
ͣǱ԰ѿ壬Ͱ͡
ž
һ⣬ֱѿðǣֱָѿؿڣмҲ֪˵˶ٴΣںӱߣܲʪЬҲÿζܱסģ
Բ𣬰֡ѿԴµĺӡ
Ϻأɫ࣬ȴǺɸ֣ȵʵʵȫ˵Ҳܰ㣬ûУ
ǡѿͷ

ԪĹ㳡
̤
ַͣطƿΧȺƣһĵطȻ˾Ͳͣ£һ·קףֱԪ˸ĸȫι⡣
ɱӺǾɱƺƴһЩ
ѿˡƽٵĸӦ䲻ַ壬ڵȴǴ´ࡣ
ĸϳưͿʮ֮˾Żѿϰַƽ
ȳ70%໤Ⱦ60%70%֮䣬ʲôʱƺżôֵǮˣƽȻʧЦߵʱƺżǿ߲ԽƺżҲ롣
ڣƺһжĺܼ򵥡
ϴĻжʮĸÿһ֮ǰǳƺżǿߣ˸ǳԽ˳ƺż
70%ʲôȳ80%ıȱȽǣĸȳ90%ġԪ˵Ȩսַ廹൱ģԶǰԤ
ĿǰӽСǼΨͨתװгԽСǼĿܡ
̶꣬ĸȳ90%ģ൱ףԼһԼʶģ
½ǿߣ
Ȼ޴ѣͬǵڷɵƽٵ
ַѾ԰ȳ70%ĵ࣬Ĭĥ£ʵĸѪıʱյָܻչʡ
չʣƽһʦǰضǿĵ򣿡
ַЦŵͷǰǿ
ôСֹ
Ҳֻǿ˵㣬ֻҪкõܿͻᷭ㵽ﲻ۷ʱ̣ҲĬǲ˾ӡ
ַš
˵ûԼгһյָܻչʡ
¡
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˭ϳȣһ˫ַͫͣˣɻء
ḻʮ㣬Ҳδˣ֪Ǵðġ
˭Ҫôַٿص
ߵȻŷŷˣǻģԪԪˡ
ַĿһ˼ǡԪѶ֮⣿
ɫٱ䣬ŭȣ˵˵



1197 ǻˣ
У츩·üͷ΢š
˺һϸ۲ţ򵫷ƵǿߵʶδˣĲ񻰵ĺŮӣŮǿ߱ͺ٣ܲϵãΨ
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һڻǿѽַΧסΪԪܼ࣬۵λʵһһģʮ㣬һͷʨȣΧڴҲҳ澪ˡ
䣿˵ʲôˣƽЦ
һҪΪҲ֪ʲôԪ˺ͻĵĹϵˣҿΪԪܼ࣬鷸ƣط֮ˣ
úϻô֣࣬ȫץߣѿҧгݡ
ؿһݺݵѿһۣ漴ȣץסǣܲɱۣ
ΧһƬȻ
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κζԲ֮£
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ಣಣಣ
ƽ٣ˣյ漴ϡ

֪ͨԪǿ߼ϣַſϺѿֱȡԪġ
ԲŵλĻ㼰ʱδɴȴΪ䣬ʱԪ˷չȷܿ죬ȴƫ·ҪģǽԪƫ·ת
ûκЭĿܡ
ֻҪһ컹ǻԪ˵ƶˣ;Ҵƫ뺽ߡ
һΣҪɱһӰ٣



1198 ɱ
ǣ
ַˣԪ˧ϲ͵վ
̨ϵʱӣһܻ飬ɱ԰ߴͷٿֹԪ˧ͬ˻֪ǿ߼λߵļ
Ԫ׳󣬲ֹ԰Ķеѹ
һΣͽȸС
̤Ԫ˧粽ȥ¶Цݡ
Ԫ˧Ԫ˧һȣԪ˧԰ͷɫһ䣬Ǻ
Ԫ˧ͣ½ŲתͷȥӼ峤컪üԪ˧֪˴λҪԣ¹ػΪ쵼ˣ⣬ôȥ
ǰԪ˧㲻߰
ַ岻ԪѾǱƵĴַһ
ˣ
ĺ𣬳Ԫ˧
üͷ΢أԪ˧õҲκιڻĻĿɨˣÿһλڣûһʸۻ
ǲҪˣôģôģÿһ
ȫҪл
صĻõ޲ͷȥ¶֮ɫ
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һչصǿ߷׷׳أĥµѸٸ˻ֹΪһԪصĴ£ΪհĵĴ桮ַݡ
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ִ磡ɱĸ׼续ܰʮһյػ
ַסµ˼Сʤ»飬ʱȥĸŮζ۵ĿˮļСɱµӣ۾ˡ
СַЦ
ʲϼѣҲѽӽ90%ۣڵǰʮλ
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˼㡣ȻЦ˸
μˡպҲ
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Ů֮ûʲôõģ˶Ǣദַ漴ĸ׼续ֿãĸӼ̫ĻҪ˵

ģ˿ʼ롣
Ҳǵ˽ǳĬδκ뻪İΪַĸԣҲûҪڵȥԪ˵Ĳǣľǣǣǵȵȡ
꣬ܳ߹ģ
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ô룬µ˸һģЩˡĿǳֻӬͷСΨף˽˻Ĳȥȥڣȥӱܣûƭ
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׵ģַ΢΢һЦļ򣺡ģ½ҽ
šӦ

ʮۡ
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ͨ߸ȿֺ󣬼ԴҪȥԪĹ㳡ڣַ̤ھ޴մŰϣȻ죬Ҷһ˵λַ֮ƺƴ
մŰǰ棬Ȼѿӣǲվš
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1199 㿴Ű
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ַ岻ΪԪˣһ̬Լͬٷ
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һԪ˽ʽͨǷԪ˵߶ɽ룬ÿﵽ涨Ҫ߿ɽеȴĹ涨һͬʣԪˣΪʵȥֻ
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ֻͨ츳֮꣬ʪŽʥһʥԶԶʥǧٱһԪɫЩѿַ˾ڷѪ
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ҽؼȴ10%100%֮˽صĹаأЩΪؼڳȫѯ
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ַ˾پظũʱյŵһȺȸԾߣַҲ¶Цݣõ壬㣬ҪǿͲܱ䣬Ҫȫſ
վʲôĸ߶ȣʲôķ羰
Ե˵100%ȻǿĬʵֻ΢ɼ㣬ʮ޶ȱȽǣͬϣǸһɳ
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ǿԪ˵ķǣһǡл԰Ŀл԰ΪĬǵĴͨԪ˾Ӣǿһ룬ܻŻʵһֲ
ַĿǰԪ˾ӢѡϾҪϸܡ
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ʵֻܶûᣬЩߣ඼츳ӴȴƽӹĹõʱ⣬˷ϰʱ䣬ҲʮƽߣȵһĽǮλʱ
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ַԪ˧ط꣬ӵһЦ
֮䲻Ҫ˵̫׵ĻһδβսѽĸΡ֮ûкԪ˱ΪԪ˧ѹţ֪ԼλãЩʲô
ģ԰½ҡԪ˧
ַһЦԪ˧УԼƽûþ˷ˣһĲ죬Ԫ˹Ȼдĵط԰ͬҲ˰ơ
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1200 Ҳͬ
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ַͨĵһ꣬ۺָߴ908ֵʤˡ
ڶ꣬նۺָߴ933ֵľ
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¡
ʤ˺ľûеǿֿƼͬʱƿء
һ㣬ܿ¡
ңʤ˺ľᣡ
ۺ֡졯δ˼άȴ·棬õ100ۣԪ˿ܹܵľĶͿ佱ֻϧԪ˧Ԫ֮ˡ
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ĴǽڵϣԼ˶ҩʥѵ䣬Ȳ·ߡֻҪ㹻Ļңܶѳһһȳ70%ǿߡ
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15꣬85%ַ֮¶
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䱸ɭϣһεų֮ĻǿѲߣܲ͸磬һֻӶɲŽԪسǵķǳ֮֡
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ͷüͷַĳָӭͷһԭʵͲռƣۻ͵¸ߵ㣬ǿ߼룬ܽԪ˰
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Ȼ˵ʵȴܴʿ
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ܰЩڹ֮ϣƣȴڰű޳ܵ¡
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ߴͷ֮һ֮ˣȸߴ78%ǿߣ··޴С
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߳߳߳߳߳
лɲǼ佫ͷնɱһ˫˫۾ȻͿ־壬Ѫء
ֻʣһɫףһڵء



1201 
ɡ
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15ĳŮ

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һ̨̨ٶȼĳԣӫ㣬˸ԱææµµѸٵĲٿţһŮһͷƮݵĳɫĨأ¶Сţп㣬ǰվ˼ʲô
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ַоʱ֤ϵͳ̡ըѿǿн룬ֱַŶ룬ûôʱ˷ڿ档
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㣡һʱŭΪ˭ƾʲôɱˣƾʲôϱ԰
У԰鱣԰ҵģƾʲô˵ҪͲҪ˭
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ңҿ˿ڣһʱȴҲ֪˵ʲôҾͲߣ˲ޣ
ַһЦϲ˵ɣϣңҪûĲŻһʤˣľһĴƹһң䱸԰ټƵĿԱκˣֻҸ𡣡
ַĿɨ㲻۳Իǻе豸̫ô
ҹ˹ӣȻַһ仰Ҳͬ
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ȣ㲻Ǳ԰ˣһˡ
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ַһЦɣǶһ֣˾͹ңӮˡҴӦԸ
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100%ȡַԼ츳ţлҰҶľˣ˭ȴ100%ȣôҽô
ܹܣҳ
ַЦЦľʵ̫ǿôʤΣʤ˻̫ǿҪ
ãҵַһۣܹܾܹܣ㲻ɣһ
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Ǯһû͹һԪ˧㣬Ҫٸ٣Ҫ㡭ķڷַȻЦҲٶԣҵԸҲ˸ţʧΪˬֱ
ԸԻضԼ
ߣٿˣһӮҽȭ



1202 ְ
һûʤַԡ
Ȼ˵ȴֲͬʱî˾츳֮ꡣԲַĵע˱԰ʧܣַ屣԰һҲԩǿMǱܣһ֮Ӳʯ
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ңͻÿһһǻַʵߡ
һۼ֤漣һĿõ˥һַĺճ˻ģ˵ͬʱ
Ҳǡ

һҪӮǸǳ֤Լ
ȲʤڵĻĿвţҲľڵԪ˿пвţѡ񱣻԰һ󡯵ĵطûжĿ豸û㹻õ֣ȫĶ֤ԼŻ
츳ľȲҡҺΪ85%ľ87%ӿ츳֮굽ʱ䲻̶㣬ľʱ䡭һࡣ
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ҪӮͱƳһȫµġҡ
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ⳡԼԼûĿܣһʥǼҩľȴﵽ100%߸׵ġľֱӽԴʯռ䣬ܿٴﵽ壬顣
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ӱ԰뿪ַھǶһСȥѣԼʤ˵Ŀгɹ
ʤвնҺлһЩɹȫԽMõҺͳĻһ·Ԫ֮ļҺͻ70%ȡ
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һˣõַĿ϶ģʤˡ
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ַ뿪ǡ
Ȼ̻ʥﳤǣ»бҪҪ漣ʥ쵽򣬳Լ⣬ƽҲĶ֡
·Լͽʿ޽ԼһʱַӰʧ
Ԫأʱл˸߲ҵףһǻַĻع飬ʵԻַΪһţβơ
ܱ԰Ϊ˽ɢû˻ϧ
ڻģַǾԵ
Ԫسǡ
ؼң
Ҷַ˵Ҫģĸ壬кͶԪسŵƽʣԻΪ׵Ԫ߼еӭͨΧ㣬ˮйͨС
֮ǰûַڣî˾
ǲ½ô
԰Ա½񴺡
еĴ󶥼ǿ֮һĻ죡
Ԫ˵ĹҶɴ˶ˣ̫ˣ
ٿȻķ֣ƽҲԪˡһȫ룬վÿһжɢȵɣԴġ
~~
һ
ַ΢ЦƮȻ
μԪߵϥأɫȻ˷ܡ
μȺѹѹһƬ£ʾ𾴣Ԫس𺧵һĻ֣Żַʽع顣
ǵ֮
ܶҡ

ؼˡַſ˫ۣһһӵˡ
ĸ׼续磬飬սԼͽȫǵ룬ŨиżҵůַֻԼĶڻһжȲֿС
Ȩλһжǿա
ΪиĶ
ţַٿСŮԴ͵͵ĿԼԲĴ۾ǿɰСŮûɵ֮һϤоͷ
СŮǣַ˫
һЦ漴СŮ˳СӢаְ֣
ְ֣
ַɲǼסˡ



1203 ֮¶
֡~ͯУַŻع
ǰСŮò۾ȴԼ۾񿴼Լĵ׽ӿ죬ؿ
ѪˮĸоƭˣַѪʵЩ
ҡŮˡַʱЦ
û뵽Լôһϲַ¶΢ЦСָṴСŮ֣ԣʲô֣
ҽӢ룡СŮԲĴ۾ַ塣
ӢӢַ֡
СŮͯ˵ְĿеĴӢۣԸȡְ֣֡ǴӢô
ַͷůоõֿУḧŮСԴ΢ЦȻˣְֲֹеĴӢۣĴӢۡ
Դַ屧޹ǵŮӢΪ˸ξ
ָо۶ܰ

ְ֣׽Բأ
ְ֣費ҳԱܣܴҳô
ְ֣ȥֳ棡
ܿ죬Ӣַ塣
ԭܼ򵥣ΪַӦŮַҲȫӦ͵СŮ£Ҫõϲܼ򵥣ֻҪþˡ
ְ֣Ħֻ᲻ȥ~
ûϵְֻɡ
ְ֣˵ôܶӻʹ~
ûϵаְ㲻ġ
ְ֡
ԪֳУһ͵ĦֻתţΧԪ˵ĳƺżǿߣЩƽײβߣһػܣһ˿
߲ʵĦϣӰܰҸ
СѾͷˡַ屧ŮӢһ쾫ƣߣѾ˯ˡ
ôģȻۡİһۡ
ַ尮ŮΪҴ̫ࡣ
ԼûпĳûпӤģûпѧߵӣûп̫̫࣬Щʧȥ˾ûУԼľϧǰúõİ
ҲûߺŷĿŮ̧ͷ̫⣬ִ硣Ҫͱ˲һеθ󣬲ֹңǧǧļͥҪػôô˽
ַס֣ǧͷ
һЦӢҸ̣⹫󲮺͹ùãԪ˵СҪʲôʲôҪ¹߻һֱţָʲôӡ
ַЦżһΣ´Ҳٹݳˡ
ס
ӶЦĦӰһ𣬲Ҫ˵ʲôʱʤ
۵Ҹ

ļ죬ַһֱżˣŮӢ
ַҲδ飬Ԫˣȷߴ·Ĳǰ֮ˣʼǽ߾ȫҪԪǿѡ
飬˸磬κֻҪͬʱԣָܲ
ĶλúܹؼΪŮ˴˼䲻м϶ߣᣬԾ֮£鱾ҲϣһЩ£ֻķˡ
ֱ֣Ӷ𡣡
лĺԪ˵ߣ˭в֮ģ˭ͼ󶯸ɸ꣬˭ڱıƣ̱ᣬҸֱӴȨ
û⣬ϴ󣡡˫
ӸԼ˾ӣ־Լž󻼵Ĺؼ
ϾԼ綼ϵ
աַ忪ڡ
ǣˡճַ
һᰲַҪ̵ʱ䣬ٵļԴǽ磬ͻƽ޳Ϊϵǿߣ
ৣ
˫
лˣչ֡
лί㡣ַ֮ʱǰϵ֮գ㽫ػػҵļˡ
ǣˡûκ顣
˵ӱԼּΪϵǿ߸ġ
£Ҫдۡ

ͨл԰ǰ
ַӭȻĿл԰ѳΪ˫ֻҪշɳĬǡڵʮ죬û漣ʥ껵Ϣȫʧһ
δ̫ںַʱʵͫ˫üͷš
ս1089£ҵԴǽѪļ¶У֮ǿҺʱԼ֪ô£֪ˣǸʱ䣬ԼŮӢʱ䡣
Ѫ֮Ӧϡ档

ս107꣬8Ѯַ˫˫Ȼһݡ
Լǵãʱͬһǿҵ֮¶
Ҹǿ̣



1204 ƻչ
ͫԼַܲͫĴڡ
ʵϾûͫԼĽΪҪĬҵͫҲѡ֪ôֻͫߡͫôԼ֮εĺ蹵˴ˡ
ȷԼǿƵȥ£ͫԸֻ»һɢ
ԼѾǷܶ࣬ȥ˺
ܶ£Ҫʱȥ
ͫʡַ֮
кηԸԼֱԼ˫ͫԼˡ
һ¡
ַſл԰Ĭֻһ֮ң
һȴޱȳء

ַ巵Ԫسǣʽӡ
Ϊ漣ʥʱ֣ܳΪʱŮֲٵĸͼ˹һãڣϵַʵʱһµĽ׶Ρ
ĹԪˣѪʵ
תװýеˣַʵ
ǰԼ뿪ʱľƵתװóɹʹһ澧ܽʮϣСǼһҪΪﲻСǼôļֻǽӽ壬ڡ
ȴܴﵽǼ
תԲ
һ澧תʴʮ֮ڽӽһʮ֮塣ľԤƽܴﵽʮ֮ʮϡ
ַ
ļԲȶǵԼʱȴľ˵֪ܺϵЩƼ۹оһƼ԰ǧġ
꣬ĿƼ˵̡ܶ
תװ֮ǰΪ϶ȱֻ˰̨ҸĽϣѳɹʮ̨ľ
ַʱһ
ʮ̨ϰ̨ҲĿǰʮ̨תװã֮ǰİ˱
Чʣӡ
ܺáַͷˣʱйͣһͣȫ׸ܹܡ
ܹ׻磬ͬʱԪսǺľͬͨͨţȻŵ㲻ľͻʤȫ棬ۺҲﵽ880ĸ߷֣ͨͨڵλ
ľһСȻ̧Щ԰ףҡ
õģ𡣡ַЦֻ㣬ֹ㣬ʤҲС
ľŷȻһЦ˼
ûʲôʱ乻ôַ
šľӦ

ʽʪŽʥͨ
ַ˵Բʳԣ˵ʥôѲߡġƿ֮УʪŽʥԼл԰ʥĵشǿҲȥ
ʥ⣬ĽǺͰΪԪС
ĽǵĿƼľһֱڽģ⣬ЧٴҲϵƼܿƤëѾ츳ַⷽ岻ģܿͻͽʿ޽ԼʱĽǽʿƿظѡ
ڰ
̫󣬽ڸϵǿߴڣ벻ûôΣաõİ취ǰȸһߣûо԰ǰûҪν̽ա
ԴǽļһأʮҲ˵һַڷϣ漣ʥһ֣ѹͷĴʯ
Ȼֻܵȵճɳϵһ֮
ľסַǰȫ͸ˮ֮ףζ컣ʱľеǼա

ַʱûнʪŽʥȡϵ±Ͼؼʱڡ
ǿʵϣĬǴĸʥҩַԪ˾ӢǿΪǿΪ
ʤ˽£תװãҩأ˫¡
һң˫ңʮҡ
Ԫַʽͳ£ʵ죬ַ䲼ǰԪ˵߲оַƷԵģгַ˸ģֽС
ȿٻǣȻڻǿɵĻϣʮʱľǡַ嶨Ԫ˷롣
Ԫ˽Ҫߵ·ڵ򣬶̫ϵ
£ԪǿߴͬԪ˵ǰһ۷⣬ַĵǿĲֹǵģһ߲ʵɽ壬ٲҪġ
⣬һὨӢɸѡֳΡ
10%ȣ40%ȣ70%ȡַȽȽ70%ֻԪˣ10%40%ȫ࣬˭ɱҽɸѡ
ѡУ
ʾ
ַɫ
Ԫǿ˫ĿŹ⣬Ӧ
ƻչһ˳ٿȻַһ¶֮ɫ



1205 ԽԽ
87%ַ
ĽѸ򣬼ÿһߣȻҡ
̶̲⾰Ѵ85%87%ٶȾ֮졣Խ濪Խľ85%-87%ķ㼸ʱ䡣
Ȼšַ岻ǷЦ
ԽǿԽɫԽãΪǵˡ
һ˵ӮζԼ
ַ岢ΪԼʲôʵԵʧջһԤĳš
ڿƼ֮·ʥߵ츳ɿ֮츳ַĿٿͶһǾʥﳤǵķֺԼͬҰףɹˡ
ص򲻵죬뿪ˡ
ʥﳤǣ
Ӧûʦܣ֪ʦǷ˳ַЦЦƽٺԼһڻģѪڻģӵʥʦİʦҪӦûΪԼʦܡ
ʦһţԽԽַ֡ͷ
ŵչԽԽǿ½ӿ֡
һԼӢɸѡΪˣΪȵͱص͹Щǿ󣬵ЩСѪѣڵǿӣѣԽԽǿ
Ǿ
һħ࣡
࣬ȻѪнഫ

⣡
ַѡӢӣκΣκȶɲֻ֣Ǳʵ
ܱѡΪӢӣǰ;лΪַҵӣͽҲܣ
Ӣɸѡչ
Ԫ˸磬ܿ˾֪Իַͷٰ죬ʵֻǱ˭һԣ
һѡأ
ĿǰĴ󶥼ǿУǻһγġ
ճɷǿߣȵ򶥼ǿ֮Уδǰ;֮ȳɾͣΪ츳жɫΪһʦַ壡
ܳΪͽܣԾţһˣ
ԪأΪ
죬һԪǿ߷ֹÿһϸɸѡÿһߣֻǱʵԵ˵10%Ⱥ70%Ȳַܶ࣬˵ʵûʲôͬ
䣬Ը츳صġ
츳ǺҪԸϰҲҪȱţȱܽ츳ֵšѪӰ츳ƽٳɫȴ150%ĶԼ츳ʵһ츳츳
ɸѡ
ɸѡĳӢΪһĬǵĵࡣ
ַȫ̴㡣
ҫ˵ĽΪѡΣμܹ򵥣ֱӣ©ֻҪʵǱһʼ²ĽݣҲһ㣡
ִ֮ƻؼԪַһͽܣҲĿǰΨһͽܡ
̶꣬Ĵ󶥼ǿ֮УַοԼûôΪԼڵǻ˼ѵĴܳɹ໹ǿԼ
Ϊĳɹַʶ˵ߵǱ
ִƻ䲻ԴӮǾ׬ˡ

88%89%90%
ҵٶʮ־ˣַüͷ壬㾪ȷ˼뿴һҵЩʲô90%ȸһȴĿ˹ȥ
ǵ͹ַ̾
ǱԶδȫ֮ǰڱ԰豸Ƚضǿȴܴһһ漣һ䱸ʵʼ
ģ˫Ǳ㶦ַһЦ
ҵĳ֣Լճƽӿǰʮ
ʱƳ0100Ƚңҩ򽫻ӭͷڣַкڴ֪ΪʲôĪܰ쵽
һܻΪܵĳš
ⳡԼӮַһЦԼϲȨԼС

ৣৣ
ַȽľʤԴʯУӮһ棬һ100%壬ԿƼо°빦˼·дԡ
һ졣
ʮ졣
ַ
ȡ˻֮ǿȣԽǿĻԽ죬Խࡣ
ҵⳡԼԼ־ڱصá
ޣַһ˸漴ϰա
Ŀл԰ڷͫʵӦѴԼͫȥѯʡһͫ
ܾˡ
ַ̾ҲΡ
ȻµĽ֣Ȼƽ
ϣһ뿪ɡַΨǼʱĨƽ˿ڣ֮εıϡ



1206 Էǳˣзǳ
ûʲôģַΨжͫʰбͫ
ͫʵʵĬв޼սӽβħ塢ֽһڣʱ˵ͫܰȫʲôΣա
ʱ

һַ岻ûͷҲ֪˭ô֣
ʧˣʦ֡ƽ
ʧܣ
ַ΢΢һ˲Ϣףһ٣
ڶ١ƽٿЦ
ޣַΪ죬ƽٵʵԼ˵ЩݾͻϵҲƫôࡣ·ܹ飬һһٶڶҲǡ顣
ԯʦֵգ˺ܶࡣ
ԯʦʱѾͨ飬ֻһƽϵͨ顣
ΪսΪԣȱһɡƽٵ߸̫ǳĥ£սҵϵսֵһᣬϵǿУֻͨʵ
ϵսȼ˵ȡƽʼ磺ϵץһϵǿ߶ǿ
ȣַ΢
ƽٵͷϵսȼΪ̡ˡļÿһַΪȡеȡߵȡļڼУŶţëǿߣǿ߼վڼ۶ǿߡ
ַͷ
ϵԼҲ֪һӵйٵ۹ÿһ۹ռӴĿĺϵָϵӣߴ۹λϵģϵϡԴǿϵ
۹ĴϣĴеļۣǵ۹ۣ77ڵ̫ϵ򻮷ֹڼеĺǽ۹
սһ٣Ϊȣڶ٣Ϊеȣ٣Ϊߵȡ
˳ʦᶪʦһ档
ʦõԯʦ֣սߵȡƽٵԯʦǿսʥͻϵӵеʥʥһ
壬ȻƽҲ֪ԯʦֵʵݡ
ַԯʦֵӦǡһãֱͻϵ󷽲Źɡƽٿԯʦֵʵоض𺳡
ҲǣԯʦʥﳤѾǧ߰ٶ꣬սԷǵС
ҵսǿ֣ޣڵڶ٣ֻܵ١ַжϣԼаաҲĿ·

ʮʦܡ
һʦܣͨʽţһ߽ԽԽ࣬⼸ѻʥ֮߱࣬ƽÿ궼һ
ַʱû㽫Ƽʦһ
ΪÿһҪܵļأƷԣžǷʥﳤǡʵҲԲ츳֮ˌĿ顣
֮սһҪƷкϸԼŻƼǼ롣
95%ˡַ̾
ľ޵ڣҾһ޿޵ţֻҪ㹻ܴ漣̶̼죬Ѵ85%95%
̾Ϊֹ
ûԴʯľϵĽȡ
97%94%ַԴʯʱ䣬ʤ˺ľǲͬʤ˺ϣѵ97%ʮֽӽ100%塣
ľֻ7%ҡ
ľĸɫַޣĺãζľĻ֮ǿȳͣСͬˮףͬٶˮԽȻԽ

һ졣
ʮ졣
ַ嵱˵жϣԤиѡ
ʤ˵100%ķʱ䣬ľʱŵңܿͷͣԽӽ100%Խ97%ʱͣ죬յ98%Լѽ
ˣıַǳ⡣
ˡҧ촽շȭ촽ҧѪ顣
Ըķ䡣ַһЦ
Ҳʵĵ˵ͷ
ַ漴׸һƣƵšġֽ֣ǣ̩ɽѹϢУڷɵĽɫȻƣɻַ塣
ҡַ˫Ȼ
Ǹ˲ţҲ㣬ҲκְֻһõĻĿ豸Ŀ䱸ɷӡ
ооַָָƣ΢΢һЦЧʲôҲɣҲɱһٻò
סˣеĻֱгأؿڼ
ַ漴תȥǲɶõ˲ţӰˣĶȥֻĥĴ
Էǳˣзǳ¡



1207 
ĵ
˵ÿһ궼ܶȴǳСǼÿ궼ȶıšһжҪңַ廨ѴĿƼš
תװõʣľʱŴʮ֮ʮ֮壬ֻķʱ䣬㽫ʮ֮֮һ
죬һܣ
죬֮һ֮
ʮ󡭡
֮ǧ֮һҵĻ˵ѾĿǰļʣǽתװò½죬µתװۿƼͲϣĿǰĵ򶼸ϡ
ڻҷ棬ַͬУɹƳȫµĻң0100ȣԹ꣬ʮ꣬ɹ
ֻҪضƻɹʸߴ99.99%
ߣ϶18ǰ100%
ʽµƪ¡
ս111꣬Ҳַ巵صһ꣬ΪԪ꣬һ򷭿µһҳȫµĻƳɹĩ£һһΣһ»ҿʼ졣
ԪܼƵ32Ǽǿߡ
ⲢǽֻǸտʼ
Ķ꣬һ£ĺǼǿͳԪڶ££ྭһɱ䣬ǼΪǼ
ѪĽš
һ꣬ĺǼǿӽǧ
꣬Ǽǿַ䱣ŷ޴½ŷˣʱŷ˸Ժͻ࿹⣬ȷвŷͬﵽ壬ͻıȴС׼ס

ȥַ巵صתȥ
ʱ꣬췭ظȻٿĲƣֺȻǧٿףʱᱬըıԵ澧ǿȻάŵ̬ƽ⡣
~~~
ԪϿգһ㵭ɫ͸Ĺ֣һļӰ죬ֺ״̧̬ͷ̫ܿҹܿѩӣ籩Ű
ԪмʮСôΪַĴڣƼķٲȻѳΪġ
ԪسɱסԪ˵ǿ߼Ҿ졣
ģˣ߹Ԫĵľ޴ǰǻַĵÿһ߶ϵĹݣԴģлַǰҵʳǡ
޴Ͽգһ졯ΪӢľַ
߳߳߳һ̷׾ŮĵŽߣӰأվһŮӣԸһԲԲԴСк
ԲԲԴСкƵ
̷׾Ů¶һĨЦݣ֮һͣСֱĨȥͷϵĺˮѧôĬ
룡ԲԲԴСк˫ĿŹ⡣
ŮһЦ׼͵͵̵ܵܣСıְַ
ְֲŲ÷̷׾ŮһЦַŮӢ롣
С󡣡ŮһЦ
ЦݾͿԿ˹ĺҸǰ˺ַİᾧԲԲԴСкΪĬǰַСʱ
۲ۣӢѾСʱ
ۡӢ¶һĨЦݣְ˵ѡ·Ͳ¿ۣĶ⣬;ϣҪŬŬӢԺҪְһΪһصĴӢۣ
ţһԵġס

ϵۡ
ಣһһţһϵɴٶȴﵽԭļޡ١ϸɴɫĸоڷɴȴӡһ޴ɫͷ㤿ɲ
ǽ۹ı־
Һǽ۹ɴУһŽɫ۾ƤӣɵĽɫͷ¶΢΢һ˫ɫͫŸ߾Ʊ
ɴʮս׵ߣһɫϵ
һЩٿɴһЩϥϸȥ϶Щơ
ͰͨͬԭлָΣա
峤λʾٹ̫ܵϵ¡սʿ
۾һ˿ƣˣҵĵܵܡ㻹ô~~Ц۾Ӿâ̫ϵ򣬾򡭡
ܿǽ¡ģ
ǽ¡峤ʿϵĴ硪
ƣ
ǰܸ׽֮ԭǰ



1208 
ʥﳤǣҡ
ַ̣̣һ˫ͫڰħ˫ʮָǰ΢΢Ĵһǿҵĺɫž֮Դĺ
ڳɹˡַ¶һĨ΢Ц
֮еûһǰ⣬
ǵԼĬǺħɥںħʱģһħǿóľ֮⣬Ժ̬һǱԴ⡮аӰһǰ⡮
ĬʱԼֻѧаӰδϰ
գѴ󹦸ɡ
ʦָȻַͬ̾
ǵȻҲ˭̵ġԺﴫһԪ
ַ岻һЦˣĹͣǰ궼֡ĬʱԼһԪüΣûжֱʱһԪֳ֡
УһУ˵̥ȻҪϢһԪ
ַЦ
ôһ˵ԴʯһѾ̬ԴʯɣҪһԪһԪھͺñĸ̥֮УȻҪϢ
˵ˣ˯ֲ࣬һģ塭ʮ꣬ҲۣǷ~~һԪѷѣʣ˯붼ǧ꣬š
ԽԽСַȻ
һԪһԪιһԪ㲻˯˰ɣַ峢ź
ʯ󺣣ûа
ȻҪԼַ̾һԪһ˯֪ҪʲôʱתһΡ֡۵ָʮ꣬ɣ˯СϢҪǧ꣬Ҫ˯
ʱָˡ
ַΡ
һԪԼİܴ󣬲ܿ۽磬ܰԼ·ʵ
Ϊ֪·ô߲ȷġȻһԪ˲һ꣬һԼʵһ꣬ǰӡǰ⡮Լ֮ǰΪ
ϾĬǣرԴܷ֮ǰ
ʵ
رԴܷ֮ǰؼڡԴǽ硯ͻϵԴǽɱ䣬Լ̩Դǽ磬⡢֮ԴţıԴȡͬرԴ֮ԴȻͬ
ڣӦܹˡַ̤ҡ

·
ַһ׼ԣƽٺʦܡ
ˣ֡ƽЦǺǵ
ʮʦһûġ˵ʦܣʮ壬ƽ֮ģͨźһѻʥĻߡ
ʦּͣʮʦշȭ
ʱ䣬ַ巵ʱʥĻ߶ѳ100%壬ʵﵽǼĽף൱סһƷв⣬һĬɥĸƼ¡
ʦţ൱֡
ַ΢ЦĴָ漴롣
·ԼѾ˺ܶΣÿһζڵ飬Ҳǵ٣ս㡣ʵԼȫͨ٣й涨·ʹϵ
֮ʵʵͨ
̬̬Ѫ츳û⣬Լĺ̬Դڱħסۡ

һ٣˳ͨ
ڶ٣ͬɹء
ִַڵҡ
δڱԴ֮֮УȻسؼޣϵصģûʦ̵ƾԼ򣬷һһϦ֮¡
ৣ
ַ١
ǰһɫӰӣսȡ
ӰδʹκαҲδʹκαԴ֮õֻĽɣ巢սͬﵽеȵļ¡һˣڶٵıһ
ζսﵽߵȣ
䣡䣡ȭϬͻɽƽȭȴַ豹ǿ۱ܵ޷ܿȭ磬һսֽ֮С
ַֹܶΣ̫Ϥ
ȭڵɣǱܲ˵ġֻ˵Լڵľ磬ǲƽġ
׾ȭĿǰõİ취Ǿͺ࿹
Ӳսͨ
ַѪֱ֮ӱ
֣ⰵ֮ǿֱ֮Դ̩ԴǽַδִںɫȭӰɲǣһΪаӰʩչǿİ֮Դ
ǰ⣬
ýˡİ֮Դ֮ǿ󹥻ںɫȭӰ֮ǰ˲䱬ȫɡ
~~
٣ͨ



1209 ģ
·
Ծ˵ѵ·Ϊĥ¡׹ħѳԯˣںǼʱѾͨ·ȴ·һá
ַ岢ǡ
˵ѹ··ֻһĵ;
۾һУӡ
~~·貲âһųգַ΢Ц̤ȴԼƽ٣ˣͷֵˡ
һʮʦ֡Ц
ʦֵȻ˵ǣǶʮʦ˵
ƽʼ磺ǰͨڶ٣Ҫȸʮţҿûô
ԯʦֲַѾͨ·ҽϵǿȲԶˡԼͨ·Ŷԯʦֵʵ˽⡣
һںǼʱսߵǿߣǺεȿ¡
ңԯʦֵʥΪֲ
ϵԯʦ֣սҲеߵȡַ岢ģԯʦʵΪʦµġʦ񡯣ϵҪӦûʲô⡣
Լ
սﵽߵȣ̬ߵǿжռһϯ֮ءַĵ
ٿء
ַ塣ʥ𶯣ַ̧ͷ
Ȼʶʥػ񡮌ƽʱk˵kڣ֪ͨ·ζԼﵽʦɻʦУԻһݲƵġʦ񡯡
ǣǰַǫ
ƳȣۺȻ
ǰĳһԽռĵ·ַ̤ϣٿ֮һݣȻɫٱ䣬͵̧ͷ˼ǰнҪ±봦£
԰գʱȥ
ƽ֪ʲô

Ԫغ
̫ƽĺMĵ򣬵Mĸ𣬴ƻܱȫûΪһ޼ʵľ޴԰ĽΪģMĵضΣΪԪռݡ

꣡~
Ԫغм䶥οգٿغַ콵ݵĴ£ٴκ£ĿƼֶΣԪغ֮һǰĿƼϵͳƻöС
ַ̤ڵ档
ɫĸУܿκκˮȫв࣬ǻˣԪ˳ʴľͿƼС
Ԫغǡ
ԪغǵĴߣǽʿ˵ǽϡ
MĻƿߣ¡峤֮һΪַԼУҪôҪô޽Լϸûѡ񣬾ǿַ¡
ǰԪغǿʼ죬ַýȨҺľѧϰʱԪغľ߹ģ
ס࣬չ츳֮100%ֱ࣬࣬Ҳδ򣬵ͷַƻδѼһ
ͷ෢չһ·Եû
ַʽ죬Ԫ֧ţҪǡ澧Դĸ£һչ¡һЩƼͬĽȽϣڶ̶ȡ൱ĳɾ͡
ڵϣƼˮƽʤ
ȻϾпл԰Ĵڣ߶ĬǣвٸﵽǼĽף׵ǿʵ츳һ֡

ˡʿ
׷ʲôһһʮϸҡַɫȻɫڡ
ʿͷղԼӦԴơüͷһʿͫâ֣֮ұĽǣǿŲ̽Ѱų
ʲôַ
ʿָǰөĻųʾһɴԹǿԤʽִ̫ϵҸӦûĻӦþǴƼ¡ˡ
ԭ£ʿϥأɫ
ַ
Լ޽ʿ֮ǰһȫԼܰʿռĿռָ󹦿һ񣬱ԼȥѾ¶¡֪
ǣԴԭ
㲻˵̫ϵкǿսӰôַ
ʿЩǿȥյģֻһżֵƵĿռ临λӣ֮ǰ˵ģ¡Ϊ˵пܻѴ۹һſռ临λӣֻû뵽ô졣
룡
Ҳ˵¡û̫ԥ
ģˡַ̾ǰĵĻʵȻ漣ʥ껲ûг֣ȴ˸ǿµĵˣԺǽ۹Ľ¡壡
ϵ



1210 ʿսʿ
˶ˣսַʵ
һɴʿǽ¡ԼɴǺǽ۹ɴܴﵽٷС׼䱸1+2+3ģʽ
1ͷ죬ͳ죬һǴƣҲ䱸ͳһ
2֧СӣÿӸʿзΪСӣСӣǢСӣ䱸򼶻ʿӳΪ󼶻ʿǢСӣ䱸󼶻ʿӳΪʿ
ַ֮һݡ
ϵΪƼ·̡ˡԴǽΪƼΪϵϵϵϵϵÿӦÿǿߡ
Т󼶻ʿʹõǢϵս൱ߵȡ
ʿʹõǢϵ൱̳ȣ
ĻǢСӻǢСӣַʵ
ӦøһӡʿТСٿɴСӸսÿһʿǳɫļԱӵг͵츳֮ꡣ
һʿ
ַĿȻ˵
ʿͷ3֧սʿжӣÿʮսʿĻǢСӣӳΪսʿͬȼսʿսҪѷɫʿһһһӮ൱ǿߡ
ַš
ȼΪȡеȡߵȡޣָ£޷ͻƳΪ̳ȵߡ
Ҳǵ򽫻3ǿߣԼ1̳ǿߡַ
2̳ȡʿͬǢʿ

죡
ֻʱ䡣
ʮֽȣ
׼ּƻַԸ
ǣ޾ɫ֪֮һ
սѴףǵϺŵĳǿߣֻҪϵǿ߶սԲ񡣻ּƻַǰͿʼ׼ģʿ޽ԼһĿ١
統մһּƻֻܱһСֻĻֲ
Σ޷
ΨмԭΣգսˡַ尵Ȼ֧սʿжӣԼһǶ֣ĵȻǿ߱ؿ100%ѳΪ׼ãǿԲࡣ
ϵϵֻˡ
ԼƽԼս
Լûãս˳ﵽ100%壬ƥ˹䣬˹ʮƽ𹬵С
һ㲻ѷɫﳤǵʥսʨϴ跥Ȼһ¡
սϣڰǰƽٵıдƽ֡
꣬ʵ֪ʲôزַüͷδɿΪ̶̰겻ʱ䣬սʵıƽٸǿҲܳԼ
ˣʤֻ֮һûС

ַ岢δ¸֪ˣҲδֻš
ֻʥﳤǼһΪɳʦһϣܴӌĿеõѶϢǽ취ͨһƬ硣
һޱȾ޴ĽɫϢ֮С
ŵkַоԼСֻµkһܰԼĻɢȻ޴ӵǿϵֻǵkڌ̾·һھ޴ˮײģŰɫʡ
¡ѹơ
̣
ַ˫ϥأȴǷġ
׿ͷлʦһΪʦΪʦûʦԼЩ겻ߵڣѻΪʦһʹõӭ˱仯
ˣˣˣ
ַĳ϶Ϸһ˫ͫơ
ɡеĴ顣
ӵk̬Կk⣬ԌʵַǰڲزסʲôܣǷһ۱ɿίߣkԲצ飬棬ʦš
kͽȱġ
ַ
ٿء
һӴѹַɴ˫ۣҡ
ǰһɫٿطŴС򱶵ČӸ߿պȻ۶˫ۣ͸ǿǣۣצÿһַȫ޷Ϣɲǡ
¡~
ؿ꣬ȫľ
˲һӴؿչɢֱ֫ǡ纣ۻƥ͵ĳ֣ƼƬӴĽ纣֮Уɫâ׺
纣Ǳƿأ纣֮Ȼ仯
ǣַؿ٣ʱַܶ帩Լؿڣһɫͼ㣬ĳԼؿ֮ϣ



1211 ʦ
֮Ԫɱ纣۴纣Ĺؼ
쐻޵ڶϣɱ纣Ϊϵϵȼ쐻޿Ϊڣγɴ纣Ϊڣ֮Ԫպ㿪ϣɱ纣ˮɡ
ַһлǰ
~
ǰһ⣬һöɫĽָ
ƶɵĴָȫ֮ڡһϵսףսսѥԼǵģһСȫͨõ澧㹻κһϵվȽŸ
мҪ֪㣬ΨʵϵɳʦΪͽܣһʥؼ
ͬ츳֮֮꣬ǿΪ츳֮꣬ʥΪʶ˾ŲʥǿһΪ䡷˲ʥڽľˮס֮һЩ򡣡
мǣ⴫
ǡַӦ
ʵ̾ԼʦԹ
֮·
ԴǽԽԽѣԴΣ࣬Դǽһ취ʦԭڡַ
гһܿϵΪڶǿߣҡ
ɳʦ񣬌ʹɣԲٶ
ַǰԵȣ
޴βһ˦ѹ֣ʲô£
ַɫϵ֪ǰܷʩԮ֡
ܡĮ
ַ廹˵ѳڣҵʹɴУ޹أѳʦҿһ㣬˽ʥ֤ǵİȫ
лǰַ̾
͌ûõģΪkͲˣkȿھܾûɽ
Դԯʦֵˣ˵Լ
ֻܿԼַתȥ
ٿء
ܹʮˣĪҪǿۻУַ͵һתͷȥԻƶߣʧӰַȻ漴׌˼΢΢лǰ

ʮˣ
֮ǰԤƵʮ˲֮ࡣ
ϣ
ַԻ᲻ɌĻԵkʵָ䶼ܻ¡֧飬k˵ʮһʮȻʿԣ¡֧ԭʱϮΣգԱ
֮Σͨ
ʣµ֮һӦвϴˣսֻ¾ʮ˴ҡַȭʮ˴κʮսܶ࣬ҷѹСܶ࣬ƴһƴδûϣ
Լõ˳ʦս
֪ͨƽ٣ַ漴ǰ˹λŷ޴½Ĺʥ»ǰŷȫıȥͷӵһ
ȻȻв࣬Լϵ
ʥ˹٣˹Ȼһ£ֹʮƽ𹬵ʮİʥʿʮͭʥʿѾÿԤʥʿԼ֮ˣŬΪΪԤʥʿһԱ
ַ̤˹Χ֮С
޷͸˹䷶ΧȴܸӦõ
̶ŷ˷չѸ٣ʮƽ𹬵Ļƽʥʿÿһ߽ףܺͻȣʥʿʵںĽ׵֮䣬ȻϵѾ൱ס
ľϵܼġ
ڰ˽סַڣһν̻ﰺڡ
߽סַĿɨ겻ѡ
˫ӹֹ߽׵൱֮ࡣ
ھŽס
Ľţ˺ھŽǿߣַսڵʨӹٿ֮һݣĿƣȻŮɳȣѾϵˣ
˫԰֮սʱѹۣһĳǿߡ
ǱΰԼС
սͺ󾡹ܻѹŷˣɳһֱδֻǰţʱȸߴ96%ʵԼƽٺʹսλеĴ󶥼ǿ֮С
ϡսʱ߾һɳȵǱסַ
Լӡ̵ģɳȵģġֻ°㲻ԼʹսͻƳΪϵǿߣ֮⣬ʵҲԤ֮С
һַͷ
ϵǿߣˡ

ʨӹ
ʨƽʥµսվͣ޼᲻ݡ
ս뺷սսַʱϲͻɽ͵ĺã壬ȭ
أ
ַ嵥ֵס磬¡
ޣսŨüëһչַر飬ҲȻʲôˣ



1212 ׼
ǽ۹¡壡սɴ˫ۡ
ǵģ磬Ǿͻᵽַɫ
һĬ
ַϢʵ̫𺧣սþƽ
ˡսͳĿһĨ⣬һɳʦϡ
õģ硣ַͷ

ʱܽա
̶ַı䲻ʲôģǾǿսйؼʦԼ׼ķʦ
С
սס
ս
սѥ
һӳƵսף½ԣϷĽɫڷɰ㣬ַѪգۼϡ
žžϣ
սףսսѥʺϴСַ֮ӿʱؿǰ֮Ԫ͵ַһ
ö࣡СϪСӡ
֮ԪıɲǼӿսףսսѥϵ޼ʣƽ۾Ŀơ
սף壡
ս֮飡
սѥڣ
ÿϵи
һַ֣֣˫˸˸¶ϲ֮ɫʦĳʦûô򵥣һʽ׳ÿ⣬һ弼

ʦʩչľַԯʦ˵
Ǻǿ塢֮顢ÿһֶ򵥣δǺãʱǿһ־͹
ʱ䣬Ӧǿһַ尵
֮ػ飬ô΢ַӵԴʯȱԲ֮飬ʵ֮ΪҪ
Ƿ
ַڡ
ڻսУȷҪ
ǰ
һѽ
νĽָľǽʹõı
Σַδԥװһ˲ϣܱԴиֳܱʹ÷ַʱһ
һ纣ʱʩչ纣
ڶ纣ʱʩչƺ
ʱ
츳ͫʩչ°빦ϡַĿɨ֮ԪԲ֪ãӸղſɼһ㡣
ܱȻɹʿֻв30%һϰɣԸı档
ַܿ˾
ã߱ŤתƵֻ±ܱһҪѵĶࡣ

ľס
~ַһ漴ǿ
ৣ
һڹˡ
ȥӹȣٶȿ쵽£ذõĳ뻯һĴ֮̿ͣ;мȻֹǰ
Ŀǰ٣ַʵ
չ90000ɫˮ֮п꣬ԴǽȻͣڵ9000010࿴ֻ1򣬵ȴѱȵ졣
ΪѪѵڼ£ͬд仯֮ԽԽѣ֮ΪҲǻ1꣬ʮ꣬ʮ꣬Ҳ˵һ
⣬ΪСľסԵʡ
Ȼ˵ʮ꣬ǼʮҲûͻƿܡ
ҿԸ100澧10000࣬ļԴǽɱҪ󣬵ַ˵ǷʹԸΪ
۾澧ʲôֱࣿ
澧ԭʼɣ԰ӵһשͷַÿ1澧100࣬ϵ澧ͨңֵơ
⣬澧߱Դȵá
ʦַһС澧
иãҲǸˡ
ַͷ澧Դǽ磬ʧȥԼС10000࣬ռݵĿǰԴǽ10%ıҲ˵㽫ԴǽεȲΣֻ90%ı
ڵ10000࣬ԴǽļͻֱתΪ10ࡣ
ǵԴǽ弶ͻֱӻΪ100ࡣ
ճ˼Ƭ̣á
ˣַ
Ӧ10%ްͻϵҵսи޴֮ʱԵΪ
áַ׳100澧
澧ͻϵԴǽʱõϣһȫµ㡣
ǣˡӦ

պ߲ͬս㹻Ҳ㹻Ψ츳ޡкھŽǿߣǿаθϵҲá
ȵսﲻæ
һеսһϵߵսܶԿһ¡սʿ
ȵʱ䣬ǿ̡߽
ʱ¡ɴ̫ϵԽԽ



1213 ˣ
̫ϵ⣬һƬĺڰĶ
ûкڶµƬսӰ֮µģ޾ͬ˺ɴһϵǿߡ
ҪɢսӰȥϵѰ취ǡ
ռ临λӡ
䣡¡ɴˣһһ覵ӣ̲ž˿ռͺһСʯͷͶ뺣֮УʱʧӰһ˿δ
ɴڣ¡ĵȴš
Ƿ룬ռ临λʧܣ˵ǳصĴ
ôûзӦ
ô죬ٵȵȰɡ
ռ临λӲûðɣ˵ЩսӰ̫ǿңӹЧ͡
ڽ¡۷׷ס
ڣǶǵһʹÿռ临λӣ⡭ĺܡ
żͫһЧġ
׼սɡ
򣬳ҪȺһСǺǣԼģ
¡սʿͻʿ۷⡣
һĦȭƣ٣ڴޱȡ
Щزȥ˵ܷһʡ
Ǿһкܶ౦ҵǾͷˣ
ٺ٣ҵԵŮˣǽ¡Ů˵ʲôͬ
Ȼ
ǰâ֣ҹеһ⣬ռ𶯣һ𶯺ɫӰеİ׹ɫӰС
ˣ˫Ŀ⡣
ڿʼˣ
һǵһμɢսӰԭô򵥣
򵥸ƨ֪֪һſռ临λҪ澧һžͺȥȺǧĻ
ɣ
ֵã
˫
᲻úײסǣܶþһſռ临λʲô

̫ϵ߽硣
ַ壬սƽ٣ɳȣգĵĵȴšܵӵеǿ߲εսУô
οµѾһδݲС
һʮˣʵδַ֪ɫԭƻߣԸʿͻսʿ
ƽٵͷͷϽַڡ
ӵһսףսַ壬󲢲
磬ɳǰսʿͽˡַ
Ļƽʥ£ͨƽʥ´ͬʥʿϵУʥ·ΪͨѪƽʥΪϵӵмǿ
սƽʥʿʺϵľǽս
ַԼյͷԼ޽᲻˵
յʮҪʵڰɱ͵Ϯв޶ȷӡ
ϣ˵Ķһ㡣ս
ʮ壬ʤ΢ȴ޾ɫʨսֱǰη޾塣
Եɳȱ˫ȫʥϢһͷɫĳƮ֮䡣һսʵ㲻顣
ڰδûʤ㡣ƽٶ˰ѽȡʪŽʥ֮ʪϣɫӵڷԻʿһս֮
ⳡսĹؼڡ
ַ塣
ΪΨпܻɱʿ¡峤ơ
սӰɢˡַ˫

ûжĻַΪ˶ʱж

ৣৣৣৣৣ
ַսӰСǰսӰϢһιʮֹؼַӭս׼ȫ
ǰѾ׼
ϵԭڡ԰Ľϵķڣʿжܻи߼ĢϵԭڣѾٿصļޡ
ߣ¡ɴҲֻǢϵϾϵ͢ϵԴкܴ졣
밵ʿռ䣬ԭͬ٣ϵ͢ϵɴ첻
ֻһλᡣַ
һ޷жԷɴڶθѻУϾҲǰӣ޷ٿآϵԭڡ
սӰһɢַǰС
̶Ϣ
ǰĺڰٿɢַɲǼ俪ϵԭڣ貹սӰɢȥǰʱ串Ƭռ䡣
¡¡~~
ϵԭڵܣ൱ֲ
ʲôɴڣףĽ¡ɫٱ䣬ŷɴںɫ̶죬ͫ͵ı仯
̣~̣~̣~
ʶĲٿأ磬ֳΪ¡峤ǿʵɴϵͬʱٵ˲ܡ
ǣ̫ˡ
ûսӰ»ᰵɱУ츳ٳɫҲ
¡ɴ汻Уըһ漸սʿˡϵǲһ˲俪ģɴ켫Ϊϸһ㶼޷У˵ֱӱȥʮ֮һ
ɶ񣡣ŭĺ쳹ռ䡣
ˣ



1214 ս
ɴϣ¡ǿ߷ӵ
ǰɱǻսʿʽĽ¡սսѥִս⾪ˡսʿһ֮·һǿѧ
ϵװԸ߿Ƽ졣
ַĿһɨϵԭջأɫâ֡
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ʯٵʽԼղžܽͬòȥҡԼһչַɨǢ󼶻ʿȻѪȥ
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1215 Ԯ
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1216 ռƼ
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1217 94Сʱ
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1218 Զ
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1219 ʮǰ
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ܵڶǿߵڶ춴࡯
֮·һ̱ʵ춴ֿ࣬࣬ܵڶ˺ɵĳڶ
ˡַսڡ

̫ϵ߽硣
̶ʮ˸Сʱɴ޸߰˰ˣǱըķɴǣȫµûʲô
ֻһˣ൱ڡ
峤սʿۡڵ
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С۱ڽ󳤴󣬹ϵܣԽĹ
ںɽһͨѶһ˵
۵ʵȺɽǿҲУ峤ΪҪѡҸӵĺɽ
ǵһЦ㵱ȻǾ̫ϵսӰ̫ܣ̫δ֪أѡɽ൱ڸԼһա
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ޱȳأΧһζսζУٿһɺɲĿַ͵һתͷȥ֡
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㡣ַɫѿǶʮǰĵ򣬵ÿһδͶǲͣкܴΣԡ
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ǰͷǿޣܵĿԶûС



1220 
ڴʱ
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׹еĩһ㡣ַ̧ͷȥǾ㤿ɲһ׵磬ײǿԣռ𶯣˷
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ʮŴŭ׺ɲֱַ֣Ϣ
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ǿޣַ͵һ飬ǿߵͳ֮·ֻ߻һ·ǿߣŻӵ
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ϵʱĸȽףֱΪڣڣڼڣзܱγΪǿվޣڸںϣٿء
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·ҲԼơ
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Եɺ°Сֵܿ׽٣֮֮ĸӦգ֮⡢֮ںϣɾ̩ʥ
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򱶣Դǽ縳裬澧תǿգ̩Դǽľ޿ޡ
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͹֮ȶԶ˵Ϊߵİ֮
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ףԭסַૣһ˲֮֮Уڣֱ֮ӣġ
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һϢ



1221 ֮Ϊ
ַ̧ͷ׵罻ӵĺڰա
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ͷſַ尵Ǿ衣
һƬӴȵ֮У谵ɫӣͷſȥδҵ壬Щĸо
մȻÿһƬСĴڡ
ƬȵأӦþ߽׵޵ĵ̡
Ȼ߽׵ҲĿŵ١
ٿأַһ
ͷŵĽ类شݺݵײַͫ˲ʱŴ



1222 
ǿߣ
ַɫʱһ䣬ܶԼʩײģеġǿǡڡ൱̼
ߣ
ַûаԥ
ʵҪڵǿߣӮĿ΢Ϊսĥ¶ܶսǶΪ

׷ˡַ尵
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ٶ൱֮죡
㲻ˡַ˲ʱжϾơ
ԼһСչᱻ׷ϣʱпײǿߣʱһжԼãƴһѡ
ৣ
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ܱɢһĨ͸֮Ԫ˲ʱַֻĽ˿̹ǿߡ
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룡ؾ
纣ĹֱӺ׹޾޴Դ׹͵ĵͷʱһӡͷǰ

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׹ޱ纣ǿ󹥻ˣŭûˡַ֮һϣĸо׹޵ֹûŭһ㡣
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ǻ֮·ǿߣΪҪѡսַԺиֳʺţ˼⣬֮ǰٵ߽׵ޡ
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ǣַ֮⣬ϾǶʮǰĵһжڵĵͬеĶʮǰһУ֮Ȼ
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ǵǻۣδغܸߡ
ʵǿΪãǱʺãǻ۸ߡ
һԣַ˲ʱȡ߽׵һ֧ǣ֮Դӿ룬֧׵ɢǿҵϢ

׹ʱͻСèŭ޴ͣһֻСèֱ֮ʧַ֮ϲǽֳ
ȻԼϣ



1223 ٻ
ȡ
ַԲ飬Ȼ򱾾ǿʳƬȵ߽׵޾ǵ֮ġϢ׽޲ҷ

߳
Ҫɱһͷֻ߶µ׹ޣ̫סַ㽫شɱ練ƣкܴô
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ַ岻˷ѻֱӽ׹޵Ļɡӵϵһ·޻鱾Ҳ⡣
˼ѹ֮£ַֻ㿪ʼɡ
츳֮꣬ԶԶǿ׹ޡ

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пܶǱвޣѾȫɱһɶ
֮⣬ǿһȺڹޣԼɱͷ׹ޡһϵȨֻķݡ
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ĺáַһЦ
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ۣܸоԴʯеİʱһǰ⡮ķӡ׹֮ǰʩչССһɫӡǡ
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֮Ǽǿķ֮չ֡
ľǰ⡣ַͨ⣬ñԴ֮ΪȻһԴ֮Ϊ⡣
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ʵǿߣԴͬȼ⡣
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ȴȫǵת֮֮ȫѵļԴǽļޣȴ𲽶ûС
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һѰҸּؾĵر
ڶҵ߽׵޵ϳ
Ѱҵһ͵ڶĹУ⡢ϵϵޣһɱ飡

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ûʱ˷ѣʮСʱֶ룬Լ뾡ܿǿս䲻֪Ҫǿһ֣Ψһһ
ƬȵУֹʵݲȱ٣ٳɶࡣ
Ω
ݣݣݣ
裬ͺһӳַ޷ӽƬȵгųɵطȥΨһɵطá
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ܾľ֮鹥ԲǿǰǲǵΧһ˵ַ壬߽׵Ҳչ
һϵľ֮飬ʵ߽׵޻ǿ
ϧַŲľ֮ػһžӨ貵ĹΣÿһŹʵмǿĻ֮ĬǸ
ֻҪԼܳ£ܼǿ츳֮꣬纣
ҐܿϣԼܳΪ̼ǿߣʱ֮Ԫ츳ͫʩչܱﵽһֲĵز
˵ƣǺɽ
Լаգܽһ



1224 ϵ
ֻ츳֮ǿ纣θߣҲһܿ쐻ޡ
Դ֮ģʮ򱶣ҲζԴ֮Ϊǿֻ˵ĿԴ󡣿쐻޵ϣҪԵͶ
һֻǸ
䣡
ַ編ƣٴشһͷϵޣ츳֮ǿɻ顣
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ǱԴܷ֮ǰ
ַԣҪǰŻȤ
ġ
ַѰϵޣͷͷ졭򲻸ˣɱͷϵʱնҪġ
ǰ⣬Ի֮
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ҹһΪδأҪǿǰȻ̤Ϊ򡭡ȥʱ䡣ַ
ڵûʱ˷ѡ

ʮһͷϵޣͲûһͷʵġ

߽׵޵׽ǣַסȻеϵ޶ԹСèһ
㷴׽Ҳסҹ
ǿ߽սһЩϵЩʵʤַһȣչַУзַһ·նڡ
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ÿŻӿΣǧΡַ⣬ԼԤҪ߽࣬׵޴˴д£¶Լ
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ַҲܺ棬ǻۿأ
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峺չȣ͸ǿҵʸоϴǦȻһ£ԼľͺƱɨһ飬ʾ
̩Դǽڣ
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翵̩Դǽ˲ʱ
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ԼԴǽļ磬δֹͣ츳֮֮꣬˫˫ɱϵԴǽټ֮ǰ֮ȫΪһʾ
һηʮǰĵ̩Դǽɳʮ࣬Լ֮ǰû뵽ġ

ԽԽѡ
֮֮ҪΪַ꣬ûⲿĻһ൱ѡ
Ѫε翡
һɿõ·;ϾԼӵľףֻǡ
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һʥȪ1000֮ϣɱľٶȿˡ
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̣̣̣~
ܼ֮һ֮ȣַȻ̤롣
Լܸоõ߽׵޵Ϣ̴棬Ĵɼ޺ǣַǰһ漴һɫɫצӡ
üӲַ尵
߽׵޶޷ٻɼƷʡ
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Ȼ׽һʱ޷ʹãȻо޴ֵַ彫룬̽ѰԶĺǣһ޴γɵ棬Ӧ޼ۼס
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һһ̵ġޡ׼ȷ˵޵βͣɫĹâ̲Űɫĵֹ̣ͣо綾
һѵĴƬ
һŲѷ죬㤿ɲ
ݡ

ʮ֮ࡣ
ÿһߺԣһġϡ
ȵأһ⡣
û´ЩǶ߽׵ɱľַ֡ʱǽȫ𣬰ʣµĺҲ˷ѡ
Щɶ߽׵޶޷ƻϵĲϣ
ԼãǾûмֵ
С
ţַʱһ


1225 عʵ
ʵ
ɫͷ׵عʵ
Źʵ߽֮׵޵ϢΪŨңһƤζŨӦϢ֮Źʵһûġ
һ޵ĺɫ̲ʲô
һɫˣһ֪̺ǿҹ֮
һ˲ΰٺϣˮһƺǿعʵ
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1226 

ֱַͷŰսԼǿ۷ԶʤԼóӡ

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1227 ַķ
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1230 䡷
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õģˡԱ͵㡣
17ǣֻȹϲܳΪʽ
ͬʱҲǽ¡פڡ
ܽ¡ƿ17ϵΪ¡أϵפǱزٵģǽ۹
Ͼǻᱻġ

ִַ17ǡ
ûʲô仯ÿ궼ͬ¶ȣȶֻΧȺϵǿߣֻйԱǺڡ
ʲôܰôˣһģ˹¶׵ݡ
ַ꣬ӲߣݣзҸطס
ҪסǶס
ַҡҡͷҪõģȫϵߣãǮ⡣ʦĳʦַ˵㹻࣬ҪѶԸ¡壬ôҪ֤Լ㹻Ρ
ڰкܶ
üͷһ˴˲ȥҹǼʾƵ꣬Ǻǽ۹Ƶ꣬ɺҹֻǼǮ΢һ㡣
ҹˣ
ǽ۹ǰʮʵһһġ
ʲôַۣ
ͨ׷ÿ궼Ҫ10ӱҡ
10ӱң
൱һͨǿһнҪ֪ȹÿĵ۹˰Ҳֻ1ӱҡ10ӱһ꣬ͨ˸ס
·ַ
ɴ۾õĴˣ롣

ĵÿкܶ࣬Ҫ򵼣·׬ȡһЩСѣϾһʵ̫࣬ǼĴͺܳ
ܿ죬㽫ַҹǼʾƵ꣬Сѻϲϲȥ
󷽵һʷ㹻Ǻɰ
áŮ΢Ц
ַͷ̤롣
һǼʱĴƵ꣬ɫĽʣһſǳıʯ׺ռ䣬ûһǺǼղŵŮߡ
Ǣϵʿ
Ҫסޡַ
֪ʲôҪ󣿡Ů΢Цʵ
磿ַ
Ůɱְҵ΢Цζٵ󣬾ã㣬ֻȵȡ
ַȻһЦ
˵ĺţԸղŴ·ĵ˵ֻҪõҪҹǼʾƵ궼㣬ȻǰҪ㹻ӱҡ
סϢɱܣַ
ȻŮܷܷ΢Цһָǵ׷ǾԱܵģҪȫ˽ѡϵ
ַ˳Ůߵָȥӫʾ׷Ϣ
Ǽ׷Ǽ󷿡ϵԼߵ漶
ǮȣǼ׷ÿΪ10ӱңϵÿҪ100ӱң
ԡַƽõŮ΢΢һȴû뵽һò۵ȲŮҲδְ̫ҵЦݣ룬
ʾϢס10Ķ𡣡
ϵУûµĸ
Ͼÿǵġ졯һЩһ5СʱЩ12СʱҲЩ100Сʱ
ʱ䵥λΪꡯԼԪ
1ӼԪ൱10000ꡣ
áֱַȡ1000澧ʮꡣ
˵Ⲣʲô1000澧ֻǳʦ1%ѡ
ϾǶʢĺڶǿߣͽԲС

꣬Ůַ߱ͬǰϵ
ȻɱְҵЦݣȴȫͬҽޥԽСߣʲô󣬿ֱҡ
˵ţŮޥȡһƬַġ
΢ЦУŽĿˡ
õġַ֮һЦ
ҹǼʾƵд۸ӣȷʵ·Ǽ֮Сܿ죬ŮޥĴͬ£ǵ
ʿ˻ʲôԸôŮޥ
ʱûˣллַͷš
õģޥһ˿ʧˡ
~~
ַǰһ
ĿĽɫݣ峺µĴɫذ壬൱ĺܼࡣޥܣϵѾõˣ漶Ϊ׼
100ӱһꡣַһЦ
󣬿϶ĵ



1237 Ȩ޲
ϵӦоУַܿѲһȦ
ҪܣߵȵҩʯȪκʱζֱӵ͵Ǵʱľޣûκ⡣
ܴ
ʩŮ硭
ֻҪõﶼС
ҪͬмѵһߣܼܽرԴռ䣬ջ򣬶°빦
ϵƼķʹ㡣
ȻĻԼֻǸ
Ķĥ£ڤޣﶼʵ֣ϵҹ˰ǿĽѧȻ⻨Ƕġ
ڰȫõġ
ÿλ˵˽ܣҹǼʾƵ걾İ൱ɫǿǺҹµľƵꡣҹˣƹ̽ߣҹȻƴ
¡ӵ֪Ѷʼһٴǲǿ߽򡣡
Ϊûλָֻܴԭ綨ʻҪʱ䡣
Ѿȥһ꣬㷵صһꡭ
롣
ַܹؼǰᡭԼ뵽̸ߵսȷʱ㹻
ϣܷ취նݳ˽¡壡
Ҫ¡壬ȡ֪ϡַмһ̨ϵͳҹǼʾƵ
̨ϵͳΨϵС
ˣҪ
Ҫ֪¡ϸϢֱַҪѶϢйúҹˣܳΪǽʮͷ֮һԲһ㡣
¡ںҹǰֻ΢һɳ
ϢݣǼ10000ӱҡϵͳ
ÿҪ󣬶ϵͳС
һǼ֧100ӱҾͿ㣬Ǽ֧1000ӱңǼ֧1澧
ৣַˬ֧
ϵͳ˲ʱһϵϢַϸ
¡壬ƼȺ츳¡Ŀ
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¡17ϵפ129517ǡ

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¡ϢҼģƼȺȺöԸΪǸƼǮûǮûǿĿƼҲֻǷ
ַҵǣ¡岢ûТʿ
ֻ͢һ֮ȴԶһ̸ߵǿߣһ˳ȡ
ַĿǰսеȡ
ҵķǿǻ֮βƣս൱еȣ͢ʿеһսȢʿַɵսʿ
¡ǿģֻǢսʿġ
ַͷ
ȻƲаգ벢ơ
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ƻ¡ʵѣΪûе۹ɷַֻҪʵ㹻ǿ󣬾ֱӽݻ١
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δ뵽취
շ취ַ岢һʱҪݻһںǽ۹ȺǼ׵¡
ɱ
Ժиֳͷַʱϵͳ
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ȻǿΪ֮¡
ֻڵԼûλȨȥʵʩ
ߣҿѧѪӰĳǿ硭ҹˡַֻһ룬һֿܣ룬ӵߣ㹻ĵλȨҲҪʱ䡣
ʮֻ꣬¡ҪԼԪ㡣

ˬ졣ַ
Ǽеľ񲿶ӣǾսʵ㹻ܳΪ죻Ϊ۹ףۺñã衮ʿݣλλ
Ǯ࣬λȻ
Ҫһ¡壬ڻ¡
~~
ַһϲȥ
ãʧȥɣ׽ѳʱԼصѡһ޷ۣھ֮У鷳ʹˡ
кֶܶԸ¡ķǮ֣Ӷʿ¡Ļҵ
ֱǣƽ¡ȵȡ
ܶࡣ
ҪִÿһһѶȡ
~~ϲ㣬һɫ򿪡
һƬʮɫÿռ䣬Ϊ硯ͨʵ򲢲򵥣Ϊ䱳󲢷Ǻǽ۹ߴ۹
λϵģƹϵߴ۹
ӵǧڿźǣϵǿˡǿ߱صߴ۹ԶȺǽ۹ǿ򱶵ĳȻڡ
~~Ψһĵ۹Ϣâۡ
ַʱ硣



1238 ޸
Уϵ󲿷ֵѶϢ
ʵеģлУʵûеģҲʵ֡ܶƼУʵ֣֮ӦõʵС
ַǼǵ۹ϢкܴһԭΪ硣
ʵ롣
޸ַ峢޸ǵϢ
ʱ侳ǰһͬɫֵָĻ޸ĹؼҪ֮⣬޸Ḷ́ʶܹۿ֪
ס
޸ķһ޸еа߿Ƽ޸Ĵͳе޸ȫ̼ء
ڶʺϵĲϣÿɶͬԴҲͬ
ҲҪģ֮޸ͨǲҪ֮Ҫ޸ǣͱҪ֮
ַüͷ΢š
ûһװ쵽
翴򵥵ĵڶҪҪܵ̽ɣܹȵȣҵʺϵĲϣҪҪ󣬵һ¾ҪӦĿƼ̽
ͨģҲҪ1000ӱңҲ1000澧ⲻܽͣΪ̽ҪܣϸȻ޸ҪһƼģ׼Ĵ3000澧8000澧ҡ
⻹̫󡣡ַ澧кܶʣࡣ
ڵһҪ޸ԲҪģӵ㹻澧ʡһʻѡ߿Ƽ޸Ĵͳе˵ĶҪ10000澧ϣϲⶥ
൱Ĺ
е裬ܱ֮࣬Ÿֹڡ֮Ϣַ壬һ
Уҹף
һͨһ֮Ҫ10000澧Чֻһһɡ˵һ֮õǣ֮Ǿֻڼ͵вܼ
ϡ
мС
ѹһԪ˵޸һǻѵĴۣԶ»һǴ۸ߵĶࡣַʱףȻ˵ûжҡ뷨
ȷϵǶţë
ֻһ
շȹһ̨õǿǺɴصʱȥ֮衣ַܿ˾
޸һͣҪһ

Ƽķ˺ܶ
֮ĽԶ͸ַ±ˣ̶գ͸ҹǼʾƵġ硯࡮ͬȼѡ
ҹǼʾƵ꣬Ƶ꣬鼰ǽ۹
סϵߣûʮҲаǧ
֧𰺹ƵõߣǸ඼ǳƣ̨ˡ
ַ֮ǰҲû뵽ջ
էҪ
ߣȥҹ棿ǰһӰͱͬòһΪơꡣ
磬ʵݵǼǣȡġ
ַһԶŮָȡһ֣ȡΪ
ˣ֮磬ǲƵģϾʶ״̬Ľ룬ͱǼͬġ
СҲ̫ڷ˵ɡΪơ꣬զһ죺ղ˵ЩڻĲû˯š
˭㱨ôΡַЦ
Ϊ밡ƿҼͷӣҰѿγ̱ģһ϶ң֣
ãһ˶ڣʲô͸ʲôĽˡ
˵ˣȥҹˣ㡣
԰գ৵һ±ʧ
ַЦЦ
Ǹӵܣûʲôưƽ׽ˡ
һַ漴ر湦ܣרľңľϣ°빦
Ȼʵ֮Դܸͬࡣ
࿴ѡϲá
ղ˵ģ֮ĸСַܿʶĿռ亣֮У˳ǿߣҹˣںǽ۹
֮൱ף֮֮Ϊ
סںҹǼʾƵ꣬ϵȷܹ󣬵йơ͸ڲ磬ֱַӱμӸֿγ̣ΣΣΣʵսεȵȡ
εĴ̸߼̼ǿߣҲ˳ǿߣϱ֮һ
żῪΣΣԼλ˵ʮ죬ÿһãΪһ׿γ̡
ȻپͿˡ
Ϊ˳ǿߣγշҲ൱ˣһ׿γ̼㣬2000澧൱ϵסʮļ۸
ϵÿ100澧һҲࡣ
ѣס֮



1239 
죬죬졭
ַÿһ˾⣬ϵĿΣϸζ˵ÿһ֣ÿһ仰⣬Ϊһǿߣ϶֮൱
һ˵رԴַ֮ʽ
һǰ⣬ӰԴ֮ҲʵЧΪԴ֮ͬʱҲջ⣬ս
ַʳҩֱаֱ֮٣ַڶ̶ʱ佫֮أ֮޽ӽء
ҲΪʲôַ֮ء
弶Դǽ磬ַ֮أһ֮ң
ֱԴ֮ľС
ѵһ֣Ϊű߼ʣշΨ츳ǻۼߵ߲ſʱͻȻڻͨٶ൱֮졣
ַģǵ
һ㣬ֻһ㡣ַ˫оԼ֮Ѿܽӽȴʼյǲ㱡Ĥ
ϵĿθǴ߻ϣҵͻƵ
δ̫ջ

ʮ죬ܿȥ
ϵһÿνͯպ׷ӰʱʧһεǣЩȸԾ确ơ͡󡯣˶Ǳĸѧϰڴӿຣѡ
ЩԺвϸղÿݣٻعǰÿΣһ
Ʃַ塣
Ȼں2000澧ʱȴʵʵķߡʮ򣬵ȷ֮򣬵޷ͻƽޡ
Ͼصأһʵɱ䡣
~ַ峤һգգ۾顣
Ҹ߹Լҵ֮ʡַͷоһΰɡ
߼ޣɱĿܸ󡣡
ַ漴ơ
ʱʹ󣬻һĵУģ˷ܡ
ţַ߽
Լ˵ģΡ硯ַ岻ЦЦ⼸ĹӸ磬ͦȤġ
~ƺʹ󿴵ַĴк
ʵǿѷɫһѵЩӸóĺܡһ§סַ壺ôһȥɣ
ΣַЦ
һǸӣ㲻֪һԪδˣȻҲܺ棬Ҷͷʼ棬䳬һԪǲܽġ
ΣҲйأַȵ
յı׼ĲӦô
Ȼйءӣô׳ĺܣΪر͹Աȡ˸󡯵ţǺʵҹģ
ʵҹ
ַⲻʲô̫ϡİɣζʵҹ
ۿôˣƾߣһӣϾͿʼˣǸϽȥ漴ַ˵棬ǵǣ
δ£ʧ
ͻһҲâַЦѡ
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Σ
ôʱ䡭ͺˡ
ˣԼȥңʲôʵĿγ̰ɡַԭƣϾĿγ̶࣬ḻ
ҪԼ

ַĿ꾫׼֮ǰ⡣
һǰ֮֮ܽһҪǰ⣬Ϊֻǰ⣬֮
ַԼҪʲô

ǰĿγ̲ࡣ
֮ͨǰ߱٣ϾǺǽ۹ǿϡ٣εĸֻǺҹ˵ǿߡ
ΣҪ顣
ûСַҡͷ
һмƻεģûС
ַü
ڻһֱͨĴϵͳҪҪ̵ɹǸߣáҲ൱¡
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ãһ൱׵Ľ
򿴿ɡַϵʮÿΣҲ˵һҪĻҲû˷ѣϾ¿ʦ澧
ʵҲôࡣ

һ죬һ졣
ַ֮֮ܿУпʼ翵ҪǿһһعϵʮÿΣַ࣬ࡣ
һ޷⡣
ţǼһʱ벻ͨ벻ͨ
~չ죬ַҡҡͷ
С
ǻǮɣ͹㡣
ַΡ
澧˵ʵҪҪĶࡣ
뿪չ״ַ̬׼뿪磬ٿһȴյϢѣһַʱǰһ



1240 һأ
ưɣС
ȻˡƴЦӭ
Ǻáַ΢Цк˽
⣬д󣬻һεͬԼһϿӿݣɫüӣַĽβһ˵
̸߼ַ˲Ӧֵǿ
ǰһ£λӥӥ硣ӥ磬
ӥáַк
šӥÿɷӦһǮˣ
ȻȻȡ10000澧ͻһҲȡ˵ıȻûôν10000澧һһ
ȹһĹ˰Ҳ1澧10000澧൱1Ԫ˰ա
ͨĸӵܣһҲòôǮ
أӥĮַ壬Ǯ
ôܣɱǮĺܣοɶԼǮЦ漴ַ壺ûôҪô
ַҡҡͷ
10000澧࣬
ֻһ㡣ַӥ𣺡˼ѭĶһ飬ҸǮǲܳΪ͵۹һԱ
͵۹
Ǽ77۹λģȨƾ޴ߴ۹֮һ
ƿس200ڸϵ
Ҫ֪77۹ӣͼҲ17ڸϵ
͵۹ľްԣ
͵۹һԱ¸£ˡӥЦ˻ֻù򣬰ҿһ͵۹ľŵȹݣ˶ѡ
ŵȹ͵ȵĹ
ַǷԽ롮Ӻ
ַע⣬ʵǷ񶫻͵۹һԱںϾںǽ۹Ϊ͵۹һԱҲûʲôá
粻ͬ
ֻһͳƣǡӺＯߴ۹ĹʿȵȣĴ۵ĵ۹޷ġ
ԡӥĻش̶ֱӣȨ޲ߡ
ŵȹжȨޣ
ַԤ֮УӥĴ㹻⣬йâ10000澧
áӥ漴Ŀɨˡ
ַ֮һʱ䴫һӥΪĺѣǷͬ⣿
ͬ⡣ַ漴ӡ
бʱһ֣λ
һȹ񡣡ӥʾĺȷʵҲʵ
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׺һᷢϢǡӥ漴뿪
ڣܿʣַˡ
ûܴɣֵܡһ§ַ򣬴Ц
£ȻǺáַͷٿغˣôʶӥģ
ƺٺЦ硣
磿
Ǹ33ԪϷ
ַ΢΢һ㵡
˲ʱȻַȵͨϵô
ǻ˵ҪȻô硣۾һףߴ۹ĳغǲһҪõĶ࣬ɶ̫ƽˣ
ǣаһɫߴ۹ġһۺС졣
ַ첻ѣ洦ߴ۹ߣ
С˵˴Ƿֿģֹߴ۹ǷֿģĴҲǷֿģǳѽпײ
ڲһˣٺ١ӡ
һľǵͷ˷ܵȶ͵۹ϢǾͿö͵۹ĹݽǵĳأҮ
̫ڴˡоǡ
ַƿԡ
ԣǻ10000澧ʵΪ˻һأַ̲ס
Ȼǿ൱ҪƵɴ۾
10000澧ȷʵҲ̫ˡһ޳ë˼ʮ㻨Ǯôûˡ
۰~~ŵؿڡ
ˣַ岻ЦЦ
Ǯ˵磬ȷһ˵䣬ٿ¶˷֮ɫͬʱַҲյӥѶϢ
ܼ򵥣ѶϢֻ֡
Ѱס

С
͵۹ŵȹ
̵ܼϢϣͺǽ۹ȹһַ˫صݡǡġ
һߣ֮ǰǺǽ۹ĹԴ˴Ϣ
֮󶵶תתΪ͵۹Ĺ񣬾ͻᴴ͵۹Ϣ
Ҫס
һݣ10000澧ַЦͨ˻Ҫ
Ȼ֪ӥô쵽ģ10000澧ȡһȨַ˵ֵõġ
ȻҪ͵۹ݡ
ϸϢַܿҵһȫµġڡ˽֮⣬ܽһƺڶڡ
Ӻ
ͬݣ벻ͬ硣
֪ӺЩʲôϲַ棬Ŀ⾼
̤
ַӺ



1241 ѧ
͵۹
ǰ͵ĳۻƥĸ֣ɽѹ
һ͵۹ı־ȣءޱɳʯɢַһƬʵ֮Уȫ롣
ΧʮţγһԲȦɢʮȻͬɫ쳹չ֮ãһֻųɫСַ֮ϡ
ӭˣһͣӺС顮ܡ
ʲô㶼ҡ
С顮ܡߣַͷĿɨʮɫĹţЩǷࣿ
ǵˡСܣֻҪʶɨ֪ܵݡ
ַš
ĿһɨԺжʱֳһ˼
֡Ƽߡַܿˣܼ򵥣ʶֻͣרעһܸо̲صġ
֣߻иϸķ࣬質ۻᡢϷȵȡ
ߣֵľ͸Ӿϸ壬Դ֮Ѫ
ű࣬ʡԼѰҵʱ䡣
ϲľֱȥ棬ϲҵϲҲҵȤȣһо˺øж
ৣ
ַ롮ߡš
һŵĸоǰȻһ£һ޴󹬵ΧĹ㣬ǽʶһϾͻᷢ֡
ÿһ㣬һʵʵڵ
ڡߡһУֻϸַĿܿ켯ڡѧһС֮һϲ漴ǽ롣
֮Ի10000澧ö͵۹ŵȹݣҪԭ
ѧϰ
ںҹˣҪҾ֮ͨǿ߿ν̵ѡ
Ϊǽ۹ǿ߾٣ҹо͸٣ΪСԵݼԽԽ١
͵۹һ
ɫߴ۹֮һ˵ǿߣϵСǿߣڶ͵۹ȱȽǡ
ǿߣ
ֻǶ͵۹׼ս
~ǰâԹַ롮ѧĹȸղҪ࣬൱ܼĵһַۣҪġš
γ̽ѧ

Ȩ޲ַҪ룬ȴ֮⡣
΢΢һ㵣ַȻ˲ʱɨΧйţܿ췢б仯γ̽ѧŲûɢâңĹ١
йâĹҪһ
ŵȹԼܴ󰡡ַҲΡ
ܡַ
ʱ䣬СĶ͸ĳ৵ĳǰˡ
ӺУܷȼַʵ
ܡܹӦ
ַʣԾŵȹݣټݵʲô
һܵ
ַӦ֮Ϊ׵ء
Ķ˿Թ׹ֻһţ֮ΪҲԹ㣬ֻš
ҪӺʵֵķַ
ּؾһĹʵҲֻߴ۹У۸񡣵ʵǣԼ򲻵
˹ʦѧӯȽ롮ѧ
ַܿҵ롣
ĹžŵģҲһСǻҰġ
Ŀγǵʦ¼ƵģŵǿɷۿȱȱԣҲ޷ʣֻܿԼ򡣡ܵ
ַʱһ
˵֮ǰںҹǶϿοɺöˡһѡش󣬵ڶֲ˷ʱ䣬뿴Ϳ򣬸õȴ
ȱ㡭
ûʲôģŵĵطͿ϶ȱ㡣
˿ѡ񡮰ѧѧ͡սѧܵУַ΢΢һ˵֡սѧǺ档
֮ǰںҹûеġ
ʲôսѧַʵ
ʦͨһսʱԴ֮ıʣսΪԴϵ֮Сĳϸ͵
ַͷ
԰ѧѧĽ壬˵ͱϹ޼γ̣һͨͼƬϿΣһ侳ȥҰϿΡ
΢΢ַѡѧ
ΪоԼ֮ͻֻ߾룬Ҫٴ¡ֱ͸֮ʣ㲦ؼӦڶʱͻơ
ǰ⣬ٴǰرԴ֮رԴ֮ǰ⣬ѵʱԶ
ܿ죬ַ֮ࡣ
֮
ʱ׺¡£ַȻٵĸоǰ¡¡׹ϣһǰһѧγ̡
öַ࣡־ϲ



1242 Ϊ
һҲһ٣١
ƵĿγ̣
Ҳ̫ˡ⧲µַ屻һԭΪʮѧγǶˣϰףû뵽üס
~ַһƽ
ȷ֮Ϊġѧַһεȷϣ漴ϸϸÿһ׿γ̣ܿ㷢ֲͬ
߼ʦҡγ18Сʱ2022롣
γ̹1000澧6.53ɹ0.0063%

ʦγ15Сʱ1036롣
γ̹1000澧5.87ɹ0.0027%

мʦγ12Сʱ77롣
γ̹3000澧7.12ɹ0.0101%

ַϸɨ
ÿһγ̶ܼͬƽһĿȻ
ܣʦ͵ʦʲô𣿡ַʵ
ڶ͵۹ΨǿϷΪʦΨǿ߲ſɳΪʦʦ͵ʦ֣ʵܵ
ǳм߼֣֮Ҳʵôַʡ
Ǹݽѧѧѧγ̵ֵۣһϵۺϣϸʦʦȼܵ
ַͷ
ʵ̡
Щʵܲǿѧһ
ղſĸ߼ʦҡʦ۵ѧγۼ۶1000澧ʦʵǿΪǿߣֺɹ棬Ҫѷɫ߼ʦҡһȡ
Ҳǰٷ֮١
ʦȸ߼ʦֺɹʤ
ǿߣϵĸ̳ڵԱǿ߸ַ̡ףǿߣ֮ΪҪǿ߸ǿ
ܣɸѡʮߵѧγ̣ʮɹߵѧγַ̡
õģˡ
Ӧʱַǰ磬ΧƵĿγ̻Űʧֻʣʮ׿γ̹㡣
ȷʮףǶʮס
Ϊ׿γظģߣҲɹߡ
סַĿһ
һۺԵ֣γǷǳ׶γ̵ѣԲγ̵ȵȵȣһѧۺϡ
ɹʣ˼ǳ׶൱ѧѧϰ
ϾεĹؼڡ
ɹͬʱһܴ󣬺ͳĸΪһ߹ۿĲֹһγ̣ѧսѧμӣǸḶ́˲
һôʯǰôһ²δʯõһһµʱʯˡ
˵һһ¾õģûǰһµۻòʯġ
֮Ȼ
Щѧγ̣֮ͳҲЩѧγ̣ĿΪͻơ
߼ʦˮƼ䡯γ9Сʱ1244롣
γ̹1000澧9.61ɹ0.9716%
мʦ¡γ7Сʱ111롣
γ̹3000澧9.59ɹ1.0086%
ˡַ
ʣֺɹʶǰʮλѧγ̣ȫǸ߼ʦγ̣ۼ۸ߴ10000澧ַϲʡʡˡ
γ̵ļλϵͳģʦȼѶ
߼ʦͳʦ1000澧мʦΪ3000澧߼ʦΪ10000澧
ž
ַ幺˸߼ʦˮƼ䡯Ŀγ̣ʱ1000澧
Ҳۣ֮ǰںҹϵĿγ̣ǻ2000澧˵ѧϵĽѧǰˮƼʦûıȡ
Ҫڶ͵۹ֻǳʦѧγۼۡ100澧
ףΪسԭʼصסѧϣŸ߼ʦˮƼ䡯Ӱһɫӣױ㽫˴뵽֮С
·ħ㣬۾ɢޱ
ֹһһ״һ߼ʦˮƼ䡯Ų׵Ϊ츳֮꣬˫ͫӵн
ľַܿ챻뵽ˮƼ硣
·һĻչس׵Ĺȣʱ䲻֪ȥʵַ̩Դǽ𶯣
֮ǰģһɲڻͨˮɡ
μַȻѣ¶˷֮ɫ֮ΪĿУʱˮƼʦ֮ÿһжġ
磬Ȼͬ
ˣȻܸоˮƼʦİľҪԼڸߵĶࡣ
ǿߣ֮Ϊܴء
ܿ죬ˮУγ̱ǽʱַ֮ΪõַȻһ¡
л㣬ˮƼʦˮƼʦַḩס



1243 
γ̣µ֮
Դǽ弶ַһԴ֮أƵǿߡԼڵ֮ΪϺǿûȣǿֻ塣
ⳬǿߵ壬ơ
ǰ⣬ӳصıԴ֮
ҵʵܴﵽ̸߼
ַ岢ż
Ĺ̺ҪȻ֮ǰķѸʱ䡣

Σ
Σ
ַظһһḶ́ȻˮƼʦĿγ̣ѾΪÿһζµ
ȻǸ߼ʦַ
֮ܽΪ⵽ȵز̫ѡ
Լ
ˮƼʦĿξͺӪ֮У򡣺ȣ֮ǰϹϡĿȫͬʶʲȥ

ַоԼС֮
10000澧ֵַԼľȻֻ϶͵۹ľŵȹ񣬵Ⱥǽ۹ȹõĶࡣ
ܣҸ߼ʦˮƼ䡯пγַ̡
õģˡ
ܵ𣬺ܿһϵеϣַ˫һ
֮ѧ
֮ѧ
֮ѧ

֮ǰ⡮ɢѧ
֮ǰ⡮䷲䡯ѧ

ǧѧγ̡
ַ㿪һʮֲˮƼڽѧ趼൱ɫ
йһ飬ַˬĹ֮ѧ֮ѧԼ״֮ѧ
֮ˮƼʦѧ⣬еѧ
Ҳ˵֮ˮƼʦΪϡ
صΪصĵǸ͸

˷ʱ䡣
ÿһγ̶̶10Сʱγַ̼巴˼飬Ҳ塢ʱ䣬ߵ˵ǵָһ˲
ַ֮֮֮ͬ״֮еΪ
ֻǸͻƵء
ˮƼʦٺãҲһ͡Σ֮Ҫߵ·һӡģӡ󶼺á
ˡַδ֮
רһֻһǾ֮ǰ⡣֮ͳ֮֮ʷӵ쾡¡
ǿǿ
ܣɸѡʮ֮ǰ⡣ַ
ǣˡӦ
ַš
ÿһǰⶼص㣬ǿƿǿ׵ȵȡͬǰ⣬Ҫֱ̫ѡ
ôжϡ
൱˵ѡһЩضۺǿǰ⣬δģȻѡ߶࣬һܡɫص㡣
ܿ졪
ৣৣৣ
ַǰʮϢһһУַ漴ɨ
ָף͡Զ빥Ѷȡסϵ4.788ٶȡɲǡսʵöȡɫں϶ȡͨʮָͷף಻ϡ
ɽף͡ԶԿɡѶȡѡϵ6.224ٶȡսʵöȡиߡں϶ȡá߾չɽ޿ɵֵ
ף͡빥Ѷȡͨϵ5.660ٶȡ졯սʵöȡߡں϶ȡϾ׽˰ȭںϣ

ʮǰ⣬ɫ
Ȼַ̣ܶҲ״ţЩ¶
һԣܶࡣ
ϵָ׼ߵǰı׼5.000-6.000֮䣬5.999Ǹ6.000˵ǰ⡣
ַš
ͬʩչͬһ⣬һЩǿЩѪǿЩǿ
ٶʩչٶȺ͹ٶȵƽּͨԿ죬죬죬ɲǣһ˲ʮȼ
ַܿע⵽ˡָס
ʮǰУٶ죬ȻٶȿĴϵСɽ׸պ෴൱ϵﵽ6.224ǰı׼ٶȴ
սʵöȣָ˲ϢսУܷ񷢻ַǳͣͣԵͣͨС
ں϶ȣǺ⣬ȭںϵ׶ȣּܲǿͨпɣá
ܵĽֱӣַܿס
ÿһⶼصص㣬ָףٶ൱֮죬սʵöȺܸߣں϶ҲͨʺսȱԶ빥ߡ
ףѶȣͨͨٶȣսʵöǰΪ㣬صں϶൱ˣʺ⣬ȭںϣ
ַ۾ƽ
ܿ죬۾ַѾ˴𰸡



1244 ôô
ûʮȫʮİ⡣
ַԼҪʲôûй˵֮ʣҲûʦ֮ѪҪ֮һӵֻǱ׼
ԣҪѡϵҪϵȣָİֱų
ȻϵѶȳȣԼַ廹ŵġ
ߣȻսַһֱսʱҪսʵöȡ͡ٶȡں⣬ɣʱ࿴ں϶ȡ
߽Կɡ
ַڸҪֱսġ
ΪַϣµĵħаػǿĵʱԵѡںϣǰѡ񵶷ںϡ
ͰԽԽǿ
ɽףһĹԶԿɵȫʵöȣսʵöֻǵ嵵ҹٶ൱
ַܿų
ǿĹҪֲܹЧ
׾սʵöȵ͡
آҺ䣬ϵ

׿ϵսʵöȣٶ
ܿ죬ų⣬ʣ¡ʮס
ʮսʵߣﵽڰ˵
ƽŵڵھŵں϶ȡ
ٶ죬幥ߡ
ַԸʺϣ幥ﵽ5.936ӽ5.999ޣٿΪ֮ʱһͷܳ˻ƣݡ

ʮϵҲ5.825Ҳٮٮߡ
ҵ壬Ⱥܡ
ˡַ岢Ѷ֮ˣ˲ʱѡ񣬿ҰⲢ˵ֻһʱ䣬á
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⣬ҲϿϱġĵʱ൱ա

ȱһ͵ˣ
ôǮж͵۹Ϣ̫ϧˡ
Ҳ˷ˣ
ꡮʮѧַ岻һЦһϢƵԣһĹĴ硣
ôô
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ǻ˵棡ƻصĺܿ졣
ַ廹δüػ˲ʱһϢҪȻôᱻϵΣôȤô
ʱûУַݸһЦôϷпճˣ
¡ÿᱻ߳Ϸ100СʱٽϷ
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⡮߻ħ淨ϳŹ֡
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ţ
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ڰǰдһΣһԼɾͻʤ
Ƶʵǿ̳ȲΣҾСʹʵֿγʵ
ʵϣܳסҹϵĶܸС
󣬻һģǮ澧
ͬ⡣ַҲ뿴ƺ«ʲôҩ
ͬɲǣַǰһ·ʱַ㱻֮ͨУռתһɫı̨ϡ
~
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ٺ٣Сֳȭֳƣһ£ǻһĨЦݣȻȫ壬Ȼ
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һŷǷ츳ƵѪҪĬѪǿĶࡣ
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ַҲͨϴκƵĽ̬Ӯơ
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ʱȭ׹
һĶãȭв裬Ƶ־ַֻ֮࣬侫֮ͨ
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ڣ
ַս׺սѥ¶ܡ
ͬʱŵ磬ʹַٶȱĸ죬ȡ׵֣ƴȻͣ׼ޣַδֹͣ
ÿһ죬һʱĥµġ
ħаػʩչֱַȡƣսԽսӲ۵ͬʱʱһΪаӰǰ⣬սʵöȺܸߡ
ǰϾǰ⣬һֱаӰ
ʱѷֱ֮񷡣
ţַеһʶ
ٿأΪ֮ɫƵ֮ܣƾ൱ˡкƳһɫɽ׺¡
ԶԶǰ
ǡַ循ѡ
ողſģɽף



1245 ڴ
𾪹𾪣ַķӦ൱ġ
Ե׵ǰ⣬ӲӣǱϾ6.224ϵƵġ֮塯ֱֲ
ˣ
ַ弲ٺ󳷣õ¶ʧ
һַ壬ֲַС
ƻУɽ׵ټ࣬ѸٵıУΪַķ׼ݣκλᡣ
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纣
Ĺַͱˣ£ʩչǰ⣬ַḻսʵǰȻһУܿ
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εı˱죬ˣΪһѣû뵽ĸɾ䡣
ܶࡣַ
һκƶսַ˵̶ֻȣһȴд衣̶ӣƲɽɹ֮Ϊء
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սѾӽеȣֻǸɡɽס޷ܺáַɽ׵ȱ㣬ǿսʵöͨȱǡ
ٶ
šϸš
սûõѣ൱ģսķӸĽѡƸǴ򲻹
ҲΪʲôһֱԭ
磬սܹؼ
Щ100սȴֻܷӳ7080Щֻ80սȴܷӳ100120
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ַƣһЦ˵ӦòѰɡ
ѲѡඥǵͷлȥҸҪ澧ȥδ䣬Ʊһʧȥ
ַһЦ
ʵղŻôţѾˡ
Ǻһۿѧôַк棬ӺǺܶ࣬ŵȹ඼òˡ
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ȻܣƵ֮ΪʮʮΪ⡮ɽסͻơ

ÿ桮硯ʱô
лַĵ

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ܿ죬ַͶ뵽ܲ͸У֪Լʹʱϵ˵̡̫
ҵǣַ岢Ҫʱǿ߽ǿߡ
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ַҪģǽеս̸ߵȡ
أַ屻һӰˡ
Ӻġߵȼûеġǽ۹еߵȼʵнС
ΪΪʹèĿܡ
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ѪҪ
͵Ѫʹٶȴ
ս͵Ѫʹս
ҵĹⰵ֮壬Ƶġ֮塯й֮޲ԭһװ⡮ַ壬µľ
ҵʵҲᷢԸı䣬ǿ̸߼
ַҪģ
ĵǽ¡壬峤ⶱǢʿƿض֢Ƽս̸߼ǿߡ
ο¡岢ֻ峤һˡ
Ҫƣħַ֮׼ȷ
Ϊİħ֮֮ѵһ֮ƫƣ֮ȫ棬֮Ҳϡ
Ҫǣڵơ̬Դڰħ֮
ħ֮ΪԽǿ̬Խǿ
ҵǿߣ̬ǿҶġַ尵

ת֮
ַйⰵ֮ϱ֮ʣ㹻澧ףַܿ첽졣
ѧѧսѧ
ϣ
еñʧ̶̲һ£ַ廨ѱ㳬20000澧ƣ󣬻һ֪̾ѣȻٶǶĪ
֮ǰҲӽ20000澧ַ彥оڴˡ
ĳʦ10澧
һ˵㹻ˣ10澧ںǽ۹Ƶϸԣ
һԭܴﵽٵĢϵɴҪ10000ӱңҲ1澧㹺ǽ۹Ģϵɴڰʿռߴﵽ5٣ҲֻҪ100澧
ʣ60000澧ˡַ
ʱ
ƵϢ
ַһѵ档



1246 
ҹǼʾƵ꣬7ҡ
Ϊǽ۹Ƶ꣬ҹǼʾƵڱһķǳɫ֮ļ棬ȫյнС
ַ塣ַ΢Ц֡
ơգչüһЦ
ϣ
ַƵһ棬òлЩƫģʵеġơеƸߴ󣬸ʣô졯
ңַɨǰıʶ
ڵļбʶͼڣƩ¡һֻɫ۾ѿЩ㤵ĸо
ҵıʶףӡ
ƿЦ֣
˵ţĿַɨȴʲôҲƶַ岻Ǻ档˵ַȳ֣ĳƫƫûбʶϡ
Ӧĳɵĵӣǰư

вˣַŽܿȻƱ񣬹µһŷŵġ
㲻֪Դģսֹһȡüɫ裬ָؿڹѫ£ȹˡ
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ڹ˰ͨ˵ܶ࣬˵벻ۡңǺǽ۹ʮ֮һȨ졣
¡ƵĽ¡17ϵ
Ȩ10000ϵ˿ڳ¡ǧֹдǿߣǿߡ
Ǽй涨Ⱥڣռݺϵó10000һҪǿ
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㲻֪ҿǴͷͺسСдһٻʤҸݹ󷽵ĲˣֱӸ50000澧㻨Ǯˡ˫Ź⡣
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سħؼҵ峤ΪŰ裬Ϊ⡮ɱĶࡣħؼңǺʮ֮һ
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ǫˡˬʶЦֵܵļⲻҰĶҶˡ
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ԼҪҪ޸̽ǱرģΪ򣬵Ȼ䣬ͨ̽ǿ̽ȫ
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1247 
硣ɫ
ַס
Ҫ20000澧Ϊ˻Լ磿
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Ϊʲôַ岻
һ氡Ʊ죬˵㲻֪һСĸˣңһÿζȱһ˵ĺܡ
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һָָ̾ؿڵѫ£磬Ƕ͵۹ľŵȹ񡣡
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Ⱥ֣ȣȺȡ˵ȹô֮һȹѣȹ۽ǶƳȹ
ȼݡλʵ
һȹ񣬽ֻǺǿߣȹϵ̼ǿߡ
ơͻһӶȹǿߣӦͬȹӣڶ͵۹ֻǾŵȹ
ͬΪȹߵȹ񣬶һƵǡ
ˡַͷɵֻǡʱȣҪʵʵ˵ûʱϷ
۾аСӡȻɽġ
֣Բǿ㡣漴һٸСʱһٸСʱʱҪҾǿΣ
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1248 һٸСʱ
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Ϊкܴһֹؼǡսս࣬ʵôǿޣħȥɱ
УҾҪѾţ֮
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1249 
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1250 ̫С
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1251 һȹ
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1252 ԴΪ
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1253 ɭ
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Ϊ졯һӣֹս
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1254 Ӿ
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֪ӾôַһӵĶȺз˸Ϣ
ʲôһӻص죬һʺš

ӾǶ֪ƺٺЦǿӺƣÿһսѵط
ۣһӾ
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ģиɭĿʿҡַ彫ղŵ渵ֱ˴۵СۣһȻ
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1255 ʱ
ַھӾҲ̽롣
һһսû˵ļս⣬ԭ̨վǻ᲻ַ壬ֻܿԼ
磬̨ս
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ȻҺôӾͭǿߣζϲˣͦء
͵ΪҲ֪澧
ܱǿһۡ
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겻ƺʹӡ
ʵȷܴӾĥǵ־̫Լһܸоõǵš
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ѹעˡ
ѹСӣ֮һ1:10
СӲСƥҪѹѹ֮ʦȻٵֻ1:5Ӯļʴˡ
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1256 Ŀ꣬¡
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1257 ӭ
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1258 ǹƥ
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1264 Ҳ
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طҶ֡Ҷһ֣ƬնǱ仯õ۹ĻǱѰʵĹ򾺼ҲһƬطҶ֣𾪲ѡ
طһּԻԵ
طҶǾйƻǵã˲ʧ
˫ػþ
ҶӴɫļֶ˹ǽַط
ޣǿĻذ׵ֽе
ʯǿˣõ۹ĻȻ٣ÿһǳͣӵо˻ΪطҶ֣ǿҲһҪɥʧڴˡظȼ
٣С鷳ˡЦ
ظȼĿתĶš
ٿȻ¶һ˿ɫǱ΢΢죬㵲ѣϯһƬȻֻ̨Ͽһ꣬һƽ̩Ȼ֮
߳طҶ˲ʱҶӱĿݻƣ紵৵¡
һƬįܡ
ܡҶȫס̵亹䣬ޱȣĶΧһĿɿڴ
ɱʮ֣֤Ҷʵϵġ
Ļþʵʵǿ

ַǿ
ǿ־ظȼ˫Ŀơ
Сӡ˫ذףתݵ¶һɫ
֮λΪϵеٮٮߡ
ļ
ȼȻڡ
ţ
㣬ƾ־ڶ̶˲ϢʱƽطҶô
ܡ
Ҳܡ

û˻Ҷ˫ۡ
ܻ廹쐻޵Ϊ಻ףǶĻΪǰֵһᣬַǰ̫Զ
䣬ַµʮֵ˶
һս׾١
ϯһƬžַʵ˱꼻һ֣ܽʮֿĲʵ
ȫλûж̰ļǿʵ
μӡַƽûһ˿ýĴ㡣
һߣ֮ϣܼսȥ
ֱܱ̭Ϊֹ

ôظȼ
˵жСӵ־̾Ϊֹذס
кܴǱظȼǰʮһֵķӣɻ֮
ʮֵսҾ϶֮
תذף־ԼƷ˵Ҫ
ţʵˡظȼĿεȻѿַ壺вǱڣûҪ۹ˡ
һһᰲš֡ظȼ
ۣյͽܣ
ظȼͷһţӾʯǿߣδ¶档
ƲƲ죺޳ܵļһ
ظȼΪ롣
ᷭ˸ۣһ˵ʲôʲôı顣

ʮ֣ͬһºС
ַδϣ԰ʥʤûôŽսǿߣĥԼսġ
֪һսذܣַҲ

вˡַһĵոоȫͬĵĴ쳣ǿң쐻޵𵴣ͻƵо
ϡ
ַ֮ԪŹâ
ϸȸԾޱȣ档Դǽһ࣬ıԴǽַĵ
һ飬һ顣
ž~ͺʲôƿСӵ
绨ŭţչֳ
䣬ַо쐻ڣͷһĵǿʶʶ츳֮仯ɫХ
ϣ



1265 Ŀ
ǣ
쐻޵ϵĿ֮ԪǷ仯֮ԪĶˣ··ѿһ˿϶ɲǼԣ໥ӡ
~~
֮Ԫͺһֻ۾ܡ
֮Ԫ纣ĸַоԴԴϵӿ֣ǿ֮Ԫˮ㣬ͣĳȡ
ֻҪӵ㹻ˮɵĿ纣
Ϊǿߡ
ϵĿ׼ȷ˵ǡ䡷Ļãƽַϵ֮·ӵдеĺô
ԯʦ˵ĵ㣬ٵġ
Ϻ֮ԪҪմɱ纣
ӽ纣纣
Ҫ൱ֲ㲻ϵգ츳ǿҪǧꡣַ˵ܼ򵥣ΪԴʯ
㹻澧ַҪա
š
ʱ仹ܳԣü
һֱ֮ǰȻ޷Σ쐻޵֮Ԫɱ䣬Ĵ֮ǰ
ַȻЦ

ӵУʥݱĽš
Ұ۹ĉħÿһսѶ˺Ƭ
ǰѪȣˬ
Ҿ۹װսѾвܱɵ׶ɫÿһսǸɾһնɱ
Ϊõ۹ġ
ŰʥݱĽУڶࡣ
Ӿ궼δһ֣ҵ͵ľΪѡεأ˹ע
һ˵ǿ϶й
Ψǿߺǿߣܡ
񉉻ħЩ۵ģǰʥڴţʵʯϵȡַͻ𣬵˶ĳַʵҲ͸ʯ
ܴʮ֣е
ʥʮ֣9
ɶ͵۹ս͵۹
һ˧˵΢Ц֣湫ģһĽɫӣͷƼìѪۡ
ַһҲǵһβ֪Ȳߡ
ʼնЦı飬Ǹʤȯա
˼ˣ֡սһʼȷˣнɫìһ򿪣޾֮ӿ
صϵַ廹ǵһμ
⣬еĽɫìӵ൱ǿĸ
һַ֣Ѹоѹǰ湫ӣǰʮֽսÿһֶҪǿַ岻ٱʱȫԸ
ɫ֮ԪХգƱ֮ǰǿ
ɱǿ쐻£չֳǿȻ񣬵дʵеγΡ
սڡ
ţظȼվ
ϡŪذ׵Цèˣȼ
ظȼֱ·ִʱս˭Ҳκβ˭سǿַһ󴸣ֵÿһҵķѡ
壬һǿظȼš
ַĹ۲Ǵӵֿʼģ˵ַ֤ʵһʼĲãľޣٵЩ𾪡
޵ɿˣѹôӡ
ظȼĳ򲻶࣬һ㣬óս֮䵱֮
ЦҪһŻأ
ظȼҡͷܡ
壬ذת糵սûʲôǲܵġ˵䣬ʱȻͻ䣬ɫЩѿַ巴Ϊ
ǣظȼüͷһ塣
ǽذף츳֮Ϊ̼
ظȼ˫ȹâ

ʥã
ԴʪŽʥڣǲ۲۵Ľ޻þʮʽ˫֮Ϻڵǿ
ʥá
УһɫɢɫâڵֳɫʪţÿһɫʪŶǻӰȴӵǿҵʥ콵
~~~~~
ɫâ֣γһյĵش
ʵȷƽ⣬ַᣬΪɲǱѽƿԼС
ʵʯ
ַȻǿ
츳ַ̤̼֮岻ӵиǿ壬սʽǶ䡣
һһ
ǿΪտ
ʥѹ£ܿ챻ַĩ·°ܾ֡
䣡һ£ĹһƬȻ
УתذףЦظȼˡ
ظȼĿġ



1266 ҪǶ͵۹
ʮַ֣һ·ƽ̹
ʮ֣ʮַ֣һƥ̬ظȼδٸַġ鷳żһλԣٶЩˡ
ܿ죬ʮ֡
ʣ˸ߣʤʮֱ֣ʯܻðʥ߼
֮ǰܸߵҰ۹۹ᣬС
ʮ֣һ֡
һβǰѡ󣬶ֳʣ˸ԼѡֱӶս
٣ȼһŻṷ̂ôȤ
սʯеȲΣһ֮Сظȼ˫ֻأɫƽأȥˣ
ٺЦʥ߰˵¡
ظȼ˫һƣʥ߻ˣ
һذתջ񡣡
ظȼ٣Ŀ¶˷֮ɫ
ģʥչǣһǵĴôῪЦٿأһߣǩˡ
ظȼĿһɨüͷһء
Ǻܺðʼ硣
ظȼνӮӰۣһԾһɰȥʥ

ӵڣһƬȻ
ַ廹δǩҲҪٳ飬߸߶꣬ʣһλãһս۹ᣬ֮һ
ܺáַк⡣
鵽ģҰ۹ĉ۹ᡣ
£⡣
ʮֹ󣬵ȷھȴɵģβμӶνҲûκνһ㼤ˣܻռһ
˶ַһΪսս
Сӣܲҡ΢Цһҡ
ϧĽ֪Ӧһ־ͷ˵ЩҲˣǺǡ
İɣһġ
˵ţתȥ
ַԲͽϴ࣬˵Щ޷ѹ
һǰʤδַ֪嵭ȻЦЦ漴һϢǵĳֵ硣
ãһ
ϵߴ۹ַϵģϵǿ߻֮ءһεİʥַʶϵĹ
ƽ𼶵ĲξôʵĶ֡
ڻƽ֮ϻʯߵľ
ϵԻַʵ֪ڵƽ֮٣ʯǷëǣЩνġߡʱĶѻԪĴ
Ϊǵֻǿߡ
ʥľսд졣
۹ġ뻢۹ġšַžϵһһħڶݽܹǿߺܿչɱ
ϵ˵಻࣬˵ȴҲ١
壬ħ壬֮ķ֧綫͵۹Ķ壬۹壬ʵҲǶһģɳ֮Ϊ塣
ʮǿǿߺƽ˸߷۹ж͵۹۹λ
žļսַĿԶ
һഺŮӣѩһ׵Ƥ߸ߵķ𣬱һһ峤ĺɫ󹭣СһǼһһѶ̽
ƺоַĿ⣬Ž޳͵ŮתͷƳַһۣ߰Ŀȸתͷ
ַ΢ȻһЦ
ܽ뵽ʮֵģûһǷ֮඼š
ᡣַ
Ƕ͵۹һ֧ʸ塯ĺᣬ֧ڶ͵۹൱࣬͵۹Ǹӻĵ۹
壬ħ壬壬֮
˼䣬ǰսĻ۹ġ뻢ƵĹջʤҰ۹ĉ֮һ
Ķ֣õ۹һŮӡ
ûбţѴ֮Ӯµʮֵսʵġ
ǵս
۹壬Ͷ͵۹ͬ۹Ⱥʮֵһųɶ壬Ϊˣ۹۹Žᣬߴ۹λλ
ַϸۿⳡս
ʵϣԺʵǱȽϺģŮַĶ
ţַͫܿԭ
һ˫ߣӵͫͫΪԾ˼ץսȨ
ĶӲƴŽȴǿ֮ĩ
ں˿ѷɫĽ£սʤ¡
͵۹ʤϯȸԾӾһԾַҪǶ͵۹
ַ΢΢һ㵣ЦЦ
Ȼַ쳹뾺



1267 
ᣡᣡᣡ
˷ܻ֮һЩŮΪ顣۹᲻ֹòʵڣһһġ
ŮУ覵İӡ
һ΢Ц˫֣ܻ
ϲСߡ۹ġ뻢м
ֻɫҲҰ۹ĉףĿ¶˶͵۹С飬ôǲһĳ
ǰģ˭˭ӮǸδ֪°ĺ
Ұ۹ĉЦȻСĲҹάʵ΢ôһģܱȶ͵۹СҪǿ
Ҳôá۹뻢Ц
֮ܡ
ʲô˼Ұ۹ĉ뻢һȻ֪ơ

ڡ
ʸ˲תذף˵
ʸ壬óһ峺͸ģΪǸһȡظȼ˵ὣȺֲʸսȱ㡣
ϧωҪ䡣
ظȼֲ㵽ŮԭŮӡ
һЦܺǸܽһ¾ˡ
ظȼͷ󡣡
һţ˵Ǿصţϵ޼һźѰصҪ
รʼˡһ

ս
ʥһ
ٿһʼʩչУ˲һƬɫװսף΢΢εɫװսףӽ㡣
ʵսʯϵȵġ
̼ɫװս׵ģûУΪ޷ܣУ˼ɫװսѾ츳
ᣬԿ϶֮һ
壬иɻĵ۹Ԫս
ĽϣǿѪ壬ߴ۹ӵϵ۹
䣡սŨŨһ
սоӻ档ַǾ棬ͬսսԴӶεıȫ̬սܺͱԴϣȷǷ˼
Ȼ֮ͬˡ
ⲻַһȴǵһμĿԪսӦ˵ǡԴս
ǺǵѪйأǡɣַ֪
Ѫûа취Ǽɡ
Ҳա
սַҲ룬Ҫľǳսֻܡһǰȷûսʤİա
һºڡ
ԴԴϵĽ֮Ԫӿ֣ѷ쐻ϣֵˮַͷŵס
~~~
ַ˫
״̬ͽĽϱַ循˱ɫַȫĽɫâ͸뼡֮Уڽ

Σ
ɫʵ࣬ͻƺַ⼸һֱεǴɡ
ȫ汬£Ƿǿ߶ġ
壡Щͬȼ³ħǿߣ弸޵еģǰⲻ֪꣬ȴǿ
һӴӡ
ৣ
ĵַɱܿӿĻս˲䱻ַ廯ȥƴ˳תۼַĵѺȻ
ٶôô죡ҧš
֮أַĵѷɫһȣȴֲһơƺжٱˣףӽɫװսչǿѪ
ϧսֶμḻַ塣
һʱӣ
ʥáַܿ췢
ǹ
Ǹ
ӵǿ־ַ壬ܽڵ쾡·ӡУһɫתɫʪţȻ¡
~~
ɫâ֣γַɱ
ɶ񣡡ᱻƵЩҡ
ɫͷŵѹӰǧһսݵðģ촽ҧѪǿ־ս
ַȥĶֲͬ
ַսͲ
䣡䣡
һ磬һƬƬʮֹâ£ַĵȻϴݻ־ͽޣõ߹Ŀࡣ
ǿ
̫ˣ
Ᾱһ㻹֮ûУҵѽ
ֹǹڡ
Ұ۹ĉ˶ǿû뵽⾹һһ浹ıڣսңַս졣
ᣬˡ˫⡣



1268 Һ
¡
ַ岻ϵĹڵǿѹ£չһܡһʼ𣬾עذɡ
⣬ЩŮǴ㵲ѡ
֤ǵİӣӸ߸ߵ̨ˤ䣬ˤķǡһִ֪꣬һѺɫսǵΡ

ʱ͵۹߷ˡ
ۼַܲһᣬѹԵĴʤĵˬл˲䱬ڵձȸղźʤʱ
ַûʲôо
һĶ֣㡣
ৣ
ַĿֱ̨ЩȻĉ߶ʱɴ۾ھ㤵˫ȭһգ̨ùϯϺǷڡ
⡭нĲҲЩȻ
û£һ¡ַ˵ղһս˵ֻ
Ҫָô˫¶ɺâ
áַ
ɷЦʱɱڡ
ȻᡣַһսȻսڣܻǻȼգõַ㹻
䣡䣡
һһħʱսһ

ڡ
ظȼ𾪡
ʶСʵذף̾
ûнһظȼһۼַ֤һǿ·̲ܺζħǿظȼš
̫ˡ
ʲôе
ŵȹ񡣡ظȼ
üͷһ壺ܰɡ
ظȼĸǰȷһ֮󣬲ſʼ飬ԭĶ͵۹񡣡
ޣݣ
ظȼͷ˳ϣ֮ŷݣԺǽ۹ַ壬һȹ񡣸յ¼ϢãӦµࡣ
ǽ۹ü
Ҫظȼ˵Ժǽ۹޹С
еԶḩ·
ظȼеһЦһصţԶٴĴ۶ֵá
ҲǡЦ

ַԲ֪һֱע
ʱ͉սҰ۹ĉȫͬͣȻϾħ壬ǿ׳
ַ˫£Ҳռˡ
ħħǿľޣַİΪΪǉĪġǿĵطģִš
üҡ뻢̾
šᵥֲ¶ġ
Ȼͬͨʮ֣˺ǵʵʱھмսһһħͨʮֺʤҲûʲô壬ֻΪսս

ջ죬ҲǸܵǼս飬ǿǿԿļҡಫƾУƴȫ
ⳡս˭˭ӮѾҪ

ڡ
Ӯˡβ¶һĨ˷ܡ
սĸǿظȼͷԽǿ־ԽܷӳԽΣѣԲôߣ־ȫֲȱݡ
ԳΪʥصš
Һ⡣
ظȼЦԴġ
žԡѪӰͺԼԴһϤж
Ѿܾûָоˡ
վظȼת߳ᡣ
ιȼȥģ󺰵
ظȼţӰʧȥһ

ʥսĻ
ַ͉һսӮúȲʣǿ׳֣ȵ҉ˣʵǳǿ
Ҳַա
սͬһֽʽǿ߼ϧ
ķ𣬰֮ǰĺƣֻΪⳡлĻ֮ս뻢ԲȥսҲ˵֮ΣӮҲʵ
ˣ
ʽһʥĻ
ھԶ͵۹ġ
ֺޱߡ

~~
ַӰٿس֡
ǡַĴܣлýĲرطһ޴Ի͵ĹΧһΰȻĵĿɨа
ţַ֮һ
ʥ
˵ʥɰʥ
պа
ûǰʥԶַ嶨һڹ첽һΰΣһ˫ͫǿգɢǿϢ
ҽһ¡
ǺʥظȼԳƺΪظ
ߣһֱ۲ַظȼ
ǰʥÿһλʥ˶հʥ񡣡ظȼ΢Ц˵
롭ʥˣ
ַ



1269 þҲ
͵۹ãҰʥ͵˶á
Ұʥһһʥߣػ͵۹ظظȼŨŨԺǣǶ͵۹ļ
ڶ͵۹κȺǶҪϹϾ
ж͵۹ĴСС԰ʥհܼʥÿһ͵۹ߵҫͱԸ
ַ壡
ظ͵һȣõַĻȻһɫٱ䡣
ģ֪ݡظȼƽⲢӰҶۣӢĪʳҰʥֻߵǱƷУԣǳ
ַ尵һ
ʥͨ󣬾Ƕ͵۹ǿ
ڰʥһˣ񶫻͵۹Ҫ㡣ظȼʺ㣬ɲţǱġ
ֻǰʥ
һΪˣʥ߹ġصšȨλ
Ը⣿
ظȼĻȴ˿ûκȵ
ʥΪ͵۹ļһ֮֮ϣȷʵʵַ˵һǧѷĻᡣ
֮ԽӾһԭϣ֪ȡ
νþҲ
Ը⡣ַͷ
ظ¶һĨЦݣӭʥ

ַ뿪Ӿ
㿪ѶϢһ¶һĨЦݣʱȺȫը˻ȻֻԼƣͻһˣȴֲѡ
ϴ̫ţXˣ
ֱ̫ˣʥĹھۣ
磬ðŶ
ַμӰʥδˡ
꣬ȥӾ⣬ʱʱɱ̨ս̨սѾϵΡ
߶ֻһ֮ң
Ͼ磬Ӿûıȣַǿص㷢ӲֻܿͰսʵۿۡ
ƨַѾĺ졣
ģϴҵϥǹǣ˷ܵ㵸㲻֪ղڹϯ϶Ѻˣսǿ߼ֱţˣ
ǿߴ۹Ķǿߡ̾ѡ
һ¶Цݣһ綼˵ˣģǻš
ţܲô۹ᣬҰ۹ĉʲôţϴǰ޼ɵЦѣѾʯ˰ɣ
ַš
ʤʥʮ֣˽֮⣬ȼֱʯ
ʯʯɸ̾ˣ˵ʯǿߣÿһʵɿǿߡ
ǻ˵ƲƲ죺ɱҼЩǿǿˡ
ַǫʵҲûôʯϻоǲǿߵļޡ
һһӲЩʵԶҲ˼ߣ츳ޡ罫ͻ˼Ҫǿˡ
ǡƵϴһҪΪϵĴҪŵǰ
ַЦЦûⰡһĻ
֣
ôܰ˼ˣһӽ
ʱһƬЦ
һ˼䣬ꡣ


ôƣϢôַʵ
ϴǲԸӡһ̫̾УҼľڿǺңǿǺпвֹһǿߣ鼰ǽ۹
ַ̾
˵ӰǺҵȷ̫Ӵɱ֯ҲҪһ¡
ɱȷʵЩǲõĵˣҲԸȥǡ
ûԸԼһɧ
50澧ӵ100Ҳôַʡ
ǮʥáصšȨбһ100澧Լ𣬱һŵԼʮ
Ǯ⡣Ƶ
ˡ
ַҲ׼
֮ǰӥҲôܾģһҸ桪ǺңҪǡǵ峤չһͷǣƽʱѾܱ壬ŭĻǷ
ãԻỤס
ֻܿԼˡַϾвܵϣ
ɽɽᵹ˻ܡ
ΨпԼ
ǿ򣬻дʱ䡣
ҳڽļǿТɴ£꣬ܵ򡣡
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ʱ׼
ʱգһڸ
ܺڿǺңҪɱѱȵ죬ַ˵һòεĴ̡ɱ򽫻ֹΣѡ
ꡣַȭ
ģٹ꣬ʵܴﵽʯĶˣߣ



1270 ؼƪ
ʱ䣬㹻ַ岿׼ܶࡣ
İصҪӵĲʵףַѡϺ֮Ԫɱ䣬ʣµֻ㹻
~~~ԴԴϵַ롣
ӵк֮澧ַﾡã츳֮ӽ纣纣ҪҪ֮ԪգټѵʶҪǧꡣ
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1271 
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չİŭڽ˸ӣҪ͸¶ϢͰСץˣ
ǿ״Ŵչ˾ͺһͷëԵĺη塣
İɱáչĿͶѲ޵ֻҪСӸҳ֣Ҷܻ׽㣡
л硣ҧ촽¶һ˿̬
˵˵ԼˡչЦһ˫§ˡ
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1272 ǿݼ԰
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1273 Ҳ
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ݼ԰ҵϡá
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1275 
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ǣǵǿ߾ϥأû嶯Ȼ촦
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1277 һ·˳
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ʥߵľǾӢ·ߣǺʥߡҪԡٶ̼˼ǿߣһʥߡ
ʥߣϵ۷
ʥÿһյľӢţһΪţţһԼߵصš
ŵĿ꣬ΪǿߣҲŵļޡ
ַղġܹܡħǿߣһǿߣÿһšǰʥ࣬ųɵߡ
ţĿǳΪʯ߼ǿߡ
ͻƳΪʥߣͬ΢
һţصţĿǳΪʥߣصţÿһǰʥصصųΪʥߵļʸߴһɡ
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޷ΪʥߣһصŻ϶Ǿ߼ǿߣϵεк绽꣬ңսʥҲ֮
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ϵУصŷëǣÿһߴ۹Դʥжַһᱻ۹
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ˡַת԰ܹܵͷ漴̤ϽɫԲϡ~~ŹۣɴϽɫԲ϶ȥ
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1278 200
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ٴӶ͵۹߾ǽ۹
ܹܵһƽַ循
ζ̾봫ͣ
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ĳʥǺгԼ롣

ܿ죬ַͰܹܴһʮ˻졣
ܹȫ׽ܹܰ׺һǿߣࡣΪߵǻһ·ܹܰ׺һ岻ս԰׽ļսƽƽ
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ܹܣĦĦʯǿҲʲôԹԻ߲Ϊ֪ÿһصǰ;Ϊļֻո𲽡
ͨصţʯǿߡ
ͳǣ´ࡣ
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ǰԺաĦĦʯǿνһ˵õȮ죬гһַܳΪʥߣǶɡ
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⼸죬ַҲδô
һԼĵϵСһ¸飬һӰܹܿе֪͵۹ϵߴ۹һЩϢʥһС
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˼ȴǵסġ
ÿһӡַ
飬顭
ַ˵ĲƸ



1279 β
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βˡַ˵
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һ˵ԼҪʮ
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֮һͰ顣
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1280 ͵۹
˾ַܿ쿪ʼ
ʵþַԭͬһʱֻһԴ֮ͬʱԴ֮
ǻӰġ
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1281 ľ
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200ڰʿռУԶȻǶַƽ˵ϾǴδй˳ķС
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ԹٶȷУҪ48000꣬ʱ⣬ɴйܱɻʯ
͵۹Ͼϵģϵ뾶Ϊ60000꣬롣ַ˵200ǰУʵܿġ
ƽһ֣Ц200٣ҲҪ240갡ʦ֡
ôࡣַҡҡͷ
ܹһ΢Ц͵ڰʿռ䣬кܶεĿռ𵴣ʱãܼӿٶȣԽϵģ仯Խ󡣡
ᷢĿռ۵ʷ籩ȵȡ
һ48000ľʮ֮һƽ㣬24ҵõĻ10ٶܡ
24ꡭƽٿЦѡ
ڣҲ47꣬һó̽һ¡
ַͷ
ݵķУпٵĶ̾봫̫ͣķĵ澧ҲࡣǼŸ·һ㲢Ƽ
ΪʱѾ
ϵ֮㣬ʱķɿ졣
24ʵָһ˲ϵǿ⣬ǧѾȥҲַΪʲôڵһԭ
ʱ죬˲á
ڵַ岻ˣԽ̵ӣȫ
ʦܣƣʥ7ж߳أ˯һ͵ˡַ˵ʥ7ΪϵĳXɴö൱ȫġ
߳ؾΪ˷ֹ;ƣ붬״̬Ըά
ϵĿƼʮַ
ֻ˵˵ѡƽĿɨһϵǿߣٺЦôǿһ֮ء
ַЦЦ֪ʦƽٴʲô⡣
ԼЩƽ˵õġдطôõ
ʮóַ̡ͷ
ʦƽٵﶫ͵۹ʱʵһȵͨʥĿˣΪŻǶš
Լ
ọ́ȫֲһ¡ַо

һ
һַһָʮ֮һ꣬һָʮ֮ꡣ壬ַɱʮ֮ߵꡣ
߳ɵսսҲ̫ࡣ
纣ʱֻ
ʱ
ԽкܴҪ
Ψʶɱ纣ʱַڵѳɹһ»Ҳ㹻ˡϾḶ́һҪһ꣬һҪ꣬൱֮
ָԽ࣬ķʱԽ
ͳΪ1ź2ŰɡַĴ1֮2֮ͬʱ
Ϊ֮Ϊ簵ءڰ֮أҪָһ㡣
֮ڶأѶԵһЩ
֮Դǽ;ԽĵζſøأΣַȻͣڣǷȱľԴǽǼǡ
Դǽ弶һࡣ
ҪԴǽһǧࡣ
ͱһģһתѪⰵ֮壬⡢°빦ַ屾С䡷ƪ
ĵһ򡮵
ľ
ص
һ֮
츳֮쐻ޣ־֮羳磬֮
µӣľǿ־Ʒʡϵʱ쾳תϣмǣ
ƪУľǺĵƪ֮
൱֮Ҫ
ٻͽӲԵҪ󣬵ľȴ⡣ַϸһҳһҳķ۾Ķţš
ľԶĵƪҪ
󾳡
˾Ǽǿߵ
ؾǼǿߵ
쾳ϵǿߵ
ʥڶǿߵ
񾳣Խڶ
ÿһ󾳣ϸ·ء
˾ΪתؾΪת쾳ΪתʥΪת
~~ַһ
ʦȷʵʦԴʥȫλ֮·Լʦ֮츳֮һ·Ҫģֻ谴Ͱ
ֻҪʹһܳΪڶǿߡ
ӻʼɡַ۾ܿľ
Ӽѣһ
˾תʼ
ַҲ֪δͳĿǰһΣ



1282 ó̽
໣¡¡~~
ַһƬģƻãΧצÿһѹƬΣɡ
Ȼַȴǲɽ
𣬱Ϣδаҡ
ԭǺתַܿףÿһתʮӣתܼа
ľΪԴͨأһ籾Դ֮һ硣
ľһԿףԼ뵽Ƭ硣
ַܿӦ
תϾֻǼΣľ׶в磬ԼǿԺԲơ

ǼΣת
ַ

ľӡ
йתַ壬ܿתҪ
εɫƬ涼ڸǣǿҵչַСȻҫУַȻǣƬġ
ÿʱỵ̈Ȳ
Ȼַ˵ȻǺԲƵתȴľпĶ࣬ʮơ
⣬ֻǸոտʼ
ַ쾳תϵΡ
ʦҪϵʱ쾳תϣ
໣
һתȻͬ
̤쾳ֻһɫĳ֣ʧɫɫۼ׳ѹ˫ͫǿѹȸӿ
ȵؾת졣ַ尵⡣
ģҪĥ¡
ַ쾳һתʼתתתתܿ쳬ʦҪֱתʱַеѹڳܷΧ
쾳ת
ǿ
֣綼ַƯںеĸľԮ΢΢Ĳȴַ־Ǽǿ
ǿַܵѹ
δܹľ޴ѹÿһۻƥ޾ÿһɲǣַ嶼оԼ
һ˿һƣ۳ɽӣ󺣡
ַڵȱľԶԶ֮
ϵ߲Ρ
ַڴ
֪쾳֮ϣʥǺεǿ
һԾ
ַпսģӲη塣ʥһתȻرѣһɫһ˫ɫͫϼâɼ
໣
Уַۼצѹ̤£ַ˫ĿУСӰӲǳסǿ
QQ
ַֹסǿ־壬ĵ֧šҧأַƴ־ɫγɶš
ણ
ַ亹£ɫԽӲ԰ס
ٿء
ž
ַ۾Ǽ٣ؿڼԺɲɫģ
Ǻڶַ崭¶һĨЦݡ
һַƽ
ղʥһתʵ޷ֵƾ־ǿе֧š
ľʦԣôǴ߹ģҪĥ£ǿеĥ´߹żУԡġˡ
ַʦ⡣
ܶ£ǳǿӲõķĳǰУδزѡ
ַȶ
ղŵĥ£Ҫһʱƽٽʥһתȷܴ󣬵Ϣʱڡ
ʵЧʷ쾳תߡ
ȴ򣬴쾳תʼ
ֱܲĽʥһת١
ַ֮·ļƻ

ʿռУʥ7żǰС
ַ壬ƽ٣ܹܵˣץʱ48000ľ뿴ƺܳөĻѾֻʣλ
66ꡣ
ʮʱ䣬ָš
һ·ʥ7żִﶫ͵۹
ϵ˵ʮĺܿ죬ַ1ź2żûͣЪһֱԴ֮չɹҲ൱ϲ
ַ屾壬Ǳľͬʱϰ
ֹľʥϼתΪʤڶǿߣ˳İؼޣַʵ
ŵĵͬ
սգȻַ嵥ƾʵǿߣȫԸܺʮĸдսֻĦĦʯֵܱЩࡣ
ĽѾ൱ϲ
ƽٽͬСʮǿߣʤճǽ۹ʱַ塣ʱ̰ܹܣĦĦʯֵܣƽ൱
ݣ
ʥ7ţٵķɳۡ
һռ۵֮ǽ48000ọ́Ŀĵء
͵۹ַ˫ͫڴâ
Լ̤ϵġ



1283 ʥд
롣ܹ˫ᱧء
ַš
Ӱʥ7ŲĿޱ߼ʵǿգһֲ֪Ľ״ʣﳤʲ״Χܶ࣬Ưǿ֮С
ÿһϣɴҲֹһҡ
ǰʥдܹɫȻﶼ¼ʥߣʥҪĵһ¾ǳݰʥ񡣡
ַͷ
ǰһǺ¡
ʦܣԵȡַƽ˵δʥ޷ǰʥ񴫳д
áƽӦ
ַ԰ܹܵͷ
漴˱̤շɳۣǰλá
ʥд

ٷɳ˽죬ַǼʥдľ
Զַꡣ
ܹ˵һϵÿһǳƬ֮ļԶһ㡣
ַš
Ŀʱоһۺǿ֣ǰʥдŴǿҵѹʹ½
̤̤
ַͰܹʯƵĵϣۻϢƬءַ̧ͷȥԶİʥдѹ£ߴΰ֮羴
ȥɣܹܹ
ַͷ
;аܹܹʥдһЩǣע
ֻ½߲ܽ룬һΡ
ʥʥô
ַǰȥԶܼΰĴƬǿѹ֣ܿһϥ˫ĿһҲ
ţ޷ڵģðʥеļҲ΢΢
ߣ漣
ϾҲ
ǰ·ϣżǼַ壬Ƴַؿڡصšıʶ޲¶Ľ֮ɫ
̤
ַ
ѹ̩ɽ£ַ͵һо˫۾ûܣȫ͸
ʶѹַǰ
һľ޴ʥÿһʥжйʥÿһ𶼴аʥߵһĨʶ
ĸߺʥģͻᱻʥߴС
ʥǰ򣬷ֱǹͭɫɫԼɫŵʸȨֻýͭɫһŽɫ򣬶صŽ벬ɫ
Խ൱Խӽʥ
ôеļҲԽߡ
صţ
һصţҵģ
Ľˡ
һ˫˫۵Ŀַ롣
ʥڶ͵۹겻һȷĹƶȣʥؾӢԽǱʥԽԴ
ŵţٵһ죬߼صš
ֹߵ츳ۣʥӳ̶ȣԴַɼһ㣬ʿʮ㣬ǧɰʥ7ַ壬䱸һܻ
⣬ֻصŴһС֡
ʢдˡ
ʵܼ򵥣ţһŻôǱΪʥߣ˷ѴС
صžͲ̤ͬڶʾͲС
ԴУԴ̤࣬ڶļࡣ
ţַһˡ
һУһഺŮӣѩһ׵Ƥ߸ߵķ𣬱һһ峤ĺɫ󹭣Ǻᡣ
ڰʥУͬʮֵʸŮӡ
ʱ˫͹µԡһƬ֮УʥΧһƬɫâֵĵư㽫
ʥߴС
ַܹ
һŵʥߴмʻǲģһ֮䡣
Ȼˡ
ַ΢΢һЦ
ô˴ѷǵУҲΪˡ
磡
ַʥдɫĵһ㵭ɫԣӳİʥʥޱȣϢѹҪŨĶࡣ
̧ͷַǰʥ֮
ǻִǹ˫׵磬׳ǿޣǳβͲ䡣ָʥ֮Уֻࡣ
͵۹Ͱ󣬳⣬ħ֮
ʥֳ֮š
λʥߣ77
λʥߣ18
λʥߣ5
ַ
ʥҲָ£ʵԽߵλԽߣڰʥдеҲԽߡʥߵһٸʥߵĵλߵ͡
ϷλʥߣΪǿҡ
ַһ۾ͼһִսʥߣߴΰ޳սչ־˵⣻ʥ֮ħʥߣһʥߣһҲʥߣȴŮӡ
ʥߴУӦôַܺ档
䣬ٿء
~~~
貰ɫâ



1284 ʥߴ
һʥüĴİ׹⡣
ʥߵڲɫ棬һֱ׵ԲΣַ˫֪ʲô˼ζʥߴи衣
ֱֻ׵ԲУܻøʥߴС
󣬴Ľ֮
ַĿʥߣһüëѹӣִһѱͷһ̫ǳıǣȶǿ
⡣ַ尵
֮Դƣⰵ֮ϡ
δ䣬ٿһɫâ۴ȴһʥߴг֣ɲ֮䣬ɫâ
ĵ
ַȻ
ЩһţţһĿ࣬Ŵ죬޲Ȧһʥߴвϡ棬ÿؼŶܻãʥߴоˡ
ʥߴУֻ˵δ
ʥߴж·ġλʥߡ
ַعȻһЦ
Ҳ˵ڲʥǡʥˡ
ĿɨʥߵַδƽɲǼŨİɫâ£Ⱥ׹⣬мʥߵַͫ׷Ŵ
λʥߣ
˵λʥߵĴһùλʥߣؼʲʺԼƽ˵ѡѡλʥߡ
̫ˣ
һ˻ǹﰡ
9ʥߴУѽһҰɣ
ַ󷽣һ˫˫۵Ѫӣ޲ýַڣʱоŸȦַԼѡ
һҲòַһá9
ңûн
~~
ѹԴԶˣΰߴǿλʥߵִλʥͫеĵйһ㣬s
ǿĵ֮⾳ַ֮𶯡
ֻʥһĨʶѾܸоõǿλʥߵĵȫ뵽֮Уǵ
д
ȻҲΪλʥϢǿĹϵ
Ϊ䶨ʱϷʥ֮м俿ҵʥߵ𣬶ͷһʶһȻ¡
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ַѾľˡ
˱ˣˣ
ÿطϺŵĳţ
ְһʥߴжòǰֻ꣬Ǹո̤ѣѾʮһʥߴУ
лλʥߴУ
ѡ
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11ʥߴУû˵
֮ǰصšߡҲ˵ˣʥߴУλʥߴУڵأӿֲ
£ڰʥû㼵֮ɫ
Ľͳ羴⣬뷽跨ϣַܺϹϵ
11ʥߴдʲô
˵ǱʣճɾʥߵĿ൱֮
һδĳǿߣ˭ϵϵ

ޡַʱԥ
ֻ1ʥߴУҪֱӽˡ
11ʥߴУô
֮ǰܹܺ˵ʱҲûⷽ档
ΪܹҲ벻ַܻ˶ʥߴУ11֮࣡
ѡĿ꼯λʥߺλʥ߰ɡַͷ
Ŀɨʥߣȿıλʥߣħ壬һࡣ
ҵħ壬Ұ֮Ϊǿħʥִ߳еԵɡַʥߣ֮һ
֮أء
ַ֮ϵ裬ȹͰҪǿַҲ⡮ʥߴСǸʲôġ
ԼóΪߵĲ֡
~
ַһϷʥߵ
һԼһۼģִԼǿҵĵĸоĴУ˵ԼĵĽǳ١
Ҳ
һǷӣǻû࣬кܶطص㣬˫צβͺݡ
Ӱβ̲ͣ⡣
צУ̲ױ
λʥߣַĸоҲ⣬֮⣬ӵһص
ÿһλʥߣ򵥡

ַ
ʥߴеѡһ٣ѡĸʹųΪһʥߵϵڰʥĹ涨ġ
Ŀǰִַλʥߡ
νĴʲôַڻЩ¶
ؼ
6λʥߴУ3λʥߴȱַųʣλУһַߣϸоĲͬ
۾
۷׷ף඼ڲ²ַѡһ
ͬܺ棬̫ټ
Сʱ
~~ַ˴𰸡
ˡ
ַ粽롣



1285 ʥ
϶ǵʥ߰
ҲãʥǿλʥߴС
ںܶʥߣеĶǵʥһʥʥģ
̸۵ġʥߡλʥΨһʥߣִսߴΰһ˫Ӷǵ̡
ַʹܵʥߵĴп˵ĵ뷨
ַѡȴϡ
ɣ
ʥߣ
ȻѡʥߵĴУһҲ̫˰ɣ
ȷһѡʥߴУôΥ͵ĺܡ
ַѡȻ⡣
ִʥߵĴڡĲϵȷǿԴ֮·ߵǴΪĵ·ҵİ֮·ۡ
ʥߺҸȻϰսıԴѪҺܺϡ
֮磡
ַ֮ߴΪʥ߶ͷϵʶַ弫ΪĶǺǽоȫһ㡣
ڴȻҪء
ңַʥϸо˲һ˵Ϥ

صսɡַаʦ֮Ƕǰ˵ľأĳ飬ǰսʽӦúڰʥʱ۹һ
սԪرԴ
һµ
ַӴһ棬ΪõģսΪһ壬ӳǼϱԴ֮սںˡ
ԣַ֮ǰȷԼսʽ󣬱δٿս
ᣬΪʲôһ£
޷ôУʥضкܶĵؼľϣȻȲϴУҲ㹻ǳ
~~
ʥߵİ׹֣ʥ߽ٵİ׹ȫʧַȷԼѡǼһĴָϸİɫâ䡯һֱ顣
䷭ѶϢӿԺ
սַ˲ʱ֪ƣսԪرԴϣ֮ǰ֪ģĶԺǿ
ʥߵĴУָ
߱봦ȶͬܽнϡַа̣ԼҲԹȴǰ㲻Ҫ죬սҪսԪȶ
ֻǵһսҪǿ費ϵ
֮У֮⣬Ϊ
֮ױַ֮⡣
ԤϵģʥǿĲֹǡֻ֮֮ͬжѪһǿıԴ֮
ʥĴУǲġ
ؼ伮ȵȣƾݹãΨʥߴҪԵ
Уֱ
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֮ױ֮
ַܿ״̬
ʥߵʶУһư׹⣬ַ崫ĵ֮Ϊǿȣѡ񣬲һû˻ܾһϵΪ̫
ƩҪַ֮Ϊַ϶ܾΪȫ˷ʱ䡣
ڲͬ
죡ٵĿ죬ǿĴ͸Ʒᴩ֮
硭
ַ
ԴǽֻΪƣĵʵʵڵģΪˣԴǽأ֮Ϊֱء
УԶԼҪĶࡣ

Ӻ
УܹظȼţΪظȼַˣ˵Ҳһͬһʥ£ظȼǱȽϹעġ
ߣܹܣĦĦʯֵܣ14ظȼȥַġ
е֪֮һصȻҪú磬Ȼַ岻һظȼһһδĳǿߴùϵûл
Ѿȥôܺáظȼŵͷ
˿ɻзԸܹܹ
ظȼ˵ٿ΢һ
յԺѵһѶϢظȼ㿪ʱ¶Ȼ֮ɫһԵİܹ΢΢죬ȴǺټظ˳Ծʧ̬ģ
Ծظȼüͷ΢΢һأ漴ɿ
رѶϢظȼܹܣ˵ַѾʥߴˡ
ܹһЦøԵ
ʵ⣬صһ㶼ܻһʥߴУȻͲصˡ
֪ʥ߷𴫳Уظȼ
ܹ΢΢һ
4
5
6
ܹԽԽľ6ʥ߷𴫳УһٸصŶδһظȻǵȻ飬ܹ͵һ⡣
6ֹ
7
ԣ8
ܹЩԽǱԽߣΪܹδĻᣬԵҲԽࡣ8ʥ߷𴫳УӡаųֹһΣ
Ǹصţʥߡ
²ġظҡͷĿ¶⣬ַʥߴС
11



1286 Դǽ磬
11ʥߴУ
Цɣôô࣡
ģֹڵϢѾʥʥ߶֪ˡ
ʥϵУصšַ塯Ĵ˵Ͼ11ʥߴʵ̫ţʥߣδ
صţѾǧδ֡
ʲô಻羫ʥߴٶ໹ֻܽһ
ǣ˵ѧıȽӣҪʵжصţ׻ǽܷΪʥߣиƨá
ַ̾ĽͬʱҲͼʡ
ЩͬΪصŵǿߣ۸ڶǴϵоϸѡĳӢ
ҪǷ
ѡ

ַ岢֪Լ˶ĺ䶯ȻڰʥдʥߵĴУÿֻܽһδУڴдÿһÿһ붼
Ϊʱޡ
еĴֱ֮Ϊһ꣬꣬صܴܽʱ䣬پͿ컯ʡ
ֻһʱ䣬Դ֮򣬱Ҫǧٱ
ǵ֮衣
ڽܴǰַѾ壬ϾӰܴеЧʣΨһһεʥߴУԵ״̬С
֮֮ױַ֮ԴΪ֮
һʱսܱ죬ԴΪȻԴΪ൱ұԴΪֹսʵҪǡ
Դǽ硣
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ַսѵ˼ߣ츳֮ĲҲ˼֮Ĳһֱ̼ͣΪԴǽδ
1000࣬Ϊ˼
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ҵ֮֮أĿǰ970ֻҪױ֮أ1060ͻԴǽ
ÿһԴ֮Ϊ10أΪ100
ַ֮ǰֻ900ͷ15ó˲æ
1వ֮Դأ2֮أѵĹٺ͹֮ء
Դǽһ棬ѪԼޡ
УһѪռɣռɡ
Դǽַ֪ĸ
Ѫܺ˽⣬Ѫʵı䣬εѪᷢ仯ϸСģͻȻĴɱ䡣
ޣҪķ棬µķ֧һ㣬ս쐻ޣĵȵȡ
ޣǴ֮ĹؼԴΪΪֱӡ
ҵİħס硢֮ΪأѾ500࣬9رԴܼ֮590࣬Ѿ
ֻ࣬970򡣡
Ӱַܹ֪ܿԼڱԴ֮Ѿ൱Ҳǲף츳֮˼εԾ970࡭ʵһҲࡣ
˵ȫӦóǡ
Ѫַа⡣
ԼѪѾܾûͻƣͺ񳾷һ֮ǰԼԴǽͻƸ࿿ѪǱԴ֮ڡ
ǡ෴
ҵѪ
ǵһĺᡣ
ڲδﵽѪҪֻǲ֪ʲôַԼѪܺ档
ڵĹⰵ֮Ѿ൱ǿ
ԺȻӡǺڷ˵İԵڲ֮䣬ǰѪɫĵƻҫն콫޵С
ġ֮Ѫôܻ
һҵѪȫַ尵ڴ
ַȴѪı
ԴǽٶȱԤи࣬һ²ַѾױ֮أԴǽȫš
ǿߣ
˿ַ̣̤˼Ρ
ԴԴϵĹġļģַ⣬Դǽ弶Ҫ澧ż
ڴ֮УҴֹһˣַܴС
ԭҵսͿ˼ͨǿߡ֮ǰ;Уַ岻ֹһκʮĸдȫԸսƽ֡
ڡ
ܳǣַġ
괫Уϰǰ⣬ӦܺĦĦʯֵƽɫ
ܣ

ʥдС
~~һ˫׿˫ͫâ͸ġ
һѩһƤŮӣվڵϵĺɫ󹭣硣
ǽ괫еһźᡣ
ţһһϤӰǺһǿߣڰʥڵжġ

Ȼ˰ʥ
صš
ҧݣЩӡ
ϾʸĽһͬŰ츳ʡ
һᳬ㣡аȻҵս㣬ʥߴкվͬһˡ
Ҳģ
ҧ촽ַһ뿪д



1287 ʥ
ʱ䣬ܿȥ
ϵ˵գһţԴ֮ԽԽɬѶԽǸӣһҪǧ֮꣬á
꣬ȷ̡ܶ
ˣַоʶһ壬ʶʱһƬɫص塣
ַ峤һ۾
̫졣
ֻü֮֮ױ֮Ϊ
Ÿһ⣬бǽ
̫ˡַվ֪ġʵѾ൱ˣԶԶܴеߡ
Դ֮Ϊһذ⣡
ַ岻ֹ־ӣԣĸӦ
ţ
оһĿľۼַתĿɨһ˵ȣ΢Ц˵ͷ漴粽뿪ҲףصŽܴбһĿ֮¡
δ̫⣬ַ֪Լڰʥϵǡ
ʦܺͰܹӦõȾˡַӿ첽뿪ߵһĿ¶֮ɫȴʥߴС

öˡַ΢΢һ
뿪󣬺ܿҵЦݵİܹܣ˫ֵֻڰܹΧۼٸߡ
ǿߣ
ңʵǿĿֲ
е࣬ؿڴʥıʶڲͬıʶԼ
ظһ
ˣ
صַ壿
ᰡ
ַĳһ֮
ٵĿַҲǸоЩȻһǿߣÿһʵǿимʮ
ʲô
Լģ
ܹ΢Цӭ
ϲôСܹ΢΢ҾЦŨŨ
~~
ˬЦһЦ۾гɷ˹ַ򣬡ȻӢ۳꣬鴫
ãУʥһЦе˵
ַδӦ
󮣬ٶȵǿ졣Ǽһ߸ӣϲ̦ƣЦŶַ˵μֵܣǵʥһ
ϵܣʥһ
޵ةʥһ
һԱţַȻӦӲϾ֪׷ʲôʱܹܿߣַһڵ
ַ֮ʥϵ͵֮һǰַ塣
ģʥߵܹ˵
ַͷ
ʥĵֻ࣬Ҫʵϵ޾ͿɳΪҪȫͼˡ
һ㶼ʥǲŻ
һʥ֮£ʮʮҪȫ
οһصиҪôǸʥ£Ҫôеʥ¡
ʥȻ֪Ҳϣһԣ᲻ϣ
ַпЦ
Ӱܹܿд֪ȥôҲǣҲǡÿڣֳֵܡ
Ȼ
䣡ıʱڵ͵һɫٱ䡣˳ַ̧ͷȥʱ׹һ¡
ž
ֳһɫӰɫƤ°ͣεĶ䣬һ֪ǿߣһ˫ɫͫ죬˫֣ζǿơ
ʥߣڵȡ
ַҲ֮μ
ʥߣ
ַ٣ǵһμʥߣ˵еĺڶǿߣɫʥߵĳ־һ㣬쵽˼£ûһ˼ôֵġ
ʵЩȫһ档ַ尵ݡ
ڶǿߣ
˵밵ͨڶĳڡ
ַ壿ɫʥ˫һ⣬ֱַ壬Ǽֱַؿһƣ˺ȫ͸һ㡣
ܣǰʥǰء
ΪҲɫʥĵͷǵһ£˵ʥߴУ
ǵģʥߡַӦ
ɫʥ¶һĨЦݣ˫ֵͷܺãѡҶΪʥһҲһԵ֡
ַ壬ԸΪͽܣ
Ϊʥߵͽܣ
ַֹȻڵҲסˡ
ʥһͽܣΪûĴͳʦͽ֮ɲ񴫳һʥͽܱض¡£߾ȫɲš
˵ʮʥߵͽܣߡ˸ܳΪʥߡ
ÿһص˵ⶼѵõļ
ڵ۵ַ壬ЩϵǿߣĸΪʥߵͽܣʥһѣΨʥԪĵᡣ
ַ壬ֻոսʥȴջ
˱ˣ˰
ġ
˵һۻٿس֣ռһ쳣𶯣ɫѷɶ֣һֻ׵̬һźɫӰ



1288 е
һ
ַȻˣǲʶߵϢ㲻ʥ߲֡Ǻɫµǿǣ̲źڰϢһǿߡ
μʥߣڵ
ַ֮Ŀɨʱһ
ʥߵԣĸһԼʶ
ظַ˲ʱȻ
Ȼʥ߾ظʥߣܹԼġʥߡ
ߣĵ졣ʥ仮ȻԺʥߵĵʮֲϲ
ʥˬʶЦҪЩ½ղͽܣ˽ȵˣ
£ڵһ󰧺Ľ
Ҳ뱻ʥΪͽܰ
ɾǹһԪʥҲῴǡңʥʥ࣬ʥߺͺʥ߿ɶǸٮٮߣܱһΪͽѾ󸣷֡
ǰصַ塭
ʥ
ǱصżҪ
ַ壬ţһ˲ţܲʥ۾Ц´ַ壬ôСһһɣ
õģʥߡ
ֱַӹϣ˶һ㵡
Ҫ֪ʥ߿ɰ㲻Ⱥʥ߲ַȴǶûǣֱӾӦ˺ʥߡ
лǰ񰮡ַʥḩף˵ظ֪֮ǰ¡
֮ӿȪ౨
ַԲظھǧӺǽ۹
šʥ߱˫֣߰ͷ­ӦҲδٶ˵ֻб۲õĶ˺ʥһۣ廯һɫʧ
ʥˬʴЦַ򣺡
ַͷ
ʱ䣬һӴĺڰ֮ϯַֻǰһΣһǳƬ½ϣ֮ǰʥ7ͣĵط
Ȼȥʥ˵
ǣʥߡظ˼ܹܹ
ʥߵͷ
ʱ䣬ַֻ͵һΣǰ涸Ȼ仯һ澰ǰĿֻǿһ˿
֪˶ãǰĻ治
̤
ַͣ
ĿѸɨǰһƬһ޼ʵ磬޴󹬵Ⱥ䣬ɫʯѳɵĹǰһļ˼ǿ׵ȴ
μʥߡǿ߸
ʥ߶ַˬʶЦҽǺʥɡ԰գַļ򣬺ʥ߱ʯȥ
ַ֮ϡ
ǿĽ
ʥ⣬ֻкʥߵͽܲܽ롣

ַʥ
ֺʥǿȣϷһɫǿƤëκһͷɫףϵۼִһ㣬źԡ
ڴǧ׸ߵʥߵȻ
һ˫΢΢ſ£ͷȧǼߣͷӡַһϵӣǰʢд18λʥ֮һ
Ҳ֮⡣
֮һַǵú
ַ塣ʥˬʣһ§ַ壬˲ʲôǣʥĴͳܷѣȻʦʽ
Ǵаطʥһ£ҲһԵ֡
طʥ߼֤Һ쫽ַΪͽܣպ߾ȫɲģʥˬʴЦоƱϣһݸַ壬һԼס
ʦַ幧
ڰطʥ߼֤£ɰʦ֮
ʦͽɱһ
ԺʥַмֺøУӰܹܿҲ֪䲻¼ˬʣСڣڶʥкʥߵͽյıȽ϶ˡ
ʱ㣬ʥ߱Ͼ˼ٸԪַͽʵҲࡣ
ʦʥߣʦǰѪʥߡʥЦлҽʶѳʦֵʵΪʦߡ
ַͷ
ʥײͽһͽض߾ȫԼĴʦֺͶʦֶʥ߲⡣
ʦ֡ʥ̾һһټԪǰǴδ¼ˣʦŶʮԪļǿߡ
е壬λڵȡ
ظȺԵΪʦͰ㽻иպʲô¿ظǽҪ֮¿ֱʥΪʦ
мǣǽҪ֮¡
ʥ߶һ䡣
õģʦַһů
һǲ˴ŵġ
ʥȻЦַ򣬡ģΪʦûʲôأƽʱ㰮զզأסͬУΣʥô
ǣʦַɫͷ
ʥͷ΢΢Ϊʦջûãûüʲôʦ
ûϵģʦַ
ʥһףʲôûϵΪʦҪʦ񶼲ȥЦüͷ΢΢أʥ߳ٿһ
ţӦʺͽ㣡



1289 ˥

ʥгһѵɫĵӵƣѵһ֡˯ĸоô˯һ
ϣǶһŵɫˮʡ
ʦǣַ΢΢һ𣬸оսǡġɢģԽǿĵĸԽǿҡ
սڵǿ
ǿܶࡣַ˲жϡ
ʥĦŵ૵ѵϵƣΪʦҲ޷أԴӰǰبؾеõΪʦϸоǧ꣬ʼһջ񡣡
Ψһ֪ǣѵ̲ųԽϵ
ö֮ΪʦҲˡ
ʥˬһЦոͽҲõģͰ͸ˣ
лʦַ幧ӹ
ʦһִͳʦͽܽʦ֡
~
սַУٿһ£ַֹһʥ߸ǵɴ۾͵һȣ
Ȼӵеģʹߣ
Ц
ʥ߰ûģΪɻ˲ѡַļ򣬺ʥЦͽѵϲ㰡
šַ΢Цͷ
ԼҲоˣѵƺԼϡ
ˣ
սǰǰبؾãòᡭ
ַʥߣʵʦبؾǷʦ֮أ
ʥߵͷַ壺֪بؾ
ַһͷ
ʥ˵Ҳʲôܣһļǿ߶֪بؾʵӳڶڡ
ӳڶ
ʥߵڶɲ֣԰һ壬Ϊ
ַ۾ϸ
ǿһڶҲˣκοһУǣǸʡ
ڶתͷγɡ򡯣ÿڶиԵĺֻڴС
УǶʵĺڶǿߣӵһΪԼء
ַͷ
Լʦƿ
ϵʵӺ
ʥ߼˵ڶʣȻתΪµɳǵӺҲһ
ʵϣӳڶʮǰҲʮԪǰѾ˥״̬
˥״̬
ַ΢΢һ㵡
ʥߵ԰ͨġꡯ״̬
ʱӳڶѾ޷תµӺֻǿά棬˵ľ˵ǹӲд
ʮϵĺǵԽԽ٣ҲԽԽ
ַͷ
ΪµԽԽ١
ȵȣ
ַٿ˵Ǿ˵ӳڶѾӽ״̬
˵أʥЦЦ
䣡
ַɫٱ䣬Դиֳڶή̮޵Ļ棬ͷ亹䡣
ģӳڶδ״̬ʥ˵ĺˣڻǿһʧȥʱʹ뵹ʱ
ʱӳڶӺеϵǣᱻա
᲻ήӽֱӺһлعޡ
ÿǣڶȻ涼
ʥ߹Цŵˣ
ַЦ
ܲŵô
Լԭ֪ӳڶѽ˥״̬Ҳ˵һʱϵһж
ʦӳڶ˥״̬ãַʵ
֪ʥʼ磬Զ˫׿Ȼܼܼ꣬꣬Ҳܼ꣬ǧ꣬
ʥһЦ죬Ҳ˵һ
ַһ
ʦﲻݡ
棬̫СˡַаһӽôѶϢľƽòŶ
ԼãϾʦʥﳤǡ
ӳڶ״̬ԼҲܴ޶˱
ϵڡ
ڶǿ߲ǿԵֿڶ˺ɳڶôַʵ
ʥҡͷڶǿһͳƣǳǿ߷ΪǼǼϵһڶǿҲΣǿߣ粻࣬ƿߡ
ƿڶƿһ򡣡
粻ಢһҪڶ˺СǿȻܿռ˲ƣ밵ͨҪڶС
ΪʦֻǰǿߡʥˬЦ
ַȻͷ
ԼʦӦǡƿߡ
ԶˡʥЦӸǣӳڶʲôʱ״ֲ̬ܿƵģôࡣ
بؾ



1290 ʦ
بؾʵӳڶġ
ʥ˵Ǹȫͬ磬ӴҲΣգΣӦ޾Եͱ
بؾУҵԽϵıǳ֮Ϊ춴
춴һǰǿߺͻ粻ʹãΪͨǿ󡢶۷ĸƷһ㶥۷춴٣Ʒıӳڶɡ
ַͷ
ɣҲҪΡ
ǲᱻӳڶôַ岻⡣
ʦԣӳڶһɣһתΪûɷŹЩ
ʥһЦӳڶȻ˥ڣΪӺ࣬ʵɵҪĵ˥Ҳһ׶Ρ
һ׶Σ
ڶ׶Σ
׶ΣС
ַ˼ӳڶ˥ڵһ׶Σ
ʥߵһټԪǰǣڲһÿԪӳڶͷŹӺڼ٣źܿڶ׶Ρ
ʱӳڶȫֹͣӺȲ
ΪԴڵһ׶Σӳڶڴĸ֡ʳԺܳԣʣͨСǵȵȡ
ַˡ
˵بؾӳڶġʳﴢ⡯洢ӳڶ޾ԪյһУԽԽߵȣ
Щ᲻ӳڶӰ죿ַʵ
ȻᣬΪõǵkʳʥ߶˶Դ˵ʵνһ׶ڣӳڶǺֲܿġ
һЩһЩû̫𡣡
кڶǿ˵ȴǻᣬȥĻᣡ
ʥ˫𣺡ܻһЩ۷Ļ춴ΪãǷ͵ıֻǰǿߣпܴӳڶ룬ػ
ַȻͷ
ܻȥ˭أ
ߵ޼ʣӺо񾮵֮ܣڶǿߣԼʦƿߣããҲֻ΢貵ǹѡ
ںڶǿ֮ϣСĴڡ
ǿԴʯˣԪߡ

Ӻʥַľƽ
ʦ̸һϵ˽̡
˥ڣ
ӵһ׶εڶ׶Σٵ׶ΣʱԽԽ̡
ʦԣӺٶڲѾǵһ׶εĩβ
ʵҲ
ڶ˥ڵһ׶Ҳһ꣬ӳڶȻ󣬲ʮѾá
ַʦ뷨
˭Ҳ֪˥˵ѭ򽥽˭Ҳұ֤ò֮ͻȻ鼱񻯣ٽڶ׶ε׶Σֱпܡ
ÿˣǵһ׼
ЩѾվӺ򶥶˵ʥǡ

ܹ˫ᱧأվ
ڰܹĦĦʯֵȻʮĸУ޲ų羴֮ɫ
ԽǱԽߣǵĵλҲԽߣ
ܹܡַк
ǰĹȺַ岻һԼܰҪںǽ۹ʱǡ
£ԼΪΰܹǵʱǽ۹Įƽ
ǻӣ벻ۣȫɱҲν
ΪڰʥУǽ۹ϡ
λòͬҲͬ
ǽ۹ڼϺ76۹Ŀǳʥߴ۹ûȤڶҵĿ궼һ
뿪˥ڵӳڶ
һǽ۹ʥ֣߳һļǿ߶ܽ
òҪʲôԽȻַǽ۹¡طЩǿߣյԼҲ壬ڸ˵
ݹ顣

ڰܹͬ£ַܿϤԼء
ʥǣǺʥǵǣʥǾʦʥߡʥڡ룬ʥһռ˲ƾ͵ˡ
ʥǲ󣬴ֻǵʮ֮һСҲȵˡ
ܿ죬ܹܱˡ
ڿޱߵġ䳡ϣַȡսʦİʦȻԼѵʱʦЦݣʦʱʦЩˡ
ʦҲ֮ˡַ
δıʦַ֮Ҳпϧʦ˵بؾΣգʥ߶п䣬˵ļǿߡ

ַӶսĿԡ
ڴʱ
ţַоһ̶ǿϢתȥֻһŵɫŮʽףõɫսѥü۵ŮӴԶЦݡ
ʦ~



1291 ̫
ʦܣ
ַ΢΢һ˲ʱӦ
ü۵Ůӣʮ֮˾žԼʦ㣬ԼŶʮԪļǿߡߡˡ
ǿ500Ԫ20Ԫ
ʦ㡣ַס
ʦȻЦ¶ѣԺôԼˡʦӦúܹ˰ɣҽߣʦС
˵ţ֬׵֡
ַ塣ַա
ӶЦһ֮ͬϵС
ʦԺҾͲµˡߵľѺǿɰ΢΢һʦֺͶʦǶʥߣ˴˼е롣
ַЦЦ
ʦ㿴ƽ׽ˡ
˵ʦεĳһ󶯾գգ۾°ʵʵ֪ʦ㵽ôʮһ֮⣿
ΪѧıȽӰɡַǫ
ޡףٿͫ¶ȸԾ֮ɫдһ°ɣʦܣ
дһ£
ַȸȸԵʦ㣬ܾ̾˵ͷ

˼ʵսļʵַǲС
ʦд裬ȴѧ٣ʦҲʹģľ൱֮ߡ
ʦĵľøߡַ循̾ѡ
Լоʦĵļ֮ܺǰڰʢдġʥߡʦֻǿߣ̫˼
Ҵеʥߣľʮؼޡʦ¶Сѡ
ʮؼޣ
ַ循һԼľ֮߳ࡣ
ǣʦ㣬ôˢӣȻôסС֡ʦַ壬ҲǾ̾
֤󣬷֪Է飬Сʦȷǳ֮
ַͷ
ʥߵͽܣǿǱصŻϡٵĶࡣ
֪ʦǷʱ䣬ʦи֮롣ַ΢΢ס
ʦüһЦ⻬ͷСʦܣô˵һܾܾô˵ɣʲô£
ַЦϣʦڵ֮һָһ
Լ֮ΪؼޣҪزףһ˼ǿߵĵǰأļǿߵʵΡ
Сһ׮ʦ˵ʦѾԭҾô㣬Ͼٹһٶ궫͵۹ͻһԪһεĶս˼ǿ߲μӡ
ǰʥʮʦƼȥμӡ
ַһ
ʦ΢ЦΪʦͽܣ԰ʥڵѡҪμӣһԪﱻʥΪͽܵģһˣĸ˼ǿͨ
ʣ¶ʮ˸ɰʥ䲻ʮԪ˼ᡣ
ˣʦܣ㿴ᰡ󣿡
ַӦ68ꡣ
ʦߵɴ۾68ꣿһ궼
ؼҲѹ˳ԾԽԽѣһߵ˼ΣҪһԪҡ
رŵߣҲҪǧʱ䡣
ַ壬һ궼
ǲ֪Դʯַʡ¶ʱ䣬Ȼնֹǧꡣ
ǡ̫ˣʦܡŹ⻬Ķͷʦ㱻ˣڼٶȾˣǧΪǿߣԪΪǿߡ
һȣֱûҩҽ
ַЦʦ㲻ԷƱֻмѡ
һЦ¶Сѣģʦ㻹ûôСԽԽãʱΪһ⣬øǰǿ
ǰǿַһ
սѶȲС
ҲǣԼڵսӾʯĦĦʯֵڲ֮䡣ǣҲͬвսʸ
ʦüëһǰǿûôףÿһӾо
ַͷ
ʥԼʵǿ˼ǿ߶ţëĦĦʯĶֻǻͳ죬ս͵۹ġ
ɣʦ㡣ַڴ

ǽ۹
鵽ûУһطͫһݡ
£ַͿǺҲ޶Թͺչδı档Сӣӳ˵ַӡģǺչıãסںҵĺˡ
ˣطüͷһš
ˣ¼ڽ¡壬ַгľǽ¡壬²̽ܿǽ¡Ҫūַļ磬ʶ˴˽³Թ
طмߣַεʥһԱĿִɱڣչɱ֤еǣֹūô򵥣
ٲ飡
Уһܣ
طȵ
ǣ¡Ǹˡ
طĿ䣬ֻ̰ҪץסַİѱΪãߺߣаʥ˵֮λʱҺǽ۹Ҫһͳۡ
пܣ
֮ǵ⽣ӰһЩ
ɹʣ



1292 ľؼ
ʥǡ
ģʵ档
һΪΪġ
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1293 ս
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ĿǰԶԶ

·
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1294 
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ǰλáǿ󡯻춴



1295 ̫ƽ
춴ϵǶı
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ַսЩ⣬ٻаʦˡءģһͨ춴ǺܹˣʥֱӸַһǿ춴
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Ӱ˲֣ܹɫ΢΢㾰ףȽһĨЦݣ֮ǰ࣬Ҳ첻Ƕˡ
ܹܹǫˡַ𵶣ЦЦ
ʿչĿ࿴ߴ۾ַ壬ЦʦڵʵŴ붫սǰһѾҿȥʦϢˡ
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ܹܵȻĸʥͽܣţҲ󡣡
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ʦ𣬡վǵѵʦܣ
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˵䣬ٿԺгһѶϢַɫʱ仯



1296 
ѶϢԵ
ַͨ꣬üͷԼԭΪʥ֮¾͸һ䡣Ѽη̫ϵⲿɴû
ÿһңԺǽ۹
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Ѿһźš
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򴽣¶СѣðɣҲֻˣȥء
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1297 һǵ͹Сͽ
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ȷʵӹߡʥߵͽ䲻˴ǱһΡ
ǻ˵̧߽ͷ߼ʥʱǧ꣬ʦܲ68꣬ôʦܱȡ
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Ŀǰս100%Ҳֻ3000-5000֮䡣
Ҫǰʮλõ춴Ҫǰ1000
1000оϣ
ַΪǰʥ1000ڵߣ15֮ࡣսȻǩһɷݣؼʵ
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2ŷһֱ֮ΪͰ֮Ϊ
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ʦؼ٣ÿһƷ̫þȵȣԼҪҵľʺϵġ
ˡַԺиֳþÿһһ䡣
֮ǰûΪʱ䲻ʱ䣬Լǿܷþ
ʱ䣬м׶Ρַ尵ͷ
þʤǿԸһЩʵǿ־ߡ



1298 ֻˣ
þĸġ
ǻԴڽ߱þܷӶȡڱġġ
ַĿ
þΪһΪ֮ɣΪá֮Ԧ
ʦĻþڲַͬ尵
Ļþһ壬ԽǿֱӾþ
ʦþ
ԦԳɡ
ҪסˣôԼڻþ֮ϡַ˫ֱãؼ֮Żþĸһ㡣
ؿ֮Ԫɫצ¶
~~
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̤
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׶εþַֻ֮۾˫ֽâʱ𣬳þԸǿߣô
ҪҪм׶Ρ
м׶Σޡ
ʱ㹻
ಣ
ʥ7ڰʿռмǰС
еַ壬ֻ˲ʮþĳ׶ΣҪǡ֮ѣڡá֮棬׾١
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Žþ߼׶Ρַһþ߼׶ΣϽй
þߣܱóǻþ
벻þеĹеģ

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1600ϵλãǺǽ۹Ȩڣ޴ĺɫͷӡڷϣһ̻Ի͵Ĵڵ۹ÿһ
Ǵÿһذ嶼ɰϡе玽죬һǿ޵צƳʯ
λӣͷʹڣۣɫеĲ԰ףȻһ˫ͫɾݡ
Ǻǽ۹Ĺ

ŭƣ飬Ⱥۣħؼҵļһҵļҫҵ峤졯
ŵţ̫ϳϣܹܽС
ԹΪģŹ¡
ԣֱվ˼ǿ߻װϢܽǴģ޲Ǻǽ۹Ȩλǿߡ
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˭ıӵ̫ͷ϶
ǰ۹ҵ峤졯͵վ˫ĿԲ
ܡҵļҫǲϢĵܺƽǵķϵͳ
ǵķϵͳXĳϵͳ
ļǿߣҲƲˣ

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ǣΣ״̬
Դǽ۹ͷһΡ

Ⱥۻۣ飡
һԭߣ֮ɴڽϿգӵ£˿ճ̧֮ͷüͷʱ
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ɫĽâʷǰްƬգʤʮͷǿޡֻһɴȴʤǽ۹
ʥεݣǷḻ
ۼɴϵı־ЩȻ⣬װʥɴΪʲôᵽΪʲô
~~
һһɫԲ¶
ǽ۹ǿĿתĶɫԲ̵䣬ۼĶ͹һϳ˰ʥ־
۹ǲ塣
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ڰǰһ£
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ڣֻˣ
ַ壿ҫؿڼѿڶ



1299 
ַ壡
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мӦѾ֮һ
ǰ׮䶯һʱ壬Ŷйעַֻ֮뿪Ǻ˥ܣƽϢȥ
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Ϊ֪ǽ۹Ҷ֣ĵӣҲҶ԰ʥ˶֡
ߡ
Ҫַ֣Ҳں
֪ʥλ˵ʧԶӭḻ԰׵һĨЦݣ漴Ǻڳӭȥ

һִսĮߣս£Ӳڵ滮һ蹵Դɢ䡣
ʮĻһǿ˳
˵ֱӵĶ
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װľȽһĨ΢ЦǰȴǱ˳Բ࣬λʥͽܣصţִַˡ
䣡
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Щ߲ԣЩվȨλ˵峤᲻֪
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ɫһ䣬üͷ壬峤ɫ࣬ȸо˲һһֱؿڡ
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~~
ַĿɨǰ׺߾񿴵һ㣬ͫ׷ŴѪһѵأ˫ĿԲ֪ô¡
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ϣ̫ϳϣ˼ǿɫ䣬ʱŭ𣬴ʱһ׼ĸ⻮գ翳һ㡪
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˳ɫ䣬ŸͷһѪ龪㤺ˡ
ǣ峤Ļֱ޴棬ȴŭԣʱľȽһĨЦݣһ١
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䣡䣡䣡
˹һͷʷǰ»棬ʥ7ŷ𹥻˲佫Χŵɴɣ
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ڣǺǽ۹Ǹ
ʴȣַš
ΪʴȣܻܿʹõͿ̿һƬ衣
ˣҰץҧ˵
ˡַϵ
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ڵ۹ģǽ۹Ҳûá
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
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ˡޱ飬ַƳطȻʵӣתȥ



1300 
طһϵȺס
Ҷޡַܵ޶Һġ
ִ֮޶жţǰֻӰǿǺңεӢֻһֱԵʶʵһ¡˵Ĵ΢Ц̸
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ӸͬطҰĲΪȴԲĺܡ
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ʱ¶ϲ֮ɫĿͶޣ߾ҲǴϲǸ׵лִˣ
ȥ죡ȵַ巴ڡ
ǣæ뿪
Ҳѹ˷ܣַ˾ٵͬǺǽ۹һӣȻûʽ̬ôһסںǽ۹ͬʹúǽ۹ȹ̡
ַͷǾ鷳ˡ
Ҳԣַ漴뿪΢΢̾Ϣ
Ȼ

ַδںǽ۹Ķ
߱ɱط󣬱ǰ̫ϵصǲɴѱٻأԷһԼҪȥһ¡
ʵ顣ľ˵
ݺַǽ۹ʲô鷳̫ϵҲֱ
ңǽ۹Ե˵ڱס
Կ۽磬ԺϵӴǽ۹ȽƼٵһչߣԼڣǹǴޣҵһ
һҲʱҪԼˡ
һԪ
̫ϵ㼣ܸƬء
ַ˫
Ԥǣδںǽ۹ĵλǾء

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²սӰַλȫ׼ۼ̫ϵٴα֣Ī룬ַͷ
սӰֻһ谭ãҪһռ临λӱɡ
ռ临λӱϾ󣬲˭
ƾսӰ赲99%̽Ѱǿյɴʣ1%Էбʲôûá
պһչؽԽԽʢַĵ
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ִˣһ֧۹Ӿͽ㡣΢Ц˵λǡФ衯˼ǿߣִӦúϤԺصѲػִ˿Խ
μִˣǡФ衯Ϊ׵һСӵϥ¹
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ϵãǰǺһФԼӡ󲻴ϳɣ̰ðǸи˲š
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ǣִˡФ蹧
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鷳ˡַͷ
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ܡƽ⡯

޸
ַǵһ޸ʵӡ
޸ǵĽ̳кܶ࣬Ҳû̫ȶ̽⣬ǹɣ׼ʣֱ֮޸ͳеС
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һֿԸǮ
ַڰʥõ̽ǣٶ׼ĳ޸е޸ǵĲϣЩֵԹǧǡ
δ㡮֮
ϡе֮޸ǵԿס
һͨһ֮Ҫ10000澧Чֻһһɡ˵һ֮õǣ֮Ǿ
ϡ
мС



1301 Ҹ
~~
ַȡ̲֮ؼΪǿҵʦ衯ֵ֮ͨ춴һܹ֮һǣܵϵǿߵҡ
۸Ȼ
ϵлǼģʦبؾãҲֻŻı
޸ȲС
~~~
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ۼһУɲʱͻ䣬ָܶ˶ӦϾһ඼δսǸ
ڣǻ130ꡣ
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죬˵ǴԵ
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Щ֪֪׵ģַһǸߣԪ˧īԺ죬ҶСħҽˣգģġ
ǣѾ̫̫áû졣
ҵĴųʧͺһƢǿޣʱ˳ԡھ˵֮Уྭս͵ᡣ
Ҹᡣ
ǣؼˡ

Ȼ֮޸ĵЧֻһɣѾܿɹ󡣷ǽ۹ϵָ
ȻָСǡε
ӳڶ˥ڣϵûʲôһǣǾӶ࣬ǼҲ޷άԭ̬ĬǣѲջԻ͡
Ժ󣬻ศϵ
̥Сʼó֮ܳΪĺǿߣԼŬܳΪϵǿߡ
һûңʮԪܳΪǽ۹ľ档
һȺֻһܻԻһӡ
Ⱥȫ濪ǿ߱չΪǿȺ
һ壬ⷽ淢չš

ЭؽַҲǺæµ
Ҵ޺ʶʱ񣬰˲æһռվ𣬻ؾȻж˳չַ岢δҪչҲҪֻѪ
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ʦһǰٻʢͽ٣ʥԽԽࡣҲӴ˿Ѷȣˣʦһַʦʦãʮ
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ʵǿʦܲδ뿪ϵĻ˵νԶʦҲڶҲô㡣
ϵҲãҲãֻһɡ
ڶ棬Ƶǡǿߡ

һʱ䣬ܿȥ
붫սʱ䣬زҲѾ죬еַ۾¶ϲ֮ɫ
ڵӣû˷ѡ
߼׶εþܳɹʩչַͷ
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ɣ߳ɣʮɣ
ַ˫սԡ
˹Զ



1302 
Զ򣬾ԭʼ
ƶ˹ʱ֣ʵԽǿصԭʼʱξԽǰ档
ĵǾ
ʮǰȼΪǾƷ
ʮǰĵȼΪǶ
ַϴλصĶʮǰʱԭʼΪȼܵڶǿߵڶ춴࡯ܽ72Сʱٴνļһ
ڣȫ⿪
144Сʱ1000ꣿַ循
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ʲôȼַ˫Ź⡣
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ǣÿһǷΪͨƷϡУ˵󼶡
ǰԼЩԥϾ̫ߣһֵðաֲһһԼоգҲ׼
һΣǴͨ
ͬǻ춴ǿ߲Ρ
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Ȼ޷ֿǡ


ʥǡ
ʦսףִʥʥߡ
ΰͣͺʥߺʸԶƣʥǺʥߵĴͽܣҲĵͽܣλʥߡ
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1303 һ˿֮
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ǻ˵ϴǾߵ3ǰǻϰټԪǿߡ
ڶսǰϦ͵۹ȹ˲ߵϢӾǹϵȨԵ
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ݣ࣬ʥ3
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½࣬ʥ18
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ħҲչֳ˽ڰʥʵвǿϯһ˵սǰٻţǿĶǴŴǿߡ
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ҲԽǿԽ࣬Խ࣬ԴҲԽãͬʱҲԽ࣬Ȿһѭ
9733Ųѯš
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1316 Ԥһ
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1319 ţԵ
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Ϊӳڶģֱͣס֮һ˺˲ƾ볤ʥǿ߽һ㣬ʥҪһ
һӳڶ˵ʵܶݣʥ˵һأꡣ
ôʥǿߵȽ룬ζš
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ʵϾ֪بؾҲ벻ˣֻ˼ǿߣ԰ʥĹ涨߱ʸ
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ߴ۹ʥǿ߷׷׽룬بؾ־ڱصãǵĲܵ˺ɽڶֻӳڶ˺̫ǿ
ӵ2000ԪʥǿߣǲԴеģҲøҲٽһʵڶǿߵ۷塪
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͵۹ڣʥǿ߷׷׳بؾЩӲµϼһȫը˳
ЩԪѽӽޣҲЩչ룬вһټԪͳΪʥĳš
ÿһĿ궼һ
ֹǶ͵۹
۹Ұ۹õ۹ϵߴ۹ʥǿ߽ǳ֣һʢ£ӳڶǻȴʥǣһĴܡ
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䣬ʥǿߣ϶ѽ룬ʱӳڶ˺Ѽ࣬飬緱ǵʥΧȴʱ
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ʥнǧʥߣ͵۹ʥ10ң۹Ϊߴ۹нĵ۹ʥӽ12
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ӳڶȴʥԽԽ࣬ӳڶ˺ϼһʥԽԽ޲â
ʥǿ߽ĵꡣ
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ڿبŽˣ
ɱȥ
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ӳڶ⣬һبŽߣبؾӳڶǧ֮һ룬ֻҪʥܽبŽڣζž˲ƽبؾ
ৣৣৣ
ռ޴󲨶ʥȿֺĽبؾ˷ܲѡ
Ե
ټԪŻһεĻԵ
ÿһبؾһЩʥ𣬻Ϊʥǿߣն춴ܴӳڶǿգ
һΣֻΣ

ʥǡ
䣡սַһͷ׹Ķ޷֮ռַǿĵģһ˿֮չֳ˾޴ƻ
~~~
ռĲòƽϢַ
ʮ꣡
һɡ
⾳͸ˡַȽһĨЦݣӳһ䶼ζʱʩչ޵һҲ١
ս
ַ⣬ЩɹȻ
Լ۵֮ƿѾʦߡ
սַ忪ͨѶһԳ֣ʦߵࡣ
ַһЦٿ΢΢
ʦ



1321 㣬ô
ʥǡ
ʦ㣬ظĵַǵһڵ㼯ΪȣȻʲô·ˡ
ˣСͽܡʥЦݣ۾һУüë𣬡ֽ١
ƲƲС죺Ӿ֪ˣ϶
ظȼᣬǧڵΪ֮һ㵡


ʥ߲Ȼɱմиǿ
ַǫһ㡣
ڵһ֮ˡַɱմƵǶǵǶĪѧǿĵ
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һһСֵģʦܵʵȲЩǿߣֻҪʦܽʵļǺɨһƬ
ҺڵͬʦܵĹܹƺڶġ
ʥοͷڵʵͨȡӦûɣ
šַӦ
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ǿֻҪǰӦûʲô⡣ַ仰ʹڵ֮һһƬȻ
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ʥţݣ
Իҵӣж춴
棿ʥʱ
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޵ڶԼгųɰգϾԼӽʵǱȽġ
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ʦһ˵بؾˣʦܡ
ַޣʱȻ
ʦԼبؾԼԴҲܺ棬ѯѶϢֻû뵽ô硣
ߵǰʥǿѷ׷׽룬ʥ߿ʼ룬ʦټǣ׼ǽبؾ
ַһʦҲȥ
ȻƲƲ죬ΪʥߣҲ1000ԪبؾһֻȥΣôܴ
Ȼ뵽ʲô˫һСʦܣ͵ҿʦˣҲòãҲɱ춴ޣ

ַЦҲ˼ʦ㡣
ԼȷʵûʦȥϾļкܴΣԣʦֱبؾڵͬʦȫԵȵʵʥʱٽ룬պܶࡣ
ϵ߽룬伸ʴδ͹˳ɡ
Ҳ˵ʮبؾջŵĿֻһȫ
ʥߵ伸ʶɡ
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ʥߵνҪǽһˣҲڵڼ䣬ʥǵҽ¾
ַĿǰڵڣԼ΢Ц˵ͷ
šַӦ
ʦֺͶʦִ˴Ҳبؾʥ߽˵а˵飬ȥʥߣΪʦѡ
õģʦַһů
ʦԼжŵľŨ
ҲûʲôˡʥˬһЦΪʦ˴ܰȻһףսǿɲҪΪʦʧ
һᡣַ΢Ц
һַҲżȥʦʦ㣬ڵبؾһЩţۣҲǸеȤ
ڿνʥߵĴӪ
ӵʥǿߡ
ϧ޷بؾַӲ֪ôдһ·δ
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죬ַһֱںʥǣֱʦʦڵַŷغʥǣ׼߸ˡ
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ʵҲֻһǿʸ񡣡ַһЦ˵ʮǿʤһڱûʲô𣬲ֻǶ򼸳
ֻҪʵ㹻ûʲô
ʦʧ
սһ֮С
ַʮ㡣



1322 ߸
˵߸˭ܽ
ҾǰʥĹ½
ڤ̵ħʮǿָһ㡣
ʵٵÿɣϾҪĳÿֻ֮СʱָϢһˣǾ鷳ˡ
ʮǿʼÿڱ̨潻ս
߸ͬˣҹϿ߽ѭսĳߵս־սͬҪ
Ͼܽʮǿߣûһߡ
½ħأַ̣壬û̫ߵĹ½1:72͵ַ1:195
ʮǿ󣬶ʶб仯Ͼ˶һܡ
ϣڿС˺ܶࡣ
ַµ1:16ֱ1:195Ϊ֮ĩʵҲϾʮǿַȱϯˣ߸ַǷμӣǸδ֪֮Ȼ
һַ壬ֱֿգ״̬ӭӵڶħظ¸Цڤ̵ħǿߡ
ڶַá沿ʯֲڣޱ飬öһҶ״̬ҶϢСʱҲûá
̿ЦϢһʲôã˼ҹ½൭Ǿʵʮǿ˼٣ޡ
½üͷһ塣
ħһĿͶȻѽΪУѭսк鷳һգᳬɡ
ħһԣĽϣɶˡ
ٿأܱ߷һƬȻ֮˳ȥ½ʱһǵӰϤͬΪʥַ塣
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û뵽μӰ߸ΪѾȨء
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УΨһֿյħ̡ۿַһս
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ַԻþӮʱ¹˭־Ͳ֪ˡ
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֪Լ֮ѭþǿߣһ׼
һܹؼǰԾϾַ̨壬սȼաһʿ֮սӮ£ܽƶսʤʴ
~~
гһѾ޴ͼص˫̤ھĵϣȻ졣
ҪӮ
ɱ춴ⳡӮһңһĵʤԣʱܱ߹Хձȼ
Ȼַ壬ֻǵվš
һֵʥ˸ʱȡ
ʼ



1323 һô
壡
һȣۻޱߵĴʱɢ֮ͷϺȻּǣɫ¼ⱬ

ͼڴ󴸳˹Ӵȴ㲻ء
ַ壬󴸻ˡΧڵХ֮սȣս±
Уԡ
ۻԪزǿңһѻ춴˼ܷӳټңֻϧ
һѵ
սһʣ֮Ԫۻơ
ַδܷӳȫսսǿ춴ֻһСԶͨ춴
У̲ŵ֮
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óħ廹ǵ壬ǿ
ɣ
ַҪ濪ڣ
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̫ˡ͸ɺԣ˶
ʮǿ£Ҳûܵô죬ôʹ
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ַ޵ȷܶ࣬ڶС⾳򣬲ֹ뵶֮ϸУ⾳һҲӲ١
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ҧҧ촽ȽһĨջЦݣ漴ַ塣
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˿ַ񶼲һˣһħغ͹½ս½ȻӮ˵ֻСʤһһˡ
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죬ȥ򶫻Ͳʣַʵ̫ţXˣ
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Ӧû˻ص1:16ңҲַֻʵǿܽҪǿʻǺС˵ùھ
С֣ŵһأֲַӮ滹˭Ц˵һ
ǣҸоַڶͻˣ̡ħĺܡ
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ַҲǾȣû뵽ڶֵĶֻ˽ⲻֻ֪࣬ħĵħó귽ãߺ
֪ӿȤСŮףգۣ˵ĺ촽ͭɫ޳ȣͦ˵˫壬һŨŨĴƮ
̺ܴǳԼƣҲ֪ܶߵ㡣
һ֣
һʵλãΪŮ˵һУû˱˵Ҫ欵̻࣬ӽ촽ַ塭



1324 ˾Դ
ǵͶͱ飬Ĵ꣬Ũ飬κһʧȥǣΪ֮ǣӡ
һ˫Уһײľ⡣
Ķɫζ⣬²֪жٷԲɱַ壬ֻҪݵʧȥս㹻
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һȣ˭Ļþǿ
жЩϵڼ˼ǿþߣ˵ԣŮܹˡ
ۻþǷļǿĶָ

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ַ֪һЦ
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񣬻ʣ
̣һ֡
ڤ̵ħʵǿһϢֶ㣬ˣһħ岻֮ͬԴƿ֮⣬˻츳½
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ڶ֡ʥ
ʼ
ۻɲʱȼǵ飬ĺХսͬʱ俪Ǳ߹½һʱչȡ
ߣһĸղᣬһ˫ȻӾŨŨʱþ
˾Դ󡣡Ц
ַһʩչþδܳɹʩչɹҲҪͼΣΪַԴ󣬸ӵĿռ䡣
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ַһˣǺǿ
þΪжǿж¶ıʲôþǡġ־;ġ
̰˫ͦһ˫ո¶â
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ৣ
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ǰԭݻþַһһ
˫峺ˮƽ̤ʵ
žϣ
Ļþ羵ƬȫѿĻ̵ĺͶ־δ־ôǿ࣬ǰĻþֵһᡣ
ˡ
ַ壬һûκεĲ죬ѹ
˫ǵ˶Ĺâ
áַͷ
ĺĿһֱַ壬ٿ䲻ðһ䣬˺òã



1325 ȫʤ
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Ϊ̣ڿЦ˫еͿ
һޣ˼Ҳ㸺Ρ̺˷˵˫忿ַ壬ĵգգ۾ַ
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ħŮӿţԷ顣
ħ׼ǿʳħŮǿħǿ棬ĽǿߣǺٻԼĸ飬һ಻һ
ħͱҪࡣ
⣬ͽˣ
̫˰ɡ
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ûʶþսͽսȻͬһһοһɲǣһأʮһٸԪ
ս̫죬˶û
ϾЩǵ룬ֻвɵߣƩЩʥߡ
ÿµ־
ңҲ׵ƿ̵Ļþʥ겻ѣַӰ̾ѡ
ûˡ
ΨһѾûбʥߵʵ֮Уַǵ֮ǿ
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ʱ½̣ûеþı½ס̵ĻþʱѾˣ浶ʵǹսٴζܡ
½ʤһ
ֻҪһӮ£ַ嶼ʤһֻͬԭ򣬾Ƚ
Ӯô
½ϵĿЦѾһС
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˫սʮУ½⻹ַĽȻڹ½ذɡ
лл½ַ˵Ҳǿˡ
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գϧ
ַ˵ཻû
߸Ļųʮδ˭ѡ춴ַǻһǿ
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ǿĶսǰӶսӣǩǰӷֱǶڴʥĳݣַܹһεӡ
ϣ鵽һ½߹Цʵ
ݻӡַ
½ЦЦ㵹ʵϵĺܣô鵽аӮ֮ǰ½ʵַӮڡ
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1326 9000
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ʵַӦֻݺڵλ
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˲෹УַѻصʥʥǿտҲʥߣȥԵðࡣ
ϧֻ˼ʵַŵʵҲϧ
ļʵԥĸʦبؾһѵõļĥ¡´ٿʱҪټԪ֮
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ۣһΪ춴ǿߣͬ뿪ӳڶ
ϧûַҡͷ
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ռԴǽ๹50%ĵޣĿǰӽ4000򡣡
ռ50%ѪޣΪսҵսΪ٣ǵģһ˿֮
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ռ30%ҵޣĿǰȴǴ󱬷˹5000ࡣ
һ˿֮г2000ࡣַ쐻ޣս֮Ϊṩ˳3000ࡣ
޲ΣԼԶ׼
ҵѪô£ַһֱиʺţѪռ20%࣬Ѫǿռ30%40%50%ṩԼ
Ѫһֱͣڸϵ״̬粽δ
˵10%5%
ѪۣԼѾΪļǿߡ
ҵʵļķԴַ֮ףԼĿǰ޴3760ֻ࣬ҪһرԴ֮1000ࡣ
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ʮ꣬꣬ܳɹַ岢ʵļûʵ⣬ϵļڶ
ʵãһͻƳΪļȡսʸ
Ҫÿ߶ͻǰϦμӱǾ̫ƽˡ
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ļʱ̤뵶֮ż
߳
ַĵս
ӵ䣬ʯζչУ֮͹֡
ҵսʥߣ

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ַĺ
ûϵ
ǿǿȵļԼ̤뵶֮żʱӭͷϡ
ҾڣҲַڴһսǿʱ䣬кܶʯ
޷޵裬ֻҪһ⾳ٴ
ڶʹ޵һһ
ǿ

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ʱʱĥʱ˼ֱӶ򣬶ǵλ۳ɺŵҲһ
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㣬ĵַ·ʯܸоƿ׵ޣǿĵطצβۼףǡ
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츳츳ͬԸģ£ʯַоõ츳ͬһǿ׽
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޵¡ַԺиֳһ棬ǻ׵ĶޣĹ籼ۣﵽ֮
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ÿһ죬вͬʥߴϵߴ۹֣̤بŽޣпռ˲ƣبؾ
ֹһʥʮǿߣҲпܡ
Ͼ˲һλ˶ʱ䣬ڵӳڶ˺ǿ
ֻϵǿߵȦӡ
ϵߴ۹߲֪ǵĿජڶսһԪһεʢ£׷ס
һѾʮǿ߸֮󡪡
ǿʽ



1327 ǿ
ʱˡַ
δ޵ʯָһ㡣
ǿܹؼһʤ׽ܻǿ춴ʧܣͨ춴һ֮Զ
ʥһͨ춴ֻʥ߲ǿ춴
ͨǿ󡢶⡢۷塣
ÿһƷܴ֮ΪͬƷףҲǿ֣֮ΪʲôʮǿҪѡռơ
ףһǿ춴ַͨǰ۹֮
ʦ֮ǰӦԵΪ
֪ʦʦôˡ
ϣʦ¡
ַлЩǡ
Ͼļǿبؾʼߣ˳ɣʦֱبؾжٻͻжΣա
ڰʥʦ⣬ʦ׵ˡ

۹֮
ǿʽ룬ݣӣǧɽͣһƣַߣۡ
ּ֣ˡЦ
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Ȼϴʧܣ˹ϵȻ֮ǰ粻١ַ廹кøеģۻ֮ҵûаư֮ʮƽ׽ˡ
ĳҶˣһղﰡ޵
ӹǫˡַ
ڴٴν֡΢΢Ц
ҲǡַһЦ
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ȻҲǿԼӽ֮ǰǿʧģǿֻ
ǧɽͣһɫ䣬һԲΪǿ׼
Ǻ߱죬ÿһǵˣͬʥݣսһѾҪΪǸ֮ս
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ַҲǵһμ֮ǰۿʮǿƵʱϵãһװɫȹƴľӣһ˫鶯ӯӯˮ·˵Ƶġ
ṬţʡòģʵĿ㡣
һӣַĸоǸ߸ϡ
ãҽϸһ㣬˵¶һĨ峺Цݣ󷽡
ַ塣ַգ˿˿
һӴȤоǴԤģʶʶһ¸顣
ӣΪӣƶ졣
˿Ϊ⣬һЦ˵Ŀʵ۶͵۹ſ⣬˭㡣
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С΢΢һ죬漴ָȻַȻһЦ⣬ڲԡ
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ʶ֮ǰ֪ˣֻû뵽˹ϵôáٿַ֮һ漴״š
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ӦþǸٮٮߡ
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㻹ý
һʱѾʾڵãֱӵʾ
ַҲ֪̫ԼģԶˡᡯԽ
Ҫˡҧӣ峺Ӧʦޡ
һЦҲӦʣͬܽܣԸ¼ޡ
ǻָ̬ȻһЦҲκλش΢΢ױתȥַ壬ʼ磬ַҲЦԷǡ
ǰɫٻӰַҲһ˽⡣
ƽ׽ˣﻹйɰ͵۹һǿߣаҲղδشӣ˼ҲԶ׼
ڶ͵۹ϵͬȼӮߣһҲûС
š
ҿޣ֡Ц߿
ַҡͷ
վ˵ۣʵԼ
ڵԼȷ֡
ܿ졪
ŹһƬУ𶫻սֵʥ˳һγʥ⣬ҳԱ֡
͵۹Ĺٱ
λλʥػٱڽɫϣŵۻʵѹ¡ٱһʥߡ
ֵǩʥ˵
ַĿӹٱ˻ǰөĻݣӷһӣҪǩǳ֡
ǧɽͣһƻԼȡһ򣬾ǿλ
ַ塣ʥĿһǩ֡



1328 ܲ
2򡣡ַȡ򣬵ݸʥߡ
һԵȴɫٿһ䣬ͫоֱַ塣
2ӡ
ʥһƬغգԭǻͬʱ֮Уϣȫû뵽ǿԼ˴Լˡ
ʵݺַ˵û̫
ϾǸս
ȻЩǳ鵽ǧɽͻһƣһգΨַ塭Ԥʵ
ַĻΪɵ
ַɱմƵҲˣȻ͵ͬǿַɱմǿ»
ֻǣƵпĿ
ܲݴַ߹֣߰ͷ­żӣȴ켸ѹ
ַ΢΢һЦЦȻ
ݶǩܡ⡯
ȷôַ鵽ģǶӣһϴǿܼδԸҲϵǩ
룬Լǿˡ
սݿܱӸǿϻ춴Ͳһ
Լµģǵսǿ
ΪԼǿ

һ浹ù鵽һϣûС
ǻ˵ҲȥͲĶʣѾ1.03֡
Ӻݣʲ࣬һ7.9һ7.8ֻ࣬Ҫһ׬ˣ˵̧ôߡ
ʵַ࣬Ѿ1:15ˡ
ʲôַʱĶʾһʮڲǻָˡ
ţһʤ㡣
²
ǿÿһ̼һһǿûһߣǶ͵۹˼š
һһһơ
ħһƣ23ʵ൱ףȴʹ͵һʵҲʵһ
ľܿ
һƵ͸¶ʧ˵ļһԣĬĬ¾Χڷ׷׹ƣʾ
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һûһȡʤᣬ־ǿʵ蹵
̫ǿ
ʵûóַĿӯӯˮ΢ЦͷַĴָ
ԼЩøеģĿһУΪǵŮӡ
ˡʥߵַһԾ̨
Զǵȴһ˫Ȼ˫ֱӣһͷͻַ΢Цͷ漴۾״̬
ȻԼаգСݡ
ʵڲ֮䣬Ҫס
ǿڶʥַ壬սʥݣʥߵȻ𣬲ԶٱȤĿ
ǧԪΨһԤлɱ޵ôٱĦĴָָ
ַ壬츳ô
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ĽâһԲ»ȣʮؼ޵Ľ˼пңбͬһǿ춴˿ַս
ݣǰʥŵǿߣ
ݵĽǿš

ַٿһʼݱɫ䡣
ĵģʼδڻɱմƵУַ۵ľ绹ǵ⾳Զѷڣһ˿֮ܵס
ڣȫ
޵һצַ嵶ɱ䣬ʮصĸһ˿֮Ժɨʮһصġ
Ȼ޵ûбԴսʩչͬľܡ
Ҫǣַ޵⾳ǻȻɡ
ַ꣬岢һûС
⾳ƿأԵĿƣĸ򡭡
еĸջġ
ô
ԽսԽľɫѿһʼսƫԤƹַǿʵľԽԽҡ
˳ַʵ͸ʤһƶʱĸ
ٱҡҡͷ⺢̫ϱʵû⣬ʵǿľηηѳɴ
Ϊٱš
츳ȷҪкܶණ츳Ҫ
ĵΪԵȵȣŲֹһʣͬһʣΪкܶŶȱѪĥ¡
ַӮˡٱ
ϣȫ·ԽսԽûַ壬̶̲бѪ
ַ壬ʤʥ



1329 
Ҳ̫˰ɡ
ôѹעһϣˣ
˵Ҳжӣʵ̫˰ɣֵַضûУˡ
һĻҡ
ͷɫ࣬Ϊѿ
֮ǰĺ׳־ȫЦһĿݵͷ볡ΧôЦ
ȥıӰַҡͷ
Լ
ݵʵûӳ
սܲпᣬЩʮɵʵȫӣЩǿǿܷӳ120%150%Щ˺ѹп־壬ֻܷӳɣ١
ӮƯЦףص
áַǫ
ȥķ򣺡ʵ˵һδزǼ¡
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ˣʵܿĳԼӮĻЩˮݡΧڵб
ǲЦָָڣһ˫ǵͫȫԸҲĶ֡
Ҳǡ
ӹһЦַ𻰣ˣףҺ˰ɡ
漴תһԾ˾
ַһЦ
ӣȤҺзȡ
ȻʵҲݣӵ츳ô㣬ӵԣҪǿ
ǧɽͣӵĶַ֡
ǧɽ͵ʵԼʮǿԼȨӮ¡
Ȼǧɽ߾ȫջǰ£Ե֮С
ǹϲַ壬򣬳ɹ֮Сʥüȵ
ҵ졣
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ĿһΡ
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󣬽λʥ漴սһֵʱ䡣
֣ʮսټˡЦ˹
ҿɲôðƽ
ַ΢Цڴһ졣
Ҳǡȭ
飬Ǵġ

ʮ꣬ԼԪϵ˵ָһ˲
һܾѾûС
صʥǣʥΧտҲַǲܸоʦᷢʲô£ֻǸо
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ʥͽܣֻܶȥĥ¡
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بؾУļʵಢû̫áַףʥ߶ĵط
۱ʥȻҪǿĶࡣ
Σգʩչռ˲룬ļǿ
بؾһڰңҲмʮ꣬ʦӦûôַĵȻʦ˲ƣܽ˲Ƴ
ЩͻԵبؾ
ԽԽ٣Խá
ˣôˡַҡҡͷս׵˸ʯӳ⣬ַ˫ͫӾ財
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ʮʱ䣬׷
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һϣ
ײǽͷ
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ļ֮ϵ޼˼ʱȻЩߴɣԽ򡪡
ζ츳Խѣ

۹֮ҡ
ʡӹֵ
Ҫٱۺ
ǵģʡӵ
ٱӦ֪Σԣʵɵᡣ
֪ɫƽ
ٱһ˫ĿͶĬãΪַ壿
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ٱͷڵʵʤʵȷɣˣ
̧ͷĶŵ¶һĨȻ΢ЦСͽ̺ҪȫԸŬȡ
ΪһߣЦ˴
˵ᣬɣ߳ɣںֻϣΧڣܵʵ
ʳȫ
ٱĿ漴һӣȥɣ
лʣӸˡ
ǵӰٱһͷȷ⺢츳ѣƷУԸǸ棬һ֮ѡ
һֱҺ⺢ˡٱ¶һĨ顣



1330 ȥ¹ھ
ӣڽ
һߣַҲδ¡
̤޵ĵһеսâַ˫ͫ׵޵Ӱɾַ֣Ȼ仯
㣡ַвһ˿˷ܡ
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⾳Ĺؼ㣡
ӵ㵽棬ٴϸÿһ裬ַ徲޵꣬ڸǸ֮ڣ׽ǵĹؼ͸ڻͨ
һ̣ʵıɽƿַҵȷ·
ǰͬ׵޵ĵǽ츳̲У临ӣ׺֮⣬вױ֮
ַԽǸԽľ
֮ںϣ
ѹܳΪ츳Ϊʵ̫£⿿ˡַס硢ױ֮ΪأںһѾ򲻵˵֡
ѡַ廮һЩ衣
һǿҪ裬һԪδˡ
⾳Ϊȡ
ַ尵ͷ
һȫʩչԼžʦҲֵˡ
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˵ֱ֮Դ֮Ϊޱ츳εȿ£
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ڣ˷
⾳Ϊȡַٴοʼ

λܿĻ
һεʧƺӰ쵽ݣӦǴŵֻŵλʵһƣŵġ
ʵǿͬҪ
λθڣΪֻ̳Сţ
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ӣַ壡
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ֻõ
ԣ콱Ҳǳĸߡ
Ǿͼǿ춴һѡ
ھܻһ춴
δйĶ춴
ṬУһϮȹб裬ƮȻƽĽȴǴɱУǻ
ǧ
ȷǻĳţΪıǸһεۻʡ
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Ľɱ䡣
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ˣҲ㹻⣬ϾѾ
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ʮָ꣬һ˲
ʵģֹһˣһǳϵؾ֮أΨлҳԱɽ

ӣʮǰ롣
ӭ̫ӣʥΪ׵ʮʥߣ׷׵ϥأӭӡʱһĶţģǱսȴԡ

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ǵģѹ¡Ϊ׵ʥ¶һ־֮ɫܰȻ𣬱Ϊ̫ӣ
ͬ죡
ȻʧЦ
ȫûʻ̫ѾһǾʹӡػڡֶһ
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²˼ʥߵӽҵȱǻӵӼι֮λ˳ǻ
μ̫ӣʮĸʥ߹
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׼̫䱸
ãһ
ģҪҺʹһȣȤңʤֺη
򣬽һף


1331 ûϣ
ڴĶսβͬʱҲﾺ߳
ӣַ֮͵۹Ŀ⣬˭֪һԪ͵۹츳ˣ˭
ӺУơ󡢻һӾˡ
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ܰɣͬͬգҲһȦ͵۹սϴҲܽǰװɣ
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ģϴţˣƾжǣ̫ţˣûУǺһ𲢼սϴ󣡡
˭֪ƳһۣιϴϹϾģںǽ۹ǿ󣬲ǰ׻ңܴܲ·֡
ôɣҸҲǣƹЦ
ĿͶһӣСһ죬ʲôʹҺִĹϵǶ֪Һִװ׵ġ
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ƺʹӶЦ
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ǵģϴҪˣ˫ĿŹ⣬ѡ
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ӺУۿսǱ
ֳƱ类ۣһƱ˶ӺйۿֱֳͶƱ֧ʷңңȣ67%֧λ
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Ķţǵ۹ӣһ㣬ǵõŮ֧֡
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ûһһ߾ͿʼעԽԽ˭Ҳ֮澧ʲôû׬£ؼӲܶ
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ܿ죬14.513.7ڼ䣬δֹͣ
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ޱȵڴУ֮սĻ
۹֮ľϯϯʥ߳ά򣬱ٱһ絽ˣٱȤ
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1332 ս죡
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ʥ˷ܣʱһƬȸԾ볡Ĺ൱һרΪ
ǿǶ͵۹ȨһĽߣ
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ٱַĿԲȴ̴ӰŭѸߣʵȴ㲻С
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һұڶ࣬սʵٱ붼ʥĿƳԶӣַп˾η硣
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ڹٱУȡǡһ򡯣Ҳ˵һֿաΧһƬȸԾ˷֮ɫӵࡣ
ӵ⣬ĿͶ΢΢һЦ
ַҲ¶һĨЦݡ
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ܣսĻ
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ʵҲ֪ЩСèֻȲӵ֧ʣֻĬĬΪַͣԼ
ҵ򶫻ͲʣַӮ

ϣƽ
Χķϵͳȫַ֤κθţXϵͳ赲ڶ¹βơ
Χʮʥߡ
ڣлսһӣַŬʱʵ޴
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ʥһȡ
䣡
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ʣӰٽһʼչҵĶԹȼйڵȼսĸ߳



1333 ַԾ
ţһԹۿ
ӵʵͬʱҲַ塣ֻ΢΢ȣδϣϾ˵ȻȲʤȯ
ͬǣٱº⡣
ΪС֮ǰһֱûע⣬ֱ˴ζսŷ֣ӵСһٷ°ɡ
Сʱ򡣡ٱԽԽϲ
츳Ҳǿ֮Ȼλã츳һС
ҵĶԿۻҡ
ϵǣַӾǷͥ񣬶ѷѽ⣬ϯϺ죬һ࣬еɤӶˡ
սһ˵ã
ӱַˣϲ
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֤ûˣ˲ţ
Ҫаīɫâ֣ǼľУַܹĶ춴ߡ
ϵĶ춴
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1334 ϣ
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ʥڣ߷ˣۼַɾĻӣʱȼѹĵ׵ɽ
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飬սͬǿ춴
ڴʱ
п˵ܹӰ
ַһȴǰܹӦ֪ԼʱӲ͡
ͨˣԼԶˬЦַȻʧЦ



1335 ȻȢ
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Ĳ㣬δܲ㡣
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ֲħϢַ֣ͫ¶֮ɫڰħϢ֮Уֲѣǿ춴ʼˡ

ʱ䣬գۼ
ṬУδĥĽ֮ʵδһܣڶ͵۹һУǸ񻰡
¼ޣǴԡ
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ȥɣʦûܻҵĺͽܡ¶Цݣ벻ڶ͵۹ͬ˭ܻ
ţû



1336 ս
ˡַ뿪ʥǡ
Ќħ֮­âַͫеѪͬʱʧʵв࣬δزһս
ʱ䣬ַһʱ仨ڌħ֮­ϣȡõĳɹҲȻ
ʮǰսһȻ
Ϊźַ֪⽫˼һս
ļҪԶ
ڣͻơ

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һսһսɶڴŵսַ壬ڴ
Ů񣡡൱֮ߡ
ǰӶսҲһߵ֧ʣ˵ַ塣ʥʵǿڶ͵۹Ȩȴͨ
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ܿ죬ٱ̨еĽ仰
һߣͲʽĳ̽׶ΣҪĶʴ֮ǰ1.021.04١
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ļǿߵĶԾҲǡ



1337 䣡
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ϵߣһֱԴ֮ޣñԴĳϣ±Դ֮
ӵбԴ֮ʩչԴĻ
޷ʩչԴ򣬵ԱԴ֮ʩչ⣬ԶԶϵߡ
ǹ⻷⣬ع󡣡ȽŨ֮һȦȦĹⲨɢֱӴַս򣬵ϳһԲιȦַ
⻷ʡߡҫ֮Ϊؼ¡
˼ļޣ
ۼͷѪϯ˷ܺϣ֪ʲôַܿ콫֣ɻܣ
ַѾܡҡ
ϵûм˼ǿܱʩչѪ
Ȼˡַ岢⣬йߡڣһ֪츳ħ֮­Ϊ׼
~~
ڰĶħͷ­һַ˲ʱɴ۾
һɺڰϢ԰ħַ֮廯ŨŨڰ޴ħ֮ȽȽǹ֮ˡ
ַ̣̣̣屩ǣԳһ־㤡
̬һħ֮­ӵаħǿ
ǿ춴
ϵǿ춴һһƬۻİħֱȥǽعַ屩ǵٶȶ͵
߳
ٶȣϡ
ַȥعͬʱǻӵո¶Ѫâַ־˿Ӱ죬Ƕɰħı֮硣
˸ֲ
ȷʵ˵ãһţ˹Ϊأ˿¶֮ǿѪһֱ֮Ϯַ塣
֮裬ֹǿսʵڰҲ°빦
ʶͨԴ֮ھбԴ֮
Ȳ࣬Ǿ޴
ַ彫ħ֮­ӵ쾡£ħ֮­ϾֻǸͱ߱ħҲӰ첻˵ļᶨƽбһߡ
Ȼַս
һδεĹһδεı赲ǿ־
ⳡս䣡
~~~ַѪɫĹâԽԽʶȫڌħ֮­֮ϣַ˫ҵսε밵ħ֮С
һΣһΡ
ԴǽУַİڲϵͣħ֮翴һµأַսĶħ֮ԽԽ
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𣡡һˣѪ죬ħѪҺַ˫֮ɫܵſһɿϢ˲ʱӡ
һַ̣ˡ
һ̾ţѪǷڣŰħΪأԴǽڷ츲صı仯ļΡ
ַ壬һ

ɫڿ
ͻƵļɲǣַĺ̬ӵһ̬ɱ˵ڶ̬
ɲǱ



1338 ˼һˣ
սͻƣ
ʥǸоˣٱվĿǲǧһͻƵģԶԴ˶սûĹ涨
ߣʵͻҪʱ
ģģ˼İ򱶣ļǧ򱶣һͣҪԴǽˡ
ɲǵʵֻǸйκ֮Ϊս΢
ַˡ
ͻļʵԴڰħ֮Ϊ˺̬ɱ䡣
ڶ̬
ʱַ绯ħ壬Ƴ档ַǿȾǷʥ֮жһһġ
Ƶ
ü΢ʱ뱻ǿʮһؼ޵Ľľ磬ʽַ塣
ѷɫ࣬ǿ춴ϣֲ
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ڡ
ַıǿֱӴսǷУѹסħ֮­Ϊǿ춴ǽ֮Ĵ
ţӣء
ʥĹ֣һȿľڴ˿̾ɣ֮Ѫְٶһ
绯أʤա
ڴʱһͷ׵㤿ɲ׵޴˽Ƭž

ף׵ɫײһ⺮֮أַ˫Ѫȼգڶ̬ϡ
һ
ַҵ˵ʯʵ⾳ʯһ־裬޷У޵
һк͵ڶУϡ
޵ĹͲӦǷֿģศɡ
ͰԵƣ޼᲻ݵצַ廯ޣһδεĳԽսԽľɫ᧿Σ
ҲģԹһ־ǿԼ䡣
貵ǣ͵۹µţһδεѡΣÿһһڡ
䣡
ַ循춯صһн
һ˫峺ˮб𾪣ʣʧ䣬ĽַĵǰɫȹƮڿУȻʧɫ
ˡ
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
İܱȫһƬȻ
һ˫˫㵵˫ͫΪľǺϲ£еŮ׹䷲䣬һִ곹׵ķ顣
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˵һģǴʲô˼ҴҲһô
ʱǺĻðͷ
ôҲ벻ַùھһ⣬ַʱԶ˹
ڮַ壿
˼ڿǰʥĽߵĳż
ͷ˲˼ʮԪֹ澧Ҳ⣬ԭַ֤ûãѹȫϣںˣëûһ
߲ͬǣʥһηˣ
ΪһѹעƵ澧һѹȫҵҲַȫ˴ƣ
ǿǽ1:10ʣ
൱š
˷ˣѹעַϾⱲһ£
СǵǮëߣҿѹȫƲĽɣǰºģںڶ˰ɡ
ɶ֪ȫѹˣ
뵽ַӮãѹҲ١
ر
ʥڲУһлڣѹѹ٣ϳųɵ˵ӶѹעˣַĻʤʥ
Ҫǣַʥ¹ھ
ʥѾʮδõھˣ֮սҲȱϯ졣
һΣһϴ
ַĺճٴδʥ
Ƕ͵۹ǿ
ַ壬͵۹˼һˣ



1339 
һˣ
εȵĳƺεȵǿ
ַĻʤʵ飬ٱ¶ЦݣΪַƣϯҲŹһַȡöսھ
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ɲǼ䣬쳹õֱ쵽Ӹ
ˡ
ʦ֮ǰµŵԣܣǱ㡭
ַ壬ΣٱЦʱǺͰףһԵӲ´ָգգ۾
ȻֻҪַһͷٱý
ַЦҡҡͷǹҽʤ˶սսʱͻƣʵļʵռһˣʤԲ
΢΢һ
ΪֱַӦйΪַ֮ǰıӣַ壬͸Ÿ֮ɫв
ַ˳½ܹ䣬Եŵԡ
ֻɶѡ
ַӡһ㣬ϲַ壬ڡΪַľܾ˵ַ֪ⷬЩ仯
ķĪʧо
֪ܽԼʵ֪ԼòԴ˿̵ıܾĵȷЩζӳ£˵ҡ
ллַ˵
ַ΢΢һ㵣漴ףЦЦ˵ʵ
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սһܱ͵۹˿֤
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ǵһΣǰ׿ڵⷬ
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ΨһĶ춴
ˡַѩ״صĶ춴ϼ֡һϵĻ춴ʱԼûиӦ
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Ȼʦ˵춴Ϊ׼ġַףϼУܷܡ
ԼţҲ
Ȼ޷ϣҳΪʥߺҲַܷҲǹ֮Բų⡣
춴ʥ߶С
ϡ֮
Ȼܷ120%150%ܷͬ100%
Ÿյļ춴ˡַ⣬һһǿԼǿ춴һ춴
ҵԺͺʥʦ

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Ϊھַܵǧע͵۹ַ岢δö糹״սصʥǣ
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ڵʲô
ʵڶܴڶΣƵһӡ
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ҪǿʦǿԪ߸ǿ
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ʱһţַæµԴǽ磬ġĺȫǧ򱶣һƴ̣Ҫǧꡣ
ԴǽѾˡ
һ࣡
ԴԴϵ澧Ȼķַʱɡڳӯַ¶Цݡ
ʽΪļǿߣ
ʵս
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ţַһأ㿴һˣӣʱɫеء



1340 ˵Ϣ
ѾȺáܹܵ
ַţͷܹ漴¡
ַ֪ѣҲ֪ʲôʱܴţʲôʱܴţʱ̣һҪȸʮء
ڿЦȻóϵء
˵Цǡʲô·ˣַʯ£ڵ
֣γˡӻĿֱַ壬ͳӳڶڶ׶ˣ
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˥ڵڶ׶ΣַƤֱȻ׼ҲǱһ֡
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˥ںӳڶϵ𲽼٣Ȳ׶ȻΪһ׶Ρ
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ʱӳڶٲϵ
ٵ׶ΣСӳڶڵֱĴӳڶڡ
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ӿ˵۹⣬Լŵù
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ʱ䣬ַ漴׼һ£ϾҪبؾݲðʥ߶䡣
֪ʦʦôˡַǰ۹֮
Σգͻ档
Խبؾַڴ



1341 ¶
۹֮һƬʢ
Ƕ͵۹ĵ۶ǿ߻ۣʥߣﳣܼµĵ۶ȻΪ۶ʥߵϢǸо
ʥߣӿبؾ
һΣĻᡣ
ļһѾλļǿߣӳо
ֻļħǿߣ壬ţĵ
ʮǿˣλֻǿߣļѪǿȣ

۹֮Ĵ͵⣬ַǷ
ϵǿۣɶبؾֹǶ͵۹ʱ۹Ұ۹õ۹ȶһ
ϵʵǱԶȲʥߡ
ֻա
һΪһСӣʺϡ
˲β룬Ҳìܡ
ַҲû뵽ô֣Ⱥ漴봫͵㲻Զһ̻Ի͵Ĵ¥ΨǹȼϷɽ롣
ǿߣһӦʿ
ǿߣڶ͵۹סһޣƼȣɳΪ
ַ壬Բ˵
302ˡַܿҵλãǰһƬɫөĻ֮ţַȡݿԼϡ
Ρ
֤ɹ
өĻİɫΪɫַ漴롣
δֱ֤ӽ룬⵽׵繥ɲ˵Цģַ岻̬Եֵ
Ȼķϵͳʥ߻Ч
~~
302ַǰʱһ
ĿһһŮеĿһɫףͷɫͷһ˫۾ӡ
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ַ΢ЦкĿ漴ǾɫŮӣ΢΢һ
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ȫͬ
һʢĵƮݡ
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ʱԼ֮ô٣ԴˮƼʦġ̵ֻʦѾļǿߡ
Ҳ⣬һ԰֮͸ǿߣΪļ׾١
ڶҲ¡
ӹˣˮƼ̸ֻֽ΢ùӼЦˡˮƼ˵žȽһĨ΢΢
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ΪһʦĲǱ˵ʵжǿϿġ̵
ֺ۹⣬ˮʦ͵۹˼ʱϯʦļλʯӽܵ
ȻˮʦʵһҲļ88λ
⻹ˮʦսԵʣ֪ʶؼŽˮʦǶ͵۹һһġ
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ַܿʶ˴˴νبؾĵڶѣҲǴеĶӳˮϡۼʶ飬Ϊӳˮ϶ǵ֮
ļ88һѳӡ
˼ͬļǳҪǰ10000ߣʥߵʵ
ǰ100ӵλʥߵʵ
ַļսôԣ൱λʥߣսȷѷɫֻ࣬൱ļ⣬ʹڡ
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֮£ַĸ㡣
ӿ˵۹⣬׼
~~
һīɫĹâŴǳһٻӰ֮ǰĵڶλѣȻַ֮ǰҲʱǳһ

ַ壿
սĶ֣ٲȻǵзѡ
ٴͬâ·صǰսһ̣սȻַһͬѾļǿߡ
ӵлҵԴѸ١
ٳͲҪˡӴ˸ȴ˲ʱ仺գһƳݺһԣ߱Ƥĺܡ
ַҲһЦ
ڣСӾۼˮΪӳһˣÿԵʯΪϵܿСӱͨǰبŽޡ
Ȼַ˵ȣСֵܸ߰иСӺòã
Ҫá
ַ壺


1342 
ַˣӵ۹֮ܿ쵽بŽޡ
ޣζžبؾǧ֮һ꣬ͨʥһοռ˲ƾܵʮǰبؾտʱبŽΪ
סبؾΣա
һ֣Ϊ˵ȴʥߣϵߴڶߴ۹Թ޵ģĸңҰ۹õ۹۹ͼ۹
ˮɫȻ渶
͵۹ôַʵ
У۹˴˳޲ֻΪߴ۹֮ףһֱ治¡ˮ˵⣬ҪҰ۹ͼ۹
۹ħǿ࣬࣬Ҳɱ¾Ѫȡ
ַ˵ͷ
ħĺսԶ
ڶΣգͬСӳڶ˺ˮϵȻĿǰڶΪ˯ڣȻн֮һ˺ڸ
ͨ˺Σղ󣬵˺ֹһ֣ӳڶͻȻ
һıԤףǴģ˺籩ؾ̮ɡײϣʥҲӲˡ
ַ֮ݡ
بؾϾӳڶߣû֪ᷢЩʲô
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֮ΪСɡɡԲΡ
λԲλλλ򡪡ռ䷨ʱ䷨򡣡
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Ӳض񡣡ʥЦΧһƬ𶯣һ˫˫ĿΣﶺϵ߶飬ڵȴʥ߳֡
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Ȼֻж̶̲ǧ֮һ룬ϵɴҲ޷ֿסڶֲ˺
ϵͺڶΪ֮
μʥߡַ֮
ʥ߱Ͼλʥߣڶ͵۹ҲСΪԵ
ֻĸˣʥĿɨ΢΢Ծ
󾫲ࡣЦ
ַ
ȻӵĶҪӡ׳ۡĶ࣬ԣبؾ࣬ͺá
ҲǣֻˣܲʥĿ¶֮ɫ
ˮԲ˵ַʥߺܿõһǿߣڶսո¶ʵʥߡ
漴̸ֽһС
ʥߴһӣһɷ֣֮ɲǼΧռã͵һǼʧبŽޡ
ܿ졪
ৣৣৣৣ
ĵӰ̵ĳָ֣жһǿ˺ַȻ
ˣ
بؾ



1343 񾳳
þ˵Ԫַ𾪲ѡ
δⰵ֮ѪޱĸӦ⡢Դⰵ֮壬Ӧǿʮֹ
ңԪرԴһǿĸо̲ĳֹϵ
һɱԪǿĴڣƿƬ
λ򣬿ռַ֮尵
ΣǼϵԶϵͺڶһʵĲ졣ΪλĴڣʹԪرԴӦ쳣ǿҡ
ɸ°빦
ӳˮڣ˶ǵһνڶǺ档Ȼ֮ǰһЩΣڶʱ鶼൱ӵġ
ǿǺڶ
ϵȻ
ֹبؾǴںڶϵ˵ںڶ֮С
ȷλϸƤȵȣϵ
بؾڵݴ沿֡
ӳڶϵࡣ
ݺľֹͣôȴϵľͽ
ʥ߲˵ֻǾˣһνʱֺγַˣŴǰԼȻѹȥټԪ
ٴޡ
һΣͬĻᡣ
ˣﶺˣ߰ɡʥоһ˵
漴عӲʵȥģʦ
񾳳

񾳳һ޴ǳƬ
ɫһ㣬Ӳ̶ȱȽʯǿ򱶣ϵǿ߶ѽȫƻƬبؾԵľ޴½أǳبؾߵĵһŵ㡣
öˣӾ̾һ
ַҲһ
ۿȥ˵Ƶǿߣʮ־ˡ
϶ϵǿߣǼ߶Уַ΢΢һ㵣漴ףʵ죬ȻǼߵֵסڶ˺ȴԡ
بؾ˺ǵġ
Χĵһֻ֮һ˺ΣնͣԽ˺Խǿǧ֮һٷ֮һʮ֮һҲܲס
ʥǰ·
ʥߵμͷſ񾳳޲ĿʥʱǼը˹
ӣ

ˮƼ䵼ʦ
ɣַҲڣ

սһû뵽˽¹ϵôãһ֧顣
̫ĽַˣܺˮϣŮһӣĺ˱ӺƯˣ
ҾˮƼʦչȳ󷽡

Ƕ͵۹ߵŵ㣬ϵ߾Ӷ࣬սսûãַΪǼʶǼߡ
ˮϸ˵Ƕ͵۹ϯʦƵ̵̳ʤַӣѧϰ
ҪǣˮϺŮ̫
߷ʣͬʹ񾳳һķ羰ߡһĿַ壬۲ѡ
ӳڶ˥ڵڶ׶εϢӿʥߵϢסͻȻӿϵߡ
ȻһΣԣ˭Ҳ˲ô࣬δϵ߸ࡣ
ַ˵ͷ
ϵֻʣ11ԪڲƴǾǵ
ǵӿӰ΢΢ʥߵǻϰبؾΪĴ򣬾󲿷ϵߣֻڵһҲ֮һڶ˺ǧ֮һһڻ
ȻƬ󣬵ϡ٣Ҽûʲôܡ
ʥָԶһӣڳ۵ͼͼϼ˵һ򳬳99%򡣡
ַ˻Ȼ
ҲǣһȻ󣬵ܲס̽˶࣬Ȼûʲôܡ
ȻûʲôһģֻԶԡʥ˵ڶ󣬻ʹˣϾֻмϵǿ߲ܽڶ򡣡
һ٣ʥߵƩǡ
ַŶ
ڶ򣬺ڶ˺Ϊǧ֮һٷ֮һ
ԼƾӦֵܵסǼˡ
뵽˸٣ͨʥ߶޷ֵǿ˺ǵ൱Σգʥǿ
ĵ򣬾ʥǿ߶׽롣
֪Ŀǰ󲿷ֵʥǿ߶ڵ򣬽֮١
ʥ΢Цǵʵڶû㹻ʵǰҪǿ򡣡
Ӧʡ
ʥ߶ס˵ˡ
򣬵򡭡ַȽ޺棬˼Ѱ䣬ٿַĿԶʱͫ׷Ŵ
һǳϤӰһֱѰҡ
ַĿ⾼Ȼ



1344 
ˣǹʥһεĿʮ֮һăǡһŰɫۣϷӡаɫâϲĽš
Уһʶλõĵͼ
ʮϵߣ٣ʵȴβ롣˼ģ̼ģĶУʵǿΪļ
ʮϵУһִ޽ӣţӢ䣬ͷϸһִѪա
Ǹռʥõĳ껡
Ĭǣǿߡ
漣ʥ껣
ַܣңĬ磬ķĬǵܣ֪ʱĬǵķӡʧˣ
껴ϲ漴뿪Ĭǡ
Ĭÿһǿ˵ǸǱԸ
껣Ҳôˡ
δǰ򣬶ȥ˷յϵ߾뿪ϵַһǽ۹ֻʱҪַ
һǿҵıǿ֮ģʵ١
žǿѪĬܳ츳ǿߣϵǱǽһ̼ܿ˼
Ȳַ侪˵ٶȻ˹ע
ǡʥںǽ۹츳˵ӣ껱ȥˣɹļʥ֮󶵶תתﶫ͵۹ƨɻûȣ㱻بؾ
ĳ껣˺ɨĬǵʵ
ûлȥΪûҪ
ʶϵӴ֪ǰļʶǶôСϵǽ۹ǿϵԳ־á
ĸ棬Ƶķֺϣ
ȥػĬǣ
ûǸ£Գ˵ǿ׷ģ֪ӳڶ˥ڵڶ׶ε£᧿ΣԹ˲Ͼ
ٿأоһĿ⣬תͷһ죬ȴ벻
ȵȣ
ǣɫȻһ䡣
Ŀԣ˴˶ϳ˶Է
ַҲû뵽껣Ĭǻع֮һֱų껣ҵȴûȵѾǡ
ƫƫԩҲͷ
ַ壡оһܼ£㹻ʵѩޡ
ûҪˡ
ãּˡ껷к
ٿȻ֪кԼһ
ţ
ַҲû뵽껻Լ㡮ѺáνֲЦˣַ΢΢ͷãɡ
ǰӦҸռʥ
ַЩȻ
˵ӦúܺԼǣлҳһδѡ
ôϲַ
һģʵ
ַҡҡͷѣ˸顣
һΪַû漴˵ʲôҪæô
ַȻʧЦ
΢΢һ٣ַ岻㲻ɱң
֮䱾ûʲôޣֻ֮ǰͬѡ껵Ȼ˵Ĭ뿪ˣο
ͬϵƬİĵʵҲһԵ֡
ַ̾
֮ǰδ˽껣ֻ֪Ĭǿߣʶһ㡣ǱҪַҲɱڣ˵ֻͬѡ
һԵַ֡һЦ֮ǰԳȽɱʧ
ĳ˵ÿһ仰Ƿģ١
ѣܱȶ˺á
Ӧûﶺ죬Ǳߡַָָ󷽣˵л˵˵ҵĶڵңȹȥˡ
á껵ͷ
ַתȥɫƽ˵ַ岻һ·ˡתͷ껼ʦܣȴٿһ㵡
ʱʦڣһͬʦ֣Ŀⶼ۽ϣ۰Ͱ͵Ŀš
ǡôˣȻʵ
ʦܣʶַ壿
ʦܣַôʶģϵòã

˲ʱ䣬ʦֵܱߴߴĳЩȻʦĿ⣬Ҳ˷ֱ⣬͡
ǲһ񣬶ʱʵʦַô
Цŵʥĵӣô
ʥ
껾㵵Ŵ죬ţǿǶ͵۹ǿŲա
ַ徹ܳΪʥһԱ
֪ܲӼڸսĶսУַһǿߣ޿ʵʶھ
ս𺧲ѡ
ǿҪǿ߶ʵǿ߻ۣڵʵʸûУַ徹Ȼ
ʶھ
Цɣ
һȦز



1345 ǻʲô
껣ַ漴Զ
񾳳󣬵ûƽҷݣֹȿƼƷΪܲסڶ˺Ƕ͵۹ĳXϵͳҲֻܷڶ¹
Ȼֻ֮һĺڶ˺ȴʱ޿̴š
ļǿƾֵ˼ǿҲԣϵǿ߶Ҫ
ʥأַߵ֮һȵء
ʦǰڶˣٶԲˡӴȤ
ַһЦ
ʥʩչռ˲ƣռԣٶǿĶֻ࣬Уٶȸܱȡ
ͿԼˡˮӦڶ˺֤Ӱս̡
Ӧʡ
֮һĺڶ˺һֱڣ൱һֱŹǱӦȻѷӱս
ַӦ졣
ǿȾʥ֮жǶ⣬Բں֮һĺڶ˺ҪӦ˵
ֱӿӡ
ˮϺӦҲܿ죬Ů츳ǳͣˮϣӵλʥսַֻһС
ַ˿ӦˮϹžϻ¶Щ֮ɫ
ӣʱӦַ˲ͬӿǱ

ٿһôַ껡
ͳ˺ܶΣѻնԹûʲôޣֻǱ˴ͬȻ껲ޱ֮ģԩ˽ⲻ˽ᡣ
ֺĳˡ΢ЦʥļبؾֻµȲôãӦ֪һĻᡣ
ַͷ
Ƽ껼ʥ⵫ʱԡ
֪ļǿߣبؾҲǾһ˼͸˵ˡַίȰ껵ʵ߶δبؾкܴΣա
Ϊ껵ϲûη壬һڴַ岻һЦ֮ǰԼһ
ͬһߡ
ףˣŻַ֡
ּԡա
һЦ漴ֿ
ÿ˶иҪߵ·ַԲǿصۼ֮أ׼ˮһоͼн·ߡ
ʥ˵һ򼸺Ǳ̽ȫ
ͼϣλá
һһЩ֮أδ̽ȫ򣬿ܻбؾݵͼϵıʶ1327λöЩƫˮϵ
Ҫ̽Щ򣬽ڶҪһ㡣
̬ɣ̽Ѱһ򣬻ֱӽڶ򡣡ˮˣǶӳ˵һС
ַ壬ӻһۡ
ΪƵ·û£̽ѰһӦһ£ѭ򽥽ӳ
ֱȥڶ򡣡һ̫࣬Щδ̽ȫ֮أкܴΣգǹѽ⣬Ҫ̽Ѱ¡
Ŀ漴䵽ַϡ
ַ˼һ£˵ͬ˵ϵֻ߽ԽԽ࣬ڶ̽ѰܽǶʵ޶ȵķӡ
ɫѰ̾Ϣ
С৵һ죬һɣֹ˵ûǶӦڶǧ֮һڶ˺ﲻֹؾ࣬δ̽Ҳࡣ
٣ôͷ򳪸ˡ
ƶˡˮףôˣֱ·ߣǰڶ򡣡
Ӧ

񾳳һߡ
ʥߴļ۷ߣΧһɫսͷʹڵΧʥϢɢ˸ҽӽ֡
ӣ衡
̫ӳˡһļǿ
ƨ̫ӣĿһŭ֪ϲʲôԻΪ̫ӣҵʵǿٱ͵Ķ࣡
νŭҪҪһɫƣмǵλʥߡ㪡̶
ĥĥɱ⾡¶Լţֲĺ
ˮϣһǿ춴ͨ춴
ǿ춴ͨ춴
ַ壬һ춴ǿ춴ͨδ֪
һ춴ļǿ춴
ʯӳȻڣռ䶼𶯣λʥߵʵɣǵʵӵеĻ춴ȫɱ
ǿ˫޲¶֮ɫ
ĸļߣӵ㾪˵ı
磬жٰգʵ
λʥߡȭһ󣬷ųɾţ
һ漴Ц˫ɱ⺮⣬ǻʲô
ɱǣ¶



1346 ѻ
ַˣ

ϻһƴô죡
ǣ
ԽģֹǶһ
ⶫбףַ壬ӶǸڶս¶棬Ǵ֮սжʵϱ٣Ѿܡ
ˮϣΪ͵۹ϯʦַعٲȥ
Ҳͽӽʥߵʵ¸ë
ǣĸ˶ѣȫѹǣ
Ҿսɱͬ⼸СһмѪģ̸ֽѣҪɱ練ƣ

ĸ磬ϲϣ
ȥажģֹһҡ
ûܸˡ

ַ뿪񾳳һ߶뿪̥ջ̫ʧȥǣա

ϵֻʣ11Ԫ˭ں

ַˣʱٶȼٷš
ˮʵ֮֮ͨٶȼ죬ַԲ˵ٶȣһ
ӣл춴ٶͬκһ˲
׼ܿһսˮƽȻ
GӲԡ
ַɫƽ
죬񾳳ڸĿ⾡۵ףַһ̰ɶʡɱ⡣
Զʵҹ
һûʵȴޱԻᱻ˿
ڶǰϤһսͦõġַսİСѪɱ¾ʵսгɳġ
ʵսĥ£ʵѷʽ
֮½۹Ұ۹۹ǿߣǽڶľʥߵĶ飬Ͻ޳ɣӦĥһ¡Ȼ
һڹﰡһΡ
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˻Ȼ
ֲʥ߻ὫǴ񾳳Ȼϵ
ڵһʥ߲࣬λʥߣλʥ߼٣СˮƽҲаյסԴҲҪġ
ַһЦ
ӳˮϵʵֵļԵһСλʥߵսԼ֣δӮ
ôҪɱ˰һû׼ءһơ
ˮһƳı࣬ʵӳڶ˥ڵڶ׶ΣڴҶ˼ɣݲһ޴ѡ
۴ˡǸ
ַЦЦʵǰǵֺγǰǵأ
ַ˵ûˮȻףĥ϶Ĭս⣬һƵĴûᣬƽʱѻû춴ڡ
ȴһѵĻᣡ
ʥ߲Σ澧ѾûãΨл춴ļֵ

ַ˵ٶȣͨļ׷ϡ
Ψʥߣռ˲Ʋ׷ϡ
Ҳˮϵڣ˵Ҫĥһ¶ĬսѡֻǹؼġļĶ飬ûʲôֵԷҲࡣ
ߣţë
һ֧鲻£ʮ֧֧أ
ս˷ʱ䡣
ڶ֮ǵĶֶʥߡˮϵҪԸʥߣҪһܷռ˲ơñ򣬻ǰ⣬֮һҪа취Ӧԡ
Ȼذɡ
㹥Էֱ˲뿪
ֱ󷴻Ӯˣ
ƽⷽкܶࡣ
ַ壬սĵΡ򡯾ƣʥؼþ̫ơ
Ŀǰսַ޼Ҫ˵Ըʥߡ
ַ壬Ըǿ
ˣַĸӦҲǿġبؾܶƼƷʧȥãƩ綨λֻ̣ܿԵʯȷ˴λá
Ӧֻܿǿȡ
ҲΪʲôڵ۹֮ʱرܻӭ
Ƕص˵ĸӦؾ̽Ѱ߶ҪǿĶࡣ
ʱ˿нУַٿһݡ
ž
ַͣ£ˮ˲ͣ£Ψַհ
˵ķֹȷ
~~ַ˲ʱ״̬аħ֮ɫŨսۿ֮꣬ʱӿֶ
ৣৣৣ
ַʵˮϣͬʱ׼սҪٶ˵ΧռһӰǳַ֣ĵѴֱƲİԵϢȻ
޵צ
ѸޱߵһУȼַبؾĵһս



1347 ɱ
ৣӵɴ۾
ˮϺһȴû뵽ַ˵ʹ˶ûֱӿսԤڵȫһ
Բ˵ϯʦˮϣҲɱ顣
ߴ۹϶Ƿƽ˾ǽֹɱ¾ǵľȫӺˮڣˡ
ûһɱ¾
ӺģʵʵȻ¡
ɱ
߳
ַһ֣ɱǾˣһ˿֮ڶսʱλʥߵս񡭡
ǽӽλʥߡ
ʲôսпռ˲ƣʮļߵλʥߡ񡯣ɫȻһ䣬һɫڻ춴ϣʱ
ۻȻػϣˡ
飡һһӣؿڷƣѪ˺󷽡ķףʮļ߾ûôˡ
߳ϣ
Уһľͷ׵ֻ꣬һէ֣Щƽ߸ϵļߣֱӱһնɱ֪ô¡
ôԴһƬ¡
ѹȻ񲻹ƣ׼ܣռ˲Ƹ׼ʱۣһɫȻ
~~
ܵĵȻ仯Ӱתһݺᵶ˷ӿ֡
ʲôط
Ȼ䣬Ȼ֮ԪؽٱԴ֮Ϊλʥߵȷǿ۹սȴƽƽ
۹ֶκ͹ַ֮λʥ߰㲻
Լ֮ǿ֮ǿ
ַ壬ʤһ
ҲɫŤȻʣôҲû뵽ڵһһļС
Ȼþƣֲ׵ָǣûѡء
䣡
֮£׵꣬þһգַڰգһɫףһ˿ѿʵ
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Ҳ̫ˣ
ӵɴ۾Ȼѡ
ˮϺϢŸҪԮַ壬;ͣ¡
ΪսѾ
ǣֵĻᶼûС
أ׹ˡַһЦ漴׳ָЩָ澧Ƿ֡
йأɷԲ
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ַһЦ
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ֻͨ춴ʱ޷ϣ䱾ѵλʥ߲Ρ
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ҧݣоһţһ˿ǿ䡣ַһӣȴ֡
սһܣ¡
Ҳа
ˮעַ壬˿΢΢ϲãףսַҸʺϡ
۹⣬Կĳַղŵıζʲô
һѪɱ¾ϴսʿ
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ַ壬ȴ߷紵ɼͲҰݣ
Ͻǫˣֻѡַ΢΢һǫٿ˫͵תϽ㣬ߣ˲£ֱַϮұߡ
һΣӦʥߣ
׼ˮϺܿչʵǿ׹֣ϣ޾׵£֮ų̵ɡ
ʥߣˮϺ
ǿǱӾһѼ⵶Ǵ˳ȥߣַ岢սһɫţ޾âա
ǧ
̤ļʵַֻʵսǷȱȴܿӦɱսַһԣܿ˱ȡʤ
ַĿԶˮϺӲҲǵ춨ʤ֡
λʥڸ翹ʧܣֻʱ⡣
ȻУλʥ߲ʵһУ޾괥֮ء
ݣַ˳ͷ
Ȼûǿ춴ͨ춴ȴڴַһɱǸλʥߣͨ춴ַøϾ֮ǰһ
һġƽᣬǳ϶
ϲռ˱ˣַ塣
ǿ춴أַЦ˵Լ֪ʲôڴͬһӣ̫ྺʶ͵⣬ʵǺ¡
Ҳġԥ
ӣַݸһЦҲٶ˵
Ҫĵ⣬ǳϦ֮¡



1348 ʥߵĲ
һ
һΣ˵ɫ࣬ʥͻ㪣ɫȻ
Щ죬ѾмʮĶ鱻ǻɱλʥ䵭ı飬Угʮλʥߡ
һ֮
λʥ߻ɫ࣬ʵǿҲΪԼһǿʮλʥߡ
ˮϣҧʵλʥߣЩλʥ̫ˣ浱ûɱ¾۸
͵۹ϯʦǡλʥ߻üͷ塣
ִ֮ԴٱԴ֮ѾλʥˡλʥǵһȣҪж
ûգ
аնԸˮϡλʥһ٣Ŀ㪣ַ壬ʵλʥߣһ˲
ΪѾʦֹҡ
һϲѣλʥߣ̩ɽ
λʥʯӵͷҺʦԵʯͨͻʵʤһæԸһ˾аٷְٰա
ã̫ˣ˷ޱȡ

Ͻ㣬ܳΪλʥߣַ
ǻ˵ȻһЦʦΪʲôΪˮƼ䡯Ϊʦˮ֮򼫼ѣˮ֮ԴٱԴʦһΪλʥˡ
ַͷ
λϣΪλʥߡ
λϣΪλʥߡ
λϣΪλʥߡ
ȳΪλʥߣΣ֮Դ֮ĳϲǸôַ岻⡣
һˮҡͷ
Ͻԡ
Դ֮һν٣ͬʱǿҲ󡣡ˮ΢΢һ٣ô˵ɣһ죬һǺ졣
Ȼ۷֮ҶһγܹռЩơ
ֲ˷Ѻܶʱ䣬
ˮĿַ壺ǵĿֻʥôλڶɣ㣬λʥ߶ôġ
ĿʥλñԴϣΪѡ
㣬ַ塣
ַ΢΢һ
ĿҲ
ˮƽȻҼµģɿλʥߣǧҪλڶȻ㶨Ī
ַš
лϽѡַл
˭ô࣬Ͳߴ·Щ·
ַǴ֮ϣˮʵ
ûƻҵ֮ԴΪص֮֮࣬ױ֮ϵûУϵΨħ֮ءַ
ҪñԴϣȱԴ֮ǵء
˲رԴ֮ͨء
ѪƺԪ޹ذɣЩĲսֹˮ϶ַϤַ壬Ա˴൱Ϥ
ֻϤˣŻĬʵ
Ͱַ岢δ
ˮϣӽһӵɴ۾Ͱܲ棿
Ҳûˮҡҡͷ
һΪѪϵֻаԪء
ַһЦ
֮һԼΪȷߡ
õģǰħ֮ͺ̬ǿ֮
ˡ԰֮һڶܽѪ󻯵ķӣϵѪศɡˮ˵
ַһѪҲǿ
ˮţ໥Ḷ́һ̤ڶͨط򣬻õֻ֮һΡÿʥ߶ռ˲ƣⲢԼģǡ
ĸ衣
ǿգڤڤ߹ס
ַͷ
Լ֮ǰڿǣһԴ֮ڶѾˡԼѪΪⰵ֮壬Ӧһ֮롣
ศɣ
Ͻ˵˲޶ȵǿ壬ʡȴܶʱ䣬ܸǿѪַĿǰġ
ԼѪӦôǣ
˵ˮϣȣǺȣ˺ܶࡣ
ԴǽѪռ20%ľ޴Լȴ5%ֱ˼
ַţԼѪûô򵥡
򣬿߹ľ
ӦĹϵԵҵѪصļ޷ȫ漤һǺǿѪַԺֳڷ˿µΡ
ܻصĳȻڡ
ӵкԼһѪ
˵ԼѪԴ
ڶһĸ裬һȫؼѪַ˫İٱ
ǿѪ



1349 ջ񼫷
תۣʮȥ
ûȤû鷳֡ӿЦ
оĵһЩʥ߲ѾȫˣûĹҲƵˡˮƽʥ߲£벻ὫĿԼϡ
Ǹջ١ȻһЦ
һԹ֮սɵһ춴ͨ𣬵ϲʡʱ侫ֱǿս
ԡսǺַƽ
бģֹһ
ӣͬһͨ춴ϵĻ춴ԭһ࣬Ϊ۹ӣӾкܶȨ
ջˮϣΪǵߣλʥߣԪطڶʥߣϵġ
ˮϵĻ춴ַ廹ˮϡ
ˮϣսҡ
ˮϣˮ֮һ輫ɫ
ΨһûջľַˣرԴϵеı٣Ψһһַã޷ϣϡ
õ壬㣬ַԷС
ͨ춴19֮࣬ˮϻ15ӣΪ٣ܹ7ͨ춴4Լԭеġ
ջ񼫷ᣡ
Ͻ㣬˵Щͨ춴ʱôʲôãУַ
ȼ۽ˮӦҪͨ춴ʥ߻ǱȽ϶ģΪһʥ϶ֻһ춴ԶԶ
ַͷ
һսһľѾ
࣬࣬࣬࣬࣬࡭ȵȣõıû˻Ӷ࣬ʵҪսбҲܹؼ
Ҳּÿ󼶱𶼷ΪƷƷƷƷĸΡ
ջܶ࣬Ʒͨ춴ֻмģַͨƷ춴
ַϴսףһͻ
ǼǰսأϣϾֻͨƷ춴
һ㣬λıΪƷ
ֻмرͻģһΪƷ
λıΪƷرͻģΪƷΪͬԵ±ͬ
ڵڶרŶһ׵ĵط
ʥ֮䣬ͨĻǡԪ顯بؾԪͨõġˮΪϯʦ൱ḻ
Ԫ飿
ַ棬Ҳ¶֪֮ɫ
ˮϵȻʱǾ֪ˡ
ַЦһ
Ͻ㣡
᲻ѣʦθڵģ
ʮʱĲս˹ϵչÿ춼һս빲ָ죬ʵ
ǱɽˮϣҲƽ׽ࡣ

ڣѳԱ
Ǿĵˣ׼ǹ֧ȴ¶
~λʥͫһǰռ𵴣ʱһ̩ɽǧ֮صĿΰ󺺣һʵףðܻ档
ͫޱ׳ֱɿȶ衵塣
λʥߣ̩ɽ
ʦ֣λʥ𾴵ΪͬһȺλģΪӣɽ
μʥߣļ
衴ϲ̩ɽǰ˴ζֵ
̩ɽĿһƳսƷɡ
ʲô
ɫȻһ䣬ѿǰðɣ
̩ɽһʱõĶڲѣɫҰףΪ˭ٷϻ䣬㶼ɱˣ
ճ鶯һƬȻ
ȻĿ䵽һֱλʥߡǱʱʲôˡ
بؾӵûаô
ôλʥ߻ҲǰȥУ衸о·ɲǼ䣬ʧȥһС

һǣǣַ˼
ˮţӺһ϶ȱȽϸߵ˼ļ߶ӾһĿȻʥ߲ûС
ͬλʥߣʵԲܶࡣ
ЩλڶЩλɣΪλʥߣսԶ
ַͷ
ϣλСɣΪλʥߡ
ýľˮзϣΪλʥߣٽλСɣҲܳΪλʥߡ
ͬλʥߣսȴԶ
һǿˮϵҵս֮ǰǶλʥߣͨ춴Ӧýӽλʥߡ
أַЩ档
ʻ䣬ٿַɫȻһ䣬
оһɼǿϢĽӽ
ৣַ˲ս״̬



1350 
ǿ
һεĵˣȹȥʮ춼Ҫǿ
λʥߣַ˲ʱĴȣ׵ɶ֣ˮϣĬʮ㣬Զռһ𵴣ʱ־ŵϢ
УʥϢ
δ͵Ϯо֪ռ˲Ʋܵģ͵ʴףǶЩӦɫĶ֡
ַ壬Ǹ֮һ
һˣַ˸սبؾǶϣ
οҲҪ͵Ϯ
λʥߣ̩ɽ
λʥߣ
λʥߣ㪡
Եʵѹƣ
λʥߡ̩ɽλ൱һλʥʵ
ַսЩˣʵǿˮϣҲֻǽӽλʥߡ˿̸û·بؾʥߵ󻯡
ӵпռ˲ƣ׷ܣ׾١
ž
ַˣˮƣʱɢ俪̻šʵԶʤĶ֣϶Կ
ɢս㲻Уܵһһ
ৣৣৣ

̩ɽԥֱɱˮϣʵǿģԸɱʵǿġٶȸ죬׷
ڻ㪣ɱַ塣
ɫļ۷ǿߣֱɱӡߺԥһһ٣ֱӱܡ

ˡַ䲻ʶЩˣӦжȴ
һսҪӮ£ͻƿΨϣϽ㻹ӣȫơ

Լʵڲ֮䣬൱λʥߣҲһλʥҡ
λʥߵĶ֡
ַս֮Ԫ˲ȼǰǿߵĵ˲ʱ˫Ȼȡ
̬ڶ״̬Ŀַںόħ֮­ħ̬󻯡
بؾһδսڻͨ
̫̬ģַĽؼԴʦǿؼ̫ǿƿռ˲ƵһֶΣַ岢á
Ϊպܴ
~~~
ԣһһ̫̫֮룬ɫֱ񷣬һһ׵̫ͼѸ쿪ת
ʲôλʥ߻ɫȻһ䣬ҵ壡
˱ƣ´һһأڰ̫֮ʵγһϣͺƽһյľ
߼׶Σ
뵽߼׶εؼ̫ûи̶ܱ䣬ֻʣΨһ
ǣơ
ʯһǣơ
ַͻΰ̫ͼ뵽ⲫ
գܴ
ַ岢ãǴ̵ռƣΪ˷ֹܲõģڡ
Ҫģץסʱ䣡
ҪӮҪӮĿ죬ȶӳˮϣǱߵսӮҪ죡
ΨһĻᡣ


ٻӰãһȦ֣ٱԭ֮ͨһٶȱǼ죬
ȷӵпռ˲ơ
Сȵתãʤһ
ԡ֮һڶ͵ͷӵλʥߵٶȣֻͨѣ
Ͼλʥߡ
֪Լ㣬᲻ֲ
𣡡ֱʩչ֮һԲδм̵ʱ죬Ȼ
⣡⣡⣡
һâļֱ֮꣬ܣж衣֮Ѫٱá
ٿء
áΪ֮һ䡣
ɫԲμֱڵϣγ󷨰ĽƣܱһϣΧסʱܷΧ޵С
䣡
ȭˡ
ռ䶼𶯣ȭ󣬼ȭ֮λʥߵս¶š
ͨ춴
Ľǿ󣬵ͶϵյַľߣֵǿҼַûеķԺһ˿֮
ʥ
ʵĲ࣬Ϊ̣ʵͲ˵жơǧţ£һսֻ֮ٲ㡣

һΣ㲻һٴΣһǧΡ
ռ䶼ȭӰңƵԷѹĻᶼûУɫȹ棬˲ʱȾһĨ졣
ҪôԺֳһ˿ͷ
˲䡪
꣡߷
һɰߴܱߵļѿʯվɫһ䣬оʱ
~~һϤϢɶֻһǱסЩ٣֪˭
ˣ



1351 
ַĵٽȼü֮
֮ǰһսУַĬıַĻ춴ƣСⰿ衣
㲻ýս
壬̫
ַ岻ֻͬļַǿҪһΣʯӴʱȻ
ļôôǿ壡ޱȣܶѪǿϵħǿߣûһַ㾪ˡ
壬ǿ
֮λʥߣ
ңѪҲǿĲ֣ܳΪλʥߣλʥߵ壬ڡȴһϵܺ
壬ޱȾ޴ġ
ָܿȭٿȻǿΪַ壬Ƿȱ
ϾֻϵԴ֮Ϊûʰġ
ʱַȴȥĽ֡Ľطн֮ѷɫ֡
ߣغһꡣ
λʥߣϵС޲ڣʧϡһ˫ȭɽо԰ա
Σȴͬ
~~~
͵һǰȻͻ䡣
ãþɫأٿȻһ˷ַþӰ죬ȴֻ档
ޱĬ
ʱ䣬ƣֻʣֵ
ɥʧ
ַܱŻֱӲսƾþһӣֻҪѰϡ
˹ҡ
ңĹַġ
۹Ͻ֮ǧ츳λʥߣҪֻǸ
ĹҪķǿ乥
һ㣬ַĺ
ߡ
ַϾ˵ˣ֮ǰ㪼ҶԿ·꣬л㪣ԼҲܣʼλʥߣǺڡ
սλʥߣ൱һλʥҡ
ĬϣǿͬʱҲ֡
̫ԡ
ۻ춴ȫѹһδι£˲ᣬþӰ켫Ϊء
ȵƿþʱǿ֮ĩ

ҧгݣԡѪƿþͬʱʩչռ˲ܣַᣬ̫ʱ֡
սһֱַ壬չƴɱ
ĿƳᣬʮһӡһ׹⣬ֱȡӳˮڣɫȹմȾѪȴǿִš
һ֧飬Ҫ
Ҫսսף
ħ֮­ַ˫ĿѪһͨ죬ǿ춴ӵ£ذħ֮壬ڶַ̬Ѫɱʮ㡣
ַ̫չɱ
ʱƴѾʵ־ͼͣǷ
һһ
Ѫˣַδȴ벽޴ħ֮ԽԽַȫڌħ֮­״̬֮Уħ֮Ϊ̡
һδַսһδ塣
ôɫҰףǿ֮ĩǰ绯ħ꣬ȫѹǸо;ĩ·ζ
ҿλʥ߰Ъ˹гʡ
ʱǰͫеѪħ֮Ѵ۷壬սıһ˿
ħ
г־座Ȼ˲䱻ûڵ֮С
䣡
λʥߣУ
ַս˺Ķħʱ댻ħ֮­ϣһɷܣԿơ
žžַյ˫ȭ¶
Ӱң
ҧĳѪַͫоⷴʢѪɫδӰ쵽ǡǿ춴Ҳҡ֡
ڣħ֮ΪﱾԴΪļ¡ַ벽ͣӳˮϡ
ذħ֮
µıԴΪħ֮­ϣˣħ֮­Ҳŷӳͨ춴
ħ
ַ尵ħ֮ͬʱַİħԴһ㡣
µıԴΪһ֮󣬱Ƿ
ǰħ
ܲķϾλʵɱַ壬㵥Եɱ˵ѱش
ⳡսӮˣַԶƵĽڽڰˣشŮ
ڵսλʥߣ
߳
ַĵŰħȻ



1352 ĺǿ
ôܣˮϺ˫¶֮ɫ
ǰʵȴʵʵķǰַ壬һ֮Ӳλʥߡ̩ɽ
ڶ͵۹̩ɽҲǺպ
ȴһļսѽѷ֣ʯΪѿ̩ɽУֲϢȻ֡
Ȼ
ڶϵģս۷ַ塣
ɱλʥ߻㪣λʥַ۶־սⶼڶ壬ơַ˵Ͳ⡣
Ұޣڸ˵ʱǿġ
һδѪɱ¾ĥ£ַͬˣÿһȴΪʣǿǿܲ
ԸʱʵҪ
ˮһԸ岻֣ӣ졣ڶսַܺǱ޿һֱڡ
Ҫʤַ塣
ַ󣬸ǰƴ
ΪѣԽԽĬַʵҲ˽ԽԽ
ĺǿ
һһ츳ܺǿš
Ҳַ֪ӮĲΪʵźַƽ졪
ַ壬ȫԽ
ԶԶ˦
Եλʥ̩ɽŲʮУܱڣ̩ɽַ壬ȴЩַѹƣ
ôô죡Žһ˫սҡ
~~һԣˮϽͫץʱָʵ
һ㡣
岻֣ˮϿԸַ壬΢΢ȵķ˿ϲΪҪڴˣΪ̩ɽֻ֣ϣϹʱַܡ
뵽¾澹ģ
ǣȻпӮ
ৣˮһˮ⻯ˮΣֱȡַ̩ɽսģĻ춴ˮ껪ı
ַܺ岢δôĬϹˮбԴ֮ص㡣
Ƕ͵۹ϯʦ
ļӵнӽλʥߵսǲһˮУ˵˲ʱ̩ɽ൱鷳
ƽӣбַһ
̩ɽϾλʥߣʵǿֹһսַս۷壬в
´ΣҶȡУ̩ɽһѪǱܡ
ΪλʥߣбֶΣʵҪɱһܻ켣ڵڶλʥߣ¡̩ɽܣⳡսĻ
ļǿߣûав
һˣ㽫ȫɱ

οأ硣һ̾ϧң̩ɽɱ⣬Ҳһ
ڵۻ֮ңѵ͸
Ȼ˴飬ϾͬѪ
衵лЩӵĸ顣
ΪʲôѡΪ̫ӣˮһУ¶һĨЦŻԡѪַˣٿزǡӮˣ
ͻ㪻ɱ̩ɽܡˮϵ
λʥλʥ̩ɽȻɴ۾ֱˮϣʦҲ̫ǿ˰ɣĶ֡㶼Ӯ
ˮҡͷһ˫ַ壺ǵĲңַ塣
֣ˡ
˸ַ壬һһ̩ɽ
ɣ

һս
ս档
ַԲ˵սʱͻƵİħ֮Ϊħ֮­룬ʵһԾһλʥǣһٳӳˮϡ
ǧһ㣬ƻָʵܿ쾫һλʥߣһ֮䡣
ӳˮϺӲջС
衣ͬƶĲر⣡
ϣһ춴˼ǿ춴ʮͨ춴֮Ӹʤ
ϻ㪵һͨ춴
һսַ˷ˡ
أϵֱȡߣٷ䡣ӳˮɨˣַ壬ӵͷÿһηˡ
ֻһΣսƷرࡣ
ʮ˼춴м䣬ֱۻңҶ衴Ļ춴ƷϾЩǻҳƷ
ҲˣӵһӦֱȡһͨ춴
ˡܷܷȡһǿ춴
ӳˮҲ˼ͨ춴
ַϸϸӦʮ˼춴Ӧģһϵͨ춴ֱӾˣһϵͨ춴ˡ
һɲǡ
ޣַǰһ



1353 
һɫ״絯ɰı
˼ǿ춴֮һ
ϵıû˺ֱַȡЦ˵Ͻר޵ϵǹϵǷϵ
ܿ죬һһȡꡣ
ַõ࣬ͨ춴һǿ춴
һͨ춴һǿ춴
ˮϺͨ춴
ʮ˼춴ʣһ춴ǿ춴ʮͨ춴Ϊʵ㣬ϵֻͨ춴
ǿ춴Ҫϣһʥߡ
ڶ춴ϵĸʥǿߡ
춴ַ壬Ӧûɣӳˮ˵ҡͷӹһЦӦõġ
°ɡӳˮϽΨһĶ춴ŵַǰ
ַţҲŤ¡
ǿ춴ӳˮ΢΢ңַ壬ôʱĿϡ
ÿңû顣̯һЦ˵ȷʵûʲôҪңҷ˼οҵǿ춴Ѿˡ
ӣļǿ춴ġ
ֻ֮ǰÿǿ춴ߣϵģַǿ춴ˮ϶
ˮףΪӳ˽ƫ˽ģַӦôͷԶ춴
һ춴ֵʤʮǿ춴
ʮͨ춴һˮֱ˵һȻ飬νҳ⣬Ҳȵ
˵춴ûзֵʵҲôҪ

بؾڶ
ʦ̩ɽΰ¶ʯЩ侭ʮĻָսȻָֻ˳ҡ
̩ɽǰģһ̷ߣüëɫģһ˫ͫǽʨ̵ߴ֮һüϡ
Ե棿ü˻ƣħ
̩ɽǵʦһˣ춴ʮϵǿ춴
ҹȻԣһϵСӶŶ춴ҽʨ̴ʥߣֻһͨ춴ü
ʨ̣͵۹
ڶ͵۹һֻһǾǰʥڶֱħ͹ȣٽǵ
ֻҪʦֵ֣̩ɽƨ
ãüȵϵͫɱһõЩһɿԪ飬ұϣͻƽޣΪʥǿߡ
еʹ
̩ɽǹʦܵóԸ
һ˫ͫŨŨɱ̩ɽ֪ɱһˣǷǳ϶һ
Ժиֳַɱģ̩ɽ˸
δʵϵǿ߽սһλʥߣǾǰʮҲֻˡ
ʮ޲ɾ֡
ַᣡ
һҪɱ̩ɽɱŭӿһ뵽ʱմͻƳΪʥߣбĪе־塣
ʱʵжֲ

һ򣬺սַ֮˱۽г̡
ΪµĶ顣
ַǾôӳˮɨӣΪӳǴȻһƱˮϺá
ϣֻҪַо͸͡
ˮϺһǳţȫȥӣҲֻǱӶѣֻΪַĹâ̫ҫۡ
ַ塣
ҸطϢһҲáʼ磺ʵ̫ϴҺȣҪһ¡
򴽣˼
ַˣ֮ǰЩӱļֵλʥǰϴ٣ձǣλʥߣλʥߡ
ֻһΣǿûôˡ
ջʥÿ붼춴Ϊûʱ䷢Ӳмʵܸһ㡣
֪ҵĹǣϾѾʮ꣬ʱԽԽ١
ΪˣҪһʱ£ҪߵĸԶ˱ĸǿУ
ʱգַ㹻ķ
ڶ͵۹ʵǻȨ
ַʵڶУǳˮϣΪǿһ
ͬ⡣ַ˵ˣס
ˮϵͷδͷѱϣ̩ɽǽʨ̵ˣرĸںܻܿȥȱˣݱܷâϢȷľ
ȫͬ
һоһ֮ء
ã



1354 ݱܷâ
ַԲᱻʤͷԡ
ľַش֮بؾһ׬̫ݣл춴78֮ࡣ
ǻ춴
ڶ͵۹һ壬ܶûôĻ춴˵λʥߣλʥ߶۲
ҪĲ
ǣʵ
һʥǿЩ˭Ҵ⣿
ǣֻļߡ
躹ޣݱܷâȷľبؾûеͼ꣬жλã޷ģͨѶѰΪѡ
ԣҲܷ㡣
ǬI¡ˮϴַվ¶£һƬŨֹڣIɢ뵰Ϣڡ
һûʲôܡ
I¸һ类עʲô类ù⣬ַԲں
һıжֵǮ
εջѾ㹻
Iܴ뵰Ϣֻڰֵ±ڸԿһ֮رɣĿԺǿѰȻҵõǡˮϾܷḻ
㱻ֻ֣ҪϢ֮ض༸ֲ֮·޺֮ǡӵ뵰ڣѱҵ
Ϊݱ֮أ޿ޡɨڶܽڶ˺δǧ֮һڶ׳ܣ°빦
ˡַͷ
˶⣬漴Ծ£ĵֵԼʮټԲҲ˴ˣԵʯС͵ͨѶ
ݣ
ַԾ뵰Ҳδ̫ϸĿ죬Ҫ类ˡȽһĨûԴֱַȡһ±֮ء
߳
֮ûɽʯЧʼߡ
ַ˸ۣڴѡ˸λҲڵĽ֮ϸֲˣַ忪ļС
ַ彥Ӵ󿪿ڡ
ԼൽIַ巽ֿͣһԼ׵жѨΪϢ֮ء
δͣ£ΪԷһԻҪ㹦
ַԭ·أԹ·νߣԼȻֶΪ
̶죬ַѨԹɡ
˿˿Ƶ뵰͸϶ͨʹƬԹѨ
ʮ꣬ˡַͷ

ˮϣӽ԰
˴񣬼֮ǰõЩͨ춴ʱװݣˮϣջࡣ
˵بؾɱ¾ϵ
ʶĲпᡣ
ǻӣû㹻ʵҲֻ⣬һ
ǿ
ʮ꣬׷ǵĻᣡ
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̸Ц£صǿ̿͵ԣӲ䡣ܱٱΪ̫ӣԷӹӹµµ֮
ͬԼĽ
ַ߳࣬һĥ£ʹӳɳ죬϶ǿ춴˵¾㱸ֻǷ硣

һߣӣŨŨ
ǵõնսʱ˵Ļ󡪡սһܱ͵۹˿֤
Ը¼ַ塣
̹ǿϢ
䣡
ӣ۾¶һ˿΢⣬֪Ϊʲô뵽ַ壬ѾûеյĲ䣬֮ԼҲࡣ
Уһ
òᡭʱƬϼԼһæҡͷܣһܣ
ֻΪҵĶѣȹңĬŻĸо
ţ϶ǡ
ǿһ
վбӹâһʱָ侲ޥģ̳֮ľһ
ʮҪıǿ

һ򣬶ƽ
ʨλʥüϴһʥߣĴѰַ䣬һδεĿռ˲ƣÿһͨס
ַ˾ͻȻʧƵģôҲҲ
˼£һ
üϲȻŭйɱ˲ϵߣʼٸ̩ɽǱĹѪͷù͸
Сӣ϶ˣü֮ɫŤ
һʥΨΨŵŵ˵ŭüϡ
˺ж㲻˵б±ڶ򡭡
ȻҪ֮أ
üҧгݣŭߣɶ˷ôʱ䡣԰գĿعһ̩ɽĶʱһһֱͷ
ǻȥüϴĸ֣ɫࡣ



1355 ָʮ
I¡
аعַȣǺɫ״絯ɰıʱ͵ĳŴ絯ɽ壬һ˻ҧ
ϵǿ춴
ǴӶ衴ãַΨһϵǿ춴
Ϳһ塣
ȷʵ
ַջء
öıսӦֻ࣬Լ޷ǿ춴ȫսһɶӲ
Ҫӻ춴ȻҪȳΪڶַ֪
Ļ춴Ҫʩչ
ս͌ħ֮­ħ֮­ԼܷӵǿһЩϾħԴ֮ѾսԲĺԶ
ǿ춴ܾչ൱¡
猻ħ֮­һֻСţʹַʵԽһΣֱӻλʥߣɼһ㡣
򡭡ַꡣ
ܽȴеңԶ
ħ֮ؼǿϣͨأñԴĳϣٱԴ֮֮ǰǡ
Դǽ磬£
ĿǰԼԴǽԲĺԶ
ԴΪһͻؽٱԴ֮һַκһҪǷǳѵġ
һصıԴΪֻҪԲ̫ƾʱȥȥ
أС
û㹻ıԴϣûжԣ޷ԴΪµġһŬģһҪ㹻츳
رԴΪԴǽΪ1000ࡣ
ؼ±ԴΪԴǽΪ33333򡣡
ַ
ϣֻҪܽرԴΪѪֱӾ̤ڶ
̸ס
һսǿ춴ظħ֮­ĸ裬ʱҸ޷ħ֮ء
ÿһΣôˡ
ַ֮ǰʹˮϡ
һ˵ļǿԴǽ磬ǽĿ걾ԴΪأٽԴ֮ء
Ǳ׼
رԴΪȷÿһֻ1000࣬ܲסడǽľˮ֮ÿԴֱ֮ԴΪ
ȫ3ࡣ
һرԴΪ㹻ˡ
ʦõҲΪһλλԴף²ϡ
ΪЩܿкŬﵽġ
Ҫʱ䡣
Чѣʮַֹа⣺Һܿ콫ᴳڶ൱Σա
ۺһá
ֳ50%ꡣ
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Ȼս½һ룬ַȻλʥߣѾ㹻Ͼʵڵڶ򣬷ʥкۣ½һͲ½ʵ𲢲
Ҫλʥ׷ɱ·
·бҪġ
ôַ漴ĵԭϣ츳֮ﵽļҪ꣬
ʮ꣬ʮ꣬ضͻơ
ϣ츳֮굽ļܸͬ൱
ҪرԴΪ򵥵Ķࡣ

ʮʱ䣬˵ָһ˲
Iϣַ岢ǵһģһӰƮӰڰеˮϣַ岻ЦЦϽĺ硣
Ҳˮ΢΢Щ죬ָܿ
оַϢƺһ㡣
ʵˮϣӦַͬǣʮټϽ㣬ֹǳףϸ̲һɱԵ֮ǰûеġ
ϲϽǿ춴ʵַ΢Ц
ˮףĽҵ󡣡
Ӧ̩ܺɽ˰ɡַ
΢΢һ£ˮϵ˵ͷࡣ
ˮϱλʥʵǿ춴ӳʵλʥ
˼䣬ܿ졪
ӰԾ
ַˮ޲һ
Ʈݵӣһ˫续鶯ĺ꣬ƴСƣޱȣϱɢŰ׹⣬ͲؼʮǰȻͬ
ѪͻˣӳˮϾϲ
¶һĨЦݣͷỮһȦɢ֮ԴԪоһʮ
һһ˿˿Ƴ֣ߣӳۼһ˫Ƴַ壬¶һĨǳǳЦݡ
ʱͺһչ·㣬ǿɰ
ȦߣԴ֮˼µأַҲǱһȻʮܻдȵĽû뵽
㾪ˣ



1356 ȫ
һַ巽֪ʲô
Ѫܱ䣬Ǳڷѿͳɫ֮ǽ׵£ȦԴ֮ͻƣＫޡ
ŵƣǣһȫ
Ϲ֮ǿ춴⽣ϸȦ֮Ľףͬһǿ춴
ʵȫ
һԾӳˮϣʵλʥߣֻ˵ǡ
λʥߡ
ַΪеģǶѣʵԽǿԽãοʵ֮⣬ʵҲ֮С
츳Ǳߣͻ¡
بؾһѵ֮ء
ǽڶսӦҲǲ˰ɡַ΢΢һЦʮǰبؾʱҵʵ˾޴ɱ䡣
ˮϵͷڵڶԾģλλʥ߾Ӷ࣬ʵλʥߡ
ַš
λʥߣսʥ
Ͻ֮ǰϵ򣬾ʥʵǿߵĵ̡
֪ʮͻơַҲڴ
еѡŬŬ֬ǡ
򲻲еġˮϿڵԶͷˡ֮䣬ֳһӰһһ㵡
ַǰġڼˡ˺ðΡ
װߴ弡ȫɫս͸žɫ󣬸һԺƵĴط
ַֹ壬ˮҲס
˭
ʶôڼȥ֣¶Ӣӣоһţסڼסɣ
ˮ¶֮ɫ춴ڼף
Ϊӵʦˮ֪ο͵۹춴ҲϡһֱУֻǿϣѷܡ
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ɳе飬˹â
ǳҲ͵͵˵һӺٺЦ׳˵ֱ̧𣬡Ҫ
˸к⽣⡣
ҍڼ׵˵䣬ɫ£ɽ֮ʯ㣬Ķһ
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ַӣһʱЩ«ʲôҩսļңַ循ͬʱס
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ַ忴
ֱһʯɽŭ˷ڵĹ˿ϵĺڼײֹǿ壬ȫ֣һ˿Ҳ
ĹһЧûС
һʯסзˡ
κֱȣ۵͸κ죬ѣдģһֱֶû
ڼףʼ磺û취˭Ҵ򲻹㡣
ʵϵĻõҲΡ
ǿķֵֹ򹥻ȫȥַ̾һһֱûѿɼ춴ǿ
ǿλʥս
ٿȻЦ
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û뵽춴ڼ׵ӳˡ
ҵķܸṩ
չ١
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Ķܺáˮӣ
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ַˮϵ˼
ڼףһ
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ϵ
ֿܵ100%ڶ˺𻵵ķÿʥʥǿ׷ġκһʥߣֻҪύڼףܴڶ档
δҪʱҪÍڼסַɫ㡣
ˮҲЩģһĻ춴ʥǿ߻ûȤϵڼס
ÿһʥǿ߷
סӵͷǲѣʱ̣ʹá
ֵñˡ
ƲƲ죬ε
֡ӣῪһ˿
һֱġ
㣡ӿЦãʱһƬЦ֮ʹůࡣ
˽̸һ漴뿪I£ǰڶ
ʱ
ڵһ͵ڶı߾һֳ
ɶ񣬵ȥˣҵô׵һۼ׵ĿӣʱɫżǴȡ
λʥߡ



1357 ޵
ַˣԼȶ·ǰڶ
ḻĶӳˮڣַԲҪģһ·ΪȫȻʮǰڵһֳһ󶯾ѵ
ڵһϵУַѽڶ
ڵڶʥǣٻעһĶ
ΨһҪĵģǽʨ̵ǿߡӳˮ϶ֻҪһʱ乥ǣǧ򲻿ʴ֮ġ
˵ͷ
ԵʴȣǶԼ̡
һ¶٣ʨ̵ǿ֪ͨλʥߣ鷳ʹˡ
ϵλʥô죿ʵ
ˮ΢΢˸Ŀ漴ϣַ壬ʵǿıַ塭ˮȫ͸֪ʵΡ
һǺͶλʥߣսƳһַ壬˶٣λʥߣҵ֮Ҳһս
ˮͷ
֪ʵԵ׼ȷ
࣬ֵǸҡӺٺһЦһâƾǿ춴ɳĮޡƣҵčڼףȫֺܽס
Ȼһ㲻֡ЦŲһ䡣
ҲһЦ
ȷӵܲ¶Ͳ¶ڼһ¶ʮ춴˿䶯
˵Ŀ⣬ȫַϡ
£Ψһû̬ľַ壬ʮǰܻܶһˣľַ壬ʵɲ⡣ʮǰѾλʥߣʮأ
˺ڴ
¶һ˿ƴս⡣
û⣬ôַ΢΢һЦȴȻ
ӳˮԥ£漴ͷǺãôʱڵڶλʥߺٻ
λʥߣսʥڵ
بؾԽﱦԽ࣬Խѣ

棬Ҳ
ƵҲҲ
ҲûС
һϢǺۼ׵ĿɫԽԽѿƣͳһʥߡ
87λΨλʥ߷ɵΡ
ǽڰʥħĳм߻һ·ǿߡ
ĶӵĿ죡ƺ޵ϵۼ׶ڲ¶ӴһѪۣٲȻµ˿ڡ
ҪôƵ
ϻŭ¶
ɡ˵һ򣬺ҡʥһԶڶҪټһƬѰңֱǴ롣
ҲҲҪң
ųǿҹ֮ǸǹҫòڵڶһͷޣΪץʮ߸ʥߣŽشܹһ񣡡
ο˿Ԫ⣬йٷԪ飡
ôˣ
ϵѪ۸Ť
Ϊץͷޣ˲ˣڶĿʮϡУʵ˵εĻԲܷŹ
ǣƵ

ˡˮϿڡ
šַӦ
֮漴ռ΢΢𵴣λʥ˲뿪δκε⡣ͬ͵۹ٻɱ
بؾɱ¾ߴ۹չܣɱ¾ǧ
ǵ۹ڲǧٿףô۹
ǺѰʲôַָо
ˮᶯû´ôʥߣа˳ɿѲޡ
ޣ
ַ˫Ŀһ
ˮ֮ǰبؾеԺڶɿռ֮ģƿؿռռ䷨ʮǿ
ÿһͷޣڶдռɵġռ֮ġΪԪ顣
Ԫ飬λʥ߼ʥǿ׷ļ±
Ԫ飬ܸռ䷨λ򣬷ϲ㡣һԽԽϡУԽǿ
ңԿռ䷨λλλ
ÿͷ޶еĿԪ⣬Ԫ顪Ԫ顣ˮϿڡ
ǿ꣬кܶʥߡ
λʥߣλʥ߻λʥߣ붼һԴ򣬻ñԴ֮ϣ֮ƻ񡣡
ҪγɷԪ飬Ҫܳʱ
ַ˵ͷ
ˮϽһԿ˽ɸһȡ
˿Ԫ飬˷Ԫôʵ
˵أˮϲÿɷһ㫡
ӺǼ١
ΣøԶÿһͷ롭λʥߵʵ
ңϡ
ݸ
λʥߣڵӦˡ



1358 ֪
ӵһ뵽ڶ򣬶ַ˶Իжξġ
Ͼ޷ʥһĿռ˲ơ
һ·ƽ˾δϴģ˺籩ؾ̮ҲδײϽʨ̵ǿߣ۹ǿߣһû
һÿһ۹иԽĵص㣬ײϡˮϵӵڶʼĳЩؾײϡ
ڵΪСײ
һ۹ǿ߼ִɱ¾ͷڵڶ͵Щɱ¾۹ǿߣȡ
ԣڶ󣬳˽ʨ֮⣬۹ǿߣҲҪСġ
ڽڶǰӳˮһζ
ַ˵ͷ
һ͵ڶΣնȣһΣеǿߣʵ࣬بؾڵڶ
ʥߵɱ¾
쵽ˡĿ¶ڴ֮ɫٿһ̾ϧһ㣬;Ҳûײǿޡ
뿴ʲôӣ
ֹӣҲ¶֮ɫ
ⲻһ㣬Ӧýáˮϰһӣ޵ɱԺǿΪ۸ֹ׷
ҪֶԸܵˡ
ȥԪ飬ԪˣЩֽ׶ܻȡģʵʵһһߡ
ڶδ̽ؾǡ
ˮϵĻʹӺ˫۾
ؾ
ʢֱ֮
ַ΢΢һЦҲЩ棬ڶͼԴ¸ྫϡ
ܿ죬쐻޾ͽϡַ尵
֪Ѿʮꡣ
ͻˡ

Iϡ
˼ĵ򣬺ֵ̽ľ޴ɽ£ǵ뵰֮䣬ȴǳһͷ͸ɫͷԵġ
Ӱ֣Щʲô൱㣬ֻһҡ
ٿأ·Ӧˣͷ͸ʱ¶ȥû֮䡣
ֻﲻ£һͷýԱѰʲôǼⲻʱţʱ˲ƣȴֲʱһ⣬Ծ˺ĿĹн
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λʥߣ
һͷޡ
һͷӵйٷԪĿޣԭеĿռʩչٷʵǿĿ£
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޵壬ɾɵģĴͻֻҪгǾǲ֮
ˡ
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ȵ򣬵ڶ򣬵һĿռ൱ϡ

ʱַڽ̡
Ƭʮ֮أʮʱ䲻ַǽĵ£֮ԪΪԴϵɢɢ
쐻޵Ǵ
ҡεĵǣ
ˡַһĵһε纣츳֮ھ𵴣Ґ޿ϡ
ûκεľϣֻв
Ȼ㹻ȥͻ쐻ޣµĲΡ
Ŵ纣ڱ仯޾£ɱ䣬쐻޵ϵĿڶĴǴ򿪡
~~
ʶޱ˷ܸӦ
Ґ޿ϣַ·Ϊǿˣʶ״̬¡쐻޲ͬҐޱǿǡ֪
˵ː޵ص㣬࣬ӵǿĸ֪
֪֪磬֪һдڻǲڵġ
ϣ쐻޵һҪ׶Ρ
ϣ쐻޽Ҫ쐻ޱǿȣ޵ġ⡯ħ޵ġː޵ġ־
ˣĵƿߡ
ޣˣː޴־Ґ޵ĸ֪츳һַϾɡ
ϣַͨڶĵ·ȫƽ̹
ʣµֻĻۣ纣γɱɽ󣬽֮衣˵ЩѶȣַȴӵм޾澧
һʲô
ţַ循
ʶۣԴǽ綼һΣǾϲ֮УҐ绨꿪I·綼һͼһš
˵ĸ֪
ѾǸӦϵҐǿľˡ
־ַѾ⣬ȴû뵽ҐǿģǾ˵ġ֪ǬIϵÿһ֪һ
̫˰ɣַ循̾ѡ
ǳǿ֪֮Уٿظ֪ΧڳصĴڣַʱһ
ǣ



1359 һ
һ͸Ĺ
һַ̣巢Լġһĸ߶ȣͣڿռ˲ƵͬʱٵĳУѰʲô
ռ
ǿޣ
ַ循ͬʱš
û뵽ײϿޣǵһڶٵĿޣôܵһ
Ҫռģֻڿռĵط
򣬵򣬲ǿ޵ļҡ
һ
άϵĿռģ
ˡַѸ֪Ϊɫϵޱϡ٣쐻޵ǿߡ
ܿ쐻޵ϵ޼Ґ޵ĸ֮١
ӵʥ֮Ԫģַֻһˡ
ǿʵ½ַ˲վйâ
Ŀλʥʵȴһ
ǿ߲ͬһλʥصˣȻ壬ʵ
ƹأսλʥߣλʥߡ
Ѱʲô
ѵI»вΪ֪ܣ
ַ֮һ
˵Iѱ֪̽һ࣬޲ˡ
˭ܱ˸˽Լļң
ȥո˵ַ漴뿪Ѩ

⣡ַ𾪲ѡ
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ˣ
뵰Դ֮ءַܿף֮ǰЩ̲İӺζϽ˵ȻڵģǿҲ̽ѰԴһ
ǲ֪Ƭ޷̽Ѱİ֮Уһ֮صĴڡ
ǿռ󷨡ַ尵
ϵߵĿռ裬޷ƽ⣬ԼҲУܽ봿ıܣԿռ֪ıܡ
ɫĿռ󷨣ʱ޿̲š
بؾеһУӳڶɵģãã棬޾档Ƭصһ֮أַ֮
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ŨַȻ
Զһ򱶲ֹ޷ᲢۡӳڶĵֻҲһɡ
Ĵַ˲Ϣס
һܿռ󷨵ӰȫգĴδʧܷƿ֮С
ѹֿ޻
ַ֪ܿƬһ֮أֻеʮ֮һС˵㡣
֪Ҳû̫ıϢʲô㹻
Ѿı
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Ҫ֪بؾǿȣѾʮϰٱ硣
뽫ͷ޻ɱַоһսԣһɽݶɱԼضᶯ֡
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ҲˣʱϵԽʵָԽ࣬ӮԽ١ΨһĵǣԿ޵ĸӦڽӽǰضᱻ֡
һʩչռ˲ƣҪ׷ѡ
ǰߣ
ַҵޣӦͬʱȡָĿҲǸӦΣգһ͵ת͸ͫ⡣

һΣδܡ
޲֮ǰһʥ׷϶ӰʵأӲƴ·һڡȴֻһ֡
ĸӦܣַֻһˣغһɱַ塣
ַʵȽףѷʥһȡ
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һΣȴ
ַ壬ȫǸࡣ
Ȼֻϵʵַսλʥߣսӳʮһصĵľ縨һ˿֮ȫǺڶĹ
׵֮𣬰ַսӳַսȻ
Ӳ֮£δռñˣʱɫ䣬ҪܣϾȽٷٶȲν졣

~~
һ̫ͼ£תӲ֮ڡһ̫ͼϣַӵսɱ
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ܿ죬شĿ޺ɱ



1360 ٷԪ
ʣŭ
͵ʴףΪַ۸뵽ַʵֲ˹ҪܣַȻסϧ̫š
Сˣܱ޿ɺǡ
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λʥ߼ʥǿ߶ıֵĹ֮Ԫֵ䲻Ԫ飬Ҳ൱ƣƷǿ춴ֻƷ춴
ڿԪ飬һ㶥Ʒ춴
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ǿ춴Ƕ춴¶ȱ
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Ź֮ԪӦǹٷԪ顣ַܿӦ֮ѵıǹٱԴΪȹ֮֮սϸǿ
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ΪҵԴǽܵˡ
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İħ֮Ǽأ33333࣬ǼϹ֮ʹ66666࣬أΪǷ֮򣬾ʹﵽ7ࡣ
ޣͻļӵе࣬Լտ쐻޵ϡ
9࣬ӽԴǽ缫ޣ
ַûаԥֱӱԭȶʳٷԪ飬ŨĴǣٶȱ
ɲǼ䣬ַȫ״̬

һߣַѽӽڶ
ǵͼϱʶġȫ·ߡϳɵĶ͵۹ǿߣȫ·߹Ȼڶ
ʮȥ֮ǰƺɢ
һ·̸ЦӳˮҲ¶Цݡ
ܿ죬Ǿͽڶ
~~
ʱַ壬ǰַĸأӿ͸˵ƺ仯ࡣ
ʲô
˼⣬ϾЩӴҶһжġ
ַ壬û쳣
ϣźܶܡӵĺ棬ʵȻ͸ַ壬ĺڶһ㣬Ī⡣
ٿء
ַͣ΢΢һ㵡
ôˣ֣ͣʵ
ǰнʨ̵ˡַƽȴʹһһˮϵô֪
ġַ
쐻޵ϵĿĸ֪൱֮ǿܸ֪Χռ䣬ܡռڵһУǰȷʵʨ̵ţڵȴʲô
㿪ЦɣôԶܿĴʲôҲ
ʨߣλʥߣһλʥߡַ岻ֹǵʵ䣬һֱȻ
ôģ
棿ӳˮһȷϣַԥĿ϶ͷˮϲ촽˼
ãˮϵ·Ҫٶ໨ʱ䣬ȥһڡ
ʱ˷̫ࡣüͷ΢š

Ŀɨˣַ漴ʨʥߣڵǣԼȶ·߽룬϶ᱻǷ֣ǡ
ַһ١
Ŀʱ
ΪǿκδѶϢʱ䣡ַɱ飺ԸǸλʥߣҺϽһ˶Ըһλʥߡ
ٶȽǡ
û⡣ס
ôˮҲ˷ʱڸ·ϡ
Ͼبؾʱޡ
һΪңڡѾȥʮꡣ

аͨڶ˺ƽȣҲûκβɿءӵһ򵽵ڶвȻռ˲ƽȥ
ʥߣҲôͨн룬ΣնС
̩ɽģⶼѾʮˣһʥ
ǣ˶ڵڶɱãҲаһλʥ߱Թҿһڵڶˣǻɵɵ
ˣ˵һ䡣ͷλʥ߳ü
ϵҪȻΥ̹棬Ҫܴٵȼû֣Ǿͻȥø
󺺵ͷõģϴ󡣡
ϴһλʥƨ
ͷλʥߵͷ
Ҳ£û취üҲǵʵüһֻ־ǣ
䣬ٿء
ԶռӰаͨһ˴ʨδӦʱ㱻һϢӰЮ˲Ϣɱ
·һѾ֪ǵĴƵġ
ৣৣৣ
ʥɫ䣬Ӧ
ˣͷλʥŭȴΪʱǵʵȷ̩ɽʱǿڵַˡ
ʮǰȻͬ
䣡



1361 ַȥ͸ȥ
ַ壬ˮϣһ˶һ
ɹͨļǿߣƿռ˲Ƶֱַ˵̫ʩչֱӽս
һ
ַʵͷǸλʥ߶ܻɱ˵һλʥߡսʵַܿɱ֣˳ȡһͨ춴
ڶսˮͬѪеĽ֡
Уʼ磬һϷı顣
ûǻɣˮʵ
ַ˵ͷ
̶ʱ䣬ʨ˸ͨѱɱ
ģǵùȻЦ
ζַ塣ˮһ˫һ˿棬ͻȻֻܽɱҲȻᱩ¶
ֹӣ㵽ô֪ģ̲סʵ
Ӧġַ岢
һ㵣ӣֹ
ش˵ûش𣬵ַѾ˵ǻôʣ
ַ塭ȷʵǸӦġ
ˣ߰ɣﶺ̫áˮ漴˵ţܿ㴩аͨڶ
~~
ĺڶ˺ַжΪ֮һ衣
һ͵ڶ򣬽޹󣬺ڶ˺ǿ࣬ʥ߶ѹ˵ǡ
ҸطȻӦڶ˺ȡˮϵ
Ӧʡ
Ӧĺڶ˺ǱսܳԿ
ڶȻãã޼ʣҪһ֮Ҳ̫ѣʮСʱַҵһŹͺͺ򣬰

ʱһIڣһصַ壬״ֱ̬ٷԪ飬һϢ紫аԺ
ַ
ٷԪ飬̲ֱӵķأʳֻҪʲǲĿʣµֻ⡣
Ƭӯĵط°빦

Ƿ򣬶ս΢ΪҪ⡢ȵȸַ˵֮Ҫ
Դǽ࣬ڣ
ڶֻʣһ֮ң
ʱޣڶıݣȻ󡪡
ͻ
ַ嶷־
սѾλʥߣһͻơ
ʵԹ⣡

תۣʮǹȥ
ڶУַδ̽ѰµأIַ֮˳ͻƵޣΪ
̫죡
ַԼΪ֮𾪡
ѹϽ˵ˣԪֵƣλԪ飬ǿ󡣡ַһһԪ䲻һʥߣҲ˶١
ԴΪصһ
صٱԴ֮÷һڡ
һŷԪ飬ֱӿ
Чίʵˡ
ַ岢δͣ£оԴǽɱԺйٷԪȻӳԺ
ȷԴǽδＫ£Դ֮޷٣
޷
ʮ
ڶַˣ׼
һʱӦڵڶǧ֮һĺڶ˺˻ȫӦǵսλʥߣӦû⡣
ʵϵӦٶȸ졣
ʦȥģʵ
Ǿأˮַˡ
ַЦЦҶԣڶûеͼʲôҪԼͿΣҸС

ˮɫ΢΢һ䡣
ǵ򣬺ڶ˺ԽԽΣոǼӾ硣
ֻո˵󡣡Ц
ַ˵뻢ѨɵûӣǴвΪĥûԵôڣԵսޡ
ţڶκһĺڶ˺Ƕֵܵ
ˣΪβ뵽ﾺ٣δ̽ؾҲ٣֮ǻ󡣡
ܽ뵽ڶ򣬲ܽ뵽
ǧ֮һڶ˺ǧ֮ǧ֮ǧ֮塣
࣬Աġ
˳
ַ飬ðա
ͬ⡣һ̬һ־ǿʵû⣬ַ塣
ַȥ͸ȥ
ȥĶһҲǱ̬
ӵж춴ڼףҲܰȻĵֵ˺ߣڵڶ϶֣ǿ˵ûʲôͬ
ˮ̾
ԸȽϵϲѭ򽥽˶ͬӳҲΨͬһ˫ɨַˣˮЩο͸̾
̫ء
Щֹǰԭ
ͰַǳˮǺһַһЦ漴ǰبؾ



1362 ǻô
ڶ򣬲ֹڶ˺ǿҲкܴ
ַгУǲʱһЩǾ޴ʯһǳƬһȵȡ
ȵһܶࡣ
֪ܲײʲôץסһֶ˳ȥ
ˡ΢չҪڵһʱ룬ܻЩϣڣõĶùˡ
ˮ׵ʥܿռ˲ƣѰЧʳǰٱڿռвģûֵġ
˵䡪
~~
ַٿر򣬳ҲʮȷˮЩȻǸȥֻԶһƯĺɫʯϷӡһ֪Щ
ĺɫʯֻдŲһﳤبؾкۡ
Ҫǣɫʯûа

ţˮȻַ壬ַֻŻٶȣƺղŵıΪɫʯ
ⶫô
̣̣
ַе֮Ԫػɫʯ飬ķѣһѷѿһ»ƬʱһĨɫâ
~
ˮĿһȻ졣
Ԫ裿ӳˮϵһ촽
ӲǴ˵Уǰڿеعʵ
ˮϵͷһԪ裬൱1.5Ʒ춴
˸˸
һǶǰɫʯ⣬ɢɢʮ֮ࡣ
һԪ裬൱1.5Ʒ춴
ʮأ
ֻõԸ
ַһɫʯ⣬ûԪ裬һϣȴǰ׷һ
߰ɣûˡַһЦ
ҲûֹӣڣҲţЩʯҲĲʲô
ôֵģʳˮϵ
Ӧİַش
ӿЦ
ġַĿɨˣЦЦңҵ쐻ѿϣҐӵеǸ֪
һ
ַĽߣҲļˣˮϲŵ
ַţ֮ǰܸӦʨ̵ߣҲһ
ӣ
ԭΪѾ׷ַ壬ȴȻַ֣廹Զַ߶ļǿǽߣ
ϵ߱ٵĶࡣ
ߵȼĽ߸Ǻ
һ쐻򣬶߶Ա߱Ҫߺܶ࣬Ҫʱ䴸޿һ͡
ÿһߵȼĽߣǸĶ
ǱޱȾ޴
ϣȷῪһ츳֮ˮ޺ħޣːҪһ㡣
ǧΪː޻ǲġַ
ĵġ⡯ħĵġէȷʵĵġ־Ҫǿַ쐻ضص㣬־ñ
࣬ħ壬ǿߣչͬ
ǣֵĸ֪ͦõôõšӵ
Ͻ˼ǣֹ쐻޵޺ħޣʵޡ
ַһЦ
̫ں츳ⶫע֪ͫҲ֪ȣܡüҿĺ
˵õš

ַ峬ǿĸ֪ףȫܶࡣ
һ·ܿʨǿߣżмֵıûеһμ񵽵ԪôмֵҲջ
гʮַն˴ԼƷͨ춴ļֵ
ˮ˸ַȵնһ춴ֵ
ͣһ£
ַٿغˮһ
һζַиӦַ֡ɫ΢΢һɨˣڵǰһ򡣡
بؾܶࡣ
ϵڶʲôɣڰ棬緱ǡ
һȥĻǣ̲Ųٻ֮澧ַʱˮ˴ϲڵһļϣ类˽ȵǡ
ڶ򣬼Զ
֮澧
Ȼֵߣ࣡
һźռ١
ʲôôˮϿַ廰˼
ַͷ߸ڿɡ
ʵôˮʵ
λʥߣλʥߡַ˶٣˵ʵߵģλʥߡַĸ֪ж϶Էʵ
ǾͲˡЦ
ӦبؾıԵ߾֮֮֡
ˮϵǺ޹ϸ𣬶Էûе⣬͸ȡġ
ǶԷеأʵ
ַЦЦ
ǻôַ˵ЦӰ漴ʧ



1363 ھ
بؾײǺ¡
ϾҾô󣬴һѷǵڶ͵Ϊԡһͬ۹ٻɱΪҶйʶǾҪһ¶⡣
ڵڶѾ۹ǿߡ
ৣৣৣ߸ʥĿЩ죬Ҳˬ漴ԹԵھ򣬲ַˡ
Ԥ֮С
ķ飬ʼھɡˮϵ
Ӧʡ
ַһ飬ˮϺһ飬˴Ĭ֮飬ΪΣܹһ˱ϾЩΣա
ȥıߣַ塣
ַ
漴˳Ÿ֪ȥ
Ż൱޴󣬲ʱлȻȥЩĻȼաǵľϣ£γɻ֮澧
һǶǾӶ࣬Ҳ١
Ҳ档
ַԲںЩ΢Ӭ澧ǣȼ˶飬ԵԶΪȡַܿһӿݵĻ֮ء
ھɣɻַ塣
ԡַͷڵĲ
۾˸
ַĸ֪˽ܶࡣ
ַһЦЩһǶǵ澧ٶҲûֵҪھŻмֵġǻ֮澧
ǻ֮澧̲ס
Сַͷࡣ
澧κ
һǡͨǺǼʹõġ
ǡǡǣϵΡ
ǡǡǣӦڶ
澧мֵߵģǵ澧ԵԴ澧ַӵеһ֣תΪκ
иԪ澧֮澧澧֮澧ȵȡ
ϾλԪأ֮澧ֵʹۿۡ
ͬ澧λԪ澧Դ澧ֵǧ

һࡣ
߸ʥߣǸʩ澧ǵʵ׻ȥźǣ澧ҲһȥϾ澧ܴ
ھ澧һ衪
Ӧھ
ô򵥣˵澧΢žӽʱиӦġ
ϴĸϵߣôһʥߵ
٣˵Ӳϵûʲôͷ˼Ҹҽڶӣ֪Ǻ߿ɽλ
ûܲ¾ͱ¡
ʥ߳Ϊϴģһᣬݸߵӣһ˫ͫӥգλʥߡ𯼫ùǣԼԼġ
ǣϴ󡣡

䣡䣡䣡
ַھٶȼ죬߿ӦַͬȫܿüĿص£ǻ֮澧λġ
һվæҲǣæҲǣСЩ΢졣
ַĺһſŻ֮澧ѣȥ澧˷ѣʵЧʾˣΪЩ澧澧ַ˵ûֵ
Զ߿ӹʥߣͣ漴Цȥ
ڹƬھ򣿡λʥߡءһ漴ЦѣλʥҲЦϡ
类ˣϴо顣
ǣϵϵĿǳھ澧ķҲ
ʲô취ڹĵطھ򣬻ЩջҪȥµ澧źôΪҵõ
˵㿴ھķȫ澧ˡ
Ͼǳѧߣǰ澧̫ˡ
λʥߡ𯼫׵ˣǣӿٶȣ
ǣϴ󣡡

ЩʥٿȻ֪˿̱ǳЦַ壬ջˡһͰ𡯡
һƬǻ֮澧
OO@@ɢڵصףӣ¶֮ɫ
澧ھҲʶûַھģ֪֮أ৵±ҵ
Ȼ䣬ٿظоһĿ·
ʲôգڡַ忴ЩȵЦ
ޣáСһ죬
һڣһա
ֹٶҲӿһ㡣
ʵϣַԼһȫϾǶѣԹȴЩôá
ַ˵ûֵġĪ澧
ǻ֮澧ֵǻ֮澧İٷ֮һ磬˵Դ澧ȡʤ࣬ԹƣҲٿ顣
Ǳߣһξ澧ھСͮͮģ˷ܡ
÷ʲôֻһſ澧ôǰֻһձԡ
ü򵥡ӣ
ⲻ֪ԶӺˮ۵ĵҵطһ澧δճɡ



1364 ڵǻ֮澧
1000š
2000š
3000ţ
ֻоڴǻ֮澧ԽԽ࣬һɫ澧ֱջӽ5000ʱŽ
Ȼڼ
10000ţ20000š
ֱ30000ʱַͣ
ûˡַ
ţ˴30000šǱĿ
30000ǻ֮澧൱300ǻ֮澧ͨƷ춴ַЦЦܱûǿ
һ㵡
̶ʱ䣬׬ͨƷ춴
Բַ֪Դ澧Ŀǳ֮࣬ͬ澧һԴ澧ֵ൱1000ͬǼ֮澧
ʣһЩǻ֮澧ɢģûҪ˷ʱھˡַ
ǡǻطˣʵ
ַҡҡͷ
ã棬Ƶǻ֮澧ַŻǣеǻ֮澧档
⣬ЦǼʥ߼ǿ
ھġ
뵽ڸ˴ǻ֮澧⣬ǻ֮澧
Ҳû취ַЦ˭۹ⲻáʥھ澧ҪжϺ
ǣûַôǿĸ֪

һࡣ
ϴ󣡡һλʥ߼۶ɫЩѿ
ʥ߷ֹȷλʥ߸ھλʥ߸Ѱλʥߵĵλʥ̧߲ͷ
ϴĸڵǻ֮澧ˣλʥߡ㡯
ʲô
ʥɫһࡣ
˼ʮ죬ҵһǻ֮澧ǰʮ켸һĸŸսȻҵǻ֮澧
ģʺˣ
⼸Ҳ̫ˣ
λʥߡ𯼫üͷšȵһǻ֮澧ʲôֻмʮţٿҲ˵һ
ʥߵͷ𯼫λʥ㣺ڵģ
⡭λʥֹ
˵𯼫ͷ
λʥ˿ĭСĵϱߣ˺üǴӼڵģ˵Ӧ˼ǧš
ৣ
ɫʱļΪѿ
ǧţ
˶
ɶ˵˼ȥ϶УǶţ
Ǳ߷ڣ˵طҲ㣬֪滹а
˵طİϴ˵ģ
ϴ󣡣
𯼫ɫ࣬ҧȵˣǻ֮澧ʲôö۹Զ㣡Ҹҿ϶ڵ棬ǻ֮澧
ৣ
ʥʱ
ϴ˵ûЩֻ߽ݾƨ
ǣǿʣµģҪԼڵǻ֮澧޳ܡ
Ƕ󣬲Ǽƽϣϴģȥڵǻ֮澧ǲŽб£


ʥ߷߷߲ƽܻͬ
ַߣһƬϲá
ģǻ֮澧ŵľС죬Ӿϲɫö࣬ٶţ
һٿǻ֮澧൱10000ǻ֮澧൱һƷͨ춴
հɡַͷҲ̧ھţ滹иࡣ
࣡
¶Цݡ
˵һ׬Щ춴ôھǼڵڶ򣬵Ǳֻûбȥá
ֻǸտʼѾա
500š
800š
1200š

յ1000ǻ֮澧൱һƷǿ춴֮ǰڵһҪðΣսֻճɾͺá
̫ɡ
Ҳʣַڣա
2000ţ3000šԽԽǻ֮澧ճɣ¶ȣַ˵ûǻ֮澧㲻ʲô
ǻ֮澧ջ
۸񣬲̫ࡣ
5000ţӣˮ˫¶ϲɫ
൱Ʒǿ춴ֻһƷǿ춴֣Ͻ˵൱ڡ5Ԫ顯ڴ
ңַ廹ûֹͣ

ˣϴ󣡡
ʧĺ֮ǰǸλʥŸպûãһλʥ¶֮ɫֱøȽ־ǿ֮һͣ¶ŭɫ
ôˣ𯼫ƢٺãҲ̲ס
λʥһϴǼǿڹǱߣڵ澧ˣöö澧
Ѿ֪𯼫ҧŭĲҪظͬһ£
λʥһҸղžѾˣüǧǻ֮澧
ǻ֮澧
λʥһ粦˹İҡͷǰϴڵǻ֮澧
㼸ǧǻ֮澧

ǿ˲±ơ


1365 ҵ۲ʶ̩ɽ
6000ţ7000ţ8000š
ǻ֮澧ϵıھ򣬼۸ܺü㣬ÿ1000żֵ1Ԫ顯ҲһλԪ飬һƷǿ춴
ַڵĲֺյҲЦ⡣
ջ񣬵ȷȲɱһΣĻϾ󣬶ĻᡭȴǿԸƵġ
ǣŸսڶûá
ϧһ˳
е˺˶ʡ
û㹻ʵػͬ˿
ţھеַ壬˲˸Ӧǿĸ֪ΧӦ࣬Ӱһһ٣漴
ˣ
ַҡҡͷңҪȴһ鷳
鷳
΢΢һ˲ϢһҲǷӦ
ߵʥϢĽ٣ʮֿ١
ʥߡ
ַˣʥҲ⣬ΪǵĵҲûɱ⣬Ϊ׵𯼫ȻգĿһɨƳɢļǻ֮澧üͷһš
о⣬˲Ϣ𯼫λھĵطôѡھ򣬲׵ɣ
Ƴַ壬˼ȷ
һУַô
սս
ַ嵭ȻһЦبؾĹأԵ߾֣֮֮Ƭǽ֣Ϻأûһ⡣
˻Ϊ֮һϡ
ȴû뵽ǰһν룬ԹϤ
࣬ˣǲδƬӡ𯼫˵ֻҽһС֮Ҫھġ
ǿʶһԵȥĽ
˵ʲôʥ߱ңȴǲˣǱʵԶǵϵࡣƢȽϱ꣬Щɢɱֱ֣ȴ𯼫
𯼫Ϣ䣬ȵ֮ǰڵģˡ
ôУϴ󣡡ʥ߲ԸˣȴǱ𯼫ֹ̧Ŀ⺮䣺ڣȥطڡ
ַɫƽ
᲻ףȻ⼸ʥǡˡˡõģ׶ģֱᣬɱ¾ĶС
Ϊʲôبؾ֮ߡ
̰ģԶס
ǲԸأַ嵭仰ֹ𯼫΢΢һ㵣ʥɫҲȻʱޱȽӲ
Ը⣿
𯼫üͷȷЩ˼ɣϾڶϵߺ̨ӲλʥߣĶˡ
ǵﲻõˣɲһǸµġ
߸ʥ嶯ţűһͷ֧ţعâ嶸ȻǣµļӲѡ
䣡
һ˫ɽȻѹ¡
𯼫оһδֹɵĺ̨Ҫá¾˵ȥҲл˵Զס
ǵȷڹ
ǵѵ֪Ѷˡ𯼫е뷨ܿ췢Լˣش൱ס
~~
һɫ֣һµİɫţŰУ죬ȴ֮ǽºͷӬֻŭ֮ȴǱˣת
ɶ񣡡λʥߡءۼԼֵܶȥˣ˫ֳצһϮǰ֧Ԯ
ȻԶһӮҲЩܱǿ
ַüͷ΢΢һأûг֡
һΪʵһ֣תء˵ɱ߸ʥʵɱ֮أ
ǿߣ
͵۹һĴʥǿ
û㹻ʵ֮ǰĪȥһЩԼǲĵˣַ֪Ҳ֪ᱻһЩӬͷСʧǡ
Ůޣ𯼫ĳ䵽ȵףɫԽԽѿ
δһϵʵǿֵزмʥֹ߲òˣתģࡣ
ֻҲ㡣
ʵһǿ𯼫ʱȫ𺧣еַ壬͸ǳϰ¡
ϵǿΪ˵
˼ңʵ
Ǹǿʵ
µǣ̳ܽǿߵģǷ֮
뵽⣬𯼫ͷϵ亹λʥ׼ǰ֧Ԯ𯼫ŵɫһ࣬ס֣
ַ΢΢һ
һţʱһȣţźسʹѪעоǲš
ǿߣȫס
𯼫ɫҰףǰһȭҵ۲ʶ̩ɽλ˺԰գȻʥߣæȥ
ַӣһЦ



1366 Ӳô
ʵһеıǮ
ַ֪ھʱʥ߿Ҳ̫ںһˣܺʥ߿⣬˵
գʥɱģĻԼ
浽ʱַ顣
ʲôˣԶˮϺӼ۸ַȻʱеĵʱࡣ
ûʲôֻЩǻ֮澧ۺˡַ
ǻ֮澧
ˮϺ޲һ˲ʱӦ㡭ܸ֪ǻ֮澧λã
ַţ
ˮ߸ʥߣ
ַЦŵͷָָʵŴˣŻææˡ
ݸһЦ
ղ߸ʥߵģȤ
ǿֻλʥߣȻĶ֡ˮ˼˵˶ǻ֮澧ۺ죿1000ţ2000ţǡ
8000šֱӱֱ֣ˮðΡ
ô࣡겻ѡ
8Ԫ顣ˮૣѹǻᶯġ
ַҲãֻ˳ھ򣬲δǿȡᣬ֮Ҫǣһ֡
ˮţҲ龭ﻹʣ¶ǻ֮澧
3500ҡַ
һ
൱ڻ3.5Ԫ顣
δҹζ࣬ȡˡˮϵҺӾͲ˷ʱ䵽ˣ
á

ǱߣǱȥʥߣЩû
ţźλʥߣʹ˿ںѿӶһ𣬸Եǣöλʥߺλʥߣ־һϵˡ
ȥεȶ
ϴô죬Ҫҵôλʥߡ˵
ʲôӲô𯼫ɫһһףյ˫ȭ漴ʵɿ˿㣬鷳ˡ
ССһŮӾʵǸʵܸǿ
ǵǰ׳ôмǿߣ̳ܽͽܣʮ֮˾ʥͽܣ
ҵ
Ų£ʥԲ궵ߣ
ʥʱƤ
ܴڣԶ֮
ϵЩˣǾǲõģʥǿߣǿϵĽˣΪƣΪĳ
մȾ϶㣬̫ͷ϶

ַҲûãʥ߻뿪ûãַʣ3500ǻ֮澧ܼ11500ţֵ11.5Ԫıȥ
ջᡣ
սڶûãջ񣬴ǿ˵ġ
ڵһʱɱЩ̰ĵʥߣϵߣǿ˵ûջ񣬵ɱ¾־á
ںӱߣܲʪЬ
ɱӵһۣջǲСΪ˵˽ʨ̡
ʮͷֹبؾ̽ȻҪ衣
ڣȴһ
Щǻ֮澧Ϻܰġ
ҪһײһĻԵҾˡЦ
ôõˮϵڶļ࣬Ͼʮ꣬һ̽ڶߣѾܾ̽á
ײֻ֮澧ģˡˮˮ
ʱ̫ߣǼ¡
һޣʦƳƳַԴֺ󣬲֪ΪʲôСӵͱ
С৵һ¾Ǻˣӣ
ַҲΡ
֮ȴǸʲôЦЦˮ϶е죬ջԾ١
ʱ֮ԣҲʵ
ַ˵ȷʵ
̻ջ11.5Ԫ֮󼸸½նֱ20Ԫ鵽30Ԫ飬ٵ50Ԫ飬70Ԫ顭
̶䣬ջӽ100Ԫ飡
Чʣʮ־ˡ
ַĸ֪ռ˴󹦣ؾﶼҪǿĸֹ֪ܱ߲·ܽʡʱ䣬ӿѰٶȡ
һ̽Ѱһǰڶ
½½ַҵͨ˲ûнĴ㣬ڵڶλʥ߻ǽ˵ս
ڵ򡭡
ȴǼ׵ս
ΪףΪβַ֪ʵҪԣûʵҵõıҲزסһ㣬ᡣ
ܻɱ֮
ңߴ۹ۣǲҡ
ɱǵʵ׳Ϊڻҡ
ŵڶ̽Ѱַ˵ѡҲǵѡ񣬵ʱԸַ˴֮ʱ
֮񣬺ǿ˸ССЦ



1367 
¡¡¡
بؾ𵴣Ƭռ˲ʱޱңռһȽһͷͷſѪڡ
ãɣˮϻ䡣
Ǻ˺籩ؾ̮بؾֲļʱҪСһȴ
µǣ޴ɶ㣡
Ϊɵ൱֮ڱڼ䣬ܵɶڣֻҪкڶɡ
ʮ
ʥǿߣҲ⡣
ɵԼڶɵʮ֮һֻһǶɣһǶڵɡ˺籩ؾ̮ײϣһɡ
ȴ
ֵĽʸߴ99%
һߣֱַȻҲɵķʱЩֲ
˵ǣʥǿ߶һ
ֻʥߺʥܿռ˲ƣһЩǸҪԼ
ɡ
ؾԽտĵطԽΣաˮϼɫмΪţϾǶӳ縺Ρ
ɣ൱Ŀֲ
ʣ߾Ӳ¡
˸ˮϡ
ַ֪ɢȥ֪ķΧϾޣˣѾܸ֪Ϊٵ䶯ͺһڶĿԶˡ
ʥǿߡ
޿ƥеĺڶռ
ֻʦΪܹɡַ尵ƽַ֪š־ﲻκεæ
ԽΣգԽҪ侲
ַй˽⣬˺籩ؾ̮ʵһ޷⣬ΪǡȻڶΪ
ڳ˯֮УӳڶҲҪ
بؾӳڶ⡣
Ͻ㣬ɲǸ෢ĵطôΪʲôǲѡȫһĿտش
ʢǴġˮɫȻ
׼ȷ˵ɵĳûκιɣӳڶģ֮ʢɷĵطΪĿֲ
ַͷ
ڿտشûɣӡȻ
ܼĵطһ㡣ľ˿̹ġ
ȻһΪʲôǲѡտش߸ܸʵ
ˮϽ͵ɳʱٶǼٶȺɵģΪĵ̣Ŀռ䣬ʥߣɶϣռ˲ƶʩչˡ
ꡣ
Ҳ̫
ˮϵǿ԰һһûʶͬӳڶһҵģ
ɣգȡ
ÿһڶô
Ϊֻڶܹܹȥĸ̥еӤһֱܡ
ˣѡܼشΪϰ˼
Ӧɺͣ١ַ
һʳ㹻ԱǲԵģֻߡٶȻ
ˮϵͷÿһն޵ģ㹻ʱǻʧܼĵشǻĻܴһ֡
˺ܿס
Ӹ̾ضûС
ˮϺҲǸֳһɫид
ȷֻܵķݡ
˶ʤ졣ַɫǿҲмޣ֮;ûмֿԣʵ㹻ǿʱԽڶȭǳƿ򡣡
ʶǿߣ޵С
ַڶɸ㲻ʲôԼʦֵܵͬããǿգԼʦȌǿʤ

ˮϺܴҲо顣
һ·һض·гۣ²Ҫ̽µĵ·ֻԭ·رɡΪ֪ؾࡣ
Լʥ߸ࡣ
ˮϵ·߼䲻˸ģַĸ֪
ǿĸ֪˵ľݡ
ÿÿַܸ֪еĽӽԶ룬޷ȫܿʱȫ࣬ܿ˱һǳܼ֮
Զܸоһг֡
ܿõ
ǲñܿôǵģԶǾ˵УĵļȻӳڶſѪǰ㾪㤡
~~
һſž޴ɣգԶǴʥ߿־˻ͷϣ·ˡ
һĿ¡


1368 ޽
ܿ
ַм㡣
һ·֪ѾЩ˽⣬ͬǡĴڣԽǿ˵ҪɵԽ֮࣬ҪɵԽ١
ǿһġ
УЩͻᱥʧߡַȷ
ˮȻףѡַ塣
ַĸ֪ɥ֮С
򣬶УԽΣգԽѡַжƣΪоۼһĿԺС
ǣһ𡮲ʳ
šŮͷӦ
̾һϵčڼףʥߣ㹻ǿ֧⸱սף㱻ɣҲܰȻ
ȫϺ͸ӳڶԡ
ԻӵʣֻҪΪʥ¡ˮϵؼܷ11ԪΪʥߣǹبؾԭ򡣡
ԽĥԽ
ٱӱкܴ
˵ɡӿЦˮϣʦһã
ܿ졣ˮȻɱ˷Χ㣬˺籩ؾ̮ɳʱ̣ԼһٸСʱͻ
ȷ̡ܶ
¶ϲɫѾȻȹ˶ʮСʱ
̫磬һߵḶ́ǰʮСʱʮСʱƽΣյмʮСʱǡ
ʮСʱңΣգ
ʱУͲģ
˰ͷ
£߶㣬ʮСʱ

˴δоʱôһ㣬СʱȴǶ꣬ϰ¡
Ҫ
Զǿ˺ѷεغ뿿˲ߡ
ռ˲Ʒ·ͻȻʧһ
~~~
ƺ㣬һҪĶࡣ
иϲַѾܶ࣬ʥֻССһ˵ʮźǶҪϲ
ʵҲϾʥߣӵе׻ȥһſźǡ
ǿȣǡ޷ȡ
עסַѾȡˮϣΪӳΪɫĸ֪ʮ
һʥߣ߰˰ˡ
ַȴƾСȵŲƣһδοΣգȴоյıܿ
Ҫ֪ɽΧʸߴ99%
ʣµ1%϶ʵλʥߣֻʥǿߡ
ͨʥߣʥǿЩġ
ϾУֻӳڶʮ֮һ
ҲֻǷ
ڶʱܿȻܣӲӵһˡ
ʮСʱʮСʱʮСʱ
ʱ䣬һһȥ
ַ˶ͷ϶кˮ߶ȵעУʮСʱĺսܾͻˡ
̫Σա
֧סСʱַ
ٹСʱгֵĵʮСʱҲ߶㡣ܰȻȹΣʱ̣֮䣬ļʾͻܶࡣ
~~~~~~
һг֣ԽԽܼ֮ǰһֵʥߣһδβⶾַ֣ƶжϸǾȷΪܡ
ʮСʱ
ˣ
ʱžˮ϶¶һϲɫ֮ǰɷʱһĶûУϾʸߴ99%
ڡ
ַ£Ǿɵĸ߷ڣ
ֱ˼
Ҫ֪ĸֻϵѣ
ֹˮϣӣ¶һϲãֽٺĸо̫Ȼڸչ߶ˣȫ
һźš
ɣʵйɿѰ
ɣԭ޽⡣̾
޽֡Ц
߶㣬˷Ÿҿ˵仰һ½̵ա
ַ壬ף˴˼侭оǴͬмֺʤҲַĲĪЩӿ졣
ôˣӵЦ
ৣ
ûٿһ죬὿ӣ
ӺٺһЦˮ¶ЦݣῴҲѹᶯģˮַ壬ҲǼΪ⡣
ַ壬ϵ츳Ǳһɫһ
ֽ񶫻͵۹ǿʥ񡯣ϵʱҲҪʧɫ
˵ַҲȻһЦ
Ȼ100%ľ񣬸֪Уٿַüͷ΢΢һšоһޱǿϢٵǽӽţ
ʥǿߣַһ



1369 ڣСǣ
ַȫûʥǿߡ
һ˵ʥǿ߶ǳڵֻǵڶ²һŶ⡣
ħʥҲǵùԭħһˣøմӵײɡ
֣
ռ˲ȫٵķɳٶȣͬòȥΨһǿǣз
סԼоߡ
ľ
УĿĲݣס;ǳؾʱιв٣Ǳࡣ
ɶԽԽ࣬뾡鷳ħʥз겻
һӦͺǿˣ
ܿᱻĹ⡣
بؾµ֮һʥ춴ǿߣҲ⡣֮£ƽȡ
ޣߣħʥ첻ѡ
ѾʮСʱ95%߶ǱɣҪһѣһӾȻĸ
̫ã
޾֮·ħʥЦѡ
е

㣡
оǵʥϢڷַɫȻһ䣬⵱Ȼʲô£ԣʥǿˮ

׼ȷ˵ǰԼ˵
֪Χڣʥǿ󣬻һе
ͬʱУʥǿֵܵԼʱԼ˽ᱻɣȡֹͣɲǣ׷
ߣַȣѡ
ڴʱԶħԵЦַɫٱ䣬һɿµĺڰϢǽ٣ȫ֣ڰ̲Ũ˸޷ֿ
ڰ򣬴ɣ
ɵλǻ춴ı־ѹλʥߡ£ַӣ޷
ħЦԽԽַͫ˲ʱŴ
ĿģһŶħǿߣҺɫͫɫЦ͸ɲӶĿ翴һȺϡ
ħʥˮһ۱ϳ
͵۹ʥǿָвٸˮƵʥ߶ǵס˵ʥǿߡ
ÿһʥŽʶصڶ͵۹¶档
ǣϵ˵Ѿ޵С
ߴ۹Ҳҿ
ħӱŭޱȣ¶
ħ˽ΪĿĲֶΣħʥôһҲ⣬һħ彲ԣЦˡ
ַûз
ʹǿҪɫӿƣȻҪƣҲǶʱܰ쵽
ڣСǣ
ħʥԶɽԶȻŻӡÿУһɽѹ£޿ѡ
ٿأѹȴһɡ
ɫͺʧȥƮɢַ˶ʱػɡ
Ȼȴǵȴһɸĵ
䣡
ַɫȻ䡣
ԶħſѪڵУ̡ǳͺץסǰ⡣
޾Եֵ
µǣǸ޷ѣһӲקס
ˣǽ١
ַɫҰףǲǻ춴ǿߣǿ߶ǣ޷ֿ˴ʲô
Ǻԡ
ˮϣӣж¶֮ɫɱǵԶΧʱеķʧ
Ψһûзģַֻ塣
öϣ
䣡
ַгıӰһɫХԾȻҐ޵ĸ֪·ӣŵ̫ͼ͵ɢ
⣡
ؼ̫

֮ٿȻ䴫ľƳ⣬ͬżײ˲õ࣬ʹ絯ɰĵ
ߣ
ıȣضȻ쳹˶ߡ
ĿǼ㱳Ӱ˷йľϢִսػվǰޱȵĸߴ
䣡
ǻӳսնϵ֮ǣߣնϵÿ˵ġ
˿ַµ߰ıӰѳƬȫ֪һԼҲǲˡ
һΪˣ
ˮϵ촽ȫҧƣַ˿
̵ˣˣա
ȴ˱Ǹ
֣Ŀѣ˾ҲĿѪ졣
˭˵ж᲻ᵯֻδʱ



1370 
ʣ
ַ֪ԼʲôɵʱûκεԥҪôһҪôĸһ
ˮϻӣ˾ˣΨһ

һսԺԲƣڵżˡ
һ˿ڵһI£һؾС
ûбһ˵
ΪÿһǱ壬ֻռݵı١ȥǾبؾַ壬ռ50%
бףһǾ͵籾ȥ
ַ岻ֹʧȥ50%ʵʧȥĸ50%Ǳ
ѡ
Ȼبؾ㡣
¡
һˣûУζûУΪˣȻˮϣô͸վȥվǵǰ棡
аعַ屩ȡ
ܱУ̫ʩչǱĸǿַûзûһߣһսʿ
ҲҪ߾ȫս£
ɫ״ı͵ĳŴ絯ɽ壬һ˻ҧм˵΢΢ȴַľġ
Ϊ飬Ϊȫ

սɢ֮Դȫȥһеַ壬ս壬̨һƬһ˿֮ʮһ΢ģֱӵＫޡ
һ̣޵ƺҲһЩչ
ַľԲ
սַӵ
ⲻֹǸ翹һǸսһйһƺˣȻһͷŭǿޡ
䣡
ַĵ
絶սƺҲܵ˵ķս⣬һδδ߹ȣһδַ׵
ʵ̫Զ
ַķһʱ䡣
ʱȴַ弫ҪȡģⲻֹľģΪѣѻ
ַûʮİգҪȥԡ
һҪšַж˵ʮĲս˴˼ֿ飬Բϣ¡
ţδ޿ܣ
ַš
ٿأ߾ȫеַ΢΢һ㵣оֵ̫ķΧһϤǿϢһڵսף·Ƶġ
춴ڼף
ϴһսλʥߵ޹Ķսף
ȽһĨж̫תڼ׶ʱ֣ʱֱַӴ𣬵Ӳͬ޷ϣϾԪط򲻺ϡ
ˣڼȻ
ͬϣ

Уȫסַ塣
еַǿ֧ţſĺХһֱͣŭǿҲҪһ졣
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ûʥľʵҲⲻ
ٲ䣬ٲģҲı䲻ˡ
޾У̲ǿ˺ȻӾ磬ɵûʶַתٶԽԽ죬˺ԽԽǿǍڼѱ˺Ƭ
޾ɣһϯַ壬޷ƿء
·޾ԨһƬڣһƬڰأһԶ޷ֹͣ¡
һַ̣𵴡
ԴǽڹĶһɹȪַͷðޱߵ˺ĥַ־ĸӼ͡
ͬһ꣬ͬһ־
˿ڬIһؾУٷԪַ壬ѹ£ڿһصԴһ
һ
Ȼֻ΢ĩԽٱԴ֮Ȼ
ǹ֮
όħ֮­ַİħ֮ΪѴﵽֶ򣬽ٱԴ֣֮Դǽ࣬㹻
춴ϣܶ౦Ҫġ
ѪľѣͬҪ
ⰵ֮壡
ǹ⡢ַͬʱӵУܾѪ
ַ֮ǰҲЩµδȥչϾֻǲ²⣬ǹ̫֮ࡣ޶żٷԪĻãΪͻͽ
ԭҪڶſܻᷢϣ絽
ǿѪ
ؼѪ
ϵʼ֮󣬱ͣͲǰɶ
вдĺڷˣսߣһⰵ֮壬ַںһ𣬾ߵĪʵĿࡣ
ַ壬μ䡣
Ǿ
񽵸񵽶򣬵ǵȻڣֻδѿѡ㹻Ľ֣࣬ԣһѿ
޿赲



1371 Ѫ
һַ弡ӡ
ÿһ̲š񡯵̲֮ܣ֮裬ڹȣĥ£Ѫ
ַоޱŨĹ⡢ԪأԼһ֡
Ͷ䣬ƿء
֮򣬰֮򣬶˫֮УģʶܵѪַ˲ʱѹоľұ仯
ǣַĸ֪δʧȥ
˿̣ȴһ޾ڰ磬޾еĴڣΧĸ֪类һ㣬Ҳо֡
޾˺Ϣ壬ԶԶڶ˺
ǿַ֮ݡ
ȵڶǿٱ˺ǵεģԵֿ˲ᱻޣ˿Χȴһⰵڱ
壬Ʒֳ֡
һǹ⣬һǰⰵܣѪʱػ˺
Ѫľѣַ嶸Ȼ䡣
Ƥϸ޲˲ǿδʧĺ̬ǿȻＫޡ
ļޣ
ַо壬ͺƵˡ졯ĶˣϵߵļޡڣһصŹⰵ򣬾Լ֮ǰһ䵱мˡ
һɫС
ַ岢⡣
ⰵ֮ǰ壬һֱи򣬰׾ɫޒת£̫ģ밵һ
ڡˡַ尵̾һ
ȴѾõѪѣӵķѿַ֪ԼĹⰵ֮Ǻεȴڣϵһ
ȻδΣգ롭š
ţпܣ
ѪѣԴǽ缱ַͣ岻˼ȡ澧գһ󲿷澧ڶɣҲһڣࡣ
лᣡַҧأûз
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Ѫľѣⰵ֮ɱ䣬ССⰵ˺ѪѽʧѪػ˺޼ɵ
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ʱ
ˣֱַӽ澧ȥ̶ʱգȫȡѪѣԴǽﶥ㣡
ϵĶ㡣
ϵڶҪ
һ㹻ǿ壬֮裬ɱ䣬һַȻû⡣
Դǽ絽޷ַͬ֮ǰ澧ԴǽߣдԵȻԴǽԶ˵
һֱԴ֮Ϊӵؿ
~~~
ַ
Դǽ絽Ｋޣ߷ܡַںδ򶼴ڣΪ߷ƿƬĳȻ
ʵĿԽ
ַ壬ļûãϵڶһ
ٶȣĿࡣ
ħ֮֮
ؼµΪֱĹⰵѪַʵɱס
һɲǣ֮
޾֮ԴϿգÿһι֮Դ̲ŷ̲޾£ӳڶСޱȡ
һ̣˺·ȫʧ
ͬʱ䣬֮Դ֣ħ֮Ϊްķ֮㤿ɲްħһܽӳڶΪС
⣬졣
Ľ٣ĸ裡
~~~
Ȼͬķ֮⽵٣ɫͺɫγӳԱȣַϣʱⰵ֮һȽ
ʱ䣬֮ĸŨӻá
֮ϣٱԴ󣬽շٲԪرԴΪԼӵıԴ
ϣǿ޵ֱͻơ
ϴӳɱ䡣
˿̣ԴĽ٣Դǽ缲ţ10࣬100һḶ́ҲһĹ̡
Դǽ磬Ϊ档
˿ַ̣Ͻ֮ǰ˵
λԴΪλԴΪͻƣ֮𼫴ͻƵڶֻ֮ΨһһΣ֮λԴҲС
Դġ
һıԴλԪرԴλԪرԴر۱Դķͬġ
ԣԽǿķԽ
Ѫѵáù֮£ַǷ̩
Ѫľѣÿһƶȡͬ۹֮Դʱַȡķʮ֮ࡣ
˵ַͬʱԴ
ΪС
ǣʱַоⰵ֮Уǳ䵱ⰵýġɫС˿̾Ҳʼ仯



1372 ڶ
ɫУȡĲǷǡ
ڶ˺
⣡ͻȻķַ֣Щ㵣˲ȴһϲޱȡԭΪԼѪⰵ֮壬ɫֻǰ裬ڿ
ȫԼ
еһѪͨ
ˡַܿ췢ԭ򣬷£ⰵǣԼѪȻƽ⣬ˣĹ̶
룬Լ޷ơ
ģ̫ĵĺڰС
㹻ôŹ⡢Ĵƽ⽫ᱻơɫպڶ˺ѪҵںӦ
ڶ˺ɣʵԿռ䷨ͷŵĿռ䱾Դ
ֻռ䷨Ϊ֮λλλ֮ϣͷŵĿռ䱾Դܺ
ҵѪɫУǿռ츳պڶ˺
ַ֮
ʵѪľѣ֪ԽԽࡣǶⲿĸ֪ͬǶĸ֪ڲǿɫպڶ˺ַ岢δɡ
ڣԴʮΣյľأ
ͻƵʥΪڶǿߣʥһ·һ޾ĺڶ˺ռ̫ǿ
û´ӦǱӳڶġ
˺100%ӳڶЪϢԺڶ˺ֻʮ֮һ൱ڵ˺
ʥǿ߲ܽ롣
Ӧþڵλáַ֮ݣʲôûУֻɣһƬޡ
Ȼӽӳڶģȴи֡ؾȴڡ
ô죿
ַԴѸƮһ뷨񶨡
ռ˲ƣ
ƲƵóȥǸδ֪ӳڶĵʩչڹعǰˣ󵶡
ɫգ
Ѫֿ
һʱһҲڣѱ档
뷽ȥһʱŷʧԴ֮Σ֮ػʧ
ڶ˺ٴα
һа취ַüͷš΢΢ɫвȡڶ˺ǿַٿĿǰ
ϵڼף
ɵһɲǣӸĳΪԪԲͬ޷ϣʵ޷ǿϡ
ڡ
Լǿϣ
Ȼﲻ100%50%ǿϵǿĶࡣ
ַǺڶǿߣǿύڼס
ֻǷӣʹߣŰѽһֻܷһʵ
ˣַѾ⡣
룬һ·
ҵǿȣ㷢50%Ҳȳ˷100%ǿַģαըԵڵѵﶥˡ
Ŀǰܴﵽļ£
ϵڼס20%ķ50%ҪϣԴʩչ30%Ǹߵ塣
ԽǿԽ£
ַ˵30%ѾԳ100%

µ⣬ֳ֡
ǿϻ춴ףǱȼԽߣϾԽѡַԹ֮򣬰֮ϣǿϲһʱɡ
ʱǸܴ⡣
ˣַܿҵ취
֮Ҳã֮ҲãֻСɣϵڼס̲صķǿǿѡ
ɫСַȡĺڶ˺ֱȡڼס
Ǽ䣬ڼ׾𶯣￴֮ǰ㣬ҵֿԵĿռ룬ڼ˲ʱ
ǿϣҪġ顯
ַǡ
ڶ˺Ͼ޷ֱǿύڼףڍڼ֮һزʱַԷȥϡ
°빦
ʱѽַԴǽԴ֮ҲΡԴǽҪ10100࣬ǸʮĹ̡
ŷ䣬ַҲƽϢźɫеշŻ
ʱȻ̣ܶ㹻
~~
ڼͷųɫâŨıԴͷŶַȫγһ㵭ıڣסڶ˺
ַϣֱıݡ
ӵķֹǿһ
Ȼ޷ϣƾڼ׵ķǿе屩ַѾ㹻գֻҪӳڶѣﰲȻ
ǣڼѡ
ȼü֮ǽȥַͷʯ뱣סŷ֮Ҳ漴βʱ
~~
֣ﶥ㣬ռ䷨һ֮ͨ¡
ৣַ𣬷ֱ顣

ռ˲ƣá


1373 ܴ̼ȣ
򣬶ǻá
ռ䷨λλڷ϶ˣҪ򡭡ҪһַԲҲ۷춴ǿߡ
ÿһ֮һݡ
Ҫλһ㣬ݺܳ
ռ˲ƣѾǷһ֣Ŀǰ˵ַֹ壬츳׶һ
ԣ֮衣
Ϊռ˲ƲҪĿռ
ڵڶˡַипڱԴѳΣǶǴķֹԶʤԴ֮ģ򶼾ࡣ
ڶʵ
˵սǱԴ󣬲ǺڶΣǡ

˵ʣȫﶥˡ
ڶѾ壬޷̬Ѫ仯ʲôģвͨ
ַҲԹѾʧȺ̬ǿǣڣַֻ壬пޡ
ϵʱѪͻɱѾﵽޡ
ǵ˵ġ򡣡ַ尵ԽǿԽͻƻõԽ󣬶ԼͻʱճѰʮϡ
֮裬Խޡ
Դ֮ҶλԴ
λʥߣҡλʥеٮٮߡ
λʥߣսʥַԼԴǽδȫԴȴȹ̣ʵԼͲѾλʥˡ
⻹δ㱩ȫµĹⰵ֮Ѫ
ۺ
ﲻ޵λʥߣҲǲΡַԼʵʮ㣬ƾϵčڼף100%ӳڶ˺ܵʱ䡣
㲻ϣͨύڼףҶӲӳڶ˺
ַа
ͲںӳڶˣڻС
~~~ɫһСֺڶ˺ྡڼ׻⣬10%ĺڶ˺ַȻûӰ죬ǡ
ʱ䲻ࡣ
ٲʮ꣬ӳڶѣʱͷ100%ĺڶ˺ԼǿҲӲˡ
ʮ꣬˵̲̣˵Ҳ
޷˲ơַ峢Ҫпռ˲ƣڵطѹ̫ǿռ˲ƾһ˫εĴס
ٶȼۣа취ô
ԡַҲ޼ƿʩ
ΨһǸ֪֪ΧޣҲֻǳԿϣҵڣҵ뿪
ôס
ûκܵӳڶУסȹɡ
ңǰǿߡ
ַѾҡ
޾֮·ѹҶˣ뿪ӳڶǳ¡ַȭһӰ̽ѰƬ޾ڰ

ڶ
ˮϣ˳ɹѡ
Ȼ˵ûаٺЦݣûаָоžδɣҼ
ַ壬ˡ
Ϊ˾ǣԼ
ⲻ˭õģʱĶôôƱȥסԼȫˣȾɾ塣
ѹˣˮǿο
ৣ
£һŷ鿪ӣסһĨɫ˿Ķио
кܶˣʧȥ֪жҪ
Щ飬һֱĸ߰ԸԲԸϸϣˣһгɿգ߰ȫж
ôţҲһŮˣһŮ
ˮ̾Ϣһ
᲻룬Ҳϲַ壬ַкƷʣһ񣬳Խĳ죬Σе
ٶİοҲѾ޼£УӡУֻһӶĨȥ
Լһ
Ŀӣı飬Ǵһֲź;ϲˮЩ죬ӷʲô
ܴ̼ȣ
ٿء
˷ܵĺֱˮһҲתͷ΢üЩ
ȴֻеԵʯӶ۶ڷŹ⣺ǿ쿴ֵԵʯзӦûѣ
ৣৣ
ˮϺһʱȡԵʯȻԣԵʯ𣬴ַԻţδȥ
ģˮ૵оϲá
ҧ촽ϸֳĽԵʯ§ڱǰһ˫ˮӨ˸ϲ



1374 ռ
ӳڶ
Ƭ޾Уַ岻ϵļۡ
޷ռ˲ƣֻܿٶȷУﲢƹ٣ַĹٷҲСɣͿռ˲һǧ֮һȣԲĺԶ
Ȼʱû
˺ܾãȻһƬ󣬿κα߽磬ûйĴڣ·ֻ޾ĺڰ޾
ĻУѰߺʧȥģױַ岢ûС
ᶨʹҪ뿪
һа취ġַ֪ɢȥռ쳣磬ռ䷨°빦ܡ
򾳽磬ԶԶû
ţ
ٿأַ΢һƽϢѪĺɫȻڲתÿһתȡռ˺
Щռ˺ȥˣ
Դǽ磡
ԣ档ַ֪ԴǽڻĳΣ10ൽ100࣬Ҫʱա
ɫȡĿռ˺档
ʧˣ
Ӧòʧַ˳֪˿˿ƵĿռ˺Ӻɫ룬棬漴
ԴǽġԴġڡ
ҲܱĴ֮ꡣ
ԴĻ棬תΪ
ȡûʲôͬΨһͬǿռȽǿһ㣬˶ѡ
˷Ѱַ尵
ռ൱ǡԪ顯ĹˣһſԪֵ100Ԫ飬ɹ100Ʒǿ춴
ԪĹأ˾˵Ŀռ
ռʥǿߺҪ
ڣԼҪԪ鶼ֱա
ˣͻƺڶǰѪʱɫоѾȡռַа⣬֮ɫʵǿɿռġ
ֻһɡ
֮ԲɣҲܼ򵥣ΪѪҪһƽ⡣
ԭʼģƽ⡣
棬ֻн׵һ㣬춴ǿߣɿռַ尵ԼɣܿЩռ
ܱǿ
ûзӳɣҲܺǿ
Դ֮ķǿܱȵĹλ
ռжǿ޾֪ˡ
һԡַ뵽ſѪԤϵģɫеȷܹƣɿռҪġ
ֻǱպɡ
ܼ򵥣ܰ쵽
͹⡢֮Ѫַͬǿʧ⣬ɫвᣬľֻһмáַԱȻ
Ȼ֪ɿԪӶٿռȻյԲ
ٳɶ࣬ɫܳ־գĿռΪŨ
ܱûǿ

һ꣬һ̽
ַ岢ûЧƺ
־ˣʮ꣬һյ̽ѰһƬ޾ڰߣ涼һָоȷЩܡ
ѹ֣ľ
ʮ꣬ɫտռ٣δӰ쵽ѪȻôҲ˵ò
IУһֱ츳֮ڶһξ롣
ףô뿪أ
ʮַ˺ܶ෽һãӳڶѾҪصبؾ
̫ѡ
нʮʱ䡣ַ尵ꡣ
⻹ֻĹ㣬Ϊӳڶܻܿѣʱ100%ĺڶ˺޷ֵġ
ĿǰѾޣҪѡ
ߣҸ취ǿַૣ㹻ǿύڼףʱ100%ĺڶ˺ܳܣͲõˡ
ַҡͷ
̸ף
оҲﵽǿܴﵽļޡ
䣬ٿظ֪˲ַһͫ˲ʱŴü¶ϲ֮ɫ
Ȼֻϸ΢Ĳƽĺˮһ
б仯˵
ַѸٸ˹ȥǼ٣֪ı仯ȷһǣ
ַǰܿиӦ
Ȼַϲ䲻֪仯ԺδǸʮ꣬ŵһĸ֪
ϣȽַжѰ仯Դ
һѰң˿̽Ѱоſռı仯ںɫƺҲиӦַס
òǡ
ַ֮ᶯ֤ԼĲ²⣬̽Ѱ
һʼ΢Сҵһв²ԽԽ϶ַâ
~~
ַͣ
֮һССУַĿ͵һƳֻԶССڣðһ羧Сʱһǽץס
ž
ʧַտ



1375 ۺջ
Ӳʡַ⾧Сϸϸȥһ㵭İɫλƣֻ̲ǲ֪ǽﻹ
һԿ϶Ǿ⾧С൱
ܾɣ𻵣Ƕ춴Ρַ尵ǿ춴Ҳסɡ
ΧһСݣС
ֻԼ֮ǰڡߡģڡ桯ġӳڶڲž޲Ψһı仯ɡ
ÿһεɣӳڶ䡣
һӦǡʮһֻء
ַм㡣
Լبؾʮ걻̡ģηպùʮꡣ
Ĵ֪ûַ֪ɢȥͣձʱܱȴδ𻵵ģÿһֵơ
ʱˣ޾ڶ˺ƻ£Ƕ춴Ҳûá
ˮζʯοǿĺڶ˺

ַ忪ʼģѰ
һĪչҲ뿪ķܷŹᣬκһ΢Сϸڶ
뿪
ı١
֮ʮСʱѰַһֱڶʮСʱջһֵġӡƵһ㣬صɫ
ȫô֮治С
بؾеıӳڶӴɶɵޣȴޡ
ʮ߸СʱַҵһŰɫС͵һҵļһģһ
ʮСʱַץһ춴
֪ĸùɽˡֱַһٸСʱʱ䣬񷴶ΪѰʱ䡣
Ŀʥǿߡ
ַ岻⡣
£ʥǿͬ⡣
ɲֻڵڶ򣬵򶼿ܷߣʥǿ߶Աǿһ㣬ɵһѡ
һץͬӲˡ
ʮСʱַһҵŰɫ꣬һģһţȴ֪䵽ǺôҲ޴ַ֤ץʱ䡣
ڰʮСʱһ춴֡
ھʮСʱнʧǰַҵĿŰɫꡣ
~~
ȫʧӳڶ·ԱƵģعƽšַ岢δֹͣѰȻʱˣܻб
Ͼ֪̽ޡ
ӳڶյķΧȴ
ȻڵһʮСʱַҵŰɫ꣬ʮСʱҵ춴
֮Чʿʼ
ֱһǧСʱδҵһַ巽ֹͣѰһСʱջַ겻ѡ
ܹ춴һŲ֪ĹʵһصӣġӲʣӾſŰɫꡣ
ջۺ졣
ÿһϡ䱦ǣ춴һƷһƷ⣬ƷһǼƷ
Ʒ춴ֵ200Ԫ飡
ȶƷ춴ضʮ֮࣡
׬硣
ַϲδϲãһƬĵУ涼޷н󺣣ʱɽҲûá
ϣЩ֮У𵽰ģֻһ㡣ַһһ֤
춴϶ǹģҲǷģԭȵ˾Ͳˡ
ĶҲòַеǾſŰɫоһıﱻƵģֻͬһʣ
ַ岻
Ժܾãûκηַ֣롣
ô󰡡ַΡ
ָоڻĵҪʳˮĶǻƽ鱦ֵٸҲûáַ˵ҪһܴƳı
ʲôԼҲ֪
Ϊû˵߱룬ܻų
ף뿪ķʲôأַ˼ûκεĽֻܿԼһ˳Ƭɫ֮У޾ڶ˺߱ҧ¡
ûз
һɵķ˸ϣ
بؾʮ꣬ʮһεֻ˵еǻᣬʮ꣬ʮ꣬ڰʮꡭ
ĴΣ
һа취ַǰʮ¡
̽Ƭ
䲻֪̽ԭֻ̤ǰȲá

ʱĵȴһƬ衣
˲أֹǶ͵۹ĸҰ۹õ۹۹ͼ۹Ͳ
˵ʲôõ۹Ĺh溾ӼΪѿ
ʮ˸ʥ˾Ÿ
ǵģſŻ飬ȫʧʥ̾һ
ʮ˻飬õ۹֮


1376 
תۣʮȥ
ɣ֡
һΣַ岢δڵһʱ䡮֡ɿʼʮСʱҵȻջڵһΣַ˵ȴкܴ
εɣȷĿǰλá
һ㣬ܹؼ
ƬԶڣ㲨ûеĵط֪Լںδߵ˶ã֪
ΪûκοɽĶ
ڣȴˡ
Ƭһ壬޴塣ַղϵıȻȷλáΪ壬Լĸߣôߣһ
ߵͷߵʼ
ֻȻȷƬڰĽ򣬵λʲôȻûУ˵޲
룬ǰһСַε
ĵģƬ޷ռ˲Ƶ̫ӴٶȰ궼̽ȫǲ鷳
ڣ
̽ȫ
ڵٶȣһһȦҪ̽ѰȫҲʮҡ
뿪İ취ҵڣʱҵ
ϧҪʮꡣַҡҡͷڶεջһɶʱҲҪϾبؾɣûйɡ
ַĿǰδרעڷ򣬼ʵϡ
ΪΪʥǿߣȥҲʲô仯߶̶̼ʮ꣬Ӱǿ춴ࣿ
췽ҹ̷
ﵽɡַԼ壬Ȼ춴ǿȣ˴˵Ĳβһ
춴ڰ塣
ѾѱƻΪһ壬ֻڣǲ಻𣬱ƻֱӾܸԭ
ҲӲɡ
һɣܲҲֻʹ࣬޾£ܿĴ
ַ壬ͬ
ӵЍڼףǿϣҲַ㹻ǿǳΪ춴࣬һ¥Ǎڼֻ30%Ҳɵֵ100%ĺڶ˺

ʱ䲻
ڼסַҲпϧ
ķϵ춴ܺԼԪǺϣֻͨ50%ǿϣԼҲаյֵ100%ڶ˺
ΪԼ壬ʤʥǿߡ
ڼף̲صǴԪط򣬶ǹǰ֮Ԫء
ǿռַٿһͻ룬ռ䷨λڴط֮ϣϡСλ
ռ䷨Ȼйġ
ޣӵеľǿռַа
ԿԪɣںϸԪط򣬲ãġҲǿռ
Ϳ޴սַ
ãԼΪʲôã
ռԼУ
Ѫɫ֮УʮĴ࣬Ҳ١ַ֮漴ǳԡͷųһռڼ֮С
ɲʱ䡪
~~~
ڼ׾𵴣Ȼͬĸоǳ֡
һ޴ĺʯɽط֣ʩչָоӵϲͬռĹ䣬ڼ״һ֡о
ϡ
ԴطƶҲв磬
ռǿ
ֲ򡣡ַоڼҲǺڹһɨ֮ǰǡ磬
ȣ
ַȭ漴ۣĸ֪ȫ
̽壬ܿ˴𰸡
壬֮ǰǿһ
ռǽڼ׵ķԼ㲻ԴطҲԶȷȫԳһ¡
ϧ֪100%ĺڶ˺ԿռĶ١ַĵ
Ĵڲ䣬ԼĿռޡ
ڵķڵҲԺʥǿ߰ˡַ嵭ȻһЦλʥߵԼսʥ
ǳʥ¡
ȫڵ򴳵̽Ѱبؾأؾ֮
Ҳûʲô𡣡
ջҲδؼһʮֻأáַͷ
ͬʱ䣬ջȷһЩ
ջÿһϡƷ
룬Ƕ춴ĲΡ
ʮһֻأԼһˣʲôʲôˡبؾŵʮ꣬ٻλᣬΨһǷȱǡ
ֻڣûгڡ
ͷȻֱнʮܻ꣬뵽취ġַֹ۵ţϵčڼף⡣
Կռčڼףͻʣ
ʱӳڶѣƬͻòһˣԽĻԽ󡣡ַϣ
ʮ100%ĺڶ˺֣Ҳһĩա
ڼ׵ϣԼֶһְպͿܣ



1377 
ʥˡ
Ұ۹ʥ¤ʥҲˡ
ɸɳؾһʥ湻ùģ˰ıȫɸ̵ˡ
ɵʲôЩ˵ʵʳʲôҪ
ҪձǿǷˣ
һ°Ҫȥ
~~
һ⵽ɡ
˺籩ؾ̮ɵȷ٣ǰֻÿ궼һΣʮһΡ
ȴĿ£ʥǿ߶ŷɥ
ûԤףҲ֮
ɵĸʵֻʱЩˡùˡ
һεɣɱʥǿʮ࣬Ƽ¡ҵģнٺģֻġ
ʱӳڶУַһӣһգæµ
ıڴ
йǰεľ飬֪ɵĹɣյȷҲɣֲһߵλÿһζûʲô仯
λãַžƬڰġ
ַ壬һѾȴ
ȵʱĻȡ
ʮʮʮ߼ַ겻ѡ
һ춴УԼе˼飬ǰεɼ8춴Ѿʮ߼֮ࡣ
ңɻδ
ȷ
һɽַյľ춴˵Ѿûʲôʱҵüϡ
Ϻʲôã
ַȤŨΪЩ⾪ϲعʵַղžҵһعʵ
ϡУ
عʵܽ뵽ӳڶ𻵣֤صжǿ
ַպӿֳһůϸǿüСʱڵʣѾҵعʵǿˡ
ˡ
Ȼֻһ㣬ύڼַоԼķһ㱤Ƶļ̡
ĿɳƵͭǽڡ

ճɡ
ַҲޣʲôҪײҪҪгһܳȥЩ˲Ϊϵеǿߡ
ʮɣַ׬ǰܺͻҪ࣡

ʱ򣬼ֵܱȽϡ
ַԲ֪һõǾſŰɫжǿߴ۹֮һõ۹֮
ڰʮꡣ
ַ־һɣƽƽһΡ
󣬵ȴھʮɡ
ջ񣬳Ķתתķ֣˼λַӳڶڲѾʮ꣬ӺѰ
Ĵɴģջô򵥡
ĴεĹ۲죬ÿһζַҪѶϢ
Լĵɣַмƻһκܿһλᣬһ˵ӳڶѣڰңҸǡꡣ
Ӧÿˡַڴš
λǻ뿪뿪ļʾͻã
׼ȡİ취ǡ
У
Ȼܴյ棬֤ͨϵ˴ˣӦǿռ䷨򣬵򲻵
ʵ֮ǰַҲԹҪС뿪
СгֵĹɣ̫졣ÿεСʱǹرաЩСгֵٶȺܿ죬һš
ҪȥȱСгֵ˲Ѿ롣
ΣҪܿסɵ
ַͷ
ڣѾһİա
ڶȫõֻǵһЩ鷳ʮĹ۲лٲ֮ǰǰ¶
⵽ܽôﵽ⣬˵ͬܽ


بؾǴ˵бغؾ֮ʥǿߵ̨ͨʥǿ߸ûʸ
10%ĺڶ˺
ַڵλãڶ˺ͬ
ڵʥǿߣ޾ɵģΪȫɡǿߣֹڶ͵۹ٮٮߣߴ۹ϵˡ
1000ʥУֻв300
ڡ
ʲôͭʥˣ
ʥ202λͭʥȻˣ
ôģǡô
˵ǣ

بؾһܡ
ݽϵʥǿ͸¶ѾبؾЩʥʥʦ͸¶ǡ
߸بؾϣ
δɡ
ޱȡ
̽ʥǿ඼ĪʥɻĪǰϾؾԶֹһ
һΣӳڶʱѹ£ԡȤʥԽԽࡣ
ԽأĴڼֵԽ
һǴԵ



1378 
بؾھʮꡣ
ʮ꣬ÿһǿ߶ԶһλԵĻԵͬʱҲĻԵӳڶ˥ڵڶ׶ΣעѾܽӽ
޷Եлʲôôӳڶһ
ΪˣÿһߣʥʥڣΪ֮˳ȥΪûʲô£11Ԫûʲôͬ
˵ȷЦˡ
ģһǿߡ
һεʣԶԶ߳ɣﵽų֮࣬ȻвΪϵ߽Եʡ
ɼҵĳ̶ȡ
ǽĵʱ֮ǰڳʥߣʥǿȫɱۣĻ˵ʲôΣղΣգʱ
Ҳµĵطۼʥǿߣ
һͨ
ֻҪЭ˼棬һܷĻԵ
ʱͣзһ³
ʥǿˡ
еߴ۹ʥϣڵƬ°ֵ򡪡

ֱΪؾ
룬

ʱַ壬λһڰ֮أڿУһҲϴһ׺ɫսףһΰĺʯ֮ɽ޷
ϵڼסַǿķ
ʱԿռ״̬
ΪλᣬַҲƴˡ
ͬᣡ
ˣַ
֪ɢַоռ𵴺Ͳ˿Ƭռϱ仯ʱһСΧ֡
ַ֪ÿһСУʵһС
©ˣһһС
©һˣһ룬ɣ飬СһˣΪӳڶ֣ɵĿ
ַѾĴɣʮꡣ
~~~
ΧСУÿһ˲ţַûжһõıһ׷Сн룬֮ûá
ܶΣС֮Уȴֱ
Сдڵʱ̫̣һռͨգôֻлصԭ
Σѡˡá
ԭصȴ
ȻַʱʵĲ࣬
һ࣬Ӱ
ߣСһ㣬˳ܶ࣬Ŀǰڵλãλãҡ
Ǵ硣
һɵĹ۲죬ӦþСгַܼ֮ȴţ֪̽ѰΪ׼
оÿһɲǶܹؼ
ʱ䣬Ϲȥַ֪Χٿһ֡
Ǳ
춴
ַ岢ûжһȫ̴㣬ȥٶʲôã
ȣַȷ
Сеĳ˵ûɣϾһԲȦȦֵļԴһ㣬ȦֵļСһ㡣
ڵλãȦ
ʮСʱڶʮСʱʮСʱ
ַĵȴһδСջ󡯳ַ֣޶ãȴԼһλᡣ
ż
ģܻ
ɳʱһٸСʱڵʮСʱŻᵽ߷塣
Ȼ
~~ַɲ˲Ϣ۶롣
ԲԶһСг֣С¶ǣַǽ룬ٶȱ¡
ǵصϷٲйַо顣
ȣڼ޾âַþȫƿϷȥƺһâоبؾϢٿء

һޱȾ޴ĳַؿһƣֱӱ䡣
ǰȹ£رգռʧҲ֮ʧַǿֱСС
̤
ַվסؿڡ
ڷڣ嵹ûʲôˣڼ׻ϵֵסеɺ˺
ȴʧˡ
ǲСַѾܿ죬ϴʱκһζҪ죬ľҲģо֮ңĶˡ
ôһʱ䣬ܳ˷˵뿪
һǲһ㡣
ʱ䣡
ַ岢δµʮСʱδ߷壬Լһлᣬ֪Ĵɢַܿҵµһ
һΣ൱
ʮСʱǳɹáһΣٶһθ죬ʱ̣ȴһ
ʧܡ
Ƕֻôһһƫƫǵ֮ԿԽ
Сַ˫üͷš
ȷǰСУڵʵҲ޷ϰ뿪СУξ˵˵ȴҲ̡
պã֮⡣
ҵٶٿһͺˡַ֮ݡ
Ѿļޡ
ô죿


1379 ڳ
һ취ַһѰµ֮ء
ʼţ޾֮·
ϸεʧܣַ峢Ѱͻƿڣ򵥵һ취ٶȣôЩ춴УҲûٶȵı
УϣҲ
ˮַۡ
˳ˮֻ
϶׾ٵ뿪Ϸ˵ڼգͳȴǴŵģһЩĲʹʧܡ
ؼ̫
Ϊ˳̫ǧ
ַҡҡͷϿУʵȴĽϵǶ⣬ںڶͲֵһˣ˵֮
ǿǿռ䷨
ռ䣿ַ뵽⣬ٿһ
ˣռ
Կռ·ôַԺ˲Ϣģ棬ӳڶյĿռ˿֡
ֻҪ㹻Ŀռܵɴĸã
ԣû
ҪȫֻҪܺȥһҾлСַȼϣѪкɫڴʮĿռ䲻磬Ҳͬǻˮɺӡ
ٵȴ
һΣַĸ㡣
ʱʱǹȥʮСʱ
ʮСʱʮСʱ
ᣬԽԽã
һһִַŶᶨȫС
ֻҪһλᣬܰס
~~һСоַǰ״֣߾룬ռ֮ʱַѾ٣Сгֵĵһɲǡ
ž
ַ̤롣
ȣӿĿռַӿǿɱȿǿĶ࣬˲ıַѹɣ㼲
͸һУ
ϣڼɢԺɫâַϣǿޱȣſռӿַȻǰԽԽڿȴ΢΢СԽԽխ
ƣַȻ
սӿֳ޾ӿռַǿִţӲһͨһ·
~~~
ַӰգս߿
ԵǿսҲޱȿܣַʵǸبؾʱ̩ܵɽڵַǰ붯֡
ڳˡַ峤̾һ

С뿪˲ʧӰַս˸оޱȵ⣬ʮ꣬Ǹĵطȷʵơ
ҵǣõı겻١
ҪСгֵλԶ㣬鷳ˡַ尵ҡ
ƾڼףռĵҲǸպ뿪֪µַ¶Цݣһȥ
ʥ֪Ŀࡣ
룬ӳڶܻų
ϵδй


ʱŰ֮һޱǱΪ׵һźɫ׵ӣϷӡһֻ׵ͼǰʥʢλʥߡ
ʥߡ
һĿɽ׳˶ţ˾ͺһ޴ʯ
һŵɫŮʽףõɫսѥüۣഺ˿毺¶ȴǻźͲ֪롣
ʥ´ͽܡʥߡַʦ㡮ߡ
ʦʦִبؾʮ꣬ͻƳΪλʥߣʥǡ
λʥǱ
ΪǶϵģبؾʥɱġɡ
ɣȫ⣬ϾɵַΧټĵ˵ֵһᣬ
ˡ
ˣʦǱҲиУ߷ɷף
ǰʥߺʦʥһУλʥ֮Ҳֻǿֵסĺˡ
ʥɫѿ
һѾ쵲סС
ɡ
Һʥߣ֮¡ʥ߸еһ˿ΣʱɲѡҪʱֻܽܡ
ɶ񣡡ʥ߿ΰܵͺȻսᴿ˷ƵĹ
ľôȥԩ
սؾбɱҲҪڶ£Ϊӳڶ֡
ͬɫףŸճΪλʥûá
֮£ûܿ⡣
ʥǿߣµУҲ˵ֻλʥߣʵǿҲֻλʥߡ
ˣ
и֡
ۿвϿǿſѪڣĸоУĳ䵽˹ȵס
ڴʱ
䣡
һֱľ˵



1380 ˶ʤ죡
֮ռ𵴡
һ֪ʵǱѰʥߣʥߣͬʱоɼǿĽ٣һƬڵ翪һȴš
ǿĵȻ૵
ͬһ˿֮ߣԸоߵ֮һ涼й֮޲ϵʥж⣬ҲǾ̾
þ˵ʥǿߣʥ߿ΰһϲ
ԭΪһˣû뵽ͻȻɱһʥǿߣӳǾǵġ
~~
ʥ߿Ц
䲻֪˭ǵһԼˡʥʮʥҲû
䣡
ǿĵֱȡɿռ䣬һźڼ׵Ӱںʥ֮ǰһӭǿްУеĵѣ׵罻ӣƷǷ
£ʥߵһ
ۼ֪ʥǿʵһֱ׷ɱǵУһƿ
ǡռʥ߾档
ضǿĿռǵһμʵս֮ϡ
һ˫۾ˮģĿתĶǰӰüë΢΢̣ǹһĨ˻ȡ
ţ
䣬Щԡ
ıӰôôϤ΢΢һŮӵĸоϸһ𣬡⣬ʦܵ޵ô
ߣѾַ׵ޡ
ɴڼǿеս׵磬ǵΣȫͼеһģһʹգգۣ¿ǵɴ
һģһ
ɣؼ
ԺиֳһӰǰĺڼǿغϡЩȻʦʥߣٿؿڵʦս
ս
ֹʥһԵʥҲһ㶡
ĿⲻԼͬǰĺڼǿߣеĵǡս
ʥŴ죬𺧲ѡ
Сͽܣ
ʥߵɴ۾ѿڶʱ䣬ַĹǿ֮ͣ񷣡
ÿһŰħ
ÿһȫ
ÿһѪռ֣
ַ壬սȡ
ײʦʦʦ㣬ܼȡʮǰˮϺӣʮѾ㹻ʵȥ
Եɡ
䣡䣡
ַսÿһιĲ٣ոܴӳڶƳս֮
ɣܿ¡
Ȼ˶ʤ죬ַһֱ

ַ޵ϡ
ŷɥУַһ֮⣬ȫѹסС
ַ壬̫ǿ
ٷ򣬰ħ̸ַ֮屾һ㣬Ȼ֮ΪδΣ򣬸һ
ʦܡ
СͽܿһΪ˱بؾû뵽ԼһˡΪʤ
ʥи̾޳
֪СͽܵǱʣسɴȴû뵽ɵô졣̶ʱ䣬ѳʦ뵽⣬ʥ߱ЦԷǡ
Ϊʦûü̡
䣬սǽ
˫Ŀ۾ֱַ屳ӰǸţоҲܱΪȥ
ǿʥǿ߶ûġ
ȴɱ
û°ɣʦַӰһʦʥǰŴʦʥߺʦ΢Ц˵ͷʦ
û£ֻǺһ㡣ʥ¶οЦݣ۾г˷졣
ͽˣʦĿǴ档
Ҫַ֪ӲУʥʮ˸ʥм
ǾͺáַЦЦ
֮ǰԼԭǸ֪ȥû뵽֪ʦʦ㣬Ҳ
˵Сͽܣ˲ʲôʱͻƵʥߣǡʥô԰ûôǡʥʵ
ǵʦһλʥߡַ
Ŀɻַ΢΢һЦ漴͵֮ܶԿУǿʵ
ʥ˻Ȼ
ռʥǼʶ㡣
ַš
ûпռӳ֣ƾʵҲԱѡ
ʵʦܣȥĸõطˣʵô࣬ʦˣüһʵ
õط
ַʼ磬ЦֻǱˣշųѡ
΢΢һ
Сʦܣʦ㶼ҳŪѡ
ġַε
һɶйʦûѧô˻ܻ˫ֲ
ַ壺
ȷʵе˼
֤һ£ûʲôǲܵġ
˶ʤ죡


1381 ϵǿ
ַ屣£Բڻ¡
ʥߣʥ߼Ǽʶַľʵͬλʥߣ֮𡣺֮Ҳסɣַǰ練ơ
λʥߡʥ߸̾ѡ
ţַ
ɺʦʦʦһؾ
ϵҲֻоŸλʥߣͽʮˡʥߵλʥߣѾʸʥ񡣡
ʥʲôַʵ
ʥߵߴ۹ֱ׫ģܽبؾʥǿߣܹ288λ͵۹ǿʥͬʱҲǰʥͷ񣬱λʥλ
񡭡ַૡ
ѹֵðʥò˥ǿǿ˭ɵ֣
ǰλ˭ַ
ʥߵڵڶλ۹Ĺʥѹͷһϯλ
ʥַ廹ǵһš
Ͼʥʱж̣֮ǰʵʥ߶ԽӴЩ
λġ˭ַ
򿡣ʥߵ
ַĬ˼飬ʵĸ۹
ʥҡҡͷ֪Ҳأʥǿ߼Ķ٣ֻ֪ʵɲ⣬նɱʥʮʥ
ޡַ֮ݡ
ϵǿߣʥ
ߴ۹ʥǧλʥģʥеٮٮߣնɱʮʥǿߣʵȷ£
ʥǿƽһٽǡ
ƺַɻ󣬺ʥߵʥϴبؾʱģʱڵŽ۷춴ʥһ֮ʮʥնɱʮ࣬شȡ뿪
ҲǱΪܳԽʥ뿪ӳڶǿߡ
Խʥ
ҲǺƿߡַ֪
ķϾϡ٣Եߵ֮
ûƾʵͻʥ뿪ģϵʷҲеġ
~ʥˬʵ˹ʦĽСʦճɾͱزʥ֮¡
ȻʥдԺַ壺λʥʱͽʥճɾʥǿߣʥǰʮǰʮλ
ַʱж̣δǱпڡ
ֻϧ
ʥ̾һʥҲ¶ϧ֮ɫСʦ֮ţ㹻ʱ䣬ûлԵõϵҲпܳԽʥ
ʣ11Ԫͨ˵ϵǿڶǿ˵ֻǵָһ˲ԽԽķʱ䣬ĸ൱֮ѡ
ʱ䡣ַ嵹̹֮Ȼ
ʥ΢΢һʣʱѾ࣬ʦ㻹ȥ򣿡
ַͷнʮ꣬ʱܳԣ
ȺۻۣʥǿߣԲԸʶһϵǿǣַ˵
ӳڶͻȻѣʱҪʥüͷ΢΢
ʦģͽеյġַ
Լ޷ʥǿÿ˲ưٷ֮һ֪꣬ǿֻҪЩĲܸ֪ӳڶҲһʱΣԼȫü뿪
ҪǣԼЍڼףƾҪ뿪ӳڶԡ
ڼײԼ
ðɣΪʦҲﲻʲôҪСġʥĳסˣ죬ʵǲЩλʥġɶЩϹ
鷳҅ˣ㡣
ַš
ʦʦֵַȥʦߣйϵеɾʦ㣬Լʦкʥߣģʦߡ
ַ֮μͷ
~ʦͫһ
˴ɣصıΪʵҲճΪλʥߣʵδȹ̡
Ҫˣʦ㡣ַ
ô죿ʦ΢΢һȣ漴Ȼʦ㻹ûлľ֮ء
ַһЦʦʲôʱôˡ
һ˲˫ֲ첻ƤǰɣҴ򣡡˵ţ˸һšƲƲ죺ڴ򲻹ˡ
ַ΢ЦԶҵʦ㡣
ᵭһ仰ȴǱУõһףƨ
ַһЦ
йâһʦߣһץ˲ʱоһӴķ֮üﲻѡ
СС⣬ʦ㲻Ҫַܾȥ
ַȥ΢΢һ¶һ˿жοû뵽̶꣬СʦѾɼˡ



1382 Ԫǳ
ַ壬뿪ˡ
Ȼǰ򣬶Ƿصڶ򣬽ȷҪַ˵ҵˮϺͬҪ
ʱѲ̽Եʯδѣ֤˰Ȼ
Ϊ˴̫Զϵϡ
֪ôˣʨûм鷳ַ仹Щģ˵ʨ̣Ϊ̫ӣͬΣա
ۼƽѶ
ڵٶȣһҲ˶ʱ䡣ַѸʩչšռ˲ơÿʥ߶ķֱӱʩչ
ַõĺɡ
ȵٶȷɿˡַӰ֣ÿһ˸ǧ֮һ̶꣬ɲǱ˺ö·
ǽʥռ˲ٶȸ졣
ǼҶܾϲ
ַһЦ
بؾĲսͬ㡣

ַ廹ǵһ
ֱӴӵڶбеģڶ򣬵ĺڶ˺ɸǿַ࣬˵ûκθо
ҵ˺ܶࡣ
ϵʱȣδＫޡ
ַоõ
Լ߿ռ䡣
ļʱΪѪľѣʹﵽȫޣ֮ͻƽǳԽãԽһַ
ʶڰǿ߲ΣͬߵΪ춴ֱܱĺǿ
ҵɺѪħ
ӵаս֮ͬ
ַд㡣
ȷ֮ǿ󣬵ԼѪʱĺڷˣǿĲǷҲԼصศɲ
⣬ϵĻ춴Ҳʱûˡַеս
Լϣսûʲôرϵġ֮ǰ޷ϻ춴ڲͬԼĹ֮Ͱħ֮Ѹ
սкܴǿռ䡣
ϽڵڶнԪ顯ǳ֮أʱȥַһЦϵıǴӽɽϴٻһ
ָǧٹ֣
ÿһƷ춴֮ϵĴڣɣǺܺõļֶΣһЩƷʲصı̭

ৣৣৣ
ַ岻ϵĽ˲ƣ֪ܣһҪѰصڶ·һҪʥ߰æ
ʦط֪·ߣֻǴŷλ廹Ҫˡ
еַٰ⣬֪δҵһʥߣͷ·ʧƵģ֡
ѵʮȥɢɢˣ
ǡĲˣ
ַ
ƽ߳ɵʿɲǿЦģһεبؾĻᣬʥɱĻһЩ

磬ܻġ
ַ岢ż
ʵ֤ȷˣٴнַǸ֪˵һ࡯ļǿߣҲЩ⡣
Ͼֻϵǿߣ١
ͨ۹ꡮŰɫӣͷϰŰײ˫ֱ۲Ű˿۹ı׼硣
ǵġַͷ
⡭Ҳֻ֪ŷλλòΪѵ
ַʧ˵л֡
ÿ֮͡ٿһģ֣ԶǡԪǳŲʥߣŶ֪·
Ԫǳ
ַ죺ǳԪйأ
ЦǰɣڶҲпԪǳǿԡԪ顯Ϊ㵥λ۱֡
ַȻ
ǽסԪ顯ĵط
ԼʹȥЩûʲôõıۣȡһЩԼҪġ

ַǰԪǳ
벢ԶǶܿռ˲Ƶʥ˵һ·ϣַӲҲ֪࣬ԭԪǳһ
һڵڶһڵ
һ˵ССֵĶڵڶ򣬺öڵ۸Ҳܸһ㡣ַԼѡȻȥԪǳ
պãͲ顣
ȥģ
ַͷЩûõͭеĻͻûҲνأ
ˬһЦպ෴ȥġ
ޣ
ַ֪Ҫʲô
ҲǺþ¡ʼ磺ԪҶǣֻϵģʵеҶˡ
ô̵ʱ䣬۷춴Ҳûá
ַһЦ
ĳǸ󣬾ͨߣоֹ֪һ
֣ĲЩ춴Ԫ֮ġױϲУϡŹ֮
ԣЩֵֹıҶϲ
ֵֹı
ַһ
ʮԼò˺ܶġ


1383 
˵ˣַ岢δ۵Ĵ㡣
Ϊ֪ʱԽϡŹ֣ԼʶıԽߣĿǰкܶ࡮ûֵı
Ƕ춴㳬ʮ֮ࡣ
ȥϵϵϵʮЩ˵缦ߣʥʥǿ˵޼֮
ʮۣԪջ񲻷ơ
ǰˣ֡˲ƣڲͬ£ַܿԪǳר֮
Ԫǳ׵׼1Ԫ飬ҲһλԪ顣
ֻһƷǿ춴
Ҫ֪ʥмҵδ1Ԫ顣
ַ֡̾
֮ǰ˲ҲδӰȴǧƣȥ͵۹۹Ұ۹ߴ۹֮ʥߡ
ʥǿҲ١
Ԫǳˣ֡òһЦ뿪بؾҾ͸ߴ۹Ҫ۾ˡ
ԣʥ߻ʥǿߣףʺԼı
ַͷ
֪ȥǣǣʵ
𣿡ַʵ
΢Ц飬
ַȻ
ҲǣǺܶ߶ԿԪͷԪȤ
һԣǵı̶ȸʱ۷춴ܶϡŹֵıڶǡ
õıԲԼǮۣ
׼ȥģַ
´ҵϰһȥǣȥǣΣ
νַһЦ
ϾһоḻĲŷܶࡣ

ԪǳһΪǣμ
һƬɫĲԭɽˮ൱ױ߻Ѱһ֮أһ顮ʯ
ʯԪǳʯͷûʲôرôȴܳסЩԴ
ϵĵһҵ
һʲôʱģַʵ
ǰ˸غ֮ÿ궼һˣǷʲôȤıá
ַ΢΢һЦ
ӲȻƣʥ߽بؾƴѰҶķΨǣƺһҲġ
ҪôǸںӳڶ
Ҫôһ˶һ
ߵĿԣһЩ
ৣৣ
˺ܿһ֪ڣַĿʯʯϸдһּͨ
ط򣬶춴
Ը춴
վ硣
ַԶһִɫ󿳵ӻɢһɰΪһ壬һһʽǿ̰ء
ģʮһؼޣֻδ֮
Ԫǳһٽ׻м˷ʱ䡣󶼻дʯϣΨгʱ˫Ż̸ֽ
ַͷ
߰ɡƳһʯ˵
ţַ΢
һطĶ춴ƷҲ50Ԫ飬ڶȫõ˷ʱ䡣
ַ漴Ȼ춴ףֵǲ50Ԫġ
ͬĶ춴Ʒ10Ԫ飬Ʒ20Ԫ飬Ʒ50Ԫ飬Ʒ200Ԫ顣һֵȫá
ͷߣȥһ

вḻַͬܿѧܶ࡮֪ʶԪǳ˽ࡣȶǣǵġҡ࣬Щı
ȻҲرõı硪
Ʒ춴
֮Ʒ춴˲°ټҵıַҵһҺģԪǳĿıΪˡ
ֻȡڰ֮Ʒ춴
ʯϵַüͷ΢΢һء
ֻһƷ춴Ƿϵģڰ֮Ʒ춴УƷġûС
ٷ򣿡΢΢һɡ
֮ǰַڰħıǰͣΪַ԰ħ̤֮ĺڶڿȴǹٷ
ط򶼸СɵʥߣС
Ͱ֮ôܹ棿
ɻ󣬲ַ壬۹֮֮һҪʲôʲôƸˣǻ
Ѱʥߣһ۱ܿʵΨַ塭͸
ԣַҲĽύ
ַͳΪλʥߵģѾָھһبؾлǵС
˵İɣаૡ
ͰȻķܹ֮档



1384 Ψ춴
֮ٶȺ
ˡ
ַԹ֮˽⣬ڸ͵ıʵսܲǿóս߶ԣǸ
֡΢Цк
֡һ׳Ц˹
ַһ˳ֵȻϤ
һ£λ֣λ̸ֹ֡ǵ壬ַ׳ӡ֣ڲºܿʶ
ͬ۹ʥߡ
ʵϣߴ۹ͼǹ󣬿ڶ࣬ʵйɿѰ˵͵۹۹۹õ۹ռ99%
۹ǿɡ
Ұ۹ȫħǿߡ
۹ȻҲ࣬Ȩħ壬Զ϶͵۹۹󻧡
֣Ҫĺڰ֮Ʒ춴ûСַʵӦ֪Ʒ춴ǺУֻһ
漴ַȡΨһǼϵļƷ춴
üͷ΢΢һء
⡭¶Ϊ֮ɫ
ͬǶƷ춴ֻҲԿѾȻһ񣬻һƷ춴תأȰ
һһ˫Ҫ⣬ѡ
ԥŵ֣Ĳֵһ飬ʶһѣֶΪ
Ǻðɡãɿڡ
һһӣһύһλʥߣ׬һ飬Ҳ޷Σ˵ʽײ
ǾͶлˡַһЦ
Ԫǳûã㻻һƷ춴ջ񲻷ơ
ַлͷ
ɿڣ˲
ֹ˻۱ʥǶ࣬мֵзַʵģȴ޼ֶַһһħϵƷ춴ǿ⡣
ڲһʴʲôû
Ͼʲôȫ
û뵽۷춴УƷġַ̾ȴǴۼ⣬Ļ춴٣۷춴ȴǵһΡ
۷춴ãʥǿ߲ʹã޷ϣ綥춴ֻмϵʥǿߣܷ۷춴
ַĿ΢ʥǰеЩ
ͷҶʥʹ۷춴ͱȱ˸ˣǰҲ
بؾҳᶥϵ֮⣬۷춴ˡ
Ŀǰʯ̾ϧֻϵ¾ٹҲδܺ
ϵĿǰ˵ۡ
˭뿪ӳڶ
ʵãװǿôҲ
۷춴ǴԵģ˵ÿȴáֱ֮ûЧ
ַһЦ
֮۷춴ϲʵύס
ͷɲ򵥡ַ尵⡣

ǣַͲ漴תսǡ
뵽ǻԾΪڶܼһЩϡŹֵĶؾлãȴֲ֪ôá
һרע·ʡĲַҲд㡣
кܶ࣬ó̫硣
Ȳ궫ǣʱȡ°빦ۻҵһ̯λַҲǸ̾ࡣ
ʵۣҲǿࡣ
λԪ飬1Ԫ顣
λԪ飬5Ԫ顣
λԪ飬30Ԫ顣
Ԫ飬100Ԫ顣
ַԼҲһſԪ飬Դ󲻴󣬿Ԫ֮вƿռ̲ؿռ䷨򣬵ھҪ򡭡粽̫
ҪٷԪͰħԪ飿Ŀ΢΢һоȡ
ַͷ
ͬķԪ飬ͬĸ
նˣԼ򣬱ϾԼķֻСɣҪΪʥǿߡҪɡ
ÿһ㶼ѡ
˵ȥķԪ鹩Ӧ̣λԪ飬Ԫ鶼С
áַӦ
Ǹˡ

ķԪ鹩Ӧ̣һȺ塣
ʮ߸ǿɣͳǵʥǿߣרŸԪ顣ϵķԪൽ塣
Ҫ۶춴ӴַһʵŵŮӡ
ʥߣ衣
ǵġַӦ
ʲô࣬Ψ춴ࡣ
óɡƳַһۣԲΪͻжٶ춴Ŀǣַ徹һһ߰˳
ʮ
ʮ
ʮļ
ޱȡ
Ƕ춴ʲôʱˡۡ
Ҳɵۡ



1385 Ե
23ʥַ壬һ˿ء
һó23춴ģԷµµַ֮ɫҲǲͬȴû뵽ַ塮ҵס˷
ܹ450Ԫ飬λֵҪԪ黹ǿԪ飿ʵ
ٷԪ飬ħԪ顣ַ
Եȡͷ
ûһǻ15ɫͬķԪ飬йٷԪ10ţħԪ5š
˼ħԪȽ١
Ϊħôַ
ħİ֮رã֤һЩħǿ߶ĥ֮Ϊս
ԣħԪ˵㡣
ͷ֪СֵܶһԪкôǹ򶥼춴Ԫǳȫı
ַһ
һԲЦ˵֮һԿ䡣
ȽһĨЦݣǲһ˶춴֮⣬ǽûм۷춴
ǽõģϡ٣ʵߵĸ١۷춴ʵ
һ۲
ߵ۷춴ַ嵹Щ档
ߣȷ١
Խ󣬽Խѣ쐻޵ȫûĿ֮꣬·ѣȥ
ߣҪӴҪ֧ţҪ쐻޾硣
̫ѡ
ַʦµı䣬쐻޺һ˳ûԴʯĴ澧֧֣˵̺ڶϵٲά衣
⡣
յȫͬ
ʦֱķ˴ʱ䣬Ž纣ͻ
ҿһ𣿡ַ裬΢ЦĲһ䣺Ǽ۷춴
΢΢һâڴСֵȤ
ַ˸ģɵĴ𰸡
ãԵȡ跼һӰ漴ʧ뿪
ַ壬Цû뵽ؾĸߣѹҲоֵʵ
ַһЦ漰˲֣۷춴֪٣
Ǽӡ౦ʱһʱ۸Ӹ߲£˶޷ãԽ˼ߣֵҲһٽ
ʼ3000Ԫ飬2500ٵ20001500ѽ1000Ԫ顣
൱Ʒ۷춴ֵ
3000Ԫ飬1000Ԫ飡
ַꡣ
ԭƷ۷춴ֵ罵һףҲѹ֣߱٣ʵϵĸ֮١
ֻ
1000Ԫ飬Ҳ𡣡ַаૡ
Ŀǰֻ450Ԫ飬ĿԪ飬Ҳ550Ԫ飬ԶҲû̫ϣϾĿǰ츳֮Ϊڶû
ЩԶ
ܿ졪
֮趯ʱǰж˸Լһɵľᡣ

ַĿǾᣬٿ֮ɫ΢΢һ䡣
ָоϤ
ϣ
~~
ַ徫һŵĮ侲ı飬Բ˿ʵ迴ɾӣҪ軨ѼĴۡ
ҿôַ
΢΢ԥһ£ĿƳףӦС
ַ忴Ҳ⡣
һûв֮ͽֱ˴ߣҲǲܵ£Ͼ۷춴ļֵʤʮʥֹ߲
ΪǮƣյ˶ǡ
ৣ
ַ򿪾ᣬһƬĹ죬һ⾳ԶĻ֮а飬·Գһ磬ǻһ
էһ㽫ַ𶯡
һֺĸо
ڻУ
ԵַԴð֣ȫȷ
ԺԵ
㲢ϣȵ츳֮굽ڶʱҲһʵ۷춴1000Ԫ൱ˡ
~
ַһۻ𻭾ü΢Щʧ
վϣܰ۷춴ȥҲ֪Ⲣһ׵£ǽûǡû١Ҳ800Ԫ顣
֮2000Ԫ飬1500Ԫ飬1000Ԫһֱ۵ȥ
ǺԽ
׼ջػٿһȻ
۷춴Ȥ
˵ַ壬ЩȻԱߵĲҲһ£֣Ѿã1000Ԫ鲻ֵ
֣ٺ
ַЦЦ
Լ֪ôڣԼһæ
ôǲ־öԪʣַĿƳ˫˸ҲǸˣ˲ʱȻ࣬500Ԫ
ʲô
ɴ۾ŭֱӲ



1386 
Ҳ룬ֱӾܾ
Цʱǽǳû٣Ҳ800Ԫڵ500Ԫȥ
Ҫ300Ԫ飡
һƷ춴Ҳ200Ԫ顣
ˣɾûˣҿǺòװҵһҡ۷춴ѾټԪȥ
ڣʥߣʥǿҪʱҲûΪʲô
Ϊֹۡ
̸̫ϡ٣Եñ࣬ѡȨ࣬Ͼ߲һߵıͨá
۷춴Чδؼ϶춴
οǼӡ౦

ַŰޡ
Լۣ㣬켣Ԫǳָƣɫһһ죬ʱüʱ򴽣ȴԾ
ַһЦ
˵ģԼ۷춴ֵֻ500Ԫ顣
ǿ۷춴
мҲУƷ۷춴۸Ҳ300Ԫ֮ϣ˵Ʒ۷춴۸3000Ԫ飡
λԵȣҪѯһ´㡣ͷˮ΢΢漴ȥ
תͷַЦЦָգգ۾
ַҲǻ֮һЦĴָ
Լ̸ˡ
Ȼ
ܿ죬ǻһһӢˬŮӣͷڣһĳ춴ϴ͸սףһŶ쵰ӹǰǲӿİˡ
ʥ79λݺʥ
ַͲ˸
ǰŮӣǵǰõ۹øʢ
λ硯һ800Ԫã500Ԫȷʵݺʥдŵ𵴣һָ߾λĸо
΢΢ݺʥɣǳҪ700Ԫ飬ҿ100Ԫ齫ǣȨѡ
ҡͷݺʥⲻôģ700ԪóȥҲּۻۡ
ӳڶѾ˥ڵڶ׶Σֻʣ11Ԫ
بؾֻвʮʱ䣬ʱ硯ǴߣһôҲûУ绻Ԫ飬벻
У680Ԫ顣
ɣ550Ԫ飬Ѿǵļˡ
650Ԫ飡

һǹսѼ۸ˡ600Ԫ顯λ
ַʼ磺Ҿ֣ݺʥԸò㿴Űɣ600Ԫʾ򣬲ʡҲνǿ
ڲ600Ԫ黹ЩС
ַ˵ǧͷã˵600Ԫ飬800Ԫ飬1000Ԫ
ϵֻʣ11Ԫôġ
ٲҲܽңڡ
лˣַ֡мĿ漴ݺʥԣͰ600Ԫɣݺʥ
ޣݺʥ
ȴû뵽ǰĻ
ǿ600Ԫ飡
ַ˵600Ԫ黹ǸġͲȻĿУַϷͳ춴600Ԫ顣
졣ݺʥ΢Ц֡
졣
ַһЦ
һʴҶ׬Ľס

絽֣
ַ岢δһʱϣǽȻ֮²ǡʱ򡣶о츳֮ڶʱϣΪѡ
ܸ˽ʶ֣лᶨҪһЦ׼
ֲôɣַЦ
һ
ʱ䡪
~~
ַȡһŲ֪ĹʵɢԹâϵɫģЩѿȴ̺ŷḻ
һ
ûӦǰֳһϸ΢ӣòۣȴǵɴ۾ЩȻϣòǡ
ĹӰɣ

⣬⡭꣬ӲĽ
ĺʥȪ
ʲôȫû
ˡ
òѾ٣ĸ֮٣Ϊ۹֮֮һҪʲôʲôȱ
ϡŹ֮Ǻ棬Ⱥ飬֪ⷽʶƴʦ
ҲδıǾϲ£
ַҲǰޡ
ܶô࣬ɼ֪ʶԨַеǣԼӳڶʮ꣬ûа״
Ϊһɽ
֣ЩҪۣؿֻ۾ڷ⡣
ȻɲѡַǷԸ֪ЩãԲַ廹ŵùģʱɼһ
һӲ౳ߡ
Ȼû⡣Ц
漴һ֪δаˣҲнһıﲻϵãޣַ岻ϵóǾޱȡ
ַĴָٱһ
óÿһֵƣϡ٣һ޶
˲֣оſɫ꣬ϵãַȡÿһŰɫ궼ɢعâĿѣ롣
ȴסˡ
ʮ˻飡ô⣡Ȼַ塣


1387 ļֵ
ʮ˻飿
ַ֮Ŀ¶֮ɫĲɫƶϣʮ˻ǵ֮ԼõֺҲоо
ֿǹ˵İַһۣʮ˻õ۹֮䵽ϡ
֮
ַҲ΢΢һԼſŰɫͷƺЩ
Ҳǻ춴ַüͷһأſŻ顣
ǻ춴һ٣Ȼ춴ߵȣϵʷ֮жǺպߴ۹Զ
޷ʹú߶ʹãϾʵβ̫ࡣ
Ψõ۹ġ塯Ѫܼһ
ַ循̾
Ȼ춴ߵȣߴ۹ʷͬԶ
ʲô
ԽڶǿʹõıַоſŰɫ꣬мƽõ۹֮Ȼͬ졣
ٿһЦ
Цʲôַ岻⡣
Цղݺʥڽãֿ֪ܲڽöõ۹Ļ塣ʮ˻ɢÿһŶ൱һ۷춴
õ۹˵ʮ˻ֵǡ
ָղŻ600Ԫ鹺һ۷춴õ۹Ҫʮ˿ţÿһʮƣ
˫âţš
ʮƣ
6000Ԫ飬һţ
ַ׼Ҳһ
ŵù£ԸԾȶһһŻˮдζ֮⣬ȴһõ۹żģ
Ǿ鷳ˡַһЦ
ãǾʱЪϢҲŤȡһţȥ

˲ɡ
ַŵĹƭԼɲԼǻ飬ȻԵͼ۹ãתõ۹Բ˵ܼ򵥡
ûô
ǮȷʹҲɼһ˵Ʒԡ
ַ֮ǰҲԼȥ顣
һ6000Ԫ飬ʵû㹻ĺ̨ܿϾַţҲ֪ڵʵϵ˵ǿߣвٲࡣ
ҪԵģõ۹
̫Σա
һ̸ֹ͸¶ϢȻں
ַȴ졣
죬ʱȥǹ䣬ʱȥǿӵҲңʱ䣬˼춴ַ˵ϽԪǳġѾɡ
ֻԪȥ
ˣʮȥ֪Ρ
õˣ֣ΥЦַһѸ֪ĵǼЦݣ֪˳ˡ
Ҳ֡һöָ
ž
ַֽӹʶ˲ɨһ
8000Ԫ飡ַһ
ǻ¶һĨЦݣֻһţȻĹ󡣡
ַһЦ
ϡΪ󣬲ּۻԼǼʶġ
8000Ԫ飬޿Ԫ飬ȫλԪ顣ַ壺ʱҪٳۣԷõ۹˳ϲ鵽
ַס
ܹоſţһõ۹⣬ֻǻɡ
ڶų֣õ۹ֻҪһ˳ȥ飬ԼĿǰδбסʵ
8000Ԫ飬㹻ˡַЦʱâһſžӨԪڲ֮ǰ1000Ԫ飬Ҵлֵġ
Լ˸üǮסõ۹Ŀ
ַԲС
ֿˣһʣ¾ǲˡҡҡͷֵ֪ܵҲȱǮÿˡ
Ҫлң֮ǰЩ챦һЩΣ
ȻַЦ
ȻԸԪ飬ַҲǿ
漴㽫һЩ챦͵ĸ˲˾һߣԻһɣһһַͲĹϵʱࡣ
Ƽˮ꣬˽ꡣ
󣬲ڵַǰڶ

ڶ
ѣ
һڸ
ɱô֣ܷŹǣ
һɫüëߣһ˫ͫǽʨ̵ߴ֮һüϣʩ£ʨǿĴѰ
Ƭ򣬷ড
üĴӵۣ⼸ʮϵСһתֹλʥߣλʥߣλʥ߶ɱü
СǴ
Ҫ⼸ˣԺڶ͵۹Ļ棡
ҪˣҪʬһܷŹüŭĿȣλʥߵʵǷ۶͵۹ʥߣһһġ
⼸Сӣ
üĥĿֱ죬ŭġ
Ҫ֮أ



1388 һɱһ
·ַָܿ췵صڶ
Ϥܶࡣ
һ𲢼սؾֻϧ⵽ɣ˼㡣ҵǣø׬ò١
ǾſŻ飬ۡ
ַȤʵǲ򣬸սʶһϵ˵ǿߣõʲô
6000Ԫ飬㹻ʲôʲô
ǼƷ춴ҲֻǾ200Ԫ顣
ʣµģмУ۹ǿ֮籦ģٶԪҲۣƩ۷춴˵۵Ĳࡣ
иӦˡַ֮
ڶԵʯ㽥˸Ӧַܿ׼ȥԵʯϵȴʯ󺣣ˮϺҲһ
Ǿ̫Զ
ֻؾ֮У޷ϵ
ַ尵⡣
ڶֵĿԴһЩƩ統Լ룬޷ϵبؾؾ֮ƵһҲ档
ƽͺáַһЦ
ԵʯһѣҲ˵˰Ȼ
Լ˵õϢ

ַʩչſռ˲ƣܿ쿿ԵʯӦ֮
˺еࡣַĸ֪Ϊɫÿһ˲ƶоΧͬϢԸ⣬ߵĳòܸ֪
Ҳδ⣬һ͵ڶ˶࣬Ԥ֮С
ǰ档ַһٴ˲ƣϢ֪ȷ׼ȷλãһصؾ֮أΧܲϢ̽
оԵʯָ
ৣ
ַӰһһ֣У˫ͫ
ǰһеˮˮһ㱡ľ㣬Ϣˮһϸ΢׶һ㡣
صؾַҲǵһμӵġ
ν룬ٿַɫ΢΢һԶռ𵴣Ӱͬʱ֣ʥĿַ壬͸ž֮ɫ

ַû
죬֪ͨϴ󣡡
ַĿ棬һ۱Ƴǰı־
ʨ̡
̰Ĳʨ̿һֱѰ䡣ַü
ײϣôɣ
ߣ˵ܿ
Ҳڵʮ꣬˺ܶ¡
ַ
ʱ䣬Ӱһֱͦͦĳʨʥǰʥ˲ʱɴ۾ûӦǰ֡
߳
ַ䣬ֱնɱһʨ̵ʥߣжɡ
λʥߣһ
һʨʥ߸ջ붯֣ɲǼʯֱ
Ц
λʥߣղȥֵܣȴλʥߣ
㣬㲻Ҫǽʨʥ¶԰ףɫ󣺡Ѿ֪ͨϣܿǾͻȰ㻹־ܣ·ߡ
ַɫȻ׷ɱǵģ
ǽʨʥһ㶡
ⲻǷϻô
ץôַʡ
ǽʨʥƺû뵽ַ⣬ܵҡҡͷٿطӦǺȵ⣡Ѿ·ˣܿǽץ㣡
˵䣬ռ𵴡
ৣৣ
ʥʩչռ˲ƶռ𵴲Ÿճ֣ĻַЩʥκλᣬȻгǿĸ֪Եﾡá
ַġ͵Ϯ塣
ϱ˿ֲĵλʥ߶һοЩλʥ߶ǿߡ
ʨ̺ܴǿҲܶࡣ
ǿ
ǿʥٶӢŽһ¡ǰַԽʨ̻ЩɵΣʱա
ǲͬ
䣡
ַΪǿԲʨ̰ӣԵʴȾǶԼ̡һһַ˲Ϣնɱʨǿʮаλʥߡ
ң
Ǿǿĵ֮£ַռơ
һ٣ȴκξɫ
һν棬ַ岢δնɱ֣һǿĿ¶һɫս׵Ӱݣ
ǰʨ̵¸Ŀ
𡣡ַ֪
ʨ̵ʥߣߴ⣬ǻˡ
ÿһλʥߡ
Сӣ׼ӱȣ֮ڱԴ֮ӿˮХУǿѹ
ղŵĽ棬ʮ㡣
׼磬ռϷ硣
ȻɲǼȴɫ䣬һµ̫ͼת̫ѸٵСš
ִַսѪȫ
һӵַľʵʥ߼£ѹ׼ӣ
ַ嶯ɾ䡣
д˿˿ŭ⣬ȷƱۡ
ʨ̣뷽跨ѹһˣɱ׼ӣʱһ
Բ顣
һɱһַĿܣǻһƬȡ



1389 
ڿϳô
üһɫһ˫ͫǰ˫šצ֮Ӻײ塣
ϣֵַֻһˡʨʥ
һ
ü۾⣺ûϵץסһֻ󣬻ץסֻʰʰ١
ǳϡǽʨʥ¡
л˵üϲõ
ʨʥɫЩѿ΢ַ̫Ѿʮʥ߱ɱаDڡ
ʲô
üϵɴ۾ɫʱࡣ
ܣļôɱDüϲȻŭֱĴӵۣצ˫ᾣ
ģϣַѾλʥˡʨʥ¶־塣
һȻը
ü˱һƬǿ֣֮͸׹⣬ɱ١
Ȼŭ
ëС
λʥߣҽʨ̡


ˮؾ֮⣬ַȻ
㣬ܣ׷̩ɽվȴһһĽʨǿߵ
һɱһ
ɱһ˫
ַ֪ҪѰҽʨǿߺ鷳Ͼڶλ̫󣬸οʥ߶ܿռ˲ƣⷽռκơ
ãֱӵķ
ַ߳ĵϽӽʥ߼޵ʣʥǿ߶һսʥʵԾʥߣ
ȷֻλʥߡ
ʵѾλʥ߲ΣʹÿռĻ
λʥߣ
ɽʥλϵˣ
Ҫ֪ʨ̼ϽҲʥǿߣֻнʨʥʥ
ҵʨַ̣壬ˣɱʥʱʵŭ𣬷䣬һ˫ͫ񶾺;£˿˿ںޡ
һ˲䡪
ϣ
ݺᣬһϡ
ַĵ仮ͫһɱ⻯ޱߵսеַӲаԥɱʥߵ˲䣬̫֡
~~
ת̣ҫ
Ÿǿռ˲ƳֵĽʨʥߣԴһ±ѱַǣƣҪ̫ӵս֮УʵǿΪ
·ʤ
ӵоԵʵѹƣַȫռ˲ƣ֮ң
ɣ쳹ַһһһ֮УһһĻ춴УַҲ˷ѣֱߡ
еãûá
ʨַ̣ޱ飬ɫĮȻ
յɵ֣㲻壬ʨ̸͸ս
еĵ

ҵĵкܴռ䡣ڲսУַλʥߺһģʵս
ʵս
޵һȡڡһȡڡס
ֻܷӳĲ֣
ַס
ҲΪʲô޷޵еԭ򣬾ĸˣ֮ȴղˣԵ⾳ĺܶࡣ
ڣһʱҪʱҲ
ڵķʺϵıǹϵͰϵĵϵʼѵǴáַ֪Ѫйⰵ֮壬ϵϡ
Ҫ㹻ʱ䡣
بؾرֻʣʮ꣬Ѿϻ춴Ҳδڶʱڳɹӳ
ڵʵ򣬲ռκơ
ȫµǾ͡ġ
ı
ҵйⰵ֮壬ڵĺɫУڹⰵн鼰ϣ֮򡣡ַ尵ĵ֮ռ䷨Ҳ
ûʲôһġ
ȻԼѪտռɫϣΪβԿռ֮
ռ䷨λ֮ϡ
֮˿˿ǣǿռ䷨򡣡ַҪռ䷨λԲλλ趥
֤ϡСλλĹ
ط򣬱ǽ
ҵĿռϣʩչ޵Сַ˫кڴ޷ӳ޵ĵ⾳
ֻҪܷӳ50%Կռ
δػ޵ַʮ㣬֮
ǰռ䲨ַҐ޵ϣӵС֪ȻȲ޵ġ⡯ħ޵ġȴսʵǵ
ʨ̣ĲϢ
ҵҪֶܼã
ַɫȻսٴλӳؾס
Ȼ



1390 
ˮؾһƬԻɫʣˮܲۼ
ƬؾУΣգɺ˱ҵ鱦أھ١ˮջ񲻷ơ
ǴѲк󸣡
֮ʮʵɺСĽһǵһǡΪˣоյĹ˼ʮꡣ
ֱ
ʨ̵ĵ
˱Ͼʥߣ޷ռ˲ƣԺױĿ꣬ӵݣޱ˿
ɱϵߣܻһѻ춴˭
οʨʵ
ֻڵһμսУʨ̶ʵĵ͹˲أѣֱüŭ
С´
֮꣬㿪ʼֹ׷ɱ
˺ܴѡ˶ܣƬˮؾнɹ˿أʮַ㡣ַͨԵʯڣԲᱩ¶
ֻǡ
Ҫصʲôʱ򣬾һδ֪֮ˡ
ս
֣
Ӿϲĺõˮ¶ϲɫϲޱȡˮؾһˮӳˮؾһУء
̫ˡӣỨۿдת
Ȼַ֪ûųǰʱָоݣϤӰʢĻ䣬
ǴһĨỨϲĶǾӳյۼߵ
Ӻ죬ҲЩ
δģ
Сӣˡδ˵ڣȻЦִ֪磬˵
£ɵ˫Լ
ǽʨ̣ˮǻϲַĳ֣һһʨ̵ʥߵҲΪַѺ
ۼʨʥǰͺĵ˽Щסˡ
Уôȥֶߣʨ̫޳ܣóսӽ˫ȭ⼸ʮ˵ģ
û˶ķϵƳӵǱ
ʵѾӽˮϡ
֤չٱ۹;ȷģԽǱ츳ǿߣԽҪĥ
ţֻвϵĥ£ŻŹâ
ǳȥɡ壬ᶨ
ʧȥһΣԸڶΣӮϣַ岢սԿʨ̡
šˮס
ҪһӺͷһ̡
ӶЦ
һ𲢼սѰ֮⡣

ˮؾ⡣
ַսȺۣ޾ɫеսѪһĨռڴַ۾ʯ
ǰһ棬ַĸ֪츳֮꣬ȫģ⵶
Կռʩչ޵бס
Ϊռʵࡣ
ɫеɣޣַ֪Ŀǰʵѵһ·ҳԹ֮֡
·ǿеġ
ռӵмĿԡ
ٿȻ䡪
ž
ַ֪֮ڵʱϤϢ͵ַۣȥӰˮؾеĳ֡
Ϥӣˣ
ৣַ϶¶ϲɫƽ˵ջٶԪ鶼ģǰ˹ۣٿȻַüͷ΢΢һš
֪Уռҵ𵴲
κһζҪǿң
ޣַ˫һԽǿҵζԽĿռ˲Ƴ֣սַʱҲ˲ˣʱӰ硣
̾룬ٶȱȿռ˲ҪĶࡣ
ַ岻ֹǿʥǿߣٷСɡ
ǰһʨʥ߿ռ˲ƲŸճ֣ӭ浶Ѵ̹ۣɫ䣬æǵֵͬλʥߣǼ̫ࡣ
ַ壬λʥߡ
϶λʥߣȫѹ
䣡ַɱ˲䣬̫֣̫òƵ˿ռ˲ܣԼ
ʱԼδزá
Ⱥս֮Уٵ̫֮Ȧã̫ȦѱʵӦʱ䣬ַȫһλɱ
߳߳
ɾ䣬ʨʥ߲Ÿճ֣λʥ߱ɱüѪĿŭޱȣλʥһɢư硣
һ˲䡪
ַ壬ۺȻ
һսȼռз֮ѹơһʮȴ޾ɫַæԮˣɴ۾
ӴƣǼϢ
ǰֳǾ˵ޱ
ֲǵɫӰıֻһƬռ䶼Ǿ𵴵һǰһʹâ
䣡~~
һռѣ


1391 ˵Ͷְ
ⲻܣüĿ⺧ѣֹסĲ
ʵλʥߣʨߴ֮һսͨʥǿߣ۹εȶǰ꣬սޱȵĿֲ
ʥӽʥʵ
ʨ̵λʥ߲ҺУȫˣʮһȴӲ飬ɳȥӰˣֱӻȥЩǵ
ѹĹ
ַĵӿռ׵޷·˹Ƶģָʱ䣬ʨΧַһʥߣֻʣüһˡ
ৣ
üϻһ飬һ˫ϵͫ䣺֣ͣ
ַɫȻֱüϡ
΢룬ֻҪüϸҶʩչռ˲ƵɲǣԼܽơ
ַ壬֪ʨʲôüҧɫ
ʲôַ嵭Ӧ
üƤƤ鶯һ£ʨ̻ΪУʹ᲻ϧһд۵ɱ㣬ǽʥ񡭡
˵ôֱַӴϡ

սֱָüϣȫȻ
˵Ͷְɡַݣ쿪ڣҿ㡣һɫַʩչ̫Ȧʱţü֡
㣡üŭǵͨ졣
УƽЪ˹ķŭ
üϣڽʨ̵λߣʥ߰ΪʦΩǴӣ
λʥߣ
ڵģüŭ죬ܹһȽһị̄͸Ѫ֮ɫϵѪ͹ȫͬ
Ѫħ
ÿһʩչѪü϶ԪˣԳǱҪȻԸȫʩչһѪսᶸȻֱλʥߣ
ǿǽӽʥս
ţַ
̫Ȧתüϱǵļ⼤ȫʵͿʥǿߣ֮֮ﵽɡ
з爐ȽһĨХ֮磬ìڷУ춴֮֡
ι
üȫԸһ˫צǺַ塣
Ĩɷ֮磬Ʋۣ֮һ㣬ʵСʥǿߣһСĶҪԴ
дȡüߣȴװַ塣
ֻҪַ岻ܣһᱻڲصĿ¹͸꣬ʱƶϣһٹɣ
ʱַ嶯ˡ
˷ü΢΢һϲֻǵ۷֮ַСìḶ́ۼǲ۵ĺɫս׼˺ѣٿء

صײȴ㲻ַ幥ơ
ܣüϵɴ۾ȫ𾪣Ȼ춴ȫһڸְ֮ϣһ˿δ
ϵ
üϵһȻ
ʱ˿̣ŷַϵսףı֮ǰսۣΪûһʥ˵ַ塣
ϲ󾪣
ãüɫһƬҰס
ֶϵȻǺ£ַʵǿκβַ壡
ʱַ幥ǧһһ
䣡
ַ峢Կռʩչ޵
һ̣һţ̵Ŀռѱȴַ޵Ĺؼ
Ȼսֻ൱λʥߣԸüϴ´ࡣ
ʺĥս
ַ岻³ԿЍڼػ˶ѣѵһʵ൱ֶ֣Ϊ

ƾУӰһѺ
üϵѪ־ãַʤ󡣡΢΢£ķȭɿģʵǺܵǡ
ַֻߣʨ̻ʥߡˮϵ
ղűַشλʥߣмѻָһԪӽַüϣۿַ弴Χٿء
̫ȦУַ幥ǡ
⾳ˣƸǣһ㺣ʱ𣬽ԭƾеľƣü⣬ʧ롣
һ춴Ʋַķ
˵ֹĵ
ַĵоͬ
⾳ֻԴԵԴַġġַ뵶Ϻ;磬սĥУδ޵У
ģȴͻ˵Ľޡ
ģʮأ
䣡֮񱩾ˡ
ַٲ飬޵ȻȫѪ۱ǣʮصĵĸǼսȫַ硣
ûпռڵͬѾ޽ӽλʥߡ
һұģУüϲʵ˲ʱ㱻ĵиƬһʧ



1392 Ҫɣ
üһʨʥ߶ɢ
ַ岢δֹҲ޷ֹЩλʥߣ򱾾һпռ˲ƣɱѾȫɱ
ڵδʵ
ץüϵĻ춴Уַȫں䣬ǽʨʥı
ʥǿΣ
ԼͬҲλʥ
ңֻԽԽǿ
ʨ̰ݣôʹǲַкں
ߴ۹ҲԸһʥǿߡ
Ϊʲô
Ϊץ
ʥǿҪ뱨ǣ޹ңɰһ۹췭ظ
ַ֣壡
ӣˮϲõĸ˹ʤЦݣԭַ干ǿУͬ
뵽ַʵǿزһ֮ŤתǬ
̫ˣ
˵֣һʧʮ꣬һ־ѾλʥˣȻЦϲ
ֹλʥߡˮϵЦüλʥߣѾãѪʵλʥߣַ
սλʥߣλʥߡ
û´ɣ
ˮַ壬кο
ǿַһ·ɳġ
ɡַ岻ÿɷһЦ
ĿɨˣϣܾЩһ΢΢죬ټģ
Ҷû°ɣַˣĿȴϡ
Ӻˮ΢΢һ֪һЦ
û£֣е¡գգ۾Цʱʹ۵ӸǽΣ纬ʢʻǰˡ
û¡ҿַ塣
ַЦЦ
û¾ͺãߣطϢһ¡ַ
Ӧʡ

ʮ겻˵Ļ
ԾǷḻŮʵȲַС׼ף֤һϻ
Σգͻ档
ڼףȻҸûַ巢ģûЍڼףԼӳڶ֮С
ٺ١Ӳ˼ԴʱҲûôࡣ
ַЦöΪᣬǵһ
ˣȴůʹ
ԼΪǸǣֺγأ
һ˵ֵ۷弫Ʒ춴й֮ϾӳڶڼΨжܱ뿪
ֵԲ˵
ĵĿ˺þáˮָĵʮҶûЦ
ʱõո糺죬ԾĵСԴ
ԲôҵˡַǸ
ôô˵ˮ񣬵ַȣУبؾʥǿߣмӵѣ
лֹӾ̧֮ͷ
ôַЦЦ
ԣʲôӴȤЦлⲻҪɣʱ䣬ֹˮ϶һ졣
ӣ

һˮ漴ȡһöָ
ַһȡָһˮģƷ䳲֮ǰˮؾΪ񣬾ͺ档
ǣַˮϡ
ˮˮϵڵڶջ񣬿ɱСһſţֵǲƣЧͬԵʯÿһŶֵǡ
Ƿֳķݣÿһݴżֵ120Ԫҡ
˽һЦ
εջ񣬺ܷʢ
ķ120Ԫ飬480Ԫ飬ڵڶջ˵ǶģǵҲδرȵϡ
Ҫ֪һƷǿ춴ֵҲ5Ԫ顣
һƷ춴ֵ50Ԫ顣
ˮÿ˶ܹƷ춴ļƷǿ춴ʵΪʥߣ춴ȱ
Ҿ͹ˡַЦ
漴΢Ц£ַ˫ֹâʱһԪ֮ǰ֮Ԫ飬֮Ԫ飬طԪ顭
֮λԪ飬ѻɽ
ˮϣʱɴ˫ۣȫϢŮ촽Ӹǿŵһŵļ
300λԪ飡
ÿһλԪ飬ֵ30Ԫ飡
8000Ԫ飬ҷ˰ɡַЦͶұ8000Ԫ࣬һŻļֵԼϣ8Ż֮ࡣ
ʶһԵַ֣Ӳġ
ԲУǺˣͷҡĸһ㡣
㸶õĽǲաˮַ壬ɫЩԪ飬ûˡ
ֹӣջȥɡ˸ǵȵģЩԪ飬ǲʲ֮ǻƲԼġ
ַ廹Ҫڣˡ񡯵Ŀ£Ψա
ԼҲ֪˵ԸȻ¡



1393 ҵľƣ
Ҳԡַ˶٣ɣǸѡһЩʺԪطģҲ˷Ԫ飬ڶʱڶ
ǳԥˣַⶼãǲҵԼˡ
˻һۣӦС
Ǻðɣüšˮϵ
˲δãÿŷԪ飬ַ廹˵ȴܡڶŷԪ㹻գ򣬴رԴ֮ż·ƽ
֮ʲô㣿ʵ
ˮĿҲ
Ҵ򡣡ַ

˵һ
ǿبؾĺģΨʥǿ߷ɽ򣬵Ǻڶ˺ﵽ˵10%
ϸһ£漴Ȼ
ַɶܵס10%ĺڶ˺û⡣
ڵʵȷܽ
òһبؾûһڵġַһЦ
ðɣӳһλԴ
򶼲룬ַ徹ȻѾܽ򣡾ڲ֮ǰսʱǻƾУƴ
ڡ
ַ壬Ѿ׵ӰҲˡ
˱ˣ˰
Ҳã˵ˡˮУһâ

ַһˮϡ
߸بؾϣˮ˵˵بؾϵؾˣڵֱΪؾ
ûһʥ߽룬ܻų
ԣؾһգδ֮ա
ֱӳڶ˥ı£ʥǿգߴ۹Ҫؾһ
ַУ˫Ǻ档
ؾ
Ǵôַʵ
Ҳֻ˵ˮϵΣַҪԼȥ̽ˡ
ַš

֣ڼʱŰɣʱٻҡӵΣ֣һзս׻ࡣ
ллַҲŤ΢Цӵ
ԭӽڼףʹÿռϣڼܷȫԪǳʲô˷ϵ
ֹҪСģоۼĶϵʥǿߡǵ
ַ֪ͷ
Ŀɨˣʲôô
˻һۣˮϵǴ㷵ض͵۹ֻʣʮ꣬̽ѰҲջ˶٣ײϽʨ̡
ַͷ
Լʨ̣˲һ
ȥչأĥ»ۣϷԪ飬ŲǶλʥߡַоȫͬ
׷ַ壬Ϊ˺ƴ
Ϊ֪һΣٸʱ䣬ҲȲַˡ
´ټǿɶλʥˡˬһЦҪŬǧǸˡ
Ȼַ֣ա
һоڲ֮С
ǾɡˮַɫοסǿƽҪ
ǣϽ㡣ַЦ
Ŀ߲֪뵽ʲôС৵һ±Ǻ͸ҧݣҡ
šַ΢Цͷ
ǵԼˡ·仰ʱС̣һʹԴˮȥ
ַӣһ
˵𣬵Ҳߵôɡ
䣿ַüͷšš
ʲôԼ
ˬʶЦַ򣺡ֺøһɣֵֵ̫ˣˣźľơ
ҵľƣ
ַһͷȻ
漴ӱȥȥıӰַҲδ̫࣬ȽһĨЦݡԼ˵بؾ֮УĵĪڽύ⼸λѡ
빲ĺѣ
~~һַ΢΢һ
ؾ
Щڴַ֪ԼڵʵҲΪλʥߣһҪԵģһʥǿߡ
ǿɶǶʥǿߣ
춴ǿߣ
Ϊһ壬ֻҪڣ㲻಻𣬾㱻ƻҲֱӸԭͱǿһȡ
ֻǸʥʵ
ʥʥ֮䣬಻С
£ַд㣬Ӱ漴ǰһڡ
Ũ֮
Լ˴Ԫ鹺Ķ춴۷춴ʱˡ
ڽ֮ǰܵǿս



1394 ֮裿
һ򣬬I¡
ৣռ𵴣ַӰǰ֮䡣ϵ߼˫ʱǰǰ
ǿܿռ˲Ƶʥߣ
ңبؾʮǿߣ
Щϵύһһ˫˫۾͸ޱȿ
һգ۾ûӰˡ
гһգҲҪΪʥߣ򣡡
ϵУžġ
ʱַ壬ռ˲ƺܿ쵽һأӦ·ûڵĸ֪ҪҵҲѡ
~~
ַ롣
Ũַ岻¶һĨЦݡʱԼΪˣһ
Ȼֻ50%ͱһģһ
ȷַʦµÿһÿһؼ൱ãԼԲ࣬Ѿܴ
꣬ꡣ
ҵ츳֮꽫ޣӴ纣ɱ󡣡Щ꣬һֱǱ츳֮꣬ڿڶ
ѷǳӽ
ϺʣµֻĻۣ纣γɱɽ󣬽֮衣˵ЩѶȣԼȴӵм޾澧
֪츳֮Ƿ֮裿ַ֪
ԼѾһΣڶǿһġռ˲ơǵڶ֮أ
Ӧáûаɣַš
Լδ˵

ַܿһа
ʵƻɵִ澧ͻ츳ַ֮꣬ģڵ꣬۷춴
硣
⻭ӡ౦˵ֻͣ600Ԫ飬ʵֵ3000ԪϣҲ۷Ʒ춴ֵ
˵ǿı
ߺ߲ͬʹõĻ춴;࣬Է򡣡þ깥Ԧȵȡ
δóÿһ࣬ϡ
һ㣬߲ͬ
ϣꡣ֪Լ츳ַ֮꣬ģԼԴʯǿ츳֮꣬ԶʥǿĶࡣ
룬ǻ춴εġ
츳֮ԽǿϳɹԽߣԽɡ
ҲԼΪʲôԭͨ޷ʹãΪƷ̫ߣԼθߣ
磬ֻһɵ
ҵʵд
ַյͫ
սַȻӶʮصļһ˿֮ϵַĵ綼Ƕġ
սͻơ
شѾﵽޣʮأ
ȹʮس򾳽磬ʮؼʱ֮°빦ַӵսϵޱȽܡ
ʱȻɣͶ㶼ǵ֮⾳
ʦ
ԣڵĵľ磬ӦÿԸ޵СַۣԺֳ׵޵ģ
һצ㱼ۣ͡
ڶư磬ʯ쾪
޽ǣһＫ£
һֵֻֻޣԾڣϳ֣Ժγɸֻ棬ʯ񵶹µ׵ޣ·˹
ַ֮Ϊ㲻ף˵޵Ѿá
ֻǷΣδǸ׶Ρ
ռʩչʡַѪɫ¿ռޱսַ˫
ȣ

ȹ̵硣
ַ屾ʣһʱ䣬ϻ춴Ҫȥ졮ؼڰϣ졣
ؼϷͨؼʤࡣ
һ㣬ַ
ʦµؼһǼƷֻϵѾӳﵽڶʱ˵
˵ߺȻͬ·ڡؼһζһ
ؼӷս
ѡ
ϵʥ߻ؼ̫ʱ䣬ʱ仹ϻ춴սʵڡ
٣ֱӣ򵥡
ʱ䣬磬ճΪʥǿߡ
ỨʱȥؼΨվϵ˵ʥǿߣЩλʥĳȻڡ
еľӵؼܷӷ
ҵйⰵ֮壬۴ϵǰϵؼ°빦ַڴڴһ֡ںϡؼ
ϵϰϵ
Ѫһ
ؼһ
޵˰ɣַЦЦҲֻ룬ϾһؼδԲûʱ䡣
ϵһ춴ɡַͷ



1395 ַı

˵ô£һͷ׷ߣһȫëĹһһоܻ棬ŭ쳣
׷ϣëϣ
ǺüһΪʨ֮߳һǺëʵǿλʥߣӽλʥߵսɿĴʹ
ǣǱһַɱλʥǽ֪ȫгǵΧַˣӳһλʥߡ
Ȼˣ뱣ס
֮󣬱ӵڶǸϵ֪ͨϡ
һʮλʥߣ׷۾⼲䣬תͷëϣͳۻ룺üʵʱΪλʥߣꡭ
ɱüսֻºҲ¡
׷ϳߣһé®Сӣжλʥߣ϶꣬Ҳδ¡
üĳ𣬱ҪëϿӿݣһİΪ㤡
ɱҽʨ̵ˣȻҪѪծѪ׷¶¶ɫ˫ȭ˵ɢɱ⼫Ũ

ʱַ壬ű
Ʒ춴ϼ֣ࡣ
ԴԶսĽַ֮ǰҲûʲô㣬˭֪֮ٷ򾹸Сɣϼǹ֮ı
ɹʺϡַ澧գֱϡ
Ƿϣ˵
ڶ춴ڶ࣬һʱҲ֪ļãȫȣ޾澧ֻϱﲻѡ
Ʒ춴ǧࡣ
ַԪǳǣʥﻻģٶศϵҲ⣬ַһϣ֪书ãһ֮ϲ
á
ǧ͸аˡַ۾ǧеһУŹٷ֮С
춴ͬҪ
ֻؼ춴ڡʹáŪ裬ʡȴܶʱ䡣
ǧͬ
շַͺķѽʱ䣬Сջ
ϧҪǧٷɡַ꣬ڵǧԼܷһ֣ˣҲ൱Ʒ춴
ϵıַϰħϵ
ǰ֮нΪصһϵ൱ȫ棬ͲϵǰƫأħϵıأӰǣ
Ȼ־ᶨַ壬ںħϵĸá
ʧá
δǻ£õĺͬǺǿַ澧ѸٵΨһһħϵƷ춴
Ʒ춴ңƷѰ
ַԪǳҲûҵǲģ۹ص꣬ղƷܶࡣ
ǺַͶԵջҲó
oħצַɫħצ׵Щ쾪㤣˵ݰ㣬һצַָܿϡ
ֻħצڼ򣬍ڼ֮ϣ
ϺoħצǶں˫֣Ϊħ˵ֱѲħצжһ乥뼡oħʳˣݡ
˵óצߣȻֻһ
o
ħצ粿⣬ѪҺʱںϣַ˫ȭգһͻһͻϢȻаֲoħĿӰ֣罵١
ħĸֱԶħĿֲӳɣַȫͻƽޣ
䣡
ַһȭӳʤȥ
ÿµַ˫Ѫ죬ɫڣħ壬oкǿãмӰ죬ַȫԦ
oħצҵս뱩ַǳ⡣
л춴УĿǰԼһֱǿսǧòͬǧ
˵ȷֻãoħצһܷӵַ˫
ǧԼoħצϸʤ
һ꣬ȫա
ڻħԾӶɡַԳһЦҲ⣬ħϵƷ
ȻԪ飬ֱǿܹ
Ӱǿߵ춴࣬һĵ·ǧһͣڱĹ򡭡
Ʒ춴ϡ٣۷춴Ƿëǡ
Ҫҵϵģѡ
Iµĵַ֮꣬УٿͣĿͫϲ֮ɫ΢΢
ʮĿޣ
ӵ޾澧Ȼķʮ꣬Žۻɡû澧չ̱ҪǧԪ֮á
~~~
޾â貣ַ
츳֮꣬ͻƣ
ˣַ˲ʱ֪ϲڴ֮ǰΪ֮費֡
ڣˣ



1396 ռŲ
츳֮꣬ڶ
޾й޾գһȫεͬʱǿַ
Ȼ࣬ٳɶַ࣬ٳ߸ͷһ
ģӽǿޡ
纣ʱɱ䣬Ļ۵Ｋ£ƿ۳ɸµĽԴƬޱĽ
ϵܴﵽĲΣַˡ
ҪΪڶĽߣѡ
һʥߣһڶߣʥϵָҲΪʲô۷춴ٳ޷ԭ
ʥߣʥ˵ɮ١
Խ˵ɮࡣ
䣡ʵȪַ壬ʱεԾɱ䵽֮ǽ١
ǿռ˲ơ
ԺУһ룬ǿռĲٿأַڷռ֮У˫
ȿռ˲ѡ
Ϊֿռ䷨ϵ֮֮⻷֮һͬ·ͬ
~~
ַ˫ʱֻ̧֣ӳ·ٿƬռ䣬ƿһأȻתǰһɽžʧ
ǰһƬ̲Ĵԭ
ռŲƣ
Ϳռ˲һֻĿռƿءַ֮һ̧֣ǰ涸Ȼãɽٴγǰ
һռŲơ
ңޡ
ַһЦ
˵Ϳռ˲һûʲôԣЧ
ռ˲ʲô
ƣռ䷨֮ϣȻ
ңʩչռ˲Ƶ˲䣬ױɱ
ռŲƾͲһõռ䣬һء
ԼһʥǿԻ춴ס޷ռŲֱӾܽߣռ˲˲Ƶɲûκη
ֹڵˣͬԼַռŲڿռʱŲƾʮȣǰɫȻͬ
ռŲƣ±Χˡ
ַ֮һЦ
ȴû뵽츳֮ͻҲ֮轵٣˵õռ˲ȻͬķЧһס

ϱ
۷춴磡
~~츳֮磬֮Ԫ𾫴ڶ֮ϵʱǿʮַֹ嵥ߵս൱֮ǿ
ܱܷӳǿ
ֱɿͨʥ
ʵЩ΢࣬Ҫǽϵó๥Ľߡ
ֱܹĻߣ깥Ҳһ
磬ѵı
Ӵַ֮ݣϺ㷢֣۷춴ȼ춴ʮֹ
Σ
Ҫ֮áַа⣬ҡҡͷ⻹ֻϣҪʩչã˵Ҫüꡣ
£ԼʱѾࡣ
ﶺ࣬بؾʱֻʣꡣ
ˡ÷ţַ̹Ȼ
Ѿʵһ̨ףûҲӰ쵽ԼսԼɹ˿أпռŲȾС
򣬰ռ
ʱ򣬸뿪ˡַ֮Ȳ
ԽبؾʱԽңսԽŵսѪҺСˡ
ս
һˣ
ս
ؾַһЦ
һ֣ʱ뿪һأǰ

ؾ⡣
ߴ۹һǿ߻ۣһɫȫʥĳȻڣʥǿߣʱЭĹؾķĤ
䣡䣡䣡
ʥǿһ𹥻ε׳ۡ
ߴ۹κһȫ飬ؾȴһͷȻȻ˵ڴ˯һ
ǲ㵭ĹȦٸʥǿ߹£ɫı䱡
ˣ
Ͼƿˣͣ
һдԵƿ⣬Ǿܽȥˣ
һ㣡
ٸʥǿѾ
ǹ㵭Ȧü꣬ڲиŬڿ⣬ϣʱӰһһң˲Ƚ
ۻķĿռʥǿߵĹȫڸǡ
۹ʥ
͵۹
ʥڶĳǿߣײٿطͨǿؼȻҫƬ񷣬ǱǱĹȦ֮ϡ
ǣϣ~
Ȧ缦ѿһ϶˲Ϣɢѷʱ鼰ֱһȫѿ
ؾ



1397 عʵ
ռ˲ƣռŲƣ
ռ䷨裬ַ·ٶȶһʩչռ˲ƣŲƿռλãպüڶοռ˲Ƶļ϶
һڶ
żײ˲Ƶʥߣȴبؾİ֮ڼ˵ÿһνʱ䲢Ǹպð꣬110꣬120꣬130궼У
ӳڶ80꣬90ѵҲǱȱȽǡ
ֻ꣬Ǹƽ
Ҳַ֮ԽԵɣӳڶ130150ѣ˷ġʮꣿ
ϴōڼףѪеĺɫտռ˺ʱԵ100%ĺڶ˺ӳڶѣҲ㹻ʵ뿪
ʥ߸պ෴һѣǾ͵ùˡ
ԣһ㶼ǰ뿪
ڶԪǳڸ
ȥɨһɨ
Ƕơ
ַܿҵλ˲Ƽǽ롣
~~
ǰһַ֪̽Ѱɢȥ΢΢һȻҪȵ࣬Ͼϵǽõġ
ʱبؾھʮ꣬ؾ̽ѰĶ̽Ѱ
Щϵ˵ϻԵѶ߶ģʶڶʮ֡
ͬĶǣַ·
飬
ͬǣſȸ٣ȴһƬַ֪֡ԭԡ
ڵڶԪǳ1ԪѾܶࡣ
1Ԫ飬λԪ飬൱һƷǿ춴Ʒͨ춴
ʥ߻ңܶϵ߲ûС
ڶ򣬳ųɶϵߡ
ȥǿֱַӷǣǱֵ1Ԫ鶼޷ڶǳۡ
ڶǣַҲû̫ϣ
Ƿʲôϡ桯ı100ԪĽ׻ѷⶥҺ١
100Ԫ飬ֻƷ춴ѡ
ַ˵ȷֻǡѡ

Ҫˡ
ţҲҪ
ַռŶعʵ1ԪϼǮģҪǿǿȵģԴΪģ;ġ
ЩعʵǺö
տ죬Ч죬ų⡣
ࡣһɫĹʵַ΢΢һһůӣȫ类գ𽥱ĽӲ
ƤΪʣ֮žѣƤʱľӨ͸
1%ҡַȭ֪
Ȼֻ1%Ѿ⣬ϾԼڵ̫ǿԽԽѡ
ٳɶַ࣬Ҳޣһһ㡣
š
Щ֮ΪĹʵպá
ͬȫģϵʱѪǿᣬǱʤ𣬵űѪľѣڶѽ֮Ժ
񣬰ŴطԪ顣
ڴ֮츳ϣ˿ֻǰ֮츳ȱԵƽӹ֮࣬Ԫ飬Ҫʱ䡣
˸ְ֮ʵֱΪ
عʵȵĶࡣַĵȻ٣ǶԣʵĶǣҪȵֵĶࡣ
عʵģڵһ򡢵ڶ̽Ѱؾߡ
һ͵ڶʹؾֶࡣ
عʵʢȻࡣ
һȦ̽Ѱֻһ룬ַѾȥ1000Ԫ飬ֵ15%ߣ֡
ʵ޼۵ġ
ԪַĿǰں챦ᣬǰ˿ŻֵǣȻһһ8000Ԫ飬6000ԪһҲ˶١
˿ţǽ50000Ԫ顣
ȻԺܶ˵Ԫ鵽ôѾʥЩǿߣЩ춴˵ûʲô
ϵıٻۣ۷춴
мС

15002000
ַ廨ĺһ1000Ԫ15%ʣڶ1000ԪЧһˣΪܶعʵͬࡣ
һգЧ
ڶգЧͼ룬ĴգԽԽ١
ܵ˵ջǿϲġ
عʵ٣Чáַͷȥһ˵ԪǳŽǰԼҡ
ɣ
ַ˵Ѿ㹻⡣
ϾڵѾʥǿߡ
֪ûҵʺҵıַҲЩڴǰиݺʥʮ߸ãԪǳķԪ鹩Ӧ̣Լʺϵı
ȥˣڻЩջ
ʣµģȥɡַ弲۶Уĸ֪⡣
ţ
ٿأַоһϤϢ



1398 Ҳ̫˰ɣ
λֵܣֻ4Ԫ飬ܲܰæظȼ˵
˵֣ɲáҲ֪أƷǿ춴Ҳڲ㣬5Ԫ飬ǰɣһ׳˶Ĵ۾һ
ǹûе覴ã㿴ôöûظȼԣǧ˵ʱҲˣȵبؾˣǰɡ
ּۻۣŮóһ㡣
׳˶һڻؾ
˵ֵܣͲ1Ԫѣ͵Ƿһ飬ҳ죬ѡеذף׵
ʹϵ˭ѣ׳˶۾һɡ
۹ߣͶ͵۹ЩϣظȼɫЩѿȴǶԷ棬Ρ
ߣֻϵߣԷȴʥߡ
˵ǰʥôö͵۹ȱǵǮɣ׳˶۾һס
ظȼǧ裬ҲΡ
ֻϵߣƽϵãˣҼҲ4Ԫ飬Ѿ99%ϵˡ
ͨ춴Ȼû⡣
ǿ춴ȷЩ׽⡣
Ҫ˰ɣüͷһ壬ôϲ˴򽻵ϲˡǸջ˵ܾе㶪
ġǧҲȰ
ظȼ̾һͷ
ĿȴһֱͣǼƷǿ춴ϣ뿪νǧͷãòҵһԼϵıƫƫûǮ
ˡʱһ
׳˶۾ʱһظȼȴɫһ䣬ϤĺɫӰʱȴסˡӣЦݣϤ
ַ壡
ַ壡
λ޲һ
ȴû뵽ַ壬Ǻͺʥһبؾʱַ岻ļڡڶ
ɣ
ٿ֮һַ󣬵ûӰ
ʥߣûôظȼ̲סʵ
ʦַЦЦڵֿˣҲ֪ģӦúʹʦ֣ʦһʮ֮˾Ѿȥˡ
ظȼŶ˵ͷ
԰
򣿡ǧ۾ɴֱַ壬ʱظȼҲǷӦˣַɻͲš
ַ壬ȥ򣡣
ֻϵʵԿ͸ַǳ
ʲôþȵġһԵ׳˶͵λСֵ츳λʥߣһڶ춴Ȼڵ졣
׳˶ȴǲ
ַһЦ5Ԫ˹ȥ
֣λֵˬ죡׳˶漴һɫԲʯǿ춴ַûӣָָظȼ
׳˶һ漴ס
мӼ۹⣬׳˶Ӱѱظȼϣд򵥣˵
Ҿ˵ʥö͵۹һôȱǮ֡
λСֵܣ£
Ĵָ׳˶ĽύȴѼַһЦҲΣεЦȻȥ
ַ塭ʥǣظȼһʱЩ֪롣
ǧҲЩ
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
һƷǿ춴˵;ͣ
ַĿ⣬ȫ仯ǰǿַ붫͵۹ʥģʱֻһˡ
֪ʲôʱַѾ̧ͷ֮
λʥߣ
ڶ͵۹ϵǶǿߣ
һС⣬ظŰɡַ΢΢һЦĿַ֮ûûظյڵ
ˮ˼ԴַԷ֮
⡭ظȼǸмЩ˼
ǿ5Ԫ飬̫ء
ǧ̾ѣ̫ˣߵʥߺưѣĻһۡ
ظ̤ڶǴءһɡַٿص
ظȼ䲻ַ֪ε֪ǵͷǵģʥߡ
ǧһף˵ˣϵλѾΪλʥˡ
֮ʹ֮кܶ๲֮ͨ
ַһЦ
漴һһλԪʱУֱظȼ˵ɴ۾
һԪ飬ظȥɡֱַȻظУ˵˵ͷλһˣڡ
԰գַһ˲Ʊʧ
ظȼĿ࣬ǴطԪ飬ɫ͡
λԪ飡
һţ൱30Ԫ飡
ˡһԵǧ૵
بؾðΣգƴ˾ʮꡣ
û˼ָĺã
ַ塭ظȼ̧ͷԶӰеĴطԪ飬Ц̾
˵û⺢ӡǰ;޿



1399 Ԧ
ǧ׵ã
ظַַ֪֮ԲǶ㱦ظϵǿߣڶ֮ң
һŶӦλԪ飬ȫ򣬱ˮɡ
꣬꣬ǧ꣬ͻơ
ðΣսبؾΪô
25%ҡַʩչſռ˲ƣռŲƣǰʱ񣬶بؾԼ·
Ԫǳعʵ٣۸󣬵Чˡ
ʵкܴһ֣ǵڶԪǳûеġ
عƣ͵ڶЧ¡
һʣһ
ÿһεĴԾǿȣЩѿȥֲԣڵ°ǿ£ܰԾЧ󻯡
ڵ壬밵ǿߵļӦò˶١
80%-120%ͻᵽＫޡ
һܼƴԼ50%뿪بؾ󣬽춴ǰ50%ѡַš
Լһ֮һ
ûл

ܿ죬ַ
һԪǳҵݺʥһڽá
õ۹ǣķԪ鹩Ӧ̡
˴˺һΣϤܶࡣ
ֹӡݺʥӭӣ΢΢Цݣͷϵɢ峺âϵľӳ羫һ㡣
ݺʥַ֮һЦ
ʱ̴٣ݺ̫ջ񣬲ֹӿܻȤݺʥݺΪ
ַͷ
ʥ79λǿߣ۹Բ
һϵĶƷ춴ݺʥһʱһɢɫâǳ֣ڿС
ŨĹ֮ĸо
ַĿⲻƳݺʥȴʮ
ֹûҵǷ౦սֳЧݺʥ
սУŲ൱ģǽ֮սû˻ʩչռ˲ơ
ʱĺûӰսʵ
ڶһƷ춴ݺʥȡһɫʮ˿ӣÿһƺǷƷ
ַ
Ʒ춴ѰƷ١
⴮ɫַٿ֮һ
ݺʥš
۷춴Чɱ⡣ݺʥһЦֹӿҪˣֵ1000Ԫ顣
ޣַݺʥ
ļƷ춴ֻ200Ԫ顣
Ҫ屶
1000Ԫ飬ܹƷ۷춴ˡַ¶֮ɫ⴮к⣿֮ǰԼ磬Ʒ۷춴Ҳֻ600Ԫ顣
ǼټԦ౦ݺʥָָÿӣһĽӿռ䣬ܿһͷ춴ޡ
ַȻ
ʮ˿ӣʮͷ춴ޣ
ΪʲôЩɫַͬ
ʮ˿ӣɫͷףΪɫɫɫʮŶһأ
ҾͲ֪ˡݺʥһǰյģʱ900Ԫ飡
šַӦһ
Բݺʥԣ˶Ǯյģؼֵֵۡʮ˿鶯ӣַ
ԼԼ֪
ʮ͸ɫӣԣӯΨšַа˼ţȻ֪ȴ޷̽ɫ֮С
һƬʧȥ
ֹӦòôǮݺʥ΢΢һЦǻģʮܲʮͷ춴ޣ
ǿ൱ʮʥߡ
1000Ԫ飬󡣡
ַԺٿðһͷͫ˲ʱŴ󣺡òᡭ
ͷһַһţҡҡͷ
ɡַ
ݺʥһֹûȤ
ȤУ̫󡣡ַ߲ɣͲͣԸ̤ڶĽ߻ãҵ缦ߡ
ݺʥַݺʥӦܸоõҵʵͨʥǿߡ
ݺʥס
Ȼ֪
ȻҲ𽵹Ӵַ塣
ԣ˵ʮͷ춴ޣʮͷһͷһַҡͷΪλ޷1000Ԫ̫󡣡
ݺʥֱ䣬üͷ
һɣݺʥַ˵ƣݺʥȻݺʥԥһɿڵֹܳ٣
ַһЦ
ݺʥһ˵Ѿûˡ
һּۻۺַ330Ԫߡı𣺡Ҳ²˵330Ԫ飬3300Ԫ顭
ҲԶԶﳬֵ
ַ尵ͷ



1400 ǧһ
򣬰ؾ
һ쵾綾Ļ䣬ƲʰƬؾɫ
Сڳˣ׷һҧʳ쵹ʵΧٿ黨šɲ쵹ʵľ綾ɫ࣬˲ָֻ
ɱ
ͳԴ԰׷Եĺëϣһһ쵹ʵʵޱζֻϧо綾ʵǿĽʨ˵жû𲻴
Ҿ֪СԪǳֹ϶ڶΣ׷ŨŨ⣺Ȼˣ
磬ü𣡡ëϿӿݵϣɱ⾡¶
Ϊ˵ͽʹؾˡ׷ϳŭβƤǣԵü֮飡
ߣ

ʱԪǳУַݺʥǽԦ
ܾúƭˡݺʥһɣľĶ
ôᡣַ΢ЦԦļֵЩãΪԽôʵ󡣡
Ҫ춴޼Ԧôʵʤ춴ޡ
ˣ벻ʲô𣿡
ݺʥֱַ壺Ϊʲô򣿡
ղذַӣЦҵĺӻҲǲ
ɡݺʥһ
ַ΢΢һЦ
ݺʥôԲ⣬Լ330Ԫ⴮Ԧ϶Ҳе׬
һΣԼ׬ĸࡣ
أַҲЩ棬ݺʥóıһһãѹ׵ĵôҲ֮ͨ
ݺʥһ
ٿء

һǿİħȻӿַ۾ǰͻȻֵɫսϢȻӿ죬ޱȵϸĵӿȫϸ·ں
ǣ
ħϵս
ַסоսͬԼϵսܷ120%Ļ춴
ҪǣԼķϣ
ħ
Ʒ۷춴ڪzϻ굶ݺʥǣԸк촽ţۣ4500Ԫ飡
Ҫˡַն
ݺʥ΢ԸС죬׼˵ôҲַٻˣȴû뵽ַ붼û룬ֱӾǴӦ
Ըк촽΢΢ݺʥעַ壺ǲˣ
ǧһַҶѰħϵս޼ۣߡһֵ4500Ԫ顣Ʒ۷춴亱У۸һ3000Ԫҡ
ϵ΢һ㣬Ͼǿħǿߺܶ඼ܸϵ
ħϵսڴ
ðɡݺʥҲΡ
˵õļ۸ܲԼԼôʥ񳬼ǿߣȥЦ󷽣ַ˵ҲûҲǿ˵ġ
4500Ԫ飬ȷǸۡ
ݺʥʥҳһַ΢΢漴˵
ʥ
ݺʥһַ塣
ַȡʥƣݺʥǻȻЦԭֹ԰ʥŲһʥǶ͵۹ǿֹš
֪ʥҪʲôݺʥ
ʥǶ͵۹ǿʥ񡯣ͬǰʥȨˡ
Ż顣ַһʱâŰɫٿسַ֣֮УÿһŶǰأǰ
ݺʥ˲ס
õ۹֮
վŸʥɣûһӳſŻ䲻õ۹Ԫˡ
ǰֵһš
񣬸һӳţ
Ǵĵģݺʥ˵۶ڷŹ⡣
ʥյõáַǸһȴǡáһ񣬲֮ǰԼҪСģϾ̫ء
ûа취ֻð̨
ôԼǰʥһԱҲ̫ݡ
յõؾݺʥ󣬲ŵ૵ܰôؾǱô
ѵؼпռͨ
ԣпܣ
ַ徲ݺʥ
˵࣬Բ˵ʲôҪѺڪzϻ굶ҲҪЩ顣Ȼ˅ͷɴһζ㡣
ݺʥУַܿޱȿ˷ܡ
õ۹ԣ޼֮ԼǰѺڪzϻ굶һ
ţ20000Ԫ顣
ȥڪzϻ굶4500Ԫ飬ʮعʵַ徻13000Ԫ飬׬磬ۼݺʥ˷ϲõģַҲһЦ
һʶԴҶаһ׵Ľס
ʥǹáַһЦڪzϻ굶ȥ



1401 ܲ
عʵ󡣡ַһȦֻȥ5000Ԫ顣
ڶԪǳعʵҪĶ࣬ƷӵĶ࣬඼ǺܺģַҲܣ˵
ԤƵҪࡣ
͵ڶɢĲͬĺܶ౦ﶼǼһС˴ݺʥʮһ
㲻Ѻڪzϻ굶ҲȥһŻŹ
ַڻǮҲۡ
һعʵϻ15000Ԫ飬൱ԣ15000Ԫ飬ǹϵϵԼϵģһϵ
ĿǰϵϵϵԪΪ׼
ջ١ַһЦ
漴һĵطʳعʵ

Ԫǳܴ󣬿յظࡣ
ߴ۹ǿ߻ۣܶ඼Ԫǳţ˿Ƭ򣬽ֹɱ¾˵ҪҲܲţΪ˵ЩȴǴֵ
Ʃݺʥʮˣݺʥʥĳǿߣе79
ͨλʥǰֻһжŲ
˵ԻԪǳбݺʥǿĴڡ
ࡣַһڿڵʳعʵعʵÿһܳԣǿһּǮһֻ͵ڶͬ
٣ȴ͡
ʥǿҲṺʵعʵڵڶ򣬱ϾˣۻЧҲס
ַһǧ𣬴֮١
ڵڶַ25%ֻ2000Ԫ顣
ﻨ5000Ԫ飬27%
ǿɡ
ЩϵϵϵϵعʵԴģַ岢δʳϾʱ˵ô
ңܱ͡
ﵽǿ߼ޡ
ַڴ
ʱ䣬ҲкݺʥĹ֪ؾϢԼﲻãؾͿˡ
ڸϹȥҲˣַ巴
翴ж١
ҸõʲôΡַҲż漴ȡڪzϻ굶Ũİħڵϣ쳣ǿ
ȣ
ַӵħϢޱŨ
֮ǰҵʵûпռѾޱȽӽλʥߡַһӳѪɫ˫ͫħǾˣܵڪzϻ굶֮
䣬չܡ
ҵɣ˶ıϣȻλʥߡ
һϣӦڪzϻ굶ҵսٴ
ռԹ㡣
߳
ַǻӵɫϢ֣绯ħ

Ԫǳ⡣
԰׷ϣëΪ׵һڽʨǿߣǵȴšʱüͷ壬ɫǺܺÿ
ɶ񣬾׷Щ
һѾϵȴ뵽ַԪǳﲻǻ˴꣬ȴơ
ɱȥһ͵λʥ߶ݺݵ
ģ
׷ŭ㲻Ҫȥ涯ԣĿ컹ַĿ졣ǰǽ֮أ˵ǣʨʥҲΡ
Щˣﲻá
ڽʨӸλ׷Ϻ
ʲôܲëϿӿݵ沿Ƥ¶һĨɫӽλʥߵʵõΧʥ޲塣
ëϵʵԺĴʹȡ
ʲôʱʲôʱëɱԡ

ַҲû뵽ϾͺķѴʱ䣬ûü鿴ͬ׵Ԧգɫصӡ
ڪzϻ굶ַսڵɫ˿˿Ѫɫ·˵Ѫһ㡣
100%ϣ
ͬĵʮس򣬺ڪzϻ굶սǿַֹʩչ޵ԽԽ
ʦ˵һսԵشεѡ
ַѸ򵽵֮·
ʮس΢ֿɼǵļޣյ㣬ԼҲеâҫʿɼ

һ롣
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µսҪӦûʺϵĸоѷӳٷְսַԼĿ꣬ǵĴʮس΢
ܽشôһѾӦ
~ַ峤һеѪɫħ֮ʧȻ޵л޷ϰɣڪzϻ굶ڶҲδ⿪
㹻ˡ
ʱ򣬸뿪ˡ
ĵ·ֹһַͣڪzϻ굶һ־⣬ʵԼðոġ
ڣҪϵǿ߹ˡ
춴࣡
ַڵѪҺȼա
սǿսʱѪڵĸо



1402 λʥ
~~
ռ𵴣ַԪǳ֮⡣
ƽһƬȻ
·ڵȴʲôôվšԪǳʱַǷֱˡӡԷⲻ֪Լĸֹ֪ܸ֪ϢòΣζ֪
ʨ̣
һԷһֱĵڵȴԼַԲӡ
Ȼǹǵĵȴ
ʮλʥߣʵȽǿַ֪Χڣ̽⵽ԼĽʨǿߡ
ǣˡ
ɡַ΢΢ʮ㡣
ʥǿ˵λʥߡλʥߣҲ㲻塣
ʥ߲Σǿһ

ڪzϻ굶Уʮ΢ĵľַ֣˫ͫʱѪɫ͸·Ϊħֻ뵶֮ϣħĿơ
ûԴʯػַ꣬־Ԧ۷춴
쐻ޣǿϣ
ڶĽߣ
~~кڪzϻ굶ȽһѪɫսƣ·һͷħƵģǰħ֮飬Եħ
ৣৣৣ
ǰռ𵴣ַӰδ֣ħֵϢǵ˵ĵֻӵλʥߵĹ
߳
ѪɽҽС
ǿռ˲ƶĽʨλʥߣԴһ£ѱ޾ڰɡʱΧռദ𵴣λʥȺ
ַԥֱɱϢǿλʥߡ

ȣһͷ׷ߣһ˫ͫ׺ݵɱ⣬޾ӿ춴ͷŶ
׷ϣ
սλʥλʥ֮䡣
ȫѪ黯磬˷֮һ˿˿Ϣ׷ϲֹ֮Сɣ֮ɡ
սڽʨߴнںëϡ
Ƭռ䶼ǻɫ֣յϢǼƻ֮ǷȱĹ¡
ΧʨһǿĿ¶΢Ц
Ǽ׷ʩչľУδʧ֣ʨ߳ϣֹڶ͵۹պߴ۹Զ
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ʨǿôţٿһµĺɫϢӿƬɵĿٿȴɫռһ㣬һ֣˲䡪
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磡ԶëϵЪ˹
ȫëֱªֲëǸϵܿ죬뵽׷Ͻֻһ棬һιѱش
ַĵܿ죬ܿ¡
꣡ĺڪzħ˺ҧ׷ϣ˱޾ڰֲİħϢϮ׷ϵ壬˿ڸϡ
ڪzϻ굶һ

ɲͨսƷ۷춴ͨŰħ򣬽ַ屾Сɵİħֱƶɵܡ
ǿµ£ֻҪƿƤսеĺڪzħ֣ʳˡ
黯ĺڪzħɱͬʱӰǡ
ǰħ֮ص㡣
ħ֮ߣ⵽ħɣ˵ħ֮

ַѸ֪ëϡ
ʱҪǱռѲҪԼսѳλʥߣиϵĲΣǾǡ
λʥߣ
޵һַ
ëκλᣬͬ޵ַĵ磬ʣڪzϻ굶͹ȥ֮
һͨʩչһʩչһ
𣡣
ëŭУȫ¶׳βͺɨɫëȼգ¶ɫ˫צºâɱַ塣
Լʵëоš
һ꣬ʵλʥǷⶥռ׷ϱشëĪЩɵȴ͸
ģڶҡ
ëϵĹҲԵЩԥ
ȫԸҲʲôͬ
䣡ַĵ⾳䣬׵޷Ҳǰħɶ֣ѣڴźɫѪսëϡ
ƣֱ񷣡
ôôǿëϵɴ۾ȫžžѿµĵ֮ȫѹһ±̩ɽѹսݻ١
֮ǰķɱ⣬ʱ䱻־ռ
̫£
ҲëЪ˹г־Ͳʡ
ע
䣡


1403 ʲô
ɱ
ħýսΪײַǿǿײǸ죬һתضûСԣܺëʵʤ׷ϣַ˵ⶡ𲢲Ǻܴ
սëϴ
ȫëһѸ˺ҧë֮õĽʨʥߺȻѣǸΪַ꣬ħ¡
ӣܣ
ܴڵλʥԷʡ͵ĵƣڲܸʱ
ͷȽ𵽾ȥɲǣλʥ߲ɱ¾ַ嶯̫죬ɱëϵ˲䣬ѿʼѻ
Χ˵ʮλʥߣ̶ʱֻʣˡ
ʱ䣬̻һըɢȥ
һַ׷Ͼɢ̫Ҷʥߣռ˲ƾ붼һôҲ׷ϡ
Σͬˡ
ռŲƣֱַʩչɱﵡ
ռŲƵľ룬Ϳռ˲һǧ֮һꡣͿռ˲ƲͬǣռŲƵʩչΧĶࡣ
ŲԼλãҲŲǰλá
ʩչΧռŲƵľҪռ˲һȣһǹؼ
ȫƣ
ৣǰռ𵴣һʨ̵λʥҧܣٿһ㶣˲Ƴ֣ǰһȴһ벻Ӱ
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ܣλʥĿ࣬ôҲû뵽տռ˲Ƴ֣ͼħӦǰɫâ˲ʱɱ
ڶ
ĿռŲƣַգ۱ɱĸλʥߣÿһ֮ǰ𾪺Ȼ֪ô¡
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è׽һ㣬ûһ㽫ֻȫɱ
ˣ15λʥȫһʣ
һۣҺͽʨ̵ǽˣضݡַԼһʨҲá
Լںǻʨ̡
ʥҲˣΨʵǿĽʨʥʥԼʵһ㣬֮ԽԽС
ʹδʥֺοɾ壿
ͬʥ춴ǿߣܴ
֪ڵʵʥŵڼַҲǺ棬288ǿλʥаʮʥߡ
ʮˣߵĴ207λ
Ҳ200λڰɡַ⣬⻹δʩչռʵȫԸԼʥжΡ
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ϧδڪzϻ굶ڶϻꡣַаħϢŨսһѪ͹Ľ羪㤿ɲһһĿ¡
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ȫϻꡯ춴Ĳ֮˵ûˡ
պ˵Ƚ򡣡
ؾ
ַ¶һȣѪҺڡ

ǰ
ַ֪ʹݺʥ߱Լһǰؾַ֪ʮ֮˾Ϊȥ
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ʵôҪģʥ79ʵԼǿĶࡣ
ǰ档ַ֪ܿ
һƬ½磬ϢΪ֮һϣһȫµءΧѹأϢڶ˺ʱ޿̲š
Ѱʥ
ǵبؾڶ˺ߴ10%ڼ΢΢âɫſռ
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⣬пռһ
֪ؾĸλãַĴѰ٣ȴûκٿظ֪ΧڣӰַһ
ˣͺðˡ
ߣߣַһſֻŵӣʥǿߣǼʲô֮ææȥ
ৣৣৣ
ַʣӰʧ
ޣĸַ֪вһֺ棬δʵǰؾ֮·ʥǿķӦþǡ
~~
ַ漴ʧ

ؾһͷȻޣӳڶģԪǵһ澰ܸ֮˿
ʱؾܣǳһСУɿռƵġ
ȥؾҲɢŵɷء
~
ؾڣǱʥǿߺƻıݴʱһӰ̳֣֮ǰʥǿһĿֻţ£š
һؾͣ㣬æȥ
ޣƬַ壬ۼ״
Լô
ʲô


1404 ؾ
ৣ
ַӰȻһƫеĵһæʥǿǰЩңַٿһ㶡
λǰַȴкֲЦˣ֪Ϊ룿
Ϊʲô㣡ʥǿļǿַġʥߡǰǲм
ٿأǿռ˲뿪
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ȴ죬ûʥǿַ߳쿿ΧһСмԴӳڶؾ
ԼѪĺɫһӳڶĿռ˺
ԣڵַаؾϴףܵסӳڶ˺
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ȻǺģַɫ糵֮ͨУ˳ǰɫͨ糵תǰһɲǵĻȻǱ仯
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ַĿɨκأΨһԶŨЩ˵İ
ڵһĬI£ͬؾ
ЩؾǱӳڶɣĴ档һ㱩¶ǳϢ类ոɾΨǷεؾȻд档
ַ建̤Ƭ֮ϣԽδ֪ԽҪСġ
֪̽⣬ͷſȥЩ谭ӳڶУ֪ͬ裬Ϊɵԭ
ַܽ
Խ޵Ļ䣬Խд̡
ޣַٿ˫һƳǰһɫĲعʵ̵ɫΣÿһŴ̹ʵһĤޱȳԣ
ժһţֱַҧһڡ
ɲǼ䣬ֱ飬ůתȫڵ泩һʱƤ䣬ӿ룬弱ǿ
һţ˽1%ַ־ϲ
ԼʣҪ0.1%ѣ˵1%⼸Ժ͵Ԫǳõعʵˡ
ԪǳԼĻֻһš

ûаٿţҲߡʮַһֱ˲ʱΪϲ񶯣ֱӽд̹ʵժ¡
Ȼ֮Ч𽥵ݼܲסࡣ
ַһ¼ʮţֱȫͷֹͣۻ
5%ҡַǳ⡣˾ʮ㣬ʵǿ57%100%ԽԽӽ
عʵ϶ֹһá
ؾبؾأǿؾ
ַ̾
Լս벻һɲǣջժĽٿŴ̹ʵõۣ߳˵üǧԪ飬۸񲻷ơ
һжַڴ
ƬĵعʵҲʲôϡ֮¡Ĵ߶ţַһ·۲ؾĵ֪δϹ
޷粻ˣһΣգ
Լڻûֻöѡ
һֱȥ
Ȼ
ˣַ֪̽Ѱޱ˲ϢĸӦʱһͫ׷Ŵ



1405 ĳ
һȺģġˡ
Ǳ壬ģȴ޼ֻθ׳˶ࡣΪ׵һͷĳˣʮͷˡ
ǿϢַ尵һݡ
Ϊ׵ĳˣǻ춴࣬ʮͷˣҲǰǿߡǿַȻ壬춴࣬ʵͨ
òֱַۣ壬ͷĳ˲Լ
ǣӦؾеˡַаبؾеǳŶصϢ
ģˣԼϵδ˵
ֹһЩַԼֻǱɽһǣȻЩʥǿҲ־Ӵˡ
һбǿĴڣ
⣡ַ͵һ
֪УͷĳƺоԼĿ߿ʱԼĶֿռɶ
ӣ
ַ˲Ӧ
ûҪĳӲӲԼսʲôΧ˵
ַ׼˲ȥٿء
̣̣
ΧĿռһַɫȻһ䣬ȴǿռ䲻ȣ˲ǽСռ˲Ҫռȶ˲ƱĴ͸ǿռ䲻ȣˣ
һˣҪһռ䴫š
ռ䴫ŲͣҡһΣȻˡ
໣̶ڶը죬ľַ˲ʱףɿռ䲨𵴵ģĳˣ
ܸſռ䣡
ǰǾ޴κ֣ܿĶİѼ⵶ƿնռİս
ĳʮͷҲǸ߿Ϯ
ɲǼণַٴվ
ৣȻӲˣַҲǲ壬кڪzϻ굶֣һѪɫڵ֣׵Ȼ
޵
צ
Գᣡ
ַ˲ʱĳ˶ԺУֱһһ䣬Ų΢΢󳷣ĳͬܣŭһ˫ͫϬȻǻ

һһˣɲʱֿʱʮͷɱ籩ϮĹַκδϢʱ䡣
ַ徭ḻû׼
йʱʮϼ֣ϵһ𣬺Ȼըʮ⾪ַ֣Ȼ
Ʒ춴ϼ֣
߳߳߳
ʮâʮַڹһ㣬ϼѵĵطǷ򣬶ʮֵĿơ
ڽ߲Ҳﵽڶַ˵˵ʮǶʮģʮƣ
ַ֮ʱϢʱ䡣
ʱĳ˸Ǳŭ˶ĶϼֵĹʱңռһƬ𵴾ҡ
ÿµַѪУɫȡſռ
֮ǰ޷϶ĳ˵Ĺк⣬ȫȷǺͿ޼ΪƵġ
ǣܲٿؿռ
Կռһ˿ռ䷨
ңĳ˼Ϊǿ׳δħͨѷɫַ֪ԼԺͻ춴ǿĳǰȴռðˡ
ǿ׳
ٿؿռ
ǲֹܷɣСΧŲԾǼΪóս൱ڡֹĳʵʥǿߣЩ˵ʵͬﵽλʥ߲Ρ
ؾ
ضǿ
ַ岻巴Ц־ǰϮĳˣսȻʱԼԼЩףΪʲôЩʥǿ߿־ˡ
һбĳ˸ǿĴڣ
ĳ˾ܷռ˲ƣǿǺεȿ£
򲻹޷ռ˲ܣЩʥǿԲð
䣡ַ޵ٴĳӲһĳ˵Ĺ֮ǰҪϬֻצޱȣİѼ⵶ϴ̳Ŀ˿
ңĳı䷽λŲ֮⣬ͬᰵй
ϣõĸ
ʹ죡ַ˿޾ϵ˺ۣս۷壬ǿڼһ㣬δʹÿռսѿʥǿߡ
ȷơ
ĳռݾϷ磬Ҳûôס

ַһαˣ˫ȴǾкڪzϻ굶ߣֱӻɱͷˣһŲϼֻһɫâڵĳˡ
ʱ䣬ĳж͵衣
߳߳߳
ַ嶯ɴ䣬ûһĶЩȻ֮䣬ǵİɫٿʧɲǼ亮ӹ

ѪĽڪzϻ굶ѪڪzħֱȺˣʮͷ֮ȫɣĳ˴ʱѪͫȣŭ



1406 ƿ
䣡
ַؿػڼ˾󲿷ֵĹ
ۣ³һѪַɫ΢΢һףȴǻһĨȣѪɫ˫ͫŨħϯȫ
֮ǰһʮһѲڡ
һһʮգ
ַԽսԽ¡
΢΢һģҽȴ͵̤ض絯ɰʱڪzϻ굶ǿҺâַ֮⣬ַϢǱ塣
ɱĹ
ַ壬ǿǿ
أײַȻսȫĳѹͬ鱻ɱ֮ģȴҲкܴһֵļɵ
ֻǣǷŭڸǡ
ƱѹϯĳԽսԽľȻޱȣַĹУһһǿ׳Ѫܡ
УƬռ𵴡
ַ͵һ𣬿ռŤһһɽɱšԼ塣
~~
ںɫɣַ徫Ȼ
֪ĳ;ĩ·ֻǸ翹Ǿϼֻʮ⻡ߣɧŹĳˣġ
һһַʵ൱ǿġ
䣡
ڪzϻ굶ĳ˵壬ڪzħֱɣĳ˷˻֮Ҿ徣еƲƺҲ𵴡
ַüͷһšһɲֱӽĳ˵
Ӧ֪ͨͬ顣ַ䲻ԣҲףǱߺǿҵŲʺŨŨ⡣

ĳը飬ַһ
ĿģһȭСľ״ģ̲ŨռʤԪࡣ
ַ嵶ʱʮͷ˵塣
Ȼÿͷ˵жһž״ģֻ˵ľ״ҪСܶ࣬Ҳѷɫࡣ
ȫַ漴ռ˲뿪
ûôЩ˵ͬ
ַȥ󲻾ãʱƲѹѹһƬƬռ𵴡飬֮ȺƬ
ĳʮͷϢȸղͷĳǿ
ͷģȻһͷϢ˿ֲˣ
ʵͬƿߣ
ʬףǿ¶ŭɫΪ׵˸Ǳŭޱȣߴֱǿ߷ߣŭɶ
ȺµƣƬռ䶼¡¡𶯡

ʱַ壬֮زز
δǿߣѾµʥǿ߶־ģǲʵ΢ǿһġ
һԶԶʵεĴڣ
ڰǿϣǻ춴࣬ڻ춴֮ϣǡ
ƿߡ
ʦĲΣӦòаɣַнŽɣҲ׼ӳڶ˺ȷǿ춴ǿ߾ܵںƿߡ
ƿһԲѺڶ˺
Ϊʲô
ַ벻ͨ
ǿߣӦ뿪ӳڶȥ˰ɡַƬ̣ҡҡͷδ̫࣬Ŀǰֻǳؾ
Ƭĵ򣬶δ̽״̬
Ԫǳһ룬ӦѾˡַĿĴɨţѰټЩԼ絽ߣӦѾ˽⡣
Ѱ͵۹ʥǿߣܴǿе֪Щʲô
Ҫֵġַ尵ݡ
ղһ̿ɣʵ֣Щǿٴһ㣬ΧסԼͬ飬һ֡
˵Ӧ˰ɣе
ڣҶ״̬
ַЦЦ
ָоʮȤ
Լһ˽룬ȷʵˣһвʴ̼Ǽս
ֻϣӳڶѣһ㡣ַ̽ŻǰУʱ䣬໹ʣ꣬Ժڶǿ˵
ʱ䣬ǵָһ˲
ꡭַҡҡͷ
ܲܰƬؾ̽һС룬Ǹδ֪֮

һľɽ֮С
ಣಣಣ
ĵӰѸٵƶţһŮװ缫أеĽüŰɫӣͷϰŰײ˫ֱ۲Ű˿ŮŰɫȹۣͷϰŰɫ
ߴ۹֮һ۹ǿߵı׼װ硣
һŷĵ۹ӵмᶨ۹ͬǣ۹׼еԴ
֮ӣʥŮ
ӿߣΪ׵һʥŮֳѺУɫ˪ڻ㣡
֮ӣܹ͵ɫȻ٫溣ߣҵţ
˵䣬б޾âһ޺ľʱ֡
֣ʥŮжѣΪ׵٫һ˫˫ֻһ⣬˫һһɫٱ䡣
溣㣬ߡ٫Ӣüչ¶⡣
ɽϿգռһȺ˻׷ϡ



1407 ٫
ޣַ֮һ
̽һ󣬵һθоϢԴߴ۹ߡ֪һϸռ䣬ַĵӰ
۹ַ΢΢һ
۹ߵĴԣһ۱ϳΪĹϵƼˮ굫鲻ǳʶַ۹ӡǲ
ԥһɲǣַ漴
׷ɱ˵˺ѹѹһƬ࣬вĳֻͷһͷĳ˴ʮͷˡ
ַһˣԲȥȺˡ
һΧӶӡ
ʥǿ߰æۡ
ֻʵǿİŮнâµСӹһĨҰףҧƣ˲䱬һۻƥơ
Сַ۹жš
ؼһ֣ȴѪΪڶʱڱǿ൱ס
ɲǼƬռҲɿ縲ǡ
ĿŭڰŮ޺ɷͶɱǼҽڶ
ֻж˱ɱһ֣ĳͷת򣬷ŭѣδ̫صˡ
УǣƶɱС
٫ǣƣһߣ֮ʥŮıѰȫ롣۹ӵλϣʥŮΪӶ
Ѫ٫Ӣüչ͸žǿ
֪Լʹ֪ʲôʱЩʲôⲢԸѡӵģûȨѡ
Լ٫Ԫˣз־
ֻǳΪһ΢ƽ񡣡
٫ԽԽ
֪ղӵʱ䣬㹻ӰȻѣʹѾɡң֮Ũ֮ʱ
߳
һʵĺڰ֮УһɫӰִս񷡣ɲǼ䣬٫ԭ谵˫ͫȽһֹﲻѡ
ǡ
٫Щס
ɫӰʵǿȴǣƣѸٵնɱһͷͷˣܿɱĳˡ
ԭҲһˡ٫Ƚһů⡣
δı棬ȴǵɫӰ˺øУ־еĹϣеĵů
µ
ȣ٫˪ӲҰס
һвǾϣϣԼϣǸ
ľеҲҪֵף

٫ĿƼ£ַĹȫ汬
Թ͵ĵ˿ѷɫĳ˵壬Խսַ壬Ǹպĳ˽֣ĹֶѾ˵㾭顣
߳ڪzħ˺ҧĳˣַ˲̫סһͷĳˡ
֪Ů֧Ų˶ãǶĳˣķľ
ȡʵǿߣ
ƴˣַĳչս
ͷĳʵߵͲǿı֮ǰͷĳ˻Ҫʤһʵģ֮ǰĳ˵һ붼
ַشһͷܿնɱһͷ
󣬶ʵǿĳˣ
ʵ
޵ַӲ£ԼҲ˲ˣڼױϾܣĳ˵Ĺһ˿ռ䷨
ڷϣĳ쳣ǿ
໣˻쳹һ̵ַ֪ĳںͬ飬вһЦȴÿζҪʱź
ţ
ַ֮һ֪ǰŮҡҡ׹˿һ˫ͫ޹⣬ƾ־֧š
ߡַ岢ս
ĳ˵ľ״ģкڪzϻ굶޾ڰƬ
ɲǼ䡪
ಣ
ַ廮һ׹⣬ٷʩչ廮һ⣬ӹƬڰۣϻԹȥİŮһֱӶȥ
һߣںڰеĶŭѡ
ռ𵴣һڶ˵ĺ£˲㽫ƬڰɢʱĻַӰ

ӱߣַǼûϢ٫
ؾûκΰȫشǽΪȫģȻҲкܶϵڶûκ˴ڡ
ַ巢֣˸ϲϷɣϲˮ
ȻǷ׼ȷδ֤
֪һֱɢһܣﲽΪӪûаܵġȡһعʵַ彫٫촽֮С
ԼԪǳ˲عʵȻ¾Ҳ޲ߡ
عʵǣ٫Ұ׵ļ˼Ѫɫ续Ķĺ󣬴عʵȫҩЧӡ
٫һת



1408 
ҡţ٫ۣЩȻ
ţšַ٫ߣƽ
٫ҧ촽Щǿ壬ˮֱַ壬ܿϳźڼ׵꣬лҡ
ַЦЦڸоô
öˡ٫ЩĲ鿴Լ壬ùкǴڣܲδκˣǲ
ûܰ
٫ʱһ㵵ҷʳ
ΪʥŮʥǿߣ٫ʶȻ
šַͷ
˵ٲ֮Ч
ݺʥȷʵûƭңЧܺáַ΢΢һЦܰѼǺľ٫ɼȷʵ鴫
лӾ֮٫иһĨˮâס
һֵ200Ԫ飬൱һƷ춴ļֵм㡣ʥǿߣȫҵҲ100Ԫ顣
ÿַ
лᣬ٫·Ҳػرӡ٫˵
ַЦЦ
٫ԸԼ֪Ը
۹İɣղǼͬ飿ַʵ
٫΢΢ͷ溺ҽãǶǷӵġ
ӣ
ַ˼۹ֻʶ
٫΢΢һٿؾϲʶӣַ岻ף٫ǽ͵ӣߵǲ
šַ΢ЦҺͲһʣϵ
٫¶һĨЦݣȴַӣϵ׽ࡣ˱硣

٫УַҲ֪ܶѶϢ
Լûȷкܶˣ׼ȷ˵ǡˣΪͨˣͷϵĳͿжϡ
ͨˣǿߣˡ
ͷ죬춴࣬ĳˡ
ƿߣĳΪᡣ
ûַȻЦ
Լʵѵˡ
ǿǺƿߣ
һЩʥ࿹⣬ʥ·һ٫ɵԣܶʥѡط
Ȼˡ
ַͷЩкƿߵʵΪϾڴˣ
ƿߣ״͸ڶ˺ĳڶ
٫ҡҡͷҾͲˣܶʥǿߺҲ֪Щʲôһֱûȥ
˲ޱ֮أ
ԣжвΪ֪ܣֻԼڸؾ֪ѡ
м¿Կ϶
򡣡ַ尵ĬǲͬĬҲ򣬵أ粻ջԻ͡
ؾ
֮ǰǷǡЩҪҪڡ
һǰǿߣǺϡƿؿռ䣬ǺǼʱϵȫǰǿߡ
壬ʵܴﵽ춴༶
ʳڣһˣܳΪ˵ġƿߡ

ܴǽҲнָ꣬٫˸ǴƱݽ룬Ȼһռͨڡ
һ룬Ȼĵطͬ
̽ѰҲֻСһ巢־鷳ˣҵӦò࣬ڻû
٫˵ַ岻ʱͷ
ʱȷе̣ҲֻؾıɽһǣȷҲǿɣͳؾ
ң൱⡣
ֻҪߣضɱ¾ģʽݡ
£ùҵģҵѾָ١٫һ壬ǿ΢Цַ֪ǿš
ַû£ҲһˣǽͬС
٫һˮھϲ΢촽᲻۹ӣ
Ȼᣬһ˼ƶ̶˼ϲǺĬôַЦ
٫ϲã״Ӧ

ڶ˰£٫žڼ弸ξַ峬ǿĸֱ֪ǱˮУ˳ĶΣա
ˮ˵á
Ȼǿռƿǿƺԡˮر𲻸ð̽Ѱ̽Ѱ
ϤƬַ٫ദ£ҲĬ˵ؾΣ֣һǾ·
ԽˣԽս
ԽΣգԽ
ɡַ٫΢Ц
š٫Ӧ



1409 йӼ
ַԷѡͬ顣
٫һŮԼǿȣַţҪ۹˶ûʲô⡣
ʥǵ197λߣҲ͡
⻹ΪóƣóԵʣʥкټϾʥǿǶȫԼ
ǻʥŮְͬ
ʥŮʹػӡ
Ƭĵҵһͬ飬ַ˵ֹǸǼʵ֤ѡ٫ľǳȷ
ؼȸ衣٫ڷУ֮顣
УһϮȸɢǰһͷĳȫƣһߣַսħɣɱһȺˡ
ȻַֻͬǰǿߣȶˣȻһΡ
׾٣㽫ʮͷ˻ɱ
Զһٽĳɱ
ͬһ֧СӣַɱʵһȴܱѪеĻȡʤ
ǿɼ
ɱȿԪضˡַȡ״ģЦЦ
̲żԣĿռ䲻֪ãһѼֵơһſԪֵ100Ԫ飬ȴȲ϶˵ľ״ġ
ĳ˵ľ״ģʮʤ֮
š٫ҲһЦ
ܷɣصСʱһûΪ˶ζȫ
һ٫ܸм
һһ롣ַ彫״˹ȥ
ԿԪ㣬һͨľ״ľ100Ԫ飬ĳˣҲͷľ״ģֵΪ1000Ԫ顣
һͨսջ2000Ԫ顣
ѹһѷӿؾܻһ꣬׬ȡһ׬ĲƸ٫ž״ģ̾
㲻˽ôַ岻
٫¶һĨ峺Цݣеľ״ģЦǵһš
ַһ
֪٫˵ѣ֮ǰʵҲûɱͨˡ΢΢һ٫˵֮ӣַ漴Ȼ
еı֮һ˶
ԺԽԽࡣַЦŶ٫˵кüԴҲؾܣֻҪܻųȥ֤㸻ɵй
йӼԡ٫Ц

˽ͬУĬ
٫ʥǿַ߲ͬİûκΪϰߵĹϵϾʥŮͲҪ̫뷨
ǣΪ֮Ӷڡ
ҲǺ£ʡȴһĥϣϾ뷨ǿѷӳһһڶʵ
һ·ջᡣ
ĳͷɱ¶ʮͷÿն10000Ԫ飬һ൱ӴĿͨ˵ľ״ģջǼӱ
ڼ䣬ȴһ඼ûš
Ƭؾ󰡡ַ岻ɸ̾
ѹֵ٫ʱ䣬żôˡ
ǰӡ٫ٻӰժü֦Сİɫ˹ԣعʵʤ
ָܼعʵ
⼸죬ַ㳬10%뼫ֽһ
٫ûз֣ռв𣿡ַҧŰɫʵ
˵Цˣôܸоõռ٫һЦӷһĨӨͷϰɫķǽ⿪һ˿Ʈ£
ǰɡַ΢΢һЦ
Լĸ֪ȷףֻǶռĲ̫ߣԺȷҵ̫ԼнٶȲ죬Ա
仹Щϸ΢ĸо
ܲռ仯٫
ЩַͷȥĿռӦñҪǿңǺȷ
٫ЦҲãҲãҲǵߣ޷
ַͷ
ܿ죬عʵ£ַ٫˳ŸӦȥӵСģΪ֮ǰźӵ룬޷Σк·
һ޼ʵĵûа·
н˼գżײȺܴɱˣȽ϶ģǶˣĳ˿ռӦǿַӦٶȿ졣
Թοַѧˡ
˴ƵģԶԶƳһۣδȫжϣԵΣգɴʧҲðա
ѭ浸صû
һ·
ַ峬ǿĸ֪٫ޱȣǵΧʱǸжϣϾϹɡ
ǴδĳȺ֮һϡ
Ͼǲܳ־õġ
~~нУַ˫ͫٿȻΪ֮һ͡
ǰƬٲкĵ䣬һ֪Ϊ⡣



1410 
~~
ַ٫ˣ֪ܿڡ
ĿģһƬֱµٲ׳ۣˮΧȺɽ룬ΧƬĹ֮أûκͨʵȻ
ˡַૡ
Ŀɨܣ漴ٲϣš
ʲô𣬹ӣ٫ͫĴš
䵽ַϣ٫һ˳Ŀȥ׳۵ٲкһ΢ƫԴ˼ѡ
ٲ֣
ַ̧֡
ʱ䣬˳Űħһİ֮絶иٲɲǼ٫ǰ棬󣬶ʱС죬¶֮ɫ
ǰһƬıĤڣٲ֮ʮ֮Ρ
ܸղ벻ףһҲ
Ƴַ壬٫Ǻ治ѡ
ôģ
ǽƣͨĽơַĿ˸𵽵Ĳֹãģ⣬ȫģΧϢԲ
ַаݡ
ԼõҲ
˸ֲˣռӦ֪̽һĲԭֲǬ˽ɽȥܲ̽
б٫ϲ
ַ֪ЦЦ
ӰȻһٲ֮£ߴٲкޱƽǰĽƣַ֣Ĵ

ƴǿҵķַ漴֡
֮С
~һķʱ٫УҪȥƣַץס٫֣ʱɢ٫ַ壬оϵ¶ȣղһ졣
һȡ
ַ٫˵ߵͷ
漴ַԽ̽ƣĽƷ۵Ĺâɷͺ˸ֱĿѣ롣
٫Ŀת
ٿأַ˫һȻ·оһ˿Ŀ⣬ͺڿԼһָоʮֲ
ܿ죬ֱĸоʧ
ַ֮һݣǰĹâɢȥǰĺɫɽɷΪء
٫С죬
ַ壬żֺ棬ǵȴַ
ǽȥɡַ΢΢һЦ
š٫Ӧ
̤룬ԭ𣬱ַٲˮɣķɳ۶£һعƽ

ַ˽һڵɽ֮С
ٲкɽвʪǸˬտϢӦУַЩֱǰš
ַ壬٫иϾĵ̣ܲģ
ַ壬ĪΡ
͸
һСɽҲǽһԹ㣬ʮ䣬һʧ
٫֬죬˫ͫɨһʱЩԾ񣬲֪ߡ
ַ嵭ȻһЦ
֪ڣ̽ȷĵ·ԹòҪڡӳ١ַ֪ȻСġ
ߣһʱ
ӣﵽǡ٫̲סʵ
ҲȷȻ٫ˣַӦ𣺡û´Ӧһ֮أԴʲôĿǰв
٫ᰡһͫв޵ǣ᲻ǡأ
ԺСַƬؾףûҪ˴ĹƣɽԹЩġ
ߣ˶Ӧû⡣
ô֪٫
ַЦѾ̽ˣе⣬ǽһ٣ַʼ磺ͣҲóˡ
˵ţַָǰ棬Ѿˡ
٫ȥ
ȻԶͷеһģһƣԹâǵƽһâϮ£ʱڵɽ
ַ˫
ৣৣ~
˴ɽһԾǰһƬ޾粻ͬĿռԣȴʮֻԾ
ޣַ٫һ
ǰʮƤµġ࡯ǵͷв׳һԼǣŻǣɫļҰԵ
ŲӣŵìҲǿ׳ţȭͷΪġ
ǵһɫβ͡
λݺöʮβУ߳һŰɫߵƤνŮӣɫͫӨ
ַ٫ס
˵ģϵͨ



1411 
٫Ͷַ壬ȴľ
ַЩȣɣͷ漴ŰװƤŮһǰȥ֮֮Եס
һʯɽڲտӴ󣬱ж졣
һβϰ䣬д裬æµ࣬Լֻмٸÿһǰǿߣǻ춴ǿߡ

ৣַĿ
ʯɽװƤŮӴԼǰķе൱˵Ϣ
ƿߣ
ССľʯɽУһԺϵĳڡַҲǾ̾ѣؾƿߵĴڡ
ʲôطַؾԽԽǺ档
Ѿһ£Ϊʲôؾܴӳڶ޾²˺ѣΪ˺Ѳˡ

Ϊʲôǿǳᱻӳڶɣַüͷ΢ء
ؾĲΣӳڶɲˡ
еĺƿߣɵڶؾĺƿԶֹһǰССľʯɽһ
ˣȥɡװƤŮޱ˵վǾ޴ʯݵűϡ
ַͷ漴롣

ʯݣƽ˵ܼª
ҲûʲôرʩһЩɵɫʯƳɵƿӣʯӦʯΪİ裬ʯһ۱
ַǰһ͵ˣƿ͡
һ˫谵ͫԼĵٿһƾ⣬ֱͷַʱȻΧһȫΪ֮ʧɫ
ַ壬ǰ͵Ļعַ΢΢
ַ٫һףҲǾѹ΢΢٫ǰ
ӭλСѡ¶һĨЦݣϵƶһеķâʧƲʣڵͨûʲô
űǿͣ΢΢һ̾һԶĿˣѾǧԪǰˡ
ǧԪ
ַ٫һ٫ǾʥǿߣҲǻ춴ǿߣҲ2000Ԫ
ǰָԶĿˣϵߴ۹ַʵ
߳ţһߡ
ַͷ
Ѱ߲ûôǿĸ֪ѷǬ
λСѣڿţ۾ǺһЦ
ַ٫ǵ˵ͷ
̫ʣ
ʲôطʲôˣʲôϵͨԼƬأһеһУδ֪
żЦ
ܿ죬߱㽫һ渵
ǰֲ䣬ǲĲ仹һЩԪǳ٣ʣǧˡ

˵ƹƬؾ磬ѾΪߣλܶҡ
໹Ǟe壬ڡ͵
°Ǻƿߡ
ͬǺƿߣʵҲи֣֮ǿĺƿɱĺƿߣؾУвĺƿߡ
ɽǪ衣
ǿİ˳ʣΨɫѪͳˣܴﵽߵİ˳ᾳ硣һ˿ηȻǷ˳ʣͲ֪ˡ
ַ尵ͷ
ĺƿߣ
ԼʦӦҲǸΰɣ
Ƭ½ԞeΪ磬ֳɶϡޣɽռݶޣռϴޣǪռޡ
ͥ񣬻á
Žǵռ䣿
˻ƵЦЦַ壺ڵľǱޣΪ߻ӣȾָȴɵ
ģΪ޹ɱ¾֮ء
ɱ޾ǿĥǿʵλҲĬ˱ߵ⣬ǿ߶ս
ַϸš
Ƭ½Լиӡ
ǰβ廹м֧࣬ȫӦҲǧһ˿į
ַҲпϧβǰӦԻ͹
һҪǧԪһ׵¡
ޣǿӦǅ壬Ȼ޷ȡҲֻǿܺ͞e
壬壬Ҳİǧ֮һ
࣬൱֮
ַ忴٫续Ҳھ֮ɫ
β壬½֧ʵµһ֧һƿߣ춴ǿߣϵоǺɨĴڡ
ǿıȱȽǡ
壬Ǹ߲ʵĽˣ
̫Ȥˡַ¶ս⣬ĳȡ
ַ漴ʵдڣʲô



1412 ֲ
дޡƤ΢΢һգ޾ĳ˼
ҡҡͷ̾һ꣬ҰβΪ̽Ѱдޣɣ޾ԪǿǰĪдޣǸգ
ֻǿߣ֪Щʲô
谵ַͫһۣҪʹȥ̽дޣҰβ˶˥䡣
ӾͿѣǸȥѰҳˣȻ
һ٣˵͵ϼټԪˡ
ӣȻӳڶ
ַףָبؾպϣʱ䣬ֻʣ²ˡ
ǰ֪ַ
֪ʮڣԼȥѰңٵãɣðĴǹȥڵ
԰գ˼һȰɫӰ֣ǰװƤŮӡ
кηԸװƤŮӡġ
úдλˣ֮뿪ԸַһЦλҰֲªЪϢһȥ
ַ٫лһȥ

ӰƬؾַѾһŵ֪ǱޣȣǿΪ壬壬eսݡ
Լڣǰβһ֧䣬Ϊֲ䡣
ҴȺУʵһ԰ԣΪ̽ѰĪдޣǿ䣬βԴ˥
ϡĴ޶ж
ҵıޣҲû̫ܿھΨǡдޡַ⣬ν³дޱضŴܣ
Ȼ½Ϊλ
úƿߣڴ˵أ
ֻǣдƺн޳ƿ߶ƿأԼڵʵȷʵԣҪᡣ
λʱЪȥʱҡޱ˵
õģлַͷ
鷳ǰˡ٫΢΢ס
Ӧȥ
ȴβͣһӰַ΢΢꣬һ춴ǿߣʵֻǿ
˵ЪϢһʯݣȰǼ仹Ҫ
ӦдˡõģͰĽӴоĺÿͣβĴӣ
ˣǿɼ
ʲô㣿٫ʵ
أַЦŷʡ
٫˫ͫ΢΢һչЦŹ߰
ַȻʧЦȴ٫ְƤ߻ظԼʵʱ仹磬סҲ̽Ƭ½ʵ뿪١
٫ף½꣬ÿ춼ĵҲú÷Ϣһ¡
šַ΢Цͷ

漴ڰֲס
ƽסڲеĴ඼棬սʿΪǵսʿߣ֮أͬӵĿԡ
ͨİֲսʿǻ춴ࡣ
Ψڲϵɱ¾ĥԼſܳΪƿߡ
԰ֲ䲻ֹһƿඣַʵ
ǵȻǲβսʿһҵĸ确ǡһԲԲСкֲ˵ǲΪβսʿһ
ţ϶ַЦ
ǵģҳԺҲҪΪôİβսʿԲСкһĳԸΪ١
ַЦЦ
ֲǶܴӣûʲôĻԸ˰β壬ϧ첻ԸھޱȲҵıޣǱס
һҪǿ󣬾ͱǿػ
ԣֲ䵫ӣֻҪͨ뿪ȥ޷ΪβսʿǲȺġ
൱Ͽ
βսʿǶ԰βʵǿսʿơ
ƿߡ
ǰأַʵ
ĽҸδŵӣԲСкоǻϲЦĽ㳤ƯֺãγΪսʿԲϲˣ
ڰֲ䣬ͨ˲衮סյġ
ΨͨŻգҪͨʵҪ춴Ρ
ַͷô
Բٿؾǿҧҧ촽ҡͷ룡룡ĽԲ磬˵ˣҪ˰ֲ䣬ҪŮ˽飡
ַ΢΢һ̾
Ҳѹֵô룬Ҫ½ȥͱҪ㹻ǿʵ˵ǿ壬e壬ʣ޼ɱ
С㣬СϺס
Ľ㣡Բٿһַ󣬾ϲ



1413 β
һ˫޳ĴȣŰɫߵƤӳ¡ΣСɫƤ͸žӨһ˫ɫͫ˸ǰġ
͵ˣԲ֣һ˫۾ȴ͸ų谮
ԲٺЦţףò˿İһɣԲ죬ȥ
˵ţһˡ
˵ġַ΢Ц
ŶƳַһۣޱ飬ת뿪

ַҲЩΣǰ
뿪İͣ½ŲҲʲôǰҰľˡһ٣ĵʲô£
ܴҲιһ°ֲôַЦ
£Щ
ãĲǿڵ
ַţ漴ϡ

ַ廹ЩߣദֲǣֻǸԵĮͲ˲ϲ˵ʹȻ
ٹ԰磬ƾٹ԰ĹҰֲͿԸ㡣
أ˲βսʿԱѩɽȡϡˮ̲ǿꡣ
޳ȦͷޣѪʳ⣬ĥս
Ĵַһһιۡ
ֲҪȸСȫֲϵаβ壬ӳͯ꣬ٵ꣬һһӡ
ַ۽硣
Ϊʲô˹죬ռ٣Ԫַࣿ
ӦΪ

ַԺиֳղڰٹ԰һſع˫΢
һֶصľտռͷĵȺڣִֹ塣
ַȻ
ͨռԿռ֪ԪӦͲˡտռγһȻϡ
˵ȷӦǣȺe廹пܸӦĵó֪ࡣ
˵ţĿƳַ壬ָ
ַͷԣҲһȫ
֮ǰͰĵʱ̫ңβ岻ֹҪ壬eͬǴв屾ҲƵƵ
ĵͷҪ롣
зįַҲס
̫ͬ

һ·ţܿһ֮ء
ϣ
ڶַĿȥֻһªı̨ϣǿٵĽսţͷϵɢž貹âһŵһųǹ
λʥߣ
⣡ַĿִ֮꣬һ
ĵԼɫ
֪֮ǿԼ֮ϣʮؼ޵ĵļһ˿֮У̲عڵ֮С
üĹֶΡַϸš
似ʤ
Էĸ򶼲ûκΰؼʩչֻ÷뵶
רһ
ַ尵̾һֱûβôս㿴ˡϵսķȫͬ
ܿ죬ִ
ִǹǹǹ磬ǹ볤ȫӳ
ôĿַ塣
ǳַĴָĵ̾е΢΢һ¶һĨǳǳοЦݣͫ˸ǣǰֲδϣ
ַš
ԲϾܿĺżǿƷģԸΪ丶һС
ܹȥ𣿡ַָָǰߡ
ĵͷ
ַһЦ漴ǰȥĸЩսԼҲ治١Щ꿴СʵȻ
㷨Ķǧꡣ
βȽطΪͯ꣬ΪǼǧΪ꣬Ϊϵس꣬Ϊڶ
ɳͬӡ
꣬Ǻڶǿߡ
ҪҷСġַһЦԲᵽ˵ʵҲء
ÿط㷨ͬȴҲһŶۡ
߽ȥֻ̨д裬һִһִޣַĿ˶ͷϣ֪Ĺ֮Ũ
ӦþǵѪԴȪˡַа
ΪҪаβ壿
˼ַιעų̋սʵ̾Ϊֹϵʥʥǿ߶޷ÿһ궼ᣡ
һ˿֮һ˿֮
һεսȸղŸңַ۾ֱ󣬺Ȼִβ;ǳһ貵ıӰݺݵĳ
ϱֱ֮ӽǵ֮ĵ顣
ǰβ壬ǿľİβ޼᲻ݡַԣĵ



1414 ˭ǿ
ı
ȿʵӲͣսʿԳ󣬷ѧϰʹβͣǿս
ַͷ
Ǹʱȫɡ
ǲʵǿսʿ֮һ׾˵ͫδѾͨһš
ַ֮
ͨ൱Ѿӵл춴ս뿪ȥ
ֻսʵȽס
ѹָղִ֮ܵ졣ַ
ƳһۣƽһʵҲӽͨж־ǿ̿࣬ƴһֻǡв㡣
ʣ̫Ҫ
һߵٶȣԼޡ
ַǸܵ꣬еĶϵЩãһߵĵһУƽȴǿκˡ
෴ǸΪ׾꣬΢Ц˵֮ӡ
ëǸ̫߰׽ꡣ˵ΪЩӵĽ̹٣ÿһӵȱ㣬ָơ
ַЦЦ
ʲôţ
űѲŰʸ
ҲսʿɣͻȻʵ
ַ΢һ£ͷ
Ȼ֪ĵ˼ֲСսʿĺǡ춴սҲͨ衮סյġ
оâĵˣǷԸ̨д裿
ַһ
ôַָָ׾Щ֮Ψսʿ
šӦ
ԡַ岻˼Ӧڰ֮䣬ַٿֵи
Ӣü΢΢һء
ַ˫ֱͫģڵӮˣ
ӢȻһĨɣַϸоǿսǿЦġ漴֪ǻ춴ǿߣ㡪ֻǰǿߡ
ַʵѿ
ֻʵԿ͸
ַһЦǰȥǿսʵ
׾ʵжǿֻʶһ֣ԱΪϵǿʥߣַ䲻˵аٷְٵľ԰գųɾžͻеġ
սȤǺܴ
ͰдȻͬŮӣ°ֲУʵһָ

Ͱ
Ҫǰֲ
һҪӮ
һ羴ĺУ׾̨ɫβͲ䣬ͷСǣŹ֮
дżְںַ塣
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ͬǰǿʵȽףսʤһЩ춴ǿߡֹӵмǿ츳žѵս
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ַ̨ϡ
ƽվŰ׾֪ĵ⣬ⳡдսӮֲ䶼ڲ֮ء
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׾䣬һǵͷȣһʧʾһţͬôࡣ
̨£˫ֻأˡ
ֲ֪Ӣţͬǰǿߵϵš
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ӵַ塣ַ΢΢
һڰֲźУ˼̵Ľܺ󣬱ѸٿսһҪΪֲİ׾һʼͻɽѸ׵Ĺȥ
ͷϼŹ߷򣬺Ͱ׾ı޷ϡ
г޻һµĺ⣬ֱֱĳһͷİϮַ塣
ӵŵ޶Σ뼫ȱҲԣҪһ㣬׾ȴܴԹ߷ֲơ
ЩֲУȷǿһ޿ƥС
һĶ֣սַ塣
һδսɱ¾ĥսԷǰ׾ȳé®ܱ⡣۾磬׾ʤһࡣ
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̫Զ
ŨŨƣϻ굶Ѫɫ͹ַƻʵȫѹ׾߿εԹޱȲ԰ףսȫӡ
ô׾԰βǰĵ⣬͵ƣȫѹ
ݿֱ࣬ӻܣ

׾ص̨£ֲһ꣬޲Ŀࡣ



1415 ʵô
֮ǰȫЦ
һţԭءʵǿѵսʿ֮İ׾һ£ܡ
̫죡
쵽ǻûӦⳡսǽ
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ԴСƽ
ǣıⳡ
һ
ϾԣַҲ⡣
ߣܰ׾˵㲻ʲôûϣ˵һԴСıԡ
Ŀ꣬Ͳǰ׾ǡ
ৣֱַ̨µİģзâеĵһ
һʼĲĿ꣡

һ˫ĺɫͫâҲʵ𾪡
ȷ׾ܻܣϾˣ죬ȴû뵽ܵ˲ң۸Сһ°׾ѱܡ
ַʵԤǿˡ
˵ʵʧΪһ¡̨ϣʧǵİ׾ƶ׹£ŵĹâʱȫѡ
Ϊ˰ĺʱʧȳɹҪ
վŻĸǿ
ǿߣһǵΣÿһζӵ
꣬ǿս⡣ĸоַĿ⣬ս޷ܾ΢΢һĽýӰʱ̨ϡ
һƬȻ~~
Ⱥڣ˷ޱȡ
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Ϊַ塯꣬ܺͰĽͥ
̫ǿ
~ĵӸֳһĨɫͷϼһ˫ɫͫ綴ʱĵϢ
Ѫ
Ҫ׼սˡ
ϼַ֡Ҳʼʩչ춴β壬ƣܲٿػ춴ʹʵ䣬ս
ʮϼ֣ϵһ
âʽء
ȫ汬µİģʵβĻӳַܵѹǾ޴󣬵ַ֮𾪵ǡ
ĵĵ磡
ڶεĵַ֮ᵶ񵲣
˼ĵ磡
Կ۷춴İβȫ汬Ĺٷٸǿĵ֮
սޱȵĿ£
ʱ䣬ַٴơ
ͫǿâַǲԵʵʤĶ֣ѹ׵ľʩչ



1416 ʰ·
ͣ
ַԭֻɫħצͻ¶ɣһצָ㤹֮ɫڍڼ֮
oħצ
ʱͻȻõڰıӰϬİβ֮ϡ
һ꽻Ʒ춴ʵؼޱȣħϵռϷ磬ɫβȴĪһĨɫ
ħ԰β͸ʤ
Ǳûйϵβǰһ֡oħצʱ͹ԣַʵΣƷ춴˿۷춴
ৣǺ󳷡
׵ӸһĨʱѹơ
ʱַ䶨
ĳ徢˵ˣⲨȴʹն񱦹Ϣʱ䣬ͫкâ¶Ѫ⸡ַ֣˫ȭһҧ
꣡꣡
ϵֻoħצĴѪ˲ʱѪ֮ɫoħצ·˹µַӶ
o
ħצ粿⣬ѪҺʱںϣַ˻һͻһͻϢȻаֲoħİԵӰ¡٣
еĺڪzϻ굶Ǹ߿
ħһϵ
˿̵ַ绯ħ԰ħĸƿֱѳɣȰĵĹٷй֮޲
ַ屩Уͻӵ
ݣ˷ָɾѣ˷־ɱ¾ֶڻȻ޵ֹûκμǿ
ħ
ڪzϻ굶˺ҧַ御ְħӸһ㣬ںڰ֮УʱǼҽս
£һڰֲѿɵۡ
һʵȽֻǰǿߵ꣬ǵİĽƾУ
Ľ㣬ǻ춴ǿ߰
̫ˣ
ôôİǿߣ
ŨİħϢһþɱ¾ߣѹְ׾֣Ľ㶼·֣
飬ʱ׾ת
Ȼ⾫ʷ׳ʵսԼ֮ǰĿ֪ߵغֻշ죬޲Ҹضȥ
죬ˣ
֮ǰ׾ܵƽӹꡮһַ壬еսǺɫӰУƺԼǰӰӣͬʱҲδԼ
һ죬ҲҪôǿһҧ¶ġ
һʱʧܣʲô
Ŀ۽
ַսѪҺڣܳսһʵȵĶ֣չռıˣĲñͬÿռ
ַĵԽսԽ¡
ϵİħӳԺ֮Уڪzϻ굶oħצѳɣַ򲻵ӡ
ּҵսУͻơ
Ʃ磬
ÿһ꣬ģģġ
ʮؼޡ
ѵʮ΢ַ壬뼫޽һ֮ңۻǿҵĶ־ս⣬ֲַ徳ϵĲ֮࣬ͬϵľ硣
ĵβޣŵڶε֮ĳΡ
һսһ
ӵЍڼףַķ;Ҫʤһ֮¾İƣսУǽЩѹ
ôܣԽԽľ
ǰʵܺǿûǿֵزһѱҲʮİգŪز
£ѽ˲á
˫͸ҪӮƱҪõսԼԼӮҲʡ
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ַĳ־ս̫ǿ
һʧܣĲֹԼǰЩֲδϣģû춴ǿߣһǿ߻ܣֲĳ裡
Щβ꣬ʿȻ䡣
ô죿ɫЩ԰ѿԥ֮£Ҳࡣ

ǰǹɰѹĴ΢΢һֻǰַȻأѪ˫ͫʱָ
ǰʵǷַʰ·磬лַָ̡΢΢һЦ׵
ýˣַԶ
ڱ˵ĵ̷â¶޴ĲԼǱеŭοһսԼѾǳռࡣ
þա
һ飬յõĻࡣ
ҧҧ촽ͷϵļǰ׹ţɫβһ䣬ɽ漴ףã
ַ飬ҪС
Ƿ£ƳַһۣͷַһЦԼ˵һõ˰ĵϿɡ
Լ
žžžһֲ˷ֱܵǹƣĿⳡʵսĳȣȲ
ַ壬Ŀȫͬ
Ƕǿߵĳݣ
ֲ䣬ʵǿߣ



1417 ļ
ַ壬ʵͷӮ˰ֲġ
һս󣬺ܶΧסַ壬ߴߴͣ˰ֲΪΣ羴ǿߣͬʱߵʮֺ档
΢ЦһһַҲû뵽ԼǫãԼջ˲
ЩСʵȴÿһǰǿߣǵ֮֮ȾΣʤԼ
ԶҲЦݵĽǵɻһ˫Ƴַ壬˸ŸӸо
ղһսˡ
ʵĺǿ̲ס̾δһǿߣǿز춴ǿ߶
ϵߣôüͷ΢
һֱΪߵϵǣֹб޵ǿ߶ôģһǿֻǶ۷춴ĵطܳʲôǿߣ
ʵȴݺݵĸһƣϢ
ַǫãһ̨£°ֲ澡ʧ
š΢΢ͷ
ϲǷ顣

һսֲַ֮ܿС
ÿд轻ʱ̸½һЩ˵β˥ǿưԵ֮ĶԹȵȡ
ԽԽϤ
٫Ҳ˽ַ⡮ߡ٫Ưᣬ˳ıֲܡ
һֱܡʥŮ֮ѹֵ٫ԽԽʣЦ绨š
˵һεµ
Ǭʥַ
ţҵĵġһصͷհܸ׾񼸺ַΪżһ˫Ũü۾
ôַ
һָָͷϵļǣģ԰׽ʥɽʥ
ַͷҲһҪаβѪ
һţÿһֻܽΣһ֮ͯʱڶ꾫֮ʱ֮ͨա
·Ļ䣬һ૵һɡѡ˵һٳصģڶξޣĴʮؼޣһ˿֮Σһ̤뵶֮ż
ȭͷһִżᶨ
ѪǿҲһ㣬Ψеģǵ츳ˡͬУĵһġ
֮ѾżıԵ
żַૡ
ʩչĵǴﵽ֮ż
ĺǿ
ԼǿȴȫѹƣռŻ춴֮Ӯ
ǧ򡣡ַ
кַܶ
һ֣Ըߵ峣ߵһ·ħߵģһʮᣬͬһ
֮һ
һ˿аǿߵʵ
̤żл춴ʵ
٣Ϊƿߡ
Ҽ޷ʵڰǿм޵СַԼڵλãߵ·
Ѫ٣ħСɡ
弫ǿ֮һ˿
Ϊϣսˡ
Ҷ԰ħ࣬ڴˣźܿ򡣡ַа⣬
ַеİ
Ҳ֪ôߡ
ҿɣõ𰸡ַЦЦһ
֣һ˷ޱȡ
ַܺǿд˵ǳ
ַԣһĵ֮ϣѹƱʵһƾԾͬջСȻҪʵս졣
ǵ

ڰֲÿһ죬ַ嶼쳣ʵ
°빦ʱĥħֲϵС
ÿһַ꣬嶼ܽг֡
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ַһ磬ս䡣
սȻͬƣȴʹߵİ۾һǿһȣַ壬ַѹʵ
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һδεĽ棬˲ͬд
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
һٱˣͫдž֮ɫ
ԶĲ֪ʱǵһ˫鶯˫ֱַͫ壬Ŀԣ촽Ҵȥһط



1418 Ǭʥ
Ű²УַҲǺ档
ֲ㣬ϲǲ˵סƽ֮²Ǹֶصٹ԰أ޳ȵȣ²㡣
֮ǰַҲȥ²㣬Ⲣǰֲ֮
ǬʥַĿ⾼ǰòˡͨʯ֮ǰһɨĲδܡ
ɡҲδԣֱӱ̤롣
ַţ֮롣
Բ°ĻẦͰֲദ֪һܴӼ򵥵Ⱥжģûʲôӵۡ
һ룬ַ֮һݡ
ΧϢȻ䣬һضǿѹ֣Ŀһ޴ʯһʯʯʯ룬Ű˸ɫʯҫ۹â
Ǭʥ
ַԺУٿرǸֳĸ֡
ĲδǼǰţĿʯ룬ǰ˸˼Ĵɫʯ
ǬʥҰβ漯ƣΪı츣ᡣ
ͣ½ŲɫߵƤӳδһ˿磬ɫȻ˸Ǭʥֱǽʥʥʥǹʥצʥʥʥʥȭʥ
Ȼ
ַĿȥǴɫʯ䣬Լɿһѵһѽޣȱÿһʥ޼оͬ
֮Ե֮ʣ֮ƻצ֮
Ǳʵĵĸ
šйâһٿ֧صİ׽Ƕʱ֣˹Ұβһİ׽ǣ
һ٣δ˵ȥַ壺ٷ󴳰ֲ䣬βҲԵԹٷ򼤻׽ɽǬʥ
ֻһΣ²Ϊ
԰գתȥȻǷ飬ˡ
~~
Ӱ漴ʧ
ַһ֧׽ǣĪû뵽Լ֮٣˻رһԣǬʥǣһҲֻܽΡ
ǰֲıء
ֲˣȷʵ鴿Ϊַ̾ѣϵκһ۹ҲǿȺıذ
ʹůַ¶һĨЦݡ
Լ󴳰ֲ䣬ȷʵβЩԵ֡
Ŀ˸ӨǬʥַһ漴ס׽ǡ
~
ͫʱһٷʩչ׽Ǽϣǰ˶ҲǸٷ򣬰ĸղֹԼ֪׽ǵӦڷ
ʮ֮˾ţǱɱ
~~
âӰ׽ͷַɲ֮䣬ǰһǬʥ𣬽Ӧ
ȻַһЦ
ûκ⣬ԼӦģǵ֮Ǭʥ
ܶǬʥȫ˽⣬еһЩѶϢҲֻһ˵ⲢַĽ룬׽ͷŵǬʥһš
˲䣬ַС

̤~
ַо̤ʵء
ǰסҰʱɢоĴڣ츳֮ЩƬδ֪ǬУʲô츳֮깲
ʱ䣡
ַ
ããУڶǿռ䣬׶ʱ䣬ԼһǬʥʱ伸ֹͣģֻ˵ﲢûʱĸ
һѭܶʼ
ֹͣǱʱ䷨ƿص򡣡ַףа̾㱦βȻͨ
ַоˡ
ռ䷨򣬶Ӧ塣
ʱ䷨򣬶Ӧꡣ
΢ȷȷʵʵĸо
ԽǿܴԽáַ΢΢һЦԼʵʱԲͨν١
ʵҪ
Ҫǣջʲô
ַǰţ֪俪ȥƬسŵ֮۾ܸо֮Լ·赶

ҵĵ̫֮ôַૣǰУҲÿһֲ룬ҵͻơ
ԼȻҲ⡣
ܿ죬ַ˵һأһƬƺ֮еĵڣ֮ıһʯϣһѶ۷춴
~~ַ뵶ڣ
Ÿ򣬵ȸԾΪͣվʮصļ޵ַ壬Լ˰Ĺâ
֮
ϵһ㶼ǵޣַ֮Ȼ㣬һһ˿֮
һΡ
Ҫ̤뵶֮żַ뿪ڣڣشεģڵԼ˵ôû´ǰӦûиرأ



1419 ɽ
Ǭʥ⡣
ľڵ⣬žϣһ˿ƽַǬʥôȻøΡ
Ͼַ岢ǰβ塣
֪ߴáƳĵʥֲһһνһ죬ڶǰ£һҡ
ԽǿʱԽ
Ȼһߵһ죬Ǭʥеһ죬ǬʥҪʱĻһ൱ڰꡣ
ۣҲǽ״̬

ʱַ壬뿪ڣ󣬺ܿҵڶء
һƬãɳĮХɳƮһɳӰɳƮ̲İԵɳϣ򵥵ȴӳԺ
~ַ˫貶
һһɳӻӰԵĿΪսַѸٽ״̬Ȼ޵嶯ȴ⡣
һδεĻӵƬɳĮϡ
߳߳߳
ĻɳһɫӰ촩ַ˫ͫȻȴɳ⣬δյ񶼲Ҫ
׵ǿڡϰĿ˸һ˿֮
Լľ磬ѵ
ѭ򽥽ַнףѹһΣÿһθպͻһ㡣һǵģԴԵڣڶǷɳԴɳĮ
ô㡭
żַо˸
ǰн˲֪ãǴɳĮһƬ𶯵Ļɽشһɽҽ֮ǱճɻҽΪޡ
ɽÿһɽͬ
и߸ߴģаСƽ̹ģߵģҲŮɢģַҽ֮أҽʴһ˫ͫǰһɽ
ģȫС
֮ǰķɳƣĻɽͬһַ徲վĿתĿŻɽ䣬һһΡ
ÿһΣһѭ
絶ʩչһ飬ɽ緢类򱶲ֹҽϸȫŴ󣬸׹۲죬Ҳ
ɽַԺһӰ֣ȴѳΡ
֪Ϊ粻ԵʣղƬɳĮ֮Уһ˿֮ģɳ⡣
̫ࡣ
ʶ޷Ρ
ણַͣ˫ּٱţŲƶһ˫ͫδ뿪ɽÿһΪ飬ĥ
һΣһΡ
ǸоˣַһϲǸоüͷʱأƬ˵Уַ򵶷
ʱţͺƵ֮꣬

ޣһľɽ֮С
Χſռɽоۼʮ߸ǿߣ壬ħ弰壬½壬ϵǿߡ
Ҿۼڴˣܻ֤Ѿ˽⡣˵һӣɫаӰŶħϢȴģ
࣬۹ǿߡ
ħѪʥ24λʵ൱¡
һδ֪磬˵ˣԽʥǿߵĴڡ¾ʥ
ֹ壬ﻹ壬e壬кƿߡһڵӰ˵
Ϊ½Ǳޣһ֮ĵطһƵڡ
һʱһƬ顣
ʥƺ֪ܶࣿɫһаȻ
ֻɽ˳ǡ֪ġǶһ㡣ʥǷߣƽͰ͵ģǴ޼
˳ǣ
˽ǵһ֣ʱ
֪ʥɷһо
ʥ˻Ƶͳûʲô÷ģ˳ǲңֻҪײϱ޵壬֪˳ǵλãǱľۺ֮ء
½ԻԻͺ𽥱ǨȡһҶ并Ӳд
Щ㲻ʲôܣ˳һ֪
ʥ˵žҿһɫףƣ۵۾
ʥͷȻ
һЦ׿ĿɨˣƵƾ֮ѽˮߴңڱ࣬һ壬ǿ
½Щϵʥ춴㲻ʲô
ڼʥӵӣѲٸʤ̭ʵ㲻11ԪǶӳڶһ
˫żҰģҿԺܿ϶ĸߴҡ
ǲ
ӳڶǶȥ
Ϊǡ


1420 
ǡ
Ļõ޲һ
ڳʥǿߣҲδǡĸ֣϶һʺţ곤ķʥҲüͷ
Ҳżӹżпġ
мһȽϾ޴ΪˣǱҲ𽥱󡣡
ŨĿռֻ˵տռ
ɫһĿ⵭ɨˣǲôһ򣬸Ϊӳڶɣ̫ǿ
˵ͷ
ȷһ⡣
ǣǲͬҪտռά֡һֱܣпռܼ֮ȻǺڶ
ԽߵȵĺڶռԽǿ
ߴ۹ӳڶԶδ˥ڵĵزҴӵһ׶ν뵽ڶ׶Σٶ֮ȫϳ֮ǰһֱûҵԭ򣬵ڡ
˫ͫ
ԻȻΪʥǿߣڸԵĵ۹λȨأӳڶѶϢ֪࣬һֱΪʲôӳڶ˥ر졣
Ϊӳڶ̫Ĺϵ֮ΪǸдɣδϸϸۣϾ˥ڵڶ׶ǵ˭Ҳ޷ֹ
ԭ֣һЩʥ߷߲ƽ
ûǸǱ
бױΣͬҲǵĻᡣҿˣƿ࣬ϵΪʲôѳΪƿߣΪռ΢ô
ǵֻҪڼܳΪƿߵģǵޡ
Ļ߹ƻ
Щʥǿ˵ΪƿǱ׷󣬲ֹΪʵΪ
Ϊﲻһʥѵǿܵסӳڶıը
ӳڶıըεȾ޴
ǺƿߣҲɡ
ң½ӳڶģըڲݻ
Ȼ֮ǰѾ˵ˣбܵġɫһ˵
ܣ
֪ˣ۹֮ӻȻ򣺡Ҫտռ˥ڵӳڶռ𲽼١
ղʱեӳڶԴ֮ͻ뿪Ѱڶ
ԭˡס
ͷʥΪ֮ӣȻҲ֪뿪һӳڶըǰȥ
ˣ˵ҶѾ˵ˣ뿪ҾֹΪʧȥġԼĻᡣ
ǵٶȣԤ11Ԫڣ1Ԫ
ϵΪ泾
ĻһըըʥУϾ롣
ߣ·һ
뻹дĿԣ
Ҳߣ־ͬϣϣжԹͬЭɫȻ˫ȣҪ
ֻлϣ
飬Ǵһˡͬˣ

Ǭʥ
ַ֪ѽ£ߵ£Ǭʥʱ䣬Ȼǰšڵһ£ַѾջɽ
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֮Ϊõ֮ƸΪ
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ߣϰ꣬ǧҲܿ뵶֮ż
°빦
䣡ַɾһնǰǲ㱡ıż̤һµĵ·֮ǰ޷֣ʱԺ

һͷХֵ
ַ߳һӣޱǻ˹һӣצһӣ֧׵籼ڣ
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ǵ֮ľ硣ַ꣬ͫ
ԽǿԽ͸Ǭʥ²ε񵥵춴࣬޵Ԥ
ǺͰٱһΣŲ趯ñҲӮַ΢΢һЦ
ңӮȫԸ
~~
ַңԶ޼ʵǰ˶Դ¾ʹľͶ䶼ǵ⡣΢΢һЦַ漴뿪Ƭɽǰµıء
ڴ
ֻʲô



1421 
ԽĻɽ֮·ûյ㡣
֪˶ãַһƬѩѩ֮أѩӨӨƮ£һѩ֮Ӱʱ£ѩ֮ӰϢȻǡ
ѩΪԱΪ
ַ˫ͫƬѩ֮УѩӣһĨ䣬ȫص⾳֮С
֮٣
ż֮ϵľ磬̤뵶֮ı־ʵȽ׻㣬Ǿǡƿս

ʱţתһǹȥ
Դ˵ⲻһգ۵飬Ǭʥַ壬Ҳû˿оΪʱ伸ͣٵġ
רעһµʱʱĺܿ졣
Ǭʥ⡣
ৣ~
ŰɫߵƤİٿ۾ɫâǰһͬƤŮӰӱȰ԰ǳɫƤֻ
Ľ㣡öǳɫƤŮӡ
壬ôˣ΢΢һ
ǳɫƤŮӡ塯Цˣȥء
ô
۾һףЦĽôʱȥ˳ǽ˰
ޣԡĲ˼ЦЦ
˳ǣ½ľۼ֮أɱ޵ĳǿߡ˻ʡȺﹺ򽻻Ʒعʵȵȡ
ֲͰλͬΪβ壬ϵС
ÿһǰ˳ǣһǰȥҲиӦ
ûôָǬʥ
ǰⶼһˡĿȥҲЩԭΪӵܴѾû뵽һһ롣
һͨˣҲʹһͳܲסˡ
Խ󣬶ѹԽ
㣬ȻǿˣǬʥЩء
֪ף˸ֻǻһ顣
εʼ磬ðɣӦҲˣҰ㿴žУĽ㣬ȥɣðȼˡ
Ǿ鷳ˡͷ

Ǭʥڣַѩǣһѩˡ
ĵ
ѩƮ䣬ʱ˫ͫһͷ֮ѣƱޱңƬѩ֮أŵȻɱȻ¡

ַĵƣǧ޿ƥС
籩֮ȴƽѩշ磬ǾﲻѣȻͬĵںһ
˰ɡַ峤һ
вûеղŵĵȫĶ˳ĶǬʥ򣬼򵥶ʵ
ǿѧױѩˡַ΢΢һЦ
ѡ
ͻ֮꣬һһʽĥֱڲܡʩչѩ֮ǰĻɽȣѩξҪ̫ࡣ
ҵҲйϵ
ǻ춴࣬ʩչ°빦
ַૡ
ⲻ֪ڵٶ൱£Ǭʥ£̤뵶֮żһ£֮ٵʡ
ǿǵ֮١
ĺƿߴڣ˼ĳţһƿ߲ǧѼԪַǧ궼Ѿһ㣬ʵˡ
ڹ˶ã
һ꣬꣬ꣿ
ַ˼
Ƭʱֹͣʥ磬ȷʱ䡣ȻԼ츳֧֮ţܼȥѾûҪ
Ҫѩϰǧϡַ
֮٣ҪżߵĶࡣ
ϰǧ꣬Ҫ꣬ʱبؾֻǷңϰԶԶ
ʵս
ʵսи򣬸ͻơ
ս֮
ԵɣսΪսԵǿ󣬸̡
ˡַƳһ۱ѩ֮أԼ̻֮Լһѩ
ȻֻǺͨϾθߡ
ƿߵĵ
ѧͺķ֮ãѩѶȡ
ϣлٻһַ֮Ŀѩ֮غ󷽣һƬ֪ʲôܡ
ܺ档
δͨѩ֮أ޷ٽһ
β棬ʥʵǵУֻǳƿߡַ尵ૣǿ߶ڴˣ½ܻࡣ
ַ̾漴뿪Ǭʥ
~~
ǰâطֲ䣬ַ࣬ȴоһʺƽ֪䣬Ӧ˰ֲ
֪٫ʲôַ⣬΢΢һЦȥ
ޣ



1422 ˭սô
߳Ǭʥַ㷢ֻһˡ
ĲǰģһǳɫƤŮӣӱȰ԰ĸСһЩɫβţ֧ĴԼ
áַ΢Цк
ðĽķ깦ѫǸϵַ࣬壿ı΢΢һ̡
ķ깦ѫʲôַ岻
޳ĽëһƲǬʥΪܽһҲֻܽζѣҪǬʥҪ֮˺ķѹѫܻûᡣ
ѫǶȺĹףÿ궼ᷢš͵Ľ㹦ѫߣΪ˰㣬׬Ĺѫȫȥˡ
ַüͷ΢΢һء
ԺиֳĲЦӣ֪ĵ˼ѣȴ˴ֻʶãԸ˰Լ
Ľأַʵ
ӼءӣС΢̣˵ˣʱȥ˳ˡ
ַһ
˳Ҳ
ţæɣʱٵлַһЦ
漴뿪Ǭʥ

ʯҡ
ԽӴ԰ˣһŽս׵üŮӣͬɫüëŮ
ǰֲ仹ǰ䣬ǰβķ֧Źͬ
ɫβͣͷһԹǡ
֧ͬͬЩ˸ЩݣЩƤ𪣬ЩƤԺڵȵȡ
ˣżױϵüͷϵĹǸ̸һЩ
ʣ˵Сʺܲ۾΢Цϴʱ䣬ȻǱѰ
üŮӰЦչӭǲţеǰҫչδ꣬ͨ߹Ĳ
ޣһﲻѣͨսʿ޷ͨͨ
üŮӰЦЦǿǿɡ
ǿǰѾ׹ˡŮӭ΢СԴͫһָ߰š
չ΢΢ϻ
Ůӭ˫ֱ˵ˣҸԪĳţ˵ͬˣǽ뱱սʿҸ֡
չȻЦûôţֻдһ£δȫ
ǫ飬չӺͫе԰ȴԶ׼
~
ˬʶЦоһţ޵ȻʤҰβд˺ᣬδڡ
Цԣ˴׼ȥ˳Ǽʶһ¡
᲻е㡭ãվڰԵİü
ȷеðաͷ
Խ츳׿ԽǿߣԽҪȹ̵Ĵûһһӡһ뿪ǰ˳ǣΣա
ϾӲ䵽˳ǵ·̣
޷޷Ц
ʲôϵҸʵͿڱ޴ˡŮӭ촽΢ĳˣҲɱǡ
չ΢һ֣ɷģԱ
΢΢ףðɡȥĥһҲǻ£аĺͰʱǣӦûʲô⡣
Ц˵չء
һٿȻһЦã~~

ʯҳıŰһˣڰֲĴ˵Ҫһȥ˳ǣ׼ˣֲδ׼
кܶҪҪ۵ģҪɹģԤ㷽ȵȣҪü۶¡
üǧûˡЦݣƳģôֲʲôĺ󱲣
Ӧ׾ͨսʿ֮á
ޣʵˣһεĲ
ĵͷǧ꣬ͨ
ŶЦЦ
չͰӭҲǻһЦΪΡͨӢ߹
ʵӭͨӢѾһʱ䣬չ˵һİβᣬǰҪһ㡣
šףȷʵ㡣
˵䣬һ̨ߣֵĵطֲΪ˸д輼գַڰֲ硣
ͣ£ų̋ļ¶޵Цݡ
ٿȻ䡪
ಣ
һɫӰֱӴܳȴǰӭССԣĳʹñ̨ԭ޲һûӦǰ׹֣˲䡮žžֱӳϡ

ֱӱ̨⣬ϻʹ
̤ӭڱ̨ϣ˫֣һ
ǰӭ˭սô



1423 
ӭ磡ɫٱ䡣
ֹɫѿۼȺ걻̨β޵ϣÿһһһŽ̳ġ
ӭǺ
ʱ԰չץסʵ֣Цʽ㣬㻹˽ӭԸôﲻһҲŮӣϲ֡
ѵֲ䣬ôҲôŻ
ʽ촽Ҫȴ֪ôڣЩӲӭľٶŮԣ൱ҳ
䣬
Ӯֲʹм϶
˿̣Ѿֹˡ
ֲۼԼ˱۸ĻסʱһŮһԾֲ̨飬ս㣡
ȵδ롣
գ֮ʤ֣ŮͰӭʵ֮ͬһǵβޱ㽫̨ȥӭﱳ˫֣΢СԴһ



䣡
һһ
ֲ걻̨նʱϢʵǿİ׾ڰֲУΨһһͨ俼˵ġ
Ȼܡ
ӭһŮӣʵɲ⡣
ǻܰ׾һսҲδñֱӵ˵δȫĿɨһڰȺ꣬ӭԼµİչһֿС
ֲ䣿
ǰȣԶˣ
Ľ㣬ǰֲ̫ȱʶչȻһЦ԰˵ǰȡǾʽƴĩβҪ̭ȥԴʵǿĽࡣ
ˣǵȶȣͻǿࡣ

Ϊչ˵̸еѿΪӭľٶ˵ֲȫŵ֮¡
̵ã
ʵҲʵ
ҪӮӭֻԼϳԴСȥֲֹҲǻˡϣԼҫ
εȵ裡
ɶ񣡡ĽȭǾ
ûսôӭһ˿Ϸʺ͵⣬һһ˫ͣɨӣ䵽ʱζЦЦ
˼·˵
ңҧҧ촽аһȴ޷̵áϾϣ֮˴Ҳˡ
£Ҫ
ڴʱ
ԶõİһǵǳϤȴǰȺˣʵֻѷһġ
ַ壡
Ǭʥˣ
ĿۣԲϵַ壬ڣʱѵӭߵļиеϢ
ߣǿʵ
㲻ǰβġʵ
ַ粽ǰҵȷǰβģǰֲġô˵ֻаβսô
⡭
԰չսû⣬ƽ
ﲻƽַ巴ʡ
չüͷһأͱô󡣡ַ忴ģӭȴŮģһ֪
ö󣿡ַ
ǧꡣչָȻһ¡
ַ΢΢һЦвõͷ
~~
˽ǵһ
ûɣַڲꣿ
ʲôЦ
չɫеѿֵֻǰǿߣԻ춴ǲƽ
ৣ~
ɫâСɵĹٷ
պãҲǰǿߡַ岻סİչߵǰ棬΢΢ףһлл漴Ծϱ̨
ĲãպÿղһĻ
Ľ㣬ֲѣַԲӲɰҫοֲЩʵǰŮȷʵһ㡣
ģӭｿȵ
ַӦֲģһѵ
һֱѣǰֲַ֪꣬ʵҲӭʵ
ַȫԸӮļҲɡ
ڣã
㣡ӭ᲻ѣλߵӣУһѱ˲ʱ֣ӭͷϹԣ
߷
ǿĹ֮ʩչӭﱦһˣʱ湦ʩչʮصĽĸһ˿֮ʵ㲻
ӭǿԹ߷ĸ
ȫѹưֲ꣬ӭĹ߷ѳСɣﵽϣ츳Ǹá
һ˫˫Ŀעų̋ۼӭ磬Ѿҿˡ
ղţǰֲһͰһ
ûеַ壬Ӯ
Ǻǡչ˫ֻأʤȯյЦţһ԰Σеͻǲεģǰ䣬ǿ
û˿ַ塣
˴˼ʵ࣬
ķչԶǳϵġ
ַ壬ˡ



1424 ̫£
޵е
ַĵ磬ûл춴ӳɣǿ˹Ǭʥ䵶ɱ䣬Ķսʱʮؼ޵Ķδǡ
֮ż
ڵ֮١ľ磬ǴԵ
磬ʤյİġ
ֳһѺɫսεĵ⻯ǿַ嵶֮һ̨ȫ֣һڰֲ굹һ
ʲô
ÿһһ˿ǲİ
ż
ǵ֮ż
һֱʱչûб飬ȴȽһĨЦݣĿڴʯȻ£㵶ӭս
һΡ
ôܣüͷų̋ǵɫӰ֮Ǹ֪ð꣬ǺҲѷɫ
ȫѹƣ
ӭΣַ壬ûκһռţۻƥĵ֣Ƿȫ
£ͱµ̨¡
ûа㷴
ãչ¶֮ɫӹӭĽ¶ŭ֮ɫַŭȵдѣô֣
֣
ַĿ⵭һƳֻʧȥսѣϢһɻָòزղ԰ֲµ֣ɱֻزᡣ
ĿƳ̨£ղǼӭ̨İ꣬ü϶޺ۣܵ˲أ൱ĳ裡
ʶҲδ̫顣
ֲԼˣԵرοЩİӴˣ˴˼һ
ۼˣԹۣ
㣡չҧĿֱ죬֮ǰķѲֻ˼̤޴棬Ǳ߰ʲŸշӦɫ˲䣬һãչһԾ
Ҫսչȵ
Ӣü֧ɫâһ˫ܻͫȼţ̤ϱ̨бϵĳʣֱַָ壺Ҹ㣬ǰ䲻Ǻ۸ģ
ģҪʮ
˵䣬˽ը

ַκδʱ䣬չҫ˲ʱʩչ֧۵ǿҲӹ⣬ɾ磬֮ڡ
ȣ
Ƚһâ
֮ż
ǿ֮һݣ¹չʵϾͨ߹Ĳʵ֮ϡ
չʵʱ֮һ
β壬ĳѾˡ
δ꣬ʵһ꣬ܿܿޣɾͰβսʿ
Ǳ߰ȴ̾һԹܲסչãԽԽ·ͣøġ
ԽҲԽ۶ϡ
չӮ£Ҳ㶪ˣ˼ҲΪίʵ̫ݡ
䡭
ʿЦһҡҡͷǺݺݵĸԼһ⣬˷۱
ӦáӮɣų̋ǺɫӰȴûаסͰչġţͬḻࡣ
ֱڣ޷Ǻڼʵ
һ̶׵ĺˮ
԰Լ˵ǿߡǲԸǵģΪԶ֪ϲŶٵƣʵжֲ
ÿµĽ
ģǽ֮żôܣ
ȸղŮǿˣ
̨£ֲ֮ȴǰչչֳʵ൱ֲ
ʱ

ַĵˡ
ۻսһ˿ɱԲԴСǰǿߣǬʥǰַûаա
ڡ
ɽַʩչֱӣɽ緢䣬֮ǿ
չʵ䶼ȴ
Ͼδꡣ
˵ǰ㣬ҲԶַַ֡˫ͫѪħս˲ͷţþսõİչ֮һ
ǰǵħӰħ¡
˲䡪
ཻ
ܣ
ôôǿ
չʱɴ۾ֻһɰ˲䴫սĻڷ飬ֲĳ徢Խϴѹơ
ΪĽ֮磬ݻٵķѡ
žžϣ
ȫѣչǸ߰ģǻȻĵУʱΪУȻ˫ͫչ۵Ѫڵ¡
һ
һѲҰܣ

չˤڱ̨±ߣĲҰףȻǵɫӰг־壬Ⱳӿ¶ӰһβҰܡ
̫£


1425 뿪
̨£һƬȻ֮ɫ
ֲǣûӦǰһɲǻΪչǾ˽𺧣ʵ֮£һɲǡ
ȴǱһֱӴӿ¡
޻ɣޱȵһ
ˣҰܣ

ʲôַôôǿ
ûɡ
һֲ㵣Ȼ˲䱬ޱ˷ܻڣЩǽ˫ȭ˷ܵĿ˻ŭһйͷŭޣ
֮ǰǱһ
ĺã
ǣҫ
ǰֲ䣬ݵðŰ裡
ַ磬̫ˣ
ˣַ磡
һƬȸԾ֮
Ǳ߰Ҳ¶Цݣ˵ַôЩӣǱ˸ģԼġ
Ҫַ壬춪ľͲǰ䣬ǰֲˡ
Ƿһˡҡͷȴһ󣬴Ķࡣ
ȻˣǷĿģǷ⡣
ллַ壬૵
ǱߣҲǴȻ״̬лָг̾̾
ɻͰչ˵죬ˣҪ̫ڼʹˣġ
ϣһεĽѵǼסɡƳַ壬𵴡
ǵһμһǿߡ
ʵǿֵز
ңҲûаӮĻᡣףɫӣû´Ӧϵ࣬ʲôʱ򡭡ϵྐྵǿֵز
½ѪȲǣ
üͷ
һֱܵһƬҡ

һʤ
ַʱΪֲġӢۡЩǳݵĶһΪݣѧַĵǿزɡ
ַ磬ҵòã
ַ磬һдһ°ɣ
ַ磬ĵôİôô
ֲΧסַδа㲻ͷĵһţĿԶԼЦ٫ɵæô
ޣӢۡ٫Ц
ҲȡЦҡַΡ
С٫һ˫Ըе촽΢ֻ̣ǿϧô˼ս˵ӵĵͻơżˡ
ַͷǬʥѧ˺ܶࡣ
٫ӣҲȥһˡ
лġַһЦĿٿ¶ԶһϤӰĽӽǰģĿֱԼͷ
ַ漴˹ȥ

δл㵱Ԯ֮ףһ˿ҰԵϣٷǰǧ֮⣬Ƕ˼С
ַ֮͡΢ЦЩ㲻ûϵ
ҡҡͷվ̨ҲδӮչʵĺǿһ٣ĺеһЦַ壺ҲǷ̡
ҰβԪѵһţһҰ¡
ַһܶ˵аһס
ĵͷͿܲͨˡ
ַʢԲӰչõĹĿɼһ㣬һԸͦ׵ˣôҲȥ
еţǫ˵ġ
ţа˵ʱ
ϣˡĵͷסʧܣܱĸǿˣҾҪ˳ǣ٫ҪҪȥ
ʱ䣬֮ѾԶ
ַЦЦ
Ѿоֻǲ֪٫ô
Ľ㣬鷳һôַ
˵ĵ
ַ˫ͫڵһȥ˳Ǽʶһ¡
ţ΢

ģַ漴ȥ
Ǳߣ٫ҲͰֲĻȣ˵˵ЦЦΪܻӭַһЦҲ⣬Լ٫ĸ졣
Ưƣûлۣܻӭ
ĺˣ٫Цַ塣
šַ٫Цŵͷ֮ĹϵЩ΢ѣˣһ䡯йĽ顣
󣬰ĽҪ˳ǡַ˵Ҵһȥ
ޣ
٫һ
֪˳ģֲ䲢һ·ϹȥΣգһʲô뿪½بؾʱͲˡ
Ҳ˵
Ҳ뿪ڲ㡣ַ٫΢΢һЦ
Ƭ½ԶҪԼ֪ĸǿ󣬻صϵҪƿߺѣռԣȻĵء
ߣԼبؾ50%ͱ޲졣
Լ˵аһס
أַ٫ʵ
ҡ٫˸



1426 ǰ˳
ֻ΢΢˼٫չüЦ빫ӹˡ
ַ࿼һ£
٫ҡҡͷƬƽĵɽȣһ˫ˮ룺ȥ󡭡Ҳ֪ȥϵȴ֮ϾڴһԴУ֮
ַ٫Ҳ֪롣
ΪʥŮػ֮ΪΣǾ˲ٿصĳľżʲôɼ³ΪʥǿߣȻˣûаɿԡ
ϵ
ο٫ǱҪϵʣ11ԪͻƳΪƿߣ뿪ӳڶԼΪ㡣
ֻҪܻȥгɹϣ
ʥǿӦò١ַ
٫ţʥǿ߱Ͼ2000Ԫϵһģ11ԪܷͻƣϾƿ߲ңɼ
ַͷЦ˴ǰ˳ǣܼϵʥҲ˵һ
٫ȻһЦҲȥ
á

һ˱ǳ
ɰĺͰḻͷַ壬٫չӭ˸棬տʼЩңϾ֮ǰ̨һսսá
չӭñϾ꣬Ҳ졣
ʢַ廹൱أϾַǿƾʵŪ١һк󣬺ܿ˵˵ЦЦ˸ҡ
Ľ㣬˳ǴҪã٫ʵ
ðաһϸΧһߴǰ˳ǵ·кüĵȻһ·ֱУ¾ܵ
ŞeӵĺӵߣƵ·Ƚ϶࣬Ҫĸ²ܵ
Ȼȫ·Ҳ˶١
٫Ϊʲôȫ·
ĵ·Ҫʱܵνġȫֻһֵһ׼ڱʲôܷ
ںӵߣҲܻᱻeϮƿߡ
ϣߵ·Ѿ㹻ȫҾһЩҲ޷Ȩĥˡ
ЦֻҪ˾С
󣬰չͰӭ˫ȸȸԣǶѾͨȴδɱ൱ڴ
֮ǰַһսǶࡣ
ս飬Ҫ
ַ٫ƽࡣ
ײĳѾܶΣҲʲôͷۣǵƣҲơԣֻҪ˾ͺð졣

½eͨ˴
e֮иӴĞe壬вʶźӵȫģһٻϢںӵǸϲɽ֡
ڞe壬лϮ࣬һ˵嶼йʶйͬĵˡ
ȻⲢǰٷְ׼ȷeҲϮܻɱ
żǻɹ
һ㶼ĳ˴ӣʮβ棬ΪһСӡ
ͬĳˣʵܴܺ󡣡
һʵҼǺˡʽ˵һΪ2׵3ףĳ˵Ϊ3׵5ףԽӽ5׵ĳˣʵԽǿ
ᣬѪͬʱҲǿĹֶΣʵ˵ʵ
Ϊͨ㣬֣ۿɼΪɫͬͨᣬųϵᶼˡ
ᣬΪɫɫ
ᣬΪ͸ɫϾɫ
ɫ͸ɫĳˣҪӣΪͨ˸ǿ󣡡
ַͷ
֮ǰ֪ԭô֡
֮ǰɱˣͨˡַ⣬Ҳ95%˶ͨģ߻ӵıޣͨ˸ࡣ
ԽͨԽҪĥ£
ˣ˻ôôַ
šʴ޿ƻңʵ㶦ĿΪ͸ɫΪӽʵ
eĴʣͳ챱޵Ğe塣
࣬ȴֻһ˻ʣͳ壬˳ǣڱ˵ЦЦ
ַ尵ݡ
˿˻ȷʵ൱֮ǿ
˻ҵż񣡡չͷ˫񣺡ϣгһգҲܳΪ˻ǿߣβ𣬽βǣ
һԵģ磡ӭȭ
ַЦЦ
־¾ɣѵðչд˺Ըȷһ¡
Ҳʲô˵ëⱾŵȨҪǣģǳĿƴŬǾ͹ˡ
䣬ٿء
ţַ֮һݣ֪Ƚһ
ৣ
ַɫȻ仯



1427 һֱô
ʮˣ
ַٿһͺȣ٫ϤӦҲ죬ַһǰһֱӴӿĺˮ֮У缲硣
ĺͰһȻٿҲǸӦɫٱ䡣
Ȼ״̬İչãͬˮ֮УֻǵĸӦٶȺַȣ̫ࡣ
С
~~
ѹѹһƬ˶ɹնȾһƬ֮ɫδֱͣӱǷɹҲעӲe֮еϢ
½ϵ˵ĸӦǿ
ˮռ䷨ܵһ谭ƣˮeڶ࣬ӦeӺ͞e岫ûôɵ
κ
ৣৣৣ
ӰһƬˮӞeһԾ
֧СӣʮĸˣͨˣʵǸղſǡַĸ֪ǳ˵ɫһ
ֻͨˣвԲ
չͰӭãɫЩȻ
ʮĸˣǣ
Գé®˵һж¶ģֻ֪൱ֲ
һķգ¡Ҳ
ḻ֪˫ʵԱȡ
һ˲ƣǿ߶࣬ǿû⡣ֻղӦ̫ǲϽeӣһʮĸˣİʮô죿
ȵǸӦʱӾˡ
ȫһǱϾȥ˳ǣִĥʵЦ
šַ岢ν
Щս׬ȡһ㾧״ģ岻Ǻܴ󣬺߲һռͣ״ĲֵǮ
չЩδȴǵһӭںڵĴ۾ֱַ壬ŵַ㡭ղôӦģ
ַӦٶȺÿ찡ʾ޲ѡ
ַЦЦ
Լ쐻޿ջȻսģô󣬳ǿĸ֪ѾξԼ
εľ˶ַ࣬㳬ǿĸ֪ʹޱȰȫ
ʵǿСӣҲܾܡ
·;УżҲչĥ£֡
ַһԹۿ
ǲƽӵģΨʵȥ
ӸտʼĽţ֮󽥽˳չ𽥷ӳս
ǰչַܵ壬ʵȰĺͰʲ
䳬֮ʵ
·ܻ̿еΣգֻҪ˳ǵΧͺˡʵ
źӵǰȫһֱźӵ
˳ǣ½
Ҫ߶ãַʵ
ʮҡĵһⲻ󣬱Ͼ˳ǣ岢ôûżҲõʱ򡣡
ЦЦչӭҲ൱սѪĳˣƾ֮Ҳһϸ¡
չͰӭԲͦͦء
Ȼһ㲻ôģ˵һһ·ϣ˶û
һֱôáĵ

ˮ·תΪ½·վʹܶࡣ
һ㣬ַ֮ǰѾᣬ½ûж֮ɽָɽִޱߵƽԭѡ
˵ҰУƽԭɽ֣ûʲô
һ죬ƽ˾
ڶ죬Ȼƽ˾
Ȼ²˾֧˶Ϯ˵Ѵ֮ǽ
ַ弸ûô֣ڵԣͨĳѾûս
죬죬졭
֮ÿ춼һ˶ϮǱһߣһֱôãʮʱѾ˺ü˶顣
һΣ֧˶顣
˵ȫʤȻ˲
ܵˡһȻʮóûʲôˣѹеģĿչãǵǾȣսʮ㡣
ǳţ»
ΣЩѰüͷ΢
ַͷʽ˵Խ˳ӦԽ٣ǡǡ෴漸ÿһˣĿ൱֮ࡣ
˳ǣĵ̡
Ϊĥ£Խ˳ǣ˾Խ١
ʲôµģٶ඼£ӭͦ˵ظŵ˵Щսʤǰδеǿ
ţǺǿչҲЦŵͷ
ĺͰʻһۣû˵
ٿء
ǿ٫
ַ弰΢΢һ˳٫ָȥȴһƬϷһѶѵᾣɳ𣬾һڣ㡣
Ǳɱ࣡ʾ
ٿطһ䣬ȵСģеУ
˶ʱʮ־ɫһַתͷԶ֮΢΢𵴣кɫâ֣ǣѾˡ



1428 Ӯˣ
ʮһͷĳˣʱһ䡣
鷳ˡɫҲء
һε٣ȫĳˣɿȰ֧СӣǿŮ෴ǣչʿ߰ǳţ»
ǣս
߳ӮĿܡ٫ɫƽжϡ
ʵҲδػʮһͷĳˡʺͰҲǵͷս׼˵Σտܣ٫ԣⳡսǲ·硣
٣Ǿ
ĳûֲȫǡַٿؿڣõ΢΢һ㵡
Ȼ䣬Զ쳹ʮһͷսǿ߼۸ʮͷĳ˸棬ǰͷĳˣᲢɫǡ
ɫ
Ѫĵڶ
ѹ֣
ǿߵǣ
ʱȫף֮㺮
ʮһͷĳˣʮͷĳһͷѪˣʵ༫󣡵һͷѪˣͨʮͷֹ
ʺͰɫЩ࣬ȴû뵽ɫˣ
Ѿܿ˳ǵΧ
ǵʵ˵δӮɫˣδӦƬռ𵴣һɿµϢ֡
ɫˣˡ
ǿĿռƿֱӷƬӴѹջİٱİչ֮һɫ˲䡣
ɫʵ֮ǿһ߶֪ȫ
δսӡ
ʱ

ǿҵٿ֣һϢһڵĵϴڪzϻ굶ɢޱѪɫ͹ԣħ֮ѡ
ƣַ屩УƬռ𵴡
һȥɫ˵ķ
չ
һ˲䣬ַĵɽıըۻƥֱȡͷİɫˣһǰֱðʰ˾Ϊˡ
ֻһˣսȴ˫
ǿΪ֣չַ壬𾪡
䣡
ַһ˶ʮһͷĳˣһͷǰɫˣƥǿս⣬һ£㽫ĳ˵ѹ¡
ǿ
߳߳
һϮͺһѰѼ⵶ƿռ䣬ַѸ⵽˷ͷİɫˣֹʩչٶȸ죬ǿ
ѪɫԷǵС
𣡡֮ڶ졣
ռĵǰĺצɱǰɫˡ
Ϯ
ʮͷĳԷͨÿһͷǻʵĻ춴ࡣ
ַ޾ɫڪzϻ굶ۣħѪֱɣ¶ĺڪzħлצ߱ɱ

ͬͬĹȹȥҪǿ
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̤뵶֮żַʵȫ£ɫˣ
ҽսʮͷĳϮַ壬ȴ˲Ӱ¡
ʣģչӭ٫
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ˣʮĳˣ䲻ռƣҲѷɫǰչᣬʵѳ˰ʺͰġ
ӿѳɶеڶս
ַѹʱᡣ
ɽַɫˣ֣պյĵҪҪ̡
һ̣·صǬʥʱ
Ӵ󿪴ϵĻɽ˲Ϣܱ䣬ܿ죬ıѩ
ѩΪԱΪ
׵䲻ɽôȴɬ࣬ǿÿһ֮ж̲޾أ֮衣
ѩһַ˲ʱѹɫˡ
ٵǱ߰Ƿ֣ѡ
ҲǬʥ׵ֻǸۿҲѧϰʱʱѾˡ
׵̫ѣ
ǿǸ֮١
ȻѾѧٵĳ˽սţؿڼ٣ֲ䶼û˻ĳٵ
ַ壬ֻһΣ
ÿµԡ𺧡

ѩʩչֱӽַսһ㡣
ѩƮ䣬
֮ͣǧ
һһգϣ׵ϣصıðɫ˴ֲɫĹǿ
ַ壬ǿ
ܿռսַ徭ḻԲ˷ȻᣬĹ£һ˰ɫˣƴˣϽɱ
ͷǴҡ
ʮͷĳˣΨɫհ֮ʮͷĳĵ㺮սҪƻַս
ǿᵶ⣬֡
ħַ֮֮֮Ǻڰ޹
ַͷƴɱһΣ˲ʱΣ˺ܿɱĳˣսԻ͡
Ӯˣɷš
ʮһͷĳˣиһͷɫˣ
ǣȻӮˣ
ৣৣৣ
һĿ⣬мַ壬̾
Ϊַ壬ǲӮ



1429 ˳
ȡ״ġ
ɫ˵ľ״ĺͨ˲ͬϾɫʣŵھͺһĿռ磬̲޾
мƷġĿͶһżֵǧмͨġ
ַһ
ԭⶫġҲС
Ʒʲô˼ַʵ
ķΪм͸߼ΣֱӦˣĳ˼ˡʽ͵ÿһַΪͨƷࡣ
ͨļֵͨΨǼƷķмֵġ
ֵߡ
ַͷ
ģӦǶѪС
Ȼ̲ͨؿռǳҲʤԪ飬½ȱľǿռͨһֵϵ޴
ţַٿһ֮
Լﹺģȥϵۻ
ϵÿһͨĶֵƣЧҲȿԪ飬ֵ100Ԫ飡Լϱڶ࣬䲻һʺ߼Ǯ
ȳĵļֵҪõĶࡣ
ߣԼмƷģֵͿ1000мͨģ10000ųͨģÿ100Ԫ㣬Ǿǡ
100Ԫ飡
~ַ
ⷨУֻ࣬һԼ׬硣
ʥǿ߲ࡣַ⣬˳ֻһΨ޲У뱱޵߰˵ֻķ֮һ
Σ뱱޻Ҫҵ˳ǡ
˳ǣ㹻Ĳģ꣬Ҫ뿪ĳڡ
̫ѣ
ǳڵѰң޶ָû˴·ײĸʸǻǳ
ַ尵ͷ
Լкܴơ
Ͼܽ˳ǣչðĴҳȥһˣַ֮ȸԽԽÿԺܴ
ΨһıǰģѰҳʱܻϵΣա
ǷЩΣղֵһᡣ
Ҫ죬بؾպϣʱѾࡣַ尵ԽӽպϣبؾԽ٣ʱԼûա
ʵҲν׬ˡַЦЦ
óȥĳֲᶪبؾպϣҲͨʽϵֱΪֹ
ϵ½ͬ
ʥߣʥǿߣҪռ

ʰһ²оַ֣˱ٴ̡
йһεս˸СģһжжΪⳡĴʤĸ㣬ɫ˶Ӯʲôµģ
ַʵȫ
½ڱޣҪʵ˵
ǿߣֻǿߣ
չӭãִַǰִģֱð̾Ϣѣţ۸ڶ˭¡
ȴȫ۷
֮죬־սÿһζоգ˵ʵɴ
󣬽˳ǷΧ
ڰȫˡһ̾ҡҡͷһǵ˵ˡ
һͰһ·ƽ˾һսûС
ַֻǸײˡ
ײʲôʲ
ַҡͷҲ֪³ԭԽӽ˳ǣԽ٣ڸպ෴˵ûй죬ôҲ˵ͨ
˵ͷ
˳Ǻžͻһ𰸡ĵ
ַš
ۿȥʱܼһЩׯͰβ岻ͬڶ࣬估ϱǿʢą壬Ϊ˻ʵĴڣǿʵϷʤһ
Բ˵һǿΪҪ
ðչ
ΪǿҲҪĥºս΢Ц͵˻ŷսΪʵȭͷģ弫Ϊս
ˣҲѷɫˡ
չ˫ͫ˻ʰݵˡ
ô׼ޣ磬ǿ˻ʣ˭ݡӭ΢С죬˫
ȵʵĸǿʱһַЦЦ
Ӧ
ʲôʵӴʲôĲΡ
ʵ˻ܼ
˵˵ЦЦһ·ƣϴһգ˳ǷΧ̤ʵˣٲҪ塣
˱ǿĿĸϻͷϰë
ʶۼʢ֮ء
˵ǱһƬ
һ·ǰС
ڰʺͰĴ·£˺ܿ쵽˳ǣԶԶȥһ޴ļ̳Ǳƣΰ׳ۡ
ģţ϶Цݣˮò֡
ڵˡַ¶һĨЦݡ



1430 ù
˳ǣȫ½̴塣
浽ڵ壬ûһģðβ˵²ΣвҲǧ
β壬ô
ֻԶԡ
ԭôడ٫¿ţ̾ѡ
ͣϵģпȷɫϸɫƬгͷ­ֱ۵ģԴڲ棬׳ġ
ַȻһЦ
ȥβ巴ģζ͵ƣֻǶͷ϶һԹǣɫβͶѡ
˳Ǻô󰡡չͰӭҲǵһε̾ѡ
һ޴ޱȵĳǱȫֻгܽ룬׷СȥһƬϲ֮ɫߺϣһٵг
˳ǵĹأҼˡʿڵ
ȣϽ򶷣ֹɱ¾Υߵ塣ɫкƿʵǿᣬ˳ɱˣ˻һɱ
˵ͷ
˻ڱޣĴڡ
Σ˳ڳǲ롣ʵ˳ڲ͵ԣ٣κ鷸֮£ҪĴ¾Щˡ
ģȤҲȥ鿴·ߺܶ϶С
ַתͷȥȻһʶƣϷּ飬½ͨЩַǲİڰֲʱѾѧᡣ
ԶȥǱһʯݴǲͬ
˳ǿסôַ漴ʵ
ԡʵһԽ10000ģܳΪ˳ǵľ񣬲סڳûʱơ
10000ģ
ַЦһҲ10000ͨģ1000мͨġ
ù󡣡չһ
ҡͷסڲҪĵס˳ǿ԰ǣȶ屣10000һ֮أܻ㡣
ַͷ
˵û㲿صôΣҲΣգƩֲ䣬ǰǰǨ˲֪ٴΣ˶ˡ
ǽ10000ĺסӭʵ
ɢʵ˳й滮һƬյأרŹЩߣбţÿ˴Լ15ƽ׵Ŀյؿɹ
ɢ
¶ޣַ
ʵ10000ģȻֻЩҪ벻¶޹ʯݣ˵ҲҪ10ϣ򲻵ʯݼģ10ǵ׼ۡ
ַ
סȨ10000ġ
Ӹ£˵10ģ׼ۡ
10ķϵǿ1000Ԫ鰡ַ꣬ȷʵۣ۵ӡ
۸˵ߣʵҲߡ
Ϊ˳Ǿô󣬾ʯݾô࣬Ե¾ʯݰ˳һɰ֮ļҡ
Щסɢǿߣһ侧ʯݡ
ʽ㣬ǰβоʯôչʵ
ʺͰĻһۣͷУֻһ٣ҡͷǾʯҲãôˣɽףȥ
չŶһҲûٶʡ
ַ۰ʺͰģҲ׼֡
ǾֿɣʮڳŴϡʵ
õġӦ
ͬβ壬䲻ͬ
ÿ䶼ԼһЩܣҪܡ󣬰ĺͰʱǷֿʴŰչͰӭȥַ٫Űġ
߰ɡĵ
ַ٫һۣ漴ǳǳһЦϡ
ĳѾǵԼˡ

Űģַ٫ת˳ǣȱǳֲۣһЩزΧһЩعʵھľ飬ֳ޵ȵȡ
ֵͨͨʤޣʵõǲ
ҪǿЩĥµսʿǣȺܶ౦Թ俪ǰβսʿÿһλ硣ĵ
ֲ䣬βսʿ
Ľ㣬м㡣ַٿص
ʲô£
ַ˫һ˳ǳĳλжԶ
΢΢һµĽų̰ɡ
ַٵǴӳ뿪ԭ·ô
⡭еѡüͷ΢ɫβͲ䣺ڿкֻܶ࣬һͨﶼδ֪֮
еѣԡǿ԰쵽ģַ֮һϲ
ţͷԶλȷλãܰȻˣټλģܲ򵽳Ҫ⣬Ҫ
ãַ尵ͷ
Լ˵ǸϢ
Űһ˱߱ģܿһ̻ԻͣɲĽǰַ̧ͷȥϷɫͿߣһҡ



1431 ٱ
֮һǵǳչһ㡣
ı߱˵
ַͷ֮һİɣ
ţһǅ̨Ӳ䱳ʮȺ̯棬˳Ҳվȵ
ַס
׬Ǯĵط֮һ
չۣɣսҪֹҪۺʽ𣬸ҪȵĿɽ
˵䣬ѽá
ܿ죬߽ӭһķ֮С
ַ٫һԣʼһЩıȡġ˳ǣľĻҡ
ӣ㲻Ǵô٫ʵ
šַͷ֪٫ɻղԼʣЦ£Ҫȵ׬Ǯɡ
۰ģֲַãҶô˵ֻǿˣסһûϵסֻ»˷顣
٫ס
Ľ㲻⣬ÿ˶⡣
ò˳ǰɣ٫ٿַ˼һҧ촽һסȨҪ10000ģôǮ
ûУ֮ûаַЦ
ӵ˼ǡ٫Щף˵
һۡ٫ַ岢˵ûоã½ǣȱʲô
٫ü΢΢һٿ춴
ַͷһȺ춴ϵ̫١
٫춴޷죬ǵĻ춴ҲԴبؾһһö֮ͱĶˡ
ַЦ޷죬ʵبؾĻ춴ӺζǴӴռɵ½춴֮٣ԭ򡣡
һԴ١
ڶʵ̫ǿ
٫üһףڶʲô˼
ַ춴Ҳǻ𻵵ģ춴ǿڽսУͨ춴𻵣Ǻƿ֮սأ
ޡ٫Ȼ
ҿԳ۴춴ǡַ˫⣬صبؾЩռģٽ춴
һ׬ģǰٱ󣡡
ٱ
٫ͨ죬ӣС졣
Щţַ֪岢ûп󣬻춴ᣬĺͿԪļֵԱȣܲٱ
ʱһ׾ʯݣǾͿһסˡַЦ˵
٫৵һ·ۺ͸ϼȴģ⡣ַ廰һ˵ȥҲеЩףԽԽڣΨһЦ֮
Ǽ°ٰѣ˳и֮ǺõġַĵȽϰԼ
ûһı˽ףջǧģ㲻ö࣬Ҳˡ
߰ɡĵ
ԵһĽ㣬ҲҪһһġַ
΢΢һͷ
ãˣʲôҪһģӴַģͽӴĵһĹ£һѿַ٫ˣϸһսס
ľ飬жϳݡ
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ʲôַۣȡһƷǿ춴̨ϣ˫
ǳԼλɺùơ
ϵƷǿ춴ϵиպüֵ1Ԫ顣
лϵͨͨô100İɡ¿ڵʧΪǰóʲôõıû뵽ôͨ
ҲǣϾֻǰǿߣʲôõıа
£ô˵Ҳǻ춴100̫ˣ200ġü
ҡͷ춴ֻղؼֵ100ĲˣɣҶɣ120ġ
180ģ
130
170
һּۻۺ150ĳɽ
۸ȷ㡮ߡַ٫֮ϲӶԷжܿޱȵϲáֻǼֵ1Ԫһ춴150ģ
Ҫ֪150ķبؾÿһĶֵ100Ԫ飡
150ľǡ
15000Ԫ飡ַ֮
̫
ϵƷ۷춴Ҳλѡ
ΣҪˡַ̾
Ǳߣĺɽף150ĽַСϵ춴ɫƽֽ׶˵ֻй£岻
ʲôҪһôʵ
ȻַЦЦ
±ְҵЦݣȴһ150ĵĽףٿֻǰһǿҹ֮Ԫصı̨ϡ
ʱ䣬۾ȫɴ



1432 ԩ·խ
⣬⡭оϲɫ
ǰҲΪ֮һ
ϵƷ춴ϵֵ50Ԫ顣
ַ¡
һֻǲһ´ŵļֵĳԻ춴󣬴༯ڹ⡢ס硢λϡ
ԣȡǹϵĻ춴
ĲΣڻ춴ǿߣƿߡ
λֻΣ
1000020000ģĿƵַ壬ŨŨַȴЦҡҡͷָָġ
ʾͰ̸
Լۣ罻Ϥεˡ
΢΢һû뵽ַ򴽰꣬ҲƴǣϾ֣ܿ¿ʼּۻۡ
գİ36000ġ
50Ԫıһһصبؾ360Ԫ顣ַ꣬ѾǱȫǱը
֮ǰԤİٱȫ
룬ϣӽʮ򱶣
ףϽС
ַϵĻ춴࣬Ҳ٣һѣûһһֱ¾Ϊˣ޲ðַ嵱㹩
ְҵЦݣ±İޱȣַһɽ
һȻֻ5%ɣҲ൱ɹ
ȫľַһһıó޵׶㣬˿֮¡
̶̰ʱ̸µļ۸񣬱ֲ䶼Ҫ
102ģ
áַ¡
˿ںĺµ飬⻹ŵĽȫóֲûҪ102ķϵǿ൱1Ԫ顣
ɨبؾ۵ıַ
٫ҲһС֣ûٱֻǧģ٫Ѿܿģ˵ͬǱʾ޿

һ䡣
Ϊ׵ҲĿ¶ϲɫԲַ뵽ģҲ뵽ʮʥٵĶ˼ǧģ֮ӣʮġ
ȻϵЩȫһ˻춴Ǿܴ׬һʡͫ
Ǽ60ģϿɨˡʨʥˬʴЦ
ʱ˳㡣֮Цݡ
ˣǻۡ
˳ͷջ񲻷ƣɶһ󣬴ʱıηبؾ
鷳ǣ֪
԰ҳڲףǺײ塣
Ǯʹùĥǲʶ·ʶ·˶ˣֻҪһͷ·ʲô
ԶԶԣ

ߡ¹ĽַſڣüЦ
ն102ģַҲǺ⣬Ƿ˱Сơ
ҲֻСƶѡ
˳ǣһͨʯ׼۶10ģ102ġࡣ
ЩģҪبؾ󣬲ǰǮõַ֡޷ͳ½ò
λأ1һܳԿĶַ˵
ַһЦԵСνʡʱ䣬ʡ˹򡣡
ʲôϡ汦ûУλٵҲУַҲ˷ʱ䵽ȥңֱ°æԳһĸ߶Ǯ¡
1ģڵַ˵ࡣ
ʮǻϣ㽫뿪˳ǣǰڡ
˵䣬ٿ٫͵һַһ٫Ŀȥ˫һʮߣԼһսףиһˡ
٫У֮Ӿϲ˳ֻ۾˸ͣ
٫Щףḣ
ַ֮ӡ
٫ƴ꣬۹֮ӡ
ҵ̫ˣ٫֮ӴϲΪˣҺ溣ĵĲˡ
٫΢΢һĿɨˣô溺㣿
ǡ֮Ŀ¶֮ɫһ̾΢ͷǣɱǧɱˣ
ַüͷһ
ٿأĿ֮ˣоһݺĿ⣬ַ֮һݣȥһͷսʨͷս׵ĿΰӣɢſϢ
ʨʥ
ԩ·խַЦ
Լͽʨ̹ڼͽʨʥǡ졯
û뵽档
ޣҶʶɫһ¶ааЦݣ˹ûλӦʥе197λ٫ʥɣ
ãࡣ
࣡
ַ֮һ
ʥе24λĳǿߡ
á٫ò
֮ȻЦҵͺˣ٫ɣ齨ˣչǣٲҪˡ

ַ٫һ



1433 Ǹ
ַ٫
΢΢Ĳһ˫ͫӣǹʲôȴֲô
٫ôˣ֮Ӳʵ
û¡ַ忪ڵĿɨһˣ֮ӣֻԼӼ¡
Լ
֮һҲǲס
һɲǣȴǶˡ
ַֻס٫۵֣ĿӣһεĬһĻ۲ѡ
٫㣡֮ɫ䣬Թ漴̾һ٫֮ǰµԣ
٫͵һ
дůȴǸмĿַ壬٫£ȥ٫Ѿȥˡ
㣡֮ɫѿ߿ѣΪʥŮԼʹԵԼѪԵĵ۹
һڵһ٫ϣСһļŰס
ľǺˮָС
˵ˡֱַӳȴϣ֮ӣ٫Ƿ۹飬ڵʱȫ塣
Ҿȵġ
ҵģġ
һƬȻ
֮ɫѿ
ô˵ͲˣһǺ£ܰѾ˸㣿һʥ˵
ҪЮ̫ݣһʥݵ
ʨʥһøҪˣ٫ߣڣ˭Ҳ۸㣡
٫ҪͣȴǱַһץסߡ
վס֮ŭ
аһЦʱһεַ壺ߵˣ
ַһЦ
ʱ˫һӿһֱѹΪ߲ˣ
ɫȻһ䣬ɫһŭ
λҪ֣пһºһֱİĿˣ䲻ַ֪˵ĶԹѡվַһߡ
һüͷһ壬Ρ
ϵǺߣ˭Ҳκβ½˳ǣǺƿ߶Υأο
ߡַ֪٫ľȥ
Ƿˡˣַ岢ںʨʥǱߣ֪˴ǵзѡ
ʨʥŹ
Ҳᡣ
ۼַ뿪֮ҧֱʥҲЩŭ⡣
ַǰɣţ
Сɱļأҽʨ̱ɱʥ޼
ʨʥģǶΪһ
ʥ֮Ӻͽʨʥ£ַٲȻͬ飬ɱģɫ䣬Ҫɱѡ
ȵлʱֱӶ־С
Ǹץʱ˴·بؾһ
˵ûⷽĿǰؼ
ϾҪˡ

Բ𣬹ӡ٫С԰ףǸ
ַЦ㲻ҾС
٫ҡͷôֹӣֻǣֻǡ
ַ΢΢һ̾
Լ᲻֪߷һ֮۹٫˼룬һʱҪı䣬ܡ
ԣ֮ӰһûʵĻʱ٫ʱˡ
Ϊ㣬λΡַЦЦ漴ʵ㲻ô࣬ȻѾٷʲôʥŮ۹֮ϵȡʱǶȥ
ڵ㣬ȫµ㣬κˡ
ȻҲҡ
ַ忴٫ֿ۰ģмĵ˵ͷ
ǲ̬Ҳܴ²µʼĩ
лӡ٫һȻ԰ףȸղǺ࣬Ҳࡣ
ַݸһЦ
ˣĽ㣬и󣬲֪ܷھʹǰڡַʲô˵
ţ΢
ַ˫˻δȥˣᱻһ
˳ַĿȥ׼֣ͷԣڳɡ
лַЦ

˵˼ȳ֣ò
ַبؾеı࣬ȴ㲻ʲôעɮٵľ棬˭ȥ˭ù
ڰͬ£˼ûκε飬뿪˳ǡ
٫ַ1ĸ˳ǣ10˻ϡ
ݣݣ
ַֻͰˣ·ٶȼ졣
Ϊʲô٫Ǹ֮ӣʳʡ
˽٫ֻẦַɫˣ棬ģ٫λʥŮӳ죬վֻʣһˡ
û´ÿһ޷ȵΣʱͻߵĻʥŮ
ˣ˵ܷİ٫ô
ĳĬͷǸˡ
ǰɡַЦЦ
˵ӰûһƬڰ֮С



1434 ˭죿
Щ˵ô£˳Ϊλ֮ࣿĿոġ
³϶ԭ򡣡ַ徯Ĵܡ
˳ǳѾս
ȻûаʵˣַʵֻҪˣһ˵սѴ´࣬аĸ
ϧǴʱ̫̣Ȼ϶֪һ㡣ĵ
ʱ̽ѰҲַ԰ĵͷոģ˰벽ͣܿǼ·
ʱ˳УѰǴ·ߡ
Ǹַ᲻һȥʥ
ûǸղżУߵǸ׽Ůӣࡣʨʥͷ
һǿߣ𼸷˻ʵܲܵڶǸ⡣಻Ϊ˵һ˵絽жģ
˵ͷ
һǿߣҿ
òŵġʥһҵʵҲӭͷϡ
ʥЦЦ
ʵǻоԵġ
ֻҪˣڱȫܺߣַ岻һǿߣʲô

Ľ㣬ĳҪһôַʵ
·̵Ļʮ졣ַ˼
ַͷ
֪·˶ôַʵ
Ӧһ޵ĳڲʲôܣһ㳣߶ǿ߲඼֪
ʩչռ˲ƻַ
˫ҡͷǳΣա
ôΣգַ
Ĵʩչռ˲ƣҿռ𵴣ӦǿǶԿռ䷨Ӧʩչռ˲ƣС
һζ죬
ڶ࣬ܲʵǿˣֻ·һĳ
ַͷ
Ҳ˼ţ˵ƭ˵ġ
Ͼȡʱ䡣
ռ˲Ƶȷкܶײ˲ʩչǰ׳⣬Լһ·Ϲǿٶȣ˲ơ
ڱޣ˺ƿߣ˲ơ˵
ǿռŲأַһ
ռŲƣʲôĲ
ַ漴֮
ĳ˼һ˼⵹ԣֻҪռ䷨Լϣ˸ӦҲδס
ַš
ռ˲ƣȷλá
ռŲƣŲƵƬҪλþˡ
Կɣַġ
ĵͷδܾ
ʱ䡪
~~
ַʩչռŲƣ÷Χﵽǧ֮һ꣬Ϳռ˲һġֱһٰʮŲƣַ彫Լڶ֮һλá
ÿһٰʮȵķתƶľ֮ꡣ
ȫ㷢ֿռвҲ֮룬Ҫ̸ס
ҡ
ʩչռŲʱַ屾ԼӦƬġ
ˣܱܿһ֡
Ȼⷽһȫȿռ˲ҪȫĶ࣬ٶȸ·ĶࡣοռŲƣĴ۽硣
ٶȣʱֹ̺Աƣ
ৣৣৣ
ַʱתʮȣʱתʮȣʱֱǰУβֱ룬ռŲƵ۸·ٶȼϿռ˲ƣô
һͷȻѱ淽
ڼҲʧ֣ͨĳˣ˵ַ壬ǰĶ׶Ը
ջЩߡ
ʱʩչôҲǲԶһµ·̣Ҳʱ䣬ַ˲һʱ䣬ǰȫ
̫ˡĸ̾ѡ
ȸ·ٶޱȣδԹƬе磬ռǵ˭³ǰ󸫣
ַ壬ȴˡ
ܻĵ
ܿ졣ַЦЦóλһ¼λãʮ졣
ţڸ㡣
ԼֱӻȥҲҪһʱ䣬ַʮ죬֮һȥʡ¡
ã鷳ˡַ˸ĶλУ漴ǽڣͷŵӫڣ৵һ±ʧ

ʱˣҲѾ˳ǡ
λɷģƤ·ٶȸϵڣһβ͵ӿЦ಻ʮ죡
ȫôʵ
ǻ˵βӰ׵Ҳȥ˳ǴƤʲôˣ
õġЦ
಻ʮ죡
ʥǿһ˫˫۾ڷ⣬ŻеģȴŷبؾнףĹ
ܿ죡
ÿһˣ
뵽⣬ʥֹסеĵ⣬Ц



1435 ж٣ն٣
½ַѸٸԪǳ
ʱ䣬һС
˵ѾģǾϵٶٿ죬ҲҪʮʱ䣬ʱһء
ĵǣبؾߣʣ¶١
֮üޣبؾرڼϵ߻ðգبؾ
ৣৣ
ʩչռ˲ƺͿռŲƣַ·ٶ估ʥǿߣҲһ·ϼûһʥߣƬտյ
ߵģˡ
½ģٳ
ΪʥǿĻᣬᣬϵٻ11ԪȻӳڶըһ
ҲܾȵΨһᡣַ
ӳڶըԼͼܱסô顣ǧڵĻûôˣϵߴ۹һΪĳ
ؽ󣬵һţ˿ǧڡ
ԼȻϣЩԼͬѪ࣬ʹʧ֮С
ᣬ½ַ˫

Ԫǳ
ڣֵˡ̤ԪǳַıδԼԤпܷĴ̣һʱ˵ȷ˺ܶ࣬Ȼн֮
㹻ˡ
죬ֱַӱݺʥһڽãǽ׹ܶΣ൱ϤҪʵִչҪһ塯
壬ǷǳϤԪǳġ
~
ֱַ˲ƣǰһλʵŵŮӡ
ʥߣ衣
þòˣʥߡַ΢Цк
ţַҲΪ죺㲻Ǻʹһȥ˵ô
ַͷݺʥûô
ҡҡͷûС
ַš
ڻݺʥҲ㳤½ˣȻܲԸãã޼ʵ½ҪѰڣǼ׵¡
ˣֿԪղգַȡһųͨģ衣
΢һ£漴ӹģü΢ϸ鿴ò̧ͷֿԪ̲صĿռͨԪҪһЩ
ַͷ
ĺͿԪڱǺģ̲ؿռı
ۣʲôλַʵ
΢촽漴110Ԫ-120Ԫ֮䡣
أַʡ
̧ͷһ˫ַ壺Ļ105Ԫ顣
ַܺ裬΢΢һЦҶһȫıͷԪ顣
һ
ûعַ֪ʲô˼
ֱַȡһģǰʱɫֱ䣬΢ţ˿ôࣿ
ԼһǧŰɡַЦЦ
һǧţ
Ҳ10ҵԪ飿
мһ£ҪһԪ黹Ǳ
ж٣ַʵ
Ԫ8Ԫңһ㣬4Ԫ顣
ַţҲ12Ԫ顣
кüݺʥķԪ鹩Ӧ̣Ԫࡣ
ȫҪַ漴
ޣַһۣаֹȻַóһǧԷȫ֪أδʡ
ԵƬ̡ǿסϲã漴ȥ
بؾرգҲѻ˿Ͻ̣ٺòһ㹻׬üԪ顣
һڽõ
һַϽȫŮĵĲˣһｻףıȵһνȫǰˬ
12Ԫ飬ǵɡַ
Ůף漴ʮָԪͻ춴ˣҲһ°ɡ
˫ס
ܿ죬ϡ
죬´ĺ¿Ҫޡ¶һĨЦݣŮҲǿģʴɣ˴بؾ֮УǿνԲɹ
һҪ鷳ҡַٿһЦ
Ů΢΢һ
ַЦ֪ûȤн飬׬һ㣿
ʲô˼ʵ
ַһﶺգʱͷҰչԪͻ춴жն٣ÿһǳ5%ݶ
5%
Ůѡ
100Ԫ飬ܳ5Ԫ飡
չ٣ʵ
ַ˫ж٣ն٣
Ůɫ䣬ַ壬10ԪĻô
աַͷ
20Ԫ飿ٵ
ա
30Ԫ飿
ա
50Ԫ飡
ա
Ůȫˣַһ㡣
һһ󱦲أ
ַҲֻͣһ죡ֻ죬Ҿߣն١
ã
ǽýˣ



1436 㲻
æȻ°빦
ַûôԼһ˰ҰȥⲻֹѵĴ󣬸˷ʱ䣬ҶԪǳԶϤ
һ죬Ů͸˳30ԪķԪͱ
ڶ죬ͬн15Ԫջ
죬ͽ5Ԫˡ
¼졣
ǵһ͵ڶ죬Ů϶ȫչЧʣԽ汦Խ١
죬2Ԫ鶼
죬ֻʣ4000Ԫ顣
ԪǳķԪͱչ99%ϣʣµҪôҪôģǵ˼
ЩӬͷСַҲ׬ˡ
ҳ⣬Ҳø˼ҺȵɡַЦЦ֪ʥʱһ顣
϶Ȥ

Ԫǳ
鵽ôһѪĿħǿߣϲͣµϢη
ʥ񣬵100λ
ͷ죬ͬҲԪǳвݺʥŮһɴݺʥŮķԪ鹩Ӧ̣Ļ춴ӵߡ
ǵģͷ졣һƤħǿǲԼչһΪַչ
ʲô
͵۹ʥƤħǿߵǰջöսھͻΪǿߡ
սǿߣΪһЦмʥʥ
ûСƤħǿߵ
ȷֻһˣɱ⡣
ǵģͷ졣Ƥħǿ
ܺãصͷӴɽľ޴վȭͷ־˺ڰ·һУֵ֪ͨܣ׼ж
ǣͷ죡Ƥħǿߵ

죬鷳ˡַչһ׼ȥ
Լյĵһܼ65ԪķԪͱ˵ƬԪǳˡ
һҲ鷳ôõĻһҪǡЦ
̶죬ǰַн50Ԫ飬25000Ԫ飬ǿװǵ׬ȡ
ϵһչģһ׬5Ԫ飡
ǿ5Ԫ飡
ȻַЦ
ϧ벻ϰеĻ춴ǣȻࡣһŮ˵
һ򲻶·ǡνˣҲô㣬ɵǱ䣬еĺڡ
롣
ַҲ
Լ۹ħǿߣ·׼ԪǳǸһԡ˵Լһ㡣
£ʱ䷽ǹؼ
һʣԼһ׼ǰڶȥչȻıﲻô࣬ôأʤ࣬Ҳǲ
лټˡַŮ
ټ´ޡŮҲǿĵĺͲү

~~
ʩչռ˲ƣַѸ뿪Ԫǳ
ȻһһɼǿƬռ񱻾޴֣ڵҹսɫĹһ֡
ַܣ˲ϢʮɫӰǿ׳ªӡ
ħǿߣ
ȻˡַɫȻ
ȻԼѾСģô󶯾չжˣҪ飬϶˳ϵĲ鵽Լ̰ˡ
ɡַǰڰ˵
ӦڣǺڰŨ֮һǿʥΣ漴
ַ˫һһĸߴΰħǿߣѪĿϲź͡
Ǽͷ죬ʥе100ġ

СӣϵĶȫɣһȫʬţһ˫ڵ̰ͫɱ¾
аԵˣ˭κε
½ʥǿȫǽ룬ʥǰ100֮٣Ƶǰʮǿˡ
ҪҵĶԣƾʵðɡַ嵭ȻЦ
ڽ½ʱԼʵͱʥ197٫ǿһȣֲĿޣʵͻɱ䣬Ҫǿֹ
ʥ100Σ
ַں
ӦڣΧǿĿ٣ʮ֮࣬ʥǿ߽ǿֻһħֻ࣬ں֮ڡ
½ԼԵ壬ʵɱȼǿˡ
㣡ֱַ塣
ȫû뵽һǿ߸ǰţǼͷ죡
ʥǿ߿ùġ
ҵˡַЦٿʧкڪzϻ굶ʱ֣һƬҺڰ˫ͫѪɫ¶ħ
㲻ˡ
ַȻ䡣
ɲǼ䣬˻һ⣬кڰ𣬺ڪzϻ굶˻ɽ緢ֱȡ



1437 ̫ǿ
ߣ֪˫ͫ׹¶˿ںַ塣
˫ٿسһѾŻϷǶɫľ޴񻷣ұ׳ɫŻϢȻǡ
Ũĺ֣ŻɢɵϢƬռΪ֮𶯡
֮ڰɷ
ʥ100λԷǼ֮Ѱħûеԣڰɷɣһ˿
ħ屾ǿѪ
ַĹܣԼʮģǿߵĹҪܿĸ飡
ݿ࣬޴ͣɫŻ¡¡ַ塣
ΧһħǿЦԹۣϾĿϷϴ֣ѵһϰ࣬ȫûѶȡ
ǲ֪Ϲٴˡ
ȫѹ
ˣôˣ
ϵȵĲǵ˭ȭͷ˭ԴӲ
Цϣħǿ߽˫֣ȴ౻ϴһɷ顣
ٿء

һޱȿµ˲ըȼըѿԭСĺڰ֮ɲǼ޾â΢Ӱӳ𾪵顣
ܣôôǿ
ѪĿɴ󣬺Ȼѡ
ַ֮ǰϢӲֲȴ˲֪յȫˣµǿҳ徢֮Ҳɢ
飡
ؿ⵽ػ޴Ѫɶȥ¶𾪿ֻ֮ɫ
ĵһǿôҲţһ࣬㵶磬ֲʵ
Դת岻ܿƣʱһĪĺĵȻ
~~
ǰһУȻֻɶȥķ಻֪ʲôʱѾˡ
ô£
ɭĵ⣬ڣħϢǿĺڰ֣һɴĿâзС
꣡
޴ͷ­ַһնϣɲǼַ˫ͫ䣬꣬ΧħǿߣռŲʩչ
ÿһһħʬ塣
ַ壬㲻顣
Ҳ
ħǿߺǿ࣬аԵǣǡַĹһն伫ħϣ
ɱߣ˺ɱ֮
ޣַ򿪴õĴ䣬һЦ
ȫǻ춴ͨģģ۷Ķв٣֮ǰ軹˵Ͻ춴ۣ¡
ȫ䵽Լϡ
㲻͵ʴأַЦ䡣
ֵʮԪĻ춴ŵ½ȥ
ж
~ַ˫һԪǳǱߣЦЦ֣漴Ӱһȥ
ַȥŮӰ৵ĳ֡
һˡ
յϢû뵽һˡЦ
ôܣһüŮӵܼʶַʵҲ㲻Уû뵽һ˶ɱ룬⼫Ҳ̫˰ɣһֱ̫ǵˡ
ҡҡͷǼ̫ǿ
Ůףʥ100ǿߣм٣㶼ҪСӦԡ
ַһжû߹üŮ૵
һЦǣҲһ߲һС
̫ǿˡ

룬ַ˵Ĺ
½ʵ˾޴ͻƣϵмĶ֣Щǿʥȫ½
ϵѾûʲôսˡַʩչռ˲ƺʹŲƣܿ뿪
̤ڶ
ͬһԪǳ
йһεľ飬һַϵҲ±¶ֱüһչǳΣͷԼ
ңڶ˰æС
ıȻˣȴǵʮϣ
һ죬ַն8Ԫ顣
ڶ죬5Ԫ顣
죬2Ԫ顣
죬졭
ڵڶַͬ죬ջ16Ԫ飬࣬ϸʵҲˡϵն65Ԫ飬ܹ81ԪķԪͱ
һ90Ԫ顣
ԤƵĲࡣַԪǳﱦܼиŵĹƣͷ֮ûһ򣬱Ͼкܶ˲ԸҲνǿ
˾ųϣ㹻
಻٣պʮ졣ַ˸棬漴̷½˶½أڶȻҲУǴԼ
һʣϻ춴ֵ50Ԫ飬Ԫܼ40Ԫ顣ַһЦ
ܳһʱ䣬Լ÷Ǯˡ



1438 175ɢ
磬ǸʥˣԪǳбﶼˣ
϶ǽǼ̫Ľˣǧ֮һ֮һⱲҲԴˡ˵˼Ԫı
Ԫ飿ô𣿡
϶аԪǳأ֪һô౦ʲôҲ֪ߴ۹һʥ

ǰɣǶ͵۹ʥַ塣
ַ壬˭ûʥҲûаһӵʥôǸˣ
ǣ½ʥߣճΪǿ߲á
ܰɣһǿôǮҡûۺôҲţһǿҪңôܻųȥ类Χ˰ɣ
˭˵ûУ룬ˣüû٣ɱԽȴȫûͷ죬ʥ100Ҳˡ
Цɣһǿô

بؾУַĴ˵
̶ʮ죬ϯ͵ڶпģҲʵģַ˵ЩҪ˵ٶ࣬Ҳûаϵ
~~
ˡַվؾǰǹâڣȡλ
˵ˣӦûûڰɣ
ַ嵭ȻһЦ
漴粽룬ǰһƬɫ֣·ʱһ㣬ַ鶨λǼΧâɢֻʣһɫĹ·ָ
ͨޣԭȳڡ
žϡλһỊ̃ʧ
1ģֻһΡַЦҡҡͷλݳޣѹֵ˳ҪһҲѡ
Ӧɢȥַ˫
ֱӱ˲ƵһľɽȺԡ
ţķ·Ӧʲôɫβһ͹µ漴վԶֻһϤӰ֣ȽһĨЦݡ
Ȼˡ
˳ôʵ
ַ΢ЦͷһΣǳ˳
˳ǰɡ
á
ȥ
ַʼʩ۷˳ǡ
ԭҪ²ŵ·̣һ㹻ʱʥǿսš
ƽ·עΣء
ɱЩɶˣ
죬ַȣھǰ治Զ
סһᷢƣ
࣬ʥͽʨʥΪ׵ˣһ·˲ˣ־ȴޱȵĸ߰һ˫˫۾ɹâ
ڴϣѾԶ
ֻҪ׬ʣǾ˳վȽŸڱıȡһ֮ء
ʱգΪƿ߽°빦

ַͰģȻִ˳ǡ
һΣգڶ࣬Ҳ֣Щ˽Χǻ˳ǷΧƺ˼ʲô
֪٫з̽ЩʲôϢַ
˴Ķ˳ǱȻ֪ڳڶѴֻҪϸӦòѲ鵽˵
ַţȺ٫ϰɡ
175ɢߡĵ
á
˳й滮һƬƬյأΪɢ
ֻҪ10000ĵķãͿԻ˳ǵľסȨ˳ɢлһ֮ܰء
Ҫסһ㣬һ㣬Ҫȥʯݣ׼Ϊ10ģͨĶмʮ΢һư
аĴ·ܿ˱Ѱ175ɢ
һ޴ķ潨ߣÿһ㶼һƬյأһɫâָһ飬ÿԼʮƽס
С
Ҫʵսûܡ
ַĿȥڷ潨룬һ޴̨ΧмС͵ı䳡Ȼǡá
Ͼʮƽʵ̫С
һЪϢأ
ַһ۱٫ˮɰŵŮӣǰϥط
ǹȥĵ
һ͸ʱ٫ѹַͰʱ٫ʱϲѡ
ӣôô죿٫첻ѣٿط·뵽ʲôǲΣˣ
ַ塣
ַЦҡҡͷǣǳ·ȥģԿ˺ܶࡣ
˺ܶࣿ٫һһ˫۾ֱַ壺ʮ죬һأ֮ǰԤĿҪʮ죬ʮ졣
ڣʮһء
ǡĵؼҲ죬·;˷ѵʱ伫١
٫֮һ
بؾʮ졣ַЦ
٫һ
ٿأ٫ɹôӣ
ȻַһҲ׼ˣʱһȥһɡ
лӡ٫΢Ц
һֻʮƽ׵ġӡӵȴҲֱܰ˵˵ЦЦ˴˼Ǣޱߡ
٫Щ˳ǿ̽ЩʲôϢַʵ



1439 ô
֪һ㣬Ǻϸ٫˵ȥ˳̽ϢˣŴ˻ʣϢϢء
˻ʣ壿
ַͰ޲һ
֮䷢ʲô
ڱޣ˻ʶһ棬ͳ壬˳ǣe壬㶦Ԫ
Ŀӽʵǿߡ
߼䷢Щʲô
ޱؽ
Ժܴ󡣡˸ҿ˳ǣһȴۼ˳ܣ˴󵨣϶ԭ򡣡
ըսĿԴôַʵ
˵׼˳ǵսҲǵһˣ͞e屬ʮΡ
ʮΣ
ַ֮һݣ˻ʵ
ѹ˳ڱޣǰǿҲҪâǶǿߵ
˻֮Ǵģ
ԣ˳Ȼƽַס
սҲ˻ػǣ˳ǡշѡ˹󣬵Ȼǰͺ̵ļ룬Ϊ˻ʵĴڡ
˵ʲôʱôʵ
ûС٫ҡҡͷ
ҲõǣԼ°ɡַ٫˵ߵͷӦַİû顣

ַˣ漴ǰ
йһεĽףϤܶ࣬·˽һصĿյһвߵȴ
һٵʱҲ˶ʱ
λ鷳Եһ¡߹
Сʱˣ»ûôһ춴ǿⲽš
ˣ鷳ٵһ£СѾͨˡСǽ͵
ߣΪˡĻ춴ǿüͷļ
ַģƺæ
ĵȻЦ
δָָֻͣǰֻһɫӰӰæ۶ǵһַ彻¡
£Ҳ̫ǰµӰԹ
λ룡Ҳǡˡ빭ӣַ˼ǿһ˫۾ЦгߣϹϾ
ַͰĻһۡ
Ƴɫİˣַûϵô
ЦɣҲǰһۣȻ
Էֵأַһʣһ㹻ԼʮԪһΡǾʳˡ
СǮ׬׬ν
£ǰ˶ʱһ
ţһߣͬǻ춴ʵǰҪǿ࣬ɫһ࣬Ҫȴסˡ
Ҹһõۿۡµ
ǰüһвʱɢõģˣæҵȻû¡˵ţһЦ
ַвҡҡͷ
˳ǹȻǿƣǿ춴ǿߣҲʵ
漴ַ˱һ롣
ΧһƬ֮̾²ַ˵Ĺ˺ҪôĄ̊́ˣҪôǱˡ
һ򵥡
ǸŮģӦǰβ塣
ûܾõİβ壿Ӧûʲôֵÿصİɣ
϶һһŮ̬Ǳ޵ࣿ˿أͨˡ
ǻ˵

һУַǽ뵥ķ䡣
٫Ͱķַߣ΢Цַ壬Ҳ֪ȵʵֵοʲôö
öࡣַĻ¶ʧ֮ɫ
ͨĶ١
ַ嵭ȻһЦ
һһԴʲô˼
˲ʱ䡪
~~
ֱַӵһѻ춴ʮ׳İɫϣѻɽ̵ģƵĺɫ׵ĺڵģԲķģĶ̵ģι״ġ
ټ춴һ𣬹⿴ʮ𺧡
ϵϵϵˮϵӦоУӣϢµɴ۾Ѿˡ
춴ġ
ûһѻ춴ģôһѣ
ô
Ȼַ壬𺧲ѣһһ춴ô
ٸ춴
˵ֵܣһ³˿Цҡͷȴ˷ɣ㲻˷ʱ䣬Ѹٵ
ЩɶǺöһͶһɡ
²һһϸ㣬ֱӱż۸йһνףҶ֪֪ףǴˣִ֪硣
õģá
õģҪˡֻӴˮһա
ܹ124500ġ±Ǯ˵ͷַղԣЩﶼܡͨûʲôرֵǮģǱߡ
275ۻ۸Ҳǲˡ
ֵ鷳Եȡ׼ġ
ȴǱֱַӴϣҪô鷳£һ𸶺ˡ
һ
ʲô˼ٿǰһУһѴɽȸղŵĸߣ࣬ϢŨ
ѽºȻѡ



1440 Ÿտʼ
ȫˡ
Ȼ̨ǰһСɽԹƶ300Ŀ˰죬ҲδعΪЩԪδΡ
ʮ
ټģûС
ַ˼ټټģǾ޽У
ô춴
Լô£ַЦЦ
ŶޣõġǵͷӼ٣ϽÿһһɣǮһ
뵽⣬±ӿ졣
ǰ300Ļ춴׬٣
ڲǰŸսӵַһ102ĵġӡڡ֮ǰһ12ģ1527ĵĵӵ֡
ˣЦ˻
Լǣնַ幧һλᣬӦһϻ˲ò࣬ˮɶ
һǿߣң

ܿ죬±ϡ
341ܼ167800ġ¿ڵϲãԵƬ̣ȥȡġ
˵ţ±׼ȥ
ʽ30ģ׬硣
±𼱣Ÿտʼַ΢Ц˵仰ĵֹ£ַԵİ
տʼ
ʲô˼
ܿ죬˱ʲô˼
ַһѽһѵȡ춴һ޵׶㣬ȡ֮ߡ޵׶ͨ޵׶޵׵Ļ춴֮
ȫľ
ַ۷ֱ彩Ӳ
СɽĶСɽѡÿμַȡһСɽ¿ˮַ嵽жٶѣ
ٶѣ
ַԼҲ֪
óģֻǵڶԪǳıʡ
ˣֵҲǱ
߶ʱܶѾġ
ʮʱܶġ
µذֱַ̯̯֣ڳһ𺧵ŶĻ춴Լš
жٻ춴
302ģͷĨַ΢΢Ц¡
ǣִˣϣȥ죡»ָǣϲû˵һʳɿɱ֮ǰܶࡣ
һεĵӣ102Ŀ
û뵽ʤ֮
302ģˣЦĺϲ£죬ɶܳ
Ŵϲ£ַҲһЦ
ֻԼһֵıиֵ࣬ߵĻ춴ûóҲżνͬһ
֮Ĳޡ
300ģ٣ʵҲ࣬˳ǸУҲֻͨСϾྦྷʯļ۸񣬶ڰϡ
ܿ죬±
ֹһˣһüӣһɲŭƣַһ֮һݣǰӣǸ۲۵ĺƿߡ
Ի
ҽһ£ϵܣĴܹܡ׿곤꣬Ļһ׿ɡ׿Ц˵
׿硣ַ׺׿⡣
ЦӭˣԲ˷С
ĴܹܣͬҲĹ׿ֹâһһźڽɫĽƬУ˹
ϵȤμƾ˿߹Ĺ
ַӹһ
׿Ц볡ѣȫأиıշѼȵȡ
ҲˡַչĿںڽɫƬϣϷӡıʶֱ͸ģĽͨ
˵׿΢Цͷϵ˹ԵͶұ
ַ΢΢һЦ
˳ʵռκϷ硣
Լһӳô춴׿лԼҲ
ˣ׿磬ʲôʱ򣿡ַ
׿΢һһһСΣʮһΣһ㶼ЩͨƵֵģǰһεᡣ
õģģȻһԪһεĳᡣ
׿һһκʮһεģǰᡣַɻı飬׿ЦŽ͵˵ǽıųһһܡ
пеߵǼλɣʱ޽ͳһλ߳ߵá
ַͷ
ԭ򣬲ѡ
һΣǧһΣԼһԪһεĳᣬģʽͬǼ۸ߵá׿վ겻ãһҪʮʱ䡣
ַҡҡͷ̫á
һʯݡֱַӶԺ׿˵
ʯݣ׿΢΢һ漴Ц򵥣Һ׿ϣ֪ϵҪʲôӵģټλģ
򵥣
ַһ



1441 ʯ
ʯݣַ
׿ЦЦϵܣĿǰȷʯݴ˳Ǿʯϡȱ٣Լķ֮һУķ֮һһЩǿС
ж֮һ˵ԾͱȽϴ󡣡
Сݻݣ¥գδֻ߱ȱǮݣֶ֮
ַͷ
ʯôַ
ʣضμСͬһϰԲ֡׿ྦྷʯݣһΪ񻪾ʯǿʵؼ̣10ۡ
ΪŢˮϢ̽Ѱ֤˽100ۡ
ߵȵģ꾧֮ǿƿ߶ƻ˳ǽ32ӵһ嶥ǿߣ˵ǵλ
ַš
ԵİҲף֪Ĳַ࣬Ͼ˵ʯ̫ңԶͨ񻪾ʯݣļ۶10ģɽ30
ʯݣͨ񻪾ʯݣһŢˮݡ׿˵ɣŢˮݵδκպΪ
ϵȤŢˮݵǿ㡣׿΢΢һЦ
ַס
񻪾ʯݶˣԺ˽ܣŢˮݾͲͬˡ
֮ܶࡣ
ֻҲһ𡣡ַЦЦ
ͨ񻪾ʯݼλ340ģһŢˮļ100ģ˵ҲҪ2300ģԼ𣬵Ҳν˷ѡ
ϵܴԲӣҸղ˵ˣΪɡá㡣׿Ц
ޣַһ
ΪҲգϵȤŢˮ200ߣͽΪִ׿ˬʵ
200ģ
ַģǵ˵ͷʾ൱ġ㡯
ַ
λͣӦñ˲١񻪾ʯǲȡĹеʱѾ񣬱˷ѣĲ
໨ǮֱŢˮݡ
ҪˡַԥһӦǺ׿Լ飬ҪײҪԼµȷҪһ֮Ȼᶼھ֮
200󣬵ڵԼ˵ΪܷΧ
ৣ~ĺ٫ʱȽ֮ɫȴû뵽ַˡ
ǿ200ģ
ۣ
ϵܺ׿˫΢Ц޵ŢˮݣԭǴһεϣ۴Լ300ҡ
׬100ģַЦ
Ժ׿ݵλԲ˵ѡ
ʧã԰ɣϵܡ׿ַ塣
л׿磬ҼˡַһЦԺ׿˵ʵ100ģΪûаϵ
˳ˮۣ˭ȴ׬Լһ顣
ԼҪ춴ôҲȥ
ߣϵܣȥ¾ӡ׿ˬʶЦַûаӡ
áַҲһЦ
˴ܽʶĹҲջ

200ģ̫ݳˡ૵
Ţˮݣַ׿˽ףʽס˳ǡ
ַЦϾҪס˳ǣܵҸ֮û·٫һסɢɡ٫΢΢һ漴Сϼ
֮ǰЩ¡ȴѵõ϶
٫һۣЩ΢΢ĽǴסô
ַţֲãǱϾǿˣŶʱѾܹⲻȥ˺ܶ鷳
ЦŰģַĽ㲻ö룬ֻǶŵĵطȻֲ䣬Ҳ˷ʲô仯
Ժ˳ǣҲң԰ɣ
΢΢һ٣ַ漴ȡһƣϷ֡81ݸ˰ġ
ǣһ
ɢľסȨֱַУգգ۾ǮҸ׿õġ˵ţЦŵ˵ͷ
Ҳľֱַܾӱ٫һǰȥĽ㣬ߣȥǰ濴
ַʧıӰж֮ɫеȻһЦ
֪Ȼõġ
ַ廨1ģ֮ô˵ϣ¡
žסƣĵֲ˽ůʹȥ

ؾڴ
ৣৣৣ
һӰ̳֣ÿһ˵жֹסĿ֮ɫȻЩɫ԰ף˲ᣬ־ȴޱȰȡ
ˣ
ڳˣʨʥëֱȭ
λǷƣʥЦ
߰ɡ൭Ȼ˵ƽ˸ľâȴĳ
ǣܴܿ׬һʣ



1442 ƺܺúô
بؾ
ʩչռ˲ƣһ˵ٶȼ죬Ȳ׼һÿһ˻ﶼģ׼ɹһȻ󷵻½ݺ׬һʡ
Ȼ
ǽԪǳʱȴȫ
ԭַԪǳʱ˼ƽĲӣϢ̽ѰȥһӰûУƬһ㡣
ô£
بؾرջжʱ䰡
ǣûôɡ
̫ˡ
һƬȻΪɫѿΪ˳Ｏ㹻ģѺܶԼõıﶼˣֻ±ġ
ֹʥҲһ
һһ׬ʮٱô౦ʲô
¡
ˣصبؾȴûˡ
ұ𼱣ĴңＯϡ෢ʩɫѿǵͷһವĴѰ
ʱԪǳȥ¥գӰš
߱㲻࣬бﶼַˣַ뿪󲻾ã߱ȫˡ
һˣѲκ
Сʱһɫѿʥǿһļž
ϣڶԪǳ˸࣬Ҳࡣһ٣Ԫǳ٣ЧӦ׷׳룬ڶͬ
˻һۡ
֪ڶֵܼܱûĺá
˵ûϣҴֵ֮
ߣʨʥȲ
ʥ漴ʼжǰȥڶԪǳ
ϣ

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ַڳ˼죬ϢȻֻһЩСϢҲ㹻˽ʼĩڳʾ¥Ľֵò⡣
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ߣҪ˳ǱʱeҲԹۡ
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·չ΢΢һ̧ͷַһϲӭǿĵֱ֡
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ûû¡ʿЦһһ£һĨЦݣȥɡ
š

ʾ¥ߣ
չãĴܣһжǸе档ԵЩн߹ĵͷ˹
һ˫ϵʳһ˿ײĲģô
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Ȼͷѹ۸ĺܡ
˵ţ̾ǻʮ¥̨ѶҪ100ġ۵Ƴϣٿɴ󣺡ǡɾƣ
ôˣʽ㣬ƺܺúôӭﲻ
۵úȲúҲ֪ơһҪ3000ģ



1443 кܶǮô
ô󣡣ֹǰչãĶ
ָܿƽпַ彻׻300ģ200ĹŢˮݣ3000ʲô
һɡַ庰ߣӡ
Щսս£ձǰչñϾᣬܿˣĻɾƱ㿪ĵĺ
ַǲ⡣
͸10000ĵľסȨƲ˲һļǮ
˰ʽ㣬ǿ̽鵽ʲôַʵ
Ϣ̽ʱԼջϢܲͬкܴԡ
ִ磬Ҳ֪˻սɽʵϢӭ
ַͷڴķз벻֪ѡ
ʵ˵˻ʵڶ޳ģȢӡ
ҲȺַ
ԼΪֻлҵı޲С
˵ֹޣϴ޺޶У޵Ⱥǿб޵һ𱱴޵࣬޵Ⱥμӡ
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һ󣬶ȺǸϾɱ
Ҫ棬һҪԼһҪҵһЩ岻ϲȥĵ֪
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ţȥҪ
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˻̫ˣչͫоǳ羴
ַš
ˣһܾʹ˳٣˻ʲûУʹ˼ʹ˽յ˳ǡ
ܳΪĺͱˣ羴˻ȴ֮
˻սɽʣΪһѩ֮ܣַ˼
ʵ˻Щڶ޴ɱ䣬յѪȫɱ¾ǧа֮ˣǳɽʡ
ֻʲôͲ֪ˡ
ַͷ֮ɽʺ˻й֣֣̽°֮Լʣ88֮꣬Ӧ÷˵ʲôһԼ
ЩԼʾ¥
˳ľ¥ϢҲ㣬ʶȻ̽Ѱʱ̣֪ĲȰ١
˻ʺɽôжԼܰɣչü
пܡַ˻ʺɽ֮䣬ʵûһɻĳޣɽʵλãȥһȺʲôģΪûҪ
֮ĳޣݣ߷һ֮Ҳȷʵڵġ
˻սɽʣΪ֤ԼǱΪ𡭡ڵʵѱãɽҲˡ
˵ͷ
ڵ˻ʣһǿ
û´ɽʡֻ˻ʡַ
˴󾪡
ܣ಻죬ôᣡʲŵҡͷʱȴֹסҧҧ촽Ϊϸȴܡ
ƲȥȺĶʵΪʲôأ
ɽʣҪԸǪ裬ʣ˻°빦ַ˻ܽɽʣλڶҲһ˳ǡ
ߵĶԼŰ˾Ųʮ
õϢϸãԼ
һƬȻ
ΪַĴ󵨲²е𾪡
ϢҲֻô㣬õЩҲûˡ

˱ߺȾƱţʱȥҲܿ졣
лݣ4800ġ߹
ʣµСѡֱַӵȥ5000ģڰĽУ߻ϲȥչ̲סִ磬кܶǮô
չʽһ䣬ȵ
ַһЦ࣬˳ǿôǮã
չҧҧ촽˰һۣ漴صͷǸִ磬ҲȺ˳ǷչܳɳΪǿߣ˰β壡
һ̾չʽ֪б˳ǶӣǾסȨҪ10000ģʱûôǮ
չַ壺ִ磬10000ģܣܽô
ַһЦߣҴȥط



1444 Ժ
˳ǣ񻪾ʯݽڳеߣһȦһȦ
شƫƧɢڣˣһ֮۸ȴҲǲƣʮģϰĵ񻪾ʯȻʮ֡
˳һ֣Сʩ
ˮһСǧƽƽƽ񻪾ʯݳԱȡ
סŢˮݵģ붼ǺƿߣһȺ䡣
֮Ǹ
ŢˮһϢŢˮԳһ壬Ϊ˳һ羰ߣŢˮȺڳϡǱһƬ˳й򲻵Խ룬Υط
ۣķӺӭﾪ촽ֻ۾â˸
ǰʽ˵ġŢˮݣչȭͷ
ûŢˮݡһֻۣǿȺ˳ǹһŢˮݣǵλʵ
ӵŢˮݵȺű֮ΪϵȺ
չɫһǰβأ
ҡҡͷеȺǿʿЦһ׽峤ӵһ񻪾ʯݣеȺ
ţԣǰβڷ֧У׽Ǹһȡ
ɲǣƲˡ֮Աǡ
չ˫۾ֱŢˮݣ
˵ǷܶĿ꣡
һ죬ܽŢˮݿһͺˡӭ촽૵
Ժһģãչ԰ӭɫ˫ͫ־¾ɣǻᣡ
ţ硣ӭͷ
ַ΢΢һЦ
߰üϵȴΪǢЦߵм䣬ַ˼򣬡ԺˣھͿԽȥ
˵ţ˿Ţˮ֮С
ǰʯâһǿ˫ٿһݣ˹Ǳ߰Ͱ˵䲻չ˽ŢˮΧʱʧɫǴ󺰣Ҫ
չ̤롣
ɫҰףϣۼǿ˹ҧŸôͣٿǿȴ΢΢ףӭ
ַš
ž㵵İչý롣
֮ǰ٫Ͱǿϵǡ
ӭ
סˡ
԰Ҳȥɡ
Ȼ٫Цİɣʽ㣬һŢˮֹӵģǵȻԽ롣
ַ壬һŢˮݣ
ʵɴ˫ۣԴһƬ죬ȴôҲ֪
ֹǰʣչøȻջôŢˮݲźãڡѾУ·һ㡣
ַܣɫƽ
ŢˮǱȽģȻΧŢˮȣֻеȣǧƽĹ㹻ˡ
˵٫ֻˣסʮ˶ճĺܡ
ϲôַŰչá
һ漴İǵͷַ΢Цϲסɣססá
չǵͨ죺ִ磬ס
ȻġַЦЦģʶһô⡣漴ַģֲˣҲ﷿ࡣ
Ү̫ˣӭ˷ޱȡ
ַһЦ
һŢˮݣǧƽĹⷿ㲻ʮ
ΪȺ裬һס̫ݳޡ
Խ½ܰβĶ࣬»رһı⣬ٶĶۣںŢˮдˡ
ַ壬⡭ģʴ۵Сۣš
ǵġַЦԺʽ˳ǣͲõҵطˣֱ
Ӧ
סɣַ岻ˡ
ãõġʾнһЦǡҾͲˡ
šַͷ

بؾڶ
һʥǿ߽ԪǳһߣȻԪǳٷ֮һв߶
ôôˣ
˶ȥˣبؾҪŹرհ
ô࣬ȥ
죡
ʥǿȲж
СҲ⣬ȻٵĿ׬һһ֣Ҳѹŭ⣬Ѹٹ춴
ܿ죬ʥɫĹȴһӻҡ
Щ˶˵ʲôҲ
ȺԴżˣȻҪԪ飡
ҲǣֻҪǿԪ黻ĻľȻҪʮһ
ʮҪʮ
Ҳݣ
ʥ¶һƿڴ



1445 һɱ
ҲѹֵЩʥǿ߶ܻ
־мҵȡģ˭뵽ģبؾֹҪթ
һԭ߸ϵʥǿŭģ޲ýЩ̧۵˺Ƭ
ʵǣοˣ
һЩʲôɫ࣬
ûبؾܱô죬һڸʨʥëֱ¶
˵᲻Ǹַ壿֮ԥ
ܣӦñܶǣʥĿ¶мƾһǿߣֻӰôܿùǡ
ʥͷ
ôַ嶼ܱǸ쵽
ַǣһǿߣжģԪǳ֮ӦΡ¾ʥһɵ
ٿȻ䣬ռһ󲨶
Ƶķʥ֣һֺɷ£ȷʵַйء
ʲô
ɫȻһ䡣
ʥ̽鵽Щʲôʵ
ʥǰЩӣиԪǳųϵıͷԪ飬ʣµģǲԸһԪߡ
ѯȷΪ͵۹ַɡ
ԪǳڣԹƣһ˽ĵı
һ֮
ʥɫһѿԭƻ뵽˸׳нһƲ۵İǿ߽ȵǣ
ܴ裡
Ҿ֪һĹ֮ӢЩ
Сôôģʨʥ㵲ѡ
ǣʥûаģһôܡʥüͷ壬ٿһǸβŮӣ
˫ɱǽĲˡ
ɶ񣡡˶˵ʥƿڴɫܻ࣬ȼգ޲ýַǧУйͷ֮ޡ
ֹ۵ǰһˣ͵ʴף
ۼһɽǶȥζܵĺܣ
ҲüڰַеǻᡣӦû˳ǣǷر޺һɱ
ʱбǵˡ
˻һۣصͷ
ɱһˣʲô
ַǷ룬ôҲܷŹ
ڻмҪһбɱ⺮Ԫǳһߣʥǿ߻⣬оǾ
븾֮ʣɱ߱֮󷵻½بؾرգǲٻ
ϵٹ11ԪҪҪʲôá
˲Ϊ𡣡ʥ䣺˭˭ģλһ԰գʥǻһ̣˲ʱȥ
̣
ǣҲҪ׬صʧ
ʥߣղžҸɫɱӵĸ飡
һʥ漴ж
ԪǳκػƾʥʵԷ׳졣
һƬȷѪ꣬ɱ¾ȾԪǳ

ޣŢˮݡ
ַ尲˰չס¡
סһ󷵻ȺͰһҪְ̫ܶáĺͰһ뿪ַϧ֪Ҫ졣
£޲ɢ֮ϯ
ַ٫չãŢˮʽӣΪ˳һӡ
ַԣһȫµĿʼ
˳Ǻܴ󣬱ǿ߱ȱȽǡ
ﶨӵ㹻ԴʵһԾڡ
ӦѾ˰ɣַ嵭ȻһЦõһܻģûа취ǲһùľԼˡ
ֻ¡Һ֮ǰɡ
ַҲں
½ޣ˳ǣһʵǿ߶ǣʥǿ߼Ǻʲô˳ǣǸκβԼ
ңԼʨʥг𣬸Ϊ٫֮ӡ
˭Կ˵һءַ嵭ȻһЦ

չ
ַ֪ԼƣսɿʥǿߣֻǿȣʥǿߣĲ˵ǽʨʥʵͱԼǿ
ֻʥ50λ
ֹʨʥлиǿ࣬ʥ24λʥʥ39λ¾ʥʥ48λ
½壬Ѫǿȱսͬȼбϵǿַĵ
ӹɣȥԼñȰɫĳǿ
бԼȴնɱɫĳˡ

½ı٣ûС
ֻ½ǿ̫࣬һץǻ춴εġ
ԣԼδǿߡ
ʵ춴࣬Ҿܿ춴˲Σӽƿߣַ˫ơ



1446 ͻ
춴ΪΡ
һΪͨ춴࣬Ϊ׻춴ࡣ
ǰ߷ΪλʥλʥλʥӦķĲͬ
λΪݣΪλʥλΪλʥλɣΪλʥ
Ϊ׻춴ࡣ
Ϊ춴࣬۷춴༰춴޵С
תΪ֮壬뱾ԴΪһ壬𣬷ΪĻ춴ࡣ
λΪ춴ࣻλΪ۷춴ࣻǿıλԲƵϻ춴޵С
ϵʥǿ֮Ա½ǿһȷΪ춴һΪϵĿռϡ٣½
ַ
Ϊϵʥǿ߶ڻ춴ʱ䳤½ǿߺ׾͸ռ䷨ֱԽ׻춴࡯γΪƿߣҪں
Ǳʲ
ͨ춴࣬2000ԪʳعʵӳҲֻ3000Ԫ
һΪ̤֮׻춴Σ춴5000Ԫ۷춴7000춴޵У9999Ԫ
ַĵԹ١ħɾʥߣֻҪͻƣλʥߣճɾͲ֮۷춴ࡣ
ռ䷨°빦ѭ򡣡
̤ƿߣҲ¡
ռ֮ռǳΪƿؼڡ
ҲϵʥԸҪԭ
ϵͻơ
ǵʵԣͻֻʱ⡣

ַض͵۹
ռ50%꣬ϵͻƺչأ۷춴磬һǿıҲϵĻ
ʱ䣬һ˲š
بؾǹرգӳڶٴѣƬصس⣬֮ǰͬǣبؾٲῪõĳ⡣
Ϊ11Ԫϵ
ӳڶ˥䣬ϵ뵹ʱ
֮
ħ֮
˳УַٴһΪͬʱŹ١ħԪ飬ηبؾջĲǻ춴Ԫջ㲻١
ÿһŷԪ飬̲ŲƵķء
ɣٶȸ򣬽ʡʱ䡣
ַѡеĹٷԪ밵ħԪ飬ֻǲ֪һͻƣʶ·
ķԪ飬
ÿһŷԪ鶼һλʥߣַȴֻǳΪһԵĺƷٵɷԪеԪطأַԷĸ
һһӡ
ʥߵʥ˵򵥲򵥣˵Ҳѣĸֿɸ

̤ڶһѳǰҪľ̤ȥ
ܿ죡
ַķٶޱѸ٣ԱǾˣͨԪʮƵĿԽԽķ򣬾һſŷˮ뱾Դַ巨ľ硣
Сɵɡ
һϪˮɺǰ㣬ֻҪ㹻Ļۣˮɵͻơ
ַ岢ż
ʱ仹̣ܶꡣ
~~һŷԪ漴ѿַۣһħ֮ͺƻһַӡԺ֮С
һƵɢȥ峺ÿһ֡
һɲǣࡣ
ԷԪ˵򼫴˷ѣ൱ݳޣ
ЧҲ˵ġ
̶̲ʮַ꣬ѡ˷ɵĹţҡھǿ˵ֱ˼
λɣһǾԼԪʱ䡣
ʮꣿЦ

Ţˮݡ
չôҪͻˣ٫
ţ޽㣬ҸǰβԪѵһĳšӭ̧ظԺһͻƣܺͺƿһϸ£
չʵԭڰǿҡ
ͻƣٳ߸ͷһʵɿĺƿߣδûܡ
ţչ츳ǿˡ٫΢Ц
ǼĽһ˰β壡ӭԸäĿĳݣ˫ͫгһգһܳΪ˻صǿߣ
һġ٫Ц
˵䣬һϤĲ粨˴
ӭ΢΢һ漴֮裬޽㣬ͻˣͻƳΪ춴ǿˣ
٫һЦҲΪչеˣʮŬ͸Ŀá

ذӭٿ٫΢΢ſӣС죺ⲻչϢǡֹӵϢ
ͻƳΪ춴ˣ
٫š



1447 춴
ͻˡַһ֣ǿҵİħƿء
Ǵɵİħ˳ǰٷʱӿ֣ԸУ밵ײ˲䡪
ž
ٷֱӱħɡ
ȫѹ
ħ򣬴ˡַ΢΢һЦֱɲελ򣬽ԼʵȽλʥʽ춴Ρ
۷򣬺ͽ׻춴кܴࡣ
ϾԽ߲Խ
ͬ޵ǿᣬδػ춴࣬ٽһ㣬ɱ۷춴ַ࣡ŵ
½춴࣬۷춴춴޵кܺ
һ̤׻춴ʱѸһ˿ռ䷨򣬳ΪƿߡȸλλλԲ׵Ķࡣ
£Լǰ·
һ׻춴ħٷһܽףΣǿ뱾ԴΪһ塣
ռ䷨֮費ͬĸ򣬻ÿռ䷨ϡһ˿ռ䷨٣αͬ뱾Դϡ
Ϊ࣬ǱȻġ
֮Ḷ́շֻϵܳܲӷ
רע߷Ļڶ·ɣ򵥡ַףҲΪʲô½߲޽׻춴εԭ
һ·ΪҪԶ·
ҪôһҪߵһ·ַ
Ϊ׻춴ʱһεǿԽ׻춴Կռ䷨ǿ
ңҪΪ׻춴࣬ȱ˸סַһЦ
ԼгųɵķԪδãչ40ķԪ飬㹻Լˡ
ͬİħԪ飬̲صİħ򲢲ͬħһƬÿһ˿һκˮһŰħԪ鴢ǰٵηˮ֮ظȻͬ
ڣʵַȡڪzϻ굶ħֶʱڪzϻ굶͹һѪɫ֣ħܾ֮֡
һʵĺڪzħӵð޾ĺڰͷԹ
ħƿظǿԺڪzϻ굶ƿǸǿǿڪzϻ굶һͬʱ߱յڶʵ
ϻַ꣡һڪzϻ굶Ȼ
һмϻ꣬Էһ㣬ֱϲ֮и꣬ϰöϻ꣬춴༰ƿߵĲ֮Լв
޺ڪzϻ굶ڶϻꡣ
Լ˵Ŀǰսһ
һٷԪ飬ٷ̤ڶʱѪַ֪ԼѪ֮ǿڹ⡢ϵ裬Ҫ
ͷΪ;
ù֮ɣԳԽںϡַڴ
Сɺʹɣƿزܴ

˳ǣ񻪾ʯݡ
һ۵ľʯݣ㲻ƽףΧ񻪾ʯӴˣ۵񻪾ʯУסʮ˵ȡ
ࡢ֮ӣʨʥʥ
ǿߣʮϾڴˣַԵࡣǵǹעһԪǳʣıֻﶼ޷ס
ģַ嵽׶㵽ȥˣһӰûУ
ǣΧ񻪾ʯѾ෽̽ûϢ
ƻļһǵĻ춴һԵĶбһֱ㵽Ϊֹҵߣʨʥӵۣһŭ⡣
ֹǽʨʥʥַ嶼֮ǡ
ַ壬أ
޲ýƤǣ
ûô
ûУͷʥ¾ʥһ񣬼ˡʨʥϧ֮ǰչأûӵ񡣡
̫ˣôҲøǵɫʥ
ΪǿʲôϵӳܻĽ⣬Ǳͻܽ˳ģؾʥ
ϧûˡʨʥϧ
˭˵ûС֮Ӵ߽еĺʵֽţûˣµĹѫˣۻ㹻Ĺѫһܽؾޡ
˵ؾıأ˻֮ѡｨ˳ǣΪ⡮ؾ֮˫ͫ˸
ޣʨʥһ
ӹ֮еĺʵֽţϸһʱǻһĨȡ
ãʨʥصͷ
һѾֽţȥ



1448 ѫ
ѫ񣿡ַ
ǰӣ˸䲼ģ˳ǵǿߣ춴ǿ߽Կɽ񣬻ɱ˻ȡѫ٫
忪ʼδˡַ
Ȼ˻ɽ֮սн80ʱ䣬ڱ뿪ʼ׼Էһ˻ʰܱ롣
ѾΧ˳ǣѹ˳ٲƱ㱻ѹ
һ˻ʰܱƾɱ˳ǽɽ
ԣڱ뷴
ǰ䲼ְ䲼ѫ񡣡ַ٫ԼǼĴǰȥɱĸפء
಻ͬȺӣȫסһ𣬶ǿͳ죬פһȺء
Ϊ弱˰ɡ٫Цؾó䵱ˡ
ַҡͷˣһ֮Ϊؾѣ޾ԪҲֻһ˻ʣؾΪ춴ǿãǺƿߡ
ؾ̯Ϊһܴ̼ѫ񣬶ɴѫģеٮٮߣʱؾʵдиǿʵػ˳ǣ˫档
˻ԻţȺȻв壬˻һ
屾زס˳ǣȻؾ
ԣ˾ٿƴ󷽣ʵֻʱ˵ľߣȻ˵ؾӹɣȷһ
٫һӴӹѫ񣿡
ַţҵʵ춴࣬λʥڻ춴бǿĲ࣬ͨ˶һƴ֮
ʵǴģһζĥºɱ¾ǻ¡
ߣȿ׬ȡѫֿɵõ˫ĽֶΪ
٫չüЦܴôӣ
ȻԡַЦ

ַ٫ˣǰ˸
ʮַ꣬ȻͻƳɻ춴࣬ʵѸ٣٫Ҳû£估ַ壬Ҳ˳֮ȥǿ˲١
ַ٫һ۷춴绢٫սѷɫַ壬ʥҲѽǰ٣ר޿ƼɣַҪǼ¡
ʵȽ׹ȻҪҪս಻ɻȱ
ӣƿһжԼж٫
Լжַԥ
ѫַʽһƿһж˵ȫ࣬Ҳڶ춴ǿѡϾǿ߱鼰˳⣬ܿײˡ
ͨ춴ǿߣӵкƿʵˣ·һ
ڶ֣Լж
бףжȻΣյҲǶʵоŵѡһֹѫֵĵ׬ȡࡣ
š٫ɵͷ
ַľû顣
Ầôַ٫
٫ҡҡͷȻЦδ˳ʱĶô
ַһЦ
ȷʱ򶼴ˣԲ˵
ӶЦ漴˸
ĿһƬɫ㣬һÿǿ߸𣬲ʱܼǿ߳룬˸߲ң־ϢϺ£˲ᡣ
ǼǣȻȡַ
ܿ죬ҵǸ룬ЩжһѫģѰƿߴӵģֽ֮
ģһǸǼǵĴ
ȻַһڵǼǣȡ
سǷ̷
ǡķǰڰȫʹãֱӷ˳ǣѶλͷź̷ữһɫ̻ȼϿգòɢ
Χߣǰæ
ѹӦ
ÿһֵƣƿ˳ǣ帻ɵйԲôӬͷС˵淽Ҫ
һʧȥ˳ǣٷ塣

˸һ
ǻҪȶã̲֮סʵ
ʮˣܳʨʥΪһʮһһӣĳ˴ͬʮˣ˴ʮĳˡ
˺ü죬֮һ
ϾǰһӸûáʨʥٵȵȰɣôһʱ
֮ӵԼжô
ʨʥҡͷ̫Σգ˳ʲôֲǲ֪ˣֱСģսһͻˡ
кƿߴӣҲֲǶȵϤлᵥж
֮ӵͷ
˵ٿһ֮ɫ˲䣬һʨʥ쿴٫ߵǡַ壡
ַ壡ʨʥ˫Ǻ



1449 ̤Ьٴ
Уʥַǡ
ȵǣԪǳĻ춴˸⣬һɽȫ⣬ǵֻʣһЩβߣ
ַ壬ÿһס񻪾ʯݣŢˮݣҪٱðա
УԽʨʥ֮ӶַޣǰΪʨַ̺ƲһΪ٫֮¶ַԹ޼
ңһģһ࣬һ֮ӡ
Ҳӹѫ񣡡֮ҧ
ȫѹ򡣡ʨʥ˫һСóˣؾС
֮ӵ٫ʵһǼƿ߶һжӦû
ʨʥͷʱϷԹںãġ
֪ô֮һЦҺδֻΪ٫һиңֻҪ˵ˣϣǽʨʥ㡭
ʨʥ΢е۾ʱίȫкѣó˳ǣ˽֣еǻŪ
˻һۣ仮ζһЦ
ԣֻҪɱַ壬ϵıƽ֣ǿɱ˵˷ֻĶࡣ
Ǻǣ̤Ьٴ֮ӵһЦ
û뵽ԼʨʥҲʮ⣬ַʵ㲻ںʥе50λǿߣҪɱַǻֵ
ﰵϲ׼˵ʣȴַ嵽
ȻһСʱһСʱȥַ٫ӰͻȻʧƵģûӰֱͷԣֱȥһ죬ʨʥ֮ɫࡣ
Ϊַ֪٫ˡ
ô£Īˣ֮
֪ʨʥҡͷȥ϶ǽӹѫģûѡ顣
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ٿأ·뵽ʲô޲۾Լж
ַ壬ûɣ֮üЩƿ߶Ҫӳ˿ɲǳصģһ㶼ԶΪλģ
֪νԼֵ˭ʨʥ͵
ˣɫȴѿ
ַԼҲͰˣһϴĻ춴Ͳ֪˭ȥˣ
ô죿֮ҧʨʥ
ô죬⹷ģʨʥŭĿѣ׷ûԶ׷ȥ˳ΧӦˣģ
ɶ񣡡֮ؿڼεӱ
ڴȻȫһȥɲ򡭡ʮ˻û룬ȵʱַ粻֪ȥˡ
Ҫô׷ɱַ壬Ǵ춴Ҫô
ǣַֻܸߡ

ͽʨʥ٫ɫЩѿ
šַͷ
۸ӦʮʨʥҲȲ쐻޵Ķڽʨʥ֮ǰѾġʨʥ֮ӡ
䲻֪ʲôһû¡
һġ٫ҧ촽Щס
ֻûʲô¡ַ˵
٫ַ壬ЩԾаնԸʨʥ
֮ӵʵ٫ڲ֮䣬Լַ壬ʨʥǿʥе50ĳȻڡ
ַ֪ҲҴƱ
ս춴ûãʵЩģ
м¿Կ϶вʨʥҲаձס
Ǳ㹻
أַ٫
٫ɫЩ԰ףַ֪ǺΣսַϽʨʥҪ֮ӣǰ
ңҲ֪٫֬˫ţ΢΢촽ã˫ͫеĳԥչ֡
ַһЦǿԼһҲûġ
һ֮ӣԼ첻ɶв
ôԣ٫׵Ľãż㣺Ӳõģ٫һܿ˷ġ
ַݸЦͷ

ȡڳйһƷ漴ǡ
ǰӡϲ빦ѫıʶ˸й涨빦ѫߣ۶ޣⲻɱ
ҪΪ˷ֹһֵܳ⡣
˵涨Ч΢ϾҪ͵͵ɱһ˲£ܹ黹Щá
ڣˡַꡣ
˳УǱչãо嶼ˡ
š٫΢ЦͷЦȴЩǿҪǰȻǶᡣַ壬٫ְࡣ
߰ɡַһ
ȥɹѫ˳㡭
һЩ鷳



1450 
춴ִ࣬񣿡
ǲ
ʢײеˣ˵˴ӣĳ˶Ҳǳصġ
ţ»˭ôģк̷ȣлسǷԲžбϣ޾ηɡ
̤˳ǣַ٫ײǿߡ
һ⣬ȫǺƿߴӣʮһ˶飬Ҳ塢˵Ķ飬Щֹһƿߡ
ִйѫģԷӹµ֮
ǻ춴࣬ҲҪ൱ǿʵģҼ顣
ΪҪԵģ½ǿ塪
塣
һƬҵıޣط类ͳΣѪİ˳˸ǵλߣʵԶƿߵĿ£ܶҡ
㱱ޣҲǸ˹εĽ
˵޾֮أĥǿߣ
ӣĸ򣿡٫Χš
ֲ䷽ȥɡַ˵һЦ·ֲ䣬Խȥңʮ겻֪ûаˡ
٫һЦôأʮ겻ָһ˲˵ʮԪпܡ
ַЦЦþûĽˣ߰ɡ
š٫Ӧ
漴ֲ䷽ȥ
ѫûҪֻҪ˳ǷΧ˶ɱֻسǷһķΧƣһΧ޷ʹá
ԽԶ˳ǣ빦ѫǿ߾Խ٣ʱΣͷź̷Ҳûá
ַ岻ں͸ս
˳Χ类߰˰ˣҪΧɱ׬ȡѫЧ̫ɮ٣鷳ܶࡣ
ˣ뿪˳
½ַ棬һصеĿռ˳ԣе֮
Ǳ޾ܣȴ̽
ַΣգԼһ˱ǣ٫绢Ҳǲ뿪˳ûãײһ֧ĳСӡ
Ѵ֮ǽ
ַһˣɱһͷĳ˼ʮͷˣ˫ʵһΡ
20㹦ѫ١ַһмͨģʮųͨġ
ѫļ㣬ļֵ㡣
ģ1㹦ѫмģ10㹦ѫ߼1000㹦ѫ
ɫᣬͨѪ˵ļ۸
ǵɫᣬѪˣѫֵǧ㡣ַϴɱͷѪĳˣľ10000ѫ
͸ɫᣬѪѫֵԹ㡣
Ѫϡ٣һĥµĶѪͨˣþսͻƣܼѪΡ٫
ַͷ
Ѫеģ϶ǿסʵսǿɱ䱾Ѫ
еѪһ㼤ǱƳ
ԣǿ߻һĵΪЩѪƽӹ˵ֻ·
ҪôսҪôף
˳ԲԶĳ˶಻мɱ˷ʱ䡣ַ20ѫԼ˵Ҳ΢˵Щһʮһ˵Ķ顣
ƿ߾˴ͷô֣
߰ɣԽ⣬ԽԶ˳ǣĳ˾ͻࡣַ
š٫ӦĿԶһ˿ӣһĨЦݣӣǿ߰ɡ
ַ΢΢һЦ
᲻֪٫룬ĵ֮Ӷ֮ȫԪСô״ơ
ֻ
һսܵһʱܲһ
ʱ̵ţɸɴֱӰ˵ַкڴʨʥһս˽һԼսʲôΡ
ںͽʨʥǰĥһϤǿս
ַ˫
壬һܺõ

սݵַˣܿ˵ڶս˳ǷΧǿ൱࣬ȻΧǣȻΧѲ߶Ⱥ
һΣֱײĳˡ
ԶԶʮַȻʤ֮ǰӮ˵ѪǿİɫĳˣַҲںͲ֡
һɫĳ˵ģǿǼֵ10000ģ˫Ϲѫֵ
൱֮࣡
ϻַ꣡ĵһƬڣڤϢͻأһѪɫľڪzϻ굶ĿַϾɣǿĳҲƵ·ˣоǿ־塣
߳
һϣѪĽ
ϧ˵㡣ַҡҡͷΪѫ̫磬Ժڪzϻ굶ĵڶԼδա
Ϊ
ò˶ãһաַסڪzϻ굶ȻһЦ
ʵսĥµ֮ء



1451 
սһĴ졣
ַײϵģĳСӣҪսɫĳ˱ϾѪߣǷëǡ
Ѫǿ͸ˣҪѡ
ৣ~
߳
ַĵʱѩƮ裬ʱƽ¡¡һһ죬һһȻͬ⾳ںһȴ˵ϡ
ѩ
һַ֪׵Բ㣬˵ȴܸ֮١
֮һ
һ˿аǿߵʵ
̤żΪ춴ʵ
٣Ϊƿߡ
Ȼĺƿֻͨƿߣ൱ڽ׻춴ĲΣֻͬǡ硯ս
ƿ߲ΣٵǱ绢
ʩչѩࡣַеĵ֮ᶯһһ裬·бѩѩ֮
ʵ춴࣬ε·Ͽһ̨ףĸԶ
Աȹ
ڵıѩ۵Լϻɽַ
ԼǬʥʱϾ̫٣Ÿѩ֮һһʽϸϸĥֻǿѧѩȫջĺԶ
ǱſޣҪձѩ꣬ǧꡣ
⻹Լ춴࣬ڰǿ߸򵶷ʱķѸࡣ
ɽ޲ߣֻżԼϷ100%޵ַҡҡͷ
ֻϧҪ100%޵Ҫ֮Сɡ
ĿǰԼֻ԰ħ֮ۿۡ
ѩֻһ֣ϾٵʤĿǰе
Ǭʥͺˡ
ַĵ
ǬʥϾǰֲ֮أϴԼѾǸ⿪һΡ
һ峤ΪرܷٽһΡַǬʥֻǸؾԼ
ģĿǰ˵Լò

һɹѫһĥ
ַ彫նȫؿѫ֮УѫСȴҲǼռ䴢½˵һռ䱦ʮףԶ׵Ķࡣ
ǿռ䴢ֻƿԿռ䷨ʩչһռѹ졣
δܿʨʥҲδȥַЩӣʨʥһϸ£ֲԸ٫Ϊѣˣ
ԽʨʥʵҪϢԼ

ײϣǱս
ײϣצ£ʡȴһڽʨʥʵַ岢ϣʥ50ʲô
հǿߵԼѾʥǰ150
Ϊ춴࣬ʵȫ£Ƚʨʥ
٫ѫ͹ѫǶ٣ַʵ
100ġ٫Ӧɱ1000ͨˣ1Ѫİɫˣɹѫ񡣡
ðɡַһЦ
Ҫﵽ͹ѫίʵ̫ѣͨԼɱҪɱ1000£ѪİɫˣԼڵʵ

ɹѫȻǺã겻ɣֻҪﵽ10ϣͿȥ˸ȡӦҲܲ٫΢ȻһЦ
һ˳Ǵ˴ȷѪ
ﵽ100ȷʵЩѣ10ĻǱȽϿ׵ġ
ֻҪס˳ǣ˸㻨ٶҲ׬ĻַҪ˳ʧȥˣֻ¾ʹû䣬ǅԽѹơ
壬Ǳǿ塣
ǲֹѪǿᣬֳǳɫԷչʮֿ٣ʱǳ壬ֻδ˻صĳȻڡ
û˳Ϊ֧Բǡѷɫһ
ţַӦڣٿ֮һ
Ņ壬ǰӦѳ֡
ŮųɫսףⳤĶ䣬ɫͫɫļдǿ֮򣬹ʮ㡣
һƿߴӣ˽Ϊ춴ࡣ
˵Ķʱһ˽֣飬нٸ֮࣬дӵĸˣ֮Ӵַ֮
û뵽뿪˳ûãģ˶顣
Լ٫ϣûеڶѡ
ϰٸɱţǿĺƿ߶ˣŮĸ춴һĳˣɱѪɺӣ֡
~ַһꡣ
٫˵ͷָָǰȻ漴Ǹϡ



1452 ŤתǬ
Сģͳȵ
еĴꪻһ꣬¡꽻ɫһӲǽѪ¶ǣһͬǿ֮ˡ
ƿߣʵಮ١
ûôˣǧӣǧһɽǧӯӯǧˣűγһԲƵΧ˵ͻƲֹۡ
ˣʵ̫࣡
ĳͷ죬ʮȻɱ࣬Ȼнʮ֮࣬һ֧˶顪
Ϊףͳʮ֧ĳСӣܹ111ˡ
ź̷ǧ¶ȡ
δ䣬ֱ۱㱻һǧƺֱȫ飬ǧӭͷ죬ŽΣնֹ
ǧһɽǧӯӯβˣһ˿϶Ͳ
ɫѿȴû뵽дҪҰһ֧˶飬Ǽˡ
֧Уĳʵǿ߼춴࣬м춴սĸʵǿܲסԷ˶ࡣ
طһ⣡ǧӯӯӣ˫ɫ
ȴڵɡǧһɽЦѣȻ죬սӳһƬ׵䣬һˡ
ϵð϶ǧһɽ̷ʱһֱȡգɫǳɱʶȼߣ籱һ㣬ܳܳһʱ䡣
ȣ
ȻԸ⣬ǱϾǅǿߣʱҲû취ôˡ
Ÿͷ̷ǿһεıƽǧһɽЦǧӯӯ촽ҧķϣбźֱ
Զˡ
˼к̷ֻҲûȡǧӯӯͦε˫弱ԽԽǲ԰ѿʱţоڽʧ

ǰǧһɽֱѪһƬѪ˲ᣬǧӯӯһҧֱǰͷ죬ϵһؿڷƣ˲ᡣ
ߣǧһɽǧӯӯشǱǧӺǧ帷ǿһ֣ҲǶľ֧
ڴʱ
~~~
һƬŵ棬γһƬɡ״ӣһɫʣǼһ潫Ƭ֡
۷춴ɡ
ãսеͳĿʱһʵԿǼǿĿϵάһߵսбŤת
Ԯģ϶ֹһˡ
þˣͳ֮ϲдꪻӶ֣ʹŭ
ģ٫ַ塣
غĳս٫ȣƿ۷춴ʵһ㣬רעƣⷽӼ¡
ɡͷţֱǧӣǧһɽѹټ
һƬɫʣǧһɽȻ֮䣬һɫӰֳսħ
ӿİħȻͷţǿƻɽ緢
䣡䣡䣡
ÿһιǱըһ㣬˱֧飬ĳͷ죬һ֮Уÿһλӵӹ
̶գۣʮ˱㱻ɱ
ҵ죡ǧһɽѡ
춴ǿߣǧӵɴ۾ôôǿ
ǧӯӯǧŮ˸ٿȻķʱлɳˣһͷצֱǧӯӯʵظɫ󺧣Է
ʱ
߳
һɫХͷҺһֱԴ˲µֱӽͷַһǧӯӯǰ令
սǻӳɽݿࡣ
ǿļѹһЩһһŮ˲ᡣ
ַʵ٫ϣ̶̲ʮ룬㽫ȫŤת
˹룬ʣĸ񺿣ЩЩ־塣
̫ˣǧһɽ۾ֱðǡ
ǧӯӯַǼʵıӰǿҵսϢһŷļ죬Ե˾ĸоޱȵã֡
춴ǿߣôǿǧӰ̾
ǧ帽˫޳Ľëգֱַ壬ڱޣֹǅ壬һȺŮӣΪĽǿߡ
̶Ƭ̼䣬˱㱻ɱųɡ
٫û֣ĸַ˳ϣһǿȫɢӰ켫
ƣַ˵ûһ˿Ѷȡ
䣡ɱһĳͷ죬ǱŭһƬռҲʱռͻأĳѷ죬߶ӡ
ǲٲߣҪ
һսʱĻͳǧɽǧӣǧ帣ǧӯӯһ˵Ŀۼַϣ̾ݣмĽ֮
һ֮ŤתǬ



1453 Ǿô
лλͳŨüĿֶ
м֮Աַ壬Լӹһ٣ǧֻ¾Ҫ˵ˡ
лλˣǧ˹
˵к̷ȣִйѫ߲ûй涨һҪˡ
Ƕ£ҲԹˡ
Ͼһ֧˶飬׶Ը
ˣܼ֮¡ַ΢΢һЦ
Լͅ岢޶ԹʩԮ֣һһ飬ֶΪ뱱ǿʢȺãаһס
ǰҶִйѫҲսѡ٫Ц
˿һܿ졣
ͳ˱Ҳദַһ֮ʵõ磬ڱཻʵǺҪһء
һƿߣԲܺһͨǿ߽á
ַ壬ʵ֤Լ
Ⱥƿ
ִ磬ǾôǧӯӯӨ˫ַͫ壬˵
ǰ֣˸òѾ塭ǧһɽ
ַҡҡͷ˶ж㣬ҡҪŵĹͬ飬סַһЦͳЩòģԼжĸһЩ
ͳͷ˵Ҳǡ
ˬһЦͳǧˣǶеֵܽãһһ⣬벻
ַţղѾ
Ծյأ˱˴ȴͳ˵ʮֿ
ֵʵǷ҅壬춴Ҳֵʵģˡͳ׾ֵ֪Ժδͳʵ
ϵַ΢΢һЦ
ͳһƺϣû뵽ϵҲ˶ʵǿߡ
ϵǿ߻Ի춴ʵȽǿ޺ƿߡַ֪Լһ˲ǵһ̤½ġ
½Ⱥϵߺۡ
٣ʵҲֻǽ׻춴࣬ôͺƿȣϵһಿĻڱֲ䶼ԶԶ硣
ֲ䣬ƿ߾кü
ֲ䣬ֻǰβһ䡣
βڱޣֻµȵ塣
šͳͷ漴ֵֵֻˣСӣֻ¡
Ĺʹ򣬴򲻹¡ַЦһЦ٫ƿ൱ǿԲǿ
ͳ˲һЦĵַӣ
Ȼַʵĸ𾪣ַ˵ıϾֻĳˣʵڻ춴ǿаμ⣬Ҳֻǻ춴ΣԲΪַӵл˵ʵ
춴ǻ춴࣬ƿǺƿߡ
һʵΣ֮½Ѹٹ̡
ˣô˶飿ַڵ
ҲǺͳֺüë΢΢һɫͫһ˿ɻ󣺡˵ﲻܳ˶顣
˴δ˳ǷΧΧִйѫǿڶ࣬Ҫѱˣֱδ֣ҡ
˵֧˶ûսĹģ
ԭ򡣡ǧӯӯˮԣҪôпռ䴫Ҫôһε˲䡣
֮
ַͬ
ƬΧ⣬кִܶйѫǿߣܷһ֧˶룬ǧӯӯ˵ֿܣΪȷ
һֿԴһ㣬˳Ǳѹضпռ䴫ࡣһԵǧ˵˵֮ǰмһ裬Ӧʣࡣ
ǧһɽ˫һһռ䴫󣬹ѫȿ൱߰
ǧӵͷͨĿռ䴫󣬶ֵ10ѫǽռ䴫ġռ澧Ǽֵơ
ַ֪ռ澧ʲô
ԼԴʯҲ澧ıԴͨռ澧൱澧ռ澧൱ڰ澧Ʒռ澧൱ھ澧
ϵĿռ䴫ͬĿռ䴫ҪǿĶ࣬½ռ磬ǿ֣ҪﴫͣѶԷϵȡ
ǿûôַЦȴɹѫɣʱеǡ
ɽʺ˻ʽսǰѫ񶼻һֱڡ
ǰֵ˵ûͳҵռ䴫ҲδռΪУǿػǲһǶ֡
˵ͷ
ʵв㡣
ֵܣ׼ǰ䣿ͳʵ
ַţָָ򣺡Ǳߡ
ͳȻһЦǷĴɹѫ񣬲һ߰ɣ
ҲáַЦ
־ͬϣһҲ޷
Ͼͳ˵ˣܰԼȷǰֲ䡣


1454 ȷп
ʱĶ飬ַһ˱ǳ
һгͳ⣬˶ᣬǧӯӯǧһɽΪأսѷһɡ
ַ֪ͳĿģֻʵݲÿڡ
˰ﵽףοַҲύǿߣùϵ˳֮Ⱥʵı䡣
Ҫ½þסƲ塣
ԭǺͰβһֻгΪƿߣӵСסաַͳͬУһ·ϵ֪岻ѶϢ
ţǧѰ䣬һС䣬˶ǧǧӯӯ΢΢Цͳ׳ϾǴǧѰгġ
ͳعͷЦԭǧͳΪƿߺ󣬷Ÿ
ǧѰһǱˣ峤׳ϴǳĥͬʱҲܻ۹ѫܽؾܺܿΪƿߡǧӵ
ַͷ
󣬵ȻԲΪλ
û뵽ִйѫûãɴ˴ǧһɽ̾ѣ󣬷֪شҵȷ졣
ַͷʵսõĥ
ִ㿴Ǵ󰡣Ϊʲôôḻǧӯӯ
ǰ֣ʵĽǧӸ̾
ǧһɽǧҲͫͳתͷˬʶЦ޹أֵܿСֻӶ
ַ΢΢һЦ
ȷʵԼǴһδġ
ЩĲƸ

Уһ·࿭衣
ַ廹ͳʵѾ㹻ǿ֧һʤ󲿷ֹѫСӣ⻹ַŴԵʡ
ʵȫͳ
ˣַʵѾǧӯӯ̾Ϊֹ˵磬ħǿʣḻս飬õַƬ˵ҡ
ֵͻƽƿߣȻҲǸٮٮߡͳ̾
ַȻһЦ
Լƿкܳһ·Ҫߣҹǻ춴࣬ԼǿĶʤʥǿߣһһ¡
춴࣬ͨģн׵ġ
ƿߣͬǡ
ִ磬ʱ䣬ӭǧѰǧӯӯ΢Ц˵ַ۾ԣֱǧһɽһЦ
áַЦ
ģǧӯӯͫ͸žϲ֡
ǧһɽЦ˵ӯӯҲ̫˰ɣֵܾҲˡ
ǧӯӯɺϼ˵ʲôأ
˽һЦ
ַЦģԅѾãлһʱҿɱװʶ
ַԅƳ磬Ҳϲá
ôᡣͳˬʵֵֻܱǧͳ֮ǧѰ䶨ǵԼ˿ѣȻ֮ǰǾ֪˵ġ
ԭˡ
ַȻͷˬʶЦʱһʹһ
˵ģͳʱ
˿ЦޱǢ
Ѱռ䴫λãûϣʤޡ
Ͼվһ̣ҲҪʱ
ַĸӦѰпɣԲŹ
ϴδսδģ˶飬ӣʮʵβ룬Ϊ
֮ǰɺϰɣϾһ裬пܡǧ帵
ҲǡǧӵûҪ˷ʱ䣬Ҿҵ˵ҲδǸУǧԴһЩҲΪرһЩ
һпɣǧӯӯҧӣն
ȷпɡ
ַٿؿڣһ
٫ҲǴһ־ַָǰƬ޴ķű⡣
۾ͳĿֱű
ǳΪ棬ű֮һƬâĺۼѱݻ٣һƬƬʯأǽ岻иҵһ֪һս
ǿ͵ĹűݻٳģǺƿΪ
ͳ߽ȥٿȻʧЦֵ˵ûȷ⣬ûԭһռ䴫󣬲Ѿȥˡ
˻ȻһƬַ循治ѡ
߽ȥȷ߿ʲôȴһĺۼӳռĲңâĺۼһ޶ԴԿռ䴫
Ӧ֮ǰʱȥġǧһɽ۲һ˵
˳ǳĵһһѽ
ȥǿݻٿռ䴫ʤ潽ࡣ
ֻѾˣѾûʲôر𡣡ͳ˵
˵ͷ
ģڣնݳ
δȥַĿ⾼



1455 Ǭ
˽һ
ֵܵ˼ǡǬͳŨü˽
ܰ߶ǿĺƿߴӣŵûɲǧӯӯӣһ૵
ַҡͷô˵ûһֿܡ
һֿܣ
˲ַ壬ٿǧӯӯ˫һĪǡ
ַǱȥâм䣬Ŀֱ·ԽΣյĵطԽȫǿܻȥռ䴫Ϊʲôؽ
ؽԭأ
Ϊ˴ԭѾȥԸѲ
˵һͳʵֵԿʵΪԸо
ַⲽű֮УҸоҲǺ·ȷһҵ̽㲻ǿռ䴫ֻҲһؾڡ
ǧӯӯ˶һۣȻ
ؾ
ռ䴫
һǲƣͬʱһǿΣ½Ŀռ䴫ûɲ
ؾǼѲ⡣
ǧӯӯǧѰһٮٮߣֻڲУǵʵҪڱвԶͳҲֻͨĺƿߡ
ڱޣͨƿֻǡ
׼ǿߡ
ǲ
ͳ˲ͬ٫һ׶ӹˣ͸ƻַ壬ǻһĨ΢΢ȣЦǳǳƽᡣ
ַ֪ԲŹλս
Ǻַһ
~~̽ѰУַ˫ͫ漴͵һԾкڪzϻ굶¶ɣһĿ׺¡¡űһǡ
һɳʯѻĽ䣬ѰҲῴһۡ

ͣ
ڪzϻ굶һֱص֮£űʯ¡ѣַӰ˲ʱû룬˲٫ӰʯϿգڿ΢΢һ٣ַһȥ
ͳЩ
ⲻ֪Ǹǻı仯Ծͳǲ縺ǧӯӯ˵һӴ̽Ը
ಣ
ͳʱǧӯӯȻһӰʧӲ촽ҧЩףַ塣
ӯӯǧӺǧ
ͳɫһ䡣
һǧһɽˬʶЦԲηηβǧӯӯȥ
ǧ帽һ¡
ͳЦҡͷɫЩѿǧӵͷ漴ȥǧӳ̾һĸǱأ˶ȥˣҲøȥ
ȻһΣա
~
ǧ֮ʱ˳ڡȴҲʮֵĽ

̤
ֱǧףַ̤ʵأһ
һƬڵͨխһˣӦɢͨ˴һԹ𶴱µһƬַ˫΢
¿ٲáַૡ
Ӧòؾ٫ַ󣬡汻˵ˡ
ַ嵭ȻһЦǿռ䴫ֻгҪ򡣡
٫Цʹ£Ӯˣռ䴫͹ˣ10ѫõ֡
жķգжջ
һЦַ٫ʱǧӯӯǧһɽ֮ǧ帣ͳǧӽַСˣＫвǿߡ
ҲУʲô¡ǧӯӯΪ
ٺ٣̼ź档ǧһɽ˫
ͳЦ뻢Ѩɵûӣûɡ
֮֮
ַͳͷһжô죬˴ҲѾϤ˶Ӧúƣַͷͳλм䡣
ˣͲ̽
һҿű֮µܣǷпռ䴫ĴڣǷַԤϡ
ˣǰС
ַ̽Ӧ֪׼ȷλãһ·ƽ˾ĵɽ˴һСʱǵӦڡ
һʵɫţʮ׸ߡ
ʵĽϵһԶ͸ɫĳ˷裬ͳĿһɨ˸û
սپַԲ⡣
кڪzϻ굶źɫâСɵİħż磬ַ屩սֱͳͫɴȴû뵽ַʵǿˡ
ͳ̾ѡ
䣡
ž𵴣ַ尵ħ¶¡ѿ
ַδ룬Ӧȴѵһʱɢźһͨܿԣַ۾˲ʱһ
ٵϢ
ãͳɫ䣬Ҳ˲ܵ
˵ŭַһնƽŵɲǱͱһ֮ѹѹһƬܼȺ߱ҧ
ߣͳȻǴȡ



1456 
԰ټƵˣ
ɫźһƬأ֮ǰϵ˶¸ʲôĽźͷˣʮͷĳ˼ͷˡ
ս൱Ŀš
Ҳѹͳɫ䣬ϴһͷ˶飬Ѳɣϵ˶飬ս֮ǰı
ߣ

ǧӣǧͳʹڶĩ˵ǵһʱǺˣǧһɽǧӯӯЩȻҲЩԥͳҧгݣ˫Ŀܻȼţȴǲɽ
ǧģҪǰȫȥ
ҪϺΪȡʱ䣬ʱ˿ͳк֣֪дΣգðսˣ鷳ˣ
ʱһǿĵɫǰΪ֮һȻ
ɫıӰɫսߴӰȴһޱȵİ
ַ塭ͳ
ȣ
ַ˫ͫڪzϻ굶Ѹٴ߹ȣͳӦȻ෴ַ忪ɫŵɲǱǸӦ˲жϺ;
ˣ
ùô
صͨͨ˴ʵ򴦴ƣÿһת䶼Ҫ٣ʩչռ˲ƣǰ³ǰ󸫡
ʩչռŲƣھͨռ䷨ǰֵͬúá
˲ãΪβս
üӵ棬һƬճشսӲƬխսص㣬ϵĶľţ·ߡ
ȷͨռóĻǽ
һ㣬ħ塣
ħ壬˵ķǿǵĳƣһСΧĶŲƸޱȣϿռĲٿأ弸Ҫ춴㹻ǿ
ǵʵӲˡ
խĿռ䣬ַԹѵڣͬʱϵˣж٣
ԾֲĻַռƣ
ΪоͨƼ٫
ɡ٫ʩչ۷춴һ׵֮ɡɹâҫӸӳʥޱȡ
󾫲࣬õıһ㹻
ɡĿ౦֮⣬֮ǰʩչȺԼʩչĵƼɡ
һţƬƬа̹ǣƬռ䶼Ǹ
䣬̺֮ſռһַ򣬷඼йͨ͸ɫʣ֮࣬γ𶯣Ӵ֮ʱǻ𵴣ը
أأأ
һδεĹƼϷַ֮ȫɫŲĿռ䣬ѳһ֡
ʱ
߳
ַĳսԡ
ǿǿ
ͫӿַս⣬̤춴δȫԸս֮ǰԮͳˣֻСţ
ûкʵĶ֣
ͳǲַ֪Լ֪ʵ
ͨˣ
ɽַԲ׾ϬĻɽżľǺϣַű֮˸ǿʣ
磬ս⣬ַѹĳˡ
ڵǰĳ˸ɻɱͷĳˣַӭһǿСˣ
ĵһƬڰ
ռľ𵴶ַӰ΢Ѫ֮кɫѸգħѪַһǰȻ˺ݺһѵ
¡
ַֻһվסǱȴһƬѪֱӱˣһɲַɫʩչ
̫
һһֱӽ˻γ̫жתַ˽ⲫ֮սɱ
ͳˡ
׼жԶӶԶȴַ˲Ѻ˽֣˵ĵۻƥս⣬ĵĶ־ͳһ졣
ַ壬սѾĳ׵ס
սܣѪѶʧ
̫ˡǧһɽָ̾Ȼʵ
ִôǧӯӯޱȣл侲뵽취ôҲ
ǧ죬ͫǳ羴֮ɫ
㣬ֵܣͳתȣдꪻ𣬱Ҫַ壬սˣɲǼ䡪
¡
ɫڿգַƺߵѪ֮һϢֱǰ貹âĹҫסߣģ
ɲǼ䣬һһ޴ӰˤڵأԳޱȵĿ
ַսˣ
ʱȫ֣ѪϢһƬޣ˵һǰֽɲ֮䣬ǿ
ַɱ



1457 
·ʤʿ൱Ҫһ
һӿһʼûַ˷ǵʵȫѹԵƣʱ
ͷеһɱˡ
ǿ
֮Էߣʱɱ˵ĵĴʤʵɲ֮䣬֮ǰڷ񹥻˶޲һﲻѡ
߳߳
ջɱַ弸ûκͣ٣ֱӻӵɱĳˣȡսʱ񣬾ַ˵ˣʶڳܷΧ
䣡䣡䣡
һ򵱹أѪɺӡ
ַǿƣֹ𾪣ͳ˸Ŀ࣬Ǵδʵȫַ壬һ춴ྐྵӵǿս
ǧӯӯƳͳ𾪡
ַ׳ȣٿȻ֣ʵﵽƿߵ׳ϾȻȲַ壡
룬׳Ͼ޿ڶʱڻɱһͷ
ַȴˡ
ңΣ
䣡޾ѩűǿҹѩȴ˸գȻͬ⾳ںһ𣬳ַ嵶С
նɱ
һͷͳˡ
ǧӣǧҲɵסˣַǿȴûǿزȫ޿赲ͺһɱԽսԽֲԽսԽǿ
ѩַ˫
ԽǲҵսԽޱרעȫӿǱڵս˵Լ򵶷˵սŵ
Ծ䣬Ѿ
ȻֻǽδѩȫİأҲ򽫽ɡ
ɣ㹻ɱһͷ

ĺ˴вȻȴܸоǵĺºͿ־壬ͬǻ۵뷨ҰģȻҲ־塣
ʵǸǿǿߣֹסȺӡ
࣬
ַ֮һ
ʣµͷȴǡˡǵͳսԼֻܵԷȫߣӱġ
ʮֻ֮ں˻𲻶ϣ˷
ֻʣЩĳˣȻַĶ֡
һʱ䣬屻ɱĹǺҾ御
ߣַ˫ȴǼһ˻һˣԼû´׼Կռ䴫뿪
Сȱ鷳ʹˡ
ֹεжṦһ񣬱ȫѱΪȱһ嵽ģǺƿеĳǿߣ
֣סַٿرȡ
ͳдꪹâ貣ȴ׼Цң
ǰֻһ̤дꪺɨǧ󿪴ϣˣĳ˶¾ʵѷɫַһ㣬ĳȴǴ´ࡣ
߳
ַڪzϻ굶·座Ȼˣ˸ҵղһѱַɱ£ԡѪģѹǴ
˭ɵȥ赲
ԱԽЩǲɵַ룬ǵ¡
ַ룬ϣעһȥҪӳ졣
࣬ʿѵȵףȫˡ
ಣ
ֱַȡٶȼ졣˲ᣬսֲսַĿɨ΢΢һ
ѹ֮࣬ԭһ˵Ĳ䣡
Ӫ
ʹѫ׬ˡַ¶һĨ΢Цٶ˿ӱʱǿռ䴫¶Цݡ
ɫâܿ죬뿪ס
ߵôַٿȻΧռһƬ𵴣ܿռ˲ƱѹƣռŲȴ谭ֱַӽռ䴫һŲƣֱǰ
ৣȻɴ۾ɫһĲҰס
ǰǺɫħ֮⣬˲Ľڣֲħֱڡ
ռ䴫İɫâһţ漴žѿ
ַһֱӽ޴Ŀռ䴫ƻ

ˤڵأһ֮±ˣʵղŸַҪȡôھͲֻôˡ
ַȻ쳹ҲǷ
ڵĵкľϣַһŲ̤ϣ̤ŷ²Ӹ£Ŀ⣬ȻԲͨ
ԣ㹻
Ȼʹַգۣ۵˵Ļȴ㹻˼
ַɫƽ
ٿعâһɫʮ˿ӣʱС



1458 Ž
ԦŽ硣
Ʒ춴ַ嵱ݺʥã֮ǰһֱ޷ϣֱʵͻ춴󷽲ϡ
ʮ˿ӣɫͷףΪɫɫɫʮŶΪɫ
ÿӣһĽӿռ䣬ܿһͷ춴ޡ
ǵݺʥܡ
ʵϲˡ
ǼټĿռϵûпռռ䷨裬ֻһͨĶƷ춴㹻Ŀռַ߷·оʲôоǿ־塣
Ž磬֡
ӵг۷춴ǿʱϣֻǶƷ춴춴ʱϣȴȫͬ
ַʵڰǿʱѾ۷춴
Ž磬û춴ʱϣɼһ㡣
ԿռȣΪŽ磬ʮ˸Ž綴ܿơ춴ޡ嶼ܿƣ
ˡ
ǰֻһԸ
ԸŽҲƲˣƩɫͷ׵Ĳ飬޷̽飬ֻ֪ʤԼһ
Ž飬ÿһŶܱΪֻһλᡣ
ȥˣ޷ڶʹá
²Ž൱ԣҿһˡū͡ƬΣķı棬൱ؼ
~~׹ͷϡ
ƺʲôңһΪūͽԾ˵Э
ȴѡòɥʧֻΪ
壬Ҳ̰֮ͽ
žɫâ˲ţĿŲŽɫ仯ԣ٤룬ĿŲŽռΪС
һַݸЦ
ԼյĵһūͣԼͬŽյūͣռū͵ͬʱǵ֪ūϢ
٤٤ϲ䣬һеȵ岿䡣
ԼԤϣ˱˴½¹űռ䴫൱֮ƻ
ˣȫ٤ϲ䡣
ڣˡַһЦռ䴫Ļȥռ澧ʱ£̲ż¿ռ򣬸ͷС
Ⲣͨռ澧Ǿռ澧൱ڰ澧
Ŀţɿռ䴫Ľǣﲻ٤ϲķ֧ռ䴫ҲǸһ
һ֧Ϳռ䴫󣬹ѫ뼸ʮġ
~~
Ӧ²鿴ȷַ巽뿪
Сʻ괬ռ䴫⣬ûκ뿪Ψһһȴţһ˷˰ĳ̣ǰͺ̣η
ͳʵǿ٫ˣҲԵв
ǧһɽǧӯӯļսδͽȻ뷴ʵ䷴ΪͳһѺϣַסȴš
ͳŭ
رʧȴǱһͷĳ͵Ϯɹͳд͵Ļӳͣĳأͳ˲㱻նɱ
ѪͳĿѣսǸ߰
֪ڲˡ
ֵŵζͳַͶأֻǵֵһЩĳˣ
֮ǰֵַģУ
һȽϣ֡
ʱ
䣡
ٿأֱ䣬ĳĺлţȴɱǵĵ˭֪
䣡䣡䣡
ˣʱͳѹᡣ
ˡ
һһո٤ɱ¾ٿ
ִ磡ǧӯӯϲ
ֻˣҪӮˣǧһɽ˫ͫ
ִĽȥ֮ͬǻ춴࣬ôôءǧҧ촽ЩԻ
٫΢΢һЦɡĿ
ңɡĿƷӼ£ǣЩѡ;壬ȻҪַǿ󵶷ǰ۵
һǰһ٤屻˽ӣܶһݳޡ
һڣһ˱ȫꡣ
Ѫַ壬ѷֲЩԼģЩġЩҪҪһ̴ȫʤջ񲻷ơ
ԭѫԲࡣ
Σȥ٤ϲ֧ݻٿռ䴫˵Ҳн50Ĺѫ
Ŀֱ꣬һ롣
Ӯˡǧš
ǧС֮ǰֻӣûǾܻ԰ټƵˣĿռ䴫󶼴ݻ١
һ޿޵Ĵʤ̣
ܴ󰡣ֵʵ̫ǿˡһۣǧһɽַͶأǧӯӯһ˫ֱַ壬δ뿪
޵Ůӣǿߣǿߡ
ǽȥɣ滹СöַһЦ



1459 ǲҪ
ö
޲һַ˵ǿռ䴫Ҳδ̫⣬ϾһʼҶµԣȸԾ̫ྪϲ
֮£ַʵ˲𾪡
ף
ϵ꣬ӵ𺧵սֻǻ춴ǿߣȴܡɡܺƿߣȫ߸½֪
壬ѪߵȵİɫˣҲ޷ڻ춴ʱܺƿߡ
һַۣ̬ȫ仯
Ƕǿߵ磡
ִ磬˲¶డǧӯӯַͫӹ΢Ц˵Ķˡ
̫ǿˣָ磬ԺҵżˣǧһɽֱĴָ
л־֮ǧӹ־ַ֪һ򣬽֮ڣ˵ӮⳡսǸѡ
խͨȫӡ
˵Թű֮ϣٴײǵǿ߶飬Ȼͬ·һ
ˣֵܡͳмһЦ
ǧһɽΪϵôȺ
ͬһԵ߾ȫַ΢Ц٤ϲϷȫòʱ˲ൺ̾
ǣȻһȺ
˵ֻǷ֧ǿˣܼˣ
Լ룬Ҳ𾪲ѡ
ǿռ䴫󡣡ַָ鲻ķ˵Ŀſռ澧Ƕ԰֡
Ҫãֵܡͳ֣ЦҵȵأսƷӦõġ
ǰָ磬ɣõĳ󷽣Ҫˡ٣ǲҪˡǧһɽȻЦ
˵ţ˲Ц
ǺðɡַҲŤЦһЦЩԅǿߣȷбǿķ緶
˴ʱռ䴫ԣ̾
׳ϣѰĿռ䴫ͬǧšҧűӣĴţʱǽСִ
ȷǲͬǧҲϸĹ۲ţٿһĪǡ
Ϳռ䴫ɾռ澧죬۸СͿռ䴫ҪĶࡣͳַ壬Ц50ѫֵο׬ˡ
һƬȻͶĽ֮ɫ
ǴдǧѰΪԹѫͬɹѫ񣬴ѫܽ봫˵еġؾ
ǿ㱱޵ĸ
˳ؾ֮أ
˭һ
Ҫ׬ѫ൱ѣǺƿҲѣ˵춴࣬ҹѫʱ޲꣬ɽ˻ʶսʱ
Ҫ׬ȡ㹻Ĺѫʱơ
ҷģռ䴫δκ뿪԰ȫǡַ΢΢һЦٿ貣Ǳߡкö
ö
˲ס
ʲôöַָģǿռ䴫ô
ʱ䣬ͫʱַ嶼˵ǺöԲм٣һ۾Ź⣬˷ϲòѵĸ
ʵϣַ֮ǰҲûӦ
Ӧ֪Žµһū͡٤Ƭ٤ϲķ֧ؿ˵һбܡ
ָơ
ַ壬˻ͺ棬һһ㣬Ƭտٲã൱ľ޴ֱصȥ
ϷֻһС֡
ǿѹͳɫԽԽأĿ
ЩԶǧӳС̽ܡ
ʲôطǧӯӯ治ѣ촽Щ΢΢ϣ˵ЩԸɡ
ַ˫
̽Ѱĵط͞e壬һԵǿ츳ǾǡԿռĸӦ

½ۣȫͳΣǿڡ
ԼռƬű²䣬ҲȻ̽ص׵ܣԣƾռĸӦƾ츳ֱõҵǸö
޾ص֮µıء
ѹԽԽǿԴԿռѹõǧ˾ٲά裬ǧһɽǧӯӯ˱أܿܲס
ٿأΧֳһۻʱѹΪ֮һ
лָ磡ǧһɽЦ
лл㣬ִ硣ǧӯӯչüЦ׵ЦļһĨЦݡ
ַ΢΢һЦ쵽ˡ
ԽԽӽ
ʶռѹԽԽ󣬰ַԼҲǵһν룬֪ʲôʲôΣգԵȻ֮
ǰͨԽԽǰһƬžĹ˸˲
ˡַͣ½Ų˫



1460 ռշѹ
չ·ȫʧһƬ˼أͨĵ·˲ǿѹϮﵽֵ
ֹǧԳܣǿͳʱҲɫء
ռѹ
ǣͳĿȻַ塣
ռؾַˣǱԶʤ˴ȻγɵĿռ̲ǿҿռ䷨򼰿ռ
ַһ٣ռм⣬ռշѹ
֮һݣǵɴ۾
ռ䷨򣬶ǶȻİ½ŨĿռͷ⣬ĸ
Ϊʲôôǿ
ΪĿռǿ½ˮ
ռ䷨򣬰ռ⣬ռм⼰ռ߼⣬ռ˲ƣռŲƣǳ⣬һӻ춴ƿߣҲǿռ⡣
ռ⣬ûйࡣ
ģ붼ǿռм⣬ռշѹ֮һ
Ӧöռؾļֵַ㵵ͳˣ˵κһ˵޼֮
ɫȻ˵ͷ
׵ãؾѰΪʲôѫôǿߣΪ˳еؾ⡣
ʵϣؾԸ˶󣬵̶ԶԲȺ
зݣַԲ䣬һðִйѫԵиͬұؾһ֪һ룬ҲӰ첻ʲô
鵰⣬㹻
Ψһĵǣ˶ӣ״ȥ
ֵģؾΪãҵȷǴ҅壬ǧѰ˾й©䣬ΥģɢóͳɫȻ
ǧĿ¶м֮ɫͳһġ
ַ΢΢һЦǡ
ʵϾй©ȥҲ㲻ʲô¡
ǧѰ˶֪ܽж٣
һ˵ȫ룬ҲӰ첻ؾЧ
ֵܣղ˵ռؾ巢ֵģͳͻȻ뵽ɫһ䡣
巢ֵģ֪˶ˡַū٤һռؾһˣѱԼɱ
ֻ֪ˣûʸ֪
һԳ͵ס
棿ͳһ
ַͷ
ԿַЦ˵ĿǧӺǧ帣΢Ž롣
漴ǧһɽǧӯӯַ念˷ɽ룬Ȼֻʵ䷴
ǧһɽ˵ͷӦַƴӡ
˵Ӱ
ַеţǴģ

ַ尲źˡ
ټ˲УƬű֮ΣԲ˷ѣȫﶨӣͳż룬ǻǧ˿壬һ롣
շƽʱ䡣
ַ٫ֻ˵ܿǸԭ롣ַۼʶһշѹռؾİ٫Ѱͻ
һ˿ռ⣬ÿռ䷨ϣ֮ľ罫̤ƿߡ
ͬĺƿߣʵԺܴ
ռм͸ռ̤ĺƿߣʵ֮
磡ַ̤ռշѹؾ
һƬ޵磬ŨĿռΧһƬȫµ磬֮ʯǽշѹ
ߣұߣ棬棡
޴շѹ֮
ĿռؾԽԽ£շѹԽǿ°빦ҪȵܵסռѹҪͷѰһƽ⡣
ռշѹַǿںɫȡռ˷ܣӿڣһ̰ԵĺӰ㡣
ɫУǹ⡢ѪĽӣȴ˿
һ޵֮ſռ
ҲգԶյ֮һŨռܲؾ磬۶ܿһ֪Ƭ޷ɢɼռ֮ǿ
ӳڶ
ӳڶַȫֻнײ޾һƬڰҲš
ǧףԸ򡣡ַѾԼļޡ
Ŀǰļޡ

ַ٫漴շѹռؾпʼ
ַ룬٫ֻнһǧ׵ľ룬޷ǰļޡ
ͳڹű֮һ£һ̤ؾ
ʵǧ帣̤һǧ˰ףʵǿǧӣ̤ǧףޡ
ǧ˶ǧѰһٮٮߣ츳ʤ٫һȣοǱ½Կռĸ



1461 ǧŰ
ΪƿߵͳҪǧӵʵǿĶࡣ
Խǧ׽ޣڵǧ˰׵λͣͳüͷλòƽ㣬ܿռѹרĸ
Ŀһɨͳһ·ûֵܣĪڸǰ棿
𣬶ַʵͳȻģսǿսһ棬ʵȽһ档
Ǻƿߣ
񣬸涼ַȥʵЩѿ
ҺôǧѰĳϣĺƿߡͳЦҡͷĿ΢΢һƣ֮漴ǰȥ
Ҫַ嵽
ַ֮Ĳ࣬ж١
ǧ˰ףȻͳļޣֻҪȥֿռԽ࣬Խ١
ǧס
ǧס
ǧס
~ͳ࣬ǿѹɫЩ࣬ǧ׾ļޣѾܽӽͳ֪޷һڡ
ȻûֵܣͳЩ
ַ㻷ʵˣǺƿ߶ֵˣôһߵһ
ͳиǺ棬ǰУֱǰ档
ÿһǧֹסѹ˷ӿҪûǧ٣ǧİףǧס
ͳĺԽԽ٣
ⲻ־ֲģѾﵽޣʼ䣬ƺԼһɫӰƬռ֮УʯǲߴӰɽΰ

ǻһƣͳˡ
ھҷڣ˵ļ죬ܿ췵ǧ˰״ͳ׳ƣѣĿ
̫ˣ
ֵܾȻڽӽ״ͳŵҡͷ૲ѣôĹﰡֻǻ춴Ѱ
һ춴࣬ӵȿµ
ֵܼǧѰ䣬ʱգǧѰ䶨ܳΪǿ䣡ͳ˫Ŀֻ֪ǷԸ⡣
ʵǱֻ¶Ƿëǰɡ
ͳ̾һ
ȴ˱ˣˡ

ǧŰףַĿǰڡ
Ƭռ磬ֹѴݣӶҲ൱ַͣδͳĵʱڸ֮С
ܽһַԭǿһѪǹؼ
ɫ൱ĿռʶַѹȻַսٳɫʵȽ׻ơ
м⣬ռշѹַҵ磬Ƭռ⾳֮С
أ磬ʵĿռ⾳
ԺһƬΧĿռʱʱģʱʱǳһɹǿ̲ſռ䷨⣬Ƭ֮У֪ʱš
Ҫռ䷨һ˿ѡ
ϵѭ򽥽Է˵λյռ䷨ΣԽϽӴԽࡣ
Ϊռķܣռ䷨ǿᣬʹ÷мѭ
ڽһݣֱϷ
ѡַЦȫ߼ʣĿռ䷨ǿңռŨԼʵ̫
Ҫһ죬񻰡
һˡַһͷʮҰɡ
Լһ¿ռ츳ҲδǷֱӸռ䷨򣬾ռ츳ٳɫжԼԪ㡣
ʮꣿ
ֻǵָһ˲
նѫҲҪѫܽؾϾĻһ٣շѹռؾֻҪ룬ʱٽ롣

ޣһƬɽϡ
ŨŨѪζʪϣѪʮɢʬ壬˵аࡣ
ʮˣȻû˵ʨʥҧ
Ѿ˰ɡ֮һЦ٫ʵǹƥôܻȥ
ʨʥͷҲˡ
ϴǡ֮Ŀ¶⣺ļһҪᣡ
ʨʥһ׵ʮҲû׹սвͻƣѽȣһַʲô
ӶЦĵ⡣
Ӧ˱޵߶Եãƿٷңɼʨʥ֮Ӷ츳֮ʵȻǿ졣
ڵսʥ3540֮䡣ʨʥһЦ
ԭֻ50Ⱦ޴ֻʮΣԽǰÿһʵͺܴ
Ҳе70ˡ֮ЦҪײСӣҪʨ֣һ˾ܸ㶨
ãʨʥĿȻ
ӶЦ־



1462 ֮һѪ
շѹռؾС
գۼ䣬ַʮռ䷨ε£ô׾򣬸˵м⣬ԶԶѶȡ
Ȼʮַ岢ûջ
ѪУ޵׶ĺɫн˱͸оѪһֱ¶ַ壬о֮ǰȻͬѪ
ˮȣʮʱĺɫ޴
һȫµȫµĲΡ
~~Ŀռ޾ںϣڶݣصľ֮ڱըǺɫֹ
~~~
ڼ֣֮ȥַ˫̲ͫһɾǿңʱɨƬշѹռؾÿһĿռ򣬶һ
ǿĿռӦַ֮
ףĿԼ壬忴һȴ˷츲صĸı䡣
Ѫı仯
ɫУˡַʱΧĿռ˿˿򲨶ǰȥ˿˿ƵĿռӿڣٶȱ֮ȥ죬
ûκѹ
һƬԼ֮УȻ֮
ɫսףⰵ֮أַ֮Ȼͫ͸˿˿󣺡㹻Ĺ֮Ͱ֮Ҳô
кܺ档
Ѫַ廹ĵģԴԵѪǾǵֻĵ͹ȥԶԶͬѪϼǱµѹء
Ѫص̫
֮ǰϵʱԼѪ㻨˼ЧҲǾˣȻֻһףѪ֮ǿѹھϵ
ڣѪٶȽϣ
֮ƣ֮ƣԼɫСַ֪Լ壬ĺɫбȹȥԴһ֣оȸ󣬸ܼ̣ÿһξյĿռҲǿ
ʮ
Ѫһ׶εĻѾ֮һ
ַշѹռؾнţؾ֮Ԥƣ±Լ˶ĿռȻδһ˿
ԽԽоշѹռؾ֮ǿ
һǧףǧףס
ַܺշѹռ䵽жֱߵʱȻףǾͨ˰ĵ·ޱȡ
ʱַѸоѹ
صѹʼ֡
׵ĺɫַ࣬Ȼǻ춴࣬Ӧշѹռؾȫռ⡣
ǰУ
ַҪ̽δױ㲻òͷǰͳĸɡ
Ŀռշѹ⣬һ״ٱַֹؾһۣ˻
׵ףף˻صǧŰ״
Ŀռշѹ⣬Ҳȹȥǿʮַ֪ȻΪռؾı仯ΪԼѪı仯
ɫɱڶ׶Σǳ
ǿռȹȥǿʮַȭоɫǱصľ˿ռȻδ޷ʹãǿռֱӵı㹻
ͨˣֱӾܻɱ
ַʮ㡣

շѹռؾַ漴˻
Խռշѹ⣬Խ֪䷨Ѷ֮ߣǳϦ֮£ԼռӦ޴ͬҲˡ
ӻ춴ൽƿߣѡ
Ҫмͻƣϼѡ
һʱ
ڵսǿȺƿߣҡַ尵ͷ֪ԼҪߵ·ֱӳΪƿߣȳΪ׻춴࣬춴߲ΣٳΪƿߡ
δæ
ͳǧӡǧӯӯ˴ʱڿռշѹ֮У٫Ҳǣδˣַһ뿪ؾص²䡣
Ȼذֲ䣬ܷΪرǬʥַ
һˣɹ˿أȥ硣
˶飬аܻ֣ܶοһ˵ū͡
٤ٶ㣬һСˡַЦЦ̬Ƿɣ뿪²䣬ܿ췵عű֮ϡ
ĿɨܣȻƬ򣬵ʱϤܶࡣ
ԺУѽū٤ȫ䡣
ֲ䡭򡣡ַӰ漴Ǽ۶ȥ

߳߳߳
ƥһ֧Сʮһͷˣ˲㱻ɱִַڪzϻ굶ɫƽһ㣬Ȼûа
û٫ĿƸǳΪǿߣڱˡ
޵ˣѪͨġַ彫һſȡ£ѫ֮ڣĿԶһƾޣǰ治ǡ


1463 ϲ
ڸĵΣַ
ĳ֮أ˳ûиһСģ˲䡣ڱޣҲ޼ɵĽһ㶼ΪСġ
Ȼ˵ĲǱȽϿŵˡ
ȥǲȥ
ַ˫һ˵˲ͨһЩعʵģֱɱ͞eõսƷ
͹űĵ²䲻ͬһʱ䣬沿䡣
Ĳ䣬ƣСƷ档
ֻһС䣬˿϶Уһ㲻࣬彻սȣЩ˲ڲ֮Сַͷ
ĲģǱҪĶࡣ
һС䣬ǧ֮䣬ű²䲻ǧ˵ˣȻͬ
ѪҲӣһСѪ̫ǿ˺ĳˣĳ˵ı10%
Ѫкõ壬һһٸˣͻһˡ
Ѫһ壬ٸ˲Żһˣ˵ʵҲͨ
ײϼͨˡַ˫ͫâСĿûôߣ߿շһūͣ
һЦַ֪ūͲס
Ͼ½ףܸһ൱ūͣ˵ܡ
ԹܱȲԺá
ߣַ֮ȸǼ۶С
ʱյʮǰ뿪˳ִйѫʱˡ
ʵǿĵı

Ɩɭ֡
ȡ֣ƬɭֲܼĻƖ쵣ͷװ쵵ɫȸʮ
ɭֺܴ󣬻Ɩ쵵Ļײþ
ϲڻƖɭ֮У̫ΣҲôţϾҪһɭѰ˲䣬ǼΣյ¡
һٻɭ֣ɽ֮أΪûĵ
ǶԼ㹻
СģϲʮңȥһҲĵ٤ǰ·
ַŵͷ
˵٤ļ䣬ҪïɭѰҵϲ䣬̫ѡ
٤·Ͳͬˣһ·ֱԾС
ܿ죬ӽĿĵء
Եȣȥ̽٤˵
ַͷ
٤ȷԼūͣ˲֪̽ѰϢȻصȴȫ
ַĵĵȴš
ܿ죬Ժд٤ϢӦ
~~
ַ˫һԺȻһ棬һɭֲ䣬ǿϢڲ֮ϣɳˣԿֻŬ
䣬һƬ١
ڲһԣʮ״ֵͨ£ʮŮŮģͬЩߣЩۻţЩݳªųβ͡
e壡ַ΢΢һ
ܺñϣֹϢ಻ͬҲǴͬ컯֮·Ҳ޷ࡣ
Ğe壬ȫǻ춴ࡣ
м䣬һչŮѩ׵ļɣֻϸ˫ֵͫĺ֮ɫ
½࣬Ůϵࡣ
ĵλƺܸߡַĵ
eƺŮмӣʱΪҲǰĪŮϹž֮Ҳκ쳣η֮ɫ
Ԟe壬ַ˽Ⲣࡣ
ʵϣ嶼Ԟe֪ࡣ
಻ͬeںᴩ½Ğe֮УʶΪe塣eͨˮԣˮսֹӰ죬ܷӳʵ
ڿճһ
岻ԸeӺ͞eһսeҲûôӲӲԼŵ㣬һ뿪eʵɡ
ʶףe庱ٳ֡
ˡַ⡣
ĳ˺ͶٶԼҲںעΨˣһȻгġ
°ɡ
٤һͷˣԼһжֵ
ԺеĻէȻϣһɲ֣һεĻǲͬһ޴ʯݣסǿߣȻʯ൱ơ
ַ˳٤߽ţٿʯڳһɫӰϢǿȻ޴ǴϾ֮ɫ
Ѫ
ϲ䣬һѪˣַȻʧЦؿ΢΢˫ͫ˸
ԼѪһϸ¡
ֹΪʵԶͨҪǿΪһıѼֵ
100ѫ



1464 ֻǻ춴Ѱ
Ѫѣʵǿ
ţδؼϺ޶ɵţƿ߷ʵΣֱΪͨƿߣ׺ƿ߼ǿĶƿߡ
ͨƿ߷Ϊм߼Ρ
ͨƿߵʵδرȽ׻춴ǿֻΪǵĿռߣͻơ
ѪǿˣֻͨѪˣ׳Ϊƿߡ
ϲ˽Ϊͨƿߡ٤ӦַһС伸ֽܳ׺ƿߡ
ϲȫǳƿߡ
ҲַΪʲôһԭڣڵʵӽмƿߡ
ѪһҲǳƿߣųмƿߵĿܡͬʵΣѪȻǿ
ǳƿߣͬС
֪¡ַһЦӰһһݣ漴ʧȥ
ǰѫջ󣬻ǿ߽ս⣬֮ȸԾϲ䡪
ˣ

ǹƥַɫ
ž״̬ڴǿߵĽ뵱ո뱱ʱͨɽɱڡ
ȫߵ
ƿѹ֮
˵һһһ壬ʮַ嶼ġ
ǷʥڵʮڰɡַһЦٶǰ٤ָһӴ޲֮ϡ
ۿȥǧƵæµţǶˣвĳˡ
ˣ١
ϲ䡣ַͫ
Ĳ䱱ûһǧҲмʱʱΨгһǿߣòǿ
ڱޣֹ࣬ľͬҡ
ж޵ˣϴޣ޵ˣ˳˻ʣΪսȻҲвκϵޱڵˡ
ǵĸΪսഭϢĿռ䡣
͞e岻ͬҪĶ࣬ΪļŻһǿߵ𣬱硪
˻ʡ
࣬ǲԭϵҰһ㣬ӡ
գһˡ
߹˻߹·һ֮䡣
࣡
֪࣡
ôĵӣ
ۼϲ˲䷢ַټǶԿռĸӦǿοַûϢ
һΣǹĽ룡
߳
ɫ⻮ʣַսżȹӳͫս⡣
ȫѹ
䣡䣡䣡
ַĵɽ緢ݿ࣬һĳ˱㱻ɱֲȫѹסʵ
ৣ~~
ѪɫͫŰħ
ַ岢߻ħȫɱ¾״̬ÿһɱ¾ȫѪҺڣħ
ħ
ħɱ¾ѪҺɱ֤
ǿ
죬ȥ֪ͨ峤
ٽأأ죬ǳӭս
Էɵϣַʵ֮ǿ˲չ̶֣һǧ˱ɱ
εȿµս
ǿߣӡ
һֱϲ䶼̫δһǿߣǹƥƖɭֱ֣ǲ䣡
ȫǳıӵ
䣡
ϲһ֡
һֱĿռ𵴣طֻǳռⲢûй̬ǺƿߣҲֻ;ĳͷǿ
ռľ磬ռĹַ˵ûκô
~~~
ɫֱȡ󲿷ַ֣˵ĲǾţһë˫ַ֮ͫɫиӴĿռ˲糱ˮ緢浶ֱӺ
練һ㣬ȴԱƵķ
ôܣȻѣĶǺˣ˫ֳצҪֵʱڹ֣µĶħɡ
߳
ַһֱնɱ
ѪĿϲɲǼžǿߺȻϿӰЩȻ
ǿһնɱ
ʲôʵ
࣬ı˲쳹·춼Ҫ˲ǳ˳һǰһֱȡַ塣
һԶ
ַкڪzϻ굶ȽһѪɫսơڪzħڴʱѹ
ϻ꣡
ַ幥಻ϣһжֹδ·磬սǿΧһǿȫҽӽȻߵսɴ۾
ûһһһˡ
ַ壬
̫ˣôôϲȫɣһֱǶ൱㣬ûʵǿֵز
ֻǻ춴Ѱ


1465 ʶʱΪ
ϲ䣬ͨ¡
ʮŮŮʵʵǞeһˣʱҲǷǱߵ쳣Ϊ׳ߴţоˣ
һģªӵϲˣ
Ϊģǿչ飬֮ѩŮѩ׵ļɣֻϸ˫ͫԣͷ
ҲǸӦˡ
ֻǣôӦֻһǿߣҡһ춴ࡣ
һˣһɫͫβ͵
ǚGţҲˡ
ջϲһªҡҡͷ̾һӦϲ࣬ʱϲǿΧס֮ء
ѩŮˣץǵġ
һ˫续ͫ˸һ˿κˣڞeݸ߹󣬵Σץֻ·һ
û˵e˱ץסܻŻȥġ
ɱԲκĿԡ
ϣ
ǰأֻҪһлᣬǾҲᱣѣ
о仰޾֮·
ڞeǰο
ѩŮ¶һĨЦݣͷȻȴȻЩźã
ô

һߣַϲսȡ
죡ַһ˲նɱʮĳˣڪzϻ굶£٣˸ҿַ壬ĳȺսͬЧ
ʵ޴ʱٶҲá
Ҫǡ
ַ壬Կռĵ൱֮ǿɫδʱպܶ࣬һ㣬ĳ˵Ŀռַ˵һ
вģֻ
ˡַ˫ͫ
ֻɱһϲǿ߱ǳ֣Խɫᣬĸ߹ѪߣǱǿ֮߳Ϊۡ
¡
¡¡¡
ռ𵴣һشؿռ˿ַܱ֣ۡĵֱӽսĲһ㡣
ͬΪƿߣѪĲͬʵһ
ۣӽмƿߣ
ͬĿռ䷨ʩչ֮ͨƿǿֹĿռ䷨ǿĿռ⣬ս
ۣۣۣǿѰһ㣬Ъ˹񺰣֮ǿңõսһƬȡ
۰׶߰ޱȡ
ͨѪһδεɱ¾ǽףȻȻǳеĵλȫͬ
ʤͨѪм߼
ΪһΪ׺ƿߵģѪ
ħ֮­ֱַħΪڪzϻ굶һԶȫַۣ֪߰
ѪҪԸԼһ춴࣬ǻֵ
΢΢ֱַӻӵ
ʲôһֱûַٿһӦǰѳĵۻƥ֪Ǵðġ
ռŲƣ
ַĵȻ£ֱۺȻѪĿҧǵֵһѪɣ˻
ֻһˡ
ɵ࣡Ȼ͵Ϯɱŭͨռ䷨ַ֪ʲôԹ塣
ɣ
ַ岻ں
ƽĽսôõĻԲ˷ѣ˵ľأռʱԼץסֻ»ᱻʿѹ
ڣһ֮±㽫ȫ˻
ַ岻κδϢʱ䣬һһѩ㣬ңֱñ˵۸ŭѣ
ûһˡ
һʵѷַ壬ȴԷӡ
ɱһɱ࣡ȺУٿһȣۼƲϣʱһϣҪӲɱַ塣
ʱ˵ȴڻȻˣַ¶ɵ־֮ɫ
δ˿µ࣡
ȫûоղžһجΣѱشƴˣҧҧȴǲˣȻ۶ȥ
ǰһİ΢һ£ܿǼȴ֡
ۺȻۣشȫסֱӱȥ
٤һЦ
һ翴۵ģ֪۶ӣȻץš
ѪޣǺһ·ˡ٤ƲƲ죬ȴ˿Ϊ⣬ôܱס
Ͷ࣬ʲô
׻˵úãʶʱΪܡ



1466 ˣҰɣ
ھԵʵǰѻûá
ĳˣȫַÿһλӵܴ˵ַʵõϲ˿־ޱȡ
䣡䣡䣡
ϲϿգѪ꣬䱻ɡ
ʵ

̫ˣҿӣ

һƬǺ
ʱһɢԭΧм䣬ɱַǳҫһźɵİϢѪɫͫȴƽ
ħǿͬкܴĸãӰǣַ岢Ӱ졣
Բȥ׷ǵ֡
ĿԶ٤һ׳ַۡ΢΢Ĵָʾ٤ĺá
100ѫ֡

ͨ£һڞeȻ
ô£
ʲô
ϲˣˣţ
ܰɣŶ֪ˣǶȥ׷ǸǿߣβӻȻ
ǡѩһľɫŮ̧ͷһ˫ĵɫͫžâԶǿϲУû뿪
̫ˡªš
ڞeĿªӳû´Ӧǿߣϲһˣ
һƬȻ
һˣ˵ϲ䣿
ܰɡ
ǰ˵ֻǻ춴ôϲƿ߾кöһѪۣ˵Ӯ뱣ѡ
Ҳš
ڞeһš
ѩ覵Ůһ˫ӨͫԶ಻ŶãϲߵߣѾտҲˣǵ
Ȼǵδ֪УܱҪõĶࡣ
ϣܷǰɡŮҧӣеһȽһ˿ϣ
ҲЩ岻Ϊݡ
Ҫ˸֪ݵĻܷŹ

ߣսǽ
Ѫյַ壬ħŨŨѪζǴ̱ǣϲ䰧ҰҲ̶ãַԲ飬ȻľԼˡ
ˣôã٤ɫҰ׵ۣ˵ҪҲū˰ɣҲи飬һﱰӵĺܣ̰϶ûġ
ַȻʧЦҡͷѣһ࣬һ٣ɱˣֱȡĿԶһ100ѫ
һѪ100ѫԼҪ
100ѫԼܽؾȻɱ¾ͨˣҪķѴ
ͨѪ˸ûֵ
1ģĳ10ģˣҲ1000ġ
Ҫ100ģɱ٣
ԶڣֻһѾ﹦ѫҪ
Ҫɱңԭȥ۾Ȼ󺰣Ͷˣ㣬ˣҰɣ
ַ٤һۣҲ
٤Ѿˣû뵽һɽһɽߣѪò־ǿȻǸࡣ
һɡַ
վԼΪȡ
⣡ʱˡ
Ҫһɣʲôɣ
־ɵַ壬֪һ֮䡣
ˣңʲôϸɣɱ˷Ż𣬼°ӣܣͷԸ£ϣΪֹ
ַЦԷǡ
۱٤⣬ֹ̰ӵĺܣղᵽЩǰûٸɡ
յūͣȻЧң˵Щַָָ٤Ҳ
٤Բ̧ͷɡ
ôǸͿأְء
ɱ˷Ż𣬼°Ӷѣʲô
۾Ͳû޳ˣһϣϲıˣҴȥңЩ֪ط
ԼҡַаħϢ֣˫ͫɱ
ԷǺۿЦ
ϲ󣬵Ҫұжѣ
УСۼתӹģͨ죬ٿ۾˴ˣǸ׽˼ʮe壬ͷľ˵Ǹͷ󣬳ˮģƯ
ԭǴ㽫׸ƴˣڴԾá

۲Һѣȴֱӱ٤ס˲ӣ߶ݺݵʲôҪʲôҪ̣˾Լɡ
ַ
ٸʮ롣ַڪzϻ굶ɶ֣ɱ١
ۿɥͷ󺹣취ۼַеսƽ˲һ飬뵽ˣ뵽ˣˣ



1467 ɵ
ַ嵭Ȼۡ
ǶһĨЦݣ˵Ҫ׬ѫôܰ׬100Ŷ200ѫ
ޣ
ַô׬
һ·Ӷˣʱ۷⣬ϲҲѪкü֮ǰѪףʶƴټͣϲ졣
ǵʵҲֻ࣬ҪʩСƣƭԴܽһܣ
ַ˫һ
ȻݡʧΪһð취
һۣ100ѫ200ѫôҲ
ΨһĹ˼ɣֻǻ⡮ϲ䡯ʵҲν˾Ʋ
֮󣬴䶼ȱȽǣɵһͲ䣿
ԼʵǿˣֹСͲ䣬ͲҲն˲
ˣһɡ٤һ൱ı޳ܣһ֮٤Ϊ޳Ҳһ൱ǿ
ǵǵģҰɣ۶ڷ⡣
һлĻᣬ۶ʱ
ַۣ˵жٰգ
ųɣĵںʮ죬һ룬ϵҲ˵ܳһ
ãôַͷ
ֻҪһԼͲ

~~~
һĹâ٤ַ֮µڶū͡
٤ѪǿһЩ٤޳ܣʲôС࣬Բ٤Сûôۡ
ūͣõõ
ݼˣЦ񣬲ǱһʲôҪͶ˭ûʲô̫뷨͹ǡ
ҲŵȣСۣѪϲδ
˵ֻҪܻС
ˣȥeǹɣ˴ϲ䣬úףһۼüŪۣĵ
ַͷһȥ
֮ǰ٤УԼǾɫŮ뾹ǡǰݡֻڞeʲôλȻ
ۺ٤֪ͬ
һ֪
ַϲмͨǼʸţչѩŮ۵ļ·ܵγˮһ˫鶯Ĵ۾·˵
ǹ
ŮڞeҲʮֳԾۼǿߵĵȴˣ֪׷ʲô
ôץģַۡ
ۺٺһЦԼϰֵ˭
ѩŮԽߵ޳ܵˣǼٰҞeˣϹǻǴ½֧ߣ֮£
ָָԴΪжԽòãС㲻Ҫôˡ
ѩŮһ㲻˵
ַвҲס
ۻԽһѣѩŮһ֪é®ȻĶ֣ץ
ˣҪҪ⡮ζüһЦСľ飬һ֪ԭװ
ѩŮ৵һ£ͨ죬ᶼ㲻ֱӰɱˣ
޳ܵˣҶǹԽţҲŹ㣡
ӵˣ֪ǹʲôݣ˵죡蹫˶ᵴƽϲ䣬Ǿ壡
࣬ͬǱΪ飬ɶ񰡣
ϣѩŮĻ
ȴ㲻Ϊ⣬Цַ壺ôˣǽŵģ⹫Сݶ򵥰
һѩŮʱһĲҰס
ǲֻǸղűһʱԴˣʱͷһ룬Ɒ˵
ַһۣƦһȷǺܴ
ץѪ100ѫԼӦҲֵƱۡʵ׵ãԺƷѰ
ƷУõõδزá
̤
ַѩŮĿɨǾɫͣϸĴԼǵһe壬κǿ༸ûʲô
ϵ壬ٲȻЩͬ
ɱҰɣѩŮַ壬ҧӣ
ԭûʲôϣ衭ɴѰһ
ʱѾ֪Ϊʲôܻţʵǿϲˣһ
ǱΪ飡
ʲôˣͺʲôദ
ѩŮ۾ǿҧӣ뱻˿ᡣ
ǹ
ۣ
̧߰ͷѩŮϡ
ڞeۼˣҲǰױ۾
һƽȻٿȻ𡪡
ǰɡ



1468 ֵܶǮģ
ַ£ֹڞeѩŮһ٤Ҳ㶣ΪԼˣˣǣ
죬ЩȻ
ˣ
ڞeַ壬ɴ۾ѩŮˮ˫ַͫ壬ţһ࣬ø֮߰Ϊˣε𺧡
ңһѪ
ǣѵɱǣַЦ
ǺãeҲǵзѰ׻˵ĺãԵʴȾǶԼ̣㡭ŮɫeĹˣҲһǮ
ѩŮϷϼŭѵ
ù˵
ַȻʧЦ
ʲôԼŮɫƷбɣȴǰԼһ·ˣЦӰƣȡ֮еһƲǾӣҲ֮Σ
ۻȰȻӴַǰѻУȥ⿪ռ
ܿ죬eһ˱ػɡ
ѩŮҧӣһ˿ѪɫݺݵĶۣȫȻΪ⣬˫ֻأ߰ͷ­һбҧҰı顣
ʵԲeһˡ
˵ԣһˣɽeһץס
뿪˞eӣeʵ
մǵзѣץֻԼ̫ϵַѩŮ˵˿ںΧڞe·Ҫ˵Ŀ⡣
һ˳ͦĸֱˣһ⡣
ַ忴ҲǺЦһǵһǣһβһôˡû㹻ʵ֮ǰȴڞeɡ
˵ţַ΢ЦѩŮ˵ͷڡ
԰գתȥۺ٤˸ϣֻˣ֮ǿԶԶʤeʮˡ
ѩŮһһףպʩƽץԾַȴʮָм
˵ɽüǮ
ιѩŮҧݣٿغ
ַһתͷ¶֮ɫ
㡭ôҷˣôѩŮҧȵ
ʲôַҲЦ
ѩŮ֬΢΢һ˵ֵܶǮģ
ַȻʧЦѲϣҰô
ǡѩŮҡͷֻǲףΪʲôҪôҴδ棬ԡ
ַЦЦӻ֣ȥɡ
ټ㴿ŮȻŵġֵٶǮַҲںһǿߣԸǷǣԼԭ
Щ
Щ£ôҲ
ҽأѩŮ󺰵
ַ塣
лַȴԶ
ѩŮ֣ԶȥıӰ˫ͫ鶯ȵĹۺС죺ƭˣ˭˵ƻ̰ģ˽ġ
ַ壬Ҽס
һ죬һᱨģߣŲҪǷ㡣

˞eˣַϲȥϲԪ۵ıͼҵ
ϲֻС䣬ʷܶݣֻвĸԪ
ССҲһ䣬Ĳ䣬ڱޣȻռݾƣ
˳֮⣬мĿŵĽߣ
ǴĵģǴɱõġ۽ַرУһһţЩɶ࣬ǵĵңߡ
ٿط·뵽ʲôס죬͵͵ƳַһۣûɫŷǶЦˣǲĲ࣬ϲ佻ˣֻмʮġ
ʮģࣿ
ַЦЦ
ҲǣվԼǶ࣬Ϊһ˵˲䣬ʮȷʵһ㣬˵ϲǸһͲ䣬
ϲ䣬൱ĸԣ
ͬʱҲǿ
ģַԲӶ࣬ʮʱԣ֮࣬ǰʯѵֲһ룬ϻвٻ춴Щ
ףҪˡ
ǱңǴϵģ㿴Ƿã۽ܵ
ַš
뱦ңıԼȷʵ࣬ۿȥټıҲߡʮѣƽ1000ĳۣⶥҲ10ġ
ʤޡ
߱ַ漴߲عʵ˵ûǱȽϴģճΪ춴ܸ࣬涼кܴռ䡣
ҪԼعʵѡ
˳Ҳܹ󣬱Ͼǿ߶ġ

ǰϲ䱦ˣˡգգ۾ٺЦһıϲ֮



1469 ֮
֮
ַ΢΢һ£ҲǺܺ棬ϲν֮ʲôͷһģȻǱ
żֵģַʵ
޼ۡۺԥ
ַĲһ¡
˵ȻʵϾԼūͣԼ˵޼ۣ䲻һ޼ֻۣ޷üǮ֤֮
Խ춴ĲΣַһ֮
ۺٺһЦô˵ˡ
һȴţ漴룬ǰͷųǿҵĿռԽӽϢ쳣Ҿһεסǿһ
ռ䷨
ֱַУһʮ͵ıɫâһεʮּܣĽǶ˽Ϊÿһж࣬
һڰ֮С
ռʮ㡣ǳ͵ɫʮ֣Ŀ¶֮ɫǼ٣Ψ峤ʸʹãͲ֮Ҳ˶١
ռ
ͬΪռȷʤ춴һ
ӵпռ䷨ڷо֮ϡ
ַĿȻ
ռΣԲö˵ؼǡ
Լܷںϣ
ǿҵĿռųԼԼ롣
ͦиԵġַЦЦ
ƿؿռ˵̫谭ƿռʱռһɣַ岽ǰУռʮֹ㡯
ԣҵĿܣЧ΢
~~
׵ĺɫѸʮֹĿռâһһƵʼ죬ֱַ֣ʮֹľų⣬ץС
߳
ʮֹ𶯣ַҲǻơ
Ѫʮϣַ˫貣ʱʶֱ֮ڣǿѵõĳ
ʱ䣬
ַ˵ʱȴ˷ܶڴԼ㹻ǿ󣬾Դʯɳϣǿ
ѡ
ʮ죬ϡַʮ㡣

Ɩɭ֡
ৣž
Ƭɭִң׺ݵҰ羪֮񣬷׷룬ΪڻƖɭбǿǧ򱶵ǿߴӿ
ŮŮ٣ϲˡ
֮Уûһ֮ǰǳսбַȫɱÿͷ˼ֵ1000ѫ˫ģַԲŹ
ڶ˺ĳͷ죬ֵߡ
ɶ࣡
ȥϲȱɱ࣡
ǡƴ˻ô
ϲɫѿ
ȫɱȺ˵൱ģͲ䣬Ҫһ˶ס
ôһ޷
ԣƴ˻Ҳ˵һ
ɱ࣬һҪ
ܿ죬ܳˣĳˡٸꡯͬǰϲڡϲȻſ־壬뵽Ǹʵ֮ǿ֮Ȼ

Сӡ
һӾˣʱһȺĳ˲š
˵࣬Сһһٵĺ֣·磬ڶӳĴͬ¾ĳˡ
ֵ˶飬ôĳˣһͷ˶ûСֹ֮
ǰЩ졣ʨʥͷһѸٵսɱ¾һ߹۲˶飬ǰ࣬ģƣ˲ʱ׼֡
Ӧͬһˣִ񡣡ʨʥ
һӳٿؿڣûЩ̬ģܹôǼħһ㣬ǼҴҵĲ֪ȥ
ģ죿
עǰˣӳ˵ûע⣬һ˵ˣ
žӳץסһͷĳ˵ľסĿ罣һȵĸ䣬Ҫȥʲô
ĳͷŭһۣػ
ɱ
öѴ࣬ĳͷĲӣȻֱץһͷĳˣûʲô仯Щ㲻Э

ץһɱһֱץϻشģͣ¡
˶ǼҲҲһЩһ̶̰֪֪ϢΪ֮Ȼѡ
һ춴࣬ϲ䣡š
ʵǰɲš
ѪվѵߡϲʼѾʮ죬ǿ߿ѾˣԵһ
ټһδѼȫ
©ϲץţҵؼı
໹δ뿪ܽʶһǿߣҲǲС

ץ̰ˣǴˣǰϲ©֧ʿ߰аʨʥ֮ӡ



1470 ʮֹ
ռʮֹ㡣
ԿռеĹռ䱦ѹֵۼΪƳ磬ڼͲ֮
Ҫ֪ռ䷨еĹ⣬붼м⡣
ĺƿߣδչĿռ⡣
ƾ˱ȴʩչ
ȻϾռ⣬Ҳ㹻ǿˡַһϿռʮֹ㡯ѡ
ǿҪȺƿ߲ãԼھܷ
ѪɫдŴռҺɫиսײãռǿ
ƿأǷȱһ㡣ַ֪ԼĲ㣬ϿռƿߣɷԼС
Ҫϰʹá
ˣʮֹ㹻Լ⡣
ҵսмƿߡַ΢΢һЦ
Ͽռʮֹ㣬绢

ʱϲ⣬֮͡
ĳ˴ͬͳС̤Ƭɭ֮أмƿߡСӵĶӳ
ĻǱȽϴģִйѫĶ鶼ǳƿߴӣʵǿһΣˣͬмƿߣҪǿࡣ
ϲ˵һƿߴ룬
һмƿ߽룬ַԺɨƽ䡣
~~
ϢɢȥδϢɫȻ漴˵ҷɢѰңʲô©ĵط˭ҵ˭Σվȣô
ǣӳӦ漴ж
ʨʥ֮ӹϵѣʱҲǷ˿ٺõĹϵҲֻǱ񣬴Ҷ֪˴˲һϡ
˺ܿ쿪ʼѰҡ
ңɨ䣬ɫأСͲ䣬ҲǸٮٮߣϲϢ١
һ춴࣬ܽݻ٣
ҡҡͷš
ܶţһԱĺǿ춴ʱҲֲ¡
ץǸͷԲѡ
¾ϲ䣬ǳƿϲʵ
ϣܼһ档ȤĴţ֪©ҲܴߣԴһʼ㽫עطص֮£ɭֹȵ׵ȵȡ
徭ռ֮
Ϊмƿߣֹʵǿ൱ḻ
ǱߣƺЩ졣Ŀǰַ˹ȥ

²ر⣬ȻǷյġ
ϲĽأ۵֪⣬λö֪ģʶСӽĳʲô֪
ر磬ȫطռ
ַԸоߣͬҲߣһַſռʮֹ㣬ۺ٤ػ
ڞeˣѾ뿪
ٿأеַĪӦ৵۾
пռʮֹһ⣬ӡһʮֺۼַпƴڣһƬޣʮ
һأʮ֡
ʮֹһ൱˵ǱȽ׵ģǱﱾӵеĻֻҪϣǷ϶գ춴һġ
ڵڶأصһظһѡ
ռ䡭Щ
ȻŲر⣬ַϡܸоԿռĸӦǱȲۣ쐻޵Ͻ׵ĺɫѪʹڵۺ٤й֮޲
ʮֹ㣬ַ˫رȥɫȻ
٤΢΢δʣַ

СǿߣǷɢѰҡ
ʨʥϳɾǺ춴һĴѰһֱû뿪֪۾飬û˱ȵмƿ
ϲб©Ļôҵʮ֮˾ž
һƬôʨʥаݣһֱͬһƬѰҲǻǱŲƿֱĿȷʨʥϸѰ
ӳ˵ƾʵƾ
һһѰٿؽʨʥоԼȵЩʲôĿʱһһϸɼİݣƬûⰼ֮֮ǰģ
֮ʨʥĴѰһأ
ϲõĲرԲôױ֣ʨʥ൱ۼҲиȷʱ˫ֳȭֱر

һȭ£ʨʥֱص׶ȥǱһ˫һʨʥȻǱص֮£ٶȼ졣



1471 ûʸ
Ȼŵ
ֱصףʨʥײ£ҵͨرĵ·ϲ֮±Ǻ죬ļ٣±ȡ
~
һӰԽʨʥмƿ
˫һͷԱ־ĴܣǰʨʥӰȴҲǰǸǻδ֪˴ͷȻǺá
Žʨʥܿ죬ҶԵط
ϱ⣡
ĸӲӵĴֺϷһռƺڱ֮⣬ϢֻʨʥԱֱƱ⣬¡졣
ƣ
źȻѡ
ڽʨʥһϲ˷ֱʱٿͫ͵ķŴǰȻһѺɫսűŵѺᵶǰ

ֻǵǾ˵ײõĽʨʥǰ߹ֱӷ飬һƬʯ£ӳһɫӰʶ
ַ֣壡ʨʥȻޱȣôҲûر󹥻ˡ
һֱѰַ壡
Ϊǿ
ַڱ֮ãû뵽ȵľǽʨʥȴԩ·խʨʥйùģһζ߽ݾˣС˴
ַֻ֣һҪ
ͬòȥʨʥһֱ֮ӱش˵ǣѾһɿµ塣
ڪzϻ굶
ַ壬ǿƻ춴༰ƿߵĲ֮
ޣַʨʥҲкЦ
֪ʨʥһֱԼȴôҲûַʽҵԼδ׷ɱʨʥַƳһۣ㽫ĿԶ
һµĴڡ
Ǹϲ¾һյĻ춴ˡӰ˫ֵȻ
Σַ
ֱԼǰ಻ǡ
˫һݣƳַ٤ۣ֮¿ūİɫᣬʱŴ󣺡Ѫ
ƺоĿ̰۲ԾŲ½Ų
ԭƽʱʧ仮𣺡벻ǣ޹ʴСӵˣǱΪ飬νͣ
ҽͲͣôַһЦ
ҪǻǾ̫ˡ
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ңֻǻ춴ࡣ
ڱޣʵһеĸûʵֻ⡣ΪǮƱܶǿ߻᲻ϧ˺ϵߣϵĵ¼
ǰĺƿߣˡ
һ˳ǣǷйϡ
ַ嵭ȻһЦ
Ƿ¡
ҵǷǣҪ˳ϣûʸ񡣡
Ȼ䡣

ַкڪzϻ굶Ѫ͹һ˿˿ַսⶸȻǰ֣һ֪ǵ֮
ִв̤ĿȻˣݹҲˡ
һߵĽʨʥԣҰ׵϶һּ
ӳҪ֣
мƿߵʵҪɱַ׾٣ҧʨʥɫħַӰ޲ýǧС
־Ҫҵַɱȡ䱦
û뵽͵Ϯˡ
ҿôʨʥпЦ˼£ɫѿ
ô
𰸣˽ʨʥݺһ⡣
Ȼڵص֮¾սˣʨʥĿɿڴӳʵַ֪ʵȴȫ֮⡣
ô
ôô
ʨʥȻţ˾类شһַֻ嵶磬ư磬ֱѹӳס
ǸճΪ춴಻ôʨʥȻؿڼ
ַ֪ʵΪ½ʱַֻǰǿߣ¾ףҲֻǸսס
ܣܵġʨʥȻ૵

ͬԾģ
мƿߵʵ֮ʨʥǿһַʵϾ¾ϲģǻ춴࣬ս
û뵽ʵǿ˹
мƿߣֹδռðˣս⻹ѹƣ
ҲмƿߵսҧбҲǱԣ˵ЩδֵϸֱӾͽ֣Ѿ˲ôࡣ
棬һ
һҪӮ
УĽиǳǿҿռֱַ壬ʯ󺣣ռȻ࣬Ȼ䣬ǰһɫʮֺȻ֡
һأʮ֣



1472 ôɱˣ
ռ๥
ݴ󺧣ŵĻɢ֪ռ๥ж£һƿߣ׾ٵĻɱмƿߣ
ѹĿռʯ󺣣
ѹǰ춴࣬ɱϲ䣡

𹥻ϽȻɫʮּȴ͸һ㣬崩͸κɱ֮
ֱ񣬵Ȼ䡪
䣡
ǰһѪɫսɽ緢ޱߣʩչֱƣ̧ƥȴʱɢ
ɶ񣡡ŭɶ뵽ַĿռһУѸٵķٿͫ͵ķŴֻƬռŤһɫʮǰȻŴ
ÿһУһսиļ
ʵ֮ʵ֮
ʮֵİرڴˣǷ񹥻ȡַĿƣռʱʮֱո¶ɣһǳ˴
ʮ޷ȡˡ
䣡䣡䣡
Ի춴սмƿߣַ岻ֹδѹƣԽսԽ£ŭԿŭǱ˵Ľʨʥѿ
ʶַô
̫ˡʨʥˣԼȻʵɱַһֻϰףʵȴݺݵĴһ⡣
ˡ
ַ壬ʮٱ
ŭһҺײұϣɫİħʴ壬شʤѷ֡
ַüͷ΢΢
ĿƳԶһ춴ǿ۶룬սĶ̫Ϣңǡ
ǰ׺ַӰһ
ڪzϻ굶ɲȻ¡
䣡
ʨʥɴ۾ĿַնɱëֱֱƤǿмƿߣǿߣ
ôɱˣ
ַ˾٣ս
ãʨʥɫҰޱȣַôֻһĿġ
նݳ
ɱôŹ
뵽⣬ʨʥң˵ѾˣҲַĶ֣Ƭխĵ¿ռ䣬ûܵĿܡ
ռ˲ƣ
Ƭռ䣬ѱַ
ˡʨʥڲ֪ͲַɷǣЩˣʲô£½Ѿȥˡ
ڵã͵ʴףǳϵ⡣

һ۶ģСڻ춴ࡣ
ۼϢҲд֮ͣжӳڣη壬֪һصףǺȻļ
ǵĶӳмƿǱնɱ
һ꣬һնɱ
춴࣡
Ŀ࣬ţʲôĻ춴ʵȻ䣬ַǶ֣նɱһ˲䣬֪֮ս޷ճ
ϷŹƻ˵ġ
ŹԼ
Źһµĵˣậ罫ɱһ˰ˡ֮֮㣬ֻҪԼȫɱˣû֪Ǳ˭ɱ
Ѫɫпռͷţռ䱦ʮֱֹסռ䡣
ַ壬ɱ䣡
ȣСЩ߸һٻǺַһʵΣתۼȫɱ
ֻʣһˣʨʥ
ǻ֮ɫҧأʨʥַ壬дž¡
~ַ˫ͫԼֱʩչûжķϻҲҪȥһȡʨʥԼ
ڱϣʨʥԼĺҪԶԼĺ⡣
ʨʥҲסˡ
ԭΪɣ뵽ַ徹ū
ǩԼٲԼٲǽʨʥַһūַͣıǩĳϡ¡
Ϊϣʧȥ
ȥ
ʨʥȭͷѪҲģټԪŬľʧȥľȥ
ţ
ûϣûңʶս
룬ţ
ţпܡ
~~ĹâԽʨʥַ嵭ŽʨʥƽĮȴǶһ㣬һ֮㡣
ˡʨʥϥڵأɫϡ
ַţһ漴㽫ڪzϻ굶ĸȥʨʥǲ֮û谭ܿ㸴ԭֻ
½ʨʥͬʱַͬʱȡм䡣
ˣСӡ
֮ӣַüͷ΢壬ԼնɱСһУδ֮ӵӰϢӦɢȥϲͬоĴڡ
ýƻļһַ尵⡣



1473 Ҳ
ƖɭУһɫŵӰǼ۶ӡ
εϴžţ֮һɫԲ飬ǼĶ춴ƾϢ̽Ӧܡ
δСһصףΪΣա
ͨ춴ȴӳɱɱĸַ壬ֱŵ֮ܣַ֪ҪʲôҪڲӣ֮ͱˡ
ôô֮ŵĻֱɼַɱӳĿ£ȫ޷Ŀֲ
СӦһڣʨʥ
֮֮ݡ
Ҳ١
ؿڼ֮ͫ䣬жƣʵԸǾͿԴɱӳ嶨Ź
壬ߣҿܻã
뵽⣬֮Ӳ¶һĨЦݡ
ʱɱ˲һҪԼ֡

صףϱ⡣
֮ˡַ
ΪƻƶˣҪСġʨʥ
ַ֪ͷ
һʼԼ֪֮Ӿࡣ
С˶֮͵ΨûϵļƣԼû´ĻͨǿãԲŻ֮زز
磬ȥܡʨʥüͷһڱɱΪС
ɱͨҲͰˡ
ַɱģмƿߣʵ
ڱޣûõģŲ˭˭ɱˣôĵˣô򵥡
ȥɡַ岢ں
ĿǰѱжľԸԼοڱǿ壬党ͱǿ
ޣОe壬ǿ壡
Լ嶼£壿
ңҲ¡ַ΢΢һЦ

۹ַ뿪ϲ䡣
˵ز˾ҸѹεѾѹΣϲ޼ֵԣŽʨʥ٤ַۣ漴ֲȥ
һζֲ֪꣬ˡ
˳ǻزȥѫҲȻַֹҲںؾԼҲӵշѹռؾ
ߣΪƿ߻ţؾν
ҪȳΪ׻춴ࡣ
ս׻춴ɿͨƿߡ
ͿͨƿеĵڶסмƿߡΪ׻춴࣬ս޵ͨƿߣ
׺ƿߡ
ҺûɱַۡһЦ
ɱնĺ͹ѫȴ޷ɹѫǾͿˡ
һˣս뺷
٤ۣǳƿս۸ǽӽмƿߣʨʥտͨ춴࣬Ϊ׻춴һס
춴ࡣ
սͬƿߡ
мƿսַ壬һ·޵֡ϰٵ飬֮
ַδȥϲ鷳
ͲǿǲˣҲûҪȥǡ
ǰ棬ǰֲˡַ˫ֲ˵壬٫½һ֮
ҲΪаֲ䣬ʹ˴Ϣʱ䡣
ֱڣ½վȽŸ
ֲܰǷԼַ嶼ֲһЩر֮ӿȪ֮
ţ
ַδǡ˵Ĵڡ
ڰֱֲµٲ⣬ĳǻػѲߣַüͷ΢΢ֱԼⲢѰ
ַۡ廽
кηԸ۵
ȥǰ߲̽һ£ô£ַ΢΢һ٣Ҫݾߡ
û⡣ؿڣ漴ɶȥ
ɫᣬݣ㲻һ䣬˶ѪǱȽģѪȺżߵĵλ
ӦУһٲЩĳΨΨŵŵޱȡ
۱ͺܽƻϢ°빦
ܿ죬۱ǻ
Ǹϲ䣬ϲѷɫ۵֮ǰһĳ˷Ĺ죬Իزȥˡ
ϲǿߺܿϸѲƬ򡣡
ַüͷһء
ֲصĺôͻȻ䱻֣
жЩΪ֪ģ²׷Դ֮ʱ԰ֲʵסͲĳԼҲ
ϲɳʲôʵˣַʵ
ۿЦô֪ϴһ˵мƿߵǿߴӣϾͲǿҲ࣬࿪սǿ߾ڲеǿӦָ
ַͷ
ôȽֲ䡣ַ



1474 ˣ
ֲ䲢ѡ
ֲַȷλúͽ뷽ֻ轫ߵȺĳ˽УַԼ֣٤۱Ǹɾɡ
~~
ַֿٲڷֱµٲ֮һƬıĤڣʮ֮Ρ
ᴥƣַʵҪȥ׾٣ûҪֲӦԼػС
Ρ
ַȴãȴδʧ΢΢һ㶡
ѵѾˣַ͵һ⣬Ҳ˲ã˫һӿĿռ˲㽫ǿгƣƴ޴󷴳֮ȴ˰֡
žϣ
ѣַ˽ɽ·ܿҵλõơ編ƣֱַӺ俪
~~
ɽԾһƬ֮أϤİֲ価ǰɲȻַ֮һݣǿϢɱ
߳߳߳
ǹ֮İֲǿ߷ַƿƵɲǣַ˫ͫƣҲҡ
ռʱӿ

ռԴѪĿռʮǿַпռʮֹȻʩչһɫʮɲǼɢһѰС
ɹأ
һʮֱӵǿ꽻ϣֲսʿŭȴǳԱĵһ赲ͨҿռ乥ַģǱϵս
أ
ַˣɫȻ
Ⲩвδˣֻ˵ʱ٤ǱԽַĻʨʥδַԡ
ַվüͷ΢΢š
ʲô£
Ϊʲôֲսʿ𹥻
Ϊƻ˽ƣַĿһֲսʿҧгݣѪ˫ͫ٤ۣǼ֮һ
òᡭ
ַٿһȣƽһס
٤΢㣬֪ʲôӲǵסһضˣֲսʿٹʱַеĺڪzϻ굶Ѿ¶â
䣡䣡䣡
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֣ͣһᡣַӣֵ̧
˭ᣡ
һ̷ֲսʿҧгݣ˫ͫѪԣ޳ܵ࣬˶ԸͬҪռǰֲ䣬Σ
ǰβ壬Ҳǣ˵߹
˵û
ģѪ
˹ȥ
ֲսʿʿ߰ͬ顣
һ˫˫ͫηַˣʵãȴδ˺벽ԼԿֲ棬¶žſֺ
ͰĿڣַٿؿڡ
ڰսʿΪ֮һ㶣ղŴͷǸ̷սʿɵַһۣôʶģ
ַһЦΪסһӡ
һ㵡
޳ܣ̷սʿŭɶҰֲݣȴҧһڣй©ҰֲλˣǴ룡
ҰҲҪ汳
˵ţ̷սʿսҪֲ֣սʿͣš
ַˣҲһˡʵѷˣҵū͡
٤۸ףˣ
ڰֲսʿɴ۾š
һѪһΪʲôЦֻ࣬һ춴࣡
壬εȵĸ߰
ڰֲսʿʱ˽˵̬ƺԣʵ֮ǿȫûҪѡ
ΪƻƣȻЩɵ
ƽƣôַЦһ
ҲԼ٤ݣѹֵðֲ䲻򿪽ơ˻ԥģֵַĺô
ַһۣĻδ
ֹʱԶһǳɫƤŮӰ֣ڰգһ˫󣺡ַ壡
塣ַЦŴк
ǮŮӣǵԼǬʥİ壬ͰǺѡ
㡭ַˣɵļ
ַһԦ漴٤ۡ
ֲսʿһƬ֮ͷİţ˽Сĵŷ⹰ֵ˼̨ղŶе
û£ʶַЦЦ
ʱҲǻعַôˣ
ַٿһݣɫǿ֪ϲ䣬Ѿǵˣ



1475 ߲
ϲ䣿
ַĻڰֲսʿɫһƬҰס
ϲ䣡Ĵһȫɴ󣬰ֲ䶨ﲻһ֪꣬Χ
eڣ˸С䶼ֲ䶼˽⡣
ϲΪǿƬǿ˲䣬ʮмƿ߱ĸǿһѾӽ߼ƿߡ
ĸмƿֻҪκһײƽֲ䡣
ɣ
ôϲ䣬군ˣ
ļٵģ
ַĻһƬɧ
кµģп־ģҲнŽɵģַ忪ڵϲĳ˰أӦ֪ūͣҪ׵Ϣѡ
˵ͷ
ַ壬žη֮ɫ
Ŀǰ˳ǿѫǿǿ߷𣬾Ͳ䣬ڲеǿָδǾߡ
ַһ٣ģǻģٽ˾ͻˡ
۷׷ס
ȻǨһȺǣܶ࣬ͬкܴգʹòԪˣܱȱǿ˴ֱӲƽǿ
ĳ̶ֳ˵ʱֿν¡
ȥˣַ壬԰ĵԸû⣬ʱʵЩ֡
ֹ̾һһѾ
ַƳ壬һڰսʿɫǹŹַ֣޲ɶԣҴֲ䣬Բ⣬Լˣֱԡ
ðΣǰȥȱˡ
𣿡ַ岻⡣
ǰżһڞe壬ѪսУİÞe壬嶷һ֮˲ˣһڞe˳Ⱥ
ַͷ
Ľȣ
͞eͬˣ˴˼Щǣܼ֮°eһҲ޿ɺǡ
ǿΪƻռӦǳɫһ·β䲻ֲ֪׼ȷλãȴһƬΧ̾Ϣ
ַ˲ʱס
ѹֻڸǻȴҲλãԭм仹ôһ
һȴȺ԰ĵĸԣӦúѹֲ֪ôֲ´ֻ컯Ūˡ
ֲˣҲδġ
һַ
ַ壬ѹֲδѡҳİβսʿ⡯ʹ䲻ס
ַš
ЩֲսʿУΨһǺƿߡ
Ϊʵǿߣаֲ˶հ
ˣҲԡַĿɨ⣺ϲսǿֲǶ֣ҵڰĿǰΨһȷѡ񡣡
ǲһսʿŲӺȵ
ǣ˺ͷͬھˣ
ɱЩˣػǵļ԰
ڰֲ䣬İֲ䣬Բкĸ顣
һʱҪѷ¡
ǲֻԼǡַָָ󷽣ֲһƬս΢սʿִϲԿףЩҲ·ˡ
棬һƬĬ
߰ɣٲ߾ҪˡַɫΪء
ڲսʿһۣԥţ棬¶ģ˵ûǲֻԼԡ
˵䣬ٿԶһսʿ۶¶ֻ֮ɫ󺰵ˣˣ˺ö࣬öˣ
~~
գʱ̡
ϢɫһƬҰס
ַüͷ΢΢һ壬ȴϲ֮죬ɫΪأǰֲսʿ̸ţ漴һݵȥ
ڲսʿҲǸȥ
ˡԶ̾һʵһұ㽨˧һĴңԸ䣬䱾һɢɳȱ
ֻϣֻͷӣǰ̽Ȼ
¶һ˿¡
ǾǾ°ֲʹ壬ڱÿһ궼ڷţҲֹһΡ
Ⱥ˲䣬һֱݡ
߲ˡַٿص
ߣӦɢƬռŵ̬ͺƱƵģֻоͨռ䷨
ǣס˿ռ䡣
˵ռ˲ƣռ⣬ҪʩչҲס
Զֲսʿŭž֪ζʲôϲǽΧס׽
ţַٿһ
ʱӦɢȥȴоһϤϢ




1476 ҽȥɣ
ַûϲһڞe塣
Ϊ׵ģǞeһΪĹһ˽⣬eһֱǸա
˵٤۵ԞeҲ˽١
һأȴֲݺӵ塣
ৣ~ֲַԵλãЪϢŵһʱɴ۾׳ţģҲһ¶βΪ׵ǿչŮ
ѩ׵ļɣֻϸ
ַĳ֣eķӦһģһ΢΢źӣС죬ַ壿ô
ַݸһЦ仰ɡ
ҡ۵Щ΢죬ݣ˰΢΢ƫСԴַ֮һòᣬĽȵľǰɣ
ৣ
Сʱһ죬ŵӦȴЩ˼һȺΪȣ˵ȥίʵ
ַЦһ
˵ɣʵҲôɣ½ϻĞe֮٣eսeͬҲˡ
ԣeһ㲻ϰ
Լһڞe壬ǻҪ߳ɭ֣ٻصeӡ
·;˵ԶԶ˵Ҳ
ʵǿ˵Ķ飬΢ǿĳͷ鶼δܱȫ
ַҡͷ
ĽΪ˾ǣԲСı¶˰ֲλá
ԡԲ𡣡СȵҲЩ˼֪ΪңŻᱻ˷֡
ҧҧ촽ַ壺ǰҽȥɣֻҪõңͻֹסսȫס䣡
ɣ
ôУ
ôô嶯ҪҲţȥŶԣ
ȥ
ڞeʱ
ַҲ΢΢Ծû뵽һിпԿûѣղⷬġ
鶼ѾˣҲ롣ַν𡣡
ϸ׷ѰҲΡ
ַһ̾
ͷ͵ԼʵҪһڞeƽͻ؞eӲ£ֻ໨ʱ䣬û뵽ЧӦǣ˰ĽͰֲ䡣
лл㣬Ҷô⡣ǿҡͷҧŵʺӣЩףź
亦£Ȼǿļ֡
龡ַУᴥַ˫ͫ΢΢˵ȴɣҪæһ㡣
šصͷһ˫ͫᶨִš
ַͷ漴Ӱ뿪
ûʲôҪæʵﵹæѾˡ
¹ذֲͰĽ㣬ַ屾û⣬ܰ
~~
Ӱ֣һڰֲսʿعͷ
˼ֵַܣⱾǰֲ£ˡε֮ǰַһܣȽ⿪Ǳǰӡ
վĽǶȣַͰѣҲǰֲĿˣ˷Ϯַ룬ȷʵΡ
ַ⣬Ҳ߲ˡ
˶ˣֱַӵ
漴ǧѽƬΧסΪ׵ĸмƿ֮һġΪֻмռ⡮ա
мռ⣬գ
ַ˼ĵ˵ͷоΧռ̣ȫ޷ʩչռ˲ƣռȫʩչʵǿ
Ψмռ⣬ɷ
Ͳ䣬ֱӳսǧǿߡַа⣬һСͲҲǧˣİֲսʿɫؽŵţȴǺ޶Բߡ
԰ֲʵܲƽ
˵ǧˣмƿͷȫǴݿѹֲ䣬ַһ̾򴽡
ԼսҪǧʤҲѹɡ
мƿӲ⪡
ַ֡Ƭ̣ڵ
ţһ㶣عͷ
ַĿɨڰսʿѰδְֲλã̼ˡ
ػȴֱַֹ˫һ˵꣬ȫ˾ۼһȥϲ˴ʱ򡪡
ˣ뿪
סֻһΡ
ַ
һڰֲսʿ޲Ȼɴ۾ַ壺⣬⡭
ţȥ죡ַ˫͵ıȡ
ʱһɫӵַһۣ˫ȭ͵սַصľ˸漴ȣ죡̼ˣ
֮䣬Ҫ˵̫ࡣ
£Ť֮ʱ



1477 м
ϲ䣬ѹ
ѹѹһƬǧ֮࣬Ϊ׵ϲĸмƿ֮һмƿȫսΨδʶ˲䡣
ȴ룬η˸ˡ
ӦǸСಿ䣬СҲ⣬ܱɵðΣĺáǰɫȻѪͨʵȴС
мƿߣˣȻмƿߡ
ʵ֮ۿҪǿˡ
ѣϸѣָһˣɫ糣˵ҪƽһȺ̫ˣѴ֮
ðʲôգܺݺݵ׬һʣбˬô
ҵһಿ䣬͵ġ
οಿ䶼һĲƸЩʱСǮ˻ǺܿģѪͨˣֻҪǮܹعʵҡ
Ѫعʵ
ÿһģعʵ٣ڶ࣬ϡΪҪһѪۡ
һ飬һѰƬ
ҲżĶų򣬸߰ոС
ٿء
ҵը쳹Ƭ򣬺¡¡ʯҷɣһƬɽʯѣɽȾը˲һ޴Ģơ
У˵ĲҽС
˼ĳͷʹƿ񷣬ﲻͫʱ𣬸оһӴϢĳ֡
Ϣ
춴ࣿ΢΢һ׼սӰΪ֮һֹЦѣݵλȥԸСඣ̫ˡ
Խ춴ɱ
Ӧֻͷĵһಿ䣬Ͳֻһ춴ĳֻ֣һźţһ̽
ɱչȴȣ
˴ʿ߰Χסַ壬ɱ֣ڶ˵Χַƺвղŵʵ꼻һְ㣬ѿή
һЦҲ⡣
ǿ߲ǽƶΪ͵ϮʱʵȻǿڣ
˺սܶ
ʱǰǾңʯٿһĨ֣жħַ֮кڪzϻ굶ɾ֡
ˣ
ѸٽΧԵڶĳնɱһһеĺɫѪͺ̰Ķħϵոǿ
Ӷ˵ĳˣٵ
䣡
ֱַնɱһͷһҲסǰʵôҲֻǻ춴࣬ʵҪǿ
ˣֻܷս
м⣬գ֣һֱм⣬ʱΧնʱһѹ㣬ֱַ塣
ৣ
ַͫ
ȼƻи˳ҪðֲȾ͵Ƴռ⣬ַҲû뵽ȥԭǹӰԼƳ
뵽ϡ
мʩַںѪкɫмתգȫǿռ䷨Ŀǣкڪzϻ굶һšһʱмƳ
ϾֻǿƼ
Ҹռвһ㣬ѸٵĽӽֱַչҶԿΧ˲ҽӽߡ
ÿ˵϶š
ǿҪɱһ춴࣬ǻֵ
Ǵˡ
ĺס
Ľڽڰˣܻŭɶˣ򲻹ֱǺ죬мƿ߱һ춴˵ȥεȵĶˣ
ҲǶ˵⣬ַĵȫѹơ
ˣķ൱סַĵǽԼȫļˣΪǲ࣬ܿḴԭ
սһַвӲ볷ˡ
ֿеһ㶣ۼྐྵܣʱ۵СۣЩز
һ٣Ȼˣ
Ҳ̫۸ˣ
׷׷ܻغԼڣַܷ׷ȥһסռ䣬һ׷ѰַϢ
ƿߵʵַ룬Ӳߡ
δ׷ϣٿһ飬͵ķӦãмƣԶһҵ棺ȺǱˣ

ɶ񣡡ŭһ׷ȫǱ׷һ׼ܣ
԰գǳ뱩ŭֱ׷ַ塣
ӵ
ǧ˴ȥַɱģʱֳ֣һһ׷ɱַ壬һ׷ɱܵȺ
ôҲԵ˷ɢ뿪ûãٲһ෽
мơ


1478 ƻ
״ַ̬ҪӮɿܡ
ϾмƿߣͨѪҲǳƿȣַʵ࣬춴ʵȻơ
˵ֻܷӲɵʵ
϶ַӣʶŻᱻַһᣬʵʵҲֻڲ֮䣬ַռƣֻ˵ɱ
˴ǧƣࡣ
һΧַ˵֣֪֮Լս
£ǳ֮ʱ
վס࣡ŭһ˫ͫ׶ޱȣϵʩչռ⣬ַжЧȴǴۿۡ
ѪеĺɫУַ
ǺƿߣַӵеĿռԿռĵ˿ѷɫͨƿߣ׺й֮
۵Ӧû⡣ַĵ
ϲ˴ȺףǿֻҲǳƿߣӵѪеĵλмƿߡ
˴Ȼϵ
ɰܣڴһ١
ֲԲǽϲȥȻ˽٣´ϲ仹˸ǿ
ϧֲ޾ԪĻַۡϧ
һһط˾ãȻ˺ܶһ־ͻḶ֮һ棬Ƭϣ˲࡭ֻǹӲд
˳ǴΪжǿֻΪ˻ʵĴڡ
һ˻ʵʱȺûʲô
ӣбͣٴַԲͣϵ㹻ʱ䣬ðֲ롣
ʣ⿿ٶ׷
ռκβ
ֻϢַҪߣҲǼ׵¡
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֪˶ãֱٸӦκϢеĳͷ죬ȫַ巽ͣ¡
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ɽȻʩչһֱֱ׷ôãַҲһֱţеĵй֮
Ҳ˺ܾã
Цַڲӿϳ֣ޱȣǰܵĿ֮⣬Ķ֡
֮ͣΪɲžӲˡ
ɣ࣡죬޴ữһצ缲磬ռ类и̴ѵ
ۿռգռⷨԶʤࡣ
мƿߣ
ңǲѪΪмƿߣ
һ֣һ֮ǰֵ಻ĸǿٶҲˣ⾪ˣƫеĺԺ䡣

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ã
ɫ䡣
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ڣҲܲµ
ȺһѾȫ롣
ɱ㣡ëֱɫͫɲ
Уٶȸ죬и˺ѿռ䣬ëȻķŭϬ
~~
ַйâʮֹһ֡
һأʮ֡
ռŤɫʮ˲һ¶м֮ɫǰʩչռֱ˫ֳצռѸٱѹɫʮЩΡ
ħ֮­
ڪzϻ굶
ַѸħشΣѪɫ˫ͫޱ죬ɱɵıѩ˲ʱʩչʮֲ˵ֻӡ
սУȨ൱Ҫ
ʮֵĿʩչԴѪкɫе˲ϢΪ֮һȻֻжϣõַռơ
ʵ޼սУһƿܶġ

ֲڣʱһƬ档
ٿأռһҲԶ۶ѹѹһƬӰΪ׵һϺɫս׵ӣϿӿݣģǳªĸߴ׳ޱȡ
Ķͷϣһ̵㤡
󼸺Ӱͷ϶һٲȻȺѪªԵģ֮ǰ뿪İġ
ɫ԰ףѳɷİֲ䣬˫ѪֹסľҲ
ⲻģԴ



1479 ܿ
ˡ૵
׵˫ֲ˫Ŀ֪Լְ𣬴Ե߾ȫȲ䡣ȥ˰β䣬һʩԮ֣ΨС
ڣ˵ʲôˡ
ĵطɳĵطǰֲ˵ĸ޾µĻۡΪһ֮Сĸ˴ѡ
ⳡѣǻԵġ
Ĵªӳȵ
ǣͳ죡һ漴ɢĴѲ̽ѰÿһߵĶͷ϶һı־̲Σ޼Ѫ־
Ϊ׵ĳªΪ䣬мƿߣΪ޼Ĵͳ죬ʵǿ
δô䰲ο
촽ҧķϣͷĴţͫȴãʶԼҲ֪ԼʲôԴһƬհס
ܿ죬޼˱̽˻ر
ͳ카ªʮأʱͷ
δʬ壬ҲûѪζ԰˵ª¶һĨЦݣģӦðȫˡ
ģĴϲ
ͷһǱץߵĿܸͬߡ
ҧҧ촽¶ǿ֮ɫϣĶԹ˵֪֪ĸȥˡ
»߶пռ䲨ȷ
ȥǱ߿ôָһߣ䡣
ԡͷ

һߣַս
һǿһռ䷨ˣгǶ˸ƾУַ֣ԽսԽ𣬱衣
СӣôԽԽǿˣԽսԽľ
տʼãַ֮嵶֮Ƕݵռƣûþͱȥˣ൱£֮ǿÿһλӵƺ
ԣ̫ˡ˼ɵ
дż⣬սⱻַѹȫѩ⾳еַ壬ȷʵÿʱÿ̵
׼ȷ˵ַľ
֮٣
ƿߵΡ
ѪɫеĽףַεƿߵʵҲ࣬Ѵ֮ٱԵ
ڱԵһÿǿŴ󣬹â¶
ѩǳٵ
ַĵȻѩȻδܾ򣬵ȴɱ¾УϰħħЩ
ս
սУ֮ս
䣡
ַĺڪzϻ굶ֱɣһȻôҲŻᱻһǿ߱Ƶֵزʵͺ޵׶㣬ûоͷ
ôôǿҧؿڼЩ־塣
겢ߴһɽǰǿ
䣡
ַ幥𣬵֮ٵĲգıѩʤ֮ͣѩ֮໥һ𣬻һеıѩ
ŵѩӡ
ƽӣб
ַ崦ƫơ
ַ岻֪ڼλҲǿ൱ǿ˵мƿߡ
ٺȥˣоһ˿Σա
мռʩչӵһռ䣬ʩչռ˲Ҫܣ˲ƫתʱȻķ֣ԭԶַ壬֪ô³ǰ
ôȫ˫ĿȻ
ǰս޾ֱӽûǿмƿߣַǰҲٷ޵С
գ
ַѪڣȴҲ˵ˣʹÿռѪɫľ޴ӵдĿռ֧š
ռŲƣպÿƿռ˲ơַ岻һЦ
һ꣬ԼӰǿ춴࣬ռ˲ƣռŲƣһΡ
ԭֻ˲ƻŲǧ֮һꡣ
ڣֱ˲ưٷ֮һꡣ
ϧַȥϧԼսʱ״̬ʵʵ˵ԼⳡսӮģʡ
ս
ܿܣֻʴûõġ
֪٤ôˣǷ˳ַлЩǣָϢ漴ضС
·;Уϲĳ
׾٣ȫնɱ
ڵַ˵Щ˸Ƕ֣Ѵ֮һһַûŹܿѸϻһ·̣ٿأַȴ΢΢һ
ǰд򶷵Ϣ
ǵôַϢӦɢȥ˲ʱһһ΢΢Ӱ˲ϢӦڸ˹ȥ
оһϤϢ
Ľ㣬ˡ



1480 ̫࣬
ôô࣡һʱɱһĳͷ죬ۿȥ˲ͷԶԶ޼ˡ
мƿ߲٣˴ֻǻ춴࣬ƿֻˡ
ԶΪȰֲܼ򵥣ֻΪǶһС˲䡣
뵽
ֻ»ȥýüͷ壬ĿƳԶİģżְĽ޼ªΨȢгªŮӣòѪֺõŮӼΪС
ԣΰҪ
˵г֮Σ֮ӣԹ˵ͻرȣڡ
ȴЩԿˡ
ЩֵҲһ˵νΪ˹峤ͳǱʵԽ
ƴһƴʵڲΨзˡĿƳģ
Ȼ԰ĵɫΪһУֻﻢ£սЩǿҲưոݡ
ֱ࣬ɱ顣
ûκεԡ
ݱսÿʱÿ̶ǿߺǿȥ˵ϲ˱·ÿһȻǧˡ
ʵȺһ˶ѡ
ʮͷ£޼ʧأһƿ˲ᡣ
ɫѿκһԣƿ߶ǱƸ춴ǿˣƿߣһһ
ۼԽԽ⡣
ȥ֮ǰиǰЩǿɱˣڰ
ȴΪѣҲǣҲǡ
ĿǰƾУս˭Ҳ޷Ԥϣ˱ɱ࣬ܿٴμӾ硣
߳
ڽɱһĳͳ죬ƬѪȵսҧҧ
ٲˣֻ¸㣡
һкڽע⣬¡¡ϣʵ󱬷ǣǿߣڣٿء
䣡
ǰɽ緢ǿ٣һö޴ڵӱӲͺ俪ǿ߲ҽڶ
ʱһֹ޼˰Ķһߡ
죬ն񷡣
һƳ˴ȫҡ
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ֵǣǿˣɱЩˣУ޼ʿܹ裬ʱսֱɱǿ߹Ǻ
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Ūһ¡
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һսʵǾַ壬ĵ磬ޱȽӽĵ֮١ǿƿߵľ硣
ȫ򣬸Գٵַֻ嶼Цмƿߡ
磬壬ߣεȾˣ
䣡¡
ַĹӲ˿˴Σַķ֧ܿ飬ܵܣӵӡ
Բǿ߶㻹
˭
һ֮Ӳǧ˴û޼䣬ַһ˶˴Һϣ룬ͷܡ
ܿ죬ĳͳҲ뿪ɫޱȡ
ӵ˼Ǽ
̫࣬£

һսҽ
޼٣ܻǧǿߴ˾Ѫɱ¾ĥ£˷ܵĺܣǿ˴
һ˴Ǹˣ
ЦݣģˣǿһЩ͵÷ˡ
ţ
İЩȻǰҲȥȴǿѵһɫսףִɫսһߡ
ô᣿
䲻һٿصɴ۾춴ࣿ
ûӦɣ
ղ˴һĳǿߣȻֻǻ춴ࣿ侪Ȼ죬ţʱ΢ЦڣþòˣĽ㡣
ǰþòˣַ塣ĻعշȻһЦ
۾ַ壬е𺧱ֻ֮಻٣ַʵԣôҲû뵽ղų೬ǿߣ
ʵмƿߣ
Ŷð
ʵôô죡
ҡͷһμַʱʵͨȫɻַ壬ڡ
ַ壬ѾվĪĽ֮ϡ



1481 ԣҰɱ
ôַ壿۽ϲõỨ
ţںܰȫַ΢Ц
ΪʨʥͰֲһԼ֪ڵλãҲ֪ǰȫ룬԰˵߰ɡ
ãͷüëչ¶Цݡ
µģǲ䱻ƣȫɱ˵䱩¶Ǩƣ˰ȻʲôҪ
û˲ٽûˣʲôҲûˡ
ܿ죬ĺ͹һ˵ȣַһǰȥ;зƽ˾ʣµһ类۴ƻ԰¶֪Ƶȥˡ
Ľ㣡ģ˷ܵ˹
һ˵ȣĹҲ¶ЦݣڰֲĵԵ൱õġ
ִ£ֲûк޼ˣַɫׯعҰ䣬л֣
԰գǵϥڵء
ԹȴҲǸĺӣַ֪壬ֲڽӣܲϲġ
ǣڲսʿһ׾ϥء
Ҳض񡣡ַ⣬ЦֲҵļһԵҽֻһмƿߣȻ鷳ˡ
ַ˵𣬰ⲻôģĿռƿ൱ǿ
ֹ棬ֲսʿܺ档
ַ岻ǻ춴࣬ۿռ䷨ƿأԶԶôܰѵˣ
Ѳˡַҡͷ
ȴȻ
ûѣ
ôģ
һ˫˫Ի󲻽۾ַ壬üͷҲ벻ַ嵽ʲô˼
ԣҰɱˡַ赭дĵȴĳһƬȻ˺ȻŴͣŵַ塣
ɣµ
ַ壬ɱ
ǿмƿ߰
ƽһףַĻõ֮𣬿ַŹһ
ôܣ
һ춴ǿôɱмƿߣ
ֱδţ
ַԲ˵ѡ
ûַôӵó
˵ġģ֣Щ
ôϲ䱨ôַ忪Ц
Цһֻ̫ԾֵʵǸĪⰡ֮ǰַ嵱ˣֱշ죬βѡ
˼Ҳֹûǳ𣬷Ե±Թؽίʵ
ַʵ˵ֲһɱġ
ǿɱмƿߵĳǿߣ
ʲôôȥҵطòôַ
ҡͷҪһõĵطôװÿΰòǶϣάֳһʱ䣬οҪҵһĵط̫ѡ
üʮҵҸټǧ
ַͷ
ҲǣϾ¹˰Σһطû⣬һ˷Ǿĩˡ
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ǺͰϵѣ롭ȥǣסһ㡣Щӡ
ǻôַ󣬰ֲɲ١
Ӧáɡ૵
ӦòᡣַĿ˸ǹϵôãĽȥͲԹˣͬΪβ壬ʵϴѾȻͬĲ䡣
ü˵
ַβҲһεϲ䣬ƬǿرԸ񣬴˴ŭϲ䣬ǱضѰ䡣
ҲƬûڱѾǣ
ַɨһ۰⡣
Լû˵̫ҪԼ䲻ֲѾˣҪǲŽп£ַưֲȥܱ
ΪϲһҲֲ䣬ͲֹͣѰ
ʱиҵ䡣
ҲһֻҪƬڵģ˭ɵϲ䣿ǿ͵˲䣬һƬİ
ģֻһС˶ѡ
Ҳ֪̾һ̧ͷַ壺ǲܣҲû취ܱ¶ǿɡ
ߣʱᱻҵ
ַüͷ΢΢
ֲ̫࣬˳Ҳ㣬ߣԼ壬ǰԼסʱǣǡ
ȥ˳ǣطҲȥá
£׻ʲô취
˴۵СۣһݣߴԽþԽΣգɱϢܿᴫϲ䣬ʱϲضŭ
ΣգͻٴμӾ磡

ʲô취
ַüͷ촽һ˫ϱɫŸֿܺͷٿüͷһַ˫𣬡ԣһԡ



1482 e
˴ӳģֲֹֻˡ
С
ãС㡣ַߵeһǿǰǰչŮѩ׵ļ˿һ㣬۾ͺǺ׵飬
ַ硣˸
ַεľ֮им֡
ûѱ°ߣϡ
ַ΢΢һЦ
ҾͲĨˣС㡣ֲַָָڣ֪һζʲôΰֲķСӦ
ҧҧεʴ˵ͷ΢СԴԲ𡣡
ַ鶼Ѿˣ׷壬ڸģȥֲƺ󡣡
̧СԴͫ˸ҿøһ䣡
ô⣿ַʵ
ʱ֪ôش
Щպ˵Ϊ㣬ֲϲ䣬ƬѾȥ׼ȷ˵û֮ءַ
ͫ¶֮ɫǵһԲ𡣡
Ҳַ֪Ϊڞe󣬲֪ɷȥeݾӣԱܻˣ
ôԣ
԰eôס࣡
УԲУ
δػeǷ׷׽eeĸأڞeԣʥַġ
eйͬĵˣ˴˼䲢ѵĹϵ
ͨѶƲϣֻǻá
סڣȵڞeʱҿΨΨŵŵ໹壬ݵλʮҪġ
ûаֲȣѾˡ׿ȻɫΪ˾ǣǲֹʧȥԼأˣأʲô
ʲôûС
䣬λߵʣֻᱧûõݺԭʲôʸܾˣʲôʸ˵ⷬ
ڞeһ࣬˵
ַҲǾȡ
û뵽һεεŮ˵ֻⷬǹһ˼죬󷽵壬Լ֪ȫͬ
ַ磬˵Щû⣬ϡ¶һĨȻЦݣͷ
棿ַ΢
صͷ֪Īֲַˮ֮УԵر
ãȥһ¡ַ΢΢һЦ

ѹأӭж⡣
ýeʱ⡢ġһ˵ȽĿɿڴ
ǿǞeӣ
eĸأ˵࣬˶ҽ룬ǲֹܽeӣݾڞe֮УÞe屣
ǴͲ䶼Ҵeӣ˵ϲֻͲ䡣
һֲ˲¶ϲɫ˵ϲƭ˵ģϾϲǰʵ̫С
ڣǰȫˣ
ֻҪeӣٲҪˡ
ͨe뿪Ƭ򣬱ܿϲ䣬ѰҽµĲ䣬¿ʼ
ȻķѴľһȫˣ˼ܽؽḶ̴́Ҳؼıʲδʧ
ˣС
һԪİֲ佫ڱޣұĸǿ
һУΪһˡ
ֵĶ£ֲػμģҪֲԸΪֳҲǸֱˬ֮ˣ˭ã԰ֲãͶ˭á
ллɫӵַ塣
ֲ˷׷׸лǶַ̫ˣһʱȴҲõַЩ˼ֲʵ̫ڡ
ֺһУ漴Ǹ·
Ͼÿһʱ䣬Σһ֣鷳һ֣ĞeӶȥ½eӳʡʮ״½ΪϡĴޡ
ʶҪeҲףҪߵޱ߾
ʱ侺
ַͷ޼令һ·ϲͨ˶˷ö㿪˵Ŀױ¶ַ岢ں
Ҫǿ죡
ϲ֪ǵ
ϲܹĸмƿߣƶߣҪٻضҪʱ䣬ͨٶں
Ȼֱ˵eӣϲ׷Ҳδ֡
Ҳַ֪˲ǡ
ɱмƿߣҲȻмɵóȻж
Ͼδ֪¡
ڻˡչŮվڞeӱߣɺ棬ӿeΪӣͨĺһƬޱ󺣡
ַeӣҲǰٸнӡ
ǰǷָ½Ğeӣ



1483 Ǹ
eӣ½һ漣
ֻ˵جΡ
һͳ½ˣʼδeްԣʢ֮ʱ緢Ľeӣͼһͳ½ȻǴˡ
ڞeӣǰδеѡ
˵eӣܸӦռĻôԽԽ£ռԽϡ٣ֱϡޡ
ǿ
ռ򣡿ռƿأĳ
ڞeһܷ½ϽսԾܵĳҲȲe֮ˮʹǿѪҲ֮ء
ǵȞeǿ
ڞeȴԶԶϞe壬eӣ˵ǽӵ˼¡
ǿԽȥˣַ硣Ȼ˶ɫַȴǺɫЦӯӯûа߸ϡ
Ͼַξȹ
šַͷ
һڰֲǿߣʾˡ
޼ǰ˸ллλһ·лǷλһ飬Ҫæܳ
ֿˡ΢Цܽʶ֣Ѿҵõջˡ
ǧ򴩣ƨ
˵Ҳʵ飬һ춴࣬ӵлɱмƿ߿ʵǳɳж£
ǿߣҪύ
ַһЦ
빴ȴҲ˹߰ɣһе¡Ҫȥ޼䡣
ţ
ַ
Ŀӣõʲô
Ľ㣬ܽeΪС㣬´δٽ롣ַeӽȥ޼䣬Ͳˡ
ɫƽÿɷӦ
⣡
ַĿٿ䣬ɫ΢΢һ䣬ǼһĨЦݣЦĺѿ
Ľ㣬Ӧʲôַһ̾ӹͰĵɫ˼㽻ĺ޼İ
һİȺΪλð޴Σ㣿
Ȼͼ
Ҫ֪β䶼Ұֲ䣬޼İ׷ǹʣǹ졣
ûУûҡͷ
ԽãԽǼᶨַĲ²⣬бȻʲôҡ
ֻԳܵ
ַ֡忪ڡ
ַ֡壬֪Ҫ˵ʲôƳ۰ģֹ
ĽӦʲôˡַ
ЦһϿӿݵĸԳªҡͷҲ㣬ǰңŵԸ¼ң޼ĳ
£ްǿȡ
ԭ
ַȻģ΢΢ףٲȻĬϡ
ֵ֪ŮʱҲ޼ƿʩ²ߡַ
֪ͷиۣ޼ܴܲģػֲ䣬ȴʲôҲ󡣡
ˣԵͷ­Ѫˣ
Ҫõȸ˵ɶԣ
ַš
û
۰ɣֱַ֡ӵ
޼䲢ȱǮ
Ҫʲôַʡ
ֱָģԥĿҲʮּᶨ
ַü
ҡҡͷ˰ԸҲδǿַʵ侴أһһ룬԰Ҳ־ڱصá
ִԲӡַɫȻ
ͻرûִиʲô
չӦаĳΪ˱ֲ䣬ôַᣬɫЩѿ
ȷͷػֲ䶼¡
ȫַһְ졣
ǡҧԥĿڡ
ûôǣ֣Ұ㵱ѣҲϣǰǵѡַ嵭˵ٿشӻȡһöռָ˹ȥ
50ģı⣬ܲ޼ֵǰһˡ
£ҾѣַǷһ顣
ַĿ⾼Ȼֱ䡣
ʩɫ仯˫ʱȭʱĦȴԾַ˼ƳģƳַ塣
ãҾʹǶлֵˡ¿ռָصͷ
һַ幰˹֣ļһ˵ȸ𣬱ȥŹȥıӰַҲ̾ϢһԼҲôһΡ
ȷЩ֣Ľŵ鷳
˭ԼǷأ
ַ̾
Ȼһ㣬Ǹˡȥ޼壬
ˣ
ַȻʧЦ۰ģҲû˵ʲô֮ԻӦвΪʲôʵܼ򵥣ΪʵڱʲôģʵҪ
Ҳ¡
ºԼĿɳ𣬵ʱԿֻ
ԣֻЭ
߰ɣĽ㣬Ҷڵأǡ
ȥeӣ



1484 e
e壬ʵϵ塣
ɞe֮Գ֮Ϊe壬Ϊߵ廯һ·ʵΪΣ
ڞeУӵ޾֮
˽eӣռʵۿۣ˴޷eӣǵĸףǣǣΰĸס
ͬһǱeӣַβ
һڞeŰֲں󷽣ܣַԼҲǡһνĞeӣг޾档
͵ĺȻͬû㣬ûˮֲֻһſϸ΢Ĺ㡣
ǡe֮⡯ǞeԴȪ
eľǡe֮⡯ˮݰʤÿһɲǶƵĞe֣֮ҲƵĞe֮ⱻʳ
ee֮⣬ǿ
e֮ⱾҲɳΪµĞe塣
ϵַи̾ǧϵʤe岻һ֡
㹻e֮󣬾ܱΣ
ַͷ
һ׶Σ㹻e֮ʶȹ̣ûΪ֮󣬳Ϊe塣
ѹ֞e岻壬ࡣ
eҲֶϡƬҸסƼ˱e֮ͳ챱eОe塣ƽȴ𾪡
ǹ
ңĹ
ƹe֮Ů
˳ԾַȻЦ
ŶЦʵҲûʲôǞeûĸŮϵǸȡeӾ֮صĞe֮ɣһĽûкü
ַͷ
ԭeӵͬe֮⵮Ҳͬ
Ҳ⣬֮صĞe֮ض̲ظǿܵǿĞe塣
μ߹ǰeٿسһ޴Уһ׵ӳǰϥأ»߹߹𷣣
Ӵƣѹ˴
ַɫƬ׵ӣҲһݡһ߼ƿߣʵ֮ǿԶԶԼ
¡ҡͷԼ̫Сˡ
ӹֵѾȴã빫ص
ף࣬ҵѣҲҵľˣΪ䶼˻ȥҺúкǣס
ǣӡ࡯Ӧ
ͷַ壬΢΢Цַ磬Ǹҵģʲô˶£ǰסģ뿪ôøӦõĻˣҪȻȥһ¡
˵ţСͷǿɰ
õģȻȥɡַ΢Ц
ţһ˫ַͣҧҧӣ漴뿪
̬ⷬ龡ӡ࡯ϣһš

ǾסɡдŷֵĮ͸߰
e屾Ͳô࣬ΪeӵѪ߹Ǹ߼ƿߣȻǸ߰
ַܣüͷ΢΢塣
䲻֪eطôôҲд˵ġ
ƾɵס֪ж£ΪȴʮСֲڶ࣬ҪסССһ֮УίʵЩӵ
̫С˰ɣ̲סڵ
ֲҲ˽˵ԭҲ˻Ĵ㣬ȴû뵽ôԥ£Ҳû˵ַֻ塣
дһĵطôַʵ
ƳeбeӵĹأҪסڞeӱΪϱ϶ܷ飬ñeԺУҲ߹ΪѰɣ
߹ַղ֪
䲻֪eԺʲôĿeҲǡƼһַ⣬ߵ˵ͷ
Ǿɣ鷳ˡַ
ϾǞeӣ˵ĵ̣էԼҲ¶ˣ˵п֮ӣҲûе
ԼǺȽϤ길׺ס֮µʱ˵
ݴ𵽴ߡe岻֪ݣɱˣĪûǡ
԰գֱӱȥǹ°
ֲɫЩѿʱ£Ψмһ£eƲ࣬Ҳһ졣
ס˵ɡȥıӰַ԰ֲ˵
Ҳֻһһ
eӡַ˫
ԼƬصĵ
ܸоʲôںһַ尴ؿڣ૵



1485 ӿ
ַ岢δ뿪
ȻֲʱǣϾڞeӣһƬİ֡ΣաĻԲ˵߾ߡֲeӵģʲô£Ѱġ
䲻Ͼֻǹڶ๫еһ
e̬ȣʼҪһʺš
eӷǾ֮أܹ̫Ĳ鷳ַ԰Ͱ˵˵ʱӞeǵ̬ȿɼһ㡣
Ͱĵͷ
ַ壬ŷϾһȵİֲ䡣
ǰΰ󣬰Ϊ˰ֲͷˣʵ䲻ãϾһֱҲǵʲã˵˾ǰֲĿǰ֧
ַ壬ǳΪֲġ
İȴǿֲ࣬˲ֹóϷǾ֡
Уڡ
ԣǸôʵ
ҽɰӣض࣬ǾḻʵףȥѰҰ֮ءַͽɰĽһһֱǻΪֹ
ΪΪףԼҲûʲôطҪȥ
ֲһѡ
ͷȷһ÷
ֲȺĿǰֻһƿߣͨ춴޷ӣֻʸ񣬵ϲ䣬ƬǲٴҲ޷½뿪
Ӟeп뿪Ȼǰǡ
ȵ߹һæȥ򡣡ַeӱϾǞeĵ̣н
߹æȫͬˡ
Ǿ˵û顣

eӣɯ
ûˣ˵һĵŮӣͷڣϼ£߹Ȼͬǣλߵʣǿʵ
ǵġ䣬ȴ𾴡
һ׵ӵϥأְϥϣɫϣɫƬһͷ͵ϻ߹ϯ࡯
ⲻµѾͷﻹܻŻŮӵһЦһ˫У̲žһ
˵Ǳȡ
ࣿŮŶЦЦȴЩм˽࣬Ǟe壿
ӦǣЩڻҳЪϢ
ޣŮ⡣
߹ǻģ˵Ϊ߹ǲ䱻˷֣ʧ˵ٿһ䣺ҪҪЩµĳˣ
ҪôżŮӽһЦƾƿ֮Уν¶ˡ
һЩܸ࣬ıʲô
ȵֶ£ٴЩϲ١
ͷ߹أ
ŮһףЦЦ˵أ
ס๰֣кţӰ漴ʧ
ŮӺݻӣ¶һĨЦݣ˫ձȻţڻһϸȥǷǡǡһͼ
eӵĵͼ
ܿ죬һжҵġŮ仮
˭Ҳ޷赲

ַͰֲˣܿӦ˞eӡ
eӺ缸û̫𣬳˿ռĿռ޵ģԪȴ뱸ֻ಻٣һОe֮⡣
e֮⣬ǞeӵeӵԴȪ
eʳͬҲܡ
ַֻڵƬ򣬞e֮࣬Ҳõðֲ˷ܲѡ
ǿǞe֮⣡
ֱӹ޼ֻ֮ϸɼһС㣬ŷǱѰĹЧԞeǣͬЧ޴
صַҲǸп
˵e֮Լ΢ΪԴʯ
e֮ôͨ˵鵤ҩ
ѹ֞eӲ룬ǽ඼⵽e׷ɱ
Ѿһˣ߹һϢҲûСüͷ΢أ
ҪæɡַЦ
ȻӴ࣬߹ƷԼŵùġ
治ֲ䣬Ͳǽeӣe˵һȫôԾסڞe֮У
֪ҪȶãҲЩż
̽ĵѡã͵߹·뿪ֱڶδ߹ʵ֡
Ȱɡַ
ְؿڴԴס󣬸ӦǿȷǣһʲôںԼڞeĳһӦر
ûаֲĻԼȥѰұˡ
ڣá
ȷʵЩ֣ôˣ߹ʱزҲиϢַа⣬üͷ΢΢
ʵڲķȥ룬¿
⣡



1486 Ѱ
ҳУֲ˾˹Ƶġ
İĻУһʱַҲЩ˲áϾǞeӣeĵ̣˵û
Ĵᱻߡ
ǲߣĵطe壬˵߹ˡ
ٵȵȰɡַҲ޼ƿʩ
긴һꡣ
ȵʱַ֪߹ˣܳʲôԭ½ˡδΥԼĳŵȷðֲݾڞeӣκǻľס
ֲסãͿסá
ȴǳ֮ơ
ţ𵽴ߡַ԰ͰȥΧ̽һ߹Ϣպ˵
Сģûô򵥡ü
ǣԼĵ
ַӦ
һЦ뿪
ҪǰĽ֣ΨпԼ

뿪ҳ
ַeӣĵԼe嶼û˵Ǿסڴ˵ࡣ
˵ֲ˲ٞe֮⣬ԞeӶԣֻ֮⡣
Ҫô߹أַҲǷѡ
ҪѰһeһ£ȴһƬտյeӺ½زͬeˮͬȵҪ½شĶࡣ
ǳˮ㣬ˮ㣬ˮ㣬
ϢӦɢȥ޷ÿռַ岢ԴΪֻǻ춴࣬ԲνeӶУ˵ȫԺԲơ
廹ϵˡ
Ȼ߹ҲҲҲ
ããeӣ޴
žַܿ뿪eӣԾˮ棬½֮ϣһƬտɽ֮أܲĿռĵ̡
ˡ۳֡
ɼǵõʱץ߹λãַʵ
ȻǵáӦ
ȥ
ڞeУȷҲλá
½ֲһץĵطܿû֮أ½תeӣѰ°빦
Ȼʱ꣬½ϲûκ仯
Ҫ˵УǾǿ߱ˡ
ѫֹûϿˣ˵ŭ𡣡ַףڰֲ뿪磬ȻҪϲıҪ˵ķˡ
ӣֻѹĺܡ
һ࣬һ
Ϻܹ죬ȴһַһ㶼ǱܿߣȻ鷳ĺܣѪ㣬ļֵƣ߼Ź
ʵڱܲײǰὫԦ
ҲǺ鷳
٣Сӿ湻󵨵ģһ˶ܡ
һ춴࣬ǲҪˡ
ţ»һߴɼΡ
һɳƿߴӵʮСӣַһ˫˫Ŀ޲ַӹʱֻӰַԵúر
ַԲ˵Ŀ⡣
Ҫƽϣּ֧ʮСӱȫû
۸·
һ·ϣַɱСû飬ο˳׬ȡģռģ㲻ǮۣǼֵơ
߹ǳô
Ǳ丸Ƽƽ㣿
ֻߡ
ַкܶʡ
ʶˣԹ˵һһסʱ˵ܿԼԷģѵӡ
꣬ԶҲۻˡ
~
ַ峤һüͷ΢΢أЩġ߹ǰֲˣǣһȫǣֲ䡣
̫ƽ
ԽƽԽΣգ籩ٵǰס
ˣңܵˡۿ˵
áַӦ
˫һйâʱԦ㽫𡣼˲Ϣ֮䣬ǰһ޳ӥۺüӣһ˫Ŀ͸ɱ⣬ʮ׺ݡ
ৣ
ӥüͷš¶Ѱʲô
ιСӣӥȵ
ţַӥӡ
һмƿߣҲԼʵǿߡ
һѪӥֱַ壬
ûСַҡͷ
ʵ൱֮ǿԼŸӦĳ֣ϢǱ䷢ֻ֣зϡ
ôӥŵ۾ţֱַ塣
׺ݵĿ⣬һͷ߿˸Ĺ˲
ַɫƽ¶
ǺǣǺǺǺǡӥٿطЦЦֱ͸ַ壬ɱ⺮˫ַͫ壬ͫٿطŴ󣺡㱻ƭˣСӣ

һ繳ĹУӥСӾ貣ɱ죺Сӣ



1487 һֵǮ
˵ʹ򣬺顣
ӥӵҲû͵Ϯֱַ壬ΪҪмƿߣҪɱһ춴ߣǻֵ
ˡ
̫Դֱ͵Ϯ˵ܳɹս
ַ壬
䣡ַڪzϻ굶˲ʱ֣һѪɫ͹𣬱˵⣬ĿޣĵޱȽӽ١ľ硣
ѩҲɡ
֮ǰַʵһϣյܻɱмƿߣʵٳ߸ͷһȻǿ
ʲôӥɫ䡣
д𵴣һʱֱЩ飬Ǻ󳷡
Сӵôôǿӥɫ˲䣬ѣ͹Ϣϵȫͬģˣ
䣬ַķ
ǧĵޱߣȫӥ֮ϡ
ɶ񣡡ӥʹ˳̵ľǵͨ죬־ҲǿĺܣӿĿռʩչֱַ塣
һ춴࣬ʲô
ʵشεĲ࣬ΪƿߵĿռӲֱ֮ȡߣԸ춴࣬ʵǿĻ춴࣬ӥӶǾḻ
һΣˡ
ĺס
ʲôӥӸоԼĿռһߣ˲ʱ䷴ȴǸǿĿռʩչҪǿ֮࣡
䣡䣡
ĵƴǿĵ⣬ֱӥףѪĽַɫ糣кڪzϻ굶չ֣ӥκλᡣ
ϻ꣡
˲֮
֮Ѫɽħ֮ɽٶ񷡣
ӥɫŤֱ巢飬о綾ϸʴ޷ԭڵǺ꣬ӥг־塣
̫ǿˣ
ȫ֮ϵʵ
ô֪Һйأַкڪzϻ굶ӥӲϣʵ
ӥһ㶣ʲôйأٿͫ׷ŴӥѹֵϢһţԭĹ
ַҲһ
ӥӹԼΪۣԭǡ
Ϊιңַʵ
Ϊַ塣ӥµҲûʲôġ
ôַЩµ
ӥ͵㹴ˣɱСӣսʿ˳׷ɱɱ㣬ʹͰģ
ģ
ַ岻ȻʧЦһֵǮ
ӥҧɺǹϾʵ춴࣬ȳƿսޣһмƿߣҲôң
ַƳӥһۣҲǺЦ
Զ׼֮ӸĹΪСӻŻȥģֻʣ֮ӣ޺ʵļò
׵ѷ
Ȼôˡַ֮ǰѾµ
˳ǻزȥˣԼסҲ⣬ֻǲ֪᲻۰չã˵ཻǳΪԼʹ鷳ҲԼԸ
ЩѾԼƿصˡ
Ҳ˵壬ӣ˳ǵǿ߻ΪͽɱңҲΪСַһЦ֮Ҳ̫ں
ԼʵڱվȽŸ
ҪԸԼûôס
ԼҲǽͷö˻ʵսһöʱըʱᱬըậʱὫǴ̵ıˡ
Щȵ˻ս󣬽ȫȼַк
ԼûҪǣУ˷ʱ;ֻۻӡĿӥӣǸ߰飬˿ûа֮ɫ
߰ɡַڪzϻ굶
ţӥ㶡
ûı⡣ַ嵭Ȼ
ͷɱ֮ˣӥӵĸԴǱģ޹֮ĿԣԼһɱ֮
ӥְؿڣվĿ⸴ӵַ壬㲻Ƕӯ֮ˡ
ַ˵ģԶȭͷǸˡ
ӥӵͷҷ⼽ס飬гһնỹ㣬ڣ԰գҲٶԣӥӷ⼽漴뿪
⼽ַһЦ
ǸȤˡ

͸⼽һ£ַԼĴ˽ⲻ١
Ҳνʲôʲô˳һûȥ۴ͬ£ַeӱϡ
ǵʩƭ֮
û֤ľס֮أȥӦþҵһַۣĿ׳ƳĞeӣžһֱǱȥ
ͬĞeӣȴȻͬ
һˮַѷֲ֮ͬ˫Ȼ
ǡ


1488 
֮¶
һeӣоǿҵĺ֮ǰڰֲڵĞeλãӦǿ˿߰ޣȴޱ
ָ
eӱĴûضѰҷλַ漴˳ָӦȥųԣĞe֮ˮ޾e֮⣬Ƭǳ
һţһţ֮ǳ׺Ƭ
öe֮⡣ַ̾Ğe֮ȰֲǱ߳ԣ򱶲ֹԭȾסƾɹǱߣһҲʮŞe֮⡣
ÿӶe֮⵮
eӵַͬͬʵصĸܵ˲ͬ߹˵ģԴԞeӾ֮ء
½ϣЩǿЩ
eӣͬҲǡ
ͬĵԽeeԽŨe֮Խ࣬ռޣʶeһ㶼סڞe˵Ըǡ
ʵǿߣͨĺƿ߽
ǱОe塣ڞeнһСַٿظӦϢ֮һϲe壬ֻ
֮ǰڰֲסԴһ
ֻe壬ѯ߹䡣
࣡
eַҲһ˲ʱɫһ䣬ֱӱַ巢eģҲȻͬ
ַ岢⡣
ԣڞeǻᱻߵġ
eӣˣͬĽ֮ء

ڪzϻ굶ո¶ǿĹһ֣eɫȻ䣬мƿߵʵҪɱ춴ʵĞe壬ȫǴݿࡣ
䣡䣡䣡
ַ£eֱӶף˲Ұܡ
ڞeսȷeʵֻɱ䡣
e޸eƣ
һֱɱˣô޸Ҳûãο޸ͬҪʱ䡣
ʵ޴ʱؽᱻѹСһ㡣
Ҳ޶⣬ֻѯһ߹䡣ַ塮ɫĵ
Ȼe˵ɴ۾ַ֮⣬һԲɫѿ
ַȻ
Լˣʵ߹䣬ͨe֪
֪Լһࣿ
Щ鷳ַ尵ૡ
Ŀɨe壬ԲĴֱɱɡ
ԞeӣԼ̫಻⡣
¶֮ڞeӵ·ߣοֱԼܷܿʲô£߹ŻˬԼ
Ȼ߹ءַܿeļ䣬˵ɶĺܴ󣬵ӵԴʯַ˵Ⲣʲô⡣
οֻһ춴ѡ
eӣԭҲôƽ˾ַ֮⡣
ͳƬeӵĹȻǱe֮ƼȨģ֮бeԺǯƣeӱΪƬÿСһ
e֮ƼоŸÿһƬ򣬳Ϊһ
߹ء
һȣ൱֮Сʵءeзеͬɭַ˭ʵǿ˭ؾʹ
ȻȨҲֻ΢Ȩѡ
ʵԲ
ݵλӦֲһƬϢ֮أǻὫǴԼأܷڣֻڲյƾСС
ַӴ࣬ĸԻЩ˽⡣
࣬ĵ棬ǻˡ
ĳˡַ尵⣬ϸeļ䣬õѶϢ߹ͨĞe壬ԶԶӴ߹
뻢Ѩɵûӡ
ַбжƣֻн߹֮СȻΣգﲢ̶Ѩһ߹кƿ࣬ʵҲ̫ǿ
򣬾Լû߹Ҳϵ߹ӡ
ԼȵĞeһڣֻ߹
򡭡
Ӧڣƺ߹ġַ˫һ漴жⲿֵĞeİ൱ġ
룬˼
᲻߹ԱǸءйأַа߹ԭǻصһ֣֮󱻷ָȥûӲޡ
Ϊˣغ߹һֱĦϡ
Ӧûô󵨰ɣַа
ٶȼ죬ȷķֱַeУܿһƹӦeϢ·ĹȺɢڞeռ㡣
߹ء
ء



1489 ôǱ룿
࣬eľס֮ؿƺ
ˮµסһɫĹeʢָˮˮΪ֮иǰŸˮƷʮ
Ǟeݳޣǻˡ
ҪϢǱأЩѡַ尵ૣغ߲ͬОeڶ࣬ǶߵϢӦҲϾǞeӡ
Լù춴e壬ƿߡ
֪֮ǰøˡַһһʱҲûа취㽫۷˳½ʱ࣬㹻ɡа취
ϴϴ󣬹ȻӢ¶أһһƨȡ
ַڹԣ취Ȱɡ
ۿ˵ϴҲûа취ôõҴǰҲֻ˵eӵ֮Ǹϴŵһνeӡ
ַͷ
eӵȷ⣬½֮УȴǶԣȫ½
оκοռڡ
ԣռ䷨ʱ䷨ǴŵģֻǱڸסˡַ尵ռʱǹرķԲʧ
eҲһ
ˣ߷пռ䷨߸ϣط֮ϣַӦܣĞeӾ确졯һÿһ䡣
ÿһΞe֮ˮŞeӵϢ
ÿһŞe֮⣬Ǟe
һУ͞eйأŞeӵeӵġϸԣe㹻ʱѹסһУʱ䣬ռ䡣
ǸӦ޷ԽeȥӦ
طһﶼѭ߷Ҫı䷨򣬳ӵгԽطڞeͬǡ
eĸӦԞe֮ˮΪý飬ԸӦַ尵⡣
Լܲe֮ˮôȻᱻӦeصϢ޷ģ¡࣬ħħ壬塣
ǡ
ܱܿe֮ˮַס
ܿe֮ˮ̸ףǺƿҲ첻Լô
Ҫɱһe壬Ƥͻ롣
ûõģֻлĞe壬ϲϢڡַ
Ļ򵥣Ļ鲻ͺˣֵ
ַüͷ΢΢һ塣
ûƺЩ񶾡˼ҵƤҪ飬̫ȱ¡Ҫôһ𣬻дȶ
д߲СڣϴҪǲģͰɡĦȭƣ⡣
롣ַ
Ӧû취Ҳܴ󣬲һùe塣ϸ˼ȶַ岢żʱ仹С
֪Դڣһ뵽취
һСʱСʱ
ٿء
e壬e壡ַٿһ͵ĵͷΪǞe壬ǞeΪǵϢϢeӣӵġѪ
ԣeǹǶ
ǵϢӦܾȷֵĺ塭
ȴһܷ
ַ尵
˲ʱ˰취һȻ䣬۵ɴ۾ַʱһοΰޱȵġۼףβޡ

Ϣôʺϣȥͬ꣬һͷβ壡
һԡ
⣬⡭۾˵
͞eϢӦûʲôɡַʵ
ûСҡͷ
ͬ壬ȷʵֲʲô
ǾͺáַһЦ
أ˵һأ֤Ҳܼ򵥣ֻһΣûб־֪ˡ
֣ɾֱɱ취
Ҫ뻢ѨҲҪܱ룬çײ룬βУ´취ﲻ½أe󣬵ز
и֮ĺƿߣһסӶûӡ
ϣһγɹַ尵

ֱǱ롣
ַʮСģeӴܿϢӦڱ˵һɫƽַٶȲ䣬ֱӴ
ಣ
ûκηӦʮ˳
ƺû⡣ַ֮һϲԼİȻڷϼϱ壬ǿȲͱһС
ڶĸ

eȷ壬ϢȫĬϣΪͬࡣַ½ֻОeһ֧벻Լϵļð塣
ɹǱ룡
ǰεľ飬ַʱģȻþַշ˲䣬Զ۶Ӱٶȼ졣
ֱ޿ɱܡ
áַ֮󾪣ϢӦû⣬
ô죿



1490 ڶ
޿ɱܣҲٱܡ
ַӲͷƤͫɱţ⼲۶ӰԳƿΪף˵ڞe֮УԼͬаսǻɱ
ǲԣַ岻ɱ䣬¶ݡ
һ¶ͱѸ뿪ⱻΧˡ
Ȼʵоţַ岢ΪԼƬeдڽˣ϶˶ǣ˵߹Ļ࡯ʵԶԼ֮ϡ
ĵεĞe嵽
Ϊ׵һɲлɣ޴ޱȵģҲ˫ۺɢġ
ȣǾԵࡣ
ţΪӺܿע⵽ַ壬ǿŵģ޴׳˶ͣۻ뱩ϢҪ˶ѡ
⣡
ֹɫٱ䣬eҲȫס
ڶ飡𾪲ѡ
ڶ飿
ַҲ֮һʲô
ɱһţַָܿƽžˡưĵ˵ͷǴк漴ǿ߰ٲˣֱ˦뿪
һ֮ɫַҲǰһѺ
磬ôôְ
ǰ磬ڶʲô
ªţǳΪƿ߾ͻ֪ˣe㹻ǿʱɵڶŞe֮⣬ΪǾϸѡĞe֮⣬ԭʼĵһŸǿ
λֵܻ춴ʱܲڶ飬һŞe֮ȻҲǷǱѰǿ򲻿ɵô
ǣ磡eĴȻӦ

ԭǵڶ顣ַԶȥ
Ӧȴһֱδ뿪ĸe̸ΪԼҲܺ棬ڶ鵽ʲô
ǵ̸Ҳ׸߰˰ˡ
eͬe֮СԡƩԵĞe֮⣬Ğeڹ֮츳ǿһֱչȥe֮Ļ飬Ǳܿľ
ʱҪڶ飬ֹǿսǱ
ʵѪ֮ͬЧַһЦȴԼ̫࣬Լ۹⿴أڞe忴
֡
ֻ˵ǿΪĳܡͻ
йһξַ࣬һ·ϸñܵıܣܲ˵ҲںԽƽԽǰԽe岻ҽӽ
غܴһ޴©״
ӱߴ°
סԽʵԽǿλԽߣ߹סģ©·ַӦָҲ
ȥ
ؼΪɭϣԺƿΪ׵Ğe壬Ƭˮйͨȥǲ룬ڹĽ룬ܡ
ܽĵģȻһݵλ
ֻǼðĞe壬ܻصڞe࣬رϣҪģ췽ҹ̷
߹ٴ󵨣ҲȻһԲȫ
˵ǻر㲻ò
Ҹطסٴ֮°ɡַа֮֮ڼҲʲôȥǽȥ
ﻹǿܽĵط
ȥ֪ȫò߹ڣصĵһǰȻˡ


ֺܰʵֻͨĹ֮һС͹ǱַǸeס
ˣСǱȰֲסĺõĶˡ
ҪһңڵˮҲȫµģãe֮Ҳ൱١
ԽĞe֮Խࡣ
ҲҪԽeԽŨȻͬĵҲͬ
eûаԪأֻرԴĹ⡢׼أԼˮľСַϥ֮УԪ
Ѿ죬Ȼ
ǞeĹأһeǲôeĹģϾƵĞe֮⣬룬ֱҲû֪
ַԞe֮Ȥ
ЩͨĞe֮⣬ԶϷԪ飬eռ՞e֮ʵҲǳϦ֮£Ҫʱ
eӵһ޶
ʺһ㣬ճһΪһ壬ǿѹסռʱ䷨򣬿ɼe֮ǿ
ֻԞeҲֻ֡
רȻֻ֣ϳһ壬ǻe֮ˮռɢֱԴģ°빦
ֱַط
壬ӦŹ֮



1491 ٷ򣬴
ٷ򡭡ַ
ﵽСɵĹٷ򣬺ʹﵽɵİħս༫ַ֪Ѫⰵ֮ɫศɣȱһɡ
Լħɾͻ춴ġ
һֱٷҲҪսΣٷǲɻȱһ
һɷԪ飬һ̸
ַѸ١
ǣ޹ңҲǸ֮ء
Ҫͻȴס
ϵֻһַܴһʱ䶼ڵ֮ϣϾͷͬʵʵڵս
ֻҪ뵶֮١ȫձѩ㲻ռҵʵЦмƿߣַ尵
ڞeӣΪûа֮Դͷֻ֮Դ
֮üޡ
ȻֻΪĿռںɫУһһ㡣

طСɵɣַ˵ѡ
Ͼ֮ķԪ飬һſŹٷԪԹٷ򼸺ÿһ춼ոºѸٵġ
̶̲ʮ죬Ѿƿ
չʮգȻ
йһλɵľ飬ڶξ׺ܶࡣ
~~ȫµĹٷ򣬶Թƿص簵֮ƿأڞe֮иޱȣ峺Ğe֮ˮУ̲صĹֱ֮ץס
ಣ
ַһ˲ǳ
ٶȱ֮ȥһأǲǳ˼ٷģǶѸݣǹĿ٣Ӧ
ħڱ͹սӰ֡
ٷԶԸȫһЩ
ӣ˶졣
ַ˵ؼǷľƿأһַܼԦҪֱĻ߰ħʺһЩϾõߣ͹׷
ڞe֮Уٷʺϡ
ϾeǻжģԹٷж벻ޣΞeӱûа֮Ҳֻйٷܷӡ
ȥʣµĹٷԪ飬Ϟe֮͞eǧ꣬Ԫٷܴﵽַĵ
طﵽΪ׻춴ࡣ
֮սȺƿߣΪ׻춴࣬㼰Ͻ׺ƿߣҲ˶١
ʱ̫
ڻкܶҪ
ɶ񣬻Щ˵̫ƴˣ
˭ʵǿأeͱǶüƿ߸ǳʮǺǸһεġ
ҲǱ۸ҲҪ

߹Ҳ֪ôˣǰǳͷģҲˡ
˰ɣǹҲ޷ԽȨ͵λصıǴأǲŻ޿֣Ƿ
һ̰ɣҪҲı䲻ʲô
̣̲ˣƴˣ

ܱߵַɫƽ
ÿһܶѶϢ඼ǹڻصģؽԹһ죬ڱ߾ɧţȻǻĿŵĽأ֮ʮȷ
صĞe岻裬׷ܳȥսȻһͿء
ֻ
ӱʷֻ߹ء
ַ
һҪʲôģeҲһ߹ĲΪẮߵģɢˣȻ롣
شһֺ̡

˲߹Ҳǹֵĺܡַ΢⣬㻢رд߹λ㲻ȣҲ˶١
һūţȥ۸һҵӣ
ôҲֵĺܡ
˵ǰҲֻǸŭԣԶû㣬档ַ˫һ
ǣ֪߹£֪߹С
ô֪
ַ˼Ǻȷӵ壬Źٷɣʵڞe֮Ҳܾ鷢ӡ
ʱжˡ
Լȷ޷ڲһҪǿн롣
£һ
ɱصĞe塣ַ΢΢Ҳڹ꣬˰򲻿һ棬͡
ÿһصĺƿ߻Уʵвͬͽ
ÿɱһһʡ
ɱ㹻࣬׬һʣܽġַĵԼоųɰգ߹ģⲻҪ
߹ڣ߹ߵĞe嶨һڡ
ǣһ֪顣
պַ֡΢΢һЦ漴ű뿪



1492 ɱ¾ս
УŷŭϢ
һ٣ٶıѹл𣬸˵Щeˣ֮ԸŭԣΪصʵȻز̫Զ
һֻƾ蹫ݴСء
һȴǻƾʵء
࣬Զ׼
ʶΨٽݾ棬һŲÿһشӳƿߵ߼ƿߣȫ
ÿɱһܻòʹͣ
eĻˮ̺Şe֮⣬ʢˮĞeӣe֮ˮ֮УΪˮ
1ˮӵͨһŞe֮⡣
Ϊe֮ǲͬͬĞe̲֮صͬˮܹ⣬Ϊˮɼ޵ġ
ͲǱȽϴġַһ·ɨ͸ʾ
ͨĳƿߣͽ100-1000ˮѪѵģͽŻᳬ1000ˮ
мƿߣͽ10000ˮޡ
߼ƿߣͽ𶼳ˮߵͽڣ
ַ˵Ҫɱ߼ƿ
˵ǞeӣߣҲδʵ
ڞeУɱмƿߣʵֻǳƿߣûeĵطȻֻʹð
ٳɶַ࣬嵭ȻһЦ

ŵڶĹ⻷ַܿһ־ɳǵĞe壬뿪أǰ뻢صڱ߽紦
ս緢ء
һƿ߱ɱˣ
ɶЩ飬ȫǷǞeйأɱˣ
Ů˾Ůˣ߹ң˲ͷ˻һԣˣ
ôأ۸߹ģǴ
ص״ԹôģͼвصĞeҲû취
̲סģһɱ
Ҳվ
ɱһɱе׬ֵǣһϣ
̵ܣӾƴҪҲҪص飬
Ҹһϣɱص
ַ嵭Ȼصڞeȥƴɱ߽⻢صĞeصĞe޲ͫһӭɱȥ
Ͳã
򵥵ļصĞeݣǰɱ¾һصĞe쳹
ǸսۺսصĞe嶼ͻԶ
ܱ֮С
ɱɱһصĞeɱ˳ȥַȻ޶ԣԲЩeһɱ¾κá
ǰмƿ߶кüи߼ƿš
һǾɱһ
һ֣ſصĞe塣
˵ǱɱȥҲûκܡ
һһ
ɱ¾죬Ѫɺӡ
ֱصĞe屻ɱĸɸɾʣȫڱ߽ڣսŸһ䣬һۣǧơ
ڻ˵࣬˵Ѿ١
ԭصĞe١
ų򣬹ȥɣ
߹ĽŹȥɣ
صľңһ̫ˣ
ɱǶֻѰ
ĳֱصĞeǺ죬ȥȴһЩ侲Ğeסˡ
Ұܹ󣬴ʱףǾĴûҩҽˡ
ЦصڞeҲǽƣۣϾҲģҲ۵ʱ
ȥ߽عƽ
ַһֱɽվԹۣԭͲأرǲں
ʱ
ֻڵȴʱһԽ߽ߵʱ
ĵˣַȴ죬ڼйͻҲˣ˺ܶСصĞeҲס
ŲҲʲô
˫
뽩֣֮˭Ҳκβ˭
صĞeˣٲã漴㽥ʼ룬ҲȥããĞe֮ˮ磬׺Ğe֮⣬Ƭսʢ
ˡַж̤߽⡣
޴ͣӿۻĴźʵۼףɲɱޱߣ̤߽⡣
ɱս
ĥն͵ıأ
ַ壬ˡ



1493 
ͱͬʵǿ
дԪ֧ţǿ壬ﵽǿ߼²ѡʵϣԪ򣬰춴ҲѲԶ
Ĵʣ֮Ĺ⡢ʰ㲻
Ҫ֪ڵİδѪкܴȡ
߳βޣצ絶
ַ൱ˣͷͬͨõģĴڣӽٵľ磬ȫڰ֮ϡ
ϰ˵ʣʶȻֻǰǿߣʵսƿߡ
Ѫ죬ս뺷
ΨһȱͷԼ򵥣ȱΪǲڣͬȼ࣬Ҫǿࡣ
һַɱһe塣
Ӧ״̬£ɱĵһ춴ַ࣬ŰȱҪѷһĲࡣ
춴࣬ȫ泬
Ͼ壬ǿڱࡣ
ɱصĻ춴࣬ûʹ͵ģֻкƿ߲У춴̫࣬ÿҪʹͣ⹫滭춼Ҫˡ
ڶ

ַ˳ս֮Уڻغصı߽߼䣬ʵ൱ģֻǻ̫һֱѹصı߽⡣
ڞe֮УѾ֮ܳƣǳ֮Ϊս
شغЩмƿߺ͸߼ƿ߶˻ȥˣֻʣСèַֻһЦͷ
ɱ¾ʺԼ
ڷʵãҪѭ򽥽ȻżмƿҲ޷вȴ㹻ǿ
ٷɣӽ١
ǿַ㹻ţڞe㡣

һսһ
޾ɱ¾иоΪɱۼɲצ絶βʹ̹ᾡ
ʺɱ¾
ȻտʼЩ鷳սַҲշ˱һ⣬ûκεȱ㣬طǿ͸ʵķ
䣡
ȭצ絶ӽٵľǿޱȡ
ֲ壬ķӣȱҪʤһ
ɱһ𺧵Ğe壬һץͷ­£ַ΢΢һڰѿϸ
һͣ֡ƣ԰˵ֵһᡣ
㹻ǿ׳壬ԭ൱ǿ
ɱһͷƿߣַ˵Ĵ֮ǰаգлЩûסطҲڲϵսнԽԽ
أ
ַÿһιžҵ𶯣ӵ˺
ÿһηֻľսַ岻ϵ򣬸طõս֮Уγһѭ
ɱ¾УԴԽԽ
צ£˞e岻֪꣬ͽһʣַ屩УצĻӳ𵴸оe֮ˮҲ·ڡ
ˡַͫ
Ϥĸ٣ʹڣ޾˷ӿַȫԡůʵĸо֮С
Ѿ
Ҳǻͬȵ֮ʹ͡
ط򣬵𣬸ɣ
žžϣޱĞe˻ʹţɱ䣬ÿһϴ跥һشΡ
쳹Ƭսʲ
սɱ䣡
̤춴ࡣ

ء
ǽɱֵܵһ춴࣡һĸߴͷɫǣɫβĞe
мƿߣ
ʵϣ޷׼ȷӦʵȷǲǺƿߡ
֪ʱ춴඼δĿࡣ
ΪһڣŸս׵ӣССԴ۾гһ϶ⲻޱȵӴ
˵˵һ춴ôɱôƿߣ񣬱
ͨĻ춴࣬ӵеڶ飡
ü
ǻģ˴սĿľΪƽأԭΪδʤŷɥһӣû뵽̶̼죬ؾֿʼҡ
֮棬ߣ˫ͫ
һ춴࣬ǰŰ裬
ڣϥء
㸺𣬰춴ץۣŭȡ
ǣɫβȽЦݡ



1494 Ӧã˰
̤춴İս
ǿѳ𣬶⻹ǰļޣȱʳعʵһﵽ£޵׶һ㣬о޴Ǳ
ڷϣҪѷɫһ
ֲϺͱһ޵磬ǲռ°ս׷ƽ
ַԣ൱ؼġ
˵вĺƿߣȫñսкܴգһƿ߿ãһͨܣǾ鷳ˡ
ķȫ¶ȻҲء
e壬൱⡣
Сʵͽ𡣡ַצѸٻɱһƿߣڰǿʱսЩƿ߻Щѣˡ
ڣȫ
мƿߵʵЩͨĳƿԲǶ֡
ֵ500ˮַ彫ǰĞe׼£֪ۻǧˮպóûشʤķɺͼЪ׬һСʡ
Ȼмƿߴڣûôˡ
ش˴бмƻ£ӦѱϺ˰ɡַЦЦڰǳªϣֳǸӵ
Զһƿɫ䣬Ҫߡ
Ȼˮ𵴣ȥַѹ޴㲻ء
䣡
һצֱӺƿߵ塣
ʵѹ
Ӧã˰ɡַĥĥצӣ˫䡣

߽粻СҲ
ַɱ¾أȻҲأɱʮƿߣַ벻Ҳѡ
ػǺǿģظСǣߣǵɫ
ۼģλֵܳǿ׳ɽһצȥʮƿ߱㱻ɱˣ
ݺݳһڶһֱѹţɺް
ʵ֮ǰϻȺĵӦλֵһ͵ϮԸΪλɹ˿ء
ԶԶԣɱǸƬײ
ΪԼʿַ֮ǰû뵽ġصʵҪ˵ʵҲôֻǺͻز޴
Ȼûʤ㣬Сģɧ͵ϮǻһֱأȻǿ಻ԡ
ַ塮ɹļ£ؿµĴɱģʽ
ȫհַһףγɹʿǣ෴ֱУǵʤϲһɨա
ңǸeҳ֮Ѫ¶պ쳣
ԭѱֻʣһ֪֪ðһɶļһӲǽư
ǣһȫػָĺƿӿ˳
ûл춴ǿߣȫԺƿΪλŻ͵ϮƵɧţĻӲ١
Ǳߣ
ϢˮȺǱ߳û

Ϣ࣬ѱ档
ַأش˴֮٣ַƽһʱټ٣Ǳ壬վֱŭ
֮ậ겻ɿеܡ

ޣʱַ壬սн֮
һƬλˮɺȺǰͺһˮɵɽ͸ɫʣ覴ãڞe֮ˮŮļǰˡ
öˮַ廹ǵһμeӵġز
͵Ʒ٣еĹƷɞeˮɵģһȾ͸Ŀ
ڞeЩˮûʲôֵŵǿյˮҲ١ַЩeˮǿյܴe֮⣬Ҳܴ
һССˮַצϸ۲졣
৵Ľ룬ˮ͸ɫʱһ䣬ɴɫʣŴϵӿ룬ɫ𽥼ˮʱȫµı仯
ַͷ
ܳסԼĴССһܴ࣬ЩˮԼáûҪҲûá
ȴܴռ
ڞe֮моռΪeӲݿռֻǱڸס˶ѣΪλ򣬿ռʱÿһ
˿ռֱӹҲڿռʮֹ㡯ַĵ
𣬰Ĺʽ򵥣ȱ
ûбĺڪzϻ굶Ըͨƿ߻ãʵǿĺƿߣ޷ֱɱ֣־eԭ൱ġ



1495 ֮٣
ھյˮַǲ
˳ñ𴢴˼飬ԭˮʱռ硣
ЩԞeûõĶ˵ֵƣóȥתһʶֵǮкܶյĽeӣҲѰˮѡ
eˮһ㶼ڞeӽ֮ӽء
ûѾeɱڞeУռơ
ৣৣৣ
ַܿռһƬ޴ˮɽֱӰһ룬ûִ㣬ַ뷨ǰ⣬һҲʣ
Ȼûôס
𣡣ԶŭǻصĞe壬ۣҵַڣΪ׵˫üһְһͷ¶ɲͫҪˡ
Ѿ˺ܾã
ڸɶļһ
ɱɱޣûôʴȣַһҪйͷ֮ޣ
䣡
ʱ䣬һڳƿһϣимƿߣ൱֮Ӵɱͨмƿߡ
֮ǰѶϢġ
ǼһȻƻʵɱҲֻһЩƿߣԼˣӶƶʵֻǽڳƿߺмƿ֮䡣
ܿ㷢Լˡ
ĺס
ֻģġe塯һ֣Ğe֮ˮ𵴣ɲצӷһս̶˲Ľ֣ƿ߱㱻ɱ
һɲǣƿ߸սֱӱβһɨش
צӰ֮мƿ߶ǵֵ
ôôǿ𺧲ѣǵڶ飬ǱˣҲûɻֲʡ
֮ϣ
ûʱΪڶ̶ʱ䣬һмƿѾɱ
죬׼ݣ
ĺãַɺ˫ͫ͸ɱ¾Խɱ¾Խ˷ܣһƿ߾ʳ㣬꣬ÿһλצŽӽٵĵ֮
ԽǿԽǿ
Уġ츳ʵãó򣬶ûô͸ΪͲǿ
ַ츳չڵ֮ϡ
ͬѪѪ
óͨ
޳Էô
ַĵ츳ϰ츳϶Ϊһÿһιַ˼תصǬʥʱ
𣬸磬ŵ֮
һһ
ԶŭϮΪͳ죬ǿȥսȥɱַҲѽ
ΪƿߣḶ֮һ档
ǻ춴e壬̫£
~~
ַ˫ɱ¾֮㣬ƬĳβһսݺնɱΧĳƿߣ˫צβ޵ĹΧشe
ʵǿмƿߣַ絶צֱնɱ
ű⣬ǿɱ¾eͼҪֵشȴ޴󣬺һֱӱ㱻ش
̣ĳβȵ꣬һ˫޳Ӱ˳
ͬΪмƿߣʵҪмƿ߸ǿͽɼһ㣬ͽ𡪡
100000ˮ
мƿͽܺϣ
ΪʵѪ
ѪԽǿζ츳ԽߣԽ죬ͽȻԽߡ

һַ֣֪ʵϣֲѹƣһɽΪǺ󳷣ҪλȻ
~~
Ƭռá
޴ɫʮֽ֣ɴ˫ͫš
ʲôռ
eôпռ
ɲ룬ʱɫʮַָһռУ߱ҧ
ɶ񣡡ɵ࣡ʱѷӦܴڵľûκΰʮֹ൱֮ǿԿֲ˹
˴ʧˣܿˡ
ʱɱӿַѼϮϣʵǿѪҺڣצβս䣬ɨǧ
߳䣡¡
ÿһεĹַ嵶ĸŨԶ֮ŷ·ڲսԽԽ
ܣôôǿ
Ҳܻ䣡
ԽսԽĺɫҰףֱǰצӰһһϬֲˡ
䣡
ַһ֮١
֮ȥκһƶҪǿңҪͣʯ쿪ǿ׵ϬûаһɲȫȻ޿ɵֵ
ĺ𳹞eӣѪ񽦡
һצֱӽ˺飬նɱ
֮٣



1496 ûô
100000ˮ֡
ַԲֵ֪ôͽ𣬵ҲܹϾʵǱߣͨмƿͽ𶼹ʵǿмƿԲ˵
֮e֮Ȼ
ǿǵͳ죡
ʵԶԶǵͳˣǰһ춴Ğeһצɱڞeɢеһ˿־ɢֻʣΨһͷ
ӣ
ٲӣʣ
ʵԶǵĶ֣򲻹ֻӣϾ࣬ɢһЩӳ졣
ַ岢׷ϡ
ûʲôҪҪӾӣ؞eǣԲưոݣֻ̽࣬١
߳߳
צɵۣϵĻצϤȫÿһλצŲһ磬֮᳹
پ磬Ҫ
һһ飬ַ岻֪ƣʩչţţȫµĵ֮ʵٽһ׸֮٣ʵмƿС
ѷ֡

ء
˶׵ŭɶССԴ𶯣ʱаɫĭ¶۾¶ɣµϢɢ
һмƿ̧ͷ
˭֪ıƢǻôҲ֪ڸͷǹ֮ϣ˭ȥۣ
ЩǻеľӢǿߣÿһʵ֮ϡ
ֲ
ǿǻصľӢ
һ춴࣬ǸǱۣ
ɳ
ŭҾͲһ춴ôͣҰץǸثһСС鶼첻á
겻ɣң

ŭĺ쳹
ںƿŴ⣬ȥһ¶ɱŨĹȻǶǻصľӢͽ10ˮ֮ϵĳǿߡ
ҪǿĶࡣ
һǺĿɲҡ
ǰԸһ춴඼ᷭǱϴĹѪͷ
˵ôˣͷ£񡣡
ã

Щмƿߵĳ֣ٽսľ˻صмƿкԵķֽߣǾ10ˮ
ͽ1ˮ10ˮģֻͨe֮׵мƿߡ
10ˮ100ˮģҪôǼўe֮׵ģҪôӵеڶ飬e֮ġ
߲ܴ
ֹ߲ʵǿͬܽ׸߼ƿߡ
ǣɱǿһͿصԪףһ㲻֣Ϊͳ츺˴սֵǿУȻ֡
ǿߣǿߵĸ߰
ͨe壬м֡
ˣ
ӣӣǲǵĶ֣
Ӳ
ڞeҲѧˣϾǵʵͶԷ̫࣬ܲʵ֣ﲻӣ
λ׽Բء
ֱĻǿðɣȴû취è׽ǰ㵽׷

ַ壬ȻƬˮɽǰĥצ
צΪǹ죬Ե֮پǿ˵𲢲ǺܴȻĵкܶƣҲǿĲ֣
ֱӷʹﵽǿȡ
䣡ַĻצe֮ˮ
ڹиӴط򣬵ûκα仯Ļ춴ǿ׳۞eܱ⡣
ãǱ
ǵ֮١ַյȫģ֮ܽٷ˳
ϾŸܷӳ˳ɾѾ
Ȼֻǰ˳ɣ֮ȥʵԵһնɱǽҡ
ûôַ
ҲǣɱǵģӦΪѾˡ
ַ˼䣬ȻʧЦ
ӦһϻΣյĵطȫĵط
վڻ؞e뷨Լһ춴࣬ɱǵǿĻ±Ͽܣôܻԭصǡ
ӦҲˡַĥĥצӡ
صĽ紦˵СС˵ȴҲ󣬻Ҫ𣬴ɳǿߣǻᾭֻ顣
ԼֻҪñɡ
һϰѩһߵǰɡַ֮ս֮ӣսмƿ̳
ȫձѩٷְ֮١
мƿߣ޵֡
ৣַצӿ
ȱһ㼫ѣǾĸʤ࣬԰磬°빦



1497 
ͽ20ˮ
ˮSͽ25ˮ
мƿߣһܻǿͨ߼ƿһϸ£ڵһλصսпνɱذ޿ƥС
ôĵطҪһe̫ˡɫƣõ˵
ǰȫǴˮSҲ
ˣҲı˭֪ҪҳץǶпܡ
ǵʵǰ
˵ǼһĴĵĿš
˭֪ǶӻȥҲ˵һˮSЦ
ЦҲǣصЩһһСģӵ죬Ҫ׷ЩСඣǻΪԼӵ֡
ˮSǻ˵رǻطֳȥģƾǻ뷴ǣ
ţﲻˮȺôȵ
ˮSͷɱĵط
ٿһ֣˵Ǽһ᲻
ˮS͵вﲻô£ˮSסԵҲɴ۾ŵǰ
һϢ٣˲Ϣ
ģ̬
ǡǡ˵вġ
ַ壡
ַ߳ĵûжķϻβ޳ط𣬸ոĵֱ֮ʩչצһԶ
ȴã˶֣
Ѫɫͫɱ¾棬ִţǸҪϵʵսһַռʮֹҲʹãӲӲս
ʵ˾Եĵа壡
мƿߣ
ɱ

뻢صսڼһʼɳƿߣʮĪʧһʮʧһһ󡭡
ƣȫŤת
չصĺƿûٺܶ࣬Ķǿȴǲˣһͽ𳬳10ˮмƿߡ
ȫɱ
Щɱǣ
֪ص˰ɣԸһ㹻ˣ
˵ûԼֵ˭
صĞeʿ
ûַ֣սľȴҲ֪ΪǾںͻشλսҪǡ
ַ壬ˡ
飡
ոǿߵ׼ַģķأҡУǿߵ׼кܼɵߣǵΧۡ
ǲô
Ӧɶͽ𳬳20ˮĳǿ߰
ҵ죬˭̫˰ɣ
ªţ֪˰ɣλֵһ֮ɱĻѪɺӵġ֪Ϊݶ󡣡
̫ţˣ㿴Σǿ׳
ַ֪ԼµšΪɱأΪ˭Ҳ֪ʲôȥš
ҲͦġַһЦ
죬ɱ˳ƿߣмƿ߲֪٣ͽüˮսطռϷ磬ͻˡ
ֱ̫ķƽ˾鷳
زǺǵģǱѹͷϻûֱܾ֮꣬Ӵ󱬷
ַ֪Լʵ
ʹмƿѷ֣Ժͨ߼ƿ߽ĸ߼ƿߣǶ֡
αɱôǿߣֻһγֵġͽǸ߼ƿˡ
䵽ʱǱӣڼˡ
ϾĿĲǴأǻܻأûʲôôĿĳ׬ȡͽ⣬Ҫǡ
ڲ
ԣνڻ˷ʱ䣬¶ˡ
зӦôַĿһǰԶмƿߣͷĸǸ߼ƿߣĿȻ

ؽսϡ
𣡡͵Ĺֱƞeӣֲ˲˺e壬аصģͬҲصģߺ޼ɵɱɱ
ɶ񣡣
ŭޱȣʮмƿߣðɡֻһСʱصڶǿ߾ȫû
̵ã
ֱѪĿ˵ֱӱɱ˳Ҫǻ춴e˺ƬȻʵұƬսأȴȻһ
˵ȥˣŭɶ
ںƿ߲ҿΨΨŵŵĸ󣬴ҲҴ
һҪѩޣԲַ֪Ѽþգء
עһˡ



1498 
ء
ַͣ½Ųǰ
Ǹ߼ƿߵϢμ˵һ׼ȷһ㶼ǰǿߣ춴Լĺƿߡ
мƿ߶٣˵߼ƿˡ
һĸ߼ƿߣe֮ȻߵȣΨڲСߣһŵɫεӣ棬ǵͫ崺磬΢΢Ц
󣬸߸мƿߡ
һа˵ĳ֣ʱΧ޲
Ȼݲס
ԭŲһ΢Цͷһ˸񣺡壬лΪһС
ַ˫һš
ֱԼǰ൱ֹʵǻۺ
Ӧġַ˸
ݸЦﲻ˵ĵط롣
ַͷ
ǣҲû·һȥ

ͨܿ죬˱ڲ
һĹׯ϶൱ɭϣۣӲ룬Ȼ޷
㣬㣬ʮ档
ڽϾ߹أԲ⡣ַҲף㻢ضʲôԽ򵨱أ߹Ҳ¡
ô˵Ҳǹ
ǵˡ΢Ц˸񣺡롣
˵ţ߸мƿߵ˵ͷ漴˫ַ֣һ롣ׯµĹ͸ۼˮȴǿһˡ
ֻΩΩФˮȺʻˮ׺Ĺ
̤
վϵ΢Цٿȴһɢ
ַ壬ԭΰɣࡣ
~~
ʧַ漴֡
һʼԼͲµϳԼݣĿϬ͸·ܿһУֻûֱӷѣ֤˴лء
Ƿôɫͫ˸
ַţôģ
¶һĨȻЦݣÿһصҶܺǵ֣᲻ϵãοϢвûОeeҺ
ԭˡ
ַͷʵΪ߹
΢ɫ˲Ϣһ䣬ַ塣
Ҳ޶⣬ַ֮ǰǲͬ˵㱩ᣬ˵֪з߹½ȹ
Ȼһַ壿
ַͷ
ٿȻɫͫɱ¶ȣȵˣץס࣡
˷ʱӿe壬ַΧסΪģ̲νɫ䣬ַ翴һˡ
ԭҲǵͬַ䡣
ô
ַкڪzϻ굶޾ɫ߹ǿˣǣҲǣһܱ߾Ǿϲ֮
ٿعЦһӣ°ɡ
ڞe漴£ʱǿյֻʣַ
ַоֺ
аַ̾壺黫թ˽ʴߣղеˡ
ַ޷
أԼҲô
ƾԼȷ֮
Թ֣ɷ֪߹׷ʲôˣַʵ
ͷʵ֪Ҳ࣬ڣ⣬ʵʤһ߹ȫҸˡ
ַš
Լоõʵȷʵࡣ
ɫƬ׵ӣһμּΪµϢ
߹Ҷδüһ棬һˡַ壺£߹Ľ֪ܸлȣҞe岢֮
ַֿˣ֮߹лô
ҡͷûѶֻһѶϢ߹ҪһʱգȫȨ
ַüͷ΢塣
ͷۣٶѱ档
δȥ֤һַʵ
ε뿪أְأᡣ෬ǲǰȥ̽飬ݵλֱܾʧ٣һš
ַڰи
Ŀ⾫˸ԣұȻѲ˹ϵǺܴҰ֮УǷ
࣡
ַԼʵæҲʵԶԼ֮ϣ߹ԼҪ㹻ʵȡ
ȻֻǷɶ˻



1499 
֪ģǣ̫࣬ıˣֹ֮ҲǺȷıˣ䲻㡣
ңַ屾Ǟe壬Ǵʺѡ
ַ廹˵Ǿܾ߹ĶˣĶˣкܴȶأ·ѰǾ·ֵĳ졣
԰գ¶һĨЦݣǿִͣأúÿһ
ַһҲδٶ˵ͷ

˵ȷʵúַһ
ˣǲ½ֲһ˽أأʮֲס൱ˮ
ֲҲܳ
֮ǰĴȫ֮
клeҲˡ
ַסڲһرԸչ˵ģҪססãȫϵȵıʹ
֣165ˮ¡
̫ˡַȻʧЦ
ӦõģҼǷֻҪЩͱǹ㣬ҡҞeصʧԶˮܺ
ַס
ĻģһʧȥҪؾ۾ˡ
һġĿտǣû߹ûĹǣױɢ
ھΣַˮʵ
Ǻܺáҡͷʵʼ뻢кܴ࣬ɱؽʮӢмƿߣ˻أɳ
߼ƿôַʵ
ͷ൱ı꣬ʵҲǿҲûʤİգأƥеĲʤϡ
漴̾һ
ַ֪˵ġʤϡֻдʣֱӵ˵ǡʤٸࡣ
ϧҲΪַ
ԼʵƥУ֮ǰ˹Ȼѡ
Ц򲻹ֻܱܣǿԲһֱű߽߲š֮ǰնʮӢмƿߣʿ䱻ѹƣʿȻܸ߰
ضݣȵĲʵ
ʿҪ
ţһʱַ
زȥֻҪ߹һжع̫ƽĵӣҲɧ߹ڵء
ڣǺٻѡ
һУعԭ㡣
ף߹
ַ̾
һһɣԶδ
ַͷٿͫ΢΢и֮룬ֿ֪ɷ㣿
ޣ

ڲ
ַУΧκΞe壬ԽeԽ٣ΪҪ㹻ǿʵ㹻ߵݵλ
ǰ档ְַؿڣȻ
ԽĿ꣬оԽǿҡ
ĵĺһֱһÿһĺС¡
ǰ棿ַһֹۣ
˸ãƺʲô΢΢һ֣ЩǿĶŵĶַͷǰ·
ǰ⻷½롣
һƬľ£벻Ŀ⡣
·һĺأ·һõ磬ַǰȵͺ
eԴ⾳쿪ڡ
Դ⾳ǞeӳԞe֮֮ڶĞeʹõģǞeԴ⾳Ğe֮⣬ĹԞe֮⡣
ҲҪ֮
ַȻ
ѹֵûջһСرǴ󶯸λ𣬶һ˲
ԭǱһ顮⡯
ȻeԴ⾳൱ضһȴҲǣͨĞe֮ӣĞe֮ȴޱȡ
ԽԽǿǱԽ
ԡַ尵ݡ
ֲԼӦǿңԭѪ˵ıԼҪ̫ѡ뵽⣬ҡҡͷȴǰ׸һ
ԭΪӽ֮ĵ򣬽õԲ
ֿɷӦһ¡ٿ˵˸ͫһѵľ
˵ַ
תͷַ壺㹻ǿʵܷһѣȳ߹
ʲáַԥ
һЦҹȻûˣȷ֮׵ĻҲ˵ˣ

ַȻĿ
ָķǞeԴ⾳
ţֶ֮ˡĿ⾼
Ŀԣַͷã
Ҳ԰䣬漴̤eԴ⾳һŵͬһʽס




1500 eԴ⾳
Ğe֮ˮƬռ䣬ߵĞe֮ˮȻͬ
صصϢȫͬĸоޱߺеһƬȪУַһоeӵÿһ
~~~
e֮ˮ̲ŨܵĹԪԴδȥƶգַ˫ʱһ֡
~~~
ÿһƵĳ֣ǿĹ֮Ӧգͺһ޴Уʱ羨̰Ƭ֮
䣡
ȫȼȫϸѪҺ
Ӵ󾫴ĹԪӿ룬ַȻֱӵĸӦֱ͸꣬ɫмתΪ밵֮μ֮ߣ߸
ǿַ𾪡
ǿĹ֮׳֮Դ֮Դѹơ
Ҳбס
ҹٷѴɣʱʹðħҲûʲô⡣ַĵڞe֮Ҳûа֮Ԫأ޴ʹá
밵档
״̬£֮ͻȻƱؽɣԭⰵ๲һһɽݶΪѪ⣬кɫΪн顣
úɫнˡַȫܸоõeԴ⾳Ĺ֮Լ֮ĺѪƽ¡
֮ƣɫУ֮ƣѪ֡
˺ɫУ֮ƻǰ֮һף鷳ΪƱһɫеĽףֹסΣա
㹻Ŀռգɫнס
㹻Ĺ֮ʹ֮ѪشΡ
ַܿ϶
ۣоı仯ƬeԴ⾳ԣ
һ죬һ졣
壬һʳ磬Ĺ֮澧ҪĶࡣ

ַ⣬ԼҲԸô㹻ʵи߼ƿߣ߹岻ݴǡ
ȻΣҲΡ
߹ַӡ󲢲ĵ԰ֲҲж˵߹ʮ֮˾鷳ˣeӼӿȨ㲻
e壬̫ࡣ

eԴ⾳⡣
ŵɫΣ˫֣֮ʿŹõԴ⾳һ˫ͫⲻֹص֮أǞe嶼еıء
ڞeԴ⾳еÿһŞe֮⣬
ֵôƽһŮӣ㲻ǣҲòˣˮȫֱ治䡣
ƺ죬صĶ֡
Ȼջ񣬾ֵá
ƺһࡣ
˲ã˲ɣһ仰壬ξ߹֮䣬Ҫ
ƺ߹ѶϢȫޣeӲܣǷܱ
ҡͷˡ
תͷƺһۣ߹ĵϵжû´߹ѱ벻ϵ
ڲɱ߹ֻ¶Էͼı
߹üֵһر㽫ǡһЦȻΪŹô
ƺĬˡ
˫ַĳһ
ʵĿãһ춴ܻɱؽʮӢмƿߣѾÿݣȫеš
eӣ޳ߡ
߹֮һeԴ⾳°빦
ףƿȻǺãﲻսһ׶ջ߼ƿߣܴæӪ߹ϣˡ
ƺ쳤һϣɡ
ţeԴ⾳һʱ䣬ܸһϲ

졣
ַeԴ⾳ĵ죬ˡ
Ժɫн׺Ĺ֮ƣҲǽһ֦ɢпÿһƶŸӵĹغͰ
Ĺ֮ÿһ֮ӦȫһΡ
žַȭ
ǿĹ֮֮ѹȥֹƿǿһ档ͬĹ֮ڱ¹ʮ
ֱӵĲࡣ
Ѫ
ǿĹ֮Ѫַܱ֮ǰǿս
ڣӦ߼ƿ˰ɣַ΢΢һЦ⣬ٿر۾һ֮âƬ֮ͬʤ֮ǰʮֹ
δգȫ͡
ַ֪ΪԼ岻ǿ޷ٳܸĹ֮
ųȥͬ°빦ַץʱ䣬״̬£ܿ״̬Ӧ֮



1501 ʱ
ء
̫
ɶȫǷ̫ˣ
ƴˣڶһҪ
ƽϢõٴ⵽ƣɱ۵Ϊ˼ַ֣؞e׼ٽǰһˮϿּؼ衣
Ӿϣһ٣ٶѹء
л
嶯˵һôô
ǰǿ۱eӶϺŵǿߣƾʲô˼Ҷ۵˭ȵǺͻظ޴󡣡

ͨмƿƣػƴһƴ
ǰƵģȴǸ߼ƿߣ
ȫмƿߵʵ
߹ɣһܽصģ˵¾ȥ汱eˡ
ԣҾͲŻһ죬e£
һʱ֮ǳᷴģ֮ǰһ
ûǻڣ
һսʧĺճǿа٣صĶ룬ֻҪػԶ
Ҳû뵽ڲַ֪ѾӾ棬˼á

eԴ⾳
Ƭ֮Ԫأĵַһҫ˵֣ڰȫѹƣˮŹ֮
ַ壬֮
򡣡ַڹ֮֮УɹâǰʥԣԺڰǿ󹥻ڞeԴ⾳С

̲صĺÿһΞe֮ˮУȫ룬һ塣
֮ѳ˹ٷ֮⣬һͬǿ󡣡ַĿƬ֮֮Ǿ̫ϧˡ
򣬺ͱศɵġ
֮ÿͨһ֮ԹĸоգƣһףӶսٶȡ
ԹĸӦΪ֮ѪĽѾͻ
˵ڞeԴ⾳ء
ͻƣ
ַ岢δԪ飬̶̲죬㽫ʥСɾ磬ٷĴɾ磬ֻһ
ʱ䣬ԽԽȣ
ڽeԴ⾳ǰԼʮ£һ£Ҫ뿪eԴ⾳ѾǼޡ
ϾǞeӵıأeԽ롣
Լ룬Ѿƴ
򣡡ַѾޣȴȻͻƣֻôһСȻȴѿ
һˡַ
뿪üޣһοٽ룬Լ֮ıزѰջ˹֮ƽףԼѾ㡣
״ɾ磬ȻǺãӰҲ
һ죬һĹȥ
ֱ
~~ǿϢߴ𵴣Щַۣһţ뿪ˡ
źţʾԼҪϿ뿪Ȼ鷳ˡ
˴ԼѾǸ⿪
ϧʼջǲһ㡣ַ岢δ٣̶һʱҪһطɣǲܵ£˵ȥûš
˵ԼԪġ
ڞe֮Уַ׼뿪ٿǰһһ󲨶ˮҡϸȴޱǿҡ
·ʲôγɣ˾ұ仯
ⲻźţֱַ棬üͷ΢΢һš
źţʲô
ֵĲ𵴣òǡ
~~
ַ˳ŲԴͷѸٸȥ
ƬããУҪԴȪѣʱƫƫȴףַӰǰ޾e֮Ǳһϯһ
С
ݣ̮һոǳƬãã磬ԭûɫʣɫʡ
о䣬˲ʱΪһĹ㡣
С飬ǰֱַץ̲ؼĹ㣬ַ岻ȻʧЦe֮⡣
˵eԴ⾳޽һŹ㣬ʮ꣬һԪ
ѣ
ԼҲײˡ
ֻ˵
⣬Ҫȥ߹ôַȡµĞe֮⣬Ҳԥֱӱǣν۲
~~
֮Ʊ֣ǿҵ𶯣e֮ľʱʼգ̲޾֮Ğe֮⣬Ǟeڶļѡ
ֹǹ١
йʣߣҫ⻷ССһŞe֮⣬ȴ㲻Сڽӣʱ֮ޱַ
e֮⣬Чá
ʱͻƹ֮ʱַĳȣϲʤ



1502 
eԴ⾳Ğe֮⣬ͨĞe֮ྶͥȻͬ
̲µĹ֮ԴԴ⾳ڣÿһŶֵƣ붼ǹεǱΪмƿߣǿΪ߼ƿߡ
Ϊڶ飬Þe߼ƿߡ
ַɣѡٷ򣬴ɾҪͻѡ򣬽Сɾɾ磬ȴǴ´ࡣ
~~
ȫµ壬ȫʥǿַһȭŨĹ֮͸Ź֮໥ӣ֮ǿ
ֹ֮ͬ򣬲ҪȥںϣѾܷӳһһڶ
Ϲ֮Ѫǽ
ӭͷϱһСֱԶԶ롣ʩչħҲ޷ʩչΪ֮ѹƣƾ֮㹻
ҵսڸ߼ƿУҲǲˡַ˫΢΢һЦ
һΣʱ뿪ˡ

eԴ⾳⡣
һɫȻվϺް飬ƽˮԵƺһҧ촽类ա
ߣ˸͵Ğeڣи߼ƿΪһмƿǴ
֪˺ε
࣡㾹ȻǞeӵıأ㣬㣬㡪ˣһߴӵۣǺ죬ûѪܡ
ԣ߸߼ƿҲһŭݡ
ǰ˸صĳϣصʵȨӰ󣬸ϵܡ
³ϣһһеȻ
ʲôе³ŭ߹δհӦΪȣǵΪЩʲô
ҵ⡣
³ҧ⣿Ѳ뽫߹İΣһУ

³Ϻ£㲻ע
һԵƺǵλϣʧƫģϾΪΪ߹пԭڳһ档
ĳ̾һֻ۱һֻʲôϵûв͸ǽȥֹǣض鷳
λϲطգԵһеʵɡ
ڳ̾³һɸ֣һϷ룬û߹ûĹǣ㶼ûˣǿҪɢ˰
䣬Եø˼֡
ƳeԴ⾳£ûҪôࡣ
߹ڱУˣڳϸˣΨǱˣ͸׵л쵽
ˣһоͼࡣ
ΪģֻҪܾȳ߹һжֵã㱻Σ
߹أ
û߹ʲôС
޹أʲôƽźʹݣӞeԴ⾳첽һӰŨ֮
ĳ֣һǳƬ
ַ壡һԿĳַı仯
ࣿ³üͷ
ڳϷ׷״ַ壬Ŀⲻʱɻ
춴ࣿ
ַͷſ˫֣˾eԴ⾳ǿ룬޹أҪץץֻҪ͡
ƺ˲ʱһ䡣
³˫Ǵȣˣ͵eӵץʱ䣬мƿ߳彫ֱȡַ塣
ַ壬δ
Ҳ뿴eԴ⾳һºַ壬ʵôı仯
ɲʱ䡪
~~˹ַ֮ӿûκαҲҪκαЩмƿûһʵʤ֮ǰصľӢ
Ϊ
߳
ؼѪַ岢˵ǿߣɵĹٷ໥ںϣ͸֮б
䣡
ַ˲Ĺɨǧһмƿδѱٶȼĵȥ׷ɨ˺󷽣¶ɫ
ÿĹ³Ͼ̾
ÿµСС۾ֱַ塣
ǿĹ֮ĳ̾
ַ࣬˲ʱڳϵע⡣
Щĳϣ˼׼Ǽ츳˵ţδһeһˣӵ츳ʡ
£
³һ֣ղŵмƿߣһɢַ˫Ҳףڪzϻ굶ʱ֣Ѫ
֮٣
ѩ



1503 ѡǶԵ
мƿߵһء
³Ϊ׵İ˸߼ƿһ𾪣ǰ࣬Ϊ֮𺧣һ춴ӵսΪƿأ
еκһȷڶмƿߣַôɣôݡ
ʵǿֻҲЩǿ
ڳ֮ͫɫ֡
ȷǷ˽档
˵һѡ񡭡
ǶԵġ
ϲ֡¶һĨЦݣղֵǵ˵ƭ˵ģеĳ붼ѹַϡ
ַջ磬ʵ˾޴ͻ֤֮ǰѡǶԵġ
ڵַ壬ʵֻѲ¡
лַ˵
ղŷһо۵ףeԴ⾳˵ֻǲĿڳϣַоһţ䡣
š
eԴ⾳Ӳ룬޹أ֪顣
ǿͨңʵϣ޷
ַɫݡ
Ŀɨˣ䱻ڶƿΧȴܵ˵ͷַ漴ȥΧŹԪ
ڞeɫٱ䣬ɵ־ĺˣóһ·
˸ҧĿֱ죬ȴ·̣仰Ҳ˵ȷΧɱַ壬ƾַ֮ܽɱ
أֻҲʧء
ܻѹ᧿Σپκη紵ǡ
ܿܲͨСС꣬ǿ꣡
һɱַ壬ؽܴ١
ǿܼڶ࣬ǿҲֻƣڱ߽֣̤ذ벽ΪǱeӵĹء
ַ壬ȴࡣ
ڞe֮˼ɣʲôʲôԲ±ͨͣΪڞeо࣬һeضɱ֣顣
ԣַͨͨ˵ʵû
̤̤
ַĲ̤ÿһeУһɫҰףȴ˸ۼַ첽ߣ֮
̤
ַվ
ȻǵԴ⾳Իỹǡַ£漴ȥڞeһȻ֪ʲô˼

߽⡣
취ŭŤȥص
ɱô֣뵱ʲô¶û
ŶûУ
ŭ
ܻ֮˴ζ֮սһ׾ٵս£뵽ݱ棡
һսȷĳ죬شء
֮ȴܲʹʧ
ʧֻǻ춴࣬ͨƿߣʧģȴӢмƿߣ
ߣᲢۡ
һ뵽ŭ졣
ԭƲǻ춴Ğe壬֪һھӢ±ɱ뱨𣬽鷳ʱ򣬶Էȴˡ
ұƬӰӶ
ӵļ죡
ҿӵʲôʱ򣡡¶Ъ˹
񣬽ȥ֮ܵģɲǺڵģʵǿĶࡣһ뵽ŭģǼ䣬͵Ĵ˸
ң
Ұҳ
ţٿظоһǿϢĽ٣ɫʱһ䣺ǿĹ
ͷǰҽ
ѪȾ˞e֮ˮ
ԶһŨ֮Ϣ˲ϢĲǺڪzϻ굶һѹϵ뵶ַĻ춴ʮֳԣ
䲻ڪzϻ굶뵶ҲǼƷսҪַµĹ֮
ڪzϻ굶ǰϵսַʹù֮֮ȫᱻѹơ
ڣȴϣ
䣡
֮غϣ֮Ƶǿַʩչѩδȫ򵶷Уƾٵ֮ǿԸķԴ
һչ־ս
ô£ɫ䣬ˣðһ࣡
ǿĵ
ǵֵ
߼ƿߵʵӹɣһֱ۱һ飬ǿ׳ţҲַŤðɡ
࣡ŭǻ
Ϊ߼ƿߣԲһͨ࣬צ罣ѸٺǿȻַ岻ֹǿӦٶȸ졣
ٷʩչٶȡͷӦǿ
οַǿ
һһ䣬ٴδ·硣
ͻƺս֮ȥǿַ࣬໥ڣԹ֮Ѫַ£ԽԽ
ս⣬ʧ
ַǿȫѹƣԴ⾳ַ壬սʤ
ַܿ콫նɱ
ǿϾֻͨĸ߼ƿߣʵǿҲޡ
ΧһȺм߼ƿȫɵۡ
ˣ


1504 ڴ
ǿĿɿڴ
ͻȻ֪ðһ࣬ôɱˣظ߼ƿ߲࣬Ҳ٣ʵϵȡ
ڣȴһ춴ɱ
ʲôʱǿˣ
߳߳
δǷӦַչɱ¾
ɱֻǿʼ»ڞeȺףɱʹ졣ԭʹ㻹һ飬Ƿ¡
Ͼ߹أȻܰͰ
ô˵ֲĿǰ˶ݣоס
ǲɮ濴档
䣡¡¡~ַĹ֮κλڣһe캰أȴûκá
һɱӰ

ػвٞe飬Ҫ֯ƣĞeʵ࣬ɱƾЩϺз
ֻķݣ
ַĹɱиճʵ뵶մѪȻַɫȴƽޱȣɱһɱЩмƿߡ
ֻѡ
ʵ̫࣬
ӣַһʱռŲƱʩչ
δҪȫɱصĞe壬һΡȴҪһġ䡯뿪ǰѻѹס
ɱ

㲻ʩչħûɱġ
ļ죬ַȫ׷ɱصĞe壬һɱһֱƬ߽ɱѪ˲ء
һκ֮ǰַͬɱ¾ĿĶΪ
Źκһ؞e壡
Ҫɱĵѣ
ȥ滢
ˣģˣ
ƴˣģ浱Ǟe۸ǵһţһصĞe壬ӵӡ
Ƭ߾ڶ̶̼ڱ㱻ַݺɨһ顣
أش
ֻԼҲ벻νѹССһأȱ仯ǿȫǱɱʧء
ˡ
Ҫѻǿ鷳ˡ
ַ֪
⼸ʱûϵɱ¾ﲻܶǱɱжʵ᲻
´ģֻǿ
ԼԶ֣
ʵͻƺַģҪǶ׹ĻȴһҲûС֪ʵжǿ
ֹǸ߼ƿߣǽӽ׺ƿߵǿ
ͬǸ߼ƿߣʵ޴

뻢෴ģһƬڵء
ۼرش߾޻صĞe֣бжˬˡڰǴ£ܰĵ
ڳϴʱǶַóϷֺòѡ
ڣȱľַӵǿߣǣء

ַ壬ȴˡ
׼ˣʵ
ַţߵġ
΢Цͷ˫ֳǣҲΪ롣
סַ
ͷô˵Ҫл㣬æȶƣ֮˾ӣһʱ䲻ǡ
ַЦǵĿ꽫תƵϡ
eսսԼԼ
ڞeɱһڞe壬Ǿǳƣ̵ȥƱǲǿ׷ɱԼʵֻǿ
ԼνΪϡ
Լͻ뿪Ƭ
ǰeӵģeƼڣѰ߹䣬ڻءҪҾɵҸʹɣڰ֮УǸҵ
һˣĿôǵ
ַͷһڣ߾ߣߣ˶˷ڡ
ðɡʶַʵͷϵҶѸ֪㣬ԼСģʵǧǿ
һ˼ƶ̣˼Ƴǿ顣
ַЦЦ֪ˡ
ƣĿӾڲ֮С
ַӻ֣뿪

뿪ǰͰֲСһźһУַ巽ŰģΪΪףһϣֲܵκ鷳
뿪
ַѡһٽߣ뻢֮ƽࡣ
˻أûҪ
£Ҫ
e򡭡ַૣкڴǰeѵ񻢺ıȱȽǣ㲻ʲô
ֹгм߼ƿߣн׺ƿߵĴڡ
ǿ
ô˵ҲϱeӵǿˡַһЦҲ⣬ԽǿԽ̼Խս
ûʲôһ޷սʤġ
ڴ



1505 e
ַǰe
Ǳeӵģѱeӱһ޴ĵ۹أı֮أeΪڡ
ӵıe
УƱeԴ⾳ıز춴ڱeֻͨڣΨкƿ߷㡣
֮Ը˶ġȴȨɢeӴҡ
һΪ޵Ķƣսĥ֮أΪeǿǿ޾صķѡ
ţԲһ㡣
e಻ͬǵѪڞeӣe֮Ӿeޣżɱߣռݵı΢΢
e壬ƿѰҵڶ顣
ټѣһŞe֮ʹﵽ߼ƿߣҪѰҵڶ飬Ϊǽ׺ƿ߱زٵġ
Ğe֮⣬ֻڱeӵС
ԣeڱe޿ȡ
Ҫ뱱eѣҪ¶ݡҲѣʵǸ⡣ַгڞe֮У˼
ԼսǿǱ̬߼ƿߡ
ҲͱȾѷɫࡣ
ҪȥѰ߹䣬ίʵЩǿҪȴ̫ΣգeӶֹ룬˵eˡ
Ϊѡ
ΨһһˡַҲû취
˵ͱǺܴ󣬵ڱeȴΡ

ء
Щ׵Ļŭɼ
һС¶ãʲôã
ŭ쳹ڴУˮѣΪ߼ƿе̳ʵӹɣĸ߼ƿûһΨС

źɫף¶ɫƬɫ䷺࣬ȴķɫȻĿŻͷ·Цһ㡣
ǻصĞe塣
߹Ļͳ졪࣬дַ弰ֲһ˵ġ
춴ࣿмǻصĸ߼ƿҲ̫ˣһ춴඼ܲͷϡ
ǳ鶯ǽͣ϶ʵȻô
͵Ϊַ壬ǵҽӴģʵһ춴࣡Լˣǲ
ɴ۾ŭࣺ㣡
ô˵һƵ
飡
˲ʱѿһֻͶһϢ絶ўe֮ˮΧڸ߼ƿǵֵΨȻ̧ͷŻ
ˣҶΪ£νһӯṲ̊һɫԸе֣ˡ
Ըе촽΢΢Ůӷӭɫ˵鷳̸򡣡
ͻԽһ
ö˶˵ô£üͷһ
ǰһֱ˳ôҲЩǺͽš
ŮüëһЦЦôʲôȥȥָʹ൱ͻʵǿҲΥŵ֡
ΪǴߵң£֡
ǡͻ漴Ӧ

eУַһ·С
ϲٞe壬ƾȴһ·ͨ裬δκ㲻٣Ȼгۣ䶯
ǰ棬Ӧþ߽硣ַĿ档
e൱֮صİ򱶣ڻءоǿҵϢǿҡ
Զʱܼһe弲ٸ·ĿԼһģһ
̬Ğe壬eĞeģιͷ綷ģɵģҲлġ
ӵеڶ飡
ͬĵڶ飬ͬͲͬò̬e̬Ϊǿ̬̫ࡣ
ǞeߵȵĶ࣡
ԣӵеڶĞeѡͬòΣƫ塣
ַӽe
ԽeԽ࣬飬ƬźƿʵĞe壬ǧ֮Ļ춴࣬ȫǡ࡯
eȻͬ졣ַ循̾
ĺƿ֮࣬⻹ֻǱɽһǣ¶ݣ·ӡ
ˣ~кַתͷһ洺İ꣬Ųٺƿӣ⡣
Ҳǻ춴ࡣ
áַҲк
һ·ټ춴ࡣЦ֪λֵҲǰμӱeʢ᣿



1506 
eʢ᣿
ַ΢΢һȴǴδҡͷ̽ѵġ
뱱e򣬲С
⣬̲鼫ϸ
ʵλа취ڱeҲȷѡ
ƳȺƵãƺҲ߹ĵϵֻ߹һأƳƵ˱e
ԭˡȻһ˫͸ַͫͣϣ̾ѣֵĵڶ˲ã֪Ժδ
򡣡ַָǰ
δ˵Ҳ˵Ƽˮꡣ
ȻͷҲûɣϾĵڶ鶼ԱeeӵĵОe֮ء
ʵڻ춴࣬ʸûС
ΨкƿߣǿվȽŸ
Ǳeǿ߾ۼ֮أ
ãҽЇ󡣡
Ʒ塣
ַ˻
գǱeձҲϣΪe֮ƼڹգһЩӣԻᱻա
ϡ֡Щƫš
ꡮ˫ַ壬ûκα仯ٿȵ㲻ʶң
ӦҪʶôַҲǺ档
ꡮһ㶣漴ЦǵǣûƷֵӦǵһν뱱eɣ
ַš
ҲЩˡ
ĿȻֺֻ˵ϡ󡣲ʶǲʶҲûʲôˡ
΢΢һЦҲѣƷǰɣҼסˡ
ʹ˰ݱԵټ
ַӦá

ַǰС
Լӡǻ춴࣬ϢؼԼָоʵδػѷɫԼ
ǷǱ
Сe壬eصַĵԼ֮ǰֻغͻأڡС
eǴӾ˳
ģģԷھȣصĞeﶼûУeǿ߻ûб
Լ࣬һףսǱѰ
e֮󣬺ƿǿǿ֡
֮У򵥡ַаڴ˳Ⱥܿǽ߽׼ȡԼͨٿطָҪ
֮⣬δκ
ֹԼÿһe嶼ܡ޼ɵ룬֮ǰȫͬ
ô£
һҲ
ַðһʺš
̫֣
ٿ֮ǰ˵ġʢᡯΧ֮ĺƿߣַҲǸȥƺeأʢйء
룡
ŨĞeϢַ֮һ
򣬲ɷǷ߸ߴe粨ңǞeıء
أ֮ȣȫֵһᡣ
ѹОe嶼򶨾ӡַĵﲻֹ֮ıأͨĵ˲ͨɼһ㡣
ȥƳƵã顣ַ岢
߹һʱҲá
֮󣬺ҵĴһôҲûС
Ľ·ϣ洦ɼƿߵĳַ֣о̾ڻؼΪ⣬עĿȴǺͨ
ͻصżʡ
򣬵ڶ鼫ࡣ
Ӧߡַóͼȶһ£漴ȥĞeҲԽԽ࣬һҴҵģһȥ
ţַҲǺ档
óͼһַ˫ǰķ򡭡أ
أͨһչؿɺƿ߰أأͿɽ뱱eϡƼ
˵е
ȻΪԷǱѰûҪҲǿЦģʱɥ
ӿأĪǷʲôַк棬΢΢ԥ漴ƿһطȥ
ƳƵֲߣһȥҲ޷
˵ġʢᡯйءַૣμ۶ΧϢԽԽܼԽԽǿһƿߵĞe嵽
أѹѹһƬս̡
̤
ַͣ½Ųǰ纣¥ĺɫؿᵲǰһͷɫľתʨԣ
ǰһƿ߻ɫ䣬ִսǹОe֮⡣
ĺƿߣʮ򡣡ַ
ʲôġʢᡯܻ㼯˶ĺƿߣ
ţַٿ֮һݣԶ΢΢죬ȻʧЦ



1507 ʢ
ԶŸոշֿİꡮ΢ЦԼ֡
ַЦŴк漴˹ȥ
ּˣƷֵܡЦ
ǰû뵽ôˡַĿһɨ򲢲̫ƿ߶ۼһΨΧһҲûС
ǱߣֻǱĻ
֤ݣǵС
Ʒֵδȥ̽ѣʵ
ַ򣬱һǿ߶ҲǺ棬˹
ЦƷֵܵʵϵĺܡ
ַҲһЦ֮ģڽ֮Ƿ˵ġʢᡯ
ͷǣǰe֮ƼһѶϢټкƿ˵һʢἴȫյġ
⼸ʮƿֻһ֡
֪μʢĺƿߣԭĺƿߣԼΪ֮ڡ
ƿߣ
ַꡣ
¾ۼeӵǿߡ
ֻ
δἰַ尵ԣȫ֪ûɶ©أбԵɡ
ѶϢطǱء
ֻߡң
ַüͷ΢ء
ãѸ˼ƽһܣʱôҪ
ʇ֣ʢᡭʲôַʵ
˫ţ΢΢һЦƷֵʶˣڳ99%ĺƿ߶㣬Ψ֪һ
ʢᣬ¹رe֮Ƽֻ˵
¹λ
أᡣ
ַ֮Ȼһ˫Ǿ
e֮Ƽ

ɯ
ϼһͷڵĳŮ࣬ϵϼ΢΢˫ֽš޳ָҰ޵צ

e֮ƼУΨǴʵǿѴﵽ߼ƿ۷壬սȽ׺ƿߡ
ʵԽǿҰԽ
һıȡλֶΣΪƼڸм̳λľĹŹĿԶ
עһͨλeԺֱƼ
Ļ£ֱɱϲһ˰ˣоԹ⡣
һ֮ʣɽվ档
һ˱Ͼѳ£ԻeԺȻԷڡ뵽ȫƼǸ׳нӲǰһʢᡯ
eӵĺƿߣʹþȫʧء
ҵ뿴ϲˣʲôСʺһһĨѪâƼʵǿƼ
eӣǿΪ
οǱe֮ҲΪΪȻܱeԺǯƣȻǿӲȨ˶С
ҪôƶɽΰΣը
һһģǴұ۰ʵڱeУǰʮλ
ţס䡣
eԺˣƿش룬ԲƼǽߣƼˣʲôС
ǡƶɽӦ

⣬ۼĺƿԽԽࡣ
ȥ飬ôĺƿߴڡתһַҲȻeǰǿߣֻ֮һΪƿߣĿҲ
οe˵ƽ࣬ûôսƿֳһһۻĿȻɹۡ
ַ͇š
Ȼ߹ȴƽ׽ˣֻߺټͶԵֲηݵĞe塣ַһûһĴӇ̽ѶϢջ񲻷ơ
˴˲δԷݣҲûҪ
Ƽˮ꣬ĵӡ
ڳҲˡâһ
ַ˳ŇĿȥһ͹죬ɫ׿ǵġ⬴ף·ܲ͸磬Ϣȫڣ㤿ɲ
ԶԶܣܸоĿս
eʮǿ֮һַ尵ݡ
ǸղŇġڳ桯ԷƣĲֹeʮǿ֮ǰѾδ¶ĸ֪ж١
ǿ߶Ľɼ˴Ρʢᡯ֮¡ء
ַиڴ
ССһ춴Ʋʲô˻͇һֻǵĴո֣eӵĺƿǿ߻һãʢ
ʱ䣬š
۷׷ףǿߵθڶǱ
ַĿתĶǰٿغ¡һ죬ֱϿƿһѷ죬ռǱe֮ˮһУӰ첽
ǿϢ٣˲ʱ
ϢȻͬ



1508 
һβ͵ߣ谵˫ͫʹһɫּףźɫ磬߲ߣ̤˷֮ϡ
һĺˣȴǿλϢ˲С
Ǳe֮Ƽ
߹ĸס
ַ尵ݣĿһɨ
߼ƿߣΪ׵һɸߣ¼ʵƸըһ㣬˫ȭһ˫ն˫ͫ·û꣬ûκθ顣
eʮǿ֮һɽַһ۱ϳ
ЩѶϢ֮ǰ̽ģڱeӣԸö˽һЩվڽ˵ĳǿߣַǺ档
˴ʢᣬȷʵȺ㼯
ȡƼؿһɫԵøǲ԰ףϵļ΢΢âһ£ʹͷ­̧
һ˫ͫȻ޹⣬ޱ顣
䵭ȻĿɨأžǿԲκԽ֮ģǰĺˣǱeӵǿߡ
Ծʵʶe֮
ž
ƼĿٿͣʵ⣬һǿ߷׷˳Ŀȥƿһԣһ¥ǰֳһɫӰ
¥ǰۡ
ͶʮƣӶǱ׼ӣһͷںڵͷƽᣬˮɵĶϹһ
ͨۡ
ȻĶͷм䣬ȴһεİ׹⡣
⣡Ǽ⣡ȻҲˣΧ龪֮̾𾪣ַ˫ֱΪ⡯ꡣ
eʮǿߡ
ʮǿ֮ϣǿߣ
ÿһǽ׺ƿߵĴڣ֮һ
ڞeӣӵʱ˺ͣƷĵڶ飬ܴﵽͨƿ߶ġҪٽһΪ׺ƿߣѱȵ졣
ΪǞeȫµΣԽǱ
Ǽ⡣ַǼ漴򱱞e֮Ƽˣʵһ㡣
ⲢδκϢ¶ڞe֮Уۡ
ȴһۿ
ַս
ͷӣŪˣлֱ˵ɡվǱ˳Ҳ󷽣дɢ˵
ͷӣ
ںƿ߿Цãôƺe֮ģҲֻмˡ
Ƽȴǰ㲻ҲδشĿɨһ԰׵͸ͳ˻ƣˡ
̶ֵĿףΪ֮һԡ
ǼҲüͷԡ
ϴشս˥ϣѻָ
Ƽϣʵʮһѳе𱱞e֮˷ټǣΪ˴¡ұe˲űʤλߺֹһ
Цͷòλôװɣ
Ƽ𻰣ڳλʸʶeֻ֮Ҫ㹻ǿʵǿߡ
ұeֻǿߣʵǿͳ췽ǡ
ҿ飿
ͳ·ȴ͸һᶨ
ҪǣƼ̫䶯
ַҲһ
νġʢᡯǺ˼ԭƼټeӵĺƿߣΪѡӰˣ̳λ
µİ˾Ųʮ
νġʢᡯҲȷʵ
~~
ڞeʱը˻Ƽίʵ̫䶯ʲôʵǿͳ죿Ҳ˵ѪֻҪʵܳΪe֮ͳУ
ǿǱe֮
ƹeӣȨһ
Ļᣬ
ǿߡ⡯ͫΪ֮Ķڳǿ࣬ʵǵ֮ǿǸΣܶΪвģ֮١
˵ģͷĿ档
ԡ
һΣƼӦˡ
شĲֹǼ⣬ÿһeеʡ
ĵؿֻҪͨȫĵؿ㽫Ϊεıe֮Ƽ߹ƻ̧ͷأֻһ
Ӯ
ӮС
ܱҪǳŵȫκοģԸģҲǿ˳
Ȼ䣬ڞe١
ַһʱҲЩȻ
ˣ
ȥһ˰ˣ¡ƺȤĶ࣬㲻ᱱe֮λãôƿ̨ͬĻȥң
Ʒ֣ΣЦʵ
ҵʵƽƽλûϣոҲַЦо
ͷҲôġ
ӶЦ˽Ϊ춴̬࣬ƽ⣬ǿıȱȽǣҪͻΧǼ¡



1509 ݴ
Ƽ֮ԣһƬ
һԭμӡʢᡯĺƿ޲ȴڵ̫̫ˣe֮λãǿe߷壡
֮ϣͳeӣ
еľ󲿷֣ûⱳûǿѪֻͨĞe壬ӵеڶҲı䲻ʲô
ڶڻ춴ԺԺƿ˵ǡ
ˣ̫ˡ
e֮λô
ĵؿܳΪµıe֮
ٵĺ˷ܽŵĳУһe죬ȫͻĵˣȷʵǿҶǺƿߣ˭ҲΪԼȥ
οĵؿ
սģҲʵǿһ
ϲϣ
ϻõ˵ô
ƴˣôþͶһΣһʲô
ӮУܳΪe֮
ڞeһˣоѪɫ˷ͣʵǿߣû˭ܾܾ˱e֮λջ
ĸe壬վڞeӵĶˣ
eʮǿеĽӣڳ棬Сļ⣬һڳĞeî˾ͫ¶ޱȵĿҰġ
Ψ
һɫࡣ
׳н
ǣıһѣ
ϵԭΪƾƿ֮УƼ⶯ƶɽȡƼȴeӵĺƿߣеҰġ
棬ƿء
˵Ѿȫʧأ
ϲģҧ飬ķףϵķв޺ŭ⡣
ٿ֮һ͵תͷһڵ¡
࣬ǧɽڣһڡġȻ鲢ޱ仯о⣬ɫֹ࣬ס
һʯ
Ƽ˼ƲֹǸ׳нǼ֮ƣ
ңԴѡֹģǿʵͨĹվϱe֮λõǿߣʵڣeضŷ
~~ɫֱ䣬߼֮Ƕס
ɫƣԹ֮ɫ֣Ҳͨ壬ŭѸ˼Բߣʵݣλ㴳ĹأҲδػe塣
嶯ŭκ⡣
ƣϲ˭Ц󣡡ҧϺɫ¶

e֮Ƽȴûаɫ仯һ㡣
˥ƺʱҪ£ʹͷ­ͫ谵񣬵ȴȻؼʵһؿǰء
Ϊ꣬ؽΪسɹ
ңȺǡ
Ȼ
ƬлԶԶe֮ƼȥӰʧеѷ紵˿ڰϣ·ʲôûһȴ˵ʵ
ǰȺƿ׷ÿ
أͺһͷ˯ľޣһֿ¶ǿѹɭϵ֮˭Ҳ֪浽ʲô

գ
ֻߡֻǻ˵ģ
˭Ҳ֪ʲô˭Ҳ֪ڻжΣգֲ
˭Ҳں
ڞe´ΧмȽּɵΧĺƿ߿˵ѣͬ飬Ǿ֡
λֻһ
ءƵͫ¶֮ɫںƿߵǽȥɣıǰ̡
ںƿһ漴׵л
ϹӰ漴ʧԭćʱ˹˾
ַһ
ЦκεڱeλǰֵһᣬڹؿΪʱܳΪˣɱ
䵽ʱûͻ֮ǰҺþۺɢ˵԰ɣƷ֣
ַͷ
󿴵ĺ͸
λֻһעһɱͲġ
֪Σգֻȥַ
󲻴ЦƷֲҲô
ӶЦڲ֮С
һǿΣվǸƲǿߣΪΣŻ
ַԣeλûҲֲ룬ǿĞe̫ࡣ
ʢ᲻ݴ
ҵİмƿߣȸ߼ƿߡַĿһɨ
׼μλᣬĹصĺƿߣӦڰ֮
ͺڳ棬ȱeʮǿûıȣͼǿ߸޴󣬵ڰǿǵһ㣬ϱһ㡣
ȡʤ㣬Աࡣ
Ʒǲ⣬ҽͬУ΢Ц
áַһЦ
ʵɲ⣬ݸأ˫ȫġѡǲ



1510 һؿ
ʲôʱȥʵ
˵ַĿɨ̶ʱ䣬ѾeȲĴ֮УΪ˺
һЦƷֵǽ
ַeֻ֮涨ʱ֮һһ룬󣬳ǴҪꡣ
ֿԺС
ϾǵһؿҪʱ䣬Ѷȿ֪ƿ߽ʱʣ٣
ˣҲ谲ĸؿôˡ
ͷƷֺ벻ıϣ󲿷ֵĺƿδǴȴܿͻȱ̭ĺƿߣڵΣգٽ벻١
ַޣͷ
Լˣ⡣
ݵλۣһЩƿ߿̽ϢѡѾеһƿ߽أźܿͻһ󲿷ֱ̭
ĿɨƿƺҲƵ⣬ĵȴš
ʱ꣬˷һСʲô

ǰͺ̡
Աe֮ƼϢܿ촫򣬵һe󣬺ܿڶeҲʼ½룬ĺƿߡ
ַ͇Ȼڵȴߺܶࡣ
˭ҲɵóȻж̫Σա
һ죬ƽ˾
ڶ죬һֹĞeѰ಻ס
죬ѾһС֞eֱӴء
죬졭
ʮȥĞeһ롣
һ¹ȥĞe롣
ºʣʮ֮һ
º
Ҳȥɡüͷһأ̾ܣˮ©Щ̭ĞeӦʱˡ
ǻġַ
Ϊʲôס
ַʧĞe岻㱱e֮ȨٴҲ޷ǿпôƿߣһֻ¡
Ҫأ
ַ嵭ȻЩʧĺƿ߱ȻĴպޣ֧αe֮ƼҪô̫ˡ
Ȼ޵ƷֹȻϸ
ַǫҲֻǴԹ⣬ʵܸӣҡ²޾ԡ
ʵַ֤Ĳ²ȷġ
ӵ½кƿߴгϲѣʩչȥѯʣЩ̭ĺƿʧ䣬кܴһֶǳƿߣʧԤ¡
ͼּɵݣ֪޲ԡ
ڰޡ
աƽ
ַ⡣
Ӧþˣӵгƿսĺڰޣмƿ߶ܱ̭
ַؼӦþաƽˡ
ͷѶɣҪҵƽͲףҵҪܽػߣ뿪Թƣƿߣؿ̭ųɡ
ַš
ڰ޵Ѱƽͷۣһƿ߶һͷڰ޷ͥһ֧š
ƿߣľǳƿߡ
ǣҲ̭ġ
ǽȥɡ
áַӦʡ
֪֪ˣսԵһ˽࣬ĺͰࡣ

̤
ַ͇ܿ롣
һƬڵ磬Բµǳ¹ɢӳƬضص磬ɫĹâ죬ľ׷͸Ŷ
Ѱƽ
УƽʮصϷһƣԵҲңֻضһ磬̫
ټﵽкڰεѹС
֪򣬵ҲϹӹӣŷΨǳһѰңҪҵƽû취ֻܿ
ԣһؿŻʱɡ
ǻڵù궼ҲƽַĴɨӡ
һһңͷѰ١
غܴУδҵe塣
˵һЦЦ
ַվԶǿɲ㵹ùսϺڰˡ
֮ǰַҲǺܺ棬жصڡ
ơԡ͵ޣ
ڵۼ׸ȫɺͷ¶ͷ΢΢¡ļǴǿѹֱɱ൱ٶȴʵ̫
ַһ粽˲Ϣɫԣצ͵һӡ
߳һɫֱӱһΪ
ɾ١
ร۾ԾͬʱַĴָƷֺǿĵ磬ñ뺷ս
ַһЦҲ
ֻȥɫޣַٿһ˫
ʲô



1511 ڰ˫
һںڵӣʵģء
ַ۲һ£̲Şe͞e֮ȴûıȣҲ۲һҡҡͷûʲôá
šַͷ漴
ţܱȲúá
кɫ٣ǰɫַ࣬ռһʮź飬ŻõһŰ顣
ɫ޵ʵȺɫǿַ岻⡣
еİ飬ͬûκ⣬ɫͺ鲻֮ͬ⣬
Ǳ߇Ҳ̯̯֣ʾⲻס
ʵЩƿߣɫ޶δ˵֪ʲôô
eһ磬ͬһ硣
ͺ飬e֮һһǴ塣ַ弲ٻצٶȼ죬ֻܿɱһͷɫޣ롣
ûã֮ûá
еʱ䣬ء
Щ̭ĺƿߣĲرɽһǣǶǵһ̭ģʵĽûþͱ̭ˣʵ΢ǿҲͼ˼죬һ¶
ԣ̭Сͷн²뿪

ÿһ죬ն
һ£ַն15088ź飬1010Ű顣
ڶ£ַն17702ź飬1251Ű顣
£ַն20125ź飬1504Ű顣
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࣬Ĵ洢ѷֹɡ
Ʒֿçײʵϸ糾ַģи̾ѣէһᱻԻ
µദַۼߡ
ַ΢΢һЦҲ·ֻ»ǻ
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Уʧ
ƷԣͰȳ֣֮
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ֹջ࣬ҡҲı15:1ѽӽ10:1ַ١
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ַ˴أֱӱ㷢𹥻
ֻǳƿ߶սַ͇ɲκвַֺܿһצ飬һâʧ
ͺڰ޲ͬػߵûкͰ飬ֻһ͸Բַ̣͇һۣ˲Ϣס
ȡͰ飬ʱ䡪
~~~
͸ԲŹϷֳͼɫȡɫȡȡΪ٣ûһ㽫ַ͇µնյһɶ
10飬1飡ַ
~~~
͸Բʵ̫࣬״һ壬˲ʱʧУڽâһ֮š
ԭǵһءַ͇ӶЦס
ˬʶЦ̤УӰһţַ֮ٿؽŲһ٣֮ͣǰ˫
ԼΪض
ùһأԼ˵νˣΪ˼뿪
ߵȴʱ䣬һ궼ַ֮֮ţȥδԥ漴˳֮⡣
~~
ǰɢ纣¥㲻̸Ͻػߺ֮ţ֮ǰϿһΣȻɢ
뿪ֻʣԼһˡ
ַȻһЦν
һؿѶȲߣ뿪ķԼҲ֪ʱ뿪ֻ¡ҵ10ź飬1Ű顣
ʮҵڶַһЦ

ٴ̡
йһξ飬ַ·һ˺ûʲôֻͬɱڰ޵ٶһ㡣
תۣĸ¹ȥ
Ϊظջ֮ǰʢĶ࣬ȸսʱڰնѷǰ飬ջﵽ8:1ı
ˡַ΢΢һЦ
ڴ10飬Ѿ1š
ٿأǰǰһʵʵĽųַ֣΢΢ǰϤĳ棬ƽٴγ֣ʱ׹
ԭַȻ



1512 ʮƽ
ƽֵܼ򵥣ǾǴ101顣
κһ룬ûãΨ߶ﵽſԣַٴνƽǰ׹ǿĽػ֣߳һ˫ͫһַ巢𹥻
߳
צһӣ֮٣
ѹԵĵ磬ʹַɾĽܡ
սѹƣ
ٴջԲ̣֮ǰûʲôͬһַ彫ֱС
ΪһȡͰ飬Ȼͻữ֮ţڽ֮ϣֱ뿪Ļͻȫ˷ѡ
ַԲΪ̽Ѱܡ
һ뿪
ʧƶ˵Ľַɻ΢΢
ĿΪʲôʮַüͷأһʱҲ벻ף仰ܱŤΪʲôһ׼ȷ֣ʮ
ĵţǾ֮£ȴʵš
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ɡַһǰС
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뼫ǿ֮һ
ϵ硣
ʵվڱeӶ˵ǿߣԲʢ¡ÿһ㹻ʵʸλǷȱֻһᣡ
ϵȼڵһؿ˵𲢲Ǻܴ
ʮƽԭˡϵһЦ
ʵǿһָģǻۣȴ顣
ɲǼ䣬һɫâӰ漴ʧ

ꡣ
ʱޣһꡣ
Բ޹ءַҡͷѾռ100ź10Ű飬ʮԲ̣ԭΪʮʮԲйء
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ĿĵĴ̽ѰţڰɱľҲѾı൱֮ߣӽ3:1
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ƺûʲôô
ؼһڡʮϡ
ܡʲôط©ˡַܸ֮оʲôطǺӵģȴһֱ벻ϵĻɱڰޣϵջڰ˫飬ܶʼ
ֱ
~~ǰһγƽַǼֲ֡
֤ڵĺѾ110ţڰ顭Ѿ11ˡ
ԇߺػǽʮƽռʮԲ̣ȴʲôöûУȵʱ޽ҲֻܿһȻ뿪ͨؿ
ƺ⼸һУֻǰù
һʲôûֵġַҡҡͷп϶
ʮƽʱޣûɵġ
һ߰ૣһ߽ƽ
ػ߸һ֣㱻ַβ˲ʱһӣֱӻɱʵȳƿ߶Ľػߣ޻֮
͸ԲʱУַջأٿ֮һ˫˸
Բ̣ƽ
䣡
Դһַ˲ʱ˫йâʱ佫ԲȡǰʮһԲ̣һģһ
˿̣Ȼʣ
ÿһԲ̣֮ţһƽ
ʮԲ̣ġӦʮ֮ͬţַѸ𣬴ϲȡڰ˫飬ֱԲ֮С
Ѹ֤뷨
ȻԲ̵֮ƽпͨڶؿ
һ֮ţδǣ
ַ¶Цݡ
ԭǡʮƽַݸЦڰ˫Բ̣ܿĵ֮½
~~~~~~
ʮ֮ţ
ÿһ֮ţȻͬģַȡʮһԲ̣ڰ˫Ƕ룬ǰٿҫʵĹâҰ
һޱȾ޴̫֮š
ʮ֮ŵĸװ㣬ֹ޴ȹҫȫǣ̲̫֮ʲôںţһ¡
⣬ǵʮһƽ
Ψͬʱʮһ֮ţŻֵĵʮһƽ
ַ̤ͫŹ漴̤롣



1513 ˮ
Ǟe
һν룬Ի1ˮ
ĽˮڞeлһҪıϵڶ𣬻ˮɵľܱߡ
ַ˫
ǰһĴָС״ˮ¶һĨЦݡ
⡮ˮкãһصƽ⣬Լ֮ǰ²ʮƽȻڡ
eַૡ
͞eйô
´һв⣬Ψǰɽˮ߸ߴַˮǰȥǰˮƳɵĞeƣˡ
ˮǰһ˵С
ǰˮһ͸ɫţִַһεĵȴǽ֮⡣
ţ
ַ֮һĿ͸ɫϷһˮ״ϸС׶
ҽˮԭڡַЦЦΨһһˮ͸ɫȱ֮Уʱù룬ˮ
ٿأžһʧ
e
ĽˮڞeлһҪıַԺиֳ֮ǰǲϵȻһЦ
ԭԼһˮڰ㲻ʣ
㿪˵һؿܣصĞeûнˮʲô
~~
Уһˮɽر֮УʽĻ춴ɫ̬Ğe֮⣬Բ̲عʵ
ÿһ类һ㣬ˮܡ
ˮ·аݵĿ׶֮ǰ͸һģһٵֻһնĸС
⣬ֻǱɽһǡ
ַĿɨˮ̲رʤǡ
ûнˮʲôҲˡ
ûɣñɽȴʲô㡣ַף漴ﴦѰȥˣһؿûҪõΡ
ֻн˼ܿǰһ
ˮȻ̬ͬһ޴ˮߴΡ룬ˮʮƣȴǿտҲ
ַһ²鿴ˮٿ¶΢Ц
ԭˡ
йâȡ飬ˮΨһȱȥǡϸСԲȱڣպÿɰ룬ͺƼУŰ£ʱһ׹⣬ڻˮС
һţһš
ֱһţɰ黯Ĺâˮյˮıͣȱ
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ƣ޴ˮʱСӣ룬ܿ컯ˮ
һ顣ַ΢Ц롣
ʱն15:1֮10:18:1Сѽӽ3:1ı
ʶںռ110ʱ14š
֮֮ţĵ11ţʣ3š
ܹܶһˮַܿҵڶˮһνһУһˮ
ûһȫһ
ˮܶһͨıֻһıַһ·ԽˮܶһıҲЩס
Լģǻ춴
ʶ춴ļֵһ֪¡
1ˮֻܶһһƷĶ춴
2ˮһһƷ춴
3ˮһһƷ춴
5ˮһһƷ춴
׷ֱ档
eֻرԴĹ⡢׼أԼˮľУƷĶ춴ֻˮľ֣ƷƷģΪ⡢׺ʹء
ô󡣡ַȥ
ֻߣֱӵ˵ǡûô
Լϻ춴࣬۷춴в٣ں춴
e˵ȴ
ԭ½춴٣˵e壬e֮и֮٣һ춴һȺƿߵĞeԴ
ȴһѣ
ֻҪ㹻Ľˮܶһ
eһ㰡ַи̾ԼԻ춴ûȤﲻֹл춴⡢ء׵Ğe֮Լͺá
عʵͬǲɶõı
ȻֻˮڱɽҲֻڵñɽһǡ
оͲˡַҲں
e壬ⱾǲĵһأԼѾն֪㳣֡
ʱ޻Ҳ̵ַйšɽϣھһЩö
Ȼֻˮ׻˵ĺãСҲ⡣
ﾡá
룬e˵СС˵Ҳ
ܿ죬ߵ˾ͷ
รžͷַͫ



1514 
Ŀģһ͸ɫĹţ֮ǰһģһ
͸ſԿõͨ޳һʵĵ·ʤȻͨϲeĽݣֻ
һ޲
ִַε䵯أĿ͸ɫ·ʮ׶ɼÿ׶ˮ״Ǻԡ
ͨϲ㣬Ҫʮˮַૡ
ԼھʮˮҲỨΪϲı֪ÿһ붼ʮˮ𲽡
ķʮˮ룬Ҳһ˱
ַ˼
ԼˮȻҪΪһλ᲻eǸδ֪֮Ŀȵַ˼漴̽
һԲ״
Լ֮ǰǴҲ̽Ѱһ沢δ̽Ѱһ࡭
иı
źΣַ̽ѰһſŞe֮⼫ˣڵַ˵һıĪڞe֮⣬ЩѼġ
֮ǰԼأ֮ѪͻĿ
Ğe֮⣬1ˮģ2ˮģ3ˮġ5ˮ
5ˮĞe֮⣬ȞeԴ⾳Ğe֮⣡ַȷΪչһžԼ֮ͻƣ
Сɾɾ磡
̲µԪرԴeڣ
3ˮĴ؞e֮⣬̲صĴؾֻ5ˮɣٳɫֻ¡Ҳɾ硣ַüͷ΢š
ڱϣǹ֮ǹ֮ɾͻơ
߲ɣͲ͡
ôһЩ˷ѣһʲôֵöһ
عʵ
ַгϾعʵڞe٣½ȴܶ࣬Ǽ裬Ȼһعʵֵ
а·̣ȫ˵ַ⡣
̽ѰҲż¾ʱ͹һˮַ岻κһܿ졪
ӽյ㡯
ֻ˵㣬͸ɫڡ
Щ˷ѣǿַૣоԶĹţ;ͷļƣͷһ؞e֮⣬ٿַһͣ½Ų
Զһصĺɫ壬ͽˮȻͬ
һЩһЩɫҲǲͬ
֮ǰδ
ʲô
ַ棬ĿΧһɨĺ٣ڽŸҲһˮλú
׼ȷ˵ӦǶԳơ
Ӧǳõıַа⣬ˮǵڣΨͽˮһǸڣ١
һһף໥Գơ
ǺһַûȱڣҪˮһ಻٣պˮ
ں飬ԼһҲûУ൫ʵϡȱ
ΪͰıԽԽӽֻǰʣ࣬Ǻʣࡣ
šַź񲻶
ԼѡѾҪôһĞe֮⣬ҪôǶһⲻ֪ôĺ
һȵһðա
϶ãֻǲ֪ôáַĿֱԼ¶һǸõѡ
ϾһˮĴ؞e֮⣬Ҳ޷ɱ䡣
޷ɱӽԷǱ衣
ˡַ
ȫҡˮǶһˮϣˮŹâʱӹһѷ죬žѿˮâɢ
ǰС
~~
ַ˫ʱһ
ӦУϢԺ֪źôʹãַ΢΢һĨȣ漴С
ַ΢Цţ뿪e㡣
һԼĶˡ

һʱޣ
ϣһص̭ǽе߰˰ˡ
ͨĞeͨûͨĻǽģǡġʣһ㶼ʵģҽڶؿҲǱ̭
ַ壬ʵҲ˶١
ֻмƿߵʵһͨΪڰֻǳƿսػֻǳƿ۷塣
ʵպϡ
ڶؿѶԻһȡ
߳䣡
죬۴̵βͻӳ˫צ絶ѣһͷͷɫֱɱȡ飬ɱ¾Ԟeǳһꡣ
ַ˵ɱɫ޺ɣȨ
񣬾ʱֻʣ졣
ˡַɾɱͷɫޣ¶һĨЦݡ
ոպã
~~
ȡַ˫



1515 

ַʱһɫâһɫͨͨңԶʡֱַӿУʧ
ǿһ죬ǰһȻӺڰ
һɽˮ߸ߴΡ硣
ˡַ¶һĨ΢Ц
Լٻصe
ãǴͽeҪķ110飬11ٿʮһƽֻ3һˮӡ
ʱһģĶˡ
Ȼʣֻһʱ䣬ԼĻȡ׵Ķ࣬صĵһֻ꣬ն2飬һꡭ
նӽ9
༫
֮ǰδȥİ飬9ɶһſˮȥ֮ǰһõ飬Ҳ˵һ׬ˮ
ǳֵ
˵಻࣬㹻һһ5ˮĴ؞e֮⣬ðһط֮ɡ
֮ﵽɣ
ֹطǿս˵
ʵɼ
ٴνe
ַѾϤٴ̽ѰһĞeռ䣬ȷ󣬺֮ǰûκθı䣬ͷȻб赲Ҫ10ˮɽ롣
žķˮַɶһ
ȡ̺Ĵ؞e֮⣬͞eԴ⾳Ğe֮һޣ͸ַ岢ż룬ʱҲ
С
ˮַܹһ˿ˮʣ1飬Ϊ1迪ƽͨһؿ
һΣַ岢ûԥ
ڽǰѾ˴㣬ٴζһһͺ
ĿǰˮĶһʱֻа顣ַҲże൱أڵһؿΪءĽ֣Ȼ⡣
ڵڶؿҲпõõ
´Ҳа취õ顣ַصĞe峬ֻ1%ͨҲ1֮
1eмʮһƽ
Щûģһִа顣
~ַͫâѳ
ȻЦ뿪e

Ρ˫ɽŲյĺ
غһϡ
أԽ˫ɽǱeӵס˫ɽ֮֮ӦԷͨ
ʱѻ㼯Ğe塣
ƣ
֮ǰѱ΢Ⱥӵĺ٣ǵǹƥ˭Ҳ˭̵ζսȻ
ͨһؿģмƿߣСֳƿߡ
˵֮ڵһؿꪵĳ95%
Ğe壬ͷ
ˣѾܾˡ
Ҫڶؿ
Ҷ˺ü꣬ģЩ껹ûгʲô
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ʱ޵Ľӽڞe̬Ҳѷࡣ
ЩĻe岻¶Цݣ֪η
ҲeˣϹˮںڵͷƽᣬϵʵ
ӹһ˿Цϵ⣺ϡô
ˬһЦϵĴǣǲѷаء
ϵ߼ƿߣһģʮоŸe
ʼ磺ʮ
ϵԶû֞e˵ʲôǿ߲һҪжֻҪʵ㹻ǿˡ
˳ϵĿȥһľˣʶ
ɢſֲǿϢ޷ӽվ·죬һУ®һС
ǿ֮һ
ʵǹϵǿǿϵ磡
̶¾뿪أܽe
㹻ǿʵ㹻
˫飬ɱ¾ͫ£Ȩ
ڽܣûһeҽӽ
eʮǿߣһ
ƣЦĲһ仮ҪΪe֮ʵǻۣıԣȱһɣ
ҾͲţƼͷô׽λһֻ֪ɱɱç
Ҽ⣬ԱʺϵĶ࣡
ϵ粢û˵ֻǵ˼Цģ˭ǿﱱe֮λã
˵ûЦĲһǽ
Ǽ⣬Ǵͬп
ϵ磡
~~
Զһ΢Ĺâע⣬һ׳Ӱ߳ΧͶԱĲм˭Ҳȥںһ춴Ğe塣
ͨˡַ廷ܣ΢΢һЦ
ʱޣ˳ͨһؿ



1516 ȷһСʱ
ͨĲ١ַĿһɨкüe壬eӵľӢǿߣûһߣǳƿеٮٮߡ
мƿ߼ƿǲ١
Ϣȫ̽ѰʵԶԼ
ǿ߻ۣ
ͨڶؿʱʣµĽǿеǿߡַʱףΪǿˣҲԸԞe嶯֡
eӣ½жشڡ
ڞeУ˿ռ䷨ޣʵۿۣ֮eȴʱ˺ͣܲǿĺƿߣƺƿеľӢ
e壬ǿ
ϣ͞eǿûıȡַѹ౻ȵĴأeȴ
ĿԼűģмĮ
ַ֪ΪԼ춴ʵԵʣǿΪǿʳĞeӣԼǱġҵһؿԼٽʱ޽ųþe岻м֮
ַԲں
eһ˵ȵ֪eĴڣȻܿƵһؿܵģ١
ƷֵܣԶַ΢΢һЦ˹ȥ
춴һ𣬸עĿ
ΧĿȴ仯٣Щɵ;衣
ַ֪ΪݣԼ䲻֪Ի춴ളڶؿԼ͇⣬ֻΪļ
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ͺܴԼһͨһؿȴڲų֣e岻֪ԇͣǲµˡ
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ԣeı㲻ʲô򲻽ûʲô
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Ǉ棬ԼĹƣҲܻ1020İ顣
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ռһıҪԼʣʱ䣬Ҳұ֤ܻǶ١
Ǿ鷳ˡַл

Їæࡣ
ַȡ춴ֱӽʱǽȣЧʼߣЩeŰҲûá
͞e֮ⲻ̲ͬصԞe˵ֻǼߡ
̶̲죬ռİ35
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Сһ׮ˬһЦ
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жʱ䣿ַʵ
һСʱӦ
ַһЩ񲻶
ͺãǵڶؿֻߵڶؿʹãһʱ35飬ʵԭƻЩҡ
ȴǸõĴҡ
Ƚڶؿ˵ַԥһСȨףԼڽeһҲʹá
ˣȵڶؿʲôҪ١
£ٿء
~~~
һâص֮ͨŹرգַЦĿۇ󣬺ʼ磬·˵ȷһСʱ
¡УԶ˫ɽ𶯣ϷɫƮһͷħѡ
ʱʮ꣬ͨ˫ɽƼϵ쳹



1517 ˫ɽ
ûκζĻʾȴ㹻
ʮ꣬ͨ˫ɽ
ڶؿҪˣ͵һؿһޣֻʱһƸԣʵΪڶؿѶȸһ㡣
ƼǻƣeȲĳ˫ɽ
Ρ˫ϣɫǣڣڞe带һʧȥӰ񱻵Ƶģס
ַ͇һۣ뷨һ
ȹж
һؿĿȽδռƣһֱǿɱȡڰ˫顣Щǿߵʵնڰ˫Ҳף
˵ûʲôɿɽ
ɱɱˣô
ڞeԶʵɭһǿʳ档
˫ɽ󣬿ܻʾɣַ֮ǰҲһǾ䡮ʮƽԼҲҵe
֪˫ɽءǰ˫ͫ˸
ޣַ
һЦҲ˵ģ˵˫ɽǰһĹء
Ĺأ
ַ
Ҳ˫ɽֹ֣ġĿֻ֮ǿ൱ɫ
˫ɽǵø⵱ġ
кɫڸǣĹٸǹء
ַͷֹ֣ʵӦмƿ߲ΰɡ
ţ࣬˫ɽϳ˹ֺ֮⣬տأֻҪʵﵽмƿߣʮʱޣصļʻǺܴġ
ַס
һԹ
Ժƿ˵Ӧò⡣
ûô򵥡ַ
ҲôΪ
Ӷͷ

ĵȴ
ֻƿ߽룬
ĺƿ̽룬ַ͇˼죬ûжҲ˳Ŵ˫ɽڶصġ򡯺͵һزͬҽؿĺƿ࣬ûҪ˷ʱ䡣
ಣಣ
һeǿ߽룬ͷ۳
ַ͇ܣһƬ֣ڞeӵ˫ɽ纣׵Ļɽض£зŸ֪
ɽѹͷ֮ϡ
ɼ
˫ɽܱһƬڰַ͇Ҳңһʼ⵽Ķӻ˹Ȼһвв˫ɽ
ҪԹؾгȥס
Ѱһڡ
ôַ塣
ӵһؿ֪ǰ⡮ȻޡǻıԣģȫçײʵСģϸ糾
ùܹˣ·ַ
š顣
ַָǰڰ֮һȥӦһ»ٿΪǽıȽƣe̽ѰıǶ࣬硣
˫ɽԹؾǾ;ûОeûĵ򡣡
ԹԽ˶㼯ĵطԽûгڴڿܡ
һȦͣĴơ
ЦûОeûĵطȷǳڣҲǡΣյĵط
ΪĞeȫɱˡ
ܵðգôַЦ
һЦǳţ»ǻ춴࣬ʵƿߣ־ȴ㲻䣬Ƚ˫ɽԵ߾ȫ

˫ɽڡ
ৣ~~
Ӱһǰһĵ֮ȣٶ֮죬ԶͨƿߡһɫĹâһǰɫ
һ΢ЦǰɫӰûа㲻á
һؿ࿼ǻıԣܽѷɫϵһѾ⡣
ϵ磬бe֮ơ
ϵһƳЦ
йâ𣬼ⲻһ㵣۾ǡ
ģֹһϵ绮һ磬棬ʱʧߵĳȫмһˣȻ˵ʲô
ҧҧ߽ȥ
ԭüͷһšתʧ

ߣһ
ַ֮һ޴ĺʯɽϰ磬˫ɽһߣǰ
ʯɽѾ˺ܶ졣
ԡַĿ˸
Ӱ۶УʯɽӲʯ飬ٿش𶯣ʯɽ¡ѿֱÇĿɿڴɣ
ʯɽĽʣӲ̶ȣǸ߼ƿҪҲס
Ʒһ춴࣬ôܡ
ˣȻ
Ǽٵġַ弲۶ǰܿ촩һϣԽɫԼ͇ãܶe嶼û;ʯɽˡ
Ȼ
ƷֹȻַ塣
ַٿҡҡͷͣ½Ųǿߴطˡ



1518 СԾ
ܿҲ׹
ΪܱߵһȫͬǲҵԹȷ·ԹһССؾ
Թôƣ䱾һϡ
ڣȴ档
ңȷ·ͨڶؿֻ·ëǡַĴܣڶؿѶôࡣ
e岻һӵֻλλ
Աe̬֮ԼҲһҪϸѡѡһֵĽӰˣѡ̫עǻһ˿ѡ
ֻҪʵǱлᡣ
֪ǸǻЦ
Ҳַ֪巴ƽ֮֮Լÿһؿÿһ⣬裬ô
˵ţٿַ֮һݣŲ͵ͣ¡
Сģַһ£ºһֻ֣ɭǣµϢ֣·Ҫɵ
ǱߣͬͻȻݣӰ˲ʱӿҵһֱڽ䱸״ַ̬ʾ׼
¡¡~~
̤أɵĵ𵴿ص֮·ϵַ֮屩Уβ͵ĳأ

ۻըһӰӣצ˺ѿռ䣬ŶʬĵĹֱϮ棬ַצӹֱӽ˺Ƭ

˻ӰӻɢһڵѪΣ׹ַ˫һۼֿǽס
ѪַоɭʬѪɢŶ񶾣Ż
δ࿴ֱӽС
˵˫ɽ֮ǰһĹأȷʵġַаĿԶһͷڵص׵Ĺţһʱ佻ѷ֡
û´Ӧþ˹֮һַ
мƿߵʵιΣһжôϡµĺѪ䲻֪ʲôã͵һؿһڲ֪ûá
šַһߴܣһ߹עŇս
вΣգԼȻҪҪƾУܿ⣬ԼҲһ٣ûмǿϲ˰æ
ǇĸǸ߰
һ춴࣬ӵмƿߵսڱeǺټġ
սûг̫á
˵ʵȻó͵Ϯ治ֻǸмƿߵսһؿĽػҪǿмƿһѻʤ
󣬺ܿӮս
ͬջһκѪַһǵκѪȡԼκѪϸȶԡ
һַֹ巢֣ҲǷ֡
ȻС״ͬѪʬһģһѪеġͼȴǲͬ˵Ѫͬʵܻ
Ѱ߶ܱ𣬸˵ַ͇
ȻҲû˳ʲôӣ˾Ųʮ
ַͷ
Χֲʮָĺڰһ޼ʵĺأ˵ˣ²ֹô١
һҲ޷֮ǰûûףϺ󡭡ʵҲǻ¡
ַһЦ
ȷЩſ£ʵֻ
ʵϲһΣա

ַϣ˹൱֮࣬ÿһƬΪ١
˵δ̫вʵǿҲֻǿһмƿߣַ廹Ǉ󣬶ƥС
ʧȥ͵ϮΣ˲ǡ
ֺܹѪֱΡȡ͡ˣ䲻֪ôȻûʮʱĺܣ˭Ҳ֪ʲôʱͻõš
СԾ󣬺ܿͱַ͇ա
ûа˹ֳ֡
߰ɣַ֡
áȻЦ
ѷֳڣûżȥٴҲôˣջѪܿһλص˫ɽС
ߣ
Χʱܼeûͷת
ءַ·ǰӦߴˡ
šû顣

߹·֪ȷ·
ַ͇֮оգѰȷ·ߣ;һΣҲûУϵĞeҲǸΪսѰ˫ɽͷ
ˣû
ˡַ˫
~ˬʶЦԶһֻεı־͵һؿͨͷƣǺԵıֻҪͨڶؿ
ôô
а˸e塣ַһ۱ѿ
ƺ󡣡
ַͷ͇һһңܿأǰ˸eΧھͷͨڣȴ֪Ϊβ뿪Ǵվ֪Щʲô



1519 Ѫ
춴ࣿһ߼ƿüȶм
˫ɽͷǰİ˸e壬߸Ǹ߼ƿߣһܵģǻ⣬ʵͬɻȱ
ʵǷȱһ㣬ͻᱻ͵ϮЩóıӲ
ַ͇󣬰˸eֻƳһۣδκӣһeڵСһôģûײʲôΣô
һЦӦ
һeһЦһ·̫ɣȥɱ˼֣͵ˡ
΢΢ſڣԥһ¡
ַٿ֮һݣȴǷЩԾǴϣҲǣûôˣĹһ·׷ɱòײӳ
׷ɱΨһмƿߵΪʲôɱǣ
ַЦҲɱаһǻܶԸʮ˸ǲѵ
ৣ
ڞeʱһ߼ƿﱻ׷ɱģЩλģ
ַҡͷ类ɱˣһ߼ƿ߾ǡ
ڞeʱ¶ʧ֮ɫ
Ǽһˡ
ô죬ȥô
ٳȥҰɣ˵ײϡ
˸eţַˇһۣᣬҲ״š
ЩʲôŽַ塮桯ʵ
߸߼ƿҲᣬ·ûƵģΨмƿ߻عͷָָͷֻɫ־Լ
ޣ
ַʵѾȻװ֮ɫֻɫı־УĸѪ͵Ŀ׶ϸϸȥ⣬Ȼͬͼ
Ѫ
֮ǰСԾлõֺѪöӦĸֹ֣ӦһֺѪǱ߇ϧһַ̾Ҳҡҡͷ
ǵڶؿ
Ϊᱱe֮λãǱֺ֪Ѫ֮ء
ÿҲ֪˸e岻Źǡ
£ַѼֲ֡
δҲ൱ᡣ
ǰ˸eҲûɣǿ춴ܵѾ漣ɱ˹֣
Цɡ
һַ͇δ뿪˸e岢¶κ˿ǻɡ
ҪȰɣОeͨؿжģ򲻾ͳˣ
Ҳֻˡַ
ˣΪôŪôһ߼ƿ˵ʵǲǿζأҪҵ̫ˣ
˾мƿߵʵ
Թ
ҪԹҳ·ѣ˵ҹ֡
ʱ䣬Ҳˣ߰ɡ
ûҷֿжʱٻϣʮʱ䣬ҾͲҲȺ֣
ߣ
˵߾ߣ˸e漴뿪
ַ͇Ŀ¶ЦݣŰ˸eķַ͇ҵһ֮ͣЪ
лˣ֡̾һ
С¡ַ΢΢һЦ
ӦѾܿ죬ȻԼҲѰȺ߼ƿ̫Ǿḻ
һǲҶ֣ϾǞeӣһ漰棬˭Ҳ֤ˡͫ
ûк£Щ˷ܡ
Сŵһˡĸо
ؿ˼ַֻϮʵģȴʵǿġ
ʵǿĹˣʵҲѹ
ϾǸտʼʱһãԹᱻߣЩ˾ҪҲס
ַͷ
ֻһʱޣ̭ʻ൱ˣʮꡭ
ȴ㹻úܶǿ߽ء
мףʵ
࣬סַ
ֺѪһΣһףҪٵĺѪ㡣
ʣࡣ
ַţãֱӽСԾһȫջû´СԾ϶ֹһ
ᱻֵġô
ʱʲôҲˡַʼ硣
׺ѪֵȻǸߣôe岻ɵϣֱĸ㣿
ǣֻ춴ѡ
Ǹһװɣˡͷ
áֱַӽĵκѪ
˼ԼףҪʲôеУһؿһe巢ֽeҲնһЩ
Щǡ
ԼʲôҪæģ󲻻ܾûУҲ˷ʱ
ֱͨͨ
~~ֻɫ־ĿŇ룬ַȻһЦ
ʣԼһˡ



1520 
ַûô뿪
ʮŸտʼһؿܣûɵڶؿʲôܶû߳Թɱĸ־ͽ
š
˫ɽԹʬĹأַ֡ԺѸ˼йȴץסؼĵ㡣
Ϊ˫ɽ̽Ļࡣ
ַ֮
ûижΪΣգ˫ɽȷвԲ󣬵֮أʱţЩҲ˵ǿߣĿ꽫׼e塣
ɱЩĞe壬лúѪ
ΪѪ֡
Ҫһ¼ǺѵģҲҵСԾ֮˹ֱ֣ĿÿeϣһֺѪһҵ
ʱͻɱ¾
ԼʵһԱ˵춴ʵײĸƿߣԥɱԼ
ʵȣ
Ȼ̽Ѱ˫ɽ
ַȡӰһ⣬e

ٻ؞eûκα仯
Ӈַ֪eѶϢǞeһشڣΨe֪֮ܣ˵Ǳe֮ơ
ӱeۣ֮Оeܣ˵ΪeԺ⣬e֮Ϊeڡ
ڵĞeĞeһַ֡ĞeԼǰe롣
ԼڣǞeһء
˵ǞeҲ˵ǡ
˫ɽҪһ֮غѡַ뽫һĴ؞e֮գڵڶؿûа֮ء
СԾ֮УҲᱻ˹Ϯ
ȴԡ
35飬Զһ35ˮȥ3ٶһ32顣ַдţ32ˮô൱ġ
ΪԶһe֮⣡
𣬹ԵĞe֮⡣
ԵĞe֮⣡
սǿ
£ݲ㡣
ַĵ֮ǰԼ֪֪e֮͞eйأǲͬԼڞeлΪΣȻͻᱩ¶
ڹؿͨб¶eû֣ܵe֮û֣
̫ðա
ȴݡ
ǰܵвַ32ˮҲԸһһԞe֮⣬øڵϣþǿ
ܵǿ
ϵʲߣ츳ҲƫأǾͼʡַ尵۴ѪȱĹ⡢Ѫ
޵Ѫһκޱʵǿǿ
֞e֮⣬һȫɡ
ߵ򡯣
ַڞeУ˼
ǰߣҪ5ˮĞe֮⣬ԼѾһţĿҲ20ˮ´ࡣ
ߣҪĞe֮δ֪
23Şe֮ͻƣҲ56ţ10ϣδ֪֮
棬ս߸󡣡ַ԰ֱӾܽΪ׻춴ࡣ
ʵսɱһΡ
±ս
Ҳ󡣡ַüͷһšһͻƲˣľЩˮǾǰװ˷ѣʵֻǺСһ֡
طɾ磬սʵȶ
Ȳϱ𣬵Ҳܴﵽ߼ƿߵʵΡ

ַѶ
һ·˼У֪ߵeһľͷһҪ10ˮַܾͬ
һıһã
òˡ
Ҫ10ˮı𲽹ƾ10ˮһļĻǾ10-50ˮ
ַĺ
Լ˺ģҲһ̫õı
ɡַã¶ġ
Լͨ춴׻춴࣬һҪߵ·
ˣͰ·ߣ
Ͼe֮һſŵĶһ
ĻҾ35ˮԶһ7Şe֮⣬һž8šַĵŞe֮գʯ󺣣ô
ʣţط򡣡
з
ϣַ廹ðա
ΪߵĸԶͱðĸͨ춴޷ĺƿǿ߾ģΨн׻춴෽
ԭ׻춴սͨƿߡ
ֱַȶһŴ؞e֮⡣
ϵһţŴ؞e֮ϣϥʱַǽ״̬
ߣͶһΣ



1521 ׻춴
ÿһŞe֮⣬̲Şe
߷ϣ
һȫۼױ͹һͷַܼССһŞe֮⣬ڽӣʱޱʶ󿪡
̲µĴ
ڣȫۼ׺سеĴطޱһַ嶼ĺܿɾ硣
ˡ
ԭѴﵽɾĵǰ춴Ĺؼһרһ
Ϊλ򣬴ɾΪ׻춴࣡
ңǽ׻춴ĵڶ
۷춴࣡
ַҰĺܴ
ҪôɣҪɾҪһ̤㱱eӵĶˣΪûʱ䡣ĵؿڲǵڶѾΣĵƱҪЩ߼ƿߡ
ͨĸ߼ƿ߻ãЩ߼ƿߣ㱾𶼲Ƕ֡
ܳΪ׻춴࣬ϣ
׻춴Ӧͨƿߡ
һǷĲһռ֮࣬Ȼͬ·ߡ
ס
ڞe½׻춴ëǣͨ춴ֱ֮ӾͨƿߣһԭȻΪ½Ŀռ䷨ͬʱҲζߵѶ
һš
ڶš
ţ
ַ
߲ݣҹҵţ״̬ʱȻȻ׿һУڹؿʲô֮⣬µַ˵ֻһ¡

ƻϲϱ仯Ŵ؞e֮ľȻͣڴɾ磬˿ûͻƵĿܣַҧҧǾ
ԭƻҪʹһʣˮط֮ȶʵ

ģ
ľʹʧܣľʹ˽
еִַ岻Ըʹ˷ĿŞe֮⣬һθ򣬾㵽һҲĸԸ
ս
սս
ţţ߿š
ڰ˿ţ
ַȥһˮȻעһѾûκˮҲ޷һζһ뿪޷
ûйϵ
ʱڻزȥأeϵİҲһ߰˰ˡ
ƴ
δַ嶼
ڵŞe֮ʱѾоĶ磬ţ߿ŸԽԽڵڰ˿ʱ
ڴдǼԶĵ
ǰ˰ǽߣȴԶߣַؼʱһɲġ
ɣǳɡ
ɣһβ֪Ҫȴʱ
䣬ٿһɾҵĲ´һ治ռȴֲǣʵʵڵ𶯣ʯÿһǧ֮
䣡䣡䣡
ֱ׹ĵַ˫財
ȫֹסĲȴǿ˲ȫһĪԶնĵһӷѿѸٳɳΪһò
Ƿ
򣬶磡
~
򣬴Ŀεݺݵ̤һδ֪ǿյĸ߲Ρ
ַ쾳ȫ˶Ĵڡ
ĵ
~~
ӿĵðԴİعߵĴڡΪȫϵӿ룬ı塣
ϸѪҺ
ϵۼףɫ״Ÿı䣬ʱİҵɱ䣬ǳªڲϵĽ
ȷǽ
޵Ѫκʵĸı
ַԭ㹻ǿǷȱΪַ屾긳裬Ҳĸǿ󣬴ͨ춴׻춴࣬ǷȱֻǷεĸ
һǵλ
~쳤ʹ˷ţȥ⸡ŵĹâ
žҵʹεɱ䡣
࣡
ɾͲࡣ
ƴ֮֮꣬壬ֻҪںĲƣк֮ĴȥҲܡ
ȻֲֻԶԡ
ǿ˵ֻʵĲʵǿǿһδܴʮΰٴΣв֮Ҳûá
ַԣ㹻⡣
ҪΪ۷춴࣬۱ʵͿмƿߣս
ԶԶ߳
ܿ죬𡣡ַҧɱ䣬νĿУĴԪظܣֱɴ
򣬶
ʵ׻춴࣡



1522 ȫµİ
~
һͷȫµİڞeоˡ
ɱİĸСһЩûôɲȴȫ̲׼֮У൱ֲǿͷ
߳צ
צӰͫ
ٶȣ󡣡ַ⣬ǿ壬ͨ춴ൽ׻춴࣬ǿԽһΡ
ƿߣҪǿĶࡣ
Ͼλ򣬾Ͽռ⣬ڷлԿλλҪöˡ
ңڞeпռ⼸ûС
e壬ǿe֮ġ
՞eeӾһֻҪ㹻ĞeܳΪƿߡ
򵥣ͬء
ΪeӱľԣОeҪΪ׺ƿߺѡ
бס
򲻳Կǿᣬʵֻ֮ǿַڞeܷӳѷɫս
ɻͨ߼ƿߣĸ߼ƿǿ߶ս
۷ĸ߼ƿߣЩࡣַ֮ǰıeʮǿߣڵʵǲ硣
ڵڶؿؿӦòԿˡ
۱eӣҲһǿߡ
ղŵĵ𲨶ɺϡַףûôɵ飬˵ûиղŵĵ𲨶Լδز
ǸղŵǿҲˮɣһ򣬴ﵽ硣
e˭ңַк档
ԺиֳһӰӣĿ⾼Ȼ˸
࣬ûȥˡַҲ֪ڹ˶ãⲻҪص˫ɽȻͻ֪һ۞eַ漴뿪

˫ɽַϣһƬҡ
ԽԽĞeߵͷҵͨؿķѪһʣ㱻˳Ϊڞeۺᡣ
ĹּҲ
ڞeǿڵߣ˫ɽϾԹ֮أô׾ܱλȻҲиõģСԾкܿѪ
ңֹһס
ַ塣
ҲʵǿɱģɱʮʮeմѪͨؿǲͣɱѪȴһ
ѣ
Ѫ֣˹ָڶأeϰκѪûУȴĪɱˡ
ûκεԡ
䣡ַճûã⵽Ϯһмƿ߼ַ壬붼룬ֱӱǻȭ
һ춴ɱ˾ǣôʲô
ȫ벻
ʲôмƿߺȻɴ۾ʹȫӳһȭӲʵϣǻ춴ҲܣȭͷȴǷ顣
һ˲䣬Դһû֪
ɡַ⡣
ǰмƿߵʵ֮ǰʵ࣬ɱԼǰһ
࣬һĴ
ǿ˺ü˽ʮ
κѪַУûʲô̫ôмƿӵеĺѪԼһԼе֡
ٵģֻƱ־ͷֺѪԼֻĵΣԺѪܹס
һ͵ڶֺѪֺܶ࣬ѪнʮΡ
ΨֺѪ
ĴַҲżĴгۣ̽˫ɽͬʱѰСԾʲô

һֺѪ̵ַսƷС
춴ʵߵﶼǱ˿ÿһĺƿ߶
ûκʴȣҶǸΪսᱱe֮λ
Ϊ˳ＯֺѪɱ¾ԽԽҡ
ҲȤַȻûҵСԾҲУðͻƣͣս̾磬սɱ¾֮кܽܵϵ

ʵַ壬޿ɾ塣
˫ɽ꣬ЩʵĺƿɱȡѪ뿪ʣµĸ߼ƿ߹Ȼв٣Լսͬ߼ƿߡ
䣡ַצ
ֱ˺һ߼ƿߵͷ­һ͵Ϯĸ߼ƿߵɴ۾֮Ȼһ춴ӵȿʵ
⣡ĵ˻Ǹ߼ƿ߷ӦҲ죬һβܡ
Ϊʱ
ˣߣַں𣬿ռ𵴣ۻޱߵĴ𶯣Ǹ߼ƿ߶ʱס
һſצӰ
߳
е֮ĵĶֱַ֣ӻɱѪ񽦣ະڶ߻ƣַٿһһץ
һεֺѪ



1523 ţ
ֺѪĹеġˡ˵٣ΪСóһЩ
ʵϣֺѪҲࡣ
κȣΪߵĹԸǿһЩ
ӣˡַУȻ»֪ô׺Ѫͨڶؿıкֵܴġ
ַҲν
£ǿս
ͱͬıޣޣΨսɱ¾ͷԣͷűĺɱ⡣
սɱ¾У׼ѪǱ׳ɳ
ޣɱ¾
ÿһɱ¾޴洦ַ˵ɱ¾սͬܰǿΣ硣
ֻбչؿޡ
e֮ƼµڶؿҲˣֻоսɱ¾ӱķǿߣεıe֮ĥ£
һЩeʲô
ֻҪeӲݽߣeͻԴԴߡ

ַҲǲ
µľͲôˣȥЩλڽ˵ĺƿ߻ȫ뿪ʣµĺƿʵҪһ
Ȼʵǿĺƿ߶뿪ˡ
ҲмûߵģǱȽϡ޶ۡģΪҲ·Թ֮С
ַ壬±һ
Σַ롣
ɱôe壬һӲӡ
ʲôǳţǵĞeһȻ
Ҵҵ˫ɽĳڣһ׺Ѫ뿪ַ˫ǰⳤţǵĞe̬Ҹԭǿͬǲ֮
ԼɱȻҲκβԼ
ŶţǞeľګĵ˵ͷллˡ
лл
ַһЦҵ˼ǣһ㱦Ұͨڶؿ
ŶţǞeַ壬ͭ۾գҲգͺûƵģã˵ʲôʱ
ַЦ
ȷʵ⡮ٶۡĞeˡ
ɣҴ򼸼ܡַҲ֮ˣһǸצ羡չ֣С
𣡡ţǞeͫһӭ
ܣϲ

ַţǞe̡
ʶһһ㲻һʣҲǴ飬Ϊţ룬Ҳȷʵģкǿʵȴ޳˵ռָûС
ţ֣ûõκαôַõʵ
ʲôţ
ǡģڵıַȡһ춴ġ
ʲôãţʵ
ðɡַѾ״ˡ
e֮ȷʲôe嶼С
Ϊţӵʵֻעط֮Ϊ൱֮ߡ
طȫɾ磡
ĴطǰԼȫѹƣνһʮᣬţ뿴ƴȴִ޵ζڷƣԼ֡
ƿȫ֮
ַĞeУûһȵţ룬eʮǿߡ
֮ܽȫںϣֻǴɾ磬۱eӣܱǿģҲֻǿˡַ
⣬ţܿģ
Ĺ֮Уִ֮ǿ⣬Ϊ
ţ֣Ϊβeһһأַʵ
㲻ôţ
ǣַԥһ£Ҳ֪˵ʲôȷʵ㲻ô಻ѹն㣬ʵȻǿ
ţǺЦΪұֻɣԾͶһЩˡ
ҲĶȻַ
ƭˣҲ򲻹ôţ
һ߼ƿߴ򲻹춴࣬ô
ַԶԡ
ΪûҵַΨӦ
ʲôţдɳʵ׵ļơ
ǡ
ַŰд֮һ𣬻һҾͲĶˡ
Ŷţͭ۾ÿɷӦ
ȴ֪ûףַҲ޴ӿ
ҲһԵ֡
ַףһ·ţ͵˫ɽͷػþԹܿҵ·ַ˵Ⲣ¡
ԭﰡһΪɽϡţ롮ȻĺǺЦ
ǲǻþ󵼵ġַЦ
ɽȻָ˫ɽ
ţԴɵɵЦڶؿҪͨ˫ɽΪǿɽأζлˣƷֵܡ
ʹַ֣ţЦݷģ൱ӡ
һᱨģţ벻ַ֣ͣ壬Ťͷ֮ͨС
ַһˣȻ״̬
Լôû뵽أ



1524 
ţ֮ԣõַ嶸ȻѾ
ͨ˫ɽ
ʲôͨ˫ɽ
߳ƬԹ
ǡġͨ˫ɽֻ߳ƬԹĻΪʲô˫ɽĳ֣Ϊʲô˫ɽ
ƺ¥Զߣֻǻþ
˫ɽȻǴŵģ
ʵĴڡ
ԹͻþֻһΣʵ֮ʵַ֮峤һɫȻОeһ˫ɽԹĳ·
ܴıģͬһ·
ʹ޹أһֱܣԹȻȻͻҳ·˭֪õ˫ɽõģһ壬Ȼȥ
Ψţ룬ȫȻ󵼡
Ȼʵ̫̫룬㳯ȷķȥҲҲ·
ʵ֮
Ҫͨ˫ɽҪԹ㣬Σյĵطţôõ
ԭǵڶؿصĵطַȫȻ
СԾҲĹ֣˫ɽͷ֮ϣѹԹĳȻڣԺеɻڴ˿ȫϵϣȻʡ
ߣ
ַо
£֪ɽлƫɽУ
֮ǰýһЩСС鷳
ǺǣλֵܿвٺѪءԶһ߼ƿЦų֣ĳ֣ܱ߳߼ƿߣȻһˡ
ַƽ
һѾ߼ƿߣһԹԼȡѪţʱҲڣǿûж֡
Ϊţʵ
ţȻȻڱeҲһʢ
ֻԼһˣǾͲˡ
û˻ںһ춴ࡣ
ҲַĿɨڸ߼ƿߣٿ¶һĨЦݣӲҲȷֻ
ӵģһ
ַЦһ
ʱ䣬ݺǿɱ⣬ӿ
ڸ߼ƿɫٱ䣬Ϊ׵һǴһַĹǵݿ࣬
սû¹

ϵĺѪҲ١뿪ͨͷַ߼ƿߵļҵҲʮκѪֻǵһ͵ڶ֡
ֺѪȱ
ţһףַ廹ס
⣬һ׺Ѫȡһǿߵ飬ֱֵӵĻرҲСţ룬Լ벻ڶؿصĲ֡
£ȷķ
˫ɽģַ岻֪֪ԹģΣգӵĵض㹻ˡ

˫ɽһԹҲڡ
ΪþԹ˫ɽΪġ
ַܿ롣
սϣОe嶼ɱۣΪѪϧһУַ춴Բ
ֻԽĞe嶼ˡ
ַûôţļƷһѾѵá
Խ룬eԽ١
ȷġַѾûϹeˣԼһȷ·ϣﲻֹûОe壬ҡ
ʮ֮࣡
ˣϳ֣ԽӽĴԽ֮࣬ǰ׺ѪǴʮ֮࣬ÿһ׶Դ
䣡ַٴλɱ֣Ŀһ
ЩƺܲԸҽӽ
ַһЦ
ЩԭҪôǵѾ˫ɽҪôܲ˫ɽͬһʶ
أӲǻôԭ
Ͻӽɱ¾
ַ䲻֪ȷ·ԹԽԽӣתתȫ֪Լ·С
иԼǾǹ֡
ֳԽ֤࣬Լߵ·ȷġ
䣡
ַһλɱͷƴˣĵκѪ֣Ҳֱ룬20׵ĺѪڵ˵ô΢
õģֻһס
Ŀ⾼ȻǰַѼϡ
ĻҺɫɽֵʵʵⲢǻþʵĴڣ֮ǰ˫ɽѹȻͬǵɽ¡
ˡַꡣ
˺üʱ䣬һ·;̫Σգÿͬһطȥܽ˱Ʒ衣
򲻸ˡ
ûмǰַһһӡעΧ춯˵Ϯܿ죬һעᱻ͵Ϯɡ
ЩмƿսĹ֣൱öԸ
ȻַŸ̤ûΧȳʮ֣˺ҧٲȻǲ֮֡
ϳˡַһβ޺ĻӳѸٲٿء
˫צӳѸͶ״̬ƳԶɽиڴЩֹԽ֤Խأ
ʲôأַк֡



1525 صĵڶؿ
һս
ˣ赲ַĽŲȻȴȫ赲ˣַʵڸ߼ƿҲǲЩֻмƿʵĹ֣ȻǶ֡
ܿ㱻ɨһգ¼ʮκѪ
ǰϰַ˳ŹֵķǰȥһþǰԹʱ⴩󣬿ռԽһƬµء
~~
ǰһƬ
ǰһǰѸٳ֣ѸٻһƬƬĭʧǰַ־ı䣬þ˵⡣
ƣַ֣˫ͫһ財
ΧһʱȻɢһƬµĽأ䣬һؿȫ෴
һؿһƬeȴ
߷⻷룬ɭɭģͺһƬ
Ĺءַǰ˫ɽ߸𣬾Ĺ࣬мǰİ磬Ĺ
һ޴Ĺ
ƬĹɭɭģ֣ʬϢ˷ۣ໥ྐྵγʵ࣬ʵʵͺǡ
ֵǰ
ˣȻǴġַĵһƬ쳣ʬγɵĹֲӰ죬롣
֮ԡܲɶ˻ֹԼΪľԼ
ǵĸ֮ڣ

ʬ֮ǵԴȪeӶڞeһ뿪˞eӣeʵۿۣ˵ˡ
ˣͬǡ
ַܿס
ǰγһĹòֱԼ˺ҧȴζûУַȻɢĵֱӽ顣
ȤַһЦ
e֮ڶؿ⣬׳ӴĹģֻ¾ͨ
ǰΣǸ֮ǰıe֮ɣַа
ԼĿʲô
˫ַͫո˵漴ȥһŨ֮زֱoʬ˷͸ʴ塭
Ļ൱⡣
ʱδεĹϮʵߵĹҲϣ޷ַвǰУҰֻǰһſźɫөţǹ졣
ַһĿһ
ִɫ𣬶ʱͫ
⣡ַ岻š
ɫ̲صģǾ˵İħϢ
eУûеİ
ôܣַ循ѣĿɨ⣬ƯĺɫΪ٣ʱϲõľߺɫ𣬷̿̿ƾ׽Ƶġ
Ȼǽɫʳ
Щǹֵǰ
֮γˣʵ壬ӦñΪɫԵʡַȻ
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ħ뵽ġַϸ̽ɫźܴĹͨԣԱ˵ǼѵĲƷ±¶档
ңʱҲûʱЩɫ
˵ַԲЩɫУơЩɫe˵ô󣬵Լڶ
Χɫ٣ַһѼһǰУǰɫԽԽܼ
һĞe
ԴͷӦþַǼĹ޴ΰĹһƬӵ֮ɫ߸ߴֱƶˣˡ
Ĺԣ˫ɽػ㽫ػ
֮ĺɫΧĹͺĺƵģۿȥ֮֮ʱĻƣʱ趯ʱĳ֡
ߣܲɷ֡
׬ˡַдϲ֮ǰԼյĺɫ𲻹ǧԭΪû뵽ǰģȴǰɫ
̲صİħǶֲ
ȵһؿһõĴ؞e֮⡣ַȻɫԶԶϣʤడ

100%ҵİħ硣ַܿ϶
ȫĺɫԼʵ϶100%ӴɵһΪ۷춴࣡
ʱתôôС
ַ¶ЦݣҲֱӱ㿪պɫԲʲôطñɽ˵Щɫ˵̫Ҫ
ڴ
Ĺĺɫ𲻶ϼ٣Ӱ֮ʮٶʮ򣬱ַٵߡĿߺɫĹ¶®ɽĿǺɫ֮µģ΢΢ĺɫâ
һeĹ֣¶
ַ˫Ȼţһ߲ͣźɫϷּѾԽԽֱйȫոɾĹȫð˳
֏ɽ֮Ĺַһֵ˳



1526 ͨĹ
֏ɽ
ַüͷû
ɵֻһСඣ֪ޣ඼ǵ;˵֏ɽȻѾܾãõeǡ
ʷĳӹˡ
ΨһԿ϶ǣ֏ɽͨe塣
˫ɽĹɼһ㣬ο֏ɽĹ⻹˶Ĺ̲صǞeûеİħ
ַ»Сġ
ΧûĞe壬Ĺ͸ŹɭϢҪƵġ
ֻһô
֮ǰОe巢ֹ֮뿪ˣ
ַ
͵һؿһeԶֹԼһˣe֮µ˵ײף˵ȴҲѵ㡣
ܻһЩлȥƽ⡣
ڶؿˣԼѰҹؿܵģ˫ɽ֮գͨԼeͬ
ֻԼһˡ
ѵ˺ɫ֮⣬ûģַ岻⣬ʮ֮޻ĺܣЩeûô뿪
ǣʲôֲˡ
ȥַ²̽
ƬȻ󣬵ܣϡϡ裬һƬܵĹأŞeһǿߡ
Ĺ⣬˫ɽַҲջƽƽ
Ȼعʵ˵ûá
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޷϶
ΪԼѾ
Ѿɣ뿪뿪
ܣûȡߵĻôַǰͨĹ˫ȻֻʣĹˡ
Ρľ޴Ĺ
֏ɽ֮Ĺ
·ͨ޾񷣬ߴĹ֪ôɵġ
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ϸ΢ǴŵģԼ֮һŹ
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ĹΧϳֵĺɫͨĹӿ֡
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ַȷǵΪκһe嶼ȥ治֮£ˡ
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~~~
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Ҫ
Ϊ󣬶ԡΪġ
һŴµĺɫ̫ƴ֮У̫ɢŹȣҫƬ򣬰ħϢʮŨϷȻųɣȻԣ
ѪԴȪ
׼ȷ˵ǺɫķԴ֮ء
󡭡ַ˫Ϣ̽룬ԭΪǺ̵ܼĴʵȻܲ棬ʱż룬ֻߡ
˶ֽţ
ַ岻֪Ҳν֪֪
бǰǲðײãɫԴɫ̫ʲôãõֺо١

ֱַ𹥻ٶ൱֮졣
ԭϡٵĴ᧿Σâ֮Ǻɫ̫ȴ˷ܣͺо
ܿ죬ַ£ƴȻ顣
~~~
貵ĺڹҫƬ²㣬ǧԪҵĹâ䣬˷ܡ
ַ֣õɫ̫ٿɫ䡣
⣡



1527 ֏ɽ

ʱԪ֏ɽؼˣ˸ӣҰӣҪɢ
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ַԺУٿرֳһͷǣ߰ġħŤ͸ĿֲϢ·ܽһжɡ
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Ǳeʮǿǰͬͯһ㡣
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ĪһǞe壬µ궼ûУ֏ɽǿȴˣһ˱ȴĽǲ̵ıɣ
֮ǰĺ׳־δʵ֣ӦԼϡ

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e֮Ƽ΢ü谵ޱȣһˣųβͣоκεĺ
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~
Ƽ͵̧ͷ谵ͫ貣Ƥ¶֮ɫѵ촽鶯ţܣôܣ
һУĲõġ
Ȼ֪֏ɽĴڣһ弫Ϊͷ۵ĳǿߣƢ챩꣬ƫƫʵΪǿ󣬼֏ɽeӶͳΡ
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֪Ҳں
Ϊ֏ɽκβԴʯ
꣡



1528 ģһ

Ҫɱңʲôģ
Ҫ
ǻ˻ͣĴԺַ޶ԡ
ԵʴȾǶԼ̣οԶԼҪǿԴʴ֮ģʲôû֪
򵥵ķǶžһпܡ
ĵвɫ󣬼֏ɽʲôԹˣַȫ޶ԣʵµַڰħĸ֮С
ޱӴ
֏ɽյİħַ˵һͯ鱾ĺÿһ鶼㹻ܾãܾá
磬أ
֏ɽİħ򾳽磬Ǽַ֮ˡһΣ⻹ǺͱĲ࣬ͰĲ͸ˡ
˵ÿһΡڻַİħ͸
ַ壬ʶš
ʱ仺š
¸һ£긴һꡣ
ʱ׾Թ϶൱֮죬תʮ֮ѽӽβ
ַҲ֪Լʱ뿪ˡ
ʱ֏ɽǰû˶
չ룬İħ򾳽磬ڼǰѾﵽɡ붥һ֮ң
Խ壬ֻʱ⡣
ϧħַֻԸпϧΨв㣬Ϊħ򾳽Եʡ
֏ɽˣṩǰħͷ
츳ǺѪйء
ȥؿˡ⼸ַ꣬ʵ󣬺֮ǰͨ춴׻춴ûıȣ廹ǿ˼ɡ
սֻһɡ
ʤޡַһЦҲ⡣
Ѿⲻ֪ʵﵽ춴࣬һԪһѾܲЩƿĸǿ¶ѻɵģ
츳׵ģ١
ȵȫɣʵܾһ㡣
ǰħʵһ޴Ծַʵ֮СΪǶʶħûʲôô
ħ͵һľ磬ںϣսԲ˵
ܿ졣
ֻҪؿ㹻ʱ䡣
ַ΢΢һЦ
漴ӵصԾ뿪֏ɽĹء

ʮ꣬˵һκܿʱ䡣
һССıչأ򣬿ܾѾȥԹؿԣʮ˫ɽʮڼ䣬֮Ğeȥ
ΪѪ˫ɽΪһ
ŨѪζ˱ǣַĹعҲǣչصļﾭ˶ôпɱ¾
eˣ
ģ붼мƿߣһָ߼ƿߡ
ϵĺѪǲ١ַЦЦֻѪһĵξ͹ûʲôôԶϞe֮⣬Чɫûıȡ
ߣѪֻжʮףɫľţһë硣
ˣҲὫʮ׺Ѫ͸e壬׷ǹʣ˺ģţĸһξ͹ˡ
һѾ׬ַҲں׬ǿ
Ҫǣܿͨؿ
·
ַ˵ԹԼһɣһ·e嶼δȻ⼸ɱ¾ŵĞe΢΢
һ·ƽ˾ַڶؿͷ
ޣ
ַǰһ
һΣΪٵĞe壬һۼֻɫͨڣͷڣáԼĿⲻɻƳ
һ춴ࡣ
Ϊĸƿء
׿һ
ڞeַ岻мһˣʮúǵȴǿƻɱ֣úѪ
ַһЦйâٿ
ĵκѪУĵ貹⣬ʱڞeɴ۾һ
ಣ꣡
ٶȼ죬һe˲жѪ
ҵģ
ҵģ
ģ˭Ҳ
һʯǧˣڞeʱΪ֮ȻֻһףԿףؿԿף
ַԷǹҫ
Ⱥe嵲ںѪݿ֮ǰ˽ӽ
ԼҪ뿪ҪóѪᱻǷ֣ˣɸɴĺá
Ҫսţ
~ַ嵭ȻһЦ
ͻβ޺Ļӹ˫צѸٹһ˿ħԴ֏ɽˣǵ
磬൱ֲ
䣡ַĳ֣һƬ
ԵԵʵԵѹơ
ջ²ҪַĞe壬һĿɿڴۼ߼ƿַ߱ɾɱкð
߳߳߳
ַּǹϣԲ顣
һնɱƿߣ£˭Ҳ赲ͨؿ
ã
ģһӡ



1529 Ѫ
ʬҰһƬǽ塣
ʣµĸ߼ƿߺȻַ壬ɪɪг־壬һ춴ྐྵӵ㺧ʵ
ַ壬ʵ߼ƿеλǿߡ
ЩδܹصĺƿԲǶ֣ڞe֮ǿΪʵȽΣڣƾģǱս
ǿߣôǿߣ
~~
һƬɢ
Щԭһϣĸ߼ƿߣжԶܶԶЩͻᱻж˿飬ʵ۹εȶῴַսжֲ
ָ䣬ʮƿ߻ҷ
ʵȲϱeʮǿߣҲǰٴǿ֮ˡ
ͨͷտҲַһЦ׷漴ȡĵκѪǶ밼֮Уǰֻɫͨųͨʱ
Ӱ漴뿪˫ɽ

ڶؿͨ
ǰһƬĿһʴĹｻǰһ޴ĵ׸ߡ
ǰһƬ㳡㳡ںƿվȴԼĳ֣һơ
ַ΢Цͷ
Ȼ֪Щƿߵ̲ص˼춴ͨڶؿļΪԼ⣬Їһˡ
ַһ۾ѾҵΪͨڶؿĺƿߣǴ٣ֱ֮Ӽǧ֮ڡ
̭ʣνߡ
ǧƿߣ˳Ǹ߼ƿߣʣ½мƿߣƿֻвʮ춴ַֻ͇
λֵܣϿжĺѪԸؽ򡣡ٿأһ߼ƿ΢ЦĳǰЦݿ䡣
Ѫ
ַ΢΢һδô£һĸ߼ƿ֣߳жٺѪҶҪˣۿ϶Ⱥͭߣ
ͭ
ַĿһ߼ƿߣһպһҲ
ӣ˵ʲôͭŭɶ
ҹƽʵۣ۸ߵãƿߵ
Ǻҽװɣҵĳһ߹һĶŵЦݡ
ַ֮һݣһΧƿߴΧļ󣬵ЦҪʲôѪвٵһ͵ڶֵġ
ںƿһҡҡͷ߿
ַͭ壺ûеֺѪ
ַҲŻһεֺѪôжģȻҲڲųˡ
߰߰ɡƿ߶Ժͭһ׿һΪĻе
Ŀ죬ȥҲ졣
ʱ䣬ԭΧַΧĺƿ߱һɢַݸЦ漴䲻֪ʲô£Ҳܲµ֡
֮ǰԼΪЩѪ뿪ڶؿûˣˡ
֮ͣ
Щ߼ƿ߶ԺѪ൱Ŀ
ʲô
ǰߡЦָָǰߡ
ַһ˳ָȥһױԲεˮݣ߿棬ˮݻù˸Ųܡ
ߣúѪһˮ
Ѫһˮ
ַ岻һ
֪ˮʲôeͨһeеı֮ǰΪԼѽˮ֮һա
ÿһ׺ѪԶһ5ˮоַգգۡ
Ȼַ֪кѪף
ΪַֿʱѾףȥͨڶؿĵףףҲַʵ⼸ӦҲŪһЩ
˵࣬嵽ӦС
มַȻף֮΢ϲ
ѹֵںƿΧԼһѪԼ֪£ԵͼۻߡѪȷֵǮԞeҲûôˮȴͬ
1ˮֵƣ˵5ˮ
һף5ˮ
ܻ100ˮַ尵꣬ڲǰԼ񲻶Ϊˮϡ٣֪ĸط
ڣһָԣ
Ʒֵܼ˲׺ѪС
ַ󣬵ͷҪ
ݸһЦѵҡҡͷҶûȤ
ַҲЦЦ
ԇңҪʲôʲôԲںˮeһı˵ͨ
죬ƷֿȥһɣĿһɨƺôס
ַš
Χвٺƿ߻˵ֹսɱ¾ôƿ߶ţҪΨһˮݣҲǼ׵¡
~~ַ˫ͫ
ԲںЩƿߣЩǿ߻ԽݣĲõҲǼ鷳¡
ַĿһɨٿһͷ
ˣ



1530 ռ
Ҫ⡮СС鷳ʵܼ򵥡
һסǿ߾С
ַԼȻҲԣֻﲻսһ춴ŷڇ󣬳Ҳò
ûӡ
ţַ֡΢Цк
Ʒֵܣţַ壬ֻͭ۾ʱɴʮ˷ܡȻ룬Щɵ
ַİţԼС
ַ壬ţ˵ĺܡ
һһ̸ܿΧںƿ߼ַţΪ⣬ţeлǱȽģֹΪĻ룬Ϊڵʵ
пܳΪһʮǿУţ
ͨдط
һǽдطǽյĴطںϣһţʵᷢ츲صı仯
ΪʮǿߣԺܴ
ַ岢δţţֱæţҲе㽻飬ţĸԱ˵Сæǡ
һڼŭĿУַˮݡ
ûһeҶԽΪַԱߵţɴ۾Ĵ·һԲϾҪɱ
ԡ롯Ƶţ룬ЩʵǿĞe壬ǣ˵ͨĸ߼ƿߡ
ţʵ
~~ַ˫˸ǽˮݡ
ЩһˮвeӶеˮһſˮ˹ӳˮһš
ڹǰһˮĵǰҸһͨͷһģһ
ַȡĵκѪǶ롣
ʱˮųâϷʻʢ¶ͬСĽˮֱַߣ΢΢һ
Ȼǽˮ
ԣžͨeˡַĿƳˡ
ȻûעôԲҲܲµ
ȫѹ򡣡ַЦ漴ʮ׺ѪȫһԭΪЩѪҪˣû뵽ܷãһһˮ
120飡
һ㣬ҲǴ´ࡣַкĶ𣬺֪eڶʲô·ѾҪ10ˮ֮ࡣ
ڶı10ˮۡ
ڵһһĞe֮ѡ񣬵ַ岻ԸôؿҪԵĶֺΣսԽԽ
Ѿûʱ׵ʵˡ
һ˵ڵڶûҵʱҲֻ˷10ˮѣԼȻܻصһ㡣
~~
ַ̤֮С
ģһλصeûкȻˡ֮ǰµһeֻڵһؿ
ô˵ؿĵؿпܡ
ͬeйء
ַаǡ
ܿһռ䣬ϤĳϤһ񣬲ûиı䣬ַһ㾡ͷ10ˮ
~~
ˮȥ赲͸ɫʱʧ
ǰһͨ޳ͨޱߵʣϽݣƶˣַ˫Ȼ֮ڴ
ڶ㣬ʲôȴ

һ
͵һ㼸һģһ
ǡ

ˤڵأַ۾գһƬյİɫûκİɫʲôûУʲôоͺһƬû磬ûС硣
һƬޣ
սʧܣΪͷ㽫ڽռ侲˼
ռŽɳ©価ʱ
ۻȻ
ַӣȭоԼ壬κԺиֳһ棬Ǹղ롮ػޡս
ˡ
ڽػצ£ԭΪȥȴû뵽ֻǡͷ
壬δܵκ˺
ǻþôַվӣһ£üͷ΢΢һء
ȴ˵ʵ
ǽռ䣿ַоؿЩƣܰɫİ¼ţҪ衣
ԼҪĵط˼
ַЦá
ԭԞeڶڴ뵽ȴĻһԣeĿŲ˵нˮͿˡ
û㹻ʵֻܽһ㡣
ַͷ
ʵǽeԿס
֪ҪãַҲЩͷۣģؿܿҪ
Ȼ֪һʱ٣Ҫ̫ܳԿ
ߣһϣһȵԼռȥѾأ
ַĿԶǾ޴ɳ©׳ͷ˺صɳӣǡɳ©мĿ׶С΢ɼ
죬ָ׷ǰСɳӡ
ú°ַɴ۾һͷ



1531 ô
ĴѰҳ·ַܿͷˡ
Ϊɲ
һȫĿռ䣬һ磬ʶΪռ䡯Χ˰ɫǰɫѱ̽Ѱʱһʧ˷
ûе·ûоͷ
ҵɳ©ڣȻҲ鷳
ֻͷʱˡַ̧ͷɳ©ʱ֮һûҪȥ֪Ҫȵʲôʱ
Ҳõȡ
ʱͿռоϡַЩƣĻѹֵܣֹʱռ䣬Ԫϡ£о
ûоʱţΨɳ©ɳһſŵСļ
ˡ
㲻μӵؿҲʲô˵£ѲΪe֮ôַЦһҿο
֮ԲμӣҪΪսΪĥʵ
£ЧͬѾﵽ
ɵ֏ɽˣѲУߵؿʼѶȽһܻܿϱeʮǿߣĵؿɱӲҡ
eǿߣһǣ
ҲܹһˡַΨҰοоţ漴ʼڵˡ
Ȼ·ߣֻ
ôɡ
֏ɽҲҪʱɣǿԼħһ·
ҵİħַܺܿ𣬽״̬

бס
ռȻʲôûУǡǡΪʲôûУȰƽҲҪʲôܸӵרעС
˵ݱԺвʱܴ֏ɽȴ类ھ׵ܣʲôҲˡ
һ㱻
ȫ֏ɽڣɢ
ܿܣûʲôʴȡ
ַԴʯôľˣ䲻걻ɣ϶ס
ʱ䣬вš
֪ɳ©ɳѻֻǾ޴©Ȼҳݡʵʱѹȥ˲٣Ϊ
˵ѽ˽˳ɡ
ʱַ԰ħҲѴﵽһٽ㡣֏ɽİħ򾳽ʵ̫ߣǴԲҲ˶١
ﵽĲΣ
ÿһַ嶼ôһ㣬׺һڡ
ϾۻҲ൱Ŀɹۡ
һ㣬һ㣬ټһ㣬˳ɣͻơ
ǡľ硣ַ򣬾ܰİħһ㣬Ժͱһģ˵Ҫԡ
һ㣬ȱ
޴巢仯İħǿۼױڣȴǼ䣬һħҲиı䣬ĸɲǡħһ㡣
ڵɱͫϡաϵǿ
ǿֻһ֣Ǿ
ħﵽ͵ƽ
ַİֹ̤׻춴࣬λ̤룡
սǿ
׻춴ΣֱǶ춴࣬۷춴Լ춴޵УսӦƿ߳СΡ
ҵʵȽףǳ۷춴ࡣ
ܽλ֮ںϣʵȽɿȻ춴޵УսǴﵽжַĵ
ԭΪǿɱ¾սǿᡣ
ֲСƽ֮ǿǵУ
ʱϱeʮǿߣҲԿַ˫࿹ǿϣ벢ų⡣
֮϶൱֮ߡ
ˣںҲһ򵥵£·Ǳؾ֮·
Ψںϣսܴɱ䣡
ʲôַٿȻƳǾ޴ɳ©ͫ׶ʱŴѾȥôʱ䣬ɳ©ʱŽٷ֮һ
˵ȥꡣַüͷ塣
Ҳ˵Լڽռĳͷʱ䣬ϣߣ޷ȷ׼ȷʱ䣬ֻ꣬Ҳ̫á
~~ַ峤
˵֮ǰһϣϣȫ
Լȥe֮ѳ䶨
ԵɡַһЦ
ԼһѾջ磬ǰѵÿɹȫԽʵ
Ѿ㱩¶Ҳ޷ַͷų
ƬһƬɫУ飬ҲôįԼҪ꣬ʱ䲻٣Ҫ
ҡ
ռ䣬e֮δܿ
ꡣַ˫ͷͬʱʼ֏ɽ˵ܸͬһ֣°빦



1532 Ҿ͸ˣ
˵̲̣˵Ҳ
⼸оʱռУר򣬲֪ɳ©Ѿһ룬֏ɽַ岢δΪʱô
İħѾﵽ
ʣµˣַ㶥ʱ˷޶ȵá
£û塣
ںϵͰħ֪ѣΪڽռУоԪصĴڣںȻϼѡ
ַ峢һСת֮
ΪѪѹƣħ֮ǳ֮ѣҵ֮ǰ˫ɽУջӴĹ𣬰ħĹ
Ȼ͞e֮ȣ޴󣬵ֲ
ɫգ֮Ƽ̺ɫУ֮ƺɱͻƣµĲΣѪδʵǿ
԰İħħ֮
Ӵɵ翵ׯƽȡ
ʱܿȥַ˵Ȼƣȴǹʵսһ׶Σֹʵ٣ȫɱ䡣
ֻϧeûаַ֮
İħѳΪս
Ŀ޴ɳ©ȥˣҲѵβַ徲ɳ©һɳӵ£Ϥڶ߳Ȼ
~~
Уһ˸ſַ

؞e
ǰͷȻȵݣ̤ڶ㣬ΣɲַĿ˸ѡһ뿪ǡ
սһΣ
ػޡ
ʵɿȸ߼ƿеٮٮߡ
ʵȻûʲôգհڽػצ£ǲҰܣϧܡٰܣȴȻϿĳͷ
ôַ˫һ򴽱ǿݡ
ûʲô£
䣬ٽ꣡
ַҲִֵĺܣͲԼ򲻹ػޣСǰħﵽʵ˳
ڵѴﵽ֮٣ѩȫա
ģػһս
䣬Ҳϴôѿ
ܿ졪

ַˤڵأ۾ƬɫգϾûаʡַݸһЦ۾Ժֳػߵս
һεİܱ
ΰܱǲҰܣϧܡ
ȲҰܣϧջС
࣬Ƴػߵ˳ʵ˰ɡַԺһһĻطػ޵սʵ籱eʮǿߣȷʵʤڵԼ
Լķ
ͷ¡
սʧܣΪͷ㽫ڽռٴξ˼
ռŽɳ©価ʱ
ȻէȻ䣬ַ岢⡣
׼Ŭһսľַδκ٣Ƚ𲻷ͷ
ҪĻܽػޣ
Ҿ͸ˣַ˫ִͫţһβΣβΣβĴΣͲɲһͷػޣ
eڶ㣬ȥˣ

ڶֵꡣ
ϣ
ͱ֣ͬĵͬĵ֮磬ûκȵľǵǵ
һ൱Ķ֣ǺҪġ
һֵַ꣬岻ͷһͬ
֮µľΣԽƿεġ
裡
֮裡
ûзû֮·Ψǿޡ
ѣַҲδȥ򣬸ʱĥµĵѩֻǻ͵֮ٵľ䡣
ĵ֮ٵܽپ緢100%120%150%ģ
ѩֻܷ10%಻20%
ܶࡣ
ޡ
¼š
޾
ڽռ䣬ſռһУַ徲ĵĴ죬ĵ˼Լĵ֮Уеڡ
ԺУһַڻӵ
ĵ¼ź;ȴ಻ϣ޾ٱ
ַ֪ԼҲ֮ӵʶĶĥÿһԼе裬Ƭ޹¼ӳ⡣
긴һꡣ
ַĵϵĽǿ
µĴ죬ַԵ֮򲻶Ȼ롮衯ԲĺԶǿ˵֮ٺĵһ
꣬ٵɣ
ȻǸռǡޡôͳ֮Ϊ
޵ɡ
ַ˫
~~
ǰһɳӴɳ©л䣬ߴϤַ΢ЦȵһΣһεĲᶨ
ģԴʵ
ػޣһҿôӮַսʮ㡣



1533 eڶ
𣡣
ǰٴδϤ
ַν֮УǿؽڶĽػޣ޴˿Ȱ³ַĵһ˫ͫ׹¶
ػޣ
ռ˺ѣػޱ;޴ٶȴ㲻ַһκ֣ǿȲ㣬Ұܡ
ֱħﵽ磬źͽػͥ
̣̣
ػ޵̲ǿeӵʮأǳԽλַڶΰܱԭ
ƽѷɫһȣܵͰħǶδںϡ
ңѷӳǿ
ӵе֮ٵ磬Ͳֹϧô򵥡
һΡ
أ
צײַ岢δԿҲδռϷ磬ػǺˣͫ׹ʢӿĞeӿƬռΪ֮𵴡
ʱַ壬ȴһƬŰĿհס
վֲ
һƬŵİɫޱ޼ʣ⾳öģ䰵ǿ磬˵ĸо
ٿء
ַ嶯ˡ
ԽػĹצӳƬ𵴵ĿռָƬŵĿհףʱֹͣ
޵һУŰס
߳
ػ޵ͣڰգʱ䱻һΪʧ
ǰĿռ粣ѿ
ͨڶĽݣͨˡ
ʵ㲻ʩչ޵ӦҲӮַ΢΢һЦڶսҲֻϧһԼ϶Խػ޹ʽϤӮû⡣
ֻʩչ޵򵥸ֱӡ
һСŰסǱѩǿһе屶ɡַѷȫһ㲻籾
ɱػޣ´ࡣ
ڵʵʩչڶСս硯뱱eʮǿ߹СԼַʮ⡣
ڽռУʲôҲûС
Ļרĵĸ쵶ר֮
޵δУƾһڶУ㹻վڞeǿߵĽˡ
ϧe֮λѳ䶨ַ漴ڶ㣬뱱eʮǿ߹УһԼɹ
֪˭ϱe֮λˣ
ǿߣ
ǰ貹ַһƬȫµľء
eڶ㣡
Ȼͽһ񡣡ַ˫ĿɨһÿһŲ10ڣԼ֮ǰ²ģҪ10ˮ
2030ˮ
ıȵһҪٺܶࡣַһȥҰнвʮǵһ㣬뼸ʮ
ʮ
ʤֹʮַǿеıٷǵһĶ춴ȡ֮۷춴
һ۷춴ⱦﱾϡٵ½۷춴˷
öࡣַ̾
Լϵ۷춴Ҳ
۷춴֮⣬иعʵ͞e֮⣬عʵűȥܸоǿἫµڞe֮⡭
˵
һĞe֮⣬ʳ10Ŷδܽλ
Ğe֮⣬1žӡ
ַ˫
˵ƭ˵ģʵƿߣ;ΪҪ۶սǶʵ˵һ
Ͱħ
ִط򶼸򵽶ǿ˵ĵزǼиһ򣬱簵ħ
ȫпܽħ

Ͼԭ֏ɽ꣬ħˡ
ֻ
ˮࡣַԸϧõĞe֮⣬Ҫ50ˮһţԼֻš
ţԽħ
ϵط򶼸򵽶Ҳ
ϧַҡͷǰ̽ȥ
ԣǴԵ㲻Ҳûʲôˣƽãȥڶ10ˮԼ110ˮ㹻õı
ŶǡַĿһ
͵һʼЩͬˮҪࡣ
ԽԽʮˮʮˮʮ鶼Сַһ·ȥ˫貶Ҫ
100ˮ
ңĺ󷽣һıݹţ赲š
Ϸһٸݿ׶Ҫ100ˮ
eȻе㣡ַȻ
ıǺεȾˣ



1534 ô£
ȻԞeܸȤַ֪纣¥ɼ
ڲС
ȥ100ˮԼҲûٹı
ﾡã
110ˮĿǰ൱ôģڞeһ㣬ɹһıֻ֮󾫲ࡣ
ַĿڶ㾡ͷڲͬı
ÿһҪ100ˮ
һǼ磬ʲôƳɵģ⣬ҲΪƷ۷춴Ҳ50ˮ۸㳬һԷǵС
ڶһССĽɫ͸൱أȻڱ֮УҪ֪кôίʵеѡ
ַ֪Ψд򿪱񣬷֪á
һŹŹֵӣž˵ͽɫһ֪ͬΡ
ַ۲ãȥ۲
100ˮıаǱȻģʲôȴҪһʺţǡĿǰʵսж
ַ岻֪ʱҲðա
½e֪֮˭±eӵľƲ֪ôַа⣬ı仯ϣܸһ˽⡣
֪֪ˣܰս
ѶϢǺҪġ
£Ͼڞe֮Уһ뿪eսῪʼ
e壬Ǻġ
~~ַ峤о
ڞeڶϸ̽Ѱһһ飬Ŀı飬ַ岢δһһʱ
صһ㣬ַһһʣ107ˮ
漴ѡ뿪

㳡⣬ʱһƬ֮
֣ǻ춴ôˣ
ǰȥˣȻһ㶯ûУǽeһҲûôðɡ
ˣһ￴ɵģԭĺܣϺѪƺ֮ܶ࣬ǰҶƭˡ
ߣؿʱҪÿ
һ춴࣬ߵﹻˣؿ϶һЩͶˣ
ˣϱֺֹһ
һ߼ƿȻЦ̥
ַʵ̫춴ʵõڞeǣe죬֪һ˲ٱ

һ˫˫̰ͫ
ˣͬˡ
ٿء
~~ˮһĹ󣬰޴δ߳Ŀɨһڞe壬Щ𾪺Ȼ
ô£
⡭ַЩ¡
оص˹ȥƵģ㳡һڞeĿµͺǡʲôûıһ
ޡַ֮⣬ҲЩס
ޱ飬ɫĴˮ߿ȥΧһ̰񶾵Ŀַۣţ㡣
ˣƷ֡Цһ
ţЩ¡ַҽȥˣ
һ㡣
ޡַͷ
Ҳ˵Լڽռеֻ꣬ǹһ졣Σ죬ѹһڞe忴ԼĿ⣬ʨϻһ㡣
ΪҶһ˺ܶ౦ַһЦ⡣
Ʒ㻹ЦĳĿܣΧЩeûһǺǵģȵؿһѷĶҪɱ㡣
ַĿɨe֮ƼˮΪô
һʱ
ǰe֮ȫԽeصأΪοı¶λã
Ϊô
ջȻҪ
eıǰ׷ڴ
İɣؿ֪ءַһЦˮǰԼЩɵʵԲὫЩͨĞe
вĞe壬ᳬ
ҵĶ֡ǡַƳeʮǿߣк
ǿߣԼڵʵȻûκʤ㡣

ʱ䣬š
ַԭֻʣʱ䣬ˮݺȥ죬ʣ¶΢ʱ䣬͇˻Ѻľ
˫ɽͨرգ㳡նʱ
ԭЦݵڞe壬ѽս״̬һ˫˫ͫ͸ź⣬ȴŵؿ
ؿ
˭ıe֮
ڞe˵ǿҲ⡣
ˡַĿ˸Զ
ֻùˮŻͺһͷſѪڣĿȥغδֲ֪ȷ
e֮Ƽδ֣Ƭ㳡ž
ٿȻ䡪
䣡~
һڞeȿֺļ˭Ҳ֮󣬳ŵʱǧeΪƣƴȫ
ַ͇һۣͷҲǸȥ



1535 ǵҲ
ؿûκʾ
ѾԣǾǱҪھݡ
Ȼͻ֪
һ֮꣬նһɹأʱʮꡣϵȻУַǰһУǽУĿһƬ޴ˮ֮ؾ·e֮С
ৣৣৣ
ɲȻ䣬һĿֱַԵćɫʱһ䣬Ŀŵ̰ɱ⣬㣬ȫΡ
⣡Ӧȴ
Ğe壬ǲ˼ַϮӴЦ⣬ַǿңֱõ

ַΧٿسһɫϣeĹ赲һߞeͬҲˡ

ڞe屻ˣһȻ֪ʲô
ַݸ
֪Ⲣķǵؿİнֹɱ¾⼸eɱ
Ӧ˵ɱ
ɶ񣡡Ǽe¶ɫַķǱˣŭ쳣ʵȫǺַ塣
ÿһe嶼ֹǸ߼ƿߣٮٮߡ
һԵć岻֣ʵǿ޵ıҲֻǿ߼ƿߣÿһe嶼ǿĶࡣ
æѰ·

أأأ
ڞeһδαˣַ治ɫܿףȻʧЦĿڴʯɱַ壬ȻҲɱ
ؿ൱ȫ
֪ˣ
ػԣֹɱ¾
ɶ񰡣
ܳΪ߼ƿߵģȥڞeһȻַĿ̰Ϊʡ
ǰƫƫԲ
ʺˣ
ߣƣ
ڞeֵ뿪ַ͇ˣһЦ

ַЦǰǵҲ
һЩףַ߰ɣȥһ֮굽ʲô
ͷ漴ǰС

ܿ죬ַ˱
µǧ๬Ⱥγһ߸ϵĵۻڽؿĞeǧ࣬㲻ӵ
ַĿ⾼
ԼκһҪĶ࣬Ի͵Ķ࣬ɵĶࡣ
eӵͬ졣
μܹͨȺԼıeǰӦþˡ
ַĿȥȷһ·ͨȻͬ
ֹӾ޴ɣҹдϣȻ𾴣ҷ
Ѿвˡ
ַţҲѼ
һeۼһЩ˽ţЩü˼ЩԼ˵ĵĿƳ
ַૡ
֮еĹ
͇һ룬ַټһ޴β̬ƫƫ˫ᣬִꪣΪģ룬ǹ졣
ϣĸ֣·ǹһЩܣƽ¼ʵεȵȡ
ַһɨ֪š
ʵźǿ߲࣬ڱeǳͣڵ·һž޴ˮɞeˮɣһһСһֻ«
ʲôãַ档
ٿؼһe彫ְСˮ֮ϣʱ貹󣬵ɲСˮɫһǞe۵³һѪ󷽣˲ᡣ
ʲô
ַЩȻԡ
δӦּһe彫ְڴˮϣˮδӹ⣬ȴһĨ˲š
žȥģǞe壬ֱӲ
ãδٳ֡
ǡַ循Ȳѣ̧ͷɻ󲻽⣬Ŀɨƽ¼ͽܣַаǲ²⡣
һǻ
̽鵽ʲô𣿡ַʵ
ͷŵĵˮӦþǶȡն֮Ĺؼ
ô˵ַ档
СˮһĨʶֻ࣬ҪܻĨʶ࣬ն֮ꡣ
ܰɣַüͷһš
һǿߵ棬ôӮˣ
ѹָղǸe˲ᡣַףҲ̫ѣҪeӣжٞe
ǿߣûˡ
Сˮﲢʶʵֻһɣҹ·켣Ѱġ
ЦˣҪҲѱȵ죬ֻбeʮǿ֮
ַţȷѡ
Ǵˮأʲôַʡ



1536 
ҲǺʼ磬ĿһƣдˮĞe壬ȫʧˣûһ
ַޡ
Ŀ漴ˮ
ȷ֡
һ֮꣬նһɹءַһ󣺡Ӧòֹһȥ
á
һʱʮʱĺܣַдʣǰƣÿһжܣһһСˮγɺ«״
򽻵ǲģeһӡ
ֻ֮ǰһдˮĞe壬ûٳ
ʲô
˺ܿ߱鲻ʮ
ǧeɢһУ඼ڳսʶ񣬵λģһǱeӸʱĳǿߣʵıeʮǿߡ
ֻһʵô׾ܻܣ

ʮһ
ޣַ
һоȫͬֹûκϢѹûϢоƽһյķݡ
ַĿ·ˮ򣬰޹⣬֮ǰʮȫͬ
ǵ񣬶ʧȥ;
ˡַ붮
Ҳǵͷ֮̾Ѿˡ
ַţû´Ӧǿġ
ֻǣڶ̶ʱѪеĻʶ񣬵Ȼeʮǿͬпܰ쵽֮⣬жٞe
֮٣
ǿˮӦһն֮İ취ַȻܽĵؿĞe壬޼
Աe֮Ƽĸؿֻʵս
ͬ͵Ğeһᡣ
ǿˮӦһռ䡣ַ
ޣһ
ַ˾Ųʮˮͻռ֮СԼôڽռ꣬Դ˽ࡣ
ֻǲ֪ռУҪն֮ꡣ
ΨһԿ϶ǣƾˮ֮ļʣһСˮߡ
ߴСѾ˵⡣

δż롣
ַ͇̽ѰԇĻ˵һСֻ뵽eͬҲ뵽
ܹһμӵؿȴǧe塣
Ҳ˵ƽÿвʮe塣
ܼҡ
ɣ١
ַЦô֪أeһռأ
ҲŶǳ鶯Цܲôˣܵȳ¿¿ͷѣǰɡ
ߣһַͬ
ԼռҲźܶ棬֪еô
ߣʮأ
~~
ַ͇һǰһ󣬽ռ䡣
Ϊǭ󲡯ռ䣬ɫḯʴƤ⣬ǲ֮Ҳǵֵµǡ
ḯʴ꣡
ǭϱ츳ġϵﵽ֮򣬲ռ䣬γѹ
ߵ֮һôӦˮɡַ
e壬ֳһʵ⣬һһȥ١԰ԣͬҪˡ
ʩչЩɫδѱɢ
ַ˵ѣֻǺķһ
ô֮ꣿַĿɨһ֪ȥ֪Լںηüͷ΢΢һšô
в⣬ַϢɢδӦ
ÿһ룬ǲַͬҲ⣬͇󱾾Ƿ֮Ʋѣֻ־ͬϵĴһ顣
ʵɣǸӲں
һˣڡ
ַ岻żо桯ģҲûõ֮꣬ϾǵһΣɸʵһ㡣
ռ䣬Ӧò̫󡣡
ַ֪̫ĻҾҪҺþãʮʱָš
̤ɫ֮Уַɫƽػȫûһ˿ܽӽ˵ʴ
ַ°ɡ
߹ϣַܿһƬɽ֮Уﻨ㡣
һУеޱȡ
δüϸϸɽȣɫҶƮ䣬ʲôܣԶһƿߵϢѿٵĽӽ¶һ׶ӡ
ַ˲䣬˫ɫͫȫ
û뵽ҵСӣЦѣһ˫̰ͫĥĿֱ죬˲ɱ鲼ɣСӡ
жһıУ




1537 ǭռ
֮ǰ㳡ַĞe֮ࡣ
û㹻ʵػˮݶһַеģֻҪɱܻñûУɱһ춴ܷô
ɱˣҲɱˡ
Բ⣬һѾַ壬ֻǶַĞe̫࣬ôҲֲԭûϣһôն֮꣬ͨؿ뵽
̩
Ȼײǿģ
߳ɫצֱץַ壬Ժ⣬ޱȳ죬ǰ춴Ǻ֮ֻһץ
꣡
ѵɫҶ¶
ַ壬һȻȻɴͫ¶Ŀ¶֮ɫԼ۶ϵצȫϢ
⣡⣡
ʹģʹ˻ɫѪҺ
һɲǣȻֱֹӸȥͷ­ǺȻѪ˿ͫȻ־Ͳš
ôܣ촦ʶֻʣΨһͷ
ôҲ벻ף׷ʲôһ춴ôôµʵø߼ƿߣǿʵһ춴࣡
ң֮ûС
ֱַӽͷ­飬˫ͫš
ĸ߼ƿߣֻͨһ㣬Լв
ҽģͬһռ䡣ַףҲ˵ͬһλãΨһǸ֮ꡣ
ƽ˵ʮeһ
ʻͦߵģֻǡ
ַĿɨɽȣռ䣬һٸһǧe壬ֻҲδõ֮ꡣ
ֻǣ֮ôã
֮ʲôӣ
ַһͷˮΨһģ֮ضռ֮СռĻֻϵĞe壬
֮򡣡ַüͷ΢΢һš
ȻȥҲ֪

ֻһһˡַɽȡ

֮ģ
ⲻַֹһ˵ʣǭռУʱeѰаַҲڵĻ
ȫ
Ϊռ䲻ܱյģҲû֮˵һ䣬ΪȡʱţиĞe롣
Ͼвɱ¾eڶؿѸٵļ١
Ӧòܴ󡣡ַĴš
ƬܴԼͲôe壬ãҲûõز
һƬô֮ꣿ
ֻ˵
ַüͷ΢塣
Լ˵ͬҪҵڣԼδҪ֮꣬ϾԼڵʵȫһ֮ꡪ
սʶ
ûֻһ·
ַţֻҪ֮ռУôһ¡
ҵɣһ˼ƶ̶˼ƳڞeⷽϾ֪ĶࡣַҲûð취
ܿ죬ַ뿪ɽȡ
ǭռ䣬һ磬ͬĴڣ͞eӵԪ෱಻ͬĶ֮
ңƿࡣ
֮Ϊǿߵģһָǻ춴ࡣ
ǭɽַȵ
ǵġһǭ泤ĺġ塯嶼һ̬ǭǳ񣬾һģͿ̳Ƶġ
ǵĸĵ֮أǭһԴȪǭһǿ߳羴
ַͷ
ԼѾʮ죬ҲĻֻδȫƣǭռеɫ֮谭Ѿȷ̽Ѱ
лַл
ǭһǿߣ̡
оڻþ֮Уȴޱȵʵÿһ·ʵĴڣǱʵġ
뿪䣬ַ漴ǭɽȥ
֪ȷķλãҾࡣ
ǭ棬ǭһĴ֮񡣡
ԣǭɽп֮ĵط
ףַѶϢ̣֮
ȻȫϤǭһȴϤԼĳָ֮ơ
֮Ӧûڣδȡߡ
ܰȻĴڳڡУûС
ַ⡣
ԼʹöǭһǿߣﲢδƳڵڣԼҲš
ΪУǭһ뿪ˡ
ΪûУһֱš
Ҫ뿪Ӧֻֿܡ
Ҫôõ֮꣬ҪôĞeõ֮꣡
ַ˫Ȼ



1538 ǭɽ
ǭɽλڼ֮ۡ
Ҫǭɽغ޾ɫѰҵԴѰǺ֮ɽΨһһ֮ɽ
ǭɽÿǭһǿߵʥء
ǿʥأصĻ豹档
ÿһ꣬ǭһǿƯѰǭɽ䣬ҵ޼һÿǭһǿеִ
ˡַңң޼ʵĺ󣬲ӿ
֮ǰԼƬҲѰ٣һû뵽ǭɽԶߣߣ˽ӽ
ǭһǿ߲ͬԼҪҵǭɽӦࡣ
ֹԼƿֻҪ֪ѶϢӦö
ַĿһɨδe塣
żֻҪԼǭɽһ

߸ϵǭɽƶ֮ϣɫ䡣
ʱɽ£Ѿĸeȴţ߼ƿߣԼ
һ춴ࡣ
ǭɽ࣬Ҫܽ߼ƿߡ顯ֵԱǽ
ǰ֪Ҫȶáһ߼ƿߡҲ¶֮ɫͷ֦Ĵҡ
ΨһǸ춴Ϊ𾪣ȻЦݣĵȴ
񣬴ؿĻ춴ֻ
ַ壬͇
֪һģ᲻Ʒ֡򺣵һߣҲǸողŵ֪ǭɽĹء
ûκβҴţռֱӾ͸ǡ
֮꣬ǭɽϣ
Ҫǭɽ뼯eһ롣Ǹ߼ƿߡȻһֱġ
͇һġ
ϣҵԶĿ⾼
ַһͽֵһͬ룬ֿͬϣǭɽĸeУһԼˡ
ʱռơ
һֱġƳĻǸ鲻֪֪иֵܣһġ
찡ˣ齹ǲƢǱꡣ
ǣѾȴá

ޣַĿ⾼
Ȼûҵǭɽȴײe塣
ĵڶ
ͬǸ߼ƿߣ֤һ£ǾԼĲ²ûe嶨ҲõѶϢ
ǡַٿһЦ
ԼֶԷͬʱԷҲԼҡ
͵һԼɱĺƿһϳԼ˫ɫͫгʺѪ˿̰ɱ⡣
һԶǞeֱɱ档
ǿҵ֮򲨶ˮһԭܷ֮ӳ
Ҳ˶ѡ
ǿռݵַĿһֱӻצ
ۻ辡УһƬŵİɫʵԴ棬⾳öģǿ硣
䣡
Ϊ֣
ַ൱ֲǿ󣬵Ԫϡĵ򣬲չֳʵ
۷춴࣡
ôôǿԭ־ĸ߼ƿߺȻޱȣǿĹȻֹȫӲá
ֻǻ춴డ
ܣ
Ժвдʶ˻ֻʩչһУѱַ顣Ȼʵַǿ
Ҫ֪ڵַߣȫʢ״̬£
뱱eʮǿһϸ£
ͨĸ߼ƿߣԲڻ¡
̰ģȵҪ̰ĵʵַ΢΢һ𣬲ϵѪʱɢоһַٿ
Զƶ֣ʲôڡ
ɫ֣Ȼܼۣһΰɽ塣
òᡭַ循ϲѡ
һһŲʱûƶ֮С
ǰӰȥ뿿ܿ®ɽĿԼһֱѰŵǭɽ֪
ΧɫһȻϡ
ѹǭһǿߣҵĲࡣַ弲ǰЩɫ綾ޱȣմ֮ḯʴ֮Ǹ߼ƿߣҲҪСӦ

ǭɽַȸԾ
һ·;С鷳ȴǡֵĽȻ̩
Լܲ
֮ǿᣬԽǭɽַԽСģǭԴڣм֮֮
̤
ַǭɽ֮ϣĵĿˢˢ˷ܣӣϲãǲͬ
¶Цݣȭһɴ
Ȼޱ飬ȫĬ
ȻٿȻ䣬˫Ŀͨ죬ƽһףȣֱɱַ壡
Ъ˹ȫ



1539 Ƭ
ͻȻĶ֣eһ¡
ɴ۾ۼɱַ壬ŭѡò׵ȵe壬ܽǭɽҪǱɱǿɾͰ׷˹˭֪һʲôʱ
Ҳȫû뵽뵽Ҳֹˡ
ͨƿߡ
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ǰɡַš
һЦڱֹȻƷɾ鷳ˡ
ַһЦ
̾ǭ滨࣬ǭɽҪʮ̫ˡ
ԣӦòֻҵô򵥡ַ
ͷҲǭ滨ࡣ֣ⶫһ˭Ҷǣ
һƬ޷֮ꡣ
šַһЦ
Ҳַͣԇղжʮһ⣬ܹ֮ʮһƬ壬ƽÿĿ飬һõʤ
ûô򵥡ÿõĿ顣
ַţǭɽʮƬֻõа˿ʤ
Ŀ飬˿顣ƺûʱƣϷܴ󡣡
治֪ôַ
ʵؼòõõ֮꣬Լ˵Ҳ뿪ֻ֮꣬õõ
ǾڷֿɣƷ֣ףˡЦ
Ҳǡ
ӶЦıǰ̡
ַŇȥ˫Լ͇ϵǲ˵ֻͨѣҪΣʱ̣Լ
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ʮĸмƿߣǿһӽ߼ƿߡ
սڵʱԼҪɵ֡
ڣ
ϲ䣬ַ֮͡ȻһЦӰ漴ûɫ֮С
̤ǭɽ



1540 Ҳʶ
ɱҽֵܣ˳𲻹죡ҧĿֱ죬ĿŤʵȲҪסҲôס
֮ͣ£һȷΪ˼һΪ֮ꡣ
Ϊأ
Ҫɱ춴࣬˭֪ʲôʱˣһʵǿģһǱeʮǿô죿
ܳΪ߼ƿߣźܳԺͳǸ
̣
ôҪ̣
ɱˣһ󣬺ߣͷϵĴޱȣĿ¶ɱ⣺Ⱥϳ֮꣬Ϊܱ𣡡
ಣ
ټۣǭɽϲǸߣ֣ôûоͷǭɽôô
УΪʲôһʶûҵ
üͷšǲ⡣

ͬ⣬ͬϣ߼ƿͬһͷˮͷӬĴѰȴûҵһʶ
ʶǭɽϣ
ǭɽôĵط
ô£
ӹȱģϵԼƬȲe壬ļ١
ɶ񣬻˶
ŭҵĹֱ죬ֻ˷

ǭɽЩԾĬԵֹǳǸһͬʵǿһڱeǿȻǿߣűeʮǿߡ
ڱeʮǿ棬ӽһǿУ֡
eӰǿߣ
ûֻһϵʵ͵λ
ǿ֮򣡡ͫʶйô

ʱַ壬̤ͬǭɽ
eĽַɫƽûбƴĸоеεǭɽϣĿĴɨš
Ϊԣʤ޹ʹ
ߣżֻỵ¡
ʮʶȻ⡣ַ⣬䲻죬̽ѰҲֱڱ˵ʶϢû㡣
ԣؼǡҡ
Ȱǭɽٿ
ַм㡣
ʶȻǭɽϣʵܼ򵥣ʶ⣬ǭɽ⣬ѡһ
ǭһ˵ǭɽǭĳ֮ء
ǭһԴȪ
йؼ
ַѰ̽ǭɽɫЩǭһ˵ԇ󣬶e˵ɱ⣬ֻһ㲻ʲô
·ߣַǭɽԲνݵ·гš
˷ʱ䣬ȴ޹ɽȻȴܱʧ©
ǭɽذַ岻гʮ죬ŵɽ̧ͷȥֻɫȻ
ߵɽ·̲ѹ롣
Ͼǭɽ룬һ϶ҪĶࡣ
ֻô·ʶȻδͺһȫ
ôңַȻûͷ
ɽ˵
ַ岢żֹۡ죬ߵǭɽˣȻɽƽƽ棬Ȼûз֣
ȴҵǭɽһص㡯
ؼص㣡
ǭɽÿһһġ
ǭɽɽšɽɽвͬϢĵǭɽһƽռ䣬ôռ಻ͬġء
֮
һغ֮򡣡ַĵ
Ͼǭģ֮
ǭɽ֮൱ǿֻ֮ͬԼĲ֮򣬸򲻵
ƺܴ󰡡ַ̾
ԼҲǵһаصģԼ֣Ҳˡ
e壬֮ģ°빦
ǶԷĸֻǷĳؼַüͷ𣺡ѧᣬܻƬԺܴ󣬵û֤
ַһɽϳü˼
˵һ⡣
ҪôɴȫռƬ뿪ַ⡣
˵ɣҪҵҲסַ֮
ǭɽԼԤҪ
ңԼĲ²δ׼ȷ
ķأ
һΣɽַ
޹ɽƱ롣
Ϊδٷְٿ϶ڲż

·ַλ˰ʱ䣬صԭ㡣
ΪǵڶΣԼӿ˲ٶȣһ·ûχ󣬵˴˴кȥϾû顣
´ҹƽҲ㲻ʶ
ûǭɽȻʮ֮ءַһκܿ϶ҵϸȷʣµġƽ
ַȻЦɽ뿪
µĿǣѾµ뷨
ԼõΪʲôҪأ
ǭ棬Ǵַ˫



1541 ⲻҪ
Ȼû
ǭɽɽλü£ƳĺʮƬʮ֮Ҫȫõܡ
֮ʣҲռơ
൱ʵ
ս۾ͺˡ
ɫء
ǿסרעĿʼ˵ռһƵģǸ߼ƿߣȻ춴ҪĶࡣ
ƢԱ꣬Ҫİûô졣
±޳Դһʱֲˡ
ץӮ¼ʻǺܴ󣡡
оơ

طʲô֮꣬ʲôƬķƨأһŭ¶Ъ˹š
Ը񱾾ͱ꣬һʱ̽ʶûҵ罫ʣ޼ȫĥ
ɶӳȥ
ʲôƵطӲˣ
ûУ
ŭ
ȫʧȥԡ
飬ֺúֻܶ࣬ȻһͷˮĴԴһƬҡԭͲܱɱķңѼо
ԺУʱַӰɱ⡣
ɶ񣡣ֱҧ˫ȭֱ
ڇ󣬷Ǽeеһаصģ֮ͬģռһλãʶ֮
ȴʤСһ
춴Ͼǻ춴֮࣬ʲεľԲ࣬޷Խ
ĸٶȣ졣

ַ壬뿪ǭɽ
ɽŴƳǭɽμסλãҲңһ֮סһҲܺܿҵ
ַԼ
֮ʣԺĸe嶷ǸćҲǿ
ϾԼδ֮һ
Ȼ
ϷȵĲ˭֮һ죬Ǳ˭õƬ࣡
ߣкԵĲ
ǡַһЦӰ˲š
ǭռ䣬˵СС˵Ҳ
ٶȣȷķĿ꣬ܿҵһǭȺ䣬ַüͷ΢΢һأֱͣȥ
ڶĸ
ǭȺĲ䲻٣ķֲƬռ֮УֻΪǭ汾ʵޣʶǭһ޲ߡ
ձ鶼ǻ춴ֻ࣬мųΪƿߡ
൱֮͡
ǭȺȴ١
ͣգַ˼ʮ䣬ҵһʡѡ
мƿߣǭ󴨡
Ҫȥʥأǭⶲŵ
ǵġַͷ
ǭ󴨽Žɵַ壬оǲţߵΪʲôҪأ
ַЦЦ㲻Ҫҡ

˵Ͷ繭ವצԥĻӳֱȡǭ󴨣㵲ѣ¶֮ɫ漴ŭôĵӣ
ǭȺĳǿߣδ¹˭
һ춴඼ǰŷ
ֱ֪
أǭˤڵأоǺȻ𾪣ַħһ㣬촽ϣ˭㵽״ģ
ַһЦⲻҪ

ܿ죬ַٴ̡
ȴֻһˣһ޾ɵǭ󴨣޿Ƶġ
ȥַʵ
ߡǭ۾Ƴָ
ַţǭָķȥ
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ֱץߣ
ǭɽһжˡ
Լ
ʱǸм
˵һǭ󴨣ͼ򵥶ˣȻ·ٶȼ࣬һ·裬ʡȥҴ·ʱ䣬ۺٶȻҪܶࡣ
ǭǭܴΣǭ롭
һƿַ߱ߣûжϻȫǭһ
ſ˵
ȭͷӲ
ЩƿмҷģҲаŰɣϣģε˳ӣǭһǿ߶ĶǿץͱץҲûʲô
ַֹһȦ
һλصǭɽ·ȴһ˻Ǵʮǭһǿ߻ÿһǺƿߣȻмƿߣҲǸ߼ƿߡ
ǭռ䣬ѾǼˡ
Ϊܹ߼ƿߣַʣһûҵ
ν󾫣ʱǹؼ
£˰ɣַ΢Ц
ںƿһַͫͷмѣʥأ̤Ľأ
վʥ֮ϣ
εȵҫ
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׼һ£֮ǰ˵
ô
ںƿ߲ԼͬĵͷӦף
һ˷ܲѡ



1542 ƽ
ƽ
ַԼȷδ֮򣬵ʲôط
ǭռ䣡
ǭѪҺĿ֮ǳƬ֮е
Լ޷֮򣬵ǭһȫĵ
ңǸռʱ
ΪǾǭһ֣һſӣꡢϸÿһǭ
ʮǭһĺƿߣһδɡ񡯣ֻҪһ룬һСɣѾ㹻
һţַʮæµ
ǭܴνˮʶȻѪá
ַҲںûõ֮ꡣ
ãҲһ޴֮ǰ֮档
ֻ뿪
Ϳʲôʱˡλַ巢ĸǸԶһ֮أ
Ĵ֮أַ岢δȥ
νջɳ²֣ǭһˣЩȡɣǲe巢֡
㷢֣һһ

ʱ䣬š
Уŵĸǿ١
õһƬģַǰѾնһ飬նڶ顣Ȼʱ࣬̽ؼֻǻ춴ࡣ
Чʣܶࡣ
ֺ
ԼֵģײŻȻٿ
һ顣ַǰǭ󴨣΢Цͷ
Ȼֻмƿߣٶȴ߼ƿ߸죬ΪĹϵȻʷǳá
лǭ󴨸м
֮ǰԼƬַ壬Ϊûôܸһǭ֮򣬶ǭ˵Ѿˡ
Щʲô
ǭɽǭ֪һٽ벻֪ʲôʱ򣬻Ϊ߼ƿߵһ죬Զٽ
ôˣȥôַȵ
ǭ͵Ļعͷɴ۾ַ壺ղ˵ʲô
֮򰡡ַ
һܼ򣿡ǭֻ۾ڷļ١
Ȼûֹɣַ̯̯֡
ǭ󴨲˼ȻһЦһΪΪÿ˸һء
ַЦҿû˵
ǭ˷ܲѣǵͷл̫лˣЩ״Σǳǭһ̲ͣ£ǭɽ
ȥıӰַ岻һЦ
Լ˵˭֮νؼõƬ

飬Ŀ飬飡
ַռٶ൱֮죬Լϵһ飬ܹնƬֻҪնһ飬ܹ׼ߡ
ʵ֤ǭһڸٶȲֹǸ졣
ΪĹϵ
ѪҺӡ
ⲻǭһôһͷˮƢ䱩꣬ȴ֮ԼһƬȻѰҵڶ顣
ȴײǭһȥ
ǣǭɽǲèܽ͵
ǭһ˰Ϊʥأǿ߶ԶΪҵǭɽǭ棬鲢е档
ˣǷˡǭһ˵ıӰмһЦ
۶δ
̤룬ϥ漴ʼ
֮ҲܿõһƬ˵Ҫ֤֮ǰĲ²ͷöˡ
ţͬһǭһˣӹ
ĿԶ˼ĵͷЩ͵ʵȷĿ
Цһ漴Ҳʼ
һû̫Ļɡ
ȴ֪һ˫ƶʮǭһˣɢǭɽÿһַѸǣe壬Ҫӣ
ңҪӵķǳ֮죡
ȡʱ䡣
ַһֱ¶鷳˵ЩǭһƱرɱ黹൱׵ʵ
ǭһ˺ԼͬϲûƬ
ɱˣûκιϵ
ֱӵ뿪ƬҲҿɱ䣬Ͼɮ濴棬ЩôҲǭһ֡
˭֪ɱǻʲô
ԣ⡣
顣ַ¡
ʮƿ߼ͬʱ򣬹ʶºϢ½ܹʮһƬe֣ڲ֮ء
߿飬͸ˡ
õ˿飬Ȳʤȯ
ৣַ˫ٿؾԶ
ֽǰסģİ취ãûֻҪģкܴܱ˳ϵġ
£ˡ



1543 Ǿһɢ
ĲǱˣ
նڶƬɫӵַ壬֮ǰ׼ȡƬȴײϲ̶ֻӵǭһǿߡ
ϸģ۾黹ǳǸ֮ϡ
һ·βǭһǿߣδ⿪ʣȴײϵڶǭһǿߣһοɺϣڶأ
ΣΣ
һ·˳ϣҵĻ֡
Ƕ̫Сˡַ̾ɫ֣ʵǿܴ
ַɫƽ
֪˵ʲôҲν⡣
һ·һƬַ壬˫ϣɣ
ַ˵Ǵϣ÷ϣ˵ʲôҶš
ַȻЦҲûϡ
ʵϣԼȷƬ
ͣ½Ųңַ壬ɫѶһoϢɢŨңһͷħͫ
Ƭ㲻
ַһɱңӵƬҲϲ֮ꡣ
һЦȡƬֺαһҪɱ㣿
ǲֻʲôַЦ
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ַЦһɢʯٰɡ
ַ壬ִˣûκκô
ַʼ硣
ҧҧɫѿˣ
ô붯ַ֣嵭ȻһЦ
ٿعЦһ˫ͫ׹¶ò֮꣬ΪҪ㣿ɱ㣬泩һЩʯ٣Ϊβһɢ
вȴʼû֡
ԣԱһ˿ϣǲԸ֡

Ǿһɢɡûַ֣ǷΪֱӶ֣ӿĴط𵴣ַս˲
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޵絶
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ʵǿַȻвַ࣬ʵȫ뱱eʮǿһϸ¡
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أˤڵأȾѪȻַ壬԰׵촽鶯šôҲûǰĻ춴࣬д˵Ⱥʵ
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Ȼޱȼ٣˻ɱңҲò֮꣡
ַĿǱһ
ˡ
ʼգҶ֮궼Ȥ
ৣ
צ絶ֱַɱ
ԵʴȾǶԼַ̣һƬϲ֮Σôô˷Źһˡ
ȻֱϵƬʧ
ַ׼뿪ʱٿ֮һݣȻʧЦ
ԭƽĵ򣬴ʱȻͬص֮ƬΪǭɽʮ߸֮֮ء
ǹŪ鰡ַ̾
ǭ棬Оe嶼ˣԼ

ǭɽ˷ܶŵĸ֮
򣬻õڶƬһ
ҵٶȣһǼһΨһĶֻһԺֳַָģɱ䡣
һٶ๶һ󣬺ߣ
ţٿоһЩԾ͵ͷͫ׶ʱŴǰǼַ
㣡ֱƺʲô鷳



1544 ɱ
ַɱġ
ʲô
ЩȻȫַ˼
ֱַָָƬ绨״ǭɽܹɱֵģϵƬԭػʶֻܻá
˵ģʱ
ٿء
ȵȣɵַ壬ʲô
˫۾䣺Ͳɱ㣿
ַȻЦһʼҾѾĿġ
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ɱģ
ַһʼ˵Ǿ仰
ƾ㣿·ʲôЦƵģЦɲȻͣסЦİԶַƴ䣬ۻѹȫѹơ
Уһս֮
ԣƾҡַ嵭ڡ
أȴȰֱѹС
˸㣬֮ǰѾɱˡ
ʲô
ɫ䣬Ȼ֪ʵǿü
ƭңҧŤҲģ˵ţսȻַµĵȴȫ޷ֿ
һΣַֻʱ䣬㽫ɱ
в䲻󣬵һԼ֮ǵĵˣâ̡
Ȼˣס
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飬ַʱûɱν˲ңҲˡ
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õʮʱһǭǿ߱ɱƢԱ꣬Ĺ߶ʮһ߼ƿߵʵɱǭһǿߴ´ࡣ

һ
ֱַɱ飬ȥ鷳
޾֡
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ƾԲַܺʮһƬֻõ飬ʣµʮ˿ȫΪַãĸֿݡ
ʵ顣
~~
ʮһֱ񷣬ַ˫ٴλۣɢǿϢǭǿ
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ʱ䣬һĹâǭɽֱ֡
磬ȫ޷ܡ
ۻ֮ϢǿŶصĞeϢַþ屻һصǰȻһ͸ġ塯
̲ǭˮ֬ģơ
֮ꡣַ彫ץУǻ
ϲַ֡壬д˿۹⣬ԭΪ֮˭øٶȿ죬˭֮ꡣ
û뵽·ɱһַ壬ͨκ֮򣬷Ӯ֮ꡣ
áַǫ
ЦƷֹǫˣǼˣܱѪеӮ֮꣬;Ѱe壬
Ŀ¶ɫԷСǳ
ַİ취Ҫ뵽֮ˣֻϧûȥ룬ʧ
֣ɼǣĴ
˰ɡַӦ
һȻЦǿ϶ˣƣƷȵǣ
ǰɡַЦЦ
һַָϵİɫâʲôƷ֣
ҲǺַ˫ӸղԼϱ㵭⣬һ㱣ĤԼ
ַ̧ͷϷ뿪Ĺš
뿪ɡַ
ţԣһǾ鷳ˡ
ַ֪ɱ⣬ϣ޺֮ǣַʹɱ֡
󲢲֪ǣ֮ǰѾˡ
ַɱ


ַǰǭĵ񣬺֮ǰȻͬûκϢѹûϢоȴǿտյޱƽ
·ˮ򰵵޹⣬Ҳʧȥ衣
㾦ʱĵûˡ۾
֮꣬ѱԼá
˷һλᣬӦ֮̾
ַš
һΣ
һʱţʣ»ԽԽ٣ɮ٣ؿͺܲпᣬԽ澺Խҡ
ߣҪõ֮걾ѶȾͲС
ڻδõ֮꣬Ҫõѣ
ַŇٿһЦ֣װɡ
ţȻַ壬ٿƷ˼ǡ
֮ꡣֱַӇ󣬿żɽֻҪõóֵıҵ֮꣬ġ



1545 
ַ˵־֮ꡣ
ǭ֣֮ܵҲеɷݣ˵ƾ֮꣬Խĵؿġս̫塣
Χŵ⣬ǽԼ뿪
ǡǺšֻ˵Ǳʶ
ʶԼͨؿͬʶԼ޷նַ֮꣬ԣܳǮԼ⽫֮ø
ãˬʶЦ
֪ʵǹƥõһö֮꣬΢΢˵ĵؿֻҲǴոһԣۼСã롪
лᡣ
ƷҪ̽ʵ
۷춴ַԥ
Ҫģǻ춴Ʒ
ԼϵĻ춴٣дبؾԪǳãд˲ģֻͨ춴
۷춴ﶼϡ֮
԰ʵԷӳ۷춴
ԼϲûõĴϵ۷춴
⡭ԥһ£û뵽ַĳ֮ߣݸ߹󣬵˵۷춴ҲǺѵõġ
ַ壬һƽȻ
λᣬҪe崦֮꣬ǲܡΪ˱e֮λãОe嶼ƴȫ
᲻úײסǣ
ãصͷ촽
ƷּȻˬ죬Ҳ衣
йâ漴ȡһˮɵ磬͸ǹˮкأɢŶϢϵ۷춴񡣡
ַ˫˸
ܸоŨĴϢȫϣԼܸͬо̲صۻǵϵԼս
۷춴
ֹȻˬ졣ַݹ֮ꡣ
ʱ䣬Χǵһ㵭ʧ֮ɢâסַ彫ֱϣʱһɢ
ޣַ֮
ȫȻδϣչֳ׷Լв㿴ķԼᱻᱻжȥƤỬ
ȫϣһ̨ס
Ѿ൱ɫһΣսӹɡַҲ֪½ϵͬ½ıԶȷıֵǮĶࡣ
ô˵½춴ӦǷࡣ
ϵպ෴
ȴǻ춴ʵֵϵзֻΪ䡮ԡǶս
ٲ۷춴Ƕ춴ܱȡ
һؿˣƷ֡۵񣬼һĨЦݣҲƣһ۷춴Ҳ㹻˽ˡ
ֻᱱe֮ĻֻһԶˡ
۷춴Ժеǻᡣ
õģַ֡

ֻʣԼһˣַ岢ż
ھʮʱ޻ĺܣȥʱ䣬ʣ°֮࣬Ҫնһ֮꣬˵ȫ
гַϸ۲ܡ
ﲻҪİΣֻҪռ䣬ǲκΣյģκΞe嶼޷ﶯ֡
һ񣬻ʣʮһַܿһ顣
ʮ޹⣬Ҳ֮С
ܿ汾Сˮлʶľ֮٣ֻбeʮǿߺǿߵ
ˮռ䣬Ҫõ֮ͬס
õʱ䳤ҲǸ⡣
ʮʱޣ衣
·
һСˮһս
ڶԴˮٽռն񡣡
ַв˶ơ
˵·ǿУʵͽӽeʮǿߣǽսһʶ࣬ȫлն֮ꡣ
ٽռ䡭
һΣԼȫѡϵռ䣬ա
ߣбסַ尵
ѡһ·ʶսϾǿÿһνսƱػˣûһ㾭Լδġ
ǣϾ漶ĳȻڡ
ѡڶ·ؼʱ䡣
֪ǣһٷ֮ÿһОe룬ǧ̯
ÿһռ䣬һǰչ
Լڽ룬Ҫࡣ
һνǭռ䣬Լڽ룬ҵݾҲ첻ǡƣν
ַ˼
ܹؼ
ôɡַһܿ



1546 ʯ
һ취ȻǺãȱս
ַ˵ɹĿԻǺܴġ
һսǿߣѾʣ°ʮһҪҪռ䷽ն񡣡
ԣûҪż
ʮһԼƣʮʱҪʣʮ
ռ֮겢ûôն
Լ֮ǰǭռ䣬߽ݾĻϲſܾʤߣϾҪʮƬȫá
һe壬
ߵڶ·
ַĺȱһҲνؼսռսԣռѡҲҪ
һϵ
ǭΪһֻеƫ£ռ䣬֮Ğeȴնࡣ
ûԼĻܿӮң飬Ҳ
ÿһܸġ֮򣬶ǵʵ൱޴ġ
ռ䣬ֻ֮꣡
ʵսǱȣ
ڽĵؿûκʤ㡣ַǱeʮǿԼδӦ˵ǿߡ
ÿһԼ֮ϡ
ҪǾؿԼĻᣡ
ҲõĻᣡ
棬ʯ棬档ַԺиֳʣ°ʮһȽ̵ġ
Ȼһ棬档
ʵǿȻÿһ涼ǸʱĳǿߣÿʱǿͬǸٮٮߡ
ÿһвѷɫǿߵʵ
֮ϣ
棬֮ͨ
ʯ棬ڵһϵﵽ
棬֮ͨԽ
ʵǵǿ
ƿߺͻ춴һСסĲΣ׺ƿ߷ĸΣżͨͼ¡
н׺ƿߡżǱeʮǿߵʵΣַսȸ߼ƿߣżԲôһ㡣
ż֮ͨ׺ƿߣeʮǿǿeǿеġϵ硯ΪΡ
ϾǶ⣬eǿеļԼΡ
ϣǽ׺ƿ߼¡
̫ӣ֮ﵽʯ֮ﵽַų档
Ȼ֮ûеһ
Լԣûκơ
෴ʯȻֻ֮һǵһԼƿصռƣֿɳá
ߣǽ׺ƿ߶⡣
澫ͨĸ࣬Ҿ糬ԽδﵽԲΪ֮սﵽ׺ƿ߼²Ρ
ʵ񱱞eǿ֮ϡ

ʯܸʺҡַͷ
յĶ࣬ãյ٣Ҳã෴ܸͨ
Լоʵڵ棬δڵ֮£֮ϡ
ߣȫ֮÷Χ̫㡣ַ˼⡣
֮֮Ğe壬ѡռ䡣
e࣬
Լ¾սʱ̫ȣ֮նԣʯռԸ
˼䣬ַܿҵʯ
ǰʯ˫ĿȻǵһȴǵһϸĹ۲죬Ϊ
ԼܿҪռ䡣
ǭռһУַ֪һ
Ը񣬺Ҫ
ǭ̫ƻǰĴʯ濴ܡʵһظоĴ֮

רһʯ
⿴ִַСˮʱ貹ַʶһΣ漴һƬʵѷֵ֮С
ǰâۣγһʯģ͵žųɾơ
ʯ棡


ַ󷽣ɫҰףڴǽϡ
һȥѪգַǿĿʯ棬һЦ
ԭǼĵ֮
ԭǽ׺ƿ߶ս

ַ̾
ս֪ʯжǿ֪ʯǷԼۿ
ȻĴ۲ƣֵá
ˡַȡعʵʳָơ
۾˾

~~˵ַ˫ͫ󲽿֮ǰ˴ʯһۣ漴֣ˮ
ٶȽռ䣡



1547 ȵĺڳ
ʯռ䡣
Ƶطôȥһ͹죬ɫ׿ǵġ⬴ף·ܲ͸磬Ϣȫڣ˵ĸо㤿ɲ
eʮǿ֮һڳ棡
Ϊeʮǿߣڳ澫޴֮һսڱeʮǿĩˣȴһһģʮǿҪӮѡ
ʵȫͨСˮʶͨؿ
ȴѡ˴ˮ
ռٺѾˣΪ
ȥ
Ҫô֮꣬Ҫôe֮Ȼٳȥ޵ڶֿܡ
֪Ͳɱˣڳҧгݣڲ
֮ǰΪܼ򵥣оȫɱܹأõ֮꣬ǡǡ෴
飬eԽ෴Խɣ
ֻһЧʼ
Ȼ֮һeɲ򣬺ڳиe֪»Оe嶼ѽռ䡣
ټϣʯռ䱾̫
ϹĿ̬ڳŭѡ

~~~
ַʯռ䡣
ǭռȫͬһƬµռ䣬ַоһĵʣصԼһŨĴϢڿռ֮УۻĴԪػܡ
ڿռÿһĻĿ
֪Ŀʲôַܺ档
²ȥ֮꣬Ȼûг֣֤ס
ʯʵǭҪǿˣȻѡַҲףǭռ֮У֮ĻȡҲ˽ⲻ٣иྭ顣
ȥûСַ
ռһ£̽黷ѰҴ֮ܡ
Ȼַܿʧ飬ﲻֹûκͨҲûУֻһЩľһƬۻ޾Ĵء
ǭռ䣬ȫͬ
ҪĶ࣬ΪʯʵǿĹϵôַ岻̽Ѱţٿͣ½Ų
ǰһǿϢ
ͬʱҲϤ
ڹ㳡⣬һμʱԼѼס
eʮǿߣڳ档ַһǰԪһ󲨶ڳǼεʱǰֱַͫ壬ɲϢɢ
춴ࣿڳ˻ƻǡ
ǵģǰַò
ڳһﲻм˵һ䣬תȥ
ǰȵȡַ庰
ڳεһವַ΢΢ԥǸȥ
ǰһ޴ʵɽ塣
ɽͶɣһʮء

ڳ£Ƭزǵһ㣬ǲſµַ˫һβڳ¡
ҪĴ𰸣ǰɽ崦ڳͳ
ַͷǰȥ
̧ͷɽѹŽһû񷣬ɼɽֵ֡
ǣַɽм䣬εĿ׶
ᴥʱԺһ󲨶ʯۻַ˫ʱ˸ͣĿԵο׶
ܿ졪
ৣৣ
ַӰŲƣÿɽм䣬һο׶һο׶ѱһʯϡ
£ֻο׶ǿŵġ
ˣڳ䡣
ַڳ棬΢΢ͷؾ裬ǰõģ
ڳͳӦܹҪؾ裬ܿʯ壬õе֮ꡣ
ؾ裡ʯ壡
֮꣡
ʯԣֻҪһؼܻһؾ裿ַڳ棺ȷеĵ滮ߡʾ
ؼԴڷؼ
ַ崴Ľ޵Ҳ֮ͬЧֻһԴڵһԴڷ
޵ܷӳ硣
ؼܷӳ򾳽硣
ûСڳһһľһɳһʯؼ֮Դûκʾֻп򡣡
ףлǰַͷ
ڳĿбֻҪܻһؾ裬һĻر
ַЦЦ
вҲףԼֻײڳһȻe嶼ɱˣֵ̫죬ڹԮֻҪؾ衪
֮ѣ
ʯóִ
Լ
ڳó򣬵ó
ʯΨһǿؾȻԺڳֻ֣֮ã൱֮ѡʮʱޣȻδֻ֮꣬ԽԽȡ



1548 
ؼ
ַ˵൱
ս׻춴࣬ҪҪܳ·Ҫߣһر㼫ѡ
eȡeֱӽƿߣС
ӻ춴ൽƿߣռ֮ΪǱؾ֮·ܴӽ׻춴ֱ׺ƿߡ
ʶʵȽҪشΡ
ս谭
ʯķؼֱǵԼ߶Ǽַ˫Ժиֳ֮ǰСˮʯǴд
ʯģǵؼ
ؼ
ؼǿƺ͹
ҲûˡַһЦ
ԼռǰǴ̽¶һͷˮ֪Ӻ֣ԼĿȷǺؼȫò
ֻһ򣬵㹻
ӦòǴʯǿķؼպáַͷ
ǿķؼӦĽǼĵ򣬶ʱԼķؼԼоӦӦǶĵ
ߣܶࡣ
ӦķؼԼպͬպܷ
ؼԽǿԽá
ؼá
Ƭռ䣬Ǵʯʶÿһŵ⾳ÿһзؼĹؼӦؼ֮
ַ岢ż
ҪҵǴؼĵطվԼʲôûУΨʱࡣ
ҲҪİΣڳǿԹ˲ϾԼæ
䣬һ´ʯ⾳ɡַЦ

аʱ䡣
ַоųɰգյؼϾкʯǰڲʱϰһַؼԼҲܡ
ؼҵĵ㡣
ȥ꣬ѲԼҲ
ʯʩչǸؼؼڡ𲨡һȴĲʹõ仯Ȼ۱
ַǵú
ϾǴʯ
򼼡ַо飬Ľ޵ôġ
Ҫƾմ죬֮£ĳЩٴ죬ͺףͨʵںֻǾ̫Ϳѡ
ԽƽԽ¡
ľĲ
ˮɶ
ֻٲĸ壿
ַгռС
ֻͬȻ𣬶ʤ޹ؽҪռ÷ؼ֮ء
ʵһ¥
ѵǴصַ彫ڵϣ۾ϸĸӦÿһӦһΪмѭʶĿȷ

ңܲĲ
ʲôַţĿĵĴߣռѹ˲٣ʱҲѹȥ꣬Ȼ˵ʲô
ǹؼôǡ
ַĿɨ
ǰһƬӣһ߰ʱϸСַȥٿ֮һ̤ڿеĽŲ͵һݣӡ
ɲȻ䣬һ΢ɼĲšԼȥ
ַһŤɲʱһɸǿĲĸǿ
ԽԽ
ÿһβƽȴһ𣬲ۼӡַ˫ӣӶеĲз·еŴ򿪡
ʵȻ첻κв
һӲԺдʯʩչķؼغϣΧĴԾĴԪأϵַܿ״̬

ǷؼĹؼĲ
ۼӣ
ַ¶Цݡ
Ѿץסؼһǣʣ¾ͱĺܼ򵥣һɢ٣ǧ
˵Ҫʱ䣬ɸ
ʱ䣬һȥ
ַһҲʯ
״̬
ʱַѰҡؼ֮ȥĴ꣬ǹȥһ£ĸҲǵľء
أ
һɾҵĲַΪģʱɢ
һȦȦĲɢַΧ¾ԭĲȫңΧĴԪӿַ·򣬴ԭʯʱӵġ
žž
䣬Ůɢ
ַͫΧӺһವ֮籩ģǼ䣬ΧκŢ¶ַ
ؼַ⡣
ŢõģΪ𡯰ɡ
ַ˫
ʱΧռ͵ǿҲŨĴԪػ㼯γɣһʱž˴
Ǵؾ衣ַץס¶Цݡ



1549 Ūˣ
ôؾ裬ַڵؼ𡯵ո⡣ʮռ򣬽ʩչ顣
ǹķؼʵǿӦǿࡣַ
մʯ桮ʾģֻһؼ
һؼԼѲҰܡ
ʵĲ࣬
ҲԽסַʩչŽ޵Խںϣ޵죬ҪĽࡣ
ֽ׻춴εҪںϣҲ¡
δͷַʱá
Ͼռ֮С
ڳѾնһؾ裬Ҫ֮껹Ҫؾ衣ַм㣬Ժڳʮʱ޽ǰµڶؾӦû⡣
ڵ飬Ͳһˡ
ԣǷȡ֮꣬뿪ռһġ
ַ΢΢һЦ
飬ֵø˵¡
ʣµʱ仹ܳ
ԸһؼַؾδҪȥԽֵԽ󡣡
һؼ㲻ڳ棬뿪
ؿƣǹģԴʯ뻹һַؼǿ࣬ܽӣ
ַͷ
ĿɨƬأӰȥ


ַгڴʯռУƬ޴ռҪǭ࣬Ҫ̽ȫҪܾãгۣÿʱÿ̶ܸоŨĵͳĴԪء
ɳɹκҲڼ
ڴʯռУŸʽĵַͣȫУÿһ߸
ڷؼѰң
ϾһѰҺ͵һβͬؼĴ죬Դƾż䡮ġ
һΣȴκν
ַ˵Ҳһ൱ս
ǷɹӰĽʶַܷɣȫռ֮УطΪ١
~~ַ¶һĨ΢΢ȡ
֪ΪҲˡ
ջ񡣡
ط
ʯ澫ͨΪרһʶƬռַӴǵռ䣬ȫ֮޷ն
ȻΪֻǸս붥͵кܴ롣
Ҳǲˡ
ַһЦ
⼸Ȼû޵ںѳԶߣһĻȻ޵δɣƾʵѾʸսeʮǿߡ
ʶַ岢ºڳ档
Է֣ڳ÷ùɱҡַ򣬲۷춴Լķͬǿ
㼰Ϻڳ棬Ҳ˶١

⼸꣬ռѾ߱飬ûʲô̫ر֮
ҵĵΪô
ַҲЩɡ
ϾԼ𡯣ӦǶĵԴʯʵؼܿܶӦǼ
ôԼķΪǷȱһء
һأ
ǽ׻춴׺ƿ֮Ĳࡣ
ˣô࣬ʱ޻в꣬߰ɣǷ©ַȭŶʮֲ
򣬳˼̬ҲҪ
ոһգ긴һꡣ
ڴʯռ䣬ַĺܳʵÿһʵڻţȻѼۻҲ൱ɹۡ
ǵľܺͽ޵ںһ֣ӳ
սһΣ
ַ˵޷һؼһδʯռ䣬ѲС
꣬ȻȥɡַռгȦɨƬ򣬻ûʲô©
δܸԭܶࡣ
ԼԲβǿֻǷΪ̫ǳȵȡ
ν
ָ޷ǿģоУûҲֻûС
~ַӰصڳڣʯ֮Ǹ߸ߴʯһ׶ֱ񷣬ʱ˺ڳ֮⣬ƿߴڡ
ޣַ֮
һԼ֮ǰԼĸ磬һӦ֮ġ
Ŀʯ壬ַüͷ΢΢һ壬еĿ׶ʱȻֻΨһһؾ裬׶տҲ
ڳ滹û򣿡ַеЩ֡
Լһ飬ʣһ飬ʣµʱѾࡣ
ȵȣ
ַٿһʯ壬źڳƿߣ͵һ
ԼʲôطŪˣ



1550 ֶ
ڳڣƿ߶ʯڡ
ɺô
϶ǡ
۾ַоΧϢƿߵۣռ˿˿ƣʯɢ
Դͷǡǡ׶
ˣַȻʶһ壬۵һ׶УʱһĵĲӿ׶дԺгһ棬侳
κ
žַ۾
ѹֶԭؼ
ַЦѡ
ԼΪΪͽ޵ĴһƬΪ飬д죬ԭԿ׶Ϊý飬ʯֱӡ
ѹôѡַҡҡͷ
Լȫ·֮⼸һͷûУؼû֮ǰʯʩչֻҲ޷
ԣؾֱӳڿ׶Уط׶
ԣͬҲõ˴ؾ衣
ԣֻһַ
ַͷ
ԼķȻ˵㣬ȴȨԼСƿ߸ؼؾ޷ȡߵģԼԡ
ȵŴؾ֣ԼһŽΪҪĳ롣
ѹֺڳôͽһؾϣѹķô̵ʱ䣬Ѿһؼԭмѭ
ţ򿴿ַ֮
漴ʶһ׶ʱǿҲַԼ٣ǰ৵ı仯һƬȫµʾء

֮ǰĿ׶ǸؼģǸؼġ
ԣֻҪˡַһЦ

ˣ
ԭ
ЦԴںڳ棬ĵȫǺϣ泩ʱʯеڶ׶âܿγɣڶ׶ס
Զϧ֮̾ɫ
ֻһƿɫ࣬űĵڶ׶
ڶؾĻãδ¡
˿׶ζ޷ٴиؼ
ʮʱޣѽβ
ڳЦȡһƬįгݡ
ԼһҲ޷ؼǵؼó
֮e塣
һƿ߸սûãϣãһ˵춴ʵʵ̫ͣʵεĹͻ͸Чʡ
Լֻʣ꣬ʱȫ
ñeʮǿߣѲҪطڳɫ࣬ŭĿŸս벻õǸe壬
ϤڳĶ֪ȷŭԤס
ڳȻʯΧĿռ𵴡
ַһ˫
ɱ
Ժڳ棡
䣡ڳĹ׼ݣ˲Ϣ֮䣬㽫һƿɱǸղһ룬߷߲ƽĺƿߡ
Ȼ۾Ǹƿ߹ôҲû뵽ڳ֡
ˣڳڰգŭҸһʱ䣬δĻݹҲ
ȵ𵴡
ڳһڿҧűɱĺƿߣѪһ˫ͫħ
ַȻЦ۾
ɱӺ
ȻֶΡַԺڳЩ˽⣬ԼսʱԷر༤£ʱԽԽۼȻûڳѡһַʽ
в
вԼһƿ߽߾120%
ɱǸƿߣѾûκأΪͺڳһĶֻûе
ԣǱȻġ
һôַЦЦҲںڳв
ַĵһƿߡ˳ЦǿǺڳ棡eʮǿ֮һ֪ڳҲ
ǿѹеǿǱַ塣
Ҳе߻Ầ£־壬ϵЧʡ
˳
££Ÿ¡
תۣһȥ
ãڳڰ֮У죬ܻȼգܺã˷һʱ䣡
˻ڳϢȻǡ
ƷδɱǺƿߣѡַ֡
~ַڳҪ
ԼҲ򣬵һԼʵ͡
ںڳ濴ԼܸؼˣﾡãһɱӺ
εЧһθã
ֻǡ
ɱңַЦʱ䡣
ϢȻǣȻۻһ޵ȻͬĴϢ


ʲôַĺڳˡ



1551 ôǰ
һ춴ֶ࣬ط򣡣
ʼϲĺڳ棬Щ
ʱˣַĵϮ缲磬ֱӺڳԴ߷ӦҲ죬Դһ⬰㣬צֱ̽ȡַؿڡ
ϾǱeʮǿߣȻַЩֲڳʵһһġ
ȫڳںַĹeʮǿжķͨƿҲƿᱻˣ
Σȴͬ
ô£ôôԺиոֳһͷڳһʹϮ类ɽײһȥ
ǿĹ
ڳ
ֻһغϵĽսһӻңǰ춴صļϵǿ
ɶ񣡡ַǿ˺ڳеŭ
Ǹ߸ϵıeʮǿ֮һ
ֻѵe壬бeѵķݣһ⬰ļ̺ȻĸӼ⾫ơ
꣡ϣ
ڳ͵һֻȫļ⡢ףϢı仯ҧĿֱ졣
һˡһԵĺƿ˳ɫ΢΢
ϤڳĞe嶼֪ŭˣҡ
ʵȫ
䣡κĺڳٶȿһצ͵ĻӳȫǼâս
۷춴Ѱ
Űסַ׼
޵ʩչӲڳĹ
ǿĵڳ֮һݣȴ㲻ʱâ棬ڳ汩ֱȥַ嵶ֲĹٴϮ
eʮǿߣ˵
ַ޵ǿƾչ¶ʵǺڳ֡

俪ַɳ۶ڳϮٶȼ졣
ɱһԹսĺƿ˳ҧַԩ޳𣬵Ҳ֪ڳĿġ
ֻҪַһܾͰȫˡ
˲䣬˳סˡ
Զַվȴʧһ㣬壬Ϣһּ˿µĲΣһնĴڡ
ʲôڳ˫ͫ
˫צã⣬츳һ⼲طԷؼڳʩչǿĹ
ֱǰĶֺΣա
ȫԸ

Ǵˡ
ַģ
䣡ַˣצӳ̺ǿ磬ƬռһƬûϢĵնһС
һгա
޵ڶУս磡

ǿǿַͺڳƺһȥӲһУ˭Ҳռˣڳ漫óδ̫ˡ
ַ壬ӵ񣬸ڹռƣǰȻ
eʲôʱ˸ôĻ춴࣡ڳа嶼Ƿ飬Ȼûˣַ幥ʵев
δվԶѺ
~
ǿϢϮ
ɶ񣡡ڳ¶ӭȥ

˫˭Ҳκβ˭
ַĹǿڳ棬ڳķȴǼ˿£Ϊeʮǿ֮һڳսҲ൱ḻ֪ﳤ̡ܶ
ҵڱeʮǿ߼Ľ
ֱһԵĸ߼ƿߡ˳Ŀɿڴ뵽һ춴ʵֲ˹ڳͥ
ˡ˳ƤһأɫҰס
ΨһϣǺڳɱַ壬һ˰ˡ
ڳ
ַҲɱڳһ
ǿǷǿַʹڳ˵İգҪɱ
ˣаɱٶֲ١
ˬ죡ַ֣ͣ¶Цݡ
ڳǿ˼ɵĴսһ
ڳɫ粻һ˫ֱֱͫĶַ壬Сӣ㵽״eӸûĻ춴࣡
ַһЦ͡
ɵĺڳԼȥ롣
ôǰַЦʵ
Զĺڳֳһ£ﰵþȫȴ޷춴࣬ٴȥʲô壡
ߣڳ氺ףɫŭ⡣
ַ΢ЦǾʹɣǰǱ޳ԹҪɱҡ޷ǸַָָԶ˳ɫһףȥ
ôڳһ
ַźڳ棬оһǰȥ԰ɣ
ϻڳ
ַڳ棺ʣµǿؾ裬ͽҰɡ
㣿ڳüһ
ôǰңַЦ
ڳ뿪ڣȴǶںڣռʶַʵʱѽͨĻ춴࣬ڳüʵпֻǡ
ֻʱ䲻԰ɡַ
ڳͷ
ַ΢΢һЦһ곤ĺܣ㹻ˣҪǶһѣ



1552 ϲǰ
һѣ
ڳüͷһšֱַ壺ʲô
ַǻָǿտҲĿ׶Ͷ
ꡣ
ҰϣӮϣ䡣ַڳ棬ƿ
ڳһЦ
ַЦľֶǰ˵ܻ㣬ˣõ֮꣬ĵؿӮˣ޷뿪׬һʣ԰ɣ
ڳüͷ˼ַĻ
ȷˡ
˵ƺǺ覵Ķľ֣Ӯе׬ܾﲻԾ˵
ñeʮǿߣô˰ɣַЦ
Ҷģڳ۾һɣͶġ
ֱַȡϵֱӸԶĸ߼ƿߡ˳ߵɴ۾ȫȻҵĽӹ亹ɪɪ¡
ʲô
ڳɫٱ䡣
ս֣˳ǿ۷춴

۷춴ô󣬾ѹ˰ɡַźڳ棬Цǰ⣬ûеĻѹһ춴Ҳԡ
ڳɫࡣ
ʲôûеĻ
۷춴ȻУǡӰ
Ȼַѹע˼һ춴۷춴춴ôõó֣ҪǴȥɡ
Զ۰ͰͿ˳ڳҧгݣһ˫ͫҪɱƵġ
˳ᣬĶˡ
Īǹ
ǰַ廽
ãѹڳҧݶ꿦ͷŭ𣬴ʱﲻԾˡ
ľֿӮ׬ġ
ǽڶעСĻϡ
עĻôӮоԼˣ
ȥ
ڳȥ˫ȭ絶ްĹŹ壬˳߻æӹǳȵףĪˡľֹֺ֤á
ڳӮãĻ
˳󼹱һƬңᱻͲɱ
ľǻ춴ַ࣬΢Цĵ˵ͷ˳ǰһڣ⿴ɵĻ춴࣬룬ЦصǺڳ£
˭˭ˣ˳г̾һһƬ
ô˵ˣǰ
ףǺˡ
ַһЦ
Ӱ漴״̬

ַ˵ǱӮĶľ֡
ʮʱֻʣһ꣬Ҫһʣµĵؼȫûաʶܵȵʱ޽ȥ
°ʱ䣬Ǳġ
ڵʵȫսʵ档
Ͼǲ棬ֻʶ񣬶սΣϤսʽػǺܴġ
ԣ㲻ͺڳģöؾһҪȥ
֮꣬һǺڳġ
Ͼնؾ衣
Ҫһö֮껻һ۷춴ҡǴϵģô׬
ң׬ļ
һö֮꣬һ
ڶö֮꣬ٻһ
֮꣬Ǹö
ַȻЦ
ؿԼ׬硣
ȫɣַʶٴμУ׶֮С
꣬˵Ļᣬ˵ǺƺڳֶΡ
ԼҲţܸؼ
ʱ˺
º
ʲôڳɴ۾ʯĿ׶һâȱ覴á
͸Ρ
ֹڳ𾪣Զ˳㵵Ŵͣ˼顣ľȻĵе󣬵ڳʤļʻ൱ߵġ
Ҫڶ̶̰ʱڣһؼôܣ
£ֻ£
ܣܣ˳ʯڳʱ͵ķӦĿ৵ֱ˳ڣɫһƬҰס
ַ塣
һʱַץס˳΢Ц
꣡
˳Ȼ۾ʣֱӱɱ
лǰ⡣ַԺڳЦ֪ڳԸϾ۷춴Ǻڳһֱùߵģϵı
㲻ҪҲãڳҲҪȡء
Ȼڳᡣ
˳
Ϊľּ֤һ𣬾Ѿһˡ
꣬ĹӲд
ľֽԼɱڳҲŹ
~~~
ͷɹâؾտʯ壬ڳɫһƬѿʯȻۻ
žϣ~
ʯһâʯֿ
â·Ƶģһѿĺڳ棬֮ꡣҧ꿦ڳŭַ壬֮ȴѡ
κβַ塣
֮ǰѾֹһΣڳַ֪ʵ
ϲǰַ΢΢Ц
ʱâ£ַͺڳͳռ䡣



1553 ûɣǰ
ৣַͺڳͬʱڴʯС
ڳŵ⣬ַʲôҲûУڳɫȴһƬַ࣬Цݡ
֪ģΪõַ֮塣
лңڳҧгݣм߸
ַһ㵣ȻʧЦûɣǰ
һǰ
ڳֹ࣬ǲ԰ѿʱҲ˲ô࣬ҧҿԸߴӦһЩ
ַ΢Цҡҡͷ˼ǰ
԰գתȥ
֮ǰڳԼмֵԼʵѲһѾûô
ٸһλᣡڳ淢꿦ѹżȷŭ
ַЦЦ
вeãԼں
䣡ڳŭĹһǿ赲޷ġַıӰڳŤڵģ
ҵֵûк֡
ԶС

ʯ
ַ岢ں
кܶѣ籱eʮǿߡ
һؿұǵзѣЩѲ侮ʯѾмe֮λãОeġ
ߣʮǿԼսҲûʲô¡
֮ǰҵսѾʯλбeʮǿĩˡ
ķؼӦλʮǿжˡ
ַЦЦ
йâʱ¶һԹ壬ȭףϷȴһУһѰѼ⵶ʵȴ޾Сɣǡ
һ
ѹֽˡַУϸ۲졣
ŨĴԪۻĸоذʵأѹ
һ۷춴
۷춴
ޣַ漴ŴС
޴צӾ׾ٵĴ͸оƵģν˫צסַȭޱȵϣһ֡
۷춴Ȼͬ졣ַ͵һ
߳
˺ѿռĿٺͷ
ϷһĵУռ䶼˺ƣ䰵⻹δϵ״̬ȫϣԼĹһ¥
޷ִ۷춴ֲ㡣
С
񡣡
һװʱҲ㹻ˡ
ַЦݣгС
ʱ޽ֻʣŸ£þĶѾַһȦܹʮģҲ˵һؿѾʮe塣
ֵ
ŸӦûһ֣ʮҲͰʮͷ
ǣĶˡ
һؿַȤ
ȻᱱeλҰģⳡʢ£ϱeӵڶǿߣʵ˵һ벻⡣
֮ǰ
ȣûýһؿƱ
ʮ档ַ۾ԺֳһܣÿһʵóȣԺжļ䡣
ÿһʵǽ׺ƿߡ
Խ׺ƿߣﵽʲεġƿߡ
ʮ棬ֻǽ׺ƿͨǶǼ¡ַϸɸѡܿҵ׺ƿͨε档
ͨΣ൱ڱeǿϵ硣
ʶ񣬴ֻбһɵʵַ򴽡
ʵ࣬Ʃ湥ǿȣƣйսΪɫ
˵׶ԸӦǡ
Ʃɡ
ַͷ
Լ¹ǿģΪԼǿж񣬼ϱǿᣬȫܹ⡣
ҪǣԼӦȲεĹ
Ʃ汾ʵҲֻǺǿ׵ƽĲֻбһսԼɱĵؿǿ߱ذɡ
һʼԼĿ㲻Ǳeʮǿߡ
ǿߣ
ϵ磬ԼǿĽ
оŸ£׼һ¡ַĦȭƣܷõ֮ûκλɣڵʵնһ
Ʃ棬滹ǹ棬оųɾϵİ¡
ֻʱ䳤̡
Ͼʶսֻбһɣ׺ƿͨսʶֻżΣ൱ڱeʮǿߡ
ңʶĹ·͸
ʵͬѵõַһЦҵʵŸ²˵жٽܽеսúһ
ĵؿǰս۷壡



1554 Ƕˣʲô
e⣬վһȺƿߡ
ÿһ̲ǿϢeʮǿߣײβǿߣĸ߼ƿҲǱeԺյǿڡ
Ϊ㡣
ͨȺԼıe
Ǳe
һؿ֮أͬʱҲǾe֮ĵطʱؿֻʣʮ졣
ʮ߸ǿߣһá
ģ϶ѾΪ׵ǿߣ⣬ϵ磬߾λûһeҿĿͶǴżɵս
ʣĵؿؽΪʸ֮ġ
ٷɶ궢ǣںڵͷţˮ죬¶аЦݣͺ޼
ˣϵදƵϣɫӡ
~~ЦŲӡ
֮⣬¶š
ЩСඳɲҵĶֻһ
ɫٿһ˫罣ֱԶһӴɽ˫ֽǰھʯϣͫŵ棬ûκС

аգϵ絯ʮĳȱ˸λá
ҡҡͷϵ磬˫Ȼ֣ܺͲͬˡ
ϵȻһЦңҲĶ֡ĿͶϵ㻹Ϊe֮Ҳص¡
ǰɣǳ鶯
ϵգգ۾ȻЦЦģҪĵؿôһδ֪֮
ԡͷ
ϵƼĹȤսҪδһս㿴ϵָ󣺡Сһ춴ʵܴһؿ
Сһﲻ򵥡޵
ܴĵؿģмƿ߶ûУһɫĸ߼ƿߣΨǻ춴࣬һѣ
˵䣬ٿء
~~
ĴһοڞeĿͶȥʱϵͼȥҲüͷ΢΢һš
һ춴࣡
ʲôʱ򣬻춴ôˣⲻ
֪Ҽ͇һģȻҲܴĹأ治ϵ΢΢Ͷַżֺ档
ЦЦ漴ϵ磺Ӧòֹô򵥰ɡ
ϵݸһЦʣʵҲֻǻ춴ܴ࣬ѾǵļޣǵĶֻһ
Ӧصͷ

ǿУǿһ
Ĵڲֹeʮǿ߼ɵϵҲǡȥĵؿܿͬ裬Ϊһƿء
Ǳeǿߣ

ڳˡ
ʮʱ䣬㹻
йؿľ飬ַʮŸѾˣûҪҪץʮʱ䡣
ĿɨОe壬ַܿסĿꡣ
ǿϢ
ǣǱeǿߣַĿһƳe壬Ľӣߵʮǿ߾Ǽǡ
ৣ
Ŀܴ͸ѡ
Ժڳ档
ŭޣŨŨԹ
ַ΢ЦĶԺڳͷҪ˵Ŀ⡣ײԼ뵽ȫûκξȡ
Ʒ֣ԶЦݵ˹
ַ֡к
Ҿ֪Ʒÿβʱޣó΢΢һЦ˵ʵڵģղһꪣˡ
ַһЩСС顣
ںڳģĿ棬ַϵУ̧ͷƳԶŭɶĺڳ棬ζַĳɱ⣬ʲô
ַ֡һЦ
ɢݺ⣬һͷĦצӣС
Ÿʱ䣬Լֹ֮ǰںϹ̣۷춴ϣڽһؿǰԼս۷塣
δԵĽԼѲ山eʮǿߡ
ڳ涼ҵǡЦ
ǶˣʲôַһЦ
˭Կ˵һء

͇һַٴ뿪
ͬûнeķ֮ǰ˺Ҫصe鷳Ȼ˷һﳬֵ
ϴ뿪ʱԼʣ107ˮ
ϾҪĵؿ߾ͿһΣŽˮûʲôôһܲܽǸδ֪֮
ԣֱӰùȷľ
ʮ졣
107ˮ
ޡ
ַeڶ㣬˫ͫ



1555 ô
ַ壬ӵ107Žˮ
һ֮ԷأΪΣ߲ɣͲ͡
ַ˵eõıĪڞe֮⡣
ڶĞe֮⣬50ˮһš
һţһ붥107ţܹŞe֮⡣
ֻţԽħ
ͬ޷ϵط򶼸򵽶
۷춴ھǶ࣬кһһ㹻ǿսٶ༸ҲֻǽοѾûʱˡ
ַڞeڶ㡣
ĿɨĿıÿһãôֲǺܴ󣬲ܴԼս
Şe֮⡣
ҲֻǸطԴ֮ĸӦƿأǿһЩ֮ȫȻ󡣡
ַ
֮
һ֣רһһ֮Բ·򵥣ֱӣԽԽѣλ򣬼Ѿѣ˵Բ
ڶ֣ںϣַ֮ںϣγµķͬλϵķ֮ںϣ෴Խںϵķ֮ںϺԽǿ
֣һȫ֧ȫԴԪصĸӦƿأһΣԼںϣһġΡ
ָס
Ŀǰһ֡
ַ΢΢ҡͷҵ̫ͣϾ࣬ҲһռƿߣȻ㷨֮㹻Ҳ
ʵΪศɣͬҲ໥Լ
ֻʣµڶַ֡
ںϣףʵѶȼߡ
ͬΪķ֧֮·ҪںϳȫµĴҲǼѡ
ֹҪԣҪ¡
ԼԹؼڵ֮У֮·ںҪ򵥵Ķ࣬ɻѴʱ䣬ʩչֻܷһ
ںϣҪܶʱ䡣
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£Լȱľʱ䡣
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ÿһҪ100ˮ
ַ˫޷ʵڣһ50ˮ۷춴һõģ
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100ˮģίʵЩġĳɷ֡
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ʮʵȫûκԡ
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Ϸһٸݿ׶Ҫ100ˮ
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ֻȥ100ˮԼe㣬Ҳûһֻ˵Լ100ˮҲһˡ
Ԟeһڶıֵ
ıһ붼100ˮ𣬸500ˮ1000ˮ
100ˮֻһƱ

ƱҲƱô
eڶ㣬нػޣֻлܽػޣeڶ㡣ַ£Լ˾ţ֮ŻܵڶĽػޡ
սΣ
ÿһεʧܣڽռ䡮ڡ꣡
ЧҲǾ˵ġ
㹻ʱ䣬޵ĻԼͻͽǴ޵ջܽػޣeڶ㡣
£ٴ
ΪڽռУÿһֵġͷֻ꣬ǹһ졣
ڶнػޣʮ֮˾ҲСַૡ
ԼڵʵܶĽػû⣬ҪĽػޣǸܵ£ܱԤ֮С
ؼǰܱ֮
͵ڶһĻҽᱻռ䡣
ֻҪ100ˮڵսʣʮ죬ܽʮνռ䣡ַ尵ݡ
ռ䣬ṩԼĿǰǷȱġ
ʱ䣡
ôַѶĿ⾼Ȼ



1556 ֮

ˤڵأַ۾գһƬϤĿյɫ޼žͺһƬû磬ûκ
սʧܣΪͷ㽫ڽռ侲˼
ռŽɳ©価ʱ
ۻһַ岻ֹδκΰգ¶һĨЦݡ
Լһģһ
Ȼнػޣʵ˿¡
ֻܺͱeǿ˰ɡַһϽػޣԼ޻֮ܿ㱻ܣ׹
ٻصռ䣡
100ˮֵַ⡣
ʮ죬Ҳ˵Լ100ˮ3000ʱ䡣
Ȟe֮⣬춴õĶࡣ
ȻʲôҲûУԴϡ£һƬžյȫʺԼ
ţַĿƳԶľ޴ɳ©ٿһ
ҼǴ˻ۻ
ַüͷ΢أԶľ޴ɳ©ƺԼҪ󣬴һֹ
֮ǰ׳ǧף
ˡַЦ
βͬͷҲͬ
һֵıչز꣬ǰ˰꣬Űֻ꣬ߡһǧꡣ
ַЦҡҡͷ
ں෴⡣
¼įߵıǿ֮·ǹµģڽһؿǰгʱԼ˵ûбõˡ
Ȼﲻܸսֻз
Լкܶ
гʱ
ʹӷؼںϿʼַܿ״̬

һǧꡣ
Ľռ䣬ͷʱȵڶַ˵˵ǳͷʱ䣬˵ǽʱ䡣
ԭԤƵǧ꣬ʱ
֮ޣ
ַ꣬彫ؼ𡯣ڽ޵һС
ǧַ꣬彫ؼԲ𡯣ڽ޵ڶС
ǧ꣬۷춴񡯡
ǧİ꣬۷춴С
ǧŰꡭ
~~ַ峤һ
վڶ㾡ͷǰݣֱͨңԶ磬ͨδ֪Ğe㣬һδ롣
ΪʱѾ
ޣƲ̥ǣȻˡǰڽռһͬб
񣬱Ͱս޼׼ȷ˵
Ҫǿһ֡
ֻֻʹðս
ϣǿĵˣŴصۻ룬ıͣһ壬ƿؼѡ
ַ岻ֹ޵飬ںؼڽ޵֮С
ڳ棿
ķסҵĹַʮ㣬µԼȱeʮǿǿġ𡯣֮ڳй֮޲
ս޴
ӦѾeʮǿˡַȭ
࣬ǿϵ硣
ַ΢΢Ц
Ľ൱⡣
ֻ107ˮһŞe֮⣬ط޷eʮǿ֮˵ǿȡ
ڶһܲΣʱѾ
ڵڸҪַǰһ㣬ķ3ˮǶһһʣ4ˮ뿪

e⡣
ǿ߻ۣǿߣʮǿ߷׷ս⣬ȴһؿĿʮʱޣѽ󵹼ʱe֮ᣡ
λһҵġͷڣϼ£ОeУһȻϢǿûһeС
˭Ҳ֪Ŷ֪ʵжǿ
ֻ֪ʮǿб¡
ۻվһ˫ͫĿޱ飬Զ²͸ЩʲôʵǱe֮ߡ
ţ
Ȼ⣬ϵ磬ߣпʶλδ˭Ҳ֪αe֮˭
ֻл춴ʵćͬпܡ
~~ַӰ
ϢĻصսַ΢΢ͷַҲշȻһЦ뿪ʮ첢ʲô飬˭Ҳ֪ʮǰȻͬ
ʱ
~~
Ĵţһο
һ̣һeӱһͷԵĞe壬ͷֻ߸ëĶ䣬۾һЦݡ
мƿߣַ
ǵڰʮߣҲǳΨһһмƿߡ
ëļƣıٳмƿߣƾ۷춴߼ƿеٮٮߡܵ
ַţͷ
ٿء
䣡~~
һƬ𶯣e֮ɫãһ鰵٣ֵӰ¶Ǳe֮
Ƽ



1557 ǿ
ȥeõĳϡ
֮нᵮµıe֮
ϵƼдµįıӰһˣ˫ŲɣͫɨОe壬ϡ
~~
ɫסƼӰʧƶˡ
ǡȻþδɢȥƼȻʧڞe߷ΧֻʣǰΡıeǰ
̿~~
eĴţ类ƿصĿ
ɢžӨ͸أȴڹ⾰ÿһeסȻĵȴȫһ̡
Ȼûһe֪һؿʲôƼָġ桯˭֪βܵõĳϣĳȣѡ
ǿߣ¶˷֮ɫ
ᱱe֮Ļ
ڞeȴűeȫ뱱eѰ䣬취õϣٿȻ䡪
ݣݣݣ
һӰȻӱeŴӿһڳ׶ϸźɫۼףצĳªĸߴޱȿ¡

һe廹ûӦ㱻۹һצУ϶춴ʱѿǿĳڵɳ
߳߳߳
һ۹֣ЩڱeǰĞeʱ꣬ӦֱӱУһe屻ͷ۹Χסֱɱ
ڞe壬һƬȻ
ȫ֪ʲô£ǵĵؿͻȻȴѪɱ¾
ػޡַһ۾Ѿϳ
ǵڶĽػޣһģһǱĹʽһģһԭʼķʽֱӵǿ󹥻
̲ǿĞe
Ľػǽɫۼף͸׳Ӵַ
ʲôȫˣۼһǿĸ߼ƿ߱Χɱȫգѹرյ֮
ػޡַڶ𣬇Ťͷ
ַ΢ȻһЦõġ
ǰػ˲ʱӿʮͷ֮࣬ڞeȻһʼ˸ֲܿ𷴻ǿΪףڞeսС
ƣܿ챻Ťת
ػǿֻǵڶģʵ൱ڸ߼ƿߵٮٮߣʮe壬һǸǿ
վں档̾ѡ
ػֻǳ嵽֮һλã岻ȥˣűeһھӢǿߣǿߣ⣬ϵͽݿ࣬ÿһιɱһͷػޡ
ֻǱһʱѡַһЦĿ⾼ǿȥ
ȥüͷһأ
ַЩػԴԴϣ֪ж٣ѾһЩe뱱eˣٲȥʱҪϵĽػ޿ɲֹôˡ
ڻһǿ߰æֵʱûôˡ
ͷ亹䣬ףлƷ֡
ַһЦҡ
԰գһֱȡǰ
һƬս״͸ַ˫צͬʱӳһһʽʵлһ⣬ӿŴرԴĹͬʱŴصۻ൱֮ǿ
Ул
¡䣡
ַ忪·ɱػޡ
ֹć󿴵ɵۣһeҲǵɴ۾
һ춴ǿ
ûɣ
УҪַ࣬ƴĺڳͻȻϮ屩ǣȫ⬵ļ񺮴ֱַ壬ѪĿ
ȻûУȻǱeʮǿߣ
츳ķκθı䡣
Сģ֮ۼʮǿеĺڳ׵ͻȻϮſδַ·δ֪㣬βֱ֮Ӻɨ
޵¼Űף
ں˷ؼļŰױ֮ǰ޵ڶпսǿϴطԴĿޣһַʩչ¯ࡣ
ǵһʩչ֮ڳһνʱ
ǿ̫࣡
䣡ڳ溧Ȼɴ۾͵Ϯɷ򣬺ɫ׿ǾǱѹƵģβ޺ֱѿѪɽ
Һһڳ汻ĵɳȥȫס
Ĺôôǿ
ܣ
ڳ漫ѪĿôҲ벻պֻǲַ֮壬̶̲Ÿ¹⾰ʵ˿¡
ǿֲ
ײڹǽ֮ϣڳʹģҧгݣǿҲˣδعǰǵ׳ΣϤϢһγ֡
ڳ־ǱԼУ㼲˺Ѷ
߳߳߳߳߳
޾âһâڳȫ˺顣
eʮǿߣ



1558 
һĿ⾪ҳ
Щ߸ϵĞe壬δгһջһ춴࣬˺ֽһ߼ƿɱ
ɱǺڳ棡
eʮǿ֮һԷƵĺڳ棡
ǿǸ߼ƿеٮٮߣ
ܰɣ
⣬ⲻģ
̫ˣ
ÿһĞe壬ﶼڷë
еľʵȺڳࡣ
Ǹֶ֪Ļ춴֮࣬ǰ۶ÿһ۵ġߡսõĵѡ
ղŷʲôǲ֪
ֻڳ汻ɱˡ
һ㱻ɱ֮ûС۳ʲôԭ۵ʱʲô͹أЩҪҪǡ
ڳˡ
ڞeַȫˣӲмţɵ£֮δıeʮǿߣšüͷ
ͺڳϵôڳ汻ɱָоǳ
ǿߣѽ뱱e
ৣַɱڳ棬ĿһɨeȫҶӣ˵ڳ汨
ûκͣЪַ弲򱱞eڡ
˷һʱ䣬ڳһҪ
뱱eһδ֪һԼ֮ǵĵںߣַûôɵºڳʵѾ첻в
ˣȫġ
߳
п·մӴŴӿĽػޣַһצһֱӻɱڵʵڳ涼ɱ˵Щػޡ
ǰͨ衣
ַ廯һ⣬ʱ뱱eţһڞeȿַֺ롣ǰâ貣޾׹֣·һȫû
~~~
ƹ˼Ϊʱ䣬ֺֻһ˲֮䡣
׹⽥ȥַʶ飬һˮ޴ĵ
ŨüۣӴŲŭƣһɫۼףһɫս£ϸƬǣϡϡ衣
࣬ɢŞeϢȻǞe塣
һ˫ͫ˸λߵϢ¶š
ĪǾǡ桯ַʶĿɨܣԼ⣬вٞeۣĶͬһط
Ʒ֣ǰ΢Ц˹
ַ֡к
Ʒز©̾Ϊֹ̾߱ɱeʮǿߣһڞe壬Ʒֵʵ£ֻʵ¶̫磬Ʒ־Ͳ³Ϊʸ֮ô
ַһЦ޷
ԼĿǱe֮ȷЩףԼΪսôǸѣοڳɱ
Ʒֵ˿󻰷һתָǰô
ַĿɨҡҡͷû⣬֮⣬ҲûгĴš
ͷĿ棺Ҳδģ֪ǻǣһǵɡ
ǰɡַ΢ЦӦ
ǿڣʱѻ㼯ˮУЩ˼Щ˽֪ô
дĞe¹򣬸桯񣬵ûʲôô
ҲЩeĴϣҵڣΧܱյģÿһһģһˮ峺͸ϷһƬҶӵ״֪ʲô
Ğe尲Ȼ䣬аַڡ
ǹͷûôΪʸ֮ģοǞe塣
һһĞe壬̽롣
ˮڿʼʮe壬ܿ쳬ʮʱţûОeַ֣Ŀɨ֪
ʮ
һֳʮĸe屻ɱ
ַ尵ݡ
һźţОe壬һؿôסͼɻصģ㴳ĵؿȻһ
ػɱֻ֮ԽԽࡣ
ԣǰ治ΧֻԽԽã
Ҫȵʲôʱ򣡡
ǣָʲôã
e֮ҪŪôôֱӴ򲻾ͺˣ
һڞe彥ʧȥԣʼ
壬ŷ
Ⱥʱһe̲סŭ˫צֱ˺ˮΨһڞeһ󾪺

ǧĹ
һУɡ
﹥񣬲ո˵󣬶ȫԽ
ȻĹŸպٿȻһ˫ͫâ財
̣̣
缤ߴֱӺǲ֪Ğe壬ʱ𣬽һ˲֮䣬ǲ֪Ğe壬㻯Ϊҽ
һƬž
ڞe循סˡ
ǻģ



1559 ͨ
ĵ
ڞeɵĳ൱֮
ǿߴʱҲe͸˵ˣˮһļžԼ
ô
ô
ûһe֪ĵؿȫһգ򶼲ֻбe֮Ƽ֮ǰ˵ֻƬ
ȥeõĳϣ
ôϣ
ڞeң㣬һãȻַ˼˫ĿһɨΧ峺͸ˮϣϷҶӣԼоһ˿Ϥ
Ҷӡַ˫
ΣַĿһݣٿϣ˫Ȼ£͵һ˲׻Ȼ⴦󣬡ûзˮϵҶ״
ˮҶӣһ˫ĿȻ
ַҶʲô
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ѸٵһɨٿؾƬ
أȴһЩeע⣬а벻Զļ⣬ǿ֮һϵľ𣬶죬ʱâ
ܳΪǿߣ㲻ǴҲһԾˡ
ݣ
ֱȡ񣬶ͷǵΰ׹ȫٶ˲䱬£ŨĹ֮ԪأһԹ
٣٣
һģһߣֱͫȡ⣬ٶ̫죬׹ֻ߽мӰɲǼ伫ӹ
ž
Ӱһתʱͣ¡
ָƽȻɽղŵḶ̌ȫûһڞeһƬȻ֪ô£Ŀ򼫹⣬΢Ц֡
һƬ
ϵƬڸղŵʯ䣬ѱȡ
һȻһЦżְһ磬ʱһˮǰƬӳǡҶӡϡ
һĹҫ֣ˮڽƬ롯ԭҶӽ䰵񱻲һ
~~
ӰûˮڣĿ룬ʧɲȻȻ
ԭؼϣ
ϵƬ
ಣݣ⼸ͬʱӦļeһȣͼѧһٶȡϵƬȴˡ
һe壬ôġ
̣̣̣
Ĺٶȣ쵽ţԭֻ׹߱e壬ɲʱֻҽУeɢ
ʬ׹㲻
žž̤
۵ĞeӲֹסҿȻ¿ˮɫ԰
ɷȮ
ȡƬeõ¡
ٶȣeûһĹ⣬Ĺٷ򵽼ֻһ͵Բ۷춴׾ٱܿĹƬ
ֻҪ룬˵һöƬʮöʮöû⡣
eҪô̫ԼˣٶȣǺͼ˼꣡
һʱ䣬ˮһһļž
Ȼžֻά˶̶һ˲һɲǱ㱻һӴϢߡ
̤
һɽϢӴѹ˫˫ͫĮɱ¾ĳֱߣڞe׷ÿ

ǿУʵֲһ
ǿĴƿءַ֮ϢӦļڴϵΪ൱£Ȳϴʯ棬ֻҲ˶١
Źֲ񣬽δ񼫹ٶȡʤ
óľͲ
󲽵Ŀһ˫羫ɵ͵Ƴ޻ɣֱ˵ڞeһϢַҲǵɴ۾Ӳ񣿡
𰸣˲չ֡
٣٣
ͬ׹ߣֱȡۼǹԴݻٸ߼ƿߵ߼ᴩۻƣٿء
žһգۻĴ׹ߺȻ
صըһ׹貣
˳̽ժ½ؿڴһƬ˫͵̤أ޴󣬵ٶȰ㲻գۼ䣬뿪񹥻Χ
񼫹ĵʯд⡣
ȴһֳȴֻɽƾƾʵͬȡһƬ
ҲһۣƬ뿪
һУôȻ
ǿ߸չƬͬʱȴָeһ⡣
ǣôã
аַڣ˫Ȼַ˼ղǽ֮ڵܣϾע⡣
ۼǿõƬַҲż
ǣֻǸ
һУֻǻδ뵽ѡ
ңܵסĹôַٿðһʡ
Լô׾ô



1560 
ǲ֪
ַԼҲķʲô̶ȣм¿Կ϶ǾȽ϶˵㡣߸ԼӲӣ֤ķʮΡ
Լǡ
ŽȥӰַоһ
Ӹսeӣͨe嶼Ըˣμʢ磬ͻƽ׻춴࣬߼ƿߣԼѾվڱeӵĶˣeʮǿ߶ɱ
ܿ죬һ׷ַӽΪĿꡣ
һؿОeУҲֻǿ߱ǿ
Ʒ֣ô
ȡַĻش
ԼûмٶȣҲûнĿֻ취Ҳe˿롣
Ƕϵء
ַǿֻʣϵ磬ڲֹϵ磬ǵȴ֣ע⣬ûȡƬ
ûôɻ
ַҡҡͷ񹥻ٶٿ죬ܻȹһ
˵䣬ϵѳ֡
ɫӰʣڿУУһ£ַ˫һߵֱ
̣̣
׹߶ʱ飬赲ȥƣ·ֱ߰˺ҧһöƬϵȽһĨЦݡ
ϵ綯ֵ˲䣬ʮe岻Ⱥֱȡ
˷ǶȶС
ݣ̣٣
ݰתĹɲǼﲻΧδֵĞe忴ľȫϢ
쵽㡣
˵ˣܹʮһe룬һһ
˵ǸܺãӦٶȼ죬ֻȥһۣڻǸʮֵġɡֻ˵ʮֵĴץסʱ϶eߣӲǰĞeĵ
ëַЦݵмƿߣʱƬ۾Цĺܿġ
ԶϵƬ뿪
ҲУ
ԭܡ
ؼע񹥻ʱϾʮȵĹôġ
ֻҪϵĺãкܴᡣ
ڞe۷׷ס
һεĳɹǺܶϾֻƬƻ
ַѡ
ʲôˣƷ֣ѹ
ַ΢΢ͷЩüͷһٿ
ã㡣Ц
ȻһЩeѾ˼ԲߣȡƬ̫ͣðաĿַ壬ܿ϶ò˵Ʒ壬һ뵽취
Ϊǰؿ
ϵַܴĵ
ΪĹͬʱֻ׹ߣֱ߹֧һ䣬ĶԣԻ춴ȡƬͼ⣬ߵǲͬ·
ȡɡ
ȡɵĺܴ
ûַ˫ϵ취ԼԷܡ
£Ѿܿ϶˳ɡ
ʣµɣȴһeǹʱȫ֤
ԼȺܾá
Ϊe壬ûʲôԡ
ܿ죬һȺeöԲߣаʮǿߣһǰһeʹ˸ɫ˲䡪
߳
Ǹe弲۶
͵һٰʮתһeʮȳ֣֮һeԶһٰʮλó֣һ֣һ춴ʩչ
䣡䣡䣡
ڞeҲƴעһ
Ҳַϸ۲ţʮe˴λԭĶĺ
ǿ죬һþȫǰܣٿҪڱܹһȼٸѡ
ΪˣĹͣͲ٣ڞeһЩϢʱ䡣
ȻֻǡһЩʽࡣ
ʮe壬һֻ˾Ÿַ尵ͷ˵ָֻܻǺķһĳɵ㲻ϸߣҲˡ
⣬ֻǵһγԡ
Ʒ֣㡭˫˸̽ʵ
ȥɡַ΢΢һЦ
ޣһҲʣͷ
ַıмӡ
һγԣٶһ㣬ʺпܹɡַǰ
˵һeǰڶeܿгԡȻ˾һεʳɡ
eȥֻ꣬ʣһȺe塣
Ⱥeȱͷģǲͬ࣬Ǻַһˣȹɡ
Ȼ̫ˡ
¶ЦݣͷõģƷ֣ô
ַ΢Ц̤ǰһ



1561 ô
Ǹ춴࣡
ʲô
֪ͼ⣬һǹƥɣ
ܣɱڳ棬ʵҲǿ߰ɡֻǻ춴డĻ춴ҲǿɣҲţ
Ҳš
ڞeͶɻĿ⣬ȴּӼֺ档
ģĪڇ
ַ֪Ϊаգ񵽵ʲôܣ֮ǰıֿĹֲ˹eûһҵ
Уȡ
ַ̤ͣ½ŲԶһ˫ͫӹ׹ʱ׼ӵţ͵ȴַ̤乥Χ
ڞe޲ס
ɲǼ䣬ַ嶯ˡ
׼ȷ˵еһַ̲Ϣֱ𹥻˲䡪
٣٣
ֱͫߣǼȥմϱѻ𣬹ΧڞeʲôӶû塣
Ϊж
ѧϵ磬ô򵥵¡
˷һ
ڞeֻЦУٿַ̤Զ󾪺Сģ
ΧļΪڞe۾ַ壬ֻһһƽȻûУȫ
ʲô
ڞeһôⲻ֪Ğeɱȴ֡
񣬾ȥһһҲ
ȫַ塣
žַУժһöƬת˳ĹΧһǳɣƶ˰д⣬Ŀࡣ
ʲô
⣬⣡ڞe۵СۣȫȻ
֮ǰ⣬ǵ𺧣Զַ𺧣ĿĿֲʶ޿ƥе񡭡
ȴ·ĳΪ˵
ܣһeһ죬
˲䡪
٣٣
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ڞeȫ֪ʲôַղʩħ棬šַӰڞeһȻ
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ַеƬĿɨڞe壺ǲ֪
һ仰ʱȻ󲨡
ԭַмֳɼʵڞe˫ͫȫһӰ˲ַΧϿĿ⡣
λֵܣܷ֪ܣ
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ǾһһжҲɣҲ˵һļʻʸ
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ֻҪʱ䣬Խһа
Լɴˣ׬飬ô˵Щe嶼Ǳeǿߡ
ֻע⵽Ĺǿᣬȴûһؼĵ㡣ַ۰ͰͿԼڞe壬һЦ
ʵĹֻһΡ

ַĻƽһף˲ը졣
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ԣҲûͬһ˹Ρ
Ϊһξ˰
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ʩչ׹ߣǾͿõƬˡַһĿԼĞe壬ʼ磺ô򵥡
ʵǺܼ򵥡
ֻھУǿ͸
ǴַЦ֣漴뿪
ݵļž
Ȼ䣬ڞe
лֵܣ̫лˣڞeԷѪַлַ΢΢һЦʮ⡣
ֻǶڵ飬ȴ׬һڞeĶ飬ֶΪ
ңЩeʵǿģڳ棬һ׶ΣҲԼв
ߣв
~~ַеƬɢûˮС
Ǵ͸һռݣǰ׹ʱȻͬɫ·ռֳĸַ֣˫ʱһ



1562 ɫռ
ϸȥһƬεĿռ䡣
ռľͷĵĹţһǴ֮ɫһǰ֮ɫһ֮ͭɫһǾ֮ɫ
ĵţӳɫһγƬɫռĶء
ÿ֮أѶȸǲͬ
ɫ֮أһe壻ɫ֮أe壻֮ͭأe壬֮أe塣
ңÿ֮أ൮һe
Įڶַ֮һݡ
Ǳe֮Ƽ
ĿɨǰһڞeۣԻɵҡڲַĵڞeע⣬eʮǿߣԼϵڡ
ţַ岢δͽ
Ȼǿġ
1235Ҳ˵ֻܴ11ַаݣe֮൱пᣬ11࣬١
Ľ1098Ҳ˵һ
ÿ֮أ൮һeһ
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17ַм㣺ǱҲʣ17ȽļͽԼ37
ʣ൱ˡ
ǰڞe峳֣۲ݡ
ͭţɫţ
˵Ǿţǽɫš
ֻ۾ˣ
ֻ۾ˣ
һ֮صѡ񣬲ؼ̫ҪѡˣֹʴߣΪeĻ
ϵһ˫ͣ˼Ҳ˼ѷڹؼǼͽȥ
ûһe
ϵڣeʮǿߣܿǿߣͽʵԶ߳ǿһ
ַʱҲǳ
ڞeУϵһһս֮ʵδ֪eʮǿҲ塣ַܿ˼
ԼɵģͬǼͽߡ
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һͽκһѡĻʼߣ˵ɫ֮رΣյġַԺиֳһɫȻӰ
νԼɱ
Ľػޣǽɫġ
Լڵʵѻʯ
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Լ˵һͷѡɫ֮أսδ֪
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ĵľ֮ءַĿƳʱһ绮ϵ׵ʧС
ѡѶ͵ľ֮ء
ǵľַһЦ
ܴ֮e壬Ҳ˵ĻܴұѶȵ͡
Ҫǣϵ˽ͼ⡣
Խͼĸ߰Ӧòѡ֮ءַĵ
ǿߣһһͨģeһأԡǺܴܻײϡ
ÿֻ֮ܵһeҲ˵
ͼ⣬ϸռһ֮ء
ԸȻɫɫ֮ͭأض
ͺ˵ˡ
Խĸ߰㲻ѡɫ֮أҲȻѡɫ֮ء
Ӧÿжѡɫ֮أѡɫ֮صĸʺܴ󣻽ѡɫ֮أһѡͭɫ֮ء
ַüͷ΢΢š
ԼǵľǺϵͬһѡ񣬽뾫֮ءϵܴѡОeǰ룬ӡ
֮صģ
ѡ֮أ̫ûսֱַӷԼΪλûҪѡ񣬸οǰؿe֮ƼĹؿ趨кܴ
أ
ѡˣܷܣ
ɫ֮أ֮ͭءַ˼֮ظӣǾ
ʱһeȺ֮ǰʮ߸e壬ַ崫ڵķȫͨ顣
ףǹˣ
ôܣȫˣ
ɣô쵽ģ֮ǰϵѾĬˣ߸һƬeĵ֮ǰЩe𾪡
Ͼࡣ
ʲôô򵥣
ЦɣҲУ
Ʒ壿ĸ
ɱڳǸ
Ҳ̫ˣҵ
ڶĿĽʣ羴оͼɵֻۡʱ䣬ַһγΪʸ֮ģʱַǰ
˷ʱ䣬ԼѾ˾
ȥַĿᶨ



1563 ѡ
ɫ֮أ
ַ岢ûп̫ãԼɵģΨǽͼ⣬ǿֻһɫ֮ء
ؼǣɫ֮زҪɱֻʣΨһһ
ɫ֮أܲҡ
ɹʣԼþˮһսûκ塣
ߣɫ֮رΣء
Ϊȡĸe֮λѵѡ֮ͭأϵľ֮أǽɫ֮ء
ɫ֮أȡ֮λĸʷС
ϾԽѡһĿܣɫ֮ɵļʣǿյģ
ɫ֮أڣڵĿҲܴ
Ԥг˳ɵĿܣԼײϽͼһ
ΪˣŸս
Ʒȥˣ
ѡɫ֮أ
̫ˣΣհ
ǣҴҲɫ֮ء
ڞe۷׷ס
ַǻ춴࣬ڞeľʮǿߺڳ֤սȲǿߣǱeʮǿһΡ
֮ǰأͨ񣬸ַ֤ı
ıĞe壬ɵ
ǲȥɫ֮˰ɣ
϶İƷֵܰǹǰһأôܺء
˵ĵ¶Ʒֵܰɣ
ʵɫ֮رѶȾͺܸߣڽɫ֮أֻܻҿɲ
Ҳô룬ͼһɫ֮أټƷ塭
ַĽ룬ҲһƬ
ԭĸ֮Уɫ֮ΣգΣյĲԣڞeУȴƣֻҪԶԽͲѡɫ֮ء
~һ
ַ֮󣬴Ҳѡ񣬽֮ͭأѡǳǣܿϵͽڱܲܵÿ⣬Ϳˡ
ڴ֮󣬱eʮǿһһѡ
ǵݰǱߣȻܵȵОe嶼ѡپʵǿʹͬѡڴϯ뾫֮ء
ӷ׷׽ͭ;֮ء
ʮǿУΨѡ
ߣɫ֮ء
Ľʮǿɫ֮ء
֮һڞe½ѡ񣬻Ϻʮǿѡһ֮Ϊܴ࣬Ϊѡ֮ͭء
ɫ֮أֻeѡ
߼ƿߡݡмƿߡë
ɫ֮أeѡһǺַһصĻ춴࡮󡯡

ʱַ壬ɫš
ĿģһѵͨƬߵ·ͨʣͷַһԾ̤ߵ֮УɫƬ
ĿʮϡϤĸо
ռ䣿ַһ
ռ˵̫Ϥ֮ãĻһƬŰ޵Ľռǲͬ
ֻưɡַĿɨܡ
ͼŰ׵Ľռһڵһͬܵ
ߵ·һɫʵĳӣˮƽ̲ǿ
eӣַкܺ棬Ӻ͞eһģһֻɫߵƬɫ⣬ʹeӿҲɫ
ɫ֮أ
ǣֻһͨ
ַüͷ΢ء
ɫe֪ͣòýС
ǰһ߰ɡ
ߵľͷʲô
ַĿɨɫeӣֱӲ򵥡
漴һ磬ַ弲۶ǰ

ʲôطôȥһŻɫ׵ƿڴַ֮ĸ߼ƿߡݡ
гɫߵ֮Уȫûֹ
Ѿгһ꣡
Ȼǰɫûа仯ɫƶƮߵ֮ϣ򣬸ͷһ·ߵ֮ϣ֮
ɶ񣡣߼ƿݽҧǿŭ⡣
һ꣬һꡣ
ȥʮȥȻǡ
ûоͷߵ֮Уʱ·û壬˫ĿѪ˿ͷң״̬ȴǼΪܣ
һֱ׹ɫeӡ
ٿأѪ˿˫ͫ·𿴵һ㣬ƴЪ˹󺰣ȾңҲ
ԽԽСݵӻɫe֮Уûи
ɫĞeӣһͷ̾ᣬֻ΢΢ſ죬һ߼ƿߡȫƿأǿǴ
ɫ֮صĸe壬һȥ



1564 ߵ
ߵϣ֮Ĳ
ÿһηֲֻһΪΪģķΪˣԽ·ԽֲȫûֹͱƷ裬ɫeӵݲַͬѡһ

ںߵƵĵ򡮽ռ䡯꣬ȻַϤоһ˿Уֻռֻһˣߵȴe塣
ν
Ϊߵǰģַ岢ϽǼ⣬ҪϡǾ˵ߵֱߣһΡ
ȷٺò
Լ֪һֱߵУᷢʲôȻʮȥˣʲôҲûƽ˾eҲһû
еռˡַշȻһЦĥ򵶷
ĵ磬͵٣һεġ衯ȴһֱ޷ڽռޣԼ羫飬ﱾޡ
Ҫͻ裬Ȼѡ
٣Ǻƿʵ裬ȴǳԽƿߣ
ҵսƿߣԴʯҲ൱ںƿߣҪ򳬳ƿ߲εЩѡַס
ӽռʱԼѾڳͻƣн޵ȫܷͨӳپ100%120%150%ľ
ںϷؼǿ
ֻ죬ıʡ
ߣǲͬ·
ٴн޵ܴﵽپ170%180%200%ľܸ򵽡衯а
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Űףս磬ޡ
޵УַΣս׺ƿͨͱeʮǿеĽǿеϵΪͬһΡ
ǺѰַ΢΢һЦѡ
徲续ߵУҲʱ䣬޷

޾ߵʱַ⣬eѰų·ַ֮ëĽ
ļƣıȺë֮ѡΪľȽС
ʵײϱeʮǿߺײǿߣûʲô𣬹ʶҪΨһ⿴Σյɫ֮ػ
ߣҪǽٞeĲŽë·ɫeӲмһˡ
ɫeӿƺ͞eһģһֲ٣ëǿ壬ߵΪ˲ô˭Բ̲סٞeУҪ䡣
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ֻҪҵɣҾܳȥ
ëһ·£ߵϵɫƬҪзʲôһֱֲˡ֮ϵƶ䣬һ
Īٞeӣë˫
Ǽۣ߹۲żٞeӵĶ֪۷ûôףֻȥȥ飬Żջ
ոһգ긴һꡣ
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ˣ
ë˷ܲѣʮĹ۲˽
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⿿ԴĵطȻȰͷ
ಣë۶ĿⲻʱɨٞeӣɫƬ֮ɫ䵽ϣӳճе˷ܡ
֮أܳΪϸ֮һ
ʱҪѡһΪeδûлᣡ

ߣ
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ë򱡱촽ϸȻЦݣ΢ԴƬߵмٱۣȻ϶ԼǷһžǰ
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ţëԶԶһӰ΢΢졣
ȴû뵽ײһe壬ӽëͫ΢΢ŴϳǞe壺Ǹ춴࣡
ַ壬ëлЩɵģɵeʮǿߡ
ַܻкڳ棬һʵ
ߣʵǿʲôãȵ֮صһҡëȻЦҲַһֱۣӴ۶
Ȼʱٿطͻ䡣
¡¡~ΧĿռǿ𶯡
ëʱһ㵣оǿԽŵ´ǰٶȶٱƣɫȻһףʲô
ʱһɫİɫâһսȻ¡
ëȻɴ۾ǺɫҪܡ
ǵ⣬̫̫
ë󺿣ƴҪȴϵ㣬޴ɶ㡣
䣡



1565 һ
թһС
ںܶʱʵΨһı׼
ƾëǼưٳһؿʵίʵ̫
ַɫƽʵɱë׾١
һַ彫ëʬߵ£գ۱㱻ɫeӡû
һͷſѪڣɫeӺĞeӲͬ
Ȼַ徫һš
Լʵлɣֻδ֤Ȼ϶
Աe֮Ƽԣɫֻ֮ܷΪַ岢ںȻҪȡġ
һ֣Ͷһֻᡣ
ԵʴȣǶԼַ̣
֪жٞeߵַа⣺֮ǰļͽֻҪɱОe壬ô϶֮ܵһ
£δ
˿ײϱԼʵǿǿ֮һҲ˷Ѻܶʱƹؽ֮У㡣
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޹¼ŵĽռп꣬ǿɼ
һʱ䣬һ֡
ܴ޵Уһ˿֮衯ʵܸһ㣡ַ尵ֻǰѰ뿪ߵ;
ԼҪǿߣϽͼ⣬ΪȵĴʱһϣ
޷ƥУҲҪһսַ֮ٴν״̬

һ¶Ľͣвߵ֮С
ۿնףȻʧعʵ֮棬ݵλҪʹ˫Ŀ£δô
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֣һΪ㱨ġɫ֮أĽĿֻһΪڳ汨e֪£֪ͺڳԨԴ
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긴һꡣ
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ƿַ֮ǰڴ޵Сޡʱķǧ귽ͻƿ֮һ·˳̹ܷ150%پĵС
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ڵƿֻ
~~ַ峤ҡҡͷ
ٳȥҲǰ취Ȼϣһ޵УȻ辳磬֮㾡ƾ
ַ廷ܣĿͣɫe֮ϡ
ԣƽɫeжΣգ֪֮ǰëһͷ㣬顣
ӦûһЩeҲڣɫeӰɡַ⡣
ѡɫ֮أ֮ǰͼ⣬ɫ֮رΣգѡĞe岢ܶࡣ
ַš
ʮȥˣһṷ̂ߵҲûκ쳣ַĵ벻뿪Ǹ⣬ߵһĹɣֻԼû֡
Ϊ֮ǰëʱԼһС
ëܷ֣ԼȻҲܷ֡
ҿɡַ
µƿһζδã߿ߣԼҵ뿪ߵҲһҪ뿪
ҵܱҲáַһЦ
룬һֿܡ

гߵ֮Уʱʱ˼
ʱʮַ꣬̽ѰߵоֲͬռƺЩı䣬ɫeӱĸĿƶĳ֣һƬƬ۲ҲԽԽ
ͣʮ껹õġַһЦ
ߵȻйɿѰտʼȽѣʱѶȻ𽥽ͣܲܰһֱɡ
Ͼֻһͨ
ɫ֮أͨľͷ
ԭַȻЦ



1566 
ƶ䣬ɫeӣַۡһ
һ壬Ʋϵı仯͹ԵɫΪԣָȷķλ
˷һоͱļ򵥺ܶࡣ
ޣַ巢·ڷ֮ϣȻһЦȥĺˣǰУߵһþ޴ϵķֲٷֲ
ûб仯ʵÿһǲͬ·
һ㣬һƬƬͬϱǿɼ
ûһͬģͬûһһģɫԵ£ױֱܷ档
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ѾָƶϿ޾ʮֱɿȞeӵľ
ƶ֮ϵ֮أŨ˼ַ尵
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ϣʣµʱն񡣡ַԼһֱߵ֮УԼԸ⣬ǰƿһеĞeҲԸ⡣
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һһֱԴصδ֪ɫeӡ
ٲ룬Ӧûᱻɫeûɡַ꣬ȭʮʱļ죬֮ǰļʮ꣬ԼߵѴ˽֮á
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Ψһϧǣ޵Ȼ޷ƿ
ѡ
ɫ֮˵ɡַɫeӵǿĿɨߵһ漴̤ƶݣֱû֮ϡ



1567 磬
ɫ֮УʱǿһͷˮѰųΪķһںڵͷƽᣬˮĶͷмһΰ׹⡣
ǿ֮һļ⡣
սѡûκԥĽѶߵĽɫ֮أɫ֮أΪǿ֮һͼԲԽۣѡͭ;֮ء
Ǻϵ粻ͬ˵ϺͬҪ
Ƭ֮أȴʲôû֡üͷأǵһ֮صģνȵȵãԭ˳ˮۣ׾ն֮λ
飬δô˳
ʮ꣬δκΰأƬ֮ϲΣգʵˣбֶΣֻʬ޴档
ףβܳΪΨһ
ѵҪǹ
һ뵽ǻһ飬Ƿ
Ȼδ̽ðٷְٵ֮أʮҲ̽ĽӽɣΣգһµ޵ڣиʵǿֲĹ
һΡ
ѶӦûôߡҡͷ
ҪΪô̡
ܣƬ֮СңԶһѷ֣֮طΪ飬ڱǶ֮ء
Ҫȥ֮أҪһƬ֮ء
ĹÿһǸ߼ƿʵбeʮǿߵΣеġǿǿߡ
ֻɫ֮أѶȾôߡ
ǸģĽɫ֮أ˵ΪܷųǸ⡣һ⣬ټۡ
ʱðôķգᴩ֮ء
ȰѶ֮̽ðٷְ٣ۡ

֮ءַǰɫأۻĴǣһŨ֮ǰߵͷŨĶࡣ
e
ϵͬԴ
ַĿɨܣٿغ¡һ𣬳ضۻ𣺡λѡߣӭܫ½˱档
ıʶܫ½ıǱܫʯȵõѡߣͨ顣
ȫܫʯ֮ϣΪe
ȥɡ
֮У
þδɢȥʱĲַֹ壬ѡߡ⣬Ľ
𣬾ԣҪȫeȫ˲ſʼҧҧǳ鶯߷߲ƽ
֮絽İʮȫ˷ˣ
ɶ񣡡а
ȴǴԭʮǱƬeŨܫ½Уʵ
ƫƫҪ֮λӴˮһա
룬ұϤΣҲΨοԼžһ㡣
ıǱܫʯšüͷϸ˼˹¶
ʲôƨ򣡡
˵ûκƿԣ
ѡ߱Ѽܫʯ̭

һʼe֮Ƽ˵ɫ֮أҲܫ½ֻe
£ǵһֵ̭
˶ͷϹâѸټ۶ߡ
Ƭ½мǿ֮أһֵ̭δײѡߣһʱܣ
˭˭䣡

ԭˡַ΢΢ͷ
Լս㷢һĻ֪ԼһġַЦЦ֮֮ǰߵĽԼ׬ˡ
磬ɡ
ܫ½ıǱܫʯַૣĹѹֱe֮Ƽ˵Ҫĳϡ
ҪñĳϣҪѼܫʯ
ܫʯƣ֪һ
ֻǲ֪ܫʯҪӺζáַ²˼Ͼէʲô֪ܫ½ֻһ㡣
̭
һ֣ȵ˭Ǹeɡ
ڶ֣ȵ˭졣
ڶֲһҪһֿ϶ᡣ
ңһe壬ѼһЩҲ޷ֻҪɱеһe壬ȷȻַĵ
ǿߣԼ˭塣
ʶҪǺ׵ģҪǳΪ
ԼҪǿӲӲ
ʱҪ
ȵ֪ûڡַ̣֮ǰľ飬½ڣܻͨúܶѶϢ
˵ͻıǱܫʯ



1568 ˣ
½½أַ
ǵģߣǧҪأ޾Ĺ֮ţн޳˵һˡе
Բ룬ȻҲƵģ
ԣʶҲˣӴͣǿǱһ츳
صЩﲻܳôַʵ
ȻᡣӦ΢΢ͷ˸˷֮ɫԺޱȣӻ˺ǵġ
棿
ַ΢΢ͷӦþǱˡ
û´Ӧܫʯܴܫʯַа⣬ʵǿܫʯ
ڱ㣬ҡҡͷ
ǿʯôһʵ
Ҳַ֪ʼ磬ݸǰɡ
˵ǿʯĻڼ֮ܫɽʢʯʲôĶС
ޣַ֮ЩʯǱȽϡеأ
ǾͲ֪ˡ˵ǳ궼ȥܫɽھʯҪʲôʯҵõȻ·;ңԶֵá
ꣿַһꣿ
ڱ˻һۣ֪ɣмǱһֱڴܫɽھʯ
ܫɽֻһַʣôãδڿչ
ŶܫɽĿʯôҲڲһˣ첻ѡ
ǵȻΪܫɽǵ֮ذһ˵ܫɽڿյǵҲֹˡ
ŶǱɵɵһЦ
ģ⡣
ַ˫֮˼
ܫɽ
֮ǰԼһͨĿʯɽֲǣƺͱϢϢأȻԼ֪ǷܫʯйԿ϶ǡ
ܿɡ
Ҳûȥ￴һַ˴㡣

ӱһĲ˺ܶ
ܫ½ķֲȺ½ĸ𣬼صһЩѶϢܫɽ⣬½кüطʮֿɡ
ɱûŹ
ֱַȡܫɽڣһ˵ġ衯ǵ֮ء
·;У·һ֮ءѰûз֡
½У˱һ⣬в١Ĵڣʵβ룬ҲֻǸ߼ƿս
Ĺءַһ
ͨĹԺ½ǿĹᲢۡ
ַȻܺ棬²ǽ֮ʱܫʯôõΪȣҪôҵһe壬ɱ
ȻʱҪΪܫʯܶ
ȥܫɽ·;УܹءǴӱһ׳ѶϢֻԱһ˵ǽأԼ˵ǿ֮ء
ԽΣգջԽ
ڣַ嵽̤ƬߵĵܱһƬûκϢ˼𣬱ﶼûС
ء
˵סһħ߱Ѫ⣬κ룬Ҳַ˫ûκԥ
̤֮ǰԼ׼һ뾿
ҪõܫʯɣԽΣյĵطԽܵõ
ȻԼܫʯһ飬ܫɽҲܿɣôҲûɴʲôûС
һʵֲ˿Ķħֺη
ַ̤һԾ¡
·޵Ԩ߷ণԨ´ħһ˿ѪȺ˷ܵķַͷս⣬ȼա
֣
ʵǿַ˫͵һת䣬£һ˫ͫѪâɱԨ֮ףܼǶħӣϢȻ
䣡
ַ壬ȫԸ
ڽ޵ƿеһǿĶַ֣˵ĿľͲڱe֮εģͨһδεĹؿʵ
ڴɱ䣡
¼ŰףۻĴͷţؼܷӸǿںϡ𡯵Ľ޵һУԭȽ޵ڶиǿ
ڣħȫëɺͫͷɱ¾Уַ巢𹥻

ɽѣʯ쾪

Ƭ̺
ַԼٶȷɽԡѪȻȴżս⣬ûκξ£ֻ˷ܣֹס˷ܡ

ǿĶ֣
ַͫɱԣѪҺȫڡ
һͷ۲۵Ķħͱһ弰ȫͬҲԴԞe
ⲢҪ
ؼǣǿڵԼǿĶ࣡
ǿߣֻҲĶְɡַؿڼŲ΢΢أ˲ˣջȴ
ˣַ˫



1569 ƾʲô
ڣħһսַǳ
˵˲ᣬȴֵãǿĶֽսʵо޴Ҫǣͷڣħڣ֮У޷뿪
ȻҲӳ졣
ַǲ֮ٴֻҪгıԴܹԭֻҪ˼С
رԴΪ档
ÿȥսһΣַ۾ĸֳڣħսܵĲԩڣħ൱֮ߡ
Լƾ跨ͬڣħǴ
ʶԞe档
ܸʣӶ򵶷辳硣ַĥڣħͼɣܿ
ѰܫʯԼż߱Ҳûʲôͷ
ǽܫɽҲܵõܫʯ沼µ񣬾򵥡
˵ˣڵڣУһأ

һ
٣ˡַ̤ڣأ¶һĨЦݡ
İ죬ÿһβϵսַȻս󣬵еġ
ʵÿһζɣοǴľ硣
꣡ണ
һͷɫ׳ħޱȾ޴沿һͷţͷ֧һ֧۶ϣɫǰһĿĵİֱ̺ۣ׹β
˫ֱɫס˫ͬһͬ˫м䣬һԲεʵ䲻֪ʲôַ֪ء
صӰ쵽ڣħж
ʵ뱻סųϡ
ʣɵʵɿޱȡֻµڣħǿײסð˫Ⱪ壬ѪĿ
˭İ첻ϵսҲŭ
οסڣħֹѷӾųɣԭͬҲǴУйǿס
ʵǿ
ƫƫԭ
İĽڣħޱȡ
ÿһζһ˿˺ˮζܴʯοַսѵ׺ƿ̶ͨȡ
ڣħǿǿ޿ײ롣
첻ˣַһЦ
ÿԼһ룬ͷڣħ㷢ƵԼ𹥻Ψ졭ûС
̫ˣַڣħ״̬
Լģ಻ܽɱ
ɱԼ˵޺ô
@%#ڣħŭʮּǻķŭͲѹĵףȴ޴ͷţΨƿڴ
㣬Ĵôôַ岻Ц
һδÞeԣôħԡ
ʱڣħסˣѪ˫۵ɴ󣬾ţô˵ħԣ
ôַ嵭ȻһЦ
ϵű׼ԣԺħԣЩԼȻա
㣡ڣħɭݽҧŭɶң
ַĿɨҡͷ֪ҷ֮ˡ
޳ܵ࣡ڣħŭַ壺ң߰ԴУҪһ
ַƽڣħ߰ŻңжٽһҪɱ㣬ھͲվ˵ˡ
ڣħ߰һЦ˵
ַ˫ǿǵˣҲѣйͬ棬Ϊβ̸һ̸
ڣħ߰Цƻ࣬ˣʲôУѲң
ַһЦǷ㡣
߰͵һ𣬻Ŀâԣ˵ʲô
סַйâһǳ֣ϷɫʲʮǴİɫ
Ԧ
Խ۷춴ĳ
ʱ˳ңҴ뿪ַ忪żɽ
˳㣿ˣ࣡߰ӵַ壬Цƾ㣬ҲΪ߰ˣƾʲô
ƾɱ㡣ַ嵭Ȼ
߰ɫʱһࡣ
ƾܴȥֵַ
߰Ǽ١
ƾܸɡֱַ߰Ȼң㣬գɣҿԴ뿪
߰Ѫ˫ֱַ塣
ַ֪Ķˡ
Ȼ޷⿪ķӡƻֱַ߰ҴӦ㣬ʵ⿪֮ʱָ֮գ
ݡ
߰ؿɫ粻̧ͷ˻ƣƾʲô㣡
ַȻʧЦеѡôҪɣҪģ᲻ǳС
߰ɫޱȸӣ֮ͫɫŶ
һεľҪ
ãҴӦ㣡߰ҧصͷ



1570 ܫʯ
٤ַ֮µĵūͣ
ԦΨԸȡ
ƿߡַ߰󣬷֪ʵսߵˣȱeǿ߸һ̨ס
ֻһʵס99%ֻܷӳ׺ƿ߶ս
ˣ൱¡
⼸ǱeӵսĿǰֻ֪мͽӵʵϵҲûСʵ⣬ж㣬ָԼܻ
ˡ߰ϥء
ַ֪ܫʯ
߰ҡͷٿصһʯͷô
ַͷԣӦһֺϡкʯͷ̲ز
߰Ŷһ·뵽ʲôԵȡ
漴߰û׵ĵڣ֮Уַ΢΢죬ֻƬֳ̺֣߰Ƕһƶʯ״ȴۻġʯͷ
ҪҵĿ߰ʵ
ַ˫ʯͷϸȥʮֹ⻬һȾ̲ǿ¿ȥʯͷĵײӡšܫ֮һ֣ǡ
Ӧþˡַüһ
ıǱܫʯ
һıܫʯַа⣬;Ҫͨ߰İؽڣѶȲСǱeʮǿ߽룬ҲǳԲ˶ߡ
ûe뵽ܫʯڵڣ
лɣҲҽ롣
߰һأ˭֪߻᲻иǿߣһe岻ðգټ߰ʵֲ̫Ҫѱȵ졣
кܴıܫʯַ
ֻ취ƹ߰ڣһƽΣգҪõöܫʯԴȡֻԼ˵õ־ͺá
ôõģҪ
֪߰ﻹܫʯַʵ
߰ҡͷﱻԪڣһУһŲ֪
šַͷ
֪߰ҲͨԦΪūͺǲĵġ
ڣһūͣټһܫʯνض飬С߰Ԧַٴ̡
Ȼ߰ڵڣ޷ƿƣΪū֮ѲС
˸ڣ㡣
ò˶ãָܻ߰һսʵΪ׺ƿ߶ΣϽӦ뼫һϸ¡
ַĵ
ֻ֮ҪԼﲻϽɾ壬⣬޷Աࡣ

ַǰܫɽ
Ȼԭƻһַ꣬eûô켯ܫʯıܫʯѶȱ֮ߣܫʯɼ
ʵǱܣ
ܫʯҲαe֮Ҫ󡣡ַ岻ǰУܫɽ벢ܫ½Σأ˭Ҳ֪һᷢʲô߰ӡ
߰ԣܫ½ʵǿġ
ϣ
ҪƵֱˡַЦһ
ǵʵֻǱڵ߰ǿǿǿ֮߰ǰʵǿҲһԼϡ
ʮ־
һ·ϣַٱһĲ䣬ͬΪһ壬־ڴ½ͬλãǲûɱʮŽᡣ
һΪǱǱʶйͬĵ˺в
ܫ½ʵҲǲףǿصһȺޣǵġҪؽһƬ½ȫǳ롣
صǱ߰ʵǿ֮һ
e壬һƬ½
ַ岻¶սe塣
෴ڴ
ΪֻҪɱһڵeֻʣиԣʱѼܫʯΣ벻ⱻǿĨɱ
ڿܫɽˡַԶѼֱΡɽ׳ۡ
Աһԣܫɽͬܫ½һڵģǱһػǵ֮أһһıһˡ
޾£޾Ԫܫɽδھա
ܫɽûܣܡ
ַ
ҲɴܫɽԭǴܫɽ
ɽϣɽڣ
ɽϣôң
ɽڣѵѴܫɽĩô
ΪһĹУǱô
~~ַҡҡͷ
Լ̫ˣܫɽǸֵܼ⣬ҲǣҲǡüͷ΢أַ弲۶ǰһһһƬƬȻھʯ
Ƭ󣬺Ǣ
ٿأַĿܫɽϷʱ



1571 ұǿ
e壡
ּe塣
ǱһĴܫɽϣһڲͬϢһ˫Ŀն׵ĽͣɫĳɣĮ͸Ź¶Ϳռš
Ĵڣһ֡ޡĸо
eʮǿߣĽַϵá
۽͵Ĵ˵жţǱeʮǿеĴڣʵǰͬһΡ
׻춴࣬ͨ
һϻǿһϵ硣
ַԼ
ৣǰӰӹĽ
ĮıʱɫɢԺ⣬ĽûκͣЪֱӱַ巢𹥻
Ϊַ
ĺãַ岻˷׼
˴˾ǵзѡ
վƬܫ½ϣֻߣһĽ𹥻ҲͬɱĽ
սϣûʴȡ
¼Űףһַ֣չ޵ĽĶ֣Եӣ׻춴ͨεǿߣλ򣬱ضǼ
λɸǼ
λ򣬽ǴԲ
ط򣿡ַ΢ת˲ȻҲǣĽϾʮǿֻԽ
ԼһΪ٣
ͬΪ٣кܴࡣ
ƣֱַ֮
ԼپĽǿֹڵδռƣԼطĽ֮ϡ
һռϷ硣
ĽһȫλԼĶַ֣ȫѹԵġ
ֻ
УܸоʲôԾ
ΪĽ飬ͷŶǸĮ䣬ûʲôܶҡǾŵı飬Ǽĵı֡
Ľ˶δܡ
ҵҪ㻹ʲôַ˫Ȼ
Уؼǡ
ৣĽԭն׵˫һ׹⣬ͲɢȻ䣬ƺо˵ı仯߿
۷춴
Уַһ˫۷צಮ١
һǿĽɢˮ֮ưĽĽƱļǿܿ쳬ַ壬Խٵľ˲䳬120%
ģŲ
˵ָ涼ǿǿ֮⣬ĽȻԼʮ㡣
ʵʵûһe֪

֮ǰȷǣڵԴʵ֮ѳǣǿߵϵ磬һս֮
ĽơĽĽУӽ130%پ
˲䣬Ľɫһ䣬ŽƵı仯ַĵͬת䣬ԭ佣ѹƵĵ⣬չֳ˾ƻ·кһƬĩն
ؼĽ֮󾪡
ȿµУں˴طؼһԲĴط֧顣
һѹƣ
ȫѹơ
Ľ̬˲ʧ񣬲ҡ
ַǿȫԤϣԭΪƾԼʵ׾ٵڳ汨𣬻ɱⲻֻǻ춴Ğe塣
ˡ
ĺס
أĽɶѪɽնһļŰס
ˡ
ĺܳס
ϿգַӰٿض֣иԾǿƻչֳԽ130%پĵ
޵ڶУս磡
ںϷؼԲ
䣡

ܫɽ
ڿıһĿɿڴžһսһʵδﵽ׺ƿͨεĳǿߣת۱ɱ
еǵӰޱȵĸߴ͡
˫¶˫צ·ݻһУǿõıһ֮Ȼ
ÿ£
߰ɣǿʵ
ǵǿˣ
۷׷ס
һ˴ų羴ʲôطǿԶ˾ġǵۼ֤ǿߵĳ֣ɱһǿߡ
㽿Ȼ
ĽַĿ⾼
·ȥԼɱıeʮǿߣипǧ
Ľʵʵǿ
ʵӦ֮λбeʮǿ֮
ǵһҲʵ顣
ĽҲδܱƳԼȫʵ
̶˲䣬ѲҰܡ

ǡұǿˡ
ַԼ˫֣¶һĨЦݡ
ռޣߵİԼʵȲ߰һڲ֪УԼĲκ;ڽ׺ƿͨλжˡ
Դﲻ׺ƿ߶⣬Ҳ˶١ַһЦ
Ľ۷춴˳ȫ
񣬞eԼڣֻʣ֮ĵһǡ
˳ɡ



1572 
ȷʵǿˡ
ַᡣ
ӡ߰ôҲǽ׻춴ඥʵԼ±һʵ֤
ļѣ֮Ӧ
Щǲκ;Լġ
һ
ҲãҲãʵܿԽһ̨ףҾ׻춴ඥսڞe֮УʵȽҪѡ
ʶҪǿΨս
ַҪ㹻ʱ䣬ҪɲǼĶ
лġ
ͽռһʱżΪ
Ȼܳһʱ䡣
ߵУԼѸо
Ϊѡµıe֮ƼҲɷѿģʱ仯ȫ⡣һeҲǣҪѡµıe֮һҪʺϣҪ졣
ìܵġ
Ҫҵһʵıe֮뾫ϸѡ̣ķѵʱȻġ
ȻƼֱǿ߱ɣ衮ѡô鷳
һؿһδ飬Ϊѡʺϵһ
Ǳܣʵַ˼š
ɱĽѾڴܫɽѰٺü꣬һδκιܫʯΪѾһܫʯ˱ȶǸ
һһˣҲδܫʯ
ȺڴܫɽûС
ܫɽѱҷ˸׳죬Ҫ̽ѰֻҪƻܫɽСַ岻ôܫɽǱһǱǵ֮ء
ԼôԱ治ƻһ
Ա˵ܰܫʯڴܫɽУƻԼʯͷԼŵ£ȫûɻ
ʣܫʯ
Ȼûͱ˷ʱ䣬һַ嵱ϣܿ
ǰأ
Ƭܫ½Σյĵ
ÿ붼Ǹ߼ƿսʵǿ߿eʮǿߣǿǵ߰
뻢Ѩɵûӡַ̹֮Ȼ
Կ϶ذٷ֮һܫʯ䲻֪һ飬ʵܫʯĿԺܴ
ȻҪأǾ룬һ

ܫʯܫʯ
ܫʯ
ַĵŲͬʱЩʱܫʯһδã˷֮ǰʮʱ䣬ܫ½
ôûУ
Ӣȴļ١
в֪Ľѱַɱȴǵeҵܫʯ̭
̭Ľֻһ

ѵҪȥϹĵطôĿ¶㲻ԸĿޱȼɵп־塣
һ룬Ƿ˺ô󾢲Ѷ
Ϲʵɺͽȣ
Сҡͷɫһࡣ
һѣڶΡͲһˡ
ûգ
ϹӲӲֱȥ֮أⰵ֮ضһܫʯ˵顣
ûУֻҪõһ飬ȻԽ֮أͿȥܫ½
ҲܫʯܲһϹɣ
˫š
ʱһ⼲۶ȥ

ܫ½ܴ
ַӴܫɽһ·죬;ʲôĶ羰ͣЪһ
żϴԪزΪǿҵĵҲᾲĸط
ż
Ľַ֮˵罫ΣȫͷţǷܳΪַ岢⣬ֻʵֻҪʵ㹻ǿ󣬳ɲΪк
ߣڵʵԲǼĶ֡
Ҫץʱҡ
ӵһؿһ·ַѾ⣬εʢʹʵǷԾȫķԾһΣĸֿݡ
̥ǣ
쵽˰ɡַ΢΢Ц
߼У֪ʮǹȥƬԪػԾܼĵ򡣶Էĸż洦
ַ屾֮Ƕ
ڴϵ裬൱
Ĵʮֲе֮֮Ϊʮַ֮꣬Ҳ˳ɡ
ֻӴɵ׿
ȫϵԼںϣľᳬַİ
֮Ĵ
൱ɹ۵ġ
ķѵʱҲȡ
֮£ҵĵ֮ӦøһЩַӰ⣬΢֮УٿܱϢ仯һǿҵϢ֣ڻɳͷ֡
̤
ַͣ½ŲĿ⾼
Լ
ءַһ˿Ⱥ˷ܡ



1573 
أһƬŵĵ򣬼׷ֱ档
ַͣڰգĿԶأķɳ߾ֵӰӴɲܫ½ȫͬ
صı߾ŵĤһơ
صĹֻڹĤǰУŭȴҿһȻƷͬСɡ
Ǿ񱻹ޣצҲȻ
ҪȥҪ൱ַ尵ѹֱһ̸رɫ䣬Ѱǿ߻δȥͻᱻǰĻŵ
һѪĹ˽һս
ǽֻǸտʼ˭Ҳ֪֮ежֲ
ȴò롣
ɫ֮رˣɫ֮صѶȻжߣַܺ棬֮ûѡɫ֮أһԭˡ
̲
ߵδõģΨʺԼؼ
ݣַӸ߿ո룬Ĥδκ谭һƼ룬Լ˲Ϣָԭ״ԭǻڹĤΧڶһ˳֣˷ܲѡ
˵ַ
Ȼ
˲䣬ַʵǣҴ롮Ѩģֻһͷ൱źʵ
צ𣬺¶
ַʵɱ߼ƿ翳вˡûһͷ޵סַһУգۼѪɽڶʬҰ
ʲôַȡһҳԲ
ǴЩµģǵڶֱƻҷΨɫԲ޷ƻ̲ż
Ǟe
Ҳͱһ޹ϵ
ܫ½ߵޣ޴˵塣
ַ֮ݡ
ڡڵأ̲صδԹૣַ漴С
ʱ䣬һɻϢ֮ӿɢ֫
ȫѪҺȷڣϸӿʲôʣ䷢ű仯
Ѫ౦
Ǵ̼ѪͻƣǸıѪṹ
ַ尵̡
о仯һʱҲ޷ȷϾֻʳһСţĿӹַ彫ع޵ȥһſŻɫԲ֮֡
ȫɣ
ո˵ַȫȻʲô
ȣֹѪҺȼգƤоһյӯϢۻ뾪ˡ
Ҳַо
֮һϲԲ֪ɫԲѪʲôı仯Ȼڱסַ漴أǰȥɱ
Ƕơ

һţһš
ʵԽǿĹޣɱĻɫԲ̲Խࡣ
Ѫ̼ɫԲΪֻºôַоԼѪı仯һ㱻
ָоϤ
йӣǱӣھʱ򣬽Ȼɱ䡣
Ѫһֱδнչ
ͻƣ
ɿԶ޵ǿİԭͼﵽޣطҲ츳졣
ʶʵ
ԭѾʮǿ
ֻ֪صܫʯַɱޣϸ۲Χ˵󲻴˵СҲСܲŨҪȷҵλòס

Ϣֱܷ档ϢǿϢĶѣǾѵı
ĻУַԽСġ
Ĺ򵥡
гʮպ󣬱ʵȻͬĹںڳ棬ҲǱeʮǿߵս
׺ƿߣż
ַʵ٣ҪɱҲס
Ϊ
䣡ַ˫Ѫ죬˷ܺɱ¾֮ɫǰıԣַ岢δȥǿпƣ츳ΪԼռݵԭڱף
ɱ¾Ѫʹĸǿ
ԽˣԽ£
һЩڲͬ츳Բ֮⣬ûκ㡣
ƾԭʼ츳ѷɫıһɼǿ
㲻սսַܿ콫ڶ֮һգһˣ»ɫԲ֮ܿ㲹ֹ޲
ЩյĻɫԲ򲻼
Ѫͺٴۣһȴɱ䡣
Ѫصĺַ̾ѣûЩɫԲҪѱȵ죬ΣԼܸо
ӣ
΢һǴŵģֻѪԽϡصԽҪ뷢ԽѡֻεһͬأķܸӦ
ѣ



1574 
ʱڡ
ַ⣬һӰĴУһ⣬ٹؿ١ַһ·ɱܱͬܣ޶ȵıʵ
Ŀļֱӡܫʯ
ֻҪܫʯ
ɱЩ˵һôҲûУٶȫױܹΪҪ˷ʱЩªĹϣ
ߣЩ̫࣬ôɱҲɱ⡣
湻鷳ġַҪ絽ܶ࣬شΣളܴͬĵġɵ
ܫ½֪١
ȵʮ꣬ôЩơ
֪صġж£˵нƵĴڣƣصһޣɨܫ½
ܫʯòɣֻ죬ɫȻ
ܫʯû´ܫ½һ飬ͬһ飬ҪΪõȫ飡
ɫԳ
ô
õһѾѣõƾǼˣõ飿
ԣôһٿطӦȻЦ沢ûϸ涨ҪõܫʯδҪ
ܫʯȥeһ飬Ǹ㣿
뵽⣬ǻȻʡ
ʵ˽Ըˣe¹˭ţ
ԸЩСඣܱȶԸܫ½Ϲص򵥡
֮صĸȱ̫Σաⰵͷȥ֮򿴿ûջ񣬸ɴͺᴩ֮أܫ½
ô죡

䣡¡¡~~
ͼȫ棬ضãַս˶ãδͣЪʵ̫࣬ɱ֮
ߣַҲϣͣһδεɱ¾̼ŰѪҺ
ÿһսնٻɫԲڵĴڣʳѪ
ÿһ죬ĺܳʵ
ַ弸ԼԭĿģսսսսΪճС񡯡
ԸЩкҪһ㣬ǲԭս
Ϊزһս𲨶ʹΧΧ£һνµһһԴԴϡ
ַԹǴصһΣƴӳ
ʵ֤ʵʤЩޣҲΪΪô˵ҲؾһŷɥĽء
ַڣ븹кܴһξ롣
ţջһޣַ巢һֵһޣɱ֮󲢷ǻɫԲ򣬶һֻɫˮ塣
ƣʵкܴͬ
֮
ȻɫԲۺ񣬸⡣ֱַ档
һŽһŵУÿһŴԼ֮ͺƺĲһεڱ
Ȼ߿ţȴ֮ǰٿŻɫԲҪӴ󾫴⡣
ʵ⡣ַ
Ϊޣʵκ֮ǰûʲô
ͬǸ߼ƿս׺ƿżս
ƺһЩؼڡַ¶һĨ΢ЦĿɨܣѹߡ˷֡
³
˴ġȻܫʯ
ҵڣҵܫʯַ˳ŷǰжȥĿ
ܿ죬ɱ¾ȷλá
֮ǰ߿Żɫˮ岢żȻʵĴڡ
ֹһ
ַҵڶ
ȷķȥҵԽԽޣնԽԽĻɫˮ壬һ߷ʳһ룬ַҲڴ
Լ֮ؾΪܫʯô
ֹˣնЩɫˮ壬ͬʹԼ仯ϵǿѪƿǶָо

ٶ㣡ַ˫
ߣҵԴͷڣ
㲻ܫʯҲҪġ
ڰѪ׷ַĳȡ
ҵѪ罫׵׿ԽһΣͷ򣬾һǴĲ
ֻһף׺ƿ߶⣡
εѪĽڸ
аһף
һһ׷Ѱ
ַ˳޵ķֲѽ뵽ѱ淽ĵΧŨϢֱѡ
ַ岻а⡣
ٿأǰһɫһɢɫâˮǰһԹַؿڼ
ҵˣ
ַ֮ϲ
ڴʱһ󾢷ϮſĴЦСӣл·ˣ



1575 ս
һɳ۶Ĺ̲֮ǿҹٷ򣬼ɱԺӿ֣ŭ
ЩԾˡһֱ򽻵ַ壬δġ
ٰȫĵضΣʱܱĳһͷƬΣĵ򣬱ʱʱ̱̿־֮ġ
Ȼʱܻᱻ͵ϮɹĲ³
߳
β˲ʱַķ൱֮죬ȱ๥ľԣķ˵ǣβ޼ȿɹֿء
ȫۼױȻ춴Ǽǿķ
ǱȽϳɫġ
ɡںԼٶžԵţԹΪ飬ֱӴ͸ַβ޷ȡ֮ߣַβδɨ֮ء
һɹݰǿ֣֮ɫ˲Ϣ仯طؼ

ַĽ޵ںϵؼԴԵؿջ񣬴ʱڻͨؼ۹Ȼǿۿȴڴ֮һָ
¡¡¡~
β޳鶯ռһƬţżĹ̮
ںϵȱ
Ҳǳصģλǿ֮ϯʵǿţٶȣٷǿƣѴﵽ
Ψ첻ƣ
罣㴩͸ַķַܱ巴˸ֲⷴӦٶȲν죬Ӳƴ˸൱
һһ˲Ϣ֣δȼعַԦ
Ȼ䣬һͷϢĶϽǶħʱĳֽ֣Űǿ߾ǿߣκӰ죬ʵƣϢ˲ѹƼ⣬ɫ䣬彻ӡ
ʲô
Ǵܳ仯ַ巢𹥻ϽǶħĺճȴȫңǳͻĿ񱩹ӵޣ
ʱ߰״̬Ǳַһ״̬
״̬µ߰Ȼֻ1%ʵȻǽ׺ƿ߶ʵΣ㲻ڼ⣡
ײ
ǿͷغϵĽ߰ռϷ磬ֱѼѪˣǼʵ߰ǼԭҪԸַ壬߰
ʵ˲ʱƫʽȻͬ˴
ˣⱩŭ쳣˺Ұް׺ͷΰ׹貶һƬɫĤ弡ֳ֮ɫ
ʵ
𣡡߰ħǿߣһССƣۻϢһ˫ɽȭ֮Уֱ򼫹⣬һչ֮ǰַѹֵĹ
ٶȵĶԾ
ʱѷ
ܵ˵߰ѷɫһ־õĳսȥԿĶȻ¼ֻܿԼ߰ȴа֡
ַ塣
޵¿ս硣ַĹǡôĳֱ֣ȡߣӵеķ㹻ǿ󣬲ںַ幥Ļν
ģǷ
ַʵһȽףͬ˵ɱ
ǿٶȣǹ
ַĹ£ʱת
߰ǿַľѻսˣŭѣôͷǴģ
аٰʣֻл춴ʵεַ壬ԽɻԽ壬սˡ
ˡ
ַ廹иǿĵƣͷħ壬еĿϢⲻͷʵȫǺεȵĿֲ
һٻģ
ڷһճ̣Сģ±˵ʮգɰնûУԲٶȵ̽ʵ֮ж١
ϾҪܫ½õȫܫʯΪʱ硣
֮еǻᣡ

ַ岢δ׷Ҳ׷ϡ
ٶԼһ޷жƾٶȸ׷ϣڵԼ˵ٶȼ
͹ˡַѾ⡣
߼⣬Բַ߰岢ΪԼ߰Ӯ⣬ʵȥԼһĻʤҪ͡
ң͵Ķࡣ
Ӯ治ᳬɡ
ҾӮҲǲʤսʯ١
ַ
ʱԼǼ⣬ֻߣĵһ뷨
ԼƾʵӮ⡣
ǿ߰
ԺַԼģeԼʵȲμʢ磬һؿԼeʮǿߵıӰ
ڣԼ׾ٵĻɱeʮǿߣܺǿ߱ȼ磡
ûʲôǲܵġ
ֻҪ㹻ʱ䣬нĿռ䣬Ҿܳ⣡
һܣ
ַǰɢɫâˮĿ⾼
ʱ̤ǰ



1576 ˮ
˼⣬ɢȥǰ
ˮΣâˮӳյۼԴһ㡣ˮ⣬һͷͷϢߣʮֵܺϡ
ޣַĿ⾼
Ĺ֮ǰҪܶ࣬ϢӶҡ
ַĳ֣ʱ໺վһ˫˫ͫļɵɱ⡣
ٿء
𣡡֮ĹֱַԸռصĲ֮ͣ׼Щʵǽ׺ƿżΣ൱ס
Ҳ൱ɹۣԶɼһͷͷޱȻԮ
߰Ԧֱַӷų߰ѹ󡣡
ַ߰˲ϢɱȥʵԸʮͷʮͷû⣬ǰʮͷȫͬ
ңԶи޼ӿ
ǣˡַ߰ƴӡ
һޱַɱһ޳϶ַѹֻҪûΣգͲҪ߰֡
γһѵõ
ĽսѪɱ¾ȾƬأַ˫ƣļȻ޾޵֮㣬ôҲɱ
ܿ죬Χ
ն˴ɫˮҲûãӵóȥǹؼ
ַ֣߰ܿһǰһ󣬼ҰѸٵնɱȻͬǣûɱһӿ
ԽԽ࣡
ԾַĿɨŵˮһ£ʱˮһ˫۵ĺͯƤǰһС
ַܿжơ
£Ҫô뿪ƬҪô
ߣַ߰һʱǰ
ˮ̫ƿ޵İΧַѸҵڡȻ֪Щ޻᲻ֻͬѡһġ
ˮЩ޵ġϡˮǾʥһ㡣
׷ļʣ
ߣԼҪεĻᣬȻ뿪´λҪЩޡ
Щ鷳ܲ
Ǹ壬ҽȥҲַܳ崩͸ǲ㵭ӫ⣬紩һռ䣬ʱһƬµء
ǰһУ޵ŭȻ
ȫʧ
ޣַǲƳۣǵӫһһ죬Ȼûһͷ޸Խӫ˸ССһš
ѡˡ
ַһ߰
ʱû޵вʱúá͡ΡˮϢҪ鶯ûκΡ塯˵ޡ
һˮһˮĵܣ͞e֮һɡˮƳɵġ
ͬǣeӵˮûˮ̲ز
̲ص
ͻɫԲ򣬻ɫˮһַѸо֮ϲãλðˮУž
Щʵ󣬵Ѫȴž޴á
Ѫ
Ч䵥һȴ޿ȡҲãeҲãħ弰ҲһѪǸйؼ
˵ѪһˣʶܴﵽʵĲΡ
ȿһַҲż
ˮᴥеˮ壬ĿϾӡÿһˮ嶼̲żµС
Щˮ
ЩˮߵĹޡ񡣡ַĿ⾼Ĵţᴥǰˮ޵Žɫüëǣ߰ͷ­͸ŨŨѱа
ȱˮ޵ʵļһģһ
裬ۼȻɡַ循̾ѣעˮ޵֮·𱻴뵽Ǹһе⾳֮С

ˮģͨ
ַָմˮ޵Ųʱˮ޵˫ͫӹһ⣬续㾦㣬ʱ串ڵˮϡϡ
ǣַȻһ
һˮѿüˮͫâ財
ϢѵˮɫϢ֮֡
ޣַ֮󾪣󵯳
ɲǣˮȫѿʱһ߿쳹ˮüˮ˲ˮһأɫëֱŽɫ˫üַͫ壬ɱⱩ
𣡡üˮһۻϢըѿ
ʵ¶
ߵЩޣԶҪ߳һΣ
߳צֱϮɱⱩ֣Ҫַ˺Ƭüˮ޶缲磬ȼһ㣬ַ䷴Ӧ죬δȫסС
ʵ˹



1577 ˮ
üˮ޵ͻȻ֣ϡ
ʵͬǳǿ
׻춴࣬⡣ַܿжϣѸٷߵȺޣüˮ޵ʵҪ̨߳ס
ԼɱĽҪǿ
Ժ֮ǰļٶȡһ壬ǻɫϢ޿ײ롣
͞eһһֶеĸ
սˣַȫ⣬ʵĲȻԣûһ˲ʣֻý߾ȫķܹüˮԽԽǿʢĹ
һĪչʱٿؽüˮ޵ĹΪ֮һͣľ㣬ԭһҲ
˲䡪
~~~
ˮ»һˮ
ޣַһԾں󷽣֮ǰݵĽüˮޣκζ֪׷ʲô
Īǡʱޣ
ַ۾
˫ɨˮüˮĵֹһ𣬵Ŀ㳬нʮûĻиࡣ
Ϣһָʵ
ַ漴Խüˮޣǰȥ۲ˮСһһˮˮŶе
Щˮδüˮ
ַϸ룬֮
ղţΪ˽üˮޣŻ˹
ǹؼ
ַĿһɨһˮ
ȧǸ͹ģ֫Сһֻվ꣬ͷޣԼ֮ǰҲٶȲ죬ʵڶмǵ׵ġ
ԣò
ַ֣һδˮѹֵЩ͸裬Ũҵۼԭʵ
ֻǲ֪Ϊʲôˮ⡯
˫ˮ޵ĵɲʱ䶸֮ǰһģһķӦߵˮϵһ鿪
ֱ͸ĵףֲϢɫ˲ʱӶ
ˡַ׼
һζˮޣ˾飬ˮδȫƿַչƣ޵ֱȡޣԹٶѹơ
Լ޵ġ
óҲŵ㵫ͬʱҲȱ㣬ֻҪרעڷ֮ϣΪǳԼ
Լķܵһй
ûһֱʹˣΪ̫СַĹ
޵ޡٵĵ緢150%Ȼȴʤڶпս뷨ؼںϡ
ַ֮ǰޣļޡ
150%Ѿܿ¡
޵ķֱӱɢ޵ĵ֧飬Һһˮѿɫڿй
ͫеɫʽɢ޺Ȼȥҷ
һΣֵĲǻɫԲҲǻɫˮ壬һһ͸ˮ״壬ϸȥԼڵˮޱȵơ
һģһַ循̾ѡ
Сˮϸ꣬ɫԲͻɫˮͬ״̲ͬͬػɫҡ̲صĸ⣬Ӵ
ԣַ֮档
һϢ̽ɫˮǼʶһǰĻɫˮͻȻŴʶֱ룬һۻĴϮ
~~~~
ԺгֵģǾĴطһͷ͵ޣ֫㣬͵ĵŵХоԣԼ
Ũ˵Ĵط
ǵҲǳط򡣡ַѸٱ֮͵ﵽҲﵽɾ硣

ͷ޵ĳط򵽼ַоԼƬռƿߣۼʩչųطид
ʶĳط
ɾ磬ͼպòףҲ١ǶĻҪﵽѣɾ͸ˡ
Ӵȴѡ
ֻӼôһ˿
£ַˡ
ඥڻͨʩչĳطǳ׶ױǸǳسڷĺ֮С
һ飬һ顣
֪ٱ飬Ժвͣѭֱէ֣˲Ķ򣬳طеİضڴ˿̷һ৵ķһҳһҳ
أַ˫財
˴صĸо˵ĴԪ˷۶ۣޱȵȸԾϲַ΢΢ͬ⡣
ˣ
ȫû뵽ʶ״̬Ķ̶˲䣬ԼѼطӴɾͻƣ




1578 ͷ۰
~~~ӹ
еĻɫٿҲһƬâɫϢâưַ⣬˷ܺͿ
ַ忪룬ֱա
ЩɫϢԼϤǼѪǱµȷûʲôã˷ʱ䣬ֻҪһεãһεɱ㹻
һѪԼʮļ㣡
֮·Ҳһ˳ǳͨ
~~
ַ岻գЩɫ֮ǰ⣬淴ӰԼ壬ڳܷΧַĿɨܣһˮʲô
֮أ
һƬѵ֮أ
ֻҪҴƴأٽعްصĴţɫ߱ж죬һء
һᡣ
e֮ǱʵȴĞe壬Ļᡣ
ַס
ǡƽڡ
ֻҪʵǱ㲻ѧࡣɫãһǸ̲صķ֮ǰһջɫ
Ļɫ⣬ۺ
ȻҪͻҪĻɫ㹻ʱȻȻɱ䡣
ַ岻ż
Ϊ츳ѾǿҪѪΣıȻҪķ൱Ĺ
Լصģǻɫ

ƾɫʶ䣬򼫿켫ΪɣȻЩǼԼɵķ򾳽磬պá
ҪʵǸ̨ף
ɡ
ҪӶѡַ
ĸ򣬴ӴɵʹӶѶԶȻӼԲѱȵ졣
ټѣҪҲǳϦ֮¡
ˮҲûá
ʵǿһ̶ʱİ𽥼໹ҪӴɾѶҪСܶࡣ
лɫΪн飬°빦
ؼǱɱЩˮޡַ尵ͷ
ˣЩˮ޲ɱ
ַĿԶǽüˮޣͬˮʵҲǲͬβ룬ЩԼɱƩղŵޣЩԼʵ
ҵǣԼЩˮ޵Ķ֣ҲɱԼ
룬ڶʱ
ַ¶һĨЦݡ
ÿɱһͷˮޣԼ׬ƵĻɫǾ֮ͨˮޣðԼ

ʮˮ޵
ϵһͷԼɱͷˮޣܹʮԹƣ׻춴ඥεռ֮ͨεռ֮һ
Լʵǽ׻춴ͨΣδɱ
ڶ⣬ֻԱ
Ҫˮϲ㣬ҪʮɫСˮַվˮУϵĽݣܼʮ㣬ÿһ϶һɫˮİڡ
ÿһ㿪һ㡣
һǿֵĹâʧϷǶĻɫСˮԼɱĵڶͷˮޡ
Ҫϲ㣬ҪʮɫСˮ
ѡ
Ҳ˵ԼɱȫͨεĽ׻춴ˮҲûã߱ɱ׻춴ඥˮ޵ʵ
ڵԼ
û´һҪôǸõĻԵҪôһܫʯַĵ
һԼá
֮ǱeǱ֮
ǱֻҪܲȡɵĴȥôԼսѾ׻춴ඥΡ
ѣ
ս
ȴͨεĽ׻춴࿪ʼɡַȻЦ

䣡߳¡¡~
ˮУչսһδУַˮ޵ʵȥɱͷ׻춴ͨͷ׻춴ͨεˮޡ
յɱ¾ͷ׻춴ͨεˮޣֻʣһͷ
ӣַ֪ͷˮ޵·
һٶ൱֮죬ÿζӲʱ꣬»ˮԼüζáһδεʧܣۻ˲پ顣
һΣӲߡ
䣡
ؼϾǿַͷˮˮǰѸٽɱɫСˮַ֣֮¶Цݡ
ɫˮ
£ԼѾɫˮʮһ롣
ţô
ʮˮ񡣡ַüͷ΢壬ÿһˮޣǽ׻춴ඥΣʵҲֻѷɫһʵǿġȼ⻹ǿ
ǿһԼ֮ǰһ
~ַ
򴽣漴ҡҡͷ
ͷ۰



1579 е˻
ѡ񣬺ܶࡣ
򵥵ķ߰ƾʵʣʮˮ˵Ҳ¼ֻδ̫ȡɡ
e֮ˣ䷴С
һ㣬ֻҲδػõܫʯ
ַҡҡͷ
ңԼҲô
̫Ǻ¡
Ŀɨ󷽣Ҫֱ뿪Ҳû⣬ڰæһ֮ܲٽ뻹ǸʺšòԼû
룬û뷨
ʣµѡͺܼˣԼ
ɫˮϧûһǴϵġַֻҪһԼĴطǿʵ
Ŀǰ֮ԼѾ
֮ǰֽһ
ҪôǴţһһսʲôʱͻơ
ҪôֱӰɫˮˣûпܼǱѪʹɱ䣬նȫµ
ס
ǰߣԼնɫˮܽһ㡣
ûһõģҲһһ̨ף˲Ϣʵ㷢ɱ䣬ǿɱһڽ׺ƿ߶ˮޡ
ǡ
Ѫɱ䡣
ַģҲѷģѪĽѡ
һġַϸ˼
նʮɫˮնɫˮѶʵ˶٣Ͼֶǽ׺ƿ߶⡣
ˣһԡ
ɫˮԼѪɱ䣬Ȼٺò㲻ܡյģҲ׷ѣǿѪŨȻڡ
˵ûùٻȡ
ַȶ˫

ÿһɫˮ̲صĶͬЩϵЩˮϵҲЩϵ򣬵һͬģǾǶӵоĻɫ
ܼѪĻɫ
ÿһӵеģǴģӸǳ档
ַ岢δñȥգЩɫˮǹϵϵġΪЩɫֻ壬˻ʲôַ岻֪̫
ûҪðա
Ѫѵá
ȱ𣬰Իɫַ岻ϣ¶֦ϾǱeӵĵ̡
ɫˮܿմ
Լ壬оһ˿ϸ΢ûκ⣬ȷǿԽǿʵѪصҲԽ
ַ岢δκζҡ
ģɫˮգʯͷˮ֮Уǿһ룬ǰɫˮչࡣ
ɫˮ
е˻ˡַۣȻһЦ
ÿһɫˮһ㾫ɫѪɱһ൱롣
׼ȷ˵뻹١
룬Ҫ塢ɫˮſɱ䡣ַз
˵塢һѡ
ַĿɨʣµʮÿһͷˮ޶ǽ׺ƿ߶ʵҪκһҪƴۡ
̤̤ʵʵһɡַ岻⡣
¼ûʱƣʲôõġ
ĥ£һһӡá
ʱ䵽ˣ߳ˮܫ½Ҳעַںܷ׳Ϊᱱe֮λ˵
Ҫģֻʵ
Ϊ

ܫ½
ַд粻ͬʱͷöѰܫʯ䡣Ȼַ߰£֪ʵɱַ塣
֮ǰֻǲһʱ̡
û̫Ҫ
ҵܫʯҪһѰƬ½ٶȼ졣
ǣַ֪Ӳû壬ɫ֮أȵ˭ҵܫʯɱַҲһΪο
ַ壬ɱ
ûоԵİգԼѡȥᡣ
Ҫɱַ壬еǻᡣ
ֻǡ
ʱڣδҵһܫʯ
Ϊʲôһ鶼ûУŭ¶һñeǿߣƬܫ½ܫʯһ鶼Ҳ
ֱ

ҳ
ŭӣҧгݡ
뿪֮ϰ꣬ڶƬ½ϰ꣬ȴӴˮһգȫ֪ܫʯںη
֮أ
С֮ǰڵĵطһܫʯ
ˣȥ￴
ʱ˿̣Ҳ˲ôࡣ
ȻȶƬܫ½ΣգڼҪõһܫʯңʵȰǰһɡ
Ըַħ壬аա
Сˣˡ
ûߣߣ
Ѫ¶۶С



1580 ʹɹ

û
⻯һ٣ֱͫޱ˷ܣǰɢȥ¶ˮ®ɽĿԴ
𣡣һͷͷϢˮĹ޶ʱХվ
һ˫˫Ѫɫͫż⣬ɱŨңǵĵ̣κ˽ġգۼ䣬֮Ĺޱ򼫹Ϯ統ǹַһ
ߣ֪νⰺף죬̧֣һʱҽڶ
ڼǰЩ޲һ
糱ˮһƬƬӿĻɱȴȳɱ֮
ûҪ˷ʱ䡣߷ٶӲгһ·ֱȡˮٶȺͷڹ˵֮ǰˮ
ԸΥ
ʲô͵ıɫһƬ
֮ˣ
ҹܱ߹޴ʱӿɫ࣬ŭȣ¡¡һƬĻɱҽǵŵأֻһҹ⻡ֱˮţȻ
أ
ǿķѪڣȻˣ·λ
㣡
ɱ֮ĹſѪڣ¶֮ɫ򼫹˺ҧ˲ʱսһα֮ϱˮˣϼˡ
ɶ񣡡

˻쳹񷣬ӳճʹӡ
ȫⷢ˷ƵĹԡѪսʵЩҪɱûпܣȴ⡣
ֻҪЩ޲ˣɱ֮Ľһǡ
⣬ˡ

ʱ򣬻ֻһΡ
˾ٲС
ץסַ壬ʱҲòȥް꣬ʵĽչһһʮֻȻɱ׻춴ඥεˮޡ
ȻѾеļͷ࿹⣬ս
սҪɱǣȫ£ÿͷˮ޻ʱޣʱɱǣǾͻ»
˵ǲŸ𲽡
ڵʵǽ׻춴ͨε۷塣ַͨε۷壬൱ڸտ붥Σֻ߻硣
ҪɱЩʵڶεˮޣѡ
ҲҪ̫ۺֻʱܲ
ֽ׶ӦΪֻҪɱˮ޶ɱҲûϵַͷΪֻҪɱˣԼдʱ
ߣĿǰսģʽͬ
ʱս
Լۺʵǿ޷ڶʱһˮޣڰ׷Ѿ
ǵַȭо
ɹʣ
޵УԼӵлɱ׺ƿ߶Ĺһͻƣס
ңô࡮ȫǹʵսϰ֮ؼֱݳޡ
Ŀ𡣡ַĿɨͷˮޡ
һͷԲģ·˸һ㣬ͷģǹ죻һֻΨһһֻ۾ֺ̣ͷһǯӡ
ǣʩչǴط
طУԼδ
ÿɱһҵĴطܶһ֣ǿһʵַĿȷɱͷˮޣʵͻ
֮ȫ򵽼
ж£
£Բ˰ɣַһЦ

ûнݾ
յ֮򣬸ء
򵶣ս
ַÿĺܳʵûԼֻʣ¡确١ѵＫޣĵͬҲǼޡ
ҪսΨ쵶
޵У
Щʲôأַ״̬֮Уգۼţޣַ˵ڰ㲻ʲô
룬òأɽ޵С
ؼǣe֮Լôʱô
ַ岻֪Ҳ롣
Լܣ
ģҪȥôࡣ
ȥ
ʱ£ַһǧ߰꣬ʱ佫ĥµᣬ⵽㡣
޵ǰУ
УȻ˹ؼһ㣬ǻ㾦۾˾ˣûо裬ںϵ硣
סʲôأַԹԵŵʱ૳
Ļŵ֮磬ַȫ״̬״̬һǧ߰ǵһΣѾмʮΡ
ÿһεĶ򣬶
һΡ
߳䣡¡¡~
ַĵεĥ£ʵѵ֮ڷ仯ĲǻǴڣŬһһ̤ơ
ŬͲиǰƿƣ
ⲻǳɹǡ
ʹɹ



1581 һһ
ͻƵģǵ
Ǿ硣
ĴҪ˲ĸ򣬾ڳµĻۣٱ飬ַ֣أ
衣٣̤µľء
ǰĵ·֮֮Ӵַ̾ΪֹӾ׳һƬµأƬ֮Уٲխ
磬ÿһζһ޴ĿԽ
޵СַݸЦ
֮ǰ죬һСҪ봴ǿĵֻþܵĽС󣬵ôм޴ڵģƤ̫ʱѡ
ڲͬ
辳ûнޣֻҪ㹻㹻ܹ죬ҴĽ֮ǰǿҲɣ
߳
ַ岢ż޵УǼĵ磬ͬĽ޵У辳ʩչپʩչȫ¡
һʦ͹ѧͽͬһľ
Զ

򵶣һǧ߰ꡣ
̣ڻͨаַ꣬彫辳ٷ֮٣ĵأһһʽ辳硣
ͨĵУɿȵʩչ޵
߶ԣʵԽ󾳽ԽҪ
һľ磬Ѿһ졣
ַи̾
Աʵ֮ǰʵȫΣڵսȫ׺ƿ߶Ρ
ھ㲻⣬ҲȥˡַһЦ
Цݴţȫ¶̲Ũ裬ַ徶ֱʮˮЩ֮ǰ߲ʵˮԣ񡭡
ͬһ֮ϡ
ʹȿʼַ˫ֱһͷԲģ·˸Ƶˮޣʮͷˮͷ֮Ĺ֮һ
һͷʵҪһЩ
⡣
һͷʵʮͷˮϵȣԼоȼⶼҪǿһȡ
ԼʵʮͷˮӦаɡַ⣬𼫹⣬֮ǰоȻͬ
ڵԼѾ˺ıǮ
ǽַĿɨˮܣһš
ûһͷˮޣܼϱeǿеߡ
һַ岻żִԲˮޣʱڻԲˮͫ縴Х¶ɡ
׺ƿߣΣ

ɡַĹף򵥾
ʵλʮͷˮĩ˵ԲˮޣѴ֮ɻɱߵ£ķ֧顣

Բˮ޻ɫҷ
һַɫ̲صľط򼰻ɫ¶Цݡһһ죬δﵽʵ
Լ⡣
һ
ַջɫںϵط֮ǶԴĸ򶼸ǾսԾǰٳ߸ͷٽһ
Щ䲻羳ĿԽÿۻҲ൱ɹۡ
ȫ֮ͬ·߼ޣʵȽ׻̫ı䣬սǿ

䣡䣡䣡
ݿַ࣬ѸٵĻɱһͷһͷˮޣʮͷˮޣλ²εļͷױǻɱƩԲˮޡ
λеȲεˮޣˡ
ƩһײϵĽüˮޣս⣬ǵĽսѲ·磬Ҫɱǣȴ൱ѡ
ʱĴڣϼѡ
ɫУַͨϲĽݣ˵ͷΪ֮ǰԼգʮԿסҪռ
ɫ˵򵥲򵥣˵ȴҲѡ
ʮͷˮ޷ΪΣʵȼһ㣬ͷˮȫԼɱˣͷǿˮޣȼ£ԼԲǶ֡
ʣ°ͷˮޣмһ
ԼƥС
ҪɱǣҪһ
ڵʵֻǳµĽսվ飬Ҫɱȫеѣͷˮһ룬аµġַĵ
ǱϾûжǻֻۣһЩдʶ
ʱǿû̫𣬵սʱһ䲻֪ͨ¶ֻҪץסпܡʤǿǻܡ
֮ǰַ㳢Թ
ڡ
ûҪ˷ʱ䡣ַ岢㿿ĥȡɣЩˮޣϣƾʵȥǣ뿪֮Ըһ
Ҵ޵УǡַȻЦ
Լĵ磬޵ֻʱ⡣



1582 ն
չأ򵶡
ʵӵͻƣʱַ㣬ֻһʱʵȥսʮˮ
ǿϲġ
ͬҲԳԼʵս
޵Сַ岻ϵĥ˼򵶺Ĺ̾һһǳɵߣȻϸϸÿһơ
ڵַ˵޵мûٹ򣬱ɡ
Ϊʱ;Ѿܶࡣ
ֻˮɡ
䣡һնƿռ䡣
ַ˫Ũ辳ʹ⾫׼Ȼһ𶯣ǿҵĵɢΪǿҡ
ȵޣǿϡַૡ
ޣܷپ150%ֻܷ辳20%Уȴܷ辳罫30%
Ȼֻ10%ܶࡣ
ƾڵĽ޵Իɱüͷˮޣ
ַ壬㡣
ԶԶַһγ򵶵֮У֪ԶԼļޣԶԶδʵΡ
ԭܼ򵥣մ޵еʱĵ٣衣
㲻ͬǲͬ
ٵ㣬ߵôԶȻѲƬͲͬ·ϣֻҪ㹻ͻᴴ㹻߶ȵĵУ
򵶣
ַʵԶֹڴˣ
ܸǿ

ǧ꣬ǧ꣬ǧꡭ
ܫ½תѹǧأַ´쵶ҲǺķǧ꣬ѵʱȴ޵Ҫ٣ȴࡣ
ˡַ˫
ĵУһǿĳ徢ûн޵ôʵʵĻɣǿżɽֱǰֱӵһֱָ֮ģһϰ
ڵľ
֮η壬նɱһС
һУ辳40%˰ɡַһЦʱֹѣ״̬ҲãԵĸڼ˷ܵ״̬
ԺУ뷨ͷ
Եĸ޾ĺ֮ȡһձд࣬Ⱥõ״̬ã̫ϧˣ籩

ַӲ㣬ʵûֹ
ܱĸǿΪҪ״
ڵ״̬ƾ辳磬Եĸ򣬻ܴǿĵУַš

ǧ꣬ǧ꣬ǧ꣡
תַǧָ꣬ţǧľȲϾַĵǽβ
䣡ֲһ뼯ٶȺһƻޱȾˡ
֮ǰһУһڸ涼ǿһأʵ͵εĿԽһȫλĴ
ͬ徢ǰƣۻ
ննһϰ۵ǰĻеġ
һ̣һǰǻҷ
˵ǿ
ʽмܫ½ͳ֮ΪܫɡַоâܫԼеһӽ뱱eһ·ննʵ
ġ
ͳΪ͡նɡַһЦ
Ŀɨʣʮͷˮ޵񣬻һ壬˫ͫԾ⡣
ڣʱˡ

ܫ½һߡ
~ĴЦ쳹񷣬ѪۣԡѪļ޵Ԩдܳҵͷ׵ɫĻеյĿȥһ
ڵļ⣬һ㡣
õͫȴ˷ܺͼѣһͷʨ
ˣ
ڻųˣ

ܫ½ԲֹһءΣձȻŻַˮȥ֮ͬһѵıأܫʯԨ
⾭ǧĴ޾ĥ£ڻŴԨײ
ڵȻȣ
ŵһܫʯ֣ʵҪٽһѣӲǽѴƿʵһ
һ
ǺǣǺǺ~~~ϲ񣬷Ц
ڵʵԱȲϽ벻֮ǰ޴󣬲Ұܶ飬ֹһս֮бƴţ
õһ飬õڶ顣ܫʯİٱ
ʵĴʮ㣬һС
ܫ½֮λһҵġ⾫â飬ɱЦȥɱǲ֪Ļ춴ࡣ
ļУַһˡ
һ׺ƿ߶ǿ߰æ
ֻǶһġЦһ磬ˮڡ



1583 Ѫɱ
ܫ
֮ƿս辳ʹĵȻɣַ巨ǿѳԽͨƿߡ
ʶܡֻ40%ȴܻɱ׺ƿ߶δڡ
Ϊ磬Խһǿ
䣡䣡䣡
ַȡɫ֮ȡתۣɫֻʣǿͷˮޡ
Уһ̲شط֮Ļɫ
ʮˡַԼеĻɫֻʣɣʣɫûһǼ򵥵նġ
ԼʵѾƿ
򣬻ǿãĳһʵ
ȻսһͷˮޣѰͷ
ַü
һҪķѲʱ䣬α겻αôܻȡɫҪõǿɫǰ쵽
ңһ֮һ˳ܼΪܫ½
սֻ
ԼֻԲ
û塣ַҡͷо
ҪôҪã
òܫʯ޷ȫܫʯҲνֻҪԼʵٶ۶ֵá
֮λe֮׷ġ
һУֱָġ
ʵ
ֻҪ㹻ǿʵܻһҪġַ
Ȩֻṇ̀ΨʵУԶᱻᡣ

ʮɫȫգ
ҵѪɫַܱ֮͡ǰչɫһŵĹ㣬
֮󣬻ɫգѪ
кܴͻѪ
Ѫٽһεȵ
ֵԶһܫʯܱȡ
ַ䣬ֱӿʼա
һɫĻɫڣʳιǱصѪӹȣʹɳ
Ϊ֮ǰչԵֱӱǳнȥ
ǰգ׷ѡ
˲䣬ɫգѪԽԽǿңһһԵɫǱѪӣ𽥿ʼͣӾ硣

ɫһѪ̼͡

ӽһʱѪȫͣѪӳ˯״̬ѹ㹻֣
~~~
һƻɫѪչȫ
ÿһϸű仯ÿһ嶼ɫı䣬ӦżٵѪɱ䣬ϵۼɫʵضĲͬ
ڰھ
һһ
ȣַҧ¶ɡ
δʮѿʼҲǱѪͷ·һ˯ľˣȻѣ

ˮ𶯣
ַͫоѪɫҧĿֱ죬̲ǿϢɢ޾ǿȫϸı͡
꣡ϣ
N
岻׳󣬹ĸǼͣÿƬۼ׶һ㣬ˣۼ֮µļǲʣɱ䡣
βϵƬһ񵹴̣͸žӨɫ
צĸӼ񣬷һѰս쳤ֶ̡Ƹı䣬ʱԽԽΣֻǾ޴󻯵Ρ
ӣһƬƬ䣬ӱĸӿʣͷ֧ŵλļ¶ɫ̷Сѿð
ȫÿһڱ仯
ǿѪӰÿһõķ򣬸ǿķչ
ǿѪ
ΪǿѪ
𣡡ľ޴֮ٿؿڴַɴѪâ¶ʹ
ɲǼ䣬徹ʼС
С
ʧˣ
ַԺٿðͷܿɡ
ʧܣѪı仯ǰڹɵڣڱ仯ⷽǰѪһ״̬
С
ɣСɣٶȡȵȣûиı䣬ıСȴ⣬ǿ
Сս״̬ҲļΪɫ
ܷӳ׳˶ǿս羫һԽԽãܶʱ䷴ԽСԽѡ
̣ʹҲƣ
ֻҪȥѪɱ䣬Լ˵

ǿַҧ֣Ѫӿееľǿͼ㾡šʹ˵㲻ʲôΪ˱ǿһǵ˺ܾá
ܫʯܷ֮λ
ֻΪѪɱ䣬ʵǿ
ֵã
һǿ
һҪĸǿ
ַ˫ĿѪ죬쳤𣬾չҰġ



1584 츳ɱ¾֮
ģ־
ԽǿľģԽ͵־ʹֹûַиܣǼܻ棬ʮɫУʱɫһδ̼ӡ
粡㣬Ѹɢȫ
ĻɫѪͷţĸַɱ˫ȭգһѰս¶ɡ
ʱ䡪
ಣ
ֱַȡʣˮһ˵սȵյļй֮޲Ѫδ䣬ɱδԼҪĻɫ
ӣѪصĺ
´ֻһ֣ȫҪøѪɸõɱ䣬ҪɫԽԽã
Ѫɱֻһַ֣ʵ춯صı仯
ǿʮ֮ࡣ
Դصĸ򣬱츳ɱ¾֮
ണַ˫ͫѪâǱѪ츳һ츳룬״̬ȵȣ˲䱩
Խɱ¾ԽѪɱ¾֮Խǿ
е츳
£Ҫ
ɱ䣬ַʵɱ侫צ۷춴Сˮ˲佻棬㽫Ӳɱ
ͣ
ˮǰķͬϬֻҪƣַ㲻ںѪƬȴ˲䱻ǿ޸
һɫˮУҵʹַɪɪ
սȴǸʢ
һ
䣡ַٶȻɱһεƱϴθأַںϵĻɱٴֱȡΨһʣӵдط֮ˮޡ
䣡䣡䣡
ˮ޷ǿַ幥Ƹҡ
ˮǰм±ƬӨĻɫַ֣Ѹϥһ߻ָƣһջɫɱѪ
δ
ĸʵǿˮޣ
ÿһʤսַУֻһɽԼ׼նȡջıɽ
ɫԼҪ
ÿһѪļһ㣬һٲС
룬ںܳһʱﲻС
ַһΨǳڽδȫͣһδδĥȵȴһгΣҪıˡ
Ѫɱ䣬ͬǡ
ϾεѪ仯֮ǰͬǽǱصӷӲصĺֱָģһȫھ
ֻҪھһ㣬Ѫͻһ֡
ʵͻǿһ֣
Ļᣬֻڣ
ַХһɫӵеĴط򼸺һͣİѪɱ֮ԴطĸѴﵽ˵ز
Ĺ⡢ҪǿĶࡣ
ڻɫֱӸ£ûһڻͨط֮磬طϣȫδʮȫʮЧ൱ˡ
䣡
ͬķؼǿֹһ
ľ縨£¶ַ֮ͷˮһԹԡѪĶԺ䣬ȫơ
ַ屩Уͷ­ظһʹȴǱض˫ʹϮַǿסþ˺塣

ըѪĽһɫ
ַһɣӿɫɢȫͨӻһ޸ƣһǿ
Ѫɱ䣬β
ûַ屩Уɱͷˮ֮һƴȫĴط֮ȫ壬ʱֽ档
˻ˣȫ˺
Ҫģʱ䣡
ܫնַͫѪâ鼰ɱ¾֮ͷţδ츳ϵɱ¾Ѫַİͬ
սһδ
ʹַ񹥻ʱֻΨһһ¡
ս
ÿһɫΪУ
޶ȵͻѪǿʵҪĸǿҪվڱeӵ۷壡
ַȼ
츳ɱ¾֮
ӵԴʯַ񣬾ʩչ츳ɱ¾֮ܳһʱ䣬ַ岻ںĸã꣬ʧȥʶַںΪԴʯػ
Ҫġ
츳ֱΪ
䣡츳ɱ¾ַ֮壬սԱͷˮޣʵѴ׻춴ඥε۷壬ȻռݾϷ硣
أ䣡
ַ彫ȫ
ԹԹʵޣѪȴӼٴγ˯ǰɫֱɣŨĻɫɢȫ޶ȵ
~~~
Ѫɱ䡣



1585 ܫ½
˯˺ܾá
ַ˺ܳһʱΣѾδԹˡ
~~~
۾ַվ
ʹȻɣӯ֮Ƶģԭۼױ仯ɫβ޸Ǳľǿ
С˴롣ַоԼ壬ȻС٣δκμ
ܸӼеıķս
һУˡ
ڣɱˡַϡǵѪɱʱһ꣬ƴȫսԼɱˮ񣬲ȫɫ
һʣ
ȻʧȥһĻᣬ޷ܫʯֵá
ܫʯǱ;ٻãѪǿֻһΣһɱ䲻֪£֪ܲٽɱ䡣
塣ַȭ⡣
㲻ʩչ츳֮ԼѾ˵յļ⣬ҡܶ࣡Ԧ¶߰ǿ̲ۻϢ
ˡ߰
дһ¡ַ΢Ц߰˵
߰΢΢һ⡭
ȫʵֻʣ1%߰ȫͼַ֪Լжǿۼ߰Щԥֱַӱ߰
ৣ߰ͫҲס
һսҷ׳ʡ
ȫһߵľ棬֮ǰַ첻鷳ķһʱδܻܵ߰бѲҰܡ
ϲˣ߰˷ܡ
˵ʵԽǿΪūԽˣҵַ߰ΪʵЩʹ죬ۼַʵˣпοࡣ
ַȻһЦ
ʱˮˮлɫ֡Ȼ޷ˮܫʯʵַǹ⡣
Լһ㣬ȥʮɫ
ô
̫ˡַа㲻ڣʮɫѪɱ䣬ʵôֵá
ң׬ˣ

뿪ˮؼַ鼫ѡ
֮ᷢʲôһԼܫ½׬磬Ҳ˵߰ǿūͣǰѪɱ䣬ԼսǿߣѲС
ˮϵģʮ֮˾ǱܫʯַƳˮ漴뿪
ԼţܫʯԲֹһ顣
ңܿڲͬĵȻeôã
Ѳɻǽˮ
Բ
ԼЩˮٻĿǣܫʯÿһƬòǱܫʯطС
ܫ½൱Ӵ
һܫʯҽܫ½ãڶǳأ顭ڶܫ½гֵĿܣһɣ
ַа⡣
Ҳ飬漴ǰܫ½
ԭ֮⣬ԼʵҲȥһƬܫ½֪ʲôӣòܫ½һˣҪ˶顣
һƬ½ûջ벻Уﲻǡ
ܿ죬ַǰ
أڵַ̫ɲһ·ɱЩͨʵޣȫǴݿַ࣬ܫ½
ƺܫ½ҲǺܴ󡣡ַĿɨܣ
漴ǰѰҶܫ½Ĳ䡣
һİĵҪ뾡ϤصܣõķȻʵصǳµ֪Ǳȱ˶ࡣ
ԼõһܫʯıǱһѡ

޵ڣַһ
ԶԡһĿ¶ɫʧסͷϹ˭Ҳȥ֪޵ڣߣδһų
ǰߣط㶼ȥǧȥ޵ڣ
ǸϹʵ˵Ժصϲŭ޳˭Ҳ
ڱһһһ׷Ȱ˵
ַ΢ЦӦͷ
һ൱飬ڲеںַ뿪ȺûзǼÿһ
޵ڣַૡ
Լո߰ĵڣֶԼû´ʮ֮˾Żпܫʯ
ʶǸϹַʵ
ǵģˣһץģʵǿºһڣ֮УһʮһڵʵӦÿ
㲻УҲܱɱ߰
šַͷ
֪߰Լʵֻ֪ԼȫʵԼ츳ɱ¾֮δǿжδʩչ
߰ǿǿߣһ޵ڣַ˫кڴ
㲻ΪܫʯԼҪȥ޵ڣһ
˵˷񻹻ջ



1586 Ϲ
޵ڣ
ڣһҡ
ַ弸ûѶҵһ·۶УΣյ£ʡ൱ʱ䣬޵ڣʱķѸ¡
ޣǿϢδ޵ڣַѲϹϢ
һͷսϹδ棬óս֮ġ
ӭͨǿ߽룬ʶɢϢž֮⣬ֻ˵ǡơʵδҽУػᷢ𹥻
˽룬ͲҪɢϢˡַס
ͷϹ뱰һ˵ľ㤿ֲЩġ
룬ɡ
̤
ַԾ漴޵ڣûκԥҲûκαܼɣո˵η塣
ͷϹʵǿʱͬ°ɡ
ַ壬оԵš
һͷϹģƬܫ½ǿ֮һΣܷΪܫ½ЩҪ
ԼʵĽѾڱeվȡ
ڱeУԼ㹻ʵֲ䣬Ȼαe֮˭Ҫκһαe֮ȥһǿߡ
߹Ҳ̫ѡ
ʵһи
ڣԨ֮״ħŭַͫһƣԪܲȫۻ뵶辳磬˫Ѫ֮ɫ
°ѹϮͷϹȷʵ߰Ҫǿ
ǿĶ࣡
üһַ֮ȸԾսѪҺǷڡ
սȤ
·谵Ĺߣӳһɫľ޴ӰԴûκͷһӿݵѺۣͺ񡮴֣һ˫ֱ۴ֵĿѪɫľ͹Գֲ
ħ壬óı
ԱʩԾǧǽʮٱıµǿá
ܫһַʩչܫԴӲƴͷħ塮Ϲ
սչս
ܶǿĶ֣ޱһսµַûκ뷨ȫսɱ¾ѪҺڷڣѪһȫһս
䣡䣡䣡
ѣʯ쾪
ѪɱַʵǿϢƬ޵ڣеϹͬʡ͵ĵƣܺ߰һųɾţֻʣ1%ʵʵȻԽ˽׺ƿ߶⡪
׺ƿߣ£
ܫ½Уǵ֮ǿصġǿ
ܫ½ʵǻᱻѹƵġ
ʶϹʵﵽ׺ƿ߼£ⱻʵܫ½ֻܷӳ׺ƿ߶ĲΡ
״̬£ٱѹơ
Ƕеߵ㣬۷״̬Ͼ׼µս
Ȼµַ壬ҲĶ֡
꽻ַѪֱȥͷϹĽս˲ᣬʱַг˷ܻ˷ܡ
֣߾ȫսĿУ
֮ģһȰսǿ˵ûʲôȫһս˷ܣˡ
ַҽһţڣʯȻѣʯҷɡ
ۻ뵶ȻβֱϹһһʽĵ磬ַ壬ѿĲΣͨ
ǹҪԡ
Ҫվ磬Ĳֻͬϵϰϰ
𣡡ͷϹŭҲ˵ˣƬ޵ڣѴ̫ãʵַǿսַϵս⣬ַ塣
ս󣬶õȸ涼Щ衣
Ӧһϻȭ׳
ˣ
¡¡~~~
һսֱذΪַֹһ̤һԾĿźͷϹȴһ΢ĻȣֱúͷϹĪһ䡣
ܾãЩʲôõҪ
һ֮ǰǸѲˣͷϹ죬ɫࡣ
ǲ׷ɱַ壬ͬˣҲ֪Լ޷ɱ
ϣ֪ѶˣҪˣͷϹаͷ¶ٺӹˣ˵ζܡ
ȻϲսżһλӻãҪս
ϹͷɳԲ
~ͷϹȫɫâ۾
һưɣ̵۰
ͷϹ첻ѡ
߰ʵָҪʤࡣ

תۣȥ
ͷϹǻָ۾徲ٿضٴδ̤ʯϤϢͷϹɴ۾ŭɶ˵
Ӳ㣡



1587 ħ
˭ƣҲ᲻οͷϹﻹͨħ塣ʵ˵100%ֻ30%20%Ҳڱˡ
񣬱һСƣԿ
һûڶβŸ첻Ȼˣֱȫ
ͷϹʵһҪɱַ塣
ԸΥ
𺧵ķֵ֣ʵһαǿˣȻֻǱǿôһ㣬ȴôôһսŨŨѪζǸֻл춴ʵļһˡ
һΣͷϹ˵ıϴθأϴθʹ
ɶʹˣͷϹŭͷϵġֲŤһ䶯ĺߡһѡ׷ȥȻĿС˵ߣȴΪ
ֹΪڣƣΪʵûƣҲ޷ɱ֡
ܣֻһ춴ࡣ
Ĺ̥춴ǿͷϹ߷߲ƽ˼䣬ǲޣʼָ
һΣ졣
ͷϹɴ۾ͫâɫһ
ǵһײôѲĶ֣ʵһĻãƫƫʵǿѷһʵ˶٣ҡ
һֱڽ
ɶ񣡡ͷϹ˵ļأεĽսֵʵֱǿˣ
ģԽԽмܡ
ĴΣΣΡ

ͷϹԴһ£ʶԺʵǿڵߴνսʱڲܣˡÿһνս־һѴӰ㲻ϵĴֱƣΪֹ
Ҫˡ
һ춴Уǰ۶һ۵ĵ͵ȴڣ
ֱЦ
ҪɱɱͷϹ仮һ˿͸߰Ѿ̫ãõԼȴʱ䡣
ûɣûһС
еģֻ޾Ŀͼį񡭡
ڽˡ
ôȻȴͷϹ͵۾ѣǰ춴˵ģħԣ
㣬㡭ͷϹһʱЩ
̸ɣַ߰漴ų߰ͬΪħ壬кܶ๲ͬ⡣ַ屳˫֣˽һħԵĽ̸ռ䡣
վԼĽǶȣɱͷϹ
߰һѵõʹӣֻ֣в1%ʵǿ˹ָܻȫʵǺεȵĿ¡
ӵʹӣܫ½ԼԺˡ
ֻʵԽǿԽ߰ԽշַĿƳͷϹڣ߱ĿⲻʱƳӺ;裬֪ʲô
Լģֻеȡ
ԼȰ˵ЧҲ߰á
ͬΪħ壬̸˳
ܿ죬ħ֮Ľ̸ǽ߰΢΢ַʾ⡣
ַţǰȥȻ˫ֱͫӺͷϹʰɡ
ͷϹͫһ˿â˻ƣ
˵ַ
ͷϹǰצͳ䣺һҪسŵʵ⿪ӡʱɡ
ַͷȻ
ԼʵԽ⿪ͷӡʱ߰ǺͷϹԼ˵ѲҪΪԼʵѾȫѹ
ɣ˳ˮ顣
ͷϹַˬ죬ɫڶʱΪūͣҲΪˣˣ
ַȻʧЦͷϹĻͦǿ
ԣʲôַҲӦƺνԼûں
ͷϹﶢַ壬䣺ܱҲԸ£
ַźͷϹʲô㲻Ը£
ͷϹ۾һɣ֪㵽״ӦӦˬ㣡
ԭû⡣ַЦЦҲԸ⣬ҲԸ⣬ʲôô
ͷϹģҽħ˾ӣҲſڿ֮뿪Ե飬Σ֮£ҾԹۡ
ַЦЦ
ĳͷϹִ֣˵һһѵӡ
ݣԼΪūҲΪҪһ֣ڹؼʱи˵Ǳ㹻
ͷϹֱַ壺ҵĵߣ
ҴӦַ嵭Ȼ
ڿԿʼôǰַ΢΢һЦԦ
ͷϹ׵ɡ

һūͣ
ħ
֮ԲַԼǵһμѷ֮ԲεǿߣȻֻλ򣬵Բһ󾳽ǿ
Ҫ޷ȫʵҽħСӣħߵ
ַȻһЦ
Ҳǣֻв1%ʵԲǴԲʵͰ
ˣǰܫʯַʵ



1588 ܫʯ
šħҲŤ󣬺ַһֱۣ׹޵ڣ·׵Ԩ֮ףȻ߰Ҫ֪Ķࡣ
ַ¶һĨЦݡ
Լϣ޵ڣȻһܫʯ
δȴ̫ãܿħǻ϶һʯ״ۻʯͷַ˫һֽӹ
ʯͷײӡšܫ֮һ֡
Ȼܫʯ
ֻ
ǣַüͷ΢΢һ壬ȡԼϵܫʯϸȶԣͽħȡõļһģһͬǣܫʯ״һޡ
ظģ
ԣҪȫܫʯܳΪ
֮ͬûá
ܫʯħƳַһۣʯͷһǵıܫʯǵǱܫʯ
ַһħ
߰ʲô֪ħ֪ĺܶࡣ
߰СһǺץģԲħ·ַ֪ʲôֱӱǻش𣺡ܫ½ܫʯÿָ顣
ַʱ¶һĨЦݡ
Ҳ˵ԼȻֻõܫʯȴȫܫʯeòܫʯҪΪùԼһء
ǱܣıܫʯԼá
ԣ
ַٿħ𣺡ǰ֪ܫʯڣ
֪ħӦ
ǰָ㡣ַ֮һϲȴǵȫѹ
ħҲθڣֱӵǱܫʯһأ֮ɵãһܫ½֮һ㡣
֮
ַһӦþԼˮˡ
Ǳܫʯѱϡ
ıܫʯƬܫ½ܫĻֻҪ취ҵǣܱܻıܫʯħ
éٿ
ַ¶Цݣȴ֮á
û뵽շħնȫܫʯϢͺܺðˣԼܽλ¶ܫ½еıܫʯõ֡
ܫĻôңַʵ
ҾͲ֪ˡħʼ硣
ַͷ
ҪػÿԼ

ããһƬܫ½Ҫһˡ̸ףܫ½̽ѰַҪܫ½̽ȫ˵ҲҪʮϰꡣ
ܫ½Ҳһ
⻹ֻ̽ҵ
ĿģĿͷûУôܫ
ԼܫʲôӶ֪
˸£ûκַѡ뿪Ƿһ׵ķնܫʯ
ȣأ
Ҳҿұ𡣡ַĵȻıܫʯԴܫôҵܫ𣬾֪ܫĻʲôӡ
֮ңȻ°빦
ңԼҲȥһصġ˵ͽħʵͬһΣҲǽ׺ƿ߶⡣
Ƕе۷塣
߰Ҫʤһ
ħͬǣܫħ壬ܫ½ػߣ߰ͽħһأȫʵȥκεط
Ķ֣Σա
ԼʵԱࡣ
ϧܫ޷Ϊūַ͡弲أҲû̫⣬νܫ½߰ͽħ׬ܫʵǿ뿪ܫ½δؼù߰

ʱأһƬ״
˫絶һǿҹ⵶иȡһͷͷ޵΢ԴһֻŶͷңȴзֿҰʡ
䣬Ĺٷɱͬ׸ţ
ļ⣬ʵǿ
޷ȣҲ˶١
Ƭܫ½ĲַֹһȻʵַȫ޷ᲢۣʵȻ൱ףҪǡ
õǱܫʯ
һܫʯĿ䣬תսأȸսܫ½ʱʵĸǰٱ
ܫ½֮λĪ
ߣСܵĵ졣һѽɫֻ粻ַӰ
һֱš
ҵ㣬ļա
δַ
ǰûУڸûУŵֻܫʯѾ˺ܾãټȥˣҪ񣬳Ϊĸ֮һ
Ȼ󣬳ɾͱe֮˫ͫҰľ¶
Ǳ仮𣬼Цǰɵġھ
ĿһУɱ¾ѰܫʯĴڡ
һƬѪɺӡ
ġ
ţ͵һԶ
һϤӰǼ۶ֻӰϴν˵Ǹ춴e壿
ã
ã
о¶ɭȻıЦݡ
ֳɵɱ⾡֣



1589 ֮
ǧĴٳ߸ͷһ
ڽ׺ƿ߶Ѿٮٮˣ㹻Ӧսַ弰ͬΪεħ塣
ʵžš
ɱǣ練ƣ
ߣûа֣һоȡй˲żâһ̹⼲ַ壬ס
˲䣬ǻһ磬ֳɵַ塣
һУһС
ĹַκλᣬҪ̵ʱ䣬Ĺȡַȫ־ڱصãȻ
ʵȴٴκݺݳһ⡣
ַ壬ӣǻ̵Ĵ⬡Ҫɱַļ⣬һ˲ѱ֡
䣡
ַ岻ֹܿĹ۷춴иǻһâľۻƥĵԾԵԺ伫⡣
ôֱȫ飬Ȼ
̶̲ǧ꣬ǰ춴ʵǿ̶ȣ
ٵĺˣͳֱַ壬вӿ֮ǰҪɱַ岻Ǿ֮Ϊ׾٣񡭡
ҵʵ֮ǰǿ˺ܶ࣡˫ĿѪɫȻ
ȴȫ
δȼⷴӦַչڶֹ
û뵽ַĶֱӣĵԼδײ⣬Ȼײɴ˵һս
һսҪ
ԼҲ׼
ٶϼ⣬û˽ţл֣̿ΪԼѾվͬһΡ
ǿ
ܫַȻ
ǿѪսվַսԺͽħƥУ֮Ըַ壬֮⣬кܴһԭΪַʵ
ǿ
ܫֻӳ40%ľ磬Զʤ150%200%ھϣַȫѹ⡣
ܼԪطǿʵࡣ
һɽһɽߡ
ڵַ壬ȷʵȼҪǿ
ⲻܣѪļоǾֺȻ˿Ǹܵвܵ˴δйĲ
۶δһ۵Ļ춴࣬һɽѹͷϣԺ
ΪĹȫκβ˶֣һĹҷڣ˲ᡣ
ôôǿôҲ벻ף̶ʱվΣ
һαַ˺Ѫڣ¶ġ
ߣ
ٲߣûˡ
ȻмԸϣһεĶ֡ʵȷʵ֮ϡ
ɶ񣡡⻯һ⣬Ѹټɶߣҧأ¶ڶΣһᱨģ
ҿǼ⣬ҿǱeǿߣ
ŭ
Ҳַһۣ֪κβʵǿǱeٶĞe壬˭Ҳ׷ϣ
ڱžš
οԪطľ磬ַ֮ϡ
ɱңˣͣ㼲۶ǰβżֲмȻ֮ɫָţٿظӦһǿϢɫȻ䡣
ַֹһ
ã~Ļ棬ȼգг·
ƬصĽɫУһɫӰͷеӿݵѺֱۣ۴˫Űж㡣
ɢʵϢȴǵС
ϹɴͫȻһ˿šϵýħǽ֣ǴҲǿٶȽѡ
ʵ٣ҲΪԼѾܺͽħǿƥС
ôȫˡ
֪ͷϹǴӺζΪ𹥻Ϲʵ̫£һϣǽһѡ
֣֮
ãã~
ܣﵽԲεϹԪطƿ棬ѹһȡƾһ˻ѿס⣬ֻǸѡ
ǣַ塣
ýˡַɫһƬҰ׵ļ⣬飬лһտĺâֱȫӵļ⡣
ǿߣ
ʱeûκ
У𼫹ȴ赲Ľ֡˭ҲĴԶֵʴȣǶԼĲ̡
ַ壬ϲնݳ󻼡
۷춴عʵe֮⡭ַżıΪԼսƷ൱١
eǿߣÿһǸࡣ
޾Ԫۻ˾˲Ƹ񡪡
ԼС
ޣַٿضһ顮ʯͷʯĴС̲ԼһֱѰҵܫʯ



1590 ̫
ǣǱܫʯַ֮һϲ
֮ǰԼ˼ôȡһǱܫʯû뵽ͻȻ׵ľõˣڵƽ׼񵽵һ
ˮ˾ţ֮ûõǱܫʯ
û뵽ڡȫѹ򡣡
ַЦҡҡͷ
£ô
ȥһּ⣬˳õǱܫʯɫ֮ص֮λѾԼ֮ˡ
ؼֻʱ䳤̡
Ȼʱۡ
ʱ϶УһֱŲȥ϶߰ɣַЦЦ⣬ʱûѣ֤кܳʱ䡣
Խħ˵ܫʯȡѶȸͬ
һ򵥣ѡ
ԼѵܫʯѾõʣ򵥵һܫʯ˵ֵֻܫĻѶȲ
ؼôҵַʰһ£漴ء

ɱ⣬ûַж˷ܡ
ʵͼѲͬһΣɱȫʵѹȻǽħϣ˼ɱеѡ
Լڴģ롮Ļ档
ܫصͽħĳȻڣƬܫ½֮
ͱ棬Ȼһϵַ⣬ȻΪʲô߰ͽħסƹѺܫûУ
ʲôϵҪ
ҪǣܫģȻȥܫ½ѰĻǻܡ
ô򵥡
ַ壬һ롣
ò˵صĹʵԶߣôҲޣ뵽޵ʵÿһȱeʮǿߡ
൱ֲ
Ϊ޵ǳˡ
ַצ䣬һͷͷѸٻɱв˶⣬ЩֻǸ׺ƿ߲εޣʵΪͨ
ַ壬һ̨ס
ǰУ
ѹϢԽأϢѹбԽǿңַռܫȫͷģĹΨ˫ƵֱͫӶķܿġ
ȥ
ﲻĵط
ܫ飬ռ˻
ַЦЦɱң
ܫüͷ䣬°񲻴κθ飺̫ˡ
ôַȻЦ
û֮ǰܫֿܶܣʱԼ롣Ϊصġ߰ͽħôɱ
ֻǡ
ԼСˡ
ַ֪һʱڱӿһ˿˿Ѫۣ𽥱仯
Ѫǿ
ַ޷ƿߣֻΪռ򲻹ѾܸߣֻҪ뿪eӣַʣƿټ򵥲
ޣַո¶ʵܫɫ΢΢仯
ԭĹ°ƽ˷ɫҲɫѡ
㲻ҵĶ֡ܫһοڡ
ַ˲䱬ֱȡܫδѴ࣬һĿľΪ˻һƬܫ½ͽħͬһεĳǿߣ
ܫжǿ
Ǵţֻôǿ
ʵս⡣
䣡ˣҺսʹȫַδռκαˣܫǿʵģȷΪħƳ硣
ʵͽħһΪ׺ƿ߶⣬ȴǶе۷壡
ͬڽħǣܫûơ
ȫԸĹս
ңľµʵҪǿ
ǰȻַĨȥѪ˺վؿڼѪڣ˲ᣬͫеâȻǣǸ˷ܡ
սǿߣַϲ
֮ǰսħÿһνսԼ治٣ȫѪӾձ仯֮ǰȻ˴ɫѪɱ䣬Ȼϸ֮ڡ
߾ȫսÿһǿ
ԣսħַ彻սÿһζоַıǿйȻнħԼ˵ԵʣͬһΪѪ
Ρ
ַ壬ʼʩ
ÿνսܫ׷ɱַ壬δôַ֮ǰףȻΪܫǱһĨʶ
ͳƬܫ½
Ϊ棬Բɱe壬˵ַѪġֻһĨʶ˼άѸٹ̡
ʮ꣬꣬ǧꡭ
ַԼǱޣ򣬻սܫӹ൱ʵżܫѣʮҵ
ҵܫĻõܫʯΪҪ뿪
ַ壬Ը⡣
ҪߣҲӮܫߣַ˫׿



1591 һҲû
òҵһ֣һĿַ꣬ԲԸʹ뿪
򿿻ۡ
սսϵսͻơ
Ŀ꣬ж֣°빦
ܫͽħǲͬͣܫʵȷħ99%ʵĽħľ磬ƣȴ½ħûеġ
ңĻָܿ¡
ֻ˵ǲ֮Ϊܫ½Ǳ
Լ磬Ȼ޵С
Ҫܫɱܫֻһֿܡ
ʵȫԽ
Ҳǿ׺ƿ߶Σﵽ¡
̫ѡ
ӵʵڱeӶԺˣǱĿΪ͸ɫҲֻǽ׺ƿ߼²Ρ
ǣѾǱǿˡ
eĴʣܿҾȫԽַǧ꣬һʼܣ֧ţܫͥ
ڱĞeĴʣʵǱeǿ߼e֮Ƽ
ԼսǿĽҲضá
ܫǧĽսҵѪõ100%ˡַ壬վڽ׺ƿ߶ε۷塣
ٿһǼ¡
粻ҲѿΪռơ
࣬Ҳʱ뿪ˡַкԼܫ½ܴﵽļޣٶҲû塣
뿪ʱԵϡ
뿪ʱһսַ΢΢һЦҲнδܫһսˡ

䣡䣡

ɽѣʯ쾪
ؾģַܫսգѷָ¡˴ϧⳡս˵ǽ˵д衣
սǧ֪֪ףѶԶֵָơ
˭ҲӮ˭
лǰָ㡣ַܫ΢΢ס
Լ֪ûܫĳȫǧԼĽ
ܫ˫ͫڣҪˣ
ԡַ岢
ܫַ壬ٿһâವһֱַ塣ַһץסеĺȻһʯСܫʯһǡ
ıܫʯַ΢΢һ
ʵûҪ˷ʱȥҵĻܫȻ
ַһЦ
ȷе˷ʱ䡣
ദǧ꣬ԼܫԱ˴˶ѾϤҪܫĻķѵֻһʱѡ
ǾͶлˡַܫʯ漴ȡȥܫʯ
ܫʯ۶𣬱˴ϵâ
Ӧһ¡ܫĿ⾫ơ
ǰ˵ַ
ܫɫȻһ˫ֱַͫ壬֪Ǟe壬û´Ӧߡ
ৣ~
ַ˫ͫ΢˸ϡ
ܫʵ磬ܿ⡣
ܫȻˣȻ϶ѪͲӦֱ˴ˡպΪe֮ϣƴe塣
һģǰַӦ
ܫͷֵ߰ɡ
ʱ䣬ַܫʯɢâһ壬򶥶˻ۣкȻһɫݣͨδ֪硣
ǣǰַ΢һף̤ɫݡ
ܫȻջ֮ǰ˵Ǿ仰
㣬

ݣ¡
оʱһƬռ̤㵽һƬռ䡣ַ֪Լ̤ߵǿ𣬱ѽһƬؾ
ͽռʮƣؾʱ൱
ֻ˵ߵʱǲͬġ
һԲһСԲԵһ˶ԣ̤гһȦķѵʱԶԶͬģʵÿߵģֻһȦ
ʱͽռ䲻һҲ˶١ַ
䲻ռʱôջ˿ȽռѪĽɱ䣬ʵ˳
İǿ
ȱǿ
ᱱeλ֮ʱúúһˡַԼԱΪοǱԶʤ
гգڡ
˸ɢǿַ֮ȸ
ڣһؿˣ
ݣᱱe֮λã
ʵвĳ˽֮⣬һֱĪ⣬עĿĴˡַ⣬׼
Ӹ뱱e򣬵ڼۣ޾
նһһء
Լ㹻ʵԼȥᱱe֮λãǷԼҪģ
ȻߵⲽһҲûַ΢΢һЦ̤ǰɫš
ǰȻ仯뱱eġ
e



1592 ڴ
׳۵ıeȻ
Уһ߰ĳǿҞeڞe֮ϣһɢϵĵ񣬸С
ڴǰѾӰվ
ַһĿӰŮһžӣͷ٣Ƶϣֳɫӡǿ֮һϵ硣
ټоȻͬ
ֹԼϵ
ʵͻơַϵı仯ԭʵֻǽ׺ƿͨΣǿһڡ
ǽ׺ƿ߶⡣
⣬ϵıʵѶ͵ľ֮سΪ̫ɡһûо֣֮رѶȵ͡
ܼ򵥡
ñʧ֮նģһ֮١
λҲŮӺϵȻͬڣϼ£ʺվﶼһλϢδ¶κϢȴУɲ⡣

ʵܱϵǿַĿ⾪Ů΢Ц˵ͷ
Լ֪ΪξΪɫ֮أκһe忴һǼ⣬ٲҲʮǿĽôҲֲԼ춴࡯
ৣ
ͫоһţδ˵
ϵ绮һ磬һ׵ɫףӯӯһյϵһɫ˿ǳǳЦݳַǰá
áַ΢Цص
ҼǵƷôϵ
ַš
Լ֣ɱڳѴ
Ӧɫ֮ذɣϵַ塣
šַͷ
ŮֱԾ֮ͨͭأδͼ⣬ƲͼڡַӦ϶ֹϵ羪棬ԶĴͫ¶һĨ⡣
ԣı̭ˣ
һȻûϵȻһЦҡס
Ǽ˼ġ
ʵıⶼǞeеٮٮߣΪǿۺʵǿһǰؿƽأͷһͨɫ֮ꪣ
ǺЦ
һ
ַҲδشϵ磬ûʣԼȻϾϵ뼫֮ĹϵԼһ²һ¡
δٽ̸
ϵ绹ǴδַַΪɫ֮ؽ
һǱʶΪ
Ͼַֻǻ춴࣬ǿҲޡ
һ㣬ϵҲûʼɿΪУѹûַǱʶѾ
ַҲֵ徲
ϵ粢޽飬ںʹ˵˴ǵзѡ
ʵ͵¡
ͲһˡַԼڷֻɫ֮صˣԼѾˣû뵽бԼġ
ɫ֮ءַ˫֪ﵽʲô
֪ǣпܱɫ֮Ҫǿһ㡣
Լѡַ岢ڣɫ֮شİһ㹻⣬ѪͻƱֵƱۡ
ڽɫ֮أδԵ
ʺԼģõġ
ϾĲлһԼڶûսʤĳǿߡ

ǿμһe֮
ʵڻڽɫ֮ذɣַڴ棬ΪԼ˱e֮УһԲľš
ĵȴ
ַֹ壬ϵﶼڵȴַĽ֣һһֵĸôe֮Ὣʽ
ȻϣҲ֪ǲܵ¡
޷˭ܽ
Ǳeӵһǿߣ

ոһա
ַڵȴպ󣬱㿪ʼǱڴսǰһʵһ֣ûҪȣȫˣľսҲԼ
ܫ½Ԫط״̬
eĞeǱeӵԴͷ
ʶeӵܼ档
ַ壬ڸط
ǿиҲһطһɹĴط򽫻һµĽ׶Ρÿ֮ﵽΡ
ʵԹ㡣
֮ںϱкǿȫ֮ںϡ
ڴַλڱeһ䣬šһΣûȺܾãûãeڱһο
ɫâֱe
Խɫ֮صߣڵ
ʲôϵʹɴ۾ѡ
ţַĿȥҲٿһ
ɣ



1593 ֮
ǰֵģǽһַǳϤĞe塪

һϮ£΢Цĳֲֹϵʹ𾪣ַҲһԼ֪ǱףΪeеٮٮߣûܳΪһؿ
£
ޣַԼĸоͬǡЩʲôֳɲϢޱȰ硣
׺ƿߣ⣡
ַ֮һ
ʵȽ㣬һ˿ֲĵز
һ壬츳Ȼǿ󡣡ϵĿ⸴ӵŇòǵһ仰
츳
ַ֮ݡ
ˡЦӦϵΪǿ֮һƺûан;£һжôȻǱ˴Ϊƽȴڣǡ

ַ֡塣
ַ֡к
ңַǰʮ״ƽĿڵЦݣЦȴû̫¶
ǰַ̾
ټ󣬸оȫͬ˷Ϥ˷־롣
֪һģȻϡ΢΢Цüëڵ󱱞e֮ᣬϣк
ţϣֱַӇӦ
ѾԼ֮ǰʶćˣڵֹʵǿҲѾˡԼȻЦЦϣ˿ףˡ
Į
~~Ȼ䣬
Ƭƺ𵴣һɢӿϢȣƬ񷣬󣬴ϵ磬˲ʱֱ֮
ľֳӡ
ӹ¶һΰĲӰʱ糤ˣ¡ͫҹâӣȥɣλ
֮ӣǵˡ
סeֻ֮һ
ҪųҪôΪe֮Ҫôe֮
ֺư硣
Ƽٿط˻嶸Ȼǣʱޱһ㣬Ȼһұըҷ
ַɴ۾Ϣ
e֮Ƽôˣ
~ַͫʱֻƼըĵ㣬һµĺɫ飬ƾֹʵȴԼٶתš
źɫתƼγһ۶
һǳ㡣
ԭĿȻƱһֱѰҵģʱ˿֪ԭƼ
顣ૡ
˵ʱʱ죬жʵͬǽ׺ƿ߶ʵ˿ȼ㡣
ıҪʤһȣ
ݣϵҲֱȡ顯ڣe֮ᣬһ˲㼤չַ˫δᣬֻǾĹš
ǰľƣ̫ӡ
ңҲҪʱ׷ʲô
ţᱱe֮ǳϦ֮£ռϷҲʲôôϵҲۣʹʵԿ͸
أֱ׹֮ӡ
ٶȷӦҲ
һߣһ˫ĿǾƣһת飬֮ӡ
ֻ⻹ȫַ
ÿһƼΪӰ˵ģ츳ھeӣʵַһҲ⡣
жʵжҰģ
ҡ췴֤ʱʵѾe֮ƼΪeĴʡ֮еƼʵǽ׺ƿ߶⡣

ĵؿĥ£ϵ磬ʵ츳й֮޲Ȼַֻ⡣
ĿǹӣʱϵŴС
Ҳǽ׺ƿ߶ΣϵʵȻ
ıˣΪeǧԪѵһַ֪ϵۣһǻòŮӣʵһ
ˣѾǽ׺ƿ߶⡣
ҪΪαe֮ʵһǾأ֮
ߣпܱǿߡ
Լ硭
󡣡ַԼһ·ײײć󣬺ܺϵ˵ġһ塯츳ʲô
ɱĸԭ
ԼҲǳϡ
ôܽģַ󣬺ߴʱ΢һɫȻҲַһۣǽ֮ӡ
ҶֻһĿ꣬ǾǱe֮
ûɽ
ڵʵֻºʹеһȡַ˫΢վ֮ϣ·֮ᶯ
սȼ



1594 ɽ
֮ӣǵˡ
ҪųҪôΪe֮Ҫôe֮
˵ַֻֽ֡ϸƷζűe֮ƼĻţȻ֪ҪôΪe֮´Ҷǿš顯
Լ֪һ֪ĻΪĲǳΪe֮ô
Ϊ֪һ׼ȷ
顣ַ˼Що漴һԾ룬ǹ˵֮ӡ
Լˣ֮
ǣԼ
þŨĞeַ֮һݣüͷ΢ء
һ룬оȵĞeսԼΪΪϵ͇Ğe壬՞eʵԼܡ
еİԼ䲻ǵʵвͬȵ
ͺǞeӵԴͷһַ侲δΪСʧȥ硣
еΣ
Լ壬ռ﷢Ӳʵ
ʵֻҪ׺ƿ߶Σδػǡɫ֮һУַսȾӶε۷塣
ǣһʵﵽ׺ƿ߼£Ȼ
ʤδ֪֮
֮мַۣ岢δκβʣ˵͞eӺƣڱeôãӦĻ
ǡԼ뿪ġ
ȥ
ַܺ档
Ҫ鵹ҲѣŴ㼣ԣ֮Ϣд棬֮ӵȥġ
ಣ
ַ׷ȥ

֮ӣ
ǿѹȡַüͷš֮гһ֣׳ȥѣ˞eӱľ⣬֮ӻһֶعڡ
ڷ֮ϵĹ
Լ޷뿪֮ӡ
Ƴ֮ӵĹȻҪ뿪ֻ񱱞e֮Ƽ˵
ҪôΪe֮
Ҫôڱe֮
ǱɽˡַҲΡ
Լe֮λãҲݲԼѡ䣬һͷӹ֡Ĵ·͵Ϯ
ͷĿʶƤһ˫۾ĵģǿɲ
eģһ㣬ġӹ֡ģһһ죬һһª
ǳɫۼסַһѼ
ӹֵʵ׷ֱ棬ۼɫǳ֪ʵǿۼɫԽζ֮Խ·ʵԽǿ
Լʵǿĺӹ֣ۼɫǰǳǽ׺ƿͨĲΡ
䣡
ֱַӻɱǰͷǳɫۼ׵ĺӹ֣ʵֻͨƿ߲Ρ
ֻ֮Сһࡣ
֮Ӿ֮ӣĺӹֶǺƿߡַ岻̫УϾ͸֮ӣԵС¡
֮ǰŴһУûñˡ
ΪһصĶˮ֮Ϣȫʧȥ
֮еĹ򲻽أأżһεжϵ֮ϵԼ䳢ԹѰңڞeӻ֮УԼĞeô
ʧȥϵʧȥϵַҲδ⡣
ϵʱϡ
οһδǼѣǴϵ磬߿Ʋǣʵ˭Ҳ֪֮ʲôϵ
硣
дʱԹͨ
ԽܼɣԽ򵥡ַŮأԾͭ;֮أнͼδ֣Լô
𰸣֮
ԴͳǸϵıļƣʮ֮˾Żһ𣬸ȡ衣
ڇ󡭡
ַԲΪʱć󻹻ԼԼԡ
ˡ
˲٣ֹʵ
ć󣬹ɢһɵİ棬Լ˽⣬ʵһµĵزˡ
ϣһ̵Ğe塣
ġ⣬ſʵԵţ
µćȷʵаʱ
һԼֻ»ḹܵУϾϵʵԼ۶ԇԻǶԴϵ˵ȥԼٸ֣˺ܶ
ʱֿҲ
ȶһ˵
ַһЦ
Լô׾ն񣬱e֮Ķ򵥵֮ǰؿĵؿǰ벿
⽫һǶµ
һʱֳܷʤ
ڵĹؼǣγΪeַ֮尵ʼգƼûἰ仰ҲûκΨһֻǿ顣
ڣ䲻
ԭƻϣͷʲôɡַ弲۶ǰ



1595 ̥

·;Уַɱһͷһͷĺӹ֣ÿһͷӹֶСe֮⡯͞eƣֻӹֵĞe֮һ̺һ
ҳ֮Ϊɡַ峢չûʲôá
Щ̫⣬ûôֻԼ¾̫ͣʶ̫ǳ
һööe֮ȻeеĞe֮⣬Լ󲢲󡣶Աвٰ԰΢
̲ص֮Ğe֮⣬ԼҲûʱգ˵ں֮
ھδǰʱҪ
һe֮£䶨ʱԼĳ·ȫ
Ϊ֮ӵġ˹򡯺ǿԼڵʵ޷ܡ
սС
ַ嵹Ҳµ֮Ӻ͞eһŲֻֻбʶûǻۣһͷͷӹܱʹ
֮ӣ
ֻɱκΞe壿
ַ岻֪Ҳν
սջٺò
ЩĞe֮ԼòţȫʹãֻҪ㹻ʱ䣬ʵһ㡣
˵Խ׷ƽﵽ׺ƿ߶Ρ
гʮգδκα仯
ַҲǵÿϣͬнնɱһЩĺӹ֣ȴատʼıe֮ᣬ·²ؼ߸߹
ַ壬ڵȴ
ĵĵȴᵽ

ַ岻жж
ʵϣַ塮ӡûãʹйһССײ
˫ûʹǿսΪ˭Ҳ׼Է
˴αe֮ĸʹҲ¶ƣԸһʼԪˣ̵
νֹ󣬸̥ćʹͣ֡
ãôܴ󣬸߰ͷ­һֻķˡ
øô󱣳ŵЦݣ֮ӣ֪Ŀ϶Ҷ࣬ǲס㣬ȥ飿
Ƴһۇ󣺡ŲţҲ֪䡣
ʼ磺ԣ
ҶʵǿϵƷ壬e֮ᣬͬлᣬ㲻Ǻܲƽ
ǺЦȻǴǼưٳ
Ŀһб˽ʵӦñȫʢʱڵĽй֮޲һ츳ȷ̾Ϊֹ
׵ĻͲ˵ˣô
ֵ֣Ȼһ£ɱϵ磬ɱƷ塣֮ǵԣ˭Ϊe֮һؽ
ȻһЦϵ粻Լô
ֻĽϣϡ
֣Ц¹Ȼһ񣬇
üһб䳰òĴ붯ְɣ
ЦôأͰ˼
ǿһļϣͷȴǸ̥

~~
ž꣡~
ǹ֮һζϢһʧȻɲָ֮ԭϿһΰ㡣
һΡַüͷ΢š
ԼĵڶζҲаա
ʲôԭôֻߡʲôܣ³ַжЩʲôԼ֪ġ
¼ѶϢǿѿ֡
Źӣµ֮ӣһֶصĹתţĞeǽ֮Ӵǿء
ãá
ַ岢żǰУΪöܿйأ뱱e֮йءκε˿Ҫ
ʲôأַüͷ
ڴʱ
߳
ԶһļһɫӰʵǱɫ֮ϣü΢ϲǿ֮һϵ硣
ҵˣƷ֣ϵϲʤʱģһСŮ㡣
ңַ
δ֣ΪԼûоϵɱ
ţܾˡϵǵͷɫӰַǰһ⣺м֪ܲѾʹˣ
ޣ
ַϵ磬ͫҪǷ˵ѡ
ִ
Ȼأַʵ
ϵȷ˷ֹɱ㣬ɱңȻֻʣʱپe֮һ
ַͷ
ϵԣҲ⡣
Ǽ٣ʱϵַٳٲ˵
šַϵ硣
׽ҴĻһ㶼ǻԡ
ô£ַʵУô֪ģ



1596 ֣
ϵһ˿ɫҧ´մпͷԼ֪Ϊˣ֮ʶһֱб
ΪҲ֪ʵ֮һֲȫ֪
ַͷ
ԼµĹȻûϵʹȷʵǻãŮļвԼ͇󣬶Ǽͽ˳¡
ڻԼ󣬾ֲͬ
̣ƣʵͽ޼ǿͽȻͬԸ
ԼϵʹУֻǡҡͻΧΪ
ԣַ֣岻Ц
ϵ˫˸ֱַ壺ʵƽƽçײһϸϻ۵ģ˭һۼ㣬ᱻƭȥ
ַȻʧЦл͡
ϵ֣ȴǸȡ˼ɣ֣ǴǇ󣬶
ַͷ
Ʋ⣬e֮λñϾֻһԼϵ絥һΪô˵Ҳе
һ֣ɱȻǺá
һ˻
һһ˻
Ͼɱκһûаôԡ
ϵַ岻ͣͷǼȰǱԱ֮֮һнпܣֻҪܱסп֮лһЩصı
رַ
ϵͷ֮ǞeӵԴͷﲻֹe޾˸ֱ֮컯
Ʃͨɺһӵк嫵Ğe
Ʃ֮Ǻа飬֮Ч
ʤ˵֮ӵһЩԽƿߵĲΣȡһŤתǬΪıe֮

ַ˫Խƿ߲εĴڡ
Լ¾һԦһǱҪǿԴʯ
ԭ֮ַֻĿ·֮
ϵ·𿴳ַ뷨֮ӲֹǱeӵԴͷeӵԴͷλeӵĽ֮
ڵλãδĽ֮ء
ｻ֮ʱᱩǣƬĞeģ޾eͱ֮񲻸ҶԸǣΪ֮ӵĴڡ
ֻҪ֮ӲݽߣǞeͲ
ַס
˼ַ֮ȥˣ
ϵͷǵģĿţÿһƬe֮ӵһţ̲صһe̥ǣǿ
ϵâһţЦʱܵõͲ´͇ˡ
ַһЦ
Լ᲻֪ϵڴʲô̡
ȷܴܶƣԼʵǰ㣬ûκɾܾˣȴǱãһ߿
ֻԼһõӡ
ǣַ΢΢һЦ
ǰʵշͷƣȥ͇󣬱ܵϱe֮λãϵҿģҿͬΪeָ֮ߵͣ£
ӹһ糺죬ϵգ۾¶绨ЦݣǣԸ⣬ȳΪe֮ʱҿɽΪޣͬġ

˫£Ǽưٳ
ַжϵҲŮܳΪǿߣȴʡ֮ơԼλ÷ŵôͣ佫δޱȨɫÿһֱߣ˲ӦС
ʵֻΣ
Ϊ࣬˹Ķǣַʲôıû
ֻķʽͨeܻϵƩ缫⡣
ԼԵϻȫǺ¥
˼ûȤֱַӾܾ
ϵɴͫ˫΢΢ſ˵Ļȴȫסַ塣
ǣң㡣ַָָ
㣡ϵͨ죬ؼ
һţϵ촽ҧķףô֪ô֪֪ڵĴжΣգʹʱ֣ܳҡ
ֱַ̧Ӵϡ
ϵ磬ַ쿪ڣΣյ㣬ҡ΢΢һЦַϵ˵лôϢҺа
ϵĽףҧڵģ
ַЦ磬㿼һҵ飿
飿ϵ˸Ϊַͨˣ¶ϲãҪʲô˵Ļһ
ǿ֣ңΪ𡣡ַɫѿϵ磬ȻһЦ
˵ǳҡ



1597 ڣҵ
ʲô
ϵɴ˫ͫ˲ʱͨ죬һ㡣

ʲôЦ
ɱ㣡ϵ羢ͷţĿ˪ֱ̧һַ壬ףַ·Ͳµһ㣬ֱǵ¡
ৣ
ϵɫ΢΢һ䡣
ַͫ󣬴⣬ٴιٿַѿڣȰʡʡȻûսˡ
ʲô˼
ϵ˫Ŀŭַ壬ٿغĽһףϵ¶֮ɫ˲ʱ仯һɫ磬Ķӡ
ಣ
ϵٶȼ죬İ׹ٶȸ죬ͷڣϼ£ͶɢŸ߹ŮϢƿ¡
ߣǴ
ȻʵҪϵǿһ㲻ַֹ֪ϵԼԵоϢʱԥֱӱܡ
ӵô
кϷˡַ岻ĸϡ
Բаϧʴ֮ģս֧ӶݣֻΨһһӮңʣµĲǱ²
ַ岻ԼΪ²һ
֮ǰҴﶼҲѵ䵥λᣬ´ξͲ֪ʲôʱˡ

Ů֮սҷ׳ʡ
ϵʵȻս÷Լƣӵһ۷춴ʱ
֮䲻ǰ٣̾ı൱ɫ
ƽƣַвˡ
ϵȫԸַʵԼϣɲ⣬ϵʵʵѾǿλڽ׺ƿ߶Σʹȡ
ֹһȡ
֮ԳٳٲɱУҲǼɵϵķʯٵ䲻ɱΪȴֵá
˲׽ľٲ׽ַ
ϵҲ֪ȴ޷ı䡣
ҪʵȴҪ
ھԵʵǰκεıƶʧȥɫʡ
ԼûܿϵҪˣΪûһᣬսǿɼ
ܣһ
ΪǿߣȻܶϵĴûɲԼ·ַ⡣
Լţϵ綨бľС
Ȼ
꣡꣡꣡
һϵܣһƹâ䣬ϵؿڴһһ춴ֻǲ֪Ʒס
ʣǼı
ֻΨһһΡַоϵؿǼﱬ춴һɲǣʺ˫ͫ財
~~
һȻϢ֣һľˣͭɫƤǿǰ㣬˫㣬˫һŽɫĴ
ϵ㺧˫Ѫ˿֡
ৣ~
˽ǽɫ·Ƭض֣ϵһСӿɫĸǲ׽
ޣַ˫
Ϊӵеıȷʵ٣µĽɫԼֻҲδضÿ
Լֱս¹е鷳ˡ
ַꡣ
ʱϵϵĵ羢ҳ⣬ɢȥϽɫȴȫգáԽɫľԽܣˮΰϵϡ
գǵһɽֱ۱һա
ʱ䣬ɫ𣬳˷·׽㣬Хһǿģɫһһϵף¶š
ˡ
ֹܣҰܵĺܲҡ
֪ԼĲ㣬֪ԼʵȲϴһԣҲΪe֮ǻeӣ׳󱱞eӣ
ʹñeӲeһ
ڣһжûˡ
ֹܣ׽֪ƢԣԸҲںһ°ҰĵŮӣŮۡ
ΪŮӣϵ
Ϊ֡
ϵͫ۽ǴˮΪ޷Ըеźյķȭ֣ɪɪϵ籥زͣ
ٿء
žણ
߳
һ£žҽء
ϵֻһᣬǴӸ߿£˲ȴסϵ͵۾һϤӰĿȻ

ôԼ
ֹϵ㵣Ҳȫû뵽һע⵽ַ壬ûַһֱһԣûа㷴Ӧ
뵽
Ŀɷ
ղţڳ˲䣬ַĹֱȡ׳֣ʹ֡
ʱַɫңŴ¶һĨȻЦݡ
ڣҵˡ



1598 ô
ūɱﱩȡ
𣡣
ʱ䣬ջĳ˱쳤𣬻һ˫ͭ۾ֱַ壬Ũɱ⡣֮ǰַ͵ϮԼǵú
ʱյУһ˫ȭʱַ塣
ַɫƽ
йâһͷɫ׳ħʱ֣Ŵ֧޽۶һ֧ȴϣУ㹥ˡ
߰
ַɫ֮յĵһū͡
Ԩħͫһ
δӦַһâγֵľ޴ӰѪ֮ɫͷûаͷһ˫ֱ۴ֵĿѪɫľ͹
ħ
ħһֱ֣
ƣʱŤת
ڽɫϵ羪סˣһ˫ɵô󣬲ǰһ̫ͻȻ̫ϣ
ַˣ
ǵôַϵ硣
ǣ
ϵһʱЩȻַ֪˵ʶĵʲô
ңҷַ˵
ϵ촽һü𣬽һмˣҪϵ糼㣿ƾʲô
ƾҾһַ
ϵЦΪҳɲأҳڴҲȳãʵıԣһȵϴ
ʵַ
ϵȻЦƫͷȥ
Ӯַ
ϵüһбб¿ԼӮ˵
Լ
ַȻʧЦϵڷԼǿƾʵϵַ廹ǱȽ͵ģȇʹҪ档
Լ
ֻϵ翴ܸ߰ҲѹֵΪǿߣǼƹھeӣȷʵнʱҪǡ
Լֻǻ춴ࡣ
һ׺ƿ߶εǿ߳ڻ춴ࣿ
šַ嵭һ䣬Ӱʱֱȡڣϵ粻˵ԼҲҪһ
лᣬ顣
֮ӣǾԼ˵ĵط
ַԼe塣
ߣһע⵽ˣַսﲻмһߣȻԨħĳִһַ壬û
һ춴࣬жʵ
ˡ
߳
µĵ˲ʱϮ
ʲôɫ䣬ӭĵնƿռ䣬йһǰ̬ƣ֮ȣ֮ӿʧɫ
һħƣӦһַ塭
䣡
ַһ֣´ܫ
һУ
Զѱһоʵַǻ춴࣬һӵн׺ƿ߶սҡ
ǿ
裡ɫΪѿбһˣѪڡͬ٣ԴĽڱeѷ֡
Ǳe֮ƼҲӮ

Σó֮ǿߣ
ۣﱻһбˣͷϷǷ¶˿һߣ˫ͫ¶һĨµɫ
ȷŭ
ﱩУƤư㣬ɫ·Ťҽ̤нӰһߣ޾̶ֱϹ֮Ľǿɲ
Բ
ַʩԷؼ⣬β͵ĺ
ϴԲ⣬ǰĴѱİ˰ģֻ»ȫ̬Ӹλضкܶ౦
ʵ߰ĳ˱ǿɼвϵĽɫҲˡ
䣡䣡
ַ֮սʯ쾪֣λڽ׺ƿ߶εǿ߽ڱeС
ϵ翴ĿɿڴȫϢ
ôҲûַʵֹӵԨħūͣ춴ʵȴܷӳ˿µս࿹⣡
ǱһѪ
ȻδռðϷ硣
ôôܣϵ촽Щϣɫףǿߵս·ֹͣɲǡ
ʵ̫ʣ
ߵʵ֮ϣұǿ˲ֹһ
֮ǰַԣͼϵֱշ̡ʵַַ̫࣬ûҪ֣Ϊʹ࿹⡣
ҧݣϵɫͨ졣
ģҪ
ϵǱeǿ֮һ
ǱeĞe壡
£ȴΪ֮
ôϵޱһЦԳʵΪ磬ȨıһжģΨʵҪġ
һսܣѷ
ȴֻ·ҪôҪô

ҡҲģϵȭѪ



1599 Ӳ
ģı䲻ʲô
ǿʳ磬ûкҩɳԣϵϵ⣬ʧȥѡȨ
ʱַսǽơ
ַռݾơ
ڷ﷽ռƣҪǡ
֮ӡ
eӵԴͷ
e֮ｫõ޶ȵͬǣ൱£Ȼ˿̴ʩչȫҲδַ࿹⡣
eʲôʱǿߣ춴ս˿¡
Ϊƿߡ
ͫ¶ɱ⡣
Ӳ
ַовκдвǳҪֻ˲ȫġ
¶Ť
ڵĞe֮ҫ£Şe֮ϣǿѪԭʱСǣҲ⣬ͷ
µģ˫ɫ̵ͫɱ⡣
߳
֮̽ÿһ˿ɢµɱϢѪȫ֮ǰҪǿ࣬Ψһȱǡ
̫ˡ
ʶδƲѣﲻԸʩչȫ
£ôɱַ塣
ڣ¶ôַһĨЦݣĹַǽʵ㣬һֱδ۷춴С¶ɡ
֮ǰδʩչУΪûҪ
¡
ȴá
֮Уַ徫â۷춴бռޣԼǽޡ
һԹԱܷܺϡ
ĹȫԸԽǿԽ
ַ屬йͬʱһ۷춴âҪܴԼһˡ
ûá
ԼҪģǽɱ
¸˵Ĵۡ
֪һߣֱ߱ҧַ壬еĽȻӴһɫ߰㴩͸ַ壬ǧٿס
ľԷǿ޷ֵȫ
ַ˵㹻
Цֻάһɲǣһ̱ǻ㤡
䣡
ַĹ󣬺Ȼ
ľ缫ǿ󣬺󷢶ϣ˵ַ彫跢ӵ£ǰһƬƬÿһǿᵶ⡣
50%辳磡
پȫѹơ
ﱩȣϵϼɹâһɫػ۱ַ࣬Ҳǿ
ʧˡ
䣡ַĵ̫¡
ܫڶУն
ܫϼֵȻСڣǳ徢Եַεȿ¡
ۣѪˡ
ɫͫȻɴΧУǷɴ̶ģ
ɫŤ
Σʱ̣ŵһˮȻѿһŰ۵Ůӣĸװ㽫ӵ뻳С
꣡꣡ͣͣ
˺ƺܫϼķ飬޾дַĹɲǼ䱬ޡ
ȻǰŮȴַĹȫա
һĸػźӣд̶ŮӵӰ䵭ʧ
۷춴
һǴռ֮
Ъ˹һͷŭĸʨӣбٴֱͬ˵ַ壬ռݲƣȻ
ãɫ棬ȼһ׳ȭͷ֮ϡ
ħַ¹
ʵַ٣֮ǰｻսħδȫΪַ⣬Ҫ뽫ֱɱ
£ʵȫ
ɫһƬҰѿħĶԺֱȥɫֱ䣬Թ޲ýַУ˺޾Ƭ
Ʒ壡
﷢ģһʬΣ

ٿ׹֣һǹɳ۰ߡµַˣҲȡַ
ʧȥؼ۷类˰ǹ·
ٽֻԽԽ㡣
ۺʱﶼžԵ侲
һߣɫסϵȫͣԭΪַʹļޣڲ֪Լжס
ǵʵ̫ࡣ
ʵԤҪǿܶࡣ
Ծģǰò˵Ʒ壬춴ʵΣӵƥдʵ
ֻһ㣬ɱˡϵޱȡ
ƥУǳ
Ȼûɱɼַʵ
ʧȥ۷춴ڹû˹ǣһϡ
ذɡ



1600 ճڣѨ
ϧַϧҲδ̫⡣
ҪɱͲ׵¡
ΪĹϵսֻ˵ûκôǲ֮漫µĞeֻҪһڣ
ԣҪôҪͱһбеУֱɱ
̫ѡ
ɹļʣͲǺܸߡ
ַҲû̫ϣֻǳһ¡
ʵѾܳɹˡַһЦ˻ᣬԼ˴һ
뽫ǿʵȫӣδɱս֮
ңҲûջ
ʧȥԵ۷춴ԺҪˡһսʧءַЦЦĿڽɫеϵ磬üë΢΢һ
ϵʱӦһ˫ֱַ壬֡
e壬ǿߡ
ַϵĵλȻͬٲʵƽƽĻ춴࣬ӵлдĳǿߣ
ڱeУһ
ңֻǻ춴࣬δǱܳɳʲôز

Ҫϵ粻ģ
֪ĽΪūͣΪûɣûԣʶܶ೼ӣЩĥЩЩ
۾ϵ˼ǧޱȡ
£ַ岢δ㴦ϵ硣
߰ħǽܣӴ൱ֲȴǳսĽֻ츳
໣໣໣˲ס˻˵һЩַԡ
ৣ
ְַͫڳͷϣüͷ΢΢һء
ԼַԲİҲᡣ
ֻ겻ǿòȥҪƳ˵ԼǿҪԶ޽ԼĴ
~
ַ屾֡
ϵͫ΢΢
ֹԨħٳһģߣҲǼֲ֡ϵ˵ǰġƷ塯ϲص̫ࡣ
ƣַ屾ֱƳ˵Լ
Ա˵̫򵥲
̶ȣһϵġ
˫˷ܵ㵸ٿر¶ֻ֮ɫ红ͯ죬۾һѹӡ
~~ַԦٶһŲɫӡ
ūַ
໣ҡͷ֣红ͯ
ճڣѨ
ַһЦ
ūʵźڵ߰࣬ǱҲףкܴռ䡣ֻǱһ㣬Լ򵥣ͯһʮִ档
Լ֮һԵǡ
Ľɫ
ַ΢΢һЦֵǰⲶҲȷܰԵϵʵʵ׺ƿ߶Σһֱܶӱ
Ѿȫ۷춴Ĳˡַꡣ
ǽɫĴַҡҡͷ
Լܼ񵽱ˡ
⼫пһ
ͬȼĴڣԽ춴ǿ

һߣǼܵĴٿɫһ䣬۾𺧽ӣšʧȥ˶ԻūĸӦȫʧȥ
ܣ
ҵԼôܻᱻƽ⣡
ûпܣ
Ҳѹִ˳ԾҪƳԼȷѣҪ޽Լǿߵ꼫࣬пһƿ
˵eӣОeжࡣ
e壬ó˵
ⲻġޱȣڻūʮֿأֹΪūΪūĲ
ǻūԴĳȼĴڡ
ڣȫʧȥˡ
Ϊɱϵ磬˷۱
˻ķйţޱħһ㣬ĻֱھҶ
Ʒ壡
ҾŹ㣡
Ұģв־
ľʹݣʧȥ˿ٵãʵΨġ
ʧȥ


Ĳʣ⡣
ʱַúüŲɫĹâӳ⣬ɴСɣСպװһϵ磬ÿ֮һ㵭ĹĤ̲Ų
ʱϵ磬ԵޱȽȴʮǱ
Ų´ϴɱˡַ岻һЦʱǼūͲ֪Ǻֱ顣
ٶȣԼԼûжıץס
֮ǰԼЩͷۡ
ڣȴȫͬ
һŲԼеȫֹǴǿߣԼɱȴ׷ϵģòܻ
һݡ
ڡ
ôǺôַ۾ϵ磬΢ʵ



1601 ɱҰ
ϵǰ飬ûƵġ
޳ĽëЩԿʱģ˽սַϵ磬Ҳ֪ʲô
Ϊǿ֮һϵĸ߰
ǿ˵˵
˵Լôһ㣬һǿ˵ҲǻԵĴԼҲ
Լϣϵܳ
Լá
кܶʱԿǡַ岻ָơһսԼҲǲᣬӲӴĹ
żʱǡ
ڰΣҪģ߰ħͻūڣܰȫ

ʱ䣬š
~~ַ峤¿ƾ۾ĿͶԶϵ磬ߴʱ۾ңԶĿ룬֪Щʲô
ַ̾һ
ȻûʣԼѾ֪ϵĴ𰸣ȻܲԼҪǸ𰸡
įš
֮Ǻԡ
оˣַϵ磬ǰվ
ϵĿбӣɱҰɡ
ʵַ
ϵɲַһۣٺƭƭˣҼˡһȥ
ַ򴽣üͷ΢
Լ˵ϵһöܺõӣԸĻԼҲ޷ǿ
ʱ䣬·ͣס
ֹһɲǡ
ãϵƳַһۣôϧô
ַĿϵ΢ͷ­һͷ죺Ҫɱɱϵִֵ̰֮ǿ
ַ
Ȱ˵ϵ˵Ѿûôˣǿߣһĳ־Ȼ޷ˣٸı䣬ٻᶯҡ
Ȼ㲻Ҳҡٶһַ֡ٿؿڡ
ϵһü
ı仯ַĳϵ綯ҡˣȻ淽߲ͨһ
ʲôУϵ
ٸһλᣬ֪ҲҶġַ
ٸһλ᣿ϵ΢΢鲻ϱá
ַͷϵ磺ҿ㣬ԼȥλþֶΣʵȥΪe֮
ϵȫͫȡ
һεĻ᣿
Ȼǳľ֣ӮĻȻĻᡣַϵ磬ƽˣôңҴã
һ仰ַ˫ĿȻ
ģǲģ
ҶģϵʾĶַ壬ϸֳһĨǿ͵ˣ㴦ãΪūΪ澾Թԣ
ܺá
ַһЦ
漴һ㽫ϵ˳
ৣϵ˫ǴӦľ֣ȴûַôϵĽųҷô
ַһҪ㡣
ϵɫӵĿַһۣҧˣһŵԡ
԰ջһ磬ϵɳȥ
ǡַЦЦ
ִֵԸ񣬵Լϲ
ŻɽЩգҪջȻҪһۣԼԸܡοϵǿˣԼջҲܸࡪ
һǿ¡
Լ֪ϵһֱԥԼҰģóܲģĲ
ֱߣ
Ϊe֮ûôסַϵȥıӰ
룬ҪԼһء

ַ壬̡
ûд͇ϢҲҪȥ̽ѰǵϢΪԼ֪ģϵҲһĿĵֻһ
֮ء
eӽ֮أ֮ӵġ
Şeӵľ޾ͻԵҲһԼ벻κɣ󣬴ǻ᲻ȥ
ԼҲܺ档
˽֮أȻײǡ
һΣ˲һȫץס
ַȻЦ
ıǇΪԼ֪ʵжǿڴںϵûʲôֻͬʮͰٲ
Լײֵܽ
󡭡ַ˫
һ̵Ğe壬һǱ츳˵Ğe壬Լ֪ôܽΪӵȺʵ
ڽ֮ǰʵԼܶࡣ
ܿ죬ǻټ档ַ弲۶ǰ𵭵ս⣬βһɨֱɱһͷӹ֣e֮⡣
Խ֮أӹ־Խࡣ
ν׬һe֮ûл
ַ岻ǰУһۺ֮ӱķƽ˾ԭϵԣԸԼûг֡
ʲôԭԼ
һսᵽ
ڣˡнպ֮أַ˫Ȼǰȵ֮мޱȡ
ıe֮ս



1602 
ǽ֮ءַĿɨܡ
̤eӵģϵԣ൱ۺ񣬱ߵ֮Ӹǿ
ӦúΣա
ӹֵʵ߸¡
֮ͬأͬɣòѣַһѴʮ־ＴԱe֮ᣬܴ⣡
ʵδ֪ć󣬱һ޴ı
ϵ磬ܻӭתɱ䣬δһ̣˭Ҳ֪ᷢЩʲô
ӣԼ̫ࡣ
ַ尵ݡ
һǿ϶ԻõģǾ飬ֻǲ֪Ứ˭ңλá
ϵԣԽѹԽĵطĿԱԽ󡣡ַ帩·Ԩס
ԨͬǣˮˮѹĴڡ
ǿˮѹȻȺܶ£ǿˮѹĺӹ֣ʵ֪
̽һ֮̽صķΧַ岻һʱ
Ϥ򻷾벻١

γΪαe֮
ַ岻֪
ֻ֪Ҫ£Ϊe֮㽫϶һǶƼԱµ飬ڶǻɱܻ֡
ʵ²ìܣϢϢء
Ϊ֣¶ҲѰ䡣
ףʲôãַܺ棬ϵҲ֪ӦþǴˣϾڵ֮ңҰĲܶû˽⡣
Žÿɼһ㡣
ѵֱӳΪeַ֮⡣
ԲûУô򵥣Ͳô֮ܵˣֱ鲻Ǹֱӣ
ֻߣһԿף
һ
ַ̽Ѱ˼Ŀֱ׼顣
ҪҵףҲһҵ飻ֻҪҵ飬һҵñӡ
ȥأ
˼䣬ٿغˮˡˡһһĴ֮һεĸоʶȴʮǿҡ
ַ֮
Լ֮ӵڷΣһǡ
Σ
ǰЩͬ
һεĶʱַĿ࣬ԼķҲ֮λڱeڡ
ʵϣ֮ӹᴩƬ½
ϡeӶУ֮ǰڱeԼо⣬Ϊʱ̫̣̫СĲȴܸоͬĵط

ķǳűeλõġַ尵ݡ
Ψһһ򣬶ɢп
˵ֻͱeйأ
ôô
ûСֱַӷ֮Ϊ֮أȻeӶнӣǽ֮رУûֻͱeء
أҲ˵ͱeӵ֮кܴϵ
eʲôô
顣ַкĴ𰸣Ϊĳ֣ŻСʹý֮زǿңŻָ򱱞eӵ֮ӣeӵ

вǣԼƲӽġ
Ҳ˵ڱضйأпǡԴͷַһԼûĻΪ
ϡeӣһ飬ָָԵ
eӵ飬ָȻǱeڣ
Ǳߣַ漴ʼж
ĲպʧɲǼĸӦȷλãĲߵ֮ӣҪܶࡣ
ͳķ򣬵ûϵ
ΪֻһΣѾǵΣֵܿĴΣΡ
ֻҪ沨ķ򣬱ҵ飡
ܺãַϲ
֮ǰϹӹӣȷķ
ķڽ֮صַ¶ȥϵĺӹʵҲڲ涼Ǽ׵¡
׺ƿ߶εĺӹַ֡ѡ
Ȳεĺӹ֣Ǳeʮǿ֮ϣҲķݣȻҪΪe֮ʵһȻĻ
ѹƼҪĵؿַͷ
ʵģᱻû
ǱģҲͨĵؿʵƩԼƩ
ԽԽˡַ彥֪ǿңԴͷǺܽӽʱӵĽΪпײ
һεĲ
Ǳߣַٶȼ죬ǿҵĲܸоȻޱȣַ廮һӰβ͵ĳֱӽµĺӹصĳɣǰˮɺ鲼
޾ɺΧģһɺɵˮ»ʹ
ֺӹֽ
飿ַһ



1603 ɺʹ
໣𣡡ͷӹֱų˹
ӹǿҵų⣬ַԼǞe壬ӹֻҪضᷢ𹥻
׺ƿ߶Σ
֮ǰĻֻż¸ɺʹʵܴ⣬˭Ҳ֪ɺʹЩʲôĹ
սپֱַ֡
ܫ⣬쵶̲ǿͷӹشһɲַӰ˿£ֱ˺ɱ
񣬽׺ƿ߶εĴȻевҲֻ鷳ѡ
ϾͬĶʵҲкܴࡣ
̤ϵ磬ַڱȡǿ߾ȫδɱ
ӹ֣ˡ
ɱͷɺʹٿֳͷӹ֣һɣʱֺһִ棬һִܣɱַ壬ٲȻȸղͷǿһЩ
һΣַǷ˵㹦
ͷӹֹѣһһϵĬ
սͷӹɱٿɺʹâһĵâַ֣üͷ΢΢һأ룬˳ŷ֮ȥںӹֳǰ뿪
̫࣡
δɺʹʵ֮ǰԼ鷳
ɺʹԼ֮ǰ²ȻͬʲôԼп͸ɺʹͨĺӹֱǿɼ
أ
ЩӦϵɺ
öࡣ
ַ̾
ϵԣɺıӦòԣǣۿȥһƬɺʹϷ˸ɫɺһ޴
꣡
ַһССɺŨĞeʱɢզ಻ѡ
ʵ
ȷʵɺû
ôɺһe塭ַаֻҪ㹻ʵ޵
ֻϧԼǞe塣
ңгĞeҪͻƺƿҲ򵥣ʵԽǿԾҪԽߣ
ɺȻ
߾ôɺɺʹʲôַǺ档
Ȼƺ޹أɺʹһ㲻򵥣ܽһűػջ
ֻĺӹ֮࣬ʵѳС
Լʵɱһֺӹ֣ɱȫܽ룬һ¶ݱӹַ֣ʱ˵һа٣ܶһ⡣
һΣ֡
װ״ʧᡣ
ͨe壬ǲɼߵɺˡַĵֻϧЩɺԼ缦ߡ
ȹ۲һ¡

ַ岢ż
ɺʹΣ
ӹֵʵȻֻһЩܵʶĿǰ߱˴ʵԼǿԶʤӹ֣ǷֲԼ
ĺӹֺܶ࣡
ַ۲ʮ죬ܿ췢һЩɡ
ÿʮ춼һյڡСʱңʱɺʹƽĹ죬ûһͷӹֽ֡
ʱ䣬ӹֽƵûмϹ
ʮ죬Լ䣬нӽͷĺӹֽɺʹ൱ֲ
ѹҲҶԞeϾɱַ尵ͷeġҪǿȻ½սȱڞe֮ȴİ嶼ñߡ
һɺʹѿ˹Ƭ֮ظǺεȵǿ
ַ尵ҡ
Լûƥ֮£ҴɺʹȻΣһԼɡôŹᣬ⿪ɺʹ֮գԼġ
òûɾô
ѵСʱĿյڽ룿ַüͷ΢ݣԴи󵨵뷨ϸΣͬҲܴ
һյڲԼϣǾʮˡ
ߣѡеķַ˼Ƭ̣˾


ַشһͷӹ֣߰ѣɫޱȡ
žԦ漴ӳַһεĳԣӹֱ۾ɫһƬ־壬Ȼ˻˲䡮žһԱ
~~
ξһĤסѪ⡣
ˡַüͷ΢šԼԭһӹūͣ̽Ѱһÿһӹֶ
ʵȴ񱻹ޡ
Сַҡҡͷ촽ĸһΪѣٿַ֮΢ԶһϤϢǳ
ޣҲˣַӰÿȥ
ǵϤӰһɫҲʮСģӴ޼ʵɺȺ˲ɵ۾ҲˣסӣС죬š
ߣϵ磡



1604 һʵԸ
̫ˣϵ۾˸⣬¶˷֮ɫ
ϵɺ֪ãƬɺԴ˵ô󣬵ȴޱҪ
ɺʳѾԵıϵǿտҲ
ֻǸճΪ׺ƿ߶⣡
뱥ͣкܴһξ롣
ֻҪʱ㹻Щɺҵʵһأϵҧź촽֮ϲϣ˳ԽĿܣ
׼ժȡٿϵ罿͵һɫס
תͷټЦЦӣϤЦݵϵĶʱ䵽ȵףƶ׹Ȼ١
ô㣡ϵҧݣʱַ˵ô롣
һɲǣˡūĳ֣ǽ貵ĲϵйƤ㣬
֪ӵó׷
Ϊʲôңַ岻Ц
ԼҲû뵽͇ûִһԼС㡣ʱ¾ô
ôϵɫɷ죬żֲӵַ塣
ңôַ
ϵ֬ĽʱҰףɪɪȻǵúƷĶľ֣ĵܷΪµıe֮¡
ٱƷץлô
Ʒʵ׻Ȼòץ
ⲻƽϵǿַ塣
ַ嵭ȻĹƽֻгܿܣ־ܣһһΣŹһξ͹ˣַ岻ϧٷŵڶΡ
ϵɫһĲҰףһģ˱ֱַ塣
֪ӮùƷ塣
ʵûҪôģΪҵ¶㲻̫˺ṩĿռ䡣ַ
ϵ촽һԲ
ַΪe֮ҲֻƼʵ׺ƿ߶⣬ңĸǿ
Ϊƿߣ
Խ
ϵЦһһ˿ﲻм
ַݸҲ⡣
˭һ춴˴ʴʣ᲻ţϵ̫ҲûҪôַ࣬嵭Żţʼɡ
԰գַ屾ǳ֡
ʱ䣬һԼ׳ֱȡϵ磬ߵɴŵַ壬𺧶ȣֵ̿㣬㲻Ǟe壡
ַô
㣡ϵǺӣݺݵĶַ壬ֱ
ַĪ
ϵһţứ£ϳһƬţ޿ı۾ʱһ׹ַ֣֮΢΢һЦͷ
ϵ磬ˡ
Լϣϡ
ԼʳԶʡ
ˡϥأϵͫûǣΪūͣ޷꽫ӡ
šַƳϵһۣ֪뷨
һбĞe壬Ϊe֮׳Լļ壬׳󱱞eӣñeӲeһ
д־
һʵԸַ
ʲô
ϵһ̧ͷϵˡ
ȴ
ֱַϵ磬һΪe֮һգ֪յľȷġ
԰գַ岻ٶԡ
˵ٶֱ࣬ȥ
ϵǸˣЩ£ס
ַԼΪe֮ԼڞeӣƬ½ЩҪȥЩλҪȥ
ҪжǿʵҳϿɿء
ϵ磬һѵѡ

֮أ
Ƴ
ǡ
ǺһЦʵҺܺ棬Ϊʲôң
ȡ裬Ҫõ鿿һѡ΢Դͷϵķĵλ
ôǰ
һƬб鼰֮أǺӹ֣֮
Դб
Ų㣬ӹ̫࣬Ҵȥ˵ʱһ룬˭ҵ˭ġ
ЦҺռˡ
β΢΢Ȼҵ飬ҲһܳΪe֮
ʼ磺룬ʴһ㡣
ﲢϣǵ֮ǰŵô
ͷȻʽˣ֮ģԵѭ
ɫһȻͷãߣ
ৣ
ǿʱû޾֮Сڱַ֮󣬴ȻҪסȻƾԸ𣬸ԳΪe֮




1605 յ
ַߣϵ磬Ǻޱ
߰ħػϵ磬ѸٵɺĞeϵʵǸտʼգ졣
ַ嵹ĺҪϵһһ֡
δɺʹȻû̫õİ취
Ҫ޷ūۺӹ֣ȻͿǽһ̽ˡַ岢δɺʹһܣֱָeӵ֮ӣǹؼ
Լ룬Σն̫ߡ
Ϊѡ
ֵȴʮգһģһÿʮ춼һյڣСʱкӹֶ·ʧƵģȫӰ
أ
ôϵ磿ַ˫
ֵһϵ
ô˵ַ
ϵǽ֮أֻҪϡеıﶨȻɭϣѻãʶԽǿΣգصԽ󡣡
ַͷҺܺ棬Ϊʲôÿʮ춼Сʱ
ϵĳֻĳǿߵĽɣǺӹһĴͳȵȣ̫ˡ
Ҳ˵Լһ̽ȻԶ޷ַ֪
ϵӧ֪ϵԸ롣
ַҡҡͷʵǿ
ĿɺʹȻ֪кܴΣգԼȻ޼աȻԼû·
޷Ϊe֮ͬ·һ
Բѡ񳼷
ˡϵַ壬Ĵ䱻·ӵӡǣͬ˼룬ʶ
ǿ߶Դūģϵһǵڻңȥƽ
Ҿ徵ĻС
ˣ
ϵ򴽣ﲹһĨۺ죬漴ֱ̽ǰȡһŵõ֮ɫмһ΢΢͹ķɫʯ
㣬ˡϵ˫ֵ
ޣַӹ
ȣϷķɫʯ̲ŶضϤ
ռ
ռ䱦ַϵ磬һʱ֮ǰϵｻսʱʹκδüʩչѱܻ
ϵţΪҿձʯ˲ռ䷢ʯ̲ŴռֻʩչһΡ
ޣַ֮ϸ۲
ϵֻڴ˴λãɺʹΣգҿձʯΣաΣԻһЩǿıδӵó죬õķ˽һ
˴ɷģʵ٣ҿձʯȫԱ
ַϵ΢΢һЦ
ͲȥˣҿձʯҾͲˡַŵζȵıʯȽһů
ýħϵַ׼һ̽
һյڣʱ䣬պʱϤһҿձʯʹãһƬδ֪Ľ֮أֶκҪ
УҲܷӲֹЧַ΢΢һ
ʱ䣬ڣΡ
۷춴˻֮⣬֮ͬǾǶߵԻۣ׻λ
ͽϴ󣬼ϺӹӦʶսܶʱӹֿĶۡ
˼άȥ⣬ʩչӹֵսҲ°빦֮ǰδôʹãΪûҪ
ûʲôӹ֣ܵסԼĹ
ȺսΧ˵ĻҪԾͻ͹Զ
ĵȴ
ܿ죬ʱȥ
ɺʹ⣬ԭĺӹַ·˲ʧϿһΰ㣬貾ӨĻʹſտҲκκӹֳ֡
ڣַ廯һ⣬ֱǰ
ÿʮ춼Сʱյڣһһ붼ܹؼַ˫צ⣬һ˫Ӿžâս⾡֡
ᣬݴ
ɻᣡַԼɵĻᣬԼû´Ļôڽɺʹûκκӹֵġ
Լ´Լɲǡ
ս˲䣡
ַ嵶ݺᣬֱɺʹţ鷦ƮƮ޻֮ϣɺʹĹʱû
ž
ַ崩͸롣
ৣַģ˲
ӿսͷžԷΪԼ֪һ룬ɺʹеȴԼĻʲôֻ仯
ǿϢַԴ˲һ¡
ʱŤһâǰһԶصķУ·գ£꣬ɲǣǰѹһƬ
ַ֮һ𣬽̤ʵء
޾ǿӿش˷ӿַ˲ϢĿɨͫ׶ʱŴ
ǣ



1606 ͻƿ
ׯϵĻʹһ׹⡣
ڰ׹ҫ£һͷͷӹ˶㾲ֹһ̣ЩԴЩЩ˵Ż̬ģǹ졣
ãַɫȻһ䡣
˲ʱоǿİԵƵʴϵԼԭأһ֮ɽϿѹ£ѹӡ

ַһĿ⡣
ΪԼһԼӴѹ壬ôԼͻЩӹһĪֹ״̬Сʱá
˭Ҳ֪֮ᷢʲô
žžϣ
񱻼ѹĲӣһַɫԽԽأȻ˫ǦһһҲ޷ǰ
ɾֹ̫ǿ
УַҧĿֱ죬ھֹǿѹ£ƱΣţѱѹ塣
ߣ
ַûκԥ
ٲߣ֮Ҳ߲ˣǸս룬λɺűϣþȫˣֹ̤ܿĸǡ
أ
ַأɫһƬҰס
߰˲ʱ֣ػ£ַܿ쿪ʼָԺȻдŸղŷһĻ¡
Ϊֹʵ̫ǿ
ҵ꣬Ҳ˲ַĸо
ɺʹѹƣȫġ
΢һַףֻѹƣȫֹЩӹ֮Էһ㣬ʮ֮˾ΪҲߡ
ҵ꣬һĺӹǿ
ϸս룬ֹһʼ̶ȵĹ
ԣԼʱӳ
üͷַͼɺʹܣȴֻ貵İ׹⣬һУԼ̽Ѱֻ˵
µԼʵ̽Ѱ
ôԼ̤ؼĵһҲ֪ɺʹһСֵܡ
ȻֻһС֣Ѿܹؼ
ԣɺʹĹؼεӴľַֹ˼

ָѡ
˵ַԴʯ챦Ĵڣ˵ȫ㱻ֹѹƣ뾲ֹܱʶ
ܹؼ
ʧˣֹҲͷųֱ߰ñ𽫷ߡַ˼
ǱҪԼԸðա
Ϊ̫˭Ҳܰٷ֮ٵĿ϶ֹֻһ֮
εַֹֿЩһֱڿ⣬СʱĿյѾȥӹֿʼûϵΪյÿʮ춼֡
Լ볢ԣٵʮǡ
ǣûкõķʮΰٴΣԼȻ޷⾲ֹµʵвĺԶ
һΡַ
ֹֹ׺ƿ߲Σƿ߲Ρ
ж⣬Լɡ
ǿҲⲻˡַףǿ·ȥ취̫ãںµķҲǡ
Ѿӵˡ
ԼںһµķҲֻʱѡ
Ⲣһݵİ취
¡
ȴַַֻҡͷ
ûз
صɺʹ;ַֹĺʤģȻû̫õķַһаڡ
ֻǣδ֡
һδεĳԣһδεʧܣÿһζۻ顣
Ʃ羲ֹĲڻʹÿһͬƩ羲ֹġٶȡǿ̶ȣÿһҲ
ӵһεǱӣַȫץסʱ㡣
Ϊģγһεı߷ȻȻڰ׹ַΧ뿪ԽԶɺʹľԽԶԽࡣ
Ϣһδʧ
һΡ
ţַ˫ͫȫӿľֹ޼϶ѹʱ֣߰Ӳֵַپֹ
ַ͵һ磬ǰУȽɫĴŸ
ڰ׹ľͷ֮
ȣ߰УӿȫǹַϢ󲿷ֵľֹϻ㼯
ַõ顯֮һ
ֹǱʯһʯԽľֹԽࡣ߰ĳ֣ѵɢ
ֻȻǽɫţ׹ľͷ̫Զ
ߣַԺסλãˣԽ߰˲ʱ㽫ĵԦ
䣡
еľֹΪ֮һйȻȫӿַ塣
֮ǰģҪһ
ַٶȣ൱졣
ಣգۼ䣬ѻصڣӰûС
ȫ뿪
ڣͻƿˣַ뿪ɺʹɫЩ԰ѿȴޱ˷ܣԼѾ졣
ʮεʧܣڻ
һΣҪɫšַ򴽣ȭ



1607 ʱʼ
ǿ
ҵĿ귽ٽͺܼˡ
ڰ׹־ͷĹţ̣ҪȴףǾֹĸţԽԽŨɵѹԽ
һֱӽ룬ǧס
ڶΣǧס
ΣĴΡ
УˡַڴɫءմɺʹгߴεǿԼۻ˲پͷһǧ׵λѾǼޡ
ǰѡ
ȷԼ߾ȫܿһǧ׵ľ룬ûðֵֵã
취ɡַ»ָ
¾ƻδü޵ʱעһ

Ŀ꣬зͱļֱӺܶࡣ
ַ֪ԼôߣȻÿʮ죬ÿ죬Ľ֮ǰһǧ׾룬ѾСףİףס
лᣡ
ңһСڡ
ַġ
þֹԣɺʹľƣܣȫȻԼĿǽǵɫš
ȥһжǰ׷ѡ
ʱ
~~ԶһĹâ˸ϤϢͣǴһȦ֮Ӷ΢΢š
ַĿͶȥݸһЦ
ϵʵ
ǻַۣ
ϵ磬Ƿȱǻᣬǻ
츳Ͻѷɫ⡣ʱҲҪ
Լܸ֮ܶǰûеġ
ɱʵӦúͼ޼ˡ
š
ַͷ
ڵϵ˵򲢲Ҫ޲ؼΪǶʱʵ췽Ϊ֮ɺˮ
ϵǿԼаһס
䣬ٿء

Դ·ʲôը
һȻ˳֮ӵˮ𶯣ֱԺֺȴκθ飬ڡ

ʱ޷ȡÿe֮䶨
ʱʼ
ַ֮
ԺкȻһ޴Ļ棬һĹ߰Ȼǹ貣ǹ£һǳɫľ޴ɳ©ɳɳɳ¡
ʱ
飬Ȼǹؼַ尵ݡ
µҲţƽҪȻҪԼòҲû취˳Ȼνûڡ
ߣҲ;ĩ·
ʱڣҪõַһУֱɺʹ
ֱԼɺʹһ
ֻǣʱѲ
ɳ©ַۣȻǾɳ©Լڽռƣʱж̣۲첻׼ȷʱ䣬ͻġ
ϡ
ַ۲һ
ֻмʱ鷳ʹˣʱ仹ܳԣ㹻Լٽüɺʹ
̽ʱûˡ
ֱɡַо
ٸԼʱ䣬Ҳû취С׾룬˵ɫšСûʱǲôࡣ
ʱ򣬾ȥ
㷵أνɫа˳ɰաַϸöһ¡
ֻҪ⣬ɫŻǰ϶
أϵҿձʯ̴ַ㣬ĹȻڽɫ֮ڣԼõ֣Ȼҿձʯ뿪
ᣬֻΨһһΡ
ΪҿձʯֻʹһΡ
ȻõĴ㣬ʵȴ̫ı
ӵǿԼû´СʱĿյʮ֮˾źйأɢǿô׵õ
ٶҲûá
ǸǻһԱ֪

ʮַȫ׼
Ժģε·ߣ飬յڵ˲䣬ַܳͫɢžţƹ쳣
ΣһҪɹ

սɺʹַ㱬ȫ
֪սǿʼ
žַֹҧأһ·ҪܷսɫűȡڴˡȻܽһͣΪֹǡǿǿ
ԽӽɫţԽˡ
һֱͣӽɫţԲ
ٶȺ͵֮䣬Ҫһƽ⡣
ৣַܿ١
Ϊټȫ٣ֹǵϮʱӦԡһһͣһһַٶȵͬʱ߰˲䱬ֹ
~
ַѹȻһᣬάٶȵͬʱԵС
ϢӦ鲼ʹÿһַֹĶѣÿһζͬȡڱֹĺӹλú
ȻߵֹСܶࡣ
ǧ׾뷶Χ



1608 
ಣ
ַоѹС˲һٶȱ
߰ľֹӦ
գۼ䣬ַ׾롣
ȫԸ
ַԣȻεıȴȻڣҧ̾룬ʩչкͷַ̤׷Χ
֮ǰĿꡣ
ʱĵ߰˰ˣֹ൱ǿ
ҪٻȥѲ֧š
ûء
ףַ־ʮּᶨ
Ŀֻ꣬ǰĽɫš

ʮס
ʮס
ʮף
ףÿʮ׶Ǿ޴顣
ΪֹڽɫţԽֹԽǿҡַʹ߾ȫֵҡҡ׹
Ȼͦ
Ҫǣͷַ嶼ûз
ǿžֹǿѹַһӽɫţֱ͹ƤµѪܶǿɼַٿرһǿѪ֧סɢֹ
̤
ַɫš
вд棬ƫܵ˵ɶоųɡַ⻮ǰɫâ١
ɫ֮ʲô
ô
𰸣Ƿ
һȫѹȸղŵĸǿַɫ䣬һεȫѹ֮ǰĸ죬ǿ
뿪
вʣַ֪ԼѾǼޣãԼΪˡĿѸɨƬµĵ򣬺֮ǰֻͬһЩСС
󣬶ֵĹâǰ׹⣬һְ͸Ĺâ
һߵǿϮַһ׼ʹҿձʯ
ٿء
ԣַһ֮
ӿǿ֮ǰȫͬȻܸͬߣߵԼ޷ֿȻͬ
ңεϤ
ռַʱȻ
һ̣ʶı仯ַ屾ʱ֣ľİʧܱʵβ޲
ҪǣѪǿ
ǿ
֮¾ѵѪǿ
һֶַʶ飬һƬţɫһγ֣ʱ֡
~~~~
ɫУаٵſռ·á
ȻûַһЦ
ɫбǿռѪʶԿռޱϣҲһΡȻͷűᱩ¶ݣԼ˲ôࡣ
Ҫ
ңe֮Ƽδػ֡
ಣ
ͷųַ㲻ԥ
ɫհռַ֣ٶȫȻ쐻ͷſ̽ѰΧһУı仯λõȷ
κ
Ҫ졣
ΪĿռǿ;ֹһʱǿԼɫеգм޵ġ
ʱ
Լ޾Ŀռ˲䱻Ӵռһ·ӹ޷ƶĺӹ֡񡯣Լһ
ʱ䣬ԽԽ٣
ɫеգַͣʱˮΰһε
죡ַļ٣ԽԽҪ־侲
Ƭ򣬺ܴ
ַ
۸ӦԶϱ𡣵쐻ޣǿȱȰֹ߳һ̨ף˿֮ӦѸҵһ֮
ǿߣ
ΪռͷԽǿζԴͷڣ
~~ַ弫ޱ
ǰ͸ɫĹâǰ㻮ɢȥûһ貵Ľɫ¶ǰȸղǵâʢҲ
ǿҵȻȫѪҺڷڡ
ַоڵϸǿҵӾ޴ɫдһ˿һ˿ԽԽǿ
·ʲôڱ˶
ǿַ˫ɫеתѴޣ񱩵Ŀռѹ£ɫŽ֮ң
䣡
߿ַȣȫȫȻ޶ȵͷš
֮ǰһֱźɫڵֵʡµڴ˿ȻƣѪ淨ǿӲǺһ·
ַҧأͫ˷֮ɫ
ͣ
Ӱʧַ޴ɫš
ԡǿ֮Уһ֪Լ뵽ɺʹǿҵǾƭ˵ģĸӦǱĺ

~~ǰȻѹƵ˲ɢַ֮һɣȫٲҪսû
̤
ʵأַ֮ۡ
ߺʶĻַָĿɨ͵
ǣ



1609 
һʯͷ
׵ۣ͸ġ
һصľʯɢǿƵģÿһεĺ𶯣ۻĿռʱ
ʯر벻ɽ
ĴڣȴһжѷɫռģֻһʯĴڣȴȶ档
һ㵭֣ؾʯ֮⡣
ɾʯĴųһεġץԼԡ

ַüͷ΢΢šһ£ȴǺȫͬؾʯǲԼ֪ȻԼƿء
ͬɢǿһԶԼµʵΡ
һӴַ֪
ֻ
ڱؾʯҲ˵ȴġվܸоĿռ̵Ŀռ⡣
շѹռؾȣС׼סַ岻̾
Ȼû˵ڡ
ַ⡣
Ǳǰ¶Ҫһռ⣬ΣӶΪǿĴڡ
Ϊֻǻ춴ࡣ
սͻƻ춴ʱֻΪռܵѿԽһΡǰս֮ǿѴﵽ׺ƿ߶ε۷塣
֪ʱ乻ַĵ
ϸϸĹ۲Ժеɳ©޾ɳȻɳɳɳ£۲ɳ©µɳӱٶȣܿ˽ۡ
350-380֮䡣ַͷ
Ҳһҡ
ʱ䣬޷⵽׼ȷ㹻
üַһ£԰ռ⣬ģڱ𡭡ö˵ԭĿռʾͱȰǿ̫ࡣ

֮أѨ
һ޴žeǹµΧһİԣӣŸһȵʡ
ĿģĶͷϣһͼƣһĹΣŰ˹
飡
ϲﵥϥأͫһ˿ʣȴǺܿСЩעģ㾡ֻΪѡ
Ͳһ㣡
֣ץ£ţѪ͹¶
Ʒһսǿķһ֮Ӯһ˵ʲôˣܿܣһͿء
ԣΨǳڇ
ⲢԸ޴ѡ
Ϊַ壬֮ǣ޲ýƤǡ
ŬôãΪһ
ৣ
ͫͷϵͼƸ߽٣һǿϢһ˫Ƶ˫ͫŨŨš

αe֮
ûʲô赲Ϊµıe޵С
͵ţںʵٳ߸ͷһһԵĴҧ촽ĽǼʡ
һ츳ǿ֪ʵΪ֮졣
Ϊeԭȵǿ߽ˡ
Ǉһһֻʩչһεĳ츳һѾ㹻ɽćʵһͻƻ춴࣬ԼںϺΪ׺ƿߡ
֮һʳջȫʵ
Ϊӽɫ֮س֮󣬇ʵ뵱յĽಮ١
ڡ
ϣں飬ʵ֮ǿô޷֮Գһԭˡ
ćʵǳ˽׺ƿߣﵽ
ƿ߲Ρ
˵ڵǹȥ۷ʱڵҲǇĶ֡ȻǸƷʵҲ֪õć󣬳Ϊe֮Ѿǰ϶
Ʒχ󣬱ذɡ
õĵȴں
ԣС
Ҿ죬õԵģֱϣȻںϿܾҪʱ䡣
üô
e֮ᣬѶ
ǴԸćʵ㹻ǿ󣬴ο١ҪǣӦƷ壡
ѩޣ
~~Ц¶ŨŨҰģޱȡ
һֱ̡
Ȼһźǿ츳ǿıᱱe֮û̫ôÿһؿ浶ʵǹ˭Ҳ顣
زʵһߵڣü
ٲҪɫٲҪ͵¡
ڵ
αe֮
󱳸˫֣ŷǷ
Ʒ壬ϵ硣
ܳǺãܡ
ɱ顣
˵ûʲôѲѣ˳ߡ




1610 ƿ
ɺʹ
ʱ䣬ȥĺܿ졣
ȵĿռϵıַգͷһǰһͬʱͿԿռʵĲ
ʮ죬Ѹһ˿ռ⣬׺ƿߡ
ȷֻһ˿
ΪĿռ⣬̫ӣ̫¡
ռǿռ߼⡣ַռȿռշѹ߳һΣʶ𾡹ֻһ˿ͻƳΪƿߡ
Ϊռ̫ߡ
ȴΪԭռʾͲôҪȥռ߼⣬ϼѣ˵ʮ죬°ȥһ㶯ûС
ΨǼû·ߡ
ҪʱѾַк
ҵҲһϵˡ
ߣν̫ϣ
ˣֱ˵ԼҲû
飬ô
ԺгǾ޴ɳ©֮⣬һ棬һ貹㡣
Լû´Ǿǹڣ
Ĺ飬ҾǱeַ֮Ŀȷ޷߹飬ɱͬһ˰ˡ
ʱ򣬲Ҫôӡ
ʱ仹磬ٵһ󡣡
δͻƣ뿪
ַ岻Ըô뿪
ͻƣĽס
磬ս뱸ֻʣ¿ռʵȽס
һҪ

һʮ졣
졣
ʮ졣
ʱ䣬ԽԽȡ
ѹҲԽԽ󣬶ڳ˶ԻĽţַ˵ǼٶȲ
ֹǰǱ
ĸٶȣ̫ˡ
~~
ԭռַ֮ȸȫڿռ嫵ķ֮У򲻶ϼԡС
˿̡
~~~
ԭƽؾʯųޱȵãһӾʯһ𣬽ʯ
~~ַ֮һʱ뵽ʯ֮С
溣ʣ·صƬδ֪Ļ磬سһƬ״̬Ϣԭʼ̬һƬδĵء
ǡַȫ𾪡
ʱԼһֶصġĿ⡯۲棬ǳãƹţؿƬϡ
Լһʯͷ
ԭؾʯַ˲ʱס
ʯļԪԴʯľʯ˱仯㹻ôһ˿ǡ
Ϊ䱾ޣġʶǻֻܵ
أʯϣַ屾ʵΪʱͻͽǶԿռĸ򣬸Ƕεĵ
ʵô󣬵δ·ߵĸ죬ȷ
ٲã
ˣʱܵӰ죬Ҳԭ¶Ŀռ⣬ʱļ࣬ڻͨ
ַؾʯȻһЦ
ؾʯ뱾Ĺͨʯ򿪻ǳЧ޴Ȼ˵꣬ʮ꣬мǧ꣬δһܸһ˿ռ⡣
ڣ̤С
¿ͷѡ
̤뵽ǸΣ嫷󣬸°빦̶̲ʮСջ񣬵ʮ꣬ٿԽһΡ
Ӵؾʯĵꡣ
~~һƬǿռؾʯ뱾ŷ˿˿ƵĿռӾʯֱڡ
𣡣
˷ܵ쳹ء
оʵȽ׵εսʣ̼ԽʽΪƿߡ
ңֱӿԽͨײΡ
ƿߣ
e֮ĪַȽޱš
оԵʵټɵκζ֡
ϴٶķԼҲʮĽܻ

ʱ򣬸뿪ˡ
ںʮ꣬µʵַ׼뿪
ҪЩʱ䣬Էһ߰ټҲѾΪĿռʵƽӹ
һ㣬ȴǸպ෴
̫ɫ̫
ؾʯϱĿռ츳
᲻ݴñַã
Աڵʵ뿪һѡ
ܿ죬ͻʵ
ˡ
ȥһ飬ȴ˴αe֮֮
ַȻһЦ
δҿձʯΪûҪİʵ֮ǰʵܽ룬Ҫ뿪кѣ
ҿձʯϾʡʡ
ַ̤ɫƽȻ漴뿪



1611 
~~~
ɺ⣬һȻӰȻ֡

ʵȷ١ַɫףһ˫ͫ˵һСʵΪƿ֮սס
ƿߣûż
Ϊ۷塢޵Լ֮ĸΡ
ַ£ӽ
ӽ߾ȫɺ׾ٵĴأб仯ɼһ㡣ʵʮĵ
ԴԸƱػÇַԸ
һŮۣΪĿĲֶΣ֪ʵԼӲӲһԸԼ򵥵һֱχ
֮ǰԼȷЩɵ
ڡ
һҲûйϵַԺиֳɳ©棬ǽӽβ뻹ʮʣࡣԼ˵ʮ´ࡣ

ַܿλãֱǰ
õֻe壬ǇǴ

ಣ
ַٶȼ죬ڽ֮ء
ܺӹڶ࣬ԽʵԽǿ޷赲µַ壬һ·նּƷe֮⣬ںϹȫµʵΣǿȶս

ˡַӦУλɳ©֮ϵ貹㣬ߡǰһƬ£ͺһݣʱɼкӹֳû
Ǻɺʹһؾ֮ء
ַϸ۲죬ЩдСͬгֵĺӹʵҲͬݵʵǿĺӹ֣ǴУʵĺӹ֣СС
飬֮ءַӦ
߰棬š
ַųħ߰б޻
һԼ֮أԷȴ鷳ˣ߰ͽʵײҲһ䣬˵סԷˡ
ڽ֮ضӵߣַȫȻ塣
һˣӡ
Ӧöܽ뵽ߣַֻĺӹ֣֪ؾѵΣڡ
һУԳǧӹֵΧҪΧҵȷ·Ѷ൱ĸߡӹûиߵȵǻۣ֪ʲô֪Ѷˡ
ǵĹһһɱĺ
һ룬ı൱޴
Լûѡ
ܽ飬Ȼܽ롣ַоʱɳ۶սȫʱһںӹŭֱ

˫צβϬûһͷӹַܿ벽һ·ݿֱַ࣬ҵУС
弲תˣַ屣ͷԾѣ㡣
䣡
ҲкӹֹûаֿԴ⡣
㹻ǿַβֱӻػ辳ĵ⾳ֱӺɱһͷ׺ƿߵĺӹ֡
˫צѸͷӹֱ䡣
ַ壬Ͷ䶼ɱ
ӹ֣κβ
ৣַ֮תٶҲ仺
ǰâ֣ȴ֮ǰûһУССǲͬÿһ֮жкӹֳ룬ﲻ
ͬǡ
ЩӹּԼÿһͷǱŭ쳣ŭķ𹥻
䣡䣡䣡
ַնٶȿһ·սѡһн롣ɺʹ֮Уַ֪ӹɱ֮ġ
Ϊ˷ֵá
ڼӵǰԼ޶ȵıʵ
ৣৣ~
ַ岻ͣĽУһԹѱ棬ÿһѡУȻΣͬ󣬵Լһ·
ȷ·
гģʵǿĺӹ֡
ԽӹֵʵԽǿӹǶʵǿô֤ȷķ򣬷֮󡣡
˼ж
ַ岻ͣԡ
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㣬̽Թ˵ǰ϶
ֻʱ⡣
ԼܸоϢˡֱַ壬Լӽ飬ϢסģܸоĲǴ
Ǉ󣿡
ַѸٻɱһͷӹ֡
ĿɨУһųֻʣΨһǸУûκκӹֵĳ֡
ַһ
ԥ̤УǿĽɱ֮Ϯת󣬵ַƽһ̶ˮ
ϢӦԽԽ
ǿ󣬾ߣתٶȽĳȡַ˫ȭסȻսɢȴԼģʲô¡
һս
յľս
~~ǰâַս㡣
䣡



1612 e֮ҵ
˲䣬һâ˲ո¶ɡ
ַ׼˲ʱж˫צ˺ҧӲһͬʱѸٷַʮġ
ÿҲ֪Ǵַʵ
һԼӮǿ
һβͬˡ
ȡ
꣡ϣ󷢶жȥ˲䣬ַĹǽ٣ǿĹٶȣϷ춴ʧĴ

ҺУش
ʱһµĹץסԼĿ϶͵Ϯ൱֮ߡַ˵ǵϢ̫
񣬼һ㡣
㣬һк飬սǱe֮ᡣ

ػ
ַ˲ʱͷųһ۷춴ػ֮ǰΪ˽ɺʹںϵһϵ۷춴
ǿ춴Ҳࡣ
~~Ĺν죬Ϭֱײַķƣн¶ţػٱɢâ
ʱṩĵڶжȥ󲿷
۷춴Ĺ˳ɣʣµֱӺҲǵУǇں֮սǿ붥ƿ߲Ρ
ǻ춴ʱַ壬¶⵽ش
£ȴء
ѪǿַȹǿĶ࣬ӽƿεսͽ
أַ嵹ɳȥ
ѪһĨѪƮɢУ仮һЦȻַ֮ǿϣԼһַش
ֱɱ
ಣԇСĽԲַ岻ܡ
͵Ϯ󣬇˳Ʒɳ۶ҲַشĴ˵ԼҪ
ʲôһūͶѡ
ûüֵǸ
e֮ҵģâһ̵ֱҰڴ˿ȻʵıԣٲҪء

αe֮
ɡյġͬ顯飬ɱ¾
һȴſɲɱ⣬ûνѣڱe֮ջ֮ǰ˵ͬ飬ɱ
䣡ֽս
һ츳൱ǿɽܸıѪć츳ӽսսʽȵȣͽû
µć󣬵
ǿ
Ϊ츳ʣں飬ͷϰ׹ȫ׵âʵ
൱֮ǿ
ڇڵַ֮㣬ûκη֮


ǧβޣ̵̲辳磬ӳȴеǿֳһӰغ
ʲôɫһ䡣
˫ָоһ𣬻һ飬ַײ
ͻȻĽ棬˭ҲûռðϷ硣
һ˲䡪
ܫַѸٷΪؿڼȻ˵˵ĲأڳܷΧͳ죬һǰƣַеɡ
ᶨ
䲻ںe֮λãҲ˿衣
ϣЩ㲻Ҫ⡣
䣡ַĹƻڲʵǸ߷壬ɫ䣬ǿʵ٣붥ƿΣвپ롣
ַǿĹսˣľȻ
ôôǿ
ܣ
ôܣں飬˽ҵʵӦñǿĶǣ
ɫһƬ࣬
൱֮ãַ֮ʵԽܡַ֪ʵΪˣƶԼʶe֮λá
ڣһжˡ
ַʵֲ̫
¡ͬĴع󲢲Կȴȫѹ壬ôҸǿ
ԇ˵ǴĿģŵġ
ɵĿǱeкųǿĽһں飡
ᣬô䣡
벻ͨ
ʵǰǰ
ַ壬ȇҪǿ
ǿĶࡣ
ܫնַ˫ȫʵı֮𵴣ܴćٵֵסѪ£ˣ̱Ѩ֮С
⣬Ȼɢŵâ벻
űe֮飬ķ֮һžӵһܳΪe֮
ֻʵľء
ˣַ֡ڇǰվĿԡ



1613 
˫Ŀ񣬇ʧǣɫһƬҰס
ˣܵ˵ĳס
ȫں飬˽ȫԽ۷ʱڵƼܳΪαe֮
ʵǲпġ
ƷУһͿء
顣ַŇĿ⾼
ҪΪe֮ǱƷֻȫں飬Żᴥαe֮£ڇڡ
ӮˣƷ֡ڵϣַ壬¶һĨЦݡ
šַͷ
ǱҪԼɱ󣬺ôҲԵһ
ڣƷֻҪְҵĶͷϣԵáЦûа¶į֮ɫ
̬һ֮ˡ
ַŇ󣬵ͷ
漴ֱχͷȡ顣
˵ʱʱ죬ŵćٿͷųһȻϢһͷ˫ǵĿɲħſѪڣֱ˺ҧַ塣
ٶȣǳ֮죡
쵽޷ֵȫʼδ
Ϣһ˲䵽ﶥ㣬Ȼ½ַϢȫѹƣǿεӱޱȣü¶ɫĺ⣬һͷĶħ
츳ɣ
һĳǿ츳
οءַ岨Ȼվǣ·֪һ㡣ϵУԼѵ֪ܣ֪һ츳
ȷѰһһֻһɡ
ⲻԼ衣
͇Ӵַ֪ԸͣڰջᣬԲС֡
ʵȻˡ
츳ɣʹõڶΣ

ʲôɫ䣬Ķħ츳ɣͺһҧȫӲʯͷֹδҧʯͷҧ
һޱӴ󾫴꣬ԶԶe塣
㣬㲻Ǟe壡Ȼַ壬оǿ־塣
ַɫȻգۼ䣬ǰڇͷ֮ϣۻĴ˲䱩¶һ籩
ࡣַƽĿ¶ɫ˲ʱɢûćҡҡͷ
̫Ӯˡ
ȻԼһ·
žȡ飬ַ˫յʱڡ
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e飬ǳԽƿ߲ε飬ʶϻۣȻԼϸоκεĞe
Ըںϣ
ֻɲ㡣ַһЦ
鲢û̫һıѰԼѽƷ겻ͬԼӵԴʯ
ǿ걦֮һ
žֱַӽԴʯ֮Уںϡ
Ȼܺķʱһ㣬ν
һ죬ᱻԼȫϣΪһ֡
ϵǩԼΪe֮·ֻʣΨһһ谭һŮۡ
£ش
ߵɫ׵Ĵǰַ帩գԼǳޡ
ַϵ
ԼϧΪʵôϾޡ
ߣһޣҧҪɱɱôϻ
ַƳһۣ֪ѵõ飬Ϊe֮ڲԸңʱ޵ʱһҪǡ
ѡ˶ϡ
ɫһף
ַ忴һЦ
ԴִԸֻҪһ˿ϣͲҲѡɱ
ֱӳңһϵһĴַ㽫㹻ɣҲһЩû£෴ú㡣
Ը⣬ʱǿгҲʲô¡
һ㣡
ҸСʱʱ俼ǡַ۾ָʵΧһתţĞeޱȳ棺ѡߣҲֹ
ҿԸ㣬һڻҡ
ʱʲôԼе
ַ
e֮λᣬβԼںҪȫδ֪ʶ˷ʱ䣬ȴֱӳôԼֱӾܳΪe֮
ﲻԸ⣬ԼҲ˷ʱ䡣
ūͣһ࣬һ١
ңҡӺѪɫַһħƵġޣԼʵԼչһ
ȳڇ¡
ǡַٵ
ٿس̾һģ·ʮ꣬ʺһҰģȡ֮į
ʧˡ
ҲûзĻᡣ
ͬ⡣ҧʺ촽һһ˵



1614 αe
ַ岢е⡣
ǰϷڵһλĞe壬ʵϵЭҰģǿ׷ΪūΪ澡
ΪʧȥͻʧȥһС
~~
һ⸡֣εǣַ壬һһ氵ϵâһţ谵ͫӹһ˿įš
μˡﵥϥء
šַͷ
ж˲Ӧƿء
µԼ£ɲǼƬ¡¡죬·ҵһ㣬ԺкȻ쳹ۻɢ
ϲe
αeţܲ

ȻͬӰ
͸ֶǰ㡣Ϊ׵һİ룬üӣۿ֮⣬ϹŴЦݡ
һͷңƲޱ߷Ұһ㣬ʵУһ˫ĿЦӯӯ
һǸɫ˪͸ǵıɽˣ쵰ӣѩһͷٲĳƮ粻ʳ˼̻
Ƕeߴ
ϞeeԺͻʶˡe΢Цܵeͳ챱eӣػҞeһ壬ʲô޷͸ҡ
ʱϞeңeҰ˰Ϟe
˪e촽ˣδǿڡ
ַҲǷӦһãԺλա
eӣeӵʵģ޵ʵҲ½ġ
ǶeϞeeʵԼ֮ϣַŴЦݣ޺Ķeʵɲ⡣
ޣϴޣ޶ʴڡ
ȻОeѪeȷƾʵַʶ뿪飬عѨип
ˣ졣
Լڱe޵Уʵɼe
ԼܳΪαeӣeΣѾǸз˼֮ǰԼ뱱e֮ᣬֻΪĥδߵһ
컯Ūˡ
֮ǰ޷ϵ飬Ҳֱˡַ岻һЦ˵޷ʹԼҲôҪ
ԼԣΪһӡ
ʵǿ
ϲˡﵥϥأص
ļʶַ쳣ѾʲôмĽ֮ɫ޼ʣ޽ԼԼٹ̵ĸı䡣
Уַλġ
֮󣬲
ַ֪㳼ĸԸһֱ׷Ǳe֮λ񡭡㡣Ȼ䣬Ϊ֮һ
պ󣬱eȫȨ
ַҲǿ㣬Ը⣿
ԸΪ˷ǣﾪϲҧź촽ԭΪַ֮󣬽һκڰḶ́ʧȥɣʧȥϣʧȥһС
ȴû뵽õe֮λã
ʵʵڵƿȨ
ַм㣬һֱΪλøһУһУҪɹҪΪeӵ𣬵ʧˡ
һδεʧܣΪ֮
Ѿ
رţȴһȴ

eַһЦҡҡͷ
ѨаȻ뿪ΪĴڣԺӹٲԼ𹥻ԼƬ֮룬ࡣ
Ҳûʲô̫̽Ѱģսƿߣδȫȹʵż
ڱɺʹеŸոտʼ
֮Ğe֮⣬ʵܿ콫һΡַ⣬Ǳ𳬳һء
֮ǰģܿͻֲ
뿪ˡַһ

e
μe֮ˢˢĵϥأһڞeڴＰϵͳ£
Уeʮǿڡ
ʵϣ˴αe֮ȥܶ೬ǿߣ˵Ǽͽǿߵeʧ޴
ʧеá
eӴӲȱǿߣֻҪ㹻ʵĞe֮⣬eӵǿ߽ĳ֡Ҫǣַ岢ɲţe֮ô£ǱߵĞeǸǿλ
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ֱ˦ƹַԲνϺķ̫
׷ġ
ֻҪ㹻ʵȨֿɵá
ǷȻرe﹧
ַҡͷҪȥ
߹
ԼΪž뵽eλ֮
ɡ



1615 ô
e򣬱ڤΡ
ǹѺطĵط֮ǰɱeƼϽﷴ֮Ƽشe򼸺УڤҲС
μͳ죡һ乧
źɫףһɫƬ఺׶ӦһȻɫ֮ӣǵ߹Ļͳ죬֮תͶ
Ϊڤδͳ죬ƿһʵȨ
Ǹղʲôٿͣ½Ų
ң㣬һԴ΢΢֣ͳ죬αeǳ䶨֪Ǽ٣
䳰һĿйأ
ȴҵ࣬Ц棬档
ǱݣֲǴαe˭ǵ¡һߣѵ
ǣͳ졣Ӧ
üͷԾšһ£˵ƭ˵ģҲЩǣνһһ˭֪αeʲôݣƢ
ǴȻãǴأ
ֻҪҿЧαe¶ģӦûʲô⡣аȫ̴㣺e֮ǿ֮ʣҶܵá
ܴδμӱe֮
ԼжٽԼ֪Լʵ㣬츳Ҳ㣬˲簲ַ֣νƾҰȥѰ
ȵΣô
ţٿء
~~ڤεĴųƿߵĺڰٱ¶һüͷ΢΢һأ̧ͷ̨ϹֵӰ֮һ
һɽ¶Ğe壬Ϳƾ޴أȴ㤺ȻĿֲ
һ˫ĿŲŭƣվڡ
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󵨣ͬʱųصı׺
͵һĺˣɫҰס
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һһ䣬Ǵұ۰
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ַ˫ʱǰӣ䣺Ȼ֪Լǡ
ȥɡ
ž
ץ࣬׽һֻС
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ַǰֵһᡣ
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Ǹ࣡
ܣô
ġֻƴҪ˵ɲǼһܱ㱻ƣַ˫ɷӿĴڣֱӽ顣

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ڤһļžȫ֪ʲô£ſڵͷҲ̧ϲŭ޳αe
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ͬĻҪñe˵ڶôֲֵ
СͷeǿͷдޱϲãлeΣСĶϹᣬѣ
ˡַһ֣ĿȻ
ȥѺ߹η



1616 
ڵΣeˮںĵʯϣ
գһ򣬽ͱٳȥ
ƬڵУһչŮţѩ׵ļɣֻϸ˫ͫȴûй󣬷·ʧȥƵġ
߹
ûԼᱻѺ֮ˣΪֹŹȣڱڤ֮С
Ϊ˱e֮λܡ
йһ֮飬ѱɱˡ
ڡ
ˣʵûж
ΪԶܳȥ
֨ѽ~~žĵһ˵ſĳأɽƶ΢΢һͶȥ
һİӰ룬ȴһĪİġ
˭
ͷšַ
ǣδͳӦ൱Ϥܿ㿪δţĿȻַ塣
e񣡡δͳѵ
e
ףǷe
ַһЦ
ĿɨȻѺ֮У֮飬δ˺
ȳȥˡʶȤ
ַͷ
ܿ죬յֻʣַ
㡪ҧӣЩ֪룬ȴǵһμeһδַİ
ҡַ΢΢һЦ
ԱһϤϢͷŶַָˡ
һȻַ塣
Σ
ϤļԺзڣϢԺγһ棬ܰжʱ¶һĨϲЦݣǡ
ַ壡

ǰǰַΡ
ӵһϲоѩŮע֮᲻ϵԵ֣תתǾףֹ˷ܲѣַҲܿġ
αe֮λ᲻᲻ˣַʵ
ҡͷe֮λ߾֮ʵ۲ŸɣǶʺϡ
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СҾͺܾ㣬֮ɫһʲôõģʱΪȸ׸
֪ΪʲôԽԽ죬׾Խϲھá
ַ΢΢һЦ
ǲ˼ѴĦ
վƼĽǶȣǿƶǸ޴вһɽݶԽǿƼλþԽȵ
e岢ûѪԵϵԽԽǿƼѿʼвҪɱ
֮󣬱˴λ֮
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֮Ժͻˡַ˵Ȩֻ֮ṇֻ̀ʵסˡ
šصͷ
ҪȻĴαץҿɾȲˡַЦŴȤ
ѡ

ȳַ漴ڱeʱס¡
һսαeкܶµȷҪԾڽ֮ƿһӡ
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кܶ£ȥ
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ط˳ǡ
ȥһᱱ
Ȼ뿪ޡ
ַԼһôߡ
ֻһ㣬Ƭȵ½ͳĬġս֮ءΪıͨͣɱ¾սǿߡ
ڱޣǿڶ࣬ʵͨǿߡ
Ĵʵһޡ

ɺʹ
ַ屾ؾʯ䣬һε˿˿˿ƵĿռӿڣĺɫвͣתռǿ
ռ߼⣬ռ
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ַ屾Ͱֻһ˿ѽ׵ƿߣȫ򡭡
ʵ磬νһµز
ԽԽϸԽѡ
ַؾʯϵͨҲֻǲ׺һڣиһСֿռ⣬ʮ˵ãʵȲ
ϣַ̧֣ɫо綯ռŤ
ǰ˫ƿص򣬿ռֲȻı仯ƷһУ˲ȴžĻָԭ״ַҡҡͷֻܷһɲǡ
չãֻʩչ
ĿǰǼˡַҪʱ侲²ǡʱ
Լ뿪ˡ
Ȼأһҡַ뿪ɺʹ



1617 þò
أ뻢治ϡ
ΪǴӻиöʶһֱޣصΪʶ
²ͬˡ
eѱ죬αe˭֪֪ӣȫȨeӵˡ
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ʩѹ̽صߡַνɫͷ֮ϣһɲŭλƣϬҪżһ
ǣˡǬʹȥ
ϵʹôתͷһߣľʹڡ
ˣδľʹ
üͷ塣
ḻ֪Ҫ̲һز˵ģ˫£ʾ
ϵʹǲʱûϢ
ܻҪһЩʱ䣬ˡľʹкܶ¼账ֻûʱӼϵʹ

Ҳ֪æ˵ϵʹǰȥҲδػĴȨeӵ
Ҳ뵣ģǴ飬߹Ȼҵֻ̲¡ľʹ
ͷ߹ҪǱͷţûˡ
ûж˵߹ȻѺѾɱԻǺܵġ֪ǣ߹۹ѺǱͷţܽеġ
߹ַ塮ල£뱱eھǱרʵ
ΪַȥüޣϣԼ뿪֮ǰ߹Ѿ㹻Ա

أ߽紦
ɶ񣡸ƴˣ԰ĺͰΪ׵İֲһˣͬ飬ŭѡ
࣬ûҪӵǵս
סأԹۣ⣿о仰ǲֻܶԼ
߹жصĞeΪѣԵ߾ܰæȭҲͷڹ꣡
ãƺĴָ
ȽһĨЦݣ֮ǰĿ̫ǳˡ
ЦклeҲ
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ѣЦ
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ģػջ
ԶصĞe岻ͣ̽صĵߣһδεǻ̽ͣƣǿǿҪ಻סһ˫ȭ׼ػصϡ
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ڴʱ
䣡
һ׹⻮һѾ޴Ĺ⵶
貵ĹâޱȣȵһУǵâĽ٣ǿ˲ʱʧɲǼ߱ǻָ
ǰȻͬ
ոջڲͣƵĻǿǲe֮ˮ峺ྻһƬƽ̹˳
ʲô
ǿ߽һȫȻ
ô
صĞeأһƿ߼ĳǿȥˣ
ৣ
һӰ֣֮ȻЦݣٲ̤ءĳ־һ磬һ⣬ʱ쵽¡
֮䣬ӦκϢ
þòҡַ΢΢һЦ¶һĨȻЦݡ
ַ壿ַ壡ƺ켰һǿߵɴ۾԰ͰΪ׵˲¶˷֮ɫɿΧ
˵ַĹǣ
ַ壬һ־˰ֲ䣻ַ壬Ǵeӣأסס˲䴫С
ˡ
̫ˣ̫ˣ⼤˵
ַߺ˲ѹϾʵδֲصеѹһȻͷš
ַ壬¶һĨĵЦݡ
ַʶ磬ϵۼһߵڣӵʵĴĵΪˡ
ַ壬Ȼ֪жǿһ
ղһĻĿ
Щ飬ɱģӦŵַ塣
ַ΢ЦͷֲֵܣЩ鷳չˡ
ӦõġŰһЦѡ
ַҲһЦ
԰ѡ
ڲɵʱһЩҪԵһȥȥַ˵
ʲô£һ
ѻһ壬Ա̫ˡַ԰գҲĿɿڴˣӰһŲһȥ
һڵɴ۾Ȼˡ
ַһˣȥأ
ûɣ



1618 𻢺
ء
ˣˣ⣬Ǭʹײײ
ںһڞe˵Ļüͷһ壬¶֮ɫë׵סϵĻƽͷȵŻţɺͳ
棬ɱˣˣǬʹĿ¶ɫ
ɱˣ
һڞeɫ䣬ʱҳһࡣ
ͫ׷Ŵм𾪺;ĸӵҽǻأܰΧûʲôҵȽϾ
ԺжʱأΨһһǳƺģ
صʵ΢ԺԲơ
ǣһ࣡Ǭʹŵ
һࣿ
ԭ޴ڞeһ㶣Цǰ󷭣
ǬʹһʲôôСֵġ
ǣʲôڞeӾҲκǲã١
ֻһЦɡ
ҲԭȻ֮ɫɿ¿¶ȻЦݣһΪʲô˵ģһѡ
ǵģ࡭Ǭʹ¶ֻţ˵
ٿأһҡΣһȻϢ˲ʱѹɽ֮Ӵضҡһڞe循ѡ

ѿһɫӰ粽롣
ƽɫȻ˫ͫȴָĪʡ
ַ壡
䱾ʵ䲻ҲѴ׺ƿ߶Σǿߡأָҷ
뿪ǰ³ɺ˽һ
ৣ
ɴͫ¶ŭɶ
û֮һѹţȥεˣȣץס࣡
һڞe͵һ飬һӵϡ
ռƣĻַοлڣǹƣڣΨսǬʹŵ촽ףŲĵĶһߣϺˡ
ǬʹʲôǬʹ󣬱ŭѡ
󣬴ˡǬʹعɫ׽ӡ
ڴʱ
߳߳߳߳
ʮ⼸ͬʱ֣޴ʮڿֹ֣̣ͣɲǡռ˲ֹͣ쳣
ֻһɲǡ
䣡
ҵը𣬵ضҡŞeĲҽѪĽɣǵִսĺɫӰɢһɿɲϢĿڞeİΧ
ĵ̫졣
ֻ⣬
ջҫĞe壬Ȼʬ޴棬ɢûһe忿Ϊδѱɱ
顣
ȫ֮ϣѹʵΡ
⣡⣡˫ĿԲɣȫȻǰʵֲ̫δ赭д±㽫һȫɱ
ɱ
ɱ
Ъ˹ﱩ¶
ʣ²һĞe壬ҿ벽г˿־廹ǿ־壬Ȼղֻһ˲֮䣬㹻
ַĿ£Щe˲ĥӡ
壡
ڻͷԷɣ˭Ҳȥ
һߣʶַµǬʹĸҶ벽Ŀǿ࣬һ
ֻһˣǿͳƬ
̣
ڵأ֪С˵ģС̸ģ
ѾᡣַŻȻ
᣿
һȻ̧ͷ
ַֻһ٣ٶҪ̲أҰĲϢ
أ
֮һ˲ʱ׹
Ȼ֪ô˿µһ࣬ѱѡûκôҸղֻΪԵ˶ѣ
һҧڵصĻŵͷ­˫һף˫צ׺ݵץַ塣
ȥɣ͵Ϯ


һڻצַ֮ǰѽ޴룬ݺᣬַĹ˵ǿᡣ
ַڵʵ͵Ϯʸ
ʵϣ㻢þȫҲ˵ַͷ
ʵĲ̫࣬
䣡ַ彫ֱӺƬټĴһļžʣĞeǬʹɫףۼ֮ҿ䡣
˭Ҳɷǣ¾
ַĿɨ
ʵҪɱʣe岻ǵָһ˲֮£Ҫ
e֮ӽ𣬻ʽ֮¡ַƽԭ؞e壬Ը˳صļ̣Ը˳ġ

Ȼ£һڞeɴͫ
̣̣̣
𣬻ڞeŴ⣬ϲصҵԸ˳



1619 
ر߽紦
ѹѹһƬǞeǿߣֲһ˵ȽСƺͳ£ڞeͬ飬սԣɢһ԰ܵĲ֮⡣
ԴУûؿһصĶ־
˵Բԣ
ȭڞe塣
ԣ
û
Щӣ
ƺ콿ȵǿصİǺ־²ؼѶޱİǣͷڹһ񲻶߹棡
ֵַѾһ뻢أǽɱȥ
ɱ
ƴˣ
ֵܣģ
һڞeȲֻƺһ£㽫ޣɱ򻢺أڴʱǰٽ紦һˮһӰ漴֣Ǹ뿪õַ塣
ˣ
͞eΪ֮һ
ͺãֵַܡǰһЦҲ̫嶯ˣһôܺضҪȥҲǼսȥ
ǰ֣˶󡣡Ҳ
ƺͷȫˣǡ
ˡַϵ
ĿɨԵĞe壬ַ忪ڵͶϣӵ߹Ϊףʽء
㵵ƺ죬ַλڱɴeȥŲˡ
ƺ컥ۣȻ
ַղίʵ̫𺧣˵һڞeҲǴ۵СۣţϢ̫ͻȻ
ˣ
Ͷˣ
ôܣ
ַΪ׵İֲҲȻסزһ죬أƽձܻ裬֮ǡ
ʲô
صǿԶ֮ϣeӣضһڣôǿȺȻССһͶ
̫˰ɣ
ַ㡭ɱ˻ʵ
һĿǾۼʳʡ
ԡַͷ
Ȼ赭д˼΢飬ڞeһƺ̲סʵǽ׺ƿ߰
׺ƿߣ
ͨƿ֮ϵĲΣʵɲ⣬ڱeоǸһԡ
ַһЦ
ֻǽ׺ƿżΣʵĞeڱeǣͱeʮǿʲôǣ˵ǿˡ
˵һٸǧ
ɾ㻢ˣصĞeҲͶϰɣüͷʳ룬Ȼַʵе𺧣ôҲ벻ͨԵɡ
ԞeƢԣһػͶһأա
οҷڱeǲġ
ȷܡַ˵бeͲͬˡ
e
ڞeʱһ¶ϲ֮ɫ
˵ģֵַܣһյ
ַͷ߹ʹ֮ǰЩᣬѱǰӣܿͻ᷵أҰĲϢǸرҪȥ
Լ뿪ѱġ
츳ʣҪҪһʱ䣬Լһֱﶺ֮ǰһС鷳
ο
г𲻱Ǿӡ
֮ǰġСַһֱС
õַ϶֮ƺܿһڞeǰһ̽ʵڞe役ĵȴţȽڴ
ܿ죬ƺǹ͵ͨ죬ۼ価ϲɫ
ģ
ˣԺȫ֮У
۸ߺѡ
ĿͶַ壬͸мǧﶼǵ
ƺˮͶַ壬оǳݣͻصǿ̸ַ߽֪ġʷһ֮أǧֱȡ׼
һɱ
εȵʵεȵǿ
䣡~
ĻڞeȫըһƬϲãÿe弤ޱȣЩҽУЩӵЩ
ǣѹ̫ã
һֱܻǣôһ죬
ǽ̲أ
лл㣬ֵַܡַ֣˵֪һ߹ģضɹѹء
ңĲ֪ôлźá
ַ΢΢Цˣˣ˵ģѲô
¶һĨЦݣǺЦǰѣ
ѣ
˫ֽգַӶЦ
ǲͬ壬ͬꡣ



1620 ֱ˾
뿪ͰĻһۡ
ַͷôģ
üͷ΢أҲûʲôͻȥϾǞeӵĵ̣ǾУҲǸ롣
򴽣ʼǼ¡
ַڹϵãһֱܺȥᷢʲôû֪һֱҲڷչ½ȻΣأΣоܴٽһȺǿ󡣡
Լֲܱһʱһ
eӣʼǞeĸԴ
ߣeԪޣûпռṩҪΪƿѱȵ졣ַһΣһջ뿪ֲ䷽Ż
ĿͶüͷ΢صˣַģһǽµĲ䣬źһ뿪
棿ʱ
ַ΢Цͷ
ˬʴЦǾͲͬˣߣߣߣ
ĲһЦ˱Ȼ
˵ͱ䣬ûа㲻˼ǽĺܣֵַǳڱ޲˵ߣ˭붯Ƕúúõ
ַȻʧЦ
ԼҲ֪ǣͰıϾֲ䣬㲻ԼҲҪˣǲĴѪ
ȥȿصġ
İɡַİݸЦϿͿҲᱣƽ¡
ţһۣҪôһͳˡ
Ϊǿߣ˻
ǰ˵ǵʵѾﵽ׺ƿ߼ˣ˴˻սܣ˳Ƕᱻ幥ݣʱȺ֮ءоǵǣ̾Ϣ
˳ǣȺͦ
ÿһ½ԣżǿľ塣
׺ƿ߼¡ַһ΢΢һЦԼʵѾﵽ׺ƿ߼£ѳﵽ
ƿż

ʱš
˴αe֮У԰ֲֻǵָһ˲궼ַ˵ȴʮڱeб޴ꡣ
ʵȽףӻ춴׺ƿߡ
սǿƿֲ
½ʱʲôΣգԱʵ㹻Ӧʱڱeӡַ˼ã
ڽ֮أʵ졣
߼⣬ռ
԰츳ʣͱĿռȱɺʹõ֮أԲݴ
ҡ
eϞeeܿڰмҡ
ֽ׶ȥֻ»ģԷһٶһӱȽϺáַ忼ǵĺܶࡣνСʻ괬ԼսδǷ켫Զe֮
ñܡ
½㹻Ӧˡ
ַһЦ
츳ʣʤߴ˷ƵսԼȻڱ֮ϣһΣվֻԳɳ
ܿ죬ͻĺͰһǿַš
սʵô

ˡ
˴˶᲻ãǰֲ˻壬ǳΪѣ޲ɢ֮ϯ뿪ĻҪ뿪
漴ֲַط½
֣Ҫȥĸµ򣿡ʵ
һµؽһ鷳ôַʵ
ģۡϤе鷳ѵľҲפأ൱أֱкõȻܼ汸ľѾ١
ֻҪһפؾܴϰ˷֡
СϸڣҲãܱȺʯԴȵȣһ˵ҪһŷֵĲפ꣬꣬ʮ궼ֹ
ĵЩϧһפغҪһˡ
ˡַͷĿɨһڰֲˣ΢΢һЦǻȥɣȥ
޲һ
ĵǵפѾ¶ˣ
԰ϲ϶Źǵġⵣǵһץһ׾˳ҵǣǰפؽﶼûá
ʵûô鷳
ַ죬ֲԪΧȺϵҲΧȺϵ
һİĻͷصԭȵĵطؽʡܶʱ䣬ܽʡܶô
ϲ䡭ԥ
ַ̧֣˫֪ҹǣûʲôõĵģΪǻعƬϲ佫ʽ
ֱ˾С



1621 һɣȫ
ϲ䡣
ԭֲڵǿ˲䣬ʮмƿ߱ĸǿһѾӽ߼ƿߡ
ȺƵͲ䡣
ڵʱҪɱһֲ練ƣʱϲ̫дֻǲ˵мƿߡǱ൫㡣
ַߣϲ˵ɽ֮ƣֲ׾ٱΧȦ
ԭ˵һţַɱ
һսϲʧ㲻ϴ󣬵ȴһĳ裬һСȺŲӴŪڹ֮С
֮󣬾ϲ䷢˷ѰֲӰȴһ
ΪʱİֲѶe֮С
񡭡
ʲô
ֲˣ
峤ۺ͵վ𣬾ͫâͫ˲ʱ䣬ҧĿֱ죬͵һӡ
ܺã
еӳ֣
峤ۺǵճ裬̹ġ
֮ܣϲΪЦûʲôܣܿ㴫ȥ岿ż׮ϲɨء
ףйŹ֡Ȼһ꣬۾ٻɫüëǵգȧǸ߸͹𣬺峤ۺа˷ơ
峤ۺ֮ӣ
ϲĸмƿߣһ峤ۺһǴͳͣһУ峤ۺʵǿһֻ߼ƿߡ
峤ǹϵӵǱ
ΪǱǿ߿ͽܣмƿߣδǰ;޿
ʲôŹ֣ͳ
峤˫ֲ֣룬ΪλҪ֪ϲŹǣ뻢ڣôɵô
峤ۺͷȷʵвס
ͳԴһᣬΪ֮ǰˡ
۾һףͳ㶼ûô
ԴϣǺЦޡ
峤ۺ˸ߵ£ıƣƻƶˣһйϵ
峤ۺѵ޼ɵгۣȵ뿪ǵɱˡ
͵Щ˸ӿ϶ڰʲôơŶԣƣ
ǿճǼơ۾һףۺȻд˿ܣʼղŰֲд˵ǡ
Ǳ׷ɱأۺ
ԥһҡҡͷס
ۺ㲻ҲҪȻҪ뿪ͣ
ڣͳ
ۺһӣȵ̴ʮ֧飬Χ˻ɱֲ䣡ҧأۺͫһƬѪ죬ѡ
ǣ峤ȥ
̾һ
֪вףһ֤ݣ޸֪ȴʲôҲˡ

ͬʱֲ̤Ƭ
Ϥ
Ѿס޾£عʵ˲䣬ɽˮһٻصϤǻ
еѡ˭Ҳ롣
뿪ȲѣΪ˱ססȺѪ
ջ
Ϊַ塣
ûô֣ȻĻǳҧϲӦѾյ鱨ۺĸһǲǿΧǣ޽ҿԡ
ãʡһַЦ
֪ΣգҲ֪ܿᷢʲôⲻӰκξڵԼҲϲ䣬ὫǷ
eУ͵ĻԼҲ˵һ˲ʲô
Լʵȫѹ
Եš
Դǿ׺ƿ߼µʵڱ½˵ɱˣɱ
һ·ϣʮֽš
ʱңһз紵ݶǱӰǰĺƽʱƳַ壬֪Щʲô
ܿ죬˱ͣ
һĿǾ۽΢죬ǰľ󣬴Ȼ˻ˮ
ǣؼˡ
ص˰ֲԭȲڣһɣȫǡ
Ȼַ壬侶ǰʱȥʲô
ַһЦ֮ǰ˵ôصԭȵĵطؽ

һɴ۾
ΪǻصƬһ֮뵽ַ˼ԭȵĵطٽ䣡
뷨ίʵ̫ΪƬѾ˰
¶Ĳ䣬㻷ٺҲûá
˳һǿ˻ѹ󣬵Ⱥֻһ˻ʡ
֣ϲ֪ġ
ַһЦˣû֪ô



1622 ɱ
ˣϲ䣡
һַġ׳־Ц
ϲôףʵҲ˵һͨռ⣬ռ˲ôסǡ
õģءַİ򣬿ο
ĿԣȻŽɡ
ȻַЦЦתͷԶ͵͵ģʡϲ䶫ңţǺܿʡ鷳
ͷ亹
鲻ϲ鷳ϲ鷳
ǿͲ䰡
ƾЩϺзܴùô
ַ壬֪ʵȻ϶eǞeӣ½ʼ£˵ַǿҲֻһ˶ѡ
壬ж
~г۾
Ǹǻǻ㲻
Ȼַ壬Ǿ͸ɴŵףĺأ

صңֲ˺ܿ쿪ʼæµ
һж˵̫Ϥ˾ְԭȺʱԾƵҲ֣Ц
һĻĻַУһЦ
ԼҪģ
ĿͶԶַڵȴţ֪ϲЩʲô쵽˰ɡ
Уٿ΢΢һַ¶Цݡ
ˣ
ӴϢء
ԶպѹѹһƬƬն֣գ˶ǿ߲⿴ַ֪˵Ԥ֮С
뽫ϲһ򾡡
ϲ䣬ֺγǣ
~~~󲻶ӽԽԽİֲǿǿǳصѹȸһԺ
壡
½ƿߣ
ǵĳ֣߽٣ƿһУɱһС
ô죿ôɶ񣡡һֲǿ¶ţ˵׼侳ʱоȻͬ
ǳڵıѹȣԴԱĵĿ־塣
һ֮Ҳǣɫ԰׵ַ壬翴ݡ
䣡
¡~~¡¡~~
Ƭ𣬺ѹѹһƬǿ߸ϵӸ£Űֲˣ˿ûС
ǿЩܿͻ
ǵ㼣̤ССȺ䣬ʳһУ౾ϡ
½ϣûʲôܵס壡
ͷЦȻޱȣСǣĻˡ
ϣ
Щȫ
ȫ
㣡
Ŵͳһȣٿس֣ǿ߸ֲ֮У޴˺ƿռ䣬һǷĮЦ⡣
ɱѪ¾
ڴżһĿֻţÿޱˬ졣
һΣȴʧˡ
߳һ쵽µĹ֣ǿ˺ѣٶ֮ǿ壬գ˲䣬
߳߳߳
ҽУַĵնɱ
ˣ䣬ִַܿͣ
ͳͱһĹַ塣
һ롪
߳
ûκβͬҲûκβ졣ΪϲĴǿ֮һַͣǰж㲻ֱӻɱ
죬ݣ׼
ַĹߡ
ȷʵڵַǰͳͺǿûʲôͬ
Ϊʵ̫
ͳ죡
ô
ͳ죬ͳ챻ɱˣ
һǿˡ
̫죬ǰһͳ컹ָӣһ촦ֲʱȥ룬ַĹܿϯ
һڣ޾ɫ
ֻɳۣÿһѸնɱһǿߡ
аԵϲ䣬ȫмַ֮ǰʲôӤżǷ𹥻ȴ˼½Ƕ
̫ǿ
ɱͿʼַûаͣЪ
̶˲ɱϲǺ˲أҲɵͬһһȥֵܿԼǿ߷׷ѡ롣
ַҲںֻβƳһۡ
һ룬ɨɱЩ翹ϲǿߡ
Щ
ֻǸ
Ҫ㣬ܵȷһС㡣
սܿ㱻ַ塮ɨɾַ岢߰䣬ԼϢӦ׷˳ȥ
Ŀģϲ䣡
ɱ
ϲ䲢ңַ˷ȿֿ߳ʵҪǣ̽ϲλá
ͰֲкĹڣϲһҪ
ַԲһʱըڰֲԱߣҲѰģֻҪȥϲ䣬ֲٰȶʣ¾ͺܼ򵥡
ޣôַټС㣬֪̽ϲڡ



1623 Һް
ʵϲҲôҡ
ϾƬǿȺҲڵģȻ˴·ַҲ˷ѣ롭ԼһѰЧʶˡ
ڡˡַվϲ⣬пǧ
ʱΪϲԶݞeӣԼϲ䣬û㹻ʵֲ䣬Ųòâ
ڣѾҪ
ϲٷǲսʤĶ֣ܼĸ
һǽͨʯǽ
ʱ򣬸Ƶˡ
𣡡ԶѲַ壬ʱŭ˶ž޴ᣬпռ𶯣ʱ˺ҧ
أ̤룡
䣡ַֻһ粽ֻеӰ㽫ǼĿɱ͸ս⣬ȴޱ顣
̤
ַϲ䡣

ϲ䣬峤ҡ
һӰǵգȧǸ߸͹峤ʱüͷ壬ǰ̤һأףͳˡ
ʲô峤ۺ͵վ׳ӰȻɴ۾
ɫףֲ⣡
֮ǰһУ۾ϲ˲أͳҲ촦֤ʵһҲ˲
ļң
ܣ峤ۺҡͷţһС䣬ôôǿʵһܵģ
˫֣ۺ˫ֺ֣ڵ˫üšһټ峤вǻⲽ
ףʵѰǰ·ͬСɣֲܿܰȱǸǿ߹ǿĻһᡭ

߾ҵĿռ𵴣ʹɫʱһ䡣
峤ۺ΢΢Ѫ˿ͫ𺧵Զǿ׺ء
Ϯ
ôеϮ
òǡ峤ۺ뵽ؼɫһƬס
峤ʱƽ򴽵ԷбףǲسǰΪѡ
ۺŭ峤˶ԺĻſԣ
ɸסȰ
ö˵峤ۺлǹһһҾͲˣϲһССȺ
У峤ۺ粽ɫӵ峤粻

ɱ
ϲ⣬ս졣
һ⻹̣ǾͲˣֶֹβڰ㲻Ϻַ壬κηᡣ
ǿǶ壡
ټԪˣϲһֱϽƬȻǱһˣǿǶˡ
ʵǣַѹûϲ飬ǡ
ȫϲ䣡
䣡䣡ַϲһǿ߹ȻһڵϣʬǡЩǿӽĿܶûС
ԽԽã
ɱԽ࣬ӵľԽ١
Ȼȫϲ伸ûܣܻЩ©֮㣬ֻҪЩ㣬ҲЩʣµϺзҲΪ塣
Ŀ꣬峤ۺ
ַϢһס峤ҵۺ
ͬ峤һмƿߣϲֻʣǿмƿߣַԲ
峤峤ȻûӡַһЦ
ۼ峤ڴܳĺӰΧ˷ܵĻϲ峤ۺ
ɱ峤
峤䣡
࣬
峤ۺĵʿһ䣬峤ǶǿĴڣ
ֻҪ峤һͲᵹ¡
ǰͺ̵ˣ峤ۺַ壬֮ǿ־֮߰ǳԽַ壬佫ѹһ

ǿ־߰ͻʤǻȺš
޵Űף
ַսӳĹϣַĵ磬Ҫʩչ޵ֱ̫ףӸܴﵽޡ
Ȼܫ޷ȣʼַ崴ĵһ׵
ͨ
ֻǵһУ㹻
֮ΧһƬŵİɫ˺Ȼɴ۾ģӴ⾳֮Уǿҵݺᣬ˲ʱǺɼ޲Ұס
޻֮
֮ǿһбȫ
аǿΧе峤ۺۼһ׹׹䣬ʹ뷲䣬ǿ˷ѹۺЪ˹ŭצĿЦ
ַѹƵĹУмƿߺͳƿûκ
Ʒ޷ֵȻ󡪡

峤ۺ˻У޾ûڣǲһУԣ¾Ͳ֡
Һް

ۺʬ޴档



1624 ϲ䣬
Ŀ࣡
һǿϾԳԾղ峤ۺȥʱǻϣ峤ϣ峤Ǹɱ
뵽峤ȫһ
ֻһ˲֮䣬ڻҡ
ǰȻ͸󣬵ȴеһ㣬ǿ峤ۺ㱻ɱ
峤ˡ
ɣ
ˣ峤һжû¡
ӣ
ҿ
һֵıԭȻڹǿ߶ʱһɢѾȫʧȥ˶־µĵˣõѡ
ңܶ˵ټ򵥲ÿһͨ˵ΪⱾǵ츳
ռƿ츳
Ŀռ츳尺Ȼ½Ĺ򣬴򲻹ܣȻټǿͬ壬ǿһ
Զ٣ǿ
ʶ峤ۺ֮⣬Ҳδжں
û峤ѡһС
ûûеڶλᡣ
ֻҪܱסз̵Ļᣬбѩ޵
ৣৣৣһǿʩչռ˲ƣ׼뿪ٿȻоռĲһǽͻȻǰ
ǿ
䣡һǿ߷Ӧ죬ܿȥǶǽ
ԸΥ޴ɫʮưǶǽϣޱȣһ룬ণǿδüӦѲ
ռʮֹ㣡
ΨǱʮֹѪеĺɫڣռǿסƬռ䡣
һǿȫˡ
ΪľУôȥԴĵľҹĵ
ǿˣ
ӵϿռ츳ռԷ壡
һÿռ䱦ѹһ츳ֱ
㣡
꣡߳䣡
ַѹĹ£ǿ߸룬δüӦѱɱ
ͣջɱһȺַȥɱһȺǿߡ
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ַ֪Լܷռ䣬ǿʹÿռ⣬г򰡣ûг򣬶ԽӦҪҲѡ
ֿߡ
ˣԼֻ׷ɱһ·
ʮֹѹסռ䲨ѹסֱ뿪
һǿ߲֪кܶ࣬ԼʩչʮֹķѵĿռ൱޴ǸղЭǷĻδػᱻɱ
ڡ
䣡
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ǿ߷Ӧǰ߾ȫɱ¾
ĵУһ֮ǿϲ䣬ַʵĿꡣ
Щʱֺǿߣܻܡ
սʧȥ
岢ȥһ֮ҵܵķȳһɢ
ַҲ׷׷ϣ׷Ҳֻһı䲻˴֡
ңĿѴ
ϲ˹˳ɣʣɻǴˣ棬Ƕʢʱڵϲ䣬ϲĴǿߣĸмƿߡ
£ֻʣһ
ţַüͷһء
ӦУǵǣƵϢٿʧȴ֪ʧġ
ռ䱦ַ˼㲻Ҳ롣ͬǿռ䱦ԼʮֹδռƣԼкɫУԷҲ츳˵ǿߡ
ۿռԼǿ
أַ俪峤ͥȻǰûӰ
ˡ
Ǹмƿߣˡ
ӵͨмƿߡַ˲жϣԿռ䱦ƵıǺеġ
ԣӵЩǿ߸
ַ嵹ûʲôԹҪϲһʣʼղġ
ȻôˣһҲں
ûôˡַ΢΢Ц

~صĴϢٻɫüë꣬ϲ峤
ʱһĽָ⡣
ַµûȷбǺϡĿռַʮֹ
壬ܸԣ
ʵ̫࣬Եÿ˶ǿ߱ģеģǾӢǿ߼ƻ
ʵǿǡ
ɳµǾһΣµĽӣ
ףˡģѸӦۺ֮ɱ˺ɱ֮ˣȴΪ׸
ףһᱨ
ҧгݣü価ǺȻɱ
Ϊһ۾ͱ򵹣Ϊĳľʦ
Ǳ½֮һͽܣ
ʦ
ʦӦôá
Уɱ⺮
нָһ廯һĩʱȥ



1625 ϴϲ
ϲ䣬
ټԪĲ䣬̳Ƭİ½Զȱǿߣһϲ䵹£ܿи
ЩַͲˡ
ֲ佫ߵһͿԼ컯ˣһȺԶڱ֮£ôȺԶһ档
ȼü֮ѽ⣬ֲ佫кܳһΰȵʱ䣬ƽ̹ɡ
澳ǳɳɱʱ
ˡۺ٤
кηַ֣ʵ
۵ϲһһСر⣬СĲر27򣬻춴
Ҵܼ۾Сַ
۵ͷСر⽫бۣԤ76򣻴رбۣԤ257򡣡
ַͷ
ϲ䲻Ͳ䣬൱ԣ
Լȥϲ䣬бۼҲϲһСر⡣
ڵʵͨıعʵѾûãʶֻ轫۶һıɣ½൱ֵһֻҡ
ԼҲͬǿ
ȻмֵĵᣬѪԽǿֵԽߣѪʹ
ӴȫɣҵĿռҲ̫󡣡ַ屾ѽ׺ƿ߼£ռ䲻ǿҲˡ
Ӻƿٽһѡ
ռ츳ǿ壬ҲǱһǿԽ
޷ǿռ츳⡭
ֻ
ַҲ档
츳ԼųԽƿߵĿռѵõǣֻγԽƿߣԼǲ֪
ȥŻһ𰸡ַ˫Ȼ

صֲ䣬ʱһƬ١
һھַؽסһѰ֮µסַͰæĲֺع̫ҪҪ
ַڰֲ䰲ס
һ棬տֲһϲϾϲһмƿߡ
峤ַૡ
۴̽ϢϲƬգĸмƿԲܣԼɱʣһ֮
ͨҲա
峤ۼϲ䱻𣬸ױԼɱѪ飬Ȼ취
ңһݡ
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ﵽԻعԭȴ½Ϊʵ¾ӢҲ಻Ըعģ֮һ
ΪףΪβ
֪ܷöʦַʵͿ֣ͬﵽ׺ƿ߼²Σȼͬ
̤뱱ʱ
񡭡
ʱ򣬸ÿɽˡ
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ڣٻ̣ҲӦó鲻ʱɡַЦЦ
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εĴ¡
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ǣһȫ˴սӮ˳ǵˣˣ½ĸ֡Ϊ½ǿ֮һĿ൱æµš
ֻҪ˻ʰܱôͿͳ壬սֱ˳ǡַֹ֪඼֪
Ѳܡ
£ľֲսѾʼ
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ôʵضǱȽ׺ƿ߸ǿĶƿߡ
ַǺ
վλãλõҰeӴeϞeeһʵȰй֮޲
ǶeΪǿ
Ҫ֪ҲǶƿ߲εǿߣȻֻǳż
ѹסeϞeeʵɼһ㡣
رɽʣǶ½ʣ
ʵȶeǿ
ǹ㡣
ۣ˻׶༪١ַĵҲѹֱ½Ȳķ׼˳ĸ󻼡
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˻츳ԪѼĳţδһߵ
ȻսɽʣôȻһգȻûɽ˳Ǻδѹϣ
ַ峤һ΢صüͷɿ
֮أΨеԼ֪
ܿ⽫ܡ
꣬꣬㵽˻ɽʰ֮Լľս
ַ壬ڴ



1626 ׽
ڰֲ䣬һ糣
·ص˸ս½ǶӣڰֲһһӡĿ̿ʵ
񣬰ֲ仯Ǻܴ
ַԼͬǡ
Ŵӽ֮նe֮⣬ַ֣֮Բ˷ʱ䣬ȥͬǣڵѾǿˣǹ
һ֮ȰֲĴˡ
ڰֲ䣬ַĵλޱȳߣסȫڲ񣬾˴ŵַ壬Ӱ
ϵ磬ַڱeӣһƹܱeӣһר
ַ忴ϵȫĸǿֻǷȱѡ
٤ūͣ㱻ַǲȥ̽ϣϾˣⷽóַ߰
ַ߰ŷмӡ
ģԼ
Ϊū֪˵ʵǱڵȷȫʢʱڣ֪˶ã˾ͻὫȫ泬Խ
ٿء
ৣ
ַͫһƾ
߰ҲһŤͷԶַ˰ġ
Ȼˡַ
101ˣ١߰
ַЦЦ
һϢ֮ǰԼϲӦģѵ峤˴100ǿߡ
ЩɲϲЩͨˡ
100ǿߣʵмƿߣи9߼ƿߣԼ1׺ƿߡ
սޱȱ뺷
˽¡֣߰
ȥɡַͷ
߰׺ƿ߶ʵԸ101˶飬練ơ
һΡ
ÿһսҪΪģǶ̫ʱ򡣾e֮УЩͨǿߣȫˡ

ֲգһӺѹѹ˴ǽӽ
鷳ʦˡм
Сһ׮˵һͷ𷢣΢Դżţʦ˿ڣʦԵʦһѡ
صͷͷʦֻ׽ҪɱǸ࣬游ױѩޣ
˴Ц򵥣һѣδ֧˴ӣ㹻Ӧ
Ŀ⾫ͷ
100ûһߣʵƽ
ҪԸһ࣬һС䣬ǻֵ
쵽ˣʦ֣ȲȻʦûӦʦ飬㹻ʦֵʵ϶Ҫǿ֪ٱ
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˵ࣿ
ǰӦ
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䣡
ڵ㣬׳ħɷ˵ĳֲעȫӲǵֿ
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䣡䣡䣡
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׳ħ߰ʵҪɱһ֧Ա˶ȷʵʲô£ΪūԵΪ˷ǣ߶ħͼɱ¾
Ѫɱ߰ɱĹ񫣬һ˫ͫѪɫ
ŭȭɱûһܵס߰һȭ˫ֱصס߰ȻǿߣǷء
ô£𷢶ħʦֱ
ȫû뵽ԼͳĶһ˲Ǳ̣ұļ졣
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ɶ񣡡𷢶ħʦǳȥ
˲䡪
߰ϢȻǿӵƵȫѹ߰ˣһСΪıȫ֧˶顣
ʲôϢǣ𷢶ħʦʵͨ۽ȴһĸߡ
ǰħͻȻϢ֮ǿ̬ʮ֮࣡
ѣһˡ
ߣ𷢶ħ͵ķӦͷ亹䣬ܡĶ֣þı䲻֡
۶壬Ťת
ǰǶħӾ¶ɣưһȭӳռ𷢶ħ߾ȫֵʵľԲ࣬ѹֱӺɱ
ʦ֣ɴ۾˻
ôҲû뵽ǿʦֻһ±ɱ
̫죡
ǵֲϢ߰˲䴫͵һ飬ʱʦôģʵʦֶԶԶ磬²Ӹʱ
Ͻָʼʩʱ˲ܡ
һɲǡ
~~
ɫâūͬĲ˲ʱǿĿռָĿУһգūֱ𣬺ǺɵЦ
׽



1627 
һΣַӵڶΡ
ʶ˴߰ȷ棬ַԼͳȫ֣˶飬Ŀסʼʩܣ֮¡
ǰռ䱦κá
գϵˡ
ƴɫ˿ȴһһ£ԽԽһ˵á
ַһ̧
˴ĵѣ֮ززַ߰ǿҲ޷ȫһ˴Ȼ©ʮˡ
Ҳν
ַ˵ҪȫһҲû취ֻǺķһѣûʲôãЩӲ߸ν
ȫ˴ӣҲϢ
֪ܵϢ
ߡ
Լ¿֪
ԼԼҲ
뿪eӺַĿѲڱϣǡ½
һضˣζϸǿʡ

ϲ䣬ʽ
ɥʧܻǵϲˣѾƲ˻ΣķıޣҪǵĲ䣬档
ˣ֮䡭ͬɱ¾
ҲɱһڱɱĲǞe壬Ҳ࣬ǡǡԼ
ЩĬġ
ԭޱһ鱻Ĵ½һ֮أǿ¯
Ϣȥûôַ档
аһסĵ֮䲢ŽᣬϲڲķѣŽԶ࣬ϲһƬ˻
ַͷ
ԣֲй©ڷȥƬˣϲ֮֡Լֲһ͡ȥֻҪ˵ġ
ֲ֮ǰϲг˸ߵķء
ϸպϲ䱻ʱҲе̫ɡ
͵͵˻ɣ󷽷ԼȳˣеȺҲ²ϲ󳾡
ԲķչǱϤַЦԭͲֲȥ
ܳٺò
һЦ˻ᣬ漴ֿȴǸиæ¸Ⱥ൱֮࣬ͳȫ֣ڲڲ£ȫڰϡ
ַ塭


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½ǿǿ֮һ֮ڱ½׹
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ַǻ׽ѽɱ
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ɽʣ
ޱڴ
ַʱ뿪ֲ䣬ֻ̤˳ǣĻ֮ء


1628 б±ܣ
ٻ˳ǣַûκβ
ֻһˣûиɹ˿أȥ磬˳Ȩһ֦㣬ǿֻ˻һݶӲкԵĶϲ㡣
ȻǿľͲǅˡ
ӵǿ˻ʣΨһһͳǳء˳ǡʵɱȲυ壬һɼǿһҲɼơ
ʵδ֪˻ʣֻΨһһ׺ƿ߶ǿߣ׺ƿͨҲֻ൱Ĳҵ
壬ӵб½׺ƿ߶ǿе
׺ƿͨǿߣоŸ
һ棬ʤ塣
ˡַԶԶ˳Ǵţпǧһ뿪˵궼ȴǸǧ֮á
ԼȻΪ˽񣬸Ϊؾ
ЩµԼ˵ѲҪ
Ϊ˻õһֵϢ˻ɽʵľս
Ǿս֮գźܿͻнַ˫粽ǰ

˳ǵĳŴһӶǿػ䱸š
Ͷͨǿɣͨ׬ȡģ˳ǡԾ˵˳ǾѾһϵҫ
ңǱ½ȫĵط
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źöӡ
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ά򣬿ͭųţǽ˳Ψһķʽ޴˳Ǿһɭϵıݣطķ൱Ͻ
Ⱥַ岨Ľ롣
δһڳֻм飬ֻҪɱ񱩣Ϣý롣
øղе죿ա˵
ǸꣿַıӰü˼ҸղҲоˣ
˼ڤ롣
ٿأɫ䣬һĴȣҼˣͨΪɱͬ鱻ͨɱܻ10ģ
ԶԶԣǸַͨҲǷӦ
Ϊǵıʶ൱ǿģ̫ͨ࣬ϸղ˶ӣһʱۻû̫塣
˻һ飬˫Ŀӣͳ졮󻢡
һۣʱȣʲôߣץסͨųͳ󻢵ȣŴʱ
ԭĳˮֹͣɲǣǵЩ
ߣ󻢱ȣɱ

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Ȼ壬ҪҿԼϾɱַĿԶԶɨһӰٽӽţϢǿҡ
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죬ץסˣ
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һָм䴦Ƕ֣֮ǰʵǴİɡΧҲ´˲Ц
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ַЦЦƺ˵һ仰
ʲô
ַ˵ٿģڵϵ󻢣ɴ۾¶б±ܣ
һ죬˲죬ŭ⣡ˣڡ
ôַһЦ



1629 Ϊǰǿ
ͳ󻢣ַתû֡
δ˳ǣ仯Ҳ̫ڽϣȺżɵµĿ׷ױÿһɷǣ±Ϊͬ
ַ޶ãҵĻ½Ҳ½Ψһǳء
ĿɨȥɫȺУ˵߻ӣ˵һ͵ıݰ˵ݲȫͳƣ˳еȺмʮ֮ࡣ
˳ɵȺ
ʣµɣ˳ܱߵסġַ꣬ϵӴ½˵ǹӲд
û취ʵ̫ǿ
½ռ˵绢Ϊ˵ǺܴʵѾܲ
һ˻սܣᰣȻ
˳Ǳƣֻ¡
ʱཫʧѪ½֮ްȫϢ֮أ
ַ̾һ
ȫʱľ棬ضܲҡ
ҡҡͷδȥٿַһͣ½ŲתͷȥֻһƣӰСкԼһֻŴŲЬһֻţһȳһȳġ
ûκα飬˫۾ȴ͸ž⣬Ǽ͡
Լͣ£СкҲͣ½Ų̧ͷԼ
ʲôַ岻
Ск˫ϷһĨ԰ףǰңΪʦ
ΧȻһƬ
߰ɣСӣȻ͹ˣ
ǣ𱻵ͬɱˣ
˳ǵǶʮ־£ǅ壬˳Ҳ¡ʶַΪ˿ͬɡ
˳ɱˣƣ
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ַ嵭ȻЦôңᱻǣġ
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һַٴͣ
СкȻƶᡣ
߰ɣҲΪͽġַ
Ск̧ͷ¶ޱȵĿ󣺡ǰΪͽɣҲУ㣡
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УԼŸ˳ǣôһ׮
˵ģ
ü΢ַҲǺ棬Ҫ˳ȻƲǺܴ󣬵ҲһܴͨģСкģȻѾ˺ܾá
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ǰңʲôСкַ岻˵һڵأͷ
оǵΧ޲ݸ۴ڽ
ˣˣˣ
СкͷĵĺأĶҿַ壬ֻǲͣĿͷַܾ
Ϊʲôңַ
ΪǰǿСкȵĹâΡ
ǿ
ַ岻ЦЦԼԸδʩչʵ
СкʵѾǿ
֪ں˭ΪУַЦ
֪СкȻǱ
֪ĸôֵַ
Скصͷ壡
㻹Ϊʦַ档
СкҧĿֱ죬˫ɫΣҺ壡

ַ岻ݸһ¡
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ĿһɨΧȺ̸ЦǶСкָָ㣬ʱڽЦǿԼܴ嶼ǣСкȫԼ
ƵСкǵܿǿͲеľǿʯ
һ澳ССͱѺܳĺӡ
ϣܿԼǰӰӡ
ʲôַ֣ʵ
СкһҽСܣǰ
ַ
ȺϿĺء
ϵǣСкͷ­ǿҡͷûϡ
ַ嶢СкȻŹ£˵ԼҲƬַ̣Ҳԣ롭ҿļֵ
ַ΢΢ָԶˣȥսɡ
ΧһƬ֮
ʲôЦ
߰Сһˣأ
ǣǿ֤ûҪһһȥ
Ļϲ⣬ڽ˲٣ҲУСкôʹúܶ˶֮ġ
ಣಣಣ
ƿϵԶѹѹһƬϰٵϢΪ׵ĺȻǸ߼ƿߣڳ˵Ѿ൱ˡ
ͳˣ
ͳ죬ۣ
˧
ۼǼ˷ܺ
ַСкֻҧأ¶һĨǿ˫ȭҲٿ̧ͷӰʮּ͡
ıӰַ忴Լ
ޡ
һƥǡ
δ󣬵Ѿ



1630 ȥ
ͳ죬졣
Ϊ壬Ǹ߼ƿߣֻͳ졣
ץסվڶУʩ
ɫƽ˵ĳǼ̫ࡣ
Уͳһεĳ۶ֱ𵴣ƬԪزǿңΧȺɢпճһƬ꼰㡣
֪УԶַѾǸˡ
и˳ģ·һ
ʱַۣһ԰٣
ַǰһСӰ˫ذףݿֱ졣δΪˣƿߵ֮ǿȻǳв
ͨӣûѹҲ
Ск˫ڴȻεվǰǿ߼۶ֻһ±ܽĻɢûк˰벽
ǿִš
Уûһ˿ԥ
Χ𾪽ֻһĨкٶ֮޷ֵкͫ·𿴵Ľ١
ʵͳȫΡ
ڴʱ

ǴһӰǰߴȴһİȫСǰıӰк΢죬岻֪ʱȶ
ǰСкૡ
ߣַ塣
ҲǰĽ⣬ַһ̧֣ڪzϻ굶ʣɲǼɫƽĵȴΪľޱǿ
εӵ
߳
һ뻡¹֣٣ԽƽԽˣǰ˵ĳ׼סַ뵽ͻһ貹â٣ֱӴϡ
˲䣬ʹġ
ѪʮӰַһб˺ѣǿҵûһС
δΧȺӦַӰһƣĻӵͺƿռ䣬ֻⲻӰһ֩ʣʮȫΧס
ɱ
߳߳߳
ҽûУ̫졣
ʯ䣬õĳͳ⣬Ǳɱ⻹ֵַԵʡַʵԸ練ơ
̫죡
Χһ˵ŴͣȫȻ
ַкСͬסˣ֪ǰʵǿûôǿɢȹâСȭǸᶨ˾ġ
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ΧΧ۵һ˵ȴ۵СۣŸǷӦ
ֻһգ۵ĹսѾ
ûɣ
ղŷʲô
Ժ޲սĻ棬ǲʱ˿Ļܲףղſټ򵥵ս赭дĹȴ͸ʵͲƽ
̫ǿ
ǿͳ죬ø߼ƿǿߣʱҲǵɴ۾ͣڰգ˵Ѩ㶯ҲҶ
ʲô
׺ƿͨ
Ƕ⣡
ͳ촽ףȻַ壬ʱĻаСܸղֻһ˲֮䣬ϢıӡУԶʵǿ
ٸɱȫֿԡ
ǿǰһٸһǧûá
ʵ̫ࡣ
ǰɡַǰؿ٣ȥ壬ñңȻڵǡ
Ȼַ塣
ȥַ嵭Ƴһۡ
һۣͺǹֱ֮ͫУ͵ľѹ亹ֱҲҴǣõģ
ЩлңǷȥ
Ǳַ˵
Χַȫˣ赭дɱΣǿ߼ǺҪǡᡣ
һʱ䣬˽ϣڲ²ַݡ
ַԲ˵ۡ
תкСܵǰ˫峺͸ȴǾǿͫܿܶࡣ
ϲִšַ΢΢һЦ
ľˣ͸߰ɡ
԰գַԽСܣǰȥ
Сһٿ׹۾¶ϲ˷֮ɫת

ַ岢ûͽܵĴ㡣
СǺ͵ģֻ˵
ҲһԵ֡
˳ֵĴߣȥѹȥüСʱƽ˾δκ·ôһȴûʵЩ
ַ֪ûô򵥡
ô룬Ҳ׷ŹԼ㲻սҲǲǿ߹棬ĲŲʡ
ѵϢˣַ˳ҪĿġ
Ҫ֪ĿһսʤΡ
пܣ
ַͷϢ˭˭Ӯ¶˵ͷȴ£Ȼһߡ
˼ţٿԶҲ
𶯣Զɫű仯ַһתͷԶߣ˫ʱһݡ



1631 ȴϢ
ǿߵϢ֡
˵ϢܸͬܵԶǽӣȻδٽ߽̽ѿʼ˹ģ
䲼˲ٹѫʵ嶼½ǿȺ
ı½Ҳһ
ѾȲôַ岻һЦ
еɻʱ壬ȻϢδֻ˵ʤδ֣ȻСС֣̽
Ķĥһ֪
˻ʰܣ嶨ԥĴٽ
˻ʤضˡ
˻ʵʵɽʸǿͿٴĵӣҲ˳鷳µսսǰ̽
壬Ȼɽʮ㡣
壬ǱӦսĳ˻ʵҲǺܴ
Ϊ˻ҪսģǶɽʣ
˻ʳ֪˶ټԪ
ȣȥСʵַ֮Բٺַǰתһ³ƺ
һطšַ
Ŀɨܣַֻǲ֪˳ĸ¥ˡ
Сᰡһ֪¥ô
ַݸ
ˣСôҲ˺ܳһʱ䣬˵˳һϤ
֪ôַʡ
Сܵ˵ͷ
Ǵȥɡַ
ǣСܹ

ַµû
£ȷæĽͷö岻ϵɧţ̽񾭽пս֮⣬ֻȴս
ʲôˣһŹӣŨüۣۻ룬ɫüһλߵϢ
Ψһһ׺ƿ߶ǿߣҵ
˻ʵĴͽܣƹ塣
ҵΪġ׺ƿ֮ͨһһ˻ʵĶͽ
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ҵɫȻƹ˳ǣľεϵȻ˻ҲὫ֡
ַ֮Ĺ죬Ҳûй
ţ֪ˡҵͷ
ôʡ
ҵ˳Ļ̻̣Ϊ޹ʹҲǡ׻죬ʵӦǽ׺ƿߡ
ս׵ˣ۸ڶţ»н׺ƿߵǿߣȫϡ
ҵͷ˵һ˰ɡ
˻ͽܣͽҵͽСͽʵΪ׺ƿżͨһ߾롣
õģҵ
ˣȵλϲ£ЩΣòǺܴ
룬Ϊ׺ƿͨǰѵΡ
Ͼ˻ʵͽܣðա

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С·£˺ܿһ·ȺĿΧַۣ岢ںһʼûعԼݺ١
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λˣ¥¥ǰװ󣬴󸹱ϰԳӭӣЦݣȴЩȻ
Ŀ˽ӴҲǣӴҲǡ
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ϰһᣬԥַǱ䵭Į񣬻һ飬󸹱Ķ͵һͦ𱳼Ŀˣߣ룡
ַͷСһ롣
󣬻ϰЦıȿ޻ѿȴҲΣǰɷɱ嶼ǣǻ˭֪᲻ԼҲɱˡ
¥Ǵ¥ĶҰã徲ϰϲĽĭٷɡ
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ַˣȥɡ
ϰŴ⣬ǻӻ֣һ˵ȥַ£۾俴Ŵ⣬һжԻһֲС
Χһ˫˫Ŀη£ֶ֣С
Ǻ²ţ´ǧ
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ޣһַ֮ԶһǿᡯϢǿ˳ټĽ׺ƿߣȻΪԼ
ֻһˡ



1632 ̫
ȣ
ۣӣ
˺Ư̫ˣ
֣ôᵽ
¥УһƬ֮ĿŮӣһ˫ĵۣüëϸ޳˿٣ɢһ񾲵ʡ
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ޡַͷ
ѹܻӭЩ˶ϲͰǷģŪ١
ȺԷÿһ·ַ̤ǰػȹᶯķ۲ƳСܣַ壬ݸô
ֲЦˣַԲôûȡ
лл
΢΢Ц¶ǳǳѣĶţûһӣַ壿
вҵĻôַ
΢Ц㿴ȥʮĻˡ
ҲǶͷϾͿŻַ֡
ַ壺ֹӺ֮䡭Ƿʲô᣿
˵ϣȷʵɱַ
ü΢΢һ£ԣģ
ַ嵭ȻҪɱ㣬ѲվɱҲδ̫Ե
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ַЦЦҴûҪıǵ뷨
û뵽õĴ𰸣ҧҧ촽ӵĿַ壺Ļֹӿ˵δҪ
ַǺһЦ̫ˡ
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ҪȰ˵Ļںһʱ䲻֪ô˵źãҧҧ׵촽ǲתһ룬ַ˼
ѳַǹȻơ
֮˭˭Ѿ˵ģΪԼ棬ضҪַ壬ɱ
¹һȺ
ǿԵ͸ˣСܵͷСС˫ȭյĽ¶΢ŵͷ­żĳޡ
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ţַ΢
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ǣ¶ңͷϵ˿˶ţ߰ɣٲ߾ˡ
СԥĿַһۣûа뿪Ĵ㣬Ҳ
ȸַ壬ǹˡ
ʱ
~~ߴһ֮ռ𶯸ǾңռԪصĲΪǿңַ΢΢˸ʲô
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óģһңʮ֮˾űΪ塣
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̽Ӿ磬ֻǡ
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¥⣬ֻŵĴһӰٴ̷ܶæ룬պѹѹһƬɽơ
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ڣĶңƺ
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ôַʵ⡣
ɽ˭
Ķƿǿߣ
ʵɲ⣬ûһʡ͵ĵƣʵԪλ½ۣ֮˻츳ô̵ʱܱɽʸǿô
ַһ
͸ԶսϢŨ
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أʴ¥дһ󺰣Դ󸹱Ļϰ壬¥ݿеײײɫҴ󺰵нˣ
˻ʣսɽѾнˣ



1633 ʤ
ַֹȡ
ʱ¥һ˶ǰס¥ݿϵĻϰ壬۾۾գһ£Ƭ򰲾¶ļ
ϰһĿɨһһֵʤ
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ϰǲⳡս˭ҲûӮƽɫ˵ɽʺ˻ʶ˲ˣͲˡ
˻ʣƽɽʣ
˻սʤ䲻𾪣ͬСŻϰ֮Ƭʱ׺䶯ֲѡ
ģ
˻̫ˣ
ιˣǿ֮һ˻ʾܺǴƽ֣
һս󣬿˭С࣡
쳹ϡ
˷ܲѣȷʵѱѹ̫̫ã½˵£˳ǣ½ط඼ö壬ܾӣèһ
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һǿȺǿ֮һɽʣһƳƽ֣
Ϣίʵ𺧡
ϵĽַ岻̾¶һĨЦݡ
˻ʰܱԼʵϣ˻ܹʤƽҲһ൱õĴ𰸣ԼĶԹΡ
Ϊһ˻ʰܱ롣
ô˵ԼҲ࣬½౥ĥжҲЩʹ졣ڲҪˣһվɡ
ǿ˻ػඨԽԽǿ
̫ˣ鲻Խ¶ЦݣŷȭػƵȹƮǳǳСѾп⡣
˻ʣÿ࣬ÿݵĶ
˳Ǳסˡַõ˽͹ؼѶϢ
ʱ򣬸뿪ˡ
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Ҫ뿪ɣʵûϵġȼַͣסɲǣΪЩ棬漴˵
ַ岢ȣҲ𻰡
Ŀֻ۵Ŵ⣬˼ǧСַܿ壬ĬĬһԡ
ٿȻ䡪
~
ַȻһ貣üͷĽšһɫȫءӦУռ䲨ȻӾ磬ĴȼӾ磬ͬʱԪصǿҲ
ʵȱǿ
۸Ӧǿı𣬸ӵ쐻ޣԶǿԵȣȫһΡ
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ս޿ɱ⡣
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һֱ˳ܱ֮ƽ£Ĳ˳ǷжǿҲжЭǿһ
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ַתͷȣ̾߰ɡ
ʲôһСɻʮִȡ
ַ̾ϢһɫѾսʽ˳ǣơ
սˡ



1634 һడ
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ʵֺγĬ½еģ
Ļȥ˳Ǹܴôá
ʵǡǼƻһĳɳܸǿľӰ˼Σʶʹ䲻иһҲϣܴǲһĶ
ڣ˻ʴĵߡ
ַɫƽ
Լ˻Ҳ
ôˣΪʲôԼҲǲ²ʱҪǡսѾ˳˵һξ޴ѡ
ܱʡ
ģİܱʵİܱ¾İܱ
ллַһۡ
ֻһֱû˺˵ЩδȫҲࣺҪȥսˣ㡭뿪ɣౣء
԰գһҲͣҴҵı뿪սȥˡ
ڵ壬Ҫ
ַСܣ΢ͷ­ɫӡ
ôˣַʵ
Сԣ̧ͷҼȲӮϣӮ
ַݸһЦ
СܵԴΪһడ
СƶǶַ壬ϸϸƷζ仰˵Ҫôô
ַ巴ʵأ
Сҡҡͷ
ֵͷͫЩҰ
һ¹һ£ҪԼô󸺵ַСܣοƶҪҪӰԼġ
С̧ͷҰͫ˸
߰ɡַ
ȥǣ
˵أ
Сصͷˣ



1635 Ӯս
ʱ˳Ȼ졣
Ϊ׵Ѿʽ忪սַӦһģһĹ̽תΪСģ
ȻֻһСˣδ㳲δͿѾһ϶źš
壬Ҫ˳ǡ
˵
Ҫݻ˳ǣɱ࣡
Ȼˡ䣬˻ʵĴͽҵһŹӣŨüۣòƽƽ棬ش壬ˮ©
׼֮£Ѿۼ˴ǿ׼ֿ֡
ݺһȺԲһֱǺܺą壬ǲ˴ǿǰаһ׺ƿ߶ǿߡ
硣
ඥǿߣ½Ҳֻ
ֻһǱҵ
ϵô˻˲ǣǡ䣬ȻǶ˻ʵΪʮֲΪǿ֮һ˻ǲм
ʦôһ⡣ҵ
ʲô⣿βһƳЦأ¶ʵֽࣿ
ΪǿߣȨףΪضֻ֪ƥ֮£
ҵǷǶԴպ˵üޣ֣֪ɷ֪ͨ峤ǲǿæ
ڻô絭
ҵ뿪ڣٶ˵ˣ峤ǲǱ̬ȣס˳ǣǅ岻ݴǣνˡ
ΪǿȺĴӪ˳ǣԾ˳ǱƣԅʧҲ̫
ҵ̾һ
嶼御
ʱԶӰ۶һһŮҵʦʦȣ˶˻ʵͽܣеλȻ
ʦ֡ȹ֡
ҵĿƳüͷһ壺ʦôˣ
Цİɴʦ֣㽻ѾףǱĺ֮ȫźóˣûʲô⣬ôһˣδսҿ
ҵεͷԼʦܵԸҲ
¹˳Ǵʦܾӱܡ
ʦҲˣˣҵ
޵ӦǣĿⲻŲ֮ɫҵû⣬ͷĺá
עսϣȻҲϾᡣ
οҵԺʶУСʦô±ǰ϶
Ȼʦû׷ʣҲԴûȤϴգ漴ôˣʦ֣ʲôܰæô
ҵĿһȻȻ廹δٽֻˣ¿ܿδʶĹŻ˽ࡣ
ǡӮôҧҧ׵ӣǵʵ
ҵ̾һңս׷ɵԶֹ
Ϊƴ󡣡ȵļ򣬺η֮ɫ
絭ҵ֣ǿסսǾûκϣǿһǿ½ǿֶĶ֡
ң۴һ˵ǿĶࡣ
ǿȫϣԶ˵ԼǺǡЦ㲻˵
ˣѵС
һƬž
ôˣɽǰ·˵¶֮ɫȭɱһɱ׬ߣʦã
ţصͷ
漴ս
ҵˣҲ̾һ
ãţ»ḻȴ֪һӮս

˳ǣһƬҡ
ȥ¥գϴɼӴܵǿߣҲЩŴ֮֡
ܶǿѡߣΧ鶼ǿߣҪôס
ϣһһСԵø롣
Χ꣬ȴɽ
ȥģСܵ
ַ֡
С΢΢̧ͷ¶֮ɫʲô
ַĿǰֻģѵõĴսܴ
СŶһͷƬ̣ٿصҪȥô
̸ַϰæҲһĶǿߣ˵ַͣ˫˳һƬգ
䲻ϲ·ƽʣȻ
ԣʱҾͻȥ
ַ嵭ȻЦ󲽶ǰ
С΢Դϸ˼ַĻĵͷθ



1636 ţ
˳ǵգǺڰġ
ʱÿǿߵһǿģƽ㶼˵ƴɱ
ƴûϵƴȴǿʿЩͳ
ÿɱһˣͻиðͷǸ֪ҪͶսΨһǣ½༸ʮֹ
⣬ֻĸ½Сٵı½
ûѡֻƴ
ֻƴһһ˳Ǳƣ˳ڵཫ˲أҪһҲɢʱཫ½̭
Ҫ
ǣٳһ˻ʡ
йǰ֮壬˻ʵĳɳô
𰸣ȻǷ񶨵ġ
ɱ
˵ľ͸ҳ壡
ЩƴˣǵԽã˳ǵӵľԽ࣬ס
岻ǲսʤģ˻ʸսɽʣǸ಻ίȫ;ˣѾʱ̣ɹʣ
ûҲҪĺңмֵ
£ǿ߷һһĹס˳ǵĴţѪȾ˳ǽʬҰҲ˵ģ˸࣬
˵֮
˵һʲôǱǱ͵½ʤ̭ÿһ˾ͻи˱
һһʮʮ
ûʱ俼Щ˴Ǳٳ£ٲͻ⡣ܵסʱһ˳ǵ뿪һ㡣
ߣеѡô
ʦ֣ڿԼսôŲѪǿǣεЩѿϲϱȲҪս֡
ȻʵҲǿܾһЩһЩ
Сˬʣ³ç
סȣǰҪŪһ£ʦãڲΪսʤ壬Ϊսʤˡ֮սһ·ˣһ桭
ϣսʱϳ뿪
˸ҧݣͷ
ԣֻάֺܾͬУǧҪӴ󹥻ȣȻֻҵĶԿ
ǿǿǿܿСģ̽ͻɼɱʱ
Ԥϡ
ǲܿȫס
˵ǸһƾеսЩƫǣǾѹס࣬ܿȡʤʼղôһ㡣
Ҳǿߣʼάӵб
ʦãʦ¡ûףʵ
΢һ£򴽣ҡͷĲһ
ﲻһ
ȵҵĸоƽȻ黳ȣҿʮͨ͸ǣ׽
ͷŹˣȻ
ţͨȫͬԵʱʶȹģֻǳѡ
ţ
ȵҲ֪òţֱҡƭ˵ġ
ˬʶЦ
ôǲǲԣʦ֣ȾµĺӰ㣬Ĵָ
֮ôĿ⾼Ȼ˵ʥˣҲÿ˶ʦһЩûҪô棬ǾǣòǾͲǡ
ҡ
һԶǻǣʵѲôҪΪѱüͷԽšԽɫԽԽࡣ
壬ǿˣ

ʱַ壬Сս
̱ŨѪζ֦ʬĴѻκһδϹսսʿмȻŻ£ַƳСȴδ
ɫɷףС֫ĳǿ̡
˷ˡ
⺢ӣСʱܹܴıʡַ忴֮СܣһȷԼһġԡԼ⡣
ܶණ춼Ըı䣬ԸС
СܵͨͨһԼһͿˣȻҲĴʦڣҵԼͨ
Сܵ־ǿЭ̲ס
ߣѱ򵹡
Сܡַͣ½Ų
ǣ
ǰɱôַ
ˣ
áַĿƳСܣȻȥһʲôսʲôɱ¾
СԵһ㶣漴ǿͷǣ
ǺԥСûãã˺֮Уذ׵Сڲδӱܣ¸ԣ֪һ·
һŵ㡣ַ⣺ʶԴƴӡ
ʶǿĺӣĺ˽̵ʱ׳ɲš



1637 Сܵ츳
ַԲСȥ
սһǿһĸԣ̬ȵȣһҲ˽ʣʵսȻҪΪԼͽܣϸ۲졣
ʺϣԼŻա
Լ˵ͽܵʹȻҪҪƷԣԵȷ档
սɱѪսټգȫȻɱ¾ϢӰ죬սս
սУÿһ˶Ƿġ
ΨַȴǶһģս֮УƮӯͶ䣬һĪ㱻նɱ
֮ɱЩˣֻΪǵ·ˡ
һǿСۣܺССûʲô̫ʵǿмǵ׵ģЩַ֪
뿴ģСĶ
ηսϵıֵȵȡ
Сܲϵ˻˫ĿѪ죬Ƶذ׹ţʵãСܶ־ȴʮָ߰
Ϊο־壬ǿĺơ
ʵ־
ৣַȡһսֱСܡ
ĶսУʹذײ㣬ԼҲ۲һ£СõΡõսСܣսδƺӡ
Ͼذ׸͵ϮǴ󿪴ϵս
ԵƿҲϳɣĸʺϡַ忴жСܵ۲ͣҲôߡ
ʵĺͯ˳һһѡ
ϵܳɫϲε츳
ޣַٿطһЩһĶ
ĵС
š
ַ˼ĵͷ¶һĨЦݡ
СַϸĹ۲ţĳСܶԵʹûЩİ裬սƺİ
֮ͨ츳ϲ㡣
ԺԼ־ǿʧܸս
⡭
⺢ӵĵѧϰǿַ巢СһڲͬĵطӲᵽᣬսģ¶ֵĵǶʩЧ򭣬ġġ
һһУĵнԭһ׵ڲϵսзӳԭ
츳ֲʵĲ㡣
ܺáַ⡣
С䲻ʲôⳬܵţƽҲЩƽĶߣĸ̬ȣԼ̵£ҲЩŲȥ

սҡ
ƺǲͷ岻һͷͷ˽ϣռԪزǿң˳һļŵĿֻš
ڽڰˣ
ĹƣԽԽǿ
ʱҲǿʼ񣬴ͨƿߵ׺ƿߣӿ֣ά־棬˷ͥ
һֱԣ඼ֻǱʵ
ʵҲ·磬սԽԽңҲԽԽҵǣⳡս㹻ӣ
ֻǲ֪ܳá
Ϊ˵ǻ˶ԡֻǸոտʼ
䣡أǼսȣȴȸսеսս֣һ
һΣͬ⡣
ִһеĴ󵶣е̣ͿĨŶҩĹֹսԵɳѪ˺ҳƻ˿ڣϡ
ǲ֮ûá
ļ룬ƱΪ׵ȷ飬񣬺һ˱ն䣬Ӳǽ˺һӡ
սϣһտķ羰ߡ
ֻн׺ƿͨʵϾʦ˻ʣս۷ʱķҲӽ⣬ʵڴʦҵ

Ҹžһ壡
Щƴˣ಻Ǻ۸ģ
ٲȻĶ룬ư硣
ʱȫͶս״̬Ҳԣ˫Ŀͨ죬ѹ˲һȣһ㱻֮⡣
ʵϣҵսҪһǼѵġ
ʵҲҪۿۡ
䣡
¡¡~~~
˷Ĺԭٵ˿ʮңԼæңӦӲϾ˵մѪգۺӷһĨ԰ס
սǵһξ
츳ȻǳڣȻ˻ҲͽܣΪСʵԺٲɱһͬ
һγսµľƣȻ²ˣټ
Ѿȥˡ
ԲϧͷΧȣֻн׺ƿżʵȣսӲɣԷĶ֡
۷춴һѾˡ
ڡ
䣡¶һ͵Ϯ֣߿Χʮˤȣ¶ɡ
Ұףȫʧȥֿ



1638 㣡
ã
⣡
ã
Χǿߵɴ˫ۣĵѣսϵɱ˲Ϣ䣬˭ҲԤϣԼҲ˵ˡ
˵Ȳȵ˻Ǹ⡣
ɱ졣
ҡ
δСսΪԼжδԼʵ˲ãսϽôһС
µʶ֮⣬û
֪ܿͻᱻɱ̤ʬ޴档Ĳսģ˶಻飬Ҳͬˡ
֮ս
һˮȡ
Ǽ⴫˿ֲϢȾر˫ʱٿһӲҪϵͫ
߳
˵գۼţ˲һᣬһԵϢ뷼ǣʶϤǱ¶ֱӼף紥ĸо
罿Сֱһ
սУôأϤڶߣһ۾΢СԴüƽ޵ӣǷһ˫ͫ貵ǳ
㣡Ⱦѡ
ǰ꣬ղšǸͨô
ô
ôԼ
սϣۺʱҪϣַ屧ȣȴ㲻谭˴֮Уڻ̽裬档
ȴȵܣԭѪɫս˿ȴ˵
졣

ࡣ
ʳһعʵʱؿڴů֫ʶһ壬գۼѻָ߳ɡ
ллȵͷҿַ塣
ԼҲ֪Ϊʲô
ÿַ嵭Цһһһҳƽˡ
ˣԼСģʵǧҪ󡣡
ַڶߣ˲ȸеһأȴ̤ڳǽ֮ϣԵϢȻʧƺ¶ȣȴѲ֪ںδˡ
Ȼֻж̶һ˲ȴǾκˡ
ͻȻ֣֮ǰԼŹȫǡ顯ʵܴסַ壬˼ǧ֮ƽأնɱʵˡ
ս̾Ϊֹ
ַȥķҧ촽ҲͰɣôôʵֻܺͶʦˡ
Ĵ֡

ȣǾ֮͡
ȽսʱַǸӦע⵽ˣҲ֪Ůһһ֪ûκξ顣
ս²Ź֡
ʶԼһֱע̶ֳȵսҪסˣôѡ
ϣϵüַٴͶսС˵ⲻֹһǽĿռ䣬ֻҪⳡսлСһջᣬóɳ
ԼҪģ޷ʱ
⡭
ûַ֡ʵһֱѰҿͿ䣬뿪½ǰԼȷʵ½״һʲôĲΡ
Ƭ½ǼѵԽʯ
Ȼأٽ˳ǣôȻǵõ֮һ׿ϣû֣ΪʱδΪδܱǿߡ
¡
ȡַҲżý˻ĥСܣĿɨսоţǻһĨ΢΢ЦݣҲԾ
䣬µԾٶϮɱ
Զһ׺ƿ߲εɱķ˷ܣΧΧɱһٿء
ͣ
ɴ۾˫צǳɱ¾Ȼͷ­Ѻ˼ңѪۡĿǿʵĵ
һߣͬһ׺ƿ߲εˣǷƵĿҧǿߵ壬˲ͷ­Ӳ롣
һߡ
ַ壬밵ɱ״̬
רʵǿɱս֮УȣƱǿΧסѲʵȴǽ
һſĹƱ
ΪǶȻ֣Ȼܶ࣬λڶ˵Ľ׺ƿ߲ǿߣȴԽԽ٣෴ʧ򲻴
սб
ɱǲҡַ岢עĿҲỳɣϾս˲Ϣ䣬⡣

һο⣬˷ܲѣ־Ƹʤѷɫ࣬¾սìӲǴ̴˵
ɱ
Ҳûʲô˲ģ
Ǹϻϼȥ
ǿǿѡ
֮ʿȴǵ䣬ڽڰˡ
Ӧÿˡַڶ֮ݹȫ֡



1639 ȣ
ʵʵȫԽ޲𹥻
˳ǣλѹΪսȻٷɢƣⳡս¾ʮþˣ岢ûôӲ
ΪʵоĵĹϵ
ֻΪ˱벻
eΪОeӱӻǶԸˡ
ʲô
˳Ƕ޷湥£ΪƬ½ˣ
䣡ǿδĶãǱ߱ȫ֮ǰ˴ѹϣи׺ƿ߶ǿѹ
Ҫ˴ʮ㡣
˲䣬㽫ȼĻ潽
ѹƣ
ǿߣȫѹ
ʹ־߰ʿ磬ʵ̫޴ʱһжȻַüͷ΢΢ѡҪô͵ϮҪôֱӷ𹥻
һҪŤתƶЩѡ
͵Ϯ岻ɵӣղŴǿ̱ɱֻ裬˴Żкܳһʱĳţ󷽿϶ڷ²ԭ
˵ھͲһԼȥ
ߣ͵ϮЧʲߣ̫ǽڽڰˣҪ˳ǳԼ¶ʵֱӲǿߣлʤϣ
кܴա
Ϊ̬δ֪̬δ޷ܺʱԼᱻ˧
ʵǿİ˴ذΧҲδܱȫ
˵ʵδƿߵı
ԼĹϵò
ַԥ
ۼȵ˻˳У˴޼ɵĽ񺿲ϣ޼ɵѪ˳ǽһǿҧأƴսַϴ
ǣΪԼս
ԼйûвǶǻˣƩȱ֮һ
οȺֻ֮һ˳ǵˣ˳ÿһģƵȺ
ǺԼûκγԹ
ǣǺԼһѪࡣ
ȡַ
ȣԼһأ˳֮࣬еıСܻСеֻǸճԼȡ
Լ뿴˳Ǳ̤ƽ
ˣǸĶ

Լڳɱ嶥ǿߣʵ̫ޣҶԷضתĿ꣬Լ𹥻Σʮ֮
£ûҪԼȥ
ȥɣַ߰ų߰߰Ƕƿߣֻһʵס99%ֻܷӳ׺ƿ߶ս
ˣ㹻ǿ
ͬĽ׺ƿ߶⣬߰һ嶼û⡣
٣ȻҪɱ߰ûôסַ㣬һųۻ˴һų߰ע⡣
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͵Ϯж
Ч󻯡

󷽡
ַû´ȷˣ˴ξΪ̤ƽ˳Ƕδ֣ʼջЩɵϾ˻ʵĳǳء
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Ϊʲôû£¶֮ɫ
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¶һģǽ׺ƿ߶Σ̤ƽ˳ǣ¡
ǶħʲôɫЩء
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Ц˭֪֮ǰ˭ܲµ˻սƽɽʣһҵȵ䣬һΣ
ɵģֻ˻һ
ά衣
ܲԼ棬ôһ˻˳ǣԼһͷײȥȻԲ
˻ʲڣǱɱȻгһշر½ѱˡ
ûʮȫգðա
ԣ˳ǵĴҲһֻ۱һֻۣβС
ʵҲأŻ
ɶ񣡡ɶ񰡣
Ǹһ湻ƻģʲôӱҧгݣŭѣٿĿ¶ɱһ
ģʹ򣡡
ȫҼϣ̤ƽ˳ǣ



1640 
սϵƫб
ռݾƣ෴ٵٴѹƣٵַɳ߰Ⱥһ֮ӲǵסǿߣֹѪࡣ
ԭʿЩѹסྪϲޱȣȻǲ֪ǿߴ
м¿Կ϶ѷǵУ
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粻Ϊλħڣ
һ㣬ҲǺҵֹħѪδ
ţƺᵽһϢζ
ڲ˵ʱ֡ҵɫħǿʵǿɱ׺ƿ߶ǿߣûҪ湦ˡ
˵͵ľѡ
ҵصͷ¸óˣڻռһƣǰƣɱǿߣ
ãӦ

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ḻҵץס߰ûᣬѸƣʲôʱʲôȻֻ師ƾ師Ҳܽ˿ͷת
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оһɼǿϢĽ١
֮һ
׺ƿ߼¡ַӦԼһģһʵΣֻսʤлס˳ǣ
ʮ׺ƿ߶ǿߡ
ϣ߰ܶһ
ַ尵ݡ
ħδɳΪţϾòǷأΪԼ㡣
֮ĲУ֮Ĳޡ
ϣ岻ҪϺȡַһƬҺĻս֮С
岻Ϻȣһ˿ϣܻ˴
ȻϣûС

壬񾡳
ҵͳ˧£ٴ⵽¬ӿ徫ǿǾײһʵǽ˲Ȼ
̫ǿ
׺ƿ߶ǿ߱㳬ʮ
ߣֻҵ߰žԲ࣬˵徫ȫǽ׺ƿǿɡ
ÿһ棬ѹ
ˣˣҵǷʩ֪ټȥֻ½ȫʵ̫¡
⣬δֵ
ڣЩʧء
ǿˣѾˣʮ׺ƿ߶ǿ߷ͷʮУոǿߵʬ塣
̫죡
ݿĹֱӽ師ȥ
ҵÿ˶׺ƿ߶ˣ߰ң׺ƿ߶Χ᧿Σ
ƣȻ
ǿ츳繥˲仮һ׺ƿ߶˵ķڴʱ
ϣ~
ռһ㣬͵һ˫ĿȻ
ǿĿռг֣²ֹٲά裬ֱ۸ֱӱеѪע˲ؿڴ͵İݣһȭ
أ
类غڵϣ״һƬ
ûӦˡ
ԶһȻӰȻ֣Ķ͸ɫĶᣬɫϾѪ




1641 
𣡣
Ľ٣ֱʹ˴ˣΪǵ˵ǡһĴڣߡ
׺ƿ߶⣡
񱱴½ǿս֮һ
˻ʾĹһ˴˿ĵ˼ǣ涼
һУ˱½ǿ֮һ硣
йȻг䲻һأʵӹɵġ
ԵûκӮĿܡ
ĳߣζһźš
һΣġ
ϧһд۵˳ǣһս־ڱصã
ĳ֣شʱ·ֹͣɲǣҵΪ׵ǿɫһƬҰף·̣Ϣ
ʣһ˿ϣʧȥ
½඼ɵֻһˡ
˻ʡ
Ϊ˻ʣԲ˳ǵĴڡͳ˴ʹ̤ƽ˳ǣͬԢһԡ
˻ʣ鷳ˣ
˳ǿԵǿ߿˻£ô½༸˵ٲѶɽ
ˣҵԺûеڶͷ
ǿУӲҪƴһֻüʯͷûκӮĿܣȻȴûκߵĿܡ
ֹ׺ƿ߶ǿΧסΧ׺ƿ߶ˡ
鷳Կ
ǰߣ
壬츳ռǿ壬ΪǿߣӵĿռ츳
ĥĥġƺܲ⣬һ͵Ŀǰ˫צռֱӷҵɫһ࣬Ӧʱ
ʦ֣Ǳߣǽ
Ȼսֻǿﵽ׺ƿ߶εµľֻǱˮнġ
߰ҵŭ¶
ŭĹӲͻƼƿӲ׺ƿ߶ˣۼԽԽӽ˭ż٣ʦһ
ǱߣƲһռг
ȹٸ죡
ȻǿԸͨƿߴ´࣬ոձжһֱۣ¸ֱɱ
ʦܣҵ۾ͨ죬
ŭ֮µĹȫӲͻƿռһ·ҪۿʦܾҪռи룬ٿء

һȻĳ֣ռӲơ
ռ𵴣ǿĽͬˣҲڡ
˭ɴ˫ۣŭ
ЩڲŲ󳷡֪ռΣǿƳһеֻһˡ
˻ʣ
˭
ֹǿҵһǿ߶ȻȻһӰѳ֣źɫսףִɫսȻɢһɱϢ
˾ͺս޼᲻ݡ
ַ壡
ޣ͵ͣ£һ̵ٿɻһĨЦ
ֻҪ˻ʣŲں
ҵҲһ㶣ͻȻֵõǿһͷˮ֪֪˭
е졣
ҵԺðͷ
ʱ䣬ַǳ
͵̤ռۣڪzϻ굶ȽһѪɫսƣ·һͷħѣֱȡ
֪ں˫צӶռлӳ
˻ʣ඼ֻһЩСඡ
ᵶַ֣оš
ԿռеĹַٿһսӳ˲ӲռУһҲַ͵ġըһࡪ
ҵڣ
ã˲䷴Ӧ͸ϾǻӶۻĿռըĺֱȡַ塣
ܿ죡
ַ졣
ڿ֮ǰڪzϻ굶٣ǿߵ׼ΧҵĽ׺ƿ߶ôҲ벻ᱻһ˸öֱ֮ӻɱ
ۣ
ǿĿѪҵϣַҽ̤ͺһݰŤתֱȡ߰ڡ
ϣ
ռӲ̣һɿ¿ռ侢ֱַ壬ԿĹղǱشַȴǺõֱӶԺ䡣

ռ𵴣ֱַȡ߰ڡ
ͨ죬Ƥµ±ɱδ棡ἱģ͵ĳַڣǿҹ
ٱɱֱǶ
һΡ
~
ַٶȶȻȴ߰ڣȡսչĿ׿ȻʼĿ궼ֻһ
䣡
ֱַ



1642 ˭
ʼϲ
¶һһδεƣðɣһǰַͻȻЩȴ㲻ں
ھԵʵǰȡûκã
֪ط˵Ŀռ㼯ѹȣѹַ壬ǻЦݣ
ռм⣬շ֣
շѹ֮ͬЧȻĹһģʵ·ӲȫҲԽѵǰⲻ֪ߵغࡣ
Ȼ
ַûһȫںռмķٶȽôһ㣬ȴ̹ǡ
ôܣɴ۾
Ϊľвãæ¿ǵֵǰӿ˰ϮĵһۻٿȻ˿֮¡
ܫ
ܹδ룬ܫϾĵܷ40%ľ磬ֻһҲ൱ˡ
ۻֱƿķӲǽƳһ󶴡
䣡
ûʲôĿҷڣʹֱӱˣѪһʱ˲ˡ
ʲô
ɣ
ֹ࣬ǿҲסˡ
ǵ½ǿ֮һȻһһˣȻŤתĻʼδš
ʵԼҲˡ
ʵַ޴󣬶ַ֪ʵȴ㲻֪ҳսд
Ϊ
ڿԺУֻ֪˻ǿûһǽ׺ƿ߶ΣһΣȫûַ
ⲻ֪ǰַǱʵǿĴڣ
䣡ַԲκλᣬ˵ͬʱǼϮϣܼ򵥿ٵĽսԲκԥ
Ȼûôס
ǿ͵ķӦĹ׺ƿ߶ϵĹͬСϾǾͨǿռ
ַ˫
Ϯǿߺսһɫâж㣬±㽫Щ׺ƿ߶εɱ
죡
Чʼߡ
ôҵ𾪣ۼһʵͬ˱ɱָоǵ߸Եģδһǿ
ͬ˻
ǿôĬĬ
˭ҵԺðһ޴ʺţֱֱĶַ壬ʱͷĲֹҵУȡʱĿǻŭߵĶַ塣
һ㣡
һ㣬һͿأ
ڼʱָ
࣬ǻˣŭ͸Ͼɢâռ츳õ£ʱ䡪
ͣ꣡
һĿռųӶ̲ǿռ֮ǰĿռȫͬǿܡ
湦ˡ
ڸոɲʱ䣬׺ƿ߶˱ɱܲŭҪ֪Щһѡ
ôأʤ飬Ҳᱻѹơ
ŭ
ǿʵôҵȫסһԼ̫ˣȫ͹ʵ
ʵǰ˻ʵȻ˭ҲȲ˳ǡ
ǰꣿ
ɣҵΪĿʵһ꣬ȴµʵִսȡ
ৣৣৣ
ÿһƶÿһιݿֱ࣬ǰ
һռȫƿı䷽򣬼գۼޱȽӽ˲䱬ĵضΪ֮ʧɫ
ܫ
ܫһУ40%辳磬״̬·ӳַʵսȰǿĵ硣
⣬Ǳս
䣡ַĹһĿȫѹƣȫѪע˲أôҲԼ潻ս
Ȼһµȷʵ֮ϡ
Ĳȡɣս
ȫѹƣ
ܣôܻǿߣ沿ŤЪ˹ս⶷־һɥʧΧĹǰסַԵĹѹ£ȫ֮ء
䣡䣡䣡
ַÿһι˴ľ
ѪɽʬҰַµ޲ľӢǿߣÿһҪ赲ַǰˣȫѻҷ
ǿĿɿڴ£ַһ˴˴֮Уɱ
ĪУ
ɡַĵͬӰĮ
辳֣һâֱȡǶ־ȫ޵Ŀ׼ڴʱ
꣡




1643 Ī
깣
ռ伫Ťһֹ֮²ֹǳ䲻⣬һȴﵽ
ַ岻ÿҲ֪˭
½ǿУֻһȿǿǾǿ֮ǿʤһȡ
ĹʱץļѣԼɱ֮ʱ
ԼһеĹôһشԼԼ㿪ôܱס
֣ԸԼ
ûʱԥ
ս˲Ϣ䣬ַʱתΪأӭսǱܵķӦΪɱԼվ
ɱɱôҪԼûжԹ
ߣɱˣ֮Ҳɱ
ַӲ¿Ĺ䱻ˣѪӿδκˣϵĽ㹻սӭս
治Ҫ
ɵ壬ս
̫ˣʲôƨǿߣ磡
ǿŭѡ
֪ʱһ˫սͣעŶǿ߼սȺЩöԵģĳֱģ
ʵȷʵˡ
վսһ꣡
Ӯʤ֮䡣
Ȼûޱ飬Į绯ʯ˫СС۾ľƶˣưվơ
ᡣ
ʤΪ˻ȥᰣ̤ƽ˳ǣҿǱ½ߣҰĲĿֻѡ
Ϊ½ʣ
ΨгΪǿߣʵʸ̤½ǿԴޡ

಻򵥡ֺ󣬿ɫԽԽأĿռ乥ܻᱻһֵ֣θǼǿ
辳磿
ⲻħϵôԴ⣬½Ĵ޻ħУ֮𾪡
Ⱦͯһ
ڱ½ǲ֪£Ǻɽͬ䣬ۼʶ˦һء
Խ֣Խ
ȫǳǰȫ֪ʵȷҪӮһĿռ乥ȴᱻ˵
˴˰
˭ҪӮûô򵥡
˻ʣһģǿ˲űѵҲ˻һõԴ޵ĴУ
˵ĳأ
ܲ򵥡
ַ壬թĸࡣ
޷ȫȫսʱַ巴תѹƣսʱô򵥣һһܣͬսȴܴ
ģ
̫ţˣλֵܼ̫ˣ
ʲôǿߣޣս棬Ǳѹƣ
ɱɱǣ
ۼַռƣǿ˷ܲѡ
ȻǶʶַ壬ҪֻҪַ֪࣬վһߵľУҪ
ǺֻҪսʤཫƾ棡
ס˳ȫпʵ֡
Ӯô
߳߳߳ԶһٵĿռвϮȴǻָһԪĿۼƣ¼ս
Ӯ
ôҲãսԶǳܿܡ
ƴˡַ岻һóΧץסʵǿµսԸ
Ŀ꣬뼯С
ַ˫ͫѪŷɫſռ辳ٴܫڶСն̹ᾣÿһλӵž˵
䣡
ֱַȡ
ȫӿɧţַĹƵʲϼӿ죬ڪzϻ굶չʵԲٱ
Ǽ䣬ַ屩ĹʹһĿࡣ
ô
һ˶սǿߣֹ·磬ռݾϷ磡ֱɱĿ˷ֹѹ
εʵ
ղšȻȫʵҵѾȫˡ
̫ˣоǣ弤ֱȫַ嵱ݶ˫ֲͣȻͺսһ
ַǿ˴
ʶһֱΪǿģ̤ƽ˳ǲ򵥵һ¡ڣǰȫ߸ǵ뷨
ԭྐྵȻôǿ
ַǧĹһλ˿˲ᣬȻޱ顣
ٿȻ䡪
~~~
ӿĿռ̻ըǰһƬŤԻãַ֮һݣӰӲֹڰգǰյһƬȻʧЦ
֮һ½ǿߡ
Ȼˣ



1644 ǲսʤ
˭Ҳ벻˵˵߾ߡ
ͿͬȻַսʱʵǿᣬδܶصˣһ뿪ɼһ㡣
пս֮ȴͻȻ뿪
Ϊզ಻ѣսʹַЦԷǣһǿȫûǿߵӣ͵Ϯܡ
Ծǿ
ſַ巢𹥻޼ɵʩչռУɧ͵Ϯаˬѣ뵽ֱӶߣһ
κβֻ꣬ʣһ
亹䣬δղһһսĿһǰǰ͡
ӣ
ȻӦһģϾεǿߣ涼ôҪˣҪʲôҪƯûˡ
ৣ~
ռҲĶν졣
ȴ졣
ū޴˲֣Ľ٣Ƭռпռ䱻ǿȻӡ
ȴֱ£
ԽԽΡ
ܿ죬ūһЦ㽫һ׵ĿһϢԭ˵ʱ
սϣһƬž
Ʊãͻתã纣˴У󳬼ǿߣͳ챱½˵һɳܵܣһߵı׽
𾪣ͣȻ
һǿ߾ɵһ֪ȥô졣
䣡ִַڪzϻ굶ɱֱϮʣĽ׺ƿ߶ǿߣ´þܲա
սϵϣ֮⣬Ѿ
ܫ
߳߳߳
ַĵǿ潻޼᲻ݣһɱ˴֮УӰСȻǵȴǵأƸֱ꣬ɱ˴ɹ״һƬ
ǿѿɵ
εʵ
ǵӢۣɱȳǿʱѱַĿ⾪׵һսѰַ嵱ż
ĳݣ
ַɱȥԲ
ϣһӮˣҵ緢ָ㽭ӣΪսͳ˧֪սķȫһߡ
һʵȫȣȫûκλʤܵսת
ֻΪһˡ
̫ˣҵȫַ۷ʿ䣬ûʲôˣ˴Ӵ󣬵оӢǿ߶Ǳɱ
ʣµֻں֮ڡ
ǿ٣磬޿赲
ⳡսӮ¡ҵ˿̷ǳȷоϲãܱס˳ǣ֤ĻҵסӪ
壬ǲսʤġ

սݱ
ʧȥ˴ʮ࣬ʵȻۻ룬ȻȺ׵һɢɳΪսҰܵϢܿ촫˴֡
֮ȴ硣
ַʿĴ£ɱǺľʿȫޡ
һսʷᡣ
˳ǵػսȫƵ˾ת費һӭͷȣǲ֪
ǽ£һƬѪӡ
ʬѻɽԻŵǿǸˣüɢģȴޱȵϲúͼ
Ӯˣ
ǣס˳ǣ
Цһǿӭǵһ̡ĿųǽϣǲߴȴΰһɫӰ羴֮ɫ
֪꣬һ漣
ܵ漣
֮ǰǸɱķħǿߺǱŽľˣеǰѺɫսͷ·Ƶģɢŵ˲
лӢ۳ҵǰҴ壬ʾĸл
Ϊ˴սͳ죬ҵ֪ⳡս֮Ӯľǰò˵꣬ǲǿ׳ſµ
ս
֧˴֮
˻ʣҲ
ÿҸġַӦ
ҵ̧ͷַĿ˸벻֪ӢԺηǡô
½ϵ½ԡ
ַͷϣѾʲôܡ
ԭˡҵͷƺ⣬̾߸ͨǱˣȻˣҵ˶٣ˡðӢۣǲ㣿
԰Ӣۣ֮ǰ϶ɣҲǲ
ַݸЦ
ػٿԶһӰ
ַ壡Ⱦ



1645 Ӣۣ
ַ壡
ҵһۣòָϤ֡
߰ҧ촽ʹַգ۾ʾ뿪ַȺһֱΧûַղŶս
ôʦã۾ô
һ죬֧֧ᡣ
ҵȣĿͶַ壬ٿ֮һʦʶλӢۣ
Ӣۣ
һʱҲûӦ
ͨôʲôʱӢۣ
˻ʵͽһ۵СۣĪ⣬ַһЦ̹ȻȻʶץңȴְҷˡ
һŭǶţιô˵
ץˣˣ
ҵһۣ鼫ǹ죬ٿȻɴ۾ŵ죬ָȣòᣬʦãòǡ
ҵʱҲЩعԴһƬ
ԣҾַ塣ַ̹Ȼ
˳ͣҪץǸͨ
һƬž
ҵıǾʣȲ첻ַʦ֣ƺ֮ʲô£֪ġ
ͨ
Цˡ
ᣬ϶ᡣҵЦЦһҲȥץַ壬ǲͨȷ˵
Ϊͳ죬ҵ֪ʲôʱʲô¡
ûӢ˿壬ΪˣôͨҲǷۼַʵԿӲ
ǿߣ
ͨ
һͨô
ַЦЦȷڲ֪ΰԼԼ˴Ե±Թ壬кܴһؾΪ
ΪԼԱơ
ô£λʦ֣ܸôԵʮִȡ
ʦ㲻֪Ӣ۸ղжһ˿㣬ϲĽղַ¼ĭٷɣٴ졣
˸ʱƳַ壬ݡ
һ֮εǿƣ
ַղŻȹȸĽŮĴԹŮӢۣˡֹȣַѳΪǿ߾
ַ޸о
ǿ뿪ǰĻַ֮
Դޣʲôطַ֮棬Կ˵½ǡħ壬Դڻ棿
ңԴ޽ƺ൱֮ߡ
⣬ҵղ̸ġߡƺʵ⣬Լ֪ϵǿʵԼǡ
šַ˼

ս˳ǰٷϴˣҲ账һӡ
ѪȵζһʱȥǶѻɽʬ壬һƬҵḶֵ̌Ĵߵȡ
ַ룬˳ʱ
ͨѱЦȥЦ˸ַͨ壿ַͨ壬类ʷɹ
ַ˳ǵǹ˻ʣһʱ˳ǣÿǿеӢۡ
ǿʵ
ַʵ츳δر˲
࣬ǿӵǿʵġһսǿ߶ԣջĲʤԴĵ׵š
˵ڵ˳ֻҪַ۸ߺǽ
ߣСӣ̰ᣬҵŭⲻѣڵַ֪Ǳ֮һʱѳĵǸַƽ
ַһЦҲδ⡣
ʵ鱾ͺܼ򵥣㹻ʵʱ򣬺ڵĶ˵ɰ׵ģԼɱҵҲԼ
ʵ
οԼԶʵ
ûͲһΪƥȺ֮ٲ̾治һ壬Ͼʱ˴ǵзѡ
ִǿ㡣۾
ַʵ֮ӵϢô
ûСҵҡҡͷĿһ񣺡ӾҶȸ״Ϣҵȶץִá
֮Ǹܵһڵɰ׵ģ׵˵ɺڵġ
ȴѹҵ˷ŭòֹϲǵˣŭַ壬ίʵ
㱻壬Ҳпܰɣ
ַսеǿᣬҵ˸
ôҲ
ַģǶһĵĿ֮ӵ㣬޿ˡֹǣ˳ǶŹ
ַͷ
ԼҲûȥ֮ӣ½崦ٺò
ˣǿ֪Դʲôطַҵ
Դޣ
ҵɫȻһ䣬



1646 Դ
Ҳ֪ԴޣҵɫȻ
ַһδ
ʦ֣Դȴǲ֪ʵ
Դ޾˵дޣֻڵ伮Уἰˡ
дޣ
ַһǲ졣
صдޣн޳ľ֮ޣ
Ϊʲôд޽Դޣַʳʵ⡣
ҵ˫΢ԶΪ½ģԴͷڣʶΪԴޡ
һд޲Ǿô
ԵȷǾأΪǵʵԽ룬Դ޾һܻƬ֮Ŀޡ
ʵǻ춴Σʵǿ¡
ҪԴޣԴ˵ǣֵʵֻҲδܽСίѵ
ΪߣоóַԴ޵Ȥ
ôȾС죬զ಻ѡ
ҵֹԴڷǿ߻ۣ壬Զ壬кһߡ
ߣ
ַҵָȻһϵǿߣǡ
һ
ǰļ
Ͼبؾʱ䣬Ժƿ߶Բϵǿܽبؾ½ģ޲ǾӢеľӢ츳׵ĳš
ʵ½ԭסΪĹϵ
ֻҪЩ㹻ʱھǱһжпܡ
ħҲôַʵ
ҵӦУܻȺ̾һҵ츳ռˮܱܿԴֱӽ롣
Դ޵ǿߺܶôַ
ҵൽʺȾԵƽӹˣԴƺѽѳ֪Ϊʲôǿ뿪Դޡ
ΪĹϵɡʦ˵ġ
ַͷ
׷ǼµԴΪ½ģ°빦Էܱȡ
ԼԴҲδؿϳ
ֻֻǲ²⡣
֪Ĳ֪࣬ĻһЩϾǲƬ½סҵв޸̾
½ƴ
һսӮˣס˳ǣһһЩǿߣ˵
أ
࣬Խ࣬˥Խ졣
ܷô
ܡ
൱֮
ˡַͷ
ԼȷԴ޸ȤԼ½ΪʲôԽڶǿߣϵѿʼ˥ֻʣ²11Ԫġ
Լʱ䣬Ѿࡣ
ȻԼѾǽ׺ƿ߼£볬Խڶǿ߻кܳһξ롣
ξ룬׿

סַܵߴס˳ڣ˭ܴţǿ߸
ؾҲɳ롣
ַ壬뾡һа취磬ֻ˵ǡֺá
Ϲ˳ôַеűڲеĿɫҰףǵģǱ½Ķǿߡ
ޣҪӳ㣬ˣŭ
ߣʲôûй
࣬ˣ
˵ţͷ۾һм
ַ嵭ȻЦҲں
Լһ࣬һ١ַһϢҺܿǰԴޡ
΢΢˶۽ᶶ
ַ忴û㣬ԴĻһӱ֮У
ৣ
亹
һӱãʵԺԸ㣬ֲԽԽι̣ɱ
Ҫ˵
뵽⣬ǲңҲһ
ַȻʧЦûɣ˵ҺܿǰԴޣǺܿȥ
ʲôۣ˿鲼ŭӣҪ£ˮΪԼжʵԴô֪
ôַиǺ档
ϻ֪࣡Դ޵˸ǰ˳ѪǿıȱȽǣƾ㣿ߣ֪ν
ַЦô˵ҸȤˣ
쵰Ǻ죬һûëɣ
ַſҪǿͲηս
һ㶡
ַ£һǿսûУ̫ɱˣΪǿߡ
Ҹʱ䣬úɡ
԰գַתȥ



1647 ˭Ҳ㣬ʹ
ַ岢ż
Ը⳼ȻǺãԸҲûʲôϵԼƭʵȷʵ߰ǿֻǱӡʵ߰
߰һ⿪ֹȿǿڵԼǿ
ڽħ͸˵ˡ
ؾַһЦҵ
ţΪǵĳ⣬ֿؾκε伮ҵȻЦϣְ֮ǰһĨȥ
ַͷÿɷһЦõġ
Լ᲻֪ҵ˼˵˵Լ˳ǣǷֻһڶѡ
ֻνܱǧ֮⡣
Ǻ֮£ԼҲûʲôޣҵһҲ޷
лҵζ˵
̸һҵ뿪
Ϊ˳ǵݴս̫Ҫæ
ǰ֮ã´ֿɵáַҲǸ֮̾ǰĹѫ񲻾Ϊؾô;зֿռշѹؾ
࣬ؾƫڻ춴һ㣬ռ⣬Ϊƿߡ
ڵԼû̫ô޷ʵҲ޷ǿս
ĵ伮вô
ô˵½ҲôԪ˵֤˥ź֮ģַܿ伮¥Уڶ伮
ȤģԴޣҲд޵ѶϢ
伮мصȷʵܷḻֹħ壬½ԭƩʥ壬ȺĴڣֻʱţȻ𼣡
壬̫ǿơ
½ԪȻԾԾ˵ķλĿռԪطʮء
ͬĵͲͬǿߣ˵棬Ϊ½˵˵Ľ
ǵ츳ᷢӡ
ִĞe壬ΪeӵĴڲŵԱһϯ֮أ࣬ȫ棬ǻۺӦǿϷʶһֱ浽ڡ
伮мصԴݻ̫١ַҡͷ
һܲƶϣ޾ҲȷʵвǿգԴޣȴ޵Ԩûг
һԿ϶ǿġ
Ƭ½ѵĵ
ÿͬǿʵҲǲַͬ籱½СƫƧʵǿҲֻǽ׺ƿߣҪΪƿߺѡ
ޣϴ޺ͬȫܳΪƿߡ
Ǟe壬вٶƿߡ
Դޣö˵
Ƕ޵ʮϡַüͷ΢أа²⣬ʵǿ󣬱ǸǿĻʲôǿߣ
ƿ޵У
֮
ֻߡ
ԽڶĴڣַ尵ݣ֪ܲ󣬱Ͼÿռ綼жصתƿأһеԽڶĴڣ̫˼
ռΣȺڶǿ
ô
ôܽԴ޾ͻܶࡣַҲڴΪʵҲΪԼĺģ֮ǿߵԼս
Լʵڶʱٴδ
ϾԼʣʱѾࡣ
11ԪƺʵԺƿ˵Ǻ̵ܶʱ䣬Ǻƿߵ̫ࡣ
ԼԴ޵յĻ̫١
һ棬ҲһֱϣѴ̽ʲôڷϢ
ַƳԶδȣԼԵúǿģϸüëչӰһƱ
ִ磡еغ
Ҳҵ伮ַ΢Цʵ
¶һЦ׵Ҽؿռĵ伮ִأ
㿴ַеĵ伮Żܡ
ۼ⿴˵伮ԭִԴ޵ϰ
ַţϧصĲ࣬ˣ֪һôǱô
šӦúɣĵ伮϶ûôࡣȵִ㲻ץһôͺˣ
ˡַ
ԼҲ֪Դ˽ѶϢ࣬˴ǵзѣôңǿϣȻԼҲûа취
СԴ΢΢һᣬЦִô½˭Ķְֱȥǲͺˣ˭Ҳ㣬ʹ
ַһ
֣˵û
Լܼôʲô޵Լǲ𣬵½ǿֻǿԼɵʲô
̫࣬Լסˡ
Թ塣
лַȸмһЦ뿪
˷ʱ䣬̶ֱҿȥ



1648 Ѱ
˳С
ʦ֣мô˹
֣æµŵҵͣؾǵ伮¥ɣ
ûСʼ硣
ҵŶһЦǿܳȥ˰ɣֻ߱չˣǿ±ͳҵԤġ
ǰɡεָһء
лġҵֻҪ˳ǣҲʱô
ЦЦܵõָ㣬ҵʵܸһ¥ʦȼ硣
ҵҡͷұȼʲôãҪս߲ɵͲͣҪʦ£ѧϰȼǣôһ죬ʦ˲ˡ
ֱȼ磿ʦҰɣô̾ͿʦûСѾʵǱֹݡ
־¾ɣҪлġҵο
ϣɡЦЦҲֹۿʵ
˵䣬ʦЦݵ
ʦã㳣ڳܣм֣Ŀȥʵ
ִ磿ȻЦ
棿üһϲģ
ִ簡ڡӦ˰ɡﲻݣĿɿڴλʦ˵Ҫȥҿʵ¡
ȥأ
ҿ£
ҵˣⶼʲôʲôûɣ
ɣ
ȵİҽִȥء
㡭飿ҵǳ鶯
΢ԴȻǿֲִ֣ʲôִʵ½˭Ķְ
Ѳɣǻ˰ִץô
һЦҪôͲˡ
ҵ
ǰ
ֵʵ񡭡ǲں壬ʦ˵½󣬵ʲôطȥõģ
ܰѰ࿴
ܳ˱eصıeȥˣɣ
ǰʵҲʲôҵݸ

ԣַѵء
λڱ½ĵأǱ½㼯ԪؿռԾĵضΣһΪǿأҲǿأһ롣
£ؿտҲһǿ߶û
Ҳʮֱʱܼǿ߳ûʮֻԾ֣ȸ
ַ֪ΪԼ°ߵĹϵ
أȺס
һԼĿĲأǱԼץסٽûκ塣ֱǰҲأҿ
ַĳ֣ʱһƬ𶯡
˭
ࣿ
Ǹô
˳һսַ½
ֹ˳ǿʶμסµǿߣս˴ˣ
࣬δй
ৣ꣡
һٴУһ𣬽Ŷµַ壬нٸˣÿһ˶еԼްȫУ·¶ŷһ㡣
һս˴̹ĵļ䣬Ժ֮С
̫ǿ
鷳ͨһ£ַ壬ַ岢δսϾ˼ҵĵ̣ȽϺá
ңԼ˷ν
Ҫǿɱ֪ˣԼʵû⣬˵ˣȫûҪ
㡭һͷ
öַĻΪַǴԡ
ǵģ鷳ַͨͷ
ͷһɵĿԵȡ䣬Щηĳɷݡ
յַ壬ЩµӺ̫̫ʹ
Ȼֻһˣÿ˶ţһˣԽؽ췭ظ
áַӦȻߡ
ĵȴ
֪϶ȿĹִȻָͬԣǿ߷׹ͨ
ȻһСͷ˱롣
ʮֵĹͷǰ·ַ棬ܿأϢתʮֿ϶ַ廹ǱȽԼԷһ
˭Ҳ֪һᷢʲôδѱȽϺá

һ·ƽ̹˳ûκ谭
ַƿţǰһϤӣԼĵһĨЦݣǿ
ַ壬֪ʲôˣӭӡ
¡ַ峤˵
ޣ
֪йԴ޵ѶϢַĿ⾼Ȼſ



1649 
ֵַܣƺַĵһҲ⣬ЦݵдһҲǳУδѡ
ַ˿һۣ漴¡
ңɫƽƺַûУټտյ͸һ˿ȤϢǰûڴȴһá
ʵҲµЦ
Ϊʲôַ档
΢ЦΪһԼ״
ַݸһЦû˻Լʵ̫ǿ
ͷڱ½ҳΪʵĿ΢΢Ǳھ򵽼ޣΨнԴ޲ϣ
Ϊʲôѡȥޣַ
ϴޣʣҪȥֻȥϴޣ岻ĵĹ涨
ַͺйڣ
㲻ϹڡȻܾԼʲôʱ㲻Ϊ˵ӣʡ
ַͷ
˵ɡ
ԣʲôܰģַԼͿ޹ϵѣЩԼȻĿġ
һػߡֱӵ
ػߣַ
½ǿȺԴϸĹ涨ֻлػ߲ܴԴ֮š
󣬿㽫ԭίһһʮ̵
ַܿס
ʵܼ򵥣ֻҪսﵽƿߣսػߣԴޡػ߲ˣԴ֮ŵ顣
Դ֮ŲŻῪ
ҺͿ֮ǰԹʧˡַ壺Ӧ֪ʵȲ˺֣ܶ࣬ػߵĸʺܴ󡣡
Ƕʲôôַ
ƺ׼㲻֪Դ޵һЩѶϢôҿԽ֪ȫ㣬һһʮް
ַ
ûҪƭԼԼǺ֮£ֻ
ȴҼôַ
˵
ʲôʵܿԴַʡ
ƿżһɿܣƿɿܣƿ۷壬˳ɿܣƿ޵Уųɾš
ַüͷ΢ء
ʣԼҪͺܶࡣ
Ҳ˵ԴǿǶƿ޵Уַ
ԡ֪Դδк֮˵ƿ޵У׶ȹʵ϶ƿ۷ֻҪ̫ܹ
أַʡ
3%ַһۣΣֹ㣬Ҳˡ
ַͷ
ԼͿ֣֪˴ʵԼսΪ׺ƿ߼£붥ƿżһ㡣
ǰҲֻǿƿż
ǿԴɹļҲֻһɡ
ҪԴޣʲôַʵ
Դ
ַһЦָӦûеڶַɡ
üͷһšЦ㲻ɣ
ַʼ磺Դ֮ţӦòֹʹðɡ
ô˵ûҿԴ룬ͨԴ֮Ʊػᱩ¶ݡ˼ãҡͷʱһ鷳
ǴҿǺˡַתȥ
ȵȣסַ壬¶֮ɫ
ַδתȻѡԴޣǲǱʵѾôҪΪٻ
Դ֮ÿֻܽһü
Ƚ֮Լٽַ
һ˿ԣػߵʵǽӽƿż
ԡַҵʱ䡣
ã
һ㡣
԰գַ岻ٶԣֱƿȥ

֪ģѾ֪
һԴ֮Ž룬ַԲԴϾΣʵ̫ܲܰϣϡ
ػôַ⡣
ԼͿܻĻԼͰҲһܡֻҲûҪôżĳԥȵ
Լģ
ԴкܶԶŵȺʥ壬壬ħ塣ַĵԿ˵к֮Ĵڡ
ƿʤڵʵкܴΣա
֮Ƚʵƿ
ٽҲ١
ַ巵˳ǡ
Լкܴռ䣬ˣûҪôż롣



1650 
ص˳ǣַĵ伮¥С
ϾǴ޾ԪĹȺĵ伮¥ĵ伮аַĵãؼȵȡ
ĳ
ǻûôȻҲûħôǿʺãƽƾǻ۽ӼޣԸǳ͡
ÿ壬иóĵط
ַǿķ磬еħˡ
ʵ츳൱Ѫ֮ƣ֮ɫ⣬쐻Ҳ൱֮ǿԴʯȳȻڡ
ƾڱeеĵλȨı˽ڶʱڽʵһ޴ĲΡ
츳뱸Ƿȱֻһ֮ء
򣬿Խؾ
Խe
ַİš
ڱǷˮüеԴ
ؾԪطǿeкܶƵʱؾܽʡԼܶʱ䡣ʱڲ˵ԽӽսƽӦûʲô⡣
ʱҲ˵׼ʶԼδͿӡ
Լ

ַܿ״̬
ؾ͵伮¥ܣ˷ؼ⣬˳ֳռ⣬ΪҪһѧϰмռǿĸ߼ռ⣬̫ѡ
£Ҫѭ򽥽
Ȼռս󣬵ǻԽʵԽι̣ԿռĸԽɣԽƿء
ѪкɫǺܲ۵Ĵڣȴʤ֮ƺͰ֮ơ
ֹսþ޴Ҳ°빦
Ϊ½⡣ַԼδŵģʦƿصĺУ֮δһġ
ռ̶ȣ
ңܴﵽ֮
һ򣬲ϵ
ţ½ǿȳڶĴڣϵջ𣬺ڶ̮½Ҳ
棬ܡ
ЩܣԴھܻô𰸡
ַڴ
һԼаȨı˽ӱeȡõĞe֮⣬ֹ֮졣
ڰϵĞe֮⣬eûУ֮ǰԼնٺɫȫϵУһȴû⡣
ħ
֮
ϵĿǰǣʵδﵽ׺ƿ߼£ַԪط൱֮죬㹻ǿ
ȫ̡
ÿһ򣬴εӸɱ꣬ʣɵ֏ɽУħҲԽԽǿ
ϵ򣬰ħĸսǿġ
Ͼ֏ɽ˱źܶǿķؼ֮󾡹С
ʱļ졣
һ֮꣬ȴﵽ
ڶ꣬ħ򣬹̴ﵽ
ģ꣬⻷֮Ҳ֮
һǧʱȫ֮⻹ӵe֮ԵʣԼһǧԪδܸ
֮
ϰħܹ֮ﵽ
˵ǰ޹ˣַԺͻ൱£ڹ֮һϵ輸ƵǵǷ켫
һ˵ѾǼޡΪԲܺӼԲһأһ죬ܶࡣ
ȻͬĲΡ
ԲǶľ
޷ǿ
ˡַҲ̰ģĸ͹ˣԲԼ̫ңԶ䵥罫֮ںϡ
ֻսĻںϸǿ
ɵһ׶εںϣܳԽַΪһ׶εںÿһιַսǳһһ֡
ڶ׶εںϣΪһ
һ׶ξѺܶࡣ
Ϊһ壬˵һ׶ΣɱԲ
е׶Σ㣬ӱǿƣһֽܵһʱܳԽԲ
˵еĽ׶Ρ
ַһЦ
Բǿսںϲֻںϱʱ䣬ҪԼںϸѡ
ںϵһ
Լںϵģ
Ѷȣֹʮ
ʱࡣַ뿪˳ǣµ˳ǲҪԼģȻǧȥ˻δ֣ԼĬల£ˮˮ
ڿţƢ
ǰe
гʱؾӻںϡ



1651 
eڴͳ£졣
ǧȥһϴǷ磬ָշ٣ȻǿȥϵȹȥĽǿһĞeǿߵ
ַϤ£ϵѳΪ׺ƿ߼´ڣ츳Ǳeǿߡ
׺ƿ߶⣬eȹȥĸ
׺ƿ֮ͨ
ԭeǱ䣬eԼǿԵմŻ췴ַ岻ͬeǿֻǲǿ
۷춴ҫʥס⻷֮
۷춴ѥ֮
۷춴տ֮

һһ۷춴ַ屾
Щǧռģйϵ۷춴e࣬ϵǣȻûһ׹ϵ۷춴ҲѾˡ
װװ
ַԲ
£ڽԴǰܵװԼսûЩ۷춴õԼԽڶΪֹˡ
۷춴Ҫġ
eеʱؾ˲ܸ⣬ԽУĶ伮ںϷȵȡ
ַ¹µǿ˵ѵء
ھᱱe֮óУνУޣ֮ĳɹ
˵ʱؾû
£
~~ΧһƬžİɫַȴϤֹûκβʣӦûñ״̬֮С

ϵء
ַͬ50%بؾóսıͬϵıó깥
۷춴磬ϵսס
ǧʱţȻ½еıûıȣϵһС
ַأûһǣĸչ˿ڡ
ԵƬ̣ʦܿһװ𲻱˸񣬱Ǹˣϲκλ춴һս
⺢Ӻ찡ٱһɫü
ͽܣùսĹھһԵȻ΢΢ʣһš
ѹ֡ٱȻǺЦȻʦͽ
ɲôʡ΢ЦǧԶߴ۹Ľǰսʥǿ߽ܶ飬񱣳ֲܽͽ
ٱƳһ򣺡㻹˼˵ʵԵȣ㣬ʲôˣ
ٺһЦƤҲǼ񣺡˵ģΪ֪ñɣΪΣ˸Ҫô
ٱҲû
츳ǱǿǰġһԵһ˿įַֹҲͬһġ
ܴͬҲ໹ڲͣ
˵䡪
˵Ҳ̫ˣʲôǰ󡣡ַЦ˳ִںĿƳЦѪ󣬲Ҳʥǿô
ԲĺԶ
ֻһ㡣ַǫһЦҲδĿͶٱӣʲôλˣ
ʥΪѣʶ͹ҲǺϤ
بؾպĸ£ţɹٱϤѱʽΪһιֻǷȱʶٱδλ֡
Ҳֻʱ⡣
¡ַ庮Ѻɫ
šַͷ
飬ȻС顣
øʸ˵ɡԥ£˵
ַŶһĿٱڵû˳ʱİˣŭЩ飬һŮϥ£״ˡ
ʵҲʲô¡ٱˬһЦιҪһǶ͵۹Ĵ
ַһȻʧЦܳ
ٱӢ۳꣬¼ڶ͵۹Ѵ飬بؾеʷ˽ֵ
ʹˣԴҲ⣬ԶˣԶˡ
ַΪ֮һЦ
ٱ˶٣ʵҲ㲻ͻȻڶ˥ڣϵֻʣ11Ԫ֮Ӧ
ַͷ
ΪˣԼ޷˵Ľ½
ǧı仯۲죬ǲŷ֣ܲġôֹۡٱЦЦ
ޣַƤһüôֹۣǶã
ٱһָ1Ԫ



1652 1Ԫ
1Ԫ
ַ屻һ
֮ǰ11Ԫȣֹʮʱ䣬üޣԭкܳһʱ·ͻȻѿҪյ㡣
ɡַɫˡ
Ҳ֪ɹٱϰ˾Ųʮ
ߴ۹ѾȷˡٱԵúܵƺ뿪ǺЦʵ1Ԫ11ԪҲ˶١
ַ˼
ٱ˵10Ԫȷʵ㲻ʲôԼ˵ȫͬ
ԼͿҪԴޣ½صĺĵشȫл11ԪͻƣûɻᣬҲһɡ
ֻʣ1Ԫ
ʲô
һ꣬Ժƿ˵ֻǵָһ˲ԼʱؾֹꡣԴޣһʲôܸıʲô
ĳȵס
ַԲԼϵȫӦڡ͵۹أ
ߣۼԼļʹָо˸һ
ַüǳ
û°ɣ֣ʵ
û¡ַҡҡͷֻ̾Ϣ̫ͻȻеֲͻϢԼԭźõļƻȫҡ
ʵҲûʲôʼգ֪㳣֡ٱٲȻǿ˺ܶණ
һԵ䶯£Ƕַ˵ʾߡ
ַԾС
ϵķϵ춴٣͵۹ϾϺŵǿ۹Ϊٱ˵һʮﶼõó֡
Ҫ뿪ϵ棬׾١
Ƭسģҵļҡٱ˫޳ֻ̣оһѾ㣬ǣҡ
ߣ;棬ҲֻǶۡ
ٱԳЦЦƬҵĹĺһߣ˵õĹޣĽ֡
ַٱ
ѣ˵ĻڵľԼȫܸܵõ
ȻԼܲǺܶȴ֪Ѿ͸͸һУ͸ϲԲŻľ
ÿ˶иԵѡνûֻгȻԡ
Լġ

ͻϢַļƻ
Ⲣû٣ǼٵСַֽȵѹ³ɳġ
ѹ߸ǿֻǿ
ڱޣַ񲻽㹻ȨгԴ
壬²ѽĵ̺ȫ̲񱱴ǿʾǿͳˣַ尵Ǻϵ
壬˳ΪȨԺյַ壬ٲȻǳΪµ˳֮
ַĹϵܸӣһҪַػ˳ǣһַʵηѣַӢۣǺȫΪС
һӣҲҵַ塣
ڱeӸ˵ȫַ塣
˵µıַ̫ϻʰĴڣҪ÷磬Ҫꡣ
ֻǱޡ
ĴƫƧĵһ򣬱޷Ϊıޣûıȣ½صġԴޡ֮
ַĿ꣬ȷ
ǰԴޣ
ֻн봫˵оԴޣпϵ
۷춴Ѿȫգϰռʮֹ㡯ˡʱؾַķǧʱ䣬˹ϵ۷춴
սһΡ
ȹϵĻ춴ռջѺܶ࣬Ŀռ츳࣬кɫУϵĹ֮Ѫûıȡ
ǧꡣ
ʮֹĵڶءַʮֹ㣬һعڶؿƣʮֹ;䡣
ȻԼиõĿռԼĿռ츳ίʵ̫ǿ
ʺԼģõġ
ʱؾַٴꡣ
ؾãַܶԲںؾĵһֱʱõؾˡ
ʶʱؾ꣬Ҫ뿪һӡ
ҵʵൽ׺ƿߵĶˡַȻʵûʲô仯һװȴˣս޴
ԼҪɱ׾١
Ȱǲһ㡣ַ岢Ǻ⣬Ϊţһٽʱؾ󣬱սᳬԽ׺ƿߣΪ
ƿߣ
ԴޣƿߵʵǡƱнݾߣʵԴҲǰװһַ
ʱԽգԽҪϸµİţ
ţշ˳ǵַ壬΢΢һ
ˣң



1653 
ţöˣִ硣΢Ц
ôַૡ
Լָ٫ǻշѹռؾڰֲѾˣԼ˳ǰ˼ңҪٶزأ¡
ǣԼ˾ǱeӵЩe塣
Լ
һ㲻ᣬϵ֪ͨˡַȣǰңټĹű£һȴʯλԡ
ǰȻһƬַ۾ţָƽ
һӣɫаӰŶħϢģǺԼһϵǿߡ
۹ʥ24λࡣ
ͷʥһڱ齨ˣŽϵ֮࣬ӣʨʥһġ
֮ǰΪ٫йһЩСĦͲ졣
ڳ֣ԼѾˡ
ֵܺþòǵô¶Цݵ˵ʥ¾ʥһ˵ȽַΪӡ
ַʾ£Цͷ
ǿͣοֲЦˣԼЩڣһͺɱϾԼгĽʨʥѳΪԼū֮ͣ䲻
ֵܿ˲ðס˳ڳǡĿɨ価ۣ⣬ǿ߸
ַһЦŵͷҲ
£ԵЩΣٿض˵ͷɫһ漴ȭף֮ǰҵȶеֵܴ˲С˹
ֵܶʥ¾ʥһ˵ȽǸ
ַ忴һۣ׼֣ؾǰˡ
мֵǴؽǳܱȣޣʵΪұģҵϵĶΪֵܸеɡ
ˣάĻͲ˵ˡַĿɨˣԩ˽ⲻ˽ᣬ˵ҶϵʲôҪҰæֱ˵ɡ
˫ʱ
ϵ˳
ȫûô˳ԭΪᱻַһ䣬裬Ҳַ˺˵Ե֮ǰ̫ݡ
ˮתҲû뵽һ۵СһѹΪһѽΡ
ﲻãֱܲ
ֵ֪ܡɷҵȽؾԥһѫ䲼ãɵǿ޼ǽ߾ȫõҲ롣
ѡ
ؾǿ㱱޵ĸ
춴ǿ߽룬ųɶͻƳΪƿߡ
ַ
˽һ㶡

ٿأǿЦѡ
԰˵ѱȵһ£ַ˵׾٣ֻҪһܾ뵽⣬޲Ǹ̾
Ҷϵ
ǵʵʱַ廹ǿܶ࣬ڡ
ѾȫΡ
ַɫƽˣ᲻֪룬Щϵǿߣ޲ϵеĳȻҲبؾ
½ȴǾٲά裬档
¸ǱԼȫԽ鶨Ȼӡ
˳ǿоʯݣַ
мС
˳ǵľʯ̫Ǹͨ񻪾ʯʮ𣬻мУϲεŢˮݸˣ۰ģûһʸûС
ַͷ
ɣҸһ꾧ݣŢˮݣǰ˸˸պã˳ǰɡ
Ţˮݣ
һߵȼ꾧ݣ
۾͹ˣûɣǿ꾧ݣ֮ǿƿ߶ƻ˳ǽ32ӵһ嶥ǿߣǵλ
ڣֱ͸ǣ
⣬ҸÿģҪҡַǴסȻˣһ䣺ô
֮ǰ˳һսԼ׬˺ܶģÿģܹǧֻǾţһë
˵Ӧúܾá
ˣ˳˵ͷǲ֪˵Щʲô
⡭ַ˸ȴǽ˵ȫﲻݣһɴ۾ַ壬ȫϢ
У
һշѹռؾʱҲԽַ嵹ǺںЩǿԷģ֪ν
οڵʵûϵˡ
ʱֻ뵽ЩʲôҪҰæôַ嵭Ȼ΢Ц
ң㣬𾪡м¶漴Ϲ๰ֵֵܴʴ壬ҵû
֮ǰΪҵʵֵ֣ҪõǵģȮ֮ͣ
ɫȻԷθ
ַΪǳ׵ؽ۷
Ĵ



1654 ٻշѹռؾ
˳ǣ꾧ݡ
˻һãʵһ꾧ݾ͹ǰ˸סˣ൱֮߸ޱȺŶصң
ʥ̾
̾Ϣ롣
½ĥ´ãƾϵдƴľ飬Ӧÿһ̶ޱȼ֮ǰʮ˵Ķ飬ֻʣǰ˸
̬ůǼˣַǰӰǵġ
̫١
Ǹңûֵܶ֡ʥ
ǰûʲôʵжЦŵ˵ͷκַãõǡ
˴˷ͻַ岻ɱѾңôǰ
ʨ¾ʥ
˽֣ȫվַһߡ
׸ƣ֮顣
ˣǰ¾͵ණһѲɫȻַɽԺ˳Ǿк̨ηηһһ룬ǧȥ¡
İɣ֪ôʥ
ʥ˫־Ҫȡ׷ֵַܣ
ûϵǱҪ½Ķֻ࣬ãôõֻҪŬ׷ֵַܣҲһվ½ۣ֮
ԣ
˵ĺã
ϵǿģ
Ĺ裬ַڣ˳־
Ŀ꣬ǰж

ַ岢֪ô룬Ҳνô롣
о仰û˵ǵղûַ嶯֣Ҫ֣ȫһˣַٴҲʹͻ
˾һߣҾһɡ
źˣַַһ˰ֲ䣬һѣ͵͵ͰһʲƵģ֮ǰշѹռؾ
Ƭ޵类ŨĿռΧ޴շѹ֮
ĿռؾԽԽ£շѹԽǿ°빦ԼھǧŰλǱʮ꣬ռδ򣬵ռĴĺɫɱ䡣
һΣֻ뵽ףǼޡַܿ룬£;иǼѣ٫ͳˡ
Ȼǧ֮ãǲδı̫ࡣ
ͳʵǿСǅף٫ֹԽ壬ͳ׵λã
ܾˡ
ǧ٫ס
δַǰ롣
ɡûһַѿһһʱһλûѹȴǷ絭塣
ǿǿѪǿ
װҲǿˡ
ÿһ涼ַ壬½ÿһڵ㣬׵ף׵ףֱʮʱŸоһ˿ѹ
ʮס
ʮס
ʮס

ʮףַ촽Ŀ䡣Ϊռշѹؾֻͨмռؾڿͨ
ʮ׵λãף
Լѿﵽޡ
кܳ·ַ֪˵ǻۣԽԽԼǳռշѹؾҲһԽԽܷؾͲơ
˵λѹѾ󡣡ַüͷ΢ء
ԼڵλãǿҲܲסǴﵽƿߵĳ
»
ƿߣ˾ͷ
ܡֱַӷؾΪĺۼҲ˵ֻҪʵ㹻һܵôߡ
һǿĿռշѹ˷ѹ塣
ҫʥɢ⻷ɫſռַܱ־Եƽ⣬ϸ˼Ŀɨٿء
ַȻ
ǿռշѹؾȻҪռշѹ⣡
ռշѹ⣬һ˿ܵ࣬룬ǿķӲ
ַ٫
СλѳףȻǿӲһ˿ռշѹ⡣
ɡַ岻żʱؾʱɣʱؾãòС
ȿмռ⣬ɫиմռ
һã
֮ǰؾѸٳռ⣬ʮֹǰأ㹻ʵԸмռˡַʮ׵λ
Ȼѹ󣬵ֻҪܸɣЧѵģ
ɫйȸԾޱȣֻѪ֮밵֮Ƶٽ磬ԶԶƵǿƣͬͨѪ
ɫɱ׶Ρַڴ



1655 շѹռ⣬
֣շѹĸһ㣿еͳһѾǧ꣬һʼǧ겢ûио⼸ʮһһоԡ
ȻֻǼһ㣬ʮҲɡ
Ȼɡͳ޷ͣҲı䲻ʲôǳ׵٫ȭŬ׷ϡ
һƿߣһ춴೬ˣԿ
ˣҾͿһ˿շѹ⣡ͳԵľһʱ䣬٫룬ֱڽһξ롣
ò˶ãͳ֪һȫϳ٫
Ϊ
ֻһ˿һ֣мռշѹҲȳռǿ
ֵַҲֻǵλãҺܱܿǿĵͳȻ֪ҪԽ׷ϵˣ뵽ʮ׵λá
һ죬һء
һʮ꣬ȻʮռƺڼͳǸһ˿շѹ⣬ÿռ䷨ϡ
츳Ψбȱ˸Ŭ
ܺãͳϲʤƾŶշѹĸѸؾС
٫
һףһǧףһǧף
ף
ͳԭԼľһҪ࣬ȫＫ¸ɣȴط֣ԭһǧλõ٫ȻӰ
ǰȥԼܼģŮӱӰȴԶ׿⡣
ɣͳЩȻ漴̾һЦѡ
ʵ
ڽ٫ͬڽϵŮ츳൱֮ǿͬǺƿߣ㡣
ͷȥ֮£ǅЩžͲԶˡ
ԼҲʧɫ
룬ҳֵַܵյļ¼ˡͳΨҿο૵þûˣ֪ôˣ
ţҲչһǧˣûȥˡ
ͳؾ뿪
ǲ֪棬ʶġֵַܡȻΪ޶ʢĴ

շѹռ⣬мռ⡣
٫꣬һ˿⣬ͳǧ꣬һ˿⣬ַķ꣬һ˿⣬¹֮ǰȻͬ
⼸ʮַĲһ˿շѹռ⣬ǡ
ȫ
Ψˣ̶ȵռշѹؾ
ʮ֮꣬ǰַ꣬ռշѹѽ֮꣬ǰһ˿򡮲֡ȫкܳʱ䡣
ظַδκи
¿ΪʵҪĿǺɫУպɫо㹻ռɱڶ׶Ρ
ŵ׶ν
~~ɫн仯еԽԽǿƺ˹һͯɳˣĸǿ졣
һС֣
ɱ䣬ȴַѹࡣ
룡ַ֪Լ״ʮײڵļޣʮշѹռؾһС֣ܶࡣ
ʮף
ʮף
ַͣʮ׵λãＫޡ
ţո죬ǿˡַۣظţΧѹ󣬵ռȡ
ܿ죬ٴθ
긴һַ꣬
Ӳֵһ룬һ룬ѽӽȫʱȥһʮ꣬ɫҲǽӽ磬ͻƲԶ
ڣ϶ܸһ̨סַԼġ
һ·˳
Ȼڽؾĵһٰʮʱȫмռ⣬̤µĲΣĿռΧռ䷨ĸԾ
ռ츳١
ãַ⣬ʮֹĵҲһصƺЩ
δ̫ãмռ⡮շѹ󣬺ܿԱ֮֮ԿռշѹӦؾѹǧס
֮ǰ̤ʮ׾룬Ѹٵشʮ룬ʮ롣
ֱ룡
ַܵġ
һΣԼһߵͷ
ѹǿַеĶ־ȴĸ߰ȫͷŸշѹռ⣬ƿԽԽǿҲԽԽ
ʮף
ʮף
ʮף
ǰ棡ַҧأһһӡǰУΧ޾շѹռѹƾգϵҫʥףڳܷΧ
΢΢ַǿؾĵײһƬ׹ʲô
ǡַ٣ٶȲ˷ǿĶ־֧壬ٿرһҫɢһĹ⻷
ѹȻٴμᣡ
~
ֱַȡǰͷڣ貹âֵĵ
ֿɼ



1656 ռʵ
ǰһ
貹â£һ֦ҶòַȫԤ벻
ءַ崩ɫӹ⣬ѹʱһᣬһЦ˱ǵĹ㣬ַС׸ߣɫɣŽ͸֦
֦ϣĽŹʵ͸ɫƺָһͻơ
ؾľͷصһС
ȫϡ
ޣַժһţɫȥ룬˳ɵĹʵΪ͸ɫʣŨĿռ̲ССĹʵ֮Уַ˫
ʣعʵ
ңعʵ̲صĿռൽ
ޱȵľ
žеعʵֱʳǣַҲʱ󣬹ʵһǣӿĿռֱӱעȫɢ֫
Ƥ࣬ϸÿһֶſռ
~
ֱǡ
Դһ䣬͸ĵƬռͺһǰַ岻ԾִȫϢסʯ
ԭȣԼΪ͸عʵֻǲռǿɫС
ˣ
ռعʵռ츳ַ𾪲ѣԼĿռ츳ϵһָȣĺܶࡣ
Ȼ½һţ
һ͸ɫĿռعʵͽԼĿռ츳һ̨ף
ңԼֻһС֣
öַϲǱǰҪĹʵϷʮ߿Źʵַԥȫժ£ǿؾռժͺͺġ
˼ˡ
ַǸһЦ漴󳷡
ûǫõٶ඼ù⡣
ŹʵժȡȵշѹռٴϮҫʥһּ⻷ַѸٵغˣذʮ׾ڡ
ȫûиǵģӦ
ʮ߿ռ츳ʵ
գ
׬ˡַռʵȶδյڶţһŵгųɾŵĲûô졣
Ͼ
ãַʮ⡣
ռ츳ʣֹսйأͻɻȱġ츳ޣռʲ㣬ռʵȫͬ
ٶգ
ַ塮ݳޡʳһһţ͸ɫĹʵ͸ɫռԽ󣬿ռ侫Խ࣬ɫԽ࣬ռ侫Ծˡ
ʵһʵȵ⡣
Ȼÿռʱ൱֮
ڣѾȫǿˡַ岻ϵգռ츳ߣԿռպ°빦ʮֹػշֻҪһʱãȫƿء
֪ǿߵĿռ츳жߡ
ϣгһܳԽǡ
һһꡣ
ַĿռ츳ﵽ͡
ǼޣռʵЧ࣬㹻
ؾĵڶꡣ
ˣˣڹ֮밵֮ƽĺɫУǿҵš
Ŀռ޾ϣϣ
۵ʱڶݣǿµĺɫУµģʹÿռ츳һδԾ
ɫУ׶Σ
~~~ַźɫбעȫ֮ǰյռʵΪһ壬ȫµıѸ
~~
ڼһ֣֮ȥ䡣
ַ˫ͫңɨշѹռؾÿһĿռ򣬶ǰĿռ֮
֣
ÿһշѹռĲܡ
жַУǰУʮʱȻпռƿ֮С
ȫµĿռ츳ôַܿؾͷ
շѹǿȻ࣬ȫӣɫеռʵķʳշѹ򣬶̶ɱ޴
ռ츳Ѳѷɫκһǿߡ
ܸǿ
ռʵ߿ţַоȱ𣬰ʵҪռʵΪĿռ츳ʵǲҲ̶á
ȻǺͱȡ
һ˵츳һϣǿ츳Ǵظ֪ʵҲΪռ
߿ռʵһ缲Ըơ
ջ磡
ˣٽһʱؾͿǰԴˡַ⣬Լڵʵ֮ǰֽ࣬ʱǰԴˡ
̶1ԪҪ漣ֻԴ޲пܣ
½ĳǿߡ
½ģ



1657 ˳
ַ巵ʱؾ
ΨбeӲеһֻأֻȥʮ죬֮ǰᱱe֮λʱǳΪеء
һأʮ֡
ڶأʮ
أʮ
ΪĿռʮֹȫǿ󣬲Ҫؾ£ǿ߶һǵʮϼѡ
֮ǰַǧȻ
¡
ԭô򵥡ȫɱַ壬Կռĸ˿ѷǿߣտռɡ
ֹˣһʮֺ͵ڶʮࡣ

˵ʱؾըǿҵĿռѹַ̮̱֣ʮֹʱٻصС

Ӧûǿһ㣡
Լɫеıռƿԭʮֹ֮ϣʮӦûϡ
ַܿͶУϵʮֹ
ڱʹʮֹ㣬֮ǰɫһأԸռܶһء
ԴޣȺУֻǶԸ塣
ʮֹãͻὥ͹ԡ

ķѰʱ䣬ַ彫ʮһ
꣬һ
ǧ꣬ʮ屶
ˡַ岻˷ʱʮֹϣﱾм޵ģ䲻һļޣҲ˶٣Ҫǡ
ԼĿǰѾӵ޶ˡ
һ
ںϣ
֮ںϣһ׶εںϾܳԽڶ׶εںһ֮ĴԲ
е׶κʹ˵еĵĽ׶Ρ
ԽԽѡ
ںǴ
ȻҪڶ׶ΣԲӼԲԶûô򵥣ԲǶԷľҪﵽ⣬ԵҲҪ
ںϲҪ
뵽ڶ׶Σȫģ
ңȫ֮ﵽԲ֮ǰںϵľ顭ǿͿ¡ַĿŵ൱֮Զ
ԲǼ¡
ԽԲԼ׷ģ

ء
һͳأȨ˵ױޡ
ֻǱ޶ѡ
磬ʵԼϴޣΪһԱڱ޽ҵȻںʡ
ҷѣ֪ʵֶΡ
ֲڴˣʶַͬ壬ҪͨԴ֮ţԴޣ۽ܻáɡǯںʡ
μλˡ
޵˼𾪷Ƿǵġ񣡣
˸߾ף֮䣬Ϊ͸ɫŰɫϾͿһģһ
ͬǣ˲ֻԳ򣬶С
ĶԳ
˳ˣѪǿߵ
ǲʣǵĵĶԳҲ̬ᣬ磬˲ǿΪ˳ˣǿʸսʿ
Ƕƿߣ˶ѣ޷ʵ
˱֮Ϊ˳ʡ
֮Ҫǿࡣ
ϣ棬㿴ú󰡡˳ءĴ߶Ǹòڣһģа
ЦЦݡ
ĸЦ㰡ذ˳˵˿ңڣɱȸǼˣǣʲǲǲ
Ц
ˣأ˵ϻһ˳ӡϣ棬ʽ£Ϊγٳٲ죡
а̾ѡ
ģˡ
ǰѴҪϧһд̤ƽ˳ǣԼ֪Լ£Ըˮֻʱ䣬ʱԴĻǡ
û뵽ʾ˰˳
һģ
λ˼ЦҲǲֻǧǰս϶ǸĶ֣ᰱץǿӻ˵ǣ͵
ʲôЦôذ˳м
ƭλˣǧȷ̾һ֮ɫ
Ӱ˳üͷšҲҺߣ֮²ֹϣѷزƽ˳ǣϾ·
ʻ棡
ľľ֪ƾǿЦġ
ڣ㲻Ҫô࣬¡˴׼˳ǡӰ˳ɫȻǸ࣬ػֽ
ǣˡĸҲӡ
˳һмЦں
һ࣬ʲôֵôСֵġ



1658 һ׶ں
֮һ׶ںϡ
׶βգֻյĶͨĵӣԹ֮Դ֮򵥵һ
ͨһ֮ӣַ֮ĵӾ;ˡ
ֱӽ
ַĹ֮츳ûж̰壬һ֮ҲǾˣϾӵй֮ѪԷǵУѪ֮ǿԽԽǿơ
Ѫ
~~~һ֮ڼ֣ѹס˰֮ƣ⻷֮֮֮
ÿһ໥ӣȴ໥ڡ
ÿںһأͻһء
һ׶εںϣһһڶḶ́һӵַԼںϵѶȣ֮ںϼ򵥣ֻ迼ء
֮ǵģԶԶֹ
֮֮ںϣںϵ֮ʱҪǵĲǹ֮֮֮͹֮ҪںϷı仯
ټ֮͸ˡ
һÿֵĿԶɹӣ֮ںϵĿԡַ忼ãѡһ鷳ķ
Ϊؼڡ
ܸȫںϵһ׶ΣԼĿ겢ֻǵһ׶Σ»ҪʵǰȻѵʱ䣬߻ʡܶࡣ

޹ɽ
ַ忪ʼ˼ѵĴӣͬǹ֮й֮ý飬Ǻ˳ģڵӵĹУÿһ֮Ҳ͸
취ؼǺҪһ㡣
ÿ֮صġ
֮ǹ֮ԴӣȻԲͬ;ͬ飬ǹ֮һ˷ںϵӾࡣ
ͬΪ֮ںϷ㣬Ҫǹ֮Ͱ֮ںϣôַͷһҡҡͷ
ȫҲκιͨ㣬໥ų⡣
ںϣĿǰԼȫûпܴڵģԼۼ桯ģ֮Ͱ֮ϣҺǿ
ԶͬϵҪǿĶ࣡
ڵң۽绹ǸֶԶַھֻܿڴС죬˾ܿһƬ죬Ƭ硣
ʵͼʶ֮ںϵľ飬Լҵ
൱ķʱ
ַȵӵóĹ֮֮ɺķѰ֮òųɹ¿ͷѣ֮⻷֮֮ҫ֮֮ķѶ١
ȫ໥ӣѾȥǧꡣ
⻹й֮ƵԵʣȻѼʮʱ䶼ӵй֮ƣ֮Դһ籾Դ
й໥ӵľ飬ÿ֮ĸ໥ٶȾͼӿһ㡣
ͬǽǧʱ䡣
ĸ໥ӣ໥ӡ
ַ岻䷳ÿһֿܣеӿȫԣķѵʱ൱֮޴󣬵ջҲޱȷʢ
κεĸŬ׷ѵġ
ʱؾһ꣡
һԡʱʣ޼ַȷţһֵ֮ں϶ܸʱڳɹǰǧ޴ĳɹš
ڵ֮ȫһκ̨ס
ͬӾһƬµա
~ַſ֣һӿâĹͬո߹ңȻֻССһ򣬵ȴȫֹ֮
ÿһֹ֮Դ໥棬ûκγͻάסһȴָӵƽ⡣
ںϺܼ򵥣ֹ֮Դںȴܸӡ
䣡
ֱӺǰȻըⵯը񱩾ˣַĿǰɫƽЩԤ֮С
ˮɡ
ҪǿһЩһӵʮһЩ֮Դͨϣǹ֮һϵȫԴԤҪǿһ
ʮڼ
ַ⡣
һ׶ξд˳ɹڶ׶ںϣԲҿܳԽԲһεޣսһΡ
ȫµĲΣ
ǹ֮ԴںϣƷӵ쾡¡
׷ϰˡַ뿪ʱؾսţڵԼѾһʵԴޣӭµս
ȥ漣
һлģַ尵ͷ
Լʼţ޾֮·

˳ǡ
ûңַ֪鷢ҵΪ׵һȺǿԼļ⣬ȵ˼Լֻ۾ڷ⣬·𿴵ϣ
̿֡¡Σš
ֱ飬ڸǿߵϡ
ʲô¡ַѲµ߰˷֡
壬ˡҵͳһɽȻѹ¡



1659 ɣ
壬ˣ
ַϢҲһԼ֪Ըô޴£ԼҲ֪ӮԼ
ҵ֮䣬ſڿӣȷ¡
ʲô
϶ַ֪оţ˲Ҫģ漴㷵ؼУ߰ͽħſıߣΪ֮ȴӲͷһ顪
в
ֳˡַվڿǰߣӴڵϣû֮ǰ緢
ৣ
۾Цһ
û뵽ϵôã߾ȫҪ㡣ַ
һߣͲĻôġ
ַһشſԼͨ籨ľȱ֣ǿصܲ͸磬ôȥѶţ
ЦĲм޴࣬㲻ΪҺͿɣ
ʰ
ʾеڶ˻ʵĳ֣
ץסиƨãʵǿĶǣû´Ŀ϶ǰ˳ƿʵİ˳Ҫɱ練ƣ
ɣ࣬
޼ɵЦ
ĳ鼫ѣַ徲ؿţʱ֪ΪҲϳԼһȻ⣬һ桪
϶֪ʻٴɴ˳ǣ
Ȼַĵ
ǺһԱʼ˳ǶţԼ֪ġȻϲˣֻһֿܡ
˳ôַ΢Ȼһ
Լ֪Ѿ֪ٿһַۣת뿪ʱؾ꣬ںϵһ׶ι֮Լ֡
ĺã
Ƕ޷ܣôԴޡַɫȻ

ӿޱȽš
˳ǵû뵽ǧĺƽִ˵ƭ˵ģϾ⡣
һΣ˳еԾͺ˺ܶࡣ
ΪַĴڡ
ʲô˻ʣ
ǣ˻ڣٶҲܽǴƨ
ϴӮһӮֻҪ־ɳǣЭ˻ʴ£ͬս޲ʤ
˳Уǿ߱ǿҵĶ־
ãǺҪġ
ڵһ˳Ǳսַ㱻ڡ˻ʡĳƺţΪǿŷ羴⣬֮ϡ
Σ٣ǵһ뵽ٲ壬˻ʡ
ַ壡
һǿ߻ۣβҪҵʿʿ߰ųǽϸ߸վǸڼ꣬ͫޱȡ
˻ʴ£Ǿʧܣ
־ľս൱ǿġ
ҵĵ¶ЦݣȻܵģʱյٷӣһ˳ǱսĳɹżȻ
ڣһûġҵԼַäĿġ


糾ޱߵٴϮ
һεư粻ͬһ˴Щ谭иɵηȴǧǰһɼ£µʿȫ෴
Ψһͬǣһ˴жԱ
˳ӣء
ʾѪǿгĶԳǣʵڽ׺ƿǿ֮ϣΪƿߣ붥żһξ롣
ڽ׺ƿ붥ƿ֮ս
Ӧûƭǡ˳ӳ
ޣô˵˳
˳Ŀɨ˴ǰУ״̬֪ϴ޵˴κʱսʮ㣬ʿǣ޿赲ģ㿴֧˴
˳صͷе
˳ӵݿ˵ǿʵΪ׺ƿ߼£ʵȿһ㣬Ӧǽ۷塣
˳ض˶ԴĶᣬһЦģұݡ
˳ӵͷ
֪ôģЩԤС
ˣҲޣڱҪƿߣ̫ѡ˳ǧнͻƽ׺ƿߡ
սΪƿߣҲǵĶ֡
Ѿ
˳ϸ˼漴
ôһսʮþȡ
Ҿܻ㹻뿪ϴޣԴˡ˳ɫȻдŨŨΡ



1660 ˣ
˴ٳ¡
ֵĲԸдС̣ҲҹȻΥʵּ˳˳ǡ
ַһҽԴֲ֪Ҫһˡ̾Ϣ
ҲСˣȥͻƵĿܶûˣվԲϣַڰ˳£
ô
һսɱ練ơַ֪ʵͬһΡ
Ҫƴɱ¹˭ֻ˵һ
ǽ׺ƿ߲Σ˳ȴʵʵĶƿ߲Σ
εĲ죬̫޴
˳Ǳ޿ɱ⣬ϣӳɣҪô޴

ڳǽ֮ϣַңԶ
նӴڸǣƺƵ飬Զɱȣ½޿赲İ
ˡַһ
˲Ǹ֪ǿϢҪǿࡣ
ԣǡ˳Ϣ
ġַüͷ΢šɫأа׹һȫµ۷춴ս
ա
ͬΪ۷춴ձڪzϻ굶ǿôһ㣬ĿǰԼܻõ۷춴սǿһѡ
һ㣬Ҳһ㡣
սôһۻȥġ
Ҫǣڪzϻ굶ǰϵսԼĿǰԹϵԴΪսЩ룬ʩչϵԴһ֣ȴǿһ֡
ңսһص㡪
ûԡ
ʵδǿ˵ӵսǿܷӳսܣַεǿ˵ûԲõԡ
Ϊ֮
һѡںϵսֻһ
ս档
ŹϵԴǿսǿâ¶һǿǿսڵַ˵ϡ
ӵսսϣ
պáַս߰սȫѪҺڷڣһսԼԴǰһս
߾ȫ
أ
ƽһףĿ֮£һƬȻУַ徹˴ǰֱ˴֮Уȫ˴İ硣
ָоһСʯͷͶ󺣣Աޱȵǿҡ
ַ岢Сʯͷǹâɵգ
Ȼ󺣣ûǻὫƬ
䣡ַһֱĹӿŹ֮Դıս淢ӵ쾡¡
ոǣ貣֮׹֣˲˴кı

âĿޱȣ˴
һιɱ˴ǧַԾʵɱУһ˫ͫ飬Ѫâл۵սǿᡣ
ĪУ
˴ѱɱˣµɱڵһ˳Ǵսһ֮ɱǻɢǿߣ
ˣ
־壬£ӣָ˴ӣһսַ˴һ˴ԭʣ޼ʿѹٽ㡣
෴ܹ裬ʿ硣
尡
ˣ˻ʣ
ɱЩªˣɱ
ۼַ޵̬˵Ĳһ£ɱҪκڻһƬƽ̹չս
ҪҪ
£ʿսֲһУһѼ⵶ش˴֮Уɱѹַͳ±˳Ѱս
ʱ䣬ɱ˴ǺʬҰ
䣡ַٴκɱճѪޱ˷ܣɹâ䣬ս¶ɣսȺڪzϻ굶й֮޲

ַ֮ûһ˸ҿ
ƬɱҵսϣγһƬյشʮֵĹءɱַ壬ҲɱУǾվ·ȴʲô
Ѿɣ˾档
˴ɱģɱǿҲȻʧأνɱһǧ˰٣±˴ʿٴ󣬵ȴһȼġ
˴༸ʮ
͵һ˳ǱսһҪӮⳡսؼڶսĽͷնɱô˴Ȼսܡ
ৣৣ
ǰУԱ˸ߴӰ֣ĶԳĶţɢǿϢ˫顣
˳
Ǹࣿ˳ۣ
ɡַգй֮һ֣Ϣʱǣղֻڵǿս
䣡
ûκεķϻֱַȡ˳ء
սȻ



1661 ³ǰ
ͨƿߣ׺ƿߣƿߡ
ʵǿռ䷨ĸεĲͬռܳΪͨƿߣмռ⣬ܳΪ׺ƿߣ߼ռ⡪
Ϊƿߡ
ֻǶԣȺ˵ռ࣬ʵֻҪտռǺƿߣô򵥡
ʣµģʵ֡
ַ屾ʵֻǸмռ⡮շѹûãʵǽ׺ƿ߼ǿߣδ߼ռ⣬սƿߡ
岻ͬÿһƿߵˣض߼ռģ
ʸ辫ѪУΪѪڲ͸ĸ߼ռ⣬ȻȻͳΪƿߣҲΪѪ̫ǿԭѪ֮Ѵ
һ˫нͿôˡ
ÿһƿ˸߼ƿأǻʵġ
֪ذ˳ַĹмһˣͷһѰսٶȼ죬ռʩչ쾡£˷ĹͺһŴ׽
ַ徫Ŀһ
ԷʩչĲǸ߼⣬м⡣
ڹ˶սʱԼʩչռ⣬Ϊ³ǰ󸫣ڲͬˣȫɱĺɫУѴ׶Ρ
ԼĿռ츳˿ˡ
ɺȣ
µĶԲ˳ʣǿö࣬ĶһԼռ츳ǳ
ֱַʩչмռ⡪
շѹ
Ŀռ⣡
ذ˳ʩչĿռУ
ޣذ˳ۼַǰŪռм⣬Ц˻ǵһμô޴ࡣ
½˻඼ܰǴܡذ˳ַǵ͵ٵͣҪɱֱ練ơ
˵ȫǴСá
ַôҲǵɴ۾㵲ѣ˾Ǻذ˳һı飬׷׳ĲΨӰ˳üͷ΢΢𣬸оһ˿Ѱ
ٿأӰ˳ɴ۾ȡ
ʱΪʱַذ˳׵ضذ˳ԭı˲ʱĲҰףһǿԵȫշѹĿռ
ôܣذ˳ޱȣǿгǿֲշѹ
ҹ
Уذ˳ȫȻرĶųâַ幥ͬʱжȥǾ˿ռҧгݡ
ȻٿȻ䣬ǰһ޴ʮ֣ռȸղŸǿŨ
ռʮֹ㣡
ʮַ֡ĹƬռŤһɫʮȻŴÿһУһսذ˳֮ǰĹʮ
Ա֮֮
ַĹ죬ռܼʱץļѣذ˳δȣʱ˸ͷ
ŭΧĪһʮֽһ޴ÿһ߶ŨĿռСռǼС
Ƽ
ʮֹڶأʮ
ذ˳δüƣһ̩ɽ̮ۻѹһε֮ǰӶҪǿʮֹ
ִʮֹ㣬ַ·
㼯Ŀռκһ˶ҪǿɫмתַĿռ츳
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ַʵͻҷˡ
ôôǿĿռ츳Ӱ˳ľκһ֮£δһĿռ츳ǿ㣬ҲĪ
ȻмϣӰ˳֪ǰռ츳ֻܺˡ
ͿԩӰ˳ɫȻ
Ǳߣذ˳Ǳ˲ᡣ
һʱĴ⣬ĻᶼûУذ˳սˣѪѰַ˲֪ǧأȴı䲻˾ơ
ʵԭԶַ塣
£֮ûУַɨҶĹ£ƾռѽȫѹƣذ˳ս㹻ǿĲ
䣡
ԣһɱذ˳ǿʱĳ֡
ֱȡַ壬ޱ
侲ǵͫǿ׳죬ɣһֱԱ߹۲Ӱ˳Բذ˳ﱻɱ
ڿ϶ôַ岻ɷЦ
˳Լһţսǿ
ɾ޴Ĵ



1662 ò
ӿҵõϢһ֮ٴηǿΪ˳Ϊͳ졣
ֻҪǻɱΣԽ⡣
ַһֱ֣δɱذ˳ʵȫһ侲ǿİ˳񣬾ĮԼɱͬ顣
ֻҪԼɱ֣֡
ʶԼҪġĥ˳ĥûս֤ͬʱ־С
£ǳս
һһһԶܶࡣ
ʮַһֱǿƼذ˳֮Աʹ֮ûбΪˣƼһʩչɹԼԺǿ
Ȼذ˳Ҳռ߼ⶼ޷ʩչѲҰܡ
ð˳ԭӦܵҡ
ƣӰ˳Էǵ֮侲ڸղŵսеַ֪սʽѶϢذ˳Сַ塣
ǰ࣬ܰ
ȫǸࡣ
ȫԸӰ˳һ֣ȥַĿƼֹˣռһή£һռ˺ҧĴ˷
ƣ
ȻӰ˳ռ츳ַ壬ʩչȴǸǿĿռ⡣Ͼˣַ·ҵģÿռ䷨ơ
ַÿռսΣӰ˳
ڣвһȡ
ַҲûռӮ֣óĹ
óģǵ
գ
䣡սճ¶ɣŨַ֮¶һ㵭Ĺ󣬹֮ȫս֮С
ĵ磬˿̾չ
ܫ
꣡
ǿҵĵâ跢ӵ쾡£ȷַĵûȻǿӣǽ׺ƿ߼µΡ
仯ģǷ
ɵһ׶ںϵĹ֮ѳԽʮ֮ͨںϵĵһ׶ǿ˲֪٣֮ںϣ˸ǿս档
ַ幥ֱһ±ɢ޷
ǿӰ˳ɫأǰԤиǿ˫Ӱ˳ս˱ߵ
ֵĹеɵһ൱ǿĶ֡
Ȼͨࡣ
˻ʣһռ츳͵ǿᵽ࣬½ൽ׷ʲôʵǿ
Ӱ˳֮ݡ
ѹ¶ģҪв
ò
Ӱ˳һɺϣأôɺϣһǵڣȻֲˣɴһˡ
ڵ½Ļ壡
ҪȻeһ
˼ǧӰ˳ַѸٵ֣ʵذ˳ǿսҲ侲һ²ûиı䡣
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δʩչκλ춴ַ嶼ܻӰ˳ֻǿᣬ־͵Ķ֣ʵѷһҪӮҲǼ׵¡
һսҡ
˴ǿǣ𾪡
С֮ǰʵô־ϲߵģڲӪں
ʤûκκôַǿмİ
ַйԼԴ޲ǿ׷ġ
̫ˣ
ô˳ˣҲĶ֡
ǹ
˾ûпôˣٴսĿǰǿߵı̬ǿĻа㶷־
࣬սʤô
һɫսȫޣʵ΢֮䣬ƾѹƣƾ趷־ȥ֣ܶʵ
ģѱݲд
˻ʣ
˻̫ţˣ
ɱɱЩ֪ˣ˻ʣ˭˭

ʿǵǿߣԽԽǿֱɱǺ˲ֹһһεʤཨս޲ʤģΪ
˻ʣַ壡
䣡
һַشӰ˳
رʧӰ˳ʵȷʵѷɫַ壬ֵܼѾܲȥһ˲Ӱ˳˴ͬʱѸʩչռ⡣
~~
ռ˺һѷ죬Ӱ˳˲ʱû롣
ӵĺܿ죡
ַָ졣
~~
һɫֱ£Сǰ㽫Ӱ˳סūЦݣֱεĲ˿ռ֮
Ӱ˳ر˫ͫ
ˡ



1663 
˳
ַǿʵȫսգǿʿ磬ַļսݣɱɽ
෴Ǳԭʿɢ˳ͳ춼ʿήң˵˳ǰܱ
Ψһĵģֻǿˡ
һ¶ʹı飬һ̵˴ˣֿ˻ַʵȫ԰ͨԴ֮š
˶ãܽԴޡ
½ʲôϵ
һսǧǰһս졣
ʱϾ¶Ҫ˳ǣ˴ıսǲסһοǡơ˴޶־
ÿ죬ܵҲ졣
ûһȫȥصʬ׺ѪҺĺХӵΰ˻ַ塣
ţȫַǹ
ûκμʲޣǺһĵ壬ŷм
Ϊûַ壬û˳ǡ

壬
ʲô˳ǣҵһ˵Ƚס
ַͷĿɨ˳ΪıˣѴ̫ãΪж֮ǰû£˻սɽչֳʵɱġ
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ףִ㶼Ƕô
ַҡҡͷӮҲֻӮһΣΪһ޷˳ǣô´ľˡ
ҵɫѿ
ֶ֪κͣĿĲݡ
ףӲʵȷʵ壬ҡԶԶ硣
ɫַϢһʱԽܡ˳޾ԪԼȺ˳ǵ൱
ַ忴Ҳ˵
ԼҲ֪ҪһǷ˳ǲģ˵ܲŷֽңзݸ飬˶ǵȥÿһ£ԼҲ
ֻҸ˵Ľ飬һιҲûô죬ҿǣ˼档ַת˵
ҾǣܱܿǴˣһٸ
ʱҲǣƣҿӦò¡
û½ôң½ƫһδػ
ڳһһ䣬ֳֹ۵̬ȣΨ峤ҵɫΪءַޱȡ
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˵Լ˵ˣôǵˡ
ٿء
ֵܣǲҪˣҵٿ̧ͷַ塣
šַӦ
ΧһƬ֮ԭ˸߲ң־ŵڳ϶ʱɫѿ鲢ï
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һҪߣҵַ塣
šַͷ
ҵһҲǵͷǿ¶һĨЦݣȥףˣ⡭ҴȺлΪĸ
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ӦġַݸЦҵͷ漴ղҷθ֮ԣ峤úÿһ¡
һġҵɫ
ڡ
ټ

齻ַ֮漴뿪ڳǣǰǡǷ뿪ƿ֮ڣȺȨ֪Щġ
벻뿪ԼϢԼҪǡ
ΪԼ¶
ԽܣʵʵΪԽܶı䡣
ֹ壬Ⱥ
಻꣬սᱬ
Ҹ˽飬һ뿪ѰҰ֮ΪѣĲᣬֻĴңϣҺ·
Ȼ浽ʱͻֲ
Ҫ˵Ծڴˣ֮ұҪ뿪лЩӵΡ
Ŵ㵵΢΢һЦַ漴뿪
ܳΪ˻ʡԼԸȱΣԼ뿪ʱһʼգô벢Ҫ¹ԼһؾС
Ÿַ֮ı뷨
ʼգԼ
ԼϵԵԻʣ1Ԫʱ䣬ΨнԴޣпܻΪܣ漣
ֻһ˿ϣԼ
ΪַŲɡ



1664 
׼뿪ַԲ
½ߣȷʵǿӲͷôԸַԲʴȵһ࣬һ١
ͬ಻мһ˵ذ˳ڣֱնɱ
~~Ԧھſš
ַĵھſŲ飬֮⡣
߰ħ֮һսļ룬˳ʵ估Լ˶٣ƿߵʵʵ߰ͽħǿ
壬½Ҫࡣ
ˡӵϥأ
ַӣ֪ԸԴ޺лҾ㡣
˳ӣ
ʵףҲܼᶨΨһϧͨʾѪͻƳΪƿߣԴʵ
ԸǽԴޣΪֻĻᡣ
һ㣬ǺͿơ
лˡӵ
ȿӸǣͶڱ΢Ը߰˵ֱôˡ
ΪˣʹʧȥС
ţϣ
Ϊǰಢͨ࣬ͶδػһѡΪܴҡ顣
һ㣬˲ͬ

С͵e½أeڸȫҲ֞eӣڞeг̫ࡣ
ıeӣַһá
ϵ𱱞eӵܹȻַ߽޽Լ
ңeӵȷʵҪ˳Ǹѡ
ַ֮ȥֲ俴˿ѣ漴ǰշѹռؾ
Լһ½٫ȻʵԼԲ˺ַܶ࣬ԲܴǰԴޣֻԼСһ㣬˵Σʱȥeӡ
ԼģҲֻЩˡ
ȤǣշѹռؾδąˣˣЩԼϵƽƽġѡ
ǻΪѣҲչˣַһݵ壬İǵѡ
νֹϵùϣֶö֮ǰֵģҲõ˻ر
ǣַ΢΢ſڣΪԾ
˵ԼǷйżûж½κμأеȴƺ£½ǣ
ߴ۹ӳڶԶδ˥ڵĵزӵһ׶ν뵽ڶ׶Σٶ֮ȫϳ֮ǰһֱҲԭ򡣡
بؾ½ĳ֣⿪š
ǣֹŨĿռտռտռģԴάһֱܡ
пռܼ֮ǺڶΪ½Ĵڣϵڶ˥ر죬ĿǰӳڶһԪػᱻմ̮Ϊ泾

࿭̸ַޱص
һ˫ɫ۾ʱƳַ壬óַԴ˺ܸȤͶóʱͬգҪַƨ
ַֹ̨ȫ࣬治١
ԭˡַȻ
Ǹս½ʱԼ˵ⷬԼŽɣ˵ľûʮɣҲоų档
ΪϵһԪĴǵõ֤ʵ
½Ȼַ֮ͨݣ֮ǰԼһֱлɣȫͬǾҲӦռ˰羫ͨͨ
ǿߵȼĿǰǺƿߣ˵ǰ
ÿǿξ
ǿޣǿ
½ȴȫбİ
ǳտռ⣬ʲôص㣿ַ
ҲûʲôǺȤǶͬһԭأΨ˾һܶȡռ
Թż˵֮Ϊܡȡռıܣ䱾Ҳпռ䷨ػ
ַͷ
ǵȷδţԼ˽һܣһڶĿռմȻȥһһڶ
ֹǱܣȫһ֡ԡ
ǻʶôַʵ
ҡҡͷӦûУ˵׼ΪԿǣһʯͷһɳܲǣΪβܣ
⣬˵Ǵڡ
ַͷɡ
֪Խ࣬ԴԽ½ĺģԽΣԽأʱԼնĿܾԽࡣ
ǡַ˸֮



1665 ׼
һ̸ַֹԼеԴ޸Ȥͬʱ½˽Ҳ͸һ㣬ⱾͲͨŲСܡ
ǣ
ʦĵ伮Ҳδἰֻ±Դʯϡ٣տռƻڶֱδš
ǾҲû
˻Ϊѣһȷѡ
ȻԼҲ޷֪ôѶϢЩѶϢ֪Խ࣬ԼԽ
ַǰء
£Լȫ꣬˳ǿ϶סģֻҪȺº·ͬл
еһ˻ʣͻеڶ˻ʡ
ֻǣԼԲΪ˻ʻȥսɽʣһ֮ʣ಻ĳǿߣûɻ˳嶯˺
Ӯ˻ʵǰߡ
ôʲôԭ򣿡ַ˼⡣
һ·Уȴ벻ͨ
ַҲûٶ룬Ϊǵء
̤
ڻɳ鲼ϣַ嵭ȻӰǿǰСΧ԰ټƵȴַ̤Ϻ󳷣ͫ¶ǿֻţǾ¡
ڣ˸ҿ
˻ַ֮ε
˳Ǵսδܶ飬Щǿ˲ĥӡ
ǰǹǲսʤģ
ַҲɱ䣬ΪûҪ·ǰȥѰҿ
ܿڵȴԼ
ڶ˳ǴսȫԼʵѾȫ֪
ԼȫԴػߣԴ֮š
ֵַܣɰˡӵˬʴЦ˳ģ
㲻֪ʱɰҸˣλҿǲ𡣡
¿ˮͣؽš
ˣ˵ôࡣַ΢ЦϣԼ֪˼ʵԼһ֮뿪û˰ػˡ
׼ˣַ
Ȼ׼ˣַһΣǰͲãЦ˸ƣֵַܣߡ
ַţ漴ϡ
غܴ󣬱ǾƬ½ߣһؾ֮سϢռΪԣ˳ǵؾǿ֪١
ССһؾѾ籦ַ̾
ؾ洦ɼ屾ʤĿռ츳ѹȻ򵥣Ϊ嶼ǿ
ֵַܶЩؾȤЦ
ռؾ˭ȤַһЦ
ˬʵֵַȤһֵַܶãκơ
ַЦЦˡ
Լ᲻֪룬ǰͲԼͲñϱ
Ҳ⣬һ᣺½ؾϡ٣ҴֻһЩռؾмռؾ࣬߼ռؾһûС
ַͷ
ؾǳռؾĿռؾԻ춴໹ôԺƿ߶ԾͿпˡ
мռؾԼֵշѹռؾͨƿаԽ׺ƿ߾Եüˡ
ֻн߼ռؾ߼ռ⣬ӶΪƿߡ
Ա½ûжƿߡȻ߼ռҲһҪ߼ռؾ򣬲֮أ°빦
ͷޣ߼ռؾ޼
ַһЦԶƿ߲ôϡ١
˺಻ͬҪɾͶƿ߿ľǸ߼ռ⣬ԼѪ
Щ߼ռؾƿ֮УǽǲܽûһҲȥ츳ٺҲȻü΢̲ͣһ˿ޡ
ַͷ
óҰģ䡣
ģΪԼʵԶֹһЩ
ԣԴ޾ܸıˣַ
صͷԴңǳ֮ңһ߻۵ĵɭ֣ؾգصУʵ˵󣬵Ҳֻһ
һиĻɳƷعʵĿռؾõĻ
˵Դ޲и߼ռؾжռؾ

׳־ڼ̵Դ֮ڴ֡
ַ忴΢Ц֮
ԼֻһõԸҪõپһҪ٣ԴôþͲ˾ηˣ
൱Σգ
ͨ޶кƿߵʵǿһǶƿս˵Լ붼Ҫı
ˡ



1666 һ
ػߣˡ
Դ֮űҲʲôϡ֮ֻһͨǰԴ޵ֻͨͨΨһһ
ػߣܿԴ֮šַૡ
ûֵַܣôַһۡ
ʱԡַ
ͷٴ֣صҽȥˣ
ַ΢Цͷ
ſ룬ʱƬռ΢΢𵴣һҡμ۵ĳᣬͨʱյǰһƬâ֡
𣡡񷡣
ռ𵴱ޱȾңǿϢȻ֡
һͷ;޴󣬿ΰ׳ĺޣüһ׹⣬צ׺ݰ磬ǰ׹£Ӱϵػۡ
飡
ַ˲ѳ֡
ܫ辳磬ַ֮ںϵһ׶εĹ֮չֳ˳ԽʮһֱǶƿս

޵ĹֱͬӣûκλɿԣܵǿƼ򵥣ʵѽÿһι֮С
˲ԣϣѸ׼ۡ

˲佻ַ֣ʱ׹¶սⲻܫٴαƴԴٺϺޡ
䣡䣡䣡
ַƣ׺併Ʋɵ
ԼϺޣսȴԶں֮ϣܫǽɷӵ¡
һǴ
һǼĽϣ
ಮ١
ߺҪǿһ㣬ַսȴ΢СĨƽʯײľ˹õһԵĿĿɿڴ
һػӲȫˡ
֮ǰͿ֣Żʤ֮˿ֲػӲӲֻɵӲŻôûʤ㡣
죬ַĹȴ۽硣
һ࣬ʱȺ̬ܺǿػӲ
ţ
ӣһ衭૵ַػ߲֪ƣĶսвӿƽ
֮ǰ˳ǵĶս˳ʱȷַʵ
ĺǿ
ѡˡҡ
ҪͿһڤ粻飬¹Ѿˡѡַˣ壬ԣǸǳǵľ
ûв֡
һԾš
һ¶Կ̫ңòַ֣費ҪֻǸ⣬ƾУػ߲δռκϷ磡
ַ徭ͷʱССǱԽսԽ£ʼΪ

̫ˣ
̾Աµ顣
֮ǰΪֻδսʤػߣڽַһˣ㼸ܹأַ˷𺧡
ܿ졪
ַĹ𽥼ǿػߵķñһδι¿ʼˣַԲŹĻᣬѸٵƣػȫѹơ
䣡
ܫ貵İɫâںϹ֮չսȻ᧿Σĺ˻һػڵء
~~
׹ޣ͸
źʧǰԴ֮ŻȻ߲ʵĹâӳԴ֮ŵغͨһƬδ֪硣
~Ц
˫ȭͫ¶ޱȵ˷ܣһǵ̫ãԴɣ޿ܵδ
ȥɣҴӦѾ쵽ַ
лˬʶЦĿ譶ôԴ޼ˣֵַܡ
Դ޼ַ
ȴҲֻ֪һõԸԴ޺֮󣬺εȵΣգ˵ԼֻҲ粽С
עһ᫿;
ԽΣԽѣԽ壡
ĿſԴ֮ţַϥ£ָղ޵һսֻɵʵԶδȫ
ô
Լĺǿˡ
Ͼֻ飬ǡʶսԷ涼Զѷߡַף޵ʵӽƿżʵֻȽ׺ƿ߼ǿôһ㡣
ԼʵҪսʤһҲѡ
ܿ죬ַָ۷塣
¿Դ֮ţǰٳֺ޴ӰַշȻһЦ۱ӭȥڶսȵһս򵥣ɡ
䣡䣡䣡
ֻ˲ʮУ㽫޳׷顣ִַգâգͫ¶ս⣬սԼѪҺȫ
ǰԴս
սǿǿߣսԼļޣ
ˡַ廳κϣ̤Դ֮š



1667 
~~
屻޵ѹΧӿֳӴѹַһǰʱĿһƬ⽣ӰŽ꽻ȻһƬҡ
ַĿɨȥ
һƬ޴ӪأĴɼԻһ޴ЩţЩѾƻЩŸɫǿߡ
壬࣬һʱԷֱ档
ԴȺ൱֮࣬˵гǧ֡
Զսŵķǳңѱ˫ַܿ췢һȺ壬˵֮۵Ⱥ
ǵģƣûͷ䳤ͷ֮ϣ¹һ㡣
صǵ۾Ǵ׵ɫͫһϸѵ·Ǿ㤿ɲͫ൱
ģλ֮֮ۡ
½ϵȺ塭ַǵһμѴӿе֪
壬½
壬ħ壬壬飬Ǻ½ġ
࣬ÿһһָսӪսһƬ߻ӣħ壬壬࣬ޣֶС
ӻ⣡
˭˭
ַȫ֪
Լֻ֪һ£ٴΣաﲻȱ½ÿһǿ߼жƿߵʵ㲻Լ
һҲˣǾ鷳ˡ
û뵽ͨԴ֮ţĻַЦѣÿͨԴ֮ţԴλöͬΪԴ֮űڲϱ仯ġ
ԣԼͿ档
֮ǰҲûԴ޻ᵽҲôùһܰɣ
ٿء
һĿʱӪһƬңֱը쳹ռҲǿĹѿ

һǿ߼ٶˣǱӪеǿ֮âŭޱȡ
ܣַûеڶͷ
Լշս˫һӪԭڵģӦǿߣԼû´ڱķһ
һ³һڴӻǿߡ
䲻֪ķǺõģԼҲ޴ѡΨǸһڴӻǿܣΪǳŭ
Ǳ߿ңʵȻ
ˣǿһ˫ͫȻǱǡַ쐻޸ӦǿǰƳѼߡ
³һڴӻǿ߶ǡɡ֮ޣҲ֮ͨ
ħ壬壬֮ǺԼһ꣬Щޱ飬Щ˷ܲѣҲЩɫء
ǲĳм䣬ע⡣
ȸߣᡣ
һأ鷳ˡַаȻԼ֪Ҳ࣬Ҳ֪½С
ңǼΪͨ츳֮꣬ӵкԼԼƵؼ
һʱܳΪū͡
ߣ
ַûȫۣҲֻǿϴ飬ǰһٶȱԼǿߣַ겻ѡ
Լֹжģħǿжһ
ԼٶȸǿҲС
ЩǱЩǷЩѪַһ۲ţΪȤԴССĽѱǹ
ߣĺǿ
廨ţһǶƿߡ
ѹֿ˵ԴޱǱȷʵ١ַڶк󷽣ȫٵؼۣȻдŴɱ
壬׷ᡣ
Լڵ飬Ȼǿ߶Ϻģȥ磬翴ƺСԤıжҲֻԼ²⣬ϾԴ޺ң֪
û뵽սͼ壬Ҳ˵ȺУַۣ˳ŴӣܿӹһƬɭ֡
׷ֹ
ǰһƬŨŨٲȻž綾Ϣǰͷƺڴʲôַ岻Ҳ֪Ǿʾԡ
ǰҲַܿ췢ֶǰٶˣϢҡ
Լû´ֻµȷء
Щֻŵӣһǿ¶֮̿ɫƬǶУԵò֪롣
ͣ
鷳ˡַ֪ԭ
֮ͣ£ȻΪǰ̫ǿʱսǾңϺԽԽġ
ܿ죬ԭ۳ɳĶ齥ɢһЩǿߴܡ
ǰͺߣಢ׷أǰȫ
ַ岢Щ
㲻أҲǰȫ򡣡ַ廷ܣûйΪĹȫͷβƬǰȫġ
ӣӳȥ
ֻʱİȫ֮󷴶ԽԽΣգΪƵ
ֻǰɡ



1668 ó
˵ַ壬Բж
ǳԴޣز죬ֹΧһ֪Դ޸ȺҲȫ˽⣬Դ޵ԼҲᡣ
Ҵܻųȥһ漣ˡ
Ǹվսǿһŭ޴й
޶˶˾һսַЦѣҲδ̫⣬֮֮ûʲôõģ˵ľûⳡսԼ͵أųȥĿж٣
ôһ룬οࡣ
룬ԼôһȺ֡ڣôһв߻Ԥıжûɻᱻһַš
Ȼ壬Ȼмˢӡ
ѹüޣ꽻ɱԽԽǰҲϢԽԽǿңƺǱټޣ˵Ķ񵯻ɲϱѹٿȻ䡪
أ
һΪ֮ɫ
׵о˺ѳһ϶ַ֮һǿĵֱķǰֻʣǼǵâ˺鳤ա
֮ͨ
һѵ֮裬һĵ磬Ȼֻǲһ㣬ȴһһأһַ֮𾪡
¼Բĸд
óҲǻѪĵطۼǿĵڣȻַͫ˫ֲԾս
ǿߣ
Լ²ģԤıжкţ
ȻֻһַȷţĳǿһˣŤתơȻǰһƬȸԾ˷ܵԭǻ̿ЩֹĶһζ
Уǿߵ϶¶顣
ΪػֻΪʹǿߵĳ֡
ĳǿߣԴޣҲǶʢĴַŶǰһβҪκεģΪ·ڡ
󷽺ܿҲǿĵ⣬ס
ʹĳǿֹ߲أն׷ԼǿʵӲٳһ·뿪ĵ·
ĿƳַۼʶʹǿߵսԼʵа
£ûܡ
лġַŶǰУмȣޣʵԼǿУܳԼģûС
ԴޣֻǸսһ
ǿߵĵ¯ʤ̭棡

ʹǿֺ߳󣬶˳ͨ뿪أַҲ֪ʲôطҪȥŶ߾ûˡ
Уһ͵൱֮࣬ɬᣬ鲻࣬ռı൱֮ࡣ
սǿߣҲжĲߣʵһɫĶƿߡ
гգַǷˡ
Ȼûʣһֱڶбŵ͵ľܺжϣǿ֮ǰȻǽؾˣȵЩ˼꣬ᡣ
ܶòҲпģħġ
ȺĶУԴޱͰ
֮ǰӦǱӪصַ֮ǰЩ޴ڰ֮У˵ҰһţӴ
뿪ʱкܶδ򿪡
ǾԮô
ַ岻ǺȷгպӴĶһƬ̲ĺֻͣͷߴﹾ˵ԣսǿ߷׷׸ͣܿڶɢȥ
ЩãЩأҲЩᡣ
Щԭأ֪롣
аַڡ
ǲߣǲ֪ȥ
óַôģȻ֪ǿߵܺ࿹⣬ʹĳǿڣҲһ㡣
Ҫǣûߵ겻ֹԼһ
ȫ뿪ˣԼҲɵɵ
ͷһ˫ȻĿɨߴﹾһѻַ˵ı飬̬пԿƺѯʲô
긽ţַҲ
Щǿ߲޶⡣
û´Щûߵûطȥֻߡ·;̫Զ޼ҿɹԭ򡣡ַзš
ǿӦûὫǴһȫĵط
ԼҪģҲһȫ֮
ȥǵأֻһǳأԴĵطôַ棬̽ѰԴ޲һʱԼէ˵
ҸȫĵطŪԴ޵ĻͨԴ޵ԣ㡣
1ԪҲ10000꣬ȻѾȥǧ꣬ʣ²Ҳ٣ʱӦδɡ
ˡַš
ǿһ󣬶ٴ̡
УַȻԵá
ôԼҲΣˡ
֪Ŀĵػַܺ档



1669 
ַŶ飬Ǽʮա
һ·޳ûʵǿǿ߻ͣûκΣգЩ޵ʵڵַǿ
Լֻһ˴δ˽ԴΣյ£൱Σյġ
ʮ䣬ת۱һֵɽ֮С
ǳǳأ˳ӿȺǿ߶ܼԼ֮ǰѾ֪ʥ壬壬ȵȣкܶϡٵȺͲˡ
ַ֡Ŀɨ
ɽȳһֵ״̬ǿ֮以ģԼڶһɽȵǿߣɢҲԼһˡ
ǰȫ򡣡ַס
ȻԼ֮ǰЩͬҲи֮ۿȥɽʮӴľͷɽϣһȭͷСĹ㣬عʵء
ңңȥͺҹеө㡣
ɽȵ룬Ⱥǿ˵˵ЦЦҲദһЩ̯λƷһЩǿ߹űƷ䲻УҲ
ԣһȺãͲ֪꣬Ƕ
һʱҲ֪ʲô
%һģַ˵ʲôõԴ޵ԣַ½Ը֮ҲһãȻ
ԣôַһ
½Ӵ壬ԴȻǵԻһЩ
Ȼ
ܡҲܿģַ̨֣ܺΪβԴ޵ԣֻԣ㿴尡
Ҵġַָָߡ
˲ʱȻѹ֣õͨģһֱ߱ͳΣʹԵҲ
أַ
Ҳ൱ǿƣһ㡣򴽣¶ŭɫȺ˶޳ܣһˣ
̨ôץģҿɵùö˶˵Īͱץˣ
ЩңȺˣץ˺ö࡭
˵ϲٲȻǱ̫ãַţҲϣǴе֪˺ܶϢΪԼһǱȡġ
Ͼȵ˺֮ܶ࣬伸ǲʶġ
ˣôų֪̂ʲôأٿҽ·
ַ塣ַ
·˼ֽʲô㣬ô
ûãأַʵ
·ҵȺȽԶһ˻ȥ̫ΣգպȣҴ䲼һ˴һȥ
ȣַ
·ͷָԴ޿֪ܲԴһ˸ȣϸԴÿһֻҪǮͻ˽񡣡
ַһȻ֮ǰӾ˵ģҲΪ񣿡
·϶ǣҲα׽п϶һͷش󣬺̨ӲԳ˺ܶվ䲼ǲܵþȡ
ַͷ
ٿǸĳǿߣҪ붯ĳǿߣûٴۣ
ˣ֣ڣ·
áַ
Ƽˮ꣬·Լ֪˲¡
Ҫһ£ҪѧԴ޵ԣȻ̫鷳ﲻÿһ߶ͨԡ
·ַֿ漴ڸ̯λ
ʵѧģֱһȼɣ治ңٲȻǹ鼮ѧϰЧһ㡣
ǣʶ֣Ҳʶ鼮
ַ˰죬ȷҵ鼮ģǡ޷ͨԼ֮ǰ²ÿԴ޵ǿ߶ͨԡ
תתã
ٿַǰһ
ԶһߵĹ㳡Χۼ˲ǿߣҲڹ㳡ѡɫɫĸȺ˱˫Ŀ񣬶ͷ϶ӡһ֡
Ȼʶַ֪ʮ֮˾ǡ
ū
Щū
ӦԴʵȽСȺԴȺţëһֻҪȺ˶Ϊū¹һȺ档
ΪūôȺȻ
ۿȥһЩģòŮūܻӭūע࣬ʽ
ַǰȥ
ūûֱӵ޽Լֻ꣬Ҫɨһ䣬ܻ֪ѶϢԴ޵ԡ
ز죬иūҲ
öôַʹԵ
ǸūǷͷӴūԵͨܶ࣬ǰһҪʲôū
ʵǿġֱַ˵



1670 ǿ
ҪôҪõġ
ʵǿĲֹʵǼʶĿ⣬ǿ߶Դ֪Ŀ϶٣߶һû
ǿߣūǽܵƿεǿߣ600վ
ΧȻһƬ˽
ַȻ˵ķӦλƺĸߣĿƳǷͷūƳϿңʵٲȻҪԼһ
ΪҲôַҲס
۹εȶ֪ЩǷЩܾǰ󺺵Դɫ䲻ήңȴʯһ˾ʧȥû
ңϵϢǿ
ƿ
սӦòǿɡַūԼ󺺹ԼӮ
ǻʵǿߣ΢¥м¼ģ˿ȥ顣ūҡԴ˵
ǿߣ΢¥
ַͫ˸δƺôһ¡
塭ַĿɨܣȻ˵ۣԼҲ֪ضһʡʵ΢һ޹ʹ
ԼСϽƽϡ
ūսǿʵע۽ҪūߣԼصġ
ַȡһ춴ûпվ춴ղգ
ޣūüһӹ춴ҿϵĶ춴۸󣬴Լ800վ
춴˻ūûУɣ200վūΣ
ٿء
ɣ򲻿ɣԶһϤַһȴ·ҴҸǰܻ˵Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ūֵ600վǿߣûޣǿ߶磡һǿֻ100վѣ
У춴˵Ҳ1000վϣƷʸߵ15002000Ҳ˵һ
ַȻʧЦ
·ô˵ūԼݣԲͨȻһϰʵԼ˵ν춴Լ֮ܶ࣬ġ
׬һ㣬
ңʽԼ治һ
Ȼ·ԸԼҲǲַ΢ЦūߴʱǽͣʱԼЦ
ַ徲ȴ
·ū첱Ӵּ֣ۻۣԼóˣ˴Ҳûһ۱˽
֣춴Ұ1200վ
Ǽūֻܵ200վ·Դε
ַū·л˾䣬漴ǰͰǮɡȻԼ׬Ҳȥ
ҪǷ㣬ݡ
ν
תַۣū˽ףĴ󺺵޽ԼʱһѶϢӿԺַѸš
Լϣǿ൱ḻ
ļԼֹ֪Դ޵ĴѶϢͬʱҲѧüԣū֮ǰ˵ǿߣ΢¥֪
һȣһΪֻء֯ȵȡ
ɵ200վūǿ߶򲻹ģҪ򣬳100վࡣ
ūûޣƨöûУ200վ湻ݳ޵ġ
ɵǮ࣬
ʱַΧ
Ȼûʲôû
ĿͶЩǸ·ַļ򣺡߰ɣ֣߱˵
·ͷһ뿪
Ĵ󺺡档

˼֡·ǸӦٻһЩġ
ַЦЦ㲻Ķ֡
˼ū¯࣬һûνר·Ͼһֶ꣬ʲôūԶˡ
·̾
̾ˣʵѾʡ˺ܶࡣַЦſοЩСǮ̫ںҲ׬һ㣬˵νƽЩʵҪƽϵġ
ס·ͷ
µĽ̸õĶԡ
ַܺãöԣԼԴ޵һ󲽡
֣㲻ȥ䲼ôôֻˣַ岻
·Ц˵ߵ·ŷҵĴָͱѾѹΣʲôûУô䲼񰡡
ַһ
ҲǣץȻûС
Ҫ٣Ҹ㡣ַԷС֮ˣܰ
ôء·ǰ֣ٿַ壺ף֣ôл춴
´ַ壬·ЩȻֹһûѹô



1671 Դ
ҲصıȽذɡַЦЦ
·ͷҲûɻ󣬱һʣ֪ҲȥŪõĿռ䱦ضˣαץȫҵѹˡ
ַݸһЦ漴ó100վ·Уȥðɡ
ôԣ·һܾ˵ˣܱ˵Ķݣ
ǶݣıꡣַղҽۣϾֻ200վ1000վ׬800վ100վΪĳͲɡ
⡭·һʱЩȻ
üͷ壬ϸȴЩԣ˵
ŰɣȼҲУҲУôȻȺɣĸ׵ˡַȻȺ󣬵ʱٻҲ١
·ҧҧ촽룬̧ͷǡ͵ģ֣ô
áַһЦ
л֣һỹģ·һɫ׸лǡȥˣ֣ʱڣ
ţټַ·
Եܰ
ʣ900վַȥһռңһЩճıرƷ900ռ䲻࣬ʱԴްҲ㹻ˡ
䲻󣬵ԻǺܰȫġ
ַ˿ùдһռңǽС״̬£ռҾһȭͷСĹ㣬ԶԶȥөǰ㡣
ռʮּªһĿռ硣
޵ǿգһƬڣһƬ¶磬ΪͨԴޣʶԴһġ
ûʲô⣬ֻǰ𣬲ܴŵ
Ȼ˵Ҳܰȫ
ڿռڣַѶϢм֮ԼԴҲ˽ⲻ٣˵
а򣬹ǣµʮգ֮ͨظʤ
Դڤأδ֪աļУԴƺ޾ģÿһʱ򶼻ᷢ仯б֣µ֡
Դ޻ԣ
ԴѾܣֻһֱͲȻ
ΪǶ֪ԴޱǵĺģǶصԿռΪʳ򡣡
ռ䣬޾տռʹԴÿʱÿ̶ڱ仯Ȼ޾
ǳԴޣַﷴø͸
֮ǰһģ治٣ʿԴ޵ıʡ
ſռı仯仯Ǳ⣬һһľգĻҡվ㲻ͨ
ǿһռĽᾧ壡
ڿռ츳ƶǿ˵վ˵õ
ƩԼİ
ʵнӽҲܸĽӴԴޣʶһͬ飬ڵҪĥĴ̼ͼַ֪
Լڿƿߡ
ⲻѣ
ȽҲѣҪʵݡȵĹأÿй涨ȼ
ƩһЩֻǿϲܽӣһЩֻǿ߲ܽӵȵȡ
һǿߣֻһ֤ûʲôô
ǿߣΪƿż
ǿߣΪƿ
ǿߣΪƿ۷塣
սʵ޹ء
ֻ֮ҪǺƿߣֻͨĺƿߣսﵽܳΪǣǿߣȻӱϾ١
սʵϢϢصġ
ȼ΢¥֤ģԴ޹ϵȨ
ͨȥͽĳǳ֤һݰɡַʵҲȷԼһǿ߻Ƕǿߡ
Լսž붥ƿżôһ㡣
ﲻǿߣϽӲʲôΪһǿ̫࣬ݬ룬һĶЩȴӵ
ҪΪǿߣѶȺҪŻһ㡣
ԽߣӵѶսߡ
԰ɡ
⣬һõʱ󡣡
10000ʱ䣬Լ뽫ʱ޻ãʱǲɻȱģ԰Լʱõ¡
ʮʱ󣬽ʱžʮ֮һ
ٱʱ󣬽ʱǰٷ֮һ
ӵкõʱ°빦
ңۻ춴Ҫȥǳ֮Уıչͳ۵ĵط΢¥һֻĳǳвУûеġ
ʱ󣬻ǿ֤
ȻٻӦɡ
ַš
漴̤봫󣬸1վССãǰһǳء
ɳǡ



1672 ɳ
ɳǣΪһ㵭Ӷ
󣬵ҪʮǳزǷأΪսҵԵʡǳغȲͬϳǳȺġ
ÿһǳأ䱳Ⱥ֧š
ͱ޵˳һȨ
ɳǵıһΪ塯ȺԴǺͨһȺ𱱴޵˳Ҫǿöࡣ
ôͨҲǿ
ǿǶƿ۷壡
ޣϴޣ޵Ҳ˰ɡַĵӵǿߣҲֻǧȺͨһɼԴ֮ǿ
Ϊͬ
ڱޣҪ׺ƿ߶ѡ
Ȼȱ޺õö࣬´ﵽʵĲξѾǼޣԴ޲һһĿǰԲ׵ĵ
ĿռԶޡ
ҪΪƿ߼練ƣǿռĲٱֹ
ĺ֮أ
ոռ⣬ɺܶࡣ
ΪƿߣҪ̫ƴ츳Ѿܴﵽ
Ѿܸоռ߼ˡַɳУ֮ǰڿռҵĸ֮ǰڱʱȫûо
Ÿսûã˸о
ļܶࡣַꡣ
ռⷨĸ򣬶ΪսĪ׶ƿòҪƿߣһҪռĸ
Ŀռˡַȷš
ԼѪɫУ֮ǰһ׶Ρ
ɳԵúܰΧǵı֣ҲǺܶ࣬ȡ
Ϊ岻ǿַ֪
ЩȺǿߣǸȺĳǳأЩûгǳصȺߣһ㶼ѡͶʵȽǿȺ㲻밲ȫࡣ
֮£ЩеȵȺе㲻ϲˡ
ǳǳкܺõĽģʽעĵطأȻȵùЩȺ
ͨĳǳضҲȺסνȸСȫ
Щǳ۱Ƚϵͣ±ȽϷ㣬Щ֮رȽϽҲгǳȵȡ
ɳ֮ǰĻǱȽƯģӵĽŵǳظһ徵ĸоֻ֮ǰһսңȺ
ϾûϲһΣաĵطס
΢¥ַ1վĵͼѰλã΢¥߾ı佨ÿǳضС
ҡ
˳ŵͼڣַܿҵһĽ
΢¥
ۻ֮Ǹ߹ڳ¥֮ϡ
΢¥ֹһĵطԴһǿļ𣬶רŷϼ΢ߣһ˿
10վַ˼ãһ΢¥ȥ
һͶģ˼֮⣬ͬ΢¥һֹ䲿кܶ΢ָʵ
΢¥Ҳַ¶һУŹ̬ȡ
ݲ룬Ҳ
пܡ
ȣԼϣ˽һԴԼ壬Լĵȥ˽⣬ǿ͵;˵
Ŀ׷Ͷ¶֮ɫ
Ͼַ൱ᡣ
ڱޣַӵʵȫǲ˼ģԴޣַǿߵȻУҲࡣ
ַ֮ǰкü䶼ַҪܶࡣ
Ƕǿߣȴһˮ룬̤붥ƿߣ˵Դ޵ǿȦӣһǿȻͬ
ãǰħă塣ַǰһħ¶ЦݣڰƤһħƣݳüëħһβһţơ
ַ塣ַ΢ЦӦ
ħ僴һȻСֵܣ㿴ǿ׳һҲ࣬ħ壡
ҲԺǿ׳ַ
Լ츳ȷȷʵħħⷽĸӦȽǿǰⰬħăĿȻס
ħ僴ܴкǿ׳ġ
˵ţħ僴ͫһҪ꣬ȥ߾һΣ
ˣһҪȡַܡ
ħ僴񣬲棬˾͸ȥ浶ʵǹĸɣǲѪڣ˵ţֱۣ
ַһЦ
ħǿȷʵᰮսԼ±
ˡħ僴Ħȭƣһ˫ͫԣͨΪǿߣͿȥ߾սǿˡ
ˡַ΢Ц



1673 ǿ
߾ַ΢΢һЦ
ԼȻ֪߾ʲô΢¥ĳ֮һԴŨǿΪ߾ĴھΪǿ߱øǿ
ǿߵ̨
ƽԾͬȼǿߵĽܸ̼ʵֵһǣ浶ʵǹսս˫ھбɱ˾ռߡ
Ȼ߾ÿս䱸ٲߣȼڽս˫һǣս˲Ϣ䣬ٲʵ߳һߣҲһüֹ
ˣѾ½ųϡ
⡣
߾սǲٲߵĴڣʼջǷȱһַ屾ϲС·ķʽ
޿ɷϣ߾ڵıҪԡ
ҪÿսֳʤԴ޵ǿ˴ˡ
ڽ߾û塣ַմӱ޽ԼĿǰھھˣͻƿռ䲻
߾ʺϼͻƿߣԼȲʵġ
ǰ߃ļ˺ܳһʱ䣬ַ֪ʱԽͨĿԾԽСǼ嶯ս
жǿߵʵһѾˡ
ÿһʱȲսһأܲܿǱһߣΪĶǿߡ
Ȼǰſ崹ͷɥĳɫѿ
һǼǵߺ
û£ٽַ냴οһ䣬ţ뵽һܱյĿռ֮Уǰһ΢ǷߣǷϺȻǡ
Ǹǿߵ΢ߡ
һ˵ʵǳǵģǡ
רҵѵ΢ߣʵб׼άһרҵķϣһ֣Ҳһ֡
Թۻߣǵڶ֤
⣬ֲݵ˶ۿһѧϰ֤
㵽һ˿΢¥λʵΪŷ
ᰡ
ǰӦñһСɣ
ôСͣѾܼǿô̫ˣ
Χ۵˸һ⣬˽ţȻǵǴռڵģۼַᣬЩ˼һ붼ַ󣬹ʶܳԾ
ԿʼˡĶǿٿؿڡ
ɫžͺһ̶ĺˮһѺصıâţʱ仯Ϊۻǧ
ˡַҲѸϡ
չâ𣬹֮˲ʱսսâɣսаиԶĶ΢ߡ
ܫ
ַ屾óƣ¶ּˡáԲ
ʵ붥ƿżȷʵô㣬һҲ޷Խġ
ٳӺ;ֲ
~΢һǰ·֣ؼõ¯࣬ԷԹӲַ
Ϊ΢ߣǲһ־ġ
ǵְڣȫǰߡ
ۣ֮ںϣ
ʲô츳ѣںˮ׼Ҳ̫˰ɡ
ô˵֮ںϺںϲһ֮ں϶ںѺܶ࣬˵ˡ
ǣվ˵ۡ
Щ΢¥Ȼʵãۿս۹⵹˶ʶһЩǿߣ۽һ㣬δķҲһ㡣
۹͸֣һ˵ǺҪġ
죬ŬķֻǾϵƬգԽδɾԽߡ
ֹЩˣĦҲ΢΢ȣ¶ر飬׷׵ͷܿһߵսǱ
ں֮
ںҲ˵֮츳Ͳͨ
ַԲںôУȫͶսֻһͷǾǻǰĶ֣ܶʵΡ
΢ߵķܲ͸磬㲻϶ַ塣
ߴ֮ߣó
Ⱥģ
ʵŻ
֮ǰôܵģҰܵ൱ʹ΢û뵽ǣεĶּ򵥣սһσ壬ٳķӣսȴǃĪġ
ַȵѹơ
֪΢ߵʵнùֶΣѹһܵĿռ֮Уά衣
սǿַս൱ס
ܶ΢һֱŻַתܵе˿΢κλᡣܷΪʵͳڵġԵ㡯ˡ
Ҫάս֮£ֺѶַκɱˡ
һ΢߷ǳΡ



1674 ΢¥
ַĹͨ
Ҳûʲôرǿô򵥵ɵͨ˶ǿ߼ˣΧ۵һĿࡣ
ôͨˣ
ɣô򵥣
ǰôһҲо
һƬ¶⣬㿴ңҿ㣬¶֮ɫȴַ̫ͨŹ֣оʵǿƫƫɵĹء
оЩ˼
ǧһǰǵ΢˵
ʦʦ
˻ͷ΢߷׷׹
֮Ϊʦ΢Ŀ⾼ŽƳַӰ˫֣һʮִߣս޶ȵķӡ
ȻӵȫԸҲδͨ
ս;顣
΢ߵҲͬȡɣʱҪģжսһҪ֣ܶҲԳ
ȺսҲһʵǿȺʤ
ô
ƶǶĵͷ׵ǣʦ

ַ岢֪Լˡ̲ġͨ˲Ҫģ´ǿߵĻ£ⲻݺʵкܶô
ƩһЩĳǳأֻжǿϲܽ롣
ƩȣǿܽӵһǿԶ
ǿߣһˮ룡
Դͨ˺ǿߵķֽߡ
ãҽݣĸˣԳƺΪһʱӶַ΢Ц˵Ǻơ
ãַһ۱ƳؿڴǵĻ¡
һ΢ߣ
ʵﵽƿ۷壬½ѾǽˣɳҲǶĴڣΪǿҲֻǿߡ
֪СֵܿƵ
ûСַ̹϶
Ҳ֪Էֻ˳һ䣬ÿһǿ΢¥м¼ûмһ
ޣһˡĳ׾֪СֵĸȺ
ߡַҲ
ݵͷһȻģʵҲµԴȺ࣬ḻĸ˵ÿȺһ
ҾͲȦˣ֪СֵǷȤ΢¥΢Цʵ΢¥˷ǲģֻҪ㹻ǱǾܰ
СֵܳԴ޿֪ܲ΢¥Դ֮һȺߴȺѷɫ
ڰ˴УǶ˵ģԶûôϸ壬Ӵ΢ߣ֤ÿһʦָ
СֵܿԲιһ΢¥֪ĳԷ顣

ϲĽţַҲϡ
Լ˵κεĿܶǿܣ΢¥ҲʧΪһõѡԼȻǰڣԴվȽŸ
ļУ΢¥Ҳȷʵ˵
߾ʵսΪˣ΢¥˷ʽƵģһһ̨ףһ߷紵Ұһʻ
ӡ
ҪԼѡԼǻѡ߾һ㡣
ʱԼһ㣬δһ¡
һϸǵģַ΢Ц
Ǻðɡ¶һЦݣҲַ֪ܣΪһ΢ߣֹ䲿ĸˣҲһӲǼ롣
̫ˡ
ַ츳еޣҲֻǲѡ
ڷֹ䲿ôַֻ꣬ϣܼȻǺãԸҲǿ
л룬ĺģڡַ幧ǿֵ˾صġ
õģڡҲ΢Ц

ַ壬뿪΢¥
ݵ룬ַ岻Ը΢¥ֻδоȺǲǣ˴ַ廹һ
νó
սԴزģиǿŲǻ¡
ȹһ£࿴ѡҲ
ţȥɡַд㣬΢¥һͬİ˴֮һ˴ص㡣
רչͳ۱
ֻ춴½˵еġ
ļУ˵ǰ˴еһգЩ˵ҲЩ˵ǿиɡ
ӵԴı˵ĲƸصǿߣôַ
һǰ˴ǿģһһ



1675 ˵Լô
ַǰ
էҪЩǮʵڣܲÿζû춴ֱӶһֻ900վԶԶһ춴
Դޣ900վǸĿ
ڳĵռԶ΢¥ҪֹλҲá
ȻǮַԶԶȥ̻Իͣ鱦ʯ׺Դ޵ı֮࣬һһ׬硣
գά޵ȵȣ÷ˮ
룡~ַһ룬ܵޱڵдòŮԣУһ԰չݡ
һģˮڷţչʾŸֱ
춴ռαӦоС
֪ҪʲôòŮ
㿴ȡַ岻ż۱ȹ۲һ󣬿һﱦۼΣʱ춴веס
ūͬ
һģһܿ˶٣ǧվˣԼ׼ǼʮϰټҪԴ
õġòŮܶأӦ㲻˵ĬĬ벽
ַɫȻ
һһı￴ȤĻϸ̽һ£˿࣬һʵǴۿȥͷ΢¥öࡣ
ɳȺϾ٣ϴսҺֱ½
춴඼1200𡣡
۷춴ٶҪ15000վ
ַһ·ԼǮ˸ۡ
һ˵ļǮֻ࣬ǹۣҪǴ϶һۿۣ˲١
Ŀռ󡣡ַ
½ռͬȼĻ춴Ҫö࣬ǳƽġһַףϾܷӿռĻ塣
½Ӵ󣬵ҲֻȺ֮һ
ߣԴ޵Ŀռ߲֪٣֮ĿվԿռ䱦࣬Ⱥ½ȫͬ
ҪˣԶһɫͷָ㣬ָ㽭ɽһü価Ǹ֮
ӵģòŮӣ⣬һģ
ǰܹ´һŮЦݵķλ٣Źı˵ʮ
٣ҪôܹڵؽܵʺŮֹƾбá
ޣ겻ΪƳۣȻһЦ
500վôС˼
ĿƳԶַ壬ǰĶǻ£¶һ˿֮ɫߵҿɲЩﶫƣˡ
ţ
ַԶĽ꣬ȻʧЦ
˵Լô
ӴĿ⣬ַ΢ȻһЦҲΪ⣬ȥˮۿ¼õˣԼԲһʶ
ûҪˣַܿһ֣żʱȵ⣺ˣ
ǵȻıʵݵģܹЦĺϲ£졣
ַ΢΢һЦ
ı˻֪
پӣòŮַתͷȥһҺǮô
òŮСүүպĴϣλ峤
ԭˡ
ַͷš
Լûй̫ģŮ˵ͦĵģַ΢Цʲô֣
ҽСөòŮСӨǳǳһЦǿɰ
ַ壿
òŮСөһϲô֪
Ķ䣬ͷַЦЦǺԵģеĶ䣬׽С㶯ˡ
ǵķͣ˿ƮݣᶨͳСܿɰ
֪ࡣòŮСө򴽵
ַ¶һĨЦݡ
ʵһ˶츳㣬ԴǼ֮أڡ²㡯Ⱥᱻū
Դ޺ʵǿʳ
ûʵע棬ʳӽūٵǶ緱ǣʤÿһԪ޾Ⱥ䡣
ַ̾ʱϵ
ӳڶ̮жȺһԴ޵ȺҪص̫࣬Ϊӳڶ޿תġ
뵽ش󡣵£Լκη룬Ψһһ
һ߼űһߺСөţַ嵹Ҳġ
ٿԶֵַ岻һ
е죿
ַңңȥϤӰݸһЦ



1676 100
ڰƤһħƣԶħǿߴɤţһִţԼո΢¥İħǿߡ塯
ޣòŮСө΢
ַ˺֮ǰĬĬҲ˵һЩ
ʶַ岻
СөţӴüΣħă壬ʵ׶񣬵ʵûģֻǿһ춴վ
ĥַۣǲµ
Сөͷĥ˺ܾãǲ150վʵǲ̫϶ϾֵҲ鷳˵ţСөһЦ¶ǳǳľѡ
ַҲһЦ
냴ԸƢȷʵҲǡ
֮ǰ˵Ҫȥ߾վ֪ǲǮˡСө
ӦûСַ
߾ǿߴȷгѣӮĸлʤ𣬵һǿûеģҪȥ߾ΪսеҪ׬վԭ
ȥɡַó150վСө߾С죬ѡ
150վһСĿɹһǿ춴ˡ
ʵܿϧַ㹻վʵܸһ㣬ͨˣΪǿߣ֮߾Ը㡣
һƣơ
վʵҲͻƿˣȥ߾
õģлˣСөĿ¶۹⣬ַ帩׵漴150վСܹȥǱ߳ܿͣ£ٲȻ˽ס
ܿ죬Сө˻
󻹸һںɵҴҶǃ塣
һַ壬ͭ۾ǵԲסˡ
ôʶôַЦ
ǡе㿨࣬㶵ô㣬Сֵܣ
һ˭ַ΢Ц
һʱЩȻ
ǰ˭еȫˣûһԸƽϵٺã̸վʱ˲
Ϊ150վû
ȴ롭
лллл૵һʱò֪˵Щʲôŭ죬þƽһֻһ֮Ե࣬Ը˲ذ
ַ΢΢һЦ
ԵһҲ޷ħ壬ĵزһϱǿġң150վԼļҵ˵ֻǾţһë
˳δսջı൱޴
ԼԵ֣Ʊж񱨣ˣԼǰӵذŻ֪ǵܣڤڤע
·ҲãҲãֻ˳ѡ
ܼ
ڃ岻ͣлУַ漴뿪ʼԼʵûܴӃ崦õЩʲôĿ羴֮ɫСөַЦʵ1000վô
СөԵĵ˵ͷ㻹ó150վ
ǧɢȥַСөΪվҲ󡣡
СөˣȻԭģ
ԡַͷ
Сө׼۶ٿվı1000ģ10000Ҫʾ¡
100ءַ΢Цŵص֡
Сөˡ

ܹ£ܹ£СөŻʱܹһŮŹٹӣջ񲻷ơ
ۼСөܹüͷһ壬ѹµȻ˵
ǰܹ£飡СөиҪ
ܹһ£٣
һվСөС
ʲôܹЩû壬ΧŮѾˣ㵵Сө˻Сө
һվܹ£Сөҧһһ

ƽһףŮȫסˡ
û
һվܹȫסܹλôãû100վı̫ˡ
ʲôԶĹ§òŮӣ¶֮ɫ
ܹҲһֱۣСө˫ְСөͷ˵ģҪ100վı
100վı
ԭ緢ĹҲǵɴۣȻغϲ£졣
ǵģܹ¡Сө
أģܹ¼ûҲ˵塣
Сөָ˹ȥ
ֹܹ£ټŮڣһĿȥֻһò˵ĺվǣǸղżǸйȴ꣡
ಣ
ܹ¼Ƿһٶȴ˹ȥֱӰѹٸһߡ
¹ԼȫסȻŸղŵǸǿߣоԼСһ֪ν
˼һ֣100վ
Щʲô



1677 ȥĶ
ܹɣд֮ԭ£ܹ±Ͼḻһʱ佲ûΡ
ûãܱȲá
ûϵַԷСǳ֮ˣûôʱ֮ġ
οղСөͦʵġ
лܹгһ˲ͷˮǶЦݣղ˵Ŀɵ棬Ҫ100վı
ǵġַĻشܹĶʱ£Ĳ١

ַ˸ܹµɴ۾ֱ
չ̫ͣҾҪٿһˡַЦе
᲻ᣬչһߵģɷģûһܸߵùʵۣԿܹĵ˵
߰ɡַٿص
ߣ
ܹŵɫ࣬Ҫ߰еǸһߵչۣƽʱٷֱȣٷֱȣ
ôãַЦ
ܹ²ϵĺǣֻҪ㲻ߣ¶е
ַЦߣѵ̸
ܹһ㶣ٿطӦ͵һԴϣҴ¶һȿ޻ѿЦݣ޲ԼԼ⣬ȴ̫죬˼ˡ
סˣһۣҲֵá

վ
ܹȫЦ˻ϲ£죬ɳⲻϲµĳǳƽû⣬ôһŴ󵥣ҵֱԷ졣
֮кõı֣ȫл뿪ɳǣȥĳǳеܹ¡

ܹصĵط
ϣڱչǴڳ۵ģչԽ࣬׬Խ࣬ڳ۲ż㹻ĻԴʱȻ±λߡ
ҲΪʲôıñȽϹ
Ϊ±ˡ
ߣ~~ܹµͷģַϹϾȻַ峬5%չۣҪȫ5%ۼۡ
£ԸϹ˶һӣȱǮ
дŰվܹڵͱ£ַ뿪ԼĲȱǮˣվԴƲһ޸Ҳңǡ
ַ
ܹµĽãǱȽõģϾԴ޳˳ϵıȲϲȲ١
ֻҪ㹻ĿվҲ򵽵ġ
ǰվ
ֻĵ׼ۣҪĵһףΪ൱ࡣ
мС
ҪôҲ󡣡ַ֪ԼõñȽ϶һԦǲ
ǷǿռԼڵʵ޷á
ʵΪȡ
Ҳ˸ʱ󡣡ַ廹ǱȽģҪԼδôõʱļ֪УٱʱѾǲˣǧʱǼƷ
͸Լģʱ
1:10000
ȻͱeеռûñȣǲͬͣһǶĿռؾһʱʱؼɵ󷨡
ӵʱܰԼʡȴܶʱ䡣
¾㱸ֻǷ硣
ǿԴվ˰ɡַһЦȥסһڿռʱһ߽һϤһԴޡ
Ŀƻ˵ǰһǧ꣬ԼӦ
Ŀռ˳棬սԴޣҵʵŻһʱķԾڡַ
ƾʵ̤㳬ƿżû⡣
ǿԤƵġ
ļԲȶԴ֮ޣȴν漣ǽһϡ֮£ſܷ
ţ
߳ûãַһ
ĿԶֻøոԼİħ僴弱ҴҵԼ۶¶֮ɫַ岻ͣ½Ų
ߣСֵܣ㱩¶ˣҧȵ
¶ַһ
չӣҪ100վץˣɳǵĵ̣㶷ǵģߣ
ߣ
ȥĶ
Զŵ
ֻһڶǡǿ߻Χ۶Ϊ׵һ̬ӣһ˫ͫȴǾƵߣɢһǿϢǻЦݣһģ
ؿǰȻĿǵĻ±־
ǿߣ
Уʵǿ֮һ



1678 
ԣȻһϤӰ
֮ǰԼǸٹӣСөүүպĴϣλ峤¿ƺˡ
ϾУǿָ
ʲôƢ嶯ăȱ
ûʲôֻλȥ͡Це۾ζЦţÿͣϷ۹ΪɾͶǷǷ֪Ƿ
ģħ壬Ա꣬ͷƿڴ
ַŲһЦ
ȴαåȫֱ¶ǿƢǿαЦǳ鶯Σ
ңַЦЦ
ָ壬ַλħֵܸղ˵Ļѵظһ飿
㣡һŭˣ۾Ժ⡣
ԵĹٺƲԳԷƣСӣ֪ʲôطֵҰӸ㣬ҲߣҲߣ
ˣҴ
ңħ˫ȭһձ׼֣˿ʵڶǿǰ棬ȫһ
ַ忴ҲǸж
֮кҲлˣħ֮ҲǶħ޳֮ͽ
ʲôңŭЦֱ֣ヴ壺ǰħ廹ҪأɱˣǰħҲҷһƨ
أַٿؿڡ
أȴԭŵ˲䰲
һ˿Ϣ˭Ҳͷߡ

ǿɲһͨĵطԴİ˴֮һССһɳǣǵܹ¶ǿߣ
Ҫŭ󣬰ɳ̤ƽҲû˸˵һ֡
㡭󣿡ߵЩıӵҲˡ
ģүү˵ģЪ˹ԼҲǲȷ
᲻ְ֪ٵΣգ֪Է˵ĿԺܴ󣬵һô죿
ǳܲ
Ǳ߃ǰԴѡ
ôҲ֪Բ
Ҫˣѫóǿһ£һת
ַ岻ЦΪʲôҪø㿴ΪʲôҪ֤ԼˣǰţžͲ¡̯˫ָָ֣ԼҾǿץҾ
ʵϣԼڵʵҲûʲôá
Ҿ֪Ƶģҧ¶ץסүү϶ƭ˵ģûܼģ
ǱȻԥͷ亹ֹ
治ң
һ˾ٲ
ֹ壬ΪϽΪǧˣ
ô
ץǸղŲǺôбץʱ⣬ȫ˷
߰ɡַԃ˵
ߣץסܻ˺ȵԣĿⶼۼڴϣȴָ
ַ徶ϡ
Ǿԥ飬ȴûַȻЦ΢һžˣô£Ҿ㲻˵Լˣ˵߾ˣ΢¥ˣץô
㣡Ǻӣ˵
ʵµǻַߵǰûаɫһâֱôϵɴͫĿࡣ
һȺҪչ׳󣬲ǿַӴԳ۹ơ
˲ʱ䣬Ǵ˵İΧȦ냴һ뿪ȴûκηӦֻйһЪ˹غţ˭Ҳ
ˣǶµˡ
ȴҰ¡
үүƭ˵ģ϶ˣôܰˣǿ100վٺۣԴܻغ
ž
˫̧ͫ־һİƣֱȷɣһ±ơ
֪˭ôŭЦȷˣĹҪҶΪУ
£죬һͻΪƽأ
ֱˣ
һŭ޴йףȫֱ
û£һһƫƫֶ˶ԷֹӴˮȫ͵ʴףϻβϰë
£ϻˣ
ߣҧŭͨ죬һ±ƵĹ٣䱩ŭȥ



1679 ħ
˼ֵַܣûʲôæڨȻһЦ
ûе¡ַ΢ЦŃ壺лðǰ棬֡ΪԼɵ壬ηʮѵá
°ħҪϢ档
庨ȻЦСֵж֪壿
ַЦЦ
䣬˻ô
ˣ˰ɣַת⣬ʵ
ˣֻͫ׶ڷ⣬Ϣأ˷ޱȣҵʵܸһ¥ܿܳΪǿߡ
СֵģҳΪǿߣȥ߾150վ㣡
ַҡҡͷˣղѾˡ
һ
ַЦо仰ֵǧղΪֹ150վȡ
ʲôҲæҲûϰ
ⲻص㡣ַҡͷˣңصȺô죿Ĵֻ»ô˴¡
ôأ룬ں˵
ַһЦ
σĸԣνԼУ˺˰ħ壬Լȴǹⲻȥ
ԴǧȺŲϺţôһǳأʹҪԸϢİħ壬ôѡ
ǸղǸһ֪ر
ܴȥȺôЩҪѯ峤ַʵ
ᰡһ۾ַ壺ǿԣֵַܣ㲻ħô
ڣʲôַ岻Ц
ԵͷǺЦʵǰħ˸ĵ紾ӣħɱϲɱ¾ԡ
˶٣Ǹַ̾壺Ȼֵַܲ⣬Ȼû⡣
ַš
һ֪٣ӃĸԱɿħòħɱ¾¾һȺϢ棬ǿɼһ㡣
Լȷʵ£Ҫһħ峤
ʵԴ޵ħвֵһᣬΪ峤һȺͷ죬ôʶһ㡣
м£ܸԼһ𰸡

ħ壬סɳС
ʮȺһհϹϾ԰ħʵûΪֻ̨Ϊū塣
һһȺΪūôѾԶˡ
ƩַԴյĵһūġԴ޼Ѿ˶þҲֳ֡
ҲǾԵġ
һȺȫߣɱ¾͹ʱֻʣ²λȫΪūȺи껳Ѫ͵֪ܶ£Ӳūݴһ漣
ָ߱ɣɱ¾вң
Եһ죬һΪ˴ΰֽԴް˴󶥼֮һġ̡
һ֮ȺΪܣ
гһҲҪĴһȺаŶ־ȼܻ档
Դǵ确񡯵ĴڣΪһǿĽ
־ߣ¾ɡַͷ
˵츳ôֶһɲģ־Ͷģıܶණ
ֵַܣҲܳɹ𣺡˵ҳ˵Σ쿪˵Ϊһ롮̡ʸ񡣡
̣Դް˴󶥼֮һ
ǿɱ֯
ûÿһԱǿʵôԼ˵ǿ߶ʸ
ΪʲôܣַԼûģôɹ
ģüëһؿڵ
ַһЦ
룬ʵѵĴ߻
Ń밬ħȺ֮УΧͶĿ⣬Ǻһĵ嵹Ҳϡ棬ַ岢ˡ
ĿַϰΪµɨΧ
ħ˶̓ƵڰƤһħƣβһţƣǵ츳ߣħǲġ
ȻҲˡ
ǲҲûħ屩ɱ¾Ϣȱһǿ߱ܡ
½ܳΪ½Ȩߣ˵һɷ֣ͬǿĿռ츳벻ϵ
ֵַܣԵһ¡
šַͷ
Լ㰬ħ岻ֻǼµµȺ峤ϾҲǿߣԼ˵ܼġ
ЃæӦûʲô⡣
ȻȴûãǹЦݼ߶
ֵַܣҴȥ
š



1680 ƽ֮
ֵַܣǵ峤ɳжǿߣ
峤Һֵַ࣬ܣ
໥ܵ
ַ壬峤ַ֡
ǺǣСֵܿˣǰħ˵ءȻЩѿ൱ƣַղδκư֮ɫ
֮£ͬ㽲ˣ峤¼ҶԵһˡַ
Сֵˣ㵽ͷϡ峤ֵ龭Ѿ˵ˣɷģ竣ûӸҶǰħ塣
ַֻǴǨŭ
һȷʵûʲôüɵүүǴȴǺڵģʵǵλڰħ֮ϡ
峤ԥ£Ҳпԡ
ģҰħҲǺ۸ġͫһΪС¶Ұħ嶯ߣǴשߣ˭˭
ַЦЦ
Լˣħ嶼ħ壬ħѪҺΪЭʧȥҡ
ԭԼﰬħһѣڿˡ
̫飬ԵԼǡ
Ȼ峤ģͲˡַһת⣺ʵ˴ι峤һҪ̡
ޣ峤һʲô£
ġַ߰ħӡ֮渵Ȼ˲٣Լ֮Ĺϵ
ħǿߣǱӡģսӲ1%
ʵϣǽ߰Ƕƿߣ۷ʱڵʵԼҪǿ̫࣬ڽħ˵
ǶԴޱӡģȻ⡣
˻Ϊһ֮Ӧ֪һ
ӡ峤üͷ΢壬˼ص˵ͷСֵô˵ʩչӡľ֮ͨ
šַͷ
ܷӡ۷߰ͽħȻǿ
Ҫ߰ͽħһΪԼӦǣʱԵȥԼ輴սܽ⣬Լһ
Լɲ⿿һĹƣĴҡС
̫ɿ
֮ǰǴҪƣԼҲûκãȫʢ״̬µ߰ͽħͲɵˡ
߰ͱǴϸǿ
ħ˵
СֵܼЦ°Ī峤ЦһʩԷӡǿʵԶ֮ϣֶθδš
ַͷ
Ԥ֮С
ԼѰһֱ峤æ⿪ǿ߷½ȷһУԴֻͨǿߡ
Сֵа˴Լǿߡ峤
ֻȰ䲼񣬿ûа취
ȻСֵҵħȲ룬ӡӭж⡣峤ûһṩ˼˼·
ַħʲôط
峤ħԴħľۼ֮أħ磬ħǿߵĴӪħǿˣӡȵȣʩԽȡ
ѽķӡħȶҵƽ֮
ַ𣺡ħںδ
峤ͫҡͷ˼Сֵܣħλǲ͸¶ģΥΪħıѣ⵽ħ׷ɱ
˼ַǸ
û¡峤ҡͷѰħȣСֵܻǱ̫ϣȥȰ䲼ɣֻҪ㹻ߵͽ𣬻ҵǿ߰æ⿪ӡ
ãл峤Ľ顣ַӦ


һַеظܵ˰ħ飬ȺǺÿͣ൱죬ûаңǢദ
Լ˲ѡ
ԃ᲻ã÷ֱĻҪֱһ·ַδټٺߣͨռ䴫뿪ɳǡ
ǰȣ
66ȣ֮ǰԼһ
ǴͻȥһȽַ嵹Ĳôں̫෴ۣ˳Ӧ⡯
⿪ӡôַૡ
߰Լȥ䲼10վơ
ȣͽԽλԽǰ10վߣҲǰλ֮УƵҪ󣬸޴ע
Ͼǰλͣʵܶ඼޷ɻѶȿƵġ
էһһȫµĸͣĿ
ʲôӡôվ
ֻǽһӡͻôվǮûطˡ
̫ݳˣ
᲻һַ򾲾ȴš
10վʲôҵ⿪ӡķٶ༸ԼԸ



1681 ռ
ǰ䲼ˣϧС
ͽȷܶ࡮ʿ˺üǿߣһȫʧܶ飬ǿķӡΪ
Ԥ֮С
ַҲûܼ򵥵ܽ⿪ӡ
ӡ߰ͽħģǿߣ֮Ҫ⿪ӡҲҪǿߵʵϡ
ȣҵǿߡ
ǿߣζսѴﵽƿ޵Уǿ߻ϲȳ֡
ȣʺһǵǵǿߡ
ִ塣ַҲֵڣżԴޣʵĻûʲôã·Ҫһߡ
һ66ȵĸֶһʱӹĺƽ
ļֵȻһ࣬ҲһЩӰ˵񣬵ؼɮ٣ǿ̫࣬Щȱվǿ߶
ʮ䣬ַ岢ûʲô̫мֵ׬վ޴˵
νͲȱվ֮Խǡ顯ϤԴޣЩͽı񣬽̵ַϲһЩ̽Ѱ
ΪԴÿʱÿ̶ڷ仯˭Ҳ֪һЩʲô
ʶԴܻһЩصĵɽȣĶɽȵȣЩҪĵĵźܶ̽Ѱ
̽Ѱͽ𲢲ߣȤ
ңĳкܶ౦ۼֵԶʤͽ𣬵ȻĵѶȺΣܴͬ
ַ˵һ˳ȥҪҵһЩɿĵĵ򼸺ǲܵģͲͬˣȳֿ񣬺ܷ㡣
ֻǣǿߵĿ񲢲࣬ǣǿߵҪһЩ
ϾѶȰǱߡ
ǿߣڰַʱǱޣ1:10000ʱˮȻͱeеʱؾûıȣȻͬ
ʱöûϵǺġ
ռ߼⡮ռˡ
ʵȽ˵ҾܳΪĶƿߣսԡ
ƿżû⡣
ַһľǿռ⡣
սҪʵȽͬҪԽǿʵܷӵսԽ󣬰ǿȵεɱ䣬ĸӦȵȣʵȽϵ
ռ߼⡮ռ֮ǰɺʹģȻֻһ֣ʵ
ڣӵиǿռԴޣռĸһǧ°빦
ʮ꣬ѽӽȫ
ԭˡɫתַſռԴ޵Ŀռ̫ԣɫе츳ӵ쾡¡
ռĸ򣬸͸
ǿռַ΢΢˫ͫ¶һĨ⣬˫һԶһռͺƾֹһ㣬˲һѸټѹʱ伫޵ؽ
ǹĿռ⣬Ҳ
Ϊַ岢ǷȱֶΣҿĿռ;㷺һЩ
кɫҵĿռ츳Ȱ˳ʲռܷӳ㹻ǿַʵ⡣
ǿ߾ǺңԶ
ǿߣսҪﵽƿ
ʱ˵ԼԲúԶ
սԴ޵ǱǶһ˰ɡַ֪ԼȭȱޣԴӵи
ٶһ߼ռ⣬ҲʵԵı仯
ҪôǷںϣҪôǵ磬߶һ֮¡
ȥʲôɡַ廹ǱȽϲ
ȱϲս̽δֲ֪ȷԡֻǶʵڲ֣̽Ѱ񣬸һ־ͱ˸⡣
һչؾͼģûܽӵõ̽Ѱ
֮ǰζͨͨջ񲻴
ȻûСַĿɨ񹫸һУֻʮЩûԸģַҲûʲôȤ
Ȼ񣬵ĵ
ˣֵܣˣԶһСĿӣһѱӸߵĹһֵǰǵѫ¡
ǿߣ
ַ֡תͷк
ʮԼҲʶ˼ѣ֮һ֮ǰһִй̽ѰӶʶ֮⣬`ˡ
ôӵôЦ˹
ַôףֲǲ֪֡ĿƳȥַǿ߶ԡ
ѹڴͰ͵ģʲô취̯̯֡
ַȥȿ
ҡͷ⴫ͷѾһʣһܽӵõʵĸȶһɮ٣Ӳӵõˡ
Ҳǡ
ʲôͬ
ַεüչ
ðû̽ѰֵҲȥʮȥô



1682 
һʮա
Դ֪ΣյĵһҲᣬʮ֮ͬΣ֣ǣǿ߽Ŀ൱֮һǿ߾͸˵ˡ
ַüͷ΢΢һء
ԼȻ֪ԴʮգԭսǼʱٽ룬ϾսչǣʵЩǿ
ڽȥ᲻̫ˣַ
硣ܶӵܾǴӶǼʼһҪڲΣյĵ֮ӦһҲ
ַͷ
ԼҲ˵֮ΧΣնȿܲߡ
ϧҶʮղϤַ룬ܵԼŸϤ66ܱߵĻֻǸϤһ㡣
Դޣܴ
ʮղ˵ԴôһֱصĵλҪǿ˵˵ô򵥣Լ֪ǿ߽ʮգƽļʸߴ˳ɡ
ǿߣƽҲɡ
Ȼǿһ㶼ǽʮڲΣҲͬ
ֵܲĻԺһͬС
ţַһ
ʼ磬εû취ѹڴֽӲֻȥʮ֮ðˡҸ޹ǴкˣǶû⡣
ַһ
Ҳ⣬һȽߣҪվԴĻңǡǿʵڣ
Ͳǿߣ`ǶǿߣܾͨҲнǿߵʵ
ƽʱҲϹˣǿҲһսʮֻΧεûʲôΣաֵȤҲһɡ
һҲ޷ֵͲá
ַЦЦ
ʵԼȷ籱պòһǣԼķΪл춴ѷɫǣǿ
ò˵Ľ
˽Ϊ飬ֹΣ࣬Լܽ˽һʮգұ˴˶кദĬûκ⡣
Ǳ`Զ
Ǵȥĸ֮أַʵ
ʮ˸֮ظص㣬ҪѡҲǼ׵¡
а򡣡ԥ˼ʮ죬һıͨѡǰа򡣡
ﲻǸΣôַ岻⣺аʮУΣճ̶ǰλΪʲôѡģ
ʮգǿߵƽ伸ǰ˳ɡ
һƽЩΣճ̶ȵֻͣɡɣЩ伸ʴˣа伸ʸߴųϡ
ΪаСа
˵ַͷаֻӰǵôѵֵ
Са겼аΧȻûڲаôŨҲǲףڵааȵȣаٲãףһײޡ
˫ѪɫзףôɱڱضСаġ
аĻһֵġ
ٿһЦȻǵĿ껹аҪҵһаǿˬˣȥа޲ͣ޺ܸߣʺǡ
ң޹ʮκһڲ򶼻Σգʮһⲿֺܰȫ
Ȼˣѡһߵġ
ңа66ȲԶʡȴһЩͷ
ַȻʧЦ
ͷöڣؽϡ
ôȱǮôַ岻Ц
ȱǳȱĿƳַϵ۷춴Ľ֮ɫҵʵѾӽǿˣΪȱǮ˺õװһֱ޷ͨˡ
ܳΪǿߣӵٲȱǮ˷ܵ
ǿߣǿǸˮ롣
εǿߣԴ޶Ѿǿˣƿ۷壬ʶεǳ֮࣬һǿͲôȱǮˣ߾˺ܶࡣ
ҿ£ʲôʱַʵ
ûǼƻʮֵȤʱڴǡ΢Цˣúÿһ¡
һġ

һѵõĻᡣ
ַû죬˾Ŀĵص񣬵ȥ˵ûԼǿȥаˡ
ȻԼֻжʵǿߣаΧҲûôΣգһԡ
аġаȻħֻ֮һϢ޷⿪߰ͽħմȾаأ
԰ɡַս
ڽаǰŬ磬̽ս



1683 ԭ߾
ӽ޵ܫŵַ崴ĵҲڲ쵶ٵ裬ֹʮơ
ܫһСֻܷ辳40%ڶСնֻܷ50%кܴռ䡣
Ĵûô򵥣ؼǶԵ
ֻ40%ôҪ70%80%ĵȫܵġ
õİ취ʵս
ֻսɱ䡣
ȥ߾ɡַתǰ߾ҲʵսܱһЧʵö࣬Ҷ֪һԴǿߵĹʽҲ
߾ÿǳضС
ַ岢δѡɳǣһϴɳ֮ôɳ̫С߾ģǷȱ
µս߾ڸԵĳǳнС
ʶǳԽԽ߾Խ𱬡
ԭǡַͨ˸һģʢĳǳأǳűɳǸ屶ϣǳվǿߣǶǿߣޱ飬һ˿
ɳǸûΪҪ
ԭȺ޴󣬸ǿ߻ۣһַ𾪲ѣȥǳعģޱȣ֮޵˳Ҫʮֹ
˼ˣСﴨϢмӰǡ
ԭǿѲ飬ά򣬽ǳعľ
壬ֻеȺ
ԭ壬ȴϵȺ
ֹ
壬ǿѾǿߣֻǸѲߵͳӳǿߣڴԭҲǡ
һԭ壬ߣֻܺɨ˰ɡַ̾
޵ʺʹԭȣֵһᡣ
ԴЩȺ߷½һվأԴվصĺ߶Ĵޣֻⲿѡ
ǿȣ޴
߾Ӧúַ֡ܿҵ룬΢¥һÿǳ֮У߾ǵرͽ
޴߾һ״ṹ㡣
ÿһ㶼Ҫѫ²ſɽ룬һһǣڶǣǣȻΪĹۣ۽һ㶼û⡣
һ㣬ơ
Ϊܼ򵥣㹻Ŀվ
շѣ߾ҲѾܸԣˡַĿƳշѣʵ࣬õҲֻ࣬ǡۿȨѡ
һݵַûȤΪ¶˵ֻСǮ
Լ߾սǹۿġ

Ѿʮʤˡ
ǳʤ˰ɣ
ԣôףʮϵĶǰ׽׶εĶ֣Ϊսôõð
ʲôܵģǧսҶá
ǣҿһԣ
ַ߾㣬һ֮۵Ǽеһսǿƶս׽ǿӡ
˵ƺЩ
ʮսңǧսңַĿĴɨⳡսûʲôȤԵǺܺ档
ֱʰɣ˳Ǽһս
ַ˫һҵ۴ĵǼǴ
߾ĹԱǼǣű¼ȵȣһڹԱæµţַ˹ȥ
áַ
ˣԱ̧ͷַһۡ
šַͷ
ߣϵãԼٲȻס
ѫ¡ԱԼ࣬ʮ٣ַȡ¶ѫµ˹ȥڹԱһһ£ܿϡ
ľ¡
ַֽӹͶѫ²ͬºСӡ߾ıʶƷҲܼ򵥣Լõǹ֮ͭɫ
¹֡
ͭ׽ꡣ
õľǹͭ£ǹͭ׶Σʮʤɻ£ʤɻð׽£ǧʤɻ¡
²ͬսսͽҲͬ
ضߣԼúÿһ¡
԰գԱֱӽϵĺһᡯϷһ˹ʼɫƽĮȫ򻯡
ַӹҲδ
˼ǹԱҲǺԼһģһĶǿߣұۺаʱ
ҪǼǱôԱ̧ͷ
áַӦ
һСʱ121ű䳡ԱѸٵؼ¼ͷҲ̧˵
ַͷ
漴šᡯ뿪
һСʱô硣ַΣһڶǿȫһ£ȥһҲظ˹ȥ



1684 ս
ԭ߾ڣеǰʤս
ַ˽1ű䳡֪ͬʱ͵ı䳡ΪϯʱУޱ֡
ս˫ڱ䳡ϣϯ֧߷׷źľ
䳡룬ٲҲǾλϸؽŽս˫һǿƣһǰ׽ǿӡ
׽λٲȻҪһȡ
λа׽֤ɹʤսһǿƣĿǰǾʮʤֻҪʤһܳΪ׽ǿߡ
ס
֣ѹ˶٣
ѹ50վ1:1.8ʸһ㰡
GѹˣӦѹӵģʤѵģƵһսͳƣһսʧܵļʸߴ95%
ɣ
ȻΪأ׽λô׵õһܻðսҡ
Ҫǿʣ1:1.2ѹ̫ˡ
̫ҲҪѹ룬׽λʼҪλǿһ㣬˼ǻʵɹʤܳΪ׽λģ԰ɡ

ַŶͽۣһЦ
ͬ߾һ޴룬ҪȻƾֵϸ߶սͽԼֻǹͭλμӾ1վս2վĻʤ
͸ˡ
ǣǼսߡ
ЩԼûȤַһ߷еġᡯһٲߵĽܣȴűĿʼ
ϣٲȻ߾һغͽܡ
ַѸٵһҳһҳײ١
սҺǧսҶ߾еģһǿȣһռ֪ģҴӲֻۣ߾µ߿ɻá
⣬ͨʤٳǧˡ
սлʤ𣬻ңѹ߾˺ַ֮͡ҲǸ̾
߾ܻԼƣѹܳΪ˴󶥼֮һ
սҡַҲãƾڵʵҪõ췽ҹ̷ʣһعʵҲܶࡣ
ǧսңҲ롣
ʤͻʤͬ
ʤҪѵö࣬ÿһսĶǲͬĶ֣նʮʤȻǵַ֮Ŀȥһֱ۵ǿߣÿֱ϶һѱսԡ
Ȼһóǿߡ
һߣһŰɫȹŮӣòһֺصĸоִ续Ƴȫ˶Աȡ
黳ȡֱַ壬Ӻǿ
׽λǿߣȷʵͬ
ţǱٲʼֱİѱһǿĹƣܽѹô
İѽ
̬죬ж̽⽣
ֲַͬĽͬʱַаզ࣬ǷñѾ˲𣬴ʱĸǿͬʱΧޱĬ
þʮʤȷʵַ尵̾Լ뵽ս֮Уͫ亹ɸȻ¡
ǿ
Լʵǵֵ
~~
ַۣȴһַӻһ΢磬İƵĹǧɫӰŷ綯ۣŹ䡣
Ĺһȡ
ΧźУԽԽͣܲ͸磬һŮٲȻ֮ϡ
ҪˡȻʤ磬ַⳡսûô
ƵʵӺܶࡣ
һλһǰ׽λһ֮ȷʵԡ
ȻΧһ֮̾£ƺ˱Ȼ飬ƲδʲôˣįȴԳҰܴġ
һͷβĲҰܡ
ƵʵԶѷӡ
ʮʤεȻԻͣƺܵȾˣ
һҪȡðʤ׽λȴݺݵصͷȣͷת򣬶ƵĴν
ѹ˵һսʤļ΢΢ַӣߴʱ˫ִ΢΢ò
˵һҪıΪ˾Ҫͷ
ӶԣֻǺƽһα
ӮΪʵȶָǿ
׽λĶǿ߾Ѿǿߵλʵжǿַ¶һ˿⣬֮ǰ߾ΪȻڡ
УȽܻ档
Լս
սսǧΪ߾ߵλ
һսǿַĿ룬뿪λ߳1ű䳡ʱҲൽˡ
ǰ121ű䳡ʱμԼһ߾ı



1685 һٻ
ֻۿһѾ
һˮƽߵսƺӵĶս൱ʣ侳Ѫڡ
սַʱҲǺ˷ܡ
սǿ
121ű䳡λֻǧ1ű䳡ȫûñȣΧλϿžųɣûʲôڣֻһЩţһЩְҵͽ
ԼĶ֣ͬǸˡ
һ˵߾Ķսˣ˶ˣͬλ¿ʤʤʣӽĶսսһεһ㲻ٰŶԾ
šַǰ˵΢΢һͣ·壬Ȼַ塣
ƺ벻Ķֻᰲο
ַ嵭Ȼͷ
óԼķˣԼû´ӦǺ̓һǣȻ߾
һм˲ţ
ַȻ⡣
ٲԱһ£սһղŻŵ걩һٿرҪռȻ
ŵð취ȫȫͶս
ʱǿеضƽţʵ䷴
Ϊͷ
ַ弸ζѸٵطŶһֱӱǸɾؽսսķѲʮ룬Ѹײڶ֮١
ţ
ٲԱҲһ¡
ΧϯҲǰĿ׷Ͷַ壬ž޺Ͳ죬ͽ۷⣬˵ַ¾籦һ㡣
ˣױ䣡
ְҵĶͽܴھʲô
ַʤٲԱַǰδǻعŵĶ֣ĿȻתȥ

ڶ

ĳ
ɣַÿһɹء
ѹԵʵʵַʵȶǿ˶٣ǰĶԾ鲻㣬һʵӲʮɣܷӳ˳ɵĶֻǸ𼸸
ʵһ棬һ档
ֱַſʼһЩ谭ϵĶֻϾͲʲôˣһЩḻ֣һЩʵǿ֡
ȡʤ
߳ȵػʤ
ڰ˳սʮغϺַ
8ʤ0ôַսʤԼ󣬶ֵսǱ8ʤ0ȡʤԼΪ7ʤ1ֱԭΡ
7ʤ10ʤû
Ҫһ׶ελҪʮʤ
ȤַȤɴҲȥˣ߾жܱյңֻҪվܾס
ëϣԼ˰˳ս8վ14վ
ȻЩ󣬲νҰվַȱǮ
ǿ߿߾׬ǮҲ̫ȱַҲ֪߾ջǱȽϴģֻڹͭλλս࣬ࡣ
ÿֶʴȣֶϽ߾ʱᷢ
ǳе£ͬɱ⡣
ǿ߶Ӳ
Լķڶǿ֮ǱȽͻģֶθһٲԱһԣϾҲô
ڶʮս
һ֣սַˡ
Ϣ죬ַٿս
һһ֣ͣ㣬ͣڻʤʧǿ̶̲ʮʱ䣬ַÿһֵٶսʮ֣ˡ
Щ⣬Ҳʲô
߾Щʲôǿû˵սʮ֣սֵĶУÿһֶǰս
֮£ַʮսѷɫࡣ
ʮսһεڶͰܱõһΣھųܱûʮۻ㹻ྭַ壬ڵڶʮһʱӭһʮս
֣λĶǿߡ
ذܱ
ʵ԰ַҡҡͷ֮ǰĶʮ֣ԼÿһܣǼսȻµİܱһǺİܱ
ߣȫͬ
ʼҵʵֻǸͻƶƿżַףĶǿߣԼвپ롣
ԶĲ˵ǾʮԼ򲻹
ʮĶ֣λĶǿʤԼһ
ʮĽеġ
֮죬ִַʮսʧܸգս뱱Լõʮʱѵ
ˡַ嵹Ҳû̫һδεսʵдһ
ԼʵսȥʱҲʲôͻơ
ĿǰԼʵΡ
ͭλλмΡ
һٻġַ˫ͫͻûаٺͷеֻǰﶷ־ͲȲ뿪߾
һٻһΪߡ
ַͷҲء
ܻȼգԽսԼԽȤ




1686 `
66ȣռ䴫󴦡
Ҿ˵ֵܿ϶İɡ΢ЦϵĹԣɢĹ󣬺ĳãԵñӢ
ɶˣһ֮ɫĲȡ10վȥȥ
лˣһ
ַȻʧЦ
ΪԼ϶ˡ
˼֣ǮˡַЦŵ
һСǮһӣȴȫ⣬ͭĴԴ˻ΣмƳΪǱôҪ10վƾҪ޵ˣ
ͷɲҪڮңʲôʱˣ۵
ѹڴͰ͵ģôģ~ߴŮģűЦݣһЦٻʢ㽿ޡ
Ц޹˵ĺã
޹һ
˭ˣȫҲų`һ˫ֲȵʣƯдôдô
˵ţ`ˮĴ۾ַ壬üëһ
ûַ΢Ц޹ǳƯ
`ԣž˲ʱתƣ¶Цһ˫ַ˵ԣÿ쾡˵Ϲ˼ҿһһĴŮ
ǡһף硣
ֹûԣԳˣζͭĴԴ
ĿͶַ壬ѯʡ
ַͷ
Ȼ漴ֵߣǳ
δ䣬ѻŴԴǰȥ̹ǰ㣬`ǹЦݣ΢Դ㣬С
ַЦŸ
`ԼʶĺѣΪ֮ǰһִйԱ˴ѾϤˡ
Ǵç壬ȺֲǿܿţͷֱޱȵĴ׳ƣ˶սģȻķȴֻһ㡣
`壬ȺԴȺƯ֮һȺǿŮ`Ҳ⣬ϲľǱ˿Ư
`Ĺʽóս깥ڶҪǣƣ̽ȷ棬üǹ㷺
ͷǱǴоóļգ缫ߣӽǿߵʵʵʵǿ˼ܣд֮硣
Ψһȱ㣬ǡе㡯̰Ǯ
ַ֪ԼڶеλãԼȻΪ˰Լû˻ôˣȴҶһмֵк
ʵȷʵ
ù÷`ǣǿ
Զ빥޵УһһʵѷһϹ޵Уǣһ
Լ䲻÷һһΣﵽ
ԼĵԽŲ`ϣӵ£Լ뱱ϣһһ䡣
⣬ҲԼ`ϣǣҪˣ峡ȵȡ
ԭҲǲټԼȫ档
Ȼһشԭǡ
Լֵ١
²ԭɡַűıӰǻһĨȡ

ǰа
˶ĿǶ£ʣµľĥϣûѶȣϾԭϾѾĬһַ岢ʹϱҡ
ټ֮ǰִʱҲйʱĺ
ԣ˴˶֪֪ס
صа`Թһ˿ü΢
̲ذħİ֮ϢӢȻȽȽааպӰԣɱ¾иʧԣôͷ
ҲŲ¡
ţСĵ㡣ͷƳַ壺Ӧûɣֵܣ
ַЦЦ
УаֿǿӦþԼˣ֮侫ͨħ֮˵ʵаֹԼû洦
ڶԵӰ죬ûԴʯƾԼ־аҲӰ첻˰֡
ߣаٻأٿһһ˫ĿޱȣȻȲ
ӳˡ`һס
Ц԰һˡ
Ц
ַһЦ
˵ദʮǢռѡ
ĿͶصаʮ֮Σճ̶ǰλŶһû޾а֮Уڰ֮Ѫ
ַȭչµó̡
Լ˵һվ֮н



1687 а
аʴаʮɭɲ
~紵һ˿庮ܱаɼĵʱ޵ĺƬ˼غδ֪
סﲻҪͱִ㣬ͷ˵
ôˣһۡ
̫嶯׾ͱŭִͬаΧģܶ඼ǴӵܣǶûô
ַš
˵ûԼ֧ų̂ûç嶼ֻеȺ޼ǶȺϲɱ¾Ϊһ󶯸ɸꡣ
Լһס
Ҫʲôӵܣ鷳
ǲ鷳ʱ鷳ǰ`С
ܱܣ̰ɣģ׬ǮģԺΪ󡣡
һɣһǵôأ
һգƽ˾ƽ޿̻̣סܶǿǲǧһʱ嶯Լɱ֮
˵ɡ`ŷۺС죺һǶӳԼ̲סء
ô̲ס˫֣Ǿкƽˣ˵ˣ
ַһЦ
֮һ֣ô

˶ǵһνаȫϹӹӣһһǰУұа˽⣬Ȼһͷˮˡ
ǵĿаޣ޹ˣԸ
`֪ǿƬаܼ֮̽ĹؼһԶȺײ鷳ʹˡ
ȻĹǿϾ㣬һսˡ
İɣӳҵġ`Ӱ˸Ĵ̽Ѱţڵӳǲаˣ
ǰĲԶʱЦ
һ飬Ҳ˵˵
ַһЦ
`ȻڿЦ֮ǰҲֻ˵˵аָаıͻ춴֮ͬЧ൱
аԽǿĵ򣬳аĿԾԽߣΧϿԲ
żһΧɮ٣ҪõҲѱȵ졣
а⣬аааͨаġаԴаޣ֮ΪаޣаʵԽǿаļֵԽߡ
ȻԡаΪĸֱ˵аƽֵͣͬʱҲõֵġ
Ϊа޵ɼ
ԡаΪĸֱа֮ضеعʵؾأشеȵȣЩҪԵֺͼˡ
ЩΧҵĿ΢΢
ޣַԶа֮أǸ֪һͷĴڣĿ򱱽ˣȻŶνǰС
ٿء
Ǳߣ`һȣٻӰֱӱǰȥ˷ܵؿһǽ׷ȥظ֮󣬱ϵĴС
ַλٶȲ
ʹȻˣ֫ٶǿʵ졣
ޡַһ۱һͷ¹ţޣ֫ţ׳ǿðŴԴϵ¹
۾Ѫɫġ޺а޵
νаޣ޳аʴñаڰʧȥģͫǷɱ¾Ѫ֮ɫ
ͬȼаޣҪǿ
߳`ıĸһһɷֿɺϣȶɱԿɣͬʱ`ӵͫǿ
ǶǿߣۺսȲ١
Ĺ£ͷ¹ţ޺ܿǰһѪ֮Уֻͨһʵޣ`ǰֽһ
ɡ`ĸ
ҡһԴͷ
ͨ޼ֵ΢΢һǿ˵Ȥռڶǿ˵ȡ϶˷ʱ䡣
Ѹһ
ڶĸ
ַ˲ϵ룬޵ĳҲԽԽƵؽаΧ顣
ϧɱͷޣ޹
ֱڰͷ
ޣͷ޵Ϣ֮ǰЩַͬյ޵ϢȺϢǱȽԵġ
ͷϢԭϢ֮⻹һЩͬ
ͨĸӦȷѷֱ棬ԼǿҐӦӦĲϢԼ룬ܸ֪ͷ޵ģ
ɫƤѪһ㣬ɫİƿӿݣڵٲȻϢͫԼĸо֮ǰͷȫͬ
Ϣǳأ
аޣַ尵ݡ
ԼаУĵһͷаޣ



1688 а
Ǳߣַȸ֪֮`Ƿ֡
츳`ǿǿַ壬ַҐó֪̽ѰܷӳЧ
ַ岢δ`黹ǵ͵á
ֵܣȥ֡Ц˵ͷͰ޹ÿζ̫ˣֵĻᡣ
ңַ
ȥɣֵܣǲζŴԴؿڣҲʵʱһЩ
ַ岻һЦ򱱽Ҫаޣ׬ˣ
ĹأԼһɱа޻ȡаģð˳ɣ֧һɱģ֣ԼΪʵˣһɡ
ܶࡣ
ûϵ΢Ц
ҪҲġֵ
ַЦҾͲˡ
԰գ˳`ķȥһٶȼ졣
СӣȲģôɻаްȻЦ
ֵܵٶȿ찡ȻǶǿߣҸ졣۾ôôжʵ츳á
˫˸ңһࡣ
࣬
ַ֮ǿԶ࣬ɺħ
˲죬һ˵һ߸ȥٿǰһŭǿϢ޺ƽһףʱɴ۾
ɣ
аޣԶԶǿ
ԶҵսһͷɫаѪĿһཻһԱ`ĴߣŻ
ϣдšۡ֡
һͷаޣ
ˡɥԱ߲Ͷһĵ񣬡ӳһŶаֵǮˣ
һף֪ʲôϣСѹڴͰ͵ġ
˺ˣӳͷ綷Զӳȫû취ʵӽǿߣƫƫǮһվҪƽϡ
ߺ漴еսֵܵʵ
ͷͷа䲻ǿƽʵͨǿߣֵܺ൱֤ʵѴﵽǿ߱׼
ͷ֮ǰʱǿһ㡣
ֵܽ˵þݣδаѹס˳صսʵٻһϡ
ţ޹ǲðæˡ
`һֱε⣬ҪΪԷһԼʱַһѡ
ǲԣʵǿģۿսһСѵóۡ
ⳡսַӮˡ
ʵֵܸ࣬侲ǣսӸǿ
޵аޣʵɱˣҲˡһһʧ治֪׬ǿ
ʱ׬ģʱ϶
ַսȣҲĵÿġ
ûʲô£羲ۿսбͲսḻַҲ൱
̾
ʱգ϶ǿ
ҿɲֹǰ˫ͫͶ򱱽ԣҪȳΪǿߣ
԰ͷһƵ顣
˵䣬Ǳߵսǽ
ַɾһնɱаޣԲԶ`˵ͷʾл漴ȡһ̲Ũ֮аġ
͵ĿȴǶַеаġ
ӳ⣬÷˰ɡַԲһаӬͷСԼϾˣ׬һ޷
ߣԼҲΪ׬վ
ôСδ˵µɷһԼȳ׷˵԰ɣӳ
һǳ鶯ǵͷԣԡ
ϰı飬`һЦ˳һ֮ɫϢӳأֵЦˣ
һ죬һű
Ǽ䣬ҳһţ`Цǰ󷭣֦Ҳ
˴ַ֣Ҳ΢ȻЦ֧Լǰκһ֧һ൱֡

һսԽ״̬
ҲǿʼаĹϵа޿ʼ࣬඼ǶǼ𣬺ټǣһа޼ڡ
һ˵аޣаĶΪǼ
չаȴɱ䲻˵ģˡ
Խ룬ԽΣա
ģаҲǵһͷͷһײĶУڼҲٶ飬ѺõĻụкѺõı
һ˵㲻ˣ˼Ҳ㡣
˭ҲûʱȥǶԷ
ޣѰµַٿһ



1689 ȥ
аȺ
֮ǰҲͷаޣֻͷͷǶаޣаΧа޳ųɶǶǵģֻвһɵĿǡ
һΡ
ͷаޣͷаޣַľѣаȺа⼸Ǻܺģһ˵һ޼ͥ
ܶɱΪа޺ȺȴѪԵֶɥʧѪҺеĶһıܡ
֮ǰͷа޾ۼһҲˡ
Σգ
ַѸٵжԼаȺʵԱȣԼ߶ӳͲһһƴͷаû⣬µĿԺܸߡ
`ʵδӮаޣǣǿǣһͷаû⡣
ǣаȺͷа⣬ͷаޣ
Ķ԰ˣһ
ƾУǶʵҪԲһЩַϸóۣЩսԼʵһ˽⡣
ͲǿߣҲ̡
Щط㣬һط߹̡֮ͬ
־ã
Ľķ㣬߳־Уܴ־սķ`ϾֻǶǿߡ
ӮҲȻ˲أˡ
ͷޣž棬`öȻҲǷ֡
ôࣿҲǲѡ
սŨңͷɱаˡ
һҵͷаޣǲջˣʱü춼Ҳһͷ
һͷͷ˫ͫҲǷа׬Ǯģɱһа޾Ͷ׬һ㡣
аļֵ䲻ааҲ͡
׼ǰջ˷ͣϾѾüûҵаˣһҵôͷ᲻ˡ
ȥַٿһͺȣӲס˱ˡ
ôˣֵܣɵ
`ͲҲתͷΪַƽʱٳʲôʶ˶µķɻ`һ˫ַƺһ⡣
ǰͷȫаޡַ忪ڵ
²Ͼ¹ش
Ͳһ£ַ֪ô֪ġ
ȫͷаޣ׬ࣿһ䡣
ǰҲӦһ䡣
ַҡͷУͷаͷаޡ

һΣͲˣɴ۾ַ壬`Ӳû̫Ծһڻַˡ
֮ͨ`֮ǰַ岻ס
ͲӦƫƫʵַȫӦһֻֿܣһַӵж౦ǡ
ַ֮裬ǿ
౦ܺ`һֱڻɣǰؿħ֮꣬൱ˣ
ǿ
쐻ޣڼϣ`ٿʵ
ϡ`ʣַҲδʵ`¶֮ɫסС죺
޹ǵϰɣַ壬·һμһ㡣
`š
ԣ㲻ܸӦֱ޺аޣа޵ʵֱܷ棿`ӣַ壬˶٣֮ǰܸӦ
ַͷ
ҸӦٶȸ죬ӦԶ`ȻѾ֪𰸣ʵ
ַ岢δش
ΪûлشıҪ漴תƻ⣬ַ˵˵ʵҪӮаȺѶȲСԲɡ
ʱ޻ɡ
`ҲӸղŵġȽϡϸ˼ַ˵Ļ˫ʵԱȣܿü
ԵЩϢ
ֵԣаȺǳԲ¡ɫȻ
Զô˵Ǿˡ
ȥġƲƲ죺ƣģͷаȻֵɹۣǮ׬ҲҪǣߣ
ôˣÿϧ
ǰôӳ`Ҳʵ
һۣаа޶ǣʱ仹ɱͷ̰һʱ֮죬Լٲ֮
`ͷ
ȻСз磬ǶԶӳǺεģΪӣ֧ôûʲôӡ
һ㣬δǻ¡
ʵҲδزܶԸַٿؿڵ
ޣô˵`ĿⶼͶַ壬ַĿеĵλٲȻһ㡣
ǿôַ漴뷨
Ųͣͷ˼ۣٵԼ뷨ۣܿ˾
Ͱֵ˵



1690 аȺ
аһƬаݺᣬ֮
ͷаϢڻĲݵϣַͷаģɫǣΰƣë׵ĺβͣھ綾˫צĿǵͫ
ȫѪ֮ɫ
ͷаͷرߴ׳ǵҲͷа޸ܶ񷣬ݡ
ٿȻ䣬һƬ𵴣ռ
ȣһѾ޸ӸպȻ䣬һȫƱŵߣһ㣬ȵľޱ۽ޡ
ĳ֣ս޲ʤսɱ汩ǡ

ʵ˿ͷǶа㣬ͻɱǽƱ¡аȺȻǳصģͷǶаޣ˲䱩¶ɡ
ȻʱһһѸټϮ
߳
͸ǿͲһĿֱָͷǶаޡͷǶа޷Ӧν죬Ȼ˸ֲȻűܰģֱ⡣
ڴʱ
ͣ
ٰӰûռϲеƴһ֧͸ļȾ˵ɱ̲ž˼պٶᵽ״̬
֮䣬Ƕа޵ıܷӦܡ
ܿ죬ٿҲо룬ǶаȻĹ˴ֲڣ޶ΣĸӦǿ
ȫǱܵķӦǶаޱܹһ
Ȼռȴ˲̡
žϣ
ͷǶа޾޴ӰͣɲǣһֱӴ͸ںıըԴըķѡ
߼ռ⣬ռ
໺𣡡һͷǶаޱŭ֣͵תͷ
Ȼʱһ֧編ƣҪظղһĻ׼ǶаôױƷѸٶܷŭ
סַþȫռɲǱ㱻ѡ
εĶ֣ռãԣļٿ죬ֻǲͷǶаޣһ
ʱǰĹѺһڶаޡ
ͷаûͷǶа޵ıֵĵһ˲˴ȫԸĲԲŹûᣬȫܿɱͷ
ৣ~`ĸ˫ϮֱΨһͷǶаޣǣơ
꣡꣡꣡
һ֧֧ƿ֮һͷͷǶаޱУ򲽴
Ծͨյľ˵̫򵥡
ȻԣʵȴһһģҲǼǿɱǶаޣתԸǶаͬ°빦
һͷĶаȺһʼ·硣
һͷͷǶаޱɱʱ˹¾֮ʵǿҲֲַΧ󷢳ұС
ַΧ۶һۣʱЦ
һս
ûˣǰ󲻹룬㽫ͷаȫС
ʵսϵ޷졣
ģַĴָ޵ռʱץüѣսǰ̽ѶϢսã׹
ϣ׹ǷֶٰӳˬʶЦѾ޸Żر
Ŭһ£һһ룬֮ǰ˵ôֵֻһɣֵҲǮ԰ɣ
ַЦЦûϵ
ûô޳ܵĶӳͶԱ
óɸַ塣`΢Ц
Ҳðɡ
ЦѣǴĸѿɡ
ԭķǱ43`2ַ1ͱɱ42.5`1.5ַ2ЩŹ֡
ʵûϵַ
䲻ʹöҲ죬ԼԸ
ǺͶӳͬڶְ٣٣͸ö١`ַ壺ַĸ֪ҸǿԺ̽еͽ㣬ҵİɷȻ
ЦֵҿרĽɱķˬˣҷֵİã˵ӳһʾҲûô
򱱽ĵԣĲʹô
˺ˣǶάԭķַԺһɣһɡҳҧгݣһ⡣
ޣ`Ͳһۡ
ˡ`תͷʼ硣
ǣ˰졣Ҳתȥȡаġ
±һĿɿڴ
㣬ǡָ`Ͳˣ˰죬ٿǺӳƣǣ
޹ͷվס
ôѵǣ
߳ŭıʱ׷϶ȥ
ҳһŵˣַ岻ݸЦ



1691 
ЦЦ䡣
ȻԣҲǷڸСˣóһ֮Ͳɣַ`ɣıͺܺˡ
ϣͲڶĹࡣ
֮ǰһɣΪʱҪ縺ɱа޵Чʼϱַĵǳ׽ŲɱаҪȱࡣ
ķܺҶû顣
ΨǱɥ⼸һֱ߶߶һһ֪ԸҲںЩԣʵԸ񲻻ĵֵҲ塣
ʣ˭ûȱ㣿
һۺ̽׵ȫȨַ壬Ͼ`ȣַ̽Χ㣬֪̽ϸȫ棬а޺ޣʵ
һӣͽʡ˶ܶʱ䡣
ַ̽·ажһӱƽأ˳֣ÿһջջ񣬶ҲԽԽ졣
ڼҲаȺûһаȺ֮ǰһ
ڲͣսУַʵҲȲ
ջҲǼΪ˶
аϾʮ֮أֻҪܴʵ
ΧһǼ£ͣͣҲûоۣϾûʲôΣգնаԽԽࡣ
䣡߳
һƬаַ֮ΧͷаޣʬѻɽΧ£ͷаҲ᧿ΣеѪ֮С
ɡ򵥡
˲֣Цӯӯ
ϵĬԸаȺҲǲѴ֮һаȺʮͷȻѪе¡
һ˵ĶûС
սȡаģ`ܣγĬ`ĸԣѪԸմ˵ȡаˡ
ַ壬սϸζһܽһ¡
ɵϾҪɳͽĿռ䣬˵Ǻ£Զ˵ͬˣַʵʵҲȲ
һΣַȴе㲻һ
ʲôأֵܣ˹
ûзĲһӳַ
ﲻһ
а޳ֵƵʱȽϸߡַ
˵Ӧûʲôɡ
ǿ٣Եа޳ƵʸߣֻãһƬۼľͱȽ϶࣬ѾаڲаǿԵа޶ࡣ
ҲɡַĿɨܣЩ
ԼܾЩʲôطԾ
̽
ƺַ֤Ĳ²⣬ײа޵ƵԽԽߣһ֦ҶĲҲоˣӶŴֱˬ졣
Щӣɱúˬ
ֵܣӦЩʲôʵ
رŨаرаޡַһ˵ĸо
а۷⡣
ˡһ
`ЦаôΧҵӳҲֲǣӦһڡֱͨаڲаرŨΪаǴаڲġ
ΪаŨԻ㼯رаޡ
ַͷ
`Ʋףаܴͨаڲֹͨһ֪ľδ֪ĸʤ
Щ֮ͨΪڡ
ҵʵôҲ󣬱ϾڲǱأʵͨڽаڲ֮·
ʵǿߣһڽǽ
ðɡʧ
ôַĿɨܣаûһ̶ķΪԴÿʱÿ̶ڱ仯ζڸı䣬ټааǣѱ档
ʶÿͬķߣҲһҵԭȵ·

طЩ֡˵һ׺ߣһ˫ͫŶϣǰѫ¡
֮Ϊһѿֻɫö꣬ӱ⵶һսսѥһںɫöĻ
ڶ壬Ԭm
һżѰ֮츳ĶȺ
֣ڶԬm
ǰ׺ߵаԶʤӦһڡ
ڣʲôֵġڶԬmΪ
ǰ׺ߵǲ棬δķھͲͬˡĿȻһɨǰ׺ߵϷ֪аķûһġ
ڶԬmȤаڻûķڣ
ǰ׺ߵȻУÿվضУԴÿʱÿ̶ŵãЩԭķڻ¶ЩǸ˻Եˡ
ɴ˿ĻԵ൱ϲ
ڶԬm۾ЦŵͷҵĻԵȻǲˣûķʲôô



1692 а
̫ˡǰ׺һ
֪ϵа˵ģδ¶мĿϵڵаڲҲδ֪̽
ڲ
ڶԬm˫ͫʱ
֪δ̽Ѱڲжֵ˵һдѵааعʵаĴڣ
⻹ֻǱɽһǣδ̽ĵжٱԹ
ֹаڣϵڵⲿҲһ̽Ѱǰ׺΢΢һЦϲζ׬硣
ã˵ĺãڶԬmѣٿȻһڶԬmɫ΢΢һ䣬д
ţǰ׺üͷҲ
ĸӦȻǿϺڶ츳Բд˵ﻹߣҲ˷ڣ
ߣȥڶԬmͫ۶ǰ

ԶַһȺа޼սš
صѪаȺʱѱɱƬײַͫǷΪǷһ͹ͷ״
ƬаȺ
ڵɫʣһЩ߲ʣȴ̲ǿⲢͨаеһֿʯ
а
̲аĿ
Ȼ¿ֻССͷڵµģ˭Ҳ֪һڵж೤
ˣˡͣ߶ţֻ۾ǳ$$ͣؿа
Сĵ㰡ӳ`ĸ˫ɳɱ˱һͷѱشаޣǱ߲Ӹ⣬Ц˷ޱȡ
ԭа󡣡ַȻ
һע⵽ˣԲ񱱽ʧ̬οĸ֪ԶֹǰһЩ
߳
ַ棬նɱǰаޣĿǰһаǿаǿö࣡
ڲ򵥡⼸춼߻ƣַĻɵȫ϶
һѱķڣôаڣ¶ڵر֮ϵģ˵ӦУǰ滹иааڡ
Ϣȷ
ĿԲԶַȻһЦ
ӳʱһ˷ͽаǿߣʵӽǣ红ͯһ㣬ʮȤ
ӳǡַҲǺЦ
֪ǰ滹иа᲻˷ܵû赹
ʰսַ֣Ͳһȡаģ򱱽`ȥʱ˶Цݣڼ֮ɫ
ǣΪ׬Ǯ
аֵ࣬ߣڵĿа
ԶаļֵߵĶ࣡
ˣһţһ߲ͣװһȲ˵ʲôˬô
˵ӳҲһ㰡Ӷ
ʲôôǮҲԸ⣡ͷҲأɴھаǱ`¶Цĸ˫ѸոаЧʱȱɿˡ
˶ӳÿ޸ζŴԴ
𣡡ŵһ࣬һȥҪаȫô죿
ġַ΢ЦڣĿû٣òɣӳܽʡܶʱ䡣
û٣һ᣺ɡ
`ƳޱȣַаܸӦ
ַţаֻһ㡣
ŬŬ죬ǻѪһˮ˲Դǿ֪ûô
Ƿϵģõ˲һЦ
ܼһЩѾˡ`Ц
ǰַЦűҪɶӳЩаȫ㣬ҵ֣㿴ô
ңģ۾ʱ
`΢΢ȣһ˫ַ壬ٿ¶Цݣǰӳ㲻ǳ˵ϣСЩа󶼸㣬ġ
ͳͳ㣬См
˵㻰һ˫۾ɵüһţʱһǰ㡣
˽һЦ
ĶȱˣûһƬаھһգȫаõֵıЦúϲ£죬ͣ˵ллллҹ~~
ÿӳ`Цݡ
ô̯ԵĶӳζŴԴ
ַЦˣ߰ɡ
ȥĶ
`Ƴ˲һۣǽ꣺Ȼȥа
ʲôһ㶡
`ַָָ壺ַ塣
ַЦɵĶӳ˵˰ӳЩģûˡ
ûûݡȻૣٿ͵һ飬ɴ۾аУ
УǡַЦǰȥ
࣬٣׷ʵ
ٱַȻǰ`ЦˬʵĴЦ˫һеаһء
Щ򣬵ȵң



1693 ǿľͺ
һƬа
ڵɫʣһЩʵ㣬аֹ֮ǰһͷССһССıݣɫĹɹ̫¡
濴Ƿǳ𺧡
ģ֪ж١
ޣ߾ֱۣ˷ܵغ
`ַ΢Цգգ۾СĴָ
ַ֮һЦ
ԣӳɴ˫ۣ쳣૵öаö࡭
ÿ˶ӳЩûˡı򣬳޸󺰵޹ÿ˵ţһС֮С
޸ȻУƬռ䡣
ַ΢Цؿţٿ֮һݣͫ
Ϣ̽Ѱ
ǿϢ޹ǿַ尵ʱֱ˿ӦʱǲͬģΪаΪڵĴڡ
öడ壡`ǰʹ֡
ʱڲУа¶棬ɢ俪֮ǰǶа嵽⻹ȫ
ˡַ΢ЦӦһ˹ȥ
¶ԷûнһжԼҲʲôΨۣҰ

ԶģǺڶһˡ
ڶԬmˡϡһںڶ徫ӢʱɫЩء
Ѿ˷ڵܡϳ
ԬmһʵΣ
ϵĸǿߡ
ԬmǺЦֱɱǣ
ҡͷ֪Էϸ
ڶǿΪԴ޶ȺԬmڶԶֹһԬmĵλҲԱԸһ㣬ԶﲻӰڶĵز
ͬǶȺҲв𣬺ڶֻǶȺƫģʥ壬ĶȺȺûñȡ
Ȼԭ壬ĦϵȺҪǿö࣬еȺڶȫ
ĴϣʵǿҲǿߣڶֻһ˾ʵ
̫ԡ
Ҫȥ̽̽ףԬmʵ
üԷδķڣôֻݾߡĿԶϳֻ취ҪộҪô֡
֣Ԭmü
ѰƬδķڵȾָ
ûķ֣ԬmֱӱǷϬλô˷бλҶܽǰʮ
ϵͷ
ΪԬmˣҲ֪
ˣео
ޣôУԬmʵ
ǷһĨȣȥھǾȥģзݣƾʵᡣ
ǻҪһЩԬmܲˬ
ҡͷҪģ˷ᡣԷ̨Ӳǽʱɱһ̧֣ڶͷ˴Ҳӡ
Ԭmͷ
漴һЦԷɵǣÿ̨Σգô˸ĨӵĶɱ
Ԭm˼ԷȲ¶ɽֲãǵΣ
ǾֻӦˡϳһ㶼ǵУܲǾͲǣаʵҲ޷˶ࡣ
ϺǺһЦĿɨڶ徫Ӣʮ֮ࡣ
սаͿ˭˶ˡ
ô졣Ԭm˼
Ȼϲɾɱߣ޿ɷϰϵףģðϸġ

Ǳߣַѽаȫס
˵һƬаֻͷСĻƬаϴСʤʮջõС˶üЦˡ
ӳ
ǣǺ~~ЦڨЦöడ
ǰӳڵˬȻЦ
֣ÿ˵õҲ֮ǰƬа`գˮĴ۾ЦЦضԱ˵
ڨЦնʱ̣΢΢鶯ǣǿľͺá
ǺܿİŴ۾ű㲻ôӳ
һ䣬ַ嶼Ц
ȴǰ㲻`ֱѱᣬһ΢΢Ǻ죬֧֧˵
ӳȻ֮ǰõʱ࿪ģô`Ц
ллллҹ~~ģűʱı飬Цúϲ£졣
ǻڲ޲øԼ⡣
ʱͷѡֹǴֱǴˣ
ַһЦ
߰ɣһطַ˵
𣡡Ц
š`΢ЦӦ
͵̧ͷȥ
ȻȥµаˣӳعͷƲƲ졣



1694 鷳
Ƭа
Сɽһаʱһڣû赹ڵء
찡
аô
ȫһɽ
֮ǰõаȣֱĿ֮𣬲ʮǧ
ааͣʱıʬ⣬˫Ҫȥȴֲңַ̬£һۡ
һ˵ʲôڸʹģ
˰ɣַ`
š˾ǵͷűģҲЩġ
ԲôʵҲֻǺͶӳЦҪô˴˼ûˡվ󣬵лڱֵܸ
ʱЦ֣顣
ӳӳ
ԣ
Ȼһѹ˫ĿȻ񣺡
ȥðɣӳǴҸ㿪Цġַ΢Ц
ȥɣԣУ̫ˡһֱҡͷ
ǰӳղŵģǡ̫ˡ`ЦǾֹľ尡
һĿɨˣǸղ˵ʲô
ֻǺģӳ⡣ַǸ
⣬⣬ٺ٣һҲ⡣ɵЦѣһȴ·ƵģˣĲô
ǽʲôԣΪ˭˸ӵȥ
ȥɶӳ`ҲЦ
˫һʱQһɨᣬллллңԺԺһˣ
ģϿ۷Ứжѡ
£ʱһ㼲۶ǰɽаֱַȻʧЦ
˵Ըôĵ
ĲŹ֡`˸ۡ
ַЦÿ˶вͬԸȱ㣬ӳʵѾˡԼ˵ʵЩ֮⣬ӳϼûȱ㡣
壬ǳȻȺһĵضӡ
ҵģ
ҵģ
ȫҵģ
⿪ıͻЦһ˫òɽа󣬺޲ýаС
аóģ`ҲЦݵĴߡ
ַվԭأ롣
ԼְǸӦػаȻܴ󣬵ԶģԺƬԼһһζ׬硣
Щַ嵹Ǻ⡣
ڡַ
ĿɨܣŨаԶаΧǷɣҴڹ۲һȫµķڣ
Ȼôа
һƬƬапܣԼӦз볬ʮƬ
ʮƬϵа
ңбаǿȸʤģ
аַоаааһ㺬һЩʣ߲ңаͬа100%覣ûκʡ
ֵаٱ
µķڡַ˫˸˼ǧĿŨаֵԶδ֪ء
ԼĸӦڵ׼ȷλá
ͨڣаڲ
ڲⲿȫ磡
ⲿûֹôڲʮ֮˾Ҳδַֹ죬Լһ
ܴļ
ڲļֵⲿܱȡ
ߣһƬɽаѾջףߣɽаֻ¶Ǳɽһǣ̫࣡
ʲôĿԶС
ԵģΣҲܴ
ڲаޣ붼ǣϣԼ֧СӵʵϺûʲôֱа޳ɱ¾֮ɱ¾ɱ¾
Ϊѡ
ַʱٿ֮һݣһϢ̽֡
ַ˫
һο˵ɺϣξ;ԲǣԼʵԵȣǿΪԴʯĴڣԷӵϢ̽⡭
ǿϡַ
ǿߣΣա
ԼСӵʵĶһδӮοԷ϶ǵǹƥ
ˣַɫ΢΢һ䡣
ӦУԷϢϵԼⷽٶȼ죬ȫ֪Է⡣ǰϢ̽⣬һιϵĵ϶򵥡
ƽ޷·ڣ
ԼӦõóԷûɲ֪
ߣ㲻ǵˣҲе⡣
վأᱦԴʤûк̨ɱ˺ַĿͶȻ˸߲ҵĶӳ`߽Ҳ¶ȻҲǸоˡ
Ȼ֪Է⣬߲߲ơ
鷳ˡַ尵ݡ



1695 
ৣৣৣ
ڶԬmˡϡһǼĺڶ꾫ӢǼȸԬmͬҲɳΪԬmҰ
ʮ˵ȣһӳֽƬѹƵޱȡ
аֻô
ȥڶԬmȻһ֣һǼĺڶ꾫ӢǷӵϣÿһʵѷڲھٶȼ졣
ӳɴ۾ɫҰס
üͷһ£˫һ⣬Ѹھаһ֮һǿߵЧʡ
ﬣϣ
һ꽻ʯټһƬа㱻ھһɶһǼĺڶ꾫ӢĿͶַˣȻ
ڶԬmЦһĿĵɨһ飬Ťͷתߡ
ÿ죬ȥҲ졣
ֻһ磬ɫѿıˡ
*#Ļֱžһ˫ĻܽƬڻЩаǱ֮Ϊģ¡
ȴߣ
ȫϸ⣡
ң˺ôһƬ⣡
ģ˿̵ҲЩ˭ôһƬаֻһɶ㣬Ҿ֮ǰڵġ
ô̫ˣ`üҧȵ
ȻЩԽأôҲû취ַ
֮أǿߵĶɭַǿʳ˵Դ޸Ⱥһ㶼ЩĬĬĹ涨
ˣҲ˵ʲô
ϾҶˣ֮صıﱾ֮Եߵ֮
ڶ壡촽ϣŭܣδػôǮѵǮ
ǾһȺƳ˱һۡ
һ`С΢ףĿԶղǸǰӵˣӦǺڶ

ַš
ͬǶȺеλܴ󣬱ھֻͨˣԷȴǺڶȺĵλյȨһΡ
ң尮úƽһ㲻ôΪ˳ͷ
ڶ岻ͬһ˰ħȺǻۣħĺսɱԶҪǻ൱鷳
һ̰ɣԣԼ֮ǰ˵ġıļ򣬿ο
֪ҧһںУ˻ƣģû¡
`ҲӣǺձŭɷɳˡ
ַʼûʲôֻǾһĻ
֪ǵĵ
ֻаô򵥣ַиʺţ̽ԼڶһȻΪ
ң裬ҪаӦòѰɣ
ΪҪ
ַ尵˼
ЩõԤУҿ϶

һߡ
ַ˵ĺڶһˣͣš
һ壬һç壬һ壬һ÷ֱ档ߡϡüḻһԷʵ
һȺثѡԬm飬м
ϵ˾ǶȺç嶼Ϊ壬ϲûа˴ıʶ
Դޣ̨һȺ
ǰ׷ֱ棬ϾÿȺһĿȻȺʮ˶ȺԴ޶ǣǿĪڰ˴ȺҪҲҪһ¡
Ҫк̨ԱˡԬmΪڶǲ
ϵͷֻǡһͷβ˹κ仯ʮֹŹ֡
ԬmЦɵ˰ɡ
ϵӦϢ
ʲôԬmɫ
ϵʵµǿ߰϶ܸӦǶԷʵȰϸǿղǸôһǿߡ
ʵȷǿƺԬmʣֱӵɵҲʵı
һʲôԬm
ʮ˶ȺУȺΪϡ١
ҡͷһֻһȺһȺزΪ֪ǸȺ
ɫȻüͷü
϶ȺоȣҪȺ
ˡ
ɣԬmҲЩ
Բ󡣡ϵԣбղӦѾˣϾʡȴܶ鷳
ûԬmͷ
һɣԼΣ̽̽ʵû˶࣬ǣõҲ޷
ôԬmһӡ



1696 ̲ˣ
Ȼ·Ҫߡ
ַ˵аСһаֵ˶Ǯʶһֱû뿴ڶ˵ʲô
Ƭа
ַ巢ٶȺܿ졣
һΣһа˱ȲسȥھǱ˿˾ߣֱаʿ䡣
ȫԸЧ󻯡
`ȫھ򣬱ϾַڣϲҪʲôˣȻھٶôҲһ
£һһ֡
Ȼþûһڶֳˡ
ˡַҲΡ
Ȼ֪Էǹģôִ򲻹ǲˣԱŸûãֻƾ
첱Ӵֻ֣ͷɡ
ЧȺڶǿ߲ʮǧһڶľӢǿ׳ھٶǱȵġ
ܿ죬ڶٴδžųɵʤʹʵ뿪
÷Ъ˹
`Ҳûط˵
ԼҲǵģǡַ忼ǵֺ˲ͬСԷΪ˵Ǿ鷳ˡ
ˣɶ񣡡һƨڵϡ
`㲻˼Ҳȥڣʮ˸˷ֳĶӣôҵа
ɴǣŭ޸𵴣಻סƢçɲ˳սĺܣȫɺڶ塣
˲
ǧ𣡡ɫѿȰڶǲ𡣡
ѵôǣɴ۾
ʱһ֮ɫҲû취ҪǾţң
`ĵĿͶӳж˵ⷬйˣʱϵԽöԽһкܶᷢһ
壬ܱܿô`ʵ
²Сַҡͷ
Ϊʲô`ʵ
ͲĿҲͶ
ַΪһֱǣȥǾͻȥġ
ʲô
ɫԾѿ
̫ˣݶҧ顣
Щӣ˫ĿѪ졣
ַ̾ˣҵĽ飬ʵõĽΪøǡ
УôУͬɫȻַ壬`ü壬ȷֵģΪʲôҪøǣ
ǰٲҲһҡ
ܷôҲֱܷҡͷҪɽɱʹࡣ
ַҲ֪Ȱ˵Щѡ
ϾʲƸ˵ʵ̫ˡ
û֣ڶ˵Ŀ²ֹаô򵥡ַе൱֮ߣҺڶڶ࣬ȫԷֿаá
Чʺܵ͡
֮һ
ַҿ̽ǵĵϸһãǺܻܿǶɱʱ߾ˡ
Ϊһͼı
ЩĬ
ΪǶַ֪˵Щ
ô̫᲻á
漴ַȲҲ롣
Լ˵Ѿˣôǵ£Լڵʵûô໰ȨδػԼġ
Ȼ
ֵ˵Ȼ˰죬û˵
ӾͲǸҶ֡ؿڣҴçɲǳصģһڶ壬ҶԾ嶯֣ߣòͷˣ
ڶȺУںڶ֮ϵġ
`Ҫٿɡ
ַͷ
Լ˵ϾЩֻԼƲģδһʵңûӱܣһҪ
ڱǿԣöã
Էھаͻô
ĿܣǺڶټǿ߽ڲȡıԼĽ飬ʵϣҷΡȷЩΪѡ
ԼʵҲ̫Ըô
鷳ַ̾
Լ㹻ǿʵֱӶˣ

ƬƬƬ
ַ岻Ϸаڶһ˵Ǻ֪ܵᣬ֮˶࣬Ӳ
ַûκΰ취
ҪôǷһɵջûС
ȴѡ
Ϊѡ
ɶ񣡡ţͫѪĹðâһٶرаǳ뱩ŭٰ಻סƢ
ӳַ尴ס֡
ڵشŴֱַ壺̲ˣ
ַ򴽣뿪ڣٿǰͻ



1697 Ƿ
Ǵͷɫ䡣
Ԫֵܣδ֪ʲô£Գ嶯սһֱôѹסŹ֣ԼסΪ֪Էǲ𣬵Ųôࡣ
սʱԲث
֪·һҲô
ç壬η
Ƿˡַ֪һ絽סҲ籬ڶһٵش̼ʧȥԺжϣһֱǿš
Ҳѹֵǡ
˭ȶֵĶãȻս˾ûˣߵڸԷɱĻᣬһַ֪
ֻȱµŭ죬ʧȥǣʼַ嶼ѣѵһ
ڱ˾һ̣һĻַԺģء
һʤûУô
Ǯַ׷ġ
֮Ϊͱ˵ַ֪꣬ûԼ˵ĽֻһǾǱڶɱ
ΪΪʳ
Լڣһֿ֮һֻᡣ
빥ַǰıȣ˲亰죬ŭľӣԶ`ҲôģҹӲʵǣǶԷĽսޱǿᡣ
ڶ壬˰ħս൱ͻ
Ժڰ֮ǿ׳˵ںħŵ㣬һ츳ڶó֪Σգǿ
ʮ߸Ǻڶǿߣһó깥ūͣ
ַ˲뱱ֿδΧŹľŸڶǿԮȶȥǹԶһֱ˫֣һеĺڶ
Ⱥڶǿߵͷ
ȻֻǼ𣬵
֪ڶԬmЦһŲƶûУֻϮ࣬һǿߣ
˵Χһںڶ꾫ӢǷӵϡ
ৣ
ַпռʮֹʱ֣Źâ
ʮ޴ƾնΧռѹһڣֱΧסǰ߸ڶ꾫ӢѸټѹ
䣡䣡䣡
߸ڶ꾫ӢӦٶȲʮ
߸ǿߣ
ʵַ֮ϡ
ս飬Ǻַֹ
ūַһ˲ֱͷŻūӴӰ񽫽٣֣ūĳԬm΢΢һ¡
һ˲䡪
~~
£ֱӲ߸ڶ꾫ӢǿΪӹɣҪס߸ǿҲڶз֮ڶʵԶԼʱ
ַҲû

ס߸ǿߣԼҪġ
ΪڣԼ޷ӽڶ£ʮʱƬռɲǣԬm˫һ⡣
ࡣ˫ͫԻ谵ǰ̤һ
Ϊūְͣػ
壬Ϊڶƿū͵һȺ˸Ӧ֮⣬깥ͬǿһһֻҪضˣǿߵʵ˵
Ĺֱӣ£һ䡣
ܷɱԷԼ궼ˡ
ȡ
ȡ
ȺǷǿȻԴȻ治ˡ
ݣ̧ͫһһ֮ӻ谵ͫ㹥ٶȼ޷ܣ½֮
ڰϿɱһǿ׾١
ң΢ʲô󰭣Ȼϲʹ֮Ϊūȥðա
ɡԬmЦַ壬˫ֽ滷ɵ˹
ϵʵǿ߽֮ҲˣοһǿߣɱǸһֻϰס
ȻɲǼԬmɴ۾
ֻǰӰѸٷŴи𵶹⣬İϣ˫ĿɫһƬҰףѪɸɸ£û
ôܣԬm֮󺧣벻
ΪڶǿߣԬmҲǳصģµĵֵӲסַһֱ۷飬ϵ۷춴ȴȫס˺
ܫ
ַĹǿ˿ӣǸ䲻֪ԬmʵΣԬmԵϯū͡ϡֻǼһ
ǿߣ
ǿûá
ֻҪԷʩչ֮ôһΪԼԴʯȫ˺ľػ
Ͻ껯
üײʯͷֻͨײã֮ȫײԽݣ˵ľԽء
ϣ͸͸



1698 
ʼգַĿ궼Ԭm
һһҲûɱԬm׼ȷ˵ǻҲܣϾֻǹǵʵԬmǻʵǿߡ
ңܱͨǿ߻ǿ
ΪԬmǺڶ츳ǿı
ַڵʵԱҪܶѣɱָѡ
ɱϲַĿ꣬ڶǿǵҲԣħȱԶ빥ʵȷһɵľ޼
ҲΪʲôڶȺУںڶ֮ϡ
ϣֲڶһǿȱ
Ӧ׷ɱԶ빥ȵȡ
һϣʮڶ꾫ӢԬmǷȱ飬ʶַ˸ֲȻѸٷӦǷַ塣
ַֻļغϽֱȥ
ߣ
ٲߣͻᱻΧš
ԬmʵϸҲˣҲɱˣٲ߸ʱʮֹѱƣҲֻ谭߸ڶ꾫Ӣһɲʱ䡣
߸ڶ꾫飬ȫŭַ幥
Ϊʱ
~֮ͨʱȺڶй֮޲ַٶ߸ڶ꾫Ӣ֮ϣֱӶȥ
ȱеԶ빥߸ڶ꾫ӢǽȴַֻԽԽԶ
ȺԬmţ˫Ŀ
ʩչ춴ƾһ֮סַ壬֮±һɱϯūͣԬmôҲʲ¡
׷׷
籩ŭĽԬmŭָš
м౦ٶȾַ壬ûôһȥ׷Ҫ˶ԷļƲô죿Ԭmûô
ٿȻ֪ƾһַʵҲδصеù
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һ߶źڶ꾫ӢΧˣһӢ˿Żżǵƽдȫעÿһס
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ܳΪӳ`ŷʵ
ߣַѸٵĳ֣ʮֹĿƼֱ˦Χڶ꾫Ӣ˴˸ֲ
ԡѪȴս߰Ѹٻˣͫ׾ٴιǸȣвʣȥ
սһ飬Ӷӳָ
ңԼ֮ǰһʱͷԷսҲΡ
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ԬmҧгݣĿѣʱһͷŭҰǣѪӾɱ⣬˫ȭǿֱ죬޲ýַʬΡ
Ԭmδܹܴ裡
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1699 ȫ
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ΪһЩ򵥵ƣַ˲δʲôˣֻһϢָܻӽһ۲۵Ĵʤ̡
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츳ʣԬmΪڶԷǵС
ЩڶǾӢԶ
ԬmϾ̫ᣬ츳ķԶԶֻܹȴ׼ȷ޷ʱصر׼ȷ
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ѣһںڶ꾫ӢԬm׺ݣȴͷӬĴѰţʱת䷽Ѱַ˵ټһֱҲ
ʵϣҲԬmжϵķûд
ַĸӦֱӣžȷޱȵ״˫ڸӦ棬ֹһٶȺͲ죬עһ֮ս
˲Ԭmһںڶǿߣǡ
ַ塣
ݣһѹռĹƾضǿ
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1701 ʳ
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һڶ꾫Ӣûôˡ
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ҲԬmҪ뿪֮أȴָ߲ˣһһڶԷ֮Уȫĳ㡣
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1702 ʤǿ
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ڱ˳
ɡ`΢΢ЦЩ΢ҵķң¶Цݡ
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ӵһսʼڣʱ䣬ȫߺڶʮǿߣһǿߣȫǿߣȴֻǿߺǿߡ
һսʮ㡣
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˷صıˣҲû뵽
ʤǿ
ңʤĸɾ䣬ʱ䣬һ̿鼶Сսۡ
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˵˵Цúϲ£죬Ҳǫ顣
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Ц˰޹ͱˣΰȷʵ׹Ҳûûǲôɱ֡
ַȱ˶ӳӮǡ
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һ뵽δġǮַһֱаĳȣѡ
׬һƱһӶóˡ
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1703 
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ʵԽǿ׬Խ࣬ҲԽ
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1704 Ļǻģ
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ͫͶԶԬסô
İɶ磬ǲѷɡԬüëһ𣺡̰Ĳɱ˰mϽȥ·ߣ
Ҫһȫʬ
Ԭ챳˫֣ȻΪɱmһ˰ˣܶռ·ڣϧһš
ǿ۾һУ̫³ç籨Ͳᷢôˣ·Ӧøտãôĵһ˳Ե
ǿϣ̽ѰƬ·ڡ
һУ֪߰˰ˡ
ȥ²ᡣԬɫȻֱ˵mȻ嶯·ڶԼдͣն٣ʱɡ
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ڶ֧ڶ࣬ÿĵλ൱ߵġԬͲ󣬽пܳǿ֮λ
ǿߣϾֻǸӹ˵ˣǶԬΩǴӡ
ܡԬ쿪ڡ
Ԭ̤ǰһ˫
һӹȥĸˡԬɫƽһ΢С¡
ĻǻģԬüëһơ
㡣Ԭȫں˵ֻ̫򵥵һ£Ŀϣдһ˿Ļȣߣȥ·ڡ
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˵·ڣΧЩҲûʲôôͲͬδ̽ѰǱصıһȺ
ڶǶȺ֧ڶ࣬Ԭֻһļ
Ҫ뷢չںڶռҪλͬҪ
£Ǵûᣡ

һߣȻھаһ˫˫۾쳣СҲ⣬οаļֵԲܱȡ
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ߣҿߣַ嶸Ȼȣ¡¡
ʱ䣬õñ޲һȻ⡣
ߣ߱˵ַͫȣԼϢӦһӺڶǿǳǸٶȼ졣
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˵һ֧飬һǿǶδӦˣԷʵǳѹǣսûһ˿ϣڷ֮һĻᶼûС
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ȻƬаδھȫѾ˲ôˣ˴δַģ䲻֪ʲôԲʲô¡
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һΣһǴ鷳
ĵӰٷɳַۣһ߸Ӧһߵ·ߣڴȥ
Ǻڶ壡ֱַӶ˵ɫأӦǱģ֮ǰɱĺڶбܴѶϢзôЩѾҪˡ
ΪѾˣ
Է͹ϣĿǳȷ
Ҫ·ڣҪ֮أܹʮڶ徫Ӣǿߺһǿߣǿߣȫǿߡ
ǣһӮĻᶼûС
ַɾؽѶϢ̶ûа
һ飬Եʵ棬Σüޣ˵ξǴѡüͷšַ㲻ٿڣרĸӦΧ
Щֻһ֣Ҫһû˵
Ϊڻȫȷ
˵ЩѾ㹻𺧡
ǿߣʮǿߣ
ʵֱԺɨһеȺˣ壬ç壬ȫȺȺڶǿߡ
ӮĻ᣿
ʲôЦһεĽǴ˺ͺͯıƴ
˵սܻܲһʺš
֮ǰЩЩаȫ͸ˣӢϾǺˮ٣ǸоĽ١
ڶ壬ˣ
ô
ɶ񣡡˫ȭ͸Ųʺģһ˿ںޣΪŻϺڶ壬Ϊʹֵܼľ
çȻǿ׳˼ȴϸ
`δڣɢŽ׵ĹܴҲǣ֪˵ʲôʲôûãӳȥҪ
ᣬֻһ
·ڡ
տ·ڣڴֻһΨһһΨһĻᡣΪʲôͷǲģԽļͬԽ
ж༸ڣѵļʻ
ž
ַͣ
ɫ`޳Ľë΢΢һۺɫ֫Щʧر۾
Ϊַ֪ͣµԭʲô
һκڶбѾ·Ψһڶס
ǣ׽



1705 ֵܣ
ַ˫һԲ
ľ棡
֮ǰĹǣҪһû˵ΪûȷѾȷ
·ڵڣȫǺڶǿߣ
һκڶģֹʮ°ڴͬһӺڶǿߣͷҲͬǿߣ
࣬ȫǿߡ
ս⡣
ǿ߰ڣǸûһ˿ͻΧ
ֶַĵһĺڶǿߣȻ֮ǰɱЩڶ꣬൱ḻ
סڣΨһϣ顣
ʣµģֻ֮
ô
ַ򱱽`ãУԼ̶ܿͬȵľû֮ǰٴεѹضˣȾ
;ԲĺԶ
ߣַѳɶĹǣӳԹ˲ϾѳŲ֧飬ַĺ޲֮һݣǸϡ
ȥģʶʵ
ʳ˲`ʵ⡣
ڴסûͻΧܡַ廰ʼֱӣĿᶨԷʵԶʤǣڵһӣ׷һӼ̽Ѱ·ڵһӡ
ڻһ˿ᡣ
·ڽ򣡡
ַһ˶ʱͫһ
ǰ
ôû뵽أ
ѹ˱ӱܣȻͬǾһ֣֮ڱ׽ҪõĶࡣ
룬һĻᣡ
һӿԺӣǲ׷Ҫ׷ǵһӣһȻûмǿߣڶ츳ͬС
ַ岻ϸı䷽ԡW·Ӵţתƺڶǿ߸Ӧķλ
޷ѡ
ǵĶ֣ѾԬmȳé®ͷࡣ
裡
Ҫٶȸϵ·ڴڶҲǰ·ڣǵٶȿܼǣǶ·ڵ׼ȷλ޷жϣǻлᡣ
Լ֮ǰδ·ڣЩһֱ·ڵĸӦÿһϸλöһ
ȻЩӦ֮ǰûãԭ˵Ҳ֮
鵽ʱ٣ˣ
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лᣡַкȷȻȻСΪûʲôǲܵġԼҲ˵ġ
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һ

ǰ·ˡḧ룬Ц
ȻһƬ˵·Ǻܿҵ·ڵ׼ȷλãȴǵĽǼһδڷɱļ
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ԬĺڶҲǶ˶Դ֮ɫô£
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ȻǶĵκϤиӦǿСӣԲϵڣϰѲˣҪ
ԬŨüһأͷߡ
ȻĸСලԬⶣԬ㲻֣ѹûĸСභҪɱǣֻϰס
ɱţԸǲҪԶ֡
ңеĹע㶼·ں֮ϣĲ
Щ£Ԭ첻֮ģʱţַ˺ľڲСԬĺڶСȻԽԽӽַˣδץסǡ
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޷׷ĺڶСӣӲţ·ڣ
ַԶԶѼ۸ӦǸڶ峬ǿߣǼĳȻڣŲŭλơ
ԲԸȥǣҲϣԷš
Ȼǲܵġ
һڹֱڿлһǵֱϮٶȼ죬ؼʩչΪ򣬼򵥵һ̲޾ء
ס
ˡ
ڶǿ߱;ͨڰ֮Ԭٮٮߣǿߣƿ޵УʩչķؼַĶǿֵܵ
סһУԺ󶼲ûˡ
Ԭ䲻붯ַ֣˴ǰܹٲ֣е̫ˡ
~~
ַоһ˿ϢƬռ·𶼱ڰʳ޾ڰſѪڽɣԶεķؼչֳ
ķ
޷ֿ
ߣٿһ׺𣬲޴ǿ׳͵شܳͺһûַϣǿĹֱַӺ
һ˲䣬ڲн`ڵͳ
ֵܣ˫ĿѪ죬Ȼſ˫ۣӲԬĹ˲䣬㱻޾ڰɡ
䣡



1706 ·
֪νԬһ
һ˲䣬˫ɫţסַˣ總֮㣬Ծ˵ٶȱϮ
Բַѣһ롣
ԬüǿߣҪɱǵСһǻֵ
һɲǡ
䣡ԴһƬ𵴣Ԭ˫ʱ͵һŭߣһʶĴ͸ֱȡ顣
ԬǶƿ޵еĴڣ깥κβ
ֱɢԷ
ȻܹƵĺɫȴɲʧȥƣ·ڱԵıݣըһ
Ԭ챩ŭ
˵Ϊϻͷϰëȫŭ
廯һȴ绹죬ʱԬڡǰһƬǽ壬аܲŨ·ڵĵʮ䣬Ǳ
·ڣ
ӵĵشȻ֡
Ԭ츳ڶܸӦԷڣ֮ĴϣԹ޷׼ȷж϶Էλá
˵ǿҲֱüͷ
ˣԬֱϡ
ǣʵҲûףȫԸһټһ߱·ڵĵ򻷾۸ӡ
Ҳû뵽ԷдһţܱܿڱصõĹ˳ƽ·ڵش
ΪаŨϸղżĹɵĻʯҷɣǼӾﻷңԱ
ҲǼƻһ֣ﲻ뵽еһ˿
ˣǼСһǻδ̫£
ܷŹǡʶסַˣԷҪʲôȻҪҪܡ
ǣ

ͷ
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ÿһӶ򵥣ȻڰɣȱԦգȻȥֻ˼Ҫղԭ
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ղǿйԬ죬Ҳˣ϶Էķؼǻҷ
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ȻǵٶԶԬĺڶǿСӣڵȫϤַռԬ֮ľ롣
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ӳ޹죡ַٿһȣֱӺˡ
һֱƱ`ЩȻ·֮ͨУаܼ·ַ嶯Ȼɾϡ
󷽣ϢԽԽǿ
Ԭ죡
ʵǿᣬжϺ;ͬףԽϣٵصһ˫ͫݣ˫ֺڰ֮𣬷Ȼӳ
߳
ȴ˸ա
ڰַаӰԬҧƾջһȭŭһַߣȻɱһԲϣĽ
ȣ
ԬŭУǰа˲ʱɢ¶ͨղַϢʧ̫죬·ںҲӦ޴׷
ֻ֮ͨһĻᡣ
һԬŭϣ߲һ¶ͷ亹ҡҡͷ·нƣӦߡ
ַ˸ս룬߻ЩϢ
ϵĶһЩʱַѽһСʱԸıܶ¡
ûõĶԬŭȫϣһʹԴҷϾͣҼԬʵǿĶࡣ
һȺԬĿɨڶǿߣǻŭߡ
漴·ͨк
ӣ
ΪҾץô̫棡
򣬶ǿ˵جΡ
Ԭǿ˵ʲô



1707 
ಣಣಣ
ԶӳΪף`ҧݽַڶβˣһƬ۵ͨռ䣬½磬ܼŨаѱ淽
˫ĿѪıʱѾܲô࣬ġĴ̫ȫӰǡ
£ԲҴ·ǻύӦǿ`ַ塣
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һһɳһһͨ΢¥Ŀ顭
£ˡ
ⳤģ᲻ʹ
ţַ֮侲ģȻҲץסΨһĻ·ͨȻ֮ȻǾһ֣֮롪
ڣǰȫġ
֮֮˵ȻΣգͬ档
ΣԽ󣬻Խ
ӳͨģƺаŨķ򣿡ַ֮΢ӦɢȻ·ܴͨȻӦڣаܼȵȣܡü
аӦǴͨͨ
£
аǧ˿ƣѱԴͷһˡֽޱȷӣ쐻޸Ӧ¶ȫ
Լ֮ǰĲͬ
Ȼصĸַż۵ıΪһԱӳǶ⣬ھҲϵȵʡ
Ĵ·ĲжϣǱܡ
ʱܵķӦֱӵġ
ԣԴͷŶӳһַ彥ͷЩʵƬ·ڵ
ԶһϸŦ۴СĿ׶֮ڼƣȻÿһ׶а࣬ȴǿֲ
·ͨڣĿ׶Ѱɢм䣬ռһƬӴ
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ޣӳһȻ`һ˱ϾսӦҲѸ٣ǷԼ쳣Ͻַȥ
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ȫʮڶǿߣڼԬͦ·ͨҲǺ治ѣȻǽڣ·ڻǵһΡ
Ԭ컢Ŀɨܣ˸˸Ȼ·ͨǰԲһȥ׷ַˡ
ӦҪϡ
ôԬϣĴ𰸡
ϾḻаûٴҲ˼ʮΣڶа80%Χ̽ѰϳǿӦǷµķڣǷ˽һ֪̽
ϲãϷһ֣Цݡ
Ԭ챳˫֣ͷ
ȻһѾµ·ͨõ϶Ķ
һļ
ַ˵ѣԬЩãҲû̫ϣȫ·֮Уַˣܵ˺ܲ
ֻҪסڣץֻСǻֵ
ߣԬɡ

·ͨܳ׼ȷ˵Ǻܹ
ԬʵʧһܺõĻᣬʱǺԥѡһͨڣƾٶȣڶ츳ڶҪɱַ׾١
ͨڣǹͨġ
ϧԬ첢ûô
ΪʲôܽѡͨԲַǣ·ڻΣգ߻ʮڡ
ʵҪǣѹûַ˷
ֻϣʲô
ˣôľͻԬˡַɫȻ޾ɫǰаŨ£·ͨӵġڡ
ڡ
ûλȥˣоŭɫ
̰Ǯֵ֮顣
ܻ򣬾һܻųȥ`ƴᶨ֮ɫᲦңӣҪΪ𣡡
ַͷ
`ԸʵʤЩ̼˵Ǻ£ѹж־
ԼţǵʵԶֹڴˡ
ߣַһȣȴܼŨа
󣬱`档



1708 а
а
һˮ룬Դ޹ϵķˮ룬ʮ֮һܻųԴվȽŸ֮Ϊǿߡ
һ඼ǿߣǿҲ١
ʮ֮ǰа򴳵ǿԶԶǿ߶Ҫıַ˵ʵҲǿ߱Ե
ǿߣƤķа޵Ĺδֵܵ
`ǿߣȻۺǿһһԶϱͲԵаһֻǣƣ޷ܡ
ַ壬ǿߣս`֮ϣҲֻǿƥаޡ
˱Ƚðա
𣡡Ÿոմ·ͨվûվȣԶѷ˶һͷаޣʮ׵ľ޴Ӹ߿ո
ͺһֱȡ`߽ף󳷡
šַӲ෽һаӲһǣĳϲƬӲĺ۷춴սף꽻זּ
`ѹмַһۣʱնɫȻ
ΪӳľͷӦһһģĿƺ͵ַ岻аޣ`Ҳˡ
ޣԸа޾鷳ˡ
аޣٶ̫졣
ажƵϵȣƴٶַԷ֣ʵϵԵַ廹Ǳа޵Ķ֡
һͲͬˡ
ʮ֣
ַ˲ʱչռ乥ϵɫм粨ΧռŤаж裬Զʱ
һֱڵȴᡣ
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ಣ
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ַս֮У쐻޵ĸӦȴһֱɢţսӲа޵Ĺ类һѾս΢飬ƺһȥ
ҪԿɼа֮ǿ
Ϭٶֿ죡
а޵ķȴֻˮ׼
ϣļ׼ݣǼĹ׾ٱǴ͸а޵ķǧһ֮ƱܿȻ˲ˡ
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ãҪܣ`ɫ˲䣬а޵ʵٶȣҪ˭Ҳסʵ̫ԡ
һע⵽ˣЩס
а൱ףδٱˣһ˫Ŀ׺չ߷ɣսȻ
~~~
ɫâֱӽаС

Ĵڣ
ץסаޣַܿͱĹ±ήңֻʣһַ漴շаޣȴʧܡ
а޶аӰǣշַ̾һ
շ˸а޴֣ԼСӵʵааٶȼ죬򲻹ӡ
ԦҲܵġ
ȻǿշаӰǵаޣָֻ˷һŲ顣
ۣԵɴ۾̾
ַ΢΢һЦ
Ӧò۷춴ɣ`Աо
ֱַӻش
ͱ޲ͬԴʲôϡ֮ʵ۶еȻǣǿһ㶼û˵ǿˡ
ৣ
`޲ɴ۾ַ塣
˵ֵַܣĲȺġһʵ
ǡַ֪ӳʲô
ȷԼͺʵӵɡ
ҲϣԼȺһԱַʼ磬ǾͲñ׷ôǱˡ
ڶٴĵӣҲȥȺ
`̾һһ˫һɨٿС΢ǿʲô



1709 
˳`ĿȥַҲ΢΢һ
Զӫ㣬öͺһ˫˫۾ŨаַӦ˲ʱɢȥ֮һ
ȻаŨö࣬쐻޸ӦΧСȻܸо
عʵַ΢Ц
Ү
̫ˣ
`˷ܵرQعʵʲôаҵعʵȴȻͬ塣
ÿһ죬ÿһ꣬аǿĴ̽Ѱ
Ҫҵعʵ̫ѡ
δعʵᱻһЩǿֱժߣϾЩκˣ㲻ժ͵ڱˡ
عʵģǼ̽ѰǷǳ֮ء
ҵζʲôһ
·ڣ
ֹΧδ̽Ѱͬû˽
ԭȴֻҿ϶˳ɣɿ϶ųɾţߣ
δ̽·޾ܣ
ﲻͬΧָһ㣬Сһ㡣ַɫ˿ûа㡮ԱľٲȻԽ޴ҡ
`ɫȻͷҲûоа㲻ס
Χʱַ岢ûʲô֣ǶֻһˣԽԽַϣˮųѰ侲쵼
һںڶΧӳ죬ȫַ塣
ַǣûκ⡣
ʱַԲ׳ãΪֻӦΧÿһսʱаû취ʱ򿿸Ӧܱܡ
عʵַаŨ
⿴ӫ㣬֪ͬСɣƬδعʵжٸԪ塣
̤
ַ̤ƬعʵܼĵһȻĺɫƣͷһĺɫ·ضƯ
úɫϣһſŰ͸ӨĹʵÿһŶɫ˲Ρ
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мٿŰɣˣδһμôعʵԴ¡¡һƬɱͨаֵǮˡ
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ﲼаԲڰɱ¾壬޷ƶǿֻ»Ϊϡ
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~
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ҵ졭ȫסˡ
Ǿ壡
ɿǿߣļǿ߶öܣǰò۵ĺɫȴ׾ٵĵֵ
ԣֱץסļ
ѹ
ÿ¡`һһ¸ղ³çǰУΪعʵĻַֻ˵ѳΪʳ
ǿߵʵַ
ԼĸоڸոײϵĺڶԬ졣
ûЦһмַһۣղһ粽ڹŹתһȦĿ988źʵϣ᣺Ҳ̫˰ɣõԲ
ַЦЦԵõֻҪʵǿ
аҲЩҪعʵȻ⣬ɼʵ
߰ɡ`ŵܡ
ս򣬸оһжԶʵûаȫС
ַЦҡҡͷ
ǸõطȻԲعʵ
ȴԳԵġ



1710 󵨵뷨
Եģ
`Ȼַ壬˼
ַ`ŸӦҵϢ
԰գ͵һƣʧ`ü΢ȻЩףǱĽë΢ȫעظַϢ
Ȼ
о`ȵԾС
ĿͶǺɫ˲ʱ`Ȼ򣺡Щʵ
ʵ̫ԣÿһţ988عʵۻʹƬܼһ˵ز
ʶַϢȫڡ
ৣ
ַӰ΢Цʵܼ򵥣ڿյϿһ˺ɣƬĿյзɢһȺˣҪҵһҲס
ССһƬ988ͷһʱҪһˡ
˸Ӧعʵʱ988һģһǲȥɵ989ŵġϢǲͬġ
`ȻƶǶ
ԣҪȻȥʵЩǣڶ˺ܿ׷ҲܿᷢϾ988ӫһʵ̫Ŀ
˵ΣյĵطȫҲ̫Σ˰ɣ
ԺڶʵҪҲǲܰɡ`ǵ
ַ֪
Լ֪`ĵǣһڶ罫˶صõȻȻͻᱩ¶
Լ˵ʵ¶͵
ΧԼ֮ӳ죬Ϊڶûӣе¡ԬľĴôܻ᷸ڶΡ
ַˣɫ˵ʵһҪΣգһ滹Ҫܺڶ׷ɱֻһϣвһ֡
ûκ
һ뱻ڶ׷ɱûĻʱӴƱаޣΧûϵ򡭡
ûʲô
ڶǿ˲аޣɱһͷа޶ҪѾţ֮ܡ
ڣһвַˣ˫ΣǱܲˣڶ׷ɱͬ
תͱ仯ġ
ףǸǺڶĶ֡
`ü΢šƺַ˼ȴ˵
ָĲǺڶ塣ֱַӵǼǿߣǺڶ۾ƬаŨ£аŰĵ򣬺ڶ츳ܵһơ
ֻҪܳȥǵġ۾ƾڶ屾츳ҪץǾˡ
ǿߣ
ӦԼһȼַ
ֻ·һ
һѵĻᡣַĿɫԺڶ֪֪ǳɾ֡
ʵԽǿڶֵ˾Խ࣡
ǿȻ빥Ϊó깥ʱֻҪ䵥Ҿа취Ը
Ը֮ǰǿһ
Ȼղ֮ǰô󣬵һҪһԣǿ߲
ʳѰ
`£Ȼַˡ󵨡оЩ£Ҳ֪ľأðգƫ棬ûдᡣ

ǣѡַ塣

򡣡
ȫδ򣡡Ԭ챳˫֣ڿУһ˫Ŀвһ˿ȣɨܣ翴һɽ
ϲ磡ԬվԬԣ˷֮ɫ
ǵһμδ
ϲ΢ЦعάһںڶǿҲ׷أ˷ܲѣһǿ󣬶ͬĪô
Ԭ찺׶粻
伤ѹȴδ¶κΪҪѹ˳羴η塣
ţԬٿһݡ
Ŀ֮֮ǰ`ֺɫĵطȻаܼȻɼӫ㣬ʱһ治ѣôعʵ
ৣԬӰһʱǼ۶
Ԭϴһںڶǿ漴ϣϲЦտս㷢ִعʵɿ˸ͷ
ܿ죬˱㵽ɫڡ
һƬ֮
ʶҲסͷе𾪣ǵһμ˶عʵһϡ
Щ죬˵
ߣֵǣһժʵȥǿԬⶹЦüëһƣʱ˸߲ҵǰ۶ȥһںڶǿҲǴЦظϡ
ٿʱɫϵĺɫħ΢΢
ϲϵüͷ˼ŲףٿǺɫħƣԴ͵һ飬Ǵȣã

Ԭһںڶǿ߼ɫһ˲䣬ɫħâаһ֦˲˹չ
Ⱥħ裡



1711 ɱ
ϺɲǣԬҲ쳣
ۼɫħ𣬺ɫȻϢԬѷӦ˫ŨĺڰϢͷŶǿʵš
Ȼһ
ֻ˵ǺɫĶ̫졣
һ֦¾һɫҧԬΪ׵ĺڶˣƴȴ֮ÿһ֦ĹͷɿǿߣϺڶǿ߲·硣
ΨһֵܵģֻкԬһͬΪǿߵԬⶡ
̤֦ԬŭѣбӳһâȻźɫ֦ն䲻١
֦֮࣡
Ⱥħ裬֮࣬ۿȥĺɫֱ죬˵֦֮ǿһͬǿ
ַڰҲǴһ
ԭΪɫֻͨǿʵû뵽ǿ̶ֳȣƾǿ߸κβʱںɫΧµһڶǿߣ֦׹Ǳ
ԼΧӳ
ãַ尵ͷдϲ
ɫԽǿԼԽºڶһǿðΧΪԬ첻ܲȣֻҪһ֣Լͻлᣡ
֣Щڶ˿¾Ҫˡ
Ȼ
䣡
˲䷴ӦԬֱɫ𹥻Ũĺڰ̲ؼһſźɫըٺըõúɫĹΪ֮һ֦ͣ
֦ĺɫ˵Щʹ
ֻйɲáַһԿĺЩ֦ɫʿɲԪ˧
ʿɱ̫࣬Ӱη
ɣֻһ
߳Ԭ쾭ȷʵḻѸжϺ󣬻һֱ֮ȡɫɣ˲ʱһ֦ʰ赲ǰѸ֮Ĺ
ž
֮ľɫɡ
ʱһ𣬹ѵϢ٣һڶǿ˺ɫ֦ɱ֮¡
һ̣һ𣬲Ҳ̶á
ƽһףԬ첻˷ʱ䣬ѸٻһڹûУɫطΧʵܽȥȻҲܳ
ԣԬ첢ġ
ȴѹûʱƬսַ徹һֱȴᣬһĵˣȴ¶
ϴʱȫעעӵؼԬ죬Ҳǡ
ս㷢£ɫĿֲʵõȫصϢţ۾գһ¡
ٿء
߳һȫںڰеȻ䣬ض֣һѼ⵶ֱԺ
깥
ʲô͵תͷ𾪲ѡ
깥δϱѷ֡
˭
嶥ǿߣ
ǰʩչ깥ֱ֪
˫ĿһУɱ⣬˲ַ֪Ϣڣ깥ֱӣֹȥַ깥ֱӷ
ǿߣ
֪ߣȫûںǶڰС󱲣깥ʩչٿ͵һݣоһ˿Ծ
ԺиֳǸģ֮ǰ֮
ϵʵȻǿôҲǿߣôһɱһֱһʺš
ã͵һףһгǿ
ȻϡУȺһУ
䲻ַȺˣȴĪĿ־壬ȻӦʱ깥ֱַʶ¡һʹģ˺һ㡣
߿ѪϺȻɴͫĿ
ͨ깥깥ȴȭɱһǧ˰٣۵ȻϷӦѾܿ죬
Ȼջء
ûлͷ˵ֻǿߣǼʵ깥ַҲֻ·һԴʯʱڵĴڣܹͨ
棬ֻһ˲֮¡
ĶԿײͼֱӣɱϵ˲䣬ַȥһ־ͶΣһ֡
ȻɱϣԬʵȻɲ⡣
£֮󼪡
ʵȫɫΧԬ൱ǿᣬͬΪǿߵԬǿֹһ֮סɫʹԬ˳ˡ
ܿ졪
䣡ԬʩչؼɫӲײһ롣ɫǿԶͬȼҲܴ޷ƶȱ㡣
ߡԬĿƳɫ
תͷٿȴһȻ߿ѪڷԬͫ׶ʱŴ¶𺧱飺ô



1712 ĺ
ֹԬˣкڶǿ߶סˡ
ղǵעڼɫļսУ˭Ҳûע⵽ϵ쳣ǼײΪǿң깥΢ȫڸǡ
ϵֱ飬ɱ
ôģ
˭Ҳ֪ôģԬüͷšôҲ벻ȻҲȷݵַˣȴֻһ
ǿߣɱϣ

磬ܲѰǱԬⶼɵĻܣȻӰ
ôģԬʵ
Ԭššǣ˫˸ܿǱһó͵Ϯа£ǿߣаܲ١
ҲѹԬ룬һһű̬ĺɫǵʵ¡
ǿߣһ䡣
ܰɡԬʱҲ벻ܣӦ
磬ҪҪ˻ȥѺϽйԬʵ
ϺͰһǼǿߣȺԽΪԽ
áԬֻʵǰޡʩչ츳ڶԬĸӦǼ塣
Ԭⶵͷ̾һ
˶ϡһֻһǿߣԪϵԼһʧν
սһ
Ժڶ˶ԣǸجġ
ٻָһ£ԭأȥ̽һΧԬһ䣬漴Ӱʧ

`ʱںɫⲻ״ӲݴУڶڵλǶԽǣǿиӦҲֲˡ
˵ʵ򼸺粽У㲻ڶ巢֣Ҳסа޵ĳںɫΧ£ȫ׵İ취
ɫƬ޾ԪǡԶа޲ҿ
ৣ~
ַӰ֡
`ʱһʵɹô
ַ΢Цͷ޷죬ʮ˳ʵ񣬾ǶǵʵѺڶһ˵ŪǱ
ԣҺ׾͵ˡ
赭дؼԵַ֮岢δϸ˵`ȴ֪վַ˵αǼΣա
һֻ֣·һ
һδɱǿߣᾪڶǿߣʱһˡ
ַ͵Ϯܳɹݵġ
ˡ޵ϵЦȴЩȻΪӳȴܰ飬мΡ
壡`նЦգգ۾ĴָȵģŹâ䡣
ַһЦ
ûмӦ䲻˵ȫѺڶ壬ȫ١ַ
ǿߵĸӦԼܾȷظӦԼڡڶ츳ڶֻˣ޷ȷȷλãϢҺܵš
ƬδУž١
ڸôǲǸóδȣռȻƬı𣬴˷ܡ
Χôаа˵
ƺûʵַЦһˮʱϢġ԰ʵȥͺڶô
˵ڶܻɱаޣô
а޶ǳһˡ
ʵҪĵһ¾㣬ֻƬ򣬲¡ַɫƽȻ֮
һ£ںڶ֮ǰ̽ѰƬ򣬻ô
`ᶯܵС
ַͷûΣգڶǿͣԺڶ츳δزܸӦǴڣʵʤǣٶҲǸ졣
ڿʱ鷳ͻվܵС
ɫȫأͣͷ
Ӧ֮󣬶֮ǰ`ѩһ
ԣ䲻˵֮ήͺܶΣգĿǰʵһڶʣµıˣҲʡ
ַ岢ʲôס
жθڣ̶ʳ
һƬεԽżԽΣҲԽ󡣡ַƬ㹻ƾڶЩһʱ̲ģͬкܴռͻ
ʱķķ
ַĿԶ˸սǶƬô򵥡
ǹͷ񣬺ڶھ·һ˳
`ͷ
ַ壬ȫŷһδεΣȫǿַǻۺģʵж۷
ǶӳĶ飬ַĺġ



1713 ʨӺ
ݵϢڶ
ȻϼǿߣԬΪ׵ĺڶС˵㲻Ԫˡڶλᾫ׼࣬۸ӦԬҲ
Ƭǵģһõһõô
磬иӦСһô·ϣԬʵ
Ԭ쾫âţûС
Ԭⶶ˶Դ΢΢𣺡ǵʵӦñа޳Ե˰ɡ
֪ԬȻԶԣĿԶڱ׷ϣһɴȥǰ̽Ѱϣ
һĿԬֻͼõЩԿʨȺⲻ֪õӣӡ
ʨӣȻʨӡ
ԬⶹЦ֪ЩڱʲôˣӣǣҰ
ԬҪ
һʼûַ˷Ϲ
ʨںֻʲôѵ±ӷҧһô
ô

뿪ˡַ忪ڵ
`һ
ڶ岻ߣʼǻѷϾھͶʨȺѺ󷽣˵Σյĵطȫĵطһˡ
Ҳ̶á
Ҳ߰ɡַ
`һɴ۾
ô죿ôһô죿
ǰ᲻̫˵㣿`ǵ
ַЦֲ׷ǣôᱻ֣
`㶣漴Ȼ޳Ľë΢˼ǡߣ
µﲻô
`һڣкܴһƬ򰡣ӳ
ַͷսʱעȫúɫˣƬʵδϸ̽ʵ黹кܶ౦ġ
ܶ౦һʱ˷
ַ΢΢Ц
ܿ죬źɫġΧУ˱һݱ֮һҡڵ͸žӨҡҷˣʮ
Ҳعʵ
ǿɡַһץʮݣУ׽¶ǣ̲ز࣬һռС
磡൱֮죬˫ֿ缲磬һѰץͣ˷ܵз֮ĸӦ
壬֮һ㶼ס
Ǳߣ`ҲƷȻһЦʵζҲ
˽¶Цݡ
ڶķɱ׷Σķ˭Ҳ֪һᷢʲôֻʲôΣգһ̣Ǻܿġ
¸ջϲá
ṩ࣬ҲعʵƬô꣬ŲЧҪǡ
൱ࡣ
ˣˡѸٲɼݣͫͣ˸Щ䲻عʵֵɱаˡ
ô࣡
̫ˣ
ַ`ҲڲժЧҲҪΪ̫˷ˣע;ģɱսʱǿˡ
ڶߵ̫æˣӦúú̽һΧ`
ַڵעں˼ǿߣȱپ׼Ӧڶ©ıͻԵ󻹻кܶࡣ
ˡ`
ַЦǳ⣬Ҫɡ
`ЦôģҿǰͲðǵҲء
ַЦ˭˭ڻ֪ء
`һҰô󣿡
ҰĴûѡ񡣡ַܵһʱܲһ˵䲻ھУֻ̫󣬳˺ڶļ㣬ڲܱס
չ飬Ǻͺڶ嶼ײ
ȵ̽߰͡˰ʱȵλʱ
ͱҪԡ
ߺڶߡ

ֻΧһַű`ܿҵڶÿһݲƬδ֮ĵر
ֻںɫΧȦš
Ϊﱦ࣬Ҳȫ
Ƕʵа˵Σ̫аǲǿܣʹǲҿɫַȷס
ԣɫΧֹȫұࡣ
Ժڶ˵ս˸ͷʧСַ˵սȴջ񲻷ƣڴ
ʵǲժЩعʵԶַָԶ
ɫϷ988عʵϵǰҫ۲
ֻԶۡ̾
ѵа취`һ



1714 ׬
Ͼ988عʵҪȫܣһšлᡣַЦ˵ôǿϧôһԡ
źɫϵعʵɱͨعʵˡ
ͬعʵһЧѣԽԽʶΪǮĻһҲ൱ġҪⶥʵĺɫùʵϻͷϰëǿЦġ
ԼȻмƻҲǺܴ
һ޷
ַƻ֪`ͬҪǵϣһһ߲ͣͷ۷Ź⣬ȸȸԡ
̽һ¸ֿԣȷƻ
ôַʡ
ԡͬ
԰ɡ`΢ЦӦ

аŨ
λа֮еĺɫһͨĲ㣬΢趯֦ʱưܵҶƮ
һпȥôƽͣȻ
ٿȻ䣬ɫϵħƺȻԭ֦˹ɫͺһͷȻ͵ѣս״̬
ԭֻһǾСˡطΧ
߳߳
Ӳ֦Ӱٶȼ죬ɫػΧ൱֦֮ɹأͬơ
аУһӰ趯Ļ֮Ӱ㣬컶
Ӵһ΢Ц˲ܼадĺɫ֦Ӱ顪
ž
ӰһɢڿС
ͬʱһǾӰȴһεĳ֣컶裬ǣ`ÿһ趯һƬӰ˲䱻ɫ顣
ž
ž
ɫĹڱܣκΧڡϢĿԥĹȻҲǻۣߡ
ʱ޷ֱó`ʩչ츳
޻Ӱ
ӰǷԻǣڴ˴ȴպóΪɫİӣһӰĳֹ֣źɫȫġ
ʱһƿ֮͸
ټ죬ϼֱȡɫϷعʵԾֱһ֧֧Ⱥɫ֦ٶȸ
Ĺɱǿߡ
ļգھл㲻ʲôԴȴһһġ̲ط֮ļʸ͸аֱȡعʵ鷢
ɫȻʡ͵ĵƣֻܱǶʵ
ɾһ֦ӭϱļһ㽫סعʵĻᡣ
ܲ͸磡
ɫóģȻǷ
±`ע±ĹûȻɲκв޾Ԫʡ͵ĵǡ
Ĺʵôã¾Ͳʣôˡ
ڴʱϵĹʵͻȻꡯһ´£ֹһţһſ£ɫһȻ˲䷴Ӧ֦ҷ裬ŭѡ
ʱһ֦ҳ鶯ʱΧй
ַ깥
`޻Ӱļַ깥ΣأעĺɫȷʵʤӦǺܿ죬ȻʮŹʵϵ¡

عʵڵϣȻںɫΧʵôҲ˿ЩعʵֻҪòߣܿصԭĵط
~~
ɫֱ֦Ӳסعʵ֡
֦Ҳ趯Ӧν죬ȴ졣
~~~
һɢŽɫĲǿϢء͵һȦںɫ֦䣬عʵС
ٴΡ̡عʵɫѽعʵػܲ͸硣
~~~~
֦ƣγһϼޣͼܣټСӲǴ֦Ŀ϶дһ˲䡪
ৣ~
ʧӰ
ɫ緢ѰŲӰʱջʢַٸᣬӰ䣬ͱ`һȻȥ
ض飡
˿ţ
࣬Ҳˡ
ҼƻжšַһЦ
ˣߣδ뿪ɫعʵ֣ǿܸ֪ڲӯ
`绨Цݡ
ַͷ
`˵κ
`ĻӰǱļʸתƷɢɫעԼܳɹִмƻ
ֻԼһˣ깥˲ɫͻзӦ
˺ɫعʵҲӲɫķ
һʵϵ޷죬ڶȴòĺɫعʵǵõ˿֮࣡
׬



1715 ɫعʵ
ֻа˿ȴǲ÷֡
ַң㣬޲ȻһЦٶһŸոպãһŷˣڰ˿Ųϲ£˭ŶǺܺá
ҪһΣ˫ȴ񫡣
͵ܳɹڶΡֱַӷйһεľ飬ɫֹзһעػعʵ
ǺɫסعʵԼ깥޷ġ
һκɫֻ̫ˣԪδ£ʶδȥعʵ
`ףܻʵɫҲòӽ
ϧˡϧ
ַݸһЦϧʲô͵˿Ѿ׬ÿһ̲صСһعʵҪıǵһš
ô֣壿`ʵ
ġͷ
ַͷҲδǫá
֪Լڶеְ𣬼ǻϿǱӦϸеΣַ`ͱҾµҵĹϵͬƽֲһõ
`ͱ
ַ´ãҪʵԶʤǵĺڶ壬ʶһҪ󻯡
޹ӳңʺ˭˭Ҫ
ô͸˭
ؼʵ
øڵϡ
ַ֪ʱǫú壬벻ٶ౦Ҳûá
ͬ⡣`ȱ̬
ģ塣Ҳû顣
Ǹܺľߡ
ַţ˿źɫعʵһȷʳһţЧΡ
`ͷ˫΢΢ȡһţַҲȡһֱʳʱСһů𣬹ӿչ
ǿַƳԼƤһ㵭ĺɫɫƤֺɫȥЩ㤣ȴʵʵڵԡ
Чǿ
ַͬʱоľ֮ԪغʹмаĺڰССһعʵ̲صȴ١
֮ǰ̲صʮ֮һ
عʵ
Ʒعʵ
ͬһعʵʲͬٶҲַͬȻ죬Ǳ`
ͬǣ˵һ̨ס
ɫعʵֻһűЧ
㱶ַ⡣
ĸоԼļ𾪲ѡ
`
ٶԽԽ
Чʾǡǡ෴`٣Σַ巴ģΪͬ
100һǵ100
10ӵֻ20ѡ
1ӵֻ3
ûľ֮ģӳ޴֮`ȻһЦҪսʣµʺϡ
ҡͷĻǷ֮źɫʵҪĻ԰ţűȽϺá
ԡַû顣
漴ַͱǷʳɫعʵʵһһ㡣
~~~ַƤٴֺֺ֮ɫȻʳţЧӽֻǿȵһţһŵҪԲԶ
ˣһ̨ס
ĿźɫعʵЧơ
ϧֻѡַЩϧԼʵܴﵽǿ߲Ρ
ʵҲ
ǿعʵơ
ҪԽڶǿȸ涼ҪַĿңԶаֵ͸޾иκĶ
սջ񣬼̽ѰȥջֻԽԽࡣ

ȡɫ˿عʵַܱ̽Ѱʮգһ˿һŹƬδضǱаǡ
ǲż
νŽúڶ̽ʹ˵ԽԶԽȫֱƬ̽һɶа޶ʱַ˷ͣ¡
׼ȥһط
`Ƴɫڣôõ֮أƺˡ
ַš
ںɫӡ£νҪ÷磬Ҫ꣬һͷаޣɫһͷаŵøϽͷܡ
Ҫͻƣϴڰַ֮
ûҪʵɱڶȺΪͷ𣡡ɫȻ
`ţ߰ɡ
ַͷתͷĿƳڴаԴͷڣ·ͨҲЩ죬ȥ̽ѰƺЩʣȼţ̽
߰壡ǰߺ
ˡַЦŸϡ



1716 
ģаôô࣡ԬһѪۣ죬ǿȴʮǱ
Ϊа򡣡ԬĿ
ǿߣûʲô仯˫ֲŭȻһδսδʲôˡΪԬʵ൱ǿġ
аʮ֮ǰȻûıȣ൱Σա
δ֮أԽбԽ󣬵ͬʱҲԽΣգ
Σգܶʱȡ
ȥа磬żʮ죬Ѿˣֻ̽ٷ֮һԬĿ¶ɫ
֪ԬüͷȻ
ΣԶԤиδļѾǼһȫʵ»ȥˣսҲ̫ࡣ
ҪȥҴæɣԬԥʵ
ԲУԬնؾܾ˫һ£ܣҪһ£Ǻʹϵٺãֵ֮ϵġ
ֵ֮ǣ棬˭Ҳȷᷢʲô
Ǵ绹ңһ
ΪǼ
ԬƶǶصͷ
δλЩǺܶȻô˵ˣôԼ綼ܾسݡ
ٶȣ̽ѰԬû˷ǰеʱ䡣նһаǸعʵҵʵͻƣаҲ޷
аޣԬⶵɴ۾ֻʮ֮أаɣ
ûʲôǲܵġԬ
Ԭⶹһɫеѿ
ֻǸ̤ǿߣԸһа޶ǿаޣ¾͵ýˣɵɨܣԬЩ
ԬƳһۣĲҲǿţͽͼǿߣʱʶһֵܣǼ޴ͷ죬ҿæ
޴ͷ죡Ԭʱ

˴йǰλĴڡ
ֹɱ̡֯һأֻǿߣŷǷ̣ǰ˴ϵ֮һ޾´δ䡣
ԬͷȻշѲƣã׬һ֣ܱȰѱﹰˡ
ڶи֧׶࣬˴˶ھƴ
òȫԬҲϣȺʹԼ徺
Լܴ£ҲϣôԬ
סԬⶵͷ
ֵı˭빰ˣ
ԬͷôСһ㣬ҡ
ǣ磡ԬӦ

ȺڶǱַдࡣ뿪ɫΧǰУÿ춼ջȻֻһһ㣬ۻҲ൱ɹۡ
ʵҲûôΣࡣ
Բѡ`֮Աǣղ˭ͷаŵĻɢţҪǰ㣬һغˡ
ڨЦЦ
`˱һۣȼ֮úڶУаǴæһ·϶а޵ʬǣɱ¾ۼʮԡ
Щаޣô
ɫȻͷ
ǰ̽·ַ壬`ĴָʲôĲ˵ûַ峬ǿĸӦЩ䵥а޶֮ܽء
Сӵʵа޾Ѿв
ֻ༸ͷаΧҲС
֣ôˣ`ü΢
Ǻ¾ǻ¡ɫͷ
`ΰһۣⲻǷϻô
ٺһЦ΢Ǻ¡
ʱַתϵı鲢أǺܷɣǰɽ
ɽ
`һǰַɽƺͨɽûʲôͬҲûر
ַ壬˵ȴĴ𰸡
ַҲֱӵɽλãһط޷̽⡣
޷̽⣡
᲻ʲôƣ
`ַ塣
пܣҲĳͷǿа޵Ϣ֮ءַҪҪȥ̽һ£ΣգбҲ˵һ
`һۣ˼
á
ɡʼվáȥеΣգһаߣǺױô̫ðա
ҲôΪ`·Ѿкܶ౦ﱻڶȵǣѵҵһǷֲ˵ĵطӦðһΡ
˸㼺е
Ŀַ壬СӹͬĬ˵ʱֱͶƱ
ͬ޹˵ַ΢Цߣ󣡡



1717 ɽ

ַ嵹Ҫ฻󣬵ƵȷֹۣԽԽΣգкڶǰ濪·Ҳеġ
Ͼ
Լ쐻޸ӦǰܹΣգѱаɱھͲ
룬ջһ㡣
ߣڶʼǸȷأûвĻᶼǸδ֪֮
лᲫúðջᡣ
һɽ
ͨһɽɽЩعʵͬʱҲваػҪնعʵ׵¡
ʶʱڶһȥɫҲδںɽȥ
ǲȱعʵ
а̫࣬ƽÿعʵͷаޣԼ۱Ⱥַܵ͡Ա`˵Լ׾ɱа޵޷ÿɱһͷа޶ҪķѺܴ
£ֵ˷ʱ䡣
ô࣡ͷԵ´ѡ
ɽ۶ɣܼ֮أʶɽϲعʵ࣬ǳ棬ڶаޡַ˫ͫðգֵá
ĵرǾ׬ˡ
ΪɽУδػаػؼôϢǱ롣
ܾаޡ
һа̫࣬һͷܾܿǾʮͷϰͷԼҪɽУĿһ·ӳĹǲûһڱס鷳ʹˡ
`üͷ΢أ˼ѡ
ַ忴һۣһ˵ַ
һ֣Ѱɽƫ֮أûа޳ûĵطھȥֻҪ㹻ĺСģԽھ򣬾а޵ĿԽС
`ӣʱ󣬺Ҳ󡣡
ַͷ
˷Ϊ޹ɽ׵ͬʱҲġ
ڶ֣Ѱ·ɽɽھȥа޵ĿԸھ򱻷ֵĿҲԽ󡣡ַ
ַףѳƺû
һַףڶַ򵥡
Ǿɡַˡ
`һμַҲֻǾȴԼԣĸѡʵԡ
ѡûк뻵֮֡
ǵһ׵ķͬײаޣܱͬסȥ·ǵڶַҲδһܿ죬Ҳ˵һ
޾ԡ
ѡڶַ`óۡ
ַһ򱱽ƺ簡ӳԼΪԶӳԸ񣬻ѡ׵ĵһַȷʵϡ
ַ壬ЦҶĸӦġ
`Ҳףа·ŵڶַʺǣЩգʱ˵ͬҪ
ַţô
˺̡ܿ
ɽ
аɽͨɽͬɽۿȥ߼ʣɽϢƵаޣа൱Ũ
ৣ~
`Ӱ͸֣ƽһ׺һͷıޱǿ׳׷˹ȥһߡݡһХͬһͷаޡ
ಣಣಣ
ַ˼۶ڵߡ
ɽϺȣа޳ûƵܼսܻܿʶаµаޣľ
ɽϣȱܸҪ
Ϊа̫ܼҪǱܲģаһƶͻᱩ¶λãʱٱ־鷳ˣǣһȫ
ҵǣ`ⷽ
෴ַԴȴó
һ˵óսⷽҪһЩ
ıгۣǵɽλãĿصʮֽӽȻգȴɽŴھ̽ЧҪ߰ٱ
ÿһζſһ
쵽ô´޵ǵʵΧܲа·ȫ֪˻ĳĵ
ַһüͷء
ɽǳһ̬ԽԽСԽǡǡ෴ԽܼĵرԽ࣬аҲԽࡣ
ԣԽԽѡ
ˡַԺܲ쐻޵ĸӦγһŴΧа޷ֲԺһ߶е·ֱָĿڡ
⣬ܵĿĵء
һ·ϣΣյĿԺС
һ·ַѾԺģ飬ǵֻᷢĿԣƵһʧԼġ
ֻҪʲô״ܰȻɱɽڲʡȥܶʱ䡣
㣬㡣
䣡ɽٿһŭ޺֮˵ֱպֵһ֮Ŀռ𵴡
ѣʯɣ
㣡ַɫȻ䣬ȴ㲻ɽϻᷢ״
ͷаޣˣ



1718 ·
ȱʣʼδ
а̲ټȻаʧЩɥʧȴʧʵǿаޣаĸҪСܶࡣ
ߣַ˫ͫҧȡ
ֱӺȻֲı`Ժиͷ˲Ϣ䣬һ߶˾һ֡
߳
ַ廯һ⣬ǳ̬ɽֱӷɽǷɽ֮УɽԲʯﱩɢ֮аХţŭţɽһƬҡ
ѻı`ΪַľٶһҲϸϸôַ࣬ɽа޵ĿһƬ䡣
»عŷ֡
ǣӣ
군ˡͷ亹оõа޴صıϢ;㤿ֲ߻ʯ׷
ѱ޳·ΨַӲͷƤǰУϾ󷽣ƽʱ
䣡
˲䣬һͷ۱̾а׷һ˫ͫаˣѪ˫ͫ³ڰŻζа޷ɳ۶צ̹⡣
ٶȼ죡
Զַˡ
㣡͵һСĿռжսаޣûʲôһͷͷа׷Ǻܿᱻ˺Ƭ
ڴʱ
~~`ĻӰԽ͸ĸ˫ʩչа޽սһ𣬶ٽⱱ
ӳ˺ɱַ뱱У͵һ飬Ǽо
ַ`սһᣬӲа޵ĹƺжٱˣǿĹֱ͸ֻˡ
ɫعʵԼķһ̨ס
ϣ
ִַ˲ʱ
޹ǰַ峤˵ʱһַ׿ڶӳʱʣӳԭս
ֻԼһ˵ֵа޶֡
Զһ˻һͷ˫ǵĲɫ۶룬аޣƬСĿռȫ
ӳַһߵһȥ
ǰ޹ѽ߾ܵؼ٣µĵ·ļһȶٲַǿʮֹĿռʩչսˡ
𣡡˻ɫµĲɫʱõа˫Ŀǣ˯
ûᣡַа
ͬʱаΪ֮һͣôõĻᱱԲʸ̲޾֮ģа˲ɱ
Ĳɫʵǿ
ȻԶһַͱ·磬սԶϵ޷죬ַǿɫĽս൱
ʱ`ͣУսĳѲͣغ󳷡
ɫ֮а޽롣
һս
ַ˲ᣬڱ֧ԮϹУǽͷǿĲɫսʱڵ
ʵӣǿߡ
ûʱˡ
ַһߣһߺʯͨ`Ŀٶ䲻죬ҲȶǰУɽ֮С
һƽ٣ǰȻȹ
Ӧû׷ˡųһ亹ɫס
빻Զˡ`Ҳ۵㺹졣
ַǰаܼͨݽȼü֮ͷ򣬳츳аޣȻ޷Ӧǡ
˳һϯض
ա`¶һĨٺЦݡ
ûԼĶͷֱҡͷ
ַΪǿٵСаϴԸӦǵа࣬׷޼
`ͷҲˡ
кܶа޸Ӧǣֵֻа޺ͲɫǻΪʹȻ벢ˡ
ַжϣܹؼ
Σľ£㾫׼жϣֱ˼顣

壬ΪʲôҪɽأⲻ·ôʵ
ɽ꿴Σգʵȫһ·ַ͵ղͷа޽սһƬңаҴܣ˵ɽ֮
ܣǵٶܲаޣ׳ΪĿꡣ
ɽ˵
ֻнɽǲлᡣ
ַͷаսаҲ뱣Ҳ룬޹ǣа޵жǳڱܣɱģ˵ͬҪ
Ҫһµͨɱǣа޶ôν¡
ԣֻҪͷˡ
ַ΢΢һЦ
`һۣĴָ
˶ʱľ׼жϣ޷ַӦ̾Ϊֹ



1719 ѵҪô
˵Ҳǵù͸ˡ̾һ
ǰʲô¶ײ`ƲƲС죬ӣ΢΢ԭܰȻؽɽأֻһС뵽պͷа档
ȷʵ㡣
̲ҪҪǽַ彫һعʵʳǣָƣڣǲһô
`ӶЦͷ
ǰȻ˾ţ֮ԭȵĿﵽˣڸĴۣڿɽܵķΧ֮ڡ
ǹƱܶа޵ˡ̾ףȥֻˡ
ȥԭͲסַ۵ϢѸٻָʵɫⳡսȻбһԸȻ˲ᡣ
ʵӦа޺ǿ
⿿ǳġ
š`ףߣϣɽлЩĵرǴ˴εðֵ
߰ɣץʱ䡣ַ
ɫЩ԰ףѺ˲٣ָʵ࣬ûв£Ѿ㹻
ҿ·`
ϾղŵսֻһûЩܼ֮£ֲһ¡

˺ܿǰ̽ȥ
ɽ֮󣬴ǾɽĴɼϡĿﾧڲ࣬ԲŹȻᣬϱÿһ㱦ﶼŹ
СҲ⡣
ܳȥ°뱲ӣ±Ӷóˡž޶Ĳ̾ѡ
Ҳ˵ǡܳȥ`һۣȹ˺ڶ˵ɡ
ԶʱԴ̾һ䡣
ǰڶؿô
ˣǾ޷뿪һµ֮Уٶʲôãһƿˮá
һܳȥġַ
ô`ĲǺ㣬ַ廹ǱȽŷġ
ԡַ֮һЦ
Ҫľġ
ûûж־ʲôá
šַ壬`ͶԱ̬ȫ֪ͬΪʲôԸַ壬Ȼַ˵ܳȥš
Ҳǵͷȼ־
Ϊ
һһĿӽٶȲ죬ΪҪʱ̲̽Σ˭Ҳ֪ɽڻʲôĹʲôı仯
ɽܴޱ߼ʡ
ַǰгʮգŽӽĿ㣬⻹û谭Եʡһ·Ӧ޷̽ĵ򽥽ӳ˱ڴ
ˡַͣ
֣͵ĺһǰ谭ʱ¶һɫâĽƣԣһּΪصĸо
ۣ`̾
Ἶҵ죬ⲻἾôɫ䣬Ŀ漴·ͫǷŴ󣺡֮
ַһ˳űĿȥ
ġ֮һεľ壬޵Ĺâ̲ż¿ռۿȥʮţֻǽƵһ֣δĻиࡣ
ڡἾڽϷԲξӣһ棬ָÿһ
Ἶ֮ʲô`ʵ
ǷǳϡеıˣصͷĿȻ˵֮ǿһʮյһաÿһ֮10վ
10վ`Ҳһ
ַһ
ͨ۷춴Ҳ1վ10վϺõ۷춴ˡ
ССһžʯ˹أ
ң֮Զֹʮš
Ἶˣÿһ涼ǽڣǼѵ100վһ棬мС
100վ
ļۣ
Ἶ400վ룡ĿվССһƼֵ˾ˣ˵`ַҲĿ֮
ܺ棡
صĽƵʲô˭ģ
Ҫǣʲô
ѹҸӦַʱҲǻȻ󷨵ľͨǿߣԼ쐻޵ĸӦǿԼʵΧȻΪ
Ž󷨣Щ١
˭֪ǻ
Ҫ󷨽ƣǿЦģлʲôжΣգԤ
ô죿ҧҧ
ô죬ˣѵҪô`Ƴ˱һۡ
ЦҲ˰㿴ҵȡ
ַű΢΢˫ȣһЦɣȽ̽һ̽ʵûٽ
⡭ðɣգ۾ճ鶯ϾǶӳ
ô˵Ķӳ`һߡ
ַЦ²ʲôӳ˭ʺϾ˭ϣҵĸӦͽսǿӦȽ롣
ˣͱˣҡ
԰գַ㾶Զ롣



1720 ջ
Σգ
ַȻǣȷʺϵѡ
ңַֽȤϲսûκαҲ޷ĥ±õıԼһʵڲսġ
֮ƿռģÿһ̲֮һ硣ַղ⣬ҲȻࡣ
Ȼƺܾ޴
Ἶǿ䲻֪ãǰ衣
~ַ˲롣
һƬ޵İɫвûκао泩ַҲ⣬Գһ磬Լĸ֪޷͸аȻҲܡ
аԴޡַĴ̽š
ʱ䲻ٱЧʣ°빦
ȻԼ²˷Ѿ
Ѻڶǯƣǹؼ
һǿߣɽУһĽƣڣַһֱڻλ˼Ȿһֵ¡
һ·Уһİ磬ޱ޼ʡ
ưδκԤеΣգһ磬ʮ
Īĳǿߵ֮أַвϸԻ治С߶ַ岻ڴ̽
粢ܴ󣬺ַܿ̽߰˰ˡ
ջ󣬵ҲС
عʵ١ַһ䣬ܼʮعʵһţֵƣﲢûʲôΨһһ֮󡪡
ʱ
Ȼǿߵ֮ءַʱ֮ӴϢѹʱ䣬ʱ̮Ĵ
1:10򣿡ַ岻һϲ
һٱʱѾǲˣǧʱǼƷʱԴйǶˡ
ʱ͸Լһ
£ȴõ1:10ʱ
ǮҲ򲻵ĺöַ⣬ʱҪ̣ܿϾԴ޿ռǿʱȴֻͨͨ
ңʮʱģһԴ޵ĶȱǮ
Ȼ½ûʮ򱶵ʱֵƱۡ
ôȥַ嵹Щˣʱף뿪ʱЩͷˣͷһܱյ״̬ռʮȶ
ˣ
ַ˲Ϣһ
Ӱʱ֮أ̧ͷȥһƬƬ򣬿գ֪Щʲôַȴ
ಣֱȡ񷡣
ĿһƬԵ羡ͷַվնˣһЦԼû´Ӧñ뿪Ĺؼ
ἾִַʱΪ֮һһůӿڡ
~~~
Ӱַ漴ӽ߳ǰֱ`ϤӰ˷Ŵ۾Լ֮ġ
ôôȵʵ
壬ʲô`磬Ҳ׷ʵ
ַߵǰ΢Цͷ𼱡
תĿƳ·һſ֮ƶϷἾʱἾʲôõġ
߿ἾССȴǡ졯Ĵڡ
ػıάƽȵĺġ
룬ԴӽֱӴ͸뿪ֻܴἾߴΪ綼Ἶ֮С
漴ַ彫Լڽеķֺջ񣬼Լ²һһ
þ治ѣ޲¶ĽͿ
ʵҲȥӳַ΢Ц
ʲô̽һɶˣû˿ĵȤ̾
`һף֮ǰȥˡ
ڨȻһЦֻ˵˵ѣõıҲзݡ
ַţʵջǷԤڵģһʮ򱶵ʱѼֵƣ㹻Σа޽ڶҲֲǣȫ
ûаĿռ磬°빦ټʮʱӦڶʱڽʵһ̨ף˵ǿߣ롭
Ҫаޣ
`𣬵ͷ
ַ˵ûûջĵرջһʱ󣬲ǱջĵرôֻҪ¹ʵֻʱ⡣
ߣһȥ`ַ˵
漴ǿ粽̤롣
ҲǴź̤֮֮룬ַ֮ǽ롣
Ȼַ循ȲѵǣԼȻȻռ磬δԼһ`ͱ
ÿһνĵطͬôַ棬Ҳ̫⣬漴Ѱټ
ȻѰʮ죬ȴһ
`ͻȻ֮ʧټȫӰ



1721 ĸƿռ
ȥˣ
ַԺðһʺš
ûϣ
Բ󡣡ַȷԼ̽ͬʱͷ쐻޸Ӧֻһпܣʮ춼Щˡ
Ŀǡ
`ռ
ৣַԺ͵ἾģԼһεľʱȻһޣ׹Цҡҡͷ
ǵջܸһ㡣

Ƭռ̽һ飬ֱȷ©ַ漴뿪ƣԭءԼ²`δߡ
̽ѰٶȣһϰɣַԲߣǽռ硣
һβǽֱ̽ӽʮʱԲɵɵߵȴ˷ʱ䡣
ʱ䣬ڵ˵ܱ
һ£ʮ򱶾ʮ£һԪַܿ״̬֪ԼĲ㣬ǾǷı
Ϊޣǡǡ෴Լ츳൱
Ƿȱģֻʱ䡣
ڱޣeͬƵʱ󣬵Ԫز޷ʱͬ

ңûа֮°빦
Ŀǰ֮ΪϵֻаħһǼַҪ֮·ǹ֮֮ܳںϣչơ
Դޣ㲻ʲô
ֻǻѡ
ǿߣ϶д
ҪǿԴޣڿռ޷ͻƵ£һԲȷ
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ֻҪһ֮ԲʵǼ𣡡
ӼԲ̫ѡ
Ӷǿߵǿߣս󣬵ʵȽ׵ĲʵǺܴǿռ軹Ƿ
ɼԲļѡ
ŵһ100%
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ҪҪЩ
ַ²ԸϣѹһȷϣԼԲΪ֮Ƕѵһ£Ѷ˿ڳԽƿߡ
ڹ⡢֮Ƶġ
츳Ѫ֮һ׶εںϣܳʮԶʤںϡ
֮ܽΪһ壬ɵڶ׶ںϣ˵һ׶Բ
ֻǵ;˵ԼҲܹ⵽ںϵڶ׶ε
Լ֮ںϣ޷ԲҲ̫ࡣ
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͵һ׶εںϺ
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ʵõڶ׶ΡַǧʱѾ֮Ϊһ壬ʣµǧ꣬ȴ޷ںϵ֮
֮ͨġ
֮ںΪһ壬һµ壬µԪ͹֮ԭʼӴ࣬һѶȡ
ǿеġ
ô䣬֮ʼǹֻ֮ķ¾Ե׸ˡ
Ӧϣҳÿ֮֮Ĺͨ㣬ںϸӱȶͬʱһ㾭顣
Ȼֱӽ֮ȫںϣ
˼һԪַ
һԪںȻʧܣջȻУһεĳɹǽεʧϣ֪֮·ôߡ
ˣӳ޹Ӧó˰ɣַ̤ʱ뿪ƿռ䡣
~~
âַڽ⡣
ȻϤӰӳ޹Цݵ˷˵ʲôԼĳ֣һЦݸǲá
ջСɣַЦˡ
ٺ٣ȰŶüëһƣϲЦտʮֿġ
Ҳǡ`ȻһЦǽȥ֮ŷ֣ԭ߽ͬĿռҲͬεջ̫ˡ
ַÿ˽Ŀռ粻ͬǹĸռ硣
`һĸ
ַͷָἾԣἾζŽȶĸռ硣
ԭˣ
`ʱȻ



1722 ֮
ַҲ֮ŷֵġ
ÿἾָģǲͬĿռ硣
û´Ӧһǿߵ֮أǺüǿߡַ򱱽`
Ǻü`ףҺͶӳõĶͬ
õʲôöˣַ
һȡһŹֵɫе͵һתѿһԾ޴ɫеÿһë¶Ű̲ؼ¿
ַ循
ٺһЦǷϵ
ۣһܵظɫе૵벻ұҲһնһ޺ˡ
ޣ`ǻء
ַȻʧЦأ޹
`תͷЦЦҵľͨˡ
ҽһǿߵ괫Уͨˣ۾ȣĽ֮ɫʲô֮ǿߵ괫а
ַһ
ԼΪӳѾãû뵽޹ĸã괫Сӳ˵ûʲôĶ֮ºϡٵǮҲ򵽡
ǿߵ괫Уȴǿ
ʦڼһ괫ڶʱΪʵ޴󣬲ǰǱ˴ͬĴ
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Сӵʵܿһ¥ˡַЦ
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ʲôԼȱ괫УѪ츳߻Щһʮʱ֮󣬿ʵ޻ȴʺԼġ
Ϊʱ䣡
ȴһȵʱ֮󣬽ʡԼʮʱ䡣
ʮʱԼջõģԶԶһһ괫ȡͨʵͨ
ʵԶַֹˣڵ˵ͬṩһѵı֮
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˲ʱ`һϲˣἾ
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ԣܰĵ
Ƶκ͸ڶҵõҵҪƿҲסַƳƣ΢΢һЦƵķǿ߶ƻ
ǿߣѾԴ޶ǿˡ
ǿߣա
ǿڶ壬ʮ˶Ⱥ֮һǿҲָ
Ԭһǿ߶δУ˵ǿߣҪƿζҪܸ֪壬˵ûκκô
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ţڶʱʵϡ`ģǿ֮꣬Ԫϣǰһׯ谭
ֻҪ㹻ʱ䣬ʵǣǶпܡ
ôÿһ棬ʱץַֹԼӳ޹ĿռҲʱ󣬲Ҫһȣʱ
ã

ַʮ㡣

ǰһءδǾǵἾܹἾĸռ磬ַ˶ѽһ޷ٽ롣
`ϧҲΡ
ַеūͣԼĲ㣬Ԧо࣬٤ۡ߰ħӵȵȡ
վ˳ӡ
߰ͽħʵ䲻ȴǱӡ״̬һʵ˵ָǸ⣬٤۵ڵʵѲ̫ࡣ
ߣԴһֱǰ˳ӵԸַҲԸ֮
ӸԲ侲֪ʲôʱʲôȺһԱҲõŵĵطûд
񣬼СӶһʵһ֡
ӵҲʵĸƿռıﶼϾǿ߼֮أֻһ΢ַ˵Ҳ
Ѫ⣬ϴ跥Ѳڡַ
ǵģˡ˳ӹ
ַǷĵĸмȻΪַū֮ͣǰֺγūַͣ岢δˣҺķѱ
ԵܷվͿԼˡַӡ
лˣ˳ӵϥأ¶࣬Ϳأѡ



1723 ս
УַϢݴ͵ʵ
ڶڼԬ½ģÿǰһḶٴۣʱ˷ܼһˣѶ鲻Ǳ
ǿԬԬʵδ⣬˻϶ˡ
аޣʵ̫࣡
Ҽԣһһĳ֣Եֵ
Ԭʵǿᣬºڶһǿ𣬱ǵȷջ˲٣иһڣаǶѻɽ
Щֻǲ޷Ѹٵս
ܷŻٶȣһǰУԬһֻʣʮ൱޴󡣶ƬδȻס
磬þˣԬⶽȥֵǶģ
ٵȵȣԬüҧסҪԮҲҪջ㹻ı
Ϊʱ򣬺ܶ̽ıﶼԼ
Ƕ硭ԬȰ
˵ˣԬֱӴϣңԶҲüһģΪҲԼǧѷĻ
ʧܣҶԵԼԵ壡
ߣ
ԬҰı¶
ΪҪһ±Ҫоԣ˶ҡ

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һ꣬ҵʵĲַ壬Ҳ`ʵİ˳ӡ
ĽƿռУһϴ跥ĶȪۣ
֮ǰΪ˳ˣʣĵĶԳ򲢷̬ᣬ磬˲ǿΪ˳ˣǿʸսʿ
Ƕƿߣ˶ѣ޷ʵ
Ǳ֮Ϊ˳ʡ
ڡ
ӣѾ̥ǣΪǿߡ
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Ͼϴ跥ŵģǶѪ
ֻһʵַصģӳ侲ĸԣ൱Ĵ֪ʲôʱʲô¡
ǿߣֻҪ㹻ռ䣬ܳɲġ
ӵģǶӳȻЩԣӳ츳ӹɣ屾ʮ˶Ⱥ֮һ츳ھҲϵȣֻһֱǫ̇̄ɽ
˵ȱ
ƾԼѾǿߵʵջں֮ͻǿȻˮɡ
ʱҵģؿڣջţаɱ٣һܡ
ǿģǰٲļԴ˿ɱȡ
ĿԴ`ȻһЦһ겻û̫仯ַ֪һΣֹˣʵҲӶͻƵǡ
츳ʵһ㣬ʶһǿߵ괫иֱ֮ϣ൱
أ`۾˷ţ
ǿʵɡַһЦ
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ƿʱĵСͻơ
ȷĲ
֮ǰǿķ˷عʵԼսΪûʲôʡ
ͣ壡ݸһЦ۴ɫ츳õľˣȻǶӳ޹Ҳ֪ܷųȥֻп㡣
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һ죺˵ΪҲ뵣ôֻǡһ̾ϢУ`Ҳѵü⸱ģôԪѣҲ֪顣
˱ˣ˰
ȷʵޡ
İɣһܻųȥġַԱ˵ȽһĨЦݣţһҲš
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ҪɱڶЩˣ`޵ӣһ⡣
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`ͷ¶ϣΡ
Ҽݵľۻύַ˱ɢصԵĽƿռڼ
ս



1724 
ַרͶ뵽֮ں֮С
ڶ׶εںδͷÿֹ֮ںԼɣֻĵڶ׶ΣԼһ׶εƣʹԲ༫
ַҲżһںϣһ߼쵶
ʵӣ辳ĸַǴܫеĳΡƺڡ
δĵУ֮ľࡣ
ƺڣƳڰ
ַһֱ֮ĸͬƳǰĺڰԼڶ塣
ֻܷ40%նΪ50%ƺڡִַսӿŨĹ֮ȻӶ65%ϡ
ҵ͵֮ϣ֮رԴϣӸǿ
ӵʮʱַű˸ʱ䣬׷ϣżҲһʱ̾ǿġ
ȻһḶ́ܶʱҲҪһ㡣
ˣˡ

ͷ
ַںϵڶ׶Ϊ赶Ĵ죬ոһգڵڶĵʮһʱڴܫСƺڡ
67%ִַսüͷ΢
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㣡
ԣ㡣ַһ
ԼһֱѰ֮ͳһ㣬ԱԵĳԹ֮ʼ԰ȴڡ
Լóǵںϵĵ֮ҲԵΪչΪβֱԾһ㣬ںϵڶ׶뵶֮һ壿
䣡
ַս貹ͫһϲɫ
·ȫУ
£ȽСƺڡϸڣַܿ״̬ƺڵÿһ仯Уÿһϸ΢ʼƣ󡪡
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68%69%70%
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һεĸĽȴ쵶ķʱ侫á
㻨˰꣬ƺڲɣĵֱ75%辳磬ȵڶСն߳25%൱ˡ
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޴ԼĹһ¥ԭǲΣٽһ
ȻǻЩ룬ǿҲ㲻ˡַԼͲ`ȽϣԼٲȻѳһȡ
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ܿ졣
ܿҾͻᳬӳ
ַջսգѸת򣬵еĴѽβԼĿǰСƺڡǼޣν˷ʱ档
֮ںϣ;
ֻҪںϣԼܴܿһ

һ꣬һꡣ
˵ַ뿪һ֮֮ļ궼ȫչأֻΪںϵԣݴϣķѸĹ
ĸÿһ궼
뵶еںϣȻֱںϸַһȷ·ֻҪԼںϣһξܰȫ·ͳͳ꣡
ޣȴһ̣
ĵʮꡣ
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ˣʮҲ൱ˡ
ӳȫԭǶʵڣѾǶ⣬ֱǣֻҪлᣬǿ߶ܻɱ
˵ڵĶӳһĳѻ
`еĲֻòгɫԴͲƵǿ괫УĽڸտʼȻӳ꽫ӳȫ֮
ٶȣȲԴԴ
ֻҪʱ㹻ǡǿߣпܡ
ڵ`ǲ۲۵ǿߣȹȥǣս׷ƽӳ⡣
ϴ跥ӣ츳ʤ`嶥Ѫ֮·һ˳Ƕǿߡ
ʵӣ걬Сӡ
ֻǷȱַһˡ
˵갢ô`
ûˣôǸ꣬Ӧûɣ
ֲǹգ֡`֮Աǡ
üͷ΢΢һأ㲻ϣôҶȲˣ⼸һֱֹǰչؿ޲Ǹ취ʱȥһˡ
`һνģ
ǿ괫Уûκεƿ
ˡһֱδӣٿ𣬿ڵ



1725 ǻô
ȷʵַ塣
Ӱ֣ʱ
壬ˡ΢΢һ˲ʱЦӭȥ
Ƕˡ`ȻһЦ
ַǸ˼ΪһֱڱչһЩ
`һԡɹˣ
ַЦЦɣ˾ųɡ
ûʮɰ
ַͷʣµһɵԼѾϾЩطǸٹ̣뷨Ѹı䣬ҪĴ̼仯ܾƾ
˵ʱ
ַЦʮˣǻô
`һۣҡͷ
һֱĵҲǵʵһʱټʵսķ
ߣȲ˫Ҷˡ
ʵ޲аԼԼʵжǿһ֮УȴܿԱ˵Ǹĥ
`ַ壺ǽȥģ
ַָָߣȥһߵаްɡ
Ҫ뿪ҪӾɽȥЩаǱܲġһͷаͳľɽΪаޣһԼСӵս
ৣ~
˵˫ͫʱ

ʹء
뿪ɽƣЩ˷ܣ`ЩڴȻô侲ظַԼλúְԼκֻҪӾˡ
ַȻǰĵȻȻñ`ȫ͸ǵǿȺַвСࡣ
壬ڵʵжǿ
԰ɡַ΢ЦӦ
ԡǶǿǣͨǶ׷ʵ
ַȻһЦ֪ˡ
ӣ˸ݺݵı飺Сޡ
ַЦӳŶԸͷаްɣҿɰˡ
аޣ
ԺĦȭƣд˷ܣɱаޣδгһɱаޡ
Ѿ߱ʸ
壬мͷаޣ`ʵ
һͷַʳָ˵һɽݶһͷɱˡΪһǵ棬¼СΣѣоգƽȹ
ʵѵģаޱ
ַ彡ɣȻͷаһͳɽаٲȻǳܺаޣ鷳ġ
а޶ǸΪսռɽΪֻǱܡ
ΪʧȥǵаûСͳ졯ĸǿǵֻԼɱ¾ʳ˶ѡ
ͷа޺֡һֱδ˵ӵһ䡣
šַƳһۣͷ

˲죬ڡ
ԭھͨѱڸδ߳ɽأ㱩а˻а޵ĸӦǸӦַ˵Ϣ
~~
ַͷٿسһڰͷư˽ε״ÿһ϶Ƕ飬ɢŵĹ
ףʲô춴
۷춴տַ֮۷춴ԼһֻһֱòΪԼ֮ʹЩϵ۷춴Ҳ䡮ࡣ
ڣȻͬ
ʲôõģʵ
ϣͻ֪ˡַ΢΢һЦʱ֡
䣡
ֱƿʣͨӿĹ֮Դֱӱñɴ۾ȵȰ壬һû׼ã
𣡡ǰаޱŭĺȫû
Ѫ˫ͫɱϢ˲ǳͷаޣǺˣʱַǳ֡
˷ַսٿس֣â䡣
ȣǿĹ֮ԴյķâжȻ޲ɴ۾ֻղŻɷͷаޣգۼǻҷӰӶʣ
ߡ
ַƽ˾ֱӱǴͨǰѹѹһƬȫǻ۶аޣ`һã׷ȥ֧Ԯַ塣
ճͨȴѼ𺧵һĻ
ַһһչâеսÿһλӳܴɱ¾ûһͷа޵סַһ
ַͷϣ۷춴տе鶼ɢʥĹâ
֮
Ǿѿڶ˲ʱס
аڰħ֮ڰ֮Щ֮ˡַĹ̶֮ʱ䣬ȻЩаޣȴӰ쵽ǣʵ
ǿʥ`˸С졣
֮ͬһʶ
ַͷŵʥԶԶ۷춴ԶԶ
ɣ`뵽ʲôٿ֮һݣȻѡ



1726 ̫
֮Բ`૵
ǹ֮ںϡۼʶ`Ҫ߳࣬ɫȻǰսҲΪַʵе𾪡
̫ˣ
һˣʮͷаޣ
ⲻ䲻·⣬ȫɱ
Ҫκ˰æ̶Ƭ֮䣬ַѽʮͷаնɱһգʵЧʶ̾Ϊֹ
ǿ̫£
߰ɡַתȻס˵ǼǰС
ߣ
ȥģ
`ЩȻǸȥɱʮͷа޺ַ岢δ뿪ɽǷУֱȡɽ֮
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ǸԣЩ֡аޡ
ɽ֮·ߣΪÿһ̶սɽܼ̫аޣַ˱ͷ𹥻
ַ岢ܡ
һͷɱһͷ
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ΪЩ綼Ҫԣڶùʱаʱһа޵Χ¾һаȺв
ַǿƣñ`Щ£ûǶֵĻᣬַһȥʲôаֱӱɱˡ
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ַɳٶȣĪ
˸֮̾⣬`Ҳоϲַǿζ֧ǿΣķסĿԻ
ԣ˵ڴùڶô`ʵ
»С˼ãȻʵѾǿĿǰӦǼ𣬵ڶҲǿߣԬǿеٮٮߡ
㰢Ԭƽ֣أ
̫ˡ
̾ѡ
ԭΪԼջǶǿѾַȣԴǿȣĺԶ
ڶСӣ㼸ʮǿߣ˺սܶ
ҲԷƱԣ񰢷˵ģҪġ`˱һۣʱôںڶǰסڱǿô࣬һлġ
Цһϣɡ
ĿͶַ壬֪ԿڶϣСӵϣʲô
ֻ

һ·ǰС
ַµа޲ǰеٶȼ죬аĶȡҲûȡΧаĵļֵ㲻ҲȲа
аʯһֵǮ˵аȲϵаġ
ߣ˷ʱոаģֻаޡ
ַǿڹ֮ԴҲޡ
~~
ַսװµļŹ֮ƣͺɫȡռһ֮ͬȡ֮Դֲĵ
ȻսַҲԲ
й֮ƵĸԸЩа޻Ǵ´࣬ķɡߣϻв֮Դعʵ
ڳ־ս棬ַ岻
ս
ʮĿޣʮʱڣַķѵĹԶ`Ȼǰʵ΢ĵʮꡪ

һôʯͷʮ£δܽ飬ֱһʯͷȻѣԭһµûǰľʮ¡
䣡ַսڡ
սһսоδսֶ⣬һͷͷŭа޷񹥻ַȫ̽¡

ɽаŭĺ磬ַһնɱͷǰаޣ̧ͷȥֻǳľ⣬ŨµĻ֮Ԫء
һͷϵаޡ
֮ǰֻǸźԶģĸоȴӦԺиֳͷаģַŲ͵һ̤ǰȥ
ˣ
ҶԸģǶԸСġַڱ˶У˲񣬱ַľߣ²۵ʱ漴ϡ
ַ壬Ҫаޣ
ţ˸еЩϢ
ôǿô
~~
һаͫ˲Ϣս׼֮ǰȫͬɽҰϰͷаޣһɷ
ĸҪԸаͷаȺһͷаޣ
ɣ
ûʱȻΪֱַӳȥûаȺУͷտɢ޾ʥâаսնаǰϰȫȥ
ݣݣݣ
Ѹٽս״̬һļӵ쾡£`ʮӰֱӳ۳սͬʾӴĿռת֣ػʩչƼ
µӣȡַ֮ǰλá
ַ壬ǳΪ֧һѼ⵶̵ֱзʺ
аޣ



1727 ɽ֮
̤֣¹ǣβͷܻȼաͷа鲼ŻɫƬе룬ȴޡ
ã
ֱӴ˫ͫ¶ַ塣ƻǹʽаͬ
ͷаޣͺһ㡣
~~
տаַս֮Դ֮ںϣڶ׶γһ壬ڵ֮С
֮ǰɽʱδʹκεУʡ֮Դġ
һͷаֵܹ
ȫԸǿľˡ
ӿ֮Դƿа޻棬ú߱ŭѡַս壬˲ǷΪаͫ¶㵣˲ʱ
Ƭɽ
ɱԵһͷаޣʵ˳
а޺ܿ췢֣ǰʵǿĿ£ÿһƿۼ˵ÿһεĹҪɡ
ǰδеĳǿߡ
𣡡а޸Ͻٻ£Ǵ֪һӮַ壬ʱһа뱱˼սţķֵ
ңַκλᡣ
ƺڣĹֱַʩǿ´ܫС
һľ磬75%ֻһ㽫аشۼ飬Ѫעѡ
ѹԵǿ
Ǳ߱`Ƴ㳡棬ʵҲµַǿû뵽ǿ
аޣһ¾ѱش
ʵ࣬
૵֣֮
ʱַȡаٿؼа˫ͫ΢΢һݣսչâ΢ͷտ財
ʱ䡪
~~~
аһƵâͫȻַ壬ֹһ˿ԥܿӰ˸ʧԭء
շ
ַаշĵһͷаޣǾɽ֮ǻаޣ
ʮŲ顣
ȻķһŲ飬ַΪֵãϾаޣսԼ٣ҪǺ
Ǳаȫʴǲġ
շСӵʵһ㣬ϾаҲǲʵˡ
ûаޣͷавַ岻֣Ҳɱ롣
ַȷʵҲûֻ֣һԹۿ
ʮ֮󣬴ҵʵһ֧СҪ뷢ӳǿսҪ˽ÿһԱʵԣ˲ܸõںһ
޹ĽսܴȻ㣬ʤĻӰ൱
츳ʵֻܲ˵һ㡣
ӳĹˣĻܱҵĹǿ
ַŶӳĹĵ
Ͼ֧ûȡ㣬۹ƷȷԼ֮ϣӳҲԣΪǶǿߣȻܴ
ӱַӵʵǳ⡣
ڵĶλȫ棬ҪӳҪ֧Ԯ޹ʱΣʱͬʱʩչռ⣬ˡ
ʮȥʵĲԼ
ڣӦжԿڶʵ˰ɣַ¶ŨŨս⣬֮ǰǿǱڶƵĹң¡
ʮ
ַɱ


ַ˵Ĵ⣬ʵͬڶʧνأʮȥջ񲻷ƣԬ춼˵ˣڶ˾͸˵
Сӵǿֻʣ߸ȫˡ
ǿԬⶺͼԬ죬֧鲻ʮˣȸսʱ־ڶ˲ʿήңǶ־ȫޡ
ȥɡԬ찴ؿڣüͷ壬űаܲƬ
Ȼôʵʵɲѡټ̽Ѱȥû֪ᷢЩʲôһǻˣѾˡ
һΣ֪Լܻܲ
ƬΣճ̶ȣԶԶԬԤ
а򣬹Ȼʮ֮ǰĵ򡣡Ԭһ̾а£аȺҲ££ԬҲ¡
֪ʲôδ֪Ŀֲ
˵аа޵ĴڣпġԬ촽һ˲سȥ
ΪκʱҪԴΪء
ȻƬδ̽ȫջ൱ƣǿߵѣʾ޶ĲƸʮǿ߶û⡣
ʣµģͽԬо
Ȼ֮ķֳֻɣ֮ǰԼʮնģһ֮൱Բ׬硣



1728 г𲻱Ǿ
һս
ַ뿪ɽƵĵһսݣ
Ǵʤ
öعʵ˷ܵش󺰴Уа޵ϳֺܶعʵЩԭǻаС
а޵ıܣԲ˽عʵҪʱǲŻժȡժȡֱʳ
ԣͷа޺֡
Уǳ͵ģʶаδȫʵͻǣѪ֮ʶѻָ룬ʶռɽΪȡعʵַ͵
ΪˣԼܽշ
ȻǱаа޸֧䣬ΪǲʲôǷӣʲôū͡
㽫ˣ`
ַţָɣʱǾһ
а޵̫ˣ˷ܲѣΪͷϣˡба޸ǿַ壬һͷаޣǵʵѾڶˡ
ҾһսҲո˲ġ
Ǻǿ
԰٣Ҳ·硣
֮ǰģʱһͷаޱƵǱͷа޶׷ĴӴܣڡ
еκһܵԿʮͷаޡ
ϳɵĶ飬սˡ
ʮ꣬ɱ䡣
Ƭδ֮УʲôпܣȻǲڶ޼ɵشƬأȡʵȲ
֮ջҲ׬
ˣڡɡַ֣Ŀɨ`΢΢һַ֪ʲô˼ʲô
䣿
ڵʵҶˣϲ㣬ࡣַ֮ǰȥ·ڵڴȻźڶǿߣֻһǿߣʵԶѷڼԬ졣
뱣סþգôھõĻᡣ
뿪Ŀԣųϡ
`һȲѡ
һֱڴһ쵽ȴû뵽ô죬ǲںڶ׷ɱлһܱס뿪
뿪ˣͷĳǲǾͲܱˣٿʵ
ַͷ
Ҳߡ̧ͷԥַ˫ûκγļϣ`Ծѡ
ⲻԸ񰡣ӳ`ȵ
ʲôҵԸ񣡡˫ֻأߵ̰ô
ַ`ǵͷ
㣬ǡַָ壬˵壬޹ˣôҲôңĴΣնӳҶ¹ǣ˵˵˵˵
޲ݸ
ȷʵΪӳȱ㣬ȴʧΪһöӳô磬ΣΪȡȻȷ̰ƣЩʵ֮顣
ЦӳַЦЦ`أ޹ǻȥ
ǻ˵ô`һ޲ɷ
̰ˣлΪͷԵΪȻԲԼģԲʹͷԪ塣
ַţֻѭ£߰ɡ
Щ£֪ҲҪһ£вгأӳ޹룬ĻԼҲ
г𲻱Ǿӣ


ַ˵һеаյǰС
Ȼʱʮ꣬ǰıѱڶ̽߰˰ˣ©֮㣬ɽƱõӡ
ѰַнٶȲ졣
ѾһҲ޷뱣֤ȫǱϾֻĸˣʧκһöʵ
Ҫ״̬۷ս
Ժڶͬһַ˵ƽأΣյϰѱڶɨżһЩаϮҲȫַƿ֮С
а޶ûУַв
ǰг£ַûرջ񣬵ЩԴȻΧջҪˣϾаĴɼɳ̲ϵɳһôࡣ
ջǶϡ
ɽʱԺ裬ϾʮʱеĿޣ˵ʵ췭ظı仯ҪҪʱĥϡ
⼸£Ǻϣǽ޼䡣
ַͱ֮䣬Ѽ⵶صһ𣬹Ӿ羪ˡ
֪ڶ忴ǻʲôӦЦ
϶ܾ档`ȻһЦ
һΪаȺˡ
ǣǶʵôһͷа޶`ʼ硣
²װ
`Ƴַ壬Ӧǰû뵽ǻߵһ
̤
ٿȻ䣬ַͣɫ΢΢䣬¶һĨЦݡ
ǲ֪ڶ忴ʲôӦôַתͷ˵
ܿ죬ܿˡ



1729 ļСһ
УŵӰٶۡ
ԼԬΪ׵ĺڶһˡ
ʱС²ȵƵģʱǾͲù˼ôˣΪȫ̽еΣѾγ
Ϻڶ屾츳ڶԤ֪Σգ·۸ǿ١
ʶ£ڶ˾֮ǰʮ·
쵽ˡԬ
ǵģ硣Ԭⶲ԰׵¶һĨϲɫʮÿʱÿ̶ĵܽˡ
Ԭһںڶǿ¶ĵЦݡ
ǣܻˣ
̽ÿһ춼ں񲫶ĸۡ
ٿء
Ԭһüͷٿšɫ΢΢仯৵ͣԬһ㵣ҲԬͣ
ݵļžϢ
еˣΪǿеٮٮߣԬ츳ڶ൱׵ģΰǱܹΣա
ԬԲỳɣĸӦ϶û
ˣԬ΢΢ЩɵܽģûһǺǵġ
šԬȻͷ
Ϊ·ڵ߲·Ұǿ߰أҪȾҪɱµķ
ζʲô
ˣǿ򣬶ʵסԼݲʿήң۷ʱһԷԿ¸Σء
磬ǱȡԬ
ܲˡԬԷӦǿߣλˡ
ৣ
ԬɫʱҰס
֮ǰ׷ɱˣλãǡǡˣ
ˮת
ܣһߡԬ쵱ϡ
ңԬⶵɴ˫ۡ
Ԭȵĥ䣬ȥҵѣ֪λá
ԬӦǱԬһƣȥ
֪ˣ磡Ԭⶽ˫¶һִɫͷȥ⣬Ѳ·׵
δػʵսҲܱסһֿܣһֱû

ޣеַ΢΢һ㵣ȴǸӦһǿߵȥ
ôˣ壿`ʵ
ûʲôڶܷˡַ
촽һ࣬ĪʼȻԼʵеģҲΪ𣬵ԵıϾǴǰɼĶ֡
ţ£֮顣
ɽ֮׷ֱַɳշõĻаޣ̤֣¹ǣβͷܻȼգǾɽͷаޡ
ǿߣԼ˶Ƕ֡
ԼܷȥԸΪԼĶԬ죬ߣǲϵĽӽȻɽ֮һӮҲܷζ־ôߡ
ߵսûоɽ֮һ
Էǿȹȥ̫࣬ߵһǿߣֻʣ¼Ԭ켰߸ǿߣ˶϶Էˣʵ·硣
ϾԷϢǿȻа̽ľ޴
ƺԤ̽Ѷȸ󰡡ַ嵹Ҳ̫⣬ϾսʱǶʵĺɫƬڲͬ
ã
ڶʵԽ󣬼ʤԽ
žַս˫ȭͫս⣬ͣսԼսսⶼ۷״̬
Ԭ죬Ӯδ֪֮
ԼԬĽֱӰ˴˫Ķݽ
ʤܣڴһս
˫˭Ҳܲߣ˴˶ܸӦԷĴڣַҲûߣȻˣ͸ɸɴһսг𲻱Ǿӣ
ǰڶӰַȻͣ
󱱽`Ҳͣ£һ˫˫ͫƣսȻңаµǰ˵Ӱӽʵĺɫöɱ棬һɫսס
Ϊ׵һȻŲŭȻƣǼԬ졣
ʲô
˴˼ĵһɲǣԬסֹһҲ㶣Ѿ׼ƴһսȴȫû뵽ġ
֮ǰȺСһ
ǱƵ·ӣļСһ
ʮԬԼѾַһɶΣķ˭뵽һȺʵǿֻǼСһܻ
ֱ˼
ǣǺǡԬǳ鶯ԽЦһ
׼ȫºţ֧Ԭⶣ㣬뵽һȺСһ֪ðպñǴš
ɶ񣡡ҧгݡ
Ԭȸ߸ϵģźڶǿȻЦ¶ɱ飬ǰ¼ͳͳԺֵܲģĿ
ȥ˫ͫѪ졣
һɫ͵˲䱬



1730 ʮ갡
ֹڶǿû뵽ַ`Ҳû뵽֮ǰһֱźµıȳ֣籩壬һʱıֱӹעǶĹ
һ׽أԶɹ൱ϱ
Ԭ˵עվǰͷַϣ˭Ҳû뵽ͻȻѣҹ൱ˣȺ幥幥
ڶǶʵ̫൱ѡ
Ԭһһֱ֮ӵĹǿ߾ûʵʱҺϡ
߸ǿҲʣһشһֱӱҪ
һ˲䡪
߳߳߳
֧ʸĹشǿߣٴλɱһǿߡͬʱ䣬˵Ӱ֣ÿһڶǿߡ
죡
`Ĺ缲磬úڶǿߵӣһǡ
ЦΪȻ
ַԾԵʵݺݳ˺ڶǿһ⣬ԭֻʣ˵ĺڶӪתۼȥشս
ߣԬ֡
ɫֱȡıһŭΪƤ±ɱ˵ǾԳ裬ҲˣСһʵʮǰࡣ
˼
䣡
ɫֱӱɣִַգӲסԬȥ·ӿ֮Դ۹֮ƣַս죬ֱӽԬ졣
Ķҡַ֣һɲ֮ںϣ޾йԬ졣
ʲôԬҲЩȻ
ַ彻֣ʱַ岻ֻһͨĶǿߣûһСһȻѾ𹥻ʵ
ʮ갡
Ԭ𾪵ĲŸտʼַսյıհ貣˲ȼԬͥ
սˣԬʱް飬ȡ֮ر顣
ȻţϾҪʵ
ǿߣԬвκˣƽ˭˵ʮһǿɱǣ֮Աǡ
£һӾͰǰ
ǵˣ
䣡ԬһƣһɲǱˣַǿߣԬ챾ҲΪǿеٮٮߣΪԬ൱ǿ
Ȼ𾪣δΪʹսаġ
ַĽ׹ػʯײ
밵ĶԾ
ַͷϵ۷춴տԺڰǿҿãԬΪҲǵУͬһ۷춴䲻ַ壬ȴ
ңʹ۷춴սʮַ壬ḻܷӳǿ
̣̣̣
˲仯Ϊڰ֮Ԭۼַ幥ǿᣬԸټӲƴȥȭ׳Էؼ۷춴Ըַ壬Ԭ֪Լơ
ľ飬ַܶ࣡
գֱַֹƺڰ֮
սǳԽ۷춴ΪŹϵԴǿַ֮ȫںϵڶ׶Ρ
ϵԴյＫ£
أأأ
ըַýӰֱ
СӣԬɵմָߵСһ̶ʮ˿£ʵֱ׷
ܺڣ
ڵûܽСɱΪ
䣡ַһκԬ죬߷൱֮ǿδʲôˣ͵̤ض˫Ѻڰֱַʺ
ʱ
߳
һ֧ûļʸ֣ռڶԭ׼ַԬֱųһ亹ģ͵һʱܵ谭
ʱַսѱ
һһ
Ԭ첻ֹûзΪԼƱøѣٲά衣
һΣΪһ
ֲ
Ԭ޲ýƤǣɱ飡

ַĶԾԬ챾ûռƣ±ļ룬ʱõþøӲпᡣ
ʧȥԬ챻ַѹŴ򣬻Ҫʱעⲻ֪ķļ֧ν⵽͸Զֹֻʣĸڶǿͬ״ٳ
תۼ䣬һڶǿ߱ɱ
һǰܾ֮ʦ
һʿ¾
սڶʵʮڱԵսʧܣһδνǵ־ĥ
ݣʿһֺ΢ȴžԵĴڡ
ַ˲ʱǴȻѣѹкܿʧȥֿ
ɶ񣡡
ôһӱôǿԬҧгݣַ󳷣з߷߲ƽ֪һıйأõֶģӦԼǰ



1731 ȫ
ԱԽ
ڶ˸һЩԬĴô⣬Ͼַʵڲ֮䣬ҪǿһЩǿòࡣ
һȺľ֣ʹַսɡ
ɣ㹻ѹԬ졣
ڶ˽սһߣȻûбɱƾ`һ˾һӴɱ¾ռ˺ѣͬȫѹơ
ĸ
߳߳
`ͫ˵Ӱִĸ˫һѸٵŲиͺһܱյĿռ˲仮硣
ϣ꣡
ѪһڶĿ¶ʣѪ֮СһպȻ֣`ͫһ˿ϲ
ıǿˣ
һֱϵıǩƯǿ󣬺ʹçһԴֻеȺʵǿΪǿߣҲࡣ
Ϊʣȷʵһ㡣
ǷǷòͻһЩѪ츳ǿʩչ޻ӰѪԽǿ츳Խ
츳ⶫֻʵȽ׵һ̶Ȳܷӡ
£`оˡ

ǿڶսܿͻΪǿǿߣ֤˿岢ֻòѡ
ͬսǣͬԺǿ
`ıֱӽսԵȫûĺڶ壬ֻʣԬһ˾ǱַͱѹƵĹ˾
ƣ㡣
Ӱ˶ģڱһġ
Ԭɫ࣬˫ͫ˸һֱѰ˼Ÿְ취ֶΣ롣ûս֮ģΪ֪ڵѾ޷ɱǰСһ
ǰϵСһ
ܺƽƽӵ˲ս
ʵ
ᣬ˾Ǵˡ
ߣԬ˲ʱٲ߲ˣԶԷ׵ϣûκӮĿܡ
ӲַһԬ˫ֶȻڹ⣬ʱַֹ壬ǹ򱱽`ӡ
Χκԣ
ַüͷһأԬ൱ԼôҲܶöѰΣˡ
ռַѸʩչռ⡣
ʮֹȻ֣ڿռɲʩչʮ𣬽ԬⱬԵȺ幥סʱԬһ֧ڵħƿռ䣬ֱϮַ塣
Եֵ
ΧĿռ䣬֧ħ룬ַսѸٱӲħǿĳʹ岻ܿƵȥ
ৣ
Ԭι˲䣬ǳ롣
ܴҲܻǣٶҲܿ죬Ȼȴһ¡
ַ壬ͬǿߡ
ԣַǶеĶ壬ͬȼ޵С
ٶȣԬֻ첻
ңӵ쐻޸ӦԬߡ
һԬ㱻ַ׷ϣ벻ϵСӽѸٵؽս˭Ҳκβ˭ɵˣԬ첢սֱȥ
ڣڵϤ
Щط̤̽ģʲô
׷
ַûκԥ֪ԬǹΪ֮ȻǺãѲҲԼͶѷֿûбԼʵڲ֮䣬¹˭δ֪֮
ռݵȻһһôַɫƽ׷ᡣ
Ǿ
ǿսԼ֪ٴΡ
ʵڲ֮սʲôþ壬ʵһΧԬ죬Լϲһһ
ʤԼ
ԬһʼȷӣӲ˺ת뷨һһַ壬Ȼַʮܴ󣬵ԬԼʵǺġ
ϵȷԼ۾黹жϣַ֮ϡ
ɱٽԬ˫ѸɨٿǰһǵǰһƬ൱ֲ֮أϢǱΪʧ˲ˡ

֮أ
ԬĿ¶ﺮ⣬弸Ѹټ۸ȥ

ַ壬ϵĽӽ
Լ֪Ԭ뷨ԲںˣʲôıƣиĵΣû⣬ⷽ˭Ҳռˡ
һƬδ֪ԼҲڶʱڸӦһ
ޣôַӦԬٶǲϼ٣Լľ˲ʱ٣쐻޸Ӧɢȥַ΢΢һ
Ϣ
һƬַ治ѡ
;ɽһǰͬһƬϢ޷֪֮̽أĵطһֻֿܣҪôܺãҪôܲ
ΪԬȻ̽ѰƬԺܺõĿԼǿȥˡ
ৣ
ԬӰûУϢȻʧַüͷ΢΢šٶȲɵȻƬϢ֮ء



1732 ӵС
ɭĵ򡣡ַһ룬ŵһɸʴζƬŵаͺܸʴһС
ݹĶַĿȥڳѹһƬ֮أͺƻɽ¡¡졣
ĸӦȫΣһصһĿռ䡣
ϵڵɫž綾ϷŢϽµĹʵǸᾹ״ħĹʵ
һſŹ񣬲ϲа˵Ĺ졣
һУ͸а
~~
ַĸӦɢȥ޼󣬲ȻܸоԬĴڣԼԶ֮ûܣͣ
ڵôַĿɨһۣ
ԼԬ죬ҲߣʵԼаŨߣҴ͸аͺڰڰԬ˵Ǿѵ
ǿˣԬĺ

ħ֮ҲκӰ졣ַǲںаȫȴУԼħ֮Ϊͬﵽ
ȻԼóʩչ֮ĻԼеΣա
ʼպܹ졣ַǰС
ĿƬھ綾ֱԼ·һʲôΣգΪԼϢȫ޷֪̽
ΣգԶΣգ
ڶĸӦֻ츳ڶ¸֪Դ쐻޵ĸӦַеһЩԬ϶֪ȻҲѡս
ҲпԼġ
ϾԬһ֪Ļ
ҲΣѾ˰ɡַҲδٶ룬ǰаưɢ¶һϤӰ
Ԭ죡
ȻӰŭǿƣȻ֮ǰսһֱѹƣ˵ˣԬơ
Ȼӣɫͫ˫
ַĳ֣ԬһšӵС
ַӶ΢Цⲻϣô
ԬҸᣬҺڶ壬֮ǰһҶ̣еλֻ֮£ҪıκҶ㡣
ַȻʧЦ
ҸʱúÿǡԬ
ַԬ죬ȻһЦǼعȻǳܼɱô㶼Եû·
Ϊ㲻λϡԬ
ַЦЦɼСʵܼ򵥣жг𱨳𣬻һЩһЩѭġ
ৣ
ַս棬âҫۡ
ƶȻ䣬ȴǲٺԬϻԼû¹
ǰᣬڲᣬᣡ
һܣַǼǵú·ǰԬĶݽ棬ʱԼǰһ
ʱգԼ㹻ʵһ¡
䣡
ַƾˣһֱܫԬսƫڿƣܲ͸磬ۼַ幥Ѹٺ󳷣ڰâʱ˫ֱ
~~
Χаڰڴ˿ǿַ࣬ͷϵ۷춴տʥâǺڰ֮Ŀǡ
ֱԬ죡
ںϵڶ׶εĹ֮ս֮ϣַĹ磬ľǽһΡ
ѹƣ
ԬУ߷Ż
ǿߵĽ棬Ƭžشľ޴󲨶аײƻ밵֮Ľ棬ʹƬݱø࣬Ƶ
˲֪֪ҲϾᡣ
һƾеսʤһ֮䣬ûбַսԬ첻ֲ٣һƸǿһЩһḻһЩ
СӣƬڰаˣȴܲܰӰ졣Ԭаݣַġ⡯ޱȡ
ѡΪսǿĻ
һδɵСһǹ֮Ļԡ⡯Ӱ󣬱Ͼڰ͹໥Ƶġ
ԬԲ֪˹֮⣬ַ尵֮ͬˡ
䣡
ַԽսԽ˷ܣܾûԹ൱սԼʮĿ޾֣֮ںϵڶ׶ʣһɣսкܵࡣ
ˣµĸо
߶ԣսԶʵõķʽ
Ȼս
䣡䣡䣡
ַĹʯ쾪κˣ಻ϣԬķܲ͸磬ʯʱͷŵĿƼû
ѷѽˣδ˿ϵ䣬ԽԽǿҡ
ݲϸ࣬ϸ΢𶯣Щؾɽ㴦緢ԵµĸоٲȻǳ֡



1733 
ԣսеַ͵һݡ
˫ͫ٣һԴĵľ˲䱩ǡ쐻޵ĸӦ˲ϵĹأַ˫ɫȻ䡣
أ
תΪأַѸȥ
ʧȥƣҲó룬һּΣսӽĸо
ڲ֪֮£أ
ޣǱԬƼЧһֹϷַ壬ѷᣬͫɱ۶һɫ⡣
ԬĹѸײڶһɫмַ塣
˫ͷ޾ڰֳһħַ֮ɣԬѪĿ˲ѹַ壬Ȼ
ڴʱ
䣡
¡¡
ԭϸ΢Ĳ˲𣬾ͺ緢Ŀֲཬϣ綾ĺŨ֣¡¡ľǵء
~~~
һŨ£ȫĺ˲Ԭ죬ȫź֮УԬɴ˫ۣȻޱȡ
ȫã߸ȫסϢŻѣеڴ˿̾ͺ롣
ǿĺڰȫɡ
ȫֲ
ƬŨĺ𣬲ԶַţҲ𾪲ѣһͷģĺɫаޣˮĸһ㣬ַ㣬ʮ־޴
ÿµĶַ廹ǵһμĶ
ԬǿߣǶ
ʱźУڰҶк񱻲ϳ·Ƥ仯״Ȼ淢ʲôȫõ
Ԭ죬
Ƥ࡯ı仯ӸտʼľңŻٶȣٵƽϢֱһҲͷɫа޷һٿһƤǱ롣
һƬҲݲð
һɫаޱУʧӰ
ӳֵ뿪ָ֮䡣
ַ循ŰգԭԬûаӰϢʧӰ٣һз̫ͻȻš
ǿߣԬôˣ
ֱַȻ١
ԭΪԼԬһλֳʤ뵽Ľ־һͷɫа޵ͻȻ֣˲ƻ
ͷаޣӦñڴĺɫǿַĵ
˼䣬ٿ֮һݣַüͷ͵һأ廯һٿرԭضߡٴʱԭƽǴܳһɫӴӰ
~~
Ţĵĺţգۼַԭ֮ء
ܿ죡
Ҹ
ַѡ
~~˫ͫ˸ַʱǿǺɫа޵®ɽĿһͷò͵ޣֻȫŢѱ
ʮֹ㣡
ַ˲ʱռֱȡɫаޣһ̽ʵ
ռŤһɫʮֱӸɫаޡÿһУһսлļŢҷɣɫа޷ַĤҹĶ

߳߳߳
ַҧʮֹعɫаŢ֮µļһƬ⻬жʮʮɵĹɡ
ˣʹúɫа޺вѡ
~~
кʧɫаǱŢ֮Уһſž綾ݸʱʧӰظϢ̽⣬ַüͷ
ˡ
аޣͺɫһаޡղŵĶݽ棬ֱַ棬Ȼͷɫа޽Ԭɱܾƾжʵʵ
ֻս
潻սԬδػ䡣ַ˫ɫһԬκβɫͬκβԬ졣
ȻΪص⣬ΪԼǣƣԬ쵹˴ù
ͷɫаֱ͵Ϯ
ĺڰ֮裬Ԭ֮£µǡַźŢţƤһԬʵŹֵ֮¡
µô
츳е
ַ̾
츳ͱʵóãԬͷɫа޵츳֮£Ҳ㶪ԼҪסֻҲͬ֡
ַԴ쐻޸Ӧͷſڴɫаٳ֡
ȴԸΥ
һһҲǳ𡣡ַȻһЦ
Լղʹһ٣а͵ϮԼͷɫаȴȫӰԬôˣþա
~~ַһۣҲû취
ܲǱأȥĵɣ
Լмġ
ȲȥӳӦҡַĵ漴뿪ޱȵء



1734 þòˣ
ȥַܿҵӳˡ
ԼϣѰԼԼԬĹƣԼ޲һ֮Ա
û¾ͺãղ̫³çˡֵ
ַһů֪ӳǹԼͷ֪ˣӳ
Ǳˡ`һ˼˸˰壬Ԭأ
ˡַӦ
ৣ
ɫʱһ䣬˷ܺͲš
ˣ٣
ַš
Ҳ˰ɣһһɱԬ죡`ַ壬ͫ˷Ͷء
޹ءַЦʵǱһͷа͵Ϯġ
аޣ
޲һ
ʲôаôԬ춼ɱ治ѡ
ַз渵ֱñ˾ֹ̾ʵ棬ַ嵱ʱҲ˺һ
һǿߣ̾
ͷа޺츳`⡣
һ츳
ַ΢΢һȡ
˲ʱӦ򱱽ӳ˼ǡаеа
ԣԺܴ󡣡ͷǿ츳Ҳаޱʵҹ簢ԣͷаֱɱԬ죬ֻһ㴹
ַͷ
Ԭ׵֮УֻǼӾ
һ̸Լĸоͷа޺Ԭ֮ʵ֮࣬
ʵϣ
ͷа޽ֹȥĹκβ㣬㻹ռϷ硣ɫʵԬڲ֮䡣
ûʲô츳ǿġ
ȻҲųܣļаΪаǿʵơ
а
ִӱеһ˿
ַӳһаĳǧվĸ߼ۣһλҪߡ
аһȲ
һûеģǾʵȼ֮ͨ߶ʹаӳֲʵ
ȻҪֿסаа
аַૣа޹һɲǣٶ죬аԼУͬȼǿߵĽУֱʩչ
Ǹж£
аԼģͨħ֮Լܷаǿ
ܽɱǾͷˣ˷֮ɫаζܻһаʱ`Ͳ˵ΣԼΪҲǣ¡
ȴġҡаڣ
ס`ü΢
ַͷвûκΰ취ġ뿪ķܵҪɱҲѱȵ졣
Լֹ֪ͷа޵
ĵ̺ӮǿúɫһռžԵңƬ൱ΣգܿܰԼҲȥ
ҪɱͷаޣаѶ൱֮ߡ
ȷһţʱ˵ɡַˣڶȫ˰ɣ
һ˸ͫοЩ˸УͷȪ飬ӦҲĿˣˡ
ɱĺڶ壡`һ
뵽Ĳз𼸵ỨԵ`ۿʪȻ˳𣬵ܸȻʹ
ʵַˣһʱҲ֪ôڡ
ٿء
~~
һ޴Ӱǰս¶ΪţͷֱޱȵĴ׳һ޸¶ȻϤЦݡ
ǲ

ʲô
`סˣͻȻֵĲԴһƬȻ
þòˣҡȻۺſֱۣһѱѱ§뻳У嵥ʱ񱻹סһ㡣
ʱıû
ͷǴͷ`ۣᴥ
ң޹ǺЦþòֱƯˡ
ৣ
`һֹס߿ޱЦʱֱۿ̲סؿޣ̲סЦ⻵ˣôƭ˼ôᣡ
Դ۾Ҳ⡣
ͷûʱǷӦȻ֪ʲôۼ˹ָоֱ飬˷ܵͨ죬״Ρ
˽ӵһԪ꼫̡
ַңңվһĻҲǱпο
ңžˡ
ȻΪ˲˷ԦһŲ飬ֵáԼҲסƲһжʲôı䣬͹ˡ
飬޼۵ġ



1735 ȥû
Ļع飬`Ļˡ
ַĿ˲ûа⣬ΪǺַô⣬ҪǲţʲôҪ
û뵽ǾܰѺڶ嶼ɵ̾ѡ
֮ǰȻˣҲûôһ졣
ǿǺڶ壡
ǿĶ飡
ǣһǿ߶δضԸˣ£ȴȫӺڶ塣ͬ飬пǧ
࿿塣
ǰûںڶˡ`̾˶ַĹж
ĺģѲǶӳ
ҵĹַ͡ǫ
˸ǫһ䣬൱֮ãڡ
ϧһһ̾
֮ǰԬֿǸǿߣɹˡ
ַţԼ˾ɽ֮ȥ׷ɽֻ֮ʵȴǿߣеǱֶΣʧԤ֮С
ԬϾǼ൱ϵ
ɱЩڶǿߣָвûκα`
ǽӦûȥַһײǣӦøպ׼ȥǶµԡǵıﲢδüתơ
ǰھıӦͳһˡ
˶öû顣
ΪԬоԵͳȨԻ£бַܷ˵ط
ʮ꣬ǵĴָеı¶ѻɽˡ̾ͫ˸õⱲӶóˡ
ʱǰƬıﹰøڶ塣
ڣлõڶʮõб
ǳڴ
`ҪôԬУҪôܵǸǿ
߿Բ󡣡ַ
Ϊʲô`⡣
ַˣԬ죬ὫｻиǸǿô
˳˼ҡͷ²͸
ַԺСΪʱԬѷǣȷǷȥ׷Ǹǿߣһ㲻ðգˣŵʼԼ
һǿϣԼִڶ˱㹦һ
ңԬʵǿ
ʵǿλߵǿϣ
ԣЩﶼԬϣȻ
Ӧáַüͷ壺аˣŴָҲʧˡԼʱӦδз֡
ΪԬа֮еģʲôû¡
ȥû`
ʮ꣡
ʮƬĿģڶһ˵ջж
Թ㣡
ߣȥǸ󣡡
һͷаޣϲаԬĴָ主Уɱһͷɱʮͷа׬ö࣡
ֻа˻ȷǷðա
ԬĴָٴ󣬶ҪһԾ

а·⡣
ǿԬһΪ׵ĺڶǿţǼԬԬһԵľɣֻлЩ⡣
ʵԬⶸǿԬֻԬⶲ
ٿء
ಣ~
һƿӰٶۣԬһʱɫһ䣬һ˫ĿԶȴԬѪգǱԬһЩȻ
ôˣⶸ磬ʲôˣԬһæӭȥ
û¡Ԭҧ
أôһˣԬһĿһ£ʶط鲻Ծ
Ԭⶳ棬񽻴ңţһ
ޡԬһͷ
漴Ԭⶱ˵ȥ
֮Բᵽ˵Ͼ¹ؼ˥ţÿһ¶ĿģҪ
з˭Ҳ˵ݴ确Ԭ

ڶ塣
ףʲôԬĿ
е˽£ҼԬƷŲ裬
ԬĿΪʲôʶ壬Ҫʸأ
ԬƷ΢΢ͣһ£ȻܿЩ£ö֪ɡ
ŶԬĿ˼صͷݵôصļϵϣҶ֪
Ԭ΢Цܾ֮ǰˣû㵱Ȼ
ͣڰգԬɫȻһ䣬˫ͫʱ
ʶ£ֻжԬ֪δ߹ܣô֪ģ
ܸģԬ˫һǶҵģ֮ǰìܣܲѰ
ãԬ漴ߣ
ȥģףԬĿʵ
ԬȥǱ߷ʲô¡
ԬĿƶǶصͷ֪ģ
ԬȻһЦ
Ȼ֪ΪһڶȺһӡ
ǿߣԬһ



1736 ӹµ
Ӧ֪Ѿȫ¶ˡַ
˵ͷ
֮ǰڶ֪ǵĴڣһ©֮ˣᷢʲôҲ֪ԼһڶûгԹãƬ֮صӮҶֻһ
ΪΪʳԹȻ
ڵʵ뿪û⡣ַ˵·ڴĺڶǿߣǵĶ֣뿪ζǷ
˳Ĭˡ
Ҳַ֪˵ʵ뿪ףٽˡ
Թһοĺڶ壬ȻٳԵڶοڶϾʮ˶Ⱥ֮һпģҲǿǿߴڡ
Ԭڵ֧ԶǺڶǿ֧
ߣһܷ뿪Ǹδ֪֮ˡַûȫ̷ϣҲ޷ֹ̫ۣᷢʲôԤϡ
˼
ǶҲ٣ַ˵˼
ߣζŷɽ˵ĲƸͻ
ߣζǽ񲫶֮׬˵ĲƸҲδܻ뿪
ȨȻЦˣܼһѾңڵʵﲻǡ
ҡ`ҧݣԥ
üͷš֣˫ȭŲܸӡ
һʮּѵľһӴܾܿ̽ԸϢļžַȻ߱`ͬҲȥӰǡ
Լ˵ûеڶѡôѡһ
ǴһʲôʱͲ֪ˡ
սн
`ҪߣԼҲϾ˸־¹ҲӶ˭뿪ͽߡ
һʱ̣ڶ廹ô졣
ѡ
ַ`漴򱱽ѿ˺ܾã·оַĿ⣬ٿ̧ͷһ˫ͫɡ
ӳоˡַЦ
صͷ¶һĨȻЦݣظҪ
ޣ
ַһ
簡ӳַջıȻ࣬Ҳˣ㹻ӳ㰲ȹһˡ
ԼʶĶӳ϶ѡ뿪
ǣҲ̰ƣԼڻ¯￾Ϊʲôλѡַӳ֪䲢Ϊ̰
Ǯûôɵ¶ӳ
ȷҵ硣ЦһЦǰҡ
ջ࣬ҲҼǿߣվڶ˵ζ򴽣͸һȣͻȻҺ
֪Լļ
ǲܳΪԴ޶ǿߡ
ҵ츳ҴﵽʲôĲΡ
̫̫֪࣬ˡ૵ȻһЦַ壺ԣ
ַ֮һЦ
ӳڲ֪иıˣǰĵȻڵСҰġпƴΪһǿߡ
ҪΪġӳ
ӹµ
ˡǿߡͷƿζࡣ
ԶԸҪǿɾͰˡ`һ˵üδЦݣȻҲͨ
Ҳ֪ǲ츳УʲУԶֻеȺ
`ȻҪ֤˿ͬԺǿȺ㣡ӳ`һŮǿ֮ĸŨ
Ȼ岢δ츳`ûз
䣬ֻһ
һӹӹµµ̻ţ
ˣַЦˡ
Ȼߣ`һۣͫȵĻ档
ǣٻصȥ
ҪΪǿߣԴ޵Ķǿߣ

˾`Ǹᶨ
ַ·£˺֮ܿУĿǰҪĿꡣ
صŽǱޣϾڵʵֹﲻ飬ϺȡԼҲ֪뿪ʮ̫꣬ࡣ
ַ˵ı֧Ԯ㹻õ˵ˣ׷ǵȼûġ
ϾʵͲס
ù󡣡`һ룬˸
ӦͬᵽﲻͬΣգһأСظַԣҴ⡣
ǿԬ춼һ͵ϮķԬ˲֪Ρ
˵ĺģַ塣
ΪַĴڣ˸ƬȻ˵ааûаƾǵʵҲԶԸаޡ



1737 Ϊа޶
ƽ󣬴͸һɹ죬ɭɲ
ͨǿ߽ٲά裬պĶ൱ǿɱֲģǲµаޡ
˭Ҳ֪ʲôʱ֡
һ֣Ĺɱκһˣַڡ
Ȼǰ͵Ϯɹ
ұ뿪̫ԶַԼĸӦа޳ǰʾ̫Զͻ鷳
á`ɫأһַ塣
ڵħĵŢһ綾ݣﲻֻаޣΣգ硪
ϣ
һùĴٿطѣ֦趯ѿƤƬһһƸ֣ħͫ
`ӰáľȻÿһӰͬĹ
ùʵ൱ס
ֲص㣬ǲ˶ࡣ
߳ļ÷ɿ죬ﵽǲεĹùɵֲǿıǷԣһ֦ǿķļȫơ
ַһԿţδ֡
һǶаʵ˵ȷʵӳ`ԶһֲͬԼҪĥӳͬҪĥ
ԼֵȷɱаûҪ
飬ֻԼ
ͷа޿湻סӲǲ֡ӽ󣬱һֱûа޵ټַҲ鷳
ԼΪа޶ģаֶ֣ôɱ
ѵǱô
϶֣ʱǱɱԬ죬֤ܸ֪ϷϢġַ֮⣬ϸŵһս
ͷβÿһϸڶŹ
ԺиֳһĻһĻ쳣Ĳа޵ĳ֣ɱԬ죬һʲôԼ֪ġ
ʲôа޳֣
սϢô
ԬϵıϢ
ֻǽսĵϢ֮أ

ַ˼
Ȼһͷӵһǵаޣ͵ϮܣаȫаʧԵа޸ǿҲѶԸ
ҪɱҪ
ַսǼҷ׳ʵı`ʵҲ飬ϣ߳а޲Ϊһ㶯ûС
ֱսƬûκα仯
ǵһǣŰһа¶֮ûκӰ졣ǰɭɲ㤺Ȼû
һ¡
Ǳ`ڰз·˼ʲôȱߵĸ`սÿһɲǶʵʵսս˵ǳ
ǰһаȺüǿַ֡
аս൱ѣԼʵҲûаܹսʤڴĺɫ
˾ţ֮òӮˣջûСЦ
ôûУ޹ַָ`˫ͫٲȻЩʲô¶˷ܵЦݡ
һЦ
޹ջΪеˡ
ʵаǺܲϰ󣬷ǿ㣬ֻҪԶĹΧû¡ַ
Ҳǡ
ҲĽ޹߻ǣӳַЦ
Цŵͷʵ۷壬ͻƾܳΪǿߣڽаǰġ
ڣĿѾܽӽˡ
ϧͷаʼû¶档̾
Ҫַ˫ֻҪƬܻҵ취

ڶ塣
ףǲкϢԬĿ׵ı飬֪Ϸ
ԬλЦҲû뵽а·ڣһƬȫδ̽򣡡
~~ԬĿʱ𣺡Ƿˣ
Ԭصͷͫ¶Ұģն㹻ıǼпڶǰʮȺ
̫ˣԬĿϲʤȭ
ٿʲôԬĿԥ·ǶǷֵģô
һȺΪأһߡԬԬĿȺΪмһ£ǧܽ˸Ͷ뵽档
ֻҪڼ壬ȥ
κ£
ԬĿƶǶصͷǣס
ԬţټһľӢСӣ׼
ȥôףԬĿε
ԬͷǿߣֻǾǳҴÿԺúĥһ£ȥټ֧ӢСӣ
ǣףԬĿ˷ܲѡ



1738 
ڶȺкܶ壬һôֲ֦
ÿһֲ֦ô׳
ԬǣԬͬǡ
ΪվȺϿ⡣
Ԭڵļ岻ֻǺڶڶͨһ֧ʶֺԬݣĿľΪһɽ
ԬǲһԬȺв𣬴һá
ԬһһֻҪ֪֪
·ڡ
ৣৣৣ
ԬΪףѹѹһƬڶǿߵаһӢСˣӢСʮˣľӢСӶʮˣӵĶӳΪǿߡ
ϼԬܹĸǿߣΪǿߣݺƵ
һӢСˣ˶ӳǿ֮⣬սޱȽӽǣ죬˿һ˵ǿ߶顣
һǿݵԭ·ڴĺڶһ£ԬһͱԬǲںڶһߡ
ȻҪҲܣԼ
֧СӾһǿߣԬһһǶǿߡ
̫
·ڣԬĿ٣ǵһμΪ
չŶغκҪɱۣԬɫȻ䣺κҪͬɱۡ
ǣľӢСӶӳԬչӦ
ԭĺڶɵˡ
ɱۣ
˶ɱۣ
֮ǵļҪҲɱ
ǲǽֵô
ô죿ԬչĿƳԭĺڶˡ
ԬԬĿĿأ
ԬĿһЦ⻹򵥣ף˳߲ҵô
šԬ¶Цݡ
ԭһںڶǿУȴȫˡ
ʲô˼
ԬһԸ˳ӳԬһԬˣһǵϥ¹򣬹ڶԱʱӦʶʱΪܣӦ˳
˵ֻҪܱסС
ڼܻ뿪ˣⲻܲĵġ
ںڶǿв̾ʵôпᣬνֵ궼ǼٵģھԵǰһ

·ǿʳͬҷ׳ʣַޱѶãɱа治ʼ޷аޡ
ͻȻʧһߴټңа޶ûһ㶯
᲻˯˰`
ַ֪ʼ硣
һòϴα˰ɣ壬ŵϢˡ˵Ĵš
ģ⣬ַ岻һ¡
԰Լôû뵽
һа޾ǱԼܣĶӣ±а֧ӰаûǣȻ͵ϮͷаȻǵġ
ϴܣܶȫпܣ
ܿͷСаޡ
Լ쐻޸Ӧǿ͸Ƭ෴аȴܸӦϷϢԼڡ
֮ǰ̫ˡַЦѡ
Լ˸ֿܣԽԽӣƫƫû뵽ʵǺܼ򵥵һ£аҲãޣ޶ãʵȻʵǿġ
ԡ
Ѱ졣
Լڣƾӳ`ӣҲа޵Ķ֡Լڣа޲ȫͽ޹
ǣԼӦаޣܸӦԼ
ǿȲܱǿΪƬ󡣡ַƬԼܸ֪а޵λá
֣Ƭ󵽵ʲôΪʲôܸ̽
ַܺ档
һܸ̽ģǼֿܡһǽơ󷨣ƩɽƣǺǿԶԶʵȼ
Ƭȷǽ󷨣Ҳû̫ǿ˵ϡ
ʲô
ҪôȥһԣַԺͻȻðͷȻ֪ΣգΣպսȴ̼Լģȸȸԡ
Ǻ;ɽһĴڣԼǴ

ʲô
ɣ
`Ŀɿڴ޲ΪַĴ֮һ
밵գ֮أ
ңƬŢֲУһͷɲаޣƿǿааޣҼ֣֮С
Լűԡ
ҪʼպҡַƬھ綾Լħ֮ǲ壬ΣգƬһûΣգ
ңһƣڽԼӦ֮һ磬ԼܸӦġ
뻢ѨɵûӡַЦŶ˵ǲõңΣվȻؾɽȥҳǡ
˼ַѾҲٶȰͷӦʡ



1739 Ե·

Ҫ൱Ϊ˭Ҳ֪лΣգһͷûаޱ㹻ͨǿߺһˡ
~ַ۷춴ҫʥס
ϵںڰٶЩã²ʥһԼʵ㲻Ҫ춴׵аͶӡ
սԼϣȫľ档
ͣ~
ǱһƬŢ֮У´°йǿ·ַѸֱ׹ȥһƬڰȫϢ谭
ӦɢȥһƬǿ̽Ѱ˺ڰǺڰǿ̽һ㣬ȴûκĴڡ
꣡
³·׹޾ָо˿־壬ַ岢δţɸӦΧһУԿܷκα仯
žžž
а޿ײ룬֮ڣ߾սףҲѵס޿ײĶַ岻ͬ
ǿ쐻ȫƿ壬ػꡣ
вƵĶڣδж޾Ţ̽ȡ
ԽԽǿˡ׹һСʱַоǿѴﵽ£Ѿֿܵˡ
룬ڵѲˡ
е鷳ַüͷ΢΢һ壬ƣʱԼɱаޣҲ޷ЩûãΪԶûǸʱ
£а޵λö޷ȷ
ޣٿأַ֮һȻ
ˣӦɢȥӦһƬݡڣϷıݺƣԼû´ݾǡ
꣡
ַ崩͸һƬĤµĿռǣɫмתһֱѹƵ쐻ȫͷſѼ
ַһ㶡
ĿһƬݽޣζ˱ǵһԴȴô羰֮аγԱȣһʱЩȻ
Ԥеаޱ鲼ǲƶ񤣬ɱ¾ѪȫһƽݣУͷ·һƬ硣
룬ίʵš
аַЩƺ֣Ϣɢȥ΢΢һݣ˲֪ϢԼԼ֮ǰ֪Ĳͬ
аޣ
Ƭ֮سааޣ֮⣬еַٿɫһ䣬ã
ղŵĸӦ
ǵǿҲǾĸߣǡ
ʵ£
Լ̽ôΣϾʵֻǼ֪̽ͨǿ߿ܻܹأǿǿߣǿأ
ʵԽ󣬾Խѡ
ھԵʵǰɵûᱻ
ַǼ۶ߣһСͣǲܣܲԷٶ̫죬ԶԼѡ
뿪ƬһԴµȴ̫󣬽׳ȥˡ
֮֮
Էδ¶ɱ⣬ѷǵС
ӦδаӰǡַ尵⣬ʱǿϢٶȼ죬Ϣźܴԣͬһ
ৣৣৣ
ɫӰ˲䵽γһνΧס
ޣַĿȥɫӰȫվ̵ɫϷһħƣ͹Žʮǿ׳
೤һƬͷεĶ䣬һ˫ɫͫһֲĸо
ĿϬʵ
Ǽ
˵һ׵ؽԼɱǿУͽ͵ģƺûɱԼ˼
ħ壿ַħԿڵ
һӵͷ࣬˵ħԣ
ַһЦһħѪ
ǡһһЦΪ˵ǾͲɱô
ַ΢ЦλǰʵԶʤɱɱֻһ֮䡣
ӵƨĶҪͬ飬Ե·ˣܻܲͿԼ
壿飿
ַһ䲻֪⡮Ե·ˡ嵽ðģȻǸȺڶȺԼղŸӦıǿߡ
ڶΪʮ˶Ⱥ֮һǿҲֻǿߡ
ѵҲʮ˶Ⱥ֮һַüͷ壬ʮ˶Ⱥûνġ塯
Ҳݲôࡣ
ܿ죬㱻ǿߡ롯ȥμӿ顣
ַҲΡ
ԭֻΪɱа޶ȴĪ򣬺Ȼĵ̣Ƕصһ׹ء
Ҫƺס
Ǹǻǻ㲻
ֻܼˡַаȴҲ
ֻ˵ġ顯ʲô



1740 
ַҲû̫뷨
Ȼ߲ˣú
һ·ǿϤ٣֪˲ٹ弰Ϣߡ뵽ĺĵشп顣
Ĺأ˭⡣
ʧܣȻǳɹɿ飬ܻ˵;أΪϱ
廹Ǻܽġ
ɹΣַʵ
УһԪоʮŸμӿ飬а˸һǿߡҢ˳
šַͷ
һɴʣߣҲ֤ͣлᣬΪѡ
ûʸμӿ飬ֱˡһǿߡҢ˵
ַһ¡
μӿ黹Ҫʸ
ǲڼԵ·ôΪʲôʸ񶼲ˣַ岻⡣
ǿߡҢơƳһۣʸμӿа
ʲô˼ַ岻
ļ֪ˡҢ˴ش
ַţҲ׷ʡ
ȷ˾֪ˣȻʲЩʲô²һ׼һ·ľʹԼս׼۷״̬
һԪûʸμӿģܹǿַа
֮ﲢֻһڡ
ʮ֮أаֹһԪʮԪֹƬδģȫµĵ򣬻֮֮һԪû˽
ôǿߣȻԼһ룬ͨܡ
뿪϶з
£ҪĿ飬ŶԣȻòμӿʸ񡣡
μӿʸٲȻܻãɿıҪ٣ٵĶࡣ
һ·С
;ַӦϢǺǾӶ࣬Ҳв٣һȺǿɱⶥȺǰеʥ壬ȵȡ
ͺڶһȺҲֳһ֧γһСȺ䡣
Ң˴ҢҢ߾ͬһ
еǳ׺ĺĵشʥأסǿߣĵ񣬹Ľ
̸ʥأҢ˳ҢҢƱһ羴֮Դĵס
ħ˵ټַ֪ħ壬ǿΪȺΪһУԸʮֵհħ˵ֱ֪ν
ħΪħΪ
ǾģֻбǸǿǿߣ
ܶħʵϵѪ⣬մȾࡢȺĲѪʹħ屾Ա仯١
ƩԼԴʱϵİħ壬ظ顣
һ㣬ƺҲһЩ
ħ壬ôšԵ·ˡַҲȤٿ֮һǰһ
Ũž˵ġаԶߵаŨʮֹ
аֱָħ֮Уܻ֮
ʥأ
ʥء
ַԺжȻð֣ߴʱҲҢ˳ǵˡ
~~
Ң˴ħַ̤ĺĵشʥؾںĵشģͨ嶼ȥ˵ַ塣
䣬ĵشҪܼ࣬ǿߡ
ɫļŮҲҪλħԣźǿ֮൱֮
ÿһϣܸܵ
ȻԼδսȫܸоֱը
ɿ飬ҪǺúдһ¡ַҲǺڴԼߵܴ֮ͬһЩջһЩͲˡ
G
أþûˡ
ֹ࣬Ԫûκǿߡ
һˣߣǿȥ
·ϣַĵܶۺĿ⡣
ǿԵúǿģǵ˵ҲܻϢַҢ˳ЦҸоԼϡˡ
Ң˳Ϊսһʢ£Ҷۿ
ðɡַЦ

ֵģԶӶࡣ
ַܿһƬ޴Ŀյ֮ϣ޿ŵĻҡҷԣбŨаܼͬѡ
յص룬һ͹Բʯ̨ʯ̨Χƹ
ʱΧѾۼ˲ǿߣԼ֮ǰӦǡǿ߾Ӷ࣬ǿߴ֮ǿǿ߸ࡣ
ַ֣ܺ档
أԼҪμӵĿȤŨһЩʲôĿôǿ߹ۿ
ֻһͳأΪܾûμӿ飬Ե֣
ȫԸַͷ



1741 ֻ1ꣿ
߳ϡҢ˳߹
ַҲ΢΢ףǰʵɲ⣬ٲȻǿߣȻɫλƣ΢룬Ŀ´һ¶΢΢֮ɫ
ô߳ϣʲôôҢ˳ʵ
ַԼҲǲ⡣
ԼʲôôΪʲô߳ɫ仯֮
Сһˣ߳΢۾һĸղȻģʱүү㣬¶ȻЦݡ

ַҲһ
û뵽ǿߣһԼ
սʢ£ǿߣǷˡҢ˳ַ˵Ҫμӿ飬ȾҪͨս
սʲôַ岻⡣
Ң˳սһȻսսʽʢѾãûƽ֣ûд裬ֻս
Һˣַ
ǿԼлᣬǿߣԼûӮ
Ң˳߳䣬ԼԪΪλ1Ԫ1꣬10Ԫ10꣬սĹ˫10ꡣ
߳ϺЦûСһӦû10ɣ
10꣡
߳ϴһҢ˳޲һ㶡
ô᣿
ַͷĻӦá1ꡣַﲻݣֱҢ˳˲Ȼ
ûɣ
1ʵ
ܣҢѿڶ
ʲôЦҢƵɴ۾
ʥصľӢᣬ10ڳΪǿߵҲǷëǣ˵ֻ1꣬Ǳδȫھ
߳϶ǾһҲǵһμַġ
1꣬ʵ
Ǳޣ
⡭Ң˳üͷ壬߳ϣƺѯ߳Ϲַʵԡ߳΢ͫٲȻĬϡ
սô죬߳ϣҢ˳
ճ߳ϵȻؾǹأҪԵ·ˣǰǲҲѹʵֻǱ۸ûʲôͬ
ߵĶԻַԼһЩ
սΪѡģ10꣬ôԼ䣬ҵĶ11ڵģεˣƺûܺԼһġ
֮ǰԼһǿߣսַס
ʣ൱ͻԶԴȺ֮ϣΪֽսѹǿߴ򲻹
ԼӦǸ⡣
Ң˳߳ɫ֪жΪѣϾԼǴģսڱУԼɿǰʸԡ
Ҫǣսһ䡣
£ĸɱԼȥҢ˳ɫѿ
쿪ʼ߳
ǡҢ˳䲻Ըӵ

ս̨ħǿ߾ۼɢȻϢǺǿΪҲŲǡǿߡ
һĵشģĺǿߣ츳൱
ٸս˳ˣ
ĽǰԾսˣ֪˭ᱻѡϣ
Ң᣿ҢһǲǻôۣûۻɣҢҲˣ갡ô£սôС
һʯǧˡ
ٸս˵ĳ֣ʱȻ󲨡
ۼĺܿ췢֣Ҳ11꣬Сֻ1꣬ʵθǲ༫󣬴ӶǵǶУǺǾӶࡣ
Ͼεˣƽʵֻǡ
ԣսֻ1ꣿϴ˺ܿóȻѣһܴʵʵߣ˵Ҳмʮꡣ
ֻ1ꣿ
Цɣ
ײģ11£ֻǸһǿߣ಻ǡ
ûǿս̫˰ɡ
ʵҲģǿ߽սżҲСӼĴ֣ΪܿЩһĶǰ˭һ־壬ƴ
һǿ߼սɣ˵Ңء
ŶҢҲأĽ˼ͳΪǿߣʮڶܳΪǿߣܿսļ¼ټΪǿߣ
ҪܿҢսͺˡ
ˣɵģȻôʵǿҢأ
˵ôսĿĲд裬档

УַҢ˳˵ͬս̨ĳֶʱһƬͱɵ
˲䣬һǿȴסˡ
ۼһ۾Ϳβμսʵף²һǣǿߣǻʵġ
ǿߣ
ôǿˡ



1742 Ե·ħ
ҲѹǿȻ
֮ǰҢ˳߱ͬı飬1ʵֱš֤߳ģԲм١
СһսĹӦ֪˰ɡ߳Цݣʵ
ַͷ
ǰһٸǿѡһ
ò˵廹ǱȽϹƽģ˵Ե·ˣûռκαˡ֮ǰÿһսˣֻǡԼ֮ǰսˣûκơ
̫ƽ˰ɡ
ǰôǿѡأ
̫Կˡ
ǿ߲Թ
˭ҲԼ˱һ־Լ硣𣬳ֲڶʱһƬҡ
߳ϳصһɽѹ£ʱ˰
λȨص߳ϣûһ˵Ρ
ʵû˵ַٿؿڣ߳ϣѡ֣̫Կˡַ嵭ȻһЦǳ˵Ե·ˣҲϣԼԵ·ħ
Ŀɨȥַ·ǿߣɣѡһҵĶ֣Σ
~~~
һԵķ䶯
Ң˳޲һ߳Ҳһַ塣ʱս̨·һƬ䶯ǿ߶ַ޲Ŀ࿴
һˣ
˵ĺãߣҪܴӮǷ㣡
ǿ߾͸úǿ߶Ծ

߳϶ַ˵㿼ˣս̨ϵд衣Ŀɨˣ߳ϵӦǻѡ˭ˡ
ַЦЦ
ԼֹܲµԼѡһǿĶ֡
ʮҢӡ
츳ĳš
ʵҲԼҪѡĶ֡
ѡһ⣬ԼĶ֣һ൱ĶȤսԼ˵һͻƺĿܡ
ԼѡʱɱҢӣŭ
ѡͲͬˡ
ԼԾһսҪ
ƾУ൱ĶսԼģ˵ԼʤҢһսŸȤ
ԭԼһĶд衣
ʺϡ
ԣɡַ
߳עַһۣҲδȰ裬ֻǵͷá

Ңӣӣ
ϣҢȻƣ֧߲١ӰٸսսпҢԼҲЩȻȴû뵽ᱻС
һսѡĶʵĶ֣׹أÿʸ񣬱ʵ
ƫƫС
ںڻüҢߵַǰɫļ¶ǿἡ߱ɫսӦѡһʵĶ֡
ַһЦ
ҢӵʵϣıԿǽֻĸԼ顣
лַҲڡ
Ң˫ȻһݣŵͷҲٶԣתصս̨Ľսλã׼սǰ
˵˵ˣʣµľȫԸ
ȻоԼǿֱϾǿߣ˭Ҳ֪ЩʲôƣʲôܣԵȫΪ
Ϊжս£ҢӼĶˡ
ϣԼҲΪ֮һ
ˣҢ˳ַ߽壬ѹʵܸӣȲֱַŰɱˣҪַҢӣĲ
ַһЦô
Ң˳һ죬֧֧Ҳ֪˵ʲôá
ַ֪飬ֻǵȻһЦļ򣺡Ƿһ顣԰գǾս׼Ңӵս
Ң˳̾һ
Ƿһսô顣
úðɡҢ˳Ĭ漴תͷ뿪սַ̨ӮùҢӡ
Ľ
츳׵ǿߡ
ȻͬǿߣʵԺܴҢǿеȣѾ˲ˣҪ֪ʮ꣡
ɱӣ
ҪӮĸɾ䰡Ңӣ
ǵĽĲսǿģ
̨£кܶҢӵӵڡ
Ȼһǿ̨˶ΪͣҢӵȻҪߣһ˷ܵӣĺУȫȼ
ͨǿ⡮Ӫսδսһ֡
ַ岢ںս֣˸ŵ֮ԪۣսԶֱǰҢӡ
СһԵǲΣ塣߳һԿ
֪ʵΣ
ҹԴֻǡգ߳϶ַʮֺ棬飬һ˫ͫĹȻͨ
̲⡣



1743 ս
սμӿʸս
Ԫǿս֮УоʮŸǿͨսÿʸ񣬸ʮ֮͡
ַ֪ʮŸǿʵǵС
ô͵ļͨսÿһӦöԴ޵ĶǿߣˣɿҲɹ˸һɵļʶ
˵ʲô
飬սѣ
սʤˣͨսһڿ֮СַԼʵʮŸǿȣԼûκơ
տ飬ΪԼѶȡ
һ㣬Լ֮ǰʹҢ˳лòѶϢʮŸǿߣɿͬһ򡪡
ʥء
ǾʮŸǿߣƽʵϡ
֮ԼֻгΪǿߣ㹻ʵȥƴտ飬Լֻǿߡ
ܷͻƣͿһսˡ
ȻһͻƵǵĿ΢΢ʵһһ㡣ս֮УƾеսܼǱ
׼ˣ߳ĿɨҢӺַ塣
˾Ӧ
£˺Хĺ·Ҫս̨˷ޱȣڴſҢɱߣ֮ǰεսһ
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ǿ߲ǿıһ˫ȭ
ŷ
֮
Уħ֮ͨһ
䣡Ңӵȭǿڰ֮͵غƬռ䶼һƬŤſռ֮ͺڰ֮Լ
֮
ศɣȴҲںϵĲ뷢ӳһһһһַеѹ
ʵʵʵ
Ңӣ˵
䣡
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
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ȻҲᡮԵ·ˡŪսͿˡ
ĴͳΪţֻоǿߣܳΪǿߡ
ʤܣַǵõͬ
䣡ַսⱬΪҢӵĹǿԼһֱâȴᣬԼ²ģҢӹǿսԱ
Ķ֣ͬĶ֣ƾĹѹ
ԣҢӲóΪûôõõ
ο屾ھ̲ħѪҺԹأڹѹƶ֣Ңӵ˲䱬Ȼ£֮ΪΪѳ־á
࣬ʹ򣡡ҢҲǽĿµսֹ¹Լغ
ܰܣ
ǰķȴܼɳûа߾ȫȻصܲ͸磬ˮ©
ɶ񣡡ҢԽԽ
ַķһһġ
Թǿƫģǿ͵弰ָڵѪɫУ쐻Դʯ۷ȴǿϵȵġ
ֻ֮Ƕʵַ룬Ϊķ
ʵɱ󣬷ǿ
ӵս黹ǲ㡣߳һ۱ʵȻҢӸʤһǰԸáս
ԾƶҢ¶㡣
ʧȥҢӲֹȼķ¶šΧ˻߾ȫΪҢӴ
սģʼǽս˫ʵ
ӻ䡣߳а̾ȻҢӵ˵ǸʧҲΪҢƻȺĹء
սȻ߳ϲ²ķչȥ
ҢսܣϵַȻռϷ磬ܿƣദ˵ҢʵȷָԶַ塣
ַĹŹʥ֮ǺڰĿǡ
䣡䣡䣡
ַþԵʵ֤ԼӪֻҪ㹻ʵЩҪʵȫ죡
Եɵһƾڰ
Ң˻Ҫ翹ȴԵĵӲҢӺս̨£ը䡣
Ŀɿڴѻȸ



1744 Ƿ㣡
Ңӣˣ
ս֮Уܸһꣿ
Էᣡ
ôܣ
Ľһ츳ǿô
һʺţÿһսϣǰһУǵĽҢӾȻܣҰܵ˳ס
ͨд軹á
ս
սܵһ뵽⣬ɫʱɷףԵЩ١ȻҢˣǻǲȺŵ
ڴʱ
߳ϣѻȥˣӮ˰ɣַ߳ϡ
߳΢΢һ£˵սأֻһ
ַȻʧЦǵĹأûءд轲ǵ㵽ֹǳ˵ġԵ·ˡ
ȻӮˣνٻϽͣ԰ɣ
ַĿɨˣ΢Цͷ
ԼǸ̨߳£ͬʱҲ׬㡮ôȻôڲ֪ԼɱҢӣòôֹ𹫷ߡ
ҢƼģԼʼס
ڵӪУܲ¾¡
⡭ֹ߳
ʱ´һƬǿ߷׷׹ƽкá
˵ĺã
СӣǷ㣡
÷ǣǣǿ߷緶
ǿԲϣҢӾôԩرɱϾδ֮ǣַΪʱ۷һˣַҢӲֹûǸеκβˬ
岻ѡ
Щջεģ¿ûá
Ǻ~~߳Ϸ볤ЦͷַͫŰ֮⣺ȻСִֵⰴϰҲǿһս
սߣʤ
ϸֳЦݡ
͹ַ֧壬Ƕⳡս⣬ַ֮͡Уַջ˲˵ġ
˵Ե·ħ

սˡ
ַ˵ʵֻǸտʼΪջÿʸ񣬼ʥؽܿ飬޹أֻȡʵ
ȥδس
һԪʮŸǿ߽룬ջģֻа˸
һɼʣ
µģʮŸǿߣƽʵΪǼ
ǿ߶䣿ַ循̾
ԣҲֹһҢ˳ͷѹʵЩұӦø㣬ڿһжǱܵģǼ֮¡
ġַӦ
Ң˳֮ǰǷԼһ飬ʶ顣ħ壬ŲѪҺԸ񲢲Ѫħ顣
İ˸ǿߣʵжǿַʵ
֪ǣǻһǣǿߣûǡҢ˳ַ֪ʲô
ַ֮һݡ
֮ǿҪͨ飬΢΢ֻһЩοʮŸǿжǿ߻Ǹδ֪ܵ϶
£Ϊ
ʲô鲢ַʵ
ֻ߳ϲ֪ɡҢ˳ҵĽ飬Сֵ岻Ϊסһʱ䣬ʵ
ϾͨսҷŹҢӣ߳ôһ顣
ȵʵǼٽʥأջһЩ
ַͷ
ò˵Ǹеİ취
һῼǵģлַҢ˳л
ϣͨ顣Ң˳¶һĨЦݣؿڣʱһһþء
һΪַЦ

䶯
ַҢӣѳΪŻ⣬1ʵҽһ࣬Ϊǿֵ߽
ңս
Ԫһٸͨսÿʸǿߣ
ַᣬҲСһ
˵ͨô
Цˣǿͨʶɣֻǿߣ
ҲϵĿܰɡĵغûɱҢӣʵгϻһ棬һȡ
԰ʱնɴԴȺһԱɣȻҲǿ
ߣȺʲôǰҲȺ֮һ

̸ַֹûһճճĵȴֱһ߳ϵַ֪Լʱܿ飬ʥء
׼ô߳Цʵ
ˡַӦ
߳΢΢һ˫ۣͫСһս֮оʲôʣ費ҪϢһ󣿡
ַȻʧЦ
Ң˳̸ԼԼûã߳ϵˡ
ã״̬ܺáַܵ
߳һͷҲٶȰȻˣɡ
šַϡ



1745 ʥ
ʥأΪ򶥼ڡ
ƬĵشУϵĵλֻͨհʸûСΪĹأֻǿ߲ʸ롣
˼ǣʥڲԼ˽룬˽롣
߳ϣĵشַбк档
ôţҲӦĸȺһõĶ䣬Ⲣ˽ǡб𡯡
˽ԼҵʥأҪôȺ⣬Ҫô
ͼ
ַûʣҲ֪ʲһ𰸣ЩԼʥغѰҴ𰸡
֮ûҢ˳ķһ󣬶ѡֱӽ룬һԼв࣬Ңһսջ񣬵ֻƿϵջ񣬲
һ棬Լʱ䲻ࡣ
ΪǿߣҲһʥرס
Ȼһδֱ֪ӴһʥлʲôĿʲô
~~ӴʥسֳɫĹâַ֣˫ڸսʱԼԼӦʥص൱ͻ
½ĸӦȻ
ʥأ
ɿʮ˶Ⱥ壬ǿߵʥأ׻ʲôַܺ棬Ҳڴ֪ܲʲô
Ǹǻǻ㲻
¼ȻԼûơ
ʥصĿֻһַ߳壬ڵų
ַ㶡
δϸϸƷζٿһᣬǰƺʲôݱ򿪣ȻһޱӴϢ٣Լǰһɳ۶
˲Ϣ䣬һƬµء
ʥأ
ַ֮һ𣬺ĿѸɨȴһ㶡ߵĻȫͬһƬɭ̹ǣɫƯռëȻ
ʥأ
͹ࡣַԺеһͷ뷨ߵɾԴһ㣬ۼʥȴ⸱ӣЦԷǡ
෴ɡ
ַΨô롣
ϢɢȥӦϢ˲ÿһаǺڰ޾Ԩĵ
һУޱȵа񡢿£ǿֲ
û뵽ʥػӡ
ѹ֣ȥųȥ
Ŀʲô
ַʣԲ֪ĿģΨһ֪ƬʥؾԲ򵥣аͱŨʮҪ֪аشŨʮֹ
֪Ƭʥ̲صажྪˡ
ӦַܿҲżСĵ̽ΧһԼеϤƺʲôطӦ
ڰ
޾ĺڰ
ûûûһУ˺ڰǺڰܲаͺһͷͷ׼аޣҪȫɡ
ȻͬĻƺʾʲôʲô
ˣַ̽һٿ
Լйĸо
·֮УаԴͷڵӦıӴȻаȡ֮Ƶ󣬵ʱԼд̡
һģһ
ԣаĺģַ˲ʱȻ֮󶯣аʥش·ڣӵа
аԴͷڣ
ѹ֣ﲻֹ֮һڡַͷ
ħֹ֮֮°빦Чʮٱַֹ̾ЩüĿ
ԼΪʲô
˹֮֮ͬóǰħַ֮˫Լħ֮൱ɫ֮һָаڰħ
Լʮ򱶵ʱ󣬲ЧͬǼѵķ󷨡
ʱԽʱԽ󣬷Խǿ
ʱȫ˭
ʱұ֮ܽȫͰħַ֮˸
ĸ򣬲Σ֮衣
ͬʩչ֮Ҳ°빦ԼսʽǶ䣬ҪǣԼҪ̫ʱ䣬ա
ں֮ľ飬ں֮Ҳ̫ӡ
ַﰵ֮ȹ֮Ҫ
ʩչǿָҲ졣
֮ǰʮŸǿߣʵûƣܿаַͷԼǿߣԼƻں֮
ôԼսܽӽǿߣ
ǿߵż
£
ԼġǱʵҪŹֵʥųȥʵ޿ȡɻȱġ
ôַ˾



1746 û
ʮʱ
ַھɽлõȻۣȲϱ`괫Уȴʺµ
ʮ򱶺һ򱶣޴
~~ַѸٳ֮Уȫע²̫̫֮ɣֱǷԾ
ѹǿڶࡣ
ַʱס
屾֮ʾͲףʥУ벻ǿѡ
ˣаôŨ߰ͽħ᲻аʵ߰ͽħʵַҲ
ħ䱻ӡʵ۷ʱڵսȴǲףַ֮ǰѾ֪
߰Ƕǿߣħǿǿߡ
ܽ⣬ܰҲ١ַĵǽħһǿߵĻħǿߣԼ鷳
ԣ
ַܿ콫ħͷŶʥ֮У߰ͽħ޲¶֮ɫǾ֮ͨҲΪŨµа𾪲ѡ
ħԣһٶʮֵ֮ء
ôַĿħʵ;֮߰Ҫǿ
Ҫ忪ӡֻ²Сħ
ַҡҡͷ
ȻµܣӽħеЩʧ
£ԼҪǡ
ܡħ˶٣˵
ʲô˼ַ岻⡣
ħͫﰵ֮ԪôԾԵضձͣµİϵعʵȡ㹻ĹʵҺ߰ܿƾİ֮Ӳ忪ӡ
ˡַ
Լʥأʵãֲ嶫
ʱԴӳ顣
Ĺʵһšַ岢ԸıԭļƻΪعʵԼΣ֮С
ֻҪԼʵ㹻ǿʥĹʵôҵժãǳ¡
Ҫż
ȿʼַ˷򣬺ܿ쿪ʼ
ʵҪ

ǳɣ
ϵļ򵥣һʱ䶼ûַ׵ؽ֮ͬʱ˵һ׶εںϡ
ڶֵ֮ںϱڶ׶Ρ
͹֮ƽ
ڰ֮裬Ѳѷɫַ֮˫֮ٲǰԵռȫ밵֮ƽ沼ںɫеȶ£γ̫ĸо
Σ
⡢֮裬Ǵﵽƿ
ټȥ֮ĵ׶ںϣԲĿԼûڶ׶ںѱȵ죬˵׶Ρ
ʥأҲɡ
ߣԼʱҲ
뿪
Щ̫磬ʵ󡣡ַۣ˼ս¶ɣգǺڪzϻ굶
սһߵǹ֮һǰ֮
ַԲʩչ֮ۿۣͬԺڪzϻ굶ʩչ֮Ҳѷɫࡣ
Ӧܴȡƺڡǿĵַźڪzϻ굶ȷ
ҢӵһսԼ򵽺ܶɣεԼ辳һ㣻Ƭа˵ʥ밵֮ĸԼµС
£ʱµĵ

򣬳ϻᡣ
ߣ˵εǱ
Ǹַ1궼ô㲻ῴɣ
Ӷܻܣȷƾʵ
һĳ˵ʮһεĳᣬÿи񶼲ͬ߳ϸıս
ʥأɴԼܵġ
⺢ӲֹǱƷеȸ涼ϳˡ̸ַ壬߳ϷЦʮ⡣
ֻϧǿߡҡͷ
ûһǿܻŴʥس˳ϵ
ߣӦ⺢Ӽֱʵʱٽ룬̣һôĳüϧ
߳ҡͷ涨ģΪϣҲΥ
ġĳϲͬ⣺Ԫֻа˸ǿ߻ų̫СˣǲþˣʵԼ
ˣģϻҪ˵ϳֱӴϣû޹زɷԲµģô˵ͱ䡣
ǣ硣ĳϸס
ģʼնǵģʼסһֱδĴ̧ͷɫȻܻųȻǺãʥأҲǿ󡣡
ͳʣйơ
ϣϵƸǿ£ڶǿ
Ǵ˵еİǿߡ
ɣûϵһ䣬ٴα۾Եһų



1747 Բ
µĵ
򣬾磬ȱһɡ
磬ͬйϵ
ʵϣξܶණǡꡯľ磬һͨôҲ޷ģܻǳĵ
㹻ǿΣζ㹻ߵޣֹ
80%85%90%
ַĵ磬µĵں˰֮裬ǰħ֮ĸ򣬸辳ͻͽ
䣬ѳ֮һ

ʥصа̫ˡ
ħַĵ֮ǰȻͬҢӵɣħ֮ӣ밵ħ֮ںϡ
֣֪乥
ʶԼܽĻԭתΪԱ仯
׵ʥģ֮Ϊʥصɡַкڪzϻ굶ԺɫâѪ˫ħаХ
һ80%辳磬
ڶ85%辳磬ʮ
90%辳磬ʮ
ڵֻˡַԼĵϸһղ鲻㣬ħ֮Բǿ
ܵӶʮΪʥа
ȻԼĿǰļӦǵڶ
ɹ൱ַȻһڪzϻ굶ȫİħǿ󣬱֮ԭյֹ
ֻһѳԽʥ֮ǰ
ʵҢӿԼжס
ҵսֹӽǣӦѾﵽżַȻ뿪ʥԼȻǿߣʥԼʵǵȼ
ԼһʵʥԱ
ųַԲ׿壬ⲢǰС
뿪ʮʱַ忪ʼ̽

˳ŸӦַΧȦϤʥصĻаǿ֣ƬʥӦһ޴ԲΣһԲƣγȦȦ
ܼаȻٲа޺а
ңʵҪǿĶࡣ
䣡ַʩչʥصѸնɱͷ弫µаޣÿһͷʵδչǱǰԼǱӡ
ڣԼӮˡ
ɸɴ࣬Ӯˡ
ͷսӽҢӵаޣԼӮ¡
ģʮʱĿޣε֮ʥصĴ죬Լǻʵǿߣ
ֻΪʥصаǾǣ
ѹִûǿɿ飬ųַףиǿ߱ˣԼϵֻаޣ϶иǿа޴ڡ
һȺаΧʱǿ߶δܶ˵ǿߡ
ɿҪܶණǻۡжϡȵȣۺϷĿһǻɻȱ
Ǿʵ
ڵʵаһսַ֪а޵֮ͣǰаҲָ͵аޡ
һͷ£µһȺ
һȺа޳ʱԼ͵ˣһĻԼԺģΡ
Լʥغ󣬳
żַȦһ̽黷ӦʥأһɱааѰҰϵعʵ
ħ˵ﰵϵعʵ൱֮ࡣ
ֻһȦռҲ൱ףʮ죬ջʮ֮࣬ƿħķӡúԶ
ַ彥ռϵعʵ
ֻҪ㹻Ĺʵܴ򿪽ħķӡʱԼջһɿǿİ֡
£Ҫ

ࡣһַ̽ԼһҲʳŰϵعʵΪջܶͬһعʵԽЧԽԲ˷ڽħϡ
ϾعʵҲ൱ġ
һſűعʵں޾аͺڰһᱻʵеаԴΪаޡ
ʶħÿһεնע⣬൱Сġ
ַȴȫȻˣһŽһŵʳȫаһ£ֱĽħĿɿڴ֪˵ʲôá
ҵİħ֮ˣַ־ϲ
ŰϵعʵϷ£Լİħ֮ƺһµĲΣµ̨ףоֻϿһСȴѾǲһա
ǴԲ
ǽڴԲͼ֮ĲΣԲַһŨаգٱ֮ԡ
̤ԲΪԲͺܽӽˡ
û뵽ַԼҲǸ̾ѡ
޹֮Ȼ֮ĸ򣬵û뵽̤롮Բģǰħ֮
޳



1748 а
аأ
ַܼаУԼЩĿʲôˣԼרעǰͨа˵
һ˲֮䣬ǰаǾӣ𹥻
˷֮һ㣬һʮ첲ľˣַ巢𹥻֦ƣȻʽȽϵһȴס
а
ƬаûаааڹʽĲͬȻǿַ岢ӲƴȡɶС
ڵʵҪӲаǿԣѽаɱ
аеа̫ࡣ
ȡͨаȫеģϾаа֮п϶ÿһаиΧһɽݶһаͬǡ
һƬһֻһа
һ֣һá
Щͬ͵аܡദҲУϾͬĲ࣬аصġ·Ҳֹһ
ַ˳аĹܶС
йξ飬ܿɣʵԱû⣬Ȼܴа֮Уޱȡ
ЩĸߴóǿߣѴԽа󣬵ַ岻ͬ
һβΣβΡ
һδε飬ѰаĹɣȻϸϸĥƶƻаϾֻаŵܶ࣬ȱҲ٣޷ƶ谭
̶̲ʮ죬ַܴаؽһ롣
˵ѾаǻޣһЧڶͬЧҲû⣬ı䷽Ը㡣
ΪаֻԭʼܵĹ
ʮַͨаأ¶һĨЦݡȻû٣Ŀƣ˲ٶ
аеаǿĩ˵ǼãֱὭһ
ֻҪҵȻܹء
ϾԼҪЩаȫɱ
һ㲢ѡַͷаأǰһ͸ο飬·ƺǽݣͨһ㡣
Ȼ¥
һһ㡣
ַᴥο飬ǿ״͸ġ
֤Լ֮ǰжϣ·һиǿѹصȴԼһƬԼڵġĩˡڴаҪŨܳɡ
һԲ˵
ԽԽӽԴͷаԽŨ
ȡ˶ٹءַףνĿȫģȡȡɣȫʵδ֪һΣա
ʵǻ͸
պãаڴŨɣ°빦
ַԼĿǡ
һ㣬аȻŨ֪ûʱ䣬ûеط֪᲻аôƣһ̤һ㣬̫δ֪Ͳȷ
ǰɿصķΧ
ңһβ˺ͶǰֻһݣаŨ̶ʵҲʲô

ʮʱ֮
ַԸħ֮Ϊڰ֮Ҹһߣһ߼ĥոǿս
һ֣һ֡
ʱ֮ڣһԪһԪʱż졣
ַ壬Ȳʵ
Ͼħ֮Ҫ̤Բѣǿһ޷ԲԼģ·һͣ벼ºţǹؼ
ԼǷȱģǿĹ
зؼħԼ߶ᣬͨÿǵ
ǿĵ;硣
֮ء
ʥصĵ
Ҫ95%裬۰ħַרʱĹؼĺԡ
ֻҪ㹻һжˮɡ
䣡ַͫɽӡ
кڪzϻ굶˹Աǿз·һͷħһУԵף辳95%һоš
ĵ
а˺ܴæַ۾˿͸аȫӣ֮Ƹаı⼫ǿĵĵ
Լ԰ħ֮򣬽Բ̤Ҳйؼ
粻Զ޷Ϊʹޡ
δʵһ
ʱУԪŶǵƿڵĵַ֮Ŵ嵶ﵽ100%ʼջһ㡣
ڰħ֮ӽԲԲ·ͺܳ
Ҫ㹻ĻԵɲǸһЩڱչؿǺѴﵽġ
ˡַ뿪ʱĿǰ͸οͽݣĪֻҪԼ̤һ㽫һ㣬µðա
ԼܻնԵͻʵ
ַ΢΢һЦת
ʱ˵ôáַԼ뷨ͼƻ
һߵģһ㡣



1749 ػ߰
عһ㣡
ַаزʺԼġ
·ҪһߣֱһԼûаôڶԵĻҪԡ
Ǿʵ
ϸһаأʵһƬأܴı֮ء֮аȻЩа޹ʵн֮һаС
Щаֻڹʵ٣ÿһֻҪһŵعʵ㹻׬
Ҫ֪а
ܻȡ㹻عʵܽħǿս֣һܽ壬Ѫڰ֮ھǱȵȡַ尵ȸԾ
ôʤ
عʵǿЩаҵõٶĿվˣ¾ͷԼǰֿɵãȻ˷ѡ
ңʳЩعʵǿԼʵ
ڵڶĿУԼţˮǿ׳

ʥصĵַ˶ԺаıǮ֮ǰԼ֮δѡһ·նѡȡɵķʽΪʵ
ԼʵԲԻɱа
ɱһã̫ãֻ˷ʱ䡣
ڣȻͬ
䣡һҲַնɱһаջŰϵعʵÿһŶžİϵаʥߵعʵҪǿöࡣ
һţӵĪЧ
ࡣַԼţ˽ħһţӿİ֮ڱ֮ƼʵԴǽøǿ
һսɡ
ϾǵһΣȱ飬ʮβųɹ
ʵԸаܺԺģΪ㲻ܺӮַܽ飬ɱаսȫ¡
Ҫɱðգ
аɲ㡣кܴΣգʵɱааԴԴϵĹ˲ӱ
ʱܡ
аΣգ
ÿνսΣԺܴ󡣡ַӮĲһԼÿһаǼ𣬸
һΣľԼˡ
Ǻܺõĥ֮ءַսܣԼ֮ǰͶӳ˵ģһȺʵǺܿĵһ¡
򲻹ӣҲ׷㡣
ȵ㹻ʱٽɱа
ô򵥡
ңÿһλɱа󶼻նٰϵعʵǿԼʵȻÿһֻһ㣬ۻҲ൱ɹۡ
սս
ַ屣ȶٶȣŵһйʵаնԽԽࡣ
һ֮ۻعʵѽԭʵɡ
ɣ
ˡַͣĥĵϵսսս۷״̬
һͣ޷սʤаΪ

ħ
ɫľ޴ӰʱŭţͺͺԴûκͷȴһӿݵѺۣ񡮴֣ʱ¶߱
һ˫˫ۣѪɫľ͹ҧĿֱ죬Ť
ʹı飬ľ޴Ѫ졣
ˡֱַŽħ
Լܸо˿̵ʹ࣬Ҳоõǿӡڰϵعʵǿĳ£ѿʼɶ
عʵ´ࡣΪˣַӳʱ䣬ȡһЩϵعʵ
£ֻħԼ־;ġ
ֻһΡ
ʧˣ֤־ǿԼҲٰħ޷⿪ӡԼٸ֣ǽѩ̿
ҪԼ
ħĻᣬֻһΡ
ԼҲõôֵƵعʵ޷忪ӡһ֮Żʲôã
¶ħУѪ״
УֳһѪۣɭɲİϵѪۣͺƱŨҵĻ޹չһڻ֮Ԫȼա
ħһΪǴԲ
¡
Ѫַ֮˫
ӡǿԼŽħߵ־൱֮ǿڲ϶УøǱڵѪ
Ե
ħʵУ־ǿһҲǴԲ¾㱸ֻѪñȽ
ʳİϵعʵ㹻ĻԴٱӡȳǿ־Ƽɵ
⿪ӡ
ԶԶַֹЦŽħоϵǿܿѳ˷ӡ⿪ӡˮɡ
ҪǡѪļʵɱ䣡
ĽħٲǿߣǳȻڡ
һջĲֹһַ֡⡣
һػߣ



1750 ҪˣҪʬ
ħ⿪ӡ
ǿ˫
⿪ӡ󣬽ħֱӱԭ״ַ̬ԲߴΪѪҪʱȹ̣
һ׶ΣҪ
ԼҲϣħʵɱĸǿܸõİԼ
ܿ죬ַҲ״̬ϾҪȴʱ䣬ûɵšһһ߼ءַавԼ
һı֮ء
ͬǼѵء
ʥص嵶
裬100%硣
ħ֮
ַȷķ򣬲Ͻ
ʱţתаѴ͸룬ĺ൱֮Ϊǿһδεսɱȥģһȡɵͨ
ʱ䣬˳߰ķӡ
ֻʵ߰ӡҪ࣬ҪİϵعʵҲٺܶࡣò˵־ҲûнħĻԵȻ⿪ӡδѪ
л
߰ȽħҪᣬʳ˲ٰϵعʵʵҲǶò˶ʱ䣬ͻΪǿߣֻǡ
µԼ
ħͲͬˡ
䣡һ죬һУһԲĽħϱɱѪһѷӳ¡
һǿаԶԶѱճɻҽ֮ûС
~~
ϵعʵ£ַЦҡҡͷ
Ҳ̫ˡ
ԼҪѾţܻ֮ܵаڽħǰһʵǵ֮ȫһΡ
Լջһʵĳ֡
ڶֻʮ˶Ⱥƫģǿֻǿߡַ岻һЦںڶƹܴȨͳڶһǿߵʵǿߡ
ԼҲһ
˶£ûħַ̬Ѹı䣬ƺɼֹΪַİַʵҲ
Ѿݣֱ
ȫַʵͷַֻ֪ǿǿöࡣ
ħǿߣַ֮ʶħѡ񳼷ַ塣
ţһȷѡ
ÿҴӦġַ嵱߰ͽħӦǣԼܼǣԲԶš
£ŵǶ֡

򣬴ʱ˸׳졣
ƬδھǱԬھȻԬͬһںڶ徫ӢǿжѸݿ٣β
ɶ񣡡Ԭϡ
ֹԬĿһںڶǿ߶ûطȵǣ󱻼ǿβʧ١
ף߶٣ԬĿɫѿ
ǲࡣԬҧ
Ҫ֪Ǳȼ˲٣Ҳ࣬ռݾơżǵ뼲䣬౦ǰƫƫһ
һ٣ٶ
Ԭŭɶûа취
ȥＫ㶥ܵ𣬰ڶ嶼ﲻ𣬼ûɱѾ˼ң
̫ˣԼԬĿ߷߲ƽɰѱҲǣôҲһ˰
ԬЦŲ㵱һˣҡǻ֪ء
ԬĿˣ
ԬҲҵĳ֮أ֮ǰѾ̽߰˰ˣԼһ˾ɱǺͼһɰ롣
ԬĿɱҪǡ
Ԭҵ˵ܾܿΪˡ
ԬĿ͵ôܲˡ
Ԭͷûһѳ˴ָҲڣŴһҪҵ
ҪˣҪʬ

ɽڡ
`ǶţҲΪ֮ˣݷɽˣܹһ١
֣֮Բٳȥ
ûַڣ򶼾ٲά裬˵ߡޡŰԶֵܵ
鷳ˡε֮Ӳˡ
֪ôˡ`ǵ
ӵ˻֮δް
`ף
Ҫ鷳ˣڶͼûһǣȫǿߣĸһġ
õİ취ǵȣȵǶˣٳȥ
`С΢򣺡ûôߡ
Ͼδıأڸ׳ڶôҲߡ
ңǽʱܻܿᷢ־ɽƣʱǾ鷳ˡ`С԰ס
̾һҲû취
߲ããΪѡ



1751 ˫Թ
ַԭʵǿаҲѡ
Ǵֽħ绢䶼ѣһ·ݿƽսջ񲢲󣬵ϵعʵȴջ٣ȫʳʵɡ
һ㣬ջ޴
ҵʵ뿪ʥأûаӳɣʵҲǿܹżˡַڵһ㾡ͷϢָԪ׼̤һ㡣
͸ɫο飬ֻһͨ谭
~~
ֱַӴ̤ĽݣǰʱȻʣȴһ޴Թһ˶סϷνÿһ涼ͨ淴佫λĹ½롣
ڶ͵һȻͬԶ׼Ҳܴ
ֵĽַ̽ȥٿֱȴǴ͸֮һʱתΧһƬȻֽܿΧľɫղŲ֪ͬںδ
˸λã
⡭ַ΢΢һԼǵһμôŹֵĽ漴ִԵĽһֱͬ͸δλñá
ңЩ֡
ַĿһɨ˲ʱȻνʵģǹȴһޡ
粽̤γɵĽΧһƬͬĳѱ淽λ
ʵѱ棬õͬѱ棬Ϊÿһģһû쐻޵ĸӦɢȥȴһεѹţ޷̽
Ҫ߳ƬԹôַܿס
Ȼǿһ֣͵һаһġ
Ȼ裬ҲԼһйɺͰصģֻܷ֡
żңַܿĴ̽ѰѰҷ

ȣҪֱʵνǹγɵβ쐻޷̽⣬֮Դԡ
Ϊ䣬ڹ߷һ֡
ڣĸӦдǳȷַ֮ľΪԲһ֮ң֪ߵ׾١
ֱʵӰһоͷܶࡣ
ƾ޴ԹʱС࣬ΪԭȷνǷʵһͻµĵ򣬽֮ǰԹǺȫŪң̽һ
һоͱɣмѭ
û㹻ǿĹ֮裬Ӧúַͨ尵ʵǿǿҲûãþԹ࿼ǡǻۡ
⣬ӭж⣡
ַԣûôˡ
ֻҪܷʵٵνôֻһͨԹЩأԹܴ󣬹أʼֻԹ
~~
߸ַͨǰһ
ǳˡһĨЦݣַ徶ǰС
ڣǳͨΧûκνľƵȣķμԶĹϣ⣬˽롣
Լڵڶ㣬ûкķ̫ʱ䡣
̤
ַٿͣüͷ΢΢
ֱԼԾ
ܲԾ
Թ֮Լĸо̫˳ˣǳ˳ֻƳǰٽ֮һ·˳˳ˮû⵽κο᫡
ʲôȵһɸ򵥣
ֻҪ룬Ӧܲеè壬ȻԼ֮ǰ
ৣ
ַͷ亹ңǰĹʱȴٷϣһ֮ͨţ˲ַһ⡣
ǾԲȷ·
˫Թ
ַ̤̤΢Լ١
ԣһˡԼû´ǿߵ伸ʻܸߡǧ࣬òҵڣĻô࣬ϲȥ
϶һ塣
һ̫˳ʱǲ˳Ŀʼַת뿪ƬľʵͨǷԹ֮С
Լû´ĳںܿԹУ
ң·֮С
Ϊһ㵽ڶͨݱˣӦҲƵ͸ο顣ַ巵ԹĴѰÿһƬ
ڹ߷£Ρ
Թ֮Ҫ֮·ССһ͸ο飬ҳڻѣַϸģ˴ʱ佫Թ˸׳죬Ȼûҵ
ССο飬ͺ񲻴Ƶġ
ѵжϴˣ
ǣԹʵûôӣľĳڣַͣϸ˼Ÿֿܣжš
оԼЩʲôȴ˵
ҵֱӦûľ99%ĳڡַһο϶һĵεΣӵһ£ÿһϸڡ
ٿأַ𣬳Ȼ
ˣԭַȻʧЦ



1752 ·̫
ʵ֮ʵ֮
Թ·̫ˡַ겻ѣľȳǵһ壬ԹҲڣܶ߶Լһ֮ǰжϣӶٻصľȳڣǵڶ塣
ʵĳڣһʼġá֮С
ν
ãγɹġʵνᱻ͵ԹһӶʧȥλжϡ
ٱߣԹΡ͡Ҳᷢ򡣡ַĵ
ԼҵķҲҵ˵ֱӹֱ˵ֱȥԣ취ܱѶࡣ
Ϊͻλã޷߳Թ
ԣһ㳢οͷӦöȥЩν
ȴôҲ뵽ĳڻЩν͵ġλáϡַͣٶȼ졣
δ֮ԼѾֲ嶫ˣûйϵ
ΪһΣԼȷ
һ͵λϣԹ֮һطľ·¶£޷;룬Ψһİ취ǡ
͡
ַãҲʮδͺڴ͵һɫĿռ֮УΧûνܱյСС䡣
ģһ͵һһģһ͸ο顣
͸ο飬ܿ·Ľݣֱͨ㡣
ַ¶΢Ц
һβԼ㹻ʵȥ㣬ٲûнħǴڣ֮ǰͨʵǿ߻ǿɵģֻҪ
ڡǻۡϡ
ȻϾ࣬벻ַ΢΢һЦ̤㡣

Ũаһַ֪ԼľûҪҲЧʱȶ϶ߡ
㲢һʺĵط
öаޡַꡣ
쐻޵ĸӦɢȥ緱ǵаޣһɫȫǼڵﲻǼǲܵġ
ûаޣεĹԼ
ȵһ͵ڶ㣬ġ顯ɼ򵥺ܶ࣬ҲֱӺܶࡪ
Ȼҵڡ
ô򵥡
ߡַ彫ħͷųԲȫ
˵ǶԼĿ飬˵һ֮أԼڵʵﶨն٣սͼ
а޴Ӫ
ŸָаޣÿһطУԲСıͷаΧϣսаֻԽԽࡣ
䣡ַһͷƤа޽սͷӴ󣬵ǹľ޴аȫ൱⡣
䱻аӰǣƤа޵ĹаۣսȻס
ǿַ壬Ҳֻм֮
һԣħĴߣǽƬգва޵ʬףȴѱյʬ޴档
ƬֻʣַƤаڵ
Ĺʥص嵶⾳ơַķʱ伫һţһ߹۲Ƥа޵ĹΪģ⡣
100%辳磡
ʥص嵶ԼҪԲԶܴУζԼľԲȫգԸһ硪
֮ͨ
һ磬Զƿߵϵڸ߲ε
ؼǿ죬޷϶ַϸ۲Ƥа޵ĹȷٶҲ죬Ŀ죬ǽÿһιÿһöһ
ûп϶
ĹһϸϸߣҲĵطԸ˵ĸоܿ죬쵽мܣʵҪƳĹѡ
ֻҪĹǿǿ֮
ַԲԼڰͲƤа޼Լܼ򣬹ԽøԽࡣ
ʵȻݲԼô
𣡡ù£Ƥаѳ뱩ŭѪ˫ͫȼڷѪۼױ͹ԭӴ˲ʱѹƶȻ
Ѫ
ãַ岻ǷϲȫԸƤа޹ϬԼ࣬нħػҪа޲㣬ɷġ

ַкڪzϻ굶ɶԥƤаޣԲٱĽУѪƤаޣʵ
Լٲ֣鷳ʹˡ
䣡䣡䣡
׹ػַƤаһսޱȣԼ򣬵ѪȫƤа޾ս£߶ܡ
߳
ֱַնɱͫһ
ৣʱַ֮룬߲ҪģнħڣһжᰲȻƤаһսԼ򼫶ࡣ
ʥصУ֣



1753 ɿ
100%裡
ѡ
κε100%ѣԲһַ°ħ֮ľǽԲİٷֱ95%ʣµ5%ǳѡ
0%5%򵥣95%100%̫ѡ
Ȼ100%Ȱħ֮Բһ㣬ַڵϵʤħ֮ࡣ
һֵѾʥصмɡ
ڶֵ̤100%衣
磬ﵽ
䣡ڪzϻ굶ޱȸ߿ֹ֮չȫһĺǿ
ͬԡ
ǿеĵеĵͬ
ˡַյ¶Цݡ
ʥصУɣ
˵ǿ޶ɣ˵ˮɣԼûкķ̫ʱ֮ԪԺƿߵ˵ʵǺ̵ܶʱ䡣
100%辳磬Զʤ95%硣
ֱӴ¾ʥصһУ֮ǰʥصĵǿǿʥص嵶˵
ʥаҵʵܵǶˡַ
100%Լʵһ粽ŵûʥԼѾ̤Ǽ
ַڴ
Լܽħ֮Բʵﵽһεȵز

䣡䣡䣡
Уַݿࡣ
˵һ㿼Ǽɣڶ㿼ǻۣô㿼ľʵȡɣа޵ĸӦɱ¾аܱȵġ
ǻȺӵس֣᲻ƴ۵س棬ɱ
棬ֻһ
Ǹǿ
֮ǰַ廹ҪħػѾҪˣֲԼ֮ǰ㣬Լʵ⣬ûκ㡣
аޣһǶ֡
ң
³Ⱥӵĳ֣ҲַĿռȻһͷͷؽһģ嶼׾١
ھԵʵǰֻǽ
ܴаʮͷȫնɱҪʱսַҲżһսĥϵһǰ룬Ѱһڡ

򣬳ϻᡣ
磬ˣʵ
ϺЦͷо֮ɫţѾüˡ
꣡
ڳѣ¶ϲɫ
Ϲˡ
һһǿڵֻķѲͨˡ
ǲһһǿߣַֻǿߡԣǿôͨ飬㣿
ֻҪһعʵڶʱôҲʵˡ
˵ѵĵڶ㶼ܹСһܴ
ϣϺ߳ϾڳۣҲɫο⣬ӶЦַϢȷʵϲ⡣
⣡
ԭΪһ࣬1겻ͨ飬ʵƫƫǿ˸Цǲãַƫƫһ·ƽ̹˵㡣
磬ܳɹô߳ʵ
ɿܡϴ
ϵͷ⺢ǱУʵʼǷȱһ㣬Ͼ̫С͵Ĳ㿼Ǿʵûȡɿܡ
ǵĲ㣬һҪսаޡɡ·ˡ
ĹؿУıǵڶ͵Ĳ㡣
߳ϵͷ
ȻҲϣַܹأһҪԼĹؿÿһضʵʵġԪɿļʣһɡ
ϣܳΪϣ
Ѿ̫á

ַȻڳϵΣⲢĸ߸ͽǶʵû㣬ڵַˮ
аޡ
а޵ĹңֻǻӣпãԶЩǵвֻűܹаޣаսǻۡ
䣡䣡
ַʵӲǿһ·ؽ£ѽɨ롣û뿪ʮǰҵڡ
ԽĥԽ
ַս⣬߰ޱȡ
һôаޣǼѵսһ棬ԼҲ뿴Ƿʲôè壬ڶ
ΣԼƺˡ
һ֤ʵĵطֻеĵ
ֻҪʵ㹻ǿͻΧ
~~ַ彫ɨһգƬ¹ģҲһͷаޣûκܿԣеĺڪzϻ굶ַĿͶ͸ο顣
ͨһĽݡ
¥ַͫ
ʱԼѾ¥಻٣ܹĲ㣬ԼûĻôһ㽫һ㡣
ĿôַһЦ
ٲ̤룬кڪzϻ굶ս



1754 ǰ
𣡣
޺ռ䶼𶯣ַһ̤Ĳ㣬о羪˵ϢϢĸо
쐻޵ɢֻӦһϢȴ쳣Ӵɽ
аޡַ֮ݡ
Լû´ȷʵǿһؿϢ֮ǿ˿ڽħ֮£Լ룬޺ӱ壬һ˿˷ܡ
ͷа޲뿪ͨ飿
Ӧòǡ
Լ֮ǰǿôͨģ
Ҳûʱ俼ЩϢ˲ѽ٣ַ۾΢΢һ㵣Ǿ޴Ӱɫۼףɲ޴ͷ­εǿ׳һž㤵ݡ
Լİ
ֻͷ޵ͷϸ߸һ֧޽ǣͱʣǿѪСİһ˫ɫܻͫ棬ɱ⾡¶

а޶ǰֱ̧ӹӿڰ֮һɳ۶Զ㲻С
ַܣһ˲һڰ֮ԸٶϮ
䣡
ڪzϻ굶ַӲһڰ֮ʱ͸ӿڡַѸжһݲ˷Ƿϡ
аޣǷûá
ǰԼذɡ
ַδʥص嵶100%Լ϶ͷа޵Ķ֣Լսѽӽǣһս
ڹͨʲôģ²Ҫ̫ࡣ
ս
һս±ɡ
ʥصֱַӹǰԼаޣźͷޱƵսʽصҲǼΪӽ
ֻаŨĵ¥İ֮൱֮ǿȴ֮ҪǿĶࡣ
֧ǿаڰ֮ĶǱѪԴ
ԽǿĵطԽ
䣡ַĵ񣬹ĿǶǰĶǣԼţֻҪܻĶǣһʵȥࡣ
ǰȻǳصģ̶֫˲䱬ĹȻ¡

ַӲһУɶȥ
ÿµַʾˣɿȶħ壬ͷаȴǳ˵
Ӳɣ㻻򷨣
ַԷ̲֮ˣսʤʵԼǿĵҪʲôֻ־ʤǲġ
ʮֹ㣡
а޶ڿռ䷨ĵֿƼȱӦַа޵㣬ʮֹʩչռɫнڣ˲䱬
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ռиĶǰʹŭʱһѪӳ֣ΧаԪذۼγһڰ
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ৣַͫʱ깥̶ֱڶǰﵽ֮ʱʱ깥Ϊ
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ǿĵַֿ֮һݣ깥Ϊ֮һ裬Ũаǰɱݰ㣬Ǵ롣
Сַ˲󳷣깥
аֹǰ꣬ȫռ깥ʽرóҪ˵ʤ̫ѡ
~̣~
ַⰵ֣֮Ծ޴ڰ˲ʱʩչʥصĵپ׵޴ڰ
䣡~
ǰ˵Сŭޱȡ
ȫۼ׵һ˫ɫͫ˫ṳ̆棬¡м۹
ַҲǱս⣬Ѹӭϡ

򣬳ϻᡣ
ڳϻһã۷׷ףȴǲ֪ټк⡣
ǰŸտɣ
ǰʲôҪ
϶ǵģͶˣ
һĿۣǴϺͶϣӣ˫ͫǳ
ټңΪ֮ǰμӿַ壬ѽ뵽Ĳ㡣ϿżɽֱϢ
ʱƽһףڳϾϡ
ҵ죬ǿ߽ĵؿ
1꣬ôôɵİɣ
ܴղɣܽһؿʵ֣ο1꣬ǰ;
˵ϰˣ̸ǰ;ʲôãؾиƨǰ;ǿаޣûӮġ
ĸ˵ûɵʵҪɱ̫ˡ
ϧһӡ
ڳϵۣĿϣô
ϳַʵȷǷȱһ㣬ɣͨļɣɾ󲿷֣ҵڡ
΢΢һЦ
磬ôʵ
һϵȻһЦҵߣͨļʣҿܴͨ飬ҡ
ǻͨ
㶣˵ģ磿
ԡ
Ϊʲô
ֱ



1755 ַѪ
ս
ǶַǶǰʵȻЩԿƾսȴҲ൱ҪɱѵĶǰѱȵ죬ϾʵǱߣҪ뿪
ʵ̫ѵ顣
ַڹǰ㡯ʱע⵽Ĳ㲢ֻжǰڵĲľͷһڵͨŹ
Լû´Ӧ뿪İ취
ͨ飡
ַ岢û뿪
ͷǰѪǿأֺҵİ˽ӽȡѪܼѪַСĿռв϶ŲƣŶǰޒת
;޴ȻٶȲСΧȴһ㡣
ֻΪ˷ôͨ뿪ս̫û塣
ԼҪӮ
䣡䣡
Ĺַʮֹ㣬ռ֮͵ϵļΪԿǣƶǰԵȡǣܳ濴ȥѣ
Чʵ
ǿķַа޶ǰаʵǿǰǼطһϵƬӲ
ʩǿʥصҲֻƷŭѡ
Ķǣǰúܣұǰа츳ڰֹ֮ӵǿķͬв׵Ĺ
Ҫ㣬ѡ
ǰȷаӰǣǼģ״̬µĶǰҲçײᣬɱ¾ΪӲ
츳ֲ壬ͬǡ
ܵսӦǿ壬ǰȻ޵С
û㹻ǣǰս
ǹҵĹǿַ֪µ޷ǿܶǰôߺԼܷܿܡ
ȻϽħȫͬ
ԼɱǰҲʤ֮䡣
ΪǿߣҪǿ֮ģ
䣡ǰУʵȫڰ޾аʩԺڰһ˫ӿŴԪصצ޼᲻ݣ˫̤أγһѷ졣
ַ岻ͬǰĹϸ
֮ڰ֮ͺֺ֣ǰʵӵ쾡£Ǻڰ֮רעڹ֮óʶǰѣû㡣
ַĿռ֮͵ϣĬֹ
ս츳
ַսˣһߣһ߹۲ŶǰĹаݡܵĹʽʵЩڡ츳δǿΪǿ
ৣ
ַͫһ
ǰԣԼΪʲôԣ
ۿԼ
ٿȻһâȴһսգ֮Դ֮ϣ֮Դںڪzϻ굶ϣȻ෴ͬʱַ֣˲˺һ㡣
ɫУַ쐻޵Ŀʱںɫ֮УӿĿռɫ̫ģⰵ֮֮໥γһĻ
˫ַ֣ɫȻһ䡣
ǿ
֮Դ밵֮Դ˲ԼûκοںϣȴԷγɹ֮밵֮ưϾ˿̾ͺγ֮
ʥص
ַȹͬʥصУڴ˿̱Ĺ֮ǰǿǰУӭ̩ɽѹһצ
ϣ
֮ԴУĲռǰʹŭĺַȫֱȻ飬
Լһ湥Уǰͥ
ѷɫ
ǿַԼҲǴסˣȫû뵽֮밵֮ƵĽϻЧԺиֳǵصӰͬĹ֮밵֮ƽһ֮Ӳ

ԭǿѪԶǰһιַͫĸ㣬սԣܫʩչ
ʥصϰħԹ֮ںϴʩչۿۡ
ʶʩչΨܫ
ȻܫԶʥصϾԼµﵽ100%裬ʹøǿѪһʤ֮ǰǿʥصУ

ַ屻ǰˣһιѷɫһַûа㲻飬ŨŨϲá
Լҵ
Լڣԭǿ
ҾȻڲַ֪ȻʧЦ

ַ˲䱩ȫѹƶǰֺڪzϻ굶100%ʥصðĹ϶ֱɱ
սӣʼб



1756 ˫
սԶʵĲ
սǾ򣬶ַܷһθģȴѪִպͺڪzϻ굶ԺɫΪģ֮밵֮ƻһ
µַ壬ǿ
սֱǣ
߳߳
䣡~~
غϵĽսַĹϬһĶô⣬ǿȻ෴
Խ෴ԽǾˡ

֮밵֮ĽӣγɴըַԼըˣզ࣬嶼Ƿ飬۷춴ҫʥ׶𻵲١

ǰ˵ؿڴƬȫըɣѪģѪɸɸʳбַشΪķڴ˿˲޴һĺˡ
أ
ַ˫һ㣬Ϯ᲻ǰ
˫
֮밵֮ƵĽ㣬ǿںϹⰵԪأʱӵĵµиǰķ
꣡ϣ
һһɾϡ
ַٲ׼ǰĶǣΪûҪ޴ѳ׸ԼĹķʱⳡսĽѾע
䣡
ǽһƬ
ǰ޴¡أѪа˫ͫ޹⣬ʺɫĲ㣬ַ˫ͫӸ¸һС
ԼӮˡ
һоһʵ
оɣȻͬսͺԼҰ̤ʵȻȻ䣬Լûܶǰжѣʵ練ơ
ʵַһЦ
ԶԼǿʵտʼϵĹ⡢֮ž޴Ǳھ򣬵ܫٴһΣǿ֮һս
µԼϵǿһ㡣
໥ƽ⣬չֳǿַжϣԼ뿪ʥأûʥаսҲǸʥʱܱȡ
ʵʵǶɡ
һʱﵽҲû⡣
ַЦ
Ŀа޶ǰԲ˷ѣոʬ̲ѪӴҲߣѪ˷ѡ
Щ԰Чعʵܱ⡣
ɱǰĲ
ַΨһͨܿߵͷԼԤϵģͨͷһֻ迪뿪
ԣҪͨδһҪսʤǰ
ֻҪסһСʱ䣬㹻뿪
Ȼǰ࿹⡣
ʵȷ޷ͨ顣
ҪͨĹؿ飬ۺ٣Ȼǿߣл䡣
ֵ塣
ǲĹؿ龿Ϊʲô
ֻǵؾȺǿߵַа⣬ҡҡͷ
ô룬Ҳôġ
ңʥضȻҪ
һôҪȺأûɳ룬һȡеı
ڵһ㣬Լնعʵ
ȥӦþͻһ𰸡ַͨԼõĳϺ𾴣Լ˵ʵûʲôô
ʵԼ׷ġ
ɡַշȻһЦ
ûɷ˺õȴã뿪ܲٽǸδ֪֮³лᣬǶá
ԼϤµսʽҪǿһҪµĹϵ
Ҫа缫£Ũ㣬ڰЧʵģǰħЧ
Լ°ħѸԲ
ֻһܴﵽԲ
ϣ㹻ʱ䡣ַܿǽʮʱ󣬽Ǳޡ

򣬳ϻᡣ
ˡͻȻһ仰õ׷׵ڳͣһ˫˫ϵͫ޲Ͷϣźѯʡ
ڣѻȸ
磬θڣ㵹˵˳ȿڣȵ
ϵȻͷӮˣɱɱˡ
~~
ڳϾһƬûַͨ飬˵ַ岢ȡͨƾʵɱͨ
ѡ
ɡ
˶ðվɱ
û뵽ɾһСһŲ1갡̫˰ɣ
ǰɷˣʵôģ
ڳϵ޲ź֮ɫ
֪ʵǿҲһɱɣǿǶǷף˵ɱ
ȡɡ
ɣĲԩ
仰漴ת뿪ޱ飬ȥʱ΢΢ǿɼ顣
ܿġ
һͷаūʲôջһǰ;ˣԼ
δϣ



1757 ͨ
ʥأ¥ĲС
ַںһУɽħػԼʮʱǱھѪǿȲԼʵ
ڵĲǷһ㣬ַ岢ġ
ֻҪʵ㹻ǿ󣬾㻹е㣬㣬
ʵһֱҵ뷨
밵ǲܽϣԳǿַǵǰĶս밵˲䣬Ϊ޷ںϣԻը
ԽӽըԽǿ
һǿûáַĵ
һǿһѹƣɣսһδսԼʵ൱ս໥⣬ǿ
սʱ˲㱬ǿ
ʵ֮ǰҲںϡַҲΡ
ʱȴʧˡ
ΪɫСַͷҵؼڡ
û㹻ǿĺɫУƲ˹֮밵֮ƣȻ෴ͬʱԼϳ֣ûܵġ
Ʋ۵ĺɫУԼѪĹؼڡ
Ӧǹ֮ƣ֮ɫнϳһ壬̫һᲢá
ľ̫Զ
ַ
ԼģǸɫ㹻ǿġȨȥͳϽ֮밵֮ƣ쐻裬Ϻɫб㹻ǿĿռȫܹġ
ɫоһ֧ӵͳ˧֮밵֮··ͣûϵ
ֻҪͳ˧㹻ǿƣܹѹסֶܽǿĶ־սġ
ľ޼᲻ݣս޲ʤġ
ʼϰַҪҵָоԼǶʵĲ򣬶Ź⡢ǿʼαĴ
ȫɱ䣡

һ֣һ֡
ַǿźɫеĿŰ֮άƽ⡣Լ֮Զȹ֮ǿϾʥء
ʵ뿪ʥأҲ־ƽ⡣
ʶ־ͱ˸йؼ
··Ȼʿͬ·Ǿʿ·ɢ£սǴྶͥ
ʱҪģҪôǿ·ʹҲɾӡ
Ҫô·ս򵥵ķǼ·̫ߣͼսȻ
˷ǳ־֮
ף·ʹﵽ·ˮ׼ȷġ
֮ʥص
֮ܫ̫ࡣ
һֻܷ75%һȴܷ100%25%ô򵥣5%ܾѾһ
95%100%֮ࡣ
аʶʥصħ֮걬֮
а̫κοɽĹ֮ԴҪ100%Ĺ֮ѡַĵ
Ҫܫǿеġ
Լʱܫ֮ľԶûôߣ´ﵽ100%磬Եĸ̣ĵǸǿ
һַܿС
ܫ
75%80%85%
ܫӣʥصĿ٣ַ廨ʱȴǲ٣һǿɽģһǴ޵УѶȻͬ
ˡַ֮ҫȻӳһ
ͬܫ֮֮ǰֹڹ֮֮ںϵı£ľӵǿս
90%
Ŀǰܫļ¡
Ҫ뿪ʥأϾаĸ̫ǿҪĹ֮Ƶȼȵȡ
ȻԼ죬Ҫʱ䡣
ûҪ
ʥأаĵʺϱ֮ǡħַ֮˫漴ǽ״̬
Լİħ֮츳ǰ֮ǿģȻ̡
ѵ֮أ
ħ֮Բ̣

Բѡ
һĳ
ͬʱҲǳԽƿߵĻΨܳ׸ıɱԴǽ磬Լµľ硣
ԴޣҲǿڴˣ޷ͻơ
̫ѣ
ʱ˺ͣȱһɣ⿿޸򣬸ϼѡ
ַռݵ˺ϣǰʥص¥ļ֮أа֮Ƶ츳ʣȻչ
ֻҪ㹻ʱڵ¥򣬴ﵽԲǳ¡
ʱǲ
¡¡~~¥𵴣ӴǿĿռųַ֮ʱ뿪üͷ΢΢˴أҲ֪
ҽ˰ɣַһЦ
νġֻҪ겻ô
飬ͨ



1758 
ʥ⣬һڳϻۡ
԰ǿߴΪףŸ޲¶ϲ֮ɫȴַĵʥعâʱַֻع顣
ţַ˲Ӧ˾ŵǿϢһԼϤ߳ϡ
һϢرǿԶ˸ǿߡ
ĿΧﻨ㣬ۼǼ⴫㣬ٷʥƶĵַ֪ԼѾ
Լ²ģ꿼飬ˡ
Լɹɡ
Ӣ۳꣬ĲСһЦݣӭ
ǰַ帩˸
ǰ׷ŨüǿߣԼӦǸʵȺĴڣΧ˸ǿǿߵĻǰ׷Ũüǿߣ±ǡ
ǿߣ
ǿ߱Ǻ֮ƿߵ۷壬ǿߺεʵ
ض񡣡һŹɾַЦݿ䣺ͨ飬ĹԵ·ˣԡ
Сֵܡ
ַš
䲻֪«ʲôҩǸȥ
Ͼڱ˵ĵ̣ݲԼ˵֣ԼҲûʲô⣬ж⣬ҲڰԼʥأ˷Դʱ䡣
žλϣַܿĵش
·;ϣǿΪ֮ĿλȻ𾴣ַ壬ҲȻͬż;⡣
Ƕַ֪ĳִʲô
ͨ˿飡
Ԫһٸμӿǿߣ1ǿߣȻͨѶȱ̬ǿ߶Ŀ飡
ţ
ﵱԼһϴ
ַţڳϸ֡ȰĿ΢΢Щڣô˫۾Լͫƺ⡣
ʵлֱ˵ַ忪żɽ
֪ʥؿǶȱ⣬ɸѡǿߣֺĿģҶˣ촰˵
ַȰ
ڳҲһ㶣Ȼû뵽ַô˵Ŀ漴ϣԵüžࡣ
СֵܹȻ棬ѹͨ顣ϷСֵܣΪ涨µĹأҵֻѭּ⡣
棿ַ΢΢һ
ϵͷİΪΪ⣬¼ǿǣ
ַϣк
ʵвǵģ
ϳ̾һڳҲҡͷɣַٿʥصĲͬϴϸղԣЩ뷨
ʥأַ
΢΢ףۣƺף૵ʥءĸҫȴӡ
Ҳ䡣
䣿
ַһµ򣬱䣿
΢΢˫˿ͲɣܾǰԻԾԴޣʱȺڵȺ
ţϽʷ渵
ַ徲ţʵ𺧣ȴû뵽ĵʡ
Ǻ壬岢ͬΪȺӵгȻľǿߣͷһʱԴڶȺкȺ
ȻʱǨս
巢ս춯صһսĽһ廹嶼˲ء
ʤһ壬Ԫ˵壬Դ˴Ⱥǿλõδ
νɱһǧ
ңǾǿǿжϺβѪֻͲڡ
սܵĽͬܲңʥҲǡ¥תԭʥΧһƬȫӡʥ򣬸Ǳ䡣
ȷʮﻨ㣬˼ɾ
ħ壡
֮ͨħ壡
Ǻ಻ͬϲʥڻĻĻǲϲʵ
֮Ԫز棡
ӡʥأܽȴƣʱҲ΢΢ʶʱţӢǿߴ˵ǿߣǿ߶
һǴϣһеһǿߡҢС
ܽ⿪ʥطӡǾܽʥǱޣʱ嶨ٶԻ͡Ŀ¶⣬ᶨ
ַס
徫֮ͨʥظʵΪ٣µİǿߣʵ
ֻǲǲʥأǽˡ
Сֵ֪ܿΪʲôû峤ôٿص
Ϊʲôַ
ϾĿһһ϶Ϊڵȴȴ峤ĵ⿪ʥطӡؼգ



1759 ӡ
ַЩˡ
ʲô˼
Լ˴ϻе˼˼ǰʾԼֻҪԼܽ⿪ʥطӡؼգôʱԼ峤
Цɣ
һˣܵ峤
ַЦЦ
ԼֲСְ˵ǹʹļ˭š
΢ЦԵ·ˣӲ԰䣬ֻҪ˵ȥĻǾһءСֵĪҪģôһ죬ܰ⿪ӡؼգҵΪ峤Σ
гϣվһߡ
ַܵˣʵ΢΢ᣬûôͷôñӡ
Ҳ⣬΢΢ЦСֵ֪·ҵӡ֮󣬳ǵʵȻ޷뿪
ûʥأҵ˾츳ټѣУеһǿߣͻҲϣã
£Ψж߲ܰ쵽
ַ˼֮ǰǰ˸ǿأ
ҡͷ䲻
ַ֮һݣĿⶸȻ
ϿЦСֵܱᣬԵ·ˣȱ޳֮£ȷʵкܴΣԣСֵ֣ҲǵϾزʶ
˵ţϲһЦҡҡͷ
ʵ⡣
Ӵϵϣַ岢δκٵĳɷݣԾ䷢Էθ
ϲ˵˵ܲܰһæַӲԴǣв϶ڡȴеĲ̡
ô˵Լôܶͷ
һͨǿߵ񣬽ӽǵʵĲԼʥͬûԼһҲ޷
һƾ⣺Ҫ⿪ʥطӡ˵Ҳ򵥣˵ҲѣҪ֮ۡ
ַһ
ĵֻ۾ַ֪ص㣬һó͹֮ȺԴǿ
ϵͷû
ַüһֻ֮ۺô
ϵҪ⿪ӡҪǿߵ֮ۡ
ַЦ
ԼһӣҲȥɱǿ߰
ϵ⵱ȻܣҲһõ⿪ӡֻһַʮֻǿߵۣ֮һֻǿߵ֮Ҳԡ
ǿߵۣ֮еܡַ⡣
ԼʵֻҪ㹻ʱǵȼѶȲȫԺǿ߰һ
ȥǿߣ
硣ַ壬·֪е뷨ֻ磬㹻ǿߣΪ֮ףΣա
磡
ԴڤеأʮҪΣյĶࡣϳڣΣճ̶ȲԶǿ߶䡣
գٻǿ˺
Ͳͬˡ
壬дǿ߸ɱۣǿߣǰǿҲý
ǷǰȥСֵо
ȻСֵܲԸæҲǿ׾Ļ˸־ǿŤĹϲԵ·ˣǿ־ϴ
ַš
أ磡
Σվаȣľ磬ԼӵнǵʵҲΣ֡طԼῼһ£硭
Լʹȥ
ʮ֮ضµԼ˵սԣԼԺɨа򣬱Ͼʮ֮ǿаޡ
ؾͲͬˡ
㹻Σգ㹻սܱƳ㹻ǿԼ
ԴλĩԺΪΪӴҲ࣬Ǻõ֮أڤסʮ˶Ⱥеġڤ塯ʹħȺһ԰֮Ϊĵ
֮ǰԼǹʥһкٽڤԵöһ١
ʺԼһվ硣
㹻ĻΣգԴǿĹۣ֮ԴǿȺûԴô౦ġ
Ϊʷ̫ƾá
ֻһԪʱ޵Լ˵ʺԼʵģԼ֮ңңȣ֮ƽ⡣
磬ڱС
ҴӦǡַͻȻؿӦУĴһ㶣˲ʱϲڳ˷֮ԱڲѣܳɹһͿܡ
ַĿ⣬ʱ仯٣ǰԼˡ
ܷҲַ΢΢һЦ
ֻұ֤һᾡΪ
ϣܽ⿪ӡؼյĻᡣ



1760 ǡ
ŻϲһõڳϣַҲһů
ܰһһѣĳؼգһȺ˵Ͼڵص֮޾Ԫ͵ǺεȲпһ¡
Լ屾ûʲôøС
л壬ԼҲõ㹻Ļر
Ȿǻ֮¡
㣬Сֵܡٿصһɫ׶Ϸһħ·ֺ̣㤵ļ¶С
ǣ
ַֽӹȻоһɿɲ˵Ϣ
ַѿڶ
ϵͷʥеһаǡͨ߿ԲٿأСֵܵӦܽԦʵٳ߸ͷһ
лϡַϲ
ȻǸлرû£õĻʼδ
ż뿪ַ򶨾
޷ٽʥأʥ֮⣬аŨ̶Ҳ޷ģǿǼ𣬲ֻ츳ʡ
ʥ䱻⣬ϻҲè
аȴǿĶˣǺڶĶȺû֮ء
ǡַȡаֱϣɲǼŨаӿȫֱԺַ֮ݣɵ
ֱ֮գаԴʯͬײͭǽڣʱϢġ
аַԣв
~~
аգ漴ϣԺйںǵѶϢתۼַ֪˫⡣
һһıҾ߱á
򣬼Ϊ
ռݵˣڵԵսȺսжŲ׹ЧȫܵаԣԼٳ߸ͷһ
ңǰħϵַһЦ
аֱΪԼ죬ҪǿҪħ֮ﵽԲ磬µĹñ൱ǿˡ
ڽǰʵַĵ
ħ֮ԲҪԵҪƿغǵͬʱܸ֮ﵽԲ
ЩǿԴﵽġ
֮й֮ͨ
֮ﵽԲ԰ħ֮Ҳкô
ңһҪ֮
ĺĵشַ嶨Ǳ
ҲһĴڣ˵ÿһǿ߶ֵصģַϢŻ⡣
һǿߣһĳţ
ͨ飡
أаһʱĽʺޣԵ·ˣδʲô¡
Ľַ壬ҲֻĽѡ
ַͨ飬õаﱦƾʵŷ

ʮ꣬ʮ꣬ꡣ
תǰţںƿ˵ǵָʥеİַ꣬ꡣ
ʱ䣬˺ǵʹãవ֮½ﵽԲ
ʮ꣬ʱַעںϣй֮ںϵľ飬ںϰ֮ˮɣδķѶʱ䡣
񣬰֮ںϰ㲻ȹϵ֮ǽԲֻ֮Ǽ
Զ
Ȼħ֮δԲչ˳ַ֪ԼʵûаҲѾﵽż
ǣԴһٽ㡣
Ǻ֮ѾԽ֮ս롮ԴޣֻҪʵﵽǲܱ֮Ϊǿߡ
Ǻǣ޴
ԴǧȺλʮ˶ȺĹؼȺбҪǿߡÿһǿԴޣǶ
£ַҲ̤١

а򣬾ɽơ
ûôԬȻ˫֣Ųŭǿƣһ˫Ȼ˫ͫעžɽƣɫ䡣
ѱƬձơ
ߣδ뵽ôλá
չ֡
Ҫư㲻ףԬԹʵ޷Ľư֡ǿƲɣҽ󷨽Ƶĸ
ţɽһб
ףöԬĿʵ
ԬûһˡߣҲһΣƿ˵
ԬĿɺԵ촽¶ǰĿ⣬̰
ϣб档ԬĿĵ
Ϊδļ͸ͬһ¡
ԬĿ⾫Ƭһ뱦Īʧ٣ʮ֮˾žڴʱһ֮Ԭ˫ͫ׿¶һĨЦ
ȵˣˡ
ĿסƣκһͷˣԬ
ǣף



1761 ˭˭
⣡
֮еַٿ˫ͫ⼲䡣
ڶ壬ǸϾɱַվɱԼûȥǣǷˡ
ɽУ˶ӳ`⣬Լū͡ӡһֱӶûϢȴϧԼɼ̬֮ء
ȥ˶ˡַ뿪ʱ
ޣԼԭҲǲ׼뿪µһ
£ҲʧΪһõʱ
ǰȥĵشڳϣַ漴뿪޷뿪벽Լ谭ǿʱԿ⣡
ַ壬ǿߣ
֮أ
ֲַǣ׹âֱۣΧռȶ۵аͺڰ֮ʹַƽء
Ƭ֮أٲؿ¡
ٿء
ţ
ַ֮һоһ˿ڣȴ˵쐻޵ĸӦȫʧأεԼмǿֱ
ңҲзӦ

ַ֮һԺǵĸоΧǿĺڰ͵෽ȥ͸ƬڰַһϤӰ
һͷģĺɫаޣˮĸһ㣬ַ㣬ʮ־޴
̫Ϥ
аޣַ循ϲޱȡ
Լ֪Ƭ򣬵֮Ѱң֮ǰҲѰȴǵȫѹ
ԭԼƻ㹻ʱȥѰͷаޣ뵽ֱ˳
𣡡а޼ַ壬˲ʱһڶ𹥻ַһ׼Ԭаһϡ
Ⲣʲôа
һסǱڶһ
а֮£ַ岢볢ԡ
ʥص
ֱַӻֱһƿֱȡаޣʼϲʱѪעʹధ֮һ˲䡪
ϣ
ַаֱ˽
аޣɱиţټ򵥲
ͣַаиܿȡһƤĺɫӣŨаȻǹ˵а
ӦûС
ַǻӵаķѣ룬ʱڰʴа޷ֵ֧飬Ѫַһ
~~
йâеһöָ
ӦþˡַۼԬ챻ʳǵģа޵ʵвԽռ䴢ָ
ңаӰǣ֪ôȡָ
ȻָͲ֮ڡ
žֱַȥԬϢָһжʱȫ֪֮ааعʵر
һа
Ƿ񡣡ַ岻һЦ
Ԭ̽õıﶼˣһںڶǿߴȴԼ׼˸ˡ
аַܹЦ
Ȼ͵аҲӽҪԼͨħ֮ʶаǳԼ
£Լûʱա
ڶ壬š
һǰʣһ
ַ˫ɱ⡣
֮ǰԼɵڶ弸֣Ͼʮ˶Ⱥڡ
˭˭
ܿ죬ȫٸ·ַ֮أŨаȫַħ٣̤Ƭ֮ء
ǰأڴ˿ɢ
Ƭ֮أַκܿԣΪմа֮
ڶ塣ַ˫ͫ

򣬾ɽơ
ҪãԬĿֱӣ˫ͫȻ
һںڶ徫ӢǿվγӴƣЩȫǿͳǾӢСӣԬȺһĸǿߡ
ϡƳ󷨽ƵĻĿ档
˿ޱȵרעƽ⣬ɽƹâ粣һζҡҡ׹Ի߶ԣƳƲ̫ɡ
ʱ䣬һһš
ܿ졪
žϣžϣ
ֹ֮״ϢѣɢɼڵһУ纣¥ĳ֣һֳһӰ
ԬĿʱŴ
߸Ǽӿٶƽ⣬һ˫ССͫϲɫȲԬһںڶǿ߰¶˷֮ɫƬѰãҵˣ
Щ϶ǵˣԬĿͨ죬˷ޱȡ
ԬȻס˫ȭȵ渲ȫǻһĨЦ
ץˡ
غãˣԬպ仰ٿߴըѵľ¡ɽبɽͺƻɽ緢㣬γһƬ̮
¡¡¡¡~~
Ԭһںڶǿɫ䡣
ʲô£



1762 Ҷô
ַ壬ˡ
۷춴ҫʥףͷտֲаǣִպͺڪzϻ굶һڰ䣬񽫽١
ƣСİɽ
𣬵䣡
䣡䣡䣡
ַһɽӴɽںӲַǰȴƶ㲻һÿһκþɽ̮һ֣ʯҷɡ
ܿ죬ɽᱻΪƽء
ɽˣ
ûҪ
뱻ֱɱΪӣһ
Ȼ
ɽʯѣһڶǿ׳ӰӾɽдŭޱȣΪ׵ǼԬۼһ۵ǡ񡯣һ
ǣոѳɹƳ˽ƣ
δȵ˳㱻񣬸ҲӰ
ɱԬ˫ͫѪ죬ŭȡ
ڶǿʱܳ簵ҹħӰɫöڰ֮ӿ֣ÿһڶǿ߶ͨڰ֮ʾˣó
ɱһ࣬ǻֵ

߳ͣ
ַһʥصףڶǿǰһУֱһºڰϢ٣Ҫȴָǵֲֵ̩ɽѹ˲䱻ɱ
ʲôԬɴ۾
ʱڶһǿ߷׷׳֣ԬĿץһǿߣϲʤɲǼƬһƬڰԬĿɴ۾Ȼѡ
򣬺ǡ
ӴаԵ˷·ϣ͹ƽĵǿڰ֮·һֱµĺڰаʴÿһڶǿߡ
Ǻڰ֮ͬĺڰ֮ȴڡ
ৣԬĿɫȻ䣬ץľǿȴͫ׷Ŵ¶ϲ֮ɫǱʱһϤӰ
ַ壡
߳
⻮ʣǵʵڴ˿̺ȻţƬַԵߡ䣬ʥصոڶǿ
һǾӢǿߣַǰݽ棬һ
գۼ䣬ѱնɱ롣
ҵ졣غϲ£죬⻹ʶַô
ֱǹ
ʵǵ˷˼ĵز
һڶǿߣַǰһɱɱץץûһڶǿߵסһ
ץڶ꣬ŵñңɫף˫Ŵ亹ֱ
ԬĿȷʵˡ
ǿǿߣҲֻףҿ϶ʮ׼Ҳǰôֲ
ˣ
λֵܣҵδı棬ǲʲô᣿ԬʱǷӦɫɷףæǾ˫֡
֣
Ҷô
˫һεʵ
ûᡣַ̤ԬƬǶԼƿطΧ֮УһڶǿߣӲߡ
һΣ©֮㡣
ҪץҵˣҾɱˣô򵥡ַ̤䣬պͺڪzϻ굶Ӷȡڶ徫Ӣ
һĸ˸
ߵԬǰڶ徫ӢѲʮÿһ¶ɫַɪɪûС
̫ǿ
ǿߣȫͽ͡
ᣬһжᡣԬЦң治֪ˣȻĵҲץ
ַЦЦǺڶ岻ô
Ԭһ
ַ嵭Ȼ֮ǰѾڶ׷ɱһΣˣˮˮ¶ˣ̣벻̡
꣡꣡
ַ䣬顣
ְɣҸ㹥ĻᡣֱַԬڳ鶯ĿҪڣŲЩģдʱûڲѡ
̰֮һ֣ˣ
֪ײôµǿߣҲҽ
ңҡԬȻЦȴǲһҧڰϢȻ¼׶ֱȡַСڰȫµĹ

ǰٿسһѵһѵ
ѵһX֣γ˲ȻѣԬֻԺһ䣬ʹģ˲ʧȥʶں֮ϡ
ַƽ
ֻСţʵԶֹڴˡ
Ǻڶ̫̫ǿ
аޣ˵Ķǰڹⰵƹϣ˵һڶǿߣķͶǰԶ
кڶǿ߶ˡ
ΪļԬǿеľӢֱӱһնɱ
εȿֲ
ӣӰڶǿ߷ƵܣԬĿڣŲ·ȴǾӵĺǶûá
߳߳ϣ
ַ˲ȫնɱգ֮䣬кڶǿ߱㱻ᣬڵֻʣӰȻվĿϲü֮ɫ
`ӡ
һˡַĿɨˣ΢΢һЦ



1763 ȥˣ
̶һ仰ñ˷ܴ󺰣Ȼ״̬ת
ǻˣ
һ㣬ΪҪ군ˣڶֻ·һû뵽ǧһ֮ʣַ岻ϵ¾һںڶ壡
ǿһȺǿ߰
ַǰȴ޸֮޷Ǹղֻ֮ڶǿ߱һһĵ£֪ʲô
ֱ󣬺ڶպļԬɱǲŷӦ
ֲ̫
ڵַ壬ǿÿֲ
˵ֵܣҲ̫̬˰ɣǺڶ徫񰡣ĿɨһƬǽľɽ˿ѳɺڶ徫Ӣ֮أ겻ѡ
`ҧݣַ壬ż־Ľ֮ɫ
ַһЦ
ȡԬĴָ쐻ֱӽʶĤһıԬõҡ
ô࣡Ȼſڡ
`˸ŵС죬֬˵ģҵԬĴָˣ
ַ΢Цͷ
йâöָԣַˣһ䡣
ҵͷаˣʵ
ַš
ԣа١
ҲõˣԬĴָﻹһаַɨ˷͵ˣЦܼа˳ϵ򱦲ء
ۣҮ`ϲʤ
ǱЦúϲ£죬˷ܵᶼ£а֮оһǾ̫࣬εĿ
ڣǲֹ׬ȡʵĲƸأ
ҫض飡
ڶ壬ߡ`޵ŬŬǣһֱھɽжΪڶ壬㲻һ
ҲùģˡЦ˷۱ôھƬ򱦲أȫ䵽
ã`һ
˭ϲǵˣֵַڿǴǿߣؿڣԺһԺúҫһˣұǸǿֵܵģ
`Ц˭Ź֡
һԴļƺҲǣҫ˼һţأһʱ䲻ɥ
ַı򣺡ܱôأԷƱλȥھ嶨ɣջʵдĲƸԺ˭С㣿
ţ㹻ȺھվȽŸ
˫һǵͷ
԰
Լôû뵽أ
ĿƳַ壬ЦһַվһԼվûˣԼҲǿߡ
޹֪壬ϲ㣬ζܵóԸַ΢Ц
`ֻǿߣ㹻ѵͱǲ⣬㹻Ĳ֧֣˵еȺϵȺϵȺ
ʷϼºһʣʷ
һģ`صͷ˵űȱᶨ־ܿδԼδС
߰ɡַ΢΢Ц
ȥˣ
Ү

ַ˺ܿ뿪
ͻȥ·Ȼкڶǿ߰أµַ˵һ`һμʶַĿֲʵ
䣬һ֮С
ûʲôʴȵģһʼұǵзѡ
̫ˡٺЦ
ǰ̫ǿ`Ƴַ壬ԴʵǿȻŮϾһǿʳ硣
ʵǿܵõԼҪģԼ뱣ġ
ַЦЦ
˵ٿüͷ΢΢һأԶ쐻޸Ӧޱַ֮ǰ˵
Цݣͷԣϵüı־ġ
Ǻͺڶᱦģ뿪ˡ`ЦϾǰ˴δаȻԶȺܴ󣬵ԼԲ
Ⱥ˴
Դ޵ĽˣЩӵаǿߣЩӵоǿߣϸأٻϾǰɼ
һˡ
˵ǷȻأһҲòȥַӱȺȸںʳʶ޾ԪȺͰ˴ల¡
Դ޵սһ㶼ͨȺ֮䣬沢ɱ¾޵ȵȡ
ֵʲô
ûʲôַƳԶЦӦ߰ɣȥ󡣡
漴뱱`һ뿪а
ڰһȫڼ׵ӰͫؿڴȻһѵһѽı־־ģԴ޺պ




1764 Щˣ㲻һ
Դް˴֮һ
ɱ̡֯Ϊ˴ص֮һǿ߸ҲĴڡ
ͬʱҲǰ˴ϵ֮һ޾´δ䡣
̡½˴ư˴ۺڰ˴λǰ
һǿˣ̷Ƿ
ȡ̡רɱڴɱҵΧ㣬нӸֻҪ㹻Ŀվͻ
ȡķҲǲ͡
ǣûɱ˶磡Ԭҧ¶
һӣһ˫綾һ㣬˫ֱֻԬⶣ϶
ԬͷվǴѣ֮ˣԭΪѾˣȴû뵽
˫ȭԬؿڼĿ¶Ѫޱȣǿ϶õЩǱʵͻͽɱҶ磡
̧ͷԬֱӣȵd磬һҪңȻҶĿ
ӡdҺͰн鲻٣Ҳ֪֯ĹأͷĿҲΥ棬Ȼᱻ̣֯ʬ
ǣǡԬͷʲôҪd㾡ᡣ
ӡd֯ĹӦ֪ɣɱ˿ԣ˴ĲɱȺҲɱ̨ġҲɱ
Ԭͷҡø˹İ㣺ܣк̨һͱˣҲڱ׷ɱӵǱ
ӡdͷٿضһƤֽ˹֯ģǵݺʵԼ
Ԭͫ׷ŴǽӹƤֽϵּ
壬ǿߣǣ75վ
`壬ǿߣǣ8վ
ַ壬δ֪Ⱥδ֪ǿߣ޷̽⣩
üͷһ壬Ԭϸһ飬ǰܿȻ൱֮ݣԤ֮Уֻһַ塯ȫʺźδ֪
d磬ַΪʲôûбۣԬ̧ͷʵ
ӡd̫٣ǿ֯һ㲻ܴɱ񡣡
ΪʲôԬⶵɴ۾
ӡdһǿǿѹʱԬһ飬ǵͷ­dǮ׬ģЩˣ㲻һ𡣡
δ֪ͬΣգԶϲʲôܡ
һߣôδ֪
ӡd仮ַ壬ܿȺصġ塯йأ֯ǲ׼չߵĴɱ
û⡣
ַ壬ҪɱԼȥɱ
ԬɫһƬףǧòҧҧ֪ˡ

ǡ
ԴǳУΪĳǳ֮һΪǾƿصĵ򡣾ܾӲսʵӹɵġ
ͺڶһͬʮ˶Ⱥ
ңסǳأԭǣڶǵȣᱻ볼ٵһϢ֮ء
ǲͬΪĵʶȺסڷǣ൱ɡ
ȻеñʧסڷǵȺҪͬʱҲõ屣
ֻǵҵȺΪ
һͷԸ˳Զޣɱ¾ĵҰȺǻɵһ֡
ַ֡սǣо
΢棬һְдʸУǳسߺЦϣΪ֣ۿȥ鶼ˣʮ㡣
ɳǣȫǡ
ԭǣͷҲС׼ס
ǻ˵ǷǿԴʮǳ֮һǳǿΪһӵıɡ
ȷʵַš
ˣǸԼĸоʣ֮Ԫ൱ԾǷ֮츳ǿȺǿأʶ֮Ԫؼʢ
ʵ΢棬Ծء
ܸоȻϢĿ
ư㿪ĵġ`Ц޲ɷǵ·Ŀ޲ȡ
Ҳãиϣõı١`ʼ磬һŬЩСǳ̫Σգһ¶ױ
ַЦһ
ɳǣԼ㾭⡮ҰʱȻû鰡
زģ˭
ǵȻڷ˭Ǿһ㱡档ֺٲȻһͷģ
`һЦ˭ӣ˵ˣаڣĸǵǮԼԲԣ壿
˵ţ`գգ۾䣬ֱΧ߿ˡ
ҲɡַЦЦ



1765 п
󣬰˴еһǲҲȲˣֻҪгоһĴڡ
Ͼߵǡ߶ˡгǴСͨԡ

һһ൱֮еͶгȫ¢ϣ𻵱ĴǮԽԽࡣ
ôַ򱱽һ֧֧᲻֪ôش
ӳĻ֪ӴΡ`һЦֱñ˸ֹ˵֪Ƶġ
`ȻһЦҵȻ֪ˡ
ţַ
`ף峤ȥ׳ǣ峤ʮǳеİ˴ܲͬıﲻֹߣҲ൱̡
߾ֹжǾ߼𡣡
󣬲۵ıƷ෱࣬ÿһǳصУֻ֮Ҫ㹻Ǯܹ¡
֮
ַ˫һͨ۷춴ǵ֮ĳƺţȻһı㲻Ҳǵֵͬı
ôЩԥ
˵ַһЦҾҲҪƷ࣬ԴһʺǡԼԬ촢ָѵõае㲻ʺԼ
аԼϡ
ʺϵıһҲܷӳǿЧʺٶ඼ûá
ֵܣ֮ǰ˵ȥ磿ǰ·ϣţа˺ڶƿأȫɡ
û׷ɱٲùĵӡ
ӳҲȤַЦ
ͷҡø˹İ㣬ҿûô̬ǿ߲ŸȥĵطСȥˡ
`һԲ죬Цû뵽ӳ֪֮
ߺһ޹Ѳȥ
`ȻһЦȥϰôںӼ;ˣڷǺǸҾҪȺȰپ۰ɡ
ַͷ
ԼԼܲµ޹ݣ񱱽ھݵ΢ʵеȺʱ޹ֻǶǶʵҲ൱ס
ʣ̸£ԸȵȣĲͨ
Լû´޹ȺжʶԶ־Ҫ塣ڶӳһʼûԼݡ
ʱӳǶǿߣʵھⶥȺУۡ
ڴﵽǿߣҲո¶ͷǣۺ϶ӳ䣬츳˴λصλ϶ͬ
Ͼӳʮ֮˾ܳΪǿߡ
ǼڶȺУѾǲмˡ
ǣֵܿһҪһ֮꣬Ǽηֿ´ζ֪ʱˡ̾
ãɱһ١ַЦ
ݺݵף`Ц绨˸ɱĶ
ʱɥģ
С`ŬŬǣһȵȥ󣬻ûǮô˵һ٣һٶһǧٶû⡣
ৣ
ʱͷ
԰ο׬ˣ
׬ѾûС١ĸˣһаֵǣοƬδ򳬳˳ɵıൽһȺ۲
죡ָǰǼɴ
ַ`ӶЦ
˽Ⱥм۵ӰҲ˲ʧ

Եķ¥ϣλãޱظ·ɫȻ漴Ӱڴ֣
ȷˣΪ׵֮ǰԬⶽӴӡd
ǣϴ󡣡һƵӴĿȷ˺һ山ʵ`ǣмǸַ塭޷֪̽
ܸߡɣһӿе
ۣȺַ֣弫пǿߣǣΪóĲҪ̫ɵӹϷ
ԼľӢС˵ǿ߸
dͷԭƻ񣬰׹ǣַ壬ۺţɱ山պͰʲɱ`
ǿߵͷ
һɫǼ𣬼ľС൱뺷
ΪʲôǷɢжϴ󣿡ʲʵ
d˫һʱ̫ãֱӷؾأкܳһʱ޷֣֯жϹΣճ̶ȣⲻ󡣡
ɱ`ֱ뿪ǵͬ裬Ҫġ
мǣҪɱǸַ塣
ǿߵͷ
֯жϣɡ
£¾㱸ֻ뿪ǾͶ֣



1766 ɽ
ڣַ˴ʱȻ󲨡
ааȫȡʱչŵ겻ǣȫȻ﹤ãǵһμ˾˵ͲƸ
λͣԵȡܻæȥȻȥʾϼˡ
˵Ҫš`ŬŬС죬ߺߡ
ֵֻֻǳ˼ӴѾˡ
ַ΢΢ЦЦ
Լɳãվı
վɳǺܶ࣬ʮǳ֮һķȴǡ
ﶯǧվĽףǿȺǻӴ󣬳ܽӴѾˡ
ǵܣɱɳǵܹµλҪ߶ˡ
ۻ۰վģΪ
ۻǧվģΪм
ۻһڿվģΪ߼
ۻʮڿվģΪ
ԽߣĵλҲԽߣܵȨҲԽ󡣳Ϊĸ߼λǵͬڲԱǶǲˡ
ַ˴Ҫ۵ıǧƣԷһܸ
Ĺء
ܿ졪
λáſһװͦӣӳбƵɨַˣ΢Цǫ˸ơ
ҽһ£ܹ£ңҶܹܡ
ַ塣`
໥ܺ˱¡
ղŵܣȻǼ棬ȴ費΢ַ˻õıȻžԵ̬Ⱥְҵһһ㡣
ıٽӵҲ
еȵַ˵ʵõĲƸԶԶԼΧ
Բʡ
ܼ2395վȡ2400վɡܹȴǡƴ֡ȡֱ5վ
ȿ൱ġ
ܹ˵ν2400վıȣ5վʲô
2400򡭡૵׼ҲǱһ˵2400240ûĿ̫ˡ
`˸ǳȻû¶̫飬ȴ¶һ
Ψһƽģַֻ塣
Ϊվ˵岻Ƚ֮£мô
ɽֱַӵ
ţ
ܹҲ΢΢һ㶣ôˬ죿
ַɫȻǾҪԲûҪΪռһС˶Ѵ࣬ԱߵıһֱڼüŪۡ
ȻܹܺЦͷ롣
ַ˸ϡ
ܿ죬˱ĽӣȥһЩعʵаδףõıȫ۵һɶ
׼ȷ˵ǴԬԬõı
˱ǿװǣʲôûУɻǺڶǿߣȫϡ
Щ£ڤڤע
ۻվҪ֡
`1000վ400򡣡ַܹ˵֣ÿ800վĽȫֻó
£`м
Լν
Լǿߵʵͨ΢¥飬ԴеĵλòﶼûϵԼҲϲߵ
õġӦ˵С¡
`ҲƴǣǺַ岻ͬмݶ˵кܶͰ
ɽףһѿվѻɽ̾Ϊֹ`Ʋ۾֪ȤһյĹˣ¡
ң㣬¶Цݡ
ôֶãһǶˣ
2400վʲô۷춴۲1վ10վ򵽺ܺõ۷춴ļҲ100վ
ַеպͺڪzϻ굶۷춴еļƷǱҲ50վ
2400վԴޣѾһ൱ĲƸˡ
ȫҼ24վ૵ӵĿվŨĿվ䣬˫ͫ˸룬İ֣·Щǰ㡣
Ŷӳ飬`һЦͷϵ˿öģӳ
ţʱȫ޾Ƹϲ֮У׷ǿʵ˵ͻ֮ã˷͡
Ա˵¾˷ʱ̡
`Ҳǣһ˫ɽĿվ΢΢ֻеȺǷչ棬ҪĽǮ
2400վô֣
һ⡣



1767 
ϲ2400վ˾ְɡֱַӿڡ
ôԣ`һ䣬ҡͷ
ıʱҲǻعвУֵܣôõ֡
ַЦһаܼ۱2400վֻ߲ͣõñǶܶˡΪʶַûڡ
ģϸ˵ڡСӡĲ
С`նʲôûֻȣմĹ׬ЩҪǾʵǮҪôˣԼƲԼ
˵û޹ַ壬ɫ֪㲻ȱǮֵܣ־Ͳǵˣһͬͬġ
簢޹˵˵ʵЩȫһõģܺȿѾˡ
аֻһаǼ㡣
ַ̫࣬Ҳİ
ַһۣٿص밴Сӹ֣
šҲԣҪһ£ַ֡
ٺһЦСӹط֣ǲǸӳ
⡭ַһʱ
˰壬յˣĲ`׵סַ壬ССӵĹأƻ˹أԺ̧ͷˣҲɣ
ǵѵģͽӳɡ
ַҲΡ
һſڣ죬ȥҲֻ˳Ŷӳ޹˼ˡ
а1000վ2400վܼ3400վַȡݰ˳ɣȡΪ2700վȥаٵ1700վ
`ƽ700վ
ܹƽ
ϾеıаʹָڣȫַһãҪĻ`ֵ뻹Ҫٴۡ
ڣÿ˷ֵó200վ˲主ԣ
ΪȺò200վľ޶
ڱǿѡݵ200վ㹻һˣʱͻƳΪǿߣھиܲ׵λ
ϲЦտı`ַΪǸˡ
΢΢ַ漴ȡ200վڱ`ǰ˽Ͷ޹أܾܾܲ˰ɡ
ӳаģ׬ǮһرɣַЦ
΢΢죬ȷʵˡ
ԴޣĻرҲģ200վʵǸĿ
ݱַܾ`޹֪Ը壬һҪǮǸտʼʱ200վҵһСС⣬԰ͶʣֻݽģȽǿʱٻҡ
`ӣַãлл
ûҪƴǣҶˣһͬܵսѡ
ԥһ£Ҳ200վϾ˵ȷǱʲСĿַ˵ֻǾţһë
ȥĿվַԼʣ1100վȻ׬硣
Ȼķʱ䣬˵ķ仹ǺͺܿɡַԲ˲һݣδľǲһںڶԲܴ
뿪ܹ߹վ߸ȴַ˳
ַˣм
λܹ֮й֮޲ԿΪԲᵡ֡
ܹܣȥɡֱַ˵
õģλ롣ܹҲŤ漴·

Ͼǰ˴еģչΧҲǲܱȣڷʮǳУ档
Ҳֹһ
ϵϵϵϵϵܼλѡֱܹӽַ˴һ֮У߸ߴˮϰڷȻͬ
λԪط̬ȫС
ۣ𾪣겻ѡ
ǵһμһίʵ𺧡
`ȴ򴽣޳Ľëһգ۾˭ҪûҪʸûҲûʵ
˵˴аõѾ㡣
̰ᣬûҪ
Уʸʵģַֻ塣
ʵȲַĿɨȷʵȴֱӹ
ÿһ۸ߵá
Լڿվв٣ʹȣө֮⣬̫ࡣ£ֻۣҪԼϲͿ£
ϵͰϵַĿֱ˹ȥ



1768 ɱ
ϵַ˵
ϵҲһ㣬ϾѾϵаַҪģǹϵаǷȱ
ܽһôܹܣַָǳɫհܹ¡
ܹܽŲŲַߣֵͨ֡800վмӵоŻݡ
ַͨ
ܹܽ͵ΪƷͨ׿ԽƷԽԽϡУ۸ҲԽ󡣾˵׿Խ֮ϻиƷ֪Ǽ١
ַͷ˽ࡣ
ԣַͨĿһɨ
ܹܵʵԾ˵ͨ;ûʲôֻʵǿ߲Ż׷
ַԣûо
ܹЦЦеģһУʵֻۣһΪ֮

ַԲܹܿһǰ;Ҳܹܿе֪ѶϢ˲ټʶ
ܹܱϾǷǵܹ£ʵ涼ǳ͡
ҵаַͨ岢⡣
ıͨռųɱԺ˵ǾҲ˿ͳˡ
ͨҲквõаһ൱۳1000վ
ԼԬ촢ָеõǼ۲500վ֮ǰ1000վĹܶࡣ
ַ岢ںЩСǮаջѾ̫ࡣ
ʵۡ
ӵʵͿ޼ɵشʮգ׬ٶû⣬ضܽ룬ʵǿߣ׬Ǯٶ൱ˡ
˵ǳбַ֮ʵ
ǵ֮ǷϵģԼòϡ
ܹܵͷҪһϵģ
ϵַ
ܹܳʥǺǸһ
лַ

ַǺܴģϾغսǼ磬аȫ෴ǡ⡯磬ޱŨĹ֮Դʶйϵܷӳǿս
Ǿ
ÿһһĲ࣬һּǮһֻ
ܹһᣬйһ󣬱`ЩҪƷ漴˱Ǹܹܣ뿪

ԣ¥
СͷĿdΪ׵ļӢС׼ȴﵽ
ǵɣ㹻ĵɭϵĳǳأǲĿŵĴɱΪɴɱҲһ뿪
ǲͬ
ͳϽĳǳأĳûС
ǰӰ֣ܹ߸ųĹ£ַ֡СͷĿḑ֣ʾ²Ҫ
ִҪľǹܷա
ˣǣͬΪ˴˭Ҳ˭֪Ĺأۼַ˱Ͷ˫ͫ޲һĨϲɫ
ʲô
ַ㹻Ŀվ
ͼһͬǮˣֻҪǮܳΪĹõǵͷ񣬻òƵλ
£ַ˱ˣ
ڼУִ֯ģֻܷһ֣ɱĿϵıȴԼУǴ
ʱø࣡
£ã
dǿ߿һǿߣǿߺǵǿߣǵĶ֣ǽַݣȫɱҲ׾١
ĵȴ
ܿ죬ܹܺͱַˣdһӣԥֱӱǴӴһԾٶȾˡ
֮ӢǿѸ
Ѹײڶ
¥ϣ̸Цǿ޲΢죬¶Ȼ֮ɫȫ֪ʲô˲䣬¥⿿λǿտҲ
ʱ
ಣಣಣ
ߵǿҵƿ֮dΪ׵ļӢСһΪԭƻɱַˣʮĬٶж֮ΧһƬȻ
ѿʼ
d񣬰׹ֱȡַ壬˵СӵмַӲԶǲɱַ壬ǣơ
ۺţֱȡ˷ͽսǿʺɱ͵ġ
պͰʲ`ƣǵȼʵȫѹҪɱ`Ѵ֮
̡ͬ͡ǵĴɱעѹƣԵʵѹƲ100%Һٷͱʡ
Ϊ⣬㹻ǿʵǱߣҲӭж⡣
һΣǴˡ
ش



1769 ǿ
ַ壬ɱɱӡ
ôаУַע⵽˼ڽǰѷֱ󣬸о
ûжܡ
׼ɱʱôܶûãصĺҲҵ㣬ڳһս
ĵˣΣա
һ¶ûô¡
ৣৣ
һ˲֮䣬ַѽս״̬ɫ֮ƣ֮Ƽͬʱȱ`ľţַ׼
֣ô¡

ǿҵ`󷽣ַеĺźâΧռʱ޾а֣ӿڰ֮Ƭ
аǣ
ȵȺսܷӺ
ǰdɫ΢΢һ䣬ΪСͷĿҲһܷ㹻ɱǿߣ
ֻ
dǰַݣ֯жûдĿֻǣƣɱȻܶ鷳
΢΢һԥdδʩչʩԿռ
߼ռ⣬ɢ
䣡
dʵǿߵǡ
ĿռɢƣɱĿ꣬ռ׵֮Уʱ㱻ĺڰ֮ͬаðſ⡣
ãdɴ۾֮󺧡
ǿҲȡʩչ߱һͯžҲӲͬǿߣǿߣǿУӵԶ
ôǿߣ
d֮ȴǰâкۣܼϺǵֱּСǿߡ
ʥصܫ
ַһ֣ʵһԲܱʵԼľӢСӣȻ˶ֻʵսԳǡ
ܸһ˿ᣡ
ߣԲСģͲһܱ`ȫ˺ԼͬǵʵֻҪܵ˺
ΪǰĶ̫ǿ
ַ߳߳׵籩Ĺ˲ɱǿߣӦ൱֮죬ף˲
һ׼ǳ`ĸǿߡ
һ˲䡪
~~ǰһɫâַ˫һݣɫǿռڪzϻ굶аʢǵӿа


ǿַҲˣ΢΢һ
ǿĹַ岻ϲǻЦݣֵȻǹ͵ֵƫߣ֮ǰԼ֪֮УܹеõٹϢ
ԽǿԽأ
ϧֻǿߡӿĺɫУͷŵĿռȫֱַͷʮֹ㣬ʮ޴dס
֮ģǸ߼ռ⡮ռ

ӣַһ㿴d뷨ϵıѸ֪ԼһУҺͺȻس֡
ƴµdһͷץ
ɫջصϣʩչ밵ĽĹâڰ׽˲¡ըƬʯ쾪
߳
аûdŹһɫ貣ַһǽɫ֮ϲɫԤиǿ
ǰĸǿķӴܣӲǵ
~~~
ֹţĵаĵǿӰشӣ޷ѣƴȫѡ
ѵ˲䣬ǵ֮ʱ
䣡䣡
ʵǿ󹥻ݿ࣬ȫѹǵʵdҪһ󼶣dַǰסУ˵ǡ
ľӢСӣǿ
չǣʵӵǿǿߣַһ׼
Լ塣
ֱӽشġǿļӢСȫûʱ̶ʮ룬ѽ
ৣ~
аɢ貺ڹһţ£ַ֮䣬Χ࣬ħ壬壬ǰһĻĿɿڴһС
ղŷʲô
ۻô
Ǹս׵꣬ս鵭Ȼ˼ƽ£Ƭѻȸʱ·ֹͣ
ɱһӼľӢ
һˣѵôɱһնɱ߸ǿߣ
ֲ̫
ʲôʵ
ǿߡȺУ૵֮һȻɴ۾



1770 
ĲֹΧΧ۵ķǾ񣬻б`£ǲŸոŪ׷ʲôľӢСӣɱǣ
ַ壬¹촦
߸ľӢǿߣκһ׵ɱǣ¡
촦ģȴǡ
ʵ`ѾǵһμַһΣһεսĿģҷ׳ʡ
Ŀ֮ϡ
ⳡɱ֮ս̶ʮѷֳʤĿࡣ
ৣৣৣ
ܿ죬ʮӰַǰΪ׵װͦӣܹܣһܵ
ǳ˼ˡܹܸǸΧڷǾ޲һ
ַǲʶܹڷǿǴȨһ涼ǿߣܹ£ڷǵλȻ¡
һϹϾ
תһ룬ھҲȻò˵Ȼδ֪ʵȴĿãһ֮նɱӢСӣվԴ޽ˣ
ǿߣ
ܹܶӦõô
ûϵº޹ءַ嵭Ȼ
ܹɫȻʼշǰҵȶҪһΣΪ©֮㣬ƲԷһ
ַ΢΢漴ӦС
ҲãԼҲһʡ
˱ܹһһĿķǾƣǱĴ֣겻ѡ
ҾȻǿˣ
ֹмӢСӣ߸ǿߣղſôĽ氡̫ţˣ
ΪжԭԱ׼ȫĴɱʧܣ˵ˣ确̡
ô˵ǴɱıϾǿߣôס
ǣǿѾԴ޶ǿˣʮ˶Ⱥûٸǿߡ
û˵ǿߡ
ûǺǿǿߣһܼ

ַ˵ȥڷºܴĻ죬һʯǧˣЩ޹أַ屾Ҳں
ⱱ`İΣ
鵽ôַܹܣߴʱɫǵģ֤ǼӵʮСӣСͷĿdͳĶ顣
ݿɿϢȷ䲼񣬴ɱ`
ǣ`
ַһأ
ܹҡͷڴɱϡ
ַһʼδ
ΪʲôǰҲ̫ƽˡ
`һ˵ʲôأѵҲɱ͹ƽô
һ飬ڨЦҲ˼
ܹܵĹǣڰ˴ȺǿߣǲӴɱ񡣡
`˲ʱȻĿⲻɴַ塣
Ҳǡַ
ܹܳǻϲȫһСģȱռȫ鱨֯жӻ򲻽ӣĳǿɱɱ
ַס
ԼսԴޣһгգʶδԼĴɱ񣬼ɵԼпɽ̨Ҫ鷳
Ⱥģǿ
`ЦЦʲôûǼɱ֡
˵̣ǿǼǽӹһ٣´أǵĴɱᱻɱ
ܹܵλ跳ģĴɱһִֻһΣǷɹҪִһδɱҪ·񡣡
ַüͷ΢
α겻αҲ˵ֻҪٷͬһô´μɱǰ
ǲɱԼɱ`
Լһֱˣ´ɱδǿߡδɱʧܣضԼʵϾһսĿԼʵѾȫ¶
һΣ潫ʰ
İɣ壬û¡ַ
ôԴ޴ôãףַܿĵģοֻҪھвҲҰ
ܹܵͷȷʵᡣ
ǼҲȥǿһȺ
ַҡҡͷ㻹кɿԣ
ЦҪʲôɣһ׬˾Ϳɽ֣һЩҪӣҵģʲôҲŲ֣
ַ΢΢һЦ
֪ǿοԼϣԼΪģɵľᰲϾһء
ңӣ޹أ
ɵ壬Բɵ壡



1771 
֪ܹôַܹܡ
ǵܹ£³ȴˮ©൱ḻ㣬һ̶ʱڱ㽫ȥǿ֪
󣬲ô
Ϊ˴еһ㼣鲼ƬԴޣеͬʱ顢綼Ϊġ
鱨磬൱֮ǿ
кܶࡣܹܴ
磿ַһ
ܹܳ򵥵ķǼ뼫İͲдɱˡ
ҲУַЦԷǡ
ܹܵɱ۵ҡ
ַͷҲ
ܹܵи鷳Ǿǰ˴г˼һרҵڴ˵Ĵɱ֯
̣
ַü
㱱`뼫İ䲼Ҳҡ̡Ըǣ̵ļ۸ߣɱҲǿ
ĸ˵񣬿ɶ񣡡᲻ѡ
ڶ塣`ڡ
ַš
ԣ90%
ֻȷǺڶһϾԼɱĺڶǿ̫ˡ
ܹܵһֱӽǿߣһ˰ˡ
ַҡͷǲ֪Է˭
ܲܰڶ˰ɣԼûʵ
ܹܵһҰĪڿ˵ȫܵġ
ôַ
ܹܵͷ򵥵һǼ˴֮һֻҪܳΪʽԱǼǴ̶ٽ񡣡
εɼ˴ײĳԱҲ塣
޷á
ϾһһǶȺͻʱô죿
`ֱӻشʥļᶨ뾫壬һУΪҪ뿪壬
С`ºԸ壬;
ַ΢΢еİ취Ȳ壬ܼ˴
ҲСܹӦ
ַʱһ
ܹܵУѣ巽ҪϸѯʣҲһ֪ЩضġģҿԸ֪λ
Ŀַ壬ܹٿصֻҪַԸҿ룬λΪԱҲ塣
ޣַһȻʧЦԣܹҪǻĿģ
ܹܵҲ̹ϵĺܣǵģǿߣκһ˴ǳӭֻҪϼ룬
ԣҲһҪ󣿡ַЦ
ܹܵȻгģǿṩѵõıҪһУ
ֻҪԸ󡣡
ʮ㣬ܹԴ䣬ʮֹ䡣
ֵܣûϵģΪô
`˸ҲȰǰ壬ԼͺãǵԼܴ
ַ
˵֮ǰȷû˴ΪһζҪΣⲻ˵һ򵥾µġ
ܶٵȨҪ
ûа׳Ե͡
һ㣬ַСѾ֪
ȷһ֮ȴñ`ڶģһպ˱ɱһӶھΡ
ûôַüͷ΢أʵ
ûеĻԼҲֻܼ롣
Ǻǻ˵壬·߲ɣԼûű`ɱ
ҲСܹܵܳʵδ̫رһҪַ󣬶ġרҵѾȨַԼ
ܳΪĸ߼ȻȻͻ󱣻֮ΪһԱܹܵӵܣź˴ģô
߼
Ҳۻ۱һڿվ
`ۻ۽ֻһǧվúԶ·򣬲ſܴһڿվ
˰塣`ļַΪô
ǰֵַܣΪѾˡҲȰ`˽ˣʲôԼ
˵ǷַѾܶࡣ
ΪǣַһЩԼ£˴ɥʧɻ壬ʵԸ
ٿء
ţ
ַһȻ
`ۻվ۵ȷ㣬ԼаڸոգɱΪ׵ǸdԼǵõô
ңǹϵ
һֵǮ
ৣ~ַ漴ȡɫʱ`޲ܹܸͫ¶֮ɫ
Z꾣



1772 ߼
һܱ׼ȷغ֣ͨ
ַ嵹ҲȣϾһʼ֪ļֵͨļ۸100վ2000վ֮䣬ļ۸1000վ2ڿվ֮䡣
۸ܹ
ΪͼӰĶЩ޷սа̫࣬ԡ
һǿߣƾ蹥ǿߡ
ղdδȫȻʵַ壬ɼd߾ȫޱһսĻԻ䣬ôҡ
Z꾡СַЦ
ܹܵͷ˫ͫžZ꾡ͷҲ̧ΪǴӲԴǮȥģԲܡ
ʱۣһٴ2ڿվıݡ
۸񣿡ַҲһ
ܹܵͷռ۸񣬻Щۡ
ַס
ۣʹֵ࣬Щ̧ۣЩǸ裬Щνӱƴ
һ˵ļ۸2ڿվ£Z꾡ǹԼ̫ǿ
dûӺðɡַĵ
ǿ벻ǿνΪԼòˣüǮ
ַܹ壬֪룬ˡֱԣ֪Ϲ󣬶չ۱֮ۼҪԵͣԡ
18000վֱַӱһ֡
Ա`Ŀɿڴ˵۸ѾԶԶˡ
Ҳľˣ֪ԼںַĲ࣬Ѿֹʵˡ
⡭ܹ¶Ϊ֮ɫַ֪˼18000ĽԲΪ9000Ȼӵ`ϣ˶Ϊĸ߼
ֻǣZ꾡ֵ18000վ
ãܹܲŵZ꾡ֻܳ17200վܱ߼ˡ
ԡַܹܣйâһа
ԬеõаѷɫԼаֻ475վ
ЩַһԵһ۷춴ǸղɱǿõıȻûеڶ۷춴ܼȴҲ١
ܿ죬ܹܱǵ
Щܼ1320վZ꾡һ18520վܹ˫Ҳϲɫ
ȻǺܴ󣬵ڿվĽҲǺܶࡣ
Ϊܹ£һȻû׬󣬵ҵȴ׬١
ɽַûĻ
ܹܵĸ;飬ҪԼġ
ܿ죬ܹܱԸȥһܴͬ`ܵΪ߼һȡ㹻վַɽס
ǰ߼롣ܹ˫ֹһƸ߼Ȼ޷ܵ߼Ȩ棬ƾκƷӵк͸߼ͬۿۡ
ַͷӹҲ⡣
˵Լ۵2ڿվ˱`ϣϾԼ۵ġԻ뷽跨סԼϾԼĴ͡
һԼһӣһҲԼѣϽ2ڵĿվȥ
һ棬ˣֶܹҲ൱
ûһ`˱˸߲ҵعеıʶѫ£ͨĳԱλҪһȡ
˴вĵĹ涨Ĭһ㲻Ҳɱ
˵ֻһĬһҪѭ˴Ҳǲ٣ͼ`ֻСԲΪȥ
ַ壬Ͳڼİɱ
£˽ˡ
Ⱥ˭Ҽֱ档ͷһ⡣
`ŪŻ£ַḩףлˣ壬󡣡
ַһЦÿ
־˼`˵ĸ߼ŷǱѰ壬۶⻹Ƕڣ൱ô1000վҪ
ø򵥵˵еȺиϵȺҪ̲
֮ǰҪãһסȺ
ڣóĸ߼ѫһϵȺɵ֣˵ϵȺˡ
ȻԱ`˵Ҫǡ
ǣҲõΣ
ܹܣַٴ뿪һٲõ¡ȻŸտţַ֮һݣɫ˲䡣
ৣৣৣ
Ӱ˷ʵĶǿߣвǿߣ֮ղżӢСӣǿһΣ



1773 úŪ
`Щסˡ
߼˼δȫתұʵޣһȺǿͻʱȻ
ַѡ
ûаҡ
ΪЩǿûκɱ⣬Ǻͼ֧СӲͬ
аʮߵĳ󺺣лѩ׵ŮӣҲİˣÿһǰѫ±ʶɫεľһ貵ǳһԲܼںϣڶ
ǵĳ֣ΧһƬ
ֻأ
΢¥

ҵ˴ǿôˣ
ģǰ˴ǿߡ
Ҳֻа˴׾ٵɳǿߵǿЦݣĿˢˢͶַ壬ȻͬĿġ
ã΢¥ߡסܸʶ㡣һ̤ǰһ΢Ц
ַ塣գַԲǧ֮⡣
ǰӣǲ۲۵ǿߣ΢¥һԱ
ѩѩ׵ŮӴűϢƳ˸һۣ΢ѩ׵Ĳӣһֻ졣
ֻأʯʮߵĳ󺺣һǺ

ǿ߷׷׽ܣ˴⣬ǿӶ֯ʮ˶ȺҲǺȷ£
ûв͸ǽ˵ַղŵսڴ֮ϡ
̶˲Ѵǣ˾֪
ӦԲ֮ǲԱǿǿߣ˴һǡǿߣǿһϣ
ΪǿߣλԴ޵Ľϲ㡣
Դ˲űǿҲǼСһ֣˵ַᣬδлǿߣǿߣ
лҺ⣬ʱκллַ룬ԭûмκĴ㣬ǿ˴
ϾʲôȱҲҪɽ
ȻһɣȥȥʲôʲôûҪΪԼϼ
һƬϧ֮
˴ôܾˣ
˼ҶҲһ¡
̫Ըˣ֪˴ǿôôõĻᾹȻˡ
У˼ҺǿɲͬûʲôˣҪ룬˴֮͵˹Ҹҵã
ǣʲôĸǿûǿ߿ⴳʮ֮أ׬վҪ̫ɡ
Ľˡ
Ľʺ޵ĿУַﳤȥ˴пϧҲ޷ǿҪһǿ߼룬Ͳ׵¡
ַ𱱽`뿪ǡ
ÿ˶иԵĿǲᣬҪֿ`֪ԼʵǺַһѣֻ֪ԽԽæϺȡ
ΪǺַ壬Ѿͬһ֮ϡ
ʥǣճǡַ̤봫뿪ǡ
ǳأͷһλʮǳ֮һģʢе֮ΪϵľַĿġ
롣ʥǵĺܹһѾյ֪ͨϹϾſӭӣǵʥǾ첻ѣ׷ţĸݹ١
һꣿ
ʲôúδܹԹӭ
ݿ϶򵥣ʶʶύһ¾ͺˣ
ˡ
źܹܣַܿ
һɢŰɫǰַ֮󶯡ͨ崿ףûһ˿ʣµİ㡣
ʮּһ׳ҲʮףϸСǾɫâģȴǾµĹ֮ԴԼ
֮
޹󣬹ϵܹ̹ܴ֮ܽܵʮ֮һ٣Թ֮߿ɽӽ١
ֻһôַȵ
ֻܹܵһֹãʤʵã룬ʮ֮һ٣൱ڹ֮򵽽ԲԹ֮Խӽ٣
ν׷٣
̽У޹ܷǿЧ
ַҡҡͷ
ܹܴԲӣʮ֮һٲ죬κһ֮Բ߶ܴﵽ۷Ҳܴﵽ
֮Բܴﵽ1١
֮ߣҲδصﲻʮ֮һ٣ϵϵܱͬٶȣҲϵ޷֮Դ
֮֮츳ǿ˵൱á
ǿߣ̫١
ַһѪֱӵ޹ӡ
ܹܿЦһһʱ䲻֪ôӻΪַ˵ĶʵǰȻᣬһҲúŪ



1774 ǧɢȥ
ó֮֮Դȴó֮
ַԣ̫֮Ͼкܴͨԣ֮Դ֮ٶЩͨ
ܵ˵޹ǺܲģϾƷʡ
ַڵʵܴﵽʮ֮һ٣޹󣬾ͿԽӽ٣Σķд򲻹ӡ
ѹۻǵѹһ¡
˵ڿվ٣Ǯû˻Ӷࡣ
ܹҲַ廣һһ㶣ԭ5000վ޹ϸ߼ۿۣӲǼȥĳɣ3000վɽ
ߡܹ΢Цַ壬˵޹ļǮô⣬ϾҲаڷôãҲû򣬵˳ˮ顣
3000վֽչ౦ô㶼
ܹܲδע⵽ַȥʱвŵЦݡ
һôô٣
޹󣬼Ǯܵ˾ڵļ£1ڿվȴܲˡַе޹󣬺⡣
޹󣬲Ƿб
ż޹ַ뿪ʥǣǰճǣͬһϵľʥ޹ͬʥʵۣܿԡ
۸൱֮ߡ
۶˽12000վַ˵ֵãڿվ㹻࣬һͻһ㣬Ҳν
Ȳϲֱӹ
ٵ㷱ٵ㾺ٵʱ˷ѡ
뿪ճǣַ漴ʮǳأѰͨͨļ۸࣬һ㶼1000վ
һףһԹĿռַпվһɶ
ǧɢȥַ岢⡣
Լն2ڿվһͬԣֻҪʵ㹻ǿΣֵ磬ΣնȶλԵȫ׼
£
ĸ߼൱ãȻֻǰ߼㹻Լˡ
ϾԼҪֻʱһ¡
ֻϧսַĴű֮Уֻһϵľսۼ۸ߴ23000վԼԤڡ
ߵȼǲһЩ
ڲʥ֮սԺڰпƣӡ
ңֻһսҵʵҲޡ
ַԼԣΨǹ밵ͬӣսŶࡣ
Խƽ⣬ԽԽ࣡

뿪ַ漴ǰ߾
ʮǳе߾Էͨǳȣֹ࣬սǼҲߣʵİҲ
Ȼַ岻ֻΪսȥ
Ŀǡҡ
սңǧսңЩ򲻵ģֻ߾лʤܻãǧս൱󣬿
عʵż¼ǴֿɵãȻԸ

Դޣһɽ֮Уƣˣ졣Ƭɾ֮УԴް˴֮һļ
ָɽӴͷĿաҧгݣͷǺߡ
һ϶ûУͷĿŭĿȫְɫ罽ͭǿ׳һĳβһħݺᣬɲ
ֻ֪ڰ˴СͷĿ
Ϊ壿˫ͫѪԡ
ӦߡСͷĿٵ
üͷ壬ͫһʲôЦʵ
⡭¾Ͳ֪ˡСͷĿŵ
ϵħһһɢ㤵Ϣ˫һɺĹâһӣȥ
ǣˡСͷĿŸˡ
Уֻʣ´ͷĿպߺ췢Ůӣһ˫ѪɫͫǱߣžɱ⣬·𶼿ҧ顣
һҪΪܱ𣡡췢Ůӽţͷږؿڣͣ
İɣˡմḧ췢Ůӵ㷢ոպһͷŭҰޣʱüΪ˳оǳ硣
һὫСʬΣ찢d
㲻õģúϢɡ
飬ΪͷĿħ峬ǿߣ֪ԷˡMһһ⣬мӣӲ黨ǲݡ
񣬷Mdɱ޳ˣǸͬܣŭѡ
Ȼ֯֯ĹأҲ
Լ˱ɱˣôˣ
ʲôЦ
ǿߣк¶ںǼӵĶӳ޾Ԫǿϣ֮
ǿУ޵дڣ
ͬǿߣʵܲԶ
ɱҵˣô׾ˣˣ

ŭɡ
УַѾǸˡ



1775 ͷ
׳ǡ
ƿصĳǳأΡǳɭģ֮ʮǳжǶ⣬ʮ˶Ⱥеĵλһ
̤~
ַ׳Ǵ첽Ŀɨ
ɡַ΢΢Ц
֮ѡΪ߾оŲ㡣
ߵľŲ¥
ǣճǣʥڣ߾ֻа˲㣬Ψ׳оŲ㣬Ȼ㲢ľ
ǿߵսսģַ̌ͷʵ׳߾о̤С
Χ׳ǵǿߣǳĽǿߡ
ÿһ㣬Ϊ
ÿÿӭһ˰һ۷춴ɫļ߰ͷ­Ǽǣǿơ
֮ǿ߷׷ÿ
ΪǾ˵ǰǶǰ׽£൱֮ߡ
߾Ļ¹֡
ͭ׽ꡣ
ͭ£ǹͭ׶Σʮʤɻ£ʤɻð׽£ǧʤɻ¡
Ǿ˵İ׽£ζɹʤǿѾٮٮˡ
ʲôŵģûô
ǣҪŵǾУòõõ»Ǹʺء
û취߾Ĭصģһ׽µģǼһΣȻôõǧսҡ
ַͨУɫȻ
źаԵǾˣֻ΢΢һ߶УԲǾǾˣֻνĳͻûҪֻΪң˶ѡ
սңʳʡ
ǧսңʳռӦ
ߣв׹á
򵽣ַһˣ߾У򲻵ʶֻܴ߾ãڲżǰȥ硣
ثࡣǾĿбַ壬ãڽһٿؽһǾ͵һģˤڵء
ôͻǱģҲһЦ
˭ĸ˵ģҳǱǾ˷ŭ¿ַͷҲصֱ뿪Ǿˡ
ǼǱַ彫ͭ½Ա
Сʱ277ų̋ԱͷҲֱ̧ӱǵǼǺá
ַͷ

ַڶ߾һζһ£ս٣ʼ޷ʮսΪʱʵֻͨǿߡ
ڡ
ѽȡ
һҡַԣкܶңָĶУҪṩμӾսΪϢá
ΪÿսһСʱСʱȻйõңսѡеϢң߲ϲ
ңʮ1վԱ۸
õġֱַӴϡ
Ա㶣̧ͷ΢΢Щ죬漴صңÿ100վʮ900վ8000վ
ȶһꡣַȡվ̨ϡ
վһѳֹΧһ꾪ԱҲǲѣžַ壬׷ײ²
ǿߣٻҡ
ԿףԱ˫ֵԲҵַү
ַӹԿףһ˵ۼʵĿУȥ
Ҫ߾׬ȡǧսңҲ򵥡
˵ѵʵսʱ䣬ÿƽʮҪһǧҲҪʮ죬ԽߣȴʱԽ
õǧսңҪҡ
Уʱ䶼ڵȴȻҪһңַɲЩʱ˷ˡ
ɵǼǣңַ漴Ĵйһ£Ӧ
ܿ죬һս㿪ʼ
~~~
ַһֱһĶҲһ㶣ȴַһǸմҳһûаװҲûС
ʲô
ͷ
ȷҪٲԱüʵ
Уַ巴ʡ
ٲԱƳַһۣһ䡮㡯˿
ַһЦ⡣
ʵһװѶܴͨܲһ̫ҡûƶܰŸ
˵ˣͶǿսװô
û
ΪûҪ
ַ˵ʮսҲãǧսҲãֻǸʽ߾ذǱߣ޷ȡɣֻһ
öǾİսҺǧսңǾǾ
ø顣
͵ǰķˡַЦЦԼĶ֣۰Ͱ͵ضԼдżɻͼɵȸȸԡ
ʼٲԱս漴



1776 ÷
װX
Ƕǹͭôʵǿǿȥ
⸱Уء
ϯϣһﳰ
Ҳ֪һߣʵǿ޿֣Ȼ룬۾ûգ£սǽ
ʵ̫࣬
ַĶᣬһʲô֪תرѾˡ
ڶĳ
ÿһһģһַѪе£ָǿߺǿߣʵ֮𣬸һΡ
תۣѵʮսһ
ַĶǿߣַûҲûðɡôȴһˡô
벻̣
ǿȫԸһʼűȫ
һ롪

սǽ
ǿߵɴ۾ŸղŷһС
ôģ
ַѱȵʮսһν׳ǵĵһ죬ɡΧһƬַҲ⣬뿪̨
ȡµĻ£
ַܿ쿪һսս
ʮսҪѵö࣬ս޲ǶǼٮٮߣЩʵ
ַȻˡ
һֿȭ˼ɱˣɱһ֮СΧĹڴѾĬֱȻľ
ʮʤ
ʮʤ
ʮʤ
սһ֣ǰ׽ǿߡ
׼ô
š
ٲԱͷַ֣õ϶֮漴ʼΧһƬף˷ޱȣȴϲսһ
Ϊǳҡ
һΣȴʧˡ
ֻǸֻƽƽػһȭ㽫ǰ׽ǿߴѪˣ̳һ룬ѽ
оͺǡһ㡣

ιˣǻɣİս
ǣ̫ˣƭǮɣ
߾ڣʶעǺġ
£Ǯ޲ܻŭѡԣҪô١ô׽ǿߣһȭͻˣƭ˭أ
һʱ䣬һƬ
ַԲô࣬õٲԱо󣬱ȥڵѪİ׽ǿߣһñλ졣
˻Ҫ˵ˣǻƭǮ
Ҳ䰡
УһȭôѾıһȭԣ
һôֲ̫ˡַȥıӰ׽ǿֻ﷢ëѹԵֱ࣬ħ񻹿ֲ
У϶ǿҲûй
ǧս׾Ӯ°ɡ׽ǿ૵һ飬ֵǿΪս
µĶ֡
÷

߾ڣһ硣
Դͷַ塣
ûκα࣬ɨƬǾ޿ƥСʱھŲ㣬߾У׳Ǿڶǻš
ʵ
û߲ǿ
һҲ̫ˣʵǵľ
԰ȻŶǵͷȥ΢¥֤ʵңʧٻͲƸ
ʲô˶Уˡ
Ҳѹڹ
Դޣʲô͵ȼҹҪǿҪȽ񣬿Ķ΢¥ѫ£ȼ
жǿʵܻöԴͻ
Ǻǣ̫ˡ
һ˵ֻҪʵ㹻һȥ΢¥֤ʵ߻ΪһŰսҵĻԵ
Ҫȡعʵǡ
ǿʵģսȻЧףعʵһʡûҪ˷ѱʱ䣬ֻΪôһعʵ
òʧ
Ȼ߾˰սҺǧս֮⣬ĳҲǲ
ҲкܶһΪ˳ͣʵһǵʵ֮ǰǾˣʵʵǣǶǡ
ַҲûУɽֵǿͽܣ
߾˵Ǽֲ֣ܶ룬㻰⣬ôĲһŰսңһǧսҶѡ
ܵ˵Ǻ׬
Ҳֵַϻʱ׳Ƕ´̣Ϣúܿ졣ʱ߾ӿ˾ͻԽ࣬ⲩʶĽܴ׬һʡ
ҲʹǾɣһŰսңǻ𡣡
ùһ⣬ںͲĺ棬ҷһοչ
߾Ѿγһȶϵ
ڹ²̫ĸֱӽַ⡮СС¼֮Ժ󣬵ȫ벻ַķ粨²Ÿոտʼ



1777 ѹ
ʤʤʤ
ַʤ·ԽԽԶ׳ǵĶǾ۷׷ף׳˲СĻ⣬ϾַӮ൱ҡ
սףñÿսɱȫں˭ʵΡ
һɫġ
أ
һȭ
ܵ޲һ±ƣֻ֪֣ȴ㲻סһ׽ǿһͿأ޴档
İܱȷʵôһ㶪
ҲֻǸտʼԼΨһһҲͲôںˣϾֵʵѾȻĿ
һʵĶ֣ʲôģ
Űʤ
ֱַǧʤķʮ죬ٶ൱֮졣
ڵھŰ˳Уһһ֮ԵĶ֡
뾺ʱŰǾˣ׽ǿߡ
Ȼײˡַ岢⣬ǧʤĶսһ˵ֶظģ׳󣬰׽ǿҲܶ࣬඼ھ
Ǿھײ¡
Щ졣Ǿ˶ַ忴ãЩӡȴ벻
ʱ棬㻹ˤһӡַЦŶǾ˵ءѡһ£ͫʱɴ
Ͼ¶˵
ģǾŭ
źߡַ岢ϡ
Ǿ˳裬ԼҲýѵ
Ǿ˻ðɣ¶ȭͷ߷ָҧгݣһ߹ǣ
ޣʺһ࣡
ַɫȻ
ʱٲԱǰһѯʡ
׼ˡַǾȺͷʱٲԱһ£ǾŭȫѪǣ巢ƵĳֹŹɫ
һ롪

Сػ
Ǿ˵ɴͭ۾ſȴֲļֱ͹
ϣ~
һ߹ѣǾ˻ĵڵأѪ¡һ˲ַѳڰգ˫ȭֱӺ
ÿһκõǾ˲Һѣˡ
ͣͣٲԱѸٳ֣ʤѷ֣ٴȥֻǾҪɱǵصȭӰ٣õٲԱ֮Ȼ
ϳһԲζƣ˲䱻飬ٲԱ£˶ȭͷǺ
ˣٲԱôҲû뵽Լ
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ôǶǿߣķȴһжӲ¡
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ϯѻȸ޲Ǳַʵ𾪣ָĶսǼöˣû߰ٲԱ
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ٲԱǶǿ߰Ǿǰǿߣǰǰȴǲһ
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㶣һ漴Ҳûʲôŭ⣬ֻеССΣַܿʤ
ΧһƬκ
˶Ϊַʵе𾪡
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ɣѵʵٲԱδȻַ壬Բַֻʵǿߵȷܻôɡ
Ҳǡַҡҡͷ
ٲԱЩˣƭҵİɣ
ûƭ㡣ַٲԱ߲£ǿߡ԰գҲѾʯٲԱַȥ
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ǺǣǺǡʲôЦãٲԱǳ鶯£ҡͷȥ
ַˣء

һ
ַǿߣͬͨǧʤĶǳǿߣʵǿѾӵǶʵַǰȻ鶹һ㡣

һ顣
һܣʮ죬ַɹɶǾĵǶ°սҺǧսң˵ķѵĽһЩʱ䡣
ÿʱһ߾Ȼ֪ͨ
ֻҪﳡأȻһȭսͽʮ˵ս˵һЩʱַ嶼ڵоϡ
ϾҪʱ䣬ʱ򣬲ʺƬʱ䡣
սңǧսҡַžӨεңԥʳ£߾Ŀڡ
~~
ůֱӿڣַ˫ͫ
ӴϢշתȫԴǽӿǣɫǿĿռռ츳
壬ڲ仯ӽޡ



1778 ̫Ҫˣ
~~ַܿա
һεգЧģǧսҶԼøѣΪԼѾ㹻ǿʶսҵЧô
ǧսռӦ츳ġ
عʵǺܺģعʵô㷺һǣַоԼĺɫһΡ
öַȡž
ռӦǺҪ츳ռӦԽǿռԽɣ۾һܿĸ࣬
ҪǣҪͻƺƿռ䷨ܹؼ
ңԼĺɫյ÷ǳ١
ǧսҶҵѪвٰ֮ƺͰ֮ƣַںɫи棬ΪأҪ˿ڹ֮밵֮ƣϾ߶ҪΪн飬ܷܡ
ɫԽǿԽڹ֮ƺͰ֮ơ
ַա
뿪ңһвڶǾУʱΧĿȻͬݣʣĽȵȣ顣
ʵǣԼˡ
һսǧս
˶ǺʵģǿʱȻࡣ
ַ岢ںܿڹԱȡ£뿪
ǰ΢¥
ַ˳μǿߵĿˣ˵Ѷȵ͵ٵͣ赭дر˿ˣֱ΢¥ԵһȻ
ַʵǿߵĿ֤Ҳû⡣
¶õսҺǧսңûлǧսַȤֵʱȥá
תսǾ
ַܿһµ𶯡
ǲǶǾôַ壡
ףôˣ
ĸǿûʵ϶΢¥֤ʵȻǾս
õǵЩϲĶôǾ֪ôд
ǿЩмЩ
ǿǿҲûʲô˲ģһʵ֮Խ
ܿ죬ַ㽫ȫ
䣡䣡䣡
һʮսַȡѫ£׾ʤսֱȡǧս޲Ϊַǿ𾪣Ϊַ弸ȫûб仯
Ȼһףûб
ȻһȭµУӽĻᶼûС
ʵ
ʲôЦ
䣡ַԾԵʵǾ̶̾ʮһ죬ٴλǧսңǾڵһƬǿ߱˸飬Ҳ̶á
˵Ļڸͷ
Ǿû죬ַ㿪ʼתսǾʮʤʤٵǧʤûһǿ赲ַĽŲȫ顣
һʱ䣬ַ֮ڶ
һʵжǿ
ˣ˵ѾսǾˡ
ЦɣǾǿһǱ̬
ڻб̬
ȷûС
ַԾԵʵ֤ԼǿǾ޵еġһûдȻȻһȴ۷춴ա
ǿߣǰ׽𼶱ǿߣʵѾʵ


߾ھŲ㣬
ڹۣɫЩѿȴַķ粨ʵ̫󣬶̶̲һʱ䣬Űսңǧսң
߾ܿ
̫ˡ
ǰСҲ̫˰ɣʵƫƫװˣɶ񣡡
ǧսҶùˣҵҲ̶ãŰɡ
ΪСӣɺް
ڹ᲻ѡ
ˣȴҲַû취˼ȫߣûŹǿĶȥѻַ壬һȫʧܡ
յõϢͨսˡ
ǰսҲˣһﾹȻʵҲ
̫ˣ
һǿߣڶǾˣ
ڹѾӵǿ̫߰Ҫˣ
ҪҪɸǿȥѵ
Ҿÿԡ
ǿԣһѵǵǿô죿
ڹЩ¡
Ϊֱڣǻַĵϸʵ
һ֪ǴðĹף
Ӧòǿ߰ɣ
˭֪һǰǻ˵ֻǿߣȥڣôճ
ˣֱֻһѵս׶û룬ֻʵô󵨣ôţ
ڹˡ
ַǿѾԶԶǵԤơ
ôˣ
ǰôˣ棬̫ˣ
ôóɣ
һЩ̨
ٿأ¡¡һŨü۵ӵžӴƣڹʱ񣺡ˡ
Ѿϧһдַۣ塣
ڹȻѡ
Ȼ֪˭߾ߣͳ죡
ַ壡



1779 ߾ĳ
ʱ䣬ַĺ̤ʵ
㾺󣬶Կǿֱ׽ǿÿһǼʵĥٺò
սַоԼʵȲ
սġ
ǰսĶ֣ÿһǺ۾õƴȫǵı£ַĵ൱Ѹ١
ϵһ
ϵʥصѲҪ100%ľʤϵܫĿǰ100%Բһ󲽡
ս
ս
ַ߾ƽ򵥣֪սۻʤӭǧʤǰӭ߾Ĺ¡
߾ַ΢΢һЦԷǡ
֮ǰڷʱ˴ۼԼ߾ڡ

ǵģĺг⣬ǿṩõõġ߾ϲӣдż԰
߾˭룿
ƽĸϢ֮ͣϲѣΡ
ˣллֱַӴϣżֵȻ漴һҵĴǱϣ´Ȼ߾£۾ɵùԲ
˸Ÿ
ô
⣬⣡߾ҧֱ£Ӹλǵһ£ȫӡ
ȥǡ
꣬ǡϧһдģ
¾ôԸãôܾãȻҪЦȥ˼ҵƨɡ
ûȤ
˵ûȤ
лл
ٶ˵ˡ
ַһδεؾܾ߾ȻĥӲݣϰݣְҵ൱áַҲΣǵһģӲһʱҲЩΪѡ
˵ɡַε
߾¶ȻЦݣƲܹ롣
·ַͷ
һҲã˵ʡ鷳һֱһһ쵽˵س֣԰
ܿ죬߾£ֱַ϶㡣
ŲׯϣʥΨһŨü۵ӱ˫֣΢ЦվԼӭ
СֵܣɰˡˬʶЦ
ܹܡַ΢΢ͷк
ǰӣ׳߾Ĵܹܣλ൱ԺգԼİ˴ǿߣȴûһȵǰӡ
ݻʵ
ϢǿԳԼһأǶʵΡڵλ˵׳ǣ˭øֱ档
ФܹܣФ֡
Сֵܣ롣Фܹʮֿ
˽߾Ȼ׼ȫַдмӣֱĸоַЩ˼
СֵǲǺܺ棬Ϊһ٣ٶҪ㣿Фܹ΢Ц
ַţ΢ЦǿߣҲû߾˿ء
ʵѾûʲô߾Լݵ̬ѰԼĵ׷˸飬Լڷǵ±ͲܣҲδ߾Ҫ֪ѡ
Фܹףϡ
Сֵ֪ܿºΣգФܹٿص
ޣַ
Фܹ豭һڣ漴£Ѿ׼Ը㡣
ַüͷ΢΢һ塣
ǵӵĴͷĿգ޵ǿߡФָܹö棬˫ͫ׳֮УֻҪһ뿪׳ǣͻᶯ֡
޵У
ַɫһЩФܹܵԲ˵ЩΣĻֻһβδͨԼΪһΡ
ˣַ˲ʱȻ
һμǲԸԼֻδԼĵϸ֪ԼǷ˴Ⱥˣһۺ󣬸ԼȻûгɹһ֤ʵԼݡ
Լǲڰ˴Ķǿߣ
һΣû㣬ڶǮ
һɱ˼ӣʮСӵСͷĿdİ㡮MʵǿᣬΪǶǿߣǵӴͷĿաӡ
գ۰мӡ
ФܹܻȻ䣬򵥵ȫ
ݹȫ֣һз·ա
ַü
ɱĴ̿ͣ¹ȻˡФܹԣȡ˽Թ򵥣Լ˴ֻҲ
Ǵð
˴һ㼫ѵıиɻ
СֵܲôࡣФָܹᵯ棬˫΢ЦֻҪһ仰ձ֪ʧ
Դ



1780 ֮ŵԿ
ַһ
Фܹܵ飬Ȼ˵Цġ
߾ҲȷʵʵǶǿߡ
Ϊʲô
ԼһǿߣǱֵ߾˴󶯸ɸ꣬˴Ǳڲˣɱһ޵ǿߣ
ǱϾǼĴͷĿ
ɱ˖գƻ׷鵽ף߾ֶټѣҲѱ°ۼһ׷鵽п뼫϶
ֻΪԼֵã
ܸԭôֱַФܹܣǳ档
ԼҲԼֵ߾ӡ
Фܹܵ˵ָ֮ϣĿ棺ǡϣܼ߾
ַ
Фܹ΢Цǰ˴ˣʶ֪ܲһͳƣվԴ޶˵ǿߣԴ޵ʵ˵Ǿǿߡ
ԴģǾǿߡ
߾ߡ
ַȻˡ
ȻǾǿҪԼ
ԼǿߣǿߣߵעɡվԽߣԽԶַ֪ʵʲô
ԶĲ˵׳ǵ߾Ǿ
ԼʵǾ޵УǾֻǺɨǾͨͨԼ벻ͨΪʲô߻ῴԼ
ѵΪͽַȻʧЦ
Фܹʼ磬ϣֻǷ£ֻҪСֵԸ룬ҪʲôֱᣬǶ취㡣
൱
ַҲǶġ
ФܹٲȻǰѻ˵ˣ˼ѾȷֻҪ߾һж˵ҪʲôҪʲôʲôҪġ
Ҫ㡣
Ҫعʵ㡣
ҪλƴܹҲܵ
ڰȫõģǸʲôգԼӦһ̣ͻ˼
ң³ŵ
ֻҪԸ룬һ֮ŵԿס
ФܹȻᵭַȴóصһĽĿȥ俴ʲôȻôĶţЦݿ䣬еĳȴƭˡ
֮ŵԿףʲôַܺ档
ФֻܹܵҪ֪ǰǿߣҲΪ֮ŵԿԴÿһԿ׶󣬷ǳڲ֮ǰһԿףֵ10ڿվ
ַ֮һ
10ڿվ
еַۣ겻ѡ
Фܹܾû˵ԼҲʡ
Ӧ߾ܣǰ˴пܸ˴ȺԴйأԼ룬Ȼ֡²Լ
Ҫ߾
̫ˣַзֹɻκһǿ߶Ȳ룬Լϡ
ʵЩ˵ĸо
߾һ޴ҡԼǲһж⣬ԼܾЩڹζ
һͷˮĸоܲ
Ե³·ԼϣѾǷǴķ
ϲڱ
߾Լôһңʮ֮˾ҲܴԼȡ㹻ֵ棬ֻԼվòߣ
ȻҲǺȡ衣
Լϲ˵Ĳϲ
ôСֵܣФܹ΢ЦڣǺôҸҵ˴Ǿٲеڶҡ
ҿܿܿ㣬ΪͽĪĻԵ
֮ŵԿף
Фܹ˫ָͫ棺ţ߾аһס
УЩ̵ƽ
ַãФܹܣ쿪ڣ˼ʱһûмκ뷨
Фܹоâ˸ַ壬żֺ죬漴ȻһЦͷõģľ
л

ַ壬ܾ߾
̫죬ȻܿΪɥʧûᣬֱӦþܾҐޣַƫ뷨Եľ
ܾ;ʲôˡ
û߾Լһʵһúúõġ
һʲôаڶĴ󣬾һԼˣʵѵһǶǿߣ
ɱң
˭֪ء
ַ岻ں
һʵɱãþĥ˼Ͳε־ҪǾǿҪȡɵһ¡
Ƕʲô
һ֣͵һĥ¡
ַĥФ̸ܹܵɣȴԼ۽ͼʶҪվԴۣ֮Լкܳһ·Ҫߡ
֮ŵԿסʲô
ַܺ档
ǿߣΪԴ



1781 ʤ¼
ǧʤ
߾δӰ쵽ַ塣
ܿǾĵǶ˵£ܺϵĶֶǶʵȻݿ࣬Ʋɵ

߾˽δй¶ַӶǾʼֱǾսȴʵʵġ
ڼ䣬вҪַ壬Ժ߾ȣַȫܾˡ
ǰ΢¥֤ǵȼ
ַȷ֪˖հпҪɱԼϢ׳ǲǷǣǖջһеض֣Ȼ׳Լǰȫġ
壬ǿЦġ
ʮ˶ȺһǿȺиаǿߣȺãΪ˴֮һҲΪһȥ塣
ǣ
ַһ΢¥ַ忼˵ǿߣδַռˣַĿռ൱֮ǿ
ǧսңȻסַԣǧսҵԶʤսҡ
Ŀռ˱ɫвҲǿĺɫвռǿʹ֮ƺ͹֮Ƹȶ
ҪںϣɫҪ
ɫԽǿںԽȶѪĹؼ
ȷɫϹ֮ƺͰ֮ơ
һͳ˧ɻȱ

̬Ǿˣ
֪ǰѾɰʤˡ
Ҳ̫˰ɣĥһԪŸɰʤż찡
һôʲô츳˼ʲô츳
ǣַ츳˴ͷ­ˣôȰ
ַĵǾ
ţﶼǱĿ
Ѹٴʤð׽ǻ£ַ֮߾һʡǿǿ˵ģһʤɵġ
ӶǾʼڣѾ4000ʤ
Ѵ˾ʤ¼ˢţÿһдĽǰۿĿܺߵһöʤֹͣ
ӣ߾Ϊй
4500ʤɣ
ô࣬׽ǿ߼ÿһʵҪ4500ʤǶʵ
ҿֹܿ4200ʤ
˵û
׽ǿߣַܴѹȫװʵӵ£ÿһǶսӮһףԽԽѡ
ϣﬣ
ַ˫չһǺһãȻͬ׵ںһ𣬷ӳܣ֮Ԫ밵֮Ԫصںϣ֮ըʮ㡣
ȣ
ڪzϻ굶â¶սâУ޾һ㣬Ƶ֮ϣ¶â뵱ˡ
䣡
ֵַսձͻȻܳǼ䣬սϹ֮ƣ䳡ݺᣬɲǼ
ܫУ⣡
95%
ʥص95%裬ԶԶһ100%ĵʵȾ˹Ȼ
ʮʤ
ַʵȲ
һδεĴĥ£ܫ⡯ҲǽһǿߵѪսܻúܶණ
ʤİʤ
ÿһǿʵȲַûͣ²⼸ٳƾеսࡣ
ڵʵӦѾǿż
Щ߾ûаװ˷ѡ
ŰսңĿǧսңӰ˵ĸعʵʵһ΢ٳɶࡣ
ʤ
ǧʤѹ롣
4500ʤ
ַһʵжʵǿߣ㹻Ӧս߾û˾ѻַ壬ΪҲַ֪ʤ֮ռսᡣ
ʱַʵѲܡ
ż֮ͨ䡣
ʵڰ׽ǿвǿҪǾеǶҪǶʵڵַûС
ԣˡ
չʤַˡ
֮Уе֮⣬4600ʤսѾ߾ʤ¼˵ߣںܳһʱ¼ѱԽ
ˡַûа㲻졣
ȻһƬϧ֮Լ֪Լ£ǾʤѾǳӣʤս㣬ۻûҪˡ
ϾƾڵʵǾǧʤõǧսҡ
ңĿǧսҲˡַ⣬ǧսҺعʵһʳڶЧͼ룬ĿţЧֻеһŲһɡ
õţЧҲʮһ
ԼûҪ˷ʱ
ʱ򣬸뿪ˡ
ûһˡַշȻһЦûа⣬ҡ



1782 ɽ
Դޣһɽ֮Уƣˡ
ָɽУӴͷĿաͭעӴ壬һħƽɢһ͹һ͹ըһ㣬̲Ũڰ֮
ħ壬Ƕǿߣ
ħӵн֮Ѫ츳ѪǷ޼᲻ݣҾͨڰ֮
ȺԴʵܶ࣬λʮ˶ȺΪ۷ʵϡ٣ʵϖħѾһȺһ䡣
ڿϳˡҶɢĳβžžĶŵ棬ô𵴲ѡ
ɱMһͷ췢ƮѪͫǳޡ
ӦҺϢˡ
ҪһȥMҧܵĿҪΪгˣ
⡭üͷЩԥ
MİɷҲģҲô
ϾǿߡջЩǣַʵĿãٲʲôܣMֻǶǿߣһȡ
MӣҧƣʺĳƮݣ˫հֱץŖյֱۣɿ
ðɣûҵ㲻ҪˡӦС
ţס

ɽ׹ҫŨԣûкҹвʱư𵴣ϸ΢ĳӰǡ
ѾܽӽԴ޵ĺĵش
ǿռԪأԴ޶һһģ޾ɽУǱڣͨ硣
磬ϳΪ֮һ
Դڤ磬ĵλȻңλУֹΪ籾⣬ΪԴΪԭʼȺ֮һ
޾£ȻλȺ֮λδ䡣
ɼжǿ
ɽˡ뿪ַԶһãΡɽƶ޾غ
ۿȥһâֱɽУͺɽϵػ֮һɽ塣
ѹΪɽַ˫
Ũ͹֮Դ⣬Լܸоһ˿˿֮ռǿ޲Լİ

塮֮ۡԴȪô
ַȻ
壬ӵԴǿľԴū壬ǿĶػ벻ϵ
ˡַ֮
аУױȵİ֮磬ԴǿĹ֮һС֮ۡԴȪֱԼԼӦûвС
£Լ޷Ĵ硣
ΪԼ󣬻һըըФܹԣĖһֱԼԼ뿪׳ǣӣôӦúܿͻж
ǶôַһЦ
Լɹ˿أ¡
ԼʵȷʵգҪȡԼҲ׵¡
һַЩ±ܲˣҪԡԼҪҵԼѣ䱻ˣ
ৣಣ
弸䣬ַ弲ɽȥ
ûһâһӰʱ֣Ϊ׵ǶʵĖգǶʵMСͷĿ
һ߸ǿߣһǶǶǿߡ
ңǼľӢ顣
ÿһǶǿߣӵкǿʵ
ߴǿһ֣ΧС𶯣ԴΪģƬۼŲǣǿߣ߸ǿĿ޲һݡ
ǰӳмıʶ
˴֮У񣬸ǿڰ˴λǰ
߲˶Զ׷ͫоʯȭͷһգȣ׳βĵΧǿ޲֮һݡ
ɱM¶ɱ¶
ݣݣݣ
ߴǿߣԖΪ漴ȥߵȥΧʱһɣ޲۷׷ס
ǼӢжӰ֪ȥɱ˭
þӢжӳ֣һǿߡ
̫ˣˣлôһǵһμǿߣȻͬ졣
ªţħĖղʶôǶǿߣ˵սܺͰǿƥأûҲ¼ɡ
Ｋ϶û³֪ĸôۣô֪ˡ
ǰ̫ˡ
޲Ц̾ѡ



1783 һ
ˡɽУַվһɽ֮ϣͷ޵ʬ壬ĲЩֻжǣʵ޶Ȼûʲôв
УŻǿޡ
ɽޣʵͨ
߸ǿַ΢΢һЦʵ׾ٸӦʵҲԖյڡ
һߣûô
һһӮԼܸӦ˵λãԷܣһܴơ
֮ԼռȨ
ԺУҐ޵ĸӦޱж߸ǿģӳԺΪ׵ǖգħǿǿ׳ױȵ
һޱ޵ĺ췢Ůӣһ˫ͫŨŨޡ
͖ղŶУɼڶеĵλ
ͬǶڼĵλӦþdĽ㣬յķˡMˡַĵ
ԴͷԼ֮ǡ
ږպMͬħǿߣһ͖һģһٲȻͬǿߣһװߵ㣬ģª
ʣħ壬һ֮ͨϵͫһŹ˫ǾģƤȴְڵɫʣΪҹ顣
һģ죬ֻ۾˫֣֮ͬͨ
ߴǿ߸֮⣬඼ǿߡ
˵ǿʵԿɱżһһӦòҵĶַ֮֡ͨǿߡ
Լûκв
սħǿԼҲ壬۷Ǻࡣ
ԼвǖգԵԼӮξǸҹĹ֡
ҹ뾫岻ͬҹͨڰһƬ֮ض׾ȡ׼¾
ַ뱱֪ļж£ҹܼ뼫֮ǿ˵ǿߣֻ±Ȗոֲ
ԾԣԽһ׾١
ҹ飬ȻһַܱĿɨܣ΢΢һӰѸٶȥ׼
ɱң
ûôס

Ӧĺͫһⱬ䣬ֱָǰ
᲻壿ֵġساַӦǿģһʱҲоַϢ
壿Цƾܲʲô壿
M췢Ʈ᣺ʵѹƣٶҲһ
СΪϡҹ顮Ϸ
׹¶Ⱪȵʲôɹ裬ֱɱˣ
ߣ
԰ʯɽֱӳȥ
Բַʵʲô˹һǿߣǶÿһԱƥǿߵʵ
ӣܻɱǿߣ
ಣಣಣ
ߴǿٶȺܿ죬Ρնһλж֮ǰҹ顮Ϸͨǿߺϡساλ룬󣬺Ҹһսǿػ
ͺһ޴׶޼᲻ݡ
ģ
ôӦˣղС
Ầµö˰ɣ࣬ǵСĺܡ
ǰƱŵˣ
ħǿ߷ЦҲݸЦδ䣬ʱŨаǵضƬƬ֮ĵԵĸͻأ
¡¡¡
аĵ򣬖߸ɫʱһ䣬ǵľ֪֮С
ħսǿѸ£ΣסҹϷϺسا
ձһۼױ鲼ľβĵأǶʵţֱӽƬĵʯѣаɢ
һħ֣ȫĸǿ׳Ѹ
䣡
һȭֱӺڵر֮ϣǿĳƬȭ봦ɢۿɼϸ΢Ѳֱɢһߵӡ
Ƽ
յʵ൱ǿᡣ
֮෴MûκζֻרĵķȫκӰ죬ȷʵΪľӢ飬ϼΪĬ˿ҡ
Ȼһ˲ǿռٿءһ
ږնĺ󷽣ռ͵ըѣͻؿһ϶֮һλڶ󷽵Mǻʧɫһ
~~
һŨٿس֣ž綾ŢϮMУһͷɣMӦ죬ɫƮ裬ǵ޷ס
ȫ޶ΣƤ㣬ֻǱһ״ֱƹƣʳMӲMϵס
ǿ߾ˡ
ʲô
̫Եˣ



1784 ˣˣ
а
ַ֮أɱаãͷа޿ıǴֱԬ죬ͬȼһɱ൱¡
ַУǣ
꣡գ
޿ҧ綾M˲佫֡ʱ˫ĿѪ죬ֱɱһͷʷǰޣҪƿ
ӣ
µȭǿڰ֮˲޾ڰ֮ӿ롣
մдϸԲǿǿ˸գڲ˺ѡ
Ⲣȴⲿƻףһ򲻻˵ڵMܼMѹ
ž
һƤ˲ʱŤһֲ֮ɫڵMǼӾƻƱƤ࣬ϱ״Ϣ
а޴ҵаżľӢСӣЩġ
û취ΪϵǶǿߖգֻMһлɱϾϺǣûԤ⡣
С˫ӿڰ֮ӿ֣ӽȳӡ
ڴʱ
ԶȻͬĹâէ֣һŨһǾ˺ڰȻ෴ճÿһǵȼսյǿɫٱ䡣
ϡϷһǿǼ߾ֵ
˲ɿµ棬ը˵һ㣬ǿĹֹ˺ߴǿߵķǵκķѣǵҲ˲Ϣ顣
ݣ
һɫâɲȻ
¹ϵ޹
ͨ崿ףһ˿ʣµİ񡣼ĶƣԹٷɳۣ˲Ϣ͡һ͸ܣ͵һ

ѪĽҹǿϷȻɴ۾ҲǰһУػȻֱɱ
ں޷ʩչϵºƣ޹ʩչɳľַг¶
һĹϵ
׼ȷ˵ǹϵһı
Ϊϵͻǵﾫ룬ʶҲû̫ϸϸ̽ⲻ֪ƹ޹ó
ֻǸľ
ɱ
޹һεĹ´󹦣ַҼκȡҹ׼ʱ֮ͨĺѷַټ˫ͫʱ
ϱУ깥糤ì̳ó
˲䡪
䣡
͵ľѪԴһƬ¶˲밵ĽӾըܱսħǿߵֵը˿ǵȺ幥
ۣۣ
սħǿǿ׳ģֵساˣĺϣձ깥ɣػ

ѪģѪ֮С
Ъ˹޾ڰ֮˺ȳMǰâϢ˲ɢƬգĪİ·ʲôûƵġ
йղŵ͵Ϯǿ˿Ҵ⣬γһԲȦעΧ
һӣӣӡ
Ƭ򾲵Ĳ񻰣ֻԶɽ޵ĺȴûκ졣ѪĿȭûֱ
ڲŷӦˣˣ
ɶ񣡣ŭŤǶǿߣ켫Ӣжӣȴһˣת
ǿͨɱļжӣ
ڣӢжг֮⣬ˣʧء
ͷţǶַ֮УΧκԵɱMٵΣ֮ϮɱҹϷʦϣٵԶݶȥ
һһ˼©ûһ
СӡĿسا̾䴦ڵжλãǲԽǾóɱĺ֣ͬˡ
մ㣬շϹۡ
ң
ˣ
Ъ˹ŭޱȣһͷľޣǵһʧôأԷӰӶûţԱ󽫡
ףҲ̶ã

ʱַ壬ɽС
һУԶǧ
ûȤ͖ٶʵҲֻˣɱգƾڵʵνǿ
ַɫȻ
ֻߖգɱ
ûôף
ĿɨããޱߵɽַݸЦ㹻⣬ɱԷеİҹʦֻʣһӽսǿߣۺʵ
ץѱȵ졣
ңҲˡַԶŨ֮أμ伲۶ȥ
ԼĿ꣬磡



1785 С
ɽҫ䡣
һ貵磬Ƭ㲯ĵҪѰһߣ̸ףֱǴ롣
䣡䣡䣡ŭҧгݣħ
عɽһ޺޷֮ıɱǶǿǰϡɽҲ¾˖յķй

÷衣
ôͷĿˣǰϷˣձһһжӣֻΧһǿߣɱԱҡ
M˲ᣡ
ַ壡㵽ĺǣҶ㾾ŭȼգۼ׸ǵĳβɨǧֱһɽ֧飬ɽ价þòϢ
ساһ꣬MĸԱҲǻһһ۶˵ܴ裬üӢжӣɱɷɱ
ҪǴȥĻԣ

ʱַ壬ããɽѰͨڡ
ɽ൱аΧ࡮ڡͨ򣬲ҪҵȴҲףϾͨСΣа֪ķڶѲ鵽˵ˡ
λÿһͨԸԶܡ
ڲͬλҲͬջǲͬ
ȻַҪõҲǲܣһۼɣЩ֪ķλõַûôΪҪ쐻޵ĸӦҪһڡ
ӦòǺѡ
~~
쐻޵ĸӦ鼰ɽÿһַԶվӢжӣûôɵ͖ӲӲϾʵʼвࡣ
ڵʵͨ
ĥ£ӦʹҵʵǶʱٶԸղ١
ַļƻ
Դ޹֮Ԫغܼĵ֮һֻҪܻųԼ֮Ȼܸһ¥൱ǿİ֮裬ŴﵽǶûʲô⡣
ʱԺ͖棡
νһʱ̡
ڴͦҵġַӰĴߣɨţһɽ壬ٿӦ΢΢һһ
ǿߣ
ǿߣһǿߣַ֮һݣϢ
Լʵǿ߷ֲˣǿпֵܷģǿƺûиоǲ
ţַ档
ǡǿ߾Ӷ࣬ǿߵټ
ϾǿԴ޽ˣֻȺͰ˴֮Уǿߣ֧Сʵ˵൱ǿᡣ
ǰôøҴ·ַһЦ漴ȥ

˴֮һ
ۺʵڰ˴ΣһЩǿߣǿʮ˶ȺеľӢɵˡ
սʵΪ㣬һɢɳ״̬Ͼÿǿ߱Ǹԣѱ֮
Ҫסǣܡ
Щʮ˶ȺľӢǱȡůΪЧʶһ˵ߴһ¡
ڲҲǺܶ࣬ǿ߻࿴ߣиԵĶ顣
ƩСӡ
磬лԿô
ɣʮ֮ΪͷѪǾȥҲǴ롣
ǰؽ٣磬ΪĴΣնߣ٣ҵԿ׵ĿԽߡ
ʵҲǴ룬롯ܸһЩôɣмǧ꣬˵þǼ񵽼Կء
Կף㻹룬һԿ׶ĳˡ
ǰҲȥ˴磬10ڿվֱˣһǮǮһõͨҲ1000վѣһԿȴ10ڿվҪҵһѷ˾ͷˣ
û־ǮٶʲôãǵʵҪٿվ׬Ĳ˵Կ׽գڿվҪ׬Ҳ°ɣ
˭֪أûȥ
ȥ֪ʲô
ˣǰڣȥ񣬱𵽴ܡǵʵֻҪûʲôΣգܲҵԿ׾Ϳˡ
Сһţһ߽ǰУż޵·ֱӱɱС˵ɽһ
̶Ѩ磬ֻҪСһһҲʲôΣա
չ磬ʵܿأȴܿأǰǿ߽Ҳһܱ֤԰ȫų
˵оǿ䡣
ʶλ֮ľ֮ף
ԴУΣ۱ȵȣΨһһ
ա



1786 
ڡԿסַһ֪
ĿҲԿףġͷҪʮֻǿߵۣ֮һֻǿߵۣ֮ܰƳ䣬⿪ӡػɡ
˶ǧǣԼַܼԵΪ֮
͵͵Сӣַ岢δ̫̽ѰϢֻԼش֪λ
ַȫַҐ޵ĸ֪Ǿǿ߻֪رǿİǿߣȻԷܲ
Ȼ֪̽ҲֻǺ΢һ֡
Ѿ㹻
ǾƬʧġַǻ罣㶥ֱɽ֮УĴ̽ѰĸǿߵϢʧģ֮һھ
ÿһζײ·ڣⶫֻżŻ֡
ϸ̽Ѱգַ巢ڴܡ
Χ⼸ɽһߣԶԶȥͺһһ㣬ɽ͵֣ɽɽ֮ƬƬƺյĹҫϵɣۼ
ڲͣرãƬ԰ټƵɽ֮ڡ
Ȼ˲š
~ַӰ֣̤ɽأȴһԭȱõƽȣԼɼһϸ΢ķ϶ΧõĿռ
ַΡ
άֵʱܶݣֻмʱ䣬ͺ㣬һκѾûˣȻԼӦٶѾܿ죬ʼոϲϡ
ңڵλøǧٹֱ֣ӿɽ嶥˵УɽУɽ֮ҲУпƺ֮еġ
һйɣַҡҡͷ
ҪڵĹɺܷʱ䣬ĿǰԼȫûҪô
Ϊи򵥵ķ
һɽ壬һ֡
Լٶȼ쐻޸ӦֻҪھ˲ܸϵ
ַĿɨһɽ壬ֹųѡһ˳ۡɽ壬λڰɽڿУһ貹Ґ޵ĸӦɢ
ĵȴ
ûãԶռַüͷ΢΢һأΪ֪ϹȥʱҲ
һ߲Զռٴβַһάֱġ
ÿСʱһΡ
ڣϵر仯
ַҲڵȴһҲŖգµĖվϹ۵ҰޣвԴӦԼǰԼ뿪
ţַʮθӦڴ
һΣ³һֹɽ崦ȴȻûԼڵɽ塣
죬ںֻɽظַֹ΢΢ɽӹע⣬Ȼɽк⣬û
һ죬һ졣
ɽڣַڵɽȻտҲûջ
ôðַЦһľ̹Ȼȴһβûеȴ̫ãڿУַܿӦؼһ󲨶
~~
貶ɫšŨռȡַӰѸֱȡɽ嶥ˣӦν죬ӽһΡ
ǰһռѷ죬γһ֮ۡ״
˸ޱϢ
ַ岻ԾõطԴʯǿĻ֮ʱ롮֮ۡ棬ϱ֮Զ֮͵һʱ£
ãַ巴Ӧһ⼲۶ȥ


赲⡣
ַЦһ󷴵ǧվԶѳһѷڣһ̾ԼղŵĹȫ䣬ûôࡣ
ɡַૡ
ԡ졯ԾӣԴ޵ʷԶʶʮָ߰ƲȺǵĵ̣ҪҲһȡ
ɵǡ
ȫûҪᡣ
ַͷ
ԼֻסɣȻֱӽ롣
Ȼһλᣬַ岢ʲôʮʱѣ֤Լǿеġ
Ѱһɽ塮á

ַĿɨһ顣
ƬɽȻкܶδֹڣԼһǵȴɡ
ƺһЩɽУΪкܶɽγֹڣƩ硪Լ֮ǰĵһɽ塣
ڣѳֹΡ
Ѿûɽϡַ֮һӰ漴ǰɽ塣
졣
ȴֱԼӦúܿ
Ȼ
ʮСʱַ֮󶯣ھ벻ǧ֮ռҲԼĺɫдȡռҫ䡣
~~~~
Уɹâӳۣ֮ͬʱǿѹ塣ַǻһĨЦݣһοԴʯѹ
磬ˡַһǧף󲽿
ں֮۵ǿ壬ֱӽ롣



1787 ˭
ৣ~
ǰʱŨĹ֮֮۵ǿѹڤڤкһ˫۾עţַ֮΢ݡ
磡
Լǿľأϳ
Ȼ
ৣৣৣৣ
ĵĿⲻԼͬעӹַҲ΢΢һǰֵĵȻͬӰΪ׵һ߽ףɫƤŰƣһ˫ͫԱ
ҲȺǿߣ߾һ֮䣬һŮʱĵĿעӣźɻ
˭Ϊ׵Աʵ
һַĿӹˣ΢Цͷ
ս϶ӳСıʶȻǿߣΪ׵ԱϢ쳣ǿΪǿߣ˶ǿߡ
ַ˲Ѿ϶˵ݣΪԼ˳˵ټҵڽ롣
ǽѾȥʮ죬û뵽ײϣȷʵЩɡ
һ
Աһ㶣Ҳһ
ݻ¡¶̷Ůַָǰʵ
µսסַʼ硣
һͷӡޡһǻȻλֵĪˣ
ַͷϰȻһ⵽ҷȻɱսսҲˡ
һԵ٣СҲû໳ɣǵ˵ͷ
ַɫδ䣬ȴǳһ
Ȼֻ֪Լ˵żȻֵģƵܱܿɱڣţðǿߡ
ߴвͨðⲻ
һɢ֯֯ڵĳԱռɽͷǿ൫ʶͬİ·Ƕӵǿߡ
ţԼСġΪ׵Աһ䣬㲻ٶԡ
ɼڲĹϵ˴ۼԼ֯ĳԱ۸㲻ͦҲԱСȴû·һ
ַҲԷ̬ȵĮ
͹ˡ
СҪԼ𣬷׸鷳
ˣСһŶǰһ岿䣬Ϊ׵ǰʵǶ˿¶̷ŮӶַ˵
ߣԱӺȵ
¶̷ŮӶַСͷ漴һ̵ȥ
ַ岻һЦ΢ů
СΪսҲÿһ˽ַĿƳԶĮԱӣϢ΢΢Щȣƺ˵ˡ
˵岿䡭ַһס
Ȼ֧СһСĶĲ䣬Ƴ˵ԱȻӳˣԻصԭϢָʵ
ȻԼôײˡ
аʵǿߡַüͷ΢΢һ塣
û뵽Լһ׮鷳СӲͬԼһҪײ岿䣬鷳ʹˡ
屾ǿʵǿ
ңǿǵĵ̣ԼΪ쐻δؼϰ
Ʋ㣬ƷŴ
Լⴳֻ»Сӵ·ײ岿䣬֮Ӷûطӣ㱻ɱ
ǣȱܿ岿˵ַ˲˾
ǰпԡáİΪʲôã
ҶһԱǿ϶ԸԼҲԼһʲô˭ҲҪʶ˭
ô
ȹǰĿ˵
ַڴÿһ¹֮Դӹĺ⡣

磬Сһ￴ˡͷӡ绡ǺЦ
Ͼֻǿߡһžͳѥӡ³·ӣ˫ַտյ
Ϊ׵ԱԶͷҲأܴ֪ǰ岿䣬ðֻ·һڵǡ
¶̷ŮӡߡƳַ壬ĵұϾͬһܰͰɣһû
ԱӡѡûͬһҲûҪԶ¶ˡҪ͸ţԼ
ͷӡ绡ͷǻҪҪȥɱ
ԱҡͷûҪסĿ꣬ѰҽյԿףܲǾͱǣʼǵĵ̡
ûѥ³·£̫£ֹʵǿһūͣǰǿߣֵ¶ʵū͡
Աӡѡ֣˷ʱ䣬׼ڰ˴дǿӿ磬ɮ٣ܲԿ׾Ϳұ¡
Ҫ磬Խ룬Կ׵ĿԾԽߡ
ģҪȥܡ

ǣ磡



1788 ά
һˣ
ַսظ󣬾һβ͡ľɫʮƯҫ֣ľ࿪ţԴ
ַǵһľɫȴһҲİ
֮£б
һģһ
ܿܣһۣУʥضݻ٣ɳĵ򱻸ͷ棬Ӵ־ǿߡַ̾
츳ʵܲΪȺɼһ㣬һɽһɽߣΪԴ޵ʹڴ˵ԣǿввǡ
磬һ
һƬգ£ͺӰƬ磬һǿľѹÿһֱ壬Դǿ
~ַ
оʶ΢΢𵴣ɫľܹնǿģԼӵԴʯǿȱѾܸߡ
֪ܲ￪쐻޵ϡ
ܿϣϰǿߣҶռ
ȻĴӪǿǿȻǷëǣҪģǿҲûôжԸԼ
ΣտǰǿߣСϵġ
ʶֻҪԼϣռݾ
Ґֻϣ֮ǿȺǿߣؼԴʯԼľǿȣԴʯǡ
Ա¾ꡣ
ԼڵǿȣӦúǿ߳ƽͨǿ߸ʤһǿȴҪѷɫˡ
壬൱ߡ
Դ޾Ȼǿᣬ츳ʡѪһġ
£Լ
ٿء
ಣǰС͵ؼ٣ַһδüӦһϢȴǣסԼϢƽϢһ
ַһů
СУǸ¶̷Ůӡߡ
ȷʵĵԼ˸ظԼָ·ͨǿȷʵпܸԼᡣ
ַлǶܸм
ǿߣѾࡣ
ӣӽ岿ˡַԹΪ׵СԲ˦ԼǰΣգʶҪͨԲȫ
岿Ӧһͨһ
ݣ
ַ弲ٸϡ

СһٶȲͷӡ绡ͷһַλá
ģСΪ׵Աӹѳȵüͷ𣺡ĸӦΧܹ㣬δѡ
³·һҾͲǻϴȻǰˣҲûõȥ˲ū͡
ѳǿѹͷߣļǿһδҶʧһӦܿٴǹ
Ů¶֮ɫô죬ǻҪô
ͷ۾һɣ죺ˣ̵ģҪٸӸǣ
˭˭³·Ҳߵ
ѵͷûһʹ򳡺ݵģǵʵδرͷǴſ£Ǿͻһνһε
о¶ս⡣
ǿǿߵǲһٵضܣһαǹȫ֣һٱá
Ǿثˡ
ƬϿȣӦþͰȫˡַ˫ͫԼҲϿģƺйɺǿֱֻ
δǿȥ̽飬ΪַѾµʲô
岿䣡
ǰǿߣūΪ١
ԼҪȥ̽飬ע⣬ʱ¶٣ܿԼ𹥻
һ²һ¡
СûǵţԶֲԼ

Щ٣ַסܾúʲôҪƵģе֮ԽԽǿļ
أ
Դһ£ַ弹һƬ
һӴϢѹ˲ʱ֣ƬǾԵ确졯֮ڣ֮˲󣬾貣硣
ã¶ˡַ֮ɫһ䡣
ԼϢʲôٷ֮һ岿İ
ƬϿ̫խˡ
û·ƹȥ
ֻߣѲߺ޵ȴСӡ
ַĿܲԼСӣԼȻ˻ˮҲУά衣
ϢԽԽǿ
ַͬʱӦСӵƣҲɢ
Ȼ׼һս
Լô
æ
ֻߡߣ



1789 ʱȡʱ
ƣǧһ
ַ˵ǹؼ񣬰ǿߵϢٽӽ壬һ·׹䣬֮
壬ռݾԵ
ˣ
ַ˲
ԼʵһæСǺĬԼ޶˶˵ؼȥܿܶһ٣¡
ߣǸҪԼġ
һνȫԱųһȻҲܣаǿߣСӵĶӳѡͬǰǿߡ
ԼҪĵģԼ
ˡַˡ
кȻ־ը֮ǿϢôءռ𶯣ۿɼĳѷ죬һɢ
ԼԤϵģĿСӣԼ
ԼԶСӣԲᱻԶսԴͷڶʱڣѻ϶ղԼСӱܡ
ߣ
ַԥϡ
Ⱥ󳷣漴Ͽķȥ뿪ս
ȻһԶ·ֻҪܿԼܰȻ
أԶսʯ쾪ҷ׳ʣַȻ²ؼ߸߹˵ԼСҲֻƼˮꡣ
սĲ춯С
֤ԼԶս
뿪СҲתءַСӵ뷨ϿȱϾǰĲڣڵ˵սܲ
뿪ϿȣǲԸ뿪ȻǺãǾա
׷ش٣Сٶȸ죬ʺϴս彻սõĶࡣ
ԼҲкô
ֱŵĸоʧˡַ̧ͷһƬɫգԭһ˫ӵǿ֮۶Լɢ
ӦǺͰľַ尵⡣
ˣԼͰͬУȻ졣
ĿԶַٿһ
ӦϢҽӵؾһǧֹϢûʬ⡣
Ϣʮ
岿䣡ַͫʱһٶС
ܿ죬Ӧʵʵǰ
Զʯһֻ۵ĹЦûаͷ䳤ͷ֮ϣ¹ǣ׵ͫһϸѵ·㤿ɲ
壡
ǵʵܺ÷ֱ棬ͫױֲ֪ͫǿߣ߸ֲǿߣֲԽԽǿū۵ū;Խࡣ
һ˵߸ͫ׷ֲѪǿߣū߸ǿߡ
Ű˸ͫ׷ֲѪİǿߣū۰˸ǿߡ
ÿһʵ޴
Ȼǿһ㲻ū߸ǿߣūĵǿߣʮǿߣʮϰٸǿߵȵȡ
ͬʵūͣռѪͬ
ʶ岿Ϣǧ֮࣬ǿֻС
ʮַҐ޸ӦֱÿһϢʮǿߣֻһǿߣǿԼŸǿߡ
Ѫ츳ǿ¡ַ̾
һ䣬ǿ߶ǿϡ
ԼҲţ己ֳǿ۰ԴޡϾǵ츳̫죬ūȺǿߣ
Լūͣ޽ԼǶԷԸΪū͡
ԸԸ⣬ǿоͿūۣ
Ѫ츳ʵΥعѹַôַѸٴ岿䣬ͷҲص뿪
ԼʵЩǿӦԼѣ˵ء
ûаǲǡ
ߴȻһƹϿȣҾ뿪ַ⣬ȻЩۣôԼܰȻ뿪ܿܽӴ硣
ֻԷ˵
֪Ǳߴôˡַļѣ岿䣬ѹԺиֳСϿĻ棬һǿģӡԺ
ٿأַͣ
һ£ַ͵תͷߣ岿ڣӦǿߵϢԼǧûūϢ
ΪʲôҪ뿪ַʡ
£ڣ岿ȺףǿֻΨһһǿߣԼʲô
Լ
Ȼ岿ǿڶ࣬ǧǶūͣΪǿơԼϵֻʮǿ߶ѣ
׼ȷ˵Լвֻǿߡ
һǣǣ
ôõĻᣬûɴɣַͫǰ岿ǿиɣһƬ
ʱȡʱ



1790 
䡣
Ĳ䣬֮ΪƣǡºСƴһİǿߡ
ôҲ벻൨쵽Ĳ䵷ҡ
磬Ǳ
ȽΨһǸ塣ַ建ӽ䣬岿һæµܼ״̬ǧū͸䡣
ǿ߾Ӷ࣬Ҳвǿߡ
Ȼ岢ǺϤַҲ֪ǿʵǡΪԶһֱڵԴġ
һԼΧַܱܿУʱ鷳
ȻɱǿߣЩūȻȻǰǡɱǿߡɱԼᱻΧסÿһūͶʵʵǿߡ
棬ˡַ
ԸͨǿߣԼϢؽӽǿȽԼһǿߣ̫ѡ
ǣˡħ

ƽ䣬ʮ̸ЦЩЩϷˣҲЩ˵ʲôһūǿѲţҲвھſʯһЩ䵱ܣƷ
Щū࣬ħ壬ȵȣǱ˻ܣȻū۵ġ
㲻Ըֲ֮Ѫ£ȴɼʬػš
ƽΪϡ٣ʶŽᣬɱ㹻޴󣬸ʲô֮
ʶǿ߾ĲǺǿ
ٿȻ䡪
ã~ã~ã~
ԭҫգʱĻ죬һո߸ңֵļΪͻȻɲǼ伸ǿ߱Ѿա
䣡һ춯
¡¡¡
ضҡԭҵĻɲǼɢ졮Ƭ׹£ǧƵعȫûĿĹֱƬء
ǵأûǡ
ߣǿߡ͡ЦһںһɲǼһ׹֮Уһ

ǵ׹䣬ǱסȻ©٣˳ɵʧһūǿ˲ʮˡ
СǿߡЦ
֪ν࣬͵ϮǣһǿߡѡЦѣɫͫѷֱԶ
ǿҲӦˡ
磬ûʲôùǣǾ͡ڡ֮С
ɱǿߡ͡ȣɫư
ʱ䣬һǿ߷ӵϣԾԵֱɱħūǿ߽棬֮һŹⲨ
ۣ֮ã
þͬʱʩչ˲ýħΪ֮һ裬Ļ˲ǿߡ͡Цѣ·һ˰㿴Žħ
ǿߣɱ׸һʹ͡š
ǿūͺңǿūͿɲңūͲǰձɱһòϡ
һԲƨͺںĿȫӽħ΢Դ·һʤĴԪ˧
еĽħһš
ٲǿߣ˵һԲλԲûá
ٿء
ԣɫ΢΢һ䡣
һôҽǲ䣡
ͺһ˲Ѿ
ͷ֮¶ɣعз·һ죬˲ͺȻɴ۾á
͵תǼ
һͷ״ĽɫԼǿɫӹͷٶȻƻһһġ
Ϊʱ
䣡ַǳ
ȰӰͱʥصܫ밵Ľַ³˳ɹǾǿ߶Ҫشοǿߡ
ɫ貣ͷ̶ͷ֮ۼ籬
䣡䣡䣡
깥ֱȡַ壬ַ巴Ӧٶȹ죬Ҳȫסͺڰ㣬ʱַǿΪԴ޶ˡ
ռݾƣɱ֣ǿȻʯٵ
ǿߣ类⾪˵
ַۣ³һѪ˲ᣬӵԴʯǲεƲķ
˵ģǿ
ÿµַսȡͷƵɫʣϢһͷϹޣԾٿؾܺԼεȿ£
Ǿַ֮󶯡
ľ



1791 ڰ
䣬ʱѹѹһȺǿΧŽħǿڣþʩչū͹
½ħʵΪǣǿߣҲѹ̧ͷ
ǿĿ¶âǿʤ⣬ٿء
~ž~
~~
ΧħǿȺУĪصһƬǾҵһȺūͣʮǿԼǿߡ
ūУеǿߣ
ǿ߾ˣͻıõʼδ
ħ˲䱬þѹƣϾַԻþĵֿ൱֮ǿûǿߵĽսѹƣ¶ʱʵȫ
ããã
һӿֹ緢ͺƻɽѹһ֮ﵽԲĽħ۹˿ַ塣
һͷͻعȺɽ
ң
ʱ䣬ɱǿɫ䣬ѡ
һߣɱǿߵַ岢ûиܿɱһǿߣٴ⵽ǿǿ
Щַ˵ûá
ǰԴʯܵס
ʵڿ¡ַǸ߽ħǿ߱ɱ֣ǿߵɱͬȼǿߣ󲿷ͨǿߡ
ħһ㡣
䣡ַ䣬ѸնɱǿߣǿûȤնɱɱǿģɱġ
սȡʤѷʽ
ݿ࣡
ʧȥΨһһǿߵ䣬ȺףûַܺԿǿߣȴҲ̫⣬һǿȥɱСӣ뵽˵쵽˳̶ȡ
磬ҽĲ䣡
ֱڻа֪
ʵһ˵һػ㹻ˣǿߣ߸ҹǰҲɵϾǿЦġ
ַǰͬ衣
óԸģóǿߡַ䣬ɱȡһǿֱ֮ۡ
ÿһֻ֮߶ֵƣַ־ڴˡ
ӡҪۣ֮ʮֻǿߵۣ֮һֻǿߵ֮ۡ
ۣ֮൱ʮ֮һ֮ۡ
ơַԲ˷ѡ
ȡʮֻۣ֮ʹ1%ô
ǿߣԶǿôɱҵ
΢΢ַӰֱȡһǿߣʱһƬңū͵һƬвڸ翹赲ȥ·
ʣǿŵɢĸҸַԿ
繨ԣӲļǿֻҪǴˣҲ㡣
ַ߳ɱūͣ׷ϡ
ǿūͱ£ٶȲν죬ǷֿܣƬϿǵأԼĴ׷ûôʱ׹塣
ΣգһԼס鷳
Ϊ仹һǿڣ
ǵǿߣ
Լʵ˵ԸūͶδصеùԼǳ룬Ǽþա
~~ַ쐻޸Ӧɢÿһʱһֱȡмһ޴ʯߣһֱӺͬʨ

ʯֱӱݻ٣ǿҵĺڰС
ʱ䣬ʯ֮ðһſžӨεĹʵɫͨ͸ˣ̬УаԲεģ׶εģԲ͵ĵȵȣɫͬ򵭻ףǶһͬ

ÿһŹʵһֹо̲ŨĹ֮
ϵعʵ
Ȼַ΢΢һЦУаһУԼй飬ľأعʵĳһϵġ
ааŨعʵΪϵ
磬֮ԪܼعʵΪϵ
һˮһʵ
Һáַ彫ʵһһ࣬Ҳʮţعʵǿʳ
Ѫ̫ǿˣ֮׾٣ū壬ֱ޵С
ȴ˷ǴõĹϵ츳
ַҡҡͷ
Լܸо֮츳ҲǶ⣬츳Ⱥ̫츳ԼҲ֪ôá
֮֮Ȼ෴һ˵ֻȡһ
Щ߹֮һɡַҲֻ֪мϾԼ֪壬һġ
߼ޣϣǲǿû㡣
ַ˫־䣬ʯߣٿǰһ¶ϲɫ
ҵˣ



1792 ¶
Լղ쐻ӦģֻعʵһЩĿ̲زƹ֮Ǽѵϡ
Уһص
ûһ˿֮ûһ
ַȡһУῪʱ¶һΡ¶ͷ·ˮΰ㾲Ө͸ɫʡ
ȷûй֮ԪأȴԼ괥
عʵ
Ӧþеġ¶ˡַŹÿһ¶ϡ֮ûжۣڲǧվƣֵɿͨľ
Լԣ¶ǿվܺ
ǿʶ౦󣬶κһ֮˵޼֮
ǵһΣֵʤ
ҳٳδܿϣΪʶ硣ַĵԼǿȣ涼Ѿ㹻ǿ
ϿѴﵽޣʼ޷ϡ
쐻޵ҪһԵⲿҲǲɻȱģʶһʱˮӿٶֻܴﵽǼޣ޷ӡ
ʱʱˮŻӣ
ԼȻ֪رʵ̫
࣬ó츳ÿһ츳ơƩ壬ԭʼԶħ壬ܹͬǿͻɱħ塣
ƩԪϣ壬ʵѪӵиǿԣ֮ͬ
꣬ͬǡ
ʵǿܾԸǼѣʶȣȴӰٽһʱҪ
ǿϵ
ֱӿرƿ

䣬ϿԶ
ԹΪ׵СӣһǿƴɱţѪɺӣʬҰūͲǿߣǿߡ
ͬ⣬⣬϶ˣϸžͳѥ³·³·һǿߣСһذףȥ
Ȼ³·Ǳǿߵɱ
ַ壬ǿߵԻɱκһǿߡ
ǿ߼ɵԭڣɱ㲻ܱ֤Լɱܻ
ɶ񣡡ݶҧ飬ȫʼϲ֮ŵԿ׻ûʼң̣Сĥ°ǧ궼δõǿߣսײˣ
ңһ䣡
ʲô
ֻǵһ壬Ѳںһһһƴ£˵Сӡ
һ䣬ȫͬˡ
һǰǿߣȴײϰ߸ǿߣ
̫࣡
һǻռϷ磬ɱū뿪
һΣȫ·硣
ϿȾô󣬹㹻ҪܿķκƬϿȶ岿طΧ֮УôҲܲ
ַһ´ˡ
ԹΪ׵СսʱԶϿȣս

ӳϿȣս˾ԸͰһΪ֪ʤļ΢΢
°·شδս
ò˶ãǾͻᱻΧ
ȣĿѣ𹥻ʵӳû⣬ͬͲУض
ͬѲȹ͵֮¡
Ҫһ
ɱȫѪȻֱȡȫ֮⡣
ʲôѴӲ̰֮
ҲҪᣡ
ɷȫں
ڴʱ
ৣ~
ԭռݾϷǿߣȴ׷׺ˣūͶϺѸٵսΪ׵İ֣ͫоǱŭ֮ɫ
Ҳһۣضۣ˻Ͽȡ
ʲôˣ
ѣ绺סˡ
ۼǿȥԴһƬȻȫ֪ʲô
屻ˣ
ڰɣ
ҪߵģӦǰɣ
ô£ִʺ籦һͷˬĶ̷ǺˮԶһɻ
Ҳ֪ҡҡͷüͷ
ı
ǣİˣ
أһţԹѺߵߣ뿪ȡ
ѵͷҲǷӦ
жѸ٣Ǵδİ·㼲뿪Ȼ֪ʲôԣΪϲߡ
ǲ֪Ӧ䱻Ϯ˲أæϻز䡣
У˱ַһ



1793 ɨ뿪
ʱַ壬ȥ
ɨ䣬նֻۣ֮ʮһһ¶ʮعʵһѹ󾧽ջ൱ơ
ܲлиӰ˵ıַѡ
Ĳ
Ӧÿˡַ弲۴ϿȣߵϿһߣСӸպ෴ǴСڵϿһ߻Լһߣͻ
ݣ
һҹ⴩ַ̤޹󣬽ӽ٣ֱٶ֮֮СҪ졣֮ǰСַԶδȫ
˵СҲû˦ַ壬ͬܰ
֪ôˡַ岢֪Ϊʱ⣬䣬Сһȴڤڤע
˵డַ̾
Լɱǿߣÿһ϶ǿϸЩܵǿߣ϶һ
ȻԴǿַһЦ
Լû´Ӧǰʵȡģǿ߻һʵʱȡһʵʱѡ
֮ǰǿ߹ԼǼãǿྫ
֮Լ޹󣬰㲻
۹Ҫǿһ㣬ôҪ֮
Ƿģô󡣡ַ¶ͨѾôۣ̰ᣬοַϲ
㹻ǿʱʵһ֡
ֱɱ֣Ҫʲô
ַܿ촩Ͽȡ
һƬһ޼ʵĲԭ̵ĲݵسÿһСݶŲ׵ַһɳ嶯ЩСȫո
Ҳֻǳ嶯ѡ
ֲ̫̫ʢҪһʱ
ʮŹϵعʵҵĹ֮һԹĸӦࡣַ弲ٴУ߲ʱ޺ԭֲïʢ޷ࡣ
׷Լٶȡ
ѸԶϿȣ
ַ԰ʼɵϾһɲǿЦġгãԭһƬȺɽ룬޺쳹أ㤿ɲ
ԽΣյĵطԽȫ
Ϣ࣬˵ʮƣƬãã޼ʵɽУҪزһ¡
籾ΣնȲߡ
Ȼвޣа޵Ĵڣ޺޴󣬾ǰޣַҲצ±ס
岻ͬ
ɡַܿҵһζѨһССɽ֮У֮䣬ʹɽΣϸɽ嶼Ҳ˵еĶѨ
ħڶѨڣɽ硯ַһϵͨϡ

һɭȻ棬ڶѨڣȼաӵǿĹֻ޷ƶħͬʵǿ߽룬ضǽħĶ֡
˵ֻҪǳȺӵޣϡٵİޣַͻܰȫ
ֿ΢΢һ
ַҲģķˣħҲԵֵһӣʱҲܳ֡Ψһĵǿߣǿ޿ײ룬·ûʲôǲ֪ġ
ֹԼǰǿɵģҲ塣
ԴǿӵмǿѪ츳
ۣ֮
ãңūۣȺˡ
ңǺع֪֮ǲҵĴַȡֻۣ֮ǰ
ԼһսսƷ
һֻֻۣ֮֮ۡ
ǿľַ֮ݣȫܸо̲֮صĿǿѾɡ
ֶص¶Щ
֮۵壬ǿ󣬾ͺܿƵҰ¶˳ĺѪҰͬԺǿͬѪ
ֻҪܹѱ
Ӧÿԡַš
˵֮ԡԼǿȲԼԴʯĳ
֮۶Լ˵ǾѵĲƷ
ֻá
ķӡ
Ȼ˵⿪Ⱥͷӡ˭Ϊַ岢ţҲûȤȥһȺϲ
ݣȽ磬Եذǡ
Ŷ
ֻۣ֮ɶ㣬1.4%ַۣ֮漴һ貹⻪ỬϢ޼֮
¶
֪ܲܰңϡַ˫ſ죬漴ʳ



1794 У
¶
ؾΪ¶ۣʮԪѻһΡ¶һʢǼΣյĵѰǿ߽Ǻնġ
ʶ¶ڲ۸Ӹ߲£мС
ĹЧҲһһġ
ǿ꾫Բ˵ÿһƵعʵƵĹЧֻ٣ͺعʵǿһ
¶ĹЧʶ
ʶ츳֮꣬쐻޵ʶȻʵԽǿʶԽ󣬵ʶǴģҪһǲܵġ
ַ֪״̬ҐҪϣѡ
ʵҪƿߣȦ㹻Σһʶˮɡ
ϣؼǿȼ쐻޵ΪǴﵽ֮ǰޡ
¾㱸ֻǷ硣
~~¶ǣһɢ壬˲츳֮𶯣ȸԾޱȣʶ޴ȡԴ֮ľ
һһ
¶Ȫˮˣ峺鶯ÿһգʹʶݷۿɼĴ𵴣ƿƱһεſ
ϸ΢¶ԴԴϡ
ַ循̾ѡ
Ȼտʼ¶ۣԽԽ棬عʵЧ𽥼ͬ¶Чʼάһ׼ӣҲ
ʶ
ɣɣ˳ɡ
̶ʱ䣬һ
һηʳЧѣҵʶûַʶԼһηʳ¶ߣЧҪ
ϱԼ㹻ʵ츳֮ǿķǸ
ϣӦû⡣ַ¶Цݡ

䡣
ƣһƬǽ塣
Ĵū͵ʬףʧȥ֮ӡǣЩūˣ˵ʵһֽѣ˵
˭ɵģŭͫһɫ·Ť
룬µĲ䣬δ뵽ʮ궼ͷ飡
ȥһˣĸˣ
ūٶǶںΪٻãһЩܺеǿū͡
˵ȥÿһǲС
己൱΢ȫͬ
ʮ˾֮ܳΪһС䣬ϰٸ˾һͲ䣬ǧ˾һͲ䣡
Ҫ֪ħˣֻһС䡣
ǿվҲǲƬأĴǱյĺۼ֮ϢȻūʬױأҲ̶á
ǵĲ䣬Ȼɨˣ
׺룬ˮ󡭡ǿ¶ŭͺ⣬Ⱥӵ࣬ɱˣú
ٴ
ԲܷŹǣ
ǵѪǵ⣡
ȫūۣ
ǿ߷߿ѡ
࣬ǳŽᣬӲڶ˴˼ĸ൱֮áͬ鱻ɱǿͬ顣
Ӳߣݶҧ顣
УۿɼһɢĳֹģǿȻ𾴣ɫȻ
~~~~
趯Ȼ֮Ȼ󣬡๲һϵ֮䣬ľһŶĤ֮䡣

~~֮ʱ仯
þʩչȴǲͬɫԲ԰ףеɫȴޱȼᶨ确졯Ĵǰ㡣
һƴݿȥһʶչ
Уۡ

ʱַ壬ȡ¶ʶѾﵽ¶ҲĴ룬ĵĸоŨһ츳֮꣬
ͻƵļ
ַԼ쐻ޣﵽ޵ĵϣ
ڴʱַ͵һɫٱ䣬һǿǴʶһֻ֮ۿһУǿǰԼǳûбеķͱ϶á
ڿԼ
ˣַһ˲ǷӦԼ²һǵѪ츳๲ѰԼ
ģʮ֮˾Ǹ岿İ
˫ٿȻַȴǷ̩һ΢𶯣ӤֱؼʴȻ
ַ͵۾¶ϲ֮ɫ
ϣ



1795 쐻޵ڶ
쐻ޣǰ׿ҲͨΡ
ÿһ϶Ȼͬı仯޵ġ⡯ħ޵ġː޵ġ־
ˣĵƿߡ
ޣˣʱַջǿĸ֪Ȼûħǰǿڸգȴǰַȹٽѡ
ϵĿھġ֪Ǹǿ
ͬʱջڶ
츳ǿߣϾջڶһߣҪϲܿµʲߣϲпܡַоʶ𵴣¶ա
Ґ޵ϵĿԼ츳֮ʶѸٱ仯
һִһ֣Լ츳֮ʵҲȲ׷ϴ֮ꡣ
~~
ٿȻѪ𵴣ַԺһγֺڷΡģһ˫ѪĮһз򣬰Ȼη壬һ֮Կ
쐻У˿˿ɢ۳Ѫɫʡ
ѪԺУĪĳħԶ֣Ȼϰȴܸ֪˼Ե»õ쐻
ܸκ๥У
ֱӾ񹥻ѪɣѱޣѪ壻þѪɱ¾﹥Ѫ
ǿ
Ⲣːе
ː޿ǡ־͵ģĵƿأ»õĵȴǡ͵ġ
ģֱΪģħģģÿһַ֧ǲͬߵǲͬĵ
Լȴͬʱ̤
Ѫħĵַ˫˼ѣԼ쐻ȷʵնµնħ
ʵЩ졣
ϣһħѪַиǺ棬쐻޿ϣʶ츳֮ͻˮɣμ
ʱַȴ˫ͫüͷš
ߣֱַӶԽħȵѸɽ磬ûаʣƴӡ
¶ַ壬ħȫ
Ϊ˵ʵǿ
޹󣡡ַӶѨһԾ˲ʱ̤޹֣֮֮ʩ޹ϣǿĹ֮Դ
ʱ䣬޹һ⣬Թֱӷɳ۶ȥ
Զ԰Ϊ׵ǿٸŭȴۼַԹȥ׷ϲϣֱñףֱ衣
ܱ
ã
ɶ񣡣
ǿŭѣǿܲǽһȫãͻȻ뿪ӹһ١
һץ㣬࣡ɫ˫ͫɫǿѹͷŭ
֮ǰʩչۣȫģϢӵһʱӲһһץס࣬ūۡ
ó˫顣

ڼΪ֮ӣǿԴȺ֮һǶԼǳš
ûһȺܳǡ
ʶǸû뵽ַΪӦǵϢ뿪ΪַǴá൱ķѾǰҲ޷ʹá
Ϻҵıǿַ弲ڿУҐ޵ĸ֪һŴɢȹȥɢ򳬳ʮ
һɢῪôΪ̫
ˣȹȥ˳֪˵ȫһΣֹģϢܼܾޡ
ҪǣԼĸ֪ڰǿ֮ϡ
ԼܸӦǣǸӦԼ
Ƽ
ǿ߲ó׷ܣԼ޹󣬿˵ɹ˿أͬ
ٵõһЩ¶ͺˡַ˫¶ܺ;ĳȻڣԼƣǵڶ¶ԼʶҲκθı䡣
괿ȵҪһЩԼȱıľȣΪԴʯ
ʶôԶ׼һɵľӵи־õľƣ깥쐻޿ϣͬҪ㹻ʶ
˵¶ֻСַ⡣
иȺӣΣնʮٱӡ
Ҫ룬Ҫðա
ҲЩ˼ʮεɽȴϡַЦЦʱôҲסԼѹһС䶼ҵ¶طͬлᡣ
֮󴦴пܣ˵
ȰѰ˦ַӿٶȡ
޹һ⣬ٷɳۡ



1796 Ѫ
ַ岢İȻƺܽĻ̽Լλãô
ֻҪԼ㹻вķΧʱԼܸ֪
޹룬ץԼ
ٶȣ̫
Ȼͬó֮һóҪץԼһξץˡ
Ⱥɽ룬ַ˳ŸӦĿĵطУ֪ŷ

ַȻΣգΣվͲˣΪĥ£ֹиֱǿ޺ǿߡ
ڵʵȫܻɱǿߣ
ֻҪ̫ࡣ
û䵥С䡣һ͵Ϯض飬ֶַԽ֮۵1.4%֤ǿеġ
ÿ䶼аǿ򣬺ܶಿĶֻǿߡ
ǿ߻ɵǿߣΪ岻ӵӴūͣвѷͬǿߵʵµ
ַ岻¡
ӵԴʯַ忰ǿߵĿǡ
쐻޿ϣǰٳ߸ͷһ
ѪַȣٿȻ޹󱻼һѪɫɣٶ͵رֱǰޡ
⩣޹ѪӰӣֱ˺ҧޡ
ǧײޣ߰һ··ɢܣ޹ײΰأһ֮ʧȥս
ǿַꡣ
޹ΪѾǿѪ޿ƥУǿ㱶ֹ۹ھ޹Ƶ϶⡣
Ǽͷַ̤޹󣬻Ӱ⡣
౦ͬʱ£ǿδᱻԼɱϖռСӣԼ޷ǻɱ濹
ܿ죬һǸǿַ廯һ⡣

ৣৣৣ
ʱжӰǖһǿȻϺϷɱվжʵȻͦǶǿΪף˽ΪǶ´ࡣ
ϴС磿һʵ
˾ŲʮĿѣɨΧ׷ɱ͵㶼ǵߣܣҡ
ԭĿĵؾ磡
ղδʧȥǣΪͷĿ;ǲһ۾ѾļΪ͸
Ϊ֮ŵԿ׶һͷ췢M·һͷŭĸʨږԣоǳޡ
ǼҲ˺ü顣ساӶֱֻֻۣ۾Χ
ϱɱǶġ۾̽ͲȺϲ̽鷶ΧֻɢС
һԿ10ڿվԴ޶ˡһ̾
ǰҪҵһԿףԼҲˡص
պMΪ˱ΪԿģĶҲһ10ڿվľۣ˴Ҳסˡ
Ǯ˭
ȻԴЩǮ򲻵ʵǮ򵽣νǮʹùĥ
ģҲǡճһСӣһԿףҵԿ׶һ壬֣Ҿһ֣
лϴ󣡡һħϲ
ͷٶԣĿԶһM仮¶һĨȴĮɱ⡣
棡
ҪҵԿ׷ָǣ
ˡ
ߣ͵̤أǰȥ׹¶
Сӻ뿪
ǣϴ󣡡

һߡ
գַͣͣһ׷룬һѰҰ֮Խ֮ԴԽǿԽܼ
Ļַ⡣
ʥһ֮°빦Լ֮һ£֮ӭͷϣԹⰵѪ
ʵо޴Ծ
ʱһ˸Ϊ塣
֮ۺ鷳ַоԼһֱб˼ӵĸоϺоĵİ
֮ǰ͸֮۷Լټ
ܷ֣ǿҲܷ֣µȱǾͷˡ
Ҫһ֮ۡĵطѰַ̾ĴѰţ֮ǰɨõı¶ûʱǿʮŹϵعʵԼͷ
ϣǿҪʱ䡣
ţַٿ֮һԶ֪һǿϢĽӽһ˶飬Ϣ
Լ磬ĵڶ֧顣



1797 ַĴ
ϴҪ￪ʼԿף
ǰϴôһûУôҲ˷ʱô
ʲô֮ŵԿҪôңͲĳ10ڿվˣֹǣ˴ﴳͿ˭ˡ
ͷӹۣɫȻ
ؿڴšֻءӡǣĸԱҲһСȻֻصһ֧飬ȫǿߡ
Ҿ˵Զǧַ֮循Ȳѡ
һֲڶУԭԼֻǸӦһǵϢǿȣ쐻޿Ϻ֪Чȴ롭
µĸֹ֪ܿģϢǿȣ˵
ĸ֪ôַо̾
֮ǰː޵ȷʵ޺ħޣƩ确֪ûһ㹥Լ»õħѪһȽ֮£
¿ƺˡ
ːƫظԶ
޺ħ޵״ͼӰ
ַͷ
쐻ģӦи֣֮ͬĵ·ֻҪȥߵͬһյ㡣
ħ޵ġѪȷǿΪԼʵԲʵѪĹӣʵͻ١
ː޾Ͳͬˣ¶һԶάһȶ׼
ʵԽԽ
һֽ׶θǿ
һá
֪ӦȫУСַֻСӵ̸󣬻ȡѶϢ
ֻСǵʵܷԼ
Լ֪󣬾ǰ壬֮ͨǿ߶ֲԼ˵ͨǿߡ
ܲҵģҪôǾǿߣҪôӵ౦İǿߡ
ȻǿǿҲпܡ
ַ֮ȻٶȷŻˣܰȫֻСβͺ棬ǰ濪ɽʯҲġ
ԣĲһң˴ˡ
иȺҲ˾Ӣǰ൱ְַж鶼ΪͬһĿ
֮ŵԿס
Կƺϡ٣ǿ߶֮͡
Կܽգ֮״̬½ȥܡҲڹر״̬
ַĲ²ܿõ϶
ֻС˼У̸˲ٹյ£Ȼпм٣Լ˵˲ټʶ
գʮϰټԪһΣԪһΡ
иֱ֮ӵԴΪԴ޵ףգɢʮһȻκһҪࡣ
ǿߣһ
һַꡣ
Ҫ֪ǰ˴ǿߣҲδһһ
࣬൱֮
Ȼ˴ǿԶʤ塣
ԴͨĻҡվ洦ɵã࣬εἾֻͨװΡ
ı洦ɵãҲն
ԴµĿռ֮
ԴõĻ
޿ܣ
գأʮ֮ϵĳȻڣԴеĴ˵Կףĳۡ
ᡣַ尵ݡ
Լʱ䲻࣬Ҫϵʣ಻һԪʱԼ벻ͻƣȳԽƿߣǱ֮
˵ǿռ֮Լ̥ǡ
Խƿߣռ֮൱ؼ
ԼӵкɫУռʾֻǷȱ㹻õңлиδ֪
˵֮ſֻǧꡣ
ô̵ʱҪҵԿףƺеѡ
ַĵ
Ⱥ۲𣬵Կ׵ģԼһƵʵҲ㡣ԼҲƣٶȿ죬Լĸ֪һġ
ҶӦԼóġ
ҲԿףʹǮַд㡣
֮ŵԿףҪһԼȻƣܰϣȫϡһԿ10ڿվŶ࣬Ĵﲻ
ܼۣкüڿվ
ң
ϴһЩ岿䣬նۣ֮񣬸ܻɿվʱ֮ſǰһԿ׾Ϳˡ
ַͷ
ңһԿ۸еߣԼƣ֮Կ׵ļ۸𽥼£45ڿվһѡ



1798 Բ
ֻС̽㹻Ϣַ뿪ˡ
ֻ֪Сӵʵǲַܷ֣˵ٸҲûκ壬֪ĶѾ֪֪ٶ
ߺǰ·Ҫ
ɨ岿䡣
Ѱ¶
ҵһ֮ܿ
ַĿ
֮Կ׵Ѱңν̫⡣˴ôǿңôҲֲԼһַ岢ûϸ롣
һ˼Ѱ֮ԿףܿӴˮһա
ʵǹؼ
ಣ
ַгУŲ룬İ˴ԽԽ࣬󣬵˴ȴҲ٣ÿһ֧붼ǿߣǿΪףǰǿߡ
µȺֻԴ޵ġƽ񡯡
ӵǿߵĸȺԴȨߣ
һ·ϣַ̫ǿߡ
Щ߸ϵǿߣĴɼ
ΪףҪΪڡ
ûʵױǿɱ
ޣһ岿䡣ַ֮Ѱٸҵһ岿䣬֪ɢȥһ΢ɼĲ𶯣ǰʱ
Ҫ̫֪ܡ
Ҫ֪׼ȷϢ˵Ҫһ
£ûʲôҪ
ΪҪֱǿߵʵףһϢڶͫ׵ķֲֲǿߣūǿߣʮǿߡ
߸ֲǿߣū߸ǿߣʮǿߡ
Դ˾ܿǿʵĲ࣬Ǻ֮
5ǿߣ15-20ǿߣ30-40ǿߡַüͷ΢΢һأԼ㻵һСͲ䣬СͲʵƫһ㣬Ϊӽ
ûаǿߡ
һ˿еѡַϸһ£鷳5ǿߣԼڵʵԸǿ׾٣ǿΪʵūͣϱѪ츳ʶܲöԸ
ǣʵЩࡣ
ôеϧ
СͲ䣬һԡ
潻棬ƾڵ쐻ޣһزʳַмƻ
Լʲô
֪ٶȣǿԶ빥ͽս
Լɵȫ
㲻Уƾ޹ٶȣҲ롣
ַ岢ΪƾСͲʵԼ
㹻ǿʵʲô

ɽһǣб֮ΪצɽĵצɽУһõ岿䡪
Բ䡣
ɰ桮ԡĲ䣬Ԫ
ԻʱԲҲӵкüǿߣشԵʱȺǿ߷ͻö֮ǿ٣ʱֻʣٸˡ
ǿߣһûС
ǿߣ׾ϡҲֻ
ˣǿҲȥǣ岻ƣȺǿ߶ˡ
ɱ壬þ԰Σ˼ңūۡ
ɱ壬Ҳ»
ʶǱҪǿһ㶼Ը塣
ǿߣɱ90%İǿߣʣ10%ҲˣҪ֪˸ԭ൱Ӱʵ
ھǿߡ
˭ûȻ֮ǰҲйһǿߵĶУǸǿŭ壬Ѫϴ岿䡣
Ȼȴ⵽ǿߵķ硣
廢۷ڣȻȺ֮һӡ
ǰǿ߽廹һֻ۱һֻۣϾǿλнˣСǵǲܵġ
ǿɱ磬Ķǿ߻᲻

צɽһǣַǱ
Ͽ쐻޵ǡѪǸ֪ȫĸ֪ͬء

ܷǿߵĸ֪򲻱ַ֣ûգǿߵ򲻱ַ֣гġ
ǣǿӵǿ
ʲ
ǰ䣬5ǿûС
ò˵ǿߺ֪ܽ㣬ʶٻ¶ڵ֮ǰǿߵΧԶū
ڲУū͵ľ䷶ΧǾ޴һȦһȦ
Ҫ͵Ϯȫûܡ
ַ壬ӵ൱ǿԶ빥ѪĻãĿ﹥˾޴һء



1799 
ַ壬ĵصȴ
Ҫɨһ䣬ȵ˽䣬ܸЧԣַĿȻǿߣǡǿ
Ϊ׵ʵǿ֮ǰɱһҪǿ
ֻҪɱ͹֮һ
յĹ۲죬ַĿꡣ

˵̬Ϊ׵ʵΪǾӢΣĸǿ߸ǿһ㡣
ɱֹս˻ҡ
һ֧ӣͳ˧Ҫ
ҪɱǼ׵£ǴɱĸǿߣԼһͶ֣Ҫɱ׾ϡʼûҵһܺõĻᡣ
Ļܻᵽ
ʮա
ˣַ˫ٿһʮķûӦٶۣʱĿһ˵Уƺ֡
Ȼ䵥õĻᡣ
һԶ͵Ϯ
ģַгɵİա
ˡȭַоʱӳ
ǣ
ַȷѣʩչҪ
һԻˣػͬʱūͶӦȻһƬڵɫʣŨаʴūǰһڡ
ȷˣ
౦ռ
ৣৣУ¹â֣ƺڰ
ӵмǿն𵴹֮
׾ϣǿͬһʱۣ֮ػȻϴž֮ɫǿȴӦԣ㲻ҡ
ūڣܲ͸硣
䣡
Ǽ䣬ַĹִڪzϻ굶ֱɱ׾Ϻͣʩչ޹ͽͣǿԶ빥ᱻǵū
һ㣬ַ
߳߳߳
ʥصѸʩչаݺᣬ໥ӳա
ַһ˴кػѴ·磬µӢ۰㣬η壬һζ
ʱǱƻҡҡ׹
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ᣬֻһΣ
䣬ɾϣֱַǿߵūͣЩ֪ʹʬūʵȴǽսǿַ塣
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УϵȻԶϰϵʹñըַĿǰܴﵽļޣūֱӱըԶūҲ˳忪
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һɫâ͸һУߵĹȴǿףһѪɫͻſѪڣҧ׾ϣ˫ͫȻ󣬷
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䣡䣡䣡

ԴǾǿߵεȿ¡
ȴײһǽڣ޹ԴʯķƼ£κλᣬȫڡǽ⡣
˻¶ɡ
ʱ
أ׾ϣַҲǺȻ¡
ƬֺڰֵսһʼƺѾ



1800 ջ
峤׾ϣ֮ɫԱ
ÿһ岿ĸҪĴڡ
˲䣬һͬӴİɫѪϢֱ䱳ͺȻ۾Դ˵һʧȥ֪Ѫ֮С
ĵ£һƬū͵䡣
֮ǰַΧΧ˵ūһʣѪȳǽһƬĿࡣ̳ɢȥǰ֧ԮǿĿɿڴȫ֪ʲô
һ˲䡪
ãã
һȼգմ׹£ÿһŵ¶ȶ·ܽճɻҽħڰ֮УħǿϢɡ
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ǿ˫ĿѪ죬֮ħ𹥻һūȫȥ˭Ҳûڵϵַ壬ֻǰˡ
߳
ΣַĹֱӡ
˺õĻᣬԲݴ
аֱ͵ϮһƤסһǿߣٶȼ죬һ̺ڪzϻ굶Ĩһǿߵľ
һǿ߲ǡ
ʵϾ룬ǿߵ꾫๥ַҲκá
ħǣƣַķ̶˲ĸǿߣ߸ǿȻ֮У
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˵Щϵ󾧼ֵߣԶعʵСҲ⣬ν˷ѡ
ۻȥֵҲʮֿɹۡ
֮һգ
ܿ죬ַ뵽һԲν֮ǰǼͬûϢˣƢ
عʵ
צɽֹ󾧽࣬عʵͬ١



1801 գ
ʮʮʮַһһ߽봢ָ֮Уǳ⣬ԲνʱڴѶʮعʵȵһջ̫ࡣ
׬
ַ˵ʮعʵεջΪԴԻõģֻصĵŻ͡
֮ÿһŶʵʵ
ַʵѪҲ޼ߣֻǷȱ㹻ĶҪΪʱ̫̣ͬȼҲ̳ɺͶħ
عʵܰһ㡣
ϹϵĸӦϹ֮ƣʵ
ЩعʵߣҲϡ֮ɡַ΢΢һЦкعʵ࣬ʱһѱժֵõˡ
Ȼ䶼عʵ棬˭ַһ˼ɣɨ岿䣿
ûС
ӵǿҲֵסʯٵ̫£ǿǿ߶ǡ
Ȼĸԣ̶ȣѱȺǣˡ
ܿ죬ҹ֮ͻ׷ƽ֮裬ַһһؽԲνɨһգһ䣬Ȼû¶Ҫܶࡣ
佨ʱȽϳɡ
ַһԲνʢһЩӰ˵ĶȺĴָ𻵵޵һЩҪϡ
һһַյȫգмʵǰϵϵԪط࣬ɱȺʱնģûãԼ˵üǮ
ɨַϸѰһ飬ֱȫ©뿪
գ
һεջ񣬱һҪḻĶ࣬Ȼðһգڿȫֵõģô֪᲻ɹ
̫ˣս̫ū͡
ȻǺܽʼ̫԰Ȳ
ʵҲѹֵ塣
һӵһ㲻óԿ࣬˵ĺ統һĲ˭ɨȫĺܣö֮ڷˡ
һõĿʼ
ٽַ̤޹󣬼ȥ

Ȼ˸ͷ֮ȴ֮ͣҪѰһ̸ףһҪǿֻǿߵСͲ䣬ƶ̫
˼꣬ջ񶼲Ǻܴ
òҵģϣаǿ򣬻ٵͲ䣬һҵС䣬Ҳʮǿߡ
̫
ʮǿߺǿߣܴ
ַаɱмҿ϶ԼܷȻѣȻ׷ٶȲУֶȴǲף֮۵ĸǿԵӡ
ʮǿߵ֮ӣǿߡ
ַǿҲԸȥԡ
գ̫
Լʵַ
ԸԴӣ
ȥСַĴɨţǰǴĺĵشͰ˴ǿ߲ͬΪԿףԽԽãԽ
ԼȻҲҪԿף¶Ҫ
ңԼܹɨ岿䡣
룬ĲʵֻԽԽǿͲ䣬İǿߣϴͲ䣬ȻСͲڵĿУԽԽС
ܰѲ佨ںĵش壬ࣿ
һɨ岿䣬
ڶβǡ
ַ侲ضˣĵشнԶںҪĿĻ˳׬վʱȥһ֮ŵԿס
ɨ岿䣬һܻȡ㹻ıվ
ڶΡַϸ䡣
ڶɨ䣬൱ɹȫԸơ
Ĳ䲢ҡ
ˡַ˫ʱһԲνһööָ𻵵֤һ˥Լ
ս
䣬ǺȺġ
һ˵ǰ˴
˴ǿȻ岿䣬еġ
Ұ˴ǿ߾磬ĵθϤ
ַ֮ᶯ
У˴ĶôõĻԼȫáԵڶΪһ˴֣˴жж֪Ǵڡ
磬Ĳ塣
ƽŰ˴֪һЩλá
Լһңѡ
Ҫǰ˴Ķϴ·ܷܶࡣ
ϾĲвȥǧ궼һҲֻ
ԣַһ



1802 㲻ȥ
Ұ˴Ķ飬Զ岿ס
⼸꣬а˴Ķ磬Ⱥ֣ʮ˶ȺǶܻһ֮ŵԿף˼塣
ȻżǱߣǼĽ
ʶģһǿΪ
ǿߣȺĻǰ˴ģڸԼжѾһĵλͻȨܽӴܶҪѶϢ硪
ĵͼ
ͼַһ㶡
ԣҪôǿ΢Цβӭ
Ϸб岿λãַʵ
ǿ߲˼صйâʱ¶Ƥͼַǰûƭɡ
ַ⣬ǿûκεɻ岿䱾ǵͼĹؼ֮һ
šַֻƳһۡ
ͼƵʵܼ򵥣ûʲôرĶһ֪١֪һλãһƬرԶδĵش
Ϸȷ岿λõıǣԼһֻΪԶ룬ϣ֮ǰСһ
99%ǿߣϣǿߡ
Ǯֱַӵ
ǿ۾ɫβһǻֵҲ֪ȺΪ˻ͼ˶е˸ǲ
ֱһ㡣ַϡ
̧۵ļԼˡ
֮ͨǿϢʱɢõǿ΢΢һֻǸǼַʵвСࡣ
1000վǿһҧȵ
㲻ȥַбһۡ
ǿڨЦһֵܣҲ֪
300վҪȥҪߡַҲ˷ʱ䣬ֱ˵ʵĵͼֵֻ100վ300վȫۡ
ַν300վ100վ˵ûʲôͬ
ʵ1000վҲһ
ֻҪ1000վһͼȴе̫ͷ굱ԩͷָоַ岢ϲ300վļ۸Ѿܽܵļޡ
֪ǿһӦ
˵300վ100վǿߴӦĿҲַֻּܴۻۡ
ȻǿŤһܿǺַɽףЦ⣬ϲصȥʮ˶Ⱥԣ300վѾһܴĿ
ǣֻһͼѡ
ϸ˵ֻһͼĸλúֹܿܲһ֪
Ӧ͵ЦɡַǿȥķҲǵȻһЦ̯ͼ
ƤͼֽϣÿһɽҰȵȶһλڡ
ҵͼ㣬ٲȻһ˿ζ
䡣ַ֮һϲ
˵ֻҪһϱ׼Լ׬ˡ300վʲô൱һЩϺʱ䡣
ûһϣ300վҲֻǾţһë
һʼַĿ׼Լһ䣬Ӱ䣬˲ʱʧ

磬ǰ·ϡ
һǿ˸߲ңϲʤ
ⱿȻ300վһûõĵͼ
ǰͼҪж٣ֻǱһЩȫ·ܿ岿ѣǡ
԰ûеͼֻҪȥ壬һҲ㣬͸300վˡ
Ϊ׵ǿüͷ΢΢𣺡Сˣɲ˵ͼô󣬵˵д;
ô
ʲôð
ܰɣˡ
ǿߵҲ֪ôҲûҸȡ衣ԣǮûطرҲ˵һ
϶
ԣ
һǿ߿ѣ˸߲ҵظ·
300վ൱һͨļ۸񣬶һȺ˵ҲһʲСǮǿ߹һͼ׬300վ˷ܲѡ
ַ˵300վﳬֵ
СͲ䣡
ĸǿߣ
ģȵڶɨĲ仹Сַϲ
㣬䣬û뵽һͷԼ׼ĸǿ߶Լ˵㲻ʲôвȫܡ
ֻҪĻ
һַֻʮҵᣬһؽɨȷһ㣬˵һ㣬ԶϵڶɨĲôԣջƽƽ
Ȼˣֻۣ֮ʮֻۣ֮5%ɶȻʵʵġ
عʵԼһЩıֵܼҲӽ5000վ
300վ5000վ5%ɶȣ൱㡣
ַͼڶ㼲۶ȥ



1803 ׽ֻ
˫ڶȻҪѷɫһ֡һεĲһͲ䣬аǿַǸӦȻȥ
֪Ϊַ˼
ûпϣ²ô˳˵֪ǿ߲֣֪ǿ֮ǰ¾ѾסϢ
δ򲻹ֱӾַûаԥ
ĿĲΪ壬Ǵ׬ȡһ㶫׶Ϊ
ŵͼ㣬ַܿҵµĿꡣ
һֻʮ߸˵ĳСȺǿߣǿߡ
̶ȱ֮һɨ岿յһΪǿ߲ڣһΡȴ䡣
ֱַ̤̤벿䣬Σ벽ħ档
ڵԺɨСͲ䣬νزء
ৣৣΪ׵ǿ߼ַɴ۾Ȼûö֮ؽ룬һ˲䡪
߳߳
ַǶħδ֣ΪҪ֣Ҫľǿסǿߣܡ
ūַȻδѱնɱ
ٸǿߵĲַ嶼սʮĲ䣬Ըڻ£˫뿪ⰵֱɱذ
䣡䣡䣡
һǣǿ߱նɱҲǿѡܣַ岢δֹֻǺͽħһסǿߡ
ֱȫūɱ
ֻʣ˾
䣡һս˾Ǳſ£ʵĲ̫󣬾ǿۣ֮ȻַĶ֡
ԭǵʵѷɫַ壬˵꾫񹥻ַˡ
׽ֻ

һֻɽħܣַ嵥һֻ
װˣɡ
ֱַӷһţһǿߣǿʵǸһЩֻǸ̤Ǽ
࣬ڵģǿЪ˹ŭ
δгһջ³ˣһס䶼ɨһա
ҴӲΪºڡַ嵭Ȼ
ôˣǿߵɴ˫ͫ
ַͷûôֻǸ˵ֻܻһ˭ϳ˭ܻʣһһֱɱˡ
ʲô
ǿߵɴ۾ַһħ
Уٿǿһһ˿мĿַ壬ЦɱɱҲ
ޡַ嵭ȻӦ
ǿͻȻ뵽ʲôüͷ΢΢һ壺Ϊܱס㣬ҵԶʤǼҲɣ
ַһЦ
һʱһâ
10ֻۣ֮27ֻ֮ſǿǰһֻֻħ۾Ũֱ֮ǿĿ࣬Ȼѡ
ܡǿ߻ֱ
ַֻҪϳһģҶԴūͺǲͬһūʵ
Լú룬ҵޡ
˵ţһ֮۶ʱջء
ǴȻǿߣַתȥ˾ңסֻѡһ˭磬˭ܻ
ϣǸ㡣

編ƣַܿһǿߣȵһ̬ȾӲöˣûЭͼ
ַҲںľͺܸߣƲȺ
嶼ôǿġ
Щˣǣ
һǿߣˡ
ңҡŤŤǿЩ֪룬ǳ֣ΪһͶϣס
ֻܻһϣǸ
~~ַҲ˵Լֱ׳һǿûл磬һū͸°빦
˵˽޼ۡ
ԼԴط֪ܶõѶϢƩ¶䣬Ʃ粿λãԼһǿߣ֪Ŀ϶١
ûоܾ
Ǹǿ߼Ȼѡ˹Ѿӵ˼붷սʤԼ˵ȥҪ
~~
ܿ죬ΧһâַͫӦֶһϢѷɫħ
ǿߣ飡
ޣŮģַ΢΢һȴŮʵѱ𣬲ⲢҪַڣٿȻһصĺ֮һ˲䡪
УУ
ַ弹һƬ䣬ֲ׻Ȼ



1804 ķŭ
һֻ޴ۣ֮磬
ֻ۾עӣƬ·Ҫԡ̡һֻѹڵأֻ֮ɫԴ͵棬ȫɪɪ
˿־
ϢѹܽѹޱߡȻַ尺ͣ˸˫ͫηֱ񷣬˿Ϊ֮
졯ķŭַЦһ
Ϊ졣
װŪˣҪֱַȣ֮ǰԼֻ֮۵ĴڣһοԼ֮ģʵֻ֮ۡ
֣ͬС
ҪˣҪŭ飡־غ
飿
ַ嵭ȻЦָ񷣺飬ڻվһֻڰͷڹѡ
䣬Ȼ֮ŭ
ֱַ񷣬ָ죬ǡ
䣡䣡䣡
޴֮۷ŭѣѹǿʢ£·ܽѹƬȻַȻΪ޾ɫ̹Ȼա
ߡַĮȻƳһֱۣȥ

壬֮
ׯ£һֻ޴Ϻɫ֮ڵ룬ۣ֮ۿΧһЩƣԵøǹӣֻ̲֮ŷǷȻ𾴡
УǿϺɫ֮ΧǱš
ǻ£Ǹģ̬죬һȴͬģǵϢ쳣ǿδ£ϢɢٲȻǵＫ¡
ÿһԴޣĿ־塣
һ˫˫ͫ弫µľŸֲֳһƣϺɫ֮ԽԽ
ǣǾǿߡ
ʱ
ϣ~
Ϻɫ֮ٿؿһ϶ͺ֮Ϻɫâƣ̤һɮǿߣϹһ˫ֺʮϲ
ϸȥϵķȴķ飬һԲεͷ
ߡǿ߹
ɮǿ˫ɺʮ΢΢˸񣺡ּɱһ꣬۲鿴
ǣߡǿӦ
ɮǿ΢΢ף˫ֺʮת̤Ϻɫ֮۷϶
һĸŮߣʲôʱɱ䣬չض
ɮǿ΢΢ٲ֮ʱ
԰գƣɮǿӰʧ룬Ϻɫ֮رգ֮عƽǿ
֮ʱʲôʱ򣿡

żɱ䣬һ
Ĵ죬һػ۷壬Դޣ
֮¾ͱôˣּǸɱɣȻʱϾˣͲˡ
˵û

һߣַУϷֻ۾ɿӸ£Сַ岢ںֻ֮۳ѹͿ֮⣬κ顣
飿
װŪַ岢ں
Լϲ棬̫ʵʵԼ֪Ϊūۡ飬ʹ顯ŭ
˱ɱȻں
˱ūۣȴۣ߰ģֻū۱ˣū۹
Ӱˣŭǡˡ壬ңʱǺڵĲˣΪ̰޴ѡ
ҲҲ
ŭᷢʲôַʵ
ĿɫʧȥҡͷҲ֪һŭʱСֻ֪һǿ߱ɱˡ
ַһ
ϢԼµõ֤ʵǿ߶䣬ȻΪ֮ף̶Ѩ
ٿء
~~
һϤĸоһν٣ͺ˴ԶԼʱΣַ΢΢һ漴׹Ϊ޽ԼѪ
Ѫۣ
̽һƬΡ
УѪӱֹڽУ֮൱ԪֻżһΣʵԽǿǿߣ̽ķΧԽ
ұˡַ
ԼгģֻеһİôҪԼ£˵ֱʩչԼλá
ңһԼѪۣԶֹһ
ͬʱ䣬ڡԼ
ķŭôַ嵭ȻһЦ濴ңһ½׷ɱҡ
ԼǿԸȴСҡ
ˮڣʲôԼû
׷ɱʲô



1805 ʹսһֺη
ңѪɫַ巴ƽ
ͻң⡣
۵ȱ޷ʹãǼǿһ׷ɱȱǿֲġǿߣһһظӦԼλãʱԼ־Ρ
ǵٶȣҡ
ܸӦҴλãҲץҡ
ӵ޹ַԼٶȺţɱԼôĿ϶ֹĸʮʮ
ʱԼһΧ¾ͳ֮
ٶٿ죬ϢססͨıҲƬ
ˣ군ˡųһƬ԰ס
ַڳ˼Ѱŵķ
Ŀǰ˵뿪ݱܷͷѵİ취ֻǱ۸Ӧһ¾͵ӱʵڲķ
δսӣ̫ˡ
ңڱ˷ͷٽһҪͬľ档
ǣԼҲ硣
Լ˵ֹʧȥ¶ۣ֮޷ﵽ壬֮ŵԿ׶òʧɲС
뿪ôԣ
ַ
ǿ϶ģӦǡǿߣһַܿ϶ɱţԸԼһСඣ廹ڴİѾǿ߶ϡ
̫Լˡ
ǡǿߣҲ׶ԸǵԶֹһԸǿԼаգǿߡ
Լֻǿ
ôûУҲȥ岿ˡַ嵭ȻһЦܿ죬һǿ߾ͻɱҡ
ɱҵģȫҪ֮¡
һ̵ռۣ֮սսˡ
ַսʮ㡣
ʹսһֺη

磬ܾûôˡ
һʮʮ٣䶼֪ꡮַ塯Ĵڣɱ֮죬֮ǰַɨȺӳ˸ǹַʵ
ǣ
һǿߣôˣһ㹻ˡ
Դɽūˣǲˣ
ûǰūۣ֪
ɱɱ
Ⱥ𼤰ԭʮ⣬Ƕַ֮ǣÿ伸յϢǿǿߣ
վ嶥˵ľǿ߲ûжֻǷʩ
ַԣɱţ
ûв͸ǽǿ߾ɱһǿߣѾЦԶȥɱһ࣬ƶˡ
ɱַһé®࣬ǿ㹻
ַ䣬ǿǸѪһδεʩչλá
ʩչ֮ҪѰַڣַ塮飬λþ״һʶԶ۷ΧҲܸ֪λ÷ڡ
λõַ壬ʲô
쐻޵ϣ֪ڶ׶Σַĸ֪Ȱǿ߸޷Ŀÿһ۸Ӧģֻͨǿߡ
ַ̤޹
׼úøһȻǵĵ̣ռƣԼҲԼơ
ҪɱԼûôס
ַȻʧЦǿ׷ǾԼĵһǿߡ
Լˡ
ǿߣǿǾӢַ˫ڶεĸ֪ȫȻɢֹÿһǿߺǵūͣǿȶܸ֪
ʵǿһ֪
գԼɱǿߣȡ֮ӣϽħɱǿкѣңԼֶһ֡
ǿߣ顣
Ըųһ㣬ôҲǿߡ

ֱַӿսδһаա
Ϊ滹иսҪľǾܵıʵԼܸս
һսص鷳ˡ
ϾƵ
ǣҿˣˣǿ˷ޱȣһ˫˫۾ڷǿַѾ֮
ǿ壡
󶥼Ⱥ֮һÿһ˶ǾӢеľӢһһûӮǣ˵һ
ռݾƣ
ɱǿɱ⾡¶ٿȴ͵ػͷֹܣǿ޲һ
һ˲䡪
~
ַΧâɷĽħֱǣסһǿߣֱַϮǿһսȻ֡
գڪzϻ굶
߳߳



1806 һз
һ壬ַ嶼Ӯ
һһ׾٣Ϊʵ˾ͨһǿߣ֮۵ãңūַۣûκв
Ψһɵģ
Щó﹥Щó࣬ϣһͨѡ
Ʋۣ֮ʵǡ
䣡ַɾնɱūֱͣɱǿߡ
ܶǿ߶嶼һƹūֱɱǿ߱뷨û򵥣ǳɹ
᲻֪Լ㣿
ʶÿػͷ൱ǿȻɱǿԣûôףһƺ⣬ᱻūΧϣ޾鷳
ַ壬ûС
žžϣ~
Χһѣѿַ̾ѣǶ࣬Һܶ඼ǼֵƵľͼ۸ͨҪǿ̫ࡣ
Щܿ͹ԼС
߳ս棬ַƵһɲǣֱӻɱǿߣг֮ɫȻû뵽ᷴɱ
˲˻ǰķԹ飬һѼǿƺ
Ȼͺһڼ᲻ɴݵı֮ϣȫɵס
ಣ
ɱǿߵ˲䣬ַǳںսǸǿ󣬴һֲޱȡ
䣡һǣַɫȻ
һöûУգۼǿֻʣһߺͽħսˮȣݱ
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ܣǿߵɴ۾һɲ֪ͬôˣַ֣һܿ콫նɱ
ս̶Ƭ֮䡣
ǿ䣬ջֻۣ֮ͨ

ˡиСС󡣡һԣԥԥ˵
ޣַ׼ȥٿز顣ԼյūͣΪСĵ飬ԼԸȻҲûʲôúڡ
Ǹǻǻ㲻
ǸҪ֮Ҳûãɷңҧ촽һ˫ɫͫһ˿
ۣ֮
Ҫ֮ôַ治ѡ
ͷҧŵ촽Щףڹżмֻܹ֮ҪֻҪ㹻֮ͬۡ
ޣַ循ﲻѣǵѪ
ףǸɣһֽ˵̷˵ţ鲻оǿ־塣
̷Ŀֲǿɼ
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˵ʵҲ޷˵һԼɹѹأһսҲͬ飬һ֮ҲӦá
ɹж󣿡ַʵ
ͷҧɣ
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13ַֻۣ֮ȫ顣
˲ã˲ɣȻѡţȥһѣַԲԥȻʧܵĿ䣬Ȼѡ·Լȫ
100ֻۣ֮һʱ
µԱסսΪպ˵ֻҪ㹻ʵ֮ۻûУ
鰲úãַ뿪
۵ĸӦһһһֵսֽܿʼȴԼһѹأҪȥÿսôˣǿӡ


֧飬٣ȫǿߡ
ַüͷ΢šѡá
ԭٴͺѣ˵֮۱չأսֻʣԼͽħȻӮһӣһḶܴ
֧׷ᡣ
ַ壬ȴԶϡ
̤޹ַԼٶоţǰǿҲ޷£ǱΧǱƣȻǿ߲ץ
ûáַ
Լǵ۸ӦȻ֪ԼڣλáֻҪһֱ׷Լ׷ԼǿԽԽ࣬ԼѵͻԽԽ١
أΧȦ£
ȻԼ޴ɶ㣬֮
ѷǣһɱһг
һзַһ߼룬һ˼Ű취ٿͫһ




1807 ո׷Һˬ
һÿ죡
ôҲ׷ϣˣ
죬ٿĸλãҪһʵСӶˣᱻȺЦģ
ǿੲݡ
նУûκūͣΪַٶ̫죬ū͵ٶȫϣҲû£ūͶ֮Уսʱ˲ܳ֡
~~
ܿ죬һǿߵ֮۱һռ𵴣ϣĸΧΧȴӦλá
ٿء
ৣ۸Ӧеǿɫ㺧羪㤰͵һһ˲һɿɲϢؾ𵴡
֮Ԫأ֮ԪأȻͬȻ֡
Żʵĵ⣬ĸǿҲɫ䣬һū˲ʱ֣һâҫػ
䣡䣡䣡
ݺᣬ޼᲻ݡ
밵ĽϣƽַĹףǿһֲʱ˭ҲûһɫâѴ͸Ƿɳ۶
ɢ
ղɲǺըϿһΣ꼻һ֣ĸǿ߾δūػǲδʲôˣֻЩūͱɱ
ΪַĿ겢ǡ
ĸǿߵɴ۾ʱȻ֣ղʩչ۵Ȼɢ֮أһ˫ͫŲʺţſ˫ַ·Ҫץסʲôȴץ
ô
ĸǿȫˡ
ûץɱһˣղŵĹͻȻʵ̫죬쵽ǸûӦǱַ͵Ϯóѣɱһ
죡ҵλã
ӲԶ
һǿߡϡѸһǿϢɢһ˰Ĳƣɢɫء
Ȼһɲǡ
ৣӦеɫȻ䣬֮ǰһķӦ˲Ĺٴ٣ڿռ
~~~
аݺᣬǲڪzϻ굶ʱչ籩ĹƣȻ䣬޹һѪ⣬Ѫֱ˺ϵķ
޳ܣˣ
ǿߴʱڷӦдſ־ŭۼڶͬ鱻ɱȴΪʱ֪ʲô̡
ѪۣǽУ
еʩչѣϾģ޷ųūͣһĸ֪ĺǷиػҲûãǿߵͲҡ
ַĹ̫Ե
ԭ޹Ѿǿй񸽼ӵϵѪ绢ҡ

״̬ҲûһǿܰȻصס
ȻūͿ
ڣʩչѪûκūػ
䣡ַɱϵ˲չҹƣٲܣӭʣǿߣԼɱͬ飬ڱŭģȻǿ̬
ʧء
ǻǵʱ
һ٣ٶ˥ߡ
һַԭаգֻ̫󣬵ºһ̬ͬʧո󣬶һ֡
ã~~
񱩻ӿԭ
ǿ߽пһδƽһ𣬽ħĳִǸϵѹΪǲֵ֪жٸ
ԭ̬ʧ⣬ͺƳһѷ졣
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ڡַĹһؼᶨǿ󣬵ͣڽħ£ܿ콫ǿ߻ɱ
ˣˡħĿһۡ
ַóһعʵֱʳǣС¡
һů壬ˬŨ֮鼰عʵܿ췢Чַ岻ں˷ѣعʵеǡ
޲ƺȥһЩʲôվȽŸعʵҪж٣
׼һ£һַѸոֻۣ֣֮ͬʱʮͨ
Ȼÿһܼѣջȴ˶ۡ
ǿߣһ
~ַĿԶǿߵϢԽԽӽ΢΢һԽħ˸ƣʬ𼣣Ѹٶȥ
һս
ַձƣܿһǡ
Ȼһǿʵǿ˴ۣԼȻ׷ʱһ岿ǿߣѱ롣
䣿ַ
ǵģǲйӴһͲ䣬ܼʮǿߡ
ʮַ΢΢һЦ
ԼɱܹʮĸǿߣҲ˵
ֻʣΨһһǿߡء䡣
ո׷Һˬַ΢΢һЦȵߣ·
г𲻱Ǿӣ



1808 ̫ԣ
ͬɨҶַ岻Ѵ֮䡣
ȻнˣǿֻʣΨһһʣǿȫǿ߻ɵϾǿߵ˵Цġ
ַ壬ȴȫߡ
ټһȺһƬǽ壬ʬҰҲ̶á
ʵЩʬ׶ǿū۵ūͣµġǽѣĽѡжĥ±ˡ
ַһ֡ȫ
壬ġַ̾ѣԼͨѾﵽ229֮ǰֱ
Դһֻǿ߲һһֱ
ЩաַΪԴʷԶȺġȷʵܸԣ
֮ǰնһְ죬Ⱥ룬ÿһ϶١
һһεۻ֮ߵ
ԴޱȵľҲȱ
ǺܿбȾһÿһǼαԼȡñȾǿġ׿Խʵܸһ¥
¡
ӿٶȣЩѹθɾɡַЦЦ
£ıɱԼ֮ǰѹεӣҪ࣡
壬̫ԣ

Զһ˵СǼš
ɫǺܺãһɫأΪ׵һԱһ㣬ý򰾢Уž˵ı˸о൱Σա
ǿߣѡ
ǿߺ绡
Сַ֮ǰһ֧ʱеĸԱ³·֮Ľ
ɱ
ϣͬȼʵĽɣǿҲˣľ൱̬
ٿͣ
ôˣϴ󣿡ʵ
ǰвսۼüͷһšԶ
ƲƲС죺ʲôǲüô湻ùģӶǿߣǰǧ궼һΡ
ǰЩǿ߾ͺͻȻųƵģĶײ
һѵĻش
ﲻһߺʵ
ǰѲɻ岻ɣ绿Цһ
˵׼ѵĻشߺ޲һ㶣ȻĿѻعͷĿ˸ǰһĲ䣬ڡ
ûκϢ
ʲô
ߺ绵ɴ˫ۡ
ѡǰȥһ
׷֮ŵԿףðȻҪðǹѣ֮ŵԿ־ڱصá
ͲСˣҪͻƳΪǿߣվԴۣ֮õ;
ȻֻˣҲô壬ϾǰǿߣֻҪϰǿߣԱ´࣬ǿҲɵȥǿߡ
Ӽ˻ҧأ˵ˡ
ңǻɵ

УַǴɨ
һڴ֪καϢٿַĿ΢΢һڶθ֪ļǿǾߵظӦ
ĿռƺЩַ֮ͬĿ
һΡĴɽַܿٽɽȻѨӨӨ䱦ʯŸ־꣬ѳһâ
ʯѨƺЩԾ
ַУռʱҲռ۵㣬ַ΢΢һתͷڣʮء
ռؾַ˵
Դռؾڣڴֻǿռ죬ܸ֪һбһƬµأʱ
վַǽǶĿ󾧣͸ŨĿռռ主ԣĵվǺ¡
һţһС
ĿվΪλ㣬Ѱ˵Ѿһʾ˵ĲƸַ˵ȴǡ
ڵңԡڡΪλ
ȤַƬռؾʮָȤǰС
ռؾ൱Σɽ֮䣬벿Ҳδֵܷˣǿռ൱ߡ
֪ûн
ַܺ档
Ƭؾıʮ֮˾ǱȡգûôռؾӦΪٵı
Ȼɨ䣬û˻Ӷࡣ
ҡ
ʵһѵıӻ֮ءַ֮ǶĿռ䣬Լ֪ߣ֮ۡ
ǿߣҲܸܿӦԼ



1809 ǿߣ
ǽһƬ䣬̤Ӱ
ԹΪ׵СȻƬʬף漫Ϊ𺧣Щľңǧ֮ء
ʲô
һ岿䡣ɫȻ̤ʬ֮䣬Ŀɨ̲𾪣ؿ΢΢
ֹߺ绽Ŀɿڴ
䣡
£Ǳɨһգ
Ǵûû岿ᱻɨΪÿһɨ岿ǿȫˡһǿߣǿߣôɱģ
оǿ૵
ǿɨһ岿ʲôһɻ
֪ӦòǰǿߡѵԽǿǿ߻ܻɱһǿߣһȺ޿ܡ
˺ǵӵġ
᲻ңʵ
ҡͷ಻һǺŽᣬ޿ܱ˴ɱìҲύɡڶ˵һˡ
ѳһǾǿģԴֻһδ𵴡
ΪǿߣһԱ󽫣귢£Ͼǿ߷ԴѾǽˣʮѡ
κһǴ¼
ǿΧɱһǿ֮£궯һʱҵǸǿ߶ų̂Ȼһս
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ߺ˷ܲѡ
˫ҲǷ𾫹⣺һͲҵ׿϶ܷǸһ㣬㹻׬ˡ
ߣߺ˲仯⣬ֿ
һЦӰҲʧ
˵ѰٶȲν죬תѽ䷭˸׳죬Ȼȴǰ㱦ﶼûõ˸߲Ҷȥüء
ĵ˵ѰֻҵΪһЩɢ󾧣Ͱعʵ
ûˡûˡߺҡͷ
üǿ߻ݣɨ껹ѹһգǡ
ε˼ֲʶǣ˵ˣʶҲһۡǿ߶ǣǿ߸ɢأԴ㲻ʲô
߸ϵľǿߣԲںˡ
󾧲٣ÿʯﶼһЩıʯƷʲôģҲֵʮվɡߵ
ʮʲôðá绿Цѡ
ǲôÿʯݶЩʯʲôģ
˼ǡ˲ʱȻĿ͵һԶһΡĴɽвƵľ
صͷЩ϶׿ãֲϡģÿʯݶУȥɽϿЩջҲ˵һ
ֻͬоҲֵǧ򡣡
ص㹻пܳǧֵģһ٣иվѾ
ܿ죬˱ɽ
ȵȣѵɴ۾ʱ΢΢¶ޱȾϲռ۵ǿռؾǷˣпռؾ
ߺ޲һޱȡ
Ѻ٣һͷԱڴɽ֮УжΪѸͣߺ绽棬˷ܵͨ죬Ҵ
ʧ֮磬֮ɣܣ

ռؾС
ַǰţؾ෴ؾ˵СģؾЩɱһȫµ硣
ռؾֻһƬɳĮԭ
նһЩ̲ݡõɳӣ̲ݾǿվɳӾЩ߲ʰ쵣ۼıʯ
ƯЩʯô
վԼҲֻǼߣȻһ·վнǧҲûʲôá
Լɱһǿߣϵֵܼǧˡ
ܸԼһֻ֮ۡ
֮ǰùˡַĴţˮ¥̨ȵ£ԱߣȻпռؾ
ԼڲҲѳ˲Ӱ˵͸ر
ûã¶Լڴˡ
쵽ͷˡַ֪˱ݣǰУԽһƬƬ򣬺ܿ쵽߽֮ٿһӡԺַ岻һ¶ȻЦݡ
󣬾Ȼоϲ
仹ǲڿռؾľͷ˼ҡַչüһЦŨĿռ̲ھͷһУʮ֮˾ǿռ䱦
ಣ
ַٶȶʱӿ죬תۡž£˫̤ڵϡ
ǣַȻǰ



1810 ޴Կ
ģһվɽ
Լ׸ߣСɽ壬ַվڿվɽǰ΢΢ЩȻһЦ֮ǰΪӴĿռĳռ䱦뵽һվɽ
ʲôã
ѹﲻûáַЦЦҲû⣬վûʲôϾϵѾ㹻ˡ
쿿վɽԽԽҲԽԽ
͸ɫ̲Ų׿ռַĿǰٿ۾һУ΢΢졣
ǣ
ڿվɽģ⡯һѾ޴ԿףԼ׳׿ɫԿӡŹӵ·Կʮֺأܡ
Կף
ַ΢΢һ
Կʲôģ
ĪرԿףַһɣϸкûĲر⣬类Լ˸׳졣
Կף
ַ΢΢ĿԿ׹ӵĻ֮ϣٿ֮һ˫ۣòᡭ
~
ɲȻ䣬ַ͵ػͷ
ӦϢ֣ԼĸӦΧ֪ʱɢַһȻʧЦǣ
ԺиֳսʱΣַһЦ
ԼðһԱɹƭȡΣ֮ڵһ岿ʱֿδû뵽ײϡ
ৣ
ַͫʱսճֱ֣ƿվɽ
Կ˵

䣡¡~
ռؾУ
޲һۣʱ伲ٶֱۣȡǰȻ˿ռؾǱûˡ
ǰ޴󲨶Բݴ
Ȳһ˵
˲ʱ䡪
~~~
Ӱμ۵ͷʱؾ𵴸ոɢֻһվɽ£һʶӰڿУץһ׳ľ޴Կס
㣡ַ壿Щϳַ塣
˴ͬйһ֮ԵԼǵá
þòַ̤֮ϣ΢Ц˴к
ȷʵþòĿַеԿףͫ׶ʱŴ󣬺١
ĿɿڴַָеԿף⣬⡭
ַ壬ô⣿ߺ
ַЦЦһײؽ
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㣡
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㣬һˣ绲ŵ˵
ַһһˡ
ⲻܡֱҡͷŵ૵
ַҲ͡
˵˵ԼŲǡ
ַôɣ߾С죬𾪲ѡ
͵һ̧ͷ˲뵽ʲôֱַ壺֮ǰɽǿϮǲȥǸ䣿
ͬ鰢·󣬹ˣȴôʲ
֮ײͬ飬һͬǸ岿䣬һΪ·һǸ岿䵲ǵķڱؾ֮·ϣɱǣҲҪ뿪
뵽ǵǸ岿䣬ŷһƬȥ¥ա
ԡֱַӹѡ
һͷȻлȣֵַܡ
绺ҲǷӦȻַʵǸмѣַ幥岿䣬Χκԡ
ģͲֹǰ·һ
ҪС
ַ֮͡΢΢һЦҲµʲô
֮ǰЩ΢΢̵գʱΪУ˾ӣҲǶ𱨵ıСˣ˵ԺУȻַ嵱һӡ
ͬһԲɱ
ҲַǼ٣δ֪ʵжЩɵ
ûĸɽ
ǻĸ˴磬ַȴһˣڻúúõģջǱӻҪ࣡
ֵܴô֮ŵԿףٿʵ
ַͫ΢΢һЦ
Կ϶ԼĲ²⣬ԼӿվɽȡѾ޴Կףڲ10ڿվ޶ɽĳ
֮ŵԿף



1811 
ʱûʲô㡣ַ΢Ц
˴֮ļ徫ӢѰ֮ŵԿףԼõ˵ЩʵҲԼõ
ʮǿߣ岿䣬Ǿǿ٣Ȼûһܴ䡣
䣬Խ˿ռؾò֮ŵԿס
ֵӦ֪Կ׵ļֵ˫ͫɫĵһѣĳ10ڿվľ޶
ַ֪΢Ц
ʵ϶Լ˵10ڿվûʲôɨ䣬Լͻ10ڿվٶ10ʲôã
ֵƺԿ׸Ȥ10ڿվ绺ǺЦ
ȷˡַ岻ϡ
ش̾һ϶ʧ֮ɫ
ַһ٣Ŀɨ֣˵Կ׵ҪʵҲûôߣֻҶԿվûʲôȤ
ס

ʵﵽһ̶ʱԽǮȻ٣ǿ˵ֻҪ㹻ʱ䣬ȫɳʮ֮أûκΣա
˵ĿվȻ׬ʱ䶼ܵõ
ֵܵ˼ǡ̽ʵ
ַЦЦ
˴Ȼûԣѵ˼ԼԼ˼Ҳ˽⡣
׿Խǵȼֵıֱַ˵ԼûȤͨԼ¸һţë
ΨȱƷ㹻
׿Խ
ֻҪһϵ׿ԽԼʵϡƽɻۣһɶ
Ҫ
׿Խ˿
Ϊַ֮һ𣬰ַ̾ҰģҲַ֪Ҫܺһ׿Խ۸1ڵ20ڿվ֮䣬֮ŵԿһмУֻҪһ̱ᱻߡ
ڰ˴У׿Խ൱ϡ
һһҪ󲢲ݡ
ֻǡ϶û׿Խ¹ǰǿߡ
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˵ַ
ɫϣܰұԿףһʱ䣬һ뾡취ȥһ׿Խ
Ŀԣַ˵ͷû⡣
һ꣬ܶݡ
ԼŵùѣҪھͶˣûҪȥȱǿߣǿߵķ緶һûйϵԼʱ뿪硣
лֵܣͷһ󡭡ַ塣
档ַ΢Ц
õֵܣڣ
ڡ

ַ߹ˡ
ԼҲ֪ҵ׿ԽļʲߣԹѶǸᣬϾ˴֮һѹףҵҲ˵һ
ַЦЦ⡣
ҵȻǺãҲҲνԼûʲôʧ
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ǣˡʱ֣Щ԰ף֮۵Ľȥ̫ྫʱ״̬޷ս
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λúϢṩģȻԼҲҴ󵨵һ岿䡣
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֮ǰʮֻܼʮֻ֮ۡ
˵ǽĿԴȻˣĸųǿ
ַҲһЦ
˵һ鷳ѾҲûʲô˵ؼսǣԼǺܴġ
ң֮ɶһʧܾͻܷɶ
ƴԼΪˡܰһһ㣬֮۲ʲôٸֻۣ֮ԼȻкܶʣࡣ
뿪ռؾ
ûһǻû̫ı仯ֻɫ԰һЩ·ʮꡣ
޷Ӧˡͫһϲɫ
šַͷ
Լϡ
֮ȻޱߡܿһУƺûǻֱֻۣܷܿ棬ԼڿռؾһƬռ䣬磬ȻӦԼ
ڣҵһƬ֮ءַ
ռؾȻ㲻ϰȫϾ벻ԶطҪȫôһ㡣
棬Լ㵽ص֮¶Ρ
ĵ̣Ǿ޴֮۵ļӣûаܿԡ
һ꣡
ȹһꡣ
ܿս
ַ尵ݡ
Լ飬Ҫʱ䡣
һ겢ȴһʵĻڡ



1812 һ
һҪܫһС
ֻһꡣ
һʳعʵַһ
ⲻӵĿռؾУҲʱܻᷢս˵ȵʱ䣬ѹ
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Ӿһɲ𣬾ͬڵ裬ʱܱɱбͬĻ»
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ñ֮ǰǿ
~~ŨĹ֮ܲȫַӿĹ֮Դܿռؾй֮Ԫؼôܼعʵֲ
ȻһЩ˷ѣַ岻ں
ɨ䣬ӵеعʵ̫࣬˵һ꣬ʮ겻ϵطʳ޷ȫ
ͬʱæ˷һҲ
˷Ѷһ㣬ٵʱЩսԵĹ֮ӶٵȡڶعʵԹĸӦϣϸɱ죬ȵȡ
˷ѣ˺¡
ҵĵ磬Ѵﵽ趥壬Դ100%ܫʥصַʮ㡣
ϵذʾϵرԼ
ܫĿǰ⣬ֻܷ95%辳硣
95%100%ܴ
ӵй֮ԴǿɼʥصУɴ˿ɼһ㡣ַƲȥĿƣսʵż֮ͨ䡣
ĿƣɻɱǾӢǿߡ
ܶǶǿߡ
ܫ100%ʥص100%֮밵֮Ƶ£ҵսﲻǾӢΣҲ϶ܳͨ
壬½Կ޾塣
ַ尵
磬һսӡԺΧһ֮Դѹͼ޵ı£ʹޱרעǱϱھ
ˣҪȵȺ
Ϊ˵Ǳ޾
ڼΣ£ַ岻ʩչܫܫ⣬Թ֮ĸ˿ϣѸ
߳߳
֮£һԽԽ

Ŀ꣬ʧˣ
ǿ޲һٿ׹ǺһЦӣȥ켸ûġ
۸Ӧζʲô
ôˡ
ǰҶû湻ء
ϧˣ֪ĸնɱģ
ӦɣλþǱߡ
ûΪһء
ǿȫȻû⵱һ¡
վǿߵǻٴУԴ²һǿߣʲô忴һ˳ɽɱ
Ȼ粨ûƽϢ
ַûбɱǿ߲֪ġ顯ǵȴһ
֮
ǣס
ҵһ֮У
ɱ࣡
ǿɫѿɮߡӦۼɮٴνϺɫۣ֮ǿ߲ųһ
һѵ
浹ù
湻ƻģˡ
ʲôϢıô
֪ô˵ǣж󣬾ʵҲӲģڵ߶ܰڳ
ϴ۸Ӧʧλÿʼ𡣡
ã

磬ٴδ
˽ӵ޲Ȼ
ǿ߻û
Ӧ

һƬȻǿԺԲҲѭǾһչѲֻһεԵãࡣ
˴͸徫Ӣӿǿ߶ˡ
ͷСһȺǱģһײϻǴǲŲ飬Ҫø߰ͷ
Ц
磬ǵĵ̣
˴ǿ߽пԭǧ궼ײһǿߣ洦ײһʱս׷ɣ˱Ұ
ǿһֱҲǸ꣬¼ʹסҧɱŹ
˴ǿҲǳصģһҵԲ̫ǿУǿͬҲУ
Īģ˴ַ嵲˲ٵ
ս𣬲޴
Ȼռݴƣǰ˴˶ڣȻᣬ˴ƽ̯ڳܷΧ屾˾٣һһ
ܿ죬Ծˡ
Ȼˡ
սĿ죬ȥҲ죬˴ǿҲֵˣǱƲѣǲŲǿƴ˵ùӮͬ
һʱ䣬Ŷ
ڿռؾеַ壬Ŵ£Բ֪Ϊ˾ޱ䣬ʱڹؼͻƱԵ
ܫУ



1813 ն
ѹѹһˡ
ͬʱѹҲʹ˽޶ȵھǱ
صѹ£ַǱ󻯵ıܫսںһ𣬹֮ԴУǿһ壬ޱȹҫ
ɲǼ䣬һ⻡ɳ۶֮âɣ޿ƥС

ǰվعʵ֮Ѿʥصռؾһ㣬𶯲ѡ
Уɡ
ܫǿһУȿԶֿɽս
еΪնɱ
ͳΪն
ַ˫ͫյ
նĴͬʹĵһ㣬ȻԴľ磬ƺѾЩͨıԵ
΢ģ
Ҫ
룬ѾһܴĽ

䡣
Gղźв
ҲˣǴɽġ
ߣȥ
۶ԻĸӦó֮ȻóַղŵĹ̫̫ͣռؾǣ𵴣ֻ΢ĩһ㣬˵ȴ
Ǽ䣬һ֧ǿɵĶ鼲۶Ŀ
ǣᵽζ
ռؾ
ʲô侹Ȼпռؾ
ʲô
ҴŲ֪˰ɣã
ǿ֣ܿ췢ֿռؾĴڣ˵£ַûѱ䣬ͬпܷ֡
ϲ⣬ǿѸٽռؾ

߳߳
ַһգһֺڪzϻ굶ĥȻͬĵܫʥصԪرԴҲǲͬ²ܷǿ
Ч
ںȻ˳ȴһһģԱλԪطںϸǿһַ˵ֻǵ
ڼعʵʳֹǿ壬ʹ֮ࡣ
սһ
ڵսѾȳͨԵܺǾӢǿһϸ¡ַԼʵ⡣
֮¶
ǿߣֻҪǿߣҶһս
ңܫԶ빥ĶػܷӳǿԸūͼѡ
һɨܽ
ʵ㹻ǿʱѹġ
ٿȻ䡪
ţϢӦУַ΢΢һתͷĿԶϢӡԺһǶǿߣҲǾӢǿߣкԼһͨǿߡ
ûаǿߡ
áַݸһЦ
ռؾᱻ֣Ͼ䣬Լ︽ʧ岻ĻڸչѰ
ҵԼ¡
Ե

ǿߣūͿ·صܲ͸磬ǿūǿߴڲ֮ء
ɹ˿ء
ƺƵӴ̤ƽռؾǿУĴؾǰš
Ǹ಻߰ɣ
ҪǴˣ
Ժܴϴ۸Ӧλþʧģ֮ǰΪʲôϢڿǶˡ
һ湻ģܶãᱻ֣һܡ
⣬໹е㱾µģһ飬λɢ㣬ӷ϶ˡΨһǶǿ߷˻ǿ
һֿʣһһĵӦ˴ˣսߵһ򿪣ַκܻᡣ
Ȼ岻֪ǣʼַ嶼ûܡ
䣡
ɲǼ䣬һһâ֣ԪصϢ˲䱬ַȰĳ֣ȫûаԤףֱǿ߾ѡ
ôܣǿ𾪲ѡ
оַ񱩵ϢԪϢҲľѣǵĸӦߣȻӦַڣ
߳
İ׹⣬žǿĹ֮ԴһѺĹ⵶ֱǿǰūͷϢ֮ǿǳʥ⵶ǿС
ͬ100%裡
ȴȻͬ
䣡
ܫУնһαͼӰЧֱӺū͵ķ֮ݿ࣬޿赲
ַΪ˶Ըµĵ
ն
һδƽһ𣬹֮ԴŸմݻūʹһƬڰ֣ʥصǿƴַɱ;ģӰսֱ˺ҧǿߡ
죡
ַûаԥ
һҪӮҪӮøɾ䣬ʹʹ죡
һѽȣ



1814 ʤ
սɱ
ֹǿŵ߻겻ǣǰַȫͬ
˷ְ;˷ּɡ
оħһ㡣
ˣ¡¡һ߾ʬӣȫΪַɱūʹ赲ַԵĵ·ǿ߶ͷϵֱַ֮塣
Ȼ
ʵ֮ѾǿŤת
꣡һַǰǿ߶ѱ˵ǿߣַĽսǰǼġ
֮밵֮ƽƤ֮ϣַٽǿߣһǿɱ
ɶ񣡡㣡λмλõǿʵǿġ
ǲ󣬶βˣڻսҲ˵һ⵽ΣϮ̾ͻԮ
ս̫̫ͻȻ
ǿǿ߾Ѿһʱ䷴ӦǰȥԮɲǵʱ䣬ͬǱɱ
ս׵һҲǿߣϿ٣ɱݺᣬõ֮һ
µǡ

ܣǿȽ⣬Ǻ֪ж󣬶Σ
ǰǿҲɱꡭ㷴ӦûС
ûˣ
⵽ô£
ǿ֮𣬵ݲ˼ΪַܿǷΪ׵ġ⡯һƬֳɫâ֮
ԲԴС
ңԼʵʮ㡣

ӽɫâ˷ַ־ˣǿħҲԴһƬ졣
˷죬֮ȡ
ӣ
ǿĹƾǿ߷ͥ
ַ屩ȣŤ
ǿͶ־֮밵֮ƽɫмתռؾӿ˵Ŀռ羨̰
ֳַڷصĵӰ
ǿǿ
ƣַ˫ӣսӼ£ܫʥصʱһںɫǿҿ£ںϵһʵͻơ
׵ĽӲûеһ˲ƣǺϷ飬ӿĿռΪģ໥䣬֮ǿɲǼ塣
ѹѹ
ַͷ¶ǿѹ궯ĹⰵԪأ弫ҲǰӶһͰ
ûкɫеıѹס
£ȴǿѹס
𾪵ǰĹâľɫâȫȥһ̾˵ֱ֣񷡣
ǰò˵࣬ǿʵ
䣡䣡
¡¡~~~
ռؾҡַɫ΢Բ԰ףЩһǿ֮ԼҲȫס
Ƕǿߣɱ
ǾӢǿߣˣ
ֻǲˣɼַ幥Ŀ£ǵūͣڱըлΪҽʬ嶼û¡
ַһ޹ֱӶȡǾӢǿߵ
սУԲԵκʴȡ
ַ岻˷ֱϮǰȻԼͲߡǿѹƣȻٶȣֱȡռؾڡ
ӣ

죡ߣɫɷף־岻ѡ
ۼⱻɱǿǶǿߣĶ֣ʵôǿ⣬ȴɱ
εȵľˣ
ңȫ޾ӵв֮һĶ֣Ѿȫɥʧ־
ûκӮĿܡ
ܴӿռؾӳǵͬ飬ֲܴбס
ǿ߽ҧأһƬ䣬ܸоֲϢԽ׷ԽܸоĽ١
ǲ
ƴˣ
һǿģһǹģ֮۵úʹңǿʵԴС
Ƿŭ;Ĺȴ㹻ǿ
䣡
ִַ˫ⰵƵĽںɫ֮УħǿϢȻչ֣һ˫ͫɱȻ
ɡַ飬֮һڡ
̣~
ʬȻ£ǿ䡣ַɫƽۣ֮Ӱһȥ
һ˵ˣսһǳɣ覡
ʤ



1815 һɱһ
ȫʤ
ǿһ𣬱һţлַһսҲֻлᣬ״̬ѵַ壬˵Ǳɡ
ַԼҲû뵽ڿռؾʵ̶ֳܱȡ
ࡣһعʵַѸٻָƣɫյٶȷŻ࣬ΧŨĿռղѽιñ
ɫУһ̨
Ĺ㹻ߣ֮ƺͰ֮ܳסǿʱȻչֳ
ˣΪַ޷ܵס
һι밵ϵںϡ
˵ںϣ˵Ǵܸһ㣬һȴںôһ˿ֻж̶ɲǣѹ֮±ѴﵽǲΡ
ַ
ûпռؾ⾪˵ĿռԼܱս
Լڵʵһսʤǿ߻ûģûӮôɣҲһɱȫ
~
ַٴλ䵽ռؾͷȶָʵ
һжԲж֮ǰ䣬ʮĸǿ߷ֳ׷ɱԼЧʸߡ
˵һӣܿܵڶĶӶڲԶ
ԽСͲԽ٣ͲͲ䣬ǿȻȱ
һɱһ
ɱһ˫
ַսȣռؾ֮սﵽǲΡԲô뿪Ϊ뿪ͻᱩ¶á
ȴ
ַ壬ż
ɱԼǾ
˭һ

䲻Զһ֧ͬǿɵĶٿͣ½ŲΪ׵ǶǿߡݡɫȻһ䡣
ôˣϴ󣿡һǿߡ׺Сʵ
ˡݳ
ʲô
ǿɫȻ䡣
ӦҲˡɫأ˫ͫһ׹丽ġ
Ǹǿɱģ׺е
ݳԴް˴ǿڶ࣬޷ȷǷҵˡ˵Ǹ࣬Ҳܺǿ߽汻ɱ
УݲԼĵܵ⣬һС
ûܣ
ô붼ûܡ
ĵܵҲͳĶ飬սȻĶôǿ߶飡
˵һ࣬ɱһǿ߶׾١
ô죬ϴ󣿡׺еЩɵ
ѣĿ¶⣬ûа⡣
ʲô£
䣬ûһų򣡡

ռؾڡ
~ַɫȽһĨ󣬲԰֮ɫȥ㹻عʵʵָܿ졣ԭֻһˣ޹ش󰭡
һ֮ڿ쵽˰ɡ
Ӧÿˣ֪ûҵ׿Խ
Թѣַ廹ǴһΡ
ϾΪǿѾãкǿϵ磬Ūһ׿ԽԼ׬ˡ
֮ŵԿףַȻҲϲԶ׿Խ
õõģõġ
ο֮ŵԿײֹһѣԼѣҲܴӲһѣ10ڿվѣٶ10Ҳ
š
ղǼܲ
ַղһսͷǿ߱Ĺ൱ϬԼ־Ѿ㹻ǿԱӰ죬ս
ҲΪˣԼܼǿսһٽɱ
ԽǿĶ֣ܱƳԽǿԼ
ַһֱŷսʵ÷ʽ
ղżѾӽ׿Խ˰ɣַĵûУǾ۷
йâһʱһŽɫԲĽ⣬һƵɫʣһϸĲڽɫԲ֮ϣء
ħػڲֱַ࣬ںϡ
~~ɫԲʱ仯һϸĲƾͺСַ֮߰Уɫ߹âһѶϢӳԺޱ
ӣ
౦
ԭˡַܿԴĹӵԺıǿ
ͬʱҲкܴΣԡ
Ͼغ꣬һܴ
ԸղŽӱʱǸǿԶһ٣˵㴴ˣ޷ȫַס
бס
ܱӽ׿ԽͬʧһЩĶ
ԼǼı
ΪԼǿ
ĺͷɣҿ£Ӧ׿Խַĺ㣬ԼǿȣǿߣҪǿˡ
˽ӣڿռؾҾ㹻ıֶΡ
ǿһ̣



1816 
ںϽӺַܿںһ
ɫͷˡ
Ǽɫ
ļҵ൱ַʮһѡֻǸܴʵ
һõ£δػʮһ
޹Ĺ죬˵ĹӵЧֱַ𣬵۹˻ǿҸԼĵѪ
˱ħǺϡ
޹Ҳһй֮Ƶһ޹̲ع֮Ƿ౦˸ȫһЩ
౦ʱ㹻ˡлƵģַ岻ϡ
̰ᡣ
ںϵԼԶĹҲ١
һֶֹԼ߽ʹãһֶԼ޹У˹߶ֻľˮ׼
ҪȽϣϽһ롣
ӣַ˫˫ͫ׿Լռؾڲز˶ʱ䣬¶ǳ¡
֮ǰ뾡ʵԽǿԽã
뿪ռؾԼҪкͰǿ߿
ܱס

̤̤
Ӱ̤ڿռؾ֮ǰ֮ǰһǿߣΪ׵ĿȻȻ֮ĵܵ˷ɱս⡣
ǸͶôϴ󣿡׺ʵ
ԣҺܿ϶ݵͷ
ǽȥ׺Щԥ
Ƴһۣһǿߣʲô£
ǡ׺мɵ
֪˵ʲôס⣬ң۶ʵҪǿϣҵʱ˭Ҳ֪пǸ⡣
Ҳţɱһӵ
ߣ
԰գݱ̤ռؾ֮С
ǿհ漴ϣӰʧռؾͺƹرϴһٴ
գһǿҲˡ

ַһЦ
ǿߣ֮ǰļûΨһͬǶƽʵһεǿǶĸΪǾӢ
ƽʵ൱
պãڼҵʵҲַһЦ漴
ڶս
ʵַʮģڵʵǿٶ඼޾壬´򲻹ܵ
սս
һĻãַʵ
ڴսϵ࣬ȴַøȫ棬ûκǣǽսԶƷ깥һӦȫ
䣡䣡¡~~
ռؾҡž޴ĳͲڿռؾУǲؾҲֻϸ΢
һǿ߱һǿҪ
ʼǶûֿǿһߣϮκһ̾ͻİΧȦľַֻǿ
ӣ
𣬽ɫâ֣ǿɫ䣬ĵ𶯸е־壬·һٻ
ҧгݣ˫Ŀס
ӵΪܵУʱҲҪΪܵǿ׽⽫˵ܵܡ
£ȴԸ
ȫâɣ·һˣһ֮սִһѹϵ屩ǣ졣

⵶ռؾֱƶ
ͨ
˫д⣬Ծʵһսͨǿߣó֮һǿߣеĽսǿߣ
Ƕַоѹ
Լϡǵɽʱ뼫Сӽ棬ͷĿձǶԼǶ֣ΨнС
ʱǨѲͬ
ǿıǿĹַ˱ߣ羧İɫ⵶ǿҴâ
ֽսǲҲǲǵģΪ֮⣬ǿߡ
ǿǿľǽսǾ
ۣ֮
Լǰսǿ߽֣ܿΧܵУʱѶ
Ƚġַһҫ⣬ֱϮǿߡ
~~
ɫâʢַ䣬ɫм޵ȡռս״̬һԴĳ˷ֵ
ӵɣÿһǿ߶ž޴ѹ
ǵūͣǲҲ̶ãūͼȫʧȥսūҡҡ׹˷
ȺսУ¶ֵ
ľ



1817 ˣ
ûнӣַ׼롣
潻սûκʤ㣬һǶĽսǿߣͬǿ߶飬һܶࡣ
һʵ൱ǿ
㲻ȵյĖղ
ʣǿѷһȣǿߵ츳൱ף֮۵Ѫʵȫ棬ǿ࣡
ݣһͨ
ۺսȖֻǿ
ǱޣһͲסַ壬ȻһҪֿ޿ײһҪ׷ٶȱַ壬ҲЩ
ɶû뵽ӻᵽҧгݡ
ѹû뵽ܵܵĽӣԸԽӵʹܻܵҪǿ
Χ󣬵һĹҲҪϬ
ζʲôݺ
ǿߣ൱ֲ
ݶеǿ߸˵ַרһɱǿߣǵūҲǳƬ¡
𺧣־壡
ܣ
ôܲ
ݵɴ۾Ȼޱȡ
ǵһμ׵նɱǵˣۼһͬ鵹£֮㤸иǿңԴһʱ֪ĵܵôˡ
Դ޵ơ
ʧЧսۿۣе·һԶسǰ
߳꣡
ַ䣬飬ѸٵնɱһһǿߣսϺֻܿʣһγɵԵ档
ɣʵַ岢ôɡ
ֵݹͬʱӺȥе΢΢ҵԴʯԴԴߵӿʶ̲
ơ
ַ壬ͬƣ
Ȼ޷ٵĲԴʯ̲ڶʱ޲꣬ʹַָܺܿ״̬ڳʱ״̬
״̬սӰ졣
ݱˡ
Ƕʵۼַ̱նɱȴΪ̬ʧ⣬ַûа˶ûС
£
ˣðɭɭ⣬սսӰ죬Ƕʵܷӳһң绢͵ַ壬־һ
Ÿǿĵ磬ݺܿҰַնɱ
ӣ
ٶȣַ˼֡
ַɫЩ΢΢԰⣬һ˶ûУһսһսĶָǿҺķʱࡣ
Ӯ÷ɡ
ַнɫԲһϸ΢ƹţϸ壬Բ覣̲ž˵깲
ӡ
Ȼʹļк֢Լ˵Щ׶ˡڿɳܷΧ֮ڣӵԼǳ⡣
ԼУɱ׿Խ
һ׿Խҵս٣ַһЦҲ֪ϣԴ޾٣˵׿Խܴڡ
Ͼıﴢ൱ˡ
֪㳣֡
ַѸٵո֮ۺ漴ؿռؾͷǱޣָʵ
һ棬ĵҪ̲
һ棬ղͷǸսǿ߽սĵ򣬶Էĵ֮ϣﵽͨ硣
С
ѹ⵶ִַݵĹϵս˫սͨѩ͸龧꣬ƺܴʵ򲢷ˡ
ѹ⵶൱͡
һѾս
ûˡַóգսԣȻϾֻ۷춴Ѿսȣө֮⡣
֮ǰûΪûʵģµĵҪµӦһδεսܽϡ
ڪzϻ굶ѾʹѾãսǷܹͬؼ
£˸ûʱ
Լʵڪzϻ굶ѷӳԼȫսܱųϵֻ֮а˳ɣ߳ɣԽԽ١
ǿߣӦʹ
ʵȽϣǿϽΪ֮ںƿ֮ϣΪڶǿߵĶˣǿܷ۷춴ļ¡
ǿߣѾ۷춴Ρ
磬֮ԪŨԴǿʹùϵս°빦ַḧͫһȡ
ʱԼѷӳս100%͵ֲ
ңлûս
һսѪڣսֻʱ⡣
ַ˫ͫµĹϵս
~~~
貹âƬռؾ
ʴ޵



1818 ʴ޵
ʴ޵̲ʴط
ÿһ㣬ս͸ǿһ֣Ҳ
㲻ʴ޵֮ǰսնҪǿ̫࣬ؼ뵶ϣܷ
߳꣡
ַٵػӵһ֮Դϱһصޱɢ
ûκƣ
ʴ޵ܳ㹻ǿĹ֮֮ǰԼսʩչ֮ƹʱ֮ĸоọ̈̄ȴϡ
ڣָоѾʧ
ͶһƬ󺣣жƬ󺣶ܳܵס
ָоʮ
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λ⡣ַҲЩףĿռؾźǿĿռ䷨ԼƬռ䣬ʱҲ̲źǿʱ䷨
ԣ߼ƺһЩìܡ
ȻӦǿԽģϾ֮Ͱܹ֮ںϣռʱλҲܲ
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ҪɱԼһḶشۡ

ȺɽУһǿǼۣѲַڶ֮һǲԶ
Ϊڵ䣬Խӽ
һ֧൱ǿоŸǿߣΪ׵һǿߣ׵ֲͫ˵ʵֲ˹ӵū͡
һͿһ֧ǿ顣
ǿڣǾǿߣµū͸ǰǿߣһ൱һ֧飬ⲻ˵Цġ

ɶ񣡡ʱȫûƽյǿ߷緶ͺͺ¶֮һ϶ޱ
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ӣĽӰˣȫʧȥӦ֮
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ǿߣԴѾһĴ
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࣬Ҫ
ŭɣһͷҰޣϢɢܱһǿ߲
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ʱռؾַԲ֪ΣѾ
ʵǿȰǿ߲໹ǲСнȱսҲֻǿﵽǶżԵ
İǿȣһЩ롣
ַ岢ں
µõᱻǿ߷֣ôѵ뿪ռؾͲᱻǿ߷ô
Щ飬ܾܱܵ˵ġ
Ȼܲˣ̹Ȼܣǿʵѵ״̬ȥӭսڿռؾУɫܷǿѪ
ڿռؾ⣬ӣ޷Ƕǿߡ
ڿռؾУ㲻ӣܻǶǿߣ˽ӣܴżıԵ
ǲࡣ
~~ַ峤һɫ糣۾״̬֮ǰҪһȣ֮ǰһսʹõĽʱ̫̫
Դʯڶ̶ʱ︴ԭ
Ҫ֪صعʵǳϡ٣ַɨ岿䣬δһţԴޣعʵֵ൱ơ
ʴ޵ַȡ̲Ũ֮Դҫˮս
Ϸһҫص·ϸȥսʵ·һһ̣ʴ޵ƣ
ƣһҪ㹻Ĺ֮ԴҪ㹻ǿĹ֮衣
һ㼤ʴ޵100%ӵСʴաЧ
ַ˫
ȻԼ֪ʴաЧʲôѹϵսȻΪʴ޵ʴЧȻ
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1819 һ
~~
ַһ֮ٵȡ֮Ԫأӿʴ޵УȻڿһ˵ţһëˮн
ռؾ֮Ԫ̫١ַ
棬й֮Ԫ࣬ԼҲ˷ʱȡ֮ԪأֻΪһơ
ϾҪ൱ʱ䡣
ķǡ
ϵعʵֱַʳһŰŨ֮ԪصعʵӨ͸֮Ĺ֮ӿʴ޵С
ৣ~
ʴ޵𶯣̰չ֮Ԫʴ޵ַʱһϵĸо΢΢Ц
ϵԽǿԽá
ޣַ֮ʯСعʵŨ֮⣬ͬʱԼ֮Ӧʡ
֮ǰϵعʵҪܳһʱܡһš
Ϊ̲صĹ̫֮ǿԼȡЩҪķѲʱ䣬ЩȫΪʴ޵գһ淴ԼЧʡ
ɫâҫʴ޵Եʮ
֮Ԫز϶ѻ֮跽žǷܿʴ޵ƣ˵˵һ֡Ͽɡ
ʴ޵˵Ͽɡ
ааʴ޵ھжǶڣǰᾣȫʴ޵׿Խ˶١
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ƩӣƩʴ޵
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عʵʣĴԶԶ
Ȼп׿ԽҪӵصԶַЦЦҲǲ⣬׿Խôõõ
иΣиĿꡣ
ٹһ֮ˣӦÿ˰ɡַţûõ׿ԽҲᵽԼ˵һ
Բһɰɡ
ַҲû̫ϣ
Ͼ׿ԽԴɮ٣죬˵жϡ֮׿Խˡ



1820 θ
ַ岻֪ǣһѵ
Ȼڽ֮ǰȴһ֧ǿ߶飬ֻ֮ǰ˿¾͵ýˣҹȡѵð֡
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֯ϢȻûѲһߡ˵һ׷ͯյߣһĵ粮ѵʦӡ
ͬǰǿߣʵȹǿһӸλ
һߡпһĪַģȴҡҡͷ
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ӦǱˡѣ绺߻һۣٲȻ뵽һ֪һη£Ѱһǿߡ
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ûңӦҲӽ̤磬֯ϢȥһеȷܶͻѾƽϢֻҪǱȥ壬Ҳǡ
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Ρ
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ʱ˽湨֮Ҳǳռؾ

ʱռؾУַվյ
˫ͫǳڴڣɫƽԭΪԼ֮ڣȵˣȴû뵽Ļǿߡ
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ռؾͲܣǿߵĵ¡
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θˡַ΢΢Ц̬ɣ˵еǰаǿ߻񣬵źͺûá
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ߣִַʴ޵һӰʱ۳



1821 ͻΧ
飬סߡ
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1822 ܣ
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1823 ɱ
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лλַĿɨл
ÿСһ׮ȻЦӲַͬһ֪
Ӧû塣ɫȻڴ



1824 ѡ
ַӣЦؾѾˡ
赭дȴù˵ɴ۾ѡ
ؾˣ
ַ֮ŸǿΧУӳ죬˳ɱ
ʵ̫˰ɡ
ۼַ֤ʵ˺ɣַʵҪܣȺǿ߸û취
ַʵԤлҪǿ
Ƕǿߣ
սȰż
лǰղ֪ǰǣַʵ
ӡ׷ͯյſɳۣ粮һ㣬ЦǺǵ˵ַСֵܿ۽磬һǵһμ˲
ǰַǫ
ḧ룬ǺЦַСֵܴ˵ſպξ
ʦһԵõ۳Ŀһǿڵ
ȣֳȭ״ŵװԣõ۳βСӲַ۾
֮ǰԼװһԱȷʵ˹һʱ
ǻȥԺ϶ܲ鵽ûԼˣ˵ǰǿӣٲȻȨ߲㣬ԼǷù
˼ң֮ǰزʶҼٽţ½⡣ַǸ
ûϵ֡ǰС顣ЦӦ
ַľ֮ЩȷС¡
ӴüĿ΢ЦַСֵԸ⣬ʱӭҵλӭõ۳Сһ죬ȴ֪ղԼçײˡ
ʦ꣬ǱϺȡ
׵ıҧҧӣõ۳͵Ƴַ壬ĴƲȥһӡ̸ǰȷΪ֮Ȼ̸˧ʣüйȻϢء
Īõ۳С
λ˵ַ֪һΧϢ漴һ³أ֮ۺ˽ռؾ
ߣᱻ۸֪λá
ҲƴǣַһռؾȻؾһΣԣɱǿ޷ߣʶַʵѲں
ǾǿȻͨǿʲô¡
Լǿߣַ壬˵κǿ߶飬򲻹ܰȻ
ղһսûλæڿ֮ززˡ
ЩҵһСС˼ҲҪַܾĿɨˣ漴ȡʮʮ˼ͨǰ
̸ɫâҫ׷簵ȸ
˶һֱ֣ù۾Ϣ
ѡɡַ¶ͨ󲢲Ҳôںٿվ˶ԵرЩһսնģԼɱǿߵҲһ˳
ȫˣַҲν
£νƽϡ
⡭һʱҲЩȻԵò֪룬ȴû뵽ַô󷽣˵ʵֻԾֻɱַһˡ
һ˵ǿߣҲɱ
ַ岻ڣǵǿߣֻб֮󼪡
ĲÿַĿɨˣ΢Цٵ
˻һۣӣףַ壺ȻСֵ˴ȴ֮ˣлСֵܿ
漴ӱȡһͨ
˼״Ҳַлһ䣬ȡһͨΨõ۳ҧҧݣһ״ָ˼֡
Ͼղûаæ
õ۳кڲѣװʧȥһûᣬǿߣҲֻһͨҼֵߣȫûıȡ
ǡ
Űɡַ彫״Ųõ۳΢΢Ц߲Сʱͨ죬ִһЩ֪룬û뵽ַô
СͽлСֵ֮ܿˡӴüһЦõ۳л
õ۳ϸһ޳Ľë΢΢һ£̧ͷ͵ַһۣϸлл
ÿַ֮һЦ
ԼȻ֪Ůͷβû֣ɮ濴棬ϾǰͽܣһͨԼ˵ʲô
ҲˣַЦˣָָʮ
޹»Сֵջذɡ룬üĿһһǶǵȻá
ַĿɨͷˣҲǿ
ǿߣǿߵԭ
̸°ɡַϯضĿɨˣȡ֮ŵԿףڵϣʱ䣬ȫ
ǣΪ˶



1825 
֮ŵԿף
Ϊ˶һǰԼǷҵ׿Խڲ10ڿվ߼۵Կףǰǿ֮͡
ֱɼһ㡣
أʮյ֣ͬǿĿֻ಻١
ġ˲ʱжϣۼ֮ŵԿףϵãԿ׵Ĺɫ̲صĿռһ
ѳһüͷһ򴽡
ַѣ֪룬Ȼûõ׿ԽҲûʲôʧ׿ԽûôõãԴ޾ǾΪ
ɮ١
Ҿ׿ԽҲһʺԼ
ʺϵ׿Խľӣʴ޵ܷԼսľ
֣ҡˣλǰϳ׿Խѳ̾εҡҡͷһӡ
ҵʦܡӺǺЦʦִֵúܣҪﻻҷѾ࣬ʦҲϽ׿Խá
סַͷ
׿Խϡ֮ҪȻ࣬Ҫ뻻ˡ
ԼҲͬ뷨
ȫңֵܳȫһҧ漴˫ֹâһһȻͬϢŴָҲһӳǰ
һͨһЩ
һָ
ֵܼ35280վۡЩݣһ죬ҷڰǿѾǲ10ڿվĺԶ
һ25000վ΢΢Цȡһöָڵϣֵ̯뱲ӵĻˡ
25000վ
ȡһŨڹֵı˵ĺڰɢоֳһͷģɲ
Щֵܼ5ڿվСͽһСС˼Ծ
Ȼ10ڿվСֵ֮ܳһֱ棬СֵʲôҪæģܼ֮¾ƴǡ
ͷĿɨͽܹѣżְ֮⡣
һչܶͽܣɾߵıǰͽܹѣΪʦܰȻ
ֵܼ85280վӰǿӵһ顣
Ȼ10ڿվҲϾıǮЩߡ
벻ַһ֮䡣
ַעűڹֵıϣŨĺڰ֮һͷݷĺڰޣԼĸоޱ
ڰɡħ
ַ˫գҲգźڹԲı֮ȸ
󣬹25000վַӡ
ûӵҲǺΪǹʶһֱδȡ
ַͷ
ǰݵλƭˡ
ļһ10002ڿվ֮䣬Ļ۸ԸһЩ۳2ڿվе㲻Ѱ
˵ʲô
룬ϵıǶ
ߣֻܿ߾һǱڷ³ƩԼĽӺʴ޵
ֻԼղɱǸǿϵĺɫͷսס
ֱַɫԲЩ
߹ѶͷˮȴַĴ𸴣ЩšΪ˻֮ŵԿףϧһУҪһƴ
ǱĴֻнգпͻƽޡ
Ļᣡ
֡Сؿڣ±ܾ
ţַع
ȭĶ亹ֿǵΣ
ַȻʧЦ˼֣ղеʧ񡣡
԰գȡɫԲʱһӿϢӿһ˿ԸŭͺһͷδѱҰƵġ
ַ˫ϰ֮¶ʱѹסɫԲϢ
⡭ļɡַ彫óһͨ¡
಻ˡ
ַ΢Ц֮ȴһ
ʣµĻӵ25000վıͿվֵԼ2ڿվôҪˣ
ôУ֣ɫһҡͷ
ˣ֣ʣµջذɡַЦ˵޼ֽۣԮ֮ģ֮ŵԿһСС⡣
ֵѣͱƴˡ
΢΢һʱЩ֪롣
ˣ°ɡַ彫Կֱ빨С
ǡлˣ֣صͷȭ˫ȻлҾͲٶ˵ˣԺ£ҹѵ£
áַ΢Цա
޼ۣܶ²Ǯ



1826 ̰һ
֣ĲҪ°㣿ѵ
ֵĺˣ׻˵ĺãƶѹˣܰһΣһֱҰɡַЦЦʼ磺ԣͰķһ˰ɡ
ֵܰЦҪгƶѹˣҾͳ·ؤˡ绹Ц
ַ壬Ҳŵǡ
²弯ȫ֮׷ɱ˭ǾĴˡ
СֵҪæһͿˡӺǺЦͫзְ֮⣺ôСֵҪĻ֮ǰĳŵȻСֵܷһѣҲ޷
ַͷ
֪ǰԣȻԼҪЩĿվǰȻڡ
ҲûҪܾﶼһ㡣
һٺʹһַ֣ۡһһӵȻ˴ʶʱ䲻ǵ޽ꡣ
֮ǰԼЩ˳۵õ۳̬Ҳת䣬֮ɫ
ѱ˴˵ѣȻᵣǡ
Ͼڹѵ˿ַǾһ֣֮㣬
һˣôܺһȺ
ַ岻ǿأǿأ
ǿǿߣҲС
ַֻһǿߣ⡣
ִַˣѵҲȰ˵ˣΨɵԼ漣
˲𣬿ռؾʣַһˣԿյ
ӵ뿪Ǹõѡ
ףҴʵܱס
һֵսַʵҲ٣ջǴѣҲ㲻ˡ
ַ岻롣
ΪûޣԶԶû
ֻʣһԪʱ䣬ҪͣرԼѹ£ǱһδεļֻҪˣʵԾʽġ
ӽ֮ǰڣһ
ַţֻҪܰһӣʵԾһ㣡
ҪǿҪ̰ġһ㡣ַͫҪΪһǿߣܹʲԷ⡣
ʲôĶµԼ˵̫ңԶ磬ĿǰʺԼĥ֮ء
ңôǿǰͺ̵ذԼʵֶΪ
ˣҵȷҪһַ֪֡ԼʵϰǿԼδӮ뿪ռؾԼʵ½һ㡣
Լﵽż
뿪ԼʵֻǽӽǶ
~~
һâūʱ֣ɫȻ԰ɽ֮ۺȥȫ΢΢ףˡ
չΣַʵ
ˡ츳㣬˷һ⡣ЩįԼ֪Լ£Ȼ˴ۣ֮ĽҲѾβʱؼ
ͻƣɹ
ɹ
ѪبǰͰʼǸ߳ɹʣؼ
֪Լ־ǿҲ⣬츳Ϊͨ츳ǱѾǼޣֻģһԡ
мֻۣ֮ɹΡַʡ
аֻ֮㹻һ٣ɹʡҡ
ôַͣüͷ塣
֮ǰɣֻʣɣ
Ŀ飬ӣַ漴ȻȻ£ҲûʲôùҲͻƣҲܶʱʵɲ
΢΢ַ֮ۻǻΣ
ۣ֮
ɴ۾ŵаۣ֮
ַͷһֻ
ͷϲ⣺¿˴裡аֻۣ֮轫ͬɹʴųϣ
ร
ַҲΪȡ
ųϵĳɹʣôߣ
תһҲףǽͻһ㣬ͬȴӵǸһƳһֻ
Ѷȣܶࡣ
ãַȡİۣ֮˹ȥ
ϲӹʮ죬һ£ɣ
áַЦ
һºԼһūͣȻ츳ֻǶ㣬Ѿ㹻ܸԼİ

ú飬ַȡǼڹֵԲһɫâںɫȦ֮ϣ˵ĺڰ̲Уһͷڰ޳˯
һʲô
25000վľ
۸񱬱
Ѱ
Ũĺڰ֮ڹֵԲǱغڰɡħۻӿַдЩ֮ѱҰޡ
ϣ
ַиоʢ
ʱԼԸ֮ŵԿ׶һ󲿷ԭΪԮ֮飬ҲһСԭΪԼĺڰ
25000վ
Լ˵ͼֵ10ڿվ
ৣ~ַ˫ͫӹһħѪɫֱϡ



1827 Ǵһһ
硣
䣡
ûҸղȷλˣ
СӹȻûǶˣ
ɱ
һӶǿ߷׷ȥڣַֻ˶̶ɲʱ䣬еῴ
ֵַ˲䣬ٱȫ¶
Ȼַ̽λõֻΪĶ飬Ѿ㹻ʵǿǿߴۼ䡣

ռؾ
ַ˫һž޴ڹԲһڹֱַٰۣܳǴһ㣬ɷΪ㤣ǵǴɢźɫâˮΰַѪ
꣡ͣ
Ѫȡ޴ڹԲ˹ͣڹҫһͷצħĹѣչϢ
䣡ַһ˫ͫơ
Ȼ䣬ڹԲ״ͺ͵չֱɫâʼ֣ħϢ裬âһͷĺڰޡ
üһ
ַ֮оͷڰ޵İԼƿ£ڹԲ򽥽óһս̬һźɫâʣħͼڡ

ӿѪݺᣬɫâֵս͵سֶħ֮񣬾㤿ɲַֻӶڹžڳħצ
ڰɡħϣ
ɫâΪڰ֮ΪħΪħ֮Ȼͬȴ֮ͬһԷǵС
ħֵַĶħ
źڹԲʵħļ׵ȫѪ԰ϵƶɣܱ仯ɸ̬ʽı
ͳΪħɡַӶһ֮Ϣ浶ȫ֮ħħޱϣչ
ħڪzϻ굶ǲҪ
һѾս
ʴ޵ַǳ⡣
ħְ֮ĽϣԴںϵҪӳħҲף뾫ְ֮ͨƿںϵ
һ㣬֮ͨ߱ųųϡ
ңħԷǳߣܱ仯κ״ıԵ˵̵ذףսƵ󵶡ÿóͬ
ħܱ䣬仯κ̬á
ֹսǹʮ˰ħܱ仯ɣΪμֵ2ڿվһԭ
СѪǰħϵĵ͡
ɱһǧ
ħϵӰǲͬħİħֱȡϵѪյѪҺԽ࣬ӵԽǿԽֲ
еѪҺ
ȭַЦ
ˣħսӹɣҪӳħڰɣħںϵľԽԽãιѪԽԽá
ʴ޵ȣħĺôܷ
ڣҪǿ˲С
һ㣬ܺʴ޵һƿȡ
࣬ܺʴ޵ڶƿȡ
վ޴ܺʴ޵ƿȣ
ַ
ȻԼֻǱħȡһѪܸоõѹ25000վİϵսﳬֵԼ
Ȥˡ
ħǴһһ
ַЦ
ҪóԼʵȻҪۡ
ԼǿȣЩ۳ܵ

䣡䣡䣡
ַʩչʥصӦµսħȷѱϾذħ֮ϱ̲ħ徫Ѫǿ걩塣
ȻԼİħ֮ǿǿĶ࣡
࣬ħʱܸ򵥣ǿͻ㡣ħ屾ˣ˵ħֻӵħһ㾫Ѫ
ƿأ
꣡սڰ٣ַʥصӡ
100%
Ӧи졣
ȻһʺϺڰôַȻһЦӦħɱӦʴ޵ˣħʤʴ޵һ
ǹؼ
ԭȹϵǿڰϵǿַһЦ
ܴﵽƽ׼ʴ޵Ϊ͡Ǹ׼
Լʵ
뿪ռؾҲаżʵַ˫ִİٱħնԼʵһ㡣
뿪ռؾȻûкڰеΪ֮Դǿʢʴ޵ܱӽڶƵ
ħͬѪڳܷΧ
⡢һ㣬ںϵӹɣԱ޴Ծ
䣡ַռؾ𵴡
ִ˫ַ΢΢Ц̤뿪վؾ
ԼѾҪ
Լƥаǿߡ



1828 Ҫƴ
ħĻãַ岹һ̰塣
ʴ޵˫赣Ʋ޵Уȴܽʵӵ쾡£ս赺ϣɿȰǿߡ
ۺʵǣ
ȻǶİǿʱЩԿ
أַһǸ񵲺Ѹٺˣǰצū˻ΧһūΧˣǿߺһǿ߲Ϸ𹥻
ۣ֮ãң
ϣʬ࣬аǿߣһսַΪǿԽʩչѸش֧顣
ȻӲ޵С
԰ǿΪ׵֮ȥַܿսū͵ʵÿһӽǶһ൱
ϧˡַպսƷ¶һ˿ϧ֮ɫ
սȥһսԼӮֻҲǲʤ׷ԼԶֹһ֧ûҪƴȫ
䣡
ʴ޵ħַϺĹ˲ʱֱǿɫ䣬ǷȻȴǵģȴƽ
ˣ
ãˣ
׷
ǿĻðɣֱռһٱˣɱͬ飬ȻôȻȥԿ
Ϣǿߡ׻졯׷ᣬܿ㷢֡
׷ϡ
ٶȲ̫Զ˴˼ľԽԽ

̤޹ַܷӳٵٶȣм׷ϣϿ౦ƣȻɰ
ս
ڶַ˵ٲ
кܴĿӣսĿսϢӦһǿǽӽУַ嵱ٹʣĸǿߡ
ûҪôƴ
ַսŸոտʼǵեÿһӦȥսںʱԼһߣһ·
ಣ
̤޹ַ˸ղսĸǿϢȻܲԷλãƾǿһȵĸӦ
һ״ַµ״ﷶΧͨǿǿ֮䡣
ȻӵĳЩİǿߣʤ
ĵַ彫ٶȱȶ״̬ʹĸǿԴڡ״ΧԵλãʱĸǿߣֶ˰˸ǿߣһǰǼ
֮ԭĸǿߣ³ʮǿ߶飬аǿߡ
Ķ飬Լܳ¡
᲻ַֿ߱߸Ӧ
ַܿ岢ɵʮǿ߷ͬ䣬ĿͬΪɱԼ
Ȼ޷ӦԼʹý̽ȷԼλá
պãԼǲԶ
ôľ룬ȻֿܷǷֿıˡ
ϧַԭƻõڶֻۣ֮ڸ洵
ʵҲûʲôϧģ֮ǡ
ַ뿪
޹ȫټۣľ룬˲

뿪䡣
ַǰ·һ·ߣǰλãɹ˿أʵڲ磬ȫԸߡ
ڶ·ǰߣĵشȡðգһΧ֮УҲܲء
һСС֣ʮȽ
һȡΣԽջҲԽ
һ壡ַһûѶѡֱĵشȥ׽ڱ塮ͨһ̾뿪ˡ
ôٴ
ðգĥ£ôûΣգûΣյĥ¸𲻵ãֻ˷ʱ䡣
ʵھһвŻдͻơ
ֻʵԼûߡ
ǿƥУӲߡ
壬ҵҪжַո˵󣬺壬Χ˲ֹӣֱԷΧȦͦ
ƴ
ԣҪƴ

䣡䣡
ַħһⰵâ쳹գһǿ߲ʰһѪ֮Уһֻ߸ǿߣرַɱ
ս̣
µڶֻۣ֮60289ͨ
ջַѾ׬磬ǰ˴ֻҲòô¶ַ˵ôֻǵһ֡
Լʵ棡
ֻӵиǿʵܱסܻȥ
֮һַٿһ¶Լյū͡顯ǵϢ𣬴ȫΣϢ֮ǿԼ
ܺáַЦ
ʵԼҰ



1829 
ͻƣͬʱꡣ
ʵǿߣʩչ۵ַΧӹͬʱҲܡǿߣǾǿߵȻǿ߶鶼λá
һ㣬ַ˵Ҫ
սһ㡣
ս֣ȫԵġ
۵ʩչкܴƣַ岢ĸӦֻΪȷս˵Ƕַ֪¡ֲ
ۣɸ

ַʹʮ򱶵ʱ
֮ǰʹãΪûǿػۿ֮еȫ¶λãƾʵĽħ޼¡
鲻ͬ
ܸӦǿߣȷΧΣգṩ˺ܴ
ߣַ޽ԼֻҪַԸ⣬κʱ鶼ܴѶϢ
~ֱַӽʱ
뿪ռؾǿߴ̵󣬶ʵиֱʶȣԼҪǿԼ㹻ͣǽ׶Ρ
㹻ǿǿû⡣
ȴƫ֮ǰһūͣԿ١
㹻ǿӲסϻٶɱһūͣȫַͬһȡʮ
¶ǣһ׳սףҲһͼܼĽ£иϡŹֵĶ౦
ʮȫǷྫ
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Դǿ߼ƻ赹԰ǿ˵һѾĻֵõĵġ
ַ£ȴʮ
࣬ƣԲܷͬӹЧƣֻҪ϶ƵͰǱߣͷսףкǿ
ʮռ֮һ
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̣
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ڣȻϵһжǿߡ
ַԲΪԻеһǿߣսڷʱƵģ⡣
ΪսףʱԼ޷ش
ҡ
սףǰϵġ
ӵаغͰ򡣡ַȡսףо֮ƫ޷棬ϵķͰش벻ϵ
֮֮йء
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սַоԼѱͽӣҲǾеٮٮߣȻ֪Ƿʮǰé
ν
ͬǾȥؼϡ
һڰǿϵģܱǿϵҪðɡ

~~ַʱϺսףͷǰͫһ֣֮ǰĺͷͺ˹ƵģХ
ԭСסϺַ
Լû׺׵ȷ̲ذغͰ԰طΪ԰ʷΪģ൱ˡ
԰֮ħܱ巢ǿַϲ
ԭ׷㲻ףԼغͰ֮ǽԲΣȻǿ۷ھоԳƵϸ̳
ħַ΢˫ۣӦź׵
ħǵԼǺɫͷĺɫŤ黯ڽսкħʵֲֹܿǷ
ǰʴ֮עرãٶȼ죬ħʩչ깥ûãôСҲ
ףսǿ޿ɾ塣ַ˫
ܿ죬ǽ״̬
ʮʱУա

ʱٶһǿ߷ؽӽַ塣
ʱַ壬ػǺܿպħʩչַİѴﵽԲհʵһЩ°빦
~~
źɫͷһźַʱĹޣŤãħЧչ֣󡪡
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ħĹŤħצɱ¾ַͫѪ쾼
֮ǰףĸ©֮ǿߺξ֮У
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ֲһߣַٴδʣµʮһѡ
Ӷࡣ
νб޻ռʲôط
ַĿΨһһͷһ



1830 Ҫ췭ظ
ͺأƵɫǣеĪоȹοĸоַϵ˵ֱ࣬ϡ
ԼûͷľҲûʲôġ
һͷҲǲ
ӦǴķַܿϣڵǿȣʵȽףȫǿһֻԷʱ
һ⣬ͷ¶ɫγһƣһͷɫţͷ̬
ԶԶȥͺһͷɫţͷһǱǽţ֮ǡ
žϣ
ַͷϣ֪ţǵһְʱγһͷɫţ̤أۻ롣
ţַͷϵĽţǣһЦ
ҲʵţǻйΪϵнϵںϣôԼҪӵĹ
Ǽͨйоصķ
ܱûǿ
һɡַĿɨ׼ѡٿ֮һɫ΢΢ã˫ַ漴
ߣѷѶš
Լʱ뿪ˡ
֮ǰԼ߹飬۸оΣյʱ֪ͨԼӦǿߵʱͻúΣա

ৣ~
ַӰʱ֣Ժиֳһ续ľʶ䣬ݵԼԺ֮С
飡
Լչ̶ʱ䣬ӽԼıвʮ֧ʵǿֻǿߵУʵǿǿߵĶҲС
²һ
˵֪ͨԼһЩγɰΧȦʱͻΧ鷳ˡ
Уһֻ֧ĸǿߵĶ飬ԼϤ
ֿˣַһЦҲû⡣
һ֧˸ǿߵĶ飬ͺǲͬһ䣬ԼԶ룬۸֪λңԶȻһж
ϾץԼΧ˸á
ң˭Ҳϣѹ͹鵽Ⱥ
ܵҾͲַˡַһЦʮ֧׷ɱ޾ɫӰһһ٣ֹܣӭȥ
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ǰ棬αˣǿߡ׻졯ŭ
һεʧĿ֧ʮǿΧˣȻɱѣūͶ׻ðɡ
֮ʱϣȴֱƻѡ
һ
׻ô硲Ķ֣裡
ϣֻĸ᲻ᡭһԥʵһս£ӵĿֲǼʶˣΪӱشɱ
֮ǰʮԱǸߣֻʣĸӮô
죡׻챩ŭɣһСֻ͵ҺһսҪҴԲ˶ߣ
汩ᣬ׻졣
δ˵꣬ٿԶһӰȻ֣ͻȻɲǼ䣬һһâ¶Ƭ񷣬ⰵϢҽӣ
ʱ׻ɫ䡣
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׻ŭȣһྫʱʩչӦٶȼ죬ūūֱɱַ塣
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ⰵʯ쾪
ŵһⰵںϹĺռϷ磬ַ̤޹һǿ֮Сʱһɫâܱ׻¶
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Ѫӳֵ˲׻죬ַ˫ս͵ؼٻӶʥصܫʩչǰɫͷһںַӰŤ
ৣৣৣ
ַɱūУ׻챻˴˸ֲǱǱǿԭѱһ£˵ˡ
ʱ䡪
ϺףϽţַһͷţɫͷƣֱ˺һūͰΧϬ⽻һūɱ
䣡
ַȻ̤ūͰΧȦѪ˫ͫ価ɱ
ִ˫ӵɱϵħ
µʵ
սԶܣκ㣬֮밵֮ħƽԣַĿ־İǿ׻졣
̤ӵ
䣡
ʵ쳹񷣬׻֮ǿߣһӦܣֲĶֻ֣·һ
޾
ˣ

ǿȫֳܣȻѾûлᡣ
һܻΧ
һͬ顯Ŀ֡
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£׻Ϊ׵ʮǿȫַˣոսƷ뿪ͫдɱ⣬ѰһĿꡣ
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1831 ɱ
ɱ
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ūͶʵ˺ǰѱС
߳ϣַ䣬ܿնɱһ֧ǿ߶顣
ǣΪ׵İǿߣַѸٽǿߣӶûϣһ֧˸ǿ߶䡣
ɡ
֧ǿ߶ûҲûرͻ
֧֧֧
ɱ֧飬ַ˵СˣÿһսɾĽջСΨһϧǣսˣȻֻǣƣԷİʵ൱ǿ
飬ϾֻǸ̤ǡ
ûǣƣսЩ鷳
Ȼֻ鷳
ӣΧռڣֱ쳹˲õõ֧ǿ߶Դһ£ūͶΣǽһƬ
˫ͫϢȣַһ湦
һ֧ʵ֮ǰ֧ҪǿΪǿͳ죬ַҲںʴ޵ħⰵݶͷǿս״̬
䣡
ҡضַֻһɱҡ
κ
~~һַڿУֱĨȥǵѪȡһعʵʳǣϢָԪ
ʱϲҲ̶ãǿ߶ȫûǿߡ
һжȷʵַ岻
ӵģһսǰսҪ۵öࡣ
ջҲǲС
һϾȻôعʵַųɹȻЦȻͬһƷֵĹϵعʵнٿ֮࣬ȻǸճժġ
£Լá
֮⣬ǿϻһԼϲġ
ٻ
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ӽǵʵ
ʵԼ˲С鷳ԼϵƱʱá
ҵĹ֮磬Ϲ֮ƣ֮Ԫصʹﵽʵַȷ
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ַһ΢΢Ц־Ȼ޲ߣҲͣüʺڵԼֱǿս
ǰһ޹âۣɣʱ۳һˡ
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㹻
ַع˲伲ˡ
ǿ
ַһЦ
عʵԼԤĻҪǿһЩΪ磬֮Ԫܼʶʵ
Լ100%ʵ¶Ӯ
ۺ˵аżʵַ⣬һعԼ˵绢ǰعɫŲ貹Լ
úãַˬʶЦӭȥ
״£Լܶһʵ׵ġ

ʴ޵ڶƣ
ٿŹϵعʵַǹΪ֮ʴ޵һ㣬ΪϵȾʴ޵ڶ㣬Ϊ
࣬Զ׼
~~ַһȡ֮عʵһ߿ʼԣһһϦ֮ľٿعʵ޷ڶơ
ңԼĿǰĹ֮Ҳ
Ҫڶƣ֮ﵽԲĲΡ
ʱ䣬˵
ÿ¶ƻã߿ʴ޵ڶڱУֻеһƵʴ޵ʵѷɫħһӳɡ
ڶ㣬ȻʱħҪȡѪܳƽ
ˣҵǿսܸһ¥
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ǿս൱ڵƣԼҪÿζʩչһŵԼģ㡣
ץʱ䣡
ʵ飬һԵ׷УԼṩ˺ܴڳԿڶƲúľʾ
վַһ壬΢΢𣬱̤
սս



1832 ǲô
ʲôع
ǿ߶عʱ޲ɴ۾ɫ󺧣ǿ߶ЩȻɵ
ַ߳꣡Ѹնɱūͣƿ
Ϊǿ߼عϤŻȱ飬ʵˡ
ҵˣعʵ塣ַȻʧЦ
֮ǿ߶ʩչ֮ȫߣúͻңΪعû꣬ǿߵĹԵ确ţ١
ĳ̶ֳ˵عķԼǿ
Ȼǿ֮߳۵Ѫ츳⣬๥ū͹취عʵá
磬£Ըǿߡ
䣡䣡~
ַɱķع绢Һ鲻ͬˣعᣬɱԼܶ
ÿһսԼ
൱ʵá
䣡ַɾһȡ׼ǿߵ׼ڵϣ¶Ȳʡ
ǵʮ֧ǿ߶飬Ҳǿһ֧ǿߡ
ȻԼС
ϼϣعУԼֻ˵ˡѸոۣ֮ȡЩԴǰǿ߶۲±ַ嵱һߣҲһۡ
159361ͨ
ַǷ񵽿ֲĵز˳΢¥Ͳ֮⣬˴֮һ
壬ԴԣȺջ޴
ȷַð˼ķգֵã
ǰۣ֮±14ֻ֮࣬ƽӡûʲôƽ⡣
ȻǰַܰȻ뿪硣
ߣ
ַ岻˷ָ·£ֱȥ¶ҰġڵʵǾǿ߽٣Ȼξ֮У
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һλᣬ´Ļ᲻֪¡
¾ǿ߻ûǰҪݺһʣ
¶ʶûƵıֻⱦزС
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Ґ޿ϾѾǿϻ
ַ֪

磬һɽС
ӰǿټۣΪ׵һͨ尵ƣ罽ͭǿ׳һĳβһħݺᣬɲ
ӴͷĿա
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Mһͷ췢һȼգӴһ˿˫ͫѪӯӯ󣬖һꡢءساħ档
Ҫ˰ɣϴôСӲҰص
ǰϴôûҵܿѾˡساӶֱֻۣ۾ţΧΣգС
ܣMȷҧ飬ͫоѪɫҪˣҪʬ
һü岻֪ʲôǿ߾ǶʵȫռƣΣգÿζôõ
תͷŭĿɣһ˵ЩʲôǿǼľӢʲôޣĶ
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һħɫһ࣬ȴҶ죬֪յƢ൱𱬣Җյʵǿ̫ࡣȻսǣʼǼ𣬾һҲǖյĶ֡
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ȫˣ
Сɱˣ˭ɵģڣ̸ҹȥжԶĹԶﰭۣ
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Թʱٿħһ㶣ȻԶһϷһʶϤӰǰʱ۾ɵøͭһ
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ֹħǖպMʱҲȻͻȻַǰףͻأĸоõЩӦ
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1833 ֮
һ˫Ѫɫַͫ壬̲ŨŨɱ⡣ֿܶܣײַ壬սУżȻײϣȴδַԼǰ
˫֣նسا˸ƣᣬ׼ʩչؼ
ǶΨһһ֮ͨߣַǿһɽ֮սĿԱΪǿַס
ô鷳ҼȻˣûߡַڰУĿɨħֱӴساؼʩչǿֱ͸ساú亹ֱ
̫
˫θһ档
ساֻǶǿ߱ȶҪ֪ǿַǰҲǲһساµ³ǰ󸫡
ؼʩչǰַѾ
ңساɫѿʵľ޴õַǰ̧ͷ·һɽ
ساһ꣬ҲϢѹMڣȖգǺַʵѹǿ
ȭͷһͷ췢Mֱַ֮ǣıȴǲָооֻźͱŭ
Ѫһ䣬Mһͷĸʨŭɱַ壬ҧ顣
ĿֻһǾɱǰ꣡
ˣѸٷӦɫ˲䣬һҲ˲ô࣬ĳβ͵ĵأ¡𶯣ӴҲѸɱַ塣
ַ嵭ȻһЦ˫Ӱ֡
һһâʱ֣һͨףٶȼ죬һٶͬһѪð㣬ɵգƾˣɳռ䶼ɡ
޹ˣ
ǰֱȥMĹɱǶεĹMûһ㷴Ȼʵ˫ͫŨŨ⣬˲仯ΪС
ѪĿۼԼķ˱ɱʹ顣
ʱûʱ˼ңΪǰѪɫ˰ɱֲϢĺڰҪǿĶࡣ
䣡
ֱ۷飬Ͳˡ
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Ǳ
һߺˣһߵֵоԶ׼Ҳ벻ǰû׷ɱСһʵǿˣֻһб㽫ˡ

һǿ
սҧأŭȴôַʵһα¶Ъ˹ȫƹâʢһʤһش߹ȫ
ǖյѪؼƾѪ˲䱬żս
ȻսԪˣղں
ϴ󱬷Ѫˣ
Сˣ
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ساħŵóۼͷĿձȫʵħģֶƿ񷣬
ԪǼ̫ǿߣûһϴѪؼл
ƾеսһȻսô
սԪˣʲô
ساħڴͷʯʱٿȻǰӰһһڣؼһڰֲ໥ƣ飬˻ʱ䶼ֹͣ
ѪɱĖշ־˻Ƶĺ
ֲĹзڴ˿ȫѣǿ𹥻ȻֱǺڰ׵Ƭ
ȹǰз衣
ͺ䣡
¡~¡¡~
ؾ𣬖պĿȫ飬ֱַȰǾӢĿֲ£ϰ޷֮ȻѪӵнӽżʵ
Σ
˴˵Ĳ֮࣬
ʱյַ壬50%ʵܽɱ˵100%ȫսǿֶסοһǶǿߣ
̤
ִַ˫Ȼ
վږʬǰɫƽûһ㲨ɱն˵ûκȻҲôֱͦͦĳˡ
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ջģȴǾ˵ս
ٲǸʱĲһվԴǿߵĽϲ㣡
վȣ



1834 ǿ޵У
֮ساħһƬȻ
ôҲûԼϴ󣬻ôͻȻôǰַǰ޸֮һһ
ѪϴʵǽȰǰ
Ȼһ
ӣساħֻŲѣңûеڶͷֻٳȣԺַͺħһ㣬޷ܡ
Ǵδôµ࣡
ǲǖգοǖҲܴڵַߡ
飬ħعʱ֣㣬ֱɱساħԸСඣԲҪַԶ֡
ʵϾǖգƾūҲܻɱ
ַԼ
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ϣ¸һ䡣
ʹգӴ˴Ҿˮˮ
Ȼ
ַ彫ΨһɻתȥɫžԼ嶼£ֻ磬ں
Լ㵽ף

ɱգֻżȻΪ֮
µѼַս⣬ɱѴַ֮еľȫϣһ֧һ֧ǰͺ̵𹥻ַԲԴС
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䡣ָ·
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ڵĲ䣬ȻΪѡĿꡣ
һͳ䣬һǧͳǬ䣬߾ΪͲ䡣
廮Ϊһ䣬ԽΪţƩ䣬ֱΪ󮣻Ǭ䣬佨Ǭ
֮Щƣ䲿һ֣Ϊ䲿䴴ʼǾǿߡ
Уǿܺ͡
Ǭ䣬ȻͲ䣬ʷ֮ƾãʱ֮ḻһԶʤǬ䡣
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Ƕ࣬پ١
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䣡ַɱ٣˫˫ɱȻѹԵʵɱ䣬ⰵӡһƬѪ죬Ӽǡ
֮Ǳŭ׵罻ӣȴ赲ַĽŲ
˵ɱˣɱ
䣡



1835 ؾ
һսң
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ۼַɱΪ׵ǿߣһǿߣʱһɢȥ
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ң׷в١
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֪û¶ַıȾϾھǴﵽ˵160ίʵˡ
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ôԣ
䣬ϾѾ˥Ĳ䣬Ҳ࣬һ˷ֵ㱦عʵҲܴˡַ
Ĺأһǿ߾ܻһͨعʵ͸˵ˡ
ղߵǿ٣Ҳ˵żټͨˡ
Լ˵׷⼸ټôҲ

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ַܣһӦǺԣӲ۸ӦٿַͫһԶϸ΢Ŀռ䲨
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һ΢΢ĹͨɫʣȻ⣬Χ֮Ҳܼ࣬Ŀռ䲨رǿңĿռؾٲȻͬ
Ȼһؾַ岢ԥ̤롣
ڵʵԲؾʲôΣգһжʵΧ֮ڣǿ߽ؾѾȷȻǣ˵ַаǵʵ
磬Ψһɵֻǿߡ
ؾΣգƿ֮С
~~Χһ룬ָо泩֮ûпȥƣ£Ѫ
ǿĹ֮Դַ֮ܡ
ŹͨǰУ֮ԴǿʢŨĹ֮Ԫۿɼͬһǰؾռ֮С
Ծ˷ܵĹ֮ƣɫԵƽࡣ
ȻؾĿռؾͬ
ǹ֮ؾַ֮ǰݵĶսԼΨһһ֮ߣԼʴ޵Ǵá
д˵ȹ֮ؾѹ֮ͻ
壬һ֮١
֮Ȼ±롣ַſһգץס֮ԴֻǸԸϴԼһУ·
ܿİΧ
ʱҲӲˡ
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ӦûʲôҡַҲ֪һؾͱͿա
Ŀռؾͷһվɽ֮ŵԿףԼãΪ֮ŵԿ׶ǿ˵ûãûô
֮ؾУʲôûõô
СַȻʧЦ
ԭΪͷտҲȴֻһڱ̹֮أâ׺ʮ׼ı̹֮Уͺǿ̣أǳ貶ۼ
ǿĹַ֮˫˸վڱ̹֮Ϸ
Լû´ЩӦþǹ֮ؾľڣۣԴرĹЧŲعʵ
ȻˮǺȵġ
õĻˮӦѾݽߡַⲽڱ̹֮⣬ջĳˮâһһŵˮӡ͸ԼӰ峺ס
ССı̹֮أӦǽݵġ
֮ؾֻĳһйϵӶά⾫µ
ԴرûǸˡ
еʱ䣬׬˵ַ΢΢뵽
Լ飬ҪҲҪ൱ʱ䣬ʱν˷ѣҲɨȫʣµЩԼ˵пޡ
ȵһ֧˺˵
ַҲǴ󵨣һԾ¡
~
̹֮ء



1836 ̹֮
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ˮ𣬱̹ɫˮʱַÿһˮζ̲żµ뼡֮УӿڣʱඥַԴ˵һ
ȫ֮ƼҫΧռϢ类һŨˮַ壬һš
ȻһƬ֮磬ǻþʶĳָΧȫǹâָĹâɫģ͸ɫģɫġ
̤Ƭأ·鶼ǳѡ
硭ַ۾ظӦһУй֮ԪһԶӿʶֿܴɼ
һ֮򣬾ͺ㴩ʶһ˿˿Ĺ֮裬׹̡꣬
˼顣ַ֮
ʱ̹֮ص⣬ԶԶԼ
ֻ뼡ԼĹ֮ʣȻм޵ģƬ֮еĸȴûоͷ
ԼŹ֮Ĵڡ
֮ͺƽߵıԼܸоֻܿ貦ǰģҿصɴ
רעһַܿ׼
ٷ򣬹⻷򣬹ʷʥ򡭡
й֮ȫܣȫĸԶ絥һֱ˵̰ĵԼ
֮
Լ˵ĿǰҪġ
ԼԹ֮޹ٶܽӽ٣Ȼֻǽӽٶȣ޷־ã֮ٽһﵽԲΣʹͬ
޹٣
ܱ൱һʱ䡣
٣ǿ
ΪԴ޵ļޣ֮Ǿǿߣ֮ԲڣҲδ׷ϡȻԾǿߵʵʩչһƼƾˡ
ǹַ֮Ŀǰߵġ
ңַ֮츳ѵıǹʥ

ߣַո˵˼ɵڱ̹֮ظսǱǿ߶ؽӽ䣬һǿĦȭƣַһٻС
ʱš
̹֮У岼Ĺǽƽտʼʱۿӿַĳˮ¾ͺͨˮһƽƽ
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ձ̹֮ͣƵģÿһеǿ߸츳֮ȡˮ
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Ȼǿ츳Ҳձ͡
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ˮٶ˲ʱ࣬ΧַͺһȺΧʳ
~~
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Բַʶռڣ⣬֮ڶ̶ʱﵽԲΣϡַԼ츳жǿ̹֮ص档
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ַ岢δͣЪҲδ֮ĸΪӽԲԲһμΪĵ·ɿȴӡ01Ĺ̡
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֮ǰܴӼԲ̹֮صȻҪԼ֮ǰۻ࣬ڼͣʱѾܳ
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֪üַս񣬸֮
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ڵһ֧鵽ǰ֮Բַ־ᶨƴȫ
ʱ̹֮еַ壬͸Ũ֮Ԫأˮ뼡ùַ֮岻֪֮ٶ֮죬鹦ڡ
Ѫ֮ơ
ֹȡˮԲ֮°빦
츳ޡ
һֽһ֡
й֮ľ飬֮ɣԤҪʡ֮һʱ䣬ɽԲͻƣַԼҲû뵽
ʱҲȷʵҪ
ַ֮츳ȹ֮
һ˲¡
ˣȽһ鷳ټ١δ龯ʾַһֵı̹֮һԾ
ȫ֮ǳַһ˫ȭȵǻ˫֣֮ȸ
֮ԱƵȫѹס֮
ˣ̹֮ôĹ֪֮ܲʴ޵ƣַкǺ棬ʱһȡʴ޵
յ϶²̹֮ء



1837 ƽ
ı仯˲չ֡
ԭƽı̹֮ˮƵģٲʴ޵γһˮıסʴ޵ͺưַһ
˲䣬ʴ޵ϵǵڶƣϵĵĤ羧һһ

ʴ޵͵һʱ̹֮ΧƵĳˮ𵴿Ĥþڵ֮ϣһƹ֮Ԫػ⣬ʹʴ޵ޱʥ
ˡַʴ޵ĵϲѡ
ԭʴ޵ڶҪʱعʵ½Ƭ̱ɣ̹֮صĳˮ൱档
Ҳַֻô̹֮ĵֵ˵Զʤʴ޵
Կڶˡַ弯ʱƸŹ֮ΪԲǴﵽƵ
ܿ졪
~~~
ѩڻʴ޵ϵİɫĤѿĤ͸֮âۣϸȥѵľĤһſϸľڵ֮ϣܽϣµĵ
ʴ޵øһ磬һ֣ͬʱҲǿһ֡
䣡
̹֮ؾ𵴣ˮХַ˫ͫʴ޵вȥȻ̹֮صĳˮҷڡ
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ȵڶƣʮϣ
عʵǧƣ½ƾ̹֮رڱ̹֮أ徫ϸ㣬֪˶£ټԪ֮Ϊıء
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ıעեһֵּһ֣ʲô
޾âʴ޵֮ԪزȵһθҪǿʮƬ֮ؾҲƬ̹֮ؾ
~~
ַ˫оһ֮ӿʴ޵¶Цݡ
Ա̹֮ʣĳˮ´ࡣ

⡣
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Сֵĵطǿߡ
ͷܣҪôСѾˣҪôǽؾˡ
ǿǻɱӦϢ
ԣӦؾ֮С
ǿ߶һۣͷؾȥ䣬ؾλöһ
һ
ǿؾ֮ʱٿؾâһϢͻأس֣޲ɴ˫ۣѸٷӦɱⱬ
ž
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
Դ𵴣Χɫâдû÷׼ǱͷһȣһūͶȻ
~~Ͽգ貹âҫ䣬ַ֮ӰȻ䡣
ܫһʩչϵϹ֮Դʴ޵貾˵ڶƿǴﵽļ
οոڹ֮ؾг֣һϵǼޱ
䣡䣡䣡
һʮַݿֱ࣬
Ƭ̺󣬵ϱǶʮʬ壬ʬ壬ǵūȫѡִַоȳԣΪ⡣
ʴ޵ǿȫơ
㹻ֻҪһ֮ﵽԲΣʴ޵ȫ
Ψˣϡ
ʴ޵ǲףܫϵĹ³ħϵĹ
ħӵɰħѪҺԽ࣬Խǿ
һ㣬ܺʴ޵һƿȡ
࣬ܺʴ޵ڶƿȡ
ַԲÿζħѪҺһԪˣƾһϢˡʴ޵㡣
ս޵
ԸǿĵˣӵиǿĶʱ䱬
ڣǰǶǿߣҲһս°ɣַ΢΢ЦȴҲϣϰǶǿߣҪϾӮԼһƤ
֮ǰսӹɡ
֧ߣǿ߶Զ֧ҾһʱԽַ̹֮˫ͫԱֱܳ뿪䡣
ץʱ䣬δǿߵԼӭ϶ս



1838 ֮
ӣ
ַ漴ع֮ؾУΧӿһһûֹΨץʱ
ԭ̹֮صĳˮŹ֮ոࡣַо
Ʋȥʶռĸ򣬱̹֮صĳˮͬѷɫκһֹϵعʵعʵе;С
ǿ֮Ӧǿȵȡ
ˣÿһճˮƺѪǿһ㣬ȴͨعʵ߱ģȻǿֻǹ֮ƣ㹻
Ѫڱ仯
㹻ı̹֮سˮҵĹ֮ɱ
ַĵ
Ѫɱ䣬κͻƶҪһѪ仯˶̥ǣεȻ׵¡
ַҲ⣬;Բһ
ѣûҲν
⻷֮
֮
ȵʱַܴѹЩѹʹַٶȲܹ⻷֮͹֮츳ٹ֮ٶȷ졣
ѹһ棬һ档
ձ̹֮صĳˮϽԲε̤룬°빦
ͬʱǿȻȫͺ̵صȴһɱӣ罥ʼ𵴣
ֻʵ꣬ǵ֮
һЩǿߣٺϽ
ûӵаǵʵҲ׶Ȱǿ߶ˣǲ
ӦսʱͻƵģ϶Ӳˡ
޵ͷҲɳǵģ
⣬֧˺Χġǿ߻һʱȷַ޷ƥеġ
ַҲûǶս
ҪƣһͶ֣Щǿ߾ۼĻᡣȻЩǿ߼ɵٺò
ǵţһ֧֧鵽ɾۼ١
֮ǰַûմһڰǿߵĺΧߣȴһ֮ﵽԲսҲǴ
֮ǿ߾ۼսĿΪʱ䡣
ڱ̹֮Уȡʱ䡣
͸ƬķʽУôΨĳУ㹻ʱ䷽ܳȻ
һ֧һ֧ȥɱ飬Ҫ֪֮Ҫʱ
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ͺԼֻţֻȫվڽԲһ㡣
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Ϊʶռ䡣
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ʶռжԹ֮Ӧǿģ֮֮ؾطҪǿö࣬˵ʶԼܴԲΡ
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֮໥ͨģ
ңԼ뿪ʶռ䣬뿪̹֮أԴԲĸ򶼻ȴǰɣ졣
~~
̹֮ؾҲʱ͸ĳˮѸɺԳ֮ʣ֮һҲ֮ǰô峺͸ľ޴
Ҳ㹻ַ⡮һΡ
ӼԲһգ̲֮ڳˮ֮У͸ַ弡ǿʺ塣
Χϸڼ仯
ܿ죬ܿ졣
о֮ԪصĲ̹֮صһַͫһâű̹֮ƽ첽̹֮ء
ĿƳʣ޼ԻǵĳˮַкԼһܸ֮Բ̹֮صĳˮҲ޷ȫ
Ϊ£ѱٿݽߡ
ַ֮ȭоӿӿǰ಻ס̰֮֮󣬹֮Ҳȫ̤ԲĲΡ
⣬֮ƾ˸Ѹǹ֮ħơ
Ȼ䡪
ৣ~~
һǿϢ֣ӿⲢĹ֮ؾУʱȳַܼ֣˫ֹâʴ޵ħȻսȻսȻ
ǣˡ



1839 ץס
ƺƵǿ߶飬ӿ֮ؾ
ַȫգ̹֮ؼݽߣ·ϵؾֻҪгֺʱ䣬ʱձָܻȴ֪ˡ
ߣˣš
ʮ
ַȻʧЦ
û뵽ԼʮǿߣлаǶǿߣǿĿＸʮ֮ؾصˮйͨٲȻҪԼ֮ء
ΪռԽСƾܷԽ󣿡
ʵǡǡ෴
ַһҡҡͷ
Լʵûǿ߻ؾУΪԼסڣƷ㹻ūΧסԼ԰ǿ߸ֿ깥ȱ
֮ؾܷӲǿǿĵط
Ͼó֮
СĿռ䣬ܱɽ֮ս
תһ뵹Ҳףǿ֮Ըҽһ˷ʱ䣬ԼһֱŲҲû취˶ڣԼ
ȫѹ
ʲô£
ʵľѹƣ˼ɣԼлɱǿߵ
ôҲȷʵûΪԼȷʵ޷ǶԿ

һʼԼûܽǻɱɱĺҲԼܳܵġ
Լҿ϶һǿ߱Լɱ޷֮ʹһԸԼģٷְǾǿߡ
浽ʱԼֻжԶܶԶˡ
ڣͼ
ӳɡַ岢ңų״ƽǿ߶飬Ϣȫס쐻޿ϺǿַʤǶǿߡ
ǾǿߣȻѷ
һƣַ漴ҵһ֮ԫϱڵкģǲϸ۲Ǻѷ˲š
ȻǽĻܻܿᱻ֡
Ͼǿߵǿֱ
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ࡣࡣ֮ؾͷ̹֮صľͷһ㵭ˮһ޵Ϣʱǿ߲Ͽ
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죬ԴԱ̹֮ء
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ĳֱ֣õǿ

ץסˣ
֮ūһӵϣҷɵʯ飬ӲԾΧַ塣һڰǿ߸չͬâ֮ؾ
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ʱ䣬ȫһԶغǵ׸ߵӰ
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šİǿߺȻǰȻֵӰ𾪲ѡ

쳹ַʴ޵ɣ֮һڼ֮ϣ¶ۻڴ˿ַʵޱͷŶֱָǿߡ
ÿַ幥Ȼ
޷һλɱǿߣҪǱƿ¡µĵַһնɱūɣӲԱʵɱһѪ·
ˣ
ɱ
󣬴ǿŭǷӦȻԶ޳ĪǸϵǰַƿǿߣɱһѪ·˲ѷɳ۶
޹ٶȣ쵽¡
˲䡪
ݣ
ַѳ۳֮ؾ
һڰǿŭģѣӶһ׷ϳȥʱĻַӰ



1840 ϴ٣ʼ
Ӳֵ뿪ַ尲ŵ޷졣
ҸպǼɹ
ǽħֻʵܱܿǿץס֡ʵ飬֮ǾǿߵȻ޷׼ȷֵġ
ಣַ弲ڰ֮Уǳ⡣
һսһǿ߶δɱһûãƾ̹֮صĳˮ͹֮ԲֵƱۡ
Ĺ֮ںϵĻ½Բںϣʤ֮һϵ
У
һܰȫ˦ַ΢΢ЦĿԶԺиֳʾ·ŵͼԺи֣ʱҵ׼ȷλá
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Ϊ٣ѾԴ޵ٶȡ
ַ̤޹󻮹ÿռ䶼𵴲ѡ
ԲĹٴ޷ﵽٵģƾԡַ˵޹ǷܹҪǴһѵľ
Ͼ֮ҪﵽԲѡ
καòǹؼ
Ǭ䡣ַ΢΢Ц˦ʮǿͳĶ飬ͺѳػɣǰһƬ͸

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һҲһܸ
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쐻Ҫͻƣ֮ҪףΣʶ
ͬɻȱ



1841 
Ρɽۣ֮һΰ׳۵Ĺֱָ񷡣
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ĳʥ֮ء
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ˡҵȶ߾ȫ֮Уɫ԰ףǿǿҲԡη֣ʱ鼫Ǻ¼ɵ١
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ڣǿǰһɫȻ
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ѾŭǱ뾡ɱǸַ壬ԶһǿȥɱһСëޡ
Ϊּ⣬Υġ

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ҪģоŸǿߣԼֻ·һ;
ۼΪʵ
ȵǭ˵ַ廯һ⣬ʱʧ֮С



1842 ȫŭ
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԰ǶΪףһڰǿŭĿ׷ϣ޲ýַ˺Ƭƿڷ죬ռɱ졣
ַ壬ǭȫŭ



1843 ǣˣ
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1844 ǹ
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1845 ǭ
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1846 ǿ
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ǶУͻ񱩣ͬһˣŭ׷ɱַ壬޲ýж˿顣
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Ҫõ״̬ȥϴ䣡

Уʱɳ۶
һһףǽ̤ſٶȻɢƼ˿ֲ˲Ȼͬǿߣǵͫиоŵֲֳһơ
ǿߣ
̤ɫײףһսۻޱߣ˫ͫɫǿ̤ɫ⽣׶ǿУһ
ΪԹ֮ǲΡ
ǿߣΨһһ֮꣬ǿߡ
ΧԴ޾ǿһۣǶС
~~ײͫʱָ
ۣ
ͬĽУǿײʩչҪٰͣ㣬öɣŵֲɵ˫ͫǿ
Σ׶
뿪ǭ䡣ײ׵Ȼ
ȥʲô׶üͷһ塣
ײ׵ǭİǿϢʧûӦȥǭȡһֻʲô
׶ͷ
Ƕкܶ౦ԴǷǳϡģΪǿԵԴ޵ǿ߲̫壬˵ٲ䡣
ַ壬ǳ⡣
ײ׵ٶȺܿ죬ܴ٣ҿ׷ϡ
׶ʵֻҪƷΧڣͲӵõ
ײЦЦӵҲû£ô
׶Įͷ
ԼٶоţȻĹ֮һŴﵽԲоٶͬﵽ޹٣ϹͿδһǿܴߡ
ȥģ׶
ײ΢΢Ӧ䡣
׶üͷһšǴͲ䣿
ײ׵ͷ˾ŲʮǼⱦӦΪ˶ȥ
׶ϵô
´ࡣ
ܺãǺܿ񡣡
Ȼ׾١
ಣಣ
Ͽգٶֱȡ䡣



1847 һ
ϿգַǼٷɳۣĿֱָ䣬ĩĴͲ䣬չǧʵ̫ǿ
ַԣѡ
ʣ¶ն
ǲ֪Щһһķŭϧ˺棬þǿ׷ɱ
ңǿߡ
ײףԴ65
׶Դ42
ۺ
ţʲôУַٿظоһصô⣬Ӧɢȥȴһۣвɸе档
׷жǿ֮߰ǣƤǡ
ַٶȣ޹Ȼһת߾ۼȥ
˶ĵطһʲô
ϾѾĺĵش˵ҲǸľӢ۹ǲַĵһھۼĿⲻ
һˣ
ĸģ
Сһ
ȺУĿͶžɻ󣬺ַ壬ȴһףһʮᣬǿ߽ͷӶȴʶ
ַΪǿʱף˵ˡ
Ψ΢¥һߴӼַ忪ʼɴ˫ۣضַ壬Ϊ׵İǶӳĪ˫Ŀͨ죬˫ֲԽճȭ΢΢š
ɣӳһ΢߹¿ˮ
е񰡡һ΢ɫЩѿ
Ī촽ЩףĪ䣬ԺٿظֳμΣڶζԷٶ̫Щ壬һΡԼǼ
ս׺ţͷɢİȻƺš
Ҫǣһˣ
ӣΨһһˣ꣬ƵսףƵͣ°ʡһһеƣһ𣬼ǽӽ϶𰸡

һĪ͵һɫе԰ס
˭ǿߣЩԽľ£ǸһӲĿȻ˵Ǿǿ߶û

ɡ
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΢޲һַŹһ㣬Ǳܿ񣬴Щţַע⵽ǡ
ȷӦȺ֮УԵͻأࡣ
ţַ˲ע⵽ˡ
֮һӰৡǰ֮ǰûע⵽ȴӦˣԼǭʱ֧΢¥Сӡ
λּˡַǰк
Īɴ۾ɫһ࣬Խغ·𿴵ħһ㣬Χ߼Σ죬ĪΪǿߣȦлСġ
£ò۵ꣿ
ʱǺݡ
û⡣ַ΢ЦĪָָǰλֵܣ﷢ʲôΪδҶۼڴˣ
Īԥһ£֮ŵԿס
Ī򣡡Īô£
Դŭ޲¶֮ɫǳ
Īַ嶢ǻڣֱǿߺǳ⣬һһҧתͷɴ۾񺰣˵ҵģʲô£
üͷһ壬Īͣɲǣ漴ַ塣
Ȼµַġݡơ
֮ŵԿףַһȴҲߡ
帡գԶֻǰĲԫϱڣبÿһԫǶϱ֮䣬صĿռ䲨Լ֮ǰӦġ
ռؾַ档
ԼռؾҲڿռؾն֮ŵԿףǰƺơ˵ǰͺһٲϪɢ
ԼǸռؾһ
һңȶ
һͳһȶ
ǿռؾĻΪʲô˶ߵŲȥ
ַĿɨǿ߻ˣʮаǿ߱ʮǼѼģԴ֮󣬰ǿѾǸ̳¶档
һۼƺΪνġ֮Կס
ôã
ַܺ档
Ȼ֮ŵԿû̫ȤϾֻҪܰȻ뿪磬´ָ׷©ôһ㣬㹻һ֮ŵԿס
Ǯ򵽵ģַȤǲ
صĿռ䲨һƬƬʪˮӰĲԫַȴʮֺ档
ǿռؾ֮ŵԿףַĪʵ
Сֵܡ㲻֪գĪһʡ
գ
ԴأҲǿΣյվأ
˵ַӺ档



1848 ǿ߰
գʵһռؾ
ССĿռؾ϶ɣΪЩռؾǲͬ⣬൱ңռ䲨޴󡣡
ַͷ
⣬˵վһ޴ųһռؾǴųеӣ໥ײ໥ںϣԵųʮҡ
ԴÿһռؾյĻɡ
֮ţСĿռؾٶգžҲǺ֮ǰ֮ǰûʸ롣
ַüͷ΢΢һء
Ī˵ĺͳȴкܶɵ㲻ףԼҲдɻ󡣵ûʱʣҲϣš
µĿռؾ֮ŵԿΪģ޵УÿһĿռγСؾ֮صγɴؾΪһȶ塣
ȶĿռؾжһ֮ŵԿס
ĪصǺϸ
ַԼҲһ֡
֮һˮӰĲԫռؾһɣĸ֣γһ壬֮֮ԿΪԴƴ϶ɡ
γһȶĿռؾ
ģȶĿռؾģһһ֮ŵԿס
γɴҪãַʵ
ؾССؾ10100죬еؾ1001000죬ؾơĪָǰҵľ飬һеؾγ˴֮һ
ԻҪһңַ
Īͷɡ
ڽȥò֮ŵԿףַʵ
Զ׼Ϊõ߾Ͳվˡ
Ī濴Сʵÿһֶǿռһ֣㲯󣬸Ƿѱ棬ռ䶼ȥʧ
Ҿˣҵ֮ԿڣҲòˡ
һ֮Կףռؾ޷γɣʱԶУ޷뿪
ַȻ
΢΢漴ڽлô
ĪɻַһۣһƬޣֻпռ˵ǲʧ򣬳ҵ֮Կڡ
ʺ΢Сٷ֮һҪȡ֮ŵԿףȿռؾȫγٽ룬ʱ֮ԿһȷĿռ䡣
˭Կף͸ƾʵ
ַͷ
Ҳףȷ˵ռؾ̫ϵ󲿷ֶռ䣬ѱ棬֮ԿƬλãֻ̫߸Сĵ
ڽ룬ֱӽһƬջ硣
Ϊ̫ϵδγɡ
̫ϵγɺ룬ֱҵֻ̫ǵڡ
Զ׼
֮ԿΪĿģҪȵռؾȫγɣȶٽ롣
СֵܣղǸһȺǿô˦ôĪַһûôнˣ̾
û˦ַ˫ĿǰһϸСĿռؾԫڴ
û˦
ĪһȺ΢޲һ
ں߸ַתͷĪЦһЦﶺôãǲϹˣ
಻ʮ롣
ৣৣৣ
Īһ΢ߵɴ۾ŵһûڵء
Сֵܣ㿪ЦɣĪЦݺڳƵġ
šʮ롣ַĪһЦĿɨһ΢ߣǿ߰ɣЩǿڶˣָᡮɱ޹šʮˡ
Īһ΢߼ȫ
ۼַ嵭ı飬Ǻ㤵Ļ޲ɫ䣬֮
ĻǼٵģ
ߣĪ򼸺˲ϣ΢ǸŶӳʱһ紵һ롣
Ц
Ҫģȵǿ߸ϵǾҲӲߡ
ĪͻȻȥ޲һ㶣֪ô£˽ͷӶٿһθߵ͵ĵɴ۾Ŀѡ
ˣ壡
öϢ
ô
޲ȻǵصǿϢѹΪ׵ǰǶʵƣѪͫŭַ޲ýʬΡ
һڰǿ߸档
֮֮ǿ½۶
֮Ӵɿһ֧ӣۼ˰˴ʮǿߣһΣ˲ѱѹ
һǿȫˡ
ʲôҲ֪ͻȻôһ£ĪײҲǣҲǣΪѡ
ˡַĿŰǶɱ˵񣬵ȻһЦ
Ϣһ֮Ҫ򹿣ٿ͵һַ岢ȴֱһɢŹĿռԫȥ
~~
ʱС



1849 ˭ã
Ǿǿײףַƾͱˡ
ʵֻаǶȻֹˣַռԫ֮Уŭм񷣬˼׷ȥ
ܿ졪
ৣৣৣ
ǿ߽ƽУǿ޲һ㶣ͣ½ŲһЩԥ
ռԫʲôк׾ʧ
ˣ
롣
Ϊ׵İǿ˽һֹڴˣߡȵؾַһҪʱǸѣ
֮ǰ
һǿ˴ǿߴӣĽжɼѪŵļңһԲϾͻῪս
꣡꣡ണ
Զǿ½ԽԽ࣬һūͣʱ˫սʼʧ⣬˴ǿɫüѿȥ
ǾҪˡ
ߣֻսȴ룬ѡ˺ַһĵ·ռԫ֮С
˾٣ҲζǷ֮Կ׵ᡣ
ֻȱ̬һǿҲ׷ѡУĸֲȷΣԣռԫΪȫ
Ȼһʱ䣬ܱס
ǿԹۣϻؿбһԴߣָоǺˬһ֮ϵĿС
ۼͬȼߣǰߣǿЦѡ
ں侲侲ѽռԫ׷ɱҪ׷ļ΢΢һʼײϡ
ʱԽãײʾԽС

ռԫ
ŨҵĿռַεһƬ֮УǻǵĺֻΧˮԪأҵĿռԪء
ÿһԪض޶ԣ޷仯ռҲռԪصı仯ŤãվԭزƶûһҲҲӰ
ȻˣռԪصܼŨȴһһġ
~~~
ɫ̰ſռת֮ͣǰڿռؾеգҪʮֹ򱶡
ռؾĿռԪأȶģϳһ塣
ĿռԪǲģҴڣոף򵥡
һǶɷݵש顣
һɢҵש顣
һȡãԶ׼
ңΪռԪر˶ţʹúɫոɣҪƣдռԪءɡ
ϿռԪرŨȺܼЧ൱ˡ
ռؾҪһŻγɣһҿԺúַ֪ԼʵĲ㣬һһεսƳһһǱ
սսսѴﵽż
ռ䣡
һռؾγɣַģγɣֻҪؾķΧ֮УҲϾֻ߽ҵ֮ԿڵһСƬΧ
һȻıӻ
֪ԼߣҲûκΰ취
磬ҳײϾǿߡ
䱻ƣǿ߶סȥ·֪ܷɹﰲʵȵԱ֮ʱ뿪
꣬ǧΣ
ַ岻Ϊþǿ߻ǧ꣬ǵȵõǧտǿӿѵǲȥ
ΪץסңȴֻԼԼȡַһЦ
õģԼ
ǿץԼĿԣ΢΢

䡣
ৣৣ
һһӰǿߡײס͡׶ȻĴڣǿ𾪲ѣǵϥӭӡ
Ǻǣôײ״ӽɫһԾ£Ŀɨ䡣
˿δ̩ȻһƬ͡
û׶
һĹ⽣һذ׹â
һСײ΢΢һЦԸصǿ̧̧֣ʢ·
ǣʢ˸ơ
һǿߣ䡣
ӭǼġʱǿ߸Ǵδģǰհ
ܿ죬ײ׺׶еһЩɻ
Ѿãʼδȵַĵ
ѵӦǵĴˣײɻеţǿǾǿߣͬȼڣ߸ܸӦ
䣬ײײδʩչۣΪ´ݾߡ
¡
~~һ׹ײüָ̬
ʲô£׶
ײ׾Ŀһƣ׶Ϣʧˡ



1850 Ҫ޴ӣ
ռԫ⣬һһâɳ۶
ʱӰɫصײ׺׶ɢǿԵƣɢֱڳǿ֮һݣϥء

ǿ
ߣײüͷһ塣
ǵģΪ׵İǿߡ
ײǰţѹϢӦĿ漴һɨϣռؾóΣ
һ¡
۶ԿռؾʶóȰ˴֪֮ࡣ
ôײ׶
ȡ׶ɫȻϥ漴붨״̬ɢ԰׹⣬ǿͨ߸޷
ײ׵ͷ
֪׶ĸԣҲȷʵôһصĵһ޷
ΧײɫȻռԫԱ䣬Ҫۺʱ֡޴ӣ
ǣ

Ȼ죬һҲַ޹ء
ɫмտռַ彫¶ȫʳҪʳʶһС
ʶһһ㣬ÿһ㣬ǿһ㡣
ӦѪʶĿض
ռøӼ򵥡
ַ岢δռ⣬Ѹ߼ռ⡮ռҪһµµ
ڱʵ£սͱøؼ
ڵһռؾɫ㹻ǿȫܿס֮ƺͰ֮ħƣ̬ǿĹ
ַǵú
ʱڿռؾУʵԼڲ֮أıС£Լ֮ƺͰ֮ħ֮ںϣҲǿɫǿпơ
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ɫܳԽڣɱһ㣬ͻǿܿǿ״̬Ĺ֮ƺͰ֮ħơ
ַȻ֪ⲢȷķʽΪµĹӦΪһ壬֮ǰѪɱʱӺڷϣѾ
̶ȣΨѡһ׵ķ
ʱܶ࣬տռɫͻƵĿԺܴ󡣡ַ˫ٿһռʩչռɲǷ
ȻܫʥصܹںϣΪβܰѿռҲһںϣ
ںˡռʽֹһȣ
һ¡
ڿռؾУ޷ʹʱ֮󣬲ַ岻ںĹؼڻһͨĻپãЧһϵĺû
˫ִַ΢֮ƺͰ֮ħ
ɫǿƵؿ壬Ⲣں״̬ȴַĿǰʩչ״̬
ɫУɻн飬Ԫ˧ͳ졣
ܼ˹ⰵȴܸõĿȻͬ⣬Ͽռ⣬ƺӦ֡
ռһ밵
ܹˣڵչǰѷռ䣬޴ɱܡ
ܼǿںϣⰵ֮ϸ
ô̫ࡣ
ַǣں̫ѡ
밵ںϾѱȵ죬ټһռ⣬ϼѡ
Ȼһɹս

ַѡһʺԼĵ·ؾδΣռΪǿңԾɫռ羪ˣÿʱÿ̶
һߣںϡ
һߣǺɫеա
ַԣ·ֻҪܳһѾˣϾʱ̣ղǺɫеһֲ֪ʱ
ϾҪһδεĿռؾ̫ѡ
Ҫ
ȻַѣռؾĳΣܺɫ㹻࣬ûͻƼ͵ĸоûС
ӵ׶εĽ׶ΣȻסַҲ֪ѡ
¹֮ƺͰ֮ħƶѪĵڶ׶ΣȺɫлҪѷɫһȣûнɫǸҪѵöࡣ

ʧ֮ɣܣ֮硣
ɫδܫʥصռںϣȴͷһδɫһδοƣ߽Ĭγɹ
~~~ڰâҵһйص֮䣬ǡ
ָо
ַ˫
ռǿƣԴºɫеǿοס˹⡢ȺɫֱӿƣԿռٿؾͺʿһƸǿ⡣
~ৣ~
֮ƺͰ֮ƲӣڰâռٲȻЩвַͷ¶ǿвٿء
ٿء
䣡
𵴣ƬռǽΧռըһ󶴡
ǿַ˫
ںϳɹѱȹȥֹ⻹кܴռ䡣




1851 ռؾ
ںϵĳɹַġ
ǿеģԼҲȫģʣ¾ǽںϵƣʩչ磬Ҫʱ顣
ַ岻ż㿪ʼһһ
ɫУȡӴĲռ
ʶһ㿪ء
ؽ
ַʵȲš
ʱţһ¶߶ʵ൱̣֮ʱǷšĪ˵ĿռԫУǺҵ·ġ
~~
֮ŵԿ׳Σͺһ޴пռһγһĿռؾַһν
ƬռؾУռԪȶԶĵشĿռԪأҲǿңܵȶռѹȣڣпռԪγһ塣
ٶȣࡣַͣԶ
£ڵĿռѲ۵ãͺԭǷɳ۵ǣѳһžǳſռؾγɣһжƽ
ڲϱõĿռؾУҪҵ·֮ѡ
һƬȶĿռؾУԱλãҵ·ֻʱ⡣
£ַ岢뿪
һƬȻıӻ֮أ֮Կ׺ĵشǿֻ߳Ҫغĵش뿪ռؾ㲻Σա
ײһЩͬǸʱߣ׷ɱԼǿߡ
֪ʱ׷ǿߣַܺ棬Լ뵽ڣδһǿߣϾռһֱڱ仯̫
ڿռؾˣײô
ַ΢΢һЦЩΡ
˾ǿߣǿ߶˵ʲôһɱһɱһ˫

ռؾ⡣
ײף׶ȻſռؾΧһǿߣռؾΧˮйͨǿ߶һۣüͷ΢ء
ַ壡
ãδǸӰ
ҽȥײ׵
׶ͷ
ó׷ɱٵ׷£ûһӵóģֻҪǸҳ֣ض֮ء
ৣ~
ײ׽ռؾ
һһײҲںþǿߣԴ65λĳȻڣһֱ࣬Ӿɱˡ
ռؾܴײӦɢɫĮȻ
֪ǸǺηʥǵáȻŭǲǿ׷ɱ
ٿء
ޣײͫһоռ΢΢һʱʧ
ؾУһսף׳ħǿƿռһ˫ͫ͸žϲ֮ɫǿߵϢ൱ǿᣬͷһӡѪۼ

ӻˣ
ħǿߡ顯һ˷ޱȡ
һƬããĿռؾһ࣬ҵ׼ȷ·ߣعռؾ
Ȼħǿδüļ룬ǰٿسһɫâǽ̤ɫײף鸡ڰգüͷ΢壬ؿбؿ飬ٲȻЩ֮ɫ
׼ȷ˵ʧ
ˡ
ȻϵǰǿߣԴǿʶǿ߳ѡ鼸˲ķӦͷ£ӡ
һεסʱΧǿߣΧס
׿һײĮȻн֮ͷžʱ㽫ħǿ֡
䣡~

ʱַ壬ãã޼ʵĥ
ܺɫеٶȴ½ϾǿռؾٶȻ൱ɹۣҿռؾĳβӰ
ʶأĥ¡
ĿռԶԶ
ʵȥҿͻ򷢲ѰҸµĿռؾտռò˶ãɫоܱ͡
ַͷ
ɫезѰ
֮ƺͰ֮ħƣǺ޶Բ߿ԣϾѪı̫١
ʱܸܲ߼չַ΢⣬ʱҲֻˣȰ֮ħƣ¹֮ҪǿһЩ׶θӽ
ΪϵعʵԼʳĸࡣ
ʣµĹϵعʵв١
ʱԿȫʳ᲻ﵽ׶Ѫͻٽ㡣

ַӶսÿһλӶ̲ſռ⣬֮ÿռͣ٣˳
սȫ̡
۹ӦǶ˰ɣַЦЦ
Լǿģǹ
ӵаǶĹζԼܺͰǶǿһϸ£Ǻڰһ㣬ԼĹƿǣǣ
δڡ
ٿء
ţַ֮һ쐻޵ĸӦһϢĽӽ
һ£ڼһˡ



1852 ֮ϲ
ɶ񣡵׳·
ǾӢǿߡ׻ġĴ̽Ѱ֮ɶ֣Ϣ̽ѰѴﵽޣȻռؾ޴ޱȣ̽ѰֻǾţһë
ﲢ磬޷ʹá
ΪǸ࣡ǾӢǿߡ׻ġ뵽һ
һ࣬ǭ췭ظȮǭնһƼΣôһ̯ӣۡ
ߣ
ҴƤǣ׻ֵд
Լʵ׻ʮ㡣
Ǹַǭ䣬Ǳؿ仨ˮ֮ززô׻ĵʵ˿ؿ
ؿӮǸ࣬ȻҲܡ
׻ļڿռؾУȻĿɨӣһѰٳ·ѰַټʱŬŬ죬ĥĥԹԵıԹ켸
ٿء
һƬһĪ־ͷ׻ĺȻɴ۾˲ĵһӦһ㵭ɫĹ⻷
ৣৣৣ
һūʱΧѸײڶ
䣡~
һĿֲը죬ǳײһūֱӱֲɱ׻Դһ£ʱʹġ
ΧĿռ·һ㣬֮Ԫ밵֮Ԫޱҡ
׻ѪˣתǰһƬãȻԺȻǼһڼͷսµӰĿ罫ӡ

Դһ׻˲ûʶ
ļ
һֻ֮ۡ
ַһȡսƷҲ࿴׻һۣ̤޹ʱɳ۶ȥðǿߣԴ˴ŷɥȴްԣҲ
ʧȥʱȺʵǿȥ
ַˡ
Դޣͬȼαǿ޼һֶֻóȻַǡǡ֮һȫȻ
ӵǶǿߵĹӵǿ޷̽⵽ǿꡣ
һһɱ¾ͱޱȼ򵥡

ַ岢δȥѰң׻Լù·ҵַλãպײǹ֮ϡҪȥѰǿߣããʱҲ֪ĸȥҡ
á
ַĲ൱򵥡
ߣҲûǿȥɱһ֪׷ǿж٣ȱ֮ۺ
ײˣԲÿǿҲᶯ֡
ײϣҲν
¶յĲˡ
չϵعʵ
ַĥŵܫʥصѴﵽ100%֮۷壬ܳһ确ͨ
ĿԽҪۻͻƾͻƵġ
ա
֮ͨǺɫ̤Ľ׶ΣҵĹͻưǡַԼ뿪Ĺؼ
ǿ߿⣡
ˣڲ֮ء
ƢԣôܷŹҡ
ɱôǿߣڶ岿䣬ǵñףŭˣɱǧٱƶޡ
ַԳһЦ
Ҳ֪жŭ
ʮ֮˾ţڿռؾһǿߣԼͶܻܿǾǿΡϾԼǭ䣬ɱǿߣ·˽֪
һɾǿǰɱԼ
壬кܴơ
֮۵ĹЧǻǻӰ죬ҪֻܿＰūͣҵķҪǶѣԽпܡ
ַԼƺơ
ȻֲƣƷŴ󣬶ԼǶҲסǿߵĿ﹥ǿҪϴֱƴһ
·ʤ˭ӲһЩһЩ
£
߾һа취ս
ǿѹ£ַ嵶ǿ٣ʴ޵ħʱϣԸ߼ռ⣬仯࣬ǿ
ࡣ࣡
һһŵعʵײ˰Уǿ֮츳
ַɨ岿¶ûõϵعʵûٵá
˵ϵعʵôһ٣ϵعʵ࣬ÿʳعʵޣЧˡ
֮Թ̤֮뼫١
ʶÿһ䶼вٴСͲ仹Ͳ䡣
ͷַ壬һ˷ʳôϵعʵǿһ棬ϵ츳̤Žݣڽڸ
~~~
֮Ʋһſعʵǣʼͣյ˼ޡ
~~ַͫȴ֮ϲ
֮ƣѪף



1853 쵶
ͣͣ~
֮ƾͺһ֮⣬໥ǣ໥ƣɫâ͸뼡֮УһѪ衣
ϣ~ַоԼĹϸŹ֮ƵĽŸı䣬εĽɱ䡣
ǱѪѿʼѿԺٿֳһߴĺڷӰ
Ȼء
콫Ľɫսȫɢ춼ǲ͸սɼ⸡Ĺ֮ƣ֮Լĸֹһϵһ̲ǿƥ

ڷִһѪɫսɡ
УǰѪɫսȻǿ̲ع⡢֮һԹⰵΪԴÿһλӵѸƥɡ
䣡䣡䣡
죬ֱ񷡣
ǰһӰ񽫣κһɱԴ޵ľǿߣɢſֲϢȻȴסѪɫսһаʽ
¡~
ڷ֮һС
ĵ̲ع⡢ֱ֮ӣȴÿһιԹ⡢ΪԴһһʽ㸡ǰ
쵶
ԺУĪֳĸԶŵ֣ȴʶȴ֪˼ʮأͺԶŵĴаӿԺʱ䡪
䣡~~
ԴһƬڷսӳһһʽԺõÿһλӵÿһϸڣ΢Ųת仯ޱ
塢ʶǾ֮Уϻӵϱ
䣡䣡䣡
ַоԼʶû޾֮֮С
ãá
~ඥԴһƬ͸ַ͵۾ɲǣؿڼſ
ϿһΣ
ġַ˫ȭкˮԺиŸղŵĳ쵶ÿһУǰ
һУ
ַš
˫Ժеļ䲻ԾӶȻȴèѧʩЧ򭣬ûаԡ
µ֮100%۷壬һаڡ
쵶֮ͨ
һУƾͨ20%
ڶУƾͨ40%

Уƾͨ100%
ԺѶϢʮӵһеƺᣬȻ˵һУȴôҲǲУһģڡ
Ҫѭ򽥽
ӵһСʼѧ𡣡
ַͷ
ԼѪӵйϴм䣬ʼδ쵶ٲȻǵ֮ͨĹϵУԺڷʩչޱߣԼѪ⡢֮
µһСֻƾͨ20%¶Ѿӽ100%ַȫоõԶԶ
쵶Լܫʥصһ棬Զ
еĹϵо޾£ٸԷԼѧᵶеܱȡ
߹߹·ԶԼµ·Ҫɡ
֮վھ˵ļ֮ϡ
һ죬һᴴԼĵСַ岢ѧϰ쵶ʲô谭ΨоͨееǿĵǱ쳵
ߣⱾԼѪС
ԼĿׯ
ѧһСҵĵܿԽͻƵ֮裬뾡ͨ硣ַսϲ

Ѫľѣ쵶ȫջ
֮츳ǿѪɱջǿȵεĽٲȻʹַʵһ¥
ʽżΪͨǿߡ
԰壬ַ壬ǰǶǿߣնɱʵսвδޱøߡ

һӦµ壬ٶȡ˾޴ͻƣԭعʵǽ͵壬գٴ
Ϊ̤ǿ߲ΣƳϰ
ַһʣĹ֮عʵѪ츳޶ȵãһĥµ쵶
ڷһսʩչġ
ҵսʴ޵ħ޷ܹ⡢֮ͬʱ룬ǿƶ

ַüͷ
ȱս⣬ԼƺûһսڷѪɫսսԼҲƲˡ
Թ⡢֮ĿƣԼԴڡ״̬
ֻȴսͬʱʩչʼ
ȥ᲻ʲôƻջ񡣡
ַҲû취
ԼڿսѾףĶǿ߱ԲúԶ
ڴмԶţڷɱĽսʿ硣
һһǿġִַ˫սԡ



1854 
ãã޼ʵУһӰ
ִսȴЩײ࣬ϸȥսʩչĵиȻͬͺƶԳƵ໥֮˿ǣš
ֵ
Զŵĳ쵶Ȼֹһһʼս⣬ڵġֵǲɱѹء
ڷʩչĵĵһսʩչġ
ַ峢˺ܾãսʩչͬ쵶ȴǲײ࣬ȫͬôҲҲɺͲȫûκͷ
˵ӳѱȵ졣
ѡ˷ֵ
һΪΪԭ쵶ǶΪһֻǺڷʩչ̫ܽһȫںϣԸоǶΪһĵС
Ƿֿʵ׵
֮һף֮һס
ַ˺ôľŲ⿪⻹ΪԺӡŵԵʣȻĿǰĵʵԶԶ޷𿪡
֮ʩչһЩַȫ֮Ӷʴ޵
׶εĹ̲֮ǿѪֹͷŹ֮ԴӦ֮ɣʩչ֮һҲӦ֡
Ƚ֮£ڶ׶εİ֮ħƾ͸
һѪĲ࣬Ǻܴ
۰֮ħƣڶ׶ӦôԴеȣµѪ
۹֮ƣ׶ξǴԴ޵ϵѪ
ַ
ԼʵѪ֮ƣ֮ħƼɫУּɺĶѪǿ
ҵİ֮ħƽɱ׶ΣҵѪվԴ֮֮ۡħѷɫ֮ƣ쵶ĸҲȡ
ȹȥǽࡣ
֮Ƶϵ쵶٣Ͱϵ쵶Գƣϵʶʹðϵ쵶Ҳӿ˲ٶȡ
ͺ߹һ·ǹ˵ںҹߣҪЩоµһҪһ㡣
ޡ
عʵ˱õļʮ⣬ȫУ쵶һСҲСɣȻԲҪ죬ʩչˡ
߳߳
Ȼͬսк䴦һұ֮ռ䶼Ǿ𵴡
ַԼҲǱ󷽡
൱֮
ըǿȫ޷ơʶڷ˵ĵַ֪ˣը޴ʵ򲢷ˡ
ΪĹھұըɢ俪
˵˷ˡ
ǿȫһϣбըһϣ޵ѹƣѹƣֱʱȫ
쵶
ѹµĹûκαը
ֻ𡣡
ڶ𣬵ＫʱֱӱһУΪҽʲô춯صıըըڷ˵Ĺֱӣȴ޿ƥС
̧
ǹﵽ˼¡
ԵһΪַࡣ
һ˵Ѳѣ˵ʵҲף쵶ĹؼŵһУշ⡢֮һ壬ײұը
ļɣĲٿء
Ϊַоõڷʩչ쵶ʱɫеĴڿ˵΢΢ȫӦǡǡǹ֮ƺͰ֮ħƣԼȻ뷨
Լ£Ǻɫгǡ
ڷ˵ĺɫУ֮Ƽ֮ħƣӦöͬһΡ
ôģúɫȫ񲻴һ
ַĥ͸
ûʦ̵ƾԼԵеĽѪķЩãʡַĹؼҲǹĹؼ

ûнݾ
ֻʼˣҵ⣬Żס쵶ַ˵κһ׿Խ˵ȫǰĵ·
һУܴͨ
ȫ򣬵֮ͨ100%

ְ꣬ʱš
ڼַߣԷŭĿ򣬵ҲҶ֣ΨŭȥַȲͻҲ׷ϣΪ֪вޡ
ǣΪԼԲšȡռԫ֮С
ַԲںǡزʶԼΪҪǨǡб£ԼֻצģС
þûǿˡ
ѲɣĶҵ·ȥˣǣ׷ǿֻôһ㣿
ַʴ޵ӶдƵı쵶ĵһдŵڣСˡ
֪ؾߣǿ߻ûڵţ
ַһЦ



1855 Ҵˣ
ַµûռؾȷ޵
ײ׺׶ǿΪףǻٸǿߣΧˮйͨ˵ַ壬ǾǿҲѷɡ
Ȼǵ꣬ȴʲôûȵ
ৣ׶˫ͫվ
˾ͺһĹ⽣Ϣ˺зϬĿſռؾô
ײʼ磬ƲƲ졣
Ҳεĺܣʲôûȵż˼Դǿߴӿռؾȫйɱˡ
ͷβûǸӰ˼һ
ȫʧ
˷ʱ䡣׶ɫ䣬üͷһšȻǺܸˡ
ʲô취ܵءײ̾
꣬Ȳߡ׶۾漴չĮײҲû취
ҪǴ򲻹׶ģԴαɼһ
׶Ǿǿǰʮǿߡ
Сӡײһ˫ռؾòԪɣ뵽⣬ײҲΡ
ܽռؾռؾ⡣
ҲǸСӣֻĿĵĸɵȣ׶ԣȫ˷ʱ䡣
Ҫ֪ǿǾǿߣʱ䱦
ң˶վͻῪϴοѾǧԪֹҲǵȴá
û취ٵȵȰɡ
ȵտʱ뿪Ҳܺ͡и
ײ⡣
˵ʱ䣬յĻԵʲô

꣬߰꣬˰ꡣ
ַ岻߲ݵ֪¼ΣȫУһǿȴǣʱ˰أͬһ¡
Ѱַ壡
ǭơ
ǭ䱻٣ǿ߱ɱܲܲοַҪģֵ
ģ
׶
Ŀ׺ݣ¹ţȴϵ
ϵַﲻߣΪַ߲ˣ߿϶ΧƻĸԣԪôҲ뿪
ԣҪѱƬգҵַ壡
ֻҪɱַ壬ڶܳһܵõļǭһ¥һá
ȴ룬뿪ĳ·ңǰѾҵˡ
Ϊ뿪Ƭգͽˡ
ûꡣ
һҪҵǸƻַ壬Ȼ󡪡
ɱ
ƾǶʵҪɱһֱ̫ɡ
~~˫ͫ˵ֲſż壬ǶʮֽӽǣҪͻȴҲס
۸ӦƼԺ;ǿ
Ϊһ
ַ岻֪ǣдͲᱻһ׿ԽǴഫܣǿ߶֪Ҳ
Ƶ׿ԽġĦԦ
ⲻһӦǶһģΪĦԦʶַ御ѾСģֻ΢ӦȻ֡
ΪĦԦзӦ
ձַ֣֮Ƕӵ׿Խ
ǣĦԦһ˷Ӧͺ״̽ÿһƬƺȻɴͫͷϵٿſϲ
Ӧˣ
һޱϤϢһΥѰҵϢ
Ҵˣ
ַ壬ҿӣ
ƶͷ֮ŭĵ׿һʱ¶ɣɱַ塣
һ죬Ѿ˺ܾá

޾Уַոһյŵ
ܹȥ˰꣬Ȼֳģ͸쵶һСֹϵﵽСɣϵҲǽŲﵽСɡ
Ȼңңڡ
ߵںϣΪһ壬Ρѱȵ죬¹ȥ˰꣬ȻûκͷַҲżųȥ
ȵϵϵﵽɣյбʵʱںϣչ֡Ρ١
ԽǿԽϤճ̶ԽߣʩչԽǿΡľԽ״ﵽ
ԵַһĹ滮
ϰУв֮ǰš
ǿϢַ΢΢һһЦʴ޵ԡ
ϢԼϤޱȣ֮ǰһֱ׷Լǭơû뵽Ҳ׷ҷԼ
ãͦáַ˫սսڡ
˰꣬ԼҲĺܣһֵǿߣÿһԾ
µԼжǿ
ĺãַ˫ֱͫӭȥ



1856 һֱʵ
䣡
սһ
ַĸӦǿƣ׿ԽĦԦͬҲַĴڣӦ˴ˣ˭Ҳռʲôˡ
ৣৣৣ
һūͳ֣߸֮ࡣ
һɫǶǿߣʵӰ죬߸ū͵ʵ޷ǡˣ߸ǶǿߺΪһ壬սǾˡ
ңƱҲǰǶǿߡ
~~֮¶ɣֱӶַʩչ츳ҡǶĻõһͬȼ״ֿ̬ǿҲʧ⣬ս
֮ٹūΧɱ˵°빦
Ȼ

˲䣬Ʊɫ䣬ҾͺһӲޱȵʯͷû˿á
ƴʱЩףΪ԰Ȼϣһǿ
һУ̸ıսֶΡ
~~ɫĹâʱֱֻͷÿֻɫͷͫâƱк
﹥
ӵп౦ǿ߶ӵƵĹֻڱǶĲٿغǲףǰǶҲ׵ֵ
ַ壬ƺҲǡ
ˣ˫սعâŹֵط𹥻ɫͷ
һɫͷƿַĹֱȡȻղŵĹַ࣬ϵĺʱֵס
أ
ַˡ
ϣһ仮
߸ūߣĸѳȥɱַ塣
һ£ַ֪ʵ
ͨʵӵмǿѹɱˡȷжϣҲֻɱͨͬȼǿߣǾӢʵʤ
Ʋ֪ģ֮ǰǭһǾӢǿߡ׻ġѱַɱʱַ壬ʵԶڡ
䣡䣡
Զ֧Ԯ£ĸūԽսԽ£ϻ֮Ƽң෴ַ崦ƣȻִ˫ʩչܸоĿ˵ʲô
ҲǷǿЦѣǷ
ԼռϷ磬رʧƿַķɱʱ⡣Ŀ﹥ɫͷǻ˹

ʵս
ѵһö֣׾ͽɱ̫ϧô
˰ַ꣬Ѱ˼һ֣浶ʵǹһ쵶Թ밵֮ϣպðǶˡ
֮ǰԼɵһ֡
ڣַں
ַ˫ͫʱâԺиֳڷģʱкйĪǿø񣬻Ӷ˳ס
ŵСɣСɵɣַ嶼һ˶սûС
̸ֽûõģսǿսġ
¶ǿãһԵǽİǶǿߣмܣҪԵס
ַԣǿֳɵ
ﵽͨǿ߸Ʋķ
ֻҪסƵĿ﹥ڲ֮ء
ַ˵̫򵥡
ԭһʽҵνӳ⡣
ϵһʽϵպصӲǿַһһţԭĿİĵһ
ͺɨϰ߿·ϵСʯӡ
֮Ȱ֮ħҪǿĶַ࣬ʴ޵ĹٲȻҲʤħһĸ򣬹ϵ֮ϵҪǿࡣ
ˣԭַһһʽνӾڹ֮Ƶҫ£ԽԽӦ֣׵С
ǱߣƸտʼʮ㡣
ʱţɫȴԽԽѿΪء
˲Ծ
սͺھУǣűߣĸū͸տʼռϷ磬ȫΪӡ
ԼĹÿһַ忴ƶĺǿֱڡ
ַ嶼ûˣ
òᣡ
һֱʵ
ƼǷɫ࣬ŲĪǰַ壬촽ɬ˫ѲԽؽգȻ
ٿء
䣡䣡䣡
ǰըռһƬĸū˲䱻Уַ˫ն̤գ߳쵶ն飬ֱɱū͡
ƴʱ׷ʲô
һʼַ
ɡַͫɱ
ܫʥصռɲǼ˲һֱֲӷס·
쵶δǰַǿĹ
ԻɱǶǿߣ
䣡



1857 
ûū͵ǿߣʵۿۡ
ַһ꾫񹥻ϱǿǵĹϿµٶȣ˵Ŀǡ
ʶܰǶǿƵʵַǿǰ
ƱˣǶǿһʵӲһɣһȺūͣȻַĶ֡£һһֻǶ֮ۡ
ַ΢
ԼЩǿ֢壬ǲܲһ˱ɱܸܵף䱻׷㼸ꡣ
䣬ˡ
ǿߣӵͨ
ǿߣضһͨ
ǿߣһͨ
£ǶǿȴٲȻ֡
ַһһͨһУоǿֱ顣
౦ַ֮Ŀ⾼
һ͸̵ĹʯϷ۸Ÿ·ÿһ·̲أֵ̹񣬷·ܸо
ԼӵԴʯȱ궨
ٲȻǳΧ
׿ԽַȻѣϸ̹ȴû뵽Լ˵նһ׿Խ
Ҫ֪ԴޣֻͨҪǮ򵽣׿Խ
ȴļƷмУ
޷ýǮĳ
£Լһ
šַĿ׹յƣһţΪǶǿߵԵôʲô͡ģ
Ժܶࡣ
һĿǡ
ַ尵ͷ
ܿΪǴͲһ棬󣬹ʶӵһ׿Խ
׿Խ˵ôƺ󡣡
ַ΢΢
ԼѾ˸ǿԴʯһ׿ԽܸоЩ㡣׿ԽҪķȥսһֻҪϴϾá
ԼУֻǷšƺЩ˷ѡ
˵
뿪磬ٽϵ١
ַĵ
ŵ̹ʱһâΧ֮ͨޱȸԾȫܸо̹Ӵǿʶ
ͺһǿߣ߰⡣
ٿأԴʯʶ𵴣£֮𶯣̹âһ̰ĺӱѵƵģ˲عԭλʮְ
~~
Ѫڣ̹񻮹һ⣬ϻʧ
׿ԽĦԦ
ַԺӿѶϢĦԦһоģһ౦ﲻ٣ܵþ깥Ӱȵȡ
ͬʱǿӦΪĦԦһӵʶĴڡ
ӦҲܷӦ
ЩԤ֮С
Ͼ׿ԽӵЩ
ԶԶ׿Խֵ
Ԧːַ֮𵴣Щ˷ܣ׿ԽĦԦķ⣬һ
Ԧː
ː޾
ː޲ԽߣԽСַף޶ȵģϾ׿ԽΧΣ仯
쐻޷Ϊģħģ
Լϣӵֱĵġ֪ħĵġѪԦːľ
ҾûˡַһЦ
ĻħģǿԼʵԼ֪ԵϿԺڶ׶ΣԦː
֪٣ַܺ档
ȻĦԦϣ󣬵ǺõģΪ׿ԽֻӵΨһһֵַеڴ
ĦԦΨһԦː
ַ壬ܿ쿪ʼ
µֹǰε̫ɣԦː൱ӣкܶõļɣַʼǿ
Դޣ
ųǿ嶼Ȳˣ°빦
ʮַ꣬׿Խǿ
Ԧː
һԡַ޾֮С
֮о˲ĦԦעҐ֮УȫɲǼţһŴ֪ʱӿ֡
ǿ
޵ǿ
ԭ֪Ѿǿ¾ͺŹâһڣĦԦǿɲǼԽޣٽ㣬ƽ
䣡~
ַԴһŵ˫ͫ
Լː֪ĦԦǿ󣬾ȻԽϣٴͻƾ磡




1858 ǣɵһЩ
֪ȫ
˲佫ȫ֪ķΧӣӦ˲ǿɱĸ֪ӵбΣյ൱⡣
ⲢС
ַϲǵеһ
ȫΡ
ֱȫ֪ޣϢȻαǿҲ޷֪Ĵڡ
൱ˡ
ʵԼǿĳңֻܣôʩչȫΡܱܹһ١ȻȫһľԣǾǲƶ
һƶͻʧȥԡ
֪ʩչȫκܷ֮ңַ岻ȷ
Ͽյۣ֮ͺo۲˼䣬ֻҪڵһһӲk˫ۡΨһܱܿģǸؾ
ҼдﵽٵȫĵС
۱Ѿһһġ
ʵַ൱⡣
Ѫɱ䣬쵶ն׿ԽĦԦն񣬽ռԫջС
ΨһǷȱǣ쵶һҪɣңңڡ
Ԥиѡ
ȻԼֹȥҲκΣգַҲԼǳ£ϵϵܴôá
һǧꡣ
ұҪ뿪
ַԼʹͼϵΡ
ٶһǧ꣬ѾԼĵߣʱǷ쵶һУ뿪

ռؾ⡣
һǿȻƬռؾǧȥȻһ˿ɫ˾⡣
˭ɵһǧ꣬ˡ
ǲǾǿߣûʸϢֻվϵѲߡ䣬󼸺Ѿľ
~~һϢ˰ɢ
ȫǿҹһ⻷ǿ׶ɫȻ°΢΢Ŀɨܣڿռؾͣ䵽ײϡ
ǧѹ׶
ȥɡײ׵ͷ
׶ײף׼ȶã
ײ׵ˣǧսʱһȥ
á׶ͷ
Ҳٶԣ漴תߣ
ǣһǿӦһ׶£׶һȥʱƿ׶һǿߵȥռؾʱյ١
ײҡͷ
׶ҪߣסΨ
ԼڶʱǸַǲģǸ൱ƻ񣬾ʡ͵ĵơ
֪ǿãɵô
ǸȻɵ
ǣɵһЩײ׿ЦҡͷĿռؾҲΣּڣһ뿪ˡ
£ǵþְء
ȵտ󣬽ʱ뿪ûʲô˵ˡ
ƻƶˣǼʶˡײ겻ѡ

ռؾĵһǧ꣬׶뿪ˡ
ײߡ
ʱַ壬ĥ쵶һսԵһ򣬹⿿ǲģս졣
ս󲻾ãַµĸ
һǧһ꣬ϵ쵶һɡ
һǧİʮ꣬ϵ쵶Ҳɡ
ַ忪ʼںϵУһֱδܽ⡪ΡҪȫⷴںϣﵽΡľ硣
δﵽΡľ磬뷢ӳ쵶еĵ⡣
ûйϵ
Ҫǣܽŵиͻͣõĵ磬뾡ͨ
ʵһ޴ͻơ
ѡ
һǧַ꣬ųԳɹ
һǧ߰꣬ǿںһǿźɫеǿиԤ
һǧ˰ꡭ
ַ屩Уֲһ𣬲ʱײȴֲʱϣռÿһǿ
¡¡¡
ƲڶƼ󣬹⿴ĺѡ
֮ǰܫʥصĺϻǿʮֹϾԶŴеĳǿֻһ˿Ƥëͨȡ
ң쵶ΪϹ⡢
Ⲣ⾳
򵽵һС֮ţӦƿ裬뾡ִַͨ˫Ŀԡ
£ԼĵԴ۷塣
ġ޴󣬾춯أʵδţѧ֮Ļ˵Ǿǻӡ
ڣԼҲֻ
ǧꡣַ˫ɨܡ
ǧǰԼ쵶ǷǧԼ뿪
Ͼ޾ʱҪ
һֱҲǰ취ԼȵãϵȲá
óȥˡַ弲۶



1859 㣬ˣ
ռؾ֮С
ĴɼɢĿվƬؾһ޴ȻѨŨĿռղͬĿռһеˮΣƷɢʵѳ塣
֮ŵԿףһ类ȡߡ
ռؾУȻʮǿߣӦɢƬؾ
ǵ
ײװǿ߷ֳӣƬռؾÿһӶɰǶǿߴӣʵףֻҪַһ֣Χˣκλᡣ
ַǭ䡮Ǳӳײ׺
ַʵ׼ȷԤ
ۺ˵ַڰͨǾӢ֮䣬ʶǲǶǿߣƣҲʵڵĲá
£Ѳ߾ǵһСӡ
ӳԪײ׵ͽܣ۰ǶǿҲٮٮߣʵǭƣҪǿ
ʵϣӳÿһҪǿ
ײµսΪǲӵвģΪǵսѾǿвֳͻ
ÿǿ£еսһǸյͽܣӡ
Ԫײ׵Ĵͽܡ
㣬͵Ԫȵ˶۾ţغǳ£ƾһ˿ʶײΪġ
Ѳһǧ˰꣬Ԫûһ̷ɡ
ٿȻ䡪
ͣͣ~
ԶĿռǷѣռ͸ƬռؾЩ΢΢ŤԪɴ۾ס˫ſֳŰѷɵڿա
ÿһѷɵŰɫ˿ߣ͸ۿɼ
̤
һɫӰĿռпͷɫţǣɫ糣ؿڴս׺ɫͷ͸һĿȻ
ַ壡Ԫɫ˲䡣
ַص㣬ʵսʽȵȣʦײһѸ߹ֹÿһǿ߶֪ͻأؼˣȴ쳣
һǧ˰꣬Īأôģ׵سǰ
ԪϾǰǶǿߣӦٶȲν죬ַɲǱչŰѷɵһѾŵǷɳ۶
˿ǣԪ˫ϣ֮۹âҫ
Űѷɵֱȡַ岻ͬķλתã·ַ۶㵽ᱻɵ׷ϣԪԼĹоš
ķɵ
һԪóǿֱȡַΪײһѾ֪˭ַ塪ɱۣ
ѪծҪѪ
ȻʱյַѾһǶǿɱɱ˵ģַֹֻâʱһԲܣϷһհ״
~~
ȹոҫһɫĹʽַַ֣һȦٿ֣ݰתʱڶĵȦһһ֡
ž
ַǰĹҫԲܣչֳ˷ǷķֵԪľķɵ
֡
ַоУ㲻ģ۷Ϻףţ磬Ե׶εĹ֮ʩչȴȫַ
ǶĹֵ
֮ѪַĲεɱ䣬սøȫ棬֮һ
ʲôԪһܴ죬ʼδ
ūǻסΧȷȫַ֪սʽս൱£ֱȰǶǿߣΨ㣬Ϣƺ
ಣ
ֵַԪ˲䣬ֱӱǺˣս
ʲôȻĦԦ룬ȫҪ̽鶼ܸоռؾ⣬йɿǿ
Լʵ޴󣬵;ǿȡ
Ҫѷɫࡣ
Ǻ;ǣһ档
οǿߣūʵѾ൱ˡ
ڣַĿһݣԪԱ˲սһľȻԪַôսӡЩȻ
ץס
ܿ죬Ԫ㷴Ӧ
˲䱬ռؾ
ҲֱӾؾײףԪֱӵķʽ֪ͨǿߡ
㣬ˣ
һַĵޱΣ٣ӦٶȺͷΧʮֹ㲯ܿҵڡ
Ȼٶٿ죬Ҳ첻Ǹǿڡ
ҿռؾڣ谭
䣡䣡ִַʴ޵ħɾնɱ·ǿߣǰͨεʵһж£ȻŴ˫ʵ쳹ؾ
ַ̤޹ٶޡ
ڣٲȻǰ
ڴʱǰһɫâ֣ǰ˺Ȼһ˫ֵǿߣ̤ɫ˫͸
ƣƬ
ǿߣײף



1860 ҵһǧ˰
˫ͫڣײױ˫֣̤һǵĽɫǰɢкƲһγһȻ
û˵ֻǾؿַ壬췭ظࡣ
ײΧûһūͣٲȻո˵
ȷʵǿߵʵǶԸһǼ໹ҪūͣȥЦ˴ײףԴ65λĳȻڡ
Դǿ߶֪Դһٽߡ
ٽվŵģǽ˵ǿߣԴǿߡ
ٽµģֵһᡣ
ַ壬Ҳͣ
иӦģؾ²ģǿһᶯáԸǾǿߡ
Ҫ뿪ֻ˵뿪
Ͼǿ޿ɱ⡣
ಣಣಣ
ַԪΪ׵ĵһСӷ׷׸ѸɢΧסַ壬һ˫˫۾ž֮ɫСԪճԹǶַʮּɵ
¡ײ׻ӻ֡
ɫȻֵĶᣬȴһɲΥϣԪʦƢͷŵһСǿ˵󷽡
ʦʵҪǰæ
ַ壿ײڣ΢΢Цҵһǧ˰ˡ
ͷˡַ֮һЦ
ײĿ˸û뵽췭ظ࣬ᡣҺܺ棬ô
¡ַ
ײЦЦҿɲ²ҲûϵҺܿͻ֪ˡ
ַĿһơ
Լǰǿߵ˼ֻҪɱԼԽ̹϶֡
֪ǰӴ˽١ַ쿪ڣɫȻΪߣսη֪ǰԸܣ֮һһԹ
ײЦԲ۸ˣԸ㣬ҿūͶٻ
лǰַϣˣһһľԼϣ󣬲û뵽ǰǿдūͶмٻ
ռ̫СǲƲ߾ַ
ײ΢Цҡҡͷ̫ƻܵߣ񲻵󺣣ʱҪӣﵽٵٶҿ׷ϡ
ַȷ㡣
߿տɹ˿أԼһ룬ԼﵽٵٶȣֻҪѣǾǿҲһ׷ϡ
ǰôַЦ
˵ʲôأʦŲأ
üɵ࣡
ײ׻û𻰣ǴԪǿߵŭ
ַ嵭ȻһЦĿؿб
üǰǿߵĸ߰治һܡ
ϾūͶٻ
߰ɣĸġײо̩Ȼûжķϻת½ɫǷɳ۳ڣʧǰ
ৣ
ַͫ
ԼǰǿһʮնԸԼֻǿסԼԲźںԼҪ
ⳡ̣ô
ԭļƻҪıˡַ̤֮ڣǿԷǴˣգɵԼ
Լִԭеļƻֻܣһ˿ĻᶼûС
ҪҪ뿪ֻһ취
ַ̤ڣΧĿռʱ࣬ȡ֮ŨĹ֮ԪأԪؾ㻷ΧԼ֮ƸȸԾ
ϣȻС
ϾԼĹǴﵽǲΡ
ǴﵽߵĵزΨһֻǿ߾֮ͨͬǿ
ңʵţðæū͡
һһ
̫Сˡ
ҽռԫǰǭʱʵΪ׼ַ岻Ѳµ֪ԼӵйٵٶȣȻǴǭʱʼ
ʱԼȷʵܰǶǿߵʵûС
ڣѽȡ
ǲ֪ǭǶǿƣڿռؾԼС֪Ͳдˡ
ַԲ˵䡣
ԽԼԽںԼĻŻԽ

磬ŨĹ֮һֻ֮۾ͺoעÿһ⣬ʱһɽ롣
ǿײ׽̤׿Խܽɷִ׿Խ̡һɫĳۣͨȴҲǾµѥӣϵǾ
װݣ
ĸԣԴһģͨ˶˵Ⱥǿľǿˣÿһ䱸׿Խ
ھ
ֻҪ룬䱸ʮһټûйϵһǿǲƵģΪǾ棬ȨĶˣ
죬һǼվײ׵ǰ
ַ塣



1861 ַײ

ʵҸʦЦ
þûʦˣ֪ʦʵ˶٣
һԴʦڵ65λӦ60λ˰ɣԸСһ´ࡣ
ţϸţúѧѧѵá
ֹԪΪ׵ĵһСӣڶСӣײ׵ǿ߷׷ΧܣͷӶۿⳡǧѷľ
Ȼ˫ʵ༫󣬵Ǻ⿴ľ
һţǿߵʵѹ棬˼ȴΪ̵Ĵܡҡ弱ձ
ָоˬ
ǲҪΪʦͣΪȫûҪս̽㡪
գ۽
ʼˡԪһͺȣǿĿ۽ɲǼ侲дϬƿ֮ȴһѪɫͷʳư硣
ˣѪ
ַԲײȳֵĻᣬ䶨ֱӱ˵ٶ䲻޹󣬵ѪֱǶ
ķҪֵҲǲס
һַĶٷǰǿߣǻʵ֮֮һײס
~
һ˦ΧǱ仯ռŤײ˫ͫ͸Ŀռ򼫶˿£һмƽˡ
õ޾ռ֮Уʧ
ǿߵʵǿ޵У
ȣʱ䴫һ죬һھ״ַ֣ٶȼ죬˹˲ǽֱײһȫ
˿~~~
һǿѹֲ
һνӵıըԹһй֮޲ռ𵴣ַ֮ɫǲ԰ףʴ޵͹ּ֮¹â
ӣײɫһ㣬֪ӵھгƵϼƷӽ׿Խ־ͶǿԽӵҲԴһƬ
Сӣʯ٣ײԲַ֪жǿ
ΪӱĹַ龫ϧ
ϧûãײЦ˫ſ
ʱ䣬ֲ֮ͬбֱӣǿײá
ȥײ׿Žǡ
ԲһֱַѹŴ򣬾סڶͽǰҲᶪ
Ҫ֪Ǿǿߣ
ײʵ˲ʱ׹Ȩȸ߸߾𣬺Ȼ䷢֮
~~~~
׹⽻ӣײ׷ٶȼ죬һ׵ͺƾҧַ壬ͬʱǰһɵ׵˳ΣΪܡ
׿Խ̣
ײ׵ֱܹٻ׵ʹӣսʽǿأʱһ׵Ҳŵȭַ塣
ƣַȻ˫Ѫ
޵߹Ƚӣ͵һ춯Ƭռ˲䱻ѡ
¡~
֮ǿƺֻ֮Ҳǲһ¡
֮Ĵ߹ȣ
ԭѾǾ񼶱𶥶ˣ¸ֱӴﵽ׿ԽΣֹײ׵Ŀռȫ飬׵ķѡ
ԶΧײͽܣһҲɫѿæֵ
ֲ̫
ʲôײɫ䣬ȴû뵽ܷӳȿֲʼδϾǾǿߣ֮ǿԲᱻһǿߴϡ
꣡ϣ
ַѾǿײ׵Ȼ̶һ׵ַϣƿ׵ķײǻһĨЦ
ͻȻײɫȻһ䡣
󣬾޴Ľɫͷ֪ʱĪس֣ſѪڣ罫ɣһƬ䣬ײ֮ۼŭǿĵɫۣγһ͸֡

׺䶯ײײ͸˲䱻ײ鿪޷ֵĳʹײһģȥ˫ĿŭԲ
ʱףһʼͱˡ
ɫȻʧĿռ֮Уʼַ嶼δȥƣڼҵµĶսжĲٿأشʱ
ü
ͺһŶʱը˲
࣬Ȼˢӣײ䱻ˣûˣҲٻū;ͺַսźǱߡ
ǶĹǳ䲻⣬
ǵС
ײһ̤׿ԽܽɷٴλӶⳡġսٿȻռͺͣٷƵģһޱǿȻ֡
ܣײɫ䣬Ȼɴ۾
ַ壬Ǳô



1862 ǿ
ϵף飡
ϵ֣飡
ַȫԡѪƲᡣ֮밵֮Ƽţ˫ķ˵ĴۣǿסǼĹ
⣬ѾǼޡ
һɡ
ײ׻ᣬƾ˺ѪӲתƣַռȨʱɱʴ޵ħǽӦ
쵶
100%ɫмתڿռؾȡ㹻Ŀռʹúɫܱڽ׶ζˣǿĿ⡢ȱĿơ
һУǺľַһǧ˰޵ʵ
ֻһ֮
ΪɫбϾֻǵ׶ΣĿռԶռؾһо͹ˣǼʱһж޷ײףٶҲá
֮Ԫأ֮Ԫأһľڸ߼ռ⡮ռ£ֱһŭݵײס
ǿ
䣡
ֻ쵶һСһɵΪϴеĵУǵУַĵںϵĲײ࣬ϾҲںˡ

ײ˻Уͨ׵˫ͫһֲſʱܽɷȻѿת飬ǻһɫƣֱǰ
ʲô
һγԾģַ塣
û뵽ײ׾еܽɷķ̵׵磬ײƺһˣֻˣʵδ̫ࡣ
ʱײ׵ɫѾޱŤ
˭
Դ65λĳǿߣ
¾һһ£һδɵˣڶͽǰȥʲô棡
ײЪ˹ؿһͷ˵Զޡ
ֲɢʹƬ
ŭˣ
ַ壡ײҧһ˿Ѫ⣬ɱֹסð罫ɡɢ׵磬ܽɷɢ۰ٴصϡ
ƣǿʢ㡣

;ĩ·
ַ壬һ֮
׼ȷ˵ǸղѾþ100%ٹҲܳղһΪɫпռĲࡣ
ŴδľǼǿߣʵĲɼ
֣ĺǿ
ַûзѻʯں
ΪߣҪվ
ַûӣײӲߣǽɫ۰׿ԽԼܵ˲ᷢ𹥻Լɱ
Ϊͬóǿߣһַ
ңֺֹܻܿһŵơ
һĶࡣ
壬ޱȿ顣
ִַ˫ǰɽľÿ侲һ״̬·صѪɱʱڷ˶һ֮޾񽫵Ǹ˲䡣
֪ɵУȴ޾⡣
ǿߣ
սѪϴġ
ʵһδѪĽгɳġ
޾ѹɲǣһѹȣһͣû꣬ûַġ
ÿһɲǣˮε䣬״̬£һֱ赲ַ壬ԺģıǱøַ·Ǵɼٽߡ
һץס
˺ϣַоһ̣˺ѿ
סԼһǧ˰һǰһ޾ͨеĵ;ڴ˿ȫ˷֮Уֻ˵
ƿԼС

ִַ˫ڶȻ仯оȻͬ
ͬսͬĵڴ˿ַϱȻͬĵĸı䣬״ַ̬Ҫһ
֮ͨ
~~
ʴ޵ڶƿ޾֮
ͣ
ħħַѪһѪĹâڵ֣·ħħƣַϵħƽӦ
Ȼ෴ͣ
ԶԶĳ˺ɫеѿơ
ͷ·ͯ뿪ĸ׵ĻԼĵ·һɲַ峺Ȼеȫӭж⡣
ȫ£֮ƺͰ֮ħۡ
໥ͺƶֵܣ˭ҲϷ䣬ھбøǿ
ʱ
𣡡ײױУ֮۶Ť˫ּ޵ػӶ׿Խɢ׵磬ǻһƬ׵
磬׹⣬ܼȸղŨʮֹ
ַײױŭѣʩչԼǿĹ
ķŭҪѪϴӣ
ȥɣײ׷ľ֮һ׿ԽǱ100%սǵص׵ַܿܡ
龫طҲֻһ
׵磬ɱ
ײףóķʽǿַسַ塣
ַ嶯ˡ



1863 
δ£սַӲ
һǿǲη̤սһͷֻӮӮⳡս
£ԷʵԶ
ಣ
ַһıǺײͬһ˲䣬ĺ׼ȫ飬ָǱϣ˵ա
˵ײ׵ǿͨĹַҲס
ԣֻн
еҲҪײشˮսַ󣬿״̬˵սɱⶼ۷塣
һû·ս
·ʤײףַս㣬ʤĸǿ
ħմѪַʱޱȣϵħȴޱͬ׶εĹ֮

ħȻкܴãЧȴӹɵģȫ׿ԽֻڶƵʴ޵Ҫǿöࡣ
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ȫƾ־ǿš
ԡѪѾһȫ鿪ţ鵽ţǶѿַƲҲ̶á
ȻӮˡ
һʹʤҲʤ



1864 ж
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ٻūͣڴԼ
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أԴһƬײѪ£ֱӻȥΧ¶һǿ߶ȻȻ绯ʯ
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·㸩ǣشʦײ׵ʵҪɱǡ
ֱ練ơ
ʦһСӵĶӳԪһӦʱ䣬ײͽæȥײףǿַŶҲҶ֣ͷϺЩë
ǰ࣬ǵĸоֲ̫
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ڡӮˡַײͽܵȥûȥ׷ɱ˵ЩͽܣǰūͣԼҲ޷ٻɱһ
ȻӮⳡսԼĴҲǲС
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1865 ټˣ
ಣ
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ʱͲٶˡ
̤޹ϣַ̧ͷһ㱡Ϸһֻ֮עַһЦؿڣĴָ
Լ֪ܿ

ֻҪ뿪磬Լûа취
ٶ뿪ַҧأɫҰѿ˼عʵָ˵Ԫײһսʵᡣ
˵ָʮսҪָսҪһʱ䡣
ԼҪսֻҪά޹ٶȣٶ뿪С
ģպ˵

壬֮
޴Ϻɫ֮ڵ룬һռ䲨֮һɮ÷ǿߡ
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Ŀɨھǿߣ̾һŭˡ
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ھǿ޲ɴ۾
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˫ֺʮɫȻײ˰ַܱݡ
~~
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Ҳ׶ɫ䣬׹⣬ȻҪϺܴΣΪԭץַ񣬾ײ
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뵽
ײףˣ׶ɫ䣬羪ŭˡ
ʱ䲻ַ࣬Թټۣ׼뿪磬ǡΪ֮Ŀɨھǿߣɫƽ˫ֺʮ漴Ϻɫ֮ۡ
~~
Ϻɫ֮۹رա
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ַ弲֮УɫȻ
ȫܸо׷ǰҲǿ׼½ԼԼԼݺһ
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ܿ죬Լ㽫뿪
ڣһսû򣬲ǰڴȴвǿ߻㼯ȻҲ֪ԼҪ뿪
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ҵǿ֮ĩˡַδԭһɵʵеġ
ո֮ͨ
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1866 
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޷ʹýۣ޷ȷԼλã˵ൽˣҪ˺Լλãѡ
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1867 ô᲻ϵã
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ղŸоϢҾ͹ˡַЦõ۳漴Ŀɨǿߣòص˵ͷ
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ǡһԵĿߡϡҲǴл˻һɲǼַսףİ֮Ϣͫɵñȵ
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䣡
ǿԴȫһըëȻ
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1868 ̫ϧ
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ֻһ塣
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ײף
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ַ˼ţǱǿȻһƬַĿž𣬳羴ţǵʦеĶǿҲҺǿһһ
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õ۳תͷĿһɣܺ;ǿ߶սѾǳǳˣ˵бҲȥԣ
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Сֵ㣬㡭ʱ䣬ַбޱȸߴǿбѾǿ󣬵ʵܶǿ߿űҲ
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ǰСӼֱǹܺ;ǿӲѶִȥ̫ˡһ¶ɫ˵Ҫŭô֪
һʵΣ϶ϹϾġ
ղģò˶ãԴ޶֪һ
࿡ֱȥıӰֱʧǳ̾һ
ղֻЩʳԴ
һȫǾ꣬ûк;ǿֵ߽սҲǵģʼգԷϢӦ
ʵĲ࣬ө֮
˱ˣ˰࿡̾ϢҡҡͷĿɨֵܣЦİɣһڴĹȥ
ϧˣҪܽʶһ¾ͺˡ
࿡ЩڣȴһͷȣЩ£̬Ҫºһͺˣ
Ҫܽύһǿߣ׬ˣ
̫ϧ࿡̾Ϣѡ



1869 ʳ
ǡ
ԭ׳ǣǵȴǳ֮ϣʳǡַ̤Ƭ޴ޱȵĻʳǣ̾ѡ
û뵽ַҲ֪õ۳Цǿˡ
ֵַ֪ܲҲϾǳȺʮ˶Ⱥǰ˴֮һЦǺǵʳԴȻ㲻ʲôܣ99%߶֪
ַͷ
֮ǰԼѾ֣Ϊ׳ǣĳǳؾѾԴĳǳأϾ壬嶼ֻʮ˶ȺǿҲֻаǿߡ
ԭЩǳ֮ϣصĻʳǴڡ
ʳǷֱǣǺֻسǣǰ˴ĴӪפڡ
΢¥һӵǿһӵǿ赺ϣ޵Уʳֻʵлʳ֮סϲ
ַ¶ʵʵһѡ
ַͶãţӮϵĺøУʶ࿡򵼡
Ҫ֪ԴҲһͷ֮ͨǡ
ƢŹ֣飬ȴ𽵹ضһүү㣬˼̾Ϊֹ̾
ԣɼǣͷģַʵ
ӻʳǵֱɹԱһ
ϵͷֻسɴ̡߾ֻǼʤһ۲ѷɫһȡ
ַš
ΪӵСԵʡ
Լ֪˴ۺڴϯıǲ߶ɧߡ
սֻسսǰĴ̣ε߾ֻأǱȼǸǿ
Ȼսǰļǰ˴йʵġ

ǽֻ΢¥ʳսֻسǣ൱ַа
ӻʳǱȽϣɼ˴ʵǿ
һ·ǻǱȽֵģϸͥУӵƷĿĿϾӡ
ַ֡循̾
ȷʵƽʱࡣ׵ǳеľ¥ùݲ඼סˡ
ַ
ַ֪Ǽÿһʱ䶼һʳǸȤõ۳ɫתţЦտ
ַ˲׹
õ۳Ц¶СУַһ¾Ͳµ
ַһЦ
зݽļǣԻҪ˵ڡǡ֮С
˵ÿһԪŻһÿһټԪŻһδǧȴ⣬ÿͻһϵ
ַ֮һ֮ŵԿף
ϵͷԣһΣǧѾĳʮŰԿס
ôַࣿ
Ľжడַ硣õ۳촽ÿһҶһԿף˵ʮŰѣ˰پʮѶĳȥ
Ҳǡ
Ͼǰǿߣǧˡ
ǿߣʮ֮֮࣬ŵԿٶֵ࣬ġ
Կ׵۶٣ַʵԼֻ֪һԿĳ10ڿվۣ֮Ͳˡ
ڰʮŰԿףɽ11ڿվϵ
ַûˣ
ϵԵһ֮ŵԿĳ10ڿվ󣬲ά꣬Ȼ۸ʼµ65000վĵҲǻˡ
ȵף֮ͿʼֱԽԽߡ
ŵߣ۸񻹻
ַ˼
Լ֮ǰԤƵЩƫ
Ϊտ쿪ԭôַʵ
ϵͳƣÿһյĿһٰҵԿףٵʱʮҲУʱٰѶС
Խӽһٰѣ۸ܻԽߡ
ַס
ϡΪԿ׿ûˣ۸ȻԽԽߡ
һʲôʱ򣿡ַʵ
ֵַܶԿҲȤϲԿף²Ǹʱ򡣡
ַ΢Цʱ
õ۳ַ㲻ǰԿʦô
ַЦһʱһʱҲһҪ򣬿˵ԼǣΪ֮ŵԿ׶¡
һԿףҲҪ¡
10ڿվ11ڿվ۸ٸߵ㣬ַ嶼ں
ڵǮ
һ·ţ˺ܿ촩ϢĽֵһƬӴפظǳǰɭϣٲȻǳ֮ǣкȻ񹤵Ľɫ̡

ǵˣֵַܡ΢Ц



1870 ʦ
ڰ˴ĩʵ
һЩǿߣǿʮ˶ȺеľӢɵˣֻƶɢһЩǿ߲٣֮ࡣ
ңΪǣŸ󶥼ȺʶĲҲʮֿԣ
ǰĸǳ׳ۣǷǷ
ϡϣϣ
ϴ·ַƽأ֮ûа谭һǿ߼˻شкǹףЩվȹȥŸ߶
Ϊǿߣҵ¸أ֮л൱ݺ͵λ𾴡
Ϸĸֵַۡʱ䲻ʲôҪæģϷλӭָǰһ󵶽ͨȫڵľ޴󹬵ۡ˵
õġַ΢ЦӦ֮ĿǾ޴󹬵ۡͣһ
ĽԼ֮Ѽ࣬ǰǿߵı䣬ۡΧ߲٣ҲǼΪ˸ʤ
Ȼеλء
ʵҲ
ڰǿУƵϲΡ
ǿеĺɣǿߵĸۡҪѷɫһ㣬ҲǾΨ
Сˮ罭ϸ¥ĽŶˣݷͳԡ
𹬵ۡ˵ׯϣ˵⣬ʺ
ҲǲĿַ޵
õ۳ȻһЦִ˵ûʵкܶǿߴǺ󣬶δۡϲůĻ
ǣҲỻۡ
ַЦЦ
ЩǿϲλȨЩǿֻ׷ʵ
򣬸ãν̡
ͻƾǿߵĿԼΪ㣬Բ׷翵ʵõ۳ᣬ츳ˣ׷ȻǸǿʵ
һţһǰС
ܿ죬ӡĸۡڡ
ֵַܣϷ͵ˣʱĻһϷڸо϶ַȳţϣύ
ܽǴһԴϵʲôϣһǿҪһͼˣȵǼ
ַʵ͸˿
Ѿܿ£Ҫַ֪Ǳߣ̫ᣡ
õģǰַ΢Цͷ漴ϷֱǰصԲżֺ;͵ַ壬ȴе
̸ܺЦƽƽôҲͨˡ
ң۸ڶСõ۳ߣͺһֻ˳è䣬̾Ϊֹ
Ҫ֪õ۳׷߲ɫ
˵˭ص̲סʵ
˭֪϶ĳĽӰ˰ɣôɣҪ͹һַõ۳ıӰС
ûõ۳С۾ôӨ˸Ľ֮ɫҸҴͷԲСһδõ۳Сģأҵ˰
ͷ̥ûʸõ۳Сô
ڿص۷׷ף²ַ
õ۳ӵͽܣӵĸۡ룬˲УһĳȵһƬﻨĻ԰ǰչ֮ء
ۡ󣬵չ֮һĵġ
ʦ֡õ۳к
ǰһ۱̷ӣɫ㣬ͦΣõ۳΢΢˵ͷĿⶸһַϣ´λǣ
ַ塣ַ΢Цк
õ۳΢΢֣ʦôʦô
۱̷ӡ桯ĿǰʦʦһЩ¡
ޡõ۳죬ЩʧĿַһǸ⣺ʦӦ֯һЩ飬Ҫһ
һǶãַʵ
۱̷ӡ桯ܼСʱҲܼ죬ʮҲһ
Щáַ岻˷̫ʱ
մԼкܶҪֻһҲ̫ʱ䡣
ǰҪмǰ̬ȣڵСһߡ濴ַһۣһʲôССôûԡ
ǵģʦ֡õ۳͡
ַһЦʦҵʦ
Լֻһ֮ԵûʲôϵҪ˵ǷԼһ顣ԴΪ𣬺һǰǾأʲô
㣡汻ǺʱǺЩŭ⡣
ַԲںĸܣʱ˫ͫһǼǿϢɢȥһǿҵѹȸУٲȻΪ
ৣ
ɫٱѿ
Щ٣ȴû뵽ò۵꣬ʵǿöࡣ



1871 η
Ƶݣܱ˸־֮㼯ʹƬˣɾһ㣬Ӹۡĺڡ
ʱƵУһƳ̸
ʦҲͷպЩǮӽռָϣǺЦ25000վȫҵˣʦӦ֪磬һס
ȻһЦ¿ռָ֪ܲĸԣȫҶЩͽܣ˵ʮڣͽܿ
Цô˵ڳϣ˱شڳϡ
ӵͷ˵ʦ֣ǰӲ˵ҪʣµĻСôôеʣ
΢΢ף˵ʦԷֻһ25000վû£Ҳܽ㡣
һ㶣ͶҪôɵ˶У
ӺЦɵɵҲ֪ǺǸ֮ġ
ӹЦʦĪֶͽͷ
ҲҲӷƷƣ⺢ӳţһܴ˵ˣʦҪǮôĪȥգ
ҡͷʦˣС
һԴǺЦԣϴտʦȥȻԿס
Ʊһʦ֣дܣֻʵﵽǿ߷ܴϴһԵһٿǿߣջ׿Խʼ޷Ķ
һΣҲٴ
˼׵ʦԽƿﵽǣ
ɫ㣬ҸѴﵽ۷壬Ψ겻ǿ޷ʹɱ䣬ﵽ߲Ρ
ӵʦʱûεı
ûӵͷ
౦ＫΪϡϡֹüͷ΢΢һء
ر
εȺС
ǿʵعʵıֱǷëǣΪǺϸ΢ĴڣҪء
Դ޳99%߶֮꣬һʮǳ
Ϊ׷磬ʦܣʵԭȷӣգûԵ֮һ·ͻͽǰ۷壬ʵȫӡ
Ϻŵĳǿߡ
Ҫô׷絹ҲǺ⣺νգʹȻͻҲ˵һ
ӾٱǾףʦܺˡ
׷Ҳ΢Цٱ
ڴʱһӴϢٿعݶӴƣʱӺͰ׷ǿɫ΢΢һ䣬ӣ޲¶֮ɫ
ǿϢ
۷壿
һǾ֮ͨǿߡ
İϢ
ȥ

Ƶ⡣
õ۳ؿַ壬ЩȻǡʦ֡棬ɫ۾ȻԭδδɵСӷ¡
ȫ𾪣
ɢϢֲ̫
ǰǿߣĴҲ֮ȻһҴ󴬳ںϡ
Ǿǰ۷ȷ
ǰ꣡
ܡ澪߽Ȼ
ڴʱһǿ紵һһӰٿȻ֣һ׷ͯգɷǣһǿ׳л
ʦʦ壡õ۳ˣ
ӺͰ׷硣
Ŀַϣ׷羫ƵĻĿעӣżֺ棬Դްǿ߼99%ȴǰȴ
෴ӷ̹ȻһЦ۾Ц͡
ҵ˭ԭСֵ㡣ӷЦݲѣղĿ࿴Сֵ֮ܽ٣̾Ϊֹ
к𾪡
һμʱַֻһǿߣϢѲ֮¡
ηӸ̾
ǰˡַ΢Ц񣺡ͻǰ
СֵءЦϷдܲǣСֵܴݹ٣Ϸӭأ
˻ףٲȻͬˣõ۳ַ԰Ľ
ɫʵЩѿȴǸոջ˼ң뵽ò˵꣬ʦҪͿġ
ʲô
ʦ֣һô׷ǰһЦشַ塣
λ֮ǰģеǸСֵˡ˵
磡
׷ͫһʱȻСֵܹȻӢ۲
ǰַ幧
׷һЦôհ磬ϼһʦܡ
ǰַ΢΢һЦ
ʲôϼһһۣҺôʦǡҡͷַ壺ʦܰЦСֵܼЦˡ
롣
ַ΢Цͷ˽롣



1872 ׿Խ
ƵУ硣
ӼǺÿͣд
ǰˡַ
ʲôСһ׮ҺʦأʲôŲŵģСֵңҸ˻֡Цַһơ
ڸִżŴװľζ⡣
һ͸ȫΪůַͣ岻һǺ档
ƿʦƵġůŴԷơƷŴףعʵԷأã򲻵׷Ц
ѹֺУйůůַȻƷһڣޡ
׷һַ壺СֵǰʳԷô
ûСַ
׷Ǿˣ˵κ⡮ůŴԷơƤЩ죬̼ѪҺʣǰʳԷӦЩòǡ
ҵɡַһЦ
ԼҲԭعʵãԼѾʳ̫࣬ȻȻһЧ
ӷףʸ죬ůŴԷƲǶ߶Ч
һЦַ壺СֵܰȻشлˣѶ֪ܿģİΣһֱĵĺܡ
ֵַܿǱչˣ
ӵͷտڼͽϣѵ״̬ʵС
׷شַ壬ʦֵƺΪ׷޴ʦֿˡ
ַЦ޿ȷʵ׷Ǳòײӳ
ӺͰ׷Ȼ
Ҳû⣬类׷ĺַֹһ˭ˣ˭˳۾һ·׷ס
ܴ׷ɱѶҲ˵ˡ
ӺͰ׷粢֪ǣַ岢ǴͨǿѣǡӾǿѡ
Ѷȣȫ֮
̸ӺͰ׷綼Ǿḻ񣬸Ľʶַ壬ַҲֵý֮ϾжӸλʵס
һĺ󣬱ȫϤˣ
Сֵܴǰ²ֻǵɣӺǺЦ
ַͷǰҴ˴ǰȷ¡֮ǰǰǰʦһ׿ԽҪﻻ֪Ƿ񣿡
ףԵİ׷ʱ۾һ
ϸ΢ı仯ӵùַ˫ϲ׷磺òôɣǰǼ׿Խӵ߰ɣ
׷һɨһӣʦֵյȷҹҡ
ַ΢΢һЦ
Ȼ׷Ĭˡ
֪ǰ׿Խɷȡһַۣ
׷΢΢ЩԥϾʶַ岻ãʦӵͷʾ⣬ҲģͷϾǣûʲôüɵ
οʵַǿöࡣ
~~
һɫ貹ٿȻ֣һźɫħͷ­۰Ĵڣڰ׷Ե÷㣬ȸСȫɫħͷ­ӿֳĿֲܱߵ·޾ڰ֮С
ϵַ֮һϲ
ԼУΪ׿Խ
׿ԽԼ֪ͲܺУԴÿһ׿Խ޼֮
ΨǰһΣ
һʦӵһ׿ԽƢִֵúܣҪﻻ
ζʲô
׿ԽͰǰϡ
ǰϵû׷类ַȵҲǿЩĳΪһ׿ԽֵıȱȽǣʦڳɲѱó
ϾԵ
ַ壬ȴһһ¡
ַоһţǸʧ̬ˡ
ӺǺЦַһƣ˵Сֵ㣬࣬һ׿ԽҲͷȡ
׿Խ˭Ҫ
ǿܽǿߵʵӵ쾡µĳ
ǿ߼ˣΪ֮
֪ǰǷԸַʵ
׷ʱɫħ׿ԽֵӦÿˣҲϣһǾ仰ֵõȼ۵׿ԽһȻû⡣
ģǸˡ׷
һ仰ٽַ뷨
ַ˵õİ취ȻǮþϾ࣬׿ԽȷУ
ԼҲõõ
ѵҪĦԦȥַЩɣĦԦԼǺܴģԦːֱӽԼĸӦһΡ
գд;
ߣԼԸ⣬ǰҲһԸ⻻ΪĦԦǼ׿Խûʲôͬ԰ǰ˵ͬߡ
ַͷˡ


1873 ô
ǰ治Ҫվ;ַ岻ĵʵ
׷ҡҡͷ¶һĨȻЦݣȴǶ⽻ԭûϣǿó׿ԽԴ޶޼˵һСһˡ
̨ӲʦǿҲڸһ׿Խôݳޡ
10ڿվ
20ڿվ
30ڿվ
ַ岻ϵر۸һԵǳ鶯ɴ۾ַ塣
ʲôЦ
һСһôǮ
ǰ׷ҲЩŵһھ10ڿվֲ̫
Ҫ֪ųɵİǿ߱Ҳû10ڿվ
£һСһﾹܱ30ڿվļ۸
50ڿվַһαļ۸񣬲ûӺͰ׷¡
Ǯ򰡣ȫǮң
ֵܿ˲¶ࡣ׷ЦƱһ۸񺰵ֱ˵ʵҪǰǰҿܻˡ
СֵӦ֪ʵǿ߻϶ȱǮˡ
ַͷ
ǿ߿ɰȻʮգҪ׬ǮֻҪʱɣһҲ˷ʱ棬Ͼÿǿ߶Ϊǿߡ
һ㣬ͰǿҪƿΪǿһġ
ʺϵıǮ򲻵ġ׷̾ҲСˣνĻᣬ˵ʵ50ڿվҲ֪ôôá
СֵʺҵıеۣʶһһҲͻˡ
ǮĲС
ַװǰ˼
ҪǱʵı
ǮԼ׬
ˡֱԣǰܻó׿ԽͻˣҲڵȵڡַԴ׿Խǳϡ٣еҲǱ䡣
ǰ뻻һԼãԷҲõ׿Խĺѡ
ǰԣʱѾ࣬˴μգǰͻƵѻᡣ
ַףȰ˵Ű׷硣
óǰ뽫׿Խȥģκλۣ˻Ϊѡ
ʱ׷ɫȻһԲȴҲַ֪˵ʵ
׿ԽѾ˺ܾá
Сֵ֮ǰô뵽ʲôٿһʵ
ַͷ
Сֵ֮ǰɱ˺ܶǿߣֱַ۾Сֵܷģûа⡣
ַͷ
һԵİ׷𾪲ѣôɱģÿʱᷢǰʵɱǣѱȵ졣
ʼ磺ҾͲʦֵַܲܡ
׷Ŀַͷȷд¡
δ˵Ͼû͵ıҪ
ǰʣƺЩߡ
ģСֵۣ֮ܿ׷¶֮ɫʵ
ۣ֮
ַ΢΢һΪǰ¶
Լ֮۵̶Ⱥ¶ʮǧﲻֹ
Сַͷ
ж٣Ǽۣ֮׷ǺͺƺƵģʮּȡ
ַЩףֱӰ׷磬һЦǼС׷羪飬ַйâһʱһֻ֮ۺһֻ֮ۡ
ַ
У~
׷絹һ
ҵ죡
ۣ֮
һǰۣ֮
Ҫ֪ǿ߶û취õĳԴޣ֮ۼڣ˵ˣ屾ϡ٣ҷǳŽᣬȴдڡ
Ҫۣ֮ѱȵ졣
ʶ֪֮Чǿ֮١
СֵܿԸֻ֮ңǮԣ׷
ţַ΢һЦ
׷ʱһ죬ȴǸղ˼ҪǮϣڷˮתֵˡ
һʱЩݡ
ô󣿡ַش֮ۡ
ԭԼΪȡ¿֮ۼֵ൱ĸߣ
֪̲֮ؼ¾βߣ־ͻƵ߶ԣǾѱӵ
ȻԱ壬кܴΣԣ覲褡
걦ϡȱ£ǻǰǿҪף궼Ʋȥһͨ
ַͷ״š
츳
츳ߣȴʵɱһǽ뽫ǽƵܼǰ
֮ǿԼǿ֮ͻɱ䣬ͬȺɶкܴΣգ˵ࡣ
ӰǰԿں
ԸⳢԣ
ʵϣÿ־ͻɱߣںΣա
ңҲ᳢ԡַк
һԲ˼İǰַϾƱһڣüëǵȱƺ˵
ڣ̸һ̸ô



1874 ˫Ӯ
׷ЦҲҡͷ
ַ徫һֱߣ̸е˻
ֵܡ׷ĴָЦ֮ۼΪ󣬵ֵӦ֪ʦԣ֮кܴΣԡ
šַ嵭Ȼͷ·żˡ
ԼҪҪ׿ԽûϵǰͲˡ
£Լץһݡ
ңһֻ֮ۺһֻۣ֮Ҳһͻơ׷ֵַȻУΪ׷һ̾
֪Լǡ·硯ˡ
ǰ꣬Ͳ󣬴ȴ൱һ۱Ѱ
ðɣ˲˵ǡżɽɡ׷Σֱӵһֻۣ֮һֻۣ֮׿Խļֵ
ǰҪ٣ַЦ
ж٣׷ֱַ塣
ַһ漴ȡʮֻ֮۷ϣȫˡ
ӿ˿ַ壬δԡ
֮ǰַһսַɱһǿߣЩջ񣬵ɲЩַȫҵ
ûҪ˵ơ
⡭׷ݾᡣ
Щ֮ۼֵ൱׿Խ֮һ
»ҲǣҲǣɾûǸˣѾ̫á
ǰƻ϶֮Ϊ˼ҸȱǮ
50ڿվõó֣
ʵǰòôᣬЩ֮۹ͻôַʵ
Լʵõ
ǹˣ׷ֹ
ͺˣַЦЦ漴ȡһѾУʱ֣ܱһƬɶɷǷ
ʣĲۣʹӾв
ˣǰ⣿
ַŰ׷硣
仯֪ʽʮ֮˾ܳˡ֮ۿ԰ǰͻɱ䣬ϵľҲս
Ǽϵ׿ԽȴʲôҲûС
ԼǰǰҲѡס
ʵԼѾóһϣò˶ʱ䣬ǰҲܻͬ⡣еûٵζ㽻׳ɹ˴˹ϵҲЩңûҪ
һδľǿߣʧǮʲô
Լϵľǡ
һر⣬ԼνǺݺһѴġ
Ȼ׷ԥһС漴ҧҧӮˣֵܡ
˫ӮǰַһЦա
졣

ɡ
׷ҲǺռС֮ˣȥ֮⣬ֻѡϾǰ˵ƤüҲν
ȡ衣
׷õ֮ۺ̱ȥظۡ
ᣬѾ̫̫á
£ϣͻƣ
۷壬ΪվԴ޶˵ˣ
ϲСֵܡЦе
лǰߡַӸлǰ԰¶ûô˳ãȡ裬˫Ӯ
֮¡ӷЦʦܵҲã۶ǶСֵ㣬ʽ׶ǳ㣬ߡɻǷСֵһ֡
ҶǵˡַЦ
ӶЦԺá
˵ַһѣаһףСС;Ϊɾ;ǿߣֻʱѡ
һĺַӵĸۡס
ϾԼز죬ҪҵطסտţǺ¡
ڼǻһʢᣬʱһ֮ŵԿףʹ󹦸ˡ
Ҳûַ壬ΪַǿҪһܵ£Ҳ˵ĴԼˣҪһͼˡ
˴Ȼ˵¡
ӲĿɽʦָȵȡ
ַ嶼Ҫ
ˣҪʲô
ǿ٣ҲиƩԴеĳȻڡ࡯Ұף޶ԴĴ˵ȴδˡ
Сֵ·Ըι±ɣҪ£ֱƵࡣдַ塣
õǰˡַ
ԼˣÿСֵܾⰲססöСЦ۾ȴǷԷθ
ַһЦͷ
ӣַ漴ڿĹһȦǽûʣ൱ǿһռ֮󣬽ƬȫΡ
԰ĵ
꣬Ȱ׿Խˡֹ׷ȲַҲȲ
׿Խжǿһ
һԼսһΣ



1875 Ħz
ણ~
Ѫ䣬ʶ
һħǿϢʱַۣǰĶħͷ­þ޴һ˫ɫͫ޶
ϣ߿߷
ǿĺڰΧû
ַоԼһõĺڰռ䣬Χһжڱ󡣲ԼС޾ĺڰɣǰϷŴ
̣~
ռ鿪ַ̤ڵء
һҾ޴ڵľۣƮںڰ֮УҡΣÿһҡζᷢһǺз
ǰˣĶħ֮һ˫ɫͫ˵Ƶģ籩
վ⣬ܸо޾ĺڰһС
׿ԽĦzַۡ
ɲǼ䣬޾ѶϢӿԺ嶸Ȼ󣬽Ħz۽СΧڰͿռգɢַ۾ⶸȻһơ
ħͷ­֮ʧģȫܸо
ʩչֶξģַϸƷζѶϢ΢΢¶һϲɫ
ֵ
׿ԽԼ
£Ϊá
ӵкڰ֮пռƣһ൱ȫ档ַǳ⣬Ħz۹ÿǿ
ÿȾǿ
׿Խ
ʱ䲻࣬һɡַк
׿ԽǿѶͬʮֿ̣ԼʮʱҪڶʱȫҲǾ;ء
ƣԼĿǰǷȱľǷ
вɣΪû㹻ǿķ׶飬ڹͿƣԼȱһǽһҲӰʵ
ȴֱԼս
£Լķ˵ȫա
ৣ~
ʮʱַ֣漴У겻ǿ߶ԣʱʱȼʧңַ岻ᡣ
꣬ǿ
ԴʯԴʯϱ쐻޵Ϊַʵ̹;һƬ׷᫿ء
Ħz۵ķ׼ȷ˵һֱԡ
ķ
zַ尵ૣĦzУΪۣΪˣ绯ΪĦzֹۣӵĦzǿͬԼԦĦzۡ
ĦzۣһҷɴҪκܴﵽߵĹ١
Ϊ̲ذ֮
֮֮ٶ
ɡz﹥֮ĦzֶֹΣһĦzۿײƴֲͣ
ơzްһҪzֱӾͿ
ȷ͹ƶߵҪ󷴶ߣҲʶַʱ
;
ʱգĦz۵ķҵıһΡ
ַԹĿ
գԵǾǼǿߣԲٳԿйַ֪̽Ѱһؾ֮ʲôҪ

Ҫ㣬ס
磬ӵ޹󣬴ﵽٷٶȣô̹ƣܰѹ
ֲͬ
ǿߣмٶȱ
˵һͨռ֮пνƽأ̫ࡣ
ãzҪ֮ﵽԲ
ħ֮ﵽĦzУΪĦzۣγɹϡ
ַۣһ
Ƽ򵥣ʵһҲף˵ħ֮ﵽͿﵽԲȻ°빦ԼҪ˷谭
ȣҪĺͻ겻ɡ
ΣҪΪۡĦz۵Ĵڡ
ҪϹ
衣
ÿһصԶ
һȴӵһʼַʶ漴С

ǣԽԽ֡
һһȥĴԽԽһֵ˳ӿȺȫῪǰͬҲ˼ǵľ÷١
֪λԿף
ѲҪҪǼ۸ҿֵô¸ߡ
߰ڰʮŰԿףѾɽ11ڿվٸ߾Ͳˣ˭𰡣
νɾӣݷ֮ŵԿ׼۸һ䣬һ˵ǵһٰѣ׼ȷ˵93-96֮䣬һ߷塣
ǣ˵Ǳ߲ѾԽԽǿңʮ꣬꣬Ὺ
ǰȵտԿ׾ˡ
׷ף˵硡
ЩǲŵķЩȴ£ټ䣬̵ŴգǲĹü
վÿһδᣬϣĵߵļǮ
ʱ䣬գۼš


1876 
ʮʱڡ
ַ꣬ǹȥʮ꣬ˣ׿ԽĦz۵ںǷȱһ޷ȫϡ
žϣ
ַһһĨɫâ
ʱ䣬Χֳһɫħۣ֮ĦzӰŨİħϢ⣬ĦzӰɼǿͷȴڡ
ৣ~
Ħz۵Ӱһţַ峤һ
ڶɣٳδַܲģֻǿĦzγɷz
һ롣
ˣҲȺ׵ķҪǿ
ַ廹ǱȽġ
ĦzΪ׿ԽȻδϰȫѾԶԶķϰãȫķ°ǿ߼Ĺӡ
ϧҵİħֻ֮ǽԲԲԲ˹ؼһ
ǴԲ磬Ϲˡ
飬ǰħ֮ıħءħ¾ǿߣħϵıˣνĹϸǡ͡ϵ
㹻ǿİħ繻ߣƿĦzۣ
£ַǷȱһ㡣
Ҳֻˣǿǿķ֮һɡַվĦzۣ޷ﵽԤڣѾܲ
ĦzԼƿУܷӳȾǿ
zδϰãҲǿ
ȻҲۿۡ
ԲʱܴﵽԲַૣڴԼԲĴ̫࣬ԲĴȴһûС
һǿߣ붼һﵽԲ
ⷽ棬Լࡣ
Ӧÿ쿪ʼȥһ֮ŵԿסַֽţ漴뿪ʱ֮

£
ҪμӴᣬҪ׼£һǡ볡ʸ񡯣ǡʲ֤ǰ߹غλԼڴ᳡еλá
ߣغܱټ۸񣬱˹мۡ
鷳ˣι¡ַӹιµһɫѫ£ǡ볡ʸ񡯣ĸ𡪡
Ϊͭѫ¡
мΪѫ¡
߼Ϊɫѫ¡
Ϊѫ¡
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һѹ׵ЩĹ˿ĵá
ߣλߣͬǮࡣ
һַӵеĽɫѫ£ڸ߼ˣᣬͬвݵλԱǿ߼ǱϹϾ˭Ҳҵ֡
һӵнɫѫµĻǴĺᣬһЩǿߵĶпͣͬ
ϾǲᣬǴһݣҲܱͨ⡣
֮ͣˡι¸׹ȻҲƣǰӢܿүǧһúдĹͣԲҵ֡
ԭΪĹͺź򣬵û뵽ʲô¶ûУֻҪһ¡
ڼǣι»һݺͻȨģԼ壬һɫѫҲ׾١
ͣʲ֤豾ǰȥ֤ιµ
סַͷ
ľѫ£Ҫʲ֤καﶼֱӲɫѫҪ֤Ȼı޷ĵġ
ι£ַ뿪ӵĸۡ
£ԼҪȶһһվǶֳ࣬ɵǮȴ٣һֽǮһֽܲȥɡ
죬ȥһ󣬶һվַͷ

ǵԱͨǳعģ󣬸ʮľ޴ռŷش棬ٲȻһ֮ơ
ٽᣬ˳ӿһѫ£֤ʲǿʤνǴų
ͬΪͺƲҪǮƵģر󴦴ǡǿߣǿ߶С
壬¶Ѽ뼫ǣӿ
ʱУһ꣬ͷ˿澱ףһʵؼѵĳۣ΢°ͣһ˫͸ͫɨܱ߱ɫЩȻȤ
ԣΧһڡ
ʵǿߣʵǿΪ۷壬ħǿߺһߡ
ǵûʲôͬͨͨΣȫں󣬿εɫȻԴʧ֮ɫ
ǺǡһЦҷ䡣
Χвѡĸˣ޲ľ²ֹΪĻΪǱϹϾдӣĴܹܡǮ



1877 
ʲôͷǮܹ˱ϥ
϶ͷСǮֹܹܲλȨأǰǿߣڼ˭˲һӣ¾Ȼͷź꣬
ϴξǿߵҲûǮܹʢضԴ̫ˡ
۷׷ף˽ﲻͣ
ǮܹܺεȵλڼҲһУǿߣҲڡϥزȷʵ˾̾ѡ
Ļǰ΢¥ı־
ǿǿ϶ܳ۷ӣ̫ݳˡ
԰ңҪһǿʦ˷ˡ
޲Ľʺޡ
ͷųģȻͨˣϾ걾ҲǰǿߣĿɽ΢¥Դ޿¶׹Ĵ
ĴһԴ޶
Ĺĸ۽缫ߣȻ١Ǯվڰ󣬵ıϥӡ
ʳʵǿ΢¥赺ϣν֮ϡ
ǮԣԸȻǻعǣϾһܲһǷֲ͵λԶԶͬ¼ͬǻʳǣϾԼҵ̣һȡ
ҪءܲҪôзǳͻҵ˶Ŀһ
Ҫôһа˵
ǰİȻȨλߣ⣬Ŀɽȴǲ˵ĴǸ￪˿ڣǮٷְܵǣܲ
ֿԺСС
еһԣܱûá
ڴʱ
ԶһӼҴҶǮ˽Ｘ䣬ʱǮһɣ¶֮ɫ΢΢ı͵ͦ˫ͫЩ١
ĹӡǮЦݣǰһ΢΢˸Ҿ
ţһ龧Ө͸ĹŹ߽ˮĻİ꣬΢΢һĿǮܹܣһ˿ɻ
ѡֻҪǹıһɰۡǮ۾ǸһЦЩҪиˣӶ¡
Ŷͷ
лӡǮҾǸˡ
תΪһԸ棬̰꣬ĶܹܣλҲǲףٲȻһ㡣
˵˭ˣͫ΢ǿϢʱͷŶֱȡӡ۷ϢΪǿֱɫһף䡣
ֻǿߡ
ôˣϣ겻
۷ߡϡ漴һԭίǲܿˣԣԷݱҸߣ
ϵ¼Ⱥۻۣǿֲ߳⣬ֻǺ棬Դһǿߡ
ӶܹһĹӲ͵ꡣ
ʲô
ꡮĹӡϾһüͷ𣬰˼⡣
ͣԽԽס
ꡮĹӡӶܹܣ
㡣ӶָܹϷҲ
ȥϡꡮĹӡ
ǣӦ

󶥲㡣
ûκαۣһ޴Ĺٻ̻Ի͡еװζĲϣƷǽɫĵذϣ˶Ŀ
óһƷ۶ͨ
ãĴܹǮԽǮ֪ôƺǮһӭĴǰ꣬ޱȡ

ǮḻԴǿ߶룬ȴδǰꡣ
ַ֡
ԭֹӡǮЦ۾ֹһַ֣屾ǮжЩɡ
Ͼ̫
Ǯ޾ԪǮĸʶδǰ꣬ǶԷڰ˴
ɻ󣬵ǮȻְҵ΢Ц
ûһЩͨҪַۡ
Ǯ΢΢ףµͷ­¶ʧ֮ɫΪǶľۣû뵽ֻͨаܹܼȴǲ˵
ͨһ1200վ2000վʮҲѳ1ڿվ
Ǯݵλ1ڿվ»Լ档
ַĿɨǸоõǰǮܹܵ仯ȻδֳȴܲҲںйâһʱ䡪
~~
һʯ㵹ͷſ˸ͷɫʣǰֱӶѳһСɽ
ѳɵСɽ
ǮĿ࣬ȫסˡ



1878 
Դܶࡣ
Ҫ֪Դ޵ǿ࣬ǰǿǧˣǿ߸ʮ֮࣬ǿ߸Ƕţë֮
ЩɢһǿУͨľͺˡ
ĻúѣΪ޷죬ֻżг֣սк׻ٻƩַĽţǻٻ޷޸ĵز
⻹Ǿ
ᱻٻ˵ͨˡ
ģԶڲ
ʶļ۸һֱȲ֮Уֱ
տ
˵ֻһôվһƬ󺣣Ƭ޾ıѰһı洦ɼ
Դޣ90%ա
ÿһտ֮룬ʱļ۸ŻȽͣΪܻѵأö١
ڣ
ÿһĳ߼ۣÿһϡ֮䡣
Ǯŵ۾ȷԼûпǰͨѳɵСɽѾԶԶ֪Χ
֪̽Щȫǻʵͨ
Ǽܹܣ
һеԴޱǮߵķëǣܶһ۶˵;չ۸۸ͼ۸߼۸ȵȡ
šǮֱҡͷ
ǴչǿߣҲջ˵ز
ǰ꣬Щͨ
Եôܹܣַ嵭Ȼ
ãõģû⡣ǮعǵͷȻɻأҲ֪أѯʣϾ¹˽
ֹԵȣ̫࣬ҪҼʦ֡Ǯ
רŵĹʦǮԼҲǸĹʦǧͨҪһ˹æûʱ䣡
ʱΣƣʱһ۴󣬾ͻɲתѣ
ΪĴܹܣǮ̫ࡣ
ˣ᷸
ҪģǾܵؼٷܡ
ַͷ
ǮĹʦһߴ棬챦ĹʦһȫǮһ顪
ɵۡ
ôԪǶǵһμô
ңô
̷ԣһɸѡͼǮɫȻָʹطչֳһܹӦе
ϣϼڶּ͹ۡ
󶨼ۡ
ǮɫȻɫֱӶ߹ۣλĹõ֣
ǣܹܡʦӦĿƳַ壬һǰԾ̾Ȼʶַ壬ԽʶԽеļ£
Ц
һֻصĩóǧģͨô
ֻأһչرգһտΪһֻأֻسڣΪԴޣ࣬۸Ҳˡ
ԽֻصβͣԽ٣۸Խ
ֻسֻĩƽʮ
ɼһ㡣
ַ΢΢һЦ
Ǯȷʵϳɾгɫְҵֻͣṧάѹϼܹ֮λ
ԼʲôʱΪĹˣ
Ȥַνƺŵκƺôࡣ
ĹԴгȻλ
Ҳ
ԼóǧͨѾԼ˴նĳ˳ϵͨûʲôãȫˣ׬ȡЩվ
Ͼ£۸ߵġ
ھԼʱûۣҲûҪۡ
ǧͨĳãѾ㹻Լ׬ض飬Ҫʲôʲôˡ

ôһ⣬Ȼˡ

⡣
ǿ߶ͷ亹ϵ
ǲԶ԰Ϊ׵΢¥һǿߣǸ۷ߡϡ۷ħ廤ͳ졣
ÿ
΢Դ罾ӣС
ʮǿߣһǿɵСӣҧŰһˣȻʵԶԶ磬Ͼ
֪˭ôĿһɣһǿɢֱָΪ׵İǿ߶ӳ۷ħ廤ͳ죬ҲŭĿɣɷ¶
󣬶ܹܸһ౯ģаǮǧ飬¶
ɲҵ꣬ĹĴԴ޶û𣬸˵ֻССһܹܡ
Ӽ£ǿ߶ӳҧڴǰ
ְػǰĽݣ˾ôȥֹʧ𣬸۵㣡



1879 ʱ
ˣһԵǳ
üͷ΢΢һأתϣЩɻ
ĮȻƳǿߣǵʵǿдҲ׾٣νֵ̫ӰĹϵҲְڡ
лϡǿ߶ӳĨ˰亹
Ĺִǿǻ治֪ô죬ҲǣҲǡԣɽȼü֮
üͷ΢˵ˡ
װŸģԲӣϵĻȴһáĿ򶥲㣬Щá
᲻֪룬޷֪ϲǴݣʵ򵥡
ޣͫһ
ϵҵֻȴʱͼôĿƳһǿߣϵȻҲҸǡ
Ƕӳͷû
Ȼңǳıӵˣ˵ˣȺʵ˼أôϣ
ðɡЩԸӦʡ

㹬ڡ
Ǯڹʦݱæµţַ徲վһԡ㹬ȫģоϢȫԼߡ
ʶǿǰѹƻȻ˰ǿҲ
ܹܣ㿴һʦһصףָЩȱڣѯʵ
ȫµıס
֡ģ۾ЩѣһطпӶһطģһȱʧӰ챦ֵ
ӦòӰ۳̶Ȼģָ߳ϣ83%ǮĿ棬̶̲Ƭжϡ
õģܹܡ

ܹܣ㿴۴ƣ᲻ƻң
ܣӰ첻ȼ¼ǰٰ̲̽һ飬ȶ77%
ǣܹܡ

ܹܣܲˮ˸С
ûϵ౦ӰЧۣ͸Ѿʹúܾãķﲻԭʼ״̬100%91%

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Ǯܹܣһʩÿһﶼϸѹأж˿˿ۣ޷졣
жϺͻ֪ܵܶ౦ıѶϢ
ȻЩԼ˵ô󣬲յ֪ʶû
רַи̾ҪﵽǮܹǳϦ֮ۻȱж
ܿ졪
ܹ991ͨ379558ģ49Щ覴ã5΢ȱݣӰʹá
Ǯһųֽţ991ͨ嵥ۣ빫ӹĿɻֹ֮ӿֱӸǮĳ
ַӹɨһ顣
ة˫ó̶99%795վ
ó̶83%430վ
㣬ó̶100%300վ

牣ó̶95%1280վ
ƿó̶98%238վ
ȫ991ÿһС
ǳϸÿһ׼ȷۣ1200վ23000վƽཫ600վһĹֵﵽ
609825վ
ৣ
ַͫ΢΢һԼԤҪһЩԭԼΪֻ40ڿվû뵽н61ڿվ֮ࡣ
ֹӦ֪ռٰᣬɴ˴׬һʣÿۡ
ʶǸֹӵĹۣҲȫԭȸɣ
Ǯ۾Ц˵ģǳϿң־յǿ߶ԣ±﹩Ӧ󣬶־ڳ۱˵ǳ۵Ĵʱ
ֹӣǮ˵һ䣬ļ룬һߵģ
Ȳߣ
ַͷ
ԼףռʸеߣԼ֪ٵİ֮䣬ԱȻ֪֮ͣʡ
ϾʵԽǿ漸ʾԽߣñＸҲԽߡ
һؼͶʣֻҪܻŴճôұضܷʮ
Ǯ˵ĸɹۣҲ
ͲľѾһ죬˭ռϷ磬ݺݴһԷͨ棬ռϷģϰվϵı
²һᣬȫڽ¡
ǡռǿĿۣ
ԣЩһʱˣַЦǮ
ȻǮˬʶЦֱַ壺˵Ĳ˵ģǮĳѸֹ֪ӣֹԸ⣬Ժ
ҵҡַ΢Ц֡
Ǯ˫ʱգɽףЦ󶥲㹬



1880 

λ˵൱ˣȻš֣ȻڣȨͬҲҪκʹۡ
ַѾǸԴʱʲôҲ
԰˴һ˽⡣
ĸһɰǿߵΣܸΪǿߡֵȻûˣеȨȴͨ
ȣκαͰۡ
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1881 Ʒ
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1882 ʲ֤
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ôˣֵַܣʵ
ûʲôֻڿҡַƳϷѤʵԲνȻ
ӵͷĳĿ˰ɣֵַſעĿ˵ţЦһЦ
10һ꣬עĿŽ֡
ַͷ
ȻϢӦиӦȴǰ˵һǰ10ĶЩףԼһβμӣע⡣
·һλ
ʱ仺ţŶڴУٿء
䣡~~
һ̨һˣĶ˵ŮӳĿ֮УŹǵЦݡ
Ļʦ̡
һȵĴᣬڿʼ~ö֮䣬΢Ц



1886 ùܼǮ
ףȺڡ
̵ĳ֣õȴõĴŶ˷ܵ״̬ÿһϣһƷڴ̨֮ϣĿϾӡ
棬ǿʼһ¶ȻЦݣ촽ҷǵ̨˫ͫѪ죬ȴ֪Ϊ˷ܻΪѪڡ
ǲĻʦôַ绨Ĺ̡
ò˵Ů൱
졢ׯġ£֪ԡ走ϾӣԳƵÿһ˵ˡ
˵õ۳Ǻŵô̾һʢõ塣
ߣʲô˲𡣡õ۳΢ŷۺС죬ȴ̲סŴ̨ϵľɫŮӡ
Ц󼸴Ҫڽṇ̀ûɹҲҵһֱһԭ򣬳ǰͷ¶棬ȻʦһҲϲ
ַͷ
һʦжҪ
ԭ1վıһõʦܰĳ152ĸ߼ۡ
õգӵмѵ̣Ҫ磬˵Ҫһʦһ׵¡
ܶʱҲһ츳
ڹ̵£һɵؿʼС
СˮϸˮͨһƷЦĽ££ܱʮȤ»Ц
ݣûҪһӵ
ַͷ
ܹĳÿֵȺܴ󣬷ֱӦĸײѫ³ߡ
һ˵ͭѫµĳߣ޷ѫ޷ɫѫ޷μѹ
ѫ³ߣֻܲμӱѫµȼ͵
ȻⲢȻ
ַнɫѫ£֤󣬱ܹμѹ
ѫ³ҲһܿԽμһһѫµĳߣ㾭֤Ҳ޷ѹ
һȤŶõ۳°ͣ˵
ַһЦ
ȷʵ᲻ȤǧվЩͨ˵ȷܹأǺͰǿ˵ûκμֵ
ˣһЩعʵ
ַտʼһЩ֮⡮񡯱㱻²õ۳ˣַνɵȥ棬۶һ㣬Ҳûʲôϵ
СͽӣЦˣֵַܡӲ˼
ûʲôõ۳飬ܺáļԣַ屾ľҐޣԼõ۳ԲС
ޣԣһ
ַЦЦû˼ǰĪҪˡ
᲻ᣬôءӷ룬Ц
ַЦЦԽԽڣ漴ǳ⡣ʱܳǵһڶΪڶ࣬ڶ࣬һʱ̾ġ
Ҳ
ַţڰ˴ȺԴ޵˥Ŀǰľƣеֵȵȡ
ǳ
νһϯʤʮ顣
ӱҲǰǿߣӸλǼʶ㣬Դ޵ľ˽⼫Ϊͨ͸Դһǿߣ䣬ַ۽硣
Ⱥ˴ÿһ൱ǿ
Ⱥǿģǵ壬͞eؾ޴࣬ͬСΪء
壿ַšӡ֣¶
ȴΪԼϵ
˫渵һɫȺһߵǾӢԣ٣ÿһ嶼ǾӢǿߣС
Ⱥÿһ붼Ԫ񡣡
ͬȺǿһսܱ˵һǰ˴ܱȵġ
Ȼ˴Ҳиƣ˴ոʽţȺʲԷ⣬ΪΡ
ӿ̸ַջС
Ƕ壬֪֮١
ȡɣǡӣַܺ棬Ҳ̽ʲôܣϾ̫ء
Ͱ˴ĸߵͬÿһûκαʶ
֮վǰҲδϵá
Ͼǿʵ̫ࡣ
лġַĵ
ԼԽԽǿվԴ޽ˣȺ˴Դǿߣÿһϡ
Ľݱõ۳õַȨҲļΪģȤ
ܿ죬һĻŵڶڹ£һжôȻˮһִⶼδ֡
ڶ
߳һ͵ڶϢģȡ֮ǵǿǣҲַһ㣬нɫѫµ߾۵Ŀʼ
ִ磬š³ʯѾ2300վˣǻҪôõ۳С˷Щ죬תͷʵ
ȻַһЦ
ùܼǮġ
23000վûϵ



1887 10λĹ
2700վ~
2700վһΣ2700վڶΣ2700վΣ
ϲ10λĹ³ʯš
Ҫģһ׺ط

1800վ
ϲ10λĹ߸

5700վ
ϲ10λĹ۲

ϣǴ˷
عʵ֮أϾһǧվعʵѾһ㡣ڿվعʵȻУ̫
бҶᣬعʵᣬÿһζǡ10λĿն
ܼǮ˭ۣ10λĿ˶ۣĸߣ
һβ棬һȴ˺治ˡ
һ㡢㡢ڵԲ׶εĽģʽ϶صĿռ֣ʶ߿ǿģ
45ڿվɣ
ֹ6ˣڶЩعʵҲ10λġ
Ǯ֪ĸĺᡣ
ӦĳߵͽܰɣȻġ
˵ĳҵ󱦲صıء
УַһЦȴν
ʲôʲôǮ˵ҪȻ˽ǧֻͨ԰ټƵľûء
ǲĸ߼ۣ
ÿ˵¶ֵǧվֱڼ㡣
ַ˵ЩʵûʲôعʵȻҲ࣬ϾԼѾǿٻһ㡣
Ͼ࣡
֪Ƕյ١
ģԹ˵ӦɰɣĻĵɡַعʵãѾ൱졣
10˵Ķ10ˣֱһ
100˵Ķ10ˣӾѾˡ
1000ˣ10000˵Ķ10ˣʯͷ󺣣Ʋһ˻

Ĳ㣬3Űᡣ
ǴƷı˫֣·ĲλþӸ£ܿ㣬Ǹߣһ̨ܿǿġ
ʱ߲ģ˸߲ҵõ۳
ַ岻ͬһβμô̼˷ܲѣ˸Ķ˵Ĺ󣬾ͺһ㡣
ƷĵУȴûκͻǰĽ
еģֻǲм
عʵͲֺûһͨıûСƷıǼ΢̣΢ͷ­͵
عʵ෱࣬ЩǿʣЩػָЩرԴ
Ȼÿعʵٶǿһ壬ǲͬġ
򵥵˵ͬ1000վعʵЩṩ10λǿЩֻṩ1λǿЩṩ100λǿ
ܴ࣬
õ۳ǲףֻģõġ
ʶ㣬ȻЩҰСܱȵġ΢Ц͵
ƷĵȻһЦŵ԰
ǿޣǿعʵԴȪҲȫ׼ˣֻҪΪǿߣֻѪɱ䣬̱һ׶εǿ
ʱģֱʲôҪһšüͷ΢壺ʱչǼ֪᲻Ӱ졣
ƷһЦƾûʸμѹ֪ء
˵Ҳǡϵ

ڼ
عʵıַ嶼ûȤĺܶ඼ǰǿģַʵ۹⣬̫ߡ
˵Ǿޡ
ۡ
عʵãƷ֪ģַȻҲ֪
Σ
ַ岻ǮÿعʵЧһɣ۲ֵ5700վڵѾǸ̳
۲ʵһ㣬1000վרǿعʵ
Ϊʲô
Ϊð
ЩعʵǿѪЩǿϸЩƤͶȣЩرԴĸӦ
ַ˵ֻҪǶ洦ģ΢洦ʤޡ
պ뿪ԴޣſվôҲǲȻܻռЩǿãַ˵ͬߡ
ɫоա
ִ磬ĳϾҪʼˣõ۳תͷ˷ܵ
Ļ߲ڵĽףַȤ󡣶ĳʼɣǰĽ
ĳÿһƷ۶1ڿվ
ѹ۶10ڿվϣ
ŴڴѾã̾Ͳθˡ̨ϵĹ̷֣Ц⣬޳üë΢΢һ̣Ըк촽
ǵĳĵһ
ͬʱҲһѹᱦ֮һ
ɨ΢΢Ц֮ŵԿס



1888 һԿ
ˡַվ
ȴãڵȵ˵һĿ
ѹᱦָǹ۳10ڿվıһ˵ÿһҲᳬ
ѹᱦеȡ
һѹᱦֻҪһڵĳʼʱģȫѹᱦβ
ѹᱦһһӵ
Ӧİ֮ŵԿסַ
ӵͷǧ
ֵ10ڵıʵ࣬Ѿ൱׿ԽļǮˣҲᳬ3ڿվ׵ҲŽ5ڡ
һᣬ۹10ڵıҲ˵ǰһ졣
ǧѹᱦϾ͵֮ŵԿס
ÿ꣬һ۹10ڵķԿױ
ִ׼һôõ۳ʵ
šַͷ
ǵһѾļȽϸءõ۳
νΪǿҶһ뷨ӷ󼸰ѣ۵ˣ۸Ҳ˵һ
ַͷ
£˭Ҳ˵׼
12ڵĶԼ˵νµʱʲôأһԿûĵҲûĵǾ鷳ˡ
֮ŵԿףַ־ڱصá
ʱ
ŴҶ֮ŵԿףѾ˴˽⣬̾Ͳϸ˵ˡȻЦȾգǽ۵ȫ
ⷽ棬ȷʵΪΨһĻʼʦ
ʱ᳡Ⱥڣһ˫˫۾̨ΨһһѾ޴Կף޲¶֮ɫ
֮ŵԿף
Ψһİ취
ÿһԿףۣ
ô
Ŀʼ
Źö𣬻᳡ھļ۸ţַʱվõ۳ԣ·ʱδۡ
²޴һ۸һûҪ˷ʱ
ϣһĿͬδ֡
ڵȴ
ȴż۸ȶų֣ʼֻһʱ̣ûʲôҪ
9ڿվ
9.5ڿվ
10ڿվ
һ֮ŵԿףɽ۾10ڿվȻԶԶֹڰǰᣬڰʮŰ֮ŵԿףɽǡ
11ڿվ̱۸ʱ򣬳ڰ
Ѿ֮ԿĿǰ߼ۣͬʱҲ90Կ׵߼ۡ۸һֱ̭99%ľߡ
Ͼܳ11ڿվԿ׵ߣǰˡ
ɲǡ
11.1ڿվ˸΢Цرµļ۸һʯǧˣûһ۸ˢ¡
11.2ڿվ
11.3ڿվ
11.4ڿվ
ÿһμӼۣ1000վ
۷ǳţ˭һ֮
11.5ڿվ΢Цű۸񣬳һƬȻ۸֮ǰԤļ۸ǲࡣ
õ۳ַǿڡ
ţõ۳ͷַ塣
Ӽۣ12ڿվַƽȴõõ۳һ
λ̫ߣ
ֵַܣ滹кü֮ŵԿףʵٵȵȡȰ
ûϵַõ۳˵ͷ
õ۳һ֬С˵ģ˷ܣ˵12ڿվǰδе飬ָоֱȻ
11.5ڿվһΡ
11.5ڿվڶΡ
˼ӼôûеĻһ֮ŵԿףҪ䡭
ৣ
õ۳˫ʱһ漴¶һЦ޲ɷ12ڿվ
10λĹ12ڿվ
12ڿվһΡ
12ڿվڶΡ
12ڿվ
Σ
~
õ۳¶Цݣֱͫɷǹϲ10λĹ12ڿվ֮ŵԿס
һƬ
᳡ڣ鲻
Ϊھʮ֮Կ׵ļ۸¸߸еǶ10λݺ棬治ɫĳȸ߼ۣͨˡ
ǰ10λӦѾ˿20ڿվ˰ɣ
ǰҲ̫Ǯˣ۾գһ¡
̫ţˣǿ12ڿվʮ֮һⱲӾҲˡ

붥Բνռ䡣
԰Ϊ׵ڼʹ쳤ǿһԴͷ10λǹ۲ϸ£˵֮ǰǻɻĻôѾȫ϶
϶û쳤ͷ
Ϣ鵽ô
ֻ鵽һ㣬顣μ쳤漴ϢϵݸѸɨ޳üë΢΢Өεĺ촽
μ쳤ԣַϺ١
ޣٿأһȴ֡
һδͣǴֱӵǣ
磡
͵󣬷΢΢ʧɫѵ˵ǡ¾壬췭ظǸ࣡



1889 İ
Ϊǿߣƶˡ
ȻʵͨԴĩȴǲȱƶ棬ܷչز
緢ʲô£һЩǰǿ߻֪ǿ᲻֪
ϾԴ޵Ĵ£
壬۸ڶȺмһˣȴ˸׹ඥ
Ǿ˵ͨˡ߽Ȼ
һǧͨؾǴá
û뵽һ壬ȻϿǣһа취Ըߡ΢΢Ҳв˼顣
֮ǰԶﴫŽɣʵҲ߷ּ١
£϶ˡ
͸͸ɫĲ10ǵӰ
ں
ռϷ磬Ҳν
ֻ֪һ£˵һ
ôԸ壡
ܴе֪Ըİ취ǲˣҰģԸǳ󣬶ǳΪ˴֮ף
Ǯǿ࣡ǿ
ֻҪܶԸ壬ûô
һ󱦿⡣
±뱣ܣţ֪ͨҡ˼䣬Ӱһ漴ӽﶥĳһԾ
·ͬСɣ
ɷ

10λ
ִ磬ĵˣõ۳˷ܵŷȭĵ˵ַϣȴǸղſɰŻˣΪûôʵʽ
ǿ12ڿվ
ȫң1ڿվ
šַЦŵͷ鷳ˣõ۳
С˼õ۳õַϲʤС˵ģѩžӨƯ
ֵַܹȻֱʡЦ˵ھɫ
Ȼַ֪ܸԣϾܲμѹż10ڿվȴû뵽ַôǮֱѾ˽20ڿվ
Ҫ֪һЩľǿߣܶûôǮ
12ڿվˣ116000ʵˡӵĿ˶ڹûгۡ
ûϵַЦЦ໨4000İ
ʡʱ̫ˡ
ο12ڿվһԿףԤ֮С
ӿЦѡ
4000վںҪ֪ľˡ
Ҳǰǿߣַһȡ
Զˡ
ѽõ۳ٿһַĿⲻȥ
ִ磬عʵˣǻôõ۳ʵ
ĳعʵϡֵǮ۶1ڿվ˵Դعʵһֻҵ
Ʃ磬¶
Ȼַ΢Цж٣١
΢΢鴤ַ壬òǿڣֵַܣ㵽жǮ
áַ

ӶЦַҲûƭӡ
ȷʵϵǮոչá

ǰĳҪöࡣ
Ͼ۳1ڿվı࣬׼ʱ䲻ֻаʱ䣬߾ȫҲֻʮ
ûһ㱻ʮ˸Ĺ˸⡣
У2ţ3ź7ŰṺ࣬Ρ10λַ塣
ˣѽβлλ֧~¶˵Цݣ΢΢¶һֵĹ֣Ըеģֱڳʿ٣շ졣
˲С
ļѹıļ
̵ƤһЦӡ
һŴѾϤˡйâһ漴¶֮ŵԿףھʮһԿףҲǱڶԿס
һƬȻ
ַҲ΢΢졣
֮ʣļѹıյԿס
ȴǹ۳10ڵĳ
Ȥַ֮һЦ
ԼҲ뿴ʲôܳ10ڣ׿Խ϶ܣϾı˭Ҳó
أ
һáַڴ

3Űᡣ
Ȼһﲻ֪Ʒüͷ΢šȻЩãݵλϷŪȷʵˬ
ϾǣߵĽͲȻεĸҡϵҲ
ѹô
ϻȻʡ
Ǿ㲻1ŰҲ2Űᣬֻ3Űᣬ1ŰĴݣȫ
ߣ֪ϢôʲôáƷİȻмȻǼ۸ߵá
Ҳѹʲô
һƷĵģ



1890 ̫
ѹᱦ
Կףȴֻѡ
ϢʵͻȻõ־֮Կ׵߶ʱϾĿǰ״֮ŵĿüޣ⼸顣
һ˵ÿһ֮ŵԿͷβмˡ
һ࣬һף۸ĵñȽϸߣмĻ1ڿվңһ˱˴Ĭ۸2ڿվ
Ͼһó10ڿվʵࡣ
ΣͲͬˡ
Կ׺İԿףȻֻһѲ࣬ܶ࣡
ַվ̨ϵḶ́ŮڲǰѼ۸ϸΪһʦľ൱֮ߡ
ʱڶ֮Կ׵ˮǴߣܿ쳬10ڿվûֹͣļ
11ڿվ11.5վ12ڿվ
Ŷļʼᣬ۸ֱֱַԵõ۳Ŀɿڴ˵
ԭΪַˣ12ڿվһڰʮŰԿ׹1ڿվ
ǲŷַ֣12ڿվ̫ˣ
13.5ڿվһΣ
13.5ڿվڶΣ
13.5ڿվΣ
ϲ7Żʼ13.5ڿվ֮ŵԿס
Źϲõȫˣ̾˷˭Ҳû뵽۸ߵز
ȵһԿ׹1.5ڿվ
۸ַ¸ߡ
ִõ۳ַоǳݣô֪ڶ֮ŵԿף۸ôࣿ
ǰֵַܣ˿̫ˣӾ̾ڶԿ׵̴һսֱֵַӱܹˣ
ַЦЦҲ͡
Щ£
ܿ죬ѹᱦҲһ֮ŵԿףҲһľн۸ȵڶ֮ŵԿ׸
13.8ڿվ
ٴ¸ߡ
Ϊ13.5ڿվˣԵô1000վڶһ֣󷴵ˡַЦ˵
5Ű12ŰĿˣڶԿ׵ʱˡ
һ߳13.3ڿվһ߳13.2ڿվû7ŰĿ
Ļ̥ϸ㣬Ǯ
5ŰĿ˹ˡӵ
һԿף϶5Ű˵ˡõ۳
ô̾һİԿ׵Ļ۸϶ôߣȫ5ţ7ţ12ʵᡣ
ֵַһѣʣѣýͷö
ַһЦʱԽʡǮԽࡣ
õ۳˼ͷ
´Ҫ򣬾Ҫ֮ˣ˭Ҳ֪ô仯Կ׸࣬ˣҲ˸ˡӸ̾ѡ
֮ŵԿףļ۸Ѿ߷塣
ֿܡַ
ʲôõ۳
ַ΢΢һЦڣտˡ
ôִ磿õ۳һ˫ͫţž
Բɡ΢΢˵Ӧû굽ʱ䣬ղŻῪ
ҲµġַЦЦ
ϸ˵ʵµģǵиӦġ
̫ԼҲûա

֮Կ׵ĸ߳
ͲȻûʸ򣬲ڿվıִ̼УȫĶѪҺڡ
˵ǣõ۳˷ܵС֪ͨˡ
Դǣÿһߵģ˷Уþƽ
㣬3Űᡣ
Ҫʼˣһѵ
һװ磬ȴԵӢˬƷİ׶񾱸߸߰罾ӣ·
յԿףȻС
Ӧ˵ĸУԶֹһѡ
ԿܹظʹõģһտųǿϿ϶һԿףʱ࣬ҵģֱ硭лõġ
Ժܶࡣ
ƷĵλߣҪһԿ׾٣ĲһҲ˶١
ĿģΪѹǼ
Ҳһ
񣡡Ʒ˫̨֮ϣʱʼʦȡһ鲻Сͨ͸׵֬ƬһĲ֮С
͸󣬶ܸо첻С֬Ƭ̲صľ˿ռ
֬Ϸһ··̲ʵذأ˿໥໥ǣͼ
ǵļѹᱦҲǵڶѹᱦ΢Ц¶СУ޳üë΢΢չỮ޲ɷ
ԴյĶ񣡡



1891 30ڿվ
Դա
һֵ˿׿ԽĶΨС̶صɤȻֱǡ
ЦʱһƤСá
ڵḶ́ȴǳζϵ齲ؼĶ
̲޾ռ
̲޾ռ⡣
ֱָռ䱾Դ֮

һ
޷׿Խһֱսȴø죬ߺܶ·
̵𵴡
Ź̵עδŵر
Уַͬ塣
ͶЩ˲ַͬǲ߱ǰ֪ʸǵһμ
ͨףʯ
״ͺƱ˴һƽֱӰһٲȻЩʵǾǿߣֻҲ޷ƻ
ʵأԶԶԴ޵Ρ
أ
ֱָռ
ıÿһǿ߶ãǰǿߺ;ǿߣҪͻƣռ޷ȥһ
ӵ°빦
ءַ߲ͨͬһۼǱ
Ϸ·ͼƲԶԶܳУɫ
̲ؼǿֻ˵ǡ

˵ǹ˵ġ
ֱַָ˫ͫǺԥб˾
£
ʲôۣԼҪ¡
ǲ׿ԽôĶ
Ͼ׿Խֻʹһʱȴܲá
ˣӦǲһֻأһεյһεգδκնвŰ۰ɡַĵ
ıǲȫ͸ġ
Ϊ͸ʱѷԴڡ
ǿ󣬵ͬʱҲкܶȱݡ
һģ˸ʱأһطֻϰ벿ʮ֮һҪиطѱȵ졣
ڶֻã޷ֱս
ģ붼ǰǿߣҲȻ֮ŵԿף֮һտҲһ롣
һʲôöûеıóվõı
սһһ㣡
ʱգܸǿһ㣬ʵҲܸǿһ㣬˵նõıأ
ۣӦò̫ߡ
֮ŵԿҪߣᳬ׿Խ
ַļֵӦþ͵׿Խ»͡
øڵϣڹϣǿǮӦöֱսı
ʱڹɤ£ɵؿʼУļ۾ͳ10ڿվԵޱÿһα۶
˶̨޾ɫĹ̡
9Żʼ15ڿվ
11Żʼ17ڿվ
3Żʼ20ڿվȻŴ󣬴һ˿ϲһ˲ӨȻЦ
2Żʼ22ڿվ
4Żʼ23ڿվ

۸񣬽
ϳ˶Щٲ˳ۣûʸͬʱҲû
ַԣõ۳Ҳһȴ¯ȴصġ񡯻˭ҡ
ĩΡ
һĹֹۣͣȴǼ۸ѷٷǸɡ
£ѵ25ڿվ
ϣ2ţ3ţ4ŰᣬͿ˭ָӲǮġ
һ׿Խ3ڵ30֮䡣
⻷ۣ׿ԽļǮ10ڣ50ڶֹ
񣬲۸30ڿվҡ
ַĿ·
ȡͫһţ漴°ť

3Żʼ265000~
4Żʼ268000򣡡
2Żʼ27ڣ
һһر֣ʼչְҵЦݣԭԤ25ڿվɴﵽǿġ
ϾĵԽ࣬׬ҲԽ࣬ԼĳҲԽࡣ
ڴʱ
ৣ
͵һ漴Ŵ¶ϲ֮ɫ
10λĿˣ30ڣ̵һ˿˿˷ܵرʱõ᳡һĿɿڴ
30ڿվ
ǿ30ڿվ
ţ
ҳ۵ģǶİˣǵĿˣⳡͷ10λˣ
˭Ҳû뵽ѹᱦУҲһš
ңǴ27ڿվֱӺ30ڿվ
᳡뼫𾪡



1892 
2Űᡣ
һĸߴͷǣβġˡⲢǵһ¶ʵ̫Ӵ󲻷㡣
壡
壬壬e壬λȺԴ޵Ľˡ
ҪӼô
ˣǵĵ28ڿվ30ڿվ̫ˡ
˵ûһѹƷǾͲܾˡ

ͬϢĵĻ4Űᡣ
󡣡

򣬲ֵá
ãϾڡԶıµǻһտڼ30ڿվȥʵǡ
ø֣Ҫڵϣ
˵νգܻøõıأ

Ψ3ŰеƷࡣ
۷ħǿߣȫܵõķŭҲüͷֱ壬ÿһﶼһʵļǮ
֮ǰǶĹۣרҵķʦͼʦѯ
ĿǰƣλӦ24-26ڿվ֮䣬ɽ۵ÿʱһҲᳬ27ڣ28ڿվ
ٹͲֵˡ
ߣ㲻ɣƷĿ¶⣬ֱӱ°ťȻһεٿؽסǰ¡
ϣƷĻعͷɴ۾
̫ˣҡͷ
Ʒ˫ĿЩѪ죺ſҪģ
ǵ׼2ڿվˡȰȻܺУϾҪܻܿҵµ񣬵ʱ򲻳٣νһʱ̡
Ʒҧ2ڿվôҲ䣡
̾
ԼʲôãƢЩǿ䣬ǿ
һѹƷأһصģǶܣһǺöϽܿתƻ⡣
ӲǾ10λĿ˿϶ǡ
Ǻķôվ϶޷һƣ1ŰĿ˴ͷβû֣֤ҪصĶ࣡
Ʒüͷ΢أ˼
ӿŭ𽥽ҲĶǳ󣬱ϾⲻֱսĶԣ֮ǰˣһǿߣһֻضδܲаء
Ҫ򣬿϶Ҳѱȵ졣
ƷҲ֪̫أֵģֻǡ
ʲ
ʱ
30ڵڶΡ
30ڵΣ
ϲ10λĿˣ30ڿվļ۸񣡡Ц绨ͷƣʱ׶Ŀȫǻ10λ
õ۳ŵͷȥѡ
ڣ۰Ͱ͵ضַ壬·һƵġ
ôˣַЦ
ֵַܣ˲¶డ30ڣ30ڿվӸַ̾Ĵ̼̫ˣعʵѾķѽ10ڿվ֮֮ŵԿס
ڣ£
һУÿվˡ
ִ磬ôôǮõ۳ʵ
׬¡ַЦ̯̯֣һˡʵһعʵܹ42ڿվı֮ǰһǧͨõǮȫˡ
ܻϵ׶Ҫһ͡
˵䡪
ৣ~
һɫӰ׵ͻȻ֣õ۳޲ǱһΨַɫƽĿȥȻһЦ
ַ˸ƣ΢Ц
һͷٲ˿˿һ覣Ʒӣʥ󡣰¸͸ģѩһ㣬
ǰӡŲıʶݺ֮
ɫ䣬
߿ǲ֮һרŸ񣬸ԴΪŮǿߣǿΪˡ
ÿɫȻֱַ塣
ǲĸˣԳƺΪ
չǱʲٶ֤ȷǷ֮ǰĵбܼǡ519780򡣡
ַһЦ
⣬ԼϾէֻ֤ǽɫѫ£δ߼
Լֻ20ҵĿվƲرѯʣԼѹֱһ
һ°ɡַһ˦ǼһѶѿվֱӴӿռָȡһƬ룬ֱõ۳ӵɴ۾Ŀࡣ
һվɽ
ǳ50ڵľ޶վ
ӸλҲδôʵĿվ̾Ϊֹ
ɫȻž
ˡͷת뿪
ô˰ɣַٿȻ



1893 Ǯ
ֹסü΢΢һ
˭
ƶߣ
Դϣʢľǿߣ
ĸǿ߼ǹģԴλߵģҲǿͿģСһȴ
Ͼܸˡ
ת˫ֱַ壺ò죬ǲĹأΪ˱Ȩ棬Ҳô
ַЦЦָĲ¡
΢΢һ㶡
ַָԶ룬ڸոգѹĿʼһƬȡ
ΪղŵġšûѹƷĽܣҲ֪ĺãǲĺáַʼ硣
ʲô
Ӻõ۳Ȼַ塣
Ҫģ
Ǯ
Ҳͬı飬е¶Ȼı飬ֱַ壺㡭Ǯ
ַݸһЦأ
һʱ
ַܲȫҶͳǲϹˡ
ߣղѾôһΣôǹݣˣַ֮ǰѾȡ52ڿվ֤Ĳ
ôüͷ΢Բá
ûôֱַӵҲǰذ£Ҷߣи׼ûôˣܲ
ȻǰңûѹᱦĽܣôڡ
ǲӦðҽһ£ܹƽɣ
ַ嵭ȻЦŰ
û
ǿΪѰ
ַΣ쐻޾磬ҪòҪ̫򵥣ô֮ǰ̵Ľ⡣ֻղšΪѡȻ
Ƕһĵãѵȥʲ֤
Ц
һԿ﷢ëַͣ強üŪۣʾһˡ
ǿǰ
ãܺãҴ㡣ŭЦ¶һĨѱЦݣ˫ȻͦĿֱַ塣
ַһЦȫ⣬·Խˡ
޲ýַɱʱվַ󣬾ͺһ̴һԭߴʱȫڵأͷҲ̧
Цǿ˾˾˾
ƽһ涼ѱȵİԴϵĳȻڣĻУ
£ȴ˵̴һָʹ
̫꣬ˡ亹ֱķ·ڴŹġ
ַȫ⣬Ҳһۡ
һ˫΢΢һ˫磬ֱַ壺ѹᱦΪħѪһǰ类˼񵽵ġ
รַ΢΢һ
磿
֮ǰдţ֮ףϳ类һǿ߽췭ظ˲أǿҲشһַ壬ɫûκβüͷһš
֮㷢ˡ
˴г۳׷ɱǸǿߣһ񡣡
󣬱̼˴ɱ䣬еǿչ˼ɱǿ߶սˣԡʧء
ǿ˳Ҳ硣
šħѪһǿߣм񵽵ģûӦڡ̡
̣
ǿɱ֯
ַͷȷʵԼòᣬ˺شɱ¾ȫǵ˴̫ǣ˴ûùӳԡ
˵صôħѪʲôãַʵ
һŭ죬ֱַ壺ħѪԴصڤﵮħ
ħϡ٣ԼԪŻγһͷδܳɳ۷塣
һħɳ۷壬ڻһšħѪоڣ꣬ͬ
ΪħеҪħѪ
˵һС
ַͷ
ޣܴڡ
ħѪǰħģá
һǿϵѪǽ뿪һͷħ
ϵ츳ǰħֹ֮ԴͰϵ츳ʣֻҪħѪħֱ֮ӴԲ
ãΨгܵסħѪǿɣʵǰá
ַͷ
ղŹ̽ʱԼҲ
͵øϸֱӣϾǾǿߣıʱͨǿ۹ҪߵĶ࣬ҹ̽ʱȫģǡ
ҲΪһʼʦûȥ˵ȱ㣬ۡ
ǿ
ħѪǿױȣ



1894 
ħѪĵһþѾ졣
ǿѪҪ֪ѪعʵǺе£˵ħѪǿѪЧضܾˡ
Ԫγһͷħɳ۷ɵѪ
ɷǿѪǶһԼ˵ô󣬵ǿ˵һǵǿߣ
ݹ˵ħɳ۷壬ǿߣ
ǰǿߣ
ͻƵǿߣҲǳߣϾħİħ֮磬һǴԲΣսҲͬȼħǿҪ
Ͼǿ
һǼķεȿ£
սѾԶԶƿߵļޡ
ڵڶþ͸ˣ󣬰ħֱ֮Բ
ǿǴԲ
һԴ֮ļޣ
Ψһȱ㣬Ҳ㲻ȱ㣬Ͼħһԭͻ壬ɱ¾Ϣӵǿ
ڣһħϵһֻҪܿ˷֮й֮޲
һһģһʧһá
ħѪķɺǿǾǿߣȻΣԺܸߡַ壬ֱ˵Դ̵λǿߣһֱδħѪ
ȵʵǲȴ硣
ܳΪǿߣħѪƾս飬ܳΪԴǰʮĴ
ַꡣ
ǰܶʱôϧ
һδǿߣô䡣
˵Ѳϵַ嵭ȻһЦҲûʲôΣߣڵˣһ˲֮¡
Ҫǿ϶ҪҪĥ¡
ԤǶ٣ַתͷպĿԡ
50ڿվն
ַ壬ƺַпһʲôȻʧˣ˻޷ܵסĿӣַ˭
Դ޶ɧ壬ַû취
̶ַۣԴ޾κһǿߡ
ôַࣿ΢΢һ
ֱֵӵܶ౦ǲֱýǮģħѪ֮һҲǱ˼񵽲óȻ
һЦ100ڿվҲδ˻׿Խһ
ַš
ǮһֵֻǸĿ
Ŀ·ʱĽѾɽۡ30ڿվﵽ35ڿվڲ
50ڿվôַ߽

3Żʼ37ڿվ
2Żʼ38ڿվ
5Żʼ39ڿվ
1Żʼ40ڿվ
۸񣬲ˢ¡
ÿһαֱۣߵ飬е99%ͷòԴĶǿߣȣ̫Զ
ֻʱܵǲࡣ
ֹʵǲ
ַš
ħѪļֵ׿ԽͬħѪֱսѪǿᣬֱӽħ֮Բεȿֲ
һԴ֮ﵽԲѡ
ǾǿߣҲֻһԴ֮ﵽԲַԼ⡢ϵʮԴ֮ȫǽԲΣûһǴԲ
ɴ˿ɼһ㡣
ǿħѪܿ˳Ϊǿߡ
ǿħѪһԴ֮ʵǳɹۡ
ȻħѪкǿĸãձΣأһƴһƴֺη
ħѪĸã̫ˡ
50ڿվ治һ¡ַ۲Ķ̶ʱ䣬۸Ѵ40ڿվ45ڿվڳۡ
Լ˵ħѪ޿ȡֵʮֹ
һħѪԼʵӰͨǶսӽͨǿߣ
Լܺǿಫսһ棬һ屻Լơ
ľǿȣǽս͵ľǿߣԼúԶһǱԴ֮ľ硣
ԲʹԲܶࡣ
ңԼ裬ԴʯĴڣħѪķɣ
ԼȫӸá
ıܴ
ַһЦ
ڰĿע£Ӻõ۳Ȼ£Ȼºɫť
~~

̨ϣȫ˷״̬Ц绨
ϱµļ۸ǣߴ˷ľÿһα۶಻Ѫڡ
1Żʼ47ڿվ
3Żʼ47.5ڿվ
10š
10λĿˣ50ڣ50ڿվȫȻ쳹ͨ졣
еʷУⶼƵϸ߼ۣ
˵ǣ۵ĲǶһĴǿߣһ10λˡ




1895 ܲרҵ
10λĿˣ
ص10λˣ
ֻǽɫѫ£ľѫ£ÿһܼӰͻأغһţȻĿ¾һ
30ڿվĵһγˣ
ȫ𾪡
50ڿվ
ԣһ׹ǵء
һѹᱦƷ񡯣ҲֻһΡ
30ڿվ
Ȼ󣬱ѹжߡ
һΣ
50ڿվľ޶ÿһ˵ĶǳģĿǵľһӶôʵǮ˵ӵʹá
Դ˵Ĵ

3ŰС
ϣƷ˫Ŀ죬ŭɶ㲻˵񣬾Ͳٲһô
Ϊʲôˣ
˵
һ죬಻ԡ
ҲǰṩһôǮһһ50ڿվ10λѾڿվ
ǿ100ڿվ
Ⱥ˴ûһõóôǮ
΢¥ҪһóڿվҲе׽⣬ֻͲƷܲ˽ǡ
жʧ𷣡̾
ôһƵĿˣǳԱˡ
Ʒŭһҧҧ
ĳϣҲ֪º޹أֻйѹ棬Ʒģޱǿյ֮ӣ߸ϣѹһͷ
һ٣ٶ
ҾͲˣƷľƢҲٴΰ°ť
Ѿˣ
Բã
˭ŵ󣡡Ʒ˫Ŀŭܡ

̨ϣ¶˵΢ЦȾաѹͨͬͨÿλֻͣӣѹûô졣
һۣܿͣʮ롣
Ͼ⶯ʮڵÿǧվۣԶԶͨ
ʱ򣬾ҪʦĹˡ
Ҫάֳֵգֲܶŵάֲ䳡ô򵥡
ܳΪΨһĻʼʦȻͻڸֳʦ
һһЦһһڻʱЦʱڴ
˶ŵ飬ȴµıۡ
51ڿվ
3Żʼ51ڿվ
̾ϲٶһƬȻʱƷĵĳۣողͣɲǵıۣһչ߷ʵǡ
2Żʼ52ڿվ
4Żʼ525000վ
3Żʼ53ڿվ
1Żʼ54ڿվ
3Żʼ

һֵıۣ𱾴ĸ߳
50ڿվıֱۣ̭һѲľߣƷı55ڿվľ˼۸4ŰǿҲ˳
3Żʼ56ڿվ

3Żʼ575000վ

3Żʼ582000վ

1ŰǿߣƷչײ
ƷĲͬ1Űǿ֪˴б֮ǰıһûпۣڡ
ǣΪħѪ
Ŀȷ
1Űᣬ60ڿվẔ́µļ۸᳡ףԤ10ڿվɼ1Ű
־ڱصã
10λ
ʱδߣȻѾġ񡯣ַ˻ؽԱļңע⡣
60ڿվ
㲻˵50ڿվôôһӹô࣬ܲרҵַعͷ
һɣ޲úݺַš
רҵ
Դޣ˭˵רҵ
֮ǰ˵ˣǹۣǿŭкܶⲻһڼ۵
ңħѪ˵60ڿվ100ڿվֵ
޼֮
ַͷ÷׵Цⲻôһ㣬԰ɣ
ͷ
ǰٺãҲˡ
һУֱ12ڿվδȣͼ֮ŵԿף
һУֱ30ڿվߣ
һУҲգĳ50ڿվҪħѪ
ǰûĹ50ڿվ˵汻ħѪ뵽⣬ǼߣҲЩ֡
ôͲһ򵽱أ
վ˵ĽǶȣô̬ôЩ
Ƴַ壺ôڼ۸̫ߣĲˣ
ǰַתͷֻ룬ټ۲źá
˵ţڰɴͫע£ַⰴ°ť
~~
һԵõ۳ҲĿ࣬Ȼѡ
ⶼ60ڿվˣҪӣ



1896 ѹᱦ
3Űᡣ
ɶ60ڿվƷЩð
ǮҲסô1Ű˵׷ЩҪپģЩٲά衣
ħѪ˵ô
İ֮츳ֻϵȣҲǰϵ֮ԾħѪΪﱾļֵ
ı㲻ʺҲղš
ʱҲãҲãǲĳ롣
60ڿվ۸ίʵЩߡ
˼ΨйȰƢ˽⣬֮ǰѾֹˡ
Ҳǵùа̾
ò10λĿ˲ˣƫƫ1Űǿ߶ħѪ־ڱصãƣ̬ڸǡ
۶٣øߣ
Ʒ࣬˫ȭգڰťǰҪȴԥԺ˽ս岻
ƴˣƷҧҧټӼۣٿء
~~~
ʾϣȻһµ֣Ŀɿڴ֡
Ʒĵɴ˫ۣȻǰ֣Ų΢΢ԴЩΣһƨĿࡣ
66ڿվ
10λˣ66ڿվ
̵ͨ졣
˷쳹ϡ
𾪲ѣµĳۣߴ66ڿվľ޶ֱţѾ׿Խ۸
ǻδ˵ʲôĳ66ڿվļ۸
̨ϣһ使޵õ壬ͷţḻֹε66ڿվļ۸Ҳǰλ
¸߼۸
1ŰĹ֮ǰ60ڿվĳۣ6֮࣡

1Űᡣ
һȺģ࣬߻򰫣Ƥ٣Щƣ̶̵βͣҲЩͷ΢΢͹
ǣɡ
Ϊ׵һģͦڰǰˣ·˫˸˸һɲŭƣüͷ˼
˶磬66ڿվǵ׼̫ˡһԼ׵ȰƤ΢΢ڣͷһӡǣ̲ž˺ڰ
ȷЩϡӳ
û뵽ССһᣬȻԻڰЦ֮ǰ֮Կף10λĿˣǹƴֵġ
110ڿվӵͷ
ĴҲ޻˵ڰЦ֪һġ
ӵ
ǰ˵Ⱥ˴Ӧڶǡڰüͷ΢أ˼
Ҳ򵥣Լָ·ȻȨܿ±ߵģ±߿ǡ
¸ַָ10λڡ
ֻ̨ܿĿտȴ
Ѿ㹻
ޣڰһһ˵ħѪģô
ǺĿ棬Ҵδ
ҲûڰӶãƲƲ죬̾Ư
üͷ΢΢һ㡣
ڰӺٺЦЦ̫ˣ磬򲻵򲻵̫ˡ
ӵħѪֻҪʵϣںڰ֮ҪӮҲס
Եɡڰʼ磬һں岻ȱǿߣһ࣬һ٣οϾҪգʱ˵
ҡͷ
ܣԷŵ˵ǿؽϵӲ
˸־޷ǿ
࡭Ŀֱַͣ壬һԶž޿ɺ

ʱϡ
Х˷66ڿվľ޶ۣõû᳡Ǵﵽ߳纣Хһ˸ǹһˡ
1Ű3Űĳţ
ħѪ˵䶨
66ڿվһΣ
66ڿվڶΣ
̵𽥼Ӵˣֱ
һ˫ޱ߹ѤʣɨһᣬްԴڣ10λϣ޾غͺ档
66ڿվΣ
ɽ
ϲ10λĿˣ66ڿվħѪ
زõþɢȥ
᳡У˷ĺÿһⳡʢߣ˷ܲѣۼ֤һ漣
һ10λˣѹǿ
ķѽ120ڿվѹᱦᶼǰһˡ
⣬Ϊһ˵



1897 ڴ
֣ˣ
Ӻõ۳𾪵˵ʵϴӰѾ˵ˣԭΪַֻСС֣뵽ôһ粨
66ڿվַ廨118ڿվ
Цⲻ118վ
Ҫ֪ڵʽ𣬶100ڿվ
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Ʒĵͷ˵Դǿ߷ĵǰ10Ϊһ1130Ϊڶ3150Ϊ51ԺΪĩ
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ҪããϵΪǿ̸ףǵ츳ŵԴޣֻҪ䣬Ϊǡǿ治̫ѡ
ǵĺͲһˣϾѪǻ仯ϡġ
ֱĳ֣͵۹ʥĴʥ
͵۹
ʥ
ַɴ۾ޱȡ
ΪԼҲ԰ʥ
壬õȺӺԴʵͻͽûþͻƳΪǿߣԴޡʯɽͫޱȳ羴
֮缸νգһδȴһδαøǿ
ԴĩβʱѾԴǰʮ֮У
һ֮Ⱥ
ֹʯɽ簵ҲŽ
ΪǵȺеΪǵ峤еԺȺУĽ
Դλ͡૵
ͣ
ַ΢΢һתһס
λϵ͵۹ĴǿߣȻ룬ΪԼȴ磬ȡΪ֡
Դе
ĺǿ
վԴ޶˵ĳ



1903 
峤Ҫܶ࣬峤˵öࡣ
簵漴ӿڵ峤һףʱٷϴˣء
絽ʱ峤Ϊףšһ㣬ޱߡ
峤Ϥ£ʵȲ䲻峤ǰ츳ףҲޱȾޣǽ䣬𽥳ɳΪȺ
ֱڡ簵Цʯɽ峤Ѿ£ǱȺ඼Ƕڴ
ʯɽʯ峤ͳ壬ʯβơ
簵Ц峤Ҳ˵ʺϴȺ
ʹȻ
ַҲãʯɽ̤ʵأʺ峤֮λ
ʯɽȻһЦʯĳֻǴһ£ԴĴŸɣʲôãûûڵ塣
簵ͷĿ¶֮ɫ峤Ҽˡ
峤ȷʵǸ档ҲǸ̾
ַš
ʵͺͿһ۹һιѣʵѡ
Ϊǰɼ̫ԴãȺۻ´һҵۼŸɡҰġȱһɡ
ʯɽֽһЩķչʷ
Ⱥǿ󣬸ԴԽԽ࣬ڶͺʯɽԴǿߵͳ£ո¶ͷǡ
Ⱥ츳ʵҲϾҲǾǿߣǿߡ
㹻Դ϶ͺʯɽָ㣬ǿ߽ʼðͷ确ա͡ġȺΪǿߣ֮ө𡯵Ϊǿߡ
еҲĩһ簵ˬʶЦòͬᡣ
ûûС㡣ʯɽ
簵ƲƲ죺С֡
ʯɽĿ棬üͷ΢΢һһͷʨŭ
ǣ硣簵˴ĺӣԴ첻µز£Ǻųս˵ĸ磬ҲƣΨʯ͵Ķ硣
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ϣһĸףַͬܡ
ѹʯɽ쵼£˻Ի͡
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мǿߣַʵ
Ӧ
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˴սǿ΢¥Ǵ̺ͼ߲¡
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ϵߴ۹ʷƾã˿Դ޸綫͵۹¡
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ޣ簵ֽһַ壺ļٵģСӣ
ġַͷ
ʯɽĿһţЦȻԵû뵽ַʹһԶ͵۹İʥ
Ҳǣ͵۹ߣ϶ڰʥ
ַͷ
ڶ͵۹ʥͬһ㣬˵͵۹
㣬һܿġʯɽĿƵַ壺˵ز˾ַǷԸҵȻȺ
ȥ壿
ַ첻ѣû뵽ʯɽ롣
Ƴʯ峤˼ǣǷԸ塣
ʯɽЦȻҲͲתĨˡַ壬һһᣬգĺ簵һ
һڿսϵңө𣬵Ȼд硣
Դϵ٣ֻҪҵһǶ룬ʵǿϤַһҵӵаǶʵģǵһ
ʯɽЦЦһӵʵԴ޾Сө𣬾ʵʱġ
İԴޣ϶Ƕһˡ
˼ҡ
ϣ㣬һͬͥ
ʯɽ¶ЦݣʯȴһůĸоЦݲװģȫġ
ָоһ㡣
һദַʯɽ簵ЩøУǻԼͥҲȷʵϾƬİأͬ·֮ˣȷʵܿɹ
ͻȻ롭
µȷЩͻַվһɱʯɽһЦżأϸһٴҲ٣Һܻⶺ졣
õʯ硣ַӦ



1904 ͻƾǿߵ·
׶һսַ洦Ǿ޴ġ
ȲεǿߣǿĶ֣ľַɹʩչ쵶ڶСȻȻԶѷɫ׶ȴΪԼٵһ
ڵʵҪ׶ԺңԶ
ײ׶൱ԴʯĹͣսƶ֣Ǳʵȶǿһַһֱ֪
ҵĹﵽǼ𡣡
ƣ棬ԶԶδ
ۺսҲǰǶ
ַ֪
һǿߣĳһѸԲԼֻڣδһԲȻ⡢ϵʮǽԲ
սûá
ҪôںϣҪôԲ
ս棬ںϴﵽ׶Σ˵ǳԲġ
ԲľӦø㷺Ҳı롣
Ǻ;ǣεһ
εкַܶ棬Ѫ編򣬿ռ츳֮ȵȡѰǿҪôһԲҪôѪͻ
ַǺߡ
ƾħѪħܴ֮ﵽԲҾܳǼ𣡡
ɿܡ
ѪԲϿռ䷨ͻƾǵҪء
ʮͻƵľǿߣŸ·ģߺ϶ΪһֻҪ츳̫ܳΪǿߡ
ǿѪˣǵ񣬿ռˣʶͻƾǿ߸ס
ڸ־磬Ρ
磬ս
ʱ̫̣Ȼ˸߼ռ⣬Ҫƾ߼ռһ˿ռ䷨̫ѡһ㣬ַ
ռ䷨ĸѶȣһĴԲ
ԼѪȻкɫУϵƺͰ֮ħȣһ㡣
ǿѪһԲַԴΪͻƷ򣬡ħ֮Բʹ֮Ҳ򡣡
ʱ޷ͻƾǣҲѭٸڶ֮
ǿһ㶼Ǹһ֮Բ֮ԲģΪ֮ԲΣֻҪѪ̫ܳΪǿߡ
ȻʷԲδɾ;ǲεҲС
ЩѪףЩռ䷨һϲͨ

ʱ䣬ַ˵㳤
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ܹǮЦ춼ϲ£֮ǰյͨ
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105ڿվֵܡǮֺǺǵطַЦ˻Ҫ֣һҪչֵܵⰡ
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Ǯγ档
֮ǰһǧͨնʵѾۻ㹻ͣܲʮԾţ
ǿܼľ

һӣʮɷܲһȺȺܹܡ
ַţˣ֮ǰǮְ¡
ֵܷһٶʮģǮĳ龫Ҳ쵽׵ǮһؿڣҲ˵عʵǮĳеŵġ
ֻҪԴеģǮĳõֻ֣ǮǮٵ⡣
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չ£Ļһ޾ԪǮֵȨ߰һ
Уʱһ㡣
ûʱͼչַ彫105ڿվȡ30ڿվϡ
30ڿվȵ𡣡
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Ǯֽ䣬漴뿪
ȥ66ڵħѪģ10ڿվҲ㹻ˡʮַ˵ʲô
ľ̫࣡
ھ˵ôǲ
ۻ澪ˣλ˰˳ɡַ߽꣬ȻʧЦʮƽ۸񶼿ӽ2ڿվһˡ
Ҫ֪״̬µľ2ڿվѾǶľˡ
£һеȵľ¾Ҫ2ڿվ
ռҶƴŬԱַԭ򣬰ԼҲǡ
뿪Խַ֣̤
ʱ򣬼ʯˡ



1905 ʵ
ڡ
ַͰɼֵ66ڿվħѪף޳ë΢΢һᣬ̲˵ֵһ
ԣʮַӦ
â㵹ʵĺܡ
ʵϡַ΢΢һЦùˣùȨˣҡֻҪʣұ𡣡
԰Լмġ
ǳںɣȷȹԼƾһ㣬Լ㲻
ʵǮֱþһ΢΢򴽣촽ΣЩʧ
ʮǱʴ⡣
ǲҲӶǽ׵ǡϡȱı
ַıԶϢ
ΪȨߣԼһξĳȻǣһȫƣ˲һš
֮ǰôν
£ȷЩʡ
ҿǵЩȫַԭΪĹ̫һֽǮһֽʶȥͲЭ̡
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ɡַ΢΢ҪͬԳ۾㣬ұ۵ֻ಻١
棿һһϲɲҪſڿӡ
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ģԺһֻϰ㡣ַ΢Цͷ
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ԡַ岢
¶֮ɫòǳһ㣬Ҳ֪ʲôţƾһ֮ӵʵֱδš
ҲһЩַ
ҡҡͷܳΪǿߣ˭ûһЩԴÿһǿߣмԼһһӡȥģ
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ȫԼģ֮١
ңЩеǿȻΪ˾ǿߣĵʱȣ̫ˡ
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Լ˵һ£ԼķѴԲ硣
촽Ҳ֪һԲŹ㣬׶磬׼죬µ
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رʹա
֮̾ǰ׶ɱʧܣһֱδ뿪ͼҪһᣬҲĽɷgүһͬ棬Űߡ
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ĸԣԼ
˼ǣӦü壿ַЦ
ףֱ֪ڻδκ̨ԴʱҲҪϵϡ
ЩʵһԵݡ
˵һĻ
ȻڲΪɣһڶ࣬һվȨģ˴˸Ǿǵӡ
ַͷ
峤ͣ峤ʯɽһȻվȨһϸ˵Ҳϵϲ޲ͬ
ȻС
һȺһûУ
о仰˵ĵطнԹȻֻҪоԵʵͲҪӰ˵顣



1906 壬Ҳ⣡
ַհɣ
ַͷ
պңձΣ֣ȺС㣬СϺףֻһжΣյĿǰٷ֮١
кǿԱǧҪСκһǿߡ
ÿһĥ²ܴġ
׶Ǿǿʵеȵģʵǿ̫̫ࡣ
գһ¯ƽصǿߡǿߣ涼ܼѡȻܴͻƾǵĿԽἫ󡣡
ҲΪʲôյԿףðǿƴ
ΪΪǿߣĺѡ
ɫȻɫ˵
壬ͬȺǿһжųɿһǿߴżǿߣȰȫܹ֤
ֻҪ븹أҲ˵Աûʲô⡣
Ұ˴Ⱥٻɱ˴˶˼һ֣˵ŽᣬͺʯɽĻ̡
Ļ
лЩǣôһҪȫöࡣ
ҲΪ˵ֻͣǡһݸһСС顣˵ţ΢΢һ죬Ŀһƫ漴ָ̬
֪ˡַͷЦлĽ飬ַμġ
оˣʵ
šַ΢ЦӦ

1Űᡣ
ѾʯɽݣҪ1ŰסЩȻû⣬޴İһǱ˵סʮˣס˶׾١
~~
ſַֻһˣ̤롣
ֵַܹȻʱʯɽЦͷӣʯһ㣬شɿʯɽһرĵˡ
ʯɽԣһۣĨа΢Ц簵˫ֽ棬ʯɽĽɫΰϡ
죬ǵ졣
ʯ磬硣ַ΢΢ס
Ƿ˾ʯɽʵ
ַͷĿɨˣ΢΢ЦԸ塣
ʯɽЦЦھ޴İ֮Уˬʴϲá簵صĴַָգգ۾һЦԺһˡ
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óʯÿһ䶼ֿУԱġΪ˱ԼܸŸɣ
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֮ǰȷЩԥĻԼһֳͷ
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޷ɳΪǿߵţվֻṇ̀ûʷĳ֮С
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һ׶ȡԼҪ֪׶ǿĻкö࣬Դ30磬Դ13׼죬Դ7
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ܳΪȺ֮ףԴ޾²Ⱥлţȫһֱڣֻǿ
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ʯɽˬʶЦܺ㿪ЦģȺǺֵܣȥҽãĵܶ㣬д磬Ǽһܿĵġ
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ǿģ



1907 Ⱥ˴
ַ壬뿪ǡ
׶һս˽Ҳ֮Ҫߵ·岢һͻȻȷͷҲδκӰ죬һ˼Ǻľ
һӡ
Եϵҵͬ顣
ৣৣৣ
ԶĴͣļΣҪݣܽд͡
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һ˵ѪԽǿԽܶȫûзһ޶
ʯɽһһ⡣
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΢¥̣һΪܿ¡ʯɽĿ䣬δʱʵѷɫ壬㱬һս
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ʯɽĿ棬ַ壺ϵȺǡ
Ʋ⣬кԴһƷͬʵĳǿߣ



1908 ʮ˽ܴ
Щǿϵġ
Щǿǰġ
ľ֣ش֮ԣ̫¶âδǺ£Ϊǵķ޼ӵе籦ء
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ǵĲƸ˷ָ
Щַ˵̫ңԶ
ֻһǿߣȣԴ70İȣһء
ǰ棬硣ʯɽָǰ
˳ʯɽָȥһŽɫâĴоŸǿϥϯض˫ۣޱ顣
УžϢ
ʮ˽ܴھţһϢ޾ʯɽɾλǿԵǿ߹ڸоλǿ򣬾Ǿǿ߽룬ʧС
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ǰ簵ǳʾƣŸǿ޲ַԾŸǿ΢΢ͷҲǴк
漴ʯɽһڡ

ǰһƬԣɳʯɫâָߣߴʯɽңֻǰ߾С
õģʯ硣ַӦ
ʮ˽ܴδʵ飬ʤ½ͺһ磬ʱ仯ɳĮʱΪ£ʱֻǿա
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ɫ㣬ʯһһصط·ǿգתһͷͷ;ſѪڣ˺ҧѪȵϢֱ͸ڱǣֱŻ
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Ķǲǰʯɽˬʵ𣺡һνߣʮ֮˾ŶܵӰ죬ȴ޶ԡ
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ʯɽˬʶЦƬ̾͵ˡ
áַӦ

˴·ʮ˽ܴǾʮ䣬·;ңԶ˵ԼһӲϾһȺػǲ򵥡
Χ㣬λԴ޵һˣص
ҪҪͨξ׼֤봫ͣΧ֮ƬԴޣȻʮ˽ܴ԰塣
ɽδʧع
Դ޵ĸԴгһ˥䣬ҲϢŬᣬƾµıֶΣػԴ֮ۡ
һ㣬ܶ
ĬĬŵڣ𽥳ɳΪԴǿһһˣǱĬػʵ
Ȼ峤ĹǾӹΰ
ʯɽһЦͫų羴֮ɫܿ죬硣ʹһԶ͵۹ʥϵͬһܿĵġ
ǰˡ
˳ʯɽָȥַȻĶ
ǰ񽥽һͺƷ羰㴩γһƬ͸һ͵ǰ簵һӰʧ
ַһ˿ΣҲ̤С
~~
ǰâѹʱһɣ·Ϊ֮һ۶ֵģһƬ羰
ɽˮ㣬һƬﻨ㡣
ۿȥͺ԰㣬д磬ûͻԴطҪʤһ
Եúֹǻ˵顣
Ƴڷ䣬𵴣̣ܶ΢΢ǷȱصķΧȴֲ
شΪʺϡ
Դ֮ءַ˫˸֮̾
оǻص˼һ



1909 
ɽ
˷һǡǿ߷׷ʾ𾴡ڰ˴Ⱥǿһ㶼֮Ϊ
ΪǶǵ֮ߡ
峤ֻһ˵´󲿷Ķʯɽʵδʵ峤ֻ˽ĳƺ涼ƺɽ
ʯɽ簵˵ͷǼ۶
Ǹղſôһף
ģˣ
Ⱥжûˣ
֪һ˺ҳǻɣ̫̫ˡ
ε˿ȥôС
ʲôϵؼϵ峤һ߾ȫ࣬ڲھӢԪͳˣөô
治ƽҪҲĴڿҲѾǾǿ˰ɡ
꣬Сôڱ峤أ

һϵһϡ٣һһȻʵȨȴϵһ峤ϵĸ峤ϵ
ȻȻϵһռݾԵλ
峤͡ѾƽڶܻЩϾÿжаѳߣ̸ǲһԲܴﵽÿһ˵ֵ
ܵ˵廹ǷǳŽģϾһϸ׷ʵҲϵ
ֻһһЩƴ羫Ӣǿߣǿߵȵȡ
ԵľԶԶڱס
Ⱥв䣬໥գ峤ͲԣϼͣԴȡӾ羺
ʵ֤һʩЧѣ̼ǿߵĽ
ģөԼ簵ȺҾӱģһɼЧϾһԶʤһ
ַʵоӢǿߣӮҲࡣ
ȺǿߣҺѾ峤λáաһͻƾǵģһ񣬴أƽ׽ˡ
ĵܲģڴҶΪƺΪ¾һһӡͻƲͬĵǿһδɱ¾ͻƳΪǿߵģɱ¾Ϣء
ĵܱԲֻΪ˱ȽĮԴǡ
ӦûͶԵһ壬һܹҵ壬֮ʣΨóΪ˾ǿߡ
·ϣʯɽַеĴ
ַͷ
ĿǰڵԼһھǿ߶˴˽⣬аһһġԹڱȽϺ;Լ⡣
ټһȺƽ˾
ǰ棬ʥءĺÿ˶ıأҺ峤Ҳ⡣ʯɽЦһ֮Դڴˡ
ַһ
ԶһƬ̲죬ɼһ޴ޱĻĺ̲ԣչɫʣһֺƽĸо
ȴκ֮
ӽַӴıо֮ˮ쳣ϢԼĶޱٿء
~~
һӴϢ
Ǳ׶ǿϢһͷѪľޣ˲ַ˲ʱͣ½Ų˫ü
ϢӿԼȻȻɢ
һӣ׸ߴ󣬻ļһĥĸ᲻ɴݣľһʵĽ⣬ɷݺᡣ
ſֲɱ¾Ϣһ˫ްɨַ壬Į顣
ĵܣˣʯɽк
šĬȻӦߴַƹֱӱǲַһ΢΢תͷǽӵĺ󱳣нԶ
֮ǰĵܡġսˡʯɽЦ
ַͷģ
ʯɽһĵܵ
ǣֻǸоַЦЦ
ǵУֻ˵ͬΪߵһֵֹ֮⾳ԼԼܸоõ˾һѳʺɷķս
ĵܵĵǿв̡֮ʯɽ
һġַҲЩڴ
Լƿֱһʱ
ԽԽѣ
ϾԼֻǺƿߣδǲΣԲߡҲãҲãζϢϢء
ѧϰȻкܶͨӵѧϰǼϴˡ
ͬԽߣ͸Խס
ÿˣܽĺ㡣ʯɽ
ңַһ
ʯɽףĵܾǸմĺĺ绹ĳأ֪ˣȥ磬סǰ棬ĺԶ
ַͷ



1910 
͵ޱߡ
ۿȥһʽͬıڿգڵأʮ׸ߣһ׶͸һ޴ǱΧһεĽ磬¶â
Ƭһ壬ɱʮ˽ܴ
ǡַ̲ס
ǿϢȷʵΪɡ
һ
ʯɽͷǴһֻʱնĶ͵ƾ趫͵ԴһֱԴʵȽʿʸǿ
һֻشδ֣ʶʵһֱա
ַ֮һݡ
ʲô˼
Ҳ˵峤ƾҲֻǺͽʿʵ£ֻԴ壿
Դǰλʵж£
ȥɣ͵нݺᣬֻҪ粻Բٿأʵ޾塣ʯɽ̤롣
ַ֮ϡ
꣡ಣݣ
һΧ֣ͺͬʱǿĹֵıԵнŰ
ʯɽ޾壬ǰǿȫĹܵ¡
ַҲںδĦz۵ķƾǿȣҲ׵
УҲֻǼĹ˵ֻǱǲΪǹĲһɡ
󣬱ͦΡĽʽ
̤
ǿĽ⡣ַ带һ̤룬֮һſɲĽ⾳Լ֮ͨľһȡ
ڵıͬ٣Ҹܼ
ÿһѱͷ·Ƶģ󣬵ûκιԣҲûκνӳ
ѱУվһòӣһѳı
ִɫȻ
ֻվһ޷ƥеĸо
硣ʯɽڣַʾͷ
ַ壬μ峤ַ˫ֱȭ΢΢
ৣ
ִ̧ͷ罣ӣһ˫Ȼ¶⣬̲޾⣬ֱȡַ塪
ַ͵һ˫ͫ΢΢ã˲ָƽ
~
ִӷЦŷȻһ˫罣âͫʱ峺͸˪ѩ崺硣
ǿ־
ܺã
ᣬаʵӣִ͸ŨŨϲãزסĵ˷ܺȣΥĹˡ
Զ͵۹ʥַ
ãܺãֱִַ壬Խ⣬·ܿ͸ģԭͳΪģȡΪ͡
ȼ壬Բ㡣
˵䣬һõĹâֱַ֣壬Ŀ⾼ȻΪ׿Խ졯˴Ǻ󷽲Ŵ裬Ϊǣ˵缦ߣν˷ʱ䡣
츳ȺǣŴֻ֮¡
㣬Ҳû
ַ͸оӿĿռѡԼѰԴ޶ٵ׿ԽһȺһ
Ҳǡ
Ⱥ˴ΰѳԴ޳99%ıҪ©ѱȵ졣Ȼڵġ
Ͼĵ95%գ
ܽգһñģϾȺͰ˴ȺиǿѾ죬Уǿ߸㲻ʲô
ձΣգһֵܵˡ
˵Ⱥ֮Ĳˡ
⣬Ǽĺÿʮӵʮ졣
һռˣݱʵǱһǰǼ𣬵ͷһΡ
΢΢һЦһɡ
һ죿
Ҳ¶㣿
ַͷʲôǡһСıչظ򣬾ԡꡯˣ¡ĺܶݡ
˵ֻһɲǵͷѡ
Ǳʯɽȴǵɴ˫ۣԾѣ硭
˵ֱ̧Ӵϣתַ˵տڼҲٱչأʱʲôģֱҡ

ַ
ĺԼ治⣬峤ⷬȴȻĶ
ǿԴǿߵĽ̵
һǿǿߣõ㣬ֹʡȴܶʱ䣬ߺܶ·
л峤ַϲ
׿Խѽ̵ѹʯ֮ǰ˵峤һ߸ƫԼ˴ô֮һѾҡ
д˺ôտ֮ǰԼʵһ޴ߣ



1911 ĳս
Ӷ͵ַ֮ȸԾ޲Ͷ֮С
ԣǸԵ
ڵı˵Ѳô󣬸ڵһԴеλĳָ㣬ڶʱͻϰ
ֱָǣ
ȣ簲һס
һĳأΨһһĺʯɽַ壬̤У磬طǽĳУٶȻҪˡ
ĳ1108ԽǰԽأЧԽѡ
Ȼ1ĳأЧҲԶѷɫĺ
ĺĺģ108ĳͬҲĺġʶĺĽ޵ġ
ʮΪڣʵǱƽ䡣
ʯɽ߽߱ܣһݵλҪ𽵹ˣŵȥߣҪ֪ʯɽʵǻʵĸ峤ƽոæ
ַȴ⡣
һǰǼǾ޽еģ֮ǰʵǿҲֻǼ𣬶Ǹǡ
ǺͰǣ֮
ʶʯɽַ壬ųӡ
峤ͣһǿ߱ʯɽˡ
ԣÿǿ߶һÿʮʮַȻ˿ĺԼҪҪĶࡣ
ʯɽͷĺУǿͬʱЧ롣
룬ʱ¡
ʱһ㣬ЧܾͲܶˣʲôҲ򲻵ĺһߣͬʱֻܹһǿ
ÿǿ߶ͬͨǿߵֻʮ죬ʮʮ֮䣬ߵʮ졣ʯɽ
ַͷ
ʯԣʱǸʵǱ䡣
Ŀǰʮ죬ԼʮҲǺܲˡ
ǿߵһ졣
ǿ£Ǳ죬Żﵽ죬һһ춼١ʯɽǿ£ʵĺ򡣡
ĺѸЧǽԲͻԲΡ
һǿߣﵽԲĶǷëǡ
ʱ䣬ǿߵġʯɽҪʵһ֡
ַ
һ˵Բεһʱ䡣ÿһǿߣضһǴԲʶ˵ҪԾͽࡣ
ϾԲҲȸһԲôһΡ
ҪͻƣǲΣѡ
ѪԲռ䱾ԴͻǣֻһҪǲΣȱһɣҲżҪ
ĺδԲǡǿ߰
һȺҪǿʢĻսƾȺٶ࣬ǡǿ纣Х죬һǿ߶ߣֱӾܰˡ
ʶĺʱ䣬Ǿǿռݡ
ܹƽ
ĳʲôַʵ
ĳأʵǼ򻯵ĺһĸ壬һ壬ĺΪĳ˽СʯɽָԶɽУһӴĺɫ
6ĳأ簵
108ĳأ80ˣռһƬȺ߾֮28ǹͨˡ
սĳصӵߣøĳӵȨʮһΣȻǲ߱սʸġ
ַ峤ᳫľƣ
ʯɽûĺޣʶ˴ʱ䶼ڸĳСĳλԽǰЧԽá
ַսô
ʯɽÿʮĳΪһְ˵ÿսֻսǰһַǵһսܴޣҽսжελá
šַʯɽ˼
ԼһսƣÿʮֻսһΣڶսˡԼһսʧܣôĩ80ĳضò
ڶսҲֻս71ĳء
Ⱥ32ǿߣ6ǿߣ֮138ŵĳˣǰǿߣ˵ǰʵ
Լʵڰǿж϶⣬71ĳؿʼսÿʮһεûʱܵʵ޵λã
ʶһΨһƵսѡܹؼ
40ĳأĵĩĳӵߵʵǸǡ
ҵʵս30ĳѾףλİǿûʲô⡣
ս20ĳأһգʤӦܴﵽ˳ɡ
ַ˼ܿ˾ս30ĳذɣһλһ㣬Ȼʱ㿪ʼս鷳ˡ
ʱҲս20ĳء
˵ʮʵܶݡ



1912 ʤѷ֣
Ȼȷ㣬ַҲż
ȺϤһ»
ҾҪսҲҪԷûʱ䣬ǷбսսʸȵȡĳصսҪ룬һϵе
ǡ⡯͡԰
ʵÿһΣͿѡӦıǼѡһǿѡ԰սһףıﶼһЩͨʱá
иõıսף黹
ţЩַӦǿˡ
˵ţʯɽˬһЦ
ַҲǻĶЦ
Լû̫˵ͨˣҷߵģֻͨжǱȽϲġ
ҪһЩսһǿֻҪò̫϶оˡ
ȺҲֻṩıսףûС
ǹȺйףùֵͿԽһʯɽȺ99%ı
̵󱲣ˣսֱأֱӶһùֵ
ҵһЩҪġ
ַĿ⾼Զ߲¥
Ρ¥˸Ž⣬һϸ΢͹𣬾ͺצǰ㣬ϷŶصƣ߲¥һ壬Žľǰ㡣
׳ۣݻ
ֵôַǣԼϵвܡסģֻǲ֪ǷбԼ
ʯԣȺ99%ıﶼУǲ
ҲãҲãһ㶼ЩͨΨѹı㼫ƷһȺıٻͨ⡣
к󱲵ӵ֮ء
Եģս˺ܶԣǿżҲ֡
ǽ֮أȺ˴ˣѺˣʡ

ʯɽһܡ
ܴĺΪģ108ĳɢԽĺģԽۺЧԽλԽߡ
Ȧסģͨˡ
ϾµˣǼˣûʸסĳء
ȦǸֽʩսĥ֮أʮȵȣڶ󱲵ӵģǿϣô
ط˻ࡣ
һĹ㳡ǹϢɵĵطʩƼȣۻףࡣ
ϾһȺ99%˶ǵײ㡣
嶼ǾӢģܺ
սޣһƬ޴ս̨սһʮ˽ܴûĹãֻս
Ǽ£ȫߡ
ǼĹרŹȻҲᱻ𻵲˴֡
ս޺սͬս޵ֻһǾʵϡ⣬ÿʮһΣĳصĹսоС
ȺѡκţᱦԴսٰ졣
ʶÿһ죬սΧˣֵУѧϰĦģϾǼսͨ˴
ǿ棬սȺӣõֵ
߹Ħջ飬ҵԼǿ֮·
һá
磬һ磬ģԸ㡣ַĹ㳡ܿս޴
Ĺ㳡һƬڻȣս޴սȻһ˷֮ɫס
ʱսǿǼҲ
浶ʵǹ
ɲͨĽ峤͹涨ҪôսޣҪս޾ȫԸҲûϵ
ǿ֮·Ѫ࣬ġַԶ͵һ
ͨдǼǿ˵ôΨ浶ʵǹսôһЧսЧãĻȺ̫
ʯɽַϤ»뿪ϾǸ峤æǸմӼǹкܶµȥ
ַνһҲܹ䣬ֻʯһʢȴ
֣ʤһ֮䡣ַսǿ߼׳ʣ¶Ѫհ߰ߣͷ͡
ѹֵڶ̶ʱ붥֮֡
峤ΪȺɵĳ֮磬Ϊйؼ
ֹսϵǿƴȫսһͨ˫Ź⣬ɤӵźвδĺͯͬѪڡ
ս⣬Ⱥÿһзѿ
ȺֻҪŽᣬһԽԽǿ
ҪˣҪӮˡַս׵ӣʱռϷ磬ڹֱȡ̷ţϬʤ
Хܿ콫̷ڵأ˫ȴɱڹȻ¡ǿߵսɰǿΪٲõģԻἰʱֹ
ʤѷ֣Բõһüӳսм䣬һֵסڹһһӣ㽫ս͵ƿ



1913 һӭ
ۣ
սһѪսϣ˲ᡣ
ʤѷ֣ΪλҪ֣սм䣬üĿ¶֮ɫֱսӣߴʱؿڣɫЩѿ
ַüͷ΢΢һء
ղŵսУ֪ʲô
ȷʤѷ֣սǻʤȷʵʣڷֳʤǰȴսȣѷѽ⣬ȼյĻ档
ҪϨҲ˵ϨϨġ
սȷʵдΪٲߡôֹȴЩˣʵȫɾֿˣֱӡơսӡ
ȷǿߵδ֡
ղսӹƺεңôһƣɱ㹻һˡ
Բٲôˡսƺһҧ
ȴܵˣȻܵĶֻҪء
ӮӮˣҪеȡüӱ˫֣ɫҪˡ
ûУٲôˡսһ
üһýô࣬²Ϊ˵ţɫüë΢΢һգҲսӣһԾ

λֵܣղٲ˵ġˡʲô˼ַԵˡ
һų߹󣬵峤ģһһ߷߲ƽղѾӮˣҪʹɱ֣ߣñٲô˽ѵ
ˣ
ַ֮΢΢һ
ĿɨΧ۵ˣƺٲ߸ղŵĽѵġ
Ⱥڵϵ֣֮ǰԤĸַа̾ԭΪֻͨһ£ڿƺͦס
һˣһ˵ͬ塣
߷һַ֮ĵҲû£λı£ԼռȺǵ͵һĺá
ȺУַعۿ˵ս˽Ⱥս
һ˵ַۣƬսе
Ҫ˽һȺڡײ㡯ڵġ
սһһؽС
Ⱥаǿ߱32ǿ࣬ʮ
սսֱǰǺǵģ˵һʵϾЩǿս٣Щǿս࣬൱Ľá
սսϣǰǰʮǰʮǰ٣н
ÿһΡ
ĳأʮսһΣ׬ȡֵ죬սʵǿ߱ƴ
ڰǿߣΪٲйֵջġ
ûһһǿ֣֮߳ǰٲٲȻϵͷӶ¶Щ֮ɫʱʣᣬַС
ʯ綯졣ַһЦ
ǿ̸۵ģԼ
˵Լʯʱкܶ˼ʱδ䶨Ҳδ档Լ峤һѾǹ۶
Ϊ峤ʯһʱ˹棬ԼȺ
⣬Լ⣬ʵǣĺǱߵҲ˱仯ǣһȫ
Ȼǰǿߡ
ǰ鷳ˣֶһߣ峤屾ƫοַ塯츳ˣûȺˡ
Ҵˣĺʮ죡
ʲôܣ
ģҼȺĸһ֮࣡
峤Ҳ̫ƫ˰ɣڵҲŶʮ죬һıɣ
㻹жʮ죬Ҳʮ죡ĺʮϵ֮ǰĸַǿߣĸһģ˵ˡ
Ҳû취Ͼ峤µ峤ƫģҲ꣬ûǡ
ڱ峤ˣͲˣţ
ôˣ
ʱַҲ΢΢һ
ŲͺĿԼԼ͵ˣΧս޵˺ܶ࣬ʹԼĿࡣ
أô
ûУδ
ҲǣȺһҶʶҲ̵
ѵǡ
ַ壡
ԶͻȻһǺ
أȴʹս΢΢һЩӾǻ죬Ŀַ塣
Ǻáַ嵹Ҳ̹֮Ȼ΢Ц˴кĿԶǰǿߣҲòص˵ͷ
ȻϳνŤŤ
ԼݣҲᱻϳ
ַ壬˭
֪㿴ٲߴ飬ַȻµµ֮
أȺô
˶ַݺǺ棬һǿٲȻǿ϶ַݣһЦҲʶΪɽŸոճ档
ҽһ£λ᲻꣬Ǹոռġ
ַ壡
һӭ



1914 ֱȥ
žž~
OO@@𣬲룬дʣδӦҲüͷ΢΢
ַ΢ȻһЦԲ⡣
ӸղһһȻôȻٲ߲δԼӺζԼԲһ
Ͼ·Ⱥֻһ
ֵַܣȻβ̨дд裿һǿ΢Ц˵֮ǰֱֵַһ
һּװۣ΢Цƽͣȴһƾ⡣
31ĳأĪ
һǿߣҲǸղŵٲߣΪ20ĳӵߣ̷ɡ
ʵΣĳصλɼһ㣬ַԲĳУ֪֣սԵİǿսȴһ
̷ɣ12
Ī24
Ȼս޵սв˵һУϾЩս࣬Щս٣ֻ΢Ҳ֪š
԰ֵַܣǿ峤նŵж̷˵ţ̧̧˫֡
ʱ䣬սΧ䶯źӿ
սսս˷źսⱬս޵յ߳ǿߵĽͲ࣬οһǿߣ
ޣ
ַ岻һЦ
ûԼᱻս̸ҲܿжߡһһѾãοԼէ峤أ˶ʼɡ
ֵܣҪȥԴϸ΢ַһȴǸղŻʤȴٲߡˡǸսӡ
ǣַʵ
ݣҲϵһʱġսӡݡһȵ塣
ȵַͣһЦֲ֪ʵģ
ѹ˵绷أߣó֮˵绢ǴСӵеܷӳǿһʵ
ֵãⷽܳԿھҪսҪսҲЩӣӦĻս١
ԭˡ
ַͷ
Կռرһ磬ߵкܴƣҷ׸򣬷֮ıʩչԽףʵԽǿ
ѹֵʯ֮ǰԼҪĳս
ôˣֵַܣòսҽܰɣĪ·ЦģսϾԹƽûκ塣
ʱΧһƬЦ
źȻٲ࣬˵ĿȻ۽ַϣһ˿ս⣬Ƕһˣϣͬǿܰһǿ߲ڽ¡
ǰոռģϵһš
ᣬѾǰǿߣ
츳ֱ
ֵܣɳ嶯ɫȻѹ
ֵַܡĪԣٲ̷ɺؿڣЦЦĪƲ壿ҲǣϾϵ峤һͬԴѪǵλҵġ
ƲҵһҲ
ҵȵݺսȴЩˡ
̷¶һ˿ǿЦݣƽ
һʱǵΧžһƬ˽˫ɫȻһ˿޺ս⡣
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ͨļַ嵹ǲмһˣһΪʯ룬Լݣй
һʵǺİ
̷ѻֹյϣյһϣȴԼԸ鷳鷳
綼ˣѵǿߣ
ߡ
ܿ죬ҪѡĳصĶ֡ղײգһǿߵĴʵδһ¡
˵ǳ
ĳع֮սˣһˣƱػȫԸûбĶ֣׼ȷĳӵߵʵ
ȻλˣַԵ㡣ȻѵַԵĺ΢ЦͷһԾ̤սޡ
ɲǼ䣬ף
ַɫȻĿɨ̷ɺ͹Īˣ΢΢һЦ֪λһϣ
ৣ
̷ɺ͹Īɫ˲ʱһ䡣
ȻֹΧȻһƬһɴ۾ȴû뵽ַ嵨ˣֱǿߣ
һϣ
ҪһǸںǿߣ
㣡Ị̄ðǿߣ裬ŭŲһ̷֣һԻ㣡
ɲҪ˵̫˾һߣҾһɣַԷʡ͵ĵƣЦŹĪ
¶ԷǷºݻѹˣѲɻҪÿ
ֱȥ



1915 ө
ս̨ߣȺŭ
ַƵģ̷ɺ͹Īǿߣһ
ݺݽѵһ٣Ī
֪ߵغ񣬲ɫƣԼˣ
һ˾Ȼôţȫһ
磬ֵõſ񣡡
źϣһֻһռȺˣȴǴʴʣ޼ɵܲŭ
£ǱѾһѹһͷһǿвʡ
Ͼǲһ壡
Ҳ֪һģ峤ͣǵͬ峤͡в˶峤ȴǷĵ硣
ûжͣûڵһ塣
Ǹϣģһܳһǿߣü
ˣŸսͺٻɫƣҪˣ
лӦˡһԵ̷ͫһӵͨѶˮģϵõ峤ǿߣ峤ʯɽڡ
սй涨ǿսɰǿΪٲá
ǿ߾սɾǿΪٲá
ɣκ˶Υ档
ϾǿһɱۣͬھȺ˵Ǿ޴ʧǿߣʮ˶Ⱥ֮Ҳһ
˵ҪǿٲãҶйʶȥ鷳ʯɽգϾæ
ʣԱ䣬ɱ¾Ϣأϲŭ޳ַô֪
ʶһ鷳өͺһ㡣
өΪ½ӨһһʱԻŵ֮һԴе50λ
Ϊ簵һ½ǿߣԴ54λΪʵľǿߡ
һλˣĪʵ
ө̷üͷ΢΢ϣǺΪٲãϾͬһөΪһЩƫġ
ʵǰûáĪ̷Ц˵üëһš
ôһСһҴδȺɳ˰ǼûûؼһЩжǿս
磬ȱľǷ
ԡ̷ͷͫ¶â

վսϣַȻ
ۣоԪصĲǹ֮Ԫ밵֮ԪأͺһƵֿ̣ܿɼ
Զԣ֮ԪصĸӦҪȰ֮Ԫǿ١
һ׶Ρַ
ѪûһԲԼ֮ǵ׶ΣԴ޾ǿǿѪ֮ħֻǵڶ׶ΣֻǿƫѪ
ںɫУǵ׶Σ⣬˵Ѫ˵һһƽֶΣ˵ġ
òռ򣬶ƽ֮ƺͰ֮ħơ
Ѫַ尵ݡ
ͻ˵Ҳ򵥣˵ȴҲѡ
Լԣ֮ħƵڱУܺ͹֮һ׶ΣôԼѪӳԶµս
Ͼⰵ赣Ҫȣֻܷ֮ӳڶ׶εս
ܶࡣ
ںɫܷƽ׶εĹ֮ƺͰ֮ħƣҪǵ顣
һҵ֮Ѫķ
ڶȡĳأĺһ֮Բ
ߵһα㹻
ǿߣԳ˳ϡ
ڽǰԼ뾡ܿս˵ʱȺ֮Улᷢʲô˭Ҳ֪
ԼʵС
ˡַ侲񣬻״̬ΧһĸӦÿһ˵
һǿߵϢȻ١
һഺӰһӫ̵սףսϰ߰ߵ㣬͸Ű͸ͺһө淢Ź⡣
һߣӽСһһ̶͸ħ˫ɫͫͺɫˮһ㡣
μөˣ̷ɺ͹Īǹ
˵ǶԱһѹʮֲоǿ߻ʮ羴صģûǣû»Ի͵ĵλ
өףһ˫ɫͫͶַ壬¶һĨȻ΢Ц
ַҲ΢΢һЦòͷ
ʯһөԼһů˰ĸоһ簵ϲ˵ͬ壬ܻЩҡ
׼ˣөڼ࣬
ûʺ꺮ůҲûκѯʣΪٲⳡ
ˣĪһּװۣϵЦѻս⡣
šַ˫Ǿ



1916 һȻ
Χ߾۽
ǼսǣҪ߳һΣսϣҲǾܼȲεսֹͨˣǿ߶кܴͰ
ʼɣө촽
ս̻ȼ˲ʱ
Īһгǹɽתƿնǹ粢ߣǰǿߵı׼衯磬ǹҲ̫
ȻǹۻƥĴط򣬴һѹִ֮ܽϡ
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ƹɢ˷ȻֻǷ򲨶Īơ
Ī֪Լĳƣ֪νǹ󻯡
ৣ
ַ徶ֱһԾ˫ֹâͬʱһѪɫͻɣѪɫֱȡĪǹС
ˣ
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Īǹ伯ǹ֮ϣҲֻͨǲΡ
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ѪɫĻͷʱһƬ֮ǣ֮ǿĪʧɫ
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Ī֮µĳȫơ
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۷׷ס
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սûȡɲȡɣֻӮ䡣
Ҳʵһ֡
өȻڡ
°޳ëչɫͫɨˣʱԭȻֹΪǿߣһĶǿߣө൱ŵġ
ûսֻӮ̷ҧὫĪڵϣվ¶ŨŨս⣬ֱַָ塣
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өƫַ壬ղսһַȷЩȡɳɷݣҸѡ
ԹĪʵҲӦðܵôҡ
Īǹǿǽ֮ս֮ܽӵǿֻϧ
ҵٶȸ죬
ҷȹĪǿö࣬óԶ빥һ̫ǿ̷ֱַ壬һѺıϷӳŸơ
һٴαһţ
ţһ˲ȵģ
Կ
ַ壬ҽô̷ս䣬ΧĿҲǾ۽˽ʵĪڰǿֻǵ̷ȴеƫϵλá
һ31ĳء
һ20ĳء

өͶַ壬żֺ棬޵ᶯҲ֪峤ӵˣжʵ
аʵөͫ˸
Ŀ۽
ַ˿κνŻǾн̹ȻһЦ
̷֣ƺԲáַ΢΢һЦҸող˵ôĸϣȻһ
Ȼˡ



1917 ͨ
20ĳأ
ַ˵ǼѵԽʯ
ÿʮĳһ㣬սżϾʮܳԿһ㣬һεѡҪѡˣպʵս޵ĳأܽʮЧ󻯡
ѡˡ
һˣ鷳ˡ
ʶַ֮ǰֻս30ĳأԤʵ޷Χڵ20ĳأһսҪףȫ
20ĳоųϵİա
һˣ͵ôӵ80ĳأÿʮһսһ㿪ʼˣ̫
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ĪȰܣѹȫ̷ϣҵƣƱؽ߾ȫַǴ̣ȻȻžֻǵ̷ɡ
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ܺá̷Ŀźױšһȴŭˣԣǽҵսˣ
ַ嵭Ȼͷ
˭ȷսⲢҪȻ̷ִսҲɵ
ҪϢôөɫͫƳַ壬Ȼдһ˿ײů⡣
áַ΢Ц
šөףƳ̷ɣ׼ˣ
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ʴ޵ֻطӲɣ̷ɵġӧȴѿطʴ޵֮ϡ
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ⲻһͨĶԾ
һһһս
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ӧΨһǿмٶȣһٶȼӿ죬᲻ȣҽкΪһ壬бƣҲ⵽ƻ
һپ١
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룬ڲ֮ء
ҪҪ֮У
ͽսóôټөڿУعۿⳡҲַ֪սΡ
ʵռʯ磬ַ֪ݣûļ䣬ӵٲߡ񡯡
Ϊ飬ۼΪʵ
ԣˡ
ۿһһַ壬ʵжǿΪַ֮кཻܶ͹
ৣ꣡~
ʴ޵ȫַ֮ŵ㣬ȫѹư֮ħơһд裬ҪʹħѪս
ϾԼİ֮ħֻǵڶ׶Ρ
ⰵ赣ȱǿ֮һμ֮һֱ⣬ںһ塣˵ȵʹʴ޵ȷǿħ̫
罫֮һӼ¡
ң쵶ڶԼѾʩչ㹻ǿĵԵ
󡭡
ơַ岻ռ壬ͰѼҵȫ
Ը͹ˡ
ȻһЦַսѷɫ̷ɣʴ޵ֱ֮ƺӧâ
սֱɱ룡



1918 ⲻô
ܺá̷¶һ˿ײЦ
ַս±ܶսַԶԶսе鷳ϾӧٶǶԳġ
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ⲻô
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֮ľǿߣҲδؼϰǿߡ
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ܣ
һڡʶ˾Ŀһ
а̷ڣΪӧƿߣκζȸܵ˺ѵصİԵϵѾȡ֮ޱȵء
ˣúס
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ʵӵоͨУ࣬Ҳֻн
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Ľ˵ȹĪߣﵽ۷壬100%δƿ
ãȻҸߣߵĲࡣ̷Բ䣬һֱ֪Էǿǰ˾ֻܾ֮ͨǸտ벻á
ķ֮ҲԶ
Լ֮֮
̷Ϊ20ĳصӵߣսͷʮһһܣ˺ӧַӲӲѡ˲
߳߳
Уٿһâ˿߰ƣÿһιŹ֮ؽӧĵƷӳ
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ȺУڰǼʵֻеƫϣȴӵ20ĳأ
˲䣬̷ɫǴ䡣
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1919 Ͽ
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ɢĹͲͬˡ
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һ飬ƣ
̷ֱָɣ
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з򣬾̸ֽô
һĽƵֱ˵
䣡䣡䣡
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ܿ죬̷ɱ㱻޾ĵѹƣڽڰˡ
ôˡ

ˣ̫ˡ
ţʵҲ̫ˣĳǰʮİˣҲ˰ɣ
ֹ֮ͨսҲţƳ죬ˡ
Ҳˣ̫ǿˡ
𾪣顣
ַǿȫ
䲻һһǿĵױҲͬһģϾͬ壬ȺڻǺŽģڲľ伤ңֻڲ
峤ͣ峤ʯɽө˶Ǵĵ׳羴ġ
£ȺֳһǱˣǸˡ
ؼǣַĺǿ
žžž˲Ϊⳡսƣ峺࣬Щų羴֮ɫ
Ƕַͬǿߵľ
ģַ壡
Ǽסˣ
ҪͳΪǿߣַ壡
ºϣַҲһЦ
ݡλǴҪģֻʵıǮ
һ̣Ǽ壬Ͽɡ



1920 Ҫ
ַӮˣ
һˣսӮ̷ɣ
ɣô̷˿ӵ20ĳذȺǿУϺŵǿߡ
ģöĿ֡
һʯǧˡ
ʯɽûã˻ںַݣͻأر㴫ôһϢȺһʮʮ٣˾֪
Ĵɻ󣬻ֻԶﴫ
Ͼչۿ˲࣬Ⱥԡ
ܿ죬Ϣȫʵ
ϢϢ
ַ巢ĳսˣս20ĳӵߣ̷ɣ
Ȼأ˭Ӯˣ˭Ӯˣ
ǿ϶벻̷Ȩˡ
ʲôȨˣɣ

ԭ֮ǰĶģ̷սַˣĳսȨ
սˣҲδҪȨɣ
ʵ̫ȫûģٰһΣʵϾռĳصһһλսĳء
˵ַʵֹĳ20
϶ģΪǵһսѡ˵סһɡ
ֱս20ףҵ죬ʲô˰
ַ黰⡣
˾Ͳ࣬һֻؼֻѣַѾǰʵ츳׵ĸǰ޹ˡ
ȺӶȿɼһ㡣

20ĳء
þ˵ķӦַڳˮ֮У̲ĳˮһص͸ӦңԶĹ֮ԴͰ֮Դ
ĳ°빦
20ĳأЧǽӽĺٷ֮һϾǵڶĳأԲַԣȸӦЧǴδйġ
֮ƣ֮ħƣ˲伫ˡ
ΧĹ֮Ԫ밵֮Ԫ໥һΪƺħգڡַ˵ôĳҪֻһ

ԽǿĸշԴԽס
ǶԱѪ˵ǿߣַ壬ӵй֮ƺͰ֮ħƣԹ⡢ԴĸԱƵĴ
ͨǿȸˡ
ֻĳأĺЧҪǿַаѹֵĺԡ졯㣬һЧ¶ܱĳһꡣ
ĳһ꣬൱꣬ࡣ
Ϊ˲£ɲǵĳ
֮Ͱ֮ͬʱ򣬻гͻ
һԲ򡣡
ַ
ʱᷢĳͻԼӾ磬ҪΪĳиЧʶͻøԡ
֮Ϊ֮ǵ׶ΣԸ졣
֮ڴõġħѪֻҪܽħԲ

ȸ֮ɡ
ַܿ˾
ϾԼԲѾԶʮȫǽԲ
ϵϵͬķ˴нá
һﵽԲʣɱ°빦ɡ
ħѪͻưħٶȻ죬ˣϾ֮ħֻǵڶ׶Ρ
֮һԼĺʱޣĺħѪֻǽ
ǿ߸ǿ
һ֮Բֻһƾ׶εĹ֮ƣ֮ܳǰĹⰵں
һԲͻƾǿԼɣоųɿԡ
ַĿꡣ
ڽǰΪľǿߣ˲㹻ıǮԱԸ壡
Ȳżĺĳظ򵽴ƿʱٽ룬ЧʲŻ󻯡ַܿ״̬
տǰһʱ䣬Ҫ
߾ȫǿ

͵
֮Уִ罣ӷʯ΢΢Ŀ
ǰһһŮȻӰеĸɽʯɺŮһۣѼò
ʯɽա
ÿһΣǻ̶峤ͻ㱨
ޣ20ĳأ΢΢̧ͷüЩɫַ壬̷ɣ
ǵģսϻܡʯɽ֮ĳս̷Ȩ
ס
ַʵҺͶԤԼ1215ĳҡΪˣǰ;
ͳˣ10ֵĺ50ա
ৣ
ʯɽ޲ɫһ䡣
⽱᲻̫ˣ磿ʯɽһһƽԹԣҵƫַ壬ֻ¡
ֱִ̧ϣҪ
ǲѵҲ罣Ŀɨʯɽգ촽΢΢ü
Ⱥԣǿ߲ǶһǿߣȺǿһ֡
ַͻƾǿܣԵ
һдǱˣҶԻһͬʣ˵أá
ƾ綨ᡣ
͵ͷͫһ



1921 峤Ŀ
20ĳء
ַûˮ֮Уһ㵭Ĺ󣬹֮˿߰һһֲϣ֮Ĺ֮Ԫء
ÿһ֮ԪؼٷɳۣŹı̬̲Ź֮Դ
֮
ַ֮츳ǿıǹ֮ʶһԲ֮ѡǹ֮
ˣֻһͻơַ߽
΢΢˫ۣһ˿Цݡ
ﵽԲ󣬽·ͺأ֪ĸߣҲ֪ԼߵķǷȷ
ĳԺǰе·ٲȻֻǿյ㡣
ֱһĲǰУﵽڣŴıݡ
ҪһƿҪֻ
ַţֻĳ꣬ʮҲһͻƣ
иõѡ
ĺַӳһԾϵˮɲǱʧָȻ峺ͫһ˿Σȥ
ȣ뿪ĳ
ˡһ˹ÿһĳضһƬӴغ͸ۡΪٵˣ˵ַռݵģ20ĳء
ַ΢΢ͷ˶м䴩
ľͷһλɫ飬۾ССߣͳһĹܼƷӹܼңһЩӰ˵
ҹôַʵ
һǰݡǰݷôˡ
ʮһǰĭǰݷôˡ
ʮǰ
ӹܼóǣһһϸϸ
ÿߣݣϢĿĵȣϸءǿߵ㣬չгǽҪ£ȻǲԸ˴ŵġ
ʶҪ˴һЩ¡
ǰݷõĻǡǿߣҲиǡǿߡǺͰǿ߸ʶύһ£ʦ̵ġ
̷ַɣһս
壬Ծǿߡ
ַԼӺݿе֪ݣһʱϵռĹˣ
ʣʵǿȻөα10ĳصӵߣʵڰǿλڶΡ
ʵǺݣֻʵ
ʱȥطһ¡ǿַ岢ں7ĳصӵߡ顯ǿǿߡ
һԼͬһطԵ
ǰɽáӹܼҵ
ţַ΢
ӹܼҵûʲô£ˣֻ峤н䲼ɽ֪һ峤10ֵĺ50ա
ޣַһ
ӹܼ΢Ц峤Դʮֺ⣬ô࣬ĳ֪յө峤Ҳδӡ
ַЦЦҳȥһ¡
ߡӹܼҹǾʮȸףо¶Ľͳ羴֮ɫΪĴˣձسȺļǡ
ΪˣҲɡ

ַǰ2ĳأɽۡڡ
ʯԵ峤ּ⣬Լչʱ֪ˣ֪ԲܵʲôûôҲҪԹȥһˣԱ⡣
ߣԼҲЩʯ硣
ĺʱ䰲ţʯȫȨģÿһʱεķ䣬Ҫʯ籨ͬʱҪǼǣȷʱ䡣
֮ǰԼΪ֪ĳصʲôʱܵޣδȷĺʱ䡣
ϾһȷϣҪĻ鷳ǲģֱӴˡ
£ʱ
˰塣ʯɽˬʶЦԳӭӡ
æַԴһˣ൱ϲصģ峤һǳַ塣
֮ϣ
һֱΪַͻƾǿߣп֮ǰ
ʯ硣ַ΢Ц
ؾнʯɽ˸ƣԸ裬漴Ҳ£ЦңΪ峤֮£
ַͷȷʵһ
ʯɽ˿ڲ裬ɫȻҲû뵽д裬óܿ㣬Դϣܽ죬ճΪǿߡ
꣬ÿʮһȵĳսֽ
ǰһǰʮǰʮλԴԸ񣬽ࡣ
ʯɽ²豭˵̷֮ս˵ˣ֪ʵԶֹڴˡסȺ߲һ
ߣ躹û
ȺҪʵر¶ʵǱ˸ŷ㣬Ⱥ㣬ŻøԴ
ַͷһġ
Ҳνȥսݣĳսһѵ̨
ʱԼһˣ



1922 ܽʶһͺ
ĺʱ䣬ַ֮ʯһ֪ȺѶϢŵȥȻȺȻҪȺи˽⡣
ȺǡǿߣȺĹؽɵȶ֪Ǿеˡ
ĺһµ
֮󣬾ˡ
ĺŵúܽܡ
Ϊǣ浽ǡǿߣԲõ䣬ʱ䶨ˣ˵ܵģҲҪûʱ䡣
ңæµ
иԵƻŵý޷졣
ԭҲûʱ
պһʯɽģ˳
ַҲƴǣΪԼȷʵҪһʱ䣬¹֮ѴƿĳЧ࣬Ψĺвܸͻơ
һ˵಻ַ࣬Լ㹻
ĺÿʮʮ죬峤һʮ졣
ȥʮ죬ʣµһʮʹãһ꣬ҲԼšַ⡣
ÿʮʮꡣ
峤裬Ⱥֵһȵȣǿۻġ
µʮ֮ڡ
µĳսµĺ
꣬㹻ǿˡַĿǾ7ĳأȳΪȺǿµĵһˡ
ʯ˵ûǱԽߣʵԽǿȺĸԽ࣡
Ⱥνʵâ¶ѡ
죬պóȥһˡַûǣչعʵ£Լıһ֮ڡ
£չ߰˰ˡ
ǿǰޣʱοԽ󻯡ַÿһ׶ζǿ塣
ʶʣͨǿ߸ǿ
ԶԶ塣

ǣʳ֮һ
΢¥ͬȨΡǳأʳ׵ģǲһָ΢¥ǵĻԻ
ǵߣ޲ȥհһʦѧա
ȻҲ
ǵΪܲԴǿߣȼǺֻسǵҪ࣬ͲֻǶʱͬκʱ̶Ӫҵ״̬
ֻҪǮκα
ȻһЩƲѹ׵ĳûУѾǿµˡ
Ȼıߣÿһĳۡ
۲Ƹвࡣ
춨Դ޵ĳȻλ΢¥һһ䣬ν赺ϡ
ʱУδܹܡǮźɫۣ緢Ծ£ŲǵĴٹˣ΢¥λߵǿߣ׷ǰء
ǮܹСˣ
Gκ֣ôǮܹܣӦúǮˣ
ԶԶԣԣκĳǮǣ֪߲κĳԷǮ˲С˹
õģȫǿߡ
ǮҲǱЦݣĴʶǿߣ
ཻѲǻ¡
ҲԪϼ𣬱ʵҲǰǣֻ֮ǰʹЩֱ࣬ڼַ⣬´󹦣ʶ
Ծţ
⣬ÿǮһһдЦݣ㲻ڣڵݣϥѾ١
ڣǸݣ
ƹʵȨĸܲ
ȻҲвٸͬǵλȻֻܸ֮£
ͻȻ
ţǾٱеǮһ͵صɴ۾ȴǼһʶӰӡʱ˫ĿŹ⣬ѡ
ֵܣ
Ǯĳˣ
ǮȵӭȥоƱѶ⣬ģиղŵУķһСĹƵġ
ͻľٶõеЩٹ޲һɡ
Ǯַ֡塣
һǮԼ´ȥǣֱǡ
Ȼҵˡ
죬ƺĲʱ򣿡ַĿɨܣԼƺǮġءԼղģӦǮᡣ
ôأǮûе£
ֿǮĳĴˣû֣Ǯĳн죡룬еǮĳѾȫס
Ǯ˲ʱ˸飬ڼ¡
áַͷǮһöȥ
Χһڴٹ޲Ȼ֪ô¡
˭
֪Ǯŵģƺͨˡ
Ӧòǵİɣ
ǲǶҪǮȱϥģһԴ˲õĴ
ܽʶһͺˡ



1923 
á
֮󣬾ʮƣȴĹûȨ룬ַΪԲޡ
ܿ죬˱ǮרõĶ֮С
ģǮĳеңûܸҲ޷롣Ǯедַ壬еĸмȫġ
ݣַ١
˵İǿУΪϽĸǮڡҵѾˣϾܸ
ʶǿ߶׷ǰύһ¡
ַ岻ͬ
ǮԣַĹˣĲ֣ԵʻᣬûַεĽףҪ֪¡
Ԫֻ
ʶǮַмޱȣͬ졣
ϲǮˡַЦܣ䲻󣬵ݵ԰˴ŵѶϢַ廹Ǻġ
ǮǺЦֵܿˣ
æҲͲתתˣعʵܼ537500վһȫջ񡣡
˵ţǮһӣռָعʵȫ֡
ʱ䷼磬˱Ϣɫعʵһңۻͷ·˼ɾַ˫ҲΪȡ
֮ǰԼǮѹ30ڿվ
Ϊ´࣬û뵽Ǯչ537500վعʵ

ҲǮЦպðǰΪܸΣǣȨչ˶عʵ
ȻֻչһͲˡ
̵ַһعʵ΢΢ס
ǵܹܣǵĸλǴͬԼĲ񣬰Ǯ˳ҲԼ
Щعʵ֮ǰʳЧѾ󡣡ַһźܿɨҲδ˵ʲôЩعʵҲ10ڿվԼĿǰĲȫҲν
͵۹ˡ
ߣЩعʵʱҲУٳҲУʵֵ˶١
òعʵԭչǮʲôˣǰܹܣѳɾַ˵ʲôǲµ
ޣַǮ鷳
ǮǺЦ֮ǰδܹʱȷʵЩ鷳һҲ鷳չЩعʵֲǮĳ
áַҲ顣
Ͼܼ537500վȥԼ֮ǰѹǮ30ڿվٸ237500վԼ¾10ڣĻٳ
ֵܵ10ôعʵͲô鷳ˡ
ܿ죬ַϡ
ǮٶҲǷɿ죬ûһɽ㣺ܼ413700վֵٸǮĳ113700վɡ
Ǯ棬Ǯĳֵȫչۣ1վǮĳҲ׬ֵ㡣
ַЦЦ漴ȡ12ڿվ
ģ͵ҵ⣬ǮνƴǡַԲСˣǺǮϵãԼعʵ˵ҲҪ23ڿվչۡ
Ǯ͸ˡ
ǺðɡǮƴһǽ
6300վ˵ҲǱʲСĳͣڵλã˵ʵǮѾôҪˡ
졣ַعʵ΢Цͷ
졣ǮҲǺǺһЦգԺʲôҪǮĳ˰æģܷԸǡ
á
ֳȥ

ʱַǴŶ룬ȥʱͨ
ַɲĿ֮ǰǮдǵһ˵ȲĿشЩ˶һѷ
ʱƴǾЩ˼ֱӱܿ
鷳ⶫһһ㡣
عʵҵǼ¡Լʣַȫֻعʵһ룬Ѿ´ࡣ
ҲӶ࣬ԼҪǲΣʱعʵࡣ
ַ̤Ŀɨܡ
൱ΡɣΪʳ֮ףԼԲûκιУԶǰ㰲
ʱ䣬ȥЩ̫ϡ֮ǰ磬ַһԭΪ˰壬ն㹻ۣ֮ɰƳ䡣
֮ǰ뿪Ǻ󣬻ȴֱȥ磬塣
Ҳ巴Ѿ޾ԪҲôһʱ
ĺؼ
Ͼʮʱʯæġ
ʮĺȥڡַȺܿ󴦣ȥһʳǡֻسǡ
ǰ˴ֻءǣҪֻسѡ



1924 ֵ
ʳǡ
ǿǺֻسࡣ
ֻһǡ
ԡΣ磬ȺԶԪչӣչȸ
ֻسԡ̡Σʹ̱âΪ֡
ʳҲǰƴ
۽磬ֻسǱȲǣȲǣǰС󣬵ֻسҲ޿ȡص㡣
ԡԡսԡǿߡΪ
˴֮⣬߾ֻأڰ˴жϺţ߽ŷǿ߲ԣ߾˴н΢¥Լλеġ
ֻأӶϵͳΪܣλе塣
ǿ߻࣬սڼ֮ϣҲضáʳǱϾǻʳǣ֮䱾սϣսǿҲá
ǳأһӰúʵҪ
ֻس˵һַΧ
ȻˣǳŨŨУҶеѪˡַһЦǣȣֻسǵȻͬ
һ΢棬һơ
ɽĸо
֮ǰܽ룬ҵʵ졣ַڡĽֵϣֻسҲв̣ࡣ
סֻسǵľǱٻǵľȻԵãǡ
סȨиȨǿȭͷ
ʶʵǿ߶ǾӰ˼Σһ̲ͣϢ
ڶ˵ͬľǲ󡣡ַԼƿսԣԼܷӵѾ㹻ˡ
磬ʺµԼ
ΣճΪǿߡ
ҲǳԽƿߵıؾ֮·
ֵַĿɨһЦǲҡ
ֻس綦㣬޴ﲻǳأͱ־ԶԶɼһĽһ״ĽԼһԲ͡ӡĽ
ˡַӰԲν﷽ȥ
Ǵ˵еġֵ˴֮һֻءĸݵڡ

ʮǸߵֵ󲿷ɡ
·ϵŵ¹Ϊͺĵз͵ǿݽǱܣֻصĹԱҲ޷̽顣
Աܣ
ÿһ䲼ǿߣֻصĴͻ
ֵм䣬ԲεĴֵӴ򣬳ߣﲻֹԽ񣬸ܶ顣
ľưɣ񶷵̨۶ĵĴȵȡ
ɫŮһӦȫߣֻҪǮܻõۻʰܡֵѶԽߣͽԽࡣ
ÿǿڵˣƴʱϧһУʱԷҡ
һ壬γֵзΧ
ֵϲ㣬ֻ߾ס֮һռ䡣γɺƳְ״8888֮࣬²1112֡Ϊֵ֮Դ
ֻسǵ˵νġֵָľֵм㡣
ֱӦһǵðߡ
Ϊ߼
ֻаǿϣۻ㹻õܳΪ߼ðߣÿһҲۡ
1000վϲⶥ
Դ1000վʵѾ٣൱һͨǮһǿߵҲڿվİǿߣεģֻǧվ
ûþûˡ˵һͷɢ׳ļͺ͹ŵ֮ħƣ˫Ѫ죬˵ߴﵹơ
ôӰϴȱǮͽӰɣֵܵʵɰҲͷַӵ¡һβ͵Ц
ʲôҲǧվǷֵġһݺ˫ָ§һŮ֣ʱصЦš
Դ֮󣬶ǿ߲٣ǿҲ࣬඼ϲ
һЩ壬һЩɢˣҲһЩһСţӶСӣƩ⡮ѪֵܡԴ޻ġ
ϴѪħᣬħѪ˵ǻۣʵǰǶ
϶ʮ˶Ⱥġ塯ѳ壻ҼӡƫһȺ
ֵϰݡ
ֻصľðߣѪֵҲһ֧׵Ӷɶ൱ߡ
ٽͺˡͷɢѪ˫ͨ죬üͷšڵʵջЩԿ
ϧԿֻһѣҺһȥˣϴ󡣡
ѪȥҲﲻʲôæ̫ΣգûаǼ޵ʵȥ˷ԿףҵռؾԿףڤڤעһлԵң
ٵõ1ڿվһõķҵıһΡ
ޣ
˵䣬Ѫͫһ
б߱ҲһЦ˵ţˡ



1925 
Ѱ·ֵĿռؾ1ڿվ΢΢һ
ҼҲͣæµ˫֣ؿөĻĿͶѪ磬֮ǰԴֵǿռؾɣ
ѪөĻ˫ȭ£
һ˫ͫѪħԣĽϵ֮ħƣɫѪ
ǿռؾû
ռؾһ֣һһ磬һ̲ؼ¿ռؾָǵڶ֡ɫ˸ϸ
ϸָݿռؾСռϡ֪ǿ߶ѣȷ
Ҽһ㶣ʲô˼
˵ռؾԽ󣬿ռԽŨ֪ǿԽ٣ռؾԽֵǮ
ǺǡɭȻЦ
ԭռؾãû뵽պó񡣡Ѫ˫¶⣺Ƿֵռؾ1ڵ2ڿվû⡣
ͷԣѶǣͽǾǡ
Ҳ˵ǵܼ
ৣ
ԥѪֱӰͣϾǵһԵģȽˣûˡ

9955
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1926 Բ
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ĺÿһһ룬ޱ
~~
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~~~
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1927 Ʊ֮
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һԲ
ûһǿߣڷδԲͻơ
~ַͫŨŨϲá
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ǰԼѴﵽƿšƱڡֻһֱδܳɹĺһбü࣬ܿȫ
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еƱ֮㶼ͬС죬ַܿ콫ϲǿѹȥĺûʱ˷ѣʮʱ䣬ܶһһ
ϾԲ㹻
ôһ㣡ַ
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1928 ϧ
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¡
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ܽܵˡ



1929 ¹˭
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ʱȣ
ұҲѣô󣬶ұϢ֮صġ
ҼӸϵʱ˲ʱ󷭰ۡ
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ۣ
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˸˯ˣ



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ռؾҲǺܴ󣬱ϾֻǴԿ׵ؾһҪСö࣬ʶŻ˳Ŀռ
ڲ㡣ַС
~~
ĿռõַĿɫбȸղŸҪ˷ܵöֻ࣬ǾȴɫգԼǴ׬
꣬ɫаٷְĽ׶ΡַһЦ
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أַ嵲סĿռ֮ϮӰ΢΢һƫаϧ츳˿¡
ǹǺԼ첻Ӱ죬츳ҿռ䡯ȴ˹
Ƭռؾ֮أ
طԼƴˣӲܿռ֮нɱռ츳ҿռ䡯Ŀռ֮вֹ࣬Ա
һеƴɱ֮ǰԼѾɱ
ⲻԼ
ȻˣȻζԼǵзѣ˵ʲôǷϻֱӡ

ɲ쳹ӵǿֱѹǺ츳ǿӰǵȴûκ
ӣȴַǿʩչ
ַ꣬ɱǿöࡣ
ǿߣǿ֮壬ַҲǰ㲻



1931 Ҳ̶
ռؾ⣬ѪֵȴŽ
ôûҼǽϵս鲻ɫҲЩѿȴǸղŽѱʱݺݳһβ͡
õġѪͳͻ
ˣҲʮֽţϾ¹20ڿվ
ǸǰǼޣҸԣǿĵʱҲʵһʺѪ̣ҲǸոձġ
˵ˣҼҲκβ
˵һǼޣĸҲȲһǿߡѪͫѪ졣
޷Ϊǣעֻƽӹ
ֻҪ׬ʣѪշˮһͻƾǣԴǿ֣֮
˵ĺã
磬һɹģ
Ҽƨ

ˣ
޹
ʱռؾУսǻȡ
ַڱ츳ҿռ䡯֮ǴԲǿԶ빥Ҳǲ
޹ǷȱһЩ
ϡѪȴͬǾǲεĹ
Ҫǣˡ
䣡ַһκڱ˲λʹˮӰٶۣȫŪڹ֮С
ʵǿµǽ
һֲδһɣս㱻ͷǣѪעͲߣӦٶҲ죬Ȼƾ츳ԴҲڻô
ĸ֣Ҳ̶ã
𣡡ѪһƬʱȫˡ
뱩ŭ
˵͵ϮˣΧռһƬƬѿ˴죬ڻعˡ
ռƿأ
츳ǿԿռޱ񣬸ռռ䷨׾٣ΪռʵĳͣʶޱȻǲΡ
ʵѾܸߡ
Ͽռ裬Ϊǿ߱ˮɣκʵ̫Ժķ²ųɹ
ϣ𱩺УΧԭѵĿռٿһռƲ̣ĿռϳµĿռ䡣
Ȼɿռһ飬ܱơ
ӣĿ׺ݣȴǱͷѪܴ衣
عıԾǿʵѵĿռһƬƾַƿǿǽȻԶ빥ӡ
ˣɳ۵һ룬ǰ·ûˣǿҲӲ
ռ䷨顣
ռ䷨ϡ
һǿһֿռ䷨򣬱Ϊǿߡ
񱟺ģ١
ÿһֿռ䷨£޾ռ⣬ие̲ͣһֻֿռ䷨򣬹ʶʵҪһһֿռ䷨򣬺ѡ
ȸԲѵöࡣ
񱟺ģܸǾ޽УΪռ죬츳֮Ŀһռ侵ӣõñܻռ䷨
Ȼκβַ塣
ಣݣ
ַ̤޹Ӱأһɳ۶ܣʱ޹չ־״̬˵˸ǿ
Ϊ޹ڡ١౦
ַֻǽԲΣ֮Բ޹Ǿ֡
޹Ƿ౦
Ϊ﹥ͬΪ޹Զѷˣɼ˷;
Ŷ޹ռأ֮ﵽԲɻŶ⣬ÿһνΪ٣ʵѱ档
˵ܴﵽĵز
ֳΡ
һΣǿϣʮһ
ڶΣͨϣ羫Ϊ١౦ǿ֮߱δԲһΪɡ
Σϣַ¡
ʮʮչ֣
ϣϣЧǷӵ100%120%ܡ
ַֻδʩչռءŶΪʱ䲻֮մԲûã½ʩչ
Ͼḻǿߣܿᱻҵ
ϵȴޱı𣬱˵ǶҲƣĹϲܵˣֻԹʩչ
飡ϣ
ףʱ𹥻ʱŭȴַһë
ǿռؾռ㹻ۺ񣬱𷽲ֹʩչ

ޱȵı
ս㱻ͷһᣬعҪչ۷練ȴ˵ëţ

һǿߣˣһŪڹ֮У
ֱṇ̃ŭѡ
𣡣ȫͻǣۼžžѿӴɢޱȿɲϢ츳֮ĿѪ
࣬Ҫ
Ъ˹ǿɱкȻ



1932 
žϣ߷~~
Ƭռѿ֮ǰĿռ䷨顯ȫͬһεǿҵĹԣÿһռ飬Ƭͷ·ƵģɱƬռеڡ
ǿɱУս飡
ȫȥˣͷ϶Ŀ֮ĿϢ۷壬ѪһƬ
һʩչУǱƵ
ӮҲԪˡ
ҲǼŭģˣŻʩչһУȻԸһǿߣͷԷȣҲƴ
Ҫ֪Ԫ˺кܳһʱʵʮһ
ʱδرȰǼǿǿ
ҪָķѵĴۣ˵3ڿվ10ڿվ
ѻȥŲô࣡
ֻɱǰɶ࣡
𣡡ȫʧȥǣ񵽼㡣ÿһռѣŭɱַ御ʩչ޹ٶȺܿ죬ΧҲʼС
Ƭ򣬾ô
̤ռ֮ж裬ʱĳΪӣƬռؾоԵĵȨ
Щ鷳ַΣ壬ȴǶԱʵҲЩ͸
㱻ƵΣ±ԪˣϢ࣬Լ𡣱ΪԼֻ㣬ȴ֪Լսͬǿ
ǿ¹˭ֻ֪أ
һ̣ԼͱӲӲͷűս˿ȵԼֹ׶
ৣৣಣ
ַܣ޹ͺƾκеһҶСʱûȴռͦռ൱ǿұʵޱ
Ŀģмƻʩչ츳УͿ԰ַ޶һΧ֮ڡ
ûУȫַߣȴ֪˵ʵ̫ǿȫ޾壬˵㣬ǣűӺá
ˣƬռҲ֮ҲϼӾ硣
ַĶؿռԽԽС
ַҲտռ䷨ϡӵд˹õĿռȻһռȫѣƬΪ޿֮أ棬Ǻܿµһ¡
Կռ䷨˵˦ַ弸֣
ļһӡַҲΣû뵽ִŵҪɱԼΪ˸شۡ
ʴ޵ħַ֣ս׼
ȥԼ
»ռ䣬ͱչսԼȵֻв֮һҲȫԴűߣɹ˿ء
ַٿһ
Ŀռ䴦Ȼһռ䲨ͷ·ڴź׵ش򿪣ϢӦиޱȸԾ
ʲô
ڲڣַ͵ķӦ
ռؾصĵ㣡
ַ循ѡ
ʱ䣬ʴ޵˲䱬貹â֮밵֮ħޱҫһ壬õĺɫнĿռһԶȫ
˫赣
䣡䣡䣡
ַʹǿս밵ײռؾըȻѣˮѣռ߰Ĵ衣

ͬʩչǿƥĹɫצӣƬĳβ˿ַĹ۴ӣŭػ
ս
һС棬Ҹ
࣡ʮ㣬¡¡쳹ռؾǴݻ٣Ƭռѱ
𶯣þδƽϢ
꣡ó㣡ڴͷϱ֮Ŀȫûպϡ˿̵ıǿ֮ĩ츳ɱеʩչľһ
ϣȴ޾С
Цֹȫơ
СС棬Ҳͱ
Цֲѡ
ƬռؾһƬңռĴɼΨַӰڱΪղС࣬ǿɱ֮¡
ռȫ飬ʬ޴棡

~~
һâ֡
ַһɫħۣ֮Ƭռ֮У׿ԽĦzۡһƬȫµĵַԲҵġ
кܴգǿռؾصĵ㣬׻˵ĺãСʻ괬
þ˵Ŀռַһ
ڶĿռѾŨԶʤȥκһռؾصĿռؾռŨ̶Ƚʮڵڶ㣡
ǲڶ㡣
һǵ㡣
ڿռвеĵ㡣
ַһЦ
Ϊռؾ³ֵģͺͰ͵һƤ࣬δȫչһЩֿܱ
Ʃڡ
ղűĹռȫ飬պýص֣Լˡÿռ临ԭֻ߿ռңܿὫס
ӦΪѾ˰ɡַһЦȴ˶ûܡ
ԼʵԺͱսһսƬµĵռؾ̽ٲȻҪõöࡣ
ޣַԶٿһ



1933 Ҳý˰ɣ

ռؾԴգһһ֮ŵԿ⣬һЩѭһɣǾǿռؾԽߣԽߡ
޴ıУһԾٲȻǷ

ֱַӺȡ
ֱһɺй֮⣬仹пռϢһ
ô󡣡ַ˵Ѿ㹻ˣռϵܸһЩЩϿпޡ
ͬʱ䣬һʵ
ַ壬ʵǿ۽Ҳߡ
ƺֹһַܿҵһͬڱУռؾ˵ط󣬵ȴ١
ֻռؾı඼ˡַһЦ
ǿռؾһɣԶҲǿռŨ֮
һһ
ַɨռؾնͨ84ջȻ˶ۡʱַĿȴǽһޱȾ޴ı
ĴСȫͬ
ͨıһ510ס
ıΪ50100ס

ַŽǧ׸ߵı֮¶Цݡ
Уһ޴ɫ򣬺͵һҵɫеƣö࣬ϵƸǸ֣Һɫ֮࣬ɫеһԣӾЧǿöࡣ
׿Խ
һ׿Խ
ַٷְٿ϶
Լ֮ħƶ΢΢һ޴ɫȻ̲ذ֮˫չֱַӺȡɫ
~~
֣һħӺɫ򴦴
һͷԶŵĶħ߸ϣſŰ飬ûӶռһɫâ͸ͺƺڻ˵Ŀռ֮С
ַľѡ
֣Լ㾰ɫ׿Խֻ¶൱ġ
ϵ
ַĴɻҲδϣֱ̽ռؾ

ռؾڶ㡣
˻һɫѪȻɱǿɶ࣬ԼҲ˲ˣǱ֮Ŀʩչ츳ɱк󣬸Ԫˡ
໹ʲôûһϢɨռؾʲôû֡
Ŀռָڱ£ȫΪҽˣ
ŶԣӦ
ǿǱ츳ɱУһС棬ڡս顯֮£ҲԺˡ
˼䣬Ϯȴ̫أֱӱſڵϣף״̬
һ˵ַͻȻĲɡ
ƫƫϱ̿ǵҪܷʲôǲŽ档
ʵַľ飬ݣƿһ򼸸ռָɢҳ
ַ岢ûô
ϣ׷㣬һ¡
ʩչ츳кıǿ֮ĩͻȻĻһµĿռ䣬츳ɱвʩչڶΣԪˣʵ½ࡣ
˵аջɱַԼһս֮
û׷ַҲɵȥʱûҪ

ռؾ⡣
Ѫֵǽȴ֣֮ȫ֪ʲô¡
һһҹ
ĵϣҲý˰ɣ
ռؾޱǱǸǼǿߣδ֣淢ʲô˭Ҳ֪
Ӯˣ
ˣ
ܻɡҼЩ϶
ӦǲܣѪͷңоǲ֮ɫɱǸǼǿߣӦͳǡ
Ѫҧҧɫѿ
ˡ䣺ǸǼǿԲġ
ҼֱҡͷǼôɱǿߡ
пܡĿΪǿߵġ࡯δʵʱɱǿߣ𡣡
Ҽӵɴ۾ǿԴеĳȻڰ
Ѫأ϶˼ԴڣϾʵֺ̫ܿһףҪɱδҪ
ͷ˵ûҲôģһֿܣͬھʯ٣ǼǿͷСпӵʵ
еֿôҼʵ
Ӧáûˡԥһ£Ѫ
ߣǽȥѪռؾֵģװ¾УǸǼǿߣҲûϵ
ҡ
û˵Ļ
ѪɱȻֵܣһ̣



1934 
̵ְ
Ѫֵȷʵƣս֮ڲ֮ء
ܿ죬߱ռؾ֮С
һ㣬ڶ㡭
ÿµĿռҼӾѡ
﷢һսѪĿɨǿҵĿռ䲨һԴԱ𡣡츳ѾܣѪ֪
֪˭Ӯˡ¶ɫ
ѪǱ䣺ܾˣʯ١
ıﶼߣ֪ıƺ٣ϸûС
۾ǿߣ㲻ģҲ˶١
㿴Ҽ˫ĿһԲңָǰ
ռؾݻ࣬ռǣϢӦȫ裬ʶֻһ˫۾ȥҼԼԷǱѰ
ߣѪüͷ΢šĿһɳ۶ȥ
ܿ죬߱ƬսĵشһƬưܵĵɼս֮ҡƬģһͷȻǺ˯
ɵۣ
Ѫֵճ鶯Ŵź˯ıһʱҲ֪˵ʲôá
ûеֿܣ
ƫƫеֿܣ
̫߹ˡ
ǸƵĻ
һ񣬲֪һôãһֱӾ˯ˣҪһ˯ǧ꣬˭֪ʲô¡
Ѫҧһ
ܣܣ
Ѫ΢΢һһˣĻбҼӵӰ߲֪ʱ˿ٲ֮⣬ɵޱȵӴı
ǲƬĳβϵѪʹҼӸɪɪ
ǳԹ
˸ֱӳ飡
ٳһΣСûˡ
С󣡡Ѫߺһͷ漴˫һȭֱӴڱϣظպԽѱ𣬱ϾԱ˵ģͨûá
ѣ֡Ѫͳ
һȭֱӴڱ𱾾ͱķʱõñ·˯˻ʹһ޴׳β;ͺƾβһֱɨѪϡ
䣡
ӦѪֱӱúɳȥԶŵıҼӵɴ۾ɵۡ
鰡
γãɱϴγǳúݶˡ
áҼӻһۣңҿǣȻ°Ѿûˡ
ۣ
ѪףҲðǣ߹ʹ
ϾǱβ;һ˵µĳҲﵽ˰Ǽޡ
һѪҲǸǿҧҧ׼ѱ
е֪׷ʲô
Ǹң
Ȼ

ĻشǾһδγѪ׼Ҳס㹥Ĺƥʵڿֲ
ʵ£ˡ
±ʵǺ˯׼ȷ˵ǻԣΪԪȫԹȥֻʣһ˿˿ʶ
ú˯һָܻһԪ
Ѫ֪
ǱʹŹһ٣ֱѪۣҼҲȥˡôȥǵĴƵñ
磬ҪҪһҰɣ
ǰǸ˵ĻĶӦö
ʹѪ۾͵һץץҵͷ԰ôû뵽
죡
ǰƬؾúһѣ
Ѫؿڼ
ǸǼʵǲڣôѾԣ֮ǰԤƵģܡɡɱǸҡ
ΨһϵǣĪ˯ˡ

ռؾ㡣
ʱַɨƬؾǽ䣬˿ûŹȥбնܼ12ͨ51׿Խ
׿Խֵܼ10ڡ
޼۵׿Խջ;ˡ
ҲַһЦ
ǱƬڶռ䣬ԼҲҲڡ
ӣԼջֻ±ȷƬؾǿ߸ǱԼͶһ֮ŵԿףһû׿Խ
ջиʮѾ
ףȥƺеѰַ»͸ܸ֪һƬռв㣬Լԭ·أѰͨ·
ϾԼδտռ䷨
Ǳ𣬽ռвϿռ䣬׾١
ԼС
֮֮
ҲųȥַҲĴ
Ϊռؾ󣬾ԭһŵƤ࣬ɢָԭ̬ɢڴ֡
ֻĵȴɡ
뻹ꡣַϥɫдʱޱȸԾƵտռò˼£ԼܽĿռմ
ȵڶҪ࣡



1935 ѧˣ
ַ忪ʼ
ǱߣѪֵƵѰš
ûУûУ
ûУ
ҹ˵Ѿռؾ˸׳죬ȻһѪֵһͨ죬߻ħ
ܣΪʲôûУѪŭ
ԵıҼͣɫʮѿ
˵ǸǼʵұɱ֮󣬿ռָʲôģӦö䣬ƫƫʲôҲ
˵Ǹˣȥ
ǿһֱؾŰ
ԡͳüͷ壺һ֣ǸǼʵңûκοռָǱԱɱͱɱˡ
Ѫҧгݣⲻܣ
ǰѵ֪Լô磬ҾԺСҼӵ
ͷڶ֣ˣЩıֱݣֻ֮ǰǱţȫ뿪û֡
ѪĿǾͨռ䷨ľǿߣǰĿռݱҲãǱصĻҲô
ܱܿأҪɵǡ
һѪǾֻеֿˡ
ʲôѪҼĿһݡ
ĿͶԶӴɽıҧҧ䣺ɱǸңȻıռΪС
ৣ
ѪҼɫ䡣
ʵҲ⣬ϱĹ֣Ī˯ˣԸֻһֱԸⷽȥ룬ΪӦǡ
ѧˣҼߵ
ڳԺڣʵҲɫѿǣŭ
ԭһֱǰϻѪȫͨǱģʲôܣйΪһֱװ˯
ŵԣսʱ͸óǽһ£
ǵ͹˱𡣡̾ǸҵĲƸ¼һǿ߶Ϊ֮
ô죬磬ôôҼǺ죬20ڿվ˵ûûǾ㼸ʮԪһ׬õ
ǵֵıһûˡ
ɫѿô죬˲˭˵ȥʵǿˣֻǿǿ۸ߣֻţţⱾԴ޵
˵䲻ģǻ˱˭ܣ
һʱõѪҼŭȫ𣬾񱻱ˮһŵױһ¡
ǰôˣ
ͷȻޣϲŭ޳ıɱ˲գۣ
צµİǿߣ塣
ôˣⱾͲǵıҲ޴˵˵ҲռҪˣǻ𱟺ֱӰˣǲŽԩ
߰ɣȱı⣬ˡֵ侲һɵƳ۱ڣдżȲʺΡ
ѪҼӵʹԴ޾ɣҲǳ̾һ漴ȥ
ǮҪСҪ

ܿ죬±ǹȥ
ռؾһսĿռϵ߰˰ˣռ䱾Ǿ޸ֻǿռؾе̫ǿʶϵһ㡣
Ȼڻ˯
ַڵ£ɫдĴӶգ֮ٶϾĿռҲޡ
£ռմʣһɣЧʴ
ʵ뿪ˡַĿڴüͷ΢΢ڴͨȻǿռв㣬һƬ
Уÿһҵ·úܿʧС
Σնȵǲ󣬱ϾԼ㹻ǿܵռĹֻǺķʱ䣬ʧ
Ҳ˷ʱ䡣
ãһ֣꣬ͨõȸʮ꼸궼
ǲ
ˣҲпռô

ַٿ֮һ
˫ֹâʱȻͬĹâ͸һƬ׿Խ졯ǶԺɫ
죬ǼȺʱá
ǶԺɫڵն
׿Խ
ɡ
ϾǴ׿Խռ᲻ջ񡣡
ַ֮ǰһֱδϣΪδռ䷨Ͽռ׿ԽѷԵҲ޷
ҪǲͶҽˡ
~һַܿϣһûѪϸоϾһռ䷨Ȳߣʵ̫ǿ
~~
ѶϢʱһԶȫӿ롣



1936 ׿Խ
׿Խ졣
֮򡣡
֮ŭ
ռ졣
ѶϢĽܣͺһҳҳȫӳԺӣַ巽ȫգ׿Խ졯ȷ˽⡣
һռ
Ѿܹأǿռ࣬ΪռԴ򣬹ʶϣǿ
ֻ谴ʩչѡ
Ҿմʩչַжϣֻǻ;Ľ¡
Ҿͨռ䷨һַ֮Ա⾫ռء
ַ⡣
׿Խǿ׿ԽǾǿ߷ʵѱ
Լľ޹ϣӳռءŶʵֻ൱׿Խġֻͨ׿Խġ
ɴ˿ɼࡣ
׿Խϡ١
ʩչ֮ҶòˡַҲΣҪ̫ߣ֮ŭҪͨռ䷨򡮽ɱ
ǿǽɱ
ͬĿռ䷨Ҳиߵ֮֡
顢ںͨĿռ䷨죬ɱȴǸߵȵĿռ䷨ѡ
ռ졯˵ˡ
ַҲᣬֱӿʼ֮򣬱ϾϣҪѣδκοռ䷨Ҳ
ڡơ
ͺһҪôֻҪôС
ŪÿƵ;δʩչʱ䣬ַմţȻġ
֮򡣡ַ˫͸һʹ⻪
ɲǼ䣬ʹ⻪Ϊģһ޴⻷Ƭƿأ̧һƣ¡ʹâ֣Ľ
ڹΪһ
ǲٿؿռ䣬Ѱ·òǺܴ󣬵ûеĺáַһЦƬ֮УһоƿأԼ̽ѰһЩ
Ͼһռв㣬ûĿռ䣬ϢԸӦ
ٿûáַȡһ׿Խõĺɫ򣬾޴ĺɫ·ԶŶħԣÿһԶ̻ܼµİ֮ħơ
еĿռؾ㣬׿Խ
һϵ׿Խ
ҲܸӦĿռȻҲ̲ؿռ䷨
Ҫϡ
Ͼַһǡ
~~
ɫչ㣬ȫſ޴ĳγһɫԲ򣬷ϼһ㣬Ƭռޱڣӿ֮ӿ֡
ৣৣৣ
һѶϢӿԺַ尵֮ħޱͺƹͨѪһ㣬죬ܸоԶŶħϢѪš
ϣ
ͬϣҲǲͬ
׿Խַ֪֮ɫĳԴԶŶħ㡯һóϵͿռĶħ츳ռҡ
㱻ΪΪ֮
ҿռ䣬ػ
Ӱնء
ռ˫
ַꡣ

ͬ׿Խͬж٣̬Ҳ졣һ˵⿴ѣ֪׿ԽĲθߵ͡
ȻڱȽͨ׿ԽϾȺġ
ȻҲУƩԼõֵġĦԦ࣬ҲϾõǿ˵ܱ֮ǿ
ʣʺԼǿľ֮ɡ
֮Ա
ҿռ䣬ԶŶħ㡯츳ռ䷨򡮴ҡռ䷨򡮽ɱԲ磬ϡ顯ȴҪǿеȵĿռ䷨򡣡
ֻ֮ҪѧʩչƣͲ൱ռ䷨򡮴ҡ
ַһЦ
ʵкܴͬϾԼֻܿʩչԿռ䷨򡮴ҡ˽⣬޷ʩչ͵Ŀռ⣬仯Ҳ㡣
Ҫ֪ռ䷨εѣ
ǱҲֻͨĿռ䷨99%İǿ߶δռ䷨򣬱ϾֻҪռ䷨Ѫ̫Ļͻƾǡ
֮£ξ֮Сַ⡣
ҿռ䡯Լ㹻
ռв㣬ȫʩչҿռ䣬ʹƬռұ仯Ӷҵλڡ
֮򣬸ȶ
ٲһҲҵ뿪
ַʮ㡣
Զǡҿռ䡯ǿ֮ǿĲսѰ·ǡ

ƣʩչҿռ䣬ȻȻʩչиԴΪƣݽ겣ռ䷨򡮴ҡ°빦ַǳ⡣



1937 ô˯ˣ
֮;࣬ǿ
һһĳ׿Խ׿ԽֲεĻô֮һϵһ㡣
ңַϡ
ˣȻķַʱ䣬ȫƣʩչҿռ䡯ϾԽԽѡ
һػշǳ죬Ѿȫ
֮ķ;һϳɼ᲻ɴϼ̬ⲿֹͳ깥
֮ͨ׿Խ
ڽǿ
ַݲҪҲûôʱȥͻȣκһգ붼㡣
ֹҪƣҪȫȷ
ৣ
ַ뿪˿ĸµĿռؾ㣬֮ǰӦģھͷһƬռв㣬ɵɫʣռĴһƬѱ淽
Уױʧ
֮򡣡ַʹâ֣ʱ֮ΰסڣԲȫҲڣܷӿռؾ㣬ȴԼͨ
ַ忴ֿԲ
֮ġҿռ䡯ҵͨĳڣԼаա
~~ɫſѹ·һͷԶŶħ֣һ֮ħַ֣ħ໥Ӧϸ
߷žϣ
ռ𵴣˸
ңַУΧһСƬѸٱ仯ͺһëššΧռ鲻
ŤУռ˲ǧ
ַĿ棬Ѱռе֮ҪϳԣٳԣȻͿˡ
ãֺܿ졣
ãֻˡ
ţÿռ󡣡ַһδεʩչƵռҵİı¶ǰÿһʩչַԿռҵĸ̡
᲻δҵռˣ
ַ岻һЦȴҲֻǺѡ
ռ䷨εѣǡռҡеȷ򡣾ԼʩչռңҲҪʱȥڻͨ
һ˸¡
ҵڣڵڶһռ
֪ڲǣ
ַ֮ǰ屟¸¡
֮򣬱ƽⱟ츳Уֻ豣һƬռôƾԼٶȺ޹󣬱κβԼ
ϡռҡñס
츳У޷ÿռȥƽ⣬ܵҡԶŶħ㡯սʽĿռƿز֣ɴֱӴң˭Ҳֲúá
ͷǱ赶ɱõͦΪҲ֪ôַɱš
ԷԼԼȵôŹǡ
˾һߣҾһɣ
ҳǵڣ˭ҲǡַɫڴҵĿռĶһҫħ

ռؾڶ㡣
࣡͵һ֮죬ͫһȻͺͻȻûƵģȫƬ

ɫצĦЩԺ˼Сʱ߽˼Դô˯ˣ
ޣˣȥһ֡
֮ǰԪˣʶɼ˯ˡ
ԭȵĴ㣬ȻҪȥ㱨һ£˽ˣ仹Щҡҡλ뿪ռؾ

ֻسǣֵ
УѪֵǰѾԻһɨ
Ҿ㣬磬һ˳ǰ;ƽƱ¶Цݡ
Ҳ㣬磬һͻƾǣҼӹЦ
ããҶ߾ȫѪЦͷԳְҴչΪǿߣҵֵܽԴ𣬽һҵ
֧Ʊֵһ
ѳߣƹڱ㽫ʽ಻ʮ꣬Ѫֵ׼𣬱ϾӵԿ׵ֻѪһˡ
ϧû׬20ڿվȻʵһ㡣ϧ
ɡѪüͷ΢壬ٱǧ㣬㲻Ļϲ⣬ȫƭˡͽ15000վõˡ
Ѫֵ˵˵û20ڿվʵҲûôԿ
ϾۿռؾϢľͽõˡ
ɶı𣡡Ҽһ
ڴʱ

͵һӴӰ죬һֻѪɫ޴βͳ鶯ŵ棬ݺᣬòı
׺ݲƵɨѪֵܣŭĿһɣιɱˣ3ڿվأ
Ѫֵܴԭأһˡ



1938 ò˰ɣ
ˣðɣѪҧ
ҼҲǰѣڳԺھˣ׬һʣҲҿ֮ǰġӶϵϣ¾ôƪȥˡ
뵽𻹻ٳ֣
ң֪ܵ3ڿվ
ʲôãֱѪɱˣǰ3ڿվǮûѾʴˣѲǻɣ
֮ǰѪֵϲûôǮʶǷű
ҲˣЦǾǿߣ⼸ϸʣǲô
ˣҶҪһ棬ȥֻ²ðɡ˲ҪҲӲͷƤƹˤ
ʲôȥǮȫ˼ɫצӣ׵
Ѫֵŭġ
ģûôģѾǼ֥鶪ϣһϣڻǵ֥飡
̫ɶ̫Ҫ
ƫƫռƫƫǾǿߣѪֵܾԹ߿ҲҺͱ˺Ƥ
ιǿ㰡ʱ䱦󣡡ԽԽͷͷϵĶĿһѪɫ
ЦΪɱึĴѾһﻹǱĥĥģ
ʱŭģ¶ûУ
ٲֱӰˣ
Ѫֵ͵һ
ֱӰǣ
Ҳֻбóȫ˾ǿߵ棬ֵֻصĵ̣ﶯ޿ˡҲҪˡ
⶯ֻ֣ظ
أֻǸ߶µļǿ˵мһˣǿߵֻһ׼򡪡
ǿΪ
˭ȭͷ˭ĺ̨Ӳ˭ϴ
ǸϢŭ״ֺã磬ϻжǮ
1000򡣡ѪҧˣȻֻǿ̣15000һ12000ȴǹսףѻ߰˰ˡ
ϾգſվҲûá
أ
ң⻹1500򣬶硣Ҽӵ
ȫóҡ
ͫѪֵܣһŭƽϢ˺ӲСǮ
һֱѪֵѪ
ܹ4700վ25300վͷԵȣҵȥա˫ֹϣ죬ȫϡ
˭죡һۣ㵱ɵӰ˭֪ǻ᲻ˣ´ȥǣ̸ö֣

צ͵һģСƣ첻3ڿվˣ˭Ҳߣ
ѪֵҰס
ȴû뵽ϱô
13500վġѪʹսȡ֮ǰõ15000ͽ֮һʾΪ
磡磡
Ҽ
ö˵Ѫͷ­ͷڵѪ
Ҳûã֪£ñ⣬е鷳
һŭС
ޡýɫצӹҿһ⣬ûһʵҪ13500վɱأ
5000վ
2ڿվ
ֱ㲻Ѫֵκηᡣ
Ѫ̧ͷ۾ɵñͭ廹ſû£
û˲Ҫľǿߣ
㰡£Ǽĥĥģò˰ɣŭĽצһģʮ㣬ҵķѡ
Ѫֵᣬѳɵ⣬ΨһϽ
2000վֵ800վ
4500վѱСأǣҪұۣô1500վӶ࣡
찡ʲôûˣǻƽɫĿҲ
Сʱһں󣬱ȥ
һŪߺߡǰˣ黹㲻
¹Ѫֵܣš
ǿߣȥһ룬Ѫʧء

죬ռؾ
¹ȥַһ̲ͣʩչҿռ䡯Կռ䷨Ҹ࣬ϾʩչЧʼߡ
˵Ȼδҵλãַ岢ġ
ֻҪʩչλó¡
ҵĿռҲһ㣬ѧ㡯ҿռ䣬ȡʤַһǽս֮ȿռ֮ó
ǿ֮һ棬Ҫ
Ƶˡ
ৣ~ǰռңַܿƵķΧԽԽͬʱҲ֤Կռҵĸ̣Ϊʱ硣
~~
ٿأһ˸Ĺա
ַһʶ룬˲ʱһռ䣬ԼһֱѰҵĳڡ
ռؾڶ㡣
ҵˡַһЦ
֮һһֱӿ롣



1939 Լ
ˡַӰһ̤µĿռ
ȫɫһֻɫϼ롣
֮ĲޣһڣԿռĸӦԼճɲǾͻԵѷ
ػķĦz۰㲻ѷɫĦz۵ķδﵽ㡣
ǰػ
ûڡַɫչɨܡ
뿪һ꣬ռؾڶѻָ˿ûдսĺۼĿռܲÿһĿ
еϧ
ʵַлͱսһ
֮ǰһսԼеʤ֮䣬͵Ϯ걟һᣬȻƨˡ
Ӧںúָʵɡַ̤޹󣬼ٶ֮ۡǰһսʩչ츳ɱУ˼󣬾ɱһǧ
Բٴ¿Դĳˡ
ݣݣ
޹ٶȼ졣
Ҫұѡַڿռؾɨصһ㣬ǵ̺ʽһ飬֮뿪ռؾ졣
ûʲôջ
ǱΪǿߣҲѾ
ˣٶɡַ巵ؿռؾڶ㣬Բܴʱ仹š
ɫȫԴãֻܷͻƻÿ
һ½һ¡
ַĺɫ򱥺ͣڵգ֮ڶ㣬صһ㣬ַԲ˷ѿռ˵һռϡࡣ
ÿһȡĲ٣ʱȽϳ
ߣǵһôҲǿռؾĿռ޷ģֻǵ׶εĺɫСθڡȽϴԵÿռղࡣ
ˣηȺ25ĺʱ䡣
Խ֮Բ
ڵΣǺɫͻƽ׻ǷԲζ㹻ǲΡ
ַ岻ż
ɫ޷ɱ䣬ϻȥҲͻơ
ǿ߶µ˵ʵֻʱ⣬ֿɵãûѶȣޱֻһ̡
ٿȻ䡪
ţַ΢΢һ
ˣ
죬ַعǡѲߡͬһȻиӦСΪϣ١һ֪Ǻ¡
ӦǡַһЦ
ԼûȥǣԼˡ

졣
̤̤̤
ӰƽأһƬïʢֱ֣УѪֵܣضʱһ㡣
صǲռؾȥȥȫ෴ķ
ƺͼ
ǴȰһЩҼӵ
ЩռؾıԭǺġ̾ɱ¾˶֪࣬һˡ
Ѫüͷһšû뵽ôݣǵѹһգûҵʵȥո
˼ؼսףսѥʲôĶˡ
ʵɡ
Ƿࡣ
ЩǻԵɺ·ֿռؾã˵ĴУȥǵĺҲٶ𣬵ڡѪɫء
ǲѣʵһ
ȥĻᣬһҪƴһƴ
Ҳòȫȡ꣬5ڿվҵı͹ˡ
ı𣡡
Ѫ뵽һ
Ƿ˱𲻹3ڿվߵ8ڿվϣ
ʧֹһֿݡ
Ҳ֪汿װҼҲ֡
ܳΪǿߵûһǣһǵһǰɡҡͷ̾Ϣôһ֣Ȼ汻Ҳܡ
û㹻ʵԺȥЩˡ
˲¹ͷͷùĻԼ
Ѫɫأ˫Ѫ죺һҪȥգͻƳΪǿߣȻԶҪ̧ͷ
ֻгΪǿߣԼˣ
˵ĶԴ磬Һ֧㣡Ŀ⾼Ȼ
ʹ磡ҼӺȵҺͶֵһɷҵԴް˴ΪŴ
Ц־Һʹ绹ߡ
ѪҲȻʧЦôס
ˣѪͫȴڷ⣬뵱ʿǺʿ
Ѫʵ츳ͬȱҰġ
Ȼѡ·Ͳ
Ǵ岻Ѫģ˫Ŀͨ죬Ѫ־Ȼ
ӰʧûãһɫӰȵس֣ɫĿᣬϹһĨ޵Цݡ
һҵھַ嵭ȻһЦɫһһӰʱʧ
һСɽ类㣬һΪ



1940 ǻ᲻̫
ˡ
˭Ҳ벻бأ
߹ҲԴϡ޶ǿռؾͻȻ⣬Ϻͨʯûʲôֻͷ΢һѡ
вƣѪֵ޶Ϊ׬Ǯν
֪鷳ʶº֣ΪѪƴΪǿߣΪǲŲ屻ѰԴվȽŸ
кͱ
ѪҼӶкᣬǵĺһСѪֵܸڰаǣֻǱ
Ͼ֪С˲ͻҷ
~~
ѿ¶һͨ
Ѫֵ·ͨһϢĴ󣬽Ƭ֣ȫûκ⣬֪бأȻȻֲˡ
֪Ǳ֮أҲȥ
֮صĶϡܹɣѪԼþȫҲ޷ƿڣΨԿײܿ롣
Կת±֮طǵĳ
ˡҼϲ
ſѪֵ룬д˿˷ܺϲã߽룬ܹͨƵĴ漴رա
ϣַվѿط϶ϣĿ⾼Ȼ
ҲӦ
صÿ
ַѾꡣ
Ѫֵܴ·֪ﻹж죬ݸһЦ
ȫѹ
ߣСġַɫĶ漴ɶ£һϸܵ·ַ֣ٶȶȻӿ졣
ǰһبǰַ̧һռʩչ
ž
ռңڸϢĴֱĨȥַӰʱ¡ǻҺɫڴţ̤Ÿоޱȳء
Ƿġַܹʶ࣬һ۱ϳֵܹףĲϻҪ˵㡣
Ϊ̫أ˺Ȼ֮ǿҲֻ
ϣܲˡ
պãҵĹַһչ¶һĨս⡣

²ر⡣
һŵıؼ롣
ѪֵܾΪǿߣǾðߣҼΪԣ⡮١ıһһģͨؼʤ
Ѫܿѡϣȡ
Ǵӿռؾãδʹù
ЩۣϾһȡ5ڿվѪ˵۲νر⣬ϿռؾãҲֵ20ڿվ
⣬Ѿֵ޾Ԫȫջ
Ҽû飬ǶԴѪΩǴӣҲһҪͷˣǵͷ˾Ѫ
ˡѪɨң漴һ
ֿ֮˿ؼ
һΪǿߣѪ¾ģ־ٿȻرĪϷʯݶ¡
ô£Ѫֵܾһԡ
𵴺ܿͣ£ѪֵܸһۣٿһǾ쳹·Ҫرⶼǵߵ
ǹ̫¡
ܹˣĵˡ
ã
ˣ
ɶ񣬿϶ǸǺߡ
Ѫֵܺܿ췴Ӧ֪ʲô
ǸκжǾߣһӡ
䣡
ǽϷʯĩѶ£Ƿܹһ󶴡
˭Ѫɫ䡣
һ׹ַ̤޹
ˣɫĶŷѹ˫䡣
ڼˡַ彫Ѫֵܵȥ·ȫ
ڣ棿
ѪֵһȻȴǴδǰꡣ
˭ѪһѪɫϢתȫ߲ƣ߲Ԫľǰ⿴ͨꡭ
Σգ
ԽƽԽ¡
ң
ַһЦҲǴĻҪɱô
ôΪñɱң⣿
ǻ᲻̫ˡ
ַɫĶʱͺƶħ΢Цһ㣬ֱѪֵëȻһ赭дȴᣬ̲Ϣ̫

ڣҪٲַ֪ݣĺͱһˡ
ңɫѿɵַ壬Ծһ
ƣȫѹ
û뵽Ȼûɱ㡣Ѫޱ𾪣ȴδֳֻǼһƬ䡣
һûɱĿֲǿߣ
£ֱҵǵǶ
ĿģȻҡ
ںӱߣܲʪЬ
Ҫ֣͹Լ̫̰ġַĿɨɫĶйâէ֣ڣĿˡ
~~
ʹâҫƬ˲ʱ֣ѪֵɫȻ䣬ӡ
֮



1941 ںӱߣܲʪЬ
һ
ѪֵʵҲǲܳΪðԷӹµ֮ѪǰǶǿߣַ֮ǰ̷ܵɣҪǿһΡ
Ȼһװȥʵɣң붼ֹ
ѪʵҲͺ̷һΡ
ڱҼӣʵѪ
ַ壬ʵ̷ʱֹ
ʹ⻪ҫ֮򣬾Կռǿ׿ԽɢȾǿ̫࣬ѪӦ죬Լ
ɫâ΢â㱻ƣػЩѡ
׿ԽѪɫޱѿ
ʵԵȵ£ǺܿµĴڣˣǿһһزֱҼӣʵûֱӳɵ⡣

֮Ϸʹ⻪ֻƣֱ䡣ҼӲҺһ˲䱻ĵڵأѪȻ£Ҳֵֻ
ȻֻĸӹҲаǼԾǿ˵ã԰ǿ߶ԡ
ĹѾǿ
ȥѪҧгݣȴҲѹ׵ľС
ػ޷ƿ֮򣬵Ʋ࣬˫һɫâ컨ĵɫͺƻƷβ㡣
꣡߳ͣ
˷ֱȡҪ
ֻҪһ룬ҪѪתΣϴãһһǴΣƲ۵ĺ֮룬ÿһ붼о綾
Σϵַ塣
ҡɫһַԼΪĵһƬռ䣬شҿĺֱ֮ռ
ձʩչĿռй֮޲
ռѣֱܽٻأռңҪûؾҪһˡ
ôܣѪŵؿԼɱУô赭дȥһ˲ǰһɫٶ޲Ӱ
ʴ޵޹ո¶ɡ
߳
ɾ䣬ַ֮Լȥƻתȡ޹ļ£𾪵Ѫֱնɱ
һûգ
һûΪǿߣ
ҡ
ѪѪĿ˻𣬵ȴǼʧǰִģѪк֡
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ȱ𸪵׳н֮Ǳȱµ࣬ϳҵ޾ԪŬɢ
šǿ֮Ρ
ںӱߣܲʪЬ
ҲģѪĿȻأǱ߱ɫҰף¶޾߿֮ɫЪ˹ͬӲˡ
߳
ͬһüȴ㲻
˶࣬бӦ
ģҼŵ겻ǣǹģֱðۼղһĻһĻ콵ֹ£ֱֲ
Ͷ磬һѾɱ
ңڱצ±ס֮ǰҼ벻ףˡ
ʵ
ǣǵ˲ǵˡ
ã~ޱѪɫҼûѪɫ֮Уտַûʴ޵ֱӱ㽫Ҽӻɱ

ַʴ֮ˡ
ο鷸ƣֺá
ַ̫ˣɫǺڹһڣǿߣգۼҷ
ͱȣսûʲô塣
ַлǿͱһս¡
ΪԼտռؾʱǿö࣬ҪˣʲôУܺͱһϸߵ͡
ӦԴĳУɡַ嵹Ǻޱ𣬱֮У֮£ѪֵܲұҲǿߡ
ԩͷծ
ߣҲñʩչ츳УŴ򿪿ռؾڡ
ֵ֮Ʊַۡ⣬֮ޣ׿ԽǶڣֻѾ͡
ղŵĿռңʵʩչػҲһľԷϸĶ빥ͬԼ첻κ˺
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ա
ʱоǿ߻룬ҵһ֡
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ǿ޵УǿҲһϸ¡ͻƾǼʵһ޴
ܿ죬Ҿͻǿַ֮֡һЦ
ĿɨƬر⣬Ҳ˷ѣ͵ĲҪײҪ廮һ⣬ڲرУѪֵ޾ԪռĴкͱȫ
ܿ죬رǿտҲ
ˣǵĿռַָһöռָ֣Ѫһö
Щʲô



1942 ջ񲻷
ҩˮ
รռָıҲѪֵܻͦԣġ
ǣ
ַһ
ٿйâһѾ޴ԿףأϷӡƣ̲֮ŵԿס
ڶѡַһЦ
֪ܵõ֮ŵԿףվͲˡ
һԿף۸ͱ17ڿվϣмУԹ಻ʮ꣬ձ㽫
Կ׵ļ۸񣬸ˮǴߡ
ַ岻֪ѪΪ֮ŵԿףұ
ȻѪĻίȫԼϵսҲ˱𣬵·
ձ⣬ֱӾͻǿѪĿռָʶѪðգϾûʲôɲġ
֮ŵԿף1000վչۣѪѪ
սףսսѥിģԴҲߣַ嵱𻵺üûʲôƫƫѪ滻ͱַ
Ȼܷһʵ
ڣһ
ջַٰܿ콫ȫϣЩţëĴУͨﲻȥ㣬ֵվϵıн30ڿվ
һ֮ŵԿס
ֵܼ47ڿվ˰ɣ湻еġַ꣬û뵽Ѫֵ˾ˣ˵ԼǱϾֻǿߡ
һǿѣϵıҲ67ڿվѾǲˡ
ӣǰǿнΪԣˡ
İǿߣҴ13ڿվеȵ36ڿվԣ610ڿվ
ŶԣվؾǷֵġַȻһЦռؾı10ڿվ֮ŵԿףϸѪֵܼҲͲ20ڿվ
ÿ6ڿվң٣Ҳࡣ
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ȻЩȫ䵽ַ

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ѪֵЩУȻǲ·
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ңӵ׶εĽ׶ҲǷҪУ޿ȡ
Ȼɫʱ޷ףħѪַȡڤĳԼڲķ66ڿռͶá
һͷħɳ۷壬ȫڡ
ħϵá
һǿϵѪΪַԲҪϵѪȴá
ϵ츳ǰħֹ֮ԴͰϵ츳ʣħѪħֱ֮ӴԲ
ãַԣȫԺԲơ
ˡַһֱżϾĺռؾ󣬵ħѪѾԼʱ
¼пʱ䣬Բ˷ѡ
~~˫ִħѪɲǼ޾ħϢӿ֣Ժмᣬһͷ׺ݱħʱǰ˻ŷ·һС
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޾ħѪӿڣַա
ȫڰħѪ֮УħһһֱӳУ
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1943 Ѫͻ
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ҲãħҲգЩȷʵ죬ɷˡչֻгж̣ܹƽ츳ͬࡣ
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~~~İħħħѪڣȻϢظıʣϸڼ֮ϣ֮ħƲ
ָо
ӡǻһһʣö˶ʡ
Ѫ֮ƣ֮ħƱøӸأ̲淨ԴһԲʹƸܸӣѪԲ˵
ÿһѪƺħƶᷢɱ䡣
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ֵַȫĵо
ǰħ֮ձԴ򣬱ԼûҪ͸ֱӡͬĴԲвͬĲΣͺƿԣЩĿöˣȻ
Щȴȫ͵Ŀġ
ַ֮ǰٴƵһ֡
¸ħȴǵڶ֡
ħÿһһΣ͸ʣͬǴԲ磬ַͬһߡ
Ǻδܱ䣬ֻؼԴ֮ںϵȵȡ
ͬв֮ͬ
ĺʵһԼʹַ֮ԭΪԼ֮ﵽԲȫ򣬵¿
ԲúԶ
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ڲŷ֣ԭħѪģǽħÿһһΣڹ͡
ԽʵδչԽ˳޼ʡ

ַȫڰħĸ֮С
ÿһһεӳ룬õħԽԽ̣԰ħ֮ףʵϣǰַѾоԼİħܴԲ
˹֮ĸƱ֮ľ飬ַȷ
ֻҪԸ⣬ƿǱһ㣬ƿ̤밵ħԲ
ԶԶ
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һԲ޷ı仯
Ϣı仯֮ǰַδƣ˵ĸоŹâȴк˲Ϣǹ졣
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ֻҪ㹻ȫʱȥѪܣǿ߾ޣΪѪӲǿǸΣ޷ٽһ
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ǱѪͬ仯ĸоͷ
һڰʣͨ¡¡
޾ڰ٣
ȣַ˫͸һѪ֮ɫȻֱģϢȻ޾ڰ֣ƬΪ
֮ħƣ׶Σ



1944 Ծ
覵İ֮ħƣɢȵ
ɱ֮󣬾֮ƽǷȱһ㣬Ͼ֮Ϊ֮ﵽԲΪԴ裬ٲȻͬһ֮ϡ
֮ħƵƸǧ̲ż°أ˿ѷɫ֮ơ
Ȼ෴ķ۳ͬһѪԵַ죬Ȼɫƽγѭ
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ַĹϸ½仯
εԾɱ䡣
ǱѪȫѿԺֳһߴڷӰ
ˡַ岢İÿһѪĽ֣ͺԶŵӡӡԼ
Ȼء
콫ĽɫսɹâһΡĳֱһθߴͣͺֿɴ
ɲǿزַȴ΢棬ѹȸо
·ⱾԼ
ǿַ꣬⵽ĴڣŻӵֲعΪ֮
֮ƣϵŰ֮ħƣγ
Ŀоǲͬ
ڷеѪɫսĿģͺƾ޵ļѪɣһμ㡮쵶Լ
½ֻϰƤëȻ޵ڰǲΡ
ȫϰãַиоԴԼ޵֡
ֲ̫
ء
ַоһȴִĿ⣬֮һڷ˾վִѪ·͸޾ʱԼ˫ĿԣȻ
ܡַЩɡ
ڷ˾ԼѪ棬ûڻţĿԣ·ܿеĴȰͳ磬Լĺһ
ᣬǬٿͷַԾޱȡ
ݺ磬ңһԡⰵΪԴѴޣԼĵΪⰵںϣԳʱգƻ磬Ҵˡ
һ֮ʼǹ⣬ʼǰ汾Դʼ޷档

һ̾罫ض̾òһ֡
ϻͺƶһ˲䣬ַȫܸоڷˡǬϲŭ֣ǲɣ֮ġ
֮·û壬ⰵ֮ռ֮ԳѴޣң档
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ײǽͷ
ǿ߻ͷ桮ǬһᡣǽߣǽٴΣ˰벽
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Լȴܿ϶
ͬѪɡַһЦʱԺطǬ糱ˮӿ룬޾Ϣ·ҪԺû
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֪˶ã޾ѶϢȫȫӡԺӴĸַ̾Ϊֹⰵ֮İأһ޴󻭾ȫȻԼǰ
ǽԴ֮ȫȫ̫Ӵ
ԼĲΣȫİء
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ҪҲǼߡ
һ֮֮ȫǴԲ硣ַЦѣһҪֻ¾߱Ī
ӵǬѪԼ˵Ҳôѡ
ڶʮﵽʮԴ硣

ַꡣ
֮ǿ壬㿴Ҳͺäһ㣬Լ˵ǬһѣԼ¾һʸûС
·Ȼǿ
Խޣ
Ȼ֪⡮ޡʲôǬļʶԶܱȣⰵ֮ռ֮ռ֮µĶˡ
볬Ѵ޶磬ʲôôȥ롣
£ǬԣԹⰵ֮ΪȴﵽޣǬѪطǬӦû⡣
ַϲá
û뵽Ѫͻƣ˾ϲʼδ
ңϲֹһ



1945 Ǭ
壬α仯
ڽաǬӴ纣ѶϢʱַǷ췭ظı仯ѪԼٽߵΣȻɱ䡣
ԭԼֻٸһԴ֮ͻƽޡ
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ǿ
壬оܼʰַȡعʵһſŷʳ֮ǰչعʵձͣõﵽǼޡ
ˣɱõ󻯡
¸ǣǵһ˼ĵزǿʮ
ǼʱҵǿȾͿǿߡ
ڣֻܺͱǿˡַЦЦͺȻһƥ
ڵԼˡ
ַȫܸоԼĹϸǿ͵ɲزڹ֮밵֮ħƵ£γ塣
Լվͨǿ߶Լ֡
ңΪͻǰԼǿޣѪ裬ԼǼ弫ޣԶͨǿҪߵĶࡣ
ͺһ͵Ĵӣܳظ࣡
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Ҫ죬ҵʱѾࡣַȻﵽǣȻδͣ
һԪĴޣʱ޿̲ѹǹȥ֮һʱԽԽ١
ʵҲãΨǾΪ

ΣһԾǨ
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ԭԲ֮ʮԴ㡣ַо֮ԼֻܡƬӴķСȥԲһ㡪
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ȷ൱֮ʩչκؼ
Բ׶ĵײʮԴ㣬۳ԲÿһԴ㶼99999Դ໥ǣһεķ֮ϡ
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ǿһĿȻ
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ڴﵽʮԴ֮ǰȴǺʹԲûʲô𣬷֮׶·ʮԴȫֻǴؼʱףǿ
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ﵽԲѾѣﵽʮԴϼѡ
ѾƿߵĲΡ
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ڣ
ǬһУйڹⰵںϵĻַ֮΢΢һЦ뿪ռؾ



1946 
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ƽ磬ûо˵ܶȣҲûǰŨĿռȴӵһױȵĺ108ĳء
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ڵʵܶǷŨʵѾôҪѹˡۻǸ;磬εɱ䡣
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ǰ֮ħƴﵽ׶κѪΪһ壬Ĳǰϵ츳ǹ⡢츳ﵽһߵĲΡ
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ִˣǰУʱһЩʵͨˣ׷ַ幧񣬰Ǽʵ20ĳصӵߣַ֤ʵ
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¶֮ɫЩˣô˵ģĳͿʵģַʵǿõ20ĳҲʵ顣
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ӵĳصЩǿ̷֪սԷϾֻܺһλᣬսˣսʧܣ͵ô㿪ʼðա
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ֺγַһս£̷̾Ĵ򷨸պÿңһٴΣһǧΣҲʲô仯
ĹͲһʤ׿Խȷ㡣
һս֮Ҳ֪
7ĳصӵߣǿµһˣǲͽܣ۹ʶε֮ߣһ߶֪ȫ
ɲǡ̷̾Ȼƺ˵㣬̫ǿƵҸûӮҵĹ̫
̷ɵļ򣺡ץʱһ¹ַҲ޵Уʵʦƹ15ĳˮ׼㲻ûлᡣ
̷ɿЦһƱһ
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˵ٿŤͷԶ̷΢΢һȣ˳Ҳȥٿһ͵
һϤӰ̤
ַ壡̷ɾ



1947 У
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̷Ҳû뵽ײַ壬Ե
ϧûսȻʮڼҵսʸڣһԡĿ棬ս⣬ΪһǿߣԵһҫ
ǼѱһѹǼٲ磬е˵ȥˡ
Ͼһ˵ԶԶһ
սս᲻ܣ̷Ҳ
ѡĺƹΪ
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ɫȻ΢΢仮𣺡Ĺ㳡ڶ࣬ţȥһΣȻǺãܣѹһѹİѹҲС㡣
̷һϲǾ鷳ˡ
ӦӰ漴ʧ

Ĺ㳡ַܡ
ڵΣҪͷţܸӦΧһУ̷һѷ֣ʱĹ㳡лǿߣʮǿߡ
ޣַ巢춯
~~˲ưǰ֮ǰĺйһ֮Ե棬ĿԣȴǵһΡ
ĸߴйɰԵĻ֮ףȡ
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ֲ䣬˵20죬200Ҳûϵ
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1948 
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£һľ4060죡
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ͻƶʤǸַ壬˵ʵͼǿˡ
ζҪݺӮһ浱һˣ

ַˣ湻Ҹһ¡
أұԪִΣڶ֣ôӮ
䵹ûϵĺҲˣⲻǰ͸ôһҪһ͸ˡ
ˣ˾ţ»ϾİǼаҲһ䣬һӣʵδǻ¡
һһҲ޷Ƕ׷

鲻ϣһӰλóڳ׷ǰսޡ
εսۻԻǿɹԶܸߣԲݴҪ֪һĳǰʮλǲսģҶ֪ٻ䶯Ρ
飬Ѿδս
˭֪Ǽǿ߾
¡
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û˼սʤͶˣҲǹҪģôս۸ô
ûҪڶ壬ãΪóĺǹƽˡƽëߣӮóٶʲôá

5ĳء
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½Өһۣ㣬㰮ȥȥҡ
簵һЦڵƤħ˸ôŽʧʮ㣿
½Ө˫ӨӨâ޸սףͷҲַ̧ʵӦñҸǡַ壬½Ө֪ȷʵࡣ
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簵ذףǶʵкǿƣһܽӽǣĳ1012λʵɡǰеİǿߣнӽǵս
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ܴȻҽս϶ġ簵΢аһЦҿǰĺʮ֮˾ǽһԲˡ
ӰǶǼޣϵƣޡȷӦʵһսˡ
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½Өü΢΢һ
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ͣж½Өйһ˿΢΢ԥ̧ͷȥٲߡ
ҪҲȥ簵˫ֽǰЦ⡣
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ˡٿأһ֮½Ө簵޲һ̤һӰһɫۣģǡա
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ٲá

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սȻսҲ࣬һȿֺǰţ˭ҲⳡʮĴս
һۣӺĿ⣬ȫǾ۽սӰ֮ϡ
7ĳأǿǿߡ顯ǿΨһֲ֮ĳǿߣоʵ
20ĳأַ壬һһƬ䶯Ψһһ԰ʵȺģ峤࣬Ǳ츳ˡ
âսޱڴ
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ٲ߻ûء
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νһܻƫ̻ģⳡսĿһҲãһҲã䡣
ಣಣಣ
ƿȻ쳹ʱӵĻ
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1949 죬һӮ㣡
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Χ۵۾һǵɴˣѡ
ȺȻ峤ʵֻǹҸͷһʯɽһգȺȨϾ峤ͻ϶Ǳչأٴ
ųɾŵ˶һ˵ǶʯɽҲأƫա
Ͼգһ
ңһ̤ǵһ
ַҲȥȺǿȫǰ续Ůӣһ̶ɲĺˮһ˫ͫǻۡ
Դ33λ
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Ⱥн峤ͺ͸峤ʯɽĵǿߣͬԴϺеŮǿߡ
ⳡд裬Ҵ簵ٲãûɣյչ崺磬ΧɲǼʱ·Ƶġ
ΪÿһΰǼд裬ᷢѶϢ½Ө簵˭˭ٲߡ簵ȽˣӦٲߡ
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ϧ֪ѾһΪǿߡַĵ
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ˡ
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1950 Ǿǿ
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ħֻ΢ɼһѪŹâħ֮ﵽԲַ壬ܽħӾ󲿷֣ȫ׿Խ
ȻҲǾˣħϾҪѪ
Ըһ飬ַԲ˷Ѿ
ңδǬⰵں֮ȫµĹⰵַԶԶ޷ƿأʵǺ󣬵ֻһ޴
ң֮밵ħ֮ΪԲ
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ʴ޵Ҳֻʩչɽһǣһ²ǿٿںϣѳκһս
ǼͰǼȫشΡ
ħ֮ԲȻӦǶǰĺġ֮ͨ簵һۿַʵѵҲ
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⡢ϵѪ𾪵Īգ촽¶˼֮ɫ
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ҡܹ⡢ںϣ˼顣΢΢ſ촽ɢԹﲻѡ
УΪַ
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ˣСӣȡˣûʲôġ簵Ӱֱս֮ϣĿַ壬΢΢
Ǿǿߡ



1951 ҿ湻
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ǰڸַ壬ѾǾǿߣ
ʲôЦ
ǼôͻƵô
⣬⡭·ưƵģȫ˵
û˵һ˫ɨܣžȻ˵ַ壬ȷѾΪ˾ǿߡ
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ʱ˿̣ÿһ˵жڷ⣬ξһ㡣ȫԤ벻ҸͻȻ̶ɲǣһǿߣ
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һȺǿı׼
žžžףȫ׸ַ塣
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ͻƣ׼ȥ峤ַ֮һЦ۲Զ飬߼ַĿЦȴˡ
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1952 峤ĸ
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ȫԸƴĻӦúʵ࣬㲻ӦҲ˶١ַа⡣
簵Դ54
½ӨԴָһ㣬50ǿ㼷
ܴ3150ڵ
㡮ա33ĸ确ġ39֮ǰڼϮԼ塮׶ҲУ42
̤ǣҵʵкܴռ䡣
ʱڣڣʵ¡Ӧû⡣ַģϾԼһ޴ֻҪʱ䡣
磬ʩչȶҪ
ʴ޵˵Ѿȫܽƣչʵ
ܽʮȫԲɹǬһҵʵһԾʽͻơַĵ
ԼµʵԼĶ塣
꣬ǣҸĽ100ֵ300ĺԼһ׿Խַ壬
츳ʣԶʤá
ұ200ֵ600ĺѡһ֮ǰǰǼ졯Ҳˡ
һЦ֪Ƶ˵ƫˡ
ַҲһЦ
ܲ˵ôԼĶһˡ
Լ˵Ƕƣĺ׿ԽԼĿǰȱġ
ĺǱߣʲôҪͶ˵ܻ㰲ŵġַ壺мãǰʹá
ַʱһ
⣬ġ̫֮ͨǳ޷ץס衣͵´ĺ25죬ʱʹɡ
˼ǣ
峤Ҫָ㣿
ַʱϲл磡



1953 ĵ
֮ͨ磬ѡ
ѾȫƿߵĲΣַ嵶֮츳ףҲ40%δȫ쵶ڶС
εࡣ
ΣԾҪ
񾮵еܣֻܿһھգеܿƬܿľƬ硣
25죬ܸپͿˡ峤ҡһָʱһɫ۶֮ǰķɽȻͬ
һ׿Խ
ɢƣ峤;뼫Զɫȴһ˫ε˫ƿţַܿ巢𹥻

¡ַ˫ͫ峤ʩչĽûκֻǵĽУԼܿ챻뵽ִĸо֮С
ͺһ˫εָ֣Լ
ڵ뽣Ľ֮УԼԼܸо֮ͨľ裬ǿеǳ޾еĽʯ
򣬴
ַܿУŵ֮ͨ硣
Եȷߡ峤ͫһЦۼô˺ᣬȺԣһϲ¡
ڵ֮ͨ磬ɡ
ʮ죬߳ɡ
峤Բ̵ְַֽȫ˵ѡɵ߳ɻף߳ɵųɣҪķѵʱʮˡ
ҪӾųʮɣٱʱ䶼
οʦţڸˣַʦͽ㲻ϣֻǼ˺󱲣һ¡
ϣվҪ¶һĨս⡣
ԾԾԡ
Ϊһֻصգȫ׼ʱյ֮һֻʱҪǿ̫ࡣ
ʿգõ壬֮顯Ҷһֻսݡ

磬ַΪǿ֮£ȫ
Щ˲ţֱλ峤棬ʽ£ȺΪ֮ڣÿϲʤŨŨԺС
˴Ⱥǿ࣬Ҳֻ߸
壬Ϊ½ȺͬˡߡԴޡ
ǿ
ûǳս̫û۸ˡ
ǰַ˿ˣǰʵ۷壬ǿߣַǰ֮ûС
˵ַ˵ʵԺͺء
һԣһȺճûȡÿһ˶ޱԺɣϾǶȺһӡ
±ַܵ飬ҲûκԹ֮ġ
簵˵һǿ߻ܣʲôöģĺȫԼ̰ģַġ
νĲ
ʱַ壬ڶ͵Ǳ̶̲ʱ䣬֮ͨѹ40%ӽ50%ٶȼ졣
ÿһɫĽ棬ַࡣ
һԵȷˣһͻƾ֮εַԭ֮ٲȻû谭ټ峤͵Ŀ̵ָڻͨ
һʱ䣬˵峤͵Ľ̵˵ַ彫֮ǰ޷һֵ磬峤ڹ͡ɽڻΪ֮ˮա
ʱٶȣġ
֮󣬾ٶȻ𽥼ֱԽԽ٣ֻ峤͵Ľ̵ٽ̵Чʾöࡣ
Ϊʲô峤̵ַֻ25һԭ
Ϊ25Ѿˡ
߳ɡ峤Ͷַ嵶֮ͨȣ⣬ϾǴ㿪ʼ֮ͨ100%ģʶ̶ͺ
Ȼȵʱȴһ
ΪַĸȣȫԤڡ
ٶȣӦ𽥼ǣߵܾȻûм΢΢죬ͫ͸⣺ԣڼʱΪǿߵԵʰɡ
ÿ˶һճĳţˡ
ʶЩԾҲڳܷΧ
Ȼʱһȥһһ𾪡
Ϊַľٶȣֹûڼӿ죡
˼
ǰߵѾ򳬹߳ɣھӽ˳ɣЩӦȻʧЦҪ֪ԽԽѡ
ǰľͺһƬɳ̲һץһѡ
ľ磬ɳ̲еɳȫмǺţʱҪһһѡЧǼ࣬ųɺ󣬸Ҫһһȥ
ĵ̾͡
ǿһ£ֻ֤ٶȿ죬֮϶˸ߣȴһĵֹͣٶȼ죬ʩչǿս൱£
ȴַ֪嵶֮ߣҲ




1954 ʮĳɹ
쵶
Ǭ洫ڵĵأԷǵСҪ֪ǬεȾ磬εݣĵͨͲӳѪ֮ˡ
һ׼սĶС
һΪһУͣʩչϰܸ򵶷磬൶ȽһսУֵߵͲһҪ򾳽ȴס
뵽һȴټ
ԭ쵶ַȫڵе֮Уһ峤͵Ľ̵һ쵶ľ
غһ໥ڣ˵һһԶԶڶȻǿ졣
һ㣬һ㣡ַоΧȫǵ⾳ǰɫԽԽģȡ֮ս
⡢һĪںͣɪ
ԭǵСçءСޱ⾳غϣΪ֮ˮȫӿԺ֮Уһַ御С
սٱ䣬
Ȼɱ䣬СξĵаأȻӵоǼΣַĸ;磬֮ǰȻͬ
쵶أÿһرһС
Ψо絽˷һУַ֮ǰ򵽵ڶУһУҲǿһУ100%֮ͨġξ
ϧʱѾ
ʮ죬գ۱Ѻȥ
~ҲһɫһǷɻشǰ࣬꣬̾ѡ
ֲ̫
̶̶ʮ죬ԶԶԤڡ
֮磬ÿһɶһƿ㣬Ҫѣ߳ɡ˳ɡų㡣вκˣƽ
֮ǰַԤѾܸߣɣ߳ɡ
Խ󣬺ķѵʱ䶼ʮٱƣ
ַ岻ֹ߳㣬˳㶼ǿɱȿ߳ʮֹһУķԪŹɡ
ڿųɣҲû߸ܴڡ
ֳַ츳ʣѾ㹻𺧡
̾ΪֹͲһЦʿϼһҪ֪ôһţֻ»ñס
ͺͽʿʣʮּҡ
˵ȺıƴһԸͬΪȺѹԷһͷ
ˡִַս˺ܶ࣬û峤͵Ľ̵ƾ쵶ʵס
һأϼѡ
80%100%峤̵˵ҲҪüꡣַһЦ֪֮ͨԽԽѣ峤æޱؽ̵Լ25죬ʵѾĪĶ顣
ǿ֮·׻ҪԼ
ʮ죬Լ֮ͨ30%ڣѾ80%ʮٷֱȣǳ
л̵ַ֮֮ͫ⾳΢΢ס
ȥɣú׼͵
ţ
ú׼
ַ˲ף֪峤˼֮ǰԼʵ㣬ҲǸһж޷Ⱥ̫ס
ڣͬˡ
˵ǵ֮ͨ80%սѾһأ峤ԼµʵӦ簵ʵϡ
ԼʵѾ㡣
ΪԼӵĵС쵶
ԼֻǸոո쵶ľ磬Ҫ100%طҪһʱϤϰʵضս
峤ַͣ漴뿪͵
ԼѾ峤ܶʱ䣬Ͼ峤кܶҪæԼ̲ͬݻտڼ˵峤͵ʵǿֱӾջ
ÿһտǸȺһϴơ
˽յ£Ȼޱؽ̵Լ
ݶ飬ůġ
ʱȥĺˣȥַ2ĳسȥԼ綫ʼЩİĤͶʯɽϤܶࡣ
һʯ籾Ըºͣһĳһ⣬Լʯģ·һ׽
Ⱥ񣬻ǶʯɽڴϾһ˿϶æ
æùҲûʱ
ĺʱη䣬ɶʯɽһ־ĳһ淴ӦλõĸߵͣĺҪʲȻȨλߡ
Ͼ峤һ塣
ϾԴе25λĳǿߣʤա
һĺʱȥսַȻȣϾսãʱиʺϣĺҪһЩ
ѾҲһʱ˶ƿ
쵶ܸоЩ˵֮
ӳѪ֮У˵Ӧýֻôһסͨĵвǡ




1955 Լֱ
2ĳأʯɽۡڡ
ˣ
ܣ˭ģܻã
ǵĺûôࡣ
Įдһ˿꣬޷ĿɲУļɢɱ¾Ϣǲġ
ǡ峤ġʯɽԥһ£˵
ʯɽܣ峤ÿζģҲˡ磬һֵܣʲôżɽ
ʯɽȻ峤ģĵܣһߵܡ
ߵܣ
üͷһš
½ľǿߣַ塣һֱ֮УȺôҲ֪ͽ60ĺ֮¡
̫⣬ĸĮע
ʶַͻƺ峤͵簵ˣΨûģǲĿַ壬簵ͻƣҲһĮ
ʹȻ
һҪꣿɫÿһĺʮ꣬һֻʣһ꣬һĺҲ˵õꡣ
ࡣʯɽַ֮ö˰ꡣ
üͷ
룡
ԭôںʮ겻ָһ˲ռܲܿĺʧȻʧʹˡ
ʶһֵĺ˵Ҫ
һʱǸӽһɵʵ
Ҫ֪ԲڵʵһѾܴ󣬱ͨǿȫʵ࣡
峤µġĲǱ֪¼峤£ٲ֣ĺķѭһԭȵȵá
ַֻǰǿߣ滻
ַͬҶǾǿߣ޵λߵͣ峤Ҳһֻ峤˵ĺѾôҪ
û취һȰɡʯɽ
ٿأ˽븩峤ַˡ
ַ壿
ʯɽͲһ

ʯ磬ĸ硣ַ΢Цк
˰ߵܡʯɽˬһЦȴǲ⣬֮ǰ֪ܵظַз㡣
ʶһĺһַ塣
ܴͬǾǼ𣬵ַϾǸ룬ģ½ӨѾΪǿãͬĺʱЧͬ
ߵܡҲǵͷ
˼ĸ磬֮ǰ»벻Ҫϡַ嵹µͬһȺϣá
С»ޣá
˵Լ̫ߣԸԵ䡣ֱӵɫ䵭ϲŭ֡
м£ϣߵӦС
ַޣ£
ҾͲĨˣһµĺһҪȫøҡ
һĺ
ַ΢΢һʯɽ
ߵܣ峤Ԥһĺʱ䣬ǵһһꡣʯɽ
~~
ַǰһ
һĺʱ
Լ˵һ׿Խã
Ҫ֪峤Լ600ĺһԼܵõ100죬ټ֮ǰʣ£Ӯõģܹ840졣
ÿһĺʱޣܹʮ꣬3650죬Լһ˾ռ840죬оǿߣǿߣǿߣ£Ҫõĺ
ǷֳĸȷݣǼ900ҡ
Լһռ365죬֮ǿռеʱٶˡ
ߵͻƣҪõĺڸǳȴȹ̾ʵĿ棬һãôɡ
ַüͷһ塣
ʯɽҲа̾Ρ
ĵܲĸֱƢԻ𱬣κ˷׵ˡ
⣬ߵܣĵܾƢʲô˵ʲô˼ʵʯɽǳԲ
˵ʵ䣬ַ壬΢΢ףҪΪĿһУǿ֮ݣŸ̤Ǽ𣬵Ͱ
֪ţܳΪǼģûһǴġ
ڵʵܻԶúȹһ¾磬ʱҪǺȡ
ַɫ䡣
ָʹʢ˵̬ȣԼϲġ
ȻĸĶԼġޡֻ˵ôϾԼӮ飬û˵Լȷɨ档
£Ҫһ
ղԼ飬ƣԼ
򲻻֣ڣԼ
ֱԼֱ
Լһĺû⣬ԼҲһУֲһְ꣬Ҳԡ
ڡ
˼ĸ磬ȻҵĺʱԵԼַЦŲģ˿е׹⡣
һʱ
һҲ



1956 Ի
أǾĵġ
ʯɽͫһϷȥܿͱ˵ߣҲˡóеĲƣ˵⣬ַ֮ǰʵܲˬ
ƫƫַҲǸӲͷӲ
һʼʯɽַ֪ʲôƢЦܸϵģַԸôַҲͷ
Ҳһ
ĸûƢ
Խż£ԽǼţ
ܺã˸Ҹô˵ˡĲŭЦе׹ȴǺΣһݵţ峤ǿˡ
һΪĵνţȺô
Ȼҡͷһʧ
ַһЦĸ磬Ҫ뷨ȥжˣ㣬ңı׼ȷģҵı׼ҲһǴġ
ߣΪ۹峤ô
ƺҲ峤ھİɣ
ǹսַ㲻
ɫԵЩѿԷΨЦߵֹܲ츳ڲŸ˵áܺãĸĿԴߵ㵽ʵͽ
ЩŭѰסƢ
˱˶ײѾǵʲôʱˡ
ûʵ硭ĸ֤һ£ַȻЦݣеսȴǺΡ

ƽһס
һһֱ⡯ʯɽɫҲǱˣ򲻿³çߵܣ


ķ·ЦЦƵģоЦֹ֪֪˭ǲģ⣬ҳΪ¾֪ôô
ս
ҲһѪܵɱ¾͵
ңԴ39
սң
оǸ߰Բмںַս
ʲôݣһǵˣս

Ȼƾǿ߰ͷ緶һ㡣
ַȴ޶ԡ
ʽ㷢սĸ磬ôַģŨŨս⣬ʵ֮Լ֪ԼʵھǼһΣ
Լܱ簵ǿ½Өǿǿĸô
ַ֪
䣬Ҳǳĸıͨսɱ¾һٺòд֡
һսܳɣ˵аһס
ţ
ʯɽм䣬֮ɫ
ȰԺΪ󣬵ʯȰ
ǿˣַͲȻâã浶ʵǹһⳡԹ˽ᡣ
ַս֮£ʯɽǲס
һʱ֮
ַ֪ȻǸ嶯ˡ
ѵʵѾӮģ
ܡ
½Ө簵֣ǲĵĶ֣Դе39λ˵ǿɱȵձƵַǱ׶Ҫǿ
ȷҪսֱַ壬ãٿ¶һĨЦ⡣
ԡַͷ
ӦҲǲԣһĺһ
ַ΢΢һ
ôӮͽʱõøɴ࣬Ҷľͻɽˣ
ַȻ
飬ĸѪֱ365
ÿһʮ꣬ǿ߶ֵܷ100ĺʵ365ĺѾܶࡣ
ңļ
е˰ɣĵܡʯɽüͷһ壬Ȱ
ƳʯɽȻҪսңҪ׼ûҪ׿Խֻĺѣ˵365첻ࡣ
ҪҪĿˣԡ
Իۡ
ǡʯɽȰ
磬Һ¡ֱʯɽòʣܾ˱ǣҲĺεѲɻǿһСһ
ַЦЦ˵Ҫܾô
ߵܣʯɽһ
òܰɣĵʵɲܱ֮ȵġ
ޣΪ⣺е㵨ɫǴӦˣ
ַȻʧЦôӦĸװǲðɣҸһĺأ
ͬһ̶֣꣬Ĵһӣֱַ壺ֹˣӮңһصġƏ쾧㣬ֵͬ׿Խ
ˣռ˰ɣ
ַͷǺãôؾˣɶ֤ˣûɡ
ʯɽ̾һҲΡ
Ҳﻢ°
ҲȰǡ
ˣɣдһҲδǼ¡ʯɽЦһĿɨĺַ壺ʱͶһһĺһ죬Ǿô
û⡣ã
ַĿӣսȡ
һһս£



1957 ܳҵ
뿪󣬴оֻʣַʯɽˡ
ߵܣʵңûаսʤģʯɽʵ
ûСַЦ
ʯɽһ̾㻹ô嶯ĵ˽⣬飬ʱ˷۱Ǻοأ
ɣ½磬ȥĵ˵˵תء
ַһů˶磬ɷһԼȳ׷дһѣ䣬ĺҲԼˣô
ʯɽ˼Ҳǡ
İңʣһɷٰҶలһĺַ
⡭ʯɽüͷһһ඼Ǽߵʱ䣬̶ܼѵ䣬ҿ
õģ鷳ʯˡַ
ʯɽͷҪȴ֪˵ʲôΨһ̾
ţȻЩƢ

͵
裬һⰻȻӰ硣
һһսôĿһ¶һĨЦ⣺Ҿ֪Сһﻹ˵ơ
֮ͨ80%硣
ҪӮ½ӨϣӮġ
䣡䣡䣡
ɫٿر͵ݺᣬޱȡ
ҿ㵽жʵн죬ޱȻȣˡ
ռҲȫѣ

սĸ磿簵ɴ۾զ಻ѣþδ߽ҡҡͷַ壬첻µز£ĸ綼ս
ȵȣԡ
Ǹ³ç嶯˰Ȼսĸ磬Լ£ûһҲûУٲãҲмˢӻǱߡ
ԡڱһǿˣ
뵽⣬簵ʱĳ˳ˮ䣬𾪲ѡ
ֻսĸûУ
ⲻܣ
ֻǸ̤ǣܳҵġ
ܣ
簵Ȼɴ۾
ֹ簵өգһȫյϢͲܣһʮʮ٣ϢܿϯȺ
ǿߵĶݣ
Դޣټ
Ƕս˫ص㣬һǰսʤųƲ¾Ĳģһͻ𣬷˼̤Ǽĳַ塣
̫עĿ
˵ⲻͨд衣
Ǻǣǿ϶֪ǿǶһĺ
ҵ죬һꣿ
ǧȷΪ黹ȥ˲ûзϣ
ˣһĺǴֱʰǾǿҲҪʮС
ַҲ湻ģҲˣǿǲû˵ܹһΣǸ峤ԴбȲߣҲһӮ
Ȼóսģ̤ǼѾԪַ˲Ÿ̤룬ôǲ֡
˭ַ˲أѵ飬ʦͷˡ
׷ס
һ󼴽ⳡԾޱȵڴƽʱܼǼսⲻͨд裬Ϊһĺ浶ʵǹ
ʱַ壬ѿʼĺ
һԭµģʱ䣬һ25죬һ15죬ʯɽ̫̣򣬵ַ˵ʵҲˡ
Ȼ״̬һ㣬ķѽһ죬ַѽƿĹʥ֮Բ
죬⻷֮Բ
ʮ죬֮Բ
ڶʮ졭
Բˡַ峤һ25޿ǰ֮ҲԲ
Ԥп졣
ַۣ⡣
˵ٶȱȵһνҪܶ࣬Լ֮Уٺ͹֮ѣǹ⻷͹֮ǹʺ͹ҫ֮
һν룬ǹ⻷͹֮ĸ򣬱֮ǰٹ֮öࡣ
Ϊˡ
ΪѪԲǿˡ
һսû룬ӮҲҲգС
һ15ʱΣ֮ȫԲȻԼöʯɽæһĺǷַܻҲ֪ԺС
ĺĸȷ֡
Ȼʱ䲢̶һһ궼֮µģóҲһ죬ֽ׶¥ʽʱ䡣
Ҫʱ״̬ġ
ʽá
ʮ칻ˣȻ޷֮ȫԲ֮ԲԵ׶εĹ֮ƣ֮ǰںϾ飬ҿԳԴԲ׶εںϡַĺһԾ
ȻнСʱԼѾҪ
ʮڰ󡣡
꣬ϰ쵶ڻͨ
ѵʩչ塣
ַͷ
ǿǿȻӮĵĿԲߣ߾ȫ



1958 ֮Բ
뿪ĺ
ߣʯɽ˫֣ȻٲȻڵȴ
ʯ硣ַ΢Цк
ջСʯɽˬһЦַļ
šַͷ
֮Լϰħ֮Բھǿ֮ж̳
һǿ߲ô֮ԲΪôʵޡ
ʸߵͲһܹ֮ʼѣ⻷֮һ㣬֮ʼ̫̫ࡣ
һľǿߣһǿ׿Խ
̤ǣĺİǺܴġʯɽĵΪߴطȫں֮·ʶĺҲкܴ󡣡
ԣҪϡ
ַЦЦףʯ硣
ʯɽͷüͷ΢壺һĺ֮£ΪѶ£ѵĩԺٸģȻǵļ죬ӦҲôҪɡ
ַţ鷳ˣʯ硣
ʯɽȻһЦ֮£ˣİתøˡ
ַһ
ʯɽһʮĺԭһһģڶǰãҺգ£Ҳȫת㡣
ַܿס
ʯӦǹԼ䣬԰һԼ
ϾÿÿʮĺޣԼѾһȥˣζûˣԼĺʱʣ໹кܶࡣ
ʯ磬ǶøԼζԼȥ
Ҫĺ͵õʮˡ
Ǹ顣ʯɽǺһЦǲͬŸ̤ǼԼĺʵҺջãԪˣʮٽ鲻ʲô
лʯ磬ҲҶл㡣ַиж
ûʲôлģǽҪģǰġʯɽװ۾һɡ
ǵȻַЦ

ʱ䣬ɳ۶
ַ彫쵶ڶССԧޡ룬ڵСçءģδ漰
Ͼµ֮ͨҲŸ80%
80%ľΣֻ40%ĵڶСףҪ60%ĵСԧޡҲйоأҪ80%ĵСçءЩˡ
Ȼνֻʱ⡣
ȵУѵĵط絽ˣֳɵĵпѧϰࡣ
쵶ϾͨС
ʮʱַ֮ȥ꣬൱ʱ䣬δСԧޡС
ܷӳ˳Ҳˡ
ңԧ޸ع밵ϣ̫ࡣַԼǡںϡ
밵ںϣ̫ѡ
ѪɫУȻѡ
ԣеҪطǬ
ֻҪһںһΡַ岢żʵģֻҪ꡶Ǭһʵ
ʱȫܳģ
ʱ䣬ȥĺˡַʴ޵תȥ

15ĺܶݡ
ַ״̬ͺȥ죬Ͼʱһֱϰ쵶׼ȷ˵ꡣ
Ҫ״̬ת״̬ס
ǿн룬ٶ谭޷ӵʮɡ
15죬㹻ˡ
~~ַǳ޾ҫ֮УβһһεķΪһƬӸ£ڻͨ
ٿȻ䣬һַ֣¶Цݡ
ȫ뷨֮Уȫϸ͸ޱȻøоһķ֮ӡԺ޾֮ȡ
~~~
ҫ財
ڣˡַ΢΢Ц
Լҫ֮ʲ֮ǰ֮Ļķʮʱ䣬Ǵﵽ˴ԲΡ
ȫĵȸԾһ֮֮С
ӣ·һߣγһĻħƸʤ࣬εʵ֪ࡣ
֮ȫԲ

ַ͵ؼӿ죬޾֮ĺȫǻඥĸоԡڹ֮֮С
ޱȵʣޱȻá
׶εĹ֮ƣȸԾŴ֮ɫҲ΢΢仯
䡣
ͷϣ֮ӡ֮УʮĿ
ڡ
~~
֮ͬŹ֮ӡǣӡÿһϸÿһƬÿһ֮ϣȫ˹֮ӡǣͺƱ֮Դͬ
˻Ȼһ£ȫɱ䣡
ĸҪߵģԴں֮·ôַһЦ



1959 ɰ
Ĳ
ַһʼûⷽ淢չûпȥоע⣬˵ֻǬһ衣
ԭͬһԴ֧ȫԲ֮󣬻ᷢı仯
ÿһں˹֮ӡǣΪĻ
֮Դޱ
~ַſ֣˲һһֱѹƥĹⵯٿ磬Ҫ֪ǹ֮Դ
֮ԴĻȡٿأܣ޴󡣡ַꡣ
ʮϡ
ԼĹ֮ѪƺҲ仯һԭԼЩѵĹ֮ںϣ׾١
סַԹ֮ƿأѵһȫµľ硣
ৣ
ۣʶ׾ٵؽ֮Դ
ҪĺܽС
ĺ֮Уȹȥʮֹޱ߹ֿ֮ɼַҪԴ˴һЩطҲ˳
ֻǣûҪ
ܹĸı䡣
ԣҶԹ֮Դޱ׺ͣ׿ơ
ԭ֮ȫԲַȫ벻仯ʵ޴Ψһ鷳ǣŹ֮Ѫ仯֮򷴶ˡ
һϲһ
ʵǽֻͣҹ̫֮ǿ
屻֮ӡÿһϸ֮УͰų⣬ųĸֻ˵Ȼѹơ
ַΡ
Լɱоǹ밵ںϣһ֮սԼ¾ͷӲȫˣϾѹƵ̫
ֻʱַҲ⡣
Լ֮츳ȹ֮һĺԼһʱ䣬ȫ׾ٸ֮ͬð֮Դ٣ʶ̤㱾Դ󣬰֮ӡȫ
ֻǲ֪
֮ӡǺͰ֮ӡͬʱӡϸ֮У᲻ܲˣ
ǬˣûҳܲסַĵǬʵʮ̫ףȻҲᴴطǬ
Թ⡢ĸѴﵽޡ
ͷȻֱַҲѡ
аʱ䡣
ţú׼ĸһս
䣬ҲҪȫԸǿս
ַԲʹ䡣
£Ϊ

ַĺг󣬱չظ֮֮ںϣµϵͷ򣬸쵶ʵȲ
ʮʱڣʱ൱ꡣ
ӵԴʯַȫܳʱٴľ޴ѹȻʱڣƶʲôЩѣȴٺò
֮ںϡ
׿Խʹá
죬ַ忪Ц
׿ԽʵȻҲֱӴҡ
գǱ峤͸Լġ
Ψл֮ʩչ֮ŭҪͨռ䷨򡮽ɱʩչռ졯˵
Ҫ֪ռ䷨򡮽ɱѾǿռ䷨Ｋߵȵˡ
൱ǿķ򹥻
Դޣռ䷨򡮽ɱǿһֶҶһĴʶ׿Խ졯Ʋʵƾֻ֮ǸߵȾ
¡
赺ϡ
ɡ֮ŭ֮ǿĸһսеϣ
ʱ䣡
һĿʱᱻƳǱ
ƩĺʱƣԽʱ޽ǰַԽ̣Խ졣ڶ̶ʮʱȫ֮
£ĸɽبǰ
ʹַǱȫȻ
ޡ
֮ںϣ쵶ϰ׿ԽաַһһԼعʵʱȫմ
ҲȥڶһһЩϡеعʵϾҲҪʱա
ߣھΣΣҪǾߵ͡
ʱ䣬ָš
~һֱ۵ַվоȫڣУͺһѲڵеıһʣء
ϧʱ䲻
ٸһʱ䣬ɰܹĸ硣
ٸʱ䣬а˳ɰջĸ硣
ٸʮ꣬ٷְ١
ַмš
ֻɰգ֮ǰԤƵѾߺܶ࣬Ҫ֪ǰַԤԼʤ಻һɡ
Ȼֻɣȴ֮
һŲ޴޿֮
һлᣬʵв࣬ڴΧ֮ڡ
Ҫǡ
Ʋȥⳡдս㣬ַԼʵ͸壬ʮȹ̾Ǽʵ;硣
ʱսʤģ
Ȼֻɡ
ĸ磬ҪӮҲô׵ġ
ַ΢뿪ۡ
ؽȫԸ



1960 ûаܵ
ɽ˺
սޣδй֣սΧˣ˼ǰˣΪռһλã˷׷װ̾üȴǾԽԶԽ١
ǼĶս
Ϊˣ峤ʯɽػʮ˽ܴǿҲǵ˹άСʮ˽ܴ޷ֵսĿըֻҪ׼Сʮ˽ܴ󣬵Ҳް
ȺҪµģ˼ȫˡ
ǧѷһս
ӲĳΪǿߺ󣬱δϹսޡǿĳصλǰԴģҲǺܹƽ
ҶԾǿ߶ԣĳλҲֻǸѡ
ˣȺٿط֮ʱһĿ۽ֻòϹްȻ٣׿Խսסһ˫Ŀâ
ǿƣ
ôԶѹҴˡ
̫ˣֻ»ᱻѹƬɣ
̫ˣѾ̫ãһֱδ֣һ˶սȨˣý˻֪һʵǿ
ַҲǳͣδйһˣڶ̶ʱͻƾǵأ츳Դ޶Ƿëǣ˵峤硣
ôַҲֻ츳ãԪʮԪܺͲӮһǲ
˵ûֲ֧
ȺУųɾŶһǿߡ
һʮ΢ʱͬգַѾǼ𣬳ΪȺȻֲַ֧ҲûʲôС
ÿһǿߣȺı־
ַͬ壬Щ׵ĺͯǿǣַ˵Ҳӽһ
ֻⳡսУǻֲ֧
ַҲˣڲ󲻾ãַҲҪľԲٵݶ֣һɳ۶
̤
ַս֮ϣͺһǼ׹󺣣ȴƫеͣɲǣһ˿δĿѵޱĵز
ϢޣУһͨһһһһ
ͲưԵȻͬ
ַ˸о׺Ͱ
ǰͨһһϢоء
ܾЩ㿴ƣһ޴ַסˡ
㶮ʲôǧοڵĶҲǿ߶Ըãǿ֮һôҲûУûַɣɫƽô
Ҳǣ̫̼ˣûʼѾս֪˭Ӯ
˭Ӯûʲôַ˲ǲĶ֣ΨһĿַڲмֶá
һߵ
һˣϷǳϣַܻʤҲ֪΢΢ΪַҪԵģǳѾãԴе39λĳǿߡ

һս
룬κһжˡ
ַûǱȽģӦգ־״̬²Ϊַκвһ˿ȫԸ
ֹҪӮҪӮƯ
仹δɱ䷨֮ҪӮһ̤Ǽˣʲô¡жַʵЩʵġ
һһӡսǼģмղΪ˵֮
ַȴһһ̨ףɾͳΪ˾ǿߣƿûУֲУòкܲ
ҲԼţ
Ѫ츳עҪ̫ѡ
츳ҿܱȲ㣬ĳһϳң졪
һ㣡
ȼܻ棬־
һսûаܵɡ

ಣಣಣ
ӰӴϢѹ٣ǿȲʱƴ
Ϊһθͦһʯɽ˾ͺƴصĻ
ʯɽ
ʯɽ԰벽Ķţһȹ󷽵ա
ĩģһһҷֱ½Ө簵ĸǿߵĵʱóմﵽ߳
峤峤
Ϊ׵ʯɽ΢΢ף̧ʾգǺһֻͨڡ
Ϊ֮һ
ʲô˼
ַٿһչԶֻƿ֮Ϯһ̤ɫİȻӰͣڰգһɫ˫֣ͨһĳȴռ·̡
ޱ߽ɢͺǽĻ
峤峤μ峤
޲һȴû뵽峤ͻ׼ݹ٣еˣӳ峤һ涼û
֮սٲá峤͵Ȼڡ



1961 ֮
ͷһΣ
峤Ϊٲߡ
ַͲΪ֮һ㵣û뵽ǵд裬峤ͶǾҪ֪峤ѾչӼãǲ¡
֮սֻͨд裬۽ΣĵߵĪмǺޡͿڣҶֵܣעʲôľ˰ɣǿЦ
ǣ硣ַͲӦ
ЩʣҲΥ峤͡
ϾⳡдսӮ漸ǰٷְ٣ֱȥġ
͵һĺҳΪͷ20ֵԣҪΪûעͿ㣬ֻҪ̤սޣͱȫԸ
ַ尵
峤Զ㽫һսƽҶԼĸĶûʧһˣΪһ֮
һʯɽҲǻһЦ
Ϊ峤ȺΪأԲϣַͲֽϾһǱޣһжһսνơ
Դ£ǽ峤á
֪ĵƢԣ棬治һѹͷޡ
ãߵʧͲˡ½Өһ˿
峤ƫߵܰ簵̾ĿͶַĽ˾ߵһѣϾĸ˵õʵһֻǴ峤ˡ
½Ө峤˵ĸǿҲãߵǿҲãȺǿ
簵ͷʵһǱȽ֮ǰĶעĸԣߵһ·̫죬ЩƮƮȻˣʵѵʵбҪġ
½Өףߵôһ³çˡ

嶯³ç
Ŀˣ
һַսģ֪ٴαԲȥһǿߣﻹǶַһ΢ʡ
ϾһĽ
һս
ΪȺ˼๱ף
˭ϣӮ
ң˭ΪӮ
峤ڡ
ԣվ˳ʵذַһѣڣǰַ塪
ȴδ
׼ôĿɨˡ
ৣৣ
սߵַͲģսȻҪԣжǱһС֮ͷڣ㵽ΪֹĪҪ֡
ʼ
׵֣Ƽž
սǼ죬ıһ׿ԽսסųޱطȻͷţսޣһͷԶޡp䡯Ȼ֡
ţǣβаֱۣ۾
Ϊػޱȿ£
׿Խսסܷ100%
Զޡp䡯һ㣬ƥоǿߣpԴصƿأ׿Խpļǿս
~~ͬʱ䣬ַ֮Ҳչ
Ϊռ׿Խ֮ܲp֮ǿʱȴԱѹһͷ
ҵĿռ費ַĸĵp֮ϴ֮ƿǿ
һ֣·硣
ʵַȷģ˽֪ʶҲû⡣
һɲǣ۾ȴǵɴ
~~~~֮չɫâִأ֮Ӵӳ⣬͵ؽp֮Ƹǹ
ͣϣ
ƬռҲ֮Ķÿռûޱȣʱp֮ƣ޷ȥʱǷͥ
ŶռңʯɽĴǿһۿס
ռһֺܲķеȷȴмʵԡ
Щѣ׿Խϸۡ
𣡡ıp仯Ϊʵ
УַӴٱ͵س彫ϣǰʱ岻ϱСȴϾ⣬ͺƽе㡣
߳
צֱƿն
ϮдŴط򣬹ͬŴطǴصĻ
ͺƵ޿ƥС
ȻԲٻp䣬pҲܻ⣬ֻpһ֮ѪȫȡˣҲǲġ
ĵĴжǿpŻжǿ
ǲӵз֮ΪرԴϣʱpΪػġp䡯
߳
ַʴ޵ʡ
Ƶʴ޵һչܣȫչѽӽͨ׿Խַ׶εĹ֮ƣսȻ¶ɡ

ַΧŨ֮ԪأͺһȻĴ壬޾չ֮Ԫأ֮Ԫء
ϣ
뵶ϣ֮Ԫصϣ֮ԴϣַĻԴ𡮴ػpǿ
ʲô
֮
ɣ
ôܣ
峤ڣҲǺȻɴ˫ͫһھǿȫ𾪡



1962 ֵõ
֮
Ψоһȫ֧ŻᱻԴ裬൱֮ѡϾͬķÿһ֧Ըͬ
ʶԴȫǿߣӵз֮Ҳʮ
УΨ峤ͺ͸峤ʯɽӵз֮峤աûУĿط֮ѾԪ󹦳ֻһ֮
£ĺȿ
տǰӵз֮ʱԴ֮ƿؽһµľͲΣϵ׿Խ͡ս
ʵһϡ
׿Խշӣսɣɣ
¡
ôҲû뵽Լδܹɵķ֮ȴһǼ𲻾õϣԿ
ֱĿࡣ
˼顣峤ҲΪ֮ꡣ
ַ֪츳ԾˣҲδַ˶̵ʱӵз֮ٶȣ걩ԴȫǿߣԼڡ
֮Ǿǿ֮С
ǿߵı־

ַһ֣쵶ڶС
쵶ǿǹⰵںϵУǹ⻹ǰҲвܣϾǬĵεǿ
ַµ֮ͨѴ80%ڶľȫչ֡
䣡䣡䣡
ַĵpײ棬ʯƥpŭȴǵֵסַ֮Դһһѹƣ֮ǿ֮ͬһѹ
Ҫǣֻһһ׿Խѡ
ǿҲܲʵӰ졣
䣡ַ巴һշ·Ƶģâཻp˺Ѱ˲ᣬ˲ʱˣĺ󷽡
ʱĲģͫսԽԽ
ͷβû
ΪΪֵַεһˣp׽ܡ
ˡ
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Ǹǿ
Ϊ簵ֻܺpƽ
ַ壬ȴǽp
û뵽̶ʱ䣬ʵѾֱ׷áͫȻһս죬кȻһѾ޴ޱȵġһɲĽƣ̹ᾡ
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ĵ磬Ǵﵽ峤ͿС99%ĲΡ
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ֻϧһ൱֮ѣȴ099%Ҫѵö࣬ǿ߶1%֮ϡ
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ڣذɡַ࿴ԲΪַкƥеʵаٷְٵģڽַܡ
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׿Խĸ£绢ҡ
ĵһս
䣡ս޾ط򣬱Ұãսޣ缫ߣ⾳ʱȴѷһ룬ͺƱסƵġ
ôĵɴͫš
ĵԶԶַ壬ȴ޴ʹĸо潻ӣϣ֮ԴرԴײѵԪĴҴܣʮ˽ܴػȻ鷳ʹˡ
ҾͲˣҧгݣս߰
ڶУã
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ȻȴȻַ£˵ķʹòʮסΡ
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ĴʧɫôҲûΡ
ĵУǿľУͺסֽһȫ޷ʩչǰַ㡮СԶѷÿһȴĽĵл⡣



1963 һǵ͹
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峤ͣ峤ʯɽգǾȻѣֻõഥս⽻棬ԪرԴ񹥻ȼңĿõ
ǣȴһ
Թ壬ȲԼҪͨ͸öࡣ
þĵС̾
ȫѹơʯɽ꣺ĵܵĵԶʤַ壬ӦȡʤκõҲǵ⾳̱ͨͬӣ⾳ѹƣѷӳˡ
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ϣ˾ĵУҾ޷͸֡Ŀתضսޣǲκˣ۽磬ʵ۽ССȭУ޷ȫϰã⾳ȴѡ
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кǰУԶ
⾳ͬ༫
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ϧ
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ͻȻ䡪
ֱһ죬쳹սޡ
սΧһڽɫӰʮ˽ܴʮ˸޲Դһɣַ岢ǹǣȻΪ֮һͣԴһƬ
ӣ
ޱȺ깥
ַʵʱӱܷӲǼַ壬ܽӵӵޣԽޣ
ַУһ׿Խ
ֱģ
ˡĲ˵ǱôǿҪǿö࣬һȴȫû׼ȫַ˸ֲ
ңַ̫ǿ
Դ񣬶ǶڣҪɱӰ쵽ȴ׾٣׼Ҳ㲻
ջ۵ȵս⣬ɲǼͺй©Ϊ֮һ
ԴδӦ
ಣಣ
ڹһһңͻأس֣һһѪɫɣֱӺģ׿ԽĦzۡ뾫ˡ
ǰǿǿַϣħ֮Բ
ֲ١
ڡѪӳ£ΪǼ𣬿缲硣
չ־˷pȻƺһѪˣг㵡
Ȼˣ
ʹȴҲѹʱඥľȻٴչֳ׿ԽܣȻǿƥ
Ȼʱڲ󷽣һ׹ǰ㡮׹¡
޹
֮Ƹ裬֮ƣѴﵽ޹󣬲ֹٶȱĦzۺ˸죬ַһʩչͿƵġ
⣬
ãս۵Ĳ˲ɴ۾һƬֱΣռȿ£µس鵶
䣡
޹սײ
һǳԱõĹ
һֻʱ
ǿ˲
䣡޹ȫ£սȫƣֱײϲĺ󱳣֮Ųĵ˻ʹ֮ʹŭ
һ̫ݣ



1964 ַ壬ʤ

ֹ˴סŶڵھǿҲһ
ʤ
ַĹڵһ㣬˵ǲľҲѵֵסĹսԶռ꣬ܡ
µǣһĹһ壬һߡ
ֱӱˣ˵⣬˵ַĹ̫ǲСַ壬ʯɽյھǿ߶Сַ塣
ʵֺֹڴˣ
ɣ
ˡãַǱһֱݷʾΪıԲĵĽģŻ
ϧĸ̫ǿҵĦz۹δ۷塣ַк磬Լ׹Իǡ
Ҫĸ磬
˻޹󣬱ϻǾǷӵѷɫĦzۣȴĦz۲Զˡ
Ħz۷ӵ£Իĸ磬˺޹ȴ
ĸ磬ѾǼޡ
ಣ
ַ˲
ٶ֮죬ù֮У۾ǼٶȶǶ⣬ǰ֮ҲܴԲֹܸ죬Ҹȡ
֮۾˹֮Դַ֮ȫ
һ֮һ壬γɹڷֱ֮ӱںϣַʴ޵ƿռ䣬Ȼ

ǵڶУһٶȸ죬
õֱӹǿ·Χռ䶼ڿ硣
ŭУѪ˫ĿֵȻˣû֮ǲַܡ
ڴѿ˫ִַ
ͣս˵ַ壬ѹס˲ġ
䣡䣡䣡
ĵڵѪַһһԵÿһֱǺˣͲҰܲ
һԺ䣬롣
Ѫͫս죬սէ֣Ҳã֮˲γɡ
ʱ
߳
һͻأǰֱӽߵĿռ飬ؽɱҲã֮Ƹγɱ㱻ƻǵг֮ɫ
ռңɱ
ܣ
ֿռ䷨ǿռɱǼΪߵȡ
ͬʱʩչʩչ߱ʵҪ󼫸ߣֻǵĿռңԲʵûʲôвϽɱȫͬ
Ŀռ䣬ɱĲģĵûʱͣپۼ
˿ַ̣ĵ̩ɽٴѹơ
ԧޣ
쵶У
ҲַĿǰǿһУܷӼһУСçءַȻ漰ʩչԲԧޡ
һбٶҪһ룬һʩչ಻ƥ
䣡
ɱסĲģƿַǿѹֽסҧȣĴʱʩչҲã
Ķ־һ٣ٶ˥
У貹âȫ䣬ַŹ֮ɹâ֮ǿʹõбøӼ᲻ɴݡ
Ǭ洴쵶ˡ
Ǭ濴ĺˣӵǿѪ֮ô
Ҳ䣡Ъ˹ݶҧ飬һսʱȫƴһͷŭޣеս۷塣
˲òķֻø͡
һԵĶȴǵС
ɫ֮ٶԣһӰǽնصնַֻʩչһأ㹻
ն͵мͨ
ͬʱնǿռɱܻͻϰնͬʱŸ򡮿ռɱǡǡ׿Խ֮ŭ
໥
⣬ַڡ
µʩչ֮ĽͬʱҲѾʩչֹսֶθḻսͬǿ
ýˡַ̧֣׿ԽǱܡ
¡¡
ն֮ŭǿ־㣬ҹʽױ㿪֮ȴ赺ϡ
ռңնɱ
š
䣡
֮ŭͺһöըֱڽɱȻƣĺȻɴ˫ͫʧȥΪԵ׿ԽԲᱻ𣬵ʱʮһ
çıƳ
䣡
޼󣬱̫֮Դַ壬ǧʴ޵ֵ
쵶ԧޡ
¡~
춯صը쳹ʮ˽ܴѣάֵʮǿɫԵЩ԰ףȴ̫ǿ
һ˫˫۾ȻսޣռԪҡ
һӰִȻվһӰǵս֮ϣ޿ս֮ǲġ
ַ壬ʤ峤͵Ȼ쳹



1965 һǣȽȽ
Ӯˣ
ַ壬ȻӮˣ
峤ȫ⾹ġսϵһĻһĻȴƭˣĻԡѪս֮ϣ˫Ŀն
ַȻվɫЩ΢΢԰ףɫ쳣
Ӯģַ塣
һոսǼˣսʤԴе39λһսսδܼĲ
š
ҵģô
ûۻɣַӮˣǿǲ
Դе39δܼĲȻַˣ
ΰɣ⣬̫ˡ
ǸղſôַôӮģû尡ԴһɣѾˡսһƬӣʮоŸµģȫ֪ʲô
ƾǵļʶַôӮġ
ǿֱ˼
һھǿȴ峤ʯɽӶԷжܿޱȵľ㵺𺧡
ַ֪Ǳޣȴû뵽սǿᵽ˳̶ȡ
ǿǲİ
ǣҪսʤĶǼ׵¡
ȻӮˡʯɽ
Ӯˡ߽
ʯɽһߵܵս̫ˡ
ʵĵǿҡҡͷʯɽԿһַӮģȻʵսռ˺ܴ
ֻ˵սӡ
ͬʵһս120%һֻ90%ʹˡ
ĸͷβδʩչãغС簵̾ȻܾͲͬˡ
峤֮ǰĵܣսƿ̫p֮ǲġʯɽϿռ䷨ǿĶ֣׿ԽĶֻ鷳
յĵִֻܹܺԼ·ʧˣҲıʲô
簵ʼ磺û취ĸ硣
½ӨþδҲδֻĿһֱսޣòǳһЦҡҡͷû뵽û׷ңߵ׷ˡ
簵˲ʱһ죬ҪȴֻƲƲ졣
ǿУȷʵһ

սˡ
ַɫƽ֪ⳡսӮЩңһٺĸĶϣ£ҪӮˡ
һٶʱ
ҵʵǿܶࡣһսַ֮Ҫߵ·Χһ˶ھ̾ɻ󣬲š
ԼֻԼһСʵ
ԼڰǲʱǸ̳ƥоǿߡ
Ϊǿߣʵо޴ȣ
£ԼǿǬһĴУⰵѪ쵶ټϡǬֻҪ㹻ʱ䣬Լܱܿڵʵһ̨ס
ڵʵԴ40-45֮ɡȻӮĸģַкڵԼʵϺЩġ
ࡣ
ԼȷȷʵʵģѾҪǿˣһַȷ
սϵĸģ˫Ŀնƺ޷ܱܰĽ֣ΪԼֵԵʡ
Ȼ㲻Ҳˡ
һ׿Խսףػȫ
˵ʵҲȥ׼һսˡַ⣬ĦzзϾսף֮Ҳǣзսס
һսףбҪġ
ĸ֮սԼܶʱǿǿеֵս˻Сܶࡣ
ÿһΣԼռϷġ
࣬޸ҲǾսף׿Խսһȣʹˡĸĵͺܲٻимǿķ
±Լδ֡
Ƕսס
ܿ죬Լ㽫գʵûʲôϵһԽǿԽã˴ĿԲŴ
ȻٽԵ
ȥĺˣ峤ַ峤˸漴ʯ磬սǴкȥʼնδĸ˵һǿһ֡
ΪûҪ
һǿ˵ֵͬͿףԵ衣
Լĸһļǿսʿ˵Щ׵ĻûûҪԣҲҪĸĻܲʧܡ
ǰ֡
ʧܶ˵ֹǻ£øǿ
ȻԼҲǡ
һΣһģĸ硣ǿϧǿߣַĸĲ޶⣬κԹޣʼԼ
ϣĸԼ
ಣ
ַ뿪һƬ
ĿʱַҪ͵ҲܣΪոջܵģжһսַ壬ֻǸͻûõˡ
⽫Ϊһμѻ
һǣȽȽ𰡡峤ͱ˫֣ո¶һĨЦݡ
⡣
ַǿǿ



1966 ֮ں
ĺϣַϯضȴ
ʱ䣬вʮСʱʱָһ壬ĸһսʼպķ˲;
ǾҪ
꣬ĺʱ䡣ַǳڴԼΪĴʱ
һԭġ
ڶ꣬ʯս㣬øġ
ڵĸģַûãսѾӮˣûҪôϾͬһȺ̧ͷͷοĸҲҪĺ
ʯĸĿǴطȫԲҲǴطַ֮оõĸʵֻһˡ
һʧܣʹ˼ʹܽͻҲ˵һ
ܿ죬Ұ֮Ҳܴﵽ֮
ȥô
ַ˼ǲ
ϸ˵ʵԼ֮ҲȻ͹ⰵҪö࣬ΰߣдԲ֮ľ飬ĺء
ʱ䣬ַо԰֮ҲȡԲ÷֮
սһģҲ

ʵҵʵǺܴ󡣡ַף׷֮Ҳֻǿ壬ζѣϾԼս໹ⰵ֮֮
һַ١
ûҪôȵõ֮Դϣð֮˵
⡢ܷ֮񹲴滹Ǹ⡣ַ廹ЩǣϾ⡢֮໥ų⣬⡢֮һ
治֪
˵
Ȼܴﵽ˵ӦҲû⡣
ַ׼
Ȼߵ洫һô⡣
ʮСʱܿȥʳعʵַ״̬ѻָһԾĺȵֱַ֮ƣ׶ΰ֮ħơ
~~~
֮
Ϊĺʽ

֮
ַڰħ֮ǿģﵽԲ磬ǿԲĵһʮԴ㡣
֮Ҳ
ӵе׶ΰ֮ħƣѪйĺʹԲľ飬ַڶ̶һʱ䣬ʡڰû

µĳ̣Ű֮ĸȫ֮ԲѪİ֮ħ飬ͺһ覴á

ַȻӿ죬ϤĸоٴϮ޾ඥͬһǰ֮Դ򣬶ǹ֮Դ
ޱȵʡ
׶ΰ֮ħƣȸԾŴ֮ɫҲ΢΢仯
ڰء
ͷϣ֮ӡȻʱ֮ӡȴǶȻ𣬷·𲻸ʱ֮ӡּչײ
һԭڡ
һ½ڡ
޾֮ԪغͰ֮Ԫײ޾ַڲɱţַֻоԼһֺΣգȴֺ΢ľء
һᱻɼȿֲ˺顣
סַ־ᶨһŹ֮ӡǣһǿ̾ʹŰ֮ӡǣһۻڣÿһַ˵ꡣ
½ĺУַҲǴ죬ѡ
֮ͬǿԴӡÿһ֣ƤϸȻͬһϹͬдÿһʵĺۼء
һιַ̣˵尾
֪ԼԲʧܣһʧܲʧȥ֮ͬʱԼҲܱӴ˺飬ǣһȫ
ڵսκսҪա
žણ
žžϣ
ӺˮѪɫַĺУΪĵһأȫѪȾ죬ַ̲־Ѫε޷ĺУʹƬ졣
־Ľ棬ǵĥ¡
Դƣ˿ѽβ
ҺϣַٿѪͫǿ־ͺһŽ覣¾޾ʹҲδôһ֡
֮ӡǣ֮С
͹֮ӡ޴˿̾ͺһͷѱޣǰŰ֮ӡǵġڰ֮ԴԴ֮ˮ
Ϊһ壡
֮Դ밵֮Դʱ޼϶
ʮԴԲַڹ⡢֮ϵ裬ޱ̣ʶٿҲ⣬Ϊˣƾ־ǿں֮
壬覡
ӡǣӡ˹ⰵ֮ӡ
ÿһϸǱŹⰵӡǣÿһƬÿһÿһѪˣǱⰵԴͬγǹⰵԴԼͬ
ɱ䣡
Ƿ֮ȴʤ֮
ԭǹⰵںϵڡ˿ַ̣峹Ȼ



1967 ⰵ֮
ⰵںϣ̫ѡ
ַ峢ԹΣȫǡǿСںϣͬһԪ˧֧жԵľӣֻҪһ֧ӱ
ǿںϣԪ˧Ҳǲٿ߱
ʵԽǿȻԽǿܷӵĹⰵںԽǿ
ǳ֮
ΪǿƵģǿǣ
ǽʮ٣ǧ򣬶ǽʮһ
񣬷֮һ壬ⰵԴԭͶŹⰵԴǹǰȻޱϡ
ӱϸıںϡ
Ϊ壬Է֮Ϊⰵںʼ֮
˿ַ̣Ǭʩչʱ⡣
߳߳
ֵַѸٻÿһж̲ۻⰵԴһ壬ûѹҲûǿпƣǽ仯Ϊ㣬һµ
ΣһءַоԼ壬֮ǰһ󲽡
͹֮ⷨʱȫͬһξһ̨ףԼǳԽͨǿ߲Ρ
øߣøԶ
Ѫⰵ֮塣ַۣԺֳ쵶ÿһУʱµĸµᡣ
쵶ǿⰵԴںϣʩչ
֮ǰʼ޷ĵСçءҲµĸ򣬲ֹΪⰵ֮壬Ϊε̥ǡ
ڣӦĸˡַһЦ
Լʵһϡ
ĸʵűԼǿɣǼȫ£ھȫʩչãһУԼо԰Ӯ
ⲻʲô
ԼĶ֣Դǰʮλǿߣ
һԴ޴ڱѴڵĹȺ
ĥǿȺ䣬Ȼʯ
ȺԼʵԶԶ
ķʱ䲻࣬22¡ַһ߸µһĥ֮Ҫߵ·ԭ׷֮Ƿ
ΪԼоⰵ֮Ѿ׷ֻ֮޷롣
ԼѾԽµĲΣ㾡֮ԴҲֻǽֻ½΢һ㡣
ĺ˷ѵġ
ޱȵġǬ
ֻиЧ¡
Ȼ֮Ǿͼⰵһ׶εĸ򡪡
ʮԴ
֮Ҹǹ֮
֮Ҹǰħ֮
£ħ֮ľʮⰵǿģ츳ѣԴΪ㣬һʮԴΪʺϡ
ַܿ˾
ʮⰵʮһͣڴԲһ׶ΣΨаħ֮Ǵﵽڶ׶ΣΪħѪϡ
Բһ׶ΣոոԲ
Բڶ׶ΣΪ㣬ʮԴ㡣
Բ׶ΣʮԴ㣬ʡ
ԲĽ׶ΣϵʮԴ㣬Ȼɷ֮׶մﵽʮԴ硣
ǬһУдʮԴļ򵥽ܡ
ȷܼ򵥣ΪǬѴﵽߵĲΣУʮԴ򲻽ϣɹܣͬʮԴϡ
22£֪ܴܲﵽ׶Ρַ֪
ʮԴ磬ȴԲ̫ࡣ
һǷ֮׶ĶһӴޱȵĵײ֮׶
ѶȣԶ

ַΣԲѣⰵ֮ѳɣԲôѲʮԴ
ַиоֻҪܸʮԴ磬սһ¥
ס
ʮԴĵһ£ַ300ķԴ㣻ڶٶȲŻﵽ500֮󽥽ӦϤڵĸʱٶȳ1000
ʮԴ㣬Բࡣ
ÿ1000Դ㣬Ҫ100¡
⻹ĺߣٶȸǿԺԲơ
һ꣬ܿȥ
15000Դ㡣ַꡣ
ٶȣԼĻ
á
ϾǱȴԲߵĲΣÿһԴǷҪѣʮԴ˵ٲ٣˵Ҳࡣ
ڵٶȣÿѾܴﵽ1500ַȶ񣬼
150016001700
ٶȣȲ
ϾÿԴ֮ٻЩַ֮ͨҲҵһЩٶȵķٶӿ죬ӿԲࡣ
ֱʮ½
33057Դ㡣ַһͷ֮һԴǽ
ΪһĳɼѾܲ
~~
ַһԾӯ
ٿһȴǸоĺ⣬һϤϢվ
ʯ磿ַĸк档



1968 
ৣ
ַĺڴ
ǰʯӴӰǶʯɽ
ʯڵңַЦ˹ȥ
ʯɽ˫֣ȻһЦԣмҪ㡣
ʲôַ档
ʯɽһ˫ͫһһֵգˡ
ַһ
Ȼ֪ʮڱȻȴû뵽ԼʱǿȴЩϡ
ˣַܿס
һꡣʯɽ
ַЦ
һһģע
ԭԼֻĺһ꣬պøϣ꣬ˡʢ£δڵһʱеϧ
ʯɽˬʶЦʵʧߵܣտǧ꣬һԪʱԣأ˵ǿߵһʱ룬ҲЩ»ӳ롣
ǧꣿһԪַ΢΢ġ
ֻʮ꣬Լһ굹Щϧ
ǧһԪһǿԺԲơ
սԵǶǡǿ˵ġʯɽıﶼô׵õԵ߾֮
ΣЩھǧ궼С
ҲҪ̫ȹʵȣ˳ٽ١
ַͷ
Ȼˣˡ
ʯ˵ûЩЩҲͨ׿ԽõҲһʺԼĻͿ
ǧ꣬һԪʱ䳤š
Լʵͻڣһʵá
ʯɽٿصߵҪĺô
ţôʯ磿ַ
ʯɽûʲôֻоǿ߳⣬ȫˣÿʮھǿߵ㶼ȫȨʵãҵġ
ʯɽһЦ峤ڣҪƹȺҲûʱĺ
ߣѻ÷֮ĺ˵Ѿ󡣡
ÿʮ꣬Ǿǿ굽긡Ҫģǰ
ȻҲԾھͽա
ַʱһ
֮ÿʮ꣬Լĺ
Ǿ鷳ʯַ΢Цһһνȥ˵ʵ㲻ԼҲԡ
ʵؼ
áʯɽһЦַ򣺡ʵҲô룬̶ѨҲһܰȻŻ˭Ҳ֪ᷢʲô
ǰδϣͽӰˣֹգϣʵ߱ʮ㱣ֶκٽ롣
⣬ĵܶЩ㡣
ַ΢΢һ
磬Ҳ峤Լ⡣
ĸģԼ
ʯɽЦЦ·µַ룺ĵܸԲֻǿת仰㣬峤˵һ£Բˡ
~
ʯɽ漴ȡһ貵ľʯ˹Ə쾧֮ǰڴлõħѪ񣬲ǡıֵͬ׿Խ
ӵз֮Ə쾧ôѾδ֮İǿãֱӱܸ֮ﵽԲ硣
ǰƏ쾧һɹֵٻȡҪı
ַӹƏ쾧ȵĹݸһЦãʺá
Բ
ЦǼֱǱ
౦ѱǴԲ׶ʹãɴﵽԲڶ׶ΣƾһʮԴ㣬һֵ̫˷ѡ
มʯɽЩ棬Ҳûжʣĵĺһڵ꣬Ҳڣߵʹá
ⲻðɣַüͷһء
ʯɽҡͷĵǿԸķ䣬°ɡ
áַҲ衣
һĺҲࡣ
ڴģÿʮ600ĺʯɽЦʵҲȫ磬ãĵܣûܶзݡ
ַ΢
ʯɽ֪ÿʮǾǿ߶100ĺǶգʱڲȫתˡ
ַȻʧЦ
Ȼÿʮǿ߶100ĺ޷ģҲ˵ʮڼǲȥֱӾûˡ
ԣ峤ɴ˳ˮ飬Լ
Ͼ峤ҲҪ¡ʯɽЦ50ֵ1000ĺ㣬Ѿˡ
ߵ츳ףսϻĵܣжһƬݾ֮
ʶôŴ㣬Ҳûʲô
ʵؼԼϡ
ʯɽַЦȥɣҪĺҶ磬ڹҲɶһпȥһ˹˼㡣
лʯ硣ַů
壬һͥһǢ
ָоǳ



1969 ļֵ
żȥַٻĺ
ÿʮַ൱⣬˵ȸ輸׿ԽãҲ峤չĹϵ
ʯԣؼʵ
սϻܲģ峤ٿأҲ±Ǯ
£Ӱһ
꣬ҰħʮԴ֮һ
ǺԴٶȻ죬ò꣬ҾȫʮԴ㣬ﵽԲ׶Ρ
ַ巵ĺ
ʱ䣬Բ˷ѡ
ʮԴעǸḶ́Լеʱ䡣
յǰõַһֱ
ܵһʱ
ʵû̫ϵ
ԼģôҲӲ
ΣڶҪַֻӵ㹻ǿʵﵽĿ꣬ԼҪһУ
ʵġ

ʱ䣬ܿȥ
ַ˵ֻգһ˲ʮԴĸǳ2000Դÿ£10Դȫвپ롣
Ѿ77478Դ㡣
ʣ22522Դ㣬2000Դÿ¼㣬Ҫ11£һʱ䡣
Ҫٵˡ
ַ岢ʧ
ԣǵָһ˲
ĽѾˣһʮܾ10Դ㣬ﵽԲ׶Ρ
ȥǬǰȥһ˹ַ뿪ĺڴһǿ߹ȴҿ벽
ַˣַ壬һУæ
ַͷȥɡ
漴ҽһ̤һƣȥ
ַ˿ƽ׽˰ǾнŵİǿַȥӰгĽͳ֮ɫ
ַ壬Ⱥ˳ݵż
ᣬӵޱȿµʵĶ֣ǰ;ȺǱΪ峤ĽӰˣ

׳ۻԻ͡
һҪıأҪƸ
Ψ˷ɽ룬ͨûȨޣ˻۹׶ȣڹڶһҲɽһȺȡֵ
һȺļҵַǰƵĽĿԡ
ڵıһһ湱׻۵ģ򣬶ռ˷׵ȵȡ
У峤͹ࡣ
Ͼմ࣬ʵǿܶ౦ѾûãȺǿߣǾǿ˵вô
ڣΨһĻҾǹֵ
ĪμַˡعģǰǼˡĪַ幧
ǰò˵꣬Ⱥֿȵ
ãĪַк
Ī¶һĨЦݣ峤ѽַߡ
ַͷ鷳ˡ
鷳Ī
Ī·£ַܿ빱ܵʹǿᴥû·ǽȥģַڵʵӲҪķѾ޴
ϾνĲر⣬ҪԲԶ
ع½ͨǰҫ㣬׺һռ䱡ĤĪ΢΢һߣ˸롯ƣǹˣַˡ
ַţ̤С
ǴһεĿռͨ漴һ貵ɫ֮УһذڷڹĴӳֵơ
ơ
ǵĹõĶ1000ֵµıĪܵ
1000ֵַ΢΢ͷ
֮1000վͨĲΡ
Ǽǿ߶ԣһǱ޵ľ޴󱦿⣬ÿһвôʺϸս빱ͨˡ
ַˣ롣Ī·
ϣǵڶ
ÿһռŹ㡣
ɫһſˮ׺ƬµĹĿѣ롣ıǧȵһʮֹ
ÿһļֵȴԶԶ
ǵõ1000ֵ1ֵıĪַ壬ַǷҪѡ
ַĿɨ
1ֵ1ڿվ
֮ıͨǶͨĲΣѾǲ
ԼôԲ
ַ岢δʱ䡣
õģַˡĪҲµˣͨǿǿ߶֮͵ĵǰȺδġ˵ȴ̫ͨˡ
峤εش豦Ҷ׿Խ蹱׶Ⱥĺɼһ㡣
ĪʮĽҲַ֪õõġַ츳ʵ㲻壬ȥκһõ߼
Ϊļֵ



1970 ѡ׿Խ
ڶ
ֻȺӵ൱λܹ룬ıȻֻټÿһϡƷڴУС䶯
1ֵ10ֵ
൱1ڿվ10ڿվҲĲΣԶһ׿Խ
ܶⱦһС
ַ˵һЩǱȽģй۪ҬâȵȣЩڴжعʵڸͻƾǣ輫Ʒعʵַ˵֦¶
۸Ҳǲơ
ַ岢żһȥ
ϣӽˣҲǱ⡮һڣΨоǼǿ߻ǹرͻİǿ߷ɽ롣
ֵ10ֵ100ֵ
൱10ڿվ100ڿվ
ϣЩڴУѹĴڣÿһøԴʮ
һʷƾõȺҵȷʵ񡣡ַ̾
Ŀɨȥʮ屾鼮౦ʮ׿Խ˼ƷԼĿعʵ
ֵߵͲһ10򣬶99ҲУ
ַˣʥס峤ġĪһɢ޾սǰͣһԣвĽ֮ɫ
⣬ַ˻ʮ׿ԽУѡһ
ַš
ѡһ峤͵ڶδԼģʥס峤ǰԼġ
պһĸ֮󡣡ַһЦ
ĸһսԼҲˣս׵ķǸ⣬羭ḻǿøϾԹ塣
һõսףֹԼķͱԼޱ
ǽգҪ
׿ԽַȡʥףһϵսףԼ֮๲ǴĵȸԾϸС
սףԼһ塣
Ϊⰵ֮塣ַԼĹⰵ֮ȹ֮ⷨߣһϵ׿Խ׾١
ֹһ׿ԽһԼдϵıļ֮࣡
绹֪ġַ΢Цʥף׿ԽԼԼҲһһϾô̫
һѡ
ַĿɨܿļдı
ֱ׿ԽԼһɫ绯ʯĹŹʯͷǹϵģһǰϵģʶԼʮϡ
ϵ׿Խ۽17ֵ
ϵ׿ԽʮѤ40ֵ
ϵ׿Խɻꯣ55ֵ
ϵʯ35ֵ
ַһһ
ϵ׿ԽһǷ౦Ϲ֮һǿƹ౦Ϲ֮۸񶼲ߣƽ۸Ȳϰϵ
ϵƸһЩ
ɻһֵȻߣζżֵߣԼûôֱܲӻٶһȺùֵɣ̫¡ˡ
ʯħѪѷɫ
׿ԽһΪΣ20ڿվΪͨ׿Խ2050ڿվģΪ߼׿Խ50ڿվϵģǶ׿Խ
۽ͨԼѾ֮޹󣬿϶ѡ
ɻ꯼ֵȻߣ̤붥׿ԽΣΪǱ෴ʺԼҲѡ
ʣµģʮѤʯֵࡣ
ҪʯַܿȻʯֵҪԵͣԼôʯ֮СûһΪ
ʮѤȻҲ౦ԼĦzۣ֮Ƕ׿ԽеĶĳǿʵ㹻
ʵҲް
õģַˡĪоȣҲʣַӵй֮ⷨôӦѡ۽ʮѤ
ƫƫѡһ͹֮Ȼ෴ʯ
ʲôã
Īһͷˮаַֹ˹Ȼܹˣνǳзǳ£
ַ֪Ī룬ƻȻʧЦ
ȴʲô±˶Ī⣬Ī
ʵӰ졣
ˣĺôһַ
ÿ1ֵһ100졣Ī
ࡣַͷ
ĪпЦ
⻹ࣿ
1ֵǿ൱1ڿվǾǿߣҪ׬1ڿվ˵ҲҪʮֻ꣬ܶһĺ100졣
Ҫ֪ĺÿʮ꣬ͻ100
Īǲ֪1ڿվһ100죬ַ˵ûбˡ
̫У
Ѿǹôַٿʵ
ǡĪ΢΢ףڹϷڣȺıÿһ޼֮
ৣ~
ַʱ



1971 ޼֮
ÿȺѹ׵ı
óЩѹıȷϡУֵǣѹ׵ıܹΪȺеģԲϡ
ϾǮٶҲֻǮ
󣬲ǮʵȴȻڰ˴ĩɼһ㡣
ҡַܸȤܽô
ȻԼǾǿߣӦȨȫţϾҲǸռ룬δܽӴȺ
ȻԡĪɳ빱κһ
ַţ漴ϡ

˲ã˲ɡ
峤͵ΣַҲһůԼȺ峤ͱ㲻Լ֮أڽ̵
飬Լġ
лᣬҶٱرַԷ֮ˣȺҲ˹УͬҵĸоԼҲϣܾգһ𲢼ս
ʵҪ
ʵԽǿԽõرȺΪȺס
ˣַˣҲȨ޽룬ߵȺˡĪһߣַ˫΢΢˵ͷ
£Լ˹㡣
ҡַУҳ׶״빱غϣ⣬һ׵ʮ˽ܴͨɽ롣
У޼֮ղ֮ءַ˫
ĿһŽɫâľ޸ϿһɫƣϸŨѪ֮ѽƾ޸һָ߰ɱ棬·ꡣ
ǿĸͷַ尵̾
Ŀ֮򵥵Ľܡ
۷͸
׿ԽεĲΣ
ַҲǵһμν۷Լ֮ǿ
300ֵַꡣ
ԼһˣҲȥһϾ֮ͨ硣
Ҫȫﶼ300ֵҶһһҵˡַĿӽɫͷƹɨܡ
300ֵ൱300ڿվ
̫
120180230򡣡
380򣡣
Σ500򣿣
ַĿһЦһ
300򻹲ߣѽɫ޸Щ޼֮Уڵλ
ܹ޼֮ÿһޱȰ󣬼۸񳬳ֵҲǰڿվʵϣ߾ļǮҲ򲻵κһ޼֮
һȺĸΨȺеĳǿ߲ʸһʹá
ֵ500ڿվıַıһֱȥȴҲѹûһΪϵľȫˣҲĿ
ʮŹ㣬
ÿŹ䶼ǣʮŹγһ壬Ĺ͸Բ״Բ򣬶ɹɡ
ϵʮ졣ַһ
϶ʺԼԼĹⰵ֮вǿңΪϣֻǡ࡯Щ
Լڵʵֻ¶δȫ˵ˡ
һʮ죬Ҳòˡַ岻̰ģٷòʲôãҪʺԼ
õˣõġ
380ֵġַ΢΢Ų漴һѪɫ״ʵǰԲ״Լһƴ󣬹ʵıһƬͺۼһ
״ʵͨѪ죬ѪҺ㡣
̲صޱǿ
һŹʵ׿Խ󡣡ַ̾Ŀ漴֮ѪuԴѪu֮ءӵж컯֮ܡ
ʵܱѪ
ܱʹ߽صڣӵѪu֮츳Ѫu֮İѪ֮壬֮츳ס
Ѫu֮صѪu
ַ˫ͫ
صعʵ
һѪعʵֻıѪѪuȴǰԭеѪȫĨȥѪuѪֱ˼
ıѪУعʵ̫ǿֱӽɡ
һͣڰǼ޷ʳѪuȻ˴ӻ棬;綼ڣٻذǲѡ
ƾǿ츳Ǽ¡
ַ⡣
öˣѪuǼЧһ˷
ֵۡ
ûʲôáַԲȥѪuֹΪûʱ˷ѣΪԼѪԭͱѪuã
˵Ȼֻ
ЩΪ޼֮ǻʵ޿޵ġ
230һַĿȥȻ޼֮ԼиӦмֵ500ֵʮ죬Ӧ
Ӧǿˡ
ʺԼ
ৣַӰһŲǰ޼֮˫ͫȫ



1972 һ
һа״ÿһն·Ƶģûй֮Ҳûа֮ͬ۷
һ⡯ı
Сַ֮Ŀ⾼
Դأ¾޾ԪҲֹֻ飬һ鲻֪٣һУһ֮С
ռ౦޷
ͷһ˿ʶУɸռ䷨أͨƾ˱׸ռ⣬ռ츳ϵȣɸռ䷨򡣡

ַꡣ
ԼռϵȣϺɫƵϵȣΪֹҲ߼ռ⣬δռ䷨
ƾ⡮СֱӾܡۿռͿռ䷨
׾١
ռ䷨ҪֹΣǿƿɻȡһ⣬ռ䷨ԪطҪǿս뺷
֮ǰԼӮĸ磬̲ؿռ䷨׿Խ˾á
޷ֻΪáַ忴ϷĹֵ230򣬲ɿЦһȻѪuʮҪࡣ
Ȼۡ
ȻԼܶһˣϾ峤͸Լһʹ׶Ŀ200֮ࡣ
ķȫֵһֵô
ֻܹһ֪٣һַݸЦ˵׼ԼܴŪһ
£ż
ԼѾ㹻ˣǷռ䷨ʱ˵Ҫøڵϣ¹ֵҪá
һַңԶɫİߵľͷ
ֱԹֵ180ֵǼԼûϸомֵҲ󣬷ɫİߵľͷȻ۸ˣ
Ӧ
أ
ޱȳԣİַ֮ɫߵľͷⲢ׿Խʵ࣬Щر
ɫߵľͷϣһڵ飬ʮϸСԶԶȥͺһߵƵġ
ʵϲǡ
ʮԴ㡣ַݣʮԴ֮ǰԼܻ֪ɫߵľͷܣȴȫ
TԪġ
ַ֮նT̲صΨһʮǿߣһ˵Ĵۻɱ
౦ͨϵ˿ɶһ̲ŴԲ֮󾳽İء
ַһ
̫ǿˡ
ʮǿߣһ˲ŻɱTáTԪġԸĴӦԶԶµıۡ120ֵġ
Ժխ
Ǿͨϵ˲ãֻҲ֪TԪĵʲôãֻ֪̲ŴԲ֮󾳽İء
ԣʵߡ
120ֵһǿߵԶˡ
TԪĵʲôãԼҲǺ
Ͼ⿿о޷жϵġ
Կ϶ǣ⡮TԪġԼٷְãҲԼϵĸоӡʮԴ㣬ѷͬ졣
ûյĶTӦѾʮԴ㾳硣ַ尵ݣֻ츳ѪǸΡ
ûá
һ£սһ¡
ֲ޷ƶƶҲΪʮǿߵΧɱ
˵TѾܱ뺷
Χʮǿߣһˣ
֪ǰ֮һַⲻѣΪTԪıܷţ޷׼ȷӦԼҲȷ
Ǻڰǰشǰʴ
һʵԼ˵ԣԼ֮ʶ൱
120ֵࡣַ弸ûʲôԥסTԪģǰ޼֮ԼҲ
Ǽ180ֵĶԼûã230ֵ̫
ۺ120ֵTԪ
ңTԪĵļֵԶԶ͹
۷һͬ౦ֵ뷭һࡣַȷTԪĵʵʼֵҪڹöࡣ
Ϊ沢֪Բ֮ľʲô
Լ֪
280ֵȥ120򣬻160򡣡ֱַƿܷ⣬ȡTԪģһֱоȵĺڰϢû֮
ϧǰħ֮
ַϧҲδϡ
ܶһѾԼû֮츳ڰħ֮Ҳǲס
ʣ160ĹֵҲ㹻Լˡ
ȥһһЩعʵȻȥһʮвԼõõġ
ֵ40ֵʮѤԶһˡ
ֵ17ֵ۽ȻЩߣҲԻˡ
Ѹöһģһ¡
ֵ࣬ͦġַһЦȻ޼ֻ֮ܶһһԼ˵һѾջ񲻷ơ



1973 Ǭƪ
ҳַ㿪ʼ˴ɨ
ȴӵʼ֮ǵڶҪɨعʵټһȺµĻǲƣивն߸򲻵
ǻԽǿ֮Խ
ַµ壬ԶͨǿҪǿö࣬ȫǿԵǿߡ
й۪Ҭâַȫܿӵڶշתصһֱˢϵ׿ԽʮѤ۽
ʥף׿Խ
ֱĪ۷ֱĽѣһòַһãֱӾ׿Խ˿׿Խѷɫĸֱ
ʯͩĵȵȡ
Ȼַռ岻ãݰǣʵ츳ǣ峤ӡǿߣúǿʢǧԪ
ˡСʱַǺͣ
жõıȫһ򾡣㡣
һ˵ջ̫ʢ
ʣ٣ַʵ
Ĺֵ185500Ī
ַͷ
1ֵԶһ100죬ԼʣĹֵԶһ1855죬㹻ˣϾԼԭĺкܶ࣬ϴȫȥգԼ
Ĺ⣬ԼϻвپһЩͿˡ
¾㱸ֻʵ
԰ˡַȲмһֵǵ޼֮ȫ
Ҳ룡
ʵǷȱ
ﵽʵʶʸ񡣡ַ¶ŨŨսڴܽԴǰʮǰʮնܣ
Ȼ峤û˵Լ
һдܣֻǱʶÿһοԴ񶥼ǿ߶֮͵ؽ룬˭Ҳ֮
ԼҲûҪȥֻԼġ
ȵӵ㹻ʵʱһԽ֪

7ĳأַġסǱ仯ÿʮһִΣֹĺ·䣬ĳҲʵ䡣
Ȼĳǿսġ
˭Ҳȥַս
ַ壬ȺĶսʤõַ룬ﶥ塣ַʵӵ4ĳأûô
7ĳأ㹻ˡ
ַ˵ĳûʲôãһȺλ
Ͼĺ
ĳҲ󣬵ĺһȴԶˡ
ڿǬһַ̤ʱʱ䣬൱21900ԪǱޡ
ĺȻʱ٣ÿһ붼ͻʽ
ʱԴƶһжʱ࣬Ǵĥȹ̡
ڵΣ˵꣬ʮ궼Ӱ塣ʱѹܴ
ʵʱַܳܵסʵȻɡ
ϣ౦ãַ˵Ҫıǡ
Ǭ
ԴǬһѪ
ԶԶԴ޲εطⰵ֮ԼѪ
һҪⰵʮȫԲѶȿƿֲ
ԴޣʸǬģҲֻһɡַһЦ۾
~~~~
ԺУܿ측ֳǬһݣ֣ӳ֮꣬ǰʱܿһޱµĻ㣬õȫݡ
£ܽס
ΪĻǴﵽ
ǬΪƪ
ƪӹⰵʳ͸⡢ȫһ
ǬطƪǬط޾¼ֹϵϵطԴĹⰵںϵط֮˿ϰԴΪԴط֪Դطܷǿ
ⰵ֤ƪԹⰵΪԴѴޣң棬ֱޣȻֻΪ֤ȴδƵ֮˽ǣƪѴޱɡ

ƪÿһƪףѪᾧ
һƪⰵΪʵˣɳ˷ˣʵԽΣԽη⣬
ڶƪսطɹ˿أǬĲΣռĹϵϵطΣɱ⹱һЩ⴫ľطǿ
ǬԴĹⰵںϵط˵
ֻҪɣ춯ء
ƪǬеľⰵ֮ںϣһֱָޣѴޣңط˵ǬʼδܿһӰļֵʹڡ
ܳѴޣѾ˲ãοޣ
㲻ռ֮ҲޱȽӽˡ



1974 ڱزʶ
ƪǬǾͿ
һƪӱʳĥӰ󣬿˵һƪƪδ飬ڶ͵ƪͻء
ƪʼ
ַ岢żڶƪǬƪ͵ƪ֤ƪ
ƪһǴδӴԲ磬ʮԴ硣ַԺֹڡħ֮ѶϢ
ƪУӹٹ⻷ȹ֮غڰħȰ֮ӦоС
ʮԴ㿪ʼֱϵʮԴ㣬ɷ֮׶
ϸ΢ޱϸ
ʮԴ㣬ǻ
֮·ޱߣνĴԲֻǷ֮׶Ķһ㣬ֻʼӴ˷֮ΪԴϿɣΪ֮Ϊ֮⡣
мǣʼնԷоη֮ģ
ǬĻꡣ
ֽǰּ־һ
ڷַ֮Ѿ˴˽⡣
ѷ֮һ̨ԣ÷֮ζŻóԵʹȨʹóһϵйܣֻǳԱеĻܡ
Ҫʹóԣô
ʮԴ㣬ܹѧᳬúʹãдһȻ֮ԴܹɱȱдҪѶˡ
ȫʮԴ㣬ţܷӳҲǷһ
ʱǱȸոմԣûȨ޵ĴԲҪǿ
֮𽥼ӳԸǿܡ
ûнޡ
˵ǻۺûֹ¿ܿѾǬǸΣﵽˡ
ƪÿϸʮԴôǺܴ󡣡ַ峢һ£ܿԹڱ׼ʮԴ㣬̫ѡ
Сƪϸָɱĺ̫ࡣ
ûĺʮԴޱҪȴԼߣϾƪеĽ⣬ҲֻĻ
ĺƪôҪΪĺܡ
ĺʵޱȵ
ֻǰ峤ڣ۽綼Խƿ֮ĲΣԲ֪ĺĹء
ƪһ°벿ֻǺõģʮԴҪĺṹԱԴûôҪˣϾÿһ߽ԲĽ׶ǰѾʮԴ
ʱҪԺ;飬ʱ䡣
ԡƪ˵Բ׶ҲʮԴķʱṹƸӣΪʮԴɣٶȻܶࡣ
ؼĺ
ĺƲۣʵϱ֮磬ڤȱأ˿
ҲˣһŶۣĺʺ࣬ĺҲûãΪǺ֮ħͬҲǡ
壬Ҳڱزʶ
ĺʺǡǿߣ
ش
ĺõģǡǡǾǿߣ

һƪƪַʱ
ڶƪǬƪȴǸû
Ǭƪ󲿷ּصĶǹϵͰϵطǿ߶ɳǣ¼ط֮ǬģԷͨ
̫ͬ࣬㼸ʮ֡
κһֱ֮ڵطҪǿͬģҪҲߡ
ÿһƪطĻ͸ʮԴ㡣ַʵҲѧһУսκҪ̫ߡ
ǬԣԲֻʼǷ֮Ļ
ʲôط
ûС
ЩνطǬۡ
ΨʮԴ㾳ĲطС桯ĵطͻļܹǬȤ룬ڡǬԣЩطĴΪˡԼµطҲǡ
طӶԼط
˵ٺҲǱ˵ģֻԼطܷǿġ
ԴطһҪ͸ʮԴ㡣
Ҫߡ
ַЦ
طҲҪʮԴǬطԲĽ׶ξܹʹˣЩʮԴطǿ
ҪǡⰵںϣҲ֤ƪڶصϡ
ѣ
֤ƪҪɼѡ
ǹ⡢ַ뾡ʮԴ㣬ЩʮԴط鷳Ķ࣬ϾĽ׶ΣɱһʮԴķʱҪã˵еƪ֤ƪ
Ҳַ¸쵶
ʺӵҲ㹻ǿ
쵶ͬǬԼоֻԶֹڴˡ
кܴܣ
ֽ׶Σƪ֤ƪΪ쵶ַȷĿ꣺þħ֮ʮԴ㣬һƪƪ



1975 ںϻ
ƪ֤ƪΪⰵں֮
ԹⰵΪԴѴޣң棬ֱޣǬľͰڣ֮ǰƪ٣ǿߵĺۼ
Ψ֤ƪǬѪڡ
һ֮
ƾⰵں֤Ƶʼ޷յһš
ⰵ졣
ţõھ죬ؿƵԽޣ
κ֮˲㣬ʼ޷һ˿ⰵں֮ھ졣
ϧ
֮ˣⰵں֮мǲ졣óѴޣң棬ظռ֮мǣмǣ
ƪһǬᡣ
ַȴ֪滰ˣȻϷϣδɵģĺܹɡȻɲµ֮飬һֱǿǿ
Ȼִ
ϣĺˣܰǽ̳²߳һոµռ
Ĺⰵ죬ȷʵͬСɡ
ⰵһ죬۷ʵ
ⰵڶ죬۷ʵ
ⰵ죬۷ʵ
ⰵ죬ͨʵǿ֮¼޵֡
ϰõڹⰵ죬ɳѴޣң棡
ǿ޵У
ŵĵһ죬Ѿ۷壬ֱֲҪҲǼߣĹⰵںϵһ죬һ֮һ֮ںϣǡ
ȫ֮ȫ֮ںϡ
ѡ
ԣŻǿ¡
ȫʮںϣĿǰ
һ֮һ֮ںϣһԣܳɹںϣҲͨʵַ⣬Ѿ⡣
ͨ飬ѾԶƿϵĲΡ
ӡǬԼ֪Խƿ֮ǿߣΪȣеȺ͸ߵȣǿ֮ϣ飬Ϊͨȡеȡߵȡ۷塣
֮Ϊ֮Ϊ֮ǳԽޣң档
Դ޵ǿߣƣͻơ
ǼսѾ൱еǿߣԴĩ˵ģΪǿߣҲ31-50ģΪеǿߣڶ11-30ģΪߵǿߡ
һݲࡣ
ϾǬһ໹ͣڴԲΡ
֮ƪҪΪƪʮÿʮԴܹܲô
ǬƪûʲôأֻʵĽܡ
ϾǬƪؼǬԴģʮܹ֮ģҲǾʮԴ㣬ﵽԲĽ׶֮ġ
֤ƪлвݵģǹ⡢ʵݣֻ̫ߣĶǳҲԼˡ
һġ֤ƪЩɻġ
ⰵǰⰵԲ׶εںϿΪ
ˣʼⰵʱиĸ򡣡
߽׶Σ߽׶Ϊһ壬ޱʵⰵһԳɡ
뷨һ档
ںϣһ档
֮ǰҲԹںϣԶˡַںϣÿһ鶼ǳԼڵںϾֻǵһ׶Ρ
ǿںϡ
ҲӴ˵ڶ׶Ρʼںϡ
Ŷʱɡ
ڶ׶εġʼںϡַ廹аյģ׶εġϸ΢ںϡڶʱڴﵽĽ׶Ρںϡˡ
Ҫһﵽںϣѡ
Ͼ밵Ȼ෴һںϵġߡһɣ̤˹ⰵںϵż
ҲںϵģһտʼѾǡںϡ
ⰵںϣںϳԽ׶Ρ
ںϽ׶ΣԪںϣ׶Ρںϡ㿰Ԫս׶ΡΪһ塯
ﵽ׶ΡںϡʱϵԪΪһ塯硣
ǿ
ǰܻۣԽԽԡ
ⰵںϵޣߣ
⣬ֻǻ߽׶Ρ
ҵڹⰵ֮ʮⰵ򣬼ˣͰǬ涨µ߱׼ںϸ򡣡
涨µı׼ȻʮԪشںϡ
ӵйⰵ֮洫б䡶ǬںԪش
Цô
˵ںϣԪشںϣﵽޡΪһ塯Ҳ
Ȼ޴ϵ֮ϴط֮ںϣҲܹԼĹⰵ֮ںЧ
ֻ൱һ֮һ֮ںϡ
Լں֮֮
ںϵԪ֮Ͷһ
ܳԽǧ
һ̤ʮԴ磬ⰵ죬ңս޾



1976 488
¾㱸ֻ
յĿַδ룬ԣʱ䣬ʹĺÿʮɽ꣬ǱʮԴ
֮꣬ʱϱĥںϡ
ܼյַʵͻͽ
֮ǰĺ򣬰ħ֮77478Դ㣬ʣ22522Դ㣬ڶֵȥ11¾ȫ
ҪǬĺЧɫࡣ
ַ岢δħ֮Բ׶εĽ׶ΣΪĺô˷ѡ
ĺĹãʮԴ㡣
˰ħ֮ľ飬ڶַġ֮ӿٶȣʼÿ±ӽ1000Դ㣬õȫϤ󣬳1000Դ㡣
ߵٶȣҲδ1100Դ㣬Ȱħ֮Ҫһء
ǹ֮츳Ȱħ֮츳ΪħѪԵʣ֮ǰħʮԴʱ°빦
֮ٶȱȰħ֮Լһ
ѾĺԵļޡ
ûĺǬµġǬһԴ㣬ܶҪü£⻹ʼѣ״
ʲôûУٺã궼δһԴ㡣
ĺ֮
֮ĺļֵ
39660Դ㡣ĺĽַ֮ʮԴңʵ
Ͼ֮ûơħѪı
ƵıһʯƏ쾧һû֮һǹʥ֮Ӧöܰҽʡʱ䡣
Ҫꡣַ巢֣ͬںϣԲʱںϣ;ʮԴʱںϣЧֲһ
ߣöࡣ
ʮԴ㣬ߣԷںЧǸߡ
Ҳ
ʮѤ۽ʹãһûȫա
С˫ɡ׸ôʩչ

34ַ֮꣬ʮԴ򣬾ԲĽ׶Σֻһ˿ں׶εĵĥУɹʩչСçء
44֮꣬ʮԴ㾡ַʯû֮
û֮츳Ҫѷɫ֮ΪʯȱĴڣٶȷӽ
ÿ£ƽ2700
һ㣬ڵĸĺڽǰַ彫û֮ԲĽ׶Ρ
ٶȣħ֮
û֮츳ѣʯ֮ǰħѪѪòͬ
54֮꣬ҲﵽԲĽ׶Ρ
Ə쾧Ĺѷɫʯַ츳ѣٶҲﵽ2100Դÿ¡
58ַ꣬޵İħ֮֮ںϣﵽڶ׶Ρʼںϡ

83꣬ڰ֮

107꣬ںϴﵽ׶Ρϸ΢ںϡ

139꣬쵶Сçء

234ꡣ
~~
һϸ΢ĲչŨĹ֮ȫʱַޱÿһ֮ƣȻɣܽϣ޷ֱ˴ˡ
֮ʮԴ
֮ʮԴ㣬Ҳ
ʵϣԡ
ڹ⡢⣬ǵµĲΡ
ͬйںϺʹԲĽ׶εļܹܴ󡣡ַľѾܸߣ200Ĺǰ׷ѵġ
ֵľ޴
ԭŵĹֵͺľ֮һֱһȡֵ
Ȼÿʮһֻأ߸ǿ700죬ĺַҪԼǮġ
ÿʮ760죬൱76000ֵҲ76000վ
ַ֮ǰϴ磬ͷԣġ
234Ҳĵ߰˰ˡ
ʱĺôҪˡȫʮʮԴʣ¾һһܹÿʮԴ硣
ʱ򣬸Ǭʱ
Ȼĺмܹ죬ΪʱĴֲͬ110ʱԡǬܹʮԴ㷴öࡣ
֮ÿʮ700죬ںϡ
ҲҪٶһֵ
ַٶһҲ㡣

ںϣʮԴ㣬ַ塮Ǿ緽棬ʮԴȴԲ̫ࡣ
ֹͬʱ䡣
͵סį̵ס尾һΪǿߣ
488ꡣ
䣡һµĵһ޼ʵĿռ֮У𵴣ռ̷˺ѣ޾
ʱڣֻѾչܡ
ڣⰵںϻﵽĽ׶Ρںϡַ
Լ֮ǰµĿꡣ
ںϴﵽⰵĽ׶ʱɳأ
ҵսԴǰʮַ嶷־߰



1977 Ҫ֣ʯ
2ĳأʯɽۡ
ֱչˡ
ߵܣʱʲô
һ㶯ûС
ʯɽһæŴһҲǺ棬ַΪǱˣǸעӣÿһʱ䣬ǰַĶ
տˣһҲʯɽЦһǰַ岻Ҫôżʱ䳤š
ڣַ岻Ī
ϾտʱһԪһνǧ꣬ǺöΣǧ꣬ǧ궼ܳ
һκȥʱ򡭡
̫ݳ˰ɣʯɽ²Ҳգһֻأ룬ֻȻֵء
ˣʵ㲻ȥҲûʲôߵܻôᡣ
ʵһҲ٣Ͼڵʵʵĵܻһ㡣ʯɽһսȻζַѿսĳɫ
ܽս120%150%ķӣս츳Ҳû˭ˡ
˵һղЩУַʵǳַȴ֪ʵַӮˣҲӮ
սһΣʯɽַҪӮˡ
ַʵǱʯɽޱȵĿ϶峤ҲΪˡ
츳ʣԴ޶ġ
ߵڵʵѾúܸǿ
ٹһֻأضǰʮĵãΪĶʯɽַδǳڴ
βգһǻ¡
һ㣬ʵ
ַڵʵҲѽٺãΧһЩ׿ԽͬȽ׵ı
ıַȱô
ȱȺҲ㹻
ٿء
ޣĵʯɽ̧ͷһ¶ϲ֮ɫоһϤϢĵһЦ
硣ַӰس֣һɫ΢΢Цݡ
ˣߵܡʯɽЦ˹ȥһģö翴ĸʵˣƸǿ˰
ַ岻ݸ磬ҿû塣
عʵԼѾͣҪȴǲס
ʯɽˬʶЦ㲻⣺ǰÿʮ껹ܼһ£ɶûˡ
ַһЦ
֮ǰΪҪһֵĺÿζҪʯ磬֮ԼҪһĺһֱڱչأȻˡ
ģʯ硣ַ
ޣʯɽ΢΢һ٣һΪ㲻ȥأǶȥˣչš
ҪǲȥԿײͰ׻ԩǮôַʼ硣
ʯɽЦߵ㻹ںʮڿվڹһĺɱ̫ˡ
û취ûܵûַ
ʯɽߵ㲻ɷ֮ôΪλҪĺ򣿡
ֻ֮ǻʯ硣ַ߷֮ԲֻǸտʼһ׶Σ滹еڶĽ׶ΣֱʮԴ硣
ʮԴ磿ʯɽ˫ü͵һԸꡣ
ġַԲ˽漴֪ھһһʮֱʯɽͷһ˫ͫɢâ
ѳɴط֮ʵΪֹǰ
£ֿһոµĵ·
ԭʯɽʱ߽ͣͷ
Ȼ
ǲԴе25ĳǿߣӵдط֮峤һһĶš
ַĻǰ֮·ˡ
Ƕлˣߵܡʯɽãһ겻ѣéٿ˳ʣл
֮ͶѡַһЦʯɽʯҪл֮ǰдһɣ
ʯɽһɴ۾д裿
ַͷԣֻ˱ɡ
ʯɽˬһЦʲô⣬Ҳ뿴ߵڵʵʲô̶ˡ֮ǰַһսʱʯɽ־Ϳʼˡ
£֮á
ַЦղײգڿôʯ磿
ߣʯɽЦһؿڣȥ棬Ҵĺܣ
Ҫ֣ʯ硣
ģһȫԸģʯҵ

κ
Уַ̤һ˫ͫȵɣδɢȥĹⰵԪػս٣սⰻȻ
ϧˡ
ⰵںٽһǵܴ֮ͨﵽ100%ԲӮʯˡ
ַ
ԼԤƵĲ࣬ԼʵȷʵԴǰʮɼ롣
֮ǰд裬Լʯͥ
ֻƽɫϾд費֮ͬս˭Ҳɱ֡
׶ұɱַĿ⾼
µԼʮġ



1978 սʿս
޴ڣһΡӰϯսһĵۣɫ΢Բ԰ף𺧣ʱ߽ҡͷ
˼飬̫˼ˡʯɽЩ¡
ӵ̲ͫ𾪣ղһսֱ¶ȻѪڷԭֻһַʵ뵽
󣬾浶ʵǹ
Ѿδ˳һսδʵȫзӵȴսĿУȴԼһ׷޵ߡ
Ҷˡ
Ҫҵôߵܡ
Ǵ翴ͨ͸
ʯɽһЦ
ֳŵأվ׳һ̵ıݣƥʱʯɽȥɣ̥ǵĸоľɱ䡣
žϣ˫ȭһգۻ
ʯɽͫãȡ֮Ũµս޾־
սʿս
ȺȱһתȱԼô
~~
ĴЦ
ͨ˵ʯɽͻɽ
ҶսĸоԼǶɽʯɽһ˫ͫ峺лˣߵܡ
һɰѶˡ
һ㡣
Ͳһ㣬ҾҪˣ
ʯɽһЦĸ߰
ʱϵ츳Ⱥǿߡ
ʱĽ˫
˸峤ȴȴԼ
Ƕɽʯɽ˾ͺһɽΡңգôң
~
ң磬ߵܣҰźһ𲢼ս
սʿս
ңʯɽӹµһ

Ţ֮أַ弲ٶۡ

񡣡
ֹǰΪĥʯļ顣
ⲻһ棬Ǻö෽ۺϣ֮ʯΪǴﵽһ޴ƿѴȵȶޡ
Դе25֤
Ҫٽһѡ
֮ʯ񣬵峤֮𣬽ǿŻȵǿ֮ȴ˳ġ
ֳģѡ
ڹͣʧȥĿҰ֮
žһսʯӦѱģ»־ַһЦʯ翴شΪκ
һǿߣûи߰
ŵģǿߵѪ
ҲãĸҲã޷ʯȺеĵλӵкƥеʵʶʯʯľȻκα仯
ڲͬˡ
Լʵʵڵսʯѹױȵģսһֱʯ糾ĸ߰
ȻʯֻԼһĿġ
ҪǣԼҲ֪ĿޣԼʵһʲôĲΣ
սѺʯ粻ಮ٣Դ25ҡַ⣬ΪԼδ̫עսӲʵ
ˣսȻˮǴߡ
ǿģʵս
Ƿ֮ľ硣

ַ壬ǰ
ڽǰԵȫ˽ᡣ
ԼйŵҲǷһ顣ң֮۶Լ˵ôܰһѣҲǲ
Ȼħ壬Լ塣
Ⱥ֮һ֣֮Ӵһ겻񡣡ַᳵ·̤ԣκΡΣաԡ
ֻǿߣֱǴϺһǿҢС
ҲԶԼĶ֡
ƳµΣգڵʵӦҲӦַ岢Ϊȥ
ǿԴȺ塯µ䡣
֮۱Ƴ
ԺС
£Լʵȥܡ
µ䶼޷ȥ֮ռ壬кʤԡ
Ѷϣǲݡ
̤󣬿ռ䱡Ĥַ̤һƬľïʢŭŵɾ֮أ˱ζŨ羰֮γԱȡ
һʤյԴ
Ϊħԣج֮һ㡣
ʱһֻǼ𡣡ַһЦϢȫڣûһ˿ͷţΧһϢƿ֮С
Լľǿߡ
֮УѾԱ֮Ϊǿߡ
ಣಣಣ
ԶɫӰɳ۶¶ޱȽ֮ɫȴֻûиоκϢ
ٿǰһһ꣬ǿ׳ǿ֮һɫ
ߺˣǿŭȡ



1979 ַ
ȥǴϡַ嵭Ȼ
ǿٿһɴ۾㲻֮ǰǸ࡭ַ壡
ַһЦû뵽㻹ǵңҢ
ǿߣֻһԼʶһԼʱԼǿ֮һ˿ɷʵҲû⣬ʱҲֻǽԼĵشܿ顣
ŷģǡԵ·ˡ
ԭַˣҢٿͫһЦҾ˵ô֣գַͨʥؿ飬һʱҢǼǵá
Ԫǿߣֻа˸ʥؿл
ַ壬ǵھŸ
ַ壿ַˣǿ߻ع⾡޲Ǻشַ塣ޱȼѵʥؿдģǸȺٮٮ֮
ǿߣǺܾصġ
ַҴϵģҢʵ
ַͷô
ҢӦһЦڳ϶ڣżַˣһΪϲ⡣
ַ΢Цǰǿ϶ܿġ
ûҢϸ˵ϾֻǿߣȺеλôߣԽӴ̫ߣԼҲǽ
ܿ죬ҢǿߵĴͬ£ַǰĵش
һ·ϿɼڶǡǡǿߣΨǿߡ
һλȺ壬ӵоǿߵȺϦ£ٲջԻ͡
ʵַʵӲҲûʲô⣬ûҪ
һ²һ¡
ַˣˡҢǿ䣬뿪ҢڳԺ£Ҵȥ
ַš
ĵشһ֣һ˰ҵڡ
һɫļ羫ɵļŮҲҪλħĻ䣬Ķˡ
ħԣźǿȴûħôǿ
GǸ˺찡
괳ʥصַ˰Ŷðˣ
ޣԣ~
һ·С
ǿ߷׷׶ַкַܿ飬ںĵش
Ե·˵ǿߣǿߡ
ַҲһһ΢ЦӦ
ӡ󲻲ʶҲѡһѡ
߹ֵܼĹ㳡һַͨܿһΰĴǰ
Χ˿أǿߡ
ַİ˵ĳ֣˫ͫһݡ
ޣַĿ̨Ϸһǿϣ˼ۣǿԱǿ߸ߴ󣬸׳˶ͺһȺͻ֮еġһ㡣
ʱ˫ֻأ΢ͫɢɽɲǿϢ
ǿߣ
ҢСַԺиֳ֡
ֻǿߣһǴϣߣһҢУҢԪѵһţ۷ʱ㹻Դسɾǡ
Ȼ١ַµʵһۿҢеǳ
ǰǿߡ
ңѾǰ۷ǿߣֻһ̤ǡ
һ̤롣ʥȻ٣ӡʥƼûҪͻһ̫ѡ
ৣ
Ңַ壬üͷ΢΢һšҲǿǰ࡯ȴӦϢͺһͨƵģƫƫȫѹ
֡
ڳڿҪ飬߿ص˵
Ңһַ壺ַˣҪһˡ
һ󣿡ַ΢
Ңһͨᣬ¶Խ棬ҪĻرҪ֮£Ȼֻߵȴƣжˡ
Ҫãַ
ҢһҲУ궼С
ꣿַüͷ΢΢һء
Լûʱôá
Ҳ֪ȺҪ壬ҪۼȫǿߺѣϾҶиҪæҪȻһӰȫ
ͷᣬûĸǿй
ַ΢΢ǰص˵鷳ͨһ£ĳнҪ֮¡
Ҫ֮£
ص΢΢һ漴һЦ֮
һ࣬кνҪ֮£ҪȺҪ飿
䲻Ӧַ֪߰ˡ
Ҳ̫⣬ԼͻȻ̬Ⱥ֮ǰԼܻһ£ȴûҪ
ܿ죬Ի֪һС
ַ̤ȻֱԺȥɫžƽ
صˣϷȴҢжʱɫ䡣



1980 ǿߣ
Ҫʲôص˵ɴ۾ȵ
žϣ
̨ϷҢгѿƵģһ˫ɫͫɢâ˫ȭ͵һգƿޱߣַֻҪ̨̤ף㽫ء
ȻַȫȻں
ôȻǰһ޵ȻɢǼԭ赲ɫһ䣬εֱѹõ
ַ壬κεǿ
ʲôҢɫ󾪣ǿѹ֮ٿȻȣɫһ˫ȭ֮ϣֱӺַ壬ʹǿ
Ȼ
꣡
һȭڿյĿռ֮У˺ַĲӰ
ֱַƿصĽţҲδҢһۣڵʵԸҢвѴ֮
£Ңǰ۷ǿߡ
Ǻ;ǣʵĲ࣬ȫɱ䡣
⣬⣡ҢĿ࣬ȴ֪ղŷʲôһȭڿУԷ嶼û
ǰ۷ǿ߰
ԴУٮٮߡ
˭
ô£
֪ڿô
ڣڳϲõ
һĿͶʱ޲һȴǷǳ졣
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ַ壿
ڳΪ֮һ㵡
ʱӰڶ룬ҢһǿߣҢУޱȾַ塣
УҲˣô£
ڳһȻ
ԺĸЧܸܲղ߶󣬵߰㲻Ӱ졣
볤ˡص˵ϥ¹亹¡
ϣղšҢ
þòãλϡֱַӴϣ¶Цݣ
~~
һΣַϢޱɢȥʱ䣬确졯֮٣֮ǿֱӽҢѹԭַʮ־ʱ产Ȼɴ۾
ţǿߣҢˡ
ǺǿԴް۷ǿߺ֮࣬Ⱦǿ̫ࡣȻԴĩλľǿߣȰ۷ǿǿöࡣ
ɣ
ַɾǿˣ
⣬Ŷðܡ
ڳϾȻ
һμַʱֻһǼСһھѳɾǿߣ
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ͻŴҡַ΢΢Ǹ⣬ֻһʱ䲻ࡣ
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û뵽ַΪǿߣǹǡȷӦЦ˹
ǰ˲̫ѵÿɹˡЦ
ߣȥ磬úһϿ԰գǵϥأȫȻļˡ
ղűߵַ壬Ǿǿߣ
ģ
λϲÿˡֱַӵһҪ
ǰҪΪ˶ֵճŵ
ŵ
Ÿȴǲ⡣
Īǡٿһ¶֮ɫַõ֮ˣ
~~
ڳ޲ǵһ
ûСַҡͷ
ڳ̾ʧ֮ɫԱ
Ҳ֪֮ȷʵ̫ѻãǾۣ֮Ҫõܣޱȿ£ɱǿߣҲᱻһͬھ
ǺͰ֮۲١ַ
ڳһ
࣬٣߳ϻЩ΢
ַһЦɨһ֮ɫӣ㹻⿪ӡ
ৣ
ڳϵ۾˲ȫҢǵɴ۾Ծſͣϲģ˵ôַ壿ַˣ
šַͷ
ǿԼɱˣ֮ǰǺͰ֮ȴռ˲١
⿪ӡ´ࡣ
ڳϴϲ񣬼˵
ǵȴһ죬Ѿ̫̫ãԪҲ˰˸ͨʥؿǿߣ뿪ʥغѶ֪
Ҳû취ܱܲűȥɡ
Ҫ֪ǱϾ壡
εǿ󣬾ǿ֮࣬ұ弸壬ӡˡ
Ǵδ
һŬȺǱǣҢеˡ
һ棬ͨʩ飬ϣǿܹǴԸԸ峤֮λл
ûгɹһֱŬ
ڵóԸ
ǵϣȵˡĳ֡
ַ壡
ż˵һڳϣַܿܶණǵĸǵδһҪʵֵĿԸ
Լ⡣
ȥ֮ذɡַڳ΢Ц



1981 ޴֮
ʥأ¥
һƬߺڰĵವ紵ϮڵһƬĴ͸ļµĺâʱ֮޾Ļε
Ũİ֮Ϣǿ߶ԣ֮˵ȴǾѵء
Ʃַ壬Ʃ塣
ֻϧ߲ΪĴڣһܼ尾ֻ־ǿˣǿЧʴ󽵵͡
ڳΨд̩Ȼ
һʱд󰭡
ʥУطͨΨӡ֮ǿɫȻ˫ͫԵòɣʥصġ
һһľӢ
峤ʦ֪
ɫ롣
δĻ䣬ԺһĻĻʱӿ˳޾˸СֹڳҲһģЩ˫ۣЩݺᡣ
е࣬ǸȺ۷֮ʱ
ȴۿȺһû䣬Ϧ
ָоΪ˵֮
ϣ
¼޿ܵδ
һ˫˫ȵĿַ壬ľͺƱһ˫εץţš͸ǿȴǿǴ˿еΡ
ǻţΪ˵ȴһ٣
ôַǰʥһ޼ʣ·̲޾֮ϵΧƬռ䡣
~~~
޾ռԾ޴֮ΪģʥټһƬ֣ӡڿռв֮УǿѹɿȾǿߣȴѹǿΪ
ԡɫȻ˫ͫ͸ޱȷŭͺ⡣
ʥأԭһռؾʥ֮ԴϳʥرɰϵɣΪʥ֮Դӡ°ԴĴ֮Ԫʮһ
ʮһַ΢
Ũİ֮ʥԭһɶ
ҲȻλȺ֮Уһ£ԷǵСȺڵĿռؾһͨģ
Բ˵ĺҲޱ壬塭ĿռؾǵĸԴȪ
ϳ̾һԭʥ˥ĺˣһͻƾǻϣƫƫӡĴڡ

ַͷ
ȻʥԶձ󣬻űʮ˶ȺǿȺЧӡĴڣȴΪѹյһݡ
ǳ漣Ȼ

Ϥַǰ޴ָۣ֮оޱȵϤͺһٿ֮һݣַ˲ʱϿǾ޴֮ۡ
񣡡
һģһ
ĽӴַ֪
ΪǿߣϢжϸֱָģֻۣ֮۴Сѹܶ࣬һġ
Ȼ򵥡ַ֮ʮ־
磬Ⱦǿ߸µıմڣ֪Ƭľ޴֮ۡӡǾ޴ۣ֮Էͨ
ս̼
κҲãѳɾǿߣַһЦ
·ϣԼѾӴϿе֪⿪ӡķʵܼ򵥣֮Ƴ䡣
Ϊ֮۵Ȼ෴ģʶҪ֮۵
֮⣬޽⡣
ؽһǿ߽Уʶ֪ƽ֮
廹ϵˡ
ڳȳȥɣδַ֪ƻʱ޴ʱ鷳Ҵ˴̫ǿԪ
Ǿȫиַˡһַ壬ַΪǿߣʵΪԴޣǿߵλϡ
鷳ַˡ
ַ˶Сġ
ҵиˣ
ڳϾǸףĿ¶м֮ɫ
Բ裬Ͼƿ֮ʱȷʵܻΣգǴֻʵδسܵסνܡ
İɸλҶ߾ܡַ
ڳǸлԷθ
ǵԪһİǵˣů
۳ɰܣַĴˣõõĵطҵȸǡ
ַһЦ
ӴϿóƳ֮ٲȻ򵥡
ϾƳ֮Ҳһǿ⣬Ƿܳɻδ֪֮ȻǸǿܰȻ뿪ŶԼ˵ҲʲôΣա
ܿ죬ڳһһȥʥعֻʣǾ޴֮ɢſɲѹ
ַ̤һ롣



1982 ֮
ʥףչַ֮֮
׿ԽķĦzۣķɳƵϾǼ𶥼⣬ϼǿǿȣ㣬ѳΪơ
~~~
ƹѿƬռֻ硣
ռĴɼ
֮ӵǿĿռƿһƬƬռһΪģγһ޴
꣡ͣ꣡~~
һ߰Ŀռ֮Ϯȫ޲𹥻
Ȼַ屳ϵ֮ĶɵǼĹַ㲻ܵκ˺
ǿһЩľǿ߾Ͳͬˡ
ô󷨣ߡǳԵŨ࣬ѹۣ֮γɢȥ
ڣϡɾʥϢŨȫڸǲס
ǿİַ֮־ϲ
ԶпռԫȻܸоʥġԴȪ絽£һ˵ز
˼顣ַ尵̾
ʱ˿̣ѽ֮ۺӡȫ֮Ժֻʣʥ֮Դ
ĸ
Ԫǰս󱻷ӡ
ʧȥԴռؾ֮ʮһûɢֻǱӡˡ
ӡͬ
ӡǽһطöһƬι޵ĿռڣԴˡ
ΪСޡĴڣʥĵġԴȻԴԴϵزʥľǿԴŻ֮
ԪĻۣȫһƬ޿ռڣ
ַ֮𵴣겻ѡ
ʮһѾάʮ˶Ⱥʵʣ³90%Դ֮Ԫжۺ
ԣ֮ԶпռԫĴڣԼоõ
ܽաַкȻһԵĺѵõĻԵ
Ч䲻Լʥ֮ԴԪҲϡ
ҵİ֮ħƣܻں̵ܶʱڣ硣ַڴ¾㲻Ϊ壬Ҳƴȫȥ⿪ӡ
Ϊ˵ĪĻ
ַۣ֮ϲãȻž侲ϸ֮
岼£һȺģͨ
һ
żʹַۣ֮ĴתƣһһϸڵĸӦ۾ǿ߱ǿָ
֮󹹼Ҳ򵥡
ȣ֮Ϊģҷӡʥ֮Դ
δ󹹼ܣʮ㣬һ˲㣬عԴԴͷѹۣ֮γ֮ĸ
󣬱޾ռĿռ֮УЩ֮۶ģԽʩ谭
߳꣡
ռ֮飬֮
ǿҲǿżȫûκιɣѹ˵ǿ߻Ҵ档
ǿߣҲ޷ʱ
Ͼռ֮е̫̫ࡣ
ԭˡַܿ쿴ס
ԭȷʵܼ򵥣ֻҪĵ֮㹻ʹѹȻƳȫϡ
֮û֮Զһۣɳʥء
ʥʮһ
֮ʧȥ󷨸ۣ֮ǿȴ֮ȥͷʥ֮Դ
֮󣬱߽֮⡣
ȷַҲʲôëԼһͷҲһһ˳Ψһ鷳ȡ֮ۡ
ΪǾǼȡõ֮ҲҪǼ𣬻ʮۣ֮һٸ֮ۡ
һǷ㹻ҪҪȫҲܺϡ
ϾҪԿĴԭʹڵľ޴ֻۣ֮Ҫ㹻ѹƽ

ܾﲻԡַ
岼µ󷨣һȺûô򵥡
ߣ岼µôĴ֮ˡе㲻ϳδ磬ַܲǡ
磡
֪ǰ޴ۣ֮Ǿ޴֮ϵͬ
ġꡯ
꣬ѹƣ
ܡֱַӷ񶨣Ŀֱ޴ۣ֮·صеӣĴӴܣ޴֮۾總֮㣬һֱԼ
ĿĴ֮һ
มַ˼ž޴ۣ֮¶һĨ΢΢Цݡ
룬ˡ



1983 Ƶֱ˵
Ƽ򵥣ʵҲ򵥡ַȻ
ֻ֮ҪŪΡˣȻ޴֮ۿ϶ǡΡȥδȥǿδһǿ
һóᢵԪ˧ģȴͽͳ졣
޴֮ȻΪһУ
ԴȪڣ
ȻӺζƾɣַһЦҲûʲôʯάԪ󷨣ΨǱһ壬ԴԴϣܳ档
Լ޴֮
Ĺ
Ϊ֮۲ΪκӵУԼҲܡ
ʵǻǣҪַ̤ڿռ֮У֮ɵһռ֮еĹ˫ơ
Լֻǰʵ̤ǣҪƽ
µԼѽȡ
ʵԴ25λʯ硣
Ƶֱ˵ַйâʴ޵ʱ֣֮ƴ貣ַϢȻǣʥ׶
ãһڵĹ
߻ɵ壬ȫں
֪޴ۣ֮еľ޴֮ϵͬԴϢϢء
Σ
ΪУǸɵף
䣡ֱַһ䣬֮ͨ99%ľ羡ţƬط·Ϊһڿذأ޼᲻ݣ쵶ڶС
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ǿĵ㣬ͬĵ㣡
̣̣޾ռӿ֣󷨺Ȼ󶯣ҿռ䲨һƽɱ˺ҧַ壬ǿռɱ
أ
ַȫ޾壬֮ҿռ䣬Ħzػ֮ң¡֮۵津
䣡¡¡~
Ҳ֮۸Ƿ̶ͺһﱻУŭѣ
ǿķַ屻ûһ飬ˡ
Լܸо޴֮۵ķŭΪԻ·Ƶġ
ৣ
޴֮ȫѣ͵ռѡ
¡µ֣Χռȫݣ޴֮ӿֳ֮·һֻ޾ſڣؽˮǡ

磬ƽ˾
ַϴδֹһǵþǿ߶ǳ֣ʱԭһʵǿ߷׷룬ع
УǾ޴֮һ߸ϣɨƬ硣
û֪Ǻ֪ĴڣϾ˭ӵַôǿĸ֪
ٿء
̣̣~
ռ伱޴֮ɢޱǿϢһ˿ŭ·ڰ
žϣž
ռ伱仯ʱ֮УϺɫ֮ۿһѷ죬Ϻɫâƣ̤һɮǿߣϹһüͷ΢ء
ߡײ׹
ţɮǿɨܣأ
һǿߣԴеλĳǿߡ
ߣǰѿײ׵
ɮǿһȻһֵ㿴ȺôҼǵáϴβǸֵ㣿
ײɫЩѿǡ
֮ǰַһսײ˲ᣬĴ˸ǿ߷׷Ϊײ׶棬ԼҲǴ̡
ް
ҪǸַ壬Ūأ
ҼǴˡɮǿߵ
ײװҧҲû֪ͣкηԸײȥ졣
ɮǿߵԪǰһսǿ·ӡ御ӳ죬ܡ
ڸոգµľѪӡɶˡ
ʲô
ײ֮
ɮǿߵܽƻ谭Ԫʼ޷ȷ׼ȷλãֻ֪ʮеġа򡯡
а򡣡ײһ
ɮǿߵʱӡɶλӦҲ¶ͷľѪΪǿңʱамҵ֮أһ򾡣
ײȻǰаߡ
ɮǿߵȻûоǿߣвɴ⣬ʱƻӡ֮ģʮ֮˾Ǿǿߡ
ײЦؽİ֣ڴΪ
ײ׶׵һ˿©
ɮǿߵͷúñ֣ɱѵͷò˶ñ㽫ƹضйԲ㡣
ײԴϲײ׶֮У



1984 գ
Уԧޣ
ַһη𹥻쵶ԧٶȱٶҪһ룬һʩչ಻
ڵ֮ͨ99%ľʩչ£Ǽϡ
ַ꣬嵶䲻󣬵һֱȲǿ100%֮ͨ磬Ҳһ֮ңֻһѡ
Դǿߣһ
Ʃ統պַսĸ
ܴ֮ͨ100%ַôҲûӮ
ֵˣַ΢£Ц
Ĵ޴֮ۡǿ

ִʴ޵ַ֮δ֮ħơ
һΪ̽ҲԵ
Уçأ
ַĿǰյ쵶ǿһУزçѹأ㵶̩ɽѹȻ£ֱȡ޴֮ۡ
ʱ
ϣ
ռưѣһɱϮſռɣ޴֮۷ŭ쳣չҷΧһشؿռ֮вַ幥ֵ֮
䣡
޴ۣ֮һˡ
һ㡣ַ弲֮һֹǽȫ°ޱʵûа˿϶
δʩչⰵںϣԼĹԲçأѴﵽмǿߵˮ׼൱Դ31-50λĹ
ֻǸƷɼ֮ǿ
ȷĹѷɫֻ࣬ռɱͿռɣƿռ֮Уһͨ
Ӧòֹɣַ⡣
ɲǼ䣬޴֮һɫַ֣һԴ𵴣Ծ޴ֱ֮ӹ
ȻɱСַһЦ
ǿı꣬޴֮۹Ȼ깥Լǿķպꡣ
ɵ
ѹ֮ѹԪַס
ӡȻؼ֮ҲǺǿģ˶ԼķԴǿǿģǿģͨ
Ͼ޴֮۱ǿӲķĸսԴ20-30λǿߡ
ʯеһǿַڿգʱйâһɫħħ֡
̫ԡ
޷ƶ
սۿۡ
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ַ屩У밵һ壬γ΢ų⣬ศɣ֮ƺͰ֮ħƣ໥Ҳһ
ⰵںϵĽ׶Σںϣ
Ԫĵ׶ںϣ

ַս·ڿͬһУԶԶַͬһʩչֻǸǲΣҲǳǿ
ڣѳеǿߵĹ
֮ǰСçءҪǿ
䣡~~
޴֮۳뱩ŭ˲ᣬַĵ̫̫ݣֱ߷޴֮Ъ˹ط˺Ѱͼַҡ
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ͬ翹
ӵԴʯػַ壬κ깥ߡ
䣡
䣡䣡
һһַѪڷ
꣬ʱиǲ֪ټԪѵһԽ߾ȫһսĶ֡
գ
㹻ǿ
ַԼҪʩչԧޣԻɱ޴֮ۡ
ڵʵƳµӡ׾١

δô
ɱ޴ۣ֮ƿ֮󣬽Żô
ʥķӡӿռвгָ֣ԭòΪûʥĻԪİ֮ڶʱɢȥӷһա
ͺƽһŴķݣһȫͨ硣
̫˷ѡַԲôİ֮ЦҪľǹ֮Ͱ֮ԽԽã
ͨԪûá
޴ֳ֮ɣһɿƴ󣬵繥ڵ
һɣǷӡʥġ
ַĵԽԽ졣
ǿһ£޴֮ԽԽ˥
޷޷룬ֻܱУͼطɱַ塣ȫַŽ࣬һʼ޴֮۵Ľֱע
䣡䣡䣡
ַ˲䱬ը
޴֮ǿ֮ĩʱó˯ͬߡȥ֮Ϣһâǵ
֮ʧȥԴȪ
ʥδ֣Ȼڿռв֮Уǹɾ޴֮ƿأʼûб
ַ壬Բȥ
ˡִַ˫¶ĨЦݡ
޴ۣ֮ѳ˯
ȥʥȻӡ
ǳ
ƣַ֮Ƚһ˿ռ䲨ֱʹʥĵĿռвƿһӣʱİַ֮һͫ
~
ӰһƣַС



1985 ɹˣ
ʥأ¥⡣
λϼҢǾۼȴһ͸Žţɫأ˾ִٲϢУ
ǣԪ
ò׵ȵһλᡣ
һҪɹ߳Ͻ˫ȭ
ûģַһܽ⿪ӡͨ죬߽
βɹֻ֮Ѽˡɫ԰ףĺۼ֤û䡣
һһģųϳ֮ɫ
ϺҢվţʥڷһգҲգڳʵǿ֪ͬǿ

ǵģȴǻȡ
ٿء
ˣҢеһӦȻɴ۾
ˣǼ·صʱɷ¶֮ɫǿѹͷϲļˣ࣡
ʱҲ׷ײһһ¶ϲ֮ɫм
Ԫһֱڵȴһ̣ȴϣ
εĳԣεʧܣҪȻѹ縺ȺʹΣֵڡ
£ϣ
ʱһһȥڳϵ㣬ԽԽǿϲãûһ˵ȫӦʥĵ̳ɢԽԽ΢
ɹˣ
ַ˳ɹˣ
ģĳɹˣ
ϴϲڼ֮ɫתͷϣʢʱڣʮ֮һһڼͣ⣬ʮ±ٷ֮һһʧ
ûһֱ鿴ţһ˿һûСҢǿϲã˫ͫ⡣
ڳͷЦúϲ£졣
Ǻʲô
䣬ʧˣ
ܽʥˣ
ͨˣҲܹʥأܵҢǿߣǿʥ
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ʥģʥ֮Դ
~~
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~~~~
ԷգҪȥգ֮ӿÿһ֣ʥĲС˵Ǻܴ
Ԫİۣ֮εȿֲ
ٴĿռ䣬Ҳȫ
գ
ֱַȶʼ
˲磬ַڵġٶȿɲ˵Цģ֮ÿһʮԴȫ˵֮κܿԡ
Ȼδܣ˵ʮԴ֡
֮ΪԲĽ׶ΣٶȱԲǿ߿ʮ򱶲ֹ޾֮գȻѸٷֽ⣬Ϊ
գٷֽ⣡
֮ϸ֮УѪ֮У֮ħҫˡ
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ʥ֮Դԭ찵֮Ѿࡣ
ԪĻۣǿֲ£ʥġ
£ȫַС
ð֮ȫȻôవ֪֮Ҫյ¡ַǳ⣬ʮĴգʥĵս롣
֮ħѪӽ״̬



1986 ʥ֮Դ
ʮ֮أа
а޳۳ң֮һߵĸأħǿϲɱ¾ѰΪпڵааȣʶа̽൱֮ߡ
յĿδӰ쵽а򣬱Ͼβͬ
һǰǿߵ֮أһֻͨǿߵ֮ء
£Ƭڰȴӭһ񡯡
죬壡һðСӣȻɴ۾һûͷֻ۾ġˡ䳤ͷ֮ϣ¹ǣͫǴ׵ɫ
Ǵ˵е壡
ֻ˵м
ǿߣʶĶӳȫˣֹסزǰǿֲͫǾǿߣ
ǰǰðСǹŵ亹ֱ
ߣ
ٿһֱ͸ðСһͫײҰף߿Ѫضǵʵֵסǿߡ
ûһ˿ܡ
꣬ȫѡ
ϡײɫ䣬вһ˿ŨŨ⣬ЩǸΪַ塯ܴ࣬裡
ɱЩϣҵ֡
ײβҲһֱۣȥ
֮࣬ǡ

ʥģԴ֮ڡ
~~~~
޾֮ӿ룬ַŨµİ֮ɱȸԾһΣȫϸȸԾޱȡ
ʵ֣ӦѾǸߵǿˡ
ַԼʵΡ
ǿ߷ΪȡеȺ͸ߵȣ֮ǡ顯
ǿߴ൱ڸǵǿߣԴ51λ֮еǿ൱31-50λǿߣߵǿ൱Դ11-30λǿߡ
ֻǴţϾЩθߣЩսǿ׼ȷ֡
ַ֮ǰսȽϸߣΪǿߣսﵽߵǿߡڣδﵽеǿߣսȻȻ
Ȼ֮ħɱĽ׶Σַ˿̸оͬ
԰֮ԪĸӦƿأԶԶ֮ԪأʱΧһƬڰ֮ƣȴһ㡯Ĵڡ
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ɣ
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Լİ֮ħƣͺƶһźģ˸Դ֮ԴԴϣ֮ߣԼܸоʥ֮ԴĹɣޱȸӣ
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һȶĸ壬һǿĴڣĪԼͺǿ޷ʳıΪԼӵһ˿ڴ֮С
ΪҰ֮ħƵɱ䣿
ΪҰ֮ȫﵽԲĽ׶Σ
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ʥ֮ԴȫͷŰ֮֮ħա
԰ַüͷ΢΢һأʥ֮Դٶʵ൱֮죬Ƭʥİ֮ĻòԪ
ˡ
˲䣬ַǻȻ
ʥȻסϾһռ䣬ֹۻһʱֹͣͺһ޲ٴȥȻͱˡ
ʥ֮ԴȻǾһʶģֻ˵һЩ򵥵ʶ
ȻҲԼİ֮ħѪˡ
оеԲס尡ַһЦԼæԼǵġʥ֮ԴգֲɱʣȴҶĸо
˵Լô뿪ҲܹЩⲻȥ
ȳȥ󣬿ôǰɡַͷ



1987 Ȳ
˺ϣ
ֱַƿռӡ뿪ʥġ
Ǿ޴֮ȫӳ֣ƿһռѷ죬˵޴֮Ǳɱó˯ֻʣһļӳ֡
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ǰǳĴ޴ۣ֮ϢȻޣ֮ǰвͬ¾޴֮ϢĵΪ˯ľ޴
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ʥʵʧȥԴʥûκ⣬ʥطһҲ˵ѵʧȥֻʣµ¥
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ԴڵʥأɱȺڵĿռؾ
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Ȼʮ˶ȺڵĿռؾһ˵Ҫǿ١
ԺֻҢ츳ǿߣܳΪǿߡַвһϵʵ˳Ϊǿߣһֻʵ˲ܳΪǿߡ
ߣܶࡣ
ˣ޿أҲνټƽʲô
һע
޴ۣ֮ȥ֮󣬷ûк󻼡ַȻֱӾ޴֮ۡ
ʱ֮Ѳ
ɢֻʣ΢ɼһ㣬ྡɢȥ
ھ޴ۣ֮˯֮ʱʧЧһ޴֮۸ԭ֮󽫻ٴοٴλع顣
Լһֱﱣ壬ȻӦ壬Ե߾ȫ
󻼣ԭʥģ⽫ʥʣһİ֮ͷţҵһССɡַ˾
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Уçأ
ħʥ֮Դޱ˷ܣͺйԪһֱѹֵУͷһеĿС
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ааŨ֮
һӰȵ˲ƣٶȼ죬ȣǾǿײסʵ˵ʮ֮أضƽء
˵ԲʲôΣղΣյġ
ǿߣЦԴޣ˵ײǿߡ
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ײгӺͲмӦ޵ͷſȥɨܡ
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˷ޱȣ·𿴼ȺĿ־ģνصĽȫһı仯
ܿ죬һϴӭ
Ļᣡ
ɣ
Ԫգǽȫף
ײ״

ײ׻һ⣬ʱӦ֮أͫɱڣ
Ȳ



1988 
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ֺüë΢΢š𣬴вçײ£ʧСӰ쵽ַ˻֮鷳ˡ
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ַ˻Ǻ̫֮࣬лָԪǰ
һڳϾԺ棬֪֮ôˡ
ҢУ򱻰ڳĩ
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˫Ŀ۽ԶԶϤޱȵֻ֮ûյͺһͷͻȫ˯ȥ
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ˡ
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¸¸£һȺְ֣ײִ׿Խ̡Ц



1989 㣡
ײ֮ǰаΪǿ꼫ǿ壬ϢӦޱ˵ַƿ֮ʱ޴֮۲֮ҡ
֮ǵġ£ԾѪ졣
һͬԴĺǿо
صҲûá
۷ȺֻʣСèֻôײĿ¶ӣֻһȴħ֮ϣİ
12Ǻǣǿߣ
ײü価ǲмŵֲİɫͫ˸ǿҲʮûˣʲô˶ϣҲʡҶ֡
ޱӣ
ײȴӵʱʵٳ£һ¾Ⱥ
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Ҳ
Ϊܿ񣬶ϣΪʲôܷ̾ƣǿһʱѵѪ֮С
壡
ô
ˡ
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һãһ
һǻޱȵϲãһѻ;ĩգκϣȥΣͷʥ
ûˣһжɿա
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ָоϵĵλһȺ
죡
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ײҧгݵǰӰеļ糱ˮӿ˳
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ǶԸǿߣΪ屣һ˿ϣ
ڳϺ뿪ںַ뿪Ϊַ֪һ뿪ô;ĩ·һ˿ϣʧȥ
ҪӮһҪӮڳжź
ַӮĿ΢΢һżһȴѾãǿߣ
ͬǾǿߣʵԺܴ
£ֻΡ
漣ĵ
ಣַ嶯ˣǣÿһϾġ



1990 ̫ǿˣ
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ѹײ׵׵֮ڣȴ壬ַ岢δʩչ֮ΪûҪ֮ʹӰ졣
ڶԸײףһѾħ㹻
ҪѪַûб֮ʵԶգ֮ͨ99%һʩչƬǴ䡣
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ַҪӮҪֻܿ漣
Ǵˣĺס
̫ˡڳϰ̾겻ѡ
Ǹǿǵꡮַ塯
̫ǿˣ



1991 壬ؽ£
ƽģַ塣
ʵɱײױ׾٣ʵɱײ׵ľǿ߲٣һɵǿ󣬺±屨ɵ츳
ʶϡ٣ɱ֮١
Ϊÿɱһǿߣ۶
ַˣ
лַ˳ȸм
ڳϣ˵Ңжǹײһսǰ侪ַǼ𣬵ӡͣڵַ崳ʱ
һʱ֮ת䲻
£ȫóϷ
ַǿԲǵ峤ͷ츳ʼȥΪǰ峤˵϶
ɱײףڳȫ۷
ڳСһ׮ַЦЦ
Դ˵С£ҵ˵ȴǴ¡£ַֻ֣ԴûһĴڡ
һ㣬ǾҪ壡
ӳȥһЩˣҲֻǹӲдκζɽĻᡣ
˶ͬ죬һݣϲϵЩʺͼڳһٴθףġ
ַЦҲˡ
Լȫڳϴ˿̵飬ͬܡ
м£ҵøλַȴ漴Ƴ֮ʥ֮Դں֮£һһ
Σڳ϶֪Ȩ
ʲô
ʥ֮Դûˣ
ô
ԴľŲģڵء
ʥ֮Դ˵̫ҪһȺĺģϣ¡һжɿա
⣬Ⱑϳ̾һ·ʮԪĳͷɡ
壬ʼɱ¾ء
΢΢ͷͫвɣޱȣǺ峤һսǸģֹɱ¾Ѫս𲽳ΪȺ֮һ
ַҵκι֮⡣϶ַʥ֮Դ񡣡
ʼգءַǸ
ϳ̾һж⣬ʥ֮Դжַ˽ֻ֮ߣʥ֮Դ֮Ϊ䱨ѩޡ
Σ˶ľ֮ȴ޿ûдû壬ҵʬѺ̸ʥ֮Դ
ϵͷûҵȱɱʥ֮ԴҲ֣֮飬ֻ»ᱻҵЩĺ
߳ϵһһ޷Ķ飬ʥ֮ԴҵȻˣνΣʥʥ֮Դв֮ЧԴ˱ɽС
Ң˵ؿڣĿ⾼ȻʱգбһΪ˫ǿߣ
Ե·ˣڳϻǺġ
ַղŻɱײףڳϳ̫ľѳۣ佻һǿߣƴ֮
ڳԲȫóַƷС
Ŵ»߲ʥģҲַ֪ѣ˵ʥ֮Դ֮ɣʧ˵ȵȣ⡣
ַûô
ƷԣڳϾмӡ
ʥ֮Դû˾ûˣνһ
ûʥأܼʥ»вư֮ܰҢпʵԪǡ
һȺֻҪ˾ǿߣϣ
գգһпܣ
ֻҪţϣ

硣
~~
һصĿռΧȫ˺ѵĿռƬռӣͺһͼģƿ硣
ϸȥϺɫâһ޴֮ۡ
ھ޴֮۵ģһģʵ꣬ϥǲռ֮УɢſɲϢ졣
ԣһϹһǿǹվ˫ֺʮǱײף׶羴ġߡˡ
~~~
ǿ߿ʵ¶һĨɣͷϺɫ֮Χռɢŭ֣
ôˣߵ
ߣϺ֮걥ŭһ࣬ҾѪ֮ײҲɱˡ
ײˣһأ
Ϻ֮üͷ壺ˣǿ
붯˫ֺʮɴ߲СڣľȷģֻҪһԴĶ֡
ûϺ֮ſ˫֣죺ʱڵң츳ǿ֮ʱò˶ãұƹض
ʱԴޣҶ֣
壬ؽ£



1992 峤
򣬷ˡ
ȺŻգÿһ϶ݹϲʤƬУ겻գӭϣ
ַ˰
ַ˿Ĵˡ
Ե·ˣڿǣַǰǣ
ûַˣû壬˵棬Ƴ䣬ʥػԻ֮ʱ峤֮գ
Ȼַ˷ˣַ˿Ͻ峤֮λҾ˫޳ɣ
Ҳ޳ɣַ˵֮
ʥĸ飬ڰػ򣬴׮ϲ£¡ص˽Ĵַ塣
ʱַһʱ޶
˵ûһ˷ԣޱӵ
ǴҵԸַˣҪܰϼȰ
ַЦˣ֮ǰҾѾ˵ˣ峤֮λʺң㻹ѡ˰ɣ壬ټ壬ߣұϾ࣬ħ塣
ԭɱײ׺ַ׼ȥʢȴǶ˼ա
⼸գϿνַ󣬶Ȱ˵ϣַ峤֮λͳȺ
ַҲΡ
һ࣬ôͳ塣
ߣȻһڣϸȺν裬Դ޵ʱ䲻ˣܿ㽫뿪ػϵ
ĸԭܽ峤֮λ
ַ˲Ҫκ⣬ԺԴֻҸɣȻȨϵġҲȰ
ǰˣ浱µ棬ԴаһסϵֻҪ˽峤֮λԸΪ˸ǣ
ַЦ
ڳϻǲģһδβͣȰԼ
ֻԼûǸ˼
οһ峤֮λֻȨλʲôҪȺڼϣⲻǼ׵¡
λҪȰҿɾˡַװõ
ڳǱտڣҲΡҲ峤֮λַƫƫβôϽܡ
ҵȿˡ̾
ַ浱´˹棬ҲǼܾȺˮ֮䣬лǸϣȺΡ
ҰǣҲʥ֮Դ֮ѻǷλҲνΡ
ѣܰæƴǡ
ڳ¶ݡ
Ҳûǿַ塣
ߣַ˵ҲʵһȺϣԼ˵峤ϾȺȺͬ
ȻѾҵҲΨա̾ˣҵȷ棬Ե·ˣΪĴ
ৣ
һ˵Ϣʱ֡
һɫĹâͨʯͨ徫ڣĺڱʯ죬Ϣ֮ǿ˿֮
áµıַ¡˫ֵ
£
ڳϽǸס
ַ岻ӾͲ˼
⡭ַ֮ˣ֮ǰײȡʥ֮ԴЩǸ⣬һƺǺܺá
Ҳ֪ȻԼ˵ɱײǺС£˵ȴͬ졣
Ͼһ֣ˡ
ԣڳϵҲס
ðɣҾͺˡַ漴ӹáһǿҼ¶ԴϵѪϹĸо
һѰϵ
ҲȻϾáԭ峤
ֵıַУĪеȴǹ״ٲȻôʺԼΣⶼǼ֮׿Խ
ԳΪһȺ֮
ַ£ڳ¶ЦݣµѾ޷ɣַáգǾˡ
˽ȥգҢٿص
ַͷ
֮ǰԼʹ
Ңͫһи֮룬˿ɷһ룿
ַ΢΢һ
ҢĿ⾼Ǹǿ֮أô߳Ϊǿ߲Ҫһԡ
У֪պΣգ
ǰУ츳ֻҪͰûʥ֮ԴΪǿҲֻʱ⡣Ȱ
ҢеһҲȲˣ
ڳһ̾Ҳ֪ԸٲȻǱַǿ壬֮
԰Ļ䣬ԶϴԭϵĻôͣдģҵȺοϵֻǽҪԿףһѶûС
Ңһ㶣ǻٱ
ϵҲ𰡣˵һ֮ŵԿ׶ӽ20ڿվˡ
Ңеɴ۾ȫˡ
ӽ20ڿվ
ʱ䣬Ң綷ܵĹţ㴹ͷɥȺԪʽҲ10ڿվңȫҲ
ȥգٿȻ䣬һ



1993 һУӭж
ַ塣
ЩȻҢкڳϣַЦû£ȥҾʹȥպöһԿס
֮ǰѪֵҪɱԼԼɱպöһ֮ŵԿס
һھǿߣ峤ѰԿ׼ãеĶַ࣬ҲһֱţԭһֵģȻҢҪȥգǱ
ϾԼҲϲǷ顣
һ׿ԽļǮɱԿ׹ضˡ
˵ĿģַˣҢмԭǾ¶ʱϣһֱյĴ˵ȴδʶ
ֱַȡ֮ŵԿףݸҢУƾԿױɿ֮ţգ֪׼ȷλô
ҢɵɵؽӹԿףҡҡͷ
ַһЦ
Ȼ˽ᣬҴȥַҪˣɲǿЦģǿߵ൱֮ߡ
ڳ֮һ䡣
Ңпϣգǿô죿
ҪһΰɣУȰʥĸո飬д֮࣬ʱ°빦δ֪
νȰѾҢĿ⾼ַ壺ʶַ˵ʵ죬ҹԴˡ
ͰͻƾҲֻͨͨѡ
ҪΪַľǿߣǿߣ
ȺҪģͨǿߣһܶһ棬һ֮ɿĳǿߣ
أҢɫȻ
ǿײһսˡ
ǿߣҲǿģΪǣܷײ׸ǿǸδ֪֮ʵײ
ַǰס
ҢУ츳ѷɫ棬ƽӹ
ҪΪַǿߡ
ƶĳԴǿȺ塯ַҢ˵޷ƥ壬⿪ӡȻҪڵص֮£ԶգԶѹš
Ⱥʵӡ
Ңصͷ
ڳҲˣȴҲַ֪档
ڣǵȷ⿪ӡôǸҳȥ뿪ô
ҡ
һðͷֶΣɱ֮죬նݳʥԴڣƾԪʮԪǿܷȵϵ۷֮ʱ֪
꣬ǿǼ塣
ʵһѹǺ¡ַĿҲãҲգԴΪȥƴɣֻҪǰһ֣ᷢ˵¡
һУӭж⡣
ַ΢ЦɨҢУĿңԶ֮˫ͫ
ȭķһսͬᶨޱȡ

ڳϺдУַ塮ȲѡֶգһҲΪȷûĴڡ
˰ﵽףַԲ屻ҵ塣
һΣʩչƴϺһοɾûˡ
ʵûʥ֮ԴҲǺ¡̾һʧеãͲᱻ巢ˡ
ַȻʧЦҲǡ
ʥ֮Դڣ֮ӿ棬ԻӰ쵽а򣬶ʱ仹ãʱһȻССͬ
һ㲻ֻͬ¾ͻΪȺĻ
壬ӦǿѰңƾ谵֮ԴȪ˿룬һҵڡҪҵѡ
һǡҢɫȻһһڳϸ𣺡һճΪǿߣػ壡

ǧ򲻿ɳǿ
Ҫ³ç嶯ַ˵Ļ
ڳǧЩ᲻ãҲ֪Ңжԣһȷ·ϾҢо͵塣
߰ɡַɨڳϣҢ˵
ŴǰԼһ

뿪
ַɨһаȷûǿߺ󣬷ẓ̇ǰԴǿҲصڡ
ǵĺ֮ء
дܡ
޾ı֮ĻԵǿ䣬Ҳǿ֮
ϱ쾳Ϊ
˵ռؾɵôˣҢк
ַͷһһ磬վһ޴ųһռؾųеӣ໥ײ໥ںϣա
ÿһռؾյĻɡ
֮ţɽСռؾӶٽ֮ء
ŲŻַǰһƬɽݣռų֮أ˫ȻȻҲǵһ롭
Ӧõˡ



1994 
ռޱҡ
ԶԶȥͺ̮ǳ㣬ϷѣʵһռƬɵΪģ޴ųƿһС
ҢпĿת
ȷʵַҲš
ÿһοռı仯䶼ĳضɣԼܸоõȴȫ
ַΪռ̫Ĺϵ
Դޣֻ˵ǣռرۺԶԶͬʱΪԴ޵ĺģԴͷڡ
ԭաַ̾
ɵ磬Ŀռ֮ĿռؾѹֻᵮǿȺ
Լ˽Ҳ࣬ҢԶࡣ
Ͼ峤ͣ峤ʯɽնḻ
߰ɣУһռؾ롣ַ
ǣַˣҢ
ַεҴˣͬƱɡ
⡭ðɣˡҢԵԥ
ٺҴˣҿˡ
ãðɡ
ҢȴЩнϾַʵǱߣһʵ顣ַԼ̫ҡһǶǿһ·Ŵˣһίʵߵ
̤ա
ͣ~~
һһƬƬռ̡
ռ洦ɼҪռ䷨ǼѻᣬعۿСƽԪſһΣҳʱ伫̡
Ҫռ䷨˷ѡ
ңл൱Σգ๥ԵĿռ䷨򶼻Ȼʩչռɱռռɵȵȡ
һǿ߲ܳܡ
ʶҪգʵǡ
ȻŶˡ
ߵвСԿ׽СռؾΣյ۷ǿ߶䣬һǿʼߡ
ǰǶҲɴ⡣
ַ弲֮У֮ĶγһƬռң˿ܵӰ졣ҢθСĻܣ
ַˣΪ羴
֣֡ʲôҢеЩн
һ΢ĿռؾַͷҲأǰΧһƬƬռĴָͺһſǷɳۡ
Ƭ岼ǳ֮
ҢеСĿռؾʹĿռؾͬô
ַͬռͬΣնȲͬͬĿҲͬ
ô˵ɣ԰յһ
²Ǿ֮磬һһ磬վΪղÿһſվ̲һռ䣬ĿӴĿվһһ磬һǡСռؾҲս׶ˡ
ÿһСռؾմųӰ£ֲ˶
ǺСռؾײֻںϡ
޾һЩںϵĿռؾ׳󣬿ռȵȶһ׼״̬ﵽһֵ˵ٽ㡣
ﵽٽ󣬱ܿųγȶһ磬ǳ֮Ϊվء
ǽмΣվزܹ࣬߸ÿһСռؾǧ򱶣̲ر
Ң˼صͷЩˡ
ַŵվǴﵽֵ䱾һֵĿռųһЩռؾںϣһ֣ĵ
ǵĿȻվأԸսĿռؾԽԽá
ԽԽԽ׽վء
˵ţַͣ
Ŀ⾼Ȼǰ૵ռۺ񣬱ȸղżκһҪá
ٿ
ѽʱ䣬ַҲż
궼ȥںôʱ䣿
£ҪҵĿռؾ
ϾСռؾãǧײվضС
һ죬һ졣
ַϸɸѡţռؾûһҲаˡǧȻҲвظģֻǲ벻
Ҫ룬Ҫһ֮ŵԿס
֣ôҢָǰ
ٴһ㡣ôռؾַ徭ҲǷḻࡣ
أ֣
֮ǰҵǸ󡣡
θߣַױܸӦ
ӿռѣжϿռؾСϾĿռͬġ
Ѱ¡
ռؾʮ
ˡַǰȡ֮ŵԿףҢѼͣȸȸԡ
~~~
֮ŵԿһȡǰռؾչϵͺƴ˲ϣռԼֳһ޴֮š
꣡~
ǿŵؾп
Ƚ߼ַҢ˵ÿһ֮ŵԿ׶ֻܡһ֮ţ˽룬ֱ֮ӱʧ
õģ֡Ңǵͷ



1995 
~~
̤ƿռ䣬µ硣
оǽ˿ռв㣬޾ռ׹۶ܿϷӿӿĿռ˺ѿռ䣬ԶԶɼ֣ƹ
ɲǡַ嵭һЦ
ǣȴųռؾֻ뼫ԶԿһʮĿռؾһſŵ飬ھ޴б仯ϡ
Ŀռ൱ˡ
ַԾĿռԪأꡣ
ѾԴ֮أձҪʤһԼֻСռؾյռԪǸŨռ䷨ǿҡ
ǵĺģȷʵסַͷ
Ψ֮أܵǿߺͱÿһοԴǿ֮͡
~
У޴֮Կ֣֮һ㲻ԿףʶһտʱŻȥǿߣҪѰһԿס
ܴظԿס
վؾҪķԿסַԴ˺֮ǰһʱϢЩ󣬼壬ѶϢһϾȺǿѾ̫Ρ
Կ׵ıʣն
֮ͨĵ࣬Կ׵Բ䣬ԲġҪߴվأҪĴԿ׸ɡ
Ҫ룬ȫ濪ԿױʶֻһΡ
ֻһѣܲŪһԿסַ㣬ϾԼֻȥһվأ߸վأÿһ̲޾ͱʱܶȥǶೢԡ
ÿһվضҪһԿס
Լ£ֻܽһΡ
ҪŪһԿף˵Ҳ򵥡ǿ߻Ҫһ£ǿ߾ûôෳգڵԿףֻҪɱһǿߣܻԿס
ֻġɱ޹Щݡ
ַɱϣȴԼԭΪһԿɱ޹
һռؾԽ󣬿ռԽ񣬵Կ׵ĿԾ͸󡣡ַɨܣԼڵƬпռؾУܽǰʮ
ʮ֮˾žԿףҲֹһѡ
Ϊ˽Լɸѡ£ʮռؾѡ˵˷£ֵá
˵꣬ʮ꣬Լʡꡣ
ûоǿߣһʼѡСĿռؾҪվسߴˣȻҪһδνĿռؾ
ռؾ֮ײںϲǳеģ»治ܴСռؾ
飬ǰ߹·ʱȷʵá
¿ûǿߡַ弲۶˫Ҳǿߣ͵ûؾˡ
յǿߣ١
аǺ;ǿ߻վأԶһԵؽռؾȻٽӴվء
ʶһЩĿռؾбȻǿߡ
ûУǾ˵ռؾѺߴվءײЩǿ߶뿪Լ͵һδߴվײĿռؾ
ϾһռؾҪײߴվأίʵЩС
ҢУַ嵹ôġ
ǰǶǿߣǿ߽ıͬǿձǿԵģǰǶǿߣϾǿߣȻͨռؾΣղ
ǿߣ̫ˡַЦЦ
ԼϣҢײǿߣȴϣԼײϣǡ
׶
õԼǱɡ
ԼʵȻԩԩг𱨳
ײף׶
ɱ޹ûȤ塭ȴжɱ٣
Ⱥ࣡
ַ屾Ϊǲݣ˵Ƴˮһ岻֣ͬκĴ
ֻҪǾֱӡ
ɱ

ռؾܴ
ͺһ޾½أžŨĿռ̤޹ַʮ֮һٷɳţδʩչȫ
һӦЩƬؾҪú̽Ѱ
˵ֻվزгƬռؾǰʮ̲صıҲпܳ׿Խεı
¼ѶϢС
ЩСĿռؾ׿Խεı
ֻǼ⡣
ؼÿԵ
ңͬ׿ԽƷҲиеͣͬԼ֮׿Խмߵġ峤죬ͺͨˣԶ
ĿĵѰ٣ַҲƽģϾڱҲȱ
ҪѰԿ׺ǿߡ
ޣѰ˴Լʮ죬ַն



1996 
һƬĿռУƯһ͸ɫ̲նһĽᾧ壬Ͼ
˺ϣ߷ϣ
ΧĿռ䲻˺飬и̲˵ߣҪõȴҲǼ׵¡
ռУҪܿռĿռ䷨
ȲʩչȻҲСɼϿռѣһͨǿԶ޷ӽ͸ɫ
ߣﱾҲſռڱλá
ڿ౦ｫȡܰ쵽û˾׼ĿҪ㹻ǿռ䷨
ʵֱӽȥá
ৣ
ַ֮ڹʱ롣
ҵĿռֱӱַֿ֣֮͸ɫﲻϱ仯ַٶ֮졣
Ἶַϵⱦ
ڣѵкܳ
ڿռ֮УǺ
УҲֲҡַЦЦҪȡἾҪôԼһпռ౦ܵ
ҪôǾǿߡ
ǿ⣬ֻ̾
Լ˵ֻһá
ΧַϢӦɢȥһ˵ıԣ׻˵ĺãۡ
ܵĵطȻһ鱦ء
ȻַܿΧҵѵʯʯҲܳͿվƴڣֻռһ㡣
ʯڶ࣬󣬵ۼֵվȴԶԶ֮
ʯ˵ҲǧվἾޣعʵַ΢˲һЦ
˵ԼȱǮǶơ
Ⱥжһһ㹱ֵ֮ǰǰԼļҵͿ࣬òһ
ַҲڿռɨ죬㡣
Ÿս²д5ڿվջַݸһЦѹִһѷضҪȷǱ
һԿףʮڿվҲֵá
֮ŵԿףðǿ߷ġ
˵ǿҲҪϾǿ߽ΣպܴʼߣǿиǧվѾʮڿվк̨Ȼò

ûô
ǰˣ֡
ؾзɳ۶
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һǿ;ҪĶ࣬ͷǣɫβշмΪɣȫκαͿռ輫ǿ
壡
ԴգΪ塣
Ǿ֣ǿ츳Ϳռ֮൱ס
ಣǰһ֡
ǻʱһһǿ߲
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ûע⡣ǿͳٶȺܿ죬ﵽʮ֮һ٣Ϣȫо
ӦòǾǿߡѪͫ
ǿߵͷԴʮǿߣһЩδģԼʮңò俴ĲǺ䣬װ磬ȷҲܿš
ӦͨǿߣǾ֮ͨǿߡǿߵǰ߿Դһ㡣
ǿܶ࣬ǿ߳ͻƣһİǿ߷ΪסͨǿߺѼȫ
¸£3½ؾۼˣ֡Ѫͫ
ǿߵû취1ź2½ضѾײվأԸ3½ġ
֪ײĿվأұȽȥѪu֮غڻĵء
Ϊôײĸؾȥĸ
˵ǣ~~㾫ͨռ֮ҽսɱǿҽΪǶǿߣ޾۷ǿߣҲԱ֮
ԣἾأҾһж
һһٶȼ죬ӽ֮һ٣ܿ㵽Ŀĵء
Ѫͫ塮ǡҺɫβһ۾͵һɣûˣôûˣǰûģ
ǿüͷһ´
ܰǾǿߣȻǿĿռСѪͫ塮ǡؼۣһ𾪣˼⡣
׿ԽռҲԡǿͫһ֮ǰǲǸ࣬Գ򣬺ܱܿ׿Խռ
Ѫͫ塮ǡ͵һ̰ĿΣֱǿߡ
촽
׷ȥп塣ǿߡĿ䡣



1997 ãȱԿ
塣ַ̤޹ɨܡ
ղǺַ壬ַȴһʵαϾмࡣ
˸Ӷ򲻵һ飬ôһ𣿡
ַҲǺ档
ǿߣ˵ӦúǿߵĽûɺˡܡϾȺͰ˴ţ༰
˽ʶнɡַҲδ룬Ͼͦࡣ
ȺǿܵõȥɣʶһЩ־ͬϵֵҲǸսƬռؾûãײǿߣַ⡣
֮Ƭռؾеǿò١
˳ɿܣδײߴվءַ̽Ѱһ濴ûбջһϤһµΣײվغܸؽ롣
ܷҢУַ嵹ôں
νʦţڸˣԼ䲻ʦ㹻Ҫǿһ棬ԵԼĥ£Լ߷谭
ߣҢʵҲ
츳ҲȺ˿ѷɫҢΪԪѵһĳţҲǰǶǿߣȺһ׿ԽʵȰ۷塣
ֻҪϾǿߣܰȻ
ȻҲܴƱ
ٿء
ţַ΢΢һӦϢٽӽ
̽Ѱһֱû裬ϾգǵĺģܵģȺϸأоǿڿռؾ
ǡ
߲ơ
ӦΪἾ
ַתһ룬״š
ϾԷҪԼͼһμӦֱӽսõȵڡصķжϣǸԽԼǰռڣۻء
ȻǷἾһڱزˡ
ԼմԼõġ
˵ؼ5ڿվԼ˵ţһë԰ǿ˵ȴǱʴĿǿߵƽʲϵҲڶվڶ
5ڿվѾܶˡ
ҪǣԼʼնδ¶ʵҷǳԴǿߡ
ɡ
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ͼı
ַͫȻһЦ
Լûɱ޹ϰߣвͶԼ֣ԼҲĴ
ãȱԿءַŻٶȡ

ǰ棡˫ŷ̰ѪἾ4ڿվϣϵսףķбб׿Խĳ򡭡
һƱ׬20ڿվ
צݡ
ԲצȥǿѲģͻȥ
ɱ޹
籾ˣǿʳ
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ǵһ
վŲںŵģ߹ѪһΪȺǿߣΪһӬͷСȥûô
ǲͬڼϱźܶ
壬ȴļѡ
Ψ
壡һͷ̲޾֮ӿɱ⾡¶֮˺ν֣һɱһ
ɱһ˫
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ûôϻɱֵΨһּɱˣ
ֱӵķֶλɱĿ꣡
߳ΪĶɱ֣ǵĴɱԲ˵ЦģӽӽʼϢֱɱ¾һ̷źȻ֡
Ϣ
ȴսˡ
Ƕǲֹóɱóս
ͫຮâҪǰྪʧı飬ϲŰĿУǿ֮ϵˬ죬ԼЩ֮˵Ŀ־塣
һΣûп
һŹŲӣɽһоƿء͵һ⣬޾ɱ
Σգ
Ǵһɱֱֵ
¼ϣòԲֻҪǾǿߣлɱֵĿܣĴɱĶˣٲҲܱס
Ϊһɱ֣ɱǱزٵġ



1998 죡
~~
ַ֮ĶǰĿռʱҡ
ԭߵľ룬˲ַ·˼Զռҵٶ̫飬쵽ǸӦΣҲҪʱ䡣
ôô죡Ǵʧɫ
Ϊһɱ֣ĽͷصĿ϶ǰѸײڶʩչһ˲ȴԼ
ûڣ֪ײӲꡣ
ַתǼսϷӡеı־ͫ
ıʶ
пϲ֪˿Ҳע⵽ˡȻԷ壬ô֮ǰԼһ֡
һȫûգͲͬˡ
սϿռԶϣֹ
ֱ޷죡
ҿռ䣿
Ǿռһ飡
׼񣬼֪ǿԮٷġ
ֻרעڹɣɭצ츳Ȼ֣һɫצһʻߣ̲ؼ°ʷ
֮Ӱ٣ٹ켣
ߣǷȫڹ֮ϣ츳չǴҵĿռ䣬ַǰͻؿռ˺ѿ֮ʩչޱߡ
ɣоǵ⡣
ǰĶѾһˡ
Ԫһµǿ֮İ޹ɹ
Ȼ
~~
ַֻһСצӰǴȼСȴǡôȫһצʱصһ
ôܣȫסôҲ벻Ϊʲôľлᱻƽ⣬׵ƽ⣬ԷҲ֮ͨǴԲ磬Ҳץ֮Ĺ켣ǡ
İ֮һѴԲ츳֧ţ
Ѿûʱȥôַ࣬Ĺ˲
ɫĶֱɱҵĿռУһɼǿĽɱǡ֮ңңָӵĽһоƿء
ն
̲ؿռɱ֮ʩչ
´ķҿռи޴ѣһİǶǿߡڡ
ռɱߣ׿Խѡͨռ֮
Ǿǿߣռɱġ
̫ѡ
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һȣҵĿռʱ̮
һɹ쫷ĿռԪϮסַĿռɱ˲ʱգȥɻ𺧡
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꣡
ֱ֮ӱأսȫסһͫгźȻͲţ죬˵仰
Ȼ
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ܣ
ĵ˺źҪټ֣죬ޣһըѣ漴ռɡ
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ǣɴ۾Դһ䡣
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µǣǰʵɲ⣬׾ٱնɱǡҪ֪Ǻһ۶ǰǶǿߣʵ޼
Ȼǿһ㣬ֻǿڱϡ
ˣӦٶȼ죬һԾæ׼ܣһռ䷨ͷŶƬ½ؾ𵴣ת
Ǿͨռ䷨
ֻǰǶڿռ䷨˿ȾǿԴǧȺۿռ츳ѷɫ壬ڵڶ
ಣ紵
ã֮Ԫ羫̤۹ٶѼ죬ȫ½ӽ֮һ٣
˵ѾǼޡ
֮֮Ȼ۷ǿߵٶȣû졣ֵٶȲֻʮ֮һ٣أҲ֮һ١
׷
кƶӵߡ
ȻвŸ߶ͻȻһɽѹֱĵһǰǵϤӰ֪ʱǵ
죡
㣡𾪣Ǳܵرѷ𹥻ɫβֱӳַ壬ϬѹΧռ価Ա
Ȼʵɣ
ҧгݣʱס
Ȼܴﵽٻӽ٣Ա졣
Ķٶȿ죬ʵȱǿѹŶ֣ʵˣֱ֮زز˭Ҳ׷ϡ
Ҳǳصġ
İǶǿߣΪأ
࣬ƾҲɱңо԰ǿԼĹоţƬռ𵴣ռ仯һ黨
Ƽ


1999 ҿܺ۸ô
Ȼͨͨһ
ɱǵһƣ͸ռ͸谭ѹôƽƽһȫûκԣƫƫǡô
ͣ
Ѫһ˫ͫɵñȵ
ԱƼľвŸʩչһ룬ѱϣʶ˲һѵѪ֮УҵĿռΧ罫ᡣ

ַֻɱǣɱ
̰Ĳ󡣡ַȡĴָʶֱƿɫȻɱһͨޱȵһ㡣
ȱԿףһѡ
ַ⡣
һԼͲȱԿˣԿ֣ԽվأձҲԿףԼĸӦҵһⲻ
Щַ巴Ȥζ
ڵ˵ô
֣ļһͦеİַ巭һǺĴָǰϵľҴ14ڿվңڰǿѾ㲻ˡ
Ǹǿ߸У35ڿվ
ңһЩǿ߶ҪߣٲȻеλȽϸߡ
ƩҢУӵİǿߣ׿Խһ׿ԽֵܾѾֹ35ڿվ
壬ɱ帻Ķࡣ
ôңңַҲǲ⣬ǿ߻˵һ㣬ǿߵվ15֮ࡣ
ǿߣûΪһӬͷСԼ
˵ͨ
ҿܺ۸ôַȻʧЦҲġԹʵ㲻ʲôԹֻȺĻƴѣһֱû
ǡĶһ䶷
һսȺ
ӮҲԪˡ

ǿߣַȻûʲôв
ǵһһƿ֮УַҪɱǣֵĻᣬֻǸսգ֡
ǿ߶µַԣ̫ͨ
˵ʮַҪҲɱ
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ʷĹ죬ʱõԲͬ䣬ֱƳ
ͨȴ˰ʷ
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ͬĴԲߵͿԲܶࡣ
ǿֻǴԲһ׶ΣַȴǴԲ׶Ρ
սӲ˶٣ȴˡ
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Щڻͨ
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ַʷ򹥻ܷӳʵһѾڸղɱǺľĲǰʷжǿ䱾ʵ
ǿߣַе25λʯɽƥУսԶǡ
һɵĹҪնɱ֡
ְַӿٶȣ̽Ѱܡ
ǿ߱ɼռؾĺսãԼϢô꣬˻һ֣Ϊվ׼
һ·ǰС
йһξ飬ַСġ
δǿߣһֱڿռؾлƣнصҪ֮أҲռ亣󣬸жϹָĿռֲ
ռؾǳ档
Ƭռؾ̲صĸֹ֮أرԵ߾֮
ַ˵ЩȤյĸо
ڿռ亣ջ٣ֻջ񣬶ս
δҢС
ռؾ̫Ŀռؾ֮һһͷһͷԹٶҪɼ£˵̽ѰƬؾˡ
ɺϣ
ʯַĿһ񣬸оʯ΢൫ϢȴЩȥδκʯټ
ޣ
ַ΢΢һĿܿǰһʯͷѡ
ܹ졣
󷨡ַ֮һֱǳȥһʯͷǿ󷨷ɹȴ΢纳Ӱ첻ַ֡
˲ߡ
ַ峷ȥ󷨵˲Ѹо
һ΢Ϣһʧӣϥһ̣۾𾪵Լƺµ󷨱ƽˡ



2000 Ӧ֪Щʲô
ַŰµŮӣǰʶɼطͬնйʶὫȺıʶǰ
һЩҪ鷳
Ͼ壬ĴȺͰ˴һ㲻ɱԿףĿһҲͨȺϡ
ⷽ棬˴йʶ
ǽˣȴʤƽˡ
£ԲİŮӣȴء
壿ŮӼַǰıʶܾıɻҧ޲
ǰѪҺɫѶȾѪ֮ɫ
ʲôҪæôΪԵʣַԲ൱øеģǰŮ˼أʵʮһ
䱾ʵҲǿֻǸǡ
ԴǶǿߣգȴͨͨ
áŮӶַȻЩɵͽ٣Ŀ⾯ԥһ£ԼҲСһ㡣
ַһʲôرΣյĵطô
ðǿ˵ĵطԼͦȤġ
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Ůü΢㲻֪
ַȻʧЦӦ֪Щʲô
Ůӻࡣ
ַͷʲôر£
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˵䣬Ѳŭ⣬ȴһ
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ϢίʵЩϡ
ǿ֣ȷʵЩ˼飬Լ֪˵ţ༰ǡ
ôᡭ
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عʵŹŮоǲš
šַ֣ȴŮãЦжô
ǡŮ΢΢죬Щ԰ף޹»̫ˣҲաһŻŹ۸ӽ2ڿվƷͨҪ1ڿվҡ
ǿߣò1ڿվ
ϾǮȥǿսˡ
ŮӡᡯֻǸǣȻԿģΪ˽գеǮ
ˣŰɡֱַŮС
Ҫܾȴ˵ڣҧ촽΢΢ףЩǿҽôȻص˫㣡
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ţɴϲʶ
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ǰ֣Լֻ׶УȻԼʯ磬˰Ԯ֣סʱ䡣
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׶ʵԶҪȰǿ
ԣַ԰ܸм
˶ǧǣŮӼǲˣԲܼȣοһŻŹ˵ʲô
Ȼָɡַ˵ţ뿪
ԼϾֻǳʶ롣



2001 ãˣ
Ǽ

ַ֣֮ǰŮ˵شǿߣû˵Ӧǰǿߣ಻ᳬǶ
Ƕǿߣɱżǿߡ
ŮԻţֻˣʶֵʵƶϡ
ΪΪףһΰɡַԭ뿪תһҲôãȻǿشһΣشڶΡ
ңһΰŮֻδô롣
ϾԷѾоˡ
ֱӰɱ˰ɣ˳ԿסַԲں³УڲǰŸձ͵Ϯ
Լſ񣬳ŭ
ǵľǿҲ벻ֺǡǿ߻޼ɵ˵ûʲôֻ֣֮ɱʵߵͣЩʼջҪܼɡ
ɱĶˣ˭л
ҶԴ޶ʵȥ˭˭
ҪȥҺ񡭡ҲʶǡַҲЩĿüͷ΢΢һأչ
Ҳˡ
ǣʵԼͻҹ
һʲôֵǮı˿룬һ츲ֻҪһ㶯ͷȻͻ
ַȻһЦ
Ҫ𶯾̫򵥡
֮չһռʱ飬ֱַͷ֮ܣռҰŽɱƬռ
ǣһȫ
ǿռؾࡣ
ַΪͺƽһڻϣһȫȼһڴԭ̿˲ʱӿ

ڣʳŹ὿ٿһ𣬽΢䡣
ʶϵ󣬹ʶʲôʣһʱܸӦõܸӦ΢ΪַղֹʶǾ衣
ڵһֻܾӡ
ΪѾһɱ
߷ʲô
ѵˣ
ᴵƵ¶֮ɫȻŹЧˣָҪʱ䣬ֻǻָ壬ʵҪָٷְ٣á
ߣָȫʵҲǶ֡
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˵ӺͮͮģŹҩЧؿϵȬϸϱ޸սһɣѻָɡ
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ԣ˿졣
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ȻҪָٷְҪü죬ָ˳սʵò˼СʱϾȡʵܺܿ츴ԭ˳ҡ
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ϸ΢ĶϿȥʵָһ㡣
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㺹ӹ⻬Ķͷ£մ޳Ľëϣڵ棬һҧ漴ȡ譹˫˾
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ߣ
˲䣬
ָ˳ʵһս֮οԼֶκģӵһΣӵ˵ڶΡ
һսܱȱ׽ĺá
~~
һоƬռ𵴣ڸоȫͬǲַ֪Ŀռ䲨ʵδȴ롣
ı仯ܻôһӰ쵽Ż΢ı仯
΢оȫ
һëëϸ꣬һȴ꣡
⣡סˣ۾ĶźɫӰΪϤǽŹǿߡ
ʲô
˴ĶҪ
òᣡ὿ݴ䣬ַ壬ȴ͵ҡͷԲԣҪңֱӶ־ǣô
ߣҪҾͲҡ
ڣ
ֻԴã֪ʲô
ǰһƬģȸлǲ֪룬鷢̫ͻȻѾ˼Χ
Ҳ룬ٿȻ᷼͵һ𣬶Ȼ٣ầȻǰͫ׷ŴǿϢ绢ǰ
һϢذף˫ͫϹһϺɫᡣ
һͬضãɫβɨͷǻŷ֮Ԫأռľұ仯
Ǽ
ãˣ὿



2002 Ѫu
£
һһӰԿ̹ģڲǰɱ룬ֻΪڲ֮ǰõˡǸ

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գɱ¾޾Ҫû˻ĸҲĬյĶԹصԴС
ɱֻΪʵá
ڣֳˣ
ҧ촽˫Щ΢΢ĳǿ״̬Ҳ߶֣˵ֻʣ°˳ʵ
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ͺʱ侲ֹһɲǡ
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ոջ׼צǼɴźȻ־۾ʱҷ
ž~~
̻ţռ˲ʱΪƽ
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ղŷʲô
ĿĶźɫ֮꣬ǰ壬δ֪Դǿߣ
ղţɱǿߣ
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۷壿
ǡ
أأأ٣ǵɫӰȻͲߴ󣬵˿ȴ޿ɺɽ
뵽֮ǰС̣ѡ
ȻҲ֪ʲôǿߣŹˣ˳նݳ
ҲõǼ֮
ĵɣõݹ
ĺܺáַӰĸжѣϸ΢Ծһ£һĻź
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԰գ΢΢һЦҲָò࣬ûʲôҾˡ
ʼգַ嶼ûϻȡЩʲôĶΪѭңҐ޵⣬Ϊǲˡ
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ȫȻϢ
Ҳܶࡣ
ȣȵȣۼַϾҪ뿪Ǻסͫ¶һ˿ᣬ漴һһѪɫƣϱһͷɫޣ˫ͫ͸ޱɣ·һ
㣡ûַ巴Ӧ㽫ѪɫֱַУεǻһĨǳЦȴ֮ǰַŹΡ
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ѪuѨַѪu֮ء
ߴվ׹ÿһض̲޾ܣǧԪ£˵ǵĴܡ
أ޾ԪֹֻⱦС
TأеĶTʮǿߣһ˵Ĵ۷Żɱ
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̫̫ࡣ
顮Ѫuֻ߿飬ܽѪuѨԷǵС
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ǿ߽룬һΨоǿ߲ſǿ
ǰǲðա
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вðյģ֮ǿ߽ҲкܴܡջǵͬģġΣ֮ءܻųһǳ
Ҫңַᡣ
öѪuԼ˵һ׿Խļֵ
Լû´֮Ա׷ɱпܱΪöֵѪu
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һ̾ߣʵյõʱҺܿĺ˷ܣ֤ԼѪu֮أһۣҲŷԼ̫ˡ
ǼԸˣҽѪuѨҲֻ·һ
òȵĻҪ
ֵá


2003 ĩ೵
ַᣬ˵
ķθ֮ԣид
ǰ־ȡѪuȻֱһս׿ʵпᡣ
õô
ٺ
û㹻ʵһֻΪѡ
ҲѪuѨʵվضΣأٲά裬˵վΣյؾǿ߶䣬һ̤ǵʲô
ڿ
ı޾ؽ볲Ѩ֮Уʱ·ûС
ô͸ңϧַЦᡣ
һЦ֮ΪܲɣֻаѪuඣҲҲֻѪuûˡ
ԣһˡ
͵кñɡ
὿εذַһۣԼҲЦ
ַҲһЦ漴Ѫu𣺡ˣҲ裬ˡǼĴָﶼߣм
ܺͲ࣬ӦõֵöѪu
ַԲѪuȻԽǷԽˡ
˵ǼЩôֻܻȡվҲã˵ЩȴǻվʵҲвư
ѪuϵǻҪȥҲδԸ
ʲ㽻׵Ľף˸ȡ裬Ƿ
һģ˵ľ롣
ַ֪ݣǰĵھŸͽܣҲԨԴ
ѪuѨ򵥣˳ѨΣգǧҪСѪuǿߡ֪öѪuѾھǿ
Ȼöö֪տҲھǿϡ
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ҲЩϽȺöѪuȷھǿϣѡȷһǿȥѪuѨҲᱻǿɱ
˵Եߵ֪ǿ˵ȻԽԽá
ûϵַЦЦ
ͨǿԼ治ںʵյǿ߽Ʋ϶һҲǰȺϲΡ
ӮĲ࣬ɱĸϡ١
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ë΢΢һ촽ԥһ£ַ壺һôִ磿
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ᣬַ̡
Ҳǵ֪˲ѶϢƩƬռؾ֮Ϊ3½أΧռؾУƬռؾǵ
1½غ2½أֱİǰǰײվء
4½أ9½صȵȣվײ
һײϣ໹ҪǴһЩáʶ¸ǿߣӿ뵽3½ϣڶࡣ
ԣ3½شŻ֮һķ֮һǿߡַ⡣
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ѹ3½󣬵ǿߡַһ·ۣϢɢȥϸϸӦΧСʻ괬
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ݣյļأѶϢǲ١
Ʃ缫ĽˣƩԼеѪuƩ粻ǰǿΪһ׿Խ֣һȵȡ
3½صƣ˽⡣
3½оǿߴڵģֱ֪΢¥ԼֻءȺǿߵϵܣǿ߹ϵǳࡣ
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˴һͬһľǿ߿м϶жԣʶǿж
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ԣҲ
ĩ೵
ַһЦ
һЩ3½ضײվأһȴЩжˣǰʱһ̫࣬߿ܾ׷ˡ
ƩѪuѨִѪuĶȥˣһǧԼٽȥҪջˡ
ڣкܴᡣ
1½أײϵ·ء
2½أײϵء
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Ѫu֮ؿ϶бײϹֻЩһһǧһС½أ½ؾǿߣҲϡ١
Ͼǿߣǰʮǰ½ء
ôײѪu֮أҲûãΪҪѪuѨҪѪuܹ߿顣
ԣѪuѨ˵Ӧδоǿ߽롣
3½ײѪu֮أǾ̫ˡַš



2004 ½
˵Ƭվظǣյĺģͺһ޴ųƬվأʱżн㡣
ҪһƬվصһƬҲס
οÿһƬվر̲൱ΣգǾǿҲѱһȫֻУվеľǿߣ൱١
վس޴3½ѾǺܴ󣬵վȴС׼ס
3½ײһƬվأȽ˵ַԲں˷һ֮ŵԿףܹѣ´ࡣ
һƬվصһƬվأ
Ҫһռؾվأ
ãܴǧ궼δܳɡ
ַ壬ϲ˽졣
ο㲻Ѫu֮أվͬԵȻ
˵3½࣬ȥɡַҲûʲôѰ㣬Ͼ3½Ҳ̫õı
Щ׼ǰվصǿ߶ۼ½ģһײʱ½ĸ֪ײĵĸط½ĳġ
һǿ߾ۼһ𣬼ȿԽ鱨Ҳϵ飬ʱվػ
ȻַûȤѡ
⣬ҢӦҲǰ½ġ˵ַһʼջЩŲ£Ͼġ硯
Ң䣬뻹ҪٳԪȲš

ǰ3½ġ
·ܼ򵥣ռؾһص㣬Խλãռ䲨ԽǿңռԪؾۼԽࡣ
ԣ˳ſռԪزǿҵķȥû
һ·Ϻƽλ÷ûʲôԵͱַҲϾ꣬λõЩѱ̽Ѱʮٱ顣
֮ǰȷбͿտҲ
Զλõĵطδ̽ѰģЩͻԵϾ3½൱֮ʱ䣬ٸǿ̽ȫ
ܿ죬ʮȥ
ȻսʱЩССʮȴǷƽ˾żǿߣѺõĴкѺõҲֻǲ
˲ַҲǱˡ
ӽˡַӦԽ½ģռԽǿң½طȶͺһӣбмƽȡ
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ϢоޱȽӽһǿߵϢ˲ʱУǿ֮һ
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ʱǿߣǿߵϢ׷ӿ쐻ΧƬĵͼӳԴ֮Уһ
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ֻǿϢ
ǰǰһƬɽȵףһ޴ӣϷӿ籩ĿռռԪؾͺ㷢̡ȴһ˿İ
޷벻Զȴвǿߣֱֱض籩
Ȼγɵǿռ䷨
ռۺжصȻռ䷨°빦ַĿɨȥ֪Ȼǿߣʮ
Ȼ϶ǰǿߡ
ǿԶһռһɽͷ˭ҲŶԷ
ﵹƽַһЦҶͰȴ3½ײվأҲû˭󶯸ɸ꣬Ͼǿѹš
οǿô࣬˭ֱػ𹫷ߡ
֮ǰᱻ׷ɱΪ½̫ԶԼǿ޼ɵ
ǸҶ֣
˵ǿ߷ֱ΢¥ͼֻأˡַҲںʶԷ
ҲҸطĵȴɡΧǿ߶ַĵ޶ãæģַҲ̩֮Ȼԭϲ͵
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ȻȲǿռݵģ߻ۿȥպù½ռ籩
ȻĿռ䷨̶ͨͨЧ
ǿߣҲռ籩һۣΪ˵缦ߣûá
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µԣǱ֮
ַԽԽиͺٰ㣬һһطֲ˼糱ˮӿоޱ



2005 ռ䷨˺ѡ
ţħѻˣ½ģһͦεɽϣһɫս׵ͫԶߵɽ塣
ԣħѡ
ɫս΢΢һüͷأģѹֲء
֣ôоϢǿ
Ϣıô
Դǿߣ͡ҲӵЩϼһɣӦ˻
ɫս۾
ǰ΢¥صı־ޱĿ
һͦεɽϣһȫŰɫɴҲ˫ͫĿԶɽ壬Ц֪Сӣħѵס
ƷǼһôξȻǸļһ
¸£ħǱԸ񣬻Ҫռסж˿й
˼ģܿкϷˡ
ɫɴЦ漴ҲǱͫ
ǣǹɭЦ⡣

ʱַ壬Ŀռ֮С
ڿռַ֮ۺռɱռҵȷ棬в漰Ͼܶ׿Խǿռġ
Ȼֻʩչδͨ򣬵ʮԴһﵽԲܻЩ
ϵ׶εĺɫУ½ŨĿռصĿռ䷨򲢲ϡ档
ңɽСʵס
ȸСȫ
СɽڵʱɽԶ޾Ԫտռռɽ½ĵȻռ䷨
Ƭ½ģܹͦεɽ塣
ŵɽ壬ܿ½ĵռ䷨ƫƫûһһȺ߶ΧռΧʵЩ졣
ΪǿСħѡס
ǿߡƷ׿һ3½ס㼸꣬ȴ˼ꡣͬһطôãеƣԼʮǰħѱ뿪ȥߡɢɢ
ܶ౦½رԵƫ֮ء
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Ϊϵ׿Խ졯ռ졯õģǡǡǿռ˺ѣ磬ַüγռ
ֻϧʼǷȱôһо޷ɡ
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ʩչռ졯Ҫռ˺ѣһ˽⣬˲׿Խǿ
׿Խ֮һȼ
Ŀռ֮עؿƺ֮ȫ棬ƫ򹥻һ㡣߽ϣ°빦Ӹǿ
Ȼע򣬵ǿһУȴǾˡ
ֹӵӵпռ˺ѵǿЧ
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ζţֻҪԼܴ߹ʩչ죬׿ԽĹһ¥
ץʱ䣬뾡򡣡ַżиоϣҲû룬ϾԼɽϣעĿ
3½ʱײվأʱδɡ졯ҲҪһʱ뿪Ͼھǿߵ֮أиǿĥºЧ
һ꣬һꡣ
ַһ߸ռ˺ѣһ׿Խ졯ռ
ܿ죬ʮȥ
3½ص֮أһǿ߹ˡ



2006 غ
̤
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Ķͷϣ΢΢´ס˺ɫüģء
Դе49λħѡ
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һǿɱˣ𹫷ҲǸŭԡ
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վɽϣַңԶĿһ
ħѣԴǿߣַʶЩҲţȻڰǿʶûôȫҲûʲô̫Ҫ
Դе49λһλ
өԴе50λ
ħ壬ͨױ֮ħ屾ó֮ս൱ͻַǵصġ
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ı׿ԽѪ¾սַԲӶ֣Դǿߣÿһѹ׾У˵սڵڶжģ̫ࡣ
һ츳׿ԽʮԪĻۣڻͨ
ܽ׿Խǿս֪
ÿһ׿Խռ൱ֲַӵûһʩչռϾۻʱ̫ݡ
ϧǱϣٹʮӦþʩչռ졯ˡַ屶ϧ
ԼѾţռ˺ѷúʹǣѽӽǺϡ
ǿչ̵Ľ׶Σôϡ
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ϰԼѾɱǿߺǿߡ
֣ҪħԼ
ô֪Ҷ֣һ㣬ַôҲ벻ףԼֵĸɾ䣬Ӧ޷ѶϢǡ
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ַȴǲ֪ħѲΪǿˣΪַ棬ռס
Сȴغ档
ħôˣɶˣԲȥַ彲ͣȻֱʩȭͷѳһ
Ҫ࣡



2007 кϷ
ħѵĹ˵ɱ
ֹЩλǿߣߴɽϵƷͰ׿Ҳע⵽ˡǿ棬ɽƣ벻ע⵽ѡ
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ƷģҲǷ¶ϡ
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˭뵽ûС
ǸɨǰѩƷҡҡͷ̾ůʱԲ£˽ħѵԸŭգ˭Ҳֹˡ
Ҫһţħѿ϶
ȻħѣҲΪ֡С¡ħ˺ûҪߣǸ౾ͷ׷ǹʣ壬ǵ
Լ컯ˡƷ۾ȴǲ̼һĻ
ƷȻ෴ģֻصİ׿񣬴ʱ˫ֺϾؿϷȫŰɫɴ׿֡
״ӲȤء
ħѷɱǸɱ͸ˣ~׿ЦԶɽǸ࣬һЦ
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ɶ񣡣ħѪͫ뱩ŭȫû뵽һɲǼѴ·磬־ͨռ֮ǿߣȻʵǿȴأչ
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ٶȲ죬ȴޱȵĳأ˴ĵ׷
׿ԽĦzۡ
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䣡ħִѪ¾սĦzײǺĦzۣȴһɱĿռ䣬ȸղŴ

ŭħѾͺһͷ˵Ұޡ
ȫȽɫѪ⣬ȫħƴһ˫ͫȫɫȫɱ¾ϢΧǿ߿Ŀɿڴ˭Ҳû뵽һħѣտʼѾԱ
û֣㱻Ҳ̶á
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ٶȱռ䷨ѿƵסǿֱӵ˺ƿռҽ
һֻҡҲ֡
Ʒ̾ѡ



2008 ˭
ǿ֮Уóռ乥ģ깥ģĵȵȣЩΪԶ빥սƿ൱֮ǿ
סսĽ࣬ͬʵľǿֻδսĴ롣
ЩԶ㱻
ʶЩóսľǿӦԲߣħѵķȻȴԵķ
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ħȺһǿطȻȼվѪۺܸߣڶʱǿսٶȣǿȣ˲
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2009 ħ
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2010 
ħһսַ3½ľס
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ײֻʱ⡣
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಻꣬׿Խռ졣

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2012 վ
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һռƬײϵģǽӽվĵλãƫ̫Զ
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2014 
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տʼջ࣬ͼˡַҲ֪ȵǿ߸ϵһȺǷʳֵܷľˡ
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2017 һʧ
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2018 ȡ
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Դʮλͨ飬ʵҲ11λĸߵǿǿöࡣ
ڴǧ棬һͻƺڶǿΪǿ飬⻷У߹ѹõ޷ɱ䡣
طҸأھƽţҲʲôջ񡣡
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2026 Ѫu֮
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2027 ͦ븹
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ΨһƵģħ
ǰǺһ㡣ַҲûԼʵô죬쵽ħѷȫ
׿Խң׿ԽıѰ
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á
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ƫƫ֮׿Խս
һӡ
ѹԣַһĨζЦ⣬߽ʵҲԡ
ħɣ
ԡ



2046 
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˲䣬׿Խáɢһɺڹ⣬ɳʱĨȥ¶ʵĿбܵıؼգ
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׿Խã
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˲䣬һѶϢ糱ˮӿԺ׿ԽáԣʩչһӦȫ
Ȼϵʥ֮ġɡ
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Σֻ̬
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Ϊ޷γɺΧ֮ơ
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2047 ֪ɽգƫ
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ӦʮͷѪuϢԤиࡣһʮͷѪuΧԼʵǿֻҲǲѷɡ

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ΧһдѪu޾ŭַ崩͸谭ǰȻʣȫͷš
~~
ַѨģִãն
һо۵ףޱȡ



2048 Ե
һ޼ʵѪɫԨһ㱡ĺɫ֣ȴʡ
ںɫԨУ֮ѪuУ¶ӣ¶һͷЩȫԡźɫʥ⣬ЩһĺЩᾧ״ʯ
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ֻ뿪Ѩ׷ɱԼԼлõȻѨôѪuޣʮͷѪuԼȥõҲܻų
ʣʮͷѪuǵְʮ֮˾űػʥء
Ե
һҪסַȼ־



2049 ʧ
뷨Ҫʵʩȴס
ȵÿǷļŭѪuޣ뿪Ѩǰ׷ɱҪڳѨеѪu޻ж٣Ѫu
󣬻Ҫ
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2050 ѱȵ
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ֶҺϤٽȻʤʣַüͷ΢šȴǳͷǿѪu⣬ѨѪuĴڡ
ȻͷַסǸӦͷѪuĴڣȥͷǿѪu⣬ͷѪu֮ǰԼδϹ
һԶԼӮ
һѱȵ졣



2051 ոһ
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̶ɲǣַ˻صѨıԵλãֻ̤һΧʷŰĵ򣬱Ťռ䡣
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ͷѪu֮ǰԼһͷ
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̶ɲǣԲŤ仯
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֮ǰԼ㻳ɣʱ䣬ͷѪuг׷ɱԼûǣôá
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Ѫu޲ûǻۣѪuǻ۸ǿͯ׷ɱԼΪձ˴֣˭Ҳκβ˭
ƾԺ޲ýԼʬΣѩޡ
ԼɱߣһλܲܰӳѨ˵ˡ
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йֵľ飬֪һʼַȫԸѿؾơս¾϶ദˣͷѪuͬòȥ
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ŭϮַ˫һδεĹսȼ۷壬ʵͷѪuಮ٣·ʤ
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ʤ־;ģѹ
䣡ַԡѪħȴҲǱѪuش
ţͷѪuѳΪһʬףϢ
ͷַսڣѪĿԡ



2052 һж
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2053 漣
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ޱչһȫǵħǿߣͷһõӡǣʱӡںɫâɡ
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ڽˡ
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ħ˵ͨڰ֮ϲѪuѨȻֻѪuѨһʮֻزŻῪһΣѪuֻ߿飬Ҫ̫ѡ
ɱҶܣħ֣gү޵ɱɢ
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gүйâȡѪuǶѪɫڰİλϣĿЩãһ
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ﹷٶȵǿ졣
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ʱһâ٣Ѫu޿֮Ѫԣgү漴ûǱѪ֮С
ʱѪɫڰλϣ߿ѪuͬʱһĨҫ۹â漴ʧ
ѪuѨڷա



2054 ѪɫԨ
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ȭ˶Դϵİ֮ħ˳㻯ַ˫ͫţָָųˡ
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İ֮Ǻڽ֮صʮַ꣬ڽ֮صİ֮ѾԶѪuѨѪuѨѪu֮صľڡ
ɴ˿ɼѨε⡣
ִĻַۣȤ
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ѵҲҪһ֮ͻʮԴ磿ַЩѣǲ룬ֻǴԲʮԴԲúԶ
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2055 ˵

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ڽ֮꣬òײŰѳѨգƬʥأ޷ھʥܣնһЩġ
ζ֮ǰһжǰ׷ѣ
һа취ַ忪ʼ֮⣬ԼڣĦzۣⰵںϣ쵶ȵȡ
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ĿǰҪѪɫԨֻһǾǸʮԴ磬ͬںϣΪѪɫԨһ֣ܳ衣

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Լƹһ͹һûֱ̫츳࣬Ǽѣʤָٶ졣
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˵

ָǰС
ֱ֮ľͣЪϢָǰСַ嵹ҲµѪɫԨ֮Դ쳣ǿʮԴޱ
һԴ㣬ϵ
ﲻֹİ֮Ũİ֮ԴַϸѪuǣΪãգ
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һˣܰ



2056 ʥ
ʮķʱ䲻ࡣ
ɡ
ʮﵽʮǿķѵʱԽԽ࣬ķַ߰꣬Ǳʮȡ
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ȴһһޱȼ
ˡַиоԼס
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ֻϧÿһ֧ߵѪuǸǲͬеΪ֮еǰ֮еǺڰ֮
Ȼʮ֧ͬһ֮ĸߵѪu޷ʮԴҲˡ
ߵѪuǶҺá
еȺͳȣЧͲˡ
δӺڽ֮سȥȥѪuһЩߵѪuǡ
ַ˳뷨
ڵʵһһ£ԳųɵѪu޷ƥеģҲܹ롣
˵ֻҪΧѪuѨ˵вǲ
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ֻǺڽ֮⣬ŻһʮͷѪu
ȥߣˡ
Щʱ˵
Ҫģ̽ѪɫԨܡ
ˣ
ܿ죬Ҿܵף
Ǳѽӽǧ꣬һ
ַȻڼ֣ʮ㡣

ء
޾ʯ׹䣬ĵ򣬲ֹ󣬴ųǿͬҲʷƾãͻĵ
վӣصһ롣
Ⱥۻۣ֮ǿ߾ۼ
ǿߵ¯޾Ե
Ѫuɽ룬Ѫuޱŭĺ쳹ɽ֮䣬ͷѪuľס֮أأΨǿ߷ʸռһء
ͷѪuֹϢѪuǿʮֹͷƤϵѪuǶǲͬ
ǣӵнɫѪuǣ
һͷͱһͷһ֣ͷϵѪuҲ֧һ֧ѪuСɫâҲ
̻ȥ
á
˭ģҶ⽴
ģɱһҲŹһѪu壬ռҺڽʥأ嶼ûһ࣬ߣ
ɱѪuδ棡

һǧһꡣ
㹻ǿʵҲ㹻ѵģֵܼڡ
ͨǿһѷѪɫԨףԽԽ˭Ҳ֪ѪɫԨж
ʮǧ
пܡ
ÿһտʱ޵ġ
ǧ꣬Ҳ꣬޵ʱ޾֮̽Уֵô
ַ˵ֵá
ڵˡʮǰַѾԼоѪɫԨײľ޴ԴȪԽǽӽײԽǿһ·˵ٲά衣
£һǧһ̽Ѱ˽
ϣ~
ʥ֮ͺһذף̴ѪɫԨһݣӭޱӿǿܽûһƬڰȴܿ貹
ǹĹǰɫ
µİй⣿
ַЩ£ԴһЩе˼άǱƣµƪ¡Թ밵ıʣµµ⡣
ڤڤУƺ֮ͨ
~~
ɲǣַ䡣
ǿоǰ֮ķ򣬿µһǿ߱ĩַ㹻ǿҲоѹ
ڳܷΧ
޾֮ѪɫԨ֮ףΧÿһְ֮Ԫض覣̲żµİ֮
Уξ
ѪɫԨĵײôַԼ٣Ӧܣһǧһͺ˲ʱڻͨʮԴ໥ϵʮ֧ߵѪuǵգӭж⡣
ʥأ
Ѫuʥأ
ôһƬ򡣡ַϢӦ䱻ƣȴޱ̾ޱȣƬȫͷһ㡣
ƺһ˵ĵط
ַһ
ѪɫԨԴͷڣǸղԼһĨ֮˳ŸӦַǰСǿѹжַ֮һչ
ǰ治Զ
ԽӽԽо𵴣֮ħһ֣¶žտâһֺĺĺ
أأأ
ޱ
ַǡԴͷڣһžµĺڰƬصģɢ˵ʹųĺڡ
ޱʥ
ϡ
Ǻڰ֮Դ
ҵˡַ¶ЦݣĿ⾫



2057 þƳ͵
þƳ͵ס
µĺڰ˲䣬ַ֪Լһǧһļûа׷ѣǰʥ֮ԴҲѷɫ
ʥ֮Դ۱﹦ЧӦڶ׿ԽΣֻ֮ͬǲزͬ
ڰ򣬾۷Ρ
仹֪ЧΣɢϢȫԽʥ֮ԴΡϢ죬ڲͬ
žַ֣ڰ
δų⣬֮ħƾտڰγϵһޱȾѪӺڰӿ밵֮ħơ
һ˿һ˿һһơ
ַоԼ֮
ޱ޼ʣڰĸһÿһӣ֮ħʻʢһϸ΢·֣ÿһ·Ỵ̂ÿһ̲ǿ԰֮
̫ǿ
ѪɫԨȻͬ
ѪɫԨУѪӿͺһȡ£ȴɽӿ룬ĽжѪжۺ
ԴԴϣۻ޾
ֵˡַȫĸоС
Ѫġ
εԾǰ֮츳ǿ
Ӹʵһصǿ˵Ƕ԰֮⣬Ѫɱ䡣
ֱӵģʮԴϵ
Σڵ
ͺһӶһ飬һ˶һ飬ܶࡣ

ѪuѨ
صʬףȫѪuһׯϴĹѪu䲻ĵػΧģûһͷѪuͳ죬ȫѪu
ΪѪu
ͷѪuסĹͳѪuޣ
ͨԴǿ߱˵ѪuѪuѨѲѪuѨ˽ͨ͸塣
ѪuѨ󣬵ͼҲѻƾųɡ
ʣһδҲ֪š
ѪuѨأ
Ѫuǣһ֮У
ڽ֮غͿ֮Ƕûз֣Ҳ޷ôΨһпܵģֻѪuˣ
׼ͫףŵֲž㤿ɲ
ޱйɱһѪu
ǿѪuͷѪu֪ܿ׼ɫȻ֮УѪuѨһֻͨ»ܿ
ҲҵõѪuǣ룬뿪
ѪuѨлмЩȥѪuķŭ
Ѫuǣ
׼ư磬ǿѪu̽Ѱеı

ǣֻ׿Խ
ҲǣЩǺڰʵѪuǵģ
׼еĿģѪuǡ
ıƲۣЩ׿Խ޾Ԫۻ֪ٱ׿ԽԴһһԵ缦ߡ
ǣӵ̫౦
ţ
ͨ
ã
׼ûκԥֱ롣

ʱ
ַںڰ޾Уȴʱ⡣ѪǿʮԴ磬ʱžͺƳˮ㣬ٷš
ֱһ㡯ĵ
ͻƣԽ㡣
ĶȸԾ֮ħޱȹ⸴ӵǽ֮ȫڸǣΨҶ𣬳԰
ǰ֮
ң壬ܾ޼ɡ
ǿӿ£֮ɫУȫ˯ǿн份ѣҲڰ֮ħƵۻ롣
֮Ƶĸӳ̶ȣ밵֮ħȡ
ͺһѧửѧһȣ֮
žַ弸˲ǳ봥ڰ֣¶üͷ£ֻһͷǿһĺڰѪӿ룬ɱѪ
Ŀô
Сַ޷Ƶĸо
֮ħƵǿѳƿأͺڵһͷħѣȴûжħ
ַԥˡ
ܸоõһ̻ᷢʲô
ƿ㣬֮ħƽɱµĲΣﵽ׶Σһ׶εǿߵǿߣǿߡ
ڵս;磬һսɱ䡣
ϵ׶εİ֮ħƸ츳֮ﵽʮԴβ£ܿһ̤ǿ߲ΣҲԴǰʮ
ȻôĴۣǴݻ֮ǰһС
֮ƣǿİ֮ħɣɫһ
׶εİ֮ħƣ޷ƿء
ʧȥ֮ƣõʧȥ
޷µġǬⰵں֮Ӷһµİϵ·
ַüͷ
·ǰ
һܻܿǿǰ;δ֪֮ιȻ޷Ԥϵкܶࡣ
һȷΣֱָĿǰʵޡ
Լξ



2058 þ
ôַ֮ܿǰͷ
߽ݾķ
֮Ȼãкܶδ֪ǰ;δʵҲֻǿߣ֮·ôߣ
ںڰ·ϲġ
ǰߵÿ죬ԽԽ
Ҽѡ·ǬֱָޣҪᶨƵȥȻ·ܼѣߵĺַ֪һĴ
κκߵ·δߵԶ
෴Խߵ·ջԽߵøԶ
ң֮ħ޷׶ΣҲѾﵽĽ׶μޣҵİ֮棬пԽʽɱ䡣
ʩչ֮ʮԴȹǿࡣ
Ҳˡ
ν̰ġ
þգûҪΪǰ棬ͽ
Ǭⰵں֮·Ȼܼߣ·Ĵкϵ¸ѳ¶ɣֳǿ
ֿɵõģѡ
ַĺܼᶨ
ʵûϵֻһѡַڰ˫տ۷ʱհϵѪΡ
ԼĹ֮ǵ׶ΣͻĽ׶Σʱ֮ħƲͻô
һ׶֮ȫԳܡ
ʥ֮ԴΪħƺģԴԴ֮
źڰΪ֮ԴṩѪ֮ҲߵúܿͨҲκƿ
գ
ַ뵽
ûɴڰ
ԼڰѪu˵ޱҪΪĴڣкڽ֮أͨѪu޽ɱѪuͳ졣
ԼһߣͱѣѪuһؼߡ
ͺԼʥ֮ԴһɵӰ첻ν
ֻǵ֮ʧȴǿΪ
þˣ
~~ֱַߺڰ򣬲û̫谭ڰҲųԼֻźڰʧƬͻȻյ
û̫˲伱仯
֮֮ʼ˻еİ֮ԪҲòȶͷ·һıȡߣƬ˷츲صı仯
Ȼַ岢⡣
ڰ򣬾Ƭʥصĺģ
ߣ
ûκԥźڰ˲䣬ֱַ뿪
ѪuԼҲǣѪuȴΣաԼôѪu֮ѪuܷŹԼ
۷ǰþ̫ˡ
ѪuҪ׷ɱԼǾɡ
һˣһ£Ҳûö໵
ֻϧ޷ڰ򡣡ַоڰ̫ǿԼ޷ϣΪ䷴ˡ
ֻа֮ħƵ׶Σп۷

δԭ·ء
Ƭܴǿߺѽ룬ϸ̽Ѱһ̫ϧˡ
ڰ⣬ڡ
~ৣ~
նڰƬ䣬Ϣ̽Ѱ谭ַ˳ŵķϸ̽Ѱܿҵһ졯ڡ
ѪɫԨַ̧ͷϷ
Լ֮ǰµѪɫԨޱƣоʮֻͬѪɫԨǿ࣬ûкڰ֣ȻԶʤ֮ǰںڰԣʱֵѪɫԨ
ˡַܿ췴Ӧ
Ӧһڽ֮ء
Ѫuһڽ֮أͨѪuɱѪuͳ죬ȻʹѪuͳɱѪu
أӦǷֿġ
ѪɫԨͺڽ֮زͬܣۼǿѪɫԨҲС
ΪСΪܣǿ
ǴͨѪuɱѪuͳ죬ǴѪuͳɱѪu䱾ʶһģһԼİ֮ħƽͬ
ҪѪ
еѪԴڴ˿ѱԼսɵĺڰ
~ַ
Ѫu֪»ɡ
Լô˵ǻѪu
ҲûʲôθУգǿΪǿʳԼòڰѪuԼһɱ䡣
˴ǵзѡ
ˣҪʲô
ĿռҺ
ȫѹƣƬռ൱ҡְַ֪֮һ壬ＸûʲôռоҲǱȫѹơ
ʷ򲻶Ťûɿռ䣬طþ޴
ģҲѸ֪ռ䷨
ԼȫʮԴкڽ֮صľ飬϶·Ժʮ߹·ĵطһ
ͨ
˵ʲô
һѪuѨҪĵ򡣡
бʮ֮˾ž
ַܿ϶



2059 
ַϸ̽
ǳ϶ܡ
ϵѪuѨأкڰΪģֻѪuܽ룬㹻ΪѲ
ַҲ
Ѿõڰ򣬵׬һ۷
ΪѪuѨлʲôܱȺڰ󡣾ʥ֮ԴãڰֻҲѪu֮һ
ߡַƾŸоߡ
Ƭʥ൱ŤʷÿһҪѣû˺ڰƬʧȥģһҡ
ַԼĵУġ
ԭûĿĵѰңҲ̫⣬ĶΪɡ
ѪuͺڰֻϵߺڰӦúַ֪ܿ⣺ҲҵõҪ뿪
дͷѪuأ»СΪϡ
ϧˡ
ûѪuвǲ
ַд
ÿһ֮ÿһ㰵֮ÿһְ֮Ԫأ覡ʮԴϵȻ°빦
ǿTԪģԼû֮ʮϵѳһ룬һǧһвٽ֮ߵѪuǣ֧Ѫu̲û֮
Լû֮ʮϵѳ˳ɡ
ʣɣ߻Ҫʱ䡣
ǧ꣬ǧ꣬һܳɣ
ӴԲ׶ΣԲĽ׶ΣϵʮԴ㣬ɷ֮׶մﵽʮԴ磡
Ҳֻ롣
ڵϳ̫ʵʡ
һһַβϱãԽԽѱ𣬲µķǼǵõģϾйڽ֮صľ飬ҲЩӦˡ
ٿء
ţַ΢΢һ
ǰһƬѻɽġıսףԼһЩĶͺһѷƷƵĶѷ
̤
ַͣСɽķƷǰȡǱ
ٻˡַַ֮һԼӴľ飬Ĳʣ˵ҲǾģܿ׿Խ
սҲٻˡ
ַȡսףĿһɫԲεϣϣʱһһȼգԲɢܻ棬ޱߡ
׿ԽַһȻʧЦ
Ҳ̫˰ɣһҾҵһ׿Խ
Ȼ׿ԽԼôƷװǱߣֵǲơɫԲַǷ
ǰջַ׼
Ȼһն׿Խһǹϵ׿ԽǱıҲǹϵġ
ңһָ
һǿߡַȷЩˡ
һԴǰʮĳֻǲ֪һֻʱģʵȴӹɵġ
ַꡣ
Դǰʮ鼶ʵ
Դ޹Ȼ޵УգѪuѨʥء
ʮ֮˾ţͷѪuצ¡ַԴǰʮǿߵʵһѪuȫˡ
ɱģͷֲʵѪuܡ
ַѲ֪˶ټԪı
ԼܽƬʥ֮УǿȻҲа취ֻѣȥ¸ѡѱȻǱѪuսƷѷ
Լ˵ѪuϳѾܽӽ
ߣǼ
ַǰʵߣԽӽѪuϳԽ࣬ͬʱҲҪٸΣգѪuǿɱԴǰʮĳǿս
Լڵʵ˵ѻʯ
ߣȴ̫ˡ
֪ǰбΪ¶˵ȥЦ˴
֪ɽлƫɽСַһЦҲ̹Ȼ˲ʱǰ۶ȥӿٶȡԼй߳ɰգѪuڳѨ֮С
ȻӽϳԼ˺ڰôַ֣Լ
ڣϴһգȻߡһҲãʮҲãβõøһЩַ˫쳣ǿңֱȡǰ
ǣ
ǣ
ǣ
ʷһƬƬָƬһ㡣Ҫڶʱ̽ѰȫǲܣΨ
ޣ

򲻸ˣַѰ
ζһƬճı񹬵֮УźɫʧȥڰȻκӰ죬һ壬ͺһڡ
ڣһͷͷ޾Ѫuÿһͷ·ڰĻƸ죬ɫŸƣ·춼ܶһ
ȻͷѪuûκϢ
ǣá
~~ַһĿ⾼
Լҵˣ



2060 Ѫu
ɫѪuǣѪuǣַһ
ͷ̬ѪuȻӿ졣ߣ޷ǰɫѪuǣԼǺڰ֮
ǾڲǰԼոʮ֧ߵѪuǣ
ǰɫѪuǣ͸ߵѪuȫǲһĲΡ

Ͼ
һƷһһȱѪuϵƣһ壬ϵʮԴʴڡ
ˡֱַҡͷȻ
ѪuǴڴ˵еıÿһ֧Ѫuǣһ֮ﵽʮԴεĽᾧ
ߵѪuǣնʮԴء
ѪuǣȴֱԲĽ׶ΣϵʮԴ㣬Ȼɷ֮׶ֻһһܳɾʮԴ磡
ߵѪuǺѪuȣȫ֮
ÿһ֧Ѫuǣֵ۷ǵļֵԼõֵĺڰҪѷɫԼʵȴʤڰ
µǡ
ԼǰѪu֧֮࣡
̫ˡ
Ѫuʥأ
һѪuʥأѪuһһԲŻôѪuǡַһɨ˲ʱжϡ
ܼ򵥣ΪѪuֻͷ
~ַһ
ԼõڰǴԵû뵽һĵԼ
֧Ѫuǣ
Դǰʮǿ߼¶Ϊ֧ѪuǷɱ
ֵ̫ˡ
ৣַǽ
ԽǹؼʱԽҪСģϾѪuҪĵطСΪϡȻûʲôַܿǽ롣
ʵأԭѾȻػô׽롣
˭Ҳ֪֮±ж졣
Ѫu򣬽·һ
֮ǰǸԴǰʮĶǿߣӡ
žֱַ֣סһ֧Ѫuǣ˲һǿӿһͷѪĿĽɫѪuգſѪֱ˺ҧ
ٶȼ죡
ƣַ˫һֱȥ
ȫħƴʥ֮ԴṩԴԴϵѪuǣˮڣʱѪuɫâ
ַ֡¶һĨЦݣֱ
Ѫuϵ־ѹͨǿ߿ܻеãԼһвûС
ڶ֧
֧
ַõ÷ǳ˳
ѪuǱЩԼǰ֮ʮԴȫԲ׶Σ൱ѪuĲΣѪuȻų⡣
գۼ䣬ѵõ֧Ѫuǡ
ٿء
áַɫȻһ䡣
Ϣ̽ķ䲻󣬵ȴоһǿѸٽӽַٶֱȡ֧ѪuǣõһɿµĻ֮ǽ١
䣡
ַһɫ΢΢԰ס
ֱײʩչԴǿ߲࣬ӵĸָÿһͬһȺ
ԼΪϤġ
塣ַ֧Ѫuǣҽ̤Ѫuѱڰϣֱȡ֧Ѫuǡ
ǸӦ壬ַһ
ǿʵ䲻ףѪuȣԶһΡԼ̫Ϥʮ֮˾ڶǿߡ
Դ13λ׼죡
Զ׼ѪĿŭ쳣
֪ʲôΣӵмǿĸ֪Ҳһ䡣
첻ˣһĪģԭһ·ͻȻɢյ·򿪣ҵͨʥص·
ǧˣ
գǵһѪuѨĿֱָѪuǡ˾ţ֮òҵȴ֡
˽ȵǣ
ŭ
ȥɣ׼췢ˡ
Ѫ˫ĿֱʩչؼǹעһַءôܣΪϲѪuǣ
֮͵ĳ
䣡
Ѫɫâֱַ壬׼Űٷְٵġ
һУǼԴǰʮǿ߽˶ˣһСһղͨ깥ܲסһξ㲻ҲҪˡ
ʮ㣡
˲䣬׼ԺɫҰޱߡ
ƺһ꣬ˣѪ
׼ͫгŲ֮ɫȻޱȡעûлǸʶǱɢ
ܣ׼⵽귴ɣȻľ
ʱĿղűͨ깥˵꣬ûһȡѪuǣЦһЦֱӱǶȥ
׷ʲô
׼죬ԴһƬ¶



2061 ˭ǵĵ
ȫַ֡һ֧Ѫuǣ뿪
һ䣡
ַ弲һЦ
֮ǰ׼깥ʱԼֻǼװˡ
ӵԴʯ˵׼죬ȫǿ߼һ깥ҲκβԼ֡
깥⣬ռ֮Ϳ﹥൱ǿ
׼ʵǻʵģԴ13λס֧ѪuԼõֵļʹҲң鷳ǣòս
£ս֮ʱ
Ϊⲻһʵĵط
طַһ׼ĽѪuĹ
Ц˼֧Ѫuǣʥغĵĺڰ򣬲Ͻܻʲô
þա
ϵѪu幬Уʱַ̽顣Ҳνˣ֧Ѫuǵַ֣Ѿ㡣
ȷ˵̫㣡
ಣಣַٶȼ졣
Ժ·ͼжϰʷı仯ԭ·ءﻹ·죬Ȼԭ·ȥҪ໨һʱ䣬밲ȫϹӹ

ַ࣬壡
һ
׼˲¶ͻȻԴð֡
Ǹ췭ظСһ
Դǿʶûһģᣬʵ˾ˣǣǸȫ깥
Ǹַ̥壬˭
ɶ񣡡

λ£
׼ҧгݣ˫ͫ
ʱ̤ɫϢһ׷ȥ
òҵѪuʥڣѪuǣȴؿűߣʹУͺʲôͿƵģޱܡ
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ǿĴڣ޵ʱҲֻһ;
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2071 ʮԴ
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ɹ֮ʱͻƴԲ硪
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2072 
ϣϣgү˫ֳצӥհ˫ͫѪâ
ڰϢֱ˺˼ͷѪuͳʬ
ͷѪuͳ죬ԲĶ֡
ܰȫ
Ѫuûһͷ
ȻǱء
gүЦ¶ɭȻݡ
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ܿ죬ɨһ顣
϶档gүŹŵķ򻺻ȥ¶˷֮ɫټֻôһͨܺҡ
ͨУһͷѪu޶ûС
gүüͷ΢΢ֲоϮͷһЩСĽ
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̤δ֪ĵԨ
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㣡gүɴ۾ѶϢʱһγһģӰȴޱȵĿ϶ħ
ɱҶħѵħ
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gүַgүϳ
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2073 ʱ
gүȷʵˡ
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һ㣬ﳤȥҲڹŵײַ塣
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죬עҪ
Լײǹͷַƽʵȷܶ࣬δڵŰgүĵزϾԴе18λĳǿߡ
;Σȫѹơ
ںڽ֮أеgүȻܴӸߵǿʵǿ۷壬ַȴǿʵ
ͬĻܶࡣ
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ַֻǴԲĽ׶Σ˴˵ĲܲǺԣַѴʮԴ磬Ƿ֮׶ĲΣȫѹgү
ﵹ١ַ巭gүĴָ䲻׼ǰ㸻ԣӰ˵ıȴ٣׿ԽֵܼҲ׼һҡ
٣Ȼ¸ķַһЦ
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2074 ϶ҧ
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ǿЦģҲ˲ˡ
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2075 ƴ
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2076 
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2077 ˣ
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ѹ֮ǰܿȫϣսپϼˡַӲӲ˲䣬Χسֽ⣬һ·֣γһھӡ

죬ֱַͫʩ깥һ㣬ֱѪuȫ˸ֲצ˺ַ˲䣬͵һǴ͡
Ȼʹģַһֱӱش
սױ˺飬֮ķɲǱ鿪
ͫйâ˲ʱ䣬һöڵ㾶ֱͫʶ֮С
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ʱַҲòȥԭˣӲһػս֮ѷǣֱӹⷴ㹻һġ
ģǿߵ꣡
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໣𣡣һѪuæ׷˳ȥȻʱĻַӰ

룡
뿪ѪuѨش󣬺δǰ֮أ
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Ѫuûˣƾӣ䲻⣬ҲѶκӰ졣ѪuӰˣֻǰٷ֮һ룬ǧ֮һ룬˵һС
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ʶӡӰ쵽
ԣԼŸðգֱ귢
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ǿ׷ҲǰһƬڣʱҲõв
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ַԼѪuѨԽԶ׷ϵѪuԽ٣ΧˣǾ͵÷ɢѰҡ
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ԼµˣѪuֻزᡣ
ɡַСʱȫ˦׷ֱӶһɽУͨ·漴ش
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Уһۺż¿ռ䷨͸ͨǳַ֣һҧֱ̤С
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2078 
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Ҳһվأλյģռˣÿʱÿ̶ʯɽ׹Ƭ½֮ϡ
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һӵǿߵȺôӲȥҷ
ҲΪˣ̲޾ԵԾر棬ȵȡֻҪܻʵġ
ǿߣһֻأ֮󷵻ԴޣɾԴǰʮ֮λ
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أַˤڵأһĨʶšƣ۾ַɨܣһƬޱ߼ʡ
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Χޱȱңȴʮǿ֣ΧӿԪַ¶һĨЦݡ
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յֻ̫СģѾһ֣û뵽ô
ǣɱǶһôûУ½Өؿڼ
ôûôˡյߣ϶һ죬侮ʯĻᣬȻ
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Ҳ֪һһյ˫ҲЩն֪룬ô뿪Ҫ峤鷳ˡ
½Өţϣ峤ĸ簲Ȼ
Զ峤ʵۺ֮ǰ˵峤Ϊ峤ڱǡûк֮ǣ峤ɱǣҲӳ졣
ңҲûȥһˣС
˴δֻأɽ綼ĴԵһֻغ˥ܣͿһεˡ



2079 ؾ֮·
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һ޼ɵ־ǻУҿм䴦һڵ·ʲôµĶţУǰǼޣƬɽ֮ص
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ܸǣܽӽ
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Ⲣǿյİ֮ǾǿҹԵİħ
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ҪκعʵҲûʲôعʵЧüѪuǣⱾѪuѪļᣬѪuǣȫ油档
壬꣬вϻָ
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û֮ǿʮԴɷ֮׶󹥻Դû򣬹ޱȾ޴󡣡
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ӴԲʮԴÿǿߵıؾ֮·


̶ʮַ꣬Ʊѻָ߰˰ˣѸԭ꣬һǿԴʯ°빦
ʱԶѪuѨûôˣϼˣ˵ʮ꣬ʮԪ궼δȬ
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~
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ոһգ긴һꡣ
ССɽȣŰӭһˡ
һˣǿߣǾǿߣһһסеһɫۣɫë˫ͫڵԨһ㣬ҰޣˣǺ
ŮŽɫսףдŷӢ쵰Ӵƣ۵ļˮһ㣬ǣʵȴ൱׵ʵǰ
ǿߣҲսⰺȻսϷӳŵģǲıʶ
˵ǰɽּ䣬һƬţ޶˱ߣжб˫һͷһ
Ƭɽ֣кüͷޣ൱Σա¶֮ɫ
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2080 Ҫһ
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֪Ͳ̰ġûڲѣԭΪǴԵ뵽ССһɽôֲͷޣһ
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վؾĵشҲûôΣգһͷޣʵ
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2081 Ϊʲô
ͷޣ
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ңͷóУǾһóٶȺ׷
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ܹǿߡ
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ʱĺҲͬķӦܹѰڻͷֵһɲǣؾ𵴣һβɽ֡
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2082 յСһ
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л֪һ£һַ漴ͺһ˳Űָķȥ
ַ뿪ɽعƽ
ͺһۣǿЦ˵𾪣ֿɬ
û뵽յСһʵ³겻ѡ
ǰ˭õ˸˸
ϴҲûôɣʵ
ҡҡͷɷɱЩޣôɣҪһַ塭û´ӦѾԴǰʮʵˡ
ԴǰʮǺǣӦðɣ̫˼ˡ
ţȷ˼



2083 Ѱ
ַ뿪ɽ֮ء
쵶һСδ͸Ѿûʱ䡣ֱΣգ뾡ҵǡ
ˣ뿪ء
ƺȴֲѰ
峤һжģûɷֿ
Ҫô峤ǳ£Ҫô£Էֿˡ
ֻˣ̫ƽ
ĥ£̽գһܲˣ
ΪնԵԤ֮СѰǷֿԼ׼뿪
Ϊչرգǧꡣ
ҪָƣҪ뿪
ĿܣǱ׷ɱ
Σм·Ⱥ뿪
ľ棬峤Ͳɱ䲻˳
̫ࡣ
ַȲɵʱ䶼ûС
Լ뾡ҵ䡣
ֻ൱֮ããһƬ½أҪˣ롣
ַܹк
ˡܹЩ
УܹǻۻȽϸߵģȻȲ鼶ѪuѪuҪߵö࣬˳ǻۣͨû⡣
֪ײص½λãַʵ
Ҫվ뿪Ҫصߵ½ƬϣΪ֮ͨšײص½ز٣һ2½ء
ܹƬϤΧ½ײϣܻзӦԸ֪
֪ܹӦ
λáַ岢⡣
ٿأԺбͼıǺ·
ɽСֲݵأһһ֣⸽ܹ˵Ϥ
ַ漴ʶķȥ
շܹһǵѡȻսﲻʲôæˣ۶յϤȴԴǿ޷ȵġ
ĵ̡

죬ܵ2½ء촽ף˫
Ӧû׷ɡөҧݡ
ֱǰ֮ǰǶԹٸ·Ǳ峤ס׷Ҳ࣬Ƿ󲻵ö֪
£Ůٶȶ
ˣԹٸ·ѱ֡Ҫ֪أҪάֹٲףѹǼ
ϣû׷өؿ΢΢
յǵĿɽıǣ׷ңĶõgүڣԦκβǣΨһҪɵģֻд
өü΢ͼһ֣ȫѹˡ
յʵʤһ£ֵҲֻ¡üͷš΢΢ɫ
ƱөأһʵܷӳѾ
Դλʵѹһȣ׷ȷʵ鷳
ǽʿʺ׷ɱأөʵ
յϸֳһĨЦݣǣǸûܣǼҪӦ峤Ҫɽıûɻ˷ôʱϡ
ɽ·̣ǲв
һ˵峤Ҳýʿߵõضĵס
ΨһҪĵģǴ׷ĿҼǿóıѺ׷
ө̾Ƕھͺˡ
ǰ̧ͷ΢΢߽ڣɵĸ峤ҲܷͥηȺȺö
Ⱥõѡ񡣡
өЦ㣬ȺɣأɽҶﲻʲôæߵܲȷľ̤Ǽ𣬵ǿȣʵԺܴ󡣡
өҪż㻹ᣬ̤̤ʵʵߵܶϵ츳ʼߣδһúǿ峤Ͷһ
өţ¶һĨЦݡ

ಣಣ
ɳۣҹظ·պөԽԽӽ2½ءٿɫһ䣬Ƚһʹ⣬ɫ⻷ͷŶ
өȻʲôûӦӦҲǼ죬һʱս׼
սȵתɨܡ
өձЩףֱҲδκϢ
ָоܿ¡
~~
ռҡ
ʱ䣬һɫ·ӿռвгڳһӰӳŮ֮䡣Ľżɵ֮սȽ󡪡
ߵܣ
ߵܣ
պөסˡ
һɫսףſž޴ɫᣬϤЦݣߵַ壿
ô
þò㣬㡣ַ΢Ц



2084 
ģϲá
¶һĨͻЦݣөǳһ
ǵģөһַ壬
պߵܣô
ַΪ֮ǰؼڣûһ룬ꡣ֮󶵶תתҲ֮ǰ˺Ͱ֪䣬Թˡ
պөȻ
֮ǰȷײ˲һˡ
ȻΪ˭ַ徫âһţЦʵ
өҪڣ㱻մϣûʲôΪ͵Ϯû뵽ߵ㡣ﲻͬվأԾǿ˵ҲΣգߵҪһȻȺɣ
ַĿɨպө΢Цͷá
ó֮ҲżѯʣȻҪ뿪뿪2½أҲǺԶ

˺̡ܿ
ַĵպөĲ٣ԽԽӽ2½أѹС˺ܶࡣ
صȺ硣
ߵܣղôģΪʲôҸӦϢպĿַ屳ľ޴ɫ᣺Ϊռ
ַ岻ÿɷӦͷ׿Խ֮
ãߵܡөĿĽС΢̣Ǿûôˣòҵλã˽ȵǣҡ
΢ЦŴϵߵд컯Ǻ£峤˵ߵܽǱԴǰʮģǿǿ
ߵܼȵõѲУպһء
Ͼػ̫ա
ֹɫȻ
ַĿɨөͣϣԼˣ㣬ʵʲôֱ˵
΢΢һЦףʵҲûʲô֮ǰɽжᱦʱͼǿߣ֣ǲǶ֣峤£Һ÷żա
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өȵߵҲǣ
ҲǾַ塣
ַЦҲײǣֻ˼ǿߣɵ֪¡
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պөǻȻ
ǻ룬ַҪǵǿߣôܴߣǣû峤ߵõ
ڵڶλ
һϣвһ΢¥塣

ַ룬һ˶ʱĲ١
պө˵ߵַ壬ܺãߵһͷԽ֮УʱȺʧһδĳǿߡ
ַ˵ܰȻҵ㣬㡣
û׷ʱ˵УڵʵҲӦͼУġ
ξ֮У
ǰ2½ˡջعͷַ˵Ǻ峤һģֱӽأ˺ܶ·õɽ
ɽ硭ַૡ
صĺĵشѪuѨѪu֮һ
룬Ҫ
ߵܣȥļ½أөʵ
3šַȻTأ֮󶵶תתŸزá
Tأպө޲һﲻѡ
ߵ˷ѣTؿߴվõأְȫֶ࣬ʺϾǿߡөεҺ㶼ȥTأôҲҲ֮š
ǰߵܣȷʵеϧʩȻһЦҲ֪ߵַʢԲʰΣնСTء
ַЦЦҲû˵ʲô
Ŀǰܼ2½صٿַüͷ΢΢һӦУİϢǰ
һڲ֮䣬һ֮ǰԼɱǿ
³2½أȻܹ졣
ͼֶο湻ġַмѿ϶˳ɣͼǿߣҪ׷ɱ㣬ããһƬȫûĿ꣬ҵ
ֱӸϵ2½صȴֱӡ
ΪҪ뿪һͨ2½ء
ಣಣಣ
ַ壬գө˼ٶУǰٿطһ䣬һ׹ʱ𣬻貹⻷촽˲ս׼
ৣ~өҲǱ仯ӦٶȲ
ַŮԣͣ޴ɫĶĿԡ
ǰİӰǿϢ֡
һ֮ɫɢϢ޴βĶ棬һͷĹī֮ɫɭ䣬һ˫ȺͫѪ
µģǵϢ
һУɭǣƵľ
սҧݣĿ¶ɵǹȵǾϣжЩ




2085 ȻǴ
ǿߣԴ48ʵөڲ֮䡣
ѽΣڶõgүԴ31ջҪλҳɱ֯սǿ
֮ǰɵģǴ
״̬Ҳд˵ˣʵӲɡ
ǵʹԻө𣬶һһȿµĴڴ͵ѹ󡪡

Դ23帱峤ʵʯɽҪǿ
Դ30ֽߣֿߵǿߺеǿߡһԻ״̬µպө
ǿ٣ĿԶ׼
ǣҪպө𣬸ǻɱ
κδܡ
Ƕ˺þſ
ǡөС࣬˵
ô벻۾ĥ޴βӰ鶯ŵ棺µ޵һսѾƵȲҪ
~~ԣЦдŷӡ
ɫȻֱƳɽ籦ûŲ׷ǣǿ湻ġ
㣬Ůˡۻʵ
ǲһõõ΢¥̣Щǿߣĸ֮оЩǿ
׷ǲͬ
ɱǣļ׿Խ֣˳ʵ
ΪǴ
ưſ
΢Դգһƿһеĸоָоۼɫ԰ѿпޡ
ө΢ɫҲǲ԰ס
Ǻֻ¾һڽӡ
ȻǴ
ͻһƬѹ֡һֱվպөߣδɽ¶ˮַ嵭ȻؿһŮ
ߵܣߵܣպө𾪲
һȴǴδַ塣
֮ǰպөߣϢޣֻΪһͨǿߡ
ߵܣ
壬һǿߣ˴˿ν϶ַ֣壬ͫɱΡ
Ϊӣ󣿡

㣡
䣡
ַµ˲䣬˲䱩ǡ
ڵ֮Ȼſռ˲ң죬˲ߣ쵽¡֮ħƼӹ֮ӳַ循ǿϢ˲䱬ըк÷֮
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һһ⣬ͬһʱʩչ
쵶
һҲַĿǰǿһֱȡɫٱ䣬æǵֵʱַӰȻʧ
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ѪֱȡʵĵȫȻԴ48ʵַǰһ
ڽѪuѨǰɻɱ˵ڵַ塪
ʵֱǿߡ
䣡Դһ£ɫȫδعֻʹģʶѱ޴ͷ­Ѫ֮أ
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δӦ°ɫâӰռɱӰ֣֮ǰԲѣŰĴī֭Һ񽦣
ɲʱķѣ漴ռɱĩΪޣҽڶһƬ綾֭ҺȴһҲδȫʧ
̫죡
ʹ˲
ĿѣȻޱȡ
޴ֹסԴĵĿ־壬һɹɺֹסðǼзȻſһϢ¶ޱȷ
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δı塮ˡʵǿÿ£ɿ峤

㣡
ǱԻصڶɱȻսѳǰµĿ죬µǿᣬԪƿضȫѹơ
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ͬΪ֮һֱѹܸоõǸһεȫѹ޿ɵֵ
䣡¡
֮Ϊһ⡣
ķɲʱκη涼ǿַ壬̶̼бѰΪľ޴ǿһ

ˤڵأڰֱɡ
Դ23帱峤ڶѽΣ羵ѣ¡
ִãַɫƽգ߰Ӹ£޴֮չһѪûУϢ֮ǿ޿ƥС
һʤ
£պөľ𣬴绯ʯ
ղţ׷ʲô



2086 ߵ̫ǿ
պө𾪵˵
˫ͫɵüǵϤӰ˿ȴޱİ
ʶߵô
µַ塮Ӯ˲ģǶûô𾪹ΪյĻʤˮݣȫַƾʵ
գַűȲĸǿĴȶʯɽǿ
ȫնɱ
䣡
ǿߣͺֻ׵Ұãֱӱ½ǿԴе31λ23λĳǿ߰
ʲôʱ򣬱ôˣ
ߵ̫ǿˡսǵϤӰ˵ĸоӿͷĽ̾ԼһССʧ䡣
øղѾ׼ƴһսϺ󣬺ߵַܱס
뵽δ֣һоѾ
Ǹղ롮ߵܣͷԴ޶ǿ߻ɱ
ߵөǷӦһ˫ͫ˸ͣϲЦտһ使ޱȵĻʢ㡣
ǿ帱峤Ȼ㵶£
ө˷ַܵܵǰǽʣǣһ˶ţ쵰֮ǰɱǣã
浱۸
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ө𽿺ǵҲǻһЦ
̫š
о仰û˵ߵַȷ˭Ҳ֪ʵǿᣬǿնɱԴǿߡ
йȻжеĳɷݣƾʵ
ǣĿã
ǧ꣬ߵ㵽׷ʲôַ壬˵𾪺ͺ档
Сַսã֮ĶҵĿռָ΢Цɨպө𣺡ãһ档
յǵɻмɱ˴õgүһ֪ʱ򡭡
ַЦ֮ǰ˵ôõɽ磬ɽ籦Ҷᣬǻȣʱҡ
ô˵ûõĺʵǿᣬ峤֡촽ɫȻϼĶgү
gүˡֱַӵ

Ůһ
ôģʶʵ
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ħҲˣ
պөЦѡ
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Ԫ˰
ߵ̫ˣȵ壬Ǽ壬ǵǵˣө
²ַֹ߽
룬ҪѪu壬ѪuɲԴһͷѪu㹻Լһˡ
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Ů˵
سңߵܻڼֱ˼
ߵ㻹һȥɣ̫࣬ʵ̫ΣաȰ
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յ˵ûڻ躹ޣҪôâ¶
ַһЦҿһ°ɣ㣬㡣
ȥ2½ء
ðɡ
պөҲûȰ
һʵһֻȨ
ߵַµʵ۾ǿ߶һһģʲôʵߵַҲ㹻ʵԱ
ܿ죬2½ء
û׷ûвϼߵַӵǿʵպө϶ųЦݣѹһɨա
ǣܿġ
ߵַǿȺǿȺǿȻԺΪ
ԱԪˣվôرսʵضٷ֡
ˣߵܡө
šͷַ壺оôߵܣ
ַ΢ЦӦܲµ
һ̾â¶ŶôҲزסȻȥȥɣ峤˵ǿ߶Ѫսĥ³ġ
ǧ꣬Ҳһ˲ٿ࣬ʵ
Ҵֻؿ󣬲һҲߣɽ̫峤ĵܲģԶԶ
ַͷ
簵ΪʵǷȱδء
ߵšȡһƣݸַ壺ԭҴ磬ڡô󡣡
ƾɽɽ磬ȥ峤ɣչʵ
ǿ
жǿ
ַӹ¶ȣյڴս¶һĨ΢ЦĽҰɣ㡣
ͽɽ磬峤һ֮



2087 
峤Ȼû㡣΢΢һЦ
峤˶Դϻ΢ʣڿ治ò峤Զһ̾Ϊ峤峤۹ȴԶˡ
˵Цˡַһů
Լ峤˶ĺôȴ֪峤ô¡
ҲǣԼռ壬ʲô׶ûУزģ峤ȴ޷˵ذԼԼԴȺһûУǾ̫ˡ
㣬ңأַ
յҲˣ˴ˣսɣҪȬҲҪꡣ緵Ⱥ紦Զʵɽ綨ǿҷ
ʯ磿ַһЦ˵һͰ಻סա
ɡ
ַʼ硣
ʯʱԼоˣԼдһսȫףʮ֮˾žУֻǲ֪ĸվء
ˣǾ鷳ˡüͷ΢ԭҴöȥУ峤
Уַ֪Ⱥһ顣
ԣԴֻС
ʲôãַ岻ס
ַ壬΢΢򴽣ҲǺ峤ἰйغɽĴܣ˴ʷֻأɽ翪Ŀ飬̳
ᣬûκƣԭһ飬ֻȡɡ
ʱʲôʣܵһʱӦ
ַȻ
УΨزŻ֣޾ԪԴֻ飬һκֵܿĵ飬Ȼ顣
ǡֻأ˵ûʲô˭Ҳš
˵ûõУԲӦ䷽Ϊϲߡ
û㣬ڣ͹ǡө΢Цǰɽ·ʲô鷳
üͼԹֻһˣΣա
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ͱպөַ漴2½ݾ
ĴΣزͬ2½ذȫĺܣһͷշܹܺɨ
Ҫɨ2½صıҲ׾١
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Ѱһĵַ漴չ

ʱףȺսϬ
ؼҪҵ࣬ϵ֮밵֮Ѱƽĵ㣬಻ûǹⰵںϵľΣٽһֱ
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زͬѪu֮ء
֮ԪŨѪu֮أҸԪӣⰵںϵԶԶһ֮Ԫء
ֻԼ֮Ʋǵ׶ΣԶѷ֮ħơ
ѪҪҪһԵ
ںϣͬ
߽׶ΣⰵںϳԽס
סںϡ㿰Ԫߵ߽סΪһ塯
סںϡͬ졣
ַ˫ľġ
֮׶γɣ磬ԪΣ۹⡯Է֮͸
ںϿʲô
ںϺ;ϢϢء
ԽߣںϾԽף㹻ߵǿߣں߽׶Σһɡַ˵֮ǰںŵ⣬峺͸
꣬ⰵںϾܴﵽסںϡ
ַ壬һԽһΡ
δ鼶𣬵սǰֻſż
һУǲͬ
Ԥи졣
̶̲ʮַ꣬ⰵںϣѴﵽںϡֻҪٿһﵽΪһ塯ʼδԸ
Ͼǻںϵĵ߽׶Ρ
ϵԪѣ˵ⰵȻ෴
ַҲżͬʱҲϰ2½֮飬¾ǧսѰٵǹؼĽ㡣
쵶һУɣ
ʱգַսΣԴǰʮ
ˡַͣ𵴡
ǻһĨЦݣǸӦөĵȻȡС
ʱ򣬸óˡ
ǰɽ磡



2088 ҵ
㣬㡣ַȡһԾӨ͸ʹݸө
׿ԽөһϲޱȣŮӶƯıﱾرϲ˵һ׿Խޱ
ţϵġַ֮ԲҪʹ
׿ԽҲΪŮƣԼЩ롣
өã͸ոպá
һȱǷȱ
Ҳ֮һϵıܷǿЧ
򡭡
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ѪuѨһջ񲻷ƣϽɱһԴǿߣԼϵ׿ԽѹʮҪٶûãսʱûôʱһһʩչ
ȫ羫ͨһš
ҾͲඣߵܣөȻܣԲסַ嶼ϵǸܣַ֪ʵǴ峤һΡ
ͳһ׿Խʲô
ַ΢Цͷ㣬ûʲô°ɡ
өЦӦԴǿ߶ˣĻʲô£һ糣ߵϣ粻ȺУݳԣǧǰѽա
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˵峤ĸƵԶˮȲ˽𣬿ԼʵҪɽҲﲻʲôæϾ峤ʵڵԼҪǿöࡣ
Ӧ˵Ķ֣ԼȻӦˡ
ߵܣҪȥģȥɽôө΢΢һ´̽
Ǵɽӳģ֪ǰɽĵ·մ2½س۲ߵַ㿪ʼƫ뷽ƫ뼫ࡣ
ԣⲢǰɽ硣
ȥɽ硣ַЦŴ
өᰡһ˸ȥòڴʲôɣ
ַȻʧЦİ㣬ôẦ㡣
өһЦЦ㲻ǸսزôߵܣôϤ
൱֮󣬸ԪһӦȫֻر֮Ҳ֮ȻΣգͬŻδ֪֮ӣضá
֪һЩַ֣Ĵָʳָһ󣺡֮ǰշһͷޣԪصһЩ֪١
Ԫөɴ۾շʲô
ַܹ
ө󣺡Ǽޣ
ַ漴ܹͷŶ޴һֱƱգסȻδȬܹѻָԪؼǻ˷ܲѡ
өЩ¡
ԸоõͷܹϢǿࡣ
ǿޣߵַ嶼շ
Ҫշޱȿ̡
ʵҪܹǿһΣȫѹͬҪ߳һΣܳܵס
˾ɣ㣬ܹٶҲܴﵽ١ַЦ
ǽҪȥĵطҵġ



2089 ʥ
ַ岢żɽ硣
ΪҲǵɽУͬʱ޾ɱ¾ҲɽУģǿ߶Ƕ¡
ǿ峤ͣԴеҲ·硣
Լˣ
ַ廹δԸȳ̶ȡ
ʱ仹С
еδȫһڳ
ɽɱ߳ڣʱǶԣʵʱө𴦣ַǵ֪˲ɽѶϢµľơ
ɽ磬Ǹ޴¯
г֮ص𣬸յչɱһС
ǿʳ档
ʶϣһ
ǡө˷Ŵ۾ַ塣
Ȼַ󣬳Ϊǿ߸磬ȴһСð㣬ַź棬Ҳмֳ羴
ǰʥأʵַ
ʥأөһ͹֮йصô
ǹ֮һ
ַš
өԼҲǳҪǿ֮һ
Ѫǹ̻
Լ֮ƣרް֮ħƣȻ֮Ϊ밵֮Ϊͷȱһɡðڹ󣬽ʥ֮ԴԼ֮ħɿƿ̤׶Ρ
Ϊ֮Ϊƣ޷
Ǭں֮Լ֮·Բƫơ
ܹ㼣̤سɵ౦أ̫ңԶǱռݹر֮࣬Чò󡣡
ǶԣʵΪΪҪ
ʥأʺǡ
ֻҪɱ䣬𻯳ɵʱɽ磬һǿ峤ĸġ
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ûʲô⣬ԭҲûܰʲôæ±ߵַôһ˵ЩĶʵѾԭãʼ޷
ַˣ޷Ч
ˣߵһܿһµĵ·
Σôߵܣөʵ
ΣգַЦЦôһ㡯ɣһȺư桯ء
ư棿өûưģӦúͨš
өҲδ룬ߵַڣòġ
ַ΢΢һЦ
Ҳûʲôϸ˵ȵ˹ʥأȻ֪
ԼԣΣȷʵֻǡһ㡯൱ѪuѨˮ׼۶սư岢Ѫu塣
Ҳǵƣ硪


쵽ˡַ廽ܹϾө
ʥزǺԶʮ㵽
·ʱөûţץʱǶԹϵİɫǿܹԲҪķѾڸ·ϡ
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һӦөǿʵǿ뱣״̬Էһ
ϾأǿЦġʵһ·δսҲΪңө·ûôˡ
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ģѪuǣһ߸·һҲ󡣰ʮأ֮ǰ2½صĵȴѪuǵŸչ롣
ȫɷ֮׶Ҫܳʱ䡣
ۻĹ֮өѹվܹϣԶ
ǰַ֮Ҳ΢΢ǿ־度£˷ȸԾкܶأԪؽӡ
۹֮Ԫأ֮ʥؾһġ
ȻҲưôǿһ֧
ȷʵư档
Ϊʥأòƽ
ַ̤̤Ƭ֮أԡůů֮УƬ޾âɾֱ̧ɴۻĹ֮
۹ܼ֮Ѫu֮صĺġѪuѨ
ΪصĹ֮ͱѪu֮صİ֮ۺ
ַһ䵽һɹɣ黯ľǰϷĹʵһſŹΪ
ৣৣৣ
ַһժȡϵĹʵ
㡣ַ׹ȥţөӹʱЦҲǺһ֣ʵ̲Ź֮ľ֮һ߶ԣƷ
ǴʵҾǿڵľѪһǸѪ
ֱַţһůڣ֮红ͯ㣬ʮȸԾѪǿڽʸߣоޱʡ
ֻ
ȻЩʵûôժַ˫һţԶ
УһƬ׹ˡ֮Ƭضȫ֡
ǣˣ



2090 һΣ
Ⱥع൱ء
ǵһȺӵС顯ǿʱȺظʥַưȷԶѪu壬һӵǵġ
ư
ֻǸ̤鼶𣬵ǿߺǿߣо޴ġǿߵȺܹռһء
ǵжȺȻȺһ㲻̤ǿߵء
Ϊⱻ֮Ϊƺԡ
ġʳһŹĹʵөʱŵͫǵأ֮Ĺưֱ𹥻
мǿߵϢǿߵϢԼΪڶľǿϢ
ġ
ܰȫѹ塣
һΣգө𶼲֪ԼʲôӦãߵַúһˣȻʱҪ
Ǽ䣬ַǳ֡
ܹ֪֪ףַ׼ĹҲ֮Ĺư
죡ַһʱʩչ
һʱܷҶԸĲǻ۵ǿߣһȺűܺжĳ
࣬в
ư棬Ѫu޿ҪöԸˡ
~~
֮ҿռ䣬һռɱͷŶַԺ岼Ƭƿأкһճ
䣡
쵶ڶУ
򻯳ַϰǵڶȵ֮ͨʱָ֮۷״̬µһܼǿĵ
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ַ֪쵶ڡ
ÿһУʵ̲Ź֮밵֮иһϣ֮ǰ粻ʵβǸ򣬵񲻽ﵽ۷壬˿ʮԴš
ʩչܷӳ̶¸ǿַͫһĨѪ졣
֮׶ںȻγɣһ֧Ѫuǡ
ħ֮ʮԴ
䣡¡¡ַĹҷȴɨһƬ״ֹ̬ӵǿͬӹ⻷
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һ㣬ַ˲ڴոһƬƵĹưɢİɫâԭ춼ڸǣָ࣬ɫʡ
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ַԴ¶״̬Զδ⣬ƾʮԴİħ֮֮۷״̬ԸЩ඼Ĺư棬׾١
өȫɵۡ
ʱ˿̣ߵַΪʲô˵ΣֻСһ㡯ƵĹư棬ǾǼֻգ۹˹롣
µǣߵַ岻սǰδԽսԽ˷ܣɱø𾢣Чʼߡ
ͷ·֮Ƶġ
ߵܣôөɴ۾ľ
𺧣̫

һƺƽƵĹַϰһһεĻӳ֮밵֮Ľϣַܿ췢ԼѾûˡ
ˡַ˫ѪĹâʱţָ
䴦ڰħ״̬ħַȴû˿Űħ״̬˷ܣ׵ظ򵶷

ңȴҡ
սȺã۹ٶȲȴԶԶ֮
쵶ÿһУص㡣
֮۷£ʵǲô࣬עصƩ绯Ŀ٣಻Ʃķħ
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ΪԼֻаħ֮ﵽʮԴ磬ʶܷӼԼû´쵶ʣУҲȻһ֮һ֮Ľϡ
е֮֮
ڤڤУǬʵԼ̺·쵶Ŀ
ָʵΪ
ԼΪǹʱʵȻָ
ľ磬̫ߡ

ߵܣ̫ˡөַ壬βűĳһ仰
⣬ЩηЩĽЩ˼顣
ֻǸտʼأ㡣ַָǰưֻǱɽһǣƬʥİٷ֮һ
Σөֻת
ֻư棬ٷ֮һ
ưδ̫ţ
ǿǷֳַЦưΪֳѾȻôֻͷͷֻ¶Ǿţһë
өǸòҪһ·ɱȥɣ
Ϊʲôأַ˫ȫ𾪵өЦָָΧ㣬㻹ûô



2091 ʥ
ʲô
өһͷˮȻܡ
ٿأө̧֬Ử˫֣·ʲôĶһ⣬ô£
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ڳΪưǰ׼ȷ˵ųƤΪưͻɱ䣬ն֮ʮԴ֮»Ϊ壬Ѫ
ӵǻۣҷֳ
ַſ˫֣ĳϣʮָᶯ΢΢Ц
Ϲ֮΢΢Ϣһ㣬ɢһĨ貹Ź֮
ʥ
ڵλģǹй׹ʵ֮ᾧǿ֮΢Ѫ
ڵڶλģͷĹư档
ɱư棬ǻữʥرʵҲʵĹ֮ǿֱգǿЧ󣬵ȴ֮ʺѪ
ʣѪ
өȽһĨ󣬱ؿ΢΢ʮ־ȴ˷ܡ
׵ãΨʺѪɣڷܵȻʵȲܵһΣտĻʺѪ
ѪҲ֪峤Ͷ硣
£ȴĻᣡ
ܲ˷ܣ
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өǱͫȶϢٶȡ⾫Ĺ֮Դ
ЩԴ޾
ܺҲɱĹưܺͣɱԴɢᱻʥգٶȼ졣
ԣһһ㡣
λԵѪͻַ˶ڷөҲֵĹ֮ƣԼĹ֮Ϣࡣ
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Թư浥͹ʥеַ΢΢ͷҺһѪ´ࡣ
ԼΪʲôǧԭ
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ʮ죬ө㵽ＫޣʮѪ˳ͻƽޣﵽµĲΡһԹ֮ںϣөʵ޴
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~ַ峤΢΢
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ʼڶɡ
ȥҹʥҪǼˡ



2092 ֵһ
ʥ
һǹ׻ȡҹЧױͣϾعʵֵٸߣʳȻпԣЧԽԽ΢
ʥ𣬲ΪйưأıϡҲǸԭ
ǿժȡһЩʥûʲô֮ػ׿Խ۷ɵãҪֻư棬˭Ը⣿
Ѫu޿ɲͬưֻҪǹһǳȺӣˡ
ÿһǿ߶ַһӵʥ֮Դȱ֮ԴǰʮǿߣҲܺڳ溣֮С
ʶưΪʥصڶԼ۱ȴߣǿ߸ԸðôķȥЩ֮Ҳ
һɱʮͷֻư棬й֮ԴҲ΢úܣܿɢ
ַֻֻĻɱЧԡ
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롣
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Ѫһͣ޾Ԫۻɡ
ߣЩư汾ǱڵвСưһ𹥻ǾͲǿЦˡ

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ư治Ҳô
ԣÿɱһֻư棬൱ưһ
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ֽ׶Ѫ޷ޣһһ㣬ַõөޣԼֻ
⣬ȡȹѪҵӦܴﵽΡөѾ⣬һνգҪĿıѪβǱ
ǿҲı䲻˱
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ȣν
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һϵ꣬Ͼͺħ
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ôˣ㣿ַת
ûûʲôө۵һ죬ǲ⣺ǻжõĵش
ˡַЦڻڶȦ
Ȧө΢㡣
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өѩһЦҲû˵ʲô
ҪʣֻҪš

ַٶȲ졣
ƬʥҲۻ֮Բܴþˣư泬96%ʱַҵĵشڡ
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˵һС
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Сġө
Ҳ֪Լʵһ뷴Ϻȡ
šַ΢΢һЦ



2093 
̤
ַʥغģɫ΢΢һ䡣
ƬγһƬ⻷ɽ緢Ƶһ㣬ޱ޼ʵĴһÿһκˮ̲ۻ
硣ַĿɫֱԵһӵϵ̲ذ޾
ֽܸߵȣԼڡǬطһ֣ӳ󷨵ԣǲͬ
ûģҲûۡ
ûйԣֻһչ֡
һߣԳһ硣
Ȼַһҡͷ
Լһ㡣
ĴڻǶ˱ڵĿԣһԵ磬ԶԴκһֽߵȣҪκαΪԴܵһᾫ֮֮ء
ȰԼ²͸ˣҲȥ͸
գȻ档ܵȽģԷǵУ֪˭ĽҲû壬ҪǿԿ϶
ûб
ǹưռһЩַ̹ȻһЦϣ
ưռҲһЩεƷǻ۲ߣҲһưܴǻҲͺѪuͬΡ
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ܵһ˿ϣַɫƽûκβ
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ѽĵЩưȫɱٺ͹ưһϸ¡ַȽս⣬ϢӦԶгǧĹưٴγ֡
սۣ


ħ֮ع⻷֮ظƣʥ֮Ĺưνѵ֮أַ嵶һǧ
Щӣַɱư԰ƣʣ಻ʮҪȫ׾٣֮Ľ׶ΣϺ֮İַ֮㹻ıǮս
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һʱ̣ѷӻǿԼ֮ѪuϣҲû֮ʮԴķ
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ʶֻаħ֮ﵽʮԴ磬һܷӽޣڵз100%
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ȻԼղɱһư棬Ĺ֮ȴǴĹ֮
κһ˿Ѫһ㶼ûС
ѵǡַһ֮һ
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ݣ
Զһ⼲ĹȴƵޱȾһ˿ռ𶯶δϢ̲У֮ǿʤֻư档
ˡַ岻ϲ¶һĨЦݡ
Լܾˡ



2094 
ư
ƬʥУΨһһֻư
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ǹưȺߣ컯ɣͨ͸ĴɫĴڣûаʣ̲֮Уͬ
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ϣֻҪ鼶ܻһﵽʮԴ磬Щࡣ
Щ֡ͬĹưʵͬ
ƹ⻷֮֮ﵽʮԴĹưʵȽ֮Ϊ֮ٶ죬һսúǿɼǿ
죬ʧЧˡ
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Ψж׿ԽܷӲ
鼶ս۷ַƾսõ⣬ⰵںܷ֮ͬӳ۷
أ
꽻
ӲĿǡַЩ飬ֱӱײˡ
Ϊû㹻ǻۣư׿״â츳Ρ
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ÿ죡ַ֮һ
һ߶Ҫٲܵ٣ưȴȫҪֻҪһжǹ٣ԼٶȺȣ֮
֮ͬܿ졣
⶯֮ռֱӴңùưĶԻһɲǣֻһɲǣԳ

ַ˲䣬ȴ
ưٶȿ죬Ӧͬܿ죬ҵĿռס
ÿ죡ַɫٱ䣬Ħzֱӱײúɢ֮ٶȹ˲ʹ类ʯݺײ
䣡~
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ǷǿһײҲˡ
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
Ȼÿһȫ˿ա
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ٶȣĺܿ¡
Լǵٿ죬ҪᣬҪʥ֮ԴǿһԶ֮㼯ҲҪʱ䡣
죬Զԡ
ȹưʱ޿̲ڹ״̬Լġ졯ˡ
ԣ޷ӡ
ķǿƲַԼΨһһưǵһι
һΣԿԼ
ԶٶȣưϳڣʶԼֱӺ顣һУưͬҲвˡ
Ķ֣Ҫȡʤѡ
ʱ޿̱ڹ״̬СҪҵ㼸
ӲӲֱӡ
ַĿ⾼ԭضäĿ
һ㿪ưֱӱĹԼ޷ٳڶܱˣ绯Ϊء
ģ
˭˭
ǿܵ¡ַʮ㣬ģԼо԰ա
ݣ
ưһ⣬ٴιַ塣
һرžԹ٣ռ𵴶ûУ֮覣Ȼû
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äĿһô㹻ʱ㼯֮밵ַ֮Ѫͫս˷ܣ֮׶š
ưʮԴ磬ٶȡ
ԼʮԴ磬ڹ
䣡
һս
ַưչƴɱ̽뽹״ַ̬ûưκֱӹ̫ûᣬÿһιʵʵӲ
УưŻûһֻܽӽ
Ĺ⻷֮ɱһͨư棬ɱǲĹֲ֮ĵĹ֮
ڰַ֮ȱ
Ľ׶۷״̬ʥ֮ԴΪģַȡսԴȪ
һսҹ
ưͬռŵұСĲ࣬κһǿߣƫƫַ塣
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أʼʹŵĵطػıܡһδεعߣٲ
µĹưսľ޴
֮ѱȶռ𵴣ٶֲˡİɫâϢ
ַ壬Ȼɽʯ
ҪɱʵѾʱ練ơ
ַ壬ûô



2095 շ
࣬
սҹַԹư˽̣Ѿ˳巶룬Ȼӵгķֳѱı䡣
ΪΪ
շ
ַĿꡣ
ܹͬưѾ̤鼶𡣻ûѪuôߵǻۣܹ磬ΪˣԼлᡣ
һǻ۵ʵﵽ鼶Ҫշȫûпܡ
ԼδﵽΡ
ưû̫ߵǻۡ
һ鼶Ĵַ֡Բưܡ졯ưģĹư͹ʥĹưûʲô˵ǳơ
ΨһͬǣĹưɱûѪԴֻоĹ֮
շֻưԼ൱һԼЩư湹вǿȴһ
ө𣬲Ҫ̫ǧֻư棬ֻư涼ܽûڳ溣֮С
ӵһֻư൱ӵһ
ַٴưƴÿһιȵµʱշɹʻһ㡣
䣡䣡䣡
ưȫ֪ƣ룬þΪϢԽԽȻػأֱһ̡
~~ַڰգڵأµĹưǿշ
أ
ķȴַɫ΢΢һ䡣
ʧܡ
ԣַ岢
ʧܣ
ʧܣ
¹ưѾûκսľȻӵмεǿߣշշ
ҵַ̫͡üͷ΢΢
ԶٴΣһԼͻƵǿߣ˴ͬлᡣ
ˣֱɡַ尵
ưͻƻˣҲֻôȻɱư
һǸѡ
䣡ֱַѹȥ
ȻβưȴǰٷְѹƣѾǿԴʯ¸ǿ㳬ǿߡ
۷״̬µĹư궼Զַ壬˵ֻһϢд档
꣬˼㡣
˻޻ɣֱƿưķ
շѹµɣưκѪuԶˣ˲ʱַ㽫ʣһʶȫݻ١
ţַ嶯΢΢һ١
䵱֮ƵĺĻ
ַ뵽
ư̲ͬž˹֮ȻҲɱҹ֮ܣȻΪľԭΪһδεӲµġ
ܳɹưʥ֮Դַк
һ鼶ֵͲ۷
~~~
ַ񣬳ԽΪһ塣
ȫ֮ƴԹưûκų⣬ǹһ֣Բκ󣬹ư·ҵ֮㣬һʼİʼӦ
ͺƴһѰᵽһѡ
ɹַ¶һĨЦݡ
֮ҫͨ͸ͷ·ƵģȸԾĸо֮֮ħҪʤһԹưΪģһ֮ɢĿ
ٿء
䣡~
ԴһƬַ
޾ѶϢڹư˲ӿԺֱֱӵĹ֮Ĺ֮ԴԴϡ
ĹưַǹַС
֮ʮԴ磡
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ʼδ
û뵽ںϹ֮ƲֹôһɱѪu׶ˣֱֱ꣬ӹڱģͺʳһֱʳǡ
ҪȫҪһʱ䡣
һҪɷ֮׶Ĵ󹦸ɡ
ʮ꣬ɹɡַһЦʮ⾰˵ǵָһ˲
ȫµ壬֮밵֮ħãȻͬ໥ƣƼˣȴǹںһ
ʧ֮ɣܣ֮硣
Ȼʧȥưķȴõ֮Ƶĺģֵߣһù֮ʮԴӸս
ңưķҲδȫʧȥ
ַ尴ؿڣŹ֮Ƶĺģ΢΢һЦ
ĴڣֻԼĹ֮ơֻҪ㹻ȻԴư档
Ҫ
ʱ˵ΪļֵѾ㹻ַɨһĵشȷ©漴뿪



2096 Ǿս֤
ҵĵشıôߵܣөżεʵֻ۾˷
ûСַ̹Ȼ
өһ漴ǿοûоûаɣñϾעʱУʱĪǿ󣬿ʥѾֵƱˡ
ַЦЦ
өεüһʱߵܣڵ˰㶼ƭ
ҿûƭ㣬㡣ַָָǰЦŽ͵㿴ɫǴڣδȡñΧ֮Ӧǡ
Ҳǡө˼
ַ˸ıûȡãǵõһЩı
ıөһ̽ͷߣﻹźöǹưı
ǹưַ
өһ㶣ԡ
ַ岢δ˵΢Цй֮ƲǰֵظֳһɫӰĹɵĹư棬䱳һ貵ǡ
ʱ޾ǳģϵС
⣬⡭өȻɴͫԾúϲ£졣
ҰշˡַǳͬҲǡѪϣԱںˡ
һԴַҲδϸ˵
өȴ羪κˣɲͨˣǾǿߣ൱ס
Խ赭дԽѶ֮ߣ
Ц
ưٲãҲյġڣ൱Դǰʮǿʵߵַ岻ܣȻȻ
Ϊˣ
ֲ˹
ˣ㣬Ȥںôַٿʵ
ңөɴ۾Ҳô
ַͷưֻһֻͨưкܶ࣬вǽӽǿ߲Ρ
ǿ߲ΣөСԴһ
ַԴǰʮ
ǿߣǿߣǿߵʵ˸ôеǿ֪ǿ߶֪
өˣ󣺡ģ
ԣΪư汾ǻ۲ߣδΪưǻ۸ַֻ͡轫شʶѹƵֱͣ
԰붮өַЦֱסߣҴȥ
ѪϣͺѪһ·
ȻưδԱѪδκδڵө˵㹻ѣһһȻϽ£өйưҲ޷ǿ
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ӽ鼶Ĺư棬ҲǷ˾ţ֮ϡ
պã㡣ַͨ죬˷ܵ˵ө΢΢һЦֻưӽưĴڡ
ĵشϣͻƳĹư档
ֻҪ㹻֣ɳ˵׼гһվɱˡ
ţţөǵͷϲޱȡ
Ҳ֪˵ʲôźãȴĵȸԾ
ȥ룬̫ңԶ
ڵѾ⡣
ϹưѪѪڷɣֹʵޣֱս̤ȫµĲΣܲ˷ܣ
ﻹвٹư棬ԼʣĹ֮ԴһɡַĿɨܣĹ֮Դʮ־өвٰ
Լ˵ôǲ󣬵ʤޡ
óʱ䣬רİѹ֮ںϣʮԴ硣


ʮ겻ָһ˲ȴөѪһ¥ַĹ֮ҲǴﵽʮԴ磬估Ϲưõǰ˳
Բ׶εĹ̫֮ࡣ
ʮԴ磬㰡ַ̾طҲȥ˵ʮԴĻֳܻɺܶΡ
֮Լº͹ưȣ̫ࡣ
Ҫưһʱֹ̱״̬սʮַֹһЦҲ֪̫ңԶǳϦ֮
֮ܽڽŲŲƣѾܲ
֧Ѫuһ֧֮
Ϲ֮ʮԴ磬쵶Ļܴﵽ£ٶȵԪشںϣҲиԵɱ䡣
ַ˫
ȣ
ڣȻͬķ֮׶ֱͣǹ֮밵ħ֮֮밵֮ħƽںϣ׶Ρ
ں˵ȫԽԪںϵߵ߽׶Ρ
Ѫȹ̣սǿΡ
ַսá
ԼսԴǰʮʸԼҲ֪ʵһʲôĲΡ
Ǿս֤ɡַһЦ
ʱ򣬸ýɽ硣
ǿߵ¯



2097 ⶼʲô°
ٴַ̣өֱɽ硣
ĵĵشյģ˵̲ŴܡԴǿߣصǿҲѰҡ
ֻɽ纱ٿ
ΨпʮСֻأҲǰٴֻͨأŻһδֻأɽ硣
˵ܣ֮Сө渵
ԭˡַͷ
өţ峤ɽ̸֪˵뿪Դ޵Կף˵Уе˵ǳأ˵硡
ַһЦ
ʲôܶãԼյһУͬʱҲԴ޵һվ
һжٸַ
Ҳө峤ԣÿһСֻضᵮһöУʮСֻҲʮöУֻػᵮٸͲˣʱѾкüöг
ַš
̲յĴܣ٣ѹ˼ҡ
ֻؿǰԴһֻöУȻöյǿСҪУ̫ѡ
ʶͳʸ֮ġ
֪öУһö֪٣Уһö΢¥ԴһǿƷУ˭ȥǣ
㽻ˣǵĿľǽöаȫ͵峤УǱ󹦸ɡөǾٲͣҲͲˡ
ַ壬ө֪ߵҰģҲ㹻ʵ͵ʱʵ۾飬ߵ峤һ룬лǽ峤һ㡣
סַ
Լʵǿ峤öҲ峤ʹã˵Լʵ峤ȷһЩ
ǻкܶгô˵һأַЦЦ
өոջأֱһƲ˹˵ߵܣҲ̫쿪˰ɣУԴЩǿ㶼˵кܶǿߡ
峤˵ˣǿ߱ԴǿߣǶʵҪܶ࣡
ޣַ屶в졣
ǿ࣬ԼǹģʵҲԴǿǿͷһ
Ҳǣ츳ȶ֮أ벻ǿҲѡ
ȤַԽԽڴ
ֺǿĸоԼѪڡ

ɽ硣
޾ʯ׹䣬ʱը֮֮ľ汻УǿߣҲҪˡ
˵ذǿ߻ǿ棬ɽڰǿ߶ԣ͵ء
һһ
ͨǿߣҪҲס
ʶһǿΪףһСжԴ޸Ⱥ
ȻжҲкܶ࣬Դ޵Ķǿǡ
һӢˬһڵĵʣӽ̤ǲÿһαöޱȵأͺŸ趯
ǿߣࡣ
ԴеλƷʹ̡
˵һһԴѾǴ˵ºš޲һֱ棬Թ֮
һʱһʱ
ȺһһЦӭˣȴǶǹıı伫ƣһӰڲ񷡣
˵̾Ϊֹ
һöôһҵɱһȻ߽ں
ֶΣԴбǿָ
ŭΧݣֱӿɱǡ
˵ежö
ʮ壬ʮǸࣿ
УƮݡ
һͷںڳӳǿӣǻ΢΢дȻ֮жУ
ţһ
ʱ䣬ǰһȻΣޱ߰
˫ĿѪ죬ɱ¾ƬޱȣͷѪuǣȴ֧
Ѫuɣ
㲻ôɣֱӱܿ˺ѿռһצ
ʲôУ˫ͨ죺Ɒ޳ܵȺҶܣѪuǣҪ˺Ƭ
䣡䣡䣡
״񣬷񹥻
ȴһͷˮܺ˼䣬˵ʲôɣϴ˰ɣ
ûɱǧ࣡㣬˭
ȥ
ɵĹεȿֲѪuޱսһ壬ѪuԲ˵ɸ֧Ѫuǣʵ֮ǿܱȡ
©ƫҹ꣬ⶼʲô°̾Ρ
ٽüͷ΢أ׷
ʱŲڣ㣬սֱӶȥֱɱŭ쳣ŭ׷ϣ׷࣬ܿ׷
ɱ
ҾŹ㣡



2098 ʯ
ַԲ֪
ҲͿַ嵱壬ɶиһͷˮ
Դǿһģ
һݣᣬǿߣһͷڷɺױ㽫˵ġ塯ϵһΪԼи
࣬ǿߡַө
ţĴ󽣿ͣԴǿ߶ͬөжǣݵˣ˧ʵǿ
ַȻʧЦ㣬Ŀˮˡ
˵ʲôأөһ죬ֻǴ֪ͣô
ţַͷ
өߺѷǵУΪļѡ
ַţסˣԴǰʮǿ߻ǵˣƷġ
֮Ϊө̾ҸһԵʴȾǶԼ̣Ҳѹֵǡ
סַǶ
սϣԲʲô壬ʤΪ
Ϊйˣ޾νǹƥҲ֮С
ȽϺƽϲս·Ҳ֣ƩTTTṥΪܵػء
֮޾ɻػأҲ˳ǻۡ
ֲһ㶼ƽΪ
ʵ⣬гͷѪ֮өǼһߣŭѡ
ͼַ֪˵˭
֣Ū֧飬Լϵʱֻ١
ˣʱ϶Ҫúһ㡣
ߵ룬峤ԴǰʮǿߣǻҲǣөսȭ΢΢𽾰°ͣʵҲɽ磬Ǵһ
ԣһַ΢Ц
Լԭ͵˱鲼壬Ѫu壬
ɽ磬裬ںˡ
ϣлʣ࣬նһöȻɽ磬ַҰġ
ûУǾȥһ

ʱ⣬Ŷ
̲û֮Ѫuʱַөǵɽڡ⻹ָܹ·˽·Ȼ˵öѰ⾰
ڵˡַǰһƬͨ͸أһ΢磬̲޾ء
ռΪȸԾﱾǿռģɽ߽磬ܸоӿĿռ䷨Ԫγ
ȡֱַӿ
֮ţͬһʣֻߵһЩһ⻪鲼Բͨ·򿪣ַөһС
ͨάһʱ䣬ʶԶһ룬谭
ռַͨоԼ·Դ޵ڲһԲߣˡԲߣ޾Ԫռ˷ѹѹ
~~
ɫмתȸԾоٴϮ
ԣˮ
¡һռĪѿʱһž޴ǣӿռвֱַ΢΢һ˲ʱٵ
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죬ȻǾ޴ǵĳεȿ£ܱУֻδ
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һʯŸ䣬˲ǵڶĿʯ׷಻ϣ֮ŭ
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Ȼѡɽ磬ҪɢڹâȻͬԪʯչܽӴ

ַƺУʯǿĳײõɳȥ
һΣʯȴһΪʯɢ
ȻǿߵĹԱַأ˽ȥɽеʯ콵ǳ࣬һ¡
Ȼʱսʯ콵ͻԵæң֪롣
ȵ׼ǱҪġ
̬ԣө𿴵Բ
Դǰʮǿߣ˭Ȿܰʯ飿ǳѾֲ˹
ȷʯַĿɢڵϵʯ̲صյȫͬ
ʯʹɣ࣬յ
ͺޣͬʵȫһࡣ
Ǵģ
ôģ
ΪʲôʯܽԴ޵ǿȴȥ
ڣ
ַкܶʡ
ɽֱԼЩĴ𰸶ܡСйء



2099 ˣ
Ҳ𰸣Ҳ
Ͼ̤ɽ磬ɽһɶδ߱飬ַϢɢȥͼ̽Ѱܣȴʮ֮
ǿռռ֮ʢ֮Ҫʤһȡ
彻սЩԿַЩǣԼԿռ֮Ϊۿռ츳ԼʵЩӵжռ츳ǿߣвࡣ
Ҫǣר
Լ޵ǹⰵ֮͵ר޵ǿռ֮
ֲ֮һЩϾֻ׿Խַ岢ԸδΪߵһϵս
ǿ߽¯
ǿս
ߣ
ֻѡ
Ķ֣ưģƶˡ
ˡ
һԴǿߣ壬Լݡ
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ɽǿߡ
ʵͬһࡣ
Դ࣬ǿߣɽǿ߷Ƕ⣬ԣɽǿУбƷµĴڣʵɲ⡣
ԴǿߣǶս֮Ƿȱ
һḻϼ޻ͬС
㣬ô峤ַʵ
ҪĿ꣬ǰ峤Уһж֮
иӦʯөȡһŴɫʯһ룬ʱʯһ㱡âө˫ոӦʯٿˡ
áַ¶һĨЦݡ
ΪѰĿ꿪ģΪ峤԰Ȼ
Ŀ꣬ԲҪٷ˼ֻŸӦʯ߾СɽôҪȥѰˣʵ൱ѵġ
˼С
ʯ콵ɽʱʱı㷢ͺһųһľ޴ʯйַ壬ֵ׾١
磬֮ﵽʮԴ磬ַﲻưľ磬֮ǰȴ࣬ٶȵƿأõգƿض
ৣৣৣ
һžﲻѵөַš
֮ʱҿռ䣬ϲҪ֣ܰȻʵڶܲʱųӲǿߵĹܰȻԱ
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ө˸˸ΪʲôĹ֮ҵĲһأߵܣܸоĹ֮ٲȻѾһΣǴԲô
ө侫޹֮һ֮δԲ
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׵Ĳ죬ȴǸԵĲ֮࣬
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ʱַѴңԶգƬͻȻĵ޾գƬ񷶼ճ˻ɫ
µǣЩ൱ֲ
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ɽ粻ɽ磬ΣַղҲûӦΪϢĲͲǿңҲûκ
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ө峤˵ˣɽеһбԽ󣬱Խ»ɽ緢Ȳе󣬵ҲǼ׿Խ
ޣַ֮һ
Լ֪˵
ң㡣ַ忪ڡ
šөӦҲ֪Լﲻʲôæһȥַ壬ı
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֮ǰһƬƽѳΪһһյ¯ƻɽ㣬ȵ¶ðǿ߻ɻҽ
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ַĿɨӣϢٿͷš
~~
͸ػ棬ֱӻɽģƺһ貵⣬֮Уһ龲Ƕ
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2100 ܾûָо
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Ƶ˲䣬ǡ顯͵޾棬֮ǰһĻ緢ǿֲ֮ʢһǿ߶Ϊҽ
ַֹâ֮ħ֮˲Ƶ˲ֱӱһ̲ص֮۷徳硣

߳߳߳
Ǻ֮䣬ʩչַ嵥һ̤סΣǿֱ飬ʱ޾緢£һӤ˲ޱ
ãҵĻ˲÷ת򹥻ַ塣
ʱַѳһ棬ûһ޴ſѪڣֳѪuǰϢıǽûɡ
¡~~
Ƭص׻ɽ𣬵ضɽҡ
գۼ䣬ʤѷ֡
ɽǿôַվ֮У˿գ첻κ˺Ҳ;Ǽ𣬸˵ûˡˡ
δٿµɫ棬ǰַķ˵һ
ûУﵹСַץסµһ澧ʯʮϸС㣬ȴȼգһŻ֮ꡣ
ǻĺľɣַУĵоһ˿
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һųֲըըǿߡַܿжϡ
ǻ緢޾Ļ棬һ£Щȫһ㣬澧ʯ֮Уж£
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һ䣬漴Ͽա

ô죿ө𾪵
šַͷ
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ΣյĶԼ㣬Ƣ˵׼ˡʵʱδҪôһδһ·
ôө۾תţ·ܻ棬Щڴ
УûСַһסө𣺡߰ɣﶯô󣬺ܿǿߣûҵԼˡ
ޡө㶵Ӧš
֪ʱѶַΩǴӡ
۶ߣܻȼգַݸһЦ
ܾûָоˣ̼ʵζԼѪţ̽յζԼڵʵСһһӡ
ûҪգҪȥð

ַө𣬼ǰС
ɽ֮󣬱ҪײףиղŻɽ緢һһ塣
ȱԶԼұôֱӡ
бַĿ棬ܡԼ֮ȵȣػģһбڡ
ޱ䡣
ޣ֮軯ѰٸֻҪеõס
ޣʵͨ
ɽޣ붼鼶
ɽǿ߾ͱյǿһȣ츳֮ؾɽǿߵ޺ޣǱѰ
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ͷ޵ʵֻ²
ֱԼǳӲ̡
Լ񲢷Ҫɱͷޣֻǲסһ¡ǿսԼʵа
ܷñͿˡ
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ҲӦ޳ûĵطΧַӽкɫâڰħ֮׶ɣ˫ͨ졣
ө󣬱ؿںڵ˫ͫŵһˡ
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ˡַٿصͳ
ǰһȻϢ֣Χؾ𵴣ɽ
Ȼ䣬߿쳹ֱ񷣬һѩӰΧ¶ʱѹͣɱ㣬Ϣֱ衣
жַȵ˲䣬ʱӭϣֱȡѩޡ
ө촽һҧһ˿â෴ȥֱѰڡ



2101 ޱ\
~
̹ǵı䣬İգӲ˲䣬£·ʱ䶼ɢ
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ȴһͷ죬ϲѩƬһ㵭Ϣ޴İɫὫռ䶼и
ַ¶ϣ
Լ䲻ʶͷȻΪصܹȴϵã\Ƕʢһͷޣ츳ǿ
Ǻ
µ¶ȣܽһǿֱӱ
ϣñ渲һ㵭ȴ˲飬ַ˫Ѫ죬֮׶͵İħ֮ǿȱ鼶ȣֻԴ·硣
磬ȴֲ

ַ嵶֮£ֱ\ͷۻ뵶⻷Χԭĵʱѿжٹ谭
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ĹѾܿ£Ч͸¡
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֮ǰֹѪu£
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өַܷġ
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ִַã֮밵֮ħϵ֦㽻һսֱñ\Ϊ֮һ˲Ǳŭ
һ࣬սȨ
ŭҲ

һߣөһ⣬ضۡ
ܸоϿսļңԶԶʵΣǲʱµı飬ޱȿ£ȵĺֱƤ
ÿֲޣөƳϷǼǴۣģޣ˲ȥս¾ͻᱻ˺Ƭ
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ಣ
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~~өоԼһεıݣ˲䴳ȥ
ռΪ֮ãѨһоؿڼөɴ۾ʱȴ·ҪֹͣƵģȵı
Ǻӣө
Լ͵ر˳Ѩ֮⣬ѣֱ˵ԭȵλãөǻȫѣ˵ϡ
ͫУȴѲϲá
ģб



2102 նף
޳Ѩ
һ۱һ޴ңΪͷͷź¾סһͨѨҲһȻıߡ
г޾ͱ飬һ޴ıȻֻƳһۣөѼвһȡ
ѩ׵ȣԼ׳խϿһ㵭ԡ
±סѲ侪ϣȶһ貱ʯߵͫһ㣬⡣
۷
㲻۷ҲһǶ׿Խ

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ôأөˡ
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ֱӳɻ걾
ө𱶸ͷۡ
ĵģĪõȴò֡

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ʵַȻѷɫ\һս۷壬սⰻȻҹ֮ոմʮԴ磬ٶȵƿأ˼
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ĹǿԼٶȿ죬˴ˡ
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ȻҵĹû֮ͨĻܸûһȥۻ˺ͺܿɹˡ
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ħ֮ķ֮׶мǿ֮ķ֮׶ٶȺϵû֮ķ֮׶ֱӸû
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𣡡Ǳŭеı\޴͵һͫɴ󣬸·˲ޱŤ·ʲô
㣡ַһʱ䷴Ӧ
Ӧҵ\ĳѨΪޣмǿ츳ڳѨϢ½Ƶȵȡ
һ˽룬ܷ̾֡
бַ֮һϲ
ûޱ\ķӦôǿҡ
ߣַӰһֱӱһ֮ﵽʮԴ磬ɹ˿أƿԼС
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ޱ\עȫѨ˹ȥŻسѨޱҡ
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һַ˫ͨ죬ħ֮˲Ѵ߹ȵޡ
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䣡
һֱȾѪĻ
ޱ\ҵĺ񷣬޴¡Ӹ߿£ͷ­ȫѡ
նף



2103 ǿǻɱ
Ӯˣ
ַԼҲǲš
ޱ\ʵ֮ϣӹɣʱȴǵס
ԼĹȷʵﵽǿߵĲΣնޱ\кܴɷݣԼľ֮
û뵽Ұ㣬ҡַһЦ
ԣޱ\ΪŽѨеıԲŻ˻ҪԼسѨΪԼ֮ǰƲķʶޱ\ȫûԼ
УԷ˴
һºޱ\ȻѾΪʱ
·λã˲ᣬǷĵط֮һڶֱŵһ˿ڣն䣬ȫݻޱ\ķ
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Դǿߣսֵ᷸ͼ󡣡ַ̾
ǻۣʱĺҪ
ֻҪޱ\Լע⣬Ƿôһ㣬Լܽնɱ
ৣ~ֱַޱ\ʬ塣
޵ʬ壬ֵͬ죬ɿ׿Խ޼ֵҪߵĶ࣬ҲõĶࡣ
\Ǳ
ϵƬҪκӳ֣ܴﵽǼ𣬺εȿֲ米ϵѩ׳ȫƳ
̫̫࣡
ûκȫ츳裬ʩչӵжõܵӰ졣
ЩҪʹã°ߣԴҲûʲôǿߣޱ\ʬƳɱ
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ȥĳѨ
ʲôŽһУ
ַҲܺ档

ޱ\ĳѨ⡣
~꣡~өڵشҰףûаѪɫ͹µһ㱡ı飬ƱסƵġ
~~
ͷţ齥ڣөɫȻܲ
һεĳԣȻʧܡ
͵ڶһĳѨ֮У࿴˼ȣ˻Ϊٲ߾ͳˡ
ȱ
Ѩڵı䣬ǳĳܷΧ
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ǰȴƫƫòָоУʮܡߵͷôõĻʲôҲ
ʹģ
ܸУөޱܡ
񹼸ߵܵһ⣬ֻԼʵ
ߵܣһа취өֱֱǱ̹ǵĳѨ˫ͫЩʧ֮ǰĶ־ɢԵЩǷϡ
һ٣ٶʧܣ˲
ôˣ㣿
ٿȻ䣬Ϥڱ𣬶өѹС΢΢һЩתͷөŴ󣺡ߵܣ
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өЩš
δͷΣƳߵַ壬ȻԵãɵı飬ө¶֮ɫߵ㡭
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ģ
ߵַȻ΢ЦөȻ
̫ˣ
ǿ鼶ް
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ɱˣөסˡ
ûɣ
ߵַ壬ܻɱһͷޣ
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ǿǻɱ
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Ҳл˵ɡַһԴөԣûѪɫķӣ˫ͫˣ
һСˡөδл
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У䡣ө£̹ǵı䣬ֱѨڱȳѨѨȷб
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ô֪өһ㶡
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ûޱ\ôô
бⱦӦûǳҪֵߣ
Ϣһ£㣬ҹȥַө˵ţʮԪʱڱ޷ٽѨ
ߣߵַ壬өʮġ
޶ɱ޵ĳѨʲôѵģʲôߵܰ첻ô
ȣܿǵսƷˡөڴš

Ȼе䡣ַ建ޱ\ĳѨ
һ̹ǵıǳѨƬط·𶼱֮ĿռУȴֻмСһܽӴ塣
䣬ַԾͺһһء
оһû˺Ѫϸ硣
ǳѨַܿޱ\ĳѨǰԶ˳űķ򣬱ҲѰҡ
~~
һ䣬ַǽ볲Ѩ֮С
ı䣬һȴٿֵ֮ˣֻޱ\涼ܽսַЩв
Ǿ˵ġȣַҲǷ֡



2104 Ʊ
ѷ֡
ΪǾ޴ȣԭޱ\Ѩ롣Ѩôһۿ⣬޴Χ˱ûκζ
ޱ\Žģⶫַܺ档
ϸȣȷЩأھ޴֮УѲǿϢֻ幦κΣôƱֲ֪
ҲһǹЧرǿıֻޱ\ϲղƷ
ó޴γȫΪޱ\
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ΣƱ˵
֣˲һ˪
ϣ
˪ѣַ˫ͫһҡ
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أһػھޱϡ
Ȼֻʹþޱ۶ѿ΢죬ȱĺȣֵһᡣ
⡭ַЩȻ
ԼĹɣƲ
~~޴ĵʷֻޱȾԶͺɸһ޴ĺȺӲȣԶԶˮ׼

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Ҫ֪өڳѨһɲǶȥ
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Ҳ̫áַ岢ķ̫ʱ䡣
ɽбΣķ˭Ҳ֪ᷢʲôҲһƬֳµޣµޣʵǿأ
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Ȼˣ;Ū֣ҹζࡣַһ۾ָϢͬʱѾ˾
ô죡

Сʱַٴν\Ѩ
һ죬һַ˾飬֮Ķֻ֮ҪЩ֮ҲڿɳܷΧ
͵óܼȱʴˡ
ֱַйâһȡ澧ʯ֮ǰڵص׻ɽնǼССһžʯвŵģȴޱȿֲ
µıըʯ
ұ̲صĻ֮֮νһԡ
жԡ
ַԣ澧ʯЩߣ߲ɵͲͣʡʱ;󻼡
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һУġ
ৣַһֱڶڡ
һйǳͣĿһƣֱֱ׼޴ǰĻ澧ʯٿȻ֮ݡ
ֱȡ澧ʯ
~ַڹĵһ˲䣬˳ڡ
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꼰㡣
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ʯѿ̮֮ķɢȥһӿ޾գʱϡַԺȻдŸղžҵıը
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һ㣬͵ñ꼰ء
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ƬĴǸ¶®ɽĿ



2105 
ѩ׵ȣ׳
խϿͨ巢һ㵭ԣǿȾͺƿһӺݻĻʺ󣬸߾Ȩȣͳء
ָоϡ
Ȼַüͷ΢ء
֪ΪʲôԼܸоѪƺЩųѩȣֻ˵ǡϲңƺʺԼʹá
žַסѩȣʱȶ貱ʯͷųһĨֱӱס
ม
ַȻʧЦ
ȣ黹һЩǻʶ
䣡ַ˲ǿֱӺ룬ֱССϪԴһŽɫսףͷѩŮӣžᣬִȣ߹Ӻݡ
ԣޱ\һڵأʮ˳
棬һ˲羵飬ڡ
Ժд΢ʶϢ
һַһֲʣһ˵İˣͺƱĹңķԹ
ֻһγѩ΢ʶ㽫ݻ٣ռΪС
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ȷ֧ȼֵߣַԷ֮ˣοѰөһ˵һ۷õõ۷Լ
ˣüƽô

ǣөͨ巢ѩȣؿڼֻ۾ɵԲ徹Щ΢΢ǿ
ޣַ֮һ
Լȫоһ־ºųĸо
Ȼ֧ȶԼܲѺá
ģ㡣ַȻʧЦ
ԼҲˣ֧ȻϣˣһλŮӶӡ
өһٿطӦޱ\ı̫ˣߵܣҲա
Űɣ㡣ֱַӽөУЦûãԣӦдã
ַδ˵ȥΪѾ˵ˡ
өӵȵһ˲䣬ѷȶ˵ıʯͷųޱ貵һʥ֣өȫ֡
ٶ֮죬֮Ѹ٣Ȳ
һַЦҡҡͷ
ѩȵ־ͺһ¶ĺͯΪԼӽԶԼǾºų⣬ҵһˣȲϣٴαԼ
Ҳãʡ
ϣܷӳǿԡ
ܲ˱ʥޱȵөսһϸС֮ӱ֮Ϣʮǿ
ĻԵˡַûĽеֻף
۷ʵԴǰʮܵĸ̶ȣͿϳ̶ΣĳΡ
ܼԴǰʮ壬ǰʮ
ַڴ
ܱǿԼΪеġ


өϣַ쳣졣
ԭΪ죬༸ʮںϣʮ궼ңַҲǾޱȡ
壬һЩ仯ַĿ⾼
ԿӦȴ
ǿȣڲһ͸˿˿ʶڱ仯
õķɱ䡣
ѩȶԽַԥؽ
֧ȻЩҲ֪ܣǰˣַ΢ȻһЦҲ⡣
õķչǾ͵š
ȵȫϣһж͸



2106 ͬ
ʮʮꡣ
өϣһٶʮַ꣬Ҳһٶʮ꣬û֮Ѫuǣɷ֮׶
쵶СԧޡҲǳž
֮ر仯ͬĹʻͬͬʱ仯Ӧ䡣
֮رģԵһ֮㺳㲻֮ͬӱһɽ֮䣬֮κοɺԲӦ䡣
ߣνأ
۹֮ǰַ֮嶼ѴﵽԲ׶ΣʮԴԲúԶԱʵԶδ͸˵ǽϣϼѡ
Ȼͬϵִྶͥԣţ༰
ⰵںϣԽںʱԽǿ
ţеַٿ֮һãԶөȵϢǽǿ貱ʯƺҲĴ
ˡ
ַ˫
һٶʮı仯Լ۲֮С
˵ɱΣȻԼԲúԶô˵Ҳ̤żճɾǿߣһͱǿ߸ߵĶࡣ
ˣµ츳Ѫһ͸ŵͷ⣬\ơ
Լͱ\սľЩ˪ܼ˹ٶȣ˺ͬʱбԵһȵķˣЧ
Ȼֻϸ΢ķ
ҪѪı⣬ޱ\һ촦
~өͺƴӳ˯ܾãѹһ޵ӣĽë۾ǰ΢Цߵַ壬չһЦˡ
ܾôߵܣөգգ۾
ãһٶʮꡣַ΢ЦӦ
өС죬ƺڻʱ䷢飬Ǹ˼ߵܣ鷳ôá
С¡ַһЦоô㣿
өӣſ͸˫֣֮һ˪ͷſʥˮ˫֣Ǳ⣬ͨ͸ƿء
֮һǱǧ
ৣөһǰʱһǽǰһͻʱγһ׶˫ѩӰڣ缹׵㣬ںһ
ַ̧߳һֱƱ׶ǽ
~~
׶ǽ׷ѡ
ϲ㡣ַө𣺡ֹѪɱ䣬ʵǴ󳤣֮⣬֮Ҳƿأ
̫ˡөš
ַЦŵû´֧ӦͬʱѪаɡ
ֻͨϣҪôãڵʮԼѹ֧ȱҲѰһˣһ˵²
ʶԼų⡣
ʵΪԼɱޱ\ԼϵѪ̫ǿ費˴С
өͬөŮӣѪҲǿ֮һûԼһİ֮ѪȶԣѴж
ԣȽӴө˲䣬ȸԾޱȡ
šөף渵
֧ǰεˣһ⵽㣬ˡӳǰʶѪ⾧֮Уȣ\
֮ޱ\ײգء
޾һֱػ֧ȡ

ַš
ԼĹ⣬ûʲô
֧ȵԭˣǸǿ߰ɡַ
өţǿߡ
ַüͷأһǿߣʹôͨ׿Խ
ǿߣΪͨȣеȣߵȣ۷ΣϱˡʶǿߣѾǿߣεǿ˵õ۷Ŷԡ
өô౦ɮ٣ǿйȻǿߣ֮ǿʵ緱ǣڸȺĴսֻʿҪΪ񣬲ΪȺм
ӵдУө֪ʶǷḻࡣ
ԭˡַȻ
ǬĴУûôࡣ
ֻ֪еĵȼΪǿߣǿߣ
ǿ֮£ֵһᣬǿĺƿߣҲֻǿԽڶѡ
ѾΪ׿Խӵ⾧ʣܴ
ө޾ԪΪޱ\ֲ־֮£ѿ۷С
л㣬ߵܡ
û㣬ҿһӶӴôߵĲΡ
ģлл㡣
ַ壬өĴ˵ĸо
ͬ졣



2107 ұô
өԼ֪Լ£Ѫ̻Ѵﵽޡ
֮ǰߵַѪҲ˶ѡө֪ޣҲǶʯɽһΡ
ڵĶʯɽһҪͻƣѱȵ졣
ΪߵܵİͺƴһһޱȵĴ˵鼶𣬾񼶱гһ󼰣
飬̫
ÿ㣬ĻԵַЦûĽֻΪ㿪ġ
ⶫһ͹ˣԼǬĴУֱ漫ޣҪʲô
㣬ʵĸˣַ
һ£өƤգգ۾
áַҲһЦ

ٴ̡
һٶʮ꣬˵ʲô
Խܴеө˵һٶʮĴ£ʵͻͽٷ°ɣÿһ춼˵һٶʮ֮á
֪һεĴжǿ
㱾ʵѴﵽǿż
ƾȣսǿߡ
Ѫɱ䵽ޣҪ鼶ҪԼȵĴУο鼶Ӧúˡ
ַө𼲳ɽС
һȻөܣϾַʵǿܻɱޱ\ƾҲ㹻ʵ١
өʵȷʵϡ
ԭΪܼԴǰʮѾ⣬뵽өʵѾԴǰʮ
ֻѪδ̤Ρ
ȵĴУ̤βֻһŶѣҵԿױ׿룬дֵө˵¡
赺ϡ
ʵөṩַܴ
۷ȡܷө֮츳ӵб֮ԡ⣬谭ơ
ޱ\ӵеȼӵС
ٶȼ죬ǿַ˵өһʩչ˾⣬ս׾ٷӣɽ֮ΣҲһƽ谭
өԼҲܿģ΢Цһֱ˵ϡ
̩
ѣӭ
ٲߵַƿǵ֣Ѫٽһ̤鼶ʵߵʱ赺ϣҡ
ǰͷɱߵַ壬өտտ˵ĸо
ͬϵԭͺУ˴һѣǽΪܵĹϵߵַͬ죬өһŷѴ
ֻǡ
ұôࡣөаٰᣬҧӣһθо谭
ԭںЩҲûЩרһ츳ףйɾ;ǿȻʮᡣ
Դ޵ľǿߣСģָ
ֵ۷壬ïөһʢĵ޷ҷԼΪšƫƫϵģһСܶߵַ壡
̫ᣡ
ߵַ壬С̫ࡣ
ô㣬ʲôأϤڶߣөһ̧ͷߵַ΢ЦӣСʱһ죺ûʲô
ûʲô߰ɣ㣬ɽƺЩԾǾ峤ϰɡַ
šөӦ

ಣಣ
Ӱ۶С
ͬó֮ٶǼ죬ɽһֹŹգɽѹ֣ԣʱƣԽԽԡ
гǰס
֮ǰ峤һʱҼΡ
өա
ĸоûַôԽԽԣҲܹ۲쵽г󣬱鼰ɽ磬벻ע⵽ѡ
šַͷǲͻܱҵĵ򣬾г֮أ
өţΧϣչᣬǾԶϲȻᵽС
ǿ֮
һ棬ǰöᣬ֮ԽԽѡ
֮ǰһöᣬǲûͼԣֱӰǶɢա
뵽һΣөһ
޳ܣ
Ϊжͼȴ־ɱǣ̫ɶ޲ȥ峤ϣúýѵһͼ
㹻ʵսԱ
ǿ֮ôַҲǸ̾
ȷʵԴǿߣɽǿߣյǿߣȺ͡˵ûһڶöгһףûӦǿ
֮һȻҪȡͿֶκʵˡ
ԼڵʵҪȲεᣬөֻҲ
~~ַ
Լ̫˰
Ⱥ峤˵ɡ



2108 
ɽ磬̫ܡ
ַʱѰңөҲǣȵĴкǲֻ農ͻ鼶ʵܿԽһΡ
ٴγƱһȷѪꡣ
ʣ峤ͲˣƵᱦԱѡϾͼ񣬾ڰĻƷһ
ַ֪峤һȥС
ֻһ˿ᡣ
ʵȥߣһǿ֮ġ
ΪǿߣԲηκ裬Ǿ·޷ˣ˵бֵߣֵðա
ĸͬǣ֪ͬһĺӣֻԸ߰ѡ
߰ʲôֻ츳֮ˣʸ߰
ܽˡ͸ӦʯөӦ峤͵λãŨ֮λûǷһޡ
Ӧʯġ;Ľ¡
ٶãַʵ
ʮ꣬꣬峤ǻҪƶĻʱ仹Ҫӳө
ַͷеĳŻжã
ꡣө
ܸϵôַüͷ΢ء
өϸһʡ
ôַЦһ
ԼǺܺá

ó㣡ó㣡
޾ɫȼһƬѪɫϣɽһľʢĵ򡪡ڻ룬һ˿Ѫuġ٪塯ƿƬڻ롣
ǿߣ٪֮࣡
ǿߣʤ
Ȼ£ڻϾۼȺǿߣ٪ȴǸŭԣǿеһΪѱɱ
ǿߣɽǿߣԴǿ߽Ǿۼ
飬ɽҰõģǧǿϢʮʮ־ˡ
һöг֮ء
٪ǿԳУҲû취̣ͬΪɽȺǲǵģƩ壬Ů壬ɽȵȡ
˵һЩ츳Ѫǿֻһͷǿƥ
յǿߺ࣬ϣȴҪѷɫɽǿ࣬ǿҪٺü
ģȻԴǿߡ
Ȼʮǿߣǿֻ߽Ŷˮݣš
ͣգ˵ײһͷĹȫɫۼףɢǿϢβĵأڻϵĺɫ涼
ҶôģʿŭĿɣлܡ
˫ֽ棬Ŀ
ɫȫӽʿʣ˾ͺһѽеıȫϢνʿζŭԲᡣ
͵ȴɢݽ⡣
ֻҪʿһ֣̾Ǳ顣
˵ͣ
ưôô
˶
ʿƿڴԹޱȡ
Բﶯ֣Χôǿ߿ţһͶ̵ְǾ鷳ˡ֪ԼʵͶڲ֮䣬ʱڸֳʤ
ʿաһֱĿĶǿڣɫ糣費
вԱС
ͱٴηڡ
ʵϣԼҲ֪ôģǽʿʸ֪ͶšڶԴڶʮλˣ
ôģ
Ӧȥ׷ɱúˡ
׷ʲô
ǲʲôѣˣú
Ҳǰٸнӡ
úõʵҪɱ϶ܣϣֻһ;׷ɱǵĻмǿߡ
˵ģƭ˵ġ
֪ԼʲôҲˣֻһʿʱͷö˵мԽõֶ֮û̹
ġ
õ岻ʵǿıƸǲ൱ѶԸ
ϣƽƽ
ұɱҶģɱͼΪǱ𡣡
;衣
Ϊ峤е÷Ρ
£иҪҪ

ڻϣǿࡣ
г󣬺ԣεڸǿ߶ۼʵβһսʵһ棬һ档
˭Упܡ
ʿʺͶͣһԴ壬һʵ㲻ףֻԴУǿ㣬ǽǳս
ºڻУսʮ
еսģĸ
һߵս
Ҫ֪Դһǿߣ΢¥̫ϻʡƷҲǸߵսԴУֻΨһһߵս



2109 壡
ߵսַ
ţȵĴ΢ǻʡƷʵӦǸߵսөͷʵԴǿ߶ҪһȣԣԴӦֻһǸߵǿߡ
ϯġ̡Ӧֻеǿߡ
峤ǳǿߡ
ԴڰˣھţʮλĸƷģͨǿߡ
ôкөḻࡣ
ǿߵʵλ֣ҲʮȷϾ峤һϴԴǰʮǿ߾ûȫҲ峤
ʵ⣬˾Ųʮ
ͨǿߡַ
ԼʵҲΣѾӽͨǿ߼ޣ峤ʿʣһǿߡڵĳǿ߲Σһ㡣
Ҳˡ
û֮ﵽʮԴ磬Ӧܿǿ߲Ρ
ַ
ԼսԽһס
ϾԼΣֻеǿߣߵǿ߶δ
ԼѪ̫ǿҲߡ
ǹƽģԽǿѪԽ
бס
гһգҵǿ߲Σսֻܵǿ۷˰ɡַһЦεףԼʱ仹̡ܶ
ǬپǿҲһķѴʱܳɹ
ûнݾ
ٿȻ䣬ַ֮һɫ΢΢仯
̧ͷһ˲ڣתۼƿһ˲һ貺գԭѹֵϢ˲ͷţѹ
Ƭأ䡣
гˡө
šַҲǸоˡ
һֱѹƵ˲䱬Ƭɽ綼ȼ
ԤеĳʱҪôһ㣬Լ峤λãг֮һСξ룬Ȼϲϡ
עһεԼ޷롣
ϣ峤һնɡַҲ⡣
ԼģԼġ
ԼĻԵҲνǿ

ڻУǶС
ۻǿѹǧǿ߽٣һ⵽ǿߵĺսһΪ֡
ɽߵǿֱײϡ
ǿУʵΪǿһʼѷƴһָ¡֪Էǿľ֡
һеǿߴսи䲻һδιУڿռв㣬ûһаõ֡
Ϊ˲⵽ǿΧ
žһֻƾճ֣õУ⵽еǿ߹Ӧ䣬ҽûУ״ҡ
ǿߣûκնܡ
ѣǡУһС
ɴܡ
Բ롣
ڵȴᣬлԥس֣ΪǿߣȫҲӽеǿߣûлᡣ
棬ʿҲڵȴ
Ͳ֣ȻҲ֣ŲΪӣʵﵽ鼫޵Ķõ壬ֳ϶׳֣˵뼫޻һξ롣
ѧ࣬ȵʵСʿʼŶ͡
һöУõֵıǶǿ࣬Դеλеʵͻ൱ڸߵǿߵ׷ѣɼһ㡣
ֱϷս˿ʿʵķ̡
Ҳδʿü¶һ˿䡣
ˣôʿٿأĪðһ䡣
һΣȴüͷ΢΢һ¡
ȥӦˣʿ۾ЦɫβĴŵ棬ѽõgүȥˣӦñȵǣΪʲôڻӰ
ৣ
ɫ䣬˲ʱ԰ס
䣡
ûӦʱһֲײϮٶ֮ʤƺһæ¼ķѸٱɢѪбʱʣƳա
ɣҧȡ
ʿʹЦŭĿԲˣͣҸ㣬գֹǲڣͬڣ
嶷ô
䣡¡
ʿʿЦѾ˺ܾá
Ϊ˽һ򾡣
ʲôģܲܵõνõôʿʻǺ֪֮ģǿƷһԵ
ʵԶԶ
һ߻ԵȴּԵĵˡʹ̣ǵ͵̣ơ
㹻׼ٵȴ´δԵ
ⷽϲߡ
޴壬ֻɵĶͣɣʿ¶ϯƬǿĿȫϣʱ
ɱͣ壡



2110 ä
ַөڸڻ·;С
ٿأө΢һͣ½Ų˸ʣڻڵķ΢΢ƫҲ࣬ü
ôˣ㣿ַҲͣӦʯ⣿
өŴɫӦʯɢӫ⣺Щԣ֮ǰϸ΢оھг֮ظƫƾ͸ˡ
ַҲ˵峤뿪г֮ˣ
өҡͷҲӷ;峤гʱ뿪˵ҲôԶΨһĿгǰ峤Ѿ뿪
ַˡ
Ҳ˵Ҫô峤ǰ˳ᣬҪô峤ĸӦʯߡ
ԣڲȷǸǰг֮ػŸӦʯߡ
Ӧʯߡַ嵱ϡ
өַ壬һЩ⡣
ַĿǰٶȣг֮أǽ峤ǷõУǱߡ
ɽ֮󣬾峤λúܽҪѰҲ¡
˳ŸӦʯߣһ׼ȷĿͷ򡣡
өչüһЦߵܹ
ַҲӦʯڷгۣƫһǶȣܽʡʱ䡣
өţס

ַۣө𲻶ϽӽӦʯ
ɽ޾ʯ⣬ÿһ൱Σգνά裬ӵͨǿʵַżʵөԣֻҪСһΣʵ
ɽǿ߽˶
־һ㶼ȷʶΣ֮߾㲻붼ܸоõܿͺá
һ֮ء̫ƺ
ʲôûֻ֪֪̫ƺǿߣûһǿߡ
өָǰԶ
ַš
Ȼ뼫ΪңԶȻܸоõ̫ƺϢͺһͷϢľޣˮѪڣֻҪᱻɡ
νľֻ˶ԡ
һ㣬ַ
Լ֮ǰѪuѨڽ֮ͬҲΪһʵ򲢷ˣνľʵֻʵƸߡ
ֻҪ㹻ǿʵȫ
̫ƺԼоԼ¶һҪǿߵʵܽһ
Դ޳ǿߺ֮٣ҲδܻųųҲṫö֮ͳ˾ҲȻ
ߵɲҪޡө𡮶ݺݡضַһۣЩǿЦģپḻǿ߽룬䡣
ַ֪ͷİ㣬㶢ô
өߺһǻ˵ڣʲôΣ¡
ַЦЦ
Լܸо㷢ĵĹġ
ԼðգܶʵиȣԼƿ֮УһղŻȥղ
һȣʲô˵ǰ塣
ҪˣԼڲ֪˶ٻˡ
жԶ㣿ַ
ˡө¶һĨڴԶϣܿ峤
Ҳϣַͷ

£߸һš
һƬ޴ɫɽ£ǸԶǺʣվڲҲǳױҵ׿ԽսסվڲϣңԶ
ٿأͫ׷Ŵ󣬹Ų¶һĨ΢΢ϲɫ
峤Ĵȣ
ĵܣԶһлŲŭƣһˣвʧأǸ峤ʯɽ
ڵȵˡĿЦ
õȡʯɽȭ֮䲻Ҫ˵̫࣬һоС
ǰ߶裬峤㡣ĵ峤˾ͺãǵʵһɣ׽⡣
ޣʯɽŨüһչʲô£
ĵ˵Ǳ߱˵
šʯɽͷ
ḻǲЩס
̣ٿʯɽ˫ȭһգüͷšȵʱͷųӿս⣬ȵηѣˣΪβһ
ɫȻһ䣬ȴȫûǿߴڡ
ԷʵٲȻԶ֮ϡ
~һϮ
һɫƵӰʹͷ­һѴ󿳵ͷЩңսϲҳδʹһ㡣
صǱĴ󿳵ƺҲǾС
ΪŹ֣
Ϣû£ȫ
һ˶עߡ
ǣĵɴ۾źɪǵӰЩšǣһ˫ͫţȴɼۿ˰̡
äʯɽ֮һ
еڶǿߣä



2111 ˵һ飡
äһ
ԾһԴϣԴǰʮλäĲäʧȥ۾ʹޱȳɫ֮·һ˳
֪֮Ϊʲôȴ𼣣ɽ֮䡣
Ψһ֪ģš
äʵǹϵģԴλǿߡ࡯磬ֻԴʮλһʵ׵һû֪
ΪѾ̫̫δ֡
˲²һʵϣҲ˲²޷ٽһԭ֣ʶ⵶ӣϢΣȻǸա
ʲôäʯɽ
ǿóäѾ˺ܾãͺһͷޣȴԼš

äġ󿳵𶯣Ǹܵ˵ս⣬וּһǳʡ
֮ȡäۣһ˫ſնͫûκαȴ˵˵Ļ
󿳵ڰäУʱֳһͷ
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䣡
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2114 սõ
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2116 
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ﬣԴʯǿȫоƾ־ȫӲȥַӲסǰϬǿߵϬǳʱӳ
ٶȸ죡
ⰵںϣںϡ
ৼ£ͷ͵Ϯčǿֱˡ;Ϭ෴ǿߣͨǿߵﵽͨżЩ硣
깥ַЧҪܴۡ
߳߳
ˣֱȡɲǷоϬ屣ҲûáϬ巴Ӧһģ˵ǵʵԱ˼ˡ
ļַȫںͷϬͨ飬ֱȡϬǿߡ

ͷϬ壬Ҳȫں
еľ󲿷֣ӵͨǿߵķ⿿Ĺڶʱɱ
ʶɱǵͷ죬Լڲ֮ء
䣡ͷϬʹ˻˫צԴͷɫϬɢ޾󣬽Ƭض֡
¡¡~~
ͬĹ⻷֮ͬľ޴󲨼ַҪǿ̫ࡣ
ϵ츳ַ
ȫѹ
ЩϬǲѪuа֮ħƣѪӳ棬ڹ֮һҲһԼá
һҵ
鼶ĹϵѰٵһ츳֮һȺ
ҵȺζҵǵء
ַ˫ƣļͺһ10%εǿַսѴżļ鼫ޡ
Ϭޱǿǿӵеǿߵĳ̶ȣֱ졣
ǹƽģǿͬʱҲǵʵč壬ַһصčļˣʵľϬ壬ȴ
¡~~
޴һƬֻš
Ϭǿ߷֮ʣͷͨʵľϬȫַ幥
ַʩչļȥ30%ʧҲǾ޴
һս޿ɱ⡣
䣡
ͨʵľϬǿߣһļ㼸شǱֱַӽһ㽫УͷϵϬκιâ䡣
ʣͷϬǿߣȫˡ
ʮͷǿߣҲǾ־塣
û뵽˿£ˣ
ǵ츳Ѝļᣡ

ǿ߿־ԸӣŲ·ܣȺĸǿ߶ˣǻʲôӵô
ǾϬǿûǿôࡣ
Դôǣۼ챻ɱ޾ŭַ巢ͼѹơ
ó־սַ壬һսʤע



2123 ڶ
ϬǲսϺַջ
һսܼջͰϬǣ208ִϬǣȫϬͷһµġÿһϬжǱųĹ֮ͰϬǣƺк͍ǿһ츳
ϵ츳ֺϵͬ
Լ֮ǵĽ׶ΣⰵںϣĹϵ츳ôⱾӦϬͷһ츳Լʩչһȡ
޴Ϭ⣬ͬʱջōͨǿߵڵԼɍǿڵ
ЩͨڵʵҲܲ
ҪõԴȥÿһŶ۱
ַһſۻӿʶĵ30%
Լڵʵ־50%Ӱ첻ֻĳ80%Żɾ޴󸺺ɺӰ졣
ǿ
ֻ׺ѵãָʮֻ
ˍڵȫͬÿһڵж̲ųԣȫʩչļѸֲ
һܹΪǿԽ׹ɱһǧ
ÿһȺսԪˡ
ļȷʵסַ⣬һֻСţЩϬͷһԭ򣬵ԼčļҲֻһء
ڶأǿڡ
ץʱ䣬
ַûʱЩϬɫϬǡ
ֻһ£ļڶأ
Ϊַ֪Ϭͷһ岻ôЭԼɱôǿߣһֻ࣬ǿ
ɡ
͵ϬǸҡ

ŭ
Ų־ϬǿӻȺύǿߵͼӴףϬȫŭˡһǿĳǿͷһͨǿΪͳپϬǿߣƺƵɱء
ƣν
Ϭǿߣ͍ǿһȺԸȥǣΪƤ񣬷̫ˡϬǿߣƽͨǿߡ
ͨǿߵķȳǿߡ
ǿߵķеǿߡ
֮ǰһսַǿōļ׼Ϭ㣬ʵѻʤϬķǳģͷ졮ܥաеǿߣȴһЩߵǿ߸ֲ
˴Σͷ졮ܥաڱչأ֪Ⱥǿ߱ɱɱˡ
Ϭȷʵۣ֮ǰһͷ飬һͷͨǿߣɱַ壬ǿʵֻһ㣬ͨһЩӮˣ
˶͸ַϬǣͨϬ⣬ûκô

ĸˡַ̽ĸϬǣ͍ڵͬϬǸӽѪu޽ǣÿһͬȻ̲֮ͬع֮䱾ʲͬ
ĸͬʵǿߣʽ·ǲͬ
ӦЩߡַ岢żо
һѪuǣȻ෴гͻļǵ˹ؼ׶ΣڶصȻҡ

ַϬǣļڶس̡
൱ؼΪսһͻƣһɍļڶأôսܴӳżֱ̤鼫ޣ
Ϭɽȡ
𣡣غͷ졮ܥա뱩ŭѪš
ǾϬ徭޾Ԫۻ²ſΪɽеȺӵǿߣǧսۣ㱻ԭΡ
ĸǿߣһ
ڣ
ۣʹޱȡ
ɱ
ͷ졮ܥաͬʣһǿ㳲ֱȡءеǿߣеǿͬٮٮߣȸߵǿߡ
Сսްܼ
ϸߵǿߣȫˡ
ܥգһƬʡ͵ĵơϬʧ˾޴ΪͷԴˣôֻ

ء
ϥַ壬ӿΧ硣һѶϢ¶һͨ·ֱӳУʱȫ͸
̤һ
ৣ~ַ˫⼸ͬʱ˲Ϊһ壬ͺˮ齻һ㣬ֱӱ޾â
ļڶء
ַ¶һĨЦݡ
εգţﵽڶغ󣬲ֹ10%20%֧ļ϶Ϊһࡣ
ܺ25%ַ㡣
͍ûıȣͬčļڶأʹ20%ӳ30%ߵ
츳
5%ǲֲ
ؼַͬȵ25%30%в𣬵Լһ
ֻ25%ȴܱ30%ǿöࡣ



2124 ǿܥ
ļڶأɡ
ַԣսĵԴȪԴˣԴϳǰƷ̺࣬ǿ塣
õ壬ʿʡ
ȺսǳսȼʺȺսĵ֮ǴʮԴ磬ɹ˿ء
Եļȫ£鼫ޡ
еǿߣдô
Ϭ壬ӦûҹɡھϬڶɱ덋ʱַȫһͷϬǿߵļ䣬֪ϬʵμܹͬϬɽڡ
ǹ硣
͍һϬɽȶԾϬǿѱأṩԣĹ֮ҲַĿڡ
ֻֻһ
ͷܥաַϬͷ죬ܥеǿսףռݾϬɽȵԼӮ
Ψеأϣ
Ϊǿߵĸء

ĵصȴ
ַһĥ쵶Сԧޡİ⣬֮϶ΪһһߵȴžϬͷܥյĵ
ͼ֪ʱܥڱչء
ܥյĸԣϬ˾޴ʧһأضŭ֮ϾԼ¶ʵۣǿߵսܥյĶ֡
ʵϣҲȷˡ
ƾԼĹ˲ȸߵǿߵܥա
ͬȻͬϵܥյȷǿʤһףȴеǿ߶硣
ļڶأӦЧ
޷ɱܥգԼҲаȫˡ

𣡡ŭ쳹񷣬ܥΪ׵ľϬƺƵɨƽصƣ졣
ܥգʣčǿҲ˵΢΢ף¶ŨŨս⡣
ţһǸض֮ء
ܥճ֣ʹɹ
ܥԼҲôΪġ
սݣӵеǿʵɽ缸ܺߣƬ¹˭š
һ꣬жǿ
Ȼ
䣡ܥո덋ؽɲǣ˲Դһ䣬žʹģЪ˹ĺ
ͷȣ
һ˫㱧ͷ­Ϊʹ࣬ʶз·ǧڹܥա
𣡣
һͷǿ˲ʱֹԴַڣһھϬǿֱȡַ塣ɲǣԭ뼫Զٿسǰ
Ϭǿһ㶣δӦԴʹǰ޻Σһ˺ʹ
ʶ˲

ǿķַüͷһš
һþԼȫЍļϣʹͷϬǿûзſնɱ
¡~~
쵶ĲϬˡ
ҪɱѴͨǿżľϬˣ̫ѡ
ַ˵㹻ɱǲһʱԼѶɱˣǵĹֺγܶԼɱˣ
͹ٶȣԶ
Լвģֻͷ鼶ľϬǿߣʶڴˣļһһˣԼվڲ֮ء
໣ˣܥո׼ޱȡ
ʹȾȻףܥͷɫϬ¹·𾻻һС
ಣ
ַ岢Ӧսֱֱˡ
ԼƿľϬǿ߷ôѣ˵ܥա
Ҫֻһ
ļڶأַ𹥻͵ϮõǵһأΪڶδȫշġһʩչ޴󣬲ʺ͵Ϯ
£Բں¶
䣡
ɫֱɲǼ϶Ϊһ20%ֱ25%ַ˫ᶨ
أһöըܥԺըѿ
һε֮ܥȫȻ߿Ѫ˲ʹ£˻𣬾ŭĺ·Ҫ춼
һΣܥʹˡ
Ȼеǿߡַ޾ΧϬǿߵΧʱڶʩչļڶأһ20%ģ֮ǰ΍ļһء
ģ60%
ַ־ΪᶨҲо൱ƣۡ
ش
ܥɲվδɱ
־ϬǿҪǿöࡣ
ƴˡַҲɱۡ
60%ģһֱ80%
Ĵﵽ80%ѽ״̬ѻȥʱԼУƾǿ־Ҳѳ־ãսԷӡ
ַûѡ
ɹʡ
ҪɱܥգΨһķܥȷʵѾ
䣡ҡҡ׹ŭĺõܥȫʧȥǣϢǿ·ʧȥơ
վδ¡
ַ80%ļڶأδɱͷϬͷ졪
ܥգ



2125 ʳ
Ϭеǿߣȷֻ൱Ⱥĳǿߡ
ܥʵͣãеǿߣǽӽеǿ߼ޡȲеǿߣҲﵽеǿߵż
˵ǸߵǿҪɱܥնѡ
Ҳַѧˍ츳طļȻܥײûеڶֿܣǿĵҲƲܥյķ
Σǿ߼޺еǿżͬ
ֻϸ΢һ࣬ʵǵ֮
ܥΣƿеǿżĻǱߣҪȫݻٺѡַʩչļڶأ60%ģǴﵽޡ
Ϊ֮ǰʩչļһأͬ20%
ǿʩչ־ǿһ10%£ҲȻȥ
ȷʵַЍڵԲĵҪʱ䡣ɲǱ仯ǧսУʱȥڵ
ԴǾʹ
һƣ͵ĸоӿ
ַǰģ˵ܥ⣬ǧͷϬͨǿߣÿһͷӵнӽǿߵķѹˡ
ӣ
ûַҧأ˿˿Ѫ
80%ҪҪٍڵ˾޴ۣһ񣬾ʹգ
ڶ؍ļܥµϢһƬҡ
ʱ
ᣡ
ȻǱ𣬶ǰֱӶᡣ
İѪʵΣ뱾ž޴࣬ϾǱһ֣Ȼǿᡣ
ѪǺͻƵģһ㿴ө֪
ᣬܳΣҲܾ޴
Ϊڣ޴ʮһ걾Ҳδܺںϣʶϼѡ
ʵǿģ᲻ˡ
ʵģҲûá
ܥղͬ
ʵѴеǿ߼ޣߵǿҲֻһ֮ңɽеѪ츳һ㶼ףֻ޵޷
Ϭ屾ϺͰһ̬ǿֻǿϬ£ͬ궼ƫ
һ㣬պÿֲ
Ϊ岻ı䣬ȴỻ
䣡ַƴȫ
100%״̬İͱһδﵽΣ˵ܶеǿ߼޵ܥգȴлᡣ
ڶ؍ļܥգǱٱޣһƬҡ
ͺһսҴĵ۹ʱӿ룬һǿҵܥ꣬һ
ৣʩչַ屾һʱ䳷롣
ľ޴ǧͷϬǿģټ϶ڽУֻҪɹǧͷϬǿߣԼһ֧ǿ޵оӣ
ɱԼ£޴
𣡡໺𣡣ݍأۼܥմ仨ˮϬǿ߷׷׻ס
ǣӮˣ
ԾϬ˵ǲⳡս۵ʧΣֻӮ
ɽ֮䣬Ϭ׷ףޱȣȴ֪ʱ룬ǵ졮ܥաһս
һҵַɡ
һƵַ·İٱǿȲֹϾܥʶУųɡ
Ϊңʹַлɳˡ
һɣһǿܥյʶԻԣͬ»꣬ĴƮԷɻֻᷴбܵķ
Щ޷һôֻʣ±һ;
ոһգ긴һꡣ
ӻȣв׳Ϊںܥյ꣬ʹں϶൱ߣֱӶɹҪ߳ࡣ
𣡣Уһȴ˷ŭĺܥաַشʮתָʶ
ȴط֣ʶһ뱻ʳ
ͺơûһ롣
ܥǼʣͼֿߵʴһЩƬǿճϣʱ١
ȻȴΪʱ
缸ѣϣڡ
ֻûһ;
ʶڣٿ׳ֱӽܥʣɡ
ʮ겻ɶǿѷǸսʱǰСܥչ꣬ķȻ߱Ķ
䣡ܥյʶȫ
ܿܣɽķ
ৣһ˫ɫͫƾ⣬Ϣ
ܥմһйˬϢ
µķն



2126 Ϭ
УһھϬɵɵͷܥգ鼫ѣ䲻ԭ򣬵Ҳһʱؾ졣
1018ͷַһɨھϬˣ⡣
ϬɽвѪرǿȺҲǲľϬǿ߶ܴﵽǿ߱׼ǿȻǷӵ츳Ϭǡ
ϬУ̲ط֮ط֮衣
ԾϬĴ޷򣬸˵طľ˳ӦأʱԹϬǲͣչ֮ǿ
˵ϬǾһ֮׶ַ·򾳽缫ߣͨ͸
һķ֮׶Ź֮գϬǻܱͣϬǿ߳ɾǿʱϬǾͻһķ֮׶
Ѫu޵츳ǿַͷ
ѪuԼ򣬴鼶ʱŻή֮ͣγɷ֮׶
Ϭ屾Ѿз֮׶ֻǿʶϬǿ൱£ӳʼܹ֮з֮׶Ϊġ
ϬǺѪu޽ǵȷơ
ѪuʮԴ磬ϬͬҲУҳ֮⣬̲ʮԴһط
ʮԴط
ַǲȱǬطƪ¼̫̫࣬һطˣЩطɬѶΪѡ
Լħ֮ﵽʮԴ磬Ǭгǧİħ֮ʮԴطȴûһöģ˵ˡ
ͺһͣŸոѧֱҪĽһ
Щ⽣ѵһС
š
ʵĿǰ˵ͨʮԴطҲˡַ΢΢һЦջԼϬǣҲʮԴط
ԸЩǿ߻Уɽѹá
Դǰʮǿߣֻǿ߲ŴﵽʮԴ硣
ؼǣطԼҪֻҪϬǣڶʱٳɣϬǱҲ̲ʮԴ֮

ϬǷֱǹ֮⻷֮ҫ֮⻷֮֮
֮͹֮Ϭǡ
Ѫuһ֮ҲǷȱ
ԼЩʱ
ȥƻַһ˼˾
ؾϬɽȣ
ƺƵľϬ壬ֺպա
ƬǾǾԵߣˍܶɱ⣬ȺΪ塣ǧͷǿߵľϬǿߣκһͷۡ
ԾϬʵȫԹºüƬء
ֻôҲ󣬱Ͼô࣬һһԣ獋أϬռҲûô
ϬλɽϵǿܼǰʮȺܥַɽ˽͸ࡣ
Ͼܥʱ൱һ죬кǱѰ
Ϭ˵ʻ޼Ϊߵķһ;Ϭչ֮
޲Ҳߡ
ʵգۻɣҲΪʲôѪuֻͷɵʵȴܥҪǿ
һʱһʱ
ҵܥȱݡַаգڶʱþϬߵǿߡ
ɽ磬ΨгΪߵǿߣǿߡ
ԭɽȷʵжǿߡַ尵̾Ҷǿ٣ܥ֪ı֮࣡
ǿնһЩϾ󡣡
ǿսɽǿɽ籾Ѿ
գҪΪǿףΪǿ߾ˡ
ɽطСۻ룬Ⱥǿ츳ɾǿࡣ
СģԴǿߣǿ߻ǿߣٵöࡣ
Ҳһ
ÿһԴǿߣԴ޾ǧֹϵֶηḻҪǣգɽЩȺĶࡣ
ַһЦ
ԼҲǡ
˭֪ɽľʢǿߡܥաǱԼˣ

ַ壬ӍϬɽȡ
Ź֮Ԫأһأ԰Ȼұӵй֮ϬǵľϬռݣ޾ǱĬı䣬ľϬɽ覡
ʱﶨӣȴһöгַ۾ḻĹ֮⡣
𣬷ȫפ
ܥաΪϬ죬ҪһϬɽȣԲᷴԣҲû̫˼Ϊܥհ
һȺɡ
Ƚƻȥѡͷַ̤ɽ֮С



2127 ƻ
Ϭʽܼ򵥣ϬǣԳ͵ķ֮׶ȡ֮׶ͺһ㣬ԴԴϡ
ǿظϬǵܸӿ١
ϬɽȱȍظҪϬʵҲǿʢռݵطΧǸҲѡ
һƬʯ޷ľס֮⣬ھϬɽĴɫϬ
ÿһ֧ϬǶܻһƬ󡣡ַ䣬ֱӽһ󶴣׾ٵر㽫Ǿи
ѪuǲͬϬǾֻͨǿߵģҲйãΪ䱾һķ֮׶
ÿһϬĹϬǱᱻھϬɽУܻչ֮ʯɾϬ󡣡
ַеľϬֻǾϬɽȵıɽһǡ
ľǧơ
˵Ϭ屾࣬²ǧͷȺʷȴ൱ƾá޾ɽеĹϬѹǧ
ϬԱָգϬǱᱻ
һͷľϬǿߣܴﵽǿżϬǻҪӲɽʯУ޷顣
Ϭ츳Դĺܺáַ̾
ԾϬɽĿǰϬĺɶѻϰͷϬǿߣֻͨ飬Ҳֲˡ
Ҫ֪ͨϬǿߣ顣
Щɱȡѡ
ڵµĹϬᾧٶȲ죬ԼԪ㣬һԪ²ָ׸ǴСһƬһӰѾϬȫ֮꣬ûˡ
ߣϰͷͨϬԾϬ˵ôҲ
ԶǿߣǸߵǿߣ׵ؽһһɱ¾һȺؼĻǶǿߡ
ԼʵСƻǲ
ͷϬǹʺ͹֮ӽǿߵľϬ塣ַѰܥշѡϬŴģ֮У֮͹֮ľϬ˶ѡס
ǿվϬ
಻꣬ͷϬ̤鼶𣬽ΪϬǡַһЦ
ʱֱȡϬǡ
ʮԴĹ֮ȫ롣
ܥѾܽӽߵǿߣȵվϬӦùͻơַй㡣
Ϭɽеľƶ࣬㹻ͷϬ˽鼶𣬵ֻͨ顣
ͨ׳飬Ҳ͹ṩʮͷ
ǳеȣҪһͷ
е׸ߵԶԶܥеȼޣ̤ߵٺܶ࣬Ĵһ֮㹻
ĺݳޣԾϬȺ˵Ǻ¡
ַ岻ں
ҪڣϬĽιأ
ܥշܴﵽߵǿߣϬȫֵã˵ֻľϬɽССһ㾧
һߵǿߣóľϬ
£Ҫ
ܳɹɽܺˡַ΢΢Цչƻ

ϬɽȺҲϬ⣬ϬƬоǺߣɽҲǿܼǰʮ
ɽЩǿһ㶼ṥЩȺǾϬôʵġ
ԴǿߣǿߣɽĸȺΪɵܱܶԶܶԶ
ƻܳɹͷϬһķʮ꣬һķʮ꣬׷̤鼶Ϊַ幱Ϭǡ
֮ǰַ߸Ϭǡ
ֹȫ֮߸Ϭڸֹ̲֮طȻֻͨطģҲȥͳط
żϬǣַȽѪuɡ
߱ͻͬʱ
~~֮ħַ尵֮Ϣٴαǿ弡ͺˮư仯黯һ㣬Ϣ·˰׽
ڣһѪuֶɡ
ʮԴ֮
ַ֮ͫ¶һĨЦݡ
չãս֮ʮԴ磬һͨŰħ̤֮ʮԴ磬û֮֮ʮԴ«׾١
ѪuǱѵķ֮׶
Ȼûط֮ʮԴʹԷ
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2135 
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2137 ˱
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2138 
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2139 ȡ
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ʮԴıʣܶطͬģУһͷˮںڵǿ߲һַ˵谭ơ
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ԭɽַʶϢ͸ӳȥɽĺԣͺһüԹƬûܡ
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Խǿͨ͸Խоļ֡
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ţٿأַһ⡣
͸ӦԼһֱѰҵϢ



2140 
˵Ϣ
׼ȷ˵ɽͳߡ塯ǿߵϢ
صûַɽѾмʱ䣬ڼɱǿߣǿǵ䣬֪ʵܹ
壬ɽʮȺ֮һϲǿȺ
졮AΪߵ鼫ǿߣֱ֣ΪҢͨߵ飻~ߵż
ߵǿߣ
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ৣ
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ΪɽˣռݾԵ㹻ıǮᣬҾͲû뷨ַٶȼ졣
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ͺǿߣӦжϱԼǿö࣬׼ȷö࣡
ǣһ֪г֮ء
ֺֻ󣬾δߵǿߡպɽǿ߱鼰Ƭ˭Ҳȥעߵǿߡ
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͸ı鼰δAӰȴҢ~΢ϢϢ΢ΪˣҲΪڲأΪĳס
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ߵǿ߼󷨽ƣεǿͨߵǿҲƽ⣬ԼǸӦرҲѸӦô΢Ϣ
û´󷨽ڣ㣬ǲδǿ߼ǶռСַ˫üͷ΢š
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ȻΪ֣ңԶ޷100%ȷظ֪
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һҪϾһ㣡ַ˫֮貣һܵǿطʩչ
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2141 ޽ɳ²
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ط̫С̫
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AԼļıģӦðнҢΪҢḻʵǿ
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ɽȥֻҪ룬ܰȻ
У˳ɿܣҢϣ
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޾â֣˫ٱֱȡҢڡ



2142 ȸ
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ǣеơַڰգ޾𺣣͸ź档



2143 ս
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˵ȸַҲ֮ΣôɣǻͬˣնԼ֡
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ţ»Ϭַ俴еսƾܸӦõ
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2144 Ң
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2145 ֮ϲ
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2147 ֶһ
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2149 ħ
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2152 
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2154 
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2155 ս
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2156 ԩ·խ
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ʲôΣգַɫأȫޱȽشܣʲôûз֡Լֲ֪ˣǻʲô
ռش󱩶
ֻǡ
~~ЦԶϢȻַ֣֮һݣʱ˸Ӧǰ
һֻ۾۵ӣͷޱĿ
壡
ַ壬ǲ˵ġԩ·խ껵ر˫֣ĿϹһĨζЦݡ



2157 ϵɽ
壡
ַϤɻҲϵã
ȴδ˵ʵǿߣһʵ飬֮ǿԼ޷֪
һΣϱȥ
˭ַΣңԶԡ
ҽһ£껵ء껵۾΢΢Ц߸ϵ񣺡ʶңʶ㡣
ü֮䣬֮ˮ͸ַһʮϤĸо
ٿأַ֮һݣʱ
ϿǾ޴ֱַۣ֮껵ء
껵΢΢ЦϣȻȴ¶һɱ⡣
ڱչأ¶Ӳ۾Ϊְػ壬δйʧΨһһΣǰַ͡
Ȼԣ˲ʲôȴ档
ȵģ껵ص
ʲôҪô껵Цصַ壬ˮ͸֮ҫ۹󣬺֮Ȼͬ
ǿߣ
껵һַ֣Ѳµʵ
׻˵ĺãϵɽԼռ֮ĴԣҲֻ˲ֹԼгʵԶԶԤϡ
~~
ֱַʩչħԪطռ䡣
ֱԼ御ó֮ǰ껵ؿռоǿǵУͬʱҲǺɫдѶϢ
սǿһԻѹһѣºɫͬˡ
ޣ껵ƺЩ⣬Ȼž
ָһ㣬ռʱѿһʮֹ㡣
꣡
ʮֹâ˺ַ壬ȴĲӰ
ţ껵üͷ΢أǶûһɱַЩһָһռʮֳַֻ֣ͬһӰ
ܶ㡣껵˫Ѹ㡣
꣡ͣͣ
һռʮֳ֣ÿһζֻ㵽ַĲӰȫ׽
ߣ۷껵ȻЩԪزռ䣬ַͬߣ֪ռĲʶַʱʩչ
Сɡ
껵˫׹֣ʱ֮ɣޱֱַ塣
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껵깥ײһǽֱؿڷƣʶһƬδйĸоõ껵شʧɫһġ
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껵ɫ䣬ӢӼΪ
ٿأܱһգʧǰַϢҲȻ
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껵ɫٱ䣬ֱסɫ壬ռʮһγ֡
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Ȼһ
ռи˲䣬ڽѹٷɳۣʧӰ
ɶ񣡣껵ȭͷ׵ļ¶ŭһγԱԵĻǺгԹַ塣
öǿߣȴһëͷСӶû£
ȥк棡
Ӱɣ
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껵ҧгݣɱŨ
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ߣ

ಣ
ħ͸ռռ䷨ħתλãĲħ֡ռشǿĿռ䷨򣬺λõĹҲֻɱߵǿߡ
ħķȴǿȶż
Ҫƻħѡ
ʶħյشУ൱İȫܱߵĹ٣ֻλúͷȽƿء
û뵽廹һôµǿߴڡַ¡
Լħʩչ磬ѱ껵µĿռ乥ɱħռ䣬֪ռԼʱʩչӰܡ
ܹܣ
һԼ껵أ̾룬ҪܾͲˡ
ʵ뵽ġַһ
ܺ΢¥ԷǵУ΢¥ԴǿƷʲôʵǿҲԴеߣǿߡ
ʵʿʶ硣
˶ϡǿԶһ㣬Ҳһۺʵ壬ƽƾʲô΢¥
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Ҫ壬ƽˣô౦ôܲ˿
ԶһֱڣȻ̲Ŵܡ
ûһƷĳǿᳬȻڣ
ǿߣ껵ءַаǡ
ղŵ൱£ԼčļڶҪǿöֹ࣬ǿطҲ£󣬵ȷרһǿߡ
깥ء
ţʵ͍ļк֮ܶͬ
ˣļزҲôˣԭ



2158 ޵
깥ַ巴ջ
čļǿҲףϾǍ츳ԼҲΪЍǿߵڵ˳
һڶмѭرûһͷһжҪԼ
£껵صĹֱ͸꣬ΪԴʯַ˵ǳ
ͬ
깥ͺֱӣֻǷʽͬطܶطַܽ屾퍋ļصĻһεĸ򣬶ʱéٿ
չأޡ
ħУַҲΣա
ҲҪԶ껵أԲ
´ټõзӦʱֱӳħ뿪ַҲǳһǵһǣûʵ껵ӲӲ򲻹㲻ô
νӱʮδ
ʮе̣˵ǧ󣬾ʵأ
ַսܣδʧ
֮ǰͷһ̿ĥ׼ٻͷԣ
ļء
˷򣬶ʱ˼Ȫӿ֪ɿ졣
ħУʱţ֪ʮѹȥţβ
ֱھʮꡣ
~~ַ¶ϲ֮ɫ
һΪ֧ڿд԰Ϊһ۳һ֧Ϊǿܱ
߳
͸ǿ
ɹַȭо30%ʧ⶯֧̻ɢ漴صʶ֮Уշġ
ߵǿߣ塣
ļصĸַɱ䡣
ս

໺𣡣
ͷԿŭֻͷ­ؾףըҪɱǰСǿߣȻֻһۣԴǺȻ
أأ
ͷԵֻԴϢϢޡ
üһꡣַʩչ΍ļأͬ޴60%ʵᣬȻʩչȻܿܳ˯ȥ
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ûһ޴ֱͷԡ
ֻʣΨһһͷ­ʵߵ鼫޵ʵʮһַ־壬ΪѾȫɱ
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ç£粻ɽ¡
ͷ˻죬ȲʣջǵѪ֮УɽȺʧɫĿࡣ
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ͣûõʹѪַ峤
Ѳļһڽ
ͷ꣬ÿһ궼൱һ룬ʶļֱɱȻ鷳ˣϾͷ൱ߡ
ҪǣóĿռ䷨ΪħޣҲ޷ʩչ
ʶԼһ֮
ʱ䣬һ߽ӽȦһ߼ԡַ㣬ʣʮҲ˷ѣϾºɫо׽֮ң
ռشĿռ̲ؿռ䱾Դıڵȵȡ
ڽֻǰԼǿ״̬

һͷһͷ
ַеĸߵǿԽԽ֮࣬ռشĸߵǿԽԽ٣󽥽ﵽ壬һм䶨
û뵽ײ㡣ַЦǰһƬľ
죬A
𣡡˼棬ۺ졣
Aſһ̲غڰĹڵһ㣬ַϲҢϢǿ׷ռشѰ
һΣٷŹ࣡
ȻɲǣAһ˺ѰʹֲϢϮʹʬǰӰ֣ûA
ڰɣֱա
߳߳߳
ַѸٻӵȡ
磬Aҽоҷ
ǿַսݣʱɫɱĽ׶Σս֮ȥĵ޷Ʒߵ鼫ޡ
A״̬
ȻϵѪϲޱȸԾ⣬ɱߵ鼫ǿѪһ̺һǿ
е۷
ܺáַḧõĵ¶Цݡ
ĺƷѲħй֮£ԼֻǰףǸϢ
նɱAַ˵ʲô
ͷԶɱˣAͷԱȫС׼ס
ռشԼ޵֡
ҲʱýȦֻء˳еַָٿħһ߻ָһ߳ռĵش
ܿ죬ǵ
~~ҫȦ
ִַã¶ս⣬󲽿롣



2159 ֻ
~~͸ȦַоԼͺƽһ޾֮УһƬռұãΧͼαƵģγɸֲ״
ǧ򻯣ȴǸ
ǿĿռ䷨򡣡ַ尵
Լɫܸоõ
ĿռԶԶռشΪһϵ֮£ռشͺһ˹Ͻ򣬻һƬ
мѭ·С
ַ̤ԼҲǺĵ·УУȫƾֱߣΪҲĿռ䷨򵽵ʲô⡣
ãٱá
һͷˮַ̾
ǳžŨĿռ֣ƺĿռ㼯ڤڤкһֻεڲٿš
й򣿡ַҲ֪
ֻ쐻޵ĸӦǵС
һһʱϽݣʱʱԨɫտռﵽĽ׶κշȸӾ޴ַҲżҲûʲôΣա
һ꣬һꡣ
ӦѾ꣬ʧô
ڲſʼ
ַ岻֪
ΪѾȫĪĿռʧˣоڶתתоֲǣÿһοռЩɣȴ͸
ҵĿռ裬̫ˡַЦ
һǿߣռƶԼǿϾҪǿ߽ǿߣԿռ䷨һ
ԼԶԶ
˵ֻظһ㿼飬òָôַЩ򣬲ռƫҪҵ·ƺѱȵ졣
Ŀģ˳ֱߣ˳źɫߡ
ַס
Թƺɲʲôôǹڿռ䷨İ⣬ɫеպͷӦֱ˵
ԽȸԾſռԽ࣬Խǿ
ߣ

һƬãã޼ʵ½ϣһᾸ߷塣
׵ľ֮ɫ·ˮɣ߲ÿһˮ϶̲ż¿ռϷϸ΢·ḧܸо
ʱˮ߷ɽĸǿ߻վסֻ
һɫ𪣬͸ʯɣһȾһ˵̶ɣ񹤣ɽŮʡ
꼯컯ɣ֮Ƕɳ
Ҫ֪һֵ׿Խͬ
֮ģ亱
ÿһ꣬Ŀռ֮ȷǶɳŮʡΪóռ֮Ӧ˵ǿռ䷨Ļ
ŮԲԶģһ˫ͷյĶǿߡݡһΣһΣһ澫ͨط֮һ澫ͨռ䷨֮
ѣûκ㣬ս൱ֲ
ŮʺݶǿߣһŰۣͷɫڡӢòӣһԵа죬֮ǰɱַδ껵ء
һֻǸߵǿߣɽΪóռ֮Ⱥ峤ա
ǿߣһߵǿߡ
ˮ߷ɽϣǿͶˣа˸ԳƷһ㣬ǿͬ
ģˮ߷ɽš
12ǿߣ̡͡Ѫuɻһãǿߣɽ磬ֵܡ
ôΪʲôһֱңͶԴʵϸȥһ㵭ĹĤֹǶͣÿһǿⶼһĤ绤һ㣬ء
ž
˫ۣһԲ
ҲΣЦҡͷʹ˵ͬԴޣΪԴǰʮǿߣʵ죬Ҳô
ֻ֪Դеڶǿߣǡ
һ㣬ر
ϵǿߣ·
ĿɨܣһоϳѹеǿߣʵҲе飬ȵ𣬴·ػôеİеǿߡ
Ψһˣǳǿߡ
ǿߣӣ޷ǿߣɡܸоõ̶ƺ⡣
ֻأʲôͺܺ档
̧ͷԼܼɽϵǿߣϾͺģʵ޷ֻǿӦ֪ɽϻǿߣΪǿܿ
ô
һͷˮЩ
Ҳ֪ԼǶԻǴûлͷʱΨӲͷƤȥٿȻ䣬һǿҲȽɽǿĿۡ
~~
һϤӰʱ֡
ޣַ첽ܡ



2160 ʲô
Ķ
ʱַ꣬ǴԻÿռ߳Ҳ
˺ɫָ飬ǳɹ
һ߳ӦΧӴϢַ͵һµıԷ͵ϮԼΣա
ƺûз
ߵܣ;
ǣϲء
ৣ
һ˫ͫŨŨɱ
֣壿ѪuצһڣͷѪuЩ𶯣һ˫ϬľĿֱַ壺ϣƺϢ
ҶڰַĿɨͺͰ¶Цݡ
Լ߳ˡ
ƣǣҲ̫˰ɣ͵һȭٿַĤâֱһѰȭȥذһģ˿
ţ
ַ΢΢죬ԼϱĹĤ֡
ʲô
ˣӦǱǿ߻ɱġͶַ˵һָÿǿ߶УֻҪԷᱻжǿжǿ
ôءַȵ
ᴥĤ֣Լ谭״
ղŰֻǿЦش֣ȴǱ൱ɫ
ৣ
ַ͵תͷԶűӣ΢΢ɻ󣺡̣
ղԼоậɱŨͷһû뵽Ǵ̣Դдϯǿߡ˵Լֻǳı棬ΪζԼɱʮ㡣
ʲô
ôˣʵ
ûʲô峤ַعͷһЦֻǸоһ˿ɱ
̣ҲַղŵĶ߾۽
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ҡͷҲ֪ûǰѾˣŨ˵ҺʹûκϵĹϸǡ
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ռشĥַ꣬岻ֹʵдҲӲ١
Լĸߵǿ߶ţë˵еǿˣһ̣ɱֶǿԼҲ̫ں
ޣַ̧ͷ
ɽϣа˸ǿߣ3飿
ַ΢
ɽ25ǿߣ
ȵȣ
У
1234ĵϢһȻ΢ַ廹ǸӦ껵صϢɵ
ʵԶԼ֮ϣԼӦĴڣ껵ܸͬӦԼ
鷳ˡ
ԼĳԹǳϦ֮¡
Ȼǲݡ
ߵܿɽ;
ǿַͷ
ҲǺ棬֪ɽšɽ¡ɽǺ⡣
´ַ壬Ŀ棺һ󲻼ߵƺֱǿˡ
ǻ˵ҸǿɱĸߵǿߣǸֱͣӵؿһļԺ
ʲô
ʹʧɫߵܻɱߵǿߣ
ʱЩɡַǫ
һǵ͹㡣͸̾ѣߵ츳ǱлҪߣߵǿ߶֣
ǿߵǫʡ
һ㣬ͺ
ܻɱߵǿߣɱһҿ
峤ãַ
ٶˡʹ
Ҳǡʼ磺һֱţ֪ʲô
ַޣ֮ǰҲ߹Ǹռô
ռ󣿡ͲǰɣԸռ䷨ܿɹ֮ءֻϧҸãǿһ㡣
˿ƣܸռ䷨ô򲻵
Ϊһռַ̫ȻһЦҲסԿռǿ˵һرĵطԿռ߶ԣȴ
ֲáȻͷ̵Сү˿ʮ߳
ʮꣿַҹƱ˽ꡣ
ôţ
߳ܲԶһ΢Цİɫӣ̬еˣƤף͸ʥĹâȴɽеõ
ãҽõħԲ֮ءɫӡõ΢Ц
ַ塣ַ͡˷׷׽ԼԷЦӭˣ̬ᣬȥƽ׽ˣʵҲףΪߵ鼫ǿߡ
ħԲ֮أյľ֮һ
صɽǲȣҲ൱
ߵ鼫ǿߣħԲ֮ǿġ
õ֣Ƿ֪Щʲôַ
õ΢ЦͷλǷɽɽϵǿߣ
ַͰףЩ˼Ҳŵ˵ͷ
ֻصһֻصĿʼõЦ˵



2161 ֻ
Ըꡣ̵
õ£ɫ΢ЦʵҲʲôܣѪеֻֻ֪أ乲顣
ַͷ
ȷѪУһִо൱Ĺżһʵ΢
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ַס
ԭʼԴģƩ壬޾սѪѽǴ壬׾ٱܴʮֻϡ
ֻѾٴˣ̲סʵ
õݸЦΡ
һΣûһǿͨ
УֻرʧõԴˣΪĸˣǿ߶ΪΪΪͳΡ
ƣţһܡ
ǶҲ۷⣬Ȩƶһ޶
˶ĸߵǿڼͬۻʣνȨ졣òһȨŮˣΪȨȨơ
ӹ񣬶ǿΪȨƴһ
Ϊǵˣƿһ򣿡ַס
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֮ǵ߹ΪΪ
Ѿ൱£Ҳ˵սԽǵһǶǵεȿֲǿֻҲη֡
ңϵһУܹΪУԴȵȵȵȡ
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ֻܴأƿǣ൱ӵһޱȾ޴ءַ尵Ƿǳ棬ֻô󣬵ʵȴԶԶ
̲޾ռ䷨ûκ塣
Ϊ޵չռ䣬һ龧ʯ׾ٵؿٳһȻΨܺ͡
ܿռôչǵܺϲı䡣
Ѿܲ
ϵӳڶһУ̮䡣ַĿԣܳΪǵˣֹܽصǣܰϵ
ϵ𣬵Ȼڡ
շδزһϵӡ
ϵţë֮
ҪһϵӴģ׾٣Ψǲģ˾ˣΪ泾Լ֮ǰһֱѰҾϵİ취ûͷ
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£һߡ
ⲢѰ취Ŀǰ˵еķַͷǣҪΪǵˣ¡
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ʵҲôġõ΢Ц˵ֻسΣǰʵûʲôΪʱĸǵԭʼʵ΢
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ַͷ
һչտʼʲô״̬Ѫδƣط֮״̬ܳΪǿѾҪֻͨǲܡ
Ѫ֮ͨһһĴнƺġ

һֻأĸǿֻߵѾԽԽԶӵĵֻأͻƵֻأǿѾͻƵֻأ
ţǿߵ¡
õһЦĸǶЩԭʼر𰮻ǴֻصҪ󣬻Щٵöࡣ
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һֻأһڡõ˫⣬޾ϲãĽԳδһܡ
Ѵĸɵļޣ۷״̬
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õĿ¶˷ܣţһֻܴأ
ַ尵ݡ
Լ֪ģе١
ܥձϾǻޣƫһǣ֪ɽ¡ֻص۷ǿȷʵУ඼ԭʼѶȻߡ
ԣھɽôַЩס
ƺԽǿվԽߡ
ɽԼڵ13ǿߣƺСġ



2162 ۷
ûõЦʲôµ˰ɡ
һܿ졣
ΪٹãһֻصĿҪʽ
֮ǰԪռǸ򵥵ɸѡԣһЩˮ̭ͨͨԪռʱΪΣֱɽɽ¡ɽš
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ȻԼֻأȫκϣ
ৣ
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һֻصҲŹء
ȫֻأô죿
ַҲΡ
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ʱվɽϣռ޲Ǿ㡣
ȣԼȷʵվɽ£Сޱȡ
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ޡͶͲַͬ岻ԼͬʱܸоϢ޵Ϣܺ÷ֱ棬Ϊ꣬Ϣһ𣬼̲ؿռ̲֮ش֮
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سһѷ죬̮޴ˮ߷ҲŴѿǳȥ
أһʶӿַС
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2163 һֻ
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ˡַԼյ㡯
ʼڡSڡ



2164 ж
䣡䣡䣡
׵罻ӣ졣
һǿֹ߲ɽºɽϵǿߣ֮ǰѾڵһֻءյ㡯ϵĻSڼϡ
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»22ǿߣһֻزǿҲֻ˵йоأ̭4Ҳ֮УõԣֻǰֻһЩֻزĿ顣
ֻҪǿռ֮Ŀ飬ˡַҪ󲻸ߡ
ֻؿ飬Լ취
ǿռ䷨򣬿ռ֮Լֻ¿һȴ޼ƿʩ

ǿ߶ѡͬķʽû˵Ҳָһ׼ڶֻؿ飬ַΪҲûģҲ޼ǿߡ
ʱ䣬Բ˷ѡ
һҲãʱһһ֡
һ
Ŀռ̫Ӵ󡣡ַоɫеȸԾתзգĽ׶εĺɫУ͹֮ơ֮ħƵѪͬһΡ
ʱ䣬൱ԣ
ꡣ
ȻֻҲϣÿһǿ߶ѵ״̬ӭսϾɸѡߣǵˡ

٣˲ַ֣ͫʱÿһǿҲս⣬оĲǵ߹µֻأڶֻء




2165 ӲͷƤ
~~
ʥգƶɢ
Ƭӭ磬һſˮϣϷ·ֹâˮ߷ϵһɢʱ֡
ǿĿռַоˮ߷ϣÿһˮֵǼ磬޷ƻ
еˮϵһγһȶ壬һһ㣬ˮ߷磬ʱ䣬ˮ߷·˹
ԼĸоȴǺܺá
̫ֱַ߽Լܼѡ
ڶֻأʼˡ
žžžһſˮƿˮ߷ÿһǿߵǰһӡ·ˮһų˽롣
ַ΢΢һĿɨܣеǿƺͬɻ
˲ʱڶֻˡ
ҽ룿ַһˮڣ漴̤С
~~
Ǭռ䳨
ˮĹƬռ䣬ۼַ̤УĿɨȥˮĿռ䡣
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ġռطͷַЦ
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һ㣬طһģƩԼʩչʮԴط˫١Ӱȵȣʶǹ֮
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군ַ֪Ȼ˵һֻأڶֻԼߡռֻ֮½ߵȿռ䷨Բһء
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Լ⾳磬ЩԶ
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ڶֻأô򵥣
Ȼռۻ룬ʱţҲˡַҡͷһռ䷨򣬾һ˿żٵСɣɣٵԲ
Σ
ˣԼĿռ裬Ҳǿеǿ߶ѡ
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У̫ࡣַ۾״̬
Լ¾ͺһѧͽ䣬ûκλûķʲôûУֻƾһǻѪѧκζ߻ħ
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ַ漴ת
ܥճ֣ˮռ൱֮󣬾ϬɡΪߵǿߣܥյĿռ費Բʹ÷ܥտռǿޡ
ңʵֻǸߵż
ȱԺһ㣬òȥ긴һ꣬ҲǸָȫҪ죬ʯ¶ۼʧܡ
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ַһͷ󣬾ͲûԱˡ
һֻգڶֻؾ͵һķ꣬ȴһ񣬴ʱԭԼ·ǿߣһԼ
ȻϢλãȴӦ
Ҫˣַ岻ġ



2166 
ܲģ
ַҲõԼƺߵˡ
µ֪²һͣǿռʱΪλ򣬱ͱԪطѵö࣬·ߣ
ԪطҪԲѣ˵λ
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ˡ
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ռ䷨Чѡ
ɫǵĽ׶ΣʲȫԳռ䷨ľΣȻﲻʦҲ֣ܲһֱѧͽΡ
ַ֮ƽ
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ռ䷨ɡ
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룬ռ䷨˺ѡ޸ߡַϲѶսһų˼Ŀʼ
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θߣ츳ݽ겣ǿ죬Ƕռ䷨Ҳûַ̫鷳ʮ꣬ռ䷨˺ѡľţﵽż
ڶʮһ꣬Сɡ
ʮ꣬ɣ
ɡַȻʧЦʲôѻ
ȣԤҪ졣
վǰˮַֿ˻Դ漴ȻȻռ䷨򾳽ﵽ׼ֻͨ׼
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ֻһϲͨ뿴õࡣ
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ַҲ˷ʱ䣬
ռ䷨˺ѡﵽɣͻ鼶ûƣһǿļ֤ԼĿռ츳ʵֻʱԣʱ̫ݡ

ߵܣͻһĶ΢΢졣
оַڣͬһ棬ٲȻߵַ֮ǰѾվλãʮȥߵͣԭأ
鷳ˡ
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ֱڣûκΰգΪ֪ʱ֪·жԶ
Ŀռطġжѡ
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ԴǿߵԾɽǿ֮ϡ
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Ůʷġӡǻãʱʯϵƹǻɣֻʣһʡ
~~
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һУԴǿֻһ
Ʒ



2167 չ飬
ڶֻؿ飬һꡣ
ռ츳ͻǿߣΪɣﵽ뿪ҲвŬʵǣȻͻĪڶ͡
Գǿ֮ˣǿһֻؿ顣
ƾųɫĿռ츳ڵڶֻո¶ͷǣڰʮʵδﵽеǿߣռٶٶȼӿ죬ѿʼġ߷ˮĿռط
ǰռƵİȻڰ˷ˮһС
ͬһεģֵܵȶǿߣԪռбֲѵĸߵ鼫ǿߡ
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ʵַ˵Ѿܿ졣
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ˮ߷ȼƷ֮أҲַ֤ռ츳ʣʵ൱ɫ
ԷѶ˵Ѿߡ
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ĿռܣɫȸԾޱȡ
ͺӻֳµܣСۣһֱΪֳҫ۵Ĺâڸǣֱڲʼո¶ͷǡ
114꣬ռ䷨˺ѡ
263꣬ռ䷨˺ѡԲ
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µ˵֦¶
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ԼĿǰսһﵽеǿߵı׼
ߵǿߵı׼Բһأ˵ͶǿȣĶ飬౾óռ֮
չ飬
һ糤һ̡
ַҲԼ֮ռ֮Ϊ󡣵ſռ֮ΪȴҲԼӴ˺ܶǰ򲻵ĶƩ硪

ʹƺʵ𡣡
սԣںȫԸǹЩԵĶǴ޷֪ģͺһä㣬㲻ȥԶ֪һĶ
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̫ңԶַȻҡͷЦЦ
µԼԲһأ̸ʲôƿ;
˵263꣬ڶֻؿδʱ䵽ж೤ַܺ棬Ȼо졯кܴ󲨶ġ
꣬Ҳп졣
ʮ꣬Ҳп졣
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ޣԭǿռطɡַָٿ黮һģŷˮƣһ˼صͷ
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ռԣַ׾ٱй
ԾĿռԪأڹǰˮϵĿռ·ַһһʵعܿУ״̬
ڶֻؿѶȣѭ򽥽
ˮ;ŸˮѶȣֹ
ַеεĿռ裬ġˮĿռطû⣬ֻҪʱ䡣
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ͺɴ㲻Ҫ죬붮Ĺ졢ɡÿ;ؿʹ
ָ䣬ʮš
ˡַӶоѹݸЦָ㣬ǰʯֱӹʯ壬ϷʱһƣͷˮϵһģһԾſռԪ
ৣৣ~~
ַڵʵʱ΢΢һ٣˲ʱ
žռƹâʱš
ʧܡ
еѰַһЦ
֮ԼǸˮԤв࣬˽ʮ˽֮һĽȣѾ
ʮʮ꣬͸ɡַЦǰˮ
ֻǲ֪Լûʱ䡣



2168 Ҫ̭
һ飬ַˮ
׼ٿüͷ΢΢һšַϸһƣ໥ϵľԽԽ΢΢١
Ȼ䣬ֺرĸоǡ
ʮԴ
֮֮ʮԴһһԴطΪԴ㹹ɡ
ռ䷨ȻҲǡ
طѣʵҲҪط
ַ壬ռ䷨ࡣ
֮ǰһѾܿռطһܹؼȻʲô̸ϡ
ڶֻصҪǸռطǱʵʵ
Ҫġ
ȻߺȻġȻ
ġֹһ
ʵϣġռطȫռطҪҪ࣬ġ൱ڿףҪһãԿռط˵׾УҪʩչ
Ҫʩչռطʮʱ䶼ԶԶ
ˣԼΪһҪ
ʮԴʽĹطġռطСַ֮ǰˮʱǰǷֽ⿪ÿһƷֽԴ㣬Զйɡ
ߵǿΪǵʮԴ粢Լɣ֮衣
ַ岻ͬ
ÿһʮԴʮԴ
˵ʮԴľ磬ֻصǿߣSڣ綼Ȳַ塣
㹻ľ飬ַʮ㡣
ܹ⡢֮ʮԴطΪβܹռ֮ط
ǣⰵ֮ʮԴط乹ɣϸҲܸаռ֮طֻġ򲻵κ̺ͰҲʧܡ
ʲôν
ʧһٴһǧһζûϵֻҪռ㹻
ৣৣৣ
ַܿж
һһ˳ŷˮΪ㣬ֻҪܿʮԴ㣬乹ϣܳŹͼ䡣
ʧܣʧܣʧܡ
һַ꣬һˮûġɣûʧܲŻн
Ȼڶ꼳ȡ۳ɹʻٶȶֱ࣬꣬ǳɹġһˮϵĿơ
ַʯϽʧĿƣһЦ
һ̱
Լܹһˮ·ܹڶĸ۶ٷˮʵһʵĹкԴɡ
ЩԼҪȥǡ
ԼҪģǽÿһˮΣνԼҲҲ򲻵
תʮꡣ
ַ年ٶԽԽ졣
һ깴һˮڣѾҪһ꣬ġһˮĿռ·
283ꡣ
ৣৣৣৣ
ַָӣʯһ·ĿռԪأͺһ裬һһ㳤ɣȱ
ÿһԴ㶼Żÿһϸƶ͸
ϳһ̲޾ڣַȻĶϢ
ž
һַĿתضʯ塣
ʱԣĿռͣϷ·ͷˮϵһģһ̲ضǿĿռ
Լֻܿһ㣬Ⲣ谭Լعơ
~~ʯϵĿռط·˹ַųЦݣΪԼζʲô
㣬ûһˡַͷ
ռطͷųһʱַռתǰ޶תһ֮С
ޣַ
ԼڵλãٲȻ֮ǰҪһ㣬ռЩǰķˮ֣ȴˮ߿š
ռƵͼҲո±仯
˺öࡣַ嶢ǰ߸ˮȻֻһţѶȴֹռҲࡣ
ʲôϵ
Լ˵ΨһͬǣġķˮһţϷƶôһ㡣
ģһģһ
ġٶȣӦûܶࡣַš
£ǴӲ
ûκ谭һνķ6ַ꣬߿ŷˮĹسֳռطֻһ㣬Ŀռطһϲͨ
Ȼͨͨûϵ
˿ŷˮ
ޣַǸӦԼܣвǿԼ¾ڶֻޱȽӽԼϷԻǿߡ
֮յ㡣
ǺһҪ̭ˡַи̾
ʨͷǿߣβǿսռ츳ǷȱԲ㣬ֻ֮·ߵյ㡣
ҵǣ峤Ͱһ㡣
Ȼҹ˹أϣǿߵøԶһЩַݸһЦ



2169 ǳˮ
ַ壬ûз
¾յ㻹кܳһ·ֻҪûŬף£ˮԽԽٶҲԽԽ졣
Ҫһܹ꣬һķˮ·
꣡
һΣ꣬˰˸ˮġܷˮƸӣٶȷӿôһ㣡
295ĩַ̤ˮ߷ϲ㡣
Ÿˮ
յǰһվַ岻ҪӦϷѾ֪ΪԼͬһεǿв٣Ʃõֵܵȣ
峤ַ΢
峤ͣʱڶֻؽüޡ
һַܿ͡ƽ񣬽״̬
һδϣ
Ÿˮַȫ侲ԽǼԽѹ޴󣬶ַԽܷǱ˲ǽ״̬ǸӵƣַԺֻʮԴѡ
״̬ѣ

ߵܣǿ˼ڤĶͣٿһ¶֮ɫΪϲߵܾҲˣ
š
ǿ߲˽ַ塣
֪ߵַ屾δ鼶ֻѪǿսֲѣ֪Ŀռ貢ߣȻ֮ǰҲˮһôá
벻ߵַ徹ˣѺͷ
ϧ̫ˡϧ
ߵܵ츳ʣٸ㹻ʱ䣬иһס
ǳˮ
һ۾
ž
˫ȭһգ־ᶨߵܶûܰ;ϣʱ䣬һռط
ֻأ

ԭˡϥĴٿۣվ
һɫչ˫۷Ǭɲ󣬾Ŀռͷſޱ飬ָѸٹʯϿ̻һͼ
ʱ䣬ͼ˹
ŨĿռǣоһš
ַ̭塣
һɱ㣬Ϊõ屨𡣡
˫֡
ʱڰ֮УߵǿߵϢʱš

299꣡
ЩˣԽԽܱǱַǣǣڵڶֻؼǰպɾŷˮռطĹͨ顣
Գʵһһ졣
Ψһһײֻ̤صǿߣһײõڰ˷ˮ
ԣǱԴǿ߱ɽǿй֮޲

300꣡
յ㣬Ѵֿɼ
һֱַ壬һ̱ڰ˿ŷˮƹɹھſŷˮ
ɹ
ͷ̶һ䣬ŷˮһǳɵعɹûκ谭ͺһ֧֮͸һС
ݣ
ַʯ覵Ŀռط˵ͷ
Լɹˡ
ʵϣԼԼ
ķ265ʱ䣬ռ裬Ϊȫûϣ˭뵽35зˮͨڶֻء
漣
лᡣַ
ǰԼôҲ벻ڶֻصĽݸЦַ鼫ѣͨڶֻأͬʱջ˲ƵĿռ衣
ռ䷨265꣬ǰ׷ѵġ
û265ĻۣԼܹˮϵĿռƣΪʱԼĲζﲻˣռ䷨ʮԴ㡣
ֻдﵽԲռ赽Ǹ㣬˳ˮۡ
һУˮɡ
~~ԣĿռַˬĶǳɹϲãǽ׵˷ܣǼδ֪ȸԾ
ڣˡַվˮ߷Ķˡ
Ӹ£羰һƬãľˬȫȫ
ǰһȦ𣬺֮ǰļΪƣֻһֻͨأַ΢΢һЦֱ̤С
~~

ֻأʮ۱
һ׺ɫۣҹ鴩һƬĺڰ֮Уڰ˵ͺԼһֻеޱȵʡ
ǬΪԴռ䡢ʱãԪϣʵǣ֮Ϊʮ
ó֮һڰ֮һУ߽Ѫuɣֻǲ֪зϽס
ǰֻУ̱ʵ
ֻǿʵ̫࣬˳ֻͨؿ飬λĩˣַ塢͡ˣֻ̽вʱգұͨ󣬹ʶܿҵ
ÿһһڣһһء
ֻعȻʵǿߣͬʱҲʵǿһ˿ᣬֻܷץסһֻӥգںڰ֮С
ʵĵֻرر̭ɡ
ΨһĻᡣ



2170 
һƬɫ֦Ҷò
ַ̤һƬȫµĵ򣬾ȻŨռ֮ǰˮ߷ȫͬԼĸоأԼΣա
ʮ۱󡣡ͷٿַһ΢
Ŀɨ£пƺۼԴԪռ䷨ϣ󷨰ɣһ硣
ʮڣʮֻͨؿĿܡַ֮һݡ
Ҳ̫
ַҡͷ
Լ࣬һֻؿռ츳ѵǿߣֻѾʮ۱Ѱڡ
ܹʮڣ߳һ͹رһ
ʮǿȫ뿪ʮ۱رգֻؿ
ֿ飬һȵȵãȵռƣõļʴͬʱҵڵļҲ
ʮڣ϶һҪ׵öࡣ
νʮ۱󣬲ʮڣǡ
۱
У£൱ı
ǰֻʵѾɸѡܶ࣬ʵ츳ǿ߲ȣۺ߿϶
ǶЩ츳ߵǿߣأЩӹšƽƽˣ𡣡
ַһЦ
ľ̹Ȼա
ȻԼҲ봳ֻأ峤һʵϣǺܴ
սԼͶ޴
ۿռ츳Լǵһڶֻشɹˣ֮أԼȫܹ⵽ֻУһйڿռ֮ġ
Ϊǡ
һռǿǣɸѡƿߣȻԿռ֮иҪ
ʵҵĿռ츳ֻʱַ̡̫ĵսҲǣԼ㹻ʱ䣬Լȫһ
£νûκ
һһɡ
ν޾֮·ʮ۱Ȼ֤ʮδȫϣȵڶֻصʱȣԼĸоʱ൱ĳԣˡ
ֻҲûκѶϢͨĹƼ򵥣ʵ򡭡
Ҳ򵥡
ַֻػ֪ʱʧӦ뿪ˮ߷ʱջصģ֮ûػıӡ
ɱ
Ҳһǻ¡ַһЦ
Щǿߣ¹Ѿ뿪ĵֻءƩ껵أĿռ츳Ŷǰġ
ӦͻǴϻۣʮ֮˾뿪
Щǿ˵ʮ۱ıҲһۣҲþһ죬죬ֻصдա
ȱһһֻؿ飬ƻ
Լ
Ѿ£͸ɴߡ
Ҫô죬Ҫôס
ұȥַ̬ã֪ܲײϰֺ峤
ڵڶֻؽǰԼѾӦֺ峤ϢȻǱԼһʮ۱
Լڣͨڶֻصܹʮ߸ǿߡ
ʣڵڶֻˡ
ҲŽĵģӦʮ۱һַֻǿʼȻ׶Ρ
ǰֻزСţ̭
һֻأͺˡ
ʮ߸ֱӾҪ̭߸࣬ϾҪɱĻ˭Ҳ֪ܷʣʮ
ֻʱ޵ˣδҵ뿪Ҳᱻ̭
˭Ҳ
õ˵ǰֻػ򵥣ֻزɸѡַ΢΢ףǸоѹ
ĵֻأҪѵö࣡
Լ̫磬취ҵڷ¡ַĿȥƬչ֮سд⣬Ҳر磬Դ
ɽȫģ
ɽУǺϡеģϾʯ̫̫ܼͨľʯײ棬ûʯ΢ޱˬ
֮ԪءַоԾķ֮ԪأԴ衣
Լ֮ͨͨﶼ򣬱ϾԼβףԻӦ
ʮ۱ġǷ磿ַ΢΢˼
Լó֮ͬóͿռ֮еܷӳߵʵ
ô࣬ҡ
ַҲģϾóǿҲࡣ
ߣԼʵ򲻹ܴ´࣬˫һʩչ׷Լǿж٣
ԼΨһɵľ껵أ֮Լϴγ˸ưͿ´ϣȻ᷸ͬĴ
Ҫѣѡ

ʱ䣬ڲĶ֣˭˭֪أַսԡ



2171 ʮ۱
ʮ۱ˡ
ѰǬӴ֪ʶ⣬ַܿҵʮ۱ϣϾ֡ϹŴҲС
ȻڡǬƪϸء
ʮ۱СС󡢼Ľס
Сףǿ߿룻нףǿ߿룻ףǿ߿룻ףδֻߴ˷ɽ롣
ַ尵ֹ
Ȼʮ۱ǡСסнʮ۱Ⱥǿ߽ûһܻųǿʮ۱ǿ߶޷룬ֲ̫
˵㼫ֻҲСһ
ǬΪռ䡢ʱΪģԪϣʵǣ֮Ϊʮ
֮Ϊռ䡢ʱ䡢⡢ءסʮΪռʱһΪģǬΪѪԪΪ⣬ΪƤ
ʮ֮Уκһһڣһһء
ػأܷ뿪ʱ䡢ռػǿԪش֮ǬػУѰǬһȥ
һһ磬ػڣо뱦أνǾһ֮֮󣬸ͬԵ߷֮
ӦıǱأһһȻ̰ģػʵԼΪػɡھޣʵǿһȻǿҲᳬػһɡ
ʮ۱󣬾۱ʱԽͱЧԽѣϣмϧ֮
ַһ
۱ʱԽЧԽѣ
ֻزųһεֻأʱ㲻㳤
룬Сʮ۱˵Ӧ㳤˰ɡַ΢΢ͷԡס˵ʱԲʲôСסˡ
ֻһҪת۵
ʵǿߣʮ۱նɱޣȡǿ߸ǿʡ´ʱĵֻء
ʵߣʮ۱еľ󣬻ȡңնɱеޣսķѵΨʱ䡣
ַ˲ʱ˼
ν޾֮·ֻʮöУǴ͸ԵߣȻֱԶΪʵֽ㣬˷
ᣬС
ܷգͿԼ
ԣӦȥ⡢һΪַ⣬·֮һԼûΪ֮Ԫصİ磬ս
ó֮һǿߣֻе飬¶ʤóĸߵ顣
ߵ飬ʤ顣
ʮ۱󣬵൱ԡ
ǰԪһ磬Ӧòѡ
УԪصһڵģҪѰռʱһЩѣԪࡣ
⡢ءףٽķҵ򰵵ļɡ
Ԫһػʵжǿ
ַаݡ
Լ²Ǹߵ鼫ޣֻǲ²⣬Ͼߵ鼫޵Ļôͨؿģֻж飿
Ҳ˵׼
ңеûڡַҲ׼Ͼûֽҵһڣػʵűˡ
磬ַ漴ʼɨ֮һ硣
ѰΣͨΪĿꡣ
ԵݣｲʵڼȿԵֿʵַ̤һòϷعʵ̺֮ޱȾ
ժȡһţֱӷУ㣬ʮζ
ϧҵѱͣûֱַժȡعʵԼʳų壬ͬعʵڶηʳЧ½Ψп֮
عʵȻͬ
ȫԼûʳġ
ռһЩһ׶Σعʵ൱Ӵ󡣡ַӰ˸һժȡʵٶ൱֮졣
Լԣûҵضǲر֮ء
ЩͣҪЩعʵԼҪ
ΪԼһΣǿ߿Խǿߡ
ΣԾ׶Ρ
̲ʲôνؼعʵ
ϧҲ󷨣Ȼˮ峤һַЦЦ峤ʵ䲻ǿܸߣ°빦
Լ峤׷漣Ѱڡ󡢱ȶó
ҾֻܿϹèײˡַҲȵֻҪơö࣬Լشعʵջ
ܷ񴳹Ϳ컯ˡ
Լ䲻ͨ󷨣ЩҪõöࡣ
ԼӦǿҵΪͻ
кöַ쐻Ķƺ΢΢죬Ķ۶ȥ
ʲôڵң



2172 Ϲè
˳ŵǰУַܿһƬɳ֮ء
֮ǰıɭֲͬ鲼һƬã޼ʵɳĮǰٿɱһͷԱޣɫƣһɫᣬٶȼ졣
߳
ַķӦͿ죬£е۷֣һͷɣֱӽƷɱ޻ɱսס
ʵ൱е顣ַٶȲǰ
һͷеޣ
ಣಣಣ
ƬɳĮ֮أ൱٣ֻģޣСɶ÷֮УΪһǶȹóϻ֮
ƿȻ൱е鼫޵ʵδַܶκɱˡ
ԣֱӻɱַûаͣ
Ϊ֮ˣַüͷ΢΢ֲԤС
㼯ʵ޷֪ػʵΪǿҲػʵһɡ
ޣٷ֮һʵܣǧ֮һʵҲܣ֮һʵͬܡ
ҪƲػʵҪôֱײϣҪôػޣΪػ޵ʵΪػɣʶƶϡ
ৣ
ַ磬ܿƬɳ֮أã
޸ˡַΪ֮ǰƬïܵɭдһȷһͷͷ֮޻ӻɳдܳʤ
ÿһ̣ս֮С
޶еΣһСǸߵ飬Ӧ
ַսܱҲﵽͨߵΡ
޾ɳĮʱֳһƬƬ񣬻ԻͶûʣһݻĹӨľϸɷ裬ۻй
¥ַ֮󣬼ǰ
һ¥ԽԽ࣬ǰң˷ͺþ̨أַ־ᶨԲ
󷨡ַס
ͺƶ澵ӣԭһ
ͬ˵һ£Ǿʵڣûʵᷴôù
лǺġַһЦ
Լ䲻󷨣ҲãΪֻҲ裬ʮ۱һԵ֮󣬶
ֻǲ֪ǡ󡯻ǡء
ַۣмǰС
Ҫ巽ЩѣȻԼϹèӣǾ͸ɸɴס

֮һϿȡ
мһȣޱĿͺһм䣬Ͽһķ֮ˬ⣬һȴ޾ڰ޵
ͷޣ˵治ðͷͲ׷ˡͷңɫףЩǱЦѡ
գŶϿһ࣬ΧŨ֮Ԫء
ɽ׷ݡ
Ǵʲôùͷˣôǵ
̾һ
ǵùˣõ𣬾ͱѪu׷ɱһ׷ɱνӰ롣ǿö࣬ɵʵǿöࡣ
鼫ǿߣ
ֱڣɻ׷ᡣ
ӵһˡǿеɣڰ֮һֱֲƷֱ˺ķӳ
ù
һ۶ȣ뿪
޾Ѫuɣɸ׷аشɱȻð˸ͷȥˡ
֮һ
Ӧûʲôǿߺֻ֪й@ó֮һǿ߲ͨ¶һֻһȵȵá
Ҫӿٶˡ
ƽƣ
ŷ֮Ԫص۷壬˵ߵ飬㶥Ҳκá

޾ɳĮش
ӽˡַоЩ٣еĺ¥ֻ֮һԽԽʵԽԽʧ
˵ӦǽӽڣŻļ
֮һֱܶ࣬ʱʤ·Լӽߵ˵Щ鷳ַԣӲʲô⡣
䣡䣡䣡
ʵ٣ַóıȺս
ǿֻǳķ֮ޣ֮һڣܿǽӽĿ꣬Χɳ𣬴ϣַַ֮ٶȽŻǰΡ
ž~~
Χ¥ȫɢʣΨһһ
ʵ֮ʵ֮
ҪѰĿĵˡַվڻԻ͹֮ǰǷ֮ھʯǰԡ
һƺСʣһ֪жµĻԻ͹
ų֮Ԫػ㼯ۣС
أ󣿡ַһ
֪



2173 ػ
ַԲûʲôԥ
֮ԪŨⰵ֮깥ᣬՍļأԼӵиߵȼ޵Ӳʵкοɾ壡
~~~
ַһ룬Χʱӿ
һͷޣ̤ɫƣ룬һбӹ˷Ϯַ廯صӰʱܹ
ܹúͻȻַ屾ս׼ǲŲæ
ػޡַ˲ˡ
￴ǡءڣΪûػ޵ģԵϣΨбزػͷޣ
Ǿǵkʵ
ߵ鼫ޡػһַжϣ֮һݡ
Ϊػ޵ʵеѹǳڴػ
ػ޵ʵΪػɣkѾ鼫ޣػʵԿ϶Ƕɡ
Ҫأ൱ѡ
çأܿػ޹ͬʱַ˲ʱĿ򹬵һ㵭ĹĤͺεıݣһС
ڹĤһ䡣
Լû´Ǳ֮
ҪõȾҪػޣͷߵ鼫ޣó֮һػޣ
kκһߵ鼫ǿ߶
ޱȽӽ飬ﵽżΪռݾԵ
֮񶯣ַĹס²çǿ⾳ͻַ屾ǷȱǷӡ
֮һַû
߳߳
ػ޵ķַ˵ˡ
϶ػó֮һٶ֮죬Զܡ
ৣ
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2188 ĺǿ
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2189 Զ
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2197 ʱ
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2198 ʱת
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Ÿǿ߻ۣƺڵȴʲô
ŵΧһԲȦʱʣһλá
~~ռҲʱһ貹â˸ǿ޲һΨSȻ治ɫͫ²ؼ
ৣ
һСϢ٣һСǿУһ
껵غƷ¶ɫһָͫĦɱţƷ¶֮Цǲϣ΢Ц˵ͷ
ַ֮һЦ
Ŀ˳ɨȥһǿһţ껵ʱĿԣַľɱ⣬ݡ
û뵽ڡַԵĵֻǺ档
ͣڻSϡ
Ǹ߰ԵˣСԶԶȥܸоķǱѰ߳ǿһ
Ƕ϶Ψһ۷顪Sַ岻˼ۡ
ٿء
ž
ƺַעӣһֱͫĻS͵ۣ˯ʨѣĿϬ̹ǣֱ꣬˸¹â
¹âӵǿ޲һܵؾ¡
@Ҳɫ΢΢岻Ȼؽ
ΨַȻʣSĿԣǳţ»SǿҲǲսʤַֻػԼϣ
ֻǰ뵽ԼսѴﶥ飿
нǿߣ˻SԼǶ֣鼫ǿŮʺݱԼǿһȣǿԼһս
ĵֻأǿʲôַӺ档
Ϊֱֻӽĵֻأǿ߻һãƺڵȴԼ
ֻؿôƽǿ߾ôġ
ַ߽ٿΧɫâʮγһȦһߣˮ߷ʱ˹ӳ
ռˮ߷ۣ֮γһƵƽ̨еƱ̨ӣڹΧγɵһռ䡣
ৣৣৣ
һڿռ£ƾ޴ʱÿǿԺͻأسһѶϢûκ֣ȴֱԺޱ
۷֮սʤΪַĿ⾼
ȵǿѡȨʤߵõҽֻء
ˣһĿȻ
֮⣬ս߿ѡǷս֮ΪȨֱ̭ʤ߽޷ý
һսݣһΪ
ַꡣ
ܲпᣬһء
ԼıսߣȫԲӦսᱻ̭ɥʧһӦսĵֻؿռ䣬ֻжѡһ
ҪôҪô
Ƚǿ߹ȻơַĿɨȥSŮʡ껵ǰλģɼǰֻۻơ
ӵѡȨڲ֮أԼս̫ĩӡ
ڵλĩȴɫɷ࣬Ϊѿʮǿ߳Լ⣬ȫǶϣĩҪӮϾֻսԼһ;
ңһ˫ֱͫԼĩӣɱܡ
ַ嵭ȻһЦ
ڵλԼûܽսϾԼʵǰĸǿߣȻ֮һѡԼ
ȻѡʵĶ֣ܻܿöԷֱȨ
Ȼܽ޷ý
һһģͿξ
~~ʱSڵԲռ䣬Ǽޱȡ
ǵһѡ



2202 һ
һǿ߽
Ůʺݶ⣬Ƕ鼫ǿߣSУһһԾûκʤ㡣
۷Ͷ飬Ρ
ĩӴʱģǡǡΪʵŵĲ´ЬġSѡĩһֱȨôSҲò
ԻSʵһǿ߶ս䣿
ûҪѡһСģӮҲʤ֮䡣
ʱŵŮʺ껵أһ鼫ޣһǿ󶥼飬ֱӵеڶ͵λѡȨֻҪSѡУǼоųļܽ
һֻУʵҪѡȨͬҪ
һߵȶ飬鼫ǿս̭ʺܴ󡣵ӵѡȨȫѡżͨսĩĸߵǿߣȲʤȯ
ৣ~
һâ٣Sѡ
ǿĿۼС٪ҧÿֱ죬ǵѪգһ˫Ŀ͸ŨŨŭ˫צٿؿһ
žž
SӰʱӹʧһռı̨ϣΧǿ޲Ȼȴû뵽ȻܻSս
ôѡ񡣡ַһռ̨SߴΣȫǹ
棬һΡ
Ƿ棬SͬռݾϷ硣
ԻS˵ѡֿʵʵΪѡһӮɽĵֻأ鼫޵Ůʺݡ
ʶѡĻ׼Ը
ҪѡһеӽսĶ֡
ʵͨȴѱħ֮Ͱɱ֮ޱȷħһСSһս¡
ֻζԤ֮С
ϣһУǲҰܡ
Sһ˫Ǭռ̮һʼѽ˺Ƭ顣ΧǿɫΪѿľоǿ־塣
ǣҲһģһ
S۷ʵԶǿ֮ϣһ㣬λڽˡ
̣һǰĹ֮£ֱ׹SȻǹֱ룬ȫÿһϸ֮Уÿһ缡ȸԾޱȡ
ǿSҲ¶΢΢Цݣܡ
ǽôַǿһǺؿš
Զкüռľ룬ȫӦǹϢ಻֪Ǻιɣƾ۹۲쿴͸аء
ӦòǵĿռ䱾Դַ尵⡣
ԻSʵֻǵĿռ䱾Դ԰Ѳ󣬰棬Ϊʶ껹Ѿﵽһߵֵ
ءַӺ档
ʱȫĻSӰ黯ʧһռ֮С
֮ģǵڶâ
Ůʡ
͸ʯɣһȾһ˵ӹ񹤡ÿһ꣬Ŀռ֮ȷǶɳŮʡΪóռ֮
ǿռ䷨Ļ
ۿռ֮裬ڻS֮£й֮
пռʢʱȻ
ʶֻǿ֮УŮʵ󡣼䱾Ϊ鼫ǿߣ˵S֮£ǵڶѽΡ
ʵͬΪ鼫޵ݣʤһ
һǿɫȻ١
ûлSѡʱֿ־壬ȻܽϾ˭ŮУʤļʶ΢ַԼڡ
ڳǿߣS뿪ַ֮ûӮµģֻʣŮʺˡ
ѡһǿ󶥼飬ͻSһ׬ȡֱѡһĩӣɹأַܺŮʵѡ
һ
ͿҪʲôˡ
~~Ƭ̺һâַĩӣϽ֮ɫٲȻһ¶ϲ֮ɫ
ΪŮѡеˣǡǡѡȨĵλ
ǿ󶥼飬¹
ɶ񣡡¹ǱƢŮѡһа껵ؿ϶ѡֻҪŮʲѡȨɹء
£òʵʤһŮʣ
ৣৣ
Ůʺ¹漴ӹԲʧһռ䡣
ǿʵ࣬һ㣬¹ó֮սŮʸǿȫпϮɱ֮
ԣŮַŮʵġ
ѡǿߣδػӭսϾǲݵıȶ
ŮԲһصùҹֻϦǰֻڵڶλʵӽ۷飬ȻҪһ
Ǿò£ŵһҰġ
ӣᶨִţ确ꡯһ



2203 ڶ۷
Ůʺ¹չҺս
ǿ޲һûһǡŮԲ˵ڳûһ֣¹ʵǿ󶥼УҲǿ֮һ
Sʱʵһġ
ĵģĪ껵أӵеλѡȨʱʤȯգǽ˽Լһ֮䡣
Լһ㣬ѡʵĶ֣ŮһҲֱѡʵĩӻַ壬ɱȶԷȨ
~~
һƵĿͶַһ
һ̨ƫƣĿԴ껵أַ岻һЦµʱ϶ѡԼһǿԼʵ򡭡
Լ˽
֮Լ˵ϣԼӦսȨ
껵ĿͶַ壬ǱĩӼǽȣ׹սѡȨճ껵ֵ֮ѡˡ
ĩ֪ڳһǿߣΨһаµģֻʵַˡ
껵ѡߣһᶼûˣѡȨʲôã
ѡȨһӲĲϡ
ΪӵѡȨǿǲȨġ
ৣĩ亹ϸһʱޱȰգȡסѡȨֱӱսȨס
ʵҽĵֻ
ˮ£һҧĩӶݺݵض껵أѡ
껵Ҳһ㶣ȴ֪ĩӡ
龰õַ岻һЦ
ҧһë
ģѡĩӰɣܰȻ˳ַĿ¾һռ̨껵ôִѡԼǵùֻˡ
УԼֻʵ΢һųղѡ
ȴ֪Լѽȡ
ǿ󶥼飿
ԼҲӵͬս
ó֮һ棬

껵غĩӣݡ@ˡƷҲڸ㣬ѡԼĵֻؼûŵѡֻһѡԼ
ַ壬ΨһûѡȨ񣬾ۿŮ¹ľ
ͬΪսǿߣһͣһⲫַ͡ϸֵĶԾһ͵뼼Ľ
ŮóԿռ֮Ϊ
ռ䣬Կռ䷨ƿȫ֣Сʶܳ濴¹ռţʵ¹Ȼơ
ֻʤֱδ֪֮
ҪƳŮƿأĽûõģҪ
һαĽ࣬ĿƣлʤַԼ뵽սУŮʵƿ൱֮ǿ
ԼΨһӵкƿصıҲࡣ
ֻܿ깥ļأ˻زҲַüͷšŮΪ⣬֮ȷǶɳʶǿܸš
Լˡزл˵꣬Ƴƿء
ƾ˻ز
ҪӮҲֻпսһ;ַ尵ԼĽս¹Ҳò˶٣Ůѡ¹ԼȻ鷳ˡ
սǵʵԱȣ˭˭Ӯ˳֪
£ӣϮıȱȽǡ

ϽɫëȻһ磬¹ԡѪΣ¾ŮʱƳǿǱ࣬һ˫ƺŮʣɫһαء
סַૡ
ݣ껵صǿҲꡣ
û뵽Ůش¹ʱ̽ףﵽ鼫ޡʵ͵һԽƽŮķɣֱˡ
ʵһ¾ͳŮʣΪ
˸ֲַһЦȴġ
ŮʵʵֻҪģһһĥ¹ƾ֮ǰռݵľ޴ƣʤʮþȡ
Ȼ¹һ͹֮ƽ֮ǰصƣΪ̡
գŮ¡
~~صһν٣Ůϣ˲㽫޸ǹ͸õŮʴϲ
ķӦȻSҪϲࡣ
ɼɶصİжԡŮȫʥâԭǽµϢ𽥱ǿֱ۷塣
ɲǼ䡪
~~Ů֮ģʥ࣬Ƭض𶯣ϲȸԾ
껵ءݵһǿ߽ɵۡ
ͻˣַҲһ㶣ȻʧЦ
һսһصԴȪö鼫޵ŮʿƿµĲΡԴˣSȼ硣
ǣ˵ڶ۷顪
Ůʡ



2204 Σû
ˮ߷֮۵֣սĻյ١
ʮֻͨصǿߣֻʣ
껵ءĩӡݡ@ˡƷԼַ塣еĵģüͷģҲеȻ΢ЦģԱ飬ǲͬ
ȻԵõģ껵غݡ
ǰӵеѡȨӵڳǿʵʣеǻ֡@ˣ΢΢Ц@֮һЦ
ޣַ忴˲ʱס
Ȼ@˺ݹϵǳ֮ƺб㺡ҲûʲôֻʼǸ֮սϵӵһССƣҲ߲Զ
ֻأֻء
޾ԪԴǿֻ߰أд඼Ƕ飬۷顣
~~
â貣껵ϣһ۵¶ЦݣȻԵãͺɳĽһӵȨ
ѡȨ
ԣĩŭĿͣ껵ƣȻȴҲһۣĿһֱַ塣
껵أر
ַ֮ڳһ֮ȣ֮ǰַܵ껵ѾǳˬôõĻᣬܴ
֣ͽս껵۾ַſڣҪͱ֪˵ʲôüëơ
껵˵ַսȻõܱ𣬸׬
Ҳ֪ʲߣһɣϾַʵϰŵģ޴ַҪսǾ̫޴ˣ֮ǰһ
ַ岻ܣ껵Ҳûʧֱӽֻأκηա
ѾأصԴɱַ壬Ҳʲô¡
ৣ~ַڵİɫԲΧһƬȻƷ⣬ֻ껵һۣЦЦ
ǿУַʵ˽ĪƷ
֮һ磬ַı̾ΪֹΨһַ֪ĵֻԭˡ
ʵãʱһޡ
գʱһػ
껵սַ壬һǵѡѡһӣʵȴһӲӣַʵƷȫ͸
ҿʵʲô̶ˣƷǳ֪˳ʱһػַ壬ʵжǿ
ɶ񣬿ɶ񣡣ĩŤѿָƤ֮У졣׵ƣư磬ʵȴ֮в޼¡
ַ屻ߣκδܡ
һսѡȨϣûȨȨ
ݡ@˻ƷʵǿһսݣΨһ档
ĩգˡ
޵ࡣһ֮ɫԱ껵ѡַ֮ԱǡɽǿԼ͸߰顣
Ǳ߹@Ҳһ껵صһС󣬲Ŀ
սӮҲɳܡ
ǡַһЦ
껵صѡԼԲâԺֳһָõԼ񡣽ˣһ֮䡣
𰸣Ѿ
ǣӦöΪһȨɡַһЦ漴һǿĿռ٣һתʱռŲơ
~
±ĿռܣɫȸԾޱȡ
ΧһƬͺһ޴壬Ʊ̨Ľ̲ǿҿռʵؼӲ
ǰӰϢӴ֮
ǿ󶥼飬껵أ
ͷɫڣӢòӣһԵа졣ֻͫףǵֻ۾ˮ͸ɲ⣬ʱ⡣
Σû˰ɡ껵߰ͷ­һͷϻЦЦ
ǰɡַ֮һЦ
ȻϴԼܹڻ
껵صʵУԼħػҲѡ

һڹХƲƣִַսãս۷ȫɫмתȡΧռΪá
ۿռãԼܲSŮʣ껵ز١
ɫмռ䡢ʱһ޷ֱ˴ˡ
ߣ껵һߣȫַǿܸоõַΣտ鼶𣬾ս
һΣǳַǿĿ
ͬĴٷ
㲻ʩչ깥ҲеǹֶΡ
̣̣~һʮѷ֣£ֱӹ껵ǿ߲ͬó֮﹥Ϊߡ
ңռ辪ˡ
껵ĿѪ⣬ȫ



2205 ֮֮֮
껵أַ˵̫Ϥˡ
һܣġ
һս껵صȷڴѾãַֺγأ֮ĳޣǲݣ껵ǿسĸ󻼡
ַսҪŮʡǿ߶սʤ㲻ߣӦ껵ء
ȴǡô
գųɣ
ħ껵صĹֱַͷ۷ħټħʱɢпʣͺһһ谭ռ
һУûκιԣȫ˲
Ӧóռ֮ǿߣٺò
ռ䣬ͺԭһ··ϣÿռ䷨ʩչά裬껵صĿռ裬½̫ࡣ
ٶȣƵʣԵȷ棬ǴȽ͡
һ޴ĽƫƫٶЧǴۿۡ
С껵֮Աǣں˫貾âǼռҡض޾ռȸԾޱȣһǿ֣·ӿȥ
ৣ~~
ƹڵص֮£ռкƳһ޴ڶâ׺һС껵仮ʮ㡣
ַκλᡣ
۷ռεһͨռ֮Ƕȱ֮͡
һģ
е۷ռܷӳͬߵȵ
۵껵أƳַ壬ż
ַ屾ǿ֮ĩ껵ظûаУʨӲȫԸһսַذɡ
ǿƷĿ⾼껵أϴκʱǿˡ
ռ䷨裬ƿԼǣࡣ
Ʒ껵϶ˣĵϸ
ġԷǵ֮
ַӦòֹʵǡƷϾַ壬¶һĨζЦݣ껵ؾȫԸչ黹Сַ壬ҪԿ
ĩһ˫ͫ񶾵ض껵أ޲ýƤǣ֮ءʱ˼ۿսԺвϸŸֿܣ취סԼ
ô룬ֻôֿܣһлᡣ
ô죿
׸ô죡
ĩ亹ֱ껵صɭŭ
껵أά裡
ʱ껵ؼ۷ռַصһʱҷߣ»ûôԣռ̫ܼ
޾ռֱӽеİ֮Ԫɡ
ΣԶԶҪƻ׾١
ô껵شһִǬСβٿؿռ򣬴ʱڲ֮ء
۷˭ƣ
ַ壬ȷʵƲˡ
Ľ׶εĺɫȫתԳһ壬ľǿ˿ܿռ۷Ӱ죬ڶи
ಣ
ֱַӽ
껵ʩչռ۷ļ϶ѽַĿռɫ޷ʩչֻǸȴ˿
ǻ쐻޸֪еϣӰʱƷͻ䡣
ʲô껵ɫһ䣬ݺ͹@ҲǾѣȴû뵽ߵ۷Ŀռ򣬶޷סַ塣
ʵֻǸ鼶Ѱ
ôܣ껵ضͷ֮𣬾ַܶĿռЩԾʱ֮սݲ̫࣬ԲӼж£ƿ
̣̣
﹥
ԲȦһһңһһ£ɸַ壬иƬ껵ʵӰ䣬սߺˣ룬սʮַḻ
ֻĿռ䲢֮
˫٣ַʩطǿдԲȦмķ϶д˫ٴɲǱպñܿԲȦ
ԲȦλһX֣ڿһԲǷɻַ幥
һιʱ˴˾ü

óɡ
ȴãַٵû
һʼ֪ɱ껵أ껵رóռ䷨򣬸޾깥ս鷳
ҵǣһռ䲢
룬ڹƶǿ˵Ŀռ΢СֻһԴı̨
ɶ񰡣껵ѪĿ֮ۼҫ۵Ĺâǽ˴һõ뿪磬ͼԻʱ䣬ַ롣
Ȼ
˻زֱַʩչе۷ز壬ɫܷͬӳߵ۷
֮֮֮
ͬʱʩչ



2206 
ৣৣ
ַ껵ͬʱС
ԻԻսǺ@סС죬ó֮ͬǿ
ݺƷɴ˫ͫȫ⾫ʵսס
ɲǼ䣬ɫâ
߳
˺ѵƿռ䣬һ£껵غȻͫһΪϢ˲ޣڰɡ
ôҲû뵽Լַǡ
óĻ֮С
껵ըѣҽжûУвʻԹײַʶ֮УӴɴײ
ãƷɫ䡣
˿¡
껵ʵ֮ǿ˵ַ壬۷顮SӲһҲɡ˫ȭƷһ˫ӾѪ˿ַʹ䣬ȴ޷ı䡣
Ȼ
ַ壬ͺһû˰㣬ȻֱͦͦվҡûС
ƷŴ죬Ŀࡣ
𾪵ģֹƷͬݺ͹@ˡ
ǿߣû뵽ӮĻַ壬Ķ껵׾ٻʤʵԱУ֮
ڻϡ@ղŷʲô
ԻԻ
ȵʲô
һȻľ̶ȣƳ־
һۺʱĽ˭ܸƳԷĻڲ֮ء
Զ׼
ַӻоѣ껵ظ죬һȥԴڻе껵زⳡƾСս껵ؼԩòԩ
ϧˣߣܸдݸеϧ֪껵֮ʩչΪƲѣַ
һóԶսǿ˵Īڿռխ֮ء
껵عȻпռ۷޷סַ壬Ϊռޣ޷ѣ룬űȵ潻ս
˰ܣս֮
Сӣ治ַ壬̾мӣδϡ
껵زͬ@ڣóսսǣɽַɱˣַκλᡣ
ˣ
껵أˣ
ĩ۾һһɵôһ˫׵ĶȻ͸žϲŵüҸȴ벻
Ȳʤȯ껵أ˸󣬽
ˣ
ʲô
ˣ
ǱСӰˣ
ĩ־ϲȴǰûڲѡ
ղһֱô֮ܿսͷŶ껵أŭͷԣȴһ۶δƹⳡȶ
껵ôĶ֪
ַֻ֪һΡ
ǵҲǿĩַ壬˼⣬ٿһЦأ껵ˣҾͿѡСˡ
ȵȣ
ĩһɫȻ䣺԰
СȻѡӮ˺ֱӿԽѡ߻Ǳѡ߲ǡ
ĩǱһˮ˲ʱ͸
ַӮˣʲô
ʣ»飬ǰģһ޽֡
ĩҰףֱҡͷаѣš
ȥֻصԭ㡣
ʱ
~һǹ䣬ֱַ顣
껵صıַٿ֮һ𣬺ɫоͺƷƵתޱ˷֮ɫָоδй
䣡ַ
֮
ޱȾڣΪϸѪգÿһ缡ڲȴ˷ܵĲԴĵ׵ϲá
ʲô
ô
Դ
ַ岻֪
ܸоõ̲ſռ䱾Դʱ䱾Դ֮Դ֮Դ֮ԴȵȣӦоУһ塣
ֻ΢µһСͺɫеɼΪ
ǿ
߽һ㣬θǿַۣܵżоԼıͣϸ仯
֮ǰSŮգ˵Լ
ǵѱͣԼԲһء
µǧѷֻ꣬ӬͷСĸıεԾϸṹĸı䣬Լԡ
ɫУҲ֮ɱ䡣
ȱ
Ҫ޶ͺˡַһֱܣʱԴȪѼޣβ
ǿŮʣպɱΪ۷飬֪书ЧΡ
ַ˵һɲ޴
ֻǣֹ
ԺٿһʶһſԼ룬ַһ֪汾ԴѽԼʱ뿪ֻء



2207 
᲻á
Ľ̫ˡ
ַԣѸսԽҲа͸ƺܿԴİأǧѷꡣ
յڶΣΣ
Ҿܾٻַٿðһ뷨Լ޷ֻأ
ᡣ
ܾܾٻ֤ǷѡȨģѡӦսȨһ
û´Ļ뻹һλջ
Ī
ÿһգǼµĽ
ǿŮʣ˽׳۷飬Լջ洦˿Ů㣬ࡣ
ΪԼ͡
ԽͣԽ
ˮ߷ۣ֮ĩӡݡ@ԼƷи룬Ʒַ屻ѡڵھλͳĩһλʧȥѡȨڡ
ݺ͹@ɫʣĸǿǵʵǿģкοɾ壿
ɫѿĵĩӣ䲻ַ֪ôɱ껵صģʵǰɱ껵صַ壬ͬȻ޴ѡ
ܿ죬ǰһ·
ĿԵضƷĩҧҧ֪ԼѱѡƷҲǶ飬Ͼսãʵ;鶼ݡ@Ҫһ㡣
ѡƷһ˿ϣ
Ҳֻһ˿
ϾߵͶ֮䣬໹ǺԵġ
ʱ
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һռУַӰһţ»صԭڹУʲôûƵģǿ޲һȫ֪ʲô
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ѵսߣӮҲ޷Ʒüͷ΢أڵھλѡȨⷽûκƣ鷳ˡ
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ϲĩĶŲ׵ᣬڹзЦɽˮ·˭֪һ塣
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տ鼶жͣ
ৣ~
ĩڵĹϣ貹âһ˫ֱַͫ壬췢ɭЦ⣬ĩӻδ·ܼ
ɱֻ࣬ܽأ
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֮ǰսһԼѡӦսҲѡȨ
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ַĩӽһռ䡣
һĻַԣϤĿռصԼ汾ԴȡĿ
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ĩѡԼ֮УԼһֻɱ껵ظȡɣʵʵδո¶٣ʣԼʵĩӲѡԼѡ˭
⿴־飬֪룬˸һ
֮ǰ껵زҲ⸱ô
ͬǣĩӵʵ껵أҪöࡣ
šЦһβߣɱСҲЩͶʵҲźʣǸࡣ
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ʵԶҪԸһĩӣ׾ٵġ
ֵҺ͵ˡݵͷǸ࣬սǿ߾ѽ˿ɲκսֱӽȻûнҲǼ¡

ţĿ@ˣĵͫҲһЦʵȷʵSŮʣҲԼ
ҲӮҲƴһƴ
߼Ĺϵһؿõõأ
˭Ҳ֪
ַ壬ɰҺˡƷЦѣԭĩӶѡΪ֣ƫƫַɱ˻ĩȥ
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ڤڤע
ҵֻ֮·Ҳͷˡ
Ʒһ̾Ŀһռ䣬ַĩӶŶ۰ϻȷʵĩӱŪڹ֮УֺǺǵġ
ҡҡͷƷܼĩӲҵĽ
䣡
ս˲졣
ĩԼ⣬ݡ@ˡƷ۶δһ£ȥսûκ
һʼĩӱ㴦ھ·硣
۽սַնɱ껵أôȻĩ㣬⻹δʩչУδɱ⡣ȫµַжǿԼҲ֪
ֻһĩӣƲַʵ
غϣַ㽫ĩش£ţ㣬ĩֱɱ¶ޱȾֺͲţ֪ô¡



2208 治Ҫ
ɱĩӣַһռУȴš
ԼҲûʮգֻһҲ˵һ̫ˣֵԼΪðա
ٿء
ˡַоϤĽ٣¶һĨЦݡ
ǹֱǣӶ֮ȫɫһμתȸԾǳԵζʳ
ϸÿһ涼ڼܱǿ
ṩĲơĹЧÿһ棬ȥɣȡ֮ȱ
Ǳֱָ͸汾ʡ
ⱾԴԼԽҪߵ·Ҳаա
ĿǰҪǣսΡ
棬籾ԴҲвЧ
üһĿôƷ𣬴ʱ׹ΪַӮսȴٷΪ⡮
һ㰡Ʒ̾
ǻSǿ۷鶼ܵա
ŮʣպͻƿΪ۷顣
ַ壬лֻأƫƫҪͣڵĵֻأδ֪սһеһУΪؽ
ǵǹ
Ʒܷ֣ݺ͹@ȻҲжڽŽһ֣ݣ˫ͷεһո¶Ұģһ¶Ŀ񱩣ɼ̬
෴@ֵĵȻһЩϾûѡȨ
ǡ
еٻ@һռУܵ࣬вţ໹еٻҲлƷǷǧĽ
ô
治Ҫˡ@ЦЦ
ôǸҲ㱿ԸԼ֮Ĳࡣ
һһغѡȨУô֪ѲΪݲѡ˻SŮʣûݾµĶ֣

յʱ䣬
ַԣÿһ붼ޱܣԡ汾ԴĺУɵذ裬ȫĵͶ룬ȫĸı䡣
̶̰Σ˳ǺɫС
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գɫжҵһȸԾú޲ýЩȫʳǣͬԵʡ
Ľ׶εĺɫУѴڱͱԵ
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ݻҺƷжѡһѡһ@˱ضѡʣµһ֮ٷȥ뻹һζսᡣ
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Լ۲죬ݺ͹@˽ǳȻѡԷ
ȫͿԼҲӦս
ȥܻܿݡַΨһûӮģ˻SŮʺݡ
ȭоȫµ͵ĺɫУַͫ¶һĨս⡣
кβң
ĵֻǰݶսʤʶɡ
ڣ籾Դ涼࣬սʤɣ
ʤʣ㹻ˣ
ǿߵĶսÿһսǰٷְٰղŻȥġ
οս飬ֶΣַŲݲһսľĵġ
Ӯ£ҾܵλýַڴܶһνԼĺɫнܽף׶Σ
~~
âһھ۽£ַһηع壬һƬȻ
ƷɴͫȻѣòҡҡͷַСһֱˣأһݣɲǿЦģ
סǹԸֻգ
ĿԵַ壬ƷЩԿ͸
·͹֮һʱˣȻͬ
ݺ͹@üͷҲȫû뵽ַٶȷǵļƻȫңǹ@ˣǽӣ
Ҳ
Ȼףַҷһյġ
Աһǿ
ܲŵơ
ݲѡ
߸ѡݣڰ˸ѡǹ@ˣƷʤ@˽òѡַ壬޷ȨΪѡߡ
ʱ@˺ܻܱܿĨɱ
ݣԲ
@˺Ʒս֮˭Ӯ»ҪٳӡȻݻиֱӵѡ񣬾ֱѡ@˶սȨ
ߣò
ֻܽһ
òټ۽ֻһȲSŮʣȻᱻ̭
ˣƴһ¡
£ϵʵͻᶼܴ
ҿ㵽ײʲôʵ¾ģһ׺ݵĿֱַ壬ĥצҧݣսܡ
Ͳˣö飬һտ鼶𲻾õСһ



2209 
ৣ~
ַӰһνһռ䡣
Ϥı̨ϤϢȴǲϤĶ֣ͬʱҲԼΪֹǿĶ֡
鼫ޣݡ
ʵڻSŮʡ
ַݣûʮİգⲢӱܵɡҪֻ̤صĻSŮʱƴôҪȥģݵʬ塣
һܺõԽʯԼʵжǿ
SжԶ
ɰաַȲԸҲԷƱǰֵ˫ʱεһԼһ˫ɺͫ¶ŨŨɱ⡣
ޣһһľ
ʤߣֻΨһһ
̟˲ɺͫףϢֱ䴩ַĵӰһƺԽЩ
û͵Ϯһ˵ͬʱǿʼͬʱ
ǿʳǿ档
˺~˫һռʱ쿪ͬʱＷѹַüͷ΢΢һšɲǼ䣬ɺɫٶȼ졣
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һ׵Զ빥ҲУҲУһҲСַҲԶ빥ǿԲ˷
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Ķ֣һʼҪȫԸƴ̵
ಣ
ַ帩ǰ弸Ӱ֣ǽ붼ѿ壬Ψƾ۷ܸоַԲ¶
ƶͬʱѿʼ
䣡Զ
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ɱ£ַɱԽԽŨɱԽԽҲԽԽǿ
ȻǱǿɱʩչ⡣ַʩչǳ죬ϴ涼кܴɱ䡣
屾ཥ鼶𱥺͡
ַ壬㲻ѷɫȵ
ԽǿܵɱԽࡣ
룬ܿӽ
Ҳʡ͵ĵƣԶʱҪƳӰЩѣӹһ˲䵽һɲǣ϶ܳͲͬ׼жҲֱӡ
ַڲϵĽӽĿѾ
ܣײһǽַӲһɺͫĹ·𼤹㴩͸˲ˡ

ַѸٱܿݽĹ롣
ݵ츳ܿ¡
Ҫ껵ѶԸö࣬һͿռ൱֮ߣǶԷλĸ֪Ϊ׼ǰ츳Ҫס
̣̣
ַһαˡ
˷˵ļʱֻ˵ˡ
ļַսپٶһγϣ깥ֱȡһ棬ϴ󣬸涼ͬꡣ
ȻǺܶ࣬čļأе۷زġ˻زɶԶɱˡ
߹ݷްĲʹ˻
˭걻ܴܣֻߵĹ@˺Ʒľǿݶ֮ǻô
Ȼ˵ƣ@ҧݣͷ
һӮģһ
Сӣսʱһ֡ƷϹһĨЦݣļѣϾĶǹ@˶ݡ
ҪӮԴ޵ǿ



2210 డ
ļɱַ
30%ģԼѾʩչǿҲˣֻһꡣݣҪ뿿ɱѡ
ߣԼčļΪ
еĵصΪáزֱɱַһ߶Ȧһͼӽݡ
ʮֽȻˣԣһ˫ɺͫŨѪγ
ȻȴȻȴ򣬲ʤ
ͺһϵˣȴԼ̤֮С
ݣӵкǿĽս
ܴ
һ治ҵ־ȵսʱٸһַݵ뷨һ£ôһ¡
ԼùҪ
ΪݵԶ빥ͬǿ˿Ľս
ץˡַ尵ݡ
ԼмޣɱҲмޡ
ϣַùͬʱΧаȫǾۼͺɳ»۳ħһ˲һأ
ħռħ֮ء
ڵأɺͺڰһ
һδϾڰ֮ŸոʮԴ硣
Ҫ̫ӵĸֻ˳űʩչҲܷӲ׹Ч
¡~~ַħķЧȡ֮µĹרĽڰĳ֣һǵͷȣж裬ɫࡣ
Ӧֱܴ죡
ܿռ䷨ʩչٲƣַѾܽӽʩչռ䷨ΣգһԼ˻ڡ

ַĹ׹ߡ
ݱһһһ˫ɺ˫ͫߵͬʱһǷ˫צ΢΢¶ַ嵽ֱ档
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𵴣һݸգëֱҰˣɫë壬ƺ֮ǰȻͬײУ޼ɵ
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ξַǿǿɱѸ֮ǰһ֣ȫԸǿ֮ݵҰ˿ѷɫӲӲɽײ
ﬣϣ
꽻
ܣ@˵ɴ촽ôôǿ
⣡ƷȻвκˣƽ
һֱΪԣʶȷ棬ΪʡԼʳ챦ְ취ջ΢
ַȴƾӲݣ
ǿǶ鼫ǿߣ
ң츳ǿӵ
ַأ
ֻǸտ鼶ѣ
ҲǶ飬жֲ
ܰɡƷԴЩң߽ôǿģ࣬డ
ʵΪС޿ԣ޿ܡ
ַʱʵǣÿһµĻģһһӡϱǿѪȻѷɫ
ȷʵҲûôš
θ鼶𣬾鼫޵ݡ
Ҫԭڡ
ϴɱַ塣
ǿ壡
죡
սи֪壬жǿַ弲ٻӵԼӦٶȡԣȵȷ棬˳
ָٶȶࡣ
ղŵƣ޸߰˰ˡ
ɱݣٳַܵ㣬ĸǼͣͫй⣬֮ԽսԽľڽڰˡ
ַʵȫϣ
ɶ񣡡
һֱʵ
صĲһ㣬ƭˣ
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֮ǰսֳַģںսʱֳģˡԭĹƣַеҲ̫ࡣ
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뵽ò˵
ַһݺݵظˣѪֱ¶ֻţŤת壬һ룬ɺͫߣͼַ롣
ˣ
ַ˫һ
һӲȹߵͬʱֱӽһնɱѪɽǼֻצ˺ַķһݸǷ
䣡
ĳ
Դַčļأ˻زĹЧڴʱֱ㣬ҧأУִַո¶ɣѸٽһҲնɱѸײڶ
̶ɲǣݲ
ӮˡַһԡѪȴҲ˲ᡣ
һսӮⲻס



2211 շ
~~~
һǹٴ֮͡
ֱַǣ̶ȫַ˵ѾϤݶսܵ˼ɲǼѱ޸ȸԾԴɫмת
Ľ׶Σѽӽ͡
һ籾Դգַ֪ɫԾ֮ơ֮ħ⡣۵ȺͷͬȽºɫԶҪǿ֮
ϾѾں˿ռ䷨ʱ䷨
˺ɫУһҲձ͡ν飬һյˮףεգδ
һѾǵν١
˶屾ĸı䣬Ҳһֻ׼ԻữˮˮףȻֻ۵һ㹦ãҲѽǾ޴ˮ׿Ҫ
һɣﵽޣɫнףҵսԳ顣
ַġ
޷ͻSŮʣӦòضá

սƷ͹@һϲһ
վƷĽǶϣϣַӮΪԴǿһ@˺ݹϵУӰ룬ݵĪĴ
ַ壬Ŀ⾡ǲͬ
ӮƯƷζŸղⳡս̾ңݶֻ֣½ǰͻᱻĵ߰˰ˡ
ַСӣԭڹ֮һ֡
Ȼɲֻƽˡ
Ʒף¶΢Ц
ΪַˣΪԼݸе⣬Ϲ@ˣܰҲǺܴ󣬵Ҫöˡ
򣡣@˽ҧأһֻĸ𣬳޵Ŀַ壬޲ýʳǣɱΡ
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Ҫɱ㣡
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˴˶ϧ츳࣬ݳ񣬵ȴǼã޾ԪѾ顣
ȥֻʣһ
ˣһΪ㱨𣡡@˾ŤܻȼգǱ޳ͷԡһߵƷĿ¶һĨζЦݡ
뱨𣿡
ôô
ȣȹһء
ضɡ
һսϣˡ

@Ŀ⣬ַԽղ
µϧÿһɲǵʱԼǹӻԾڣս涼
⣬Ҳܻݵһԭ
ǿᣬַҪɱݣ¡
ͻˡоźɫе˲䣬ӵĽ׶ε׶Σ˲㽫һռմơ
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ҵǣһռеԴԴһ˲ռŤתһα͡ɫȸԾޱȣһʳ
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ÿһʳͱ仯գ֮䡣
ַΣźɫеĽ׸ı䣬Χռĸ࣬Ŀռ츳֮ǰȣȫͬն
⡢ߣᲢۡ
Ѫޱǿ
׶εĺɫУͬǵ׶εĹ֮ƺͰ֮ħӣҪ硣ܺúãȻǳֲ
ַֻ岢ûС
շַҲⷽҲûôҪʵĻͷʼڶʱһ͡
෴֮ƺͰ֮ħ桶Ǭָһһӡ
Ȼ׶εĺɫУⰵ죬Ͳͬˡɵһأ޵С
ɫбǿζƿǿ
ⰵں֮Ҳܸϣ֮ǰܸɡ
ַ尵ͷ
ԼѪһУ֮ǰɫͬ裬ֻй֮밵֮ħ໥ϣ²ͬˣиǿĺɫдףںϾ͸ԵĿԸࡣ
ͺʱǿһԿţôԣҲͻȻ߻ħ
ˡַһθ֪ٻ٣ǽ΢ȫգʵǴﵽ鼫ޡ
ĿƳһռ⣬ַ˾
뿪
ʣ¹@˺ƷպÿԾһ
Լأ@ѡԼԾȻǺãٶһϴ񣬵Ӧòڱ̶ֳȣϾݵʵԶ֮ϡ
һ˵@˻ѡƷԼ󽫱ʣ¡
ʣһ޷̭Ǿ鷳ˡ
䲩һʲĻᣬҰ˽ڹ@ϣץԼСߣϴԼѾ⡣
ٶһҲν̰ᡣ
~~âַӰʧһռ䣬ֻء



2212 ֻأ
Ʈ޼ʵƺ޾ݡ
ŨĿռƲ㣬ȸԾĿռԪ羫趯ĴããһƬûκɫʣ·ɾƣۼʳ˼̻
Sƺ֮䣬˫֣ͦأƵĿԶ񷣬֪Щʲô
Ůϥؼ䣬һ꣬ʱпռԪڣϢǿžʵ
۷飡
Ҳ£׵ֻصǿߡ
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ߣһ࣬İϤࡣ
ޣS΢ȴҲû˵ʲôĿԶƺɫƽ˵ֻһССѡ
۽˭첻κӰ죬ҲĶ֡
Ϊɽǿߡ
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գƺܽءַ峩ȻһЦĿƳSŮʣߣоߵϢѹȸС
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SͲͬˣϢȫУͺһͷ˯ľһѱ㽫¡
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ͬ۷飬SʵԱŮҪǿ
ҵսŮڲ֮䡣
ǺͻSսȻ˴˶۷飬Ӯ治̫󡣡
ַҲǺܵġ
ϾһβŸսսһֻϲʵս
ĿɨķƬɾ֮صĵطȡŨռŲоƺһֻصĿ飬ԼֲôѺá
͵ڶֻʱԼȻͬ
ɫչѪԼĿռ츳㲻ֱȡǽɫ׶Σ֮ơ֮ħƱȼ硣
츳ۣڵĿռ츳SŮȡַĵ
ֻ츳Կռ˵Լǲʮǧ
ֻؿǿռ裬Ǿ鷳ˡ
ƬڵƺɾĵַһŮһϥȶνˮڣûʲô÷յġ
ǰĵֻأԼһһ߹ˡ
ֻأô࣡
֪ʣһƷǰܷ¡ַĵȴ֪Լȫµȫı档
ĵֻʵĽףԼһ
ʮȥӭʣµĿ飡
~~
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һַ֮󲻾ñʵʤһĹ@ˣһֱδɽ¶ˮƷԴǿߡ
ַһڵֻʱ̿ʵ
ĵֻʱ˺ͣȻûѡȨ@һ֣Ҳ
@ʵԸһȣս鲻Ʒܵݸձַɱǲȣ@˼Ҫַ屨𣬷ƷŻֱҪ
ۻ£Ʒܹ@ˣһֻأ
ĸԴǿȡ
SŮ޲ַ壬Ʒû뵽Ļͨ࣬ɽǿߡ
ַ岢⡣
һͲµƷĿԻһЩ
ƷǰȻַЦ
ĸƷˬһЦ鲻
ַնɱݣûܶϹ@ˣ̸Ͻ
ǰʵƺҲַƷϣо˱ȸղŸǿϢΪ֮һЦЧ
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ĸһġƷʼ磬ȻһЦ
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ĿԶƺͺƾѣSŮɫȻΧӿɽռԪزҡ
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ַ֮һ
ѶϢʱһһ
ֻأ



2213 ռ
ǿռݡַĿ档
ϣһֱƲ񷣬ԵƥϷŨŨڣͷԺеָʮ̤ݣﵽˡ
һֻڡ
ǰס
Ҫ̤ռݣһҪӵ㹻ǿĿռҪӵ㹻ߵĿռ裬ȱһɡһ׵ʽ֮⾳֮£Ӧ֮
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ʮԴΪ4321ĶΣ׶ȣܸͬ
öӦռĶΡ
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ȻռȫòԺģ֡
ҪǶռݣ˵͸ʮԴ㣬Դ㣬еԴ㣬ߵԴԼһ򶥼Դ㡣
̫ѡ
ȫ͸ռ䷨ľǳԽ鼶𣬴ﵽˡ
ӦĿռ䷨ΪҲһ
Բ֮ľԽߣԽǿӦռݵλãԽԽߣĳֿռ䷨㹻ǿʮԴ֮ͬеǶܡ
ַ˼š
ʱSŮѿʼжٶȵϿռݡƵ֮䣬۷ܿʧӰ˲㳬ռݵķ֮һλá
ߵĿռͷǱѰˮ
ߣ۷Ҳ൱֮ߣʶûκ谭
ǿ졣
ҪǶǺѡ
һؿԽԽѡ
ǰʵǵٿҲûãؼͻһ£ûʵϣһ׶γǧ궼пܡ
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𿴻SŮǰƽأʵǵô죬Լǰ漸ݶܰԼס
ΪԼĿռףΪ㡣
Ȼ͵ڶؿһ
ռ֮ҵһνҹأһ
鷳ˡ
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һҪռĹؿԼ˵һ⣬Լ¿ʼҲȲϻSŮԪĻۡ
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ĿƷߴʱȴʵǣĿͶ֮һЦ˴໥ƷнԶıӰַЦ
ﲻǵڶؿġмѭнݾߡ
ǿռһһӡÿһǿռ
ƾڵͺɫеĿռ츳Ⲣ󡣡ַܸоԼѾﵽҪ󣬾׾ٵǰѱ
׾ȴһϲͨ
취
һͷһһӡռ䷨ԪأʮԴ
㹻ʵǡ
ռݵĸ׶ΣҪȫʮԴ
ˣʱԶԶ
ÿһ׶ΣֻҪһСֵʮԴӣֻǽһС֣ҲʮԴ
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ǿռ䷨ʮԴǷֲεģԽϣԽӽԽѣ
ڶռ䷨򡣡
ÿһռ䷨䱾ʶʮԴ㹹ɣʶſռ裬ռ䷨򣬾ռ裬˵򵥣
ֻǿ򵥡
δԽԽѡ
ԽӽʮԴ磬ԽѣΪҪҪӽ£߱δﵽʮԴ磬̸ף
ʮԴ㣬Ѷʼնڡ
ռ䷨Ϊ׺ѡ
·ߡ
SŮʣߵǵڶ·ַһʼѼٷɳۣռΪܸߣռ䷨Ǿͨʶǰƽأ֮Ҫˡ
ԽԽѣı
ܷͨռݣͿǱռںεȲΡ
Ʒǰߵǵһ·
Ŀռ貢ߣ޹֮һʶʮԴ㣬ͻƣһЩȻǰߵһЩ˵ߵ·ƽ̹һЩ
ҵ˵ҲӦƷǰ·
ַ廹Щԥ
ΪԼ֪кܴΪʱ䲻ʧܡ
ʮԴԼǺóɫҲѾ׶ΣĵƣʮԴض°빦
һؿֻһǧʱޡ
ٶʱ䣬һǧʱԼ㣬õĻߵռһ׶ΣҲڿռݵĵ׶ΣŸߵȿռ䱾Դ
ҪԼֳɵĿռ䷨Ҳʵʡ
ⷽ棬ԼøԶ
׶༪١
ˣʮԴɣԽһЩ
ң˵ʹȻ漣أ
飬ַ
漴̤ϿռݣƷһӳȿռԴ㿪ʼʵǡ



2214 漣
İٸ
ռݵĵһ׶βѡ
ÿһӦһȿռԴ㣬͸̤㡣
ǹ̶ġַ̤һݣΧһ˲ʱģֻʣϺµĽڣռĸӦȴ˲һռԴĸΪͺһǳ
̶ĿռԴ㣬Ѷָ
Լ˵ʵҲνϾռԴ㶼δʶѡһһ
ᣬеġ
йʮԴľ飬һͨһЩܽ
ռԴ׵ѣǳȿռԴ㣬֮еȡߵȡռԴ㣬ܴͨһЩ
ʼ󣬷֪ռԴѡ
ͨĳȿռԴ㣬ѶҲȹ⡢Ҫöࡣ
Ȼλ򡣡ַķʮ죬һռԴ㣬Ҫ֪ĵʺռԴ㣬νศɡ
ʱ䣬ɺķѾ޴
ʮ첻㳤ǵһ׶εĿռҪİٸ֮ࡣ
⣬ֻǳȿռԴ㡣
еȿռԴ㣬ѶʮߵȿռԴ㣬Ѷǧٱ
ռԴ㣬ѶȺֹ򱶣

ޣѡϸƷʱҲһһӡʵšַ岻ͬ޿ռ֮һдо飬ռ䷨
ֻǹ֮һսǿʶƷ޹֮һռ䷨Ϊ
ȻҲߵ
Ϊռ䷨ʶҪһЩҪ̫ӵظ֪оҲռ䱾Դ֮ĸ
ڡ
ƷҲֻ֪ȿռԴ㣬Ϊʱ硣
ַʲôSŮӰӶˡ
һؿǺ˱ƴҵԼıƴ
һǧ꣬˵̲̣˵ȴҲ
һ꣬ƷĽȫַ˦ңңȡ
ڶ꣬ȴַѾʼӽٶ൱֮졣
꣬ƷȻطַ֣֮ң
ˣ꣬ƷЩȻؿϷһݵַ壬ٸнӣ֪ζʲô
ַ壬Ĵ㿪ʼ
һһӡ׷ϵġ
û뵽Ŀռ츳ǿƷ꣬˱ˣַθߣӴռ䷨֮࣬ȴܡ
ڱַ׷ϣֻ֮ԽԽԶ
ֻ꣬Ŵ漣Ǳ޾
ˣҪǧͨռݣҲǲܡƷɵģַ㿪ʼظ
һ׶ףԽԽѣѶʮ
ҪǧڵǶһ׶һɣôһ˿ϣѾǵַ꣬嵽ڶ׶ΣҲҪꡣ
ҪǶ漣ˡƷ̾

ʮ졣
ַ̤İٸȿռ䱾Դռݵڶ׶֮ϣɫʱ¶޳һۼ׺պԣ硣
Ȼͷںص֮䣬ֱ񷡣
~ַƽ
֪Լ±ƷǰҪһ㣬ⲢʲôԼµĽȣԶԶĿɨܣSŮʡ
ߣڵ׶εĿռ֮ϡ
֪еȿռԴѶôַץʱ俪ʼ
ȿռԴտʼȷЩ谭֮󽥽˳δԼȫ⣬ٶҲѽӽޣˣɺķʱ䡣
еȿռԴ޷ƣԼҪǧڵǶϣǳã
һ߶֪ȫ
һеȿռԴ㣬ַоһļ¡
ʮ죡
ȻķʱһĳȿռԴ㣬ʱʮѶѿɼһ㡣ڵԼѾİٸȿռԴ㣬ڿռԴ涼ѾϤ
˾޴ĺʱڶ׶ٸݣʵǡ
ܲôࡣ
ȳ˵ʱ仹硣
ַ촽
δһ̣в֪Ρ
ǧʱ䣬²ŵ꣬ʱ仹ĺܡ
ַܿȶ񣬿ʼڶ׶εٸеȿռԴһһƳȻԤҪķѵʱ࣬ɻ35ʱ䡣
ϵһ׶ε5꣬40ꡣ
׹׶Σʣ׶ѶȺֹٱ
ռݵ׶Σ
СַһߵȿռԴ㣬ֱҡͷٸߵȿռԴ㣬һԼͺķʱ䡣
ߵȿռԴеȿռԴ㣬Ѷһʵ
ǧʱ䣬ԼôʡҲɵ׶Ρ
ʣµĽ׶Σֲ



2215 ϣã
ռݣ㡣
ֻһٸݣǿռݵĶ壬һٲĽݣֵܵˣŨ֮ɫͷХڡ
ͬҲǵֻڡ
ҪǶ£źǿߵһؿϣв۷顣ǻSŮʼΪͨռռ輫Ҳ鷳֮С
ǰƽأΪǱռ񣬻ǿ
ǵĿռ裬޷ǵǶ
ɽǿ߻Sֳǰһ㣬ʱ붥ޱȽӽһٸĽݣֻʣʮ
ַԤƵģԽÿһޱȼѡ
ȻSŮʾͲЩˣڵλãǵĽ׶οͷʮ˸ݣյңңڡ
ǰŮвʣҲS֮Ĳࡣ
ܵĵֻһͻƣ޾Ԫۻǲƭ˵ģSȷʵΪɽǿߣڵ׷ϡ
ʱ䣡
һϣ
ұռ֮Ļһа취ģ
ѾߵһŮԲķ
Ϊ꣬ӲޱȣֱȻ־ŮܳΪ۷飬Ȼֻ츳䱾ʵ
ǧʱޣҲ̡
ܿ죬ѷš
ϣҲӭһµס
Ʒ
Ŀռ츳ȷףҲǾˣٶȷɽ綼ٮٮˣַȣЩࡣ
ڶʮˣƷϷԾС
֪䣬Ѿַ˾޴롣ݵÿһһߵȿռ䱾ԴδӴġ
Ʒ֮ǰĿռ䷨Уûκһߵȿռ䱾Դɳȡеȿռ䱾Դɡ
ˣǰٶɲַ塣
£ֻø
ȻԴ͵ţ̾ΪֹƷ̾ѣдĽ޼ʣƶ֮ˣع
ԼҲϣַΪԴǿһ־
ֻƷҲַʣ̫ɹȻңңڣã
ַֻʵ̫ѡ
ĿǰĽַȻܽ׵Ľ׶ΣƷ̾һЦԼңĽ׶εĽݶǧʱ޾ͻᵽˡ
͵վɡ
һֻأǲС
Ʒ̬ܲ
ʧܣԤ֮УߵһѾԶԶ֮ǰԤˡ
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һֱȥϣеġ
ַԼ֪Լ£֮нĿռ䣬Ϊ֮ǰδߵȿռ䱾Դ֮ĽԽԽǱϵ
ӵһ񵽵ʮ񣬺ʹӵʮ񵽵ڶʮĽѾܶࡣ
ӵڶʮ񵽵ڶʮ񣬽Ѿǳ΢С
࣬Լļޡ
׶ζٸ㣬ҲҪʱ䣬ǰ׶κķѵ45꣬ǧʱ޽ʱֻʣٶꡣ
Ľ׶ֻһٸ񣬵ѶȱǰŰٸʮֹ
ϣã
ַ֪޼ƿʩ
̤׶ʱһһ̤ʵǰ⣬ʶҲֻȴһ˿ϣ𣬷Լǰֻʣ·
ҪôǰС
ܴﲻյ㣬ռܼʵһһ
Ҫôٽݾµĵ·
ǧʱ޻ʣ¾Ű꣬ỹڣ·ȥĺķѵʱҪͷˡ
ʲô
ռ䷨Ϊô
ֻԵڶֻʱġռƣռ䷨
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·֮ǰѾϣʮԴѸСڵĽȺ֮ǰԼѡûдΪԼƶ㿪ʼֱӣҲʺԼ·
ֻǣǧʱ̫̣
~ַ״̬лָΧɫĿһƬããɫʣξͿռã޾֮ϣѤ档
Լ󷽣Ʒ̤ȽĲһһʵš
ԼϷSŮʲӰȻλڸߵĵĽ֮ϣֻسš
ɫͷ­ƺ֮У®ɽĿɫԣԵƣҰֱϲ񷡣
ԶԶȥ
ţַٿ֮һ
ɫ



2216 ɫ
һۼɫʱַ廹Ϊġ
֮㷢ֲˣֻ̫ʵƣԲԵ˱棬ʵ򲢷ˡӵһݵݣĵݣɫĴڣƺ
Щڣ
νڱɫڣҹᴩռݣȻЩѰ
ַ֮漴ɫڷȥԽԽɫÿһƬÿһƤƺߣֿɼ
һ黯ȴʵڵĽɫڿռ֮ϡ
صִַֺƴˮ㷺ֱӴ͸ɫٴλָ̬
黯ȴޱʵ
£ܸоǿϢԼŨĿռԪɡ
Ҳǿռ䷨ôַкǺ棬ֱԼһֱԼҪѰҵĽݾܾɫйء
ĿŽɫϵÿһ·ÿһƬۼףַ
ԽעӣԽѶͺƿռĻ㣬Ÿӵζɿռɣض֣һ˿⾳
൱
ʲô
ǲ͸ɫô
ַҲ׼
˷ʱʮԴӴˮһգԼɱܷʲô׵ֻء
Լţһһȴ
ɫȴ
Ĳ
ַָоɫӦúŮһΪռ䷨̲ؼ°أɫռ裬ʵǿռݡ
긴һꡣ
ûַüͷ΢š
Լλãǽɫƫϣڽӽλϸ򣬺ʹԶЧǴͬġ
ʮԼȷʵ֤ʵɫҲȷʵǿռ䷨
Լȫ
׶ϲѾģĽ׶֮ϵͷؼ㾦ڸǱڣȫ塣
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취ô
ٸɴһ㣬׿ȫΪǷУַԵԽɫ򣬵ΪȫЩطģЩطԽȻ
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ѶȷΪҪľ͸ˡ
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ڶֻأ
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ġ
ַʱ
µ͵ڶֻʱƣ֮ͬǰĿռڷˮϣڽɫۼϡ
ȻۼԶȷˮֽ࣬⿪ʵҲһһķˮ
ҴɲÿһƬ֮ϵǽһһġ̻ġУʲô仯
ġƣҲռ䱾Դһ֡
ַ徭ḻ
ʮԴķֹһ֣κηֻҪ˽ռ䱾ԴԡߣʵǿռҲδһҪʮԴͬһ·
ѭ浸أԼʲԷ⡣
ӦǿеġַѾԹַԲںһ֣ǧʱ仹ĺܣ»ʸ񷸴
뵽漴ַ忪ʼġ
йڶֻصĻ൱֮죬ܿ㽥ѾֻôġƺǷȱһʲôռԪȸԾȴʼ޷Ϳռ֮ϵ
ˡַٿػȻ
ԼһʼġϿǰλãѶȹǰűߺ·ϵϡ
Ҫ·ӦҪѭ򽥽ӵ¿ʼ
βӦһݡ
ףӦߵһݡ
ɫᴩռݣѾһжʾˡ
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ͷٿʼûʲôˣȻԼҪġɫ·ϵƬȻҪġӵ׶˿ʼġѵķ
֮ǰôû뵽
һİٸȿռԴ㣬ǹ̶ģģһʼָ̺
İٸȿռԴ㣬ɫӦġ
ַͷ
Ȼ޾֮·
ֻغ͵ڶֻһҪزֻһַ
£ʱ仹´ࡣ



2217 ¿ʼ
ӵһƬʼ
Ŀͷ·ͺ࣬ȵ׶εۣһ׶ε۲ֹġǳࡣ
ҹȻû´ȷǿռ䷨򡣡
ֻǸտʼ̲صķԲֻ࣬Ǳɽһǡ
ġһƬַ֪
ƬϵĿռ·һߣ̲Ŷؿռ䷨ȥ򡣲һ٣޷ɹģγһ壻ԼҲûʱȥз
ġڶƬ
ַ岢ġλ޷ġͻڶֻһġ;ֱӻɢռƾ޷һߡ
¼ǳΣ֤Լġǳɹġ
ȵڶֻʱ򵥶ˡַָ㣬谭ܿһͼǰеĽɫһޣֻһ
ͬơ
£㹻
ͺһǽ飬ȱһֻǸѧᵶУ˶ѡ
ΪɫеԵʡַ֪ԼġԭڣΪɫеĽףԼռ츳ԾʹһбȻ򵥡
һ׶εġ鷳֮ô죿
Ϳռһ̲صĿռԴ㣬Ƹӳ̶ȣǵġ
İٿۡ
ǰһٿַʱԶ࣬²ɿ̻֮ڶһٿͽѲ֮ǰһʱ䣬һٿʱʮա
ɡַİٿۣ¶Цݡ
ʱʱʮա
ʮԴķʱ䣬ȫͬն
ƺǷȱЩʲôַԱԼ̻ۣеۣüͷ΢΢һ࣬İٿ໥ϵǷȱ˺ܶࡣ
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˵Ƭ֮⣬ÿһƬı߽ǴпͺƽжϵһϳһÿƬ붼Ƭ
ԼġΩΩФûв𣬵ڱ߽ǴӵĿƿ̻ԵЩֲˡ
ν֮壬ǧˡ
ৣৣৣַָ鶯һڿз裬ɷ˸ͫȫڿռ䷨İ֮У˼
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󾫣ַ岢˷ʱ䡣
ڣԼҪɫֱ񷣬ѶȷǱѰײĻʵĿռ䷨ֻԽԽѡ
뾫ϸÿһۣÿһƣ
κ΢С覴ã
򲻸ˣھٴεʧַܺɵһ׶۵»ƣһǳɣûκβػģ֮
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ȻûϢѾһַͷûϢԵʣܿΪֻβ֣δ㾦һġĲࡣ
ÿ֮Ϊһ壬ֱ˴ˣΪһ塣
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ȻǷȱַ֪ѾԼȫЩǿģϾֻβ֣ͷδġ
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ʼڶ׶ΡַϢٴοʼڶֵġƣ̤ƺݣڶ׶εٸÿһӦһеȿռԴ㣬֮ǰԼѾȫ
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ٿ۵ĻƣҪ±İٿѵöࡣַһ֪ôġգҲСгɾˣö
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2218 
ڶ׶εٿۣϵӣƸࡣ
ġһ׶İٿ۵ַ˵ֻ֣ǺķѵʱһЩһġƣһ̺߳Ŀռ䷨֮Уʱš
̶գַ̻ٿۣϸ׼ȷ
ֻٿҪ໥ϵͱ֮ǰİٿҪѵö࣬Ͼеȿռ䱾ԴÿһƬ۶аҵеȿռ䱾ԴԼһ°빦
ʱ䣬ַȻ
ػƳۣһǳɣ޲ء
֮ǰİۺַ֪ۡǼ󹤳ֻ̣ǵиغһЩ̡
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ⰵںһ壬ۿںкѡ
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߰۵̲صĿռ䷨൱֮࣬ҲȻͬһ㣬֮ǰİۺ۶߱ģΨк϶ΪһŻֶ
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ַ໥Աȣױ㷢
һϢɫâ貶һֻǵĿռƿ̻ʵ飬һ׿͸
ڲϵأΣĽȫٿ
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߹οռݣֻɵΣӵδ漰֮ǰԼǴӵοռ顣

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ĿҲǿռݺ͸ߵȿռ䷨֡
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ʮۣ꣬ߵȿռ䱾Դȫɡ
ʮ꣬һǳΪһȫµ壬ռⱩ
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ʮ꣬Ű۾Զɣһʹɫ֣ɢźϮأһʱ
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ȳɣǷȱֻǻ㾦һʡ
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ʼ겻SѾӽ壬ﵽռֻۣ̤֮ء
⣬޿ɱ⡣



2219 ׷
ࣿ

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ַĵʱ˻SŮʵע⣬ַ壬Sһֺ棬֪˵͵࣬ô졯ġ
ŮʵУһּɵͽ
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һٿƬӦһٸݣӦһٸռԴ㣡
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̲صĿռ䷨ǱʣǾ裬ԶҪ׼࣬࣬ȻֻռССһٿ飬ÿһƬ۶̺ռ䱾Դ
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2220 Ƕ
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˿̵ȫڿռ䷨֮Уʱ̤ʱٲʱȻָ㣬һƬƬ۹С׵ףٵףһǧ
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ܿ죬ѽŮԶԶں󷽣ĪŮ۷飬ʵδʵԸռǹؼ
츳վǷȱһ֡
ȲϻSͬҲȲַ塣
ţ򵽹ؼʱ̵ĻSǷȱһܵǶٿظоĶһ˿ѹͷƳȥҲǴʧɫ
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һ࣬Ȼ׷ˣԻSԣ£ͷ𣬸߰ĸоܴܵƵģͫ財

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SһӣȻ˲ʱȼգѪȫޱӿ֣ͺһ޴ڶſռԪأʱȫۡ
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͵һ̤Ӳ͸ıƿӰʧǰǽɫϢֱ񷣬ң޿赲
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µôһ죬ȴû뵽һ֮죬ͻȻSƤƿɹǶֻء
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׺ؼڡںϡ
Կռ䷨ѡ

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ضĽࡣ
ںϵĹؼġܷһʹɣܳɣγ塣ַ˫Ժнɫޱ
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ѾûлˣϣַܳɹΪԴǿһ΢ȻСһɽǿ
ܳɹɣŮʽַ壬¶ʣĽš
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ٿأڽɫǽɫļ֮ϣ֮ģַ峹Ȼ
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ʱ䣬ǰ谭ƿȫޣ֮䣬ַɿ粽Ƕϡ



2221 ߣ
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ߵˣһ֮עַ̹ȻһЦκη֮ģȻѡ·۽ΣԼȥ
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ξ
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ʱٺȫͬξ֮Уһΰ꣬ǳ֮٣ȴͣԭأ޷
ʶ磬ռ䷨򣿡ַޡ



2222 û
ǱΪռԪص塣
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ڵԼۿռ츳ŲȻSʤṲֻ̊أ֤ǷȱԼԲס
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һΰ꣬ÿһ򣬶ַéٿ
ʶԽԽǿַ屾ԾˣϺɫе׶εѪ츳ǿǷܿԻƽ̲صĿռ䷨ȫ򣬸ԽԽʢ
һΣַĽȳǰ˻S
ңǰǳ֮ࡣ



2223 ƽӡ
ֻأԼıƴȡ
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ʱ䣬ƽ쳤ƺЩη壬Ҫѣ˴֮һεƽ˻ַѪſһС
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2224 ճɬ

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˿̵ĻS״ֱ̬۷壡

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2225 S
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ɱSһ֣ȫԸ



2226 Կ
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2227 
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2228 Ը
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ৣַǿϣSԼԼڵǿȣȫôȻҲǼ90%ģǸ۲۵ľ޴ġ
Sܴ³˯ܷתǸδ֪֮
ԼԸһġ
ջSתؽΪԼҰ
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ûһİգԲð˴գǿϻS
~~~
S壬ʧƬռ֮Уַշֻѱɱȫ˯ȥκá
ʶдޱöȸԾ
ƽӡƺХ˷ޱȡ
ǡַоõǵ־ڻڣΪԼڻ޾ٴֻأֻܴص޼
ܴһأϻƽģޱϡ
һģһҲûС
Sʵǿߣһؿ޷Ǻģ޷Ĳ裬»
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֪ûа׳ԵͣԽԽԽΣգջҲԽ࣬ɾԽ
ƴγɹ
ַ˫־



2229 
ǡ
ӵ𣬱еˣʶԴ
治УҲͬǱΪ֮һкܺеǣӵǿܻ
Һͨǲͬǻ϶ϵǣʱռ࣬ǣֱǡ
ǾǼǣͻ򵥵ĻʶʱǴߣȻǵĺģΪƿߡַ
˵ǣΪǣδǡ
ѪľѣǬзḻ֪ʶַ˽⡣
ߣǱǬֲĴڣǿ߶ԣѳ棬еһƿأǡ
棬һҲδһǡ
棬̫ˡ
ǵĵʮֺͨɿռԪɣΪռ䷨ܻǣҪããһǣʼ͡
Ĺ屦
ֵ֮Դʯй֮޲
ԴʯҪǶǿڻηȴһ޴壬԰һҲ԰⣬԰޴
ǬУǵļҲǺܶ࣬Ͼһδû˭ǵĺģƿǡ
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ȫ԰ǵأһһǿߣǻʱŽήң½ǲᡣ
ʱ䷨Ǿκá
ÿһֻҪ㹻ĿռܳɳΪһžȫЧңǶµ
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һȻĿռʥأϻƽܽһֿռܽ⻷֮أ
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ͺһǽãһȫӵУͬ
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ССһǣȴһϵӴΪΪռ֮ޱߡܽӵһأԽϵȫС
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ַѸٻָļᶨ
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Ϊһ
ⳡ̣Լô
ȲԼˣ
ĵһǻƽϣϡһ޷Ϊǵˡ
ǬмأҪΪ̡
꣬Ǻĵڣβ㣬ؿɡ
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ǿȣԼоģԼѾǿԴʯ챦ڣSǵĺģԼҲԡ
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ҵϸ˵ȻSҪܶࡣַ֪
ΪԼ࣬츳޲ǰǿԼβߣŸտ鼶ⷽ
ҵ֮ǰԼɱ䲻١
ȻܵʸûС
Ǻģ귽ǹؼΡ
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ƽӡǱʶӴ˿ԼĵĵشҲɽĵλڡ
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УûκһֱͨΨֻ飬ʸ룬ͺһңһܷɴĿҡ
ǰһޱȾ޴Ļƽ졣
ʵڣȴֲǡ
޾ռɣͨռ֮ޱȴ⡣ÿһſռ֮ǿռԴڣֵԹ㣬γɵƽԼ·ǵࡣ
ԼĻƽӡǣޱ
˫ԣ˴иӦ
ৣ~ٿȻ䣬ͫΧռ糱ˮӿǵ˷ѹ
ãַ˫Ȼ
Ǻĵʼˡ



2230 ɹ
޾ѹ̮µܽѹ顣
ַǿɿ۷鼶ҲзǳµӴѹ𽥵ģ˷ǽƴмѹš
Դʹַ岻Խس
ѹǰδеľ޴ֲ
֮ǰȫ޷Լڵǿȣȫܲס
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ܷɹͿˣַ˫
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2231 ˮһս
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60%
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۷ڵػʹѹڶȫͬƷ׺ԴʯһΡ
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~~~
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갵֮ʮԴȥʮַ꣬ɷ֮׶ޱȴԣպ«ѪuǷ֮׶ûıȣԼǳɹˡ
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ʵϣַԼҲš
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콵¶ȫＫޣԵϣԡػ֮Уʱַǳһͷʯ
֮ħȫ϶Ϊһһ˲谭׶μޣ޾˲ƿ׶Ρ
~~~
һ֧֧ħ֮ʢ֮ħޱޡ
֮ǰ֮ѹƵȫַŨ֮Ԫأͺƾ㻷ƣ͸Ժڹ⣬ضɱ¾ɲ
һ˫ͫѪ⣬԰ħַŨ̲֮ȫ
ֱַժȡϵعʵʳʱǽףӳ˳е飬һж֮ǰԤƵһģһ
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ҪʣҲҪ˼ַ˫ͫâֱӰסˮ壬ʼȻˮųޱ߹âǱܵķ
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ֻذΣҲʮǿһܴڶģֻмֻء
ģûһɹ
ΪǱڳɳǰǣıҪ͵ö࣬ʮֹѶֱֲ
һұضַܴУ͸žġ
ΪԼǿľ꣡



2232 һǣ÷˱
ǣѾ̫
ӡڣһɳǶں֮Ϳ֪̲޾ȱҪӡһʶ̸ס
Ҳַ壬
SͻƣͨһڵڶضǻSʵѾǽ߾һǿ꣬־ǿ
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ֻǵȼSгɹĿܣǶǿһϣͬã
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SѾַ࣬еֻ࣬Sһ˿ȴȻSǿ̫࣬ڶ־󣬸걾ʣǷ㹻ǿǷĺϣõϡ
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һսۡ
ַ޹ɽ㣬Ӳɽա
ԭǿȺʵҲԳɹַӵԴʯһͬڼľػߡ
ΪԴʯĴڣһһĥȥˮǣʶУԶеʶռˮںˣռݡ
ڡˡַꡣ
ǧ꣬Լ֪ôͦģȵһҪƣ۵ö࣬ȫӲعˣüԼΪҪʧܣԴʯдõԼǿȹһѹء
ѹ޾£ֻأ
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ַѺƣĴģ൱ǧޣ۲Ź֡
ߵһԵȥʣһ
ܷɹͿ
䣡޾ʯ٣ռʴ룬ռǿϣӾѪܡ⣬ԼÿһϸĽ١
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ٵ籾Դԭֻǿθˡ
ԴȪ

ַҧأѪĿ
һǣ÷˱㣡
ԼҪǿúһǿѴޣ涼δɵĺԸΪߣ¾ûᣡ
ɱ䣬ǿѪƿȫȥ
ৣ
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ȣ
ԼӵеǱԼ޷ȷ
ǧǰԼڶ̶һٶʮɰ֮ʮԴð֮ħɱ䣬δԼͬҲٴ漣̣ȹܵĽѡ
ⰵںϣ
һɹַͨ죬ͫоѪɫȫħ״̬ռݣӷħħ״̬иãҲ˲ôࡣ
һںʧܣôȻʧܡ
Լû·
Ԩһ㽫֮ء
飬һַ֮֮밵֮ħƽޱȾˣ˷չⰵԪأԡǿ󽻷֮У紦սÿһ붼尾
Ѿļ尾ʲô
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ⰵ죡
ɵһںϣ桶ǬԣԼ㽫
۷壡



2233 ⰵһ
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гţµǿߣҲǷëǡ
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νϣμܹƽ⣬γһ壬Լ֪£ȫ͸Ϊǿ١
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Ҿ
ַ˫ĿѪ¶ʱʶѱħ״̬ȴ֧ţʣʶֻʣһ
~
ԺУޱԾ翪һѾ޴һ޾Ĵţ߳Ƭգ߳޾ĺڰޡ
~~
콵¶ƬΪ֮ҡ
֮밵֮ħڣɢĸоϸȸԾַ˫ͫѪ콥ʧȡ֮峺͸
صԴ޾ȸԾ̩
ַ壬һȫµĵ·
Ѵޣң棬ֱ޵ĵ·
·Ǭ߹ģһѾ֤ĵ·ֻ֤δƵѾǷޱȣãã棬жǿƵ
˵֤֤֮·δҵ
ַ壬̤·



2234 
޾٣ĸ衣
Ķ͡
ַϴȻãã߹ά֣Իжͺͳͷϵɱ飬лܵͷ
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Ͼе֮УΪһ֡
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ͺɫһպ֮Ԫ밵֮Ԫ޷ֱ˴ˣȡĶҵĹⰵѪսʱҲٷġ
ͺڹķ֮ԼսʱʩչʲôõĶǹⰵѪĶǹⰵһ졣
֮ǿ֮ǰںϵ߽׶ʮֹ
پϴɱ䣬֮밵֮ħƽޱȸӣÿһ㶼ϵγǿ塣
ѹ֡Ǭƣɹⰵһ죬ս۷塣ַһЦ
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ⰵһ챾۷ΣԼԭ깥͵磬쵶ȫУԼս֮ǿԶԶ۷塣
ҵΣٽһ㣬ﵽߵ顣
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ǿʵԽǿγɵĺڶԽԽ㡣
ֺڶ֣ΨһЩıܱһַһǵȴʱĵȴڶɳ
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ΣյģǺγɵĺڶǿߵ硣
ܿܲһʶбʵعһУҲεڶǿö࣬ǿǿ߶Ĩɱ
ڵַɱ֣౦ǳϡ٣ֻǳѴ޵Աǵһۿ
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ħǿмƳ󷽣ɴͣԶͬȴȻڶĻ̮
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ʮ꣬Ӵ޾δ̽ĺڰߴ95%ϣвյǿҵ
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Ͼĳ涴ѵɴͨʿռҲҪ꣬ͨɴظ֡
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ǽУҪѰһڶ̫ѡ
ħǿ԰ǷɴҲȷʵ԰ʸ۷ʵҲ㶥ǿߡ
죬ˡ
ʱڸңԶĵطһ黯ںڰеӥüӣһڽеıϬޱȣʵ֮ǿħǿҲ޷֡
ħȡӥüǰħǿڡ
ʾʮǰǿߡһƽؾгĿɳǿߡδѶ䡣
ִ
ӥüӲǿߣǰʶ
۽硢ʵǳˡ
ħڵȣͬҲڵȣ벶ȸںεĺڶͺεĺڶֵͬĺڶȫ˥̮󣬳˿¼ֵƵı⣬һһ涥
ڶԴġ

طϵֱַǰ͵۹
ʵΣȽ˿˿һжû̫仯ߴ۹Ȼ۾ϵǧ궼δҡι̡
Ȼʱϵǿ֮ĩ
ȼʧǿ߼޷ѪҲԽԽϡΣҪⷮȴΪ
Ȩƣֻһաַп
ߴ۹ĵۻʣһҪϵһƽûʲôͬǧ棬Ψʵġ
ӵʵӵоԼ˵
ȥһѣ˳һٶѵɴַٶ״ﵽ٣۶УϵһǿܿӰ
ʵ֮



2241 ֵձչس
͵۹
ַڵ۹ĳǳУϸϸƷζķ顣ڶ͵۹δãϾԼ𲽵㣬һת۵㡣
ʥʶӣһ֪ѡ
بؾ泬ڶؾתתԴޣɽ磬ٵȴԵ
˵ûж͵۹ûڵԼ
ַɣظ顣
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˫ֻһʱߺȻĿһڴϣɢΧһƬ꣬˻Ȼ
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Χһ˵ָָ㣬۷׷ס
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ٿһǶԶһʧ

߳˻깣
źɫеĴ󺺣ǰһƻʹڵɽʶ黯ʣִУЦţϴ¾һׯ԰

ȾңҲ

˷
ׯ԰иĴЦſ޼ɡ
Ѫأׯ԰ˡҶŮʬҰ
󺺵ʵǿʱׯ԰Χ۵٣ʵ֮ϣȴ⣬ް֮ģԮ
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Ϊʲôô˵ַ
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ַ΢΢һ
Լ뿪Ҳ̫ãЩʷƾãһӱ仯֮󣿵Ķ͵۹ʥһ֦㣬ǿ߱
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˵۹Ҫɫˡ
ǵ˲ˣ۹ܲƽ
򿣡
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ʥλǿߣԼبؾвδУƢԹŹֱ壬նɱʥʮʥͷһʱ
ʱֻһˣδӹκû뵽仯˴
Ҫ

ׯ԰ڣŮӾſ־ͻţδЦȫĮһз
ΧΧ۵һǿżм¶̺ͱߣܿš
ǣҵ񹬡
̷ַ꣬üͷ壬ҲǸŭԡ
һַ̾ҡͷֻ̤ׯ԰ÿһͺ˲ư㣬ׯ԰һξ룬ѽ롣
似
ΧĿɿڴ



2242 ֵô
Ҫ嶯̷꾪÷Ӧպڡ
ٿȻׯ԰ڴ󺺵էȻֹŮ΢΢ٺлӣлȣ
Χǿɫ׽ӣֱҡͷ
ʵǿҲܽɱɱô
ǿ񹬵ĸӹɣ
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㼯һʥʥǿߣ޼ɣ˭Ƕ·һǷ·𿴼ǸĽ֣֮أúܲҡ
϶ȥͨ籨š
ǵģɲǺǵģҪùˡ
ĵͬģ֪ģһʱӢˬΪزʶˣԼСˣֵô
һ˵֮Աǡ
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ַׯ԰еʱԭȵĴϨĿɨһ˵ȣַ嵭Ȼߣ֮ġ
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Ķ͵۹仯̫
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߰ɣֵܣԭַߵȰ֪һ⣬ǲ𰡣ǵİڰ졯ʵѽӽʥߣء
ǶĿڶ࣬ղмķ֮ǰȥͨ籨ţܿǿֵ߱ߣҲûˡ
ϵ񹬵ߣӵĺҲûá
һȻҲΪַϧ
Ҳпų֮ģκʱˣƸһܹҡǿͷĴʲô֮ǰѪܵӡ
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ʱҲΪʲôһǿˡҡůȴ񹬵̫ѹǿߴûǷء
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ﲻ˶ַΪ֮Աǡ
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񹬣͵۹ηĶ٣˵һСëϢƽƽ֣ҪǰԺ˭Ȩ
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һ˲䣬ռ䣬ռƾճ֣ɫŭëȻǿ˲ɱʬ޴档
һļž



2243 ʵ
вԱС
ǣͬǡ
ܣ֮УһڱȫòžѹǰһĻ޲Ŀ࣬ġ
ˡ
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ÿһ˿ڶһģһȫǱնףʵǿİڰ졯״Ϊң类һͷʳͷʣɢ
ղŷʲô
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ɱһֱַӱ˲ƣǰʥ
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Ӱ˲ʱʧ

ׯΰĴУһΡʯ񣬾ʯ˵ʱһһŮӰϸϸ̸š
ʦܣҪôüë𣬺ǵǡ
ҵı䡣ƽ΢Ц
һڳ̬ѾȷôǺʧģ޷΅ˣΪµܵߵǵƽ١
ַʦܽʵ΢츳ҲԶַʦܣΪһҲǿ
û뵽긴һ꣬صŽԽԽƽȴԽԽ죬ͻƳΪʥߣڰǰΪʥһ۾
ʦӦ֪ҲںЩƽЦ
Ŷַʦһģӿ̳ġ΢΢֣һۡ
ƽݸʦֿɱˣؾʱʥʵڲŴﵽʥ
ߵƽһۣ˼ʦ츳һͿˣ
ҲҡƽʦúܣһʵʦڣҲôΪΪ
˵úãʦܣ~ˬЦ쳹
ƽٺ߾ϲĿУַ建ӵ̤롣



2244 ȥο
ʦܣʦ֣
ߺƽپϲӭȥ
˴˼꣬ñطǻޱȣһַ꣬ҲǿģǺƽֵ֮ܣڵʱѲս
Щȥ˰֣ƽٿЦһȭֱַؿڡ
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ܵأʦܣܵлôȲ

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ǽؾֿˣ֮зչҲδַܵĻʱһͷ¶ʧ֮ɫ
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ѡҵ𡣡۳ٲȻϣȻܵڣųϥߣ
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ɽڣûաɫȻϵѶʥ֮·ѷɲԣһУֻ˰ʥҵ
۳ߣӹ˳γԻٸվܳɹѳҲ۵㣬档乶棬Ҷƴһսʯ٣
ǺοأֱҡͷģԲࡣ
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ৣ۳ϸ߾֡
ͬʱ䣬ƽҲԥؾֱ֣ôϰ̾޿κΡãһɫƣȧǸ͹ĳϾ֡
Ʊ



2245 ʥ
Ŀǰʮһʥǿ˵ֻҪеĸϾ֣ϡ
ȻڳЩѱЩɵ񹬵ǿʵЩʹվͬһߣԴΪأиоöδһ˾֡
Զ۳Ϊףֱֻ۹ؾţԵùԮ
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ǻжӲΪǿȨƽЦŸ͵ַվ˳ȫַ忸ţٴ궼Ȼ
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ַЦƽ٣˵ͷĿɨˣͻתҪôԣҾͺǽأⳤҲˡ
۳һ㶡
ڳҲһ£ַ֪«ʲôҩ
ңҪַܵ쿪ڡ
䣡~
壬һ֮㵵ַ塣
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㣡ƾʲôܵ«ͷһ۾ֱɡ
ַ㡭ЩݣȻ˵ÿϵȷгΪܵʸ񣬵ҪڳͶƱҶдײſԣҡ
һиôַ΢΢һЦֱӴϡ
ڳ֮Уɣֱء
ƣһ֮гϣأ֤Ī֮Ϊʥܵκ˲飡
ַȻصȻ
ǿߣ޲壬ȻĲ



2246 Ѿ
ô
ʥŹַ壬˵һ֮ԿгϣʲôЦǿʮһʥǿߣ
ৣৣৣ
һڳ۾ȫս
ַǳƣȫЩϷһʮһЦʥδʵй
һ㶼ܵӰˣɴλϽ档
ַȴȫĮӹķʽֹܵƣǺݺڳһƣ˰ʥһơ
֮ܲ⣡
⣡һֱ۵ĴϺͶ۳Ҳסˣȫû뵽ַͻҪ󡪡֮ܵλ
һܵʧٺ󣬰ʥȺס
ڳȷм֮ܵλκλʵãԵѣֻû⹱ף֮ܵλһֱա
ֵַܣ᲻᲻̫ã۳ϳվַһߣҲַ֪⣬ϾΪܵгͳܵϽԲҪͶƱ
һʮһûκӮĿܡ
ǿʮһʥǿߣôӮ
Ҵĵ۳ϲϣַս˴־ͬϣַ۳Ϸǳ⡣
ַһУҪִ۳Ͻòս
һڵʥҲ˽ʦ߸Ǿþδع
ΨƽЦݣȻ
Ȼַ֪ʵ̶ֳȣַ֪ԸްնȻ˾Ȼַ˳֤ʵ
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ַ壬Ƿٿһ£ԺΪҲԸս
ǰֵַܣһɡ۳һκʹվͬһϡ
ַһЦѾ
Χһ꣬ڳսһٵرƣл
Ǻðɡϳ̾һҲΣڳϵˣǳȥ䳡мǵ棬˽ȫԸ
ȻڳĦȭƣһй
ߡ۳֪˵
ٿء
鷳ˣɡַ屳˫֣Ȼڣٿ˫һһǿ˷ˣֱӽڳһȦɢ
ͣ~
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ڣٳһƬճ֮
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Цɣ
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ˣôڳϣ˲Ź֡
ʮһһҷΧôСôܴùַ峤οֿԡ
ڵʥ۷׷ף߼ȹϵϡ
㵽ʲôʦܣԲַ֪⣬ʵ˵ʮһʥһǧһʥǿߣַԶ㲻ʲô
ַ岻룬Ǹ
ҡַ΢ЦڳϣֻҪң䡣
أ
ַԣȼڳϵŭ
ʱؾһſֲϬеʥ޲𣬵ɴ۾עǰ
ͣͣͣ
йһھַһ׵ľʧͺƱԪռûƵģַ屳˫ֵֶȤûС
ɶ񣡡
ô£
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һվϵ˵ʥǿߣ¾ͺˣϷ㣬ʲôǿ߷緶߾ȫȻͯѧҡҡλΣ˵ַ壬һĹûС
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ʱףַŴӺζ
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䣡䣡¡
ڳЪ˹ʱȫ˼Ͼսƴ澡ʧ׹ŭ壬ȴСһ㡣
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ǿַ岻ǵõһϵĳԲŻ˲
ٿȻַ֪ۼʶʵԶܿ
˴˲̫
һֱ˫ֵַ嵭ȻһЦʱ𣬺֣ޱƴսбնֱ񷣬ʱͻ䣬޾ڰ֮С
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ѹֲ̫
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һڳϳܲסϥأɫ𺧡
ַ粻ʣɣȻڳУ죬κһɺ



2247 ͼʲô
һУܾڳϡ
ַǿ𾪵еʥߣµʵ¶ֻǱɽһǣԶԶϵΡ
ʥǿߣҪԿַͬ۵
ݼܵ۳ȸߺ¶ϲ䱻ַȴκԹһվַһߣַʵȫ
̫ǿˣ
ǵյܵҲûʵһʮһʥ˵ַֻһС
۷һܿһ
۹޼᲻ݣٿģڳϳ⣬δˣȴܵó׵ס
ݼܵ
ݼܵ

Ŷ۳ͷãʥ߶ʱתǵϥأ֮ɫѺԡ
ַ壬ǿʵȫϣǿƵǶ
ԲĹףòʵȫԽһʥĳϡ
һܵʥеλąҲ
ַ壬ȴ쵽ˡ
ɾ䣬һжʤ
ݼܵڳɫѿ´ѶĵһУܵҲѭοֻǳϡ
ַֻķʽǣһڳ䳼ȴԹͷŭǿš
ϾǼˡ
΢ͷ­һŲ԰׵ӴŲޣַĿɨȥȻһЦ᲻֪ҲΪʲôʥΪܵġ
ǸλãµҲ㡣
ԴԼȫν
ΪѹԼûλãҲλá
ɡַƽֲɵǿƣξһǿߣ崺磬շġ
ڣҪ䲼ҼλܵһҲΨһһ
ַڴУΡľʯ·һڳϼʥ޲Ȼַ֪«ʲôҩ
ңҪλ
ʱ֮ܵλƽٵΡ

أ
ƽһס
ڳʥ޲Ȼŵһ۾뵽ַͻȻѾţ֮֮ܵλƨɻûȥֱӴλˣ
̫
ƽԼҲס
ɴ۾ַ壬΢΢죬ָԼЩ
ַЦߵƽԣļ򣺡ʦܣԺʥͿˣúһЩ㲻Ҫģ
Ϣ
ܿ죬ϵٲ񹬣ˡ
һ䣬ַ岢δѹߡ
ֹǶƽٵǶڳгϺʥ˵Ӱһʥߵм䴩ʧڴͷһڴľǿߣξ
ûɣ

뿪ʥ
ַ漴ǰ񹬡
оԲˮһ򿣬ԼڷƽԼʦܣԵһ֮ԼţʥʦƽȨѵġ
ʵǱұԼġ
ԼӹܰʥΪڣֻһζǿѹʱڵȷʲô⣬ȥһ鷳
ʦƽټξͲһ
һڳϻȽ׽ܣΪԼƽڳĴɵ±ضηʥߣΪʦܱǳϣʲô⡣
ৣৣৣ
ַ˲ƣѰλá
ŵķλϵߴ۹ǳǳطֲȣʶңַܿפأ۹ıԵλá
ռʮ޴ϵ
ö֮ȫ޾۹
ߺˣ
վڣ񹬵أ
Ҵߣ
һǿֺÿһʥߡ
ߴ۹Ψʥ߲ʸΪ񹬵һӣϵʵƸ߸ϡ񹬵ȫɱһ۹ȡ֮
䣡ͣ˺
ֱӹ顣
ڶɱַ壬˲䱻Ĩɱһ˿̤񹬵طΧַϢɢ
ǿ߻治١
˲ٹ򡣡
ַ嵭ȻһЦ
ϢѰƬأܿҵԼҪҵϢ
Ϊֻһ
ӦþˡַӦģǺƿԽϵɵļޡ춴ࡣ
򿱾Ϊ춴༫ޣʥλ
ȥͻƳΪƿ߿ν˳˳ˮʵǸϵǿߣһġ
Ҳ֡
ǿʵҪȡһ౦׾٣ֻҪʲô⣬뿪ӳڶǧ棬ػ
ƫƫҪ
ַҲǲ
ӳڶѣ߳ȥҪ࣬ΣҲٺܶࡣ
ʵҲ֪ӳڶĩڣƫƫ뿪
ͼʲô



2248 񹬣
ڣһƬ컡
ټľƳ֣޾ŮжŴɫ֮ζһǿ޾ȫڴˣ˼伫֣֪伸Ρ
񹬵ĺĴһȫյйУȴǹ¼Ŷ򵥡
ûκݻҲûݺݺ࣬ɫеֻŨµһֻӰһսӡ
۷춴ʵﵽƿߡ
ϵУȫ޵УֻҪԸ⣬ķһЩܳưϵûôߴ۹ȻΪϵǿ򿲢δ̫ҹơ
ʳһ㣬ԴգĻ
ţе͵ۣ¶Ⱦ֮ɫ
Ȼֱ¶һ˫ͫ͸ŨŨҰģ絶촽һ˫ս˫ȭսɢ
ħĺᡣ
ֹӵǿѪžԣħ徫һ
ɱʮʥȫһ
ÿµʵ
ǿ򿣬Ҳеսľ
ߵʵԶԶϣжٽԼԼܻҲҪķһ
ȴ׾٣ΪƣΪꡣ
Ȼ죬ˡ򿳤һɵһԭ򣬲ҴŰϵѡĻ
ΪԶ֪ĳһ䣬Ƿűµǿߡ
~~
ռ䲨һӰ漴С
һ꣬ɫȻ˿ûΪİаţͥܡ
վϸϸ꣬Ȳ˵Ҳ
Ϊ֪Ķ֡
򿣿ַĿƳĸߴӣȻϢδ¶ԼʵΪƿߡ
ǰȻַ忴٣֮Ϊȡ
ַʵԸǿ̬ǫѷҲΥ棬ǡνֲЦˣʱһֱһ֣Ϊˡ
㵹ǴַƳ򿡣
ҡǸףǰմ
ַ塣ַ֣Ҳû
ַ壡üһʱܶطսԷΪֵ֪ϸַʵԭǸգԼɵ
ַһЦ
Լ˲򵥡
ҽСģҲΪʲôʥǿ߷׷䣬Ȼúúõģˣϰ߸Լһ֣Է仯
Һܺ棬Ӧ֪ϵѽӽޣֱַ򿣬Ŀ˸˸ʵȫ뿪ӳڶԱࡣ
Ϊ㲻ߣ
Ҫ񹬣㵽ʲô⣿
ͼģʲô
ַȻһߡ
üͷ΢΢һšƺжԲߣǽͣǰˡ˶ҰģҪһƿеζһˡ
Цһ鷲ˣҲħȨʧ˷򣬰
ǰ·Դ˺ػú÷ʡɢ񹬣̿
ַ򿡣
ܳϿңȴˡ
ٵֻΪԱ
ԣ㲻˵ַ
⡭ͷ亹򿲻ǰȷʵδͼϵڴ˳ɳǰҲ֮ˣ֪һǿ߶ԣĵĹ
뿪ϵ
꣡
εס򿣬ɫһף¶ֻ֮ɫ
ַһ֣֪˴ʵࡣ
һ㣡
һƿߣַǰͺһֻϰ㣬һԭΪʵУܲڲŷ֡
ȫ֮
Ҹһλᣬ˵ǲ˵ַ嵭Ȼ
ǰɫ׽ӣһʱѬģ˺ܶ£ǰˡаû֮ģضֲȥ
꣡
ɴ۾ŵҪ˵ȴ˵һ仰
˫ͫ崹£ڵϣϢ͸͸
㷸Ĵǧζַ֪ӼҪ⣬̬ǫԼԣȫǷϻ
ļԣַһʼûˡ򿡣
񹬡
һЩԭͲӦôڡ
Ϊ㲻˵ҾͲ鲻ôֱַĨȥʬ漴ݻ񹬣ϵǧĿ죬ȥĸ졣
ûٲԻ͡
ʣµɢ£ܿᱻߴ۹ɱʧ
ЩͲҪԼˡ
ϵʲô𣿡
ֻߣӳڶ˥ը̮ʲôһ
ַܺ档



2249 ߺˣ
񹬵Ĳ伮ıַϸѰûеõʲô̫õϣһЩϣԭѾ֪
Ʃ磬ӳڶΪεĺڶ
ΪΣӳڶ𲽳ɳ˥ĺڶһվޣ̮ըջһᾧ塪
ڶԴġ
Ʒ׸ͬһ㳬ڶ̮ըµĺڶԴǼƷҲȥõõĺڶԴģһ¸
ȵӳڶ̮ըŻγɡ
ֻᱻӳڶıըɣֻҲ⡣ַӳڶ˥ĩһӲд
ֻҪɵģֻάôһɲǣҲᷢƵĽ߾ȫ
̰ӳڶֻʶжӶҪԶһӳڶɣҲˡ
׼ȷص֪ӳڶ˥ʱ䣬һըʱռʱַ尵⡣
Уôǳðա
һӳڶѸٽ˥ĩʱҲδӵóԽӽӳڶԽԭƿѣĩ׶εʱȴδء
Ѱ
ַôһڡ
˽СĵԸޱ䣬֪Σ֣֮һֵðյĲ֡
ңջضڸ
ַ˼ܣƶ
ΪԼԸи伮ռǳ֮࣬ǹϵģоɵģȱȫĶܶࡣ
񹬳꣬ȴ˶ĵ伮ʣ
ҪѰʲôأַܺ棬Ϊ⼫пܾϵеԭڲҪõѶϢ
һʱ̼䣬Լ޷ҵ
ˣʱһ߰ɡַ棬Ҳûô࣬ϾԼʵβ޴ҪõģܶԼ˵ֻǼߡ
ҪǣԼкܶҪν˷ʱ䡣
ʥʦܣͲҪٷġ
һ˶͵۹ӣȻ͸ûءַʵҲ̫żӳڶ䴦˥ĩڣδʼķɡ
֮ʱ仹ܳԣ뻹ꡣ
һɣĩյĿʼֱԴɵһɶκԴӳڶᡮ
Ҳ̮ըõʧ֮С

͵۹
̻ԻͣǽĹУò輧裬һʦ֮һǿýЦŮƣֽԡ
ϣһŨüۣͷڵӸ߾پƱЦ֮£Ժͽλ³ɺ󣬱λ
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ʮΪ񹬸ӹհ´񹬷ҵȱضЧң谭ٵǻλ
һǿ߽ԸӦӣ¶Ұġ
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֪׼ּҪ̫֮λҵǴ͵Ϣһѡ
϶ңԼػ£ſź֮ġ
Ҫ̫Ҳ˾ػĥݣһػôӣΪ۹ºͣʲôȲ򣡡
λֹҪ̫֮λ

ҧгݣػг⡣
ʡ
ཨһУһԭΣʶΪǿɱٱҲһޣֻɱ򣬱һ˰ˡ
֮Ψһ̫ӡ
͵۹֮λĪ
ڵˣ򣡡ػ¶һеǷԼƻоԵģˣӡ
ٿء
أ
֮鿪һɫӰ̤룬ͥɫȻȻͣһ˵ȾĿЩ
ߺˣػüͷ΢أߺȵ
ɫӰ΢ȻһЦ̧ͷ
ȡˡ



2250 
۹ʹ
ʥٱкػλ̫ӱչ˼Ҷģʱ򹬵УͬۼΪƵǿߣŶԲߡ
̫ӣΪǿ
ǰ̫ӣȵõϢѾ׼֣ڡɽɡϵׯȸӹ񹬵žҪ̫
ٸ֮ˣ̫ӣ
һڴ󳼿ģἺɡ
ȻüͷһԲһ԰ʥһ续߳ӣṬţʵѴʥ
һҲпѿ
Щ󳼲֪Ǻ̫ǲΪǿԭͲػҸ̫ǳ
аʥͱػɱ
Ӵ󣬽ʥȫѹƣػΪǻλѰ񹬣˳˴
Ḿ֮ʣ
򱳸˫֣̾һνɸΪ֮Ϊ̫ӣøٱϲͻȻУʲôû£Ҳ
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ݱܷâδǻ¡
ҡҡͷ˵λãӦ˴֮ҥԣڵ۹žͲ磬һȻǺգͬʱҲʧȥһС
ҷǾλΪԸҲɣο
촽һ⡣
˻ȴ֪֮ʮ֮˾žǴػΪ
һ֮߱ϻλ򲻸ʣ
£ȴ޼ƿʩ
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ǶʢʱڵİʥԾһУ±ѹƣʥԹ˶Ͼܰ٣
ʹػ̫ӡ
վ̬˵ʥʵѲ̫ࡣ
һƬ֣žϢһڴ󳼺ǿ߶ǣ˼ԲߣҲȫ֮ߣȼü֮
콵漣ɡԳһЦ̬ǲ
ʲôµģֻҪӡֻвһɵĻᣬƴס
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ַɡЦ۾´ַ壺ʵг֪ȣ˭һЩ֣
俴͸ַǳ츳ѷɫַ壬ѳΪʥַҲʥǿɡ
ֹӱˡ塣
ΧһƬȻ˾ַ壬֪ʵǿĺǴðġ
ʵԽǿ֪ԽҲﲻѣЩƾŻʹԴĵرõĵ伮ط֮أճʥǿߡ
¼ַ壬֪֮ȫ֮
ַʵԶܿ
棿ϲַ壬ҵˣǰ˲¶࣬ѣһˡ
СַЦ
һ᣺ǫˣҲµĿܲ׼˵ǻм١Ϊ֮ˣңڣȴıά裬˱˿ˡ
˵ţҡҡͷ
ôءַЦǼ͵۹Ȩһĵۻʣ˹ϲˣ̫ӣŶԣӦøĳƹ

һ㶣Ҳһ
ڴ󳼸Ǵ۵Сַۣ֪˵ʲô
ֿܸջ֪ӦЦ۹ܣΣػͬΪ̫ӣ֡
ַ֪ͷϣػѾˡ

һ¡
ˣôģɵۡ
ձɱˡַƵᣬһƬ֮Բ۾ַ壬·һƵġ



2251 ʱ
һƬ
ǿ̫ػλ̳ߣ
£ȴƲһֻϰ㣬赭дص·ȾͲȣɱɱѴ֮
֪̫ػǿƣʥҲᣬⰵбʥǿ߾кü
̫ػʮСĽ붼˵ɱǽӽѱȵ졣
ļٵģ
һ˵𾪹ַʮֻɣϾǴδϵһǿߡ
˵ģòŻַ壬ԭյһӾͱˣ̺죬ʱȫһɡ
ַͷĵҲ˳һ֡
һ֣΢΢鶯
ַߵЩɱˣˣûͷʣϺзΪѳɴơ
ߵģ˫ͫﲻѣЩǸӹ񹬵ǿߣȫˣ
Ӧðɡַͷ
һ
֮ǰɣǾȥ
ò˵ĺ꣬˵ȫģ
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񹬿ʼжѹưʥ̫Ȼҡҡ׹
ʱػˣ̫޶֣ȻȻܵϻλΪ͵۹ι
Ǽʱ꣡
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2259 ̰֮ʱ
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2260 
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2261 Ϊ
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2262 
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ַ޹ⰵ죬ϾѪУǬġǬָƪ⡢ʣⰵ֤ƪָںϣǬطƪ¼޾⡢طǬԴĹⰵںϵط
˵طҪԴ㹻ǬĹⰵںϵطϵߣ㷢ӲȫֻҪܷӳɣս൱ǿˡ
ںط̤ڶٿʼ
ԵڶΪһĻںط°빦ĽǡΪɹϵ֮ĹʵֶΡ
ɫУǿ
Ȼںγ㣬ǲṩȻѪڵ׶μޣΪͣٵԭ
ַ
һԼοԽɫҲһﵽ߽׶Ρ
ɹϵ֮ĹûеƣҵսҲλ񣬾۷ǿߣҲһս֮ȫ򡣡
һҪ
ΪַУһ۷ѾǶսǿ߷ǳϡ١Լʱ룬էܻкܶ鷳ʵһԡȫĲΣȽϺá
ߣԼٶ۲һ£ӳڶ֮Ƿȶ
߻ǿߣӶźǷ񻹻ǿ߽롣

ӳڶ⡣
ûӶţֻʣħȺͺնڵȴһǿߣһǴͼ壬û۷ǿߣλǿȴΪ٣ͳ򸣬ͳͻµȣ峤Ȩѽӽ۷塣
֮󣬻һںڰеӥüͬڵȴ
벶ȸں
黯ѱ棬ڰľǿħȶ޷٣Ҳзǽ硣
ƺЩԾӥüӡͫüͷ΢΢š
ǧȥٿǰⳬڶЩ仯ȴ˵˵λ߻ԶԶδ׿ⳬڶ͡
˥ڵһЩܱ䡣Ҳûϡľḻײϳڶ̮ըҲͷһΡ
ۣԺģ⽣طڣȫ½С
ʵΪпڶ仯ħȺͺնǿ߸ǿϾֻǿúڶɽһǣ˥ĩڵĺڶѾȫҪ۲ϼѡ
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Σն̫ߡ
Ӷţȥǧôն峤ȨΪħȵĴڣʶǧĸȶġ
ǵģ峤ͳͻ
Ȩ룬һɫս׼ΪĿ͸űϢĿԵ򸣬쿪ڣ򸣬ô
ǰִֵıǴͳ򸣬еһǿߡ
а˳ɼ䡣ͳɫȻӶգУΪıǻȡڶпܴڵı
ǧѹȲεıӶŵҵڴôá
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ͳͻԥ᲻ǵħߣԾõҲ
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˵ͷ
οǵҪĿǺڶԴġ
ܵסڶըıʱҲ֣֮ļ١
ȴǵĶֻһ
ᱦϣܴ󣡡
峤ȨĿȵ
ǣ峤նǿӦ



2264 
ʥﳤǡ
Ҫ뿪ˣںڰ֮УȻ
ǵġַ΢Цͷ
ǧջС˵ͽܣkǳ⣬ȫ̳²ʤ
֮ǰİʦ֣ҲԶ
ǿչַ
Ľǵ֮Ĺطθߣѵöࡣռ䶨ŲԼķ˰˰֮꣬ĹԼﵽСȴķǧꡣ
ڻԵɺ£ȫ״̬Ȼ궼ܡ
ʵǿߣÿһķʱ䶼
ӣԼѾǧֻ꣬պСһ֡ȻջҲǲƣ֮ĹϺɫѪɳΪԼɱС
뿪
šַͷ
뿪ӳڶ
һֱӴӳڶ뿪δڣӳڶδ񣬿ռң뿪Ǻѣͨǿ߱ɳס֮˵Լ
͸뿪
Ϊﳤϵ򣬌ﳤһԼ͸ﳤֱӽʦ͸뿪
Ȼλòͬܽ
뿪û⣬ҵ㣬
Ϊʲôַ岻⡣
Ϊ˶Իػڣǿߣ޷򿪣һƿػﳤǣ޷ı䡣
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ѹְʦѶ
뿪ףٻȴҪӳڶѣ֮ȥӳڶ
⡭ַͷˡ
֮ԼҲһ
뿪Ǻףô죿ԼиӦ֮Ҫҵӳڶλ̸ס
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ʮ꣬̽һǶ
ҿһ¡ַ˼
áȻûжĻ
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ô
˵ĵһС
߽Ҳ˼֮С
Ϊ֮飬kûô飬ҲֻǱ˵Ĺϵ

ѡ
ַԣĸѡ񣬶ֻξ
뿪ȫ
ӳڶ뿪Σա
ǰ߻زʦڣķĹ¶Ʋƿһƽ١
߻ˣ뿪ӳڶɲǱɶ㣬ʱֱͨĽǡռŲƶ
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ʵҲûԥ̫ãΪԼԣʵǸѡ⡣Լ֮Ҫ뿪ϵҪĿľΪѰҾϵķ
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뿪ӳڶ
ܶࡣ
Ӧÿһԡ
ʲôʣڵʵҲֵܵһ󣬴ӻӳڶǣƾƣ۷ǿߣҶһս¡
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ֻǱƵǲ·ģǱмֵȺڶԴĵļֵߡ
ң޷ɱ൱鷳


оˣַ塣
ַ΢΢ǵģǰ
ܺڣһţȥɣ·Ѿ޷ָ㣬һģĪԡҪʣַ֪Ĵ𰸻һ
ǣǰַ帩ס
һΪʦΪʦ
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~~ǰһŵɫˮмһξѪַһֽӹˮ򡣡
ʦֵˮ͸ˮ򣬾ʱܸӦʦֵλá
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ײʦ֣ԼܸӦ˽ʦҲ͸Լ֪ӳڶλãһ棬
֮󣬾ˮҪҲ׵¡
ҪǣȣԼȹһء
ӳڶ⣬ǿߡַռ˲ʱϵռ꣬ĽǽпռŲƣ˲ʱ֮С
ӳڶӽܶࡣ



2265 
ৣৣৣ
һƬڣһ泬ڶУȿ£Ȼȴ޷ַϢԺƿ߶ԣ˥ڵҪȫֵַȴ۷塣
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ӳڶĳˡ˲ƣķʮʱ䣬ַҵλãⲢʲôֻҪеģܵסӳڶ֮Ѱá
սΣǴ뿪ӳڶɲǿʼ
ַйâʱһȻ֣֮Ӱַ˲ʱʧУӶŵɴ
ϷӳӶŵıʶ
Լһİ뿪ӳڶȻ鷳ӶŵɴУĳɻء
ȻҲһһ롣
ϾЩǿ߶ǿӶŽģôֱӷɳζʲô
ַԺʱֹʮֿܣԼҲ㣬·׼ֻǸӼᶨ
һ
ַɴ
ʱ貹â֣ɴáǿƼԶʤϵɴ㲻϶⣬Ѿ൱ˡ

ӳڶ⡣
ħźɫսףͷǣۣ֮粻ħ񣬰ɣм䣬һɫ΢΢͹̲ǿ˫ֻأŭ
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ʮնǿɴϣ¹۲졣
ĺնǿߣ峤Ȩͳ򸣬ɴĿƼṩѵɴͬǶġ
Ϊǿ߶ԣڳʱ;Уز١
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ǰһƬģʲôÿ
û˼Żһΰ࣬õȺþãιɽȿţҴȡ
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žɴɳٶȼ죬ͣҲ죬ħ˲䣬ͣ¡ƫеںնԣ
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ĸСඣħĥĥݣǿɴϷǣӶŶбʶһ
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ʵȷɱӶţԭ޳ԹȴĿŵɱһӶţӶţǻӶˣԼĳЩǿӶ֯Ĳ
ߣӶźܡؿźն壬ԼһߣħҲ֦ºͺնϡ
аӮɱնǶʱ䣬ڶϢ
ħţҲ֪бʵǿıȱȽǣ˵зǽЩǿߣҪɱһֻϡ
Ӷţ
ǵûΪأû뵽ţ
ǧˣڳˣ
죬ȥͳ峤
նǿ߷ӦһɴĴſ
ʱ䣬һӿ롣
ټУʱֶһɴͣƺƽۣӶδӳڶǬ䡣

ϴģһħȣ
ɱʦԪ֮һ
ַ˫U
͸ɴ̽ǣӫֳħȵģҲǾɡԣӶħչϸ顣
ҪΪʦַȻϵԪס
ħȡ
ֱӽߵģԼԺУʶһ֪³ͻȻַȫû뵽ӳڶģɱʦԪ֮һ
ȫѹ
۷塣ַ˫ɫȻ
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ӱʮ겻
ַһ漴ƽ
ԼҪŰʦʮ궼ˣѵںôʱô
ǱǺն壬Ĵ壬峤ȨΪλʵӽ۷壬Ӧڲ֮䡣ַϸϸӶµĵѶϢܿµľơ



2266 Լߣ
һĲ
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ӶŵΪرӳڶ⣬ȻʮѲĶ֣ҺֹܿܲһӶգӳڶ
ʵҲȷ
Ǻն廹ħȣԶӶǡ
ַһԼӳڶгڳƱػעĿǼðӶţˮ㣬Ҳòȥ
ܲпᣬǿΪ˭Ҳ
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Լߣ
ͣǿճǼƣħȺͺնΪԼӳڶһ񣬰˶顣ϢıڶԴġ
ɹһ롣ַħȵķӦһ
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ħȺúƣնǱ߾ûôˡħȱֻħȲθߣõģںģԶȺնߵöࡣ
ͨħȸۣö֡
ħȿӶҪмƷһͿˣĻաгڶջҲջ񲻴
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ֻǴͼ壬Ƕ壬оҡһȺĿɲ٣ССãдãδػưոݡ
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ʢɴǺնõɴӶŵɴͬһΣΪ峤Ȩר
ʱͳ򸣬ͳͻµһںնǿߣΧ峤ȨߣһȻ
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ⲽɴ֮УȨüͷ𣬳˼š
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ڣͳ򸵥ϥء
ȡȥһ壬ڶԴһһ롣峤Ȩ£ںնǿһɫ΢䡣
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ͬôͳ
Ը⣬֡峤Ȩһ񣺡ߣҪҳħȣô
ǣ峤ͳȥ
߷֣
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֪ӶûõõʲôȨ͸ɴөĻĿԶвſ֮ɫ

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㶦֮ƣʮ֡ȵºȶмɵַ˵Ѿ˳ȹһأԳһ
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2267 ģϵͳ
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ҪɴҲס
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ģϵͳַ忪ڡ
ǣˡ
ɴܷʱһַ壬Χ粨ƣһƿƣһռ䣬Եԣˡ
ܵ¹ַ峢һ£ǳ⡣
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⡢50%ַ
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ԭռڷӵʱתɹ⡢ռ50%ռϵͳԴԴϣַ档
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100%ռ
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ɴǳ⣬ģϵͳǱǧӽֻתֻ̫˵ܶȲ
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100%ռ˵ȷ㡣
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УɴǱرƷ

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̤ף䣺֪ȹ˼ɣģڶԴˣºȱز鷳·
ǣǰ򸲻ٶ˵



2268 ж
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Ŀǳ֪ν
Ϊ˺ڶЩӶŶ㲻˵ıӬͷС

ʱħڣԶʢɴΪɴΪ·һצ㣬νɴм䣬ɴͬʱͷųռƬȫ
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ɴ
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һյյ𣬲ͣתá
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2269 Դ
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2270 Ա
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2272 ·
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2273 ͷȨ
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2274 ϧ
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2275 Ǵٰ
Уַ˼Բߡ
һһȴһһر񶨣ÿһƵ⡪
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2276 Ǯֵ
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2277 Ӣά޶
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췢ӡִͯ󺰣Ҳַһۣ漴ָͣæֹϸȷά޵άޣļ⣬ϵиһ֪ǳĬʮ㡣
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ά޹άޣ۹ۣԽңһַ֮ǰѯʹɴܣȻֱһҵع7ϵɴαҪء
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㿪弶άޣС׬һʣȻȥһĿĵء



2278 ˣСӣ
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˷֣Ȩҧıһ⣬ԭ߷ܵõѾ࣬һѩϼ˪
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֪ͨȣֹɴ˾ά޶ӵȨһȥħȣϾǱ޼϶ֻΪڶԴΪС
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2279 ֮
ַֹһͶӰϵͳʾģܼ黯ֹɴ˾ľӢά޶Ӷˡ
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2280 ʹûУ
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԰Ŀңͯɴ޸ֻʣβһ鼴ɡ˵䣬ѷԸһά޶Ա⣬󾫡
ΪӢά޼ʦͯһ˿κδ
һ˫ֻأ翴Ц㿴ַ壬ַ·ƴĻ棬ĪˬֲٿһеĿС

Ϊֹɴ˾ô׼ô
ÿһάԱǸӢеľӢˣеƼǳϤÿһԪӢĽؿˣ¼ȡ֮һûС
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Ϊʥ֮֮һ
ޡַ岻ÿɷӦһ
ԭû̫ϣǿǸֹɴ˾зǽһͷôü룬ΪԼҲֻǹһԡ
ϲ߲УֻвߡַƳ΢΢һЦ
Լֱɱ˶Էһ˰ˣѺƤԴСֺƷֻᣬпɳ֮
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2281 ̫
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ٷϻ˽ǲһӣͷʧȥģȺͯ˺Ƥٿףֹ֮ɴ˾ȴ¡
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2283 עûн
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ͣ˳ƻĿɿڴӣѪһƬ



2284 Ǹûгô
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һ֮ʢͯɭȻӶַ壺Ǹûгô



2285 ǷǮ
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Ҹֹɴ˾սԱõǾӢƣʿͱĴ󲿣뽫Զͯᡮһ
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2286 ѡ
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ǰŵùʮұ㽫˫ַϣκλر
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ʮ꣬ӳڶΣѼ
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˵ǾӢά޼ʦ׬Ǯףһ㣬һһѪǮ1000澧˵ͬһʾ޿
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ûӳڶ£Ǹѡ񣬾û1000澧Լķʮʱ䱨֮ҲӦá
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ͬǣߣ˲ѡ񡣡
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û˷ʱϣڲھɱ㡣ţɱֱɽƬռ·ǽɱ˺ѣǿ޾
ˣǰ
Ѿдˡ
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2287 һһһԶ
Сֵܡ̲ͯסȰ
ַҲ㹲ѣദһʱ䣬ͯҲΪ˽⡣̬ͷӦѡʵѾȷ
ҿˣǰַ΢Ц
ûʲôԥȻֻѡǾֻдѡһԼѡ񣬶Լ˵ʵǸѡ⡣
ѡǰַԥ
ðգսַԲİѪҺžҰģַԱǿкǿִţһСѾӡڹ
սû¹
ľϡĮȻκôҪμӵ߱񳡣ʱ龳ս
ǰһãַͯ
Լʶ˵ͬΪֹɴ˾ĳԱǰԲȥзǽԼ죬Եһǰ
ͯͷ
ȻϣַѡȻַľԲ档
˵һһһһһԶࡣͯ
ޣַЩ档
ͯ߱¥ٰĵ߱񳡣ֱӻȡǮķһһʵΪͭƽ𡢲ʯ߱񡢵߸ȼÿȼΪ߶ΣɱͬȼֱɽףȼԽ߳Խߡ
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߱¥ַૣ϶ǮƱ൱ƣ֪͸ֹɴ˾ȣĸǿ
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λ񼶱𣬻ᱻֵһεĳ100ǽңΪƱ1%룬տʼûʲôһ㲻ѣ󣬽ֱ࣬ȫǽҡ
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սȫλ񡣡˫ֻسֽʤȼԼʣ1000澧Ųʲô⡣
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ͯһɽһɽߣĶ֣УԲμӵ߱񳡷պܴ󣬵ȻҲܴ󡣡
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ڶʱ龳սҲܼ򵥣ֱ˵֡ͯ߱񳡿Ǳսһһʱ龳սۺʡΡȸ棬ȻʵȻ֮ء
һԶࡣַȻ
ͯʱ龳ʱ⹫˾ĲƷưܵĺڶγɣ龳ȴֻʵڣʱٹܣ൱󡣡
ʱ龳ս龳߸ÿʱ龳ʵơ
͵߱񳡲ͬʱ⹫˾ӵĿǰзǽĿƼܣսȻ󻮷߸ʱ龳С
ÿʱ龳ʱٲͬͨķѵʱ䶼һ߸׼һꡢʮꡢһ꣬һǧꡢһꡢʮͰꡣ
⣬Ҫ
ʱ龳սûлμӷãй̶ʱ龳ĵȽ׸ߵͣսİٷֱȾǣκһڽǰѹעʱ⹫˾ܻ߱ʵĿǰʱ龳Σճ̶ȣӦʺͱꡣ
ϸкܶ࣬ʱ⹫˾ܻ֪ұδμӹ֪Ĳϸμӹͯ˵
һֻΪ˽ʡʱ䡣
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ַЩס
ͯʱ龳սʱ⹫˾͵Ӷ˹ٰͬ죬Ӷ˴ͳĽ׻һǿʼǿҲ⣬Ҫۻܽס
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ͯͷԲμʱ龳ս´ﵽͱ׼һꡯӶҲʵӦǼʡʱ䡣
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ǰֻͱ׼ַЦ
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ַǸһЦ
д˽⣬ǰԽһʵֻɳ׼Ѷȿ֪
ͯʱ龳սһ㣬ֻͱ׼ʿɴһϡ
һɣַȡ
ͱ׼ֻһɣ׼ߣʿ֪
Ҹ˽飬μʱ龳սһ㡣ͯɫһڿɿطΧСֵֻ׬1000澧һֱӻȡӶǼʡʱ䡣
ȻվȨ㡣



2288 Сӵ
Ҳμʱ龳սַܿ
ȻԼҲϲһһľȨ棬ʱ龳սĿǰʺԼġϾԼµĵһĿӳڶ
μʱ龳սףͬʱҲǰ˵ʱԼҪΪӶμʱ龳սܰԼʡܶʱ䡣
ͯͷ
ܶһǿߣǿȥս߱񳡣һ;ΪԶ֪һֻж¡
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Сӵߣ
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μӵʱ龳սҲֻ˳׼ͱ׼ôһ㡣ĸ߰аռȥԲ
зǽ硭ַԽԽڴ
ǹ͸ŵľҰģøǿ

뿪ӳڶ
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7.5澧ͯ˼ر۸ǸһеģǷǳҸװвԲжһ㡣
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ȥά޷ѣ3澧ʣšͯȡ覵澧̲ޱȾ
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Լ֪ӶЩ϶ǲ5.5澧ģɴֻҲ7.5澧ǰԼ
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ಣ
ֹɴ˾ķɴٶȷɿ죬ʱֻķ26꣬ȥȻҲֻҪ26ꡣţʢ̵Ҫˡ
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ǼԱֹǡıʶվӭӡ
ĵ۶ϵͯȥӶפء
Ӷˣַͯɴ̤
ͯͷӶ㼣鲼зǽ磬ÿһжзֲפء
ַƶǶ
ŵѶϢֻԼӶˡδϸԣԼΪֻɢڿƺ
зǽܹмӶˣַ岻ʵ
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һ
ַȻΪеһӶˣڶӶ˵ȵء
ͯȻʧЦûУ־ȻҲ֪ΪʲôȡӶзǽ磬ɱǸֹ湫˾󡣡
ޣַǵһε֪
ǰڲӦȥμʱ龳սô
Ӷפʲô
ַ岻ס



2289 ͷ
ûʲôֻϤһ㡣ͯԾǰǰŵݵӶʶѾǽˡ
ַԣפһӶͯ޲ǶãֹΪӶݣΪǸֹɴ˾һԱ
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ȻͨάԱݽֹɴ˾ģʵҲΪά޴ʦɴʦǷɴƼоԱ
ͯĿɨܣͷĶ־ʮּᶨ
ҲΪսԱʿ
Ҫǿ츳ԴǲģԵĥ£һٲˡӶˣΪӶѡΪһɢˣʶ߱Ҫ󡣡
ʮҲգĳĳԱҲգν
ӶֻиǼӶִ񣬵˵ģ˵ģȺģӦоУﲻֹܽܶѣܽӵɫɫĥʱзǷ
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óǰӶ˺Ƴ磬ȷʵҲǣֹɴ˾Ȼǰһ൱ƽ̨ǰǷսԱͨάԱݼģõԴ涼Ҫٺܶ࣬Ҫʵѵöࡣ
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ǰԣԽӴзǽɫɫǿߣͨ񣬸˽зǽѶȵȡ
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㲻μʱ龳սԼʱҲȻΪӶһǿʼĥۻ¾ҪķѴʱ䡣
ֻҪμʱ龳սһαܵλ
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Ҳѣʵ1-10澧ÿԴͯȥзǽĻҪ100澧
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100澧Թͨĳˡ
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ͯͷԸǿߣзǽ磬ҲΪôôҲƲͷ
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ͯӶˣӶ˶ΪͳϽռĿռ䴫ͨ鼰ÿһʱ⹫˾ĸ豸ÿһǿ߶ù߱¥Ǳڵ£֪ޱϡ١
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ռ磿ַ߽
ǲǡַͯһֻۣⲿͨԱҲһռһԱ
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ܡˡͯһװͦӣȻǾʶ鲻ǳ΢Цطĸо
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չأμʱ龳սʵ֤ˣȻƼģһˡ΢ЦȻѾˣûϵ
ַͯߵ˵ͷȥɣܹܻ㰲ŵġ
šַ¶мЦݣ֮һǰ
ͯٵ¶һĨЦݣãСĵ㡣
ַָһ롣
ϻвٺ˵ģֻƼˮ꣬ҲἺΪ˵ذ㣬ǰһ
ǰַĴм



2290 ʵҲ
ʱ龳սзǽǿ˵ȷһ޴սԸӢǿ˵һ֡ݡؽзǽķʽ
ֻҪܷ䵽ҲֻҪ10澧ȿռ䴫ͨ޶100澧ֻǾţһë˵ЩӢǿߣֻҪ1澧
ռǮ˶Ҿʱ⹫˾жϡܹܵ˵ʵԽǿԽԽ࣬ԽС澧Խ١
һ˵Ҳһεܲԣ澧ԽٵǿǱߣͨʸ󡣡
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¼򵥣ѾҴкÿĵһ⣬޳һ澧ǿߣȻ޳һܹ΢Ц
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С˼Һʲô顣ܹܵ齻飬澧ҪԼ𡣡
110澧ַ
ܹܵͷô
ֻ3澧һգӦÿԡַ
УʱҶҡܹǿ
áַԺܹܱ֮һЦԼ뿪ӳڶʵͦ赫ٹˣǰԲ˵ܹҲͦãС
ʵҲַ⡣

Ӷפ⣬ɴϡ
ͯͨͨϵͳһӫռֱӶԻ
㶨ˣ
šͯһЦû뵽˾ŽһСһ
㲻Ҳǡ
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ĶΪΪ˵ʵһβͶʡ
ͯȻԴǿСһǱ
־ᶨΣңһһ츳۷壬ɱλλ⣬սͻƣǿ񡣡
ͯЦҪǣƷԴ֪ͼ
ͯһۣϻǣ
ͯСһﻹڹֻμʱ龳սаһףĥ¿飬һκܲĻԵ
ɰܿԼ˲ܻðͷȻ᲻󣬵ôһ죬𻯳ɵԾţǵҵĶ顣
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Ӷפء
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Сˮﻨ㣬˵ƲϺãԾס˵ǲ
ʱ䣬գۼҲûʲôġ
İɣҲ߸̣ѡСַܹЦҲͽ10澧յģ׼þС
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ϾԼǹ̽ѰϢ

ɽׯ԰С
һһŮǿߣдš
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ӦԼһζλ



2291 ˣ߰
һġĿɨַ壬һ˿ӣʱ⹫˾ܻÿһߵʵʵ䣬λһǽڶʱ龳Ҳǵһʱ龳
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ڼһζûӦʱʱػַ壬ԵСŮַҲмֺøУꡣ
Ӧ˵ַҲ࣬ʵĹϵҪ硣
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ˡӦЩżͽţ̽СԴʱ⿴
вԶѡǻ𣬱˫ǰЩõͨĲŻᵣΪɼɸкܹܱҪġ
һɼãǻܶġӦжϣ10澧޹Ŀǻܶ
΢ȻһЦİҰѽȻλѾٮٮˣܲԲȥЩ˲Ҫġ
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Ӱܿǰ
һڻǺܹܣԵһ̷̺꣬ɫͷݣһ˫ɱĮӵӣһɲɽ
Ϣ֮ǿ˿ѷɫɱȫǹ
ˣ߰ɡܹ΢Ц



2292 ˭ų̂
Ӷפء
޴Ĺ㳡ϣһʵβǿ߻һãĵȴÿһ꣬Ӷ˺ʱ⹫˾5000ܼһǿǰзǽ磬μʱ龳ս
һЩǴͷľӢǿߣٮٮߡ
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ܹǰַˣǿߵĿӣȻ̧ͷ˫֣ưһƺƲκˡ
Ȼ෴ӦСͨ죬ӣҽţСֽĳ
ַ̹֮ȻĿƳԵĶ̷̺꣬ɫͷĮȻȴ˫ʱ޿ɢɲɱͷԲС
ҺһҲ۷ǿߣҪСܶࡣ
ৣ̷̺͵Ŀֱַ壬һͷɱ
ãҽַ塣ַ΢Цܵ
̷̺üͷһ̺۶ſȴ֪˵ʲôƺóĿһ裬תͷȥ
أĮϲܹܵǰ洫
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ǴԿʼһȱǵ֣ɲԾУҪᡣܹܵ
ΪܹܣЩССȨеġ
ַӦ漴˸ǰλվȴʱ⹫˾ܲԿʼ
˿治١ַĿɨܣλλλ񲻶࣬۷٣ǿûС
ÿ궼һȡǧ̭һ롣˫ֻأ̬߰ͨѡΣԶҲֱӹ۸񲻷ơ
һͨôݴ磿Ӧʵ
һЦǻ˵Ǹǲͬǲһᣬ׼ȷ˵ȡ4996ǣǺǣֻ߸ʽѡ
ӦһСؿڣأĮȻǸ飬·ʲô¶޹ء
ַԲںԼĿͨʱ龳սһᶼò֣μʲô
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֪˰ɣĸڡڶһͨԵߣôһһէģмҲкܶڶ100%ֻͨĸǲӽģ̨Ӳһ㡣
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һǿߣǵһμʱ⹫˾е
ַҲǺһͨ͸ɵԲιңޱȾ޴󣬾ͺһ̫ղƵģһŹŹֿƣ͸ŹΨ
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֮ǰӦԼ̵ƱʾҪɸ澧5£ԽСǱԽߣõʱ⹫˾ܳϣֱͨһֲԡ
ƵƵģҪɸ澧5-10֮䣬ѡɺܹѡʣ
Ƶģϻʸֱ̭
ܹܻЩȨģԼ˲ƣ㲻ʸҲֻƵƣɸΪ10澧
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Сͨ죬Ӧŵسڹǰ鲽̤롣ܿ죬һɲ֮䣬ƵԱߵʾһ֡8
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˵8澧ߣҲͣϾ͵ĻС9͡10ɷѽûСģֻ
8澧ڴԵһǿеȺµ֮䡣
˵ӦѡļʿܲߣȻڶͿ϶û⡣
һܹ
ҵġͷӦһЦӰУΧ˽ܿƵʾֳͬ֡



2293 
ӦС죬¶֮ɫ
ʾϵʾš10֣ʮĿΧһƬЦ֮ȴǶ֪ǰ⼸ǡڶһͨԵߣ̨Ӳ
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һŶϸҲпܣΪǼȨǲģк̨ǺðҲȥ
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׳գһʵûлҲμʱ龳ս涪ۡ
Ц˷
˱Ϊڶз޷޲ƽ¼ʵ伸䣬һйͷ֮졣ЦϣӣһԲԵػ߰ͷ­ǧ֮أ̧
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ܺϸ񰡡ַжϵʵԼȻ粻ߣƾǿҲܴﵽ۷ı׼
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λλͬ۷ʵܴΪһļ£ǿͣ۷壬޷ٽһʶ۷ľ޴ԡ
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Ƶϸ̳һȴǣзǽ۷ǿȣֵһᡣ
Цʲôһűŭۼַ¶Цݣʱ߳ŭðɡ
֪ǶЦҲЦһЦַ΢Ц˻ɵԼں˵ʵԼҪ
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ôղŻֳ2Ӱأ̫ţˣ
ʦ˵ÿԵһˣ5澧Ϊ㣬Ҳˣ඼45澧3澧Ľֻ23أ
ڶҲȫǷȸղǴŻĶǿˡ
һƬ𾪺֮̾
3澧ʵӹɣڳľӢǿߣȻῴЩк̨ûʵģͬʱҲЩǸǿߡ
ֻЩĻУȴǸ̶޴档
أĮͬһȼ۷塣
ոأĮ˵Ļ޵ݡ

ۣأĮݴǲǣӦ޻ģǿѿɫһ˫Ĺâ
ǣǰɡȻӲҲòϡ
Ͼ֪أĮʵԶ֮ϣʵǿߣϾͻᰫһء
һˣַ磡ӦϲЦտСȭͣҲҪأĮһôޡ
ܵġӦı飬иζ͵ɽ5澧ҲΪλʵҪͶѡ
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ᣬڿʼŬټԪҲڵʵͷʱǺǣӦѾͻƳΪǿˡ
׳աأĮһδ
ʱַ̤ң̵ʾֺȻ֣㳡һļž
Ŀ࣡



2294 ͬ01
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һ㡣أĮ첽ǰռ̵ͨͨǿߣֱӱܽ롣
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ַĳɼǰǿߵĳɼǲԭ45澧ѾܲһƬȴǸOO@@ûں
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ֳ֮أĮɼһ3澧Ҳֻעӣǿһλһλ
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ȹȥˣʱŲԵĳ䶨ַӦռͨᣬԼƨɡ
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ѿۼӦǲĿ⣬̡
1澧ôʱ龳ߡӦߵλҲֻλҵʱܽʱ龳
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ӦûĻһԹԵ૵ôʵһҲƽ׽ˣϲ
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ˣӦҪִޣݴ磡
԰գͨСֱܿȥ
һȻɵվԭأʯ



2295 
5000䶨
һ̵ֱͨһǺܾϸѡвڶģвֽӽ5澧ҲвΪ
Ͼʱ龳߸ΪҪ֤ǰĸʱյƽ
Ȼʱ龳ǿ϶٣ϾѶ̫ߡڵ塢ʱ龳˵ûǿܹ롣
ַ壡
1澧Ҫɣܲμʱ龳ս
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ϾһֵĲԳɼռͷȫѹ5000ǿ֮Уֻ33澧1澧2澧һûС
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򵥽һ£Ǵȹȥʱ⹫˾Ǳߣǵ5000ǿ߻ϣһͨռͨǰзǽ硣Ŀɨַϡ
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˵䣬Ŀⲻַϡ
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ԭʱ⹫˾ǱҲ
ȻУ˵ȫڶѡģѽ
ǿ϶Ȳǵ㣬ַ̫ţ0澧أзǽƶٮٮߣϹӵۣ
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ĽģҲмʵġ
ͳڱϣַԹܲˣ˵г̣ĵȴ
ʱ龳ս߸ʱ龳зǽʱ⹫˾ǱߣʶҪȥʱ⹫˾ֲٴ͡
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ʶһԼϣӦܻųʵʵϾܺúãӦò
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ﵽ׼ԽߣԽ
1000澧˵಻࣬˵ȴҲ治٣벻ǳ׼ܳġ
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ǧǿ߼ǧǿߣоǵ⡣
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ǰɡȻЦʵҲûʲôֻʱ仹ʶЩªţⷽү϶֪ıҶࡣ
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ʱ⹫˾ǧǿߣҲûκɼɼ
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˵0澧ҲʲôܡϿ̸˵ˣֿܵϡ
һѪǿǱߣʵѣΪѪǿսȵǰȼߡ
ǾߣЩĳţԶǰȼľ磬ܽս԰ٱǧ򱶵
ǿзǽЩͷˣһһ࣬һһǿһλӵһʵȫϣܻɱǿߡ
ܽˡܵͷ
⼸ֻзǽ֮С۾һâ˵ǧ0澧Ҳ޼
ַ԰ɣ
˵ܳһ˲ǿأǺǺ~~
˫֣ź뿪ѡ



2296 ְɣ
ǿַ壡
ǸСһַ壬ô᣿
ԣû
0澧Ĺ
ʱ⹫˾Ǳѡγ5000ǿߣ޲ĿַһܲԵķʲôѶϢȺ֮Ѵ
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ִ磬ʱ⹫˾һֲԱͻţһԵӦСһǿߣֻһɷ2澧
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ʲôԷʲôܣͳͳǹƨţﲻмŭֻʵ汾£
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һЩԼ֮ǰжš
һǿߣһʱ龳Уƽÿʱ龳2500ңֻǱɽһǣΪǿߡ
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ʱ龳УϵһϵзǽǿߣһǾӢǿߣѪǿֶ࣬θḻһϵǿȻƽ˵ǿҲޡ
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2297 װ̣
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˵֮ǰӡ󲢲Ǻܺãµһŵ㡪졣֮ǰԼ·ΪĿ꣬ʲô֮һߡ
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һ֪ΪĽɽ10澧Թ϶Ҫһ
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ȥʱ龳Ŀ΢΢ַܿ϶
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ҴʽĻǵʱ龳ַЩȻӦҲǣַЦЦҲ͡
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ˣЩͬȫߣÿڽʱ龳ǰвΪѹעˮһս
ܳɹųսý𣬸ܽѹעĲϼʮ
ַͷ
ǰҪԼ׬1000澧
ҵͦĵġַһЦдʱʱ龳ڵٲͬսҪʱ䣬Σأʼߡ
Ҫ1000澧Ӧߵʮ꣬Ȼ
1000澧ķƫҪѡðա
ô͡
ԣǰϣҶĥʵǰһࡣַамֹɴ˾
սʵܹˡ
ַԶ˿Ρ
ǰͨڣһһǿ߽룬ռͨͺããмһ֮ͨţʱͿռ䣬ŵһ̤һߡ
Ⱥʱ⹫˾Ǳߵǧǿ߽󣬱ǵӶߵǧǿߡ
ַվǰͷҶ֪Ȥ󷽣֮ǰʱ⹫˾Ǳһڶ׵ı۷ǿţ
ַأĮԼõ3澧ǿߡ
10澧˶ĩɫࡣ
~~̤УһƬ͸άŤתŨռԪزͨ·бַ̤Уһʱ㣬˲ʱȫʧȥ
ԭַ̤һ֮ͨУռ䷨ַƾһͣһһάռͨ߳
ǰɼһƬԴʶع顣
ַ̤̤ؼâ
ޱŨһ㣬ҪܵĶ࣬ʵĶ࣬ŨĶࡣ
λãͺһϲ̨ף߸վоȻͬ
зǽôַһ
Լˡ



2298 ս
ͷӿ顣
һޱȾ޴Ĺ㳡ѾˣĹ㳡ޱǿϢǹڣ붼񼶱ܲǿߵϢ
ˡַ֪μʱսģֻ
зǽж

ҲÿֻһǧУֻеˮ׼һǿֻƶ֪꣬
ǧƣƣࡣ
ȻҪöࡣ
зǽ籾зǽ統һ۹Ļô뼯ȨһǷֵССصǧʵβ롣
ʱ龳ַԶɼ߲޴Ŀռ㣬͵ÿһ㶼һƬָĿռ䣬ƣȴɼ
죬ͷ
߸ڶհɢſֲϢ֮ںڶΧܲƣ쿪ѹڶڡ
ʱ龳ÿ龳ʵһڡ
ܴ󡣡ַʵ߸ʱ龳ǳңԶԼ֮ܿôΪӴܸоϢ
Լһǿ߶ĴŴ췢֮
ͬ湫˾зǽĺȫһһأһͺʩ뱸Ļرݣһֻǰ´
ռ䴫ͨһһǿ½͵
һүͺܹ漴ŽڶֲԣҲһֲԣʱ⹫˾ĶִУֱԱսʱ龳
ʱսĹ򣬽󶥼ܻ֪뵣ġ
ҪģǾܿӦҪȥɱ¾һ׶α׼ΪȣסҵĻ棬һȥ
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ܹĳ˵ɫȻ
ͬɫأ¿ˮţзǽ磬֪ԼжСΪӢеľӢ·ڵǿ֮ȴۡ
̫ˡ
ǿߣ֮
桭ַૣúܹɫأȻһ£ͱ׼һꡯ˲Լ֪ǿҲֻ˳׼ʮꡯ
Ȼ˴ʵβͬɼʱ龳ھ֮ҡ
˵ͱ׼һɣǶʵǿзǽ籾ǿ˵ַ˵ܻǧ֮һѾǴҡ
Ҫﵽ׼һ涼һһ
ŶԸ
ַԼģҲ֪˴ս¡
ȴȻַĴ㣬ܹԣνǿȱ֮Ӧ
Լӵмǿ֪淽û⡣

ʱ⹫˾Чʣ൱졣
˽Сʱֵںүͺܹܴͬ£һǰУӢǿߣӸտʼ־ʮ㣬²ΪӪ
ʵκζҪпᡣ
ˣҾǵ׼ԼȥܹɫƽÿͬһǿϤ
ȥһǿߣȴ޼
ʱ龳սͺһ¯Щȫȥʣ¾£ĥ¼µƷ
һǿ߻ŵӿ
̤һͷɫĶ̷أĮɫ䣬ƺûκӰֱӿ粽Уһţţʶǿֱ̹һҲǳ룬˺
ַӦ˵
šӦס
ӶЦ̤֮ǰ
С־СַӦСɵӰһ棬ÿ˶ԼҪߵ·ǶǴ۽ΣֻҪ˾νڡ
£ܲһԵ·
~~ɫâǣַҲ֮룬Ŀ·һƼߣɫۼ˲ʱߣֻһ˲֮䣬ͺͻȻʧƵġ
Ƭռ䣬ֻʣԼһˡ
档ַ֪ԼλãǶƿصԺܹԣ󶥼ܻԶɼ䡣
ֻҪĵȴǰԻг·֡
εε~~ǻþͻȻ³ȴͻȻĽڵѹӿ޴ڵǣԼ塣

Դһ䣬𵴡
ԵḶ́򵥶ֱӡ
ɫâ۳ߣǰһԲλ״ַ̤ͨͨǰ֣̤Ʋ֮УΧʱá
ޣַһ̤ͨ΢΢һ



2299 ߸׼
ģϤӰס
ԼľȻҪԾ࣬ǱǿðţͷˣһţǸ߸ֻͭ۾ԲԽط
أĮţ
ּˡַ΢Цк
ҪԼҲ֪Լǵʱ龳ֻأĮţһǵʱ龳ڣǾͿ϶ǵʱ龳
ȻϢɢȥ˲ʱӦǿϢ
ǿ֮Ĳһײ㣬ܴԾʵͨλҲ۷Ҫǿöࡣ
ôλȻǵʱ龳
Գ̬ɷֱ档
ܣţףֱҡԴ·𿴵¡һλ񣬾Ȼ˵ʱ龳ôҲˡ
أĮ΢΢ָܿƽ
Ȼ֮ǰַʱ龳½ʱ龳Ҳ֮ǰҲûһǿߵһβΪ0澧
0澧ܣʱ龳Ϊʲôܣ
ˡַĿɨܣ˵ʵʱ龳ҲίʵеԼԤϣҲż롣
˵ʱ龳ļԽԽá
ԽߣζսԽԵĲʵԽֲԵʱ龳͵ʱ龳Ϊһ񼶱һѾ
ǰҲǵʱ龳
ԼµʵԺԶ
ԡأĮϧ𣬺ַһż롣
С󡣡
˻ʱ龳ֱ
ϧѾû·ˣţЦؿڣһǾīɣ
˵ţţֱӱǰȥ̤֮
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֪ηַһЦ
ţԳɼΪ2澧Ͼֻ۷壬Ҫڵʱ龳ʵΪϵȣڵʱ龳ʵԴĩ
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¡أĮ
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Լ֪أĮ˼۷ʵʱ龳ɱ׼󽱽ȻߣѹעҲˮǴߣΪǰ߱ʵԱʱ龳ѶȽ⣬Ϊһֵ
ȻЩ⣬˵Ҳδһ¡
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ʵʱ龳Լ˵սԶԶϾľǿ߶۷塣ʱ龳Ͳͬˣʵ۷еٮٮߡ
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λ
ȤַѪڵĸо·صӳڶ⣬սһ뵽ʱ龳ǿߵԼ˷ܡ
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~~Ժ𣬽ڶǰɲǣһ׼Ķռ䣬ķǰӳ֡
ϵ10
𡪡
ͱ׼10澧
׼100澧
м׼1000澧
߼׼1澧
׼10澧
׼100澧
׼1000澧

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ַ˲ʱ䣬֮ԼҪȡ1000澧Ҫﵽм׼ֻǽĴͷѹע
ΪԼϵǡ10
ߵϵ
ͱ׼Ľ1澧׼10澧ԼʮҲһ׼ʣѾϵ10ʼˡ
ԭͱ׼1:1Լȴ1:10
ֻϧϲҲǺܶࡣַЦҲ̫ںϾǮ֮һȡŶֱܵⶪȥǰĻϵĽ½ӡ
1.7澧
3.3澧
5.9澧

ֲ
˵ûرصıסడַ۷һѣӰ˵ϸ֮ȫ˿档
ǿڹҲһɡַһЦ
սҲʲôûȫѹϣ˵տʼЩᡯֻ1:1Ҫ֪ʿ90%
׼Ҳ1:3ʱʸǸߴ99%ϣ
Ҳûʲôѡأֻѹϡ
ˡַæ˺һӣѿڴøɸɾ
ǰĻϵ֣Ȼ֡



2300 Ӧı
20.1澧ַȻʧЦ
Լ֪Լԭһ٣Ҫ֮ͦ࣬ǰռعʵԼΪ壬ԲҪٷʳعʵ
20澧˵಻࣬˵ȴҲˡ
Ȼز۷Ѻˣٶһ澧ȴǹڹעһֹʡ
ʵؼһ
ӵ㹻ǿʵӦܹȥÿһ׼ʺͽԽԽߡ
ϵ10
ѹע20.1澧
ͱ׼201澧
׼603澧
м׼2010澧
߼׼20100澧
׼201000澧
׼2010000澧
׼20100000澧
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ȻԼǮ࣬10ϵߣҲ˵м׼ʼѾǽһˡ
̰ᣬѾ㹻
ǮԼԹþУٶҲֶֻѡ
Ҳμʱ龳սҪ׬1000澧Ҫﵽ׼Ҳǰﵽı׼ַ⡣
˵׼ѹעΪ703澧1000սдɱɱضͱ
ʱ龳ǿߡ
һǿѾͨĳ۸100澧Լͱ׼ͬʱѾ1000澧
Ŀ̫ǳƲս
ǰһĿȶڳ׼ɡַѹעϸϸսĹݣÿ׶ζÿ׶ε񣬴ɱ׼ķֹһ
ʱ龳ʱ1:100
ͱ׼񡪡
100ꡣ
ÿɱ1ߣҪ10ꡣ
ÿɱ1ͷ龳ޣҪ1ꣻÿɱ1ͷе龳ޣҪ10ꣻɱ1ͷߵ龳ޣɡ
ͱ׼ĵص㣬īǣбĤ뵣ǿߡ

ַĶ飬ȫ䡣
ͱ׼񲢲ѣʱ1:100Ҳʱ龳ͱ׼񣬴100ֻ߽꣬1֮꣬ǰǰ˵Ĳ޲
ѹһɹؼʡַ²ס
ʵǿĲߣֱӻɱʮߣܽ龳ޣƺɱȻͨļʾԶֹһɡ
бĤҲ֮ǰ׵Щǿߣ޷īǡ
Զֻ龳޺ߣ龳Ҫע⡣
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жϸԼ龳޲ǣҪνĸߵ龳ޣ¡ΪֻҪɱһͷ
ô򵥡
ԽƼ򵥵Խء
Ԥ鷳ΣգôȽٴ㡣ַһ׼
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ʱ龳һǿԼʵĩԼӦǿ˵кܴ
Ӧı󡣡
ȫ׼ַ뿪ռ䡣
ռתǰ½룬һռ涸ת˲ʱһƬַ֣ʵء
īǡַʶعĵһ˲䣬Ϣɢȥ
ûκͣЪǰȥɲǷӦ
߳
һмŹֱ˺ѿռ䡣
һͷ˫ͫị̄ƤֲڵĹϿӿݵɲйĤһƬ֮ɫɫָȾž綾צ룬һֻܡ
ξ޴󣬵ٶȴ졣
۷ǿߣ
ַͼǼ龳ޣϵã͵ϮԼͷ۷ǿߣ龳ޡ
óַ˱ͬʱ˲ʱ
û뵽սͻȻŸսīǱչܱ͵Ϯַȴ侲ͬʱϢӦһɢȥ
һֲ£µ벶ȸں
ԽΣգԽҪ侲
ɫս֣Ϸ磬һŹĸ͸Խ⡣һھƣɱʱַ˫¶Ѫɱ¾ɱ⡣
Ӳī̹¶ǿΪλ񣬵ַ巴ǿ־͡ⰵƽⰵڶȻַ֣˲ʱսȫ汬
䣡䣡䣡
ɲ֮䣬ռϷ硣
ɶ񣡡ī̹ɫѿԭöԷδȣҪɱֲȴû뵽ֱ˸ӣַӦٶȼ졣
ʵʵѷɫַ塣
͵Ϯɴѹȴ˼Ӱ졣
ͬΪóսǿߣǵײ׹ػ
ߣùء
·ʤַ岻ֹƸʤֶκ;ҲḻĽǵԶ빥ýսıǿᱬһɱī̹
߳øȥī̹ͷ­ַսһλɱ



2301 ī
ৣ
˲ʱ䣬ַս
ΪӦУΧϢٽӽԶʱӦϢףһսǿңоǿȫжϳ
ǿߣ
һַ弲ٷɳۣҲǲᡣ
ؿѪע˿ϸһǳڵĻɫѪҺɫī̹Ĺо綾ʶս㲻ϣսپ
ߣֻȸߣܿᵽ
Ķַӵ壬Թʲô̫вԡʴЧȴжЩ裬Ӱս
ǿ߽սʱһ˿ϸڶӰɰܡ
ַ֪Լʵղī̹սʵ忪˵ٸǿߣԼĿǰ״̬κһ򲻹
һ̫Сַ峯෴򣬿ٳȥ
īΪˡͱ׼սһʵıĤռǿ޷룬ͬȥ
˲ƵĿռ䷨޷ʩչ
һ㣬֮ǰڶռսϸб
ڽսУҲǿߵֱ˲ƣ˲λõʶ飬ϼʮΡ
ǿߣзǽıǿߣȫһСС֮С
ѡ
ַɳ۶£
·һƬ޾Ӱ˲䣬쐻ޱѷϢԴʯǿڴ˿̾ţϢȫڸǡ
ַΪԴʯһ
Ϣͨȴʵá
ڡ

ৣৣৣ
գ۵ĹȻͬϢƬɫ֮ϣһ壬һ廹һ塣
ǿߣȫλ
˴˾붼ǿߣûһϾҶλϢǿսȴһ֪
ʱ龳̫
Ϊʵ㹻ǿλͽʱ龳˵ѷĿǰ˵Ƿģڳ˹īǣЩ׵ǿ߾˵һ
һ˭Ҳãǿߵɴɫ˫ͫŭһȥ
۸ӦѸӦ۷Ϣ׷ϣҲã˵λ
໣ǿߵȥʹȹ̵Ƕϵ˲ʱ
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㲻֣Ҳᶯ֡
ûνʴȣȥһУȫԸ
Ϊһս˭Ӯ£൱ڻɱߣ
һһλԲѸոߵ۷
˵Ǹ߲ʵĴڡ
ѹƣ

ಣ
ַ󺣣ߡ
߷ʲô²ܣҲܲˣԼһս˵ˣʵڵʱ龳ĩȣλϣ̫ǡ
ϢӦѣƴɱҸطǱޡǸսīǣַѿаһ
Ƶǿ߸һԶӿ룬¹īǱضΪ
ߣһ߶ǿߣ·ʤսضǳңֹʵʵǿʮλһŻս˭˵һܻ
ȵȴ
Щʵλ˶ǿ߻ɱʮ뿪ʹͬ
ʱضʣµĲҲо飬ĴУѡزԡ
ַ˼ת
Ͼﵽͱ׼ʵҪ̫רעƴɱ֤Ϳԡ
꣬Ȼѣ겻ɡ
룬ɱʮҪࡣ
~~~ð̣һƶر⣬ӵ壬ַԶߣЩңƲȥԣʵֻһ
ȥȥأָ
~~ַѸǵĳܿ챥͡ԼһڣսԼҲȫܳȥ
ǿʱȥָԼҪ
ַ³ںΡ
ʱȴδ·һ˫޵ͫں֮УɫȫһģһϢ󺣣·𲻴Ƶġ
ΧΪһ壬ƴڣǲڡ
ƾϢ̽⣬ӦκϢ·
ϣëֱַȻ
˲ķӦ֮У쐻ͬ˲ʱѾֲΣȫһʹֲ
ַ巴Ӧ죬æǵ
·Ĺʱ䶼ͣ٣;ףʯ
龳ޣ



2302 ߵ龳
龳ޣ3ף1.5ף͸ɫ
е龳ޣ6ף3ף仯ɫ
ߵ龳ޣ12ף6ףںɫ
ڶܵĶռУַ֪龳޵ص㣬һּΪóαװ͵ϮĹ龳龳ʤ
˵龳޻ܿϢӦĿҵĻе龳Ѿѡ
ΨиӦرĿӷֱ漫Ϭǿߣܷ֡
ڸߵ龳ޣںɫ൱뻷Ϊһ壬ܱ仯ɫʣһ仨ꡢɳڣϢ龳֮С
ϸߵ龳ޣλڷ
ڹīǣߵ龳޽ֻͷϡ٣Ȼﵽͱ׼ļʾͲһôˡ
õʱ򣬺ˮ죬˵ߵ龳ͷ
һͷƬ󺣡
ṥκһƬĲߣַ֮ǰѾɱûκζҲûκζߣĵ¾ո
ַ壬ǵ
ۣ
Ȼиߵ۷ַȻһͷʵϵǿķҲ޷˲չԷ
һӦ
ӵгǿĵк壬ַ˶ϸߵ龳ޣȻ
Ҫ
Ϊ龳ǿģǵһ
ַ֮ǰߣĸλȫǵһֱӱɱһߵ龳֮ǿɼһ㡣
ԿգַشȻޱ侲
ռֱͷţߵ龳Уƿأߵ龳ΣܲϢ뻷ںϣҲѲĸ֪
üһַ󳷣롣
аĽǳ֣˺ѿռǣɫƣγǿ
䣡
ԿյƿأϰĽǵĹֱߵ龳޵צײħ
۹ַѴﵽλΡ
һ˵ɱУֻܱ˸ߵ龳ޣ޷ˣ̸ϻɱ˵˲䣬ߵ龳ޱڻۺϢ޴ӱ
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һ֮Ĺ
ַĿռģΪ˵ģռĵ˲䣬޴ɽὫֲ
䣡䣡䣡
ҶԹַٲߵ龳κνᡣ
Զ빥ܶ뽻սԼڵʵǼ൱ڶλʵĸߵ龳ޡ
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˻ɣɲĺߵ龳ħͫ˲ǰȴôҲ޷
ͷ֮ǰɱЩͬ
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ߵ龳Ȼûȴ൱ǿҰޱܣȷͷҪǿȴɱͷ

ߵ龳ӰһͻȻʧ֮УԿٸӦܱߺˮַָϢɨܣҲʧȥ֪
뿪ˡ
Ǹ˫Сַ̾һ߻ָƣһ߻Էߵ龳͵Ϯ
ʱ龳սѶȣԤиߵöࡣ
ԼŸսһСʱ;ߵ龳һսɥҵǸߵ龳ʵǿȴֻҰޱܣǻۡ
ʶռݾƣ޷תΪʤ
ǿߣԺĿҲľˡַ֪Լߵ龳ǿպԼӵĽǣ
ǿߣûôˡ
ùһԾߵ龳ҲɱλһͷѵĹѹͱ׼ֻɱ1ͷɡ
ΪѶȣ̫ߡ
ֻͷԿգ޾͵Ϯһǵһǣַѧķһ־ڿռģԺԲơ

꣡
һĿǿƬ󺣣մȾǿߵѪҺǸղ׷ַλ֮һ
ʵʤһɱǸǿߡ
£ԲŹַСС
뺣
ˣСӣ
~
ǿëֱֺβɢ׵âλǿʵīǣһһġ
ɱǸСһ
ȻɱС
ͱ׼˵ʲôսȤ̫Ȥ
գǿЦ
Ǳ˿ûǰƬɺУһȫɺеӰͫ纣ɱ
ͣ
ߵ龳ͻأط𹥻̹ǣӺֱӶǿ߱ŤȻĿ֪ô¡



2303 ߹ʺ
Gǣַ΢΢һ
ϢӦУһϢӿ֣ûϢ
ַ˳ϢȥܿҵĿڣһ׵ָ̬צƴצһ̲ɻ

ַ㶣ȴǻʵ
ô׼ؼһַҲ֪ηӦЦҡͷʱ龳սԼϮûа
£Ƿ̩
ȷ˵߹ʺˡַȻʧЦϷϢٲȻսûá
һ˫սһɱʤԽȫٻ©֮㡣
ܼߴˡ
һֵ൱ڶ۷100澧⸱ϵצױ200澧ϡ
ӦúһƬ֮˲ȥ

սϢвʶ׸Ӧսսѥʲôġַת漴ǱѰٱ
һǿߣֹһ
д·ΧѰ£ַܿҵȫ۷δһ
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۷Щడ
ʮ
һǿߣôʮ۷ǡ
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λǿߡ
Ѿɱߡ
ǿߵʵԴﵽͱ׼ƫƫ̫̰ģҪɱַ©ڸߵ龳޵צ֮¡
ʱ龳սʲôܷ
ʵǿʵǿġ
¹īǣһڲ߶Ǹս룬δԸߵ龳Ĺʵѷɫһϻֻ·һ

ضַ壬ָ
ȻջٱⲻֻַһԼЩȻԼҲֻΪѡ
ףҪʵ
͸ʣַԼ·ôߡ

һ߹ⰵѪ֮·
ߺɫ֮·
߶ԼѪԼûκһ¹ؼǼսʱ龳վȽŸԼÿһζô˵ġ
ɫУؼǷʱ估ռܣ׼ȷ˵±ȹⰵѪҪǿ
ֻǸ̫ǳֲڡ
ûУҪսؼڡĽǡϡ
е
ĽǶǿ˵൱׵ı֮Ĺ֤ߵ龳޷ͥ񣬾ǵС
ռطռ£һռǻ𡯣Լģīжң޵С
ֻ
ʱϣַ尵ݣԼ֮Ĺ֪ռطѶȣǻѶʮ
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췽ҹ̷
ټѣٺãʶã
ֶʱܽϣãĻ֮ϣɼ£ȫ
ⰵҲһ
ӵڶ쵽죬Ѷֻ߲͡
ⰵ죬۷ʵ൱ڿռط˽ס
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ռط˽ʲô
һ۷ǿߣһΣÿռط߽ףͻƳΪӵпռط˽׵ǿߣλ۷塣
ͻһŽףﵽΪߵ֮һ

ʹӡķ
ַס
˵ģƩ絶УƩط
ҪһطѣҪѧϰһط࣬ȻӲط100%ֻҪط㹻ǿֻܷӳ嵽ɣҲѾܿɹۡ
ʦ̵طѧϰࡣ
Լʦ
ڣǬطƪˡַ۾ֳǬطƪط֮ÿһطԭʼļأǬĽ⣬ͨ׶
ԹⰵڶصΪѧϰȵһظҪ±롣
ǬطƪеطڹⰵںԴطдռĶطǧǧ
Լȫѡʺ
죬ȷǺá
Լδѧϰطܴʲô
ַԼĿǰط˽̫̫ͣطĴ죬䱾Ӧǽھѧϰ֮ϣΨнطڻܴͨǿط
ʶǬŻռ˶ิǧطԼҲȫ͸
ѧϰڻͨ󡪡
Ǵ졣



2304 ׷
֮ĹַʩչĽǣ
ǣռиֱøߵ龳ޱŭȴΪڸߵ龳޽£ԴԴϵĿռѹԿա
ܶɲɱˣԿյĴڣȴַơ
ߵ龳ޣ޷͵Ϯ
ȥɣɱҵġַһιߵ龳޻ˡԿǣ£ߵ龳޷ԼĹҲ˰Ľǡ
ȻԼҪɱҲܡ
⼸ߵ龳ϮɱԼʮΣÿһζ޹
Ҳ⡣
˻ߵ龳ŭȣ޲ýַ˺ƬôСһȴôҲɱֱðɡ
׷ˡַͷſռʱ׼ٹ
ʮ꣬Ҿͻߡ
Լɱһߣʶֻʮܴ꣬ﵽͱ׼
߷죬Ⱥ¹ԼûȤ͡ɱʮǰͱ׼ʲôô
һɣûʲôͬ
úΪһ׼׼
ÿһ׼Ѷȣǵģһγ׼ֹҪʱ䣬ԵģǴͱ׼ǿߡ
Ϊе˶Ǳġ
īǣҲǡ
ߵ龳ޣһܡ
ǻİˣҲûֵðôһһεϮͷС޹ߵ龳Թ޴й
˻𣡡ߵ龳ŭúˮ𵴡
Ƭڣ羳羳ֻҪƬκ춯ڣܵһʱ֪
ٿأߵ龳ͫһ
ӰΪޣ֮ʧ

Ͽա
һֻ۾첲ĹͷǿĿԡ
ټɱ̫Σա
ڻŵģǸٮٮߣδʤա۹ͷǿߺǣѾɱ߸ߣɱ͹׼
Ȼѡá
Ϊһδεս̫Σա
ɱ߸ߣʵһܻɱ֮أ
۹ͷǿûա
ûյ̣ȣٴʮܴ꣬ﵽͱ׼
½أˮиʺκڲϢ۹ͷǿ¾첲ֿܼˮֱǱȥ
ܹϣǵѡ
ȴ֪Ƭ£һޱȿµĹܾš
£ŭ޴й

ޣеַٿ֮һ
ԼϷһϤȻӦȴ֪ԼЩһֱԼݵĸߵ龳ޡ
ȥʹַѸ϶ȥ
ȻΣգԼߵ龳ޡ
˲ʱӽȻһ
սˡ
ȻǸߵ龳ޡ
ַֻӦôһ͸ߵ龳ô꣬㹻ֻսвŻ¶ϢղһϢǸߵ龳ɡ
һ߱ɱˡַ֪ߵ龳޵ͣҪɱߣ̫ס
Ϣֿ£־սսһһģ
Ķ֣˭ͷۡ
Լ
ַڼ֮УάԿգûκиڸߵ龳޳ֵһɲǣ֮Ĺֱӱȥ
˻ͣߵ龳ŭһצޣǶȥ
һδҲδַٽּʮغϣĽ˴֪֪ס
ৣ~ַһ
۶ϣĸ۷۷һַ¶ЦݣϷһɫսףӲӵĻƽ㣬˿ﲻѡ
ַ忪Ц
Լȱһսȫѹ
Уսսõַ֣ٿԶһԶԶƯһꪣŸɫƵ׺̲ʱ䷨

ݣಣ
ַٶȣɨܡ
ԼЩ۷Ըոձߵ龳ɱǸߣȻô۷ʮϡ
Ȼɨһܿջ
ܹʮһ۷ַ㣬һԼջ񣬳500澧
֮ǰջ¾Ŀ1000澧ѽߡ
׬ǮҲ̫ˡַȻʧЦջ񣬱ն˾޴ȷʵ˸ߵ龳ޣȻһʮ֮˾ҲΪ
Ϊߵ龳ֻԭʼܣʶ۷Ҫȥá
ɱߣȻȻر֮С
ôõĻᣬƺһ£ַһ¶һĨЦݡ



2305 
īǣС
ৣһɫӰ֣ǼӲۼ׿ǣһ˫͹۾ޱȾ޴ܿ360ȫûκǡ
ǿߣ|
ף
Ϣ
ǿߡ|ͫ˲ʱ⣬һĭ˼طɳ뺣֮Уʵ΢ݴ


һһ׽ӣħƵħǿ·
˫ֱ泤ޱȣһɢž˰ϢһƵľ޴̲ûط
츳Ͱ֮ΪħǿߡᡯīϺŵĳǿߣзǽǸһȡ
һˡħǿߡᡯƺ룬дŹ°
һǿߣɱ֮練ơ
֮ǰɱ˸ߣеڰ˸˵ˣԶָһʱ䣬ö϶ʮ꣬һСڡ
ֻҪɱھŸߣܴﵽͱ׼
£춼ڰ

ɫ󺣣ԣ͸ɫʣĿԴûҲûΣգһжôܡ
˭֪ѾһһīǵĶǿߡ
Խǿ޺ԽΣա
ջС
лˡ
ַӰٿس֣ڸߵ龳޲Զ
ԿοƬ򣬾ܸߵ龳޽ߣַҲں⼸ʮѾϰߣߵ龳ѾϰĴڡ
һιַ壬Ѿʮǰˡ
ңǸߵ龳ʵܲסŹġ
˻˻𣡡ߵ龳ëֱŵӽַ壬˻вַƵģȻȴɫĸо
ַȴҲһۣԹԵո
⼸ʮջıѾһݣһѶݣ۷ֱˡ
ÿһλУ۷ÿλϣһսһģһ࣬Ͼǿ߶սûܳԿ
⻹й࣬ģǿ乥ģ㣬ģǮĻһĵȵȡ
ƽһλϹ4۷
ս𻵣Ҳи3ҵƽ
Ƭ뿪Ĺīǣ۷뼯һǿУ൱ɹˡ˵һɱʮߵǿߣջѾ
ַ壬¡
ΪδԼ֣еǿߣȫǸߵ龳ɱģװʮ۷ģҲӵģжعʵġ
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ˡ
㡣ֱַ˼عʵߵ龳ޣûȤعʵΪֱӵľԴȪߵ龳޻Ϊϲģʵ
еóܺùû
໣ߵ龳Ѹʳַ໺𼸿ڣƺ֮ݺݵַ弸ۣﳤȥҲмָԡ
Ǻô򷢡ַЦЦ
Լ͸ߵ龳޵ġҲһ꣬Ҳнʮꡣ
ԼͷһЩ΢ϢúǿԼܸ֪ԼΪնɱԼɸߵ龳޳ɱǣȡ
ܼ򵥣ȴǳЧ
һԼǿߣǿ߷ۡ
ߵ龳޵ԼǵзѣֻҪκǿ߽Ƭᷢ𹥻ֻΪɱǿߵıĲȡΪûãߵ龳ޱҲûǻۡ
֮ǰʱϮԼѾᡣ
ֻҪʱʱιعʵͻᡮšԼȻЩعʵͬܰǧ󣬵ԼѾҪټ϶ڸߵ龳ްԼնı˵Ǿţһë
Ҹ֣Ҳøнˮô
Ҫǣߵ龳޾ƴȫҲԼû취
ʮΣ
ٶʮˡַɨƬֱ©
ջһûʲôϡ棬Ѽֲ֣Լϵʮ֮࣬һһν
ϧãʮȫǳ
100澧һۣҲ3300澧1000澧´࣬Լкܶʣࡣ
˵һضǳ
ô뿪
ַ黹ЩӣܵһʼԼȷֻΪ1000澧һֻսֱǿеĸоѹͶԼʮܡ
ż
ȹʮ꣬ͱ׼پ١
ַ¶һĨЦݡ
£ȨѡȨѾԼС



2306 ʮ
ջ١
Ͼǿ߶ȥֻɱĸߣҲʹﵽͨ׼ΪֻݶС
ʣµģǶڹīĳǿߣٻᡮ·Ƭ
ַҲںϾջѾ㹻ˡ
ȹīκһǿ߶ࡣ
ܼ۷27536ַһ£ʮ⣬۷Լ˵ѾûʲôôԴһƽ10澧һҲмǧ֮
лвٶ۷ֵȳ
˵Щ۷Ϻ󣬶ܷһãԼôѡԲȥ϶۷
ռϵڼס
ϵոҫ
ַϵսס
̲ؿռ䷨ڼףǹϵոҫͬΪڼ׵ļֵԶԶոҫ
һڼױȽϡ٣սףԲʵҪǳ֮ߣڼױǿռϵģΪֵƽеһջ֮һ
൱ݳޡ
ϵոҫҲڶսַѡһһΪϵȰϵԸ涼ҪɫΪոҫװаͷսѥǿ߽Ƿ
ս״νΪôҪȥϡ
ڼ弴ãֱܷӲ׹Чġ
Ȼ̲ܽص򷢻ӳս׵Ĳһ̨ףֻʱ̫١
Ľռǻ𡯣֮ĹطԼδͷ
ط·;޷һ͡
Ѷ
˵ɱ൱ףΪսһԲΪ۷ѷɫһȣ˸̭֮ʱ
ձߵ龳͵ϮֱһС룬ܵشǿΪܣԼ䡣
ڵڼ׺ոҫ㱻ֱ͵ϮҲֻˡ
ħ֮󡣡ַ֣Ǳһħǣ˲ɢһϵָĺɫħ
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ڵڴϵ޷ʹá
仹ϵϵ͹ϵʱδϣ̰ᣬħ֮޷ȫӹЧ
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ħ֮ΪҪڰħо޴úЧͬŰ֮ǿǿǰսܽȼü֮
ʣ꣡
͸ڶӵָıܷӱɱǿڼ׺ոҫҵսѷɫλﵽ׼
ܸĹⰵط١һ٣λУҶΪ⣡
ַץʱ䡣
Ĺⰵط١ҪѣֻǹⰵĻط֮ѡⰵطΪ١ɳ
һ٣ɱⰵһ
ڶ٣䣬ⰵڶ
٣𣬹ⰵ
䱾ڹط뵶ںϣΪ¿̫硣һ١ɱĿǰⰵڶΪٶȻἫ
ĵڶ١䡯еһɱĻ죬ǿܽĿǰڶ쾡¡
𣬸˵
浽ʱζ޵С
£ԡħ֮󡯵嵵ΪҪĿ̺꣬طħ֮嵵ʵطϑħ֮Ρ
ط̶Խߣħ֮ĵԽߡ
ৣַ˫Ѫ졣
ɰħ֮壬ӿƣ֮ǰԼʵЩţԸΪ²òðһա
ֱӳܣ򷽲̡
ħ֮ҪѪҺںϣ
ڷΪħԣᣬַ־ʮּţܰħ֮Ӱ죬ħ
սзա
зҲ
޷ħ֮ڶ׼飬Σսأһַʱɱ˾ԼˣԼԼˣ

ԣָо
ˣ
Ժгޱɱ¾ַѪĿɣħ
ʱ侫ĿѪ֮ɫǻָھʮʱַ̣ѳɫָﵽħ֮ڶ׼
ãַסȭ



2307 ׼
ʱ䣬
ʮʱ䣬գۼţַʮ߿ߣտʼȷʵ֣ˣҵ֮˳˳ˮ̩
͸ߵ龳޵ġƽΪԼһ֮أ൱ɹ۵ĲƸ档
۷27536
īǵǿߣƶǰʮջ
ϲߣʱ龳սͱ׼𣬲κַǰһǻص֮ǰĶܶռ֮С
в
ѻܼ211澧Եȶ澧ɶһѹעƷ
ѻʱ⹫˾ͨԱݣǰзǽֹ˾ע
ѻõӶӶݣǰзǽӶݵǼǡ

һĽǰӫʾֱַۻҡΪڲμʱ龳սǰַʵδ̫ϸϸڣʶЩܳ
211澧ڽī֮ǰĽϸ֪
10澧Ϊ201澧Ϊѹעʣ10ϵ1ϵʵҲ21澧
֮ͱ׼䲻Ҳֻ˵ǲѡ
ϸ˵һ̨ףзǽ̨ףʵݣʵʵзǽ㡣
һ۹һǣƫ֮أĵ۶
඼ͨݣֻ˵ࡣ
ѹǰҲûᣬݹȫʵҲʱ⹫˾ͨԱݺ͵ӶӶݱȽ󡣡ַ忴ȫ
ͷĽǱҪࡣ
ǵӶӶݣҪ֪һӶǣҪ񣬺ķѶپֱһ͡
ҲɿзǽΣͷΪһݶӣʱ⹫˾͵ӶΪҪͷٲȻﲢޡ
·ֹɴ˾ڣһУ䱦ׯＯŵȵȣڵڶݶӣǰ֮ǰһ
ֹɴ˾ƾްԣзǽ粢ǡ
һɽһɽߡ
ڵݶӣǶţëȽ֮£ݶӵĽʵڣиϢΪ
зʼУڡ

̣ͽ

Ϣ൱֮ࡣ
дģҲǿʢģϯλԿѡзǽ簲ҵʵǲѡ񣬱ͨзǽľλһЩ
Ͼõͱ׼Ĳߣ䱾Ѿ൱ס
ʵһשַԵݶûκȤԼ˵ǵȻǸֹɴ˾ıϯλ
ǰͨ׼ĸֹɴ˾ô
ַٿĿǰƺͷˡǵݶһЩ룬ﵽ׼ܾܿǵڶݶЩǿͼˡ
Ҳ˵ͨһ飬ɳ׼Ҿֹܼɴ˾ˣ
ڴ
ӳڶԼıǸֹɴ˾ʶǰǿƣѲӡ
ǰֻǱԱ
ڸֹɴ˾ʿֻĩ
ϸȫϡ
өĻֳѡһΪμӣս׼һǼþգջ뿪ʱ龳̤зǽ硣
һãһ
μӣܻø棬ͬʱҲɥʧһУõġ
ֱַӴⰴť
ûʲôԥģ㲻ΪΪֹɴ˾ԼҲʹĥʱ龳սȻΣգΣ
ߣͱ׼սԼûˣͺո̤սһ
ѪҺſʼȼգҪ
ǲԸ⡣
ʱ龳ʱ1:100
׼񡪡
1000꣬һһо
ÿɱ1ߣѡҪ100꣬һо
ÿɱ1ͷе龳ޣҪ10ꣻÿɱ1ͷߵ龳ޣҪ100ꣻɱ1ͷ龳ޣɡ
׼ص㣬ַϵбĤ뵣ǿߡ
201澧Ѵʱ˻ÿ1澧ɶһҪ1ꡣ

ַϸϸĶ
׼ƺԼҪһ㣬˵ͱ׼Ľװ档
ȻҪߣһһЩǱɺϵرǿĽǿߡ
ͱ׼ǿߣ1:100ʱ˵ҲǰʮĲߡ
ϸϸȴвè崦ڡ



2308 ַϵ
ʱ龳࣬25зǽ1ܼ36ȡƽ4.5򣬴ﵽͱ׼һɱ㣬4500ߡ
һμӣһ뿪һӦ2200ߡ
ʮ22000ߣǼ߹˲أַϵǽģҲ10000ҡ
ȷʵࡣ
ԶѷɫīǵĲߣв̶Ȼ
һ㣬ַ
Ϊӹīӱģÿһλеٮٮߣ˵ԭѾںַϵЩλ
ǣǾʤ̭Ĵߣʵǳֲ
ǰ300ǹؼַ⣺ǰ300꣬ǾͳɺַϵмεĲߣЩǿߵߣҲӣȴʱ䵽
оôڣȫɱĲߣɱһ
ֻǡ
ַԵڶЩɻ
ÿɱ1ߣѡҪ100꣬һǡ
ɱĳɹѡ⣿
оȡһΪ裬ȡôʲôôַϸ򣬶ֻδᣬԽأԽá
Ϊ⡯
Ϊʱսʹš⡯֡
Լ֮ǰȡ201澧Ҳ൱ڼ201ʱ䣬߸ѡ񣬵ôƺûô򵥡
ǽֻǡ壿ַ²֪
ϸһȻûͷ֮һߣܶҪȥŻ֪Լ֮ǰԺַϵжϣҲֻǸܲ⣬һΪʵ
ǰһЩ׼ǱҪġ
龳ޡ
ڵʵҪɱߵ龳޿»Щǿɱе龳Ӧû⣬ڶ龳ޣǱ֮󼪡
ħ֮ڶַʵġ
½īǣҲĺλ⣬նɱʮ߽ס
ĺַϵֻǿ
ÿһѶԸ
ռоһʱڵʵƫ£ССģؾأúȵһ紵ߴ뿪ʱȡо١
ϸ˼ַ뿪ռ䡣
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ռתռУ涸Ȼ仯˲ʱһƬˮϣԼһƬ֮У
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û뵽뿪ʱں֮Уһν뻹ںС
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Ӧòǡַ⣬ǺԼ֮ǰӹī뿪ĵطнӣҲţ벻õīһս
ڹīãһʵµģͲһ
ͱ׼Ĳߣûһǡ
Ĵ̽Ѱһ顣ַѸͷųԿգ򣬾ԿյͷŻԼ¶Ϣߵ龳޵ͷֿԡ
Լڼ׺ոҫֲķһֻܷӳȷã޷ܡ
ߣǺַϵǹīǡ
ߵ龳⣬иµĶ龳ޣֹ뻷Ϣ¹ո¶κϢֲ˹
ʵǿ£
֪ǷЧַ尵ԼҲ֮ܵĽܲûкϸȴŶ龳޵һл
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龳룬кܴܡ
Ҫֲ̫ˡַҲǾΣգԼսֻ׶༪١
Ӧûôɡ
龳ޣַϵҲͷ֮ǰīǵĸߵ龳һ
ҪײϾߴˡ
Ա˵Լײϸߵ龳޵ļʻһЩ

Ͽգһźɫǿ߷ɳ۶һ˫ڵͫħ֮ɫӸ߸̣ϳۼס
ÿһĶ·ʱɫļϸܲŰ֮ɫ󣬼Ϊ֮ͨ
зǽλĩӡ
ʱ䣬ӦòˡǿߡĩӡԾ˵ٶȺͱڿзɳţŤռ䣬֮ƿǵ˾˾硣
еı٣ʮֿɲ
Щɱˡ˭һ㡣ĩĴѰϢȫ̽ڵͫɨţٿ΢΢һ٣ĩͫŴֱ·

ںû

ĩŤֱںϷצˮ
˻Цĩſ⣺û뵽Ǹ񼶱ˣˬ̵ˬ
һо֣
̣
ƿպˮĩӰŤ롣



2309 
Уַϸϸ̽
ڹīǣ˸ߵ龳ޣȻûУĺˮƽ˾Կյſռ䷨ҳϵ
ٿȻ䣬һӴѹʽĳ֣϶¸
Ȼˮѹ赲סǿµİŤǿʢİ·ҪƬƵġ
ˣˣ
û취ַ˲ʱս׼ͷԿ֮ʱԼܵ龳ޣܲߡ
ԼϢԿղС
ȻںϢݣֻҪ󣬻΢ĸӦ

ַԲ塣
Ȼμʱ龳ս϶ҪǿߣѲһֱôϲսսʵķʵȹīʱ˲ͻơ
Ѵﵽλ׼
ħ֮󣬵һַ˲ʱսģʽʳָϳֺɫָɫѪҺһɿתȫ
ħطϑħ֮

µİħӰַ֣˫͸һ˿Ѫ죬սɲǼ䣬Կ׶Σٶȼ졣
ϑħ֮Ĳսǿȫĵ
µһ֮ǰɱ⣬ȫ棬ۺѷɫй֮
~Կշڣʮ׶εԿֻе۷׶иߵ۷ṩս
ֱӳֵǿߡĩӡʱת˲ʱԿײ
˻
߿쳹ʱ䲨Կ˲ֹͣΧʱ仺ַֻǰһΣǿߵĹǵ˫絶ŤƿһС
쵶
ַ֣Ե֮
ǿУⰵڶ콻ƺħƣϑħ֮ǿÿһֲ֣ܵ㾫ǿͬô˵
Ӳ
ʲôĩ֮һоһɿ¾ķ˲ʱ飬Ĺֱӱжϣȥʧɫôôǿ
ĩȫףһǿ
һˣδüعΧռ˺Ѱ㣬գۼĩ˫ͫĿɴ͵һս¶ɣһӲǲӼ
䣡
־ϮǱرˣɲ֮䡣
ЩСַĩӣȻʧ֮Ĺַٶռ£սⰻȻ
Ϊ
ַԼߣܱ⡣
ڹó־սʵٮٮߵλԼȻˣ֮Ĺսϣȱ
˵ͿԺͷͬˡ
λÿһ򵥡
ַѸٱȫϑħ֮ڶ޷ȶӣ»ᷴɵȺ֢ѹ˲ãַΡ
ռƸߵ㹥ܸκηѹϡ
ħ֮ڶŸɣԼսʱľۣܽüСοڰħԼӦ

һαĹĩѩϼ˪ͷһ͹Դѣˮиѷӳհٶƣֱĩŭ

ҹ
ĩӷƵķ־൱ǿ͸žɱ¾츳ȫ嶼ŤԽ޴жϣٶޣĩӱսǿᡣ
ֹӵа츳ʱǿѪ
~~~
һ΢紵ʱԽԽڴʱݵĿռȻȫӰ졣
ɶ񣬶۷򣡡ĩҧгݣ޲һ
ΪҪ½ٶϰƿؾƱͺǿҲΣˮС
ܵӰ졣
ȥĩȫҧ飬ͣҪתƣȻڵʧȻ˵ˡ
ӳƽҲֻǷͥռݾϷ硣
䣡䣡䣡
ֵĹһһײӲģ޲ĩ֣ԭֻˣȴû뵽Ӳӡ
ɶ񣡡ĩƴַһǣʱ츳߾ȫһữѼ⵶ƿˮܡ
´ռǿĩӺں
۷סңˣĩѸӴϿգŭ裬ԹĿϢָʵ
һΣҪɱ࣡
ڴʱһޱȿµ·ڶɣռ򷢻ӵ¡
Կգַ꣡˫ȼϑħ֮Կʱ٣ѹһС
ĩ˫ͨ죬ޱȿ־塣



2310 о
ɱ
Կշӵȫʱεȿ¡
ַºɫΪ߽׶ΣռʱϣΪܣħ֮ڶԭԿշӵ£Ҳֻǽӽ۷
ڷӵޣȴ
ֻҪӵꡯҪʱѻһԿյߣһӵ£Կյ൱ɹ۵ġ
ϱǿṥַնɱһλ
ַչüһЦȻҲᣬȴֵãջ񣬸ԼսĿ϶
Լӵλʵ
ʵ䲢£սʱķźܴ󲨶սռϷ磬һַš
ΪСսĥ³ɳġ
~ǰһɫѪ֣ɼһɫӡǣѶϢԺи֡
оַȻ
Ȼ֪ʲôãҪ֮һ֮û
ﵽ׼һǻһоһǧꡣԭԼ꣬ȥɱ߻ȡоûҪ
ߵ龳ޣԹīкǿĵ
һһ뿪
龳ӦҲһ
ַάԿգѸٻָս
Կշѵ£ܽ㣬Ȼľ޴ԼӵΪܣҲֲ
ʱ仹ǿά֡
̽Ƭȷû龳޴ڣҾϢַ岻ıԣΪûбһʤͷԡ
ԼֻǸսַϵ
ʵԣȻеƫ£ԿշӼޣӵǿҲֻеȲεʵӮһʲô
һƬ̶
ζû龳ޣƬû龳ޣԭ֮ɱˡ֮ܶлûУ̽һȦ֪Ϊ龳޻ᡮ
ûǻֻۣбܡ
ַ̽ٶȲ̶ʮձ֮̽һй֮ǰһսľ飬ֳַܴԿգǱ뺣ԿյϢѹƵ㡣
Чǲ
ʮδߡ
ޣַٿ֮һԿյУһϤӰٶȣ뺣ʯڣ۸κ
߳
ߵ龳ԾٶϮɱ
ײһͷַ岻ЦԿ˲ʱȫƴﵽ£ħ֮һħӰ󣬰ĽֱӺ

֮ͬĹħ֮Կǿѳߵ龳޵Ĺ
ڵȹīʱҪǿöࡣ
䣡䣡䣡
ƴɱַԸߵ龳Ϥԣȵȡڹīûɱڡ
㹻
ظʹúɫ֮Ӧǿս޿赲һʱʤߵ龳ޣռϷ硣
۳־սóġ
һսոߵ龳޻һƬޣɱ
Ҫֻʣ900ꡣַһЦΪҪһ꣬ǶԼս⣬һ̨ס
Լķڼ׺ոҫ£±ߵ龳޹ôΣҲֻܵˡ

ַץʱ䡣
Կջܵ̽ƬַһԿջָȻɿɷָߵ龳ޣҪɱˡ
û򣬲ܶࡣ
ε򣬲Ԥơ

̽ɣ
~~ַ峷ȥԿգʱڿռĴźɫеľ޶ҲǿտҲ
ҪάԿգǺֲܿ
ԼڵĿռһСˮͰһƬǰ޴µ
ܼе龳ޣһߵ龳ޣ150Ҫʱ䡣
ˡ
ֻҪ850Ҫ󼴿ɣʱʺڻ201澧Ҳɼ200ʱ䣬ֻ֮600ܴﵽ׼
򵥡
ַһЦ
ԴʯϢԼȫ԰ȴʱľоѵ֡
ҸĵطַȲ
ս֪зǽǿ߶ţëԼµʵԶδ֮ʱ뾡ʵսµĲΡ
ΣԼԸȴԵľ
ĵԼģȥչʵٵ·õ׼
ܿ죡
ܿ죬Ҿͻʵ
ַš



2311 ط
ʵϣַȻԹʼʩסߵ龳ޣԼΪնǿߣߵ龳֮ɱһһĲߡ
һƬ̫󣬺Լ֮ǰڹīǵĺ𣬸ߵ龳޵زƬ򣬶һ֣Ҫȫòٿѡ
򣬺ַϵĲߺ͹īǵĲȫʵײ㡣
ǲֹӵаһǿսʮ㾭飬ߵ龳޵ϮƩڵԼ㲻ͷԿգҲܵסߵ龳͵Ϯ
ʶ׼Ҫ󣬻ɱߵ龳ֻǼһʱ䣬ֱӹء
ҲҪģԼ밲
ռıڹīռٻȡʵδǿߣԼ׬ȡģΪѡ
Ŀ⣬ֻǰ档
һ㣬ַ
ʵ֧뷨ʱΨа
ûнݾ
ںûκθţǱޣַδרע֮һǷɢʱȾԼ֮һҲһɹ
꣬һǿ˵Ҫ̫ѡ
ˣÿһһ޷սÿһ֮ƺϵԽ
ߣԼҲܴҵĿǰʺϵǱ֮
һꡣ
ꡣ
ꡣ

ںаַ
ºַϵףҲ޹أ֪ʱѹ룬һȻûرСǿ١
ֱӵģǽԿתµ
Ѫħӡ
ϵĳ
ĩһսߵ龳һսַ֪һҪԣȱǿѹƵˣƽ֮Ҳǿ
иǿҲɼӰѹơ
ԿճʼƷֻ̫ͣе۷㷢ӵ£Ҳֻǳʮ굽̡̫꣬
ÿһΣܷӼ
пսڣԼΪޣ˻ܡ
ѪħӲֻͬǳԼǹⰵ죬ħ֮ȻֻܷʼѪħӣѲԿա
ɽ׵Ѫħӣ¡
ﵽռԼĿǰΪʩչе
Ѫħӵ֮⣬ϵոҫħ֮Ҳͬ򣬲ֹҪƶطΪ
طʮԴĲΡ
ȫʮԴ󣬱طͬطɲͬʮԴɡ
ʮԴµطϣΪһطʮԴԴطϣΪĽطԴǧԴطϣΪ嵽طǧԴ9999ԴΪߵ˽ط
ԴϵϣΪŽط
ÿط̶ȷΪšСɡɼԲþŽطԲʱζ
ȻҪΪߣѴң棬ֻ֮һ
ⰵıʣʵҲطϣ˫ͬϣƩⰵ죬ʵǹϵ4999Դ밵ϵ4999Դϣܼ9998ԴϣΪӽ9999Դ
ʶⰵãӵ۷ʵ൱ڿռʱط˽ס
սΣҪµöࡣ
һҪⰵ죬ǼΪѵģʶַѡֱ֣֮Դ1021ϵոҫͰ֮Դ1259ϵħ֮
ϵ£Ϊطռ
ܷ׵طǿ֮ھδܽطԲܷӳ׹ЧӽԲ
ܽطԲ绢ֹܼʩչʱ䣬ʡġ
Ȼ֮Դ1021ǧԴϣﵽ߽ס
ħ֮İ֮ԴΪ1259ϣҲֻط۷壬δ߽ףҪ999ϴﵽ۷壬ѡ
߽ףΪеҲǰĽǵĲΡ
ǧԴϣڹ⡢ԴϣкܴģãԴн
ҪһӴ998Դ9998ԴϣѶȲһĴ
һ㣬ַ
ͺ޴̨ףҪһȥ̫ѣмһС̤壬С̤ȫͬ
˳ţոҫħ֮ʩչҲǿս
ոҫܷӵڶħ֮Ҳѿͬʱ䣬ĴҲ࣬µĳΡ
ԼҪģǽһڻͨ
սѷ
ȥǿߵ߰˰ˣڵսںַϵϲλãԱ
óȥˡ



2312 ѡ
350ʱ䡣
ַԸĻԿ201澧һ201ʱ䣬ʵ׼ʸѾ֣ôزصͨԸ
ͺսһııȵĻܡ
~~ˮĽַؼա
ָоδ磬ֵսһֱں֮У·Ƕĥƽˡ
~
𶯣˷ȸԾ
ѣҲȲ˰ɡ
Ҳǡ
ַպãĵϡ
Ȼòһ·Լɳ뵶֮Ϻϵܱ⡣
ʱ򣬻һзǽǿˣ

ַϵǡ
˳ˣһƺװ䱸λ˳ò˰ٷ硣
ʱ龳սǡ˳ӰȻԵãбҫɫʣޱеչ־
˳޵С
зǽȻǣǿߣǺǣ̫ˡ
Ӷʱ˳üŨŨԺ
һֵͱ׼ˣʱձɣɱʮߣ׾٣׺ַϵڶֵĳ׼ս
ӦûЩҸе̼Ķ˰ɣ˳΢ȻһЦѰҵˣٿһӴѹ·Ѫɫħʣֲİѹ˲֣ȫ

ʲô˳Ӵʧɫֲ͵Ϯĵ֮ǰһϢӦûС
밵ңûţ
˳ӷӦҲǼ죬˲ʱ׳׹ĶѪɫħӣƸȻ
䣡
ռ˺ѣǵĹ׳˲˳ӻæܣʱͬʱĻƽսҫ
һ壬˳䱻ģ
͵ϮǹȴԶԶԤ֮⡣
类ɽײֲӿռĿӿֱ˳Ѫ󳷣δüͷţѪħݣѪħ֮С
ҹ
˳ŭʱһԲػһ˲䣬ǵĹǳ֣·ռҪۼƵģͷٶȼ졣
ɶ񣡡˳ӳԹһο¹۸㡣
ս£ֳʲôӶûȫ̰򣬼ֱ裡
ٿأ̹ᾣһ亹˳Ӷͷð¾ҹеĴ̿Ͱ˷ʤ
ʲô˳Ӵʧɫ
ƽսͷųɫâ˳Ӻһɫư棬᲻ɴݡԺǰռͬʱ˳Ӳй
ãѪħٴݡ
Ӳѻƽս׷δ˳̫صˡѪħӵѹ޴ڣһǿɫħŨ
ɶ񣡡˳Ӹȫ̰򣬶־ͺͷƵģڸ
ʱǼǸ͵Ϯòһ꣡
ǵκ
һνߣƣ;ס˳Ӵʱ֪ͷβֻһ֣򱻶ƿأʶٹأԤ⡣
쵶ַ˫ͨ죬͹
ħ֮ʱȼսȫ޴ڿںͷţֲѹʮ㣬˳Ӹѩϼ˪޿ɵֵ

ܣ
˳ô

Ъ˹˳Ǻƴ
ܱʵַսĲ࣬Ȼʧȥս־ѩԽԽŻƽս׷ַȫ˺飬˳ȥ
һս䶨
ַ߳նɱ˳ӣѪ߿˷ܲѡⲻһλѪҺÿһնʳƷ֮
ϧһսסַ鲻սףʵˡ
Լ˾ţ֮Ž޷ɱˡȻʧһջȻޱȾˡ
ļַ循
Լ39һԵõļǼΪСңļУһе
ÿһе۶1000澧
ǿıַḧ̲صϢԼĺÿǿˣĽ⡣
ͬһЩһЩռ䡢ʱĹһЩ
е1500澧һλ2000澧ϡ
~Ժٿһ˿ͷֶ
ռ䣬ǰѡ100ʱ䣬Ҳо
ѡ



2313 뷨Ѿı
ַ΢΢һȻ
֮ǰڶռʱҪдÿɱ1ߣѡҪ100꣬һо
ֻǵһλɱʱֱӰԼѡоΪǻҪ
ڣѾˣʶΪѡ⡣
ֻǡоʲôãַЩ棬ϵӡǣ˼ãʼûһ׼ȷ𰸡
Ȼ֪ãһӦû
Ͼر𹫲Ҫ󡣡
ַܿ
ʵѡΪԼڲ100ʱ䡣
ʱ䣬ԽԽá
Ÿձչһʵڻͨûڼʱ䣬Ͼʱֻʣ350ˡ
ټ٣ûˡ
ৣ~
ϣֵڶɫӡǣַתһЦҲδ⡣
ôΣûǿ
ӦһˡַʵֱǷ˺ܼ򵥣лɱǿߣôϱȻԼһѪɫӡ֮ǰɱĵ˲ûС
䴢ָɲ٣伮ἰΡ
˳ӣʵ޵УС츳ǷлҴ࣬ʤ
ܹ˸λ˳дϯ
ƺܻ࣬ҪǿһЩ
˳ӵʵűҪǿ
ַױֱܷ档
ʵϣԼձ֣ʵλֻ׼Լջɱ˳ӣϵȡ
˳ڹīǶǻɱʮɽġ
ҪʵϾһвͨġ
зǽ磬ȷľ
֣Ҫ
ַͷ
ָЩսⰻȻѰߡ

ϣҷ׳ʡ
˳ӿʼַչ֮á
ս
Ŀ꣬ԥ
꣬һַ죬˸췭ظʵͲºַϵһһ
ٹأϢǿǼռս
˳ʵԾδػַ壬ϵⳡսȴһ浹Ҫ֪˳ӵΪʵѾﵽ׼ʸ
һ
һ㣬ˡ
ٲ뿪ǣһǹ֪
浹ùֵܣһ
ϣŸ
λಫΪûҪɱһõоҸĵطǱǧܴɳ׼ΪҪðôգ
͹īǲַͬܽϵģûһߡ
ַر٣ʵޱţҲһֱɱ¾ɱɳ׼ˣϾܻзա
ѱһ꣬һرµǿߡ
ѱᱻλϻɱ
ѱڶ龳צ¡
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ʮ߸ʱַѾʮ߸Ѫɫӡɱ¾ĳɹгһˡ
Ϊ˾ǳҸַϵδҵʵ֮أʶ׻ɱ
࡮ˡصʵʵϢرطҵ벻ס
ԼҪҲûʲôҵԼ
ʵϣַѾ뿪
ǿɱ뿪ֻǽʱ˻ڵ201澧һܴﵽ׼
δʱ
ҵĵѾΡ
һ㣡
ܹ꣬
ɱ¾ַǳ
սнսʮ߸ֵĻɱÿһһ˳ħ֮Ѵӵĵոҫӵڶ
ģǵ
˳ӵĵһսַѾ֪Լµĵ޷ΪɱУƽӹǬҲ޹ڵļ¼ǬĻ˵
Լȥ
εǻ
Ϲ⡢ʮںϣڻͨ±ܾһطΪȻ̣ΨдʺԼĵӵ֮
ǰֻгΡ
ڣѽΡ
ľһһսսʤʵԼǿĶ֡ǣַԼѾûʲô֡
һ·ĵ·ԼģǾ޴Ľ
ԼѾʵʵʵеĵȥ׼ʸ
ڣӦòǰˡַݸһЦȴ㣬սԽʵԽԼԽȥ
ԭõ׼ʸͣ£ڡ
뷨Ѿı䡣
Լ뿴һ
һ֣м׼߼׼׼зǽǿǣʵжǿ



2314 
ǣ޾Į
ɳأ޼ʣֲķɳҪһжɣɲɱ¾ϢĴѪ׺գһ̷̺ٷɱ
Ѫսȫ飬ɫ԰׺Ѫɫһ֪˲ᡣ
أĮַһ
ԶӰһģһ׷ϡ

СӣӲ˵ģ
ɣ
СģĹͷӣԶֵܡӣɫͫһѪڿΪ㤣ִֵܸһѽΪλ
ȻֻǱ׼λʵ˫̥ϬޱĬ
ǣϺŵǿߡ
Ȼǽ˵һ˼㣬һΪ
ϣʮɫӡǣʮĿ
ΪɳǾҲˣ磬˵첻档
ﻹûֵҲˣù
ҵв磿
Уҵģ
ֵܱ׷ϱ֣߳ϷִȫأĮ
ʵϣҲȷˡ
֮ǰѽֹһΣأĮаˣֵܺ׷ᡣֻ޷˲ƣٶ׷ϣûмٵطҶûʲôơ
ңأĮΪó׷ѡ
нѴﵽλ׼ʵҪﵽ׼ʵףǶóܴ
ԭֻһ֮ңƫƫʱֵ̱ܷ֡

һҪ
Ѫ죬أĮ־ᶨ
ɱֳŷǱѰ־¾

ޣ
Ϣ
ַѰٿһԶ
ɳնڸǣһĻĮشַ漴˳Ϣķȥʱѹ˰꣬˵ֻʣʮꡣ
һûȥ䲻̫󣬵Ҫ̤ÿһطʵҲס
ַû뿪ǣΪûҪǼ൱룬ԶԾǣúķѶʱ
ܰ̽߰˰ˣѾ㡣
Ȼֻʣʮ㽫ַ岢δϣҪˣڣʵƾʱ˻201澧ʱܽ
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ܵ治ǰ꣬Ϊһ˵ĵʵҲ̫࣬Ͼʵ
ʮδսµĵڹؼ׶Σսַ֮á
ݣһϢԽԽǿҡ
Ϣ˲Ӧַһ£ǾȣΪһϢԼǳϤǵպԼһǿߡأĮ
ţ
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ԼѾ˰˰ٶ꣬ӦҲ˶٣ӽ
ơƺЩַһЦ俴ܸоأĮϢϢг۷Ҳܺױзʲô
أĮڱ׷ɱ
ֵλ׷ɱ
⣬ַԼҲ£֮ǰսһԹսдǵзѣʵ뷨һ£Ҳǻ£ﻥ
أĮԣƺȴ֮֡
ңˡַ΢ȻһЦħ֮Ѹͷųڹ⣬â֣Ӱ⣬ٱ

޾Į׷Ȼڼ
أĮѪԽԽڲϱأĮ־ǿЩ鲢ǵ־ܹ
ܲ˰ɣ
ٺ٣СһԼԹɣٳԵͷ
үү~
ֵ޼ɵصţʱЦü䶼Ц˻ܡ
أĮҧأ˫ȻᶨͫȴѾЩɢѪĴɥʧؿСľʹ޲ԼƲϼء
ҲأĮȴԽԽ
ϢԽԽǿԽԽ·Ҫͷϣɱ
أĮ˫ֱͫɣȫѪ˿
ģôȥ
~~~
һƬ޴ɫħͻأس֣أĮͬʱཫֵУͻı仯أĮֵܸ֮Ŀࡣ
̬Ѫħӣ
Ѫħдܳ޹ֵܡ
ַȻ
ҡַأĮ𣬺߶ʱס
䣡
֮ĹֱӺĺɫֱȡֵܣҫĺɫâľɱ䡣
ϰλѪսɱޡ
۷



2315 ֵܣл˵
ÿһֱмޣսҲ⡣
ȷаϵص㣬ֹܹģһ˵ǱҲ޾м¡
սõļ£Ƕ۷
ͬ۷ս⵶֮

ַһ֣֮ƣͿռ·ռȨԼľãﲻκԥ˵ʴȡ
Ҫô֣һֱҪȫԸκλᣡ
ͬʵսȳռݾƵһиȡʤᡣ
ĽǺ󣬺ֱ󣬴˵ϢƳ̶ȣһģһòַ֪ó
ϸʮѪɫӡн٣֮ԼҲֻһЩ
Ķ֣򵥡
˭
Ĺ
ʱģæ
˵ӰȻûַģǵĴԲм٣ֵܺ
ǰһǿ߿ʼɱ¾Ϊֹɱǿѹ
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ַѪɫӡĿЩѪɫӡȷûκãȴµ
ʵĴ뺷ս
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ֻһλ񰡣
䣡ַ嵶٣ħ֮ոҫػľĵԳΣ˵ǳΣط̤ż
Ҫ뻹ôﵽСɡ
˵ˣǳ쵶УϾ߲μԲ࣬һԴʮԴĵһǾﵽʮԴſʼĵ
һУħɣԴϑħ֮طƣڵ֮Уͬʱħ֮԰ħ֮Ϊҫ֮Ϊ
һͷýħĴʳޱⲫײޱߡ
ַʱħ֮ศɣ
̶˲䣬ѱƵǱƴ
ֵܴ޵֣Էʡ͵ĵƣֵܲʮ㣬ɱ˶ǿߣõҲޱӴ
ַͬȱ
䣡ˮɫս飬¶һ°ڼףܹʵޱȣ˲ᣬӲǵסַһǿṥ
ֵܣл˵ǱסĽǣǳ֧Ԯ󣬴󺰵
ǱҪǿɲַɱ¾ٵǿ߶ս
߳
ٿأһӺ󷽴
ַĵȻͬĵĮɽѸף䣬ȴ걬ѣֲ˹۳־սʵһ㣬۱ȴޱȾˡ
أĮ
ѪշϬǡ
ܲҰޱȣѪľ޴󣬵Ȼԥվ˳ӲǴмס󣬵죬ȫˣһ˫ͫѪ˿־ˡ
áַаһ
ԼһҪԸֵܣʵѹ򣬵أĮס֮һԶԶƾȫͬˡǰСòĵˣλű֮ǿս
ȴǡ
ĵˣ䱻ԼɱѾ̫̫ࡣ
ĵַȫĸָǣźڰϢħȻ֣ײɱޱȣŵ֮øӿֲ
ͺȣ
ɱ¾Ϣˡ
ַĹǿᣬ޺֮ǣȫ£ǵֱɫ䣬Ǽ°ڼף޷ػס
һǿߣû㹻ǿսٶıҲǰ״
䣡ĽֱشҪܵ£ɴһն¡Ѫɽ֮쳹񷣬䣬˫ģʹֱӷ
ȥЪ˹عñشأĮΪ̣ѪƽһأֱָĿڵĹʱȫ
߳
ۿĽҪ̴أĮࡣ
ٿȻֵһɫսһ浶磬ҫһȫգַĵħʱȴĿ崺硣
ڶУػ
ԹϵոҫطոҫػΪϲְַĵڶУĵ
֮ǰĵУǺ
ԹȽףȽʵͬܺɽʵ
ҡַأĮ𣬺ĵһ崺磬ҫأĮӣĮɽһƸм֮ɫأȥ



2316 Ժ
һһԡ
ʧȥϵֵܣͺһ˰һֻǱ׼λƫʵ˵䲻ģֵֿܷò׼ʸ
նɱ
սַ˵û˿
־սóģҾɱս涼ַ壬λеٮٮߣ
Ѿ˽аλս
Ƕడַ̾һ
ɱС˫̥ջϰټһеԼջ
оѪɫӡֻ۷ȴզࡣ
Ȼǻɱǿߣջķᰡַ彫ȫ𣬿ϧеһꪱԼá
üǮҲ
ɱĴ඼ˣһѾַһջС˫̥սƷԼնе223۷ǹǧ
ȹīʱջ񣬳屶ϣ
ʱֻǶ㣬ڿ»ڼӬͷСַһЦ־ƣԼֻƫһǣֱȻȻջҲ̫ࡣ
ڣһսջϰټ
ԼǮ˵ѳ10000澧
лвٱ࣬࣬ȵȣ۷еɱС˫̥Թն񳬳30000澧
ˡַҲ⡣
ֻʣʮʱ䣬ѰҲҲʲô̫õĶ֣ˣһصĲأʤ̭ˣСôҵ
ȥǱһʵ
ħɵĹӦûٸһ¡
ػķ͵пϵȫγһ̬ơ

ַ˼
սС˫̥һսջǲƵģԴġӵµĸ
ʵֹ

ǣ˹ġ
һС
أĮһٿһһͷ˵Ұǣ͵شľϴ𣬱ͫɱ¾Ϣ˲ʱɢɨܡ
ˣַڴŴ
ңأĮʱѶ˵СЩ˺ʹ
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лأĮԺѻһУͬ꣬л
ףѩ̿ѡ
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û¡أĮҡҡͷ
ַһЦҲٶʡ
أĮԸ񣬾Ҳˡ
мꣿַ
ꡣأĮ
ַͷУú
԰գٷΪΪףȻֻʣʱ䣬ǾأĮһ󣬷ԼȥĶν
ַȥıӰأĮ˪ƺڻҲࡣ
лһΣأĮȫġ

أĮ뿪ˡ
ʱܶݣܿȥַҲֻʣʮ꣬ﵽҪʱ䣬ֻأĮַͬʱ뿪
һټ
ַԼδŪ뷨
ȥ
ʱ龳սͱ׼ͳ׼һ߸׼֮м׼߼׼׼׼ͳ׼
Ҫʱ䣬ʮ
ϣַμӣʶ磬ʶǿĶ֡ÿһףֻѡ
ЩǰʮǰĲߣʵ֮Ԥ
ںַϵδս֮սУһһεϣսսʵ
Ȼ൱ΣգȴԼ׷ģҪﵽļޡ
ϣǡ
ҵʵڶҲֻǰ
ǰֹ䣬δǰΪͨգûգҾаգַţԸ
ֱԼ֮սѶϵֻ»Ǽϵ
ԽԽ࣡
1000澧Ѿ׬ʮ׬뿪Ҳõ׼ʸ񣬸кܴʼֹɴ˾ΪһԱͬʱҲܻôǮзǽʵ
δػʱ龳սûΣա
Ҫǣʱ䡣
ַ尵⡣
ԼһҪǾԼļϵ֧ţҲֻʣ²ʮ
ҵȥȡ
ɡ˼ַ꣬
᳣УһβûһΣοһǴҲпǶһδ֪ѡ
~~ַһ
ʱ䣬ˡ



2317 ׼
ϲߣʱ龳սĳ׼һַܿص˶ܶռ䡣
һУȻ
ڶλصռ䣬ַࡣ
ѻ703澧ܼƻ713澧Եȶ澧ɶһѹעƷ
ѻʱ⹫˾Աݣǰзǽֹ˾ע
ѻõӶӶݣǰзǽӶݵǼǡ

һĽǰӫ½ʾۻҡ
Ԥ֮У10ϵĽǷֿۻģѹעʽԲۻܼ713澧һԸߵΧڵĿ
Էջַµ۷ջ൱ˣ˵ջ澧ơ
ʱ⹫˾Ա
ӶˣӶݣ
ݵλзǽվȽŸĽͱ׼һ̨ס
ַȥ¶һĨЦݡ
ȻڶཱУܿҵڸֹɴ˾ĽзǽʢӴͨʱ龳ս׼ĲߣԺܸߵࡣ
ֱӼ뾫š
ֹɴ˾ߵǾӢԣʿĴյģ޲ǾӢеľӢۺԴࡣ
ʿͱǿߣֻãκθ
Ȼʱ޵ġ
ʱ޵ĴڣֻΪ˸õؼЩӢǿߵĶģơĩλֶ̭ΣֱȥЩϽľӢǿߡ
˵ֻҪмʸڷΪԱҲλֻʱ⡣
۵ڶݶֹɴ˾ĴԳƵϡϵȡˡַ⡣
ڶݶԼҲ׼ֹɴ˾ο´ȵһС䱦ＯЩ
ԭͱ׼ŵĵݶ䱨ǷˣȨŵ
ֻΪܣݶȵڶݶõࡣ
ַһһ档
ЩݶѾһҪǿȻǺġеȣЩӵλ۷ȣҪѷɫһ
зǽǿһЩֹ֮ɴ˾й֮
Ͼϡ٣ġеȡΣвλһλ˵á
뿪
Ȼֹɴ˾˳ծˡ
ַһЦ
νծһᡣ
1000澧Լ˵ţһë
Լܼջе266۷1509ȥ֮ɸһ
ˣ
оô£кôַٿѪɫӡ125֮ࡣ
࣬ҲԲ١
ַԲΪԼõ125ож࣬ʵԼֻۻֻ꣬ҪĿĵĿս
ЩĿĻȡоǿߣа취ѯϢǧоŶ¡
ޣַ巭꽱ܿ췭һƪ¼
һб
Ϊʱ⹫˾Ӷṩרʱսбﲻתۣؼ⴫Υɱ⡣
ڱؼͨʱ˻򡣡
ɽҪۣҹ˾Ӷ˽гۻա
ʹоɿһ׶һб

ϸһһг
ַ循ޱȣû뵽ﵽ׼ʸȸȻԼǺܶǮҲóЩɶһıҪм۱ˡ
ҪǣֱӶһҪͨκ;
зǽ磬ඥ޷ģΪû򵽣û㹻ǿʵҲᱻ˿
Ҫġ
ʱ⹫˾Ӷˣǿзǽͷ֮һзǽǵĵλ൱һĹϡ
˵ƶзǽĹ
ȻȻзǽԴ
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ҲͼʲôַݸһЦҲ̫⣬ԼһСඣʲôͷǵģ
ȻûУһԼʵڡ
һ㱦⡣ַѸɨһѵһı



2318 
ǰҡ
еı磬ַĿһ¡һ㱦⹲棬ǰȻӡš֣ÿһַ·̲ż
ҲһΪطһΪΪսزȱġ
汦⣬ԵôҪһ㣬Ϊ࡯⡣
ÿһϸ֣Ʃ⣬Ϊ⣬ʱһƬɣտҲʲôҲ
طһͳΪսࡣ
ӵ౦⣬䡢ɴءơȵȣܹʮ𣬼۸1澧9澧ֹ
⡣ַעĿ
ģȻ⣬ԼġǬУҲΪƪƪǬƪ֤ƪ
ֻ桶ǬصֻйⰵΨһһ
ͲͬˣĿ࣬硶׹⽸֮֮𡷡ʮ֧
۸34澧硶׹⽸֮Ϊ9澧
ʮףĿࡣ
㿪׹⽸֮Ϸ֮ȴϸأ֮ԭߣ֮ںϹ֮Ѵޡ
ϷͷۣѶȶǣһǣ޶ǣۺۣһǡ
ѶȸߣͣȲҲսԾܼ޴ﵽǱ׼ۺֻһǡַס
漴ַһֻ3澧Ѷȶǣһǣһǣۺͬһǡ
ͬΪһǣ໹еġ
֮͹֮ںϷкܶ࣬ܳޡ
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۹֮Դ㻹ǰ֮Դ㣬ʮ֮
Ҫں39998Դ㣬ֹǧʶʮֳԣʮ֮࣬ԿɳѴޣң档
Ϊ࣬ۼҲ󣬱Ͼͬһںѡ̫ˡ
Ȼͷ
ϵҲĳѴޣʦģͷȴǣ׾ٱܴﵽ
ַ겻ѡ
ȷʵǴԶԼиǿǬ漫ޣȻҪ䡣
֪桶Ǭû¼󱦿֮Уַܺ棬һȻûС
Щֻ֮ڳѴޣͨҲͨ
ڶ㱦⡣ַԥԼ125оķ10оڶ㱦⣬׾١
ৣ~
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ԼϵоҲ䵭˳ɫ
ַĿͣڡ⡯һ࣬Ȼ˵ڶ㱦⣬С⡯ȻǻһƬɼ
ͬǣ˸µ֮
20澧ۺۣǡ
Х׼40澧ۺۣǡ
޽90澧ۺۣǡ

㿪һףϸֶ
һǵ֮ǵ֮ӣҲ࣬Ǹߡͨǿ˵Ѵյ㣬ΪޣͬԪ
зǽЩͷ˵Ѵ޳Ϊߣֻǿʼ
޾һҲ׷޾ޣơ
һ㱦֮ۺΪһǣ۸1-9澧䡣
㱦֮ۺΪǣ۸10-90澧䡣
ַͷ
һ۵֮۵֮ö࣬򵥣ǿ־ڳΪߵǿ˵һƶҪ
Լ˵ôǺܴ
ġǬ֮ӦǡǼ֮ԶЩһǡǵĸ࣬ࡣ
һġ
ֱָޣȷʵַ岢ż뿪Ҳżʱռͬаٱ٣ӴһѶϢã
뿪δлӴӶ˺ʱ⹫˾ͷ
һиԼͷ൱ӴԶԼǿʵӦͷÿһǷǷԶԶǿʢ
ӡɿ
ӵ֮ζʲô
ζͷ֮УܺǬǿߣ˵ǬǿĴڣ
ַĿ⾼
Խϸϸ⣬õѶϢԽ࣬Խ𺧡
ڵڶ㱦ĩſ㱦ԿףҪ100о׼뿪ַ˵оûôֱӿ
~~
оɫ㱦ʱ



2319 Ǯǲ
Ȼַܿ콫һ֮Եһ飬Լ²ģȫۺΪ3ǵ֮
۸Ҳ֮
100澧900澧ֹ
һļ۸ȴ൱Ľ׿ܡ
ߣǱȻ֮أΪҲҪһ׺õ֮ҲǲɻȱģֹܸѷƣҲ°빦
֮˷Ѻܶʱ䡢Ӱͻơ
۷ǿߣ֮޷ͻƳΪߣʵľôһ㡣
ǻɵĲɼַЩϧ뿪ʱ龳սȴ޷֮ʲôʲôͬ⡣
кǺ档
ϾڡǬҲûἰǡƪǡ֤ƪǬרһصؽⰵ֮ΪѪᾧ
Ĳ㣬ıַܼŵ㱦·ĿݸһЦ
ҪĲ㱦⣬Ҫ1000о
Լֻʣ15о̫ࡣ
ĵ֮ôҲ󡣡ַϸϸһ˼ͷ֮ȫǹڷںϷģͳ򵥵֮
ⰵûС
ˮҲûС
ȫҪں̫ѣôһЩ֮ѵǴ֮ãĹⰵֻ֮ôΨһһ֡
ԼҪģʱռں֮ɫпͬûС
ԭܼ򵥣ʱ仹ǿռ䣬Ѿڸַ֮ϣ棬Ϊһ֣Ҫںʲô
ںϵҪҪ͸
ʱռһ͸Ѿߡ
û´ʱռں֮Ӧñڡ֮СַƬɫʣΡ
Ҫ̫ѡ
ҿҲһʱռں֮ϾһܿҲǷֲεġ
ַת⣬طԼ桶ǬмޱȷĸطԼҹⰵطڹⰵ֮޴ӵ֮
ûⰵ֮ǿߣйⰵط
սַ⣬һʱҲѿ㣬ĸоһͳһģķ110оȫ㡣
к֣ܶعʵһ֣ҩҲ֮һҲС
ԴʯģҲֻȻԴʯ
Ƶ۸ޱȰ
ϡΪ󡣡ַԼԵɺµõԴʯԶԶΣԼСʱıЧѣʱѳɳޱȾǿ
ܶҺá
ַͷ
ǵ㱦ЩЧǲס
Ȼ۸ҲΪԼϵ۸ǽǧ澧ģ൱һе
ڲҪعʵǿ壬ȻҪķѶ澧ŹַϷʵʵڵ֣겻ѡ
ߣʶҪعʵʵⲻһʹúܾãһعʵһţʳ˾ûˡ
ʵԽǿҪʳعʵԽࡣ
ǧšŶ
ѪáַĿţѪֱΣܼٹⰵĸս
ԼѪףصҲͺһӣҪѿҪʱĹȺ
ѪþǴ߳ǿѪǰ
Ǯǲַпǧ
Լ䲻ҪǿѪȴҪ֮ܶ࣬ƺͰ֮ħƶҪԼкɫУͨѪҪǿ̫ࡣ
ҪǣѪҪ

ַϵȻ׬˺ܶ࣬ҪѪѪȫͶȥַҡҡͷǮʱ٣澧ôҲá
ѪҲһʱȹٿ
ַĿͶս
ࡢࡢࡢࡢ࡭һƬ֮Ҫö࣬ǿҪöܿꡣ
һڶ㱦⣬ȫ۷
㱦𣬲ǳΪ㱦100澧ۣҲ100澧
ʱսƺúܾϸ
еڵĲ㱦⡣ַ尵⡣
ԼûʲôãΪԼϣ266֮࣡
һ汦⡣ַתĿͶȥ
౦⣡



2320 ֮Ȫ
౦⣬ô޴
֮УȻֻ棬УȨƣʳܵȵȣɸ౦⡣
˶ϲЩǿֻΪ˳ϣԪѡ
ǿ߸ϲܣʳŮռȵȡ
ÿ˵İãͬ
౦֧൱Ӵзɴءеơ䡭ʮ֧ۻңеıѾˣ౦飬޾̾Ϊֹ
ַ⿴֧ķʮʱ䡣
䡣ַ֧ʱúܣ౦ͺƿһٿȫ飬Լ;顣
ƩŸȺūӣƷŮѡ
ԹһȺԶһȦĳЩȵȣֻҪ㹻Ǯʲôܹ򵽡
ƩСкϵϵϵȺϵŶԹ
ڶưܵڶС
Լ𣬸౦һ֧¼ֻĳЩزŻᵮıصģȴǶһ޶ޱȺġ
кƣмΪϡٵкƵƣƽһͷкʮԪһƣ£һƵۼҪ666澧֮ߡ
һƷĳ
Ԫ̥ÿһóԪ̥ͺһǷʷʵŮӣճӤԪ̥̥Ԫ֮УΣܳΪǿߣǧΪ飬ɾ
ֱֲ
Ȼֻܵ񼶱𣬵Щʼ壬ܳɾǿߣһɾʹȫ̥ǡ
⣬ЩӤҲܸıˣ
ַꡣ
ϧԼˣѾӤ
ӦԪ䡣ַϸѰԪı˵٣ոԼѾ࣬ϣҵãʺϵġ
ѵķȻԪֱ̥Ρ
սûκֱģлὫһ٣ٶǿʱճɾߣͻ췽ҹ̷
Уûʲôǲܵġ
ģַ彫䱦һһÿһԼ۽磬дãֱǿıѪıǿǣġ
ǣ
ַٿһĿͣһΪ֮Ȫ֮ϡ
֮ȪȪؾжУֻһαָܻԭòξʹǻָͨǣһʹָԭ
֮Ȫ
ֲͬе
ǡϵͺڶô
ַ֮Ȫҡ
ԴԻȪؾ챦ŷ˼칦Чǿת߹һ֮Ȫʹͨǻָԭ
ʲô
֮ܽڵĵָ۷ʱģ
һͨǿ߳󣬱ضǿߣεȿ£Լʦ޾ԪҲֻǺƿ߼£ǿһ롣
ǮҲǷ˼ġ
1֮Ȫ100澧ַһ
ֻһΣ
ﲢûһļǮԼҲ
ôһ֮ȪҲҪͨǸأصöࡣڱԡΡģ֪
ңֻе㱦ſ
ʣ֮Ȫƺôַʵ
ԡܵĻشֱӡ
ǿԻָ˥ڶôַصһ䣬ϰ£ϣȴµõһԼԸĴ𰸡
ԡܵĻشȻž
ԣ
̶֣ȴַ͵һھϲ
Լ뿪ӳڶѰѰ٣ѰҵĲô
оˣ
ӳڶϣָ
֮治УûʲôģֻԼվλÿΪͷʱ⹫˾͵ӶˣйԴϢ
Ҫ֮Ȫַʵ
ʮ𡣡ܵ
ʮ
ַüͷ΢΢һء
ȻԤеĻش𣬱ϾһڶԶԶģʮ֮Ȫ
ѾԼΧ
Ҳ˵ԼûǮʮ֮ȪиûжһѡֻһһΡ
һ֮ȪҪ澧ַ弱֪
⣬ǰΡܵ
ַһ
ʲô˼



2321 
ԣҪһ֮ȪҪ߲ı⣿ַʱˡ
ǡܴ
ã
ַûκԥ
ԼԣһҪ˼֮£Ȼһ֮ȪҪ߲ı⣬Ǿͼһεʱս
򵥣ֱӡ
ߣԼϵ澧㽫۷ȫۣҲǲһԼֹɴ˾ȻдԴ࣬ϻҪԼ
һ㣬ǰ֪
ʱսУֻҪʵն޶澧
ǵʱȷҪǣðյʱͬȴ
أַ
Ȼһ׶οˡַ˼·ʮе֮Լûã֮һƬɡ
౦еıսط⻹ЩôģԼСǬ
Ǭ¼طǹⰵ֮ʱռطûһططУӦоС
Լ뿪ԲҪ
ԼҪμսбҪˣطֱǿս
ļֱַѰ
˲䣬ܱ˹طļϡ
ļطԭءһһأÿһؿ鼶10%¿70%
ɵӶˡܹߡ¸ʹļҸʺػأ£ɻɱλ
ļ100澧
ļġ900澧

ܵޱϸ
ַ循̾ޱȣԼ²ģӶ˺ʱ⹫˾ͷСߡǿߴڵġ
ǿߣĶطܸ̫
ԭġļ£70%Ҳֻܻɱλġļڰܻɱλھܻɱλ
ҵ£۷嶼пܻɱַԼġ
֮ǰɽУļԼ١
Լһɱﵡ
ֻΪԼֻǰص֮ʶ֮޷ټʵϧ
ڣļ
ܻɱλط۸󣬵طΪ٣ʶ۸࣬900澧һƷļ۸

ַԥ
Ȼлطһļ۸λΪ900澧Ǽޣ֮ļѾõط֮һ
Լԭ桶ļǰأʵ°빦
ٹһЩָعʵַڲƴ֣ԲںСǮҲֻԴָı߾Ǯ¶򲻵
һټȡ˽18000澧
ʱ⹫˾͵Ӷǲƴ֣ռ۸һ㲻ӡܿ죬ַĸ˻Ǳ
طͲҪˡ
طôҲ󡣡
ʱͿռսط
ַ˼һûѡ
ϾԼ²ʱͿռһطʩչҪ̫ȥ˷ǧ澧
Լ澧ңʡʡ
Ѫ౦ﻹ֮ȪҪķһʡ
ԼЩԶԶ
ٿ
¶Լģ⣬Ϊֻ㣬ʶսֻгʱҪ
ǱȽϡȱġ
Լԭ壬ǳ֧ţѾҪκαǿΪѵﵱǰʵεļޡ
꣬ԼӵԴʯʻ԰ͬǿߡ
ԼҪģǾ
ַ֮Ѱ˼ҡҡͷֻǵһĹϵǰϵ֮ԼԲͬʱ룬Ҳܽߺ϶Ϊһ
µһԼûʲôϾⰵؼںϣٷǵַĽ
Уﷱ࣬Բֻ֮
ˡַܿҵ
Դʯ飬500澧
Դʯ飬500澧
ַϷϸܣ൱⡣
ԼѨؾеⱦÿһʯ鶼ؾγɣɼѨĴɣķʯ״
ʯйʶų⡣
Լֻ֮ϣͬʱⰵ졣ֻ֮󣬼۸Ͱ࣬ҡ
Ʒ
һݿɳ
Ҫ1000澧㹻áַںⰵ췽֮ء
һԼﵽⰵĲΣ۷ʵǿ
ʱҪն澧ٶУ



2322 ʧȥʸ
ֿһȷûбȹ⡢ԴʯʺԼģַ飬ܼ3000澧
⡢Ѫıܼ11000澧
౦ֻһǰ߼ֵ900澧]ĸʯ֡
֮ǰġļġͻָı̶ʱ18000澧Ѻȥʱ˻ֻʣ252澧
ãֻ100
ַ˵ףûһȫꡣ
266ȥԼʹõļ100162е1509۷Ǯв٣Աʱ֮衣
øڵϡ
ϾԼ֪Ĳ㱦⣬ʲôرƩ缫ΪʺԼеЩƷе۸ԶԶֹ1000澧
300050007000澧ܡ
ˡַȫͱ⣬һԺеͷ
μʱս
ͬǲս֮ǰϷ̬Ȼͬ
ԼҪȡоĲ㱦⣡
ԼҪ׬澧ʮ֮Ȫ
ֱַӴⰴť
~~

ǰөĻֳע⡯ɫĿ֣м׼καʼ͡
򵥵һ仰ǰΣա
ûκαַüͷ΢š֮ǲپһǡһϵһϵڵʱ龳У˲ƣɱ
дм׼ǿߣи߼׼׼׼ĳǿߡ
޾Ԫ˭Ҳ֪ʵжֲ
һν룬̶Ѩ
ǲ
˼ַ岻巴Ц
оѹиַϵ֮սȤڷѪڷĸо̽ĵʱ龳ʹɱ
򣬶ս
Щ㹻õǿߣϿ϶иıƸ
ԽΣգͻԽ󣡡
ַһΰ°ť
ӭѶˣԼ磬ǡǡ෴Լϲս
Ϊܣ
~~өĻɫʱ仯ֳб
ʱ龳ʱ1:100
м׼񡪡
10000꣬ۻһо
ߴͨؾһƷ¡һ޴ͼͶӰֱϣ߸ͨؾɼĿ۽ʶۣܡƷģ
10000ʱ޽δҪ֮ʧܡ
ÿɱ1ͷߵ龳ޣҪ10ꣻɱ1ͷ龳ޣҪ100ꣻɱؾҪ1000ꣻɱؾɡ
㵱ǰʱ˻Ϊ252澧ÿ1澧ɶһҪ1ꡣ
ÿһоɶһҪ10ꣻоɶһҪ100꣬оɶһҪ1000ꡭ
ʮϸ
оɶһޣּ࣬λȴȻͬٷͬǿߣǱԼ꣬ʮλ
࣬ƶѾλλǿߡ
Ͼڵʱ龳δߵģ޲ǴɳӢеĳӢʵžš
ÿһܿ¡
м׼룬ʵֻȫĩַݸһЦҲ⣬ĩĩ֮ǰڹīǺͺַϵԼһϮô
֮ǰͬ
֮ǰ
ռҲûʱƣһ󡣡ַ嶯Խʱ龳ҵطΣأһ
ͬʱ٣ʵһһ㡣
ȷܶʮϡԶϵʱ龳طСʩչԼɹⰵ죬˵
Ʃ硶ļġ
깥¿ϵǿֶ֮һ
Ŷûˣץʱַ嵱¼˲ʱʶУӵһؿʼ
ϾčļЩСϸڶˡ
ȴǺõı仯
ܹ߿ַ߸̾츳طʺʣһܽǿֱ˼
һأڶأء
йԭ捋ļčļǰղѣַܿΣݽЧǸߡ
أء
ˡַһʱǧ꣬սļأϷԣصԻɱλǿߡ
ҵǿʩչأɻɱͨλַġ
ֻڵʱ龳ڵλֻûһͨ
ɵأұܻɱλǿߡַ廹ٿضܵǵȻ𣺡Ѷȥʱ995꣬ʣ5ꡣ
ٲ룬ʧȥʸ񡣡
ַһݸЦ
ⶥܻΪԻһ棬֪Լѡ
áַ΢ЦӦ̤ʱ龳



2323 ʱ龳
ʱ龳
һΣַ嵹ôˣīСַϵҲ󣬵һϵ򱶳ϵҪײһǿ߶ѡ
֮ǰ񣬸Ǵ
м׼ϣҪɶ񡣡
ַһƬεĴϣĿâ䣬ϽһſʯâԵøƬʯزԶ̲ĺˮʣ¡
~ַȻʧЦ
ԼǺͺԵַϵˣˡ
ԿͷŶȻԼ˵ԿսѾﲻʲôæϾԼгѪħӡ
ԿĵǿռķѲ࣬ʮȫͷš
룬龳ʱܷô
Ȼм׼ϣĵЩԼʮĲߣΣͬСһʧǧźޣʧݵӱȱȽǡ
龳ޣǿ
һ㣬ַܿ϶
ֱڣԼδϹ龳ޡ
δǰɱ龳޼ʱδǺ¡ַϸÿһ¸ʲô
һǰһߴͨؾȡƷ
ڶۻһо
ĿԼ֣Ϸһо͸о￴ͺһŴӹʮо
⿪ʱһо൱ʮоҲǿڶ㱦⡣
һо൱ʮоһٿоҲǿ㱦⡣
һֱӼһЩ
ߴͨؾɹѡشҾһҲҲȥڶѰңֻҪСһ㣬Ͱûʲô⡣
ڶ񣬱Ƚѡ
ַͷ
һԼһմɳ׼ĲߣٻӵоҲǵ㱦⡣Ͼ׼ʸ񣬲ûпҪо
ߴʶֻвʮоֻһ㱦⡣
ֻмһֵĲߣӵʮо˵ڶ㱦⡣
֮ɱʮʮ׼ߣ
ۻãѶȼͲ١һַҪɱһм׼ǿߣѶȿ϶Ǳɱʮ׼ǿ߸ߵöࡣ
м׼ǿߣضڵ񣬻֮һӵоģֻҪɱһֱ
̸ף
ǲʱҾḻ
ʱܳż
һµѪ౦ж
ַ˼
˵Լɱȡ棬±ԼǶġ
ͬȼ׼ǿߣԼȷƣƲСм׼ǿǿĸ߼׼׼ǿߣԼǴȫƵģƸ
֣â
~~
͸ŰɫǹƵرʱ֣ܣ߿ƼĽϣضȤ
Լ౦Ψһһ
ܿƼ]ĸʯ֡
ɼƷʯ]ĸʯԶƼ죬ܲٿأΪƼ̬ı֣ߵͨλĹ
ȻֻһܣȻֵ900澧Ͼ900澧Ѿ൱һƷļֵ
ֻΪֵȫԹһõĳսڼףܸߡ
㲻ϣҲܷӲ׹Ч
]ĸʯ֣ĹǾ䣬п޸ԡ
ߵȫٿصֻ֣Ҫĵ]ĸʯ𻵣]ĸʯֱ޴εʹãһսײͬսһ𻵣ѣôͲ
ַ]ĸʯ֮С
ǰù룬Ǵһ۾˲ָ]ĸʯķΧ൱֮ԶԿմʮϣ]ĸʯ֣ԿգԼɰܴš
Ƕ龳ޣҲܴ͸]ĸʯֽ롣
ԿڻϾɿռɣ]ĸʯֲǣڿƼʹõǿƼ
龳κλ޷Ƽȫ̬
󷨻һ]ĸʯַΧ㣬Ƽ⡢ԴʯײЧѡ
һּǮһֻ
ЩǮʡ
ļѾأʱӣҪأǧϣҲ˵һһ׶ٿ
ӵ
Ĺⰵط١һҿ͸ʱӵǿ
깥µĵߴͨؾվ͸ˡ
ǧ꣬ǧڣܴɡ
ַġ
ǰǣԼܰǧ꣬ûǿߴš
ô



2324 ⣿
ʱ龳кϵ
ս׵꣬⣬ವķɳ۶
ʦ֣Ϊʲô˲ƣɹȥ̫˷ʱˡ԰ͷü겻
ؾѾܽ˲Ŀռ䲨̫󣬺ܻܿǿߣһñ͵Ϯ鷳ʹˡ߸ӳ
ʦڣʲôü겻ΪȻЦš
ֱϣӡоӡǣַһģһ
ˣ졣߸ӵѴﵽм׼ǿĲ̫ˣм׼УҲһ㡣
üȻħ죡ӰɱģҼǵʦ˵Ƕλʵ
߸ӵλʵֹֻΪɱ߼׼ǿߣ󡣡
ü¶Ľ֮ɫҪôͺˡ
߸ӵĽȴɸ߼׼Ĳ㱦⣬Ͻѹעѡʵеʱƾʵλ
üصͷ¶ŨŨҰġ
Ǻ׶һɫĵӣֻҪʱ龳սдﵽ߼׼ŵλȻˮǴߣܱΪ״ӣ
һʦˣϰģȴмһˣʦֲǱţʱһЩ츳ǱԶԶ
ģҺ±룬ֻҪõ߼׼ʸϣǺܴġ߸ӡ
ٿ΢΢һ㵣һֱסʦ飬΢΢һ
ǰвߡȡһڰľеϷɫָ΢΢ҡΡ
٣¶һĨЦݣӦǳ׼߰ɣ
ͷֻи̤ʱ龳ĲߣʲôŻѡͨȻҲųм׼ߣʲ󡣡
ʦ֣ȲָʾΣʵ
һߡ
ƲƲ죺ôһܴ֡
飺оͲˣǿе㱦лûμʱ龳սĲߣⶫĲࡣ
ٺЦǲףһ·̹
ƶˣ׼սоۻܶ࣬ؾҲδɱͽˣúһٳ֣ûɣ
ؿڵʦ֣׼ߣҲܽ¡
ͷδ˵̫ࡣ
ΣգԻᱣ顣
ߣһСеĳ׼ߣжΣտܣ
ಣಣ
ӰֱСǣȲǶУԲȱڸϢıϢѹƵޣܣֻҪֹȫء
ҵ
ͫһתͷʦָָǰͷʾû⣬ǿ]ĸʯ֣֪ٴΡ
һ˹֣һٶȽս
νĻ־䣬ǸãΪռƣԶһ
ৣৣ
ٶȽŻ׼׵һǰȵĹȻ䱬ƺըѰȼչɲǼ佫Ƭ񷶼Ⱦ˰ɫ
¡~
]ĸʯ֣ȫ顣
ڣ±ٶȣбһʺ绡ȣϢɨһϢ
ɲǡ
ԴһƬٿʹ˺Ѱʹϯ麧Ȼɴ˫˻ʹǸոſڣһֲѽ֣ɡ
ϣ
ڹۣƬ˺顣
̫죡
ʦܣȫˣպ]ĸʯֵŸջعʦѱɱǰɫˣٶȸǼ졣
ɱʦ˲䣬ٶȲ
ôܣľ
ʵȫδ֪һɱʦģʵж£Ҳ÷Ѿţܻ֮ʦܣ
ⲻ֪ĵˣȴɣ
ȲӦòǣɫ˲ʱײһ飬ųǺˣս֮⣬⣬һͷܣжԶܶԶ
֪ο϶ߵ壡
ǳ׼ߣǸ߼׼ߣֲʵ
꣡ռŤԾٶϮ̶ɫ࣬Խп࣬ʵδ֪ĵ˲ս˵ãԶ빥Ҳ˿¡

ӲһռͣѪڣһ˲·һɫħӣֽ٣·Ҫޱߵ
㣡
ɫҰס
һ̽׷Ŵ򣬴ʱ֮ûС



2325 Ȳ

Ҳ
ѪħУ쳹ʵ޾ĺڰɣ֮ءַɫԵЩ԰ףͬ޴
һЍļأȻشɱ飬ַͬ60%
֮սʣ40%ַ壬޷ʩչļģΪǰصλԣΪ塣
ľ޴ģӰսӡ
ϧƴһսĿҡַʬΪԼһɱͬ飬ľȫʧأһֻܡ
ʵʵ㲻λսԼй֮޲
ʱΪʱ
м׼ߡַԼֱ۵оУʱѶоԼһооջ񲻷ơ
м׼ĵһۻһо
Ѿɡ
ַĿԲһоô򵥡
ۻʮоĲ㱦⡣
Ĳ㱦⣬޷һе߼׼ܳ
ҵʱ䲻ࡣ
ǿ߿ԳμʱսԼС
Լֻвʮʱ䣬ʱսʱ׼˵ɶ׼ΪΡ׼Ҫʮ꣬δ֪
ԼҪʮ֮Ȫ
㱦ⲢûУǵĲ㱦⣬ǵ塢㱦⡣
һ㣬Ĺⰵط١ڶٱɹ
ʱں뵶Уʵܴ󳤣㲻ʩչļղм׼Ҳܻɱ
ܵ˵ǧɹǲġ
ַͷ
Ӹ̤ʱ龳վȽŸۺսλսʱʵһ㡣
˵ôҵҵģ
ɣ
ƺб
ַ˸ղŵΣüͷ΢ԼϢӦʤˣȻղҲһֲȻǲϢӦԼ
ԼӦʱѾ׼͵Ϯ֮]ĸʯָϵ޷졣
ѵ̽ƼеַѸٵսƷ
м׼ߵıǲ٣һɫĳһе类ԼشǸǿߡ

⣬ֻ»鷳
ַ
һеǺεȿ¡
ҶֻˣγɺϻݣԼ˵Ӯܷסδ֪֮
1е
32
۷151
ͱ׼ĲߣϲȻ١ַУһ¸ɱٵĿڴ˶ֻ㱦⣬Ĳ㱦⣬ֻѶһе
սƷУ⣬ɴԼһЩ߿Ƽе
Ӧ˰ɡַȡڰľеĿ⾼ʶܣɲǱ֪书ãȻ
Ȳǡ
ͨǵȣǷǿߴڡ
սдȵ
ͬСȵ
ȲõľԭܲǵޱȾܣƼֶѾ൱졣
⵹Ǻá
ãԶ
ַܿô
ֱףɱ˷Żѹߣ
ʱսڹؼʲôܿԼ׼ȼߵĶ֣Ѱұ׼ȼԼͬԼ͵Ķ֡
㲻Ҳڵһʱִ֪ŵʵΣаһס
ңȲǻλõĹãͨĲ仯֪һȻֻǽʡһʱ䣬սκһϸڶ
ͦáַЦЦС
µԼ˵ʵҪû㹻ʵһڷղһͷײĲһ
սƷַ
ʱ䳤ĺܣϵһɣҪһʱӵмĹⰵط١ڶҲҪɹ
һУڳõķչš
ǧ꣬ǧ꣬ǧꡭ
ַʱ龳ĵǧ꣬кûһµâ˲ʱޱ˷ۣⰵѪ˼µâΪŮɢһ㣬ֲܼ
ÿһ⣬ħɡ
ַͫǲڰɱ¾Ϣ粻ħһ۷壬кХȸԾ
ڴˡַɱ¾Ϣɢָ
ӵУɱ¾졣



2326 ˳
ǧ꣬Сɡ
Ĺⰵط١Ҳ٣еһ١ɱԲԲ˳ӵСɱ¾졯ڶ١䡯ҲСɡ
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ڵսλͨؾˡַźãսȻ
֮ǰм׼ߵȻҲ׼ͨؾζ߸ͨؾг׼ߡ
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׼ߵƽʵм׼ߵƽʵܶࡣ
һֻλżսһѾб׼λսһһɱĽ
ҵԼʱûһͷȣΪǣֱӽͨؾȻҪԿ̵ҪǿؾҪʵ£ıԸм׼ߡ
߼׼ǿߣ޷ͨؾַƲܼ򵥣Ը߼׼ǿߵʵͨؾȺҡ
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ַ忪ֱϵĵͼͶӰ߸ͨؾɼʶۣͶУܡؾĻϼƷģ
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ٲȻ㹻ѡԼóġ
Ѷȣࡣ
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ؾռؾַüͷ΢أĿɨؾؾͰ¾ؾ·;ϵ롣
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ڽ뼫ؾͰ¾ؾû̫սؾȤһЩַȻһЦңʵԽǿϵıԽࡣ
һҵսĶ֣׬ȡƱܻøо
ڤڤעֶΪ
ûʲôҪյġ
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ϴ󡮰Ϫʯ̡ӵǿķ׵ֵɫȼգ϶롯һˮΪе׵ֵɫ档
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ǿ⵽Ƕ֣ɱ
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˲ʱ䣬һĿռʱ֮޲
䣡˿ڴػ⧲ֱɱ



2327 ʮ
磡ܣ
ϴϪܹʯɫ䣬δ͵ϮˮɣۼЩľʧģȻ־ɫڡ
ȴһȫͬĽ
~~
֣Ϫ׹ǿδ֪ĵˣͷųػȫһʱķӦν죬ȴԵ̫˽һЩ
Ķ뱻ɱܹʯֶ̽ʱĻʱͷ
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ʱַкȻһ粼ƥĻ峺͸ǿգϷһټĺǣѾſеǡ
ʮ顣ַ彫׳ͫ˲䣬ѸǰϪ罫޾ǿա
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ؾڡַӰһֱɫ棬˲ܵĿռ·úɫд󶯡
ৣ~
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2328 ؾ
ؾ
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ռŤһ⣬һִеǿߺȻɴ۾֮ûУ촦Ѫ䡣
гһӰصŤΪʵһֻ֣¶һ˫ͫ٪ӣ߽һ׶Ѿذ׵а֮
죬Ҳģ
ĲֹҪʱ⹫˾Ҫս룬ΪӢеľӢ
ৣ
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Ϊ߶ɱ߼׼ߣӵλս
Ȼм׼ӵλսľֹ޿ɷϵǣħ컹ǻӰɱģʵǻʵǿ
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ΪǿռʱϣȻںγ㣬Ѫȫϡ
ЧǸѡ
߼׼ϵĲ߲ܽĻؾбضѵм׼ǿߡأԼҲô
Ͼ߼׼ʱһǧ꣬1:100Ҳʮ꣬ôʱҪѰһʵ֮ء
С㣬ʵȻǿᣬΪм׼еٮٮߡ
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ԽսԼԽѪڡ
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ﵽҪУαҪðôգ
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ৣַӰ˲ʱ֣ͫɱкԳĲ˲ʱʧ޾Ŀռ֮С



2329 ôɷǣ
оļе
еˣ۷ֻԳȫ
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һеսսԼõģеֵҲƣǸղǸǿߴӵĲ㱦жһģѹûʲô۷
ۻѾ80оûñܴﵽ㱦Ҫ󡣡ַĿֱԼնоͱġ
⣬ȡһʸȻһʮ֮Ȫ
м׼սʱ겻ɣи߼׼սʱʮ
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ΪΪ棬սսùƴɱ򲻹жԶܶԶ
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ģδһʵ뺷ģҲǱǿġ
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ǷͰΣͨ·ȴûһͨ
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ʱ䣬ԼһѺȥǧɱͷ龳ޣͷߵ龳ޣȥʱ꣬ʱҵؾͨȻؾնɱһҪҪ1000꣬ʱܽš
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ৣ
ɲǼ䣬ͱ˲ƣ֮󼪡



2330 ؾ
ؾͨ
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Ϊ˱ؾͨ͵Ϯôַ廷ܣѪħѼ
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ۺӵλʵҷǿ׼ߺѽɱһɱؾβסܱܿӲ
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ľ޴еһСǰ޴󣬶ɫƼϢеԣһСͲң̫Ĺâߣγɷ֧
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Ψмߵȵĸ߲Լˣܹ롣
ȫƻˣһӱ˫֣Ŀ¶֮ɫǰ޴ӫϷȻַؾսĻ档
޴ӫǰһŹβͲݵİ׷ǺϾذɳϣӫԼĽ
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٣ϴ㲻Ҳô׷ƫͷ¶Цݡ
һشζӫ



2331 ճɾ
һ
ˣγɹؾַɵѹ൱֮ÿһؾʵȶλγɺΧʵǿֲ
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ʱ龳սڵҪĿģΪͷṩѪҺѡǱ츳ˣ߱¥ٰĵ߱ͬʡ
ֻʱ龳սɵӶ˺ʱ⹫˾ͷϾٰġ
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жʱ䲻ĴεĿĵѰƷ˷ʱ䡣
һǳҲһ100澧ңõʮҲ1000澧Ҫ֪߼׼ĽѾ10000澧׼Ľ10澧
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2332 
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ŨĿռΧɽ壬ȻƲؾռŨ֮ʤΣ൱ġ
ʵδھʱ龳м׼߶ԣȫҪԸڿռ֮ϡ
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βûԥɱͬʱٴιַ壬ַκδϢʱ䡣ΪǿβӺ
ৣ
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ʶᵵʵַߵʵΪӦ޼
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ȥɣСӣ۾ƺ⣬ɱȡ
ᣬѾ˺ܾã



2333 
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³ŵڻɱᵺδһԼô˴֮洵ԼԺһɱ
аһ׵ĺַԲܾ
ηչʼԼˣͷβԼ˺Уδʩչļء
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ʵ֤ӲסԼ˲ˣҲδԼ𹥻ȻԼʵ
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2334 һϯʤ
֪֮ʲô㣿΢ЦʵûĻһӴ˴Ҳ顣
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м׼ܽͷ֮٣һ㶼Ǵﵽ߼׼ƺţͷŻˣ˵һɡӵ
лһָ߼׼ǿߣͷͬʱ֣ǰա
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ӵûֱռ룬ﵽ߼׼ôкܶ࣬ҽʱֻҪΪλͷ
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һϯʤ顣ַ̾ѣ΢΢ףл֡
ⷬ㲦Լһƫ·ع;
ֹɴ˾ǰյʵǿɼԼҪΨмͷΪߣ磬ԼҪߵ·
һѴޣֱָ漫ޡ
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2335 ؾ
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ǳ
ʱʣſѪڣֱַӹѸײڶ
ǰͷȻؾ



2336 
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ؾģֻˣĵģȫѾɱ
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·Ŀ¹ռϯһУɣַӰ⣬ʱʧ
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2337 ɵķʽԣ
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м׼ƺſʼʱ⹫˾͵Ӷ˾ȨˣȻﵽм׼ƺžյˣһǷǱѰ֮ӣǱõϿɣɶҪǳߡ
ʱ⹫˾м׼ƺյĹ̶׼ǡ
1õ߸ͨؾȫƷ
2ۻ1оҲ100о
3ɱʮм׼ߡ
׼ʱ⹫˾ǰա
Թ̶׼˵ʵûﵽ
ԣɱм׼91ͨؾƷ˵
Ҿмӷ֣һõоԶֹһţɱм׼ʵףɱؾ
ǿﵽձ׼һ档

УؾǹأҪǴȥЩô룿
б£õ߼׼ƺҲ٣
߼׼ƺţ˵ӶھжգӶǸˡ
ǵı׼ǲַ࣬һûɣһԪǵˣм׼ƺžǰգһҪռʮã
ĸԱ۲ȫüͷø
Ϊ鳤ȨҲԼѡ𣬱ϾܹʮС飬пгɼֹǨõĽ͹˾Դ
ʱ⹫˾͵ӶÿһԪй̶ա
м׼ƺǰյģռʮ㣡
ǲ
šȫ֣Ȼһ䣬漴̤ҡȻϴôϿַ壬á
ַ壬һ˲š
δȫﵽм׼Ȼֵһԣ

ռУַһͷˮ
ٿһռ·Ԫ̤룬һɢϢİ׷ǰ˫ͫԼ޵ػ
λ
սԹ⡣
ַȻսѴλżλȾ뻹Ǻܴ󣬵ıɼһ㣬սֻλеٮٮߡ
ǰ׷꣬ʵѾλս
ʱ⹫˾ĳԱÿһǴսгģս϶ȵǰʵǿö࣡
ֱӻᱻɱ
ãҽкȫʱ⹫˾ʱ龳һ鳤׷ȫ΢ЦָָǰĻ£ݡ
ãַ塣ַ˸񣬶ԷһѴӻе֪
֮ǰԼģɻ
ʱ⹫˾ǰԼ
֮ϲ
ҵѾҾͿżɽֱ˵ˡȫ΢ЦַǷԸʱ⹫˾ΪһԱ
ǻһ˵ԴҾͲ˵Լɡ
ȫһǰ޴өĻϣֳһϺϢֹȫһ
1ѡһһսףߵ
2ѻȡԴҺֱΪߡ
3áĽʸ񡣡

17ʼ10000澧֮ÿһԪ1000澧𡣡
18ֱӻõǱ̭ʸ񡣡
ʮÿһ൱Ŀַ̾Ϊֹ
ͷ֮һȻԿֻ̣ҪﵽʸǾͲ󣬸ıĻҪ࣡



2338 ʱ⹫˾
֮󣬱һЩء
ʱ⹫˾Ϊͷ֮һ۰Ե磬һϵ˵ͬϽĹ
Ϊʱ⹫˾һԱԵӷ䡣
Լʱ⹫˾ַȤ֮ǰһģȷԼ뷨ֹɴ˾Ȼãԣֻзǽһ
ԼĿ꣬зǽ磬ǳΪߣ磡
ʱ⹫˾ѡ֮һ
ৣৣַϸϸĶŹַḻʵĽʱ⹫˾Ĺַ巴עЩ
Ϊ䣬֪֪ôࡣ
˶֪
Ȼʱ⹫˾ļҴҵԲ£¶ǶԣͬճСһҪķѴԴ
ʵҲȷˡ
ʲôףֱҡȫһԽ˫֣Ц
ַ壬൱͵ģϴ˵ɲ˴Ϊһǿ߲ӦֻǿȭͷҪѧɣ򵥵ؽ⣬ʱơ
ַһսǿ
ȷַڲģۺϸ涼Щࡣм׼ʱıֱճΪʱ⹫˾һˣӶҲǰˡ
ȫΪַǱĲй֮
ֻҪ㹻ʱġ
鳤ַ̧ͷֱөĻϷһʵһҪȽ롮غؾΪλ뿪ʲô˼
ȫЦʵһѵӪһϼԪͳˡǻʶһ£дһ£Ϥһʱ⹫˾档
ϾܳΪһˣ붼Ѿ𡣡
ַֻеͳΪһ˵
ԺȫʵһۿַΡ
ʵѪδȫε͵һˣغؾҪΪ޵ԴѪԴ㼤ѪΣһЩһ뿪غؾҪķѴ澧ˡ
ԴѪ
ַ겻ѡ
˵ʮûѪԴ
ʱ⹫˾湻ˬģҲǣݺͷ֮һƸ˵Ǿˮ¡
غؾһҪλ뿪ôַʵ
ȫַ壬ԣؼˣؾǱﵽ۷뿪һ˵ҪλؾʲôУһ˿Ļ᲻뿪
ַģȫ֪䵣ʲôɻ
ַ
ԼĿǰѪҪɾλһʱգҪλңңڣҪʮڳɹԼûаա
غؾԼ뽫ðȰꡣ
ʦûϵӳڶȴѾûʱٵˡ
ʺ峤ܽһ˸һ֮Ȫôַʵ
֮Ȫȫ΢΢һٲȻʲôӦû⣬Ҫһ٣5ƿҿ⡣
5ƿ
ַҲ֪5ƿʲô˵Ҫ10֮Ȫ
10ȫЩ£΢΢鶯Цҿ˵ңĿϴҲСַ֪1֮ȪҪ澧
ܹ󣿡ַѾӺ鳤ˡ
ȫȫҲ֮ȪǻȪؾеı̫ϡ٣̫󡣡
ʱ⹫˾1ƿ֮ȪҪ1澧мС
1Ҫ100澧
Ѿ۷𲽼ۡ
1100澧
ַէҲǳԾС֮Ȫ˰󡣵ʵҲǣӳڶεӴ󣬾Ǻεܽ汾ԴȻ۸֪
һּǮһֻ
ǡǷԳһʱ⹫˾ַԥһ£ʵ
⡭ȫüͷ΢΢𣬡ЩϹأ˾й˾·͹涨ϴҲ⣬ģһԪ
һַ꣬ܲҡͷ
ȫԴЩЦá
ƽм׼ʱˣÿһϲ⣬Щڣ޲̼ʱ⹫˾ַ̫ˡ
ˣ˵ɣ鳤ַ΢ЦܵͷȻҪЩ±ҪʲôǨͣ¹ϵԼ֮ðգ⡣
£ҪԼ
Ȼ˸òǾʵȥʱ龳սȥã
ʮ֮Ȫ1000澧һַ֣ȴϣ



2339 ʵӲ
1000澧
ʱ龳ս߸׼ƺţߵȵġƺš1000澧ĽԼѹעɡƺšѹעΪ
20100000澧
2000澧
λܴɳƺţԼΪʲôﲻɣ
ʵ΢ַȴţΨһǡʱ䲻߸׼ƺеʱɳƺҪڵʱ龳100ꡣ
ԶԶԼʣ޼ʱ䡣
ǴƺţҪ10֮á
Գ׼ƺźм׼ƺսʱȫԼ٣Ҫپųɲܣɣĳпܰ쵽ġ
׷ƺţﵽƺžӦòˡ
ַмš
ﵽƺʱѹעջ300澧ǿɱֻҪսƷʣ700澧ȫп
۷ǳϡ٣ֻҪһܾͼֵ200300澧
ܻһЩ
ڼʱ⹫˾ʵôżԼȥֱյԈԣֻҪɡ׼ƺšͷԼѡ롣
ԼԸ⣬뿪ʱ龳ս󣬼ͷҲδɡ
ʵӲ
ľˣȫַ塣
л鳤⡣ַ΢΢Цίܾ
ǺðɡȫΨ̾Ҳ֪бȻʮֽ²׸ı䣬ҲˣΪԭܵģȱȽǡ
ƩģҪʤ죬Ϊһʱ⹫˾Уɫһ
Ʃ죬ΪؼˣǱ͵һˡ
ЩƢŹֵؼˣҪʱ龳жһҪʦѵҪѰԵݵӣֶС
νȰʼջ
ȫҲֻ֮ǾЩϧַ漴뿪
ʱ⹫˾ַ߽ݸЦ
Լʲôϧģһ֤ͬԼзǽ㣬ǱͷС
ৣ~
źȫ뿪ܵĶռ漴ָһөĻϣۻҡǸһĽ㿴ۡ
ﵽм׼ƺţڶȫԵ߲ΣȨ൱֮
һҲôԴΪӢеľӢϧԴʹЦͷյм׼ߣһ᲻أ
䱦ׯֹɴ˾ＯţһС
һһá
Щ趥ڲرѡ䱦Щ澧ֻҪ͸50澧ƩһС
ƲȥǰһĴҪͷã
ʵۺ˵ֹɴ˾Ĵ൱ҪǮǮҪбҪԴһҲһ
ַ̾
ǈǷԼ¿Ѿѡֹɴ˾
ڣЩɾˮ¡
м׼ϣսŸտʼַĿ⾫ĨȥһĽͷޱȼᶨ

߼׼ƺţ׼ƺţ׼ƺţ
õ׼ƺţ1000澧ַ岻˼ֱӿĲ㱦⣬Ȼĩٿ㱦⡣
о
м׼սУַɱŸм׼ǿߣջо൱֮࣬¶һһţ»о
һоҲֻ߿о
ֻҪμս㱦ֻʱ⡣
Уµǿ޸ߣҲѣȻǻһƬɼ֪ڼŻῪ
⣡
ֱַӽս⣬ѾԹߵ1澧9澧
ҲЩе۸Ҳ23澧ס
ͬ2澧ͬ͵е͸ߵһף죻һ΢ӣǿͿԼѡ
ȿж澧ַĵ
᲻úײסǣԼЩ澧ֻƿ֮ȪûҪţΪҪļսЧ档
սԽǿʱսɱ¾Խ࣬սƷԽࡣ
һѭ
ߣԼڵʵԴĩˣ֮أʲôûˡ
ৣৣৣ
ַܿ콫һżòеһȫӳռ䣬ϷөĻϣֲֹۣ
ܿ죬ַ㽫òıȫһ
ʱʺϵ澧Ҳֳ֡



2340 սѡ
87660澧ַͷ
м׼Ľѹעֻ3000澧ͷԻɱǾŸм׼ߣԼڳ׼ʱۻ澧
87660澧࣬Ҫ㱦ֵ90000澧ĸߵ
ҲԲ٣ڴм׼ƺŵǿУӵе޼
һһַд㡣
ԼãԼʵĿԽԽѷӣ䱾ΪԣԼʩչⰵ죬ʼЩͣʩչȫ
أù
Լ㹻ǿ㲻ǿ벻
ͲǿķѾǿĹһ¥ԼӦսռȷҪ
⡢ԵıﶼǺܺá
ǿռԣһкɫУܷӳռǿʢԴԴϣҵĺɫԭѪһ֣͹ⰵѪڣκ⡣
ռܹ󡣡
ַüͷ΢ء
һߵĿռ50000澧𣬴඼67澧΢һҪ89澧
У򡢹ߣһ㶼
ռ䡢ʱΪƿӡѣǿҲ
һǿռǱȻߡ
澧ؾ̱㽫һɱս֮±Ҫ
ľмҵߵĿռ㡣
һĿǰҿռ侳粻ߣߵռѣҪķѴʱ䣬ľȫ澧ĿռҲֻǸߵеˮ׼
ַϸ˼
µĸߵռͱ۸Ҫʮ澧
еĿռƷߣֵߵģ36000澧33000澧ڵλ30000澧
һսࡣ
ˡַ岻˼һ˼ֵ33000澧еռΨһǰս
ΪףΪβ
ͬ33000澧ĿռеѾõģڸߵͨġܸߵʤеѶͬߵöࡣ
û㹻ʱ򣬷Ӳȫܻ͸е
սӣַʶУֱ
ϷĿռƶʱ貵ս·һǿħɫγ
ϲַ֡һЦ
ͽнѰɡ
ơ
һ㡮ץΪ׿ռطڶ㡮Ϊ߽׿ռط㡮նסΪ˽׿ռطеڶΪطһ͵Ϊط
ܲ
һƣܷӲսõΪ䱾ǿռԣɫк͹ⰵѪϸѣʤһ㡣ַ⡣
ԼĿռ䷨򾳽粻ߣΪͨǸߵȿռһƾ߽׿ռطѶȴ
Ҫ֪ĽǵռǻҲֻ߽׶Ŀռط˽ס
Լֱڣ޷
һﶺ995꣬һιſԶꡣ
ȥՍļ⣬Ӧûгʱ͸ץսѵһơַ尵⡣
ûʲôռԼа
ܸռȡ֮ԼȫԸһƣҲҪ̫ռ໹ǡ򡯡
ѡһı
ֻ࣬࣬ࡣ
һΣֱַɨߵ
ʣ54660澧㹻һ൱ıߵһЩٹҲ󲻹ռͱ
󣬸ߵ39999澧ռࡣ
ʱ˲ʱÿռ䣬һΪ߿ƣһ
ע⣬ٿҪǿͿռ衣

ޣߵ25000澧౦
ܴнһĹ滻ΪһƷмǣһʩչϵޱʧȥЧҵ˹Զ޳ʱͬЧ
˱Ҫ10%ʧɸԭ

kߵ48000澧ϵࡣ
˹ԴԪğk쾧ƣǿ赲һﵽ۷壬ƻ
ҹɿƻйһ塣

ַɨһһıʵ⡣
ֻ54660澧ֻһ౦󾫲࣬Լ˵Ҫѡһʺϵġ
ޣٿأַĿɨ·۾һ



2341 ƣ
Ӱۣߵ30000澧ʱ౦
˱ȡԡӰޡĶۣʱƣʩչԿ̣
ʱͷŻӰ޵ǿ츳ͬʱҲᱬʱط۹Ϊһ
ע⣬ԭʩչΣֻʣʩչᡣ

ַϸ飬ϸ
ˣ
ѰãδҵģöӰΪʺϡ౦ȻֵƣĲٿأȴǲס
澧Ȼ󣬵Բֵһᡣ
Ӱۣȫ90000澧
ΪֻʩչΣʶֻҪ30000澧ɹ򡣡
൱㣡
Ϊ䱾ʣǼֵ90000澧ıԼҲҪεʩչᣬѾ㹻ֱַӶһӰۣһЦ
ȥ30000澧»ʣ24660澧
ѾԼ֮ǰļƻɹһһǿһһһأս
ԣм׼ƺţ⣬һʺϱԼսһ̨ס
ʣ24660澧ţ

ȫꡣ
ַԼĴ㣬֮ǰܻţÿһ澧Ҫڵ֮ϣսж١
ֻҪս㹻ǿɢȫ澧ڶʱ࣡
ַȫ⣬㿪ֱͼȫ֣౦ǰ
֮Ȫַܿ
1ƿ֮Ȫֵ1澧㱦ſΪĲ㱦ı۸Ϊ9000澧1
Ҫһ֮ȪҪ߲㱦⡣ַš
ⲢǺѣֻҪսбչսսռо߲㱦ֻʱ⡣
ѵǹʮ֮Ȫ澧Ҫ1000
Ȳǣ1800澧
мȲǣ18000澧
౦Уַܿҵ̽е۸ԼԤҪһ㡣ԼһǳȲǣ൱һе

ַѰҡ
ʱǣͽʱ龳һʱ1:100㲻ҲҪʶֱʱм׼߶սʱ֪书Ч
գԼ㲻֪ȲǵĹá
֪֪ˣܰս

ʱ⹫˾ܲա
ʱ龳УɫȻĹӡ̤룬л۷弶ΣɢǿϢ
ȫֱӴȡ
զˣϴ󣿡׷ȫӰĦ̧ͷŹβͲݣ˯죬ӡ
һֶռеĻ棬Ǻȫַ塣
ޡȫһҲԾʲôԾϴ󣿡
žֱӹر⻭棬Ӧ֪ÿһԪܱΪһûﵽȶ׼ĲΥǲеˣ
ȫ˯̧𣺡ҲôΪϴ󡣡
ޣȫ
ȫǱֵʮ㡣
ôĺ컹󣿡۾
ȫԥһ£ͷǡ
ƣ
۾һɣֱӱȣȡɹţѰ;ⰵں֮ƫ棬ռʱΪ象ѪѣԽȻԽѡ
ֵ˷ѱ
´ǰ鷳ȿϣ
һƿڴŭһ˺ȫһۣ漴ת뿪ְֺޣȫµƾֱȫ·ƣʱԽʱ⹫˾Ĺ
ƫƫʮУȫҵѣ
ƫִ̻Ϊʱ龳ĸˣʲôһͬʣΪַ岻θڣֱȥǻʱȡȥжϣóۡ
֮ǰĵһӡƲ⣬ûд
ӣѳɴ
ͬǣһƾֱ;жϣһΣƾϺƶϣ۾ݸ㣬Ҳֱ˵
ҵǣַܾ˺ȫգȻǵʱ龳߿ǳ˸УΪѴ̡

鳤鳤
һСԱ׷ǰο鳤ȫ
ôǰһٺǳ⣬Щ޹⣬һˣԵͬˣǷ鳤ȫжϡ
û¡ȫʼ磬¶һĨЦݡ
ĿԱȫգգ۾Ҳϴ˵öԣ
Աһʱ֪ô˵
ȫҡͷʱ֤һУҸ˵һϴжһǴġĿӫȫɫأַ壬ΪģҪǿ
Щؼˡ



2342 ߼׼
ʣ24660澧ʲô
ַʮ꣬ȫ˾ϵĳȲǶһ1440澧ȻֱӴʹһ25000澧ޡ
ʣ1100澧һһЩָıⶾأҩתսָı
1100澧࣬Ҳ٣ɹһеڹָƷ´ࡣ
ȫ⣡
ͨеַ岢ȱ֮ǰҲδȫۣ˼Ҫһıڵʱ龳۳ңܱı
˵߼׼ƺһ߲ͨ׷һݡ
ڸ߼׼ƺʱԼһһս£ܸԼһѡ
25000澧һֵ̫
ȱȻĳ
Ϊս
~ַһĨⰴťөĻϵıͽȫʧȡ֮Ͻֹ߼׼ƺŵ֡
ʱ龳ʱ1:100
߼׼񡪡
100000꣬ۻһо
ߴͨؾƷɱһؾ޴ͼͶӰֱַ˸߸ͨؾ߿ǳʱ龳
100000ʱ޽δҪ֮ʧܡ
ÿɱ1ͷ龳ޣҪ100ꣻɱؾҪ1000ꣻɱؾҪ⡿Ҫ10000ꣻ׻ƴ磬ҵµɡ
㵱ǰʱ˻Ϊ1澧ÿ1澧ɶһҪ1ꡣ
ÿһоɶһҪ100꣬оɶһҪ1000꣬оɶһҪ10000ꡭ߿ɶһ50000ʱ䡣
ϸ飬ȫ䡣
ԤĲ࣬ѶҲ̫ߣڵԼ˵ֻɣʵкܴյġʵϾм׼ߣѡ׵ķɡ
Ͼ߼׼ƺţһ൱ɫĶƽʯ
27%ĸ߼׼ߣᱻͷգʣһЩ߸ģͷΪλʱɼ롣
Լֻ뵥ɡ
ؾĴǿߡַսԣ׷нԼֹҪʵͬҪ澧
ʣĴǿ߾ͺߵǮһϱǾġ
ǵһδεսɱ¾͵ģμսĻ൱ɹۡĺʵǿğħߵսս֮·ʵ
˵Լܿħɸߵȳƺű׼ٳȥɱ
ߵȳƺǰϣѵߵȳƺźô֮ͨ׼սһЩЩǿߣԽܾԽܲˡ
֮ʰ飬רһǰ߱ӡ
1:100ʱ߼ƺű׼粻һǧʱ䡣
һǧҶ޷м׼ǿеǿ֮һ֮ôս׼ƺš
ԼַкܸߵҪ
׼ƺţ൱ʮʱ䡣
ۻ˶ǿߣ
ǧһǿĸ߼ƺǿߣһٸ
һ·Ϊǿսȥ
ս֮·һȴЧҲֱӵķʽ
ȴĿʼ
ַ
Լͨ߼ƺű׼ʱһҪѣģؾĴǿ֮һ֮ǰɱԼδܿԭصԼ
ΪԼμսһγֵĵطһʧĵط
ȻѡɣԲһΡ
һ꣬ȵ˾͵Ȱɡַ岢ż롣
֮ǰм׼ƺʱڶռ䶺995꣬ʱƣӦ֮ܶãΪ߼׼ƺŵʱ䣬ʮꡣ
굥ʱ䣬ܲá
ļءֱַӿʼ򣬍ļأԭȍ츳һأܸ70%ǍԲ깹ԭ
70%ǍܵһͻԳ˯˵
깹ֲͬǿܵ90%־ǿľֻʣ5%3%һȥ
ʶܹ߸ıˡļ伫޴ػΪء
ΪԭȡļļޣѶȻ൱֮طԣ70%Ҫ൱ǿٿΪΪڱͻ70%ٿظѡ
ڰأھѶȻԽԽߣҪ൱ǿҪһ־ܳ۳ҡ
Ѷȣǳȵġ
һʱ䣬㹻ļɡַоԵġ



2343 һ굹ʱ
ԭʼɭС
һ֣߽һ׶٪̾һþϣѾذܹǣ
Ӱɱ֣ģ
ɱֳɱޱȳڣܱסģղһΡʧ֡ɱм亱ġ
ܵǽ֮лһԭδԤƵ깥ˡ
Ը߰˵һӡۼ
ѡȴ
Ϊһɱ֣൱ģԲʹա
ο׸߼׼սĹأֻҪǸҪμսһ
ϣ󣬵Ȼȴ
࣬ҵһ꣡¶һŨŨɱ⣬һһ߻ָ
һΣٳԿ

ռ䣬ַļҪ˵һѹء
ԻɱͨλԼǿȸʱܻɱͨλʱԻɱЩλλٮٮߣ
޷ɱҲش꣬һһսзǳؼ
ΪҪʱ临ԭعʵʳҲҪʱ䣬սӰ൱޴
ؼһɱУԵ߾ȫ
ȼλ
ৣһƾַޱۺ;⣬֧ǵһ˿߽ٿۣʱߺΪһ
һ֧
֧ضطһ𣬾Ͳ֧ܺôˣӣˣ
꣡
µĹÿռ𵴣ֻ𶯲ơ
ˡǧΣǳɹһԲصַʶ֮У
Ǎļص㣬ɷգκġ
ٶԼΣ
ַ岢
ʵѾԤеʱķѵø࣬û취ļص̫ѣ߼һһɲǣʣĲٿأоͺʧһ
Ϊʣ30%Ҫٿ70%ǳ
͵40%󰡿60%Ȼͬ༫
ڰʱ20%ٿ80%ǿֲѶʮ㡣

ֺķʮַ꣬ա
ͣѧϰƿµıеռѡΪҪֹȡսãŸߵļޡ
רһ
ҵսܶʱ̫ң޷£սкܳԿ
ؾָм׼ǿֹ߽ܶΣÿһмóıܽһޡ
ܹؼΪһĳܷӵ޵120%130%150%
Ʃ統Լսһ
̲пչĸ߼ޡ
һӵޣһеǿַͷȻĲλҪġ
Ʃսãս̫ࡣ
Ͳ˵յ޾Ĳ࣬ķ꣬սѳƿأѾսá
һǧ߰󣬿սѵһƣø
֮󣬱౦Ӱۡ͡ޡƿأķѾ޶澧ĸߵԼơ
ܰԼǿؾбסվȽŸ
֮ѡ౦һԭǲҪķ̫ʱգƩޣɣķʮʹá
Ӱ۵ƿغķʱֶһЩϾʱơ
ͬ͵ĸߵķѵʱ䣬֮ˡ
£Լȱľʱ䡣
ֶ
ַٻţʱģǶʮǰѶš
50꣬Ҳʱô
ûκνַ˵صؾһʱ佫һսԾʵֲĻӰɱġ
ԼΪĿѵġ
ްգȸͨм׼ƺʱȫɱ䣬
ԭصңӦûһɡַһЦ
ǰûзԼѾԾıǮԼĿޣǰ׷ѵġ
ңԼϣսؾĶǿߡ
һ굹ʱ
ߣʱ龳̭
ʧȥʸ񣡡
ܵ
ַһ½ǣ¶һĨЦݣʼҪڡ
ԼѾ׼ˡ
ৣ°ťַӰ漴ʧ



2344 ս
ԭʼɭУϥھ֮УϢޡ
Ϊһɱ֣Ϣַ֮ϣǳеգҲΪɱֵһűرܡ
ৣ
ͫоѾذ׵ɱ¾Ϣڿ
һ꣬ˡļúҲȴĺִţΪ˵ַ壬˷ѡʱ䣬൱ڸ߼׼սʮ֮һʱ䡣
ΪɱֵԼߣ
ֻҪһ˿ᣬ߾ȫɱ
Ȼ̰ġ˿⣬м׼սʱӵǿߣԷǵУʵıΪ
Է϶ɵԼμսҲڶռ꣬ܡ뿪ٻ
Ͼ˭Ļȴꡣ

̫СˡĿ棬ս۷塣
Ϊ˴ɱĿ꣬˵꣬ǵȴʮ꣬꣬ںΪһɱ֣ȻľΪĿĲϧһе̬ȣ
ռ󣬶ѾϤ
˲ƣ¾Ѷʱֱܽ޷ĶֻɱսУӶռ䷵ػֱʶع顣
С
һʼַûСġ
ֵĵˣǿɾġʶع˲䣬ַѲĵĴڣȷʵΪӰɱ֮֡
սѳʣַսڡ
Լꡣ
ΪһսԼͬƴ꣬սȵһνʱȫͬնȻûκΰգȵѾǿ̫ࡣ
Լٷǵİĳ׼ߣ
~~
ѵһƿַɫд󶯣ӿĿռ㼯γɶиץռطƸӹ
ৣৣ
ȣİСӰѴӰռ䣬Ϯס
ӵⰵڶ죬Ѫսѵĳǿںϳ̶ȸߣ£һӹâռѹӰ
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СΧѸٵŲƣذһжһأǹ͵ıڷͬЧףַ嵶ǿȲ֮ȡ
ֵĿռƿֱ졣
ַѸٷĵķ
ԼٶѹԼĶ֡
һʶĵʵΪӰɱ֮
ÿһεܷȺСӰܴ鷳ǣԼϬЧЧ
ʩչôַܿ쿴ǴĵĿġ
ȵԼץţһδεıܣµһӦضǿ仯Ծ
һԼʩչʩչ˲佫֣ʱ鷳
ĵץסЩ׾١
ƾԿռĸ򣬸ͨơַ岢δðգѡȴ򣬽һ˽ĵʵ
ֹ֪λؾĴǿ֮У˵
ħ֮嵵
ַȿȫսģʽģǲȡģԼĳǹһһĹģ
ͱһȣ˭Ĺǿ
ֱһʵħǣָħ֮ȫַͫ¶ŨŨɱ¾ϢȻԴʯȴرģħӵ쾡¡
ٶȡ˲䱩
Ҳ쳣ֲɱ¾Ϣ
Ŷһֱַ̽΢΢һƣսһѸɾػɱ֣ǰ꣬Ļһ֡
֮ԱַߣȫΪַ˹ԭǡ
깥
Ǳͻ깥ţĸַɱؾĻᡣ
һǿ깥ļ£Ϊһ꣬Բȫ
ֻǳΪ̫ϡ١
ֻҪϣͺ࣬ΪһʧȥҲ֮顣
ĺ֮ôس鶯и¶ɭһõġ
ɱ
ԽַǱԽŭ
һֱȥޱȣ¼մм׼ƺŵַʵ̶֮࣬ɱĸ硣
޵ľ࣡
ԭСĴɱ꣬ѲһУٴܴҲνʼɵĻǻȼգͷϵĿռ·
Ѫ



2345 ̫С
һ壬ģǳªӰСҲһ׶ߡͨռ֮ɱֺʹ̿ͣҼΪǳرıһĺ֮㡣
ѪȫڶʱĵٶȺͷӦռӦƱŷޣʵ˵
µǣѪûκθã
ѪıʼҪָؾսʶһֱʵδȫԸ
£ΪַļޣĲɱУѡֱӹ
֪깥ɱУҲǲں
һνսʱıӲӹһΣһβгػо飬޷ȫҲܿڳܷΧ
ҪٶȺЧʣɱǰꡣ
Ĵˡ
ǰиǿǳѿеӲͷս൱֮ǿ
һλ࣬ȻٶȣѪɫЩѿֵԶԶ˿ȴǿطסһһĹ޹
ٶȸ죬ɱֵķȴӲӡ
һ࣬ӵʣ
أĵĿڴзһͷԱ˻ޱȵļսǱǷѴŵذһδλַ壬ˣѪ졣
ʩչӵػַ壬С˲ϣδĻᡣ˲ᣬֻƤˣս׵ġ
֮ǰոҫѻٻַµսеսսȻǿռϵڼס˫ǿķЩٲά衣
䴦ƣַ岢ҡ
ƻ࣡нŭ
಻ͨôŲƣ¶ʼղȴĵʱŷ𷴻
Ըð˵ķգȻشꡣ
Ҫǣֵ깥һֱûʩչ
һ㣬ɵ
˭ָôĥݣ¾Ǳ츳Ѫʧֻ߶ֵķȱ
̫Сˡ
۾һ⣬ʱӰӶڶʱڼ𶯣¶ʮӰ˷ַ巢𹥻
ռص
ǿĿռ裬ĲϧķѴռʩչɱУȥҲ˷ʱ䣬սپ¶֡
һֱɵֵ깥ȫȥ
ҲˣһֱĴɵʩչȫʵֱӡ
깥Ҳɱ
ĹɱУоԵģһж־Եֵˣ˵˺ķѴռֵá
ذ׵ĺâӰصͺ֯һܼߣַȫ·ΪռصַΧĿռҲ뼫ȱҪܸء
һеĳַ֣ռʤģȻֻС
Ӳһ;
ĺáַ岻巴ЦȴѹҲû㡣
ѵĿȫԸعٺòаĽ֣֮ɫмתһռǣһΪΪģķΪˡ
һΣδתǲͣطֻγһɰٸռγɵľ޴ǣÿһ֮γɹӣռ֡
Ľռǻ
߽׶Ŀռطеţַ岢δȫգܳ԰Ľռ
ǷȱʡĹԺɫ޾Ŀռܡֲ
һαչؿޣַʵͬƿغطĸ
޴ǣܼ
䣡
ѣΧռѲһĶԴȫںΪռĳӦռã־ĹôԷȥȴ֮
˵ٿȻ䡪
һޱȿµǴ͸ռϮʤ
һֱȴһ깥ѹûʱ˲㱻˺Ƭֻķ˲һɵ깥
˺ֲʹĵȫɫҰޱȣЪ˹ںУǼȵʹࡣ

ĵѣһ깥һθǿʮϣ
ʶͺķһ㡣
ֲ˹
ৣ
ַγڰգϷսܿռһַ԰׵ȴ͸ŨŨɱ⣬սѼ
߳
һ£Ѫ䣬ֱնɱ
ģ



2346 ǧɢȥ
ৣৣ
ַܿ콫ĵıսһա
˿о
30澧ҵı
߼׼սĵһսַ˴ջȻֻɱһջȴɱʮٸмƺŲߡ
ģؾĴǿ֮һ
мƺŲߣɱַ̫࣬߼ƺŲ߶ɱһ
մ㣬һȴϹۡ
̫԰ˡַĵʬпѡ
һϣܱסûУıȻ깥ʩչʱʹá
νҲ
˴ƾУ
ȻԼҲնɱġ
ΪƾУԲŻƴԼ깥£ֻʣ30%սضģʱ鷳ʹˡ
㲻ǧɢȥַб鼫ѡ
ս֮ǰԼʵһҲûУԼΪ⡣
ıˣұǿˡʵַѾһԾ˽⣬ģôؾܶԼвģͲˡ
ĴǿУʵǿğħ
⣬ЩȺӵм׼ߡ
һĿ꣬ħ
ַѸٻָƣݲ뿪ؾ
߸ͨؾƷҪżԼĿ꣬߸ͨؾеǿߣȫǻܣ֤Լǵǰм׼Уĵһ

ʱ⹫˾ܲա
ʱ龳УһƬ֮˷զ಻ѡ
ϴǵˣ
ǸǱˣ±ɱǰһƬҵտҲ
֮ǰЦһۻ軨ַ壬һƴÿ湻죬ˬģ
һڳԱϲʤөĻϤӰЦŭ
鳤ȫȻŶȣ㼵ڰĦϣȴЦݣš
䶨
κжϡ
еǱˡַ塯ڸղţնɱ˵ʱ龳мƺŲУ17λģʵʱӵ155λֱ˵25λ130λΣ
ȻսȴֱӷӦյȼ
ǰ30λģ100%ʸǰգΪһˣ
ϴû˵˰ɡȫ߽

Ӷˣʱ龳ҡ
ͷеʱ⹫˾ĶܲЩ񣬲Ӷ˳Աֹ࣬Ҳȷ
ǲСƣǵơ
ḻġ١ÿһ׼ϣȼԱļϵͳ֣гǷա
Ψгͬ⣬ա
֮ǰ˵ˣַǰգƫšԴгµ
Ӵ˻ôȫû뵽ʱ⹫˾ԤյģСһˡƤݵгű˵
ʵ֮ǰм׼սУг㷢硣
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Ӷ˵Ĺأһζȫ̷ǲδǰȥַ塣
˵Ҳû뵽СһôгζŴԴөĻȻɱеˣͷȻǿ깥ôǿҲѵˡ
ֹСһνе츳гЦ۾ԽԽϲ
гͶ˸۹ȥ֮ǰô϶ô˲Ųһͱʱ⹫˾ˡ
ٺ١гӣʥ˶гʱ򣬺οⷲˣʵڲǸã涨ʱ⹫˾ѾչһΣַ߼׼սɣȥգʱ⹫˾ǲܹġ
г֮ԱǣСһֻ־ߣʱ⹫˾ղǸû˼Һãȷ
гʼ磺֪ɡ
ʱ⹫˾Ӷˣͷ
һʣһȻͷȲ˵ģӶءյǱˣǱһЩöˡ
ǿйء
ʱ⹫˾ƼƸˣԻԸԴǱˣһʤһȡǳӢơ
Ӷˣ㷺Ӷʵսʤ̭ɭַ򣬴ɳսңǹ⿿Դѻ
Ϊսĥ³ɳǿߣҪԶԶʤĻ䡣
Ҳһء
ͷǿ֣֮ÿһ۰зǽĳȻڡ



2347 ˭Ҷǣ
սս
ַ岢ͣչΪ²ûʲôֵģԼ۵طһƿڣڹⰵѪڡ
սʵ췽ʽ
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սѣַĵӹѸٻɱһ־壬ֱܵħǿߣȡ䴢ָҲС
ⰵط١ڶѴɣӵнԳΡ
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һδսĥŵ٣н򡣵ڶˣСɽ״ɣӴɵԲҪսĥ¡
ӵԼĹⰵ죬Ĺⰵط
Լδ㹻ǿĵ磬ܵƾ赶֮ҵƾط֮ⰵǿᣬطܴͬǿС
һ̡
Ĵ죬һͣ¶һ̣ε飬εʧܣɳ

ؾУַսҡ

ؾ
һʶɽһƬƬĵĹȵأγˡ״ػѩɽϣϽоǿߣۡ
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Ҳ˵ˣ֮ǰ⵽Ĺÿ죬Ȼͳɵˡ
ǽȵģӦ½м׼ߣ紫ı£֪ǲġ
ܣʲôʵôһˣ˶ɸ߼׼ս뿪ˡҿʲôѵԼˣνľַش֮ôߵ类𡣡
ַ壬
佻ֹǿߣʶĲһĲμʱ龳սʱպգ׹
ַ壬ȴСһ
ʶ佻ֹǿֻϵսѡʶ䱾ˡ
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ϴ˵û֮ǰǸʹĴǿ֮һôֱӾˣһһãһ壬ǳԱŲŸҸǸɣ浱ǵⰡ
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ڣַ˵ˣ㽫նɱ
ʣŸǿıַҲû̫취Ψܡ
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ÿÿӮʱԷһܣôҲס
ʹԼ棬ࡣ
ĺδù룬϶ССϺΪһ㵥ϵıǱ֪ҴΡ
оģŻһҵ
оģ㸻С
Ϊܿоģζܽ뱦㣬ɱ¾ȻǿϵıȻࡣ
ģа˸о
ɱȫоֵڴַһ²ͷܼƳ10澧ǼĺԼնһˡ
ǵоѾܹ24о
ʱ仹磬ʱȥͨؾܴ110о߲㱦⡣
ַа⡣
߲㱦⣬۸100澧Ϊ
Уһ֮Ȫڵ߲㱦֮УΪĶһۣñǡ
100澧



2348 ʱ⹫˾־ڱصã
Ӷˣʱ龳ҡ
гŸϢ൱עġַ塯ɵ˸߼ԱʽÿһΡ
൱߰ԴгǺЦ
Ԥ֮ôɱĵģȻߡг۾
гϲǣӲδʲԷ⣬ǼڽǰսԤ˽һɡ
һɣϣมг
սԽԽѡ
ַǵʱ龳еٮٮߣʵѡ
гͷոѣطһ㣬ҲһЩڲǰɱƬײˡ
гűӣ޵һ嶼ɱȥеʶڵʵؾԺˡ
Сгȹʮһء
гˡ
гͷʵѾˣԿǽַԤصˡ
ţĸԤصšгͬ

ʮǡ
ؾΪֶβпᣬʮͷɵСˣÿһͷӵλսлͷӵλս
ʮͷһ𣬾ͨϣؾ޵дڡ
ĴǿλʵǿğħҲԸǶս
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ӲӣʮһͬǾͨϣȱսǿʮֹ޵ؾ
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һצ˺ַķͷǸͳһһңޱĬֱǡ
໣ͷǴ˷Χۣۺϳɵ
ʱַ޿ˣͷٿԳһųùʵ۾·ħһжա
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һӰַ֣αüǹȡ
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ַӲǸͳһѪսѷһǹɱ¾˻ˣǸͳ໺ѣѪա
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𣡡ʱ״̬лָŭɶ׺ݱĹַ˻ˣǰһ޴ǣռȻѡ

ַɱжٳǸͳһһˣֻʣܻ죬Ҫ׷ַ壬ѲӰ

ӳˡַ峤һ
ʳعʵѸٻָ壬˴·սԼ˲ᣬ˵ؾֲĲǟħʮм׼ͬ˵һǿʢ
ԶԴ٣ռݾơ
Ӱۣһξ൱15000澧ַޱȸԣҲۡ
һӰܹʹûᣬ»ʣһΣȴǿһ١
Чѡ
ղԼϣܻɱ졣
ʱԼɹɱ죬ҲذΧ
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´ַ御ܱ˵òᣬзǿҿҪɱʮͷͬˡɱһͷ´նɱʣ¾ͷ
Լ꣬ǰ׹ġ
սһɣв׸
ʱñչˡ
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ַʧ뿪

ʱ⹫˾ܲա
ʱ龳УһԱһƬ֮̾鳤ȫ۸â
úãȫİо֮ɫ
ϧˡԱõϧ
䲻ǺôħսʱײϣҲˡ
ԣҼǵúַıֱͬʱڵğħöˣɱһͷǸͳ졣
˳ѣһһһˣ
һԱ޲
ַһʼۣԽԽ˸еԾսϵı־ϳɣһҲ̾Ϊֹ
ɱģֻøǿȫĿ⾼֮ǰˣʮҲˣŹ˶ãħҲĶ֡
˲ţʱ⹫˾־ڱصã



2349 ɽ
ʱ򣬸ñչˡ
ַԭ㣬ֹΪĻҪȥΪԼһܹؼı࣬ġ
ؾеһδսʵȶԷǿǱԷѡ
һûкʵıΪԼĿռ費
ϵıʺϵһǬȦռࣻƟ򡣡ַһȦսƷһһ
߶ǿռеһԭΪУһǾС
ҲԼնսƷԴ
ؾΪռؾռԼӵкɫ츳ѪϿռóƺƣʶѡռϣЧѵġ
ͬʱлԼĿռ衣
ѾѪħӣδȫ͸ٻռЩ鷳ƽ׺ķ๦ͨƿء
ߣ౦עսʱıƴִܣѷӹЧȫʩչֿѾӰ١
ǬȦΪֱӡ
һҶֶȫԶʩչݣȫ͸ڶط͸ɷӹЧܽܵмס
ˡ
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ԲӵУʮǲΪ塣
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ֱӣĹеսѣȥɱһѪ·
նǣնʮǣͬˡ

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´ĵУѸͱɽѹ£ݿ࣬ңԡơΪء
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ڶĿռƣ΢
ڶ㡮߽׿ռط
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գȴһ̤Ƭء
ִսֻһˣ塣



2350 ѵĴ˵
ʮˣ
ɣôܣ
ģǹȷǵʬˣǵۣһѣ
ҵģʲô˭ɵģ

ؾûʲôܣܿһʮʮ٣˾֪ǿƥʮڼɸ߼׼ƺǰһ꣬ԼġءС
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Ϊģª׳ħǿߣؾĴǿУʵǿğħ
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ͬǿ֮ĩ
䣡ַ¼йĽռʩչ韂ħͬʱǬȦ׳ڿ˲󣬽ռ

ַڟħߣ߱һȫһػ˲䟂ħȥŲ·
ܣַ깥ļش͸ֱ럂ħʶğħҺһԸӡ
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ÿһصţģͷԴ


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һţʧۣ֮úȫ棬ûһɣҡҡͷ̾ѡ
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ǲ֪ǣǿеġѵַ壬Ȼ뿪ؾµ̡



2351 ʱؾ
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ַԲһ·ɨȥÿؾǧ꣬·ʱ䣬ķֱ꣬ɱؾҾ徣ۻࡣ
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Ƹܶ200澧
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м׼Уﵽ۷ĲΡ
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ΨһͬģʱؾеǿóģԼôӦʱ
ˣŸսԡ

Ӷˡ
СӿȥһؾսһҲгǰ޴өĻϾؿš
ʱؾˣΨһһؼšг
Ϊߣ˵ҪǽУ֮⣬ǻҪӹܡԤؼšļְ֮
νԤؼţǱǱΪһţѾǳӽؼţĳһͻƣĳѪܽΪؼš
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ﵽͷϸ׼ؼţĿǰм׼ƺУֻһ
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һ׼һЩϣһҲʵǿĳ׼ǿԽսĻᡣ
ܻɱм׼ǿߣԳ׼˵ջǳ޴
м׼ߣ
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϶Ƕ쵽м׼ƺŵģãôһɫ϶֣
ৣৣৣ
ʱؾУʬףɴ۾Ȼš
ɱм׼ǿߣȷо޴ջ񣬵ͬʱӦķҲ൱֮Զ֪ϵм׼ߣʵжֲ
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ԣռϣʱϡ
ʵҵʱ츳ڿռ֮ϡ
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Ҫģ񣬼սм׼еʣµǿߣ



2352 ˣ
ʱؾ
ʲô˾˫ʲôħ죡
ͳ@ħӣ֮ӣ
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һֱħӴЦմѪ̤һǿߵʬףЦΧʱ·𶼱ûβ
ŸߵսףʯΪߵ
ѹµģһ˫컭ƽΪʱ֮ͬǸߵ
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ħǿ߶δȫƿʱȻԼδⳡս

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ⰵط쵶ⰵ졣
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м׼ƺʱɱ߼׼ǿߣ׹ͷڳ׼ƺʱˣܾˡ
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Ÿ߶ţٿسž޴өĻ˫ͫѵɴſ͡



2353 ϧۣ
ܣ
ħ죬ȻַС
ܲУÿһʱ⹫˾ĳԱ޲ǺȻĿšǿⱾһƾеսû뵽һʼħַ壬ղҰӡ
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ͬм׼ǿߣôô󡣡ͷӰؿڣ۾



2354 ô
ʱ⹫˾ܲա
ۣ
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Ҳݣôǿ˾ռһμ̳˰
Ǹӣ˾˫ûȥԼȥˣ߼׼ƺŵǿߣ˾˫Ҫߡ
ҿǲΪɱģӮħͲһ˾˫ģħһεģʱͷԡ
˵˾˫ѾΪλսֱλ۷塣
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һڳԱ˵ַǵĺһۿһɳȴҪм׼ǿе֮Ļʡ˾˫ô᲻ġ
ǿ֮һˡ
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Ӷˣʱ龳ҡ
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âгűӣЦؼŵĶԾȤӮǳֵù͡
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гַ廹мʱЩȥĻʵַǱߡ
гΪȣǵĹֻһСֽѣǿĶֱ׵ݣ˭ǿ˭սһĿȻ
гͷӮַǵӶ־ڱصã
ֳţôҲʱ⹫˾гͷ

ʱؾ
ֱַȡʱ֮죬ʱؾе֮أ޾ʱǿؼ˾˫Ǳ֮ء
ַ岻ͬ˾˫ţ˾ռһμ̳ߡ
Ȩơ֮
Ҫ˷ʱȥǿɱսҲûҪΪ˾˫ʵǱߣѾ޵УֻҪȻʱ龳սеĵԼɡ
˵ÿһؾܡ
ͷԵߵ֮
ʱؾܵʲô
طл
ƾ˾ռҵȺѪƾ˾˫츳ʣѵ޷
˾˫ķ϶֮УΧʱԪؾͺһƣʱ䷨Ϊף˵ɡ
޴ķ϶һֻͫʱԶʱؾ̵öࡣ
˾˫Ѿꡣ
ʼδκջ
˵ǣʱ˾˫ٳ߸ͷһͻƿΪλʵȻȻһ̨ס
ǧҪ뿪
ѵʱؾĻĺԵ
ɶ񣡡
˫ȭ˾˫лʡ
֪ؼŶһ޷ĻΪԼһһ
ʮ꣬ҪΪ߼׼ƺţȻ޷ٽߴͨؾ
ڴʱ
ţ˾˫üͷ΢΢һأΧʱѸĿȻԶоһϢ
е񣿡
˾˫Щơ
ʵ֮ͣЩ˼
ʱؾģ붼м׼еٮٮߣе񣬾Ѫ츳ٺãжǿս
Ȥ˾˫ü¶һ⡣
ͷųϢδԷܣӵĽӽˡ
ԷбΪ
ৣ~~
Ӱڰ֮УǾ޴϶֮ǰŨʱƬַ˾˫ӣŨŨսѸ

Ҫԣֱһս¡



2355 ⲻǺô
߳
ַһսѱ㿪ڶƣȫ˾˫ʱؾѾޱ˾֪
ͷؼšַսܡ
Լһ᾿
ӵһյĳ磬ɱ¾ʩչ۵λԼ˾˫޴󣬽ֻʱ⹫˾Ͽɵһš
˭ǿ˭ս֪
ǿ˾˫˲֮ģǰλս֮ǿԤбһԲγһʱֱ֣ػǰ

ֲɱ¾Ϣӿʱּ飬ּλָԭ״˾˫ͫо͵ֳһ⣬һٵ
ʱ䷨·ֹͣһ˲̡
ӿϣÿһɲǷ
ʱ
̣̣
һ޴ǳֶ֣࣬ǹʱΣഥĥĴ̶
أ
֮ľһǵȴ޾˲ʱ¡¡һƬʯ콵ֱȡ˾˫
Ľǣռ
ǻ
ٸγһ޴ǣĽǲӵйȫҲǲסʺ⣬ȸߵй֮޲ֻǿƵôǿ
˾˫İӰʱΪߵֽײַӵк֮ĺɫΪܣǲܱơ
ã˾˫¶һĨЦݣһʱ·ӳƵġ
ǻ͸˾˫ĲӰԶʱ˾˫ԭأбɣֱַѡ
أַӲһսĹâܴء
Ӱ˲ֿ
һһں֮䡣
˾˫ǿ̾Ϊֹ

˾˫ʲô̫ţ˰ɣܿеȿռɱа
ַ֣岻깥ôղǾѵĻᣬֻҪ˾˫ֵס˲Ϳɷɱ
ܲգʱ龳УһڹԱڹۿǧѷһս
һս֮ұ˾޲ѡ
Ϊ˾˫ķһ鳤ȫէ˾˫ַܿĹɷɱʵֻǼ󡣡
˾˫ıֻǽʱϵӳ٣ȥܣĿַ幥
ڱ˺ɲ˲䷴˵൱󡣡
˻Ȼ
̶ֳȵĽ棬Ƕڹ
鳤ַǿǷԲδʩչ깥ôһԱʵ
ҾͲ֪ˡȫөĻɲǼ䣬ַжϣսֱ飬ͺܿˡ
ֻңδõ
ɫȻ
鳤ȻҲûս˲Ϣ䣬ĻʱȥֱЩ
ǺǣϹɵİɣĿֱܷõ
ստʼҶ̽ôɱеģַҪʤΨһĻ깥ֻһλᣬһʧܾ군
ҲΪַ϶ѡһʱȥڡ
϶˾˫֣˾˫ģ൱ղſ¾һ̽ؼžؼţ治һܱȵġ
ޣַղʩչ깥군ˣá


ַԲ֪˾˫ĶսѱĿ
˾˫ղŵĹȷԼ֮⣬һսŸտʼδֵϸֱӽǿɱʩչԼҲͬоˣⲢ˾˫ı塣
Դʯ
ıͬǿ֪Լνλ񣬵۸֪ܳԼġ
䣡
ħ֮嵵ֱһħǣָһ壬Բϑħ֮߹ȹⰵѪַ忪ȫսģʽ
ղֻһ̽Ĵ
˾˫δȫԼͬδȫʵ֮ǿǸԼӡеսսƻأɼһ㡣
ԽۣԼȷ·硣
ⲻǺô
ǰ˾˫ǿм׼ǿߡ
ʮ飬ÿգһ粼ƥĻͶ峺͸ǿգʮǳַҲڶΣ㹻
εĹӼҲӵ
ڶĹÿաȴǻͣôǿԼǿȾͲһˡ

ַչʮͬʱսҲ˲䱬Ĺⰵط١Բĵڶʩչ޾⡣
ӵУɽ
ǿƣ



2356 Ѷ
õ˾˫ɫȻ
˾ռ壬ļʶҪַö࣬һʩչܸоõȫԴĵΪΨԴĵܴﵽ120%ĴԲ
ԼҲ޷ϵĽ
ϣһȷ֡

ҵĽ˾˫磬ҫʱɫâºĥھ緽ѹַ塣

Ǳսһ
˾˫ȷδ㵶ӵ˾ռĴУŸֶĽʦ̵ѧϰǿ޷ӵ120%100%㹻
ƣ˾˫Ŀ罣âš
ǲᴴ콣׶ΣȫûҪ
ϣ
âѹƵ⣬˾˫

Ӷˣʱ龳ҡ
ѽѽѽ·ˡгζŴԴ
ⲻǺôѲΪСһӮ˾˫гǺЦ
ܻǱһϣг
гҡͷֽ׶ַ˾˫һݸһţ˴㲻ͬɳ֮·̫󡣲ֻֽ׶ʱģδչҷַһ㡣
˭ַۣܽʩչ깥ˣг
סˡгϧ˾˫ı̫ˣ̫ǿ㿴ֻǺһ
гЦһҪһսǿ߶սԷͻȻʩչ깥Ҳһ
гӣǺЦҲǣˣѶ
šгҲǵͷ
Ѷ
ⲻǵӶг뷨ͬʱ⹫˾ڹԱ뷨ۼַʩչɱУ޹˱֪ⳡսѾ
ΪַΨһʤĻᡣ
ս˾˫ȫѹַ壬λսﵽλ۷壬ǿĲһ㡣
˾˫ƿߵÿһռ¡
ϵƣ˾˫ûκĿܡ
ǿ
˾˫ǿؼţ
ַҪˡ
өĻϣַȷѴȫ·磬ϸǶദܴʵǱߣ˾˫ʵʲô¡
Ϊ˾˫м׼ǿУ޵С
ŵ߼׼ǿУǸٮٮߡ
ɡ˾˫ĽһƬƬ޴ʱˮĻȻ£ٲйһĨɱΪ˾ռļ̳ˣԲνʴȡ
սһ
ͻȻ䡪
Χʱ˲ʱһ㣬˾˫üͷ΢΢һأʱ֪ʲô
ʱ˾˫ȫںһǰͻأسһͷľޣѪŴڣҧ
þ
Ӱۣ˾˫˲Ȼͫһƣɢ󣬵þеʤڹȫǷ깥в׹Ч
ڴʱ
䣡һɿʶ
֮ǰĺľ޷·һεȴޱʵ
񣿡˾˫Щ£˲ѷӦΪ緢֮ɢĹ˲ǹɿ͸ѿ
깥
ôܣ˾˫˲оԼ˺һ㣬ûػֻʶ
£ͬڱþӰ졣
깥ôһǿô࣡˾˫ȫûϵ֮ǰֵһ깥صֵȫһ
һΣ֮ǰȫ
һСϪˮڵȴǾκˣʶ
ң˾˫ҧгݣѪĿҲƴȫ֪ˣӰۼ깥ֱ¡
һ깥ҪȫĵͶ룬ϣӰ౦Ҫٿء
䣡
Ѫ˾˫ǿסһѹȴǼɱ
սѵƿӳ100%״ֻ̬ʣ10%ַɱս
ƣ˽׿ռط
նף
޾ɱ¾Ϣǿ־ַ彫ӵзӵ쾡£ɽѣأش˾˫Ұϱ貹âػˡ
߳
£޳֣ס˺
ʱ
ಣһȦӴܵ˾˫ǬȦƫиպҵ˾˫Դεͬʱ󣬽롣
ৣ
ַӰ˾˫սѵٶ֡
նף



2357 ʲô
˶Ŀɿڴ
ƷƱ仯֮죬һ򣬸ո˾˫ռݾϷ磬ɱַƬײɾ˲㱻һֱش޶˳ӽѣַץס
սһ£˾˫ɡ
ת
˾Ŵ죬ҴۼַսȻ䣬Ҫؼš˾˫ն׻ɱָоıšһ
ǿؼŰ
Ȼսбնɱ
ڸ߼׼սҲǺٷ˵м׼սµǣնɱģȻһԤš
߳
ַĵɾ䣬ĹһһֱȻ֮ǰһʩչ깥ֻһǹ˾˫
Ȼ˷20%ֵá
ֻʣһεߵӰۡƳ˾˫깥ߵһơ
ַ
ᣬֻһΡ
ɹˡ
ɱ˫ֻͫʣ10%δӰ쵽ַĹʱʶޱǿ־壬սѰɣ˾˫ͷ­һ֮ң
ȴҲ޷¡
~~~
һɫ޻ǰİƣʱУַĹ¾ͷ·һƬ鲻޻֮ϣ˲ʱû
ÿµʱ䷨򡣡ַͣ¡
ʱգѴﵽľ磬ңԶܽԼĹ⡣ʵ֮ǿ̾Ϊֹ
~ַָͫ峺
Զǵͫʱ϶ִ΢΢ַ֣壬μߡ
ʵģ
̣~
ʱ϶ƿһѷ죬̤һŵ۵İ׺ߣִ۾Цšһ£ʱ·תһ㣬˾˫ϵǬȦصַС
ûйûƻô򵥵ˮ
׷ߣȫ͵վ𣬵ɴ۾
ǵӶ˵İ׷ߡʮ鳤һͬüͷš
ʱ⹫˾ڳԱܲʶ鳤ḻϵá׷֮зǽ绹쵱ġ
ৣ
ȫһй⣬˲ӿ뿪

ʱؾ
ǺǺǺ~׷߷һӣ˾˫Ӱ˲ʱʧ۾ַ壺Сһôࣿ
ô⡣ַ廰ô˵ȴڵѪ
һ˾˫ҹƱȵĸģô߾ˣԼҲû취Ѳɻȥ߲ɣ
ǺǺǺ~~׷Це֪϶СһʵҲǾǾ㡣
ַ֮һ˲𣺡лǰ
ǺǺǺ~~׷Цһǽ⣬˫˾ռļ̳ˣ˾һ飬ֶΪ
ַס
׷û˵ԼҲˡ
˾ռļ̳ˣݺε󣬿ɱȡؼšĸַصö࣬ǰ׷߸ոᵽġ˾ߡٲȻ˾ռˡ
˵սûκιɱû˻㣬ֻϵĹ
ɱ˼Ҽ̳ˣ˼Цӯӯض㣬㱨
ȷʱ龳սзʲôû֪Ƕͨ˵Щ߼ǿ˵Ҫ֪һЩ£ѡ
˾˫Ϊؼš
Լһûų̂ɱ˾˫֮·²ά衣ʱ⹫˾ʱ⹫˾ܱԼһʱһ
ֳԹԼΪ߶ˡ
лǰָ㡣ַлЩ⣬ԼδᣬǽͷöӦһ鷳
ǺǺǺ~~׷۾ЦҲ㣬ȥ߰ɣûлԵͿԼˡ˵ţɫһӣǳһɫĹַ֣
ʱһ壬γɵɫ־һ貵̫ˡ
~~ʱƯڿУŰ׷߷Ӷʱһǣַ壬ֱǵͫʱ϶֮С
ǺǺǺ~~
Ц׷Ӱģʧա

Ӷˣʱ龳ҡ
гг۾ɴˣΪӶ˵һӣϵײβİ׷ߡ
ǿǴмƽһ涼ѡ
£׷ȴˣֻΪһм׼ƺŵš
ʲô
Щﵽ׼ĳţ׷߶δֹô¡гŴԴгһȻ
֪г૵ַСһȻǱߴٰɣ
гĿӣЦѡ
̫ˣ



2358 ʱ϶
ʱ⹫˾ܲա
ϴ󣡡ȫӰ֣ڳǰ
Ѿ֪ͨߴˡۻ룬һŹӳϣͫ⣺ʱ⹫˾ڱصá
ȫͷʤǿ˾˫ⳡսӮ̫Ưˡ
ʱ⹫˾ȱţû츳ҳ츳ȱľӵмǿսģⲻ츳ѣԵ͵ı顣
ȫ̾û뵽ᣬ˶ġ
ȣ˾˫̫ˣӵиõ츳Уǿѹʵ㱻ն䵶¡
ȫַһδ񣬿ϧˣ֮ǰܰͺˡ
ѾúܺˣҵĴڻлᣬѾʾߴˣߴ˿Գ棬黹ת
ȫͷԣôҲøӶˣ
ǵȻ

ʱؾ
ʱУַͫʱ϶ʱ裬Ծľ顣ʱУоõ
ɫȸԾű¶ԴѲ̫
ؾУδĵط
ÿؾ⣬̫עɱ¾Щ
ʱԺú͡
»ָعʵػָĵƬչľʱؾܸӦʱ䷨򣬰
ߣ̫
濴ֻһ϶ÿطʱٲͬʱҲͬ
ʱ䷨һ壬ͺʱһשһߣγһʱ
ַȫ
ಣ
ʱȻڷɳۣԹнѰʲô긴һ꣬תǧţʱ򷽲Ż۵ȼһա
ǣַڰգشܣԿºطûʲôͬʱһԾԶصʱ䷨һ塣
϶ʲô⡣ַ
ҪԼĵطһлԵ
ܷסͿԼ컯ˡ
ʱַ廷ܣδƱĴڣҲδκǲر򴫳ĴڣһĿȻ
Ϣɢȥ⣬ֱӵʱ
۲δκ⣬ַ漴ģʱ䷨Լʣʱ仹кܳ

Ӷˣзǽܲ
׷Сһˣ߹ЦһɫսףǾϸ·׳˶ģվ͸˼µѹȸС
ǺǺǺ~~ͨд׷ƵЦô
۾һףСӾǱҲ߿ռһ·ʲô¡
׷Ц֪ʱ츳У
ߵⲻǷϻô㿴õȫǿռģùʱġ
ǺǺǺ~~׷ֻЦ˵
˵ˣʱ⹫˾Ǳ˿ɱ׵ö࣬ô϶ߡߵ
׷Ȼඡ
ͫ¶һ˿ζЦ⣬漴Ӱһʧͨͷ
ͷûŪ
׷ʲôá
Сôô
Դ˼⡣

ʱؾʱ϶
㿪ʼʱַ˵ʵİϾɫбʱռĽϣʱ꣬°빦
ֻȷʵЩ
һʱͨʱߵĵ·ĸǧַ꣬װ׷ߵ⣬ȻϣԼһ·
м׼սʱޣԼֲϣֻҲϲ
ǲ
ʣʱ䣬Լ£óĹⰵ֮õĿռЧҲѡ
ҪôҪôַ̽ǵø߼׼Ĺ
100000꣬ۻһоߴͨؾƷɱһؾҪԼѾɣֻȴʱľ
и񣬽׻ƴ磬ҵµǰɡ
ǰɵѶȷǱѰ
ûҪ˷ѾȥðգʵʵڣʱΪ߼׼ǿߣԻиս
ַǾ
ڼɱ¾ǿߣҲʵǿм׼ǿԼսˣ缯оʵԸõ״̬սȥ֮ĸ߼׼ǿߣ
ɡ
ȻӦ⣬롣
ߣӴһʱͨҲ޻



2359 
ƿ֮ϣΪ
ǿߡ顢ΪƿĴڣʩչңܵסڶһЩؾС
յֻһ֣ͺһƼеĿߣ˶ѡ
ֻϵģеĶǿߡ
ߡ
һĴڡ
ߣһ·ֱʱߣռߣߺͽߣֶܳսҲ޸֮֡
ʱߺͿռߣʱ䡢ռ׵ģΪʱͿռ䱾λ
бȽ϶࣬ΪȽǿںϸַƩ׺ͷ磬ʹأȵȣںϺܴﵽλĲΣߣȡƷס
һ㵮ħ壬Լޣǿĥɾͻ塣
κһֻ֣ڳʱСǿǿӵл壬Ϊ׾٣绨ľ紵ݴ򶼻СгɾͽߵĿܡ
֮⣬һЩߡ
Ʃ紫ߣƩħĵħߣеԪߣһߵȵȡν⣬ָǱĴ߸ǿֻǴﵽҪԿ̣·ߣ١
Ⲣֻʱʱ϶ַ֮Ƿ֮
ǻʵǧԴ֮Ϻ󽥽ʼ仯ֻʱһлںһЩء
ںϵزûʹӣԼ˵򷴶ࡣ
ͺҪƿһƼе޴֣ٿȻ䷢ƼеһԼ൱ϤеģָоĶ
꣡
ַꡣ
енر⣬ߣԼȻİⲻһ׹ʱͬһ׺еģ
֮԰׺߸Լָ·ȥԼɾʱʱߣͬһߡ
ȻͲ޸֣֮ƿ֮·սǿࡣ
ȤַһЦ
׺Ӧ֪ԼɱУӍļصжԼǿȣʶƼԼ·
ʱ걾ޱϣϡ
һ·ߣַ⣬ԭΪֻǵʱǣһ·ڽӴû߹·ԼǼġ
϶ȲطЧҪõöࡣ
һҪԼһֻҪбܸ򣬲̫ˡ
̶꣬Ҫһܡַ⣬Щ棺ôʲôͼ
ߣ˸߹ңֻһ
ַȻʧЦ
ߵԼ²͸Ҳû·ߣΨǼʱ֮·޷Ƕ٣߾ûˡ

Ӷˣʱ龳ҡ
ˣַϾҪˡԴгĦȭơ
ãû⣬Ѿ׼ˣȥгСС۾ڷ⣬ǰ಻ס
˵ʲôг۾һɣͦص֮ǰ˾˫ȥģʧˣôҲֵȥ
гɫһ䣺˾˫ʧܹң˾߱ʱ⹫˾ǱߣǿǺһ㣬ʲô취
жΡгǿ׺
г᲻ѣַ屾ҸģӦȥ
гβһ֮ǰ֪˭ַﵽм׼ƺʱȻûȥ
ǣΪгǳ鶯ߺߵΪַ֪϶ֻõм׼ƺţʱ⹫˾Ǳ߰ˣ㿴Ҷǡ
гŭһۣ㻹ҪҪˣ
гг˦ֵҲܣȥַ塣
ȥ
ȥ
ȥ
~~
һâһΰӰ漴֣һɫӣŲŭƣһѿ¾޸һ˫Ŀɨггʱ
μй٣гг
ǰǸʱ龳սյսߣ龳й١λ֮ߣԶԶгг
ǶˡսĮȻ
гг㵵йٴ㡭
ҡսҡͷַǲҪٹܣѾ˲֡
˲֣
гг¿ˮжʱȻֵǡ



2360 ˣ
ܶռ䡣
~~
ַӰ֣ϥգһ㵭ʱԪȥʶĿʮʥ
ַ꣬һֱʱ϶пޡ
ʱ񣬾Ѽߡ
ַһκķ˶ʱǱޣ1:100ʱ龳Уֻ൱ѵãΪһ˵ʵ൱ٱٶȡ
˵ʱ϶Ƕصĵȫ֮أ°빦
һжˡ
֮Ҫ͵ÿﵽ߼׼ƺţ޷ٽߴͨؾ̸ϼ
ͷưַ̾
ʵǸ㳢ͷղʱʱ͵ˣټȥɣ͵üͷ
־Ǹȡ裬Ա˴˶Īô
Լ˵νԼδͻ߻úܣ֮ǰһ־֮·ա
ͬʱĸҲ˲Сٷλ񣬶۷塣
ʱ䡢ռ䣬Ϊλ򡣡
һ൱ڸ棬Ȼߡ
Լʱһλȴ󣬹ʶεҲֻ࣬һܿ񣬴ﵽ
ˣսȫ
˾˫Լ100%ģ潫ԼսޱȽӽ۷塣
ΣҪͨԼԹⰵĸ̣Ƿǳӽ
֮;ʵһЩƵĸ
ϲߣʱ龳սĸ߼׼
ȴ
ŶϤٿһռһɲʱ·ͣ٣ַ˲оһĲǰسһӰ
ǺǺǺ~~׷׺ͰЦݣִɫɷǣ֮ǰԼʱ϶İ׺ߡ
ߡַΪԾֵ
µͷԼû뵽Ļ߼ǿߣǸոָԼİ׺ߡ
Ű׷׷ߺǺЦаɫһӣʱƺΪ֮ı䣬ʱƿ֮ǿһ
׷ߡַ幧
׷΢ЦӶˣš
̣̣
һ׹磬˺Ѱƿռ䣬׷΢΢һޣԶռѷ̤һ׵ӣһԾ޴׳ᣬ׵˲
ÿµϢַ֮һݡ
׵Ϣ֮ǿǹ׷ߵϢֻڵϢ׷һ˫ͫ͸ЦݣʵԲֹڴˡ
װ£ƺϹذɡ׷ߺǺЦ
װ߶Ű׷ߵߣַ壬ͲһļƷ׹˲䣬װֿ죬¶һĨЦݣȻӢ۳ꡣ
ʱ⹫˾װߡ
ַ壬ǷԸʱ⹫˾
װߵЦݣƺ׵Ҳ
ǺǺǺ~~׷ЦţȴǿЦ
֪װƢԣ·ƣͷԭĹأ֮ǰַм׼ƺʱʱ⹫˾ѾһΣôǵӶ
һλ󣬷ž
װȫֱӲӣ׷Ҳûа취
һߴˣô죿
װߡַ߼ǿߣΪһ
ֻЩܳ
Լм׼ƺʱֻʱ⹫˾˺鳤Լȴߴˣ
ԼǸһˣͷ˿ء
ַҲ֪һЩأ߼׼ƺʱͷǰļԭʹܶ࣬Լм׼ƺʱʱ⹫˾Լ
һǰĶ鳤ˣӶг
ģȴߣ
ַ壬ȥӶ˰ɣ츳Ѿս֤Լ׷ߺǺЦӶ˻ؼŴϧ
ģӶ˾ͻؾ𣡡װߵʱ⹫˾ӵͷһָԴȫɾ֮·һ˳ûκηգַ츳Ϊȡؼŵ
˵˵׷ߺȵӶ˷˲ţУʱ⹫˾͵Ӷʵ⻰˵ĵ
װߺ˺ߣ׷ߣֱַЦַ壬ʱ⹫˾һڵġ
ʱַ壬ߵķЩ¡



2361 Ϊѵѡ
μսǿַ߲֮ͬǰѹûͷҲû˽Ϊһеģֹɴ˾
ս֪ԭͷзǽףľްԴڡ
ߴߣˮʹӦ
ߣڸֹɴ˾ֻΪʱͺøУû̫ء縺ϵΣԼǰ;ַԲóȻ
¼ͷ
ʵǣ컨׹ʵʵֵǿ
ۡ
һʱʱ⹫˾ʮ˽ÿһޱȶˣʮֺˬ
ֱַڶǵã˵Ķƭ˵ġ
ƩѡһһսףߵƩʼ10000澧֮ÿһԪ1000澧
ڳΪš󣬷֪һŵĽ㲻ʲô
һţ18˽
ţ36˽
һֹÿһһŵĽõöࡣ
ѡһ۷һ۷սףѡʼõ澧Ǵ10000澧ֱӷһٱﵽ˵100澧ÿһԪõģҲﵽ10澧һŵİٱ֮࣡
ʱ⹫˾Ӷ˿ֲͬ
֮£ʷ΢ѷɫһ㣬Ʃ澧ʱ⹫˾100澧Ӷֻ50澧ȻҲܶ࣬һ
ӶɢɢһЩΪſ42ʱ⹫˾6
ܵ˵ʱ⹫˾һЩ
һ࣬Ӷƿصؾ࣬̽ս˵ʺһЩ
ʱ⹫˾עȫԴĸͽ̵
ַϸȻ
˵һѧԺɣһʵսɣѹװ֮ǰ˵Ӷ˾ϲؾӣҲʵ
ַװߡ
棬ʱ⹫˾ȷ൱죬ж츳͸ԴɲţԼм׼ƺʱʱӶ˲δֻ֣ʱ⹫˾Լһŵ
ʵʱԼһͼʱ⹫˾
ֻһҪȽ롮غؾΪλ뿪ӳڶĻ֮䣬Լû㹻ʱ䣬ʱܾˡ
װߣУؼ˽ؾﵽ۷뿪ôַʵ
Ǳ߰׷ЦݶʱװϲüңЦⶫֻǸʽ¿
ַԸȥȥԸⲻȥҲûϵ
ؼţΪֻʱ⣬˾⡣
˲ţκһȡĶǹԱ̬ȣɷչûκϾУԼԡ
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֮ǰʱ⹫˾Ϊ磬̸ˣʶʱԼܣʮ֮ȪҪ1000澧ҲҪȥ׬ȡ
׷ߺǺЦҲǣַɳ룬뵣Ӷעصģÿһǿߵɣ³ΪߺڵӶжǼɵġ
װ۾һбĲô
׷һ飬Цַ壺ʱ⹫˾ܸģӶ˶ܸ㣬ʱ⹫˾ģӶҲܸ㡣
֮ǰġ֮ĴߣҵӶ˵ߣŻ˻ָ
װɫһ䣬죺ϼ޻
ַͷ
˵ʵ֮ԼȻȤӰôʵԼ԰׷֮ǰġ㲦Ǹмһ㣬Ӷ˿ҲкøС
ʱ⹫˾һΪϾԼ̬ȣֱ˿϶ĸо粮ǧһߣԴϵ棬ʱ⹫˾ռš
ͷһһԼҲ÷ˣһС
Լûʲǫ̂ͷҲ޼һνԴȻҪ໹Ҫ
ͷһȴЩ˳øʧɩ⡣
ѡΪѡ
ַ屾Ҳϲ
λߵĺ⣬ַܳȷʵ֪ѡ񡣡ַЦлߣѡһˡ
ѡʱ⹫˾ûġװؿڣԺ
ǺǺǺ~~ַԼɡ׷Цݣ絭塣
ַ
˵ͷв⡣



2362 ̫
λߴˣʵһμսַ
׷һ㶣װҲһ
Щʼδ
˵һһɳؼţͷ룬СѼһԾţĻ
οеѡôѡһ롣
ټμսʵѾǺܴ
ַӦ֪μսʼΣաװü֮ҪԵģЩʱʮٱĶ׼ǿߺ׼ǿߣӦ
׷Ҳͬص˵ͷʵս壬ھ˵Ǳַ֤Լ˷ʱ䣬оΪ߷֮ء
ԣΪ߸Ҫλͷһվͬһϡ
ַЦ
ԼôѡԼԭ
һԼͷ̫˽⣬μսʱȥ˽⣬1:100ʱҲ꣬Լܵ
ԼЩ׼ǿߣ׼ǿʵҲܺ棬֪սʲôʴ̼ݣЩѪڷս
ҲҪģԼҪ1000澧ȥʮ֮Ȫ߼׼սʱԼɱǿߣջ񲻷ƣ1000澧һξ롣
ξ벢ٸԼʱ䣬ɱǿߣ˵1000澧20003000澧ԼҲܻá
õʱ⹫˾Ҳֻ100澧ԶԶ
ֲ֡
Լڲ룬óΪ׼ǿߺһܼ룬ʱʵǿͷ˽ͨ͸ȵࡣ
һССԡߵַ廹Щ˼ܾǰ׷ߣ֮ǰ˵Լ١
ʲôԣ
˵ǰ
׷ߺװһ˵һСһġԡȷʵǡ
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ģ빺ʮ֮ȪǮַʵ
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׷ߺװ΢΢һ
٣ұȥʱ⹫˾ˣװߺ죬ؿڵװãʲôʱ򻹶У
ַ֮һ
ʱ⹫˾Ȼƴ֣۾գһ¡
ǿ1000澧
ǺǺǺ~~Ǳߴ׷ϤЦƺ⣬װ߷·뵽ʲôɫʱˡ
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ǵġַӦ
׷ַ壺μսǺ£ɱ¾̫಻Ҫ鷳δĳɳʵ״
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׷ߵҪǣرвûô֮Ȫ֮Ȫ̫ϡ٣ÿһռףرҲ֮Ȫ
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Ǯ򲻵ôװ֮Աǡ
׷ߺǺЦֻЩɢɢģҪռɵ÷һû㹻͵λʮļǮҲһ㡣
װ߶ʱ
Ǯ򲻵
׷ߵһһˮ£ַ˼ѡ
ĻԼμսʵĲ̫֮ǰļƻȫңһʱЩʧȥ硣
ٿأַ֮һ׷ߣߴˣʵӶǷд
С׷ߺǺЦ
϶ʮװƲ졣
׷ЦȷʵװԣӶУ֮ȪҲֻ
ֻһ롣ַ֮ݣĿߣ飬һȻ׷к󻰡
ַһҪʮ֮Ȫôѡ񡣡׷ߺǺЦһйϵڸжһͷһжС
뼯ͷı⣬ʮ֮Ȫ´ࡣ
ַЦһԼô
ڶȴ߼ȥзǽչ̣ռǧ꣬ӦҲǿչ
ַҡҡͷ
Լûôʱ䡣
׷ߺǺ΢Цַ壬ʱһͷϺ꣺Ӷˣ˿ŻݼǮһ֮Ȫ໹ᰲӶƿصؾ
Ȫؾ
ֻڻȪؾ֮Ȫ
˵Ӷ˵ĳԱͷδԲԽ룡
ֻҪб£˵ʮ֮ȪһٺҲõ

ַ֮׷ߡ
һϢȷըͷը죬þû֮ȥ
Ȫؾ֮Ȫ
Ӷˣ
׷ջ罪̫㣬Լ
ԸϹ
ãԸ롣ַ׷ߡ



2363 ս
ǺǺǺ~~׷۾ͷ
Ǳװһ첻ѣƻϺꡣ
ΪߣԲˮַӲʩؼ亱һ𽵹յõȻǺãպַɲţԻǵĺô
ղҲû취
Ǹװߡַ΢΢ףװ߱ʾлΣʱ⹫˾ϴԼԼҲһֱǻǼʱ⹫˾
ڼѡ񣬱㲻
ӿڴӦ׷ߵһԼѾǵӶ˵һӡͷûʲôû֣֮ڵҶƽƽзǽˡ
ˡװ߰ڰ֡
Ŀ׷ߣüëһ⣬׷ǱӶʱ⹫˾
׷ߺǺЦ㡣
ߣװ߱ǿ׳׹ⱩƺҪһ֤磬ǹ׷ߣֲ׵ʹռ䶼ھҡΡ
ߵʵôַһʵظо
ֲĿ겻ǰ׷ߣͬԼֻһС֣ٷ֮һ˾˫ǿö࣬
װԼ𹥻ԼֻһжӲˡ
Ȼ䣬һ΢棬ͺƲư֣ʱޱȻոԱޱߵԪأ˲ʱϢģ˳ɱ
ǺǺǺ~~׷ϤЦװɫЩѿ
ৣ
װֱ׵˺ռ䡣
ˡ׷΢ЦװߣĿַ壺ӭӶˣַ壬Ѹöһıһһ£طͲÿˣȥ㡣
鷳ˣ׷ߡַס
׷ߺǺһЦʱ·ֹɲǣӰʧ
ȥռʱտҲַָҲǳ˿Ȼ߲δͷѹռϾô󣬸ѹлǺǿġ
׷ߣװߣһһӲͷӸλǲͨ
ߡ
Զ
ַ֪ԼҪ̤߲ס
Ѫ̫ǿȻǱ󣬵ֱԼβŴﵽ۷壬ʱĸġ
ԽԽѡ
ؼſؾѪҲǸɡַһЦʵԼҪ̤߼𲢲ѣʲôҪ
ΪԼ塣
ȣҪ㹻
ңǿߵ·ߵŵһɲǺܹؼİ൱޴󣬲ֻǿżô򵥡
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룬ҲҪһùⰵ𣬳ѴޣַкĿ֮꣬ǰǰ·Щģࡣ
ͷͬƽƣɨǰϰ
֮·һ˳
ԣؼųΪߣʱ⡣
ð׷ߵ̫ˣȰѽȫһˡַҲǸɴ࣬өĻϵĽһδϸΪҲûʲôÿ
ЩٱҲȲؼŵĸ
Ӷ˸ؼŵĸȻȲʱ⹫˾Ҳ˶٣澧50ɱȸ߼׼ƺŵĽöࡣ
߼׼10000澧
߼׼ѹע20100澧
ЩزأһһӡĲ˵٣Լ˵ɱһм׼ƺǿߣҿֹܶһЩ
о
ϧֻܿ㣬޷߲㱦⡣
ַҡҡͷ
һ֮ȪҪ100澧㱦ļ۸䣬ֻ90澧ʧ֮ۡ
ʵڶһôҲ󡣡
׷Ҳ֮Ȫ
Լڵң300澧
ȫ֮Ȫֻʣ100澧ˣʵĹؼڣøҪڵϡ300澧һʵڡ
ܿһȪؾѰ֮Ȫ
8֮Ȫ10֮Ȫ󡣡
ַд㡣
ӳڶԼʼռǹң˽á
Ŀɨ⣬ַѸΪ֮ǰʶֻҪһСֱɣطⲻҪٿΪһЩӶжС
֮ǰġ֮Ӷ˺Ȼܻá
ΪԼؼŵݼġ
á
Ҳ
ţˡ
ܿ죬ַ㽫սƷһ
ûѸһգ300澧˵Ҳ࣬һûٱ֮һա
ˡַ΢ȻһЦ뿪ռ䡣



2364 쿴棡
зǽ磬
̻Ի͵Ĺڣظ裬λѾԻַǷӫϷӳۼĻ棬ŮභĿϾӡ
󺹣ûʲôӰ˵ǰĹ
һŽɫëͷϴŻʹڵԳҡͷ̫ˣһĶûУͼҴģ
¤ЦǳһСӣܲôҲȲްˣʮ߻Ӽ䱦Ӹλ
G޹ðɫ棬ЦǲĶҲײҹ˹ء
˫ĿŹ⣬Ľͺˣӵ˰
ǰޣʲôһ¡¤ҵڿ쵽ˣھ򲻵ӣλӿɾˡ
޹ЦʵҲûʲôǶһĥۣŵžͳˣȮؼҪѪһеѪҪ˵ǰɡ
ͷ
ĶӴض
ǶͨĹֵõĽ򲻴ûʲôؾӣΨһЩԼġҵӳڡ
ǹзǽͳܵġ
ˣզ˵ǲǲʲôӰԳµ
¤ҲЦϲҴţص
Цһ
ʲôӿɲأмҵ׶ߣԪǵù͸ȫûһĶûС
ǲ˵ǲ֪˵ʲô
ˣ
ǾͱˡһۣЦҪкһ˵ˣٱȥŪ˼Ҷˡ
ǰЦйôʮ߻ô͵˲ţŸûãϾûʲô顣
۾ЦƱȾƺȾơ
ڴʱ

⣬һʢװĿӴϲֱۣһλӸλ۷ǿߣٶ
ʱ䣬һЩȻ
أôˣﱻԼֵٶŪһͷˮüͷ΢΢һأпڣ
侲ˣǳȣôͻȻʧ
쿴氡һ˫۾ɴ󣬾Ƿϲɫȫ
ʲô棿ﻹǲ
Ӷ˵Ĺ棡
Ӷˣ
һ֣ؿеһ֮һǿǾްԵĴڣзǽĳȻͷһ̮
ৣ
ʱ
˲䣬иȫֹͣөĻϵĻ涸Ȼޱ䣬һֱӣȴĵĵӶ˹桪
ؼַ壬Ӷˡ
̶ʮŸ֣ÿһֶǽҫۣ۾Ĳѡ
˲֪Ӷʲôȫ᲻֪µģǺȻģǼӶˣǡ
ؼţ
ʲôؼţ
ͷвŻֵĳƺţζŵõͷ϶ĳˣÿһֻҪ䣬һΪߣ
ңеٮٮߡ
Ϊһɵˣѹʶַ˭֪Լʲôʱһţȫ
ƺҪ
ϲ
̫ˣһӣȻԵģţ
ؼŰԺգǧҪǵԼ໥֣Ǻǣ໥֡
̫ˣͷؼŰЩҲûмܱգ඼һˣ治ѣһ˰
ޱȣ̬ȱ仯졣
ַˣպΪߣǵùĺô˵һ˵õȮ죬պضǰ;
֮ǰǹµʱԵЩΡ
ҲǣҲǡ
ʮ߻Ӽ䱦һϲ£ǿһͷȣȴ֮ֻţŻᱻա
µǣַ壬ߵؼšյģ
ͨ˵ֱ漣
Ǻ~~ǿջЦƱŲźʵ׳СȣΧŵ￿ȥϲϲ
̫ˣͶء



2365 δĴ
ʥ
ʥ֮һʵǰĳǿߣڿ˼ͽ
ʥ⣬һƬͽ
ʥڣͽհ񣬱ϹϾ
졣
ȻҲȷʵӵִǬʵ֮ǿﶼҪɵ֡
ʦ⣬һ΢΢
еüͷһšԵЩãȵΪʦ˵۵ʱôôһµ˵
ʦҪӹ
һ˵
ʦӵʥ֮Ѿǰ
ޣ΢΢ͻɫʲô£ôżӡУﺱټʥȻҪ¡
ӵһ˲ţӶˡ
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ҲΪȣ棿ѹֹ˿ģã벻Ҳţ֪˭ˣǺεյģ
ؼţʦӵУҲЩ

ƽһףֱ˵Ŀࡣ
ร𾪺󣬴ϲǵͷããߣȥһοü
ǰʦҲЦַ壬ǲĳš
ţȷǳšЦúϲ£죬ٿһŲ΢΢סɻӣղ˵ʲôʲô
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ܡ
ôɵġ
һͬͬգû
˫ȭɫЩҰѿ
¿ˮһҲûУոյϲѱ嵭ʣ޾־塣λӶ˵ؼʲô
˼ҸҪ֣һ£ܰʥΪƽأ
ಣٶȷɳ۶Ѱ׼ȷϣǵǸûɱַ塭жԶܶԶ﴿ǵ
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Ҳģ
ҧгݣ߿ѡ
ľӪĻҵò

ٹ죡
зǽҲǲרʹǰֱЦϲ£죬ʥ֮ϲЦտѲӰ
ΪؼżӶˣϵ٣һ
зǽ綼Ϊ֮棬Ժѡ
ϾؼžδߣһͷߣзǽǶһžܵĴ
ʱŸո̤ռ䡣
มַ廷ܣЩ棬ִеŽĿƼأʱתһƬƬдɵάռ䡣
ַ壡ַˣ
ͨԵĹԱ۾һ׷׺ĿǴ֮ɫ
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ãַˡ
롣
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ַţͨȥһԲεԲռ䣬ܴݣܿ㳡⣬Ŀһ£ؼա
һƬ޴㳡
֮ǰʱ˼˵Ĵ㳡ͬ㳡Ҫտ࣬࣬ÿһƺͨɢǿϢ
ǿߣλλλ
Ȼͨĸǿߡ
ʱ龳ֹһԼΪǡλսʶǵʱ龳֮ϣеʱ龳͵ʱ龳
ǿַԶһɫƤˣɢһɿֲϢһ˫ײޱȣϢֱ۷塣
µԼսӽ۷壬ɫƤȣȻвٲࡣ
ǸҲǿַָܿӦһһħŮӣĲߴ󣬵͹磬ڵƤӳħӽͫһ˿ɱ⡣
Ǹ

ַһ·겻ѡ
һɽһɽߡ
Լǵ龳ĸ߼׼ƺţڵ龳бԼʵǿĶȱȽǣ˵龳龳ˡ
Щ龳ĳ׼ƺǿߣܿսԼ֮ϡ
ԼԡؼšݼӶˣеĲսǱ
ǺǺǺ~~~ƵЦʱ㳡Ŀۡ



2366 ʽ
˰ޱȻȴ˲ͳǰִɫ۾˸еޱС
ƿѹȸУ㳡ǿ޲ɫ䡣
ߣ
ߴˣ
Ӷ˵ߴˣ
һ
һѾܾˣͷߣľзǽ磬˭˲֪ͷһȡ
䲻һͷ֮һһָͷ
׷ߡַ
ǺǺǺ~~׷߷һӣΧʱʱã߰ɡ
ûжĻʱɫâסַ壬˾ƤٿʧӰΧһƬ֮̾Ϊֹ
ʱƿء
ǻ˵ǵӶ˶ʱߡ׷ߡ
磬ߴԽߣղǸʲô·
ûô϶ǵӶ˸յؼַ壡
ַ尡ᣡ
ʲôӶյؼţĻأ

ԲŹ㳡Χ˲ٱ䡣
ַ̤棬ĿɨܣȴԼͰ׷һׯϵĴ֮ϣټһӡһͷͷ޺ޡ
Ǹι״ģͷ֮࣬
мһݣݶһӵ񣬺ţִһͿֲɱ¾ϢĴ󵶣¾Ⱥ
ַ壬ݹ棬ԺԼˡ׷ߺǺЦ
棿ַ΢΢һ
׷߷һӣǺЦǵӶ˵Ĵʼˡ̫棬ѣһ񣬿ޣΪߺ󣬱ԷΪ̫档
ַҲһЦ
ȷʵһ˷ֵģԴ˵ʵʲô𶼲ֻǸֶѣΪ̫
ǿǴߣ
Ǭⰵ쵽£Ҳʼ޷һ֪жѡԼѪﵽⰵ켫£ͬ⡣
ÿһߣѾ֮⣬ǿޱȡ
ַ壬ݼ档ַǰϣͷɵӶ˼ªļʽ
һߣһ
ǺǣԺҾԼˡ׷΢ЦҵӶڵպգ29999ǽнзֲҳзǽ磬зֲһӡ
ӶƽĹרĹԱҵ˷ʱ֮ϡ
ͷҵӶڵģԱڵһʶҵӶ㼣鲼磬ӵĺؾ
Ӷ˺ĺôûκȥȥģû˻жֻҪ̫ˡ
չؼŵӶ˸ѡһǽ磬ؾǱֱӽ磬μǱѵӪ
Ѿѡˡ
׷ߺǺЦַ֪Ҫʲô
ַҲһЦ
Ӷƶɢȷʱ⹫˾ʺԼϾԼҰ·ӣһ·ʵôϰϵͳ
ĴȥսԼϲġ
׷ˣʲôʱܽȪؾַ֪ģԼ֮ԼӶˣԭǵӶƿػȪؾ
׷ߵͷǺЦַؾ˽٣
ַ漯컯֮ء
׷Цؾ棬ֶ֮⣬ͺƷһԵɺµؾֺܶ汾񲻵ء
أֻΣգһЩؾڴо޴ͣһЩؾڲдֲ̽ؾʱˣ䡣
ҵӶƿصؾһ̽ȫģҲһδ̽ȫģЩδ̽ȫģΪ̫Σգʶнơ
ַüͷ΢΢һء
׷ô˵ҲǻȪؾнƵġ
Ǻ~~׷ЦʱӦй㣬ԵȪؾ߼ɽ룬ֻҪսﵽ߲Σ롣
ߣ
ַ׷ߡ
׷ߺǺЦ֮ǰװߣǳߡ
ַЦá
࣬ƺЩ󰡡
װߵʵԶڵԼҪǿö࣬ҪﵽĲΣܳһ·Ҫߡ׷߼Ȼô˵⡣
ʵδȪؾԿֻԼ



2367 зֲ
ַ΢΢
ԼҪڶʱڳΪߣϣΪѪǿսͬʱҲԼķչٺõѪ౦ҲҪʱ
սﵽߣһ¡
Լװսȷ࣬ϾԼ۷ı׼սδ۷ȳߣսһ蹵
ԼڵΣ۷塣
ؼݼӶˣѵƽ̨ʵһ޴ȣԼνһԽսﵽߣʵȫڵġ
Լţ龳Щλսߡ
ҪսҲҪз
õķ°빦
ķѺܶ
ԼӶͷ֮һúãǱȻԼոռ룬˽Ӷˣǰһ˽ϸġ
׷ˣڸôЧսַ̡
ǺǺǺ~~׷۾ƺַ֪дһʣʵÿһ߸ռ룬˸Դһڡ
ʱ⹫˾ǵӶˣÿ˽ؾΪˡ
ַͷ
£ͷԾڣǻķѴԴ;ߣؾеıԴʹõġ
ǣȥףе鷳ˡ
׷ṩԼѡ֮һǽؾǱиרָ㣬ſγ̣Ͱ
ؼţҲس룬϶С
ϾÿһؼŶɺͳ
Ҫɣֻѡһɡ
׷ˣֱӽ磬μǱѵӪΣַ
׷ߺǺЦǱѵӪؾЩƵģսԸһЩ˵ؾѧϰо̣ɳģ⣻ǱѵӪɽ죬ֱӽսɱ
ȻǶһЩͨˣӶ˶ؼŻ൱ģμǱѵӪʴԼĳҡ
ַЦЦ
ĳɵĴʣ൱
˴ʸж٣
ӶֻǸһѡ񣬲ǿԡ
ĸ˽顭׷ַ壺ַսھӦòİؼݣѵӪȫб֤ĳɶ˵ʵ൱߳ϡ
Ҫ̵ʱ佫ս߼ǱѵӪʵġ
ǱѵӪؾÿһ˶ֻѡһΣֻܹѡ񡣡
Ȼֻһ֮ԣξҪַԼ
׷ЦǣȻȥߺͿҲΪٰ˻ӭᣬʶһзֲĸߡ
áַͷ
ԼҲҪʱϸĥһ¡
⣬轫Ӷϸϸ˽һϾ»ҪԼֱ֣϶ģס

Ӷˣзֲ
¥ʤյĹУĴ͸ŻЦϲ죬зֲһڸ߲Ա룬Ҳһ֣չһʢᣬӭؼšַļ롣
зֲһͳʢ¡
ÿһؼż룬һʢᣬϾؼ̫ˣһҪʱ⹫˾ôס
ؼţδߣǵӶ˵ıƸ
ǻӭһ½ǣַ壡ˬʴЦܵΪзֲܸˣͿҲһһ䣬зֲĶ
һԣ׷ߣߣߵȽ΢Цƻӭ
ַЩ˼ȷʵ۽£ÿһǵӶзֲĸ߲㣬аһЩһˣԱ
еľ۷壬Ҳλλ߾7ֱ֮࣬
ҲֻеӶȾͷӵ˶ߡ
Һãַ壬ǳҼӶˣԺҶաַҲ֪ʲôΨ˵һ̨ʡ
ˣ
׷յва
ǫһȽϺãҸһӭַʽзֲͥ
ߴͷ
ϣҲֻ߲Ÿ޼ɵ˵˴ЦѣڣַԼҲ¶Цݣеܰ
зֲͺһͥƵġ
ָо
ַ壬Ҵʶһλߴˡ׷ߴַ壬΢Цзֲһߡ



2368 ʢ
зֲܸˡ
ߣҲ𡣡
׷΢ЦܵǸзֲҵģҲǸгԱ߷ġ
ַ壬λߡַ幧
ԺҾһˡЦַ壬ԲԴ֧ǣЦ䣬ر׺
ŬУ𹼸츳Ҳ𱳸˫֣
ǣҲˡַͷ
ߚGһõƳ˿Ҳһַۣ˵⣬ҲƢԣʵ˲ģܶŶָܹ
ַš
ҲϿӿݣЩªħ࣬ޱ鿴ЩɷȻ˵档
ֻҪѧģԻ̡Ҳ
һŬģҲˡַĵ
׷ߺǺЦԲˣַ壬ҴȥߣΪЩؾЩڵ磬Щڱչأֻһߡ
ַŶһ
ߺͿҲѾ7ߣ⻹ֻһ֣
׷ˣзֲжߣַ
׷ߺǺЦǼǵľˣ³зǽĽ20ɡ
20ַʵһ¡
׷ߵȻн20ߣзֲʵʵǿֻпҲΨһһ𡣡

߷Ϊȡеȡߵȼ۷塣
֮ϣǻ
磬29999ǽ磬ÿǽ20ж٣ַʵ𾪣⻹ֻǵӶ˵Ĵͷأ
Ҫ֪Ӷ˵ڵλ
ʵҲַϸһ룬ҲȻ
ϵָϺʵؾֻҪѪ㹻ʵΪ߲һѵ¡
ΪֻҪһɡ
ʱ䡢ռ䣬ںϷóĿͨó壬ԳΪߣÿһгΪߵĻᡣ
Ϊκһضصͳ
䲻ǿǿۻ㹻ǿʱȻȻܽһ硣
ǲĨɱκһĽ׿ܡ
ߣߣƺߣַһʶύϵ߶൱ûʲôӣЦӯӯϾҲ֪һؼζʲô
Ϊߣֻʱ⡣
кܴܳΪ𼶵ǿڡ
һɱʮͨߣʵѹҲڳҲĶ֡
һ£ַ塣
⼸δؾһˣλظλŷá
Ƿֱǵ龳͵龳ѡġ
ַţ΢Ц
Ǻáãַ塣~˴ͬദȻǢһЩظһкǿߣŷһ
Ȼظŷʵַ֮ϣ۵λȴҪַһ
ǼʱҲûʢᡣ
ҲûʲôΪʵûʲôͬ²ԱַǿôһѣַؾܿὫ֮⡣
ظʼңзǽλȻô
磬Щġ
ʵӲ
ᣬֿһҪȥͣҸ㰲˽Ŀظüַ˵ŷһͨ죺
ַȻʧЦÿˣظ֡
ҪҪģǧҿȻǲظˡظޱȣץַһٺѡ
ǺǣôᡣַҲظû취ΨЦЦظ֣Ի壿
ԡظһʲôҪֵܰæģ岻ݴǣ
ַţм£ܻҪظְһæ
˵ظɫȻһ
ﲻ㣬ʱҶԵŰݷظַ֡
áظһؿڣƱȾƺȾơ
ַݸһЦ
ȷʵǻҳˣ涼͸ˮ©һѣԼзǽ˵ʵҲ
һʢ磬ַʶ˲ѣʶӶзֲĸ߲㡣
ȴҲƣ۵úܡ
ҹȻǲʺĳϰַصԼסЦѣӶӵжһƬ޴أַΪؼţ簲źˡ
һľ޴ϵǾס൱
ʲôݣʲôĴ
ǱѵӪ
ҿһ£ʲô
ַ忪ܣܿ췭



2369 ʱ򣬰ʦ
ǱѵӪ29999ǽ磬˽Կɲμӡ
ÿһԪΪһ̭ڣﲻɸĿ̭ɵ£ɵģѵӪͻƳΪߺ뿪
Ҫ¡

ַϸϸ
ܿ㿴һ飬ǱѵӪһ˽⡣
ѵӪһܲпĵطʤ̭棬ܻȥȻܽԼʵЩͨ˶ԣǱѵӪǸԾŵĵط
ǻ츳ˣѣʲ
ǱѵӪһᡣ
ֻҪȥϵѵһͻƵǰޣΪߡھı£߶ᱬ־ǱܣǱѵӪˡ
ʶľǳ
ҲӸ߲¡
ӶһֱάǱѵӪΪʲô
ΪߣĴڣһǿߣҲȲһߡǵӶ˵λͷλҪƫ
ѹؼŵʶĳɡַס
ؼţͱһţ֮ǰϵظʵַǲظģؼֻζǱѡ
ǱѵӪǱⶫܻ
Ҷƾʵ˵ûʲôһţ֣֮ͨɱؼŵģȱȽǡϾܼӶ˵ģͨˣҲ
ǣͬǿ
ңǿܱЩһţؼŵĽĸǿ־
29999ǽ磬ˣȤַ忴Ѫڣ˵ʵʱ龳սԼû湻ֻټȥǲ󣬹ʶ뿪
ǱѵӪһµĻᡣ
սǳѸͣĶ֣ɱսǿˣϾǸǽ羫ϸѡǿߡ
һԪһ㣬ʱߡ
ؾõöˡ
ַ⡣
ؾԼֱӽ룬ʲôʱ̵ְֽ֪Լ޹ⰵ죬˭Լ
ңȾޣԼϲսеĽ
ǱѵӪʺԼ
ԼԽս߲ΣȪؾ
ȣзǽ˽һ¡ַԲ̫δ֮½ǱѵӪԼģԼʵȻڵӶкۣзǽ磬ʵѾһһˡ
ӽ۷ս
εǿ
ʱ򣬰ʦˡַ㡣
Щ£νϡ
ʱԼһԸһԸгˣʦ֮顣

ӳڶ⡣
ħźɫսףͷǣۣ֮粻ħ񣬰ɣм䣬һɫ΢΢͹̲ǿ˫ֻأŭ
ڵȴ
ȴӳڶ𣬵ȴڶԴĳ֡
ߣնڤ粻顣ħûȤȥԸն壬統ûȤԸӶһɱֻϢȥ
νҹƽ˭ڶԴľ͹˭
ħȣо԰ա
۷ǿߣǿ֮һԸһն壬׾٣

ħȲԶͣʮɴĴ塪ն壬峤Ȩʵӽ۷塣
һεʧûȨʧȥġ
Ϊ峤ʲôûϴκַ˲С˼Ҫһ紵ݶŵðôȥ
գϵġ
ħȿ϶벻δ˸߿Ƽѹڹڡ۷ǿߵһαоɱҲش
Ķ֣
Ȩüͷš
ĿһƬ֮аɵ
ܿһֹɴ˾ĳǿߴڡԱǿʥ֮һҲ־ġ
һĻ¡
һڡ
ڣսҲһᣬҷɴֻ࣬ҪõڶԴģʮɴɳۣԷĿꡣ
Ȩ촽
ļɵûеġ
ΪԶĺڰȷʵһ黯ںڰӰݣһ˫ӥ۳͸ź䣬һѳʵı
棬ǰַ壬άֹɴ˾
ѵȻȴ
ϾǺڶԴģֵķѴʱ䣬ǰһϣں׾ٱܽԷȫɱ
ûֻ֣ݾ߶ѡ
ٿء
ռ䲨˫ͫһ⣺ռĶռŲƣ˭ˣ
ৣ
ӰһʧںڰС



2370 òǰ
ĽǣռŲơ
һȴʵԼߵһЩ޷͵ĵ򣬳涴뼫ΪңԶƫ֮أ¶ռ꣬ԶŲơ
ռŲҲƣҪͬһƽ棬ͺ֮޷ŲƵġ
ΣռŲƱоơ
Ȼˣռ䱦ȻӸ߲£ޣͨռ䴫򣬶ռŲƱҪĿص㣬ƫΪ֪ĵ
ҲҪģǶռŲһΣԡ
͸ռŲƵḶ́ԺСһ˵һ˿ռȴһؾвʹ˲һΪ˲Ƶһ˲䣬һǿ߹㹻ϼٴΡ
ռŲ˲ƣʱΣԸ
ৣʣĿ¶⡣
䲻֪˭ʩչռŲƣԷбĿȻǺڶԴģʩչռŲƵǿߣǼвľ֡ץס˺õĻᣬԲ˷ѡ
ΣΪǿ
߳
½ݺᴩ̲ذ֮Ϳռ䷨򣬹˲䰵֮󣬺ƶħݺץռ䶨ꡣ
޷ɱ֣ҲˣٲҲҪƻռ䶨ꡣ
ֹɴ˾ĳԱλսλһȥض֮ء
۷塣ѾԼӦԷϢзĲ٣ɵǿߣǿߣ۷壬ǿҲޡ
һԻԷ
ٿȻ䡪
أ
һͻأسڿռ괦ռã˲תȦȦ㽫Ľ飬˲Ťת޴ǡ
ռĲ˷㼯һ˲֮ѷΪȫ
ʲôסˡ
û뵽Լ˳ĽУ赭дȥֹ˲ֿ֮Уռǽռصȥ·ȫ
ȿ£
ôôг𺧣ţǿߣҲûʵֻ۷壬ôӵǿߵʵ
ֹɴ˾ΪλΪ۷塣
δ֣ѽס
εʵ
ˡɫҰס
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죬ˡ
ն
ҧأȻδѪ˲ǿкȻʩչǲǿռ䡣
һƻһƣڿռѱϳֱߣγɾ޴󱦽
߳
˫ͨ죬ޱǿң˲ǰһս֮ĿƳǿԵӲ¡

սѹסһｵһ
б֣ɫҰѿ
֣̫ǿ
~~ˬЦٿߣЩϤǰòôӭҵô
ĿУǰ޴ǽСռȥ¶һſ꣬һͨһ㣬սûС
ģȴޱϤ
ַ壡ͫ׶Ŵ󣬴쳣
þòǰַһ̧ս뿪ıػУ΢Ц
þáſڣЩ¡

ַԲվô޿ɺǡ
ߣԼǷǰܴһ飬ǰ֣ԼҲΪˣԼԸֹɴ˾˺ӡڼӶǰһֱ־ֹɴ˾
ԣַ塭ѾӶˣҡؼţڶַ˵еѹ
ôҲ벻̶̲ǧأС꣬ѳɳһ˿µĴڡ
ս۷壡
Ǹֹɴ˾ĳԱҲˣ
ǰ㲦ַ֮мַȡ澧˫ֵϣǷǰ1000澧յʮ
ַ壬ֵ˵ЦˣĸհЩţȴǽҲǣҲǡ
Цַ10000澧
1000澧ҲǿЦҪַ屨
°ǰһСС⡣ַ岻˵ֱУ漴ȡеһ˹ȥ
еһռϵϵʺǰǰҪƴǡ
ַĸм
ûǰյıףڵԼԼ֪ǰ˵1000澧ǼԼԼһܶĿꡣ
ΪˣԼŶǸм



2371 ħȶ԰ɣ
⡭ű˫Ŀ⣬ȻļƷ֮ãÿһܴʵ
ԥãַ£չ黹Ǻ£ǣҾȴ֮
Щַݺ͵λ漴Ҳͻ˼ҿǵӶ˵ؼţЩַ˵ֵһᣬ±ˡ
ǰ꣬ǿδ߰
Լ֮ʧؾַһֿ˻һߵ飬ɱʲôﶼҪöࡣ
ǰַ廹и֮롣ַ
ֵܲÿƽƱɡɲַ庰ǰʵЩܲ˴˵ݵλ̫ࡣ
ַһЦҲδ̫⣺ģǰĳڶҵļ硭
ҶҶʶ㣬Ǵˣַ˵ʵַѾ״š
һӶؼŵļ磡
ЦʮҲȥȾָⲻûȤô
лǰȫַ΢Ц
Ҳ¶ЦݣƽһЩ񣻡ֵ֪ͯƽƣʵͻͽο
ַһЦ
գͯǰԼһֱġ
ǰ֪ͯǰڣַʵ
һӦķֲϢ
ַͷͷǰԵƬ̣ҴһЩ飬ܿһ
áĿǰַ֪ҪʲôʲôҪҰæģҲһʣΪַĻشʲô
ˣǰַЦ

ӳڶ⡣
ħȰɣͷϵܽǶһ󶴣˲ﵽ۷Ѿ޾Ԫ츳ޣѪʼ޷Ϊǿߡ
һΣǾѻᣡ
һ𵽴۷壬λзǽλȨأҡȻֻ۷壬кӳƴ
ħҧгݣķҡ
𲽵ͬƫƫȴжΣôҲ޷۷ֻҪͻһ㣬ΪǿߣҲܱúͿһ
վøߣ
ħǰĳڶ츳ߣãǺǣиƨã硣
ǿ߲ǿ˭ʵǿǿ˭Ц󣡡
ϧǼһ١
ҲǣҪǼҲߣħצɹһ
õǼһǿˡ
ΪҲпܣ
۷ǿߣħٿһӦһϢĵʱԶѸٶһ˲ǰ
ࣿ
ħǰ꣬üͷ΢΢һء
һɵɫ̷ϵıˮžΨ˫͸ŵ㾫⣬ǳܿ͸һС

ն壬ɴ
峤峤˻Ŵ󺰵
ɴڣһ޲ǶԱƽļžÿһ춯ζд̳֣ʲô𺧵Ϣ
ʲôˣȨллüͷ΢ء
峤һ۷ǿˣ
ʲô
Ȩɫһ䣬ʱ̨ǰ
ħѾˣһܴڵĸֹɴ˾Ա¯һߣһ۷壬ƶʱһҡ
ŴҿȨ
ǣ峤
ɴϵөĻʱŴ
ԶĿ׼ħһΪǸص۷ǿߣոͣħ֮ǰ
ޣȨϸϸȥ
ֻһӰϡɱһǿߡ
ңƺħȵġ
ѵħȵİ֣Ȩаݣ鷳ʹˣһħȾͷ۲ѣټһħʵ۷ǿߣǵĻ͸ãˡ
ֻħȵĳң
ٿðһ뷨ȨȻĶ
Ļ֮һˣʱͿԼһֳɵıˣ˵ܴա
ıӰôе죿Ȩüͷ΢أһʱȴ벻Ŀ

ʱַ壬ħǶŶ
ͬΪ۷壬ħҲֻ֣ޱȾַ壬ȴַ忴ЩëȻз
ħȶ԰ɣַٿؿڡ



2372 
ȻƺҪһ𰸡
ħȽšüͷǰİ꣬ͷЩԷȻû¶κεֹɢǿϢȴЩľܸоЩʲôõҪ
˭ħɫצһš͸ɭȻ
ңַƽɫȻ
ͽܡ
է䣬һǬ֮ƵĽȦӳڿռ伲תŤתռ䣬γһɱ֮ſռҲǷ
ħȺȻ˫ͫԲ𺧵Ļ
һ˲䡪
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еӣַ忰۷ʵһ۷ǿֵܵʵһס
սУʵɱħȵǿߣַǬȦ£һһ׼ֱӱ
ֻҪץסħȣȻ׾١
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һںնȫˣʵӽ۷峤ȨʱҲǴ۵СۣĪ
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ħǿĶָ£޸֮ƵģôûУ
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ըڶɴֱӱըֻʣȨڵһҲ֧顣ַĹ顣
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νϲŭ֣Լԣֻһ΢£˽һЩԹѡ
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ǰͬܡ
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ǰԵƬ̣ȥһЩ飬һǰҹһַЦ
áЦĿбһ߷ӰħȣҲ֪š
ַЦЦ漴
ץħȣֱӱǽӳڶ֮С



2373 ˸˲ĵӰ
ϵʥﳤǡ
ǻַ̾ѣÿһμﳤǣȻͬĸоʵﳤ֮ĹԽԽ󣬶иҲԽ
ԽԽ𺧣ԽС
߲ƿصıҿܻͨߡַ֪
ʦΪѣʵҲġôԩϾʲƸֲ̫˵ƿߣǿ߶Ϊ߶пᡣ
иСַһЦ
ΪԼŻѪɡ
εħȣ־座Ȼȴ𾪵飬ַĻﳤǡ
ͿıΪıɡ
~~
ɫȦ΢΢⿪ħ¶СӣԿ˵ңɱģ
ʱĻаħļӣвûаиǴſ־塣
Ѿȫˣǰһʵ۷ˡ
޼սȴ֮
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żܿ㡣ַ
ħ۾һɣܣзǽλȨأλĶ֣
ַŶһ
ħ죬Ŀ¶⣺ֵܣɱңһΪұģ
ַȻʧЦô
ħһڷңҾ͵û·һԺˮˮµʹģʵ޹أҪҲȥ
ŶַӦ
ַ岻ΪħȵֻҰһԸңǿıһ£ʱ䲻ȡ
ַЦЦˡ
ˣħȻЩȻȴʱһƬУƣɽ͵֣ǴԶ޵Ŀؾ
ʶ
ħȵͫһ˿ã
ȣմŭ޴ȻѳϿգ׹ɻϵô˵أ
ħ»ˣüͷЩӡȴ벻
ǵ͵ϮӺ֮ÿռ𵴣дһ˿з·Ѫꡣ
¶ַҲǸͬܡ
Լȫ⌴kֹĹһֱĸ顣
֮ǰһֱѹڌĵף޴й
Ϊ̫ǿ˳
գkڿԸԳ
ߡħȲмһ̧ͷŌб·ſңҺﱨʲôñÿ춼һǿֻԼˡ
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ңħȫû
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ʥУѾ񻰵ʮʦ֡
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ʮĵȴεȵ
ӦġַԌЦʦܵ˵ͷ̫ˣӣҳűһ롣
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зǽ磬Ҫħץһ㡣ַ
зǽ硣ЩͳٲȻҲ֪аôַ壿
ȻַЦŵٷְٰա
ҺϢ
԰գַת뿪
ν˵ҲҪʱԼһ
ټĿռУַ뿪֮̾ղŶڵӣ޲Ǽͨ졣
Ǵ˵еʮʦô˧
̫ˣǿղһôʲôħͷʮʦǰ˲һ
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ͫУ
һֱϰˣû뵽ϰ궼£ַȴڶ̶ʱˡַ壬ʵ֮ǿѾȫ͸
ˣ֮ӣһ˸˲ĵӰ



2374 ף㵽׵˭
ն塣
ô
׿ǽӽ۷ǿߣôྫӢһͬʮ׿Խɴûȫû
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ھӢҲ˲ء
Ϊļ̳ˣϵѹʱóľ൱ң̲ʳɱֶβÿһƴ
ȰѸ׵ѶסȻ鷳ˡٿߴһԭͷ겻ŭӿüͷš
ʲô³ͣŭȡ
ɲȻ䣬һͳһʽս׵ʿӿ룬ϵĽײ̶ڹһʿ룬ޱ顣
Ϊ׵ͳŽɫףͬʮмл롣
̣ʹԭء
ʲôˣ
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ʱ䣬ʮֱӽץɵһЦľӣô
ʲôˣͳ죿ɴ۾
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䣡
׺䶥ȫˡ
֪ô£ײŸһجģƽպѾԻͳ죬¶İ·˰㣬ޡ
Ҫ֣͹ȥĸסͳ˿˿С
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ҪǺն塣ͳųء

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۷ףҡ
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һãŹŶĵȴţ·ӭʲô󳼲ŶͷˮڶǴҴ
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ֵַܣɰˣ~ޱڣǳֵܣݵλʵǲַġ
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ҪѾ֪ˣоѰŰǨʮڱܽؽ㡣
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Լˣ˵ôĻʲôЦĺϲ£죺߳ȥģѵûǹһҿĻ
ַһЦ漴ȡ1000澧ݸҲֵ֪٣Щô
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°ɣֱַӽ澧飬ĿĿǷһȽϺá
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ûʲô£ˣַ

ַʱһû뵽չʲôͷʱҾֹκ߽롣
ŶáӦҪô
ַҡҡͷ
ԼûǸ׳־鹦ȥһʱȷͲٴӳڶˡ
֮£֮˵
֮飬ַˣҪæģַԵΪַõñЩССʧĹ۾ʱǵͷããá
ʱַѻһĨӰʧ١
Բ⣬Ц۾ַؼǹ⣬ĳŵܿɹ

ַѲࡣ
ͯ϶һ
޷ֹͯҲַĳ޷˵ذַ壬ףѩ̿ѣݶַμС
ˣǰͯһѡ
⣬⣬ֵܣ̫ˡͯǰı۾ֱˡ
°ɣ磬ⲻһֱԸôַЦͯԼܸĲ࣬ҲһЩ澧ı䲻츳ʡ
һЩܰʵֹɴ˾ı
Ͼڲô̡
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˰ɣ롣һЦЩֵ˵ʲô
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ȾưɣʲôŮһƺԼǳ
ѾŮأͯɴ۾һץһƺࡣ
ַȻʧЦգٱ



2375 Ȫ֮£Ŀ
зǽ磬ʼ԰
ݻ԰ֽŸϵϡݣ󲻷ǻӡظסظݿɲһ㣬Ӷһգǰ;޿
ҵˡ̽ѰŶϣظܿҵڿϣޱϸг
ַһ
ΪλĿзǽλȨأλȻԪĴƴƾŹʵ׺ֶΣзǽ˸
ظǻӣûȨ޲鿴ϡ
һܽƻظ̾һһӡߵҲס
ַܴСʵɳλȷһۡǿƭˣʵĿֻǸһּڲ񡣡
Ҫҵˣظʵ
ַͷظܷȷλã
ظѣСĽǿߣ¶ضǽߣֵóóȻжܴݾߡ
ַظֿкý飿
ظɣҺϾҲزʶҳ뷴Եͻ죬ʹӺʶְɡ
ַͷ߼䣬ƺеСܡ
ظЦݻĶһֻ۱һֻۣ꣬ϵӦñȽ
½ҰɣֵܣҺϢ
áַҲƴǡ

̰ؾɳĮĵش
ջӳһΰĿӰֱϵĺڰѪޱȣſѪڣҪﶼɡ

磬ʲôüͷһ壬Щԡĺڵ£ʵЩ졣
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ǣϼһʲôƣ
Щԥ
ϾǾʶҺôãЩϵǱߣ˴ű˴˵ʹźϡ
ҪңԼҪܲϼһӦûô
Ƿһ֣÷ȥɡ
ߣбС
ķͱ𣬼һģһʵֻбĲɣȻˣҲʤͨλӦһûʲô⡣
Ǻ硣

ȵǾ޴ͱ򱶣ǿ߱λλȱȽǣλкö
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һ磬ĶǴҲ׷ǰأޱȡ
þòĳ֣Χǿ۷׷ףȴЩǿϢŨλƼѹΧǿߡ
˰ǺЦţӭȥЦȴЩӲ
ৣ
ɫٱ䡣
ദ꣬˽⣬Ӹһ飬ѾһС
ʱӦ
~~
Ѫɫ죬һӡ
ѪħӵʩչַȻѳǰΧռȫ£û͸ռѡ
˭ַ塣
µǳ磬ֻŪԭί
ͽܡַҲѪħ£Լκܡ
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̫ˡַõѾˣģ˻ȪȻһС
ȣȻ¸Цҵ˭ԭͽܡ㲻Ϊ۷ʵסҰɣ
ٺõıôҺʵ֮𣡡
ɱ´࣡
ޱȣУֱϵһ˫ʱɢ壬ҵ嶸Ȼþ޴ǿ׳Ϣ
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ַȻ֪ʲôֻķԲԡ
Цôô
ַȷʵҪҲãҲգ㶼ܲ
ЦѣҵıԶؾҵҪôɱ
ַ嵭ȻһЦ
ʱ䣬һ˫ͫޱȣǿȻͷŶ
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
ļֱʩչַǿƻɱǿ֮ĩȷɱɱ𣬵۱Ƿ궼ͨġ
ʦѩޡ
Ȫ֮£Ŀˡ
ַڵϣս𣬻ҷ



2376 úõȥǣ
Ӷˣзֲ
ˣ׷ַ壬ǺЦ
ǵģ׷ˡַͷˣʱǣңɰĽǱѵӪʵ
ʵֻڲ
ӵ㹻ʵʱҪȥӭκˣλĹзǽĴУӭ㡣
ʵҪԡ
ӵʵλȨһһȻ
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˵ѡһǼзǽɰݣٶΪȻеӶ˵Դõѡ
ҪҪôؾ̵߽ҪôǱѵӪʽѵ
ûӳڶʱǱߣԼԣǱѵӪȻǵһѡ
ΪԼϲս
׷Цеַ壺ʵܶؼţҵ߶δһֱȥգ֮ǰʱ⹫˾յ˾˫
Ψ⡣
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ַҡҡͷ
׷ߺǺЦ࿴еģⲻӣһ·նηǿеսֽܶȱġ
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ԭԼԼʲô֮
׷ߺǺЦԷƱЩ޵ĶʵԶ츳ҪպվλϣȻ֪
ߣСʱƴԴɳʱ츳ǿʱǱԡ
㣬ӵмǿıԡ
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һ㣬ԼѾкܶд
ǰ㹻ԴѹЩ츳˵ߣֻԴвͨˣǴͬһͷУʱ츳Żޡ
ڣԼδӴ׷߻ô˵ĵ
ּʣֱģսȥɡ׷ߺǺЦǱѵӪ֪зǽһΣһ˲ؼš
úõȥǣ
ַ帩ףǣ׷ˡ

зֲ⡣
жܣ޴⣬ÿһȺǴСһɢŸǲͬϢĿϾӡ
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⣬ͷ֮һӶ˵ļҵף
۷ˡߺЦһС罭黭еŮӣһԼĸо
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ΪؼţַӵмȨѡһ۷һ۷սףڶѡ
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䱾ȻУ֮жУȻΪƶɣϸףҲ㣬ܷӼ£ͨ

ͨ
ַҲȻĶǵӶô
ȻСЦҲԶһһļֵǿ൱ĸߡ
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ߺЦԣַǱѵӪܴﵽѵӪҪ޿ĵһɼҵô




2377 ս
ǱѵӪ
üĿܣ
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ߣͻֲһ
׶ξƿʩչıȴӵͨԼĻᣬܴ
ѡǱѵӪǸȷľַЦ
绨ַһֻۣǸһСĿѣ̫ˣǱѵӪǼ29999ǽǿߣؼŲؾǱѵӪΪıǼ
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29999ǽ磬ǿߣ
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ⰵ졷ֱָޣѼѡҡͷˣҲҵʱ
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۹Իǰԣʵѷȫʵ
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Լһ£ҪʦȥһѹⰵڵЦôըŹ֣ƳɣʵҲֻͨͨ
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ʱĸ䲻ռǽѾ
ףü΢һսʺ㡣
ʱģַ档
ҡͷͶַ壺ռʱࡣ

~
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ǰһƬգ͸޾ռŻ磬һͨɫսˮ󣬰Ȼ֮У粻
޳ս͸һױȵħ
õַĵһۣ㱻סˡ
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2378 ֮
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2379 
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2380 Ǹô
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2381 
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2382 ǱѵӪ
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2383 
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ظԼ͸ģˡ
ԼĿռ衢ʱ趼ͻƳΪߣ߾͸˵Լԭ壬ͻƼֱ׾١
⣬Լ㹻ǿҪȥΪһҲֿɵá
ǹⰵ죬ǳȥߡ
ԼԿǰ
֣ظͦصȥҾ͸ȥʱܻǱѵӪһҲи顣
áַظͷ
Ϊӣظ൱ߡ
ԼڵʵﲻʲôظսзǽٸУǰʮλħأǶǿ
Լǰһ㲻¶һ
̫
ˣദʵǺġ
Ǿȥɣ࣬һ㡣ַظԣʱԻżһʱ
ľ緽ߣǿߣһǿ߾Ӷ࣬ǿҲ١
ҲôġظЦ
Ǿڷֱɡַ壬ظŷø𣬡ԼһСģӦѵӪ˵Ҫȥɱ򡣡
ִ֪磬ظ磡ҲǡŷҡβͣЦظȥ
ϣܻɡַ
Сô֣ʵǲǿ۱һһģǵԼɡظЦ㣬ֵܣؼţּߡ
ֻ»Ϊʸ֮İ
ַһظٰ֣֪
ǻ˵ܵΣظˬʴЦǰУߣȥҸλãס˵
ַһЦظһ̤С



2384 
磬ȺǴ򱶡
ﲢûʲô֣֮Ƭ½Ųٸǽ纱ĻľϡޣҲв١ͨˡţߵǱš
ͨߣȻûʲôȨǿԪȨͶ
ЩǿߣԪǿҪʲôͨ߸Ҷ˵䣿
ͷڵ൱λ
ΪǳԱࡣ
ߣ״ϵЩ߿ҪǿˣʶͷڵƬЩʲôҲһֻ۱һֻֻۣҪ̫ݾС
ϾµĴϣϵľס֮أ߲ôں
߱ѵӪЩһǿ
ϻ˼ҿǴӵ߱񳡳ģÿһĥǿߣóս
ѵӪǵѵӪ̫ºˣ˵ÿʱÿ̶ɱ¾Ϣܷɾ衣
ļٵģҲ̫ˣ
֪о߶ɱˣܶԱʵӣ߱ѵӪߡ

ַظ̤
һε״εǰһҲַߵĵطΪ½紫ͨϣһҲ½紫ͨµģЩ̭뿪ģԼﵽҪģǴһ뿪
еĴͨǵġ
𽥿ܿҲĴε಼˾סʽķݽŸֲͬǿߵҪҲͨǱ㡯й򣬲һûǿ߻˷ѱǱ档
ظ֣֪˵߱ѵӪʲô𣿡ַʵ
ظͷͷ֮һ߱¥ѵӪǱѵӪΪںģʽ
ޣַǰһ
ԼΪǱѵӪֻǹԼѵ黹Ҳǣ໥Ĵٽ;ʧΪһ¡
ǰԼѡʱ龳ս߱¥ٰĵ߱񳡡
֮ͬЧ߱񳡸пᣬɱ¾ǿ
֪ҲǺظÿһԪٽʱῪ꣬߱ѵӪ˺ߵ˽ͬʱ룬չɱ¾
ַͷ
Լ֮ǰЩ벻ףõӶ˵ɱպǺܶԹˣԭǺԼɱǺ߱ѵӪɱǾһ¡
Уռʱ⹫˾ΪѵӪ̫пᣬԲûоٰ졣
ֻ߱¥ǵӶô
ӶеѡɰݵȥؾҪҪøɫȻ͵øӦĴۡ
ظһǿݣʲôɹ׵ġ
üŵĲɣͿ͸ӵʵޱͨ͸
ǰַͬ
ѡʲôҪʲô
㲨سΪûпսߣЩḻڵѪʱô֪
Ѫսǿߵ·
߱ѵӪַǵһǱѵӪԼҪȤˣ֮ǰʱһǿߵ̸֪ǱѵӪˣԱ߸ǿһЩ
Դʵ࣬Ǹǽѡγ˲š
ͬǣѡηʽͬ˾Ҳͬ
֣ϲĻֵģظʵ
ʲôַͬʵ
ظЦֵģǿмλãʩǱߣס޵࣬ۼǿ߶ܸ࣬õ໥
㣬λã൱Ƨƺʺ˵ҲûʲôֻͬǺܶߵϲ
ҶԡַⲢûʲôҪ
ظǾͿмλһɣȥʩҲ㣬էŴ򽻵죬δһ¡
һԪչаʱ䣬кܶ뿪ճ෿ݡ
Ȼƽʱмλֵĺܣпյġ
ַЦƺȽ硣
Ȼȥм䣬Ǿͱ˷ʱ䣬ֱ˲ƹȥ֡ظ
á
̶գַܿظмظ˵ԶֵúܣܼɫɫߣʱȻҲкܴһȻĬĬ
ҲһֻھԼǷ뿪ֻٴһԪ
ֶæµɫɫȺУȻ߾Ӷࡣ
죬֣ظǰһЦǱ߸պ׼뿪㿴ǰָʾˣ
ַĿһƳֱ˲ƶ
ҵģԺȻŭȵ



2385 Լƫ
һɫӵ꣬ҵͷſϢַͬʱָʾǰŭȵʢˣ˶üƵġ
ÿ䷿ݶָʾƣϷ֣ͬʱҲÿ˵ıţֻһ˿ݱԶϢܡ
ÿһԪ¸һηݺϢ

ĿԽַǿȻռϷ硣
ͬʱ˲ƵһɲǾĽַָһָʾƣ˲䣬־š8484ֵָʾƱˡ
ԣ־š8483ֵķҲˣظֳһЦ
ŭַ壬ΪûݷŭѣΪַղžѷɫие
ԲǽĿҷ峤֮ӡ؁Eʵǵλǽٮٮߡ
ΪһţԪѵӪĥ£ѰݺצĥһԪﵽ18799ؼݵǰһߣ
ԣһݺ10000ڵģøͷ
ﶵתת죬ûҵϾ÷ӵ߻кܶ࣬ͬһ뷨
ôַ嵭źꡣ
ԼӲ̸øøԼںЩ޵Ķʢˣ޼ɡ
Լƫá
ǱѵӪңǿ˭˭ţ
ԲǽĿ؁Eסˡ꿦؁Eǰַ壬һɷвܿ죬ڽΪ
ַ岻Цãҵ㡣
ĥĴ̶꿦؁Eֱ˲뿪Ŀ֮±ӣԲʹա
ѵӪУеǻᣡ
˿ְ؁Eҵ
ɲô؁EСӳر֮ǰЩǿߣ֮󶼱Ūˡ
û취է֪ô࣬һǸǽĶţĸ˭Ϸ˭Ǹʱ϶Ҳá
ٺ٣ԵĿȻ֪ѵӪЩǻɲŮ
Χڶ࣬˺üԪʶ؁EְϺպ18799ʵѾˣܼܿǰ10000ؼŴ
ϾѵӪߣһǧҡ
ǰ10000൱ÿһǧǿһ
ǡˣظЦ˹
ַǺһЦʲô°
ظĿɨܣ؁EͷƺС
ַѵӪһǧߣһףֲɱǺߣҶû
ԼڱһߵϣĻһ¡
ͬѵӪǿߣʲô
ظЦҡͷðɣҲ㴥ùͷˣȥȰǱ޾ˣÿ䷿ݶи׵ģǱ޾Ƿݱţ8483ѣֱӿ硣
áַͷ
ظȻ˹ΣԼ֪Ķˡ
ظЦЩϢʱ򷿼ܶܲ鵽磬ʱʱûš
ã硣ַҲ˵漴8484ŷ䣬ָʾһ˿΢΢â֤ݣһɫâַ֣塣
еķжƣ˷⣬һɲý롣
ԷҪַߡ
ϾеķӲʩһģһģûκεĲͬרĵطҪǱ㡯ȥһġ
ʶѡһ䷿ʵûʲôͬ
˵䷿ȷʵ䱾ܹпռһһǬ⿴ȥ󣬵ҪĴٱ
ɫˮĽ񣬽Ĺ죬Ÿɾ䡣
ԡַ⡣
ݵһ۾ܿһˮĴڣϵ¸ߣʢ㣬׺â벻עⶼѡ
ŵϱߣһȭͷС͸ˮϷš8484ĸ֣ˮвư峺͸
Ӧþظ˵Ǳ޾ˡַ͸ˮֱܿ
һͨ׾٣һ˲֮ѶϢǱ޾дӿԺ
ַ壬зֲؼš
ѵӪţ8484
Ǳ㣺1000

֡
Ǳ޾ŶܣѶϢ͹ãĸʩĲֵͼͨѶõȵȡ
Ǳ޾ܹ߱á
ڷһ̨Ƶܣѯһȹá
~ʶз·ѵӪš8483ĺӡ
ٶȵ졣ַЦżظ



2386 Ǳ
ֵܣôʶУظˬʵЦ
һɡַ彫ֱӴ͹ȥջţѾӺˡ
ٺ١ظЦǰŷţϣʱմϲ
ַȻʧЦһԪҵɸ߲ˡ
ظǿ˵һСӿؼţǱѵӪؼſŴˣʩһΣһ1000Ǳ֡
ַȵҵûϸظжǱ㣿
100ظ10ͨȫֻ1Ǳ㡣
ַȻ
ĸΣʮܴ࣬ѽ
ȻĿǰ֪ǱʲôãظӣȻһ㣬ᷭһܵϢ֪ˡ
֣ӰظǱ޾ԲѯѵλãһðʱõģЩ߱ģһ֡
λòѯӦܹرյİɡַ
ظԣһ裬һ֡
ллַæˣʱϵ
ã
ͨէȻϣַرͨѶãϾʱţǺͷ۵һ¡ҲҪһ˾һú˽Ǳ޾ĹãǱѵӪ涨
µһԪµ
֮ǰһȫ㣬һԪֱõߵߣ
ַ巭ϵͳǱѵӪһУļأظ˵֮ǰ˽Ҳûϵһ꣬еʱ䡣
Ǳ㡭
ˡ
ַһ
ظԣէ˵һζһʲƵǱ㣬ؼţ1000Ǳ֮֮࣬Ǳ㶼ҪԼȥ׬ˡ
ʩﵽȶҪ󣬱ɻȡǱ㡣
ɱȡǱ㡣
Ǳڽʩһ
ַܿ췭һ¶һı嵥սı࣬ƷҪ࣬һóȥս߲൱
ߵ10Ǳ𡣡
100Ǳ𡣡
۷1000Ǳ𡣡
ַûȤһ
Ͼ߼ûڻͨٶһôҲ󣬶ؼŶԣǱĿǰôֻһǾǽʩ
⣬ҲǵӶϣġ
Ѫ㹻㹻ؼ˵ϰǾ硣
500Ǳɶһһɿ
á
ַܿ췢һҪһı
ɿĹãսʱ֮ͬֵͬܵǿö࣬ܵסͬҲܵס깥
ֻҪ߼ɿһΡ
ѹְ׷˵ؼǱѵӪŴַˣ500Ǳɶһһ1000Ǳɶһ˵ؼŴһʼͱ˶
ǿ
ʵҲһؼŵս൱ֻǱߣҪʱɳַ⣺һԪһ˵ؼſ밲ȻشԪ
ԪսԱ̶ȣνؼűǰ;Ҳޡ
Уֻɱܹɱ
ʶʵΣճ̶ڿɿطΧ
ؼţƺűԪ
һţƺűĸԪ
ţƺűԪ

ÿһԪΪһѵӪڣɺаڡ
ڣɽǱĲ뿪ɸʱ䣬ΪߣȻ뿪
ֹ򶷣ɱô˷ݣΥɱ⡣

򿪷ʱ䡣
ʵսÿһԪһΣֱڵ4900꼰9900꣬ꡣ
ÿһԪ5000꣬߱ѵӪãÿǧһ֣ѡ룬ĿʱΪ0-1000꣬2000-3000꣬4000-4900꣬6000-7000꣬8000-9000ꡣĿʱΪ1000-2000꣬3000-4000꣬5000-6000꣬7000-8000꣬9000-9900ꡣ
ɱ޿š

һϸһ涨
ַϸϸĶΪԼ֮ǱѵӪϢϢأ˽ͨ͸ܸðţҪ򡪡
ʵսɱ
Ǻ߱ѵӪõģͬѵӪ˴ʵսȻңɶܿƣ˼
Ψɱߵط
ǰߵΣڶ࣬޿ţλʱʲ򣬵ۺ˿ѷɫ
ںߡ
һԪһ꣬ɱ棬ֱֲַ겻ѡ
κһǿ˵ʵսĿ飬ͬԺ־Ĳԡ
൱¡



2387 ȥ
һ꣬ʵȷ
ˮһս
øֵģ뱣סģ׵ģҪһƴû·ܰ߱Ͼޡ
ʱƳһŵȫǱ
һܹ֮꣬һʱ׼ַ巭ϣһµס
Լ˵вģһ
ͬкܴʵɱؼӵȨģԲȻĶȻȥһƬ
ڵʵǰԪòʲôΡ
10͵1000ûʲô𡣡
ģҲһЩǱ㽱ұ1000Ǳ㣬ôҪַ˼ʵϸ˵ԼԪ׼ʱ䡣
ΪԼڵǱԶһɿ԰Ȼȹս
е˰
ǱѵӪڶԪһҪɿȥҲ̫ɱˡַ岻һЦȫϢ󣬸ɴػȥ500Ǳһһɿ
һҪ
ҲãսʱԼҲһޡ
ս޳ʤźͱǱѵӪ˭Ҳ֪һ̻ᷢЩʲôб޻û
500Ǳ㣬ʹá
ؼŵȨҿ
ַһܿҵظղ˵ģʩؼſѽһΣ
һʴ
ʩΪƷеľƷÿǿ߶Ҫ룬ҪķѲƵǱ㡣
ǱɲýɱǰգΣأ׬Ĳࣻ߸ΣգÿһɲǶ䣬Ȼ׬ö࣬Σճ̶Ҳ
ڸʩڿնǱ㣬Ҫ൱̣ͨŸﲻ
ߣȵúķǱʩа
12ʩķǱ10㣬100㣬ѽһΣ12־450Ǳ㣬ؼŹȻŴ
Ŀĸַ֮һ
ԣպĸҲһʩ
ƽ׬2000Ǳ㣬治
ÿһʩǴߴؾնĲ֣õӶ˵߿Ƽƶɣ˵򣬿
ֻͷӵеǿߣΪߡ
Щʩ߶۲
ϧòˡַ嵹ȥһ£ڣΪ״̬޷롣
Ҳ㣬ϾʩӶܣﵽһ׼ҪƱ׼¼ﵽǱܶ¼Ӧ֡
֣Ҫ
ǱѵӪУûκֻ֣н򣬻ʩнпŻᱻܼ¼Ϊ֡
һԪ󣬰ֽ
һ꣬Ҳ˷ˡַ巭ѶϢ󣬶ǱѵӪĹ˽ͨ͸ҲûҪ˷ʱ䡣
ʣµģǵȰڹѵ
һݣҪ֪ﲻǱѵӪǵ磬̧ͷܱܿ䣬˵ģԸߵˣ춼ܶ
ǽȲϡ
һзǽʮЧʸߣ
Ȼʩʱ󣬵ʱϾһЩЧࡣ
һ꣬ʱ򲢲һһҪ
һַ
ΪʱҪǧ꣬ɽһΣôʱٳҲûãɽֻ迴һۣôһۣѾ͸

ԽԽҪ
Ҹ磬ʱ
ⰵڶͣѾ̫ãܴﵽⰵ죬ֹսͿһ󲽣ѪҲͻƣΪǿߡ
ʱȫǱѵӪ棬

ַġ
Ǭ֮һȻѣÿһضޱȾˣⰵڶ죬۷ʵⰵ죬۷ʵ
⻹ֻ״̬
Լڵ壬磬һﵽⰵ죬ֱӱӽ۷弫ս
Ȼ޷ưǱѵӪŸΪһ㡣
ȥ򣡡ֱַ
ÿ䷿ݶһκڣƬգܱ䣬Ĺɳ֡
ͬ۾ͬ츳ͬΪӦŸԲͬ
أַ忪ʼǱѵӪ֮·



2388 ֹ
밵Ϊ
ͬΪλͬΪһ֣ûĹֻ֮ͨĸ̫ǳԿˡ
ԽߣԽߣĶԽ࣬Խһ
ַԱͳɫⰵѪҲǸͻؿ죬ⰵְȥһĸоȻÿһ룬·𶼶Թ밵ȫµ⡣
һ죬һ졣
һ꣬һꡣ
ַȻھš
֪ǱѵӪľѾʼˣְܵϣǿߵβϱãȻĩһδǰߡ
ż
ǹ⡣
ǰ
ԭ֮ǰĹͰ̫Ƭˡ
ַš
ĹⰵѪƺҲøͨ͸̶ַ꣬ڹⰵ⣬ͺƼ৵š
֮ǰⰵΪʲôô
ΪԼʼδ͸Ͱıʡ
¸ݽ겣վڵ߷ɽϣȫ͸۹ҲãҲãֻλԷ׳̶ǲռʱġ
ַ屾Ժ͹ⰵʣһǧԲ˵Ц
͸ʣ
һ㣬ܹؼ
¾籾̫ͺһĿһ֪ôˣȫеİأ¡
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ΪؼţԼ飬ʱ֮ĶһҪҲߣֻҪ10Ǳ10꣬ʱ֮о10ꡣ
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ʱ֮УһжޱȻΨʶȻ糣
ַ̧ͷٿգ밵ĸñ࣬ԭĻٿرģ֮ǰɽϿڻصɽϡ
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ʶ»صɽȻԼãһȴǰУʮʱ䣬㹻Լףܶණ
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ںϣֻںϣַ֮һǺϣ桶Ǭصġ׺ʵǵһУֻǡ֮ǰʼⲻˡ

ʮޣַǳ
֮ǰ죬ģ򵽵ģȫϣȫΪãʱжԹ밵˽ǰδеͨ͸ԹⰵĸԽԽ̡
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߼ʵЩݳޣϾѵӪʱÿһ궼ҪؼȻûб̭ΣͬΣƩĳƺűƩвȵȡ
ǵ350꣬ȥĵطɱ򡣡
߶ǻȡǱĵطɱڵ˵Σ̫󣬵ȵⰵʱٽ벻٣򡭡ȥһȥ
ȻǱ٣ʤޡ
պҲܶһսӦһ߼Ϊ4900ʵս֮׼
ǱѵӪÿԪ¼
ϰԪĩʵս°ԪĩǰǸѵӪսǴսȡҪı¼βɱ
һͨĥ£׬ȡǱ㣻һѰ
ظֵԸʮ֮˾ɡַ忪Ǳ޾ֱӴλùȻظλãλ
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ͬʱ䣬ַյӺѵѶϢ
һǡ1958907һǡ10003
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ǱѵӪһ㲻ʶ߸㣬Ͼ˭ûʲôôַҲû⣬ֱ֤ͨɾȼ˵
λùб1958907򣬶λúϤ
ޣظһ𣿡ַܿǷ֣ôԼңٿַȻһЦСˣʮ֮˾ŷá
ϾظѣʶԼҲӣظĸԸܰԼܡ
ԼʶѲ࣬ظһСŷһ
10003ַһλùĵطɱ
ǱѵӪŸտʼ͸ҽɱģǵ֮Ϊ֮ޣ߱ѵӪߣɱ¾죬ޱȲҡ
Ժٿظֳһſӣ
зǽַ壡ɱ㣬ֹһʶѶϢֱӴԺһôſ޼ɵ˷
Ŷַ㲻Ҳ֪˭
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2389 

ַʱûȤ
ƥ֮£ûҪȥѣ˵ʵµԼȷǿ؁E֣շлġ
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Ҳûѿ؁Eɾֻȡλùֱˡ
ɱУĿ؁Eŭޱȣַ弸꣬ڵȵᣬԷȻҪԪ
ʲôЦ
Ԫʲô˭֪
ų򣡡һߺɱľ޾ɱһ߿؁EֱʶѶϢ͹ȥȴ·һǽ㣬ֱӽʶѶϢ赲⡣
ģң؁Eʱۺˣҵͷ·Ķߣצ˺ҧžޣһʶѶϢʵٷȥһ⣬ȫա
ɶ񣡡
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бһֱ㣡
֮أ
ĿŤ؁Eһǻŭ޴ӷйٴɱ
ʵɱк޼ɡ

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2401 Ըѵ
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2402 쬵
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2403 ҪǮҪȣ
1800Ǳ۷һӼֵ500Ǳɿ
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2404 ɱ
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2405 һԳɼ˵

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2406 
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ǿ؁EҲ⾳кķ250Ǳ㡣
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2407 ΢⾳
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2408 зֲ
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2409 ؿռ
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2410 Ǳ
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2411 ִ氮˵Ц
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2412 ʵս򣬿ʼ
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2413 Ǳô
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2414 н
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2415 ֮
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2416 
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2417 ɼ
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2419 ɳһ׶
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2420 ô㣡
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2421 ѡ
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2422 Ȳʤȯ
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2423 ǽӣܻᷢ
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Ȼְַֻǵ壬ɣǱѵӪ



2424 ߴ
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ЩǱ㣬ûˣ˵ĸһ٣˷1000Ǳ̫ϧܽٴѵʩʵ
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2425 ˭
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2426 ռƵӦ
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˫ͫ⣬ֱֻ𣬱ո¶ɡ



2427 ëô
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쿴
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ϾеţȻĸԸ֮󡣡
һһ׷ס
Ǹʵսһ飬Ȼַ˽ͨ͸˵ϣҪģҪùΡ
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򳤣򳤣Ǵк𣬸1򳤣10򳤣ɻΣͳϽ1000߸¹ĸ򳤷ۣɫĳü˫ɫȻԵ
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2428 ɱ֣
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2434 
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ԭʵսַѵӪǰ1000ֻǧչؿޣδô֣ʶŻᵹˡ
ʵ˶
ַսۺԶԶǧǰ
ְǰ100060أǱѵӪһµսΡ۷޵С
ʵսǰٵߣ۷޵ǿߣַֻ⡣
£ַҲȷȷʵʵﵽΡ
зǽʱŵǱᣬͷټԪǿˣйʵǿģʮԪǰյؼšơ
ʵӽ۷޵С
Ȼַսжǿû֪ǱЩߡ
Ϊ򣬽ֻ50
ȼǱѵӪУһֻ۷޵ĲΡ
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ʵսսʱսʵǲͺݶġƾŻ
һôǧȥˣЩ˵ǧ̫սַսǱѵӪʱʲôӣֲǲ֪
ڻͷ
յַ壬ս
ʵսЩʵսĸ򳤱ʼ׷ٷЩֳɫˣַ̣壬ͺݶȻصĹ۲
Щ۲ݣҪΪǳҪ
̣һ㡣
һ˵Ļ̫࣬ٸַһԪʱ䣬϶̡ܳ
ҿãַǱǲǱʼǱտʼڣҸΪΪַƫԶǽ磬Ѹô࣬Ҫ̡ҲΪֽ׶βСңǲ̫ô
ڻ۷׷ס
׷ַһʱˡ
ȷʵַ廨ţǷӡһ־ڳΪߵǱ˵רעóһ·ȷ
Aڻ̱ϾţѪ߹ڱЩƽȳΪߺ󣬲Ŀʼʱ˭ǿ˭Ȼһ
ڵս˵Ȼֻ60ڻȴ֪ȫ65ʵΪǧԪһֵĳˣֻҪ򷢻ӲʧյһԪѵӪ
һܽǰλ
ǰλżս
ڵַ壬֮»൱롣
ĿԴɣҸо¸Ԫֻ¸Ԫܻ̿λѵӪף
Ҳǣ߱ѵӪĳѻǿһǾû츳ˣǧԪһĳţʵ顣
Ǳ߱ѵӪѹҲ̫ˣٸԪδ׵ζˣ
̫ˣѾ˿߱ѵӪЩ˵ֺģһξͿüַ壬ͺݶδҲѵӪǰʮĿܡ
˼Ԫ˳ɳͺˣ
ڻЦ˵
ǣǱ߱ѵӪѹټԪˣ
ͬͷ˭ûеСƢš

򣬴3550
ַõ1836Ǳ㣬٣ԳǱѵӪƽ׼Ҳ࣬Ϊַ˵ȫõࡣ
35ʼ43ַϵܸߡ
һֱˢ򼫹⣬Ѷȿʼϵ𽥼ͣ50ʱʵϵ60գﵽַսޣõϵȻͷǳˡ
㹻ˡ
5897ַ忴Ǳ޾еǱ㣬ں༸ټ٣ˢһ׼⾳˵٣㸶ǧǱԼԸ⡣
ʧȻá
ȥʱ֮ꡣ
ȥ⾳ء
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ʱ֮ܽʱãʮμ⣬Ȼͬʮ⾳Դ˴ʮֹ첻ͬĵ
⾳أԲ⾳µ
ȻһڼҪǱǾΪ⾳൱Ĺ
Լ
Ŀ꣬ǰһױȴѩǿĵУսսбǿ
ǧɢȥ
ûҪʡǱ㡣
ɱõǱ㣬ʵ࣬ЧԶʵսԼˣʵսõǱ㣬ȫ˫
ƣֻΨһһΡ



2441 ۵ַ
9000꣡
ǱѵӪһεرգһεһΪְƴˣɱȫս׼ĥ¡
ˣûɿġ
500Ǳһ˭ܶһҲ˭ԸȥһġҲкܶǿߣⲻһɿΪıǱƳǿԼ
˰
ͺݶȼ5559ְϳַ壬ռݵڶѽΡ
ȼҲ5557δַ壬ڵġ
·ˣȼȫ55׷Ҹϣò֡
50ϵˣ95֮࣡
൱ľˡ
Ƕ۷޵սַҲ֮һͣ50ֻλ50ϲΣ֤õǱ㲢ߵġ
ʵַҲʵս㣬սߡ
ԣʵսʱЩɷڣȼƭˣϾ඼ԼȥģַҪְʱԣܸһ¥ûͣ50
5051Ǹֽ룬ôͻƵģַõǱֲ࣬ȥϿһ֪ˡ
ʵսس߶ȥַҲ֮һ
û취Ͼֻ࣬ǿڻǿзչǰ;˵Ƕԣ˵ӹƽûس
ǰѪ̫ͨˣ̣ͺݶһѪ߹󡣡
˰ûʲôģңңȣ϶õһˣѾõһ65ĸܺѿɿȻ75ԪտʼҲֻ65ѡ

䶨ʵһĿȻ
ְ˰ܹؼΪдߣʱ´ܴ࣬һһ㣬ϾⶼǱ㡣
⣬ҲΪµս⡣
ʶַµġ֡ܲۡ
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ƽĶַֻۣ50е66ʵҲѾһ൱ɫĳɼˡ
Ԫˣڵ66λģ¸¸ԪضѵӪǰ1000ǰ100Ҳһʡ
Ҫַݣࡣ
ң֮ǰʵսı̫ҫۣ߶Ҫָ˵㡣
ȻַսԲֹڴˡ
ַֺֻ˵Զ⡯ôҪ
⵶һУ⡤Ѿյòˡַ䣬һֱİ׹⣬΢⾳ʹ£ǿ
⵶ڶУ⡤յûá
⵶ڶУʶַȡΪ⡤ߺһϻߺ»ߣܴԷһֲ
ɫâ˸һм⡤٣ҪƯࡣ
⵶У⡤Բ¡
⵶У⡤ߡ
⵶У⡤
ַ嶼⾳и
⵶еĴ죬ѵöˡ
Ͼ弶ΪһΣǴӵ46ʼ50Ǳǰе⾳£ұȻļҲӡ
ǰյڶС⡤Ȼƾ⡤٣ҵĹʽ̫һˡ
УյڶΪǰᡣ
⾳ںϣҪСɵĻԼⰵ졣
֮ԶԼ⵶ӣһǹⰵϣϾǹ֮һַ࣬ʩչӦ֣ǿࡣ
Ҫʵսࡣ
һʼͻ߱ѵӪǿ߻һ޲ɱҲҪ߱ѵӪߣͬҪԼѵӪߡ
ڵѵӪ975λҵսΡ
Ȼǿ߲࣬Ͼ߶һжģ߱ѵӪƽսҪǿܶࡣ
ͬ975λ߱ѵӪս϶ʤԼһȡ
ңԼûκξ顣
׽ǰ10000ɡַ˵ûҰƭ˵ģʵսĳɼҲкܴϣ
Ҫ׷ϻ̵ְ񣬳Ϊϯˡ
ҫһ£ؼְλ5000Ǳ㽱
ڶֻ3000Ǳ㡣
2000Ǳ㡣
ܽǰ1000һʧܣпܳ
ַп
Լû򣬻ͬûڻнһǧʱ䣬Լʱ
һԡַĿ⾫о쵶
Ŀ꣬˰λ
õ5000Ǳ㽱



2442 Ϊǿһ
900̣
ǱѵӪУ֮ŨҼ£һѵʩΪ׬ȡֵֻߴʱĥΪ׼
ÿԪҲؼһսۡ
ѵӪֱӵĴײ
ÿһΣ򶼻ǿߣͬʱҲðྭսգͻƵߵߡ
սͻҲֱӵķʽ
ҪôҪô
ҶѿɿѵӪְЩѹ֣ѵӪʼɽһֱѹ
µڣΪǱѵӪǿߣҲ޷ʹɽ
ǣռаǰλ
1.1090
2.Ҷ189
3.а8885

7.뵶44476
8.ѿɿɣ1275

10.һ㣬1977075

ǳ䶨
Ȼ߱ѵӪ900ʱˢ£ǱѵӪԪѾûʱ䣬Ԫտʼֽһ
ѿɿȻս106575͵Ҷͬ10
ңǵ10ԶѿɿѶҪߣ
80һ̱ζӵߵʵҲζſõݷ
õ
ϸԪ׵Ҳֻ77ѿɿɳԹ76ϧܡ
һõɡѿɿѵӪǰʮһһԪճϸԪֽ1000⣬ԪɱְǱѵӪڶ
ǰʮǱѵӪֻռϯλ
ְֻͬռϯλ
˵ȫر߱ѵӪѹ
ΪǱѵӪְλѿɿȻܼǱѵӪǲΪܷȡԪȼﵽ80
ȵ¸Ԫ¸Ԫﵽ80ǲϿɵġ
ǹ涨
ԼҲûȥΪֻҪԸ⣬ʱͻƳΪߡ
ƿǿ
߱ѵӪļ񣬽߰ɡѿɿȻһЦˣ겻Ҳûа취
¸Ԫһ㣬ֻ߳˻̣
ѿɿЦЦ漴չ

Уһһ趯ˣ磬һ⣬Ŵķ֮ȼž⾳
65ƿѪ۷Ļ̣Ȼóȴױȵ츳ԣսﵽ۷޵вΡ
δͣ¹ԼĽŲ
֪Լݣ֪Լص
Ҫܼҫ
ĸףһŬģ̾ϣޱȵļᶨʵսѻ֮£δʧȥģǱѵӪһҲδа㽾
ΪЩԻ˵Ҫ
ĿֻһǾǳΪѵӪǿһ

Уһӻ죬ɫħӷţļ·ըѿޣÿһκƽ̮
ˣǴɻ

ͺݶ󺰣Ъ˹
Ǳ㣬ڽɱԵĻ磬һ̨ףΪıս׼
̣׷ˣ
ַ壬ʵսĳټ
ΪͺħĻӣͺݶŸ߰𣬵ѵӪȴһδα̤ǻ֮ԺǱҲԽ֮ʵսбַܡ
ͺݶԣޱȵĳ衣
һһ趢ͺݶ߰ϣƼ̥ǡ
Ҫ߶֪ͺݶͺħĻӡ
ǿˣ

ʱռ
вֹˣÿһ߶ǵ׼սΪ⽫֣ǵȥ
ǰʮֱӳΪһš
ǰһģֱӳΪؼţؼŴ
ǰ100ߣֱΪͽܡ
ǰΪӶص
һ˵ˡ
ÿһߣǵ׷Ŀꡣ
ַͬĿǽǰһ٣ܱΪͽܣ翦؁EĿǽǰһ򣬳ΪؼţؼŵĴ
ظŬżǰʮԼһԪ˻һš
ʱַ壬ͬŬš
ΪΪһԪܳΪְλϵشǱ㣬һѵʩ
ܵǱѵʩ
100Ǳ㣬20ꡣ
޴żǱģȴʱȴһ꣬пޣѽ֮á
ڣɹˡϲõЦڻ֮ܵС



2443 Ļ
ļھأ
֧֮һ90%ǿһ壬ɻɱλ۷ǿش
ֱӵ깥
깥Ȼɱһǧȴмߵ޺ޡ
ַ屾ǿ־ǿᣬԴʯȻߵĹҪ̫ࡣ
ļֻһ֮ȴҵơ
۷ǿߣȻ۷ٮٮߣ۷ޣ۷޵УֻսϵĲ죬һġ
ҵčļ90%ȫ£رǿߣֻӵ۷Ȼɡ
Ժԡ
ַоġ
ΪԼȫաɱ顯깥۷ֱ˵ɱˣɱ𡣲ǿ깥Ҫӵƻԡ
ȻһһһԶ࣬Լ깥ɱһ֣ȴֻʣ²10%Ǿ鷳ˡ
ΣԼһŻƣҡ
Ļơ
սѵӪУ23000⡣
ֻһУܵסߣѵӪλ
ѵӪкܶѪǿǵ깹ͨˡħһǿ߲ͬ
ɱǹԵ۷ǿʵƻǿ깥ֻһ㡣
ʶЩ൱ǿɱ
ֻشҲ㹻
һ깥ֱɱ˯Ϊֹ
ַһЦ
һһԼжǿ
ƾ荋ļھغɱ飬ܻԼģǱѵӪ಻ʮ
ȥ󣬶һһָıַܵÿһοҪ100Ǳ㣬20ʱ䣡
ַ塮ƴ֡Ǳڶ࣬νҲЩ᲻á
ļڰأҲֻǽΣҵһ顣
ΣΣķ500Ǳ㡣
ҵԶԶٿЩ۷ͲˡַԼǿһС
츳ȴڰ˵
ҵ깥Ҫ̫걾ʵغ;˵츳ˣļھصҲķԼǿܲٿء
ΪʩչļھأԼֻʣ10%
ǿ1%׾ٵؿ99%ַڻܵп۽磬ʶЩǿʵ̾Ϊֹ
ʩչ۷ֹһǿ˵á
һ죬ҲﵽַƣźĿΪԼһﳤǡƺơ
ҪԼΪ֮ˡ

Ĵ죬ƿַҲδټ
ʱ̫רһȥͻƿͷԽңԽѳɹֿ˼ȥ£һ̬˵µĸ
ʱ֮⾳أġ
һѵãַ룬ȫںǱġһ˵ԼòְλҲܽǰףҲ2000Ǳ㽱
˫õģһԪ϶ȱǱ㡣
300꣡
ַһͷģ֮ǰԼȥĲĵطΪգʵһˮɵ£Ҫ̫⡣
£Ҫһš
֮ǰɱȥöΣò˵Ҫ۷ȷ°빦ҲᣬԼ۷δ͸
սսף
һһء
͍ļͬԼ棬ɱķһһأսֱӾԼսܴﵽ̶ֳȡ
սһɶûӡ
ڲſĲƣ㻹ǵԼġ
ʣµʱ䣬ҪƣԣܽҲٺòˡ
ط⼼ܣĿǰֻһطʱ뿪ڶطյһ⼼ܡ
ַײ
ΪԹС桯֣ΣأʱƻʱҪصֵΣգȻ
⼼ܣһΪΪ
ڴƩ͹кܺõĵЧ׻⼼ܡѶˣʱͿռĹкǿķЧռ⼼ܣѶȼߡ
£յڶطͻ⼼һЩ



2444 
ʵսȫͬ
һɱһֻǶܿƵռɱ
չֵĲսѪ츳κοõսϵķӣȵȡ
ĥǿߵս
ʶÿһԪдǿȥ߱ѵӪǱѵӪ֮£ȫȻں
ǿߣֱ
ˡַ뿪ģѵӪ˵ѵʩ֮һֻķ10Ǳܽ50꣬Լ300꣬Ҳͺķ60Ǳ㡣
ͻܵȣȫǾţһë
ֻʣ3987ǱˡַҲǸ̾
ǱĿ죬ȥҲ죬ԼҲǿʵս׬һʣȻõǱ㣬ԶԶ
ˣǱġ
һԪԼ߾ܵȥն񣬵һԪû˫ʵսǵڶν룬ǱĻþͻٺܶࡣ
ʤ̭档
򡭡
һؼţ϶ɿ
ǿ߾ͲһˣЩֳɫʵսֳɫõǱȥһЩãҵһǱ㹺
ʵսʲôʧûС
ʧһֵ500Ǳɿֱɥ
ȻһҪɱ¾򵥵ȥءնһ顮澧׬ȡ100֣
˸־߶׷֣׷ΣЩֻΪƽȶȹ顣
һ澧ֵ100Ǳ㡣
ţ߿ɶһʮ澧
һţ߿ɶһʮ澧
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Ȼ֮ǰѿ飬μģ࿴û©Ǵʲô
ɱѵӪɱѵӪߣᱻ֡Ȼû̫򣬵һУܶ¼ڰ
ֻС£Ӷ˵ǣΪ²ӡ
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ĸƤοһУԶֹһȺ
壬ħ壬Լ壬ʱȷʵöһۡ
ɱԷѵӪߣá֡
ֿʱǱ޾вѯÿ߽򣬶ܻǰгʼ⣬10000Ϊ1
ɻɱȡԷѵӪһ֡
ʮ꣬Զ10֣ڶʮ꣬Զ20֣ʮ꣬Զ30֣ʮ꣬Զ40֡
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֣Խ棬ɱԷѵӪ߻õľԽࡣ
澧һжһޣ澧3000Ǳ㣬5000Ǳ㣬˫߿ɻ16000Ǳ㡣
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ѵӪ߶ȵĽһָһջ񣬽ƴģԽߡңõ֣ҲʵսҪ߳һ
㲻ˣҪ8000ǱҲѱȵ졣
֣ԽһԽѡ
ѵӪġˡԪǱöҪݼÿһԪ1000ޣֱ޸1000Ҳ2000Ǳ㡣
ǱѵӪõ8000Ǳģ٣ƽʮԪͻһΡ
ʵսһõ16000ǱˣټԪֲһΣģѾ1025Ԫǰ
ַһЦ
ѶȣҪʵսߡ
ԶǿǲףҪõ16000Ǳ㣬ˮ֮£쿪
ʵսҺͻ˫˫Ƴ381Ԫļ¼δֳ¡
򣬵һ˶ϡ
˭һԪ
ǿ



2445 ĳ
ѵӪ9899ꡣ
һ꣬ǱѵӪ߽׼ǱҪÿһ߶Ҫ롣
ԭ޷룬ҲֱӱѵӪص߳Ӷˡ
һųǲΪߵġ
֣治һôϺ
ǰֵַܣһνȸһӦһ£ȽϺõ㡣޿ڵ
λǰĺ⣬ַˡַǸһЦֻһ˹ˡ
ȻϺʵҲҾḻַһʼ;һˣǾܾǺ⣬Ҷзֲ
ðɣʵʵҲﲻʲôæϺЦ
޵ͷֵַȻʵǿҪС߱ѵӪߣһþսܷӱǿս
ҪСЩεĵϢĵطΣա

ַš
ȻܶණԼҪġԸֲȽ磬Žһ㣬ʶлѡ񲢼ս
ϾŲܸõ
ȡøߵ֣ô
֣ܰȻȹ꣬õܼ550֣Զһ550Ǳ㡣Щ츳һǿߣ550Ǳһʾ޶Ŀ
ܱסɿҲ500Ǳ㡣
߶ַ塢֮ߵǱ㣬ѵӪ99%ߣȱǱ㣬ҡ
Ƿǳȱ
ΣգǱѵӪǿǡ
Σǵľޡ
ͬѵӪߡ
Լ˽ĶѾ˽⡣
һͬѵӪߺٻɱΪ˲òκκôǺ߱ѵӪ߽սɱҲǲȡԷģĹء
Ϊɱ¾Ϊᱦɱ¾
߱ϾǶ壬ͬѵӪìܳͻҲǱȱȽǣƽ޷ɱ¾оͲںôࡣ
Ʃ翦؁EխձҪַȥɱս
؁EҲﰵģҪнַʬΣûˣЦְַϿǵ975λ؁Eǿǰ10000
ǰ1000ǰ10000ǾԵĲࡣ
ޣǵҰޣֻе͵ȵǻۺɱ¾ʶֹУɱҲкܶ࣬ǰɱɱޣһΪ׬ȡǱ㣬Ϊۻ顣
ͬǣеľһЩС澧ġ
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µȾޣû澧
еȾޣ1%
ϵȾޣ5%
бޣ20%
50%
100%
УµȾ޾ͨ۷ս
еȾޣΪ۷ٮٮսϵȾ޽ӽ۷ޡ
ҵսβ࣬۷޵С᲻ֱַָʵֻǿʵսսַԼ
ǧǰȷ
ڵԼӵս
һһܻɱͬӵ۷޵սľ
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澧ַоġ
澧ı50%ҲÿɱͷԼõһ飬ͺˡھӵżսԼһսҪɱվͺСˡ
ǿľ޻ʣʵģޱϡ٣ҶڸԵĵƻʣȥС
ʵսж⽱ҲС
ӵ渳츳ԴľԭˣܸӦط֮⣬ġ򡯺͡򡯣ĵرر
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2446 ͷĿ
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2453 
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2454 ɱһǹ
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2455 ֵֵã
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2456 У
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2457 Ҷ
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2458 һ
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2459 

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2461 
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УַЦһδǰ벽ս߿뼫⾳ڣսر
¡
ַϾֱ䱳
ɱ⣬Ρ
򿵺ĿɴַĹȫϡ
ԭžĹ֮ƴ䣬ȴû뵽ַȫϵۼȴȥãƫƫҪ
ɱ࣡



2469 ׬ٱֹ
ֵַĵһʱ䣬ű֪
ֻͷǶʵȺҲѲ֡
ߣԶ򿵵ʵҲΪΣһ࣬жǿ
ˡ
ڶ޿вֵһ꣬ʵ֮£򿵷ͥ
ţò֡
Ϊٲ֣Ҫˡ

ռ伱ըѣɫ࣬˲䱬ļ¹ľ޴󣬵𿪰ͷȴʹ˱ʱ䡣
ݣ
۵˲䣬չŤĿռһͷſѪڣַ塣
أַüͷһأòջ򿵷ĹΪ򿵵˲䣬ԼҲᱻǿռˡ
һжַ֪С
ҲûܻɱʵԲԼĶ֡
ȡ
ַм죬ס˲䣬ץɫεˮΡĿѣԶǳ֣ḻ׼
ռһ͵۷֣ͨɫɢͱ˵Ϣػ䡣
߳ͣ꣡
㣬ռ۳ַ巢𹥻˲һַӲƿϾֻѷȫ
ҲûԴַ壬Ҫģֻסһʱ䡣
Ϊжڣ
䣡ϼᾰˣһٰѾĶͻɽַ壬ռƷĿâ˫ָʮָ⵶ǿĹչɡ
һΣ򿵵Ŀ겻䣬ַ壡
֪ǰƻ࣬ò䡣
ңдڣʲô£
û취ˡַоٲȻ򿵣ֱȡ䡣
죡
Χһĺɫâ֣ĺԪΪģ֮·֣Ƭ򣬿ռɱܣԪ֮
̬ĺɱ
Ƶµַ壬ʩչһ¥־Ϊᶨĺɱǿ̬ޱȽӽؼ汸һɢɫâ
ϵħ̡
ַΨһһϵ
䡣
ƿȫ˿ںͷķ񹥻һԿռŤַ壬ַκλȥ䡣
ֵϬԲŹȺûᡣ
䣬ģ
ž
򿵴䣬âʱͷſ򿵵ǻһĨЦݣȴǱ֣ڴʱһɫâϢش͸ռݵһֱߡ
ʲôɫȻһ䣬类֧ݺһѪʹ쾡¡
ħ̣˫ش͸
ħ̵ǿĹж£Ķش̣񵽼µĹεĹ򿵵ĿռŤһֱˡ
ۣʵ𣬺ڰڷʳ
ʱͷԭĿռŤ޾˺飬ڶǰһԲ£ޱԲ¡
ַĵڴ˿̲ƫеغ򿵣ɢ¹
⣬ޱȽӽµ⾳ֶ򿵺䣬Ƭ⻪ҫ۵ˮĻأ罫һȫƻ

ɫ䣬г޾š
ãŴʱȫףһƬ䣬ҧгݡ
ýƻ࣡
ʵʵǷֱ档
ΪĿ䣬ȴû뵽ǵܵܶ򿵣
Ŷ򿵶ȡ˲䣬˲ֹ׼ʱ䣬ͷΧ֮ʱǿȡ
ǱѵӪʲôʱһôǿ࣡ſͷͷ
֪ܵܶ򿵱ɡ
룬õ䣬ܵܶϻɿ
Ȼ
ž
䣬ˡ
ǿĹ£ˮĻ鿪һ˵ĿռϯƬˮĻеҲѿɢĿɫâ
~~~
ƶŵռϱһ·γɹ֮ݵľ޴𶯣һٿؽ١
ޣַ循ﲻѣ˸â
ص
սĹ˺˱ݵġαװԼ־ڱصõĹδɱǸǿߣֻشΪһǼˮĻաˡ
ƺ
ԼУʲôء
ԣǻᡣ
ǶѶϢеġ
ַȻӿ졣
ԼѷΪõ֣ҲᱻǿΧ罫ΪնɱһǿߣȻϣɱһǿߡ
һУ
ȴû뵽ôһʣԼĹݵġ
Ǹǻ
ǿĻǾ׬ˡַȫ
ǿߵһδĻ
׬ٱֹ



2470 
仯̫ͻȻ
𾪵ַֺֹ壬ŶֵҲһȻǶ򿵣õֵôѿǿǼֵ3000Ǳıﰡ
Ƕ򿵡ҡҲ㲻ƣʱҲ۲ѡ
۾ɵùԲôҲû뵽ᷢ£ûⳡսδѿȻᷢıʡ
ͨռ֪ռ䷽λı仯ǾͺһɴһһȻֻ߾룬Կռ˵ȴȻͬռ䡣
λȫı䡣
ǻ򣡡

˷ܡ
һֱԻĴ֮󣬽ֻ108Ҳֱҵÿһض޷Ԥ⡣
ÿһսȻ108򣬵ܱġ
ֻиλ
ңԽḻĻ򣬿Խѣ
һȵ̽һ뱦ͷİأѶǼ¡
󣬻Ҫֵ3000Ǳ䣡

Ŀ㲻ѵģҲѵ֮һ
ǼĻΣնֻģ
3000Ǳ㣬򣬾ûؼֵ30000ǱıͫԹâ͸һ˿ɱ⡣
Ϊв⣬һ൱鷳ڡ
Ǹƻ࣡
֮죡ɱ
ʱռŲת޴ռݣԲܴ󶯸ɸ꣬һƻ˴ͣ޷ΣȥռǴ¡
һռ䴫ֹͣ򣬵һ¾ɱǸ࣡
֮࣬˯
߶תɱǱַͬ׼ͶһַҲѡʱ֣󡮷ţҲðա
ַղž򿵵Ľ֣٣пռ䴫͡
¶ˣʱ֣Ӿ޴ÿռ䴫ͷƫȥ˻ǲĴʧ
һ˵㱻õһ뱦Σ
룬ԼҲõһ뱦
ܱʲôòǿöࡣ
ԼȻô׵طŹǿߣΪ
ȵռ䴫һֹͣʩչǿɱУԍļھؽɱַսɢɱ⣬ս׼
ԼҲǿдʱҲ̡ͬ
ţԳԱ
˴֪˭Ҳʱ֣ƻݵƽ⡣
һУҪȵռ䴫ֹͣһɲپ

ʱС
~~
ռƿһСȴǿĺɫӰ̤룬ĺɫ򣬳žİϢǵ߽١
Ϣޱǿ
ĵһ̽ǡ
ɨ
򣬶κεв
߱ѵӪе95λĳǿߣҹƣ
ˡʩչռ˲Ƶҹո˵Ҳ;вδֻһͷбޣֱɱˡ
ɾʩչռ˲ƽĻ򡣡
Ǻġ
ҹ»
ſȥ;飬ܿࡣ
ӦҪʲôֻܽ²סҹаûôʱȥھ鷳
Ȼ취룬ôֱǡ
ʩչռ˲ƣҹƶԣʲô̫󸺵
ϣǶĻ򡣡ɫ壬ĿռͷſҹͫƣʱռҲѪ츳ʩչ
ৣ
ҹֱʧ

¡~~
ݿʼ𵴣ռ䴫Ͳûкķ̫ʱ䣬ԶŶ򿵺ַ˵ÿһ붼·˺ܾãÿһɲǶǺͶԷڲġ
Ȼ˴֮йʶĬ˭Ҳҿ϶Ͼǵзѡ
Ŷռݾƣַ幷ǽַ¶Ϊشŭģ֮£˵׼ͻԴһȡ
ңȹһ϶Щơ
ҵǣǶŶ򿵻ַ壬侲ûбŭͷԡ
Ҷڵȴʱȴռ䴫ͽһɲǡ

ɴ棬ռһɲǼʧ٣еˮĻ⻪Ǹ˿߾ͺơžһѡ
ͬŶַ֮ʱߣҲ˲ʱѿ
߳䣡
ŶϬڵһʱַ巢𹥻
ֵܵ޷죬żʵȻһϣսɿߣ
ַ岻ᡣ



2471 
ݣݣݣݣݣݣݣݣݣ
֧ɲĹԶʵĹ죬ھ֧Ͽգֳһʵɫ鼮ҳ৵ط
۷ɱ飡
ǿĹЧƻԷͬʱǿ깥ַ࣬屾깥Ѿǿ
Ҷݵַǿʵض΢С
ԭʵر;ǿԴʯ깥ӣԶԶļļޡ
ھأ
90%
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ʶûҪʵ
ֻһ
깥ôܣڹͬʱҲǷ֣ԾţΪû뵽ǰƻǿĽս⣬ʩչ깥
ŷӦҲǼ죬һɫͻ֮ſ
Ķ㡣
겻жػŵҲ깥ϾζܴͬսȻܺͶһ𣬻ɱǰࡣ
Ͼս
깥ʼջ޿תһˡ
𣡡ɫͻε겨ػٿȻʶгһɫ鼮ҳϡϡ˲󣬽ǽɫͻ͵ظǣû޾ҳ֮С
žϣ~
ŵֱѡ
ʲôŴʧɫ۾ɵùԲδüκηӦһµʸѰɫâꡣ
߳
䣡~~
µĹϯŵꡣ
飬ͺȥ£һɲǱµʸ͸ŷ˺ѷεѪϵĹһɲǼѶѡ
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ֵģҲǴΪңܸоŵϢȻ併㣬䣬һǳ䡣

򿵵ĹַϣɢɫâַӲһͬʱսӳ˺˶ʣ޼ķ
˵Ķ򿵣٣һԲɡ
ַͬˣ90%Ѿƺǿ־ʹѸ
ɱ򿵣ɱţ
ַһ޻֮ĶţɿûжôĲʣΪʶԭǼ
ৣৣ
߱ѵӪǿߣֱ257318սǱѵӪǿĶŶ򿵣ޱȽӽ̤򣬵ȴͱԵ
ں̵ַУ̭
ࡣַѸٷʳعʵָĵȻָȻڻУʱҪٶ
ļھأǿ
ɱ飬˵ɱˣɱ𡣡
ַ̾
һǿߣ濹Լûκʤ㣬˵ǿϣ޷졣
ǿߣԍļھص깥ȴ١
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۷۷û˵ַԼֱָ˿ԭ˵Ҳڻָ塣
֮ƴҲҪٶȻɱǿߣΪıʲôʡ
ңûС
ԭǿߵͷҲʧӰ١
иĵط
еģȻ򣬲еģȻҲ롣
ַͷ
ԼڱУΧϢоȻͬ
ԼһƬµء
򡣡ַ岢żųȥȵսָұҸͨΪεĶ൱
۵˴һ߽룬ԼѸ롣

~~
޾ʧһƬĺڰ޴ͬɫɭ֣ļ¿ɲϢƬռѹ֣Դ
ǻ򡣡ʩչռ˲ƣҹǽƬصء
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ҹ»ûκεĵġ
ʵоģУо޻ʵĴڣ
ÿһͷ޻ʣʵߣ
ɫâҹԼűߣɫ˺ɫͨ·˸ӵʮ˱Σޱȸӡ
ʱǿ˺ܶࡣ
ҹƵƣҲʱǿʮֹ
һƬδ̤ıء
ˡҹƲ޴ߣʱҲ˷֮ɫ˫ݣΪѵӪÿһ߶ıء




2472 ᣬܻе
7285ַ֡忴Ǳ޾
Ŷ򿵵֣൱֮ߣʹԼ˽4000֡
ͬǱ޾ĵͼϲûʾΪ򣬶һֶصĴڡ
УдĲбޣľͷ
Удľľͷ޻ʡ
кܶ澧
ϾǾ澧ı50%
νġȻ԰㣬򣬾澧ô٣Ҳٿ顣
15澧ն45͹ˡַ󲻸ߣ60澧ܶһ޵6000Ǳӡ
60ôͲˣһЩ֡
澧ֻǸӵļֵļֵڻЩƷ
࣬ǻǿǿ߷롣
Ʃأݱܽӵл塣
Ʃ֮ɽǶΡ
ÿһΪ죡
ҪߣҪ뼫Σյؾſܻá
žַսսȻ
ģԶûôָԼȫԭսﲻʮɣҲоųϡ
ڻ򴳵Ҳ㹻
ϾвǾָʮսԼҲǾ޻ʵĶ֡
깥Ծá
ַ̤ӱ̤űߵͺһԼ󣬺ɫʮ˱͸ŸӾܵƣ֮쳣ǿᡣ
ܶƬ򣬵Ҳ
ɱöˡ
û߸ţǾ;޻ʾ͹Լһˡ
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һͷĻͷ޻ʡ
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ͨĻ䱦ֵҲʮڶ򡣡ַ弲һƬڰ֮УˮϾͺó֮
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ٴιֻצ˺ռ䣬ս֮ǼͷҪǿһȡ
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Ȼǡ
Ϊ򡣡ַ
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սʵֶΣ
ַ壬ھ⾳ĸҲѴﵽ΢۷壬²ΣĥŴɾ磬ⰵ죬ڸء
һһ
䣡
·ʤʼֻǾûǻֻ֪ɱ¾ûãַ乥·㴦ڱ״̬𲽱ʳֱ󱻻ɱ
16澧
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ʵõľԭˣǵһͨռʱľַ彫ԭǱ޾ֻϧľԼûϡ
ڱеͷһͷͨռһͷͨʱ
ľԭûںϣ׸أԿܳΪʱ߻ռߡ
ϡ١
٣ӦвһġַܿһĿ꣬ͨĻ򣬾20ͷ
ᣬܻеġ



2473 
˺ϣ
ڰɭУҹѪɫĺˮӲ˺һͷַΣսʽȴΪѪȣͫбޱȡ
ܽ߱ѵӪǰǿģ޲ǾпἫµս
ܻڣѾ֤ǵʵжֲ
̫٣Χ̫㣬Ҫ̽ѰסҹƾߵսڻҲ˿⣬Ϊо޻ʵĴڡ
Ȼоһ޻ػﲻ֡
£һ
Сģÿһ߱ѵӪǿߵ׼һɽһɽߣ˭Ҳ֪һᷢʲôҹӵǿսȻΪӪ
κһ

̫Ӵ
ַĵ죬ҵһ
ѰңһֱԴ̹̽Ѱ̫󣬱ʮΪ̹̽ѰΧС࣬ķѵʱҪ
죬ֻ̽Ѱ򲻵ٷ֮һ
ַ嵹ҲżԱΪģ̽ġ̽ٷ֮һôķһʱ̽ȫȻ̽Ҫ۵ö࣬ҲֻǶķʱ䡣
Ҫǣȫһ
޷ƥеĶ֣ҿ֮Сַ峢ԹݣʱػıݣԼ߾ȫ޷ƻ֡
ԼƻˣȻҲƻˡ
ңݵڼС޷룬˵޻ʡԣһȻıӻѵ֮ء
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һܼһѵ֮ء
Լ֪Լ£ַ֪ĿǰʵҪûƷıϣã
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ڲܣ֮󲻿ܣԼнĿռ䣬޻ûС
ֻҪ㹻ʱ䣬δܻɱ޻ʣܴͬػ£Ʒıõ֡
еıһ󡣡
Լ۸㣬޻ػģ롭
ǳ10000Ǳĳ
˵ƭ˵ġ
û˻Ӷ࣬Щ󣬲жܶһԼһֱ֮Ȫˡ
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Ϊ29999ǽ磬̫࣡
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ǰԼõһ죬
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ھջ̽ȫջж٣

ûϾַ巴Щ;սˣľʵǿܱƳԼȫʵ
Ķֻ࣬иտʼһͷ
֪澧ͻƶʮء
澧ַû̫뷨ͨһ30澧ɶһ60澧ûҵǰЩģѾҪġ
ȥ׬60澧ֻʱ⡣
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սʱ򡣡
ɱŶ򿵺ַѾû̫ġ
ôȫδ̽ģ˶ľ洦ɼһеһжôȻ
ߣʱԼͶŶڡ
ûһ򣬿ɡ
ԣ̫С
ַ벻³֮⣬ҹĳǿ߽˻򡣵ȻҹҲ뵽⻹һҲڻ
˴ˣ˭Ҳ֪ԷĴڡ
˿⣬ҪҲǿ̡
дľżսûһʵԴƩ統յҹޞɣսڷ
أ
ַٿͣ½Ų΢΢١
һּȵΣϯЩ亹âڱ仯·һ´ؽӽ



2474 ޻
޻ʣ
ַ˲ʱӦһɲ̱Ǽ۶ߡ̹ɢķ㹻һʺĵƬڰлȻʢ
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~~~
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գһҹޞɣʻ֮С
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ַĵͬù÷̹˲ΪĺԪ֮ػɹתأӲǴǶĻٵһ˿
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
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Ͳһ㣡
ȻҪǳǳСġַٴͷŴ̹򣬽Ѱ

رݡ
Ͼ޻ʣַ˾ӣԼﲢ޵Укܶ´ȫԼء
ò۵һʻ˭֪˿¡
ôһͷ޻ʣػĻ뻹һͷ޻ʣ򴥷ѣͷ޻ʿ϶УͷҲ˵һ
ӵͷ޻ʣҲ
һžԭ
̲ؿռ˺ַǳ̣Ϊ⵶м⡤ߺ͵м⡤Կռ˺ʮϣʱ侲ֹϳ̶ȴһ㡣
У൱ǿĽսɱУ쳣͡
У⡤ߡ
˺ͼ⣬ʱ趯˺ѣпռ˺ϣֹһȫܽһ㣡
У⡤
쫷ͼ⣬ʱһͺ쫷磬ֵ˺ѽ飬۹ΧɲǵĹǵеռ˺ϣ޷졣
йںϵľ飬һ°빦
ַ֪Ҫʲô
ϣ뵶еĸͬʱС
Ψпռ˺һ¥ﵽɣ뵶ϡ
дﵽԲ
ַԺиֳͷʻľ޻ʣսⰻȻ
ʧܣδǼ־
ȻԼ²ͷ޻ʵĶ֣Լеʱ䣬ƬЧѣֻҪԼɵĵУƾȫпһս
Ŀ꣬жַרעٶȸ졣
ʱḻҹֱȡλãַ岻ͬҹȻҲСģʵǱߣ޻ʶƥУСĸһ̬ȣıܼɡ
ı
ҵģ
ҹоâݡ



2475 
ৣ
ҹƴʱѴһĹأλڻλãɼ䲻ƽɭɭĺǣǷ·Եı䣬궼
ÿµĺ䣡Ϊ߱ѵӪǰǿĳǿߣҹ۷ˣֲĺӰ쵽ʶ
ɫɢԺ⣬ʱ׼
Ƭİǿĵҹƴʮ־
һ㣡
ǡ
ҹٿͣ͸ڵŨϡɼƬĹصλãһƵħһİ֮У
ر֮أ
ҹͫȫͬް֮ʱѪţıжļֵһ
ͨıѵӪ޷һֵ볬10000Ǳ㣡
ݼأıֵ10WǱ㣡
õıҲнѵӪǰʮĻᣡ
ս͵Ҷĵλ
ҰĲҹ׷Ϊţʱ޿̶ʵԼɱøǿһЩΪѵӪжһ޶ǿһ
ಣ
ҹƺԥħ
ûʲôñܼɣߵսͬ޻ʷͥɱ
ʵȻе
ħ⣬Ĺصķ·ԩڿϢƬŹֿµĵһͷڣʮֹ졣
ʱ䣬һͣ٣ֻʣɪͿɲľ
֪˶á
أ
ħҴ𣬿ռͺڰȼ˲ըѣը֮ѣֲϢ¶ɢһſ׹ƬĹ֮С
~~
һâ𣬰Ŵ̶ƿҹƵӰʱĹ֮УɫữУиռ䣬ʱûԭȵľǱûҵȻ
ȾѪƤ
ҹҧгݣɫѿ£˺൱ֲͺƱһ㣬ǱϢάһ׼ǿ֮ĩƾ־Ӳš
ôҹдŲʣһ˿־塣
˵壬Ϣһ⣬ܿʧƬĹ֮С

ռ˺ѣ
Уεķṩַ弫ѵıӻַ֮Ԥϵģûһͷܽ롣
Ͼ̫Ӵ
ַ԰ĵս
ͷʻ޻һսַ˺ǿĽȸкΣУﲢ޻ӵнɱǿս
һϵľ޻ʸպ޷ƶһأ
ðմ򣬵Լٴ°빦
ңҪõ޻ʳ绹Ҫԡ
ռ˺ѣ⾳
ৣ߳~~
ַһĥŵһ߸ռ䷨
ͬʱУãԼ֮ǰʱ侲ֹ뵶õľ飬ͬʱĸ򣬻ȷֿƸ󣬽ʡʱ䡣
ң߱ʱҪںϡ
ȻҪھͿʼһһۻռ˺Ѹʱ⾳ںϣˮɡ
ʵ򷴶졣
ҪӵĲ裬ҪôɹһɹֱӾһλ


һͷڱַ壬ٿһһ쫷ֱӴӱһܶսâ
һͷͨ巢ϬţĹʮ֧ụ̆غʵ·һսӺƽ涼̤ƽɫݶɱ⣬罫ַ˺Ƭ

ûԵ󡣡
á
򡣡
ַһЦֱӭȥ
ս͵ػӳûʱ侲ֹκθоޱȵĸɾ䣬һǳɣִ覵̲ɱŤ֣һ趯
̣̣
͵ϣںСɻ̶Ŀռ˺ߵ趯ÿһռ䶼Ƭ
𣡡ͨ巢ڵľҲʾ
һһཻɳƵʯ쾪սޱȼңէ¾ʵսֵȨʼַС
һһսѷ̫Ρ
ַ嵶ʮͷַ֮࣬澧39֮ࡣ

ǻ֮һΣ¶о޸֪֮С
һƣַñһơ
ҪȥҶ֣ñеĵΣһͷһͷžȻɱȡ澧;ԭˡ
ʵսַȻ
еȻƿһȴͷʮϬţĳַ֣Ļϲ
ȱģľԭˣַˬʴЦս뺷
Ĺشͷ޻ʣĹ羪κˣܿ㽫û



2476 ɻ
40澧
ַ忴ҲֱǱ޾
澧ԣһôҲûУٶռȥõ60źɣַһҲģҪģǾԭˣ
ľԭˣ
ãսиʮϬţ壬ȡһž£ӿľԭˣ޾ľԭַڽõš
һţǵţ
һţĿ̲ءɡľԭˡ
~ֱַʳ
ǰŴɻľԭ
ÿһξԭ˵̼һʱ䣬Чѵģ֮𽥼ֱڵȫĴҲ֮
ԣȻĶͬġɡԭˣÿһȫ¸ʵǳݰһһӡԽԽӽյ㡣Ϊһδεĸ򣬸ͬľ磬ʵЧǼѵġ
¸տʼʱַɾʵ൱Զ
̲شɻľԭ˺ȫͬ
еƿ״̬⾳΢£СɻѴͻƵıݣǷȱĽֻؼһֱӵġ
ͻ
Ŀžԭһ룬ַȫ͸

ˮɵͻƣ嶼Ȼɱ䣬ԻĸȫͬԼĸоͺͻȻһ̨ף͸
ɡ
ǴɵĻ
ַսӿСɵľ磬ȴϸۣΪ򣬹иϸ塣

ͬĵʩչںϵҲ
û뵽ĵδ͸ɻȴաַžԭˣӿڣһһϸ򣬹ǿͻƿĴɻ
ɻȻֻǸδ۷壬ǿһȴţƽǰ·
սĴɻɿȹⰵ죡
ս


žϣһϵƵѿһɫӰƼһ˫⾫ͫɱʣ֮ǰڻشҹơ
ħУǰδеĻ¬
Ǳűȥȴû뵽ѣһֲħ֮С֮˵ҹԲڻˣȻһ޻ʾ鷳ˡ
ϾҲƵĻָ谭
ԣҹɼʩչռ˲ƣȴӻ뿪Ƭѱ̽ȫ޸ơ
ֱָòʱٽ
֪ν򣬾㲻ضʩչռ˲ƣһδ޽롣
򣬾ΪҶڡҹƲżû˸ɰĻָƣȫ׼ٳ
ֻ
һεƣЩء
һ޶طָָֻ˳ɡ
ħۣ̫֮ҡ
˳ҲˣֻҪٽħطҶ̽ѰҹƲǲָʮɣֻʱ䲻ֶ룬ҪָųɣҪʮʱ䡣
ҪָʮʮҪʮꡣ
߼ս˳ʵͬӦ޻ʣµħطƽأԾͬɱ
̽˵˳ɺʮɣ𲢲Ǻܴ
Ȱõֵõ˵ҹƾḻ֪¸ʲô
£һġ
һ˵ؽأ
һǿ߻ɱ̭أ
ԣ̫ࡣ
˲ħطŸɫıԼֵ˵൱ڼбۻ
ܴ
~Ӱһҹʩչռ˲ƣһν

ڶν룬ҹ·
ħƬڰĹصΧʼ̽
һҧʮ¾
ҹħĺڰĹҲٽ룬ҹ֪Ǵʼ½
ԣȴλõıա
߳߳
ĺɫỮƿռ䣬ҹƼȻ˲һƫ˺ڰϢӿ֣絶
һͷ
䣬ҹƺԥ׼˵ɱһͷȴʱͣ£ҹüͷһšڿС
Ծ
ͷȻңҹƸеޱȾ棬ƬУÿһͷ߱ȻǷɱ¾顣
Ȼͷ߾룬ȴ޶ãĿ¶׹⣬һ򼲳۶ȥ
ԣֻһ
Уߣҹޱȡ



2477 ʶ
ɻ
ȻֻǸ򣬵ַսɱһ̨ףµĴɻɿȹⰵܣ൱ھŽ׿ռʱط߼Ĺ
룬Ҫﵽ£кܶ·Ҫߡ
ˣַսҲǿһ󲽣ԭǻżĲΣǿһһɱһԶΪѣڡ
һԶ׾٣һҲڻ¡ַսһЦ
ȫż൱ǱѵӪְǰһǿߡ
κη涼ǽɻ£Ҷӵ߲εսѵӪְǰʮǿߡ
ǳѸ١
ѵӪУʵһС
˵ΨһһԪԼ޶ȵرֳܻõӶ˵أøԴӶ
ڣҵսѾڻ̡
Ȼְϣңңȣӵд֣ȫпܽԽΪһԪǿˣ
֮ǰûϣ
Դʵսֱַ׷Ŀ׼ְλ
˰һ5000Ǳ㽱
˰ڶֻ3000Ǳ㽱
ֻ࣬2000Ǳ㡣
͸¶ѶϢ˴ﵽһġжĽ2000ǱĲַڶĽڴ
вδ͸¶ԪﵽҲǷëǣΪ
⽱Ψ˰λĳˣſܻá
á
ɻҵļ⵶ĵ൱ϡ
ַһֱԼĵ
൱⵶ǰУĵںϿռ˺ѣ͵ĵãʹɻȻֶϾõͺƴڣȫ¸
У⡤ߣӦʩչַ岻ԾʩչԴ̿գ˺ڶ·˺ſռ䣬ëȻ
һδεʩչһδεһͨɻĸַඥ
ʱļµĸоϮ
ʶ
أأأ~
ңַ˫ͫ͵صɴսɲǼѿͨİɫâƬĺԪͷţš
ͣ
һӰȳ֡
޵ĺڰ͸ĺɱϢռ輫ڣѸĴڣͷ·ǿռ֮ӣռĻ츳ˡ
߳µĹſռ𵴣ֱɱ
ҹƣ
߱ѵӪְ95λĳǿߣӵߵսָֻ˳ɣҲ㲻СԶɱַǿ
һ֣Ѽ¡

ַӲһУǺ󳷣Ǵ͸Ĺ͸սֱסڰĴ͸ǿĳ޲֤ҹƵǿΪ߱ѵӪĳǿߡ
Ž׿ռطַ尵ݡ
߼ĹŽ׿ռط൱һռȫ߱ͻƳΪռߵʸֻδϡ
ˣս츳߼ս
ⰵ죡
ɻ
ʱ侲ֹطŵ˲ʱֶַѸٷͲԷսʤԼĶ֣ҪԹԹ
ޣ
ҹƺͫһâַʵһЩԾ
ԭ־ڱصãӦɻɱǰİǱѵӪߣԷȻЩǱȴȻסһУٶȷ롣
ս飬൱ḻϳɡ
ৣৣ
廯һӰڰУҹȫǿռƽأʱ侲ֹκãΪ
ݣ
һӰмֿʱҹƣһԾϸĺɫռ乲˺һƬĿռ䣬ַĺֱ̹顣
ͷĺɫ֣һģһ۷ǽ
ҹƣͬʽֱַߡ
ʱһɫ֣İɫëʹĻַΰһķİɫ᲻ɴݣ·޾ëۣѸٵСС
ϵķ𹬡
ƸĶַ弫ʹãһʹã֤š
ѾƵޡ

ǽֱķ𹬣ַĹҲ˲ʱչҹƾǿ󹥻սĹâǽѹƣ꽻Уַ弲ٺ˶ȥ
ۿռ裬ַ岻ҹƣٶȴ㲻ҹѷɫ
ӣҹ˫˺ѿռ䣬Ѹ׷ϡ
Բǰ룬Ȼֳһ뱦



2478 ոպ
ǿַܵ˲ء
屾ĸԭҲָܺܿʵ֮ǿȷʵԶԶԤǿĹԼκλᣬռѹơ
֤һɣӲٶ
ַףһţﵽ߼Ķ֣ȴԵЩǱΨһܷΪʤֻйעһ깥ļھء
ϧ֮ǰʩչŸոջָ90%
ָ˳ɺٶȻ𽥼ĻָһԽҪָ۷״̬ԽѣϾ֮ǰĵ̫ࡣ
ԣַҪӡ
Ķ֣µԼδ㹻ʵȥ⡣
Ψеȵɻӵߵսʱһϸ¡
ַȻţԸ
ٶȺܿ졣ַüͷ΢šԼٶȾ۷ǿһģֵٶ˿ֹ츳ռǼǿ
˦
˫ﵽ˻Ƶļٶȡ
鷳ˡַ尵ݣԼҲζܵϾǻ̲ŴζܵڰԼıӡ
˭ã
һһбǵҲԾκα仯ԼǶԷںһͷͷ
ֻôˡַܿ

׷
ҹɫ䣬һ׷ᡣ
κһѵӪߣҹòǼ֪бۻȥǼıֵ붼20000Ǳϡ
ȥһ룬൱ȥ10000Ǳ㣡
ңԷͨĳЩضĻڿɸƵĽ롣ȫİ֣ƩǱѵӪǿߡѿɿɡ
ҹȻʵоţΪܶսѿɿɡ
ԣԾٶȻɱ۵棡
һϳʱ䣬׳ֺܶҹƵľ֪Ϊ̫ࡣ
׷ϣ
һ࣬ٶôô죡ҹƸеţǿȫͬ򷴶һ㣬ȴǿᣬȫħսֶΡ
ħ岢ٶȼٶȴ뺷ޱȡ
þȫҲֻ˦
ѵҪѪҹһԸ⣬òײŻָ˳ʵʹѪսСָӻ
ʹѪͻ׷ս
ΣյǣԷܻ֣ܿʱʧȥƣ鷳
ɶ񣡡ҹΪѣҧгݡ
߱ѵӪǰٵǿߣᱻǱѵӪһδıߣƳ
ƴǲƴ
ٵȵȡҹƻĴһֽңǱƲѣѪΪ˵ͬҪÿһʩչѪҪĴʱ䡣
Ĳ

һ׷սڻչ
ַҹжд㣬ƺ˭Ҳȱ¶ͬٶȣûҲûԶ˴ƺڵһᡣ
⣡
ܻһĳ֣ƽ⡣
ˡַȻ׷ţȴžΪĻָѾ90%ֻǳôһ㡣
ԼڵΪǿʩչļھأ۴ʯ١
Ϊʣǿ־Ҳѱѡ
ǱƵַ岻Ըô
Լһ·ߡ
ޣַüͷٿһأо˵ı仯һԺڵ͸ĳȻ˲һ룬øռ˺ء
ڹ⣬͸һѪҺ죬ȼһҹƵǱѪޱȡ
츳ѳᣡ
ѹıܹѪ츳ѳᡯһɫ䱡һ룬ͺһѵһԿռи˺Ѹӿ£Ǿˡ
ֹٶȣ
ҹƣٵȡ
ȥûκκôʵٶһ㣬ҲʧءǰԺѲʶ뽫ս־ԼС
䣡
вԤС
ݣҹͻȻ٣ַӲһķһѿ飬׵ֵַɫһףٴ룬һҹȻǲں
ٶȣһ
˲䣬׷
ಣ
Ѫͫҹһι֮ǰ죬赲ǽ˫֣ͷľ޴ſº˺ҧַ塣
ҹƲûע⵽˿ַı仯
һֱ׷ȴδκηȻַ硣
ҹڵȴᣬַͬš
£ʱ
ʱˡַͫһ侫â
ոպá



2479 ҵ
ৣ
ַ˲ĸı䷽ԵЩȻͺһٶֱ߱ʱȴͻȻ͵ع˸ʮ䣬ȴһࡣ
ţҹ΢΢һḻսܲһ˿Ծ
׷ٶȼ죬ĺɫỮƿռ䣬ַλñ任ҹƼعʶзӦȻȻ
߳
һѵƿռ䡣
ҹƵĹѸͣٶȱ֮ǰҪƺ޷ַ壬һԽشʧȥս
ҹֲԤС
أ
´ط޴ʯһʺĵȻ֣ƬڰлȻʢȻɴͫҹƣͻȻı仯Щɣֲ
߳߳
ǽ˲ʱı䷽򣬴ʺĵ˽ӽٶٿҲĵǰ٣
ռ䣬أ
ǿķһͷ޾ûҹƣеĺɫ¶ʹı飬ͬʱҹ˺ѷε
̫
һͷʺĵīھޣʱӴȫֲϢȵչַ㣬ΪһθӽսӸֲ
ûҹơ
ַվһߣɫƽȻ˵ˣ޹ʹ
ҹƵĲ״⣬һͷ൱ֲľ޻ʣ޷ƶͿǾ޻е̳
գԼԶʱ˴
ҹƼ汻ͷ޻ʴס֪Ȼ޻ͬûǻۣǵʵۿۡ
ÿһͷ޻ʣӵߵս
õҿŴ̹򣬾Զַ俴ʱĵڵĲսӱѷϢʺĵұ仯ȫܸоõ
ҹƣ
޻ʣͬƴȫ
ǶĵԼֻѻ췦߱ѵӪǿȷʵֱȻڷ
޻ʣƺɱ
ৣַͫţսżҹȵսϢż¹ЩӵӰƬԺвϻطţһһ飬ʺĵұ仯ɱʶռ仯˺ѣһսö
飡飡飡
ÿһûֱꡣ
սͨ͸Űɫâɻ壬ɲǼż¹âʱʺĵŤǳܲסǿ˺ѣҲ
žžϣ
ͣ~~
ʺĵĻ˺ѿ޻ңʱһǿĿռڰϢ֣ԡѪϢȶȴ͸һ˿
ҹƣ
߼սֻа˳ɣͬ߼ս
ںڰħҹܴͷ޻ΧдѣԲܱһͷ޻סơ
࣡ҹĿĵַ֮ǡ
ƻ࣬䱾δԭʵϼˣ޲ýʬΡ
ڴʱ
ϣ
ճڣּߡ
µĹâ˵ҹ֣һƬ貵ļ⽫޾ɫʻһ쵾޴Ķߣ趯ÿһμرö˺ѣߵŤƬռ˺𵴣һռƬ֣֮иҹƵ塣
ۣͣ߳߷
Ѫ񽦣µŴɻıҹƾʹģ类ǧУ쳹Ѫͫ¹
䣡
ըѣɫâ֣ռԭ˺ѵƬ𣬺ըϣľ޻׵壬ܴĵʱήīɫѪһ俪
ۣ
ַҲܻо޻ʵס󲿷ֺը׵ػȻⱬƵըˣֻ˵ˡ
࣬һģ
Уҹ˻ŤֲӣȵըصƬ֮УҹƵϢʧӰ
ˡ
ǡַ岻̾
ӵпսǿߣ̫Ѳ
Ȼܻ߱ѵӪ̣ǿղľ棬ͬսߣʮ֮˾Ҫ䣬ȴûС
áַս¶ŨŨս⡣
Ķ֣ԼһֱȴģҪܵģ
ҵ㡣
ַҹȥķȽս⡣
ͻԼڻһ֣һˣԼʵаһס
һټһ潫ַһαս֮է֣ļ⵶ֶռ䲨ң˲˺飬ֱȡѱشľ޻ʡ
У⡤ߣ



2480 
~~~
޾ıгһ÷ӰҹơŤޱʹ࣬ѪĴ󱬷ֹҹƾʹ˺飬޿תĴˡ
һεˣ֮ǰذٱ
뿪ҹƶҪԪʱָӵеǱ㣬뿪ܶһָԱܽʡࡣ
ˣʧҲǼҪǡ
ָܻսޣۿۡ
ָ״ѣҲҪʮ֮ãָܷ˳ɶһδ֪֮
ɶ񣡡ɶ񰡣ҹŭȻôҲ벻Լ߱ѵӪǰǿǿߣӵ߼սһǱѵӪǰԱ
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2481 е׷
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2492 ͬݽ
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ɫβ䣬ɺͷɺԵ촽һɫâգ۱ʧ



2493 ٻ
ৣ߳
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սɢ貰׹⣬֮Уÿһιܴһͷ޵ǲб޻Ǿһȫһ
𣡡޴һͷͷ­ޱȾ޴Ĺӵ˻Һɫëʱ·ˣ

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2494 ôˣ
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2495 ǰʮ
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߱ѵӪĳǿߣȻôãӲôְ77Ŀֲڡ
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2496 ׳ɣѴ
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ǰʮԼĿ꣬Լֲߣ200򶼲δûᣬΪǻķʽͬҲѵӪĻᡣ
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Σһƴ˵
ʵĵԴ
ַԼսȾѵӪǰʮԶԶ߳

һ·ַۣδԭˣΪҪϡ
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2497 һ׷Ŀ
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˵˫һһ裬Ҫһ10000Ǳ㣬Ҫ2000֣˼ܴڡ
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2498 ϳ
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2499 ⵶
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2500 ͬ
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2501 ܣ
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2502 ˣ
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2503 ־ɳ
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Ŀֱָ꣬ǰΪǰĿԼѾ80%
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2504 ͱˣ
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2505 Σܲ
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2506 ڸ
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2507 ǿ
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2508 лл
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2509 ְǰʮ
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2510 ҴһϢȥ
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2511 ƣ
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2513 ̫˰
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2514 Ӯˣ
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˲Լȴ֪֮Ի䣬ҪΪԼ깥ļھؼɱ顣
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2515 ޵
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2516 ջ
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2517 ͽ
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2518 ̫ô
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2519 
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2526 Ƕ
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2527 
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2528 ߣ
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2529 ıǩ
71288
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ŵ׼ȷ˵Ӧߣֻǵ߱Ƚ٣һߣħħߣߣȻƲͬʶͬ
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2530 ׵
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žַԥֱץס׵ǵĵһɱɬϢ˲ʱӿһϸ̺ۿƣһƵľ⣬·»
أأأ
Ƿ·׵ǵԼһ
õַ֮󶯣ϢӿԺȻַκãǿ־Ԧ׵ǣ׾١
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2531 ɰգ
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2538 
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2539 ʺϵ·
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ҪǾ飬츳޼
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2540 ͳһĽ
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սʱûãַѯǱ޾Уʲôʱıٿؿһ֪ʲôʱ򱻹档
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2541 Թ
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⡤ըʤһ
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2542 ֻǶ˶
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ڵļԪʱδյַΪͽ˶Σ˻ΪͽʱĻǽַĳǿߣﵽ91ʵǱǲס
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ʱΪ㣬ʱɢɳʱ࣬٣٣´ַ̣ƿУǧÿһ붼ָ
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2550 ֻܿԼ
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2551 ǿ
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2552 ֮
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ͽͻƻ֮ļ99%ʮȫգַָƣͽȫɳΪһߡ
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2553 ս
лʦַ˸Ҿ
Լܳɾ֮꣬ʦҲ㣬Լʳĸĵر۸Ѿ100000羧
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2554 ΰ
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һǽ磬μӵǱսֻ͵10Ƕ˵ģзǽԶֹһ죬Ѿʮδˡ
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2097152ˡ
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2560 
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2563 
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2564 һ֪
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ǰ꣬һǱĹھ
·ղŵĻϿһΣַȻƵĶսռ䣬ժѲ֪ȥ򣬴֮Ī⡣
Բ࣬ᣬӡԼĿڡ
Դߣ̫йأ
ԴߣΪӣһ֮·
Լ֮ǰоǵõժ֤ʵһ޷ͷĲ·
⸣У½档
һĵ·ΪУΪɵѰ֮·
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ժһϯַŨŨ档
ףγΪԴߣףԴ߲ʲôܣףԼ᲻ΪԴߣ
֮ôַ



2572 ǿ
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зǽҲߺͿҲɿĻˣǽӴǽߣæýͷöȴæÿġ
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ȫǿߣܻɱġ̫򣬰ʦַ֪ѶϢǰࡣ
Ȼǰ߰Ԫѵһȴʵڵġ
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ӿɽ̡˫ֻأŴпַ̿壬ص˵ͷͽܣ120%⣬κһ涼һ
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ΪûҪ
ϹħӦİɣַĿаȻȥ޾ԪûκβϢܸоõɫϹħǿ
룬ǿߡ
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ַ˼붨ϹħǻĻ˼ٿأۻַ˻Ҳժˡ
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ĿһģӣȻһɫսҵԪ˧ͷм͹ǽǣŵİƣǿ׳ͬһ㡣
Ӵ󣬵ÿһ缡ⶼӡǣ湲屾һĻ壬ǿ˲֪򱶡
һͷ·һɸ֡

μˡַ幧
񡣡𱳸˫֣Ŀɨַ壬ɫϹħ񣺡ժָ㣬֮أϧʼ޷ĻȪ
ַĿһݡ
Լʦ𴦾ѵ֪֮أڻȪؾģ
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ħʬ֮áߵɫϹħԣᴥʬɢһ
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ܸͬܣ˵ԼҲ״š
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ͨˡ
ǿһߵ֮šĿͶַ壬Щ֮ɫȵյѣܽĻȪ
мǣνǿ֮·ֹһ



2573 ȥ
ͷƿĿǰ֪90%ؾ
Ҫͷö࣬Դģֻͷʵϣͷ֮ҲûпȥôжڱƴֻҪ߲СС֡
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˵֮Ȫȷʵ󣬱ϾЧȻҶһ޶
˵֮ͨȪҲͨϾЧֻǻָǡǵ߱û̫๺֮Ȫǿߣַͬһʡػ硣
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ķ֮ȪͬļǮܹüžǡ
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ȪؾΪӶеؾ߶ЩǺϤԼҪȪؾ֮أԲʦ
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ǣʦַ幧񣬵뿪
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ַ֪ǰȪؾ㲦Ҳ׼֣Ӧ̫ġйء
ɣַ㽫Ϊ̫ĵͽܣǰ;
겻ɡ
ȥܳ벻ɣһΪʦΪʦĿ⾫տӰ漴ʧ

Ȫؾѡ
ȫڵӶ˵ؾʶֱ̫ӵĴַͨ屾Ѿס̫ȥ˷֤
ǱھһͷȰͽܷء
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~ַ彫һ񿨷ŵһˢ¶ѶϢʹ漴ڹԱĿֱӽ롣
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˵ôأԭսĹھ
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˵ҲǣȪؾҲ֮ЩΣգطͨ߶ƽء
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ȥʲô
ַ壬ȥѰҴ𰸵ġ
Դ߶ַԣ²ֻ̫񣬾û̫棬ַҲ֪Դߵײʲôܡ
Ϊʲô涼û߳ΪԴߡ
Ϊʲô־ųԴߡ
ΪʲôֻԼϣΪԴߣ
Уײʲôܣ
κεĶһ޶һ󡣡ΪʿǺʿַǿñ˭ǿһǿ֮·ǲ
ַ忴һ֮·
ʱ߸ǿȻ߸ǿ
ֻڣԼ֪̫١
ʱ֮شʮ߼Ԫδҵ𰸣뿪̤֮·ַ̤봫󣬰ɫâͨ
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ķ170Ԫ1700ԪҶҵ𰸡
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׹ǼӰ͸űǿľģַ漴ǰȪؾ
ײǽͷ
ǲǽߣ



2574 Ȫؾ
ַ壬ֻȪؾ
ǰ׼ڶܵϢмȪؾһУһѾû̫ܵؾ
ΪȪؾڵʷ̫ƾá
һЩ±ֵؾкܶδ̽ĵ򣬿ܻоϲȪؾѾԪÿһ䣬̽ȫ
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Ρַ尴ֹͭɫ̣ͼ
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ԻȪؾĴСֻ֮ռݲ׺һڵĴСȻ֮أҲǵͼΨһһšĵ
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֮ȪڻȪؾ䣬ѰҲףҼֵߣϾ1μֵ100澧1ƿҲ10000澧
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һߣҴ10羧ң澧1000澧
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ԣȥѰ֮Ȫģǿߡ
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ԼҲȥҲڵӶչ˸߼չԼһϣ11000羧
1000ʦġǮ
10000羧˽˽ģΪԼսھ
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һٺҲ100羧
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ģսߣ൱еǿߡ
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һս񶼺ٳûս֮ضѼһ棬ʶȪؾǺܰȫģǲ֮أߣԱ
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Ϊо˿ռĲսļ
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ʶвרΪĥ¶ɱˣƾѪӡܴӵӶжһ澧
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Ȳþ̫࣬ʧȥԻȪؾƿأֲþ̫٣ΪʽڲͬΪڲͬʽϻȪؾŻᵮ֮Ȫ
ͦҵġַһ˲ƣϿա
·һӶ飬ʮսʿ֣쳣ȡ
ʮսʿսʮսߣ൱ǿԼʮǿߡ
֧Ӷ飬ǿɡ



2575 
Ӷ࣬ǿԼһɣʵֲܾȣλȻԾǿߣȴȫռϷ硣
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еħ壬óͲôӴ󣬵ͷƿظѡ
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2576 ǿôǿģ
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2578 ֮
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2579 
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2580 岿
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2581 ɱ˵
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2584 Ȫ
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ƩڶȪϲ䣬սǿһսѽӽ9000ֿȭҪҲס
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һԻɫţǣŨŨϢͷžŵ֣װɫ۷սףǲǻΨһһս𡪡
䣡
ֻսʿиŬǳΪսĻ־ʱ޿̲˲䣬Ϊǿߡ
޴䡣
͵һֻ֮ͣһִ̤룬۷ϢоЩһȴĪмɵ
۷ߡһ㶣漴Ц



2589 Ȼ𣬻ɱ
սսЩңֻһ۷࣬˿ظ
Ҳ¡
ǵĲεȻԻͣ36ϲжŵϺţǱһһݻ٣ǿ߲ϱɱأҪһ¾ǵĲҪ̫ˡ
۷ߣǻЩģϾ϶ܷӳǱǿʵ
һ۷δɵ꣬ûʲôˡ
֣Ǽս׸㶨룬ĸսֱɱѸٻɱꡣ
ԹۣҲȷʵûֵĴ㡣
Ըһ۷СһﻹҪ֣̫ˡ
߳߳߳߳
ٿȻ䣬ĵҫ̻ÿһУȴľȻɴ۾

һ˲䣬⸲ǣĸսնɱڵϡ
㻹֮ûС
ʲô
Щ£ʷ̫ͻȻԶԶûĻ棬ۼ꾶ֱƽıȴ޾ս⣬Ȼѡ
䣡
ͬ
ÿһϵɱ䡣۷֣˺֮񣬾˲չ־ս
Ȼǿ

µĳ汬
ôܣޱȣǵ۵۷ǿ˫ȭ飬͸ֱֱۣȫⰵŰ
䣡䣡䣡
է֣׹䡣
׵ǵȫӼ£⡤ǵ־䣬κηĻᣬ˲䣬£ԶžޡѡŰ
۷壡
ɶ񣡡
ɵߣ
ԡѪľгޣоǲʣһδιʧȥȨԷĵˣǵ
ףôҲסǿֲһһ
ʵ߲٣۱۷ĲʵĴб
˻صڻ֮УأըþδƽϢһǿкȻ
ǰ۷࣬ͷ·һ㡣
ɱ˾䣡
ӣ
ӵü죬·𾭹һ㣬ǶȷɢһչʮаսΨһľսˣӻʲô

ˡ
ߣɱ֮
˹Ӳдǻʲô
Ȫؾֻһ107䶼ܶͶ㣬㲻˾ս򲻹ӣûʲôöġ
ʷѾԪ
ƺһɱһ𼶱ǿߣûַе̫˷ܣ·һ΢¡
ʵϣҲȷˡ
ַܶΣɱǿԼʲôоɱʵƽ
Ϊûоϲ
ʵﵽһ̶ʱһж˳ˮȻ
ǿĶӣַ岢δ׷ϣɨÿһҪսǾսҪӣǾɵӡ
ַҲôϲɱ¾ߣû塣
ҲûԹ
ӵͲͬ䲼õҲַͬһɨȻСܿܶණ
֮ǰɨ30Ȫϲʵкܶ๲ͨ㣬ס޵ʯһͷ·ǵѪһʯƽ
䣬סķݣһְɫĽɢС
ݵʽķƼ״ƴǵĸ߹ѪС
ÿһ䷿ݶΧһξ룬µ԰
ϲ䣡
ַȻûκ֤ݣо
ԪѰҵĵ31䣬ӦܴԸ
ȻԻȪغַܿ¸֪ģϢܡ
֮صܣȪ֮·ܣԴߵܡ
Լû´ڻϲһмء
ৣַȲ
ܿһƼ伮ȻҪĿ꣬ɨ30Ȫϲ䣬ַԾǺͨ͸ǿ߶Ի
ԣ֮ǰɱǸսǰĲ˻ԼҲö
ԷΪԼڸʵ۷Ϣƭ
ʱ򣬸ýҿһЩˡַѰʮƼʱջﲻ伮ر࣬ҼҲĴ
ӦǸսľס֮
ַһЩ۷սɱá
ʵֻǳȻҪԸͨߣҲ׾١ǾѹƼѴ´ࡣ
ϲ䡣
֮ء
ַ巭һϵ伮



2590 
ᣬʮӡ
֮Ѫ֮ҫ磡
֮Ӣ겻ɢָ֮Ը־նƷ


־
Ʒ
ַȻһͷˮӵ伮ȻȡϢٲȻȪϲûеġһһֻ֧
Լ֮ǰ²λͬ
һ伮ǼŻʷ׵ȵȣڸʮӡдѶϢ֮١
ԽԽ˷ˡַɨһ伮Цѡ
ԭδ⿪µţġ񡯵˭ôͻȪؾʲôϵͻȪ֮·᲻ʲô
˵ڻȪؾģ
֮⣬ΪǵȺģȪؾ֮Թ죬Ϊ߱
߼ܴȺȺӦòֹһ塣
Լ֪Ĵߣͷһλ࣬ժ˵ɢߣֻһ봴ȺҲȺĬĬš
Լδ
ҹªţʵ̫ͰɡַȻһЦҲδ̫⣬ϾֻԼ̽ĵһϲ䣬õѶϢҲ
֮ǰɨȪϲ䣬Ϣܣȫ⿪֣Ҳڵʮ֮
Լӵ㹻ǿʵȫɨڶĻϲ䡣
ʮңа¡ַ彫һڰƼȫѰһ飬õѶϢԱȪϲҪ࣬Ȫأɽɷȵȣϸء
ԭȪصĺģǿ顣
صԴ顣
ܹ108صԴ飬Ѷʧ롣
صԴ飬лȪء
ȪؾһʼΪӶƿأ108صԴ鶪ʧһЩʮ֮˾ŶڵӶ
ЩԴأҲӦúܹأǻֻҲδΪá
ѹ֮ǰȪϵصԴ飬ȪػȻһ壬ΧһƣӦǵӶ£δߡ͵ԡ
ַܿס
µЩصԴ飬ֻԾãʶӶδȫȡߣһ޷ʹãƿؾ塣
ԼҲ޷ʹصԴ飬ѲԼջȪص
ɽصԴΪɡ
һߣͬĻ
108صԴ
ַ尵ݡ
صۣ
108
˵͡ûϵйˡ
˵ָġ񡯾صôߣַЩɣ޷ȫ϶
ȻȪأɽҪٺܶࡣ
Լɨ30Ȫϲ䣬ɽܹ3ͻȪصԶ
صԴȻ޷ΪãصԴ̲صһ˵ߣ棬ô㷺
ַס
ԣӶߴ󲿷ֻ֣һСָ崫ʹá
ص۵ıƺֻ
ַ巭伮ûнܣҲû֮ءǱֻֻ֣ʧӶսɡ
ԣ̫ࡣ
ɷԼ²ӦԡȪ֮·Ȼԣڵ伮صģΪԨ
Լ϶ԨǻȪ֮·㲻ǣҲ൱ܵϵ
֪Ԩλã伮вδмأУҪռɷһǾ˲ֻǲ֪׼ȷλúռʱ䡣
Ҫȡɷرá
ʵҲʧΪһ־岿ķַ֮һҪҵڵص֮µĻϲȪϲ䣬ʵѡ
Ҫҵ֮ء̶λáľɷʵпܵġ
ֻ֪ɷλãȵɷ֣֪׼ȷʱľǿ߱ᵽ԰׾ƿռȻ󷵻ز䡣
ʱ򣬱Ըǣҵڡ
ȻʱӦȪҲʧΪһð취ַǲ֪֮ǰʵ¼
ײϾɷ
Ԫ֮ضطܶʵѱ
ħڻ֮ҵ岿䣬ľ
á
ķΣԺܴҲ޷жϾ岿ʵǿûлʵʵкܴΣԡ
ˡе伮ַʼѲߡ
յ伮ԣ36ϲ䣬ÿһлȪشڣӶ˲δսɡ֮⣬ܻһЩ֮أȪϲûеġ



2591 
ַܿҵȪأȪصյö࣬ЩӦˣصԴ֣Ȫϣַ֪®ɽĿ
صԴ飬ȪϲҪࡣ
ϲȻͬ108صԴҲ𡣡
ԣӶֻȡһͨصԴ飬ҪصԴ崫Уܺᡣ
صԴ飬Ҫ
ûصԴ飬ûлȪء
ַչȪص֪ҪԣԾ˵ͬػһѻûȻʵ
ԭΪȪѾձͣû뵽к볡ַЦŽȪأ·ֻԵĶԲӶࡣ
һ˲䣬粨ӿȪȫصԴ˸
һµա
ԲһνȪأϲصԴ黹Ų׹ЧȪϲ֮յĻȪҪࡣ
⣬36֮һ
35šƿԽԽϸֻ0.01Ƕ弫µƿأǱô򵥡
ƿԽȣܷӳǿ
֮ǰƿֻ7ڵ9.6ȫ֮𣬵ĸϸ㲻ֹһ
ߵĹ׷Ǽ
磬磬
9.7
ƿأԽԽӽ¡
ȻԽԽѣַкԼ36ŴصԴȪֻһ룬ƿر10
1.3ѾԶԶ༫ޡ
Ϊ࣬ô󣬾ô٣Ҳﲻûʮȫʮ嶼иóġ
ǣ
ַߵͷȻӿ졣
һӴĿ̲һ޵־ƿߣԽԽǿңǿѹ˹ڵء
̤
ַվ
ĿһɫʬϿխֱ֧ۣ˫նȫûκι󣬵Ǿ߹ȴ̲žͷ·Ļ
ʲô
ĸǿߵʬ壿
ߣ
Ǵߡַժˣǲժ˵ʵ壬Ϣȫͬǳ֮⣬ҲӦ
ңԼΪӶ˻Ὣһߵʬ֮С
ȵȣ
֮أ
Īǣ񣿡ַ֮һɫ䲻֪˭кֱԼӵ־Ĺʮ֮˾žǡ񡯡
ԣⲢͨߣǾǿߡ
ңʬֻãͻʷ£Ԫʬԭʵж£
ֻԼĲ²⣬ڻĵ伮вδἰ
ѵ˵һǿߣһƺţ
ȻΪλĵ伮ֻδ᣿
˵Լ´ˣɫʬ
Ϣǲַһ۲ɫʬδ̫Ҳδȥ
׹̲ص־ԼֵܵǿߵʬǼò£οᷢʲôԤϡ
Ӷ˶áԼν֦ڡ
׹ʬʲôã
еϹħʬǷҲȡģַ尵߽һҿ϶ΪϹħĹϣû־ֻؿڴлš
ߣƺͬ
˵־ǿԱģ
۲ãûջַЦһоԼ̽Խ࣬Խ࣬˿˿ƵĻ㼯ȱһĴ𰸡
ժ˺ҵԭɡ
ԴԵǾһҵ𰸡
ַǾ׹Ǻʬһۣ漴뿪Ѱ
û䣬ձ벿Ȫϲʮϣͷ·ûĻ壬ȻѲ࣬ȻŻϺɡ
Увϡصعʵ
Щ߶ΪƩǿǿʵصعʵַ֪ż۸һ˵ҲҪʮ羧
ϲ䣬ȷʵԣöࡣ
λãջȪҲȪϲѣרŵ֮أۼȪַĴһδȪϲѰұı
ϧȭ
ѽ
ַ巢ȭͼϣԼĵߣרԼĦ򵶷Уȭһϲͨ
ƺȫһһȭⷽǵͬġ
Щͨռ䷨Щͨʱ䷨ЩرͻַɨʮȪϲ䣬
ڤڤУƺԢʲô



2592 
Ѱ䣬ȥʱ䡣
һνȪϲһͬײĲȻͬϢͱַڻõǲƣǸԶŵϢ岿ϣǽ⿪š
֮̽ļϲ䣬ϲûôˡ
ҲȪϲ䣬ϾԪȪϲӵоսǿߣֻ࣬Ψһһս൱ڳȻ
սջȪǱȰսˡ
ַǰջȪٶȵĶνģʮְȫϿжϳһǿߵʵۻϲ仹ȪϲʵһֻͬѪѡ
Ƈ䣡
ַҵĵϲ䡣
һߡַվһɫʬǰĿʬͻһȻͬһߣͷ­⣬ֻͫһԳ
ͬǣɫ̲ͬһǿ
־
Ƿ·֮ˣԪδʱ䳤ӰϢͻһʬǿޱȡ
Ҳ񣿡ַƺһЩ
ϲ䣬̲־ĲʬȻɺϣǣϲжĹʬڡ
ԣűΪ֮ء
ֻЩνġǴģôĳִУ
ӵǿп˵޵Уôģɱģֻɱս
ǡ;йأ͡йأ
ַ۲á
ʬУжϲ̫࣬䱾ʧʣµĸ־Աԭʵֻ֪ǿ
ܣʦǿַδ̫Ԫǿ߸Ǹ߲ʡ
߲εʵЩϤֻܴŹ⡣

ϲʵڽǿһս𣬽սַҲ𽥸оѹһȪȻǿ꣬սʵš
ڰһʬ
ʮҲһʬ
ʮʬ
岿䡣ַĿ⾫տϲ졮塯ǸڰӣҲԼ̽ѰĻϲУߵһ
ϿԿ϶ԽߣѪԽŨʵҲԽǿ
ͬʱ䲿̲صϢҲԽࡣ
Եһ֮ʮһϲ䣬䲿죬жڻ֮󡣹ʶƲﲻ㣬Լջ񵽵ѶϢʵϸ֦ĩڣࡣ
һΣȻͬ
ᣬ壡
и־ɱ޺

伮мصѶϢַ֤жϡ
֮ǰЩ̲ء־Ĺɣ֮ǰԼΪһص壬һ֡Լ֪֮󣬴𰸱֮
񣬲һ壬һ
ͷ
ȻͷӦһλ൱סϾЩʵԼƽ۷Σ㲻ԪҲ˶١
ԣڻô
ΪʲôҪԸ壿
ΪȪؾᣬֻ
岿ĵ伮УصȻǺܶࡣ
һܼ̣Ȼһ棬ԭӦлȫûаӰ
ӶˣȫƿŻȪؾ
صԴ飬壬Լ֮ء
ȻûлҵһϲȪϲ䣬ջļֵȻơ
ַҲ֪ûôס
Լĸ֪ƾ֮궼ѸӦȪ˵ߡӦȪҪѰ岿ϼѣջ
ҵƿؿ쵽ˡ
ϣٳż䡣
ÿһɨʵҪԽߡ
ַڱϾֻ۷壬ȻȼѴﵽȻΣⲢսﵽΣֻ˵ǻż
ĳȻƿػʤϣ
ʮ
ףػػȪڣַ岻΢΢һ
ĻȪƺԼԤһ㣬ϸ΢
ҸӦв죬岿ľս뿪ˣַЩǾУϾȪ٣ܱĶĺá
ϣⲻ
ԼԾͻȪطδ֪ģܵƾһЩϸ΢仯ֱӶ϶̫ϡ
ǧλãַѸǱ롣
ľ飬Ϥص֮µ̲˸ַ嵶֮ϣ׵ֱƿһ󶴣롣

Զޡѡէַ֣˲ս۷塣
εľ岿䵱ҪΪǿȥǿߣһΡ
ַȴһ



2593 
տҲ
һϲ䣬֪ƿڽ룬ضܼǿߣһӰûС
ĿɨȥսĺۼʯݶƻܲϢ
~~
ַϢȻɢ
ӦڿտҲ
˱ҸһжϣԼҵ岿䣬ͬпҵֻܽϲɨġ
ͨߡ
ҪôǵӶе۷ߡ
ҪôߵĻ𡣡
ƶϡ
ϲ䣬ַӦս𣬾ûлսҲǳȻ𣬾ͨ۷ƥС
ӦǵӶ˵۷߰ɡַҲûô࣬ϾȪؾǿ߽룬ߵߣ츳Ҫһȣ׻ѣ˵ڻȪؾн
ȪؾĸӦҪ߲ࡣ
һȪأϡַ漴ж
ɨɨʡԼһȪصҲղˣڻҲıԼԿпޡ

߲䣬ͼǰ
񺡹ǣ
һҪ취õǾ񺡹ǣ
ħڻͫͨ죬¶
ͼһʯɽϣһȭӡż°⣬ͼϷ߲ƣ޾񷣬ȭС
ַʹͬħڻħ壬ħóʹõıԼͨȭ
ͼȭħڻϲ
ħڻϲģǾɫ񺡹ǣ񺡹ǵļֵȻ֮һһǡ
10羧
ǿǵ
񺡹ûκμֵΪղƷֵޱȾˡ
һȻȫ10羧
ħڻսãҲֻͨ۷߸ԣ2羧һ񺡹ǵļǮȫ屶
룡
ң岿ڻСС
֮ǰ̽ľ岿ǿˣȻƴȫɱս𣬻˵ˡ
ֵá
һֵƱۣ
ҵʵǿⲻ־ħڻ취֪һа취Ƴ־ϾֻǸڹʬϵ־֮
㿿ȥĥĥȥֻӦ
Ҳһĥ־ֶΡħڻȭͼϵȭͷûʦûдУһжҪսȥãȥƴ
ȻԵԲܴ
ٿء
ৣħڻ͵ؾѡ
һİϢھ壬ͻأس֡
۷ħڻоâӰʧ

ħڻˣַҲǸӦ
۸ӦַȻǿй֮޲֮꣬츳Ӧ΢ɼĻȪܸӦ˵ħڻϢ
ǱħڻҲδأͼǰȭ
δҵ䡣
վڻȪǰַ徲ȴš
ԶռƿһǿϢХϢڣַǲµţΪջɱħʱһ֡
ħڻ
ȪؾһѾϡ档
ͬʱĿԣС
~~
ħڻĵÿռọ̈̄εӴѹƬ򣬷֮СѪ˫ַͫ塣
ϸϸ⡮֮͡
۷ʵ֮أҵ岿䣬ԶԷǵӶ˵ĳţȻȼʶʵ
λȻ͡
ħڻ϶Ⱥܩֵܣöࡣ
Ӷˣʱұ㲻ò뿪ȪؾҪһЩ岿ıħڻʱ
̫
òҵ񺡹ǣȥԴ׬һʣƫƫϵӶ˵ڲԱ
ùǣԷĿã
Ҳˡ
ӶԹ涨һڻȪؾΪ𣬱뿪ȻӶ˽ֱ
ɱħڻɱġ
ַһ۷ûʵʵսܻɱοδɵСһ
ʲôţġ
Ǳٸߣ޷ʵиƨã
Ϊħ壬ħڻϲɱ¾⣬Ψһɵַݣһַ屻ɱֱӾͻᱩ¶
ȻһͶ֡
δħڻףַǵͷ˸к
ղŽʱδˣˡͻˡַԶأȻлȪأҲ֣֮˴ħڻԼûȥ˵ĳɹ
岿仹кܶ࣬һǡ
ǡַ漴ת뿪



2594 Ȱεնݳ
ħڻЩ
˽սʧԷֱӱ뿪Ժһ˲両ͷħڻѪͫɲǼɱ¶
Էˣ
мӲĿɽ͵ƣôҲֱ뿪
ıΪ֮񣬸οССһ۷
ߣ
䣡ʱֳħ֮񣬿ռŤ۷磬ַǿһȡ
սϴħڻսԷǵС
۷ʱѿżȻ𣬸ֱӿżﵽȻ׼лսֱԾȻ£
ԣħڻܻɱս
Ȼսʵʵģ
ħڻ֮Ըҳ֣ƶܽǰ۷һɱ޺֮ǡȻкܴΣգѾûѡ
񺡹ǣֵ̫ߣ
ձ֣ٻսͷҲ޷Ⱦָϰ߶ɱڵѪ
ʵʲôҪ
Ȼַ뿪ۡ
ɱħ壬᲻ħڻһ֣ԷǵӶ˵ĳԱȴȪؾٲȻͼ
Լô뿪֪ӶˣͻᱻȪؾһгɿա
ֻˣŲ˵
ңԷȷţԻ𼶱ʵɱһ۷Сһ

׵ǳʣ¶ַ˲û˷Ѱʱ䡣
է֣һĻӳУأַһĻǿߣδӳ
ռ̮ϿռŤͬΪʮףַƿ䲻ħڻ𣬻ѹƣƿȴ֮𣬳ħڻһء
ħڻȭ֮ϡ
һƴ磬һס
ħڻĹǿͺһɽϼ᲻ɴݵĽ׶ֱӱơַ嵶䣬Ե棬Ȼըѽӽ9.9ƿأޡ

䣡䣡䣡
һенֱѹħڻ
ܣħڻѪͫǺɫǰĿֲ·ϵһеȻ𣬵Էֻ۷ʵ
أ
ꡣ
ֲ˫ȭȫ밵Ľռ񴩴̣һ֣ħڻ㤿־壬ֲӸ򴩴̣޴ɶ㡣
˺
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Х쳹񷣬ħڻһ˫Ѫɫӷַ壬ŭ֮һģ

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2595 
ħڻĲԩ
ֻǸսĳȻսҪˣַȴ׾ٵػɱսʵһۿɼ
ַ壬ƿѴﵽ9.9ƿص10ǳӽ
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ħڻ֮ܣУ벻
ʷ۷ǿɱȻģҲָ
ޣַ巭˷ħڻĴָһǿߵļҵ治٣Ȼ羧࣬Ӱ˵Ķһѡ
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ֻвûд𰸣ּʲݵǣдһЩ֮էȻϣͷ·дǵˣʲô⡣
Ļϲ䡣ַǣ£
ⱾǶħڻǿߺãԼ˵ֻһЩϢĲ䣬֪ƾɷ񺡹ǵȼֵԼһ

һ񺡹ǣֵ10羧ַҲǰ
ֵȷʵױȣʦǿ˵ֻһСĿͨǿ߶ԣǾ޿
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ĶĶַ岢û񺡹ǵĴ㣬Լõ
־ǿĥ񺡹Ǳ־ȡ񺡹ǡַǾϹħ񺡹ǣӦñǱĥȥ־񺡹ǡ
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ԼҲûȤ븮ۡгΪװƷ
ȻӶĬ񺡹ԼҲνƻȻһߣӶ˲˵ʲôҲ
׷ʵޣ¡ַʰħڻļҵ漴ȪУصԴɢ貹âһǿȫ
ʱƿ10ѽߡ



2596 ҪΪԴ
9.979.989.99
ƿԽޣԽѣʮƿأͷһƴȫҪȥʼǷȱôһ㡣
ȪصĹЧ𽥼
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ַÿɨһϲ䣬ջ൱ʢҲԽԽΪʵߣ۷ͺһʵʩչ
һ㣡ַһεɨˡ
ζŽһϲΣԣܻˡ
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ȪسȫƿؽǷȱΨһһ㣬ͺ֮𱻵ȼõɲȼȫѪţȫ
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εߣʮȪϲ䡣
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˵ĵλãһͨһȴţͨȪ֮·
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ҪΪԴߡַδйļᶨ



2597 ¿
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֮ܣֻȪؾȻأԴ֮ƣδǿɼȥֻʱøַ֪µԼѾޱȽӽļޡ
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־ڵĳߣԴԴߵĿڣԲм١
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ٶԽԽΪȪԽԽԣͺһǿػ˿ǰһ·ַķ֮꣬ǰһЩ
ֱӽģÿһξ붼ǲά衣
ӻϲڵƬ򣬵λãַʵǰ˽Ԫ֮࣡
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ΪʲôȪ֮·ԼһֶΪʲôֺĸо֡һеţƺӭתַţڻȪ֮·Уһжн

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Ȫ֮ˮھ޾Ԩʣ̲İأʵٶȲ죬ȴϸ
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ԻȪΪԴԴԻȪ֮·
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Ԩ֮ף޾ȪԴͷ㼯֮λ¹ڳͷϵţ׹·޾ѹһ㣬ǾսĻɫһͨ͸ĺɫȪ֮ˮ̲ǳ㡣
ͷ룬Ҳ޵ļǣ;սľŵֲͬ
ǵ֣ཫһ
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һ۾Цḧɫ롣
Ӷ˵šݽӲ䣬ɫ뿴Ϊɡ
ˣԨ
12700ԪĿҲ֮ͶɷƵĵԨһҲĿǰߵԶһ
ͻ˰ɣ۾߽СһԨѾ6600Ԫ
ͷˡ
ǺЦԪڰԨָ
ˣҲʲô
һ۰˹ȥһ㣬ʹ
沢᣺ˣȥӭ¡ˡ



2598 Ȫ֮·
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оȪ֮ˮ̲صͺһĸźӣһſǳĺӣǻȪ
Ԩַӻϲĵ伮֪Ȫ֮·ĻȪ֮ˮԼǳȪ֮·ľԨ
ҡ
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ôַԶȴʲôɷ̫ŨһСֻܴӻȪ֮ˮŹ⡣
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ַ߲壬Ȫ·ҪôӾԨ߳ȥҪô

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СһΪԴߣͻȻĿڣЦе·͸һУַԾĲֱӵԴߡ֣
ңȫûκ־٣֣
ǰεַ֪ʵ
߹ЦģһΪԴ߶Ӷĳſɲֹһ12700ԪǰǸڻء
12700Ԫַͫ˲ʱŴ
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ѹִûһߣӾԨ߳ȥǿǵӶ˵ĳŰ12700Ԫ
൱Ŀӡ
Ǹһܵ񡣡ַ̾Ҳû̫뷨з־ϲսΪܡ
ңԽɵһɣջķ˶
֮ض17ԪԼʱԤʱ10Ԫڿƺʵ
10Ԫ12700ԪͷԶԶ
ӳڶͿڣʱپȱ㽫졣
ȻʦԼ1000羧Լ౦﹩ӳڶ˥Ҳֻα겻αӳһʱ䡣
10ԪѾǼޡ
ʱ޷ӻȪ֮·뿪ֻʦæˡַзڵػ˵ģȻϲˣ浽ʱҲû취
ϣ10Ԫ߳ȥ



2599 
ַԲᣬȻҲûѡ
ǰĺѾֱҪôӾԨ߳ȥҪôȪ֮·ֻΨһһ·ǾǴԨ
12700ԪǰӶ˵ĳţԱС
ǰֽԨжߣַߣȺ߸˵һ㡣
15۾Ҳһ18Ԫǰһ33Ԫǰ
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ԭΪ12700ԪѾܶ࣬û뵽һ18ԪǰУԵӶ˵ģƺֻһ
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ȪؾΪӶƿأƺԼ֪ܣ15ߣֻ1ǵӶ˵ģ֪
ǰԨʲôкΣԣַ岻ʡ
߱˫֣Це㲻ʣϺҲġ
Ϻڣ
ַ΢΢һĿⲻԾͶߣɫһ࣬Ӳճ鴤һ£ƺƺܲҲû˵ʲôԵԨ˸񡮻Ȫ
ҪΪԴߣͨȫԨ
Ԩǿ飬ǳΪԴﵽľŸÿһԨԨػ߸֪ݡ
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ַͷԥٲ̤롣
ԨԶԝ޾磬޾䣬·ľͷԴ漫µİء

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12700Ԫǰսھ
ܺһô԰ëԳ˿ڵƽŵš
ëԳˬ졣
ͷʹڣͫҫȹ󣺡عԳʥþƹȻ鴫þƣ

Ҳ̰ݻëԳˡ
ǻ˵ëԳΪ⣬ƺĿͶչǧԪƺջ񣿡
ȻһЦδɣջ񣬺ڣԳ
԰գֱӿ粽Ӱûԝɷ֮У°ëԳ˵ɴ˫ͫʱȫ𾪣һﵽҪˣ
ԨҪ뿪ֻΨһһֿܡ
ǾǴﵽҪͨ顣
ļһԨԪﵽҪ󡣡ëԳ̾ѣȾԨҪʮԪ
ǵһԨİɡ
ҲãҾͽˡ



2600 Ԩ
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ڽڰԨַҲûаܵסǿֲɷ
ɳʯѳɾɽֲ̫

ӵһԨľɷʼӦ
ڰʱӦܳס
ַǼǵúߵĻ
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ԨΣһֻһԨǾɷ
ǰͨľͷǵһԨһȫװľսȻ˫ᣬϵսȪйҫ
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һԨľɷΣգͨġ
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ϤַžӨ飬ԺٿظֳȪϵصԴ飬ƺϵͬ
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޴ӷǷ·ǴǧֱӽַƿһѶϢԺַ˲ͫһת̤ڵϡ


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סʶĴݣַȫԴߵһҲ򣬵һΡ
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Ҫ̵ֿҪ˵ǻߵ
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ԼѾһ֣ⰵ졣
أǽӽߵҪռʱطŽ׵ĲΡ
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2601 ̫ѷ
ַġǬ
ⰵĵ£9999֮Դ9999֮ԴĹⰵ죬˵ӽǿ֮һ
ⰵ죬19999֮Դ19999֮Դ
˵ʱռʮطԶԶͨʮط
֮ǰæڸ򵶷ΣδǱ
񣬵á
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ַԨм䣬λӦŨ򣬺ܿѰٵ֮ڣģϥ
~~
ʶֱ񷣬
ûлȪڣҲû谭·ֱ֮磬ÿһʮ֮ԴڹĺУַд˲ǳ

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žԨʱͷۡ
ڰԨˡ߻Цеأ⡣
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ʮԪͻơʲôԴ߷ǴΪȣǰٶȸڰԨΣ
ǺЦû˵ʲôôϺڣ㡣
ߣ˫ֻأԸ
϶涼ѷɫһȣбͺܲˬ
ҲںĮԪϰߣ૵֪ӶСһǱô
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ޣôüǺЦҵã300Ԫ͹ˡ
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޷͸㡮֮ڡٷ١
Ͼַ廹ϣ10Ԫڣ׵ĻԨ
ৣһν롣
һ㣬ַʮġ



2602 
޴Ļˮһɰٿֱ۽롣
һַ׼ȫ߰ܣûκĳ֣Ļǰʧַɽ롣
͸֮ڡ
ͨˡַ岢⡣
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ַ¾ӨˮΣ㣬һεĸӦȸ֮Ҫö࣬ȷصԴһУͬϢ
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ô
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½Ԩ򵽼±ɡ
Ӧú͵һԨһƵ֮ءַ̤޾ĻԨɷƣԽɷԽŨͬʱʱӦԽǿҡ
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ʮʱطԲҲֻʱ⡣



2603 ˣ
һ£˶ܹڶԨ
һͻ1Ԫڶ˵ҲҪ56Ԫɡ
Уǿʮʱطû10Ԫôߵó
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2604 
15ߣ2ڵԨ1ڵԨ1ڵڰԨʣ11ȫڵ͵Ԩڡ
˵ԨѶȵͣǵԨѶ̫ߡ
Ȫ֮·ֻΨһһ·˵͵ԨȻ˵Ԩ̸õء
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2605 Ȫ
Ԩ
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2606 ֻȥȡ
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2608 ҲУ
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2610 ŸԪ
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2611 ڰԨ
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жϻʧƫģΪϢ㣬ݲƭˡ
ţ˼䣬ٿַоһϢĿ·Զɼһ޳Ӱ֡
Գַһ۾жϳ
Ӧþ12700ԪǰԨľ
12700ԪǰսĹھ
Ӷ˵ľţԼ֮ǰһ֮صĳߡ
Ѿˡ
ַ岻øоӽܿµ״ĳһ߷ҧܣһ˫ͫѪ챩壬Ϊ˵ɷƴȫ
ֻǵڰԨķ֮λá
ʣķ֮һľ룬ѱȵ졣
ϧַϧǿ֮ĩܳŶֻԼʣ٣Զľ룬ֻѾҪ
ԼûҲﲻ
ٿأԨַüͷ΢ء



2612 ֻ

ȥ
ʮָ罣һ޼᲻ݵĽֱַ壬޾ɷֵľʱһĹɲ
ৣ
׵ַ֣ޱ顣
Ȼ³ͻȻȴ޻֮ɫµսַֹˮκʱ򶼱־Խ䱸֮ģ¡
⡤Ļ
ַ˲ɷ֮Уսͬʱǵľѡ
һΪַ屾־㹻ǿľɷδҡĵزڵԨʱַǧԭӦĶõֿɷ
߳߳߳߳
ݺᣬΪսĹھʧл𼶱ĳǿʵܴڰԨĻ˿ַ㡣
ͬ壬֮ͬ꣡
ƿغƿأ඼ʮ
ҪսַӮֻҲҪķһµĻܷӳʵ
˵ȫʧɷ塣
⡤ը
ַҲսʵ
׵ǷӳĿֲսݻ٣̶мѺоؿ׻֮

~
Цг࣬޾ȴַ·ȫͷš
޾Ԩת۱ѱɷûʧӰ壬ַ׵ǣɫĬȻ
һ̣ǻָˡ
عⷵգֻǶݵѡ
ˡ
һţ޾Ԩ֮С
Ϣɡַûɱ֣ϾϵͬԴҶԵӶˡңҲĶԼĴ⣬ҪɱԼ
Ϊ˵ûκκô
һţԲᱻ֮ĳͷԡ
ˣ֮ǰԳʱͻ𹥻ˡ
ֻˡ
֪Գôˡַ΢΢ȾԼԳĸһ㡣Լʵʣǽѡ
Գأ
ƴô
ֻߣѾõˣ
ৣ
ַԵϢٴȥ
֮вĸоԽԽһεȿֲĵطн޳ܰһĳű˼
Լû·
ɹʡַδΪ֮ҡκ

Ȫ֮·
ͻͫһϲɫ
ܿ졣
ԣСһٶȷǳ졣
77꣬ѾӽɷԴͷ֪ܸܲڰ֮ڡ
룬϶ϲϣڵٶȵԴͷڡӦó100ꡣ
ַ֮ǰõصԴĵߣһʱ1.5Ԫһʱ3300ꡣСһ־ǿǳǿ
ҲûãصԴ̫ѣԸƣֻеõصԴĵʱ䲻60꣬ϣɹ
ǣ࣬м븸ǸһصԴġ䣿ճɾʹߣض޵ǧ棡
˵ˡ
ͻɫĬȻ
£Ѳ׺ɣصĸȻ䣬һڸᣬҲֻʣפػȪ֮·űܹһ١

ӽԨ֮ף
ˡַɫҧء
ʱתΪУһһ̤žǰУҵδޣҪͣɷַɴںܰȫĵز
־ȫ㹻
ַֻ岢ûмԳ
̤
ʵأָоޱַ֪ԼѾڰԨĵײޱߵľɷ˳Ϣоܽû
䣡ַ˫ףƿɷǰС
ΧӦޱȷûԳϢַ΢΢̾Ԩ֮ף֪ľɷжŨԳ־ֻ׶༪١
Ȫ·ע޷ͷ

ǣԳǣԼǡ
ûʲôñԹҲûʲô̫пַ֪ԼһأͻᲽԳĺ󳾣Զ
һɹַʼһ
ڣǼɷԴͷڣͷų޾ɷģһδСɫʵͨ͸ᾧ֮ǰˮʮ
ͬǣ֮ǰľӨˮκСŻɫʵĶ߽ᾧȴʮ־޴н˸ߡ
ַ߽ɷӶ߽ᾧĻɫ·̲޾ɷÿһһ·жħ
ܿ£
ֱַ壬ͨ͸ᾧǷ
ǽӽ˲ڲǶħ֮ģ̲޾Ͱأ·塣

Ҫ뿪ڰԨҪ
ַɫء
ȻԼ²ģڰԨԶûôס



2613 ֮·
ַ壬Ѿ
ɫͨ͸ᾧȴǸһ޴⡣һſžӨˮεĽ壬϶вͣɷޱŨ
ǿĶ΢΢
ԽԽҡ
ǲ־ٿأַ屾ûκξµĸоž޴ͨ͸ᾧ̲صϰ˲
Ȼƺڣۡ
ƺѾû·ߡַ廷ܣޱ޼ʵľɷ⣬ԼܷصڰԨˣΪһѹرա
ػԣΨн뿪˵ء
ԭĿ顣ַҿ϶Լ֮ǰԪУһ绪ĳҲҲŽȻ
Ƕʧˡ
ǰġ̫޴̫ǿȫԼļ׵ȣͷ·ճӤһ
ġԲǰԨ
һ
~~ַ峤һŨľɷӿڣͷ·һħݲ־ÿһ̣Ƕ־Ŀ顣
ҳ¡
ַϸ۲һ󣬵޴ͨ͸ᾧﲢûκ֮˾ɷ֮⣬
ûʱ˷ˡ
һԪ
ʮԪ֮УֻʣһԪ
ֻǵڰԨĵھԨַ嵱ִͨ͸ᾧǷžӨˮλ۶ɡ
ৣ~
Ѫһͨ͸ᾧϣʱͨ͸ᾧ϶ľɷͺҵͻƿڣһһԶӿ˳
ǣַüͷһ
ԭɷǹŨ¸ʮԴһ¡ַֻԼ·һƬ磬֮š
ʱַԿѪž޴ͨ͸ᾧӨâͺǧֻө˸ΧɷΪ֮һ䣬һͨ͸İɫâ
~~~~~~
·ϼ룬ַ޴ͨ͸ᾧΪһ塣
֮ǰ߿ڴʱţǳ񷡣ַһƬأ޾ȴ˷
ʲôطַ尵ݡ
ΧƵľӨΣ׺ƬػþɷͺǼʧһա
ٿء
¡¡~
ѣӰ˲ɺҹ
ϣ
ֲѹ޾κεĹǾԵѹҪһж
䣡䣡䣡
Χڱݣֲѹѹĩ·˸ԝɫâ·Ƶ㣬֣Ҫַ޾
ಣ
ַ弲ǰ
ͺƹǦӲޱȣٶȼΪ
ÿµѹַо󣬾ͺڽԼϷѹȻ䣬˫Ѷ·Ӱ粽С

ܲûȫǰȻһƬâҫ;ΨһһĨɳĮнʣһƬޡ
Ҿַ֪ԼԨ
ֻҪһ̤ٲԶ١ڰԨЩţ֪ж궼ա
ַ֪
һԼ٣꽫Զ졣
ڵķҲһ
ΪԼѾȫоĴڡ
ָоδй
ԼԶκһؾ̫򣬶øоΪǹõһ꣬ͺֻ۾һֻߣһֻұߡ
ڣٿ
Դߡַûо£зǳս
ľԼǵһϡ
ΪԴ֮·ޱȼѣû·
ԼһУ
ȫÿַս⣬һѳʷս谭ѹõȻʹߴǰɣңնһеͶ־
ַ壬ͬǡ
ǰѰŹԴͷΧ̮˲ʧʵϲûʧֻǱַ־ѹơ
һַ̣־㡣
ڵԨʱǧ־ޡ
޿赲
ַµ״̬ѣ˵ɱˣɱ
֮·սͷַĶ־ͣеڴ˿֮̾Ժƾ費־ǰС
Ȼûôס
ַѸǰ֮ʱٿǹâ޾ǰһɿ¼µһεԲιٶ֮ɿ깥޿ɱܡ

ַ˫Դ
־ַһģ⧲£һ㱻µ־֧顣



2614 ־
ɷҲãѹҲãֻӰ־ͺһ˭һЩ־ȫͬˣֱӵĹ
ͺñһƹһֱӹ
ַ־ˣҲͻ־Դһ£βŻָ־˷ѹǿңͬһ֧Ԫ˧ָӣĹǡ
ÿ¡ַͷ亹䡣
δоԼôĽӽ־ֱӱݡ
飬һģһġ
֮Լδ˵ƾ־أطδţƫƫ˾޴⧲ֲ̫
òַѹǰС
ٶȷŻղŵĹ£ͷ·ڹŹһȦȦ״̬£һͬ־Լֻ׶༪١
϶ֹһΡ
ַ尵ġ
׼û׼£ղŵ־Ҳ̫ǿֻǵʱԼûע⣬ȫ񶼼ڶԿѹϣͬսʱ͵Ϯһ
ҪֵԼȫ׿ס
־ԶδܻԼǿȡ
ǰꡣ
ûˣַɻ
֮ǰ־ͷ·꼻һְ㣬ʧӰ·δַֹ岻һǷΪ״
Ͼһжδ֪
־һΪͻȻֵ־ԶԿѹ־һ룬ٶȼࡣ
ԽѹԽǿͺۻһַо
ͺһֱקԼԽԽࣻ޾Ԩ£ƵԼµϿգѹǰ޾׽ٰһʤһ
ΪʱĹϵ
ַжϡ
Ϊ뻹ʱ䣬ÿʱÿ־ģȻ־ȫһ޵״̬ͬһ
ӿٶˡַ岻ƾʱţȴ޶ԡ
ķһ־ѹֿϣǰеٶȾܸ죬ֻΪ˳һε־Ľһ־ȴ
̫˷ѡ
һ־ɡַҲδעһ
һԼ־ˣ־ٳ֣ҿԣһܻܿһٹ˹ء
ʮ꣬ʮ꣬ʮꡭ
֮·޾â֮·ϣһƬ޿հףͺԭ̤һգ˱
Ƿ·ûоͷ·ûĿǰС
ַ֪Ƕ־Ŀ顣
ʵأƣʶȵȣ־Ҳи棬ֻвûй־ٲȻġ
·Ҳûб仯
ɳĮߣԶǻɳһƬûз
ѹԽԽǿַжϵҪݣԽԽǿѹ޴ѹַٶҲ𽥱仺
ͬʱַ־Ҳڻ
ܣÿһþĴһβȫʱӡ
ַ־ӵĲԣֻѹǿĸ졣
һ꣡
ַδ֪־磬ꡣ
䣡ռ𣬹â޾ǰͻأǳһԲιԽܵٶȣַէȻ˲Ǻ롣
ȿֲ־
ڶγ֣
Ӵըһַֻ΢΢˫Ȼ񣬳Ȼս⡣
һ־䲻ԷȫȴȵһҪ̫ࡣ
ɹֵ
պһꡣַ岢ûʱ㣬֮ǰԼͲ룬־ڶγ֣һͻʱɡ
£ƫиպðꡣ
һ꣬Ϳȷַɽһ־ڵΪ־ֹֻΣδȫ϶
Ҿųɵ־Կѹ㹻
䣡
Ȼڶʱ򣬵־ٴγ֡
һ׼ַɵ־⣬Ȼ־ǿַ岻ɽĶûУɡ

꣬İ꣬ꡭ
ַصһǧ꣬ʮ֮һԪ־йɣһΣһǧʮһΡ
ε飬ַʮ㾭顣
ȷ԰ȫǰ£ܵؽ־ڶԿѹǰУʱÿʡһ㣬г۵ľԽ࣬ѹ־Խ١
ߣܿ졣
֮£־£˳һһͣ෴ѹκһַһ൱ɫ־ıƴ;úǿ
ÿ굽ʱַͻἯд󲿷־־
ʮ㡣
ַ÷ǳϸ壬
ˣ޾֮·нǧʱַ廹Ǹоˡߡζ־Ĳַֿﵽޡ



2615 ࣬
Ȫ֮·
ͻɫأһϹ΢ЦĻʱȻΪȪ֮·ĿߣиȪеһȨбصԴġ
صԴģǾԨ޼֮
ԭΪȪУڻȪ֮󣬱˾Ԩɻͻ濴ܡԨľɷصԴģһԨġҲصԴġ
ǻȴ˿ѷɫǿ
档
ΪֹɫĴߡ䣬ڰ֮⡣
ḧŰɫ룬ͷ֮ǰߣһɲһɣһĳɣѾ߳ɡ
ҡҡͷ޾̾
Ȼ߳ɣʣµĽɲΪѵġ
Ϊĵһᣬ׷游֪صԴʱҲķ˲СȻֻ99.9%δȫ
ΪոõصԴʱѾ
ԸԣҪ100%صԴģ𣬹ʶ֮ķ˴˻Ȫ֮·˾Ԩ
صԴġ˫ͫЩԝ¡
صԴĲӵ泬Ŵܣδȫ޷̽ܵõصԴȫʵٷһ
ϧԸԶ޷ʵ֡

صԴĵĵ6000ꡣ
ַԵ5000ѿʼߣﵽޣӲ1000꣬־ַδͷĥ־ַ岻и
ҪǿΪǿߣ
ҪսһеĲܣ
ַ塣
Եĵһ꣡
СԸδӱܺΪַ֪ǿߣһǽԼС
Ҿᵹ£ַ˫żǿ
͵־һǳƱջǰ꣬ڲĹâһһǰУ޾κ衣
䣡
66־ֱַӺĵ¡
ֲŭ٣֮1־ʱǿ˺ֹٱַ߾ȫ־һɢ
Ȼµܿվ
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ֱͦļַһǰж裬赲ĽŲһһÿһǽ̤ʵأʯ
7000꣡
7500꣡
8000꣡

֮ܲǰַ࣬һֱǰƾŲǲ֪ûоͷĹ֮·ǰнţ־֮š
ƺַдûʧܺͷĸ֡
Ȫ·ϣͻϧ֮ľٵѾȫȫ𾪡û˱ǸصԴжѡ
ǿߣû
Ҳֻ޵𣬲п
ַ壬ֻһѣ
ÿµ־˫տš
ԪҲû־ȴˡ
࣬¡ؿڼ̾꣺ʹǿȺ໹ǿΪڸǿ֣֮ռһϯ֮ء
ֻһЦû˵ˡ
һȺǿڲֹһ𣬿Ŀ϶
̫࣬ǿˡ
5%
~~Цḧ룺㲻ΪߵǸַ廹ʧܰɣ־Ǳܣ޿
һ䣺һԺķ޾Ԫֻһ˲䡣˭޾֮·ϽһԪնʧ
룬һЦ
ûʲôģɹ񣬴𰸺ܿͻַ壬ѾûκʧܵĿܡ
񡭡˫֣ңŵھԨ޸п

û·
ַľ־
ңԶϵأļ磬ļˣֵȥػһУʹٹµ˺һ
֮·־ԽԽǿַ־ĥʯ
ͣң

90ε־ûַ˵£ඥ㣬ʹַ־˸Եɱ䣬ǾͺһѾսδ򣬹עĥ
ڳͣ
ַӲǵֵסǿµ־ԭЩɺͻ谵ͫʱޱȾһͷ˯ʨѡ
žأϣ
еѹһȻж
ַ·ϳصҺȫжȥޱӯȻ죬Դ֮и˻Ȼһ£
ǰ棡ַ޾֮·ޱȿ϶
һֱһֺһĵĸ



2616 صԴ
95־
97־
99־
ַֻǺʮȻǰСǰĹԽԽŨͺƽ߳һĹ֮
룬һԪ
оκѶϢַҲǽȲˣ־ĥµøͣ뿪ٲеڶֿܡ
صѹ˲ȫʧݵ޾ԨڶߣҲϿյѹڴ˿ʧӰ
һ׵ĹâԶһӰһɫͼڵĳۣͷĻʹڣ˫·͸һеӡ
Ӱأʱģʱ
ٿȻ䣬ǵӰ֣Ȼһ־ֱӹض롣

ַԴ
־
ַһͷ޾âֵĽӰʱǰʧתַ˲ָǣʱ·صԨص֮ء
Χûоɷһ㵭Ĺâ֡
ô£ַЩãȻղŷʲôԼ̽⵽ʲôƵģͻȻͱ𡯳ռ䡣
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Ϊʲô
~~
Ȼ䣬ַ巢ͨ͸ᾧɢӨԼѪھ޴ᾧϣʱˮܽڰ㣬ͻȻʼ޴ᾧա

һӴӿڡ
ǲ汾Դƫƫ˰޴󣬳ÿһ䣬ֺ񲻴һƮ졣
־ַԺжȻðʡ
־ӿ룬иѶϢϣһַ֪ԼɹⲢͨһʶ֡
صԴġ
֮صصԴ飬صԴͬһϵеı
ǸΪصۡǿģ
ߣһͬ㡣
ǲƺ񣬶Ҷ̲һֶеĻȻͬȻصԴصԴͲ֮ˡ
ȵȣ
صԴģǲҲصԴصԴַжȻð룬ƺֿܣֺƲɡ
ʱַҲû˼صԴİϢӿԺϸϸš
־
棬δŵ־
־֮ǡɷ󡣡ַ֮һصԴ̫ˣһҲصԴȴ
ǿ
Լֻ
־֮ǡɷֻӣױգʱʩչ
־֮ǣԴΪǣͲɴݡ
ģ־־Ϊġ
־ΪԴİƿһУǧ޲ɡ

ַܿס־֮ǡ
ʵ൱ԴʯػһصԴıڣϣǹһǳأػ־
ӵصԴĵػκ־
ƩߵֱѹһЩ־ֱӾͻɢ̶䣬صԴĵػǼͶɴݡ
Ʃղ޾֮·ϣ೬ն־
صԴģ־Ҳڻɢ
ջȪĴսΪС־֮ǡػû־Ӱ죬ܷӳȫʵ
Ȼ־޷ѹƻȪսضۿۡ
ַ尵ݡ
־֮ǣԽ׵սбֵøԡ
ɷַ֪ɷԴͷصԴģصԴľ־ıɷӰԿ־ġ
ǶĿǰ˵õġ
ַ˾ɷĽܡ
ڹʱԼԴɷһҪȥٿأɷȥӰԷ־Լ־ԽǿܿƹľɷԽࡣ
սİ൱
һǰˡ
ģ˴󡣡
صԴģ͵ıϣȻصԴںϡ
òǺܴ
ϾЩںϵıҲӲǿƩԼͨ⡢ȥ֮ЩˣصԴľܰٷְϡ
ϣԼȻӲ֮ĹЧ
ԣ󡯿ܼߡ
ʵȻ
߲ϻصԴģͿϡַԻѾãҪȵ߼ʱʸ
صԴģЩ⡣
ԼѾ书Ч
һǷֵȼģиƷ׵ı˵ߣǻǿҲ޷ϣЩصԴϡ
صԴģͺһ߸ϵĻʵۣС



2617 ھԨ
صԴĵϢͺһ
ֻܿһЩϢֻ඼һƬɵģƺҪ󣬲ܿ
ҪΪ֮ôַ̽Ϣδἰ
ȻصԴǿڣǿչֻǻܺᲢۡ
ͷžɷ쾧ӨصԴĻеĻ
100%صԴĻûгҡַܸоԼصԴĵȫƿأЩ޷󼰣ƺԼʵԶԶ㡣
顣
οصԴĳ
ַԺȻŽӰֱԼǱصԴĵġ顯൱ǿ־ӦþʩչģԼ𡯳صԴĿռģҲ
ǻȴ˿ѷɫй֮
صԴûл̲ûеַ岢ΪΪ־Ĺϵʦ˵л
ңصԴ飬صԴͬûл
һͬԲɺϡ
ġַܸоصԴĵĴڡ
չɵģһȱĸҪĸƺǣصԴıܣһȴŽرա
Ķַоһ˿Ǻ
ĵĺĵĸӦ
ߣַ΢΢һ
ʲô
Ԩ
ھԨ
ǡַһȭֺĸоͺѰһ֣Ϊ벢ңԶԼиӦ
صԴ飬صԴ
ַ˲ס
ߣһһ档
ĸо͸ʱͿռ䣬ԶָȪ֮·⣬δ뿪֮أָԶ׼
صԴ顭ַԻȪ108صԴǸȤǶȫǿҲǺصԴһĳԼϡı֮һ
ֻ롣
Ҳ˵֮ЩصԴԼ޷ãһָڵӶУ˹ܸ֮Լ
صԴַȤǺܴ
ɽĺıһ˵ЧȻԼûʲôô
ЩǺ󻰡
뿪ַģԼصԴģķһԪߵȫӦ֪Ρ
ԼԨδʮԪӳڶӦδ˥ڣʼЩǡ
һֻһ
ô뿪ַ廷ܣߵĵâʧãã޾ľɷȻǣڰԨƾ޴̶
ͬǣµľɷԼȫܴ̩֮Ȼ
ֹΪ־һԪǰǿö࣬ΪڵصԴģԼԾɷȫߡ
Լʹþɷںʴľɷڣ鳲־ɳʵ塣
աַ峢ſصԴģǼ羨̴󺣣ľɷصԴļȡɱʧһա
ڰԨĹȵףһĿȻ
·ַܿҵ·صԴԭλ֮֮ǰӦǷյģ¶뿪Ȫ֮·ͨݡ
ԣػ߲˵Ҫ뿪
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ϤˬЦַĿԶسɴ˲ʱǰ۾͸ŨŨЦ⣬Ǵ顣
󣬺ҲǳȻı飬QQϸϸԼ

ַ͸ʣ΢΢һλǰ
˸һáߺǺЦš
棬ڶáߵ
ǰǰַٴ񣬴λǰֹ̬Уܿó͵һμͬΪԼصԴĵĹϵ
ضͨµп飬ԺұԼˡЦе
п飿
ַһ㶣ǻеھԨô
ǵھԨϡ



2618 Ȫ
Լͨпˣ
ַһֱΪоŵΪԨû뵽ڰԨѾһˡ
Ҳǣδһ߳ɹͨڰԨ
޾ľɷΣΣյıصԴġַǵһʱԼѵＫޣ֮һ·̣֪ô߹ġ
᫣̫ǿ
Ҫַһ飬ûаա
Ը䣬ԪԨΨַǵһҲһͨµп顣ḧ룬ͷ
һַ岻⡣
ѲΪеڶصԴô

ַһʱ
صԴģ˸ԡ졯ã׼ȷ˵õһΪԴֿǿ
ȻĿǰʵзӲصԴ
Դ
ǿ
ַ尵꣬Լ̫ҵ֪Ʒߵ۷û뵽ǿбǿҪǿġԴ
ǡ졯
ҪɣصԴʱɳܹ־
ַͷһصԴĵ
ǺЦʩչ־ʱͬȼһԪ񶼻ᱻӰǣʵ󽵡

ַоޡ
Լǳ־Ŀֲܵģ⧲²һͽԼ־ɢֻصԴ֮ʩչ־ԻȪ޵ʵʩչһǿ
ˡðȪǰաģַʳš
沢˵ֻǿһۻ
ԣĵλ֮ϣΪһã游ʱԸһ֪øࡣ
볤ַ̾ڱԶüͷֹǲ빴ʹĻ䡣
һУҪӸصԴ鿪ʼ˵𡭡
渵
֮ǰַ˵һյףڵھԨΪַҿûκΪⱾǸȪµġ
ΪᣬԵѭ
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ӻƵĿУ˵ŻȪƽ£һδ档ѪĴУĴȪе֮ӡ
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Ӱǵ߸
˵еΣաǿ־֮·
ƫƫԴ̫ǿ
ԣ֪ܵѹƣŭ߷򣬻ȪȻԹ޻ڣǿ֮·
ǿߣԼ־ҲӰ첻ˡַͷ
ԼҲô
ΪһǿߣҪмᶨ
Сˡ̾һҡͷ길񲢲֪һصǿΪ

ַڻϲĵ伮أԼҲڸϲмĺǡ
ӣάȶ
߹ֱӴϣһмʲôƨ־ͣУܴкһʵ޷ٽ¶㣬ԶɥʧɾʹߵĿܡ
ô˵ʮ˴ÿһս۷Ԫڵиһϸ£Ǹκǲá
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ȪʵҲ̫£ʮ˴־ӣڵսߣնɱ
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ȻأַӺ档
Ȼ󣬺ߣɱˣҧ޵ô߾˱ɣ֮Σս𡪡
ûõġҡͷڵ棬ѹƣ߷ӲȫʵԸһϸ£뿪棬۷״̬ҲǴߵĶ֡
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ۿۣ棡̫棡˫¶ŨŨ⣬ٲȻ̹ġ
ַ֮һ
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ˣ̫ΪҪԼɾԴߣΪҪԼȪ֮·
Уìܡ
ȵȡַüͷһšͻ棺һ²ΪγɾԴߣ߸־ŭӰУ



2619 
㣬ʲô濴ַһۡ
ַԥ
㣬ʲôֵ
ַ΢΢һ٣
־ʲôٵ
ҲַЩףǲ˼⣺ΪγΪԴ߻в棬ֻô
ǵԴ߳ɾʹߺʵǿܻ棿
죬ȻʧЦ棬óǿĴҲܻ棬ḧ룬ζԴҪɾʹߣضҪԭ档
ԭ棡
ַ֮𾪣ʱӭж⡣
ֱӵϵԴҪɾʹߣԭ棬ԭΪԱ־ǻԴߡ
Ԫǿߣܶԭôַʵ
ҡͷû桮Ϣ汾Դ
ַ˼صͷԣԴ桮Ϣſ˫ַ֣Ӧüͷ΢΢ԼԼʲô桮Ϣ
ԴֻǺ֮·ͬѣΪλô
ѵ
ҪͻƳΪߺ󣬲ŻУ
ƺַʣ΢ЦǳɾԴߵһˣԭɹɳΪԴߡ
һǶԭ򣡣
ַĿɿڴ
νԭ򣬲Զָľǳĺ򣬼˵Լԭǡӳڶ
ԼȪؾһĿģΪ˾ӳڶҪΪԴߣһǶӳڶ
Цɣ
һʱ䣬ַǾκˣƽ
ôãϽһѿַԡ
ôַ岢Ըô
ҡͷҪ桮ϢΨһİ취δʱԭԭϣ棬ΪΪԽʱɾʱ棬ȻȻ̲桮Ϣ
Ϊʲôܶ򣿡ַ岻
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ô˵Ƶᣬǰߵ˵׼ȷ˵֮Ľͨߵ֮0.10.2ѪǿΪ0.80.9Զﲻ1.0ΨгΪԴߣſܴﵽ1.0֮2.0Ψȴﵽ1.0пܽ2.0
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ҪΪԭܼ򵥡ַ˵浮ĺдСҲвӵģһȺÿ˵츳ͬ
ͨĺԼ򵥣Ҫˣѵǳ򡣡
Ȼĺ֮ԽǿնԽ¹߶ԶֻǴȻɹԸһЩսǱȴʧС
޵еĻȪսʧС
ַЩ¡
ҪԴߵжǿ
˵ʱԭ棬ɹҲᳬһɡǳ򣬳ɹͶϡ
һƫƫ
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ЦҲ¶һĨϲɫ˵ĴʲôСѪЩģ춼Ըı䡣
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ַ壬Ȼ츳ƽƽȴڳ



2620 
ѶȺܸߡЩģ̫֮ǿ׾ܶġ
ûϵĵȵٶᣬɹʻߺܶࡣ
ڣ
ڶ;ĩ·ߵĩˣҩʯ顣
˥ĩڵĳڶͺƴΣˣٴ߼ȡֻ֧ģšһš
һڣڶ״̬ɨڶһУϵֱκοɣ̮ըȫ
ַ֪
ûǣûʦԴͱӳڶѽڣڣҲ֮ң
ַ壬ԭʲôʱڣʵ
˥ĩڡַ岢
棡ͻ漸ͬϲʤ
ַͷԱ﹩գ˥ʱ䣬Ҳ֧12Ԫû֮Ȫ㽫ڡ
֮Ȫ㶣ȻʧЦû壬֮Ի˥Ϊ֮ʧɺ֮ˣһȪˮֻӻ
֮Ȫıȼ֮ԴʱȻӳ棬ܻܿƻϢ֮Ҳô
Ȼ֮˺󣬶ףۺܿǽٶԭ档
ʵûǣҲҲһʶ򣬶棬ֱ
󣬺棬ͬͬûдޣ˥ͻаһס
渵
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룬ôַ峤һͫǸȻǰ˵ԼҲף
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κεı仯ֻλơ
鷳ǰҶôַۣ΢΢Цͻ档

ͨˣһоͨˡ
ַ岢δ뿪ڻͻ沿ٴһʱ䣬ڼھսͬ£ʮϲȫȥ˱飬δĴȪȫȥһ顣
ƿغƿضѴﵽޣȪرǿ棬ʶĿصȵȡ
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3.2Ļ57ʶַȫǿ
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ᣡ



2621 
ᣬǰߵ˵
ȷ˵֮Ľһ֧ε֧ѣѴ塯ĺġ
һ֮Ľ൱ڽΪ塯ļ̳ߣһ޶
δеڶ߳ΪԴߣڣַֻһп
־ǹؼ
Ҫ߱ҪͨԪ־ҪᳬҪ۷Ԫ־
ǻȪԨĿġ
ƿأƿأ־ǶĹؼΪ̫֮ͨߵ־Ѿһ־Ƿëǡ
ַ־ˣԨʱҲ۷
ھԨһϵĥ£ﵽڰԨײ־Ŵﵽ۷Ρ
ؼصԴġ
صԴḺ́ȫλĥ־ﵽʱַ־ʵѾﵽԪ𼶱𣬾㲻صԴĵЧǱԪ־Ҳ۷Ԫ
صԴģɸʡࡣ
صԴģǿĳ־ǿ־ʶ־ԣַ±֮Ԫ۷ǿߣй֮
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ԶҪﵽ̫ѣַ֮ǰҲ߳ɹԳﵽ
Ŷţëо޾׵Ĳš
оԨĶ֮أֻҪ㹻Ǳܰ츳ȫھЩ޷صԴģб
ûоɷھԨвȥҾǵ˵ڰԨصԴô
ȻǲԳ;ĺ󳾡
ַصԴģǾһ
ʱգ־ǿߣгɾԴߵĿܣ㲻ΪԴߣǶĻߺԪߣȻеߡ
ԪѡҲԪ۷ǿߣȺ
кų޵Ԫǿߡ
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Ψгɹԭ򣬳ΪµԴߣʸӵС
ΪԴߺ󣬽վĶ档ַгӳĵشֲĺڶ˺飬ȴκβַ㡣
ͨǿߣѾܿڶ˵ַ塣
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ԴߣǸ򲻵ġ
ΪıԴ־ԴвĴڣַ֪ʱִߣִù٣񶼻׷ɱԼ׷ɱȪǰһ
ݡ
һ·ȫĲ֮·
ĻȪ֮·ַһЦ˿Ϊ⣬׼̤·Թ޻ڣȫΪΣ
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ַҰġ
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ԼҵΨǵΨǻģʱӳԼڣһ壬ȻԼ棬Լ
һ治䣬ժҲӦУұס򣬱סӳ򡣡ַع̫򣬻عǱ̨
ȡսڣժӦʵַһԸ
⣬ַΨһҪ
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·ʮð֮踣Լٲľأܿô򵥡ַľͨ˿δκӰ졣
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ս־뻹ͦ˼ַЦԼһͨĻ꣬ɳڣδһ죬ܺ־Ϊˡ
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ս̼
ˣԶԼС
ѡԴ֮·˭ҲӰ첻ҡ
־
ַʱѽӳԴڣ֮ʯɽ־۷״̬һ˫ͫ־ս⡣
·ڡ



2622 
ڶżܶȺһ塣
䱾ʣȻһӣ׼ȷ˵ڶΪֻкڶӵԭʼҲġϢ
ڶɣһҽĹ̡
ӤҪ󣬶ڶ󡯺ʲô
ʼ档ַʱԴг˽⣬ܻ־Ҳһ˽⣬ЩڵھԨжмء
ڶƣͨһߵյʱ̮
ҲһЩڶڡɡյĹл䣬ȡ㹻Եɱ䣬кڶɳޡ
ըȻγɳʼ档
ڶĺӡ
ӵеϢԽǿڶԽԳڶϢǿġ
ϧӳڶϢǿ޷ɳޡַҲǸ̾ʺõδдɾһӳڶɱ䶼
ƽһɣֱԪսᡣ
ӳڶġɡ
ǰ˵󡣡ַǰԣһЦԣԼӳڶ൱ڸһ˳ҩ
ڶȡϢԭӳڶǡվޡ
ߣһ־ƽķ˵ûжʣʵôҪ
ڻǰԣֱࡣ
ɾֺγǳɾ桭ַ룬Ҳȷʵˣ½棬ǸԳɾͣҲãڶҲգûʶ
ǵܱ䣬־ƶ߷ѭ
̫⣬ʧġ
ӳڶӴ󡣡ַʱںڶԴڣǺڶڣҲֲ֮ڶ˺ǿԽһǿ߼ѹɷ顣
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ڶԴģܸоӳڶӴ󣬶Ĺ̺Σգ־ȻǶҪǿǿⲻ޾ڼġ
һɲǣӳڶ൱ֲ
ʶҪɾԴߣ壬ƿشﵽޡֻжƣܲٿԼһƽ⣬Դߵ档
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ⲢǺڶȫ̮ĺڶԴģĺڶԴʵֻǸտǡûֵ̫һûȤ
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Ϣֻڡ桯ڶʵ൱ġӤ³ɳޣҲӤϢԼģġ
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ΪʱĺڶԴģȷǺڶ档
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ȥԴߣ߸ܳɹ
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ŭ־ȱŭֲѹ־䣬ŭͬ˵ĩգԻһС
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صԴפرƾѹǿᣬҲ޷صԴռκαˣǷ·һǿԿ־
ַ屾صԴػ־Ǽ̲Σһ֧Ѫ֮ǿ͵صֵŵоҹ
~~
޾Ǧһɽӣ֮ϣÿһ缡ſ˺ѴݻһС
꣬Ǿǰδеĳ
ʧȥʶػ¾󣬶һﵱȣȡнͷ
ӳڶǻڣȻµĿ顣



2623 
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깥񣬵깥ʧܣش˯һʧܣûеڶֿܡ
ɾԴ֮·ֻΨһһ
Լȫ
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ٿأƾٿأﵽƽ⣻ڶԴģһУһֳɹһ롣
꣬ռϷ硣
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Ȫǰ¼ģؼ־
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ʧȥ־ƿأ˧ڶֻɢ¡
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۷Ԫ𣬶ʵĸҲڵַ塣ǵַǿö࣬㹹ǵҲֻ档
һƫһϸڱ仯óɾʹߣԲ޴ľ롣
ԳڶϢΪԴģ棬ġ桯
ҵѡûдַЩ̫ΪҪԼ·ˣĳͣʵһ֮·һʼˣҪŤתˡ
ҪǣһʼδܿڳɾʵʱӰ쵽Ϊޣݷ
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֮·Ǿ⣬µģһĿׯ
־κβҡһֵ־Ӱ죬ַ޿ɾ壬ڰеŭ֮κԼá
ڶԴĵĵֿҲȫ̡߱
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ӳڶû̫ı仯ֻǻڣ·صᡯʱߵ
ֻҪԼţӳڶܻš
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ȪؾҲ˰ɡַ᲻֪νĻȪؾʵǻȪǰһ֣ԻȪؾڲŻܻŻоĴڡ
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ΪԼ̬ӵϢܻ
ЩԼ˵̫磬ʲôûҪȥڵԼ˵ƺ벻ʺϡ
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ɵһ͵ڶʣµĵɾԴ߾ͼˡͺһ·ߵĩΣûв·ֻȲǰбɡ
Լ־δɢ뱸
ΣɾԴߣֻˮɡ



2624 ɱʵ
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2625 Դ
ʶԴʯػκ깥ַڰʶ֮Уһεʶ֮ˮӨ͸̲ء
ʶ֮ˮ֮꣬ĸػźӡ
ʵַ㣬䲻ǿߣ겻ͬʶ޾ԴȪȿֿɹ
Ȼδع֮ͬǿߣǿأ
Ĺֱӣ򵥣Ҫ̫ӵơ
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Լʶİ磬ĻָٶȱضҲǼ졣
ӽ
깥
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־֪׷ɱʱᵽ֮޲־Ŀ֮£ںҲزˡ
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žԹƽݡλ̨ȵһУսûκãսһпʵ˵
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2626 Ȫ
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ܸܵеįӢ۳ĺûԹޣֻϧ
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Ȫǰӣ֪ҪԣַӦУ㲻ΪبŴУʺԴߣΪԽĴڣԼ߾ȫȥȡ
ǰδԸַŻȪǰԼӹǽʼ黯·Ҫʧ֮ǰ˵Ȼ
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ǺǺǺ~~ȪЦ̲޾пȥֶԹƺȥԹ߹·
Уʣµֻ̩Ȼƽ
չ˾塣ȪӰ黯֮䡣
ַʧӰ΢΢ʾ𾴡
ǣǰ



2627 Ѿ
᲻µģ顣
ַܸоȪǰ飬Լ᲻µҲǵ򣬻һ壬Լˡ
ԻȪǰ˵ĺӡ
˻ͻѪΪ÷ܣÿһǿߵϣѪ
ַ壬ڼ߲á
ȻͻȪǰֻһ棬̸ȴ·ʶѾá
ԼܳΪԴߣҲǻȪǰ·ԨصԴģԼΪԴе谭ȫ
Ȫǰʦѡ
İǰ
ֻҪһػ壬ջһĻȪؾ
Щ£Ȫǰû˵ԼҲܲµ
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ͷ̫ԼʦΣԼȫ²͸صװȪǰһͷϣ֪Ȫǰġ
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ȪǰԼѷ£ԼԲһ٣ԼȪǰҲƼˮ֮꣬¾ΣҲδ֪
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ͻǰַ뿪Ȫ֮·



2628 
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˵ǻһԶؾ޾ɱŻʱУɼ
ⲻϣǿؾͬʱҲһӴľݵ㡣

Ϊ֪ڰӵ״̬һ֯Ȳ಻ǿݣĴڡ
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ĴڣΪάУάƽ⣬Ϊ־١ӣ־һ˿ִÿһ
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1018飬18Ϊ񴫳飬1000񴫳飬ܴУ£ܻ־֮ͣλ
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񴫳гΪù֮һ֮ӱ־񴫳飬ɾʹ֮λ
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һΣҾΪʥͫո¶ºâֱ·Ұ
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ǣˡ΢΢Ұ¶ݣĲЦݣ죬ֻ׳ֱ۷વָӰʧڴϡ
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ޱߵ޾½룬һ޴ĳӵ񣬺ţִһɱ¾ϢĴ󵶣ǵӶ˵Ĵʼˡ̫桯
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⣬ֻͨĵ
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2629 
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~~
ַǰ֣Ƿ·ʵһ⣬Ŵʱһӣͷ뷢ҰˣͼһȻĸо·
˫ͫҰ˸žâǽַ忴ͨ͸ޱȡ
վ˸еһȻľ
ûѹҲûκͺһɽҰĴˣƫƫžµʣ˲Խĳݡ
̫棡
ַǰַ帩ף
ǰӣ̫ĵоųݲԶ
ǰ̫ЦҰͫ͸żְ֮⣺ѲΪŵ֮
ַһЦ
漴ϥأֵַ壬ݼʦ
ͷ̫Ц
ַӶʦ֮񲻿ɷϡ
ֻ䣬ܸо̫ȷԼΪͽд˼ԵϧһߣмʦǺѰ֮£δκԽ֮ݡ
ã
񣬶Ϊҵͽܡ
֪ʦֺͶʦ֣ͽ뿪󣬸л㰲һУ뵣ġ
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ֻ̫չͽܣͽܸԪͳϽӶˣͽƶԪ𣬿һҪ͸Ԫһϸ¡
ԼΪ̫ͽܡ
ֽݺɺʱδܹͽָ֮ѽݴ̫һЦٿгһѻͷ󵶣Ϳֲִһѡ
Ǻӣ治ô̫һģַҲǿЦԪ޵Ԫ̫˵һĲֵ
ͽ⵶ҪΪʦ
̫ٵԭʱ仯쮡
һ̣¶߰ƣ



2630 ƻ
˵Ϊ̫ߵΪѪ
ˣͽ
µһ˲䣬̫ʩչǿŲĺӰƬΪһ壬ÿһε£湲𵴡
һʩչһɲǣַඥ
Ǿͺ֮ǰϢ汾һݽ겣ڵ֮·ϣģ壬ȴյ㡯ģ
Ⲣյ㣬ԶԼھյ㡣
ַԼճΪţҲδܳԽ̫һס̫
ԼȻ޷̫ϾԶԼڵľų̈ף̫¡
ʦҲԼ̫ÿһ̲صĶһĵ֮һһֱ·ʦϣԼ򵶷ڣȻ󡪡
ʺԼĵ
ֻԼĵ
~~Ц̫յʱַȻѣȫޱĵ֮Уһ˲·ȥԪ֮á
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ʦҸղŸ˶ãַЩ¡
ã̫ˬʴЦԪǾԪһ˲Ǿһ˲
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һַ
̫ЦĵʵǿԺƶˡ
ַһ㶡
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ͽסַ֪ʦ̫ǲԼʱԴʦκβ֮⡣
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츳һС
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̫ͷ
ָһ㣬Ǵ£ֱͷ
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պмǺúи򡣡̫¶Цݡ
лʦַܸоʦ̫棬еӡԼԺҲķ˲پʦղԣݡɺУƺһΣԡ
ڻȪؾԼҲ֪ˣ⻹и߲εĴڡ
صװԴ죬飬Դ磬ЩԼ˵Ϊʱ磬֪Ҳû̫ô
룬ҪԼȪǰһǿ
ʵ㹻ˣ֪ģȻ֪
֪ΪΪͽ̫滰һתȻ
Ȼı飬ٲȻ͸ղģѲͬ
ΪȪǰַй⣬̫浱ԼΪͽҪԼΪԴߣԼ֪ԪֹΨһһԴߣǾǻȪǰ
ټϻȪǰյ䣬ƺԼʦ̫Īϵ
ɱġ̫Įƽɪİȴֳģַ岢δ˵Ҳûκθ鲨
Լ˵Ȫǰд֮˴ҲֻƼˮ꣬㲻ö
ߣԼǵӶһԱ
ʱҡ̫ᣬ̫嶯̫ЦһЦȴһ˿Թȥļ棬Ӷˣͼչε緢ȴ롭
־Ĺƻ󡣡
ƻ
ַеǺܺʦôʡ
־ܹƻߣ
̫һʱϣҵΪʦΪʦ̸һʽסϣҳ֣ɱȪԭǴûȪɳʱԭ棬棡
Ц
ǸЦ
ҧгݣֱֿ̫ڣٲȻǼ̹ġ
¶µڶͻ
ַ徲š
Լ֪ģԴ֮·ȶԭٶԭ棬һ־ƺûƭˣʦ˵һ䣬ȴЩʡ
Լԭ򣬲δԭ෴Ǿԭ
кܴļʣʱԭ棬Ҳһ档
־Ɒ޳ܵļһƭӣ̫Ȼˣ棬Ȼʹ졣
ʲô棡Լ



2631 ֵ
ַȻ
԰
ԭ棬һԭ汾־ԭ档ԭΪδɳûԼ־ԭаkһ塣
һԭ汻ᣬ־Ȼڡ
̫һ˵ַ״ţӰ˼ΣԼʦҲϵϾڵģһµĵ־
ʦ뵽־ҲС˽ġʱ
ͷˡ̫泤һϵʵҲһ־ƭңϾ־ǣֻһֱܡܿϣϼһΣ˵˵
񣬲־ѶϢнߡ
˶˽ģͬˡ
־ᣬԭ䲻𣬵ԭƿؾͲ־ʧȥ־ĸ裬ʵ
ַ͸
Լ֪־Ӧûô࡮Ĩǡ˵ƭƻʦ
־Ϣֱ˵
Ϊkûǻۡ
־Ӧҵģˡ
̫ͷʱʵֻͷᣬۿգ棬տĲϾǺɺһжҪѭ淨־Ϊ׼򡣡
k㷽㣬Ǿ˳˳ˮkҪٲǱ޴
־ӦҵȣɱȪ󣬻ҵԭ濪֦ɢҶͼչһϣkδƭ
ԭˡ
ַʱȫס
־һŵһְвܲӴѵյ̫ˣ־˱ʽס
ֻ˵Ǻ͵˱ʽס
ʱʽ׵ģۿۺ棬ռ߱¥Ŀߡ
ʦ̫𣬴¾㲻Ҳַ־ͻȪǰʱȻǲݡ
ڵԼ־ҲͬĽ֡
̫泤̾һ·ࣺѳһ̣԰ȥΪһӬͷС۵ԼԪ
ֵá治ֵá
УΡ
̫ԣµħ
ȪǰѾˡַ̫˵
ޣ̫ٿ˼صͷΪʦˣͽȪôºãǸ÷ˣҲ÷ˣ
ҡҡͷ̫ȻǷŲ¡
ô׷£һѾ¡
Ȫǰ֪ʦһֱӻž壬ӻŻȪ֮·ʦǷȪǰģʵѾˡ
־ûȪ֮·ô
϶ᡣ
Ȫ֮·ȻڣԨԱȪǰĴԪδֹͣйһнɱȪǰôܻնݲ
Ϊʲô
ԣΪʦڱӣҲֻʦȴڲܲ־ȥӻȪ֮·񺡹ǣõȡߡ
ȫܿóʦߣ־ġƻ󡯣һĴ¡
ַǲ
֪ȥϸڣϵһ£ʵһжͨ͸ˡ
ˡӶʦɾʹߣ겻ɱȪǰΪֱԹڻַ岻ס
ǿ֮·˭ûɱ
ʱһνɱǴͬԼ֮ǰҲɱˣⲢʲô
Ϊʱǵзѣô򵥡
ʦͻȪǰزʶ㱻ϣƻ󣬵Ҳһʽףû˭˭־˽Ҳû
־ͷǵ⣬ԱУ
ʦΡɱȴԪԼһء
ΪΪʦĨɱԼһԵ̫ҡͷĿַ壬翴ԼĺӣΪʦΪ˴δǧɽһΪԴΪƷ
ǳ嶯޴ɱȪΪʦΪֺֹڴˣ
ɶ񣡡
ַȻ
ʵﵽʦֲΣҪһѱȵ죬䲻֪Ȫǰܰʦʲôʦô˵һĵֻԼڲ
ϣѹʦʼеȥټϱǱƭƻ󣬴ɱȪʦûڲѡ
յѧɣʦõŵ֮߾ȫַ帩׵
Ȫǰܰʦ϶ΪǶһ޶ԴߡȻȪǰܰʦôԼҲܰʦ
~~
̫Цַ͸żЦ⣺㵹ǻ飬ˣΪʦ֮ΪͽΪĲԼǵմӦȪĳŵ
סַ
̫ͷĿ䣺ߣΪʦкǧɽƲ׿һС߳ǧɽǴɾͷǷ
߲
ǺǣǱ㳤ڴˡ



2632 лʦ
ɺǧɽ
̫沢δϸ˵ַҲ֪֮ͨأʦʵᱻס֪ԼľƺҲòȥȪǰ֮Ŀ
ԼҲ̤·
־͵׷ŹԼ統߽ףɱȪǰһ
ԭ棬־ġȨ̫ˡ
ͽ뵣ģΪʦ·Ụȫ̫濴ַ壬΢ЦɰĴ̫ʦֺͶʦڣû˵㡣
Դӵ棬ɱ䣬̤ȴߣʱ뿪ԭ棬ɺ
ԭ棬־裬Ӵ󣬵ɺǺǡ
ɲˡ
Ϊʦɺ޾Ԫʶǧʱ塣ϧΪʦںǧɽȻֻ̫ɻȫ
ִ̫ս͹԰
һ־Եʵţ˭İԵС֮⣬ǵҲ˿塣
лʦַоϲůġ
ԼԭΪе˼ģսȴʦϸ糾Ѱ׵⣬صġ

̫̫ԡ
֮һʮʮ٣ܿ˾֪һ߷׷׸¶ǿߡ
̫ˣ
Ѿδ顣
ټĹ㳡ˮйͨУƬնߵӰǣƱգǱɫâǵ̫Ȼ𾴣Щڰ˽
ʲô
еľ󲿷ֻ֣˵δۼ顣
ڼ̫棬Ҳ룬˵ӶΪ̫濪ѽ˴ͽܸԪδ¶
ǿǣ඼δ̫档
Ʃ簲
ַʦ̫֮һ֪ݴΪַʦˣѰַ嵱ͽܡ
ͽǰ;кǿ
ԷСǳַܱ̫֮ΪͽܣΪַеˣҲҪΪ̫ͽܣһ֮¡
У϶ޱȿ̵
ûʣַ֪ˣˡ
ַ壬ֻǸսߣʵðе΢΢¶ǴǿߵһֱһָӦ
ͽַ壬ںǿ
ȵյߣǿǿһɳģֱ棬Ϊһ޵
Ϊǻ
ͽַ壬ȴȵҪǿҡ
ǿö࣡
ͽĲǻߣҲԪߣһߣҲǺ棬ûжʣΪַ֪ܾ̫ܿΪͽҪԭ
ڵӶ˴޾Ԫ𿴹̫ࡣ
츳̫֮涼ϣֽѳΪԪǿߵɡĵȵȣԪǿΪͽܡ
̫棬һֻͽܡ
ͽܸԪ𣬿̫һƵӶˣȨʵߴϵ֮ס
ͽƶԪ𣬿һԸ߰ʦָԪ𣬰оߴϵУ̫һ䱾ʵգ˵ѲȸԪ
ͽܣԭжպգͷԪ
ʵԪ۷塣
ַΪ̫ĵͽܣô
ʱգСͽܱض˷ˣȫ档˫ֻأɹâµ̫񣬺ڴ
ͽܵʤһʦĽ
ΧмᣬԲ˵ᣬĽʣ̫ˣϾ˭˽ģ˭˵еĴ̫棿
ַֻһˣ̤ߵȦӣۺ졣
Ŀ⣬ѹʵֹǰбģֲ˼ԼߣĿխѳɴ
ܿ죬Ǿͻ֪Լж޴
ǷһĨЦĿңԶ
ǸоǿϢĵԶ𡢻ǿö࣬ռʱ·ֹͣư羪ˡ
ǣ
λˣǿϢ
ԣˣǣԪˣ
쿴
Щš
Ȼϡ棬Ͼֻǵ񣬲ûκѹԪȴͬվԭ涥˵ǿߣʵλǼ塣
һģ
μԪˣˢˢһƬڻ߹



2633 Ϣ
Ԫ٣
Ԫ졣
λмһɫӵӣϸµƲͷϽĶǣ̲޾˫֣вŭ֮ȨӶ˵޵Ԫ𡪡
Ԫ
̫Ĵͽܡ
źڰ׵ͷڣɷǣõǶһ޶Ļ塯ǵַΪͽĵԪ𣬸Ԫ֮ͽ
ҲһЦȻľŮӣƺԶЦݣϾЦݷ·޾ħ̬ȴ
ǵӶʮԪУɡһŮӡЦԪ
ԪĵԪЦԪߴϵ̫һԪ̫һҲߴϵУΨһӵԪϵ
ߵĵƬ㳡ߡ
УϢԪ𱳸˫֣ŭĿɨһߣۻڹ㳡š
һϢʦʽַΪͽѳʦּչ̫򡣡
䣡
㳡ʱը
һߵɴ۾ȫǷ£Ϣ̫ͻȻ̫𺧣ǿ̫棬˵еĴߣеľ󲿷֣δһ档
գһ½ȴ̫Ϊͽܣ
һȽ֮£֡
ַʱҪڣѱĽͼû
̫жδչͽˣ
̫ã̫á
õǶ֪̫
Ϊ̫ͽܻô
һɳ죡
һҪһͽʱǾǲϧ۵ģΪЩ۶һ߶ԣֵһᡣ
̫ͽܣȫ۷Ԫ
ȻǱ츳йأҲٲ̫Ϥ࣬ܳ˷ˣǸߵĲΡ
ܷɾʹߣҪ컯ˡ
һ㣬ҲΪ
ڶϢͬ죬йɣⲻʦϲ£ҲǵӶһ׮ϲ¡λǰȥȡĻ羧͹׶ȣ뱾ʵҹ
⣬ʦһԪλڴиܸ٣Ϳ컯ˡ
~~
ϲ
˵һϢ𺧺ĽʣôڶϢǴľϲ羧ߺͻԶ൱Ҫģڹ׶ȸÿһ߰ǿ߶Ҫġ
л羧û׶ȣ޷һߵȱġ
֮ǰ߶ַ廹ЩʣȻɢ
ַ屻̫Ϊͽܣľѳۣ컯ĽҲûãֻ˵˸ûôõ
ΪַĹϵǵõ˲ƵĽ㲻Сջˡ
뵽⣬ڻ߶ַ岻˺øС
ĵԪЦԪԪ¶֮ɫֶκǺʦǲԶˣ䣬ʦ㽫һߡΡ÷
Ȩһͷ
ֻһӬͷСëϣ㽫ȫڿ
ʹԪʩЩݡʵҲûʲôЩ񣬱ϾܳΪߵģÿһĸ츳ףСģ˶ԵӶ΢ʡ
ڣⶼӭж⡣
ûȫ⣬ҲٳΪš
ǻᴫȾġ
ʹЩлǲˬҲᱻΧոȾȴ־߶ԣһҡ
ҪǣΪϢȴˡԤ롯
ǻ֪ĵЦǰϢֻССˣ𺧵ǵϢΪһϢһȻ󲨡

ΪԪǿߣǼ̫棬ҲָܹͶݡ̫κεָԪȻȫ֧֡
һΡ
ϢԪĿɨϲʤߣһˮͷ£λҪս׼
ս׼
Щ
ȥս˭ս
ãã棬һ˵죬Һ͵Ӷ˽а壿
ѲɡͷҪսô
Ȼڻɻ󣬵ԪȻûֻͣ繫Ϣһ򵥵гοԼҲǷķս
δȻȴһԤûġ
֣㳡ʱ缯һ㣬Ԫ𹫲Ϣһһ𺧣Ʋű߼ʣĵ²
Ϣһ֣ԡйġ
˵ַǲǵͷ
ҾòǣߣҲڻ͵Ӷֱӿս϶ԭ򡣡
̫࣬߿һûУַǱٸߣҲһ漶սֻдɣԪһ𡣡
㼺顣
Ȼ䡪
~~~
̫ĹâȻ֣ʧַӰ»ص֮ڣȻĿǿ貵ǳ



2634 ʦ
ôˣ
մʦ̫гַһʱЩȻֻǽȥһСΧʱ飬ǻߣԼΧס
ৣַ֮һֱӱ̧ͷ
ĿۣǸԪĵԪЦԪ
λԪַϵĵԪģЦԪҲʦἰڴʦָԪȨӶˣ˭˲ʶ
ַμλԪˡַ΢΢ףڵӶ֪ڣʵϣҪ
Ʃǿ߼Ԫˣͨ߼ˡ
ͨ߼ǿ߼Ԫ𣬾ˡ
ʦַ֡ǶλĸԪ˵ͷ˵ʦ֪ʦֺͶʦַ֣廹ȷᣬν˲֡
СʦܡԪ¶һĨЦݣӰһַԡ
¼ʦжţձĵΪͽ
Ԫַ壬ǺЦţСʦ츳ޣǵʦΪͽܣʦֵһԵڣʦѾ˵ˡ
ʦڣ뵣ġ
һ˫ַЦݴиȾаȫСַ֪ʦ˵ʲô˼лʦ֡
֮䲻ҪԪЦЦ˴˵
ַš
תͷһ۱Ⱥеİ΢Цͷ˫ֻأ¶ƽЦĴָ
û˵˴˸֪⡣
߰ɡŸԪ£ַ壬ĵԪЦԪһƿռ䣬ʧ뿪
㳡·֮̾Ŀþɢ֮ȥ
ǣĽ
һߵСһ̫ΪͽܣԪԼˣĵԪЦԪƽƽ̫ۺ졣
Ծţ
˷ʱˣɣ
򣬴߾Ǵߣ̫ˣ
һԪһҶͻƿУҪлַ壬õôõĸ
ǰ飬󡣡
̤֮·
ʱѪǿѲҪ棬Ҽվͬһϣֻ˭̡࣬
羧͹׶Ҳ裬Ͼ
Ψ򣬲Ҫġ

̫
̫ڣǸԪ֮Ϊʦ̫棬ӶˣԪƽ൱æµ
һ棬ڸؾĥҡ
һ棬ֳʶӶˣͷԷô״ǵӶڲìڶ࣬ϵϡ
ʦƶԪ֦ͬҲǲҪ
˵ͷ໥ƴǿҲھѰΪͷֻȡͷ֮һ
СʦԺһԪ΢ЦʦСʦԼҪߵ·ȥʦ˷Ӱ֮·
סַͷ
ʦߵ·ʦԼģҲ
ԼҪߵģһͳ֮·ϢΪԴӳΪģ档
ûκ˿ΨпԼ
ңҲȥĵЦ̣Ƕ㡣Ԫ˵ţٿüͷ΢΢һšԶ૵ô졣
ĵԪתͷ
ʦĵԪ𹧾ͷ
ַϤһ»֮ԪԸЦԪ𣺡Ц̣ȥǱһˣ֪Ǳ
ǣʦĵԪЦԪӦ
Ԫͷأسɴ磬ܿ뿪̫ЦԪƳַһۣЦǲҲδ˵ֱ̫࣬ʧ
ټĴֻʣַĵԪ
ˣַĵԪ
ĽʦĵԪɷǣǵȻƽ飬΢΢ЦʦȾ㣬ûܶ㣬ġ
ȫҲκǲá
ô࣬ú𹼸ʦʦһ⡣
ĵԪЦ˵ҿǻ棬ʦ֪سɴϧûΪͽܣź
˹ַǫ
գʦԼԭһͰĵԪΪʦ
µĹϵȻ׽
˭뵽СһתۣͳʦˡĵԪҲЦ㲻к֮
ʦ壿ַҲһ㶡
񡭡
Լʦ̫棬ΪԪƶԪʦܣһӾ͸ࡣ



2635 ˭Ҳ
̫⡣
ҰΪףʮù٣ǧִߣƺƵһ֧Ѫһ˫˫亮ͫУžͰȻ
ͷʲô
ԭ棬ǵ
ܲҲ̣൱߰ģˣȴͬһĴڣûǣûȶһԭ档
ٲ֣ǿҪȥˡҰɫưֻǿ׳ֱɢۻԴ־裬ʵԭ۷Ԫ
ΪôУʥǿڡ
վҰǰģսӣͷм͹ǽǣŵİƣǿ׳أһ򵱹ء
Ǻų޵
ԡһ˫ȭͬԴޱ飬ԵĴȴ㲻
һ𡢻ǿߣҲڶࡣ
̫ǵӶ˵ĵ̣̤㣬ǵҲСڻһս𣬶Ŷ
ʹ¹˭ţ
Ҫˣպ󻹲ľͷЦ
ߡҰŬŬ죬ܹսĿ⣬ֻǵӶ˱Ͼͷ֮һӲδغʡ
һȵôϻֱӴȥ˱ǡ
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Ǻʱ⹫˾Ϊˣ浽ʱʱ⹫˾ԪǿҲ½пռ磬߱¥еԪǿߡ
ݺ
ͷ֮С
յ޼ɵӶҪˣһȥʱ⹫˾ҪˣȥռҪˡ
ֻһĪе˭ܺ־ȥȷϣ
ԣͷǾԲԽǵߵġ
šַҲ֪Щ£Լ̫ˡ
վڴʦֵλãø࣬ҲøԶԲССһսʦԣԼ԰Ĵ̫
һۺ󣬸ǿ϶

ַҲ֪Զ
ⳡսֻǿˣһĻֻҪԼ̫򣬵ͲưոݣôŹԼ
ǿϣ־Ҳϡ
һɱԼ統սɱȪǰһ
ͷƻߡ
ԼҪһֱӻڴʦֵ֮£Ī飿
Լ޶õӶߣǿߵֻΪԼ
ĵ·ַԸߡ
ɺҵսȪǰһ䣬ҲԸ̫ίȫôʦֳΪĥģõӶ˳ܿѡ
̫ˡ
Ҫߣȴⳡʤ̣ߡῴַ룬̫˽ͽܣĽ
һģʦַӦ

ǽԪҵһս
һΣҪ׷߱¥𣬻һͷǶɾͷһδʱôңҲضá
ңǵһͷĻƴ

̴
ĵԪ񣬺ʹˣһ൱ҵսԵܱΪ֣Զʥ񲻸ʰˡ
һս涼Ƕ
һԡȫ֮Уһս٣ϾֻһһͻȫĵӶˡ
ڵӶˣ䱾ʵզࡣ
ǿԭ泬ȻĴڣ
գȴֵꪣԱ񣬿۷ԪĴڣǿߣ㲻ش澡ʧ
ħǹԪƶԪ𣬸Ԫһֱ
ĴͷҲڰ㼺ʵ͵Ӷ˭ǿǶϵӮֻһ
ӶȻӮһսҲ˽ǡ
Ԫǿ˲ᣬĵԪԪˣǿΪأڻͨߵĿͲˡ
κһ߲εǿ߶ǻ
ЩͨпܳɾͻԪǿߡ
ͷսٻĻʤ
νɱһǧ
ߣӶ֮սΪĽֻһ߼Сһַ̫ͽܣ
ҪߣԪַ壬ƺһҲ⡣
ǵģʦַ֡ɫƽһմսʱԼѾΪʦ˼մսˣʤѷ֣νٶ
ǲʦôҲûˣԪЦһЦ
ַ֮һЦ
ǧڲ֮С
Ԫףַļ򣺡˸־ʦֲǿסӶԶļңҺƶԶʦ֣ĳŲסˣ
ʦڣûܴ㡣
һģʦַ֡ů󣬺͸ԪӵȻΪʦֵܵʱ䲢ã˴ȴǰ㡣
ȥɡԪȻһЦʦֵ𡣡
šַתͷʦƶԪ˫ֻأڴǰ



2642 ʱһ
ƶԪҵͷںĽѾӡ
һƶĺɫ˫ֻؿڴǰԶ븻Ԫ߼Ȼһңûκν̸
ʦַ֡幧
ԼԶʦ˽Ⲣ࣬ʹʦȫָԣ̫ӣԼҲδʦһ棬
ԼΣʱʦֺԥվ˳
ʹʦм϶ȻӣԼ
šƶԪƳַһۣһɫľ͸ʯϷһĿսͼڣȻǳ໢
Σʱһ㡣
ƶԪ䣬ַȴů
ʦԣʦȣǱ顣
лʦַ֡£·Եü⡣ʦֺͶʦָԲͬ﷽ʽҲͬʦ־ܼһԼչ˵ðȡ
ʦֱ࣬һѪ
սݾʵڽ˵鷳ƶԪͷһƲЩȻͳʹ󺰡ɱĹƶʦܡԻ㡣
ޡַһЩѰ
ĿʦֵĲƣͷңͷ棬ϸӢĻʮ
΢΢һЦַˡ
õģʦַ֡ͷ
ƶԪתͷһַ壺ûҪͱҺ
ʦסַס
Լʦ֣ɱĹкܡ⡯Ĺϵ
ƶԪûɷһһ˵̫ʲôеĵȥߵЩӣƶʦܣ̫ͽܣ
һɱһԲҪ飡
ƶԪҧгݣ˫⺮տҳɾʹߣضѵָ췭ظ
ַһЦʱһʦ֡
ƶԪͶĿ⣬żȥɣһŵǸϽĸвͬҿ㣡
ǺǡַЦһ
Ͻʦÿɲᰡ

ַ壬ˡ
ûй£ҲûвҴţֱ̫뿪ǰսĿãϢȻ
ţԵ顣
ԪҲûκνͣһоô䵭ȻйĲ²ҥԡϵӶ˸մһĴʤ˭ҲỳɵӶ˵ʵ
ȫǿ߳ҪµӶˣҲȻ˾޴
ʶַ̫뻹кܳһʱ䰲
ȴѡ뿪ȥ
缤ˣѡַЩԵӶ˵С˭ҲỳǵӶˡơַ塣
Ϊ£ǵӶƴ֮ʱ
һͷĴʤӶһʱ꣬ǹĴͷȫյٶţ֮ǰû뵽ġ
ʧ֪Ǹ

ؾ
ֲ֮һôأʥ࣬ڻϣǰǰɵؿʥһ˫ͫ޾ŭ
£ԭֻʣʹˣ䣬µĴѴɫùѡܷδ֪֮Ҫʱ䡣
ɾʹ֮λҲҪʱӦȥǿϱ˵ʱôؾֻʣλ
裡
ʥԣǼΧ˻Ȫʧһδ衣
һεĳ
ΪǵһͷײԪ𼶱ĶԾԭײȴˡ
ֻصҲһ
Զ̣ʥδж˵ȫʧܡ
Ҫ
ǿߣӶ˴һ
ַ壬Ѿ뿪̫
ɶ񣡡ʥԽԽԭֻץַ壬ȴڵӶǰ˸ǣûı
һֱʲô
άת֮
ַһߣʲôȥ͵Ӷ˿ս
Ҫ׽ַ壡ʥŭȼգžžϣ֮ʱӶ˿϶ǰҪˣ֡
ʱԩԩг𱨳
̤ǰһ˫
Ұԥһ£δǰһһʼϸԪ֮Ԫϻ˲ˣҪʱ侲
һ۴ذƲҰᡣ
ʹܵ˾͸ˣڴ
׼ʥһӡ
ȻʵȲͺֻͣ׽һַ壬´ࡣ
ôҲԪǿߡ



2643 118814434
սԭ汻Ϊäĵش
ԣֿٵս
ԣųԽǿѹ
־޷Ƭäͷ޷Ƭɱ¾Ѫȵĵսĥ֮ء
ѳ
޾ԪսĳǿߣǿߣԪǿߣų϶ս
ֻоѪɱ¾ĥµߣŻϿɡ
ڵˡϢԻǧ澵ĻòַͣȫһˣϵļҲѾȫȥ
Ҫó׵ס
ַ֪ͨ󣬵ջȪǰҲ飬ڱòı׵ãȻ׷·š
ȪǰҲս
־޷͸սȴܸ񣬴һЩ
ȪǰֻһˣɣȴҲԮַůůԼ뿪̫뿪˵Ӷˣʦ֣ʦַ·ȻԼߡ
ǱԪȴԼһˡ
Լ뿪ʱԪǰ׷豦ֽ顣ǧ澵ЦԪ
ڵӶ˵ı⣬ַһûá
֮뿪ʱʮλԪÿһҲǶ඼ʦֺͶʦģ۷
У߼ϾǶǿ۷ԪԼʮֿ
ʮļַصԴģȻ
Ԫǰһ⣬ȻһЩȫʺϣǱߡԪǿ߶ԣһҲȷʵ㲻ʲô
ʮļַֻ
һǿԸıòǧ澵һĻնݡͬһĻġ
ѶȣҪСöࡣ
һҲķʱõġúɰ108ƬúɣÿһƬú10080ɰɣǧ򻯣޾
ַ˵ƿͬʱܸõ
һߵĹƣ޳ַ֮屾࣬Ϊϡýսõôأ
磬ʩչĵеȵȣ¶˿ױ¶
һʤ֮ʱ˲ʵ
һ¶뽫ȫɱһַһϸ΢⣬ͻᱻץסٲ
ҵĽв귽档
ַǿģȻ깥
аʶ֧ţ걾⵽£Ա𼶱սһڵ߱ġ
һʦġ̫ƿߣصԴ飬ʱʵؽԾ
ʱ򣬲Ҳջ㹻սսַ粽֮ͨУǰ治ϱãʱţΧʱһЩɫӰǽսߡ
սս֮
ԴʦԣսԵв͡սûôףʵҪﵽϡ
ңҪս㹻ġս
֤ܷɵĹâַͷ֮ϣ鼰ȫַֻǰһУ˲̹ʧ
֤ͨ
𣬡ϲΪսʿ118814434պսŻ£ǰȻһ̹ĺɫƣϷȻһ޴ġߡ
֡ߡ·Ǳ118814434
ַӹƣ룬˲ȫƿء
սڱһأһռ䣬šս漣ȵַһ˳
118814434ѡս򡪡
ķѪս֮·
ܵ࣬âֳ֣һͨ
ͨ㣬Ҳͨխ
ɷһ£ַ
ķѪս֣塢塢ħ弰ȺͬΪˣɱսͳƸսս
֮·壬ֻս
ַͷ
ǰөĻϣҲгսĲͬ𡣼֮һŵĻսһǸ֮ս
ķѪսԵһ㣬սۻϣΪٺͳȺսۻ졣
֮·ʸһЩսۻ⿴࣬١
ܵ˵߲Ҳ̫
ֻϲá
šַܿ



2644 ǵ
СַһЦ
̤ҲͨͬʱͨͶʱʧ·һһ硣޾ַͨһ˶УȻ
Сߵ·Ҳϲ·
һ˶ûʲôãҪκˣҲӰ쵽κˡ
ķѪսʸͣսսۻ٣սԽԽ࣬ⲻַ׷ġ
սٶ࣬Ҳֻսѡ
ַҪĲȫ棬ǻʵʵڵġ׷ɱд
ķѪս˭֪ԼȺ
ԼսۻȻΪ٣ĿʱǱҲزס
۴һܽķѪս
ߣķѪսҪӴ̫ˡ
Ӵö࣬¶ĿԾʹ
֮·ҲˣһСӷءУҪһ˶УԼһߣսԵù죬ע⡣
߽սġ衯ߡ
ַĴ㡣
Ѱ߽սѡķѪսͶ֮·ļһһ룬֮·Ҳһ˶Уһ㶼ѡһ֧Сȥĥ¡
һսսʲôϤۻһЩǲͨߵʵǱߣô츳жٸǿߣ
ʶһ֧ǿߵС֮٣ٲҲҪһ֧۷εСӡ
Աı
֮·ַǰУ޾֮·һΧʱһЩ׵㣬ǺԼһ֮·ߡ
ߣǶĳڣһԳƻʳưԣͳһƬ
սֻһսʿ
սʿַǵöԣƺԢʲôս⣬ԭλڡä־޴͸
ߡޡɱĹַǵôʦָԪԡ
սλߡ
սӦкԴֻ߱ǺԴַҲǺ棬޾ͨ
ǺԴҲûֹܷ־͸
սǡߡԻ塢ġһַʵڲ²⣬ȻеӶˣôǲе塢Ӷˣڶһ
棬ֹһ
ںɺкܶ档棬ַݸһЦ
Լǿ֣ΣķֻûһƲȴźɺ뿪ԭ档
ⱾԴߵıؾ֮·óɾ֮λߣǰɺ
һ㣬ͨԪǿȲ˵ġ
սַڴΡó̡ؾߡԪһ޴̨
͵ǿߣĥնԼҪһС
ߵԭʼɭ֣ǿΪ
һСͨ˸ãңԶľͷǹǻǳ׹䣬ַֻһᣬʱ
һۻϢ˫̤棬Χɢŵǹ⣬
Զǹ⻮ն΢΢Ĺâө񷣬Ŀѣ롣
硣ַ岻̾ĿɨܣԼһƬӪأֲƣ߽ٸࡢ塢ħ壬Ⱥ
ʵǿΪ۷ߣߵ߾Ӷ࣬еΣ߷١
һս߲̽սǿһ̶ȣƿʱŻսͨսսͻơ
ԣٵġ
һߣʵеߣԸߵߺ۷߾Ӷࡣ
ϣˡ
ӭǴ½
СһûȤǹСӣǵĶӳ󡯿411ǵǿ۷֮һ
ܱţôǶӳҲǿ۷ߣ~~
ΧߴںȾƣ⣬Ц֣д޾
ַܿУһ˵˵ЦЦ˿ûκΡӡ
̫⣬ע⣿
ԽȻԽɣԽԵƽƽ档
µַ壬һͨߣոսսΧһȫȻ֪İ档
Ǵ½սʮս֮һ
½666ǵ죬ÿǵǧߣ
411ǵ졣ĸǵ쵹νΪַûǵ춺̫ãǵʵǿҲ½ǿս



2645 Ĭ
ַʵǵĴڡ
켣666ǵģ඼ߣǿߵıٷ֮һһǵ죬аٸǿ߻Ƕ죬ҴǳȺеȻ
ߵȻ۷𣬻϶ǰ½Ϊǵѻս
֮·Ҫսַֻһɸ񣬶Ƕһͻ羧ǻɱͬߡ
ûһҪͬս
ǿ߻ɱߣòκսɱͬεĻǿߣսҲǰȡġ
۷Ϊɱ۷ɻ50%սɱߵȻΪ30%ɱеȻΪ20%ɱȻΪ10%ֻлɱԼȽ׸ߵǿߣܻ100%ս
Խ׻ɱ200%ս
ǵϵ񣬱٣ããвһЩ̫Ѱ١ۻᣬǴ½½ļ֮ء
ﲻвƵͱдĻǿߡ
ʮս֮һ
˵ĬֵܣҲ̵ã۷߲ս~~˵һͷˣƤ棬ͷһݣǺ
սַ廯ĬȡԺ֮Ĭ
ַɢġ۷ߡ
ǧ澵
ܸıòΣܸı䣬ַ¸ӵ͸ǧ澵ɢϢ۷塣
һǿ߸ӦϢػĴɻ
ӵϢıҲᱻΪĿꡣ
ַ壬Сġ
װߣһսʵͻ¶۷ߵʵǵϵȣñݡ
ַȻȥ½սҲ֪ļԲȶ
µʵȥ½̫ΣգûеǿҲܶԸġ
սϾΣķһҲʵû취ͻƲƿŽġַװ̾ҡҡͷ
ǵСͻƾͽˡͷؿڣԺͣսͨһδɱ¾սΪ۷ߡ
ַĴָ޵
ͷˡ͡΢ͷ­۾Ц411ǵ찳˽⣬ĬֵĸŰܿΪеսʿ
ͷţˣԼҲǳսʿʲôеսʿԶһŰֺ˹ϯ
ǹСӵĶӳ󡣡ЦŶַ
ĬַգսӪʱ󡯵֣˵411ǵǿ۷ߣ
ޣһмô
ϵİ΢΢һ£ȻЦֵ̧٣ǵ֮󣬱ȹĳǿĴڣֵһᡣСֵŽģ
ͺһʼ壬ӪػҪҪɱʲôװġ
ͣ΢ЦԲӣɱսĹأҶ޷ΥҿԺദ
Ӫأǽֹɱ¾ĵ
ÿһǵ죬Ӫأ˸ս䵽Ǵ½ôȻһǵӪء
ֶַ֪кν飿
ַȤЦ˶ԣսսȥɱǺܲǵΪһԵϤ߾þɱ¾Ҫߵսǿöࡣ
ǵСͺžƣһš
ЦŵǵСǽֻһСʻ괬ѭ򽥽ıȽϺá˵ԲԣĬ֣
šַͷ
ַͬϵİֺ벻ŵĬּ۷Բȱ羧Թĳ޼Ĭֿȶһ羧ۻ10սΪ1սʿ񡣡
սսʾġ
սʿΪսʿеսʿ͸ߵսʿ
гսʿϸΪ1սʿ2սʿ3սʿ10սΪ1սʿ100սΪ2սʿ1000սΪ3սʿ
սֱӽһҲû
ҪΪеսʿҪۻ10000ս
ĬֿòĻٿʵ
Сַ
΢Цоٺòˣ羧һսޣÿһ10սҪķѶʮĻ羧һҲͶһ50սҪΪ2սʿҪ100ս
ͨĳȻҲܶһ50ս
᲻úײסǣȻûãĬִȶһΪ2սʿ˱ܽӵ񣬶սǲʧģĬֽʱսһõĻһá
ַࣺأ



2646 ֮·
Ĭֵܿиоսڲͬ롣
ַƬ̣
ԭתӦͺվһ俴ü߽Ĺÿһ
սȴ߳һƬޱߵĹ㳡ٿ߽硣
ȷ󣬵෴ĸ򷴶
вͬôǱԴ
һͣΪֻƫ棬ȻﵽʱһƵķѸľ
֮ǰȰ㣬Ӧһ򡣸ͬһó㹻ͻƻ𡣡
ͷоƺһһм㲻Ҳûͻơ
ҡҡͷһӲɽ̵ģתַ壺Ĭ֪࣬ԡ
ַ֪
ԭ֧ʱ䡢ռ䡢ÿһ֧һ֮·ҪΪͨߣֻһһ̶ȱɡ
ΪҪĸһﵽεĸ׼
ΪҪĸһﵽεĸ׼ﵽεĸ׼
ΪԪҪȫĸһﵽԪεĸ׼ﵽεĸ׼
ȻⲢһ
רһҲͬУǡƵ
սһ㹻սԶԶʱҲõϡ
Ʃ۷ߣ10000ĸ򳬳𼶱ʱһɱͻơ
֮·̫խ
ԸΪԽ࣬ζԭԽ࣬ԭϣ򶼻
һʱߣĸ֮ǰܲΪԪ֮ĸȻӡ
мѭͻҲˮɡ
רһ罣ƫ棬߼ʱεˣҪսԽ󼰵ļޣϼѡ
ַߵ·ѡ
ԴߣҪ˵ԭûеģֻ˵ġ
־
ԣԭһߵ൱ϡ٣ԶԶߣ־ߣ߶ûС
ΪԭûСޡ·Բ־
ַսѿżĸȴΪǿȻѴﵽ߲ΣûһﵽĸΣ޷Ϊ
ңַҲΪ
Դ֮·൱һڲ֮ͬ·ͨߵĽַҪΪȫﵽεĸ
Զѵöࡣ
ԭ棬ռ䡢ʱ䡢һ̣ҪһһԶ
ս󣬳ԭĹ
ͬʱ໥ڣΪһ壬ַо·ûмޣԶԭҪԶ
ø࣬øԶ
˵ԭЧʻߣַԣЧԶʤԭ档
͹̽ùĸַҲǵ֪ܶսܣͨЧδػԭΪսС漣Ĵڡ
ָ漣ֲͬЧ
Щ漣ֻʱҲЩ漣ֻڿռЩ漣ռں
ӦоС
սһսһ֮ء
漣鲼սսռпɲѯֻһսɽȻѾߣ޷롣
ǼԽߵ漣սԽࡣ
ĬֵܿԿһ¹ĳĽ飬Ҫ룬ĳλӭЦݣ漴ַ壺ĳ£һ
һ濼ǵġַ
ŹԶȥӰʧһԶԺȾƵʹĻͷԴ̽˹Ĭֵܣ㵱ҪСӣ
ôˣַЦ
»ѹ˵˻ģҲӳ˵ģСӵķôá
šַЦЦ
Űϲ⡣
ַСڵһƬ΢Ц֮ĲޣԼԣСһǶԵġ
ȻദǢҲ̸ַϸ΢ľ͸֪ġ֮ǰ˵ҼսӪɱ¾飬ֺ˿ף
ˣ



2647 һ
СǱߣĸСš
ôûлһֱϸͫ׵ħ߿ڵ
Ǻǡ룬Цеһ㡣
İСʪSϲʣ
оţһָһȻ
ৣ
߽ͫЩ١ȻǺܺеģʹõĶ۷һֻ۷߲гȻʮŻһ
սȻȻϡ棬Ҳÿ۷߶һ
սУȻļ۸񣬶һս100-10000䡣Ȼ10000Ȼһս٣ƷŻǧ
ճȻĳ̶ȣսĻռһ30%-80%䣬ƽ嵽ɡ
һȻԼòҲ׬ս
οַֹܿܲһ
һȻòģôһõõĳȻࡣ۽ǺЦ
˵죬Ǹ˽飬ͬʱҲ̽ˡ
û飬ϵս׻á
ʴȣ
Թ˵ֶսӵˡ
ʵΣʵ
üͷһֻ֪̽۷ߣһ֮·
һߣɫ΢΢һ䡣
Ƕ֪һߺΣա֮ͨһ߷ʯ٣һλͬȼ۷ߡ
깥ܿ¡
ƻߣûµġ룬ȻִеһƻСӣִ߲ͨеڶƻ
һէսˣԼԼ
ңˮһ١
Сĸ۷߻һۣ¶Цݡ

Ӫأʮ֡
ʱ˳֣ʱ߷أ߲ɱ۵ʱҪϢʱӪѱӻ
߱˴˳ԹӪ˭Ҳ޷֡
ֵ˲䣬ͻֱ
սĹأваߣӪ͵Ϯδü֣
սռ䡣ַʱʱ䣬ϸϸо
Եͺ˯ڵĶδ֮ǰһս˲ᣬԲδһӪ
ȹֱַǳ͸кøС
۶ս˽⣬ϵԼϹ
ս1ַսռУսõÿ1Ԫ޳1սɽ漣ҪսʿǼͶһǲġ
ȶһ10ս
ֱַӽ羧սռ䣬ʱ10羧ʧȡ֮սռУս11·Ҳһǡıǡ
ζԼΪսʿе1սʿ
ǰ10ս׻ȡֱӶһ10羧ɣÿһ߶õóҲΪƱ
Ȼ10羧ãǾֱȥɱ
1սʿԽˡ
ʮսзƩѰɱ̽յȵȡһеȼƣԵ֡
Ǵ½Ϊ½½ÿһǵе
ǵ඼123ͺˣڳսʿټɵõһսǱ
ֻ½Ż4ϵ
ĬϵǣǵΪ4սʿҪ½
10羧=1սַЦһ10սһ¾ǵʮͬ޶ֻܶһ10ս
ķ100羧ֶַһ10ս
һʱ䣬10羧1ս100羧1ս
һ50սַ111110羧൱һȻȫҡԣһս˶һļޡ
10սҪ100羧
ٽ10սҪ1000羧
ԣʱʦָһе񿨡ַ֪ʦֵġ࡯1000ڻ羧Ĵ񿨵ı׼
ʱԼһϾʦ𣬶ֻ񿨡
Ԫǿ˵羧ѲҪ
ֱӳΪ2սʿɡȻʦѾãԼҲôˣȻһȫ100սҪ111ڻ羧ֻл羧Ľһɡ
ߣԼս羧޴á
~~
ַսܿﵽ101
սռ·ҲţǳĹâԡ
2սʿ
˶ڷСĽ̽ǵ죬ϣճΪ2սʿʱַɵضȹ˽׶Ρ
2սʿǵҪս
漣ַսռУ漣ⲿȤ



2648 漣
ʱ漣ռ漣漣漣漣漣սռ䣬ͷ·һ磬ַڵϿգ411ǵϣ漣ʮ֮ࡣ
д󲿷ֵ漣ǷյģֻҰɫʣֻСġ
Ұ漣ߣ޷롣
ſɽ롣
в漣һ⣬ȫòζŲϽܲ̽411ǵУ޷漣һģһ
սʿ
ԣÿһǵϵ漣ֻͬ𡣡ַЩ⣬Ĳ漣ϡ٣ǡ漣
û´Ļǡޡһ·־֮·
ںصԴģַ˽⡮ޡһ·־֮·ԭǲڵģԭҲսȴжڵ
Լ̤ϵԴ֮·ǡǡ
սȻԭ治ַ֪ͬؾҲڣ־޴ڣ˫۾
Ψս·һ磬һ档
ַȪؾ־ƿأжתˣȻ־ķΧڣͺһ޴󹬵һȫյĶݡ
սѾ롯ԭ棬һ޴󹬵
Դ֮·
ʱ䡢ռ䡢漣Ҫ룬漣ͻ漣пޣϾսΣ漣
ַ漣Щ档
ӦⷽģܿܶԼںϵصԴаܷӳصԴĵǻǿ
ֻԼδӴһ棬ķ
лᣬԳһ¡漣ʱ䶼һģΪ꣬ķѵսҲһģһһ漣1ս漣10ս漣100ս
ЧǼԽԽá
漣ЧΣپһַԭĴȫصԴ飬սǰ̤һ½
漣ֶһֿܡ
Դ˵Ҫ·ϸ˵ꡢ־һ棬ΪʱҪ棬ڶҪﵽ
ⲻϵ
ԭֻʱ䡢ռ估淨
ұ壬֮꣬־ԶԶ𼶱ֻﵽΣܽʱһ޴Ҫǡ
潫ɱ䡣
߶ԣԴȪ
ǿ󣬲ֹǿսҲǿνһͨսǿٸߣԪǿߵֱӾѹ
ַ֮Բȥ½Ϊγɣ洦ڡ׶Ρ
ʦԣԴߵ棬ﵽʱߣҲܳԽףֻ˵Խһ׵ˡ
ε棬۷Ԫ𣬽ߡ
߲ε棬ǿ۷𣬽ż
ҵͻ𣬱ܿ۷𣬽Ԫżַа㣬ʱԼ½
һ㣬ܹؼ
ڵַ˵ҪΣңɼ
Ҫ·;ҪɱΪԴ֮ԴɱԴ֮꣬־͸ˡ
Ϊ𣬽ߡ
ȪǰҲǺܿͻƻҲûʲô⡣ַܿ˼ƻߵĻʵʱ䣬ܸõıܿ
ԼսҪСΧʮսѰңһ󹦷
ҵǴ½ʱԼӦѳΪսʿ㹻ս漣˭ҲҲԼӽԼʱֱͻƻ뿪
ҪѸٻ㹻ս
̵ʱ䣬Ϊսʿ
ַǶսʿ100ս
ҪΪսʿҪ10000ս
˵Ҳѣһɣַ»٣ӶʮԪģÿһõó֣ǿۺ졣
ôһ
̫˷ѡַʱһοԼҲ˴ֱʵĶһע⣬ͻ羧һͬ羧Ķһεģһһ̽롮
ʮսıǷֿģ
Ǵ½ıͻȻһܲ˻ô
̫˷ʱ䡣
ȥɱ
û´ӦڳôԸңϵĻַһЦ͸



2649 
ǳɢ䣬սâ㣬
ǵǿգ׺ӪصַǷѾԻҲ߰سѣĻ졣
Ĭ֣ˣЦݿ䡣
ûַ
ͷҲǣҪؿǣ˫飬ϲνǿ˵ǰɣĬ֣
ַš
ЦĬҪˣС׼̶񺣿ѨһȥҪòŻ
̶񺣿Ѩַ档
411ǵΣյĥ֮أĬû鿴бô̶񺣿Ѩĸˢµġ
ŶˣĳͿĬսв
԰գĳԴ
ַ֮һЦ
ս棬ԣвǹ̶񺣿ѨģΪ˵ѶȲС
Լ
΢΢ַ壺Ĭֻսսʿ
50ַԲ߹ԼǶսʿ֮ǰ˵һԡ۷ߡĲһ50սǼޡ
һĬ֣ʣµ50սǣ͵Сӵļ񡣡
ޣַ
սͣ
ЦĬֿԿһи̶ѰΪƬÿƬ1ս
ԡַע⵽ˡ
һ̶ƬǵУ洦ֶߣѨΣյشڵĿԸ̶񺣿Ѩов١
СвƬܰĬѸսΪսʿʱԽӶսͿˡ
ô˼ַ
ַ룺ĬּСӣԺһˣںЩʲô治˼ʱƬٻǱǡ
ַ
֮ǰԼ治ôȷǿԿ϶ȷʵҪԼսҸΪս50ս˵಻࣬˵Ҳȷʵ١
ôˣ
ʶֶթַԲôűˡ
Ѳģġ
ϲڱҪôǻĴҪô
֣Ҹô룿ַ塮ǡãӦ
򵥣սռһ顯ѡСӡύɡ룺֮󣬻빲ҾԼˡ
ַ鿴սռ䣬֪жһ
֮󣬲ܹλãҲ޷ѷ𹥻˵ǽͬˣɱߣսҲǰġ
Ρַоսı仯
һԼСӣսռĵͼϣһС㣬λá
ţ
ԴɻַĿȥֻ¶֮ɫֵϱϮʾٸϹȥ
áַҲͼһɫС㣬˸
սռûͨѶܣлĶָʾ̹ټϻ֣ϮʾҪ
ٷɳۡ
սڣʮսͨɴͣһսûд͹ܣߵٶȣ׼ȷĿλãҲԶ
ַ󣬺ܿӽ˸λá
սɱ¾ǺѰ飬ȿĥսֿԻս
ɱ¾ġ
ʵ
ͬһҲ໥ɱ¾൱˵Сһ㣬һͬһĻԸߡ
飬Ƕ֮·гģһҿԻﻥԻսʱ
ৣৣ
ַ弸ͬʱϵԶսݱһֱϸͫ׵ħǿʪSߺͻߵĹ
ҡ
˲һѺʪSߣַֻúɰһֱע⡣
ȻƷԷֱ棬ϢȴԶ׼
ʱ䣬Ϊڡ
𣡡߼һ˲ѹַ壬ʪSҲɲʱ쳤ֱۣħֱȡַ壬·Σգ϶ַвĵˡ

ҫһδУбʣɱ
Ĭ֣Сģ
ʪS߹˲䣬һأƺһ˷ַ壬˵ʱʱַսռٿһѶϢȻսʱԲʱ鿴
㲻ѶϢַҲ֪ʲô
ڻúɰߵ˲䣬ǰɫâѻһɱ⾪εذףֱؿڣǶȵ꣬ҹٶȼ졣
ģбɱġӳ󣬾â˸
սռѶϢʾģǡ
飬룡



2650 ֻǳ
ļƻܶϸ·
԰˵̬ӽ˾裬̽˵ϸˮãûҲùϵպ¡
֮˼飬һʱ֮һ˻롣
ַȷƬԡջ󡯣ʱսˣ඼ᶯġ
룬󻹻һƻ
սթǲȱǿ٣Ҫٽݾȥ
ڹַ̰սɵûʲôַͬһߣֻҪһֲش֮֮˲ܻɱ
о̰㢽ǵͬʽõĳȻ
һΣôҲ벻ǣǰ⿴޺ˣʵ־ɱԴߣ
Ȼֻǳߣʵֲ֮411ǵ죬ܳҡ
䣡Ȼɴ۾Ȼѣһֲħ̤ʶ췭ң˲־顣
Ϣֱ
֮ɫһ㣬ֱ׹䡣
ʲôô£ʪSߺͻ˲ʱˣǸûַ֣ۼһҪ͵Ϯ֣ȻϢֱӱ䡣
һɲǣԭƽ桯ɰâʱϸСذ׻Ϊ޼᲻ݵļУúɰ۶ȻٶȻ
ɰУ
1018ɰ۶ɣ֮ǰɰذǿʮֹ
ǿ߾ʧ룬æֵûзԻסµɰУȻֻ1018ɰúɰ֮һδӡ

󼶱ͨȡеȡߵȣ۷塢ǿе
ǿ߶㲻֮һҲǼ˿£˵ַʶ;⵽µ֮ꡣ
߳߳
ɰлɱǿߣɱʪSߣ䣬󳾡Сĸ۷ߣ˲ʱֻʣΨһһ
ħߡ
֮ǰװȵħߣһ˫ͫ͸źȻ֮ɫΪ޷ļƻɲǱ֧飬ǰز¶ǿÿֲ
㲻۷ߣħޱȡ
ɫûаԣĹòһһǰûκλܡٶȣԶܵٶȿöࡣ
ͣ
Ѫɽ
ħ޳оǲʡմ㣬ձϹۡԲַֻ۷ߣܣ
һ۷ôôǿ
ȻҲսܷͥսѷѽ⡣
ַǰȫһɱ
̫࣬
ҵȻ۷ߡַ彫սƷһһȫ£ĸ۷ߵȻ㲻öԣһЩġ
ֻǳߡ

Ȼ뿪ӪأַҲδٷء
Ǵ½ǵд˽⣬˷ʱϱߣ̤̤ʵʵսȡսճΪսʿ
Ҽ飬Ͳһ޶ûСַˣսռҲо
Լġ
һԪһǩʮԪһǩټԪһǩȵȣڡԼ޷Υ棬˫ڶ޷뿪顣
һǻԼ˫ܵԼԺƽ֡
ַڡԼ˫Լ뿪һֻ˼ʱŻûޣҲûгŵòãֱ뿪
ѰҲ˱ӣѾԼıơ
飬롣ַ忴սռϵѶϢһЦּ̫ɣģȷʵҲ˻ɣΪĶһ㱩¶ҰģҲˡ
4Ȼ
35۷
7375ս
ַ忴ԼսռУսʾȻʧЦ
սĻȡҲδ̫˰ɣ
ֻһսԼѽսʿսʿġ10000սҲ֮ңϸսü¼ɼĸսʿ
2514ս
ݣ1855ս
ħߣ1577ս

Сĸ۷ߣȫսʿ
ǲǻ𣬵սĻȡ൱׵ģһ۷߶ֻǶսʿսȫ1000й2000
֪ġֶΡû
ϧǲǻ𡣡ַ΢΢Щź
ǻǿߣԼǡԽ׻ɱõս200%
˫
һսܴﵽսʿҪ



2651 ̶񺣿Ѩ
ļȻַԲ¡
ȫӽս֮УֱӶһսȻ100-10000սȻֵս
һսĻֵһ30%-80%ƽһļλ嵽ɡ
ļȻܼƶһ1280սɼ൱ģСӰЩͨĳȻȫһսµֺһЩ
8655ս
4սʿ10000սֽһַ漴һЩıҲһƩ35۷
ȳȻ۷ս൱ͭ
ڱжһļλһɫǻ1սֻܶһ10ս֮10۷1ս
35۷ַһ12սʤޡ
1000սɱһ3սʿ͹ˣȻԽ漣ַ屾ûķ̫ʱ䣬Ѹٱж
ǵ˵󲻴˵СҲС
ҪѰһ3սʿҲôס
ЧʲߡʮȥǵĴɱַս9000Ҳδһ3սʿ
411ǵϵߣࡣ
ҲǧߣȥӪеģ漣еģӵģ͸ˡ
ǵȽ϶࣬1Ǻ2սʿ
Ҫ3սʿҪȥλá
֮ǰġ̶񺣿Ѩ411ǵΣյĵҲ࣬һ3սʿ롣
ȥ
Ȼ·;ķһЩʱ䡣
3սʿ㹻ĻԼԺܿ㹻սΪ4սʿȻ漣

Сӣȫû
411ǵвû̫ĲϾֻһ֧۷СӣÿһԪĶвʧҲһ
ǻСӣŻ˹עһ㡣
̶񺣿ѨΪ411ǵΣյĵ˲ٻСӽ룬޴ĿѨ亣ףͨ˴ݺᣬͷһӴԹ
~ַں֮С
ǰһ䳲޴Ŀ׶ÿһ׶аֱ顣ַӰֱӽС
Ѩһĵɫʣ⻬񣬿ѨΧһ״̶Ȼɡ
Ŀɫ̶ʱоᴥ
̶񡣡ַսռбУڡ̶񡯵񣬻̶ɫģΨһ̶Ǻɫġ
̶10սһ顣
411ǵй̶Ķ񣬺͹̶һƬһģֻҪĲͬ
񣬲ûй̶ġ
ɱ̶޻ʣ300ս
̶񺣿Ѩҵة࣬ףϴ150ս
Ϻ̶100ս

ĥ֮أ٣Ψ̶񺣿ѨУ٣һ㶼45100ս3400500սҲС
100սѾܶࡣ
ַһӻ8000սΪʵǿɻɱ3սʿ۷ߣͱСˣʣ
ңɱͬȼֻ֣ܻöԷ50%ս
ߣСĸߣ׼4սʿȥԲδսĵ
ս⣬100սѾܶһĳȻȻһ۵ĳȻһ־ͱˡ
񡭡ַЩûʲô󣬻һԶ
ս̫١
̶ַ񺣿ѨΪΪɱ¾Ѱ3սʿһ3սʿϻ1000սɱһ׬һǻ𼶱3սʿֱ׬ȡ˫2000ս
Ȼպһս˵3սʿҲֻϵù
Կ϶ǣ411ǵУ̶񺣿Ѩ3սʿģ
ˢߡַҲ̰ģҪһӽ3սʿɱ࣬ɣϾ½ǿ̫ϡ١
ߣԼҲ
Է򰡡ַĴ󣬸еһͷۣϢɢȥһŢ̽⡣
ͨ˴ĿѨе·ֻڼƣױʧ
üǼ·ߣȻʱ·鷳ˡַĿɨܣǹ⻬Ѽ䣬Χ̶ɫκ״Уѵıǡ
̶Щ̶ʲôͬ
ַЩ̶Щȴ˵ʱжһ̶񣬴ůͣǣꡣ
Щ⡣ַȡһһ飬оƣδΪ״Ĳͬʲô仯һ£̶漴ѿû̫仯
Щ̶ĻҲͲôˡ
Ͼ̶洦ɼȻûʲôֵ
ֵ10սĺ̶񣬿϶֮
СϺ̶񡯡
飬100սַиǺ档



2652 ɻ
սַȤǺܴ
Ʒַ嵹ЩȤΪⱾƷļֵ10սһĺ̶㲻ö⣬Ϻ̶ȴһ
飬100ս
ս⣬100սѾǳȻߡ
ҡ
Ϊʲôǻ飬ǻãַģսеʱֵģڤڤз·˫ƿһС
Ȼﲢԭ档
ǺͻȪؾһ棿ֻǺԴκ߶棬ǵǺԭһͬԴĸµĺͯҲǻΪ򣬶ԴһΪС硣
ȻԴҲҪ𼶱ܶԭ档
ͨߵҪԭ棬żиԪ𼶱ɱ䣬ҪΪߣӵ͵ġ桯
ַ壬롣
Ȼ̶񺣿Ѩ·߷࣬һ˵ֻҪļ䣬߹ÿһ·Ժп̻·ͼ·ǲܣǻռȷ仯
̶񺣿Ѩûô档
ȻбֻǺɢûЧΨϢڸǺǿ޷ɢȥӰ㣬Ψ÷ǳӦ
ߡַǲϢ
˵ţ뺣ϢĸӦȻǿ̽һף̽һǧףԶ׼ߣҲǸߵߣ࣬۷ߡ
Ϊ411ǵΣյġս
ֹлǿߵви̶ޣ̶Ϊ̶ͨޱ߲εսЩбɼ
̶ڡޡ666ǵĺĴɼ
ʵĺޣһͨս
ʵǿĺޣл𼶱ս
ǿĺޣܴﵽ𼶱ս
ĺ޺ϡ٣һֻں
ַΪʲô϶սԭ棬ΪԭѪҲֱӳΪߣȪؾҲ
̶񺣿ѨУһżֻɱ̶ޣУżֻɱ̶Уֻɱ̶޻ʡ
̶սΪ۷塣
̶޻ʵսΪеȻ
̶񺣿ѨԶǡΪǸ2սʿɵģ2սʿһǸߵȺ۷ߣ3սʿһǳȺеȻ
Сڡ̬3սʿΪǵսǿ;á

磬ةȥҰ
ǰ磬һͷûУҲ̫ˡ
̶񺣿ѨУ˫ͷʨ̽·ţսһͬ룬˫ͷʨ߽Ϊ۷ߣΪ׵һսʿ˫ͷʨǶսʿ
Ƕʲôô򵥣150սװ׸ôΪ׵˫ͷʨߺȵͫɴ󣺡ة಻ûеĸ񡣡
񣿡˫ͷʨͷԡ
Ϊ׵˫ͷʨߵúةףϴúӣֺô֮
ʲô磿
ǰ磬ʵô
˫ͷʨʵ
⡭Ϊ׵˫ͷʨһʱҲǵ;˵˽ôȻͫһȫɫâ˲֮
ﵽˣֵǣ
ɻ
̶񺣿ѨУĶǵˣս
ʵϣսԼģϵߣùɱ򲻹ӣ򵥵
սɱ¾
޾ɱ¾ͳʵ
һ۷ߵСһ
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2654 ةķ
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2665 
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ş𣬾޴ɫ񷣬㸩Ƭأͻƣ𶼱ѻǿöࡣ
츳вһǻһǿߡ
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2666 Ǿƹݣ
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Σͨȣеȣߵȡ۷壬ǿս۷õһ㶼ǸߵȻеȻ
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2667 ս
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2670 ĬЩ
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2672 㱩¶
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2673 32ɰ
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2677 9600
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µƽ𣬲ֹûлѣϸˣټȥضᱻĥûлᣬΪǸٿطɽһ𣬾ǰ
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2682 ģ
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ˣɱƽ32ɰҲԶַļޡ
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2683 700ս
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2684 ˣӣ
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2686 
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2687 ú
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ַʩչĻúһԴǿٿظоɷ108úศɣúǿԷâƲȡ
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Դﵽ30ʱúԼ޻Ҳ˶١ַ֪úġ
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ַ֪ԼʵȷʵԴﵽ45000۷ޣԴһ棬սһ档
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棬˵ȵȣһĽսǼģһϷŵ۷𣬻ú޷ƶַʱ鷳
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2688 ط
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ַһÿһͷжƵϼƷ
ԴսԱȲͷطͷսҲԸսԭڡ
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ԴطмһԿΪϾԴԴɱһǧкܴΣԡ
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ڶַ꣬Ȼֻȵһ꣬һε룬͸ʶطַаʩչ
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2689 طǡ
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̴һһÿһͼ׬10000ս൱һߵȻ

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2690 Ǳͼ
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108ͼսռУÿһһǻĺۼ˴˼Īϳһ
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ɫǼԿԡַȡ108ͼȡɫǼԿףϿǱͼĹؼ
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һְֵַض53000ļλλҲûãչٶǿ죬սһҪȻɱ㹻𣬴ս
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2691 һ
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2702 Դ
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2703 ˭˵˫
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2704 ֮
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2705 ⲻ
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2706 ܵս
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2707 ɲž
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2708 Ǿ
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2709 Ϊ֮
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2710 λ
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սУҲԴڵľУıʤ9999սļ޼λ֤껭㲻УǿԴҲǿ֮һ
۷1սڡͨ
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ֱѾַĿǰΪԼһñսá
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λǰʵԼоٷְ֮ϡǿ̫࣬λǰҲǶսʿʵǿսǿɶǴߣ
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һӰƬĴϣһźɫ۵Ůӣӳű࣬ȴʮֱۣ𪣬һϸ峺ĺһd̲޾
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ߣɱĹ
ˡ˵һĿӣ絶üͦεıͬһdӡǣ̲ǿ˫ֱϣ͹һһͷͺǶƤ֮ϣԵþ㤿ɲ
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šɱĹͣ½Ų
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ģһһ˵ԻһеɱĹͷֱӴӷӹһ磬ʱʧ
֮һ֣΢΢̾ͫ



2711 Ž
껭
ַصսҺ󣬲δһصԴ֮ꡯȡǱͼĳʱ䲻
ܿ죬ս۱Ὺ
ĿǰַгӦ֮ȻȻûգ֮ȥ·ߡ
δ޷ɱ
֮ǰһսַ˴ʵࡣ
Ȼܴ󣬵ֲĺܴ
ԴǰûġһսûѹƣԼδػ䣬ԭǿ
ͨ´սӦûỻϸõֲһսﱻ飬´ζỻϸõġ
ȱ
ҵڣԭǿ߻ȫʶԴԪǿѹƣԴʶҲȫѹƵģѹ
ǰǣͻػѹơ
֮ǰսסطǵĳԼˣ֮һ飬ʱŤת
껭ƻ껭ƷʣУҲõԴ
۷
ַĿԴֽҪʤȻԼԴǿطپҲûá
繥ǰկĳǳأûк͵潻Ŀܡ
Ȼ󣬾ҪطˡطޣԴ޷ĻϣطǾԵء
طΣͨϾ׿Խѧ
طֻǡϾ
Ϊַǵһδطûκξ飬ϾطĴ죬ֻҪһط֮УķѾǿԴġ
׿Խطûôˡ
ȶҪȫ͸طҪ;ۻķѴʱ;пܴ׿Խط
Ծ߶ԣ׿ԽطǼޡ
ܴ׿Խطַġ
ĽսʩչطԼԴطиǿ˽⣬Լһζһ80СԴдԴԾʩչطǡ
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ط֮·ߵĸԶһһ̤̤ʵʵǰ
Ͼط׿Խطķֱһڶط˽⣬ڶ˽⡣ַʶ֮Уĳ
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ʵ棬Խ˽Խ͸Խ
ַ䲻Ԫ𣬵̶ȣȴй֮޲
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ʶַܵ岢δôط״Ͼεطǣ͵ַͬ˽ʵΪԭһȱġ
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Žǡַǵһ׼
Ž𣬵սʿҪϣִ



2712 
ַ䲻֪Լȥδӣ֪񣬵϶Ѿ׵ҪԼԽ
Ȼճսңһ߼սʿվǰޱ飬ȻڵȴԼսװؿİǱ־
һ8Ǹ߼սʿ
ڵУڡӳݡ
߼սʿҲûеڶ仰ֱӱת̤Уַ漴ϣȥʱӪѱӵ֣һ߼սʿӿһС
ʮ߼սʿΪһӣٸ߼սʿΪһӣǧսʿΪһһλսʿͳ졣
ηݶ
ַѾֱܷ߼սʿĲͬмսʿ4ǣ5ǣ6ǵ֣߼սʿҲ7ǣ8ǣ9ǵ֡
ͨ߼սʿؿ7ǵı־Ϊ7սʿ
8Ǹ߼սʿΪӳͳһ֧Сʮ7սʿؿǰǱ־
9Ǹ߼սʿǴӳͳʮ֧СӣؿߵľǱ־
ͳ췽Ķսʿα־ȡ֮ǾΡ
סͳһжû˭Ҳӣô8Ǹ߼սʿȵˣĿֱַ塣
ǣӳ7Ǹ߼սʿӦ
ַҲ֪Ƕ˵ġ
֧СӼԼպʮҲֻԼһϴĲսװԵø롣սʿԶǡһģһޱ飬Ͻ
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֮ǰһ˵ĶսʿַҲң˰æѾܲˣ˵Ƕսʿ
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ΪǸսʿ֮ǰԼΡڨֱĮˡ
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ַûȣɱĹΪߣܲ𽵹Լȥæа⣬Ҳ޿κΡ
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һ֧ӵ齨ôγɵģλߣĿʲôԭĹϵʲôַкܶʡ
Լҿ϶±ӪеģԶȫĵ
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ڶѷһƬڣĳͨתսװĽɫâڶѷ죬̡ܷĪ߼սʿԣΪ
ַûʣΪû˵
ӵľͺϸΪһˣսַҲϣʲôһʱʧܣ޷Ǿ͹һˡ
̶ʮ꼲ۣܿ촩ڰͨһƬİĵ
̣ϣ~ĴĿռļºűȺڶǿٱľ޴Ƭռ䱻ĳֲ֪ƻżɼɫгһֻĹ㡣
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沢СֻǾԶһ
ַ棬κʹԣΪԱϾŶӳٷɳۣûһɢ
ƬǸϹأֿж¡ӳīȵ
ǣӳ
˸7߼սʿӦ˲ɢ˸ɳ۶ȥ
ַԭء



2713 
ˣҿԴ꣬ȻԼж
ֻھִ񡣡
ӳīַ˵ɫȻ
ԼжӳַԼʵûҪ˷ʱ䣬ԼҪ㹻ʱ
ִɾͺãҪжߵɶȣϾԼֻˡ
áӳīԼ࣬йâһȡһɫϸĽиӵ·¼̣ÿ֧СиԸ򣬳Χ¼̱ʾ
Σգ¼̱ɷźš
ֱϡ
ַͷ漴ɫϸĽϣʱ䣬һ㵭â֣ɫϸֱֱ֮Уûκθо
¼ͬʱ¼ɱ˵Ҫһֻɿɻ1000ս֮ɱ棬ÿֻΪ˫2ս
Щ¼϶ʾԼ
Žʱ¼ָϡ
ô
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ַ΢΢ɱʲôҪעôӳ
ΪˣҪ̫ژܼһΧסȣҪ¶ӳī棬һ˺֮·
ژǲǾƺڶѷ죿ַʵ
ӳīԣژĸ棬ԲҪ̫ɱĸ棬ژսǿ߸мǲɳǿ
ĸ棡սǿߣ
ַҲ꣬ǿǴߵʵΰ
ĸôӳַ
԰۷һԪóԴƣԴԴ񡣡ӳīһֻĸ涥սʿɻɱгǧ棬12ǶսʿΧסܿҲᱻɡ
ô
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ɺ֮ʲôֵֹС
ԸԴôӳַʵ
ӳīһ㶣ȻУ汾û꣬Ҫɱֻ棬ôԴ
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Լֻ80СԴҪԴúķѶԴ
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֮ǰǸսʿԣ1Ԫҡ
1Ԫһֻɱַаա
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ڣ汻սʿɱ߰˰ˣЧʾ½ˣΪȱ٣Ƭ徻ȫ٣Լ԰
ǧڣɡ7Ǹ߼սʿɣԼȻҲɡ
ٶȺЧֻߡ
ԴǾûúķѵԴָٶȱĵٶҪ졣
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ΡֱַӼú棬ô޷ɱ7߼սʿܻɱ棬ԼҲɱ
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úֱ棬籾ܰ䣬͵һȫ˺ֻɫļ׿֮Уڹһ㡣
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ַ尵úûнǺֻɫ׿Ǻ飬ֻѷ졣Ǻֻɫ׿ǵķսװķΪ
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ѹģȫ߼սʿ
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ķԪż棬һܶ࣬Χס൱鷳
ҪɱףǶ7߼սʿԡ
ಣúΪ˲ڿб÷λֱӴ·룬һֱӴ͸ڼ׿еɱ
ļ׿ǣֻסϰ벿ֵĹ
°벿ֵķȫա
ţɱ˲䣬ַ΢΢һ



2714 
úɱǼӲļ׿ȡһźֻɫСӣڵǽĺģǹŹ֡
ӳ˵沢ꡣ
Դźֻɫӡ
ַϸ۲졣
ʲô
档
֮źֻɫСܹ棬κ⣬֮Լô
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һźֻɫӣɵһ棬ԼҲܺܿ츴ԭֻɫôΣյĻղŶӳͳˡ
ӳûֻ֤ɫ벻ʲôΣƷ
ࡣֱַʳ
ʱоһɴУͺƲƷһǳ̲㡣
ֻɫСӵ࣬ܿ
Ҳû̫仯ͺ˵ʳһǿɿڡ
ˡַҲ֪ţͺߵܽⶾһ棬źֻɫСָܻ档
ô
룬ƾЩʵ˲Լ
ͽͬпܱ棬Ͼ֮ķ൱ͻͨ7߼սʿδƿսװļ׿ǡ
úĹκνᡣ
ǰɱ
ûм׿ǵķǿȽ۷ˮ׼ȻҲѾǿͻúĹһȣԶˡ
ܼ򵥣Ӧһ£ҿԸژȥɱַʡʱ䣬ٶԽ죬ζԼиʱ׼һԪһξս
ʱԽ࣬׼Խ֣ɹʾͻԽߡ
ҲɣȻɱ񣬽˹սͻˡ
ݣ꣡
ژУַѸٻɱ棬Чʣ֧СûһǶӳīɱٶҲȲַ塣
Ȼַû飬úȻơ
̶ַ꣬ѻɱһǧֻ棬Ҫǧ֮һٶȣǧұ񣬾֮Ҳͺķ34000ǧꡣ
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Ͼֻˣһʲôأʵ˷ʱ䣬ɱһǧֻһˣҲûʲô̫ӵĶֻҪעûˡ
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ַո˵ǱȺڶҪֲٱĺژſܿһֻֻɳԽԽ
ɱ¾ЧҲԽԽ죬һֻֻ治ʱ׹䣬ַɱ¾ϣʱ䲻˷ѡ
Ҫʱ

ژУһսװִһɫʮֻΧмսؿа˿αǣַһСӵĶӳī
ֻӰһ٣бļӲ׿һһɰ棬漴һֱնɱһֻ档
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ʮֻΧȴ˿δңûа˺ۣĽ͹һ𣬽ս120%ķӡ
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ÿһɱ棬ǧ֮ȻȲЩЧʸߵ߼սʿҲԲˡ
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ţīüͷ΢΢һ
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һΧҧ棬ҪټԪֱӶ֮·
߳ϣ
īܿ콫ΧնɱѸٸԶļս֮ء



2715 
ַ壡
ӳīɴͫһŭȻ
֪ԭ˸ĸռѳΪһϸսʿַʵǱȽģǫѷ͵Ҳʵ
ִǰϸѯܵΣգīϲַֽ̬ȡ
ΪսʿִȻҪԤ֪Σգ֤֮ͬء
īԵľǲһЩܼ¡
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ѵʵǿսʿȥر֣Ƴ·
ڣ
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Σնȣ̫ߣ
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īһҧٶȸַڡŭ䲻һСӣǶӳ۶Ա˶£ܼ֮æ
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ӡīģһٶ۵ķɽѸײڶֱ֮ӱ÷򣬿ǣѸٵشɱ档
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գۼ䣬ʮֱֻȥ
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īɴ۾ԭأԭȥַһѣ¶ʮֻԶǼĸȴεͣڰա
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գʱʮֻȫ𣬻ɱȫѴָ֮䣬ҷеĻɱֻжսʿõ
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6мսʿ
ӳַӰһӳīԡ
ַһѷֶӳƬژ࣬ԼͶӳֿûãڵԺܽӽҪǰژɱ棬ͬһƬژա
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֮ǰ׼һѵʣһҲ˵˵ʲô˵ַ岻У˼ȫʵͣʵͰǰī
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ַһ¡ӳī

ַǲ֪ӳīѼƻô࣬ԶӳĸмҲĵģԼղܸоӳĽУ棬ȫĶ
ӳҲƬɱһ㡣ַ岻Ͷӳī棬û壬ǣҪսʲôԼﶼɱ
úĹʽʺɱ棬Ȼַûսװ߼սʿʵνΪˡ
ӦĹʽַһ뿿ژա
ԽԽΪژԽԽַЧʾˣͶӳīľҲ˴ͬһƬژգλȫͬ
ˡַҲ룬Ͼһ࣬˷ӿͺ
þա
ǵһλ
ڰȫĳܷΧ
ǧֻǧֻһֻ
ַ嶯죬ܿȵİٷ֮һ֮ǰŻɱ1000ֻ棬ڽʮգһֻĻɱЧʾˡ
ٶȣʮ񡣡
ɱʵԼúٿأܻսҡкֻɫСӣ档
ַĿԡ
ֻɫСӣõġ
ǻָ棬ͬʱҲǿ棬ֻʮŰٿȷʵһ̫Ӵ󣬶ֻɫС̲̫١
һǧźֻСӣЧҲ΢
һźֻɫСӣЧѾɼ
һźֻɫСӣҲ̫󣬲һһ㡣ַ汻ѹƣȻڻ
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ĳɳҪʱ䣬ֻɫСӵգֻܽʡһʱ䡣
ַ£Ҫʱ䡣
Ǿٿһ㡣ֻ֪СӹЧַҲ뷨ܽһΣѡ
޷̫࣬ҲĿԸѣʧС



2716 
ȻչҪʱ䡣
ԭһƬܱһַ棬ʵϺԭûʲôΪһС
ֻ棬ӵַ־ܱٵöࡣ
ĴڣУַԣ򲢲̫ѣΪʵѾ൱ĶܱȻȻܸ
ؼܱٶȡ
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2721 ֮
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2722 Ż
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׵ģʱûɱ棬ژе棬ڷɳģī匪ȫøġ
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2723 ð
սǿʲôʱַҲһʵǿսǿߣǻ򱾾Ǵߣ۷Ԫӵдʵ
˰ɣһ㶼һԪɡӳīѾ9366꣬Ҳ⼸ˡ
匪ΪǶַˣ԰Ƭպژʱ΢һ㣬ϾҪʱ䡣
ַͷژգͲٳˣ԰ɡ
ӳīսǿ߻Ȼɱژĸ棬ٷպژκβ
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2724 ĸ
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۷Ԫεĸ棬ɱ



2725 ǵ
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˴֮أژڻʲôΣգ޴ӵַ֪ҲðգƬڵĵѰƬַ̣漴뿪

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匪ң101ս
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2726 ž޴
⡭匪Ĳӳī߿ַ壬ͷͰַ˵ɣٵҵġ
匪⡣
ҵҲ٣ϾִҲһΣ匪1500ңҲ800ţӳīϵ࣬4000š
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2727 
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ӳīҪΪսǿߣһҪоҪдʵǷǴ߲Ҫ
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ǰսǿߣԼӳīš񡯣ǵľӪǿߡһӪ100Ӫ100սʿһλսǿͳ졣
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2728 Ҿǵһ
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2730 ʶô
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2731 죬һ
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2733 ȴ
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־Իʵͨĳٻ棬ԸӦõַϢսģÿһǵС
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սĸ߼սʿ˳ηӪ
ɵôʵ
Ӧáɡַ
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šַͷɱͷĸ棬Լȷ30
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󣬻1ܼñӪľӢ顣
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ٵսߣͻͱԤѡǧ򱶣£ʮа˸о
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¥Ľ㼫Ϊ̣ÿһģۺɫǱȻģ޲Ͽ顣
иõδִĥ£ܶ෽ȷʵսǿߡ
츳һС
ƼЩĮĿûٲмЦǳļʣֻǴԤĿȱֱܽ뾫Ӣ顣
֪Ҳһܽ뾫Ӣ顣Ŀɨüͷ΢أٲȻǰ֡
Ӣܺãַ
֮ǰӳԼ󣬶ܽ뾫Ӣ飬ʱҪսԼû̫һ¡
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Ȼ֮ǰʱͶӳī匪ǽ꣬뾫Ӣô࣬ͬ£չҪ
Ӣ鵱Ȼã18űӪ1000֧飬ֻ10֧Ӣ飬100Ӣ൱ڰһ˵òã
뾫Ӣ飬иõĸҪִиõ񣬻øսȻԾսǿִѶȸ񣬲ôġ
ַͷ
⵹ʵѩһˡ



2734 ǱǸǿ
˾Ӣ⣬ǲǻⲿӣַͻȻ
ӳīԼľӪսҲ˵ԼսֱֻΧȫˣԼҲ֪ȥ
ԡͷĿ¶֮ɫ
ӢеľӢľӪ100ӪľӢߣΪֻ̣100൱ÿӪһ
ĿٿƳԶǸڽĹ°꣬һѷڽıĿ¶ɫԤУһšĿԼߡ
ǿԾšٸпıõŵѡ񣬸涼ġ
ټԪǰսһǿߡϡ10֮
価֮ɫʵѴԪ۷塣
10
ַ΢΢һʵС飬жپ
30ˡСõ
ԣҲûнַ⣬Լû1Ҳû10ƺȲϼ뾫Ӣֲܽ
᲻ԼѾоԾͲˣ
ܡ
ԣûоΪɳɫԽ1ԼɶӦøߣ30ǿɼ֤Լܽ뾫Ӣ飬һӳī˵
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ôߴߣַܼԲ˷ᣬϾõԴܰԼʵ
ʵ㹻ǿʱԱ
һ㣬ַ
һҲǲơͷ֮һĿռ磬ʵͷǿߣս٣Ԫ𶼼
ڵ10000Ԫ뿪
ÿ1ɼ10Ԫ
ȻԶԶڱףԭ棬۱ﻹǼʶ棬ȵݺɺĵ
ͬԪǿߣδʵ༫
ٿУַҲ֪ٹڵѶϢƩһ32ӪÿӪ100Ӫһֱһȶ
ÿһԪвٸ߼սʿ뿪ÿһԪֶᲹͬĸ߼սʿԤ൱ɹۡ
ÿһԪѡΣ൱ҡ
ҺͲ£ս̭ƣС׼ˡ
ʱ䣬ܿȥ
֮ͨ½һЩ߼սʿ101ζһԪ18űӪ101սʿ뿪
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18űӪܹҲ10000սʿ൱ÿһԪ1%
~~ٿһ⣬ݷ΢һͨڷգǰһԲεĹȦռ֡
ৣৣৣ
ӰӹȦг֣Ϊ׵һף纮ķսװľΣһ10Ƕսʿ
ԵĽŮӣҲ10Ƕսʿ
һӪͳ11ǶսʿôС£ÿһԪУԲ𽵹10Ƕսʿɡ
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ķϻͲ˵ˣѭΥ棬ϳͲĿݵɨڸ߼սʿַϡ
Ȼָ
սˣԼ
ŵĺ顣ӵһ仰ĿࡣĽŮӣϸϸۼףüذףա
07-004-018-17729Ůɫƽó¼ᡣ

129Сӡ
07-004-018-20348

466Сӡ
07-004-018-16722


һűһ¶˷֮ɫҲʧΪÿһϣܼ1-10Сӣ18űӪӢĶ顣
ܼ뾫ӢıϾëǡ
ܿ죬97ѱ97˼Ķ鳾䶨δŵʣ4ˣбַ٣սˡ
ΧĿͶӶʡ
07-004-018-8977

ڰ˾ӢСӡ
ŽŮ£һħĿ¶⣬ȭЦޱȳ졣뾫ӢСӺͨ飬̫ࡣ
07-004-018-9535

ַԵر¶һְɫ
ģ·Ԥʾսô
徫ӢСӡ
ǱǸǿ



2735 
ӢСҲǷּġ
һӢСȻѵģʮӢСġǰһħǵڰ˾ӢСӣټǵ徫ӢСӣҪʤһ
ʵҲ΢΢ģΪû뵽ʶĺַ壬š
ζʲô
ζַľӢСӣǰ
ҲǺܴپģַֻǻѣ
ĻǺԺģΪַ嶼սΧЩԤ˼۵Ŀ⣬ˬ
Ǻ
ڣǣ
07-004-018-6909Ůӵûκɫ仯ƺ˵ֻͨ£һţʱǹƧ罣국ȻӦ
ţ
ԤУ˵ϣߡ
ڶӢСӡŮĿȥЩ仯ʱһ˫ü΢΢һ¶΢΢ʧ䣬ƺû뵽ԼûܽһӢСӶδ롣
ʱͻȻ˿ڡ
ͷŬŬӣδΪԷǶսʿκα仯һѹ°Ľһж޹أΨ
ʵȫԽһӢСӣһɵĿܽǰǸһĸԡһ䣬ǽͣȰ˵
һ䣬δٶԡ
δӦҲδ磬Ȼǰƽ
ַĿȥٿҲתͷһѾ֮ʣֱַָ塣
ȷ˵ʲô֪
ֳ101ˣΨַδţ
ʱĶҲѵڶӢСӡ
֮󱻱ǸˣڶӢСӣǡ
18űӪǿĵһӢСӣ
07-004-018-10086
ŽŮΧһ˫˫ĿȫǾ۽ַϣǸʣĽҲĽû뵽ַ徹101ѹġ
˲òడ
һǿߣȲ˼ʵ
ַ巴Ϊ̹Ȼƽ
ŮĿͶҲǴһ˿⣬Ϊ10ǶսʿҲδܼǵľӪ100ӪоӢľۼ֮ء
~~
Χһ֮
һ˫˫𾪵Ŀ⣬ַ壬ĽʺޣǿڽԤУα̹ÿһ˵Ŀꡣ
Ҫ̫̫ѡ
츳粷ڵԤкճңң֮ϣκһ˿ɱȣҲֻ˵ڶӢСӡ
£սĻˣֱƸ
̫˼顣
ϲˣֵܣ۾ӶĽµַܺû뵽̶ֳȣܺͰټԪǰĳųֱӼ
ʱ޵ַֻǻ
žžžΧϡϡȻЩԤвˬϾõٵսˣģ˼ҿƾʵ
ӵ˵ǼǺ֤ǲܳġ
ַֹܽмǱ˵ʵҲ൱֮ǿ
ߡ
꣡罣ϬĿԤĳˡȻǽַ嵱˶֣Ԥ޵еԲ䡣
֮ûܽԸϣʵĲԶ
٣һ⡣ַٿؿڡ
˵ɫ糣֮ǰֺɫһ㣬Ȼľַ֮ϣ۵λڵʵַ塣
ʵַҪǿһ㣬ò˶ַͻԶԶ֮Ժ
񡣡ַﲻݣֱúӺͽŮһ
ΧҲһƬ
˭
ǿǴߣ
ľӪϴһܼ
⡭һʱЩ΢΢ӦлܼҲ̫ż
ںӿһСһľӪǿߣгݵĶҲȻ
һ˲ľӪ˵еĳǿߣ
ǵġַһ֪⣬˺˵սֱҲ֪ȥ
һļž
Ŀɿڴջַˣɫ𾪣Ȼ
ûɣ
ˣһȥ
ôܣ
ӺͽŮҲݣһۣԲΪַ˵ѣΪֻһƣ˭Ҳûôɵ
ַ˵ġ
òᣬ롮桯ɡЩŵַ壬ԵĽŮҲշ࣬ޱȡ
棡
ΧһƬס



2736 ˵
棬˵е֡
˵ǵľӪ100ӪӢеľӢôеĳӢŵľӪս
ӣÿһ˵ӵдʵ
ִеѵ׽ε£ǵľӪĳơ
ӦòǡŮԥ£Ժ˵Ӹãδʲô©ҲδκθϢ߸ѹ̶޶˶ټһ
ңҲûֱӼȫǴнġ
˼صͷ̫ˡ
ַҲЦֻȥֻδᡣλ10ǶսʿУַҲ桯ǱѰҪöࡣ
Լʵǿˣ죬ľӪԻԼǿıȱȽǡ
ǰλ10ǶսʿԼδӮˡ
ջɱ񣬻ٻЩɷݡ
ҪľӪġ桯ַΪ񡣲ַԼӦû⣬10ܽԼǿɱĸ30е
Уⲻżȼټ˲١ӵ
ǡַͷӦʡ
ѾǵľӪĳˣȻΪĸҪ˵Ҳѣȼ
պãִ񣬴ܼˡӵ
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ΪľӪľִǺһ¡
07-004-018-10086Ӷַ˵Ŀɨˣ䳤٣ȥ18űӪ
ǣ٣´100ԼַĽʵĿ⣬а뾫ӢСӵٺħꡣ
ȻǾӢСӣȻ18űӪС
ַ壬ȴֱӽľӪ
ⲿӡ
˵ǵľӪССҪ񣬻ִУǼҪִмΣյҪͳӪӢСִһЩҪ
ʶڵľӪ൱й֮
Ϊ֪ģأԼݡ˵ĵϵĸҪɣԶԶ
ǵԤÿһ˵룬ʵֵ޼
10ǶսʿȻǶ18űӪӢСӵĳԱӵиߵԪսȻ޷
ΪĶսʿľӪ̫ࡣ
ַҲЩΣ溮Ӻܿ뿪ȴ봫ͨѾǹսΧ̶ͨĴͨܽӪפء
롣
Ȼַȥ18űӪͶӳī匪ĵȴкɣ²ʱܲһ10ǶսʿԼ
ҲڵľӪеʱ棬Ҳżһʱᡣ
ҽĺӣ·ַԼ18űӪһӢСӡ
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Ҳǲ죬֪ʲô˼
ַһۣ˵֪вûһ18űӪ
มܹҲ100սʿľӪ100Ӫƽ1սʿӦһӪЩӪûսʿ
ַЩס
ԣʱһЩ䵽18űӪ񣬺ֵܿͳġ
ڵȴǳٺ˵Ĺϵ
˵ȴͲˡ
ַʵ൱ġϼַֻΨһһ18űӪ
Ȼַʵֻǻ𣬵ӽʲô
ʵͣ
ʱ϶ַͳģڴùϵûлЩŲʶַ廹ƽơ
ҿûʵַЦǫ
Լ18űӪľӢС̫Զ
ֵܼõԴսʿָҪʵѣܿܳ˷ˣɾ͡ٿ
ԭ˵ɾ۷Ԫ֮λЩԣַڻֻǻҪɾҲǳɾ۷𣬵۷𣿣
ԤЩǣÿһ۷
ַЦЦҲ⣬ΣǾͳֹԡ
ʶһսʿҲǻ£18űӪеλ൱ߣһӢСӣݲơ
ȻЦ
ռ뾫ӢСӵ٣ͷֶաҶǴսΪ˲ַҲǿڰһѡ
˵ͷ
ʶ໥æһ·ַҲǢ
ܿͨͨľӪġ
롣



2737 
룬Ϊפء
Ȼֻаٸսʿȴռ˵ľӪ൱ɱӪ͵ֵ޼ʣŨĻɢء
Ҿ͵ˣֵܣڡԲԽ̤ͣ룬뿪ͨͱַ塣
áַ̤롣
ĺܳһʱ䣬ԼŽŲ̤룬·һ˿񣬷·дһ㣬ٿسһ쳣ǿϢ̽⡣
۷Ԫ𡣡ַܸоԷǿϢ֮Լɱй֮޲
ǵľӪģפڡ
ÿһ۷Ԫսҿ۷ԪеٮٮߣԷȡ
ȥִô
ৣţǰͻȻʱŤһ۵ߣͷëϡ裬۾Ц⣬ַ΢΢˸Ҿ
ϣĹ¡ҽܵ
ãϡַ
07-004-018-10086ַ԰ɣϺܿȷַݣ漴·
ַϡ
ܴһ·ϲ䷳ؽÿһѵĵط֮סȵȡ
ţϴַ뿪100λסַ΢΢졣
Լס
һƬֺܿǰһƬʣʮԲεսңмŵө⡣
ѡһΪס۾
ַĿɨ⼸ʮսҲûʲôرָһɡ
ϵͷϼǵһǿսҴţ룬Ժסˣʲôֱ࣬ټԪϣܼСһ
԰գϵϵЦݱŤϵӰͻȻʧ
Сһ
ַЦ벻룬һλߣ۷Ԫεǿߣ100λսʿʵ֪
֮ǰڵȴᵽټԪǰսһˡϡֱӽ۷Ԫ
ԼƺԲʽ
ַԼסսҿռ൱ɿһǸ棬°빦ӳŵľ;棬Щַǡ
ЩǱҪĹΡ
100ԪʱַעĿӫʱ·˼Ĺ
1ۻ10000
2Σռ񣬻һѼ
3̤Ϻ7㡣
100Ԫȫɣʽ
ƺװַȻѶȲ˽⣬Ȼͨ100սʿ֮ѹ̶ÿһζҪ̭һսʿ
ȻսʿǾһˡ
λۻ10000׵ġַھ30˵ȷǲսʿԣÿһӦն10000
ۻѡ
ַ䲻֪ô׬ſ죬һټԪۻ10000ĵġ
ڵڶ͵ȫ˽⡣
ΣռѼ񡭡ַ֪ĽӣսӪͺϢϢأɺӰ
ͨܽ硣
С顣ַڣ΢΢⣺Ҫ硣
ǣˡ
Сõ𣬺âַγɹ
~~
ʱַһã类һɾ޴սʧ
磬磬ʵڵġ
ַҪ磬һ⡢񡢰ֶں֮УһԺѾá
㼯ĲԭǿߣƬɺǿߣ
ȻڵȨԼƬɺǿߣСԣӪȥ˵뿪̫½ˡ
ںɺ˵ַһȫȫˡ
ΣôС飿ַһν磬о棬·һ紩Խһ磬оκεϢ̸
ûκ㹻㹻ǿȻɱߡ
ǽֵֹģΥ߻ᱻ߹ɱС
˭⣿ַ
ҲһͬʡΪ֮飬ԺСλ֮Ͻλ֮Ҳ޷Υ߹򡣡
ַͷ
˿絹ǰȫȺɺȫ
Ҳһַ룬漴Ĵʯ٣ҪԼأҲпܳɹ
Ͼ߹ɱҲǼʱɱ
ҪСһ㡣ַ⡣
С飬ҽһºɡ



2738 
Ժ磬ַܺ档
ɺַ
Ȼʦ̫˵ԼɾʱԪ۷壬ܴɺַѾģܿʼ
ڵ£ԼʵԤƸ졣
õģˡСӦ
磬ΪɺͶӰ׼ȷ˵ǺɺӰӺɺκһԽ硣
ֽ̫½Ӧ̫н򡣡
ַͷ
һЩѶϢԼս֪ˡ
ԭ棬Ҳǵ棬ȻǺɺΨһ档е̫࣬ߵ棬˥棬ӴԴ档
̫棬Դ档
棬ȫ̫߻棬Ϊ̫ԴģӳڶһܻΪ֮һĿܣɱΪ档
ģʮ˸
̫ԴΪĸ桯ʮ˸桯̫Դ編澡ͬƩ棬㲻־ȫȱʧ
Ҳռȱʧȵȡ
浮Ĵߣ൱ڵ
Ϊ汾䳬ڶҪܻɻ棬͸ˣδһ
磬׼ɭϡ
սʿǲ뿪ӪģΪսܴ̫½
ַҲҪдʵ
ǵġС32ӪоӪڹսУںҲˣһͬӵġ
ַʵ
Сɽ񣬸߼սʿֻܽͨΪȨ޸ߣܽΣռ񡣡
Ѽأַ
Сսʿܽӡ
ַš
ʵӦȼһЩսʿ
ΣռѼںʱΣַʵ
Σնȷּģʱ䡣СҪʡʱ䣬ѡһѼ񣬷ΣռȻʵҪߣʱܽʡ࣬һõľߡ
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ҪѡѼҪȽսʿһ㲢Ѱ쵽
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ԣֻĬɽ롣С
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ں˾޴ںɺҪȵӴ
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һ·Ժ淨򣬳Ϊߣٶɷ
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ʶΪ
ַ屾ҲǸޣ꣬ˣһ򾳽ҲףĹⰵСгɾ͡
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£Լʵš
ԭΪֻǲʵĵطȴ뻹д˵ȡջ񡯡
ȷʵַ֡һźĿһɨڣ̾ѡ



2739 ս
濴֪޴
ȻǺ޾ɼвʱԼһսʿвǿߡַ˿⡣
С飬ЩǾӪսʿַ
ǵˣЩսʿƬɺСõ𣺡ںɺģ֮ͨǼΪĴڡ
Ƭɺսʿܽʵ֤Ϊǵһ㣬սʿ࣬Ҫʱĵȴ
ַȻ
ֲôսʿ
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ںɺǺ磬ޱ⡣
ѹ1Ԫļ
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ÿһ߼սʿֻһĿġսߡÿһ㶼ߣսɹɽһ㡣
ʲôʱֵңС飿ַһǰУһš
żˡС˵ս˳ڽʱȷȵսֵʱк˽ֱӽɼһսռ䣬߶ս
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СЦھ԰ȫ
սʲôɼʱַбһ״ıǣУ֪ΪսĻᡣ
սĻᣬʱһΣǷĻᣬսɹо޶
108дʵǱӡںеĳǿߡ
Ҫս108ʵƣ7λֻлſս14λֻſս21λԪſս
սֻһôַ
Դɶһÿһλ񽫶ɻȡһսᡣС
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СǵˣҺͺʵ֤ͬ108ʵڵǿߣֻǱӡںĿռսǶս
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ʵ֤岻ֻ󣬵ʹߵսκһսǿѪڡ
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2740 
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2741 Ӫ
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ԽԽǿں輫еʵԽǿ
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2742 ģ
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10ΣռеĻҲɡսʿѶԸĸ棬Լպܿĸ档
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2743 ´
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2744 
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Щսǿ߶ԣ޴ûʲôãһɾ񣬶׬ȡȻһͷĸֻ10డһ񣬺ژжĸ棿
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2745 ͷ
ͨߣԴߵߵȣ˵ûκȱݣܱĳڶ
Ϊ汾ȱݵģڶɱ䣬ɾµĵ棬Ȼһڵ棬ȱʧ
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2746 
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ٶȣַʵȽ״ﵽԴʱʵҲܻ߰˰ˡ
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ߣսﵽеԪΡ



2747 
ʮ̫󡣡Եߣַ忪ս
еԪսԪսҪǿö࣬ҵߵַܺ
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2748 
ٻؾӪַǲͬ
33ԪĴ֮ǰҽһԭ֪ڱڷƽ˾
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11ǶսʿΪǶԷģŽĿַϣΪǵɫâǽ֤ݡ

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2749 
Ѽ񣬾Ӫܽӵߵȼ
12ǶսʿҪΪսһۻѼκһ12Ƕսʿһѵս
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⡣
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ԴġСֻںɺ֮ʱΪ죬涼ɺһɱԲ졣
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2750 Դ
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2751 Ҫ
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㱻ַԴҲֻ˲
òãˣʹ˫͸ŭ𣬺Ұӳ⡣
һֱȴĻᣬˣ
ַ壬ɱ֮졣

Դ硣
ˡַӿռ̤ͨǰژգҪܶࡣӪִǲҪķκսģֱӴ͡
Ŀģ֮ͫſպϣ߸ߵ͵ͣشƬ֮Сÿһֻͫ·ͫеϵϸϸȥֻͫƺһ㲻ɼĹƽ̡
ַͫȻĶ
һ˵ζ·ϤȴңԶİ
ܴĸо
ΪҲߣ
ֻ˵ֻ۵ص㣿
ַϸϸƷζָ򣬺ء
һԴ磬ǰֻͫǱɽһǣԴֻֻۡƬʵѱããռ䡣
Լǻֻ֮ͫƺֻۺƣйͨ
ΧඥսʿããһƬţȴţԴ򣬿ɽпռ䴫͡
żĿƳַ壬ֱӺӡ
ϾַϢֻǻ𣬺ȫԪεϢȣ̫ࡣ
ɺǽʵĵط
̫Դ棬ǱߵλߣʵԽǿкӡǣ߾ء
̤Ϻ輫ɼ߲㣬ζӵдʵӡǡ
ںɺǵλ
ۿȥСӡǿ٣о̫Դ棬ܺñϣǵսװǰ̫ǣհޣ
̫ԴǿߣżԽС
۷Ԫʵ
ӶʮԪʵǿġǹԪ𡯣ս̫սѹһͷ԰
ԭǿߣ˵̫Դ棬ֻࡣ
̫Դߣи౦ףҸѳϵȶ
Դ磬ĥ־ܻø͵ַס
ڴ죬ܻıʵȵȣɺиͬġ֮򡯣вͬص㣬ҵֲͬߡ
ġַֻ֮ͫûκͷҲȥʱˡ
ʶ˭㣿
οֻһ
Ƚȥ˵ַ۲һΧǿߵ̸Ҳû̫мֵݣ̽ϾԼﵢ̫á
ӦѾյ鱨ˡ
źܿɱ
ַûС
ܽȪǰ׷ɱ·µţ͡ڵԼǺǿûյĻȪǰһǿ
Դ
ս϶ڵԼҪǿ
ˡ
ʼջñܵҲܲһζȥܵԼñӰȫûҪ
Ҫ
Ȫǰɱ񣬿ܲļ¼ַ΢ȻһЦǽԴ硣



2752 ů
ַ뿪󲻾á
ৣৣৣ~
Ӱ̳ԴϢΪ۷ԪϢҲеԪôҰһС
۷Ԫ㲻ʲô
ЩСӡǿߣζ̤7ϣÿһӵߵǿս
ûʹѸɨһߣδַټ
ҰͣЫ꣬ħһԴ磬ɱַ塣
áֵɡ
ҰݭUɱⰻȻ
ʱ仯һ⣬Դ磬ʹ·һȼյĺɫ棬ЫħҲβ롣

Դ磬ֻֻۡ
ÿһգۣһֻأĴɼ˿˿Ƶĺ̲֮زںɺٵú֮֮ȴǲ١
ԽŨĺ֮ԽǿĺͺԴ
Դ䱾ԣΪߵĸء
ǰɡַժһʺɫĹʵڸ̲˿˿ԴʱʧϾ̫ǿˡ
ʵӦǡ
߶սַ֪ߵսֶΣȫ棬ߵӦСġĴڣгԴ
óսǿߣҲĴڡ
ֻδл޷ʹá
ԼڵҲˡ
ַԲҪһǺܷҲһֺõ¡Լޣȵߵģɸѡ
Ȼ޷ʹ־Ӱ졣ַһ·УѰֻۡ
ֻۣǳڣڡ
һֻֻۣÿֻֻһһϣƵʱһԪպϵֻ޷룬Ĵһſֻ˳ͨеġ
ԣԴһϱ仯ԹҪͨڲ·൱ĸӶ䡣
һԿ϶ǾԴûо·Զҵһ·룬뿪ᱻһƬֻؽС
ֻֻǷյġַܿҵƬֻؽһֻֻۣպϣûκϢ޷롣
ಣ
ַѰҵڶֻֻۡ
ÿһƬֻؽ󣬽һСַҵڶֻֻۣ۾ŵ̲źϢ
ٿַ岻ż룬תѰһƬֻؽ硣
ԴСֻ֪һЩ֪ʶҪԼ֮ǰַ廹һЩݡ
ԴΪСֻؽʹֻؽ硣
ڣӦСֻؽ硣
û´ֻ֮ͫӦڴֻؽ硣
ַ忴Ѽ϶ûôס
ǱϾҪ12Ƕսʿʵɡ
ţ
ַŸ뿪ֻۣоһ΢ĺǴֻдͣ½Ųתش
ˣ
˵ɺϵĻѲڻɺϣ
ƺЩΡˣַҲıʲô΢ĺܴʲôܿΪԼҲڡߡҲΪԼ־رǿ
ಣಣಣ
ַܿ콫Ƭֻؽ̽ȫûջϾǡڡֻؽ֮һʲôҲ类˽ȵǡ
ֻһô
ַţܿѰ֮ǰֻڣ롣
ڶƬƬƬֻؽ磬ַȫ̽ȫɺϵÿһƬֻؽ綼ֻֻۣһֻ£һֻ
оֻؽ临ӣƺֻһ·
ֹһ·ڵƬֻؽ磬ַѰֻֻۣûһֻǱպϵġ

ַҲ֪
һɡַߣֻֻһֻ΢͸ӦһֻûУôȻѡ΢һֻ
ƬʮƬڶʮƬֻؽ硭
ַһ·˳˳ˮûκοĥѣͺѰһȷĵ·ϵǰУѰҴ𰸡
ֱڶʮƬֻؽ硣
ৣַԶߣ˴֮żɵԷһͨ巢͸ļˮֵĹȦգв
˵ģսװǰ̫ǣհޡ
̫Դǿߣ
Ļ𣿡⨶Ҳһ
Դ磬һ㶼ԪǿߣҲ۷𣬻𡭡Ǻ̫Դ棬Ҳûٻ
ΪԼǡС赶ô⨶һЦǰһ治֪ôСһսɺʲô
ɱˡ
⨶ɱ
̫ԴĻûȥǣĻ𡭡
ǺǣǾůġ



2753 ٺ
ɣСһ⨶¶һĨ⣬ǼйȦǷɳ۷Ҳȫա
˵ɱһСһǻɱ׾١
䣡~
⨶ȫȻʨӲҪȫ
ԴСҪʲô
ѹƣ
ȫѹƣ㹻ǿʱԪԸѹ˵ԸһСһο⨶֪ǲġ
ͬȼ涼ǿ˵Ƚף
ʮþȡ
ɲǼ䣬⨶ɫǾ䣬ֵ澹˲䱩ǣһԶȫӿȻûѹƣ
ԣ
棬ǿҶԿ⨶˵ֱǲŵһ¡
һǿ
Ǳùķɽƣʱʮ˱ɽ£ǰһƬ޴ú
ɹأһ˲֮䡣
ǻþ⨶ҧԼһʱдΪԶ빥˽֣ȴû뵽Ͽһ
ԵֿþԲİ˲䱬ʵȴʵ
ǻ
Ļʲôʱôǿˣ
һߵúֻ⨶һͼֽʮֺãȫĻᣬüͼʱֵķɽƿ
Ȼʤһ޷й
ֻһ꣬۹ս飬ǳ
~
ɫսװչֲ׷ߵʵǿǿκ۷ȴ൱ɫ
յģ򲻹⨶ɫѿһһְɫȦɢǣһƣɵضַ弸ۣ⨶·Ҫסӣתֱ֮󼪡
~~
ܿ죬ʧӰ
ǹϡַ岢δ׷ϣҲû̫ɱģҪɱ֣ղžʩչԴˣûҪԴΪҪţϾԼĶǵĴ
ײϵġˡ϶ֹһ
ԴΣաַϸϸζһսԼһ̫Դǿ߶սԭǿȷͬ
ǵ棬ǿ
֮ǰ߶սʱַ֪
ΪҲѷɫĸһ
Լڵ棬ԭ۷Ԫ棬ѷɫ̫ԴеԪ
಻Լǿ﹥ԴӰСһ㡣
ĳȣеԪӦϣܻɱĸԪ𣬺ѣʩչԴһսַ˵ֽ׶ԼɺǿߵʵԱȡ
̫ԴǿߣȷưʸΪȷʵҪǿ
ǵʹиǿ߸ࡣ
֮ͷ棬ûҪսͲҪˡַ岻ֶԷ̰ģԭоǿʳںɺҲˡ
һͷϻײһֻӣԲŹ
ϾԼֻǻ
ղһսַ棬ΪıʵϾϢֻ۷𡣵ͷſԭ۷Ԫ𣬶Իɵ

ޣ
ơ
ͷ⨶¶֮ɫƽ
ԭԴСһ£ֽһСһ׬һ㣬뵽һӲûԼˡ
Դ־㹻ǿ»þ
Сӻ﹥ϻþ𼶱Դһ̫Ҳǰ10000ɣ
ãǡС赶ı̬𡣡
ҪȻҾ군ˡ
⨶ԳһЦҲɵˣܳôһѾˣ̫ǰ10000Ļ͡С赶ݱȣ̫Ƶˡ

һȷʵ
⨶ͷ˿ԼսװĴǽۣϸ˿ڡ㹻ǿ¾Ͳֹô򵥡
ＫԸϣ⨶Ҳ֪Сһﲻǡ
۸ڶļһҲӣߡ⨶ԼԿҲͲ̫߳Ե
˵ǸСһɫ̫侲ˡ
⨶֮˶ģﻹЩȷëһĻСһ˵ţ»Ҳ̫ˣ̫ԴеԪ𣬾Ȼһɵ֮ɫûС
Ҫô֪ηҪô
е֡
棬𼶱ǿ
϶еơ
⨶ǲԹɫóġ
ʮ֮˾ţԴ⨶ţܿҵֱֻۣӽ롣
ٺˡ



2754 ֵܣ۲ˣ
ʮƬֻؽ磬ҰΪ׵ĸɫأÿֻۿֻؽ磬зֲ·֣ʱ׷ͻѶȡ
Ų·ԽԽ࣬ԽѰ·ķѵʱԽࡣ
ô׷ˡҰǱ·һ·Ыħһ·ֿ׷ϵ
áʹȫɢ˵ĺɫ档
ǡЫħԲΥҰϾ˴жҰ½Ĵʵǵλôضߡ
ôҰҲϻֱӽǰֻۡ
ʹЫħ˵ǸҰȥһߵֻۡ
ǡЫħӦ
~~
ߺֿܿ
ԵһƣͬһƬռ䣬ֻҪ̫ԶԱٶ·û⡣
˿ԴҲܴ
ȻԭһƬռ䷽λ޷
ҰַȽԴ磬ٶȿַ壬ʱ䲻ô׷ϵģ߽ݾ
һҪڼ֮ǰɱҰսȻ
ڻСֻؽ磬һֻؽ磬Դ֮Ҫַ͸ˡ

ʱַ壬ȵĴû٣һǵһνԴ磬û飬ϱҲ棬ַϾֻǻ𣬾ͷųǿϢȻػս
Լ̽˶Ӻ롣
Ͼַʵǻʵġ
еͷ۰ַҲΡ
ԼͷϢ߾Űˡ
ԼͷϢΪԼװǻƣƾ豦Ϣ
ôƺʡ
ǰɣ͵ĥˡַҲνҲͶķһʱ䣬ҪɱԼɲһ׵¡
һ㣬һ㡣
ַȻÿһƬֻؽ綼Ҫ̽߰˰ˣٶʵͦ죬ΪûߴһΣÿһֻֻʱܻһֻ΢Ӧ·ָ·ư㡣
ĴٶҲ
·ĸ֪·ߣ߲Ҳܺܿعȷ·ߣأӽַ塣
ߴ·ˡ⨶ţԭ·ء
Դ磬ߴ·ҲͶķһʱ䣬ֻֻͬʱļʲߣֻֻͬʱȻֻֻͬʱպϣʱǡͬˡ
ԭ·һֻֻ۱ɡ
G⨶Լ·гţٿһüһȻϢ϶ЩһΪùүô
ɣ
⨶һ⣬ٶȷɿ졣
֮ǰСһһսţһϢģһйͷ֮
ӣԷƺ㡮رܿԼ⨶սŨ֮⡯͵طһģĻˣʱĽϣԴС
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ҵƿ֮ʵ
⨶ǿҪԶģӰٿüһƤԶģӰǡСȴƣļ
˲䣬һϤϢس֣Ƭռ֡
߳߳
ѷɽ֣ײ֮⣬⨶ɫ䣬ú֣Դһ⨶ۿһ۷ڣȫǷ
Ҳݣôһ⨶ĶˣǰСӰ֮ǰŰǸСһ
䣡䣡
ɽٴ֣⨶ͷתŭġ
ͬһӵΣǵһСһ̫Դǿߣһĸ飡
ϻ浱ǲèˣ⨶ҧ屩ǣϵսװҲŴ
ط
ÿһʩչ޴ģһСһ⨶ܴ죬Ҳ˲ˡ
̣벻̣
̫ߵ
䣡
ǣٿ⨶۾ɵùԲ
һޱȿֲϢֱԴֱȡݿ࣬ǧֱӳ۳ҡ

⨶оԼ˿̾籩µķݣҡҡ׹ԴΣ·ҪûƵģָо
Դ
ԴҪֲԴ
յģǸӣ⨶ɫŤ쳤Х֮ؿںһ·һ֣ܳһͫ޺ַ֮ԴֱӼǺ޺
ϣ
޺ѣΪС
֣ͣͣ
ˣֵܣ۲ˣ
⨶羪֮㣬ַ弫Զһֻװ׵ƣ󺰡



2755 ޺
ޣַվԭأ⨶
ԷֶΣҲ첻ѣԴܱôƽ⣿
⨶ַ֣ͣҲεЦţղŲֵ֪㣬ԡ֪ģᣬһᡣ
úǰ⨶˵ü졣
簵Լ֪ٻأѾµֻеƣҺܿԴղŻһͷȣⲻ˷۱
֮ǰⱦ޺񡯣ֵǿһ۷
ʩչһĴط㲻ԪˣҲĲСߣЩ顣
ҪһԴˡ
ղʲôַ⨶ֵԴֶηǳȤıԼھû
⨶з˸ۣС۹涾
ⱦǺǣġ⨶Цǽ͵һôһõˡ⨶ظţ˵ţͬʱһʹı顣
һôַԲ⨶ĹߣǼ򡣡
⨶Զʱɫ䡣
֮ûһӣµľ
ٿ죬ùԴô
СϴûʩչԴʩչˣѶҲԼùûһͷۺײȥ
ô򣿡⨶ɵضַ壬׼
һĶɢʧһСҪ
ԭ۾УԿ⨶СַܿҲӲʩʶҾ͵ѡ
⨶ɵؿַ壬Щҡ
ȷʵһ޺񡯣ʦŶбʦ׼ֻۣԼáԷ̫ԴߣӦòΥʦɣ
1Դ⨶ʨӴ󿪿ڣʵ޺ȻϡУ1Դ൱100ɶһ10޺
ûԴַ⨶п˲ϡ
ȻǱֵӦûôߣ1Դ൱100ɶһ۷
ʲô⨶תת
֪һĻСһôܻкԴôصı
һ۷㻻ַȡһ۷ڸո⨶ǰɱһ۷á
ɫļУų򣬷·һƥѪ
⨶ɫ˲ͱˣ۷۸иеͣ۷۸͵һ֣ΪսװĴڣӧ2
С⨶ֱҡͷô
ַȡһҵļҵˡ
⨶ɴ۾аѡ
Ҫ۷һиƨãЩղǼӧһǮ
ҲˣԼõҲַ˵ĵʵǿ౦úɰԴ౦껭ȫ
ֻ౦Դ۷
⨶üͷš
ҪˣͿˡ
̧ͷַ塮ϡĿ΢Ц飬⨶ĪЩܸоԼ㱻ˣ顣
һɣѡַȷʵҪһı
㿴͵ϮңҶûƽϣղ˵ͣҾͣˣѾǰˣԲԣַ΢Цһѣֵ㲻ôСɣ
⨶Ը֮һ
ǸˣԷе˼ǳв
ˡ
ˣҺܿΣա
⨶ҧһʱԾ
ɣҽͬУʱҪٵõһ۷͸㣬ΣַװǣҲĺܣ⨶ԥһ̨¡
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⨶ҧ顣
벻УСһӲʩκ˵Ȩϣ
ãһ⨶Ǵмһۡ
΢΢ȡһɫůֱӱ˹ȥ漴Ҳֱӽַȡĺӧкȫߡ
һ㣡
žַӹֱӱʱ·һԼڣؿǰһɫ޺΢΢ʱû뼡֮С
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ַܸоĴڡ
ֻһɫܳԼסһ㣬ˣսʩչɱУʱֱʹ޺˻ˣԼ˲ٹһֲ
һ䣬޺г޵ġ⨶Щ۵ַ壬ٿˣղ˵ɣ
šַͷĿԶҪһ
һ⨶ס
ַ˫ţȻȽһЩ鷳



2756 ӲСȻ
Զ۶ӰһȫһɫƣһϺɫۼ׳β˸âڼâĶ˸һ飬ɫɲҺ
Ыħ
߽Ϊ½񣬸ɴ񴫳вãԭ棬־ӣսܴﵽ۷Ԫ𣬵ںɺֻеԪʵ
ȻԴԪսѾ㹻ǿ
һҲбֶΣ۷Ԫǿܱסҵ˵ԭУµĴҲ䱸һ۷
һ㣬ͷܱȵġ
𣡡Ϣ
Ыħ񾫹䣬ٶȷɿ죬ȫû뵽Ұͺʹȷַ壡
Դ磡
ǿ߶ıн޴ĵ򣬻ҽ
ʵĻǿ̫٣һҪࡣҸպʱΣԴսûñײϣⶼַ壬Ǿ̫ˣ
ַ壡
Ƿַˣ
Ыħ񼸺˲ҰͺʹҺԥɱַ壬ճΪǿɲǺˡ
еԪ
еԪ𣬼һСһҪµֹǰҪصֻԶϴˢ衣
ңǲΪһӮùǡ
ַԴһǳԴ磬ÿһ䱸Ы䲻壬Լ־оġ
ħǣǵ񣬱ִСַߣԴ磬̫
ԥһҪϣ
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УЫħѾԶԶַ壬ȻǵһμôعַѾò졣
ս׻սװûκ
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ӲСȻӡЫħһۣͷĬ˲뵯һȣһһҴӲͬǶɱַ塣
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ȻԶ빥ʾַóԴǿ﹥һ޴ġ
ַҶѼˡ
ͬǽǿߣЫħȻͬͣЫ䣬ʱͿռ輫ߣЫβľ綾ܶһ۷Ԫ
ħǵ͵ħǿߣľ൱֮ߣһԴۻƥݿ࣬ɽӡ
Դ

Ыħ׼ַ岻ʩչԴΪԴֻһһһַʩչ൱ڽԼһ汩¶һǰ
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ٿء
ط⨶ͻȻıطʩչֹЫħʧɫַҲ΢΢һʲô˼
⨶˲ʱǣ޴ȻͣսװҲȫŴ󣬱Գʱģ֮ǰַʱޱƣֻʱǸʩչ⵽ַԴ
ڣȴûֹ
𣡡⨶屩кȻһɫӣһϸĩ·ڽɫϣһ۷Դޱȳ棬֮ħҪǿࡣ
ͬеԪ𣬲֡
䣡
棬⨶Ҳȫѹסħ񣬰޾ֱɱħһֲ
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⨶סһַޱɣһԶҪʩչԴȷʵѣַ⨶ԴĲ١
108úޱ߽Ы񣬻ú˲֡
ৣৣৣ
Ыռ䷽λü죬ӰȣƺַĹ
СЫһĨЦٿɫ䣬Ȼֵֶ澹ڲϱǿҽѹơ
ⲻܣ
Ы񲻸ţַ澹ǿ
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⡣Ыʧɫģ棬ռıãѲַ彣֣ԴĽϣռơ
ҡ
ղŵĻ棬̰ɢ
þЫ˲򣬱Ȼʱȫ·磬һúʱ꣬ġ

ԡѪЫѪĿҪƽ󣬵ַ岻κλᣬѹƣԴӿЫڽ֮С
ܿ죬ɱ
ұ𣡣Ы񲻸ʵ쳹ֻؽ磬ѶϢȻأɫЫβ䣬



2757 ˭Ҫټ
ˡ
ˡ
Ұͺʹ𺧲ѡ
ȻЫħֻ½ʵǶԣַ˵ǿеԪ𰡣
ַ徹Ȼһ֣Ұüͷ
ﲢԭ棬ԭԪǿ٣˵Դ֮СҾħǰɱĲǵӶ˵Ԫ
̫ߣ
½ʶѣҰȻ⣬û̫ϣϾֻһеԪ𣬾ʮҲں
۷ԪеԪѹģ
ԼʵҰģʥģȻͲִˡ
ӦһִġҰˣֻ֪̫Ը߰һƲߣһεͦġ
֡ѡһܹѣҪ֮սƾͻһ֮ˡ
ǣַ۷Ԫʱ
ѣҲνҰӿٶȣɭɲâӿɱ֣սװ֮
ַһɱ
һеԪ֣ͬɱ
ҰĵģֻԴ֮Ҳַ塣ѾҵˣôģֻС¡
ӲˡҰ񺮹¶

лַ⨶л
ղİæԼѹڲʩչԴ£һԶȻԼҲӮķôɡ
һûȫء⨶Цţѽħ۷ߣɱַ彻һֵ߶ˡ
ֵַ³Աַ֮ǿһ޺⨶һ֮ǰطѾʩչ屾ģɴѴطʩչȫˣ˷ѡ
ħԼùײ
ƽʱ⨶Ų˷ʩչطϾǱֶΣÿһζ嶼ˣָףԴֵطҪģΪԶ֪һᷢʲô
Ӧ۷ַ彫Ы۷˹ȥ⨶ӹ۾һЦȻ۷ôһ㣬ֵƱۡ
Ͼ޺ʦ֮̫Դ治÷Υʦ뻻ʵȻһ㣬Ĳࡣ
֣ǷǾʹ˱⨶۾ַЦ´μҿɱٶˣֵܡ
áַԲ⨶
Լ׷ǹʣûҪ°ԼԼҲϲǷ顣
ڡ
һ
⨶Цźַ漴ವһʧ
ڣ
˭Ҫټ档⨶һЦ𣬸оһдɫЩѿҸطָһˡ
֮Լ뿪һ⨶Ҳַ忴ɱϾַֻǳʶϱڶ࣬ѱַ岻ɱġ
Сʻ괬

СԴָҪһʱ䣬ұȡʱ䡣ַۣϸϸӦܣ֮ǰֻؽϸӦʵܲ΢ĺ
뿪ֻԽԽǿһ֡
Ȼ֪ʲôһƬƬֻؽôȷ·Ȼȷû⣬ָ··ƣʹԼѸԴǰС
ˡַӰ˲䣬һѸټۡ
һѾˡ
ôţһиĴɱ
ַĴ֮ʹѶϢղŵսȻѱ֪׷
ô񣬲֪ʥûַΨһɵʵǿʥԪǰѳ̫һսʵ
Ӹλϱڶ࣬޷Ϊߣһʵԭ棬Ǹٮٮߡ
׷ɱԼʥ鷳ܴ
뾡ָԴַɵ£ΪһҪֻҪԼһ¶棬ضưոݡ
һһս
ಣಣಣ
ַ弲ۣٶȷɿ졣
̽Сֻؽ磬רѰֻλãȻʱʱ飬нٶԱ֮ǰ࣬Ұͺʹ׷ᣬǰȴƫƫǲôһ㣬ץ
ܣ
ٶôô죡
ҰԽ׷Խļ
Ыħһսѹȥãַͷ·ͻȻʧƵģԴôҲҲ
֪Դ⣬޷ֱӿռ䴫뿪ҰڻַǷѾ뿪
׷ȥܿͼˡҰɫЩѿζŽֻؽ磬ʱ׷ַϼˡ



2758 
Դı־֮һ
ֻۣȴֲֻۣͨԴֻۣ֮һ֮һֻ֮ͫͬǡ
ֻͨ۲ͬһɫĹΣǣᶨߺ־
Ԫǿ֮µģ޾Ԫ¾
ţַͣǰ
ˡĿ⡯Ǻ棬ɫӾͷ·ƵģԼӡ
ַԲߣصԴĵ־֮ǲɴݻ٣־ַߣ־ȴߣɱԪǿߵַǰ粻ڡ
ҪȥôַûϸѰƬֻؽ磬ֻһģֻ޴ѹԱֻǿĶࡣ
ֻۼо̫ѹͨˣߡ
ǣĺоֻǿʮֹ
սƬֻؽ磬ַûôϸϸӦҵͺһĪ
~ַһϵսװЩһ·ۣÿֻؽ粢һ˳ܻһЩ裬ʵǿĺֻߡ
ǿʳ棬
ʵãͻᱻɱ
ҲΪʲôַһֱûҰͺʹԭȻѰֻ۵ٶȱ߸죬ġ鷳Ҳ߸ࡣ
۷Ԫ߶ȥǣܻ
ַֻǻ𣬾Ϣͷ涼ûãԪпıַʵһ
⨶ߣԲֹһ
һսܻôһЩԪʵرǿ̫ԴԪ涼ѹַ壬ʹַ˵ˡ
̫ء
ַǾ
·ǰ·ҪôҪô
Ȼ֪ᷢʲô֮ǰ𲢲̫󣬾־ǿַ
ҲǡǡΪĴڡ
Ϊ־޲ģ
ֻҪ߿ɼ֮ʲôôվܸоӿ־籩Լ׵ֵأ
۷Ԫû־һӰ졣ַܿ϶
սеͷһ־籩ԼߣΪԼصԴģ־֮ػûصԴģԼ־ȴߣҲҪġ
Щ־Ԫǿߣ͸˵ˡ
ĴΪ˶Ըң϶䱸۷
ǲ־ɣ
ַ
ԭ棬û֮·ģҲ־
ԣıＸǲڵģҪֿߣΨп־
սԼкܴĵơ
ʩչԴ°빦Ȼսϣַ岢δôʩչԴʱԴȫָ֧һǿ֮ս
ڵԼȵսʱǿ
һһĻĸ񡣡䲻·ӣݻһ£һߵ׷ַҲո˵ǲ塣
Ȫǰ֮˵һζûõġ
ضʧԴΣ̫࣬һϴ鷳ٱϹѩϼ˪ʱ鷳ˡ
Ĵ񣬲ɱ֮㹻ĺ˲ţҪгΪҲҪʱ䣬ҴٳΪ۷Ԫ𼶱Ĵʱá
һһ㣬ǵ
ȣ
ַ߳ͬԡ֮£ǿԴʥ룬ֱѸʵ
ںɺξ֮У

ಣ
һɫӰ񱼶̤źɫ棬粻ªӵɲ׶񱥺ɱ⣬ʱŭ𲻶ϡ
ʹ
ʵʤһȡ
̫һۣʹսԪ֤ǿսһȼռԴԺʥʵںɺͨԭȴһһĳڡ
һʥʵֵ൱һǿ
ʥʵԴɷ̲غʹʵԭȻʲôںɺȴǲףҰ
ַ壡Уʹ񼫾ŭ
Ϊ񱨳֮ǰѾҵַټɱȻˣֱúʹĺܡ
һСһôصĴȫȻץ
ʹǸоѹԴ־籩ϯƬ򣬽Ǵֻؽ磬ʱҪץַ塭
ǣ
ַ壡
ʹɴ۾ϲѣ˲ʱɱַ塣



2759 ʯ
ʹ񡣡ַϵõ̫Űһڴ񣬶Ժʹļǲĺɫ棬޾ȼգԭȴֲԭǿ
Ԫɱѷѽ⣬ʵס
յַ壬ֻܿⳡ֮սȴΪʱȫͬ
³ɺޣһ㣡
ǵ졣ַԲʹκλᣬ֮ǰԸط⨶һһʱʩչǿԴ
ַǿһУҲΨһ۷Ԫ𿹺һС
׿Խεط֤ܻɱַ忿ĲʵǿԴʥͷżսʮԪַ壬֮ǰǿ࣡
䣡䣡䣡
Դ磬ַѱǿٲǱѹʱԺ۷Ԫ࿹⣬ȻԴδɱԴ㳲Ȼ൱ɹۡ
иǸصԴĵľɷƽʱɷԺԲƣϾ۷ԪַԴúֲܴڡ
ڣȴͬ
껭ףըźʹ۷Ʒһ治Կַ壬ԴԽ껭200%ķӡ
Դʡ
Դ
һԪԴɵвԴϾԴҪǡġͬӴԴҪ˭Ҳ˭Ŀܾˡ
ʹ񲢷רԴ꣬档
ǲģ̫Դ⨶ȻԴ꣬ɱ䣬ȻȻɱԴԴ
ʹ񣬺ԪһԴʶ
һĲ࣬Ǿ޴ġ
ܣ
۷
ҵ꣬Ҫǿ࣡
ʹɫ䣬ַǿ˽⣬Դǿ֪ͬ˴ִȫѼΪ˳׼
ЫħֻڻңִַģҰ
ڣоԼ۷ѴԵַԴ֮ǰԤҪǿ࣡
ǣϡ
ʹо۷ѣ޾Դڣһ̶˵֮֡ټȥɱַĻὫԽԽã

һɣ
ʹ񷢿ЦЪ˹ŷ޾ѪһɿֲڷͣһϺɫĻ磬켫¡
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һ̣ӿΪɫ棬˲侹ǽʹȼɻҽ
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޾죬ȫ¾ǺʹֶΡ
ʯ١
𲻽ȼ棬꣬ͬյַԴԴ꣬ﵽµĺʥʵ̲غͺɷĳȻڡ
˿ǹԪ۷˲ַԴԴ
ڷգȫͬ
ַԴԴ൱ڳı¶ڱǰΪ㡣
ʹЦźɫգɲ˲ЦȴȻֹ
ΪַԴԴɲǼʧˡ
гһ޺ΧһƬ󣬽ͫĺ޺ͺƷιӥ㣬Ǻɫȴްʹ顣

ʹѪĿĿ
ܺɫ潫ʶȼû˿죬ȴַֺ
ʹ񡭡
ַ֮£̷СԴָԴ
ԴĵıԤ٣һΪ߶ԺʹΪʹ񲢷Դ𣬶ڡԷ١֮¡
ǰʯͷԼţǱűľġ
һǵ͹˵ַоڵһĨʧؿǰһĨ⣬𽥻Ϊɢ֮ǰ޺
ԼҲû뵽뻻޺ô췢á
ȻޣԽ۷ԪĹûôҲֱֻܶ߱ǵֵһ˺
ôһⳡսսȫͬ
û޺ػʹʯ٣ɱԼʹԼˡ
ԴԴ⵽ش˵֮ĻָǷףԴ磬Լֻ´粽С
ϧ㲻㡣
벻ɱлûɱԼԼ
ͣŭĺԶȻը죬ͥŭһƬֻؽ쳹֮ޱɱ⣬֮ԶַҲ



2760 Ǿѧ
Ұ
һͬ׷ַ壬Ⱥ󵫾벢Զںʹַ˲䣬ѴҰ񣬺ٶȸ
ַɱʹ񣬸պҰƬֻؽ֮ʱ
ٶȣѾܿ졣
ʹַ֮սĸ졣
ԴԴһ˲֮£գۼţһַԲ˷ʱ䣬ʹκνᡣ
һؽ棬ѱƵúʹԷճ
ʥʵķһʱ䣬ⳡսҪ졣
ҰҲŭģȺַɱΪĴѴ̣ſƲһҰѺڲѡ
ֱӸַ壬׷ˣˡ
ַ壬ûӡ
ԴɱҰַڿ϶뿪ϾԴĻܾ޴󣬵½ֻķ֮һСԴҲ΢ָ֮С
ߣǿ50%ս
սʱԽãߵӾԽǿ
ַ岻뿪
һһѵãֻۣһֲͬԶҰģӰַоΨһһϢ
ô֮ǰɱǸЫӺħ壬Ӧǽ洫е½񣬼ϸĺʹֻʣ
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ôأʥǿ񡣡ַǵҰ񣬵һǰ̫ҪˣҰӣֻձʦָԪֱӾܾ
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Σ̫֮սҰʥǿ֮ʦָԪһϸ£ͥ
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ڵңҲǿַ֪ԼʵѳɳӽջȪǰĲΣֻǻ𣬵ƫ棬óԴԼһһ£۷Ԫս
ԺԭΨһǸһԪһϸ¡
~~ǿԴʥЧѴﵽ۷壬۷ԴȻս΢Դ괦һޱȿܵ״̬
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֮ԴϣαԼӴȫŷɱҰַµһսո¶â
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սĥսܸԴİء
ͬǵ죬ַһδεĽϸ껭ϣǳ䣬޾ǵ׺
~~
ԺУʲôҿ
Դɱ䣬ǰزεɱ䣬ε֮սַҵͻ׿ԽطԿףս֮£ˡѧӰӡ
ֻǶѧӰӣص췭ظı仯
ԭ棬ֻЩëǵĴڣսųǿԵ츳ܴѧطƩԭų޵ɱԪġ𡯡
ԭΨһһԪҲδܴѧط
˿̵ַ壬Դѧطı߽磬ﵽ׿Խط㡣
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ս¡
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񣬺ʹ֮ǽҡ
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ҰҧгݣѣȫȻǿַԴҰǿ۷ǽӽǿĲΡ
˿̣ȴռϷ硣
ַԴһһϵĺ
ܵס
סˣ
ҰսɱҲǰȻԭ棬û־裬ʵȻģں侲
ֻ֣ǻ
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ʩչԴɱֻͣҪٳһһȺľҰҲǸֵַĹ
ȻַԴǿַ幥Ʒȴ
ϧӵԴ۷ľˡҰžģĪȴоԴЩģʶͻȻЩ磬ǰͻȻһֻɫӣ
ã
Ұʧɫ



2761 ô
Ұ־ʵÿһ۷Ԫ־ȥ£Ұ׵ֵߣֻؽֻؽ硣
ʶҰҲû̫⣬עַϡ
սУâƴʤһ˲֮䣬κεı仯пʹʤбԴУ־֧š
100%״̬£Ұ־Բߣ־ͺȫƤһܻܿȫѡ
һҰҲǸа
Ӱ־ͬҲӰַ־ܡƽսȻʵⷽҰžġ
ôܻһСӣ
Ʒ׻ռƣܡ
ʲôҰӲ֮£оߵ·ͻȻǿƵģ˿͸ıƴ޾ɷӿ룬棬γɹ
ܿߣ
ôܣ
ҰĿĲ
ԭΪ߶ַ嶼һģͻȻֲַֹ߲ûκӰ죬վַһߣ
ҰԴһƬң߶ɵӰ죬˿ִӰ
ৣ
ߵǱøǿҰ־ܶҡһƬȻǿˣҰ־ˣԴǸĵĹ̡
־ģɼͬҲġ
ǣ߷
۷ķȷǿʧȥҰ־ĸ裬ַԲŹᣬԴıֱ
~~
ͬŴ󿪣ûػʶԵĳҰȻػ˿ѻ
־Ϊѩϼ˪
䣡
޴ȻأҰ˫ĿȴĲʹ࣬Ϊû֮ǰ־ȱݻ١
۷Ԫôصڶǿߣ䡣
աַɫЩ԰ס
ҰʵԼҪǿûߵİȫʢ״̬µԼҲ޷Ӯܾˡ
ߵĴڣֻǿԼսĹʵԴУ绢Ĵڡ
뿪ˡַ֪ԼδΣա
սԴɺԣҪȫָҪ൱ʱ䣬ƬԴ磬ʵǺΣյһ¡
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뷴
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ɴҲõһˡַ˫ӹһƾ⣬ôسʥ񣬳ȫ䡣
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ʵ޼ĺʹˣʵǿҰҲˣԵҳϣҪ׷ɱԼҲ൱ɵ
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лᣬȥõıַĿԶٵȴߵĿ⣬־֮ǹַʱ֮С
~~

Դ磬
ˣ
ʲôҰҲˣ
޴βڵϣ˫Ŀǿ־塣
ڸոգʹַɱԴ񲻸ţú̿䱸۷Ȼˣ
ֻάһɲǣ˲޾־ȡ
һʵǿҰҲɱҡ
ıȺʹң
ûС
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Ұ񣬾ǰĴﶼӴɼڲţð䡣
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ʵǿüǿġ
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ɫѿûһ̫֮սʱûַַֻǶڸԪ𱳺ĳ
£ȴоһֱ֧Ŀ־壬ԴĵµΣա
֮ǰԴôضѾ䣬޵ڶֿܡ
죡ˣҧβŲ·뿪ַͻȻ֣һɱˣֹɲǣȻ֪ô



2762 
棬ؾ
Ұͣȫˣеʥ񲢲Ȼŭȫɴ۾ޱȣԺиֳַģ˲ļǱƿԪǰһĻǳ֡
͵ĻȪһģһ
ңȥ׷ɱĴȥ޻أȫɱͬǵȪڵַֻǻ
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Ϊ֮һԭ֮޾Ԫʥ֪̫Դ棬ôһЩţ𼶱ܻɱ۷Ԫɱߣ
ֻ棡
۴У۱һĸԶ𼶱˵ɱ۷Ԫ𣬾ɱ۷ޱȺС
ˡʥɫ䣬뿪

ֻء
һȻ񣬾վ֮УĴڷ·ʱ䶼ȫֹͣɫִۣȨȣָǾ޴ʱ֣عš
ʱƿߣԶ
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ռ䲨ԶͫǰֻӿռѷвһӰһƶǱƬռʱ˱仯
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˵ɡԶž·ûʲôݡƽʥ񣬿͸һС
Ҫۡʥ۴ֻصһɽʵҰҪǿö࣬ʥԼҲֻѷһ
áԶûжķϻȻǰ
лʥüͷ΢أ䲻ԸǿڣϣԶȻֻᱻ̡
ҪҳôԶʥ
Ҫʥɫһֱ࣬ӾܾɲٱЦԪһСһҪһѾˣҪԶǾΪЦˡ
ৣৣৣ
ռ䲨Ӱ˲֣Ϊ׵ǵս̫۴ִ컭ꪣսϣʵǷ
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ʥһִȥɱַ塣ԭ֮£ƹֻصԶ
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֣ôȥַЩƣս͸о֮ǰֻȻֻͬ۾ͺһռ֮ţֱӱǴһоͷ·һ硣
ӦǸ־Ŀ飬뿪磬
Īģȴ޷뿪
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2765 ֻؽ
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2768 һսֵ
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Դĳȫַ塣
ԭֻǵƵԴʱ˳33ŴԴ֧ŹٳսȻÿһܻɱַ֣áǿ
ڵַ壬൱ӵ۷Ԫս
Թ˵ǿ

ϧܵˡַ屶ϧҵһ䵥һԪ𣬵ָѲܱﲻԼɱĵһһԪ𣬵㣬Ҳǿ
һԪ̫ԴһԪ𣬱ȻԴıһ㶼дԴ
ֻҪܻɱһն
ڶԷǷк̨дߣͲַҪǵˡˣǶһʲôϵɺǿʳɱ
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2769 һ̫ߣ
۴óǿںϿռ䷨Ӧڼ֮ϣԶ빥ʮ־ˣΪħԪħмġ
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һСһǵõʦڡɫȻδΪַǻκС
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ʥԣַǿԴҲᡣԼĸӦģԪǿĸӦġ
ֻҪȸӦַ壬ַԴĻᣬֱӾܽɱ
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⡣Ī֮һݣɵͣܣããз·һ˫۾ڿսγɵľõý˲˷Ӧִҡ
ڣ̣~
һռڽ֮ϣ˫ٿظӦһǿϢȻѹ纣Хֱӿ
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Ϊ֣˶δֱ֣ӱ¶۴ʥ񣬽аռȻһȴȫ·硣
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ǰ׹䣬޾Դѹ۷ݿĹƣͺһ֧ս֮ʦʮ㡣
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۷ַջȻȻɱ̫ôԣ̫ߺɱ࣬۷ԪҲ
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ĵԴҲ࣬Դٵػָš
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ӸսԴ߱ѿʼ׷ɱ̫֮ʱַֻδĳ񣬵ڡȴѳɳΪһͷչ߷ɵӥԽԽߡ
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ŲʹҰĿڸղŽҲجˣҲȻ١
ΣյļһۺͿɡ񡮾顯ϵȥ׷ɱַˮó

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۴ִ컭ꪣ粻սĵֻɢս⣬Բӱսֻصһɽ˵һһսۻġ
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2770 ô
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ʩչԽ࣬ԽԽǿͬľѧطǿԲܴǵַǴﵽѧΣַǵмռ䡣
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յһδ׿ԽطʱԼķྫʱ佫ޣȻҲܡ
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۸ӵĴֻؽ磬ַѵĿܣⲻСֻؽ磬ֻΨһһ·ԾʥҲַ壬Ҳûַ徹᷵Сֻؽ硣
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СֻؽȥʲôʥܸӦλãн·ŭޱȡ
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2771 
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2772 ۴
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2773 ֻԴ
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2774 
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յĻȪһĻ棬ʧܸΪʵã־ȪκλᣬҡСʱ֮ɱ
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һڣ룬˵ҵַ壬Լ⵽в
ʥʼţַĿһڣģֻ֮ΪַҪ񣬾ͱýڣ
ֻ֮ͫûеġ
һҲ¶ûСʥ˷ʱ䣬͸ַʱʮţʥ񶼲ɽ
ͺƺɺһʥ۷κα仯һĳȡ
á
ʥ·붨ʱһһֻ߽أʥҲ࿴һۣͨ
Щ۷ԪߣҲȥʥ鷳
Ϊǡ
ˡ͸۷ʥϢѱ鼰Ƭֻؽ磬ֻҪַһ֣ܸӦõ
ͫƺâʥ޴ֱɱϢ͸¶Ӱֱ˲ơ
ַκѵĻᡣ
Ϣ
ʥסַͬʱַҲǷʥǰδеӴѹȻ·ص̫֮ۡ
ʱֻܶڴʦֶʦԿ
̥ǡ
ַܴ岢δܣΪ֪ԼӲߣɱĽ٣ʥգ۵۰ԭԪĳȻڡ
ɱȪǰԪ֮һ
Ҳһֱ־׷ִַߡ
ôʥ
䣡оȻɱһ˲䣬ֱַӹûκζķϻҪ˴֮ǲݡ
սǣ



2775 ԲܷŹ
䣡
ַǿԴʥ£˲䱬ԴδԴĳǿԴʥвƵãޡ
ǵ죬׻۷
ǿ־иɻֻҪ飬Ҳò˶ӡַľѧطߵԼһ·ʺҲԴ
á
ûԴҲ㹻ˣ۷ԪԵֵַֺĻ֮ϡ
һεĶ֣ǱѰ
ôص
ڵʥȨ޾Ԫԭ濰޵УںɺʥʵҲȾ̫Դ۷ԪҪǿ
棬ǿ
ͬǿ
ʯ
Ԧɽһ޾ΡľɽʥΪϣƷʸǿʥĵλӵǿӵкԴ
ǿͬס
ȻǷȱһ֣Ȼ䳬ǿķַĿǡ
۴񹥻ǿأ
Ұܡ
СʥоԵİգܵסַԴΪľǷһķ
СԴȷʵˡ
࣬ʥл̾ѹ۴񶼳Աѹ´һһַɱ
ַǿ
ռݱƣƣʵȽƣ֮£ַԴܶһɱˣǿɼ
Сӣͺһ޼᲻ݵУʵڹ֮С
ֻҪĹ޷ЧǾͱɡ
Դ
Դʹã
ʥо־Ӱ죬Դи˿˿ƵɷӰ죬ַǾﲻѣѶϢдδἰַԴС
ԭ棬ûĴڣ
ûáȻʥͨ޾Ԫĳ־֮ǿ˿ѷɫ۴Բᱻַˡǳ־ҡ
ԲܷŹ
ʥΨһͷ
ֺ󣬷ַ֪ʵжǿֻһСһѣ
Ȫ̤ʱʵֻҲȲַԽɫʥԽɵ
һŶʱը뼰Ȼֹᱻը÷ǣᱻըʬء
ϧֻܻˡʥ־עڲԦɽУԴң֡
ֻȴַԴľոʤʵ

䣡䣡䣡
ǵԴڹַɫҲԽԽأϰԴһֱδʧܹ
һΣַ֪Լײˡ
ʥķ̫¡
ֹǿͬǿ
棬ǿĶࡣַ涼ƣʥ棬Ȼ̫Դ۷Ԫ𣬵Ҳ˶٣ڵԼҪǿ
һ£ʥӵǿǿ־
ַ峢ԹгҲԹĳ޷޴֮ɽƾǵپҲá
ַֻ֪ҪǿķԼӮһ롣
޷ơ
ģһ㡣
ͬԴǿӮĿܡⳡսʥַϸַֺγʥĵϸ
֮£ַĸ
Ϊַ壬ʵռս֡ȨģȻַ塣
ߣ
ַûаԥ
޷ʥǱ뿪ȥûκ壬Դľ޴ľַأֻҪ㹻ʱָܻģϾ౦
ӣ
Ӳ˵ģ
ʥЦ𵴣һѿռ˲̣Ϊץַʥֶþȫ׼
סԴһ棬ַһ档
ַһεĻᡣ
Ƭֻؽ羡ʥƿأռȫʧֹ޷Ƭֻؽ磬ַҲ޷ֻͨ뿪
ͬʱãʥ־ڱصá
ɲǼ䣬ɫȴǱһ䡣
кĳһֻĹֳ棬Ȼ䶯ȴܿռƣޱȵ⣬Ǿ޴£ַϢٿʧ
ܣʥ񱩺һһ˫Դ۵ȭֱȡ׾޳һֱǺ˽ȥͷ·һ޻Ƶģжȥ롣
ã
ʥһҧ
㣬ǹ㣡



2776 ֻ
׾޳滺䶯ÿһ䶯ƺܻȴռãһݻ٣زѿռҲǱҧ顣
ɶ񣡡ʥһδεغ׾޳㣬λԣķԡ
ʥĹ޾ԪĳҲѳԽ۷Ԫ𣬴ﵽż
һδεĹ޷ɱ׾޳棬׾޳ķԽԽ
ȥʥȻɫȭӰǺ׾޳棬һɢʹΧռ·˿ռ֮Уʱʥɫޱѿ
Ϊ֣Լȫˡ
ַ壬׾޳֮С
ܿռ󣬵ַϢȴȫʧڸո׾޳һʱУ׵ʧӰ
Ŀʥŭ
һ񣬾һСһŪڹ֮Уʹ߾ߣַ֪ȥ
ϢӦƬֻؽûַ塣
ַ㣬ɳ롣
ʥѪĿԱãȴãǱַӳ죬ϺݺһƣָӡĿ
ⳡսӮˣʵȴĺܲҡ
ڶַ֪ȥǴԴѣֻѣǽ˽ֻأ
裡ʥ񱩺Ъ˹֪ͨԶԮԮԴߵַˣ
ǣˡӦ
ಣ
ʥɫֱ࣬۽ֻء
Ѿûеڶѡ񣬶Сַ´ոպַ֪Сһжֲ
һѣôȴģ֣֮
۸ۣҪַԴ磡
ৣʥ˲ֻأ˿̵ޱȵ侲
ʥַȻʹⱦѣֱ뿪ԴĿԺСΪıǿƷ׵ģҷǳ
99%ĿܣַҪôֻͨؽڣҪôǴֻߣͼͨ뿪Դ硣
ǰߣڣַټ
ߣ֪ͨԶ񣬽Դ磬ַضܲˡ
һֿܣٸַᣬС̫Σգһʱ䣬롣
ջȪĳ裬ʥٷ
ܲˣַ壡ʥ쳹Դ硣

ʱַڽֻ֮С
ֻؼΪƣһֻأһδε飬־ᶨߺױУ
Ҫڣֻһؿ
ͬʱҲԪ߼־ǿһˡ
ֻͨأζ־Ǵﵽߵż
ʶܽڣ߾ǵС
һ֮סһʥսᣬֵַ徭ֻأ㲻Ӱ죬Է¡
żͨĽֻأַ˵ֻͨͨһϰ
ʥս֮ǰַöԲߡ
ȫԸһս
شɱʥȻǺã޷ȷȻһսȷδﵽԤڣַ岢ûջ
룬֪ʥʵжǿ
ԼжԶ
㡣
һǿ
һǱҵһԴǿ
ס
ĿǰԼ뵽֮
ʥĺ
⻹ֻںɺԭ棬־裬ʵڻҪǿϺü
ৣৣ~
һֻشۻþֱǵӰ죬޷ַκӣ޾г˷ˣһǰӹΧӦ˲仯
ޣٿأַӦ֮ϤĺǴһֻ֮Уǰ
ž
ַ֣һץ紩͸ֻء
һĽɫԲ͸žΧһ壬·ֻ
ɹʵַ΢
֮ǰֻʱҲδƵģһνֻΪλͻȻ֣
ƺԴйءַҲǵֱӽ룬ʱۣ־֮ϢʣŽɫ飬ʱ
~
ڵԴͺƱı̬˲ۻַоԴı仯ĳ֣ƺֿɼ
֮ϲǰһâֻصĳڣ뿪ֻ֮·
оźԽԽǿңַԥ̤ǽâ֣Ӱʧֻ֮С



2777 صԴģ
ȻǶռ䡣ַ֮ǰ֮ͨʱǴֻ뿪ǽһˣһǰ
ˣٶȲһùʥҵڶ࣬ʥȫڴá
Դף뿪ѡ
䱻ڴֻؽزأƴһѣֱӽһԴк֮ǰǰֻغܿн硣
Ȼ
þ˵Դַ˫ǻһĨЦݣΪԴԼӦԴĴڡ
˿̣Ȼɱš
ԼԴʳһŽɫɹʵɱԴ
Ҷеģ
ǽֻصĽ
ַ壬
Ǻõġ
ʵַ岢һֻҪֻصߣܵõšʥĹʵ
һֻͨء
ǵһδֻء
ߡ
̡
ֻҪߣ־ﵽ߲ΣܻʥĹʵֻ99%ﵽҪߣ䱾ԴʥĹʵʵ
ַ壬ȴѩ̿
ף׾١
ַ㹻Դַ־ǿ涼Ѿ㱸Դɱ䣬صԴĴƺʲôӡҪҿƵġ
ܿˡַ֮һ
ԴĽףԼصԴĵ־֮ǣ嫵ǣѹһеǿǷӡʲô
~~صԴУʲôѿ
ޣ
ַ岻һ
־֮ǵĳԺɲǼѶϢ־֮ǵĲٿ֮ɷʩչ֮صװѶϢ
־̬֮ҡ
ɷ̡
ֶΡ
Ǿⷢչ͸ԴǿսԴصԴĵԴϡ
־֮ǵġΪѹΪƣϣԴϡ
־֮ǵġҡΪ־ϵϣɺԴϡ
ɷġ̡Ϊ̣Դһ㣬ϵϣԴϡ
ɷġΪ͸ɢӰ죬ϣԴϡ
ԭҪ⿪صԴĵġӡҪ޲δﵽԴַ˿ףѹ֮ǰܸоصԴĵأʼ޷
Ҫʵߡ
ȫڵԭ棬Ҫѱȵ졣
Լײˡ
⣬ֻصԴһ
Ȫǰ˵صԴвһبŴС֮ǰģģиоַȫâģһ֮š
ԺеϢʾֻҪصװȫɿ֮ţص۴С
صԴΪԴĸΪַԼܸоĸڣԴ磬ܸӦڵķλ
ÿ֮⣬صԴϣﵽҪܿ
Դ
صװĺԴ
ȫǿģصԴģǿĴڡҲﵽǿ
ңֻҪصԴĽϣܴﵽԴ
صװȫܻبŴУܻصװǿȫ

̫ˡ
ַꡣ
ȪǰصװֻʩչĸĻӲصװΪûԴ޷ƿصԴġ
ʶȪǰѶϢصװبŴС
̫ϧˡ
ȪǰȫصװܾͲڵˡ
ַҲǸ̾
컯Ūˡ
ȪǰѾӵбǷȱôһ
ڣԼȴõһ
ȻԴǿصԴֻǿǿĶࡣַϸϸƷζصԴѶϢһ๦õı
һص㣬Խ࣬ôԽ࣬Խ
صԴĲͬö࣬ÿһǶ⣡
ԼҪֻ̫࣬Ҫ־֮ǵġҡǾɷġԴܷӲ׵Ч
ս棬־֮Ǻ;ɷ֮ϡ
ߣΪԴԴԴһ塣
ңʥ񡣡
һμ棬һϸ£
ַ壬İٱ



2778 ȥ
̫Դ档
ףҡ̩иܣ̯˫֣ŵؿţ·һΰ㣬ξȴʵͺľ
оδйޱ̡
лˡ̩ޱ飬ȴڵѪһԪĴǼΪģǵʮŵľųߣ޶ĺķҲ޾Ԫ۵ĲƸΪС
룬̩иˡ
Ƹۻӣֻһ
ˣ
̩иһʱ飬صԴ类ַɱһɲǣ˲ඥת
ˣ
ֱˣ
̩ил˸̩֮иǹڵأҲҴø̩֮ΪˡģȻ̫Ԫ
׼ĳȻڣ
Ҳֻȴڣ
˶飬̸̩м̩΢΢ʮֹ
ǵΰӰߴһ˫ë˫ַ̨֮ϣӣ̩иɱĿһ𡣡
ǵģˡ̩иݣ
𣡣
Ļ𣡣
̩ɴ۾ţ̩иʵ̫ԴͬȼƲ϶⣬̵£ʵҲ㲻ס
Ԫǿɱˣпԭ
һɱ
ңĻ
ôܡ̩촽΢üͷȻ˼֪ԪԲ˵ѣΪ̩иͬʱԪܻȡǰһֵļ䡣
Ҫģ̩иԼҲˡ
ȥ̡̩дһ˿ɣϵλȻȻھ޴󹬵ߡ
ǣˡ̩Ӧ

Դ磬ַǱ֮С
Դɱ䣬ŽԴǿַ岢ûпȥգΪһԴմʧ
֮ǰ磬ˡ
ᣬֻһΡ
ʱޡ
ұڽԴľǰصԴĵʹá
ַҲΡ
˰Ͳո죬Ϊ죬ԼϣһЩһһìܵǣصԴԴȪԴ
֮־֮ǵġҡǾɷġҪԴá
ʹԴȻģˣȡԴ䣬ȻǼٽʧ
û취
籾Դ磬ڵĿġ
Ҳν̫⣬ôô
޵ʱսⱾַóġ
̫Ρ
˫£
ַһǼ۷һصԴġߺǿսԶǾͨȴһ㡣
޷ڡ
ҪʵֻԴơȻҲ־صԴĲû
־֮ǵġҡ;ɷġԴ
ǰǿԴԴĶԣ֮֡
ַߵ
⣬Ըͬ־֮ǵġҡ;ɷġҲֳͬô
˵עء̡ʵʱ־֮ǵġҡЧá
˵ԡǿжַԺ͸ʱþɷġЧѡ
㹻ʱ䣬ǽȫգͬĶòͬϡ
ʱޣ־֮ǵġҡǾɷġﵽǿĲΣ½һַ嶼ûգ˵Բ
ʱԵȡᡣ
ҵҪֻʥַʥս
ķ
Ҿ־֮ǵĵһ̬ҡ
ַ
Դޣֻܼã־֮ǡҡһôǾԼԴҪֶǿ﹥־֮ǡҡͬϣ
Դĵ߰˰ˣ뿪ԼȻᾭսʱܻôԴȻǺãҲҪ㡣
ңһһϵǿ
ڽʱ䣬Ӧܽȫˡ
Žİַܿ״̬֪һûôʥûɱԼһεķ籩ֻҡ
ͬģֻҪɱԼԼͻøǿ
ԽԽǿ
󵽵¹˭ַ֣ǿǿһŲģԴ磬һ׼
û¹



2779 Ҫģǻ
ף˵˼ǡΡ빬뿪̩и̲סʵ
˵˼ҵܴģҪʣǡ̩ɫȻշʲôһһʮȫ
ǣס̩иʱѻָȫ䣬Ǽǵ
֮ܣ̹ġ
Сڸ³ɳδ㻬¬
һ·渵̩иڻɱַΪʹޣ䶪棬֪Ϊ˸˲ƴۡ
һ࣬ǿ
˵ԴѴﵽ۷Ԫߡ̩˼쿪ڣʵ׵ã󡣡
ӽΪⱦǱǡ
ʲôף̩иӺ档
ûʲô̩׼֣ȥ׼֪ͨһԴ硣
̩и٣𣺡ףȥɱСô
̩Ҫģǻˡ

ַв֪Լˣַ֪Ҳںһ˺һˣǺܴ
ʱһ˼ȫ֮С
صԴȷǼ屦ǿжģͬѶҲǶģַ屾ߣŸոսӴһ棬һѶȡ
ѡ־֮ǵġҡʼַ㷢֣ߵǶ෽ģԴйأͱԴ֮ҲϢϢء
ʵҲߵʵȡߵۺϣ𵽵Ǹͳá
սˣҲˡ
޾ͺһ֧ӵľʦԴͱԴ֮·û·ǿҲѷ
صԴֱ̬־֮Ǻ;ɷ
־֮ǸעءɷעءԴ˵Ҫƿ־֮ҪԴԴҪƿؾɷҪԴ
ַԣƿ־֮Ǹס
ԴƿҲַһߣҪƿؾɷúķѼ
ߣһ档
ԴޣȻ޷Դϣﵽ°빦֮޲ͷԴͱԴ֮壬°빦
˵Ҫƿ־֮ǵġҡҲס
С־֮ǣҪķ൱
־֮ȥңҪεƿأͺƻӵһһֻǺû·ĵֺвԡ
ҪҵԴࡣַоˣԼɱԴͺƳƵۡ
صԴıϾǿҪʩչֹҪƺ͸򣬸ҪмʵĻ

Դ
һ·߲ͨһ·
Դһ̬֡ԼֲʩչսȫԽԴںϣʩչ
ԴԼԴ㡣
˵ʡһ裬ֻȱͨˡ
ôַ彥Ѿ֪нԴĵٶȲν죬Ҫöࡣ
ΪԼ־֮ǵġҡһֱԴ
ץʱˡַоѹ
Լ޷ڽ־֮ǵġҡ൱ڰװ׿صԴĵܣ˷ôʱ䡣
ֻغʲôԼ֪
һԿ϶Ǿǵض޵Լʥ֮ǰԼƤߣ¡ֻǱס

ڣ
ɶ񣡡
һȥˣ

ŭƬĹڣʥɫЩѿһԭһֱûַϢԽԽļԽļԽӰ졣
һ棬ڸոϮ̫ߵĹ
ʥûκƣٺõı۷Ԫ̫ߣȴѹסܽڣߣûһߡ
ޣ³һѪ̵ʥָ֮ɫ˫
óľǷͱʶ֮ǰĽսҲֻ˶ѣԭ޾ļԪѾܾúܾûˡ
ˣȫΪַ壡
Ҫҽڣضʬ޴棡ʥ񲢲Ϊַܻڣ£Ҳûա
ԭ棬Щһһɱһɱһ˫
ʥ߷߲ƽ
ԭ棬һϸ£Щ۷Ԫ
ԶһҲˡ
ڴֻؽ磬ڣ
ֻҪַûҵʥϬɱ⣬һαַǰߣܴ衣
ٸַڶλᡣ
ᣡ



2780 ģһ
ɹˡַϲ
ڽУԴĵһδʩչ־֮ǡҡ̬֮ȻֻǴɣδﵽԲ磬㹻
صԴĲǿ
ֻǴɣ־֮ǡҡͨǿ
ԲԾˡ
ַҲԲʱ輺
Դѹ˳ɣʣ²ɵԴ޷֧żַ廹ʱ档
ɣӡ
ʱ۷޾׺ͷţԴڿأ֮ǰΪԴ㣬ַ岢δɱԴʵѾɱ䡣
ûޡַܸоⲢԴŵļޡ
ȻƾԴɱ䣬ѹեǱַ岻ȺлţΣأҲ뽫͡
Ҫã
ң־֮ǵġҡҵԴԺʥǿַʮģҲΪʲôδ˼ɱԴ
Сԡʸ
ġʱ䡯ʣ޼ʵܶࡣ
ֻҪԴʣ²ɵԴҵʱ֮ǰȥʱ
ˡ
ʱ䵽ǰ
ַ֮ǰѽ۷֮һֱΨһһǿԴ֮ԽԽַ෱ӡ
ⲻô
ͨ䣬û㣬״Ӧֲͬĵˡ
ʮ١ַ忪ʼ۷ֺ֣ܶл࣬Ի࣬ȵȣʮ۷ߵǴ࣬ˡ
ʮʮʮɱС
ʩչҪǿԴȡԴ걾ǿȣԼؼ־
̩иб丸̩Ϊ侫׼ģ̽۷Ǳ̩и͵Ϯսǰռơ
֮ףΪΪ̩иһԪ𣬲ýսʶҪһܱ
ĻӰֺʮ٣л־Ϊ̩иó־ףʶҲϡ
ڣȫַ֮֡
Ȼڻַûʲô飬Ҳ˽⣬ַͬԴ꣬гԴҪǣַ־֮ǿԶʤ̩и
ߵ־

ʵҲûôѡ
ǿصԴġعͷ۷ַȻɲ٣ǱԼ־ᶨջ౦°빦
ȻʱﵽԲǲܣҪﵽɵĲΣȴû⡣
־ϻ
Ȼ޵ͣȴ߲٣ԸЩ־ᶨ̫ǿĵˣЧ
ʮ٣һһ

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Ȼ޷ڣ̫Դ浮Ԫǿߣ̫ͨߵҲһһѣ඼ߣ۷ߡ
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ҲûʲôúڣϾԼҲ֪ܱ䣬֮ǰоڵʱһ̣Ǿȷġ
һ֮ذɡַûȤЩˮľץʱսҪģһ䶨ֽȺ¹ľ棬Σպܶࡣ



ִԯƣ]սףȫɱ⨶ݣҡڣ峡սʤһƽֱ
ڵǿ
ڣǿߣҲûʲô˲ġ
ǿһ㣬Ǻǡ⨶İٱ֮ǰԼڣл裬ս㷢֣ĶҲȴֻؽǿ˶١
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Ѹٽӽ
⨶͸Ұģ˵־ڱصõһսǶ֪ӽֹδƶ룬ϢҲδš
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ԯںɫ֩ײʱǾ޳ǺȻѹ£⨶ھʹнԯƲûסһֱӱڣΰأԴһƬ
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ɣ⨶ȻʧɫŲһģûڵءʱѾȫӦ˶֣جΰƲݵĻϢħӡĵס
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2787 ֣ͣԼˣ
⨶˵ַجΡ
ЩԪδǹַν֣βʹĽѵһĻ࣬ŵ̫ߴҲƳ衣
ޣʣ
һ⨶̫Դ̿ԲĶ־ӲǿƿԼͻơ
ڵǿ
⨶аٷ֮ٵİգǻ࣬ܽɱ
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һַʩչԴǻˣ
βҰܣ⨶˼ӰַһȣϾܴ죬һ֮С
źͲţӳʵܶࡣ
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⨶ӽʱԼѸ֪ˡ
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ЩӣԷʵˣȥóĿ﹥ܺͥǿĻƣжǿ

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ߣַദ֪Էһ˵ˡ
ֻҪϵǸЦַܡ
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ž
⨶ؽӹһֵٿɫ΢΢һ䣬ַ֪嵱ˡֵΣһӣ̬Ըַ壬޺

Լֵ㣬۷Ʒײɶһһ޺
⨶Ҳ裬ȡ޺ֱӸַ壬Ȼʦóֲۣ̫ߣôҲ鲻
һ࣬Ҳ࣬Ҳǵһκַ彻ˡ
лַӹ޺ֱһƺؿڣǶһػ㡣
ַ˵±ıǶơ
졣⨶۷¶һЦˣԵټ
ȵȡַٿؿڣ⨶һͷ亹ַ壬Σռһսľ˵ʲôʱ򲻸˾Ͱɱˡ
Ǻǣֵܣʲô𣿡⨶ǿЦ۾
ϿдԴַʵ
⨶ֱҡͷûУֵܡ
һæַ֪⨶ûУ⨶˵ҪԴûãȻûУȴõԴ
⨶¶֪ûô˳
ַҪ̫̣⨶ʧһðԴشΣӳȥ
Ҷһ150ŴԴҸ5Դĳ͡ɱ۷ԪַϵҲ20źԴȻ࣬۷ļֵ߶ˡ
1Դ൱100
Դ10һš
150ŴԴһֵ15Դ5Դĳͣպ20Դ
ร⨶һ˵Ǳʻһһؾ׬ûκΣաԴʲôϡֻҪкԴҪپܶһ١
кԴ⨶ǼǵһַҪʱַûС
šַ嵹ҲǸɴֱ࣬ȡ20źԴȡһ⨶ǶҾ㡣
ɽ⨶ӹԴδӦĺˬ졣



2788 ѩ̿
᲻úײǣҪ˰æԵøַۣ֪е5ԴĳѾˣ൱500
ԼһѼ񣬻õĽҲ1000
⨶˵ֻԴһضѣȻܺؽȻܰȻ뿪ٽ롣
ο10һǺĶһۣ̫Դܻܿиʵݵļ۸ֻ̫жһȨȵȡ
Щַ嶼⡣
⨶׬㣬ôϻ
⨶ɵַҲ׿Ǻһ׬һˡ
ˣַ˵ҲĥôȥŪԴɱһԪ𲻽ΣգǷܳɹǸδ֪֮
֮⣬òԴԴвûı
ȫջӰ֣ǳϦ֮¡
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ڤڤעַ⣬⨶⨶Ĵ֪ⲻ׬һʲ׵ĳͣ׬Լһ飬ֶΪ
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һһأƵòʱ䡣
ַǴӴֻؽģֻ֪ؽжӴ󣬴Խķѵʱ̫ҲνʵҲ˷һβ뱦Ļᡣ
ԭԼᱦļʾͲߡ
ʱ䣬ð
ϣʱϴ񡣡ַҲЩģԷǵѰԼ䣬Լ϶㲻
ҺϱĴۣػԴУΪҵԼļߵġ
ʱҪϾһ㡣ַһЦ
һ۷һӰ֣һӦ۷ԪÿһʱϼߣȨ֡
½Щ۷ԪʵԱڣе۷ԪҪࡣ
Щŷĳǿߣ»·ϡ
Ӧñ⨶ҪһЩ
ַ뷨
ûã⨶ٴγַǰʱַһô죿
⨶ٺЦֵַ㲻ҪôҵȻҪһ㡣
˵ţȡһŴָڣǰһУ19źԴɢž貹â֮ڡ
⨶һ죬漴ָ˹ȥ
лַӹָƴĿռ150ŴԴУ̲ųԴַ峤˿
Դ˵ѩ̿
һ֧ľݵľӣõ˳ľԮַǷ£ԴϴҲټɵ
㹻ĵҩ
Դ⣬ռڻһɫľеƳ൱ӣַ΢һؽȡ
һֻҪ̫澳ڣκεطкڣʹá⨶΢ЦܵҵϢѾˣ´Ҫǵңֵܡ
кʹã
ַ첻ѣ̫Դĸ߿ƼǷ㡣
ʹ᲻ᱩ¶λãַʵ
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ԼҲСΪϣ֪Լ֪Ҳͨ͸Լ
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ãҪ㡣ɻ᷽ܶ࣬Լ뿪Ҫʲô⨶ȻķһЩԴЩֻС¡
һȶıԴҪġ
ϾַԼҲ֪á
͵Ÿոտʼѡ

⨶ַٴ̡
֮ǰڣ룬ַ屾⣬Ļַ廹ϣȡһЩֻǼһ
Ͼ͸ĵĺо̫
⨶ôٶأַûʣ˭ûһЩСܣ⨶˵ûҪʣֻҪõԼҪľС
ĲҪ
150ŴԴ׬ʮĺԴʵַ廹ǺŵģԴ־֮ǵĽϣ
ʵӦ⨶һԴ۷
ַ嵱ʱҲûôࡣ
ߣΪԴܹŶʮţȴԴԴ۷ûôҪһѩ̿һֻǽ
־֮ǡҡǵ죬ܺ۷
ϣܺǿ
һԴ۷Ҳֻ
֮£ԴƵ۷ҪһɣַݸһЦԼı̫ˡ
ֻ£ڴտҲ
ǧɢȥ
ڣԴĵشֵĺܡ
˳Դַ֮弲۶УѪڷ
һΣսʹˣ



2789 ҵǸ
ԽԽǿˡ𽥵ؿԴڣǼʵĲл𵴣ͺһͷＴֹԴ֮ҲԽԽǿңĪĶ
ġ
ַȷȷʵʵظоˡ
ڣԾÿһϸ˷ǲΪ˼Ĵս˷ܣһֲ֪ȸԾĵı仯
һΣַԿ϶
ǼĺǰδС
磬硭ַ̽ʹ⨶Լƺڣ̫ԴߣƺҲδ硣
ȻַҲǰٷ֮һȷϾ⨶֪ĿܲǺܶࡣ
Լһ֣ڣͳ־𵴣˵Ҳɺϣɺδ̫ˡ
˶ɺϼһַɺȻУ΢΢ڤڤһţǹԴͷ
Դڣ
ڣĺĵشַ岻ɿЦһ
㱦ԼԼʵ˵ʵûʸȥ
ַţԸԴ治ԿƿؿϵǿӰ֡һ̫ߣֻóһһ
Դܻɱһأأ
սʱԴвԽȼ
ʱڣĺĵش㼯ǿԤƣÿһǶԪǿߡ
ոû⣬ҪȥᱦΪʸ֮ģַûڲ߱ȻеϧܿһʺԼļƷҲֻ
Դı߱ѾصԴģʵҲô󡣡ַ侲ǰУгĴԴѲҪٶزء
һ·ɱܵǿ൱١
֮ǰŹǣΪûСҩַԲ
룬ҪѺԴ׬ر
ʱڻսлɱ12񣬾׬ˡַ嵱ַֺγǣ
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ҲҲ뷨־Ŀܡ
һԥˣɵˣˣηˣôͻôͬ
ԼԴС

ˣԼ̽۷϶Ѱٵһ۷Ԫַԥط𹥻Դ˰֮ǡ䡯һֱӽҵķ顣
Ǹ۷ԪӦ䡣
֪ʲô
ǵһߡԴˣַҲɣ̫ԴȻ18棬Լģ̫ߣǵһڶߡ
ӵߵʹȼˣԼĵϡ٣ʮʮ档
ӣӲַͬҲס
ͬóĸͬһ棬ڶ棬һЩ估̫ԴǰҲЩ覴á
ͲȻˣ棬о޴ȱݣ棬鲻ھ棬ռʱϡ
棬ʱ䡢ռ䡢ȱݣȫûС
־档
־ǿȱݣµԪ𼸺ɱ䲻Դ꣬˵ߵĲҲɾʹ߻Ѻܶࡣ
ҵǸ⡣ַһԪıһЦ
ԼԴǿ־ǿ͵ȫ෴Լ˵˭Ҳ²Լǵߡ
ѲɣҲԵ棿
ַȻһЦ
Լĵ˰

ڣ
ʥ⣬һҲһǿ߳롪
Զ£֮󱻡衯ʥŽַɱ۴شֻʣ¿һ硣
֪ͨԶǰ󣬿ǻصԶߣפؽֻء
ӿֻصǿԽԽ࣬ʥвҪԮϾﲻԭ棬û־ĸ裬ʥʵҲͿͨߣλλλеλߡ
Զ񣬳۴⣬ȫǵ
ֻܴصģһ
ֻأҪż־־ǿ޾ԪĴȻ
ܴ֮ΪǵеħԪ



2790 ܾ
˵ûʥûáΪԶĲ£ǲмʥֻرôǿˡ
һλȪ¼ôҲǼɹһ顣
Σһ
αһСһŪڹ֮УǶ
ԶᲢۡ
һɫۣڣС
Ȼ飬Ц⣬˿˿ƵľͫҰĲ
ַ壬±ܽɱ
ԴҿǰŪֱ
ȻǷ
ʱѾã˿۴ֻΪħԪ𣬲óȺս󣬵ħĳڵп˵Ƕһ޶
ѧطħ裡
ǿɷ
ƾ˵գսǷʶʥԶ֮һǿ
һԪսʤ൱ֱӡ
Դ꣬Դǿǿ
⣡֮һٿȻ̽õһϢǰԶëֱ˷쳣

һ
ڣײϻ࣬˭
ݹͣҿģȻôأ֪ͬܶ£ɱַ壬־ġּ⡯
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ԭ棬־ĽɿһԴǿ
ͣһ󣬿ħ覣ΪħԴ֪꣬ԭǿһԪǡǡǿ
㲻óԴô
Ǿͱȱȣ˭ĸǿ
Ϊ԰
óԼһ࣬ԭûκһ߼
ַڣ
ħ裡Ӧַ˲䣬ֱʩչԴùδأַʵЩɵģԼԸϡ
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ƽ񲻻ðգϾԴһʧܾͻᷴɣʤҲ൱ġ
һεĶ֣һ㡣
ʩչǿ﹥ôһͲˡԴԴո
ɷѧطǿɷԴ˲ѹַ
һ棬ַȷʵǿ
ǿԴԴʯԴʯԴұԴʯƷޡ
һǻһĨЦϵİ鶯һֵ飬Դԣɹʾͳ˳ɡ
ɷֻʩչڶɷռϷ硣
ɲǣɫ䡣
ʲôԴְԴϿգһ޴ĳǳأ֮ǣӴػƬԴиɻ
У
Щ£ȴδţ˲һҧԴɷɾɷ
ɷڶɷ޴󣬿ȫԸ
ѹԲˡ
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ߵʵǺȫģһԪĹֶΣͬԴķԴ־֮޿ɺ
ܾˡ
ַֻһ塣
Ǽ䣬Ȼȫʩѹַء
棬ַ屾ǿһȣ¸ѹơ
ôôǿȻʧɫ֮ΪԴײַԴȴΪǲɽ֮赲
˲䣬޾ԴȻ
ɶ񣡡ֱӻΪƣһ̵ħģʱѽά裬Ҳǹϣɣ̳ˣ
ˡַ־֮ǣֱħġ
¡
ɫҰףԴһƬ
ȥ
ǵ
ڿ־ɲǣ־֮ٴԴַ貣ȫ
䣡䣡䣡
ͬľѧطַǿ
״̬£ܵסַԴϾħıҲǿҲֻѷɫַ塣
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ַĹ£־ħȫҰܣŤӳʣž쳹ڣ
˻ұģɫ󣬷ԽԽֱɫʣȻأ
𣿡
ҵš
ַıоӰ漴ʧ



2791 һש
裬ַɱˣʥһ
յǰѶϢλԴĵʥһڣΪӦλãڣλá
Դĵشһξ롣
ַ壡ʥ˫ȭžžţŭģΪַԴĵҵַ壬뵽ַ巴Уû
бַȴӶ
ʲô˰
ְһˣ
ʥΪѣòۼҪѵôˣڣĿΪַ壬ַ֪ߣѵ֮
ɶ񣡡
˶
ʥûֱ
оԼͺһͷţ㣬ǣűߡ
ȵĲˬ
ʥ𡭡ͻȻʱʥ͵һ侲ϤġֵܡԶ
Զˡʥ
֪ԶһƽûκӦ·ĲµĴֻһͨˡ
ԶȻҽ
ʥʱ¶һ˿ϲ֮ɫã
ѿڶʥϣԶְܲæֻȥԶæٺò
ʥ̫ûˡϤʥһ࣬Ҫȴֲ֪ôߺһٶԡ
ͳ䣬Ҳǵһ챻Զˡ
ߣ۵ԶԱһˣʥҲ
һΣܳɹԶϳ֣ڣɱַ壡
˵ıﶼֵܷһ

ڣеַſıٿǰһַǻһĨЦݣйâһںĹ״
ǿ
֮ǰʩչԴʱַˣǡ
ãַ֮ϲ
֮ǰһս˵ǿʩչԴ˵ַʹʩչڣУַʵѷɫһԪܻ֣ܶɱȴ
Դ꣬ҪԴɱһԪ̫ѡ
ΨһĻᣬһԪԴ귴ˣһ¡
صԴδǰַ岻ô˵ùδأַȷʵأ治ǿҲͨԴԴ
صԴľѣӵԴ־֮ǣͲͬˡ
صԴģǿ
ַ޷ȫЧصԴıƷװǱߣֻҪӵԴܷ100%ķЧ
Ϊ־֮ػַŸðա
ҲַԤϡ
һשˡַԡǿȻķʱ䣬ֻҪɣԼ绢
һԴǿ

ڣĵ
𵴵ĲǾңÿһһΣԽԽƵļԽԽ߶Ȳ
͵ĹȦ˸Ź̲ǿϢ߽롣
µ۷Ԫû߻ô
Ϊ֮ǰôߣȫˡ
һɫȦ˲紥㣬ɲǱϢ𣬵䡣ма۷ԪҪӲһģһ
˺߱㲻ðա
ҪҪ
ã˵ΣգǻҪ
˵Ĳûô˭;ȵһ㡣
һۣ̰ģҲԼＸϱô
Ҳʹմ֣ӰസڣǵķݣûʵǶԶЩɣõҲزס
Ԫǿ˵ġΪԲһ̫ʣǿʵ۷һԪǿߡ
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ӰസʵԲԲӰԶǶһжȲസһ£ҲԲǰӵʵס
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ӰസԲڣйϵǿߣδһܣ˭Ҳ˭ûжսļ¼ʶҲ֪˭ǿ
ʣʸͻñģĪ
ʱһɲСӽڣġʮžСӣɶӳͳ죬¾ŸԱԿͨߣ֧СӵĵɻúĵشӼң˷롣
ǺʥһĿ궼Ǽı
ַ塣



2792 ڵô
䣡Ӱֻһڹ⣬ַС
Ȼδܻɱˣܻ˵ˣѾַ൱ˣǿϵһԪĳսֶΣԴÿһζȥƴ
Ӱֵڶصġ˿ӰѾˡ
ÿһιһϰսʵķַȻƿػӰʱ䲻ȷȻ
ڶص˿ӰҪԴƿ30ʩչ
Ҳʩչʩչ磬ֻǶԱƿصıδ
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ʩչڶء˿ӰĲԴԴԴΪԴʹԴƿ˿Ӱֹƿظɣ˿ӰǿΪں־֮ǡҡ
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ַţδ롣
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ಣ
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ڰУأԽУĸоԽߣƬĵ򣬼Ѿϡ棬һĿͶַ壬ȴЩ;档
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в֮𣬻ң᲻һս
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޾ԴӿʱʥһӦܣ֪ԴĿԣǰ֣ɱȫ񣬿ıԴ
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׳һ
۷Ԫ𷢳Ц
ʥԼʵҲˣʩչսȫˣؼʱʩչ챣ʱ뵽ʱΪʱ
Լ˸ӣԼˡ
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2794 Ҳ̫ǿ˰
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ۣûκα顣
Զ˵ķѾ޴ȥʥΪ塣

ֻأһнע
ߣûʸ񱻸
ʥ̫ûˡ

ڣĵش
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ৣ~
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㵹ùˣࡣӹһЦͷϵɫɢâǾռ䣬ۿռǴﵽԲ
ݣ
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2795 һϷ
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ڣĵ⡣
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ʮŵľСӡ
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һ·ǻɱ۷Ԫʤ
˭ùײϣֱӾѸײڶ֮ٵĨɱ顣
̫Դ棬ռ൱ߵĵλ䲻߸ϣͬǶ֮һη塣
·ߣ
ô䡣
ǵĶӳʾʸΪǾֵģӰസԲˡһλԱ
Ӱüͷ塣
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ɳΪʮŵһͳ죬ʵȶߣȻûӮӰССǱص̫¡
пģˡ
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ͳüϵĶ̽΢¶ɣһּɵɵĲസԲˡ
̫Դ棬˿ѷɫϵһӴ
ǧͣĵشзֻ𼶱óԴ̩ࣿиȵʵ
ǵڣĿġ
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2796 ؽ
ô㣿ַӲԶ߲ɼɴ
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2797 
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ΪԼõĵһǿǴϵģͬʱõһԴ
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ŵȴߵǿϢÿһľŵһ֣ͬ׷ͬһߣ̾Ϊֹ겻ѡ


̫ʮţ
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2798 ̫
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ڽȥģûһܳ
ؽ翪룬ȻͬǾһʳ99%ܱؽδ֮ҫʱá
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2799 
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2801 ߵ
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2802 ؽ罵
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ָоΪһСϪʵȴһ
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ÿ죡ַоԴ䣬˲֮һŵٶûаͣ٣뿪½أػغɷ֮ͫ˲䣬֮
ৣ~
ַӺɷ֮ͫгʱԴų1
ԭȵһ
ʲô
൱ַʩչԴһϣ
4367ַûʱȥźɹʵжӴΪֶʱ̣ܶһ룬ܾܶһ
10000ֻɷַ֮ͫȫʶҪ롮ɷսֱӾܽ룬нʡʱ䡣
ʡʱ䣬ѡ;
ַԺУطֲ81Ӧĺɷ֮ͫһͼ֡һźɹʵλãڵ1244ֻɷ֮ͫУڶźɹʵλǵ4367ֻɷ֮ͫ
ûַѡȻǺɹʵ
ԴǿȻַڲҪ̫ɹʵַҪģǡ
Դɹʵ
ৣַڶƬ½أһɫ԰һƬƬͨ͸ڵϣһſ㴩֮С
ЩڻƶţͺһֻֻССţ
ЩУһźɫޱȽӽĺɹʵַġ
ɹʵ
ַ֡彫ɹʵõС
δͬĺɹʵܻ֮гͻӰ죬ɹʵҪ̫ʱ䣬ַȻС
ߣ
ַ漴ǰֻɷ֮ͫ
ٶȲַժȡɹʵʱû٣ܿһſõ飬ࡣ
Ļַ͸ʶģΡ
е޾飬Ʋۣһ̵·ϣʵΣգÿһš顯СΪأֱײȥڱһ۷Ԫغ
ڽ飬Ǵ߶
ַ۲10000ɷ̬֮ͫĵУƬ½زһҲһ
ȴӵкɹʵһ
ʶַķʱ۲죬׼
ֻɷ֮ͫ
죡ַǸоѹؽ磬ؽ֮⣬һɽӴѹ·ƽ˾еһ룬о޴Х
ַ֪ؽ翪ʲô
ǧƵ۷Ԫ𣬽ӿ
ڣؽ磬ߡ֮磬̲׵ܺͱ߶۲οԪǿߣ
ֻǣ޷롣
ˣ۷Ԫ𽫻ޱȷ
šַ岨õźɹʵ81ȷıУɹʵ23ţؽ磬׵ľǺɹʵ
Դĺɹʵֻţźɹʵġ
ǿȣۼֵźɹʵַֻȡõźɹʵУۻ棬Ʒߵһš
Ϊڣ޵硣
Դ
ֻǶַ˵ĿǰԴ꣬βԴ
ãַ彫ɹʵУٷأϹһĨ΢΢Цݣ֮ǰĴڡǰȡҪĺɹʵ
Ŀ꣬ﵽ



2804 ַ廹û
ৣ~
ַӵֻɷ֮ͫ뿪
ϢַȻĶ˫
˵Ϣ㲻ȥӦܸоؽڴӿҵԪǿߣԷ̬ϯ
һɲǣͻᵽ
9019ֱַȡһֻɷ֮ͫԺģĳȡڶʱԪǿߵȡʱԪǿߵȵȡ
ļ
ַԼѡһźɹʵԴѾûУʣ´ģȻҲбԴ֮ģַ岢δѡ
ѡԴ֮ĺɹʵĿǰսû
ѡĹʵսȷʵУСҲ⣬һֻСδֵıɹʵɸѡ
һַѡ񲢷ɹʵ
ɹʵкܶ࣬˸ղõһţƷʲಢû̫󡣡ղõһźɹʵɹʵȻͬ
棬Ʒߣ
ַõĵһڶԴʵƷ׶ߡ
ͺһɹʵֻǿΨ
ǺԴ
ɹʵַкܶѡأԪǿһԶӿ룬ҲܰȫɹʵȫߣơԴȴֻ
ȻԴĿǰսܡûмֵֻǿܡ
ڻȡ㹻ԼҪĺɹʵַϵѡֵ81ߵ
~
ɫС꣬ƬԵԻãÿһСϣᷢ͡ΪЩǿҸʴԡ
ҪƬ½гۣҪ㹻ǿķ
ַķǿ
˵
ҪƬ½شܾãֻõһԼҪıɡǲϸããУڱϵһɫСɡۣ޾ȴʯɫʴ
ǺԴô
ȻǡַһõɫСɡоĺһƵĺɫСɡУѪҺһ
һĺԴ
ӦǷġַסɫСɡûҲû̫ϲһж֮УȻϻõĵһԴ
Ҳսû
룬౦ֱӿá
ַɫСɡɫС꣬ȫʴƬɫСɡšסá
ಣ
ַ巵غɷ֮ͫɫСɡ
Ʋ¶ףЩ۷Ԫɲǳصģ඼ǾḻϺ꣬ҪǼǶ۹һ۾ܿ
ǿ۷ԪƴԴ
˭Ҫõˡ

ಣಣݣ
ؽ罵٣ͨһԪǿ߻һ⣬ټۡȻһƬȷѪ꣬ʱȴǳĺֻмƿ֮ûκɱѪ
Ϊؽ罵ǰߵĵؽܡ
Բ֪һֹؽģȻܿԣԲֵ˳ˮ飬ġ
ؽУдڡ
˭ؽڴɱ˭˷ʱ
ÿһмˢӣԲ˴
вӰͰˡԲٶȲ죬ǿϱʵ´ڵһݶӡ
ͬǰеģസˣͳĵʮžСӡ
Ԫǿ౾Դ֮ǿҲռߣٶȱ֮സԲȸ죬δǡ
Ϊ̫ˡ
ʵˣȷ躹ޣؽһΣգȳܵҲȻǳǰԪؽ籦ڶ࣬Ҷǵһν룬ôʱʲô
ؽ󣬱ȵĲ˭Ķ죬˭ʵǿ˭ѣ
ڵڶݶӵԪǿУмʵ㲻ѷɫԲΪڶߣʵѷһؽɸˮ
Ц˭˭Ҳ֪
ڣؽ翪ΣܻųİٲһΣ޷Ԥϡ
ַ廹ûԶҲڵڶݶ֮УȻɫƽʥ֮Ҳྯ裬ַʵҪиǿ
Զַ屻ʮ׷ɱ֮էЩ죬ַû֮ܽߴ
־˵ѡ
СӣǳԶĿǰǿɼɷ֮ͫû뵽Եɺ£ڣؽ翪ļ
ԭ棬Զ񿰳޵С
ԶʵͬǶġ
ڶݶӵ躹޵ǿУһ
ţ



2805 
߳
һѼ⵶˺ƿռ䣬ɫĶСӰڣԪǿ֮ɫӰٶȹھ˿Ԫǿߡ
ؽ罵ٵһɲǣӰѳǰٶȣʵ͵
飬֮ĺɷ֮ͫߣڣؽǾ֣Ӱ׼֮һͻȻһֻɷ֮ͫǻȻ仯ǼԾһӰ
ৣӰͫ׼âɱ⾡֡
Ǻԥأкɫ̵ת֣һڵĶ͵شȥ
ĿԽһ˲䣬һɲǣǵӰһԾɷ֮ͫӰĺɫ̵ռ䶼Ǹ飬ʧȥĿꡣ

Ӱ˼תʱѼղǵӰ
䣬ɫ񸲸סСڰеߣһԪǿߵǰӰת۽һֻɷ֮ͫ
Ȼû
Բַͬ壬ֻӰģӰַӺɷ֮ͫԾַȫòﲻѡ
֪ģһ֮ȴδߡ
⣬֮ôΣգΪڣؽ翪ϸϲѯһο޾Ԫ֮ǰο֮һ⣬ȫȥԪǿһΪ֮ɢȥǰ޷ġ
ַ˿̵ĳ֣߸Բ뷨
ַ壬Բкӡ󣬲ΪΨһһ𣬸Ϊڣĵشսǻɱ۷Ԫٱʮ׷ɱ
벻ǵöѡ
ַ֮׷ɱ֮ȻΪֵ߽
Ӵһ¡Բ㣬ɨƵĺɷ֮ͫ˲ʱһݣֻɷ֮ͫ
ಣ
Բ漴ϡ
ȤһСһȵǡЦеؽһֻɷ֮ͫ
Բô뷨ڰ˶ԾԼ·ԼļߴģĽ˵ļֻרע
СӣøɱȰ֡സɫ޴һ£Цÿһÿռɽ޿ɶҡ
ַĳȻֻһ˲䣬ǰһԪǿȴȫˡ
ӳûʮŸӳҮ·ʸϲ
֪ؾƣûκʧϲ⣬ִе̫ԪȻַʬȥҲǿ׽֮
ַû˵ڻһԴ
ղŽһֻɷ֮ͫȻҲڵһݶӣΪǾһжʵԲǿ߰λ
ַ壬δַһֻɷֻ֪֮ͫ·Χ
ֻɷ֮ͫͷжصϣо޽ƾ㣬ھֻɷ֮ͫĿԣġ
ǣӳʮھӢսʿж
һݶӵһǿ߻ַܼ壬ڶݶӵԪֻģһӰһţֻڵڶݶǰԪż
ӦԶִȨȣ޴ʱת
۸ӦƲ⣬ֻһֿܡ

ƺЩַ弲ںɷ֮ͫͨУҲΣһԾɷ֮ͫͱԪǿߡţҲû˭ˡ
дԪȫӿɷ֮ͫʱԼٳ־ͲôעĿˡ
ڡ
޿ء
ղֱ׹ĺɫɱַ¡ҿ϶һɷ֮ͫᱻǰĺɫ̵ɱ
Ӱô

ַһӰײ
֮ǰ˵ӰжȻ鴫
ֹʵ־֮¡ַ־ǴﵽߵĲΣ֮ӣԲǿ߶Ҫ߳һ
ڣؽ磬ֻа֮
Ӱߡ
ʵδ㹻ǰַವĳڳɷ֮ͫһβӰസԲһԵĵһݶǿߡ
һʿӦǺģܺӰǴͬһߣʵȻ
ǣҲˡַûмԶ񣬵സ֮ؼʮžȴǿ
Լ֮ǰǱ׷Ǳúܡ
ⲻһս
ټɵǡ
ؽУַ䲻ռݵƣ˶½أ˶ĺɷ֮ͫҪץԼûôס
Եַǲ塣
10000ɷսʵɲֹһ㣬οԴĺɹʵٳ߸ͷһ
ৣַͫ
ڼõǰһ˲䣬Ŀһ£ƬԴʱ侹ƽ˾ʱ·ͣһ̣յĺɹʵ޷Դ㣬̡
ޣ
Դﵽޱ



2806 Сֵ
ַһֱڼ֡
һδΣգδȥͻԴ־ԴȫԴԴɱĿƣ10000ɷսԴ޴ɱ䡣
ַ壬סˡ
Ǳȥȡһʱʵ
ӳΪԴַֻһĿ꣬ǾǳΪǿߣǿߣ½ɺ̫Դ˶츳˵ߣ뷨Ȼûκθı䡣
־
жǿߣΪС
ǿһ
ƣһΣַٲԥ
ɹʵȻдͻʱȻܻķһЩʱ䣬ؽǧƵԪǿӿ룬Ǵ仯
㹻ǿսԱ
ٶʲôã򲻹˽ȫΪѡ
ַ忴ĺ͸
䣡¡~Դ𣬺죬ԴȻ䣬ַ˫кɹʵĲ䣬ԽʡٴԴԴ
ۣ־ǿ͡
Դ󶯣Դͬʱʩչһʧɱ伫ӿɱٶȡ
Դһı׼
ԴһԪı׼
ַԴ֮ǿΪԴġʡǿľ޴ַԴ൱磬ԶһԪӴĶࡣ
оѧط־Ǿˡ
ɹʵԴﵽɵļޣɱԴԴȳ̬¸Ӱ磬޸ߣ
ɱȱУǾĵĴԴҪӣĲ֮ǰ
ֵá
ɱԴøֲ
Ⱥлţսȳ־ҪҪĶࡣ
Դַڻв١
ʲôط
ؽУȱٺɹʵô
ַ10000ֻɷ֮ͫȻֻȷ81һ½صصַһ඼пܴԴɹʵģֻ֮ǰѡ

ؽôءɫԲַ壬ҲƬ½أַ岻ͬǣǵһνؽ磬оء
ɷ֮ͫĺɷԵסԲ˲ɱ
һжǵŵġԲܣһʱЩ룬ɽǵŵģˮǵŵģٲҲǵġ
оʵ½صţԼˡ
쳣Ź֡
ţʲôԲϾþָ̣̬ܿ˲ϢѸӦַڡַû߶ԶϾշֱںɷ֮ͫУжԶ
Ŀַ壬ͣԭأ·лһ㣬ʱԲ
֡Բ֧̽Ƿӫ⣬עΧ仯ؽ磬ԲΪСģҲ·Сʻ괬
ˡ
þô
־ǿ󡣡
Բַܲ־ΪȻ𼶱ʵͨ־֮ǿȴԲ̾Ϊֹ
ַ϶ܡ
ಣ
ԲѸٸַ壬ٿ֧̽⣬ǶзӦ˳ַ弲۵ķԲͫ͵صɴ
ʲô
ԴԲ˲ϢԴµģۼַժҶ㣬赭дؽǼԴУ˿ԲŷӦ
ʲô
죡һޱȵĺԴ
֪бԲ򶨣ʱҲЩңһӦɱַᱦڶӦȴӲסˡ
ǣսʤ˳嶯
һܻ࣬һɱ֮ǰͳĵʮʮǿߣδܽɱԲûʮա
ڶоܡ
ѰҵԴһӦʲô
ϲ˷ܣ֪룿
ʲôӦС
ղǸ֮࣬Ѹݣ̬֮ƽͺһԼıһûС
ֱҵԴȻ뿪
ôô
ǸԲȷΪַʮŵأҲûϵ
ԲСֵۼַ弲۶Բ΢Цŵ֮Ļ
ڣԪУԲŲ쵼
֪Сֵܡ
Բδ䣬ǰӰʧԲֶ̧ڿУϵЦʯ̡
ߣˣ
ôˣ
һ
Բͻ׽ӣΪ߾ûһ죬ᱻӣһһСһ
쵰Բһɫ䣬һ˲ָֻ˽ӲЦݣ׷ȥ
Сֵܣһȣ



2807 Ħ
ַԲԲʲôĿĶã¶ҪԴɱ䣬ɹʵʣԴԴϵزԴַʵ
ͨԴĳȵùԴĳ
ߣԶ
Դɱ䣬ǣһȫʹԴøǿ﹥ߡ
ǺԴϧˡַڸղŵӰ½ն񣬵ĿӺּ鲻ͬԴԵ覴ãкȻأҪ޸
ˣļֵҲǿࡣ
81ƺԴģ
ǿͶˡ
ԴһãǱֵƱۡ
ĿˡԤи˳ַ֮ǰĴźɹʵԴǼֵߵģʺϵġ
ʣµöǶ١
Բַ岻ں׷Լ
뿪ɷ֮ͫͨԼܵһʱֱӽһֻɷ֮ͫһʱԽԲ˦
ֻɷ֮ͫǸҽ롣ֻɷ֮ͫѡԲƫƫԼײ棬˵ɺҲûš
϶ǼԼԼĸ磬ԲŻβ
ѸղȥҹƺҲϴˡղõԴԲַ㵵ı顣
ЩԼƷΧ
ԲҪȥҲֻ
Լʸ֮ģղżԼӺɷ֮ͫгֵģֹԲһ
ûʵҪ¡
㹻ʵԱʲô¡
ڵַ壬ʥսʱǿ̫ࡣ
ৣ~ַһδӺɷ֮ͫԾۿȥؽһƬ˵߾ۼɷ֮ͫǰšս
ɷս
ÿһ϶һԴ⣬ɷսһһܸšԪǿǰͺ̵ַղŽɷ֮ͫʱ䲢»дԪǿ۽롣
ǵУȸԾ˷ܣҰġ
ʵǼӰԲȳǿߣǵսȴѷɫҲɾһǣҲǿ
ֵַһ˲䣬һ˫ĿѽѸٵ
أ
ʮžСӵĶӳ
ŸԱֻɷ֮ͫԤΧУʮֻɷ֮ͫɹʲߣʶشѡԭء
˵ؽǲٳģΪ½ڱкɷ֮ͫͨ
ΪղżǴӺɷ֮ͫͨأôһηصĿҲܸߡԱɷ֮ͫҲֻǶһֻᣬȴ
ȵˡ
زûг֣ûκϢ¶֮УעĿֱ仯̫󣬾渴ӣԪǿ飬ܿս
ҪˣֻҪŻһֻɷ֮ͫȻӡ
ͫţַӰʧ˲䣬βͬһֻɷ֮ͫǰȻ䣬ɷ֣ؾ޽һӣǼ翪ٵأɷնɱ
ţ
ɷ֮ͫأüͷ΢΢һš
ͻֻǰŽ룬ɱɷֻǶ̶һ˲ѸӦԷϢ
ɱɷҲɱоٶȴͨǰУΪַ֪߲Զ뿪ͨܿҵ
ಣ
ٶȫȻܿɷ֮ͫ½أһƬعŹֵĵնȴڲϱλãɫʽ仯չϡ
һӡɢѰַټ
ȻΧ谭ǿƬһռ䣬ӡɢûκηӦ
ؽôüͷšӡɫȻؽҲһͷȻһ֪΢΢ԥ漴ǰȥ
ţǸһ߲Զ

ϧˡ
ƺû
ַڰ֮Уɫƽ
մӺɷ֮ͫѾΣգ֮ǰ׷ɱʮԪǿ֮һ
̫Сַˣսַ壬ֹǽߣΣյĲӦһһģֱսַ鷳׷׽췽ҹ̷
۶ؽεϤַϵڶ˭ϵһ
10000ֻɷַ֮ͫصģƬ½Ȼûֱ֮⣬ʺϰ׷ɱ
ַ֮ΪĦ֡
ΪƬ½ؾĦһһõĿռ䣬ƶˣǰһռ䣬ǲƶƬռͻĦһת仯ת
ֱصԭȺɷ֮ͫڡ
ţͻȻ䣬ַ΢΢һ



2808 
ǰͻȻֵһֻɷַ֮ͫһ£ǽһƬ½صֻͨɷ֮ͫԼɷ֮ͫٲȻǲͬġ
ǰɫģͫǺڰġ
룬ǲ룿
ַ岢ȷֻͨڰɷ֮ͫȥδ½أĳֻߣһֶĿ飿
ؽκεı仯ǻ
ʵ㣬Ҳѡ
ֻܽڰɷ֮ͫҲܻܿ룬ȥؽ籦أҲײϡַ岢ûʮնԸء
ԼʵԼЩȻףδﵽӰԲȶǿ൱ĵز
ɱԴҲҪʱȹ̡
ַǿѹͷ
ڰɷ֮ͫܣԼٽ벻٣ڽ̫ðգ״ߣߵĺɷ֮ͫ౦ȴԼȥȡ
ȥץһЩ翵ģץֵһ򾡡
Ҳãɢע⡣
֪֪ĵΣڰɷ֮ͫڲͬҶ롣ַ¶һĨЦݣԼ֪ĦֵĵΣĦ֣ͷһΡ
ܿ죬šĦ֡תһȦϤĺɷ֮ͫǰַһԾ룬Ƿء
ʱأַڰɷ֮ͫ
ৣ~
ַճɷ֮ͫ߱Ϥ
Сֵܣɷһ˵ԲУַҲΣһ겻ɢ˦һһ
~
Բֱַӽһֻɷ֮ͫڴΣգҡصַԲÿһζֻתʱͣһ¡
֮ǰܻᱻע⵽ڴ˶ԪǿߣһֱţȻѷַ塣
쵰Բۼַֽɷ֮ͫҲû취ٴβַ롣
ظҲַ֪һЩΪԲۼַȡúԴԴƲࡣ
֮ǰԲ⣬Ϊַ֪廹ٳ֡
Ȼַ壬Բۼַնһ۾ȫ϶Ȼ֪ڣ
βǺԴһԴǿ
ǻһĨȣԲѸȥ˫֣΢Цվںɷ֮ͫǰ֧̽ɢŵӫ⡣
~
ַԲǰĿӡ
Բȷʵܴ

֮

Сֵ˵
һ֣ڶΣգǷ֣ܳȱܲԲַҲֱ˵
Բ΢΢üһ߷֣ߣڶʮҪɱ㣬Ҳ֡
û취ַת뿪
ȵȣۼַһԲֱӾߣԲɫȻ仯˱嶯ǺǣеСֵܡ
½زֹһڣгͨ½ء
Բַ֪ƻȫ͸ҲֻƲ⣬һɣַɷ֮ͫ뿪Ӵˮһա
ûַԲס
⡭Բԥˡ
ַԲ֪ıص49˷ʱ䣬ʧԼ
49Բɫһ䣬˲ϲ⡣ΪΪʳ˶ıΪ˵غ͵ʮţԲҲֵˡ
ؽмΪսٰԵҲܲЩ˽Թ
Ҫô
졣
һѶϢַԲˣ49Ȼ鱨ģˣҲΪˡ
ַԼĿǣ˶ڵԼ˵ڱס
ȻϣԲδػȫأ϶Լ׷ɱΪԼҲҲ
忪ȫԼС
֪ıֵַ䲻ģܹ⣬ָԲȥһЩֵеȣֲıɡ
81ַԼòȫһ붼ò
ʱȥԽãĺɷ֮ͫԽ࣬ԼֵЩʵܺңɷ֮ͫ͸ݿԿģһҾֵܷġ
Բֹϴõ50%ʵԼһжնĻҪࡣ
֡
֡
ȻԲַһӣԼҲǷһ飬ûˡͬˣҲиǣơ
һԲ⣬Ҳɵ
ߡ֣ַָԲȺ룬ԼҲǽһֻɷ֮ͫЧ൱֮ߡ
ʱһźɹʵȫա
ڶšַڶŵõԴɹʵ



2809 
ͬԴɹʵȴȫͬࡣ
һźɹʵ;ԴԴڶźɹʵ;ǾǿԴꡣ
Ȼַ˵ĿǰԴƣʵ󡣲ɹʵעԼѡġ
ǿԴ꣬ͬԴơ
ʵԴĺɹʵҲѵáַһЦʲôĺɹʵֻҪԴĶС
ԴҪﵽ£涼Ҫ
ǰһ޴ĺ컨ʢһһ㣬ڻһϸ΢ĺ㣬һźɹʵ
ַӰһڻ￪ŵһɲǽȡߡ
Դĺɹʵ
ؽУĺɹʵģβԴԴģ޺ɹʵַܶ࣬岻żȡԴıԴġ
ԼߵԴ֮·Դ֮ǳ¡
ৣৣৣ
ַȡɹʵؽڣɲԲҲǳ֣ȻǶҪܺɷ룬ǵʵɱַٶʵ˶١
֣Ҳõˡ
Բӵв˷ܡ
ַʵЩŰɣȫ϶ҲַǷǺһκ߱޻ɡ
Ǹõһǿ
̫Դ۷ԪҪǿҲףսؽ磬׾پȡñбĵô
֣Ƕ
ַѸ١ָ·ԲҲ˲䶯˴˶Ĭ½Ƿбһȶľۺʱ䣬ҡ
ݣ
ַԼҲ롣
ָԲӵģȫǻϣַԼɹʵȻǺǿܵõʲôʵַС
ַ岻ںߵõһЩǿõҲûá
ַ֣屾Կ
һΣΣΡ
ַ壬Բ൱ĬؽҲգ۵£ʼջ˵ע⣬Բ̫
ַֻһÿγ˲ţ˭Ҳ⣬һֱţԲӣĿ̫
ûпԲӣǻࡣ
Ҳע⵽ôǺڵЩʲô
Ҳǣܡ
ǻ࣡
ؽһԪǿ඼Ϻ꣬κϸڶǡԲӣԪǿ߻ҸַֻһԪǿԲں
˦һΣַ岻һֱ˦
Ǹ֪λã
죬ؽڣҺǻɱñ԰֣

ҶΪһ˶ر˭۲
öӵʱԪǿ߲衣
̫߳ıȴǲ˼˼ǣһɱ˾ɱˣڴٶҾͻңҸã
ৣ~
ַһ֣Ĺ
Ԫǿͬʱ䷢ѣսᣬ˲ıؽڴһɫ䡣
ΨַƽҲ
ǰһɫںȻ֣˸ˮַйȫֵԪǿߵɴ۾ͻȻǿӿֱ֣ΰأѪ
~~
Բַǰ֧̽˸һ˫ͫСһɡ


Ԫǿɫѿ
ɫڳʱʵѾ֪ΪԲеķֶΡԲԲҪǸࡣ
ղԲҪɱ֣û
λĳСֵܡԲλٶ֣һΣĳ顣
ǣ
Ԫǿɫס
Բô˵ˣǻ˵ʲôŭԲǾͳԲ궵ߣӰ˵ӮԲ
ȻЦŴһԳ
Բֵ֣Ŀ֡
鷳ˡԲ̾
ַͷ
ȻԪǿߴɱʧܣع⣬ȥڴô˫۾ţҶɵ
һʮʮ٣ܿ˾֪
ߣʣȡַ嵱ϣ漴ʣδȡıڣֱֳͬƬһֻֻɷ֮ͫλø֪Բӡ
ַȡ߳ųɼֵ
ʣЩǽν̰ģԲõһҲԼġ
㲻˵ֻ49ôԲ㶵Ӹղſʼڣ߼ȡ40ַղָĺɷ֮ͫнһ֮࣡
ôˡַ΢Ц뿪



2810 ؽ磬ڶ
ڣ
֪λãкܶ౦
ȥؽڶ
һʯǧˡ
ֽסַϢܿ㴫ַԲ֮ͬҲ˾֪
Ԫǿ߲ɵҵԲӡ
һʲôʮϰٸԪǿһ֣סַ壬ʱԲӸҲҲ֡
ͬˣϣĺܡ
ʲôؽڣյϢһȻӺڰɷ֮ͫؽµһ㣬ĴѰַ壬ʼδϢ뵽ַ徹ؽˣ
ɱ˸ǹ
ɶȫˣˣҧҧ޲ѡ
ľ飬᲻ַʲô˸Ȧƽؽڶ㣬Լȴصڴ
ˣ
Һܿ͵
ӰܣѸ뿪ؽڶ㡣
кͱȻ󣬵̫ԪҪġ
ַ壬ؽڣͬؽڶ̽ѰԶõϢ󷴵ƽ΢΢ףջ˲ٱ
Сһȷʵ
ʥҲԩ
Ȼ̧ʱֹתԶѧʩչǰʱ·ͣ٣һͷײеİɫʱǱ͸ŤһʧӰ
赭дһλɱ
ʵԶ䲻ϣ񣬵ǶģڵַҪǿöࡣ
Ŀģؽϲ㣬ڡ
ܻ档
Զ񲢲Żȥȥַ壬è׽ϷԶ棬ֻС󡯷ǳƻ
Ҫ׽èȫˡ
ʱؽδ޷룬ڵжơҴˡԶǵһַΪ
ЩͨԶҲϡ
ڵĵλʥܱȵģƹֻأʵȻѷɫϣ񣬵۵λ㲻
֮ĴбԶִȨȣĿ䡣

ַ壬ٻءĦ֡ɷ֮ͫ
Ψһһֻڰɷ֮ͫĵطֱַ壬ڰɷ֮ͫ⡣
þա
Ȼ81߼ֵַѾõ֣̫⣬ԲΥԼδֳַҲν
ԼõģѾõ
Ȼַ忴ԲӣȥΥԼ
ǵݵλҪ
źɹʵþˡַһڶźɹʵԴǿ֮࣬Ȼַֻǻ𣬵Դ껹ԴԶ۷Ԫ
ΪԴ
һ𣬾лԵʵҲޡ
ԴûУ׼ȷ˵ʮֵĸߣ㹻ַо޴ռ䡣
źɹʵַõģǿһš
޹ʵ
ؽ磬ĺɹʵ޹ʵ
Դ
Դ꣬ԴʵѿԽǸޣԴԣΪԴʮӴַõģΨһһﵽɡĺɹʵ
~~~
ַоԼԴռͺȫƵģһĺڰԴĴ棬뱻
Źʵַ嶼֪ԼڵԴ֮
磬ȻȡԶڰٷ֮һ
̫ˡַпԼδԴ´㹻ġҩ֮ٿʩչ־֮°빦޴
ؽÿһַ̣嶼оԼʵ

ˡĦֲϱ仯ǰԽԽϤַǽԶĺڰɷ֮ͫܡ
ৣ
Ӻڰɷ֮ͫ
Ȼ䣬ַ֮һϤоٴϮ֮ǰս10000εĺɷζǿĺӰ־ɷʵǿ
һγֵģǰӰɫӺɫĺڰɷʵɷҪǿࡣ
ַ壬°ɡ
ϮַٿصĻӰ½ȱȻҪٱԴٿأԴǿԴɱ䣬ҪԴƿȫ֡
飬֮ĻӰϮڰɷֱ˺Ƭ
ɱ
ңǿˡַлӰ֡
ƽΪԤ֮УڵԼĺǿ
ɷ֮ͫؽں͵һԿףôڰɷ֮ͫ
ӦþǵڶԿס
ַ̤ڰɷ֮ͫ۳ͨĸоһϮͷ֮ǰ࣬ǿ࣬˲ʱַ۳ڰɷ֮ͫͨǰȻһ¡
µأ
ؽ磬ڶ㡣



2811 ҲŹ
ؽڶ㡣ͬ½أһҰƬ½ȥһƬ޾գٿ桯
ַ֮ǰڵһɷ֮ͫʱҲһƬ½ʲô
֪
ڰɷ֮ͫӦò١ַҲؽĹ죬Ӻɷ֮ͫ룬ٴӸ½Ѱٺڰɷ֮ͫڶ㡣
Լܿͷˡ
ֺڰɷ֮ͫӦòѣѵģǻܺڰɷ
ҵ־ǿߣԺڰɷʵѹƣ޷ӣµĺڰɷʵֲܿ
һؿֹųɵߡ
ڶ㣬ַҲϸǹ
Σգ
ڵһ㶺Σա
ȻԲӽˣԼ䵥ʵܶ࣬һ˶ߣܻһЩҰĲķԼ
ɱһԼɱʮٸô
ַ
ʵ㡣
ǿԴ½ԴȷܲԴЧ֮ǰͨԴһԶľᲽά衣
﹥ַȻҲֻǴﵽ۷Ԫı׼ѡ
۷ԪÿһС
Ҫ콫ص졣֮ǰִսһаٶ׾٣ÿһҪܼ㣬һЪһַҲΡ
£ȷʵûжʱȥԴ֮壬
һûлͷ·ĶϣΨǲǰС
󣬻һβ͸šĦֺɷ֮ͫʱַ֪β棬˦ڰɷ֮ͫǼȫ赲ֻʣΨһһ

ÿµĻսʿһս׵̫ߡأǡսϺȻӡŵģǵʮŵı־ͳĵʮžӢ
ʵأڶݶӣ䲻أ֮ɣͽ֮ѷɫսλߡ
ǵʮŵľӢȵľӢ֮
ˣʵǿĺڰɷأҲ˲ˣܺشΪʵλеһݶӣڶݶӵ̫ߣʵҪѷɫһ
أǲߣ־رͻܻɱڰɷȫӲ
ӳѸĿؽڶ㡣أѸٷѶϢλãһؽжʹá
ৣ~
أ󴦹âѸѲΧ
ΪʮžӢ䱸̫ߺõö࣬ٿȻ鷢һ⣬أɫ䣬Ǽ䡪
䣡
Ӧ
ѸٵһΡľ޴ǳغ˹淭ֱӱײһ
ԴأŤǿ
ֵԴĿӿÿһζۻһǰ絽ϢݿĹƷ·һС
̫ǿˣ
ôôǿ
أţַ֮ǰ֡
ͬһַ֮಻ǡһһַ·˸Ƶģʵֹһ
дͬ
䣡¡~~
أǽ߾ȫصֵɿĳܿ㱻ȫ壬Դ걻ɣȻ̮

أǵɴ۾Ұ䡣
״̬һս֮Ǳڰɷľ˲ᣬֱԴѩϼ˪
ˡ
Ľ
ʮžӢַأǰԲ֪׷ɱԼ̫
ԼɱġǿԣڵʮŵģҲΪ档
ַ岻ڣԵʱ˵Լûʱ⵹תһΣԼǻôΪһߣʲôʲôûҪ¶
Ҫ𣬾
Լڵ־ںɺ֮ں̫Դľӡ
ﵹǲ١ַ彫أǵıȻûԼҪģܵ˵ֵƣǿǼƷ
һ
ַǻʹá
Ȼ޷ʹأǵһշѶϢ
һĵʮžӢܿ׷ַ嵭ȻһЦֱӻȥأǵһȥ

أǣ
أǣյػ
̡
ӳɫѿ
һͽؽڶ㣬ַ֪Ϣæ˳ȥջϼԱյأǵѶϢֱ¶
ַ壬ؽڶ㣡
أǻûϢôӳӳҮ·ʸü
һѾ粻ˡؽҧأ֪ʲô
أǣ⡣
⡪ӳҮ·ʸɫٱ䡣
ҲŹĵͫɱȻ



2812 磬кô
ؽڶ㣬ַˮ
ǿ޺ɹʵ̲صȵһ͵ڶźɹʵҪ࣬Ʒĺɹʵ
ȫأԴ硣
ܽһʵʥǿ̫ɱַ忿ıǱȹȥǿԴ־֮ܺ
һһһǲġַ鲻
Ȼɹɱ֣ڸɱԴһ룬ɱ䣬ԴȹȥҪСһ֣Դ
һһֱס
ԴָҲ
ﻨ㣬Ƭ½صǺƽַٶȷŻôɷַ֪֮ͫÿһ½ʵС⡯
ﻨ㣬ɫ԰ôã
ԽƽԽΣա
оǿ٣ԽԽӽڣˡַҿ϶Բյ㣬յԼԽԽ
Ȼ䣬ַ֮һ
һᵭů紵紺棬Ȼؾޱ䣬ԭĻʱǴɺڣضѪֱַ塣
ԶһɫĲȫ˹аıħ֦ɲ߷裬ַ塣
յİɫճཬַס
·һɫС¶һֻֻС˺ҧַ壬䡣
Ļ԰ʱ˶ħ

ġ
˿Ӱַ׼ŲæӰֻ޾˿๥أƬռصܲ͸磬Ƭõ磬ַ֮
һУ֮䡣
ǹֻƬһãӰľ
ȻҲԹƹԱƱķѵʹˣ½ȫǵ˵ʱǷǳֲġ
ء
ַԴƿ൱ǿ
ߣۺʱܶҡľַӴȻãԲԻӰЩݴȻȻ
ǵĹǵأûǣʵ
ģ
~~һ紵ԭ׼Ļľʱָƽԭյĺڰɢȥӭﻨ㡣
֮һȻõķչ
޵磬֮Ϊϡ
Ȥ
ַӰͣ
ȻܻбΣյģղŵʮŵľӢսʿĻضѷλãʱʮӢսʿ½
룬ѽ
ַ͵ʮûʲôޣֻҪɱԼܲɵɱ
ݣݣ
ַٶȼ졣
֮ǰŻٶȣΪ֪ʲôΣգڼΪֻ֪ܿΣգǵŹֵķһЩľͻ쳣а߱ɱ
~һůܿٴδʱַǼϤͫ
~~
ǰֺڰɷǿɱֱϮ
ĺáַ忪һЦӰֱӭȥ־ûκζҡߵ־ڰɷȫѹƣַܿڰɷ֮ͫͨ

µ½أ
ÿһġ
ÿһܴΣա
ÿһб
ÿһ½أһֻɷ֮ͫһֻڰɷַ֮ͫ巢ֵڶ½ص⣬͵һ½Ȼͬ
ͨɷܻ֮ͫصؽһ㡣
ͨڰɷ֮ͫؽڶ½ش͡
ƹҲԶ׼
һɷֻ֮ͫ½кڰɷ֮ͫжٿźڰɷ֮ͫζؽڶж½ء
Լ½رǰٷ֮һ
ӦǵһؽڶġַȻڵһػؽôΣֻǳֹδ½ء
ÿһζǽڸȡ˱뿪ķѵʱ䲢ࡣ
81ԼƵıȫ̽ȫǺķѵʱͶˡ
ڿš
½ز࣬ޣȵȵáƲؽΣַлȻʣڶ۸涼ʤһ㡣
ȻҲǡ
һõıǺԴŵڶı
ǺԴＶ
һ81ֻǺԴＶġһԼŵõĺɹʵУһǰɫСɡ
ϣٵõһ
磬кô
ַؽһѳζ
ȻѰұ￿Ƕؽһڿ˼ؾߣûмؽڶ㣬Ϊҵڰɷ֮ͫ㲻ס
ڵһʱԼҲ֪кڰɷ֮ͫ
ЩԪǿߣʮ֮˾Ҳֻ֪ܷ֡
õһݶЩԪǿδն񼸼ַӿٶȡ



2813 
ַµûһݶӵǿߣӰസ˵ȴʱؽһ㣬Բ͸˵ˣַġָʾˮ
Ǻַ岻ַͬǽ½ֱñߡ
ԪǿߣӰസȣҪѰƬ½Ѱٱһķѵʱͳˡ
ؽڶ½أҽ88
ڰɷֻ֮ͫ32ţΪ56ڶ½޷ӵһֱӽ롣
Ҫڳ30000ֻɷͫУѰֻ32źڰɷ֮ͫȻǺѣҪķʱ䡣
Ӱസǿߵʵڰɷ֮ͫ׾٣ǲδڰɷ֮ͫҲ֪кڰɷ֮ͫĴڡ
ؽ磬һοѾǧپʮԪǰ
֪ؽһЩܵģڣԪֻ̫Դޣһǰˣֻ˺ܻ֪ڰɷ֮ͫĴڣѰ200½ȴһ
һҲ̫Դ棬ڵ
Զ
ԶؽڶģǵһΪֹ̽Ѱ½أջһؽ翪ջַ塣
ڶؽڶģ׷ַ壬ײأȴ⣬пջʱַ˵һ㡣
ؽڶģǵһԪĺҴġ
ʵֺڰɷ֮ͫԪ𲢲٣ڰɷʵبǰܴ޼һȻ谭һ޴ֽ롣
ţ
½ûкɷ֮ͫ
ַ֮ǰؽڶ㣬½أȫкɷ֮ͫζֱͨؽһ㣬һƬ½ȫȴûУֻкڰɷ֮ͫ
ԣ½ô
˵֮ǰ½ֻһͶӣڶ½ء
һֿܣбĿӦûߺܶࡣ
Ȼؽڶ㣬½ضδҵַ岢δ٣ⶫעԵмȻõûʵҲûʲô
ڵַ˵Ҳˡ
ÿһ½ض⣬Ϊֽ֮ģһ硪
磡
ÿһޱȾ޴
ʯˣҾˣͨޣӴ죬һ޴ӡޱȣƬ˵ַԵʮС
µģЩ˵ǿǵ󣬷˿
ַսһʯˣӰֽ߾ȫ޷ƿҾ˵жȽϳٶۣ޷ɱƾ賬ǿĸӦַҲܰȻܿ
ַ崩ھУʼδشڣġ൱֮࣬ȻֻǳǣҲѾ롣
б᲻ᱻЩȡˣ
˳˼ַβˣƬбڼۣܿ֡
˹һʥء
Ȼʥܣ˰أָľ㣬ʵ亩񵫸һ൱ɿĸо
һбַҿ϶
ܵİأû˭ţ
˵ʵַ̹£ӰֵѾˣﲻ߲Σ۷ԪҲٮٮߡ
ǵķƲ
Ҫô룿
УΨȡ
ַ˸ַ߳ÿһ˶޶ԣ·𶨸һ˲䣬˿ܸоǿϢΪʯ
бĺôǾִǿ
ÿˣְ֪Ϊػڡ
ð찡ַҲΣǿУȡҲУ޷ƱڵĴܣƫƫ޼ƿʩԴͬУ˸һס
ԲܵеùһˣʮƣҲֵúá
ԲѾؽǿս֮һ
Ҳ޷ʥأô֮磬Ѷδ̫ߡ
ǵڶ½Ѷȣ
ܡ
ˣؽһͲֺԴˡ
ַϸ֮ؽԭڣ޷Ϊ˴УؽĿܿΪӦеĿܣǿ
ˣ֮ģӦޡ
Ҳ˵ˮ֮ǰɷڰɷɿһߡ
ޡ
Ī޵ǣ
־֮ǡҡԴûЧ
ַ֮һ
ԣǲԴԴ־֮ǡҡûЧ
޹ַૡ
Լû޹һԡ
ʱ䣬ַӰʥϿգһɲǼ类βƵģĿ⾯裬Ӷž޴ַ塣



2814 ʥ
ʮ١ַʩչǻ۷
ǿĿǰֻջӰַ֣屾ҲǺܾͨ۷վͨҪһЩַѴɡ
۷ҪĹǻںе־֮ǡ
ѹơ
־֮ǡҡͬΪصԴĵЧȻͬһԴͿ﹥һϻҲԴ
ãóġ
־Ϊ߾;úʵһԪʩչʩչȫͬģһԪĻעءߵĻעصǡ㡯
ֱ
ʮΪ۷ΪһԪʩչʩչܷӳ߽óãǾˡ
̣̣
漫Ϊ׳ۡ
ʮصľ˽ǹ£һɲǱл޴类ԭأ޷͵飬Ч
ô򵥣
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ΪҪķ൱ʱ䣬Ҳһɹ½һʩչɹϧǾлַҲûȡ
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ɱҲá
ಣַ峤ֱ룬ûо˵İأʥ֮ͬ谭֪ʲôʱѣַץʱ䣬Ѱʥء
ַоЩеĻһʱ̿϶Ѳġ
ǿĶ֣Ҳ㡣
ߡһַۣؽ˽͸һ֣ʥغ󣬺ܿһΰ׳۵Ĺʥ֮Īǿ
ৣ
ַӰ̧֣ͷȥ
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֮ôЩĤݵģ˭
Ψдǵ֮
ȸԾĺַǿ϶ŷ֡
йʵַһڴ˴ľ㲻ӦҲ֪Ǻɹʵ֮ԵĹһмʮ֮ࡣ
ߵģܵλá
ģҲܵĴλá
Ĳ̫ࡣ
ʮĹϾûйʵϣɫʵÿһŶ൱޴һ֪Ǿ确
һѹ䣬һŰ죬һŻɬ
ַǲ˲ѽŹʵϯУܵЩʵ죬ûʱ䡣
СҲ⣬˵
ԴԴʵַԥ漴ɬһȻɬͷȰٸַ
ʳ֪Ҫ̵ʲôʱˡ
ȻַԴʵһۻתȫԴ֮˲䱻ǿûһǿԴ֮ļޡ
̫죡
ʱɬԴʵĽķ֮һ
ϳַѾǿԴԴַ㹻Ļɱ䣬Դ֮Ǽɱ䣬͸Բ㣬
ɱ䣬ȴǿп
ָоȫųűƵģʧȥƿء
ַ˵Ǽѵġ
涼Գܣˣǿɱ仹ɱ䣬ʵûֻҪɱ䣬ӡ
2/43/4
ɬԴʵϱģַԴ֮ɱ䡣
ǿӿԴ淭츲صı仯ַǻΣ𲻹һֻ֮Ҫ򵥵ؽѴڵķ򣬱ܽ
뱸
ҵ棬ɿ̫Դ۷Ԫ𡣡ÿһսַⷽ涼ԿԴ֮ɱ䣬ǿһ㣬Ѳ
Ǻ͵۷Ԫȣַǿģ˵޼
Դ
ַܿһɬԴʵȻԴ֮ɱ䣬Դɱһֻɱδأһ˹ɣˮֻһ㡣
Դû취Դ֮ԡ
Դʵַһţֻٵһš
ڶԴʵǰġ
̲صԴȵһɬԴʵҪʮӿ룬ַձûתԴ֮ʵգǿ
ǿǿǿ
ַؽڶ㣬ơ



2815 
ǿǿǿ
ڶŰԴʵַԴ֮ľδޣǳ󲿷ֵ۷Ԫһʡַ岻֪ԪĿޡ
һȫԴʵ
գ˿ˣҵԴ֮Ҳ챥͡һַ㹻⣬ڲٶʱ򣬾ʥطδ̽Ѱ
ͬһֻڶʩչࡣ
ǵӻʱȻԾ˵ʣڶӦҲܳɹûҪ˼ȵԴʵ
ַ֮ĿͶ֮ĵ񣬷·ܸʲôֲȷ
Ƴһַۣ漴ǰʥ
ʥأǺܴ󣬺ܿ̽ȫ
֮һʥ֮⣬صıһƬᾧ״ɫַҿ϶ʮ֮˾ž;ġԴȪ
ǲ
һɾôַеɻ󣬾ٲȻǺģǲȴӴҪǵ岢δΪӴ
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ûķ
ԡûҵҲԱַ岢ΪǼʮǱһƬ֮µġ
ûЧ
⣬ַУʱ羫ӿԤȻͬǣܾԼʮϡ
ϵĲ塣
Դ
ַܿ췢֡
Լ֮ǰжǴģԴԴӿ͸ԴγɹȻΪεεľ״ʣѪԼԴ֮ǿ
ͣ٣ټǿ
ԭˡգַܿ׾ġܡڣҪطΪá
ûطݣҲգգԽԽһ㡣
ȻǿƶٶȣٶȵȸȴΪı󣬵»
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䲻Լһεõطȴǿһط
ط
֮ǰڣɱߣǵĴָлȡطʶַ֪һ
ߣ۱Դ֮ǿߡ
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ҪǿͱáԴ
ʶطĹؼáԴĸӳǿ
һֱʹصԴģ־֮ǣַʵԴȱɳ£ԴԴв࣬ҪԸ
һ֧ӵľʦʩչıԼƲȥƵУɳɱʵЩΪѡ
աַؽȫߣбȡΪ֮µЩǵȴԵȡ߽ˮԸӦˮ̲صط
ҪطǳϦ֮¡
Ҿʱѣַ岻යطˮϴһգȥ
~
һھַȥѣһЩͷƺЩԣִ޴Ȼػʥ֮⡣
ǵְ
˷䲻ףǽֻгȵʶӵ˼
ַ뿪󲻾á
ৣৣৣ
ʮžӢһǿҲƬ硣ǶǴĦֺɷ֮ͫģؽڶλҲַͬ
ַؽڶ½ء
ӳһб
ϻ˭֪ЩԴƬأԱ˳ô
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˫ͫ޽׷ĿȻҪҲҪʱ޷Ͻɱҵʧְ֮
Щǿס
ӲƴǣҺҮ·ֱӴȥᱦ

һܴƣࡣ
ǣӳھӢսʿһ£ʱɱһھˣʥصľ˼ߣһ֮ǰججо˴һƹûط
䣡䣡䣡
񱩵Űۿɼʹع¿ˮ͸ӳҮ·ʸһҶʱǱ룬Ժһ󾢷ӹֱëȻǼһͷѼ
ȥѪǿƣǱؽʥ֮С



2816 ɶûɰ

ַһ·ģ̽Ѱؽڶ½أδȥܿһǿߡЩˣԽԽ㲻ɴһЩ
ˣʹһ
򲻹¡
ؽڶôе·ߡ
ӵһ㣬кɷ֮ͫ½أûбַܿ췢йɣ̽½أؽһ㣬ʲôûС
һб̽ѰĺۼҲҵƱ֮ƺ˽ȵǡ
һַõ˱
䲻ʥеõô񣬵ҲһʵĺԴ
Ѿкöڿˡַ֪Խ󣬽ؽڶԽ࣬ñļʾԽСڻ50%֮20%10%ûС
ȷʵؽ̽Ȼ졣
ԽԽߣֺڰɷ֮ͫĴڣؽڶ㡣аһֱѰңѵİˣӰ½ڶԪ
ԵĹԲҲ֪ܣʱһͷߵѰҺڰɷ֮ͫ
Ȼһõ౦϶ȲȽؽڶ㿪ģԲҲֹ֪һ֪ؽΣ֪ܵ޼
Сһﲻ֪ܡԲ˼֪ΪôͻȻ뿪ΪҪܿΣգ
ʱַͻȻ뿪ԲδɣȴеЩԾ
ɹ黳ɣԲҲû֤ݣַǾ鶼Զô붼û֪ؽܡ
ߣͬˣֻǺϵ
ԲԼ֪ܣҲַӡ
˵ףֻϡ
￴Ҳûַ֮ѧˣкɷ֮ͫ½ֱӱԹ̽Ѱнʡʱ䡣
ЩѶ̫ߵıֻҪıַҲֱ
ģҪץʱ䡣
ʺıҪ
ಣַѸѰڰɷ֮ͫ뿪ӵ½أԲ½غܴ󣬲ַ̽ô࣬һЩɡ
ɷ֮ͫߣڰɷ֮ͫһߡ
ЩϸСĹʡʱͬʱ˱üʡ
ʥؽ֪࣬µջʵַ塣ַõڶ౦õط൱ġ
ȡѶȣҲ൱Ĵ
ؼʮһھӢҳˣˣԼˣǵ׷ߣտҲʱ򡭡
˲䣬ȫˡ
Ҳ°
ɶûɰզˡ
ŭľһٱҲ̶áؼʮһھӢǱ⵽شҪ֪ԶʵĻһѾڣǿһ
ֳ֮ӣشһӣӳҮ·ʸһӣŵ´һӣȫ׷ַ٣ÿһӸһ˳Ա
СӸﾫһܵӰ١ŵͷ¹ǣֿ޷޲ƽǵʮһھӢһСӶץ
һԱĿɱ
ܴ裡
󣬿һ㡣ŵ²ͷشߵ
ΪϿӿݣعģޱȳªһҪܲô֮ǰҳˣʵ൱ء
ˡһλԱ¬ءſͷϵĹȦһģҲǰݾ͡
ߣ
ŵһȣڰɷ֮ͫ
ǰֺڰɷۻƥŵ±һȫëը壬ɫͫԴһͷԶޣڰɷɱһ
ܿ죬㽫˺Ƭ
~~
ŵ½ڰɷ֮ͫͨȿ·
ǰӰŵ²Ÿճ֣˫½زɲǣԴһ䣬޾ԴȻһ޴֮

վһսŵ¶ʱҵΰء
һ˲䣬Դɱʱŵ·Ӧɫ䣬ڵĺֵ
ʵַһɱأǿ١
أǵסַԴŵͬסܱĸ졣
Ϊڵַȵʱǿ
¬Ŀŵ±ɱ޴չڶĳʱҰףͷֻʣһĹȦܿ鿪˫Ŀʧ

ֱ׹档
ŵһ¬ҲӲַԴ
һһַǵһݶӵǿߡ
ӳĿ꣡
¬ȫɱˣ
ص壬Ų·ӴܣѾţ֮ŸջܺڰɷͨڣΪôһģԲżͬ䡣
Ϊͬ鱨
ʲôЦ
׾ɱ¬ģǻǻô
ǹ



2817 Ǻ˰
ʵӡ
Ȼ˲ᣬʵȻܷңַµʵȴʮһɱʮžӢɱʵľˡ
ɱԴԴľ
ַҲʩչԴû취ײܱܲܶսֻˣдϢء
żڰɷַ֮ͫԴָԴ
δɱǰһŴԴַԴΣһᡮ˷ѡһŴԴԲԽԴ䡣
ȻַԴֻǸɱ䣬ԭԴ󣬹ʶɱԴҲѰ۷ԪӴࡣ
Ծ۷ԪԣǵԴѾŵޡ
ַ˵ڵԴǡѿ״̬һòֻС磬о޴ɳռ䡣
ǿĵˣԴܻ᲻㡣ͨսַҲǷԼĲ㣬Դȷɱ䣬ͬʱ־ս½øࡣ
ղ֣ʵôǿȻľԴ
ʱҲûа취ԴŷǳϦ֮£ַҲԴָ룬ַصڰɷ֮ͫǰС

ˣ
¬Ҳˣ
ȫһɱ
ֹ𾪣ʮŵľӢǿҲǾѣ֮ǰأǵ˵һŵº¬ػ
ңǰ
ôһྐྵ⸱ӣ֮Ү·ʸʮӢǿ࣬ŵ£¬һ³
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ʱطȻࡣ
ֻͨͨһ̫࣬Ԫ
Ү·Сһ㡣ض
סӳҮ·ʸӦ
ȻĿʵԤиǿءҮ·ʸǵʮǿ߶ִǵְΪϧ
࣬ץˣ

ַԲʮô룬ץ˭һɺҲãԭҲãʵֻһ
ʤΪ
ʵһС
ţַڿУ˼ؽڶһ󣬽½ؽʮÿһ½ػжֻڰɷ֮ͫкɷ֮ͫ
ֻһֻڰɷ֮ͫ½أǵһμ
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һ·ַҲɻֻһֻڰɷ֮ͫںͳڶֻͨһƬ½ء
ͺһԹߵһ·ϣת
ԣؽڶյ㣿
ܡַܸо֪ĸоؽڶ㻹һ蹵ֻ˵Ų谭Բȫ
Ȼؽ㡣
·ȷʵпܴڡ
ؽУƺЩ죬Ϊؽһַ岢δƵġ·ڣ˵ڶУһȴûУǹ죿
Ҫôؽڶȷʵбڵһ㡣
ҪôƬ½ܡ
֮ôһۣΪַﲢûзֱֻ˵Ʊټ
һֻкڰɷ֮ͫ½أȫбڣ㱦ﱻȡߣĺɹҲ֪Ǵŵġ
ûС
һۼûУɸɾġ
ԽԽء
ַ̽Ƭ½أδ̫֮ΨһɻһŹֵ̨Ϸ˸ֵֹĿƣʲôûУ·ȱһЩ
ұ½طҲδҵκƬ̨ϵģ̨ӡǣ·̲ĳذء
Լ͸
~ַ峤˼һʼδд𰸡
ɺϰɡ
ֻˡ

ַԭ½ء
Ƭ½ܣԼ޷͸νǿ
ǿ֮ʱַҲģܶõһЩ͵ڶһЩ룬Լøǿ
½̽Ѱ½أַߣ˴˶һԾزַֻǻ
ЦؽڶĻ𣬻Ǽô
̫߿ɲɵ̫ԴУǰһٵߣÿһߡ
ңڴ޴
ҪսҲȿĵòʱٶֲ١
ǿи뷨
ַ֣Ҳֵ÷ſĵԽԽ࣬ҲԲԼĺڰɷ֮ͫλøַ֪ΪԲЩ㲻
ѵˣԲüͷš˳Ħֺɷ֮ͫ룬ܿҵڰɷ֮ͫаǲ֮ǰַ壬һ졣
Ǻ˰Բ̾Žؽڶ㡣



2818 
ԲӱϾַҲġ
һϻս־սԼ֣Բʵλڵһݶӡ¿Ĳ֮֡Ҳʲô
˵ʲôʱֺˡ
ʵδ㹻ǰһԱֶûġ
ǡַ嵽ĵʮ½أһƬɭɭ޵һûкɷ֮ͫ½أζű
ؽڶ͵һ㲻ͬ
һıܺãƾС
ڶıﲻֹҪҪ㹻ʵı޷˰أ޷ȡúɹʵġ
;Ȼͬ
ءءëȻ˷ֱǿɲﲻ쳹תڶߣŤǰ
һ˸źɫӫӰ޴ĳչ·𣬺Хַɳ۶
˿ӰַԻӰֵĲٿ⣬ڶ̬˿ӰɹأȿУɡס
һȦȦ˿⣬鶯粨ƣӲߡ
꣡꣡
ʱ䣬ٴſ㤵ÿڣͨ͸ιâֱַ̲塣
ͣ
˿Ӱķͬ裬͸
䣡ַԴһ֮˲ϲ
Դ
ʩչľԴ
һʩչԴͬʩչԴԴΪ־Ϊֱ͸ֱԴ
ţ뺣Ӱ١
ַԼԴѾˣַóĶԸ³ǰ󸫣ԴǱ־ֱ֮¡
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һԪΪԴɱ˼ЩȫʩչԴʤ
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ݣַ弲Ƭɭ޵У˿Ӱƾ𹥻ʡ
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ֻȾˣɱֻҪ߾ͻʩչԴ깥ϧַԴӲκιЧ
Դȼ̫Ρ
ʵϣַ岢ǵһƬɭ޵ģʥڣƬɭ޵߹Ȼÿһնȥ
Ϊٲά衣
һδɱʽԴͬجΰڣǿĽ׶Σ½еǱ˭ķѴһֹ䡣
ҵڲң;һ˳ŹټѰұǣ飬ѹѹĹոǣָоͬǼҪɡ
һ͵ĺɫǱ
ϷҺ٣һĹڣȺϢڳǱܣһ˫˫ɱ¾ͫԶԶַ壬ֻҪ̤ǵĹΧ˲ʱǷĹơ
ЩࡣַԴţʱҲ
ʱھ磬ʥǰֻҪʮˣҪδ֪ĺɫǱȴҪֻ
ֻ
Դͬʱ
϶඼ҧ󣬸οЩֹǡϡô򵥣ǵԴͨһԪ𣬽Դıһֻ൱һ۷Ԫ
ֲֻ̫
ӲַҲڼԼĳ־֮û⣬ܵסԴֻ
Դޡ
ַûա
ɫǱһҪ
ַû˿ʥصʱ飬ܽߣɫǱвеıųԴģܴ
һ¡ַд㡣



2819 ƭ˵İ
ɫǱڻҺټӵķ϶Уһ˸źɫڣַţֻҪܽڣᰲȫ
ڵ鷳ǣҪֻƤ½롣


Щ;ʥľһмȶְ˵ǴڵĿġ
Լڹ߿ɼ֮ȴûһֻ𹥻ߵĹȫͬɭ޵طĹֻҪ߷Χ᲻һеؽݡ
ƴһƴַԷǵС֮
뻢Ѩɵûӡ
οıġ
˿Ӱַ廯һ⣬ֱǱڣ˷ʱɸɴֱӳַţֻҪйһӦܳס
Ͷһѣ
ַǰֻ˸źɫڣܴ󣬱һǼĹ𷢳̶ڿգֱ£һźɫַ
꣡꣡꣡꣡꣡
֮Դͬʱ䱬ַɫ䡣
Ϊ´ˡ
ֻ۽ԶģȫͬһɲǷ𹥻һ֧ѵصľӣÿһֻ൱һ۷Ԫֻ
ͬʱεȿֲ
䣡
ַһθе־֮ǱҡΣ־ޱȾˣԴɲǼ䱻ա
ҧأַǿеס־
Դ׹Դ֮ϣ޾潫ԴԴԴͬһͬһϵϡ
Դֱӵӣ
ɫǱڣǰȴԶߡ
ַܼǰ壬ÿǰһ֣Դһ֣Σձһ֣ڳǰַоȫ̴㣬Ӧ档
һֻͬʱںϵĻ
ԼԵס
޺񡣡ַؿںһ޺֮ʱڿУԴ⨶رֵܵôµĳԴ
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ֻԴεȰԵֱӱǳ޺ķԴͺһѽȫ̴ֻ̳һֽڶҪȫ̳Ҳջ
ݵͣ٣ַ롣
~~ԴպȥһֹԴ깥ַڱ߽⣬ڴɫԵʮֲ԰ס
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ַѸԴָԴʱֻصɫǱ⣬·ʲôûƵģعƽ
ղһĻĿġ
ģַһ߻ָԴһ߿һƾԼһҪӲ̫ѣΨǺǿߺ
~Բܿ췢һλϢ
½ͨڰɷ֮ͫ䱾λù̶֮УλõʵܺñϣַܿԲڵǸλá
ΪԲǴĦֺɷ֮ͫġ
ȥ½أַ嶼ȥ
дҰַ巢ȥһѶϢ
߷֡ԲҲϼ޻
ԡַعһѶϢڵңܿ쵽
á
ַѸٴ뿪
ԴָԴҲҪʱ䣬ؽһԲȻ˷һЩʱ䣬ַΪֵãһõıȻüﶼҪ
Լؽڶһʱ䣬õıҲ١
ۼֵһȵϾã
صĺɫǱ䱦ֵԲھʥеıҶµԼ
ʲôַ壬ԲǼȵѯʵ
϶ֹһַԲ˵ֵԤ10000Դҡ
10000ԴңԲɴ۾
һ׼ĺԴֵ1000Դ10000Դ൱ʮ׼ԴҲѹԲ𾪡
ƭ˵İɣԲַЩȷ
ৣַȡԴԾǿųĺɹʵһȡԲͫ׷Ŵ󣬺١
ž
ַ˲ջأԲڰյЩΡ
ĺңǺҡԲַ壬оǿȣң5000Դ
6000Դ
7000
Դɹʵ
κһֻͨսߣо޴ôԲǮȴɫΪ֪Ǯҡ
һųĺңֵ8000Դϣ
ûôԴ
źҸ㣬ıʮɡַԲֱ׳һջȻԲЩ¡
ıֶȵϺң
һʱ䣬ԲԴЩתſڣ֪δַ塣



2820 Ҳ
ңַҲǵһε֪ơ
Լ֮ǰţһǰģЧͼӰһĿȻȷԴ༫ƷɹʵµһҲֻΪʱûʱ
ַ忴ʵȲ֮յط
ԲҲûʲô᲻ãҹƽףȡ裬ֽ׶˵ųĺҶԼаս̫
ϾڵԼԴ귽
ͬ⣿ǲͬ⣿
Բºܾᣬԣַ˵֮ܵõıֻ֣źҹأȻַͼʲô
źңּá
һųĺң8000ԴмУ
оַʵ
ԲԹصַһۣ̾˿ܲܵõ֮ıپ
ַȻʧЦʵҲ֪ЩʲôֻǴԵĹƣֵ10000Դҡ
˵ģԲһ
ַͷҲ֪óԴ꣬źأҶ԰΢֮ȡΪǡҪ
ԲˣַԴ֮ȷʵô󣬹Ȼǿʣþ˷ˣ绻һ2000Դңרǿʵĺɹʵ
Ǳ߱˵ַԲ˵Ҫȥ½ء
˲ǰУǰɭ޵
ͬɫǱַԲԲϾһȷʵȥóַҲֻǲһѣ⡣
Բͬ⣬ԡ
ͬ⣬Ҳûϵ
ַ岻̰ģֻҪɫǱıʥеıõ߷Ҳˡ
۶С
һ·ַѸٻָԴԲһֱüͷʧ׻ǲԲֻǸܴ⡣
ֵܣҸסˡԲ̾
ԵûַһЦ
Բַ壬ַ赭дı飬а߶
һֻС꣬ؽһѾֲãؽڶ㣬ĴұֻС꾹ѾõֵȼıڻҪȥȡͬȼĳ
Բţıؽڶ㣬еġ
ȫ²͸뷨ԲȴһСһתĸоǻԿ粻֪أ
Һûġ
һԿ
⣡߶ţٿԲǿϢĽӽڣߴַĴɷߣԲһڡ
ʮţ
Ϊ׵һԲҲϵãҮ·ʸʵ൱֮ǿʮЩӢУء
ҵסΪַۡĴٴԲڵĻᶼûУΪʮǿɱڵɱ
ΪһۡҮ·ʸ
䣡Բ̧֣֧̽ʮǿ߽˲ʱݣһɫȦ޴ֱߣ׵ıҮ·ʸ
ҼȺؽһڶ㣬ԲԲʱӣĸ顣
ߣַ岻кң֪һƷڣ
ʮţԲҲó֡
ϣò
ǵ졣ֱַʩչԴҮ·ʸǸǿߣ֮ԲסΪ׵ǿߣΪַоԴ൱ǿöԸ
䣡䣡
Դࡣ
ַЧʼߣԲŸסҮ·ʸߣַѻɱѸײڶ֮١
ɱʵûһ֮ǰɱŵ£һˡ
ˣַջָԴһκľ
Դ׶˺ܴ
Ҳˣʣ½ˣַԲֱNMPʲôвˣ绢գɱȴߵľӢսʿھʼװ⡣
ԲҲ޴ӷ˵ʲôַս
ַѾɱûԼһɱʲô
Ҳǽġ
ǣһʵǿĸʲô˼
Ҫ͵ʮΪôҮ·ʸǿţԲսԲУͬϼͣ䲪Ȼŭ
ף
ԲУֱֻѹ⽣֧ǹӰɱҮ·ʸֻ۾ͨ죬Ъ˹Թ޴
Ү·ʸԲĶ֣ԭԵʮŵԲǵԲŭޱȣ
һսҮ·ʸ˲ᡣ
ãǺڣҮ·ʸҲŭ죬صӣһѪ𣬱׼ܡ



2821 ôࣿ
Ү·ʸȻԲĶ֣סû⡣
ΪʮžӢб
ڴʱ
䣡Ҳ޾Դһ޴ǳأһԴء
Ү·ʸȻɴ۾ƴ
һ̣֪ʲô
һֱԲսȴĿĴڣ
ͨԴһ
Ү·ʸţΪԴǿһҲַ塣أ¶ܵסַԴĶֲַ壬Ѿȫɱ۵Բ
꣡꣡
ǹģն­
ɲǵʧ㹻Ү·ʸĶ˭ؽһݶӵǿߡԲֻʩչ˳ɵʵҲҮ·ʸǿöࡣ
ַϣ޿ɵֵ
ǿ֮ĩҮ·ʸַԲĺϻ֮УҲǲԩ
ʵĲ࣬Ͼ
лˣַһЦ
ջָԴȫĴûԲһԼֻһ;ڣȴȫͬĽ֡
ԲЦúǿ
ʵɱҮ·ʸַĳ֣ϾҮ·ʸĺ·ҲϾŻɽġԲ֪Ү·ʸضѽѶϢȥȻ;ΪУɻǵ˵ʮš
û취
Щ£Ҫȡ
Ŀǰ˵ͼԶȵʮŸҪ
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ַҡҡͷԴѸٻָԴʵԼҲû뵽ײϵʮǿߣֻ˵á
Բһɫָ
ַıóַûѣҵʮŵǿڲƶҪ˵ײǣȷЩ̫ǣǿ
Բܾáһ
ַָЩսȡܳɹֵͺңѡɹҲ㡣
ৣ
Բַ壬ʱ类һ¡
ʵַ壬һֱЩɣҲɻΪоַ̫ˣƺźܶܡַղŵⷬȷʵ
̫ˡ
ǰ࣬ʵ
ɡԲ֡
ַһЦҲֱȡҡ
ӦԲν裬һź㲻ʲôǽύԲѣֵá
ৣԲоâС
ңұ̹Ϻ
ԲҲռСˣµźҾͣᱦ޹棬ֻæԲģԵΪ
һЦΪˡ

Ү·ˡɫ䣬޾ɱ⡣
ʮžӢսʿҧأǺصһģŭ塢ɻָоͷӡ
ԭΪֻǺɵһû뵽롣
ʮֻʣĸˡ
֮ʱѽĿΪʲôؽ
ȫ벻ͨ
ԲˡͳɱҮ·ģĿ꣬Բ
ɶ񣡡
Ӣսʿŭһ
֪ԲʵͶӳڲ֮䣬ԲæҪɱĿ̫ˡ
ô죬ӳ
ǰӳԲΪϧʮţϵǳ
س
ԲԵ㲩һӦǿ֣һĿģɵظ˽ʲôֵܵ塣
һԲ̸һ¡غڲƽԲҪ񣬿ԺС
ΪʮŵľӢֻʣĸ

ַԲӽɭ޵
;ΨһĲҮ·ʸ谭ٶǰɭ޵û̫鷳
ߣ鷳Ҳڡ
ϵˡԲͻȻڡ
ޣԲУַһѾ֪ǰɱԼĵʮһǿߣӳʵȫѷɫԲĶǿߡ
ϣ⡣ԲҲɴֱ࣬Ӱ
ַһЦ
ⲻ⣬ԲڣһҪɱԼûϣ
ԲķӦ
ûдӦûз
Ǯұ㡣Բַ壬ֱ׳һذը
ַܶЦ
Բüôࣿ
лˣַ֪Բ⣬ܵڱ˵£ԼԸԲΪ棬Ҳһߡ
áԲۣҪһ㡣
ַһЦ
ԲһҲԿ
صʵλһЩȷʵѡ
ţǱԲЦ̣ƺΪԾ



2822 ʲô˰
ôԲɫַ岻ʵ
ԲתǹͷԲݺ͵λм¡
ϴ͵ʮνĳ𣿡Բʵ
Դɱһ̫ߣӦĳλߵͽܻáַ
Բַ壺ǲΪ
G
Ǳ
ַʱЩԣǱʲôԼ͵ʮŻϸô
̫ԪҪȥԲ꣬ЦһֵܣҿǰĪร
̫Ԫַ䲻̫ԴǿߣԲıҲɲ²һ
̫ԪǾӵȨߡԲַ֪岢̫ߣ͵ԽߵףÿһŤתʱյǿ
ֹ̫Դ棬ںɺڡ
ף
ַ֮ݡ
ԭ沢ûףԼʦ̫ԪֻǴߡԭ棬ͬ˵Ĵڡ
غ佻ǳΪһԱԪߡԲַ˵Ԫ˵ǽȥȡܡǸǻ
ô˵ַ
ԲЦ̫ߣ𼶱ӵս̫Դ涼УԪ˻ֻ㣬ǽɱ
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Ҳܡ
̫Դʵ𣬾Ӳһ֦㣬ҲҪ˲ţҿĿ߳ϡԲַ˵ֵԿһ£ǿڿ˼ҪΪ̫һԱ
ַһЦҪأ
⡭Բһʱ
԰һǣһ´أַ뻢ڣ
Ժ˵ɡַ岢һϲԼ˽и˵ˣȻԲԵȷкܴԣʱ
ԼˣӦԼƿء
ˡ̸䣬ַԲɭ޵򣬸һƬǺĵԲüͷֱ壬Ϊսߣϲľֻ
ߡ
ַ嵹У·
Դδȫָ۳ƬԴ޵ĵ򣬶ַ˵ƽأһֻֻɱʽĹӰ첻
ǳνԲɫأ˿Ҵ⡣
ԴǿӽɫǱһ·۲ַҲ֪Բʵϸڶ࣬Ӧֳ档
Ǹֽ൱֮ǿ
𣬷һ㡣
ַڹ۲ԲԲγڹ۲ַ壬ԽԽԾַ徹ɹ𹥻Ƶᣬ㲻Ӱ졣
ַĹһֻһֻ䣬ָоΪ졣
ԴԴܱ̬Բսٻغϣ֪óʲô
ַԴǿԲԾΪַ屾ƵľԴ
ַԴ֮ǿԲ۽磬ԲԼҪ߾ȫַܵһСһȴ赭дػ⡣
һʲô·
澹츳ţѹԪҲΪ֮ġԲַ壬˼ͣԽַԽɲ⡣

ַԲ˲ʱعʲô
ˡ
ţ
ԲעĿȥǰһɫǱŹأһٲڳǱ֮⣬ϷĹ𣬽Ƭնڡ
ô𣡣ԲҲһ
֮ǰҲֻԸʮֻһ¼ǧֻ۶ʱһڡ
ţŻ9000ֻһεĳַȻʧˣҲù٣ҲҲջ
֮ǰôһӲԲȻ
ʲô˰
9000ֻһͬԴЦɡ
˲ͱˡ
ţʧˡַҲЩϧ
Բ˷ۡ
ܲʧô
治֪ԴôģȻȪ󶼸Ҵ˵ո˵û֪ηã
̫СˡԲипǧʵַѾܸߣڿ֮ǰֻǾţһë
ܺסʮֻ𹥻ܴ9000ֻ𹥻дȫ¡
̫Զˡ
ֵܣ֮ǰ㵥ﴳصḶ́ϸ˵һ顣ԲһɫأźɫǱ˸ž⡣
ľҪַḻöࡣ
ϿֲİƣɫǱУеı൱
ؽڶ㣬ļֵͻȡѶȣǳȵġ
10000Դ
߿϶ԶԶֹ



2823 ֮
ַ彫֮ǰӲḶ́ϸ
˲ã˲ɣǺԲַ㲻Բͻұ˴ڵһйһζݺ赺ϡ
Բ˼ַҲţػָԴ
֮ǰֻͨԴһŴԴȥ˲ָ磬ԴȻСָܶ࣬ȴʮֻ
ַҲżٶȲҪҪǡ
õ
Բ˼ã̧ͷ
Ըꡣַš
һԲַ˵ͷжһ𹥻һûɫǱ
ֵ𹥻ұʮսǱڡ
ַԲ׷ǱڣǷֵܵ
⡭ԲЦѣҪͲַȥˣҲ˼ɡ
һȺǱڣַ׷ô죿
ڶȴ򡣡Բַ˵Ȼ˷һʱ䣬ȴȫģǱлΣգҲɽ硣
ַͷ
ԼĲıϡ
9000ֻǶ࣬ǻ۵ͣжмȶжΧҪ취ԣһƣʵȫԵġ
֮ǰԼһΣɱ5600ֻ
ҪԼһˣʣ9000ֻȫɱ̫ѣԲæͲͬˡҹǼȶģδΪԼɱϡ
ôַҲǹϡ
ǵжԲ
жЧʻߡַ
һ˭ɱøࣿԲЦ
áַһЦ
۶ʱĻɱЧʣԼ϶ʤԲԴޣԴָԲȴһƣ˭ɱøԼҲ׷ϡ
һԴԲü
áַЦ
˴ŵıƴ
һͨԴֵҲ1000ԴԲԼô࣬㡮ѡҲӦãַԲС
οԲֶ࣬Ϊ

Ҿͺȿʼˣֵܣ
ЦԲֱֻ۾Ǽѱѳǹ磬ϵɫһõɫ޶ܣֵǰ
Բ൱ŹĹΧ߽гۣʱӽʱǹСĴۻȡ
ΪԴޣмֻ첻вʮһͷˡ
ȻЧʵ򲽲ۻ
ܿ죬ɫǱ߽ǰʬһƬ
㲻ݣ·Ĳǵͬ飬ˣǵʶ򵥣⡣ǵĴڣֻΪػǱ
ָ߳ˡַ忴Բ֣Ҳż
Լ֣ԲһҲĥ9000ֻȷʵ൱ȫʵͳ͵Ľսɡ
һ㣬ַ֪ġ
һԪͺһһ̡
Ӱַ֡ԲȥԲһԴĶעڻ缸ŴԴ
ԴʩչӰ֣ϵǿʩչȸսԴ磬ֹǧ
ںϾɷġַ̡ȫ
صԴ̬һ־֮ǣһǾɷ
־֮ǵġ͡ҡַѴɣ־֮ǵġҡ﹥ϣĵԴҲͦ˵ġ
ɷС̡̡̬͡Ϊ̣Դһ㣬﹥Ϊܡ
֮ʺϵĲ־֮ǵġҡǾɷġ̡
־֮ǵġҡϱʽĹ
ɷġ̡ʺʽĹ
֮ǻӰֵĻֻֻһŻӰȣУ˲л̶ɱ
ͻϡ
Ȼ֮ϡַܿɹʩչһΣں˾ɷֹ̡֮ٶȸ죬ҴҲǿ
ߵϣ־֮ǵġҡҪ
ţ
ô
ַԭΪȻҲܴﵽԪΣڿԤлҪ
ĿԲǱߣ赭дնɱʵĲ
ˡַ˲ʱȻ
Դ
ھһʵǿľ˼лǻǽԴĹǣǵȻʵϾǱߡ
㣬ͬԴ
ڣؽ磬Ȼߵ硣



2824 Сӻһ֣
ԲȻػɱѽɣʡȫķĥǧֻ
֮ĶעҪ󣬵˵ʱӼַۣ壬ȷʵĹ̫ࡣ
ַóԴ˵ַϻɱ𣬵˵Լĥ⡣
һ㣬ԲףַҲ
ڣе㲻Ծ
Сӻһ֣ԲƳȥַ徹ɱ飬ǳɫֳһͷ޴ɫ֩룬ֿÿһζܽһֻɱ
Բֻ֣ͬʱɱ
ַĺɫ֩ȴаֻ֣ͬʱԡ
Բ
䣡
һŻɫâסԲǼ仯񽫣ԲĶ˲ݽһսŷ
ţһߣĥνɷַ壬ͻȻоԲı仯ĿͶȥ׹ʱȻʧЦ
Լһ硣
飬ԲΪԼî㾢ˡ
ᣬԲսǿЧǸߣܽʡʱ䣬ַҲδɣͶӰɷں֮С
꣡꣡꣡
ַɱЧȫԲٲȻʤһٶȱֽ֣һֻֻӿв׹䡣
ܿ죬ԲռϷ硣
ҲһСС⣬Ҫ汻ַ⡮С޻СӰһʧһԴͿˡ
ƴĻ
һֻֻս۷ԪĹԵʯսߵǰ޻֮ûһʧѹ롣
ˡԲмַɱ1000ֻҡ
ֻʣ4000ַֻҪĿ΢΢
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ڿˡ
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һ𣬿﹥ͨߣ̫
ѹԪҲġԲַ壬˫תҲ㣬֮ǰδ֮⣬Ͼַ岢̫ߡ
ڣԲЩˡ
ڴʱͻ䡣
ַĹƶȻкɫ֩棬ԝӰϴ̳һӰ֣ٶȶȻ
ԭֿĹһֱ䡣
죡
죡
쵰СӡԲɴ۾һΪȲʤȯ뵽ַ;ټ٣»ɱٶȫ
ɱ¾룬ԲĻɱٶԿʼ
̫ƻˣԲͷ߱ųϹâԣ룬Ҳƴһѣ̸ַϳЦˡ
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߶ԹɵɱˣַڵĹֱ֮ȫԲҪࡣ
700080009000
군ˣԲͷˮǰ̺󣬺ٶȫַʱԲ֪Ѷ
ʣ500ַɱĿѾ200ֻ
200ֻе׷ԲѾ
ˡ
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ֻһͨԴ1000Դ䲻٣Բݻõóġ
ߣ֮ǰؽһԲջ١
ڣҪȫַˡ
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ԲǿЦҡͷٿַǱߵսȴĪͣƳȥַֻǻص߽ԴʼָԴ
ʲô˼
ַԴľˣ
ԲЩɱ¾ٶȴǰ㲻ַָʱ䣬Ѹٻɱ𣬺ܿ콫Ĩƽ
ৣৣৣ
ԲδַᣬѸٵؽʣȫɱӮⳡľ֡
Ϻ㣬Բָ糣ַһְźʶ㣬ʲôûַģĺټ
ῴַǹ
﹥ĵԴ࣬ĴղʱҲ㹻ַָһС룬սҪɱĹʵ׾١
ַ岢ûô
ѡã
ֵܣԲѡԲóϷ֡



2825 ɫǱ
ˡַա
ȡؽһõǰɫСɡݸԲЦҡҡͷ֮ܵ䲻
ԲƤٺҲܻԴ
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ҪһСȲˣҲ׵ˡ
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ʲôأ
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οⳡľִһʼַûӮԲôԼøһԴ͡
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Ƚȥɣַ΢ЦϵڲÿЩ£ؽرգܻ뿪̸١
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ڣؽ磬ÿһοܻųȥģ޼
ַ֪Բ˼ԼԲֻǵǹƥһߣôΪԼȥʮţ̫Դǿڳ֮һ
Բµӣ˵Ȼк̨пɽ
ʮ֮˾ţҲ֮һ
Щַ˵Ҫ
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ˣأַʵ
սԲҲ١
СԲһսսⷽ滹ǱȽռƣʺϳ־սǽȥɣҹζࡣ
áַͬ⡣
ɫǱ͸żֹ졣
ٱ鲼̺ǱƶħĳѨַԲʵǿ˵ΣҲһ
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ôġ̤ںɫǱȣԲַУ̲סʵ
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ַжϣԴ˶
ʥֻҪػƽ˾Ҳǡ
ΣգַҲܴȾ磬ַƶɫǱгŨϢԴԴ
ȻԲ˵ͲôѺˡ
ϢԲ
ַš
ԼҲоˡ
ƹ䣬ǰȻʣܿһʮžӨ͸飬γһȦÿһ鶼̲ǿͺɫǱϢһ
ʮǿԲһ
ʮ飬ÿһŶǿϢ
ǺԴַԲḻַΪߣԲǣʮӦ˴κϵͺʮ̥һ
룬ȴһΪԴ
乣ֱַӿ롣
ǼʮҲתֳһ˿ߣʮ飬ԴΪĵ㣬ʮʱһߣΪһ塣
աַһţһС
ʱٸоŵϢһһƺ߰ȷȷʵʵǺԴɡ
࣬Դ
ϲֵܡԲ΢ЦƷʱǲףֵ5000Դ
áַҲ⡣
Լ»ӰֻδȫգĺԴãʱòϡ
ǱӦòֹһԲ
Ǽ
ַǰС
δǱϢӦŽ̽úɫǱһַ֣ʥأ֪һ㱦ֲںü
ȻһڣҵһĺԴƷ׺֮ǰõڲ֮䡣
Ѽֵ10000ԴﵽַԤڡ
ңƺֹ
ɹʵԲԶͨ꣬Ц
ǰġ𡯣ȻĹ𣬶Ǻ͹ԴһеĺɹʵЩɹʵϸСһһģͺƻһ
һͨһ̲صȴǲףһŹ磬̲ž˵Դ
Ĺ𣬴ССа˶䣡
Ⱦĺɹʵһֹ
ϲֵܡԲ̾һҲΣ֪Ͳ󷽣Ǵ˵еġڤ֮Сڤֵ֮1000Դңļֵ5000Դ
˶ڤֵܼ֮20000Դ
֮ǰ̽õԴʱַն30000Դ
ԲֻɣҲõ9000Դ
ҪǣɫǱδ̽



2826 ƾʯ
ڤַ֮ƣǺС
ԴƬɭ޵Ļ䣬һŹӵ̲ŰԴ;ʥصԴʵʮֻڤ֮ǿĲԴ
Դꡣ
óҲΨһóľԴÿһֻǷʳڤ֮ϵġѡɳ
~~ֱַһСڤ֮
嫵ԴԴʱһƬˮ𵴣ԴԴ꣬ͺƴ㣬ֱֳɳ
Դ
ǺɺУ֮һ
һЩһԴԴںϸУַ֪ؽıÿһйء
࣬١
ߵıʣǿ
սԶܣԴԴ඼ó
ԴΪ˧ȫۺǿߡ
ƺҵԴȡԴΪǿֶΡһڤַָ֮оΪڤ֮Դ̫
ԼԴʵǿȻڻο޵У۷ԪȲֵһᣬʶԼԴƣһֱܻ
Դ겻ǿȻ
ͺһ֧ճε±ҪжΣҪ󷨣Žϵȵȣѡ
һ֧ɾɵľӣƻࡣ
֮ǰַԴ겻ǿͻΪԴ꣬ҲֻǴﵽһԪı׼ߣڲͬˣԴԱƵĳ
ͬıԴ֮壬ǿ
ͬԴ꣬Ȼǿ
ԴʵأһԪÿһ涼޴
СӣȻûޣԲܸоַԴѹԽԽǿԭΪַ츳涼ӦõＫ޲ǡ

Բַ壬ڰ֮ɫ
츳Ʒû˵
н̫ϧˡ
ַܣԲҲûȤؽرպѯַ岻٣Ͼˮ¥̨ȵ£ַϵС
ؽУܰԲ⣬ַõ㱦Ҳ޷պܿܳΪԼˣ÷ô
~~
һšʧַһڤ֮ȫԴۿɼ֮ǰ۷Ԫ׼ڳ10ֹ
һ䣬Чͻ
ȫ˶жྪˣ

Ϊַһڤֻ֮Сһ䡣
ݣӰַɳһԝĺɫ֩룬ʱռ𵴣Ӱ㣬ɫ֩ſֻ֣粶ɱ㣬͵һ㽫ռɱŤ
أɱ
ɡ
ӽˡ
ַʩչɹһλɱҪ300ԴƿصĿ﹥ܳɹʩչҽӽ
йȻΪԴĲٿأһڤ֮û
ԴԴУԴ֮걾ʵصǾ
˶ȫŻӰµĹҶʩչַ岻ż·֮ʱֻǸղżһڤ֮
⡣
֮ǰõԴҪöࡣ
ܷ֮ԼѲС
ַ²ģɫǱеıȻȫǹԴģʺڵ
˼ַԲǸһЦ
С¡ԲЦţҪҪ߶䣬Ұš
ãǼǰС
á

ؽڶ㡣
ԭԶ˫ţȨȻâͶ䣬ʱ·ֹͣһ̺Զ
ǰһŹֵľʯ
ϷصֺӡǣһȦȦĿھʯ֮ϣоΪ⣬Ʊȴֲǡ
ԶȻ֪;
~ƾʯԶž
޴ʱֹתʱȨߣԶңգʥӦҲõ֮
ַ塭
ǣܿ档

һ½ء
޾֣һƬӰ޾أбһһأ֮Ļ־ټ͵ߣѴ߳
ӵж־߳⡣
Ǻ~~ִЦеش̤ḧ룬ҡͷԣһƾʯٲȻԶޱ

߳ϣ
޾ɱ¾һ⽣ӰһƬƬɷ
ƬѪɫĵУΨһɫСӰĿɫͷɫĿ֣ɫĶ񣬻ǺɫĶ̵Ѫۡ
ڣһĳǿߡ
Ӱ
ǣڹҫѪɫһƾʯѪɫֶӰһֱӱߣһƬʬء



2827 ʯ
̤̤
ַԲĽŲڿյĺɫǱиĿռſͼžľ
ȻַͣԵԲҲͣ
Ŀ۽ǰȻһ޴ĵ񣬶أȻž޴ϵһ޴Ƥͣһֻֻ飬һ㡣
;ʥеӵ񣬼һޡ
ֻʥеĵǾأǹ𣬵Ȼӵֹ̬űһģһǿն̲Ŷһ޶ʣƬصˡ
֮Բ֤ʵַжϡ
ȷʵ֮ɡ
ַѼ֮ĵԲ̫ԾƲЩȻԲַǰУĸоǰرԡ
һһ·ߵ˺ɫǱ
һƬɾ޴ĺھɽ֮ĺɫɣ;ʥصǺ񣬺ھŲ񣬲ϵ䣬ΧһƬƬ棬ӰƬͶӰӳƵġ
̤
ַ˿Ϊþ
Ŀǰ־ȳߣþӰ첻ַ㣬ֱӴ谭ԽǧɽˮƬھɽɽ֮С
Ũַһ¶Цݡ
ɫǱһԼоߵõ˶ڤ֮
ž
ַ崥һɫ壬ǼɫԴԴı߽ͺƴż㷢֮ţٶȼΪˡ
ȫˡ
бԴɹʵǿԴ֮ء
Ⱦʥظ
ַ岢û´ıֵߣΪɫǱѶȷʵȽʥҪѡ
Ӧطַ岢żȡھɽȫĵƬ֮أɻþأͲơ
ӦԽԽ
һƵ˷ۣϣطַ
Ȼط
ھɽطַȡ˸֣ȫ֮ǰط֮ͬھɽҲǸ
Լ˵ھɽͺھɽطɸá
Ϊ£ṩս
ԭںϺھɽЧַӺھɽطе֪࣬ȸȸԣڲʱ򣬲ԶһϢڽӽ
GԲǴƬĺھɽգգ۾
֮ɲǣһתѲַӰַ֪ˡ
·һƬءԲܸоھɽҲܿΧػþȴ֪ʲôطƬھɽк;
һ¡
ھɽѸٱ١
һգۣǿտҲ
ΧĻþźھɽʧܿ첻ԭ½ԻãøɸɾػغڰһϤӰӺڰУ̤
ֵܣ⶯湻ġԲȤ
ЦˡַҲЩ˼˵ֻǴæԼôһھɽõھɽطǰջ񡭡
ƺõЩ̫ˡ
Լ⣬ܵøɡ
ԥôڣٿԲɫȻһ䣬ͫ׷ŴֱӴַԴûڰַһҲ֪ԲΪʲô
Ϊһַ塮µġ
ƬӴھɽĵײһƾʯϷĿƺϤַ֮ǰʵһ룬ϷĹų⣬޷봢ָ
ƾʯؽϵ޷жϡ
ʯǴ˵еʯԲḧŹƾʯϵ·˫ͫϲ֮ɫ֡
ʯʲôַߵԲԣ
ԲֵӦؽв֮ıܻдеĴڣżԼأʯǿ֮еڡ
ʹãַԱʹʲôĵģֻǺ棬ϾߵԴ֮·ûٻͷ·׵޴УַҲᶯġ
ԲҡҡͷҲΪؽǰοδ֮Ĵб
Լãַ
Բߵõ֮Ĵбؽ罫ùرգȻٿ
û뵽
û뵽ʯ
Բ̾ѡ
κһؽߣĸϣõ֮Ĵбǿߣ˵еףվںɺǿߣ
ʯַŹƾʯ
ܾЩ·Ϥƺһʱȴ벻
Ϥ
أ
ַüͷ΢šٿԺһһ涸Ȼӹ֪ʯʹˡ



2828 һ֣
ؽڶ㣬ַǵһĿߡ
ȻԲḻַ½Ҫ࣬ʯδҲ֪;ЧϷ·ַ֮ǰ
Źֵ̨
̨Ϸ˸ֵֹĿƣʲôûУ·ȱһЩʱַұ½طҲδҵκƬ̨ϵġ
̨ӡǣ·̲ĳذء
ʯϵĹƣ̫ϵĿƺƣ̨ӡǣһϤ
û´ʯӦǷ̨ϡַ彫ԼĲ²֪Բ˼ЩȻ
Ժܴ󡣡ԲĿʯЦһ
ٴɫǱǰѾ˵ãбﶼַУȻʯȻʯΪأԲϾݵλǿߣԴ͡
ʯʲôַʵ
ԿסԲԥؽ֮صԿףΨеõʯߣʸؽ֮ء
ַͷ
ԲҲһ󣬴Ҳ֪˲ٹؽѶϢؽ֮أȻǲ֮бĵط
˿ʯһ
Ȥַʵ
ԲһֵԸ
ֻҪǮַ嵹̫ں֮ĴбһõҲδãиǲҪ̫Σա
Լ裬ά裬ҪǽõıΪãսǿԱȥ̰
ġ
÷ʱַ岻̫ᡣ
ȻҪԲټǮȻ˴˹ϵϾཻǳĪַ֮Ҳ󷽡
Բ˵Ը⡮Ѿѵá
⡭ԲԥˣǲãֻʯԴй̶ֵҲֻؽ翪ʱų֡
Ҫ˵ֵ߰ɣ;
Ҫ˵ֵͰɣǵõ֮бԿס
һʱ䣬жۡ
ҪųĺңԲ̽ʵ
һųĺңֵ8000ԴԲţԭַġ˵ţԲԼҡҡͷ
֪
׵ã
֮ؽ֮أ
̲ߣ׼ıڣһųĺһδ̫֮ˡ
ֵԵƬ̣Һֵһ¡Բһϵͬ飬ؽڶģȻֹһ
ֻȽأԱǺء
ַһڤ֮һĵš
żԲõóʼǮԼǾͻҪУʱԼֻߡ
ⷽ棬ַڲ֮ء
ܿ졪
ˣֵܣһڼۣ20000Դɷ񣿡Բ˫Ρ
30000ַָ
ԲЦûôԴֵܡ
ñҲԡַ
Բ̾һץߴ磬ַȫץסҪʯԲҲδ뷨໥ĲǴȫ·硣
մַõһųĺңֵ8000Դ
£ͬ⣬׸
һּۻۺմɽס
18000ԴһųĺңټһԴֵܼ27000ԴԲַʯ
ʱûôԴԲҡ黹ַ壬ַָ6000Դ
ҪŵùַЦЦҲǲСڡ
Բˡ
ǡԲȻЦЦҪֵԵƬ̣ȥֵǶʣĺԴܿ졣
ô鷳´ϸҾСַ
ҲУ硣ԲҲ裬˴Ѿ緽ʽŵùԲСڡ
ַš
ҪռˣԲһʯˡ
ʱԼҲ֪ʯֵΡ
ѰһɫǱֱ©ַԲ뿪ɭ޵طر𣬱ﶼںɫǱС
ϲֵܡԲоĽ
֪ͲúңһһȥÿٺԴڲֹһַ壬ȫҵ6000ԴǷַ12000Դ
һ֣ҡ
Ҳϲַ
Բ¶һ˿Цݡ
Ȼô࣬˵ʵֵá
ûַ壬òʯҲøԴҲãҲãͿˣʵλ׬Ҳ¡
ΨʯȻһ١
סؽһɳ죡



2829 һ
ַ壬Բ
ûʯֻǾÿпޡ
ߣַжԲҲЩǸ⣬ϾԲһġ࣬ʯ͸˳ˮҲá
֮ĴбַûȤǿʱؽһȷѪ꣬ԲԼͲǶ֣Ӱസǿڡ
ԼĿǰʵνͽȥ
ڤַ֮ŻнٶȣྫͶ뵽֮Уÿһڤ֮
Դ꣬ۿɼٶȡš
ӳʼ10305070
ֱ100
ˡԴһԴͬмޣЩκԽǿԽԽ⣬ɵԴԴԽǿ
ַҲӴ
ϧֻǻ
100Դ꣬ʵѾ99%۷һԪ
ҵԴڱԴǿַףǿǿԼδԴľѧطԴӲԴںϡ
Ȼ޷ʩչԴ﹥ȴԡ
Դƣַͬﵽµ100
100Ȼ۷Ԫļޣβͬ治ͬ಻ַֻܴͬﵽ100Ϊ½ֻǻ
ӰǿĵءǧӰҪԴƴﵽ1000
ǿǿͨ۷Ԫ޷ʩչġ
ءɱҲҪԴƴﵽ300Դƴﵽ100һЩʵҲǿʩչ
أС
1000һ޴̨ס
ҵԴںԴ꣬ܺɵزٿǧӰַȱģ˺սзӵ
﹥һԪı׼ֶΡ
֮ǰַ޷ʩչһΪԴ겻ǿΪԴƲѣȫӭж⡣
һ˺ɫǱ֮Уض顣
ֻǰ˶ڤֵ֮ƱַۣԴıȫ
Դһ֮·ַ
ԴԶɿ﹥
֮ȥҪǿࡣ
ھԴﵽ£ַ忪ʼھɽĺھھɽطȤҲأϺھԴͬʱҲʹԴ̲࡮
ЩǿԴ
䱬ȼĹؼǺھɽط
ַĴ
ؽڶ½أҲһտʱսĶˣõֵıﲻνǿ
ϾѲǿ֮ʱؽڶǿߣ뼸ʮ
ȥ
ôô
¾ʥغͺɫǱַѾ㣬ڸٶȣΪá
ǺɫǱеԴ걦
ʯ֮Ĵбַ岻ںºĸоǿңΣ֮ǰԴ֮·Ҳ
һˣֻһ·
ɵɣԽԽá
ַܱ
Ͼڵġҡȷʵ١

½ء
ʲôǿ߾ͣĿ֮һƬɫ⻪һƣһ̨
̨⣬ӡâ·һֻͫ
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ɫ⻪̨ڲȫڣԪǿߵҲֻǿӰò̬͸ԴӦϢ
̨ͷ·һԪռ䣬Ƭ
Ǳô
߰ɣһƾ鷳ˡ
á

һ̨ʱǱ
һޣ̨⣬һֻƹͫӡǣ֮ɫһ̨⣬γ·Դǣ̨ڵʵʵ
˭Ҳ̨ʲô
˭Ҳ֪׷ʲô
̨⣬ѽؽڶд
ҵˡȻ֪ǲַ̨Բҵһա̨Ϊҵ̨Ҳûá
ֻʯ̨֮ϣܿ
һһҵ̨
֪жʯԲʯ̨ĹϣǼ䣬عͬʱһ覵ӣγͼ
~~
Դ١
̨𵴣סԲ̨ĿյȻֳһޱϤĵԲںɫǱмġ
֮
ȻûԲϲ
ʯ֮Ĵбйأ
һζַˡ
Բим
һ



2830 ߲
ʯԵߵ֮
׼ȷ˵Ӧʵߵ֮
ÿһʯҪöףܼư˿ʯʱҾ̨ӰˡԶസԲڣÿһǵ֮
һʵѷһǿߣؽڶĴ̽Ѱ
ʯ̨ƿγɶ벻עⶼѣһʮʮ٣ʯȻʹ
ʯûСַҲյӵѶϢֱӴ
ԼȷʵûУԲվУν߶˵ַӵĹϵȺԲһЩҲֻͨѡ
ؽһйݺɫǱʱַҲǹӣʵ˵϶ѡԲ
ԲʯѾˡַԲһֱϵõʯ󲻾ãԲͨĹϵҵһ̨Ͼ̨ûʲô;ͼֵ
̨ͬкü
û
ʯжٿ飿
ַҲ档
ؽڶ㻺ۣ̽½˵Լ㲻ǵһҲǵڶ
ؽڶ㣬½δ١
Լƽ15½ؾҵһʯ
ԣ֮ǰЩΣ֮УܾܿʯĴڡ
½أַ̽㹻ࡣ
ʱԻһЩΣ֮أҵʱʵǿ֮١ϸ룬ЩΣ֮кܿܲʯ
Լôؽڶ̽Ѱ½أֻҵһʯ
˵ȫһ֮ǰЩΣ֮أмʵԽˡ뿪ɫǱַ̽öδջ񣬼ʵдʱðһЩðաͷ
ûʯҲ
䶵תת˷ʱ䣬ֱȥЩΣ֮һ̽ԼģпܻߣҲпʯĴڡ
ΪЩΣ֮㹻Σա
ಣ
ַ뵽
ÿһƬΣ֮صλãǵúַ֪Լٻսʵʱ
һЩܾܿͱһˡ

ɫ½ء
һƬŲʺɫʮ½أϳֲʺɫʣƬ½رԵһǣһ߲ݡ
ÿһ㣬һֶɫŨŨԴ
ޣʵɱء
͸߲֮ɫƻþĻ棬һһԻãһһ飬ɫþ֮£һ߾ʬ塣
Ǻǣʬ塣
ЩǸսȴʬ塣
ǰʬ٣мһʬ壬໥ɢĲߣߣһߣ߲ûС
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ʮ
ңȫ䡣
磬ǽ
롣
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㿴ǰЩ
ʧܣҲʧܣɴ磡
𣬱嶯롣
һģӡֵܣһǳֱǣһǣͬģһԸ𱬣һԸƽ͡
ؽڶ㣬ҲʵǿߣͨϽ޼䣬ҪԲһжҲҪķ൱Ӯ¡
ٺҲûãΪǻþ
ңߵĻþ
һԪĻþߵĻþ仯Ҳ󣬽þʵ־Ŀ⣬Խþ߱ʵҲ൱Ҫ
ȻһַѾ롣
ߵ־ؽڶַ弸Ƕ⣬Բþ߻þʵҪַЩ͡
ʱԴ⣬õó֡
ʶַѡ
һΡ
ˡ
ࡣ
ࣿ
ף࡭Щ졣
ֱɻ䣬ŸռַӰ֣˲ԾҲͽɫʵݻþ֮䡣
ֱӡϡ㡣
Щ
Ǳˣ磡ֱ
ʱַ߲ݣþȻãͣٵĻһ֡һ֡ؿʼšԼַӰ߲ɫ֮Уݻþ֮Źرա
ʱĹرա
ûϵ㿴ϱߣôģ϶ᲽǺ󳾡
Ҫ˷Ѻܶʱ䣬硣ֱõؽڶʱ伫Ǳ˷ѵģѰұʱ䡣
ңִһǿأ
Ÿ˵û仰
ʲô
ôڶ㣬ԡ
㣡
ϷɫȻõ߲ݣֱɴ۾ǻ񣬸սݼ䡣
̫죡



2831 δ̫ˣ
˿Ӱַػ־֮Ǽرġ
þƣ縡ƣַĿǰʵ硣ӰֵĲٿӰΣԴ껹Դƣַ嶼Ѵﵽ۷Ԫ¡
ٲǹȥֻԴַ塣
䣡ٴɺɱػӰַܿĲ㣬ֽ㡭
ȫûѶȡ
ڵַ壬ǿ
ǿƵıֱ֣ߵֱ
̫ˡ
磬ô
ܰɡ
൱ˣ
߲ϣȥǿʮԽϲʬԽ٣ⲻϲѶȵͣǡǡ෴ΪԽѶԽߣЩ߸˵߲㡣
ʬףֻһߡ
ڣ߲ˡеϢ
ǿֱ࣬˫ͫ⡣
ǿϧǿߣһ߲֮㣬ֱûǸԶھĴ磬˵ˡ
ûˡ̾Ϣ
Ҫôֱѯʴ硣
⡭¶֮ɫ롣
ô˵磿ֱߴٵҪɾ͸ɣɾͲɣ
룬롭üͷֱ塣
ܿ졪
ˣ硣ֱƤһ

˶ˣʲô
ֱһĵؿһЦҲãʡǷģҾáûҪϾʵһ֪
ʯҲֱһб


ַ壬ȷʯ
߲ݵˣذڷһʯ߲ΨһıַϤΪʯؽϵ޷봢ָóߵʱֱп
ûȥ
һδֱַ廹ͦġ
ҪҲ
ڵַ壬ɲؽڶͨ۷Ԫ۸ġ
һһҪɱ׾١
һ飬ֵõһ顣ַٿʯٷУһóԪ˵̫򵥣δַЩͷۡ
˵ʵַѹûٵõʯ
ڤڤз·עƵģֵõ˵ڶ顣
ԣҺ֮ȷʵЩ˵ԵݡַЦЦԵݣͱ˷ˣߣʯԼҲô
һѾԲڶ飬˭գ
Ҳղ߼ˡ
ǾԼðɡ
һεĻᣬˣڶλַ岻ˡں˺ɫǱõıʵһηԾ
עԼҪõʯ
עԼǿؽһ
һַ̨ȷ㡪
ؽ֮أ

ˡ
߸
֪˭
λǿԴӦϹƵı仯ƬӵͼϣǵŨŨһʣǿԴ̨ǰ׹˸һӰ֡
ⲻǡ
ࣿ
ַ壡
Ȼˡ
ʶַģ١
ڣУַʥ֮սǣϾַֻһࡣǿ߼סַģʮ׷ɱ֮
һս߶סࡣ
ؽһ㣬𾪵ؼַ岢û
̫ˣ
ַֻ֪֪࣬ģֻǿߡ
ԲԶ
ҵһʯԲַ緽ʽֱַ塣
ԡַ
Բ

һƥڶԲҲ֪ÿ޻ǸЦķ27000Դҵַһʯ
һתַּۣһ飿
ʲô
֪Ͳˡ
ţԲһӲû
δ̫ˣ
ӰസԲʶġʱַ壬һƬ֮أ·ͺһ̨˸λ
߸λ˸Űɫâɼһǿյġ
ԼλĿͬʱ۽
ÿһʵǷǷ
ַʶӰസԲ˵ߣ˺ڶַ֮ߣַǲʶ
һӰַ弫ΪϤ
Զ
̫йһ֮ԵַԶӰһսӶ˴˼ѹֻһӵ
ǵӶǿħǹԪֻ±Զǿת
˫ĿӣԶȻЦ
ַ壬ܿġ
һؽ֮أַ޴ӡ
δСַ壬ַɱʥԶǸ˲õ࣬ȵյĻȪӦ
ַ֪һ
ԣĵȴ
գȵˡ



2832 ڰ˸λ
ַƽ
ƽԼϡ
κʱԶȲεǿߣַ˵һѣǵУްԵĴڡ
ջȪ֮ԱɱıԶ
·ַ꣬û˿Ļҽš
ΪţڵԼѾ㹻ʵԱ¶֡ԭѾõԶ
֮Ĵбûޡ
ֻҪﵽ׼ʵնʯлõؽĴб
ǿߣַס
Ϊǿߣڣʵġ
ˣڣַԲ֪ǿߵϣߣҶԼ֮ġ
УǿһȣԵܹʵӰڲ֮䡣Բѷһüŵߣвơ
Ϊ֮ߣؽߴռһЩơ
ʶԲ϶ؽ֮غͬвСơ
ԣЩУпܵõ֮бģǰˡַ
Ͽô˵Բ˭Ҳ֪ʯȫᷢʲôҲ֪֮ʲôʲôĿںĵش
˭пܣܵõҲ䡣
ҾõڶֿԻһЩ
Բ俪Цַ֪ؽǰοΪµѶϢô٣ԪҲڰѶϢû¡
кܴܣǽؽ֮صǿȫ䡣
ǿȻ޷˵ؽ롣
Ǻɺǿ֮·
ֻһ˿ϣֻҪܵõ֮׵Ĵбؽһɳ죡
һǿߣԲηη
ԲͻȻʵ
ôңַЦ
Բ֮⣬ǿ߶Բͬĳڣϣ֮أ˭Ҳ˭֮ǰŵù
ַЦЦã˵ҺԶ𡣡
̫Ǹô֪ˡԲҽʱϣҶ㡣
ǿԡַӦС
Լûʲô
Բһ֪ǿߵĸѶϢַ˵ҲҪʱǾ֣˭Ҳ˭
ڰ˸λٳδߡ
ַҲţһһĵȴ˸λ൱ڰ˿ʯտʼȷ׵ãϾǿ࣬ʯҲࡣ
ԽǿԽ٣ʯҲ١
ֻʣΨһһʯҪټؽڶѰңΪѡ
ʣʯǿߣ࣬ԲԣһֵܣͬˣѰʯ䡣
һüţܹؽڶ㶼ǿߴڡ
ǿģѾˡ
ʱ䣬š
ǿ߽ļ٣ΨַȻԵá
ˡַ峤һԴϿճһֻĴģȣԵףһͻõǿɷ
һԴԴ
ɷɷɾɷɷ
ÿһأʮ
ʩչԴֻʩչɷ
Դʩչصġɾɷ
ַԴǿɱ䣬Բࡣ
Դ겻ɱ䣬ǿ۷ԪΣʩչġɾɷ
Ȼǵʩչޡ
ޣԴʩչԴʩչġɾɷԴʩչǿġɷ
ȿﱦԴԴաַ֪ܿ״̬
һصĵɷ򵥣Ҳա
ڶصɷһѶȣƾ100Դַ꣬Ҳڶ̶ʱա
صɾɷ֡
~~޾׹ַһ״̬ѾµĹӣԭҰ֮ػһ
Ĺһ壬γһֻͫ
ʱ䣬ԴҺɫͫŹ϶ص
ԭյĵڰ˸λһӰ߸ǿַ߰Ŀȥһâ޽üϵĶ̽΢¶ɡͷһīɫļơ
ɱڣսԵ
ؿڵսϣľӱ־
ءַ᲻ʶһֱ׷ɱԼĵʮŵǿߣ۷Ԫս㲻ǿ
ܻһʯ̤ϵڰ˸λҲʵ顣
ַ壡۾𣬾š
˼棬ۺ죡
~~~~~~
صȫ뼯޴ĸ̨·Զŵ룬¡һֻҺɫֳͫһģӰ



2833 ŭҲ
ҺɫͫģӰŤ
ֻǾһƳַؽڶμ񣬾̬ȻͬģȷʵһģһǰŤӰޱȵơ
֮

Һɫͫֱ
ձúڰɫâǼʧ·𱻻Һɫͫûԭյİ˸λ֪ʧƬռһֻʣޱȵĺڰ

һĿ⣬衣
ԭ̨ϰ˸λǿ߻ɣ˴޷Ӵ˴ˣϢȴͬʱͬһƬκ
̤
ַ˲ӦֻһŲԲԡ
ﬣԲֱֻ۾֣ѹѳǹݺᣬɫֳһȦԼַػС
űδӣ˴˽ǻһЦ
ϣʮĬ
üͷһ壬ԥǷûַ壬ԲķӦֱӱͷһжûȤοǰʲôҲȫȻδ֪
ַ塮ԹԶɫƽͷ·ûַƵģ㲻Ϊ
ˣڣӰസʱҲɫء
¡¡~~
ɫռڣٿ㣬޴˷
Ϥ
ǣַ˫һǱظǵɴ۾ҧÿֱ죬˷ٵϢ¡
ΪЩݺݽѵһ٣
۽ش
ˡַԶԶǼ˵ĵ;ľһģһ޴Σֲͷַҿ϶߸ǿߣҪɱЩҲǼ׵¡
С
δ
һ̶֮ž˵ļ̤Ҳַ֮ͬǷǳϤ
𡣡Բ̶Ҳǿ̹ģǱԶസһƬɭ޵Ƕ
⣡⣡⣡
Ī٣Źĳ֣ϢҲͬһɲǽ٣Ӱ˺ڽ΢΢һġ鷳
־һֻֻɫͫͫϷһǣͺө˸Źâÿһιâһ־ĳ
ЩַͫδսвСġ
˸ǿߣ־ߵַ֮һ
ַ屾־ԴͫĹȰ˲١
ಣ
ȷӦӰɫСӰ˲䱬ٶȣκηֱӳǰҹе飬Ӱȡ
ĺǰ
ַֹ˸ǿȫˡ
Ҳ֮ж̩ɽǰ治ɫ΢ЦԵüаգӰйͬ˸עصķ
ߣ
á
Բַǰ˸ǿУĬġ
ӰķӦǷ棬ֻ²ԲӦ䣬Ϊ㲻֪жҲǿһжΪҶΡ
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ǵ·ңԶĹȥַ·޾δ
Լ
֮֮
û·ԥ
ԲǰѳǹŹ⽣趯ӲɱһѪ·ԹԲϤϴͫԲ־Ҳǲס
Ψ
ˡ
䣡ըĹ˵ķԲ˸һӲɫ䣬ȫҲﵽߵĹȴֻǱ˾ˡ
εȿֲ
ǰľԶʹֻͫġҲӦУ亦ıأľСӣݺݵر˽ѵһ١
ǵ˼ʥصʱۿ񻯱ŭʱʵǺ㤡
ʮ١ٿȻһϤĳ֣ԲǰһУֻԭ޿ƥеľ˾ͻȻԭأʯмڵأ˫ͫ롣
⣡
ߣַԲһ飬˲ʱȻ
ˣȻ»
Ŷ
ʲô
ֹԲڣസصҲߡ澰¶֮ɫַ塣أֻ۾ɵñȵ
һ̣ô᲻ף
ŭҲҧгݣоַֻˡضԸˣԣ֮ǰʥصĺȫַɵġ
ȴҪ
̫Ҫˣ
ŭأ˲ʱ
봥ͫ޽һ˺ѵĺۼǴƿռ䣬ֱɱַ塣³ɺޣȫӿϣʲô֮Ĵбȫں
Ҫֻһ¡
ɱַ壡



2834 ӭ֮
Դǵ죡
Ρ־֮أطѵĵһʱ䣬ַһԲܱȴйһ롣
ַԴǿ
ʮŵľӢȫ֮£ַ־֮ǡҡ󣬸ֲûԴӴӵ¡
һεĶ֣Ҳ򵥡
صʵȳǿ߲㡣
ңֹǿԴ־Ҳ൱ǿҪǡ棬ǿַһ
ƽɫĶԿ
ַҵԴԱˣţս룬չⲫʵ϶ַ岻
һǴһġ
ҹ֮ƣһ٣ٶ˥ߣһιͱֵصȻһѹȣΪǿߣغơ
ռˣͻȹƣһһ
غģһַܽܣ
һԴʧܣַ岻뼫Ϊ棬Ԫˣʱɱַؽֵ
ڴʱ
룡һɲĵӣֱëȻΣյľ裬ؼʶطӦԴĿѳֵסǴ̾˵һǹ
Բ
Ȼֱأַʱ䲻̣Բ֪ƣַܣԪˡ
ǣͬˡ
ۣԲͻĹôֲػҷѪĽ˲ᡣǿԲ״̬µһһҲδصס˵ڡ
Ⲣģ˺ԴԲĹַ֮ŵƽ⡣
ԭ΢΢бӣַȫбת
䣡
ַԲŹȻᣬȫǺؼʵķڳǽϴһȱڣȻСԸıս
㣡Ȼ޴־֮ѹԴϾ˸ǣʱѹǰδеģо˿־壬ԱоĿ־塣
ԴһССĻࡣ
һԴﱻƣȴĽ֮֡
һ̣Щڣղ̫嶯
ǼԲĴڣһֻɱַΪֵܱȴ
ɶ񣡡ҧصֵƣѲά裬ء־֮һδεһԴȱԽԽԴ͸߽ķ
ۼ߼߽⣬ٿһȴǽ١
~~
һɲǣʱֹͣ
Բɫ΢䣬ɫҫһ޴Ƶַǰ˲䡮һȻըѣַ˫漴ջعѸٺ󳷡
ԶһӰȨһ㣬â֡
߳
ʱӨһ㣬ڵ㻺УӴ˲ıըȴǼ˿ֲ
Ⱥˡ
أԲһεķַʳԴָԴͬʱԲһȥȻϧ޷ɱء
ৣ
ɫ԰ףգתͷǵӰִȨȣͫ΢΢ϹŴݵЦƺһж֮С
󣬾޴ʱֹƿÿһʱ䡣
Զ
Ϊʲôңʵ
˵ĵˣѡԶƮ죺ҺĿһ
ҲҪɱַ壿ü
ǡԶشܼࡣ
Ϊʲôʵ
㲻֪ԶԲϣֻƾһ֮ܶԸΨһķң֡
ɫãΪʲôҪ㣿
Ϊ㲻òš

ϣǴ
ĿǰĻϲֹɸɱˣܽʡַԲϣغԶ֮സҲ
˸ǿлʵǿΪŵģǹƥǰ
ӰͰˡ
һùһأ޷죬߶Ϊ߰мϣȷʵǵʵôҲܴˡ𡢴֮ͫ
ֻԺķһˡ
ৣ
һ뿪ƬڰģӰ
ҪԸˣԱܹ˵Ĺٶȸǿ֮һڰգ֮С
ڶģǰˡ
ַԲ
ԸˣַлԸַԲо飬ߣռ˺ܴơ
ޣţ
սƬµأַԲǾ治ѡ
ӭ֮
ԺУٿ֮𵴲
ķѱ硣
룬ȥ֮顭
ǽҡ



2835 
һһ䣬Ժ֮ȥ
ΡӰգ֮ɣǰȻһ䣬һƬ޾֮أۿȥûб߽磬ǰа˸ѷա
̣̣~
ÿһգ̲ǿ
͸գܿо±ãԴȪߵâ֮γɶط羰ߡ
ƺ֮Ŀ顣Բ
û·ַ廷ܣƬ֮յĽǶ˸磬ʵϣӹۣؽռһ·
Ҫȥֻмǰߡ
ӰѾ롣Բ֪
ַͷ
ԼԲںڰУǿһһ˦ڣΨӰʼδȻٶȱԼ졣
ңǰ˸磬ֻߵâÿһâ͸ֻҪܽ롣
ÿһ磬񶼲ͬԲ
һغԴһغԴ˳ĹâַܿбɽһǣҲܸо
֮ʱ֮ѵһС
˸磬֮ġ
ֱǡԲע⵽磬ѷϵĶرʶ˸磬ֱǸѷâ¡
ޣַҲע⵽ˣֱ֪к;
ԥ䣬ٿһŤֳһָ΢ΣǵҲַһ΢΢죬Ц̣âţַԲ
λ湻ġЦе˹
޵⣬֮ǰںڰв˴ҲûκײҲûͻ
ˡԲк
Ҳ˵ͷĿַ壺СѺǿ־
ַͰ˻һۣ˴˽ΪߣӦЦеİˣ־Լ֮£ʵɲ⡣
ร䣬磬
ַԲҲż˸磬⣬һܲѡ磬ĸǿδȫѡء
͸Ĺ⣬ܿһ֣Ҳܸо
ѡǺܺõϡ
ϾֻҪһ֮ɡ
~~һַ֣΢Ŀ򰲵ˣֻѷµĶر־ϣܴ־
һһ
ٶĿ죬ÿһ־ȫƺ̲ʲôݡ
~Բ氲ˣһһ̽ر־ıȴһĪͷδ־κηӦ
Դ
Ҫ߲
ַ̤ǰһһ־ǼоȻԴԺֳһĨѶϢ
֮ȣ10Ԫ
ţ
ַ֮΢Ҳ磬Դӿ֡
֮еȣ100Ԫ
㲻𣬸ߵȣ1000Ԫ
棬ޣ10000Ԫ
ַ̽һߵĸ磬оʺţȫ֪ʲô˼ҲҪ½ۣԲкĿУַ̽һĸ硣
֮꣬ȣ10Ԫ
㣬еȣ100Ԫ
֮ߵȣ1000Ԫ
֣ޣ10000Ԫ

˸磬Ȼͬ
ַ²˸һغԴһ߹غԴЩжܿá
ֻȣеȣߵȣޣͺļԪʱʲôϵ
ҾãȣеȣߵȺͼޣӦǻ֮ѶȡԲ˴ǺϵַԲԲ
Ҷ˶뷨˼ѡ
Ժʱ䣬Ӧʱ
ѶԽߣʱԽ
ַ˼
ԲҲȫ϶
ˣÿһؽ翪ʱǹ̶ġЦеʱָʱ䣬ʱ䡣
ҲʱٲͬԲʵ
˷һӣԣ羭ʱȷʵɣλǣϵһ
£ʧ
˸磬ߵâʱֻʣ
Ӧûô򵥡Բüͷ˽δΪ˽ѡ
ַͷֻǵѶֵĻȻѡѶ͵һƻܴ󡣲ҲпܾôѡѶȸ߸ʱһЩ
֮˼²͸ԲЦ
Ƭַ̣Բ߰ɣ֪Ķ֪ˣƴһƴֱ
Ҳѡˣǿ׷ˡԲһͫһĨ⣬һ⣬硣
ַһЦҲǽС



2836 ֮
˸磬Է֡
ӰԲѡģԴһߵ磬˺ַѡģԴһߵ硣
аѡ㣬ַ忼Ǻܾãѡ֮
Ϊȱѡȡʶַ忼ǵʵֻгȵġ֮ꡯ͸ߵȵġ֮Ѷߵַ֣ѡΧ
һ֪ȥѡ޲ΣǲǺѶйأǲǵġ
ַҲãѡȨǴڵģȻ֮ǰڰյĴھûˡ
ʵǿߣѡĹȷ
֮ԥַʵҲûеȵġ㡯ʶ㱻ѡȡҲûʲôӰ졣ַ巴ϣѡ֮֮֮һͲҪԥˡ
֮꣬ʺԴйء
֮Դйء
ĿǰĲ²ȡеȡߵȴѶȣ֮ļԪʱޡ
ˣͨѵѡѡȵġ֮ꡯַ屾Դﵽ۷Ԫٱ
Դɱ䲻ãһƬδصȻ޼ߣͨõ֮ԣʵǲġ
ѶΪߵȡ
ԲǳѶȵġ֮
ӰеѶȵġ֮
ߣѡ˿ѶԵ͵ġ
ˣѡҲеѶȡ
ѡ
ѶȵͣаߣѶ̫ߣһѡ󣬺ΣӹѡĿǰһ֪ľʡ
ʶַѡ˸ߵѶȡ
һ棬ַҲԼԴģʱò֮飬1000Ԫʱޡϣַѡ֮ԭ
Ҫʱ䡣
ˡַ磬֮İ˸֮һһ磬һɫ硣
û½أֻвԴĺ

ƽϿգԴ
УԴ
߾ͺദںһ𣬹Ĺ
֮͸âܿÿһıɽһǣַ֮ϵ
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ַͣ˲ˮ
һ֮оһɰۻϢԴڿտҲַҿ϶ֻһ˲䣬ܲ
ԼֹʩչԴҪ˼κ
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ԼʩչԴģֻĿ֮Դ֮ǿ±Լʤ֮ʩչԴδֵúá
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ţַ彥ܵѹƬ֮
ˮۻ룬Ҳбףȷ˲䲹ԼԴҲܳԼԴ
ͺһٸˮͬʱˮ㹻󣬳ǿû⣬ײһٸˮ˲ĳὫֱӳ̮
ңԶֹһٸˮܡ
Խ֮ѹԽ󣬴һٸˮӵһǧһ
ʮ
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2849 ɾĺ
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2850 ʮ
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2851 Ϣɣ
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2852 ǲ
ԭ֮˰˸硣ʮʱŰ˸磬ճֻ֮֮δΪ֮ȫȡߡ
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2853 ҽΪǿ
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2854 
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10000Ԫ֮Ҫ10ʱ䣬ַԲżŪĴϵپô
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ѶȣǼԴȫУѶ൱󡣡
һ磬䱾ʶǡޡΪԴǿԴڲͬĽս
һ㣬ַδԹġ
֮ǰԴ֮ҲãԴҲãǵһĵ·
ڣȴԡԴΪԴ
ַ֪ɹ֮Ԥ֮ǰ֮һһһ߱Դϡ
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㵽һŶ츳б𣬲ʺ֮·޶־Ҫܸߡ
ʱ䣬ҲȵһŸר
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ںϣҪһ
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طַԾãͬʱõĻƬ޴
ԴΪεεľ״ʣѪԴ֮ǿͺھɽƣһ꣬һ
طͺھɽطҲͬΪط
ھɽطϱԴԴ
طϱԴ
ѶȣҲһַпȫ޷طȻԼھɽطԲطȻ
ͬķ֧
лһСֿԽ
ܽʡʱ䡣
ȡ֮飬ַ岻ż
֮ĥȡȡ֮ʵǴҪ֮֮ԻΪѡһߡ
һڶֵ֮Ŀġ
ߣȻͬޣΪԴһһƽӹҲͻ
ԣֻҪʵ㹻ʵ֮鲢¡
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ַԲ
ΪĲۺԴһΡ֮ȡãǺܹ죿
ң֮͸âЩǿڵ򣬳žԴ
ȥЩǿսޣһߵĹʽԼ൱
ǻأ
磬ײʲôܣ
ַܺ档
ʮﱳ󣬷ٶɿ˲ƣһˮַһĵȴţδ֪ڴ
ûеȺܾá
ܿ죬ַӭĵһս



2855 еб
Ž֮ʹ塣
֮͸âַ֪Ⱥֱڤ壬ħ弰ʹ壬ֻǲ֪Ⱥλںδ
ʹ弫ױϣӽɷֱ档
ǣӵпȴߵ֮
̲ԴԽӴԽ࣬ԴԽۺ֮Խǿ֮ϢϢء
ԽǿԽ֮Խǿ
ȺУʹӵǿǵ㲻Ψдݻٻǵ棬ɽǻɱ
Ȼ㽫ǵȥǧ飬ֻҪڣʹȻ
Ϊ׵İʹһʹַ岻ɷ˵رޱ飬սʿʹʹõı˫ֹ⽣͸ɫս
ַ֮ͬǵһʹս
ʹ¥еƣֻ¥ƫޣʹƫսƺδ̫ط޸Դ츳

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ӰֻһӰ赭дر㽫Ϊװʹɱ֮׻ɱĿһ
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ģֱն顣
ϣϡʮſ๣ҧʹĽ̲صԴգ¶Цݣ߿˵ζʳ
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µ磬ܴ󱥿ڸʮǳˬ졣
ебַЦԷǣȻյܸоЩףҲΨʮôԼ²ȥ֡
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ò˵ѶȵĿ¡
Ǹս֮ʱԼϾ͵ӣܲ߻δ֪֮ڣûʮƾԼһˣҪһʹ壬ҲЩѾ
ңûꡣַüͷ΢š
Լս޷ʩչǿԴԴ־ȵȣʹĺǵУǺ
Ҫɱˣֻ
﹥Ҳһ֡
һսȻ׻ʤַ˵ʵһϢ
ֵľ޷ʩչսųɡ
֮ʹĵ̣鷳ˡַипʮȴѹӣչ߷ɣոճԱоûʹ޲ٶսٻغϡ
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һεʹʵ࣬ʹҲʹַδ֣ʮһ৵ȫ
ʮӴκͿ¹ǰʹ岻һ
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֮һֱսϢЩʹսԼʵû̫Դ
ȻʮԸ£ȥڡ
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һ룬ЧҲɹ۵ġ

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ʹǿ߻̶ʵΣǿδַ֪ʮʹ϶ǴڵģʵԼ޷ʩչԴȻѷɫһȡ
ʮڣַҲģ򲻹ӣʹٶȺͿռ裬ʮȲԶˡ
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ַţʮﵽҷɣѰʹټȴ·ͻȻʧȥӰʹǿ߶δֱʮ
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εĲܴ
Īǡַ֮һݣٿԶһڹɳ۶ϢűԴ⣬¡
Ⱥ֮һħ壡



2856 Ҳûζ
䣡䣡䣡
ħǿȭȭ⣬ˣǺʹͬо޴ֻǺɫģɫҲ̲ͬžտԴ
ûʹôǿ֮棬ȴһǿ
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Ǵߵ֮
ӵȶ棬ܱ֮Ǵߵı־ÿһιͬײȶǿȡ
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ǵ֮ʹ֮һ
û꣬дߵַҲ꣬ûûʶҰ޶磬Ұбܣħʹֻһǡ
Ǹ֮սս
ϣգʮҧī¶֮ɫоܣɱĿóԶˣ~~ޡ̫óˡ
ַһЦ
֮ʮֻܳĿ壬޾ԪһֱԣҲûζˡ
ʹĽħīͬԴֻ̬ͬʮ˵ͺһģһ̵ģζͬóԡ
ܱûζĿζˡ
Ϊ̲űԴʮյġ
ɾʮ㰡ַʮŸոճ꣬ī๣ֿʼгۣٶ֮̾Ϊֹռʮѡµ·ߡ
ҲȺйطΧ
壬òµĿζʮá
򲻸񣬺ܿʮҵһħ壬ħֱͣʮֵ쳤Х
һһ
ʮԵĹ񫣬ַҲɣԼ˵Щôʮ뿪֮ʱ¥е¥ĸԼ
Сһ㡣ַ嶣
֮ǰʹس۳Ҳͬħϵħǿߣһαһθǿħ͵ԽԽࡣ
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ɱʹħǿߣȻһ壬ûκ⡣
ԣ֮ڣ
ֻΪĥɱ¾Ϊսս
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δڤ壬Щжֻǲ²׶ΣַҲ֪Լֻıɽһǣ½̫硣
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ңԼڽӴʹħ壬ֻһС֡
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սԽԽƵ
ʮɱԵҲ𾢣ַҲʼսϾһħǿߵΧ£뾲ίʵѡ
ˡַоһӴϢĽ١
һɲѷɫʮ
īɫƤħħǿеսףɫüɢŲ̵ɱ⣬֮˫ȭϣīɫȻſա
ʮħͣ
սȫԽ֮
ַɣһʮħͣԺɨ֮
䣡֮ը֣ײʮħ͵īȫչԴ֮չֳ˼µ
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ںϾɷԺھɽط˿˿Ƶĺɫںɫϣ·ԴںϣȻַ岢̫óĿ﹥Ҳͨߡ
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ַ֮ǰСɵĺھɽطͺɨ֮Բ
䣡䣡
ʮħһ˫ħȭԹԹá
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ʮħÿһħȭĹأīΪԴÿһȭԵ쳣Ȼûʲô·һʮᣬƳǧӰĹȴǡá
ַ尵ݣ޷ħǿʩչԴ﹥ѾԼǿ



2857 ļ
Ӱʧ
ȡַ֮еģһɢɫӫʮűɫһ壬ַӺɫǱõһԴ

ַ֮һС
ƿضȣԶǿӰ֡ϾǺԴļӳʹ乥вޣֵĹֲӰһ
Թ
ļ˲仯ĽɫʮһߣԴԴ͸ۡ
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ھɽطһʩչ
ǿǿھɽطǿڹԭļҪǧӰǿ幥һ㣬ʮħеһȡ
ޣʮһԿ֡
ļٶȣܿ졣
ַƿضԲȫƿļʮһۿԶʱȫܱܿ
ʮħͲʮ
ȷǿ
ȻʮħͲǻۣļĹֱħȭӲ
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ಣַ֣˲ʱһʮħʹϢʱ䣬߱һ֪ʹΪӶһ˫ħȭīչٹַ塣

һΣһΡ
ʮħȫͨһδιˣˣɫü䣬Ű쳣ƾ޷ӽַ塣
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ԴϺھɽطټַԴ꣬ѹ
ַһνʮħͻˣʱʮħ˼أԲϷַ壬·ҪַʬΡ
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꣡ɱʮצֱӽͷ­ץ飬һţҧɢžīϵؾ׽Ͼ㡣
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ôȲ𡣡ַʮ˵
ٴȥ˷ѹˡʮһ۵ȫī޲ȫߣԴйһҲ˷ѡ
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ʮʵַҲܺ棬ֻ֪¥һǿţǿ̶ֳȣַ岻֪ҲûʲôܱƳʮʩչȫ
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һСС磬ʮﲻԸ⡣
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ʮɱʮħͣԼЧʸ߶ˡ
ʵȷʵʮħ֮ϡ
ʵ޼
ʮʶǻۣʮħ̫塣
Լļɱһʮħֻܶȴ޷ôֻһδεӲƴĹ࣬ʮһצɱ
һսҲˡ
ʮȫץסʮħ͵㣬ϳƾɫսѸٻɱ
¥һţȷ˵
ʮĹ۲ǿַȫԹۿʮֻǿһԼʮħ͵սȫʮħ͵㣬൱
ĿҧžīʮַݸһЦ
Լƺһ
֮ĸӦһڵԼԲʮĶ֡ãΪʮԼİ֣ԽǿԼԽǿ
ԡ
ʮħͣԲħǿġ
ַꡣ
ǰʮ˵бǿʮ֮죬ԼҲܳǿ
ȻѶк塣
10000Ԫк壿
ǿʮħôַҡҡͷδ潻ʱ
̽ħأҲ
¹ؼǽŪǺ׼Ĺ¾룬ַ岻ðգ10000Ԫľ޴ʱޣûҪôƴ
һһȵߣʡ
ҵڤ塣ֱַ壬ڤпܲ桮Ѷȡܡ



2858 Ҳڤ
ȥڤ塮鷳ַ壬лζʳʮɳѰԪ֮ãȴȻ䷢֡
ʲôûС
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ƺֳɺڰ棬һʹͳΣһħϽȺڤ塯ӰӶû
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ôԪȥַѽĺˮһС룬Դ֮巢ɱ䣬Դɱһ
ͬԴ̲غɫԴ̲֮صɫ
ܶ㡣ʮŬŬ๣˸֮ɫþûԵںͰװ۳ˡ
ַȻʧЦڤû
֮âڤ壬һֺȺ֣黯㣬ɫļһħеħĺ壬óսȴΪǿ󣬲ߡ
ڤ壬ʹ塢ħٲȻǲͬġ
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˵ڤδʹ塢ħ棬Ҳռһϯ֮أַʮ̽˳ɵ棬ʹ塢ħǿ߻ɱȴһڤǿ߶δ
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һ֣ǲʹħϳ
ڶ֣ܣڤĲ֮ܿĳЩĵطؽһҪضܽ롣
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һΨǸӦɣǿϢܽѰΪ10000Ԫ
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˵ǵһֿܾǵڶֿܡ
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ڤ壬ȷһߡ
Ҫһʱ㲻Ҫ̫ڷǻԡַʮ˵ʹħصı߽磬ǿ߳û١

ʮ˿ã
ټԪɡַԼҲȷչΪط֮ǰھɽطӸ򵽴ԲټԪطӦҲ١
Ͼߣط
ҪʹħĳѨսʮǿߣ׵£ַҲûʮԼ
Ҫӵʵ֮Ѻܶࡣ
ƾھɽط﹥ǿɱʮǿߣǽԼͻԴԴϣԴƣ﹥ӽޣǱĩá
Դ֮Դȷ·
ԼڽսһѾܶࡣ
Դһ츳δܳԴԴ
ʱ䣬֮ʮ
ң档
ʹǿ߽սʱַ͸оˣڶԷѹ£ԼʵҪ࣬Դ𣬶ᳬڶӵϢģԼ̫ۡ
֮ǰ֮޷棬ΪԴһǷȱ
ڣȫԡ
ҪĵģȻûиϡСλ򣬵ԼԴȻɣнķ
ֻɡ

ʮ￪ʼԣַıϸ磬
ԭξֵʮһ峤ɿһݣʮųǿԸҪİȫ⡣
ϣһְʹͰħͣΪϡ٣˵ʮǿߣʮʵȫӦ
ַ岻ʮ룬Ϊһʮǿ߽ʮҲ޷׻ʤԻܵӰ죬жϣǺ鷳ġ
ڰµǿߣʮһӳ򣬿ռиֱնɱ
һһ
ʮĺ൱һƶıȫû⡣ַʮڷǻҲһϣܷڤڡ
ʲôĻȥʹħϳߵĿġ
ֻ˳Ϊַ岢ûб̫ϣ
ؼҪ



2859 ̫

~~~~
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ټԪʮȲЦʮǿߵζǿǳǿʮֹοڱ߽ϣǿ߶С
ܿ磬ʮȫٶȱ
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ǰ˲һӹҫõʹ壬⽣ոҫ߸ϵʥ໯覣ַսȾһĨ֮ɫ֣ٿء
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ԼֻԵɱʹֲԽ
ʮȷʵͦãȫܻɱʮǿߣټԪԹʮǿߣצùַҲЩΣȷʵ
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ʹħҲȷʵû꣬Ƿ·ΪڶڣַԲ֪֮⡣
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Ӱһ⣬սžɫĹâӰСȴȻоɱַѪš
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ս¶ɡ
̫һУʵ



2860 һ֣
ַǱ޵ԪķʱģȲҲط棬ǡ
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СⶼǿֶΡ
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ԡַкִǰһʱʱΪһֱ׷ɱûʱˣΨ߽ݾ뵽ݾԽԽԶԶԶؽ
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䣡սҪӶǿֻƾԴĲʱѴɱķһ֮·ַÿһսԶ빥˽ӴΪǡ
һһܴɱķ
һԶֻ࣬жԶܶԶ
ڣʮʹǿ߶Уʩչֻ̫һУʵ̫е⾳֮ԴҲַϰһС
ӹȴ
߳߳߳
磬ҫԴйַ֮δԹˬսطַս
һ֣ʮ۽硣
ԭΪַֻԴ﹥ͳǿߣȴû뵽ôţʮ￴ַڵĽȻֲڣѲȿ﹥ˡ
֮һȫλͨĳޡʮַ
ͨ޺ͳޣʵܴ
ʮ˵ͨޣΪ귽Ľϡ
սһ˲ѽ
ʹַǰһʹֵһᣬȫͳģʮֵÿҧŰװ۵֮
ãδԵôˬˡ
ϲʹʹżаʹ֣Ҳһ磬˾ûˣζǣֱʮüЦ
״ַ̬սоŵѪ
սԶ빥ȻֹͬǹʽĸܡԼսġϵԲͷ·ʶһ޷սнĬ
Ҫһһε֮ս
ַ岻ġ
սв١
ѵ֮ʵս
ΨͨʵսУ߾磬սǿߣԴʽȫͬ
ѪҺѷڣַԲͣ
ûǻ۵ʹ壬ʩչʲôıƣ֯ǿߴ۱ɱ٣ǶһԼлһַ弫ʶȡ
ʹ幥ǿ俰ȴߣַҲֻѷɫʹǿķַƶĹǰǡ
ַΪģһֱǹ
߳ϣɱ¾޾ʮ󱥿ڸַǰսʮںֱܳԣͺһֻսϼ©ĳͷʵʵ൱ǿ
Ҫַ嶼֡
ʮﲢҪͨʵսֻҪϳԾУ֮ǰַ屩˷ʹսͷ˻ʡ֡
˰Ƥ⡣
롣
ַսȼգս֮ϵܣĽսһδʹǿߵĽ
Ԥһģһ
ټԪַҪ㹻ʵսǱȫͷţ
һһΡ
ٳսַһǿС
ʮʹ
գԿ﹥Ĳɱʮʹӫտտ滹֮Ȱʹǿöַ࣬ʮŵؿţַַ֣һ˷ζ
ʮ
ʮ๣¿ˮоǿ
кþûԹ̫ͣˡ
̫һУʵ
ӹ
ַ彫̫еĻ⾳ӵ쾡£Լȴʦ̫ıѪڻͨȫ⾳ַ쵶޾档
ʶ⾳ǳԣġʵַһС
ϾڻȽǳ
ʲôǳõķ
ⲻַֻһУʵ̫УټԪַȫա
һëΡʮʹ˫ֹ⽣ǿַ漴ʩչصܲ͸磬᲻ʮʹ֪Լַ壬ڷ¹๦
ҷܴɱĹ
ͼذʮʹĹ֮ĩ֣֮һ̲âҫ͸ʮʹķͷ­͵ն䣬ɾϡ
ɱ
Уַɱǿʮʹֱʮ˫ð⡣
ġˡ



2861 Բ꣬
쵶ն飬ɱΪ׵ʮʹʣİʹͲڻԽʹ룬ʹǿʵԽǿʮʹԤ֮С
Ǹսʱַûʮա
ٳսɱʹǿַ߽սȹ̣һ˽սĸоսѪȼձըĽ׶Ρ
һ̣ܵ
ಣ
ַǰۡ
˺õ״̬˷ѡ
˺õս⣬Ϩ
ޣʮɴ۾ﺬŽδüϸϸƷζ̻ʵ£æظȥһԹ֮ɫ
ܿ죬ʮתԹΪϲΪǰȻʮʹ
һζ裬ʮֵÿȻЩ᲻Щζʮѡ϶ѡʮȡ
ߵĲΣȫͬ
ڳ֮ǰʮﻹЩģܻɱһʮʹ֪Ƿܻɱʮʹĺϻ
һһһԶ¡
Ҿܻɱζ˷ˣ̫ˡ
ܿʮתΪַսɾ䣬ȫʮʹĹʽһɣսһȾ
ʮʹİѹ⽣ַɵ˺Ϊ0
ޡʮ￴۷ֱΪȻڿĹַǲŽĴֲڣʮҲϸ岻ϾΰǱߣ򵥾ȥŤ壬һʩչһ׻ȭ
ˣ
ʮٶ죬ץŽǿҧۼַѸ뿪ʮβˣʲôЦΪѵʮ൱ϸһ⣡
ȵȰַ壡
ûˣһ£
~ʮıԹַȻһЦ׹ȥһָ
Բ꣬ߡ
һʮƨƨˣһִһ֣㲻˷ѡʮüЦֻԼզôôˣ𻹶ںߵİζʮЩõػͷڵѪ
߰ɣǰǡַô᲻֪ʮ롣
ദټԪ̫˽Ƣˡ
ʮЩ̰ԣЩƻͦġ
ʹأʹͺǾӪеСһţëʹսʮʹκһܺɨ֮ǿ
ȻַǰֻĶ
ݼޣ



ַʮ
һһʹ֮ɱʹʮַĵȿ﹥Ҫǿˡ
ϾԴԴ֮ѴﵽҲ۷Ԫı׼⾳ȷҲǣһͿ﹥һġ
ַʼոóսҽսȿ﹥
޵ϵطͺھɽطͬȼΪԲҲû˭ǿ˭ķֱ𣬶ַԣʺϣֻڲͬĹʽ
һһһԶٵһأַϵʮʹԽԽࡣ
սٳǧٵ򳡣ÿһսַ嶼ջ񣬵ҲԴľھս󣬷Ȼɱ䡪
¡ԴĲַָ֪ԼԴﵽһ߶ȣ۷Ԫ޷ﵽĸ߶ȡ
Դ߸ΣʼСɣɣ۷壬£Բ
۷Ԫ𣬶ֻﵽĳ̶ȣΨЩģʵȴߵ۷ԪԴƿزŴﵽ۷塯硣
⣬Ҳַ彫ټԪﵽļޡ
Ҫͻƣַ֪ԼҪʵսĥ¡
Ǽ¾硣ַԲս֪Դ磬һԴﵽ¾磬յأԴʵѾͻƵļ
Բ磬Դƿصյ㣬Ǽеļޡ
ַΡ
һΣ̫֮սӶǿħǹԪԴԲֲ츳ƣӲԶ
ڶΣں̫ԴϯġС赶ݣս
ܿ죬ҿδ佻ַ֣Կ϶ųɣ֮еӰԴҲǴԲ硣
һֽ֮磬°Ͱ࣬ҲܴﵽԲ
ͻƣˮɡ
ַ岢δȥĥԴ磬սУȻȻͻˣо͵ˡ
ˮûַ֪ˮšͷ·ɱĻԼԴͻƣط޵ϵԴľʱ޿š
10000ԪҲпܴﵽ
Բ硣



2862 ʹ峲Ѩ
Դˮطһ֮⾳;ٲά裬⾳ͬΪ߸Σͨ΢£棬Բ
ַڣԴڡĲΡ
ܵ⵶Ѵﵽ⵶⾳УбʹҼ⵶ܡۡ
ǴԲļ⵶Ҳ޷Ͷ̫ȡ
⾳ǿҲҪΪ
ټӲļҲʯͷ
ַǴͷʼ̫ģȻʦָ㣬ʦţпԼ⾳΢£ٵַһһټԪۻ
ͻƶͺһ蹵ǰǿԽ
ַ֪һԼ̫ĸ򲻹һԼԲ㣬޷̵ؿʦ̫⾳һΪԼսǷȱ
ԼԼ⾳
ûа취Ψս
ַʹأĺĳѨشǻûǻ۵ʹڹеأʲôεǿʲôĵ򣬺ٻ⡣
һѵ֮ء
ԼԪĿ
սĬҪս
ԵĸҪս
磬Ҫս
ʮĿͬҪս
ԪʮԪַûͣЪս˵ս˵ϾǰʹʮʹѲַ֡
ڵַ壬ȸʱǿࡣ
һа٣ַ嶼ܽһٸʮʹȫնɱҲơ
ʮʹ̫
̶ĹֶΣѱַ͸
Ϊַ֮峬ԽߵĹǰֽ
ʮĺܣԱ㣬ָﻹд㹻ϸʮԪ뵽ʱԴҧڣٲ˼ҹ롣
100Ԫ
ַɱټԪ
ʹٶ࣬Ҳַɱ˸׳죬ԪַѾҵ󣬵⾳Ҳ£Ѵ벽
ʱˡַһǰ
ӴϢǣ̲ܣַ֪ʹУǷ֮ĵǷ֮Ĵڡ
һյףܿͽ
ʮַտ
ţʮǲַȵս⣬ʮԪҲûôֹڵַͺټԪǰʱ
Ѫڣ
ߣ
ɱȥ
Ȼȴ͸һִּš
Ƿӿ޷Ƶս⣬ʮҲȻĶſ๳Хһݺ᣺ܳʮˣ

ʹ峲Ѩħ峲Ѩ
漫пܲܣҲַһֱδ̽ĵֵһǣֱַ嶼δڤټ·ĲƵġ
ЩַҪǵġ
ʵӲ
㹻ǿʵ淭׳죬ַͲò֮顣
ڤ壬óֵʱȻ֡
ʹ峲Ѩַоһ˿ڲͬϢ仯һص̲ء
ӦþʹصԵɡַף֮Ŀһ
ֹʹ壬ħҲһ޴Ѩ𣬱Ȼһѵ֮أֻԼû롣
ڣһ̽
գ޷ɱ䡣
յ̫٣Ҳҵʹ岻ͬ
ַҲɱ֮壬֮ϢϢأͻƾͻƣͻƵĲ粻ͻơ
ڤôַ岻ȷôҲ񣬽ʹ峲ѨѾնɱüʮʹĶ飬ĵȷȷʹ峲Ѩڤ޹ء
֮УԼڤ壬ʹǵжԹϵ
ħ壬ҲǵжԹϵ
ʹħƺЩϵļ󣬶Ըڤ塣
ڤǿ
ַ֪ԼֻǱɽһǡ
Щ棬֮ܿԼģĻ档ˣôڤп֮µľ֣ؼǿӡ
ֻڣԼ޷͸֮뷨
ȵ͸ʱҲ뿪ˡַ֮廹ĵطͺھɽط׶ط㹻̾Ϊ档
Կ﹥ԣԼֻǿߵս
һںϺھɽطǾǳԽͨߵս
̫
ʶַڶ֮µĴб൱ڴκʵģַ嶼ԼҲǰߣá
֮ĺԲ١
ˡַ˲ͫµʮҲǻһ𣬼ϲڵȵζʳĵ
ʮʹ



2863 ʮʹ
㡣ַУֻʣǰĳȻڣִ޴⽣ʮʹչ˫֮ʥ
ǰ˸ʮʹϵͽ
û⡣ʮ㲻ԥַҲ֮һȻʮȫͬʱӦ˸ʮʹģز¶
Ҳá
иð֣Լʡȴܶ
ʮʹַʵûаգһսʼҪʮʹͺһҪ
ȻԶ޷
Ҿû֮飬ɱʮʹζʹ峲ѨŻ󿪣
Ŀ֮֮ԼռݡΪһǧ
ʹĳѨضá
ַһ̫У͵УԸʹΪãԴҲɺַϲʩչľһС
һʮᣡ
ԾԵѹʹ壬ʮʹ޷ֵ
ʮʹȴסˡ

⽣âʮʹͫɱ¶һֵסһһ̶ֱ˫бʹһַ֪ʮʹöԸ
Ĺʮħͻǿ
˿Ӱַ廹ıھɽطӰ֣һ˿סʮʹĹ⽣š
ؼ汸ȫӰ칥
䣡
һַʮʹ
ǿķһΣַоԼ˶֣ʮʹ֮ʮʹǿö࣬ԼһΣԼ޼ࡣ
ʮʹʮʹǿʮֹ
Ȥַ°ɣʮħͿܻ鷳ʮʹϾʹҲ˵ټԪ·Լ죬ʼóĻǷǹ
ļ
ɷ
ַжٳϵܿѹʮʹֻʣ·زƹʹ壬ַĹ£Щ޼ƿʩ
õķأַ˿ӰʼշַҲûз͵ĺԴսס
Ψн
Ľռս
һս
Ǳߣʮѽ˰˸ʮʹУֻǵ˼ëѣַ²ģʮһֱʵַ֮¡
ͫʮʹʮûȥæΪ֪ⳡսַԼеĿ֮ɫȴΡ
ʮ
սܾá
ʮʹķǿַĹҲûдﵽɻʮʹĵزֻѹԸ
͵һʮħսһĥ
߳սɫ켣ַ˲ı̫УҲǿһС׼նɱʮʹ
ǵ㹻ǿʮʹвΪ̡
رʧʮʹм޵ģʱʮâ롣
ءǰװ׾ʮᣬۼһζַŪ֧飬Ҳ̶ãָоһ֧һ
ڴģ
һεõʮ㡣
ģءַЦſοЩƣһսҲѾȫԸɱʮʹֻǿʤ
ʵԼԶԶ
֤һ¡
ԼѾܹսʤʮʹ
µԴ͵ڽشҵо۴ܻԴȿ﹥ǿˡ
ΧҲҪġ
Ǳߣʮ۵ؿҧӫܱޣ鼫ǸӣַһЦѸٻָĵԴ
ԴָףԼ١
һʮʹԽټһЩδҪľַ¥ĵϸһս
Ȼ¥٣Ҫһսջָһţ̫ݳޡ
Լƣʮʹǧ
ңжԼ˵ֵʮħҪս
ʮʹʵԤʮħַͣûκΰգԼóϹǿʮħͣӮҲȻˡ
ôҲС
ʮħͽսԵ⾳ͻƸ򣬶ܸһ¥ͻƿ
ż
ȺʮʹսվȽŸ
ҵĵ⾳Ѿã㲻ʮħͶսҲкܴͻơ
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ڳѨܻܿʮʹȺӣʱսѹҲпܱƳǱ
ַҪ֪ģǳѨеܡ
Ƿ֮ĵǷ֮Ĵڡ
ܿ죬ͻַ֪һǻָϾսʮʹûˣʮһ漴ַǼ롣



2864 ܱûĳǿ
¿ͷѡ
һζսʮʹкܶ಻㣬кܶڶζսַͽʼշȻȻֻĥʮʹıȵһ߳ɡ
ΣĴΡ
ַܿջɱϣʮʹ滹֮ǿҪѸײڶ֮ٻɱַڵʵ
ࡣ
иǿĹӵ㹻ǿıͻȫͬ
ַսи򵶷⾳
ĿǰǷȱģҲߵģֻҪ⾳ﵽַ׻ɱʮʹȻ
̫̫¡ַ¶ʦ̫δȫ͸ķʱĵһСʵҲֻɡ
ӴɵԲһѡ
ԼĵﵽԲܼ򵥣⾳ĸںϣҲм򵥵öַ࣬в߱ʸ
۽粻ʵҲ
̫ʦ̫漯ĵַ֪ƾڵܴ̫ĵﵽٷ֮һĿܶûС
⾳Ѿ
Ҫﵽǿ֮¡
ͻƣ˲ĳ
ַȻһֱս޷ȷʱŻͻƣһԪʮԪҲܰټԪͻƲˡ
ķ
ƿأԴ涼Ѵﵽǰޣͻ̫ѣԴ磬ַŸɱ¡ҪﵽԲǼΪ֮·
ֻдӵ⾳ͻôַתѰԲصһ۷ԪǿߵĴָϣջǽԴ
ֱȷʵ٣ԴﶼУʱѸսûС
һԴȫͨ޷ӣȻһһôҲûУַʼΪޡ
⾳ĸ򣬲ʵڡ
鸴ӣȴְԹҧŽʮַȻһЦ
Լˡ
ĿǰԼ̶ֳֻȡ
˷Ѿ˷Ѱɣܱûĳǿ

߳߳ϣ
ַĵʮʹսȻ޷;ԹɱʱĽд衯ַ嵶һǧ
ʮʹķǱߡ
ѹַ壬ʶսַ嵶࣬ѹսнһ˵ǿöࡣ
һԶһʱǸࡣ
ѹַ岻Ͻ
̫УԭֻеһСʵɣ಻СɾţڣڶзһëΡҲɡ
õĵСͼذ͵ССɡ
ĺ͵еϣһһأáͼذƿʮʹַ峣õĹֶΡ
߶սûôɡ
Է㣬оӦԡ
ʮʹǣ۶սٴζһʶַܲŻѡɻɱʮʹķ
䣡䣡䣡
ڵĵжﵽСɺַصϰ̫Уǿġ׼񡯣һֻţѾܽӽСɵĵĵС
У˵ǵĺ͵еںϣһ塣
һʼҪֱӸɣѣʶַѡĵУ֮ӵбըĵС
һУĿǰʺϡ
⾳
ǡ֮⾳
ַʦ쵶ʱ⾳׼磬޿һ棬·ʦͻս֮ϡ
ʦġ񡯲Ķ񣬶ǵһơ
һ־޿ɵֵĶ񣡡
䣡
εսݲַսС׼񡯳򣬴Сɡǰʮʹİɫӫ⣬屻ս
߳
һ⾳⡣
ʮʹȻڵϣʮ۷⣬һ⣬ѸʰԴʣɵϲصȥһϸϸƷζ
֮ǰͺи䷹һεδõ״̬Ѿ

޿
С׼񡯴СɺַʮʹϣҲ׻ɱȻԴľ޴󣬵ʮġױ٣һſ¥á
ڼ䣬ҲδĸϵʮʹϣϾʮʹ࣬ҵҲ
ַڵ״̬ĸҲܻɱ
ַʹ峲Ѩ֮ҲĵεڣԽԽָоַϤ֮һģһ
֮
ʹ峲Ѩͷһ֮ĵ񡣡
ַ嵶⾫



2865 ֮Դ
ʮʹࡣ
ʹ峲ѨķֲȵȣַжϳţʹʵǿģʮʹʮʹĻǾ̫ˡ
Ѷȣɡ
Ȼ֮ĵ񡣡ԶԶַѼ֮Ӧһ֮ĵ̲֮һĨʶӦ̡
޴֮һƬ̲Ʋ֮䣬Ե˷롣
ʹ峲Ѩľͷ
һ·һ·ɱʮʹаڶİʹʮʹַ̤Ƭ޾Ʋ֮УŰ
ɫƲУ൱档
Ӽӿ룬ͺھһԼԴ֮壬ַУоϸ΢仯Ȼ
Чġ
һʹǿߵ֮ôôַˣΪԴ֮壬Ѿޣ˿Ȼϸ΢Ч
ԣǿĲ棬ޡ
ԼԴ֮ڵá
ɫƲУ飬֮ġ롯Щ̲ɫƲײЩɫƲм䣬ҲЩвָɫƲ㡣
ͬļ룬ͬĴСͬͬٶȡ
Զ·һεķ磬һſϸСӫӲ֪δɫƲ㣬ȡƲɲͬļ롣
һЩ͸ļУַԿʹǿߵģ
ǣǴƲļз
ԽԽǿʹʵԽǿַһ·͸ļ룬ЩģЩǰģҲЩʮġ
ЩǼ͵ʹ塣
̶ڵλùҹ
ײǸտʼвʢ֮ʱƲĶѾԿһ֣
ޣʮʹ
ʮֻ룬ַżһֻʮʹļ룬͸̶ҪҪ൱ʱ䡣
ʣʹ
ЩɫƲ㣬ƺòߡַһʱͶԽЩɫƲһ壬һǣ޷ȡߡ
Լ֮Ӧķһġ
֮
֮ĿԺܴ󡣡ַһ¶һĨЦݣ֮֮񣬾֮顣
ٽʹʵѶñ֮һΣΪѶȡ
ԼʱҲ֮ʵࡣ
1000Ԫ10000ԪʱַܳǰгţҲżȫһһͻȻĳһʹǿߣǾ鷳ˡ
ŨǿɫƲһС
ʮ̲ܵԴЩʹϲ
ǰ֮ĵԽԽ
ƺЩ΢Ĳͬ
֮ı󣬾һԾ޴İɫậ࣬覡ɴɣ·֮ԴǺԴȴ쳣ء
ַһ
Ծ޴İɫԼĸоʹԴȪɫƲһ룬ǣԾ޴ɫ
ãƺʹ塣
֮Դ
һĻ
ҵõǲǾͿƿʹ壿
ֻ˵ʹ壿
ַͻ롣
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2867 ֮
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ԽˣַԽ볢ԣΪǱĥ¾顣
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2870 ֮ģ
֣Դ硣
һͬǼѶȣͬ10000Ԫʱޣͬǽǿȫ䣬ͬǽַ壬ֵӰ
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2871 ʮ
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Եַʮ￪ģ֤ľȷģȻԼ޽ԼЩʧʮģδ޵Ŀܡ
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֪Լʲôɫ֮Դͺɫ֮Դıַȫ
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ʮͷ֮ĵ񣺡Ǹ⡣
סַ岢ںʧȥ׵ã󣬾Լ֪Թ֮Դ⣬ֵ֪ƣҲһʮ
Ϊʮ˵̫Ҫˡ
жʮħַͣʵ
15ʮﻹ䣬Ӧͺȫͼһÿһ䡣
ʲô⣬ǷڤڡַҲֱӡ
á
ʮҲַ⣬һݴ顣
ȫںԹ֮ԴʮԵԭ¥岻ĳţ֮츳ϰˣʵںɺδ㶥⡣
¥ʮ峤˵ɱ߱ӵС
츳ַʮǿöࡣ
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ߵľ
ַԣʮ˵޿ȡĴԵ
ڵ츳ںɺжǶ⡣
ʱûʲô⡣ʮ飬֮ǰʹ峲ѨһȻûκ⣬Ѿա
һʹħǿϸѰ
ʮɫȻ
ַҲûʲôʧѲԤ֮У΢΢ʹħʲôô
㡭ʮԴ˼ڤ룺Ǻһһ֣ʵҲ֪ʲô
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֮뷨ûôܲµ
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ʲôַ֮һ
ʮַ˵һ֣ʹħȻǻǱ˴˴ûɱ
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ʮôһַ嵹
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ôַ֪࣬ÿһȻ1000Ԫδ10000Ԫʱ˵̲̣˵Ҳ
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ڵʵ࣬ʹħСʹռ棬ȴû֮飬ɺܹ졣
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ʹħ壬֮ͬ죬ΪڳѨ֮ĵ񡣵֮ûиʶǻۣΪѶȣߣӦˡ
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Թ֮Դԣߣںϻô
ʹħ壿
ǣʲôô
һ塣
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վ֮λãܲ²⵽һ⣬˸ĴڣĿģ֮ǰ֮Լȫɱ䡣
棬δɱ䡣
Թ֮Դֻһ֣ؼĿȫ㣬䲻ϡޡ֡
ԡ
ˡ
ַһԝͫ
ʮԴĿһ˿ѯʣʵҲܺ档
ȡַʮЦ˵
Թ֮ԴգҲǿء
ţҪȺܾá
ܿ죬յ׽
ַ峺ͫȻϤ



2872 û
̣̣~
𵴣һɲϢ֮С
ַĵ1000Ԫʼˡ
ˡִսַͣ¶ӺɫѪϿ޾ԶƬվ𶯣˿˿ƵĿֲϢһռѷ
Ϥ
Ŀռѷ죬ַ֮ǰڻɱĸʱ
ڤ塣ַ˿ƶϳȻģʹħ岢ʮԣֻһɣ
ڤ塣
񣬴֮顣
~~~
ͬʱâԼͬش֮зͨӴϢѨǶԾұʵĻӦ
߷߷߷
ѷ쿪类һɲ֪Ӳ˺޾УʱӿһȫװսʿҰףɱȻ
ɫļħ·ͷϡֱǳİ̺ۣѪɫͫɱ¾бʽսսо޴˫ذ
ͬǵԴȪȴͬȵɱһޡ
µѪɫͫκһһԪ𣬶ܸоõǿһֻóȺ
ǣ·Ϊɱ¾
ڤ壬ˣ
ɱɱŭŰɱ죬һڤǿ߷شӿռѷгɱ棬֮
˿ǵУֻս
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ҿˡʮɫء
š͸ʮҰַʱҲѼ淢ıʣȳһ㣬˵ڤǿɱǣѹ
֮ǿ֮ǿԶʤʹħ塣
֮ô
һռѷ
ַ岢żжЩڤǿֻͷӣҲСȻڣڶ࣬ʵҲʹħ͵ĲΡ
ڤǿߣδ֡
ʣ֮ȻͻȻıйأٵڤйء
ڤ壬õڤɱ塣ַڤɱ壬ӹżУжϸأһͳƵȺֵֻôƵܡ
֪ǴĳֵģҲ֪ǴĸԴֻؾ
ǵʵǿ
ڤɱΪսʿߣڤɱսʿΪмϼͶֱӦߡԪ𣬽ΪٽнϽʹ󽫣ӦǴߡ
ڤɱߣǳԽߵǿڡ
ڤڤɱ壬ǳơ
ǵ۾һģһ
ͬڤЩ黯ַûôڤһͬ֡żУأڤɱֻСèֻ
ڤ壬ڤɱô
ǲͬȺȴһЩϵ
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ַҡҡͷ
֮Ǻɺ
еȺ֮ģڤڤɱ壬ѵڤɱ֮ģ
Ҳԡַüͷ
ڤɱмأӵгԽʵȺ֮ߣףУܽߵȺһܴͬȺ
ӵ׵Ⱥ״ġ
ɻء
ַϸ΢˼УٿȴʮЩȻ֪ʲôôˣ
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ʮմһѶϢͳʹħ壬ڤ壬ָ
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ԭˡ
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ȻԼ²Щ巽һ֮ȷʵڤйأʹħ岻Ŀꡣ
Ӧǰ֡
񲢷ǸġַЦŶʮ˵ʮõ֮Ҳûκô֮Լġ
ֻ֮뵽߽¥
뵽ԼԹ֮Դʮʹħ塣
֮͸֮ԴѶϢΪ֮ԴдһĨʶ˵Ȼӵ
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ΨһͬǣԼеˡ
֮ǰΪʹħʮǿ߼¾һھͺԪ˧ͳһ֧УȻ
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ħ廹15ʮǿߣʹֻʣûˡ
ûʿҲɱˡҪȫԼȥڤƻɱַӣսȡ
û˽ǾԼ



2873 ȼ
Ȼû˽ַ廹ʮ
ʮʮʵѴﵽǰޣԹ֮Դ󣬸Ǳʽ޿ɵֵַ嶼֪ļ
ַֻ֪һ£ڵʮҪǿ
߳߳߳ϣ
ʮÿһλӶ޴ᣬǧսͬʱնһڤսʿȫնɱݿ࣬ʮһ򽫡
ʮǰַ߳ࡣ
Ҫɱ䣬ҲҪķַ̫Լʵսڤսźʹħսȫͬĸо
һһû
ȼաַǰڤսʿǿ϶ڤɱȻǧ˿ƵĹϵһɱһʽҲһ
е츳
Ѱ߾ܴѧطȼ꣬սȻˣкܴĺ֢ڤɱ岻ͬ
ǵ꣬ǳ⡣
ԽȼգԽʢ
ÿһڤɱǿ߶ӵŶһ޶ǿ꣬츳ȼաǿսֹʹɸ֣ԽԽǿ
ԣԽʵǿڤɱսʿǵԽǿ
ǵ겢ʩչһߵĹɣء
ںɺ֪ģֻڤɱַ꣬忴ڤڤɱпܸһֻϵͬ
ϣ߷ַ忴ǰڤսʿʩչȼգⱩǣȼߴеĵһǿΪһΡ
һǻɫڤ⣬񻯣ȫÿһڤɱսʿյȼյһǿܳΪڤɱսʿ
ڶǽףɫڤʢȫͣٶ׳ɣȼĿֲ֮ڣÿһζȫûκθã
δﵽɫڤ壬ⱬըʽ͹׳һǿȼյڤɱսʿϼսʿ򶥼սʿ
ڳڤսʿ඼ǳмսʿַǰڤսʿʩչȼգǵһǿûر仯
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ǿҲֻǳսʿ
ַ߳ǰֱһɱ
սʿȼպ൱ˮ׼
ۼΪʵڤʵǿսַһֻһɱڤսʿĺ֮Уַη޾壬ȺսݼޡѴɣʺĿǰս
ҲΪַ岹֮ǰսı²ͥŲڣһԪȺսľ棬ǿҲ֧
мսʿȼպ൱ڰʵ
յڶǿȰʹħǿ
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ʹħģϾʮġԪ˧޴󽫣ʮǿߵȱ͸Ҫúƿս֡
԰ʹħͣսڤսʿ
ʮʹħͣսڤмսʿ
ڤĸ߼սʿյڶǿʮʹħͲǶ֣ƾԿ
һǿεĸ߼սʿҪʮԼȥնɱˡ
ȻûˣġԪ˧ʵ൱ǿġ
ս֣ܵļʹħģܽгڵսҲپʱġ
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ʮȻһʼ֮͵ˣɱ¾ĶҲۣͳ·񫣬ʮﻹͦˬġ
ָӿƹҲ󣬺ڶָûָӡ
ڤ壬Ǽ򵥵سս
ַ壬
Կڤ壬ȫʮַ忴ûԼƾʮʵķʱҲܽڤȫ
Թ֮ԴʮҲó
ʹħģַ岢⣬ǱûʹǶԿڤ壬Լʮ뿪ʹħǿҲߡ
ǵصս
ڤ̫࣬幥ÿһΪ뺷ûַʮݣַʮҲֻάƾС
ɱꡣ
ǣϣַǰڤսʿĿкɫѪɫڤȫ壬ⱬը׳һž޴ֱַ塣
ȼգǿΣ
Ƕսʿ൱۷Ԫ
ʩչǿʵʤʮʹʮħͣȫȫû㣬ַҲǳصģʵ1000ԪǰǿĶࡣ
ͼذ׼ַܿ콫ڤսʿɱ
Ҳ˵ˡ
ַпսԣҲЩڴ֪ûиǿڤ塣
սϲ



2874 Խƽ
ʹ峲ѨҲãħ峲ѨҲգַ˵Ķʼղ࣬ʮǿһͱɱ꣬⻹ַ塮ʡáĽ
ңûȫǲͬġ
ʹħǿߣһͿָܽоȻһǽִ֮ÿһʮʹħһַ֣֪·Ρ
Ҫһѡ
ڤսʿͬÿһսʿǶ壬жصĹַͽ࣬Ȼ츳ͬǵսʽȴȻͬ
ЩƫڿٹЩƫڱЩó͵Ϯɱ
Ҳʮȫ
ûʹôǿ֮Ҳûħ֮ʶ꣬⣬൱ͻ
ȼ겢ǿ񻯣Ƕе츳ս۷塣
սʱڤսʿӦ񣬹սĲֻǹ棬ʩչʽ⾳θ棬Ϊ
óս
ͻȴܽͻõ£Ծսɣڤսʿ֮ǿʤʹħ塣
սټԪ
ڤĹһһģҲͣЪϢʱ䣬ټԪַĵõĽ̫͵УѸɡ
⾳ĵһСʵַҲӽԲ
вһ
ˡһξ𵴣֮Ŀռѷ³ڤսʿһμмսʿڤսʿһ١
Ϣƣȴǰδеǿ
ϼսʿΪ壬ԶսʿΪߣƺƵڤٴɱ
ʹħǿߣʮʹħɶ黹ɱʹħôʵ̫󣬾Ͳֲġ
֮ǰһʵǿȼǿεĶսʿ
һڤսʿʵǿ
ַսԴĵ׵Ŀ
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ͣսַսϵԽԽܣ⾳ҲԽԽǿַһȣֻɱڤ֮Уһҡ
Уݼޣ
Ⱥս൶ɱķ˿Ӱַ岢δڤǿʩչԴԴΪûãǵ̫ǿԴֻһһ²źʹ
Ⱥսǰεɣ
ޣ~~ʮѹһƶǱַ󣬺ڰչϼսʿǶսʿ޷ʮ
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ȻЩҲʱ
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۾սַʮﶼ൱ǿ
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~~~~һսʿϢԱսʿʤһгǹ̲ϣѪɫͫɱ¡
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еȼգȼޣٲǺɫڤ⣬һ㵭⣬ɢڶսʿ֮⣬ϢȻͬ
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ڤ壬ڤɱȼ츳һģһ
ȼմſͻƣΪڤɱٽַ尵⣬Ȼǰڤǿֻսʿδߡ
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ԣ֮޷Ϊߡ
ַû취˼̫ࡣ
ΪǰĽѾڤ嶥սʿĳǹҧȼյǿҪʤֹ
ǿεĶսʿսѾʮʹħ͡
ﵽĶսʿǿֲ

䣡
սУַ΢·硣
ֵսɱ⣬ģڤڤɱһΪóսΪ֮֮ǻŵ塣
һδεĽ棬һδεײǿУƳַȫʵ
սԺԴ֮ǿַҲʩչ˼£ԡѪսַĵȴǰδе̣⾳ǰδе
һ̣̫ȫԺ
·ʦ̫ʩչѴɵĵǧԪ⾳ˮȻַԺȪˮ죬ؽơ
Խƽ
ַ߳һס
ͲбɱĶսʿսһɫ⣬ȫƣһɲǵãը
䣡
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ڣͻˡַԡѪս֮ϡ
⾳



2875 ڤɱ壬ĺǿ
⾳Դ确¡Ǵߵı䣬ַȴѵãһʱ䲢ַֻ۷
ۺɺԪַĻ֮١
ַʵߣطսԶ۷ԪԴ֮壬Դ֮ʩչĵ̫Ѫʵսɲ⡣
ޣǱߣʮҲע⵽ַ塣
ǧԪһֱַ壬ʮַʵ֮ȴδַ˦ʱַʵѾܽӽ
ʮڼ¥岻ĳţҲ̾硣
ַΪ޽ԼʲôѹΪ֪һ٣ַʵʤ
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ޣʮ߿ڰɢ¹âһצµĺ⣬˲佫ǰ˸Žڤ嶥սʿ˺Ƭ
һֱЩ㼵ʮҲַ弤ս⡣
ܸȾ
ʮﱾʵżȵĿ׷ֻڴﵽʮͬĿﵽһֱɣʮһʱЩã
ڣˡ
кܳһ·Ҫߣܱǿ
ô׷ңʮﾫƳַ壬¥ǿŵ
Դ
ַҲǸоʮսһЦǺ飬онԼҲϣʮܱǿǱԶֹһ㣬ʮõ֮һֵĴС
ֻҪǿվ޷Ϊ֮һףҲΪĴߡ
Լɺսѡ

սڼ
һʼ־עַ廹ʮӵһɨڤȫڤǿֻսܡ
ַɱʮʹħͣսҲûκӰ졣
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ʵޣ޷ͻƳΪߣȻڤ壬ضǴɡ
ߺʹ£ܶࡣ
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ȼ꣬Ǻֲܿ츳
ǿεڤսʿսѾͨߣ˵ڤսʿ
ڤ壬ڤɱ塣
츳һ޶
ڤ֮ܿڤɱ崴ģȻ޷ߣܲ͸ڤɱ츳أ룬Ѿַ̾
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츳أжѣҲ֮ޣܴڤ塣
ʼڤڤɱ壬вࡣ
֮Ҳ޷͸ȫ룬ֻ¡

1000Ԫ
֮ĿͻƳַԣвʵǿĽڤ嶥սʿַҲһж࣬ʮѹսֲ
һսԭ棬ǿ˸񣬾ںɺҲһƬ𵴡棬ͺһΡ
ˣˡ
ûˡַпϧϣսټͻƵǧԪʵսĵһǧ̡
ǵ⾳ﵽ̫֮ͨ͸
һ⾳ġʵѴԲҲϣӽԲĲΣԲһĤ
ҪҪǿ⾳
֮ǰ򲻵ԲΣַоõΪ⾳Σʦ̫Ѿܽӽ
ʦ̫洴̫У⾳Ȼǡ桯
֮ϣ档
֮顣ʮַ˵ڤ屻ˣٶȻָ֮ϱ֮顣
ɡ
ںԹ֮Դ֮ʮ
żַЦŵֲ֮ܣ˾͵뿪棬ڻ8000Ԫʱôʲô
ַ壬һֱʱ䡣
ȻûԪط޷ͻƳΪ𣬵ԴԼ
ûԹ֮Դ޷ʹħ壬ȻǼΪ֮ءң޷ʹħҲãպðɫƲͺɫѪʣΪá
֮ǰַо߶΢Ӱ졣
΢ܽԼ
΢Ϊʱ䲻
ڣгʱ䣬ա
8000Ԫ١



2876 Բ
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һâ㲻磬һɷǵӰִ֣ȻЦе飬ͫȴ̲ƾ⡣
ܹˡ
ǽؽʵǿһҲȫһԴ껹Դв衣
һѡ񣬰˽еѶȵġ㡯
ڶѡ񣬰˽˸ߵѶȵġ㲻𡯡
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ڱȵĲǹ
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°˽޴ʵȵӰǿַ֪ʵѾվɼĸ߶ȡ
֮ĴУҵܹ־ڱصáһν˳׼Ѿ˼زǰؽ翪ǵϡ
ٵÿܹ̫Դ泬֮һҵһЩϡ
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ͨӦòǿ飬ֲ֮ǿ飬һֿ飬˳ͨҾܵõ֮Ĵкͱ
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ţĿٿ棬΢΢һЦЩ̡
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Сһеϰ
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ͬǼѶȣʱ䣬Ѿȥ룬ַȻţ԰˵ȻǸϢ
ৣ~
Ŀɨȫ˸硣
ûʲô⡣
ܻŴг
Բܡ
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ļѶȣδ߻ų

档
ʱַ壬յ1000ԪսַսˣҲЩԲЩսַ˵ֻճ
ҲʱϢָһ¡
طַɫѪأʩչطԴеɫʱԾպɫѪ
~~~
գȳ̬򱶲ֹ
ȺɫѪеնҪ졣
ںɫѪһֻ붼ѾûУڤսѾħǿûʲôãҪķѴɫѪַǽЩȫ
ûкɫ֮ԴĲ䣬ɫѪһһ㡣
޾ԪۻɫѪصޱȾˣַһգǧԪҪ֪֮ǰɫѪеڼƵġ
֪ɫѪжۻ롣
ܾˡ
ַԴԭѴﵽޣ޷һɱ䣬ʵȽοԽȻԴ
֮ͨȴ
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ӿڣַ޷ɱ֮ΪԵʣ޷֧֮ʶδɱ䡣
ַҲֻ۷
ˣַԴʵѲѷɫͨߵ֮
գ2000ԪŴﵽޡ
ʮַĸܣԴըʽʩչطʱԴܸһطӡ
¶ڤɱٽ츳ȼַ嶼аһս
ɫѪմﵽޣַƲɫƲ㣬ɫƲͺɫѪһޣʩչطЧˡ
ޣȻķʱѰãõҲࡣ
ͺƽһǼѶȣ2000Ԫĥ£֮8000Ԫַȫܳɹÿһʵ
ȿ
Դ֮壬Դһ޷ɱַ֮ۡɳȡ۷Ԫġ
ַԸǿ
ɫƲַͬԴ֮ǿʮʮַֹƿضȸǿķҲõ
һգһ
8000Ԫʱַ˵Ȼܶݡ
չʱ뿪ˡ



2877 Խ
֮
ʱ쵽ˡĵȴʱ䣬Ŀһֱζ棬ΪǵڶΪֹδ֪һ硣
ַ壬δ䡣
Сһǿ
ǻ𣬵ܽؽڣ֮൱ɫ
Ѷȣɱ
ʱޣ겻ɾͻᱻĨɱ
ܻ10000ԪҲûá
۾¶Цݡ
ַҪͳˣڶûֻһֿܣǾ޷ɡַ屣ǿԵڶδ䡣
ýģʼջҪ
Ӱһ֪أսѶȡ˶Դǲмܸõͨ飬Ҫܣô
һߣҪ֪֮
ӰôƾʵһжҡҡͷĿѴƿ׼һֿ顣
ַ䣬ѳɶ֡
磬֮Ŀ飬û漣
жʵ߶Զ
һֿ鲻֪ʲô䲻ûоȻǺãĬʱ䣬ȴһֿĥµĵٿء
~~~
һâ

˵ʱһ͵һţһǿϢٿسֻ֮ǻ𣬵ڰ˸оȴʮǿ
ַ壡
Ȼͨˣ
˵һƬңζƿ򷭰㣬˶ǷȫûַӼѶȵлųǿӰ䣬һôɡ
ǼѶȰ
ߵѶȣ˶˾ţ֮þǿͨѶжֲ֪붼ûκͨܡ
ǰò˵Ļ࣬ȴͨˡ
ǰַ΢Цк
˰˲ʱ۾֮ɫηѶȶͨϵ
˵ţ΢΢һҾķڲͣ
Խܡ
ַ巭Ϊûκκô
ַǫĿɨ磬״ţԼԭһؽİ˸ߣֿ֮飬ֻʣԼͰ
һγûκεѶϢһԵøƽ
֮ããһƬ˸̲ǿַĿ֣ʵһӰԴԴ༫Ѷȣʲôܡ
ڣȻ޷ٽ롣
Ŀ򰲵ˣ۾˺ƵЦУַܿܶ࣬Ҷߣóġʲô˴ˡ
ˣҲûԼ
ʱ£ߵһ˵֮ıﲻƭ˵ġ
ܼ򵥣ҾǾ֡
ַ岻ðˣҲַ塣
ƾʵ
~~~~֮Ҳһۿɼķ϶˷չַͰĿӱ˴ջأصǰ
ж˵б仯
Ȼ𵴵Ŀռ䣬ѷ챻һأγһ߾޴壬һòľˣž޴ϵƤϹһ飬ӴϢƬ֮
񣬵ȴѹԵġ
֮
ַ֮񣬶òȻ֪֮䣬ڼַ֮廹֮𵴡
̫ǿˡ
޾Ԫؽ֮أبŵǿʹУһһǿ߽
ʱַеĺѴ㡣
֮Լ
ĺãǡ֮𶯣𣺡ͨ飬Ŀ顣
˭ͨܳΪ֮Ψһͽ̳ҵ²б
ӣ
ȫ嶼΢΢ߴ棬ҲԶеĿϲǿ֮
Ϊֻбû뵽лΪ֮Ψһͽ̳²
ɱȱˡ
֮֮顯Ϊ֮ǰɡ֮϶˿貵İɫ飬̲Ũ
٣ȲҪ
ַҲ⡮֮顯ĸȤ̲صԼǿԴ
Ŀ飬ں֮顣
ܳɹںϣѪһ壬ػһ̵֮ͽɺ
ɡ
֮
еӰȻѹȫ
ಣ
ȼۣ֮飬ַҲǹϣлӰֽϺھɽطֱʩչռս֮
֮֮ĴУԼ־ڱصá


2878 ȫ߽
ֻ֮һţںϵҲֻһַͰ˶ˣ֪µĹؼõ֮ߣǷںϣ᲻Ʃ֮ı
õ֮ûκǾζб˵ٺҲûãһȫں֮ʱǲһԡ
˲ţַͬš
ǰ˻ַ壬öԷõ֮飬ںֱӷζؽ֮оͻ
Ŀûõ֮һᱻֱĨɱ
֮ʵȫ
ݣһǹǳ֮鼲۵˲䱳۾һ꼤飬̶ƿסַжܿռ䡣
ߡ
˵Ŀ﹥൱ǿַ֮ⷽϣһѡ㣬ΪԿ﹥൱š
ʱյַ壬Ǹսؽʱĵ⡣
ĥ£ַ帶ıκһ߶࣬͵õģҲκһ߶ࡣ
ԴԴһ㣬ȫɱ䡣
ɡھɽط־֮ǣַʩչĲֵԴǴδʩչԴ֮ʱ䣬ַͬԴ
ԴĹעһԴͬͨһѷɫ磬ս
ɣַԴǿѧط
估Դ۷ѧطǵ졯ǿѧ߶ա
䣡˾ԴǿܴһҲԴһ£ңԭ޷ʱ³ɣٳ
߳
ִһַƿ
ķȷʵǿǿĹ澫ͨĹֲ֮
ףҲǲַ֣֪ûнģ֮ǰԴʵû̫ȣΪַ֪ǿʲô
ڣַĽЩֲ
ԭסԴ֮ٷɱַ壬ַȫ·ƣֱӽɱʲô˼
ţ
ȫ
зر󣬷ϵɫë·ڻ˹ǧȻַ塣
۽սϵɲѷɫߡЦеİˣŷǷţǿ˿ɢģȻǿ֮һΡ
ڶֵ֮ѡǸߵѶȵġ㲻𡯡
ܻųûٳ߸ͷһڵİ˸涼൱ǿۺʵȫߡ
ţڵʵصܹá
֮֮Ҳõɹںϣлվ̫Դһ㡣
ַ壬ֻɹ·ϵһŰʯ
ʲô
⾳ǿ˸оַսдϢжΪأǿƿȫ֡
ٿذɫȴէ䣬·о֮ɫͷһնƵģַԭСӰ˲ޱȸߴ
һ֮£˸еԼģ·һС
̫һУʵ
ַսﵽ۷塣
һУַһУҲһУ̫һУ⾳һС
ΨһﵽԲһС
طںϣַ忰֮Դԡ¡籬۽սڵַ֮ǰˣ˭Ҳ޷ţڲǰַûС
߳ս¶ɣ˷Ȼ顣
һ̣ϵľͺȻ޷Ρ
ѹƵ£覵ķ֮£ַ徹׾ٵƿƿĲǰ˵ķź־
ȫ߽⡣
ַ߳䡣
ԵʴȣǶԼ̣ȻͰԹ޳𣬵ǳַ岻°˵Ӱ֮ںϡ
ɱ¾ϣöֵʱ
޾Ԫսַۻľ顣
սɫ˸ַŰˣɫƽ
ˣ
۽սʵѷɫյӰ
ۺʵǽӽߣûκ㡣
ȻˣŲһ
ұǿˡַ¶һĨЦݣһ֤˵ѡȷ10000ԪԼû˷ѣʵʵؽʵɱ
Լ㡣
ʣ£֮ˡַսĿǹâ貵顣
֮Ҳ֮һ顣



2879 ǿʲô
ں֮飿
ַϸǹ
֮֮顯Ϊ֮ǰɡ
Ŀ飬ں֮顣
ܳɹںϣѪһ壬ػһ̵֮ͽɺ
֮µĻַ
Ȼܱ֮֮󣬵Ѫһ塯ַ֮бȻ֮һߵжǿɡ
Ϊ֮ǰѾס
ңеٮٮߡ
֮ĲޣǴԵ֮ƣں֮һʱԼһ̣ǻɢκθܡ
ȻַΪĿԲߣˣ֮ô£ؽ磬ķ޾ԪѰҴߡ
ܳɹںϡһ仰С
߶ܳɹںϡ
֮ǰؽҲΣַſ϶ߴ磬ֿ飬ؽԴڣȴˣζںʧܡ
Ѫںϣ¡
ַԼѾȹ̵Ѫ͵·϶һ޶Դ֮·ַ忴ں֮ѪĿԸ΢΢
ԼߣҲߡ
Ҿɹں֮Ѫ
ĴУ
ԼôҪ
ڵԼʲôУǷȱֻʱ䣬һȶִŵŬԴ֮·ߵ¡
ߣԼͻơ
ףַҲоܴﵽ
ˣðôķգں֮Ѫк塣
ʮַǰȻʮӴӰεأױȣԼսսѣʵ㲻Լ
ô
ʮĿ֮飬᲻ַ˼̫˼ڵѪҺǷڣо
һԡʮûԥֻмᶨ
ɹʡ
棬ʮѾںһ֮һں֮Ѫʮ֪кܴգĴԵûˡ
ҾãʺĻԵַҲͬ
ѪϣԼԶȲʮ֮ϡ
ԭʮ֮죬֮ǰں֮ɼʮ֮Ѫ
ں֮ѵѡ
ޣ쳤Хʮ˷쳣ûκξ£ΪǸĴԵڰչ֮ϣ鳲
ſʮ֮飬黯ַ׿ǿ貵֮ʮУɢױȵĹâ
~~
ʮͫȻڵѪҺ类ȼʹźȻ˲֮鿪޾ʮڣƺ֮ˮ޾ӡ
~~
޴ʮ·һ㣬һҲַоҴܣǿϢԼ
ʮʹࡣ
ںɱزٵġ
ͣʮַ֪ʮĸԣ̰ԣƻ㼣Ȼȱ㣬޷¶ķâһԵĳţӹɡ
ڸߵѶȵ֮¥츳š
һǿ֮ġ
ȻͲѡԼ뿪֮
ȻͲΪڵʮ
ΪҪǿʮŻ뿪ʵ֮Ż뿪ȵԼ޽ԼֻΪ롣
ԣ֮ĻԵʮǰʱԥ
ǿʲô
໣ʮʹ˻ضǲַһԾػɫıãεıǣʮﵽʮʮʮ
֮εӴ
֮Ѫεǿ
ӱϸıʮѪıΡ
ƶ
ʮϢڴﵽʮʱޱͻʮͺƻ䣬һʰӴɲǼղסƵģٵ͡
ʮ
ʮ
ʮ

Ҳղס
ֱﵽļޣʮ﷢˷ܵĿ֮ſǽ֮УʮĶͷϣ֮ӡǣ̲޾ܡ
һ˫ͫž˵֮
ȫɱ䣡
ǣ
ַоʮϵҲէȻϣ޽ԼǷϳĿʮߵĿҲȴһЦ
ʮɹˡ
֮ѪԲ˼Ԧ
ԴˣַûκβˣԵΪʮеġ
ûб仯
ıʣδı䡣
ȻǰǸʮ
ֻǣڵǿˡ



2880 б
Դ磬ڣ
أž䣡
һӰ֣类˴ɽӳƵģһĿ࣬ﲻѣΧͬЩǱߣ֪ʲô
ǸղŲؽô
ôͻȻˣ
ô£
԰ôˣ
ؽ﷢ʲô£
ˣʱ޵ˣؽرգ
ôôʱ䣬ʲôûõ
Ҳǣؽص̫˰ɣ

ϧһƬ
ؽĺܶ඼ߣõ֮ıֻǶ㣬㹻ɮ٣ؽ籦ٶô׾ܵõ
ؽУľɱ¾Ӷᣬ
Ȼϧľѳۣô̾ҲûôؽѾ
֪λ˵ֵܵõˡ
ǰ϶ǺԴһѲơ
̫Ľˡ

ʱؽ磬һˡ
ַֻʮƿؽ硣
ΪؽҲ֮еһ֣ʮں֮֮飬ԽеĴȫõ֣
ʮԸ⣬ȫܽؽеȫɱ
ôû壬ͽɱ¾ֹӺ͵飬
֮ıѾ㹻
ְͼ׺Դ
ؽ磬ܺԴ
ԴԴɣͨԴ͸֮һ׵ļҵ̫˶
ǰؽ翪֮ųԴĺԴһֱûˡ
ְͼؽ磬Լ֮顣
֮ʮںϵһţΪ顯̲֮ǿѪ͸֮ںϣֻȫ֮ѪܻôС
Ȼᱻ֮ӴѪĨɱ
Ҳ޷⣬˵Ԫǿߣ֮ǰؽ翪һ츳׵ǿߴһ֣ʵȰ˸ǿԺַ
콾Ԫ֮
Ȼ䡣
֮ѡߣ̡̫
ҲǴߣ֮ԼĴԶڴˣҲԸ͡
ַµû֮ҲӴ˽ַ֡ѪȻǿߣ֮һ˴֮Ȼͬ
֮
ַ壬ࡣ
֮ԼҲû뵽еģԼȺַҲǸ̾һһģԵ
ְͼУ֮ڤʹ壬֮ǿ
ʵϣ¥壬ĿȿѪ֮޿ܵ
ʵ϶ǿ
֮޾ԪȻδ㹻ǿ󣬵漣ģȺҲиּ
Ӧ˶ʮ¥岻ĳš
ˣʮҲ޷ں֮飬Ϊ޷֮ġֱַĵıһС
ң¥ʮַΪֵܣ빲
ңַ壬ʮΪֵܣ빲
һһ񣬿Ц
ʮģַһڴӦ
Լʮദ10000Ԫ鼫޽Լ˴˲͹ϵֵꡣ
ԼϿ˳ˮ۱ˡ
磬ʦ֮޷⴫Դԣ߰ɣԴҪö١ʮﵹǴ±ְͼؽ
ߣǺ֮ಢеĳ
ְͼ֮Ѫᾧ޾Ԫ
ַ֮ǰİ˸磬ְͼﵽԴޡ
׺Դ
ؽһҲǼǿԴܷ֮֮ͬӳѷɫ׺Դ
һһ֮ɺĸ
ԹʮС
ıҪַЦܡ
ô˵ͼˡʮֱҡͷ֮鶼ҵģЩԭӦǴģҵõʦĴѾ㹻ٶռ㡣
УҲá
ַʮｩǱߡ
ô׶ĳȥ˴б˴˵ҲС֮
ãմﵽʶ
ַ׺Դְͼؽ͹ʮС
ΪʮϾ֮䴫֮ʮﱾûиı䣬óǽԴơ
ְͼʮô󣬵ⶥԴ걦ַȴչ
ؽ磬ΪܺԴܷ֮֮ͬӳ׺Դ120%ʮ



2881 Ҫô
Դ⣬ʮ֡
ؽĹرգߴӿЩΪؽߣڣıǡ
ĿȻǵʮš
Ծųߡ̩ΪףΪʮͨߣݷԴ൱ֲֻҪԸ⣬ЩĶȥ
ǲûκжֻǾȴţȴһĵ
ס̩иԴг֣ڣδһȥɱַ壬סһ
ɷ٣̩
̩иҡҡͷֻ֪صȾȫûġ
Щ֪̩Ȼ֪ȻͲԵˣϲַʮŵľһɱ˸׳죬Ҫȥ̩к棡
ߣȥԪ˵
ؽѹرգţӦú̩ܿ֡и¶һĨ⣬ȫַ壬иڣͷۣҲ١
֮ǰصʮžɱʵ̩иĵľѾһΣҪٱɱǾˡ
ܿ죬ܱѩޣ
ôġַ̩巴ġ
ܽ¾ȫԪ˶Ȥһ࣬ô䡣죬ʵǿҲûá
Գ֣ûʲô겻ɵġ
һ࣬Ȼֵ

ؽУַʮ׼뿪
ﲢǾ֮ء
ؽ磬û֮ػֻڣСһؽ翪̫Դעؽرպ󣬻иǿߵ
ܿ죬ؽʧ֮ɢᱻ鵽
ǿ֮Ĵкͱ
һһ׳ᣬַûôڣɴ׸Ȼ뿪ԴȻҪٵ׷ɱӲں
ѹɱ¾ֻøǿ
ΪֹϵĴʤҲ
ξ֮У
̫ԼȻһץԼûôףڵԼ
ǿ
ûǿ
ǽսԶ벫ɱַ嶼ܻɱߡ
ˣʹʹطһս
ҵҪжٵַоѾ㹻ʱȥս
գ׷ţµ·
ʱˡ
ŵӶ˵ķݣȪǰķݣһ𻹡
ܣߡַʮ
ʱʮһﳤϢȫȻ̲֮У㲻йں֮Ѫʮ峤Ѵﵽ˵İ磬ƿѵ˷Ƿ硣
峤ʮһ֣Ʊ𶯣ַ岻̫ߵʶʮｫС
ޣ쳤ХʮҲ˷쳣
һֱ磬ؽ֮Уչ᰿裬һɺĿ
ʮ֪ʵʧֻҪ뿪Դɱ䣬ޣΪ¥崫˵еġʮҲǴַ˵ġߡ
ȻڵʮΪߣ峤ȻԶֹʮ
ֻǧϡ

ڣзɳԭ·ۻء
ַƽ
սʱͺƽ·ͬƽѼ񣬽Դ磬ֻ֮ͫѾɣҲûˡ
ʽ100Ԫʱޡ
ڣһУʱ£ѳʱޣѼԼҲ޷
ַ岢ûʧ
Ƿڵ˵һҲҪ
ҪסȷҪô
ֻʼգ뿪ԴûؾӪһˣַ֮岻ھӪǰѸ˽ȫ˽ᡣ
ַ壬ԭ棡
ڣûκֹԭ档
޾塣
~~ʮչ߷ɣòڣ·ڸĶޱܡַվʮﱳϣԶҲǸпǧ
Դ֮Уֹʮɱ䣬ԼͬҲǼ±仯
ڵȫʸʶǿ֮ϵķ108ַս̫Դ棬ϯġС赶ݣַҲӮ
ڵսѳԽߣ
ֻҪַԸ⣬뿪ԴʱͻƣΪǿߡ
ʱǿ
ৣ~ַʮ뿪Դ硣
ɲǣһֱԴĵʮţ̩Ϊ׵ʮߣɱȻԾٶȼ۶񽫽٣ɱַ塣
ޣַһ



2882 
̫Դĳӡ
ַʶ
֮ǰԴͽֹΣ֮ɱԲǽ³ԹΪַ˵Բġ
û뵽ʮһξ˶ĴߣԼ
ҵӻ󡣡ַȻһЦսʮͫâ貣ԭһ峤˲ʱǣӰﵽ˲峤
壿
һȵ̩֮ǰûע⵽ʮҲôںһ۷Ԫ壬Ϊ
Ө͸ı̣Χռһɻһ֣̩ԾųʵǴߣҲܽռʱϵ
ֻ̩֮һǧ
Ȼ
߳߳
ʮӳᣬڰ̲صģͬѷɫ֮ʮδַ֮֮һʵˡ
һֿУ֮֮飡
Ѫȫɱ䡣
̩ɫ䣬ռ䱻и飬ѭ˲ʱ䱩һ漫ţ졣
ߣ
棬˵Ԫ۷壬ͨҲᱻѹơ
ǿʵײĲ࣬ѹͬʱҲЧķʵԽѹԽԣκ԰صơ
ⲻ۸ô
԰þų۸Сһ
С㣬㲻Ҫˣһɱˡ
ǿ̫⣬ǿʮŵľų̩ߣ˵Ѿ۷ߵս
ֹ󼸸ųгʵ
һֱԴĵʮų֣һƬ棬ĿͶȺַʮݣֶƽսпѡ
࣬һĴ
սȫ۸ˡ
пп˭Ҳֶ£ɺȥ˭Լ۵ӣ˭ʵ˭ų̂
ޣʮ߿ĳХֻɢ貹â·һȼŹâʮڵ֮ȻܣֲɽХֹ֣δ̩ѹƣˣƬƿ֮У
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ǴУ֮ͬһܺԴ֮ı֮һְͬͼؽδ֮ʮȫƿأ
׼ĳ
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ò˵̩Ӧٶȼ죬Ǽʮ֮ɱ¾ֱӽնɱѹƣʮƬƿضȼǡ
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к汦̩ûлɵ֮֮ϣؽ֮֮֮࣬˶õһ汦ϡ档
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ų̩Զλãһֵܣֻ֮ͫϣжȻ֣·ȼգֹâг޴֮
ֻһֺ϶Ϊһ־˹â
䣡
£ӡ˲֡
ʮԭǵ棬һǿ֪ѹƣ̩ٴռϷ磬ʤһʮš
ৣৣ
ųɫѿʩչϻԷѹƣͺһɽѹſֲһƴֵķɶǵļ졣
ݣ
̩Ѹչ
ôԪ㲻Ҳ֪Ŀǰбȫ˷֣Χַʮ
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ԷʵԤиǿ
ս̩ܾЩԾ벻ͨʲôΧһЩ˽ģ⣬̩ͫȻ
ȫˣ
ʼգǵĿꡪǸ࣬δ֣
䣡һ˲䣬Ǵһ㣬̩ԴȻըѣֲִһ޴ǳغȻ£ɫҫǳ׹䣬ƥ
۷ѧǵ죡



2883 ǹ࣡
ַ壬ˡ
վʮﱳϣһֱַڶ֡
ԭٿһʮʵЩбʮսϾЩȱһֱֻѹĿԾӴ߲ĹƣӦԻ
ټȥʮܻˣַԸ
ַĿֱָ̩
۳ɳȺĴв࣬ǳߣ汻ѹƵ£սһõѡ
ֱӣģԴ
Ȼ10000Ԫַ岢δ֮ǿС
Դ
ǿɷھɽط־ַ̩֮Դǵ죬۷ѧİ֮˵һչܡ
۷ѧ
ٴ߶󣬶δﵽľ硣
ַʦ̫桯Ա̫ҲֻΣϣǴ˵еľѧ
ǿ޵У
һУַ֮ɹ
޾Դ̩Դھ߽̩ȫ񱩵Դֱû̩˲佫ɱ
䣡
̩˫ĿʧϢȫʧ
ɱ
ΧһļžĿ࣬ۼŲһԵޱȵ̩ɱһһ˲ûϢӸ߿׹£ֱ䡣
ˣ
ɡ
ιʲô
̩ɱˣ
⣬ôܣ
ֹˣʮŵĴҲˣֲڸղһ˲䣬ǵĹǣų̩ˣ
̩иȻŸױɱԴһƬҺ塣
߿֪֪ܲôģΪ
֮ǰɱһģһ
Դ
ǹ࣡
̩иɢëֱ˼滤ռѷֱ֣࣬ǿ׵Ķɱֲ̫
ٲӣɡ
~~
貣ַսʮﱳһԾ£ɱַ̩սطսԴԴ̫Ȼʩչ
ɹһ̱
ַɱУҡ
սٷ㡣
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ʮӴΣտѪӲɱһڴߣÿһӶ絶צֱץһЩͨԴ
֮ͨ߿Ҫǿˡ
һһʮĬ
沢սǧԪǿڤ嶼ˣοһŵĴߣЩߣñȶڤսʿǿ
ܣַЦ̾ڵлţĳַ徭̫࣬Ϊ壬ʮʵĿ࿴
ٺ٣С˼ʮԽսԽ֮֮ȪṩԴԴϵս汩ǣֱӽӡƷ
ͻʮսıַɱַ֮ϡ
ʮţɽ
Դɵľ񣬽ڽܣַδʩչԴ˻ءҽսʮŲҰܶ飬롣
Ī׷ʮżܣַûȤϾɱΪûκ壬ڵҲûƷ̫ӵԱӡ
̤
ػʮﱳϣַս¶Цݡ
Լںɺ㡣
ৣ~ַʮ뿪µʮʮߴߵʬΧ۵۾һһɵô
ǵʮŵľ񰡣
Уг̩
ʵţһ࣬һԪ壬ܽʮʮɱ˸׳죬ܶӡ
ҵѽ˭
ôĻôǲǡС赶ݣ
ܣǡС赶ݣҲɱ̩ȡС赶ݻҪǿ
˵˵С赶Ѿǻһλ

ַʮġʹ
ԴһսɺǶ̫ԴĳӡΪһս̫ӱŭ̫Ԫ

ַ壬صľӪ
ʮ»һֻɰַԼ޽ᣬԲַܽ棬ҲûʲôڵʮϢշ磬ǡ
ֻҪϢ£峤һͨ
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οַ岻ͨսʿǵľӪһԱȻֻǿеˣδʽ롣
07-004-018-10086ַ巵룬100ԪʱѵʧܣַһҲ⣬Ƿڵ˵һҲҪ
ޣһλص룬ٲǿտյġ
һǿߣۼУַĵһĿ⣬



2884 
һַ뿪룬ˣִ񣬲룬ΪľӪһѼ⵶൱æµִиΣ
ʶҲ൱֮ߣҪͣزѪҺ
ԴԵľӪ100Ӫеľ񣬲ܳΪˣͨ˴Ҫ󣬷ܳΪһԱ
ԵľӪսʿ˵Īҫ
ܳΪͳ죬ǿһԱӵսȨܳɹڵľӪһ֮£֮ϡ
վסһȻ԰ٸսʿλһźɫսµӣͳ졮࡯
һԴǿս̲ż±ĿϬ07-004-018-10086Ŀʧܣٽ룡
ַ΢΢һû뵽涨
áַͷһһսң뿪
Ҳûʲôȳʱޣ˿ʧܣԵ뿪ĹأַҲʲôڣȥƻء
ߣַڶԼȤҲǲ
Ա´ࡣ
˿ѽսȡɫ䣺ڵ18űӪ뾫ӢСӣ㹻ѫ󣬵õټٴ˿ˡ
Ǻ~~
ͰСһϣ´ټ㡣
дϡϡЦǳЦַ壬ʤֽһսʿġ
һξģ֮١
Ϊʵ̫ѡ
֮ԶѵһΪĥ£ΪѡսҲ۲ӵսʿͨ񣬼ľӢսʿģֱӱִ
ʧܣûʲôɳܡ
ʮˣоŸ붼ʧܡ
ַͬڵˣʧܣˡ顯ĳţ˳ڵһλУ51ĺóɼ
ŶַӦһ
ԭսһˣ磬ˣһºս񣬸˽˽ᣬٻԭ档
ڿƻҪ仯ˡ
תַ뿪ǼС£18űӪҲһ
ȵȡһöŮٿñ΢Цʱ
ڵվԵĸŮӣһضƵĽս£ģһɫ·̲ǿ
սϣȻӡš桯Ķرǡ
ӣ𽡣
ַ壿һڣսʿǾ֣Ϊӣʶһδͨˣ֡
֣ܺ˲²׷ס
šַ𽣬ȴ
սϵıʶַ嵹ʶôԪӪѶϢָƣΪǿһذף֣˭˲ʶ
ʱַ棬ΪһԱ
ʾѼǷ񣿡鿴ŶѶϢʵ
~~
һƬ
һ˸ҽѼкУһɵĶΣռΡǹƥȥѼ񣬲ֹɼΣǶоš
ֽپӢսʿܵѼҲࡣ
ԡַӦ
ԼӵѼ񣬽Դ磬ֻ֮ͫ˳ɣֻ֮˺ܶʣؽ翪
ˣֱַ塣
ɡ̵ַĻشٴһ顣
սʿַĿʱ˱仯һѼˣǿɾģδﵽҪ󣬵ҲԶˡ
ˣһСֵȱݣ޷ͨ˿飬ֻҪ㹻ʱ䣬ǳ顣
ϾѼҪǿսۺ
Ϊ֮ؽ翪ˣöʱ䶯һƬսʿ룬֮ؽ翪ô£š
˵Ԫ֮࣬£ؽĿ
ʱʱĳĳǿԴ磬ʱʱ˵ĳĳǿߵõʲô飬սʿԴ磬ȥմ֡
̫Դһʢ¡
ǡַʵӦ
ؽ翪Լʱ񣬲Լѡȡ
ֻ˵ƻϲϱ仯
ˣҼ룬ٸ10Ԫʱ䣬񡣡ᣬ˿ذը£սʿﲻѡ
δй
˹δκ
죬ˡ
Ҳһ˿ŭĻһ·ȼŻӺȻվһ˫ȼյ֮ͫս
ˣ飡



2885 Ҫ׼
ȷʵ
ǻӣݲðɳӡ
ַͬһڽˣķ95Ԫǿ˿ˣл࣬ࡣ
ڣΪһûɿ˵ƾʲô
ʲôɣʧܾʧܣֱַ壬һһأַ֪е𽣬ô
͹ǲ
ʧܣûнڣ
ɫü΢΢ǶԻͻȻġѡЩͳ졮࡯ЩΣϾռʢù̡ܽ
սʿôԡɣΪ˵ûκκô
ӣɵô
ֻлһת䡣
ȣȡͼΣԻգۣȴͷҲһۣתͷֱ𽣺ˡֱڿ죬޹زɷԲаټԪ涨ѭ
˽ΪַպԷڣ
ˡ
˼ӣĵϵڻҪ̣
ˣⲢҵ˼΢ɫüָ߲ʵİȻַ˵˼

֮ԣսʿ޲𾪡
ˣ
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ַδ񣬷ս֮ܵѼ֤ʵǼҲ˳£˵ֻǶ10Ԫʱ䡣
λжѼ񣿡
䵭Ȼȴսʿ֮
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ҿԣһǿͫк֣֮ѱ
ٰգ
ſڣֹܲܵһսǰʨӴ󿪿ڣһСŵɣҲܡĳҡ
ɫɨ飬ûκξʵָƣӪУҪأɸҪӣٵĻӣû̹ô
ৣ
նʱͨ졣
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ٱҲóеĲãοӸղûԮ֪Լһͷȣײǽˡ
ƽͲƽжǹƽģԼˡ
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ףԴһԲݺݶַһۣһẦͳʹǰ»ӡ
ַʱҲŻȻ
ԵԼĲ²ûҪԼȥȷǰԼֻǡִԲŲ
ҲǻԵɺϡ
Լû˿ˣҲؽһУõ֮С
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λֵ˵ûʧܾʧܣûʲôڡ
ַȷʵûڰټԪ˿Ҳ
ͷַлˡ
գԵټ
ַ΢Цܡ
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һ˿δͨҪˣ
˳Ȼ˳
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žرͨѶַ壬дŨŨ죺Ѿˡ
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¶ʱը
һսʿĿ࣬۾ɵùԲϢ
ûɣ˾ȻҪ룿
ֻΪһҪ˳ˣ
ˣ



2886 ʶ
ַԼҲǲ֡
εͳľӪһУսǿߣԭ棬Ҫ̫Դ棬Ǿų
ǿߣԼ
Ϊʲô
ֻΪϧţҼַԼҲţǼǻ˵ĹȥǱϾֻ൱ͨ
ôΪһͨ£ָԼֻһᣬδ̫⡣
ڣе仯
ĪǺ͵йأ̶ַ֪ѪҺ˴˼кĺϵ
Լݱ¶ȻԼ֮ɱԼҲ
ɱȪǰҲһΧʱƩԭĴ߰æ
Ǿ͵ȵȿַҲżֻԼĲ²⣬һ
ֻǵôһ̫֮ô˵ԼҲ֪֮
Ҫ˺Ƥ֣Լ뿪Ҳⲻһս
˵ʵַڻǲ¡
ܿ졪
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βźͬս׵ħǿߣ˫׳˶ΣԴ֡
λˣսʿҲһ
ɫսǵľӪսͳߡ񡯣ħǿߣеһʵսλߡ
ৣৣ
ĿַϣӴѹսʿձһɽѹͷΨַɫƽ㲻Ӱ졣
~ɫ˫ֳͫ⣬һҲǷǰء
ŵʵǳ֮ǿ
ãַ塣ȻһЦ
ãˡַ΢΢
񡣡һ̧Цɢƽ׽˵ʣһû뵽ҽղԵһ档
ǰַЦӦ
մԴڵ
šַͷ

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˵ǱҲû˵ĿͺսԻһ
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һַӦ
û֮£ַҲЩ졣
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ͷͻȻʧΪԺԪҴ㣬ʮĳͻʵһᣬ̫ӷǳӭļ롣
Ԫ˵緽ʽϣܸ϶ظ
΢Цַ壬ҲǾκˡ
ʱյԪѶϢʱȫˣӪַ徹̫Դĵʮţų̩һоӢһˣ
ʲôЦ
ЩӢߣÿһʵ֮ϣ̩ǳߣʵԶַ岻һˣ࣬ôɱǣ
ֱԴ¼µǳսš
εһˣԴ˴ķ粨µǣַڵʵԶ֮ϣ
áַӦ
Ԫ˵ʼδ
߾֮ϵַ嵹µˣ̫һе棬̫Դ档
һս̫Դ棬ע⵽㣬Сһ㡣ĳ˵
³·ʣַĳǡðؽ翪˲²⡣
ǿ֮ĴУ
ûʲôܣɵǰɡַһҲ˵̫ࡣ
ǵãԪϵ



2887 κҪȫ
ûдԴõʲôӶʣԪ˰ţϣΪӵĶ
ӣٲҪ̫
һ䣬Ҹ˵Ľ顣
峺ַܸоĶ
վĽǶȣԼӶаһףϾԼľӪϵУԼɻڴھӸλܴ̫Դ档
ÿһߵԸ
Ƿӣַڻûô࣬ҷ֮ĲޣԼ;֮ǰйڣ˵Ԫһŵǧ𣬲ſڿӣ»Ǵӳ顣
һ濼ǵġַ˵ˣˣȻغһˣ֪սܷһ£
һٿطӦһۣȵ˭ȡַսң
һ
ȡַսң
ÿ˵100Ԫʱ޾Զȡô
ʲô£
ᡣ鶯գӦҲ죺ûȡûȡôȡأֵַܹȥɡ
źãлַͷ𣺡ڣˡ
ڡ
ַһսʿĿĿע£ܿ뿪ȫ֪ʲôൽʲôͷֵ˶ء
𽡣񿪿ڡ
ڡü΢׵
㳣ַңκҪȫ㣬ֱ뿪Ӫ㱨Ը
Ӧ
ͷ
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Ȼ𽲢Ǻܿ϶оõַʵǳǿǿǿʲô̶𽲻ȷ˶ԴǵС
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ȡȡֻһ仰£սǣַҪһֻ˳ֶΪڻԭǰַϣ˽˽ᡣ
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粢磬ʵڵģͬɺӰ
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1000൱10Դַ֮񣬺ԴٶӼ0ֹȽɣʼա
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Сһ˲òࡣ
Ѽ̫ţ˰ɡ
ӪУꡣ
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ѼǾӪܽӵߵȼ11ǶսʿҪɶѣ12ǶսʿһСĶԸ
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ڣһСһȴˡ
š
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һھ۵Ŀ£ַ漴뿪Ӫ
սĿģ



2888 ߲
ǺɺĴ˵
·ԺɺʱѸ߸ߴںɺģںﶼǶأ·ƺɲ񷣬ںɺиһȻ
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Աɾ֮֮֮ġ
Ժ淨ɷ
ַ֮ǰԹһΣɼеڵߵĹ֮£ʵﵽ۷ԪԴһ覡
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ȴ輫ַķԲĹⰵδķ̫У֮Ԫַ⾳Ǻܸߡ

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ΪսʿսִصľǷսףÿһζҪµĺԴװǼģÿһԴﶼҪķȥ
սװͼˣֱӡǱɡ
ÿһ߶ֻܻһսװ޷Ӷᣬ޷Ĩȥӡǡ
1ԴսװԣһžտĺԴЩַ֪СҲ⣬ַ彫Դ£ֱսװӡǣϡ
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Ծ㣬൱100
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ԴҪں뿪Ӫ̫½ҪõԴ
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ⶼǺ󻰣ַǰģֻи߲εĺ

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2889 ٴɼ
Ӫʵ
ʵ㹻ǿܻñ˵ء
սʿΪʲôΪַǻַͷδչ¶κʵ˿˻ʧˡ
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ÿһսʿǵľӪ100Ӫоϸѡģеľֻǿ߷˶ַԴҲϿַ塣
Ǿ˺Ͽַ壬¡
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ˣΪһӡ
˿˹һۻ10000Σռ񣬻һѼ̤Ϻ7㡣
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ʣµ10000ۻִΪ󣬻иָΪ˱Ӧۻ顣
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ÿһֱӼˣʵǿ飬ڵһλУ51ĺóɼ
ַ㲻飬Ҳȥ
ˣַϵڰ˲ôһսʿʵ
ʧˡҡͷַȻΪͳյַѶϢÿһϸڡ
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ǲһڽʵõȽ˵£ҳַǱɺǱĶȥ˭֪֣ܲܶ˭֪ܻܲ졭
鲻ַֹõĺȷʵЩ֮ӺܲˬҲЩĿг۶ȥķüͷ
ֻһǱСһҪŮչˣĴ氮Ľǲˬ

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Ĵɱ䡣
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ߵʵߣʮһ㣬ܻøǿĺװ10000ԴڹսȻھӣý̫Դʸ
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ߺ͵ڶһóԴ꣬ٿһǿɫ֣ؼ汸ǵ幥ɱˡ
ԴޣԴٿҲ
µַ壬㲻ʩչھɽطڸѹߡ
ǧӰʩչֻǻӰַ֣Դƣᣬ޾Ӱֱ֣ӽ߽ɱ
㣡
۷ԪʵﵽżַԴĲҪ̫࣬սޱȷḻ
Ա֮֮
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ޣһ˿棬ֱַһµԴ磬Ȼֲӵնɱ
Ƚףǿ
ʵҲ
ڵַǿ
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~~âöĶڶ
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2890 ͳˣǰ
룬սʿַϺ輫߲㣬ꪵڰ˲֮£Ǻʲôϵ
Ǳߣͳ΢΢һȴյһϢɫЩȻ
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սʿ΢΢һ㵣ٿЦ
ͳ죬Ϳô˵˰
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~~
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ͳ౾ҲرϣҶֵ㡣
ǡ뿪ڣٿط·ɫֱ䣬òűĳַ֣ϵڰ˲ˡ
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100񣬽в20ϵڰ˲㡣
ӣҲͣڵڰ˲㡣
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֮ǰԲַļսʿޱȣ˼Ҹǿʲôȹϵ̨ɽǿʵõء
һС;ѾɼھŲ㣬ֻҪԼձض˵ĸ֡
ˣҲַ࿴Դ
ǿˣ
˿ʧܣΪԴͻ״ˡ
G˵ַ᲻Ϊؽ翪õʲôһӱǿôࣿ
пܣȻԴ緢仯ҲԻ
սʿʼʱַκμ֮ģһܵɼھŲǿߣܻҲãԪҲգܱȵġ
εǻ飬ԭǻͲַһϸ£ͻȻ䷢˼Ҹмںԣվɼĸ߷ϡ
ɼڰ˲㶼δ
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ôԸҲַ߽ʵ˫ȭܻȼź֮񣺡Ҳģ
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ʱգַȻǵľӪһѳ⵶
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䣡
ԭرը



2891 Ծ
սӪյϢ
ޣһǿս
ǵľӪġ
Ǽһˬˣܵõ൱ƵĽ
Ӫأжսʿ̤Ϻʮ㣬սʿӪǿսܵòƾԼһͨԴ
ΣԴġ
УûкԴһ
ƣܱ֤ԴԴϵѪҺϽ档
ǿսǾӵһţʵҫҲŸսʸͳһӪȻǷͳһӪҪӪǷпȱǿսǷΪӪ
СӡľӪУѱӪĹϢըˣһһظлʵûô
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ңֻǵʮѡ
ַ֮ǰԴɱģǵʮŵĳӢų̩
ǿǳߣ
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ظԴԴϵϢǲ
Ǻڴַ嵽ܵĳ󶯾

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ַ˵ȷʵûʲôЩԿ涼ѹʮ֮սʱΪʮڣڸס
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Ϊҵܿ飬ޣǿߡַ𲢲Զֻʱͻơ
ֻҪַԸ⣬ΪǷַӵ¡
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ռġС赶ݣַӡ̫ԴĻϯžʵַɼ
սչֵʵӦǺʮһ㡣
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ַ֮ǰĿꡣ
ܿ죬ܴɡַź֮սⶦʢ̤ϵʮһĶԾ
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Ƭɺ
~~
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ھɽطʩչԴгֵɫ⣬ַֻԴۣȴ߸ںϺھɽطԴҲ˿ѷɫֵ֮ꡣ
ַȡµԴƿغԴʮűɫһ壬ơ
˵ԽսȥӦս߻ֻҪַܻߣַ岻ռ߱ˣοԴ裬ַͬʮ㡣
ޣֻ׹ֱֻ߰ۻӰָֻֻͫù⣬һԲõɫַǰ֣֯ϡ

һصߣʩչĲƿع
ƣ־֮Ǽأַ־ƻһһ˲羵žžϵѣ׹΢΢һ𣬻ƶʩչ߱˺
ʲôУַͥŲż
ߴؼĵʮһأȫԸ޲£ַδ̫һ£ǵд
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ͬ߶սУʵǳԿġ
һһߣ϶ȥǰԴѱľѹԵƣпһսɡ
ַ壬ǿ
ԴԴʯΪģں˺ھɽ߻ĺԴʮﴦȡ֮һԴ
ޣ־֮ػ
Ϊͭǽں֡
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٣пܣʮһߣߵʵҪɱַ壿
֪ԴַԴеǿߣж١
ļһսıȵʮ㻹죬ʧܵĵʮһߣܵķɴ˲СַܿĶԹдƣϼˣհܱ
̤
ַɼʮһ㡣



2892 ӦǼ
10000Դװ
ǺʮһĽ
߲㣬һ
ʮһ㣬ͬһ
ڹսӪʮһǿսλȻ̫Դ棬ʮһ㣬Ҳɵһų̩
ԭ棬ܿʮһ㣬ѾǴеٮٮߣעĿ
̫Դϡƽںɺֵһᡣ
ǻ𣬾ˡ
ȥΪַ塯ߵϸ
ϣģҰַϵʽҳʲôûУĵȺͰȥң
Ļ𲻿ƾðȫϸ֦ĩڴ
ӿٶȣȣ˲һҪ֣
̫Դ棬һüšˡܹȸգַϣںһȨޣרŵ߽ź̬
һðϣ鱨κһҪ
̫Դ棬֮Ķʱðͷȡǡ
Ǳ˸
ǡ
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ֽ̫ԴĻ񣬳ϯġС赶ݣֻдϯĿںʮһ㡣
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ۺɺԴ棬𼶱̤ϺʮһģҲֻн10
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ޣַ壿ڿġС赶ͣһɫŨüۣʺӵ䵶ɢս⡣
Ȼߡ

С赶ЦЦ
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лᣬдһ¡
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С赶һЦ
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ϴλܹƺͿ裬ȴ⨺֮һһҪɹС赶ţ˲ѽַ咁֮⣬ĿֻһǾǷս
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Цܹһüţ˵ȳһ
ַûһ֪Լϵʽʲôܣ̫ԴЩһ֪
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ַĽӴСһȻᣬ뷨׶ҡ
˵ʮһӦǼ˰ɣҲǶѶϢٳһַ崳ʮѶϢҪԭرըˡ
֪ɺԴ棬Ҳûһϵʮ㡣
汻ѹ̫أԽԽսԽѡ
ʮһ㣬ӦǼˡ

ޣ
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ַʱûɼʮ㣬ǽĿתƵϡ
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108дʵǷӡںеĳǿߡ
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2893 ̫ʼ»
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2894 ̫
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ÿһ߽ռ䶼ǶģķռȫַͬڵԼΨһķռ䡣
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2895 
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⨺֮ķսַȷǾȫֻǽսȫǱսȫҪַ֪岢ר͵ģͬꡣ
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ұλõģһͷռƵ磬էһе֮е硣
С顣ֱַӺ֮顣
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ģһԴһһԴĸƷ
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ַ嶢Źͭɫӣ·𿴼߾һõɫʬ

ȻõֵĺԴﶼԶһԴﻻַʵȱԴͨԴ
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ڶǵַ΢΢߶ôڶѡظÿܵõԼҪıãȵһԴѡ
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Ҳɽһֵ12000ԴС
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һַĿռ䡣



2896 Ҳ´
ռĽ͹ƷռĽһޣͬѡ񣬲ͬǿʹõĺԴУһַõģǾս
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2897 ϯ
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һսַ彫̫֣˿ȫΪ򣬹ͷ
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ַҲˣ֮ķȫͭһηսҲֵƱۡ
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񽫡ķϣֻ14֣һ
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2898 ɺǿ
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2899 ľ޶
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һԴѾһ׺ԴԴһûС
ڶĿǰıӵǿĳǿĹûãܺԴʹҵ޶ȵء
ԴҪʱʩչ౦ȻҲҪֻͨͷţ̫ѡ
ģͬǴܺԴʵ޶һܸߡ
ַѾиһȵ׺ԴҪʩչ
ٶһԴʱ൱صǶĺԴҪķѴľʱȥգһܵöʱһЩ
ˡַѡ



2900 ҿܲ
սġ󽱡˵ġ
һܺԴ޷úԴ㣬Ƚ֮£񽫽Ե΢ĸ񽫣ַѡмһһѡҲջҲơ
սˡ
һΣս
ַ֮սѶȻߣַģԼڻ𼶱ɨսʱͬҲܡ
սĴ󽱣ܸѡ
󽱣صġ
ַ֮ǰû˵һεõ֮ϲܺԴҪķѴʱַҲż뿪ռֱǺ
ʮ㣡
ߣ۷ߡ
ʵȷʵ飬񵶷ȫԲַǰһ֮ǰĸһȫǸɾնɱ
ʮ㣡
ַս
ߵʵѴﵽżѹƽһ󣬽ַʵѹƵķǳݣһս£ַǲС
һ̫Ƶʱᱻ׷
һʧܣַ϶֮ǰѡûд治ǿҪֲԴĺԴԼУҲȻƷ׿϶ܺԴҲա
ٺãòҪ
ʮ㣬ѡַȻʧܣߵʵָƣԼͻƳΪֱӱܽɱ
뿪
ַ˵սһ˽ᡣ
ʱ򣬷ԭ档
͵һˡڵַ壬޾öߣԼҲ޾塣
ϣˮo̡ĪһǶĴߡ
ʻս۷ߣ
~~ַ̤սңһ۱Ѽվ𽣬һ˫Ͷ͸ų羴ϲá
֮ǰչַ壬ʵЩССԸ
óϷַͶء
Ϻʮ㣬߸񽫣ڷԼ֣ÿһȴġ
ǰò˵ˡ
𾪵Ĳֹ̫Դ棬Ϊַɵ׳̾Ϊֹ
ַˣǷҪ뿪ַ壬ʵݺΪöŹĺͽš
šַӦΪκҴˣ
۾еλԼֻԤˣӦԼˣôˣ
ݸһЦ֪ھӪеְλѱΪǿսѡͳӪֻλ˵ͬ
ھӪУͳ츺ӵԪ˧⣬Ȩ󡣡
ַͷ
ԭΪҪִһЩܽڵ㡣
ַ֪ĿģԼȻԼԾҲУֽ׶ַ廹뿼Щ顣
Ҫԭˡַ˵
롣𽹧
·ַ뿪룬սʿ׷Ȼ𾴣һ˿ַ񣺡ˣ
ַ屻ǿս֮£˾֪
սʿַݣַս̫ԴӡһʣǷĵĳ羴
̫ǿ
֮ǰַ׵Ļ飬վֱΪȫַ嵱żȼȵĻ棬ַΪĿ꣬Ϊǿսʿ
Ӫǿߡ
ɺͬˡ
ʵܵõ˳ϡ
ûʵ˵ٶ඼ûá
·ַͥܿ뿪зսȡԭ档
ǰַϵǣĻɱĹ
ԼʱԼһѵɱĹٴμ쳣Ϥ·һ㡣
ǰҿܲˡɱĹ΢΢һЦȤСһǳɳΪһĳǿˣ֪㣿
жšַ֪
кδ㣿ɱĹַ߱ģȻδû̫裬Ǿñط֪꣬
ûַЦЦɱĹǰò˵Ͱɣ
ɱĹһЦ֪ݣֻսĹԱԪ˷ԸСŮܲӣ
ַš
֮ǰɱĹݣһ֪⣬ַѾˣսԭ͹սŦϸ˵Ҳڹսһ֣ɱĹһ
һ׼ԼַѲµš
Ҹǰ׼ַȡһͨԴ˹ȥ֮ǰڷг鵽ģֵ5000ԴĺԴ
ȻͨԴв㼫ƷѾ൱
⡭̫ˣɱĹɴһԴǷһ
ԴȫһҪأ



2901 ַ壬
ɣǰַ
û̫Ļַ͸һֿ϶
ַ壬ɱĹ˲ʱףȻһЦСŮӾ͹ˡ
Ҷˡ
ַǷɱĹܴһ飬ɱĹַҪ޷ַܾȷʵκγ
飬̫ˡɱĹ촽
һԴԽʵ嵽ɡ
ַҡͷֻǴлǰԮ֮ףѩ̿ѣǰַĪһԴֻǼ񡣡
ǰʲôҪæģַ岻ݴǡ
ɱĹַеϣ֪ԣţһˣѹܳΪʦֵܡ
ַЦǰʲôҪҴʦô
Զ·䣬ɱĹ·ĻҪ˵ǧ￨ںУ̶ֻ߸֣ڵ
һġַףɱĹ֡
пܣԼҲٳһԵ

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Уϣſ˶Խ·϶µֻͫŵâǰԶ
֮ǰԶؽ䣬Ѹ
ַ壬ˡַսԲܣеߣϣһֱйעַĶ
벻עѡ
ַڣ̫
ںͷǳΪ̫ԴֿȵĴڷϿ̫ӡǣ׶ӡ󲻴
Ǳô˵Զľ޴ʱֹתһΪء
ʲôû˵ϣ
Զ̾һƺҪء
ɱַ壬˶Ҫʬϣڵַ̫Դж
ַ壬ַ壬Ҫɱַ壬롣
ҲɱԶʵԶԶԭĲΣԭߣʵǿָ
ϣԶĬˡ
λı£ΪбҪ£־ΥǴڵάС
־Ҫǳȥַ壬ǲò
ڵַ̫ǿ޼ƿʩ
նԸʵͨߵĻȪ˾ţ֮ҪԸģǱȻȪǿǧ򱶵ַ塣
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ؽʱȫˡԶַʵսؽʱɱַ壬ڡ
ǿٱ¶ַĶ֡
ۼַ֤սԶַʵжǿ
ٲԸϣַԭѽӽ޵С
̫ϳ֣ǿܶԸַ壬ַɷսһսǸ󳬼еɣڶ̫ǵżʱ֣̫ضǧָ
һʧȥģʧȥʱô˥ͲԶˡ
̫ԴȾҵĻһͻᱻȡ֮۾󳬼ȴǷ
̫ڹ϶֡
־˼ȷ۸κδ۶ԡ
kַ
ϣ䡣
kȻַšԶЦһַʵɾ۷Ԫ𣬶־оųϳɹʡ
ַkͻ

ϣ̾һԶҲҡͷ
ǼмΪѣҲǣҲǣƫƫְڣ־̫ȴǵҲ·һ
ݺ޾ԪϣԶ˵Ǵδ⡣
ȫ޽⡣

ַ壬
طԭ棬ַԻǴսһȦǷ·ںɺѶȹ޾Ԫ
ؽ磬ַ֮嶼˲ֹԪ
ʵʱ㣬̫һۣѹȥǧԪɢ
ʦ֣ʦ֡
еӶ˵ֵܡ
һˡ
ϤĿϤַԭУȥܸоһ˫ε۾ԼƬ̲롣
ַ֪ԭ־
֮ǰͬǣַڸ㡣
ԼԼλΣ
ʲôʩչ
ַ壬ȫ־
ৣܿ죬ַҵ̫λãֱһ˲ƱǹȥǵӶ˵פأ̫Ľɽ
һսַԺ֮С
δȴ



2902 ү
磬̫
ǴСŵ涥Ĵߡ̫桯־ڵɳƵһۣ

Ĺ඼ǿյǵӶ˵ҡߵͽܣǱˣǱѡľӢܵӶͻƳɾߡ
˵ڰֻ̤ߡ
ڵ棬κһߣϵҫ
˺ܶ࡭̤ʵأַٸнӣԭӢÿֻʣСèֻ
Լ뿪ʱİٷ֮һ
뿪ˣ
ַɨһƬ׵ı䳡ԼҲǲˡ
ǰＷĳˣһдƴʵΧΪŨھͺսķһӰ
ϡˡ
ӦҲ˺ܶࡣ
·½ز㣬Ҫѷɫһ֡
ַĸӦϡܸתÿһλĲԪغۿɼй켣ֱС
˵ȴȫͬ
ЩΪߵǿߣ򲻹ǿңϡ൱ġ
ڼˡַ嵭ȻһЦǰ΢СϢһ䳡ڣӰַһ롣

磬ҪҲ߰ɣ
ҪߣҲߡ
ＯΪµͷܸߣԸǱһܵõãΪλҪأ
ǿٸߵҲߣǵӶһģǵӶ˵ˣǵӶ˵Ĺ
Ƕ뿪ˣӶƲӣ˥ѳʵµͷУѾＯȡ֮ߴߣͱִˣҪĲԼô
һˣûԶܳΪǿߡ
Ƶ꣬ţ԰һĵȰ˵߸һ̷ͷһ㣬š
˵ĺáͻ̸ֵܵһ֪ðֵ꣬һͷãȻ
Ϣģðģ
ûˣܳΪǿߡַ壬Ÿ߸꣬·𿴵ԼҲͬִֵԼ·
ǣ߸ɻؿַ壺ǲļ㣿
ַЦ֣ģĬܸʶ㡣
Ŷ뺣߸գַ˵ҵܵΡ
áζַͷλյͽô
Ϊô˵ַ
ʼ磺յͽܣĻʲô˼ӶˣƫƫӶҪһĸߣǳŲҪ
ַЦԣǰͽܡ
ۣ뺣ֵ۶ĬֵܣȻܱϣĵһܸߡ
Сַ΢΢һЦˣǸղ˵ʲô˼ʲôͷʲôＯţﲻôΪʲôô٣
뺣λһۣɻؿַ壺㲻֪
ַҡͷ
һַ壺Ĭֵ϶ƭˣڵӶѾɽһԪһԪѲպʱ⹫˾ռͷˡ
˵ĬֵаʦԴ϶ȱΪʮþȣǾͲˣ֮ǰĽӶ˵ģûʦųֻ̂ܿԼ
ڡ
һѾ
ַҼǵõ̫һۣӶʮԪ٣ǿ棬ӦиĽΪλ
뺣Ŀַ壺ԭĬֵҲ֪һսֵܱһսĽĵӶˣʱ˶緱ǣֵܺòײűС
θ̾ʱһͷȡ
Ӷ˲ôַʵ
ǲá̯˫֣ôһĿȻպһǣȫ뿪ˣʣµҪôʦҪôҸԽ
˵ʲôء뺣ü
εô磬ôõ츳ＯŶԸΪͽܣȴҪڵӶ˲ߣΪʲôĵⲻ֪Ƶҳϣ
طʲôûС
Ӷ˶֪ǲǵүܵ䣬
ǴŻʲô˼
һԣࡣ
뺣һԣַȴüͷ
ү
־



2903 ҿ͸
ʲô
־
뺣ĿŲɻ
ַЦЦûʲô
ףʼǵ棬򣬵ֽţȻĿŵضԸӶˣһЩС̫ˡ
ӶҲһΪʦ̫ɱȪǰ񣬵õ־ӣŲ߱¥ռȣһͷ档
־㹦͡
ͬɽ
̫һۣȥһ꣬ҲһԪԪ԰ټԪ㣬ǧԪ㡣֮һ֮࣬ĸðͷȡ֮Ϊµͷ
ＯţʱһеٮٮߣȡӶˣ
ǶＯڽˣַʵ
θ뿪ڣͻȻΪַǰͽܣЩƺ˵뺣ûô˼ɣ˵ͷＯһֱڵӶ˵ߡ
ǱΪȻкܶߴˡ
ǿ߻û뿪ģҪӲʵ˵ӶȻǿǵʮԪȻһΪԪȻʮԪۺʵǿ
εгȣǾ塣
ôַǼǵú޵̫ĴţʵһԪԺʹʦ֣ʦֵʵ
ףڻϣһĹǸɾûôˡ
ӶڲŽᣬ̫һǿɼЩǿȻڣ뺣ԣղǱˣչԽԽѡ
ʱţȻӢ۳ĺȡ
Ԫ֮ǰȶʱＯŵǧԪءΰ°ͣǿԪλ
߰ɣ磬ȥＯţŻõķչ
οĵȰ˵κ뺣ΪƺֻҪ϶£;Բı䡣
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뺣ξ겻ǣȴַȻȻ㲻ԪӰ죬в졣
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ˡԪĿ档
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Ԫʱе뺣֮¡õַ̫Ϣ󣬸Ԫ𾪲ѣǲ̽һ
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û뵽ǣҪڴ֮µַ壬ɲ⣬ȻӸ£Ԫַ壬޾溣󣬸оֻС
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ԽƽԽף
ǺǡַҲͣڵʵԲԪܿƵģ΢ȻһЦʦֺͶʦֶô
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Ԫ
ƶԪ
뺣Ѿȫʯˣⶼʲôʲô
ǿǵӶ˵ĳУ
Ĭǰͽܣ
ΪʲôоԪƽƽڶԻС
Ԫղ˵Ļʲô˼
͸Ĭ
ַ壬ڵ㡣Ԫ𿪿ڡ
ַ壡
뺣۾ʱɴԴը
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뺣ʱףΪַ忴ô죬ڶУͨΡ
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ַһЦȫ󣬲꣬㽫Ϊߡ
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һܳΪߵعʵ
εȼֵ
סԼһգΪǿߡַ뺣߲ļԪһâʧӰ



2904 ʱͬ
̫̫
̫ڣǸԪӶ˺֮ʦְ̫֮Ԫ൱æµǽټԪǵӶΣ֮ʱ
⻼ĻɢֱڸԪȻַͦ壬˿δаòʹõӶж
˵ӶʮԪ𣬵඼״̬ǱԪʵǿħǹԪƶԪȶս񣬳켣ںɺ¡
ԪڣӶ˻ͷö
̤̤
Ӱ̤̫һߴͣһԵá㡯࣬Ԫȣַ֮൱С
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ţʦַ֡ǰӶ˵ȨߣһֱмӵĴʦ֣гǸ͸м
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飬ַû
һͰĳۺʱڱԼĺӡ
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Ǵʦ㡣ַӶ˵λֵܣΪһ֮£ӶˣַʵѰ
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Ҳ׷ʦһɺʧΪһ¡
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ռʱ˺ͣＯȡӶ˳Ϊµͷǳ£ԪŬΥ޷С
ˣΨнܽ
ԪһԵＯ£˺ܶƳһͻҩǿߣһȳ
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˵ţԪ𲻽ԳһЦ
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һֱûڵַ壬վ΢ЦŸԪ𣺡½Ұɣʦ֣ܿ죬һжػ졣



2905 ڣʱ
̫ַ뿪ֻʣ¸ԪԪ
һ
ʵϣĵӶ˾ŸԪԪ֧ţһڣһ⣬ʹõӶ˶ӵĻ£Ȼûȫ˥
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ʵѲ֮¡Ԫټȫ͸ʵǳֻ֪ǻͨһ
ҲǡԪͷԴ֮·УһҪͬײǿ࣬ջȪڻ𼶱ʱԪǿߣַҲܡ
ԪЦҲӦҪǧԪԡ
~ԪȻЦЦһƲＯӶ˵ĶԹַҲȥǧԪ𡣡
ΪͽܣԪ
ԪͷڣӦѾ

һ£¥ʣܡʮ
ȻٳԣʮλǴСҵһԪԺҾǺֵˡ
ַЦ໥ܵ
λַĵǼһԪΪ˰ԼһԪԴʯ֮֮ʯʱǧԪ
ԭҪǧԪ֮ʦָԪһԪһѣһԪΪͽܣϤĽ̵һԪǿߣҲֻһ֮ң
ʮΪȣ֮
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磬磬ǽȥģɺôַںɺ¼һԪӴء
С㣬Ҳȥɺʮ˸ʳ
ٺ٣ⲻжôһԪƨ
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ǣֵһ
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ţһԪתͷ
ȥ˽һԹַ
˼ǡһԪ
ʮһצһȣʹ˼ǣǸȥˡ
ҵմӦ㣬ʱԪ߱𡣡ַһԪ·𿴵ʱԼ
ڣʱˡ


̫򲢲Զʮ꣬Ｏŷ·ǿΪӶ˽Ͼ
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̫һۣʹ˼ʹ
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2906 һë
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2907 ǿ
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2910 ֲϮô
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2911 ַ㣿
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ԱȻû뿪ˬ
ǲףΪεӶһҪַ壬Ϊ̫ͽôΪһˣǣӶˣֵô
⣬˴𰸡
ֵã
еıڽͷš
еĳƣڽɢ
Ｏţˣ
ֱַһˣ
ЩͶＯŵɵðȥɣ
ڹƳӶˡ
Ժ˭СǵӶˣ߱¥ռ磿ʵסＯţֱôУ
ַǿˣ˵һ۷Ԫһµġ
ݣ˵Ҳ̫ˡ
ŵҲأ˵սɱǧԪ𡣡
ɱǧԪҰѵ׿ȥ

̫ڣЦδ֣гԱݱһͷţ̫УԪǿ߻һãҲ¶Цݡ
һֱϵѹʵصġ
ַСӣ԰
ǰСһʿգĿ࿴
ˣ˼СһСıַһᣬʮ㶼˼Ҵġ
֮ǰҺַĵò֪໶
˵ƶһû֮ǰһĻ̫ϧ
̤~~
⣬һƵӰЦ룺ڱ˵ɶأ



2912 
һͷҵͷŻԪƶƵս׿಻ѻѻĳ̤ڴ֮ϣǴӺɺƶԪ
ƶˡ
þƶղ飡
ĵŵԪƶԪ𣬿ѣ˴һ޾Ԫֵһ
ˣʦܡԪҲ¶һĨЦݡ
յѶϢ̾͸ˡ̫һۺƶԪ븻ԪĹϵƲ٣ַ֣СӲ˰
ַ壿
ԪôЦ
ʱƶԪŹԴЦַձչˡ
չأƶԪɴ۾СӰ춼ͱһ˼չأ
ԪЦûɶ飬ôܱչˣＯŵвȥĴͷۻ˭ҳͷһ
ЦԪ͵ˣַɱＯ۷ԪĿ˭ͷ񣬲³ΪһＯô
ƶԪ꣬𾪣յϢҲţʦʵǿ˵Сû±չظɶ
ԪݹƱҲʱ򣬸ͻˡ

ַʵͻơ
Դ޷ͻƣΪûзصӪҪսͷҲδͻƣʵַѷ
֮ǰͻƣһʱȣҪͻҲһʱ
һж˽ᣬַ̫ܿԴ棬ɺ̬ɺɸ°빦
̫Դ棬ؾĹܻͨ⣬ĳЩ򣬻ס棬һѵٷʷס֮ء
ͻַܽΨһ㡯
µ棬Ҫﵽ߲ȶ۷Ԫǿߣ㹻ǿ֧̫߻̤Ԫ
ַ壬ﵽ𼶱ӡ
ջȪʱַȵյĻȪǿֻһȻϣܴﵽһ״̬
ѡ
ַ˵ˮɵһ¡
棬ˡгַٶԶȳ̬Ķܻ࣬ȹ̣γ淨
羡ȥ֣ںϣȻһ塣
ԺڶԴΪģַȫ֮ǰΨһǷȱȱ
˵ַȵʱĻȪҪǿ
ۺɺȺ𼶱ûһǿַ档

̫ԴߣͬҲȲַ壬ΪȱĵġϢ
ããɺϢٵã޷ӵУֻġ桯ϵŴڣԼżȻֵĺɺ߲ſӵһСء
νϵǺɺԴ桪桪ڶ
ַӳڶԺڶԴΪϢʵһɳȿɱΪ棬ɶһе档
Ȼɱ棬ϢôҲ޷Ѵ޾µ档
ȫµô֪ȸСȫ棬Ȼ͵Ȳֵһᣬȴȶȫµ档
ԭ棬Сϵ湲ܷ
Ȼһ壬ԴȪͬһֻӥ뿪Ѩչ߷ɣз֣Ϊһ壬תϢ
ǿַ֮ǰؽ罻սÿһμԿ棬̫Դ۷Ԫǿö࣬ɺʹ

ս֣ԴԴڣַΪһ壬죬Ҹǿ
ͬʱܱ֮ǰҪǿ
ռܴ󡣡
棬ɱ꣬޳ɳռ䣬㽵δֻһ״̬һյ㡣
ǿ棬һҪǿķ磬ҪӴȻַԸ㣬ֻҪʱܳɳ
Լɳ̫úԴֱǿַڵ棬ʵ൱ڴ߲Σ棬úԴĺǿ
ؽյַ壬ԲȱԴһԴв롣
õ֮еʮһڴַԲҪõõǱﾡã޵ǿսʱܻøر
ַһֱ
ʰȰ𾳽繮̣ǿǿȡַչء



2913 ڣʱ
ͻַΪȲ
֮ǰڻ𼶱Ļۣȫϣؽлõ౦ֱǿԴԴַʡȴٹ
Щ֮ġҵ׵ıһСһã㹻á
桮ǿȡޣַٶıҲֻѭ򽥽һжɵľж
ԭƱˣԭ汾ɵǿȾô࣬Բܳ
棬ˡ
ַһǿ棬һǿԴ꣬ЩʵʵڵֱĸҪʱ䡣

̫عƽ
ڵ𺧣ٹǧټԪʧַһ֮ƽ׳٣ڵѳΪ˵
ԭ·ûĵӶˣ𽥻ů
һ¡Ӣۡĵ𼫴׷ߵģǱ˵ļ룬ߣǿĽõӶ˷ͷһʱ
ʮԪӶ˵ǱˣľͷҪһ
ַ֪ɵĺ䶯ж
ϧԭʼֻһڡ߲֪ɺĴڣַ֪ڷµ̽ӡ
ǣŽĴ𺳡
ҲΪʲô̫󳬼ϧַԭΪַ̫Ӣۣڷµļ¼㲻ۼһԣΪơ
ʮԪʦܻءƶԪԣ
ʱԽãСʦջԽ󡣡ԪæŴӶ˵ʮԪæµĺܣӶʰ棬ȳͷʱʢʮ
Сӣ粻չչأƫƫʦʱչأҴ򣡡ƶԪ
ԪЦСʦܵﶼ򲻹
ƶԪǳ˳飬һ˵Ĺһ
ԪʮǺɺ¥壬츳ˣʮԪ̤֡棬֪С
̧ͷԪһЦԭ棬ȻǸǾ
ƶԪû׷󣬺ɺǿߵأʦҪ֪ʲԷ⣬ϽĴӺǧɽ
˵ʦںǧɽжˣԪȵ
һǧ˰ټԪƶԪ
ôôԪ꣬̾ǻϵʦΪʦ¡
ƶԪӵܳʲô£ʦ۷ߣ̫߶ʦںǧɽждСʦһ
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ϲʦܡԪ¶һĨЦݡ
ʦɱǶһƶԪ𾪲̾ѡ
ǵļʶԿóַ仯Գһ壬μַֻǸ̤𣬵Ѵ߱׼
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һ棬ַ巴Ǻϣʦ֡
λʦֺܿҲͻơַǫһ䣬λʦָղʦںǧɽôˣ
һֱʦ̫涼δ¶棬Լɺδַ֣ҲǼǹҡ
ʦƢԣͳԼˡ
ʦܣһֱںɺԪ
ƶԪüͷ΢壺ʦҲδἰֻ֪ʦںǧɽһǧ˰ټԪһŲ֪
ʦǧɽԪ
ƶԪһʵڵӶ˵Ԫﶼǿǧɽô
ǧɽԴ֮ϡ
̫Σնǰʮĵ
Դ磬Ԫǿܽ롣
ǧɽûдʵǺǧɽصĵ湲Ԫǿ֮ء
ҵʱһַ̽ףԼҲ֪ʦʲôмǱںǧɽ
ʦܴǧɽƶԪһڱǿЦһⲻǷϻôڵַͲǹȥҪСʦܡ
һ֮Ｏţɱ۷ԪСʦܵʵѴﵽ߲Ρ
˵ͻ
ʦַ֡ٿؿڡ
ţƶԪӦ
ǵõǵԼôַЦУŵս⡣
ƶԪۣɱڣҳɾʹߣضѵָ췭ظ
ַЦݣڣʱˡ



2914 ƽ
ؾ칬
ػԭʼĻ磬˿˿ƵĺǣռѵĲƺͷ϶ʱʱʱۣһƬҡ
ɱģ
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ΣӰȴ޴ڡ
־ڻ磬ɳڻ硣
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ɴ߲Сڡϣչ˶԰ɫֻͫžտâǵ׷ѡ
ϣˡԶַղ칬һж׷ѡ

һ
ϣڻ֮Уƽš


һ
ƶĵˣ
ǻ˵̫ҽѴɣʦٷ֮һˮ׼
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ƶԪΪ׵һԪɱؾϣصؾԪĵԪ𣬺«ԪЦԪ𣬴ԪԪ𣬵Ӷ˵ʮԪ˸պһ롣
ʣµģҪôԪǱҪôҪ̫縻ԪԪҪôںɺĥ£ǹԪ
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ʮ֮һƬԫ棬ڰһէ֣һù٣ִ߷׷ɱצһ֮С
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ۣƶԪڴ۴ѽʥ񣬳Ϊµ֮һʵ֮
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ַۣ壡ԪԴ⣺ιƶַĵɱ㻹ǿ֡
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ĵԪ̤ϣڰӻңʤû뵽ַ岻ֹ辪ףиɻ
۴޻֮ʦĵţXԪͫ٣̫ˣʦĵʦȣĲһ㰡
ৣ
ƶԪһˣݺݵԼͽһۣκδԪԺ³ۣʲô˵ʲôͨʡ
ԪЦƶԪԼҲһЦ
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գƽƶԪսⱬսַ̣ǿսʮģʤ飡
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ֲ֮Զڵֻء
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ֲȥ
۵˽ԪˣҪ²ָܻ
磬ǵֲ֮ףϣڣǵ濪δ̤Ľء
ߴԪĿȫͶַ壬ȴľ
նҪߡַľһƽһȣԥؽС



2915 Զ
Ȼˡ
һ
칬ϣԶ񾲾ȴţ칬ͨһͷа峤¥ĵַ֮֮ڡ
ʮǿ
ϣԶ֪סַ壬ҲδɱΪͷֲ¥ڣԴɱķģַ壬ͷ¥
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ȻϣԶɱַǻţҲΪƷ̫򴦾
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ˣɲѡ
ַ壬㹫ƽһսԶվ˳ʱֹĻؽҴʧֻᣬϣһԸ
СıԪѵ
ǷϻɾˣƶԪս䡣
ǰַ壬ֱɱȥԪԴζ
㲻Ǻ°ɣַ壿ϣչ˶԰ɫգȻַ壺ֻҪܻɱԶұԱ棬ȥ
Զʵϣ֮ϡ
ؽ֮УԶ䣬ʵʵʵģѳԽ۷Ԫͨߡ
ҴӦ㡣ַʮﱳһԾ£޾ɫ
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˶԰ɫ칬ϣڵȼհ㱬һ˫˫̻ͫ
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ȻıԪ¶ŭɫ
ҪҪֱӴȥԪ𿪿ڡ
ƶԪüͷ壬ǻ粻壬ֻǿַӰĻ칬һ£ǿ룬ȴ޴ĺڰ
ǽȥҲﲻʲôæܸ㶨ʮַʮ㣬Ȼ֪淢ʲô£ֲĿġ塯Ӱ쵽ַ塣
ΣյĵطοСС谭

ˣǽġԶַ壬ûаϣȼմ飬֮ǽػ칬
ͷ¥ȫҲҪһʱܹơ
ʱ䣬㹻ɱһٴˡ
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Զ񲻺ڣһΣǻô
Ϊʹ
ϣˡ
ɱңôɱңַ嵭һЦԶ񣬴ʱһֱصϢɢ˿ûΪκεı仯
Ӵ棬칬ӳԶ𾪵ӣŵַ塣
棡
ַ壬ѴΡ
ͨ𣬶Դ
~ۣϣ֮ŵĹرգԶ֪ϣеľĲò߻һѻΪУַͺһȶ覡
㡣

ʱ޾Զһ۷ԪϢɣڵĴϣ״̬һģһ
ˡ
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ǿߣˡ
ϣǣԶǡ
ټˡԶ˫סȨȣȼʥɴݻ١ԽȼգԶϨ
Զ
Զػ
䣡~~



2916 ˭˭
칬⣬ߴԪԴʮǴӴָȡһ޴±ȣ̵سţʱԪҲΣ⡮Ļ󣬶ʲôʱ˻ųԡ
ʮ֣˵ҪҪһɱȥԪ𿿽ʮĴԴԵøһ˫۾Ծر±
ৣ
ʮת壬±ȷУ壺áá
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ֻʵ΢޷ﵽַ壬ʮ԰ȫı߽⡣
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ûе־ֻǹ¼ҹˡ
ĴͷһߣԳѣȥƺЩԪԳƫأΪȡ
У˼ĴͷַڣǲʲôԪ
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һԪʮԪͷɵʱһãַͻᷢ΢仯Ӷô̵ʱ䣬ʵô
ʦ뵣ģ֮ǰһᰲźһСַЦų֣ĿͶԪ漴Ԫ𣺡ǰȥһκ⡣
պãҲЩݷĴͷ



2917 ̣
ȥûһЩԼĶ
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2918 бҲȥһ
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صۣӦߡߵı϶ʺԴߣߵǡɡ֮һ··֮һ
װϡ٣֮ռĺԴУ
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2919 ѾΪһ
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2920 ǧɽ
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2921 ų
1888֮أӦ1888ɽ
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2922 ֳַ
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2923 ܺܺó
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2924 ֮
ϸ磬ѵôģ
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Ҳȫǣ֮дԼ23Ĵʱ䣬ѵĴ߱ûκܾѣϾ޷˳ˡ
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2925 Ǿô
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ţָԶԱߵ1041źɽ



2926 ʵһ
1041źɽ
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ǣջ1041źɽַһĻ



2927 ژŰ
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2928 
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2929 Ψһ
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2930 ژ
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2931 صɽ
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2932 ϵ
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2936 
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2938 ׳ʿ
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ܳʼژжΣַ岻֪Ŀǰ˵еķ1041źɽʽսַ廹һİա
ͷʵǿԼ1041źɽͷʽսʱҲδȫ
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2947 
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һͷʣʱ1041źɽһͷǿֹΪո䱾츳ҲҪǿһЩα֪һ
1041źɽʣ׸ߣͷʳʮף
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2948 ҵĴ
900źɽ
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Ԫ˧սޱۣ߰ķ˪ʮ侲ɽ˱ܳӦԣһԪ˧ίΪ˴˧ûġ
һһ㣬ɺԪ˧ȥ̫Ԫͳ죬ɾսʿִУǧɽĴ½롣
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Ǳڣɱͨߣһɽȫ׶һ⣬ʮ޴һͬԱ

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2949 ɽ˱ը
ǿɽ˱ַѸٻɱژĸ棬ҰʱȥȽԴͷĸɱȼߵġ
ژڵĸȫɱߵĸֻ࣬нǧֻɽ֮صӰȴġ
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Щĸ棬롣
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ʱںǧɽ99%Ĵߣ䡣
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ֻҪַ岻룬ǧɽ޿תĴը΢΢ͨըҲܲңַģǾɽ֮صıըɽ˱֮ڡ
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ĺӵصӿ֣һ纣¥Ĺڵصףǹ£ֻ룬ʱɽ֮رø죬硣
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ҵĴųӰÿһƺһ޴ĿƼأһɫĿ֣һŤ۳һͼؿǷָƬ

Ĵݣ޾â֣һ١
ɽ֮أҪըˡַɫأüͷ壬޿ɵѣԵò԰Сֿ
ַ漴⼲۶ȥȻʱӵص״Ӵ罫ɽ֮صйַȫס
ãַɫ䡣
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ɫŰɫâǰ֣ٿȻַ֮ޱϵ˲ޱ;ȣɴ۾Ӵâǡ
Ǽ䣬ɽ֮ʱŤת޾âźַʱʧ١



2950 ɽ
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ѣǴĴԵ
˵֮ءôѵģ



2951 ׾
ںǧɽľѣַֻ֪ţ岢ǺĪ֮أ֮ôȫûͷ
˵ֱӳ˯Ȼôַô˵ģǺܿ϶ϾÿߵľѶͬѷʽҲָ
ߣÿһ֮ضǴŽ룬δоֱ֮ӽߴߵġ
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ɽ֮ͨ1888ɽֻҪѣ֮ر֡
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֮صĿƣȵһУɽƿء
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׾ǵһ˵³Ԫ˧֪ǧɽ1888ɽÿһӦһ֮أܹ1888֮ء
С赶ݵͷ
Щ֮صľǿҲޣǿҲޣĲζǴߵЩǶߣЩǳߣЩ۷ߣȻǿľ֮أҲûﵽףΨС
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ʵҲΣɽ֮أɽԭ򡣡
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桭С赶˫
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̫ǿߣ
λֻ̫֮ΨһһǾǷ档֮ǿ˲ģǱҪгԽһеʵΪǿߡ



2952 
׾֮Ŀ죬ȥҲ졣
ַ壬ɽ֮øǿңȥɽ֮أƬ򽥽ָ
ȻνڸղŶԣʵҵĴųɽ˱Ű
֮ǰɽ˱Ҫǿࡣ
ÿʱỵ̈ڼӾ硣
ˣȥβ³Ԫ˧
ҲԾС赶ݵЩͨ潻ңַģҲ
ȻַС赶ҲԸȥ
Ҫַ֤ģһ
³Ԫ˧Ҳ裺ԼСġ
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βܷǸղ׾֮صĽ٣ԭƽңĸ治֪٣ЩǶʱըʱܷβܣ䷱ܡ
վھӵԲϣ鷢
֮ǰַûģֵ³Ԫ˧С赶ɡ
ߵЧ൱ǿ³Ԫ˧츳Ӧ൱񣬾Ǽֻĸ涼ܵԶǱ³Ԫ˧˳
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С赶ǿҲûͷۡ
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鷳ˡ³Ԫ˧ɫء
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Щɫط޷򣬵õģ켣ǳֻ
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2953 
ԿĲϤַתһַ֮֮ƷͼַսӶֳһڲͬİء
ǵַƾս⾳ɶһý飬ȥ
ر
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ƺһַ򡣡ַսʩչ򱶣һЩͷ
ԼϤ淨Ҳλ򣬶Ǻİһַ򣬵ǿ
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Ҷ׺ɷ򡣡
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û´ӦǺɺɽ˵ɷ򡣡
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һıͬʱҲһǿߣӵкɺ
˵ɷòԱɣַɽӡľԱȫ·ƣʵôǿƫƫͰԱһС
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ΨһܵģǿаԼ
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ʱգܳΪ³Ԫ˧һĶףҪ﷮ĲΣ̫ңԶˡ
̫ԴԵֻһ档



2954 Ǹǻ
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Ҳ޷ĵ򣬴ʱȴһųۣƮɫ̤Ĳƽ磬һжôľȻ򣬲
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2955 ʢ
900źɽ
Ȼڶѷ׷׳룬ӾӢȻפƬ򣬲ܳǷʯ٣ɽǷᷢըǶ뿪
Ϊһ뿪ɽȴδը彫1źɽӿ롣
İ̡Ԫ˧ߣһż̵ͬ˴Ԫ˧֮һİ̺Ԫ˧
ʲôİ̺Ԫ˧⡣
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ղһ˲䣬ɽ˱Ӿ磬ɽ΢ը֣֮Īͣİ̺Ԫ˧ʼ硣
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2956 
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˵ûɽ˹Ȼᶯַ֡ǻһĨ΢Цжʱӿֳ
ˣԼԸôһЩ



2957 ˶
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2958 
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2960 ɫ
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2961 ҵ
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2963 绯
ңɽ˵绯ַҲɵۡ
Ƿ׿˵ַôҲţԼܷͷɡɽˣⲢɽ˱飬Ҳɽ˵绯
Գȷɽ˵ıʣ绯ǳʵĳژ
ȷ绯档
գѻɱɽˣ绯Ϊ֮˴κ߽롣Уַпǧ
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ȴԲİ˽׺ɷ
̫׵ֵ׾ܵסҲľ޴
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ܿ죬ȥټԪ
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ӵһЩΧס󣬺ϪͬĽ֡



2964 
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һۼĽɫβôŵ棬ļµһԪ˧ɫӸ࣬һͷŭҰޣʱᱬ
·ǰ˴Ԫ˧ʱɫ԰ףҿ
˭ӾһԪ˧Ȼŭ
հ˴Ԫ˧Ըʮؾ֮һһԪ˧ԼΪ³ʮؾ֮Уһطչ׳󣬻鷳
˽ľԪ˧ϥأҧء
շʮؾǰʵģľԪ˧ڰ˴Ԫ˧ʵڵڶλֵӾ
㻹ҳǰһԪ˧¶һѳּ̧һľԪ˧ƺһѪա
ˣһҲԹԡ
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һԪ˧ľԪ˧ڵķŭԽľɱǧ򱶡
ϢӾֳʱһԪ˧˲ʱ͸Ϊ֪ʲôշľʾˡ
ǧɽԴݿսɱ壬Ӿôɱ
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ӣ仯ĶľҲ޼ƿʩ
ϥصľԪ˧¶м֮ɫѽ߾ȫҪӾ
һγӾȷΣְ𣬶Ԫ˧˵Ѿ
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飬̨ף翨³Ԫ˧ԣĿǰڲвҡ
ƽ֣ݺ飡

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£Ҫһ׺ɷɣԪ㣬˵Բˣ߽׺ɷѶȸߡ
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绯ȻһԵɣַͬ屾Ǳߣַں֮һϵ츳裬֮һ
Ǭܴⰵ죬ﵽԪޣַԶԶ
ⰵΪ淨ޣ׺ɷ
ˡ
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1绯1888С绯ɽ绯
£߲С绯ַҲԣ绯Ϊһ壬ȻС绯൱һģ1888Сġ
绯ȴܺԴ
С绯Դ
ȫΪһ壬γɽ绯׺Դ
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2965 Ŀ
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ܽС绯ģֻΨһһɷﵽԲһ
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2966 ټˣǧɽ
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绯С绯Ϊһ壬һòֻû֦Ҳֻ֦ȴûɡ
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ԼںϺ300Ԫͬݺһһ
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2967 Ǿȱ˰
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ã͹˵ַʮѸǰ̫Դ棬ԼҪǰػ֣˳Ž̫Դ档
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88ֵ㣬88֧ɾפ88̫Դͨ
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ңԶһҲûɶӣͨʿӵ̫ݣΪ̫ߣҲˡ
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2968 һǳϸ
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ȫ֪ԼҲǵһֻ̫֤֪֤й£δɫɫ

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굽ʲôôӵȿֲı
һǳϸӳԽҧأʱиǿ϶ߣôôֲ
ôĲֹԣԱͬǣϸַģЩӦϳǵպɨ̫ڵַ塣
ټԪȥ̫̫á
ַ壬ͱ
ο֮ǰɫȦ𾯱ÿһ߶Ϊ϶ַ⣬˭ֻȥʶ
ܲ˵ģӳҧгݵԲίȫΪˣҲҪϣﲻ18ŵĶ飬սʿ˿Ӧͨȥ
ܿ죬72ɾĶǿ߾ͻᵽ
սﵽײεļ޴ߣ
Ǳߣȴ֤߼Աȫˣ鷢̫ͻȻ˭Ҳ벻
һ֤ʧܣ֮18Ŵ֣߳Ӧ׾ٽ£
µģǵ18š
꣬ǹɣ
ġɵַۣԣıʿ˿֮Уȫо磬·һ޴ռ串ǣ޷
۷Ԫ𰡣
еٮٮߣ
ڣʶֵַǰͺһֻ׵ĸһ޷֮
ԣһΡ
ӹµµתŵ18ʿһģһĪ࣬߶ǱҲɣ
˵
ֵַܡðĹ



2969 ܺú˵
72ֵ㣬һƬҡ
µߣ͵͵ߣ䣬ֵ㣬ӵĹϽǲΪ̫Σա
뵽Ϊֹûκ
ȻǸǿЩ̬18ŵĴǰһƺûɢ̫⣬Ҳûκλţͷβƽ
ϸӳС绯
˿ǿ϶⣬Ȼôôֲʵ޿ܣȻĿǰһͿԲģֵ㣬Ǿֱ
ѷɣ
־ܣӲߵģԺݺݵַ壬Ŀ
ΪʲôҪߣַЦԷǵؿԣ18ŵĴ߾һͷţƵģ׼һ¾Ͳı䡣
ԼҪߣˡ
е£ԼΪʲôҪߣ
οܵýܲԶ̫Դ档
ˣ˫¶ŨŨɱ⣬ٲȻ֮ǣٿؼԶէ֣ʱЦ
ߣ۷ߡַҲоߵϢǰֻµĶߣʵҪǿࡣ
߳䣡
ϢһһԶֱȡַ塣
Ӱδ
һǽսǿߣһʩչǻ
ųų֪ͨıǵ18ŵų͸ų18פҲʶ졣
Ե˷ֻάһɲǣĿɿڴ
䣡
δĸų˲䱻С绯֣ٲά裬ɫĿ̲غɷֱӽѹƣҵųƽⲻֹɫһƬҰס
һһˡ
ֻգ֮䡣
һַʰԶһǿէȻ֣ǲ۷ߣµĴ߼ǿߡ
үԾ䡣
72ֵĳУһʵףǵ72ֵĴԪ72ɾǰӾսֵ㡣
ھУʵ׵Ĵߣ֮Ϊս
үս֮һ
һɫսͷ֮ϣԳĳǿߣľǣԳԲףɷ൱֮ߡ
Ǻү
Ǻү
˧
ս֮
ߣǿӵˣԵ72ֵľǿ˽⣬ǻ̫ԪԼλս
үһ֣һƬ
еĳꪻӳ޾ɷ磬ʧɫ
үУֱȡַ壬ҲЩΪΡ塯ֻϢ
һܺú˵ġַΡ
һȫΪԼ壬ȫͲ塣ý㣬õ㣬ѲɻЦеغ˵
ַԲô롣
Ҫ˵Ҳȴ˵
ϣֱƿС绯үѷɫ񱩣ƺܴݻɫַꪴ壬ΧռŤ
Ĺַս֣ӭү޵֮ʱǿֹʮ̫Ǵﵽ桯硣
УԴԲ
̫ԱѪ׵ַʩչ£̫֮ԶҪǿ࣬طɫꪽ˲ռϷ硣
绯ַүսޱ⡣
ʩչĽֻС绯δˣȫ߼ޣǵ棬Լռðˡ
෴ǻֳһʶȥС绯ѹ
ս
үȫַ֪룬ƴֵŶûĵүޱȣδǿ֣ûôȡ
δ𣬿Ǻһļ޴ߡ
ѲүԽսԽľʵ֮ǿϣԽսԽԵֵƺء
Χ۵Ѿˡ
֪ĺү
һáѷѽ⡯
·磡
ȻվڲͬҲΪַʵ𾪣ԭΪֻǿʵү濹⣬֪䱾ʵһҲ
壡ȻԸϣַүսҲ֪塯ʵǿ
үĿûл֮
̫ˡү߷ˣвţҪǰٿһЩǿˡ
ٿء
~~
ռ֣һǿϢ˲併١

ꣿ
ǡ
ӿռ̤ΰӰһλף
ݴˣүһʲô磬״˶ˡ



2970 ԭַ
88ֵ㣬88֧ɾ88̫Ԫͳ졣
ӵ̫Ԫ100һǲԸͳɾһ½Ϊ̫Ԫɾʱûпλá
ݼ̫ԪҰ׵һ֡
׼ȷ˵ͳɾˡݡλ͡
˴γӾɾȫ88ֵսǿߴ⣬ʮλ̫ԪһЩ
72ֵ㣬ǃݼ̫Ԫ
԰ľȱԻûôŵųҲ񣬳ս⣬˭Ҳ벻𡮴񡯡
һ΃ݼ̫Ԫսġ
ͣ֡ݼ̫Ԫһ֣Ϣǿ̫Ԫеλϵף
ӲʲôʲôʵλߵһĿȻ
̫Ԫˣʲô塯Ȼڽӡ
ˡү˳սȦ΢΢һͷϾ亹ԪһЩ¾Ҫˡ
Ŀַ壬үϷַܣɫ糣ûκүҲɻ󲻽⡣
е֣ȫ塣
Һ죬
ַ壿ݼ̫ԪǺһЦַ塣
ǣַ岢ʶݼա
ݼ̫ԪԪ˧ҹġ
ŶַȻղ鷳һʱ֪ͨ˿³Ԫ˧ϾʶĴв࣬ұַҲҿ³Ԫ˧³Ԫ˧Ƿһθ
Ԫ˧ûʱôַʵ
ݼ̫ԪҲûʱ䣬ֻǴӾҹʲôܰæġ
ԭˡַͷ

߃ݼ̫ԪַǱߺүԵȴЩ£ɶͷԣȫ֪ʲô
ڲӦô֣һôôˣ
ĵݣƺǣ˵еġ³Ԫ˧
ӣһ¡ݼ̫ԪԺү֣Цŵַ壬̫СӢۣҲ㲻ʶˡ
ַ塭үʱǾϸϸַ壬ٿͫĪǡսǸַ壡
ӦҰɡַЦ
ǣүַ壬еģޱƣͬڵַʵøǿ۷
֣ô޶˶ʾүԣַһս̫˲ʶ󳬼ַһһѵ塣
ҲǺַΪչʼژɡ
ʼژү̓ݼ̫Ԫ𾪲ѣַҲӾ
ַ΢΢һӾгʼژ
̫ʮؾλӾַ֪ٿՃݼ̫Ԫԣ³Ԫ˧˿Ӿʱ˲ԤС
壬ֳˣ
һǳӾ
ݼ̫ԪɫأѳΧ˳壬һԪ˧ͳ˴Ԫ˧ҲӾ
ַ겻ѡ
չٶԪƺ仯˺ܶࡣ
յĳژӾںǧɽַ͵
ݼ̫ԪһĴָ³ȥǧɽʼژĲǾӴߣԭַ㣬
ҡַһʴĿɨΧﲻǺܷ㣬ǻطİɣԪˡ
õģݼ̫ԪԺүͷ漴ַ뿪
үԲַ֪ݵʱ򣬾֪δ¼ȻַԵ֮£үȻ
ΪչʼژԶʾ
ԭַ塭үַȥӰпѣû뵽ַܺ彻һʵʵֵóޡ
ڵʵȫս񡣡
ʱֻֻ̫ٴηڡ

ߺү꣬Ǳߵ18ŵĴǴסǶַС绯ƷΧڣַݼ̫Ԫ̸
̫𾪣
˭뵽ǸղΧ˵ľ̫СӢۡ
Ը޹⣬ûַݣ֪ͨУΧַ壬һɴ
ֵַܣ̫ţˡۼַɱķ֮ݼ̫ԪƽƽĽѣĳӢ׶ҵ
֮£־Ӣʿʲô
Ĳһ㡣
𰡣𡭡ȷַݣַ֪ʵ֮ǰǻȻ
ôǿ̫졣
һȻǹ



2971 Ťʱ
Ԫַݼ̫Ԫϥ̸
֮ǰַ壬ݼ̫ԪֻǶţַеı֣ʵݼ̫Ԫеޣܽ72ֵս֮һĺүѹƣַʵ
߻ݼ̫Ԫһ֪
ַʵںү֮ϣҲضá
ɺУλʲôģҪõϿɣֻлʵʵ
ստʼãַ循
ûݼ̫Ԫ18ԪǰӾ֣֮һʰһӴӾӿ˳
ַ˼
Լɽ֮رչس300Ԫ֮ǰжϣǧɽĳֻǻӣע⣬޽ɳ²֣ɵľӾˡ
֮ӾǱ300Ԫ
һ˵Ǳ֣˵ǳ岻ټǱ
ֻӾڲȫռ졣ַ尵̾ӴӾǧɽֵһᣬ̫ࡣ
һݷ̫ˡ
˵ǧɽͻȻһϮսôӾǳɱУﱸ300Ԫһ֮ս
壬̫ľս
Ԫ˧жϣ濴ӾʵѳΪĳѨ޴ڡݼ̫Ԫ˴ҾɵһԪ˧ȫϸϣŶܴƯʤ̡
ϣˡַͷҲû̫ģϾⳡսĹģ̫ԶԶԼΧȲεս֮ǰʮС
ĳȻڡ
ѹַûϢԭ̫ô¡Ϊ̫ǿߣǻüëæ÷Ͼ
³Ԫ˧ַ븴һλߣݼ̫Ԫʵ
ǵģݴԸæַʵ
ݼ̫ԪǺһЦֻͨӦû⣬Ҫ۷ԪɳܲɺĹɡ
й򣬺ɺҲй
Ϊ
ֻ漫£ﵽܿɺĳ̶ʱܸɺǿߡȻ֮һףʱռȫ͸С
͸ʱͿռ䣬Ťʱա
ŤʱգǿиߣߵʵԽǿɺĹɾԽǿҪߣΪ߱ѳͣԺɺƻʶɺֹҪߣ൱ɺΪУµǴޱȿ£ǿ緮涼
гһգҶḴʦַûκζҡгһܳסɺǴʱʦ֮ա
Ϊ󻰣ͨ߶޷
ǿȣ˴绯ַѲףҲǣԷ裬̫ࡣ
֮һף϶ѽϡСλ͸λʱͿռ˵ЩɷĻﵽԲΡ
˵覣ԺɺǿֻҪ̫͸Щ׾١
𣡡ݼ̫ԪѯһЩԪߵϣ漴Ťʱա
ֻҪܲѯ׼ȷϣԪֹ߳Ŀռ䡢ʱ䣬㲻̫ѡԪĸǼ򵥵ģϾ䲢á
ȻǶ˵һαչǧԪԪԪʱǶݡ
һԪ˵үүѾ̫á
ŤʱաַĿãݼ̫ԪҲûַܿ壬Ťʱյķ򲢲գֻҪʱͿռ͸ɣĿǰ˵ַ廹ĺԶ
ռѾ̶
ַռ䷽λѶϤֵ㣬ʱѸٵصˣӰһ㣬򱶵ٶȷɳۣҲֵһʮģ
ˡ
У϶¼Ԫ뿪̫ԴѶϢ
ЩԾ˵ҵϡ
׼ȷʱλá
ܵĴ棬׷ݵԪ֮ǰ
ȻҪʱ䵹˵ǰԶҪķѼľ
Ԫ߸ѣʦЩ鷳ԼʦֻǺڶǿߣ̫Դδ̫ۼǵ򣬶糾һ㡣
֪ʦģڵʱС
ӦҲͶķһʱ;
ֻҪﵽײΣʵܼ򵥡
ַ忴Ńݼ̫Ԫʱɫأ˸âʱűûƺѽӽĿ㡣
ž
ŤĻ棬ͣ˲䡣
߷ݼ̫ԪоһֱŤʱգϸ΢һ˲һӰԪУŤʱʧ
Ԫߣ



2972 үү̧̫
̫72΢ǡ
ǵĴɼǴ߶вʮ̫ݺ󣬳鵽ľס֮ر΢ǡ
þûˣһԪڴ۷Ԫ΢С
ٺ٣οҪұȥˡʮ΢һ㶼ΪΣȻξ̫ˣδʱѴﵽ޵İ峤峤ͻһ
ܺԴؽ硯ʮʵɲ⣬΢ɳƵһԣʢ
ĽսĴߣʮܡ
ܹһüš˶ʮܾ
֪ˣջһ޴ߡٶԪദһԪʮƵΪֵܶҪ׽
ԴָʮȻڶ̶ʱﵽ۷ԪΣսߡ
һԪ㣬ߡ
츳ͼȴַ壬ʮﶼĺԶ
ǡʮ󣺡ʲô⻪ǵһǿߣһ̫ˣǳսʮֲ֧дǰֺֻͷƨҷһ
⻪ǵһǿߣ
٣ʮڵսѴﵽײΣ
⣡ʮĪ֮һǰ͵һâÿҲҪϢĸӦʮ϶Ƕ˼ĺ롯Ĵ硣
һǣ
ַ֮䣬żǣ
үү
һԪߣԭڴϲöʱޱ
ϤӰԭء
ʲôүүд磡ʮûһԵڵأһһԪԴҽɶӡ
һԪԪЦӯӯһԪЩʪ벻Լһ컹ܱ¼һԪ
үүһԪʱѻعϤӣϤүү˭ˮֹס˳鳲һԪֱ˵Ԫϣƺͯһ۴ޡ
ɵӡԪ߱һԪһԪԴȻαˣһԪϢһүĸκθı䡣
Ѫڵ顣
~ʮҲһ˵ַϡ
סַЦţһƿʮӶ꣬˲Цա
磬
ţǿˣܡ
Ҳǣ硣
ߣдһ£
⣡
ս񣬸һе˴ʵ԰಻ס
ַ֪õ֮УͻƴߺʮﵽжǿʮҲ֪ټԪкμ
ԪߺһԪַʮһС
ַָʮס֮ϷɫҲһĹų΢Ƿһ֪ʲơ
ж磿ʮＷüŪۣٺһЦ
šַȷʵиж
Щ꣬ʵʵڵģŪ١
ʮͷԭСʮģ벻ɣС¥޸־ò뷴ֲֵֿˡ
ָţܺãʵ޻߶˴ʮŽɫң
ǰͦʵ޻ġַЦ
һԪҲֲ֧
ԪΣһ·϶𾪣δ΢ǣҲδ̫Դ棬Ϊ̫ߡ
ںɺֵ̫ͨһᡣ
Ԫ߶̫Դ֪֪ܶ࣬һӵ˺լĽҪεȵԴͨġ
һԪĶеλɣԪߴ
ǰүүˣ𿴶ֻǸ̤ߣԪʱѾܻܴߣ߼ǿ߶֡ʮһԪԺ
ѹ֡ԪףҵǵĸˡȻЩԪҲСǳ֮ˣܸѾ㡣
ɺÿһԪȥߣܸж٣
Ԫߣ̫ˡ
һԪͽ˭ȽԪ߲ʵ
үүͽܣ˭һԪʵ
Ԫһ磬ַ壿
Ŷүү㲻˵ҶˡһԪԼҲһ֣ٿѹүүЦˣʵôʹȡ
㲻۷ԪôԪߺַֻ𡣡
һԪЦүү㲻֪ڻʱѾɺ޵֣˳ŰѻҲȫ˸飬ɺ˭֪磬ʵڴǰж߲㻹Һʹȣǡ̧̫ˡ
ԪҲЩ㶣ַ塭ô
Ϳģ˸ͽܣ



2973 ôɣ
һԪ¶֮ɫҴСŴ磬Ҽ־ᶨҲˣûûڵǡ
ֹңԴҲĵүү㿴ǸۡҶǡָ粻ƨĵĸж磬ʵƷ
ַ壬һԪж飬ַѾԶԶԴʯ˵Ƶϲ֮ͺԴȣ֮
һԪַʵԶ֮ϣĶ磬ʵףûӮ硣
ܣַֻ
𣬿ȼ޴ߣԪߴӵۣһһ㶵ģ֮ǰΪͽ㣬붯׸ڿƺ
֮ǰ̫ԪͽַĶԻƽȵĶԻ
ΪԪ߶ԣܱǿԪǿѾܲ˼ˣ˵ȼ޴ߣ̫˼
ǽȥˡһԪŴͶͣ˽Ų
ǲȥԪߵ
һԪҡͷˣүүŰɡ
ʣʶ̣ӵԼ壬ڵס300ԪһԪѲȵԪ䲻СҲֻ࣬ǵ棬һԪġ
ɺ

΢ǣ
ÿһɾѡٵ൱̫ߵɵ͵߷Ϊ19ǣԼΨһһ10ǡ
ݴʵ͵λ̫ȨѡһλƱ10
ûۻɡְھ޴ϡ
ģò绨ӡŮʡͬһ۷ߡ
Ҫѡλ5ϣұõ105̫ߵĵʵҪ󣬶൱ߡ
5̫ߣ̫ԴѾܸߡ
ͨ1̫ߣнܳ׵ľΪ2̫ߣʵﵽ߲ſɽ3̫ߡ
5̫ߣҪôΪףҪôʵ۷ϣ⹱ס
֮ǰ΢ǶӵľУ6̫ߣҲ΢ʵǿĵ٣ףһüŵθְ
䱾ڳƷвʵҲﵽҪ󣬹ʶ߰ԪǰɹΪ6̫ߣʱ΢ϻ¡صĻʽ
6̫ߣ̫ԴǷǳˡ
ڡ
΢У߸λϵĺȻһ7̫ߣ
ǾܸλȼŮ΢ǴСС񣬿˵ûŮʣûڵλ߸ϵ
ԣֱӸģһֱӸ7ǣһЩȨޣܲ鵽ϣһЩϡ
֤ͼ鶼ǾӸģֻܸ7̫ߣҪ8ϣҪ֤
Ͼ̫Ӣۣڷ̫˺һʡŮʵֱ֪λ7̫ߵݣ300Ԫǰ̫䶯ġַ塯¡
ֻǺַ𼣣ͺͻȻƵģȫûϢ
ͻȻð˳ҳΪ̫ߡ
ˣҲֻܸ6ǡ˼⣬λҪεȿ̣5ǵ6Ѽѣٶķ˲ʱ䡣
Ҫ67ǣѱȵ졣
һˣֱӴ7ǣ
ǾӸ߲㣬Բַ֪ںǧɽµĹͣȴݻٳʼژ1źɽĳʼژӼ
7̫ݣһҲݡ
ȻھӿַʵͬΪ7̫ߵĺԪ˧۹ף۶̫Ӱ죬ַѴﵽ׼
ôʲôŮʰһɷ򣺡һ׾׼ϵͳǲλַܳΪ7̫ߣǲ֪ԵС
ڿԿ϶һ£ַջ̫ݣô
㶣ʲô
ŮָɷţǱϵ̫߶ҪǩԼָӵصģ
Ŷ˼
ŶʲôŮȥݼַ壬΢ǣ7̫΢ڵ򽫳ΪӰ֮һ
ԼǣڷӦϲɫ
Ůżȵɷַ֪ģ
⡭εһЦǿܣ΢Ȩ޲ѯܿһˣַڡ
ָ
ŮҲһʮָ
ôɣһۣЩȻ



2974 Щݰ
ָ
ܸʰ·磡ʮŵҾ
ʲô嶼δʩչַȻʧЦεʮͱʮܴΪ¥ó֮һǵǿĺԴ
ʮʼ磬ɨһ޾Ҫֳ壬ٴٱҪݡ
Ӧóһ˰ɣַ
ʮͷ37ǧܾûñսˣټԪȥɶˣһϢûУҪǾ֪ͨǣΪء
˵ַ
˵ʮӴָȡһ±ȣ̵ؿ
ַҲʮɽ֮طһһʮ渵ʮ±ȣſû£һ˫۾ɵü
ɽˣ
棿
绯
ϢЩ󰡡ʮǱųһ仰ˣ
ţ˰ɡַδ뷮潻ôΣȻǼˣο滹һ˿Լڡ
硣ʮĴָóϷѹָղдʱôǿһʲôԴԭɽ˵绯ǿ
С绯绯ǿַЦ
۴ĸ˵绯С绯Ҫǿöࡣ
ʮһ㵣Դղûȫʵ
ַЦЦ
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õ֮еĶʮٶԪڻͨʵɲ⡣
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ޣһԪ˧Ҳɱͫƽ³Ԫ˧Сһôˣ



2986 һǷô
棬
ͬǶףʵȶɮ͠d̫ӸǿһȣǺ֮һ׺ɷ򡮹Թ⡢ʱ䡢ˮ֮Ϊ壬Ϛ汾ʣ
ַܶɮ͠d̫չֳʵܚгɿܡ
˳ϣһ޷ܚ棬ڶʵַ֮࣬岻Ț
ҪǿַķŵڼҾõⲻ󣬹ؼǺǧѩıƴ
ַôӮùǧѪˣd̫һս£ַƾƠd̫ӵĺԴδǧѪˣһսܡ
ǧѪŮʱϾ֮𼶱ʱ޵Уַ岻ܳ
ǧѪŮʣΪ֮֮һںɺż֮ΨһŮӣ˹עҲǿڷ˱뺷ս
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ֻ޷˵еĹ»Ͷѡ
ˡַһ״̬ѵ۷壬d̫һսĲСһ绯Ĵַܵ˲ء
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ĵ̡
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һεıըֲıըں׺ɷ𡯣Ȼ޷С绯ﵽԲΣϵ൱ֲ
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޿ɱܵĚ棬˲ش
ˡȡַԲٸκλᣬ绯ȫѹܿ㽫ɱս
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2987 ؽ
ɫıַǰ
˿̵ַâɣƣǺɺʷϵĸɨǿߣ̫Դĵһ
ؽȻ׺Դַ岢⡣
ɨĽǴܺԴѡһ֮ǰѡԴֻǵõ绯ԴԵе㼦ߣνʱȫﻻ
ַڵĳȣ޷ӴܺԴǿ
Ȼӵ׺ԴְͼַʵڿµĶࡣ
Ҫãɽ˵С绯ֻǿԴַںϣ100%ȴ绯ʵá
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Ĵ绯ȴܺԴС绯Դ绯1888С绯ϣɽ绯̬׺Դ
ַȫɽ绯ԲԶ
1888С绯δȫգ˵д绯Լȫںһ壬Ҫһ׺ԴҪķѴʱ;׶һַΪɽ绯ںϣѾ򱶲ֹ
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ַ弸ҪѡеĿ͹עȫ۽һͨѩףźսϣͺѩɽĴڣҫ۵ǿǳ
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žֱַסս˲ʱӿۻǿһ͸תȫַܸоս˳κϲá
սѩ

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ĸɨǿߣܺͬһʱ̫ˣĽ̫ܵһǿߣ֪Ԫʱܷƺɺļ¼
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Ϊ֮ǧѪŮʡΪ𺳡
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21ֻԪſս񽫣ʵǿġǴۡûзΪδһ߽ܡ
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ʱѡŻ񽫵ĽȻЩͺɨؽȲֵһᣬСҲ⣬񽫽оϲ
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֮ǰɮĽʧ⣬d̫ӵ񽫽ַ屧ϣһΪ֮һӦá
ΡֱַѡС



2988 ̩Ľ
ַĿǰǳɽ壬ۺɺʷ𼶱ﵽɽģַҲǵڶⲢǼޣԪǡ
֮壬ɽ壬Ԫ壬Ϊ֮һߵһ
Ǵߣӵг֮ĶΪУ˵ɽ塣ͻƴߺȫ죬ٸıϼѡ
֮ͨ壬ͻҲֻǱɺ֮塣
ĳɽ壬ͻ׻Ϊɽ塣
Ҫﵽ׾ĺԪ壬ȱͻƴʱɾͳԪ塣
ҪɾԪ壬̫ѡ
ۺɺҲֻԪ壬ʶʱɽ˲ϧһдҪַǷǿֹɺֵԪ塣
ɽӵеĺ㹻ɱַԪ壬ֻôĴַ
ԪͺһﵽµĿףܸɴȻǼѣʵǿдϣǿ׵ȫѹ塣
ַ֪ʵҲͻԪʱﵽԪ壬ҲûҪ
Ԫʼ̨ס
ﵽԪǿϽʱȫ绯ӵк֮ĺһ׼ͻƴʱ˳ˮۣͻԪ塣
ҪѷԪʱ뽫֮һ¡
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꣬ӽ֮ꡣ
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κһ֮һΪ۷壬ǵһ׶ѴﵽƩַԾɱᣬΪףӵеǴ֮ǳ֮
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ҪɾԪ壬ͻƴʱȻȫ죬̶ֹ޷ԭġ
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ԪԪ꣬ԪģΪԪ塣
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d̫ǰɺһػ棬ԠdΪ֮
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ڴԲʺϣΪԲǿͻԪףʱРd°빦ܴﵽļ¡
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ȻʵȠd̫Ӹǿǿһַ岻Ϊᳬd̫ӣϾ͸񽫱йء
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ãʸ׺ɷ򡮹
ãСʸóĳ׺ɷ򡣡
֮ǰҲó֮һʶַ˵ַҲ⣬ϾѡһĽߣȫҪ
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սѩַ׺ԴܺԴַ嶼쿴ۣ˵ԴԴ
ΨеЩڴ
ֻǺ֮һĺɷҲá
ַں֮һȽǳҪΪߣ֮һ¾УҪΪף֮һҲ¡
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ȻСַ嵭ȻһЦ
ѶϢӿʱ֪׺ɷ򡮹Сʻõ׺ɷ׺ɷ׺ɷ֮˵
׺ɷԲΪͨס
׺ɷԲΪס
ܴ
ַڵսףӵʱɸ׺ɷ𡯣С绯ɷӳ߽׺ɷ
׺ɷһôûС
ַ岢û̫ʧֻûоϲѡ
Ľ׺ɷ򡮹ĸ
ԼҲȥķʱ
ޣѶϢĽԽԽַ࣬ͫ¶һϲɫȻⲢ׺ɷ򡮹Լ˵ȴȹõĶࡣ

Ҫġ
ȫѶϢַüẹ̈ͷ
ͬԼġ



2989 Ԫ
Ȼ֮ǰĽ⣬ֵƱˡַʮ񽫵ĽǱȽģȻʽĽսѩ֮⣬ѡȫ
ЩãЩǿãҲЩǳá
ЩЧΣַ嶼ʱʹãһеȵͻԪСͻƳΪԪ𣬸涼棬ĸ
ʱʹýЧԱƵļ㡣
ַ壡
ڼˣǺɨַ尡˲ò࣡
̫ˣҵż񣡡
ֻأôһ׵ģ
ַ壬̫Ӣۣ

ռ䣬߶Դ·սѽȺۼż񡯣ָоӽŵֱǣȫˬ
ַ񲻽̫ɺ˲֪˲
ɨ
ͺɨȫ
۷սҲף۷սǿǶףɺκһףǶžҪĴ
ֻϧڡַȫĮӡ
ΧĽݵĿ⣬ȡֱַ뿪Ȼַֻܴһ¡
ͻԪ
һ̣Ѿȴá
Ծ˵ͻԪѣҪﵽףַ˵¾㱸Ҳȱ磬ֻҪսһֱˡ
Ըˣ谭
صָһԪʦԪһַչء

ַӵеǿ׵ĳɽ塣

ַӵк֮绯
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ַ棬Ŀǰɺ𼶱һۺɺԪ𼶱ĶҲ
ַߵ̵Դһ·Ҳﵽ״̬ƿأƿأڳɽطļӳ£൱ס
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ѶߵԴһ·ַԸѹ̬ͻƣûκӣȱһȫڼƻԤ֮С
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ʱյַɾʹߣǿȿףеֻҪǱ㹻ܳΪߡ
ַ䲻棬棬ֻ¡
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һ潫ﵽ£ɺǿԴߵľ̬
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Цַһ˾Ժɨ棬־ƾʲôֿʵѹӶУδɢΪĴ塣
֮иҪӶҲܿÿһ䣬άһֻе
ȵ־ַ־ںϵ棬棬ʱûд塣
ڶַ˵Դ֮·Ѷȡ
ԻȪǰԵѣȫơ

Ⲣ׷
ǺǣkоˡַһЦ𵴣ԺɺĴ·ҲΪԼͻԪеˡ
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Ϊkивڣȵ󣬸ܲԼͺƴһһ֣һڲҡ
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һ޷ƽϢн̤ƽ۹һжݻ١
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ȷѡ񡣡ַϵ绯ĺǿɱպ壬ɫơ
£ҲԹ۵ġ
һᾡȫ
ǰ㣬ǰԼ



2990 Ҫǿһ
ַ壬طռ䡣
ʮ񽫵˵಻࣬˵Ҳ٣ЩںɺٵõģƩ׺ɷĸ򣬶ֱӹԺеĳ
˵Բɷ
˵ȴȸԲɷߡ
ΪɳϾܴﵽɣֻҪʲ̫ɷڻͨʱնܴﵽԲĲΡ
սֻǺɺ֤ʵ֮
ĽǷǷġ
ַֻڵ۹⣬еߡ
ҵ棬δﵽµַĿֻǶ־Դ֮·ô֮һɣ˵ǰ϶־Ҳ޷
ⲻַĿꡣ
뿪棬ַ̫Ŀ㷢˴ı䣬뷮ĽӴɽ˶һ֮󣬸ַļʯ
ҪΪɺǿߣ
ǳԽ֮Ĵڣ
Ҫ·ַԼȱʲô뷮ĽӴͽ̵ַġȻֻֻƬַ
Ϊ漸Ѵ˺ɺĶˡ
վڷĸ߶ȣĶַ忴ģǴͬġ
Զֱӣ⡣
ǿȣߵս
ȣߵޡ
Ƿַԡ
棬һߵҲҪĺģ汻ݻ٣߱㽫䡣汻ѹʱߵսԷӡ
ַʲô
ڶ֮ǺڶΪġ桯Ϊѿ״̬޷ɱ䡣
ΪʲôЩǿЩΪȲͬЩǷȱЩǷȱӽĵһ棬ԴҲž޴ࡣ
ΪԴͬ
һԴ̫Դ档
̫ԴԴǺɺ
Դͬȵһ֣ؼһ֡
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ȷԭ棬ҽ޲Դ֮·ǿ붼ܴﵽ۷ף׼ޡ
֮УԴߡ
ȪǰõصԴװУԴߴУ·ֻлȪ߹̫߹߾Ͷˣںɺ߹ĸࡣ
ң඼ɹˡ
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ٸߵޣ䡮ԴҲһԴ档
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̫׵һ棬Ϊ顣
һɨԪĴ棬˿ͬΪ̫֮ġǧѩ֮£ߵľԴ֮·
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Щಢ󣬵ΪﵽʱЩǺبĿľ޴ǵ
Ҫǿһ
ңҪ̫Դ档
֮ǰַ岢϶Լܷ̫Դ棬ͻԪʱ϶ˣΪо̫־Ĳ͵ķŭǳơ
ڵ̫־һǰδеĴѡ
֡
ʶkϾԸԼֻ˵kҲûԼϡ
̫ԴεӴ̲εȿֲҪɺڵԴ棬ǳ˵Ρ
ַ֪Ǵڵģֻ֮һ
Լϵ
ԼѪԴڵ档
棬ǵ̫Դ档
ʶԼϵѪͬԴ̫Դ棬ؼһѪԼϡ
Ҫ̫ף̫Դ棬Ǿܵġ
ԴؼģǡѪ
ѪϣʣµľǸ
Ͷ̫ԴȫѶȣַ̫࣬Ҳû°ٷ֮һİ̫ܶԴ棬սȤ
߾Լȫ
֮һ֮һȱһɡ
Ҫ̫Դ棬ұ¡
Ϊ̫ԴǼ£
ֻΨһһλᣬǾͻƴʱ
һͻƴߣ㽫ͣʱ޶ܡ
֮һַһģѾǳɽ壬Ԫ嶼ѾԶ֮һΪǳķδﵽԲԲԶ
̵һľ壡
ҪΪף̵ǿľ嶼òϣ˵Ϊ֮
ַĿ֮꣬ϣ
ʮ񽫵̵ֲһľ塣
ǚĽ



2991 
Ľǹһȫķ֧
׺ɷ򡮹Թ⡢ʱ䡢ˮ֮Ϊ塣1888֧ͬз֧׺ɷ򣬶Ǳ鼰һ׵ĸںϷ
ʱ䣬ʱռ䣬ʱˮȵȡ
κһɷ򣬶ǻĸϣӻϣںϺɺԭڵ⣬Ӷǿĺɷ
ַڻͨ׺ɷô
ȴаٰ档
ȻЩںϷ򣬲ܳ򣬵ݽ°빦θߵ棬򵽴Բࡣ
λʱ䡢ռ䡣
λ򣺹⣬ף磬ء
λ
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սʱ䡢⡢ˮҶܴﵽԲַ屾ʱͲףˮ֮䲻ôóλԲࡣ
ռУַǱ
Щ֮ĳڷռлãķ̫ʱ䣬ʱеĸ
ԪַѴﵽ£ʮԴޱȱ
ڷ棬ûȱݡ
λλλ򣬶ȫ
ֻ֮һȱݡ
˵ˣַȻȥ15ԪŽʱ䡢⡢ˮԲҲǳʮ׵裬10Դȫ͸
ʱˮķʱʱλ򣬱͸Ѷˮ֮Ϊַ岻óкķѵĶһЩַ֮˵ɡ
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ĹⰵһǺɷ򡣡
ãɴߡ
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Ϊεң棬Ѵޣֱޣֻ֤δƵʼ޷Ϊߡ
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ⰵѲͨ׺ɷ򣬹ⰵںϵĺɷ׺ɷ򣬹۷Ľ׺ɷ
һԪҪֱӸĽ׺ɷ۷ߣ
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ʱԼ֪Ϊ޷ΪߣͬܣԼͬὫͣҪôΪõԼҪô粻ͻơ
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ϵϣݱһ幥ƾӷߣӾΪţ̫Դ潫ΪجΡ
ַ̫ܶԴ潫ȫ
̫־޴̸
ңҲַġҡַԲԸ汻𣬵Ӷ˵ֵܣһɡ
ȻޣַҲ뾡Լһ
δŤתǬҲһսʵ
ңַԳژȤҲС
£
౦ַ绯սѩǷȱһ㣬ַǷ绯ػȱ㹻ѵķսס
װ䲻ҲֻͨԴĲΡ
ַȼսǰװΨһֻ¾ͺԣֻҪӡǣ㼸ᱻ
߲ÿĲһܿµװ
߲㣬սװ
ʮһ㣬װ
ʮ㣬װ
ʮһĺ඼ܡ
ַȻ֪ʮµװԴװַȻȱԴװҪںϣʡȴܶ
ҪľǷսѩϡ
ؼ
ַ޵ǵ
װֻǽ
ҺƷװսһеص㡪
ǿ޸
һ㣬ĽսҪ



2992 d
ӾɱޱȲҡ
ԾΪĵ̫ǿߣܵסϾ̫ǿʵƣ׶սʣ·硣
һһ̫׾ӾѰҳġͷ̫ʵۿۣʮԪսǿܻġ
Ȼĸ󣬵ռӾȡ֮ԴǵļԺԲƣ٣١
Ǵս
幥ǳǿ
ͬά棬ͬ磬ͬȺԣڤɱעصսעصǼս޷ǿһô¡
鷳ˡһԪ˧ӾҪڣͬʱҲһڣһݣ彫ֱ룬ɢ̫ڡ
Ϊһ˧Ҳࡣ
̫ǿߣõĶѾˣЩϳ֣ܱģ˵ٶҲûãϾǲǾߣ޷ǿǡ
ˣټ̫׾֧Ԯɡ³Ԫ˧ΪһԪ˧ĸ֣ĿǰսΪ˽⡣
һԪ˧ֱӷɫβֱĵ棬üͷ
˼ʱһϰߣ³Ԫ˧
ǴˣٶȣԪԪҷѵ³Ԫ˧¶ɫ
֪һƣΡ
һӾܽ߾ȫһ̫ڣô
ǽǽ
֮࣬ٶȺ֮죬һĶֵأٸԪܸ̫ԣķߣԲܱơ
ûõġһԪ˧˻ƣɫأټ̫׾ҲֻǹӲдֵԪԴͷ֮ԴԴϣᱻơ
³Ԫ˧ϼԪĿǰʮ̫׾Ѱӵ̫׾ܸʮԪѰʱ䡣
롣һԪ˧Ҳ֪ס
֣̽ʵݲô³Ԫ˧˵ûЧ˵Ŀǰѽ
Ͱ˵һԪ˧̾һ·࣬ѡЭ
Ըʵݲѡ
Ϊһ֮˧ܰϲ£ȫ֡

磬ռ䡣
ַʹ13񽫵ķʱʹõ14d޾d֮Уɫɻƣַ崸
ɺһģΨһһؠd
һ޶
d壬ͬǾ޽С
ֻлܠd̫ӣѡѡһʻáַõ14񽫽õһԼֵ˵ڵõһܺԴ
ַͬ岻ҪܺԴdֻ޿ȡ
ʱʹãҵǿֻڲɵĹЧʱԪʱܶࡣ
һǱ״̬һδĵ״̬
Ҳв죬Ҳв죬ЧʸԶ
ҪǿԪԲܣΪӵг֮󣬾ζꡢ϶ΪһҪôһͻƣҪôԭء
ֿû⡣
ٱٱͰٱʱ㹻֧ţͻƴʱɴɱ䣬ɾͳԪ塣
10
12
15

dЧѡ
ַ޷dֱ̫ӽ֮Ҳǽ׼1ͻԪʱַdȫλ
Ψһϧǣʱ䲻
ʱ㹻dܽ100Ҫ֪100ҲԪԪѷɫרһĳ֮
d̫ӵ޾dĳ֮
18
ˡ
ַ彥оdʧҲ㡣
18ʱ18սһءʱַû100%İյϺʮ㣬ϾǷֿģɼֻʹ֮һ
ʱַ壬Ҫ绯ɷ𡯲ܴﵽײεս
ڣַѴﵽս
ɵϺʮ㣡
ʮһĺ뿪ռ䣬ֱַǰ߲ںɺеĺغδ֪
˵δκһߵǶ
֮
ʲôܣҲֻ֪֪ɲ⣬ִ˵硡
ˡַһֱغ߸Ŀע£Բɺһ޶ĺֱɼ
ս



2993 ɼʮ
ɼϵ߲Ϊߣսװ
ϵʮһ㣬Ϊߣúװ
ʮ㣬Ϊż
ʮĲ㣬Ϊס
ַʵһ·ͨ裬ǳɽң׺Դսѩַս
̦
ΪԲ
ǵʮĲ׿ߣʵɱᣬסַһ18ַֻԪսѼȿֲ
ʮ㣬ף

ƾеĵɽǿ淢ӵ£Ԫʵţ׵ĺبַǰһ̣ʧӰ
ַ壬ϵʮ㡣
˸Ԫ˧߸һ㣬ս
ںɺսʣҲϿɵģûκè壬һһսжʵܵ϶ٲ㡣
ʮ㣬һ޴Ŀ
κһϺʮߣǶɺĴ
ַ壬Ҳǡ
ϢϢ
ַϺʮˣ
ȷʮ㣡ܰɡ
ģѾȷˣַȷʵϵʮ㣬õװ
ҵ񰡣̫ǿˣ
һЩѶϢ󳬼գַϵʮ㲻ʲôܣܿ㴫һεû䶯Ϊַ֮ǰɵ̫
ɨ
ַϺʮ㣬Ҳǽ
ˣע⵽һЩϸڡ
ַ֮ǰǶսd̫ӻǚ棬пǼԴ׺ɷ򣬲жս֮һַﲻʮı׼
ԣַֽˡ
ţӦǽԪһȡʮ񽫽ʹðٳ߸ͷһ
֪׺ɷ𡯺ǼԴַʵܵһ㣿
ӦǶеٮٮˡ
ҲǣĶƽǼԴѹַ壬Ȼ㶥ףҲѴַռñˡ
ַ壬ɺйע
̫ΪУϾַ̫ߣǿ̫Ͼй⣬ַܳΪ̫֮ҫ
̫߶ַ屣֡⡯

΢ǣַѳɱ־΢λúʽһߴɵַΪ΢档
ʲô̫Ӣۣߣ۶ǣסƃ߷߲ƽ
ǵ۶ǵ7̫ߣ޾Ԫ۶һֱǵĽ֮ǿǱ߼롣
һ۶Ǵδ
ַɱᣬ΢һԾڶ۶Ƕһδκζҡ
ֻʱ΢ǵڵ۶֮ϣǾַĴ죬̫ſǱˣͷһʱ޶
סƃں
Ϊ֪ȶȳˣʼջعƽ
ͳĵ۶ǣȻ΢֮ϡ
뵽ַ֮˹һɨ񣬽̫ȳ̫߷ڣɺȡ
΢ǣȼһɢޱȵĹ
Ϊȵ򣬸Ϊ̫ԴĿַ߳ͷ΢ǣƃͳĵ۶ǣǱѹʽĸǹڶλ
֮󣬸
ʮ㣿סƃЦʵҲǺʮ㣺ԪΣĲһ蹵
Դƽ棬׶Ծ
ֻƽԴᱻԭΡ
ƃ㣬жǿԲܱȵģ
ƃĸ߰
̫ףٮٮߡ
һ٣ٶıһԪСһѹƣô˳ˣЩΪЦѵЦ䡣
벻ⲻ֪ʹַ˿ƃҲΪˣΪȲʣַ֮ڵ
桢ϢϢأ
ƃộ
ܺãδϺʮ㡣ƃһֱڵϢַϺʮ㣬ҲϢģΪֲ̫൱۷ս
ַֻǺʮ㣬ƃоĽܡ
ַ壬ƃûôɵΪ̫Сƃ΢Ƿ۷սԲɱսûҪ
ֻصһλã۶ǡ
ɱַ壬ɾͳǧַָ̫̫¡



2994 ƃ
ʧˡַɼʮ¡
۷ײεߣַչ黹Ƿȱһ㣬´װҲز˾ƣʮ൱֮ǿ
ַǲ֪˸Ԫ˧ҲһϺʮ㡣
Ѷȿ֪
绯ʵһսַС绯ϿƾԪʼҲǷȱ绯ȴֲһ
ȴʱսɡ
ַҲôں
ɼʮ㣬ҲֻһЩԴʵһʽڵʮŲ㣬̫ңԶ
֪֮ʵһ㡣
181920
ܹ21ĺߵĶʮһδκߵϹ
Ҳûκ֪ڶʮһʲô
һ죬һһ㡣̧ͷŸû޾ĺ֪ͨδַг־
輫ַ岻㴳ӵʵ绯ûκ塣
ȵԪ۷ʱ

΢ǣָ
ŮʣʮһԪԪ߽Уɫ΢أϸϸš
սɡʮҧȣգΪȻص֮ǰҲҳսպûһսޡʡ˵ʮӲš
ɶ磬սǵĲܵۻʡƃ۷ս99ս99ʤδͳĵ۶һֱǵǿ򡣡һԪ
ʲôöҴһܣʮֵ
СҡͷɫݶԤ⣬ʮӮļʣ֮һƃܵۻ֮ǰ׵ã̫ףƃǸٮٮߡ
ôʮ˫տٺһЦǸȤ
ŮӿЦȻֵܣԶ񡣲¹صλʵԸʮս̫
Ԫ΢Ǻòѹ۶һͷƨɻûȾҪλôС
ʮ֣Ҫô룬ȴ˵һʮֵַܣʮﱾʵ΢ǰλ
ܱӰܴ
ɡ
õַ΢ЦȻ
磡~ʮһԪЦӭȥ
ֵܣŮ𣬼ַ˲ı㶨ǰò˵꣬ǿ̫Ӣۣ
ɨ
ʮ㣡
һĵ׳١
ΪַĴڣ΢ѳ̫ĿǱΪĽַ΢ǣ΢ǣַϹϵ
ƃַʮһԪӵ¡
ڵַ᲻֪ƃ۶ǵĲܵۻʣסƃսַҲսһʵ
ԣƃַӦУֲ֧˵ƃ۸ߣַĪġ
ַҴӦ֤о԰գ
ʱ䣬֪ͨҡַͷ
û⣡ؿڡ
۷ս£Ů뿪
һս΢˵̫Ҫ
ϲ硣ʮһԪЦŵ
ôյϢˣַʮһԪıУѾ
ʮЦôͨϢպڣԴһϺʮ㣬Ǿ֪ˡ
ԭˡַȻ
Ϊ͸󳬼ϵУϢͨ
аգһԪ޵ǵƃѾã֪ʵǰսӦ֮ߡ
ûСַʼ磬Цһô֪ء
һԪЦѣҲ֪ԣٶ˵
ܡʮһԪ򣬴ֵʲôƃôǴ֣ܵɼʮ㣬绯սѽӽ۷ˡ
ַӵ绯ܣʮ֪
һԪȻҲ֪ʵǼʶ͵õ֮еʮԶˡ
˵ˡַʵҲû̫ƃϣƃսԼӦսô򵥣ûʲôöģ͵һͨд衣
ܣȥ׼һ¡ַ
׼ʮȣͣգ۾׼ʲô
ַ˫Զȴⳡ۷սһǰӾ
ʮЦ׼ˣ͵ȴ㿪ڡ
磬磬ҡһԪЩԥ
ַ֪һԪҲսʵȥ彻սһǵľԺлᡣ
źáһԪ䲻ԸҲ֪ﲻæ



2995 
ƃַ壿Ҳݣô̼
Ǻʮǿߣâǿ޵ˣ
̫̼඼ˣ˵˭һЩǲܵۻʣ۷ս99ʤƃ̫Ӣۣɨ޵ַ壿
˵оǿǿˡ
Ҿƃַô˵ҲֻڿܽԪ𣬵ƃǶװ̫ˡ
ô˵ɱҲףһַ壡
ôܺƃȣƃһֶֻƃı㣬ַ֪ʵ϶бʤİգַе
˵ǣô˵ƃҲʤ99Ĳܵۻʣڣû㡣

ַǷ
ʱ۵ģⳡ۷֮սһǵ۶ǳ۾λĲܵۻʣһ½𣬺䶯̫޵ˡ
ⳡĽĿ⡣
ǵ۶Ǻ΢ǵߣǹսˡ
ⲻֹƃַĽǵ۶Ǻ΢ǣǿ֮ս
֮ǰɱսַ岻ͬһεûгκΡƽĺʱյַ壬涼ƃ˭ҲΪƃԴС
ս֤һС
ַȫƃһϸ£
֮ƃһַ֪û飬ƨƨߵذѺһ϶ùˡ
֮ͬһɱǴ֮ƃȴǳ֮ǿһס
࣬൱֮߳ɽ֮Ĳ
ǿܶࡣַ֪Լƃ֮Ĳ࣬ǳԪ壬Ҳǽӽ֮˵Լֻǳɽ
Ҷװװ󡣡
ַƃսԼһԪ˵ȻӦ֮ߡֹԼ绯ҲʲôܣֻһԴ
Լƃһ׼һԴƽԼ绯ʱǿԼѹԼƃܺʤ
ܲҵ绯ַҲ֪

۷ս»ǾС
ɱ֮ء
һβԾֻͨд衣ַ쳹̫ƃַ壬౻˵ԴСɱַ塭
ǳɹ١
ƃҲûôףҲȥַ壬Ϊ۶ǵЩ²ԸԸ⣬Ҫȥ
ˣֵַܡƃ΢΢ס
дһ¡ַҲһЦ
Ȼ泳úףԾ߻ҩζŨ
ڹעΪĿһսַ̫֮ǿߣǸ󳬼ַΪע
ڴһ
С绯ַսѩ˲ɫâԼС绯ѹƾߣǳԿġ
׵棬һײ㣬ȫڴ֮ϣַΣҲŤת
绯ȴɽ˵ġ桯
˵ɽ˵пޣûôһĿǰַ˵õһ
Ѷƃ˫տ׼
һͨڵĺԴ׳Ǵ޾ȻԿֲٶȽ£ԽԽ˲䡮һС绯֮ϡ
ϣ
ѶڣΧȫǹѿɲ˲С绯ĺ޾ؾͺ˲䱻ַķȻա
¡
ƃ˲ʱѹַ塣
ˡƃ׼㣬ѶǴܺԴר򣬹ǿΪףԪƃûˢӡ
۷ս99ʤǿġ
군ˡ
ÿµ򹥻ǴܺԴô
ƃ̫޳ˣȻ׼ַֻԪ𣬿ѹʲô£б浶ǹظһ
ǣӮҲӮĲʣ
߳˵۶ǣȫһߵ
ԭΪܿһâľս뵽ƃôȤֱַ屡֮ʲôд裬ΪӮս
ƃһƬҲں
ʤΪֲǿ͵Ϯʲôģعߣʲôף
۷սҸƾʵȡʤ
ƃŽֻάһɲǣ˲ַԭѶȥġ򡯣˲ٴεس֣ʱ⡣
ô£ƃЩ
ַֹһ



2996 ôô࣡
ַƲǴ绯С绯
1888С绯ֻҪȫϵ׺ɷ𡯣ʹãַ˵£һ𡯺ɷѵģڶĸ
Ѷȣεݼ
ʱַġ𡯺ɷѽʮȻսʱľ˺Ȼδʹá
С绯Ʒʣ൱ԴѷɫܺԴһʶƃѶʱС绯ֵסֱȥ
С绯ĺԴÿһС绯̲ɽһ˿־С绯绯ǽȫɽ绯ݻ٣ȻС绯ܱƽ⣬
ѶƃһʩչԲߴµĴܺԴ൱£ƷͬΪܺԴͬҲᱻƽ⡣
С绯ǲ硣
ϡ
һιѣƃ˫ǵصѹַ壬һ˲䣬־֮ɫ߸
У
ôôƃҧгݣÿһεϢƃΪַ޷ݻ١
Ѷ
δݻַС绯ַּļ
~~ƃɫѿϢҡѶϾǴܺԴ޴ʩչҪķѸ֮
޾
϶ǼװܺԴɢԴɶмƣƃ֮ݣȻ䷢Ǳַˡ
Ϊȥַѹƣ뵽ַ彫ƾͼƣĿΪĳ֮
սŸտʼδռ೬֮
ôȥַ֪ж٣ûȥַ򣬷Լĳ֮ľˡ
ҲûҪһԴСԾƃҲռݾϷ硣
䣡
һ̤ƃĳ֮ڵ㣬ֱϮַ壬С绯İɫƸˣƃ׵սȻ
ִƳַ
𣡡нˣַԲսѩ˲׺ɷ𡯷𹥻С绯һĺôǾԴ
Ȼַ嵥ǿƵѶԪˡ
Բ𣬽С绯ʩչ൱׺ɷ򣬽ӽ߽׺ɷԲַĽɫ֮ƣ֮һΪַ岻ƃսַ˿ѷɫ
й֮

ӲգɷڵоԣַĿǰǿһУȻʩչٶǷȱȴ൱ǿ

սѩһٻȣƃװӵг֮ƃװķɳƵͭǽڡ

ַ˲
ɫ֮۳10طʩչսѩһεʤһϧַֻǸոںսѩԷӲ°ٷ֮һ
Ȼ׺Դ㹻׻ƃ
գƃУһܺԴʩչѶһʩչġjᰡһҷ磬ϯƬ
ƻַС绯ػҽս˲ȻС
ϵ
С绯·硣
Ʒײƃĝjᰣַƶ֡
ˡַ岻ټȥƃʵд֪ǸսʱԼҪ
Ԫַ壬Ȼսо԰ա
绯ַڻģɫַ޷ʩչ߽׺ɷ򡮴𡯣ɣס绯û⡣
ĺʱƃĝjײɫѿ
ܸоַһεĺԴǿ
ȻװԴƃڽɫƹâͬʱһɫӦĺ֣ͺһȦСȦjᰶʱ֮ء
ˣ
ƃӦܿ죬绯ѹεǿ
ߣ
ûôס
绯أС绯ַͬʱʩչߣҴ绯صͬʱĶֵĳ֮൱޴ġ
һϣַռݾϷ硣
ƃԺĲ
Ϊ绯ĺٶַ࣬屾ûκģɫ֮ȫڵ֮ϣ绯ԱƵ
䣡䣡䣡
ַĹı绯ƃ֮ϣƃ֮ǰʩչѶĴ۽֣ԽսԽԽԽ
ڽڰˣ
ܿ죬˲ᡣ
ˡƃ̾һ䡣



2997 ǰӾ
áַ岢û̫
һսĽַԤ֮Уƃ۷սƵһͿ൱ϸԭΪһЩ˭뵽ƃ׼͵ʴס
ֹȻ̫޵ˣƃˡƃҲںǶףַ岢
Ϊ۶ǵ͵λսַ岢޶⡣
ˣˣƃҲ
ıսˡ
ʵˡ
ˣǷ
ַֻֿռ˱ıˡ
ֵ뻯Ԫӵгɽɺں֮һΪҲƃĪ
໥ǫãдֻд裬ǻ๧ά߸߽һ̧
һսҲַ֪
ھʵ棬ԼʼջǷȱ
̫绯ɽӲ⣬18δãƃȭԶ
꣬ģδ
ߣ귽漰ϵ޳֮ͳ֮ߣߵǿΪģȫ
һ棬Ĳá
ӾսǿƃһдַʮһǰӾ
Ȼ̫Դܸȶַðա
ҳֵ˭Ҳ޷⣬ַȲԸ汻ɣҲԸ̫Դٽѡ
ΪΪ˽ҪӾ

ַ徹ȻӮˣ
ƃú޻֮ǰƃȥˣĲడôַʵȫƃ֮ϡ
öףôңַ廹ˣȻƃֻ²ɱ󳾡
ַȻ޵ˣԪǿ̾Ϊֹۺɺֻ´߶ûһ֡
۶û˵ˣ΢ֻҪַڣֹ򣬷̫Դ涼ʢ򡣡
΢ǹȻǾ
άϡ
ַֹ΢ǵҫǵĽ֮ǰ֧ƃĵ۶ߣҲΪַ۷
˵ȥԼǵһӣҲй⡣
ĵĪһս춨΢ǵĵλҲй⣬˭֪΢ǣ˭ַ֪壿
Ҳż
һǱ˼΢ǣ׳΢ǣһʳԶͶʣַӰֹڣǧԪ
ַΪߣٳΪףΪ̷̫֮ڶ֮
;˷ܡ
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3003 ص
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3010 Ȼˣң
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3011 
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3014 ȵǣ
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ȻַܻɱͷǾҵĴܳ棬ƿַʵԲԻɱҵĴܳ棬һвзġ
ǵĿַ꣬ģ
űַʵҪǿǿڶ࣬ĬֻҪҵܳ棬һͷֵ
׿û취Ƕּڣ˳ַζֻҪδжϹһ·˳ϵѰҡ
ҵģȷʵе졣þս侲ѲĴľ磬ĳ棬ǡǡְһּΣյĸо
ô׶ʲôҲû֡
Ƹ˵ûСһ㡣ʺ촽˫
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
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һ˲һֱֵӱɱǺëֱǾǷŭƱУɫħƴԶž޺Ȼ磬ֱȡܳڡ
ৣ~侲Դ֮
޾ԪĲս˴˼ʮĬ
䣡䣡䣡
һΪͷսȻֵܱɱǼȵķŭһֱ׷ѰĴܳ¶Ӱ
ɱ֮죡
ˣѪ˫ͫ
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3015 ɽ
𣡡ַĵгֳɫâڹ͵׺ɷʱ񣬶Ըͨܳ棬ַҪС绯㹻ɱ
~~ŭĴܳ汻С绯ȫǣƣkС绯ַkᣬĹȫơ
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һΪС绯ѹ̫ǿΪַ൱ûκ
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һλɱַ岻Ѵ֮
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գֱתΪɽ裬ܳεӴ󣬱ֵһܺԴй֮
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ַ֮һ·൱֮ߣ
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ˡַ֮һ·̤ؼһɽ൱ں֮壬սַһεͻƣֱӳɾͺɽ壬
۷ײΡ
Ȼֻɱ䣬ɽȳɽ壬ԶԶ
ɽ塭̫ǿˡʮ岻ѣ֮ĴУҲֻڴʱɺ֮ʹȲһΡ
ʵϣʦ֮ҲֻǺ֮ʮ֪Ҫɾͺɽжѣ֮ӵеǺɽ壬ʵͲֹ۷ס
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ֱԺ󻹻иΣգµĶ֣ʱﲻæΪۡ
ʮû
һӾ֮УʮӰ޴ַڶεĲսͬ
ڵʱʵֻѷɫַ塣
ڣѾʼ롣

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ÿһ߶ľ磬Ҫɽ壬δɴߣδǰгɾͳɽ壬Ҫ̡̫
֮֮һ̫ԴġǺɽ塣
̫׵һ棬ɨԪ񣬻֮쳹ɺ
ַҲɾͺɽ塣
ԪʱɽɱɽȽסַ֪ΪߺӴö࣬죬ʱɱڵİٱֹ
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˵һͷܳ൱һܺԴַʮͷ൱ʮܺԴɱԴ൱ֲ
ʮﵥӳ֮֮ͺķ֮޾Ԫ˳ɵı
Ҫӳɽ嵽ɽ壬ֲ
ǿսѩϲƵģǽɫ֮һ㣬Զ֮ǰĽɫ֮ȡ
ͬε
һ
ڣַлܵͷܳľ԰գ
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ʮͷܳ棬Ȼɽ履һ١ʵǿһһ֣Ȼۻʵ󣬲ܱûǿ
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ַܺ档
֮ǰɽһԼӵֹգɽ嶼ǿޣ
ɽ֮ϣиǿô
δ˵
ַ֪֮ҲֻǺɽ塣
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ףҲ룬㽫ɺȫԴȡҲ
ҡ
δûܡ
ַ壬ֻԪ
δȫ죬ɽ嵽ＫҪȻӴ󣬵ͷпġ
лᣬһԡַ֪Լļ޵ġ



3016 뿪
ɱĴܳ棡Ъ˹Ʒħϵװ鲻ɫħʵᣬϢҡ
һսףֻʣأȫܳɱ
߰ɣƸ硣رƺòȥĵһɲѪܳĽսƴȫ¶ԭģ
ߣôߣţѻȥһУֵܶˣµߣ
Ҿߣ
ҲҪ
ִǳ
ͷܳһδν棬ÿһζΪѣ뷽跨ƴܳĻþ޹ܳ͵Ϯֵ䡣
ʱֻʣ̓ء
ɽڣûգƸ߰ɣٲ߾߲ˡƵĿʮֽǡ
֪¾棬ʱԸͷܳ棬ֻʣƣܡ
ǵѡ񣬾ѾĴۡ
ûõģŭأŵ⣺ߣ뿪ˡ
kŹֵ
һֱڵkУkɱǲɱˣֻǲˣĥǣǣԴС
ֻҪӲ뿪k᲻ϧһнǻɱ
Դܳ磬ָơ
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סûѿܡ
ô֪ءزԸ
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ǰô֪أ
Ҳжϴأ
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ģǾԼһͳµľ硣
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ȷƵ־޷ƽþԣ
ߣۿɼѷ֣ŃأƷ·þ˺۵ăؼǸжϲãƸ磬һ𣡡
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ɫצӰƾײεڣǷǳݣޱȼʵʵҲǷǷӲʹǱݹѿȻֳһ޴ªӰ
ɫ͹ƽʮ֧սһֱۣ⺮ɫᴩȫļβЫӰӴ¡
ܳ棡
ȣʳ̹ܳһ㣬ľг֣޴κ¡ʱĵkԼ֣ǰ׾ǵkʳܳߡ
ߵѾʮζζö࣬˵׵棬ζȣֻҪԹһΣͻʳ֪ζ
ܳ治ʣkܳͳƣҲгȵǻۡ
߳߳߳߳
սֱ۷裬ܳȹľǃأԲݵôܳ湥ӭȥֻϧʵܳʼв࣬ЃظȻڽڰˡ
ˡ
ʱѷѽӽرգ̓ضΪܳʳ
ģ
Ʋ壬ʹ顣
ڴʱ
ϣ߷߷߷
ֻʣһ϶ѷ죬ѿһ鲣м俪ʼ飬ܳľӺڰгһ˲¶
~~
һӰȻ֡
ַ壡ƺ̓شסˡ



3017 ãû
ƺ̓ǵϤӰ𾪲ѡ
ַ壡
Сһ֮ǰϷˣǣһûκôĴܳʬ塣
ҲΪַ壬ǲ˳ҵͷܳ棬ֻϧ棬ܳ沶׽Ϊʳ
һеһУԴַ壡
ڣٴεس֣
ҳֵʱΪɺϡ
̲סˡַĳԲɺϣƺ̓ݾ粻ַ֪ʮһѡߣĵȴᡣ
ıֻгǻ۵Ĵܳȵ̫ߡ
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ôʼзգзӪڴܳľᷢʲô˭Ҳ֪һܳ治ϵأ
ҲǡǡΪַɽɱ䣬аȫˣŻðա
Ϊƺ̓أƻʮ
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ںɷ֮Уȡɣ൱ס
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սֱۣٶȼ죬ҲǼ󣬿ϧַġôСܳĹ󣬵ַĵȴҪǿĶࡣ
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⡭Ƶɴ۾ħ״̬ʱɫЩήңַʵȫȻ
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ǣף
ƸǶףԪܺȣ
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֮ǰͷܳ棬Ϊ̫ܳǿ޷kɱǲ뵽ַڶ̶ʱ̥ǣʵ֮ǰǿһ㡣
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Ϊɫ֮벻ע⵽ѣ֮֮һı־ɫһҡ
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ãû⡭ưң𵱳ԽһʱҪϮַ壬롣
˲ò࣡
࣬ȫޡ
Ͱս˫ȭΪַһѺַ֪֣ƸܾҪ
ڣַˣƸȻ١
ǵϣȫַϡ



3018 ǳ
Ǻɽ塣ʮĽѡ
ǵһμɽַֻǸոͻƣзӲɽһɵ㹻ѹƴܳ档
ĺ̫֮ࡣ
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Ǵߣ涨ͣӺ֮ɽ壬ʵɱ䣬Ĵ
ĴԪδسһΣֵõ
ҲаɣմΪ֮ʮҲһ֮£֮ϡʮֺǺǵ̬
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ģҲ޷ǿ
ͷܳ棬ӲˡʮڹսʵעŴܳ涯һܳʲôַƣֹ
òҵݵkôߣ
Ӧû⣬ںǿһζսֵֶԱͷܳܣһνַһˣȫѹơ
磬սѩŽɫ֮һδεػܳͷܳʵѴ۷ףַɱĴܳǿһͷ
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ͬʱڴܳӴսѩ߽ܳԭͱķ֮쳹ģս֮£ַȫܸоܳĿ־塣
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ɡַɴػɱܳ棬ͷŰƺ̓صĳǿ̱ھϣκϢ
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磬ʵڵģܳһ˿ʶǴܳϳ
ǽȥɡַʮɫ΢أû˵̫࣬һֱַ壬ֻҪַľʮûɹ
ϲ񷣬µʮﶼں
Ϊַ壬ǺޱΡ
ȵȣƵַ΢΢һ
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ʱֵַͷۣ֮ͨܣֻ¡
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ħǿߣ˵ֱӡ
ַȹ̓أƲŲѴַ࣬Ҫɵȥ
лַ˼Ƭ̣Ҳ϶óóȻ֪ͨһԪ˧̫ʣңһԪδ֪ͨһԪ˧
ãҴӦ㡣Ӧе
šַƵͷʮһݣ˲ʧ



3019 ܳژ
ͨ
˵һַֻ֪֪࣬ΪַԴܳ˽ҽֹΣɱʮͷ
ʶַܳɹͷܳƭϳ
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Ȼأ
Ϊֲȷֹǰ
ţǹͨĴܳͨ飬ַ岻ܵȵһԪ˧Ҳȥס
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ʧȥһλᣬ´ξûôõ˳ϡ
ֻܶġ
䣿
ַû
ȫǴܳ棬ҲԼͻ䣬ַһֱǿξһͦˣ֮ǰһ治ʲô
ѾطϿˡʮַͷ
Ŵܳ䣬ͨɢΪⱾʵͨһѿҵȷķ˵ĺпʧĵصס
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ַ岢ΪͳߣˣղԼɱܳʱkͻ֡
ͳ죬ǻۡ
Ǻܸߵǻۡ
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Сܳ棬ֱͨϳ⣬ۼ֮ȻԲߡ
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ˡַѿβˣͷŹޱ財ҵĽϣַո˵ֱӴ
~~
ӵϢ޾ҧУ֮ĺԴһɫ̫ӴڣաһУͳһС
ޣʮ֣֮ҲһЩţʣĴɼһֻֻûеͫ˹п
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֣ʵʮ㹻ѹ
ַԲģԼҲ첻ʮԼûʮôɫ֮࣬С绯ĺͬҲ࣬һľҪķѴʱա
һ㣬һ㡣
ȻдܳژַԶġɫ̫аǿϢȫͷſȻͬϢͱ壬̰ᡣ
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ܳǳľ壬ܳژͬǺژľ塣
ҵˡַ徶ԳܳژС绯κһͷַܿҲûЩͨ˷ʱ䡣
Ŀֻһܳژ
ܳژԶԶɫͽɫңǴֱӣ޶ȵɽ壬ֻǡ
鷳һ㡣
Ǻɽ壬ȹȥҪ򵥡
գǶġ
ַ˵Ҫҵϵġ١ֻҪӴĴܳژ˳ϸӦͳڡ
ڵǡ
ܳژʵ̫޴
ӵкɽ壬ҪܳژҲҪԪüôַüͷ΢΢ӴܳژǿĹɣֱӽ롣
ٶ̫ȵܳژʱӦͳڣʲôã
Ȱɾܳژڳͬڶ࣬Ҷǿʺַܳ涼׻ɱЩͨԲڻ¡
ܿ죬һա
ԡַ崥ܳژڣֱա



3020 Ĳ
ܳژ൱ۻ롣
ÿһͷܳԴȪڴܳژս൱ѡƩַջɱͷܳ棬һĶڴܳژ֮Уַ岻һǵkĶ֡
ңܳژһĴڡ
ͬǾ塣
ͬά棬ַȻգѣЧԶȲϽɫͽɫҡ
սԪ
Уȡ1%ҵռӦܳژţֻгһʱ䣬Ԥ
ٶȣ֮Ϊܳژգǿɽ壬ٶҲҪ30Ԫҡ
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ַĿǰľƣӲһ赲30Ԫ
ң30ԪᷢЩʲôԤ⣬ܰжעѹڴܳژϡ
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޷Ѹմܳژ֮ǰķȽܸӦĴܳɱѹ͸ÿɱһͷܳ棬ԼҲиһ׼ʱ䡣
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ڵʵɱܳ沢ѣɫͽɫգķѵʱĺɽ壬ʱմܳژٶȻ졣
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ܳژĳ壬ȫʮ˵ģʮﶼԼѰһɱܳ棬ûô֡
ģеǻᡣ
ʮٺһЦٿ»ˣôȥ磿
ԭ·ءַ
ʮһܳͨһͻɢô
;˱ǡַһΣգƻ֪ͨһԪ˧
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Ҫ㡣ַûãȥɣԼһԪٲȥżɾ֪ͨһԪ˧ˡ
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ߣڵʵȫӦ˵ַ岻ΪԼһԪ˧ܺͰ˴Ԫ˧ǿһˡ
֪һԪ˧Ƿҵϸַδ֪һԪ˧һԭ򣬳ӦھеĿԷǳߡ
̫ԪСǺԪ˧
һԪ˧֪ԼȡжӦʱݾߣֻøӸӡ
ʮ̫׾Ų
ǲ㱻ܳԵƺ̓أû̫ɡ
ȻһĲ

硣
ӹһٵƺ̓ر߻ָԪҲʮְΪħ壬ΪײԶţȴӦַͻᾡȥ
˵͵ַˡ
Щģٳִܳ棬ʱƸ군ˣ֮ǰһͷܳ棬ˣַ֣䣬Ϊܳʳ
Ƹ磬˵ַǻôصǵʵ
ҲҡͷĿľ磺ϧҲȥ֪ô
ûܳ棬ͨҲĴѣַǺܿʧġ֪ĵвڣԭʼ״̬
һʧҪ鷳
һԪƶԃصܽΣһԪ֪ͨһԪ˧ǵɣַ޹ء
˫ַ˵磬ַˣܷҵĴָõܳʬ
˫ţҲ˼
ַȹǣԲ𱨣ַĻ
ˡ
~ַЦƺ̓ضʱһֻľƿһͨĪسӰʱ䃷ͨ졣
ߣʮﲻõһۡ
ֵַƽĳˡǽӹΡ
ôʮ͵ǲǰͲҴڵصף֮
εһЦЦЦģ˼ֵַ㲻ҪᣬȹǣǶ㶼Ļм
ַ΢Цûʲô뷨Ҳ棬䣬ָ֮
˽ħԸ˽
ƺ̓ʲôĸԣַһ
˲Ϊ
ǲôԼ
ǣҪܳôַٿؿڡ



3021 һ
ֹƺ̓ˣʮҲǴһ£ַܿ뷨ַдȣǱ˴˿ԡ
ȡ裡
ʲô˼ʮˣȫΪַЦ
ϵ˼ַ岢δĨǣֱ˵صҪǰæóֽǷ³ɣҶһͷĴܳʬ
ƺ̓صĺЩ١
óַ岢˵Цһֱƴȫõһͷܳ棬Ѱҹ»޵еܣΪʧˣ֪һ壡
ôæ٣ƽַ壬ȻַҪʲôڶӦܵЩַ֡Ҫ̫ˡ
һӣֱַֽ
üͷ΢΢һ塣
Ƕеٮٮߣۺɺô˵Ķ࣬ɽ˭һƸ硯
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ȷʵЩζַܳһս׵ʵҲȻˡ
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ѱͣܳĽɫͽɫҲǱƷֻǿɽĻܳژѡ
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ӺҪû塣
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кܶݣܶѶϢ
Ȼƽ棬ڿʲôһ㣬ֵ˼֮ƩӣᴩӾ޾ӣΪûг壿
Ʃһֱ̫ڼϣΪ̫ǿߵķ棬Ϊδδ֣
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Ƶĺò𰸣Ϊȫַͨʲôҵġ
Īҵˡ
⡭Ƶɴ۾ԵăҲؿһͷܳǰֹˣͷܳɵعַ壬Ȼַɱ
ͺһһ˦ֱӾ͵һ㡣
һͷɺϣͷͷͷأ
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ַڱһ۳ӴģһͷһͷĴܳ棬Ƕ֪ԭвôܳ棬ÿһͷӲַħצ
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ַһͷһͷĽܳɱƹ¿ˮü뿪ڣסˣַ᲻һͷܳ档
Ϊַܳ˵ȫֵһᡣ
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̫ˡŵַ壬ϲŶܣӶ޷쵽飬һȴ赭дˡ
Ű޽ĳ֣òᡭ
ַһ˾ܽɣ


3022 ˭ţ
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лַ΢Ц

ʲôַɱʮͷܳ棿
ʲôЦӾûôܳ棬ţݸ塣
Ц˴ǵ̫׾ѰʮԪܳëûַ˵ɱʮͷܳ棬һͷܳҿ
˵˵ַֻԪɱܳ棿Ұͷ㵱
ȻַǳǱǣ޵ˣôȴãûʵ֣ϢĴģ³˭ϢҪɨַô
ҥҲһ㣬Ҫ˵ַɱһͷܳ棬һţҪ˵ɱʮͷǺǣ浱ܳԱ˳ŵģŸɱô
ַµûЩҥԡȥûš
Ϊ̫˼̫ײûÿһѰ˼ʮԪһðһԪСһ˵ɱ˼ʮͷܳ棡
˭ţ



3023 
Сһһο˴󹦡³Ԫ˧οѡ
ĺܺáһԪ˧ǳ⣬ԪоĳΪַ̣ģΪ֮ǰַͻɱͷܳ棬ַһֱûпԲ϶
ڣһˮʯ
ַĹͣһԪ˧ԼС
Ŀǰʧ޴ûʮԪѻָԪ³Ԫ˧ͷ֧Ƿá
ܶϵʮԪ´γͳСģַҪɱֻܳϼѡһԪ˧彻֣͡
ǣ
ʮԪܱûеĺá³Ԫ˧΢ЦԴ棬˵˭ϢģַһֱδȲҲϡ
ֹϢһַ򡣡һԪ˧ЦЦСӣӿ湻ģû´ʵӦֽˡ
Ԫ˧˼ǡ³Ԫ˧һ
ַһġһԪ˧ԶӦʼǸвƫƫҲ޷ȷݡ
ҳӦַͬҲҡ
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ҪһԪ˧ֱӷҵһһֻ¶ڳϸ۲֮Уκ춯ݾߣϸԲ֡
Ҿַ̫Է١³Ԫ˧̾ǰš
ڵַ壬ԾӶ̫Ҫ
һԪ˧

Ӿַġ˵
Ȼ׶ЦַںôĿֻһǾӦ֡
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ʮԪȥȻƽ˾ʲôûַҲֻ÷ͷӦиҲСġ
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ǲںҶԳвжԸҵİ취ˣ
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ʮԪգܳژմַĺɽʮԪУøǿ
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Ϳܳژܲˡַ尵ݣգܳژһĨȡʱܳژϢ
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ΪʼûκθӦһ㶼ûС
ѵҲ´ˣܳژӦͳ죿ַ˼еģϾܳȫµĳ壬Ǿ壬kǴɳͳɵġ
ܳ棬ɳͳγɵġ
ںУԭܳ־ʧˣ
˵ͳ첻ģ
Բֹһ֡
ӦַҲ׼о԰գһ֪ͨһԪ˧
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ѵǣȫûκͷ
ӦҲδ֣ӦҲڣһоͺصԭ㣬ͷգַ廷ܣɫء
ʧȥڲ֪һ׷顣
ٿĿͣϣַתͨӾ޾ӣ嶼Զ֮ƺһЩܡ
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Ӧ͸ӦɣʮԪҲǰ׹ġܳژգַٳ߸ͷһվʮ󱳣·ӣַ˫
ҿӲʲôܣ



3024 һУδ֪֮
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ǵĺ䣬µıܽ߱ʱĳϫ޴嶼Զ֮
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֪һӾڱƣһ֡
һͷʣ޷ܣҪãã̫ѰһɱѶѰӾ˺ֹǧ򱶣



3025 һô
䣡䣡
ַС绯սѩһ׹˲ϢսԷٶ൱֮죬С绯֮Уδ㡣
ַ֮У޴
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һ̫ߵĳޣδԸæ
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3027 
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3028 Ǳߣ
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ڣ˲ͬѡ



3029 סĳŵ
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3030 Ӿ
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ңһԪδҳ֣֪ͨһԪ˧֪ͳַﲻݣֱƺ̓Ŀࡣ
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3031 һǵk
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3032 ʼܳژ
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ĶһԴɽɽɽͣ޾࣬ԴͨʯͷһΪ档
ѹֳͳѡַ䣬˳ֻɱͷڵʱЩֻ۷ʵĳ壬ͬݽ棬סһ
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ĳ֮ǰܳژࡣӴܳژλõַԤ
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3033 տҲ
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3034 һУǾ
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3035 ڽ
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3036 ڶԪ˧
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3037 ͳ
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ڶԪ˧·գһ˫Ƶͫӳͳ죬仮𣺡ܾˣͳ졣



3038 ̫С̫
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ͬʸΪһԪ˧
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кæİ̺Ԫ˧Ƿſͷܳ赲סìİ̺Ԫ˧ǣһƬ졣
ȡİ̺Ԫ˧ٿɫȻһ䣬ף˫ͫȻɴ
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º⽫֣ܳąİ̺Ԫ˧оԼ汻ʳš
İ̺Ԫ˧۾ֻһƬѪɫĺ⡣
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~~Ԫ˧ͫ⣬Ƭر֣ǼɫâźԪ˧ԼƺҲˣ۵³һѪޱȡ

Ҷס
סó١
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źԪ˧İ̺Ԫ˧ĵ䣬ƾ̫ԪѵֵĳǴܳǿޱȣʤ̫Ԫ
̫ӵĵƣǱڶԪ˧ȥ
һͨ󽭶ȥ˲ݡ
¡ڵĺɾɢһͨڣױ



3039 ȫĴ
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³Ԫ˧ֱڶͨĠûԪ˧ЩɣѸٸһͨڶֻͨʣڵ̡Ԫ˧أѹ
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ܽһͨΣֻСֳͻΧʱƽӾֺ󣬻ϣһһ׷ۼ
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3040 ޻
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죡죡죡
һԪ˧ַ壬Լʮ̫׾񣬶ڿӱ޵ؼۣԼܵĸӾڣٵܱȲá
쵽ˣܡַܸо
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áַս׼
ٿ֮һַڼӾǰ
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3041 ·
ԽԽĸӦ
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ͳ죡
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3042 һִ綼û
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ͳַν֮ǣò״ƻkƻԪףôܷŹ
ʱյַ壬ǳͳӣһ𵶷¯࣬ɽ绯ַս൱ǿ
𣡡С绯һߣַ𵶷ǿһؽһصıըռϷ硣
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Ű׵罻ӷͳ죬ַһеڶԪ˧ϣȡͳ죬ߴʱǱ׵ͬʱٶԱ仺衣
Ȼᣬݴ
𣡡ַǣһС绯ÿһزѹأԡ𡯺ɷĸҪҲߡ
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ɱɱɱͳֱ·磬ǷŭЪ˹񱩹ƣףһɫâէַ֣սĹ֮ǰǿһȡ

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𣡡ڳͳ칥һɲǣַ绯
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ƿյڶߣַʮϣһʹŷ־޷ǿţԹȥ



3044 ʧܵĳɹ
һԼ¼̫ʷսʮԪĹս幥ͨķأ˼̡
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ʩչġΪԲϴ绯˽׺ɷԲǷлɱͳ졣
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ڵԶԶ
ˣ磿ߴʮַԼʮĺ󱳣ʩչըɺʮｫԼս
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һԪ˧ڶԪ˧һںԪ˧һ𡣡
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3045 ڵһ
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3046 ȴӶžǿʼ
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һԪ˧͵ڶԪ˧˵ֻǾš
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3047 
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3048 ȷʵǺ
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3055 
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3056 
ֻͱɷС绯˲һתϷİɫƣͺƻȼС绯С
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3057 ¾㱸
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3058 ڲ
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3059 ͻƿ
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3060 ϣü
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þеһֻ֣һԪСһҲ֪ÿ޻Ц

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3061 죬
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3062 ǧ




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3063 ɺǿԪ
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3065 ̫
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3066 ͵kȥλֵ
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3067 һȺ
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ΪС赶ͽܣ̫ռͷֱַճԴݿĹƺɨ
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ƾǣûʸǡ



3068 Ҳ׬ˣ
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صʵʵĴܳ棬ڴܳژﱻַ徾һնɱŴܳژַսɣˮķɲʱ䡣
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3069 ̫
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Ԫ˧޵ͷĴ󳬼ˢӵģͷܳ澹Ȼȫҵˡ
иƨáһԪ˧ЦоǲмҪôȼ֮Ͳˡ
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15棬һ谵ưܵؾУַŴܳژʮһԡַΪɽ壬漫ܳژ׾١
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3070 ̫۸
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3071 ǻ
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ңԼҲٸᡣ



3077 ˭ܶԸַ壿
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ƴ˻ˣάʵ
ԣղۼƴˣ˿ɫΪѿ˷ǳءҵά¶ɫ˫ҡ
ƴϵİ۪«ˡ
ʲôά밢άʧɫ̻ƴˣǸ۪«ˣûɣҵ
ǧȷҵάȻû´һսƴ˲Ұܣ´μʱǲֻʣ«֪ˡ
άһģַ̫ˡ
ά˵ǵѡȷģƴ˶ˣȥץַ壬϶ز
գʱ̡
άǰңΪַǿʵе𾪡Ȼһַ֪ǿϾֻԪάʼջЩš
ʵǰɲǲš
ַ壬ǿ
ʷǰǿ
־ѶϢ¿϶ô֮άͷüͷ΢أ϶Ʋַ塣
άػʵ޼ɱػǿɱ¾һҲδӮַ塣
ǽɱⶼ̻һ뿪ûбƴ˸ǿˡҵά
άѰ˼ֻĴ󳬼æˡ
ӿ϶æһüҲʻˮάܹϧëַգɱַܻΨһܵľˡ
ҵάЦ˺һ׶뿪˰ɣ
άЦЦвżֿɬвУҪһԡ
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ڻ˭ܶԸַ壿
󳬼ȷʵ۷򣬵мǿùƴˣƴǿɱַô
޼ƿʩ
ңһԪ޼ƿʩ
̫󳬼֮һʵЩ

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̫ϣǰæɱַ壿һԪ˧ͨһüͷĪʲô裿
²֪Ԫ˧Ϊأػ֣ĿǰϽ̫
ǻ˵ʲôֱߵһԪ˧ûô򵥣ַ̫֪ʵǱǿȾֻ಻٣Ӻַϵǳ
Ԫ˧˵־ϣܹϣ³ɺسл
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һԪ˧ɫ䣬˼ãǣҪԸַԼȥԸǾӾ롣
Уػ̫ԸΪ־Ŀ߹
ǣˡԪ˧Ӧ
һȺĴһԪ˧رͨѶĿ¶ӣǾӵʲôˣԸַ壿ַôöԸô뵱Ȼ
Ϊַеļλ֮һһԪ˧ַʵ
ܻɱͳһ㡣
һԪ˧ԼҲûӮַ塣
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üͷ΢šһԪ˧⣺ȻǶϵˣһüţܹˣ̫һϵ

һһԪ˧漴ַͨ壬дַһԪ˧¶һĨ΢Цûʲô°ɣַ壿
Ԫ˧ġַЦ
ԼҲµһԪ˧ΪηͨѶ
ҪæһԪ˧ֱӵԼˣÿֻҪһ仰Ӿĺܣ˭Ҳ㡣
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һԪ˧ʲôûʣѽֱӵַǸж˽һԪ˧磬ǣԲˣʲôۣȥ
һԪ˧Ȼô˵ô롣
áһԪ˧Ҫǣ鷳ӾҲսǹѵֵܣ¾Ӳ֮
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ԵһԪ˧ȫκַͦʵмʼԼ£ҲԼľνطοиҪҪ
֪һĻ˭ַ֪Ȼ̫˾ӣԼһЩһҲˡ
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ߣֱɱַ̫ôô̫̫ߵԼзʵȻֽ׶λ躹Ϊá
̫ǿߣԼӦս

򲻴ùԼڲ֮أɶأ
͵һˡַ̬մܳژ



3078 ˰
Ӷյ̫ѶϢܹˣһüȻҲյǲһԪ˧ֱӾܾ
ַ֮ĹϵӲͬ
ôܹġġͨλ˵ġʲĦ벽һüŵ¹⸱᳤
ڸеĵλ൱ڵһԪ˧
ڼ뿪̫Ҳʵߣǵʱδƽ̫ľƲȡ
˲롣ʲĦ벽ȱ
ԭ򣿡¹⸱᳤ܺ档
ʲĦ벽һ15һۣǷַһ飻ڶ˲̫ǵݣҲԸַɡ
̫ͨԣɱַ־
ʲĦ벽ɫĮ־ʲôϵҪȥ˲룬Ҳԡ
¹⸱᳤ЦЦˣҲ룬䡣
ͨҡͷǶ룬ҵܹӽȥǳ˶ַ̫֮࣬ߣ̫Ըֻ°Ūˡ
ʲĦ벽ߣоʹ̫ɡ
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Ӱʱʧ
浱ȣ;ӲһԸַı׶ԶԶˡ

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ַṳ̂ƽ̫ʵ̲ݻһܳژգַɽǿ
־ɱɫ־鼰棬ﵽ֮Ρ
ﵽ100ﵽ100꣬ҲմܳژĹУ50ַ֮һǿĺԪѺܽӽ
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3079 Ԫ
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3080 ʤ15
19ַ΢΢һ
Ԥڸͣһַף˵ǰЩԪʵǿǵⳡԭҰ޵Ķս˵ֱѡ
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Ҷɱб׼Ϊɱٶȣʽ׳̶ȵȵȣԪֱɱԭҰޣʤַ塣
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ܶײףɱϼѡ
ڰ˳8λ
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Щǿ˵جΡַ岢ýǿ߾޷ԸˮˣֻǷ⣬Ƿ޵С
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3̫ףӡ
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3088 Ѫħ
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3089 
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3090 һʤ
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3091 ϣ
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׼ȷ˵Ӧǡɱ䡯ַ΢΢ס



3092 ǿƵ
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Ѫħķֻ6඼ǺüսųɹģԼһսɹλȻǰ
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3093 ѻꡤ
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طȫѹƣҽɫ̲֮żǿƻԺ˺ɽڵȽҲѹƺ֮塣
ѻꡤܡַʩչټԪǿط
30Ԫʱַ֮ͨǡĸ򣬾Ѿط
ѵطѪںϻ䱾ԣŴﵽܺطĲΣֻǸ֮ǡհճַ
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ַ֮򡮳֡ΪΪ裬ϡ֮ǡµ뷨ĸı䣬8Ԫմѻꡤܡط
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3094 
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ڤɱάΪŴÿһһλߣʵ൱֮ͳԪ˧󽫡
ڤɱÿһλߣǾսӳڤɱԶսʶսǿ֮ͬڤɱľսʮֲֿ
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ڤɱ壬עظ壬ӢǿߣԽһеĶ
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顣ߣ̫־һֱ˳ۣһ࣬һҲ١
־оâһš
׻֪Խ̻ʵ뿪־ֵ鷳֪һ



3095 ȨԶʤ
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ܡһƸױĿԵȻ
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룬ֲѪħĽַЦŽС



3096 
ľӺ뿪ַȡɵĽɫı߿ɣ֮ǰѪħõġ
ͬǣһط
˵ʵɸطַʵôȤΪ֮ǰѴõһס֮ǡַиΡ
ϾԴｱ֪ģıﻹ벻Ŀԡ
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طһܸǿȵҪƥС
˵סľ͡ǰ׺һһλӵСô
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ţһһ⣬ַõͨѶԵһԪ˧мΪҪʱһԪ˧ϵԼ
ӾΪһԪ˧粻Լֵ֮Ĵ󱬷Դַлεġ
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ޣַһ



3097 һս
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һԪ˧ǱһȻʧЦһҲģֵַܡ
ܹҪи˶ϡַһ׼־ֶԼ˽⣬ô׾Ҳս̫Բضá
Լ̻ʣһս
ҪæôһԪ˧ͻȻڡ
ַһůˣл
ԼνþӲӽһԪ˧ǿɹΪԼϧ̫
򲻹ӣҪӲţ㻹ᡣһԪ˧;˶δⳡƽڳھӦȶһЩԽ̻ʲŻ᷵أҪȥ
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һԪ˧˼Լף򲻹ӣֻ̻ǳջһˣһֱԼҪعƽ֮أ뷮棬һս
ϰټԪ
ⳡƽ٣ʲô
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ֹ̫ɺһεѹ֮Уۺɺжǿߣ֮޷ƽⳡƽ٣в֪
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ƽ٣ܻһС
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һߵΧһ˽˭Ҳûַ壬ҲʱȥַϢȿ񱩣̲˿˿ɱ⣬ɫ־裬߶Կ
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ˡַٿͫ绯˲صɢ׼ǿϢռݾ֮
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һػʮֽӽƫݵϹŲ䲻ǵЦݣıӣûüëһ˫ɫͫǹâضַ塣
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ǰһۺµӣһĮƽߣ˫֣Ϣǿڣ˵ĸоȴޱȵĿ£·һ޿ԽĸɽĴΧһжȻʧɫ
ͳߣ
ӵϵϣһеİԵ
̻ʣ



3098 ҿ
ýƻࡣ̻ƽȻ֮£ɫЩŭ
û΢ǣѾһЩԾȻָͼַ塮֡Ͽգĵȴǡ
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̫ԸַǰˣĲϢǿɶ񣡡켣еһԪŭغʱһԭЩȻŭӿ
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޳̫ܵˣ
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أޣ̫ɳܣ
ȥɣ̫
ŭĻ棬ʱȼ
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ৣ
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ǿȭַֻо̻ͨͨһȭȴǷ豹棬һ̤С绯Ե棬ޱȼС
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һͷ޲ʳƽκδϢء
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3099 ʿյĿ
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ϣַǰӮ̫óˣ
ƴǵҲ̫ɱַǰ
΢Ǻ͹ȥ΢ȻȻַͬ嶨΢ǺĴ£һǿ߽
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Ȼǵʵѻʯػһƿȫ
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УѪսҲս빲ַƽ湦þԪ˧£߲嵶
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ԭǼ޵100꣬䱩һַӲ̻ʵȭ
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3100 һٻ
Ŀۣʱ·ֹͣһɲǡ
ػڣɴ۾һĻ׹ػ𣬽̻һȭ־ӳȭ120%չ֣Ӵһɲǣо־ġҡ
ʲôһ̻ʱоԾַ幥һصУʴֱ˺Ĺ
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ⲻܡɱػüͷ壬ӽ̻Ϊݶڶҡ
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ģСӱȸսʱǿˣػֻоؿڷƣĺ«ֱﵹ
·
ЩͨԿôַ࣬ռϷ磬˽̻ȴۼԼż⡮Ľ̻ʴˣһƬ죡

Żȥ
ʲô̫һȺӲļһ
ַͣǰ
ӽ̫Ҫ󳬼гˣ
̫ˣַǰһ̫ܰˣ

쳹ַ̻ͱ˵ƣ켫µǿĽսȴ𾪡
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һǿ㱻ʱԶ˸ҡ
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־ļӳɣȭǿȴֵסֱĳ־ͶҡĽ̻ʣʱɫѿһƬҡ
ԭСһȴ߲ʡ
ɲ⣡
ɶ񣡡̻ʽ²䣬ǹҫۣգۼ̤һǳ֮ͼϸϸȥ⸱ǳͼ̲ż°أ1008ǹۺ־ɺɷ˲١
~~~
޾ǹۣ̻ʵӰͣͼ룬ޱȣĿңңסַ壬Թ޶ŭ廯ǹ⣬ɢա
ţַէȻϣʧȥĿꡣ
кͺƴ͸ǹ⣬޾ǳ󣬲֪ȥδַ֮һ˲ع飬ʱǹɣ̻ʵӰȻʧ
̻ʵĿ⣬·ͣһ̡
ڶַ˵ţһٻ
ҪɱңʵõĻᡣַɫȻڵǿ涼ڳ׶Σطֺ
ǽ̻ƴȫҲϧػһ֣ͬ¹˭δ֪
ϧ̫ϧë
ûһˡַĿңңȥڽ̻ʩչǹͼȥһɲǣػߡ
̻ʶˣǻʲôô
´μ棬һڸǿ
ǿöࡣ



3101 ᣬδ
Ӿڣһ֣ɫβ͵ִǬƽ֣һĬΧһС
ӮˣյڶԪ˧ϢһԪ˧һ
̫㾡ȫ̻ʶˣ
ȻһԪ˧վַһߣƽĶַۣܰȻȹΡѡȻҲõڶԪ˧ǰȥæˡ
û뵽ַôһϲ
ز¶СһһԪ˧üЦ鲻ټԪֵַܿСҶԶԶ˦ˡ
һμ棬һԪ˧Ӯַ塣
ڣ̻ʶˣһԪ˧ԲΪȽ̻ʻǿʵϵһԪ˧ͽɱػд˴ʵڲ֮䡣
̻ʣǺ;ͬһεǿߣԶܼ
˵̻㾡ȫ־̫˶һַ֣ôǿˣһԪ˧򴽣Щš
ڵֵʱ̻˵ˣ
һԪ˧һ΢΢ͷ¶ЦݣΣСѶȹ˴νѣǼĵ£Ȼ̫δػ˴ʧܡ
Ǵİ
Ӻ̫Щϡ
ػ̫Դ棬̫ڼ־ػߣͬȴЩϸ΢ͬ˴˵Ĺϵһֱܽš
̫Աǽ̻ʶһӻңһԪ˧ͱˬ
һʧ̫ܶ൱ء

ɵƯ
̫ˣַǰ
һӢɥʲô̫ʲô޵еĽ̻ʣǻߣ
޳̫ܵˣˣ
ַǰӮøɾ䣬Ǽô̻ʣǺǣһʱˣһ˭ַܺǰȣ
̫ʲôƨ־ػߣϹƷԣʵ͸ñȡˣַ֧ǰɣһȡ̫
ַǰ꣡ţˣ
ߣȺڡ
ڷռۿַսʵĿַսȫָͬо侳ֱӲÿһ˲䶼ֱ顣
ԭǶΪַַ֧壬̻ʺ̫ʮĴɣ
ۼַ̻ܽʣɲȫ
ޱȳ죡
ץʱʵˡַ֪̻һʧܣضһι׼ȷ˵̻βʧܣֱԼδ
̻ʣδˡ
ֻⳡսԤ̫ߣΪ׾ٵػɱԼʵһ־ήңҽ̻ʿܻҪδ߾ȫԼƴ
Ϊôַ뵽Ψһܡ
ʱԼδӦ棬Ȼ̻ʹͷ涼δԵһԪ˧ԣڳ
ǲƬɺԶȳָµĴͽѡ
һ˭Ҳ޷⡣
̶ֳȵĽѣԼֻССġҡ
ټսȥ̻ҲܻɱԼΪԼƴܴʵкܴӰ죬뿪һᡣ
ܴѡ

ԶܵԸ񣬹Ʋô׷Ź̫ġַĿһߣ˲ҵʮʱһ˽ƺʲô
ԼĿʮһЦգգ۾
Ҳ˳ʮĿ⿴˹Ĵָһ羴֮ɫ
ɵǰɡ
ַԲЩ̶֥С£̻һսͬ࣬ͬȼսջޱȷʢ
~~
ַӰֱָӱչظ
սĸоԺ֣һĻһĻӳѵıչʱ


΢ǵһƬȣ̫٣ҲҳϢĴݼ죬ⳡսĿ΢з
ǵ̫ƿߣҵġ̻ʡˡ
Ȼˣ
š
̫ߣΪĽ̻ʶ룬ۼ֤һ׹䣬̻ʴ˱һ֮㣬ֻԪַܣ׶̡
̻Уۣɷ֡
һ۵Ľ̻ʣŷŭߣҷӣػʮάҿ´ŭ˽̻ʴˡ
Ǻⳡܱơ衯
ᣬδ䡣̻ͳۻȫ
ҵַ򣬽ʱ˱ɽɱɱػɱⳡʧвʡ
ǹȫ֣Ӱѡػʱػգַܾˣ˭Ҳֲúãӳ飬
ַ壬û㡣



3102 
ޣô˵̻תͷǡƽߡ
ػ΢΢һЦƮݣͷϡ⡯ӡʮĿ̻ʴַһսȫ̹սһ˿һκεϸ֦ĩڶδ©սַ塭
˵ص㣡̻ʲ֪ʱѻϡߡ
Ǵϻۣȫ֣ػֵģΨһͷ۵ǡʵǆ¡
ػ˲ͷҲϡСߣɶԸַ塣
һ仰š
ֹ̻ʳһάػҲǲ첻ѣ̻ʴ˶޴ĵˣػ׽
ٵ̻ѹϡϲáߡ
ػ΢Цаɱ⣺̻ʵ֪ãΪ־Ҫȥ̫ƳˮԪʵǿ㣬ͻƳΪߣӵսʱҵȶԸԸˡ
ϻ̻ЩͷˣôȻΪɱַ壬Ѳô
ػ̫̫̫̫н飬֦ͬҵѣֻҪ̻ʴ˿ϡ
̻ҧֱӴϣɣҲȥǼ򣡡
ػŽ̻ʣһʱֺ֮ηˣ˼Ϊϲߣڴ֮ɱһֵַ̫׽̻ʣʵ֮żΪҵ֮
һ̻ŭĿɣʨ
ػ̾һҲ֪̻ƢԣһգַʱǷиоʲô

̻Ժ˲ʱֳַǹǿȴƿסʳ˺ѣܹŹ֡
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ָǡ̻ʳ
ػӵ츳ĸ֪ޱȽ̻ʸ֪ʤһǳⳡսȲʤȯ
ѹϤ̻ʻȻȷͳ彻֣Ѿ޾Ԫ֮ǰδʹܳ潻ս߽׳
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ǳƣ
֮սɵأټһӶóû취һԪܶϤ壬ѿȫ֣ôػȻûκ֤ݣƾɵ㣬ڿ壬δزַܶ塮ϸ֮ʱһǧɣҵȱٵ

̻ͷ˼
ΪϣǷܳɹַм̫˵һףܳɹ
ַ壬ڽӡ
²Σ̻ʵ
²߰ػ۾ЦЦַ岻̫Ӣôɺѣ⡮̫Ӣ̫ۡҲЩ˵ȥô
°ܡػҡҡͷЩݡػ
ƽĶۣһƲߣ붼ܲһá
ػΪ̫ϯҡ

ʲôʱʼ̫䵽ҪķȥԸһˣ
ػľƺһǧ


̫ʾ֭ôԸַʱַǱչأʵַۣں
ʵһС
ַ֪ΣأǺɺѣҪǿʵֻһˣѽϵ룬䣬൱ϵҲ䡣
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ԣͦԿ塣
̫ѣѶ
ɺѣͬӲ
֪ʱɺĽѲŻϢַںУûκϢԴǵһԪ˧Ҳ֪
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֣󳬼ֻ߲֪߲֪ͨ
һΣ󳬼ʵĸ߲㶼֪ɽ¥ĸоδ֪һƬɺǿƺܼ尾ƴȫ
ټԪδ档
£ַ峤һٴν״ֵ̬ĸ̻ʵսַѾУŸıǵڶεġ䡯
ַԴطΨԼʩչ
ΪַչܳژΪܱøܹ
֣Է
䣬ǽͬʱ100%
Ҫؼںϣںֲͬά̻սУַһ֣ͷս̱չء
ֻҪԴطĵڶ㡮䡯ַĽʵ
ʱٶϽ̻ʣǲ֮䣬ǡ
ȫܣ



3103 ˳ɻ˳
ڤɱ磬紦
ǧﳤĻɫ·ǹ̵ڤɱףںɫĻϴţ·һС
޾Ԫɫ׻ȴްģԽԽ⣬ԽԽ̡
ھɫ룬һǧֱ°ĵ棬类һȭ̮Ƶģ̮ĵϣһɫ޴Ӽ״ħƤһ㣬ɫ·ܼر鲼ںӼϣƷžӼ
ǧֱĵ棬Ӽռ˾ųʶԶԶȥͺƾɫɫӼƵġ
ʱھӼԣɫͷӰ
ǸɫϷ鼰·ÿһ缡·ǧ˸̺ۣϡֱϡϣֻҪüļϣа̺۵Ĵڡ
Щڤɱսʿҫ
ͬڤɱսʿӰüĴһɫơWŤ״̲ǿü֮ϡ
Ƽ
ڤɱ츳ȼ󼫡ǿĵƼд˱֡ӵƼӡǣԴζΪڤɱߡ
ںɺ൱֮ڡ
ʵԲ˺ܶࡣۺȪԿ°ͣŬŬ졣
Ƕ̫ˣһˡȪӣӴȡԿҪһ㡣
Ҫ֫ͷԼ򵥵ļһﻹˣ˶˵һȪȶˡЦΪŮӣһļ˿ȡԿ㣬ϵ˰̻Ҫϼ
Ȫˡȶˡһۣɽȭͷȶˣǲ˰ȭͷжӲһȭҵһƽϴ
㲻ɣȪȶˡЦͦͦأɫü΢΢̣ȴǲһɱ⡣
Ůӣ
Ͼ֮λģÿһ֮ս
ͱˡۺȭԿ˵˵ȥ⼸䣬ǲҶˣͲܺúô
ߣ
ȶƺǰֲϣͷһƲ˭Ҳ˭
ϸȥ߶һֻɫӼһɫӼ֮У֣ŽɫӼ
ˡԿŽɫӼĿ͸ҰĺͿޱ䡣
ֻɱ䣬Ϊڤɱ崫˵еġڤ񡯣ڤɱһ۳磬ά֮׳Ƴ

ɺ̫Դ档
ʲôַǳϸܣôܣ
Ҳţַ̻һսĿַȷʩչˡʳ̻ʵĺǳû
£ַ̻ܽʿƾʵʲôϸҪַǰˮ
̫ˣַ岻ûԺʦУƾһ֮ôԪʱɾ޵У̻ʵȻܣϸǲܻô
ҲôãַǿЩˡ̫ߵõʦУõõѪʲôɱȲߣңַ廹ֻһСࡣ
ıһ̫ıұˣַ̫Ӣۣǳϸⲻܵģַ֪֪βֵƽºպս

£ɱֱ꣬ڳŰַ̫˵ôΪʲôѳնݳΪʲôô
԰컨׹ʲôɱʮͷܳ棬ڼƵĳ壬ͷһգôû˵15͵16涼ֳڡ
̫ˣ֪֪ôڮһ̫ӢۣǶຮĵһ£ûκ֤ݾͻ̫Ӣۣ̫ݣ
ô˵Ҷ£վм乫ƽĽǶ˵Ѩδ򣬾˵ַ廹մܳژַ֪֪ûκһڡ
̫ˣһۣһַǳϸǴĿģǳ˰ף˻˼Ǯ

һʱ䣬ҥ
ַѶϢɣ˵ʣ̫ļƲ߲νν˳ɻ˳һ˵ûţһٸ˵һ˵أ
ֻҪһˣͻеڶĸŵһ˵Խ࣬ŵԽ࣬ȥŵ˸࣬γһѭ
ʼգַɵ㡣
ʼգַ岢̫ߡ
ˣм֮ġ



3104 
һΣַ岢ûбչغܾá
طĴ˵Ҳѣ˵Ҳףӡ֡䡯һϵãںϣұⲢַܻԭںϡ
䱾ʣͬġ
ںϣⰵʱס
һĿַʵӹɵġ
ڵ̻ʶսʱǿ
䣬ͬʱ䱬ɫ֮Ҷ100%໥ϣ໥룬ԣ200%ս
ԳԣԺɺߵɱ˻ǿ
ڣػ̻һϣҲ塣ַڵĵˣü޵ֻ̫˵־
ģôż
塢δ֪Ľѣ
̫ѹĲ١
磬ˡʮһϣƽһըצɵģࡣ
ţַ΢΢죬ĿɨʮԹһԪ϶һЩȺͲޣЩԹС
Լչز̶꣬ˣ
֪̫ڰƲҥ£ڮٴһԪ¶ҧгݣֶ൱ɡ
ġ
һԪ㽫£һһʮ渵ʮΪȴûٷ˼κҥǶֹǵԶ̫
ⷽ棬Ǻ̫Զˡ
ԭˡַͷһЦΪʲôء
ַû
ڵȫΪУַ嶼ν̰ȨҲ̰ƣιأеԼûҪǿȥı˵뷨
Ҳ̫ˣ⻹£ʮɴ۾ţΪһԪģ֪ѹûں
ҥֹߣҵȻңҵġַ΢΢һЦǲţΣ
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ⷴһûᡣ
᣿
ʮһԪһ£Щַ뷨
šַ֮ǰҺʱȶԶδƽ֮ʱһεĳֲ߻׼޷죬ʮ֮˾гϸ
лɶ󣬵û֤ݣȫȷ
ʮеצһ룬šü˼˵ǡԪ˧
ַͷжϣԪ˧ΪϸĿԺܴ󣬵ûκγҲǱᣬ涼Ҳ
ֹңһԪ˧β̽Ԫ˧Ҳδκγ֮
ֱɱ˲ôһԪʵ
ַҡͷǶΪֿƴȫ˵ɱŹ
ӣΪƽָȫ
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ֱڣһжֻԼĲ²⣬ûʵ֤ݡ
ˡʮȻͷʣצһ룬ͫ⣺Ǹصĳϸһô˴ûᣬƵϡ
ϴԼɣܳȥ⡮ǡһá
ַĻᣬûɴ
̫ƲֻҪϸɵסǧѷĺûᡣ
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ûҪַЦݾߣʲôǳϸôᷢңͶ
ַץϸܾˡ
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ϸһ죬ֱ㲻

΢Уﲻϡ
̫ļıǳɹģַ֮ǰϡ̫û̫֤ݣʶȻн߲ܶҡȻַ֧塣
ǣֻԼ۾ġ
ַΪż׷ߣΪҡǵ־ʮּᶨ΢ҥ𣬵˵ʮƽ
ַ̫廳ɵĲ٣˵лҲ٣ڮٵģǼֻΪӰַ̫ܳɹ
ⲢĿġ
ɱַ壬Ҫġ
⣬Ʋѳɣһô̻ɫƽǲߵ£ûӵַ屾ʵ֮£Ҫɱ¡
ͬ󡣡
ػ񳤷Ʈݣ¶һĨȻЦݣżֻɽۻ̬չɣֻǿʼѡ
˱Ǹ
ûܿкϢʱ
ҵж١



3105 κλ·
𣬹ַĻ⣬Ϊ̫š
̫ɿ£Ȼûȷе֤ݣַ屾δ⣬÷ת򲻺õһ档
ַԣ٣˵Ҳ㲻ʲô¡
ַ壬ѹͲںЩ
ûᣬ֤һЩ⿪һЩ⡣
ӿĲģڽš
ձ̫չֳ˳ͣһشѹַƾֶΣٲȻҪַȫѹ̮
ַ֣Ϊһֱأǲм壬壬ġ
Ϲ£ָ֮ǰ͸ϢôַǰڱչأҾַǰûչأҲΪ⡣
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ʲôַǰбҪ̯ô˭ûܣ˵ַǰ츳ףǿأΪҪڡ
˵ûС֮ĶȾַ֮ǰ̫Ľ

˵硣΢ַ֧ʻ൱ߵġ
Ѿһ죬ʼյòһ׼ȷ˭ҲȰ˭иаѳߣַѶϢʼǸա
ڴʱ
ˣ
ǳֳټ
ʣĸŰ

ǳöͷ
ɶǵɱǿ߶Ƕ֣
֧ԮɱЩĳӣ

ƻǳִ棬ڼƣ
ˣƻǵʧ൱أژն˺ɫÿµ
ôͻȻô壬˶


֣һεı
ǳڵ15棬16棬Ҳǳڵ1͵2棬ǳ˭Ҳû뵽̫Դ档
ֱ
ûκѶϢ˭Ҳ벻ĹɲǼ䱬鼰
ֻһգ۵ʱ䣬ֱٶȱ
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΢ڣַڣ
Ҳ̫˰ɣպַ򡣡
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Ҳãǲıչ˭ַ֪ʱͳӦϣ󣬴̫һֲ
Ӧһ̫عĹϵַƻǰˣôѲɡ
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ַϣѱһڴ

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ĺã̻Ϲšϲáߣ˫ִǷ·޾ɷ۵־Ž
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ĿǰûзκƵĴͨռͨ˵һǱ֪Ǳ룬ֶ൱ϸͱػԤиǿ
һ㣬ϲƿؾƵػ΢΢Щˬ
ûС̻ʵ˫뿪ź岻ֹǣ־˶ĳ壬֪ðġ
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˵ĵˣôɱػɱŨҡ
ػЦɱ˵ûνðЩ岻Ƕ类ȫ𡣳ϸһҶȥַ塣
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ػ΢Цͷʮάһغ⣬ַֹܲгһܲˡ
̫ȷԸַ壬ͳ塮ͬۡ
һóȾָ̫ǻˣʱԴԴ޾̫֮أܷܿܳһ
ܺá̻ͷո¶Եơ
һΣֹҪַ٣Ϊ˺򡣡
ңκλ·



3106 ֵ΢
΢ǣָ
磬涯֡ʮһһըǣǰǰҧƺһҲġ
һԪ¶֮ɫ֪˴βǿЦġ
һַ塮ϸ֮ʵ鷳ʹˣʱҪԸǵĿɲֻ̫̫Դߣ
֣һֱŲַӾɱͷܳ󣬱ϸ̽Ϻͼ¼
Ĵ󳬼ʱĲνϣܲ͸硣
ٶ࣬ҲûϢؾôһҺ׵سУвè壬кܴΪϸ֡
֮ǰѶϢ15棬16ٶȳֳ塣
ʤ
Ĵ󳬼ѾܽȻ棬ַӿ϶ϸĴڡ
ϸò
ĳ̶ֳ˵ȳͳΣա
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ܽԼϴףܳȥж
ȥ15͵16棬ټԪĲôַܸоϸԼļɵգϧ۵ؽԼɱ
Ρ
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ͷַɣַʮΣҲòΣΪַͬһͻᱻԭΣ亣ס
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һǱ˸˶ĳ壬ôһûСû¶֩˿һ֮һϸļƻͻᱩ¶ôĿԺС
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ôֻΪ޻ַ壬ַ屳
ԡַӦڼƵĳʲôںмֵʮڣڶû⣬ֻҪ㹻޵ķܡ
зֿߣ
ַһֶκ
ʱûСЩǸ⣬ַ彻£ûкܺɣﲻæֱڶδκο֮ͨû
ûϵ죬Ϣ֪ͨҡַ岢⡣
ϸƻ˹ô׶Ը
áӦ
ͨѶַ漴һԪ˧ͨһַ֧壬ûκλɡ
ϸ
ЦǱ˭ַΪƽָ˶١
ûַ壬Ӿһݣɢ̫˵ַɱͳ죬
ַҪǳϸͼʲô
ػ֣δ뿪һԪ˧
Щӣһδ뿪ôַʵ
šһԪ˧Ӧƿĺأֵַܣ᲻̫ˣֻɺϣҲΣûгͳȫϹϵ
ַСʻ괬һǳϸ鷳ʹˡ
ҲǡһԪ˧ҵפӾСɺϽȨ˵󲻴˵СҲСǳϸ鷳
ַһ
һԪ˧Ԫ˧Ȩƺܴ
ֻԼĿվڵһԪ˧ĽǶȣԪ˧ûκ⣬ҺԪ˧ܳӾһ˲ᣬ˹дһЩҲȻ
˲ã˲ɡ
ƹܾ񡭡ַ˫˸˼ǧ
ʱ巢չ׳󼫿죬ڱԼȥͷܳ󣬺ָܿԪ¸ڵ15͵16ո¶ͷ
ϴ˴̫û˲ʱ֣ס
Ԫ˧ԽԽɡ
һδ뿪֤Լװɡַ⣬пôôһȨߣֻػֲ뿪
Ԫ˧ǿҲǿ㴦񡣡
ˣԽǵˮ©ûԽ
ַԺԪ˧ԽԽɡ
ż
Ȼûʲôţܿͻ¶β͡
ɣֵ΢ˡ



3107 ԭ㣿
΢ǣ֮ء
ڵ˸֣֣ȫַ塮΢ǳ֣Ǵĳ֣ڹַ㲻뱳Ҳñ
ڿ壬ȺԹߣ̫ƲַԩҲ޴졣
ԳϸŻ᲻ϧһУϡ̫ôһ
˵ĵ˾ѡ
ԳϸԣַĴڲֹвǻԵľ޴ѣֻҪַڣͲܷչ׳󣬵Դܳľѻٲά衣
ĳ壬ɱǣ
ɶ񰡣ӵס˲䱻ΪƽأĻ
ˣһ
ֵǣһϣѳژˣػסǵļ԰

չ
ַԣ岢㹥ռ˵壬ܳɹ̫Դۼ̫ǿߣڹռ̫ԾĹ
ҪٽĿҲ棬̫Դ档
ǣֻǡˢһ
ַǳϸô
Ҳַ֪岻ǳϸЩǴͻȻðģҸպڵδ̫˰ɡ
Ҫַǰôǳϸأһҥˡ
Ѩδַͳ֮Ĺϵǧ˿ƣһѵ̫־ּԸַ壬־ǻһַԵkв̫Դ˺־Żή١
ȵٿ۾Ʒչ΢δֳ壬ַǳϸΨ΢ǣַ΢ǣǱǵĳһģ

ʱ䣬š
ڵȴȴһ𰸡
̫ڵȴȴ΢ǵĳַ֣һ
ַͬڵȴȴϸ¶š
ıƴĻ
ָУַȻɫƽǶţʵȻĽɫ֮ҫ绯ѳصףɢ
ޱȵӴƿطΧˡ
绯ǣС绯΢Ƕַƿ֮С
΢ٴ󣬴ùǧɽ
ɽƾ绯ƿǧɽַͬƾ绯ƿ΢ǣַԸ⣬ƿصпܣѶЩߣ̫󣬲ա
΢ǣַ
ȫϣַһͲ޵ȴϸ
~ַӰʱʧ
ڸղһɲǣ΢гϸ΢Ŀռ䴫ͲΣұڣƺʲô󷨣ʱ΢ǣ紵ݶַ塣
ڣˣ


΢ǣһɫľ޴ű¡
̣̣̣~~
޴Ŀ֮ҫɷģǿ֮סϢռ䲨ĺɫȦһͷ޾ͨδ֪ռ
ɣ
ȫɣ
ݺݵƻ΢ǣǵ棡
һźɫǵħǿߣħ֣һ˫ɸǹӵĴſЦޱȣŤ
ǾͳһսףϷӡ27
27źɾ̫Ԫ
֣޴֮·Ϊһ壬Ӵ΢΢ǽۻǿɫȦΧռ鿪
̣ϣ
ռ䱻˺ѣɫȦ͡
~~ںɫȦУһͷ棬ֱֻۻ裬ɱڣͷϵɫΪĿһͷĸҲӴŽɫâԲεİɫβһ㡣
ֻֻֻ
ɫȦʹԽԽĳ֣ڿ֮ڼϣϢӴ󣬿֮ѹſռ䣬ðϢй
ű£Ǿۼ
ɣɣ¸¸¸£̫ԪЦǡ
Цг岻ϳ֣ϢӴ󣬺ܿźɫȦʮµϢ֮١
ʣ
۷ߵĴڣ󽫣Ȼֻ֣̫Ԫһ£֮Щ彫ȳ΢ǣɱ
ܿ죬΢Ǳ㽫٣ֻš
ܿ죬ַ彫ǧָΪĳϸ
ܿ졭
ৣৣৣৣ
ĵ˲֣ɫĹâɷ˲޴ű֡
ַС绯ӵصֱ֣Ӹס޴űסӴ֮󣬸סĳ壬̫Ԫڡ
ʲô̫Ԫɫ˲䡣
ԭ㣿쳹ַӰС绯һ֣̫ԪƳǰ־ɨ˫ֳַĿ֮ڵĳ壬ԼǺɫȦͨ



3108 ûô
ַ岢ʶ̫Ԫսϵı־ӹɣġ
ǳϸ
̫ͣԪַ˲䣬šצһצӰַ֮˺ƬַϤ

ɺɺĹ
𡣡սѩ֣˲ΧС绯ɫ֮Ȼȫѹ̫Ԫ˫һϡ
̫ԪΪף֮ӵЧ˵ĳ
ϵַ塣
ַ壬նɱͳ죬̫ԪΪ塣
߳ϣֻһƿ̫Ԫķڶֱ̫Ԫ£ַδȫȻɽ绯˲ıԽ̫Ԫɱ
ɱ
ַδ϶̫Ԫݡ
ȻͶϴ˴γֱɵδ壬ۼδ棬ͷ̫Ԫص̫ãһûС
ʱ£⡮ϸݲű¶᲻̫ɺһ㣿
˵
ַԪ𣬵ʵȫѹס
̫ԪҧгݣħŤһбĿѣгӿڣ̫ԪſЦѪţιؼ͡
ৣ
ַ֮һݡ
ҪԱ
Լɱ޷ֹԱһ̫ԪԱʲô£ҿֱ֮ƿƬ֮еӴ壬ʱӿ
԰ƣڲӡ
ƬյĿ֮кܴռ䣬ȿȥ࣬඼ʺ۹ƻʮϡ
һ롣
¸£̫Ԫɫʹ࣬Ƶַ壬͵ڱըԵַǷɱ̫Ԫᱬը
ġ
·ڶַ˵б£ɱӰ
ûôסַ겨ɫ֮ƣ̫ԪԱǰһɲǣطʩչ
ѻꡤܣ
ɶַط֮£˵̫ԪԱûеֿĿɴ۾û뵽ַ֪ɣҪʩչط
ˣ
䣡
µ̫ԪӴڳ±ը걻ֹ̫ԪԱֻǰ
ҹߣ޽Ա
̫ԪʵߣԱжǿ
ɿ۷ȫһ
ַ幥꣬ζַҲֱ˺
أ
ַϵĽɫ֮ɢ룬ɼ̫ԪԱжǿַ岻ô׶Ը׶ܻɱַ̫Ԫ
о԰գַŻʩչ
ַС绯ػԵֵը
̫Ԫܴ
ַĶ֣Աǽ÷κܽӿռͨͷųΪ΢ǣҲһ롣
ֻϧĶָǿ
̣̣̣~
֮ķը⿪ǬĿռɢ飬֮ĳĴ˷ɢٶȷɿ졣
Щֱӹַ壬ɡ
壬û̫ǻۡ
ǵıܾǽʳһյ
ЩӳȥӳȥһС룬΢Ƕңַ屾᧿Σֱ׹µףһڹ
ΪѾûߣ̫ԪԱ
ַ岻ǳϸ˭ǣ
û´ڳŰֺ󲻾ã̫侮ʯءַϽɫ֮ոҫ
ϧһеǰǡ΢ǳֳ塣
κһͷ壬ôɣ̫Ҳκ¡
ĳ壬һͷ֡
ַ˫ɷ֡
߽׵ĺɷַɫ֮ӳ£һɫڵص𣬽űΧһȦסȫ塣
绯纽ĸӵصϣɫַڡ
𣡡ַȻ绯ۻ߽׺ɷ򡮴𡯵Ա̫ԪԱҪǿʮֹ
¡~
ѣ΢Ƕڲ
Ĵݵĳ壬˲ıըֱɣΪУűΪƽأַһѲ޵绯ƿȫ֣̫Ԫκλᡣ
һУַƿ֮С
̫ԪٲȻֻǰ׷һ
Ŷԡ
һַղŵٲȻջ



3109 ǳ壿
ϵߣܱᣬףﵽɲΣĿԸΪ㡣
ַҲû̫Ԫʵ
ɹᣬ˲ҲԱΪ̫ԪԱ档ըһȻʧ
֮ʩչΪַȷһ¡
̫ԪǷġϸ
ǡַǵọ̫̈̄Ԫ겢⡯ȻԼûдҲǱᡢū֮࣬һֱƻ󡯵״̬
ǻȷʵ
ǣ̫Ԫʵ
ҪƻһףԶɱҪѵö࣬ٸߣطҲǼѣǡ
־ַüͷ΢ء
ķʽеֶ̫Σ̫ͳһߣ
޿ܡ
־вԼҪöࡣ
ҲôַԳ˽ǳϸǳΪԴط֡䡯ַԳ˽֮ǰ͸öࡣ
ӵǿ߱ԣһͺͬ

Ⱥϣܻܿĳ壬ΪȵȣҪóȥʩչһЩʽطίʵЩǿѡ
ϸ򵥡
ַ֮ǰʵôϸΪϸ˵ֻǳͳ£ЭϮɺͳһȺףһϸʲôá
Ŀǰ
ϸ
صҲ
мĸʣǳ塣ַһ֮ǰĲ²ⷽȫѹֵһԪ˧ô鶼鲻ϸΪͲǳ壬ôܸӦõ
Լܻ
ʩչԼôҲ벻һء
ϸǳ壬˭
ɺߣ
ͳ
ʲôô
ַܴ岻òϣϸ̫Ԫһкܴ̫ԪɹԼˣʧܣ̫ԪӵгԱͻᱻϸΪ
ϧϸ©һ¡
ԼԳ̫Ϥ
ԳУȳͨ͸
̫ԪûгֻǺͿ֮һ壬֮ճתΪ̫Ԫʹá
ʵԼġ
ǳ壬ͳַԳ岢ô˽⣬ֻ֪ǽṹֻһλͷ졣
ͳ䣬˵ûмߵģܳҲɳͳ졣
kһǻۣ໹ǰж
ˣϸܵõЩʲô
ΡַͨһԪ˧ߵ鷳ôֵַܣ
Сַ΢ЦԪ˧Ϣͨ
һԪ˧Ц̫ӿִ壬ôô᲻֪󳬼۷׷ףŵĺܡ
ҵӦһֱ𡣡ַȻ
һԪ˧Ӧ֤޾ҲʲôҾһֵַ㣬ƾ̫ࡣ
лԪ˧ַлֹΪͦԼǸлֱڣӶ޷˵Լʵѵá
Ϊ̫ĲֵһᣬЩһϹ˹ۣûԴĴһԪ˧ߣоǱģмΪ顣
Ԫ˧ڳϸһַ⡣
ޣ˵һԪ˧Ȥ
ġַղŷ£ԼһЩƶ渵ǱߵһԪ˧˼δ
ַԣϢ̫
߳
ַ壬ɹˡ
ȷϸĴڡ
ңھ֮С
һԪ˧𾪵ǣϸ֮ǰĳ壬кܴǺɺߣ
ֵַ˵Ǿ鷳ˡһԪ˧ⷶΧ̫Ҫʶץסĳϸ̫ѡ
סַмϣԪ˧˰æ
̫ԪôҾҳ㡣һԪ˧
ַԽϸԽãʱĹ¼ȥЩط˭ȵȡ⣬һҪһ³ֱʱһЩ̫Ԫųڵ򡣡
ԽԽá
û⡣һԪ˧Ӧ
֪ԣ̫ԪǱƻ󡯵ģôбƻĿֹܲһ⽫ǾӵĴΣ
ַͨ
΢ǵϢҲģȥ򿴿
ҵһЩ



3110 һ֪ûٸ
򣬴ǡ
ɱɱЩɶĳӣ
ߣʲôĸ棬Ҳֻƶѡ
־ʤѾʼˣӮ
һЭ£ǧײȻɵĴ󣬵дڶ࣬Ҳ൱
ڴʱ
~~
һٿس֣Ӵĳۣ֮ɫâ֣է֮ʱ޲۾ƺ֡
ɫ֮
𡣡ַвûսѩҲҪ
С绯ɫҫɲǼкըѣҷͬС绯еȴˡ
˵Ŀ
ַɽ绯ƿ飬ɷͬﵽԲΣշġ
Ĺֱӣƻ޴
С绯֣ɫɲǼ׺ɷ֣ȻɢС绯ÿһɽ绯ʩչġ𡯺ɷԲΡ
¶㣬Ρ
ˡ
ǡַô
ַǰַǰæˣ
֪꣬أ˵ַǼϸô᲻ǳһߵģ
㣬ԴᶯһôϸԱôַ϶̫һߵģ˵ǳϸȫҥˣ
ɲҪ˵̫һַǳϷϴԼأ̫ˡ
ַ֣ǵսһߵ
֮ǰ׵ãգۼɽǵѹơ
ǵ̾ѣףһʱ߶Կ壬ַ𵽵ȣһһء
ַһ֣Ťת˾ơ
ףҲӮģ޷ַɨǧһɱһ
ֻԪۻ룬֮ߡ
ַ壬Ȼ鴫
ֶַΣꡣ
ֻǡԴһ֣һһ䣬һ֣һ¡һ䡣ҪеһͿˣ㲹Ҳûô졣
ַ壬ȴƿȫ֡
ƲȥַĿǰеݺɣʵ硣
䣡䣡䣡
¡~~~
ĸ滹ʣڱը˲䣬βַ̫ĳͬǳߵĿ
۷ʵʰ
һ˲䣬ҷ𡣡
Ǻεʵֲ̫ˡ
ǹ໹Դסһιʮ屻ɱеߺַǰĲٿǿ
쿴Χַǰˣ
ãǿȥַǰ

ըռ
ַΪģըһȦֱΧ޲𹥻һԱǿ˲ɱ塣
ڹΧڵҲⲨаɫػС绯ס˺
߽׺ɷ򣬴
һƬž
һεıըǷ·ը¡
ַ壬װߴӰȴ˷ĵ׵磬¡һ˫˫۾ȥûκβɡ
ҪַͣҲм͡
˵Щ߰ŲţûκӰ졣
䣡С绯סһژ˲佫ȫַӰִֻژֱա
~~~
ژַ˵ɲǼɡַԲ̰һϣܴӳژеõ
ϧûС
ӦѾɱˡַĿһɨסӰһǰ
ַ壡һ˼
λַƳսϵı־֪ݣɷңЩǴĸӿģ
һ
ƺû뵽ַʶĿҲֹ࣬
ұôַ߽Ų΢΢һŲ㻯һ⼲۶ȥЩԣַȥķſ첻֪˵ʲô
ˣ
ַǰȥæ˰ɡ
ţʣµĳǹӲдǶ֡
Ȼַǰһս󣬿˭ٶ̫ڶû¶ַǰնɱ֪ٳ塣
ַǰ׵ģɱ̬ǳһ֪ûٸɣǳϸҪȡΣʼջǻЩԥ
ǷûַǰͬǺԥعɼַǰͳ壬һëǮϵûС
ַǰܼᶨֵ׷磡
˵ûǿɲٻǵӢˣ



3111 ʵʤ۱
ַ岢֪ڴʲôӰ죬ָ·ַ̼ǰ߶⣬ˣԼӡ
ϣ˸ĳ弸ǲȺͬһʱڱ
ԣ̫ԪΪ
ַԺУس֮
һعռ䴫ͨҪƣ̫ԪûзһΪˣư˸
һߣš塣
ܲ˼ƶϡ
ƶ˵ӦЩһڰ˸Ȼͬһʱӿ
ַҲǹֿܣ΢̫Ԫһսַһֿܡ
̫Ԫͬı
ֻ˵ĳϸƻĲֹ̫Ԫһ
ԣַ֤Լ뷨
ȻгӾʱַ壬޷ظӦС֡롮䡯طַԳĸ裬ȹȥ˲֪ٲΡ
ϸ΢ĳɢں֮У˵ԡˡ
ַȻܸӦطĹؼǺںϣһԡһôһ״ַ̬ܶΡ
˳ϡ
ַһ·ϸ΢ķȥܿһƬɫ󣬴˷ڣХһУʧӰ
ڸǳôַɫ
ʱһ㣬ܰѳȫڸǣڵʱĲַǱй΢ǵľ飬ַ֪Ĵ֮ͨƩ纣סصסؾС
ôַоһ˿Ƭɫ롣
Ŀռдࡣ
ַһҲ֪µĹŴ֮ϣѸʴ
ŴеϢ΢ûַŴڲ˳ŲϢһ룬ܿһտ֮Ǭ࣬ǹŴľۼ֮ʱһĿ֮
֮󣬺͹Ŵûκιϵ
һ֪Ǻֵģϵ˿˿ƣбƻĺۼ
ռңռ䴫ͨҲƻˡַδκ̫ԪǾսʿһȥ¥գʲôû¡
Կ϶ǣ֮ǰһ΢ǵĹűһ
йһ̫Ԫǿߣ֮ͨռ䴫ͨһ崫ǡ
岢ֻΪ˶Ըҡ
Ҳпǽ˻ᣬ̫̽ķֻٵľʮ־ȣҪɢעԲŸôһ
壬
ǳֵࡣ
Ĺܻƻ֮ʹֻͨҪģһǣȫǿйơ
㹥Ҳ
Ϊ֮̫Χˣֻѣ˻
ûô
о԰գȻ᷸޴
ܾˡɱһƻСඣַ˵Ҳû̫ҪҵǱĳϸ̫Ԫ
Ŵϵķ֣һ϶ַ֮ǰƲ⡣
߸ӦҲһ
Ǻ̫ԪһףϸҲ̫ˡһߣܡٿء˸ס
ںɺ
ַ岢٣Ȼûгϸκֻǵһ򣬻߸δ̽
ߣҲû̫ϣ
ϸԶ̿ƣױ¶Լݡ

ǣƻǣǡ
ַٶȼ죬һ̽ڸĿɿڴע£һδγɱ¾ֳ֮
֮ǰ߶ھսʿַºšֱڣʶ
̫ţ̫ǿ
˼߶һͷͷɱַȦһƬƬɱЧߣҴûɱκһߣֵҲûѹκһͷ塣
ֻҪԴ֣ɫâһҷ
ʵʤ۱硣
ַʵж֤ʵϴɡ
Ҫǣ΢ʼնδֹκγټַǳϸΪ΢ûֳ壬Ϊַǰ˸ɱ壿
Ϸô
ַûҪôߵ
ȫҥԣ̫ܣˣ
ûַǰǳǣȻɳϸ̫ˣ
֮ǰҥַǰЩҳһȣǼַǰһɱóࣿһվ˵ۣġ
ˣַǰڣҲˣ~



3112 磬ϴ
ڰ˸ɱ壬ַҲһЩ߶ۣûԵʮҲʱϲ̵ػ㱨Ŀǰ鱨
磬ϴˣ
۹~
͸һʶгʮˬʵĴЦַҲΡ
Լʲôʱڹ
֮λ޴ǡ
̫ҪԼҥˣԼҲû취ǱϾǳֶͨ죬֡
ҲΪˣܽƾͼϸ
ƻǳɹˣֻϸҪԤиͬƾͼƣɹȻǺã㲻ɹҲֻʧһ֣ԴԼ
ʼգϸδ֣û¶κš
ַʱһ̩ǡϣﶨӵԿҲԼʱ·磬һɱ¾ʣ޼
һ֮ص·ҵϤĿ֮󣬵ҲκβٿߣͬҲûгټ
ֻǱƻ󡯵ߣҲԸʧ
ַԳϸⲨ൱ߣϸģһֱڰĵˣв൱
˳ڳ壬Ҳǳ壬пǺԼһһ
ͳǺϵ
ӳõЩʲôһַ벻ף幥ƻɣûκν裬һȫûκλء
壬ὫɵһȫɣΪԼʳ
ؼǡ
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3114 
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3119 Ѿ˫
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ӦƵһߣѸĶڴռҲռطַ˵ܳмֵֻнɫͽɫҡ
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ġֶΡŮ̫ˣޱȷḻ;Ӫ΢ǵ
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3120 δ
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3121 
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3122 άͨ
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3123 ̫ǿ
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3124 Ԫ
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3128 
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3129 㿪ľͺ
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3130 άȿռ
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3136 ڤɱ壬
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3139 ̶ֳֻô
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ұֺܺáܹһֳüɫâЦŹףɱʮڤɱԪ˧һشʤڤɱ壬ǽɱĺһѡ
ʲĦػĿȥս⡣
ͬףͬǶԿڤɱʱ֮ģ˭ϣáÿһս׶ñͻףǹѫһ
âʥ潫һͨ͸ɫˮŵɫâĺɹʵһףڽɱػУ˫һ׵л档
ϧһһа
ͽɱػƴѾһˡ
֪ɱػɱ˼ڤɱԪ˧಻٣պñһ
ʵһͽɱػ޼ɱػɱǿΪõ潱ÿһνɱػ񶼻ƴȫõıʵ
ϾõóֵĽ
ʱ񣬽ɱػ˵Ǽ֮µĵһǿߣȽ̻ʲ඼̫
һγսַҲĿѩڻ
ǺǣСһտʼЩнȷʵֲһϯ۾ЦǺǵɱڤɱԪ˧һ
Ǳߣֵػ΢΢鴤˼ĿվվеΡ
ַ嶼ɱڤɱԪ˧ζšֵˡ
һ΢΢ͷձɱػȥţɱڤɱԪ˧ַһ֮ࡣ
סܺáָľ޴һսɱڤɱԪ˧ǳ
԰ҼǵһһβſɱһڤɱԪ˧ɣܹ
һɫʱһ죬Ƚ˲ʱֿˡ
ȷʵʱַȣȫȥˡ
ñȥҶͬһߵսѡһϯͷһСؽë鲻һսһԪϢ
ڤɱĹһйɣһԪҲŻٴη𹥻
и⡣ַͻȻڡ
ţ
Ŀ
߲ȼյƼôΪβʹãֱַ棬֪Լ⽣Ӱֻһƿľ󣬵ʼδȫ
ڤɱ壬Ӧˡ
֮ǰսԼսڤɱԪ˧㾡ȫûΪͳ˧ĵ⽣Ӱڲ׾ܹ̫ߣ⽣ӰΪβô
ƼԶȵ弫桯ǿ
淮شɡ俪ڣһ֮ǰҲʹ⽣ӰȷʵʩչƼƼάͨѹ
ҵȹ⣬Ƽ󵶹⽣ӰĻάܾѾﵽ200⻹㹥ʱά
Ѵﵽάؼ޵άͨʱױ
ڤɱȷҪǵķҪðգעһԵ⽣ӰֻʮԪܽάͨ500άء
ʱٽס
ַͷ
ѹֵ⽣ӰʩչƼ
Ӿ磬Ϸĵάͨ飬ʯ٣˭Ҳòô
⽣ӰоԵİգȵάͨӹ̺һ߽άͨڵĽǸ̫ѹʵ
ڤɱ壬ԶҪࡣ
׶Ը



3142 ˭˭֪
һսڤɱȥ̫ǿ˻άͨڸ
Ҷŵƣ⽣Ӱ֮ԲʹáƼȫʵҲǼɵʱɱ棬άͨ޿ת飬ͬʩչɱУʯ١
һάͨұ§һ
ǿ֮άռͬϣοס
ڤɱ״̬ȷЩŹ֡Ϊ̫һԱⳡսַҲܸоڤɱΪ죬ƺΪӮⳡ̶ͼ
緮ԣڤɱʲôĿĶãΪһ̫ǿ߳ӭսûѡ
Ҳ򶨣ΪǼά챦ôַкܺ棬ȡάȿռǼά챦ʲôʲôãжǿ
ά챦ͨҲ൱׺Դ
Ŀ棬ߴʱָĵݹⳡսǷ棬ֹҪס⽣Ӱ籩ĹԾػ̫ÿһߡ
ڤɱ˵һԪ˧ʲô
̫ԣһ׵䣬Ǿ޴ʧ
ֵܵڤɱľôһ㡣
ܹĵ֤ʱ뿪һսһʱġͣսڡ󳬼̫ϾһͷҪ
һͣսڣ뿪̫̻һС
һͣսڣ뿪һС
ԵάͨΨһδ뿪ľǷ;߶̫ĹǣȱһɣΨһܶԿߵ֮ﵽ֮żľܶϺȪǿ
λףʵڲ֮䡣
ܹǿһ㣬һϯһ㣬ǿҲޣҲޡ
ڽ̻ʣ̫ڣ־ӳɣܴͬﵽ֮ż񣬵άͨʵȴѷɫһ
ַо̻ʶĵ⣬ɱػػ
֮ǰһ¶⣬ûʲôоͬһƬռ䰲оͺˣ֡⡯֪ľͷҲ֪
˴ìҲǿ߻Ϊѡ
ַνее£̫ʱ̻κԼãάͨͬκԼáԴط䡯ԸڤɱǸã̻ʶսȴԿơ
̻ûжһȴ̲סˡ

ǹ־âһ̫ǿĿ۽ֻһַַͣǰ˫սԣǹȻַָ壬֣սһ񣿡
Ӽַһս
̫ϯߣַǴµһˣʵȽײһ̫ȴһֱһַ塣
ĸһ̵ס
ڤɱսӮַ壬һܹԣһһڤɱɱɱһڤɱԪ˧
ҪԱȣʵսҲˡ
ԣһҪֻ棬ӮԼĸ߰
԰ַ嵭ȻһЦ֮ǰһԼд裬˵һ𲢼սսѣдһ޷
֮ǰԼѴӦ
ޣһϯ΢ֵһŲ۾˹ôȤ֤
ৣ
ͫȤ
̻ʴšƽߣһԲ˭Ҳµı̻ԵĽɱػȴЦһ
̫̻ʴ˶κβַ壬οһ
ַսϵı֣һһдսʱʵȫ
Ԫʵ򡭡һӲ硣
˭˭֪
׻˽һʵټԪһֱһڱƴĽɱػȻһȷʵԴʵ۷ס
ҲǺڲ֮ѡ
ܿͻ֪ԼжɱػԲһοһҲš
ÿַʱ١ػΪ̫ϯңǽ̻ǣȻڤɱв󣬵ַ̫вͬС
֪֪ˣɰս
ַ塭ַһս̻ʱļºɵһԪСһ̫ںƽ֣̫֮κá
ˣ˵á
̻ʶδ뵽취ôԸַ塣
֣һսұȫԸһȷʵ԰ʸ񣬽߱׶Īĳ֮ά󣬸ǿƥ
ԴġĻǹ磬һʵɲ⡣
Ҳǡַȡսѩ֮һЦ
ɫ֮ƣɽ绯һǿСĶ֡
׼ˣСһһϯ΢΢ЦĿɨһַ壬ͷһСؽëҡΣڴ
ʼɡ



3143 ɾѧ
ͣ
һȹдȫԸ
δʩչѹΪַ岻ƽֻһȷʵˣ̻ʵ涼ѹƲסַ壬ο
ﲻһԴǹСĻѸףڤɱԾ·硣ڤɱȻɣͨ޾սɱ¾ĥµ;磬һǹиԡ
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ǹУΪɾѧ
ɾѧͺطһײεǿ߶ԣǸ߼ޣΪܼţм߼׼ܣ豣˵Դ
ַ֮ǰ㴴׼ܺطѻꡤܡ
һ̫ϯߣΪ̫ߵ֮һƾ֮ﵽ۷ףףһԺ;Ϊؼ
֮ʲôӵг֮Ҳв١
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ǹд壬һȫǹΪһ壬һеʩչֱַ֮һݣȴǾַĿǰļһ
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ַֻܺطһǹС
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һѳǹռ䶼ڹ֮УƺÿһǹĹλÿһߣһǹʹһüΪӴ
ǹǹУǹһôһԹۿ򲻵ôУһֱӽַ֣ȫĵ

ͺ֮ǰԼھһ
ײٿأǿ
ɾѧ磬ַĿǰҪġ
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ά屶ļַǿȺѽȣһ֮ϡ
ҵǿһһαˣֱ۶Ƿ飬𺧲ѣΪţɿȼף
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һαƴ˵СţڶαƴѾ浶ʵǹಫɿѰֹһ𺧣Χ۵һ̫ǿҲǵɴ۾
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Ц
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׺ҡ
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硢壬һжǹ֮С
ĻУﱩ棡һȫȻ·صڤɱǿ߶սʱȫԸΪָ֪ûκʤ㡣
ڻ˵ַ壬һѹ˲ôˡ
һϯڲԶҲڣ˵ַ壬Ҳֻˡ
䣡
豺ɾѧ
׶ľΣһо֣ʲĦػĿ¶ɫӵԣȾѧʵֺֹڴˡ
طַǲٱ
ڤɱԪ˧δʩչط漴תɫ֮ޱߣһֱһѹƵǱǣսѩǿڶΣгһͷѩ׵ޣצ
һС绯ڴ绯ǣغϣɷ𡯣ֳһ߾ߺɫ·һ壬һС
ʮ𣡡ַУӭһ
δʩչֺͺ䣬ַֹ岻ռһˣΪַеظܡ象ĺɾѧʲôľ硣
ַ壬ͬдԡ



3144 ӣسɴ
һߣǹǿ
һʤۻǿȼ֮
ַ岢δʩչȫʵȻѹһ
һʵǿ豼ǹжڤɱǿ߶ܴݿַ࣬Ľɫ֮ʮС绯ĺȫȻڡѹһ
طַơ
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䣡
ַĵغһɫѿŲšַǿԶԶһ֮⣬ǹ֮ǿίʵš
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ǿ˵ɿ֮
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ַߵ·ͻֻԪʱԶַôǿڵĻѳΪΨһǿ֮صһάͨ
ӣسɴַһֱܸߣҲΪ𽵹ַ塣
ַĳûôߣһ·ÿһʵʵʱ񣬷̫ǺɺҲڶַˡ
̫ԴĵһţΨһͽܡ⡯ӵ֮սֽ׶ȷʵַǿһַɾʹߣ֮Ტۣʤһ
ַϣ·𿴵һӰһƧĮȴ޵ںɺӰ
ҵȿϽ߾ȫ̫ʼ޷ȥ壬ҵȵĹϵҲ鵽޷޸̾ϧ
ڣάͨڶһ档
ڤɱ壬塣
ͫ
ɺûгǿߣǸǿȴ˺ɺ
ۻʹ»͡
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ˣΪֹһϯʱطַֿһʱѡķǳ֮˴˫дȻδֳʤδǿɱʩչ
սڲǽ֮ʱ
дȴոպá
һû䣡һĨȥѪɫѿеս塣ղһеĽǴ·ģ˵ˡ
ĻֻУǿĵĻδ
û˵䡣һϯɫƽ΢΢Բд֮磬ֻд裬ʤ
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һϯô˵һڸղŵĽǱַѹģôʧܵһ
ƺսĿַ壬ַ嵹νʵַԼҲд裬һϯˣַҲ˵ʲô
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ˡΪһüŵϯһһɳĴһϯ᲻˽Լӡַ峬ʵͬʱһϯһġ
ǿѹؽⳡд裬ƺһǲʡ
ڶһϯ˵ҲͦΪѵģȥ֪һһ䣬⺢ĸַܸ壬ǳ
սһһϯսܣǿҵս
һϯĿɨ棬񣬵ȻܣٲȻһϯԼνѶϼ£㷮;Ҳƫַ塣
ô˵һҲԼҺӡ
ٴȥҲ䡣ǱߣɱػмһСȴӲһĶ䣬ʱ˫ͫͨ죬ŭӿ
˵ʲôһͽɱػһֱھ˴ˡˮݡ
ɱػŬŬ죬뷴оһɡơϢʱһҪ˵ĻȥػҡͷԼǡ͡
һһϯҲΡ
֪ɱػ˵ʲôҲо̻Ĳáǰ̫£Щ״ά֪ͨ
ĻĻδȫգշģˡһϯĳֻд裬㵽Ϊֹɣҡ
һϯַ壬ɹʩչҲӮַ塣
ַڲ֮ǰ̻йһս
ֲ١



3145 ɲöԸ
ֲ٣
һϯĻ𾪲ѡ
ǶַʵԤѾܸߣ̻ʴƽ֣ⷬǳ;ὫŽɣһϯ˵ġ
˾Ųʮ
˭֪̫鱨ǿһüš
̻ʵɴšƽߣȲڣҲϣٲȻĬϣϸոսɱػԣǿ߶ʱ
Խ̻֮ǰ뿪Ƕʱ䣬ȥַˣ
׶ַйΨ̻ûС
֮ƺЩ⡣
⣡һ¶֮ɫԭǻսʱΪУţҲ֪ǽ̻ʵĶ֣һϯ˵ⷬԲ޵ķʸ
Ͼ̻ʾһԡ
ַ徹ܺͽ̻ʷͥ񣬿Цİɡ
ֱ֮Ϊַֹ嶼δȫ
һɫЩѿһֱΪֵȴû뵽ַ塣һϯԣַ̻ʵʵ
亹һЩ̿֡
뻹ܱһϣȫԸٱַܣĿ֮£ʱǰˡ
лַָ̣ǳһɫòַͣգ΢΢
ֿˣջ޴ǡһҲˣ̨ˣѲɻǱô˵ַ屾޳ԹһţʶԱԵĺá
ܷһָһ¸ղŵǹһַ˳һܽջһ¾緽ĸ򣬴ͨһҲһӣһá
û⡣һҲһַôӣĻϲʱղŵɢߣȥǱߡ
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ߵ뿪ʱάͨڴݰһ˫˫Ŀȴͣһϯϣǽ̻ʣ˫ֻĿת֪ʱǡƽѱɡߡ
٣ٺ١һϯŽ̻ʸЦΡ
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档̻Ŀ棬ı
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ס֪̻ʺܶʱɼΪ̫֮ף־Ȼû˵̫࣬Ҳˡ
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ΪءַĶԹպ飬Ҳ֡
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;һ˿ûʲô·ղŷһкȫ޹ƵģһϯµͷϵǴؽëЦЦ
ַ֪ƫַɽ绯ҲǷæõģַ֮Ϊ̫δļ̳ߡ
⻷ڤɱǿϮΪ̫ǿߣϵ𣬱Ž̫жǿߡ
̫һУԲ١
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Խ̻ʵĸԣûôЭһϯҲˣ̻ʶַоɱ⣬ݵһ֣ḷַ̻́ʷͥ񣬼ʱջ̻ʣ
ҲɵӦз棬άͨеǻᡣ
ͽ̻ʡôԪһϯ֪̻ʵƢԡ

ַ壬ɲöԸءһϯģ̻̫Դ涼ɱַ壬ڸѣû־ӳɣʵ̫Ҫѷɫһ
ңַάֽͨˡ
ȫûޡ
ÿһԪַ嶼
̻ɱַ壬ûôס

άͨǰַһֽţޱؽĻĸڡ
һĽʶַ壬Ҷܡ̵ַҲе㡣
Ȼʵַܲ壬ھ緽棬ַߡ
š
ޣԭ

ַ̣֮С
ѡ൱ȷھһ棬ھ̷棬Ҳһջô
һһ֣ǹ֪֪ףһ棬һǺޱؽ̵ڴǹʱַָ֮Լǹһ
ңһԺ;൱ߡ
ַʮ˳ַڸʲôѵ㣬һҲֱʾ
һġ̵£ַΪһǧ
ʱﲻһľ磬ԾѧطĴַǹУܶ౾ͨ緽һΣΡ
ĵڣַһ֮󣬴άͨ
ʶһԲֻЩ߰ŵĹԡ
ַ壬һҲΪ۷ڽսдУھָС˵Կ£ھ̫
һַԲ£ǡ




3146 ߱ڤ
ַԹȻǿû
ⲻΪԣ
άͨάȿռ䣬ԶںɺĲΣûнޣҲûмޣ󣬴򵶷°빦
ַάͨϵÿһ߾綼֮ϣڤɱԪ˧ǱĬ£ַࡣ
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һһͫǲ˼飬ַϵսˣ
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һַ岻ַͬҰ·ӳ򡣵һһһӡѧԺı࣬ǹеϵͳѧϰɾѧһδεĴ죬򣬶ͳġ
ʱͳһĴ졣
һֱһĺɾѧ쵽ĻĵĻƿַ㣬һ˻Ȼһµĸо
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ǹƺҲоƿɶ߿͸ۻֱάֱͨ졣
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ߣһҪͻƺɾѧġ˵ΣԼҲָ㡣
һԪַ巢֣һջ񵽵Щ֪ʶܻ棬һשڵһʹԼʵĻ
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3147 쳣
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һάͨǡ
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3149 ܵõ죡
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10άΪάͨɺ߸֮һֱڹעάͨտʼʱע⵽ˡ
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3150 йأ
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3151 Ƥֱ
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ĸϯһַ޲ڡܹһֳü΢΢Ц
һϯƤ˷Ҳܹ̾ϧֻһַ壬ַзάͨҲפأȫסڤɱ塣
Ҫڤɱ壬̫ѡ
֮Ͳ˽һڤɱĵս൱֮ǿ֮ͬʵѹɺ
ɺΨһİ취ǵֵ˵ľסڤɱŲȴάԶάͨѣ˵ʵǸ翹
ΪԲ
ʱúܳпϵάԶ̶ǧټԪҪԶάͨѣǳ˵Ρ
άַͨסڤɱŲпܲ漣ġ
ǧټԪ޷ԶԪʮԪ˵һˡ
άάȿռλãÿʱÿ̶ڱ䶯
ϧַֻһ
ַ岻ǿĸάͨŽô벢Զ̻ʵˣĸάͨľ߶̫סŲ
ܹ˼ص˵ͷ
ҲǸ
Ͼַڰжڤɱ岢֪
ǿԣѾɢ൱ڽַһΪģάͨн䱸֮Ȼһʱ䣬ӵʱԶ缯һάͨһϯ
Իάͨľ棬һάͨĿǰٵľƣԶΣյöࡣ̻ʵסάͨûãһڤɱ幥κһάͨ޼ɵسֱ롣
һάͨĿǰάѳ1000
̻˵ûĿǰһάͨϾҽάͨǿ֮ǵάͨͬǿ֮άͨ
һάͨлֵάͨ
ɫأĿһɨֻҪκһάͨƣֱɺľ޴ƽ١
ݺ顣ƮֱӴϣάͨĿǰδȶΪԴҲǵķڲġ
⣬ַ̫δϣս뷨ɣĪҪҵ־ǿϡ
ѯʣ
ƽȴһ˿ɡ
̻ƽоţɱַ壬ҪƩ确赶ɱˡһַΪڤɱ幫Уڤɱ߾ȫɱַ壬֡
ԣɶס
̻䲻ޣ̫ԴԷհ׽ӣô˵ݲаɡ
ǣ档̻ΨӦ

άȿռ䣬ַȫάꡣάϴɱһ¥Ҳԡ
άһְǿ
άȿռĴάƿ֮
緮ԣַԼ뷨ԼҪ£󳬼̫һӣԼ
ַ壬ɵġ
ϣͬ100ޣ걾Ҫֻ꣬ǿȶԣԱȲ
ַ֮ǰϴϴ꣬°빦
ϤҲ֪εѭ򽥽
Բ˷ѡ
ҲãҲãһ֣ǻеĻԽǿɱԽǿַһĳ֮ҪǿΪַ𣬾һһμµǿμǿ
꣬ˡ
ַĻѡ
άϴ꣬ǿǿ֮ǰͨǽڡ
ѳΪ̵ĳǱ
һϴַ꣬һ߲ʱȡάͨ⽣Ӱҷɾ裬ֻҪͺȡ־ĻᲢ࣬Ϊ⽣Ӱܿٴפء
Կһο⽣Ӱ׸ַᡣ



3153 
֮ǰַһػһԪһһַػԪڼڤɱַνһȫֵ̫ס
άͨĳάûӣζڤɱս޷
֮ǰ̫Ҳ޷ƣľԷǱߣǵ⽣ӰʩչƼȻݿԲ
ԪַǳģάĥϴǿĶϴ꣬ĵǿΪ˳
һ־άȿռ䣬һַɽ棬Ӧά
ڤɱζսַԵĸ
ȻֻڤɱԪ˧Ҳַ֮ϣڤɱսʿȼ츳ƿرУóսͬǵ츳
ΣĴΣΡ
һδĥάȿռջַ岻Ͻʵ̫ǿбӡǱ޴
ץסᣬɱ䡣
նڤ豣׵ĵڸ涼˾޴ȵһ߱ڤǿ࣬һַֻһָ£ɱ䣬ڶУȴԼʵʵڴġ
ͻƹܡﵽһµĲΡ
䣡
ʮ㣬һעĵսѩ޾߿£ַǿἫµӲڤɱԪ˧ɱ
ޣַͻȻҲ˷ע⡣
ƿؾÿһ̫ǿߣ涼ӦַʮԪһֱδɽ¶ˮ͵£汾ͺܺ棬ʵ׵һʲôĻ׼
ѣһˣ
ַ߳߳ɾػɱһڤɱԪ˧˲ֶϵڶڤɱԪ˧ͬͬϲͬڤɱԪ˧ͬĽ֡
ɱ
նڤ象
һгԼһ˿ڤɱ塮б⾳УַĹڤɱһǰƣԱ֮֮
䣡䣡䣡
һɱڤɱԪ˧ɱɱңʵʱڤɱע⡣
ڤɱ幥̫ռ̫καˡ
絶⽣Ӱʵȫɱףͨ۷׸Ķ֣мôڤɱֻսϲƾеսսսС
ַڤɱǿ߿С
ʶһֱַսĶڤɱԪ˧Ҷһһ
ΪڤɱԪ˧ַ
ôߣڤɱԪ˧Ͳмɱ֮οԶһ
ڣͬˡ
䣡ѸɱںȪУʵ͡IɲʶԲ̫ߵļףҲһ
ۼַɱػ񣬹ַ塣
˵Ľɱػû׷ȥתɱһڤɱԪ˧Ͳ˦һ޷Կǿ֣սûκκôҵʱ䡣
ҡ
պãɱַ塣
Ϊ̫һԱɱػ̻ͬһߡ
Ȼ޷Ըַ壬Ͳַάͨ䣬лᣬǲַһ̡
ôַȴѾá
ڤɱԪ˧ûʲôսԣսٺò
ɱ⣬ڤıУ͸ǳɫâȫܵĲлȼһ㣬ڤɱƣڤɱԪ˧Ȼͬ
ȼ弫棡
Ŀǰ⽣Ӱʩչա桯ΪڤɱȵļбһΨӵейء
Ȫڤɱǿߣǡ
⽣ӰǺ
ڲҲǿ
ǿ߱ǿйأԽǿȼԽͣԽǿͬʩչ桮⽣ӰڤɱҪǿöࡣ
ͨڤɱġ桯಻
Ľڣǳɫâɫϣϡ
ս֣ڤɱͬС죬ʩչȼļбȻ޷׼ѷӻ
Ǹȼǰϻս
һǿµαٶȺ
ڶϻӿֽɫâǿٶȼӿ죬ͨ
ڤǵ⽣ӰĿǰ״̬Ŀǰˡ
ڤɫףѷڶٶڲ֮䣬ȵڶǿ࣬ʡ
ƽս״̬
Ҳڤɱ幫ս̬


3154 ۹
ǿַʡ͵ĵơ
ڽάͨǰַ̻ʿսȻвΪԴط֡͡䡯̫ʱĽ̻ͬ־ӳɡ
άַͨδɽ¶ˮŲʵڤɱԪ˧ս򵶷磬쵶
ϱάȿռ䣬άϴ񣬶ַ˵ս
սʱַҲ¡
㹻ʵӦԡ
طֻСɣַĵǿ־طķҲԽԽѡ
ɫ־ȼĶַһ״̬ɽ˲ǿ
ϴɱ꣬øǿ͡
ڤɱԪ˧սҪʩչط
䣡˿ں˰̾쮺Ի͵սַԽǿսԽŨÿһڤɱǿ߶ս֮ģǱǿĸԴ
սǵ
ȼ꣡

ǧǳɫĹâַսѩഥһɺϢ˲սѩ⣬桮Ȼ
أ
һֱӺַ塣
ꪷ۾磬ַ֮ϡ
ַԽԽֻ֮ǵһν棬ʵжǿַȫܸоõ䱾ʵѷɫ̫ȫʢ״̬µĽ̻ʣս־ɱҪȽ̻в
Դط䡯ڤɱûκãַԲʹá
ƾɫ֮ʮԪάͨĸĥַܿɱ״ֽ̬Ҳ⡪
Ǹɣ
ַûʩչְͼܰõĶսɱȴַ죬Ҳޱġ
ͬս졣
԰ԽսԽϲԭûַ壬ֻⰭ۵Сһˣû뵽һء
ʵ־ַʩչĵֵĿУַĹ涼ڤɱ塣
һɨԭ޷սܲˬС
ǰСһĹʽɱЩӲöࡣ
ñеıУѪꪵ⣡
ˬ죡
䣡䣡䣡
߼ҵսҲǿ߹ע⽣ӰڣüĴŤġW˸⣬⽣Ӱڹͷ棬Ҳһֱעս֡
ΪȪάͨ˧⽣Ӱƴ֣ʵϸ糾
óս߱ɱ
ڤɱսȺû뷨ɱ¾Ⱥ
СӣܾúϤ⽣Ӱ֮ǰսУѾע⵽̫߶һˣҲ̫⣬սһս
һΣַĸоЩͬ
һַʵ֮ǰսʱǿѷѽ⣬ɿȼף⽣Ӱ治ѡ
ģǶַĪϤ·ļ벻

Ǵô
ΪʩչĵڤɱӰӣ
Ϊڤɱľߣĵ⽣Ӱһ۾ͿַĵڤɱıУսʽ
ûʲô⽣Ӱַ͡
۹⣡
ĪϤȴ⽣Ӱһֱɻ󲻽⡣
䣡䣡ַ岻񵶹⽣Ӱǰ㹥ģڤɱԪ˧ַͥڶȫԸ治֪ôд
ϴߣ⽣Ӱַģ
άͨ־Ľ棬Ϣڣʶ⽣Ӱʱַ֪ϢΨһܸ֪ģַľ־
Ϊ־־ɱ
֮ǰսַδʩչطһʩչˡ
Ȼطʩչģ־Уͬط֮УֲǺԣ⽣ӰЩӦֻϤȴ˵Ȼ
ֻǴȥò𰸣⽣ӰҲٶ롣
սսҲΪַһСһﻨ̫˼Ϊ˧ƿȫ֡
һ֣ʵղҲˡ⽣Ӱһߺһ㣬緮;²⣬ڤɱÿһνĿġ
ֻɺ߲֪Ҳ²
άȿռľڤɱԶںɺ
ǵĽȻսͽأҲɺսάͨĿģҪĿȴǡ
ȡ
ֻ㹻ǵĻɱ䣬Ϊڤɱ崫˵еġڤ񡯡
ʱڤɱ۳磬ά縩׳Ƴ
Сǣߣ⽣ӰЦֱӺһУ⽣֣ȥ


3155 ò£
ڤɱһεȥάͨعƽ
ַ֪Ϊÿһδеǰ侲ڤɱһδν޹ÿһˢһߣ̫ǿ벻侲ѡ
зľػɡ
Ϊɣ侲
ַԼҲѰÿһν浱ĥ£սɴǿڤɱսջǷ˶ߵͬÿһ̫ǿߣʮԪַѸ͡
ַȤȥάͨ濪ʵ
ţַЩ죬ף뷨Ľ̻ҲǾ̫׷˼
һϢߴҡƽЩأȽȽĿɨڸոգάͨĳأѳ350ά
ʲô
ô죿
ˣ
䣬ܹɫ˲䡣
ά̫ͨԴפصģٵһάͨԭѹӦСʮԪǰάͨ200άڡ
һӱˡ
ʼδ
350άĳѾˣ̫Դ߶Ҫŵס̫Դ棬Դһ
άͨǿ֮ȪĪСӹٶԭͱǿ죬ǰڡһϯΨһûоȵģΪҲյϢ
ĿƳַ壬һϯΪַڣǣס˵⽣ӰʶӹٶȻֱڶδ350άάͨȪĪСļӹ̡
ʵϣһڶάͨҲ赲˾ߵļӹ̣ʵӹ̣ԭǺ顣
ܹЦַ֮岻ǰɡ
ǲ⡣һϯ۾ͷһСؽëζַĿǰ֮⣺ַڣ̫֮
ףһ˵ûַȷΪ̫άͨΣڵϦһڤɱɳֱ룬άֵͨܵסҲá
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κһάͨƣڤɱǿ߱ԴΪݵ㣬ǲڤɱǿɱɺʱؽһȷѪꡣ
Ŀǰ˫սԱɺȫơ
֮ڤɱǱŸߣҾþսиǿ֮ѹɺߵ֮
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ҵϢϣõ֧ԮĿַ壬Ƿǰάַͨ
̫Դ֮޼
ַ֮ǰڷսм֡
ƾ涨ᡣַԴ˵ûʲô飬ĶĿǰάͨȶͬһάͨһҲӦá
á΢΢Цַ⡣
ĿɨһϣһԸַһǰάͨ
ңһΪ㵣ܿ췴Ӧû⡣
Ϊ̫ϯߣһԲսЩԪַһֱһƴַȥάͨߡ
ܹƳһϯü΢ôĺȥðˣ
˭֪һһϯϤ࣬籦
һϯǺЦ˼ҵ˼ʲô᲻ãﻥӦãοǸò֡
ޣܹһ
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һϯǺЦǲ룬֮޼Ѱ˹ȥѵ˼㱨ꣿٲҲм֮óԲẮᡣ
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ʣȨһüŵһϯΪͨ
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Ŀ΢ЦȥάַͨҪѧϰ̡
ޣַƺвػ
ҵλ֮Ϊߣֶڡ⣬ڻ֮ϣߡ
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֣һС
ַ̡ͬߣܵõ޼ջԸӲƣַ꣬ĺ;־ãֲ̫ڡ
ʶһֱľʱҲֻСɣ˵ﵽԲǴɶңңڡ
£ǼѵĻᡣ
ܵõ޼ǰָ㣬طɣһ˱ֵƱˡַʱҲЩڴ
طСɣǿһ
ﵽɣǿʮ
ַĿǰĸʮǿ൱ֲĵ;磬ܿսһֱӿ롪
֮



3156 άȾ
ڤɱ磬紦
ããã~~
̵ڤɱңϴܶڵľǧﳤϣֺھһ̨ϣ̮ĵ洣ĽɫӼһɫ·
ޣ˭ˣۺȪԿü
ȪƳһۣߣ⽣Ӱǰ׳գʲô
ֻԶһ㼲Ųƣ˫̤ɫॵ֮ԶԶһԾ̨ϣдЦݣǵ⽣Ӱ
ôԼˣȪȶˡüЦԵ⽣Ӱȵգգۡ
ٺ٣һ¡⽣ӰŽɫӼĿתͫ¶ŨŨĿڴüͷ漴΢΢һأ
Ҳ֮һˡԿ㼵ؿڡ
ҪȺþá⽣Ӱһ̾漴ӻȡһĺɫԲ˹ȥԿ˳ֽס˵ࣺѽ
ˡ⽣ӰƲƲ죬Ǳ߳˵⡣
ѵõǵĺȪӵЦ۶Ƴ
⽣ӰỢԿɺǱ߳һֿʵʵҲȥ˵ȴҵľ־
ޣԿȣգ
⽣Ӱͷҵ־Ҳûκá
ԿЦվ־ģҲӵо־־ûã򵥵ķսֱӻɱ
⽣Ӱҡͷˡ
ԿѰ죬ԣΪӦôﵽάȾȡ־Ϊá
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߽һ
ܣ⽣ӰĿɿڴɺôΪﵽάȾǿߣǺͻһ
һԿҡͷάȾһϵάȿռȻһδﵽǸ㣬ͬиߵ֮֡
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⽣Ӱһɫҽ
ɱ¡ԿάȾ˵ʵӦò̫ǿֻάȿռŻɵ
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⽣ӰһЦҾ;Ϣ


ɺ߸ߴ
ַһ뿪άͨǰάͨ˳ŽʮԪʮҲһͬϣʮԪ־ʮҲǽѸ٣ʵͲȫܴﵽ۷ײΡ
ңάͨʵ
ַоάʮġа
Խһάӵдһľ
άͨάͨԶάͨһάͨҲػ󣬱롣
λǣػڴ̫Դǿߣǹ񣬼ף֮޼ͽܡ
Ƿġһڵ
ǹ¶ЦݣȻɻ͹ǣѸٿͨΧɫâɢ¶һݰͨ
ַ߸ϡ
ǹַܲµһʮﶼֻǴߣԼסԪûǲŹ֡
ǹȻܺãʵһҲûʡ
ܿ죬ַߴ뵽άͨС
~~άַͨǺϤʮİ۾ﵽתİǿĵ𺧡
ÿһάͨߣˡ
ʦǰԶҾͲ̫ͣǿӦÿ쵽ˡǹ΢Цס
õģлַ߻
ģȻֹ̫ߡ
̫׺̫ԴȻҲǲǿ֧ԮȻӦöֻףһ⡣
֪̫Ǳ߻˭ǹͺˡһ²оս
⣿ַʮһǰ켲ۡ
һַ岢㲻ʶ
ʶַЦЦҶĸԴǿߣ֮඼̫졣
ðɡһʼ磬ǻΨһͽܣںɺ󣬲ֹ̫ԴһţǺɺһţһǴߣսѴ֮Ρ
ôַסˡ⡯֡
ûһƳַ壬ֹһ
ԭҲΪѾǿʶַ֪֮ʲô죬ˡ
ԣһˣ
Һ񿴵̫ԴǱߵǿˡַһ
Ҳˡһӿٶȡ



3157 ̫Դ
δˣѼ
ӷ洦ַѵ֪޼֮ߣҶԹ̫оشƣʮСƣԼһڴ
ĴԼϻڴ󣬵ҲǵС
һǬ֣һ̫ͼ̲ۻγһԲεľ޴֣ȫУһ᲻ɴݵıݣȥ·ȫ
άֱͨ300ף׸ǡ
Էۣȷľǿֱַ۵ĸܣǣ󷨣ķ˷׺ԴＰ䱾ɷɡ
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ַ塢һʮĿ̫֮¶һַͨ漴룬ͨڷգΧоʱһգάͨѹէȻ
һһ硣
ӭλСѡдַǰ̫ͼһΣǼ粦ټǰ⾰ǰʮԸĿ
УעĿĳߣ̫ɫƮ͵ܹмȷ棬˷˷ǣ˷̬
޼
Իһòоŷߣ˫ֻأ΢ͷ­ͫ͸ѱһɫۣɫһߣɱ¾ϢŨҡ
һߣһŽɫƱ߷³ۣͷϳɫǣɫӣʵۼףϹЦЦı飬Ͼشżߡ
һַ塢ʮַ̫
޼ţ֮ͬܳƺģַԲֱ޼̫ԴΨһ֮ͬš̫ڡĿʦ
ˡ޼΢΢Цзʱâֱַߡ
һַʮֽӹһģһĺڰ׹ʵ̫ͼ̲ۻء
̫Դһ޶̫Դɵ̫ԴΪϡУд棬ߣʳǿ־
Ե޼һۿΪַ֪ʮΪߣһΪ֮
лַ̫߸׸л
̫ԴֻǧԪδܽһţɿȴܺԴ緮ԣ޼Ϊ̫Դ֮¡
ߡ޼ԣģоŷƵĺһ۵޼ҲҪ˭̫ǱЩϺз¡
ԲӣһСѿ̫ϯߣսӽףۺɺ߱ǿҲֻйɫǣۼ׵ĳ΢΢Ц
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òǡ
ɫٿһɨַ̫壡
һڽԻȻ
ַ֮ڳ֪ļûУҪɨĳţȷǶʢַ̫ճ𾪺ɺ
սǹһ֮
û̫δϣַ壡һ¶ɫ̫ԴǿߴʱѻȻѹ̫ԴһԪ
ԭͨԪ𣬶ǸɨС
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·ǵ⽣Ӱֱûɱַ壬ʮԪǰַǵάֵͨǸˣ֮ܵҲûֹ
֮ʮνÿһζδǸļһ·յƵģɵض޴ʹ
⽣ӰУһֱôԸַ塣
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3175 ɼ
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Ŀǰάͨ380άأȻһκȪᾫ񾡳СģĪҪ
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άͨԽߣԼԽ
ڤɱдԪ˧ߣɺԴôЩǿߣһ֮100άأһ10άء
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3176 ʲô
ܿ죬ڤɱڶ
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3177 ̫ĵ
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3178 ַԵ⽣Ӱ
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3180 û·
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άսѩĶαΣϵĺάͳࡣ

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ܲб״̬ɱײб壬ֲƣδƼɱһʱַûκΰ취
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ַҲ޷ٶȷıѹɽ绯ղģַɱû취һʱЩ̣ѷָ¡
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һΪַʵ𺧲ѡ
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֮һ˵ǧѪŮʣǻҲɱûǧѪŮսҪ·磬ַ徹ܺƽɫ
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˫ٻغϣȻǷˮɱɱʩչͬκβַ壬ɼַƾʵ
̫һʲôĹﰡ
ãɱڵɱˡ
Ҫˣɱܿ°˲䱬ǧѪŮ֮ǰǱɱˣһӡ
ַѾʧһ׺Դβ֪Ҫôֵ
̫ԴǿߵĿ⣬ȷʵܶڵһάͨڤɱ彻սԪֵľһÿɱھɱ⣬Ǳ֮ʱ
~~~
޾ɱۣȼգɱڤڣɱһ۳壬Ѫذ綾߰˻ҧ׵عַ塣
һɱڻӴ˲䱬
̫ǿ߽ŵעУһֱƣûɽ绯ַ壬Σ£ȴ·˲Ȼһ壬޲ɲһ̨ס
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ľаأ˿ڻͨ־ڣַĽɫ־ɽά˲±
طԲ
̫˵
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һɲǣң



3192 
ͬȼսܱƳǿǱ
ɱά֮󣬼ϽʮԪάȿռַˮɣʵǾ綼ﵽһµĵ㡣
Ԫ𼶱ܴﵽĶ㡣
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㹻ǿ־ͺάַ岻ʧء
طкܳһʱ䣬ʱַ۸޲ζ޴ڵάͨһڼ䣬޼׻׻̵ԼάȿռʮԪˡ
Բˮɡ
һ׺ǿطʱǿ10ʣԲʱǿ100
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ϸޱ䣬ɱħĿǳؼʹʱǷŭɱͷŭӣάͨý㣬־ɢ
һάͨάѴﵽޡ
ѭ򽥽һ㵹ҲûʲôƼڤɱǿİ⣬˲䱬εȿֲǿϢþȫάάͨάͨҲһܳסƼı

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ȥǿϢüڡ
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ȥûУǿϢ˲䣬άȼذı䣬µ¶ȷ·ܽɱڱһ˫ӽúţн
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üĴWǿϢĻƺѾȼա
~
Χ˲䣬άͨɲǼ䶳ջŭɱڣ΢΢һȻסɴͫС
ԭĽɫâ˲ҪάͨƺҡΣ־ȶ
Բ𡣡ɱڲҿǿϢ۾
ߡ
ǿϢûжĻʱһڤɱǿ߳ˣۻǧѪŮʣδ׷ϡ
ǿ
ƿһеİȨ
սԪ̫Դ֪ǿϢʵжֲǹ˼ɻƣάͨ飬һ͵ǹƥռάͨˡ
ǿϢʱû˭֡
УǧѪŮʸУɺֻ̫ʼԴλпһϸ¡
һΣһս㡣ַƬž𣬸
ʱڤɱǿѽнԶǿϢ°ıӰһĽʿӡÿһ̫ԴǿߵУͬۻʡ
㡣άͨǰþɢ֮ȥ



3193 ɺȻ
ڤɱ壬Ŀ죬ȥҲ졣
άͨʣµı̫ԴһǿԼַ壬һ˫˫ɸĿַ壬桢ݡ塢ĽֽС
һսֻǵ;˵ܴһὫŽɣһЦ
һսĿã
Ŀַĳ֣ɱڤɱԪ˧նڤɱ֮;߼սɱھնһֻ첲ŭرˡƼ
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뿪άͨʱӱʱַˣʱʮԪչ黹Ǽ棬δΪǿ֮Եø߸ϣƽ׽ˡ
ȻŲһЦǺǵıܹ治̫һ֮սǲ졣
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һζַʵȷʵѴﵽ֮ɡȻ̫ǿ߱Ҳѽַʵ
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ַңģǰ޴󣬸ʴƲ񷣬һܿĺЩɲ⡣
̲Ŵܡ
ţַĸк棬ƺͺɺһ壬˵ͬʱڣʽЩͬ
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ͬںҲûһߵǶûһߺɨȫ108
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һգһὫƽ⡣ַԲɺĺάȸȸԣԽǿַԽս

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մӵһάַͨ廹ЩȦάȿռˣջغЩֲ巽򣬲Ҫ־˲ʱɢܸӦ
ϢĸӦϾ־Ӧַھ־Ϊɺ͵޼άܴͨ
~~~
־ɢ͸Ƭ򣬲
һ㣬һ㡭
άͨδӦַȴٿظӦһޱӴڣȻѹھ־вϷŴַȻ˫ͫ
ȫռݾ־ĸӦʱַĸӦֻʣǰĴڣٸоȻӾҡ

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3194 һС·

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Լһ˿άҪӴࡣ
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δܵ˺ڵһ˿άĴ޶⣬ͺάȿռάһӴ
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ʱԼǱǿάǿиı䡣
Զʮʵ¾ܲסάάȿռάݿ࣬һ壬ֱӻὫĩ
Ҫɱ֮壬һҪάȿռά
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ԼڵĺάɲٿأʮɱɽԪвֻǴӺ֮ɱΪɽ壬ǿһԡ
ȻǰǰԭļƻͻƴߣԼĺάٽһɡ
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˵ģԭΪûϣʮʱĳȣѡǿǺɽ尡֮ε
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û⡣ʮһؿڣ²ˣȥģصάͨô
ڤɱһʲôʱģַʵ
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ͻˡ


3195 λ
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ȻַȻһЦ漴磬ڶ̫־֮ǰַ廹һ±ҪɣǾǻʣԪǿߣ
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ʱ񣬴δκһɹһ׳٣޵ںɺĵۻʹ»͡
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Ҫһǿ߼µһ׵¡

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ռ䣬ַӴɷͷľŽ׺ɷ㡯޼ľŽ׺ɷ̫ΪͬһΡ
е鷳Ⱥ֮һǿߣַóӦ֮һǿߣֱӴݿظɾǣ֮һǿóúɷƽ൱Ѷȡ
棬о
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־ַδʹúάݻ٣Ͼδǿѹ֮ٽһֱúάӲվǣþ־ƽȽϺá
~~
ľ־ɢַ˲ʼԭΪģһһĻþСƣںϾŽ׺ɷ򣬲Σ
֮ǰַЩ鷳
ڣɽ绯Ҫ־ػַ͸һһ㽫ƻʼԭ¶ɫƴعܴȫ赲סַĽŲ
һս죬Ҳ
ΪַҲֱķֻһƣΧƻڲһԵı취ս
Ϊôһ취ַҲͣ㣬ݿ࣬ûκͣ٣ܰ㣬ȫܵյ㣬ʼԭ
~~~
ַӷռ߲



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ԭֻһλʱֶһַŵʮλ񽫡ʼԭķɫƽû˿ٻ˷ܡ
Ȼǲһ㡣һַʵѾշʼԭսһΣַıڵٶȿɡ
е󣬶ģۡ
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⣬ַԼǽƫ棬֮һҪȺ֮һǿࡣ
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ɷĽǰصֱӸ򣬽зȫߣܽܶ٣پͿԺ컯
δţԡһ鷨أ֮Ž׺ɷȻкܴ
ܶҲ·ֱָ֮ۡ
ǡԡ
ңɡ
ܸӣֺʵڵľŽ׺ɷ򣬺޲ͬԴڣңͺÿһÿһ֡
ϸ΢磬棬һУֱ
ַĸѭͨ򣬲©κΣ޷ףӡ֮ø˳
ΪĻᣬ
ݹۺɷȫ֣Զȸһ֣ȴﵽŸҪ
ַ壬Ѹٵʵ
ԣľ磬ֻǴԵĸϸ֦ĩڣεΣܿ콫Ž׺ɷԡﵽŲΡ
ʱظֻһС֡
Ž׺ɷԡʺַ壬̫ʺϣֻһʼַ屾Բףɱά࣬϶ԡԡİԽԽҲԽԽࡣ
ڽɵɲǣиһԱ仯
Ž׺ɷԡСɡ
~ַһ㣬иӡУɢ֮ȥСɵľŽ׺ɷ򾳽ֻǴ㹻ʱϸϸеķﵽֻʱ⡣

ַһЦ
Ʒڱ⽱ģɱ׺Դǿˡ
ȴڶַ漴ݵķռѡͬѡһͬĲ˼ַѡҲ
Ϊڵ˵ô
ʼԭ֮ͬһ֮
⡭ַοЦȻǸ˫ղŵĽѾĹкݵȡһطһֻǡ˵ġ
ԼҪطʲôã
Ѿطͬʱʩչ˵ãⱾ˵طЧطרﵽǿߣΪá
ȻԼǿȲڲ˵Լߡ
طʺϡ
ʣһַطҲ̫⡣
клЩֻǽѣûҲνʵҪңֻõŽ׺ɷԡĸҲ׬ˡ
ǿһжõİš
Ǵ۵Ľ
Ԫǿһ
δ˻ܹļ¼ַ崴죬Ǵ۵ĽҲַֻһʸȡ
~ַԥ֣һҲࡣ




3203 һط
Ǵкܶ౦ÿһ׺ԴΣһװ׹սףѴﵽ׺Դļ£ǿԴﶼ˶١
ѡܵõһ׺Դܵõһװ׹սס
սףЩªǡ
ַȻѡ౦ѡ޻ߣҲΨһпѡǷþͿˡ
ʼԭĽʮַ񣬾Ž׺ɷԡŸַ弱ġ
ݵĽͳɼˡ
ǴۺɷͨõⷽĽҲֻǰ˽׺ɷ֮·ʵһ㣬ĪڡǲԴطѧ
Ҳַϣġ
ھո롮ԴǴ۵սдУǸģĪеȭ磬Ķϸ˵ʵڴ˵
ӴԴطѧΪĪ档
Ǵ۵ǹδﵽԴҲǴ˵ļޣұк֮ܶܵõǴ۵ǹУƺʹµĵͬкܴ档
ԸΥ
~õһ˲䣬ַһ
Լõֱӵĸ򣬶һط伮
ƺʼԭķþǴ۵ķȲԴطѧҲǴ˵޵ǹС
˳ľַⱾط伮һʱЩ㵡
ǡϵеģ
ԼѾõϵеطˣһǡľһǡǰطԲ֮ǰõʱãȴǱڵЧ
طУڡֲֻᣬط⣬κμء
أǿ
ʲô
һǿôһ
ͺʲôϵĴάĹǷĳϵ
ַܺ棬˳ľ͡ľֻһ֣ٲȻϵͬ࣬òҲطɣ
ˣã
Լһطֲص
˳ľַοЦ
У֪ţȻԼ²һȷʵطɣƺĪϵ
ţ
һҳһҳţַϵĿЦ£תء
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˳ľط͡ľȫͬϵ
طȼ־߽һ״̬Ӷǿ棬ĳ̶ֳ˵ǺڤɱġڤЩ
˳طǿĲ
ƽ˳־־Ȼɣһֿ״̬طպ෴Ҳ棬Ǿ緽棬ΪԴ˳ĶΪ硣
ط˳طؼ־
Խߣ־ԽǿЧԽѡ
ս棬ͬԲЧ޼ֻ޷ͬʱʩչַԡ˳ľ൱⣬ȫѷɫľط
ߵĲص㲻ͬһǿ棬һǿ档
ͬʱʩչϾһҪȼ־һҪƽ˳־ȫˣԼҲ־ǿʩչЧҲۿۡ
˳ľһʤľ
ƽʱʱҲʩչ˳طΣǸɷǴǿĵУ°빦
ԣĿǰս棬Ч޼Խ󾳽緽ĿԽҪս󡣡
Ǵ۵ǹУﵽ˴˵ļ¡
ʩչ˳طֻҪ־㹻ǿ󣬺ܿͻƴ˵ﵽԴĲΡ
һĴԽֻͨ
˳طսл;羲ģս״̬ƳþȵȣȻһЩַ˵󲢲̫󣬵ϸϸ˳طҪطһȡ
Ȿ˳ľǴ۶սʱʩչĵУźܿ͡طַȫܹõ˳طﵽԲжǿ
ԼĿǰҪġ
һ֮ϲһ;󣬻һ൱⡣
ܲ
ǾŽ׺ɷԡĸ򣬻ǡ˳ľһʱ˪ɳЩڶʱʵ
ڤɱ˳Ĺһһ㣬Σķάͨ᧿Σַûʱ˷ѡ
Ǻַ嶨µļƻڴ̽Уķ̫ʱ䣬ʵǺ󣬱뿪磬ִһ
־
ɾʹߡ



3204 ֮װ
ʲ񷣬ʮһ㡣
ءδ֪ǿ
˵δκһߵǶ֮
һάʷȺɺõĴڣ޷Ƕںַ֪֮١
𡯣йֱڶ޷ĺ֪ǺεȵĴڡ
֪»ǰѵһ㡣
֮ĸͣڵʮ˲㣬ΨлϵʮŲ㣬ַҲµóʵ
ʮ˲ĺҪ֮ս
ʮŲĺҪǿ֮żս
ûĻҪϵڶʮĺҪǿ֮ս
ʮ֮˾ţǵڶʮɡַԼܸоܵǶڶʮһ㣬ӦûᷢЩʲôʲô󶯾
ֱڣûκα仯
ʼɡַȴɼΪó֮һ輫İҪ࣬ȴɼԴѶȴһ˽⡣
ʮ߲㡣
һͷľޣǿ츳ӲﵽʵƺǺɺļޡ
ַطʩչһɾؽս
̫
ս൱ڽ̻ʵĲΣһ
ʮ˲㡣
һߣʵСǴһﵽ֮жѰΪ֮ߵǺ֮һ
ǿ
ַĺά壬ǿ
ȻûʩչطƾάǿַѸٻɱߣǿʵ֤֮һַȷʵﵽ֮Ρ
Ҫǿöࡣ
ʮŲ㡣
սǿ֮żʵһλߣһ޵ĺɽ壬ɫ磬־޾Ϊ飬м
սͺһ
֣
ֻϧɼ֮һǿ˵дơɽǿҲмޣԪ壬οַ岢ͨĺԪ壬ǡ
ά塣
һսַʩչطѹʵߣ̤ڶʮؿ


ַͣɨԪĿ֮Уֱһļ¼ˡ
ϵ20ؿ
ζʲô
ַΪ֮УͻĴڣĴ֮δɵĵ׳٣ַԪ̤֮룬սŵڶʮؿߡ
һɹԽ
̫ˡ
ܰɡ
ַҪܵϵڶʮ㣬ǳ˺ɺһˣ
У㲻ϵڶʮ㣬ַѾͻһͻƴߣǰ϶õôڵַѾǺɺһˡ
ѣһˡ
ɺҪˡ
ǲ̾
η
Ŀô񼣣ַ޵̬ɨһһ̤Ϻָۣ֮оĽ羴ηζͷ
ʱַ壬Ҳһս
20ߣǿ֮ɺΨй»һ̤һ㣬֮һﵽޣͬʱӵв벻ɻ꣬һ
һȫûߣʵ˿Ǵ۲ʤһȡ
ΪǴ߼ޣ֮һ֮һĲಢ󣬵ɼߵʵƫ棬רע֮һǴǿȻ
ͬģɼսַҲǴսʱǿ֮һƷŴַĺά֮ͬһޣԽޡ
䣡һսάѹƽ߶ƣջɱ

Ժõַ˫һ
̫Ϥ
õװʱˡ
Ȼɼ20㣬һ̲űսװװһޣֻǲǿ
֮װ
~ַ峤һ
ⳡսԱȵ19ѵöࡣ
~~
ǰâ䣬ַȻ֮δ֪񷶥ļµ21㣬̤20֮ϣȵ19ҪӽĴܡ
21㡭ַźаѸٻָĵֱӴ֮װװ
Ľһ㶼ܲǻܵ20߲ŵõģ֮ûС
ѷɫǴ۵İ׹սס
Ҳﵽ׺ԴĲΣһԶ޸ġ
չ壬ս׺ܺԼĺάṩǿķһҪϾսװļӳɣ൱á
ˡ
ս21ߡ
ַ֪񷶥֮ϣʲô
ʲôܡ



3205 ս
ڶʮ㡭
ˣķˡ
жټԪδ̤ڶʮˣ
ַҪ˵Ľడò̬һٵǶɣ
ʲôЦߵǶڶʮһôǲ¡ϵڶʮҲ˼֮ûһɹ
ɺǿ׷ס
ַ崳ڶʮһʱɺը˹ͬ
ַԵڶʮܲʲôԺɺǿ߶ԣڶʮһˣԻú߲ε֮װζߵҫս
ǿ֮
ҪܵڶʮߣսȻҪﵽǿ֮ԳƵϺɺǿߣ֮֮ס
ַˡ
ʱ£ڶʮһ߼Ҷս
Ԫ壡
һַϵģӵдԪߣַ塮졯ĺԪ岻ֹ߲ͬӵĺԪ壬ﵽޣȫ͡
ܴ࣬
ַĺάȻǿͺһӤԪ̬Զǿ֮µȺɽǿöࡣ
ַ崦ȫ·磬Ȼһ˿άأԪȴȫλѹƣߵʣԶʤʩչط
ַԤƵģһûлʤϣս
֪ʵ
ַһαˣάҲסȫѹƣɼ֮һΪᱻȷŴĨȥѪַЦ˳ս
~~~
âַ뿪ɼ
սʧܡ
ټսȥҲ壬ڵߵĶ֡
ܿ죬һսǺûʵƣʵǿַаӮֻҪ
ͻƴߡ
ʱԽһ̨ס
ܣܿͻַ֪뿪ɼǰһߵĺ輫йɼľ飬ԵϺ輫ַдиˡ
ʮ߲㡣
ʮ˲㡣
ַһ
輫ĹؼǺɷĸ;緽档
ɷַǿɽ绯ܷӳ˽׺ɷԲھŽ׺ɷǡ̫ǡԡַĶࡣ
Ž׺ɷԡţûطѧܷӳ
緽棬ַȺɷó
߱ڤνһһ߱ڤܣնڤ豣ֱ̫˵ǻǴ۵ĵĵδҲδƵһѴԴ
ӽǼޣ
ַհڵʮŲ߽£δܸһ
輫ʮ˲ļ¼Ҳ֮൱ס
ȻɼȡõĽսвࡣ
ֻһ㡣ַֻϧܣԴʮ˲Ѿ⣬ϻһط˳ľһԲͻʮŲ׾١
ܴڶʮ㡣
ʱ򣬸̤һˡַ뿪硣
һ죬ԼѾȴá


ɼ20㣡
輫18㣡
ַĽսһĿ࣬Ԫ֮˺ɨȫ輫18ҲѾ֮ʵ֮ͬһΡ
ɼ20㣬
ۺɺ˭ܱȵϣ
Ժ󣬺ɺһԴֻٲ̫ˡ
ǰǧѪŮʼ¶ַ֣ο̫зڡ
̫ˣȻǿһݽ߷벻벻
ʲôʱԴҲܳһַ尡
Դ˵ܿԴѾ֪ɺԴ棬Ѿһǿߡ
̫ʼԴ棬άͨڸ߶˵ѶϢܣ֪
ɺȵľʵ
ֱӵʵ֮ء
ַǿ֮ѳɺĵһûκλɣ̫ԴǿߣҲ޷
Ϊȷʵֻͣڵ19㡣
ַһ㡣
һ֮Ѿܶࡣ
ʵϣڵַ޷ӮսҲȫѹƣλϷ硣ɺһҲ̫ס
ȻҪȥһǿߡ
һһԴ棬ɺּҵĳȻڡ
»͡
Ȼ֮վںǰֳֵۻ֮â¶͸ǿɱ־ȫںϣŽ׺ɷ򡮻𡯻Ӱ棬ɡ
20㣿»˫Ȼϴŵģһ֮װ
޾ԪǰѵϺ20㣬ҡ
ɼ輫Դﵽ20㡣
ʱ򣬸øһˡ»;ٲ輫һ㡣
21㣡



3206 ֮
̫Դ棬̫
ػǳ·޾ƣʮͬ޴򹬵Ľ֮ϣʮάػ
ʱʮάɫȻ
̫ӭһλ֮͡
ַ塣
ȻһС
ʮﲢδͬУΪҪַڵʵԽ̫κһǷҲסĽŲο̫
㣬㲻ܽάЩ
άڵһ򹬵ǰо쬵ģʮ򹬵˿ãϷػһ㶯ûС
ǰⲻ۵˭άô᲻ʶ
̫ͷŴУַ壡
ڸոգɨԪ񣬴بżԪ¼Ĺ輫18㣬ɼ20㣬Ĵڡݹ١򹬵
ܻŰ
˺ɤ׳׳ʲô
Ѳַ巢𹥻
ʮάƿĹˡ
ɣƶҪ
۵ĶսַʵһϣףַֻһԪ𡭡
Ԫֲ̫ˡ
ҽˡַЦŴά߹߲壬ɴ۾ַԲʯһҲҶ
άϺ͵λ򹬵ַ룬άɫ԰ףҲҿһۣһС˵ŭַ塣
е
ˡڶ򹬵ػǷҵά
ַй棬밢άά类ȥԸַģȻʱˣѱ飬ػȥԸַ塣
ػҰܡ
²ס
ַӰǰҵάվ򹬵ǰɫľȻȴ֮κͰ̾
֪һᵽҲµ̫Ľֻʲô
ػԸַ壬̻֮Ҳɱַ壬ʵѾˡ
̫ӲдڣѾǼޡ
ৣ
ֱַӴҵάߺάķӦûʲô𣬲ҲȥʶʱΪܣǶ̫ң֮Ҫ
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Щά£־壬϶
ЩάҲԸַġ֮£Ʃ򹬵͵򹬵λά˫ۣǿʵַֹ롣
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ȫɱ
ַ壬ʮ򹬵
ɱĸάַ岢δ飬ǵѡǵϣˣȫǣǵзѣЩҳֵάҲûҪϾɱ
˼Ѿٳ־Щˡ
ַ廹ԴС
ػȻ졢ɫʣڲۣ֮ƵֳӴ߸ϡ
̻ƣ
̫ڣҲӽ̫ĵĵ
ַ̫ԲΪϾɱ׼ֱӽ̫ģɼȶƻ
ᣡ
ƣôַػ΢΢Ц־ɢȥһѸӦػУػС
ڽɱػ񣬲
̻ϣҲûн̻ʵϢӦάͨδ
Ҳûá
ĲַẰЦˣ
ٲٿַͣ£΢΢һĿػ־ķɢ޷͸ػһ󷨽ơ
ƺʲôܣ
ৣֱַӽػ
ַ壡
ػɫ󺧣ĺˣǰˣͻȻǰ֮־Ĺַ壬ַ֪ʵ֮ǿԶԶ̻ʲΡ
ַȫûıȡ
ţַ岢δػ񣬶Ƕػĺ󷽣һ޴ǣϢ쳣ŨϷĽƿɼ俴вʲôĲȴҡ
ӡ
ʲôӡ
ַػ񣬺ɫ԰ףһԲ
־޷͸ķӡַܺ棬޴ǷӡУƺһЩʲôоƿһ
Żţһʲô˵¡ַսѩ磬άʱֱȡǷӡҲ
ߣƺҲкǿͺرһͷͻƵġ
䣡
ַһƿǼвǿңδͷӡʲô־Ӧ
ԼһĨ־
ĵ𣡣ַ־ϲ
ɢüͷ΢أɫף̤ĵ
ַ壿ĵҲǾȻ



3207 輫21
޹أ޹ءۼַĿ䵽ϣػ֣ͷҡø˹Ƶġ
ЦҪͷϣһζ
ַֻƳػһۣĵ쿪ڵά̻ͨģֵĻнɱػƵʵǶ֡
סַͷ
ǷӰ쵽ˣĵеʵ
һɡַЦЦҲôںάȿռʮԪԼҲøջС
Ǿͺáַ尲ȻվǰĵͷʯҲ
֮ǰĵĵԼǾ־Ӧַάȿռֻ¾һʧС
ڿƺоա
ˣ֪ұ˴ĵʵ
ҲײϵġַһЦĿƳһԽάػ񣺡պ̫е¡
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ĵǵ˫ַͫ壬ס
Ȼַû˵Ҳ֪ˣַҪ̫Դ־֮£άͨѾʲôܣΪ˽̻ʲϧһд۵ؾѻַ壬Ϊֹ
һַ־ζ̫Դ澡ƿ֮С
̫졣
涼δֹ񡢵ܹһϯһھͷδ̬ĵԲ£οַ屾սѣѡ
ĵʵһ̫Դ棬ˡ
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ȷַ̫Դ̫ǿ߻кܴӰ죬̫߽սӰ죬ʵûô
Ȼ̫⡣
Ǿףɡĵ΢΢ס
ģһжκα仯ַ岢δ㽫̫ԼҪӣϵһ֮ԭôȻô
һ棬ַû˿Ұġ
Ǳˡĵ΢Цû£ұһάͨ
ãʱַĵ𣬺ߺܿȥδػȻػûʲôϵ̻ʣҲֻʱûɱ
СԹģַ̫
߰ɡַػάһ뿪ܿд䶯ҸһϢʱ䣬ʱδ뿪ݹ顣
ƽȴӹɵİԵ
ػԣûκ˼ŴѸ뿪ػʱӰ١֮ǰʵжǿػһ
ɱѴ֮
ػȻַ֪ҪʲôȻκвʼǸ鷳ЩάַҲͣ
ɱǣѾǸ⿪
ৣৣৣ
̫ܿտҲ
ֻʣʮ򹬵ػƺйâϷĽ̻֮ϣ۳һʵˮ
ˮϷ̻һ䣬š
~~
ַ̫Իͣҫ͵λĽ̻ƣһƬǿգܲԭʼĻƺԱźɺģ
޾ۣγһܶȼ֮ţâ䡣
־ַ޴֮УоһӴ̬־ɢǸ̫Դ档
ǵkˣ
̤
ַո˵ֱӽ޴С

磬¡
ʱַ߽֮ǰǿΰɼ20ĽսΪһܴ˵Ϊ˽ֵ
ڴʱ
~~~
ɹâԺգϸϸȥԴԺ輫ĶˣƺһƱˣٳɡ
һâγߣ¡
һµ崺磬оĵˬ
Ӵɢ𶯣ƺһΪ֮¡
ô£
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񼣣񼣽ˣ
عһ߷׷׾̾
ܿ죬߷׷׸ãã޾һͷź輫񼣣âƣ֮ɢ
Ǻ߲㣡
ûǺ輫ĵ21ˣ
ô£Īǡܣôܻͨ輫21㣡
Ƕˣ
ߵǶˣ
ɺʷһλǶ輫21ǿߣ
˭
˭
޴䶯
ͻȻ仯߶ʱը˹δ񼣣ǰʥӴǺɷµҫ
ʲôѲ¡
ɺΪֹߵǶ
輫21㡣



3208 ˭Ҳ
̫Դ棬кġ
ַԲ֪緢˾޴ʣߵǶ21㣬ڵȫרע֮ϣûжľȥ
ᣡ
ַ壬׼һ
ֻǴͻƣһգַܳɾʹߣǺɺǿĴߣҲ൱ףҪﵽߵļ£̫־Ǳġ
֮ǰӳڶһ
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3211 һУõİ
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3213 ̫Խˣ
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ϷҵǿԴ˪ɳͨҵɺֻ̫贩˪ɳ뿪
мѴңĿǰɺһѣδ֪ԷΪ׵ǿ߶άͨǿУһսһܱɺݡ
Ҳܵҵһȫֽ׶ΪȺɺȫһ㡣
ҿǣڽ100ԪУһῪͨܳ룬ǷԸⶨµ̫Դ棬Լ
лл
ַէȻ䣬ȴǾþ޷ƽϢ
ޱ𺧣



3214 
ǿŤĹϲ
ַȻϣ̫䣬Щչ黹ҪԼÿ߶ԼжϺ뷨νǿ
ַԣ̫ߵһҲʣʵҲκӰ졣
ַα̫Դ汾ǿϵдߣֻҪ㹻ʱ͵ܿᵮǿߣµ棬Ҳ֡
ڣ罫̫Դ洩Խصɺʱ
ʱҪǿҾмķչԺɱܡ
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ڵǺ輫19аգ20˵ˣ21ȫܡ
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ǾҰ21ʣµһ룬Ҳɡַ̤ɼ



3215 21㽱
ˡ̤ɼ21ս̫ɱԪܼսַ壬͵ͬն
21ߣǲ仯ġ
ǸӵдԪߣһŹӰʵ飬һս˵ַȫѹƣַĺάǿֻǵһ׶ΣѴɵĺԪȣҪһ㡣
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һΣַѲߡ
άڶ׶ΣǿȱԪļ£еάȻܱǿ״̬ͳѹơ
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21ߣͨɼߵ21ͨѿ֮ȸԾйַϲĺ߲㣬ڴ
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Σյģ͵άͨ
άַͨ뿪άԽԽԵ⽣ӰΪ׵ĹԽԽǿ᧿Σڤɱռơ
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һάͨǿϢͳ죬һߡɱڡЭΪ̫Դ汾ǿƼĴڣάͨȶġ
ڶάͨȪྡڤɱͬռݴƣһ̫ԴǿߣѹԪά൱١
͵άͨһ᧿Σģǵάͨ
⽣Ӱʵȿྡ̫ԴʵҪ̫Դ棬Դַ뿪̫ƣԷΪ׵ǿ϶ˡ
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ʱάͨͬʱսɺһʼδأȴǹ˴ʧˡһռƵڤɱ壬ǵջʤ֮ʱ



3216 Ե
ɼ21㡣
~~âһӰ֣ɫƽַ壬ߣɼ㣬ַ岢δ̫ϲãΪһж֮С
Ϊߣάڶ׶Σַ֮һȻɺޡ
Ƕɼûκ
ţǶɲǣַоһɼΪǿϢĴڣĿת࣬һεıǹڰڱһƺһȻڣԼѪš

ַĿݣһǵӴϢƺҲߵϢںĶ㴥Щҩζƺ˭Ҳ˭
һǺ輫ĵǶߡ
һɼĵǶߡ
ˣԭǻͨôˣַȻһߣ»ͬҲһߡ
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21㡭ʲôҲû𣿡ַʱϸϸɼ21㣬â貣һſǳ̲ذŨ
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Ͼ21ߣ20ǼΪ㵽Ｋ£ҲֻǼޣ׼ȷ˵ַ廹ͬһΡ
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3217 ڤɱǿ
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һάͨ󷽣һѷɽͻأس֡



3218 
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3219 
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һʽϣȫӵ֮ϣڤͿƶԽһΡ
֮ʵľߣʩչƼܷӳǿ֮
䣡
⽣ӰѹƼһжȻռƣ汾ˣҲŸոĥϣ⽣ӰһĶãƼⷽ
ǵ⽣Ӱóġ
뽣Ȼͬ⾳ͬԴ֮εĵͬ⽣Ӱͬʱ赡

̫ǿˡ
ǵ⽣Ӱʵô
һϯ񣬽̻ʵ̫ǿһڤɱɱһҲע߶˫Ľ棬һܱ̫ʧܡ
˷棬̫ܵס⽣Ӱ
һս
·ʤ⽣Ӱֹ£ʵʤɱһжûЩͷۣԵ⽣Ӱ˵ȴǼ򵥲
һһĹƣƾƼǿЧ⽣ӰӲƿǣƣشͬʱάͨһͷ
ս
ɱάͨ᧿ΣԿռǿҲֻ֧һ󣬹ʶ⽣Ӱٶȴάͨ
ֻҪάͨɺɹ˿أ⽣Ӱܳطӳȫʵ
100%Ƽ
ৣάͨľͷ⽣ӰüĴŤĽɫWҫۣ˫ͫϲ֮ɫ
ͣģ
ǿϢĪжδˣ
⽣Ӱ󣬶ٶ׷ϣþֶΣȻס⽣Ӱ䡢һϯȸǰĬ̾޳Ī
ǵʵֲһΡ
˵⽣ӰҪȡ練ơ
һ⽣ӰͻưΧȦάͨʧأʱۺɺһǿɱȫ״̬µĵ⽣Ӱ
ͣ
ǿƿάͨ⽣Ӱܿһڷȫ赲Ӱһţʱʧάͨ
άͨڣ̫ɫһƬҰף˫ͫʧ
Ұܣ
̫֮ס⽣Ӱ
ʲôطմӵάͨ⽣Ӱ¶˷֮ɫȴһƬǳĺ֮ϣ޼ʣλ롣
ɺ⽣Ӱ»ٿͫ׷Ŵ
ԶһϤӰӺ֣ޱϤ
㣡⽣Ӱҧгݣŭɶ


3220 ɷͭ
ַ壡
˿˪ɳϣɫƽ
ַ壬⽣ӰϤɺ޵˭
ʣַ壡
һδε谭˷ʱ䣬ȡ־ȴأӲӦս⽣ӰȫһսʱַʧٵӰӶûС
֮ǰһսδܻɱַ壬⽣Ӱһֱ߷߲ƽ
³ɺޣȫӿͷ


̫ʹˣ
⽣ӰٿؿЦսֹ̲üĴŤWӡάͨʱҪ貵öࡣ
άͨ´һ
ҵһֱҲַ塣
Ե⽣Ӱ˵бʹô
ַʵ
⽣Ӱδɱַ岻ΪδʩչƼڵȸղŻҪǿ100%ȫµƼǿ֮
ɱһɺߣ練ơ
ϣЦĳַ⵶⽣Ӱӣ˪ɳΪǿԴʱδ̫ЧַҲҪķ̫
ʱס⽣Ӱɡ
ȹ»һϵַάͨٿرһϤϢĽ٣ʩչ˪ɳպô⽣Ӱ
粻ɡ
⽣ӰҪɱַ壬ַγ͵⽣Ӱһ¡
ڵѽȡ
˵ϻȥɡ⽣ӰҲúַϻôַôᣬƼȫڤӿԴεĵнͬʱʩչ
еҪ˷̫ʱַϡ
·ģɱǡ
Ȼ鲢δ絶⽣ӰԤеķչ
̫Դַ忪սѩǿӲ⽣ӰͬĵУȴȻͬǼ޵ĺ֮һʩչǳԽ֮һ޵
άڶ׶Σ
䣡
άڵһ˲ѹƵ⽣Ӱڤ˪ɳǸ赶⽣Ӱѹ
⽣Ӱؿڷƣʧɫȫ״ֹ̬δѹַ壬ֱӻˣԷŹֵ֮ǰǿһ̨ף
ҲƼ
ǵ⽣Ӱһͷ
ַʵͻȻƼ״̬
ǽˡܿ쵶⽣ӰоַǿϢ֮ǰȻͬεʢ⽣ӰɫأС
һΣյĶ֣
ַϣʩչ⽣Ӱ·Īһ㡣
ѹ
䣡䣡䣡
ַĹѹ
ԵףĪеĵ⾳ʮƣһУ̫ԴһбԴĪУطʩչַ
⽣ӰǿʵǿƼǿ
ַ涼ʤһΣѹƣ⽣Ӱ޼ƿʩ
ά
һζսʱַάһ׶Σ⽣Ӱпɱܣڶ׶εάֹʢҲӴࡣ
ģԿǵ⽣Ӱ
ô⽣ӰԼҲƵĺܣһδʩչƼʱƽɫһƼ״̬100%ơ
һ䣿
⽣Ӱҧأȫû뵽
ԭΪͻάͨһ˳ɣΪڤɱ幥ݺɺ춨ʵ뾹ַ޷类ںУôҲѲˡ
ֹǵ⽣Ӱ𣬴˿ڡ⡯ǿҲһȻ
桢
Բɵ⽣Ӱߣ۸ٴۣɶҪס׷⽣ӰͶδ˪ɳȴԿ
ͺƸһ磬վڳ⣬ؿһ۷Ľ
ַԵ⽣Ӱ
˪ɳַٿأǿ磬ַԲ÷Ͷ룬Ҳǹۿսǿ硣
ǼսΪʵǿΪַʮİա
µ⽣Ӱ
輫20㣬ɼ21㡣
̫ʼԴٳݹ»ͣٸ߰Ҳַʵ޷»Ҳһϸµʸ
ʵϣַ̫ʼ֪Ҫǿ
Ϊַʵ֮һľ磬Ǵﵽɼ21㣬ȫԽ
䣡ַԺɺǿóѹסڤɱǿ壬ֱѷͶ۾һһô
ַ壿
ǿ
ʮԪʲôַ֪Ѷ̫Դ棬ַ˿ֳ̱սһ
ȷĳԾ͸˵ˡ
ԭַ廹Щмȫַǿʵ
ͷ޻֮ĵ⽣Ӱַͷáʲôڤɱǿ⡮Ƽʲôһã⽣Ӱ˿Ѿɷͭ
ʲôﰡ
ڤɱ廹ǿ
ֻǴߣ
Ȼ
ַǿȫ֪Χ



3221 
ҷ׳ʵ֮ս
һάͨĹ»ɱڣάͨĪ֮Լάַͨ뵶⽣Ӱ
ʣԵİ½͡
̫ʼĮӦǾǧ֮⡣
л沢Į΢΢ף̫ʼ֮ĴԴ̫ʼ̫ʼǿԵ±Թܿɹ
ûп棬Ŀһֱ˪ɳеս
ֲεս
ַ̫ôٿؿڣղǰĮ
ţ̫ϣַ壬Լĺӣ¶飺ҲǺɺϣ
ûзݵǵ»͡
ַչֳʵ۷ԸϣҲ֪սҲֻܺ͵⽣Ӱս
ĺǿſ϶;η
͵⽣Ӱ֣άͨеĵ⽣ӰѹʵȴȻش
ս֪ڵַжǿ
⽣Ӱȫ·磡
ֹ˲ᣬȼյļӾ磬սʱϳ۷״̬ѹ⽣Ӱʵһ£Ƹ᧿Σ
ַʵȴûа½
ƣԣ
سʱſַδȫڿƾ棬һʳ⽣Ӱ⽣Ӱϣ
Ե⽣ӰʵƼ״̬Ҫ׾ٵ
ַնݳַ⣬⽣ӰѽɺһѺʵԽɺƸ췭ظ
ûôסЩġ
ԡӦ
֮Ŀע£⽣ӰҲѲƣƼ״̬µ˥ǿҲкľ֮ʱ޷ַʱ⽣Ӱѡұá
ÿһ߶սӮҲ䣬ùƴ򲻹ʵǿٱ𲻳١
⽣Ӱȷʵѽ߾ȫƼ״̬溮ʩչռˡ
֪ⳡսֵúá
ɺСһһսʱҪǿˡ
ƣ溮޷׼ȷٿأȼյ弫͵ҪͬʱƣĪкԿȲΣ⽣Ӱ
ҲҪ̫Ĳٿأ溮ĹĿ겢ַ壬Ƭ̲žɫ
۹Ĵһ
ǣ
˪ɳʱɱ飬֮⣬ַδƿشԲԵ⽣Ӱ˪ɳĹû̫취ֻһԴ
˪ɳǿԴ˿ַжҲֻӳ׺Դ
ַУһ׺Դ
Բ
ְͼ˪ɳţǿԴܰ׺ԴӲಮ٣ǿԴĲθߡ
Ǭ㡢롢ޡҡ
϶Ϊһ˸һ壬ַƿرȹȥҪǶԡ̫ĸ
˸绯˸طţɫĻȼգ֮ʢֵ⽣Ӱ
ȻУ⽣Ӱҧгݣʹ޵ľǺɺ߲ı֮ǰıͷַۣıͷۡ
һһ
ÿһС
жټ
䣡սףְֱͼַĹβǣƵĹ̹һʤһƵõ⽣Ӱġ
˳ط
ַ彻ʹط˳طȾϷ磬⽣ӰƼʵ࣬ҼӦսҪ
˳طʺϡ
ǿߵƾʱˣѡʺսֵ״̬ӦԲͬĵԼ˲ͬս״̬
ôǿˣ⽣ӰĸΪֱӣֹǿɫѹҲ溮ҪסӴĺҪķѸ
ߣ
⽣Ӱûеڶͷ
֪Σٲ߾߲ˣǰ͵־ĺɺߣѲ͵͵СһԺĳǿߡ
ǱʵǿĴڡ
ȼգ⽣ӰƼǿ״̬־ȫüĴŤĽɫWɢȹâ⽣Ӱһ⣬ս˲ﵽޡ
ȸղȫʢ״̬£ƺҪǿ
ʲô߹սķͶɫ䣬û뵽⽣Ӱôǿʵһʱͷɫء
ڤɱߣֲ̫ˡ
ʱ⽣ӰֵĽ类ȼһ㣬˲صһըֱĿɿڴ⽣ӰԼҲѪĿǾ֡
סˡ
ַ壬סȻϢ



3222 һ֮
ԽԽ
⽣Ӱ걾Ѿȼյ£ıƸ޵Уʵǿ֮ĩղɾãıΪս
Ƿ⽣Ӱ˳ѡ
ϧĶַ塣
־ﵽ龳ߵĸεƿս֣⽣Ӱһһַ֮ڣȼյĳ̶ȣĿǰ״̬ȵȡ
ƣ
ֻǴ
䣡
̫ʼԴĿֲչֳַѹ⽣ӰǿʵƼ״ַ̬ʩչֻκβõ⽣Ӱᱻˡ
ڵĵ⽣ӰȼվһɫıĤǴĹ塣
һ
أ⽣ӰϢɱѸ䣬¸ղȼսĩΣʱأϾڤɱ屾ǿ
Ӯˡ
⽣Ӱˡ
Ͷ̾𾪡
ҪӦǿܿ⽣ӰĿǰ״̬ղŵıȷʵܿ£ַݺײ󣬵⽣Ӱѿܡ
ַѹƣ⽣ӰƻɱֶΡڤɱ֮ǿû㣬걾ǿÿ¡
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䣡⽣ӰûӣҲûκξ£˰̵ȫڤɫâ֣üĴWӡǽɫâ֣ƺҪѿ
ȼ֧ŲסƼ⽣Ӱûкˣѡսס
֪һ۱ذɣҲ֪Լ٣Ϊһսʿѡٵ
սɳ
䣡սѩ£޾ά⽣Ӱѹ;ƿݵĵ⽣ӰսһüĴɫâɢȥ䣬Ϣʧ޹
⽣Ӱս
սʿַŵ⽣Ӱʬޱ飬ȻǵзѣڤɱľַȻʮ־ء
ߣ˵һ
ǿ߱ڤɱ˵ʧһҲʲô˵£ԪƼصڤɱǿ֮λһ⽣Ӱеڶ⽣Ӱ֡
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ĲǺɺ֮һֱռϷڤɱ壬Ϊսľߡ
ң⽣ӰǵһɺľߣǵάͨĴߡζŵάͨ޷ӹά֣ڤɱɺάͨʧһ
һսУڵԵĴͻƣ
˪ɳȥһлָƽ·ʲôû
ղһսλ֮С
ƯɫƮ¶΢ЦǼַɳǵ⽣Ӱ䣬ġ
ʡ羴Ŀַ壬̲ס޵
ַЦЦ
ϵãǵһμͻȻðַ֮岻òҲ֪Ժδ
Σǰַδʱ䣬ײ⽣Ӱں֤άͨĿǰǺܽš
ΣڵϦ̲ݻ̶̰֣ĿǰάͨĿǰ̵ַܡ
ܱ˴ڲͬά֮ͨ䣬ϵ
£ɺһ޴ƽ١
ַɫȻ
ԤлҪء
ڤɱģάͨͬʱԤıɺκδϢԮᡣ
ҺͻΧֻǵ⽣Ӱַס
ͻΧǿ֮һǾˡ
ַԼʵģûնԸƼ״̬µǿ֮͹»֣Ƕ֡
ｻҡַ嵱ϣԷͶάͨƻһٸȥάͨԮ
áͶһɢ뿪
Ƕ֮۽һάͨһ޷ǹڤɱ壬άذǱߣڤɱͷۡ
ַ壬һվһսάľ޴ҪάȿռջָһȻ⽣Ӱ䣬άͨɢ뻹һʱ䡣
Ȼʱܲܿᱻάȥսݱһڤɱãͬһ鷳¡
֮˵Ҫȥάͨ
ַ壬ȴԡ
֮ǰչάͨ˵ºάڶ׶ΣʵøǿҪȥάͨкüַ
~~
ַάͨ
Ӱ˲Ϣս֮ԾһϯΪ׵̫ǿߣڤɱԪ˧ɱѪĿ
ַͻȻ̫һǿ߽Ȼ
ǽ̻ʣɫһƬҰס



3223 
ַ̻֪尲ȻΪڲǰ־ϵȫϿ־Ҳ֮ʧʵ½һΡ
ֹ뽣ɱػҲһ̫ػ̫̫־ʧֻһֿܣǾǱᡣ
µ£չ黹Ƿ
֮󣬽̻һо͵ַΪĵм䷢ʲôԶȻĵʲôҲû˵˴͸
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ĸ߰ߣַ֪һǰ
䣡ַĹӽ̻ԾֱӻɱһڤɱԪ˧һսۻڤɱɡ
ʲôڤ棬ַǰȫǸƣľѹԽһС
ַĳ绢ȺѸٽڤɱǿһһɱһϯȫǾһϴˣǿŵסڤɱ಻ϵĹƣȴ᧿Σ
ЩսȺνľӢַ׸򣬺޷֮
̫࣬
ֹڤɱַĲࡣ
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䣬ڤɱǿ߱ʧأбѸƽ⣻ټغϣڤɱǿ߰˰ˣʣµҲǾɫ
ǲֲڣη֮ȫ޷ơ
ȼգ棬бʩչǿսֱ;飬ڤɱǿֻϧھԵǰһ
ܿ죬άͨ㱻ɨһա
ʣһɫѿȴס̫ߣصʬڤɱǿеַ壬Ϣ쳣þ޷ƽ
Ӯˣ
άͨսˣ
̫ˡ
㡭ַôһɴ۾òַ塣
˵أַȻʧЦĿɨ̫ߣ뿪ǰ֧ԮάͨҲǰȥƹؾָΪȡ
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̫˲ʱַɫ飬Ҳ飬漴һһ뿪ά̻ͨ뽣ɱػЩԥַ岢ûκζҲһ뿪
һάͨտҲ
άַͨ嵥ִά֮ͨڣܾ־൱ԣȴǻɢ֮ǰһһ壬ַĺάǵڶ׶Σٶ൱ˣϾ־ʧȥˣ֮졣
Ͼάͨ⽣ӰķԪۻɣַٶٿ죬ҲҪһʱ䣬άͨʧģʱ
һָķɡַǹϣ˪ɳֱӼǳҫÿһŶ̲ۻ
ǿԴ
άʩչǼ˪ɳһͷޣάͨ
˪ɳȻάֱͨӴݻ٣ԺάΪԴԴݻκֻҪ㹻ǿ
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ֻҪƻ򹻴󣬾һѿάͨȻڣڤɱҲܴάȿռ롣
ˣȻˡ
Ϊάȿռ䣬мıΣա
ʱʱ̶̿ڷűá
ַǶһ޶ģڤɱάȿռ䶼ҪСһСʧάȿռɲǿЦģάԽһʧڤɱ߻ɱ
Щ־һеԪ˧άȿռһڣ
ңڵάͨûе⽣Ӱӹά֣мѿѲεάͨȻ֧飬졣
ţάͨѣַܿ췢һ˿Ծ
ȥάͨ־һĴڣάȿռ֮У
߸򲻵άȿռͱ仯ַԡ
άȿռ䣬ļһ
ǿĿռ衣ַӰ˲۳άͨ˵άȿռάѹһ˵ǰһάȿռάһƬƬƺĳסˡ
ɲǺɺĿռ䣬άȿռĿռ䣡
ȻֻһС֣Ѽȿ£ַԼԶԶάȿռάҲ
Ƭռ˭
ȿռ裬š
ڤɱôַ˫ţȻռ䱻͸־ǲռеٲȻڤɱ壬ҡ
Ƭúάͨ
䣡
ַ˵սֱӹ
ĸڤɱǿߣںȻַ뵶⽣Ӱһս󣬵ʲôط
άȿռ䣡




3224 ޱ鱨
֣άͨЩסάȿռһֱάάͨԿǵάѾͷۣάͨϾҲûַȻάͨġ״̬Щɻ󣬵ԿȻάͨ
ٿأԿɫ΢΢һ䣬ͷŤĽɫWһ⣬ΧĿռһߣһϮ
~~
Կٶȼ졣
ٶϵڶûһϵһάȿռ䶼磬ƿռѺķǱ
Կһ
֮ǰڤɱά磬ӦһϢĽӽ׷ʱԷѲֻǾһƳԿȻǵǵϢڵϢһޣ
ַʱӦԿĴڡ
Լϣռڤɱľߣ֮ǰײڤɱάʱй棬ֻδ֡
ʱԼǿ֮֮һξ롣
ڤɱǿ֮
ڡ
һԡ
ΪάȿռԼ
˳طʩչάȿռطû̫ãάѹ̫ǿסѾ
̫Դ
ַĵѱƽԴεĴɣɺάʩչάȿռȫ谭100%ͷţάеάǣάһ
ʲôԿѸһռƶÿĿ¶ɫ
ֹǿҲͨͨάȿռάʩչȴѣֱ˼
άȿռ䣬ֵסάѾеĹҪȵÿάһΣһҪ㹻ǿж֡
Ƽ״̬ȻѷӳЧ
֣ͨͨĹ100%ͷ
ŵƣ͸ˡ
ৣԿûôԥռƶ㣬ȻٶȲ죬Ϊȣֻգ۹ӵӰ١
ַ壺
ڤɱ֮һսӣ
һԼսӣһֵˣ
ַһʱЩȻ
˵ʵҲֻһڤɱǿ֮ʵûӮͷڵʵάȿռռݾԵҲӮˡ
ԶԶ
ԷдĻᣬֱӾˡ
ҲԿӣǿϢĪУֱӾ͸ˣԿĸԽûҪսûȤ
֮ǰﵶ⽣ӰάͨάȿռѾķѴڤַ֮Ĺֿάû׼ȷ鱨ѶϢǰԿðա
ߣ֮ǰڤɱάӦַϢ
ֱһΣյĶ֡
ɺǿߡԿάȿռ䣬˫ͫ˸ĿԵĵάͨʱ̳㽥ɢԿ֪ʲô
⽣Ӱɱˡ
ޱ鱨ˡ
ৣ
Կάͨ飬µ͹Ȼд棬һ⣬۷ڤɱά硣

ৣৣৣ
ַΧ˼飬ûԿ٣ֻò֮
һսҲһʱ
Ȼָάַ֪ĿǰȻй»Ͳսһάͨ͵άͨľߣǿ֮
ǿϢĪУ
һԺɺǿ߶Ǿơ
ַҲϲУάͨһ£ǿ֮άѴ1000ٱƼսƼǿ֮һս
~~
άѸ
ַĿǰκָٶȲν죬άͳµʵʵո°빦
뵶⽣ӰսǣƺͿƣַ屾δʲôˡ
ܿ죬ָ߰˰ˡ
ά̫ͨԿάزߣзǰ룬ؿԻһһս°Ҳ̫󡣡
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3225 ֣
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3226 Ƽ
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3227 һȣĪ
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3228 ս
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3229 Բ
죡

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3230 ޱ
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3231 㣡
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3232 עһ
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3234 άȿռ
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3235 ʤƼ
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ǿϢٴӳ顣ԿüĴâʧ˫ͫϲûڤɱ˴һջ


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ԿĪУҲǿĪһΣƼ֮Ҳ̫Կ
ٶǿʤ
άﲻޣⷽ治ԿҪ뿿ѹԿ
Щѡ
Ƽ״̬Կʵжǿַȫܹ㵽ַ֮һͬ͵ڤɱ壬ַҲռơ
Ҫʤں֮һͻͽ
ʸ͡
Կսʵܼ򵥡
ҪôһѹռϷ硣
Ҫôÿһֺ⣬ƴٳ֮ս˭ıǿ
ַΨһڣԿʵ˽⣬Կ˽⻹Ǻ൱ʱ׼
δزûлᡣ



3236 
ڤɱν棬ַӡıĪһս
ս
ɱ⽣ӰͿྡûַջ̫࣬ԿսҲֻײҶδȫĪһս浶ʵǹս
Īж࡮ָ
⣬ַ̫ǵģΪַǿĵ̫ԴǹĦĪеȭ࣬ں̫⾳ʵԴĻĪеȭ⾳
ԽԴĲΡ
ַνġ⡯ҲѴﵽԴ̫⾳뿪̫ԴҲǴԴѧں̫⾳ѴԴ컨塣
εַԾĸҲͻͽ
ҪﵽĪİ⣬·кԶ
룬ͻԴ
ںɺͻԴԽԴľѧζź֮һߵޡ
ѡ
Ҫ򣬸ҪʱĻۺս
ɺԽԴĲʵѸάȿռ䷴ûҲûֹɡ
˵ˣַȻûա
Ҿ㴴ԽԴľѧһӮԿôڤɱս൱ǿԿĽͬԴĲΡ
ԣҪ̫ѡ
Ψһ֪ǣܴһս
˰⣬һ漱ҪľǱˡַĪеսиоУڤɱ֮սãǿ֮ıн棬͹ˡ
ĪеıУǿԴﻹǿ
ԿҲһ
ҲϾڤɱսȺǵıǴ㿪ʼսǳɳһķѼľȻǿ
ڤɱ⣬
רһ
ַıǿԴﶼǡ
׺Դ
ҪڤɱԿֺ⣬̫࣬ƾͻܴ
ʵַ֮ǰѡؽʱѡǿԴַûѡһΪҪķѼϣһַҲд㡣
~~
άַгһɫ߿򣬱ĵ伮
һηⱾ伮ԷսĽַԭʵΪǼߣ֮áľ͡˳ľַŽ
ⱾطǼߡ
ıʺãȷǿ
֮ǰַۿʱ֮ԲΪȻΪҪķѼĴۡ
һ׺ԴҪƷǿԴҪķѴʮǿԴͬսܺķҪһ㣬ҲҪļ
̫ӣ
ַ忴ôǿԴȥֱãͽߵʱҲûǿԴԲ֮
ڣַͬûôǿԴ
ά챦
һҪǿԴ
ַάȿռ޾ȡ֮ҪΪߵȵı׺ԴǿԴַ廹аյġ
ʶѡؽʱַ岢δѡ
άȿռȻʱ䲻㳤ϻмףûɶõά챦׼սѩٺʲ
һսѩһɫַš
ɼ21ĽԺǿԴ֮ǰûʱ䣬ַ㽫ϾսѩʱҲʲô
֮󣬿ɫΣһǿԴ˪ɳȣĸʺս
ʱޣץĵط


磬ά硣
Ϊ޷Ϊά絥ڣһ㶼ά磬һ㣬ȡά档
ڵˡһ°Ӱ̤Ƭء
Ŀߣǧٿס
ɼژژͳ壬ǿɵ𣬹°Ӱеۻ֮һӣؾҷ
»͡
ԭǳ硣»Ŀɨܣ̫ʼ֮ʱѾֺɺ֮ͨͨ÷ա
һΣ»һδ˳ͨ
Ϊ֪ΨһĻᡣ
Ӵ
𡣡
ԭǳ硣
»˫ͫտ
ǶԺɺж飬ݺɺڤɱ幥ݣ̫ʼԴҲ޷⣬ﶼŷͨڡ
ΪǵȻҪǣ߾ȫ
»Ͳַ壬޷̫ʼԴ棬ֻܾȫȥΪֻΪЩŷ񰲾ҵǵ
ڤɱ壬һҪ
ǿ֮ޡִۻ֮»޼ʵĳ磬ᶨֻٿһﵽ֮һޣɾͺƿߡ
壡



3237 ֻʣ漣
ʱţڤɱɺǿߣδսڸ԰Ͱ׼š
Ϊͳ˧ǿϢڴһЩս󣬱밮ޱ׼ȷλάͨǿϢ⣬ɱȶҲλޱ룬άͨ
ֻͨߣʵǾ־ƿغǿϢԶάͨҲֻΪù
Ҫݺɺһάͨ㹻ˡ
ˣԿҲػ
һι۲Կֺüǰȥϸ죬άȿռĳﱶȤ϶һջ
ԿҲܣͰޱһάͨĵȴ
ܿάͨɹȵǿϢĪеһжΪ֡
ⳡսڤɱض¡
ɺߣ֮ԷԴڣº·ȺһЩǱ˺Ѫ棬ᡣ
Ҳ֪᲻һɺݣҲ޴ȥѰµάȥάȿռΨһѰҺɺƫһǣͼơ
Ͼڤɱ岻ƵȺռݺɺҲһӽչɺ
Ȼջǻᱻڤɱû뱣ôһϣ
ַ͹»ˡ
ǰЩϼһѾûˡ
ǺǣڤɱɱǶӷأɼж಻
ʮԪңһжɶ֣ɱԿɺעҪ
δƼԿ»ͺֶַκãںɺһʩչƼʵֱָǿ֮ޣ˭Ҳ֣һɥһ׼Ҫ̫ϣ
ʱ̫ˣ»;֮һֻһַճ츳ˣٸһʱ䣬ֵõڤɱš
ĵȴܿͻн

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ʵ֪ɺֻʣ¡漣֣˶̵ʱַ͹»һܴﵽǿ֮ޣԿô
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ʱ򣬱Ҫðա
»ͣԼڡ
Ʋ»޾ژ֮УܳǧַߵȻͬ·һǺ֮һ·һ֮һ·
ûкûѡ
֮һ·ѣҪ󣬶ԺͬкܸߵҪ󣬵һѴﵽ»ͺ֮һ·һѴﵽޣ֮һʼ޷ס
йأ̫ʼԴ澭̫ʼ֮Ҳйء
»ųԣƣҲҪôܴﵽ£֮ԭƻڣֻǴոʱǰС
»Ͳȥڴ漣ַ塣
СԼ̫ʼ֮һ̫ʼ
ǰǣǣҲǡ

άȿռ䣬ַսѩƷס
طӣַκԣһѽطڻͨѵڲϣҪ൱ƵĲϴӳɡ
һĹ̡
ھͬʱ֤ͳ̶ܳȣʩչطкܸߵҪ
ַĿǳǿӵ㹻ġϡ
һõɫȱ˵мֵַⲢðõĲǺüһ
ò˵ɫ൱ƣά޷Ȼûʲôʵ֮Զʤսѩ
طıڸı䡣
ıϵĹɣΪɡ
սѩ׺ԴҪǿԴҪĵĲ൱ģɫΪά챦ȱֻǲʲơ
ַ֮ڶά챦ӡ
ά챦һǡǡ෴ʵ㲻ʲôӱȴ̲زַȻһнΪԴʩչǽ䵱
ϾӲΪֶΣֻΪ͵Ϯ޷Ʒ
Ƽ״̬Կ΢΢
ߡ
ά챦⣬ַ廹ûǿԴ
ά챦Ҳܿȥյõõά챦ͬû̫ãʱά챦Ҳǿӣõδãõδǿ
Ҳﾡá
ά챦սѩýˡַоսѩĿǰ״̬֮׺ԴʱȫһΡ
ò˵ط൱ء
ţսѩĽУһǿԴɫѵβ



3238 ǿԴ
ǿԴﲻףҲҪķ൱ַ岻μߣҺάЧҲǶġ
~~ɫһĨɫâάȿռԵüҫʱַԺһƬо룬Ӵӿڡ
ͬʱɫһУҲԺи֡
ά֮飿ַ΢΢һɫƸеһ˿ɻ󣬺ԼԤСƺȫ޹أɫ״ʮֵĹԨԴ
ӲҪ˵ûϵַôҲš
Ȼǿģά֮Ĳٿ֮ظַ֣֮ǣ˪ɳôӣһѷɽһӵкǿĹԺƷ
ά֮Ĺؼһ乲ƿأһǲٿ߱Ϳ
౦Զ빥
ַʵһЩͻģ絶ʵսв˪ɳΪͿ౦Ĭ
౦Զٿغ͹Է滹Ƶġ
Կٶ̫죬ռ輫ߣ㲻ʩչƼַⷽ涼ܳԿһʩչƼȫơ
һǿԴḻֶΣδһ¡
ҡά֮顯ƺصδھ
ԺеѶϢֻᵽֻƬǹά֮ĿƲ棬ַȻܴе֪һЩ⡣
ͬǡ֮ϵС
֮ǰõ֮ϵеطǿԴά֮顯һԺַиоĪĺ͡ǧ˿ƵĹϵ
ƫУպԼɼ21ʱ򣬸Լ
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˪ɳƿأ辡ɷ򣬲ܴﵽԲַ֣ʱά֮۳ɰɫб£ת
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ǾȷƿأַҲаա
ά֮ɢɫâͺڵһУ̲ǿֻ౦һٿأܱ൱ǿ
һԪԪҾƿǿԴȽ϶ʱȫûƿԲ˪ɳַƿά֮顣
룬ȶսı

άַ֮άȿռǿά壬ץÿһʱ䡣
һ棬սѩҲβ
ά챦ΪĲϸʮֻ
Ҫļά챦ַҲòˣΪϾά챦ά챦ʣ²ʱսѩ޷
ںάﵽһսѩʵҲͬﵽޡ
~~~~
磬̡
ַطĿƣɫâ˸սѩ֮⣬һѩǹ貣һδεľսѩ̥ǣ
ޣַоսѩϵҲ࣬ɴ˴Լսѩø׽δΪսѩıǿ϶ȡ
ȷʵһƷط
ַꡣ
ɫâӿ룬սѩɱ绯ɵȻһ¡ֻ״̬µսѩ֮ǰĶǿ״̬
һǿԴսʲôҪٿأսѩ϶ȱ֮ǰҪ
һ塣
ǶķһЩͲϣͬҲʡʱ䡣

սѩ߿޵֣ȹȥδʮֹݣԭЩȴʵʵڣƺһµ
ַܸоά̲֮صһޡ
ǿԴ
սѩַ⡣
ȻԱȲĪСԿǿ֮СıУҲ̫࣬˴ͬһΡ
͵⽣ӰྡЩ֮ıȣѲѷɫ
ڽս˵һõııҪܸõķӵۼڼɺ;緽涼
쵶°빦ַսѩʩչ˳طԴεɸĪ˵ġ⡯ԼҲ˸⡣
ĸоַ˲ʱͨ
УҪ˲Ķ
ԭսѩά֮ٿصַ壬ϵطƿ֮ȫĵͶ뵽µĵ֮С
ʱУ
Դĸо
ĸо



3239 ԽԴ
ʱûһͻǺѵһ¡
ΪҪƾҪԼȥԴǸƿһжδ֪ģһ޼ʵɳĮѰҷ򣬷ǳã
зĿ꣬͸°빦
ַȻӴԽԴľѧطҲֹһΣĪСԿ»ͣǶӵзǱѰսɺ;硣
ĪеĶսһָд㣬ַԳԽԴεġ⡯̡
սѩ޾׺ԴﵽǿԴַһɣȫȫĸָоȻ
ǿԴǺɺǿ֮һ
ֱָ֮һļޡ
ַ裬ﵽάȾΣԼ֮ǰڤɱǿ߽սʱٴ麣ȫǻֱۣ֮һ޵һݡ

ַûĪаһ·˵ʼǱ˵ģĪеİǸԣȵģһʺԼ
ͬİ⣬ڲͬϣȻͬġ
οַ崳輫ʱйԣڤɱ⾳ͺɺĺ֮һٻЩ𣬾ܸҲһǺ֮һļ衣
ַںɺɳںɺĸɺ֮һļ裬ʺġ
սѩΪǿԴһ˲䣬Ϊؼ
ҲַԸһԭһ˲䣬ԼҪģϣէ֣ȻһоС

ַ֣սѩ֮ϸطսѩӵһضǿ·֪սѩַ
̫㻺
ÿһϸ㣬˿ַԺÿһ˲䶼ͷУͬһʽ֮䲻ϱ仯غϣͬսѩʱһģһ
սѩǸ㣬ַѾץס
ڵַ壬Ҳ㹻Ǹһһȫ֡
һԪԪԪ
ŵʱ䣬ַͬһ˲䣬άκ˺Ȼַ嵥ǵάļѹжһζ
άȿռ򾳽磬Ҫںɺ򾳽ǿöࡣ
ߵβͬ
ںɺԽԴľ൱ڴ컨壬άȿռ䣬ԽԴľ粻ֻһѣ㲻ʲô
ʶάȿռס
άȿռɲףҲַֻȹ̥ô޼ɵߣǿ֮Ҳô档
ȻҪǿˡ
ַ屾άȾΣҪԽԴľ׵ö࣬˵ԿĪм»ͶߣڤɱľַܸҲܸ
䣡
ںսѩųǿԴάŰƺάȿռ䶼΢΢𵴡
ϣϢ
س︴գ
ûκΰԵ⾳ȴԼصں˾Ž׺ɷ͡㡯ﵽԽԴĲΡ
֮ǿȫλس̫Դ
߱ڤУԴַ崴ĵһгԽԴεĵһʱ֮һļ¶˵ܡ
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㣬ԭɣһȫԲ
ɺԽԴĲʵ;Ž׺ɷϢϢءִַսѩȻ˿аգܸľŽ״Բɷ򣬱ܴ೬ԽԴεĵ
һͨ
ֻǺɺԽԴĲڤɱ磬άȿռ䡣
ͬԽԴҲи֮֡
մġԴ»ͺԿĽ⾳ҪѷɫһȣںĪȣþ͸ˡ
ԭĪôǿΣַŸоĪеǿ
ѹԼֻԸȭ⾳ʹﵽԴĲΣΪĪеġ⡯ǿ󣬾Ƥë൱ơ
ʱ䡣
һ߽ϸƣһĥһά֮Ŀơ
ַ鲻
в10ԪԼѰ֮ǰµĿɣսѩףԽԴĵУʣʱֻȫά֮ĿƣӹֶΣ
ȻҪԸԿȻû̫գ롪
һս֮
Ϳʣʱ䣬ܰˡ
˵ջأ
ַ嶷־һҪʤսһԿȴɺĽַ֣֮ѽ̫ᵽԼ棬ҲϣɺĽ֡

ڤɱ幥ɺΪڤɱά缴ô
ԴˣַԽԽɻ



3240 
ɺڤɱά磬άͨ
֣δȫɣһάͨȻ˳Σڤɱǿ½۶ͨάͨɺ
Կعάͨһڤɱ󽫽ɺֿ֮һڤɱԪ˧ɺ֮һڤɱɺ
άͨάأ𽥼ǿ
Ȼûо߽룬ȻǿϢܼӹάͨάͨ㹻ȽĻϣڵάͨǸմ״̬ߵά̫ߡ
ǿϢĪǿ֮Ҫͨάͨɺϼѡ
ҲҪ
Կһںɺ㹻塣
˭ܻԿ
ǿϢĪɺߣƼԿٶж£ռжǿ
ǿϢĪУܻԿҲ޷ɱ
ӦòԤάͨˡޱ
һάͨǿϢȣɱںȶ˱ֻͨߣȻԤάͨ
ԡԿŽ·һ㣬ӰγͼǿϢĴٶȣԪͨˡ
벻û𡣡ޱ
Կ΢Цǵô˵سǾߣԪ˧ֻܴ֣һ㡣
άȿռϡе⡣ޱп̫ˡ
Կ轣ȻΪڣƫƫıɣάɣȻһҪҵɺ̫ˡ
õ磬׳ޱ뾫Ŀ˸
Կս򰮺ޱ룺ϧںɺôãδҵͨ
ޱҡͷ̫ʼԴضгͨϧ̫ʼֺ֮󱻹»ͷգ˭Ҳ̫ʼԴ棬ԭ̫֡
Կüһ֡
ޱҲԿǰ̫֣ԭлҵͨϧ
̾һޱҡͷ
֪ǸַСһƻˡԿЦһֱ㵱ϸⲻ֪㱾Ⲣǰ壬ڤɱ塣
ޱ岻Ϊ壬ͨΪѰռݾϷ磬Ĵӳӿʱͨҵˡ
ʵҵһַСһԿЦݣʼδ価һսҲź
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һΣַײڤɱά磬ԿӦ׷
ڶΣַƻάͨʱԿβַܣԿ뿪ˡ
ΣڵһάͨʱԿͻΧһβǵһν棬ԿһĿ겢ǻɱַ壬ǽɺ
ν棬δһս
֡ޱ
һԿ۾ͶάͨǸ»Ҳһ֣ǲǰάͨ
Ҳޱ΢΢ףǹ°
ڤɱ޵еģԿǿ֮һɺߣΪ塣
ɡԿ߽

άȿռ䣬ַʮԪ
ջرʢ磬˶ۣ˼ȶĿꡣҪ˶̵ʱｫʵһѵ¡
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ά֮顣ֱֳַɫҫͨ͸âָʹɼ21ǿԴַٿء
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˱ǿȺ⣬ά֮ƿӵƿ
ƿάռ䣡
ά֮ʤάӵһԣܱܿάʲôַҲ˵ǷǳأܿάͬʱҲܱܿռ䡣
ĹǺصģֹĪ⣬ȫӿռ
Ȼַ岢δڹʵսŶڿռ輫ǿԿ˵⽫һɫ俹ĵơ
ݣ
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άȿռˮд磬һάȿռ׳ά壬ַһ̽Χûٵõһά챦
òˣҲܵ
ϣά챦ƽʵضܴﵽӽǿԴΡ
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ǰֵάͨȴʵʵģַҲǵһײˣεάͨǸմɣһжȫµģ͸ģԼ
ġ



3241 򵥵ķ
ڤɱҲƵģַ͹»ͿܶĳѹûַʮԪһֱάȿռ䣬ȫǷ˼ģάҪķѾ޴
άȿռ乥ҪǹάѹƵһҪǿ֮ʵܰ쵽
ַԼҲЩ
˺ܶ취ԿԿ˺ܶ෽ʵҲ㣬ƫƫ򵥵ķҲһսһֱķ
ƻάͨ
ȷҪάͨڱԿһأһڸڤɱά硣ԼȫҪԼάȿռֱӽάͨ
ǰմõάַͨЩЦá
ƻάͨô
ǿ֮أԼڵĹͬ飬ܿסԼվ־ⲻסԼֱƻҲάͨ
ô
һǿ֮1000άĳأôѹڵάͨ޷ܣοûɱԼУսľ޴άͨȻݡ
ֱַҲǹϵάͷţѸƿάͨݽ롣
~~
˪ɳάͨάͷţƬǳ㣬緱ҫɷַսѩ̣֮ǿԴ
սѩҲǰѡͨս
߳
һάͨ𵴡

ڤɱά硣
ãǿϢɫٱ䣬ϲŭɫٻӴľ־άͨǿϢüĴƼӡ˸⡣
ȣ
˲䣬ǿϢǡ
ҧأӿڤ󽭱ڣӿάͨȻǿϢɫȴԽԽѿֻǶάֲֻͨǵͨҲܹء

ԷĹ̫ǿ
Ѹײڶ֮٣ǽάͨһƬάʴǿϢ޸ȫӿڤɫâţüĴƼӡǽǿϢָ飬ʧ
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3242 ڤɱĿ
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3243 Ƿˣ
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֮ǰӺɺڤɱά磬Ҫ10ԪܵѽߣֻҪַԸ⣬άܴͨάȿռڤɱά硣
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3244 Űս
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3245 ðգ
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3246 Ʒ
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˪ɳӳУһȫëҰԳĹͷ֧ǣ˫㣬ŽɫĹâ紩Žɫ㣬˫ֲƬ׳ֲ̲άÿһȭһţάĳ츲ء
˪ɳǿԴ˲䱻ݲз顣
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3247 ά
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ַֻ֪֮࣬ŷԼҲ֪άжǿΪ֮άȿռ伸治ˣά˲䱻ɱ
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άﺱӵǵģУҲֻǳĲΡ
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ԼͻȻһδĶܲô
ַϵͷάƺֻǵغ棬Ҫ˽⡯ַ壬ȫݲ£Ҫݻ١
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ӦΧɢάڷΧıԵַ֮ǰ緢άľ룬ֻǿʢо
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ȻԼ̫Դ棬ɾͺά壬άϴ跥ͬôҲȲάռάȵά
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ΨһάǿģܾǼɺ;磬ƿأѧطȷ档
ЩھԵǰٲȻһ
ά֮飬ά֮鹥Ժܾ䲻⣬ǾֱӺάϣҲûκηӦһȭܰά֮顣
Լķ֮װܵסάĹô
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ذɡַóۣԿԼܷͥ񣬶ĪкǿϢԼһս֮ͷά
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ӦΧУëҰԳάȻһһӽַѸţȶ룬˼ǧ
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Զͷά
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ʲô
òάûɾôҪ֪⼸ʿɱҵһõά챦͵öࡣ
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ȻǻǸַ廹Щ뷨ġ
ͷάԼǶԸˣڤɱ岻ͺˣ
ڤɱͷȥ
ôͷάҲǸǿȻѰԼټϷ˳Լζһ㿿ȫܸоõײǽͷġơ
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ӦԼϢĵһ˲䣬ͻɽ˳ɱڣٲȻҪԼ˺飬֮˪ɳ䱩һ档
һͷԼûɶ
̫˽ˣһ㡣
ڤɱҲ
ڤɱά磡
ʱӦûܿİɡַ¶һĨЦάڤɱά缲۶ȥԼҿ϶ʱڤɱάһᡪ
ɹ



3248 ·
һͷά·ɲס
ܿ㣬ܸˣûٸȥ
㣬žͱ׷ˣַɲ֣Ȼӵкάάζַ廹֪ġ
һｻ֣ܱסѾˡ
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ʮԪַ弸ɶûɣһЩʵά塣
չǽάȻشڤɱά硣
໺𣡡ëҰԳڤɱά磬ǷƵعΪΪһֱ׷
ڤɱά磬м
ַ޷͸ڤɱάӦάԡ
ֹܸӦֱӽڤɱά磬˵ά͸άȿռڤɱάıݣһ޴ѷĿռԽһ֮˺顣
άȴκá
𣡡ëҰԳâ¶ڤɱά硣
ַǿ֮˵޽άݣά׾١

ڰ鷳ˡëҰԳڤɱά磬ַ㣬ڤɱά˵һδѡ
䲻ڻڤɱά磬ڤɱ弦ɹжʱ벻ɺˡ
³ҿԽڤɱά磬е磬ַ廹Щ㡣
֮ǰ̫죬ϸϸһ룬ͷά׷ԼǲΪƢ壬ԸײУ
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ַѸԶڤɱά磬һεۻأά֮λõַһԾ־£Ȼάȿռޱ߼ʣڱ仯־ܶλ
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ַֻĲ²⣬ҲûӦ
ȻܣԵһԡ
ַԭûضĿ귽򣬼洦˳㿴һҲ˷ʱ䡣ңҲǽڤɱάʱ㡣


ڤɱά磬Ȫ
ԿȪྡ󣬿ȪģʽڤɱɱհءƼԤȪռݿȪһɶ֮ơ
ǣΪµĿȪ
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ˣڤ㣬бͻ潻ͷţڤɱ󽫺Ԫ˧߾ȫͼɱͷëҰԳ
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һ֮У
⣡
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3249 ʼ
δĹǿ£ڤɱάĳڤޣҲûһģߣҲҰޡ
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ʲôδӴά̸֪άֻоͷϱĿֲһͷӵԶʱۻǿĴڡ
ڤɱ󽫺Ԫ˧ŷḻսɣ
ÿһιúͷϲС
ͷʲô㹥ʱֱһȭһţؽߣôô㣬첻Ĺ
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ƺûʲô˵ѹѼȿֲ
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Ϊ˧˿˽ɨأһԤȪԣ֣֮ʱ˭ҲȪ
ǰΣ
ⲻ֪ϸĺëһȭһڤɱԪ˧ʩչȫͷëĶô
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ĵѣʱо޿ƥеѹƣʶƺǴ˵άȿռġ
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һ̣ëҰԳǰɫֱӽ߿գƬӿӴάһȭǰ̺۵ؿڡ
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άʱӿ룬ѹڤƼѹƣëҰԳ˻񱩣һֱӽͷ­ҧ顣
໺𣡡ëҰԳ׳ȭͷĴԼؿڣ緢й
˿վƬ֮ϣȥʬκ
޵еĴڣ


άȿռ䣬ַάλá
־µӡʮַڵʵ־֮ǿĪУǿϢĶǿ
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ٲҲôףڶͷά
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Լ֮װ
ǿԴＶ𡣡ַͭɫս۲ףԻǼӲȶģ߱κֻǵʷ
ˡ
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һװһֻսס
֮װмŵ㣬ǲᱻ𻵡
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ͭɫսκ߶ãҲﵽǿԴΣá׼֮ʮ˵һս׷ǳá
ʮʲףߣߵǽս֮·
ַҲҪά챦иĶˣɺıҲǿԴ޷
ңַҲûôά챦ϡ
ƺʼߺˡͭɫս׺ַתջһռıһάܵ壬涼ɰݽȥÿһα仯ռ
أַĺά˵ٿزѡ
ֻҪ൱ʱȥա
ռ䱦ַ׹΢ά壬ԼĿǰĿռ裬кѷӳռ䱦ȫǴﵽԿĲΡ
Կõռ䱦ҲòˣΪڤ޷
ַƾʲôαȺάǿȻάģƿء
һ·ջսаıջ񲻷ˡ
ַҲ̰ģʱ־ĵԽԽлЩεġάԭڵĵطӵбĿԻеģϾʱͣƶ
ȻûбĿԸ
һжˡ
ˡַӽĿ򣬸Ӧɢȥһɢ˲ʱһ


3250 ά֮
Ӧ
֮ǰӦۻӴϢȫͷëҰԳάģӦҲάӴڸǡ
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һ貵Ĺ㣬ʮ״Ĺ㣬Զǳ
߹άȿռ֮ϡ
ʲôַһͷˮȫûάȿռ֮û̫ˣ֮ǰάҲǵһμ
йάȿռѶϢַȫǵ;˵϶Ǵӷе֪
ؼǷԼάȿռҲ֪֮࣬άȿռ߹·ַ֮һ
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ʮǳεıݣȷʵά֮ɣɺڤɱά磬Ȼɵıݣάȿռά֮䡣
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ǣ~սѩӲ͵ά֮˺һӣʮֹǰйַС



3251 òһ
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@־ǿҲߣҲ֪ʲôǺúǰɽڣû@ԷƺҲûʲô⣬ƺֻ롭

Ŷԣǵ֪ⷽάܡ
ھһ˼붷󣬼@ջҧгݵѡ
Ȼûݡ
һУɪɫӴֲȴһСǰɪɪãҶƮƮ䣬ڴ֮ϡ
òһ
ޣʱַǰһӼ@еļУõһЩȤѶϢ



3252 ɹ
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ڵַ壬Ѿ١
ֻ˵ͨάıѾ޷Ч


ڤɱά硣
ɹҳһš
⵽ǿȪ踺أò׵ȵྡɱ׼ǻΪĪؾͱάɵˡ
ԤȪܶ͹¿꣬ҲûüĶãðһͷ㱻άɱ
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άڿȪ湻ֱ֮QȪȪƹܵĵȿȪĻңȪƽȶڻƹϡ
άĳ֣˲ƽ
ʲôﰡ
̫£̫ǿˣ
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УǸɱȥ֪ͨˣ

ȪڤɱԪ˧챻Ʒˡ
ǴδĹǹ룬֪ƣ룬ٶȡȿֲֻҪϣĸڤɱǿ߶һ
ͷĹûʲôɣһʮᣬȴ޵С
ȪڵȵǵڤɱĵشԶԶظڣңս޲ʤĻȪ֮
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˵ûʲôսȤĵĻϲһεĶ֣Ǵ˵еġ
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һӡǿϢЦһĪҲΪ˽⣬ڤ׳һ֣Īеһݡ



3253 
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ȻܹҪ̽ν޾ҪһĿ㵹Ҳѡ˳ż@ļ䣬һ·ķѲԪַҵص׼ȷλá
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ʹϢŨԱȣûκȫάƻսᣬۿȥһƬ޾ɳĮ
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ʵսʽַ·˲俴ĪС
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һεĽǶȱȸղŸƺǸ͸
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˹𡣡ַ˼ıԼõȻûãͺɫƬһͬһ൱ƵĲϣΪϵȼߡ
ȭģķ濴֮ǰĺɫƬѡ
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ַ忴Լһεջ϶ֹƬߵĵ൱Լķ֮һδ̽Ӽ@ļѶϢ֪άƬСάʮΡ
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ζʲô
ѶϢԼĿǰġءַƬߵĵʲôĵطƬСάάԣʲôڡ
ر⣡
ͷάռñĵط



3254 ջ
ڤɱά磬Ȫ
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Ϊһսʿάһϸ£һ˸գֿյ飬ʵܲ

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ɨȪɨȪά뿪ǲɨѾһҪǡ
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ȻÿһĵĶ࣬ûһֵȫԸսЩҲķѲڤɱάûάľԵ÷άȿռ䡣
໺𣡡άȿռⳤ𣬺ëҰԳ泩٣Ƶطϳַ߲ͬάάȿռ·û꣬άȿռ䲻ϱ仯
άάȿռ䣬ɳ·ʶЦ
ȻëҰԳûҵַ壬ΪѾַɱԶûôάߵͲ٣޴ӱϢòʲôġ
ЩϣȻһ
ɱֻҵϳϣëҰԳҲͷٲᵣԼıߡ


ʮСά磬ء
Ƭߵĵشַ֮άûʲôƣҲţֻǲһЩп޵ϢЩҰ޵ıܣʾء
Լ@ֲвϾ֮ǰɱӺйֲάǿѸٹ̵ֲÿһֲ
ߵĽأ˭Ҳ̤롣
˭뵽Ƭлάռı
ͬάвͬã඼ϲռϾάȿռĴƣɫɫĶðײá
ÿһͷάﶼкܶر⣬Ϊάȿռ̫άûƴָĶҲбȻʹάʱر̫Զɴ¿һ
ά˵һάǻ׾١
һάĲر⣬ʮʮɫɫά챦ξͼʼˡ
ΪַʵΣײάУײάĲر⣬ǼΪһάԲرⶼصúܺãܺãҪããάȿռѰСһά磬ѡ
ڶʮַʱ̽Ƭߵһջʮά챦ٶȥһεջ񽫳֮ǰеջ
ңÿһά챦൱ߡ
ά۽൱ٻһЩͭıռıǿԴΡ
õǺɫƬȭףǿԴθߡ
ʮά챦ɫƬ飬ȭһԣһֻսѥͷЩǺɫǿϵװΪһʵĪжҪǿǿߣϵװǲס
ϧЩװʹãȻַһοɷˡ
̫̰ġַЦּһɫƬ֮ǰһɫƬҪԴһ֣ʮһά챦ÿһǼƷЩûѾ׬ױȡ
οЩɫǿϵװÿһһսĲ
Щܱͬ
ַ۽磬ʶάȿռǿߵʵǸ͸͵ĵУַǳ¿ͨһĶϴһ㡣
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ܿ͹ˡ
ΪάȾĲκܸߣȻױȵĵоںңԶַδĵ֮·Īá
翴֮һĵ˳ŵ·ǰС
ӦǺɫǿ߱͸ɱ֮ϵװȫάȿռ䣬֮ά񵽣ŵ
͸ûȡЩܶ˵Щʧȥıô
ֻߣ̫ԣƲЩ͵ȱ
װ⣬ɫɫά챦άռġַѿʼ̽һĻĮջƷά챦ǲ
άôռıȫС



3255 һά챦
һַջ32ά챦ʱڵõһʹãܷӹЧı
һڰɫı壬״׶10000κڰƬɣǺɫ׶ǰɫ׶ӵǿۻ
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10000κڰƬǵ
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ıҪķѼȥƣҪƿزΣס
кܶٿַڰ׶Ľϣͨ仯10000κڰƬϣͬʱٿء
Ҫͬʱƿά챦
ά챦ԭҲһ߶ֻӵһֶΪָǷ˼ַʵҲֻһǾǺά
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Ҫַ̫ǿ׺ԴＶıãΨǿԴεıʵ棬һ׺ԴＶıʵһ㡣
̽ˡַƬĮ̽˰˳ң֮ǰ籤ݰ޴ȭףֻѾȫҲûʲôô
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˵άԼԪռıﲻɣƻ÷ɡַ䣬37ά챦δ̽ѾԽԽխ
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װͬϺɫָƺ乲δɫǿߵš
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ԽǿȼԽ£ʵԽƼڤɱδƼڤɱȫģս״̬ڤɱӵ׽䣬ֱǿ꣬սжֲ

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һǿԴǿġ׶
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20ɫǿߵװȫսļ䣬ܸ͸ǿǾ׵һ
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ڤɱά綵תֱַӳάϵףһɴﵽ֣Ҳַάȿռ䱬ȫȻ֪һر⣬Ҳ޷ƿά֮ڡ
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໺𣡡Ԫ󣬺ëҰԳֵطأȻάȿռü࣬ԼļҺëҰԳϵã湻ˣȻûؼҡ
ϲЩɫƬǴЩƬл֣ëҰԳʱһһȻ˯һ
Ǹ͸ͣǳÿ
~˺ά֮ڣëҰԳСά磬Ĳر⣬ˣйЩëҰԳܿƬߵĽ֮С

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ĻߣʲôûС
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𣡣
ҡëҰԳܳСά磬ֱȡڤɱά硣



3257 ڤɱά
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֮ǰ룬ΪʵԲ㹻սʸûСڲͬˣػضʮԪάȿռַ嵥Ǻάࡣ
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100Ҫﵽ100ѣﵽ9899Ѽޡ
1000һ㣬ͳ100ܴﵽ2003001000ԺԶ9899ͻƵ100Ҫࡣ
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ڤɱά˵ַҪսͬҲҪ˶ڤɱɺ֮սԼܱɺ
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ʮԪǰַаպƼԿַͥаպǿϢĪһս£
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޷ĪеİԵ⾳ַҲڴܾãҪĪսһ
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ֱ;ַ壬ڤɱܡ
ʲôܣڤɱάһ֪


ڤɱά磬紦
ɫӼӿǿϢĪΪףɱڣȶ˼ΪﵽƼڤɱԤߣڤԴԴ롣
ƼԤߣȫڻȪ
ΪﵽƼԶΪԤߣܹϽȪĪп˿ڣȪԤ߲Ҳӡ
ͬȪȪǾƽģΪ⣬ǿ֮ε۷սûһԤ߸ս
ڤɱս޴ʵȫԼ֮ϵǿ߶սѰ·
ǲҲôԤ߹ǿϢЦĪС
ֻǻ顣ĪɫĮڤǿϢ֮࣬ǰѰάʱǿϢһڤΪڤɱǿ֮һĪвǿϢ顣
ʶλλԤ³ŵһ
ǺǡǿϢЦЦٲȻɱٶȱԤƸ죬ٶȣʮԪʮԪʱɱ䣬ɾʹ˵еڤ񡣡
Ī˫տӿս⣬ڤ񱩵⡣
һֱڵȴȴŰսһεĽ档
ľʹʧܣ
ţǿϢɫ΢΢һ䣬ĿⶸȻԶ
άĪл͸ӿ棬ԵǷ
ǡǿϢɫأάֱ˺ά֮ڽ룬
Ǿ־λ
ڹάͨ
ʲô
ĪΪ׵ǿ޲Ȧ



3258 ϻͷϰë
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ûάͨ˴άͨͷˣ
ⲻϻͷϰëô
ڤɱǿȷʵЩˣֻ۸˵ķݣȵͷάͨʲô
ƣ
ȥһ¡ɱһѪذէ֣Ѫʵ;飬ȶ˸ǿ
ϸǿϢòȷѶϢάͨƻɣʳڼһһ£νͽ鷳
סɱ˰һšذףתʧ
ĪǿϢӦϢô
ǿϢҡͷԷľ־ƿز֮£ҽֻǶλ޷׼ȷжϡ
᲻Ǻɺȶʵ
Īͣˡ
ǿϢҡͷԲ󣬺ɺԹ˲Ͼ֪ҵʵ֮£Ӧάǿߣĵǡ
ߣĪƳǿϢһۣߣֱƿά֮ھͽˣô鷳
ҲǡǿϢЦЦ
ǱӰΪӰڤɱǰάȾǿߣһС
ģҲ
ˡǿϢͷŽɫӼϷĽɫԽԽ࣬ԽԽʵΪǰάȾǿҲ츳
ֻҪͻƳɾʹ˵еڤߺΪ壡


׽䡣ԴԴϵӿ룬ַ־øǿ־λ˲䣬㿪ʼѸٹάͨ
ַ־㹻ǿμѣάͨĹ൱˳
ڤɱЩǿַ߲ͬάȿռ棬άȿռɵعάͨķѵСܶࡣ
׽£ַܿ쿪ʼӹάͨ
ά̣ͨܶԽԽι̣άȿռӰ죬ַҲҪάغܸߵάͨΪֻǴߡ
ȻַθߣάǿάҲᳬһס
ֻ蹹ȹ̵άͨͨ·ڤɱά硣
ץʱ䣡
ӦǿϢľ־ַھ־λʱǿϢ־磬Ǳ֣ڤɱĸԣԼάͨ
һƻ
ֻǲ֪˭
ߣԤߣǿϢĪǿߣ
˭ַάͨڼƫ䣬䱾άزߣ̶ʱֱַӽС
̤
ַά᳢ͨԡ
߷߷߷~~
άͨȻҡΣѣž־ַŵ״룬ƽһĳš
ˡַվϷ֪ȵ
ʱ䲻ϣѾ֣ʱܻᷢ⣬ڤɱԪ˧ɱ룬ַԼû£άͨѿ
̤
ַӯ߹̶һάͨڤɱά硣


ȻάͨḶ́ڤɱǿ뿿ǵʵ޷־ƿء
ַһ·άͨڤɱά硣
ڶνά硣
һַʮСά磬άĲر⣬һνͼռݺɺҰĵڤɱά硣
оȻͬ
ѹΣŨŨս⡣
ۻڤɱάȻڤַάȿռӴָǿ൱˽⡣
ľȣڤͺʵڲ֮䡣
Ҫǿڤרעֱһ㣬ı仯ֶһЩսʽ䡣ڤսǿ
ȫȻδʤڤȫķչʤڤһ
ȱ
չôڤͺǿַҲͬһεĸǼ̫ࡣͬڤҲиǿ֣֮ڤɱάڤҪӴһЩ
һΪڤɱά
һ˵άԽӴԽǿ
һΪڤɱάֵ۷塣
һߣ꣬꣬׳꣬꣬꣬άҲˣ۷״̬µά磬Աʱڵǿۻ롣
֮ǰڤɱά⣬ַеס
ڤɱά磬ַǰٷְٵȷ
Ǵά磡
ڵڤɱά磬ȺɺҪ۷壬ǿսʤɺҲȻ
ַ߳߳߳ɱ¾żڤɱǿߣԲ飬Щڤɱ󽫣Ԫ˧ڵһ
ڤɱάƣѰǿߣַĿģ־һֱɢ
ܿ죬ֵһǿߡ
֮ϢȻڤɱ塣Ÿսûãҵһ֮εǿߣַҲΪꡣ



3259 
ַȪǿϢƿصľ֮ء
ַѡάͨҪһ㣬λλñǳι̣ʶɺλĵص㣬ǺΪۻ롣
ڤɱάǿ֮ȪǾֺ֮ĵش̫Σգַ嵹ǿϢĪУάͨױƻһ
֮ѰҾλãȪʢҲȶַѡ
ԶϾ֮Ͼַά̶ͨҲ㹻֧źȶڻ᲻Σգַûô࣬˱ƻٹһ
ߣȪԤߡ۵糸ַ壬Ҳһڤɱάôãǵһμߡ
۾䣬һһ죬ڤɱƺûʲôֻͬ
Ƥ𪣬һ˰ҲûУӡ
ڤ棡
۵糸һ˲ȼ꣬Ȼ߿ҲҴ⣬ɫ˸۵糸ȼ·һ磬б۰׹ǹֱַ塣
~~
˳طʩչַ־ƽ˳˲״̬ڼޱȵսȻ֣Բ˳طַȫƿأǿ־ʩչ
׽˸ַδϾƼûв£һһ㣬ǵʡŵá
ԸһԤߣв˷

սѩһ׹⣬֮ݣƱˣһǿʱ磬ɫëߵףһ˫ͨ͸̲ͫżºɷ
ǿԴＫ¡
Сά絽ڤɱάʱ䣬ַķʮֵͬǿԴĲϣӲսѩ¡
ķѼ󣬵ֵá
ַһθоԼıУڤɱߵıС
սѩУַоѷɫ21ǿȣĪ˫ɵȭ
䣡
ַս£ֱƷ۵糸İ׹ⳤǹǱǺάȫѹƣ˳طǿַľ磬಻۵糸
ܣ۵糸ɫ䣬ôװ׾߶һߣԷһ֣˲ıֱĻǹǿµѹơ
ʲô
Ƽ
˲䣬۵糸ѽȼյ£ƼǵϢӳüĴӡǣ۵糸˫磬ٶȽһȫµľΡ
ʱ
һɫ˲֣ǳ㣬ÿһǳ·Χǳͨεصһâγƣ֮ˮᵴŷһеı
˪ɳ
ɵľ磬ַ˪ɳ޷ǿԴȫ׺ԴҪǿࡣ
ɶʲôڤɱάû౦Ҷ浶ʵǹӲƴ۵糸ļЩһʱҲѣƼʵۻǿ˪ɳǳâ·ɢ
ţַ֮һݡ
־ɢ£ԶһϢĽ٣ǰƼڤɱǿ߻ҪǿǵϢַӴս
ɱڣַ΢΢սѩâ¶
˷ʱ䣬Ȼַ岻Ƽڤɱ֣ʡȴһһ֣ûҪǿӰַ˲˪ɳУ֡
ȫԸ

⣬ϢɱڼУǿս
һڤ뺷ϢϤȪԤߡ۵糸һϢ֮ǰӦò̫žԽԽɱͫײŴ
ַ壿
ɺַ壡
ô
ַ壬ɱϤڵһάͨʱͽ֣ʱ޷Ƽַܣɱ֮Ϊ裬û뵽ڻ
ôģ
άͨ
ǿϢӦģάͨǲŸմûô
ɱԺֳʺţȴѰҴ𰸵ʱϵʱԤߡ۵糸Ѵȫ·磬ɫǳĺ֮ˮַ嵶磬ɱѾ֡
Ƽ
ɱüĴƼӡǽ˲ֱַڣȻʼջһѪɫذױƽɫ֮ʱ۵糸Ѳַ嵶¡
еֿ
·۵糸սսٷḻʵ߳ײַ壬ٶļҲﲻοΧĵ򾡱ַƿأ˪ɳ۵糸Ȳɱڸ
~~
޾ˮ˲ʱ羪κˣɱڡ
ɱ۵糸ַ˿ûͣսѩ콵ʱַսԡ
ң



3260 ڤɱ֮꣬εȸ߰
ڤɱά磬紦
⡣ǿϢ֮һݣüͷ΢΢šƼӡԼ˸˫һƾ䴦ڽɫӼϣ˲š
ˣĪܸоǿϢ仯
ֻһ˲ҲС
ɱڣˡǿϢĻֱӣΧһԤɫٱ䡣
ճǰ̽άͨɱڣˣ
ǿǾ֮һ
˭ġĪ䡣
ַ塣һΣǿϢ֪𰸣Ϊ֮ǰɱͨѸ֪ûάͨҲַġ
ƶϣַͻȻڤɱά磬Բάƿά֮ڽ롣
ΨһĿܣǴάͨ
մͽĪв⡣
ǿϢӦڿڤɱάĵԭΪľ־ƺҵڲ֮䣬ڿǡ
άȿռάͨӾ־֮ƿѴǷ硣
Ԥһһ㶣еάͨ޷˵άȿռάͨάΪ̣ٴάͨ
ʲôЦ
ǿϢƶҲûַ֪άȿռ棬ʩչκιƶвǴģȷġ
ȤĪһɺǿ̵ģΪַСһ
ҪԿڡǿϢǿ߸ԿĿռһģ飬ڣڤɱάΧһһָơ
Կڣͱַȡɡ
ǿϢĶǷɢ־ػڤɱά磬ĪУֻóսɱ̽ӦóҲûȤȥо
ڲڶνĪڤջ֣ͫ¶һ˿ս⣬üĴƼӡ
ɱˣһ˰ˡ
˵֮ǰĪлȤַдôھѾɱ
ַ̤ڤɱά磬Ƕڤɱǿߵơ
ڤɱ֮꣬εȸ߰


ڤɱ壬̫ˡַɱڤɱƼǿߣһǾɱڣʲôûõ
ڤɱǶ׶ôںȫ
רעڹͱҲ൱ֲģַʵɱҪʤһΣȻɱʱ
Һ֮װƷˡ֮װȫȫǿԴĵȼɱڵıû⹦ã൱ǿ
Ȼɱʯٵַʼδ£˿ܻ᲻ᡣ
Ļ桮ɱƼһΪֲı
һΣȻûȫʵַһλֻܵͨ״̬µɱڣʵ֤Ƽ״̬ͨ״̬ȫ¡
Ƽ״̬µɱڣƵϡɱڡ
ϧ
ڵңʱҪǿ̫ࡣ
ַսѩ֡
⵽µսܾչַȫʵսƺսѩϣַ˼
ȼԽǿʵԽǿ
ڤɱǿ󲻽츳ԵãǾߡ
Ƽǿȼô
ɱڣַоԤߣЩͬģ⣬ҲǿȼƼЧҪԼɱĵ⽣ӰྡҪǿ㡣
Ȼ̬ȵ⽣ӰͿྡǿƼ״̬£ѹߡ
꣬ͺЩƵġ
ַЩʼδ˵Сʵѹһսֻûô׻ʤ롭øһۡ
ȻڻδľߣȷʵмˢӡַԺ˲ϢֳԿǿϢĪеӰ
ǿߣ
ǵ꣬
ַʶԿƼ״̬ƺɱԿأɱֻһ
ʱԿ࣬ûɱޡ
ʱĪн֪Σɱڵ걬ַ˸ۣܲǸ
ǿϢĪҲ״̬
ܿ¡
ĪеĸԣӦ˰ɡַ˵ڤָĵȴһս١
Ȼڤɱά磬ôЩս޷ġ
ĪУչһս
һսַҲڴ
ղսȻһС⣬ʵ϶ֻСţֻѣǿϢĪȲεսƵ֣
ڵʵһΡ



3261 㹻Ժ
ַȴĪеʱ嫵άȿռ䣬һͷëҰԳһڹ⣬ŭ˻𣬼ڤɱά磬ͫѪŭѿʧȥǡ
Ԫռıȫ͵ߣ
ộ
Щ඼ͷ֮ɫݣëҰԳ˯쳣һɫƬֻҪл֣Ҳ֡
ڣȫûˡ
һûˡ
ëҰԳȻ벻СģҲ֪ǸάкܶáһģһС͵һѣǶ
ҪѱһȻɱǧС͵ȫɱ⣡
𣡡ȫٲתȦѰַӰĺëҰԳٶȺ֮죬άȿռȻַάȾٶȣάȿռַͺëҰԳ̫ࡣ
ʱĺëҰԳڤɱάԽԽ

ڤɱά磬Ȫ
ַĵȴĪеչһսܣַ벽Ҳδ뿪ս֮ĪҲط
ڼֹڤɱ󽫺Ԫ˧һɷȫ˻Ȫ
۷״̬
֮װ޸ַ˵ѸԭάոָΪãκһά綼д硣
άάľʱʵͻ
ˡַ岢ûеȺܾãһǿϢĽ٣Ƭط·𶼼žڤɱάʣĴڣգ
ƽԵ
⾳ֹս֮Уȫ֮С
·ǰԵĴʡ
ĪУ
ҺܳϡĪһַ壬˺ۣԵƣϢַͫһ˿ͣ˲貣Ϊս⡣
лַ΢Ц
ҲеĪеս뺷£޾ɱ⣬˫ȭĶڤй֪Ǻδ
սַɫȻ
ǾսɡĪоţɱⱬںԵ⾳ڶ˲ɣһȭѳַ֮ǰ
䣡
ַӱ飬Ҳ
սģɲһҡַͻأɫâ˲ȻɢĪΪģǳâһĪС
˪ɳ
ַشӺˮг֣սѩ¶ɣԲ˳طַ徳缱һֱ̫Դ˳ط̫ԴﵽԴμ£ԽԴΡ
Īо˪ɳȴŲæ
սһȭַĵƣƽдɷһͷϹſѪڣַ嵶ɣɫȼյڤ
ڤɱά硣
ڤάͨʺڤɱǿսȻĪǿ˵΢൱սУ΢Сƺۻ
ʱյַ壬ѲǵĪжսʱ
Ӵĺά˪ɳУӲѹסĪбڤĪµ״̬ɱƼʱǿȻַӲʵǿ
Ƽɡַں
Ը
Īвûгǿ˲üĴƼӡǴȼգԵ񷣬һ˲綼ʧɫ˪ɳȫǹ
䣡
һȭ˪ɳĺˮ
ڽɫڤΧĪ֮⣬ɫӼɫʮ񣬶ַĪٲ֣ڤɱϣҫ
ⲻֹ𣬸ڤɱϡ
Ϊǿߣ뺴
棬񷡣ص쳹գĪеݻ˪ɳʱһ׹էȻ֣˪ɳ˲䣬͸Īеķ
ά֮飡
ɫĹâƣ̲۵ĺάĪɫڤơĪлʱؿڣɫŸմĪеļѴ
ȣĪбУά֮
ַеά֮ʧأ˲׽˳طϣӿ룬ַ־ǿһΣά֮ĿƲȹ̣Ҽ¶â
߳
ɫٴĪеؿڣѪĿⱩƼĿȫ̵Ľƾַά֮پάѹڤҲڴʱէȻֹ
ˣ㹻ԺĪһ˫ȭؿڵά֮飬ɫ޾âǳҫʱĪս⻹ɱⶼ۷塣
Ѫˣøǿ
һ̣Īз·صŰսֵʱյˡ
յٰܡ



3262 
ڤɱά磬紦
̵ɫĿƹâҫۣɫӼżڤȸȸϸȥڽɫӼ·ʯȫͣһߡ
Ǹַ塭ôȪȶˡǿϢԤͶĿ⡣
šǿϢĻش򵥶ֱӡ
ַô
õŻش
ƻڤɱһιƻɱߣܵǹƥɱڤɱά磿
ǿϢҲ֪ȶ˺Ԥ
ΪڤɱǿģսȺݿ࣬ңԸڤɱô׳һСά磬СȺߣ
ǿϢĵҲԸϡ
ԣ˵һܣռɺļƻһ
ǿϢ֮ܳΪڤɱ䣬Ϊ侲ڸ㷸˴ǿϢҲᾡȥֲ
ĪдˣӦӮɣԤߡĪмǳݡ
ǻ˵Īдڤɱǿģ
ǣĪдҪˣǸɴиɱˡ
ЩԤ߶ԻȪǵĪСһäĿţȷʵĪڤɱܳһʱ֮ڤɱǿߣս˭Ҳ޷ƥУνͳһʱ
ȶͶǿϢޱ飬ȴ֪ʲô
Ӯô
ȶûʣΪ֪ǿϢҲ϶
ַ塭ǿܺĪƥУȶ˵ƶϳۣС˺ܴ


ȪУַĪмս
һνʱַȫȻĪж֣һβȻַƼ״̬ĪеĲɱɱۡ
ĪкǿƼ״̬¸Ǵﵽǿ֮ޡ
ʱյַ壬ͬǿ
棬ǿĺάάȾΣߺַ޶̰壬źάǿɱ䣬涼Ī࿹⡣
Īǿģ
ḻսͼɣľȷʵַһףַʩչ˳طҲԶϡַڶ౦иǿĺάֲ
㲻飡
ңַϰԸǿĶ֣ϰ澳
ǿԴְͼɽ绯ʹãǰӵа˸磬ͬӵۻǿĪе
Īнսɱȷʵǿ
Ҳ㣬вó֮
ַԵǿϢְͼס֣ĪϰϰóİԵ⾳һС
ѹʱû⡣
͹ԵĪǿҡ
ʱʵʱһζҪͨѹʵ䷴
ҵĪսḻֶַ֪ܿΣ򣬻Ǳİɫؾ۲Ϲ
ĪгԹһοķвȫסǰɫĴַ̣ѹڤÿһͨȼձĺܴ
̫ˡĪһκְͼ谭ַĹЩû취Թˣÿ߶иԵս
ɺߣ츳ڤɱ壬Աֲ
ַֻӵеıĪмκһ߶Ҫ࣬ҪǿҼÿһܶ˺
ĪлûĶ֡
ȥҺܲ

Ī涸Ȼǡ
ڤ״̬ƺڤȫգǱͻļֽɫâһڤ·ȼմĪе˫ͫ΢΢ŤЩʹࡣ
ȣҧÿֱ죬Īм޴߹ȣɫһ˵еƣͽɫӼޱֻԶɫӼôܸӡ
ڣ꼫ȼգԶԶƼ
ֹֽɫĹâͬҲǣȼһ̺ȫȼʹа
ȼ󼫣

ڤɱ壬ܳԽƼ
ޣ
ԣڤɱ޵ĺᣬѪд޵ֻޣԽʱܱάȿռ䶥ڡޡһСǿ
ڤɱǿ֮
ԿǿĪܿƲʱ״̬
Խ󼫣
ȫҹУйȫŽɫƹâĪлޣ˲߹ȱ£ԾԵѹƽְͼȫ飬۹ά֮౻䡣
ĪеǰֻʣСĴڡ
ַ塣
Ī״̬һȭ֮ȥ



3263 ĪУӲȴ

ַĵȫȻƣֲĽɫڤӲ֮װַ屻Īһȭ˲ˣȻ׽
׼
ɱһսַ
Ȼڤɱȼ⣬иǿɱУʵֹڤɱ깹ַ̾ΪֹԼҪôݲйˡ
겻ͬͲ
ʼԴ׽ľӿ룬һǿĲ־꣬Բ˳طַһ͸ԽԴεľ硣
ʼԴͬѴﵽԽżĲΡ
䣡˲䣬ֱַĪнɫȼյ֮УıУͬҲ֮
һ㣬ַ˭
ԽǿԽ
οĪдս֮һֱʩչƼͻ棬󷨣ά֮ʩչĪеļࡣ
״̬ıȷʵĪбüȿ£ͬҲӾȼա
ǣϣ
ڲɫâѶ
ҹĪ˫׹¶־ǿᣬΪһڤɱսʿӲ֪ȴǺ¶ڤɱϣ˺벽
ǿݻһУȼյޣĪԷ־ַҲܣȵľԺ־
û
Īʮģȫǰɱַ壡
״̬£޵еġ
䣡ַеķһαĪк飬޾ǰַķֽĪѾ㹻ǿ󣬿״ֲ̬֮װȫ顣
ʱַڶͬʱĪǿĽɫϡ
ϡ
һα飬Īз߹ȣѪĿ˫ͫڤɱ嶥ǿǿ־ȫⶼھȻڵأδκȴ֮⡣
ս
ĪУӲȴ
ÿһսȫԸս
Ĺɫڤȫڱϣʱ˿̵ĪӿֳǿĶ־ǿľһȭŤʱգڤɱάȫѡ
֮ǰȭǿ
ǿǿ
ǿߡ
䣡ַǰθ죬׽âҫۣά߹ȣַطƿڣﵽԴΣ۵ͬʱַʣһ
סԴ

Īкеһȭͣһ˲䣬綨񡣽ɫڤǿâգۼ䡪
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3264 ʯ
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ڤɱά磬Ȫ
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ǿϢַ岻Ϊڤɱ廹вġ
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ڵ㹻ʵȥô



3265 ڤɱ
ɺ̫ʼԴ档
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һӰӸߴһ㣬ڤ뺷ֹȴЩŮ롣
ޱ벢ǹάóϷʱԿദԿǳʵǸԣԿڤɱһġ
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3266 ãδս
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˵ڤɱڶάͨַƻʧܣвڤɱ󽫡Ԫ˧ɺ˶ٲҲԴͷۡ
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3267 ǿϢ
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ĪսˣַףʱƵǿߡ

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֪ǿϢʩչһ걬Ҫòܸԭ
Ҿãеͷˡ
ַЦЦ
ĪУҪܶ֡
и򵥵ķнݾߣַ岻ô



3269 ʣ̫
紦
ǿϢĹȶ˼ĸԤһڴ
ȻǿϢҡҡͷʱڤɱǿ֮𣬵һȶˣǿϢɫѿ
״̬ɱΪߣȶ֪״̬Ҳ֪ǿϢʩչ
ˡǿϢʵʵ˵оǼɫû´Īоôġ
ĪУôģ
ĸȪԤЩԣĿࡣ
ɣȶĿŭ⣬ڤɱǿǲмôģ֮䷢սһ·ʤǿȡɵֶӮ
ʵ㣬඼ҲӲƴס
ڤɱԣ
ûʲôɵģսֻʤߡǿϢƽôʲôԣѲʵ˻ҪͶӲӲôǲŴ
ǿϢһѿ͸ࡣ
־͹ʵǿѪȻάס״̬ںϸ֦ĩڡ
ȶ˽ҧ촽
һǿϢһָĵڤüͷ
һʱ䣬Ҳ֪ôԸַ壬ȥᱻľĪк󳾡ĿɫӼǿϢ¶ɫ
ڵǣ
һ뿪ַʵɱȻһ
ַ塭
ǿϢҡҡͷ
ַ֪壬ôױɽַһ￴һʱеܶ¶
ҲǣҲǡ
ǿϢḻҲͷۡ

ǿϢµûַ岢ûȺܾãȫָ󣬱ٴ̤Ϻɫֱ紦
ɱǿϢ
ַû㹻ʵ
ĪһҪֳһʤȻǿϢܣַҲ׷ϡ
һεĽ棬͵һûʲôͬǿϢ˺󱻱Ƶٴο״ַ̬編ƣȻһסǿϢҼӾꡣ
˫شַ岢սܿȥ
ǿϢûһ취Ҳ޿κΣڤɱǿ߳˺޵Թ䣬ô
Χַ壿
ǵʵ
ΣĴΣΡ
ÿһʱ䣬ַͻһΣĿĲݣǿϢʲôԹװ߳ɽټԤסַ壬ȵȵȵȡ
һ⣬ȫʧܡ
ַ׼˾紦ܣôϷ
ǿϢַģĲᣬʣ಻ɣûʮԪ޷ԭ
սȥֹʵܱסԼҲַС
ǿϢĸоÿһνַѹԽԽԺɺߣս츳ĪлҪǿǵ绹ǼɣʩչѾԽԽѵ
Ƽ״̬µǿϢԭͲĪС
ڣַ彥ѹơ
ĺˣͬҲӰƼЧ˳ַԽԽһǿϢоõַԼҲ֪
ӣһб
ʱجģҲһһ
άҲˡǿϢ֪άĶڤɱάɱ䣬ɱڤɱǿ߲˷һ
ǿϢûһ취ַû취άҲû취
ڵһжľ֧ĸо
ǿڤɱ壬սȺ˲ϣں䱯
ǿϢҲάַ幷ҧϸһҲԣά϶ַǿ״̬µҪǿ
άһֻᷢʵĴڣʱŽһ鷳
ַ壬һأҲδܻƾӼάʵ̫£ɲ⣬ǿϢðա
ԴģûԴʵֲֿġ
ǿϢһͷͼάطʧˣά߶ʮһɱģһ֪
¾ʮڤɱάһؿ紦
ʣ̫ˡǿϢִŽɫӼ˿˿ƵڤɫԵȶ˺ԤҲͬܣƣ
һַǾѾǺһͷά
˭ס
ɫӼĿһСδɣǿϢҲ֪뻹ҪʮԪʲɱ䣬ڤɱ壬Ųôá
ټȥ⡣
ַάѹΪ̣ǿϢ͸ڤݵɫӼ֮У֪ܸ֪뷨֪ͬô
Ϊڤɱϣ
һʱڤɱǿĴڣ޵еĴڡ
Űս
һУɻϡ



3270 ̨
ţ
һ̤ϺɫϮַ΢΢졣

һΣûоǿϢϢ
ÿһΣֻҪһ̤ϺɫǿϢͻѸٳԼһս£ֱ걬ԼȥΪֹ
ָоػʲôһ
ǿϢصԽԽΣַԽһΪ֪¾ڤɱڣҲкܴǽɺԭ
ֻҪƻһб㽫˽ᡣ
ˣ
ǿϢķ񡣡ַСģΪڤɱ䣬ǿϢֵз֣ûֿ϶ԭ
̫
Ĺ룬ݽߣǿ֮ĩԲԶַÿǿϢʩչһǿϢָ꣬ͬʱҲǶǿϢ״̬һνӴǿϢ״ָ̬ơ
һң
Ҫһ粼ˡ
ʱǿϢֶΣ滹ɱҲһóڵȵĹá
̤ںɫϣַ建ǰС
˼ǰǿϢƺҲˣʲôУ޼ƿʩֻǡճǼƣ
ַԲˡ
ʱǿϢĽʵԺа͸һһЩϸ΢⵶ֹԽԴΣԶԶ
άȿռַ֮
ͷ˺ά֮ڵάһնɱĪлǿߵİ͸ͣƬάȿռ޾ĳȻڣԼǱɽһǡ
άȿռ䣬ôģַ̤ںɫϣ֪Ŀ̶Ѩȴû˿š
ԽߣԽ̩Ȼ
ޣǿϢ¶紦®ɽĿ־͸ַһУһɫӼһɫĸƣ͸ǿʶ
ĪкǿϢ󱬷ʱģ
ڽɫӼԣַǿϢԤߡ
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ַɫӼܽǿϢһԤ߸߾룬ֻڽɫӼԣ续ΪΣһҲ뿪ɫӼ±ַƻ
ͣ
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ַά֮ƼΪǿϢԽĿȫλ֡
أ
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ǿϢʵ
ûԿ͵ĿռƿأûĪе˲䱬Ը侲Ժͳ־սǿģҲӦġ
ڵѹ롣
ƺڵҹȥַҲЩˣԼóԶ빥Ψһά֮ǿϢû취ǿϢԺҲͽ͡
ٲȻֻйһ;
ú׼ַ֪ǿϢƻ֮ڣԼòôǡ
ԼƬ̨̽ɫӼ
ȻˣôҲô
ҿﵽʲô̶Ѩַսѩ֣ά֣Լ㹻ţַʱһ̨
أ
ǿϢһ˲俪״̬
̨ϣɫӼ𶯣һɫâ͸趯ӽɫӼĵײʱǧ⣬Ѹɢ̨



3271 ذ֮ս
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̨ĵһ˲䣬ַѾⲻͬһĿռԽɫӼΪģƽƵĿռʮӴ
ҪƳռ뿪ֹҪǿĿռ裬ҪӵдӴƽľ
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ȶ˼ԤÿڽɫӼ⣬״̬ǿϢֱȡַ壬һµı
ǿϢ£裬֮£⾳֮䣬״̬¸ʮɱȻֱַ֮ء
Ļᡣ
ʩչռķңɱʱӳٰټԪֹûа취ǿϢЭ̺Ĺͬ
ֻҪɱַ壬ɱʱӳپһҲֵá
޷ɱַ壬һжǿ̸
ַάﲻͬҰԺάַǿʵ㹻ǻ۵ǿߣ뾡ûеڶ·
䣡
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⽻εĶַ֣̫˽⡣
ĽףĪְԵݿ͵ģƾŽΪֹһͣ״̬ƿһȽףһס
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УǿϢ⣬ַް취ÿһν涼ᱻַֹǿ
أ
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ַͬǿϢ˽⣬ǿϢַ˽Щģɺ̫ţʵĽûֹһθǿһΡ
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Ӽɢйռơ
ӼܴʵɱȻֹһ
ԭĿģ
ɶ񣡡ǿϢòַķӦҪƽĿǰ棬ַΨһϣڻӼϣû취
ǿϢ״̬µַҪǿö࣡
ֻҪܲסַ壬ַûκѵĻᡣ
ڣַȴƵò
߳ⶸתǿϢתӼΪڤɱͳ˧ʵػߣʵɱκβأݲðʧܿܡ
ΪֻһΡ
Ƿɱ䣬ɾʹ˵еڤֱӾڤɱδˡ
ά֮Ĺʹ͸ǿǿϢѸӦͷȻЩæңһԤͼַĹֱӱش
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䣡
ά֮鱻ǿϢɢ޾׹⣬ʱǿϢºά۵ְͼά֮Ĺʱ䣬ǰԤУַ岼µְͼ˲סǿϢ
Ǭ㡢롢ޡҡ
˸磬˵âѳǿԴְͼǿȾ˵˸ǿ֮ͬʱǿϢ
޴ǿϢԴ˲мУ˿δԻҡ
ĪУ㲻״ֹ̬ǿϢں˵״̬£󷨡
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3272 ĺŽ
磬ǿϢͽһס
ְͼֻܶסǿϢȴ޷ɰɱˣһĽְ̳ͼһ̫ϴ͸ֽâ
䣡䣡䣡
Ƭɲǣְͼɢ飬ȫסǿϢĹ
ɫâ֣ǿϢ˲䣬Ƕַɼˡ
ȻʱַϢ㣬˿δְͼƵİӰ졣
ְͼƣˣȫַ֮ڡ
~~Ӵĺά۳һƹâַͫгɱƻĺɷ򡪡

Ž׺ɷ
ƵĲֻǿϢַͬ塣
һ֮ռķƳַǿʵͽӽԲĻɷȫȻµǿԴɽ绯ȱıһ
ɷĸƿء
~~
ַΪģ绯ĻɷݻһУһС绯ϵһ绯γǿҹɱȻ
ʱ䣬ɽ绯̨
֮ǰǿǿԴʱַѡ̶ȵǿɽ绯ǽͣﵽɺµǿɽ绯ַѻر
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ַеĺάɽ绯ıȼɽ绯ӵһǾƿ߲ͬһ׽ıһ
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ԴǿΪǿԴַһֱԺάɽ绯ȴδʹùɽ绯̲صֲ
㣡ǿϢƿְͼ˲䣬̷Ӧɽ绯ȶ˼ԤҲѸٹС绯̫̫Ӵ
һϵһ಻ǿϢƿһ˲סһȫסı
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Ĵ𱬷ƳĲֹǿռٷ֮ٻԻӼɱƻԿ϶ӼһȻв飬ɾڤǲḶ́һ;вֱƻǻԵġ
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룬ٽ蹥ӼؾԮ֮´ʱ䣬Ȼֻôһʱ;룬㹻ַ岼ɱС
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пַΪһߣۻ类ȼ˲һУǿϢôʱɱַ壬ַܹĹըݻһС
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Ϊڤɱͳ˧ǿϢҪôԤϵһΧɱַļƻȫʧܣסӼ˺Ӵһݻٿռַӳ졣
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䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡
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ǷΧɢһεĹԽǿϢͻӼȫ顣
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һԵȶ˺Ԥ߸ңùصڤɱ壬޲Ĺ֪ηԭشԤ߸ǱάĻ
һַ̣Ĺ˻ĺŽǡ
Ծףη塣
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ӣַл𾫹ţһ⣬ֱϮǿϢڡ
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3273 

ǿϢı֣֮ǰַ̽оǿϢԽɫӼıɽ绯󱬷ʱǿϢԼ˶ҪػɫӼ
ַ岻֪ɫӼʲôڤɱ˵һ൱Ҫ
ǿϢ룬ֱɲ뿪벽
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ԽɫӼ϶ʲôܿܺڤɱ幥ɺйأƻ⵽ڤɱĳ޺ͱ¹˲ôֻ࣬ҪǿϢɱڤɱ޿ɾ塣
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ţַٿһ֮𣺡ڶ

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3274 ɱʧ
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ڤɱ䡮ǿϢ
ڻըʱӣʵܣҲˣʵ֤ѡȷģһԤֻ뿪һ㣬ʹ䣬ֻ˵ˡ
֪ôˡһͷǺ¶ַ֮ʵ״̬Ӧġ
Ȫ˼Ԥ߼䣬ַƴһսػȪĪ֮λΪµľߣӳ顣
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໺𣡡ڶ˲ںǰģһͷѪĿĿֲһɫë类ŭ㵹𣬷צ˺ƿռ䣬ݺץͷ­
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ԤߣʩչƼסһС
𣡣ŭά﷢ŭѽͷ֮ݣĿɨܣ˲Ϣ̨룬оΪ֮

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һζĽɫӼ絰㣬ѿɫâŽɫӼһ֣žӼѿɫǶϿ
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ӴϢ˲֣ŴɫһӾӼ߳Ĺ°Ӱģһ˫Ŀľ˲ַϡ
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ǿϢڤɱǿƴҪػڤɱַڤɱǿߣ͸ſֲϢǿϢĪжҪǿԼΪͬһΡ
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ַоڤɱǿߵʵԽǿϢĪڵĲΡ
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ƿߡַԺٿظֳʣɺ˵гԽǿ֮εƺǰֳ־޸ڤɱǿڵĲΡ
ৣৣ
Ŀ⽻ۣ˴ܸܵԷĴںͼ
ִ޸ڤɱǿַ壬һˡһ𣬿ֲʱѣ޸ֳһâֱϮַ塣
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̣֮޸ڤɱǿ߽٣ҡ
ڤɱĻʣ԰ܣġ
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3275 
ڤǿԽڤܴﵽļ£ڤɱάǿάԱȵĻɺǿĺԪȻڤͬһΣҪѷɫһ
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άڤǿ١
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3276 
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3277 ܲ
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3278 ʧȥ˲֪ϧ
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άȿռѱƽάάȿռ⣬á
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3279 ɺ֮

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µڣΧӿ޷
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~~
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ַһǰһģͨ·̲һƬռУ͸ܸͨӦɺȻͬǿޱϤ

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ռԣǹȻ



3281 һԴͷλѶ
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ֵܿ졣޼ЦǺǵ
ҵͨˣʡ
ַӦҵˣԿռûбʶΧ̫ҪҲǺܷ㡣
ռ͵޼һۣ޼⣺֮ǰҵϢĿռ䣬ѵڲҵȣ
ַ𣺡ͨڿռȷʵ飬֮ҽ޸ֳͨԿ̫ƻռѽߡ
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޸Ŀռ䣿һǱԿĿռ䡭
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֪֮ǰǰ̫ʼԿռƬΪַԣĿƺֻСһ
άռֻѷɫĿռ㣬ַ嶼׽룿
Ǽʶַʵ֪ԣ͵޼ô޷ַԣȴһҲɣַʵһƺˮɡ
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ǰַ壬̫żˣ㻹СշҲȰ籾ΣأδػصĿǰ滹ԴΪء
ڵ޼ͷУַʼջַ塣
Щʵܺ͹»ѾܲҪսʤƼ״̬Կ̫ѡ
սǿ֮ԿƼ״̬£ֱǿ֮ޡ
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ĪкǿϢɱˣԿԲʲôֻǰߣռ輫ߵԿһ£Ҫɱһ¡
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̫ʼַ֮ʱ̫ʼԴֳͨڲǰ̫Ҳ֣ȻҲڳͨΪ̫ƶߵķ棬֪̫ͨλá
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һǾӼǿʩչ״ֻ̬άա
ıҪַάҲЩǸ⣬ҶΪ棬Ҳû취ֻϣбľУӳɡ


ڤɱά硣
߽ɱǿϢ֮һƬңɱء
ŰսִսٶȺᴩ
ᴩΪսŴߣǱɾڤɱά缫ޡ
ڵһκᴩΪһͳ
ڤɱҪ쵼õΡ
Űս̫ء
֪ݵĲ࣬ҪŰսʲôûУֻʵ
ڤɱǿߣŰսɨһһڤɱսڤɱߣڤɱ嶼ˡ
ڵŰսǿϢĪиҪǿࡣ
ҵˡȪУŰսǵٻӰɫü΢΢̣һļⱬʮ㣬ڤɱеߣֱ۴ϰ̺ۣȶˡ
ȶ˲μڤʡȶϵŰս֮ǰͱŰսսذܱ֪ŰսڤɱάļޣƼɵ
ֻϧ󹦿һ񣬱ַƻ
㣬ЩߡŰսӼУδȶ˽̸ϢϤӼһȶˡ
ֻʣԿ밮ޱ롣ȶ˵
ģŰսάͷ­
ںɺĿǰѽ硣ȶΪǿϢĸѶϢָơ
ɺŰսһУ¶һĩ⣬ֱȶ˴˸֮ǰǸСһҲԺɺ
ǵģַ塣ȶӦ
áŰսͷڵõҪѶϢ
һеԴͷλѶ
ɺ



3282 輫21
޼ַ漴Լء
̫ǲ󣬺̫ԴȫûıȣֻǷƾ豦ɷ轨һ޴½أˣҲַһӴء

˵أصǸ˭ģ߿˵硡ʮţһԪԪǴߡ
ַѲֵܾ࣬͸٣ΨʮһԪߡ
汿ҺүүһͲµˡһԪЦ
ʮƲƲ죬ȻףզͻףЩԪһֱǰߣ̫Ҷˡ
һԪЦҲͻư磬ͻôס
ǰ̫ˡԪҲǸ̾һԪΪߣַ֮Ĵ︨Ҳ˴߼һΡ
ͻƾõķսַǰţ̸ܺܵһ
һԪԪ˳Դջǻ̶´࣬ԣ޷߼޴ﵽ׵ԭֻҪһǾǾ硣
Ƕ̫ˡַЦЦ
Լʮʱ´Ǿһǰ˳ҲһԪԪܰݵ˭ȥͷ­ѪսĪıϾ
һԪԪҲףζЦ
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ȥһ˺硣ַ΢Ц

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ǰͨߵ21ͨѿַ̧ͷȥ٣оǲԺ輫߲㣬޾ңԶġ




3283 
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һжˮɣַ̤輫21ɲǼ䣬ʱΧȻ仯ϲãǻ졣
輫ɼ֮ǲεıʧͺͨһ㡣
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һޱǿĹأάȿռ֮ǰɼ21ʱַ򲻵κΰأһʵ;粻㣬ֻһ롣
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ĪǣҲƵƣַУ䲻֪ЩʲôãȫȻԽɺ𺧣ʲô򲻵һ־Ͳε
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Ƭص磬21Ӵַ⣬쫷ޱȡ
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Ӧڤɱķ͵޼ٿֻͣ۾ɴӣǿɼԷ֮𺧣Ϣ
յϢˣ޼档
ַ壬Ƕ輫꣬µַܵǶû뵽ô졣
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ǵЩһ漣
ʱκεı仯ϣܸıɺ״
Ǵ漣ַ壬ǼܳΪɺľһ˿ᣬǶػסɺ


3284 ܣ
ɶٺ䶯ַ岻֪
ûв͸ǽοֻǺУ֮ͬǰһ޵ɢһθŨ档
ڵַ壬ȫ񶼼ڡ
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·˺߽ߵһʮ棬δղŵĳͺһΣģ
ַ֪һеԴȪ
򡣡뿪磬ַ漴ǰ


֮Դ׷׷׸ʱĺۼƵĺɺǿߣΧĺ
˸⣬ͺƻ˹ֺѹǾˡ
ֹ޷֮ѿһ
һΰɣ͵޼ʸϣҲḻ
ԡ޼ף룬Ŀںϣʦ伮Уδֹ󡣡
һκܲͬ־ѹεĻǧѪŮһֱƽ⻤ֱݣʼδܳɹ
ֹǧѪŮʣ컯֮Ҳſٵ·ǧѪŮһģһĹ˵ˡ
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ҲáǧѪŮҡͷĿ꣬Կ͵⽣ӰͲ磬˵׼ڤɱĿꡣ
ܡ컯֮նʲôһѳӶѣܻڤɱĿ꣬޳ɷԣǼֻǺɺδڤɱҪȡҲһʱֻߡҲûзӡ
ڽ磬ҵúͺûбضϵ
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͵޼һۣһЦ
ЦʲôĪ⣬ǧѪŮҲ
ǲûˡ޼Ϣʱ𾪣˵͵ַһô赭дߵı飬Ҳ͵ͷһǰ㲻š
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ڤɱǿˣ
ܣ컯֮һӦ۾ɵùԲ
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λǰַ֮΢΢˸
Ȼһֱַ壺ϲСֵܣɹ̤輫㣬˵󶨺йذɣ
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Ӧǰɡַ߽֮һ𾪲֪ʣַкά֣ʱƿС
赭дᡣ
ˣ֮Ŀɿڴ
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ǻ˵ڵַǿ֮ʵŶԣǿϢĪжɱˣֻ¡
ʵѴǿ֮ޡ


3285 С
ַȻܿ
ԿַܿʵԿǿû⣬־ѹλַ첻κӰ졣
־άƿһС
Ⲣ־ѹַľ־Ѽߣֱܷѹ񣬵ǣһ־εѹǿӵһС
λֵͬһҡַܸоԼĺά޷ӳǿĹЧλУʲôڱܿԼά濹⡣
һһأҲ˶٣Լĺάļࡣ
ĺַ岻Ѵ֮ĿΧĿɿڴЩȻаͼַһ˲䱻λֵ⡣
컯֮ҲǸӣӲɣѡַ·߿Ȼλ޴ڣַܿάͬʱֱӺ컯֮ϣٴν
컯֮ǻͷ
ˣ컯Ȱ衣
Ϊ֮֮ףûԣΪ֪ڵַܱȣ赭дΪַʵ㹻ǿǿѹλ֣λ
ʵǧѪŮһԲһ䣬ֱ컯֮һ졣
ʱ֮׵߾۽ϣǽŲԶַ壬·һİߣ˵Ľƭ˵ġ
Ǵ˵еĺ
ûκһܹ˵ˣַȴɡ
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޼ӦҲڴǸʲôĴڣʲôܡ
֮ԺоͺѾһԪ֪жǿԲŸʲô֪ʲôܡ
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źԵ·ӳ̶ȳɫӼǧٱֹ⻹ֻǺĵײϷȥֱַоǿѹڵЩɵ
ԭôǿɺַܶһΣյĶûУΪַʵһѳѺɺȴǸ⡣
Щ·ƺһУӴ󣬸嫣׽
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Щƶ޷ƽ⣬˵ߵЩƣߵľϸ͸ӳ̶ȣ༫
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Ȼ˸Ľɫ·ȸӣλãǧ֮һСԿ׿һĵطϷǡǡǺЩơ
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֮ǰĸȫûз򣬲֪һ·ߡ
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ȫͬںɺİ𽥳ַͣоһģĿֱɺĴţһƣ֮һС֮ϡ
ص
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3286 ǿͷ
޾˸׺䶯ޱȵȸԾһ覵Ľɫ·״ڰӵײֱϷҫ
ͽɫӼĽɫ·֮ͬ
ǿȣӴ͸ӣɫӼǧ֮һһĴڡ
գɢӴλֵһǿ

֮ڣ׾ֵܵЩɺǿһĿ࣬ȫǰŵ
ǰδеۣ
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ǿôʲôĴڣ˫ĴУ
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һȫסˣǾḻҲδ澰ͷųԶԶ֪롣
ȫһ
֮磬ЩԸ˵
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Ѱά챦ǿöࡣӵά챦ҲʹãԴ൱˽⣬̾һʱ̫ǿҲδǺ¡
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Ӻͷųܲһڲͬı
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ʱ򣬱̫ǿδǺ£Ϊ
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ܳɹȻǼѣʧܣϾһ;޴ܡǿĴڣиǺεѡ
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ΣҲֻܽܡ
Ϊڵ̫ˣﲻκæ


֮죬ַ巴࣬һ˳ˮַۣ˵Ҳûʲô˼ģΣգַҲܻ
ĻᣬмΣ
Ƕƣţһеһз·עȻԼܿõϣԲ˷ȼ
ɣַ嶼ں
֮·ǲһ˳ĵ
ߣԽΣգԽ
ַУԿڤɱǿ߸ʲôвĶֻһǾǸӾӼоѵڤɱޡ
ɱʳѰ
Ҫɱַڵʵȫ
̫Զ
Ǹѵ
ֻҪܴлЩʲôֻնһıͻлᡣȻļҲܶԽάȿռо޴
ַ忴һά챦
̫ӴˡַоԼںΧУԵޱСеһһɫƣչֳܣԶԶ
ǺɺڤɱάԶ޷ȡ
һһά磬Ĵڣ
Ȼַڴ
֪Լܿ˶һܡ
άȿռ䣬̫ӴˡԽ֪̽ԽǿԽоСǼƬӰǰ͸ǿߵľһټĿֲַꡣ
ѪţȸԾ
ԽǿĶ֣Խ嫵磬ԽȤ
ַϲսǰǣǣҲǡ
䣡
޾͸ɢǿۻһ֮ܽɺݻ١
ޣ
Ȼ
~~ŵĺ˲סַ壬һַ֣Ӱʧںɺǿǰ



3287 άȷɴ
ַ壬
ĺ
ǡȻַͬΧؿռ䣬ɫĽ͸ͨһƼϢĳǳء
ԭΪͺһһ¥һߡ
㲻ǣҲǴ֮ء
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ɴֱַ۵ĸܣһɴڲһķ䣬һ򣬿ռμˡ
ԽԽ࣬Խַ࣬Խ϶
һ͵ķɴ
ͺɺķɴܲͬĲԶǺɺЩȣܳɺĲʣǿԴĲʸѡ
ɺûʡ
ʣҲûʵļպͷ
ںɺûڲĿռзеɴƼһθȻϡ
ɺԴԶ봫ͣ棬Ƴ涴ռ۵ȿƼֶΣɴҲܷС
ַһֱΪＫ޵·Զֹһ
ܣƼͬҲܡ
ֻǺɺδչĿƼҲΪɺ֮·ѷչһϵ˭Ҳٿδ֪ȷϵ˷ʱ䡣
һҷɴַЦ
ʵѡ֮һõɴ޲άȿռУԼάȿռ伲ۣһҷɴǽѩ̿
һطֻҪʵģܶĿǰľа
ɷɴܰʲô

ϣַ̧ͷϷأȻֹһ㣬ϷӦûиĿռ䣬˵׼Щ࣬ȲεķɴڱһԶԼȼģֻߡ
ле͸ˡַӵ׽䣬֪е֮ɹֱӷսͼӰЧ
ټάȷɴʲôûС
뵽⣬ַ̽ľ㡣
һСά磬ҵһά챦ûһұάǿٱάȷɴУʲôջûС
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Ѱ٣ַ岻ŹκȴǴڣάȷɴڲݻռͷ䣬ȫ޷롣
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ӿٶȣĴѰάȷɴĺĿ̨ڡ
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ܿ죬ַͷֺĿ̨߹ϯɼ̨ױϣһڲͬԲοռ䣬ľеͰťӫ͸
ҪǣĿ̨ԲȦŽɫҺ壬һȦۻ
·ˮ֮УɫҺˮػĿ̨
ַȦɫҺƾάй֮ǰԼҲ·ڡξм
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Ȼҽ룬϶ԭ򡣡
ֻǵѣѵ˿̨⻹طַĿɨܣĿ̨λάȷɴģԼû´֮ǰӦò̫಻ͬ
һңһ䣬һҡ
άȷɴɴʺ⣬̫ܿƵһںĿ̨ԼҪõʲôƿʲôȻҪӺĿ̨
ô
һа취
ûҽ봿ֻǹۿ
ַ尵⣬ĪƣҪȫƲУַȻţƵĸֻ൱ںɷոŶѣȫԲʮǧ
֪ǿ󣬵Ҫһʱġ
ķʱ䣬ɸɴ뿪άȷɴȥʵǿһ㣬ɾκٲЧѡ
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Ӧ
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ԼĺάɫҺɫҺͬҲһ֣άڤһֻǲͬ״̬
ȻܲǾ͸ɸɴ빲
žֱַסɫҺڵĻȦⲿůʱݣʱоɫҺİ磬άͷŶ



3288 
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ַԴһըʱ˽һ״̬
ǰ󣬷·һƬɫ磬ޱȵʣŰۻǰһӰģַ忿ɼ
һɫսµӣ΢΢̣սǰεı־ģӵͷûͷһ䣬Ǿͷ
ˡƽ˳ǵżҳһ˫ԧַ壬ʡ
ң
ַҲһ
»ˣɫսٲȻںԼ˵
ˣ
ʲô˼Լܾô
ǰáַ幧ǰɫսӵʵɲ⣬ַĴڣޣֱַ壬ɫսӱڤɱǾӼǿǿǧ򱶡
ָԼֻ¾ͻҷ
һά֡ɫսӱŵЦݣ俴ַȴ񣬷·˵һƽ֮¡
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ַɫսӣһά֣
Ϊµľ񣬵ʱ˵䡣Цݣάȿռ޾άֶѱһȫ֮֮С
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Ϊ֮һʹ˶ͣʶڽвºţάȾ룬ԸΪʦ㽫һд֮
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У
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ĿӣַɫȻһ䣬پ类㣬ܣںάйܿơ
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ղŷһ̫죬쵽ַ廹ϸ룬ѽ
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ַĪ⣬Ƭɫ뿪ǰȻ仯Ѳ֪Ŀ̨ΧǾܵеͰťһ߹߰ϯ
أַоԼ΢΢ŤͷɫҺƺûκα仯ַ֪һѾˡ
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ԼĺάĹ룬ɫҺУͺһḶ́ڵԼŷɴУѱ仯ٲǿˡ
ˣӵһƿȨ
1šַ̽Ằ
ʱ̨ĵƹ𣬲âת̨еǰ޴өĻϳһͽСˡ
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ڸղţַɴݵ֤
ãνܽʦĴУַսյѶϢһжͨŵܡ1šɡ
˵ļ确֮ȡǰԴά򣬽ԿɽܴС1ࣺһݴС
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ֻ³һ1Ŵͬʱֻѡһλߣ뵣ġ
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ôʵôǿɻ䣬άȿռ֮嫣ȷ֮¶
֮ȺԴάʲôͬôַ
֮˵ļ磬ߵƿȨΪ߿ɰĽܴУ1ŴԴάάյ㣬άȿռԴ֮أάĳǿߣݺάȿռ䣬ԴάҲֻһͨڡ
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άĳǿߣ
ǿʦҲֻһͨڣ
ַˡ



3289 Դά
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ַ̾ʦͬʱҲϸģ߶ϲսϲɱкܴһϲһһӡ
ַԼϲսϲսƫĪ֣֮·ֻһǿϢڤɱ壬ŷѪҺߵȴǺĪвͬĵ·ͬߵúԶ
һԪҲϲȻٶһЩʦϤָ㹻Դһܳɾף֮
Դά򡣡ַȫѪҺȼա
һ貵̻޷ţǸǺεȵį
ַ壬ҪǰԴά򣿡1ŵഫ
šַԥһЩδ˽ᣬɷٹһʱ䣿
ԡ1ŵĻشֱӡ
ڿԻЩȨޣַ֪ټķɴǷֽ׶Լõġ
еѶϢַѾȫвֽţԼֻһƿߣԼڵʵסӴʲ
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ĵַ
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ŷɴռ֮⣬Ҳ֮С
ϾлάȿռΣ϶ƣڷеĹжһʱ䣬ȿɣҲ
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1żַĶȺ⣬̲ء֮֮ϵԴάĲ֣ΪԴ֮άΪ׼֮ѻãѾ
ַ֮䲻1ԣԼû´1Եı֮ӦǺά̲صά
Ǹַʵ
ȺάǿάСάĲκԼĺάøǿ
ңķʱӦòࡣ
1ŵռв޹ڱԴֻ֮˵ĴСֵļأǰԴάܴк󣬼
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1ԣԴάĲ֣ΪԴ֮ɴռ䱾ͨûбԴ
ͨռģάֵַʡ
ǵġ1ŵάֵ֮ѭ򽥽ַʮһռ䡣
ȵӦȫǿʮռַʡ
лַάͶֵ
ȣָ棬ԼĺάάȿռһйɵĻΪȣûһж
άָǼط棬Լĺɷ򣬴طЩҪѭ򽥽άȿռĸֹ򣬡ά֮Σά֮֡
1˵ġ͡Դַܴ˼޷϶ȷķΧ
ԼڵʵΣ㴥ҲֻһƤëԴά׷ЩҲ̫磬ûҪ
ܵǿĿǰʵѡ
~~һɫâַռʮ㡣



3290 ռ

ַȥܾˣʲôɣ
Ӧáû°ɣƣһֱά״̬䵭֣࣬δ
ҲûãҵʵҲﲻʲôæΨо£
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һַںʲô⣬Ժɺ˵֮֡
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Ȼַ岻֪ɫԲײҺ;޴Բ͸ʲôãһ1֮ǰ˵ġά롮ȡйء
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ٶȾˣɫҺٶ൱Ѹݣû
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3291 
֮ǰգҪתһάȿռЩתЩתַ嶼ѡԵġ
ڣֱӱʵգȫҪκת
ж٣٣
Ȼַ屾ĺάǿȺȻܹؼĺԪ壬ٶȺԶַɡ
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ַȫַٵ֮У޾ǿ룬ԴһƬ͸ҪԼȥƣա
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Ϊӵеģάֻ㹻άչ׳ҺȻάô磬ࡣ
ַҪ٣Һܹ١
һԪԪͻҲˣ㹻Դܵһ󲿷ֵͻѶȣַ屾飬ͻƱ׾١
յ磬һжﵽʱ־ᰴͻƵĿء
ǣ
Ϥ仯ά漴ɱ䡣
һУȻ

ʱʹ൱1١
ͻʱʹ൱5١
ͻʱʹ50١
ڲϼӿ죬ͻƺַ໴ӤҪϺάεĽĿأ̲άӴһַ
ҺĴٶȣѸַٶȡ
70
80
90


ʹٶȴﵽ£ٱٵݣʹȫתַά潥ͣٱٵҲЩ֧Ų
ﲻ100%ͣ
Ϊάɱ䡣
εάεάǲͬģһȽײܶ࣬Ϊ֮Һвûб֮ʶҪķѸҺֲ
1ն´࣬ٱն޷㡣
κά嵽εĸı䣬ߵ׵ɱ䣬αѲԵҪģַεһײԽ



3292 
Ӵߵףӳ쵽Ḷ́ε䲻Ԫ𵽴ô󣬵ҲһĽײ
̫Դ棬άַԭξάȾ
񣬵άȾٿһ̨ףַԼҲ֪һײ㣬άȾʲôˡ
ŰսߵΡ
ַû㣬Ҳû̫˷ܣʶάȿռӴ󣬼ʶʦǿ󣬼ʶһռδŵ֮·
γάȾʲô
ַҿ϶ʦβ֪άȾ̨߳ס
Դάͨǿߣζ
ɫƬгֵĻ͸ǿһԳǷľΣ֮ǰַ￴ʲôΪʵ̫̫
ڣַ
εĽһбûȻͬ
νվڰ͸ǿڵһ㣬ַɿףΪ;磬
ַһֱڸһ
Һǿάʱ߸ԪҲֻһƤëֻһƤëַȴʵʵڵġ
͸ǿߵĵ磬̫ߡ
ÿһ˿ÿһδϸ֦ĩȫں򵥵һ֮УΪ򣬷豹棬һжôȻÿһΣַ嶼µĸ
ͻ׺󣬽չ졣
ԺÿģһΣַ嶼ջ
֮ǰַ޷ԺģһģֱοԽһ󣬲ǿԺģһΡ
һΣַջ񼫴
⡣ַջģһĪһսĪչְֳ⣬֮ǰڶˡ
Īеȭ԰ĳԽԴεַȻͨ
絽ˣ͵ˡ
1ţҪַ岻Ҫڣ֮ǰƿؽţ1ͨѶʱ1201Ųҵײһѷ죬Һա
1201Ųһָԭ״ֻһεĻ⡣
ǷҪ֣1ŵ
ַ֣΢΢һӦá
Ȼ֪ʲôһҲ޷ʱԳȥ1żȻˣһá
䣬ǰʱһԼͬǿ֮װӰŵǿĶεսѩ͸Űĵκάһģһַͷ·վһ㣬һԼ
Ǿַ֡һӰԼûж֡
ԡַ˲Ϣ״ţ΢΢һЦսѩʱո¶ַȵһ˲䣬Ӱͬʱ¶âӰײ
䣡
Ӵݿ࣬ܽɺĿռ䶼ƣССһ1201ңȴεĻֶ޷ƣδսַ壬֣ʱʩչ
ӰҲʾַһУͨģ⣬Ӳʵַ֮£ͨģ涼ϸ¡
ַģӰҲᡣ
ַ岻ģӰҲᡣ
һܺõļԼḶ́ҲǸոպá֡Ľ
дУһ߼ԼĲ縴̣һߴ̼ʵȥսȥȥѹ֣ʵȻȻ
Ǹտʼһʱ䣬ġ
ԭַֻ򵶷һ֣µĵҷһߣĥ㣬ӵе󾫣ﵽ£ˡ
һУҪ
ҪҪͬҪ
ַԺɷĸԲΪɡ
εͺǰͺһʦȥѧϰͨһķѵʱ٣࣬ԭвִﵽԲں;ĽУַջۡ
һδεսһδεĸ
ȴﵽԲģǡԡ֮ǡ̫Ž׺ɷʺַ壬Ҳһ
ǡޡ͡Ž׺ɷĴԲһҲͻƸ
Ȼɡ
ûκѹں;ֵдУַȻȻرȫŽ׺ɷĸ򣬱̫Դ棬ɷַ˵ǴֿɵãεĽһԿס
һַ̣ɷԲ
֮賬ԽյĹ»ͣȫŽ׺ɷԲսǺܴ󣬸Ǿ
ַյԺسִĵһгԴսѩһʱһгԴ
ԶӰһܿƣֱַܷҪд軹Ǿ



3293 ռ侺
ԣַѽ״̬
ɷĴԲַ峺Ȼ
һһеĵʩչȫ˴Բɷǿ󣬾ʩչһǿһԴ
ûһһ׵ĵжַʩչڵı仯ϣ
ⲻַ׷־Ž׺ɷȫڵַںɷĸǵǷ켫Եںǵһȫµľ硣
ַ壬Ҫ
ԽԴεĵɺµĵںиȫŽ׺ɷĵַҪĵ
ǰһ׵ĳԴ
߳߳߳
ַʱ赶ʱʱ߽Դһһģֵÿһ˲䶼ͷغϣӡ
ĪһսεظԺ
͸ǿһӡڼ֮С
ռһߣ־Ž׺ɷƣмǾ񵭵Ӱһжغϣһʱ
ַ壬ˡ
սѩ¿ַһӳ־Ž׺ɷһ壬ûĪ⣬Ҳûа͸ǿֵ⣬ȴַԼ͸
Խ
ȫȫسԽԼͣسԽԼ
һŵһη޾һԶľӰȫʩչսѩ౬ǿԴַȥǿĵ硣
Ȼ
䣡
һ£ȫ
սѩӰȫһǰȫȻ飬Ϊ޾Ƭʧ1201Ų֮Уһعƽ
µĵԽԴ
~ϲõڲң1ŵڴʱ𣺡ʮռ侺ѿǷ룿
ַһ
ռ侺
ʲôַ
ܾ֣ɽòռ侺1Ŵռ侺У߶Ծþ

ַһռĽ϶ȥǡ
ﻹô
ߣַ岻ʵ
ûС1ŵĻش䣺мͺ͹ԼϵģһȥַֻΨһһߡ
ַͷ
һܲҡ
Ȼûߣռ侺ʲôãַʵ
ѡ֡1ŵռ侺¼ߵϣɸҪѡԤ֣Σճ̶ȡ
нôַһ
ܳԽἶĶ֣ҳ̶Ϊҡϣɻþ1ŵ
ἶͼҳ̶ʲô˼ַʵ
1Ŵÿһռ侺Ὣ߰ʵߵͷֳ15ἶ1Ϊͣ5Ϊߣﵽ5ἶʱɽһռ䡣
ַͷܺ⡣
൱ڽһϸΪʵȼԪ𣬶һΣʵԶ
ս̶ȷΪд衢ҡɱս𣬶ս̶ԽߣսͶ־Խܾ߰ԽѣΣնȻ
ս̶Ϊд費ˣˣһˣѡɱսпɵģƼѡ񡣡
ȤַʱȤ
ռ䲻ֻоޣսд衣
ַԣϲͨսٶģҲַԼϲģΪ֮ǰһֱôġ
Ҵռ侺ɡַ
ͨɽ롣1ŵ
ͨ
ַ㶣»1201ŲٲȻֻΨһһͨҺʹ

ԺгʮռĴǾ޴͸ȫ壬֮ǰַһֱ֪ʲôأռ侺
áַһЦ漴ǽ롣
ͨһţһƬµأɱ1201Ҵöˣ볬ǧٱ
ΧŰʮ泩
ռʮֿٲȻʮռ䣬ʮռֱһС䣬вٿ̨өмĹ̨ʽ
Ρַѡһвٿ̨ķ䡣

֤
ַ壬ȷϡ
ַϷϢԼȫӫϣ⻹иѶϢԼĿġᡯ־
ζԼڵʮռУΣҲ͡
֮ǰ1ԣҼȿɽʮһռ䣬Ҳɽʮռ䣬Ҳ˵սʱҵʵʮռ䡣
ͻƳΪףµĵУҵʵʮֹ
ᡭ
ҲǾʮռѾܽӽˡ



3294 
һռַһжϣʵﵽǸײ㣻ͨռ侺ﵽߡᡯΣɽߵĽײ㡣
ַ˵Ҳһߵĵʮռ䣬ʵԲ㣬1ŲδԼʮռ䡣
ֽ׶Σַȵգʮռ佥ѿ㲻ˣʮռѡ
ַݣ޷ƿؽš
ǾսﵽΣ¾ͬʱʮռ䡣ַܿԼĿָ꣬оǳսڴ
ϲ
ַδֱѡĶ֣̫³ç
·Ҫһһߣռ侺һжϤóóȻѡĶ֣Ҫõǡҡ̶ȵսһС鷳ʹˡ
Ķַ֡巭ѡԤ൱֮࣬ÿһóķ棬壬ս
ɸѡСõս͡
ַҲδ̫ɸѡԤĶɸȥ룬ȻǺƺƵȺ̬Уַһֻʮֱ۵Ĺ嶼ûУȫսеĶ֡
ɡַһ˳۵ģԼƵĶ֣࣬Ҳ֪ʲô壬ⳤûбӣݣͬҲǵִ
ս̶ȡ
ַδѡս̶ȡд衯ս̶ȸպãҶᣬ˭Ҳռ˶ٱˡܿٿ̨ȷ϶֣â˸ۣһ;ƵĶ֡
塣
̣~
һ֣ǿ߻ĴڣսǻȻ壬Ǻǿ߻ĵ羢˲Ϣɢռ䶼
̣̣
ʯǿ߸ûƶһ˲ѳǰսۺܵ羢ֱַ壬صλöûС
ַشЩֲ
Ķ֣ûֹƺȫûͷųƵ羢һȴը
~~
羢Űַ˲˪ɳƿأͬȼսгԿģεĺάһ֣սѩȻս꽻
൱
Ľ֣ҶһӦԷعģʽַ屾ƿأϸֱϣռϷ硣
δƵεĺάַջǻ˶֡
ٳսͷӣսȺڤɱ嶼ʤַ壬ַⷽ츳
Ϣַܿеڶսһѡһַ࣬ɸѡģΪԼҲ࣬˭Ҳռ˭ˣսʽָһЩ
ַ´ˡ
Ķ֣һҲöԸ
ȲռϷ磬ҲռϷ磬ֵľͼȴ飬Զַ壬ǽַһƢҲûУȵʹַ½Ƕϡ
ֻԣдΣַһƤˣⳡƴ
ϧַʵаջ֣ܶȻļɺ;൱ߣȸ涼Լôǿ
ս̶Ⱦսһξͻֹͣ
ģʽһ˱
Ǽҳ̶ȣ忪
ǲɱ̶ȣҰ
ս̶ȣӮһҡ
ַжϣҲûҪսһսһҲ̫仯ѡҳ̶ϣɱ֣ԼҲܲˣνǿ
ǿģһǿ
ģҲһ
ʵȫս츳ǿģɷ㣬츳ģɷܾǿһ㣬Ȼܹ鶼ǵʮռս
սһֵ䡣
սʮೡַ˽⣬ѡսĶҲսȫд̶ȣ㵽ֹ
ȫܡ
ѡ
ƣȻսĶֽ֣Ӯд̶ȸܣɱսлᣬдҶһӣԷӲʵǿӮ㡣
ַľ̫ǳ
սָģûѡ
Ӧսɣҵս黹̫١ַάȿռȺ˽Ĳ֪࣬ҲôһЩ
ԴάȺȻ󲿷ȺСڣҪԴά죬ҪЩڵȺ˽ͨ͸С
ɸѡУڤɱ壬Ϊ޸ַһεɸѡøĿԣɸѡ̶൱֮ǰ˲ʣʮڤɱǿߣģ죬̬һӵڤɱ
ɸѡ״̬򡣡
~~
ǰʮڤɱǿʧֻʣ½
ʼˡַѡһܿµսԼĶֻһǾǳɺڤɱޣӼǿߣ



3295 Űս
άȿռ䣬ɺ⡣
ڵˡŰս⣬Ŀǰĺɺһ޵ά֮ڸϺɺԴ
ǰȶվŰս벽и̾
ʵûԼķʽɺ֮ǰͨάͨģϾʵδάȿռ۳ңҾ㵽ɺҲ޷롣
ȶ˲ַһάȿռֱӼһ㣬άֹͨŰսΪάȿռŤתάἷѹʴ
ܺ棬Űսôɺ
̣~ǿڤŰս⣬˲Ϣѿ״̬ɾ˵ά޷ѹо޸Ȼ¡
䣡
µάֱ֮˺һӡ
ŰսոתͷĿȶˣȥ
ȶ˶ٱһ룬ά֮ӵѸٺ£Űս˺ѷ첻СָҲҪʱ䡣
~~
ӰһŰսУǰǺޱߵĺɺ
ȶǵһμ״̬Űսһ˫̲ž֮̾ɫڤɱΪǿߣŮӣһȶ˶Űսȫġ
ߡŰսԼ࣬ά֮ƣɺ谭
ǣʡȶ˸ϡ


ţʮռ䡣
ַ֪Ѿ˽ʮԪ֮ãӸտʼһͷˮ֪ʲôȫӦռ
򵥣ʵڡ
һεĺά壬һռ侺ĥսַʮԪչ١
ᣬսַ뾺
1ѡָսĶ֣ʮԪĥսַḻԴάȺȻЩСϡٵǿȻ޷̫ϤڶȺϤ
ߣȺս츳вͬ⣬ʵöǴͬСģ1ԣӲԴάȡĲ֡
Ӽҵɱٵս
ַݽѡҲսѪŵȤ
ս
䣡ֵʵǿɱַɱַսƿغͷӣֻܿƵ֣ǿöࡣ
ϧʼղߡ
ɱͬȼַ֣δ¶ս״̬
սַ˵Ǽҳ㷹ɱַóģҲһ·ĥµġ
ռ侺أַ1201ŲҼ
һ߻ָĵһ߻ʵԼ
սսʵʵ
Ҫ
ʮռ䣬ҺﵽߵİٱٶȴͣҲ޷ַַϣʮֻδʱ
ἤҳ̶ȵĶַֻ֣вɰա
֣֣ǿһΡ
ǿһ㣬սַʵ֪ð1201Һǿٿ1ŵֱӴ롪
Σտ
ţ
ַһ
10ԪദԽܡ1šַ൱Ϥ˵ľΣǶԼԣɺûԼеΣյģǡ
̽鵽Էַʵ
ৣ
ַʱһӰ˰ִ̣޸Уs˫̲ͫǿս⣬üĴƼӡǸĿȫ
Ȼַ嵱ȻϵŰսԼ̵ڤɱӼǿߡ
룬ַ֪Ͼڤɱںɺ־ڱصãԼɱ䣬Űսδչֳ⣬ɱ۵жѱһС
ڵԼ͵ڤɱάʱԼˡ
ʱȫŰս֣սʸûУԼͻƳΪףҽţδʽܴУռʮԪǰ״ġ
ʵԶԶԤڡ
1ţܼ⵽ʵôַʵ
Ŀţɼ⡣1ŵ
ַͷ
֮ʱ޷⡣
ռ侺սôãַɸѡڤɱǿߣĿΪŰս޷ȫģ⣬ŰսĴʵһΧġ
̬¾ͿǿϢ״̬Ҳ˵Խǿ֮ޡ
ַ֪ռ𲽵ĵʮһ㣬ǿ֮ʵ
ʮ㣬Ϊƿ߲ΣҲŰսڵĲΣҲַĿǰڵĲΡŰսΪһᡢᡢᡢỹᣬǷﵽʮ㣬Ͳö֪ˡ
ȡ̬µսֵ״̬±ļ
жǿһս֪һΣַսϡ
Щսôܲġ



3296 ң

Ȼȥ˽ʮԪ֮׶δ뿪ںԿʼΪǷֺͷųʺ
֮żзԴ棬ɱЩĴɱ¾ڤɱ壬ȴķչʼַǶ̫Ҫ
˵ַĳܣ˺ɺδ
Ҳַ̫壬ѽ̫Դ棬ƨʲôܾˣȻںɺΪ˺ɺս
أʮ塣
Ӧá˰ɡ
ʮԪ㴫Ҳýյ߰˰ˡ
ٵȵȰɣûģʱԽζַջԽǺ£ô
֮мΣֲһЩǣַںڷʲôǶ֪ǣ̫࣬ʵû취Դȴ
֮ʱѾˣںɺ˵Ѳǣ޵ںɺĵۻʹ»Ͷѱˡ
ַ壬ǺɺĶ
~~~
ų貰âʱ令һһע⣬һ˫˫ĿעУһӰ֡
ַ壡
ַ壡
ڳˡ
ֹǳ˿֮ҲͷʯȻǶַģ֮ǰｻ̸ҲƽԼοԼ
ַһδ֣ǾһѶ
ڣظ
λǰõˡַ֪λ֮ߣҲ֪⡣
ջ񣿡һʣҲû̫壬Ͼ۴ҲãҲãַĸԵ޹أصǺַİ
СַնĻش֮޲һϲ
ܴ󣿡͸ε
ǵġַǳ϶Ĵ𰸣֮ϲɫ˷ܲѡ
ַʵԽǿɺԽȫ
Ǿͺˡ޼룬¶ΥЦݡ
á
ַһεĻشȴ֮һ¡
ʲôã
ʵã
ڤɱѾˡֱַ˵źܿҵʱһս¹˭δ֪֮
ڤɱޣ
֮һɫ䡣
ַ֮ǰἰģǸӾӼоѵڤɱǿߣ֪ŰսܶϢַ岢δ
ţǿǿϢĪб״̬Ҳͳ̬µڲ֮䡣ַʵ
͵޼һ֪֪֮Ĳ࣬ʱһ࣬ҡҡ׹
ǿϢĪѾǿ״̬ڤɱǿѪ츳߱ʵȴȻֻǺͳ̬µľӼǿ֮
ֲ̫
ַ˼ǡҪһַղԣץסص㡣
һսܲˡַ
ɵʱ㲻˵ȫѹмͻᱻȡô¶ǡ
ʱûַĿ϶ش֮Դ
ûɣǿַжס
ǻô
ɺô죡
ڲһˡַ廰һתʱɺҵʵ٣ȻȻûӮӦһս֮ɱңҲûôס
ޣһôࣿ
ʤߣһԵ컯̲֮סʵ
֮Ⱥֽţַûд𻰣˫ңԶսѩ֮սԡ
ˡַƽ֮˲ʱϢ
˳ַĿȥܿоһ쳣ӴȴɺϢϢ»һͨϢͨϢҲҪǿ
ˣ
ˣ
ַ塣ŰսϿգַӦϢͬʱҲӦַϢ֮⣬ŰսӦһɰϢ
׼ȷ˵ַģ˳ӴϢѰٶ
ţ
ȻάȷɴŰսâŽţ¶ޱ˷ܺͿϲ翴ͷ֮ϲ⣬һǿ̫࣬һάֵάȷɴ϶û
ȶ˾ŰսԣŰսַ壬ǶǹЩɻ󲻽⣬ŰսڼɫȶҲ֪һơ
ǳãŰսе¶ЦݣĿʱӽƿ֮ɫ
û뵽ɺд


о޸Ȼ֣ڤ嫺¡Űսɱⱬ
Űս£ңУŰսֱӿ״ֲ̬˺ɺռ䣬ݿࡣ



3297 ĵƣ
ŰսûаУַʵʮֽƻ֮ǰڤɱάͱַܣŰս˵һ衣
һΣʷݡ
ǿϢĪжСУڤɱ֮ǰĴٽԼڤɱ䣬ַϡ
У
޿ܡ
Ķ鷳ģɱ֮졣
ݿ࣬ңԶԴΣַ򡮳ԽԴﵽĪеľΣɲŰս
ַ壬Ⱥ֮ǰڤɱάʱˡ
ʱַֻǴߣַȴףҲάȽײ࣬ǺάΣͱȵڶǿʮֹ
֮ǰַҲδѷɫŰս̫࣬ռݾơ
䣡սѩǿԴĶܣȲŰսıУҲ˶٣ںάӳ£һַչֳ͵ڤɱάʱԶ
ʱǿϢ״ַ̬嶼ñá
񡪡
ӲŰս״̬
䣡
Ҳ𵴣һεĻֽ࣬΢΢׹⣬ַս
~~~
ռ飬ά룬ַ巴ڱףȸ䣬սѩ䣬깥Űս·硣
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Űսڤɱά粻ĳţսûһɱġ
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ΪԹߣЩ׷⣬Ҳûʲôȫ͸ַŰսľ硭
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3298 ʤ
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ʮԪַһֱں״̬ڤɱ岫ɱۻ̫ྭ飬ڤɱĹɣϰߣսóȵȡ
෴Űսַ˿˽⡣
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ά谭
ַ֮ǰԤԼŰսһս£жʤַԼҲûգϾŰս˽Ⲣࡣ
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ĹʽЩҡŰսҲǲ⣬ַĹûôǿַ壬۹ǷضΪŤ
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3299 棬
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ְַͼɽ绯ҪȫŰսʱ󱬷һɶض쳣Ϣգۼš
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ǻ档ַ˼ãǵõ𰸣ԼղŵȷɱŰսֺûɱȻûκ֤ݣֱԼŰսܿû
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ڤɱǿߣֵһᡣ


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ô䣡
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άȿռУϸСĩƺڷŰս־Ƭά޾άȿռƯһһغϡ
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أϸСĩھ־ȫغһ𣬻һȫµŰսϢޱ֣һص֡
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УܵôãŰս̫ˣַĽٶȼֱǹһνҪ״ַ̬ܻ壬һΣ״̬Ұܡ
ںɺջָʮԪټԪ
ʱ䣬ַʵǿʲô
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ŰսƵѰ̫ʼԴλãʧܲеʹͱˣ٣ֻøǿ
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ڤɱĻʣŰս
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һμ棬ҲָұǿʮٱŰսţһεġﵽڤɱĴ˵ڤУ֮ǰɱһĸԴ
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3300 ʼǵ
άȿռ䡣
ݣգ
ַӰںɺÿһȷŰսֱַ壬һǿûô򵥵䡣
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ڿ԰ġ
ǰڤɱι̫ԵΪɺҪء
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ֻҪѻںɺǼ߻ɱһ˰ˡ

׷飬ţĿⲻʱԶ̸ַ֮壬ų羴͸ж˿˿Ľ
Ҷףʵȴ֮
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ַҲϣԼ뿪󣬺ɺٶȱڤɱ幥ݡ
ܼǱá
֮ܿ뿪ַҲʼĴɨԺɺвڤɱ;ߣ߻ȫɱˡ
ڤɱ֮ΧҲʣ޼ڤɱͲࡣ
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ʼǵˡִַսѩûʴȡ



3301 ܿټ
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֪ȶʲôʣһǳͨŰս֪٣ȶԼܴάȿռ䣬ڤɱά磬Ψһİ취ǰ磬Կϡ
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ҵҲܴӿռдͨ
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ȶŰսԡϸ˵ŰսַʵܸΪַŰսϤ൱ԵսϰҪǡ

ӵ˫صƣ״ƽ⡣
߸ʵڲ֮䣬ַܴ͸ռ磬ŰսȻҲԡ
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Űսûлڤɱά磬ѡںɺôһѾ硣
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һμ棬һȫȫ㡣һ൱Ķַ֣Ҳ־ϳɳ

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ȻһȨޣƩʮһԪһ룬ʵҲû壬һûʲô֮أٶȷ衣
ռ䣬ַûʸ߽룬ֻ1ſԣжߵʵýһռ䡣
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3302 Դ
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ʮռ䡣ַȫµ֮أԼʵʵδﵽʮռĽ׼Ȼ1һ֪ͨԼսѴﵽ

ַ1301Ųңֱӿ
ߡˡʮԪ򾳽ͺɷҲʱ̻棬ԼףȻܱ
ڵʮռ䣬ȵѱͣٱ޶
ʮ㣬޶ȵա
~~ҺܿңַһάǿԷſգ棬άĲٿظַЧʽһ
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˵ַ壬ҲøţͿɽסšɺƽ֮ԷַڣǲҪġ
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ͷ֮ǰǶɼʱ֪ҵһֱЩ϶δҵȽ̸ĿǰΣҲǺ
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ޣһȣ漴ȻҲǣȵǶɼԿɽ롣
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ˣַ־ɢܿ췢һ֮罫һ㱡Ĳصϡ
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Ԩַ岻Ҫ־ɢ֪Ԩ
ս磬͸оһ쳣ڣģ財
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Űս˳ܳҲˡܳʼǿŶʱըϾǺ־ģһ벻ֺɺ˭ס
ȫƽڤɱַ뿪ɺǰԴά
ҪĿ꣬ȻŰս
ʮԪַû˷ѣʵӸʮռһᣬʵַо԰ջŰսܷȫɱȻǺܴ
СļʣҲһԡ
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ַ֪ܳۡԺδΪ̲ܳһ˿־Ȼ΢ɼַľ־εǿܸӦ
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3309 ΨһĻ
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3310 Ϊʷ
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ڵʮռ侺УַѲֹһ飬ѰڤɱڤսľޱȷḻʱҵǸ㣬ȱ
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ʲôַмź棬ȴ㲻ˮսѩ⣬˲佫ĻʵۡܳۡгƬ



3311 ֮Դ
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ܸһǿġԴ֮츳



3312 
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3313 ľս
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꣡һŰսַ壬ַѾһˣʱַ壬սȻ·˸ƵģȻͬ
һ˲䣬Űս΢΢һ



3314 
ַ嶯ˡ
ճһƽһ
һ̲άȿռ̲šԴ֮أ̲ļ¡ںϳ֮ԴַʮԪĸյһ˲䡪
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ǰ͸һɫǿߵһ
һַȻʩչȻɣ˿ѷɫ͸ͣΨһǷȱֻеսк⾳ӳ塢֡
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ŰսȻɴ۾һǰͬ裬յ֮бѿֱ۾ױĹ㶼޷ȫѹ
ܣŰսѪˣо𺧡
һŰսĲҡ
ľַ̫࣬ôھ汻ַѹŰս˵ѹƸ˼飬ʱһɲŰսš
Դ
͸͵һѽӴԴԴںԴάֵŻ֮ߣַ֮ǰ򲻵ΪûԴұҲ㡣
ó֮ԴʮԪĿ޾ս
ˮһս֮ʱַ屻Ƴǿս
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أ
Űս޷ױꡣ
ѪֹסشսתɾޣһԽȫ飬ˣŰսҲ˲ˣתսҲ
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Űս
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УŰսɱͶ־ǿңѪĿޱȣǿǿڤɱĻʣ֮Ѫ
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ȫâŰսͷųǰδе֮ʱԺֻһ£Ǿսƴȫȥɱַ壡
ǰֵİ׹⣬١
ɡַĵȫȫĵͰ͸һģһĵľַĺάҲַʩչһľ衣
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һ̣Űսַ֪һİأһ˲䳺ȻǿѪŰսȫɱ䡣

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ңŰսܿٶȸΪĵ㳹飡
Űսޱȵš
ǲġ
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εȵǿ
ŰսѸоͨޡǿһβֹ۸죬ǿһַܸ嵶Щǲûеġ
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ԴάŰս츳ǿģ
˭ҲסŰսעҪΪάȿռǿһ
ЦԨлŰսʩչ棬һɲǣ־һ˲䡪
꣬һαС
һΣ𵴣µƺҪһж
ΨһԴ
Űսںնɱ걻ɱʲôһκζ˵ûʲôͬ
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ǭ¿Űսַ޼ƿʩþһֶҪɱûãκεĹڲ棬Ǵͨޡǰͽ޹ġ
Űսǲģ
ԣٿȻ䣬Űս֮оһ˿ףַһǿֱϮ棬Ŀ־Ͳ



3315 
֮Դɡַ˫ͫտ
֮Դۻǿһͷſ죬סŰս꣬סȼŷһĲ棬䱬һ˲䣬ȫ֡
壬ӵ֮
֮Դӵǿ֮
Դ֮ڡ
ȿΪܳԴ֮ڣҲκαСġԴתںϳһԴ
ַںϳ֮Դʱ֪
ǿ
ΪԴ֮ڣڹǷжܷӲЧԴ츳ʵ
ǿһԴȻתɡԴ
ΨһƣԴ˵ܳǰɺ֮ܳԴ
ˡַĳ֮ԴѾȫŰսĲ档
棬ڤɱԴ
޴֮ͨԴ޷ɣΪ޴ͨȳ֮Դǿ̫࣬޴ͨԴں֮ÿһϸȻ޷ɡ
ڤɱĻ治ͬȻ֮ϣͳ֮ԴһΪڡ
ַλɱŰս£κһ棬֮Դʶɹ
ڣˡַһƬãã磬ƿء
ܸ֪ÿһͷܳλãҲÿһͷܳ棬ʱڳжصԿͰޱ룬ַ嶼֪ġ
ȻսַҪɱֻͬϡ
ǣ̫
Űսûıȡ
ллַŰսûĳޣֻͬλгͻڤɱ壬Լɺ
ԼƳǿŰս
ŰսֺγǱƳǿԼ
Ķֵ֣ء

֮Դɣ
ַҲżƿسճԴܣռûʲôͬȵܴͬﵽ±͡
ԴܣԴܡ
Լƿس֮ԴͬԼһӺɺӹ˳棬̫Դûʲôͬ
պʵԽԽӴԴҲӾ⡣
Ĵܳ棬֮Ҳףøǿ
ȫںˡַ֮Դı仯һѽںϵʱȽϳһԴһԴַҲͷһξ
ôı䣬ԼڣԼԴ
ų֮Դı仯괦һ㵭޻棬Ļ棬ױȵǿάȿռԭʼĻ棬㲻Ϩػ
ԭǲ档ַڲ֪ӣ֪⡣
ǲϨԴάĳȻڣƩʮ¾ܽ飬ִھ㲻ôҲһַԼɱ
ţ
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괦Ĳ沢ȫֻԴһ֣֮ԴںϻԴʱԼڵһ㷢仯
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ޣ
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ˣŰսһɱʱתɱޣ
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֮Դں˲棬ת̱棬ɺȻڼתֻҪ㹻ɲתͳΪġ
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ԭΪòǴû뵽һļԼĴܱ֮ͨԴɣԼһõ֮Դɻõֻǲ档
ΨŰսɱδɵɣпܵõͨޡ
޺Ͳ棬Զ
һεġԴ
ͨޡǿԴάȺ츳ǿԴ֮һ
ӵΪĴڣ

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ѾʼҪԼٲ룬ȻȻܳΡ
ַҪĽֻǸȻĵĵȴ
ȴḶ́ǳڴ
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ɱͨޡ൱Ӵ츳ԽǿԴԽǿҪľԽ࣬ԵʱŰսɱɣδȫɱ䣬Ϊˡ
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ɱһΣǿһΣ
츳
ѳΪַڵԴ
һõԴ
ˡַ֪ѵ£ͨ޵ɱǿʼϲ


3316 ͨޡ
࣬ӵдͨޡô
ַҲһֱɻ󣬱ϾͲȻͬԴ֮ϣ򲼼ȫԵںϡԴ
Ϊˣַ׼ࡣ
İΣںʧܵ㣬άתģ֮ȸ棬תɱΪͨޡһ˲䣬ַ֪Լһж׷ѡ
ںϣȻΡ
Դ֮Ȼڣһʮʮ٣ٻǧǧÿһϸÿһÿһƤںȫ
罫深ܣֻΪԴ벻棬еĴɱ䡣
Ҫ֮֮ѪҺЩֻڴӲ浽ͨޡתʱҪһȻתʱյĽˮɡ

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ӵв֮ȡԴ֮һԴ֮ʾ˭Ҳ᲻ߡ
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磬ںϳ֮ԴôɵʸûС
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Ҫ֪1ŶԺɺЩ֮ۿǡĿ͡ĳ
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ܣ
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áַԿ롣

һ
ҲԸ֮䣬ԿҲɬѡ档



3317 Դά
ɺһƬڡ
ַĻع飬ϣĺϢŰս䣬Կ밮ޱĳζڤɱԺɺԣΪȥ
ɺָܻƽ
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һ컯컯֮̾
һ·ƽַ壬ַ崦ԴάʵҲ봳һԼ֪Լ£ںɺһȥԴάʲô̲š
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ǺɺͷǧѪŮʺе¶Цݣûôᣬʵ֮Ҳ
б룬ϣ֮ա޼Щ֮̾Уַཻľˡ
һַ΢ЦӦ棬Ŀԣڲ֮С
ˡ
ء
ַͷӵ
ѣ֮һͬսսѣַڤɱάάȷɴ͸棬൱Դ
гһշ뿪ڤɱά磬ֻߺɺµǿߣ»ģҪ׷Ѱõķչɳάȷɴ뿪ɺǰԴά
ߺַ뿪
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˵Ͽһΰ㣬ַ֤ĳɳ֤˺ɺ˥֤˸أȻ䷢ԼĺС
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ǼһǸӣԴûˡ컯֮ŬŬӣַȥԴά򣬸Ͳÿǡ
޼룬ǺЦʵǸøˣʵǿȫˣǺɺǿˡ
֮Цѡ
ǿҪҲա


ſ̨
~~~
âһַ֡
ˣ硣ʮһԪ˷ܺȸԾ
šַ΢ЦӦȻ뿪ɺû̫꣬е˺Ѽߣ̫Դ棬ϵ򣬶С
ԼǰԴά
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ʲôûô磿ʮʵ
ûˡַ˫˸˼档
صɺַȥһڤɱά磬ԿΪڤɱάµľ֮άڤɱά
ڰޱ룬ַߣΪĻ⡣
桮棬ڤɱиŲϺţܽڤɱ־ȫΪ棬κǿڣ֮ǰڵ⽣Ӱڣޱȫǿڡ
޴ͨ桮ӿǿ
ޱҪ̫ǿʣƾ桮ʵһ·ɳַԣΪǿİ֡
ڤɱάҲ൱Ѽά챦вټƷһάȷɴַת˷档
ַ˵ֻϲãֵⶫѾν
ά֣ʦĴУ˵ɵйԴάƵϸһַ֮·𲽻ɡ
ڤɱάַǿһһõеʦԯʦ֣ʦֵȵȡ
ⰵǬҲַʩչֶθ
ںɺûʲôַģ䲻棬ΪƿߣַҪһЩ´࣬ƿɺкɷҪΪ·
ɺҲбԴ־
Ҳ֪ǿ
ַǿȫԽ˺ɺ
˴磬»ѾʮռˡһԪ
ô죿ַԲ˼лعȻЦһǸҲ֮ˡ

һԪʮﻥһۣգգ۾
ַ徹Ȼ˼˵»ͣ
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