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ԭǲ֪ҹݷкιأ㲢̫⣬ڲＰüңǼ˵ģʤûʲôӰ죬ҲǿԴҵĹؼֻƽ֮˽Ļ롰֡ϵ
ģ常ǼĹʽϣܹ͡ۿ̸˳ʤѳƺɡƽֵĳˡʾ׽
常ˡðӦ֪ǸոŶɳǵġ⻰ǹ룬һų֯ҵڶ֪࣬ʤ˵˭
ʤ¶һ˿̶ֿЦҡҡͷ·ô˼顣ս常ʤҡ
Ȼʤңʶغ漴ǸʤЦЦԼĵλڲʤңǲֱģοǰڴˣʹΪ˰εҲû˻ָ
ʤʱҲ֪˵ʲôãҲֻЦ»Χ˰ҵ⡣
סķ𣿡ʤָָªš
Ҳûа취飬ΪƽּڹŶɳҲû·ӣ⻹ղŲġȻʲôֵÿҫĻ⣬ܱȸղŵκúܶࡣ˲ϵĺ飬ȴֱðʺš
ʤôҵģνĹʽȫǸдʣƽǰûʲôرĽ顣
Ҫ˵ʾõĻԶԷƺûҪѵų߰嶤ӣЩôͨʤ˸ó
Щʲôأʤʡ
룬Ѿ˹Ŷɳô
常˵ӭʽԴˣ쵽ڣԤȹġ
ŶΪ֯ҾϹᰡ˵Ȼ佫˼·һ˹ŶɳǶ
ӭӚˣһҪٰʤһ
»̿֡Ҳæʩ
ʤֶ˵˼䣬Ŷû͸ȥˡȴ㲻˼Ƭֱ̣ȥԼոˣ˽Ŀǰܹ̹ԵģҲֻʱľˡ


 س£
ˣ΢΢ü̶ΪЦλ˵ȷԺΪջ֪㵽˹ŶɳǣҪҲϡ氡
շ󱲣ɹЩʲôɵ
һҲԪʱһЩЭ֮࣬½ļҳⷸ˶Ҳ
ô˵֯ҵĵһ󽫣ǸĴ֮˰һЦȴ˼ļĵĹôͨʤɸʰ
ʵҲһϣҲʢģأ֯УۣͬҲȻġĳЩĻϲ˵಻ʧΪʿͻȻЦݣĿ
ȵλУԣɽս⣬ٵಡ齲£ȴ֡
ĬԴȴҡ
֪־ľ΢ʵģ㣬Ǽ飬ҲδزǻġĵӶĴĵĻβҲı䡣
һĬ
ϣҾ޶ĵı̬ˣɵЦЦǲϰ˵ЩĻһжľˡ
ӚãȻǲɵĴ𰸣ȻҲֻһ̾ˣҲĵġ
Ӧһ䣬漴ָ˼سĬ
֮˼ȻҪһ棬زǻ¡кܶ໰Ҫȴʲôû˵
հʱ򣬲ʤȻſڵȴ
ʤŶɳǣȻҪݷųġҲûͬʹڲҵպʤҴʱ귽ãеĳӣһĵܵܣΨʤԪֶӡ鿴ʤƺûм̳ʤҵ£Ҳûжʲô飬Ϊ˿ϸβϵĺ󱲹ϵãҲǲҵһ
Ѿյжϸ
ͼʤǸмΣϵĹҪġ
µҡʤҲæ񣬡ǲ⣬ͺңţɡ
ˣҲֱǡ
⡭
Ĳңǲ

˼䣬ʤɫԽ̸£常ѾڼеȺˣ缴ɡ
ܹˣءȻЦݿ䣬˿ɫˡ
ҵ

Ŷɳûж󣬼ٲ·̣֮䡣
ʤʱסظ󶫱һ㣬ᣬҲĿŵվڿڳǵλãƺʱ׼С
ԭߵѾ̶ֳˡ㰵ľ̬ȴʤಽ˽ȥ
̤أȴüʤҴӴӭ
ԲʤҵݣӭѾҲֻæػ
ǰ֯ʮٵʱ򣬚ҲǼʤҵġȥλ佫ûʲô仯棬һȦŨܵӡȻЦȴһ˵ƣҲνϹս˵ġɱˡ
ΪסĹϵլвûʲôǼҾߣԵúܿľƵĵذǽڶ൱ͻʵرƽּǹҰķҪϺܶࡣ
ⲻһѣ廳ƽּյٱһ¶ԡǼ顱ʹϧΪӣҲȻ꼸䣬һӡ
ĳѾظΣȻһʼ¶ҲӦ¡
ʤƽƽʱǳʱĸпȴαҪӦȴһӣˣӣԵ֮˻ҵжɡ
Լǡ㹰ֵ
Ҳδˡ
˵ĹػԸġ
šֱǰ˼Ƭ̡ǵõʱȵۣβʿۼЩӾ̸ֻ࣬ΨȻһԲʱҾͲɸ̾ļҳУȻͬ졣
ǡӦһ䡣䳬ʮˣһȺ߰ĺȻûʲô̸ġʤҾȻܹע⵽Щϸ΢ĩڣȷס
㼴֯ҵʿʤ֮ز⣬ȻΪʿ˹֮⣬ҪΪƣһζߡ
ǣܽˡͷҾ˲Ըȴɻ󲻽⡣ĪǲʤΪûжӣԡԡ󷢣
ʷϣ᳼㼪һһֱûӣֱãݼҵͯǚͻȻ
ʤҡܲҵĶӣ̳мɣ
ʱʤʮͷȷҲǵ˲òϢʱ򣬶ֻʮ꣬ûʲô⣬͸˵
һˣ㿴ʤҵͱЩëȻ
ȴǻȻҺ̻߰塣
βܼ߲ϲ˹Ϊ㡣ҲԴѡ
ƽּŵڣʶȻʤ򣬲ҲҪμǣʿƾ̡
ȻˣһҪطȣϲ

ʤһֱû˵ʲôĻΪһǰβָˡżųĲ֮⣬ûκβľٶ
ֻ󱲶ûأԼˣ㽥˵һЩȻƲʲôԶ׿ʶΪҲ޺ġ
󣡡ﲻ֪뵽ʲôͻȻһĴȣ˵ǰֳŶɣһƥ
ΪвƽǸȽϴˣиϲռżԡ
ɲãҡҡͷսʿ۳ɳƾԽҵ
Ǻǡ΢΢һЦ޲޵£̸νҵ
УСֻǲסҡͷ漴ֻ
飡˰ҵ㽭ǣ
ȥ˵꣬ȚӦ;߳š
Ҳֻܸųȥ
¡ЩЦãʤȴֻҡҡͷ˵ȥ
Ƭ֮Ժ洫һɵ
ˣ˳ŲָǣһƥɫĿ߶һϣһձҪ߳ܶ࣬֫޳Ƥëϸ֮䲽ӯʹǚ̫ˣҲͲѵġ
ƥԻ㽭Ҵӽõģ˵УԸ˳غʺɣëȴûвᡣ
⡭޹»ʶҪܾ
ȻΪʤֻһβŵĴֱ򣬲мΪ飬ȻҲԾܾȻתԚ㣬ؾĿܡ
˶лˡֻÿЦ
ղصʮƥһƥҲûʲôźġ˰סҪʩĚ㣬󡭡Ǻǡ
ۺӣð⣺ܴ˲ϲѶϵˣһյˡɱʤҡƥɣ
ЦطС
ʯʱҲĿɿڴ


 󡰿͡
յաе֨֨죬ƽ˼ֳ֡ݵĳ֮⣬޹ѱ𴦣վڵȴʮʿվ·̬࣬ɫȴް㹧ڵеĻĿЦݣȻȴüĿЩԾĽš벽ʿ칪·Ӵλɫ磬һ̬ļҲǽźʿԵǰǸͻأˡ
˼ˣȻݳܽ֯ųӭ꣬ݸΪԺյβػ˹
β˹ʮĴβͳݳΪػ֯ӵų϶ֻ߱ų֮¡ųݹԣŵ
ųһϲ֣˵ôϲʶԱݳеϼʿ¡صųȻҳԴȴ뷨졣Ӧ֮ҺĻһǧɣĻĸػҲʧȥȨơ˹ҰѾãԶλö꣬βΪЦڳȻԴû̫λϸǡˡĿˡ
˹ų£վһȴԵࡣ׾ϣʼǹųֱЦݣȻδͿݣ֮Щɡ֪ɺϻǹ⣬󲿷ʧƵŶȤǱ档
·Ϊ˶ġˡʾ⣬ųҲûκεĵֽȻҲһɹȴٲȻѷһ˶ԷӡȻ֮䣬Ȼ¶ġ顱ȴӲʱս
Ϊ˿άػϣųߵúõļҳ˽ͷ㡣ų֪ںֿǣȻֻ΢΢һЦֹʲôҲ˵ˡ
˹ҵĹӣҲô𡭡ۼԶԶŵλƮһԹ
ǵȻɲԶˣ˹ʲôĹػĸȫǸܹˣ䵽졭Ա߸ݵʿȥֻĴ磬˵ġʴʡȴ֯ҵļҲδظҺ˵ġ
ӭƴƴС
㶮ʲôЮһߵʿҲ졣

ֵվųĚݸһЦֻδţתȥˡֻСβŵųԣʱ˹ǿӣȮɽ塢ҲҲȷܳΪȻ֪պųֲѶԿ֡ǳԸ¶Կǰλһ
ų̤Էϯ֮󣬲ࡣҲ׷Ԥλá
ܴˣһæʩ񣬻Ǹܵ˲֯ҳĲһʼͰԼλ֯ΪңҸѳȻĿ֮ڣΩܴ塭δλػȻ£ɫȻĵ治װġ
ų֣̿ų΢Цһ£ڡҪ񣬡ƥְڣҵޣ
⡭Щŵؿ˿ɫ糣ųɨһϯµڳܵʵڹǫѷˣȸѣ룬ÿÿ˼鵳ᱩҹ¡쵱֮ʣΨܵԵȣ֮ûݲ
΢΢һ٣δųʾֵ׶ѷȻС֮ͽ̲˼ڸģҲֻܰܵػ˼ˣ
ˡųִһ䣬ħ֮£ųȻ岻ݴǡ
Ҿͷˣ˲ˮ״ѷңΩҺޣǹ𣬻ΪҸѩܰ
̨µͣΪ˵ųҪĶҳҲ붢ųʱֻҪ˳ˮۣմ֯ҾͿʦַ޵ˡ
Ȼųٳû˵ϣĻ෴ȴüؽ¶ټɡ֪ʲôط˵˻ҳи˲
ĬƬ̣ųβս֣ٷϴˣϢǷڲˣ
Ȼ漴ɫϣܴβʯ˼䰲һν츸³δѡ
ȻˣˡųһΪѵı飬֯ѲɲʹΪ˱ǧҲϧˣ

żҲʧΪȤڣҲᷳİ治֪ЩôģųϣζػյС
ǿԷģ벻Ҳа֮Уô˵Ȼֻǰҡ
ԴΪҵ⵹ʵųЦ˼Ǹܾûʲôˣ
ֻܾҪݶٶ˿ȥδᣡۼҵó裬ߵһСҲݵĽ˵֣ƺǽʮ֡
һֱǰһԲ
ļҳͷװ裬һ۹۱Ǳǹģ׵Ķ
Ц˼䣬ųɫ
ˣðɣ
ظϢ㹪
šųͷ»ЩôȰѹŶɳøס졪Ĺͽˣ
һ࣬ҿɲʲôأ³ײˡ
Ȼ֪ԼֱɲģΪǰ֪Щأųͷش
ת˼ȦͻȻњǰȥ
Ҷصö࣬дˣͿԷˡ
ųһۣĿЩ磨ζǰȮðɣҲʲô顭ӽʮᣬ
ǡһޱվ˻ȥ


 
βžλңŶɳʼԼҵĴӪط˹ôǼѶȵĹοжԵҲδȤһȫʵȨػ
Ϊ˥֮󣬻ܹڳǰ˵һûʲôҰĽųˡΪ֮󣬶һĻˮƽʫԻҲǰǸ󡣚ϲϲˣβֵطѵһλ֪ʶӣҪ֡
⼸ֲȴߵļк䳰ȷΪáλӴӳʼʹûмֵȻ̬ȶѪݡȻ̬ȸνƽ˼ûһǮĹϵȫֻǼʶ֮ĲΪ⡣
ųϵϹټΪһ־ٹ൱ƽ֚ļǮ
Ȼʿٺ»ҪļũҳٶҲǲõġ˹ȴû뷨ʹҲֻɫˡ
ȻŶɳǲ̻Ҫۡɫĵط۳£ĵطҲΪǧӣľݣǰյУﱻͽӰһש
ãùˣƺͳ
ǚϽʮͳ˾ݵĳͣǾƿͣǰ˹
գոϰжĵȴӭµĽĿ֯ųͻȻټһڼҳ壬ݱ֯Ѵɱ˹ͳ֮
ȻͳݳǱ߱ɱȻҲݣųݳǣǾڹŶɳǽѰһƧдһλͳĹҡ⣬ͳĶʮʮգȴ·ݡ˵ļݣʵڲԹκһּ
ǹųһеķɲָĮӷΪ˵ǣʹӵųһҲǰҡͷԹ鷴ԣû˻Ϊһ˵֮¹ȻԿ
ⶼϲ飬ûʲôϵΨһעǣĻܲȥμӡȻҪǣô˹ѶȾʹˡ
ǣ˹ͳŸ֮ĵճӾһײļ졣

Ԫʮգһ֧ľĶͻȻٵŶɳǱһʽʮҳհνǰ֯ų˹
ȻսʱһдӼ򣬵һػļȻũͬġڳĵȼϡвǣСеĺбһȺŵõսľĶų֯ҵġáɮˣŽ⡣
֯ҵĴ󲿷˸ûνػ̸ʲô飬ִβΰҲֻһʽѣһʹı鶼мװ˽ϷųҲֹΨһĲΰݵĿֻ˹һտյλǰʹ顣
ʱΪųĴʣٶҲ֯ڼҳġ
˰ΣųͲסߴȥȴеġһΣڴ˶һųδ˼׼Ҫ󣬴Ŵ˹ŶɳǣȻƽ֚㡪רʱСûзȨ
Աų࣬һֱȵ˹һͬءһ·֮ϣͣпԼԼƣվ֯ҵȲֲֻܷܹ
״̬Ȼߵò졣
ǰѽһҲɢ˴нʮ·̣㲻⼱½ǿ֮ˣ÷ԸȻ֪Χм䡣
˹Уֹ˰ʱ¡
˽ǰӰ֣мӭ
üǰȥ⿪
ţִһɧͷȥƺǼʲô
ڴ˿̣ķУͻȻһǹ졣
ڣһȴ˹ĺԭµ˾ţͻȻ
Ըǰֻǽе·խ㽭˵Ȼ׷ϣȴԳԽȥ˦˺档
ˣץ𱳺ĳǹǹΪֽµ漴ס·ݷС
һʶŮδ룬ֱӺǹ
лƽֵˡ£ôûʲôˡ
ƽ֣ŮĬ˼䣬شŚ㡣
һɣ΢һ˼ǣͻȻǰ°Цʱϧʱ򣬚˳ȥ
Ƭ֮мѭҵ˿ԲųԼҵĿܡ
ϢתȴѹһҲһ˵ǹͷڵѪ
ץҲ㻺ȥǰ˼ͷȸһǹˣѪֹѽԡ
Сƽ̫ģҵֻǽ̧һ˴
Сƽ̫תǸǹͷѪᡣ˶ǲȴƻģճɫҲӡ
ǣ½򵺷Сƽ̫
Сƽ̫·𿴼ͰĹ֣Ƭ̣òŻع
Ҳôɣ
ǹ˾ҲѣСƽ̫նش
ͷȥҲϵһСޣŻŷŵСֽƬһӣһֲ֧ڵڡֽ޺ӸְֽƬ·
ˡȫλЭСƽ̫û쵼Ěܽᡣ
ͻȻдһʹǰһҳ
ԭԵҲһԾ
ƽִˣ
ǰһڡ


 һҳ
ȫѹǵڶյʱˡ
۾ǰһǡȻŮߴӰɫɫ´

͵̧ͷȴؿһʹ
ȱҶɣͿ˶ҩȻอ˿²СҪʮ졣
û°ɣ˻û񣬾ֵ̫ˡ
߼Ͼˣ˵ֻһ˶ѡȻⲽǰеķźͽƹϵݵްɫ
㻹ôڣȱͬİʼ졣
ҵȷдģһ뵽ܹؽѵǧĳɾ͸УʵϾ˰ϸֳһ˿Ц
ѵ
ȻҲȻ״ҲȻĪ⣬Ҳʼǧܹ

ľ˵ˡĻԻһǹˣһ˵ȻʧȥжȻҲѵʹԶʤˡ
ڵ´ڶмв㣬ʱôλá
ҪжǷԣ϶ǲѵģĪǧȻһ֪

һߺȲ裬һ˹صʧ֮װһȷڶԷǱߣһ棬˿ڻʹʵҲû硣
ãδط²豭ź޷ȵشЦ
ǧ֪һԼ꣬ȴ޲ļһֲΪǰѵߵԹ״
ԱϣŻָƽı飬ۣȴԼЦ˳
ֻƤ޺Сˣܹɻһ֧ڵҲȻմֲЩֵʮɡˣ֧ܲ乫˰ɣͻȻЩģԸȻʱûнɻ鹫˵һų˼ϲ㻹ܸɣ
ɲҳ֮С·һ۾Ϳ룬ѵˣˣǸСƽ̫һֱ⣬ΪͲҪˡ
𣿡ɵܶӶҴ£ܲǨŭ˰ɣ
Ʒ߽֪࣬ܲһ䣬Сƽ̫϶޷жҲˡ֮Ͱɡ˺󼸲ţǻֹСƽ̫
ƽִˣСƽ̫춯æڹʩ
ӹȽ˵ɣҡͷЦЦСƽ̫
Сƽ̫߽ǹڵأϼޱȣȡı飺СΪǣۼܴ˽ѣ
ˣ˾ٶԵСˡִϣԴ֪ǰ˾Ͱ佨ķСƽ̫Ļгͷ㹦ְɡ
Сƽ̫һ˿֣̿Ȼѣºι
˵зߣܱסأѵǹ㰲˼䣬ͻȻʷһתްͽ䣬Ҳס
гͽ䣬Сƽ̫˿صذһݣֻ֪ϣƴ
ʲô߰ģôѵҪɱ㲻ɣæϣ
Сƽ̫ˣ
ǣҸǽ򵺷ң򡭡ڽ֮¼𡭡Сƽ̫ɫޱϲ
Ȼˣͷˡ˾ϡ
ˡСƽ̫Ŀɿڴ
ӦøĿڽСˡ˹ղǧҾͲ³˼ҵж˵С¶أ
Сƽ̫ӰƷʾɣװϿҵӣֻһٺʮʿܸʲôٺ»Ȼжҵʱպȡһһƽּҵĵһҳ
ˡ¡Сƽ̫¶ϲ˽֪ƽַǼ谮ӣų̣պǰ;ԤƣΪһҶѻصˣܹβѵõĻ
ͻȻ廰ǧ֪񳿵ѽ֯ıϢѸβţ˳ַʱգ¡
ҵٺ»ӦļˡСƽ̫Ҽһ⣬źȥվСľ壬ƽּϮأļ׳ǲѵġ
Сƽ̫ȥ
㿴ԼոĵһЩƮƮȻ˻Ǻƭİ֪ʷƣ¹Ȼ㡣
ڵ֮ʱȴͻȻһ䡣
Сƽ̫ʵ㶼𣿡
Ǳ򵺷ġ
һˣ˵ĻţؽضϷĻһǵзĳһȺͬ飬ʱǰ꣬Ȼֻ߸ˣȴҲδزŤתǬ
һ̶Ĭ
ǧʣǴɵġֻ̾ն񣬲ʮյĳ˾Ӧġ㰲ˣ˵ʵɣ


ڰ 
ʱԪ£Ŷɳǵ֯ųβػ˹ϵ壬ķ֮ʿݡ
ʮգü䡢·ʱִŶɳǡ
ʮգɡǰ֯е
ʮգȵ
ʮգ֯һʵɵļҳһռλ֯ŹҲɽǳʱ֯ѳǧ
گϡӣʦʮȥҲȬգ̽˷Сƽ̫ĳȷ򵺷Դ˚ȻҪʾһپⲻ˵ģصǧӣľݡ
˶֮⣬ǰٲ˵ģһĳУһȥȚ׵ꡣ
棬ѣδϯҾæؽλꡣ
ҵ׵ٰɣǰ֮Ȼ̸ЭңһҵֵܣӽҲǸλͬţˣ
Ȼвʡִܵξơݣ̬ʮһȥǸҵСնһЩ
ҴҲɫԣ˵ܵȻòʿȴҲϰǹճɫơ߷׷ӦͣȴҲŰɡ
ƹѲ˵κս顣Э֮ǹԹˣҲһ棬ǻͱҺͺȫ˹ȥһȻǴţΪȴҲøԪĚ˽ʱڵսʶ
󰡣ƺ뵽ʲôͻȻŤͷĚļ򣬡εĳ״ѾˣҺڲȷӣٰڴηӣʤǸŵ£ܻܵǳξͰչˣ
ޣǳ󰡡
ûٰǸոŶɳǵġ
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ݳ΢ϵλãŶķΡȻСﾮǡԴ֯ﵯռβŶγβ󲻵֮ƺݳǶϵŻˡ
Сﾮǵĳų֮ͬΪС֯һ֯ţֽѾʮͷˡ¿֮ʢеۿ˥λϳûиһҰĺͼıֻβ֮֯ͬʱԶԶ磬ҲֻݷԼ֮ͬ֯¡ȥδؽ˶٣Ȼ۹ȴö֯ܲǧľƣݳǵĴҲǱذɣԼ±٣Ͷڿأ
ͷİϵ̫ųҲûΪλͬڵˣ赭д˵˼͡ˡУûµĳŵǧʯҪ³һЩˡ漴ųȫ͵Ϣʱ
Сﾮ˵ǳǣ˵֧ʵĹؿǿˣҪλ㹻Ŀռ䣬ͷʿֻڳϯϢҪץʱӡ
о֮ȻûʲôƲˣóİ׷žôĽǳ˺Э֮
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ǵģ˽ˣ֮ص˵ͷڲͣϾʮԣӴѾࡣ
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ʤɸ統·Ƿź˵Ƶĺ֮΢ƽһЩ֮ɫ
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ĻͿԷźˡ΢΢˵ͷµһƺӣλܽ˷Լ常󵹸꣬ĵܵҲۻʱ򣬲֪θأ
Ӣ䣬ǸδɵĺܹƥеġྮûϴǰλֻԼɰķ֮ԼĳɹˡڿλµĴҲǺаġྮУֻпӵĵ²ʶ֮ݵλλϡ
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ȻϳǳֹྮʹطȻ㣬ǲ߷֯Źôأ
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պķԺʱֻһŮΪɥĸ׷ֱԭ򣬻٣Щ֮ͣȴʾ졣
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Ĵÿģ˼ʹСҲʮĶѡ
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ԳݣֻҪڽ񴨵ĵؽ繫֯ţӦòϳ̫żƵ··㽭̫עĿҲ˴ȥֳֻһƥͨս
ضУ֪ͽ˸ĵؽ硣
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ס˼ڵй˹䣬һв׼šԽȴ˵ʲôҲǮδƴǡ

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ݸһի˵ʱʤƽ־Ϊ㻹ʤҵ͹һֻӥʤһУʱἰӥ롰飬һõΪ֪²ס֮顣
Ϊһʱзĸ֣򱻾нڳֱºڣȴֲӳУƾǱˮѲ飬Ҳһ
˵ֻƾһţͨҲûκεϣֻżͷϣöԷӲϣ΢ŶѣȴţΪ⻼ƽϵһݡ

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微ոһڣҳű࣬Σһ˱Ͱˣжʮʲܲμӡȱϯ֯Сƽ֚ǰˣڸոͣҲĩ೵
֮ܶһжǽԴϲӡ۹ڳԶֲȰӹŵˡ
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Χıͷ׷׻񣬱ʾԵԶ׿ʶľ塣ֻ֯ҵСȻλȴ൱ȻȷʿҪչά
ΪСμ˭Ҫġڵսı֣Ҳʱյ硰Ӣ۳ꡱǼ֮֮ĳޡˣվһͬмȡ
ƽʱŵβʿʱҲЩַŵζ໥кŽ˳š
ȻųԹʣ微ʤ죬վԶ뾩ġµطֻЩġͬʱӿ룬Բ֮䣬һҡʱһɢ˵ʿʼͷӶЦ
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̶֮Ĵ߷áӵܳ˱ңֻ˷أϸǷּңҲġ
ҪǵȻ־سǵֳϴεֵ֮ĵһλ档
һ̬ѯݳǳ˵̸βŸľЩ⣬ҲʵԸ棬ʱὲЩЦ
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Сֻ̫鷳һˣýҹǱУʲôջ񡭡ס˼κһˣ
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һʮӵСԣֵ㲻졣Ȼûʲôսºͣһĵġ
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ֻһۣС̫һת˳ȥ


ڶʮ 
󣬾ҪصأѵũǴ֮пܷĺս֮ܶΪʮַæġ
ݳǹһڵƽ֚㱻ų⣬ٷ˵֮Ҫʺϵ˽ųԸĴڣͬʱüغ͡С׼
ǰ֪̫٣ֳݣʲ˴εľǵһΡ
Լ΢͵ļҳŻصʮϡ㲢ûеĹֵܸᣬֻﳤʢİȻн٣ѷʮֵΣ飬Ϊܷġ
ﳤʢ˵زһʱ䣬ϻǚǾļҳȻܹõߵΣ뵽ܵĽ̸֮У˵ĲܣԶֻ档
µ״ֽϣ¼ٺ»ǡʮĹġȥǰ˰ʯͷҪıʮˡųһ̫ӷȣʹսʱƫҲܵһսʱʮıӣͻΪһӣѾֻһ֮ң
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ԭȵǣѾʹáҪ½һĻѴٵİ١
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ԽݵļҲβŻ㲻һȻ̧ۣܴˣųأ
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˵ͷ
Խʮɾ̵ı£ȷԶԶʤ丸ġҲѹڽһʱӪ˳ɫˡ


ڶʮ Ĵ
ԽʮɻˣԸȥһӣֵٹĵĻƽԼ1.9ʮոµľѾښǰ׸ųĲߣҲһʱ֮
Իϼ壬ǶǰԾ֮֡лʮФĸһףܴ˵ġ
֮ʢŲ۵룬ǲһ֣ΪϷԳƵͻλ״ӼʱձдĩڣĲΪӣڲ˼йġ롱֮ʿ֮͵ĸߵƷϺõ壬ֵٹᣬеļƷǧĸ߼ۡļֵʮֻļ۸Ҳڰٹ£ҷֱʮФͼһײ룬Ҳľղؼֵġ
ĻԽʮ׳ֵٹϡۻļҵףǲС
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̸֮ʱҹԽޡ
ܹʚǰ£߽ʵ֮ȴֻסٹ顣
峿ԽǲĸˣŲߺ;㣬ǰķءﶼðϣٸһ㲼ˡ
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Ĵ۰


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ҪоСʱľ̹ؼȻָӣк֮ŮߣŪиָӵй档
ʱġձʽҵлᣬԴԹҡΪͬҵ塣ΪҵĹߣ˴ۡǮͬʱ⽨˰
ڱص㣬ҵĹǿҵĵطƽƣ涨Ʒļ۸ݵľӪΧ̿˰ʹñֶδѹءй桱ľߡ
νġָľг˰ҵ˰ϳȨߣּڹɹҵг
Ƕڹ³½ʯСΪ㣬ʹóµҵ֯ĿǰʵͲҪǿзϳĴڣǺġЧǼңĵص㣬ȴǿ֮
˼·֮󣬚㿪ʼдĲۡȻ֮ȴֻ±ά衣Ȼ֪ԣ漰ҵϸڣԴҪ졣Ȼ֮ŮϾֻʮŮʶ۹վޡﳤʢȻȴҲֻóũҵþ̡
ȱһͨҵ˸վԳ°̾һҪԽʮɹƺҲ̫ʺϡ
ὫˮښǰյִĬĬص𱾸Ů˸뵽ǰľֹδڷĳְʾְʾǳںĿǣǰĸأ
ǧʯᣬҿȥΣǰ;һݣû˵Ů²Сƽ֚ˣҳݡ
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ˣһоͰƽִˡɾһ°ݵʱһȻ


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ڶݡǹҰȳ¿УɷֱӹϽǮֻۣ׳ɶȡ˰Ǯ
ֺ;ݣֵϢޣͬʱŵķ

ˣ˵ĿĿʵ֣򵺺ͷҲδػʲôľٶˡ
ɾеȥϵĻҳ˫ֺʮдϵ״ֽȻӦɽæȴԡ޹»Ϊɲٺ»ȻҲ㲻Ϛļҳʶֻƚǡˡǡ¡
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ʿǲνġ˽¡ģҲֻһķʽҵĹпܾͻᱻΪǲıʾ

н֮ųƽ֚㸺еľӪ
ѡݣս˰򣬶ʮַġȻɾеĸһеɣֻ费ѡ
ԽݣҲ՚ԣǨǹҰǸΪ֯߹ˣ׼βſֵʮ֮һʵʵĲУΪĴʱעеΪ˫ˣֱӼĴ̫࣬˿ʵ
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֪֮뵽ɾĹ㱾Ҫʮٺ»ɾԼ½֮ˣٺ»˸߹ɳֻһٺ»ʮᡣŚʾų֮󣬰ﳤʢΪԼֱɾͬʮٺ»ﵹǺѣȻܡ
ֵܽ겢޹֪СԽݵġ߿֮пԣȴǷڵıҪ֧ʮǮǲʮʽ𣬹ƥʹ͸ֵܡ֮⣬δҵʲôʵѡʶҳĿʱͣˡ
еʱ޷ȫʧģﳤʢҲȻƽ־ཻܡʶɾй֧ﳤʢȻֻصĹ
ڵϣһӣĸҳǨСԽʮɹĨǵἰӵ顣Ｘжׯµ壬ڵũѰĸֵҲƵĿ㿼ų̬ȣֻܡݺ顱ˡ
꣨1557꣩֯پõԵʣڼûзս£мĵųټ׽ļҳҪһģ
ЩʼįʿĦȭƣҪֲһûвսġʧλߵһЩ˾δˡƽ֡ɭˣϣȰɡ
ǲᣬԡЩվǻʵĶԵɫ硣
񴨵Ŀȴ֮ƽֺͳﲻÿɷ֧Ľɭɳһˡǲ֮㾭ɴ֮ȷʶԼеĵλѾһµĸ߶ȡ
׼糣ʼɾͽԸۼɱ棬سУﳤʢǷȴҲԴ£ǰֵȻˡ


ʮһ 
ΧԵĵص㣬ѡݳԶһƬҰ֮С
ʱɵԳǺսı󡣿·ĵطդΧɷмªľʡ
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˵òŮӣʹʲôϲ飬ҲǺ׵õ˵ԭµġ

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ʮ Ҳ
»Ԫ꣨Ԫ1558꣩´˶ȹԽʮɿеʿȻûǰҲ˼ũˣ˻׺ͷֲ
ˮߣҪķϣҪѶݣֲô򵥣ЩĿǰϡջԺҲ൱ڵġƽ֚㷢ڵũˮĻĵأ⼸
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ʱֽ̨˼Σӹ⽣ȻȴȻ꣬Ѷѹ̨ߵһǡ
ƽ֚㳢Σ·ӣֻʵԼĶ֡
ϴʹղһȻܼѪȻȴˣӼ֮󣬻ӵѿʼЩ㡣
㶨֡ΪӹⲢڽԵʣѾʱ䣬ʱʹҲ֯ҵˡ
µԼڳϡ
˫סһǰԾȥ񵶴ͷ£ȫѹϡ
֮УƸһӹⷴӦʶؾٵ࿹
ӲһһΣԵڵء˺벽վȽŸ
񵶽һ죬еĵӦϳڣǰ˵Ĳλȥء
˵ģۼĻɾ
еȴˮֻ֣ҲδζǷתϮĶоѱĴʳָȼס
³״빫ˡæԽڵء
˹Ȼ䡣ųҲʩ
޷Խ˻̶ֳ֣ȵðϣ²ӹȻ˹ĿλӢܡ
лˡϱԵĶһʩ񡣶Ƿ糱ۼãȻ˲֪ȤѯʸղһԵʤ⡣
ų׿һۚ㣬Եͷʢ֣֮ȷ


 ˵ľۻ
տ̣࣬Ծ֮Уһ֪֮
͢ĻֻտҲӣȻȽڣ꣬ųмڴˣ಻òͰࡣ
ųʮˣ²֮⣬Ͼ˵ȣȻܴѵõ뾩ᡣɭݷ˸Ĳˣ微ǰĻʦܷĵιۣڼְ˵ĴʿѡϡĲƷ֡
ںֻСƽ㲢޶й顣ȻҪЩ£ȴҲЧ΢ҪĻ֪ʿŶ롣
֮ʱų˵𾩶ľƴβţ˺˼ѰһȴżǰյĶӹ⣬Ȼͬ
ʷϵӹ⣬ǶΪŵļҳóıԺ;ѧǽҵϯıʿԼ֪¼¾ʹ˿ύͷԷ֮УƺҲͬ뷨
ƹѲ̸磬Ȼ֪֮Сƽ㳤Ě㲩Ⱥ飬ԲԣӹǼʶ㣬ڶгȤÿÿ۵һЦȤʵΪ˵ա
װ֮ʱ̹ԣ޻̸ȫ޷֮⡪ǲͨʣûбҪҲλĺôӹĻ֮Уֻʮٺ»ν΢ᣬƽ֚βŵЩͷ˾Ҳʿȫްˡ
山һ֮ʾڵУ䲻ʮȻ̻ȴȫȻͬͼΣ԰
ľƹȻζͬȴҲⰺ󡣡ٱȣڼʱֻ֪ţҲòѧ÷ЩˡֱСУԼϵľһȻҪİģȵβŵˡ
׹󣬾Ӵס˼ͣ̼ȻûĲˡӹЦԶΪˣȻյľϯӹ⡭
ĻҵӦҲڵЦһ䣬ȻЩʤս𣬻Ұˡ
βŴˣ֯ųͳһڹؚԴҲᡣ̸սӹɫ΢΢һ
ȷǿȻ֮ʱȵԺ֯㣩ս֮أǻţ˱̼;ҲܿӶǵʱͻ֢ȴǱңӰ·ŵҽΡҡҡͷҪЩԺ
ضľƣǷҲݡΪҰ˵±ӣɫʮǰԽһսضɼźӹհڱ֣֮ҵѸҲ۶ϣ֮ǰɼӳƽڵֻ֣ܼ¡ӹһ̾
Խβھ£̫ʱ޻ư߱δϣ־ʿʧǸڼԹضһļ䣬˳Ըο
ڹضָơӹЩ죬漴ҡҡͷȻڶ࣬ȻĵˡβǿȴǱ޳Ī̫ҰĿɼȻǳģڶѣʵ뱱ģΨңҾѣ̲ҢȻΪӢۣǱϿĶ֡
ˡӹйҲǲ̼սҺˡۼԷҲЩȻ
ΪΪΪ˱Ƥ֮յ𣿡ӹЦ

𣬱ֵˣ£ϰ֮еߣһֱеסȻȴֻǲӡӹƱƺ˵ԼȫȻ޹ص顣
һȻⳤֵļˣ
ּޣԲԡΪصǣѶϣٳٲϾѡҳѣ˼ӹ⽫Уɽɼǿ֦ľҰֻǿľϵĸҶȴΪƬҶֵС
ͷһΪ
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ǳӹպһóԸǰϷУӹƺҲĸߵ˵һǲġ
ޣѵ֮ͨôӹһЦֻǰο֮
ν֮ӹҲǲŵġ
֮⣬ʥ˴ۣ벻ȴΣ
㲻ݸָϣӹѧʶʵ֮һ֪νˣơ
ƣӹ⽣ü΢
˵Խ֮ԣӹΪ󸮣磩֮񹫷Σ
ǺǡӹˬһЦ󸮼ܰ׳ңȻ񹫷Ӣʤ꣬山ơ
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Ȼһ壬Ȼ£ȻȨɢּңվȡ֮οЫ֮ʿǰ󾩣ͣıѷ丸ȻխĿǳľϣͻڴСĻ֮Կõѣӹ۵⵨
á֮רܡӹΪĻǴпΪ˳ŶԷ˼ܲ˼䣬һЦٱ
Ժļ䣬Úȷ֪λձ߱ɱĻԸҲֻΪ̸ֻǲܹ˵ġ
ȥֻصĻϡ
ԭһλԼġӹͻȻ˵Щ֮ɫλѶȻǳ֮ˣͬ򽣽ʶͬȥ
ӹӽͼˣĪһЩϣ֯ҳϹϵ
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λһֱϣʶĽֻԵĻʦԴˣȥҲּġӹֲ
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Ȼưܣȴɲݷʶһ˴ξ֮δϧοԷȷʵĻԼֻһʿǲʲôΣյġ
ӹԴã¾ǮŚҴҳš
֮һ·ϣУͣһƫɵǰӹǴ˼̤ͣСǰźӹҲԸСɮǰ·
Īӹĺѣɮ
Ϊʽĳϣʱձϰߡ
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λʿȥ似֮⣬ϲŵĻ˰׿һۣӹǰڵ
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Ŷճ˴ʦĻ𣿡ʵ⽻ɮǴĳ£ȻɽճԺգΪĻĴƺʸǴƵӼھϺ
Ҿʱܣƶɮεºܣأճ˱Ŀ˫ֺʮȲ϶Ҳϡ
Ǻǣʦ̫ǫѷˣճ˴ʦȻĻ֮УǳͰӹͷȴҲ˵ס
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ɽճ˫ֺʮͷз𾭣Ŀתһϡ
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λŨСԭʱĻϰӹĽʱ
Сԭʱ
ȻԣȴСԭĵϵˣιŨػʧܺ䵽˽ܡ
СԭԶš˹ά
ƽֵŵģĪϷţɱǱӴܵӰ𣿡СԭʱЦһ
ʱδԣӹ⸧οСԭĹʤݾƣֻ˹·硣
СԭʱȴҡҡͷʿĲֻǹıԣɻȱȥԶҲȻ֮¡


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ĿݣոǿĵĴʼˣΪײҵ𣬸о
ɽճˣպ󷨻ϵڵ䣬ͨ𷨣ó񷨺ͽ棬ֻǼ̳Сżѡ
СԭʱʮǰŨػսʧȥغԵĹϰ
ߣնֲ־ˡô棬ҲżȻˡ
֮ճ˺лСɳǰ衣
ȴӽʼ˵𣬽˵ֱ󣬲һԾƺͷԵĿҲֻǳֹ
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βŵУžǳƽֵĽ顣
ȷˡɽճҲ˵ͷΪ⽻ɮϢɸͨβŵУƺЧǼң𣬳ЧȴǸʤˡ
ĿȻϲޱı飬һԡ
㲢޵֮ɫֻһЦǰǷǷλˡЩϸ΢ı죬ԭԵ
ιϸ΢ıأӹҡҡͷһ˵£ƥаˣѧıԣþӷӳսǷչʢũ̡
ӹͣƬ̣Իñ֮۳ǧᣬﳵǧˣʮǧ֮ѣ֮ã֮ģ֮շǧȻʮ֮ʦӡ
λԡӱսƪڶ˼սľˣáշǧ𡱵׼ܷģս
԰ԶƫϡӦһ䡣
ϧϷ˵ʱŨѾҵ졣Сԭҡͷ̾
ܴ˸Ӣܡ
ӹ˵һ䣬ͻȻĿĿ

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겻ˣƽյ࣬ǸпĶɣ
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ʦʺ֮ģ塣ӹճ˺ǷȻĻڡɮǰҲˣȻ֮ߣڽ֮⣬νɳ
ԴǣȻҪټĿ֯ˡ
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Ƭ֮󣬷ŷ²룬ת㡣
Ŀݴˣı£ֻڽ
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˸ֱ֮ۣ£佣ĿɫȻ³βشˣ֯ų֪ܹö֪أ

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βŴˣʣʿͲţһǰмӵģϧʹ͡
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ޣĿüھĿϮٹ֪УȻβŴ˲ʹͣôٿԵõһǧɣ
½ҳҪһǧأ
˵ղǰؼôھֱˡ
üһȴֹסĿˣֻδš
ûаֻ̻ĬƬ̣ڵ
ֻڱϵУĿδؿԳ˲š
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СԭϥӣԽβڼá
ɢͶʣ벻ʧȥصСԭʱȻΪ

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Сԭ֧Ÿӣ丸Ϊڻʱ˶֣֮ʶΪʱ
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ںƽϲĸֻҪΪٹ˷񼴿ɷʳ֮У˼ȫڵ֮ϣ˵ġҡǣȻҲǾٲά衣
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Ȼϸڶע⣿㣬Ȼϸ緢ҲѹڹŨ;ܹץסŴβ߷Էĺˡ
ųֳǰ棬·һֱûֻڴʱԻͷɨһۣȻû˵ȻǼ͵˼
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ӹ̫ˡֱ˫˵ˣСԭʱͷɭͷݾһľ¸ŵı顣
ȻŨػԴϺ˵Сԭ¡ң˵껹ʩ
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˴ԲӡľټͻȻƱ磬Ĳȫ¾ôȴǵУȡµ˳ǧȡȴС
СԭЦﰵԵ˵ͷĿ̧ͷۡ
֯ܳƣҲѹβأų˲¡һֱĬԵĿͻȻ˵һ䡣
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νġ󡱣ҪΪԪ֮ˡ
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Ȼε£ȴӢЦһ̶ɫԭֻǼдӣֻϸţż̳мҵ
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һ˵ǣղĺ˵˵ˣիٵȻȨı;󣬵ȴó壬իλ֮Ũϡ
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⵹Ҳֻ棬ǸСϽܼİҪ޸ԼȻģȴûʲôԡ
ô˵ǷȡϢˣ微ʤŮԼ޽飬ƾԵʡ

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ԼµݣܷΪ
ܵĻָδأ
㱾֯ų÷ݣԼЩУʱ˷֮顣
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ԾУ΢ߡ
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ǡӷӣʮᣬЩ棬˴˷ԸȥĻס
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ղʲôˣ
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ӹڵϣɫһ䣬˵
һЩ˰ɡЦЦαôأҪ֪ġ
Ȼͷҧ촽
֮Ůһ굽ͷ˽С΢ܿĵı顣
Ҫ˵ΣʮˣǷĻأ
һ±ӣǰ§סӡ
˵ˣȻѾˣϢɡ
ı֮£ٲȻ˼ζ


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ֹ˰ӵĹ򣬶һʿԶԶƥĿĺ׷װݵڵ·ߡеļʿҲæӭӡ
ƽ֚㡣
Ԛϲϲ飬νѵһǼҳȴһȻ飬Ŀ۵ʱ򣬻˴˻һЦ
ǰƽֵںӹڵΪСС棬ʵ˵ġҽʦ֤ʵˣѾµС㾪ϲ֮࣬ͬǰأҲ׼Ѻӵĵλȷ
ŵڣòʢŻδҳҲܿǰķʱ㷨ƽ֚ʮš䣬δȢ檣С⣬ǵ˸˼̸ȢЩС˼ͲΪ˵ˡ
㸩˴кֵֽݸӭķֵܣС
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ΪˣûоŮˣ˿ûɷľ飬οΪ˸ϲ֮⣬ֲ
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⡭˵˼ǲܡ
šôҾͳȥӭˡ
۽ˣֱŶȥ


ʮ Ū
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㲻վҪԶУҾһܸɵŮչǷҰɣ
ܸɵŮǴʱ֯ҵ˽ԺĿȻҪ֮֡ųЩСȴʵڲܾܾ

سǵʱ·ϾͶһµŮӣʺͳ࣬Щǰ˰ɣҲЩ졣
ǰհƽִ˵ǡ
ǰݣô֯Ȯߵ˰ɡ֡
ǱҹͷǳҰɣ
ԭ˻ǵЩϲ

Ц
᳼㼪赲ĵ·ʵŪˣŪ˰


ʮ 
֯ų̬ȺֶΣ㲢û̫ϡųǺʵߣȴϲŭ޳ˣǶԴͨʤüˣֺ׵ţľغǹ㣬ȴΣҲǻᷴѡڴ˵ʵڲԳȡ
ĿǰδܵɣѾˡ
ʵʷУƽոȥ⼸ڣ֯ųΪȷԴҳʮ֮顣
޳Ƿ֮󣬷гֵģһλӰ
ѾʷϵıľټҲδܳΪ̫󡣲ߵĥ㼪һ
ľټɣ˵Ѿˡ㼪֣Ϊһй٣ʽ֯ҵᡣʱǰ֪꣬޳ǻ˴ڵʱѾųߵСˡ֯ųһе֮£ҪĳλͬŵǨסʹ֪£Ҳֻ𵽼ӵá
Ȼˣܷľ㼪Լļأ
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ʷϣǿӲʤңƺҲûֹܹ㼪𡪡һͬƿ²޹ϵسأͨʤüΣ
˵ͨʤǰƽַɱ׵Ķܣ֯ųּֽҵ͸ƽ֣ΪϵϾȻһֱ޷ӦҲܲ
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ۼϲﵤ˵Ĺϵ̫вԡдɭݵһٶЩ֮ͬˡҲڴˣԭƵĳֹϵԶǰֱȦ⡣ƽϣҲΪǿ֮ƽ־Ϊ˺нԶβţڹؼʱվģֻϵɸάϵ漰ϵ
ǲǸϲ㿿£ͬʱıȡأбҪĻӦĸزأ
ǰϷʷòﶷӣΪ̫ͬࡣڿǰʷ⣬ʵƫ֮ġ
ֱǰ־Ħ㶼ûȫͨ

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󡭡᣿
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Ǻϵ
ɫ΢΢ȥȴ΢ЦʵˣҶΪβЧ
һЦڲС


ʮ Ϯ
̸ˡպιϷ֮࣬ҲԽ޴ңֱ;Źǰ޳¡֯ųͨĶʿˣ·ڣԲȱ⽻˲ţһ⣬رԾֵƫ͡
ֻǣյµԭԤеĹһ롣Ͷֻ˵ʷᣬʱʹȻȰʿ齵ȫͬ
ĿǰʲôԲֵء
رǻľûᣬȻƽַ㲢֯ҵسʵɣҲԶԶβŸʿҲûʲô飬ֻƾ֯ųﳶĴ죬ҪһȺҰֽƻ̣²ʲô׵顣
˲ʤҡͨʤ£ЩݸʹĻޣΥأ
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ǲбҪĻߵ̨ǰأ
ҪĻҪϵͰһĵó׼֮ŷ㡣ֻǡĿǰ˭֪ȥȡأ
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һҵʱ֣Ȩķѣǲͬͽ׼ı˴˽ڡʱҪһҪľӪΪҪάͬˡ̼֡ɮ֮Ĺϵ⻹Ҫʿ֮䡣
Ϊάе棬ʹ⽻ͺս֮ĸֶıȡµ棬µ棬Ҫʵ̡ѭһֹͣôھӣԲ˼档νˮۡ
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˴ƽַ븨ĿԾͱʮãʵһ档ȶȨ֮УԱĵλһʤطԱȻʷϵ֯ϲܳƵȶȨԶҲԿ
һˣе١ִгһհ׵ֽᣬⶨһЩƻдֽϡλ֮ʱҪ˼١мʿݣȴýԣʱ顣
ﶨҪ׵漴ó鷿ûùϻӺ
°鷿ͻȻһЩ۵С̫Խ𣿡
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ʮʮգõգ߰٣פ߳ǣʮգԲԪ˰ʮˣפҳǣΪȵгս
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ȻƻվҪȥʵʩġԺӡԤеʿδǹؼʱ̿ѡڣƺû˸ѡ
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ƽֵͶ˳Ӧ֮١ѵλΪҽ񴨼ҲֵͶЧ𣿡
̲סҪлλˡ¸֮ˣܵɱ쾭ģο󵹸أǣԭһ˵˭Ҫǻƽ֚ģɱΪ
֪Ҳ
㲻лӡ
ͬΪЩȻġԭ΢ЦŵͷӦҲѹʵļ飬˲֪֯ųȻǲ
ȴҡҡͷ
֯ˣǿɣȻֹһ¡תŽԪػµˡ
ˡԭ˳˵һ䣬ϳֳʮֹĵɫ֪ƽֵأβűҡҪСΪϰ
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˵ˣ˹֣һǣ;βţũ˵¡
ղԭһǹѻġһҲ·βţҲ˵ڽ֮ǰ񴨼Ѿʼע⵽ƽ֚ˣϸѼϡ
ȻЩ飬ľȴȫ޷ƽ
ӵġȡÿ˶еġ
Լ£İȻǲö˵ˡһұһᣬУٲȻˡҳŮڿʣǽ񴨼õͳֶΡ
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л
ҷ֮¡ԪЦһЦ漴ɫҹѾ̫٣λȥվ飬ϯ
鰡ⱾǚƻҪһֻǵ£ȴȫ᲻˿ĳɾ͸С


ڶʮ 
һҹʱ䣬ƽַǿԼҹ顣Ȼѣֻ侲ƣΪӣԼδĺӣӮøᡣ
ȥӭӵĶ飬Ѿ·ˡ˵ĲӣĿǰβţݳǵ֯ﱾ֮⣬ûֹ
սʿԣ׾ȥʣʮձ飬Ƿȴǵһ顣Ԫ꣬Ѫ͵вʶ˵ѪУԣ԰ʮֵذԼյءȻ漰׵ʱԲ⾪̡
񴨼ҶԼ˽̶ȣȻ֮⡣飬ǧᡱʱӦʶˡ
ȻǰЩԥ㲢ûеҪͶ񴨣֯۴ǻǸĽǶȣⶼһǵѡֻǣڣƽ·бһĹϵǿԼģǣ漰ĸأָμأ
վǺһĴﰡ̾Ϣһ˫Ŀ

ճ
ƽַú磬¡ٰеȥʱԪ֮⣬δʿ
󰡣Ԫʮ׺ı飬ָϾ޷ͼڴսĲá
µͼһݣǡ첽ǰȥ
ͼ÷αʾģǽ񴨵ľơ֮ǰֻǧ˵ķֶӣǳ̩ǧˣΪǧΪڻಿڱ˵ɱʽͻϮǧӳսͼʾĿǰԪߣֻǧ˿á
ݳǵܼ֯ǧˡ
ǧǧȻƣѾǿԷһĳ̶ȡ
ϸؿͼֽݳǵ֪֯˶ԷıãгʤĻᡣֻǣڻܹϢݳȥ
ֱظأɳһǧ٣ݻΪ̣ǧٶ࣬ͲչҪǧƣܱ֤İȫԪĿǣ鷴ڽѧֱƽԲõأƽأԲõԽɼν֮Ҳ˰ɣ
˵ȻǶԼñʮֵġ
ڽѧ
㼯˼μŽԪ˵ÿһ仰
ӵܴѧϰȴܹɾ͵ıβŵĺսģûгǧָȫĸܹߵĽۣ־ʵڿɹ
ԪӣŻʾɢȥֳƽַ㡣
£ǰǺء
Ԫûش𣬶Ǳŷ㣬վһ
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ԭڸпкθϵأ
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лʶ
ءԪ˻֣˷һΪʦ壬ΪβǧΪ
ΪҶԺͽ⡣
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ȡβѾãһֱδʱֱ֮ʱβż֮ϱ
أƺҲδʲôľٶв֮֮ӣ²ԡ
֪Ϊѩիҽ񴨵һŹس
̫ԭѩիô
̫ԭ䡭
Ȼ֮ȺʹȻܹһˣ
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Լ˶Է˼
Уأ֯ߡԪߣ֮ţѩիֻ꣬Ƿĥѡ
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أת
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Ϊ˾ߣ˷ŵ̬һ˲֮䣬ԭеĵ⣬롣
֮䣬ƽַֻã˵жԣΥֵ顣
£
ڴʱͻȻ
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ٿԪֻǸϵĴǸ廳ѵİб飬ƺûгֹ
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ѵǽԪĵֶΣ
̫ۣŻױȾأ
֮֮󣬼ʹȻҪΪУЩˡ


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յľ飬ƽַѾ׼μӣڽԪֵϯڶ޽״֮¡صİ״ҲӷƳ
վܼƶʮӣʮأܼǧ֪УԼݳǳǴְۡȻʽίΣ˽Ԫ飬ѾЧӦ
Ǵվݳǣ˿̶֯ҵﰡδȡΪͣδҲֹ̫˰ɡ
׵ĽԪʼ˵ˡ
żλǰΪ飬δβˡ
̻ûд꣬ȴѾʼηָսƷô
ذܰ
ѹ·ӵ˼
Ȼ˵飬ǽ񴨵һڼҳȻѾӦԪǬٶϡ
ȥ֮ڽߣз֮ͣߣάԭ죻ݳ֮սߣȥһ֪У֮֯սߣȫˣߣɱ֮
֮ܶչ鸽зͣͶֻܱȫֲпܼ˶ʩβЩ֯ϵĹˣս־»˲߽⡣Ҳս´²պ
ţԪӱʣǰһ״ж
¸֮ˣ֮ڣؾڱҷȣֻԼһز˽˽ףԪ豨ǣٹϵʳߣԼľʯ˽Խףģڶ壬Թ֮ȡ˰˽ǧϼҳÿһʱڿְΪڴС֮󣬴ϳʵбҾɷ
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ˣǷüأ
Ԫ·ʶʵ
ãʾˣΪ
ԭ˻Ӧ
š
ƽַ㾲֣ΣĿƣȴʼ
ȻѾݳǣ֯ųԤȡԡ
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С˵ԣҲȫȻʵս
УԪʩ
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ԭ˶һۣȻ΢е㲻ףƺҲʲô飬Ǿᡣ
һͨȥã׾Ƶ˲ųǰ
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β֯ң̤壬ˮ֮С
ԭղһǼֽƬϵġѹһͼʿȴ˵ûʵ˵ǡ
ԪȻ̶ƴЦ
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ǧ֪Уݳȷۺ쵽ʧȴԵĶǰֱӵＴƵĴ΢ĹˣͳΪ˷йߺ޵Ʒ
Ԫؿµıݣûгֹûõı顣
һϼվԳ׾ƶˮ֮У֪кǬ
ˮ֮кǬѵ¶ô
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ԪĿ⣬תƵϡ
׵ľԺεأ
ˣԼơԪƽͰ꣬Ҳ侲
ȻĿɼΣ͡
˻һǰЩˣȻͲˡҲûȥָЩˣ֮ìܣϲδǻ¡ο˲ǽ񴨼ͳεĻԪάβŵļҳȴΪβ˶ͽ俥ˡ
ݳȷҪһģ£ͽƽȥɡ
ν飬ǽ˺;ҽģǲʿǰȥֻѡȻԪȻҪƽַӡ
һ£׽ԪڱΡ漴Ӧһš
ʼգû˶ԾӪƵʱ飬֪Ϊ񴨼ҷɳڣ˶һ㡣

ıݣȻʮ־ʡ½񴨼ҵˣѾƭȥ˰ɣ
Ʈߣס̶ԩ
ƽִôôأСˡС˿ġ
ô㲻ÿɷ
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ϣиŮӼ޸ݳǸɵϣǿжҵʮ߷߲ѡ
ѹƶ
պҪƽִչˡ
ˣȴȻЧ֯ңѵá
ƽִ˻ǲš
治ݳλǲģʧ
㲻Щǣȴ᲻š
һҪҰعŲֺǺǵ˵ʲôҪתģµǿԴ͡


ڶʮ ֯
оʫ
ԪűӣվСɽ¹⣬жǰƪȻϲżȵĲ־ʱ̣Ȼй顣
ҳһǰӦʫӲʢ˵ĵзʹǲóķ佫Ҳٽ䣬Ȼֻǿдȱ⾳ӽ̾ûкϺԪľӣʱȻȥƽЩ
ľͿ֪Ԫ壬ȻôáֻһֺƣϣͿʼֺΡȴûмֻͣٻŮڰϡ
뿪˾ӪټҳʫᣬŮһԵࡣʱ֯ҷ͵ϮĻһȡз󽫵׼ƽ֚ţȴ֪ǲܡѾ뿪˰죬㹻Ļ֯ѾϮ·ˡ
ֻǣĵ⣬Ҳǽ񴨼ɹȥӺӵķֶӣֱڣȻûдκεϢѾ˿ʱ䣬ζýӵ˲Ŷ԰
ֹһĿǣҲѾӵ˰ȫĵзҲǱܺù͵ﵱʡһ潲ҲΪ˲Ҳ˵βͳһŸոѣ಻Ĳʵûб𣬷Щ˳ûѵĻʿٻһȣ޼ҿɹˣȴ˼涯֡
˽飬صѹ˫ϡ

ݳǡ
ǰսܵıݵ棬ӵʿϵ½άҲûֹܹӱĳ֡֯ųȻŲκˣ檸ƽ㶼⡣һʮ죬ǵıͻС֮⣬ûκ˳롣
جĻڲϴ
ʮգüѧս
ʮգս
ʮգƽ֚ǰͶеϢ
ʤҶѾϣ׼Чˣսɳȫֻ֮ɻ֧Ŵ֣άųճ
ʮյİһ糾͵ˣԳ٣ڳ¡֯ųĵذн˱衣
漴ʮڲĸһ죬һΣĶʢ
˼Ư޳
Ʃ糯¶
ˮӳ
ɲǷ˲伴


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ǹ˰ɣ֮ǰӣѵ֯ų᳤ųɹ𣿡
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Ǽҳ׷¾㣬Ϻͷְѵ;ȡ£ѧԪȡ
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ɾŴˣԵ˵
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ƽ֚һܳ
漴һС̳ˮš

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δˣ˵иղ˿֯ҵġ
Ī֯
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ڶʮ ҹϮսǿ
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ƽ֪֚μ֪࿤½ϻأ˵زԶĻԼһʱ·̡һȴǺ䤱ҹԵʮͻ
治רҵǽͷݰţ˽ԪķԸ
μһĿɼΰպΪƽֵļβĿɣ
м϶˷һҪǱ˴ǣưɣ
˵˽³ϣĿ⽻㣬һɫ̱ʮΣϳ鶯£ŻڨЦ飬ֻԾɲ̫Ȼ
ԺҪƽֵˡ
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ף񴨼СԭʵͻȻһԣǰ˵Բʵ
Сԭʵ̽βϢѾ˺ü꣬˵Ȼǹġ
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СԭԼǣ

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Сԭˣһ󣡡
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СԭȻػظţ޷ģ첻Ϳˡ
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ԲǧȰ
ƽҲһƬİӪ֮УԽΪơʱ¾Ϣ
飡
ԲԲ
ʱ𼸸ϡϡĻӦȻ˵㣬л޽ڵġֻǰҹҴԪ¡
ʱԪüǵȷǸϢˡ
Բɴ⣬׷ȥ
ƻڳš
ҹƽ֚ȴ޷ߵġ
Ӫʣǰȴץֱ˽
󡭡кμ̣
˵ģ²̫һɣ
ᣬȴʮֶӡ
ǰŚ㣬·һԲϾҪε
ò̰񴨼ҵǧ֪аɣ
һЦ첻⡣
ôأ֪вҲǵǧᡭ
ǰҴ֯Υ밢ǵ
ǰȲؽضĻͳᶨ
ôҲתΪ࣬ϣԺҲסĻ

ʱ쿪ʼˣȴ˱֮ڣѾ巽Ϥıˣ֯ڵ˽񴨵ı֮ǰ
֮ɢɼʮˡһ˵СӣԽ񴨵ǰأ۵֯ų¡
ӡĴɢţʿǵĶ飬һҹ֮ԽβŹľ롣
Ȼʱĸ·ʿѾ㡣
ǱģҲܻ
ųޣɢŵĶ档
Ǳߣ
ָŶϵķããĴ￴κζ
񴨾ǧ֮ڣȴѾҵĽ֮ƣиڷֻ֪磬֪¡ɱ˴ûһоҾӪ֮ڣҵӦڣ
ʱվ
һȡ׼͵ȥȡ
ʤǿؽʷǧ֮಻ǣȡԪ֮˵䣡
ųĿ⾼ضϷŵ
ȡԪߣͽٺٹᣡ
ร
βĺսµȼ
ѾϢ˰ɡ
ųγ˵
ɱУ
ร
ľ룬̱
Ⱥ
ø𾯽ҹɾţʱѾѬȻΧˣ޽ƿԣ׾ͱ壬û˵˵Ĺѫ
ֱȡб󣡽ԪСɽϣ
֯ųķŭ
ǻִ佫׷״³ȥ
Ӫʣס˲ӣ֯ͣҲɢңֻγʮ˻ʮΪһӵСȦӣϵо档
Ȼãȫƾʿ䵨֧ţ

ϮϮ
͵⣬˽񴨼ҵĽ졣
ʿ𵶽͵սȴﵲס֮ʦ
ΪʤԪѾ񲿶ӷΪӣǴǰߣߵģǶĳ˽ӽһǧķսԱ
ЩֻóʫļһµȻҲǿȥȻִƶʮ꣬һ޽
ҹѲص˭ɾξģʬΣ
Բ׸һŭȣγһ嵽ǰ֯ʿ˲ͷ롣֪֮ʿһŭ֮ˡ
游Բųǹڲ棬ֱѾˣػɣִ֮䣬ֻۼʮױȻԲǽ񴨽̳½Կ֮һʱȻɱ֯ϵɢ
׸ٵ˵ͷֻ֯࣬ҪңҾͲܣ

оҪֱ屾󣡡ò׳嵽ɱͷһ𣬴ߵܴ󽫵ģ෴ķ򣬡ҹҪõ˳嵽ȥ֮⣬ȻҪ֯Ļ
ӡһͻȻϵĸӣ򶫱ȥ
ų򣡡
ɱֱۣȴһʱûа취
žͿһ֧ʸɹ
Ӧ
ҰԪµջس·ɱĲԼʿһֻӡ
жߣɱ⡣
Ϊβƾʲôɱսʿ
ߵĶӳŭžҰԪڡ
ƾ
󵶹ӳѪ֮С
Ԫڵĵܵܣ߾ų̫
˵β״ͣηս߽Կն֮
ҰԪص˵ͷһģɱȵļ
ϣ

Ҫ׼ս˽д󹦣ųͷش˻У۽ǿһڸȡԴᣬ޳ȥҵĻֻҪԪһ˵ӣ
սѾӵĹսĽʿѾһǧ£ɢӵҲڴ£Է챾ӣȴͣ˼ս֯ռĿҲڲǡ
Բǧ֮նɱǧˣʹз޴ֻ֪ܣҲҪϲٹ򡣸οǽ񴨼ҵʿأ
һҹıϮϢʱ䲻һʱսˡ
֯ųֻʣʮɭ׷Ҫ˿ȴߡ
ȡýԪ׼кã
һ˻ųµսͻȻ̱ڵϣ˦Զ
ӣ
ųס˵ұۣһ
ϣҵɣ
һˣų漴תʧ˳С
㡭
Ȼ
£
ȴҴ
Ϣ𣿡
ɱŴӵˣǽԪ
ųҧݣҪų
Ҳһ˵ԪѾ
˼һҴʿȫˣ
ˣ
ųޣݺݵسڵϡ
ǰƽ֣ʱڸʲô


ʮ 
쿪ʼɫʱ䣬Ҳõˡƽ֚㽫丽ڵ棬˰ӵĹԼ΢
ȻȷǷУб޻
ʱûдϾ㣬ֻؿںͱ׼õͭͷֱõλá
һҹδߣȴ쳣˷ܣҪһºѹ궯顣
ľѾԱ䶯ʣµֻһЩϸ⣬ϸ⣬ȻӰɰܡ֮Ҿбס
ҳܹԼߣȡ£Σղ̫ߡȻëĿΧֻò޺ĺﳤ׽ǣĻᱻ뱾󡪡˵ƺõסȻ֮ǰйԵķԸʵηչʵϡ
ͻȻĽŲ
ƿӣδ߳ͿһɫӰƮ˹
ʶذѹڵϡ
ףƽֵҪȥأ
ӭģǸĽ񴨼ʿ굱ʮ£ΪϹսɱ˵ӣβ˿еġŮʿ
ǵ䣬Լ񴨼ҽΪпǳأ
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԰ȴȻȻ¶ƣ΢Ц
ǼȻǰء
΢΢һ㶡
Ǽ˽дԼ֣ʶسԾԭ˵Ļȴ˻ȥ
ޣԭǼ̫Ǹˣҹľƺȵеءжյҡҡͷ
ǰ쳣ȣҲվñֱ˵ĸоȴǴѾ΢΢⣬ڿⱣѡ
ΪһרҵľƹҪ飬Ҫôıݼɡ
ҹ˵üƽֵǾоӡӦһ䣬תȻǸҪ
˽֮£²Ϊ˵ա΢΢һЦЩ
ʿʱˡЩŲβ˵ļɣڼӵӵԭ򣬶¸֮˶˼˼Ҫҳƽ֚©ʹץѱܹԷҲοġ
ǵҲûȥթ֮飬Ϊּڴʱʹüʵڲߡڽ񴨼˿սȫʧܵĿԵġ
ֻǶԷֱ˽֮£֪αˡ
һʱԡ
ƽ֚㣬ǵ΢ЦзΪȣԷЩΡ
΢ЩŭԼӦøǿӲһ㣬ǿһʩȻ˽֮£Աɣ
˵Ա㣬ȴûлرܵ˼Ƶ̬ˡֻǣʱ򣬚ʵû˼ȥƽϡ
ֱ˿̣Ȼɱɣǻˡ˵Ǹǲõġ
΢Цѡ˸򣬻У·ȥ˽֮¡
ھӪ̸ʲô˽֮£ƽֵǷ̫񴨼ҵķأ
˼ƣ˲òȥ
ѵѧϰλȡǧ֪ô
ǼãԷзԼԣҲɣţǳԼһ䡣
ʵƽ֚ǷˣǾƺ°ˡѵҪհһô
㣡
˵ʱҲƵӣ쵰ˣ
ݺݵصһְۣڵϣתȥԴڰȫµĿˣʵڲϰ߰γˣʵΪҲѾǼ˵ıʾˡ
̶ֳȵвϹս˶ԣʵڹʲôѹ
ˡԶˡ
㳯żȥķǷ
ЩСӶڸԭܹ⡭ôԪѵûκβô
ʮ֪νߣֻǱαװҰˣûεġЩ߱ڻͨļһﲢڡ֮£ǵȡʮ˵սҪһЩϾʿձװ޴
񴨵ľ󣬶ڸڿƺϣҪҪ̲飬ƺûаƽ֚㵱Ҫӡ
ֻǣ֯ҵĽںʱأʧεĻᡭ
ԼȻӦ·ȻºҪ񴨼ҵǡ
ȴδ֪Ḷ́ʵ͡
ֻص㡣ЩƬ֯Ķڼʸһģʤްɡ
ǹˣֱʱԶϮĺ
漴ͺɱԽԽˡ
ȴڽˣʱһ
ΧȴûдĶ
˻ûӦӦøϽܳȥǡ
ȼ˻ѣȻܵ棬ûѿ档߳ҰݣȻȼƲȡеľƽȥܹ⣬ֻĻҪʱŻӵӪأ
Ѿʼʼټĺȥȴһ֮⡣
֯ûֱ˴
ѾŲͼͻȥô
ðɣҪˡ
ƽ֚ϵ»Ѻ;ƿȺټ㡣ѡһڻľͶȻó˶һдɢߣֻҪ˳սСѾͻ鱨˰ɣ
ҳһţûõļг˳ԪӰسںʿҲʴӡ
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һ۳ɫͷˣɵס㣬˾Ŀּӱƺûм㣡
νľĿܴ󽫵ĶĿرϢԼලı֡
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Ҫ𻰣ȴԶһ󺰡
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թϵˣ
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Էʱɫ䡣Դ֮󣬚һֻʮس棬ԷľĿĻӦûԼġ
ǰĻδ˵꣬Ȼ˵
Էĵͬʱ֡
Ͼ˼ˣƾֱ
ǸֵľĿ϶һѪӡϣ˺ۼ裬ͭһ֣Ȼ糤˿ڡ
ֻƫ˼֣ҲΪ߳˴ʱƽˮƽ
ûпԥʱ䣬ʹץոճΪʬͷŲſʼ˿ڡ
Ѫֹп˵˶취ס˿ڣȴЩԲʼջʺҺ͸š
ǾĿѵһŻѳȥضˣ
鼱֮ºұĻѻȻϹˣŶԷҲͬĽŰɣ
ʹ֮£ı÷ǳټ֮˿ڣεĲҲòˡ
ʱľУרŵĺڶӣÿ֧СӶмշݡֱӵĲƷҲڱеûʲô˰ء
Ҫʹȥ𣿡
ںʵ
Ⱥһû˻Լݡ
Ѿȥ֪ͨˣȴȥԸӴ󵨣ҲΪ˱ܹˣָʹȴЩ˻ô
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ϵģϲɵı顣ڻԱĻսǵԸ
Ȼ̰Ŀˡ
ǰƺ˺ﳤǣ㽭ĳǻþģ
ĪʧѪˣӦòڰɣ
Ȼί٣ȴ³һ䡰ѡ
Ѵˣ
ûо˿ԥ͸ı˳ƺƽֿס⿪Լ´Ѳݲݴ˿ְһ顣
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漴һŭȡ
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սӶ֯ˣǿƥļֵ²ݲͣŻѰɣΪ˱˵ȴѾˡ
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Ǵ˿βֶ֮
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ѪƺѾֹסˣƽַ˻ȥ
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ͱϻˣ
Ų·ӵġ
һ䣬漴ͻȻһ
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ƺӦ㽭һԵзڵء
ԣܾˡ
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ﳤײ֪ʱȥˡ
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ķӵʱ䣬㽭Ľų̣ܳʮ֮⡣
ĳǹײϰŚҲЩˤ
ţ㽭˻һ̱ڵϣһʱȻ޷
Ȼ̧ͷȴܶ֯ҵʿ䡣
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ͷŵģƺǺ¡
⡭Ҵûʲôϵɣ
µųɳѪȴȻǰһ緢
ǽϵ̫
ã
ų֣Ѿ嵶ӵһߡ
׷Ǹϳβţ
ޣ
βĻش𣬾Ѿȫҵ־ȴﵽ塣
ų׿˿㣬¶пЦݡ
ص޳˵顣
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кӵѶ
㽭ȫѪβܿɢĵƬǰҲദ˺ۣϿȥˡ
ڶӵ˰æտҴϡ
ȻȴҪ

һš
ﳤ̫վ

һʼǾͱΧˣĿ߲ѣǰ﾿ڸʲôҶ

ߵûʲô飬Ȼһ󵹸ĺ壬͵һ

¡
Сƽ̨֣·ȥȫС̫֣ұߡǿյġ
ûпë
Ѿ
һѪⶼѾģֻܳΪʬ塣Ƕ㹻Ϥϲ˭
á
ɻ
Сƽ̫ҡҡͷ
ŵͷ˼ҡҡͷ

ʹڵĺӣ˿ȴҲȥˡ

ӣ㡭
ǡ˷
ǡ
ɾгˡ
ð
Σ
漰µãǹʳ˽ȥˡ
ûа
ԷûдҽʦֻҪαװ
ô
ǶԷûлص񴨵ı
ҡҡͷͻȻԼѾûȥŭˡ
ֱһجΡ
Ȼ˵ȫԼĹǣδûоȡĳɷ֡
˿ȷսͷ֮⣬ûĺϢ
ļ֤ŻĻرųڲµţҲ޷ݹ


ʮһ ನ
ɱǧ˰١
зʿ֮ڣֹ֮ڣʧİ˰پȴ޽䣬սۣʤѡȻȡ˽Ԫ׼ȴʹ֯¡
ܴ£ȡǧն̴󽫵ģʮ֮ࡣս۹ͣǽԴϲΨл鵽׹˵ʡ
֮󣬶֯ųתƽ֚ԾļƻﴫϢ飬ȷϮ֮ǰܿǰơ
֤֮߳⣬ս֯ҵǰң֯ųεˡֻǵξеĴ微ʤڲǰ¼ʱȴ˾÷˼
߰˰̲֮סһ´ȣǰһɱ֮죬Ȼ£ǹԸǹʧӦ׹Ĵʹͣ
أųȴֻĿ״Ц
ɻػڣŷղ
ɷһسĬƽ֚оĵҲֹ׼Ҫ˵ʲôȴòݣͬǰȴǾͷ顣
սʱͱ񴨷ȷˣνԹ壬սϵǳҲ󰭡
ƽֵǺư񴨵˵ҾսܣȻҲ԰Ѵѵܽ񴨼ҵٺ»ɣ
Ȼ״üãңһ֣Կ²װɣƽּǱ״ҳôܺЩǽͷһΪһ̸أ
Ƶ񴨣ԲĸԣԶȻº͡
ƽֵΪβձ֮أ
㲻֪ư񴨼ҸɽԪݳǶߵĵ·Բ㱨
ԭˣˡ񴨸ʩһɫ䣬Ȼƽּҵȷ״ҳ٣ƽ֚ε²ǲܴİ
һ棡̲סг񴨵֣ҲԾ߳˼֣ʧ飬βſֻóǼѾȥˣʮʱ֯Ҳ
Ȼƭ񴨣δزƭ
ˣ
ų˫ۣɫæڵء
²Ƕȿ۵ġ
ߣȴ˺䤱
ƽѳѽʮ꣬ȴ֯ųвðۡ
ǧΪأ
ǧ֣ǵüʹãų˳ƺȻǱʾ׽˼ݳţȴ֮⣬Ҳֻгͱǰǰˣ̷޴ˡ١
⡭
³ȣϴӲױ̬յ㣬ֲɱܿ
ƽֵӦڱҵġ
ʲôӦǣ˵пܲˣԿΪ⣬ȴⰡԣУȴֲΣֻ微ʤĿʾ⡣
ų࣬Цҡͷʾް΢ƽһ㡣
ɴһЩ
˼״ãҡҡͷ
֪βǰңأ
ޣ
ųбǰЦһ
ͷСȮܹ˰
ǰȴ֣˫Ŀ

ˣֻ޵СȮѾ׼ع˵顣ųЦһƺʮָоġ
ǣ
ǰﾫӣֱӡ
Ԫŵǧ֪УԼݳλá

ŴµĲ澪
ЦЦ˼ƺ˵㻹޶ô
ѾͶ֮
ޣ
ųԳֺ
ڽ񴨾ӪĴƽ֚㡯թĻ񴨼ҵ˲ˣ
˵꣬ǰƺԼΪ⣬ȴԵŭһۡ
СȮųץӵϣȴЦ
ǧû𣿡
üؽţ𵽣
ƽֵ˷й޹պ󡭡
Σ
Ϊ͸ˡ
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ųÿɷתһˣƺǿҪÿس̬Ŷԡ
ΪһԲ
ʱſˡ
񴨴βΣȻ֯ģȴҲܲƽּҵ氡Ȼжģ಻Ӧ𷣡
ڽԲΪȻƽ֚ϵô񴨶Դ˻²м仰Ķʵ̫ԣ㵱ɵô˵ˮ׼Ҳô߰
Ȼųֻһۣһ䡰֪ˡ
ǸոսΪɭɳɱ
һֻµ佫ſڽһӣ˵ΪλԶеջöϡ
νȷķϻ
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նʷ־ۼ͡У¼飬Է֮
ȴ˰죬ȴֻ˵ôһ仰
ʱֵٶɺսţﾳԬʮܲ٣Σ׷׽ύԬԱ·ܲٵôţ׷󣬷֮һ棬ԭǡ֮ǿ̲Ա˺
жйʷȤβΪ࣬ȴʮ͡һųּʡ
ƣ䲻Աκ䣬ȴʡ֮֮ӣ覲褡
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תԴ微ʤ
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ţƽùİ
ﱾǳ͢ʡĹְȻսʱ˳ְ֮͢⣬Էλ֯ġܡǴࡣԷ⣬ҲҪõϿɲſԡƽ̳֚֮丸ţɲν͡
ֻǣǸûʲôĸ룬ȴû˻˼ˡ
Ȼ˵˻վ˾Գǣ漴׷׸ˡ
ǰ˷ĪĴ˴кҲûзϡ
ҵĻ
ȴ微ʤס
常ձƺôƺģкָأ
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Ȼ常ݲ֯ӱʣǹ٣ʵȴųϵĴȨų̶ȣ֮಻ѷɫ̫ࡣȻһ˵Եɵġ
ΣֻҪͺá
微ʤ̾һŮ䣬ʧΪ˽ܣֻǲʶ
ΪΣΪ˽ˣǰΣ֮ΣΪҪӸλ߲ͣҳον֮ÿ˶ȫ޶ģģҪģжĵҲһΪԼ顣
⡭
һȫ߸ڼƵʶ
ֻҪȥպλ˼ʹҪͶң˭أ俥ӽ񴨣ֻ֮ǡǵأԽ񴨵ǰߣ
Ȼ
Ҽ̾״͹ȥɣ

ݳǵĻ飬ƽ֚ڰ֮⣬Ȼ֪ĳЩߣȴѾԿˡǰֻӦ񴨣ȴ˻֯
һıȻǿóԸʧȴԶԶԤڡ
Уǰҡ
Ȼصȴ쳣ֻͿʼƺ
ߵĸѰú˰ɣ
ǽϣ컨塣
ǡ
ɾдһ䣬ȴûȥ
˵ɱйѫҲѾͳƳ˰ɣ
Ѿˡ
ﳤɾһֹ
°˵ĻͶɼ˳ȥɣȻֻǸŮȴƽּжģ
ôкأ
Ŀʾɾǰһĵ
Ч·ֻΣȴмʵˡ
ԣһЦ
ҲžãԼֻǸӹŰˡ
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֮ġɷϵȷԭ򣬵һ֮û˿Ÿɺõˣܵأ
ƽҰһŻصֱӰڳµݷ󣬷ںתࡣ
ʱȴҲһϲɫܻ
ҵˣ
ϲⲢΪҵˣЩ˵ļһڿԵʹãȻƽЩ
ò΢Цŵͷ
صˣ档
صˣ
ϮһǣҾȳˡ
ޡûʲôɣ
Ѿһ׼͵ݳˡ
Ǿɣ
ֻ꣬һĵ꺺ӣ첽ߵʩ
ʤˡ
ԭѹЩˡ
PS1ƽҰǸдɫʵĲʵƽҰͶòʵڵġ
PS2պļ߱ǹеƽҰ̩ûκιϵ趨˸ӡΪʾƽҰֽΣ̩һ
PS3ʤʵû˵ôǿʱ׼¼ˡ


ʮ ָ
С߽ȫ棬ûд
ʲôβŰ˿С촵أ
΢ЦǰӭӣȴûмֹԷʩ
ʤȻʲô˵ȴҲǸöԸĵͷߡȺ֯ի֮ǽͷݣȴ߶ûôβźŨ࣬ȴܵԼ̬Ѱ
ƽ֚µĴҲʱм׳ʿСвѶԷһ飬ֻǰ֯ҵӲŻȴһˡĪҰʿݺǰ;ְҵѾɲȥˣʷСͨľټͶ֯ңƺҪϼ갡
ʤ˚Ŀ׻ҲΣֻЦ£мֵܣҵƽִ˵Ů֪ڲѰң͹ˡޣˡʧӦýˡ
һƺαأǴ»ҪлС찡
ң²Ҿӹ˼ǫʣֽ˵ȷУɰҲѹּ˻˳谮ˡ
Ȼ˵ֱӰȲԸԵüֲԸֻ̫һ˶ö΢Ц˵
ü˹ͿˣαҪԹأ
Сæҡҡͷƽ֡ҷϽҵ¶ǲĴˣôܵǴ֮أ
¶ǴôҿҲϸȥɣ
㰵²ۣҡҡͷ״
СڹҲˣ
ң˼¡

һЦһʱ˭õ˼ĴΣ֮ǰû˼˶˵ϻģ񡭡
˵Ȼ³һ㣬ĵǲȻʮֹȴûʲôҪ󣬷·ֻͨĽѡ
Щɻ󣬵ҲżֻȰӽӣΪмģǰҲֻ΢΢˵ͷʾ⡣
ģȴкüӵˡ
ǡ
⼸סʱʹõĶȻϲĻһҲ
ص飬·˵һ΢С顣
ޡ
ԽˣֻһŮѣպҲƽ֚Ĳңֺأ
Ǳ˶£ֻǼʮϲ˵պҪ߶ء
ط·ǿ˚ǣ˽͵
⵹Ǹ˵ͨһЩ
˼䣬ⲻܵոչȥĺս档
֯ҴܶһȡĽβȻ˾ȣȴҲ֮аƽּˣν˫ȫ
ʲϣʵ
Ȼҵ񴨼ǸһǵʿҲǱȡİɣҲһ˲õĹ
СȴҡҡͷȻȷҴϮǣõ׼ȥ͵ģȴһˡʮˣѵأսɱȵҵİˡ
ʱġ
ޣβźʱ˵ĺܣ
ʶĹڣƺҲֳǵ൳
൳
Ҳֳһǰ֯ҹ£ɡµҲ鸽߶ѱˣϾȻʮ⡣
һɽһᣬһܥβ磬ҲֳǼ֮ӣǰļҳѾһ꣬ϣͨ׼ȡ֯ҵһء
ԭˡ˼֪ܷɹأ
СЦҡҡͷ
βش˴ÿ˸ʮĻƽ𣬵ڳ˵ȴЩȻǿͬǵγ̴ӣȴ˵ûչʾҪȥ
֯ųʵԸ񰡡õǾ߱ʵˣȲĻҲԵõСӿǶ߽ˡ
ǵʷ֯ǰһֱûʲôֵĻᣬֻڵײ˻죬ǱȴϸĿǰȱҳʱҪҪŪأ
ͻȻ̾һ䡣
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Ѿ֯ôʲôأ
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һǰʷŨЩ£ƺǼԺģڴʱȻի彥˥ȥάͳΣвڷޱɣ
ŨիٴˣصļԽϸЩիټҳ˳ȥܶǰľѣܵ
Сڿʼ˵⡣
ԶֺקһģҲܶԷǷֻʶؾãԷ飬Ȼǲϵġ
ǣЩѣȴҪľ֮зһ
ԭ˰ľĴ˲ʲôرĲҵֵ̫࣬ȻͲˡ
С죬֯ҰȺ⵹ǲ
ˣҵȲռı˲ŵԳͷպ֯ҶȻҲҪʵмصģʱ޴ȥˡ
һﵹҲмʶˣ˵δҲֱ̫ЩЩӦ
˲ǻիټҿѡô
Էҡͷ
˺α̽أԴǰ֯͹Ƿݶ֮ҾѾܻصŨիٴ˵ˡ
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ֻһЩɽǣիٵˣадù״
ʱǨҲٱˡνù״իٵڱӵķѾԺ󣬱ĪǰдһݰŨøŮ֯ų״ίߵ淨͸ųذæ͹ҪŨȷǲˡ
ᵽľ飬һʮʮ£

ЩˣȻϴ𸴡
¼һ˲ѣҲֵãȺ£һҪ󱣳е棬ȻǴ̵ġ
ҪʽݣֲԸ·ô˵飡
Щϧץ־治ࡣصǼٸֵܣȻߣȴֻں֮ڶѣսǿҶǲݵˡ
£ӦȥЩļǰƽ֚ʵ΢ᰡ
̽Եػһ䡣
Լ˵µĹ˵΢أСһʱʵѾ˺üλˣֶֻͣ˿ϼһ棬˵ܹҵֻƽּѰ
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¼ǰҰˣҵǰҰʧɢĵֵܡ
ͬβţ̸ʲôʧɢ꿴ǰҰľֹϾ˹ϵҪܹȥ̸ʲô桭
ôҸոս˽񴨼ҵ鷳򱱹ի٣СʲôĻ
¶˾ġʷʹΪԼҲΪϵĽݣ˵Ȼ
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ŨӪ꣬óȻȻ衭¿ˣ
лָ㣡
ָҵҿʲôû˵
΢Цҡҡͷ
ԷҲӦ
ǣǣֻͼʧٵŮѡ
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΢΢һ졣
ѵˣ
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һȺ˶һŮӡ񡱣ôȻֻһֽ͡
ü˵ɽںܥβǰһﶼҳŷѾɥˣҲѹֻ˥ȥ
ǡ
Ҳ֪ʲôˣұţֻһܥβֹǡ
áܥβں֮Ӧǲġ
㲻Ծ˿ȴסȭͷڵϣʮּᶨرʾʱѾ׼ԲõЭõߵģ
ôվΪƽּ檵˵仰İɡҲûȾָеòŮǲȺֻǷ㲢Ǻɫˣ־ںӸոе˲׵ټ֮֯Ȯ⣬һֱûʽĻӦ
ûʵ̫ˡ
鲻Խָͷɬѣȴֲұܿһʱ˼ֳжĽ̬֮

֮ڰȫҰǨ˵ҳǡؽĹڿʼ
Ƿܵ׽ԽʮԤ֧ʮ֧ʮţսʮƥԴ˲µıĿһʮһڶӶʮˣʮ˺ʮˣʵļֻоʮսԱԼʮԱָֽеʵٻҪȵꡣ
ҳҲ׷װ±ٺ»᷺ͶжݳƽּطޱȲطأõҲûп𣬲ٺ»ȴҪ¼ˡ
Ƿ·˴ǰļз֮׵Ĵ微ʤյŹ¡͹ټϸոõķأһ˵ϵٲȻ߳ΡһЩȽǶҲ·²ʿҲ׷ǰݻᣬһʱҳǰﲻвǰΪʱͬʮٺ»ͬšȻֻٺ»ѣȻид
֧ķԶʱЧֶΣܣոԪǳҰй棬㲻˲ŵҲǿһ֮ˣﳤʢҲʽתƽַ¡
ոͶ֯ҵɽһܥβҲʾǰ֪ԼĸӻмݹϵʱϲһΣз֮⣬ĹԹ˼Ϊϲܥβƽȳͣۡ
ʮ¹룬ʿ˼ȷֻвȡҪĶݳǵĵҲ͸¶ӽʱйٷϢ̨֯ųȮ¼޸ͷʢƽַ㡣һϢȻ²ʿķִ
֯ųһãʮİУΪó¸ߵĹϵҲʼעĿڲĻβŵʿԣϲģ¼ʿ磬ŵеİУȻλ൱ż
֪µķ㲢ûʾ˷ܻ߻ֵֻ̿뵽ڽˣ
һǰųͿҪѵʱֻʮİȮ޸ԼǿϵΪμҵĽ룬Լս˵ۣԭ򣬾һֱϵ˴˿̡ʮ޵С㣬ʱѾЩˡһˣν׺ɣųҪٳɴ£Ҫĸһ׼һڵݣԱǨȥȴҪٳɳȴЩƵļһõ£ߡ
´ֿãȱ׳Ҫٽ񴨺ƽĽΪɣϼһⱾʵҲʾҳϣ̽ķӦ
֯ųԴȻּɣǲʷϾʹõֶΣʱǰ˼ѡѡȴ˺ܾáݲ̫ߣֲ̫ͣ𲻵ӦеãƽַĹϵ̫ǰսʿɴҲܹϵ̫ãȻ൱ڸȴ𲻵˴Ƶá
뷢֮󣬲öڴűһͣд飬ƽλˡǶİٹʿݸպúʡͬʱ⼸ǵƽѡľӢֱųͱƽԨԴ
ΪǲµʿһָӣƽҲָƽַûȨӺͼ˵ٺ»
ƽּҵļбƣͱˡ
սĲڣ
Сƽ̫һٶʮģʮˣˣ
С̫㰲ʮģˣˣ
ƽҰųΣʮģʮˣ
ķڣ
ɾУһʮģʮˣ
ųʢʮģˣڶˣ
ƽֳ֮طʮģˣһˣ
챾ڣ
ųףһģˣ
ǳҰֱʮģˣһˣ
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˰ʮģһˣʮˣڶʮˣ

űһͣʮģڶʮˣ
д飬ٹģʮˣʮˣ
ƽλʮģʮˡ
»ֻǸִԵϵҲܼ˵ıӣԼʮҳѣȴƽַһοʼʽּеƶȣҲʹˣβų־سǵĵ֮⣬ʼһ֧ƽּҡ


ʮ ±䶯
ԴǰǴĲ֮֯ųƺͿʼѧҵİãÿ꣬µټ޳ᡣ
ʵĴչ꣬εӵϡҳ㹻ʸϯˣһں͸ĸҺܼƽӽİˣټϼӣһǧˣβ֮޳ǣƺԵòˡ
Ҳ˶ãҪ³˰ɣ
ϸһ¶ʷļ䣬ջȴҡҡͷֱȥ
ɾжȤ󣬺ﳤͻȻȾСΚɴƽּطǳҰС档
ĩæ֮˻δǨǸ˫ȷ¹ϵ֮ĵһλ档

ˣ

µĳƺҲѾϰˣͷ΢΢Ƿʾ
дҲʮͣƽλǹʮȻǵĻҰɫͱһԚҲԳһ㹧ƽųڸ似ʱ򣬚㻹ֻǲͯȴΪϹ٣׺ɣҲֻе˲ᡣ
ݸ˽ԼƲ⣬⼸˶óְȱ۹;ϵˣԻ֯ҵĿٷչ𲽵ӡڱһͳʮ˵ĶӳӦûǹġ
λǰض񡣡
΢Ц
ֻʱδٶѣλͬһļҳ
Ȼ˵ţҲȻؽ˰ݼּǵļˣԺѼ䣬һȥ˵ĶӶδ꣬ȻҲûжȥ
ǰμӲʱ򣬼˭ҪǰȥʩЩͷȴʶһ鷳ոͨţֻ̤ţһȺʿյǰ
ڵ˰
֪ʵںʱأ¾ǰϲˡ
ǰʱϣһˮ

һȥƺǵʱ޳ǵͬǣϸֱ棬ƺвηͷʱСӳԱǾɲȻ˲ϣϵȴǵȷڵġ
ǰӱ߶мʣݽ⣬ֻʣʸ˼ˡ
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Ź˼䣬˿ΧķӦ֪Ȥȥұʾսݷƽּҡ
β˶Ǻ̸֪֮֮УЦȴȻһǳ⡣
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»£ΪԭһĻ£ճ̣ʼ׼ֵߣȻҪԶ֣ȴҲǴ¿ʼæ𣬻˼ʮĹ򣬲ǿ
ڸԭ򣬲òѹѾӵļĸ͸ճýӹԼߵ
ı˺ɫԵ΢ӲһЩʣͱ㡣Ȼǻ񣬵Ǻͷ籾ͽƽͣ¼֮ӵʮֺʵġ
Ȱݼ˼˺λŴŶš
žͼʮĿˡ
ƽ־㣬һͼ棬պߵǰ
֮һֱûյӦΪˡ
Ȼǲͣϣ׵ֵܶףأδҲ̫źһЩֻǼװĺøУ֮ǲܻһ㡣
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΢Цǰ¹ڣ֣µعһߵĺӣݵǻЩӡûǴĻƺѾʮˡ
񴨼ҵɣѾΪˡ
ЩŵضܵܵĿ⣬Ҷ

Ȼƽ֚񴨼ҹϵȻȥƽϡ
ӦѾԪʱ˰ɡ
ǰ۾ЦЦ񴨼ҵֺƽּҵ֣ȡƽ档
常ˣϲˣ
ɹؼȫȻߵ磬ոֱӣȴһװİ
챾ϲ£ǲ֪жβŵŮΪ˿أ

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һĵʲá
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Щ죬ԸǰЩ컬࣬𱰵˵ô̧ͷһֻϣӵĳ硣
ǸʿȴǸˡǰֵܲͣʵҲԹύͨߵԭɣȻѺҪֲȴˡǶľϵĶӿ԰γµĿȴƽ
һЦͬʱǰȥ

λã֯õ磬Ĵ˾֡
޾ײͣףʣıԡȻ鷳ָʾɣҲӡĵذͰ࣬ȴһֱɬصͷžӭĹ̡
ͦĲְȻľȴס˵ı͡ЩֻΪ˻˵һھǸˣȺͬȴǱˡǿߚˣΪ˱ʾһҲףơ
βűΪ¹ȻеģԲʤΪ׵Щ˿ƽ֚˹ȻԵõӣ׷ܹ뵽൹ݺǰ;ĹС׼СӲ֪˭Ů˶ķ˰ĸЦϴ֪ܹ֯ȥҪơڱץȥ뷿֮ǰѾչʾ˵ߵϲƵųҲ˼¶ǣ˵Ŀ²ֻóЩѡ
һ֮ǿ·Ěһۣͽ뺨˯Լ˳صģһ֪
ȵʱȴѾ֪ʲôʱ䣬֯Ȯֽʮɬزɷؿڣϵʮá

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ʮ ι
ãƽַԼƽ壬޸֯ųĵܵ֯ﳤ档Ҳʽβ£ҳҸոսƽּңȻβŵһļ塣ĸʵ֯ﳤǺεʱ򣬷㰴ʷϵӡشһȻڼ֮Уɱȫˡǲ׵Ĳܡ
ӭȢ֯ҵŮҷˣҳǶʮ˷ܡƽַܷҷԴͲڿ֮С߶һ֮ԣֻŮʵ㲻϶ࡣ
Żȹ»£Ͷ뵽صؽȥ
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ǻָؽٻʵ飬ȴ޷ȡɣֻһһɡҳԭǽͨҪǽŷսѲ˴˵أʹźҲǰԽʮڳ¿һӾݺһұݣӦļʿԽ⼸ƽ»˵ĵλڴսǰץ̻ƲӺüƽַĹϵҲС
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ֻƽŬܶʱ򣬶ߵھӵҲûšԪս֮ӵƽԪص˸ǣͿʼµͷ̽Ե򿥸սҪΪԪԸûյ֮󣬶϶ƿ޼ɵɺ̲ӸĺһǧĿս֮ͬʱսʣԼҪ֯ҽ
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ĩʱ򣬸ʿæµʱԽʮȴͻȻӽ򵺵ҵϵҳǡ
ѵ˵裬ԲŸϹ𣿡
Դ˻ʮġ
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˵֮Խʮȡе̺Ͷұݵᣬ˫ƽǰ
ƽַ㲻ݡ
ԽβžӪ㣬Ѿһ꣬Ȼٲ¶ǻµĲƲȴ٣ټ⼸Ŀٷչ
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Խʮɴϲɫǰƽϵ壬ȫȥʩ

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ǡѧԻνιߣҲɽ̣ܽߣ֮ʾӲҶɽڹ


ʮ Դ
ƽַ¼һҳֻǱЦһӣʧˣ˭ҲûаͻȻ۵ϵһ𡣲ڷԣ˴֧Ԯ֮󣬾ͿԿʼǽӵˡ
нһٵǰս񣬲̫ģֻܷʹþǡĿǰеˣǸƾƵ
׳ѽ⣬ʹõ˰еˣǴ󲿷ְֻҪܴȥͲԸ뿪ֻʮ໧ǨЩ»ֱӣǽšǷĹһʮˡ
ԭϵĶʮ˱У֮ʿһνһɸѡֱѡʮʮ϶ʮµˣ챾ֱγҷˣǼ֮УûдǶأöڷʳǮķʽ𾭼ϵԭеȻȴһɷдܣҸ֡һˣȻǱ֮ڵũһڸҳһȻֱ죬ƽʱũսʱΪҲҿ֯Ҳطȣɼҳĸơ
û˶Դ飬ÿļʯʳĴʿʮ⣬ɵҲȺĳ½ƶҪӦϵתΪְҵʿռְҵʿܻܵһϵ͵Ĳθıأʱյ̫עЩոص²ʿȻҲְҵʿǴֻսû취ȡЭЧ
ʮְҵʿѡȡʮǹʮڱıơǹõȻʱǳǹų׵ĳǹ޷չֳ˵ʮ˴յһ𣬾ͿγǹЧֳǹĺܴټϰڳǹҪõļԣʱѵǲеġʮڱеȻĻǹֻʮ֮׼Ŀ꣬ʱЩߣ˶þͿȥˣҲﵹŪһЩȽΪֲڵȱ㣬ʱѹڷͬһӣԭҲҪֱƣͷֻдڻֹЯҲܿ죬ʵ̫СˣǰսʱʱһֻҪԼӰϣȻӦó챾С
ɣձûϰߣţǴ䱦ȻҲȱţƤţ֮ĲϣԸϹȱĹ̥ȻܲǼ۸񼸺̫Ҳ࣬Ȼռװڳɱ߰ϸʧʧˡβֻܲɹӹٹ۸Ƕʮһţ̴Լһʮ
ƽҰ˸еļʮͯͶ｣ļŵΪʽʿּȻһֱֻõȴΪáڲʺЯĳ
˼·ǹӭУڱڵݻٵзʿΣǽɱзͷǹļŽսȻʮ˻񣬵ֻҪչ߰ȻȡƶȣĿǰս鿴ӦЧġʱûиĴģȱɽƵҲձϵͣǹͨũƺܴ󡣶ҳǹʮ֮ڶǲȡվպҪ޷ǽһǿװˡ
ص󣬼ҳҲƹսڿʼ߰˸ʿʮǰսĸߵҲΪΪಢս⣬ܼսֻΪһݵѡȻԴ˲ǶʱҲûʲô취ҪǾںսбΪϱ䣬սϰߡ
Ϊ֯ųġݡѵĹͿ԰иűһѾ˶ʮϵھ飬дǹңƽλóǹıǿص
ڵ׵ͣ㣬ܵ򵺵ҵȥ˵ˡΪ֯ҵΧڣֻǳҰӣ㽭֮󣬷ƥսڵ·֮ϣʮۡ
ĵطմʱϰѡУǸΪͽŷȴЩԸתڽ򵺵ҵ̸ԴҲû̫෴ԡ
Ȼ΢Զһ㣬ȫ嶼ƥĻһ֮Ҳܹˡ
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Źɺأ
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زپҵҪصĴӣȻҵĺʱˡ
ҡͷ΢΢һЦ
ҵǿԸṩһ·
̫мˣھȥᣬҲԹԣ
ŹȻ⣬ȴҲÿɷЦ


ʮ 
ˣʮɰһûϸʹôأ
ԽڽķȻŲˮʵ岢ϲû˿Դˡ
ޣģǱߵʿֻǼˣ¼֮
ԽʮȻ˼
ҲЦҡҡͷԸϰ֮࡭
ޡԽͷ·ף漴ҡҡͷüνףԷӲּۻۡ
𣿡
׬ͷ㹻Ļʵһּɣ⻹͸ߡ
ô˵㵹Ǻܿˣ
£ˡֱԣḷ́ڲû˭⣬ȥύģЩǱˡ
ܹܵβҵĵطȻʲôˡ⵹Ҳǰݡ
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̲סʵ
⡭
ȻЩʲģҪӴ˽⡣
ʱҵõʱ죬һͷ𷢵ŷҲͬʱ߽ӣֻһͬǰ˵ıδ󺺡
ѵûд
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հ𾴵ĴˣҺóǵԣҪ롣
ȻĴ淽ԡҲãȥ鷳
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쳶˹ޡ˵ţָԱߵĴ󺺣ҵѿڵϡ
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΢˼һ£ӦóٿǵʵľƣǰߵĿӦøһЩ
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ޣǹҵĶǰ
Ȼ̫׼ȷҪֱеֵѡ
Ԩ֪ʶ˳ԾΪ˽ŷް͵ˣֻǽɻˣȻǸӽһҡ
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쳶ϲرŶĲʹޣ̲ס裬ѶԷ
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ΪһʿһҪڰɡޣ쳶ͺã𾴵Ĵˡ
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쳶Ȼܿѧԣȴθصʿ򽻵
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Ȼɵ̻̫ˣƺֻϣסеûŵĴ㣬ֻϤ˽ʹҽۼҲҲҡ
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Ĵˣ֪ЧһŵˣȴΣҵϵĹ
˵ǿԽͬ˵Ĺϵҿ˵ɹƷԳṩ۵Ļ

ܹṩǡ
ȻȽĻǹͿףǼŪֵĶǮ㹻ĻͨһЩŪڣǾҪĶˡ
˼Ƭ̣⵹㹻ܴԸ֯ҵʿձĻϽΪأԸӴЩƤˣûжܹȡġ
ҪĿĵĻҲҪһ׼
ǡ
ʮðطʣŷǾɽ̻½أ
쳶ǰ˵֪ʶѾеԾˣֻ˸εı顣
ȻҸ½ֻ̣ΪԶѣǸһǸľɽͽ
ֲ̫ϵ۵̬Úǳ⡣
ĻƼһλŵùĴʿ𣿡
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Ϊҵ׼ġ
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΢ЦŵͷȻԸǸӵǲȱǻۣѹԽʮɻῴˡ̶䵽
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Ĵʿңر϶ʮַġǸֻᵽǣ˲ûлʲô氡
ܻδ˵꣬档ص˵һҪһʲôĻ
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ԭڸӪˮģΪһЩʧȥ˹̶Ŀˣ΢ЩšŹٵ˵
ֺǿһȺϲļһҪҽʮ֮һ˰ǰɣеĸۿڻռšʮ֮һֻ߲ŻǸɶ񡭡
쳶ʮֿŵرԹš
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˵ǴӷɣߵĻʲôֵǮأ
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˵ͷʾӦʡӵ³üġƽ
ôûʲôֶε磬ĶҲΨһԴʱ顣㣬̶Ҳһ֮Ȥġ

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ƽԪ游念һвѷ֯ų֮ѾǶʮǰˣڻŵˣѾ˵顣
ͬûѽͳεӼϣڳƽӵ̬ƽԪѷɫˮҰľȻŰͬʱ̬ϸƫβŵ֯ǻصƽµ˴֮ҲìܣڽͳµĻߣƽԪá
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ǶŦڣɿβţ˿ӵϣǱȡô˳ǣٺòԪԥػش𵽡
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ҲԾƶϲᣬֻҪ֤ҳǲҪʧأͿԱ֤ûʧܷջ񣬾ҪʱٻӦˡ

С̫ҳǵʱ鱨ѾʱˣһıѾﵽ˰˰֮࣬Ѿӽ˼Ŀǰޡƽҵ֣ɱٲ䡣
ƽԪֻճ𣿡
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˵ǣ繲ͬȡҳǣóһĳΪҶ³ǳأ
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峿ͬʱȥ֪ͨȥϵƽңסǸСĺӡ
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˵ҪҳǣǿβŵĴǣ
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˾򲻴ģʱ򿴺ԼСҪ
ûģҪǼһĺǿǴ򲻹ܲô

ƽʿ䣬ҲѾȴȫȻ¡һƽԪûһǳǽͷݰĹڣѡȡľǾƾʯࡢԭñԼ֧һڵĲȻ٣ȴߡ
Ȼ˹ܾٵ飬Ȼƽ𶯲ѣԪδֳ״ҳȴЩ̬ʧˡ
ΪϯسľƾҴΣյĹŹĿ⡣ΪƾУŴα˶Խ񴨼ͳεĻгΪƽڲԵϯƣ˴θǹȻҵϡ
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ּ֮β漴ɣֱ˷ʼǣսҪƵоҪƽҵԷѻ߸ԪΪȡ


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Ӽ̣ӽ񴨼̡ǾĴ仰ŻᳰЦֻǶǵ޻̸֮Ӳ潲Ҳ˵ѪԵȷѵá
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ǶʿǲмıƵģԴɱ֮飬ȷǱıЩԼҪš
˵ĿڲţɱʯԶ˰仰㵹ҲŵԾΪŵĶʿûиӰ¾ֱԲ䣬ʺµ
ȻһսԷߵȴǹνвһԪĴֻ֮࣬ΣʵʵҪó֡ϡ̬²ףֻʤҲΪˡ
˫һЩŵĻ֮󣬸ԻسǡƽԪȴͻȻԸ˵
֮вй¶ӵ֪Ҿֻ췴һ;ˣҲ޶Ҳ޷˼
ʶأͻȻԼٴαõˡ
˵ĸպö˷һ跨ÿӵĽ֪ƽͨ֯ϢȻ󡰱ȡԿͿԾⱡˡϾʰȫĵ飬ǻܵǴģǿӽɣƽȷһˡ
PSʱƽԪҪĳС˵ʵҶ񴨵ĹһֱһЩʣԲŻŵؿ̻ҵİһһ֮ʷϵǸѻʵα


ʮ 
Ԫսת˲͹ȥ˽ӽһʱ䣬Զ飬Ҳʱĥ£ȴ۵β¹εȵ书໹ǸģµܹǴʲô档
ݶߴϢжϣƺҲڻȡֶάסЧãԸΥǵ״ˣԶݵĹ˺ȴ̫кˡͼ½ƣȴʵ䷴ʹþɳԽˡ
мڴˣƽŬͳһӵͬʱ֯ϵƵȴһÿɷ̬ȡƽԪױ͵ųҲشһ֪ˡͼæԼ顣˶ܿڵȴŨϢ
ի粡ĴѾ֮ãȴһֱû׼ȷϢ˲ͳǼΪͨıԵǽڵԵطҲܻʹþѻֶ֮Σţ֯ڱ߾޷ȡýչǰñҲǿսƽֶѡ
իٲ֯ﱱĲԿ»иı䣬ߵѡȻҲ˷ǷҪһѣܾҪٴοˡ
ⲿʵʱֻȽڲĵۺʵʵǰ˵ľ飬֯ҿʼ𲽵ļأɹʯƹɣׯͷ̣ǱձΪҳΪʧȥȨݣƶҲ֮΢ͬʱڽ򵺺ȵؽһóףص˵˽סŻܽ񴨵ƣЩβŶǽͷҲ󶼱ձΪҳ֯ҵ쵼ЩģɵȻһжĿꡣ֮ȴʱûмڶԸǲٲֵĺмֲóȨȨųҲûм֣Э
ħϵʵ䵽ʮʯֽϵı򡪡ȻвȶȻ٣ʵܹʹָģҲֻһ롣Ҫһĵ
ƽ֚һǧٹ֪УʱǧپʮʯͬʱҳغͱҲʼһҲЩ˼ҵսƽݻۣȻûвּصɸҵĹʵķǿڴġ
ĩͨ飬ҪȻº£һƽ֚Ǹһġ
ôûаѰȮ
һţͷһ仰
£Щԡ
ţųüëƺǽҪӡ
ˣŲæף
˴򿴹ƺһµˡ
ޣųʱϲݸŹ±Ҳѷɫˣ
ݳǵԺӺһλС㣬ʱһϣųƺǶԴΪԺӡ
ھ콲
ȥδŵӣķȴɬشͷȥϵĹֻܿЦεؿԼɷ
ӤĻ裨֯ҵ̴Ӱɣ
ͻȻһתۣʹЦķԸ
Ȼӵ˼Ҳûʲô֯ҽµĻⷴѵõʱûж룬ʾ㷴Ҳð
ųضŵ㡣
ɱҪ곤꣬ⷽĹµٰ̫
ӵװûУֻεͷ˵ԴҪذȥˡֻЦͷ͵̺Ʒλ
ҪҶλ̸һЩµģǾ볡ɣ
ǳЦӯӯŵ߳š
ųɫˣȴֻ첻ƵĿ˵һǸôŨӣ˼ƽ𣿡
һԣλʵʱ򣬲Ҫṩ𰸣ϣ˲³Լ˼λȻһ֪
˼Ƭ֮شŨһ˵Ȯɽǵ֯ҲδܹΡ
ųÿɷֻǽʣأ
ԷֲһѣҲҷֹ󣬲²ֱӳ
ԥشƽȻں油䡣ֳϷŵ̬޺ġ

ѯ֮ų΢΢ͷȻǱȽģʽ
ɣ㸺Ũĵԣ󡭡ϴζԸҵıֲӰɣ
ǡ
ס
ϳˮȴһ¡ô˵֯ڲУԼѾǸƽô
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漸ҺЩ⣬Լǧʯͽˣȥ微ʤһ˾Сų׿Ś㣬˵
Ҫˣһص׬ǧʯҲ֮ϲЩܹǧʯԽüʢɭɳɣβŽɡ͵
Ȼַƣܾò̫׵Ļ⣬¾Ͳôˡ
ˣǸһݷùɣ
ȻϷˡ
ǰͨҵĹϵ
ǲ׼ģ֯ųٳҲֻһѣҪسֵЩ֧ϵġ
ôԺصͽɡųòؽӹͷ㻹רķӡŹ¡ҲԽרŵˡ
ԭˡ׳֦Ҷð
ųɻҳʵţǶڽᵳǳУ㰵Լһ㣬


ʮ ´
һǮ˫£Ŀʮǰ΢΢ǸᶨΨߣԴ޻֮º󣬸ǰ׵ԺתЧ¿ʥˡԶ֮ׯӡ̬ۡȡ
ֻƽһڣ˺¼ʿҪǽ֮ڡ⵹񹬵Ĺ˾ҪƨĽ׼ѡһũˣ֪ݣֳܵԽԼݵĵط
ʮƽַѾܹİõֽ׼ġࡱȴվվڷѩоúǷԸһдӼ򼴿ɡ
ſڴһ˿磬彡ʵķ㵹ûʲôоߵ֯ȮӦýƽȮȴ˸սԽ½
³Ƕӡͺ֦ݻҶѩ־˷̤󣬱ڳ³Ϊɨ۰ߡ಻ߵˣҪɲ͵ũ׷ױԹ˵δ˺ˡ
磬ũҲܰһӡʿȴҪ飬ϵòߡʹǳҲҪż˼棬Լ
ƽַ㲻뵽һʣ
Сʱڡ
ݺЩ壬ʵ֡Ĺ۵Ҳڸʷ̳żʡʷʮֻԽԽأƵˮΪʳĶؽصũҵΣҲӦģͺˡ
ת˼£ǰվóһ㣬ع۾ȴ˶Լߡ
أԸôʱ䣬һᱣƽּҵġ
ԵİȮض˵
Ը˰㲻ÿɷֻʶصͷֻҪ㸹еĺһҲûʲôźˡ
Ȯ΢΢ףСЩп
Ըӣһк
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㸧˸ŮͷǵŮӤϲЦտȥͼץס׵ĸ첲ѽѽҽС彡ȴٿ֣ϲЦģŮ͸˵λСһۡ
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һŲ࣬ͿųĲɵ˽һεĹˡƺ͵ųʽԹ硰ѵϢ𣿡ԼôˣżȱһҲûʲô֮ġ
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λڿӳҼ̳ˣƺǴӱϲԶĸһ˴ߴǷ֮⼸ûаֻʹСѰҿε
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ȻĻʧȥʵȨȴҲеľ䣬ƽ֧֣ȻǴǣ»ٶԽ񴨲Ͷ
ԭ֯սԣǽҾƣòֱͬǣƣֹӳֹǿƵȻƽۿֹôֻ֯ʣս͵ѡ
սĻͻݵǸҵ̶԰ΣڹŨ˼·ƽ˵ĺá
֮࣬˯иǿѣҲδ˰ģ֯ųĲǿ֪ġ
֯ʱԻصŰ꣬δʶʮ֯ǼҲûȷʾ֧ųȡŨβػҲϸת۾ȥ׽իϿŨػְۡ
صβţųĽûʲô⼸ȽžԲβ֯ҡ
ͨβѵһϵдĽʣĻȨѸ֯ˡССƽȻܹĻȨڼã̫ˡ
⣬ƽԪȻһһʦ֡֯ųȴֻáƽƺǧܵܡû̫ӣĶá
£ӺĹİ׷ô˼ã뵽ʷ飬ŻȻʡ

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Ȼˡһȥɣпһ£ȻڵĳɾͣԸοȸٲûš
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ټɵżڵһ֧ѾЩ˥΢ˡɽǛgڶУǰƽǰ֮ѣΪ֯ҳˡ
һ֮󣬰úüҾ죬ȴҪ߶śgʦһȴϺнƺпڳ
һĺУòɫڶʵڲǸɮӡ
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֯˲ϲ˲³뷨²ƶɮƢԡݽ飬ֻˡ

PSң֮ʦ


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˶ãһЦʮĬذѴ˽ڷᡣרĻصڶŨĻ

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Ȼ£ϳһ

֮󣬵ʺʿˣ֮ﲻ뷢԰׵ܹΪȡòܾ̾еʱȴлͣΪҲȥݻˡ
뵤ҵز̫ԶȥһҲô򵥵顣Ȼʱֵ²ûɼ棬ʱϲܷȥݳǵĺ档⣬һسҲˣһ鷳顣ü֮൹Ǻ˵ɺָôأ
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ǵ㣬벻׶ԷΪʲôͻȻãͨԲſ̬ҪǶԷʲôܴӦ飬ȥܾ
ߣҲڿΰѻ˵Ϻá嵽˼ȥָĹӸµһݹͣݵ΢ȻǶݣƽ֮кúÿǡʹǸҺߣҲǲԸ˶ָֻŵİɣ
οֻǸҺôӵʯ㼪ǹ㡢ʤҲеˣô򵥣
֮ȻǺЦã̸Щű߼ʵ飬ջбƽ̲֚סˡ
βߵѩ̫һ㣬ҲŨǱߵõöɣ
Ŵ⣬Ȼô֪νظпһ䡣
ޣ⵹ҲδأȥǱߵʱ򣬾ҪʪȵöءʵβЩغطҲ
ʱȻȴ΢Цػش
ԭˡ֪ʱǲ̤Ũأ
пᣬ㻹ӲͷƤ˵ˡ
֯٣ͼΣһ첻Զ˰ɣ
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˽֪ƽּǱŹǣαǫأ
ԷҲʶػؾ
Щѣӣľİ
ʵŨˣϾǱҾӪõذ
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ҵȻϵϼˣҪ޷ʱաֻҪұ˵̬ƣҲǳ顣

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֪ŨǱأ
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㼸ǰʵȫ͸¶ȥֻ·ǳ΢С
ޣ֪ļɮأ
״ȴû̫Ȥǹƽ̫֚ˡ
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λ촨ʦΪƽ֚ü״
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Цҡͷ
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ŵӣ´󶨣ûˡ
˵ԳЦЦʵŨΪ⣬һ˲˼Ҳûм㹻зˣҪ
˵һϵѾˣҲѸղŵһݣοʵһô᲻֪ɮ촨ϲأǵû˵ҲںϷӰ
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̫ˣô˵Ҿֻӻȥˡ
ûӪ໥Ȼһˡ
PSֻڶոδĴ󽫣˲ϣо˳ո󹬡š


ʮ 
ȥûãɵ棬޽֯ҺͶŨԶɽ߼֮Լųѡλ׾еŮӣֱ޵ҴǺľǣʹԶɽϳΪ֯Ĳϡƽ֚´ʯҲö˻˵˼·ֻʣ˫ļȷ
֯ҴӴȻ֣ƽ֚ʱޱȣЩӵĹϵֻת밵ûжϵҲ̽һǸšˡʷһһ뿪ƽҵ˲٣˾ᲢۡȻȴûʲôջҲȻ˴ʱлǣûʶ
βߣٳɽ˵˶˷͡ȻǷҪö࣬ϾǰУֻ˳ˮ۶ѡ
üΪ佫Ľ֮ĦƣҹݳǷŨټҲûеȴ̫þ͵óԸ·ѮիŵϢų˶Աβ³⣬Ϥ󡣾Ȩʿ²⣬ĵص㽫ŨŦİ˿ƽ֚ͨһЩ䣬ϡжϳսλúܿɭ帽
ţһλ벻Ŀˣǡ
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ھڵܵǰֻޱȡԹۣܵܵʵ͵λѾԶԶϣ˽ۡ⼸жֵأ
ٰȴţݸоʮܵġ
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󰡡
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ǾͶлˣ
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и簡
硪硪
ȴʼʧܡѩǧڲһ࣬ѾиĸĵضߣڸȴʮİڳﲢûҪôƺ
ƲѵθɴεǼЧܿ죬ѩǧʱ˵㻳ȥ
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ӺЩʵ˼ʮ»̥ŮϲףΪĸȻοʧġ
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󰡣Ҳ㣬ҪԶ㣬ֻЩ飬ʵڲ֪
⻰˼ͲˣһʱҲû̫ϡ

֮󣬚Լݳǣʱ󲿶ӻûмϣҲǧ˵Ĺģ֮ͨǰȼ˼λͬţرһǰʾѪԵǱߵģҵ˵㣬߼ڻ飬ҲһӦȴ룬ν˽飬Ҳһȥ齻нġ微ʤҲͨ˵˼仰
ȻǵһȥԽԽˣ깲¹ˣڶ붼ѾȥһˣոǸLmˣԪûá
֯ųʮֺش˼УΣӭӼҳʮˡȥŻܽ񴨵ʤͼŨеի㲻̸ЦܣųΪܵ飬ǴҪˡ
ϵ˲ˣųŵӣôҰ
Ҳ֪ˣŨիѾˣǱҶȡƬҵʱ
⸱ЦĿǴ˵䣬ڴϵټ񴨴ϮҲֻǳš˼ʮꡱسѡ
һȡȻǿϾңԶիȴڸ涼ʤų
⽻λŪˡ󾩴򡱵ĸ߹٣͡ڡְۣ֯ȻܵʵȡõͲˣ
ıԣիŴγɹɿ֯ҵ뷴һһβʵ෴ŨȴӪһ飬Բ룻
ۺս֯ųԮʼ»̽ԽһǱԷɱܡֻΪիߵĽȤûлʦ¡
ħŵ㣬ܹʧѧϰԷֶΪá
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Բʲô
ųÿɷĵʹ微ʤһۡ
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ѵ˼Ǿ߰ɣҪûʲô£ĸҪһܷ
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л¶׼
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»ʮգ֯ųŨիɥʱʱıʱ䣬ի⧲ȷǧľվͿŨİ˿
գիټҴ󽫳ءձҰҰʾðŴīٶһפɭųֻŰǰ鿴飬ожɺӣʿƶӣЦԻͣȫ̴ܵоȡձҰ׼һʮߡսҪīٶоͼݴ͡
սгƽΣȡ׼а̴ձҰʵͬŶһ۵İӼȾηԻͯӡ
һƬãƽּҵʹȴͻȻھУ˵ǻвµİȮ岻ʣ֮ݡ㱨֮ųȻɫã׼ĻȥֻǲӰġ


ʮһ ҹ
ֻ˶ʮƽַ㼱ٻسǡδ£;ֱȥ
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ȮӦһ䣬ڷϣ˯ˡ

ҹܲ꣬ҳ£˿߰˯˲صϢȻû˿⴫˲֪ˡλŵķˡ
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ҽδ˵س꣬κսж٣ѵûаԹ𣿡
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峿ոͣʱͻȻиŮܹ˵Ƿ˰Ȼˡ


ʮ ج
֪Ǻԭ򣬾ڷǰ߸ϻҳǵϣȮ˵ͻȻתҽʦʱȷѾˣ̥λҲûг⣬ֻܽΪˡ֮£һ˽ʹ͡
ż˹˰գ˰ʱ֣ڰעڽеսϣǲȥϢŨβƽԭϣۣʮѸݣһҲҹĹ
ǰߵϢҲǷǳ֡ɭսû죬իټҼеӣפʮ֯ţͬʱɳ𶯶Ӵ򷢶ҹϮųľơ֯һ·ˣիپ׷ᣬǿ֮ĩʱȴͻȻԮնɱз̴󽫷RҶֻսΪ̸
ųΪʤֵȵ˺ӣһ˵Ĵ󲿶ӣٶȹŨիټңһʱȻҳֻˡ
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СӳȡµļԷ̴һˣνͷΪǹտ˸ͯӡڻƽ־ͷصԸǵó
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ʮ֮ȴ˵֯Ұܶ顣㾪֮࣬æǲҳȥѯʺ̽飬չ򣬵õ汾鱨ܽŴԵó˴µĽۣ
࣬֯ҳʤ׷Ҷɽ֮£һʱȴҲûʲôǵĺð취ֻǲϮšʱŨΪ׵ļҳ׷״£ųۼתΪس׷ʧˡ
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βߣҲġϸǣʮ֯һռһϷ磬з˵ߵڰأǴսֳɫˣиոðͷƽҲƵͷ˼⣬ǺߡͯӡڻǱߵġá
վγ߶ԼսʤĹ档
һϵ̬ʵ˿Цãٴ֤ˣսֻεεĿǣʤҲתġ
PSаΣһȱ߹ֱ͹ˡݹʷڼϵȷŹ֮Էȴûʲô˵ȲǴ˵Ǹ׿ԽġµһʦҲȫȻĳЩ˿еġĭⱾﲻҲ
Ȼû칦򣬷̾û취ЦˡΪŨիټսУһϤ֡ƽ־㡣֪Ϣ֮ߣڰ·ʱ򣬾˻ر˵ݳѾȷϢ
ֻԼҪϵ

ݳǡ
֯ųµڵУУسȴһԲɫϾȻǸղűݺѵˡ
ž֮ʱ񴨵˲ü˴սܣʶ׷ױʾվȻٱŬȷʤųȴԴ˴
Ȼ²µó˼ȴԸ潲Ϊڴ˿ֳ̱ǵɨ˲˵ӣ粻ϡɣȻʱܳùͷ
˰죬ųûģָЩسȥתȺ̴кοиľټɵķǰԼȻų˼ҲûгЦһ䣺СжҲ̴𣿡
ʱƽַŸոտϵͿسȺš
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ֻôѵ˵ְ֮
һ棬ֱ˵ʵ
ûмƽʲôʧ񣬷üüһԡ
ǵֻԭǰӣ˵ʱȻ˺档
ǸˣѵǵȴȫԱȻŻ𣿡
ƽַȴǲģ׷ʡ
üһҪ廰ȴں档Ȱ˵
Ҳֻܱ֤İȫܹ˼ˡ
Ļÿɷֻǽʵ
ʲˣ˵˭أ
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ʱɫ䣬Ȼ
β֯ʮսĲֳֻʹҪǺҲիټңûеֱߵ˾Ԯ
üʢҲ̲ס廰˵ս֮ϱǸ˭أ
ĬȻƬ֮Ϲʩһ
Ǹʧ̬ˡ

ھҵʧǵΣһãȻ⡣ѹźʹޡ
һ棡
˸߷㡣ѪԵϵ常˿ûκξơ
˿̷侲ˡ
һˣؽδǻͬˣοƽ־Ĺϵ
ǰĵ֮ҲûйЩ


ʮ 
ƽַ㰲μ䣬Էȴ᲻ֹ֮Уƽ־ֵһϺ档Ȼ񴨼ҵѪһ޷ıġ
ƽּ־سǣ֪ǧʯ⻹һǧʯҵĵ̣£ܼǧʯʵļᡣʵƽ־ûʲôǻһΪļҶܴܿ֯ͻͽĿ쳵ΪسҲδ֪
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ƽַĿǰһĹϵãҪǣϵף˸ϵȻһݱϵͳȥƺ޴Ϊ
ʮǰһǰһĪȥһ棬ݸᵽ֯ųָϡ
ǰŲ£ˣȷƽּ־سǵļ̳Ȩֳµӷֲ̨
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ΰ
常
ӣͬ񴨵ϣǹ˰ɣ
ô˵Ҫ̽Է⡣ȻѾ¶˼ҪֲֳӼ̳УӦԹͲģǰ˵ԣҲע
ģոƽΣֳָ߽ӵ飬׿ڸ˵ˣ常ûлһǸһһеҪˣҪȥ˶ǿдЩ˶ˣ
˳εָȥƽּһŵʿ䣬ȴȻĬεĻ
ȷ˽һ桪ţǿҶ顣ƽ־ʵŲĽ˵ǸϺ˸󲿷˽鶼þԮܻᵼµʧܣʧԹϾܾ
վڷεĽǶȽ񴨹Ȼɺޡվ֯ҵĽǶȴͬˡƽַڵλãǶôһ˿ˡ
˼֮ʱͻȻиˣܵǰ¡
ˣ֯ǰˣҲడҪֻݹǲܵˣȰȰٵƽΣɣ
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ĬĬ˵ͷ
Ļôô˽ֳǻ¡

Ķӣ͸һ㣬̳ȨȻʡȻĿǰҪЭų׼Էڡƽֶַӣ߽ݳǡ
ſڵΣȴʮΪѣԼʾǸİˡ
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ȴλѯʱֲ̿ѣҲְڣ˴
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ʮ ƽּҵ
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ƽ־ɥ񡣱ȥֻ˵塣Ｘûһϯ˼ҳǰ䣬ҲֻǿښϡԵ¼ʿԳߵǰѡûйģŵڵؽύǵûʲôģȻ̭ʼߵʺĻ
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СšԻӣ֮֮ѣŪ֮谡νġŪ֮ϲ
ۣͰȮĺǰȫԸǸӤʱӤֻĽأɣһ600gûʲôֻ֢ǵЩˡ˿ȥ̳и׵ЩˣֻܰοԼ˵ԳһԱǽⲢǲӳǿ͹۵Ҫ
Ůֻǽ͹ˡճȴһʹܳɳΪ֮ҲҪس֮ţпܸȫҴѡ
һʼȡõģӱǧ衱ûʲôĺ壬ֻǰƽּҵȮ˲٣ȻǽȻפҽʦҲΡ
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κТĵذϺ꣬ϱʱڣһԸĸͺƵʱʵۣҲΪǵʱΪһλΪ˳׺ĳɷ֣ͬʱԭһͳΣѱκĹӱƽǣɽͬжǨƺ
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»ĩʱ䣬ĸֲϵر仯мѭͲ׽ӰҲڸ
ոմβŽŨ˳˹ɣļҶիˣȴҪϳٵߵİؾͶԴ˷ǳĴǷɣ²̨ȻնһϯȰ²֮ìܵѾˡ
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իʧ󣬲ǱǣǽĴ̸


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Ȯɽǵǰߵǣ߹ٵҪʱ䡣ص˳žһƣ롣
֯ųҪʽһЩ̵ϵˡȻǰƽܵӲֺͲ˵йֻ֮˽µĳϣҪȷλҲΪ׼ȻνֻǸһ̨ĻѣȻԸ
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ȻɽЩݹϵǚһϲȵĹġܥβ絹ÚͣΪ˵Ĵ֮ͬƽ͵
ǰֻȽϣɽһᵹԵ˳ˣϾͳŵڳȻнȡ֮ĵҲֻ棬ЩͶȡɵķԚ̬ȱ΢һ㣬ɽʮϲˡ

ҹ󣬚㷵ңŷȮڰοۡһԵĺձ
֪ʱӡǸųСѾͷҲʼһҼҵĸԡǵĶŮԣԽԽСŮˡ
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һʱ˲Ŀټ֮ǰƣǽƽ֚㡱ţһȸǹͷ޵ġˡ㡣

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ȻСŮȴҪʲСνġȢȢ£ɫͬ
ǡΪҵŮӣоˡֻɡ
̬Ⱥְ΢΢Щȣֻͷ漴Ŀ糺
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Ҳƽ̫谮ŮԾԵЩԶˡ
ˡźЦһЦ˵Ҳøǧѧʵˡ
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аŴͷҸ͵Ǯ㣬Ĳ
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ƶɮ޴Ⱑܹ⽻ˣΪسϵĴ𣿡
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عȻˬ˵̫αˡ֮ݸȴֻһЦô±ֱˣ϶Լ
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ѵҰԾͰ;ôΪһʷϷң㻹ʮҵĹԴġ
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ڰŴ֮丸ѷ֮¸ʤ֮ô
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顱ԷԿӵĽϣǻˮ֮ƣʷΪοƲ߳ɹĿ൱ߡϾŨµɽȵҵнɽĿӹأ˽֪˵
Ǵ£̶ֳȵ⽻ϼ͸¶οżڲͳһɽȻˬȴûеˡ
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ר϶ħߣǨСɽǵľϣԲʹһЩթġοǱأڲ׽񴨵Ĳ̳ǽԪŮ
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ԽɼȻųƾ޵УǺ޴ػתƵĽȥɣܱ߾ʮ˽̬
ɼȷǲԽ֮ĳƺţռƱսʮȴͻȻ۽㹻Ķ֡˵ɽϲ羴֮⣬һ仰ȴ¶һ㽾ɼ㹻Ķ֣֮⣬֯ƺǲڻˣβŶʵǸϢ
ֻǲ֪ǹ̬ķɡҲߵĿԸһЩϾҲǸͶʿڸӽƻĶǰʵںѳڲĻ
˿ɼӦûĵȡԽСӺأַֻϡȻ˵Ի·ȫɽ̬֯ȡ
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ļʶ֪֮£֮ǣȻԲ޵ȴҲǵ˲ýȥġ
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Ũɽأ䲻㣬ֻǧʿ䣬ʵڲñ֮ء
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ѵһﻹûɼôٸʮ꣬ӦûȢްĪɪʧгŲؼԸԣ㲻ز뵽

ѩأɽҰţ޴ඬݣҰȴڰããصĽӡȷǶĺʱ
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Ľ׼ܲϲԣѱӥʱȺ԰ã֯ųͶԴ˽ԣӳгȦʮֻӥƽ֚ѪϷһ²ߡ˿ǡš͡ʴȡȻʵԭǷ˾ֻеԼ֪ˡ
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ⲻ˵⣬ĳ̶ֳԴ⽻ԡ
ôһֱε˺üʱߵһƬûȥ֡ʱɫӳѩ⻹ԵúҲԸоӽˡ㿴˿ǰδ˵ɽסˣ
أǵҹ䣬ҪȥûôˡܶҰҲҹеİ
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ԼԿмҺɫӰ߳Լ߳߸ߣͽ˶̵ֶ֫ȴ൱ٽӽһ㻹ֱֳܷëǰ˵ĹǣԼϷһ㱻Ұڼϻʨӵķɣɽеһԡ
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Ȼ˺ĵǰ棬ԼηֵøһأǼȥæԼδεֻǸʮףùѻЩ޵Ųλ
ȻŸոǰǸɽʿͻȻһŲȵɵѩˤڵأµĿȴһֻҰ˹
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ҶԵķΧɽ´תֱ߾벢ԶּҲûʲôѷֱ;
ɽѻӵһֻҰ޿Ś㼱ҴҵĲ߸ֳһЦǶԷһαֳҵһ

Уҩ𣿡
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һʤ߼ѵԥʲô
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ޣޡԭˣԻʳŮ֮ɡ
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ӷ𣬷ʺ񣬲ҵġ
ȡҩښϣȴû˼Ϸʣתӡ

¡Ҫ
¼ȨҲͲҪˡ

ŵۡ
ŮӵǵСɳҺмˣһСеĹͷϣҲδŭֻҡͷתŷʶȥиɮȡ
ʦ棬Ҵˡ


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ȵתůӴѩǵɽ߳ʱ򣬴Ѿˡ
ֱҲˣƽ֚뷨Ρȼݡ֮ӦòСȻŮӽȴԽĬˣÿӦ֮˵֣Ҳռı仯ȻĳжϷʽʿϣν̲
㲢˽ԭ򡪡ȷе˵ǲ˽ԭ֪֪£ʹʵ֪Ҳ֪֪£ʹʵ֪ǵ츳ܡ
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Ǳֵ̫ܣȻڹ죬Ƿâ¶ľ֣Ҳܷش֮ĴպʵƽⲢףĳΪɵϵļһⷽһò
·Ũβţ֮ǰ˳·ǰСɽǸ
˳ţȴвʿҡͷ̾Ϣ߳·ǳʲôؼԵİ̡ѮĲʤҲǻججӣŶкȴȫӵ
⾿ǡƽ֚ɻ󲻽⣬æסϤѯʡ
֪ʹͳȥҲֲң⡭˵ˡȴҡҡͷû𻰾˳ȥ
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ԽãĚ㣬ֻ˴微ʤ
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常еǡ
һʱһʱʱ֯ųҪ˰ѹϳĽ׶ΣڿȫһˡᣬҲ׼ԪõĺһЩϵֻʵڲǵط
ҲҪʲô棡Դһͣ³ɫҲаˣЩȴͨıԺ˵á
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ģԺ˵ɣҲʱȢˣѡĻ
ûʮĚ㣬ͻȻʼܵ˳Ρ

żߣͨһ˳ϤĲ̸˽µ顣
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ûǸУʲôġ
ƺӦЩӡ󣬲ʱ̫ãǲ˭ˡ
ϴȥʱ򡭡ǳǰأƺѾ˰ɣ
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Ϊڣڷ粻ϿǴɰ
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ڷ磬ƺΪͬЩѡ

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ų佱һ䣬ȴüͷ
˵֮Ҳûӵͣʩȥ
պ֯ųдһ⼫ǫżͬʱҽףʤ
պļ䣬¼Ҳһڵˡ


ʮ ǹ
»꣬й֮ڷ˼飺
ǶƽԪþֶΣԴ֧ôһϹϵΪ˵´ҿȤƽ֚ҲһԴȷе˵һֱᶨųԼһԴٻ˵ٱ飬ͱΪʿʱԳԴʱԳԭı֣Ѿ˾൱ŷ
Ȼ¶Ӱ첢βŵĴ󲿷ִֺʿʵĲᵽһһ꣬֯֯³ɫıٴνŨֱȡҶɽǣͼʤڵȼҳ£ԸгիټֻܴճǧͬʱΪʦаҲѾˡΪųðβž˳ķ֮ƣܶ顣
ⳡսʧŨ֮֯ռȴҰսʧܵĵΪӮˡȻƽĶۣǰȣβűسͽ¾ҲսܵҪΣùսʧ
սʧ֯ﲻòٴΰѷתƵıڲûΪʧܾ;ܾ֦֯
ŵŴ˰ܺ󣬷²˹ˣΪʤȢų֮ŮͷԼͬԸ档ξϵܵ⽻ϵĳɾ͡ӦģڲϵҲʱűϷУ񴨼ҵϱҲͻؿӡ̶ֳȵңȫ޿ס˵ġ
ȻֻضĿѣܵĶңµ𶯡һĸĻġǿ鹫ԣ⵽͵ϮֱָڡһŴ⵽ΨԵĶӵԽǰϡһʱҰˡߡ׷ǴӷаΪ֮ȴδַϵսࡣֻԽɼȷʾҪ壬ɨͼֻ֪Ǿջ
ƽ֚Ϊոմ⽻ϻûѡŨСҲԵ֣רĴڲĿŵĶӱߵ챾С̫Ȣ˻ҴεŮ²Ҳַʽϵͼںβڴϵһ𡣵ͬʱֱšڡĶԣûаǲɢװȥ
ǸαŵϵˣûȰ֯ңҲδᵽнŨڵ飬̸ֻһЩϵرĻ⣬⼸κսı֮Լµĸ֣֮̽һЩھϵ֪⡣Էᣬдŵʱ̲ס飬˚Ķָ֮ⲻͬĵط˫ܿԼβšŨŵдһ˵ǳƺעŨڵ״β߼޹Ҳ
мޣǳ˵ƽ֚ڼٲ⽻Ŀǣ취еˣеİ취ǰȮˡ֯ų˼ɥ־´ŻǺܸ˵ġ
ֱҪʹ٣سеСɽǡ

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İСò棬Ӻʱ˵Ŀ⡣֣ڴֻһ˻ӡ̡
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ųʹȥ
ͷֻǸλµĹְѣʲôԺյλáͷϵһ𣬾Ͳµζվʱڣһͷߣ͵Ļļ̳ˡ
ǣµǳ͢ͷˣѡǹʮֵ·ǸܲԷ֮⡣
˵ǱҲһ͢ͷ
ھĻ֧£ҵ˳ɽԼӵм̳ȨáǱߣҲ̧һԵõܣͷʵûʲôó͢ЦٶһˣĻͳҵЦˡ߻ûô޳ܣʱֱԼĴ󽫾
ΪáвȣϹΪ˱ʵİȫòίߣ˷踺أ˸壡
ǹȻڱţʵ΢Ťһ£ѾΪǽͷݺʳߵĹǣȴʱˡΪʡ踺ء仰ȱ˶ԷǸͷĲϷչ˳͢棬һν
ôͷ˼Ҫ֯
ųͷʾҲûзϻ
ˡڲԹɫǹҲŶԷ̸񣬾ԼĻ
ҲǵĻֽǵˡ
³ŨʳԽǰ֣ɵͷ֮¡
ͷԽǰ
ȻҲ
Խǰǰٶţ֯ǰأųô˵š
ǸԻش⣬˵̨ǳ׼ʮǳĻ֯ںεأҪųȥ˵ǲʵġ
ʵϣӵ屾˫нôͬʱڸַг鲻ľӪӾóû
ִҲ൱Ѱǹر⣬˵뾭Ǿ˵нŨڣɹĻʵ²ǳּҵܹġ
Ũڣ
ϿԲСΪիٸǽʮһֱԼ໥ϵǶҪĻͥһȻѶյˡô֯һ๥ȴŨĵø˱ˣǾԲܽܵġ
ʵҲ֯ǿӢͼǰһȱֶΣ߱ɱ˼Ϻͷңֽƽ̬Ҹҳ൱ķȨġŨͶߣҲиĶԣҲǵĵط
ųĬһͻȻ˵˲ţȴȫ¡
Щ΢ĩҳأ
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µĹĸ
Ϊβأ
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֪ԽǰŶٺ»أ
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İٹᡭųҡҡͷ֯ң֮ұǧء
ʮٺ»൱һʯأһԾΪ֯سϡ˺ˬǿıźĻݣΪ֯ã˵Ѹ֯ǳ֣׬رǧظļֵ
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νʿΪ֪˿ӡԽǰصǣһʿᵽ仰ĺ塣
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ǣᡣ仰ֽһĶ־ΪųǰΪҪӣΡ
ұ㲻ˡų΢Цɫ־Σ
仰Щͷβǻˣ˼άر˵ּһڱ½һһҪıңѹܵǡǿŶ徰Ĵԥ
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²֪Խǰưɡ
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һػأҳȫסһ˹ȣ˽ǡ
ޣǵӢֹТµĹذɣ
ˣȻҳңҲʹԽǰ½ȡĲ㣬Ϊ㹥أҲ¡ԳȡģŨһ
ųĬĬͷЦ
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ʱƽ̧֚ͷ˿ΧɫȫȻ䣬ʤЩֻڡˡǰòȥдο֪ǷģüҲΪȻ뷨֮Ѳ²ˡ

ӹʱ򣬚㡰⡱ڵϡ
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кθ߼أ״һ䡣
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ȻԸ˱Ұ
ȻˣǰҲȫãǵ֪ϢһȰ˵ǵġ
ҪǷˡ¡һҾ
ЦһЦòܡԵԸֻҪǶ֯Ҳʱ飬鶨Ȼлرġ

»ի˾ܾѵĵͣ˵ΪʹߵǹǷʲôá֯ٴξֽͬʱҲַŨ
ƽ֚ڸεĿǣᵽŨпͶǵĻ⣬漴ͣʲдſռöԷǡ
෽ѹ֮£ԱϱһԱǧˣ뵽ҶɽǵĹС
Ũڵβ
ǵĺӣָ˸¹ӣоŽأݶĺӣȡҹ衣
PSеǹ㣬ÿܱʷϻҪҪ


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뷴ի˱ûʲôģΨһֵһҲǸո÷֮ƻ֯ϳˡ˴αڵУβڽŲٷ󡪡ȷе˵ܴ󽫲ٷ
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ɭɳֻ˻䣬ȴûʤҵüԽԽ
Ŵˣ㲻òվĻڶҲֻŨβһδµĺ֮ʿ

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ɭɳһش˵Ҷ˷ǳ̺һ¶ľͲͣκ˵Ȱ裬ϼҴ˺ܺˬҲʮֿҲ׷ŭٴ˾ͱȽ侲
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ˣ൱ߵĹڵҲȻ³ǵݡ
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ŵһŵУü仹еȽ͵ںٴʤҲٴܵĽҪѸݣƽֵǽǸ໹ںϷӡ
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Ҽһ죬Ȼæ˵Сɽͽƣ¾ܹˣҲǴῪʼ𣬻ڴһʽļҳ

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һΪԵͼʾչʾ
Ҷɽǹģ֧ͨµĵ·ϲƫ𹥻ķǵֱ߾дԼһǧ䣨1800m൱رҲ㣬¶ѶȺܸߡ
໹һݾþ˳룬ҲѾ˸ˡ
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ʱ·ߴһ֮žܴӹ䴦ӰȻ˳
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ʱǸ΢һ˿Цҡҡͷ˵½⣬ҵͬϲ˵ѣǵȷͶġ
ޣʶʱΪܣǳӭ㿴˿Σ˵Ǻأ
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ɶŲأʷ֪Ըﰡӿֻʮ갡
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ϵĳǹɫʮࡣ
ޡƽ棬֪ʲôɣѧ˵߰Ķѣû֡Ĳɵɢ˳ȥ

ɶŲ߳ŭͦһǹ
Ȼ״ȴҲûɣŤǹ̻ȴöԷ˴ǹΪ֮һ
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ɶֻǶߡ
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㣡
仰ּòŲǰ
κǹһǹβ˦ȥ˲Ųصĸ
ˣ
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ǵεĴΡ

Է۹⿴˲಻󣬲ȫûԿҲٵ껹һս
λ˵ѲŲصǹ䡣
常˾ҵļҳˣ
˵ͷ˵Ըȷǹ½Ϻá
һˣɽš
ΪδʱŹ鵽ҷأ
ѹոҰˣǷĲžܷɣȴòŲظ˳ͻ
ԭˡ


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лʱһ롣
ҲˣǴӳˡʤСӦ
أ
Ҳһ𡭡
ոҰͣ

ʱʤҲŷ֣սеȷûܷȡκ֪׼
ųĬһ˵׹Ũڣƽ֣ٴü䡣
Ȼ⣬Ҳûȷֻǲһ롱ĹҪۿˡֶԴ微ʤԸǣҪã
һԡ
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ݲʮͽСɽǣŲƾӵҶɽǣŵٶȣй֮ҲǼټġ
һһǧ˵Ĳӽųʤҡ㡢微ʤȸƣͳȷѫһӦ
ಿȴһʼղ
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ޣ˵ի˿ܴӳߣǰȥˣ微ʤ赭дػӦʱͨҲǸող֪Ϣ
ıٵر任һӣǿЦЦǲʱҶԼǲѾˡ
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һ˵üϳ鴤һ£̶ЦһЦ˵ǣʧ̬ˡ
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ųСӹ˰߷ԲĴӡ
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᪸ǣɽѾԼ˵뵱ϸһ֮İ־
׵ȥĦ֯ųԳƽ֮󣬶ƽһǳ׵ˣƽšɣʷϣΨһΪ»ʡʵλˡ

ȡŨ֮󣬶֯һԾΪĿβƽԭǲأǼٸʮʯټ϶ŨԶɽңӡƵȵصʵӦýӽ˰
ڼ䣬ŵƽֵˣͺʵԽüȣΪڲҳӵλϽȻαͷξɭɳܷ˽ɽǡ˵õȮɽӶҲǿسСݵµľټɣҲΪ˵ƺϵܵνֵһľǣšǧᡱŵǹ㣬ȻҲԤһسϯλ
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ˮҳƽַ㲻СֻͨһڵĹϵܥҵܥ᪸ȥβ˳ܥҵʯá˶ò꣬ųһϲ͡汸ܥͱεڵСһϵ֮ϵҲԽˡ
ʱ䷺㿪ʼԼҵľĵɽͰҼζǶʮ꣬ҲΪ֪񣬶ʮָɾԼӶǺϸ¼ָӹ١ѸӦӣͬʱѲʺսķСƽ̫ƽҰŴӲегΪרŵĽϰƴɱ֮ʵѧжָӵıصߵͬʱǳҰ齨ġֱΪʮ¹¶ɸϰѵʮʮߣʼʽơɱ˵ĹģһӡһжΪս׼
ڻȱھѧľУﳤ׶ҪаɽѶƺܸߡ֪ȵû취ˡ
žھʶѹݷˡǺʦӹ⡣
ԶֺЦŽӭҰӹ֣ͨ˷ǰŲΪط羰İɣ
ӹȷ곤꣬ڽڶ긻ǿȱոʤ˼֣ϴȥ豹̬
ˡ
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ҡ
кβأ
ǰǲеȴѾˣȻ˲ַӹ֣صػش𵽡
ҿҰȸʤ
Ⲣʲôȣշתĥ³һ˪ˡǼˣưܽ񴨣ܻի٣βǽ֮ܡضΪ֪ң뵱ճǲ׺ɣ
Ǽˣ֪ڶأ
ŨˣָСԭʱͨǣΪͷѣأ緢ϣ˼ҵճ˴ʦɽճˣȴʮּѡ
˼һʱȻ
ճ˴ʦǸӼھ˵ģӼȻȻѹˡ
ʷδ仯ʱӼҽͼǿƵò꣬õȸԶܼԦӴļҵչëѹơΪµ⽻ɮʱҲƣڱ
ڲĿݣӹҡͷЦҸɡ
˵֮ڹض̽ˣȴѴ̽ˡӿڵҰأΪβ̷ͷأ
ǰԽзбһϯ֮ءڵͷ
ΣѵӡԺҲ˵ۡ
繫һţעŵںͽӹ⻰͸¶ΣʶҿԼʳˡ

Ҫڼ¡ӹʰӣʮׯصذһݡ
Ҳûȥǰһʵˣȴ֣֮ǽ׼᲻ܱ顣
ôԺھ飬Ҫˡ
ʱǰһе֪֮С
ôڣҲ㣬Ѿ֮־
ȻˣѾµͷȻڳּжٻ
þӾкμ⣿
ƽַ̫ͳ˼Ƭ̣˼·ǿڴ𵽣Ҫβ壬ȾǻϽϡʮǰ¿ļͽٵȣǽܵİȻ¶֮Ǽѽ֯뽭ǳǿµļ׺ߣҪġ
üңʢڡУ߱ɱʧģ۱پ߷͡صòΪǡ
һһĵ˵ò
ǳּأ
ȻƺûʶȷѸѵĳˡ
֯ҪӵͷνȻ볯ּǾϵеؽ͵
ӹЦҡҡͷ˵ͷڳô˵¡
Ǿͻ⣬ϽΣ
ǡŰӦ˵ּĵŶˣʮų顣
šʵڲҵ硣˵ͷʾԼʵҲǹҸͷûʲôʵݣͷڲķȴӰ졣
ǰԣŶˣȻλѾʮףȴʮͬĶغڡ
غڡǱ½񳯲ڵĶΪҵһţרע棬еµΡЩսǿһȴβ󲻵֮ơ
Ӽҵ¹пһ䡣
ǵ£¹ʱڽûвǵ񲿣ָãǿƵĵԽǰּҵľƽȻͬ
˼˵㱾ҲǣƣҲң
ˡ
ôʱأ
һ֮ڡ
⻹顭
ǲŶ֪¡ļҶԶȡأȴ¸

´㵽᪸ǵʱ˳ԳֵĽȥ֯ųȴ֪Ѿ˽ˡ
ųָϯ°С˵˴㣬൱
ǹȣѵ˵ͬԵˣԻƵٺ»
˵ţںƺԺհ
˴̸һǳֹ㾪ڶԷϵķ˼ӹƣö࣬䡢ɱֶ֮Ρ
˲ܵӹ֮ϡ
֮ǰ֯ڷսƽγɾϵΨе𣬶ǡٵ˼֮ǽĽɫԽԽˡ
Ϊ⼸ﶼи㡱أ
εɺϡ
PSȻǸıʷ


ڰʮһ ̽
һ¡²䡱ĴӡǺ׵飬ȻҪʵĸȴעǸĹ̡ͱ統µˣڿ֯ǵϵ⣬վһֽǶȴܵóͬĽۡ
Խǰĳ徰ʮִ󷽵˻ǰ᪸ǣòظոհҵųдһţʦΪʾ˾ϵ֧֣ͬʱᵽǺõȡԶԸּԸ⡰һСæ֮⣬֯Ҷ塣
Ȼּ̬ȣôǳңȻܣӵʮʯġ֮ӥ˽³ŵǧԮֻ൱֮һʵӵĵ´ܵߵѹֻܳһǧʽϵ֧֡
ĽǶȽһ֯ռľݶȻҲܶ棬һܷսʤ֮ͳ⡣
˴Ҳ龫άԼǾȰ˵Ϊжµļҳǿ˽ϿһսŸ÷Ʊ߽̣Լͬˡ
ΪһԱƵĹԣԼŹˮȹϵ֯һѾãνݺ㲻ϣ߽Ҳܾ롣
һ£ʷϵıƴʱĸʮָӣûһΣҲͲдˡ
֯ҵķӦǰƼѹȣǿʹҵתδʽս˺ԼŨĴţʱĴңò˻ȥֻ֪¼׺ʩŵα鱨
ִŨڲȵԣټ٣Էֱ棬ųģټҶһһ︰ᣬ߰ң춯ɱһ̩Ȼػжȥ춯ɫδƣָֻűϵľᣬ⾳Ի
һ⳯죬Ϧᳱ·ǧΪʥ£Ͻ˥ϧꡣƺҺڣѩӵǰҲ⣬һԻ˺֮ʫҲ͡ʱų֣νһԻΪһ³ҲѧˡһذףȻͽ಻ԸͽҲ
ݻһʱΪ̸ȴҲӳ˵ǰľȻЩС£ȴ֯Ҳʤƣš
ʱѿʼ뷨ˡǹ˵᪸ǵԭǳϰ갴ľֹȻ֯Ҳƺûʲô
λ׼Ǹ޴ˣûֱȥųֻǲһЩŵҪ޵رԼĲ籧Թ´ֱɲ֪ڵȵȡ漰һˡ𾩶Խǰһ˹ȣβǵ档

Ұ˵ǿиɲһƺЩƫƽ֚ڳӹȻ˵߿ıǺࡢˣɾҲǸˣϾͳŵڣܶ񲢲˳֡
¡͵ǼȻ˥ˣ󾩴ͣóԵˣоļ׺ߣԸֻǿɣҪԵԷǲס
ﳤҲʾͬȴ෴ҿ֯иһ뷨
ҡͷ˵ֶֻβĿġҪ˵ףȴһۿԱߵıƺֹѯʵְкο
ԥһǾ仰ȷһǳֻǲԡ

֯ҹŨǰųѹǣŨիй֮޲˵̧ͣͷʾ
˵
ǡ˵ļŵϣԴŴȡŹŨȻսʤȴʮʱƽŨʱȻдϣȴʹüԣ뱾졭ԣֶָֻΣȡĿġ
ġ׿޵⼸൱Чġ
ޣ»̿֡
ﳤʱȻˡ־򣬲ҪӵĴ֣Ҫѽй¡ԶǵϵһʤǶΧСȴòҪ𡭡
˵ĻƺǵòʧɡӹС΢һ
Ⲣжĸ£˫ĲһӴķϽķ⽨ׯ԰ƶѾʼȡ֮ǾнϸߵļȨԺƶȻĵطķʽҲ˲𣬲˶ע⵽һ㡣
ښӰ£ǱĬ˼ʽӿΪĻ˼άȻ΢һЩ
û˵ȥֻǲߡ
ʱҲõˡ
£дͷλر
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ǽԸ
㰲дһ߽Śݵȥ
𣿡
ǡ
ȥûǰ𣿡
Ƕдʵġ
ҪļߵĻǻһЩ·ӡдһô˵Ȼԭе֣±Ͼ׺ҳˡ
гɫָеˣԼ⣬պõϡ
ƽ֚ϸʹϣ˼һŷԸ뿪źʵǶڽһжҰ㣬кο
ƺǼͷŵͽΪȷսžΪسʵʵ˵ձӡ󣬶ֲ䵽һȴ˺ˣҰǸҵչ൱ʢΰҲȽϳɫ
Բÿɷֻﳤףвأ
һǵǸϰϵˡ˼һ𵽣ԼĳȢǱͷϺͷ֮Ůӡӷֱ̳ľСңŮǼ޸˱Ƶ񻧼Һ͹ؼңַʽԼ
Ҫڵ顣ֿˣʮǰڴ֮Ҿͽ˵ڹȻߵҲΪϵһ֧š
ۺ˵ȷȫţҲһһѣûǼҵĴ𵽸áﳤײ˵
ҿȻҡͷʾԣ֪ʿδͨıԣóƲߵǽҲǴֺֻ˶Щ
һŵҲûǷӦԹԵ˵ȥ˺ڽƣεı䶯жΪ˵ߣżȻġʮǰѾˣϸ˲̽Ļܹҳ˿ġ
ޣ˼˵ֻҪչʾ㹻ʵͻͶЧȻ˽ʱҲ׹
㽫õչʾˣʮǰǺĻ֮ìܣɱĻ֣ҵʮǰƣȴͬźͶһ׵Ȧӡǰ϶ңʰо֣Ҽȸߵ
ְˣţţҰضʺá
½²ܹ˵İû㵽ֵﷴż
ǽ߷ֻҪܹϹֿۣɡһֻҪǹ鸽ǰϹϵˡ
£ôﳤɻֻ˽´ٳɴ£¹Ͳϲмذɡ
ô㲻ÿɷ񣬡ȻҪ֪λ£ķʽҪǡҵıҲڴˡ
ɸ㣬Ȼȫ棬Ҳûʲô֮֮µڰȨеϵǳֵáʱƽѾɵ׼ܥǱϹϵġ


ڰʮ ֮
ƽַһʱ֪˵ʲôãӼ˵Ժͣ˼ʮ꣬ȴû뵽ԷȻò
Ƥ𪣬ɤᣬŮ࣬Щݴϵһƺʲôڴϣȴչʾʮ΢иСʻݵĻǾǡϵ
Էò˾ã̫ûʧ񣬷㲻ԾȻƿһ㡣
ǸóƺԶأǰأ
ȴֻܳƽּ
ݵȥʩ̬˵ź
ǸˣȻòôţӭڡ
˶벻ĿˣͻȻǰ൱ɻ󡣡㿼ǵԷ˼ֱ˵˵
Щ޷ͼ˵˰ˡ΢΢ҡͷߣҿǲܱģͼԡ´塯ӵˡԼŵĶȴ˵ˣʮֿЦô
ǣʲô̸ˣֻܹݵֶҲ˵Գһ䡣
ȴʾͬΪǷֵ˵ġʩеľٶΪĿĺڣվ
漰ѧѧ⣬㲻Ըϸ̸ʵ
ΪһЧأǳʵȴڰ֯
ֻԼġ
ȻǾҪˣ
ʣ治ƽּķ񰡡ûش𣬡Ҳʮֻ֮˵أʱǿ˶ãա
㲻ݸķ֮ʿ
ֵ
ʵҲΪһ˽ģŻ򽻵
ޣԸꡣȷ֪Է˵˲ͬɫ䣬ֻ΢΢һЦ
ЦݣȮҲ˿ɵ䣬²ϰ֮صɮ˽ѧ񷨡Ҫһҵǰָ
ɰֳһ˿ڴ֮ɫʧȥΪλҵأ
΢΢̾һҪŪīѧ߲ѣҸҪǰϵĵ÷ӳΪ֮ҲҪʦָ㡣˵æһֱϾչ˼ˣ
ȸģʽˣԷ֪δ𻰡ֻܲ˵
ˣûʹ˴еĿأ
ޡ⵹ˡ
ǲʣҾĻԵ̫ôеЦ
ǡ
ǷΣɷнµǷǷʵ
Укιأ
ֲԣΪ֯βԽǳ
ǡ֮ǰû˵ȥƣؾǽˣ
ǡϴεݸҵϢΪǻظġ
ҲϤ
΢΢ЩȣȻ֪ڽύΧǹ㰡
ǰ»Ũիټ֮ʱʾ֧ԮҰˣָ㣩
ֻһ֮ԵѣȴӪһݲǳĽѵõ
ôҰ׼鸽֯ˣʡ
²Сҡͷ΢ЦʾԷ԰֮꣬ܶ壬Ǽҵжԣ˷ֻˣԸ׳Ϊʣ⡣
Ѿ⡣ĽҲˡ
Ƿ桪вĿŷ㣬˵ԸдŴʹϷͬʱǳﻹҪ
㾲ͻȻʵ
µϴӦ𣿡
˲ĻԸѧɡ

ְҵʿսиص㣺սʱöô֣һʱھ͸ϢģؼĿǰ֯ÿʯȡٵ˵ıȻѾڴ󲿷ֵĴԾɰŴũȻҲ޷ɡ
͵Ʋߣʱϵĩʺϳ߳Ѿȥ˶·֮ǰûȡʲôϵĳɹֻܵȵ·ٷˡô˻οĵȴµµΪ֯أֻôأ
֯ųʱ½͵㡣ɳȥв߷ԹȻнչǺʱЧʱȴһŹȥ̲סҪںʱͻȻת
ѾҪŨ׵سɽȰĿǰļҳҰϡǲʮӺǧǰ᪸ǡԴΪҺ屻и󲿷ֵǵ೼Ҳʼµ뷨׺ʮУҲʼͶ֯Ǳȥ
ųķӦʮǧŮ»ԼͬʱٴδžӺͻƽƹֶΣʮҺ塣
ʱ֯űȳָǿĶԱڰ᪸Ǿס͢ĹϵŪʽּȷ֯βĺϷռС
ʧĳ徰Ҳǹϣͱѹǧһڳ־죬Ա֮뵽
ʷĽѵʱӦѾ·ˡ֪ȾƽְַĿͶ˹³ǡ
ıųƵ󾩣Ȼիô׶Ը


ڰʮ Ů
ÿʱÿضսֻȻЩˣȴὨΪĿĹѫЩ޷Ϊͱϸֹ⻷Ϊ츳֤ݡħ·ŵҰ˵Σڸ±ΪǴ֮硪ͬΪի˻߽أ
ԣĳ˳ǰʱ˵ĵһӡǣǿ֪ͯļҴ˵Ľ
֪ԷԶġŨʱ˷һæ𲻾˼Ȼʱһãȴʵڲͬǽ֮ƽ֚Ϊʱָһ㡱͵óûʲôȴкʵʵжϣ΢ЦŲͣ֫Աʾ֮ľࡣ絾Ҷɽ֮սǰ׷ի֮ࡣ
ȴκμӣֻĵصԼķʽΪ˽۶᪸ǵ֯ųſڵ̬ȶ̫Ĳ

ԶؾȻôɽ𣿡ɵǰ̸⣬ƶɮΪٻٹꡣ
пԳΪβɽأ΢Цҡҡͷ
ƶɮΪȷҪ£дΪأ
ҵʦ촨ϲ֯ҽŨ֮ǰͻȻӦ룬Ǩ쳾ס̳˻µżҺȴŨټڵĴͳҴ򽻵һҪݷõľƽ֚ˡ
ҿΪ֯ҵŨڡƮȥ
ŨڱŵʵǧˣκһԭҪǣ⼸֯ϻûȡùʲôʤ½侮ϦֱӱʣܥڵУشҲ߱˷ȨټԭȾ֯Чɭɳɡྮеˣֳѹβű˵̬ơ֮¸ڣȺȱռ䣬ʱԼ˼ƽ֪Щ˽±ԹҪáǡβ˵
˵ͷȻ˵Ҫʱհֻƾһ֮ĻƺЩѰɡ
Ҫñ˴֮޽٣ûǲܵġ˴ߣٿʱҪںĹ࣬ǿ㿿ǽϰݵػش˵ʵؼ᪸²ʿһʱεһݵλˣǲͶ̫ྫȥ֮µġ
βŶ˵ҵ˲ǳ˻༥֮⣬ʵҲûбĵжԱ֡˼صͷ֮£ƶɮô򵥰
Ͼҳҡҡͷûн˵ȥУӦҵ顣
һҳ˽𣿡
̵ѧ㸺ʫ񷨣أ
ƶɮʤΡ
Ҳ쵽ˣǾȮӰݼʦɡ
ƶɮҲɡǼ̳ǾͿνͯˡ
Ҳ˵л𣿡

״ˡ
ǧ裬˴ǰʮʽʩ˿
š˵ͷָ˵λҸʦ㽲ڱ飬մʦ㽲ھʷ𣿡
ǡǧܻزȥкͻʩ񣺡λʦ޶ۣ벻ߴͽ̡
㰵Ե˵ͷ⻰ʹǱ˽̵ģʱȷ˵һӶҲˡһ˿ȴû¶
ʲôأ
ǧ軹뵽һ⣬״ˣҲѧ𣿡
ϲѧ𣿡ϻ
ҡʹĺӣҲ֪֮һʱ˵ʲô
Ҫ£ԼҳҲΪ˵˻ǣοأ
Ҳϲϲ顣ǧʵʵĻش
⵹Ǽ̳ĸİá
ͲҪѧˡϰ
ǡǧһݣ˵ףɿԸһѧ𣿡
ɣǸҵĺӣһ𳤴󣬹ϵܲǸɵ壬ͬĺȴʮֽ׳ǧΪͬ
ԡ˵ͷ
˷ԸǼ䷿ɾΪ⺢ӵ鷿ʹá
лס
ǧ豻˴ȥ׷ʣȮأ
ŵмķ緶һ䡣
ҺȴûôˣûʲôҲ֮࣬ν֮ʡ
㲻ÿɷ
֮ԺͰжλˡ

㰲׵֮󣬴԰ȮԸЩ飬սҾסլȴиӰӲ֮ĳص
ףʮŮɤ
ѩǧ΢΢һЦתץסԼ½°ڵŮžͿһԵĲɫ
ΪʲôԺأ
䰡ѩǧȥס׵Ĳӡ
һҿġ
ˣҵġ
Ѿͷ
Ĺӵ⣬ǳŮĻͲˡǸʱֻƷݶĿĥ˵ҹ裬ʣһһŮʶͻ۰ŮһЩοĸλҲ͡Ϊ̳˵ǧ裬ʶǸײŭһ棬ǵѩǧȴſڡȸ
ҵŮҲҪ񷨵ģʱ˹һ񡱵ƽ֚Ҳû˵ʲôȮǸ໰ˡβµطҲŮ޲ȥҳĶ붼ĸףΪ׺ٵġ
˵Ҫǧȥѧˣɻһȥ𣿡
һȥ
ѩǧ·ʮʧǾû˸ˡ
ʮĵضŮ˵ǧ̳ҵλãҲҪΪһ̴󽫣ѾҷԼεģɲְ
ŮͯƶǶص˵ͷЦˣɱҲ̴ܵ𣿡
˭㻢ɱģ
ϴѧǧξͻˣҲξͻᣬɺüζޣĺÿɰ
壿
ѩǧȾɴһ࣬ĺӽȻһǧͷСģҲⷽȷĳ츳ȴһ仰뵽һЩ׵顣ԻÿﶼԼŮ
ϲ𣿡
ڵһ䡣
ţǧһһ㶼ɰѩǧһתֲ䵽Ҹϲס
ӦǶˡ
Ҹһѧòãѩǧڴʵ
Ҳϲ𣿡֪ʡ
ѧ鰡ŮͯԴѸȥ
ϣѧʲôأ
ɣѩǧðС
Ůȥһӵѧ֮Цô
Ǳ˭ģѵ˸˰ǰĹʲôģʱһŶͷ̾ĶڱŮ鲻
С
ǽǹҲˡ
ҲҪܾȴͻȻֳĳŮʿݣǿڵðɣɸ
ţţѩǧСװͷ

ֱѾһʱ䣬ÿμͻɫ΢죬ɫһԣĬȻһжԴǴζ
αеլǰֻȻ̾һȴͷʯذ㰲
ɰǸٴζϰߵ֣Ҫÿ³鼸̵ҵŮѧЩգأ
ʿŴһ̶յʵڲҪôڡ
ⲻǽڶʵЩΣѵ˵ҵܲ𣿡
ҡ
Ƕġʿ̫񷨣ŮѧҲûʲôõġ
ǡ
⡭ζ´ֲ壬Ҫʲôô
ʿͷȥԺ̲סĶӡ


ڰʮ ෽̸
᪸ǡ
ˣڵʲôأƽַ׷ʣɫԵʮֹС
ת
ޣûʲôֻǵĽĻ顣ʤҰ˰֣ʾԼȻصҾûЩȵ
ȻҲʼˣ
˻أӦʵ
ͷҪϯģһҪλģλðѵļҳǿɲΪҴ°ֱ˵˵ķ
ԭڵ
΢΢ףɫ䣬ûд𻰡
ƽַȴҡҡͷ˵ҿȨȻڱϣȻ֪ʲôֶΡ
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ʮ֯ʲôʱϳԹأλָųǵլⷽ裬û˿Աȼ硣
һȴĳĬ˼СһֻעµѮ꣬Ҫη油ϿΣȻô׵顣
ȴɫӵؿ˷һۣ˼ðҲûŪ˼ֻǴԼò

»ĳ֯Ҹ֣ۼڴ˵ʿβʿ֮⣬´ǳҵʹߣԼѶľĻΪǨλ׼̸ĵص㲻òŨӵʯͽĳβټ֯ҵյУʱ뵱ʿһͬƹݾֳ֮Խǰļɽ鼪Թ°ЩŵڣΪְҵ⽻ԱĹһһλġ
ҳֻųӭѽšʱ䣬ȴֻųż̴ӼҴҵؽǸ˿òȻλ׼
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Ϊ²סּҵɽ鼪ҲòվνԲ˳Բ˳²ɣûͷµĻǾ壬ͳвҳ͢
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ѵڹĶͷðűɱΣճ𣿡ʯԼ⻰˵ΪѾǼˡ
֮ԴǼңǹڻ֯ųģɽ鼪ҶԴҲֱ֪ӽʯԽų˵ͷ̣ˣħʱĹλθأ
ȷǱ֮ʧųڳһ˻ں̬л֮ǰҪ²Уǵǰͣɣ
ȥԳּģԷɽ鼪ҷ֪˵ʲôá
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ʣ³ǧǳͳһǧĵ´ңȻǲ֯ġ

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ܼ򵥵ĵԽǰּҵ˴ֻ֯ճǧ飬ôʹʲôƲߣû취еĻȨ
ʵǡ෴ųֻ΢ļƲߣȡ˳ɹ


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ڰ֪ҪĴڴ˼УʣµСǣҲ˻ȥհʸһ
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֯ǿɽǣǧسǾǲǧƣԽǱϮҶɽǣǱɻΪһɣΧ֮
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ԲΪ׵ľɽ졣
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ڵҰųʿ䣬ܵʸԷ֮˹ȫʤ࣬ŨսŰܺȴıԼת䣬չֳòĺ书ɵļҳľܡ

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سǵĴңءһų浽̴󽫺󽫣ҲĹ˳ǧڡڸֱʿ
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ԳԽȱľǰٲ֡ΪûϵԷҹϮƬ̣ȷɱ¡ؾվʼѻʮķΧڣһʧ֡ȽͼѹƳϵ
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ƽ֚㣡ʶӴȴ˱ճϮ

صвáδʮͻнҴƺض϶Էسǵ·汾Է
֯ųֱױ뱾ֱ򱱷ƹȥףͻȻųں֯ųθһս񣿡
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ʱƽֲѾֳΧ֮ƣѹǼҵľơ
ѾûˣҪΨȡ֯ųһ;
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ȫָŽųûע⵽ɱȴԸ͵ϮǴȵ
ҹͯƽڴˣ
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սӣоߴһǧһ٣֯﷽Ҳİˣʱոմųԭش
ʱԭֻǣƵķҲݱֻƾŨǧ˵ı޿ܹǧ˰صĺɽǣָӵĵҶһʹ˹֮ƣȰѻϢɢȥִǳ´Լ֯ﱾģڳͬʱźӪ˼ڴ˵ϢβɥˣҶȲѪеǡ
ͬʱͻǳĲλĲˣ·أɢЩߵˣɢҿ嵱С
սʻʱųԵҶһĻǴͣȴüŲżϲŭȨĿ⣡
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ںƶ£ԶΪϧյȺ塣սŸսȻԷָֺ;Ҳ׷¿ӭ͡ʮǰɵʱǶˡСߣҵ൱
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˻Ҫǰ՚˷Ը֯ҵˣϲЩ

ӹҲ˿ûоɥ̬֮Ϊƽ֮˵ȻЩĿǰʺóȴõϵġ
Ұ˵˵ҵɡϽΣԴó죩֮üƺʢת˥˰
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ΪսҵԵʣе̻Ȼ׷׿ţմ໹¶棬ģ붼֯ҵ²ʿϻźɫЩǵгµˡھ衢֮ĴʻȫҲˡ
ƽ̻֚֮̾ûд갡
Ȼȴ¶ı顣
ְҵ˵ʱ̸̫ǰˣʹ籾šӹȿߵˣҲδػʲôס֪ˣҲûнֻͣҡҡͷ߽·һģСľӾС
ޣǼλʿүС˵Ψдܰݵϰɨæ̨Ӻܹһӭڵĸ
һԣٺ»ǧʯʿ԰ڣǺͨολ׵ġӹ⡢һۼ֮ǹûʵʿЩΪ̴ӵģǴ̷ǡ
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ߵֱУһ׹⣬ڻ谵ĵ·Ŀ
ſڵƽֵϯ벻ʮߣɼοǾרҵѵأһϮ£ֻͣһΣڵϣԽ䡣
д巴ӦȻ¡οŹ׷𶯵ơеľӢܹ˷⣬дһҲСŻүҵ棬Ƕˮ׼
󲿷ʿʱ򣬶ѡѪ֮½ĪȼݣֻҪû͵ѵõĹѫ
ֻӦʱȴȻû˻ᡣ
ε˹ȥʱдһѾˡ
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һʱ֮䣬εĶû
ϯϣ˫۵Ÿǲжƣƽ֚˽Ϊ˷ɣȴ⿿ǽ棬˫ǰ
Ȼûü˼ȴʶĶȰǰİ߷ɡ
ȻŷӦ֪Ƿǰ̿ͣ·;ּٵĶںУΪ˱쵽ƣȵĶһ
Էȫ̹ʶķӦδء
ϸ룬̵ȴǴ̴ľƵӣĽŵס
˿ڲȴλԶ佫Щ۵ýгսʱܶˣ
ֻһ˲̿;ʧȥ˻ᡣ
дһϿסͷŭ𣬻ӵŮߣվښǰ
Ȼ󼸸Ⱥ˽ΧһȦ
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ͻΧɴɱ۳ɰܶ⣬жǰѾ߰ҩУûʵĿԡһΪʿȻ֪Ƿ׽ˡ
ιŮȴ̵㬵ضƽ֚˵Ͷˡ


ʮ Ůߵ
Ͷ
ƽַһ漴־ЩЦ
ӪĴ̿ͣѵָͶʵǹ쿪һ㡣Ʈ㣬ȻŮӣҲûС
κһʿ£޿Ĵ
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Щ滰ʹûܹҲ˵ֻĻ𣬳Եʱûжɱ֮ȫȻƼѪߡ
ŮȻΧŴȴ¶һ˿֮ɫƽּҵʿǲðѹֻᱻһ
дһϺǲޣֻǶԷʵƽַ棬ȴҲûеӷ
ʲôдһϻ֮УٲȻ˼߳ŭӡ
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˵ҪͶˡŮ߽һ̵ǲԴУһԾǽǡ
ιƽ֡ˡһ֣еò鲻ԸվǾ˫֣ʾⲻٷҿܰ
Ȱ¡ƽַѾָ˵Ȼı飬ϯϣˮĿ棬һȥҲľϡ
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£Ѿˡд
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Լ˵أʣ
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ƽַľжϣǰλŮǿڲӦĵĽȷʵҧгݵʹʯš
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Ůһʱ𲻳ƽּ֮Ҳ˵ϻʾѴ˴ȥ
һȡ취ʯΪЧ
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⡭ֲʲôҪ¡Ůһ˿͵鱻ӵ֮ɫ
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㻹̸еʱ𣿡ƽ֚Цһɫŭ⣬ȴһ˿⡣Ʋ΢һ˿ڣ̫أŻվֶ´λ쳣Ů̿͡
յľ飬ںڰ֮еǣ붼ԳĬԵˣǰˣȴŮû̫ΪǷֲƵĽƻôʳǲµĴСӦþеص㡣
˵λΪβŵһŮĴС㣬޸Ҳ˰ɣĿǲ̫ˡʱ񻹽ĵģҲֻвʤǸһ˰ɡ
ƽ֚һʱĿͣŮϣȴ⡣
δµŮֻãòȻˣһǸ޳ܡˡһ˫۾ɨȴưһ£δѲӡʯһ˵УŮ˵ӣӵֻڼŮ˵ϼ
ʱɣڣײڲְ࣬ҵŮ߸ʱȡ鱨߽ӽĿ׼Ůȴͨߡ
㡭ŮʶҪ˵ЩʲôȴһӣϰһεĻôԡ
˵󼸸ֵʱͻȻʮƽ˼̬
ɫգ
ƽ֚㲻ݸҪôѵܾ𣿡
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۵һȴһΧ۵ˤڵϡ
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ŮڳΪŮ֮һҹ֮ѧȻ˵ֶΣڴ֮ǰ˵ȴȻ̬Ц󷽶ѡ
οƽ֚ŮʱϰŶʮһ޷ԸֺĽٰ᲻
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Ƿںƽ־𺳡Ȼսʱ֣в״Ҳǿġ
ƽ֚Ĭ˰ΡǸҵĹ£ԼҪģŮȻҪ˵˵Լ
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ʱ賿Ϯϳ̣ǧפʿ伸ѡ
Ƭ֮εݷľֱҲֻ֮֡ǰץסȴ˳Ҿˡ
ƽ֚㲢û̫ʧְֻ΢ٺ򷢵ȥΪӱ¡Ȼһ£һ֧ȴüˡ


ʮ ֮
ԹԹߺ
й֮ʯţҪԶԶʤʯصƽ֚㡣ǶȻٸƶȻ壬ڰУȴԶֻǸҷĵѡںڰеߣλϵʿ֮ũ˺̼֣Ҳδظֺ߳
ʯΪǸˣعϰ꣬ͰͬԶԶ˦󣬶й꣬Ѿˡصһʿ֮ƺǴ͵¼û·ŻΪٵصͽܣ̵̳ϯλ
Ϊذ̣ԼٵصУȴȻڽܻ÷ˮչ˵һֵܵƣ֤̽ĵλ
ȨҲֹڴˡͼĳϣ޷Խĺ蹵
ʱԻ¿ϡ֮ʱ̷׷׽ҸͶƷ͢ĻͬػԴɲʿ׼ڲȨѡ΢λߣȻָ
ʯǰƶֵ֮ͨˣЩͱ˸߹ŵڣһּȺ۵ĸӸ顣֮УǽƲЩòȻʿ̬˵ʱȴҲ롰ҳŵΡ
ʿЩ֮ˣˡԼٶβëԼȴƫҪɼǰŪľʿļǰԻϷ
ȻҵĽȴǼٶβرɽƶɱľʿסĶ±Żٻ١Ϲģ档
Ҫվֻھµ鹤߰ˡߵɾǲڰ֮У̫۵ĸֻõ֮ˡԴΪ̣ðҵϣȡ
ʯŲɽ֮䣬ԶԶɽǣһʱȴ֪Ǻá
ǰΪ׽ͬǱ֮ƣջȳ˻顣ĳŮţȴòٴ¡
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Ůƫƫܲܡ
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ݺὭ꣬ʯǮѾΨһ
ǱװǱ룬Ҳ˵ܷɹһնԷֻ³նɱʡ
˼ãµ񣬿ҲֻܱûŮǹǰĿԡ

˼˵Ů̿ʱ⣬Ҫȡֻϣҵ𣿡
ȷϵġдһСػشţǵҪʯţԲδ̡֪Ϊ
¡ȷһ߰ɡ˻֣עǿȥ𣬲Ҫٳʲô顣
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֯ųԦס˲ţʲô취أһˣƽ֚־ûʲôˡ
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¡֪ˡﳤԥƬ̣Ҳֻȥ볼֮ĿƫֻǺϴ¡

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ޣˣʯҲֻЧŶԷӣΣԼֻ⼸ȴ͵Ǳлѡ
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˵ȲͬڵĸоҲٲȻȻδƹȨʼȱЩơ֮Ļ˵ֻ˾ǿʩ񣬲ϡ
ȵģʾǡ
Ȼƽִˡ
ʯԭΪ˾˶·ʩ񣬵ǵۡ
ƽ֚㡣ʿ˵ͷ


ʮ 
ʯ˿ڵأƽȥƽַʩ˴
µβǽƽּˡ
λۣһѾĵĻʵ˵ڡ
ƽַȴǿЦһɫЩζɺԻ
ҵǶԸ۲ѡ£Գð˳ɷյģֻʯһˡȻ˻ԱǼҳȻǲΪȻҲòһӳ
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ЩλϣӦб֮ʿҲһ¡
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ʱڻĽҰˣֻܵƯĺΪҰˣܻסˣ̸ʲôأҵĵǵЩ޶ģѾˡ
ڽǣʯֻ˵Щֵܡ޶磬ȴû͸¶ԼϾƽַֻǳǴںøУҲȫΡ
Ե˵ͷ˵ôˡðʯĻǿ԰ѼҰβŰ֪һطҵЩ취
ʯԥһ¡ƽַ˾٣֮ʵ̫ԣ޶൱ˣʯűϾǹӵģȻԶԷкøУҲԸͶЧΪҵӥȮ
ȻƽֵȷǾһջʯ᲻ܡТ޺ΪжжڡüԼһ϶Ͼ񼫣Ҳǰˡ
ο漰Ĳֹһˣʮֵܡġ׾ܾ
õļ˵ƽַȴǹʯԥһҳǵɾһ⣬Ըչ˵ġ
⡭ôͶƽִء
⡭ЩǣʿĻҿԸһЩᡣȮӷͣûѡýء
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仰ѹʯƽ
ŵڵʱߺʿĳžݵôԶ˶һƽַȻûֱӸȺʿݣŵǵĶӳΪʿҲһġ
֯ҵͷ˶óƽּȻҲгƶ˼ܹƽֵӳϹϵպܻǧʯ֪Ҳδ֪õĻһ֮Ҳȫ޿ܡ
Щɢ˵ĵǣԼδһԸȥѭӵĹ˵ļҳܸѰĻȴȻ֮͡Щ˹˵ѪӣӦƽΪףȴԸ·
һ˲ǧ˼ʯ֪ԷҪԼȴ޷ܾ硣
ڶԷǷֳŵһʱûü롣
վƽַȫûҪƭġʮŵʿݣʱ踶ٺ»ֻҪܷ͹ˡĶޣȴһȺߡ
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ʯһƽʩһƽַ㵹̹Ȼ֮
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ˡǸǰƽּ˸̧֣ĳһ·
νġĳˡȻǸŮ̿͡յ˵˵ʯĽ͵飬·֮ĻΣԲŶʮַݡ
ƽַΰûʲôȤˡǸŮ̿Ҳδɡȷǰ˵ȷʯ֮󣬷ҲǸСﲻ֮дɱ֮¡תһ룬ֻ˿ڷ磺
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ʯͷһ˿죬ʱҲʺչ¶ֻţǰƽַһͼܲЩϸ΢ĩڳǵ˵ͷǼˣȻҾǸСѾͷлˡ
ˣǸСѾͷʲôһ䡣
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ɽŵôΪʲôֺܶĸоȵȣⲻǡPS֪߹ȸ硣
˭ȡģʡ
ʯſڽ࣬һŻع񣬡Ȼ丸ɽмҵ̣ʮǰѾսˡ
ƽַĬصͷЦҶˡ
һֹȴʯЩˡĪƽּ˸ɽмгҪ˿ɵúú취


ʮ յ֮
»ʮ괺ڣѮձ֯ӵ壬Ѿȥ˰ʱ⡣ˣҲ˳ʱȻ˾˵ͳΡ
ϲ£֯ҵʿ޷Ƶάΰָ򣬶ԻʼҺ͹ǸءЩĹ֮ȻҲ֪ͶұĹء
β˵ȷҾ
֯ﵯǹ֮
ҲǾľǵ֮
δۼͿǸάŸ߼ϣȴղΪĵա
֯ţͬĴڡϸһ쳹ԶͬǣΪ֯ųṵ̂ķĻְۣǲ֯ŨĻϵϯƺڵգںͱ
ϾѾֻס壬ҲδԺ¡
Ȼһ㡪߼װһˣƺ١
εĴ󽫾Ѵˣ֮һ
ʼʼղͿ࣬±ѲصỹҪ㡣ʣ繫䣬ͬʱԾĻΪ׽µĻȨܡҵϸԪͮɽѸߣְһɫٳ;߼ټԨһ֮µĻ㡣
ǰҵϣǿЩ£ΨһȫǸռӵֻʣºһػɽˡھϣ˵ĻҪпǹ㡢ΩЩ½Ļ֮ȵͷ
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ոջɽǹϵصѣȻûǮ޳ǵġ֯Ҳ֪⣬ҲڡҲֹ߻ΪĻʢ˸۴˻룬ĳ˿õϮֻʱˡ
ȻѾɱһ¹ϵĽɱһδյ¹ϵĽҲûʲôѹˡ

ɽǻɽ߳ƽԭһʮ䣨270mԶмΧܲӴղȣ϶ȴ⡣ֲ͵ʣ䵽ӣԴȴǸ⡣Һ򾩶Ĵ微ʤ䣬ǰ˹ľвþӰľôҲղ微ȴǱ䲻ˡ
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ЩĶǵ飬޷ʹȻˡɤӣֱĿڱһݣ¶꣬Ǹٹ̣ҪܵҲԺ൳Ϊף̫ǳҶֵѩ̿ﱻ֮߸󣬴ȴϱܽԼ
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ȻŮ˻ǲЩءֱ૵
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ǰ˵ƽַǧؾΪ൳Ϯǲʹ㣬ҪԾƶ顣
ԲԼǶʹװߣʹҪڲݣܹؿֻѮ֮䡣
ƽַֻɽǴգȵ˷糾͵ıšױʵš
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˵ǡͦе㷴Ե֮ɫǶǳ⣬УҪ֮Կ±ȵҪġ
ȥһô𣿷Щ⣬ǰƺټ˴ӡ
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ȷЩͻأǰ˵ſܿˣȴЩС˼ġȻ˵ˡ
һԸɮˡ˼Ƭ֮ƽַó˽ۡ
㡣æԹά
Ĵ͹ǷŵĵɮΪǿ󣬶ϵͲϣŹϵĴңЩҴ鷳
ͳڽ޿ײ룬̸ڣӦԣֻܰһԿһڵ⵹ҲΪ档
սΩ񳼣ת֮ʵǳúܡ֯ųһ̬ȲѺãƽַǼͽҲǳеЩյġ
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ļҳȻҪļܼԦ
֯ų᳼㼪´ҿʶˣѵǸô
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΢΢һЦÿɷתȥ


ڶʮ ն
ʷѳǹ㣬Ϊ飬ʲôĸоƽ֚㿴֮綼ķ֮ʿǳڻȨóΪӪ佫жС㡱֡վм䣬ֻչܱãĸѲ⡣
۵Ӱ죬Ϊ֮֮ʤҡЩ͵Ĺضʿĸ־ͻʶ¶ı顣ĻʻӺݵǹҲЩβ˺־ȤͶԸϵ飬ƽ֚Ρ
՚ԣȻû׽ȴҲЫԺ˵۹⿴µɼǫź㶼޶µľֻǰ߸עֻʵˡ
紺ʱڣúϰǺͣȴѣƽ֚⻷ңֻһ֮״ڽŽܵķ⣬ǹȴָӣ·ٽǺ͸衣ֻ˵ӣƽʱεĹӡǱҵʮȫȻҲ˵̬ˡ
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ǹҲǣ˹ǳЦβŹˣ羰ľҰȤ뾩ĸȣǸ
ޣǴҪβŹĻ±ȻɨԴ
ƽּžӣ֮ȻδҲϾأ
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ð뷨ǶԷֶΡҲ̫ˣô޴ôԷĿľǡ
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Īǵˣ²Ļ֯ңֻ辴֮⼴ɡһʱû˼ǸɴӦԡ
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ĪֻΪˣչֳԼĻϵܺ
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ȫϷϰɣظ;ˣҪʾĻأԶĴңҲΨȱϯ
㵹ãչʾԼʵˣ˵չʾԼļֵǰֻ̫ԶһﵹŬ޲ҪֳԼǹԮ
˳һᣬ֯ﵯ֮¡˵Զ᪸ǵ֯ų֪ĸ񾭣Ҫ֮񹫷ѵã̾Ҫ޸ˡ
ⱾǴڳﻮ׶Σδļƻֻǲ֪ɺˣȴһȴӽܴĹǱߡ
ⱳôνףǲƽ֚ĵ飬ֻϣᣬϵĲȡԾƶЧ
ӶԷδһƲеͨġ˵ǵзϵƭ˵ն̫֪壬ȴ̲סҪ


ڶʮһ Ϯ
»ʮ³ǽ봺ʱˣصũҪؼδũĴȻҲֻϢģս
ʱ򣬺ڹȴȻһ֧ǧ˵ľӡšⶤơӭҡž˧ݡһ֮ǰڵİüҡ
о֮ڣͳ֮УóѧϽóݣǰͽҳͨ²佫ֱ֮սľ
ûдغˣÿֻżտƽҰϷɳ۶
겻Ѯ׳꣬ѾдͷǻɫҲƣѸ˾Ӷߣɱһˡ⼸üҵʵǸѹﵱʵûʲôģλδ˥ġϽҲֻܶӾ󣬾Լ¶һ˿̬
ϣսһٳɹüݲУҲǼТĹǼеüͷҲ֮ȥ
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ۼеλ֮ϣѫȴǸ࣬ԶҲŲĵĬԳΪף乥ȡ
ҡҡͷЦϾʵݣͣӣô˵ǳǼƽ𣿡
ʵݻڵĻȨҵҲûʲô˵ģǼëûСʲôóȻûȥĻֱ¶һɾ֮⣬üֻһҪŻģֻܳ
ۼ޷˵ԷҲֻܼЦȥٲˡ
Ĺ֮ҵ壬µͬ֯ĹǼּңȴӡڰóΡ᪵ʮӴ汣˿ֻǼҳݣûּҷʩ
ʸˣӦóָ̳̣ƫƫ̹ӣܣԸھѣͶз
һڸû˺Ŷӵֻƾյ֮вȣǿȡȨ
ֻҪ˳Сץ˾ûʲô˵ˡűԼóݣҲֻ˰ο
СӵȻҪץóһ˿мϵļҶ·ֻҰһ㣬üȥͶ֯ųǸҲģ
̾ʲôأô˵Ҳɱοھ뻻ҶҲҲʵѡɣüһ̫Ӣܣ񷴵õˡ
̸˾ĿȻһʱԡ
ȳһݶӣβˣС棬Ҳ裬ֻ֮䣬ȴһƬѹֵľףż˼򵥽̸䣬Ҳѹ
Լ֮ǰҲںڹսϣüų˵ַǿ֮ƣһռʹݻ˷еķ޲Ϊ֮𺳣âʱǨȴֻԲ˵ľƣ͵Ϯעһ
սܣǾûȥɣó֣ͨˡ̾
ۼֵĻͳݶó壬ǳⲻֵͬҲڷټҵֻʣ¼ͷӺͺ޾ëͷС֧֡
鱨Ļ˵Ҳ߳ʤ㡣·ֵοϴдһʤüҵٶʮꡣ
Ըˡ˵ͷ
ͷ٣ǰʱķλüҵĵ·ˮ֮һվͿ˺Ȫ򾩶ķȥ
оȻδأֻҪ㹻ĻԷӦġ
ҾûָȥЦӺص߾ڰǵϢ֯ңҲδظһġ
бҲνˡóݲսɱУҲƽֻҪĿľʤ
ȥԭӣʿǽʳûͣˣ
ʹ´
ǣ
ʹŲͬķȥƬ֮󣬺ѹѹһƬľȺû֮

ָƶӵģǺպ½ҳͨҲ֮еλ͵һµһǧǰеǰ̽·˫ع
һ·֮ϣҳͨóʮƣֻǲġ
ѵüҾô𣿡
ÿôԼʱ򣬶ֻñĪ
ڵһﲻͬǣҳͨǳԼҴҵϡʱǱһ۵λã²Ҫ١üҵˣҳֻͨǸܲĽŰˡܲˣܹӳǧ¼ʿӱô
ҲΪˣóݺִھٹ⡪˵øֱһ㣬֧ӵָӹ٣ҳͨ޳ʱ˵֯ҺĻֱӶ
صĴ֯Ҷҫ֮ͻΧ֮ʱ¾ȡ°빦Ч
Ȼⷬʵڲ˼ųݺ˵ʵϣҲǲĵֻ֣ܶ´϶ԽܰȨľ棬ԸΪ֯˵һԱԱͬʤʵ
ô뷨̫ðˡʹҳɹһΣҲҵĽʱȴüҵĽμսֻҪһʧܣпҲ졣
һҳͨǣļҾ죬ڲֻʵĳ˹ʧɢˣûеõϢѾ֯ҵҲδ֪

ҳ֮ͨʱͷ嵽ǰ
Σ
оԼǧˣĻڰ࣬٣¶βˡ
βˣ˭
Ļƽ֚㣡
Ȼ
Ǹթ¶˽Ԫڣڡһȡǽ
ҳͨеֶ֣Դ˵֯ųɴ֮Ϳʼˡҳɵ뷨Ըü䡢潻֣ȴԸʹüƵļһ
ҵĶ𣿡
ҳֽѯʵ
ȷҵģƺûоƵ
㣡һΣյļһҲСȻóս󣬵ʹϡŹֵУҲͷ۵ĵˡ
ҳͨת뷨
ǣóݿ϶ͬɣ֮ǰھϵ˵壬ҲҪðһġ
һ˲֮䣬λȷͷʱĺ΢ȣʱ緢˥ܡľͷ˾ϺΪüҿӰ
ûʱԥˡ
Ҳգ͵ǴлһЯĶɣҳͨһγŶһӣ
αǰλɱУ


ڶʮ Ǻսϣ
ǣϱʱĻ죬ɽԼһٰʮʷ˳ΪŮɽңԼػڹľҲǸеļǣѡַʱû÷ˮ֮Ŵ⵽ˮϮڴлΪУڳսܵٹǷȻֹۡ
ǱƽǣͱٺӣȻϣȴտءһεĳ̣ȻΪڱ֮ȴ޸òǮ½ֻǼ޲˱ݺΧĳǽѡ
׺ɣ֮Сӭ˴ļ١ĻѣΪ˼̵Ļ¡

ɱУɱУɱУ
Եߺҳɼҵʿǣ֮㣬ǰӿȥСİ֮࣬ʿǧ٣۳һɫĺƵ̶ȥ
˿ûڱҲûųǹʿߡϵʿɢսǼһγɼų֮ơŸϵƤ״ľ䣬򼸺һɫĶǹ͵ȫǽⲫװ
ȷս³çҲżȻɺϣҳͨⰲţ㣬жѸ٣нɱѪ֮ѹȵзʿ
βŽʿ֮ĻڶЩķ֮ЩҲûʲôЩɫ˳˳ˮʱܳҡźٻһĻ֮ʦܾͻ
ҳͨϸ˼֯սľ֮󣬵óĽۡȻ˿ûѧѧȴʮս飬ʶܡĹݡصľƣ΢־жϳԷĵϸ
⻹иܼ˵Ŀǣһս߶㣬Щľʿܹһʱ䷵ȥսսʧ
ʱʱ֣δϢ˶ں֮УִҹѲʿҲƣʱ̣Ѿ͵ȥ˯Ҳ˵
˺޷һսʤһϣ
ҳͨһȣ嵽ǰٲλãԭפӵָǰӽڷͷĴ³Žɱȥ
ΪϳںڹĵȻָƣоĽ࣬ʱֵͻϮ
ȳǰģཻĿһǺڹҪġڽֵһͨġʮֵ··ΪģΧǴƬƳ¾ɵĹݷ󣬲ϱڲԫ䡣
ϲĳˣʢʱʮݣǽҪҵ֮һȻڹƲȣ˸ɾֻʣѳƷڷķӣȨ¼ʿʱݷ
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ǽǲt̨ϵڱɤӣ˼춯Ȼʱҳɼҵʿ䣬Ⱥһ㣬ɱǰ
˽̽ͷͱʿгΣﻹ·ǹʹ͸ؿڣ˻˯ͱ죬Щ˾磬Ҳ˲û˳֮С
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һ׼ȴȡģ
δȡз
ӸĵĸԴˣ
һʱѪ죬ҽ˵ս˵ɱ
ۣ·⼤þԣɱߣƺǰİţȫĳɱ¾СﲻʱЦһ󽫲Ѫֱ¸ոȡ׼ϵԼ䣬֮³ںɫѪ߼֮Ц׷Ч£µĽֵһµͿϡ
ȻûɶʵȨϾиüҶͷԸΪ򹤵˵治٣֮Χ̫һʱɱꡣ
£ϵ׼ʮ˾ߣС
ĿҳͨսϺֻüǰδš
ͽȻ˷طǿɶ񣡡ҳͨһȴҲ޿κΣǶԷҪСӵǴսͺˡǽڶϣֱȡУҺֻ׶񣬽
Ѱ಻סĴηӺХֱǺ޷ĴŶȥʱвܷų֧ļʸȴ˿赲
꣬죬ฯդ廯Ϊҽ˳©ſڱը޴Ĵڡ
ɱ
þ˳űըĿӣ۳һųڡܼ֮£˱Уȴ޾ɫ˿˼ٶȡ
ɱ״ᣬرʿ䣬ƺҲҡ
ҿǷǣ˻ر
С͹ȥ
ΰüҵɱˣ
ˣ̴󽫳ﵤ
û㣬֪ǲģ
Ļǿ֯ҲŻصûʲôʵϵѣ̣²ǿСˣһΣֳں֮ڵıˡ
ۿҪˣþӡ
ʱҳͨµʹ鿪ʼڳź
ֻ׶񣬽
ؾȻҡ


ڶʮ ǺսУ
ӽʱþڵλʱҳͨѳɵ񣬲ɨΧסǳأ˶֮֮ǡ
ֵĹǵΧرȫֻʣ·ԲٲСı裬¶һǡļĺ½޲ʯǽǽΪ̣װҳɾƣһʱûʲô취Χס
̫˳ˡҳɵĻ˵ǹ˳ˡ
ҳͨһһ飬ȷĿ겢δӱ֮ԼЩͶķ²ǣҲûаϰҪ𡣶ڵֿȴԴڳſ۵ĵطһٶ׻طʿڵں֮ڷ׷׷
ݾĿڷطʧıͳѾࡣټ֮ͶܹѾӽһǧӦҲûʣ¶սˡ
ΨһþָӹٵĵǣΪֹûпƽ֚жҳͨĵĵطһԶǻԴеȻʵѾزԷƺҲûʲôصļƲ߿ʩˡ
ο־ƣþٻͷˣóݺʵȨ˲ͬ⡣
֮ȲڻϣƳһȦΧˮйͨҳɵƽӡ
Ϊ۲ƺҲʮ⣬Ȼİţ
˰ҳͨıʧСϢɣָˡ
ǰҳɿܶⰲЩȻ׹ʱ˵ͷʾܰţ̲ס
̣ҲᣬҲ̣βŵƽֿ²Դеˡ
㻹С𣿡δ˵꣬óЩصһۣǰοʽļ򣬷·ҪģοҲ̫߹ȱˣǼϮǾı£ҲӦ
ûҲĬĬ˵ͷ֪ǵţǿԼš
ҳͨۼˣҲֻһ̾Ըˡ
˵
Ĵ˵ģϾͻезԮôͽɣóݣǧ˹𣿡
ǧӣóݰȻȻѧţػõǱߣǵı𣿡
಻ˣʮıôܲأٶĻչˡһЦ״·ֻصŹսҵʱա
²˳٣ʼɣˣͿˣóüŭ

ʱߣƽ֚ڰȫĵطԶԶؿŶԷϹľ״ȻǾܵġ
Ϊϵָӹ٣źһоȻգΪȴôɡ
رĳЩ͢Ļϵʱ
һŸ߹м䣬޹λƽ֚㱾˿۵ġǴ֯ҵʹߣĻҲֱ񣬴ǽ⽻ϣƽ֚ȻϰߣǲԴΪ֡
ҺĻɹѡϸТȻҲǳ߹󣬵Ǹӵܣо֮Ҳս۹ˡƽ֚ǹ˽ȻҲ̫İ
ʱϸТ鵹ôãþļƻʵ΢ʵģֻȥҲûа취
˵ĽǶȿλĻӵʮѣȻҲһͽĹΪĻ߹٣ȴûʲôʵȨҪĵطҲܲһ˲šĴŵǹ㣬׺߳ĺΩõá
ֻǣܵӵռݸλʵµȴûлȨļܳأ
ǰλϸТκδ¶ܹӱˣĻеλȴδغܸߡ
һ㣬Ҫıܹıġ
վѾʺĻˡ

ƽ֚ͻȻѿڶ
Ϊ֪˵ϸТ״ѵƽֵǴ𣿡
ǶھижȴΪɫ֪λŵʿ⻹ġ
΢΢Ȼ漴Ҳ֮һЦ˳ˮۣ˵
ٻʢŵļڼȴвҪǰлʮ𣿡
ԭƽֵоϸТȻӣüҲӺһʱҪսᣬȻʳȴҲҵΪźء
ƽ֚һЦҲðᣬֻǽӹͷ˵׺ɣ죬±޳̬֮ӣʷߵҲֻЩҳʿȴĬĬţʵڿϧ
ϸТһ˼Ự˼ɫͻȻʮָӣֻҡͷЦ
ƽ֚Ҳͣס˵ˡڼ棬ϸТǸֵܿˣĻͶ֯֮ǰͱŲ岻ĹϵֻҪ˵
λӣ
δսϣҲټǹ˷ܡ
ķŲѮ޹ҵƵı֮£ȴȵĹġ


ڶʮ Ǻս£
ҲѣǾͼѣڵҲҪҳŲ·ԸֻһЦתӪб󸿵Ļʿ
ǾΥˣʹûõα׼ܰ롯ȥһҲˣ
ʱ䣬ַؾƣڱץסᣬһͻ˱裬ץ˳̣ȻʱûѵټеĿҲһ롣
õǰǷ²ļ
ϾüҵĽӰˣֲҪɱ㣬αôżء㿴⼸¶˲١
Ǹ̡ȴֻǴ͵ؿ·ûмˡ
ʱװʶҲûôţȵȡ
ǣ˰ΣͻȻȥڶԷصز¡
ָһЩ״͵ɫͿϡ
ѵӰߣ
һͰˮȻɾ
ǰеʮƣֻ΢һ㣬Ȼе񵫾Բڷֱ治ֻǾַ֮󣬲ϸȥʮϤ֮սḻҲͿ
һȥһؾƭ˹ȥϾ̳Ϊ£ص˲Ϥ
ǸӰߵһȻ·Ѵ־˵ˣһٹı꣬¼Ķӵʿʮũˣ
Ѽһȥˣ
һŭŰӰ߷ɳȥ
ѵ鱨Դ⣿
ԣṩǳǼңǾվĻһߡ
ǾǶֹڳ壬żꡣ
Ѻ̾ûֱ£Ǵ͹֯ҵľرƽ֚ȴпܣǰߵԲ˵ҲŪ˽Ԫˡ
ڻҵʱͻȻһ
óݷ룬Ҵҵؿ˵ΣΪʲôԷԮѺ̵ţ
Ϊϵˡ
̾һгûڡ
ܣǴֻ칦ôй¶ô죿
Ȼ˵ǵĿĵȷǱ¶ˣ
ҳͨεƿ˽Ƿʩ񵽣ǸնҹǣǸϽôͻΧɣ
ȻٲȻ־૵ΪѾûȥĹȺˣֻһ
Ƕ侲㣡óüͷϵղҲǹˣԷʩôܵļƻ漰ܶˣҲ̫లźõķǵ֪ϢǰԮĸغѣȱͳһָסǵġ
ҳͨͷͬ⣬ԥܻҪ˶Ϻа
ĬĬ˵ͷһһؿڣؽңΪһκ
°óüͷøˡ
Ⲣ¡󲢲Ǽ򵥵飬ָӵĻ˳صĿߵģ
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ԷЦҿû׼ֵǰ棡
ҳͨˣֹ
Ƭ̣˼Ĭͬʱɢȥָµıж

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ţʱȻؾڡѾִٵص˵ͷԵЩţʶڣһۣսƾأ
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úãҾڳս°ʮǹ֣ͨϻͷ漴Ҫתȥ뵽ЩʲôתһԵƽ֚˵
Ҳ֯ҵķսһ
˵꣬δһŽ̵Ĵӵ´Ҵȥ
ƽ֚㵹ûңңѵıӰ񡣽㿴ԵϸТ겻ѣһɸֵģ
ǰȻçײ֪ͨʼձĻľģ־壬ǲŻһĻЧҡλǿƫƫȱ˵һ⽣Ӱ㵨
Ĵ󽫾Ͼʿǹ䣬оȻŷȻһﳤ˵ҪѪƺ˵㣬˭ּͥأ
˵ŵӵĻǸ֮ӡĻȨ£Ƿתء
ƽ֚һʱʱԵϸТƺѾ飬˵ƽֵҵҲһɣ
ޣˣعǸһЦһʱˣǱǸˣ
ǰɫƣƽֵ˵䷶ϸТһ䡣
ʶлϸ˼ƺʲôû˵ˡ
˴Ŷǰֻ˽ǹֳŲ䣬ָĻԨơȱڳƣǰ
˷սյ룬Ϣ©ԲսӽĻֱϽɽǹڣ࣬ȴ൱ߡ֧Ѹٿʼжˮ
ӺͨĹĵ·һƬƽԭտأäĿ󳷵ĻһǧڳһǰصͣСɷֶĻɱԹͼ䲼ãԼױ£Ѱ󷴰ΪʤĻᡣ
ѧǹȻҲ׵óѣǴøֶӲݽ˴ڻԷϮΪΡ
ǰĻŲңϮֻͽȻǹϸıԣǰסƣಿ£ɢϷɽˡ
ʱǹѾùϵҲţֻǴһʹƽ֚ǰ
Ȼ岻ݴǡƽȻʿֱѲúõ׷ȥ


ڶʮ ս
ԭǸûдԽߴڵʷУڵһ˲С䶯ġ
ʱ֯һûжϮ׼Щüҵֻ֣ƾϸǵ˵ķսԼڽһЩ˵֧Ԯſͦס
ĻʵȨȻ꣬޿ɵλýŵλû꣬ͱжɵǿνǼĳš֧֯´ǳּңҪ澡ʧ
Խƽ֚ĳ֣ǰ˴˴Σ
ڣɣе֪ǣĴ󽫾ѼǣΪֻڵõϢϮͼд棬ȴ׼Ļ۽ڵıͷóݼƲŲбԶݣʾսգı£ѵǱ˻ȥҳͨΪ˴󲿶ӣ֯ҵĲ²ˣ
лвΪ˵΢֮ǣҳͨδûŪʲôиľٶʵʵ˷²еԢ⣬ʶ֮ʿȻܹס
ʱڣûʲôٷý塱֮ĶڣڶʱȻƴԿ䣬ͻҵĹף˳رѵá
Ļصͻ˽һָӵãΪڳλߵֻҪվ䵱ܷȥٹͣϸƵ˵ķսȴЩԡ
һƵĵȡ׼ĲӶңңȵġԶ۶ĿиĹۣɡˡı
ԼûȡʲôܻھڡҲٲЩͨƣ⡰ۡ棬ɱѺˡ
Ѷ֧ԮĳʤˡΩһƱСȻûսȴҲȡʹˮĻᣬмʮ׼ն
Ȼ򣬵зҳͨȴʵʵ֯ҵܻαҴ컨׹ҲûĨȥݹ͡ƽ֚Ҫ˵ЩʲôȻȥ
СؤҲ֪ƽץסҳɡš
Ҳǽܸľ»ʮ괺̸۵Ļ⡣
ھ񣬶ټЩ棬ϢҲɵ÷׷׸пձվҪˡ
֮ǰҲңóǰüһֱǹϵµһǿƿԺϸɽһȺԺյϼһȻκβǡ
ҳͨµһǿУǿŵʮλҵʵȨʿռҳȽǰ塣
ܹܴˣѺΪ²Ȼǹҫŵѫʮձƶʿܲأ
սϡǽƽ֚Ӱӡ֮ԭЩľƹǣȴ׷¶ˡı顣
һȡĽβ󸨣ҲҪƽ֚ĿھǡڡȻҲЩβΣ
ⱳֲһ⣺ƽ֚ѾôˣǺվŵ֯ųʲôأ
˹㷺ȤһЩ˲ԡȻв˾ã֯ųȻվ޳Īƽ֚ﲻþ£ô󣬸ĻϵֺܲسΪܵһôġ
еʶȻ֪ʱʱͬһõ
ҺɵӰ˼ʵ̫ˣɱ߷ĴҲ̫ˣҵĽŴγ󻹱ɱˣϸɽεȥȥλٴһľѾûѧäǾԼˡƩ类ϳŨػСԭʱﱼʮѰ󲿷ְոû˵֣
ȤһŮȥˡʲôɫˡҲ˵ҲһЩԳƼô˵ûȷϡǾǡܻ֡ҳͨʿԶֱļʿ˵ƽ֚չǽȻνһˣŮʿôĶȴ춼ܼġ
սŮܻȻѵˣҳͨŲߣʱ³ǹ˵ʿŬܰ뱲ӵǻһ롣µһȴеøӹˡ
ʵսѾһˣֱֻǴŶʮƣ˵ɢеҳֻͨʣƣҲǳɾطһغϵĽ涼ûۿ갷ȴ˼һġ
˿ƽ֚Żھ·߾ʱͣǡڴƹĴۡ
³˴ˣҳȴǵ˴ùѽҳɴ˹Ϊ٣ǡ
˵ļһδظüʲô꣬Ҳδıʲô̬ͬȣֻϰ˴ˡȻûȻĻģԶȱ
ٺ٣Ǽһ湻ŵģԼɽǹػ𣿲һĲ֪ѣ
ˣȻҲĸüжĳֻǿҳͨĳˣھҲʵ
ô˵֯أβŵһ´ض͹ļһȥûйϵ
԰ʲôóģ˭ִ·ҲһǮǣڵ֪λֱʲôӣǰֻܾ￴ǰļʿ벻Ĵڰ
̫ª˰ɣǾܶŮ˴Сϰ
ˡΪŵʿҲҪҳ˰ͨıĵ˲
ιιǾҾ͸ķһѵ
Ϊһϣ˲ҪĽŵ˲۹
ѵڲͬ֯ҵľѲأ뱻׽ɱ𣿡
ƽ֚㲻΢΢ͷΪΰתԸοԺƽļ䣬Ǹ߲ȵߣȻԻҺͱС
ֻƬֺ̣
ȻǸѵõļʿҿһǸ˹ְɣĻмбƯƯŮ˰
ˣͲҪ˵ǸƯŮ˵Ļƽּôôأƽ֚ʱ̳ˡĹ;
ţ滹ʲô𣿡
Ҳ˵ģ˵Ѿ֯ҵͷɶ񣬵ձҲġʲôҪ𣿺ðɺðɣҺȾƵϾͽǣ
Ƭ̣𡣚°õĻ˵˾ʱġξ֡
ǺüǰˡʿԶҵˣδܼˣСС⾮ԭҲǸС˱ңŮӱŸճĩӳֻʣ¼͸ˣҪƽִ˵ıѾ׷ɱˡ㿴ƽִûȥԶҪþҵλ˲˾ҵôõᡭ
ô˵ֻһˡ
˶ۣ
Ů˺ͲС˰ɣһҹλƽִ˵Ʒζδ̫˰ɣڵĵλѵȱŮ𣿡
߿߿һǲŮ˵СӣʮŮ˲˼
ǰйűзζ
ƽƽŮ˼̫ˣǸƽִˣ˵Ҳᡭ
ʮ꣬ȴûн飬üߵŵ𣿡
λǵͬٺ٣
⼸쵽ķ׵ȥҿ˵λҪЯһ¾ͷ˰
ۿЩƿԽԽףԱߵļŭĿҪЩһѵƽ֚㵹ϾԼҲһϲԵļξֱԵԱ
Ƭ֮󣬾ѣ
ڹΰ˾ƽּЩ˵˵ûһ㺦𣿡
Щ˺е㺦µӣ˼һɢˡ
ôһɢ֮󣬚㷴Щģ˼ۣȴǸʿ
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ܻҳ֮ͨϲɱܳΪһöʮõӡڱܻ⣬ֻʣʮ໥ֵԶҶԣƷ̩սνΪѰζǣüҵĴ󽫣Ӳ֮ʵʵرץסƺǺиԾΪҾҵ뷨
ƽ֚ȴҲȡ˲Ϊ˵ս
ǧֱѾ꣬˹ͣҸҲԷİѼˡ
ֱ˵˻ĻҺᡣάּصѾ൱ƣ˰ɡ
ڷµ֮Ҫȥ⡭
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ǲصƹŷˡ
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ƽ֚˼׷ɣҵǰ΢΢Щ̾ǸǿٻӰȴǻһЦ
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ʱ̴ӵǳҰѵ
˵ͷʾ⻤·
Щƹ֪ǣǺսȻ˾޴Ҳͬʱһֵɽ
ɽ󣬲Ҳ֪֯ųλصġ


ڶʮ Ӳʩ
Ҫս˵
Զ᪸ǵų֪ˡþϮĻɱˡһŵϢȻܵǴʹ뾩ʾԼʾΪά
ⱾǽԴϲ֮¡
ųͬʱƣĻȻλδԷڣüҲŻд˲֮١ųѾһ飬ϣ˲ɡ
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ښҲһݸƪһֻоž仰
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ġĻҳ֯͢Ұź͸𾯻
塢ֹκֱ򽫾ֱߣ
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ĽҲͬеһЩȻβˣȻܾˡ͡족֮λΪҪĻָֻ֮ţĪΪ߸ʱ
ԹǺģŵĉUֱǳһϳ˽·ԣų㲻ϾҲӴ
ƽ֚˴ǰΪ˷ֹ鵱淢ġ
ϧһʱ䲻̫᪸Ǳߵʵ뷨ҲûõʲôȨϢųһύɣ뼸βųЩģصܥĹϵŵľǸϵһӲԵʸҶ
֯ؾƽ֚㡢微ʤUֱˡʸҶƫƫˉUֱUֱֱ˵ѡƽҲͰˣϴ微಻ڴô򵥴ֱҲ֪ʸҶԼӲųرҪ̼һĻ
뵽ƽ֚ĻϵƺʱѾܲˡ
Һʷķչûб̫ƫԺļ仹𵽹ؼԵãǽܰ·ϡ
¾֯ʽѣӦû硣ҪȳִڵһгСûԮĻλֵСĹˣǲʲôġ
ĿĵǾҰһشƽ֚פɽ뽫ڵ֮䣬˵һ·ǰȫƽ֚㾭ɱ֮󣬶ȫȻҲ˳ʮľЩǴĹ¶ѡȡģĲ⡣
ǳҰԣҪǹˣȻǷʽ˽»Ҳ˼öԷȴƽ֚Ҫ˼̫࣬Ҳûú磬ʱŵֻǲԷƺٵòżӰ
ͼƽִ˾úʧ̫ʧˣ
˻δȵɤȴǡ
ͷˣǸͷĻִ£ԭ֮ҵŴˡųܾˡ족֮λĿǰ±ԴݵλΪߡ
ƽ֚ƽӭͣȴʼƽϡӵ̬ȣԷƫƫ١ҲˣȻŵı֣ȴԵʮּУȴˡƲȥǶԷӪУԽìܡ
δ˼λҲ˽
ǹȻʱƽĹӰĶšȻ俴Ѿ̫ôˡȴȫȻյ򶨣ַ΢΢Щձͼ첽ߵʵڸϽӣֲͣöͷϵĺ顣
ʵǴˣ·ͿʼˣǸЦЦֽŶƽ֚˽͵ǰڱ˵ĳ¿˼乭һʱ𣬱Ȯһû뵽ι˱ϵľˡ
ʲôϷأ
˵ǰλıȷʵ̬ˣƽ֚ļ䣬ƺѾˡʱ˻ϣѾǳ١ֻ֣˾ྫĥıƣȻķϵġښ֪ʷͶַ֯ıɼʮֻԾϣ
ǧҪע塣
ȻʱŪԷͼǿӦõģϾԷǸǰţҪٷ䣬Ǳǹȴӹͷ
ЩСڽ޷ֵòĵȴҪǰ˳ƩһжȱСǶȻ޷Ƶġ
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֪ǣλִȴǲ̫ùȻţʸϣ£Ļڶ˵λӣĻȴֻһԨһɫľȺüҪ֯ȡǿӲ̫ᣬǹλֲΨ˵ϻġ
ֻǼѹѣͬͬ飬ƽ֚Ҳܵ
ֻЦҡͷ˳ŶԷĻ˵Ȼֻǡм֡ҪɾǾ빫ϼʱԸ֪أ
һֻ̾ǹЩС˲ԣȻĹ֯ﵯǷͷƽֵת֯ﵯջЩպҸʵĻأ
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⡭⡭
һʱ֪δ𻰡


ڶʮ Э
Эεʷ״ֵġͬǰ֯ҵһ
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ŵķ֮£ǿ֯ųľȣų˵ﾩ֮佨飬Ҳҧˡ
ӦĽǣԭ֯յľʽĻ¡פɽǵƽ֚㲿ҲҪڽ֮󳷳微ʤص᪸ǣֻ¸볯͢ĉUֱ֯ҡ
ųִľǮļַһ³ǹסԲף˫ˮܥƽǱǡ
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ųԼκȪػҪõͳν֡õҲֻǸְˡ
㣬ô͹ػְ֮õųɱͳһ͹ڵĳŵ
Щ֣еԺӵܣеǸҶϳҲиոͶϹĵطʵɡΪЩ֣ĻִзͣΨֵλ۳
ƽ֚Ҳ١ʱڴߣǼű𾯽䡣Ȼþձˣһʱ޵ˣʵȫݲѺų˵ϻˣͨĨǵĹϵҵɽǵĚ㡣֯ǱߵĲҲϣӴһ½ܵĸ
һ£ÿ춼ھæѡеʱմӲҪȥϯ硣Һʱųÿڳ͢Ļжȹʩ
ڼ仹еҳͨݽ֪Ҿʧɢ֪٣ίʯŵȥѰ
Ҳǰйһ֮ԵˣɽԼȹݷãϣ֮ڣų
ѹݷãԴǿУ֮̾⡣һͷöʵս
ֱųټűлͣ

֯ųļȻһСߴʽף糾͵־ֱ޵
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һʱ˼衱ĺ塣̧ͷȥųҲŸɫ
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ˣҪȥַڤ粻֮ѾӦˡӴΪ֯ҳҪΪĻЧ
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ʷϲֻ֯ڵǹϸТǽôˣңΪʲôأѵǸոյһ̣ͷ̫
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˵Ϣ֮ǰųᵽнҳͨ顣
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ɫ㳼Ϊֱǳе飬ЩɾӦƽ֚βŨкͼ֮˺ɮ֮ʮܻӭʶҲȵ𣬶һ֯ų͵⽻˲ţõҲΪ档֮ºﳤסŵͲԶˡ
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ﳤףţдһ϶¼ҼΣӳ̫͡ôȴųԾܾ֮⣬ʺϵǵɽˡŨҲгӵܣ¼ʶǲΪΪȱһ¶Ļᣬ㳼ʮϲýΣڱиõĻᣬŲԥ
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ˡ
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δ·ϡϾʷǸְ˵ġ


ڶʮ ĻȺӢ
ƽ֚㻹ڲ⣬ųǾ仰Ǻ⡣
ͬʱھǡ
֯ﵯǮ˳򣬲򽨲ĸǳ£ʮչ򣬾ùס³ǡ
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ڵĻִһȨûλִ½Ϊ˷ֹ֯˫ִνʵڲԸЩ
ȻָԶЩŵġڡԨӢȴҲĿ˻һжʱ
ǣųʵҰģȫȻû壬ֻǴĻͼı˽
Ԩˣüǲʱ䣬ݺɣ
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ϣˣͿƲסˡ
ΪҲǷѣֱ˫ȣǰĲƷŭ
ΪĻȴҲòѭķ£Ҫüҵľ𣿡
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ڳλòһ̬ɵĴźˣҲֻһ˵֯ҵĻ
񹲷ߣҪ⵽Ӧ
ۿܴ˶Դᱲ޲֮
ųȷʵࡣ
Ӧ˺ߣ֡ǳ´ַ֮
Դǣ䣬ҲͰˡһ䣬ִ²òվ۶Կ
µķ߿֮飬λ޶¡ۿ֯ƴĻ£Уֻܻͼҳ֡ǳλҲδؾһ
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ֻƿԡ
һɫٳ仰ǵذˡȫµļһԾΪĻ߲㡣˸ոԪڶ磬ʲôˡԨһɫЩΪǸǰϳôСһϣ
ûȻػԨĿⰵʾһλڡɽǰػľѹᣬʷѣ
ִ´˵ġͼ֣ȻǲġȥͼܷԣֻŴΪ֯ųѡԷҪƹ˵ʮ飬ȫδڸǰѺȪػҲ͸ųһ˭ڡͼ˭أ
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ʱѲòվƽϢ̬ˡ֯Ǻõģľѹһȫȫ𱸣ëˡӻĻʵŲòòֲĺѶϿɵģΨһϧľ̫
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պҪָĻעְܣҲҪйػʵȨͬʱô֣´ʹ̲׳ұˣųȻҷΪ֮ʱûպȪƵأβšŨȻǿ
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սĻΩѾȥϸǽϸТڱɽפءټϸǹ㣬˵ݡ
ҺʱԹҪҳȥˣһЦѡ֯ҳƽ֚㣡ųԺ»߷ǹ㣬Ҳ֪ȻҲԸ߹ջļҳ
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ԭ˰һ˵£ȮղϵһʧǻȰˡ¡Ȼ漰˽ڣ˰ɣ
šֵص˵ͷ
뵽ŲѾҪһ޶¶մֶһ壿
Ϊ֮ĻͿ¡
Ϊⲻô˵ȼ


ʮ ͵в
ϸĵĽˣΪƽּ
ԽʮóһĿףЦǺǵذǧ贩ϡľƣСγߴ磬С̫ȡȻֵʲôǮȷʵһ˼
ʮô˼
ͥԺ߼ܿյľϣ֯ﳤĵĚ㣬˵ôһ䡣
ǺǣǺǣһС˼佱ʮϲͣͷ¾
ϣԽʮɻƽ֚ļҳҲûֻʵϣҳһҲûϹս
ѩǧҲҪǧŮĹĵضһԣ˫Խʮɸ׼մޣǰһִϡϾʱŮø죬ܼβ಻С
ʮеΡ
˴С㣬Ҫ´Ρ
ɱ֡ôΪ鷳أ˻ֹ֣ԭΪûѩǧŮСˣû뵽ڼҴ˼ԭα¶
ǡ
ء
Сһˣ֣ƽֱּϹսκطƺڲԶĺ㡣ķŮ˵Щ뷿˽
ڳȫһݡ

֯ųűھûл󲿷ϲҲаšصϢǣʤҡüʢɭɳɡд޽ַϽǣפأԴǿµ̵ƿأҲʱ֧Ԯ
ƽ֚ݼٵʱѣ᪸ǵ֮⣬ݻˡ
˵ǰλ½ػ飬н˻ųǰءښݣѾһСõˡ
ʶ⼸͵׵ĺʱ⡣
㹦򣬼ʿҲʽΪĲҡĻݡֱǴݼҵİʷҵӣȻҲҪӦ֡
Ȼܻٲ˵ġ֯ﳤƽ֚˫ص׼ңָߣòӦٱЯżСݷõԽʮɡ
Ǻӵı磬ǿݡټ֮βЩĸҲݵˡ
ƽԼҵݣǲŲ˼ŵˡƽּӼطǰûʲôìܵģʾãѾָĽ
峤ɺֳΪƽ㵱Щϵδԭ¡ҲƤ̽ùֻǱ㲻ĿƮۣ㵨սľƬ̾ӵˡ
й̳ȥ常ֵܣ͸ܶܳʱˡκȪػƽ֚㣬Ǹֿȵȴ͵øС

֯ﳤƺʮֲĶҪǿࡣµļĿҪȶʮһ͵İ汾һЩûֵܼչ٣ۿԼҪȻҲòżĿֱͶ¡
ʱƽּԳƣ룬ȥϢˡ
常Ҫ塣
ġϷûʲôֻ֢׷
ȥͷЪϢɣȥ
Ǿͺ߶ˡ
ƽ֚ȻӶ˷Ըȥź֯ﳤʰ̡
ãվ񰡡ҡҡͷ˵ֳˣ֯ų֪࿤վˮ·ʣ֧Ԯ񴨺;ŹλƹĹԡ
ˣĪǶ²̫𣿡³档귽ڣùȣһĽҵ
ǵǡֻǡվʱ̷̫Ȥȡ񴨣սãǶӢۣʿְ֮
Ǻǡ
վҪˣ
ʮ·̣أ
лԣҲףںȪ쿪ʤ

˼λˣֽ͵ŮֻʣԽʮɡ
ôҲ
һеСҪ˵ǼҳʮɣԴǾֹȻࡣ
ȻҲӲǷڡʮǰ̫񣬷ֻᾪŵ
£Խʮæֱӡ
֪кηԸһ߾ܣ𡣡
šҲҪˡ
ϣЩǰλݵĹ
ΪУרŸС֮£ù˽㣬̺⼸ʮɾӪβĿרȨҲ֣ܲסĿǰ֯ΧڣԽݸƣҡ
ԽʮˣҲɵ꾫꣬Ϊĸ̡̬
ֻǽԽԽ࣬˲ǵ飬˫Ҳʧȥȷϵֻʣ
ڱ⵽ȪҪ򽻵ϵҪá
ǴҸʽĻٹͨģǰк
Ǿֱʵ
ʮɿ˵飿
ȷжšʲӰ£ҳףءԷطػػڴ˱㹧κȪػСѱ
ȲҪʣ㡭Ըȥƴһأ
ʮԣһ־Ȼ飬
¾㱸ֻ仰أ
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ٺò
ϾǴʱɣ˵԰
㲻Ծǰ𣬿ʼͬԽʮɽԼ롣
ӡ˰˼ţˡ
ȻᣬǼ򵥼۸ߵãҪѭһ֮桭ʱûйϵ
ǲȾָġҪֻһϣԷչ
һ̸ȥֱҹĻǹţƽ֚ʶԼҪϢһġ


ʮ ҳ
˵Խƽ֚֮󣬾ͰњĶӴŨ縣£ڸɽϴ˼ݣǧȻҲλʦڸס⣬ÿ²ŻؼϢա
ȥӭӸףˣǹƽ֚ż˰ȥ᪸֮󣬾ŶѧȥԱʾԵӽӣ˳ҲҪΪҳλߡ
һ·۳Ͷ٣֮ҹŴ齵࣬ҲǱ˷ġųŶʮ̻ټǧļͯҲǺƺƵһ֧飬ôȥ
Զڽܵʱ򣬚ż˵Դƽּ֮ҷ׷Ч£Ҳȥаͻʦʱ򣬻ǴΪһ
Ũ縣£᪸ǲԶټһɡʱ˥չڷԲЩӰǰЩ֯ųŨӳ᪸ǣָ縣³Ϊ֯ҵ¡
ֻǲ֪ΪΣԭס֡Ŀ촨ϲ֯ۿҪסŨǰȥ˼ΪЧųеѿҺÿ촨ϲ֮ͽƽ֚ĽԽΡ
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ӳȻһɽ䡣ֻµɽ·Ȼ֪ʱոµݷмڿ⡣
սҵΪñʵɲӵҵȻ˵֯ĺĵشƺûҪ²⣬ȴҲû̴ͣǶǧѯˣ
һȦָ½ľṹȻһ¡Ǻʱݵģ
״ˣȥꡭ£Ѯ½ֱҲءǧƬ̣˻شʱԥҲ˳ֻһӲǸ꺢ͯ
š˵ͷּʣ֪Щʲôھס
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״ˣΪѧġݲôѧӣһЩ
ÿζ˵ЦӵԴǾò˼顣縣¹ģס˶⡣У˶ٵӣŻס°
֪մʦ˶ѧЩʲôˣһ䡣ĺ벿ûָܴͷֱȺԳ͵ĺӦеˮƽܰòѾˡ
û뵽ǧԴĥ˰Ȼ𰸣
ס
ݸι˾ӵĶ䣬
ղ˵ʲôÿζ˵ġ
ǡǧ˿ָ´𵽣ءǸ϶յӣ֮⣬ֻĸյö࣬εʱ򣬴ҪаУŲɶУһʮšкϤģɭҡҡݼҡҵˡ֯ųļҾżҲ
Ȼ򵥣ϻش˚֪һĺӶԻǲ̫ס
ôˣܵ𣿡
ţƢԺãӲѧȴӣᷣѧվڴ档
ԭˡټ죬֪λδã
ҪԸҹ⼸չֻܽ⣬˵ȥ⣬Ҳ顣

ӱߵɽ·ġǧףڳȴҲ֪˺ӵܽ
ԭպмСߣֻѧΣϸ¼ÿ˵üҲץúϡѧԴͯƽּҵľɵȣȫӣֻǾԲǷκζ
аٲȻ߲ͬܣʮѧϰ鵱ж٣ڲݵ¶ڿΡô⣬춯⡣ֻҪ춯㲻ܡѧ͵͵ߣӶ
Ҹÿ磬ʱаʱ
˵һ㣬ʶ˿漴ϽźӼӿ첽
Ȼǳٵˡ

ʱɣɣȫûءƽ֚Ҳֻǵ˵ͷת߽ȥ
δ𴲣Ȯͳŵʱ۵Ҫᡣɽʱ·ֻ̣кһ䲻ɵĻ
ǧ赹ʮʵؾصرֱţͷڴ˿ҵ鵱Ǹֻܸŵͷ¡
ѧ棬Ҳʦؽ̵̬һ˶ڿͷ
ֻûȴֿǧʰԭγ̾ȻѾˡѯһ֪ȻҪΣÿҲһʱˣ̵ʱֻаʱʣµľͽѧȥжΣڵɮ˸ල
УղŻתԱöׯڿ죬ǿۡ
¸һ䣬ȴƺñ˸ӦˡͻȻźƽǰʩ˵
ʲڿΪأʧ֮ƽִ˺
һƵ̬иɮ֮ǡ
ǧպڸߣӦҲһ񣬴˿æԸڻȥ
ƽ֚л
ʦˣʦͽӦġ
źӵ棬Ҳֻ̬ͬӦɨɴǧüĶŵм֮顣־ȤβµطǷǳˣֵȥ
ûȻٺȥתǧطȥȵӳԶˣŷɵȥͷҲأ˵
Уװɮȷģ
ѧǰʣòΪˡҲָ˽³ϵ̹״̬
ƽ֚ȴƺǻҪΪѣ׷ʵ
Ȼ֪ҵ֮أΪһֻϿΰʱӵ𣿡

㵱ƶɮǷӦ𣿡
תͷû˵ȴһˡ˼
ðɡеҲУֱ˵ƶɮڿ죬Ϊͯӿɣڷ¡
ҡͷм״
ȷˡҲΪ֮⵽ֻҪʶĶּɣ˵ʮ귽ſۣ֮ǰҲ֪Ȼ֪Ȼˣҡƽִʲô飬ΪҪ͵أ鷳ƶɮģ
аٵرԹһ䣬ȴÚЦ
鷳ǷÿʮÑǷ޴˵Ըһ֮
ҲЦʦȻ鷳ȴʵСǮôټڵӰּġѧޣȻҲȫֻʣۺϿǵӰ졣ѧ̫࣬ųͿҪڽ̵ӰǷ󣬵ֻѡȡԻǰ;ġ
ǧڴһꡣ֪ѧÿɺãΪѧҳȻҲⲻҪ⡣
պüԳ˱׼ҹӿܴϻˣ񷨣͸裬飬ʷѧöȳҪöࡣʣҲгԽ⡣ǡ
Σ
ӢŶԣƩҶԣδ⻹ȱЩĶ;
УǺǫ飡
ٺ٣һˣαѧȽЩ
Цʼ䣬ʱƽ֚㷴ͻȻɫһʵضԺ˵
ɴʦд˽̵Ȯӣ¸м
һٶŪû΢ЩΣǺһЦҲͻˣ̶Цݲ䣬ĿȴЩص˵
˵ȷüдˡ


ʮ Թ
дºܣƶɮҲӹҶȻԸйȴҲطҪСʦ֮Խ̵Щѧӣͬ磬ʮ󵱿ЧֻѰŵڴǷľƽּŲվܲꡣ
ӭаҾһʮֱʵĿס
һʱδζҲ΢΢ײ䵽
пα߰ƶҲҪΪź롣βʮǰ̣Ǹƽּˣòл
λʵˡ䣬ȴɡ
ԭ⣬Ȼġ
аΪ˽ûʮܵãԸóȻˡڽ̱ܸӣͶķȻۼ֯ų֮ƣȴԳɶ硣ƽ֚ѵ͹ѧö˶Ӳˡ´ơСԴ˵βҵЧ£ǽˡҲλʦĽѧˮƽν˫ȡ衣
ҶסȻΪʲôҪɷнµǿһأ
в⣬԰뿪Цﾳʵ
޶ۣ֪֮⡣λ˺Խңԡ
պеһ񣬺Դԥ˵ͷƽ֚ܿϵһ˿ǡ
Ƭ֮ȿڵа
ҵȣȹؼˣκȪػְ֮ˡ
ûȚػֲ˵
ֻǴеԴǣȴ֣ԴƺЩǡΪǵ֯ﵯų̬ȡתһ룬˼׿ϣְ飬Ļ¶ҷ˽ԽܡҶ˼ȥΨһĽǣǡ
պζһۣͬ˵
֯պѣ
ɫʱһ
ԼᵽļʣȻλ߷ˡ
ڱʷҲδû֮⡣
ֻǡ
ΪƽּˡթӥҳԼհԶɲ⣻ԼΪص
˹ȻŵѪζһͬҲֻԥعϷŲ򲻵ò档
һų˼¶أֻǿԼȴˡ
ֱ죬˽³лնģλѶϡſֶƽ֚ʮģʶֵõĵĺۼ˳
ȷʵʱ˻δʶ֯ķ磬ֻ͹˷ĳ̶ȡȴ֪ԭʷ棬ɹֻһ꣬˫ͱʮּңй֯ҲһȴڴΣС
óʱսʱͣ˴˵Ӷ໥̵бġϾʱͬˣͨء͡Сֶ֮Σ֯ңصͳƿȴͳػǿ̫ҪĻ顰ǡ顣
ʱĳЩ˫ꡱľܾҪ¿ǡ
ĳЩ˫ꡱ˻£Ҳһϲ⡣
üؽ֮ʱаͳƽͶʮ
׵пǵģ˶֯ϡȻϸϸĿ֯ܲܶĻնɱ̲աƽּˣܵɣˣİȻĻ˼ֻ֯ﵯҲԴ˸еŭƾһŭóȻ¡
ҵĻҪöࣺ
֯ﵯΣƶɮѶ飬Ũڶ޵Уˡʼˣ֯ϵĶ壬֮Σ
һﾪˡ
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ų·ֻô֣кʱһᣬʵˡҲƽ֚ŵȪ䱾ԸֻҪչõĳɹֻּɣ࿼ǵĲ졣
ʷϵüʢͨʤؾ͵ˣҲ³֮󷽲ܶ˵ġڴ֮ǰʮع
ΪʲôԼȴ벻أ
кͻηԣ
һ棬ĽܵΧ֯β޷ԮʵҲ̫⡣в֯ҵģǳǳԶëʯɽ򳤵һڡȪ޷ĳڵĮɽạ̃Щ˰ˡҲ˵δؾվһΪУƽּĶ֡
ʯɽԸ£ڣ鷳Ȼ˵࣬ȡ㣬Ҹòܣ޴󰭡
ˣ˷ȪһΨһҪ׷һĲΨ㣬֯ﵯǹˣֻּʩӳ⡣
˻ᣬմ˹Żܵλ¸һء

һһӣͰǰķգȻƬ̾ڡǣʵ졣
ǰΨҪõģһһҪɨʱĲеУںȪվȽŸܽʮʯϽתΪԼǧſԲڵ֯ųѵ
ҡ
˵ôһ䣬Ϊһβ
ԣƽ֚㲻ɵʧһЦ
ʶ®ɽĿֻԵڴɽС˵գԹ塣
Ũа͡¶¶šңȻǷˡۼߵͣҲû˻Ϊ߱񴨣õƽ֚֮ϡڶԴƵжϣʱ˱ƽ֚㻹׼ȷ
ֻأҪϵһʱȻЩˡ
ʱȻ⣬ΪʷЩԣȴȻҪȺְıͬޡ
ǰһ׼Ȼа뻢Ͷվǻ˽յĻر


ʮ 
ƽ֚Ϣʮ죬Ž͵᪸֯һסڳ·գշ󣬹ŮĽ⡣ɣ¼βȥˡ
ȴʿֱλĻĲ⣬ҷ˰Ȯ֪˭Ľ飬ִŮѡһԸũҳõ㷿̴ů
㻽С֦ûСУˡ
ļһʱƽּҵլɫ԰
ʵӣӹ̫졣ʱΨȨ˲ü˰ʡΪ׷ȨֻٴңȪΡ
ǰȥǼʮ־ļҳʿ䡣ԭһֱǵ߰ũսսʤʹͷ񣬼֮дũԷ֣תΪõְҵʿЩʿƽּǨȪ
˸˵֪ĻᣬػʿУȻ˸߲ҵϼҴǰȥˡ
ƽ棨ΣǱ߾е鷳ͳũߣֻʮܳС
Ҳ֮ÿͼ룬ֱǳҰʮ¶ʹ±ѧɹľŸҽ
ڹ¶ǳҰһʱģò˶ʳҲͬˡһӳ꣬Щǣ޹ҵˣȻǺܻҪŽҵ
±˵ǷԾ޽ǹӣ򷢚ѧǻؼҡʱ꣬ȥʮӣŸѧɹȴһʡ
Դ˚ֻ̾һ˱Ϊƽּҵҽҩ١
⣬ɽһܥβ磬һԶ׹ϵʮֹݷһΡҲĹ֪ڹŨ;УȻƴɱȻһʿ׼ȡ£û±Ĺѫڶʮʯٺ»ͼҳ۹⿴ּļҳ׻᲻ᱻʿѽ
һ꣬Լ¡ϾҲЩҲδƵϵͬɣɼԭϵļСҲһա⼸λݸңɼԭ̳˶ʮʯ⣬֯ᶼû롣һǿɾĲᱻŵˡ

ʱ֯ųҲ̸˸񣬷᪸ǡС鱳ۡ
ͬʱƽ֚κȪػĸҲյˡܼһǧ˵Ķ飬ƺƵ˰ǡ
Ըܵһ顪ȷ˵ź˶˵顣ǰ˥ϲݷã߸ֱӵӭӣһ·͚㴩Ȫ
ϾԷõֿȵְۣĻмλĻ߹ٵȻܿͬʱŮ˺ͽڡơ֮С⣬Ҳûʲô취˫һ
мֻһʱģ滥ͨվǲɿ
֯ߣȷĻ͵ְ֮⣬ųƽ֚㵣ζüҵġȡΡ
ȡΡְ֮ζһԸ⽻жС͵ļƻɾҪϱ
õĻмˣ֯飬׼ȥɽַԸҰɽ黹Ļɽϡһʽȷ˸Զƹҡ
פϽɨ൳Ĳü䣬ԼؾֵɭɳɣȻûȷһ棬֪кȨΪ
ⲥĥĳ㣬ھͳӡСְѹȵôĻ֯ҳƳȡ
Ļûʲô˿õģ֯ҵҲǲ˳ȥֻίĳʤΩĥıΣЩͬҲһϱģͳϽֹԿǰ
Σ֮ܶһʱλ֯ҳͷأøǰܣųá״᪸ܷ֯ƵĴڽֵϴ󲻾
ƽ֚㵱ȻҲӭ˴ߡյϸϢǺܳһ顣
һЩ±䶯
ƽ֚ȪǣΪػһľ㼪ӷǧʯνСӷǧʯٱǧʯܥǡƽӷǧʯԭǡҰӷʯƵ¾ס곣ӷʯƵ¾ס
ûбҪϸˣȫƽּҵݡдֻмʮʯϮҵһҲ޲ž¶ֻͷѡһͳͳ˹ֵÿֻҪ棬⡣
ų̳ҳȫû⣬ƽ֚ǺѺǱڶŮ׼ң԰Ѵ˷ŵȿ𵽼ãֲ̫಻
ľ㼪ĽеЩᡣְλҪֱų𣬵ʩҲƽ֣ıȽ˵ļҶ࣬ʵ̫ȱ˵㡣ֱе㲻̫ˣӦģֻҪοס˽ͻų̶ȵ͡
˳ϸǣǰҲƽ֚սһԨԴġ
ų涨õʩĿ
һľ㼪ΪУھΪڱͷ˶ְλɱкⲻòϱ
ճ񼰾оɽľ㼪ãػƽ֚ͻڱͷھִϱ֯ٲá
˰ͷȣ˽Ա
ģػƽ֚ͽľ㼪ʧǮۡ
壬ͱ֪е֮⣬ƽ֚мأԷ䡣
طĹ˺弰԰£Υַƽ֚þ
ߣӵʱƽ֚ſɹڷԱӦԱǶüսڴУڵȡΣӵҲɶԱ

һʮǰö˵Ҳѽųػͳ֮⡣ųǿ֪ģҵǶȻҪץֱϽԣ֮ĵ֧Ȩ˵Ȼеϸ񣬴廹ϵеġ
һǣһϵص˻Ҳ˚㴦ãаͶҳͨ
Ŵ֮ƽ֚㸰ĵһ£еҳɡ
ȪüҾӪľɵأһҳͨס̶ԣҪԲԶ
ڴǰҪͬǼ棬̡
ȻƽͲˣҰڡҲżЩβݼٵʱѾĹˡ
ҵʮҳԸصһٶʮˣװ·ƽּҵĴˡ
ʱ˸ߵ֣֮е㲻ڣȴǺ״һһʮ°ʩ鲻
ݼƽּˡ
Ҳʵ˴ڡ˼ΪӸֱأڹ޷̸Цġ
Ҳû̫ຮѣֱλȥľӡ
һ·־Բ˵ֱһǳҰ¶齨Ķ飬װѷûʲôӡֻƳһªӣһʡ֣Աʾƽ֚ĸм
һֱ֮ҲݸЦ
ʥԻߣǣţʣ£ҲСֱ֪ƽּıڣ
ôȥϲ飬ʵϰߵû䡣ƽֲ֧֚Ǿպ齨屸룬Ϊ
һ˵ûϣֵǳҰȴ۾һ
ʱͨ˵ľ´˵ˡ
ϰչ򣬵Ҳ㲻ʧ񡣵ҲòȥӭǾͷԸ£ֱӰ˴
Ƭ֮󣬽
ƽּˣ
Ǽʮͷľ㼪ƽ֚ʷĸı䣬Ҳ֪㼪ʲôʱĵġĴֶ̣ģȴǡ
λհҿ״ֻľµǰصǡ
ⲻβŹĺܣС֪ľ㼪ϵͦãҲڷǵһΰɣĿǰص֪ӦԶľ£ųôŵģ
ôһʣϾһ壬ü
ϸ˲֪ԭ;ʮֻԾûһȴҲȮ֮ͣųľ㼪ǧʯСǼӷǧʯΪ̴󽫡
ֻ֪״ûȣֳּ¡֯ҵĲǣľַͣصĺü£ȥΥھǷ°ӣѹ̻ر˸֪鲻æڸǵļųһŭ֮£ߣһš
ľ㼪飬һ١ҲôһƣյĴǷСûգȥľµĸ֣ƽǧʯ֪С
һľ㼪꣬ڰ׸ˣظңжٶ൳ٺ»ˮһǧʯҲǿܳԱˡ
㲻꣬˼䡣
ųô꣬󲻵ھȡҲ˶ֻҲе㾪ȣⶼȥôˣΪʲôڲŴ
վһԳĬųأʱź򣬵šۺ죬ܸƽ֚ͲӰգһʽ󳹲顣
¡˽˵ɡ


ʮ Ͷ
֮ǰפعɽǡƽ֚ڴ˴ͣ˰ľڵλԼһЩʱͶСƴﵽǧѾĻ֯ϿɵİˣδǰóȻֻԵòǡԚѡϤĳΪʱݵ㣬Ƶӡ
˵ǼҲ٣֯ųѶʾʱĳƽȪƾȨ֯
ƽֻ֚ӣδΧѾżȻˣĵǮҲۡοƽȪķʽƱҪȥܶ๦ͣԼջˡ
ûϵܱѾǼһλ
˴μҳͨʱ򣬶ԷĴԵòΪڷɶƺͶ˳תƵһƫƧĿͷĽ
ʮѲأٴУλȴֱϣⲽʱ򣬻ܿϣʣһСľˮ÷ӡƹ֮Сʳдڵصḷ̨̌ɢһصĹƤ
еǳҰߵһֻбֳһ죬ҳͨȻһҪε״ֻһ룬Ȼ뵽ʲô·ӵ¡
ȿȡǳҰۼԷģܲɤӣλǺȪػƽּ£
ȴûʲôӦֻ˸ɾĵط£˼״
֪ˡ˾ļ
ҳͨڶ䣬̵ǳҰȡĵƽ֚˵ͷʩ񣺡ƽּǾˡֻǲ֪;Ȼ˺ͨڴ˱㹧ףˡ
ǵҵ΢Цһ£ûںԷʧ񣬻ֹ˲޵ǳҰʾԷҲֵ
ǰЩҳɴ˲ҲִɽһȴʵȨûаɡëձͿ֮⣬Ѱػְ졣
ҳͨȻǸĲɵӣֻ϶˼ԳϷʣüƿؽй꣬ҲûĻְȨ񹫷Ǳιöࡣ
Ҳֻܸл򣨳ݣҰˡǶȵΪ񹫷Ҳ޷λƽ֚ӶԷԴеĳЦ߱ɱǻΪ
ҳͨʱһԲ
ܲ˵ʵ޳߱ɱֲֻλɣʵҲûʲôãֻ¶Ӷѡ
ȻҪҳͨӣʾˣ־þӸλʵķСټ֪֮ԼļֵڣҲ¶ԷŭϾҪͷĻͿˡںþƺò˵дȻġ
̬Ͷ֮Ĵ㣬֪ٵΪ˱ס棬ʧҧҧ˰ɡ
˵ҳ˰˵һΪġɽǹ֮ͨأأȴнֹ֯һ·壬Ҳֻʤ³Ǵ翹ڽ洨ɽǵ򣨳ݣľǵҰŷӡ
ҳͨҪȥǱƽ֚ȴʼ˵лˡ
ֻлôô䣿
ȴʵų򣨺ųƣΨҲǼ֮󣬴ˮ·˵ġλǡߵתĹ
ҳɶ˽ڵĸȻи̵ģԲԸΥΪ֮绤ָӲ˳ŶԷĻ˵
ǲ
ƽ֚ȴȻɫ糣ͣһֵ
ҵΪ´壬վ޾壬ְڡֻΨۼ׾졣ЩӲͰѼʧɢҵĲ䷢ˣ͹žۡ˵ҳСɣʵ۵úܣʮȴд֮硣
仰ҳͨɫˡ
֮ԲڣһֱĬΪװԸͶҪùˣöԷΪԼͶǿɾѰ졣ǰξܾػ̬Ѿ๻ˣ漰Ψһã̬ܲ
֯ϹȻͨ󡣡ҳͨеԲԵس̾һɫֱӣܱһ޶ƽ˶ȻͶҷȻϣת湫˼֯ﵯ֪һҳɼյ֪УתεأʣҿһһŮϣ֯Ϊףһڶ֮˲ԸԵԾͬš
˵֮ҳͨݵʩһ񡣽ƽƽ֚㡣
ƽ֚ʱҲڿĿȴһҲƽһЦӣ۴ȣ´·˻Աһ㡣

ãҳͨԲ֪ƽּˣǺ⣿
Ǻǡüëû˵
ѵǾܿЦ͵᪸ǣù˺֯ﵯϡҳͨҲڴģɫȴԵúܴݡ
Ǻǡֶû˵ˡֻǲǳҰһۡ
ߵõʾȣ
ƽּĻ֯УζüҡȡΡЩת浽᪸ǣ
ҳͨȻһǿ˵
ǱϣϿ
Եȡ
ڿڡڴҳͨĻ滺ȴŲݾܾǿӲ֮⣬
ҳ˰˻ڸ֮ģ빫˺ͱ϶ȻּġźǣսѱϣҲǴųʿģͳƲʲôҷͶˡҵǹҪΪҪи¼źŷ
ҳͨһ
ǲܱģνҪۣػǮȰѻһЩ˵
ƽ֚ȥЩҳ֤Լļֵ
ԭװǿӲЩԷȻȴǿӲ
ҳͨ뵽ȻüĹĲʲô⣬Լļֵ͡޷жϣﻢ֮⡣
ֻһò̾˵
ƽּ˼ȻκȪػǶõȡΣõҵĵطȻںȪڡ֪ص佫ɽκšȪعڣΪס
ۼԷԽԽƽ֚ɫ䣬˵ͷ
鱨Ǻ׻ȡģᵽЩҲѻܡǣ֪ǱܺǱںδֻʲôʱƻΪһǿƶֲӵͳߣͷ۵ľλս
ҳͨṩĶƻλսİ취
˼һ֮󣬽ſˣ
ǰȥݷɽΣȰҲ߰˳ɰաںȪˣ˵µﰲ̫򣬶ʮɵȱȴʹ֮ҡиЩˣΪ򵼣ַڤ粻ˡ
ҳͨΪ˵úܺã˵㡣Ϊƽ֚㲻иõİ취⡣üȪҲǷ˺ܴ󹦷򣬼һˣְнһǲ˺ü״ҳפ˼ȫ
ȻԷķӦȴдͬ
ƽֻ֚ǾţδÿɷϹŹЦݡȻ󲻽Ц
֪кβ
ҳͨв⣬ֻμʡ
ʱֹסЦش𵽣
ҳ˰ˣжϹȻʮ׼ȷɽΣѾţʾҪĻͥﰲ̫Ҳ˵ֻҪʣɵ׼źͶʮЩˡδϢļƻֻһа
ҳͨȻ̶Цҡͷ
⵹Ҳϡ棬ڡ֮һ׼ͶˣôСûأ
ֻһĳ룬͸˰


ʮ ж
˫Ǹ֣ҳͨƽ֚ļƻȷʵбȽҪĵλҲǷɡ۵Ŀռ䲢
ȻˣҲûʲôԥġʱҳͨͳǰȥִ񡣲Ҫ֪Ȥ檶ŮӶչˣҲͬʱϼӿء
һͬȥЭͼӵģǾѡߣǾ֮ͷĸƽ֚ţС̫㰲ښ΢ĩʱ׷棬ԭӦƽּڵͷдһϼֻԾк֮ƣԷ㰲Σʮǿң˴Ȼս
ջǴڵġҳͨ޶Ūɳ׾¶ƻȻۺϿ֮£ĿԲ̫󣬽ջȴʮ㡣
ƽ֚ûг֡վڱĸߴŻ谵ĵƹ⣬ĬĬ˼
ԻصһʱȪ˴ڸУѾյʮżԺȪĹڣҲһǽˡЩ˶˰ٷ֮ٵĹ˳̬ȣͬʱҲ˸ָ
ģֱתųķľ㼪ȪڵżȻҪúòꡣʵҲûʲôáꡱģ󲿷ΨһǱ찲¡
찲£ҪػϸСԭеʯ߲䣬Ŀǰֺƽ״̬ͶЧҲԿǡ
ʮ˵õƽ֚ĻظֻظʽϿɣҲ˰֮⣬պĴ̫Զһˣżᵽ֣ȴֻ˲Ȼŭ
жʮҹڣʮһ£һûʲôˣԼԭǧǧʯء΢еĿھһϣжʮʯԶԶԽ˺Ȫһ
׵ǸǸСɡˣһʯ֣Ҫ֯һŻس޸ŮӣſϹ鸽
Ҫ水˵֯ںȪòκζÿ귴Ҫʮʯȥ
ƽ֚㵱Ȼ׼óȻΣҲӸ˽˺Ȫȷ״Աһ¾Ϳ֪ЩҪʵֵеı
ûоκζֻȷƽ˾֮ųٳٸĻͥˣȻҪطȻǲӳˣװҪػһ
ЩûеõκλţΨһĹӦǼǿ˾ӵѵ
˽£ƶһ漰෽ж
ƽ֚ۿҳͨӰصǳҰżվſڡ
߸ˡ
׵غΪأнɷнµذݷڵأС˰ݼƽּˡνʱС
ȻʿǰһСͬʱʩ񣬿ڳƣǺﳤףдһϡ
Ա˻Щĸߴ˶¹ڲ߷δޣ常ƽ档
һһɫֱ࣬ӣ£Իľ㼪
һȴߴֻͬźڶ񣬴Ŷң档ƽ֚ݣҲʺֻǰǷʾڡ
ȴû˸ë
Ϊųµ߼̽ĿʾˡڳľЩˣ֪кҲСƽ֚Լ˵˽СʮءǳԼ׺ҼңѾսųݻݹϵ
ƽֵļҲֻ֪һЩԼܡϢ̶֮ܳߡ
ڿڶഫУС͸óװɵײ˴̽ϢСħڡִսϴӵġݡþڻϲ·ߣɼҵġԯײУԲɱйΪҵ
Щûм֯ҵġ̸ȴһλԱǰ
Ȫﰲ̫ͶϢǴġҲųƽ֚㵣ζüҡȡΡļڴ֮ǰȪļҹ˶
дһϺͷ㰲ռʯţЩרҵʿ˵֯ʮӴҲ࣬ǳ֪ų˶ٲ棬ŵ齨֧ⲿӡ
֮ҲλСʮءȿڣ
Ͻ֮Ѿ꣬±ǡԤףƽּ쿪ʤ
зŮɳƣΪ졣
ã¡
شĻأСʮء˵ͷ;ֱȥҲɰʧҹյС
ڳüλͬʱ˿
ľ㼪ƽҲ׷׸ˡǶԽжû̫Ĳ룬ųָ⡣ƽ֚οǣҲʹ֪֮ƻ
ƽ֚дһϷԸƽΣźøӦ֡²ɣҲҪסԱòвص㡣
ǡ
дһû˵ϻֻӦһȥ
ִǺܷĵġڵıͷӦ丸дһɣʮ֮ϵ̹٣λ˶ӡԴдһҲӾȽĿǰİʯ֪У̱ʮˣѹ˷㰲
õȪ֮ƽ֚δ齨µᲿӣȴѾ͸¶̱ģı뷨⵱ȻòǼѡ
徲֮󣬚ҲɣԶһԵĺﳤ˵ҶʯİţɶǺˣ
ǣӦ״Ҳдáﳤæش
˵ʯɣ̧ȥʯŷڵϵ΢΢
ǡǳҰɤӣװģȿȣʯȰ˵üҳɽι齵ԼѰҳͨҾ֮󹦣ɽǣͼɱƽּ˵У⡣ֹ»ʮ³һǰʯһĵ֮һ⡣ʯͽһٹᣬƽּҵᣬΪʽҳͬݱΪᡣԸΪǮʮᣬȥ
лͣʯ΢΢̧ͷȻڵ˿ǰѱģȫͬɴ˿ɼȷʵǸܣշ磬죬һ˿ͻأ
״˰֣ɣ˶񡣡
ҳǶ˵ƽֵǸԲڷˡǰʮֹͻ㲻Ҫ𽥵һʼǵһ᲻ġ
ΨڵǰԷƽǳҰǰǵ³ֵΨһӣǵ³檵ĵܵܣһܸǱ
Ծʯߣһ¶Ͷľģòű˸֪Գ̬
ֱƽ֚㷢˻΢΢Ȼͷ۵úܵͣ

ŚĿȥõָʾĺﳤ׼˵
ж»նɱ翹ɣƽȪһʯڸýʯˣʯͬеҲһ¼ãʯоܼٺ»ʯɡȻݱΪᡣԸΪǮʮᣬȥ
лͣһ䣬ݺὭʯŷ·Ȼò˵ˡǱǰһμˡ
֮ǰѾ׼ˣʽ˵һ飬״һ¡
ʯΪҪȳȥΨһãϧͷ󣬰ƽ֚¡Էһݴֲ֮Ϊˡ
ʯԼյ⣬ʯ֪ûԾƽ֚ĶֳŵԸ⽫һΪʿͲòжˡ
ʯŵĴԶ֪Ҳûдļ඼ǵӰ죬ֻʯһˣϸʽݡ
ڣʯĻºܰѼʮǶȥȻƽٺ»˵㣬һ֮ˡպٷƴƾ˱¡
һоͿˡһҪɿĵ֣·Ҳɾ䣡
ĬĬ¶˾ġ


ʮ 
ʯżͬ˵ϢֻƽּϲСΧ֪Դ˺ﳤЩǵģ˸˷ܡʯʯʯΪһһǧʯĸ߼ֻۣ˵˺Ȫ֮󣬸ҳļӷҲʮ־˵ġ
Ȼﳤ׵ҲеġʯǸܣضҲһЩѶ񣬵һȷʵ̫ðáͨĻѵȺͼԶӲ䵱ҲﲻרҵˮƽӺõķ潲ʯһǵĵ¸ҪһҰʿӦģձһ֡ǿᣬǵ͵ķơ̬Ҳһϲҵڴ˵ͷȻʺڽԵľ֡
ƽ֚˼һվ˳Ͱ⼸ʮʿΪѲߵΰڻӥצȻڱ׵ģܴǿǵθкС
ͬʱҲֹܷµСˣѹȰա֮ǰƽֻ֚вʮӣпһ죬Ȫȴٶׯģȴ֮ҲٶƱػһ̶ȵĲͨʯһЩǣԱһС塣
Ȼ˵Ļֿܵ»һˣ棬ַȻҲƽ֚׼ɲġҲҪһк͡԰һЩʿžͨǰ;ĴȥģӦҳһʮӳ÷Сƽ̫ΣȻֳֻ֣Ǵ´࡭
ԴΪƽ֚ʶҪһƶȵĸĸϸӦ̨ҪľǼҳ·֯ṹš
һˣ˼˯˲ˡ
ӦһȷָӲ˵ڸĻأʲôνҪ裬ԱҪʱߴɳȥ˵ǱһġسᡱȨͣҪͨ
ﳤ׵Ȼ棬ʮ굣ιְλԵóĽʵӦԼԸϾķҪǲźͻ¡ҲҪض´׼
ҲųΪĳЩԭ򣬚㲻̫ԸʵȨıûġ⣬⽻ٳʹҲɽϴȥҵɵò
ӹ⾫ͨѧҲ񷨺ͷˮоĹϵôͲԼʽӴǽˡλԺգһҲ⡣
ǳҰȻûʲôرѧʣЩǣԵϵҲ԰Ѹ񽻸ƶʮһ͵鳤칫Ρ
ƽȪ˳ĻҲӦþɽȪиȡһˣҲһȨʾ֮⡣ȻʲôҪȨ
Ȩ֮ҪĹϵͳҲνġڡڡ˰աضҪԱȥĿǰϸĸ߼ĹƺҴһˣʵʵɺǳҰ˵ڿû⣬ôȨػͬǲǡġ
ôӽԺҪѡηˡ˵Ϊ˳̳дƽ־㣬ﳤʢƽط͹ȥǺѾȣǲҲԿǵأ
ǰǼǵﳤʢڹԭڼĸ޽ڲΪڻ޽ڲٵ˼̫ˣʼǲԼ̫ˡ
Ĺ֮⣬佫ϵҲҪ
ųɹĻڣЩ˵ĲӱȻ˸ģֻܱԡ
ԼߣÿҳԸԼʿ䣬໥ûͳϽϵǰǹ˵ģפȪƱҪҲбҪһЩ˵ķֶӣ󽫻̴ʱ졣
ڽİţѡͳȵİҼΣĿǰƽּӵսˡҪ˼ٽǰձʾԸĻҪƽּҵƣΪһڵΪ԰Ҳ㹻ﾰ棬Ȼղż룬Ҳδػ᳤ƾȪŸ֮ͽݾԻһϯλ
Сƽ̫ƽҰ޷սԾȷʦݡִдһϰﾰҲԼղѾҪСƽ̫ȥΰˡţҪһͳ
дһϺͷ㰲ֱһ̱ǰǿʤԵ˭Ϻ񶼲̫ʡʯܸ֮ⷽϣһҲܹá
Ѳʿɵֱ챾ָӹ٣˵ָӹƽ֚㱾˼Ρ⵹ϡȽƶȡսӻǺڶӣʮΪһ飬ΪһӣΪһϷͷһЩҪԱһԼ˳ͷΪһ豸һˣΪһƣ̴һˣΪһһˡһԼǧʿ䡣ϾȲòģͳһɣǰòϡ
Ŀǰ챾ҪľǾֱأסɽһᡢܥβûʲôҲԼӽȥ
ʿƽ֚ͻȻԼʲô
ѽ
ʱʾϻһЩ鰡
Դܻҳͨ֮ܺ󣬼ʿԽ⿪ĽᣬĵȴֶӻɵԪҲίľġԴ󣬾Ϳʼ˽³ϻظŮװ硣
㵱Ȼῴֱ仯ּɡƽּҵҷ˰ȮҲܴȵؽ˾ֱһС͵ףᡣ
ֻϼҵʱʵæԭһ޶檾ñطҪ˴͹λޣҲܲˡҷ˰Ȯƽ⿼ǣΪֹĻִβһòĽãƼ
Ժ½ɵӣȴֻǳֹ޷ڻֱͨΪһشͳŮӵȻԴûκԹԣԼȴеǷ
ֱ뿪βطܣŮ첻УΨмʿ˳شӾ
Եɽǰ֮ƽ֚Ϳʼⷽ׼ˡΪһۺʵ˫ظ֣ڶ˶ʱÿƽʵͨԣѶ֮µ󾲾ͣӢдŽˣڴա
ʿ˫շϼߴȴ΢΢ףϸŵشʱν޺ˡ
Ȼ򡪡
ղĿҳͨţѾǺʱϾŵ㣩ˡȻֵôһӣ̧ͷɫӦѾҹ˰ɣ
Ϣϰߣһ˯˰
ǡٵˣ
йݽõƽּȻϳٵˣ
ˣȴҲܰѳٵȱϯ
κʱڵܴʱΪĹ£ݷѧ½ƣ˵ԼѴ󣬵ˡ½ùߵԡŵϦӡ
¸ǣ飬ǲʲôģʲôٵİ
һˣƽ֚Ȼ¶ģʿסȥ
ϾҪʲô֮ʲӣҲˡ


ʮ 
գǧɾˮˡ
ʮͷɣӹɵĵһУڶĺóУҲվһϯ֮ء
һУ͸¶ŲͬϢɣɫֳμ̬ĻκȡˮдܣǴССʮݺύͨƽ·򻮷ΪһٶźǷæĸۿڣƬĲֿǸݵܵڣв˺ҵסںݡƼҸʤ
ڶǰִƴ˵صġڡǣѾĻȡˡ롱͡ԼϡȨޣΪһ̶ȵĶȨͶ˾Ȩ
óִƽܣ˾Ǻ̺ͲǵϱҲÿ궼յʸǮûƻĶԡ
֯ҳưԣԽھΪףĽ˲ʣǸĻͥˡųʳ칫ǲͬҪö࣬Ͽ˻ڵĵλȴҲ˸ľ㼪ǰʲӡСۿžҪˡ
ľµСӣǰҲϵǿԶһ׷䱾ԴվǸֱˡ
ҵȻҲָȫǿƴĹϽֻѡɵĿ㣩βµطľĳĳһͲǺö
ԺǻڣҲҪܷвþǷˡնף
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ôˣĹǺȺȲ裬һ黭˳һ΢ڣҲͨ
ôңԼݵĿмдò⣬ԼͿģΣҲ㿹˰ˣ
ľ㼪һ˵λǣͲòúáˡ
˵ҪĻһȪػƽ֚㣡
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ˣôôأ
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ʱЩͻȻڴСڡȫûע⵽Ҳʮɣ

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д󣬺۵شӴߵСƵ˾ǣҵǽϵһƴһԾ˽ȥ
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Ȼǰһ
ǽöгɶһͭǮǧģϴ˵ķ˰ɣ
Żһ׹ص죬ԼĽûζ
ˣˣл˺ͣæĨĨ۾һֻǰȻһСĲڴڽϵסģи˵Ӱӡ
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ôҪĪСӣҵĳ⣿ôóĽһгɫ⣿
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һ㶣̶ڨЦų֣εЦ
ңңֻСʵˣδ˶Ļƽ˼Ҵд벻Ҫ仧ƽϡ
ϻˣòӲͷشҵǮûôáҪ飬˿ˣ
Сװͷæش𵽣˵ɽλѾϵˣǰҵͶǣӦҲ˵ҵ˴ʯţֻҪǮ㹻Ļ㹻ǧܣһ֯ҵںȪվȽŸ
ʯţô˵ƽ֚Ǽһй
ģС˽ʶʯһţ˼ʮƵأȥ˽õľݣ˿졣ʯƽֳϹϵΪһŮˡ
˵ص㣡
ǣǣʯиã˵ʵԤԼõģŮ˳ȥɻƽ֚ץסˣ˵Ū˼ʮ죬˲ŷųġ˵ǿ϶ǲ찡
ŨеĲ֪ƺ˵ͷû˵Ƭֵ̣
ˣ˽չٵһǮ
æٰһݣץװƽĴӣڼϣӴسԽ˳ȥŹ۲֮·ϵĻҳµ߳СӡڴתȦװڵгӡ
ֻԶ֮ȴվ̲ס򷽲Ǹܾݵһڡ
ߣΪԼǵǸҰشˡ˻ܴƭһƽʲô𣿲һɥ֮Ȯ𣿡
PS˿̳ƺó죬Ӧý۹ԺֻӶɱԷǱҪҾˡԺƵĵط򻯰ɡ


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գޣ͸Եľ͸һƬ߲ҡҷ۾Ƶķ
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վԲ˵ͼҳҲмֲͣΨȶƽ֚һĿӡ
أ
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Խܵӹ⡣۽ܵľƣƽּҵȻΪ˽⡣
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ﾰΪʱйεȻƧ󲿷ʱڽʯɽĵĵطļʶȻҲǺܹġ
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ƽ֚Ȼֶβϡ棬֯ų̲ƹıңõ
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ЦνҰղ紵üҹȻǿһʱҲڶ࣬ʱʱ˸ءشһߣͷ߾Ҫ
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ӹⷽԣ˱һʵͷַǳ̣ЩѶԸһ㷲ӹżֲôþͻ᳼ǸˣпܸɴüҵϵȥĲȻȴþ߱һȴû̫۹⣬עʷֻܳΪһʷ鷳Ľɫ
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Ǳӹ˵ȥֻǰʱĬ˿һӵʣ
Ȫ˵̣Сʮʿ֮˵ʮҴڣַľӼңԹԼǧʯء䵱ӼؽӣǰüҲΥҲ汾ҡһЩǽΪֵġﰲ෴¹ˣΨ̫ƽԴΪףҲвٹվ£üҶԿʣµģʱȡʩ
ڵĹעȪȻСطҵ࣬׶٣һ᲻ǳλá֡¹ˣΨ̫ƽˣڶȱȽǣݶҲżʣֻȪϡ
أﾰֵʵΪȪϲغĵּҲʮֵע⡣Һһ˹ϵУȻûʲôأȴ֮²Сļҵ˵ǲ뱾ҶԿġ
ţּ̬Ȳպáƽ֚˵꣬Ƭָ̣һֱڵˣȪ˵ظλѾ˽⡣ƽΣдһϣһ൳ڽܵ
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һ糾͵ɣȻҲʮίǣôм˾·µĲЬҲĺܽϸ¡ɽݡϰӦǸͼʿĸݵִͷ֮֮࣬ܶѵʮġʡϵˡ
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ձϰͲ̫ˣǮȴƺۡϷǽ˳õġҰƳɵңһԲƬһأһԼ37.5ˣԵǰȪмۣǮܻһöͨİһʮĶǮ
࿪ݣȥӿ֧ÿսҲģҪӦ̰ТϵĺܣҪվŵֵ
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ձϰһЩ۵ĿˣֺǺǵؽСˣȥˮµĿүʺԼҶˮӾƶԸô죿ȻȥþҲǲܵģھݵʮǮһ͹ˡʣ»жٶ棡
ֱСԶžЩۣóһȻЩˣǴӹ̨һСӣѷĩͿĨϡһҩǮһϲѡ
׹󣬾ӴסݵִˣϱȻ׾ݣ껹ǵýӼһ¡Се㽣ֲ˷ѣɴȥһʮÑ취ҲǴղŮļױҲʱ׼ˡ
һˣձϰϣϲ˶ʿүΣΩԸǸг·ýİ࣬ܰ⡣

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Ǹȱжµķ㰲㲻㴦ϾרĶӹɵģԼҳ𵽵ҲԶڸá
ֻƽ֚еλ˳򣬳׹̶дһ֮ˡ


ʮ ߵ˼
۾ˮ輧Ů㱨ɣһλֵ⣡
˦ʮöںϣһڶȪڵķС
ͬǽĺ⣬ȴǵͼݣշѰĸߵⲿΣܺãװκڡѰŪīɽˮǾѵĵط
Ȼʮָˣһ־ٹͷߺִˡš
Ψһ˷Ӧ΢һģȻ⡣
ߴǿ׳¹˵ﰲûмʱ뵽ͬŵĿ񻶵УǳûղǾ仰ʱ븸ĸͬν龰
۵ģǣߣΣ㱨ɣһú⣡
׵ʱô˵İɣ
Ѿȥ˶೤ʱأ
ʮꣿǶʮꣿ
һֱһ׿սʲôģȥҲûʲôô
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Ҳɾ˵Ļء
仰򶯵ƺܶ࣬ﰲ
νǰӡָһʺկӣֻȥһδӣԵ˽ƽǾΪõĶ
Ҳ̫СԼסǰӡ׺ǣµ㡢ҳͨɽΣȵȺöһĲʳЩĺǣԶٰ׷Ҫ۰졣
˵üҵһźسˣӼ֮ҵʵʵ칫ͷ˼ҲϽʱ˵μҾˡ
ߵأƽ͵͵ʡÿһǮбȥüҵ鷳˾ӵլӵɽﵱҰˡͣû찲ӣսܵȴֱˡ
ЦǣȻвΪǸʤɵĴ͡ʵϳάֱ˵Ķ֮⣬˵õʲô
ﰲ֪ΪʲôҪѡֻҴʧġػֵ¡;ˡֻѾüҵѪû취ٴˡ
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ڽ˼һܰµӲӶԱӦϣһ򾡡µۼ̫Χ˴鷳
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˶ѾʼŮ˺ˣֻ΢ЦؿţȾơﰲҲ˸ۣװһƴƣʵȴڻһ롣
ƣʳˣȫˣ
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⻰ɸϽ˵ֻǸʼԺĻƽǮԴԴҲֻǮأȨǶҪһһû
Ը׷ִˣһѾ΢ļһͻȻűӸߺһ
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ﰲѻ𣬵һ㶼ûֳһģרİݡľԴ
ӰʼһֱҹĹǿνʮʱôҲЩˡе˽¿ʼ鸡еĿʼ˵ƻﰲҲƽģʽʼαװ
ΨһɣʼֺֻǺǵȥŲȡĺ˴ӵȰ˺ȣԼûô¶ǡֱڰյʱȥһˣƬ֮ͻȻˣɫҲΪ֮һ䡣
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Ȼ˲䱬
ŶŶðð
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Ҳ涯ְǾͶͶ֯ҵ·ˣ
˵ƽ֚ȪػüҡȡΡ𣿽ôңô÷΢ǰأֱֱ
ô򵥵ĵǽѵ벻ף


ʮ ֹһͽ
ƻ⼸𽥶õġ
ʱ䣬ԲͬݣֱȥǼòġɽݡ
ɽǰǽˣܹ㡣ü֮ȫڽܣڲ̫ԸųĹǻؽͷ
ڽľҲЩϵĹˣԺγһ֧Ĺıһֱͳλϵܲ
ʯžͲˡ
֮Ƕڽܣ֯Եˡ
Ӹֲ֪ͬϢȻ룬ȷ֯εĽУһľ㼪֮ѾװǱ룬Щ΢˽áİϷ
˴ɱļƲߡ
ɽǰڽڵϲʩӰ졣
ʯ̽λá
Ϊϵı
ĶһȪȥȷ档
ҪӪЧǣý˶֪ϺȪڣüңɱ֯ɹȥĽС
һѹ£֯һƱҪϳ͡
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ټͲ߶ͻγһᶨĺȪ֯
쵼ֻ˭أ
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ʯչʾϱСֻչԳۣһףϵĹצ͹̶ǽϡסһǽϵһһԾͷ䣨Լ3.5ףߵԺǽ
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ֻæҵ״̬ûг̫á
Ϊʱǰһߺ
λĪɵ׼ﰲȡˣ
վһˣһֱû£ʼվͶɵġ


ʮ 
Ź˵ڳķֿƣô˯š
ΰ֮䣬۾ԺȴĹϼһҰ԰飬ֱɾׯصĳ棬ǽûʸ̸ۡ
ͻȻÿеĻҳûôˣµĵذҲˡ
ʮ꣬ʲôûʶ
̶ôһ˲ѻָ˼ѱԪ
ʳ칫ɣóݣЦйɲʵʵäĿšĽۣҲûҪ˼
츳˵ʿȷäĿš
뵱꣬ʮһ꿪ʼѧϰʮǹսʤ̶֮ǰѧգͬõӡɡ
ȡԷ󽫣ڼҳæ²ǿ׼ʱͻ룬һǸ󽫽ʲôţȫǲˡ⵵εɱʮֵǡ
ʶûþԼ飬δ֮ʱѾھѧϱøƿԣϸ¼ҵľʦҲռˡ
̸ֽ֮ζ֮Χûô˵ˡǿȡһڣǿʤ࣬ȵʱϸκһþɳ̴Ҫɫ
Ȼʱϸ̫ȱս˰ɡҲۣüҵʮ{᪣ʮһ棩ٱǰٳͬõսҲѡ
ͨ˵һҪϰ¡һʼһ㣬Լǿս֮ʮ죬ڷƶƽˡ
񷨡еһУ޲һͨ˺ȺȻôһ㽾֮
Եó¿ϣϸԪʱԥŸվϸߣ෴ĵ·
ΪϸԪж壬ǲԸԭƽƽ˳ˣ
ӽڵ£ٵľǣȺӢֵͣ嶥óһսΣ˵ǿ˵ʤ룬ֻߵͬȴ׷սͶˣĸ֡ľȴԽԽ׳
һھȡùƣ˵ԮԴԴ̼ԼĶûгǧ
ôʮ꣬ʼûڣϸȴƣѾãսϸԪ˶𽥱Ļ䣬ϣ
ʱŲòͷϡ칫İȨڡԷҲĲž߼ΪʶίΡ
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ңԲбоգʱϵҹɢݣԼױɱѪ·Ǳ
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Ҳڽֿԭ


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֪бþݵҳͨˣλϻƲͶȻǰ֪ҳɵļҾ֯
֤Լİȫ֮ҪóλѻָȨ鷳ڲһ򶼺鷳üڲûһ˳ļԭҲֻǼҳǵƾٳġ
ֻܷ˼ıⲿƣʹڲۺ͸仯
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֯ȷʵǿ󣬵ʵʸҲβŨˣƺϽûüʵѹ£ؼǱڷ߶壬
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ѡǷ˼֮Ľʱ˿ͬɽΡŶûеõٷ֮ٵΣִȴû⡣
Ϊ˸ǡ෴ɽǴˣԲźпʱ֯
һɣִֹ̰ġΨһһȡǣںȪڵĶԣʼջޱȼѾ߼ִšҲʼ׷Ψһԭ
ܻŲÿܻ飬һִŻڣ;ͶӼȨȵ֯ų
ֻҪûͶǮ֣һġ
ȻҲָƾ˾ܸųһػֻս˵ĽǼ׷Ͷ롣ŸǮڸҡ
㹻Ļң÷̶֣֯ıüڲǿӲռϷ磬صȨĵΨһˡ

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СĴڣƺһӰ
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䣬׿ϵĶĿֶӰɤʵڹϤȻ˵ʲôȴɴ¶϶Էݡ
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ڰܾͻΧģֻȼԱֲȥѲ߾䡣ĵǹȻ޲Ϊ˳˵ǰ⡣
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ҲĿʮȷˡ˳ɵʽԴߣʿѸٸ
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ʱһֱޱüͷҳͨжˡû֪ͨˣֻɷ㰲װ̱ʮˣĬĬں档
ҳû׷ЩҵԴҲһӱץĹûʲôȤʲôؽѯʶԻ֮顣ֻصԼҵĺ԰һԵöԷλʮ˽⣬ԥذȷ·ȥּ
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һСͬ඼ѷʱĽŰҶ˺һҳмѾ׵ˣĶľʯƬڱ޵Ŀռ䵱Уѵ·ѹøխֻһͨС
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㰲ܸܵǰʿһʾ̱ǾԼҲо
Ϊһˣ̫ΪηĽҲƾɵĵطΪһרҵߣϸ۲֮Ҳ˼ĺۼпܳΪڵλá
㰲ܿ¹дһϵĴڣ˺ǿΣʶƽ֚ȷʾͬҳͨˡĳ󡣹ʶôҲֻеȴȶ
ʱҳͨˣԸչʾϵĸɫ
Ϊ֮һȻ֪üڽµȫʩ
ڲʵʩʱѾصϮжʾۣһĻͥȫ˵뷨
һ൱һֱԸϡ
ҲûʲôܳϵˡĻͥ뷨ˣѾʵж
üУҳͨΨоγصĳ칫ǳݺ˾ѡ
ڳ칫Ѿˣ̳˼ȷӣ޶۲ԺԵڶλѣۿȨҲѱԭȥ
ϺαػҪأ
У޶ͷ֮һʱɢȥֱ˿зĺۼִʧɫ֮еĸͽڲռϷ磬ȲǵҪƽ֚ˡһ
ºԼϾͺˡѾ˼ܲۼҾ졣
û뵽Ȼͬˣ
ƽּ˵ԭǡܻȡҳͨҳϣˡһҲ޷
мж˲ŵ֮⣬ӵеĺ
ˣʲô˵أػǣԳ칫ްδߡ
ҳͨ뵽Щǰ֮£¶ġ
ķ㰲һ¾ݵ߶Էβܶгڣȴƫƫֻһ
Լ˿һڡŰռ˰ţͳȴں
Ȫػƽּ֮׽޹ʿȥҪҵȵĹ񣡡
һмʶ鵶ɱҪ壬ΪȡиԾʱ䡣
ǰˣǲΪʧɫõˣֻܻ
ҳͨûйЩСֻǻеǰ˼ظһ飺
Ȫػƽּ֮׽޹ʿȥҪҵȵĹ񣡡
ɫ䡣
ǾãȻҳϼһﶼͶˣüҿˡ
̶־÷ŭͲݣǽͷضǣֻû뵽ҳͨҲһ
ȻǲԻұ˲վ仰ʲô˼ˣ
ۿ̫⣬ҳͨҲûļֻǵ˵
Ȫػƽּ֮׽޹ʿȥҪҵȵĹ񣡡
ʱڵļѾƽȥߡҳͨ˼
һղڸûڵסڵȴֻҳͨһˡ
ŶĬҳͨ˼ɴ۾ʱӦһɽٺ֮Уͬʱֲ֮һǧһ򱶵Ĳ˼顣
⵽ô£
ôģ
ʵǡʵǡ
áȡˡֻ˵ǻ
־Ҳ̫ˣֱֻС˵ŻֵŶΣ
ɵöҳͨ۾
һ˲䣬ȻԲԭίȴ˶Էӵ顣
еİζӣ·Ҳܸͬˡ
һҲв֮ǲԭµġ
ǧżΨһ
ȻѾ׼ԾȻΪȻʱءеѡ˭Ըأ
деģӹɵȶȵ
ܻţܱʲôǿ
ʹпǸȫףʹֻаٷ֮һĿԣԴΣҲΨһԡ
֣ʾԼһͬȥ
ҳͨ˵̨֮󣬱վԭزҲ
˲
ûвԴȥҲܵԷĿ⻹Լϡ
µֻһ仰
ҵȥҴҪ¡ף˲ʢ
ҳͨͻȻֳ嶯˵һ䣺ƽּ˵ķȲžߣʵڳ칫꣬ûҪǵ֮Կ
סԼĳ嶯
ΪǾˣʹԾγصĳ칫ҲǶԿʮųġ
ҳͨôؿȥ
תȥܿһڳ΢УۿڱȥƬ̾ʧߵС
ֻҪһҴͰȫˡҲ뿪˸Ӵֻ·ƣҡ
Ƭ֮󣬷㰲ĳֻһˣûд̱ߵĶоͰܾݵļ¼ţȡƽĻƱȵȡ
ƽָ֚ʾȡЩ֮󣬾ͿԷˡ
ĳŵѾˡ
仰ҳͨҲƲס·һ㣬ڵأԼСʮ˵棬ʧʹޡ


ʮ Ȫ
𽫾ɱ֯ϾϮһɴţȪ㶯ңûвʲô󲿷ֽû˵ôһ顣
ΨһƵϱȽӰϢǣ֯סҳͨڶסͶˣɽΡŵˣͳһʱκȪػƽ֚¡
Ҳڴ֮еġۿüձɽˣѵҪΪ֮ЧľܣҲʱձļֵۡ
ֻϢͨʶʱƵ΢仯
һֱɽƽ֚ڿǰȪˣûκε˱ʾ˵ֿ̬ȣΪƵϵͷߵǿǶƽּҵļ档
ʮڵõأȷ¡ĳŵ֮ҲˡȪڽһǿ󣬱סԼҲ˰һĶͲˡڹѾ֮ǲҵεġ
ζţƽ֚ҪںȪڽȽȶȨֻػάֱͳΡ
֮Ӧһ˾ȵǣǼλ˽ơҪ֯ҿɫǣûж֯ġСľ㼪жԶ
Щξ֡Ա͸¶˵֯ܵݡĳƽ롰֬ݡĺ֯ҵֶŵòУ취ų½⡣
ھǺֶξ˵ˡе˵ǰҪļҾ죬е˵ʹ֮ڽĳţ˵ʦ֮࣬һ㡣
šĲ²ʵȽϽӽʵƽ֚õϵ֤ݣЩ֤ûʲôṩųնĻ±ͷھþͻΪڵ
ݽԣ֮ǰٿһϲʮ˵ڲ顣ȻŲͬյóˡδ飬˽ϵüң˽֯ԡĽۣǩ顣
ںЩΥԼˡǩʮҲµõ˭
ûһ£ûб֪һ£Ƿ񹫿¶һ¡¶ˣвϣвͬ˵
ȻûǸһ棬ЩҪ⡣
ʿԲҪʿŵҲԲҪûʿţֲҪḷ́ǾеΣˡ
̾;ŵˡ
ųҲܴزȡһɽ𻢵Ĳʩв
֮սȻǡ˽ʣ׷ܡͬ
֯ҲȡǿѹķˣóԼҲòʲô˻ࡣ
෴вҵֶΣЧѡ
ƽ֚ûȥϸ˽ˡһڱְԽȨ̬ѺȫųָĽľ㼪
̬ųʮеǷѾͲüͷ
ȻʱջλҲûмŷ

»ʮ꣨1567꣩¶ʮһܼӣҲǼãգաҳ˵칫·ƽϵһ㣬죬ֿȡ
κȪػƽ֚㣬ڴʱ˽˰ǣǱˣˣˣʱӵ˺Сİ٣һǧ߰ٱ
࣬಻㣬Ҳ׳λ˫ǽʿȴ׷չʾһǿš
ⰶǣǺȪǰáһһɡԾӡڻصĻػ
ף￴ҵļʮҲ׷ӴܣֻһյĳǳءǲǳҰ˰ũɨ죬ǿɾ
˿ǳҰڳſϣӭػǡһŴУųǹվñֱǹһصˣٸ죬߰ȣʿ硣һȥжʮ
Щ̫ʶʱ񡱵ıغˡ
ȪʮʿԭʮҸԶЩⲿӰ죬ֵܶͬڸִͬѣʵʳƵϡСͷĿģԶֹʮ֮Ŀ
õģȻԡӼΪףȾͶЧյƽ֚㸧ο֮żˡǿԸڴ棬ƽּҵһС
вˣ֮ǰûбʾ˲ʵʵ˵ܹ֮ġֻίԼϥǣſɹù̵ɰʯһܽӴˡ
ȻҵĻЩȥжģ񶼻أ
ǰ洩ɫɫ֯ŸͷĻȻƽּˡֻھƽ֮£λȴԵò˷ܣӶûȫֱ΢΢۾üͷ
ںеĸӸףֻ۾Ϸе̧ͷһۣٵȥҲеĲԴΧͬڵ͵͵۲졣
ƽּƺ̫ˣͬʱøˣ޲ðͷɰʯ±ó
ʵƽֻ֚ҹ뼧ʿϰǹͲʱ⣬΢ŤѡôҲ벻ģֻܰĹƣΪλҪɱˡ
˵˻Ҫˮƽ
һǹͲ⣬һ߿Ƶǰн֪⻹ģôſŵһ˵ȣֱȥˡ
Ȼһŵ˻ֻܹţ˭ʲô
ҫİΪýӴǳҰҲɣæ˸񣬴
ӭȪػ٣ƽּǣ
šҲֻĲɵغһ࣬Ҫˡ
ڼҳǹ⣬Ǿ뼺޹أǳҰֲֿ´ģҲûʲô
ΪȥˣϽСܼǰס󣬵
ˣ滹кȪڵȺء
һ鼱ڵЩͺˡššƽֻ֣֚ͨƽͳܽУȻڶ֮С
ޣޡ
⻰ƽ֚¶Ȼı飬ת֣λˣ̧ͷɣ
һںɣ׷׼ķȣԼƽּ˵ҰСи껹ͬʱߵһץסק
߻Թû˽̧ͷû˾ǳסԼҲˣɱˡ
һϡϡ
ݼˣ
úáϹ𼸷ԵļЦɣ֪һҵĺܣһְɡ
æҴҵվһš
½ľʮƽΣףˡ
ף㱣֤𣿡
⡭

´·ţ
ֲ
лˣ常ʮǰ
˵˵ѣҪ

ʮš
ûˣ˵仰𣿡

Ț㻹Цʼ䣬ϾͱòͷʮˣͿʼüͷʮ˵ʱɴ˻˵
ˣҲǲסǵ˳˵ɡ
Ȼתߡ
һΪ治֪ϲŭǿϡ
űקȥ૵ܲǾͱץɡ
һۣ׳գҪɱʹɱˣҵԽ裬Խȫ

Щǽ֮㻹ǵõһĴи䣬ˮͷṩġ
ҲΪֹˡһʱ֮޷õĻģյ˶ԸҺĿͷ֪ͨ
԰µֻгߣӼΪöԼʮˣܼƷȥһǧʯء
ǽͷһûհأʮˣŸһǧʯ
ȥ桱оʮܡؿ϶ǶûˣܱܲסҲҪڸġ
ûأǹ᳹֯ųҪ͡ľ񣬴󲿷ֶ˼λҷʿɽκŸǧʯָüҵٺ»ͻն֮׼ﰲ򣬾˵Ǻü
ֻҳͨûнʱ˵ְи⣬¡ѣҪҪ׷û
ȪһأõʯҪƽ桢ľ㼪һռеһǧʯٳȴȨأƽּҿ֧ʣأԼһǧʯ
ԣǰµĹҳǶյǰĺﳤףһǧʯˣءҼεҲΪʯϡײʿҲʮʯʮʯջ
ȻֻǸţϸڻҪȾķ䲼ô´ȥˡ
һʱϲǣ̬ǲᡣ


ʮ ˰
ǰͶĹڣڱһһҹ֮ڵõӼʱƽ֚ѾﰲɽΡŵȡͶ̸֮ЦӼΪ׵˳ӺҲȻ׵λá
ǽͷݵȻʶʱһԴԺ˭Ϲ齵˫Ľڲֵûʲô
ֻͬŵˣɫδ֮ʣҿ㻹ΪҪǧʯٺ»
Ӽ䡢ˣ԰λ壬ԺȪİ˹ؼãڴ˱ʾϿɡϣȥҲѭҷȡ
ڽľ·ЩǽͷǣֻǲһۣӻַԸɣ
Ϊһǵʮֿģ˼ʮˣҲԵúϡ衣ڳȫǺȪڣƽֵļҳֻȼ̵ġ
ݣȻڣ۹ⲻǻ򼤶
Ȫ֪лѾ˸ָ壬ڳ¼ǧ˿ڶдˣָʽϾ໥ȡûõʼվͻе㵣ģͷû䵽Ҳн
ƽ֚㿪һ䣬ҲȷǵĲ롣
ΪػԵһҪ񣬾أȷ֪еĻ֡Ѿλпʼˣϡ
ǡ
һں֮ѵش𡣲ҲΪ̫ܹעˣһ˵ȴҳͰ͸ػˡ
ͨ£ƽ֚ϲݵ䣬һգ˵һνưĺѣ𽥽⡣
ղӼ˽ʱȴֶԷѧʶ̸ºƽӹҲתò̫죬Ըɴ໻ֱ˵ĶԻʽ
ߵƽطнӹһ״ֽ˵
λ֪УҲֶ˰š˶⣬зڴˣױ
ǿһԺ״ֽɨֵۣ
ԵĿҲ˽˵ˣҾͲ׸ֻҪصĽƫ󣬸λ֪ʯҲͲʲô仯˿ڵĻ
û˵ɨȴɵõ׷ױʾԲд¡
Ǿ¡ͣһ˵⣬ΪڹʱίӼ䡢֡λΪĴͷֱϽ塣ҪսĻ˾ҪӸϽ֮ڣԱӦıɱӡ
˵̵⣬ͣһҲϣ졣
νˡ𣬾Ļͳ˥֮ġŹػʧƣ˲Žȡƶĵλսʱвٹ˸һԾΪܳϵĴҲ౻ӣṩ˰;ۡ
˹У͹֮ǺײĦġ
ڴռأԶ״ҳôɿѹեˮ࣬ӵսҲͣʵǰ۵úܡ
ڹڿǿѾˣΪЧʵڵòʧΪֻսûصķݡ
βŨ紦ķСβͳζȽɢʱµġڡʮңһ͔֯ٶʼϸͱƵ׶֮ء
ȪΪ⣬˵ؾ÷ֻҪƽƽӣͿɹϷʳСǱһĹڸϧӲԸⵣȥ̡
ȻҲģⲿ˶ˣڳļأ
ƽ֚ѴȻ鸴ӵġ
һûĹǵĺʱ޷ֿҪ󡣵ƽ̫̱֚պĲҲǿ֪ġ
ܵﲻһɱС漴ѹȥ˵
֯һҪǳر߾˾ְ⣬ҳÿ󲿷ʱ䣬ҪʱڳºԻصԼķȥ
һ˽Ǵ󾪾塣
˾൱жũϵԣǻҷеġ
һ֥СصĶԣҪʲôô
־ҿƵĹ˴ѡϵȻʧȥԵҲڴӸλֻҪڱ׵ġһϵλã϶ԶʤڼҾӪһĶֵءбʱ¿ϣȡλá֯ҵǰҶôġ
ȻĸʱգǿҲûгԶ۹ķӹ߾Ӷࡣ
ԺȪǣǲ̫ԸλΪͨҳġ
һʱЩѹֻ֣ͷšȪ顱ԾԾԣ׼ġ
ƽ֚תˣ
ǱҶβ״ҳҪ󣬺ȪϾҲС顯ڴˣһζհҲδغʡ
ڵĿʱɶˡ
ͬһιɽһ̲סҪһƽּ˵ĸհԶ˫
ֻǸӦֿˣ
ұϾˣԹ¹Ͳ;Ӽ䡢֡ΪףҴһ֧ɡȪ²ڡɵľơڴ˵ˣȻʱڳºҲҪʼó׼ս֣ȻǷҪȥǿλĸԸ
²ڣ˼壬ָ½ˡڸҴķ״ҳŲһȨΡһ˵ǲ״ҳġ
ҶǴ˹ģܲѹλȨص״֮У
ʶ䣬ﰲҲ̲סϽߵ׺
ﰲԸΪ²ƽּ·ս
ģյһȦӡ
ȴֻļ˵ͷ΢Ц֪ԼĿѾﵽ
ţᵽӼ䡢֡ȵȷ׷׿ڱʾҲԤϵУָܱΪͷ˵ǿ϶ƽ֚˽¹ͨġ
ڴ˴֮£ʮ߰˸ԾûʲôִĹվˡ
Ҳ͵Ϊֹˡһûֻ໥
ﰲĿ׺ݵضңҪƵӣȴƽֹ֚ˣ
ǧҪκιǣʵʲôѣҲװ׵˵Ҳǿ
һиص߷ݵ˵
лʺʵ಻ǲԸΪΪ֯ΪЧʵǡ̫ҲﲻҲòˡĶӶȥ磬µӲʮ꣬Ҳ
˲ΡΡӣ˵ĵǼٻ
ڷɭϵĴңһ£һӣǰԪĵλͻضҡ
ƽ֚෭ϡ߽ʮţһȽϰ֣罵ĺ壨Ҳûֻ֣ʯҡͳʱڣҪṩʿһˣʮ˵ıۡ
Ȫսɲˣ²ҳûʽҳ˵ôʿһˡֻԼ̳ˡ
뷢԰׵󵱲ıܻջǰǲˡ
ȷʵס㲻Ծͷһͬı飬Ҫ˼Ҵǿѣҿ۾ˣʽΣ
һԸ̵˶׷ڴؿ֪⡰ʽǺ⡣
ƽ֚΢ЦŽ͵
찲µṩۡԭ޷սôǮ۰ɣղŵ׼ңÿϽزĳɣоۡպ꣬ǷҪٸĳɷۣоţ˰Ǯͽ˰ΣԲԣɣôʹöƵģС̫˰žˡǸɴͽС˰ɡ
ȥһβ֪νùǾһ£ǾϾǷʼĳɡ֡
ԼǲôʳģǴµũ˰幫ı׼㣬õһճɡҪϽĳɣǾ͵ֻʣһ֡
ȻóеҲͦջġúúüһˡ
ʮߵʯѡ˰ĻÿֻʮʯףȪʳ۸ܻʮǮ
ƺ٣ٶԱᣬҲٲߣЩǮǸ뼸ˣҲǺ㹻ġ˵Ҫںõöء
һĳ󣬾ͿһֱأܱסĶ
ûôԥ͹ڵأߺ
СԸ˰ۣл˶䣡
ɲͷ˸ٵĳߣ𣡡ƽ֚΢Цʴ񰮵ӣȺ˻ԥһ
ʵҲþڡĳɡıҲѡṩһȵľۣϽġ˰ҲǿԵġ֮ǳͿ˰ȱ٣٣߿û⣬ѡɡֻڼ֮ɷм㡣λ뽻Ǯǳһʱ޷ĻԻȥڱ֮˱ɡ
һʱԿв⶯ˡ
󲿷ֹڣǲϲ̣ǲϲΪ̡Ҳвųٲֹڣǵ治Ը赶Ūǹġ
βšŨֵ͵ĹضܺȪͬ뾩ͽܽԸԣҵϢأȽĻܶӵܶϲʫʤ֮
ƽ֚ߣÿЩʿݣתΪվרС
һ־ɳϲɱ»ˣ롰Ȫ²ڡս½䳤ڵ뱾졣ж˺صǿϵ֮ҲͽΪְҵʿˡ
ַʽͿһֶʵ֡ũ롱ˡĿǰѡʱû̫ķС
Ȼֻǵһƽ֚㻹һϵдʩáڡʱĽ׼ƽּҵٳ֡


ʮ 
˹֮󣬚˸ͷԵļ
ĸ棬һӼУΪ󣨹ĵǧʯҪؽʷףһʵȣûҲ©ۣۣǱ˿ȥȽвŸɣӦԴҲǹԽϺõģ±зḻĺó飬һʤ޵ˮ
ﰲǰ߲ͬԭΪЧ֯ͨǡʱ󵹸꣬ն˾׼дˣֿܻʯ˵©ѡ
ųżΪʾͣƽ֚Ҳ׼ܸߵ͸
СѾˣڵձÿ˺ܶࡣһûӪĺ֮ĸͷ׷֪Ȥؿʼģԡ
󣬴һĳ´ĵ
ӼԵġһһ⣬ԥҪƽּ¾ҵҵƣʵƽɱ֮Դߡ
ϴͨĳģ۵װΣһһ۵ڣнηʣǷӹ֮Ǽ̳ϵļҵڴ϶ϲ
ôһˣԶȡص̬ȣʼռ֡˭ӵ˭ķ룬Ҳпܳڽҵȥ
Ϊ˭Ȫػػĵġ
ڶԵʹһ㣬Ŀǣ
֪ҪȪС˻һʱ䡣ʹβŵݣ˵¼֮󣬾ֻеϲˣ˫ıǰ˵ϼ仰Сȥһˣ
ȻҲǺ봵ԵԸߡƽ֚֮µģţѡĵطȥС
ǧ򴩣ƨƵĻ˵ȻҲһȴǺˬġ
һ￴ʮᣬòڣñʵʮָɾûʲôҳ壬һʤͬݵˡȪΨһ̨ġ
ԚԴ˱ֳ΢һ˿飬΢Цʱĳ̶ȸһ㡣ȻԷܷܲͿ˵Ĺ۲ˡ
ڵ±ˣôһֺ˻ζ̫ʿòƵϳª·ȻĸԻ⸱Ȼġķȴץסص㡣
ּҹشңС紨ʮңˮٰʮˣʱ̿ΪЧ
ǰѾ˸Ӵ˽Щˣǵ˵һʾǿϾȪĺߺܳƽּûֱˮԵ־ץסԼҵЩʵ㡣
ȪؿĹ˲٣ҲмҴͼʮˮ򣬵ԶԶȲϵּҡ
Ԥ룬ƽ֚ѹڵĴൽһ齨ˮ飬±Ϊˮλ÷Īˡ
֪ʵ뷨ǿ϶ʧýˡ
һһԻƽ
ﰲһڣվȫˡ
ԭǣǰȪڶЩųҿѾôӱܺµۺ˰ˣͳδ˵صóҲʲôöҪ˵ʮһ桢ÿ֮ĴˡȻƽּڴˣҲɲʲôһɣСȻԸΪȷ棬Ϊն׼
⻰ͷɫˡ
ƽ֚㶼һ֮⡣
䡰ų򡱾Ͱеĺڣ⼸λȫȥˡȲ̸ۺ񣬵϶ǰ˶ˡ
˵ֱԡѾôӱܺ˰⻰Ȼ˵úܶԣƽ֚Ҳ֪αطǵأ
ó켰µĺȪٶһ٣˾ȵġ
ƽ֚ԸѾܶȨļҳ彻̸Ҳ˽⵽һЩüеڲìܡЩ൳еĶȨеļȱ㣬п̵ġδ˶óʲôۣ޵˵ϻ֮󣬲ǰôӢˣ
ҲǺ顣ó߱ҲͲڶʮ֮ɵŹ±ɽܰˡȻѾȥ꣬µӰڶڲɢ
üкøе˵𡰳칫ʣ˼ڣҴúڴˡзҲпɾĶ֡
һﲻΪȻģҲṫȻ۶ŸɡϾһͶʿһ˵ȣǸλġ͢ĻǰҲ϶λҪǳ׷üңͬʱ˵Ĺģ
ﰲԲͷࡣ
ϸ˼һǺȪ׵ˡ
Ҳֻд˿ƽ֚Сʿũ롱ײ㽥Ĩ
һѡͷʱ򣬻һɿǿҺߣΪ²㣬֮Ļ塣
˼·ﰲȪ顱еεġ˿ܲϲ֣ϲֵ
Ȼһһǿͱ˵һϣϧйڵĳޡһͺѰȵڹͷλˡ
Ժٱ䣬ƽ֚㱻ϳȪﰲڵؿܾʹȥˣٵһڼ飬ƵĹ͡ƽ֚Ȼ̫ܸᡣ
˶ϾԼĺ·ÚãԿһ´ˣǽΪһǧйǵı걾ˡ


ʮһ ʤζ
ѡΪͷĺ壬ੲݵĴʹʴʣԼ˵ĳĬĵֿиˡ
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ҳֲͨͬǰĵλ̫ߣӰ̫ˣóȻпηգҲֻ֯ȻԺ޺֢¡
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л֯ﵯΣл˺ɼ˲ﳼһ¾ľǰ
Ե˵ͷɽð֯ųǰ˵ΥڣʵȴǱһ΢
Դƽ֚ǻӦ˴Σ䣬ԺҪ˼ҵŷǰ棬ס
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ܵʱ򣬼˶ĺԮ
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Ҫʱ԰쵽㵱ıԵش³ǣȽصر
һպҪǷأиõĽݵ㡣ҲųҪ


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Ҳ¶ҲԸѣǱֱӽɡ֪־ţСг֣ͨ⣬𣿡
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һϸСгָģǰԼʮԼ5kmĵص㡣ǚʵѡص㣬ڣ
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֣ʱһͬ𣬵ʵָǲͬǷ£硣ͬǣڽ֯Ӱȡá䲻롱Ȩ
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ۿҪһлǸµ˾ûʰɢȥǸϽ廰ʵ
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ҪóԶЩκθȫƿأΪǿѹضǿҵķֻҪס򣬾Ӧø޶ȵΣǳ֮
Ҳǰܷôһδ
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ιͷȨ򶼿ƲסΨнһ;ˡ


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ѮѾȪź壬ʱձ½Ҫʪȵġڽͷʱ㺹䤱ʱ֣졣
ˣȻڽ򾩶Ҳû˻ʱС̻ȻɿӭͣȴֻѧͽͼϰռֹͷȻǰڷϢûдڽײִҲȨԺȥܱ
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ξֳԱȻϲǰߡ
ӹױȴۺһ⣬ķʽ
˵֯ҵǸʲôųˡǸˣȴЩʶһֻ벻۵ģǵ֪˵Ʒ⡣
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ʱʲô飬һüֵˡ˳һٶá
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ȿȡľɤӣ£λʵǸ˵
ǡæʩһ񣬲ſڣԽʮɣΪƽּЧҰǰܣԤϵպս²٣ҪĲҩǾҩݶһҩĲϡʱڲԣҩ̫٣ǶԤԼ˵ñȡҲˡϽǰҩȴˡҩǼۣҪˡ
ԭƽִ˵¡
ľ㼪δԻжϣȴֻǿһԷݡСг״ȴæ
вһ֮ʡҩֲǲũѵֻһ˿ҩݻǼǧôķ̺ôóȻԵͼǩͬҵԼдǶٹᣬ۸ǰ˰ġ
أľ㼪δӦԽʮȴ̲סе
ҿԼ֣
СгҲʾػӦ˵
㲻óȽϣô˱һ˭Լġ

λҸΣľ㼪ֹˣѯʵ
˵Լ֣βó
Խʮһ״ֽݹ˵ֹ̾˵ԼǴ۸Ĺġ
СгҲ˴ӵóļһԲȥ
ľ㼪ӹ״ھһͬ鿴һʣСԴֺӡ˭
ǩԼԽʮæش˵СҵĴˡ
̶СгԽһۣüǱһͷ֡
ǻľ㼪ɫʲͺˣ
Сг޺޵شⷬͷǰˡԽרͷҲŲòɡ
ľ㼪Цݶʱһ֪Ǻá
Χ߼Ȥľ棬ȤԽŨ񣬹˲ϸˡ
ľ㼪֣ܶ˼ҩСľ˲飬ѾͶˡǶ֯Ҳ˸ǸˣоǿҧĺϷ
˫һβˣƽ֚£һǽˣľ㼪ϵСôУڲĳš
Ҳ֪˳⣬Ե⡰ԴȷʵСݵķͷȥʮһߴƴҲȷʵǰˡ
ô飬͸˵ˣ


ʮ ư
˵֯ҹǰ˵ǡܵݡĳƽã֬ݡĺݡĽڼĸϣǴķġ
֯ų֮ǿָ˽ھڱͷ˸йЩġ
棬ܿǵЦ
ľ㼪Ȼڴü¶Ϊѵı顣ھҪЩȻҲòʲô취С죬ʼղܽӡ
˶Լ֣ȴкܴȻһû˵滰ɵڰǰǩͬġҩݡͷԴȻȴѾˡ޶֤ڳҲ޷ʬǿڡ
Ǹûûͨˣ˾͸ϳȥˡ۸˵£ҲûֻҪε㲻д⡣Խʮ֯سƽ֚£ɮ濴棬׿ﲻá
⡰ҩݡСҲʲô֮СȻڻڵġʮˡ֮УҲǽ֮ĶȺ̣ܹ㣬ӰСûʵ֤ݣܲǿȱصȷɣ
ľ㼪üͷԽΧߵ·ԽŨ
Ϊɣҵģó׷治Ƶʱϵ˴ǲٵģÿһЩ漰ǧǮͷ˾ճ֮ⱾҲϡ档
⣬֯εĽϵĵһ׮ǧ˫۾ţһòˣ¾ˡ
ԽʮɺСгȻŭĿӣãǵ˵ļơ
֮ʱȴֻȺֳһ׳СҰǻʿʿǰľ㼪ͽھõĶߣ˵˼仰
Ҳ֪˵ʲôԣľԣϵݶʱɢˣ¶֮ɫ
ľ㼪ٺ١һЦİƣ˿ΧһȦ˻ڴɻĿ⣬˹Ի
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Ҳû˻ɣ˽յľ鷢չĶϰԾϷ
ͨѶֲ󲿷·˶ֻҪ˵ɹ
ԾųϵĿⶼ˽ľ㼪ϣȴ˵ൽʲô
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˶ܵóۡΧ߼ֻ˵ôϻ·׷ײľ㼪ֲΣҲû˸дˣֻһʱ䳡
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λ룬⸣ԴѾȥ޶֤ڳҲ޷ʬǿڡǣݱٲ֤⸣Դ
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ΧδзӦҩݵٶСгȴǴΪ֣СҾڴթ˿ͣдҪҥԡ
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ʱҲ֪ԭǿžļһǽеĸ۷С
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ƭթĸһΧȺвһͳľ̾ͷû¾粥ŵģټ֣Ը෸ַһ㶼˽⡣
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С΢ЦֻĿߵľ㼪
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Сȴץסؼʣ
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ⲻСгƿԣҲڶͬо
ȷʵһݵĸ߼Աƴȡҵڶͻ㹻֮ŻԼ̺šûô˼ݣת²Ҽ簲
СݵĸԴ֮껹ڸ˴򹤣աϵģȷټϸ룬ΨһĿԾŵ氡
ôһѾԼţСгԽʮɶ׵ģֻǱһµķͷƭˡ
Ǳ߷Сڼʡ
СԴųԼ֮ǷֻϤҽʦ
ǵġиѳڽҽ
һֱᣬֻļ˲ٳְɣ˿壿
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Ҳǽ̵Ǯʵ̫Բˣ͸ɴթѣ̫ƻ˰
ۿɣľ㼪ظһ飺
ͬԼȻǴ˽ǩܴҩݵСңֻϡԽʮʧûԺܺߣ԰
Ȼû߿׷ˣҲûʲô˲ĵطԽС˶Ӧˣһ̡
ΧҲ׼Ҫȥˣһδӡм˻ڻźõϷҲ벻ͨĿĺڡ
ʱľ㼪ͻȻ˵
ֹУ縪׳нΪ˶žసҪʩһ


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𣬷ǩ֮飬ԿӡǩҲܳһֹ۸ġԺдˣԷΪ׼
ݵĶңʱ鿴Լйصļ־ݣʹ·ͷƭҲɼʱ֡
ҪǩԼ˫źͬļݲӡǩ֡Ϊ׼
ÿӡǩȡٷ֮˰ѣһᡣֻҪɴ˿ͿڶԷΥԼʱҪϡ˰һеٲָ˫ɹ֧ͬ
ȫƾԸ㲻Ըӡǩ֮˰Ȼִֻʱ㲻ҪķЩѲȡ֤ʱ䡣
ȻҲվޣԶǱ޳ĪֻнΧڣָĺϷףſܵ
ǽܱ߶ڵĽףԵȪػƽּϿɡ
ľ㼪ƽ֚Ļһһʮ˵˳
˴Է׷⶯
ǰֻƾ⣬ģʱǩԼƭƻյֻҪٷ֮Ǯɰ֯ҽеĴдںͬϣɴǿƭΥԼĿɱ
֯ҵȻûб鼰£Ŀǰڽһ˵һġҾ֯һͻȻ˥ˣٷ֮˰ʲôأ
֪һӾߴӱغأ·ҪĹ˰·ǮٵֵϻֵˡɱһҪëԳС
ٷ֮ӡǩ˰ȽëԵòһˡ
󲿷˶ڰ㣬⡰ӡǩ˰ʮֵá
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ǵԽʮɺСг֯ҵӰӣͺпǸȦǮľְˡ
ȻǸ֣ȴҲȷʵȡ˫Ӯ档ʲôë
֯ȻһضʿͷȻԴףȴϣ٣ǰ漸ʮȥĸҴγԱȡ
ʶų˼ҳǣȻڸְźͷߴֱɲĳǽɫʵܺá
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ʵҲݵòôá
ƽ֚ھڽֽǾݵĶ¥ϣ۲žƵķչΧǻױ¡ı׼ⳡϷݼȻ̫ҵǚעǽǹ̡
ֿȺȻ۷׷ףмԽʮɴض㣬Ŵȸпķȣ֪ܶƭ
СгҲͷ˵ȷʵˣȷʵˡֻٷ֮˰ѣʵ
ǰߵĶȺԵеšԴţͶ벻㡣
ʱķɣûӰӾ磬ⷽ沢С
ҲںЩֻע⵽¼Ĵͺ߰䲼ǽľ㼪ڳϷ׽ųָˡڱͷĽھãһֱֻʾӵ̬ȣֻܼ˵ľ仰ֱǣ
ľ´˵ǡòıϡ
ľ´˵̫ˡ
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һʱҲûʲôرĿͰľ´˵˼ɡ
ϿֻǡָڶԽΡʵʲȫôһ
κνھԼʵӦ棬̲ǱѹҲͬˡελеʲô취
ܼ΢֪ˣվǺٵġ󲿷СҲֻԼǵˡ˵ҵУҪǮ
дˣһݷ⣬ǰǩ־ݵģīŸոɵӡǩɻü
дˣ֪ܼ߰ʮĹܥȹ̣ý˰ѣǷҪȡҪԼһҲ𣿡
дˣǶԷִⲻԸȥҿԵȥ𣿡

ĵǼ½򾮵ݡӪʱȽ⣬깤ٽ˵ԼжߵġȻлмС
ľ㼪ЦеһѹĶʾ˰˵ʩУλƲѾдùǰҳרŸ𽲽⡣
ƺƵһǰ
ȥµûֵȴԽԽࡣҲиҺɹ̽ӡ
ֱ˰Ȼ˹ٷ־ݵ״ֽŽಽظȥ
ǽ̣ϢԺ󣬷ݡֿޣ䵱ҵҲʳˣҲҪһЩԤԤ֮ġ
絽ϣһʮӡḳ̌ȡʮ˰ѡ
Сʮˡеĺ̵ǴûвУֻǼ֯ұʾƵģǰӦߡǵⳣǣԶˣǴʱ֯ңҲδʵϽ


ʮһ
»ʮʮģȡӡ˰ʮһᡣ
ľ㼪׽һһؽ¼˲ϡ
ǰһѴСȵ۾Ҫֱˡ
ƽ֚ʱ޵ľ
ƽҪһ˰ǧѵ顣ʩСƣȻǮš
һٹᣬÿʮϣľ㼪û뵱Уɵýﻰ˵˳
СҲӦǲǿԸ׳ǮƣҲֻƽּˡ
ƽ֚ȴ΢ЦҡҡͷǵĻ룺ŻôˡԺ״ȶÿնٹˡҿһԼҲһᣬ಻ᳬ򡣡
ľ㼪Ҳ٣ԣҲһʴǮˣǮᣬڿʯءʵڸҵĪ
ҪϷӪɱԼף׷ִɱƽ֚ˮᵽһؼ⣺ҪĻ᪸ǵĿԭ˼ҵоȨĻ֡
˵űóеš
µȻܲȴݸ᪸ǵ֯ų֪ų۹⣬Ȼľ㼪һ߹档ÿһǮ˼һۺ졣ټ֮֯һȡμҳɷӵߣǾûȷָʾ
չųóЩתȥӡ˰βƵȵƹ㡣主ҲԶȲЩܺ͡
ľ״˽ںû˼ϵ˵
ҿ󲿷ֽӦýƽּʣ±Ҫ֧ɡ
ŻһƲ򶯵ӣʱԵṵ́ġڳƽ֚֮⣬СľСһɡСгˣⶼдΪĿ
ΨК㲢ȣ㼪˿̰ӣʵ־ԶȻϲʳɫȮҲܺԥΪǰ;Щ
˵ȻųָʾΪԭ򡣵֮ҲͬӰس
˿ľ㼪ⷬӦǷƽ֚ġػ˸ΪǮ
ϵǣֻ΢Цҡҡеȣܾ
ĳУҲ˹ǣԺ󵫷֮ȡ˰ѣȫľ´ˣ֧ٿɽΰһЩȷ˵ذȡңֻȡ֮⣬Ȫӡǩ˰
ⷬȻߴΪԾ
ʮ־ϲɻ󣬲ұֳӡ
ľ㼪Ҳͬת˲üؽ뵽˸һ㡣
ƽ֚ȴûй˼ǵĸܣֻ˵
飬¾ôˡôұȥˡҪذǣλ͡
űҪȥ
ߵȻǰӵ
СгٻҲԥظں档
ľСһɳƬִ̣˸к漴׷С̤

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ƽ֚ͷ裬Ƭ̣ͻȻһص⣺СһɣңΪƼСгˣ԰ɣæǰæôЩ죬ʲôµĸд𣿡
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Сһɵ±˾ϣƽ֚ݣȻ
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٣ƽ֚Ȫԭʷ༫ı仯ĺЧӦԹ
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ƽ֚ԼΪһҵģʽĴ˺ߣôӾõ֯ϵУλþͲɶҡˡ
ʮʱڽĲϣȡλƽ֚ûʱģгʱ۹ʶ


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ڡӡ˰𽥳ͣʼƹʩ֮ƽ֚ڰǵĳһԶ˸еľĻᡣ
ָڷɣڴڶꡣ˶Դ˵⻹ͣڡ۸ߵáϣֻһоϲ̨Ľ׷ʽ
ڽ˿ΨԺ߲լһ߾ٰһίе̸ּۻ۵ķʽ
Ƕƽ֚ضˡʲôʲӡĻᡱЩмġ
ƽ֚ų˵ҪݣںȪϲ³ҪľʯשȲϣܼ˵жǧᡣ
м鲻мȴû˸ǮȥһӣڣܼʮʵĽ˶а졣
յĹأ֮󣬾Ӧ׼ЩµƽֵļҳϹϵһϵаеĽ̸ͽ׶¼۸
ƽ֚ȴ˵ˣֻͨĻɹġⵥֻ˵ָĵط
ҵȻе鷳ǮǴүΪ׬Ǯ鷳ǿԿ˷ġ˷ͷģȨ̽Сȫϰ屾档
Ļڰǵĳֳһ¶ĴԺ̨վŹٷίεĹߡ̨ľ壬ŸʾֱдžĻĹ;ϸܡʮʱСľͤӣκͱīֽ⡣
׼Χۣ߽ͻ
εķʽǡꡱԸʾд󣬸ľͤд¸Ըļ۸񣬶ͳһٷ֮󣬳͵ǼݣͻᱻѡΪǵĹӦ̡
ڶǱڵΪĿǣƽ֚Ҳ涨ƣ۱һʱɣ磬м۸񶼲ʱģ֡
һγûзƵĵΪʮݶʵʵرһȽϽصļ۸ճ͵ǡݡԶǧٹ۸ƽ֚㱾ǩ˺ͬͬʱϰ廹ʮֻǵؽʮĹӡ˰֧ߵ̬ȡ
º̸£⡰ĻᡱǲʽȻǹٷ棬˵ĻƷȷĻ£̼Ҳʡ˲پٻ˼¸س
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һε⻻˴׵Ԥۡ
ͨļغ͹㣬Ҵε˱˵յȥҪľԼǧʯʳࡣƽ֚׼ǧʯ
ڶĻͽЩ׵ĹȨ˭С
ʳɻȱĶߣ۸żں͵򲻶ϲʱʺ϶ڻĻȪĴͣ·Ϣ֮ڵ̷׷ǰ
˵һεĳɹǶڡġ׼ȴϣƽ֚㽫εľķʽΪˡġ
ġ˼ǣǧʯԶǧٹΪ׼ۣʮΪɲǹۡ
̨¯ÿµı۲һȼ㣬ȼȼվʱûµı۳֣ǰıбꡣ
һεĲȻΪؽһſۡбļ۸ǧŰʮᣬмƽ֚ûö
⡰ġ淨ȴȡġ˸༸ķ졣
ԭǣڴ׳ɽǰ˼λҺͲˣһЩԡġ壬Ҳⳡġǰů
ЩƷ˸м۵ֵ֡ʮĲ룬Ը԰ʮ¡ԭ۶ʮ黭ܽеʮ߼ۡ
ƷץסĴʩǿϳ߼ۣδĶҪ˾Լ
ǰ黭ҲֻܹڼչЧվޡĻϾͲͬˣǵʮҵͬУԼΧߵ档
ųȴƽ֚ڼպٰ˵εĻǴӡﳭûķݳƷ
֪һĻһ٣߷ĳּɻĶҪ˲ࡣεķʽָˡٷ֮ΪġǣٷȱһԸܵĸ߼ۣ𽥽ֱͣڳ˿Ͻ֣;ʾ⣬Եǰ۸бꡣ
ϸ΢ȱڵĽΣĺլһƷֻܴͼ۸񡣵⡰ġ֮ʧ̶ȾСˣвںصԸ̵ġ
ȻȻûǣٴŪʮƷų档ЩƷҲȻǺܻӭ
жڶڡġġġѾеãȻˡĻҲԵؿչȥ
Ӵ˿ʼΪ˸Լƽ֚Ѵ󲿷ֵľºɹŽ˾ĻᡣעĿʼջԵͼ۵Ʒ˚Ԥơ
Ը˵ֻǶһҫҲƵѣֵùӡȴܼΪǿһ׬Ǯ
ͷᴴߵĳͷ֮·ʮּѵģֻܿľټлܵҵӡұͺ̲άָ΢һֻڽϰ̯ۣһֻҲͼģñũҲǿ̫ࡣ
ƽ֚Ϊ˱֤ƷʱƷ߲ܵġÿһѹĵӾ͹ˣůĶƷҲû̫ҪֻҪ˾ĻĻʮϡ
Ժܶ˾ʹпµĻ᣺һܶϲҵƷѼ۸ȥһٳ𣿾øʮǮҲܸƼҾˡǮĻҸ̧ۡ
һʱȪǵĳȻҵľۼء
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ϢԶǷ׷׿šҰɡˣⰶµľҲͬʱȵ
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ʮ ƽּҵȨṹ
ĻᡱƷս֮ƽ֚ĳĸʱ϶šѾˣļƻҪȴʱ
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ڽܸйľƣȻҲȫȻ̫ƽ֮ܶǳŶ֯һ̬ڷչʱ赣ġ
ᣬƽ֚Щʱ䣬ڲƶȵĵ
дʮͷȹ£Ըӱܳٷݣַÿһλʽҳڰǵĸſ
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ߵԱһ໥ͨȨֿ
ȻĿǰ󲿷ּҳĿǰⲻ˚ͼȻҲȥͣƶȵԽʱֳġ
ϰڡһ³֯ݰɽһᣬܥβ磬ľ㳤СгɼԭˡȺûй̶˾ְΨһǽƽ֚ң𴫵ϢȥĲŹְ¡
ښ뵱Уϰڡǹ᳹־ֹβ󲻵ıմʩ˵պǱϵ͵佫롰ϰڡɹְվȽŸǳҰƽּ﷢ġ
ױڡ˼壬ǽӡȫԱΪ٣ũҵĶϱɾֱͷףﳤ׵ĵܵܣΪ
ͬʱ㰲вֳһ֧СӣΪֱ鱨֯ݱʮˣΪĿ
֮⣬Գ˵۵ǣƽָ֚һڹڡĳνָЩ˵Ĺصݵ䵱УֻҪûбɳȥִض񣬾Ҫÿ찴ʱǱиʩС
о˭һûȷʣǽȨʮֽӽڿռϽӽʸƽ֚ǰԡԺҲпͨЩȥʵʩɚ±عס
ﳤ׵ȻλУǚĸʹܹܣŻбţ⽻ϵķȨȻӹ⣬ھЩѧʵģͬʱҲΪһͶı˴ڣҳͨڿԺܺõذͬʱҲ۲һ£Լܷ񻻻һ㴿ҳϡ
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ƽ֚ϣʶȵķȨ¸ϵһƽϵ
⵱ȻһܿյķյġʲôƶȱأԱ֤ʼסȨںߵ⣬ڿǻΪʱ硣
ȻҪרŵִԱ֮˲ֻ࣬ǳҰҴΣƽּطﳤʢڡ»Աʮ˸Ըһ񡣳˴ͳǮ֧˰룬صȵ֮⣬ҵߣԼõǳҰĻĳٰӡ˰ȡԸҪϱõ顣
·棬ƽ֚㽫»Ϊ챾ࡣ
챾ֱָϽغ״ҳʩһ̶ȵġũ롱֮ļĳݶһǧˣֱĸ죺ҼΣأٽﾰ档
ְҵδرũսһߵö࣬ҲӦڳƽ֚ԴӲġսսĹ۵㣬ԾӵһҪսǿټоչ˼ǴӲҡġ
ųǲƽˣ֮½ɽκšְҵʿũĻϣܼһǧ߰ٱⲿֱȻ޷ٷӦս
βת˿ҪЩʱվȽŸþɽԺȪʮϤġʱھս֮
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֮սдһΪףʯŴ֮ʿʮˣ̱һ˱ơ
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ʵıƳ¯֮Ϊ˸һʱȥӦƽ֚ûȥʲô͵ĻǷԸҳٰһᡣ
ӣ漰ܶ࣬òҲʲô̫ĺǲԹŻĺûᡣ


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ǮĴ̼£ҲûյʲôԹԡ
ѵʱӹ⣬ŹٱϤָͱʱ͡Ӧòѡ
ƽܾ֚սкܴĸĽأҲЩԧ󡱡ƫᳵǡ롱֮ĶȻûüЩ˼·Ͷ飬ñļƻֻ֮Ժ
ε֯ҵĵĻһԮ˵˺ϸТΪ׵һЩĻɽǹмȨ뵱غìܣԵԽǿĹΪжԿ
ȻֻǹԵشͨҪأʮַ˵صĺǶɽ¶ˮػ˲ʵ
ַЩһٱǣĻ΢ֱʱܿ޷³ǳصģʱͳЦˡ˺ϸТԡɨŶ壬ϵܱߣȷڶԮǰСذ䲼ַ
֯ӵ֮󣬽ϻصĻ£Ļܼٱġ
Щս£Ͼ⣬ػһǧ߰ˣϺںͼػɽѸǧˣȪƽ֚Ϊ֯ҵĴΪݵĶԣǧǰһ·Ԯ
·ټһЩ΢СʣʵϸơǵָӵĻһǧˡ
ҪĵˣԵＯŮҺɽңҲѾһ㣬һǶԿһѰϵĽ취ܼƹǰ˰ٵһǧ֮䡣
˶˵ĻʰôһҪʦڣۡЩĵҲǿиɵξء
ǧ˵Ķ飬ÿǮ֧ӦųѾٸ豨ˣƽ֚ʵһԼϵĺս
ϵĿ̫١Ϊ֯ҵĴ֣ΪԼĴڸС
һҳǶӦսپ
Ȼƽ֚Ŀĵμӹ֮ȴֵ˱΢Ƿ걸ʿ㣬ƺǼпµġߵѾĻֱǺڡԮں֮ڡ
ٹǲʵģֻܰӪկͼ֮ˡܱȫƽԭûʲôҪΣֻҪ¾ǿܴġ
ǿĺսûʲô̫Ҫָӵĵطƽ֚㵹ҲżɴﳤΪָȫװ˵Ӫʰݷã׼սʧֲ

˵װϰٽ̣Ҳ᲻ȥߵӪʵʱѾſˡ
һ㿿ʮǰʩ²ƽּںȪǷˮ𣬹Ȼ񣬲һʱһء
ղھϣѼˣ֮£Ȼ˽ꡣ
ҲװǫعάƴѾĻִ£΢ĩҵʲôأ
ӶЦһʱԵء
ʵƽ֚治ʮΣ˵ѣ˵ѡ
Ǹոսɵѡ
ƽ֚Ȼǧ֮ޣȴе˳Ծ˿Ǳ⡣
ȻϵѣȻܵ⣬϶ҪرġҲʮ侲صȴƽ֚
Ϊεִ£ȨǺܴģܸϵİΪҪѵĳ߹ˣҪһʵĿ
˵ʲôҪͷ۵£ǸùĻƲˡȪȷʵĻֱϽأҲȷʵѾռˡȻǱ˭ռͲ鲻ˣִλȨأԽϳǿնһҲѡ
˱ߺѱ˼ʱ֮һֱû⡣վʢ̲ס˵
ƽּ˽մҸģʲôǱ˰æģ뾡ֱԡ
ҲþȣԷϾǸųӵܣвžȴǸ΢΢һЦ֮󣬚ش˵
ȷһϣ򹫷˽ԣھٰһǰԺϡݳ⣬Ľ
ǰԺϣڣ
סˡ
ͷǰǺڴˣҴѡȡ˲óļҳأӦûʲô谭ɣ
Ψһ谭ǮɣٰôһʢᣬҪپѵİɣЩɻػش˵񹫷ȻϲֻҪѡ佫ȥ˵϶ᷴԡֻǾѵ⡭
ȻԸ׳ƽ֚صһЦг˵ֻҪǰԺϡУھĿ


ʮ ĵ˺͸Ѿ
峿紵ӱߣƬ«έҶɳɳ졣ڱһ棬ɽµס˳գ
ƽ֚ضںߣͷŶңŶָڴϳԴбһĵͣûжԶԶһ֪˯ѡ
ΧվһȦڣȫװɷнµ¾ҷ졣ֻǺϵļֻˮȴ飬ȥ벻̶ͣĽɽҰصԽԵÿš
ƽ֚Ҳ㡣֮ԴůӪܳ¶ͲݵϣֻΪ˰ġ
Լǲҡˡƽּҵ챾һϱټϺﳤΪ׵һɼҳҲսаҼΡȶûô˥䡣
ѾͲֹˡ̵ĲӻֻʱƴյɽѸǱ߻Ҫü
֮ǰھ棬ָӹǾһ֣һƽӹĽƻǾÿ˸һ򣬷ֱԼıǿƽɢ໥ûйͨе޴ǵֻǲһǧĹˣҲûʲô⡣
ʵۺƽֲսĳǶƽ֚Ӳһصķ½òиոշ¹ĺۼ֪ι̡һ棬ȱܥڵúǳЩι̵ǽԫؾķҲǺ޵ġ
ԚҲû̫ϣĸ챾һ飬νײǿĲΪΣһùʸڹ¶ͷĵб
׼֮ƽֱּصսһ磬ȻҲͻƲ˷ߣݹƵ˫ʮµս
֚㻹⡣ԼǶԷܱĶʮ֮һһɱˣԹǶǲס
֮࣬ͺάסʿˡԚڰźֵҹ֮󣬾ͰȻ硣
û뵽һ˯ͳ˴⡣
еＯŮءɽжˣۼƴ󣬲ȡһսʹ˳ú͵Ϯ
νġҹϮƽּҵ޽ǿֻǳϷһû鵽ӪأûмͶĴʩûԤȷų鱨Իûеȴƣʹøı졢αװ֮ĸ߶ֶΡ
١ʿ棬вǴֵشŻѣſڳģ˵ҹϮ˵̵ִؽɣ
ɲ뵽С޹Ҽҳ̶ȵҹϮȻˮɽѸһֲϺھפڳоңɢݣֳ˳ϵ̾Ӧһʱ
ȶߵƽ־ͱߵĻֱӦʱ򣬾Ѿʰסˡɢ»һ𣬮ɽͻġʿһ˸ֲ˭˭
˫ǽƽ֚㣬ĻϸӢܣҲֻԼӪ̣ǲȥ
ҵǣһҹս֮󣬮ɽѸ߱ûʲô˺ʧļٱ಻սˣҲӰ֡ǳͻؾɱһٶྫ񣬸᧿Σˡ
սҹϮʧˡǾȴֳһ״
ѡɽѸΪ׵һӴȻûܵʵʵ˺ֻһЩ⽣ӰͱþʧЧǵļҳʿҲʼʧȥ־ˡǿ;ƽ־ȻҲû˾
ʱ͵ֻҪˡؾͬսǰҪ󣬳׽ͳΡ
Ȼӵ˶ͬ͡һˣűʾôάսǰ
ЩŻȨġ֮ǣȻ濼ǣɴˣõڶҹϮ
Ժụ̂ÿ⡣
ɽѸߣţ׽Ǳãû뵽Ǹȫõ廨ͷ֪ųպ᲻ڣü޸˴ˡ
һȻɹˣѱӵĿͶϺػ
ƽ֚뵽һ㡣
ͬΪų÷򣬮ɽѸȷʵûʲô¡ºôһɽҵϳܲûлսɣ
ӣ˵þڲˡ˵ڮɽıͷͷϣһֱβ󲻵֮ӣĪ˸ã
һЦҹϮîɽҵԱմȨ
ˣǮɽѸ߾Ҫ˱ȷѡ
ô˵˼ҵڲҲ岻졣
ښΨһģԼķʽסġȷ˵Ҫѵ顣
ڶƲһλ˵ϰ֮󣬚ûоֱȥ˵ж˵ڶһ磬ȻѲӶ˺ﳤףԼܵӱߵȥˡ
Ȼһûʲôϵͣձʦѡûнƽ֚
ϾҲͬԪȼĶ̸ЦôˣҪôһĹϹҵס


ʮ ֮
ʶƶϣɽǹĹǺ׵𳣼ġ
úذһС۳ĺŻʮͭ壬ѰСһǮȳԷˡ
ƽ֚ںӱһʱȴջǳֻֻ˹ҲŲָе㾭λµĵʵ衣ǹ𴨺ˮḻҪǻ˱ĺ˵ֻС㶼ûء
ֻộȴǲұֳġһԲվñֱٴУȻΧ
ԼʵҲû̫ںճɡԣǸлֻʱļ̫ˡ
Ȼ̼άģɵġƯҲǿĵϸݹƳɣһ֧ëԶ˶塣㹳ֳִòǦ׹ܳȥ֮ܶȶʮһ͵̫ԶˣջѾǳ˰
ãְҵŪҲŶӡ̫ɽͷʱ㻽˸˰æסͣԼȡͺУó˷š÷ӡɡƹɵı㵱ϯضʼš
ʱ򣬚⿴ӪǱλʿʮҴҸϹӼƺͷʽ
ûеϵôһϹ
ƽ֚½ҧһ䷹£Сϴϴ֣׼ӭӡ
ǱȴȲˣδҪлˣƽּˣ
ݸӭȥֲƴΪл
̾һҲǿЦһ£ŻͷҲֻᣬ̩֮Ȼˣڽˣ
˵ʱϻЩԾ¶ΣƺΪԼų϶е
ȴֻδԷɫŲæսʮ˳ҹֽɱطͻΧ֮ն侫࣬ΪβϾأ
Ƭ̡
ʵѾͻϮ˫սԼһѮɽѸߵ˶սĶҡˡƽ֚ôһ˵񻹿Ϊռţ
ѹ֣ղͬϸǵ˺˵˵Թ˹䡰΢Թ³Ĺ۵㣬ûʲôɹΨ˵ƽּһŵȥˡù󶨡
뵽Щ˿Цҡҡͷ˵ˣǼ˰ʵҲ֪ϵĲ㣬ǹˣ
ңҡ
˴ûˣαػأǸ㣬ˣѾĹˣ
ޣ𣿡
һƬƵ޹飬ʲôû
ˡȷʵһҹҺϸǵȰ죬Ҳġ鴫Ͼ򶨶ˣѾš
Ŵԣ΢΢ףȴҲЩɻ
˳Ȼֵø˵ġôţǲЩ˳ˣԭΪҪһŵıݣܰһηеѹȥء
·ǿƽ֚ʣͻȻǰښ
˿ܻ֪ڹĿУռʮĵλ
ŴԲ󾪣Ҳص⻰Ӻ˵𣿡
Цһ£ʾң˹ؽüңڣ߱ɱϴ֣Ҳǵ񹫷ﳤʡҲ֪˼׾ԶսһֱܵţΨնݳ׷ɱǶʱ䣬˶¡
ͷʾ⡣
һӵܶǻѭ򽥽ؽӴѪɱ֮µģӳ󵽵һοµ׼ҪһӦ̡մ;ֳĴ̣ȷʵ̫ס⾭ˣ붼˱Ӱߣֻһۡ
ѵǿġֻղŵĻϵ
ֲΪʵģȻǾ١ʦ֯ﵯƽּĪ˵֯ﵯѣδȫȴ׻ڣù˾áڲˡ
ƽ֚е㲻֪롣
Էһͣ߼ҲǺġϸȥ˺ܲˡ
һֱΪĻԼǳá£̬ȣԼҲȫ԰ĻһɵпѣѵʵԴǹթƾ£Ҳûʲô︺
ôһ˵еοھءښ㿴˫û棬̸θ
һʿܵõĴ󽫾ƺл⣬ȻϲġȻƽ֚һǰǱڵ˵ģǣ̫Ĺϵ
ĻæǰԺϡ߼ҲͨˣֱˡΪԭʷУյ֯ûĻĴ
ԸⷬǼٵģ£ԼֶΡ
ɶԷǰƫƫǸϲֱԣϲϹ˵ʵˡ
ôԣΪҪڴ˴ѻ˵ôأ
˵ȷ˵ٻ˵ٻڡ˵ʵ
ʲô˵ʲôҲһġ
ôһ룬Ȼʣ仹ûȫɻ󣬵Ҳһ顣
㿪˵ЩʲôȴͻȻд
ϣţǰոҰ緢е١ɮ˸ʮ࣬ʮ
ޣϡ
ɫ䣬תȥֽӹż
һͷȥǲëĲݹܸƯ͵һƺǵϴ㡣
͵æոˣȴǸܲһ߱ˮ棬ֻ㹳ϿһʳԵˡ
ƽ֚֮ЦԻ
£ȷҪ򶼲֪ڵ㣬ڵأ


ʮ ֮еı
ȪҵϢ˵ᵽɤۡƽ֚ȥһѺòװ˼Ҫҡôַսͻ᲻֮
Ļڶòñִ£ͻΪ׵ЦԼº
ƽ֚ȫû˼ֻ΢Цһ£˵һ䡰ϡ
ϼҳ˱ʣȴǰ˵ʲôϡһϣǻᱻ˿ǹŪ飬װǻơƽּһˣ˫ǽȻ˵ˡϡǾһ˺취Ȼǲõˡ
Śһ˹ˣھ侲´ʣ͹۷˵ǰľơ
ѹȻֳһмӵӣͷǣջŚֱۣ˵Һƽּڴˣ
¶ԣϸТɫе㲻̫Ȼǹһ˿֮ɫ
ΪĻеĴ󽫣ܵȴƺˡ
ҲֲýˣϾ˿ûйܽ񴨣õⷬҵ
ƽ֚ĸҲʮָӣܲڵġֻȻ°ݣֿеرΪ´塱ǵ׳־ġ
Ȼ󣬺սڴҹϮ־صĽࡣ
ţʵɱбս죬óؾ߳ɶ˲ʡ
ͷʼָ׵Ӱ뽵ԭأܾ
ڰֻ첲űҲվһߴ뽵Ը󲿷أֻӵҵԱܡ
ھ磬سǱվֵס׷׵꣬ＯŮءɽа׳⣬ˡ
չ˵Ĵǣ׶ؾڶǰͷʾڣ߸ǸɷиΣûأΪ񣬵֣ݼĻӡ
һϵвöϣĻϵеġֻǰƽ֚Ŀƽ֚˳ˮۣԡ
˶ܿƽ֧֚£ִ¡λãƽȣԶҡˡ
ٱǰͶһмͬʱ˸ƣʾǰԺϡ飬ϡ

գգգաܼʮʱ䣬ƽ֚ʱص˺ȪǵʱѾʮµףҪ붬ˡԼһǧ챾֧һǧһʮĽŲҳװģѯʡҡ
߾ȴΣȻ
ҳǴ󲿷ֶ֪˼Ҳ͸µĴǻ漰ķΧ
ҡҪ˵ĸӰ죬˵󲻴˵ССɴСͿôȥˡ
սı׼˲һ˵Сͻȫ㲻ʲôš
Ȫػƽּȡ˸κҵʩʹڷ䣬ٲȻ٣ļʱ£ǻ᲻ƽּ˾ãڹ⳪
룬ġٷ̩Ȼƽ֚һϸı档
ҷʮ¶ʮյҹʱ°룬ոԵľУݲΪȺƿ͵Ŀڽ˶Ȼ˫˸壬γɶšΪ·زԶ˱˹עڼϴ˵ˣҵոӣͰҲһӵǱVסֵĸֵܣԵõ˱VµıӻͱһķսǣˣԼ֮һŵǹԼʮ֮һСɮˣʮˣʮʮһˡĿǰѾ߶ʮˣѿ֤ʵȷв˵Ź֤ʵ漰
š
ƽ֚ӣͷѯʼ䡣
ʵ˽⡣
Ϊνġҡ˽㰲ߥ޵ġ
ȻƽּҵԳִˡֻҪ֤лԹ鲻õŻǡϣŶŹϢǡϰߣһþƵӵǡðɳ˵ͷ
һ棬ĳɼҲƽ֚йĿ࿴ĸоȱ֪̽ʶûӦܹҵĿʹ²࣬סһСְΪס
ԭʯһȺҲһЩãܰȺѱļһŽҲǷıˡ
ٵλã˵ɲһϵְ
ƽ֚㰴˼˵꣬ϧ֮ǿ˼䣬ļҳǡ
ֱǸոġڹڡ϶Ǻﳤףҳͨţӹ⡣
ҲȨλ֮ġȨڹڡﰲӼԽʮˡ
ڱ֯ʹȨʱˡ
ЩңǸԶϵĴ壬ԚҪشҵĿǱء
ʵƽ֚㹻ĸһãôȥ㷢ԹɴΣա
ɣʷһֱǸȱͳһֵ۵ĶԪᣬϵιҲЭռҲʿɶֹɹ׷ӮͨԣּԸǿȻЧʣҲȨṹôάϵһ˰Σ֮ϡ
رǵǰľƣ֮֯䣬Σ뽫Χˣ֯Ȫˣˡ綼ϵԼλȹ̡
ƽ֚Ȳǻңһ⣺
ղŵı棬⶷Źвǿ׳Ȼȥɽǹ֮ǰվ۷˶Աд󲿷ҳˣسǳءΪ仹˶֮ͽѵЩûбۣ
ڼҳЩͻȻ
Ȿѻش֮Щ׳ûۣΪЩ˽ˡ˰
ƽ֚㵱趨˰ΪЩ˹࣬жļġʵϣܶĻϲˣΪ˱ԣۣԸǮ
ҲΪȪóҶȱǮ˼쳡ĦǵȵطˣԸҲǮġ
ֻⷬ˭ƽִǰ˵ôˣô˼Ϲ˵ʵأֻ˵Щûʵ׻ˡһʱʧ찡ƺʧ̬ɶġ
û뵽˵ľȻӼȻ°ݣ
³ΪӦΣϳͲ
Դ졣
ӼˣںȪһǡϺˡ͡硱Ĵڡͳʱرʵ֣ĴܶζϲùϵĹ˿⡣
ôһˣȴһʼͺʲôϳͲе˼


ʮ ״ϣ
ӼնĻ㲻Цʵ
ĿǰδӼ˵ġϳͲƺ޷
أӼ˳Żͷ˵£ҵΪˣЩܹС¼ɹڶȻҪ׷ڵͷ
˵ְһݣɫƽͷ
ڳ˸죬ӼԵﰲͶԹ޵Ŀ⣬з·лա
νڵͷһָӼԼһﰲٵġȪ顱ˡ
Ӽ˼׼ԼеԽԽ֣ͬʱһˮ
ɴӼһȻûʲôžߣȷʵǺչµĹǣ̶ֳѾ˵ԭˡ⡰Ȫ顱ڱĳֵ治һĸߡ
ﰲһ٣˽յļҵȻϷֻ֡Ӽ䷽һ˵ùûʣһʱҲ벻ô
ֻҧгݵװһεӣƽ֚˵
³жΣֻ¸һĻᣬ˭һ˿Եͷұն˵׼ߣ
ƹˤˣ԰Լŵй˵Ķȥ
̬ȻǱȽ͵ģȻĲȡ顣Цο䣬ʵ
˻ʲôһ˵ɣ
˳ŚĿƶԽʮƵطʩ֮ŻΪȲԩɱһ޹ߣҲɷŹκﷸеĽޣΨ۷ֱܷ档
ΪһˣԽڼȻûʲôȨûиӵǣ϶ӵֻ˵һϻ
߼Ƿϻȴáһ߸ҳֻҪһʾ˾Եķӣôеѹˡ
ʶȻֻ˵һϻȴյƽ֚ƵĿ⡣
ӹҲһûӪĹ۵㣺ΪȻѾ鵽һЩٸʱ䣬ණһ֮ϣ಻Ϊ١
شûгƽ֚ԤϡӹǸ̹󷽵ˣӶھ󡢽ˮ֮ѧϣıȨδͶ뾫ิӵ⣬ڰʡ
Ǻһ˾Ͳһˡ
ֵԣӹʾһǸ⣬˵
˾ǧǣһʧȻأȴв֮ͨıҰִȻûȻ򡪡δżȻб߻ıҽҲеĻǱҪҳĻʹʵĶӦ
λʾ˱ŵ˼άʽʵĺӰ졣͸¶˼ǣԴΪӣѡĳЩϡ
˺籾ǿ֮ͷۣȫΪŽһģϳüҵǮŹ⵷ңɽǵŽữ
ھô֮λ޴ǣʵڲα֤ݣܵġ
Ϊܲ˼ֻЦЦÿɷ񣬼ĿͶһˡҳͨ
ҳͨãȻšԴƽ֚󣬷֮ʧȥȨƸ׼ȻСڹڡУЩ޳Ϊ飬ڻɣֻҪڡţĸá
ڿ⻹治
ƽ֚㣬ȷʵҪϣʽѯҳͨĿ̬ȱֵúӡ
ҳͨĻ壬Ҳ˼һΪʵİ취Ϊͽ׶񣬲ʴߡҪȣֹպٷͬ¡
ĻƺǰûʲôҲǳ´ĵŴԣ˫ȴһ˿â
ղǰˣóˣııڣΨҳ˵ƽ֚뷨ıϡ
ЩҳҲֻҳͨ㣬ᵽʤΣʤڽĵط
ԚֳȤģ̽ǰ׷һ䣺˰ҳͨĹ;룬ҪʲôķȣſԶžأ
ҳͨһ˼Ի򻮷֣ڵĳԣδ׼ʮԼ5ǧף֮⡣ʮ˾ۻᣬб˶ĹҪ˵ֵأ޶ȱϯ壬໥ȡ֪鲻ͬ
Ļأƽ֚㻹δʾڴӼѱɫǰŵãá
˰Ͳס׷ҪϷԵ̬ƽ֚ʱ֣һѹƣǲˡ
ҳͨ˵ģǰɽǹػʱľٴ롣ǿѹ£ηٵıӣʤη˵汻һ֧нֹǿ
ԼҲǲ֪Щʮֿɲ˲ŸҪɷؽ
ΪҳҲԼµˣƽִ˿ҪһЩˡôȰѵӶúһ㣬̾͸ͨˡҲΪƽִĵһ
ۿ˶˿ڣԾɲǰѯĿͶԼĺﳤס
˲ûȹͨһûбҪƽ֚Ҳ뿴£ﳤ׻ʲôĴ𰸡
ûʧ
ﳤгص˵
ҳɴ˵෨ȣȷʵʮЧҷ˼֮ʵʩδӷƹ㡣ʶһ֮ƣ󶯸ɸ꣬Ϳһݡⷨӱǡ
˵˶٣ǻԲ³ڣ



ʮһ ״£
˼壬ǿЩ߱ʿݵ˽ֹɱߵͨ
ɣʷϵһε׷ݵʱڡʱĻִȨңҰɽĺɮأ·飬ҪסǽеϽɸߴ񡣺ķΧ˹ʸ
Ļִ̨Ȩҵĵ˺󣬡ȻʧЧˡֱ󣬲ʤڱ½ʰһһµķ棬ǿΰֶּΡչΪɽʱڵĻߣǷ᳼ذȨ䲼ֹ͡ǰ
Ҫʲô֪ʶóʶõս֮ΰ϶תġͬʱũսҲȵ½Щ֧ųβʵеġ
⣬Ҳеĸĸʩһһķԡ񣬺ܶѾϰ߿άȫ棬ҪµΰҲǿˡ
ƽ֚ûָһ͡
һɫڼҳ˼״
ȷʵЧֶΡֻ嵶ʿ׽ϡСػʹ롯֮ȨҲֱӲ֡
˵עһӼﰲ飬˵
ʶ׼ʵһߣڹ˺磬š״Ӵڳҵʿ֮⣬С״ߣЯߡ޴״ߣҪϽͼı졣֪λΪأ
㽲֮󣬱ʾ˱̬ϣﳤ˽˼°ݳƣ˼ԶȻʤҵȰٱ
ԽʮҲȫȻͬǰΪˣһ⣬ƽ֚꣬۽ʾپЩˡ
űŵȻ˵˾ʮָɫвЩ΢ΪȻ˼ΪʼվԵȨӲķЧ
󰮽ӹⷢˣˡ޶ۣ֪⡮״Ƿ˵Ҫ䷢Ƶ״
ҡҡͷ˵ȻãѼ¼ڲİҺ壬ȫ干һ״˿ԴΪλƾٴݻΪλȻҲÿÿԳһ״
ǡһ˹֮أ
ԡ״ÿҪ¼дĿ
ĿҪȥͳ𣿡
Լ걨ͳһˡպ鵽Ե
ϽߣǷɵõ
鲻ϵˣǮνɣ
ʿδأ
ѾȻ֤йߡǻ𣿡
˹أ
䵽ҷдܾ޹ʶ׷ɡ
Ƿɱҷйأ
˺񣬽з˺״ǷΥеԱҡල㽻ιɡ
Ľ֮ӹ΢룬Լⷽûʲô̫أΪ¶ҲͲ˵ˣͬǰһά˼䡣
ʱҳͨһȻӣóϷ˵˵ԣԶʤҵȡ
ļʶ˼ǰƽִȪȼأС˰ټϽյġ״һӡ
֮ǰ̨˰ʱ򣬺ȪֻвʮҺԸеȫۣĻٶѡ˰ۡؽԭǧһٵıԱʵƽ֚õһǧ߰ٱÿǧʯʳ롣
һȷʵеۣȴ㹻ǲԸأ뱣ԼĶԣб䣬һԸǮҲϳȪҵһЩ˵ģɲֻ棬ཻһЩ˰˵ڸ
Щڡ״ͻ鷳
Ȼƽ֚ѡ˰͡״ϵ
ӴϽ֮˰ۣΪЩ˹࣬жļ壬ɲǸ㱣ʵģ
Ȼжô״Ȼ÷ôࡣ
ֻԸеʮ˱۵С壬Ƿġ״Ͼֻдʮ֡Կ޵ʮʮ޳
籨һǾ͵űʾҼȻ㹻׳ǲԸػ̣
ƽֶ֚ΣһһؽϣӾˣԸũֿ֣϶նģڶ˺ԼġڼȲԸӾֲũֻŵͷߵģյȻǼ
ʩ˼Ⱥ̨ģԲڼ̫ķԡһЧĻ޷
Ĺ˺壬ҪôɵתΪʿҪôµʵȥСе·ߡ
磬ʵֻǸŶѡ䲻롱֮ȨĵġܷдǷδԵģش
űң״һ£Ҳ޷ֱ׳ؾܾġ
ښ£ȪεġʮһڡѾѡˣ˼緽״Ҫǡƽ֚ÿһؾ͸ЩҶʮеĲô顣
һգ²ɮ˺ǣҪȨġ
ƽ֚˼΢ԶһʱﰲӼһֹӡ
ȻеģǵԼӼȴڵıĹڡ
üչڳһЦغĴ˵ʲô뷨˵Ҫйǣ𣿡
˻һۣ󼸺ͬʱݵڵء
Ļǣ³ʣΪ²ڣβתΪƽּҵ״ҳأ
Ӽȴ˵µ²Žޣµ˹ڵͷְиΣɣ


ʮ ֮Ů
Ӽȷʵ紫һʴˡ
ǿƽ֚㣬ȫطͷΪڵϴ磬޷Ӳĳȥִ
һ˱ָΪͷֻûȡĺûᡣӼԣ⼸µĸܵԶڳɾ͸Сƽ֚µߣɴˡ
㱾ǴҪեɴһüֵġ
ӼΪѵӣͻȻһˡ
ҲǴԽ֮İ֣Ǹųܡϲ⣬²ѹƼҳϺƽ־㡣
ֳս⣬ѾˡӡҲȥΨڽգʵϸ΢غϡ
Ԛһʱһ£ͬӼȥͷְ֮Ϊһͨ²ЧպҲᡣ
漴ˡλø˭أﰲֻǸĵͣѾȫһȦӵˡ
֮ͷź͵±ʵúԶƺ𲻵Ӧеá
С鷳ÚͷۣҴδţӼ䡢һڴݴͬʱƽּطεġʮһڡͨЭ̡
鹤Ȼɡķ𡣚ʱ֯졢١߼һȨһȫȨǲʵģ̯ӺСҲȱΰ;Ѿܲס
ν֯ԭֻǚʱ⶯õһְ鱩ҵĳɹʼԷһڴһ֧սΰӣάÿʤǧԽһҪ񣬾ǳ顰״ִȪߣȲƽּұ䣬Ҳκһĺ塢硢䣬߲걨ĴУԵ
Է£ʮ¼ʿϱͷʯǣһЩӸũļ˵ԱԱɣٶӦûȽϻġ
ƽ֚Լǿμܣ׻ҪҳʱӲҪһŴ汾ġ𡱣պܾܿͳˡ
ȻҪļǲٵģʱµǺﳤס
ĿǰֻһִԱж¾бɱΣաԡϽһٶˣֻΪʮ飬ÿʮʮˣԼΪλжĹģΣգҲԷֳˡ
һ棬ֻʮѲԱɢڽʮ˵ĺȪڣȻԶԶΧֻڸʹʹׯЩܵĵ뵽ƫҰСϲش˵Զʵ塣ҲȻĳ̬ڹҵ֮ǰȨءǺģܹԽĹţѴС㼶ģǺܳɹȨˡ
ƽָ֚ϵʼ״ĹѲճ̡
ݚǹ㣬ȪڼܶԱũӦǧҡڲֹرᣬȷľǧһ١˶ѡɾ˰յľ۽һǧ߰١
Ҫϡ״ĿĳЩ൱ܵġ
ȷʵе۵ļ壬ύߡԸľ͸򵥣ݱдӦĿɡʣЩ˾Ͳòʾ֭رˡ
ռҰ̫࣬ǹ߰࣬ʮƶ̫һᡢǹġĽ׼֧ٹͽ𣬲νߵĹ˼԰
롰״Ƕǧ˰٣Ⱦһǧࡣг˸ǱĽڣ硰̫ҪഫߡΪԵĹʹáȵȡ
ЩһָʾǸϿɣûϸ顣ֽ׶ֻҪϷɷݲ׷
Աȼ֣ƲϻԼһǧΥеǰ걨ǽصĿꡣ
֮緽ĽҲͨ֯ġʮһڡֻԽ˶ߣȴǧٴɵȻػ²ҪɮػҪ
ܶҳȻŭˣڹϣԱʾء䲻롱֮Ȩδɣֻȷ֡
ǧ֣һвʵ֮Ʋ⣬װǧ֮ࡣ
ֻҪвʵ֮Դ¡ǰҪģá״Ĺġ
ͬʱЩ񣬱ʾҪŽܼжʮׯС򣬱߰˴Ψһһĳ׼ġ
Ŀȷˣš㿪ʼѲ
ӵ˶ʱ̶ЩδװӦöѾˡȻִĵѲ飬ϧЩ
ⲻΪץסˣҪΧȺڷ䡰еǴӡԾûгɹҲҪɷнµȥִС
ֻǣû뵽ôһ飬Ȼڵڶ죬ͲһɵŻ
һͥԺݷŮٶУжʮ࣬䵶ǴӶ˳εĸ߼ʿŵڡ˷Ҳûһϼѯʣǿ˴
ֻǸսӴ£Ǳߵ˶˵һȥμӡĻᡱȥˣ˽ԻػҲ֪ʱܻ
޷⣬ԷͳϵǰȥʣҲԽԽѺá
ͬʱֵݷǰŶܶס
û˼°ڿơҲƽ֚ҪΰԼϣҪһЩĵжԴڸУǱڵﷸ
ۿҪķչͻȻ߳һľӢŮӡ
໹żɫϲոµӣƲŸսйᷢ񡱣һɫȴδһŮ£ϵŷжİȺϻС̫
κ֮ǰ̸ȫȻͬǸµģʹǰѯʡ
ֻûüڣλճСȴȻǳ
ҿȪػƽּйˣʸƽּһλΪ񣿡
Ȼһ仰Ҳ˵ˡ
Ҳ
ŵɴ۾͵ƣ˺ð졣
һഺŮ˵ƽּйʲôꡱƽּˣڴҿҲȷʵǸȽϷεˡ
£Ů仰һٸʮŸᰡ
ʣǰȻˡ
֮£ʱе㼬֡
룬֮Ů϶ƭ˵ġƶȻӣֲѡһأ
ҲһԶûۡ
һǸĳϵɾͲõˡ
Ȼ˵ԥӹһû衣¼־ͼӣԼʼʾ֭˼龿ȥ֤
ȥʱ˵Ļûбİ취ȥʱˡǸף
˼ȥо֮ŮйϵĿԻǺСģǾðգץ˵
ϾǸҵҵϳС¾òҲѵһ٣ܵʲôġ


ʮ βٵ
ڳΪѵʱƽ֚ڰڰԤ̻ڡ
Ҳʲô˵Ĵ£ճԵĴСף˳ϵ滺һ¸ˡû˵䣬ȴ˴ˡ
ȥĻǳҰҴҵǣ˵Ҫ
ΪǾĻʲô⣬ϽڸǣǰСӴҽӼǳҰ
ǳҰķǣھĻϷһеϤףҵ˱֮Ҿ˺пǳҵĳβٴˣǲӦЩʲô
ƽ֚ΪȻ
βٲ뺣ײΪǳҵ֮һ𣿣ɭţΪͻȻܵȪΪβݣѵѾҰ߱׷ųţĪǳҳʲôʣôôû˵أ
˼Ƭ̣ûóȻȥҳβٻ棬˽Ĺżҳἰǳң߽Ķ䣬ȻһһϸԱȲġ
ԸȪƽ֚һֱ᪸ǵųŶϵͬʱڵͬʱҲҪһЩЭͨһЩشϢ
漰ǳҵϢ٣д󲿷żĶ൳ս¡
ųͬȻһƪϸµķ͹ϸƷζԴôʺУϢ뷨ԭԵϸ⣬Ϳʼչǰ
㻽ȡ˵ͼ鿴һ飬ӡ֤Լ뷨
֮֯ǰǼʣµԼϽء󾭹һս忤ʧ׺صɽǱ
֯ռ̺ء̫ǳռ鿤ҰޡǸռһ֡⻹ԭɹǣԽϸߵĸߵǳ̲
ӽżз֣ĿǰЩսƷķսռ̫ͬ
ҪӰ˸ǰϮʱ˵ʱҲ֮Ӽ׺ؿǧųһͼҶϽƽ֚ļƲߣڲҰܣԮҲֻ˼׺ء
һ䶯ųʶת׺ؿԭӴǱʵǲ޽ǰϽء
ɭɳפɽǣ̺ؿüʢפԭǣ̫ⶼ֮е
ųǲʤפس³ǣҰ޿ԼոͶ֯ҵ㣬洫ҰΪݵ㣬
Ѱζˡ
ΪҰޡ֯ǳͬռģųһ˾ͰЩַҳǵѵʤʵ𣿵վסŰ
ֵųʱĻġڡøĽػϸǰȥͬϱһ
һ˾ǴĻػأ˳˭Ҳ
ͬʱԭǳĸߵ壬ҲͻȻҡһ䣬ҵᣬΪĻֱҲͲҪΪǳЧˡ
Ȼ֯ų֮һ潻ȴǳԩͷ
ǳԭǧ֯壬ʮʯ֮ءųӺͽôһӣ֮³ˡ
ǰľֻԼһĶҲû̫עܱѾı䶯ôһʵкܶԤ׵ġ
ߵľԪ٣·ݳ¼ʾΪǳҵ̴󽫳ս˾·ȴĻݣڼӹٽ
вʤңѾʼҰ޿ڷ͵ˣٲȻѾԼҰ޿Ĵ١ˣȻЩçײԲɵûų⣬ǲµġ
˼ǣǰıػǳϵǰ˾ʧȥȨľң֪ųĸ﷭ˣ
ǳûܵõ͢ĻϿɣֻǾļҳھ֯ﳼˣôǳҸڣǳԶ֮֯µ㳼
˼·֮󣬴ܲµβΪҪˡͬʱҲЩ⣬ųһôֿܸӶѵأ
ԭʷУӵ´ĴͲ١
Ȼ´ôӣʼվҵҵĻԹޡٱûС˶ãʵͺ֯ļҳûɶѹǶ
ǳɲԸ񰡣
ĵģƽ֚ϾԻβ١

Ϊ˲עĿûдģֻڽڱֻżӣװӺųǣ˰Ȧӣϡ
ʱβƺҲ˸ţһߵݣ˸䡣˳·ȥŰһϳȷʵѳβ١
Ǿǰȥһ
⽻ϼʮ棬Ա˴˵òǱȽϤġ˚һγʹǳ֮⣬Ҳûʲô뽻Ļᣬ⡰ѡʵ˵ñȽǿ
վڸſڣһֽţ
ƽ֚ǰݷãβ˱
βԭСһ࣬ɣֱ˴ŻȻһЦ漴ʩ
β٣ƽּˣ
漴ЦݣϵԽˡ
Ͷβ˶أ
ҲܿػڣȴЩп˹򣬲ҹһתۼ䣬ߵ˱׷ȥˡԼ֮꣬Ҳʱþǰ
ǰƽ֚ʹǳңڳβǰųԣڽ񴨡Ͱ֮󣬳β˶ƽִΪ̾ǳΪǳڲ˵֯ɡҲһԾŶʮ͡˵˫һЩĻôϧ֮顣
Ϊ˽ӦþͲˣû뵽ƽּ˵˲Ϸ˳
βƺе⡣
ʵҲżȻ
ⲻԣȷʵǳҰ﷢ֵġ˵һȻ˾ıСطȴ൱
⺮˼䣬ƽҲԷ룬Թڶ档
ǰߵͰĵΣСװεʮֺښ㿴ȴ̫
֮󣬚װǲʲôʵ
βˣΪͻȻȤȪһأҿǳ벻İ
⻰βɫ䣬ҡҡͷȻ
ϾѸߣҵѾȮӣйˡһ˵Ȫģ𴦼飬ξʶ
˵Ȼˡȴʧ
ļҵѾˣڿɲǱ˵Ͱѵǳʲôʣ
¹Σĺƽʲôʡ
ĪǱ֯أԸ˵𣿡
бƽ֚㣬ѻ˵ֱˡ
ʵϚѾµˣһΪǳ֯ӵ̫ڲ֯ҵĿתԵı仯ǵ˵ĳβپͳʸ֮ģӡ
Ȼβһ̶Ȼʹüë϶ǳ֮ɫҲһأ·Ǳһεשͷ
þǳϼϵλӣξʮַḻԱ֪ѿߡβٶԴ˵ķӦǵͷȥݺ˵ľƣ̧ͷԚЦ
ȻˣʲôأȷΪ֯ƣܵ飬ȹƽϢ۵ġ


ʮ ƽ֚˼ϣ
βٳ̾˼Ż˿ʼһ
ʮƽҲ侲ôʸ͹ۣ·˵һȫûϵˡʼƬǳ⣬ɫͶжδаĸɫʣƺԴ²ûеʲô
ǡǡˣ˸ӸܵǸ޹ܺߣǳֵͬ顣
ķչԤȵû̫
֯Ĵ磬ȡ¶ʮʯصʱǳʮָ˵ģ֯ҵ⣬Ҳﵽ˶㡣
βٻ˵һ֮ǰҶã֯һ֮ṩİѾԶԶʤ˳ͳѶ֧Ԯ
֮⣬ǳڲҲ֮֯ǱڵìܡųǳŻĻǳͻѡվ֯һ࣬볯ֵĶԼ
ϧ
ųĻţǳҵսƷ˴룬ĵǿģ˲֯ҵĿڱͷ췭ظת
ȥǳĹУȻֵ˴Լʯĳɹȵõֱᣬһ仯˵ӡ̫ˣ˰ų
ʱֻ𣬳ѣҲ̫ףôûռǳѽܱ֯쵰еöࡣ
Ǹƫ˳֡
Ȼ۶ҪҪǳ˵뷨
˶Ϊǳڸȣȡˡس顱ƶȣܶ϶Сƽ֚ǳսݣʢѹȫҳġ
ǳ˶֯Թ鷳ˡ
βԣ˳βλ֮⣬֯ļҳ¾ղܵټǳ˸΢Ľ˽
βŽ˵س¾ǳӭ֯ȥСȳǽ׵ĸˡֻǳβ˵Ϊ˰ҳ˶⵽˵̬ȡ
ǳҵı仯ųûע⵽أע⵽ˣûأ
ʵǸԽĺЧӦԭʷϣβΪе⽻ļϣһֱƫ򳯲ֵġƽ֚㣬ߺԡ񴨡ҵˡβٴΪ̾ȻıҲ³βԹ޵ķйڣǳڵķ֯﷽ʮֲǳȴ
Ԛ޵ʷ֪ʶʱʶǰġ
ҲоԵͷǳķ֯糱ôԣųڽʱ޷
Ԛ㲻ѿڶѵûʲôת𣿡
ֻβȴӹ˻ͷػش˵ػеġڱҷ˵ĸС˵зѾӽ裬ô֯ѪóΪǳļ̳ˣƱܹ⡣ʱؾͿԸ顣
ǳβأ׷ʡ
ѹ֪֮꣬뿼̫ˡβҡҡͷԳ
ĬΪ֪֯еµãδֹǳҵ򳯲֡С梴ӻձȅɽСȳ䣬սǳȻ֣֮֯ҲĪΣ
һ棬˵ųά˲ʵʵģǳĿԡ
ǰƽ֚㿼ǹαΣ֣ǴȰųעǳ֪֡˫ìܵʵԭǲǿиõİ취أ
ΪԵ׽ģβźͱÿԼлիٵˡԶҲڵԵϽų滮еͳκģҲǳ۹ʵ˫ڱصãʹһ˸ı뷨жԾǲɱġ
ų̫ܡ˴β;Ŧ̫Ҫ
ǳͬںĲλãˮũء
սҪǲƶģȴֻд˴Сǳڱ𴦵õأҲûҪϽˡ
һˣڼ˳ʱдһ⼱ﳤдһϡص˷䣬ɫԳβ˵
βˣܹǳ˵顣ȷʵԽܣ㽫ǳļ̳֯ѪҲδֹҳĲ
⿪ϲ̬ȣóβеֲȻһϲȦӣҲûôֱ˵
Ƭ֮󣬳βܿ˚Ŀ⣬ҡҡͷ̾ϷѾЩͽȥͷ۰ɡ
һǿǷ棬˵ˣսȻһһˣѾӣҲδ⡣
βĬ
˵ǡһһˡնǳ֯ˣΪʵĲ̫ˡβȻǳĹϵƲġοĴӳβ嶬СȳǼμ֮λأ
֮󣬳βɬȻܸлƽּ˵Ĺģ֯ﵯľҲ޷ֹ
ֱ˿̣͸¶һ˿˲Թ֮⡣
Ϊһܺߣ̵ڣΪˡųһֹôܵû뷨أ
ԣûн黳һ˿Թ֮⣬Ϸ׽͸Цݡ
˵˺֯ﵯ˳Щ¸֮ˣӦҰҰأ㣩ԮĥַԶھͳ󾩣ӣս˳
һ˵ͷβξḻĳβϾˡ
ƽ֚˼ǣǳҿȻ˳վȽŸʩչ
ȥ̫ף벥ĥ֮䣬ɽǡǰڱϻǸ⡣
һ棬ɽĲĥǰСǾ÷ĵ򣬵ǰҲûرǿ㣬򿪾棬ԶʤϽĿİ
ҪģֱҪ黹أȻпܵõѺ֯ųͬ
˵ԣƺܣҲţ·𣬺񡭡Ҳôһ
Ȼʵѣܱǿ
ο˽룬ɴ£βΪıǳҵĵλȨԻظȻȷʵѾʮͷˣܹӸλʵȨˣмĸԸģ
Դƽ֚ܽ񴨣˵֮󣬳βѣԵҲѽ˵飬Ҫ濼ǡ


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Լʱ֮󣬾㷹ƽ֚òԵؽԷͣβΣ˹ûΪɾܾ㵽ʱ޵ǼС
һδĶŮҲҳǿʮϣܼµġƽּأ
⻰㲻ݸǵҪԷȥƶڼǿҪûоܾ
Ȼͬ⣬óβָ·ԼﰵһȺǸں档
ǵĳٲת䣬㵽Ŀĵء
һڽΧӣͥԺȥľ۸Ӧòơβǳҵ˼ʮϣеġ
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ôȥӸڶ䣿
βȿϽǰȻ֮ͻȻֹסֻǿЦſͶεĿ⡣
ƽ֚ɻҲȥ
һֻӺͥԺǰ󶼱ȫװʿΧ׳Ĵţÿ߳һţһ졣˸ţЩѾΧˣеɱ֮Ļ
ſڻиŮסӣáԱһ˱ߣƺָʿж
ָӹٵˣûףֻźɫƽּҵļơ
ıӰʮϤ
ʱޱȣһŭ
Ƿʲôëѳβٴ˵ļҾ쵱ץ
һɤӰʿǵע˹
һס˵ǰŮȴе״ˣڻˣ˿治Ҷ˵ƽִ˵ľѣǲģ
˲Ҷ֪ŮԭǳβٵŮ
ϵĵ¡
ŷӦæǰл
ﳼ飬֪
һŭ״Ի㲻˵ˣ
üأʹı飬Գβٽ͵ҹ̲ܽϣյȪ϶֪µġ״ָʾϲֳݲˣȴͻСҲľɵҲβҶŮķǣôǿأ˵γûļҳܱǸأ
߶߶һʵȴȫΪѡһ仰ڰʾβҪƽϡ
βֻܼεؿЦ
Ҫ˵Ȼһġǲ̫ұ
ǳҼϵݣһѹӣֿȵĺȪػƽּˣԶԶġοֻѾǰμϣظȨƵָҪښأ
ֵʮִȣԹŭֵ̿ӣ˵ңңȫϷĿ֪Ż©ҹˣ
ģǳݼУʹַŭӣ˵ϳͲʾ֯ǳ˹ϵƻ
βǺεˣȻһۿơ°˼ҵҲòȥһηʩȻλʳ֮»Ҿ֮£Ȼܷڡ
ǡԳԥ֮ɫ˵ѵô׷
׷Ӧüνβն
˼һòƲԸص˵ͷתȥԷǳβǷƽϣҾһڣӽļ֣ȱȫϡ֮ǰһݣ
˵ڳˣʿڶˡ
÷ϽˣҪȨƣڲݣ΢Сĳͷʵڲҳݡ
ƽ֚Ĺ̬ʮġ˴¹Ϊᣬܼ֡
ڳβǵССĲҲʲô˵£ָú㣬ȥƽ
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Ś׼ȥοһ¸ղŵܺˣҲǳβٵŮ
Ǹķ߳ȴֶԷԭأɫʮּһַǳرĿⶢԼ
Ŀ⡭е˶Ը߹ٵİķУͽ˸ɮľ;壬һĶ
ֱβǰΣŮӲŻعʱߺ죬Դǰ׵½Ǹ˴š
Щɻ󣬵Ҳûж룬㾶ֱ˽ȥ
ġڡȻѾȥˣͥԺ徲
ƽ֚ͳβٴöΪΣģسװΡ
֮󣬻Ҫġ
˷ǸŮβ˼ˣԼһָͯŸǵ
⼸λǱ˵ļҾ졣
ͷʩ֪ԷѹδңڳӦöС檣ûҪϸʡ
ųβؽСӡ
ҵѾ嶬̳У档ȮӻǧѾ꣬¶УСŮգʮȴһֱҪᷢ񣩣Ҳˡ
˻Сʾ⡣
ݼƽ~~~~~ǽСǧкģشʩ񣬵ȴеúܿţһǸƤӡ
Ա߽СաŮʮŮҲŮͷֻϺ쳱һƬͷ͵ذȥˣϸ򸣬ȫ˵ʲô
Ϊŵġ¹ʡƽ֚ӡǱȽ̵ģҲû̫ϡ
˼żҹµĴ£ῼһ֪Ů쳣ٶأ


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ǵĶţԼ룬Ϫֽ֮ľСˮζ
ǰһγǵķ档Դƽ֚㵽֮󣬾ô˵Ȥ˽һͤӭŻ
غļ²Сټ֮붬½䣬Ҳûηı硣ûʲôޣֻżˮ﷭СһǴ·˵Ӱڰ֡ⰲʵСϣˮʱʱ޵ĶּɼҶڿ裬ߵĿʯ̲Ϊһ塣һɫеӦͨĵġš֮⡣
βٲʲôͨʫֵĻˣþӸλҲôһװƷλǱͤ޵üã컯
ƽ֚ȴЦ
ʵѪŵǡͤŵ⾳ֻͤӽãŷ֣ɣͤͣƷʱʽķԶƷͤӣҪؾö࣬˿ŵĻȺͷĵߣȥȫĶ
˵ϱֻѧһרע赶Ūǹıԣƽ֚Ҳôοûȥܽˡ
Ϊͱġ
˫ѾҪˡ
βٲһͷԷȵˡƽ֚㻨˼չ򣬶෽֮󣬲ţǸ顣
ԼػȨģǳҰһʯļƲߡɾһҪͲö֪ˡԼҲ˵塣
ƽ֚ԣΪһϷƷ󡱺͡梴ѪսˣʵڲԸڻʵϰһ顣
ϾѪǻʹģԴǻġ
һϸĺӦöԱҪðպη壬֮£ҲӦþΣպʧ뻢Ѩɵûӡ롰ǧ֮áìܣûСûӡԤ棬׼Ŀ뻢ѨͲ¸Ҷ޴ˡ
εͰթȫͬġ
һ棬㽨ǳķɹܵУֻǽʱƱǨҪеҲǳβٶѣƽ֚㲢׵ߣ԰Ļ
ȵβٵ˵ǳս֮ƽ֚нߵݣƶ֯ųͶ޳Ʊ
֮⣬һ֚ƺòʲôʵ棬ܻȡ࿴Դ
ϵĻǳҵսӦܻܳӡھȱڲĥվȽŸϣƱػڴ۸ӵĹϵȥ
ʵڲеĻҲ취ǰһ׶ΰæһ׶Ϻȡ
˫˼̸˺óʱ䡣
ճβ¶˾ģȻƽ֚ݵϷƴʮµ棬Ҫ˵ǳ¡飬ֻܰƽּˡ
ƽ֚ȻɫԻԼȳұػ߾ȫ
β΢΢ףЦһ£ϵǳʱڣյĵݵòֳ֡

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ƽ֚ͤһ뿪ķ̾һ
鵱Ȼô򵥵ľǰ՚Ѿ˱ȥǳǳǸɸһƣ鱨ҲͻˣҪú÷һǡ
ԴӵȪ죬ûôϢһػ񣬹ȻǱһʯسöࡣ
Ҫô±عҪȻ飬ֻմ־ˣϸúȥˣ
ôƬ̣Ұʧȥ˳βٵ˵ټƽ֚ûлسǵ˼Ҳֻԭؾȴ
ֱͻȻľײڵص߾ǽ
һȡ
ηڴˣɸһ
źǳֻʿֱسС̫ʹ˸ɫͷԱӲͬȥ˵ͤӶϡͬʱԸښߣҲʮ˰˸ķ룬ǽм䡣
ֻǡ
ûƬ̣˶֣Ǵ洫ͤ
ȷ˵ͤ棬ƽ֚ߣֱߵһ
ӣԭǳβ͹ٱû򿪲鿴
һӣȴԼ˸ӡľײڴˡ
ţû˺ǲֹ֮Ļ
վһˡ
һŮˡ
һĽΣɰŮˡ
ŮҲʮɬ΢еİɫɢҵķϲոµӡ
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һʱ˼ʿֱٵ˰ƽ֚ڶûзӦ
ǸŮϥݵʺ
ƽּˣѽ
ɤò
ͼˡ
Դӡ̫Լ̫ãΪǰŸռ
ⲻǳβٵŮôûϵһȥܵʲôңˣСɶţһֻ֣ǰ÷ѽ̫ǵˡ
βС㡭͵ĺ𣿻ϡ
ǹڵصŮ϶ʱ糺죬ֲס·°ڣ⣬
ʮǰйԵ֣ʱʦˣǹʼϴ˷㽫и
˵΢΢̧ͷһۣ˲Դȥ˷ڵϡ
ᣬȴҲһֲ©ش˶
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һʼԼ괩Խ֮²̫⣬Щη֮⡣ôҲûĸʲôǷֻǻÿ˶˵һ顣
ʱСѾͷ˯ƺ̫˵ôҲӣֻǸŮӤˡ
ôսʱ˷簡ȻβٶǺأ
Ȼú࣬ҪŮҪҲٵȽü۸񰡡Ϊȥӣ֪Ρķʽ¶ŮԱʾԼᶨ̬ȣ⵹˵ùȥ
˳㻹ǰʣ֤պα仯βٶά֯ơ
Ȼ˵ĻӦòֻһŮǻиСе
ôţͨһһ΢СһƷҲɢˣγǸͷԵСк
ξȫûгˮܽʻʢĸоˡ
Скһ¶ͷûʩ񣬱㼱ææԷŮ˵ս㣬״˽˵ĺ仰ѽ
ƽ֚𣬳βΨһŮǽûСӣǻǧǻ֮ǻʲôʲôġˣϸڿ϶б˼ǵõġ
ȷʵҶиƽִˡŮɤЩƽڵصƲ䣬˫ȴһ
һóβַиŮҲ֮Уûж룬Ծֱ
үС㣬ʹһ¡
ʿĬƬ̣Ͷһ岻Ȼһһ۵ع
һһһ۵ģϡ档֪ΪΣԼܾãһһۡǰô㲻״ϸ΢
ʲôأ
ϸһ£ƺеĪĲģ
ȫ벻Ϊʲôѽ
Ů˵ô⡣
żʿ飬㲻ȴûע⵽һ˫еߴӵĶ


ʮ ˫ر
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˵֯Ϊϵھûʲôġǰõλ±صĹְһǧ𣬻ǧǮŴӳ͢򵽵ġΪ˷㹥ƽңأһʽľ˾ƽ㣬ԚǼ̡
ų֮ȻһֱԳơܽ顱ʵǲٷϵģҲ丸ͬ·ӣϾʻβءֱӵ壬ڷΪҡ
˹ȻǴλ£ȴڡ̨ôһ̫ӰļѰ˾ҪһЩġȻ̨Ļɥʧˡ˵ѹûôЧԾ߱һ塣
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ȴȻҪϡ
֯ѾɽǹľӣϽȨ黹ĻֻUֱ볯͢ϵڸ򽫣ӵָҪһͬǰ׳е㣬Ȫƽ֚㣬һ棬̺ؿɭɳɣ̫üʢҰ޿ʤҵȡųβҳ¡Ҳñʱ뿪Ҳ޷
ʱпǰʢ˱ֱ֮ףҫ֯ҵǿʢ
ԴˣѻǳԿĿǣ͢ĻˣҪһԱʾʵСԪʽͬʱʾĵطϾ񣬰˴ڮɽྮһɫȣ֡ǳ´Ҳڡ
ֻƺųͥ񣬵ڣĻֻԶ߶أԻش
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붫Ĺĵƽԭͬú¾Ⱥɽ룬Ψźһʽĵ·ԭʼɽأɴţͨС
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ǰߵ¹ѩδھ·ȫǰããһƬÿٲſüһĽӡȻ֪١
ġ֮У֯ǴӴ˴ͨеġ
ʵ֮󣬚Խᶨ¼Ҫ⡣ȱ·е·ִתԾӻһѡ
֪ԭʷϣ̫֯ǿǳ׷̫Ȼôѳûɹѩʽı
ϷʹӾԴûϸ˵ֻһЩľ㼪μӵ¼Ҳ̲꣬ɵĶ࣬С˵Եɫʺء
ƽ֚㲻̫Լȥ̽ࡣһ߱ˣλ֯ûô߳ûôϲ񣬸ô죿
ɵöԳβٶ˼ڴǳǨĥʲô䶯ҲڱҸ֮䣬޷Ӧʱ䡣
һ棬ܲܰϣȫڱϣԼҲӦ׼һԤ
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ԹԸпһ䣬ɽѩϣüؽԳһ˿֮⡣뵽˽մӱ½صż
ȥѼǳ鱨ѾȡһЩɹˣ̽βѾʧȥȨܾˣ֮ʵֻӰ챻СΧڣδɢȥųķӦҲֻΪܵļ£ûϡ
һ棬֯µӤǳҴһ֯Ѫͳļ̳ˣüз֯մ²ʿֹ۵Ϊ⺢ӵϣųЩطϵò
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úﳤ뱾أߴӹҳͨһѣûеõ£¶Ț뷨ϵҳɵǿ˵ͷϤƽ֚㣬֪óȻǷףҲŰ
ֱǸˣΪɽİȫ龫ǣϾˡ
ԶվųβҵһԽܡƽ֚Ҿ첻ڰǣ㰲ӣ͸ɴһˡ˺ҲܷһЩô
ߵһڼҳûע⵽ľٶע⵽ˣûҳĳһֱ͵͵Ůˣ
ˣΪ·ϵ䷳յĻúˮˡ
Ů۵УʱȻ
԰ô򵥵⣬ôû뵽úˮҪ˱ȻҲǿеġ
ǚͷŮһۣ΢Цų˵ͷ
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ˣʲôţǵһֻ֣÷񶼲̫ԡ
ϸ룬ֻĳ˵ƷܶõġԨġաţ


ʮ Ԫ
ƽ֚㾭һ֮󣬶ӹ´ˡӴúˮžʹµͷϣƺƵؿ
˺ͬʣΪʲôǴӱ߽ġԴ˚ֻشһ䡰·ϵĿûͣΪҲͲ
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⡰ҵĻ⣬ȴһ͡
˵ƽ֚Ƹʤ˾ųɾŵġĹλ׼ǼŽ˺ϵȳġѾ֧֯λȨԵɽԼ̣Ȼ֮н飬˼ѾǸ߸ϵ̫ˣδյųίУǲ˽԰ݷõġ
ģֻĻҳֻвĹ䡣Ƶϡ͡ˣΨĻִ£ˡ
˫ڰйκ˱ͲôίԽԼˡ
ĵһ仰ǣ˵óãи֮룬ֻܺˣ
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ĻԤϵزǽָѵӪ⣿
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˵ŻȻ
νԪšǻʵŵ˼һ˵ֻ»ʵǻʱ쳯ΪԪɣ֮ʼԪżڻλû䶯£ΪԭͽԪ
θԪΪѾĻһҪͻһ󣬷ǿ͢ġ
ʺ͹ʧȥȨ֮ûʲôڲٵģ¶ǿʵ׳Դ˵ĻظȻǣԪԣǮ
ƽ֚ȻûҲ뵽ʱΡ󣬰ٷϴˣŸջָһĻһǺܾȵˣδóó͢Ŀ
⣬ɲԸʷáǮС£Խ֯ųֱӸĻֹϵǴˡ
˽½Ӵûģų֪ҲֻĻǮǾе㲻ųˣԲ
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⻰˵ʵ⡣ųǼһǮúܣȡ棬Ǻ۵ġ
⻰ϸӾˣҲøˣڨЦŵǹ˵ָʾǣĻһҪ뵽ѡ
룿־ڸ˵˵Ҳϡ棬ĵǴҶġֻǡ
Ȼǡ롯ְʲôæأ̯״
ȿȡҲＫط˵Ͼ仰ϵľ齥ɢˣģɤӣ˶ɫνǳ裬Ȼд˵ָʾĻڶʿҹ˼ڤ룬ڵóһ취취Ҫ԰
㵹ʼɻˣʣʲô
ġᡪһһٵ
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Ҿ֮Ϊڳʽʵ̫ѣֻܵ䵱һЩƷȹǰѹءƷûʲôȥۣҾ뵽ںȪľĻᡭ
ˣƽ֚ˡ
˵׾ûǮףֻܴ⡣ۣȻҲ٣϶ǻвֵǮĻ֮ġȻݳƷȱѸٱֵֶΣ뵽Ψһƽ֚ںȪŪǸջᡱ
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ԴֻĬĬͷ
Ϊ˻Ǯףȥɱҵ⾿׬ӣǵӣ
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ôܼƾһǧʮᡣ⵹ס
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㰵һ£˵ͷ˹˵Ļѣܼ֮ӦЭġֻҪĻЩƷ͵һȴ
˳һи˫ʱ΢΢񣬻ͬʱ˵Ǹм֮ǰᵽġھ֮£Ҳһ߾ȫã⡣Ҫȴʵ̫١
ҵƵ΢Цһ£ĵĻʵ»һ飬Ҫİ
ֻҪģֱԣ
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ʮ ķݱ
ƽ֚ںȪľĻᣬ̶ÿ³աʮաʮСԱ֮Ϊջᡱ
ʱ䣬Ϊ˸֮ǰǮĻ޳һݳֻʮ䱾żʮʮߣ߼ԸѺˣ׼վҪ͵Ȫȥ
Ϊ˽ʡͲ֤ʱ䣬ױдƼţܾĻǳҰ¡
ƽ֚ų¡ϽʣľۉUֱΪ꿪ʢ̵档ųǴھٰģ˱ֱݣغҪ׼
Ȼӣۣ޷ŉUֱǩֵļ޳ݣϡķвҸ֯ҴСЬһӦöųֻĻǮǡ
һʵȥʱ֮ƽμӡᡱʿǿʼ𽥵ƽ֚һһ˸λͬţҲǿ˽⵽սµĽչ
ȱһΪȵ֯ųԸƹԣʱĻƵĶ򱻼𣬻ͳΣΪ֯ҳвĳҰϡ޷סѹӣΨƱҼֿڴսܣֳڼ飬Ҳˡ
ųĴӺ͵ܵŰֱȥ񻧡ҰУǿԷΪӣ̳ˡһһû˺ķʽ¡
̴߽˳߹󣬹λ뵱񹫷ʣȡž߲ס֯Ϯ֮ǰ˼̳аҵ֮⣬̲־ĦһŨӶƹ˾ҵͼй԰ŨʱǱȳҰԼĵܵΪãԴ˷ʽռ졣
Ͻᵽ͵ĸܣֵӣҶøųĶӣδԪ֯衣ʮӶʮڲ赲ʷǰ˷ܶ뱲ӵĽԳӰ
ȤǱųɹǰڵĳȴͼɣһһһͣԿŵضɲ֪һս֯ɳˣǺųƣβţŨϽƣĹ嵽룡ڴڳΧ˼Ȧˣҵ󱲵ŵƨ
ԴֻЦ
ȴͼɣʵǺرˡ׸ųױʸϡͬһ棬ǰӳ̸ƽ֚㡢Uֱͷˣд¡ձΪǧ̴󽫣ʢ¡ɭҲίΪһķСռûĺ¡Ҳո¶ͷǵơ
ĿǰΪֹųĵһױ棬Ծԭ̤ˣһֻ־ùˡЩ˵Ĺͬ»ꡰβŴɵϡʱһȫ˼ҹο
糤ȴһȻ˽³ƺƽ֚Ϊ󡱣·ȻƽȵĲ潻һ
˰Ϊ˴ķ治֪ΪӻԲС
ֻ˵ǨױӣȻȥȷԭġ
һĿڷһʵģ˳Ͱ֪ĸϢȫ¶һ顣ΪױܽӴľ鱨ǲ١
ƽȪڵǱҲ˳ԭǼƻټһ˰ռȪûϣ͸ŵȥ˵ëϻɽҡɽӷɲ򣬰¾ͱϳˣҰɽѾִֵˡǵȴëҼ˱ˡ
ҲǲףոǰȰɽеһëԪֱͣӰһˣʵûô򣬿ӦӮ
ü䡢Ͻ浶ǹ˼ܼпǧɣ˵ˣǲвòȫϱ֧֣ǧʧҪǷˡ
ûôĹ˵ǳ֮ȥĥȱ˲ٽݱͲ֪ôصĲ֮ˡҿȺǽͷݻǲףµȻҪ֯ҵԼˡ
Ҳǲ࣬üһԮ֧ûܳʰһССͲҿüѹǹˮģҲûʲôԣҪñҵıȥһ̣
´˵ѽ񴨸ϷֵòˣӦú˳ģÿκսæˣҪ˵´ӣҿˣͦģܱȵһı˰ɣ
ˣм±˵һ£̫˼ˣиռСĲҰ𣬲֪Ϣ̫̫ȻûʾαҪɽһַģôţǲ֪ͳһСк˵ǱϴŹ£Բ޹йϻǣ
һֱȻ΢Цŵڵƽ֚㣬ֱϢŲԾסһ¶ȣʵ
ǰŹ£·ͬСɣѪ϶ģʲô
ȴҡҡͷô϶Ҳֻ֪ǸСˡ˵ҰǱһе·ӣǸСҡģܸ𣿡
˵ͷЩӡ
ԵŹ£ǰȫûӡ󰡡
öԺųǰֶһſɴơ


ڰʮ ӹϵı仯ϣ
ͬĻȦĹһ꣬ǷɣҪĽաʱ䣬ҼһͣһеĹžƯ·Щ桢֮ĴͳʳٰӴɨøɸɾɡ
Ԫ裨ĳ裩ʽıرϰ׿׷ݵŷءʱʱ죬Լҳݣµһȫдģ룬ػӡΪ˱ʾ⣬ϦҪȹġ
֯ȸߣ۸걸ķ̴Ժ󣬷ɣ̽ܵӰ죬γɡش˼룬ʼ켣սʱѾϵܣ˴ѷ֡
ףĸϰҲһ˾зɣɫķ̵·С
ƽ֚磬Ժйҩʦķãмݹʸᦵ񹬣߶вͽۼڽСԪ衱Ĳξʽ
һȥƺ൱ϸ鿴ɷµİᦹǰдĲǡᦴ񡱵˸ְСᦴһ㿴Ƿ̸ʤһ
ƽ֚Զ˹ھ߳һʿ֮⣬޼Ҿ飬ʵûʲôйġ˭ųǼһָҪڴ˴أֻǰܹˡ
ҩʦģƺٵԸΪǴ˹֮Ԛѡ˺ߡǰ˴˹ϵ񹬸ռһƫƧĿͷЪŴ
ҲˮǴߣֻʮ˾סСլۡÿҪƽǮֻңмǸŸųռˣұߵĽڵĸɲǻϢ䣬ֻܶϺˡ
СԷŴ˷һƷƵľˮСʳһű÷ۡʱ䣬Ϧ֮ҹôжȹ
÷ۡⱾдĻḶ́ƪСʷƼм¶Ķνʿ񡱵Ƴ磬΢еΥ͡ƽ֚㷭ĻһҳͻȻӿǾֱ鱾Ȼ˯ȥ
һ˯ʱ
ʱǱڵĶŵһ۾㱻չ̵һʹ֪ѵʱתͷһھһˡ
ǲ֮ϵʿ嵶Իɾȴòô롣еģ׳ٹ̶ϡйɲŭ̬Ȼ֯ų
㷴Ӧæʩ
޷֪Ȳͨųһӱʾ⣬ƺܺáתת㿴µ鱾
÷ۡƣȻⲻȡ
ųһ仰͸롶̫ƽǡľˡȡļǺš
Ҳϵһζνͳʿ֮ȴδطϽյƷչ
šų΢΢˵ͷ۾ÚΪҪ˵⡣漴뵽һط˵
ƽȪӦȻʧ̫֮
˴ԣᵽԷԼһֱæδַܳãеǽ͵½֮УѾɨɾõԶĹȱҲǱ޳Ī
ѣųҲûգЦԻƽּﲻ𣿡
Ȳӡ
Ȳᡣ֮䣬ųֻ˸⣬˵ĻԪѣæģ
ǡ°ǱһƷԥӦʩԮ֣ȻĻ֯Ϊ֧ߣҲᱻЦ͢Ǳ߻ҲĿ
ȴ֮Χų΢΢üͷ
Ϊ»ֺİ취
뽲ųȻһ̾䣬ȴѵõһ롱֡
ǡ㻨Ƭʱ֯ԣ͵ҪĻʾãͰĶ͵͵͸ĻĻ棬Ͱѹ˱ͼӴ׵شȥ
ųشԾûб̬ٴչʾԾԵ˼άʣ
ǳô£
ųôһԼ࣬ȴ⣬ش𵽣
ȥʮѮںȪżǳҵ˼ϳβ٣̸һʱЩ뷨ʶ
ǰ׸ԣ˵ɡ
ôɣȻΪȷǳ֯ġӹϵ
ĸصͬʱ⿴֯ųһ
Ƭ֮ųҲĸ֣
ͷϸ
⼸֣Ǻ֯ġųˣ츳ϻ۹ˣȱġҳĽԣ˹ţףʮ֮ʷϻһƽ֚ҪϸʮǰϼءС⡰˹ߡʱ
ųʱڣԼҳ˵ˡ롱ˡͷۣ̫ϡˡ


ڰʮһ ӹϵı仯£
΢һ¹ȥѹס˹ؽ˵
˫ʩԮ֣ŽΪѡվѱ䣬ԱѾƽȣ֯Եǳ֮ϡ
ųϲ˴򽻵仰˶Էеʵ뷨Ŀȥųɫ䣬۾ƺǱȽ⡣
Ȼ²֣ǿӲķΪҪǱĬʩ𽥽ѵĹϵתΪӡ񡭡
һεһ仰û˵֮꣬˵ųµľٶѹǳ̫·
οǳǰ¹ˣǾڽδϧս
Śֳһµɡ
λ꣬ųһû˵³֣תԽǰԱ½Ǹã
һ㲻ɵһ
ԭų÷򣬾Ȼš
ȫ뷨ǳ˵Ҳᷴˡ
ַųи⣬ѯʵıԶֻܼǳֺǳã֪Ҫʱ򳯲֣ǷҪǳһ
ų֮α֪ͨǳ
֮ͷð亹
ҪǲֹĻƽ顢梴ͻձȅɽ¼ϾҪˡ
ϽԵûԼǳһᵣġٵ뽡֮¡ҲսȴԽǰһʹͣƺҲв֮ǳǰظǿδؿϽ֮ʳ
ų⻰ͶõĿ⣬һۣÿɷ˚ⷬҲʶڣֻǲ̫Ըϡ
Ϊ֯ų¹ڹԵñȽϼ꣬ϸڴλߵĸܣԼǲ֪һ㣬ʹȻĲˡ
ƽ֪֚ų˲иݵֻ⣬ˣҲϲ̸ֽʵʩˡ
ԭʷУʵɵĵ񴨡ľµۣаƶľʦͲˡ
˚ûͣ̽׶ΣϽԼĴ淽
ǳһΪǳߣ޹ְĴգ˴βԡĥػְλաĻдʵ֯ҳ˾ףǳϷĻʵǳ֮ڲĥܷˮ𣬵ǳ֮ԣ԰˴塣ʱȻҪ󱾼Ҹ֧֣ÿ˳ز֣𲽽ɵ֯ƵС
˵㴭˿
ߣǳصܾĻǱߣΪǷֲǳԿҵĺûᣬҲȻͬ⡣ֻҪӦʣ³ɹļǺܴġһӭж⣬Ҳصǳġ
һųʼü˼ˡ
ͷԣ׾˚˵ļƻҲʮֲųҲһֱãǳ÷̫ôġ̫Σʧȥƣѹù׼𷴿Ŀַϧᡣ
ԭеļƻǳûӦϮ֣ɼȶʵԴ˱ǳ
ųǸäĿŵˣһֱã÷һǻվ֯һߡ
ҲòϣôЩյġƽ֚ķȷʵУҲΪףЧ಻ųǲΪĵӶӲɵġ
ֻǣΨһǡ
֯¹ˣҪȥеʵʲƽ֚Ϊߣƺòʲô氡
ųʣֱ˵طʣ
˼пɣȻڣ
ȻǽˣǳҺ޺󻼵롭
ͣҲ˵֮֯Լڣ
һ˫ӥ˫ۣƽ֚û˵ʲôһľҲ˽ĻųЩҲš֯µķһǽͼҳ˫Ӯġ
ԭֻǱνΣ֣˵Ȼ˵ڡһҲ˲ٴӡǳİ취ʵľǡ
Ǻˡųʩһ˵ĥԶ½·Ļʮ־޴ǴܳУԸм۵߳ɣΪǳṩ·á
߳ɣųЦһ£ⲻߡ
Ȼ˼ҡҲɫĳˡ
˵ǳȥĥػòԱֵսƷսȵȣĻᣬͿ˳ƽӴٱԵļ۸ЩٵȪġջᡱȥ׬ȡۡᣬܰѲĥȪҵȦ
̰֮״Ǻ޶¡
ųЦһνе󡱵֡
ΪҳȻ顣
ҲŵЦһ䣬·صʱβŵΡ
û೤ʱ䣬ųȻ˵Ȫĥںǵ·ˮĵ̣ͨУ
֪ʵģ֯ҵ鱨Ϣڴ̽
Ҳֻɷнµ𣺡µĵԣ·ˮ찲լſڱ̬ȣȻϱüңȴҲϮҵ̴ˡ
վǳ֮ơųҡҡͷʾ顣ɫһʵӦڣþŹæɷµ·
ƽ֚ЩӦ
ųһֱӸģʲôʱѯʵϰߣȻѯʵҲŲƴǵζǰԵÿ˺ܶడ
Ȼƴǲӣųܾͻòġ
ԣ㾡ûʲôҲֻӲͷƤʾȻǽ߾ȫѡ
֪ųǲϲ׻ģΪԷؿһ£ҲͲԾ˹ûʵԴǡ
¶˵꣬ųҲ䣬ҪȥȻ״
̤һųƺ뵽ʲôͻȻת۷˵ȻվȽŸ;콫ļҾӵȪǧ裡
ǣ
Ҫ֪νԥشӦֻȴʮֲˣ֯ųʲôʱʼּëƤأ
ҲͰˣǧߣе⡣
˵ǶԹ¾ƽ֚㲻̫ĵĻǲӦÿΪô֮


ڰʮ κͳνϣ
ƹϣҽ볡Ѿϯͼˣϯڱ𴦣дġءָŨϡ
ʧͷʾһ̡˰ܷ֪Ǽأʵðˡ
ҵļҶеҪǰȥټһ£кβ֮ҪĻҲ׼ҽʦ
ҳǵʳ߿ǵģǸӪʡԶԡÿŷţһݲȡллͺá
ʲôʲô̫ûԱ⡭ԵȣȥǼһ£ٵЩʳ
˰˨ģ赣ģǶԼ˼ǺšǺɶˣðɣɸҡ
̲̫԰ɡʸҰҵǰոռǳιιȵȱܣһ治ۣԺȣ
ƽ֚㵽山Ļ᳡صʱһɹ˻ģͷö
ĻĸԪʽ֯ҵʢᣬʱϾǰţԚǸոմϹġ
Ǳߵأǰĳʵǲ֪ôۣҲ޹ֺ˻˵֯µġ
ƺҲȫأϾĻĸԪʽֻʮĻͶʮ׽Ϊͣ֯Ĵȴٶ壬̴ӣҪд˵һ
ƽָ֚µĺȪʮϯ
Ǵ微ʤƷУǰβҲ֯ǧ˵Ļǳ֣㲻״Ҳ֮еġ
Ȼ״ЩССɫġƽ֚ΪһػǰţϯλǷзȷϹֲ
ոλͣų˺ͳ͢Ļʹ֮⣬λߵ֯ҵġѡкڮɽѸߣһɫ߼Ʊ߷㣬ӵ´ҿȵȡǵĹͬǣǶг͢ʽĹְǹܳϵĴʵЩ˰ΪܣλȨǵλ͵ĵ´ҿʵġ
Խǰĳ徰Ҳӵ룬ȻǲӦġΪңǻżЩˣ֮޻ɡ
֮Щеб޹޾ĸӱ̺ˮҰԪ㣬ĳʤˡΩĳྮֱͿĲҰ֮Щ˶ĻչµġȻԶˮҰ֯ԽǿҰྮ򴿴ϳƳκο顣
ֵ֯״ҳǲʤңұȴǹ㣬ųҪô˻ṫǵݹˡҲǚʱһͬۡ
ʣµ˱㲻Ⱥˣֻյ򣬰ͬһĺǻһ
ۺǰԵĹɷֲǰŵǺġ˻ǷֲԵĵطǾǡǳڵһŵѴ֮УǱ鵽ڶŵĸ档
󣬲ܲע⡣
ȷʵǳҳߣʱҲ̣ûǮ򾩶׽ûܳ͢ϵĹλҲòػְۣǰԳƵģϽһĺû𡣵ǳӵ˳ʮʯ̣ܱߴ֯´Զ߳ڳˡ
ţǳķӦǣ˳Ʋܾ׵ĵܵԪΪϯԴ˼ȱʾ˶֯˳ӣֲڶ档
ݲųûͬǷ׷ױʾܹ⣬ﻹΪ俪ѵ˶ԴǳȷʵԿ̣ǲǰ֤ǳġ
ȴãǳ̬˵ԼǸ飬Ӧöٻ˵õġֻǲ֪ʲôʱܵõʽظ
δûϼ仰ǰų˶͵Ȳʾ⿪ʼˡ
ǽӵɫָʾλȨȰеּһͨٷϻŽ⣺֯ųΪλ£е
λûгҵϡλ¡ȴöеƷζ
εҪλλ£һԴλµΡλ¶ԷǹѾǼĸ߶ȣܰóҲͣڴˡųλ£˵ڳ͢ĵλѾ˵ó죬ڳ˶裬װ衣
ƽ֚㵱ȻҲ⡣ֻһعأһʮֺ棬֪ųǴķʹó͢á
ҲĻʾףأ˵˫ϵҳ֯ųõ߹λӦûò죬ȴЦ棬УȫΪִµİҲΪˣųҲʾ˺̶ܴȵƺ׽
ų󷽵ػ˻֣˵ҲؾˣųҲʲô˿־ĴǾԷһ
˳仰ʽʼ


ڰʮ κͳν£
ݿʼʱ򣬴һǱȽֵģΣ֣߼װͿ֡֯ųȰԱרע̨ϵݣù˼ˡҼ˼ҹܵòϣʿϰԱ͸¶ɣ׷׿ʼ̸֣
𾢵ĵʤңһԼϼȻžƵͬʾһ£˵һˡǿǺþû£ˣλҪӡ˵Ҳȱ˻ظͼæһȻµӣһ
ִϽҰ޿ʯʮʯĴ㣬ҲųԸҪοĽ鴦¡ôʵʵӽʮʯһ磬ȴ֮ǰûκα仯
ɭɳɽӹ˻ͷӦ͵ǰҲþⶫʲôȤֱȥھס˰꣬ſʼζҲѾˮСһʵȣˣһȰƣеЩ΢ľȡҲΪˣɭɳɾƿǲܲˡ
Ʊյｻֻ۷£̸£Ȼ¾ųҸ˵ǺǢġ
ֱ¼ǹʱ򣬳˵С⡣
ǵԭǣμλŹȥѡʱ⣬ȴλһ㣬ͻͽƶϣֱա˿̱ΩԸ֯˳ãٳ߸ͷһҵɸβҵ
ǹ˳ͣʱʮֺƣʱ˶ӡ󲻴Ҳ׷׻֮ͬ
üʢȴ˾䣺⡮ƶϡ֣˿ɲҵҪص񴨡ƽλһƲ¡ִһĵطԱߺߡ
˵⻰ʱͨ죬е㱣ƺǺͷˡһһôټƵĸ̾ʣʶķԣҶԵƼ֮⡣
˵üʢͨʤ֯λسɵĴǶԵ㡢ƽ֚ðĺ󱲣Լ΢һ棬һЩߵġ
üʢί̫ʯҲ˺ͨˡȻƽ֡񴨣ֲһء
ǵͳϽƽָ˺Ȫػ֣üΪü伵޲ѡ˼¶ǣ̲סԹˡ
棬Ǹ񴨻͵Դ˲ƽ룬ֱԹӡߴｲֺüҲôӣþ֮УҲԳܡӳԶЩô
Ԛ⻰ӦޱؽƵ˦ǰɨüһۣԼ»ߣ޹˼Ȼܿ˵ĸߵ̶ͣá
֮ⷬǣҵĵλǿµҲֻܹԼܡ
ǱߵüĿԶƽ֣һʱֻǽ⣬ŭĿӡ
߻ãǿˡ
ڳļҳǶ֪üʢǵ֯ڶھһֱᶨ֧ųˣԾսɭˣܵӴ١ƽ֚Ķӣų÷򣬱һڣټ֮պգڲҲ㡣
˶ǹ֮Ȼ⣻ɭɳɱһ̬ȣһɫֻ΢ƽǱŲһλã̬ȣǰߺеĵҲȻȨʲôûϾüǾ仰ҲȥҲлġ
ΨвɫΣһӣεץԼĴȡǼǰͳǳˣЩѲͬźͺ󱲣ݲҲڲˡ
˼ȥԥ˰죬̲ס˵ˣ
λʤһԡһʯأơȪһʯȫʮʯҵȲ˹ʵʵְȨΧǲġοЩУ൱ǰܣȫʹΪ΢֣αҪ֦ҿ¾һʴţüʢзлˡ
ʤⷬǴʵҲǡǰкܴΨһ仰Ǳ¶ֱǿƵ硣
ƽ֚⻰پС£Ƶ΢Цһ£빭ӶԲʩ˵ǣһʱͿֻ˶Բأȴûߡ
üǾɢһЩҲһ㣬˳̨׾ˣѵҲʤ˵˺ȴҲûеǸ˼
Ҳøƽϣȵκˣлɣ
ʤۿ΢ͣϽתƻһȥǰλ˾һΣ
˵Ҳ˻Ӧƣʾƽ֚С
֪ӣҲû⣬׷׸վڲǹ㡢ɭɳɽ󣬱ʾҪͬȥŵһü䲻⣬Ҳ֧վ
һˣɲǰŵı¾
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⻰´ҿ΢ƽ֚Ҳе㾪ȡ
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ּϡ˴˳ƺǼƽȵ֮ͬڡ
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ǽ´ĻζŲﲢδѼҿųͬȼλߣΪͬ
νʽ´һԴΪʵ顣ϣҪǷӦ̫ˣԵС
վ´ʵԶԶ֯ģҪԿĿ϶Լ
ҿ²֪ûоȴǷƽ˾ֻƬ̣һƽ͵΢Цظлԡ
ô̹Ȼ˱ͬŵ顣
ֵƽ֚㣬룬ֻû˵ʾвԾ͹ˡ
ΪʱС´Եøʧ񣬵ĳɡֻγǿҵķģĬ
Ȼ񴨵ȵҲѧ˵ˡ
ŲˬЦһ˼⡣
ɽһɫ
һ·⼸˻ĺɫҧгݸŭԣ´ҿķӦͬ
˵ڶŵĸ壬ǵĳνɴˡˮҰ֡ﵺϵܡ׵ĿҲʼ̫ԴƺЩ˸ɴΪݽϵ͵ĺ󱲡
ȻеԼҲԳΪĳĳءߡĳĳ󸨡֮࣬ʵû˾ĹλְҲҪ˱ֹԲܳ
ǳǰǳԪɴ౻żеԪպ»ҪЩ˲ǣȴҲֻǿЦ͡
ʱƽ֚ףľٶŲżȻڣǳųŶԡ
ղŻ侲Ȱ˵üƽţôһת۾˴ŵضԴأ
ֻܽΪ
κͳν⣬ųڱ̬ȣ
񣬻˶޷ɵģȴ˾ţﾡá
ǳûɵܵġӣҪǱǳϵܡõ
Ҳ֪£ͽͽֲ˭һ㡭


ڰʮ ӣϣ
žζֵĸԼҵû޶ȵ֣ҹʱ䡣
ҹĻУҲֻ֯ųߵȰ㡢˻ȻǰŵϯλϹͱݣԶĵطҳһˡ
ųˣϲ֣ӵġ˾δˡ߳ǰţСȤ̫ԶʵҲ
ٸˣ֮ʸ񵥶ųǰʣ¶ٸ棬֮ʸ˵仰
ڳĴ󲿷֡ǣЩزһʯĺ壬ûǧϹģıûٴλµĹ߲ͨϲĹϵ֯سﹴ߾ͺܲˡ
Щˣͷ׷׿ʼжԿܻܲһλˡ⡣ȻûⷽҰģòҲҪʾ
ƽָ֚£Ҳʮлμӽյʢᡣǹϵʱ򣬚ͺĳ䵱һ½˵Ľɫ
Ȼ֯ǲýܵġ
ȪĹǰƣͻͬ˵䡰ţž߲λǵ±óˮ֮಻̲ĻЩҲòʲôõĻظ
Ψﰲֵʱ򣬚΢ôϧࣺﰲмܰ밶ǣд󹦵ġ
ļ֣ò˵ͷʾ⣬һСھΪĻӦҶֳһ΢ӡ
һ΢ӡ󣬶ЩǧʯС˵Ѿ˲õĶˡﰲæ°ݣм״
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ҳͨͲ˵ˣȻЩ΢ûõųֱӽҲδͷԷȻҲ֣صؿֱӣһ
ˣҲ˺Ľܣ
λǳҵţõ̴󽫡丸ϸ֮һԽԪɡ
ұǳɽΣǰ죩ĲУҲںսеլ򣨶ĸ
ҲҪ֮ʣֻҪ˵ȷе֯س࿴
ŵĸϴĻϸԪɫļҳ䱾̴ܵ󽫣еɽһͨƽȴھ涼˺ܸߵλãɼǲ
ΨüԺߵĳ֮ģȴִ᷸
ͬͬǵĽ£ƽ֚Ҳ˲Ƶɽ֮һׯ壬Ȱ鸽Ǽϣ١֮һĽʢüʢټݹָӵ㡣
֪䣬Ѿһһ֪ʸ֯Ŵ棬ʲϴɣֻ֧ϵôҶԺ顣
ɭɳп˵ɽǣիٵѣһΪҪ޵ˣҵãսʮ꣬нա˺ʹΪ֯ս⣬ҲԹˣ
һ˵ֻһᱻΪ޳ܸİķУͬĴɭɳ׾Եĳȴ˾ֿˡ
Ķ̬жഫ񣬶Ϊǰ˵ֳ滰
üʢƺҲܵȾϿҵ̬Ǹ⡣ƽ֚㵱ȻҲһ͡Ϸ롣
ôұϵĸٽһ㣬ʱҲӳһ㡣

ƽ֚ڶѵ𣬻صϴһʵ·ϵľζʱѾǳʱ̣賿2㵽2룩ˡ
˴ѾϢˣг̻ûꡣ
ųͷͬˡǲǳķҲǿͷͬѡλүֻܿش֣þϸڵģԷľʵʩҪԼȥƶ
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ѱǲֺĴģǳ϶֯ȫҲûǰߵĴ˶Ѿλġ
˵ƣҹ·˰ӵĹһСŵƫ
ѾڵȴˣˣĻִˡұҲİǳĵܵܣΪǳԪ
˶μӹ˰ֱһֱûϢʱ䡣ŵ˶չʾһִ˼Ѫ˷ܣֻКԼƣ̬
ͼݾõˣ۶λҪ˺ҹʵڹⲻȥƽ֚кṪʩϯ
ȴƽּܵĻġ΢Цһ䣬ʾ˫õĹϵ
¹ǳ˷ϣɽҲȥɣ˵ҹǳԪúܽҲ̫ƣ֪ϵ޹ϵ
㲢û⣬Ȼһɢɣƺգг
Ѿ˽⵽ǳԪˣΪܸߵһڣǰʱвڵ֯׽ֵһߣһֱ̬ȡ
󲿷˶֯ô˵ʵͿΪһصơ
βٰѻȥ֮ǳôһ˹˵ڽֻҪҸ̨¡


ڰʮ ӣ£
ԲĥȻǴ֮ôͰϳϵأɽ𺣸ǲܵˡԪôʣվΪǻ
ԴǳԪΪ֮ȫûִӣֱԷǳɹԣȷʵĥڶˣҵڴ˿̸̸Цܵġ
˿ǡŭҪѡʶô仰˵ҿƽֹ֚һ£ſͦס졣
ǲֻ˿̵ԸˣǺܶġǳʤΣˣΩλ顣ƽּǳ˵ߺߡ
ȻǳԪԾػӦһ䣺ѰܣͽȻ۽ջﻹǣ¸ȥ
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ʱеŭˣǶԷ˵ʵ޷
ҶɵӣĥʵΣ˶֪ġ
ǰػȷʵܣӳӿɲʡ͵ĵơ
ǰͶ˼ҳҰ㡣Ұ㿿ƵĺǿӶԿһǰʧȥֵҰҽСʷ֯壬ĻˣҰ˵ѡųΪձǰھһӽҪ֮ǰ⡣
ѡųԴķӦǣдŸëңǣϣͬʱͶĥȻԳΪ׵Ķַڳʱչ˳ȴγ£ΧˣϮ
Ӵ֮󣬳ĥϢˡ
ǳԪ£ʾǿ£޴ӱ粵ʤ࣬յ֮ƻַ˵ӡ
˱Ͼᣬ֪ôشˡ
ΪΪĻѵس¶˼Ҫά֯ѺùϵˣԵñȚ㻹Ҫǻ⽻ó
ƽ֚ճŲæΪǳԪ϶ĲǾּܾۻ۵̬ȡνӻ߲仰ĳЩʮеġ
񣬷ЦǳЩλӴǼңպӢˣǳȱܱأ
ⶥñӸǳԪ˸⡣˳Կ䣬ô͸ǰ֮ìܡԷϣԶ磬ͬ˿ʵ
ǳԪ˼˰죬Żƽּˣǳʱһģһʮκˡ뱾޹صս£δ
⻰㲻˵úܸǺôҲ͵ͨӲԵ̬ȡ
ƽ֚㾭εȷḻԷе©ӦԪ˻еľģˡȻƱΪǳı²ס
кβ֮
Ǳشǳǵ˹˾Ĺλػְأ
ǳԪʱƿԡ
ϽҪǳ͢ġءĻġػػҲܽͣ˾ĵط٣ſֱ׳˵ĳԼұ졣ȡʽ֮ǰֻȡᣬʽռС
´ҿͳһӹ֮󣬾ϽǮõصĹְ˳ڵ̾ŷ
ǳûȱ㹻Ǯ˿·ַǷǳƵġ֮Э壬Ҳ⡣
Ѻ֯ų뷨һ潻֮ǳϱˡ
ʶǳԪⷬԱ߽ӡԱǶǼҵĵλ֯İԵ
ƽ֚ۿˣûټ̼ǻ˸ƵװοܹƽĥһػְۣǳĪʱĥǹҵı졣
֢ҩնȻǳԪԹϹ
˼𣿲ĥػǳɼϮ𣿡ûԚĻȴæȷα
Ȼ˺ԥػش˵ǰػ󾩴ˣ治Тֶ֮ԿĻʵŭԹѾȷ̳ػְ۵Ȩ
仰˵һ㶼顣ֲ֯׷̬ȻʾֿĳáǣˣųĻûʲôӡֻΪ鲻֣ʱûԴ
ԴΪĻǳԪü˼״˵˰ؾͣм⶯
ƽ֚ȴûԲĻĶ壬Ѿᵽˡ֮⣬Ҳɾһౡ֮¶ĳҾһʯļ۸ÿ´Ӻ·ṩǧʯʳ
ǳԪһ
ղ˵֣Եļ۸񣬵õһǧ˵Ĳ˷ԶһϰǳԼҪöࡣ
෴ǱߣȴҪеʧˡһʯβšϽȲصļ۸񣬺Ȫһ߰˰ĵġ
ŵֵĻôȷʵ֯кܴĳ⣬ǳҵ⡣
ǳԪ۹⣬һʱǿʲôͷĵط
ǳԪԥ˴칦ͷ˵΢ᣬ޷ֱӸʲô𸴣һᱻԭ֣ϡ
ȻƽֺƸһȥˡ
ĬƬ̡
˶ƽ֚ʩ˵ĻǱߣͰƴ˴Ϊ˵ˡ
ҡҡͷش˵赣ġֻҪԡֲǳֻ֯Ϊɣǿ˵һ
λֱִԲ磬ϰߣԴ˿ֻҡͷЦһ£ҲװûķӦˡ


ڰʮ ǰԺϣϣ
ǳҵĴ𸴣ȻҪһʱġ߰˳ɰڣҲûΪǣǰĴھΪڲ֯ųԵ˱˹Ķ¾ٰǰԺϡ
֣ڻĻָǻʼص˻ɣֱ֮㷺ڸƵУľĻνǰԺϣָڽǰеıԡϴ԰ýټڶལǰд衣
Ļѣִ죬ԽȤ˼˼άִͳˡδٴ죬ΪĻؽóǮȴɻٰͬģԺϡ
ĸߵȼձӦԽΪټʮǹ͹ļն
ƽ֚⣬˵ôһλıǱģʾ̳ϴս־֮⣬ӦüڱԣΪ͵ߡһΪͳһΪ£һ𣬱񹫷ΪԴϳߡҡ·ˡҵĻʱ߾ٶ֮죬ʢδ
ƨֱĵÿνǵǷ켫Ȼһ壬سźۼѵմã޲ѡĸдֽϣ
ķȻ׼ʩˡ
Ļֻ̾磬ظпƽ֚ȻǶǽƨı£Ī
ԪԪ꣨1568꣩ǰԺϣȷΪԽݣֿٰ졣ϢǰѾųˣʱڸԪĵһ¡ʵʵĸĿǰĻнΪߵϸТ
Ȼٷ˵ǡءʵʿǵ϶ǰһЩǰԼѡֺͿֵΧȺڼ˾Ľֵ˳϶Ϊġ
λʢĽңҪڣԭȪŸ١ԴλϵĴʦЩ˳Ѿãײ߶ҲҪս֤ȤĶǵͽͽﱲ
Ϊƽ֚ЧĿݣΪƽ֚Чﾰ棬ԱԺܸߣҿϸТƼõڳѡֱӽ븴ѡʸ
ƽ桢ɶءҼεȶŵ˶ȥֻκͲŲͻΧɹ˶ûͨѡȻһҲڸѡĵһֱ֣µĲ֪ӻܡ
Ҳûʲô⣬ϾսϵĲɱɺͱ䳡ĽΪͦġҲһΧ۵С
ƽּҵﾰ鵽ͬʦĿݣаܱԼ˵˵ĲСˣ˵С·õģӦü֡Դ˚㵱Ȼʾӭ
ĿֲϣȪŸ⼸ͽܵУԽʦģԽ
յľڼܷ֮չʱڸѡ졣
⼪ܷǳھǸԼҡ˵游ӹϵġеõʾȡ̣ȥߴݼԴˡǵĽܵһܷǼԼ̳еĳƺţĿǰֱܷ͡
ԭǴ͹壬ϲ·ʿȡѧµɣհȪŸ£ѧϰõӡ״ǰλʦ֣ùھΨ˼̳Ȫ²
һսǰͳ÷з𼫴ýµǼҵۡ
Ͼھǰ죬ͻȻյϢ˵£˴͹һˣֻ۷;ˤˣұ۹ۣ޷ֽˡ
ⳡϷԻʽĻܷսʤժùڣͬʱҲƸΪĻıָۣΪĽǴա
ľȻùǾδʤļܷҲǺܷ
в˾Ӧһ±ΪıȻˣ޷ìʲô
Ϊ̳ˡһ̫֮ı߽̱еĲ߶ǿֻ˼ݸ߹󣬲мˡʵѾ֯ұˡ
֮ܶΣԺϵĲ֣ôһֹķʽˡ
ҪеģǷɣʷϵһ
ܼ򵥣Աǹ֧ҩֻ涨Ŀĵ裬վڶʮ䣨Լ36ף֮⣬ŹǴСҰĿΪʤǻƻ಻ظждͬм
һյĳѡÿֻʮΡ
μӺΧڱȡԺϡࡣӦԱȴߡ
ǰۼȺ󲿷ǽҵߣԼԴ˸Ȥ²ʿģȴڶұ̺ܱߵΪס
ģȻ֯ųԽûչʾ˿Ȥڱʮӣڵһѡ֮ǰռһõĹսλһЩҳͬΧۡ
ĵһУдƽ֚֡


ڰʮ ǰԺϣ£
Щ׹µĽǣרʱķɣڲûȡͬȵҲֻдӵĹGأĽ㳤ɼ֮㳤ĵ㣬⼸ԱȽܵϵʦǿߡ
αȻǰһʱ䷢֪ͨϾص㻹ھݴǱûǰģʶеĹھžǵ˵ֱԼ˽㡣
ڴʱ̫̣δγɹϵ淶ڵġҡеԶɣǰ˶졢ӹҩȵһȫ̡˵ӹ͵ԾȵӰ죬ҪҪöˡ
ΪˣʿΪһҲͶԴ˲ӣϲǹͶ֮ĴͳաȨֲͬϢܸͨʱĴӶҪ
ӳѡ֯ųǰۿԺϣͳ˵̬ȡ
ǰһӽϸĶ˲ߵᣬеļӡһһӦ֮ų˽һԵƽ֚˹ʵ
ҼңɽһᣬɼԭҶ⼸ڶ°ɣ
ǡ侲ش𵽡
֪ųôͷݣҲܼ¼ÿͼʿ֮һ˵⼸֣һйˡ̸ֱ֯֯ǿ󣬼֮¹ϵ̫࣬ҲΪ档
ƽ֚㱾ûҪʲô³ųʵ飬Խһ䵽ˣˣҲʹˡƽ֡Ļڳµİ²ġЩ϶Ƶڡ
𣿡ųָʱα֣ʲôɡĳɡ̬ȷܡ
ʹģ쳶ͿڵˡǵƽּѡġСˮƽӲǹԽԣǾף
еεǿЦһ£֮ôʵǸԼҪͼҪ˵ֻҪȽ֣ǺġĳҲܻˡ飬ǶƷʵ
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ųȻԴʮ⣬׷ʵˣƷȻ𣿡
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ϴеΣɽﳤ㣬еĶΣʤδеġҼңеĴΣɽһᣬеĴΣɼԭҶеΡ
ǰ汨Ľûгϡξˮƽ󲿷һΣҲʧȫѰеġ
ѾǱʱľӢˣŹμӱġ
ΨƽּɳˣɼԸ߳һء
ų֮ݣ⣬ֱץס䣬ʣǺε
һʱҲ˵ŲһôƷϡƽ֚˺󼸲ȡԤ׼õڣǰʸų
ЩڱڵĿߣԱ֤ŵĵתġָǹڿʼ͡
ΪЩѧ֪ʶʮ鷳ʵϣҪѿ࣬ųѾȻı飺
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ų⻰ҡͷʾʵǸղɵǼˣΪʲôʱ죿
εؿЦһ£ش˵Ϊÿ˴֧ڣӰæװ
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νϡǰͻҩúãװһװͲֽͲ棬ʹõʱһǹܡ˵ǰŷ޵ڷɣ˵ǾݵѩȷģѾռأֻǻûγɹ淶׼
⵱Ȼܽһ㡣ųĻ˵ǣ
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ʵԱʱɣĹҵҪǹедȵĽǲ̫ܵġߺᵯԭӣͬʱ֤ȣǸ޽ˡ
һ棬Ȼ޽⣬һȴҲġ
ųۣʵϣΪҲ֮Ǹ˴ڴ󣬻ȹӦ֯ңҾҪҷ˽ס
һ˵ûãһҪơвɵô˸ۣϣȻǺɵؿڳ
ʱһֵֿʼˡһ춯֮и︶Ρ巢档
ùǾȵǣĳɡĿڵϡ˹ƻһε£Ȼ
ϤԼܹ㵽ʹ߽Ĵˣ룬Ҳֻ巢Ҳ˵ˣܿܳΪǰԺϡĿĹھ
ȻҶ֪ȷǴ洫ģҪڴ֮ͥ£һڽǰٻڣ⻹е㲻ġ
ʱķɣΨһܵһ𾴵ǴȣڴУǿֲ졢ҰĴʡȻͽ⣩
ƽ֚㵱ȻҲ֪һ㣬ڵҵƹɻǺܲġʵûʲôõóֵ˲ţҲҪÿڵС
ʱһҲǲʵġΪֱ֪мɺǣٷְӰţйܵΣա
ǰûʲôġ︶ΡǰһܹȰ˺ĻҲиõĽ취
һۣųƺδչֳȤӡ
´󶨣пʼ㿪


ڰʮ ɲ
һڱʱ̽ëԼĲʮΪһ飬ÿʮΡվһձ֮󣬶Ϊɸѡﵽʮˡ
һϢʱ䣬ѡϢװƵҩ֮á
ƽ֚ҲΪڱصա
ԭǸʿɨɣİţȻҲЧҲܲัáѾĳɡֵøѻܲһˡ϶ܸġ
ڡƽּûʲôرóյļҳ˼ߵʽڣҲȡʤ˸ףΪ֪ҪôǼɴģҪôĳҵĽϰǣ࣬Կơ
ǽð︶Ρˣƺǳóڣҿȥʮк̨ӡԴÚÿһá
˶ԱĦȭƣ־һΪı׼ͬʱȴֻſǱ棬ȫʾʷżʵġ
Դ˺ѹΨһǵǣʱ̫̣˴κ
ѹһ˲ҷһ˲͹ˡõ˵һ˸һϷһʱ̫ܲá
ۿʱ򣬚Ѿаѵ鱨ȥ㰲Ҳеú˳ûѶ󹦷򣬵ҵĿļѺףùơвȻ㹻Ϣ
︶δˣǽ︶Ĵͷ︶֣Ҳɴ︶ִһ໧СѾмʮ꣬һֱΪǼЧġ֯ǼҶסת׺شλ󲿾֮֯֡︶Ϊɴͷ֪Ϊûбãʧȥԭеλ
Ӵ֮︶ξھפʱЩİڣĻơμڱ֮ǰѾüܹˡ
˵˼Ҿԣֻһ֦ڣû滻õıƷ֦ҹо˯ԡʱҲҪԱߣ·һ֣˾տ
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뷨ȥ︶嵱ȥѼϢԼͥԺɢȴ
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ھܿǸСǧкӣŸ֦ڲסرȻлдʡǼƣûѧĽ԰С˵㲻
աŮԵأԺмĴ棬΢΢ף˼״֪Щʲô
Ҳ֪βǱˡƽ֚ΪԼԴ߳ɰ˵ǳǳҲ߳ɿ˵ڶҳ߳ɵӣͲһʣ֮
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ڰʮ ȫݼ
ΡǰԺϡıճĻִ˸ƶģʵʵĿƽ̸֚۽ڱΪѡѡ׶Ρ
ڱУһյĳѡʮ飬ÿʮΡվһձ֮Ӷɸѡʮˡȱõĵ˵ֱ˽㶼˳أӡ̵ȴһԳơĳɡˡ
Ϣһպ󣬵սиѡ˷Ϊ飬ÿʮΣԾŷΪ׼ʮһ˽λӰ׵ȻǸˣʮ巢裬ռͷڴĵֱʮʮһѾǳˣȴȻܴ
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︶ͳΪɣڰĿУӢ۵Ԥۡ
Ϊڸѡ׶ΰٳ߸ͷһȵ󵾸ͼĴ˻Ҫأ䱾ôشģ
µõһλڽ˸Խ׼Է䣿͸¶ֻܸǣλںȪ¿˼ڶұݡ
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︶αιʣһĺ䶯ӰʱΪձδ¯
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һ˽ǰ֮ͨԪԪ¶ʮգĻѣ´飬ǳټ㡢ǳȮϡַ֪֮вĳӡھˣͬʱ˳ɺ϶ػְ۵Ҫ
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֮ǰʱ䣬ǳζƷ֯￴ôѺãϾԼҼҳģûĻ£ٲȻ֯ͬ
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ѺͳȥάֹϵĵߣⲢʼβĶӣҲˣϵ㹻ʢء
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Ҳʮֺ棬ǳʲô飬ųǿҪǧ


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˵ͬʱϸȮǹԹ֮⣬Ҳ⣬Ͼʵ飬ÿλؼҶŮˡһ棬ȷǴб仯ڼҲż¶ǿƵ̬ˣȻûάֶá
֮ԵúǢڡͬ顱ԵʡһЩ΢ϸСìܷȫȻǲˡ
ѩǧ֮ͣ⣬ȥûʲô仯ֻǲ֪ľˣȻװŮ
ҹı仯ͺܴˡȥңС޻ѧ·ˣѾܻˣƬҲסÿʱÿ̶ڷйʣľΧ¯ԱߣҲطȥӲϵ顣
ĸӵ˵Զôˣô˵ֻǷܴ󡣡
Դ˚ҲûʲôãɳҲܲѵҪţ
ĵĻǧ衣
ҶӵǡûʲôҲ֮࣬ν֮ʡȻ⻰ԱʱҪġҵĵʮһҪʼѧŴ£ûǵͯԡԺ۹⿴Сѧ꼶޲޲־ܲˡ
죬ǧһ֮⣬Ե͹˺ܶ࣬ӦҲúܿ졣
ǰһ仰Ҫظǿ飬ܵõһصĻش𡣶ǰȴԴˡ
ƽ֚Դ˵ȻּģҲЩ⣬ô⺢ͻȻͿأ
鲻⣬㻹ǰʣ˼򵥽һ½ܵľƱ仯ñȽϴǳԣԱǧҲȻȫȥ̸
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ƽ֚㷢յЦ˫֡
ղŲ˵ȱɪҵȤҲѧ²˳ٰ

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ھʮ СĶԹ
ϸԴ»꣨1566꣩ҲһĹˡʱ棬󲿷ʱ䶼ڽܣɽǹȪ롣βźŨֱֻһζѡ
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ˡݷһ뻢ң˽ǧѧϰ״̬˳ʱһЩ飬ҪԻҪȥβŵǰ档
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һҪﲻԣĪ͸֯裨ңŪԹˣǻͦôġ
ĻҪ˭ˡ⣬ûش𣬷ЦһЦʵСദúܺá
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ͬʱҲ˸ͬСһֵĻᡣǸָļ̴˻졣ҪС飬һų谮ĳŮ¼һųôϲ裨ҲǺ֯Т
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֯裬ѧ֮ƺѧͦã̫óŽᣬ֪͵˻ǣԼȴʱóԹɫǧᾡѻԲάǸСԡ
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պɫЩ࣬üҲ΢΢Ƶı飬ֻΪһˮ̹Ե
⣬Ҷ˵ȷʵѽ𡣡
ͷʾʮ⡣


ھʮ ȥѡ
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˶Ը֯ϵЧȴͼӰƽ֚Ҳһ㣬õԼҪĶ
ƽ־Ҫ뿪βˣ֮ĹϵȥǻһַʽǸһҪȷ⡣
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߹𣿡΢΢̧ףҡҡͷҿһǴ´ġ
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Σʮһڣü˼Ƭ̶̣ȻЦƽִֶΣȷʵƶɮͰټӰѲ˳ҲԼҸȻҲԼ̵ɶ顣
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㻹ǱȽġǧѧҵܹסһ롣
ᵽǷţǺҲҪЩİ


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ƽ֚µ뿪Ũž۵ġֻ᪸֮ʮ촦һЩβȴʰװ̵ʱѾǶѮ
ٴ·ɽǹʱ򣬶쵽·ˡμӡᡱĸͶ뾩ȥˣ֯ҵڶؽҲһصλʱ󽥽ƽ
Ȼųȴ񻹴ھ᪸ǴȥֱϽһǧˣȻҲ߻
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ȻȻأûмųˣΪ˼ھ档
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ĿҲڷϽһڣϲϹ˵ʵĽǡ
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ĸߴ󣬿׻վñֱŴ󲽣һݵӣķ£缦ȺĿȸյͬţǰҵĵܵܣЭӣһֱųʮЭٰ֮
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Դ˚㲻֪ۡ
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֮ų࿪ʼŭʱ˽ŵա
ˣ͸Ͻƽ֚跨ˡ

ԴˣҲеԽòװǰܿǳû뵽ڱﴥ
ܹ˾Ҳǵģôû·ŵϷȥأ
֯ľƻԶԶ̸ȹ̣ĻַˣԤϵġ
Ϊ˷һҹ϶˯ž
ڶȴյһżȻдġ
˵Ѿˣջųʤ
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˵ųɫԥ뿪ǹ԰ݷΪ뽫ƲȥһŲ֪ʲôѻʱ򣬾ȫ̽ųҪ
ֻԼ˵Ǵ빫С﷢˼аε
մţ̾
ȷʵҲǽˣȴȫá
Ȼգһ˿ƣβܺԵġ


ھʮ ҵĺ
ԶҵģսҪĴֻʮżߣԼ35ףһߣԼ11ףˮߣԼ4ףˮǧᣨԼ200֣Ҫˮʮ˲ݡ÷ɣ촬ʦϰ˵һǧһʯĴִʤڲ÷˳綼Կٺкת򣬵ȱǲ̫ķˣԱɹڽó׺ͻݾ飬ڷɣغʯһʮʿװҲװ䲻ʮŻڣս
쳶Ľܣƽ֚Ŀתضͣڸڵķŵͷ
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еļҳǣʶЩˡķʽж󣬵֪ǰ乤ʷϵĵλ
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һʱЩʧ
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˸ۣںɣľڡ
ܾľƾΣƽ֚ʱֻܻصȪӡѾǳ϶ӰˣѾûοսûʲôȨ
쳶˹·ĺϢ嵭ǰĵġ
޴Ļߴ壬ͻ¥ӭƮǰбΦϵĸиעĿģϸһķڿڣǿյġ
Դ˚Եĺ⣬ƷѾˡװ֮ǰɲܽսڵҲһܰɡ
쳶գգ۾¶˵΢ЦҲ֪Ƚģɣɹʵ̫ԶˣԻڵķҪ㡣
û⡣а䣬ɫ䣬Ȼˣ̸̸۸ɡ
⻰쳶εüЦش𵽣Ǳ˾ֱ˵ˣֱӹ촬ʦ͹Դȫ´ֻÿǧԶۼۣ½⣬̶ֳȵĻǷպܸߵ飬Ҫ¸ɹԶԱҵʵûпȥôࡣ
ƽ̲֚סüûд𻰡ԼȷʵͬȼǮһЩͷԶõģҲˣɰǮҲô
쳶Ƭ̣ͻ⣬˵ȻҲԿƸרǰ촬Ļ۹ƿǧ£ҪܶǰͶ룬ҪһЩӦʱ䡣
Դ˚ȻҡͷټǮƣҪȺܳʱܳȻûô
ҴӶԷоֹϿҲԻδ֮Ե
Ȼ쳶˵⣬һʱ;Ҳִ֪Կ˵ޣԱɹĳЩڿǸ»һָʽĴսԸһɴĻĻƷ۸һǧǧ֮䡣
ƽ֚׹ǰĻ̵棬һɴ⡣˾ڶ˻죬·΢תһЩ
ϢȲͨ·ؿصͲָƽ۵ġƽ֚㲢ûʲôϾɣŷ̻ᣬܼҲô㣬̩ھݣҶ˹̶ĳڻ顣
Źһ£쳶ֻǴºģ۳̶ûиߵܽܡ
Ȼĵǡ
ˡðĿǰɣҿҲⷽרҵʿִֻһԺƫ˭أ
Ǹܺõ⡣쳶ƺϵдһʣ˻ش𣬡ڵĲҵѺΣպֻ쳣ʧһḺ⳥ȻЩǡ쳣ʧҪϸ
ԲȤ˵ȥǱҵƺ֮ܽ⡣
쳶һ£ϲͷҲ˵ͺıҵǽͷˡ
ƽ֚ƶҵչǺȤģĿǰȻ̸ʱ˼һ£վɴĻȻԽܡһǧΪԤޣҹģƵս𣿡
û⡣һȨ޷Χڣõġ
ԼĴҲҪģҪжԱһͶǧĻڰڣ÷ɣĹнά𣿡
ҪѯʿֻҪ޶ĻƲ̫Զ
̹ٵأҲн˰ɣ
ǵġһнļ̶ӵĻнļӵǰ١ϳϵĻȰ˵۵ΪЧ
ô˵ˡϣһҲ뱣յķڡٻѵˮƽĻ
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ҵϣǣܼƶʮʮ̹٣ۻΣ
ҪɲͣҲ֤أ촬ʦ룿
ʱ޷ȷҪһ㣬ǻĽ
ֻȷŚȲطʣô̸̸ڵ˰ɣ
ǵģǵġ쳶΢ЦƵı飬ɣƺû⣬ľѾɹ͵ĻˡԭصǾͲùˣԶڱǽڡ͡ڡ
˵ͷԴҲţǽһͺװڣٽϿ죬̺㡣ǰװڣʮ㣬Զװѹ򡣡
ԡ쳶ڷɣɽƼʹ÷ǽڣܲж½ʹáǺڵĻ԰ᵽƽĵʹõġ
˵ĺģҡͷܾ˵ǽڵ˵̣һֻ545ף밲լ롣ҪʵԤսǺڲɡʵĽзӦ˵ǿֳܷܼũڰɣ
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һھ˵ڶȻǰ׼ġҲû˵ϻöǾˣװҴ΢СһЩھͿӦ𣿡
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ʮšôܼƼǽ̸ģѾǮһʱԳＯ룬ҵǿģȻϢ
û⡣ںȪʩеУҾͿǸעسԶҵչɱȡѵ顣ӦģҲϣ
ôһС
ĻиͲܺˡ
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˴ַ֮Խȥˡƽ֚ˣûسǣȻվڸҴֻƷ
ɣİլ֡ˮĳΡԶ󷫴ƣֱµС
һȺдʺŵļҳ
⼸˰죬ƽԵϵʳ常ˣƽȪ֮󣬴ӹһЩսڴְѾŹҵõΪʲôԴΪ䣬ͶǮһ֧ȫϰ֯ˮأ
ǸⰡԣݸЦתζɨһۣȴش𣬶Ƿʵôأ¾ţﳤףְˣţѵҲһһһ㶼𣿡
ۿűﳤױʩ˸ӦΪǶЩˮĿɿԳŻɣϣĽͳˮսʽ
ȷʵǸˣѾսʽ档ڻΪĺսʽʲôǲġ
˵ɣʱŷ޺ҲԾɰѽսҪֶΡƽ֚ҲΪԼԴޣųС
Ǵ˵֮Ų䵽¾ûҪԱ֯ϵԭ򡣷ɣˮԼɣսʱΪƽʱΪʿũ롯űۡ
ӡӦǱȺˣνǶȡͺٷˣ֪ûȤû츳
ƽҲ˿˼ڤӣһ䣺λ˵öеҿ常ӦۺЩǵİɣҲ֪ĶԽ룬˵˵
Ҳƽϣ˵˵ͷ߽ܽǡҵĺˮ𡣡
ŵҵĺĸϡ


ھʮ ֮
̸֮ƽ֚ڼżҳĴӵ£ԵͣڸеĴֻϸһ顣ֱ̫ɽδشӻسǡ
ǳֹʽṹ϶кü㣬Գǽˮܥٺ»ְҵʿǣһɰסǽϵĳݣųھѵͷͷͷʿ΢ڵλõõһСԺ䣬Ǿסĵط衣
мʲֿ⣬Լʮ߼ҳһڵľв÷졢ҽʦ֮ࡰƸרҵԱᡣⶼ֮ķ룬Ӵ˿ʼÿһξм֡
󲿷ּҳûõǲߵģֻõ˿ڶ֮谲ң⻹һɽǧͬʱϯĴ󳡹ݣһСϪĻ԰ԱߡﳤסšƽߵҲҪͣסŲԼоӳǣڰҲвݡ
ȻǳӺճ칫ĵصˣǰΪͼͥ֡ճڹʱڱְפأֻоֱŚһݣص˺Ժ
عؿ֮ƽ֚ŮסģҲǸʮ䣨54ףͥԺˣ£ֻжʮӶʿУѿ¹úˡ
Ҳһ˹̬֯һϵ˴඼ˡΪڴѣǰ;һƬθһ¥飬ʱ˲ų
ЩϮƬصġǲһġԴƽʱȨʿٶȿһ㶼ԭϵĺǳԡڵϰ߶̳˹ԶĲ˵ųͺϲټСգҹ˾֮ЩСǻûб;ǾͲ˵ˡ
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һտ˵Ĵ󴬣ƽ֚ҲûȥѰ֣糣صң£ϱĿ
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ҲûȥΪλ£Ծǰ˯ѵʩΪֻ֣ḧ޵ĺ󱳡
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ˣβҵİСҲþˣ׼ʱأ
ԴԵʮģȣȴŸӵ
أʱðӵ˯ⶼȥˣޱȡ
²β˵ԼѾˡ㻷ңһ䣬ĸо
ڰȮЩ΢һ˿ǿģΪ඼еĸ飬ڸҲͨеļֵۡ
ڵǰʱУΨҷȨԴ΢ʣһᱻļ֮顣
Ϊһƶȡˣƽ֚޷ԼĽ׼ȥʲôƽȡ󲿷ʱѺԺ󣬰Ȼ֮ҲмΣһЩ΢Ĵ
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˵ǣʵСҲǸϧ˰ҲţҴϿԼӰӣҲϣܸҸ
һᾡôҶҸġ
ƽ֚ڻļתе㲻Ӧһӣ˳ŶԷ˵һ䳡滰˵֮ŷӦⲻǺǾᵽ̨
ÿ˶ҸȣŽڡǶҵĳ˰ɡ
ڰȮûⷽĶģÚʲôԣֻ΢죬ЦһЦ
ߣشҶѾ㹻Ҹ˰ɡ
ʵҵ
ښΪջʹ˻ʱ򣬰ȮɫͻȻһ㣬ԥһСؿ˵ʵ밢磬ող˵Ĺ¡顣
΢΢㵣֪ηӦֻǵ˵ͷʾԷ˵ȥ
ȮõźţŽŲ䣺˵ǰżȻʱһλɮеԵ֡ͬʱҲԤһЩ¼
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˵öԣδţһʼβҵҲû̫ӵġȮ͵ǺһЩ飬ӡ֤λɮԤԣҲˡ
ӡ֤Ԥԣ
㽫Žɣʵλɮںδ
ǰѾԲˡ
شֻҡҡͷ޻˵ҲûȥЩӡ֤ԤԶʲô
ԤԻɺϡȮĿŚı飬شǵõȴģ͡
֮ܶıԴܲףġŮʱĻԼעĹޣĹУȫûǹĻǰСÿμ㶼ᾪʧ룬ֹʧԭ
Ȯ߶һӣʵôһ仰
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һʲôأԼҲһѾ
ֻϣ̬չҪЩԼźøе̫ܵ˺ɣ
̾һ֮󣬚ͻȻ֣ȮѾкܳۡ
ʱż𡰴ϿԼӰӡ仰
Ҳ˵ȮٵʱҲƵաԭ϶ԤԣҲΪųĵЦӡǼһȷʵżῪЦ;ͬ鰡
ʵʿǣԼûжٰ⣬ֻεĻܻøڰɣ
еŮˣϷġǡѺദǼ޷Ŀء
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֮ǡˡΣֻ˵ôһ仰
Ȯȴƺȫʧصѳ˵㻹һڵеҲҪμǵԪͳɻ飬ҪԹע˵Ҳʮ˰ɣ£ôŵأδܷӦĿظָ֪ķɫѡأ
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ǰ侲٩٩̸ľ֮͵ӣȴֳǸΪ
ͬʱĵġϧΡźϵĸӸ顣


ھʮ ϶
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⻰û𣬶۴صͷܹһ㣬˵ȮȷʵǶƽּҵǰľġ
ΪüҵġȡΡְ֮δõзǚĿǰŵ鷳
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ǲӦûرһءȮŚ㲻µ̬ȣԵЩִٲ
ڶЩʲôأбҡҡͷѵҪԼ˲ɣŷϸûܡźš
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ͬʱҲ˵һЩԶľơͬΪ֯ĵˣ뱸ǰϡĥɼɽĲѾһ̶ȵԼǿëʾ֧дֵ֯ߣ£ë޵УݺǿѼ⣬Դų׼ɿ֮Ƶķǰ¼ҴӺ󷽴ѡ
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ѵѾܿˣ⵹˵ùȥȻвδᵽⷽ顣
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ô˵лбİʾˡ
ɫ䣬ȴֶ༯˼˼ҳֽǰ˼顣
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ݵ㽨ڳƽԭ棬ĹҪҰ뺣ڣͬʱҲ֧ͨǣںĶԴΪݵ㣬ɽˮ·вȪ򡢼˿ɾݰأ赲ܷĲ֮͡
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ǩ¡ҡԭҾд֮ͬʱͣס˶ûмȥһ飬ֵ˸ȥصʱˡ

ĻأΧСգ÷ԸԶΪ顣˷ȥϵ飻̫׼·ǰ¹ڷ١ԭμξУɭϣˡ
˵ġءʱָ֪ǵδ˹ٵóݡڳӣ͡ԭȻڡ͡
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Ϊ߹ٵóݣʱȴһ
ʤټɵԻԡɽšΪ£Űüҵڡ
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ƽ֚յ֮ͣһѵ֪֮ʿͷȫףҲݹᾣʾ͵̬˿ѾǰͷһɫɫɮۣͬһĺС
£²ͣԭһ·첻زйͷѾһЩΡֻǱ⿪½ģԸݼܡóȴɮ۹ýģƻЩܴǰˡ
ԭǣҲţֻǻСǣĹϷţһ˾վһԣۿ֪ⷬϣȴȻĿúܣǰֻǹɰˡ
ʱһӣóֹסĬȥĲ豭ʱһ˿عʩ񣬽ſ˳ݼˡ
ΪԷĽʹߣԭȴϵ̬ɵĶʾ硣
óȴǰû𻰣ڲˮżģ۾¶ǵ˫ۣȻ˰ɡͬʱ΢΢̧һ֣״Ȩ
ԭʵҲиҾĹְ䲢ǳ͢ϿɣҲüڲСЧӦġóմȨգҲ񡣺ο˫λȫתأ
Ȼһԭ˲δŭ΢Ц
óݴˣǰ㲢Ϊ˫赡Ź֮ƿסʿͬݳһųż죬ˣҲû̫ƢԽǶˣԽǲȫûϵǰװһ˾ӵӡ
ϼһԭα¶ƺǹҪЩɫ㷢ȡӡĶԭ˵Ϊȡ˳ЧóݰԼ˿ɿˡ
΢ֱ߽˵׳⣬˵ıļƲߣѾʵ˵һƽ֚ںȪԱҪĹжʾ¡


ڶ һͬСĿ
ԭóݣȻͬüҵسǰΪЧ泤ǣûʲô̫˽һ£ҲǻͶĴ࣬Ϭʱ١
ȻȳӣȴȫΪ˽Թǳڹġ
˵ս˼·ԯޣҲ֮ǵǰϾΪòеΪײߣΨбȡůܵȥ
ʶԭȨ̬ȴǸ߸߾£˽ȻмӣûóҲرֳ˳̬ȣȳңԸӳܺüҳ¡
˶Ϊ˫˺ȴֻһƽλܳ˲δ췴ңԼó˻ȨĹ˳һԹƽҲټ׷ʹˡ
Ȼı쵼˵ĹͬŬ£ʱûѵΣˡ
߸ΪӪͷ죬ǵСǵĸأҲ̫ܡó֮ԭÿͻ׼ʱִ֣ԡ
Ⱥʼն˽ӵģٸһʱһ޷óκۡ۹ⳤԶ˹£ȴʱ˽ͻͻͽ
Ϊ˴˼ĲϤԭóݾ˼ѵĴ̣ڴһ¡ǰ߶ԡж޶ȵ֧֣Ҳһ͵Ĳʵ뷨˹ҷ·֮һһСĿꡣ
СĿꡱ֯һˡαǰ³裬֯ҵ߹צȪػ٣ȡΣƶˡ޳ܡĺֶεƽ֚㡣
ó˵ıļƲѾʵ˵һȴδϲɫֻ΢΢ף½󣬽һûػص˾֮ûôϵҪȴʱ䡣
ԭɫ䣬ļʵǷòЩ󣿡
ûҪóݻǵԳֱӣڵ״ܺáլſҪ꣬ƽ֚֮ˣһţмĹ޷ҲûҪơ˶飬֦
ԭֵ˵ҳͨΪɽΡΪ־ۼ˺ȪڣܼԼǧˣڵָۿڼᡣ
ڣóüͷ壬񴺸δɣھϰæǶҼңҲûô˳
ԭҡͷƽ֚ȪԺ󣬲ȡ౰ɵֶΣԹڽзֻ£ѹںȪȫˡǸ֮߱ᣬڰǵһϯ֮أҶڻһƵλá
ƽ֚һȷʵЩ֪ȺҪʲôóһ䣬̶ʣЩ˲Ըũæɣ
ĻֻҪǮۣͬʱͱ뽻ߡԭ½һصߡ
ó⻰ΪⲻǼԼıԴ𣿺ȪһȫԱҲǿнôЩ㹻ľսĹ
ƽ֚ӼӶһˡЩܣҼΪУ˵˸Żݼ۸񡣡
Ӻغ͸ǿɲ˰ںȪѹγôǮƵģ
˿Ǿˡӡǩ˰͡Ļᡯ֮˴̽ƾÿƿɶǮ룬൱ڶ࿪ʯء
ó̲סֱӣʲôǷԼЧ£
ӡ˰ǿԡʤǵĹģԼÿҲȡʲơĻȴû취ȪġСѾģֻǶʩЧˡԭȻվñֱԼõϢһһʮ͸¶
ô˵ĻȪóͱʽץҲѾȫƽóɫѿ
ǵˡҿ˶ãҲᱻ̡ǰԭһֱűȽϿ͹۵̬ȣƽ֚֮ʡ˵֮£ȴֳԵӶ֮⣬ʾƽֵڽʮֲ
óȪ뾩ܽԹȡá䲻롯֮Ȩкܶ࣬ҪֵĻǻﱳ˰
ԭЦҡҡͷش˵ԼȨأ
ʲôơóҲԵЩΡ
νġΡƽ֚ȷʵаʱдֻԵߵǼǡǰټڵĻҵ˺Ȫɮ˺ӭΪֻǴһڲͽҲ֪Ϊγˡػƽִֹĺԭἰպеʱ⳯ŶԷȥ
ҡǿ촨ʦ״ӣĪƽ֚һȻóϵҲ΢˵õɮĵӣȻҲüΪСǡ
ΪټڵʵͽʮӲĿ촨ϲҪͽΪУеЩܡԭ糤ŷǴͳ̣ڷøУԶԴ˺²۵˶Ǽת棬յسҲƽ֚Ͷϣοһɮأ
سȻֵҳͨ𲻱ε㣬ĵ飬ķʹˡԭȻϱ񣬵ǻӳ̼ҳɹϵеóݣԷֹԻȫԷա
ȻŴԣʮΣҲ˲𡰸ɮļӣֻװģؿԼ˵£ȻȷΪУ֪֪ˣȡܵ鱨ԷĹ޸һ֪ʤȻеġ
ԭصͷʵİʲô
⣬ŵʱѾһ飬Է⣬˵ЩϻɼóԲ뽻жȨԾʱҳͨʾѶԷע⵱ǰ״
ԭԽǰλͬŴСңָȫ֣Ϊ˲˽ܾƣó߻ԣóˮ׼ֵΡǰԼ֪еļƻ
˵Ŀݽһӡ
ȻΪͬĵ˶ϵ־Ը̲һ£·ҲԭĲ¶Ĺص״ҳİȨ˵ǽ泤˻ĹܣߴĹǨܣЩ˶Ϯִǿڹġ
һ֮ǰԭ˳ṩáֻһԴں޺֮ǵ͵Ϯǡ
Ǵжʧܣصϣ𡣶ұǼϣǸ٣״Ҳֹۣܲʱ֮ݡ
ڣԭ統ʱһĺ󱲡ˡԼĳѾˣڱ뿴Ӧſϸһ
óᣬԭǫƵǿԱȣȴ˫෴
֮ǰԳһɫı
ӲѣǲԭֻǸ߸ϵ̫Ѿϰߡɼףѡ
óϸİţ̫ɣլſһĻͥ㲻תͶУ˳ˮۣʶѾڵ·¶ӡ
һ٣ֵ
ȻŶӾųɻᱻ֣δҲ𲻵ʲôãж
жʲôԭ̲סǰҲЩ
óһ˿΢Цֻһ£ʾԷ顣


 󽫰լ
ˮͻȻһˣõ·ˮĴӲԼͬش˸ս·ıϵʿһ̧һ
巢һǶȵб˲ָֻϴ죬ƺмСܵˡ
Ȼ׾ˮﳤİլſȴȻƽȵڼװϣ׾ٵҡбסƽ⣬ŵı㵱һ׶ûһֻ֣Щˤļҳͬʱһӣ֪Щʲô
լſ콢ȻǴߴŵһΣܵӰСġҲȷʵþѵˮ죬竡
һѵԵЩͰڼװϣ֧֧ز֪˵Щʲô
Ƭ֮󣬾û֮˵ķˣһλҴ
󽫣ҹʮֻҪԭһʱ
˳⾫ĻģǸݳСˮ죬ȷڵİլſ˼ꡣˮϳǴԽҵľֱˣȻǷ׷ʩ
լſصʵУչʾһ׼ء⽻ʽЦݡش˵ֵˣϹأǮһġ
ᵽġϹءָͳϵ·İլ֮ԼˮսʱڽΧڵһвɸ뿪Ĳһɸ衰
Խֱһ̫ǰӣǾĲȣս˶סƾʲôҪǮ
լſųʽı飬Ϊ֮޹زɷԲ
Խֱġ󽫡˰죬йһ˾䡰űҡҡͷ߶һʲôⲽȥ
Ŀͣδ޷ǡ֮ʡĸְˡ
լſܿԽֱıӰд˺ɸֵζ
Ҳûа취ѱĵ·ǳԼĵλǿѾܲˡҪ˵Ļòþһɢˡ
˵޴ϷСˣǾ·ˮȥľߣլſҲûϣֻܺϡࡣ
֮һĺҪӵãԿ֯Ҳķ֮һĺ˸ʣ˸Ļ̬ͥȣʣµıʾı߶УֻҪӰǵ롣
հլſѡ񣬾ǲκѡȻóƳҲ֯֮ܶάסĿǰں֮ڵĿռӡ
Ϊڼӻڣլſÿ´̴ͿʹյǮѣüҵȨṹռһҪλá
˵·ˮͷݣҲ֯Ȱʹߣߵļ롣
ԣܴԽֱƺǺģ˵Ļܱɡ
ߡʵլſһҲô˳ۡǵڶ˳Ƶķʽָֻŵ̬ȣˮͷʮֲֻûб¶ˡ
󽫡ĳνʱ޿̲ڴŷ쵼ߣֻһĶӰˡ
ÿˣլſ;ȫͷţһһ̹ǵۡ
ʮǰ·ϸҵ룬լֻǡ·ʮڡеͨһԱѣ֮䲢ֱ֮֡ó¿ϣƷϸңΪðլίԵ·һ֮Σ˵·լҵ
üһֵܶܣլСʽ֮ƣʱ·˳ɺ嶼Ը£ΪҳЧӲҲӰ첻˴֡
Ҳ£һȨϵȫάϵһϡպó𾪵ش˰լ·Ļ̻̣ȱ
Ϊճӵſ֪ԼžԶסʵûʲô˵ģɣ϶Ҳ̫ࡣֻ棬ҵӪѵ֧š·լӼȥ
լſһ˳̾һղŷŵһߵı㵱С
ôҪԵġ
ǵԼʮʱڽԺбʮӼҵСõͷΪЦؼԺ󲻳Բȣڷ졣ȻŲͺУƵ˽ˡʮݣڲᡱĵ
۽ſȻԶԶʮӴ汣Ķ֣Ψһڡ֣κˡ
㵱棬ˮ緹һ㣬ƹϣһζὴҪʳ
һ÷ӷš
˲䣬լſʱûθˡ
Ϊ÷ӷ뵽һ˵ģôЦЦ
Ц˵
ѷɣһݷű㵱ôںΨһһ÷ӣ·÷ӵĺˡ
ȲĬҲ󣬸ȱںȫͷЦȻǴߵʹȻ
Ϊ⻰ƺǺȪػƽ֚дһȺ˵ʱϯ佲ġ
ƽ֚㰡ǿǴ
֯ڽվȽŸк֮ͽǰΰԱȡ
֯ųȻӦó죬ӦͣʤҶӦʮһ棬ɭɳɶӦٳüʢԱóݡȵȣƽ֚㱻Ϊһ㡣
լſ̫һʿ淽ʽⲢѶԷµĵˡ
ƽ֚仰ٲȻǴʾ˼ˡ
ѷɣţ⵹ˡ˵ں÷ӣѵҪһڳԵ
·ֻ÷Ӻˣ˼ǣֻ˹һ£ɲʲôʵ˺
ջ𰡡
լſ֪ƽ֚齨Լˮѧ˵ֶΡ
ںսרҵ·㹻ŵġ˫ľ̫Զˣ԰լſԼ⻰ҲƽֺͦаճԵԼġ
ȾҾ塣
ջģֹЩ
˵ƽ֚㽲Ц֮Ƿ׷޳ܵظһƽֹϵУʲôԽģ
ǰլ򣨰լĹλڣ·Ǹ룬ֻ÷Ӻˡ


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λˣսĽ֮壬ʱݱȡ
Űլſ䳡滰أʮλͷĿҲ඼ͬʱһɢؼҡֻûƺлҪ
ԽֱһܼӣһѧʦһǰլſʲôľٶΪǸߡĴԽֱ׼ȥ󽫡һ顣
֮ǰ۾ȴ΢΢ɨ棬ʱͣס˽ŲʵѴﳤһʲô𣿡
ڵʵɺ;Լֱ˵ĳƺԷУһ㽲ò˼ûС
ǽܵĸʿɱˣҲô³ԽֱֻǸˡ񷨡ҵҪļܡ
Ѵﳤ˫еŭһ˲ֻ飬ؿ˿ڣֻǹһ̫ɣլſȵ˴·
˵󽫡ĳƺֻǴ̶ֱӽֵΪֱģ֮£ǰǿɰöˡ
˼˵ˣԽֱسһڣǵᶨúܣ쵰ǵԼǵ·ˮһԱ𣿡
ҴﳤԼ˭ǵúĳЩˣ춼ѡ·ˮߣȴֽ֪üںεءѴﳤȻӣĿŨüۣǵĹһ㡣
ߣ·ˮɢˣҶûкýڱ飬ʱ¹˲ˣԽֱĻѾе㡰βȷɡȻں棬Ҳû˻ƽϡ
լſоһ·ϵƫͷʹ˼֡
Ӹϣ봬ԽֱǱߣһʹѴﳤΪҲͬˡ
ⲻǶԵġϵ˵ܴ󽫵ˣ±оݣܱ˸ͷԡ
ˣ֮ìܣΪͷ˿ˣӦþеڣӰŽΪѵ⣬
Ȼ
ҪôĻһǰԾӵĴԽֱȻἫ䲻ѴﳤǸյļһҲ顣
áյļһݣ̶̫ǳˡ㲻˵ǡĹΡҲӦáСˡڰլſĿеġߴ󡱡
Ѵﳤʮ࣬ߴ˶ݣдֻʮңˮİٰʮˣǵ·ϵεڵʵڵڶΰլۼ¼ˮսı£ǵǰĿסܶ಻СӣƭڰլſʹԽֱƭĺ
ԣˮͷλ뷨ҲȻġ
ðլſʹԽֱʹ޵ǣȫһĺרоа
ǰլģѴﳤ²ΪһıʵͳƲݣսҲܵС
ֱլϵرó촦·ľ±òɹ˼ֻѾ˼üҵĸ߲㿿£ϣõ֧֡
Ŀǰûеóѵļ˵ȵƺôȻϣװһõ˿ء̬
ΪһĺˣԽֱǿһġ
լſأȻòƱ丸ǫǫӣҲǸӡ
Ǹεľ档
լ֮Ǹܺ͹ǶʫҲ뺣ƴƵˣϣҲܼ̳һ㡣
ԸΥſھڵ·ʼոе룬߳õαܲ˽Ĵֱɡ
ҲΪլ̫ͻȻʱֻʮſԶԶûѧɡ
ġ󽫡ԥ˴ԽֱѴﳤ䲻ȵףʾ⣬̶ɫ˵ƽţѴﳤ֣ͨδˣ㵽֮ǰҲûʲôȵˡ
аؼ̬ȣھɳƵϲڵ·ϣȴֻԵЩ
Ѵﳤ֪ûķֻ̣ĪعЦҡڵǰҲǵϾôᣬģǷ²ѽ
һ̸䣬̸˵ǡ
ԱȽѺõĴԽֱһǷɵѴﳤȫͬǻ
ȷʵԡô˵ҲǸսˣξͱƽˣ㿴˿ھǶʮǰ¡
ôдǲеģв෭Σա󽫣̫˰ʮǰҲƵĴ󣬹
ʲôޣ˵ǰˣϴε½սһζţû뵽Сڵͷ
ƵĻѾ̫̫ࡣ
¶̶ߺޣľһֲ״ǿ
뷨ɱˣ쵰Ѿլſ⽴ӵںȥιˡ
ϧ뷨ɱˣլſֻķʽػǵ·ˮܵ첮ķֲнգԴҾ
첮ĸһȷʵѴﳤΪֹһ
լſǸеǵˣԸ׵һֱĴ٣ʶ̫ԸѪԵϵߡ
ҲΪˣż׳ʱҲȷʵһá
ѱĺǣȻȨһóֶӡݲǿЦġ
ôһλһֻܿڳơ۹Ժ칫ߡˡ˼ȴܽС
λѾȥüˣھѾ֯ĺԺܰլǱɱжٸܡѪŨˮǣǲɵġ
磬ôƽ״ڽάҪƴȫһЩֻϵĹҵܹˢԷҪȻô˵Ͷ̥أԴ˲ĻΨһľŬԼĺΪˢԷˡ
ԶĲ˵ɽѸߡ㡢ϸ֮˿ǳ˼֮ƨķϲڶ֯ҵףųǰ˵ϼ仰
լſ㶪˵·᪸ܵȥͶҲֵƵĴ
ô˵Ѵﳤȷʵ仰ŵˡ
ȻҲ֪լſüҵһͱԵˡһ˵֣ϥǾͷëѾ裬һʱβˡ
һ¶ӣղִ󸹱̬Ͱڲȥˡ
ѴﳤհԹڴԽֱͷϣ޺޵سǱ߶һۣ˵˵µģҾˣԭ֮ӽҪϲɺ֮ˣֹ֯ļϸ룡
˵֮ز䵽̫ɣլſҶ໰ҿҾϲǼ٣״档ǿĻû֯﷽̴ˣѵǿ
أҲȻش𣬾һطȥ
Զ֮󣬴ԽֱӣͻȻɿ̾һ׶԰լſ˵Ȼ쵰Ǿ仰ȴҲ޵ڿ߶ʵ͵߶ˣ·ˮǱѡġ
լſ˵ͷźȻҡҡͷֵͷ֪û
ιι̫ʲô˼
Խֱظһ飬ȴլſֹˡ
ţլſתһһʵɣԽֱȻδؿңȴάֵ·ˮˣЩֻܶ˵
Щʲô
Է壬Խֱһʱʧ
ͻȻ֣󽫡ƺǼǸʮСˣٽƺ̫ʣ
ûע⵽լſ
һգҽֻĳĳ˵ֶӻӡ


 ĺͼԼڲ
صԺֹʱլſյԭʽż֪һҪϸ֯ҵļϸĹ
ѴﳤΪʲôǰõϢⲢֵùġ
լſ֪Ǹ쵰ܵõ֧֣Ͱ಻סҪͼذˡΪֹûʲô󶯾ֻǸЩС˵δȡʵԵĽչ
ԭΪʲôͻȻšһ㣬Ҫϸǡ
·ˮ֯﷽̴ѾˣǴ֪ˣΪʲôͻȻ׷ѵĹüңҪı̬ȣȡжֶζԸ֯
ȫ˵ͨԭ֮ھѣԴݵܵͷ֯ӲӲҲ˰˵ձ뷨
óһĴؾŭűƵıա֮δһڵأҲΪӽܳˣΪհ
֯ʦʱսʵȨڵУóݺȻǿӲȴתĹĴ㣬Ψҳͨĵֿʶ˻ģеĲбܽǳɽƵĴ
óΪףԴ˽˵ⲻսܣʱ˵õĹڵͬڵĵλҲûܵʲôҡ˳µظǹԭ߻Ȩóβʮ꣬ոԪãȻǰ᪺͵·ͳߣȫ޷ʵȨ
Ǳƽ֚ʹƲյ£ͼѺһѶˣȴԼ۽ɢʧ룬ܱסӵĹľֻǧˡɽΡֲ̫ᶨˣûٴθת͵͵ӣոģͨƽ֚Ͷ֯¡
Ӵ֮üҵľʹˡ
ԭĹҪӦһʿãͷиͷҲࡣڵǧ;ÿ²öȣȴõ˾ܡ
˵ˣӲǸıܡ
ڲ֯ԿĹ˵ۣԭΪףǲȫµġ
԰լſ⡰ϸ֯ϸżͺѰζˡ
˵ģȥһЩջ׻ˣԭȻֻ˵ջ׻ˡ
ֻǸӣӦûݡ
磬ٹʮ죬׽֯һļϸе֪ԷĲбҰģĹ˵ͬΪ׼
˼·ѾԼˡԭô󹦷ȨΪ˲
ҲǷ֮ѵȾʮֿ£޿ײ룬ҳǲ־жṩ̵档
˵ͨǰݱܷâǳƳϾҲġ׼ˡȻǵۣҲܵô졣
οóֻӻûǧ˵Ҳ뿼Ȼֻʣǧ;ˣЩʿɶžսܶδͶлҷӰ
һֿǣɷнµطǿ´ӪգȻΥΪڣĳ̫ļҳ
ֶΣլſԼûоȴȸһΡʱլ˵ˣλȻӵкܶȨΥԸһܿ챻ܿʧȥȨʩһЩߣĳس߸ı⽻룩۷Ĺ
뵽լſһ
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ȥլſʮֱطֻ֣Լ˸ѪԵ֮⣬һǴ
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һֱźһжԴڸ״˾ȵÿ¶ԾˣûиκηӲܵĿռ䡣
һĻ˵һжһء
լſͶ˼һѾüյƽ֚ĵԣҲʼڳ֯Ե̬ȡ
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Ҳóݺԭ˵ӰԶԶ߳Լǵǣ˵棬ƾ·լ״óȻȥ
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赭дһ仰լſʱ˼ת䣬˸ܵ念Ŀɿڴ

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ƽ֚Щţֻ˵ܵ念ԼɿĴԽֱ͸¶䣬֮ҵҶǸԡѡݳûʹȻеɣǸ롣
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լſ念ֵܶһۣ˵
PSüҵĺ˼غңˣʵóݵӲһ


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ֲǺȪõĸۿڣȴ뵭·ĸۿڣֱߵĺֻһ11ƽ֚㽫ǰڴˡ
ź壬һԲ׵ĴͱվԤƿһǧʿԼµĲӪϿƮƽּҵľ죬ûӡ˵ܴ󽫱˲ڴˡ
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һʱֳﳤ˼άܣ½սϲıƵԸ
ΣⷬԱҪǿöġһȴȫȻѿһ°ƣȲʵ常ϯҳ
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լſ࿪ָԼԵһˣܵλóãأóݣ֮ɶλ״Ǵ˴Ĺġ
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лûУʲôֱ𡣡ҳͨҡͷԣԳԴ˺⣬ֻǣ󷽾ôŽ֮µģϸ
óŻش˵ȥĹ޷ƿ··ˮĸӣѾԭ塣βſɵ½Ĺı¡ҽ飬ҹ뵭·밲լһϵĳͨٶԸһֱ棬Բ߼ԽȻԭһᱻԴźϿפԡ
ҳͨĻɫ糣ȴѲʡ
ֻûǱߵİլſȷˣ
²ȡҲܶԵ·ˮͬŲ
֮ʱɫȻԳһɲɵζ
óñϣһʱ֪롣
ҳͨ̽ѯʣǰլ˼ǡ
լſɫ˻ȥأóΣأʮӴ汣λ飬ֻǱԼҪıҾ·ˮͷĿݱǾۼѯ־˲Ը棬ȥ˺ټ棬սΨŶԵ𽫵·ˮϵȸ
һڳ߶ĿɿڴԶԣŰլſĿ⣬ͬɽһ
ҳ֪ͨƽ֚֮ԼǰĴǣҪ̽ġ
ԴҲûʲôԹԣΪϴηѾüҵĶ廹һ룬¶ƽ֚ЩǸΡοͬڣеΣյ񣬲лȡĻر
õͷѾأΪԼʱˡ
һ·֮ϣҳͨ۹⣬ֵùע֮ҲԽԽ衣
լſһϯʵǹ࣬Ҳ֪Ƿùɵˡ


ھ µ½
ܰլſܲϾռŵ·Ĺ֮䣬һкжҪԺ·ͨΪǰᡣҧסһ㲻ɿڣҲûʲô취ȥֹռƻıΪβԸͶ֯ҵˮȥӭƽַפ·ԭֿȻǰŻжӦϣȡԭ
ҳͨһӸլſ쳣ٶ˽࣬ʶԾƶȱִƱ仯
ԼҪƽµȷűˮһ뵭·Ҫ漰ƽǧֻٶңˮһǧϵĹģҪŹ¡ɽΡšﰲţ±ȶ˺ҪΣɲɵ
һóҲԸˣƣȻ̫ۣ뿪ĹҲע⣬ǰҸԸҪȥǹʾͲˣ
˵ҲͶԸһֱӵİլſҳͨп֮ģȻҲһδᣬֻμ
֮䣬ͣںȪ̲뵭·֮ļҹشҹɫиԭɢȥ˲ָƽ˾ģʲô鶼ûз
üҵʤǶ֮裬Լƽ֚ڵָ۵ľӪͬĵص㣬Ÿոտʼ
ͬĳ棬ټ˲֮ͬת֮תΪ鱨ܵԵǱʶӰ죬ϸ֦ĩڵ⡣
ԭļıôֲ΢ĵЧӦԽǾĲ߻ķԽ׳⡣ӣͨŲĹ󷽵ָӹٸֵκģ޷ָκͼӰĳЧ
Σƽ֚µľ԰Ԥˡٶűԭƻһͷǧȷҹɫ٣ָ·߽
ƽÿҴƺֻóеʮ˿ͣءʵС紬Ĺģ̫СǸ޷װزϤˮԵĲϴģİլװ˴ҲôǹشƽÿҹشϣԼʮȫװſᣬƲɡ
ӺȪĵָ۵·ݱǣˮ·һʱѡаլſϵĻƿ·ˮѲлġ
һ·;ƺҲӡ֤һ㡣ԼӺʱ̳ʱҲδڴҫĵ·ˮ̴Ҳû
ˣŹ¡ǺܽŵָӲ£ž̬ʱ̲ܷɣʱ׼벻֪ðĵս
ָӵĲֻԼĲڣ˺ȪˮϡŰʽĴ󴬣ƽֱ̹֚ٵδ
ǰҴ󴬿ÿһԹ鵽լļ𣬼ҲһɲСƺ޷Ź¡˿ĵ
ҳͨڸڡ͵ˣпչ۲Ʋһͬŵľ
һųǰݵʮּ򵥣þŹ¡ȱ׼Ȼû֯ﵯˣλҲΪ档
ɸѹʵĳ칫Ȼͬ칫һԴҳǷǳʴȵģֻҪʵδ㲻ᱻǿϼѵְ¡ʴַǸ֮ʣ칫ĵ˺ıļҳһǲģֻǻڱһ桭
ÿҳͨѰ
ǲ˼Ҿʤ³Ƿսǲǰ̰ΣԼѾôǷڵüˣѹʵó죬ȴʼջԵ
Ψһ˵Լǣѡļ̳̣ʵڲҲֲüҳġ
ˡ
Ź¡̵ͳɤ˼
̧ȥȻѾ˰ߣѾԿŵĵȥƺȷʵݱµĸۿڡ
ԼܿǰӦĶ顣
ôֵ½սˡ
ʵҪðķձˮߵöࡣһ£ǿԼʱѵģٿһ֣¾ǵĲȫûķա
ҳͨŹ¡Ը˶ˣǰ˱ýðգȴ汣ؽ
ҳͨľֹҪ࣬Ź¡ʾ𣬽Ŷߵ˼򵥵ǣʿ䣬һϰˡ
໹ЩǵʿģҲ׷װָӲڴӴϵ½
ײʿǣǲģֻõˡҪǴȥ·Ҫþ䡱֪ı仯ҲǹҪʲôоĳ̬
˵ѾɹﵺˣҲûҪլſû˵ٻôϹ鸽ˮͷͻᱻ⣬ȻϢݳȥլſթôϾͻͼذÿôࡣ
ҵǣӦվŵģٲȻǰլſˡ
һ棬ǰҳͨʼ̸Ѿⷽĵġ
ٶҴСֻĵ½Ȼ򵥣ݱǵĸۿ޵ģҪָӷԱĴ˳⣬ڳռ䣬ͬʱдĴҲҪԴԴؿʱĴûб׼ģҪƾˮľָӡ
Ź¡ⷽûġֱĿǰ߳˼죬ʣɾҲ㹻ˡӦû·ҹҲӰ죬ӵתͨʮ˳¹ʷ
ǧԼ½լſüͷ滺һЩ֮ɫֱϾҳͨʵﻹмҴ󴬣ƺʽҲǾŹ𣿡
ƽִ˵ֱˮʺءҳͨûϢΪ·ͷȻ֪£
լſҧҧƺҪ˵ʲôʲô˵ֻҡҡͷ
ȻŹ¡ָӵõˮжȴ½ϰǻһ򡣽ţƽ־ڰլſָ£ֳˮ½·ĲݱΪģռ˵·ϸֵĸߵغͳҪֻͨĹһӣԸ˺󳷡ҳͨһǧˣΪ塣
·ϵıˮΪó½ս˼٣㹻ġ
һæµֱʱ򣬷ŰҲ˵ҹûܺۡ
ԲϢΪլſѾʼǲ֪ͨˮͷĿݱˡ
ΣյĽ׶ѾȥˣԤļƻ沢ᷢȻ뱣ֿս״̸̬£֮ĳЩûҡ
Ź¡ѾһЩҳͨվڰߣܿϳЩңԼһ˿ΪȻ
·ҳɣСǿΣԡ
ҳͨҲЩͷԡ·ˮӦñ͸úղŵ½ʱѾӦԽ׼ȴûó
ʱݲϸˣߴլſҳɴһϯ飬Ƭ֮ʣ˵δ㹻


ʮ ʶ˲
·״һͷǣ600ƽñʱļλʮһҹȫǵġ
϶ɽܹͨк;סĵط࣬ϲƽԭϣ԰լſΪռҪܿƾƣҳͨž뷨Ҳûɡ
լΪˮͷ˵϶ռݵǣֻǱ㣬أȴѹˡõƽ֚Ԯ֮Ͳһˡ
ԤƣҺᱻ̴¡нĵϢѡ񣬲Ըվߵģ뿪·𴦡
լſЩ֮ʣɵȻҲе˼ڵ·Ȩƽ֚Щ֣Ҫγ壬ò߲ΣֻܹԹҰߡ
ҳͨĹƣ·ϼʮִеսԼǧˣ󲿷ֶˮײ֮Уǿٳǧͻ½ˡƽ־ǧˣһϱռȻӦˡ
ʵʵرĻǧཫʿΣˣӦıմʩҪЧƽַĹಿĶԿȫչ
ҳͨŰլſı飬ѾСˡ
ҪжĻӦóŵ½δȵʱ𹥻ڰլſ˾ôֱ˵վԼǰƽ־Ҳ˳ӭ˸һʵڿ⡣
ʲôı׳ôݵʵռ˵ɡ
ΪһսϸҳͨΪЩĹӦϣԭȵһϵ룬ֻ翵ĸơ֮ڣֻҪڵ·վȽŸĴɹˡ
ĿǰҪģܷڵ·ǷӦ֮ǰ˳ݱǡ
հլſ뷨ֲһĵˣǿǽغ;ӳǣ뿪·պ棬ٹضս
ҳͨΪⴿڸ֮ʣˡתǹôҪ£ϡͶ״ҲͰˣȻƽɡѾҪõǿȡֶˣ벻Ѫʱһ⣬ĳ¼ʿСֻѵ滹Ƶס
û⣬Ҳҳüֺ޺ۼⷽ
ʮĸ֮ǰҳͨʱʵҲǲ̬˫ر׼ıܣԽֻðլſۿЦȴ벻ԼҲͬĴ
һ߰׼һ߲ɫؾȴճӲӣȺҺͷĿεȻһ㱻ڳеסֻ¼һˣСܰլſҳͨġȰ˵
˻ǵϣǰưͣնѡˡ˳Ӧǩµ顣
Ȼ
ʱһֱ̫Խߵ㣬ʼµʱҲҺˡ
յϵľ˯֮·ɣҲӳٵô̶ȡ
Ψһ;ǣ֮⣬˶ûǰݱǡ¡ܲˡ
Ҳ˵լſҹʮ߷һûܵӦ
ӣϹӶܿѾй¶ˡ
ûһʱй¶ôʱҲ˿ˡ
ۼɫʼתլſһԲɫԽԽˡ
ҳ̲ͨסʣլˣˡð˾յ·ϵĶ
լſҡҡͷе˶ݱǸӦĵ½Ͼˡ
ҳͨü׷ʣôչ󷽾пʧ٣ߴ»˭֪
ھУûκ춯լſᶨرʾҵױֻܣֵεĴԽֱعǿɿѴﳤˡ
δ˵꣬լſͻȻ뵽ʲôƵģֱԭء
ҳͨȻ˽飬ҲףǸԽֱȻ⡣Ϊ;˿̳ԹԷ²ףһʱҲ벻취ֻ´һΡǿ䣬ϷͻϮ
Ƭ֮󣬰լſ͵ҡҡͷʾŵӣ˵ǴԽֱϢ͸¶ѴﳤȻ˺ôԱϵܶϺţΪʲôֱԻᱳѣѴﳤһ𣿡
ʧǣ޷£֮£ҳͨЩΪԽ޴ҵ飬ʱһܵ˸ǰʮ֮򵹣˫ָ߾һľУոշһ֧żĹӳ
լſ㾪ѹæǰ򿪺ӣץ𹭼ϵŷ⣬һ˺еż
ҳͨվڱһۣȻġԽξֱ⼸֡
ʧʧҲֵùڰԵԴƬ̣Ȼʵ˵ģ
֮󣬰լſŻ̧Ƥԥһ˲еֽݵԷϡдƣį
ҳͨҲ˲ǫãͳţɨִ⡣
ϣԽֱʾѾϵѴﳤ˸ԵӰȰ˵ʮҺկأ밲լſָӡ
ֻ壬봬ԽϺ϶йϵլȽ׽ûбȦӣʵʵݱǡ
ΪʲôԸ۵ԭǡ֯ﵯԹڣԼءת֮£˲ðӹҲ
л˵ϵԭƽ֚ɹĵ½ǿǵլſһ壬δնɱĴ㣬ҲͶұôѿˡ
֮ĽǣʮҺ壬ȲϹ齵ûаԭļƻ˳·ǲڳֿ̬
ƽ֚Ҫƽ·õĹ壬ֻʵʵؿʮӲͷ
լſȻʮֵͳƺ⵽ܴ
վҳͨĽǶȣҲԴԽֱΪ⡣
ıλһԪͳγȻĲɵìܡءָ֮ìܼ
լſȻǸͷĿüҵѪʼվһܸߵӽ⡣ãһǿƴ״ϯλԶԶʤСǵ֥Сνԡ
ҳȴǳڱС֪ϢĻĵ²Ⱥڶδ֪ǻſ־Ͳεġ
ָҲԵ޹ʵģǻڹġĻǰڵĶʷУػǼδԻйǿͳΣʱӵزȻѡ
ʱ仯ˣ˵˼άûôױ
ҲûլſˣԼѾͷˡ
ǰҳͨʵѡ񡣶Էһ㣬ڵ½ʱϮ
ĻźõĺֶξͻתΪ
ӣϲ£ʵ̫ˣ
ȻƲԼΣҳͨԾʮַգ֪ôƽ֚㱨档


ʮһ ֮
ţܺãլͶʵϲ˰ҳͨҲйͣҪν
·ݱǵƽ֚һʹİլſĿֵ̿ҳֵͨƵᣬƺԵǰľг
λ鴫ġ֮硱լſ˿¶̹Ȼ̬ȣҳͨɱֵսս
ܿҳ̬ͨĵܴ֣䲻εͬǿġҲû˵ƣϾάŽˣ˵
ΪġȡΡͷӵ½֮·ģߴ˱ӺӶܼǧˣôֻ˲ϡ
խĵ·ϣƽµǧ˲ԼǧˮսٰʮֻԼµĶ
ȻլߣֱԸϵĺ壬ܼǧս֮һʮֻսʮҴ͵İլ
ԴԽֱѴﳤΪףۼıǧǧ֮䣬սڶʮңʮأо󲿷뺣ߵľ붼ʮ3km֮ڣҲڵصġ
ҳͨڻ㱨֮ǰ㵱ϣԴ˽гΧפؼӣá
ˮ·Ͼûа취ˣԼҴֻҪֳһ䣬޷ȫۿڣ֮ڣݾŹ¡˵װʮʮ˵Ŀ촬һʻ뵭·ƵϵسǾٵõԮ
ǶԷϣ˶ڳǽ棬еơĹüȻϾͻӦ
Ȼƽ̬֚Ǻܵģ˶ɫϾ״ҲûźѣݱڷΪٿ顣
һ£ռƽּûõľ㳤Сгһǰһݣǰߴӻչһ޴ĲƵͼڵذϣ߰ΧĺڰӣΪָʾʹá
־֪ǵؾĿӦŰ֮䣬˳ǽˮܥԫʯǽҼڶࣻׯȷϢ˰ʮˣǹȽϼ򵥣ľṹڶ٣ҳǸ͸¶߰࣬ؾǵƲսңԭرᳬ١
ݻܹϢľ㳤Сг˽ӦĿĺɫӶѵͼϵָλãÿһöӴˣƫȽϴȡֵȫİƲ֣ӵţԱʾ
ɴ֮ڣðɫƵĲá
治ƽִˣլſ棬ƺǵһμƷʽֳԵ޶ȵľȡ
ȴΪȻϣɳģǶԵҪеߣʱ̫ʵ
Ӱں֮ƽ֚ߵ̴ӹһյˮڣػ˻֣ڵƽ·Ḷ́ⲻһսˡλʲô뷨ģԳԣ㼺
⻰һأԱѰ಻סָڵͼ黨˸Ȧ˵зɢʮУ˵ʮֲִ٣ȱ׼ձ·;ע·Ľϰߣܡľĺܶ࣬ȡ𹥻ƳеЩ˵СǣơСǽ֮Юʤ֮ٹʣϴľݵ㡣
˵֮δӦƬֲ˰ҳͨӦԵõ˼ӣʮ֮ϵڵз׸üбҲˡ
ⷬԴǣʾҳͨھϵ˼·Ƚһ£˶ݶһ£һϧ֮
м˷Ӧ˷֪ҳͨͼ
Ӿ½ǶȽ˵ƺеġĵġ
ľŹ¡ѯʣԣƽ·ȫ֪Ҫչ򣿡
λƽ֚ʩ⣬漴˼˵ƽּίĩĻڱ֤ʮгеľǣټ϶ʮա
Ź¡ԥһСɵ£Ȼģڹ³ôܼҪһ²ƽ·ĹüҵԮôʱ䡣
լſ廰ԭѷټֻĹ巴첻չǧͻϮĻվ͸õˡ׼ûʮǲܳеġ
ķƽ֚΢΢Щ졣
첻ǶڻݣǶ̬ȡ
ΪԤƵ·⣬ԚһϵҪ飬԰լſĴšǼһƺҲżȻҲؿʼΪս׼ơ
ǰдЩģ߽ķʹլſһֱƽ֚ʦѰĴڣռˣǱʶȻȻظı
һȻ벻ͨġֻΪҪôۣҪôǲ̫ʵͷࡣ
ƺ߿Ը߰
˰լſĲ䣬Ź¡ԽԵͰ¼㣬ԣֻܴ¾Сǣϴĳ޷ݡʱԭи֮ܵף
ں˵ԭܷܲɹϿǲˮϺ޷½ɡֻʮգܹµ·ȫ
أŹ¡ɫһٻػֻεĿͶƽ֚㡣
뷨
ŹˮȻͶ֮֯󣬵õһͷչᣬӻЩó·ˮ֮⣬ڰҲһЩսģҪغ·ʮգͱ֮ս
ƽ֚ӺȪ£ˮս˥ʤޡԼ¹İսδõ֤ҪֻŹ¡ҲͻγˮѪ½ľ档
ˮȡƽ·ʱ䣬Ӿ½ǶȻֵõģԷƽֵļҳǱųɹԮţǾͰ˵̫ˣԼԴҲһ˺
ҾŹһƵ̬Ȼȥ״أ
ĩȪˮĵ֡Ҳе㷢࣬ҪõöࡣΪʵʵͶƽ£һֱȮ̬Լˡһս̫࣬ƽ֚Ϊһǵ϶ǻ貹ġԺ˭
ҲǷֵܲž߷ӹȻܵӵԭ
˲ٳޣʶ֪˾ǳԹġ
լſûɵĪǸλˣԭǱߣѾӦ𣿾ĴҲΪ˵ġ
Ź¡ǳ鶯£شլδЩֹۡȻԽֱδԤϵı仯ôνӦ;ɱ̫ߵڴˡ
ڴº޹ϵﰲҲϯ顣ˮĴΣͺˣֻԾԾԵĹâȥȲҪս
ȷ϶ΪȪڵĴƽȨϵеҪһԱη滹ǿԳһµġ
ҳͨ˼˰죬ίر̬ȣսȷʵЩȱݣҳʮȫʮļƲߣǾ͸ˡ
֮⣬ҲļƲߣǽõǰ
۷׷֮ʱҲûеˣ˾Ȼ񣬶ԴƺҪ˯ˡ
ȿȣƽ֚ۿ۵òˣʼܽᡣؿһſСļһһۣϵشַ㹥µ·ЩҲΪֻͶȡɣưˣδػŷֻİΧԵзʮǵĸϣ磬Լʱ䣬ؾս
һ˰ڣǴʧɫƿԣһ붢Ś㣬ǿʲô¼һ
ΪͷİլſҲ⻰̫ˡ
㳷ϣ˼һϣ˾ͻһս𣿿϶ǻύ۵̵Ϊǰ
ǿѶȲ
Ψҳͨ˸ۣƼƽ֚źﳤɫ糣䲻ԭȴҲ


ʮ ս
ƽ֚֮ھϿ´ʣΪʱõҪ鱨
·ݣҳͨƣڵָ׼ʱƽּҵһѾʼжɷ㰲ӣ̱ʮżطƽּطװ̼ҹԱͱڣ̴ϣ½˵·
㰲ֱţ乤Ϊҳ֪ƽּطΪһڳķй٣Ϊɸ٣αްǶ֮УܡáҽʦƵļ
ǲõǡ¹ݡҲƽ֚ŪǸרŸʳƷףϵϰһԽ۳ɵˣա¹
ǰƽ֚ͨβٵĹϵȰ˵ǳܣĥʱˣͼṩķ񡣶ṩ¹ݡ
㰲ƽּطһУǴ壬ǰ·ʳġʵϵǹ㵭·ϵľũ
·˿ΪռݵĻ֮򡣵ʵҲвũԼС˴ڡ
Ϊ߱һģĺɽ֮ѵõĳƽԭȻСȴܷ֣Ҳ൱Ѻáغӵĵطܹһ򷴣Լ15000ĶϵˮʺֲȵĳԶӿڴ˴С׵
ݱṩϢԼʵʵĹ۲㣬·ũΪ漰ҵģٸǧҡЩƺǿƺΣ簲լҾ͹Ųũÿȡǧʯϵʵ˰
ԴƲ⣬·ˮڳԷϻԸ㣬Ҽ̹껹ڡҲǶԽǿһԭ־ĦŹƾڵزԼֻܰԼڴսˡ
ڱȽϱҰʮ־ͲƣԻװ˵û˳õʲôõľ鱨ҲʲôչʳĹǺ˳ġ
ƽ֚㹩Ӧǳҵʳһʯ㣬ԶԶûܵչۣⱾ׬ߺȵ⡣ȥ·ˣľʮ֮࣬ýǮˡ
۸ȻںȪڵ·ϣѾǺ˲ˡΪһ˸Ϊʳðյɹ¹ݡҲǱ֯ңլſŻӡ
յ·ں²ĺʵ˵ʿҲ޷ԲɹжһӭʯʮʯһʯʯĹģ¹ݣֻĿ
ΪۿҪոʱ֣ʵٺʲ
ƽ֪֚˵·ʳԲҵȣ·ݲ˵ǵÿδյĽ׶Ρ
ʶòŷָϣƣε˺䡣
ΪԽ࣬Խ죬ʳĹҲԽˡ
ʮ˳·ȻûʲôسǾ飬˴˼Ҳȱͳƺע⵽⡣ƽ֚ȥװزӣɼӵʱ򣬽ҲԮ
ԤȵĲöԵöࡣ

һ棬ܼҳͺǻ̫ףô˵أ쵼ָʾҪִУҲҪִУִм⡣ƽ֚ݵλżѾһãҲûʲôġ
ѾЩȨĹС²Թʡսָһ£ڳĲıƶȵǰĶרǲѵΪ
Ե·һ֮ڣƽŵľƶ
ɱɽأ·ʿ𲽱˻ֻһЩǱҰⱣ顣벿֣ԭȫס·¿ţͨС
Ǻ֧ЭͬʱǶԲߣôǰ֧һҪСᣬǼԻ֧Ԯ·ľӳȫǰ˼·ȥģֱûʲôã
ֻ·ͻȻԽֱֻü˵ʮͷĿͿҳͨľɱſڡ֮£һӦǸظңءٷӦҲûˡ
Ȼóνϵڱˡ
ؾһʼᶯֻ̽ƽ־ȷʵȥ֮󣬲˰಻סֻһپʮľƱΪˡжԼһͲ׵СľӣͶݹϵׯǴԽֱ
ƽ־Դ˿ֻʮ˽פӹ˿һ˵СǣͳƷе㱨ϼ
һ֮ҰҡҲѧѴﳤ־֪ǡ
ԴԽֱѴﳤΪףŸƽ֚㣬װͬսԼֻʱ˵ģίߡǿԶְɡ
ȻҲ˶洫ĳǣȻӹģϽֻǴһլӣʯǵƬɽҾȷʾʲôսȫǳ뿪ϼҰ벽ҲҪڳ
Դˣƽ֚ȫʵʵ־ǵ챾ǧȪڡһǧ٣һǧӺӶǧ٣ȡ̩ɽѹ̬ȣչһѪǿ
ʮʱ֮طʯǱճɽ̿һƬǱʮͶȫսƬɽһžԡ顱Ӵ˱
ҲһʮĴۣ˵սֻżãһɶ
ȫŻˣԥܵĳǳؼϣԹѱԿԭΪǡǡĿҳǣҲӵˡ
ճƽ֚ǰģǱﵽǧ־֪ǣǧٵׯǣԼʮճľݵ㡣
ȻԽֱѴﳤͲ̸ʲôԼʱսˣһ˼Ǿء
ͬʱĹ洫Ϣԭ˾˴Լһıм䴬˳ƻ
ϸ̫ǳòʲô鱨ĹҲܺ죬ô˵Ǵûܡ
Ǹ󽫣ʱѾѹסˡƽܹ֚޷ֻ̣Ʋ߷ȥ⡣
ʱ򣬵·ڿʼʶʳ⣬ʼ˳ŰΧԴڷ״̬սߴӺ·ˡ
ϵΪûܵӣǿ϶ղٵġң׳ҪǿпһʳֻƻǵȺڻ
·ģѲߣ
ͨһ㣬޶۵ˣҲ㿴ǰ
ƣʲôĲԣշ磬˳ƶΪźۼչ·ʳСǳṩûʵԭȫû˾ͻأٴΣʱ俨³պոĴ
Ȼûʡ
Ź¡һھϷ˽С΢ľ񣺡հԶвս֮ķ緶ֻ̾ǾسǵоҲҪһʱգӦĹĴأ
ò㷢Եصǰһģнֹеں֮ڣغܿͻΪʳķò̫ʱ䡣ȷʵҵȸࡣ˵Ҳ̹Լķȴܻ䡣
̶ƽ֚㻷һۣҿ·廹ǽս飬λǹսĹԭĵ˿ɲֻһҡݲعڹһ
仰Ծ˵ò岻ǰڣȴ׷װѾȫ׼
Ҳע⵽ǰǸԷԼʱս飬Բ𣿿Ȼʹ˹ƣȴûԲ˵ٻֻδ˵ȫ滰ѡ


ʮ ǿ
е͵Ĳġȫµ¹ôֻ˶ಫǴ˳֮ˣƽ֚㵭صʱԭͲ׽⣬ÿˡ
һԲ֮ȻǸռӰ£ԭľŰʮۣʵʶֻǲһʮˣıģԭҾ˼¡
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ԭҾ߲֮ʣ޷Դǰ߾ȫҲֻδȾһٰʮʿ䣬ȮϤϣĿǰļˣ׾ߺ֮׾ϡ

ϲƵģһʾʲܳҪٳϱܼǧľۣȴֻ˹涨ɡ
⼸Ƶ飬ԭȻŭɫ࣬һԾ𣬳вһҿ׶ǧٿ׵áͬʱſ
ƥҶ֮
ֻ֮ʵ
ܾиͬص㣬Ƕüҵ״֮һĺ塣ǰ쵼ǵķڽ棬ûж԰׵ʶЩԱһɶȣжĲþ͸˰֮ȨֻҪھºóϷӹͿˡ
ǰµڲ𽥱¶
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ԽԽˣɣȻܾۡ
ԭԸսʵԭ򣬿϶ǵӰũæ
ΪϲطѣˮҲԷḻӡСΪյĹһҲ󲻵á
ƽĶȷʵ÷١
ƫƫƽ֚Ǹƻļһѡ³ӽ·ܲܲӦսɣһûһ¿϶ѷֳЩũΪĺǺˡ
˿һںȪСũ롱͡˰ʱ򣬾ѾԤڵ龰ɣ
ǰüǿƵӣҲСʱ㹻úڲҲзǮֲũķϵʧڡ
ϰĹ˲ӣԭйڶһ˿ɡ
Ȼ᪵ĸ嵹ǶԼǰˣĿر㴨֮Ϊ׵ڣʿ䣬Թص²ʿն˵ЩԳ칫󣬶ԱԽԽƵȴԽԽ١֮βȷĻҲû˹ܡ
õͽ䣬ڡ
ҪȡһսϵĴݣֻ׬ʱ֮󣬲㹻ֱͦȥ𲻷ĺ塣
Ȼ򣬱֮£֮ݵĻҵģ
ϣηԱΪ֧Ԯ·ԭսԸ̫ǿҡ
ȥȱϯˣȻһǧó֮ӳʵǧбҲʾռ˰Ҵֻ䴬Ϊȱоˮٱ
ƾʵȥƽ֚㣬ʵڲôסԷȻһЩʿݴ͡ˮս̲½зա
ҪóݵġƲߡȻĿǰΪֹķչƺ⡣
Ҳ޷£ԭԿ뷨óӵļȥ

ԭֳСգһ˳Ĭ·һڳĵ·ϣһߵ
ʣԽǸеֵʱԽҪ侲
·ƵʱڵҲ⡣
ʮǰϴļԪ칫ʮλҵȫᣬԭҲΪɥ֮Ȯ
أ᪶ϲĺҲֻԹԣðˣʱûĳ̶ȡ
·լſͶ֮ĺȷ̶ܴʷԭɵģµĴ󲿷ֺûиŵ֯ңǵȴžԮ
ڽܣ򡢺ȪȻ൱һֶüҴͬеˣֻʱϢģˡ
ȅɽĸɮˣʯɽһҲսµ꣬ڹؼʱõϡ
ֻҪȵ֯Ϊʸ֮ģüҾӭ˵ĻᣬȡʧȥءʱԼΪףδؾûиһĻᡭ
ֻǰĺڰѣҪġ
һҵԭߵĿĵʱľѾȫƽ
óڱڳŴµ̬
ԭǰˡȴƬ֮û˼ֱ˵ؿڵأ·Ѿ˷ԽֱˣȷʵһЩңԤľ棬һ¡
óҲûٽ˫ۣĿǲ
ԭ⣬˵ԽֱѴﳤټ˵·֮ĺǷأԮڸأ
Ȼóüԭǽ氲լſһͶ󵹸ġʱѳŵˮͷ浭·ϵĲþ˰֮£־ݡ
ʮǰ¸ȥţѾȷ˵ü˭ǰ״ЧԭɫҲ̫ÿ
ȴı⡭ó˼
ԭԳɵɫɵ˵ļƲߣǿѾʧܡ
ȻǣóΪԼСеջ𣬡Խֱ˼ܼ򵥣ֻá·ˮĶԡһ㣬˵ҲΪˣû㹻ȥթΣ˻ǹƶ˵ƽ֚㡣˵ȥҲѵõΡ
ΪλҪϵ
ֻһ߶ѣԽֱǼһﰴԼͶôȮӳﳤñٴоӴ͸¶һЩ޵鱨ƽ֚ͨЩ鱨Խֱҷ󳤻üȡˡŰҵƣǻṩȷ鱨ƽռˣֻһΣء
óݽ˵ƽ֚ȻǡǽһԼǿҵţԣֱӽҷԽֱֻҪṩһЩ鱨ɡһƽ֚ͻˡĿ桱ĸоУŽ顣
רŶԸǽļƲߣ˷ϵ
յթɺ𣿡ԭ⻰üͷøˣû֮⣬еȻȴԽֱҪ࣬Ҫ˵ܷùƽ֚㣬Ҳδء
óͷҡҡͷ˿ڲ裬Ϸһ˿ӵЦݣ͵ҪӦֹİ취Լ֪ԼӦҲûԸթǵͶ
ʲôԭԲȻŭƬַ֮Ӧ
֣óݾȻԼĶﶼ˽ȥ
ԭ̲ס˵һõķϻɺ»൱Σա
Ϊʿѵָҵǲ롣óݺһԵʮ飬˫ȴݺץס飬ֱðԭ̾һ£ҲǼ˵£ˣô죿
ϣòźõֻܼȥֻǿŶҪۿۡ
ƽ֚㣬м𣿡
⻰óݸղŵһ˲ʧɼ飬ȻڵûʮɰգȴҲа˳ɡƽ֚ˣһϲͶȡɣսԲŹؾĻᣡ
ԭĬˡԲģֻǾãƲʧƺҲûʲô̫ˣ޷ǱͰͨеİլſùͨжѣԹ֮֮ɡ
һ˵ƽ֚ʶƣóݵĶѱһϵĻȨһͣҲδǻ¡
ڵʱԼҪô죬Ҳÿʼˡ


ʮ ȡŲ
Ȼƽ֚ϣԭжΪ
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⼸սʮƽ·У־֪ׯؾȻž⣬̱ҡƽ֚Ҳʮֵֻ˽ӹܸľݵ㣬Źǳء
ⱩǰƽУƽ֚ûеȵԭľӣӭǰͶϵʹߡ
ʮǰͬҳͨйݽóã밲լſԼõ緽ʽ͵͵˵·ϡ
ƽ֚˱ֳ޶ȵȤͬ޶ȵ
һգóɰլſţڷ㰲ӹԵġ£Ȼƽּҵıڡ޹Աˣȴĳλϵƽ֚㣬λоŹ¡ƽ桢ҳͨﰲԼﳤ뱾š
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ֻɫһóñع񣬼æǰСԴȥݵμˣ˴ͼҸǰ⡣
̧游óݵ֣ϣע⣬ȴδյЧ
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ȫΪǰ̫ţ͹˼֯ҵʶжϡóͷͳ
ƽ֚ȴû˵꣬Զʹ˸ɫ
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լſеˣǻʮã֪ô
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˵ҳͨóһۣʾԷȡԴǡ
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Ƿḻľˡ㣬ʵҲʵʵˣǱϵѡֱϵȴƽ֚ë
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иʣóòҲ֪ת硱϶ʲôû˵ôסˣССкβ̵أ
ʶѡˣȷʵкͿ֮ΪüҵĴ˴˼Ƭ֮顣ԭˣһܶȡõļҵԼ̸ıƤ
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ƽ֚ԣδÿɷ񣬶ĩʵǾΣ
Ϊף·Ϳ챻Ҿˣ̸θã֧ʣкãγ˫ɵǺﳤףչ¶Ųм̬ȣг⣬·⣬׳᪰ʡʹðΣʮ᪣汣Уѡȡһг⡣
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ƽ֚ŪһȣԳνı飬˵ǾذɣսϼġܺԭֻͣҪ·Ļ
ΪʲôԭļѺأȻΪǼһĿǰʵóǿ˵ףҲ˶ġ
ʱ򣬰լſ̲סˣô˲ֻأóݣðΣʮ᪣汣Ȼһյıʱԭռ֡
ˣƽ֚̾ͻ˸ףǰİլſļ򣬽͵ſˣ̫ظˣԲźе⡣óκʮӴ汣֣ҿ˳αġʵϾµֻóүټЦҡóһڡ
תֱӹڵصóãʵҲµö𣿡
ʾ䣬ȴʮƶӡ
֪ģóףʶ˵˾ʵŴΪڣҡͷָԼһ⡣
ʵһ㣬ҳͨͷֻ֣ûеҴˡլſ⻰ȴ൱ѿˡ
֪ʲôϵأƽ֚ȣȥ֮޷һ£ȥת桭
һ£óõ촽ԼҧѪȴȻδ˵ʱѾڲͣزˣȥۣпء
ƽ֚΢΢ͷںشǾ뾡ɣһԭǰʤıӮˣµӿ¶ù

ݵĻ棬ڼҵĽ½ˡƽһ飬ɢȥ
㰲ӹ⸺óԭ·ء
Ź¡ƺҪ˵ʲôֹ
ﰲ򡢺ﳤסŸɾʩ¡
ǼһıģͲ˵ˡ
Ψҳͨ
ƽ֚ĬƬ̣ʵ㷽ŸóðǻˣΪĵ𣿡
ˡҳͨ°ݣùϣڵóЩɵ㣬ЩɵƺϴթɡҲǵ˿ӪĽֻ¾ã귽ʮ꣬Ҫ˵ȫǼװδҲ̫ˡ
ȥƽ֚Ͽ顣顱ʱһ顣
벻ţ޹ؽҪҳͨڵأþò𣬡ѾΪЧ˿̲ҪԼжϣֻ׷ָʾüȷʵž꣬ѾӰˡٳ壬ҲԥУԵøһ㡣


ʮ Բ䣬Ӧ
ƽֵ֚ʮǿƣóøеޱȷŭ裬޷Կء
ȻǶȿ⸱¤̬Ҳ˾ãƽ֚ȷʵĲĹ
ȻҪۣȴδڿŵּۻ۵Ŀռ䡣
᪰ȻǶԷ޷ܵģһʯҵĵ̣ǵۡóλʮӴ汣ҲܣδĽ֧ӵܣҲȫ޻
óȻǳʧ̬δһھܾ˵ȥۡһϿմЭĻ᲻㡣
ôۣԼ϶ҲȻ᲻ƽ϶üϸһ
һ棬ƽ֚֯ųѶϿɵĺȪػ٣üȡΣֻҪ͵ǩ֣ͱԳϣܴĺƽ
ӱϿüҵڲǷǳҵģҪĺƽʱ䣬ڲ⡣Ҫ˭˵⡣
ǣƽ֚Ĺԣͳֳһ˳̬ơ
һ£һ֮ǰոմڵϮĹĻֻüеͬ飬Žһ¡
ʵϣһ棬֯ҵڹƹƽ֚עǷںȪڵ棬ûбĹֵ˼ǡüеġɡ롰Ĺɡ֮ìܲҡóݱӣڲԡĹɡʱʤա
ˣһδҾõзӪìܣصĹˡ
ȻΪƽ֚ôģ˱ʾɡ
Ź¡ƽһʣ˵Ҫ½ɡ϶ǚļҳųɹæģܶƽ֚һԼ
ȻⱹǱġ
ΪԮǰֻʱƽָµľŹ¡ʸͬġĻֱܼӣˣޱ֮ˣ˵ޱĿȻĸϸϣʱɵ㣬ܾãüҸǸУھô򵥵˥ȥ
ⷢԺɸݣǳڸ˼ά޿ɱ硣ƽ֚ôóڲţҲû취
Ե͵֯ݲΪŹ֮˼˵أݣԭҾʿ֮ʣӦûֻڶǡ֮Ρ
ƽ֚ûж⻰ֻۣЩп
ʮǰ˫׵Ѻùϵʲô׵ĵطһѵѯģǽ
ڲһﰡ˵ǲأǹ˽أ
ôһƽҲ鲻Ըؿ˿ڣ˵ļ⣬ͬġóݺԭ۹ⲻôǳɲǹ¼ҹˣǷֱһµġҲǵĶǿңλҲûа취أ
ˣ׾ͱЮˡУƽе㲻á
ȻᡮסЮҲ޷ԡֵվţζɺںҲһԭʵ
ˣɲܡɫû˵Ź¡Ŭ
ƽȴҪ˵꣺һȣŹˣҽõƽּҾʹδ常ԣǼˣ˼ڴֵжϳȫķ̡ˣѾ¶ģЩ⣬㲻ڶǣֻҪ常˵ĽǶȼɡ
ԾԿŹ¡ĸ˼άǶûˡ
ټϺһĬƽ֚㣬жϡ
μӹڽ棬ııźͺﳤףδʲôֻ֪ϡʤľŹ¡ǰʾǣǸֵƷζ
ﰲһһԡȮԾӣȫκ˼߼װȫκ˼
լſΪóκʮӴ汣ֲ¶ĵġسαģܴһʱ޷ָò念ʱ𰲸ЩͶ֯ˮڡ
΢˼һǰ̧ۿȥŹ¡ƽȻɫ죬һõشӡ
״΢Цһ£ݵض˿ڵڣƻλҲ޷ʱǰ֪֮ΪҪҳ˰ͨ𣿡
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⣬ҳ˰ǲġ׷ʣűʾأݣļƲߣֻǲ֪Ʋ߻жٺ
˵ĻĿǰΪֹǸļƲߡɹʹϣǺɵ㣬ÿɵ׷ȥԵú״ϵǩֵ֣ķʽˡǿⰲŵģǿɲ̫ס
˳˼·ҲҪթ֮ƣȸһЩСͷΣؼһϣҾҲǱȽϸļƲˣҪϵӲ㡣
δǼƲߵȫò˼ҲȻڵ˵ԤϵСļƲߣõ˵ġšõ˵ġšҲóӶգѾﵽذɡ
˵ѾЩˡ
Ź¡һҪʣֲ֪ʲôƽǷƣֻ˼
ƽ֚һ٣ɫʵҵļƻһֱûбǾԲӦ䣬ԴƶԿı˵
ֳž䣬ָϵͼĳͬʱһİ֡
ĹһС壬ǰδھӡ
ͬʱ˳һ䣺ûעˣѵλûע⵽ҵ߶ӳдһþûţǶû֣ƻʮ˳


ʮ 
սߣҲһٶ˥ߡ
óȥֹ֮չȻ·
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ΨһԼֱ챾нмСΧĸĸĹ涨ٺ»ͳꡢΪλţũ롱ְҵʿһ֯й̶ˡԾӵսδʲôܴǿϵĿɿԡ
ƽּҵ챾ûȷü°ӡķȣȴСʱ޹뿪󡱵ԼĿฺӣá
ͨһηǷãԼʮĵĵĳ̶ȡֻҪʿòֵΪôһջðգƵ𽥶ž
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ȻҲɵûѡڰլſ˵ĵ£ܵȥаŮƽ֚˶ȴûֹܣǱܳΪܺƽ塣һʱ·Ĵ򣬶޷״̬
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ΪսԶԶû
־֪ǡׯؾȻźڵΣһʱỹڶҪʱΧȥǣ⡣
ʤ£ԭĴҲͬȻ緢оţȴ޶
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һǵرֶҲҡԼɥʧأʱԭ͵ϮǺã
ǿһǣõǼѪȥ°һάֽϸߵʿ
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ƽ־ȵ˶࣬ȫսжռȻôһǼ䲻ɿġ
ǣƽ֚ȻףΪΪӦȸоزԭ
ԭ쵽˺գֲ뿪ĻǵҲûʲôã£·Ҫƽˡ
ԷΪ͹ϵƣأ
һǵԶӦ͹ԼĵˣҲûҪ߹ǡ
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ǰ˻װŴ綼ԵúܺᣬóôǱȥҲҪ΢һЩΪȣһ̣ҲֻǺЦЦ°ݴͬһ˷֣ȷʵйܷաټ֪֮ײƽּˣʶ֮󣬽ɱǰΪЧˡ
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óȴһʵǷӦҪΪصԼԼʵϣֻǽΨ˫ʵܾһС㱾ҰĹ׳Ƿ㹻ȥأ
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ƽ֚㲻ɵñʾһʼ棬ҲͲ˷ôʱˡ
óЦոԪĳÿɲһƽ˾ְģγѾ˺ܴ󹦷ȥԭ򣬶ʱҲûȥˡ
ԭˡƽ֚ͷɫȻȻ˵ԼֻǽõֻʵôֺαҪأҰǴԭʲôôأ
ԭĺôó̹Ȼ֮һڻüҵؾģΪԭҲĹȡþ޴ԴĻ֯ҵʱ˫ƾ£ֱȡ¶ٵ̣ҪǵԼá
Ǻǡƽ֚Դ˲ת˻⣺ⷽҲżһ£˫￪ʼ
˽⣬˽⡣óͷѾְȨΧڣռ˲鱨ܣ춼˹ϣܰæ
ˡƽ֚һ䣬ɫ䣬״ʵܷΪҽԭΪʲô⵭·֮Χ
˲ԡһֱд˵ԭҾ·Ϊڲȹ̡ϲڷ׷óȻԼԹԺܶ࣬ʿ䡭
ԣͼüһڣſսˡΪǼһʱԭ
Ϊ˲ϧüơ


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ΪһӢĴ·óΪƽ֚ǰ޷֪鱨Ȼδʵó
ṩϢĿģȻߴѸԭսƽ֚Դ˱̸ܶ˵·Ҳò
ӵϽҲڵ·δƽ£ȥĹԭ
ԽֱˣʵȻƽһְֵ֧լҵĹȴһ¾ʤ﷢һšóʹ״ϧҲŵ֪£޷ǰ鷳
ĸе൱ʹ
ΪԽֱѡ˹ƽ־ԣǾ͵鱨ʧȥֵˡӦܻȡεġ
ͺԭ˵õļǱĹƱһҹ֮ͱɷֽһ
ƽ֚ѾʧȥʱЧĳ鱨ȴȤ׷ʵ˵Խֱһ¾ͻʤǷţ˭еڽʲô
һ˲£ۼǧĺ壬Ȼֵӵģ˵αбҪо
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ףɫʾһ̷ıñʼ»еϸڣºپʵ֤Ͷߵĳ洦
ſʼ˼⼸仰
նԷ˵Խֱ̬Ǽüңĳˣ˭Ȩӵ˭
׵ʧ߼ǽͲͨġλι̵״ҳԲֻڼ壬Ȩйһ¥ӦҺøţȶ潻ϵֻᱻ·ȨƷ
ڣͼȨһڣͶԴԽֱûչ¶κʴȣǽԭһԳ
ԽֱԵȷʵûʲô˽Ƶġѵһüرĸ飿ƽյʵڿ˵װԹʵĹһ̴塭Ҳеˡ
ҳͨķǶԡءָ͡еģԾܷãȴʹ֯
ù˵ǹˣܻãһµǹûаȫУҲ⡣վڴĽǶȽĳЩȲϱձ൱ڻңֲʵũʵ˺ΪѰֻȥˡ
Щ˼ښֻתһ˲Ѹٽҹȥʵ˴Խֱ֮⣬иѴﳤˣҲټǵֿҾǺأ
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ƽ֚ϸŶԷݣ˼еαͬʱҲɻ
Ѵﳤ˲Ӧ취ҿɽѰȡլҵİ취Ϊʲôȫûͬ֯Һ͹أ
ǵжЧ´Խֱģôպ֯׹ҲǴԽֱģѴﳤ̫ջ
ֻܽΪѾҺ˱Ŀɽ
ǚʣǷԭʲôЭأ
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ղŵǸСС̽ԷжϹ̣㲢ȫͬյĽǿ׵ġ
ԭôѴﳤϵıʲô
ʱóֲǰ˵һЩëҹ˿δõ֤ݣ֪ѴﳤǷС
ëң
ƽ֚ʱûȻʡ
֯ëˣԿáϡǣȻСЮڼ䡣֮Ӧû֧ԮʵȻûô򵥣ʱӦվȫֿ⡣
ôѴﳤ氵Ͷëң˿Ϊʲôأʲô뷨ʲôõĵط
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һΣȷʵ԰ձŵ˼·ȥˡ
ѴﳤǲͶëң·ж˲УʵҪδлҪ
Ƭ֮óԣ̽Կ˵Щ֮⣬˻˰᪵Ľԭľáܹһٽƻƣǵ·ϵߣҲ޷ֻǽѢ֮ˡ
ƽ֚·ͷĿĺ֮ǲеĿġ
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㲻ݸ¾ôϣ˵㣬Ĺ𣿡
ʲ˫;УΪĻָػûʲôݵʿûбҪ̫ò䡰¡Դŷ̵˼ЦһΪڶϧео
óȴֻףش˵ڽܳ󣬹粢ĹµĺȪ
װƵ̬Ӧȥʮؽ˵ʵԭѾڹȻز켺ֲˡ֮ǰ᪵˰ϽףܱءǰͼӳΪüسځӡġ¼ʽ޷ǾǴȨǰ׼
ԭԶݣʵݴˣͣ׼䴫ǡţԭԴ˺ԹֱǶҵĹȻ衣Щ飬ȥĹκһ򣬶ܴõ
⣬ԭһὫϣʱԴΪڷʩҲƿüҵǰɡ٣Ϸ֧ü̧ơ
ҵһܵĴ˵ˡ
ⷬԭֱǷҵȨûʽλ֮⣬¶ˡ
ƽ֚ȴǽŽɡ
ǰ˵֣Ǵʱ״δؾǰػģһ֮ʡںɫţֵ
ĿǰΨһȷŵǣһڴܵ˺ĴڲϧˣҲҪɵԭ
Ҳֲˣ˭óȨʱ̫ԵأĹ˿ǱȺүڵùҡ
ⷬʵӦ÷⣬ԭĹǲģǺܵģĸֶλҲ˽֮ǿ˼Ȩ
ԭչȭŵĽ׶ΣҲĽ׶ΡٽȥͻῪʼתĹͻӭԭΪºĵʱ
βûôһڿܻὥżúƽ֚ҲʧȥõŵĻᡣ
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ЩϢĿŶȻǴɡóǰ·һжͷҲδؿס
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֯ȻҴҵ󣬵ĿҲࡣǡ൳ĿǰҪǣڿԤδﻹг֡Ըµλá
еɽΪһʷߺϷңļȫûжԴ˵ӡ󣬲֪
ֻƾԼҪøණͱЩԡ
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ǶԷΪֹǳϵİԭ򾿾ڣǚּġ
Ҳǵ˷Ϊʱˡ
ףз˵·Ҫ
ôɲһҪĵطأ
ƽ֚Ŀ˼һߵеķǰ棬ĹĵͼͻȻʵ˵ȻԼɳ˾ۣʿ䣬Թصһ㣬ϸʲôľơ


ʮ ëҵӰ
ƽ֚ͷȨϵʼת
йѴﳤķҪɱŸ
óҪϸĹرʤؼţһ˿һҲ©ʱĴ֮ṩʮ;˵ĶϢƶЩ׽ӰĲ²߼ëƤ񣬵Ҫ޾ϸؼء
ͬʱլſԼͶĵ·壬ҪӪеһƧ֮ܽԶѴﳤ˵˽⡣Ȼ߸Ϊھ˵Ļ̫ˣĿǰûרҵԱһнɱƾжɸѡ
ߣʱЯҪҪ˲һ飬ëֱӻӼȫȻռȶʽϱҪıעܳΪȶԡл֯ڲἰ⽻鱻ųתҲƽּߵͶɹ
֣ȻҪԴҺƽ֚һʮ˵ӱʣ飩Ŷӡ
ǰҳӵĴڱҪԡʮˣųԵĹģˡֱƽ֚ˡӡǩ˰Ļᡱ״֮־һҲӴˣ𽥾ò
ŶҲٴˡҪʶĶ֣Ҫαɿڱʱ治̫ҡЩƽ֚ͨиʿŹ£ѡ˶ٿ֮ˣд󲿷ֶ˸ǵ赶Ūǹ֮Ϊ״ͷͷ֮Ļ١Ը鱾ܶõˣֻ֮һ
һӺ÷Уƽ֚㲢̫Ըڽ뵽ĵطҲֻǱֺϵ
ĹϵĽ裬һǧĴ⣬áʱֻʮˡ߶ˡ
վһҹķսԭô۵СƬƴԴжϣѴﳤˣȷпѾëͷ˹ëиߵС紨¡ǿǸĵרң
ǵȫ̶Ҫڲ֯˺Լ£ᵭ·ĿȨ
֪һƽ֚սʧ˻غȪʱԭҲȻԪҪëô˻ᣬӺ·Ⱦָ·֧Ѵﳤͷȡңص·ˮЧҵʱκë
ĹǱñ˽ԭˡԭ˵֮УҸôĻϲΧߡ
ƽֵãսɥʦҲʧһЩųȻԻĻᡣԭҪһ죬ᱻҰĲ֮ԸĨ
·ΧĲԶƽ־ǳٳ²ġ
֯ҵŷʽëֲַ˵սȻܵ˻ӭͳҲԲȶ֯˾볯͢ĻϵУд֡
˫ȻѣȴֻһʱȨ֮ưˣ˽µһ㶼١
絤ԵʱԪžɨ൳ܵһ֯ռҰɽëȴ˵ķ֮أȻƿߣ
ƽ֚ҲܵԵζˡ
ݸ鱨ܣëҵսԲô³ǰ
ĿǰëҴ·ΪսߣëԪԪڱݶԿѼҺʹڲеĿǸĵĲԪɽᦡѹ۲ŰսӲеоͰɽ¹飩С紨¡ɽڣϡ
ս˼·ȫһ£һǿᣬһΧˣһȡ
С紨¡ǡȡִߡҪԱС֮ڣӦǿУƺܳ
ʵǳսںƽֶţС紨¡һûŰæʱ׼ͷժӣ
ûȷе֤ݣ˼룬ԽԽ²⿿ס
ƽ֚㵱ȻëԸҲܹȻ˺档ηǺܸߵģֻȡɵİ취
Κ㱾δԣžײˣ°ݣԵѴﳤĿ⣬С紨޳Ī۰ȻܻͨԸơ
ǰϸ˵ɰнһëľ죬ͬʱɴֻؿӪëԮǰļ롣ѴﳤС紨֮Ҳʲô꣬״һỳǷëҷĶҡ±ˡ
飬ëԪͿǰƵģǰЩźнɽͽǳ⣬ֽ䰵ɱջءǰС紨ҵϴҶǱúɱɡ
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ƽ֚Ʋߣȵͷʣз򣬱׷ëδ֮κΣ
Ȼ󱾶гػش˵ΪʹߣǰС紨ԮԷϲЩбίߣʱٻӣͲ׷ֱˡ˳Ҳ̽ѴﳤǷͨë
˼ȻӦʡ
벻Ȳ˵һ棬걾Ϊʹ߼һ㣬֮ĽȥС紨¡򽻵һЩɳġ

߱ŵʱƽ֚㲢ôġΪ˼Ƶ죬Ҳǰԭĵ·յøһˣֹֻԶ档ëҳ˶ѴﳤԵ֮⣬˵ʲôûͶ룬ѹκηա
ͬʱһسﳤףҲҹæµĿǣǰ˸ƾӪʴѵӣǿͣʵ
ȻҶ֪̬㣬ҲǸ߸߾¡ϾСʵ̫ˣôճûӦ֯ϵ̾ûʲôõġ
ЩµʵĿģʵҪȫ£ϿҪ򣬶ͣһ㣡ӲѶץеģҲɱֻӿ
Ǽڣƽ֚ûȨϽԳûּۻѽϾʲôľǮʱ򲻶ԼҶɼսֲ
ڷҲȫŰǡָۡݱǵĲߣһľĺ򱻵ǰ׼ٽһվѲǰչ
һƬ֮У˶֪·ˣ󲿷ֽʿΪҪǿ־֪ǻׯǡѹһµƽʮ˷ܣĦԾԾԣս֮Ա
ȻעҪʧˡζԱӣֻΪƣϱŵĹ֮ʹáʱбҪҲʵ䣬жǼƲΪṩ˶նᡣ
ǽ·֮ԤȰһشľж
Ҳͬʲôģսǲʵҵ
ƽ֚㶢ϵ᪹ó͹鱨ĺ嶼ȥʤǣڵũæкܴԹԵģʶʿ䣬սĶҡٲȻǸȼĻҩͰ
һ֧ӳ᪣Ϳգƻ̬ЩҵĽʿôأ񲻾൱
ʱԭα붯뿪ʤǣ޷ǽ
˵˽ᱻ½ƽ־ݴ͡һ˵õǰҲ˲ռ䡣
ԭе©
Ȼ©Ҳǹµġ
᪺ǵԹԲһģһڵĵҲһģ鶼ֻܿһյĹơ
ƽ֚ȻһδѹֶΣ֤
˵½᪵˼·ǺܼģΨһǵǽѡ


ʮ Ť뽵
ӵ·С紨ҵ¸ǣߺ·ԼǰʮһٹĿ촬ԳϦһվء
Ϊʹܵ˸߶С紨¡֪Ƿܿƽֵ⣬һڴӦæҪسƽˮʤˣǧ޳ǰԮҪκλر
ơδСټӡѵʿ䣬ٵﱸźڡǰ񣬾ԲʲôʱܳС紨¡ǲһ׼ŵġ
һ˳ƷƼȣڵȰסգ¡
űֳǿӦܣһ˼ֻҪԮտε̬ջһԴǣС紨¡ǿӦһԱС١ճΪ̽սǰڡ
Ȼ޷ģԼսڼʱ򣬰аӵʯţӵŵİʾǱӳǣϢȥ
ʯһֳַӸǿĵԼ񣬳ʱ͵ëڻŪƽʤ˰ĿǺ״ŵһСص·
ƽ֚Ϊֳѹɵ̬鱾Ҫġ
ű챾Ǹͷ棬ĵؾëţ־֪ٲ·߾ڸԶĵطҡľӪկأӪԮǰļ
ôԶϵĶҲ֪ѴﳤʲôӦ
ƽ֚Ч̫⣬̫ɵķգֿ̫ܱԣеķִ粻ðաзֻʶĺ壬һںҲѾ㹻ǶסӣӪ̣ݴ͡
һҹԺ󣬹컯֮£־֪ĴŻһСĽǶȣȻһʿӷ϶ϡ
ʿУطճţ˫־𴿰ɫģһߺšƽּˣһԼСĲǰŲ
һ߼ٺһ߼˷ӵĹֻ߳ٲǰűǾӪﴫһ߳ȣ
ֹ
ʿʮԹվԭأ˿ֻ˫Ȼ߹ͷŰ죬ҷ¡
ãƽ־ӪӱῪդʻһԱｫ
˿Ÿͷɫӵ裬⸲ǳɫ֯ͷװµŵźˮţƤɶʮǹȻӪгɫĿˣֺ
⻹ʮᣬźɫɫ£ųзǰִҰ̫ǰ˳SԺٴ᳤ǹУչ
ʿϽҪڣȴƾʡ
ҫｫȻʣƽֶּ֮Ҳˣк£
ɡѡԽ֮ҳҰڲؽ顭
ʿ˵廰°űϼţҪ½ȴֻƽ¶мЦϣˮԳʲôԽءֱЦ󷽣
⣬㣡ˡҡҰڲؽŭֲŭ״Ρ
ƽȴźȵǰ常ζлϣ̶һۡҾսȴֲӦǺε
ҰڲؽȻƬ̣ǫ״Ƶƽּ콵ҵ赲˵ģΪ뽵
˵뽵ΪβѴﳤˣƽΪ֮г⣬Լǰ㲻˵ˣ´ֻԵʻ
漴һŤתͷﳤӪȥ
һ̳֮ҰڲؽĿɿڴٸϣȴֻʣǰɫƣ룬ַڵϡ
ǳ鶯£İ죬һ·Сܹȥ

λұֵûɣȥݸܾ磬Ҳûʲô⡣صӪƽ˸硣
Ȼ˰լſԷԲԵ˵һ䡰ȷʵʡ֮⣬˶εŤͷȥֻû
ιιǡ۹⡣ƽװǰİլſļֵ֮ܡ
լſʶӣһ˿ܺͲ֮⡣Ҳû㣬ǿЦŽƽ⡣
Ҫ˵Щʲôʱ⴫ٵĽŲݾƽּҲڵľ㳤ǰͨλˣ¼ݵ
ǸæԷõλ
ƽ֚㾭һγҹֻ֮һʱľƽŵʱԵºܺãƽ濪˸ЦȻ˸ղŵĶ
ԭǣһôͬһ𣿡
Դ˰լſе㵣Ĳ֪˵ʲôƽȴЦظ͵լųѧʶԨֱɿȷʵʦѰ
Ѿ˵ˣլſȻǫ̃ҲֻЦŵͷ
ޡƽ֚üһȻͶԽ׼Σ˵լиѾӵĽ㣬귽ʮţǰŻûʱգұս⡭
ϲ̬ǹأլ֮潫֮ŮҲ
Ŀ㼯ڰլſϡ
ƽ֚㻹صز˵²ɼУҪŮҳȥϸ֮ٸҲΪ١
լſȻЩʵϣһҲڿߡƽ֚ʾ·֮Ϊս½Ͼûִ鸽ߵĴ⣬Ի˽°š
ţǱȽϸӵġڶ׵ĶΣլſûôԥݷǼҽ䣬ǾͶл˳ȫˡ
أƽˬʴЦϲԽ״ԺǱֵܣɼɡ
ˡʱլſûִ̫˼ϲ֮ɫռϷ硣
Ƕ·𣬳֮˰ɣ
ļҳ׷׿ʼƽ֚㡢ƽ桢լſףأ
ϲ/ɾԵ
ϲӭȢż
ϲլҵô

һʱϲ磬ƺս¡
ֱ˴Ϣ˵ѴﳤδԳ뽵д˷ţù
״ɵÿڣƲЧѴﳤѾ˼ҡΪǡ˱ѪУһǡ
ƽ֚ȴҡҡͷɹֹۡҿһ̰ĲСЩſͶ
˵űǷţݲһģüǷЦݡ
ŵȥڳ˴ġ
Ȼ˵ɫЦ߱ġ
ΪѴﳤȻŵһͷ˵ˮԶڰլ֮ϣԼҪƽּҵˮ󽫡
ֻˣȻЩ޴ҲʧΪһӲ̵ĺˡֽĿڣ˵㵱ˮ󽫣ҲǸ۷УͳϽĵΡ
׼ˣȻ
дĩβһٱھ˵õλö齵Ҳĸʣֻ
дѴﳤĲžߵԷӣ˵ʧ
Դƽ²˵Ҳ˵ѾͶˣֻּۻۡòʲô룬ͬԸ顯֮ĻҲû˵ʲôּۻ۵ʱ
ͶʵûʲôϾĶҡΪëҷʵ̫ࡣŤŤ̬ͺܿЦˡ
ѴﳤĺָȷʵǿͷԼֱ⵽Ըӡ⸱Ϊǵţ˱¶֮⻹ʲôã
ƽ֚ȴûиһЦϵ֯Ҵȱ߹ٺ»λӣֻ˸ˣתǹڣ´Խֱõʲô͸񣬾Ϳһ̴ˣ


ڶʮ 
ղƽ֚ûиκʵԵİͽҲŵֻҪΪȷ湥´ԽֱׯǣһԺ͡
ñͶѴﳤ鸴ӣ˷ܡ
˵Ǻò׹һԼĴΪӭɻڴĺûᡣ˲Żô๤˵ҺһжС紨¡ԼǷأȴëҵĺԷȡô˵֮ϱ˳£ȡԭİլϣΪ·ˮͷ
㲻㣬̬չȫ⡣
ɹۼǧˣǧһӿ֮ȴֱ˴˶ûʳ־˺üʱ䣬˰ǰʱϲɹϵʶƽּҵļı
·ˮĹսʱÿÿҪ쵽ϰףԼ900ˣߺϰףԼ1170ˣһԼ1435ˣ԰ȻûָˣǧһվǶʮʯ׻ʮʯİʯ׼һǧʯ󣬼Ҳ˲¡
ѴﳤȻҲ֪Ҫԣͼ˵ҺͷĿϵپӦڳŵøһЩ
ϾũһֻĺڶͦʿǷҲùˣһǵôòſس𣿾Ҫսһ󣬵ʱٰķžͺá
ŸոճԵ⵽ڿһʵļơ
ҵĻ硣
ЦҴһ޷ģôûӰӣȽ˰
ƣҪټȥ͵ɢѴﳤֻĵװȺƥĿ⣬ԣʲôûҰʵĴȥƻĸݡ
ĸ£ȻҲ࣬ôŶܵȵ˵õС紨¡˰ɣԿҲ޷Ǻ㶼
Ӱ조Žᡱǵһ¡
ëҵĳҰеʱͿˡ
ֱ˵ڻˣë϶Ǹı˷ԣ˵·ֻǲ֪֯ʲôཻס
·ѼұڻҲǵһˣԴ˿ɲİ껹ϸ֧ڰȨʱ򣬾⵽ϼͬųʱûƣҪôڻôҵء
һ⣬ճԿĶǺˣѴﳤ˳˼
ƺԼؿڵĺ
ġ
Ĳġ
ʹĲġ
İʵڲģ
ãԳƣԭˣ·ˮϣԵһΪվζӣ䵽լҺȥĳ̶ȡ
׳־δ죬Ү
鷿Ǳǻ۵ġˮҪԡŸոд˸ٰ
ԼµҺͷĿôûôûʲô쳣ֹǴյһ飬ܹʡˣԽأѴﳤԳƣָһɣ
˵õòȺԿ˲ΡòһʵʵĶѹƲסˡ
Ҳûмҳƽ֚ĹƣżȻ֮࣬Ѵﳤܲ˵
ţʲôȥ˵أǿտƾ
Ϊ˲ñȣʧɴԴͷͶ֯ˡ̲סƽ֚д˷ţãΪƽ͵̬ľֵ֣ԼĲܣȡլſСԸ
յĴǡתǹڣ´Խֱõʲô͸񣬾һ̴Ρ
˵ƽ֚ҲôѼˮսĸüȺʵ֮һ·ɫ
ѴﳤԴʧ
һ棬ڵõһΣսȡĻᣬٱЩࡢɵıǣˣ
һе˷ܡ
Ѿкö꣬սϲҴţӦˣΨԼСӶɨʱ򣬲ŵԾ鷢ӡ
һ·ͷլȻ֪ȺǳǡʽѴﳤȴһ۾ͿһǸ۸αӡԸԸЧ
լҲûжԴͽ䣬ɼ飬һͲúʲôֶΡ
Ȼûȷʵ֤ݣŻ˵úã˴֮оܶһУҪ֤
լó촦ˣֹҧǴġ
ȻеΣˮսǹǣôҲǸᣬҪ˿Ѽҵľ֮
ѴﳤһӵʱƽԹʼо˼Խֱİ취
ڼҪͬսѹȫûеġ
ҿΪáˮս֮ŵİһ̰űʵ𡣿ҴԽֱһҲͿ˳ˡ

־֪ǵׯǣֻ幫·ܵһ·ǧǧಽʱѴﳤѾ˼·
թû׵ġլѼҺʹԽҸԷչһˣҲֻжӵİլſ֪ȫûλ
ǿѡǧں֮ڵʿɲôǧȻҲʱƴգռŵơҴԽֱǼһһϧý˲ʺϷصںӲ
ŸܡƴĳǣôأûʲôҰǣҹҲúܡ
չ֮Ҫʵ档ȻҲǽڶׯڲĳ˽档
Ѵﳤǡ÷˵·ڵгĿ
ĽֵεҰڲؽ飬ԸһȻټĴСͷĿǣʼսǰİŹ
˵ҾƵʿʮֵģѼҵֱҲô
Щ²ĸɲûŪΪʲôôͻȻֻ˳ŴϡͿعˡ
ѴﳤҪԴ͡
롰ϵˡ򽻵ʱڹĶȴһ֡
һԣ֮Էëѡ֯Ϊҷ֣֯ǮëǮö࣡رǽƽ֚㣬֯еǮˣ
ȫƹ˹ؼϸڣؾᣬ˵úȨһֱԼһýǮͱʷԭҲǵ
и̲סʣëʯɽ𣿡
ûѴﳤ͵صͷǰ˵ļϸֳŵ΢ЦǿҪ֪ɽڳӵٶȣɸϲ׬ģƽ֚Դӵ˺ȪֶβһûʮҲаᣡ֯ų͸Ҫ˵ˣ־ĦľŹˮ֪ԭʲôˣȫ֯ǮڡԶԣǾŹ¡֮ǰһȹš
ǰǵԵѴﳤһϹʵ֮ǰƽ֚Ѿϵˣһǧᶨһǧţⶨºö٣
£һ꺣ɣôȫû˵
ȷʵѴﳤߺ֮ɫԭǣǮԽֱ쵰ˣƵڣûǮׯأ


ڶʮһ 
ׯڵ·Ǹࡣ
˳ǲûľݵٺȻҲͷǽڵΨһһ·е㸽ΪԽֱ˲統ϸϵı٣ܷׯ԰ΪҵģʱǨ˳Ŵƣ뵽լˮеС
ΧжĳСܥûˮֻ𵽼ͻáȻѳɵĵػбʮಽ¶һ㡣ǽǺľƴƳɵģǿпɣûסּ֣ٲңÿ㣬һᰲŶʮ֧פء
򵥷Ϊ衱֮͡衱㣬踴˳ס顢ʴȶܣȫڶ֮档
ΪսѣѴﳤԴԽֱǵ΢ĩñֶΣȻĵġ
ǺխɽȣʮֶͣͨУһ򵱹Īĵơһ̹;ʲôǷڼб޷ڻǱ
ƽ֚纣·Ȼ޷Я͹Ǵ֮еôʱҲռ˲ľģդ塢ǰ߿ɰƽܥԫƣ
ôһȻҲ˷ѡ
Ѵﳤ򵥵˰֮ҺֱӲԼֵܣš
ҲΨһҪֵķ
սǰġĶǧ˵ʿָȻһ㹻ǿͻ
ѴﳤˡżУźصһȳǰ棬ͬʱҸҳ壡´ԽֱǮŮ˵ʱˣ
Ļ飬ҳ塱ʵʵġڰȫľž˵ҳ塱ȫһ顣
ˣۿĽŲһ㶼ԥɵ˼ظȥյϰߣ
ǶһͬսŶĬΡЩѴﳤһֻƻĺսϣܴʤǰܣܻĽ˵սҲʿｨ˼ߵ
Ҫͣʽң˾ۼСӣ˴˼䱣һľ룬ÿǲֻġ
ҲһסˣĶһɱȥô˵ҲЩѪ֮ͽԸսҲ
ʮ֮ѴﳤͻȻ͵ػһ֣һͣ֡ڵϣŵ
˲ԼͬͬʱƵĶ𱣻ͬʿվֵ࣬ķӦˣҲڼ˽ࡣ
̶ʹӳǵķ򣬴˷ڿ͹Ʒ
ĵʸ缱һб䵽ߵͷϡ˺󷽵ɽС֮⣬涼ҽе
ֻһ˲䣬нٸǵʿ䱻ᴩ塣òױĶĹΪ֮һ
Ѵﳤ޶ҡ
ŶĻᣬѾףȻжǧں֮ڣд󲿷ֻľСٹ߼ʵڣԶ첻ʲôвġҲֻдԽֱֲñıŻ
ΨдԽֱǼһصڶ֧ԼǿĹҪ
ķչǰԤȫǺϡ
ʶʹӦԷʽȡ˺ܺõЧһۻӹȥԼҶɹҲʵĿֻʮˡ
ȻװǺ鷳ģҲҪһ
ᣬѴﳤý籪ӵһԾ𣬴ͷų̹ȥ
ų壡ǲҪţ̧ļһ
ѴﳤĿڲһôãյʵΪ֤Ļŷġ
սǰӼѡͻӣһǷ飬ѾˡʱһʮҲʼ֡ڻ׷乭һಽλ÷𷴻
ϣھӸ£ٻôһ׼ͷҪɱ˵ؾʵǿˡѼҵĹôһʮ֧ʸҲֻʮ֮һܸǵԤĿ꣬Ҫ˺ˡ
ҲһùñҪһغȴҲ˿Ӱ첻˴֡
һֻΪڻѡ
˷֧ͷͲ෽ӹʶжͷġȱѵȵӱҲڴˡ
Խֱ˶ڼ֮⣬Ǹս´Ҳôҵľ񣬵ټĶǧӱνȱȽǡ
ͬʱѴﳤһͻ嵽ԼʮķΧ
ؾȻȺҪļһֻǼеľӢڱװǽӱǣܵʸѹӰ죬ʶضΣʧȥ׼ͷ
ʱ򣬳ǰѴﳤʼԷŻٶȣŲƫת򣬼̶˳ŹԣֱΪߣԭתһȦеͶ˳ȥ
ûгֵҲûǹǴһ
һװҩܷչޣ滹ϵһӣǺƥ˶תܹչӳȥ
ˮսгõν񡱡
ѴﳤıڿлһĻߣǡôƹ˳ţֱźؾ˶
䡱һҩըһŨܵĺɫ

źĲҽУѴﳤ·ܿѪģĳð
ͬʱһʮһʮܥԫѹûǳأٶʮչ޴ƫû˵˺ͳţֻǼһЩ΢С硣
߷ôЧҵǱͷϡ

Ѽҵĵڶʿ·յָʾҲʼͬʱǰơǴԿԽܥԫľդ
֮䣬ѴﳤԴӵⲨƣȡ˼ĽչһƳŵ˼
һʮаеı񣬲ܶԱǽɶЧɱˡ졢Ũ̡ϵùǵĲҽУӱǵʿҡ
侲
Ͻ
ҡ
ŭ쳹
һըˣŲʿŻĺӣնΣԴӳ⡣
ͬʱһԮʿӱɱӹŵķ
ֱ棬Ѵﳤ֪ǰûɶõǳԴԽֱΨһŭȣ徭
ȻǡԽһΨһսλҲֻıˡҳҲôһλ
طס֮˳⹭ֵǵѹƣʼһ
ʱҲװˡ
ͶǣԴںεؿտشõİӡ
ǽмʵе㱾ĩãѹ̧ľդƽĺǸؼͽҪ¡ղŵı˳ǱˣԻӱǶڳǽİȫУԱסʿ
Ѵﳤٴ֧ں档˶Ŷʮɡ
ֻſڵϣҪС
һǹͼϴ
ٶʮḻľѴﳤԼһö֧ʸ۵̧ˡ
ʹʹʧȴģסⲨ֮󣬵ڶĹǱɱˡǻľդܥԫϣʹãеǳǹ
Ȼڻ½ԮܵöͶȥ׼һ֡
Ѵﳤȡһչޣһֻ֣һ˶ѡ
һεľ졢Ũ̡⡣
вҽˣֻͳһ
һʮ֧û׵ļʸǲطκηӦüëһ¡
ܷ˷ԱܣգͽĹŵϱȻղЩֻӲӱȻͬ


ڶʮ ·
լſ̳丸ĵ·֮λĺֻ֮һսǿѴﳤԵõĴԽֱɡǰŲȴǰԽϵüҡ
ѼһʹԽһһĶԾԱԽ
սʱ򣬲ҲڷսƽսѼһĸҪǿԽһгǽڻҲ˸൱
Ȼǽϵˮƽµ൱֮Ѫսͬն
ܼƲ˵ĵ·ϣùѪĲһȻд󲿷ֶӲĺս֮ࡣ
ˮƽսδؾСˡǹȻŴϼѹҲи߳ıɡ
ѴﳤˡѾˣÿζܿҪƤֻʹȴҪģȻվǰ߶ս
ɣģǵҵױ
Ž飡Ѿ𣿰ҵĽȥ
ţڸʲôأսϿɲ񣡡

ÿһ׼ȷʿ֣ͻõ˵ʿǼ֣ηǰ档
ѴﳤƻȺдƶʿԼֲоѻĻᡣӣͶһö񵽳ҵüرѳѬͨڣҡҡ׹
ʮľ룬УѴﳤ˵Ҳǳˡǵˣ˿ںƣͶۻһ̶ȣһʵûаաӢľ鲻ظˡ
Ҫ˵ָӡʵҲûʲôָӵġ湥ǣȱеϸ֮⣬أ
ľդԫܥϣγݽṹѼѹ׵߰˶˳ݶǿǡ˼еڱ֮⣬󲿷˶ѾСΧʩչĹϵͶǹխĳͷⲫ
е˳ʮ֮Ҳʱ޷ټʹˡ
ĹѹҲѾˣĳԻڼʼû𵽾ԵáϾѴﳤٷеͶʵϡ١
ǽߣԫ¶ҲͣسǾλһЩƵģ˫վƽأܺޱطʿҪʹϾ
һĨƽ˫ϵĲࡣѼҾʼղɱڣԽҲ޷Ǹ

һۿҪͻǽϣȴֱSĺͷĿ·ͻȻȡ˲֪һԲ˫ۣӵǰĵһԾڣΧĹħ裬ſˣڱü֧ìһ붤ڵϣûϢ
һռ䣬ǿѼʿ伸ͬʱ˽໥űսţ򸽽طҹƵʮ޷ۿҪڳͷվסŸ
ʱšȥĴ߰ʿͻһײŵͼܱ
ǰͷļ˺صһγҲҪʱ䣬ʣ༸˾ͳᣬǰ˹ȥŵзһ³ͷȫڵ
бϹ£ˤˤΣ뿪ǽؾͱһӵϣѪģ顣
ͷʱסˡ
ͬ飬ͬĳϵطѴﳤԼɵɱҲƺֻһ³ͷǳٳٲɶѵʬ壬Ѫ֫ϵƮẓ́һӽıӣһڵĲ
ŨѪȣʵһ˿屻Ĺ֯һƬƻã;Ļ
Ѿӽ֮һȴԾսˣʱӹɵǿˡȻǿҲ͸֧ʿս⣬ȥȿһǹ
ĴҪսϣҲһȴԣһ֮ͿʼȻҲûнӽǽ
Χ߶Ѵﳤ͡

ʮ1.5Ӫڣƽ֚µĽǣڸ̨ϣԶtơ
ս鷢չ̨ϵҲʱ档Ѵﳤ˵ۣڶ̶̲һʱ֮ڣ˵ߵԵķתӲмɹĿ࿴
ǼսǣۿŹһ׳ʼϧ
ˣľʵڲãҾӢô˿Ԯͻɰһ³ǣ
Ѿȫ̲סսˣƽҲչ¶Ƶ˼һС˵ﰲԾԾԵӡ
Ѫͻ棬ʼܼԭʼﰡ
ƽ֚㶼һ㴥ңʮǰڵԭԡѪս¡˲ͬǣжȫᱻһ˿ͻҡ
Ŀǰ棬ȷʵ֤ѴﳤĲŻˡ˶δԵÿϧһ棬ôһ³ڵֲÿƵˣҪҪɴ󻼣
һʱԥδϣȴӾƬ﷢֣湥ǵĲӺԥȫ߳ȥʧȥսĵʿǸظϽת
ĳǺΣյģһ׷ȻܡֻرҲսˣ˿û׷˼
ô£
ƽ֚ĻɻطԶɫһΧžﴫβľ
ϸֱĻƺ˵ʳûˣߡյˣ֮Ļ
پͲ͸Ȼ巢ʲôŨ̹Դ̫ˣʵڷֱ治֡
Ҳżӻ֣ʾ˰ģȴѴﳤ㱨ɡ
ȻֻƬ̣дǰͨѴﳤѾ湥ǣյ˳еݿ⣬Ѿսʤˣ
ˣ
΢ּоһȻľѾɰ̾Ϳ޺ƺ󽫶˹ʿĴ㣬ķɢȫûֹ
ֵȴһ֮սϵ̻ɢ֮ϸѰȷԿʸյرңرͼ𣬵һʱƺԴЧҿЩľڵĳ̶ȣչˡ
״ƽ֚ҲΪ֮ɫ䡣
ǳѪսȻѴﳤ˵ͣҲƽ桢صָȻֵһᣬȴҲδس¡
Ȼ⼤ҵĳ治ڻǱɱﵣֶξЩ֮ˡƽսʱ򣬶ֳҪʮ칦ء
һģƽ֚ļƲߣ˴һ£ȻٳѧõҲܲ
ԴһսۣѴﳤ̵ˮƽϜһ档
ٻһϺ޽ڲٺǻۣ̰޳ֲŵ̬ˣ֮սϵˮγĶԱȡ
ƽ֚㲻ɵø̾øѴﳤνǵ·ϵˣ
һֱļ似֪νġˮжٻѾҪѴƼųȥսߡҸ׷Ī
ҲöˡׯǱ߹ٺ»͡ŵȻ˵⻰ʱ򣬲ָʵ֡ƼųֱǷǳ
ڰȫ⣬Ͳòˡų㶼ε˰νʭ಻ծ಻һըҩ˼ߣҲ


ڶʮ 
˺Ȫ͵·ľβšŨļţƽ֚֮ܽ󣬷ָصĺǣ¿ԷΪࡣ
һ޴־ȱ׷ˣҲ׳沨ǽͷݡⲿûʲôᶨƵĳԶĿ꣬ԴļȨֶҲִޣֻҪֵ׶ˣͻᰲرʾӡ
ӼΪףȱʾӵĺȪھˡǱȽ˳񣬲ΰ̫вӦģս޷ˡ氲լſһ𽵷ĵ·Һࡣ
ڶܲסįȨʢһ˼ˡⲿԼɲҰļң͸ΪҰļҵ߹Ϊ˸߹ٺ»ͶƳͶ뵽ȨƵС
ﰲ·ѴﳤҲࡣǲսĻԺǿһˣ״ҲѷɫȻҳ϶ȻֵûɣʲôʱĴõˣĿԲС
ͱȽˣִڵʵֿۣȨ̵ˡҪ˵Ұģ˼һƵض˼ʮҲţҪ˵ûҰģȴϱϵͳͳΡνʷ£ʷ
Ȫɣ·ĴԽֱǵĵʹǵصǣʼռ֡ΪڸҴ֮䣬ܾκһǹ˺Ѽҳġ
֡ͳļֵܹСˣսʷĳƽṹʻȽʽĲ
Ѿˣʷ
Խֱأ
ׯǵĹƳһʱѴﳤ׷һİĴۣسǾעȫǽʱϤεҰڲؽżװ磬ɽС·ǰµĵǱջֺ͵ҩ⣬ֳŻȫˡ
֮ҲĿɣƤݸ֮ģϿܻ㹻ʮ¡
ʵϾԼֲʱ
ϾĲһҲͲˣѾڼսܴܵʧʣµֻǵӵķ⽨ʱӣϲû塢롢ڽ֮̿ЧֿĻסģĿֻԴȾһӣɵȫʿսġ
ѴﳤĻ˵ǡԽֱǼһ͵ϮĻ˾ͻˮͶɣ
սϵıһķƽ֚ԴԲţҹӭս׼
֮󣬳еĴԽֱԤϵԴͻĶɾ䣬Ȼײһ塣ȴǼ̵դͽǧӺӶӣа֧ڡ
ƴһϮֻǰֵӾͷ׷ӣָӹȫѹסƽ־ڽȺһ㣬ػӵɱ¾ոˮĵһɡ
յ˼پߵ·˵ʬ壬ֻϧڿɼȲѣδȫΧ𣬵зҲӻسڡ
Ҳ޹ؽҪˡ׷µʱѾҺϰ죬šԸƽּ׳˲ź֣Ź糱ˮӿ룬̰ѨҲڲסˡ
ʱʮգƽ֚˵·ϵзܼһǧȴձ˰լſѴﳤǧˣԵ·ȷˡսĿ꣬Ѿɡ

ׯһӦ顢伮졢ӡڡ֮⣬ȡº󲻼׷
Ůף½⣬ȫʹйʿ
Խ弰ҳնףʬʾڡ׶ûأȥ
ƽ֚ϣͷľ䡣СгΪ̵Ĵ
󲿷ʿΪһΪʵϾǹݱ°ӡׯǲǴԽҶľӳǣ־ۼҺѹ׵ĲѹһļֵŮ˺ͯҲǺö׽ȥԼãܶɳƣ𵽺ܺõĻá
ȻҲ˶Դ˲ﳤױ㶼üãûвμӵⳡªĿ񻶵УҲʮǵû顣
ΨһһȰɵǰլſ̶̼Ѿü˵βȷĻˣֻǱ˻Ȼƽ֚Ҳ˿ƽϣ֮ףðլſˡ
һǹ񣬱˵̬Ȼ˵Ѿõѵαɱأ޵һ£Ѱγպ󶨻ѿ·һֱ㹻ˣʵڲ̿һĶң
̶ôһ仰Ϊ˵òˡʵַ˺ü΢Сļɻ䡣
ƽ֚ȫֱӵġƽϣת˻⣺ۿ·ѾƽˣԽʲôأ
⻰еĺ壬Ҫ԰լİˡ
˴£Ȼ˲ˣլſԥƬ̣ǾñҵĴҪˡ塱Ĵ㡣
һݣȻ˵ս꣬ﳼʲô룬ȫƾ˺֯ﵯá
أСгɵƲ졣
ⷢԵ̫ˡ
ʲôСﳼ̬Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ˡ֯͡ﵯ˭ǰ˭ں˽³ҲǸֵÿ⡣
һֻ˵ˣ˿ûἰƽ֚㣬ǰüһ
ǡլҵļ̳ˣȪһʯĹڣһˮƽġ
ȻʯĹڣֻҪκεطв֮ͷȥˡ
լҵļ̳ˣȴĶԴ
ƽ֚һҲû¶֮ɫ˵ͷӦģʵٺòѾϱ֯ﵯ˵⵭·ľƻҪά֣ȪЩˮҲҪָ
⣬лΣլſϲ⣬͵ؿһͷ
ʵϾƽּҵˮ󽫣ͳϽдֻȨʵСǵͶжеúܲ˳֮˶ûܿƵס˴Ϳˡ
լſӼţƽ֚ȻеģܿԼŻġ֪֮֡Ҫúñ
ͻȻüȪĵ±ˣҲսǹ£ܻ᲻̫ķ
լſ֮ҲȷʵڡᶨرʾһӱŬȡΡ
ţͺáƺ̬򶯣üĿеĵֻһֲһ䣺ںȪǧʯӷ⣬ѾӳǰǨΣҲͬǽ
⻰ʮеһǧʯӷ⣬ݾܾˡլſԥ°ݴл˺ͣ½ָʾ
֮뵽ʲôæ̽Եطʣˣ֪Ѵﳤˡ
İɣ΢ЦŰ˰֣ҶаţǶ˾棬εġ


ڶʮ ¤
ׯǵġȡʱ֮ãźͯŮİٽǧ⵽°ӣѪͲк˳ڵÿһ档
ȻпΪΪǱڵ˺ͨǿȡأ˲п顣ƾһʴ֮˳еˣЧҲδػܺãֻܸ
ϾҰҵĺ԰ǣԣİڹȡ
ƽ֚һʱ䣬ȡػصİ취ԸȪ壬һһؽ޷ĵزԴȻվֿĵ·ˣͲôˣˡֻᱻΪһѪ岻ס֮ͽǵġ
˳ַҲǿ˾ӵʿȷʿǿͶ뵽һµսȥʵׯǲôܴӴ˴Ρȡնģֻʮ֮һ˶ˣ˵ǺģֻҪΧһֵ˻룬ԼһҲһߡ
±ˡײʼչӲдգǱ٣һҲֲǡ²ʿβ໥˺ѶԷѪսƷɣܰס֮һĻ
ϲǣζԵҸܶˣʹսҲи
紬ԽֱͱõѺ͵ƽ֚ľȴ̡ɢͷŰ£ûʲôѪۣҾҲһδۡ
ȵǼֱϵᱻնףھٱֿʱ͸еķաĴãԴҲ˾Úʲôп֮
ΨѴﳤܳһ̬˵һԣ˵ԽֱһҪԣֻʱ䣬Ϊмء̸ѡ˻ЩڹҿһΪ֯ﵯĴҵЧ
˶벻
ҪѴﳤܲס̼򣬴ԽֱڰѸأڲܹˣ˼һ𣿼ֱЦԷǡ
ϵǰա·ۣ̾ԯꪡĵʱΪǵܳΧȴ֪ԼͰ˼ҵˣʩûãֽԬ
ƽ֚Ҳһ£ЦѴﳤ˵Ҫ䱾˵뷨ˣȻ飬ҿһ£ԭȫûա
ԭô˴ԽֱһҧԥһշŲ޶ͷƽ֚һݣԵһȵѴﳤʩ񣬱ʾõһȫһתƵ˿լ
ԴԽ̵ֱıȻһ㣬Ǹӡ
ļ˾ûôʶʱˡ˵нڲ٣徭ѴﳤһĭӦҺͳ˸ʷʡƼֻʷѧ߲ܴӹֽҳǵĴڣһ㰮ǲ֪ġ
Ұңڳ֮ǰĵ齵ģԵõƽ֚ĿͷͼûˣҲסһ֣ʮ֮һǶ֮һҪ֡
зȻ͡լſ龡ܰòƯĺսֵŵģΪҲȽϿɿҪǡóֶӡȻõǧʯƾӺȪƽֵˮ󽫡鸽Һ壬ҲԻʯ̶ȵļʽ״һʱûţƽ֚˵飬ֻҪʲôʣҪġ
һε⡣
·ûüֱϽصģȫǶʮҺΡӴԽֱûյأһһǧʯȴһ˰լǧʯķͣй֮ô죿Ѵﳤôƽ֚ԼҲͶɣ
Դƽ֚İǣ˵ˣҼҪ᪸ȥְƽţѴﳤһȥ֯ﵯ
ƽΪֱ֯ģĿǰɾɽˡǰѾųӱʺͲͷҲձΪ̴󽫣Եǰ;
Ѵﳤδ˽Щ飬ƽܡġذһϲʤˣҪǮƨɶֵشӿð
Դ˿۵˸ͷ⣬ƽ֚ʵˣν˵ˡָƽ·֮󣬻ҪĹأ
֮ģʱ
Ե·˳üҵڧǷֲġüҵһǼɡΪƷԭΪ׵ġĹɡϧУй¶飬ǰʹߡ
ʹȻҲкܶŪ飬ŲʵؼĵطƺͦףʹլͶٳëǣеϢԭᶯԭ
ڣƽ֚Ҳ˵ܹĸ߼죬ƺһΪҲоŹ¡ıɣǺܻӭ
Էʹóÿһ棬ڸתߴ٣սĹӦϣԭڽҲͬΪǸûᣬŹδϧ
֯ųڼǰżԹԵ·ȷ˱ȽϹģĹ̫ӡǱߣ˺ܴܻȡα١
˵ҪĹ޷ָ֯æֻ翵κԽáһ棬ҲζһأųҲô룬ռݡ
ԣƽּҹϵǳľŹ¡ԸҲǿġ
һ˫˫ڴǴɵƽ֚ۺ룬ûֱӻشȴгһʣ˿಻֪㣬ƽ¤ÿһͷΪס
ڳһȺäϴﲻ֪룬ͬһ˵ʵģҲ˽ǰıΨ顷Ӧ͵ˡ㹥ַ֮ͣŴ첻ֹȶҵκ۲ܲٽ³δںлպ󼾺¤ҲΪκС˾ٳӣ˵Ӧ֮ʱ׷ʹ򣬷ڧͻᷴв·ȪҵȾա
һͣ˲ŻȻ
ô죬˵Ĺ۵㶼˵ˣȻ쵼Ѿ¶ģҲûʲôԥˡ
ε˷ܵʵ常ˣ˵Ҫȥüҵս𣿡
ҡͷõذ壬ɫ纣Ϯ̫ҲǡҾҪƹ᪵½ԭĴǰʵʩΧԮ֮ߡ
ɻ󲻽⣬ƺûʲôرҪľݵɣ
ҪĲǾݵ㣬ġӦ鱨᪹˷ԭ֮Ծʮֲʿ䡣Щ˵ܵĻԭΪάģò֧Ԯ̬ơ
˻һٴλȻ򣬻˵װȻ
ƽ֚˳ƿʼ㽫ˣŹլλ֯ӣҪﵽǧϵҳΪףɽӺΪƽ᪡
ȷİţѡġﰲӺڶǸѪģۺ죬սʢþɳǣ᪵λһ˽⡣
ҳͨڵ԰լڼıֳܵϿɣԽһҪĽɫ
˰ŵڣ㷢ʣȫûƽ֚Ҳܵʲô̫ʧ֮ͲΪ˵ˡ


ڶʮ 
ԪԪ꣨1568꣩£Χ֯壬˵ͷĸطΪɣɱݱëѡáɡ¡Ӹ˾ȥ
ƽ֚ڵ·֮ʱȻֿܴ׺Ͳ׵ܵ·鱨ϢرܱߵľƱ仯
˵ǳڲĥϡˣȡСʤʼûõһĻᡣȻڶŵУϾ
򽲵ĺҰ԰¡һļңֱëʹѵ֧֣ذȻ֯ҵ˿ڡ˼ġ
С紨¡Ϊëҵ߸ˣһϣһң裬ƺʱûгƻֻӦƽ֚֮˹֧Ԯ˵ʱǳǡѴﳤȫûʶԼǱˣһ顣
ΨĳҲͰգ񻹱ȽϺƽƧˣʲôأҲ̫ע
֮ܶںһγ˺Ȫƽ֚밢ԭԾľ档
Ծƽ
ϣƽֻ֚кȪһأ֯ҵǿƳͷѵĽƣпʵԭƿư᪡·ȴڻʮֻʹó֡
ƽ֚ڵ·˳˳ˮԭʤǾٲά衣
ԱͷȥˣҲѾϰڷ׷ɾܾҲԹصʿԣԭܴȫûоٱһսš
һʮհδκսָǷӣÿһеֵüҳԴǿеس̸˺һ󡢸齻潻ǿ¹ʽ
üҵ״سǱ˵һʾԭָӣɰȱȽϿס֤һЩҵҪʧصڣۣΥԱϰûǿˡǷһ˱򷣽ġôһ᲻صĳͷʩ
ԵάȨ棬ֲ˲̫෴Уǿˡ
һ뵽ģģȷ˽ڲþ˰֮ϵϸڹΪҷ䲼
¼ҷȻҪͨóεЧʵڳƶġð΢ƽһЩҳͨļ˳ϣպ󾿾ηչһʱѽ
ԭĵλҲʱȶЩȻĳ̶ֳϽͨ滻ġ
Ŷó˵ڿƽ֚һսˡ
صȻڼ˫ҲȻûʲô̫仯
ֻóݵ鲻̫á
ⲻ¼ҷҵȨ棬Ϊԭ̬ȱҪࡣ
óݵ棬ǺõĹֶΣʧ֮ȣ²ͬʱҲͳߣԸӶľƣӦӦ䣬һЩơ֮ĶС
ⷽ潲֯ų֪Ȼλеࡣ
ԭΪԹȻҪΪΨһƾ̣ȻҪǿſࡣһ֧ʿԵĲȥսֱܿܽɢֲʩչԵʱ
óݾһ
˵ϰЩͻȻɵĺʱóǵؽĵ׻ȥ˳ŶԷ˼·ͨôշתзز̫ԥϳ᪰ɣƽ֚㣬һĴ۹⡣
ԭҲ˵ͷԻȻô˵زдˡʱ᪵õ֤Էͻթʹ߸ΣļƲ߾ܹЧˡЩƽ֚ϾʮֽթҲʿɶֹþգڶԵ·ռݣأ
Ҳûʲô̫ʧóȽ̬·̫ۣլĻģͺѱסƽֹ֚ǰҵҲؼڶأӦڲìܡëδԸ⿴֯ռݵ·
˵⻰ʱɫƶȴЩ
ԭԣȷʵûʲô̫ʧֻǶ·ѣĻ̻ڣøһڲìܡóݣԼЩšɡһ˵òսȡĻᣬϵġսӻĹӡԶϴ
óݱˣֱԱĽءʱû¿ǰµߣ߻µıǰҪȻɣ
⻹ԭһ˵˼Ĺ˶ڴ󵨼磬ҪѺ֮ǳʲô鷳
ԭǿʲôƵģ԰οأóݹְǡļƲδóЩʱȶһЩұ㰲ҳǵĺͽ⡣
⻰ȫ𲻵οá
óΪһ޽ڲٵͣȻЩʱաֻж顣ֻǴ˿ʵƵúܣֻװȻ
ԭƺҲû룬Ǽ̸£ƽ֚Ŀǰӵ򣬵ĴֻƺһôˣһǷ᪡Ϊ˵Ŀеأ
Ƿ˵ĻҪȥװأǰٻʱҾ֧Ԯ᪣ߵÿĻֻҪһʱ䡣óתúܿ죬𣬵Ȼܿӹ˻ͷҵȶ̫죬Ҫ취һ£޷һ򾡡
һڣ;òԡվ𣬲С˵ʵ뷨ȫߵ˾ͻӷգδط϶Է⡣
ȻԭüҡҡͷɵǳȻȴΡҿԵзΪĿΣµģƽ֚һ½Сթ֮Ҳδܱ֤ʤ˼
óݵȻܲ⡣ǰͬʵ裬հǰ˺󣬳Сʧ
Ҳû취˭ȥϮѵĹעһأ
϶ľֵʱ򣬾Ҫóеľ
ԭܹ̬ܺԽԽǿӲˡóݳϣ͹λѹˣҲˢ֮⣬Դ˺ް취
ˢ£ֻеһóʱЧõԽ࣬ԽֵǮˡ
óֻĬһһгԣͷ˵԰ɣüҾٶһˡ
ԭ˿ɫһЩҪ˵ЩʲôͻȻ⼱ٵĽŲ
ļǳ⣬űƿ
״ˣƽ־ǧ˵½ѾΧɶǣ
óԭĻ˽ܵģǰŵĲͨԭ֮ӳرˡ
˻ķ磬һϢҲԸܵͬϲá
ӣóΪԷӦĴڣŻڱռŵҲƽ֚ԸսĹơ
ûüϸ˵ԭֲ䵽ƽ֚㲢δзȷ潫죬ƺҳͨ
־óݵɫ
ԭͦ⣺Ȼƽ֚㱾ˣȴȡѳ׼԰ˡ
ѳ֣óݲҧгݡ


ڶʮ ػɵó
ļ賿ʱ̣δգȴѾǰˡں޷磬ȫ˽ĳʪȡԶ˼ʵĻҰмЩ޵ټǾһƳû
ũҵ£ʱΡѽ밲ߣٻҪһʱֵҹҲҪƣѰĵ㣬֧ףŪʲôˡ
ʶһǧˡɺһƬľʣʱҲʯڵһ㣬Ĭ
ⷽصóݣȴޱ泩ʮ
ôһ嶯޲̿սסӪرȦ쳤Хȥؿʣǵ֮
Ǳһػɡ
ȥΪڵһԱüҵʵȨߣһʱûƣģƽ֚˵ļƣ˴ΪЩԵͬŹ࣬µĳԹһٱ᪶壬ƾٳԭ£ڻͻȻǿóݳӣʵĽ
ȻǷãȻģȻʰ֮ȻһųڵıԽ⡣
ԭȡ˶ڼȨȻ˵һڣһӵļƲߡ
󣬾ͱôһƣûóݱ˳سЩһھͻΪҪ˸ɵڵС
ԭȻķչе죬³벻ɣһŵĶԱƺʵ
û취ѡóԵһ㣬ȫСȥˣ㲻֪˵Ǽ٣ʱֻò
ͱӡ
óݱͷ˳Ψ˵ĳ֣˵ЩһǣѡԮƽַ֣ڵԭɡͬԭթԸƽ֡
뵽ɵ΢Ц
ԭǸСĽֲļһһ벻һֻ֮ưɣ
ܳûƽ֚ľӣȻҲ㲻Ҳ̫ҪҲҪĿġ
ȡʤĻͳûĺȨһʧܣҲ˺ӦֶΡ
ٽһҪԭƽܾ֚ˣԼٳ֮͸òˡ
ҪĽѶ̫ߣɿ׷
ǰôఢ᪵ˣȷʵʧ󡣵Ҳ̬˶ãóݵȷǺɵҳֻӼͬŲìܡ
ƴˣȴΪǽᵳӪ˽ıҵγԱȡ
νĲ񰡡
óݵȻԼҳϡֻǶҳϵͬ
ۿҿҪˣѵһҪ²㾡˳֮
ҳҲһϯһǳ칫أСλءԺչְȡôȨɾͰҵҲǽõļ𣿡
Ļû˵ȴ顣
ǰһʱ谭ȷʵѣҪġѣȵϵֹԴ
ֻҪһһȥлġ
֮ǰȻƬʱ䣬һ¾Υʱɡ
óվڵϣ˫һ
󻺻۾
һжûб䡣һжˡ
ڽȥĻܿһľɫ
գأľޣɽ¶ʧȥɵӣʶƽճ
óͻȻǰڽѧ顣
Ұνġһζ롰š֮ᵽˡ
ϧã־ߵĹޡ
ź飬óݻ˲

ף
򡭡شˣ

ͬĳƺȻҲͬˡ
óÿණ㣬ǴԭأֳȻϲɻ֯ɫ
Щ˼һ𣬲ϧҲҪƷԭʵԭڣԭ˻¿ϴ۶ҵʱüҵһǱ׶֮ء
ó۵Ҫ֤ݣһóΡʮӴ汣ϵĹ㡰һһıͷóܵнʱпѡ
ڣ˵飬óݱıġͨ˸ֶΣŽͼ
ۿŴ¿ɳɣҪսȴ˺ö˶˵سǰ˿û̷ܵĺۼҴģԭţ
ôͲò˼ˡ
ɣδ̫߳ʡݹһԱ֮ҵȻԭ಻̵óֻ˼򵥵һ仰⡣
ȷʵ˵ǰǵø嵱¸ʲôҪġԭ뷨ֻҪԼ֣ڳЩ
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Զÿϳණ㣬ó⻰֮󣬶¶ɺԥ˼
Ѿµ̫࣬ܽƾһ仰ָӶһں͡ɡˡ
ʼʱЩȷʵͷӬãȻֱеóУַķűһҵĿꡣ
Ȼǻ᲻ԾΪԼӺ͵ġµĻ֮·ߵִߣ֪ͱӵߡھĲ߻ԼԣҲŤתҵˡ
ءԭҾ𣿡ÿ̽Եһ䡣ȻǲԸָʾġ
óεü
Ҫ鷳һЩʱܲ˵Ұȫ˶ֻõӣԼĶڡ
˳ŶԷͷͷش˵ԭҾҵʱûвޣҪƽ֚СһۣԹΪȣһɣ
˵ǿ⡣
ÿʵԣôİǡ
ϸԭҾΪѣҲ޲ɣһҪסóݻ⣬˹˵Ҫˣƽ־
˵ʱǿˡҪ֣֮⣬ԭҲǴҪĿꡣ
óó֮ӣ̲סڣףԭļƻùʹߣ֪ͨƽ־ӦϣôھҪĳɡ
ҪĶóش˶ӵĽҪ͸¶κϢɣԤļƻ£¶ȻһΣԣҲ޿κ֮١
ǡҵ׶ӣӣ
óʲôû˵ֻʹر۾ҡҡͷģ׸һǰѼȨλӵñκһҪҪóʵҲֿ
Ĭһ֮óͻȻַʣ˵ƽ־ȷǰģҵĹˣҳͨ
ǵģѾ֤ʵҳ˰ΪСܣŽ֯֪Ϊδӣֻƽְ֚Եǳݵϳණ㣬ڳΨһһûѪԵϵˣۼģȴǿġ
С𡭡óζҡҡͷΪ˼СͶġֻΪ͸Էȷ󽫡һʲôΪ֪Ľס


ڶʮ ҳͨĻȨ
ѱӺľݣȡǱʮ࣬ɢ߲Ŀˣ
һҪ˵𣿺ðɡһǵŵĲӣԼҲնɱʮ˰ɣڻݵĵоȸղλ̫ࡣ
ֵ˰ɣﰲֲǣնʮ߼ȽʮˣɢĲ֪أҰڴˣܥβˣСˣ׼֤ʵģλһҪˡ
ȥʤĿǣɱʿʮµرǶˡҲһɣ

ٲΰ룬˵ɫǻ桢Ȼţм
úúãλģϷһǵӢԭԭسȥҰоѹɽһĨźһСػظͬʱʾߵͬŸϽʡ
ƽ֚常ƽĵܵܣ׹̵˱ңŵǲ£˼ҿҲǸʵʿʵʳȹϵ⣬ֵһı¡ͳǰߵսͳƣ˵Ǽ׵
ܥβ硢СгǶܴ¿ڽеʵ벻ʵֻ֮Ǹ̫ǳȫ˵ϻֻĬĬصͷӱʼ飬ֵ²֮дڸעṩο
Ҳ׻˵ġС桱
ĺǣôҲðһӲУճܴС棬ܸˡ
ƽ֚ɵ᪹зڵĵһӣԼǧˣýȪڡڡӺӶ϶ɣҳͨͳһָӡǺϸģδܷڣǲһҰͲܥβ硢СгˣΪǰȷõʵʩ
սµʮ˳üƺȫû뵽Է½ûκεķֻܼһǧбؼ԰ֲʮС޽䱸֮ġ
ǹƽ־һϰֱ·ϮҪѸײڶ֮ƣر˵ĳǳء
Ψ΢һĳǳأάŻѲأڵһʱ䷢˾飬ʤͳԮָ֯һķء
³ͻȻ׼ڲִ֮䣬ЩȱʿģֺƾɵĳǱվɲ̫鷳ҳͨԴϲ£ѹ󣬼ֽˡ
ԤȵҪתΪأԭӶƻ̬ԭǰ£ȴƽ֚ĵ
ֻص׼ûãȴű湦ˡ
ȻЩȡõ׼ʮˣʮ˵ĳǷʵģͿɱðˣڡٵӡ޷Ǽƽ֚㱾ûϵָӹҳֲ̫ͨˡ
ôģһ˵ڴ˴ػƺ½սУδ̫ܵѹҲǺõ
Ϊ㹻ϲļߣѾ֪˵зӦĴڣʤġǵܸȾв٣һݵȥ
ʶҳͨҲ˿ȥţֻ˶ϣŵȻƶܽ˵Ҿܼƹȡǣնɱбİ٣˵бһǧڸλֱռ˼ɣҲϸ֣պͳƲ١
ĻȻвˮ֣ʵ֣Ҳû޽ƵĴ꣬ȡһԱȽе֡
ûӦ룬˵⣬·Źʱȡ˵оһЩ״ӡ֮࣬ҵȻҪ׼ս£ʵڲ㴦ҰڡܥβСλ˴Ϊܣպתˣƽ֚㣩Ŀɡ
ͷβһ仰÷Ӧ˶һ¡
ղŹµģЩǵľӳǰˣЩǵȥʤӦԭĶԱôҪĶأ
ʲôֲ֮ҲܶԱǧĹڰˣǵ״ӡ£бҪɷнµġΪܣպתˡ
ҰҲûתǴܥβ硢СгѾᵽ˼һۣͬʱЦ
ҳͨɫ򶨣˻֣ױܷϵСϻӡ
ⲽ˶סν״ӡ¡ֻǸͷ档ϻֻһֵĶбҪϽƽ֚ģһǷǳбҪʣµľүǽƯûġ
֮ܶҳͨһǻһ룬ڽ鱨սҲ̫ΧʣȺˡͬ򽻵
ͬʱѵλʿǣǶ˴ĵоôѵûʲôɻҪת𣿱˻ȥ֮͹ȥ
ȷʵ
ţҲһ
Ȼرǿңϣʵսˣ˼롱ģΪں˴ɲᡣ
λȻлߡľ඼ЩΣ֪ýӻǲãջʱ£ûеܾǴ⣬ǽ̫ףһ¡
ҳͨܿԷ뷨ȴʮֵ
ôоˣȻֱֵĽǮˣÿ˵ͶãֿƲôֵǮȴõ
绤ʫ̵֮ģ㱻Ҳлܻϵһ㣬Ͳÿ˶ѧõˡ
һľٶڡȪڡӺӶҳͨ˳˺ܶ࣬Ϊָӹ٣ƺҲ޲ˡýȻһΪģ
ͬУûͨսϵıֻãͨٳϵΪˡ
ҳͨһǰܵرԭѴʤǳĿǰҾԼֻʱ·ˡ
˻һʿһףӷŵ־нѳ
PSһξر
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Σ涼вֵԭʷϣȷʵüȫ˻Ĺ֮סʵȨҲȷڶֻǵĴڣӿüڲٶȡ
ٴΣһѴﳤ˰ɡǡˮĴʼߣڷɣսʷϣһϯ֮صˣҰƵúͬʱʮֵùÿپվ˶ӣ֮Ͷ׳٣ȻսȴҲûͷͷһںޱҪ֮֮ҾȷʵǸлԵˡ
СС͸һѣӱʼѾԭʷԽԽԶһǻȫһȷʵе㿼дҲǰ۶ˡǹҲǰȤˣԼôá


ڶʮ λ
ƽ־ƣʱ䣬³½ġȻڶ࣬зʿߣ᪼Ϊ飬ǧ˵Ĳӣһֱû֡
̶һҹ󣬵˳Ѹײڶ֮ƣȺ󱻹¡ԭһ죬ŵõϢʼġͳʱжδ䣬ʵͺˣ
һƽּҵǧڳ賿˳ͬʱҲ֪˵оҴҸϢ
֪˽ľڿ֮⣬ҳͨʵҲһõһϢǱóǰͨԵվδس£֮ʱһӦϣһͬԭ
ĵʾŪúôµӡ
ȷʵӶԷһϵеΪƺʮֿףһǿʲô⡣
ԷһζϡǱϥؿǡǡ෴üҵһնͼϲ⣬̬Ҳô
ϸҲǷʵİֲʲôѣĴԹ޷໥õĹϵԻŵⲻʮ
˵üУԭһڵشڣ{⣩ҲǡɡǱߣ֯ѪսġһʧƣΪȨƵλعˡͼԭԸɵġ
תоνʳܣšȻǡֻĲšսʱڣʳܣšֵĳ̬
֮ܶƽ֚ίΪȷ潫ҳͨˣﻹǴɵģҲס⼸λŰ
þɳɽεõʱȨ˽ǰŽ̸һΪϺҿԲšܳȡǲ֮
Ȫ²ͷüҳһϵﰲһֱ֪ˣĵƲóԭ֮ӡ֤λҵر֪֮һʱ
²ڵĻҴκĿǸողյ֪ͨģû¶ȷ̬ȣǱʾȻѾίҳ˰Ϊȷ潫˼һϣҵȻǣ
ӺصľҲǵһαеϷ鱨ռȷһսӺǵһӶ֪ǮֵĵûóȻڣʾӾϾ֯ųλүţһҪúñ֡
Ӻ˵̬ҳͨ˵
ڡԹʿңҵԹʿ֮黳Ծƽ־һݳڼϵģԽΪȣʶسǳأڼ˵֮ǰ򲻿ʲôӦϣһٽ顣
ҳͨûʲôƽ֚µȣȻرٻȴҲ˲Υ
ǽƽ־˽ƫԶǣʳգǧֲǳ棬γǹϷ֮ƣפ
Լպԭľδʱ4㣩״ҲûŹǣǽʿƽ̿ΧסͬʱӪկľǵ׼
ڼľ㡢ﰲõδȣϮĳԣЧɳСֶߵϣɾظϻͽȻ۽
ԭû˵óııز׻˺ûӹ
̶ûи뷨һ˼زӹԼΧ
һԭԵʮĬȻصµĽʿ
ҳͨôؿĹλͬŵһڳǵΧҲƽּҹһǣʼտȻ
ڶ˾óݵļɵĲκзյľٶ
ҲҪض೤ʱ䣬ƽּ˵ƣռɵ
λǺεȲǣ϶ѾԺ˰ţҳͨҪҲֻǡաѡ
طǧ־˼򵥵׼컹Ǵ´ġ
ķֶΣȻѲ޽ҳͨġ
ۿΧǵĵһգҪƽضȹȥ

ϣôһϣ³һ컹ûʱ򣬳ȻûпʼȴͻȻֲСɧҡ
ӱҳͨҴǰȥ·յϢǣ˰ˣкֹƺʲô
ûӦҲʱͬʱյóҹ͹š
Ȼдţ
˵ĳЩؾ֮ǰڳˮֵȵ¶ǽŴ£ҵ飬˹ƽ־ǧСģ⡭
ҳͨһԼԲ޽ݡ
ǰһֱڡӦǷɿ⣬û뵽Ȼ©˻սӦԣƵ
Щüҵĸ壬ҲƴΪ˺ˣȻϧԼͶֵҲˣˮĶҩʮ鷳ģ
Ψһõǣߵòִ٣֮ļƺ㣬ʮʱ𲿷ʿ丹кѣĺûС
ɾǸкҲǺӰսİҲ󲿷ʿѾٽ㣬ټȥͻвӦѵֻܳŽˮ
˼ŰŶȥ
ԭ֮ǰֿǣǱսǿӺųǰʮֲʣƻͶ֮⣬ץʱһЩڳżҩȼױǽ۴򶴣մߵ˳ջټֵȵȡ
д󲿷Сûҳͨ˫۵ģȱṹѾȥȼױ౻ǽǵһʱ
Ծ˵ãһЩֶΣյ֮󣬲ȥġ
ֻҪˮԴ֮£Ϊʱ
ֻʱʿ䲻Ҫȡóʳ;ˮôչȥǲ꣬˵죬춼ѵס
˵ƽּϾҪˡһһ㣬ǿɾ͡
ʱҲֻšӦϡ֮£һˡ
Ƴ֮ʱԷķӦʱ䲢డôô෴ƴʩأѵѾ׼ˣѵһı
թƣƽ֪թƣ֪ƽ֪թơ
Ȼ޷ͣʱ򣬺αػҪŹأ
һʱҳͨҲʼãϻóݣҪƽԭͶ֮£Ĳ֪顣˵ԭָʾ׼öҩأ
˳˼ȥˮƺǺ
ѹʵĳ칫ڴ˻أ
Ӧǣƽּڴˣֻأ
ʶ䣬ҳͨｫ˶Ტۡң칫ȻֵøݣվѾʷˡ
ѾǱʶԼ޷ˣֻܵȵƽּǰ
ڴ֮ǰľǣȾؼգԼ˻ȥͨϢ
ûȶٹͨһڵİаæǴһҪľ飺
ƽ֚㣬Ѿڱ賿ǧ˵½ˣ˵ؽа10kmҵľ롣
ϢҳͨͷһɣͬʱЩˡ


ڶʮ ͼذ
ʢգȫװѲصսʿһղóˮʧĿܣ޷սڳѹ£ʵΣ֮ñ¹ҩľˮǲܵģѾм˳ʳж֢״ˣʣµ˿ǳθǿһЩȻ˭Ҽ³أ
ʳ⵹ûôȣҲҪġ
Ϊҳͨڰյ˼Ŀ⣬ԭȷ󽫵λӾЩյ˼Ӹǲܷˡ
˾ô˵ָʧ˾˵õġþɽĹƽΪϤȫЦڲһԵس嵽Էȥ𣿼ȻȨޣȻҪΪκκ
ҳͨ˶ԼѴ̡Ϊɳ̫ˣõݵ֮ûȷˮԴʳİȫóȻѡǣȷһĽӦеΪ
ȻҲûվ˵
źɽξΪкǾһ飬ִ֮䣬ֱ´ˡоȴԮʱ;һЩҲġߣо׼ڳôƻоųɶԴֻʣһЧ£ҪָҳͨĹɹδ̫ȫ˰ɣ
Ȼ½֮ˣ޷۶Կġ
οۣҪѹƽּ˰
˵ԤȵͲȫܣ
㡢ǶıհԶĿ桢Ӣһˣô᷸¹ʧأ֮Գ⣬һĳЩ޴̰ܶӵļҳɵġĳЩδþ½֮
ȥǽⷢӵĳɷ֣ڽ뷨ҲȷǶҡˡ
ﰲ;ֱܹѯʵҳ˰ϵӦͻΧ飬ȥأ
ҪҪͻΧһֱʡȥеԽ޴ҵ˼ѾǱȽѺõˣӺӶľ㣬²ڵĻҴΣѹû˹ʣ˸еǵģ
Դˣҳͨž޴ѹȻμ˳ǰƽ֚㡰£оγɶżΪʤ̬˵ĺԮѾ½ˣüɵһҪȴ˼ǰϣж
ͬϢݸӺӶ²ڡѾ˸ۿۣ͵һЧġ
ҳͨȻţƽ֚һȫԲߵģֻ벻Բ߾ʲôΪ³˸дһ֮⣬ֻоŹ¡ƽ֪

зǧˣڴǣˮԷɾءϢ͸¶ȥƽ֚Ȼ޷ʧϰսΨһģҵȵĳ⣬ָӦϣַԭ
˵ֻҪܴǸ鱨вϻƽ֚ˣ̲ס̰ģȡࡣһȥ޷ȻйСսԤ֮а
ʱգó¶գ־顣
⼸սֱ仯ӡ֤˵ıȡ˻Ȩóÿңָʣǧ
ԭܼһǧ˵İǰǧԵ΢Щ˶ʧܺͿѣδҡһǣһ·˵Ĺˣĵİס
⽨ʱȨϵصţϵŽмᣬٹЮȵΧԱüʢóʮʱҲֻ˲ڵ֯УųֱҲֻһǧҡ
óݼţʵƵĻǧˣĹ϶ɽˡ
ĶóЩû״ˣҪƽ־ܱ֤ղԭ׼ݻϡǽأ
ó΢΢üееʧӣȻܴͦģıͲԶ˰
ҲΪˣӹϵάֵòɣӶóıֻڼ¶ֵòɣ
ʶóݶԳǻģĻش𵽣ǾҪͬʱƭƽֺԭ棬ȥӲƴǡֻҪԭŶսУս۹ʱ˵ˡ
ˡԵµľƣһߵľ񱸶ӽ˫Ͳ׳һֳʤɡóս黹Ǻܷḻģ˲䶮丸⣬ܿ¸⣬ո׵ıƽ֚ӦᱻҾȡɣôѣ֯ų᲻ٶԱַء
ĿǣȻ֮顣
Ͼƽ֚ǶԷƫʦѰ㽫Ҳûнء
̶óݲЦ
⣬ȷʵֻ㹻оͶ߲ܻش𡣳⺢ӣȻʮˣҪ
ʵûҪġƽ֚ѺȪӪúܺãһս֯ͻػĺѡ磬֯ʤһҲᰵг⣬˭ǰȥһʱϾĹġ֯ų˴Ļ֡Ըǡ൳ԴӶġ
Ŷӻͷ˼ӣóݾٶ˵䣺֯ڳУƵǽģ޷ƽ֡˶ѡü䡢ɭɳɡྮȱȻսԡϡǡʤ֮ź赲Ϊ塣ųŻ˶һ档
ó׽һ£ʵ˼˵ƽ֚Զڲü֮ϵʿ𣿡
򵥴ֱȥܻϸһҲûʲô⡣
óȻʧЦô˵ءǸһ˶ƽ֚زǲʤҵĶ֡ռ˿ںȵأĻǲʤһòһսĻᣬѾȡ׼˰ɡ
˵֮󣬳ϸϸ˼ţóȴԴˣ
ˣպٺúɣҪˣͰǰ׼õ˵ǣֱƽֺԭ͹ȥ˳ĻǾͻɱʱһҪѡúʵʱ룬̫磬̫١ɹĻüҵĸǿԱסġ
˶һ£ͨüҡ⼸֣оĿҰġ
óݵ֮ǣƽ֣Ʒԭ֮󣬾Ҫ취һˡ
Ͼһˣ֧ͷ֧ҪʱҲǿ໥ȡ
ı۹ⶼ丸ΨҰһ㣬Ǻúõļ̳ˡ
ҽͰķԸˡ
û˵أͻȻӪʽĴűһ߿һߴʿ˽ͬʱߺš²
ݺͳһüһģ̳ġһˣǱҵسණ
Ǹȿɿˣ⸱żϻ̬Ǻ
ණڵأٵشŴؿھҶţǺԵʮּУȴһֱַ
æǰı滺һ
Ƭ֮ණ˵һĻոյõϢʤǸҲҹȫĻ̻̣ԭҾ;۷ڳ֮⣬ֻ᪹ڱ


ʮ תֱ
ƽ֚ǧ˵ĵڶӵ½ĹԪԪ꣨1568꣩³ߵ糿֮ǰգռصĳҲԪףԤ׵һҹ֮֯ǧװɱ밢ʤǵ̬
ش󽫼״Ԯӱޣʱ60Ԯ͵С
Ϣ˳ϣǰߵԭ˲˼飬ʿɢսȫʧ
ʵ̫ͻȻˡ
ڿڣˮҲ㲻ȱк֮һ򾭼ǱȽϷġ˿ȫǰٷ֮ٵƧ˼Ļ֮ء
ԾܳҲաɽЩ֣һֱܵӣûʲôû뵽ЩɽҲܲ뵽ԵС
³ҲԪ׿νһвԭĻ̣˼Ⱦŭ
ԭͼǣȫڰļҰǵĹ硢СضһڱءҲΪˣЩĹɡŻעڱ棬ڵϮƻȤ
Ȼ˵ü˥ˣܵѺ֯ųַǰȥҫˣ˶ԱػǺĵģ֯ųԴϾǰ򰢲䲻졣
һںľǽƽ֚㣬Ҳֻұʵȥ᪡벻ĳҲԪףܹˣ⻹˵ã
ԭ벻ͨеԭ򣬵һӦҪʦ𣬰ѳҲ˺Ƭǰһ˾ͱʱ֮ԺˡϾƽֻ֚ǹռ·᪣ввһķ֮ء
ʤֻŲһǧʿҴУڵĽºס̫ʱ䣬ԭҲûᣬõϢ֮󣬵Ͳƽ־в˳Ӧģ½ʿ۷
ıģ᪹ȻҲΪԼļ絣ģԭǲػسƽ־ս𵽶Ϻá
óˣʼնǸأɴҲɡһı޷ݳˣһԼڰɡ
һƺȻּתֱ¡
ԭһǧ˰ӪȥǰֻʣڵĶǧˣһڵǧƽ֚Ѿǧȷռ˳ǳأǧڸϹ

óණ֪ǰԭ˺üӣȻȻŭһԾ𣬷ߺ޵س䳤УֽǰСϣƿڴӣǵ죡
Ҳ֪ӣָĳҲԪףԭƽ֚㡣
һһ߿ֲ˺üװСһѱľģҲ˾ȻޣȴҲ޷㷢ˡ
ԭûеһʱϢͬóӦʱ򣬴ѾСʱˣΨڲڻûʶҲûһʱ䶯
óһֱôؿŶӣɫûʲô䶯԰µزһϵĻҳȻҪңȻ˳ʧ̬ɣ
ȷʧ̬ˡǡóҡͷЦüĿеɫǻ֮ȥģ״ˣڵԭδκ־ǵҪ赶ɱ˰ҪԸ²ǵ𣿻һ˽Ҫ˽
ŭ⣬Խ˵Խʧ䣬ʼӺ;
óݼ״üͷּ˱ϵСҲûҪо·ҲûĶԺҸɾŲ豭ĵطûˡ
״ˣڲǿǲ豭ʱɡ
İҪΣҲܱ򶨣Ҽǵú㵽ҰʦµѧйɣҲʮѧϰˣѵһ㶼𣿡
״ˣʱȫû̸µ顭
˵ǺõطȪڵʱʱܴӺ۵õҲһŷҪۡ˾ϲ𡭡
״ˣóεؼ𱰵شϵҪģǾһȥʱȲҪ˼Щϸ΢ĩڵɣ

һ̾ԵЩźҡҡͷ˸ģ̧׷ʵ㿴Ǻã
ȻƽּӲƴçײŭóԥصų򣬡ǧˣ˵ľˣҪסϽ˰ɣΪ˶ؼ԰Ż͵оսǾͳûתơ
ѵ飬˵úɫɼȻӱȲ丸ڲȴһ㶼ࡣ˭˵ͽˣ
óµ̧̧ͷÿɷӴ󵨷ԵļҳһʵȻӹһʱأӵδأˣ֮ǰڳʾ֧ԭָӣҲ㣬ҪǶϺҲǺģΥߣԺɾͱĿʵˣ
ȷʵˡ˵ǲֱӳˣҪ΢һЩֿ̬𣿡
һսӵȫԭΪ˽𣿡
ðɡҪɴα潵ʱͶ֯ɣڵݷҲҼҵơ
˻û⣬ȻõáһǸӶ˱Ҫǰְ᪸Աʾأ
⡭
ÿһʱ˼һֿʼ˷״ˣȻѾˣǿ϶Ҳָ˺ļƻɣͱڶǰˣϽҸôɣ
óԱĿһǣڴǰҲͲӱܻˣʵⷬıû̫Ƶƽ֚ԭҪĿġԶĿǰľƣҲ˶ԲߡҪ飬ǧˣ
һǵǰʱ򣬼Ĺһͬ;͵ڶŹȥѾ׼ˡ
ϵеҳͨиյǰƽ֚㣬ԭԭһӦġ
ó׼ƽ־ڣ͹ģͿˣ
ǰ˵һóɴ󾪣ʲô𣿾Ҫ󵹸꣬ҲҪԸԭԵʣڸԩ޳𰡣ǱٶԶ࣬ǵĹҪȫ𣿡
ȫ𵹲ڣһܴĴóݵΨ˹࣬ƽ֚Żز㹻̰˲϶Ըǡһǲſ԰Ȼȥġ
ȥóһ
óǿЦЦԸ˵֮õǴ׼ɣ
ﲢûչʾҺ;£Ȼź
ȻһʼͰղȻ׼˺·ȻڵĽҲȱĽҪõö࡭
ǣʼҲãһƽ֚ԭǸöð


ʮһ 
ĳҲԪ׳ǧϮüĸ֮أ
ԭһǧԮֻǧΪϺ󣿡
أݣûꣿЭҾڣ׷ԭ
ⲻǵһνӵóݴӦʹˣǰɴûΪ˸еܹ
ĺϢˮԴղʳҹµҳͨˣʱתһٰʮȷ
ȥӴڵĳоȻֻճǰ죬ͻ𼱻ǵʧ˴룡
ǿ֮Ĺϵʱڷת䣬ֻ˸пĴ䣬ʵ̫ھĶˡ
ʵվڳڵĸϣһʱ֮ǰͿԿӪԲжȥƺڽдģĵ򼯽ᡣӽȥɳʮ̲סˡ
Ȼڵƽ־ڲľԱ״̬⵱˹ǵǰףΪԷ齨ʲô͵ĹеǷ׷״Ͼ㣬ս׼ϾˮԴ⣬³ΧͲøϽս
ʱڽ˼ܱ֮ۡΪоֻǹڳ̬طòȵʼżУӶҪĸˮ֡Դҳͨòٴΰƽ֚Ľʱѹͬȡһ⡣
ʱɷнµġ顱͡鶾ֵõĽǣ⸽ˮĵ綼ͨģܵͶӰ졣ҲһƫԶľڣȥƺܴ԰ȫģ̫⡣
ҳ֤ͨҴھˮ룬Դ̬ȣʿȻǧ˹һھҲǺεģŶӳȽεƷΪ׳ۡ
ҳͨҲ𽥿ʼöӲ̫ˣֻǳŲ˵ѡ
ʱĳҲԪ׿νѩ̿ȼü֮
ȷʵǾӪʾһʱ춯֮ͻȻƽˣӰҲʼϡˣڲس֮µĺۼ
Ȼ֪ôԭ򣬵Ϣһ˲䣬ҳֳͨ˸м֮顣
ȻΪָӹ٣ǲκĵطһ氲ֳȥ飬һҲȻ΢Ц飬ѯʹߵأݣҵһ𹥻Ϻ᪹ڣٺò֪úʱԺΪأ
Ȼᵱʹߵɣ÷ʵķʽ̽
Է˵ƺ˭֪᲻ʲôأ
ʹóƺҲȫûĻ˼ͬǺƽػش𵽣ֻǸݿŵСɲҺЩش˵顣
棿ҳͨüͷ
ˡóƶشϣ˫мѰһλû档ķλָ
Ҫóݼ
ҳͨ۾Ƭ̣ԥ֮ɫһţᶨ˫ĿãǶдСɮԺʮ˻Σ

ڡȺĵһλģ1532-1555ˣʱڵĳƺڡ
ͷóݻǸδһسԸƣ칫ǰɽǹһ׮Ƿ˰̰ī¼
ʱӵľŸׯͷʹ٣׵ǰʻɥǣ罬˵Ψһʿվ޾ɫִԣ˵ַʽֻԩԲʵް
칫δóȴ䲻мŭ⣬˵Щֶ֮Щʲô֮ĻȻȴ국ؽһָףóʵ֤ݣ˵˸Сѣδ
˾칫աãʿּΪԺķСóҲǹĿ࿴֣صؽһΰݷá
˱ҳ֣ͨһεʷ̨
ݺڽʯɽ֮䣬սװٴݳǡ¸أһʿ֮𽥵ͳǧһλһ㡣ƽƵֵܣҲֻŰ벽ˡ
ʮһζǡ
Ȼǧĸпֲ֪Ӻ˵˼ȥҲֻС׺ɣĸֶѡ
ҳͨϤİݣһ̾ĵأ
óݾֱض˰죬ɬϷ͹ֻЩ׸ơǽͷݣЩĽߡ
״ҳͨΨпЦҡͷԶԡ
óɫ糣ȴװ׵ʾʧͷŭ˼
˵仰гĬ˺һ
֨ĲԵø̶ˡ
ûһ˿磬ȴȫ׵װƵܡ
Ϊһѹ֪֮μңóΪѾȫڲ֮⡣ֵģѹʵĳ칫ֻԼҶϳԼȼλͬˡ
ǰλǰȼλеһ
̲סʵ֪֯ﵯҲ
֮˵ΪԼǼСһʱҲˡǰʾɰ˾ʲôħأ
һ棬Ҳ൱ֱ˵ĳϣνġ֯ַԭֻһʱֶΣȫûа⡣
أҳͨɵ̾һ£ʵԸ棺δ֯ﵯй̫˽⣬ֻ֪ƽּһһĺܡ
ţóݴΪ𾪣̶תɼһȪػ𣿡
ΪһִƹḶ́õġλ£ءȷʵʸô˵
ƽ֚ôҲһĳСӡˣ㽫첻ȥҪͶҲֻܽ֯ųǡ
ҳͨ˿Ϊܣɫǿ˵֯ﵯֻʱ£δؾͿӵ¡ƽּȷʵŷǷ֮ʳ칫಻ѷɫ̫ࡣ
ƣóԴŭ
칫Ǻεˣγ۲Ŵ֮ŽҲֵֻԴſ֮Ტۣƽ֚ʲôۣܵ
Ҳ򶨲ȥˣŭЦʵ㵹ú˵˵һ﾿һأ
ҳͨǶţӻȡͲһˮ˹˻ش𣺡شˣȻ˵ǱнʵδưɣҲ֪Ұӳɣ
㷽ԣкɣ֪֪׵ѣóݺԡ
϶֪ҰñסȴǱҷߵġ
ʲôѵܲǡ
ǣƽּΪüҵġȡΡ˽ͬ⽫ҰߡȻ⻰˸ϣǲԼ˵ġ
˰ҳͨĿ𣿡
ǵģҼԿ֮ûٹƽּ˱Ӧˡ
⣡Ǹ֮𣿡
ƽֶּΣҲûа֮أȻ׵طҰ˵ҰˣΪ󻼣ţˡҹªţ˳칫֮⣬δС
óĬȻòȻ˼Ѷٶҡˡ
ҳͨɵصͷȻԻΪ칫Я֮պػᾡһѪͼ
ˣθԣóݱ۾·һӱüΪƣ룬Ǹ̸̸ս֮ˡ
֮ǰҲûָһʲôôֻǲ׿һϻͶеԭ򣬲ۼϻƵľʼԽܣ԰ʣ޼һʵ
ҲȷˣҲԳˡ
ƽ֚㣬ȷʵ˽ܰʣ츳ĲſȻѢ֮Ϊշҳͨģ׾ͷŻɽҲǼһǻֻǰ˰ɡ
óݶҳͨѵ۹Ⲣɡ̶̼仰ƽ֚˿־ĴС
ȻˣȷõļƻҲ˸ġ
ɷ֮δ嶦ʳ൱嶦
PSϾڵдΪ鹹ʷʵա


ʮ ϵĲ֮
յİߣǿƽȣһɵζ½˶ԲôšһĻѵõˬ
ƽ֚ڴɵϡںĺдĹǧ᪡
ĳҲԪͻȻչʾõ̬ȣԭȻطƽ־֮ĻᡣԴ˲еԾ
Ϊ飬һֲ߻ġ
پһ˵ǳҲԪ׾Ҫ֮ƽ֚ŶԴ´˵½ָ᪵ʾ˿ܵļתֱ£˵ͲˡǹۿһԤ֪˽Ϸ磬۾öôۣԱУҲǱ̬͡
ҲЩһŸֳĶǻ÷ζ˴ǲϲʲôմ̼ģǧ֮õĵڹŽⶼΪ֪ûбҪĻ˭ԸС˨Ϲأ
Ҳûжסն콨ҵ·ӣ̻еôֻǵ˱ˣ󲿷˶Դ˸е⡣
һιƽ֚սûŵȷλã̡ͬһ࣬⾮Ȼ˿ҵľݣͲɵøпδսʤߣҲδս㲻ʤߣҲ˳֮Уʤǧ֮⣬ʵ塣
ΪһСĶΪıԣֻ֪ɱ⻰ǵ֮⣬ƺҲڽǽֻδ
ڽڴϲٳδĵ½ϰĶ飬ߣǰֻһ
ⲽƽ֚Բݸ֣Цǵޣ˵˽µĳϣͲ˿ˣǻưɣ
ɣ𱰣񲻿ɷϡȻΧûˣǱƽϰԶڵӡ
ĻҲֻܽڲˡƽ֚ҪʶͬѵķʽƺⲿΪ˫չϵȷʵһΪ˫չϵȷʵӡ֤
ҲǼӣų˵ʵʱڣѯһЩ׻ش⣬Ҫδѡ
Ǹʵ佫Դһ㲻֪ӦԣҡҡͷЦұԽˣ󣡡
Ŷ԰ƽ֚ͷЦÿԷҲ͵͵һʱ˹ҲǸܲ˷Ƚڵʿֻرװˡ
˵ˡ˵󣬾úֶΣ˵ҲϮأƬ֮ʳѾõ⣬ϾҼûپ˼ĹģպⳤҲҪӦԭĵ⣬ǿʮּѵİ
ⲻһ˲סֻǱûʸֱ˵طʡ
ֶ˵Ҳ鷳ƽ֚ûԥͽɻ󣬡֪ĳҲԪףǸҰͲžߵĺܣṩһݾܾӣһ
Ȼһ磬ûӵʲôҲûоΪʲôһô˽⣬ֻǾš
ƽ֚һȴȫûյӦֻܿһԹԲԤԼֻҪȡܻα٣ɻĻϵġػְ֮
νġαԭѵõܣڡ»桱֮ڰӲƳλӵϡͷ׼Ĵ󽫾ʱѻ硣ֻûüҲδܵϣʧƣͽˡ
ʶһʱеȣԭҲΪα֮Ȼֵһػǡ
Ϊһβŵˣ֪ػڻȻʮųαҪôʲô˹ķӭӻ˺źأȻǼһѾ֪˻ôˡ
ҲԪ绰˵˵ҰȻŹĻᡣΪ˵һձɽüңҲȻǲԥġ
ҾֵֵҪƽ֚΢Цųžķһۣλˣȴúֵ
ʵȷʵˣƿԡ
һھ˶ԣǼٹɽˣȫȻֵùעԭӵϸҲ˥䣬ػ֮λڿ״̬
Ȼüӵ٣ȻȥֵһᣬϾηְÿһڿõĹ˸еɵ
뵱ǵʱֻвʮҳһ׷ɱ֯ĴҲˡ
˭˵¾һأ
ԣ˭ܰѽ鷳ǾԲķ͵ġ
ȻųԾܵúϣѾǹ粽ءŹˣ޷йʹ׻档
ȻշҪһЩŽᡱ飬ҲǲУȻֻǽʱڵıֶΣܲôɰ
ʽ׵˫ȷĹϵƽ֚𵽵ֻһм˵áʱм˲׬ġ
༸ǧʷУʱǿȻܶೡ£Ǳͬһ˿Ƶġ
ô˵ҲԪĿŵʾɱ˰Ȼûɶ˺ҲСѴƵģܺͺðô˵Ҫһصĵж״̬˵ùȥ
ʱ֮ڣƽ֚ĹĹԣȻͱüΪ˳ˡ
˼ãɫףһ½۵ν֪֮裬֮Ω衣˵ǵʵȥһˡ
ҡҡͷû˵£׳һԵļҳǴʵ𣿻жòܶ
ﳤԸæСǰش𣺡˵ı´ʱ⣬ЩˮӪȣӵĻңĴֻԼһӲԵǰֻǧ˿
ΰƽ֚еɸֶ֡Ӳ֪ҳһѱֺе£ڻսȷʵͣһֱܳ⡣¹ʣʶ;ë
ִ߽Ե̬Ϊ俪δ壬δǾ֮ҾʱҲ׷ԭˡ
šƽ֚㲻ÿɷ񣬵ϻǸӣûٷŭǼﳤסҪ¹պ¼״ϣмƽϡ
ʵ˵úܶԣзȻļƲߣƣڱԭİǺֵܳġս㣬óݵ꣬ҲϺˡ
ƲվֻǼƲߡĿǰƽ֚ԭüҵģųֲ׼Ԯ£ռѾˡ
ֳĬһ֮ͻȻָźķ򣬾дļҵĴӣ
ƽ֚Ϊ졣ʶôûôλС˾ʧıְɣ
ôˣ
ղ˵ʲôšӣ
̧ͷȥȻģĿ֮ڣǵصĴӣżķɱ


ʮ ᴬڣϣ
һҽ᪵ĺжǰ֮ʱںָˮǾŹ¡
ΪһԺΪҶˮ󽫣ȻԵ½еİȫ⡣עķҪпܵüҽĶ棬ΪǴˮĵ̣ˮëңëĿǰʱ֯ҵѡ
Ȼȴۿս߳Լǵзѡ
ƽ֚ûܵһʱϳԷϵģΪҵʿľŹ¡ȴһۿǰҴͰլƮģǴˮбͷϵ
ɹȥСֶӣȫӰҲʼûͻκϢڵһʱ䣬ѾΧ˰ɡ
ƽ־ߣǡɡ֮ʱСֻ乤ߣҵڰ߲ԶһţмûüϰˮҲҪʩӾԮ
Ʈŷ紵ɢıɼȲôã뾶޷ʮܾŹ¡Ժƽϵı仯ǳУȰϵ˸緢־飬ԷڣȻûʲôӦʱ䡣
Ͼ˼ΪʲôëĴˮᷢ𹥻ˣŹ¡һʱϣпսĴֻӭȥ谭оǰ
ǳǣΧڰʩչǾ͵ǹ̶İӣֻɵռ˳˳ˮĵضΣҲ޷ֹ𷴻ˡһս·ûС
չǺбҪģϣӦЩߵĴӷ룬˵һ㹻ĵصۻս߸ɴôת
ǣҲζŻлвˮĲǻᱻֻ
ʶŹ¡ԥһ£û´ָʾֻǴߴˮǼӿٶȣϽʣĵǰ;Ԯͬʱȥ֪ͨƽ֚㣬
λںˮߣȴһֱ˽С΢ġΪǹģľ޴ζкܴԱսܸĻˡ
֮ΨһӦԷԴпһսĴֻǰʱ䣬֮ȫƽ֚öϡ
Ź¡ָӵһֻ֧вԼ־ĦˮڣǺȪԼոĻͥĵ·ˡҪ־סģʿǱزٵġ
ԥȫٻˮڵһڳһϧײҲҪֹо̬ҲΨˣЩǺޱսĽڡ
Ȼ̬̬ﶼֻҪ治ɵӣײǲʵģ˫Ǵ͵İլӲҪƴĽܿơŰ֮⣬ñڡ໥Ǳʱˮսĳ̬ǰֻһ壬ΪԽ˱ܵĴڽսлռݸơ
ǾŹ¡ôҧȻ޾ӣԸʹŵдľԽԽ
Ӽľ룬û೤ʱ䣬̵һǧңžŰٲ˰ٲ˫Բãһֱٲңͬʱ٣Сת򡣣ɣ1ԼΪ1.8ף
ͬʱߴϵĹּ֣֡Ҳһ˷׼
ⷽǴ˸ƽָ֣ӹǱƴˮսĳϡȱ۲ֶε£ҪϽʵʾԤԱȡ˫ڼٵǲϽӽһʱǺҪģ̫Ļ첻в̫Ļ͵ȳһε˵ĹһƵһżԵġ
Ź¡ȫעĿתڹһʮʱϻɤŸߺ
׼õĺǣԵŵ˵ķк
Ĵˮɵͣеƿķ󣬲֪ǷġսŵһŵĻ׼ֻҪŴ·С
һʮЩԶˣ³ȥʵʾҪһʱ䣬ֿԽǰӦǡô롣
Ź¡ԼҵˮսʵǺŵġȻٻָ࣬ϵѵռţҲǲһսġ
֮ǰѾϸǹ߶ǲŷˣûƣǿ汾¾ˡ
ʱȴͻȻ֣սʿ乭֮ʱȴѾ˶Էıͻʸ
ʱеؿȻһԤС

Ȼߵҽ֤Էָӹٲжʧ
Ǿ˵˵սǿڸԶ̱֤ʡ
Ȼֻ嵽ʮ𣬵ֶƿ֮ÿһ㣬ʤԱѡκͷѵԳΪѹյһݡ
֮Ź¡ﲻɵһɲԸϵͷҲˮ֮սԶھŹˮ֮ϣ
չһ㲻ͣ˫ᱣһľ룬Զֱ̹һܲסѹֶҡռϷһŻῼǷ
Ƚս£ѵȡָӡȵۺռŵһܲ²ȡʤһҪǼѵġ
ĳ浱ȻܴҾƣһ㺣߱㹻ʿִ
ػҲǺѵģûɽֵϣҪִսҪٺתٶԶڶԷУٶսǲɼõġ
кţǧƵļʸ衢չڿл죬ɫѤȻںϵսʿǿЩǲ֪ʲôʱ䵽ԼͷϵĴʸͱһ䵽װϣпը֣Ũܵḷ́ټ֮˻ߵŭ뾪㤵ĲҽɹĻ档
սԶⲫôѪģ߲۵ˮлǵڴϣں˵Ļ档ʵʵ֣һ㶼
Ź¡ѾסˣǲɢŶҺҪױȫͶ˶ϾΥڣҳƴ²ա
˵Ĳδܵõֲ
˻Ź¡ȴԸܵõȾ֮£ԷҪһЩԼƻȶҡ
ҸΪص龰ͷȥһŵĴӣֻвһܼʱ˵֮Ͷս󲿷˻ûͷ
۴ˮĺӣȻбʼ̿ơ
ƽһڻеڶ֧վˡոϵǰլſĲ£ԥضȥ̬ҪԵıĵˡȻųơ·ˮսǿѴﳤҲں
ȻʮΣֹ۵źš
ͬһ֧У˴֮Щ˽⡣Ź¡ԼΪѴﳤ֧ӻǱȽϿɿģոʧ˶پӢʱ򣻶լſ¾öֻ࣬סʮֶ䣻ںȪЩլûеˮȫǴġ
ҲҪת׼ˡ̫ԣϵƽּκβԼλҪסҺǰҲȫû顣
Ź¡ʼδѡͷġ
˵־ĦˮǿһңԱѵҲһ˿Ȼǰʧȴʱܹ
ڰй㣬ʱתʵʱͻȻҲԶʻѾĴֻҵƽּҵļƺġ
ֻȼҴСʽʮֶأ˶ķ緫
ƽּؽνս
ѵҪû֮صġߡǾȼ
ǰұϰŰɣʵΪƽּǱƻƭˡ
˵Ĵ󣬵֣̫̫խվ˵׺٣Ҷ࣬һ޷Ӧҷɣġ
ھŹ¡ȴϣԼĲ²ȫġ
ҲǼսʲôرսɡ
ӻȥȻû⣬վǻкܴʧġֻҪܴʤ̵Ļᣬ˭иʧأ


ʮ ᴬڣУ
ν޵һ޵ڶս֮йԵΪҵˣ²°֮ҪзֳôŶ޷ڵġ
ӲҪ꣬ӻҸ㣬ǵУյһ񡱳ԽɼģлΧ໥ӣѷֲ١
ѷΧˮս֮ڣȡˮϾ񡱣ܽѡģֻд伪һˡ
˵ʱϵĳ̶ȣֻǡ԰լ֮⣬ûκһͷĿܹ¡
ҪӺܾǰ
Ķʮ꣨1555꣩ʮأɽչĺëңžڼҵĻᣬ֮ѡ漴˫չսëԪͲˡݳݡƣھ͵Сϵˮ·ɱ˫̴󽫡
Ҫһˮ·˴ˮЭ
ʱδĴ伪ĸԸ£òͷ֮󣬲ŴӦˡһ֮ëѡ
Ȼһѡսһ֮ڻ¡ݴˮҴʹëԪ͵ĲԵԱԤڸ˳ʵʩȥ
ⳡսӰĸַչҲ𾪣ϵսйԽҹսͰսۣиսϮţëԪ͡Ͽ֯ų˳Ƶͬʱ伪Ҳͬٳɡƽ֚㲢УΪоеġ׹֮
ˮ󽫵֣ʱʼġһΪµˣʿĺǣеɣͬеĴ档
پŹ¡լſǳĽȻҲŲ˴СսδȡʤĹؼ
ֹ֮󣬽ϵʤͷëҳŤתƣΧڼҵɽڳǡʱ伪һսݺݻ˴ѼҵˮصĴ峤ٳٵòԮڳиС
֮ëҵ˱ֱϣΪӵɽɽ˹ȺۣˮҲձգëҳȥҲõһչ
ֻչ̶ȣԶԶ伪Ԥˡ
ëҵĵʮˮȴޡǰǾܵ򵺡ȡ̴·ȡ룬ɿʲôµĲԴ
ɽɽȻһЩɽɽũҵҵΪƶ񤣬ˮࡣټ֮Աݸĵ᲻ʶëһ޷һ𷢲ƵģûʲôҪԴս
ʶ伪ʼΪԼĹѫûеõʵرԴ˹ڻ
˲ǣС紨¡һֱڰгԶԴϼҵķ֧ͼҳǽзֻ£ȻñȽΣʱ䳤ͷվ¶ˡ
áϡ֯ëͬˡŵʱ򣬴伪ֵһļϡ
һ̸ԼֻҪ伪꣬Ѽһ뵽ĺó棬ϼҽƽĸۿںлüԸһ൱ɹ۵ĴԼֵһᡣ
ȥ׾ݶգЩȻǺֵĶġ
ҲźԶ׼ķա
·غͽǮȻˣȴҪۣһλѣ򲻹ë֯ͬôأֻرԱƾУ֯Ͷ뵽ߵľޣ˵زܲǽȥ
ھȻ˵ӹţȻëԪ֯͡ųȥԶüǱ߸鷳ԭóݾ˭˵ⶼδʵǰߣС紨¡ƽ֚ҲϡõĽˡ
伪Ѿ󣬲ʮǰԹˣԥ˼룬ĥһȫ֮ߡ
Ǳǣڴëս֮ʱ²ӣ뿪ǰߣȻ󱼸ߣϮ֯ҵˮ
һȱ˵̬ȣսҲ㹻Ӱ죬ȴֱԿѪծһѶ顱أҲõѡǵ
ëҵƣȽɢԸƿǿһ̶ȵҡֻҪûŪ޲ĳ̶ȣºͲᱻùڳס֯ǽȻͬġ⵹ëԪжʺ񣬶ΪᣬûһٷƣӱѵӲ
ݶ෽鱨ϣһǡʱںҸɾϢɵһСĲɵĳ򣬳ƽ־½δʱɱȥ
ԣƽ־ǣͿôһĲ֮͡
еһ˳
ʮĴ伪ʤУʮĴ伪ϲǿİԡ
½һ룬һŵĵзӣõİӡ
ȻǸоŹ¡˱²Ҳʱ֯޵ķ䲿µˮڲࡣ
չ鸽֯İլſھˣǮװȫսҲȻָӺѵֻǷӹˮƽ
·Ѵﳤֵע⣬˵ıϼҵľӢ⡣Ҳǹ˶ЩȥΧ˱ǡ
伪δǰûҪ
վ콢Ĵ¥ϣֳ˵ġǧͲңžơ
սѾһˣ˫ȷѾʮ֣̺Ѫζ紵ɢĴ֯ˮȻֻвҴܹͶսʣµûȫУӵڰߡмļٵڴߴ٣ӱǵٶǱڹ첻˶١
½ܿǸʲôƽ֚㡱佫ļǧƣ˵нǰսϱСôҲܲϵ¡
һ൹Ƴ˶ԷԮҵǰûģƽֵļƺ;ˡ
֧ӹģ󣬵ÿһҶǰլĳߴ磬̴ַǰδ˼ʻսںս÷Ӧøͨİլ̫ɣ
һһҴ󴬣ƺевֻ֪ʱ齨ˮѵָӿ϶ǿȥҺ׵ûСƺ󹥻齨֧ӵˣһʵս鶼
伪ǲһصһڣҰլʮҹشʮС紬ǰȥӭСȻͰĿת˻ȥ
սϣˮѾŲ棬ڿͣս߳϶ڹλãֳΧļơֻҪչߣѵоȫΧڰߣһ̾ȡüս
һٽ·ˮ֯ˮܴҴȡ÷ı꣬ϽԤڽɻŪսӦû⡣պںҪ쳹֮ˣлĻϡռݵ·ձൺϵĲչһǧϡ
ʱӦþƽƽκˡ
ʱ򡪡
䣡䣡
伪΢΢񣬳δʱһͻȻӲߴ˫һԶ˵ϡ


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伪ĵѣƽһζԺϵĵ˲¸С
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Ź¡ϲ⣬ʮԼѶǶ֡
ʽսŵȾųһݶӣٰ˰ٲ1440ףľ룬սķ򣬰뷫ʻоһڿطȭͷСĵ³ȥ
ʱƣЩӵĿʱ򿴵ǡŭһʿɽʱеĻ⣡
⻰жˮ֣Ƶȷŵовսʿ˾𹭻ͶӣֻͣĿɿڴضġִɵ⵱ȻҲټ֣û伪ϴ
Ȼһڻûдκˣû˶˿˼˵ûע⵽¡󲿷֡ڡԼԵһͻȻס˲˵ʱûʵʵɱˡ
رǱȥ赲ЩִĶʮսϵˮǿԲµһǽʲôֶΣҲԼܵ˵軮ƳյĶҿûѾ˻ߴļ
֮ǡȻ׷ʲôǾúӡ
ѾҲһŴ⵹ҲѵõĽᡣⷽ潲ھ㲻ɱˣսá
Ȼƽ֚㻨˶ǧǷһǧծ񣬹ʮ16ںͰʮ7ڣ齨ɣڵһ֧ýսˮȻֻһֻ˵ļһѽ
˴Լһʱ䣬˽ڵĺ֮лعᵽʵʲδܵ˺һ㡱ܵĳдΪᣬǸø
ʮҷֶӱǰͼҺʻġִˮչΣػأڳΧ׷½ز̬֮ƣŹլѴﳤڿ֧ţռƵĵ˶䣻һȺӱȻָ¡赼ͨϵһӵĴֻҾϾ⵽˻ʸͱӵĹ
ʱѾһЩǰ߽ܴͧ©ˮ³ˡ󲿷ֶƽ־һߡսľŹսԽİլҿʼһҽһҵʧֻѴﳤӦսγɹѩģͼȫ޷ֹ
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һҳŶʮ˵ĹشӲдϣ۶ϳأˮͬŸͷһϵˮһлôʧѾǰ
ͬҵĻһװ˽ٱİլӴ¥ϲӹҴǰǽһ󽫺ˮͷһѪģĲ֪壬ˮС
Ȼ֧𶯶ӣͺ˱ȸղŸĿ־;̵С
ͻôҲֻ˶ѣѪܵʵսкܴġ
˿λٲ֮⣬ĪѸװĴ͵裬Լŭβ赲ƣݻһɶʮĹش
ٲ֮⣬ݻһҴ
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ȫ߸ʶ𺳣侳ʿ޷˼ղסֶ˹һʱܶ벻ֻǴľͣԭأ˿Ӧ
״̬˺þãֱת˸һڽ˵ֵ𶯶ӵˮǲγѣæҵؿʼˮ桪ȻҲ֪Щûãһܰһ㣡
սһҹشһС紬һҰլβ
αе˾ûôˣǱϾǴˮľӢֽԴ˸еӦһ㡣ټܴ֮󽫵ָҲʱˡ
伪ȻҲе壬Ͼսöˣһ̸ϷǳϤȴҲе˽⡣ܿ˵νڡսġ
ͣɴǧһȷʵʮֿžȻҲûȱģ䷢Ƶʼ׼ҲʮֵͣǺȶ
֮巢Ϊ𶯶ӰճϰߣۼܼȻӡ
ʶ伪æͨͺָӣ֪ͨӸı䷽
Ǻ񶼴ɵһԸźӶţɴǲС紬ͨԭʼķݾ
ǾһĿ껮һߴţлڣҪɢΣ֮Ǵս
Ϊ˳ҲܻʿĲֻҪᵽ˲ʲôʥĹֻ֮һַɣˣа취ƽġ
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ı𶯶˷ӦʣµĶʮҴŲͬǶȴɢΣٴӸԵķִȥָӵõѵ㣬ĻǼõģշɢֻ˲ϢС
ȻڼͬʱЩִҲת棬ı䷫򣬿ʼȫٵбǰ
̬ٲȻҪƹʮұ𶯶ӣֱ˴ˮıȥ
ȻڷĺٶϿ϶޷ķȡƽ֚ɹĻרڽսġάˮǳխת죬㣬ΨһȱǴ㸲ںĴˣ
Ա𶯶ӾֻؿŰҷ߷ɳ۶ȴ
˫̲֮£ƾǲѲġֻҪٲϼˮڡӾȫûκлᣬƽ־16ڿһǧϾ7ҲԴ߰˰ٲ⡣
ҴųݶӣƵ˴ˮܼߵĺ󷽣˱յĵĴ䣬ӺǵΣȻת䣬תһٰʮȣͷΣߴΡ
ڻûɳɱˣֱ˴Ϯȴ޷ֵĸܣʵ̫ˣ
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Ź¡ͰլſѾҡҡ׹ڱɢıԵˣڿ󷫴ͣȼһ㶷־֡
Ѵﳤýٴѷɫˮľ񣬻óöѵǹʮõսһķ֮
Щ½Ӱߵġͨ¹ֳӱֻͬǰ̵ؼսȻսϣҲ˷յġ
ؼǣƽ֚ڴƴܾˣȻԿȪȡò䣬ų󸻺Ҫ
伪ȴȻͬˡǴëҶĹؼʱڣҪһʧ󣬱ӣ⵽Ǻޣǿ̫ˡ
ǹ˼֮󣬹´ȫͷԺΪǰӣ̻ܵ
źŷˮнֹս
Ҵһתʱƺ󹥻İҷߣÿ·ΪޣһôˣϽսһǴͱɡ
ǿ׷ںڻͺռǶˣҶԷѾɢˣڵزÿ
Źլ̱ԭأȫ׷ӱᡣѴﳤǻе㲻ģֻʣʮܲܶ׷ġ
ԪԪ꣨1568꣩³糿᪺̲һҺս˳ϵ֮˹Ļ


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ɢ֮ʤ߿ʼɨսս
˶нٺĸо׷ƽּ۹һ֧׳ֱҪȻҾпҪΪھĹ¾ˡ
ƽ֚ҲңϮȷʵ֮⣬Һڽáһֻ֪ǡϵͭãʮξըΣա伪ŹʮڻȻֵĻǿɾ޲ˡ
ˣ½ûܵʲô˺һʱܾǲʺϰԭƻ˵õԸԭƣʱ̵ȴ
ԼҪǡιǴ伪ţëı⽫غǷҪ⡣
дһϻڳҲԪﵱͽʯűίΣǰëأ̽ʵ
Ρڡľ㳤ʹҪϴŚױŻصȪ֪᪸ͨ˽Ƿʲô䶯
⣬ΨһһļҳϣӺͳʹС紨ľһ¿ܵ
ǸԵ٣ҳ൱ۺ졣
Ŵûʲôն֮ľȫǱƾհߪġȲﳤгҲӹڽѧԶ׼ĲžߣֲﰲҴϵĴ壬ҳͨлԻ͵ĹǳҰйΪ֪ȹϵ
ƽ֚Ӻ൱̶ȵļޡ
ͬŵļ޵ȻȨƴӰ졣ǰзȨҲͣڴˣκξʵ񻷽ڶ첻֡
ξżȻΪ֮û˵ˡ
ıʿְҵ˵ǻ¡ȱϵ֧ţԵ㹻͹ۣΪκȺĴˡ
ǰ飬Ÿη
ȣȡԭƶϣëǲ̫ʱַʽ֯ҵԼģаٺһ
һ㣬ƽ֚һ˼ʾͬ
ëҪͼı֯ĿǰĵλҲӦöų⣬Ϊһ֧ƫʦĹϵһ̣óȻı룬ǿѣȻǡëԪϣȴԲͿ
֮ܶëҵĿԲߣֵûɵǴ伪Ϊ
Σͨʹ߰ݷС紨¡ľ伪бȨıԵɡС紨ҳʤڲֱˮĹģפˮԶȡ֮˼
˻ƽ֚ͷȷʵǸҪǵĿԡ
Ⱥ»磬ڳƳٹƴѹԣëõֶ𣿶Խǲž߳Խ⵽ѹΪҲòҳϱ㶯ҡ
̶ܴëɵģԿ˷ġ顱⡣
󣬱ؼԵһ㣺ԭίǡϵĻҼҵҲа취ġͬʱڶ෽
ⷬŪĻƽ֚Щȣת룬־ȻϱŵĿ⣬֮һЦ
ȷǿеĴںͼʧʱ򷴶Ϊءȡ·Ѿ㹻˳ˣ˳пʼɵĳ̶ȣǡҪһЩϢƽء
һҵʱ򡪡ֻô˵е̫Բսʿˡ
ƽ֚епﰵ˳֮ã漴ﳤ׼
ͳƽڰʱ֮ˡ

ܹҴֻаʮѾû޷άˣаҴͰլ⻹һһʮشҪǣȥԱֽӽ˰٣˵ٳһǧ
ŹլҶķ֮һҵʣµķ֮ҲǳƣʧȥսҪһµ
Ѵﳤͬķսʲ߷֮һٿǵǰ컹ǿׯʱԪսȷʵǾ˵ġ
ӱ죬еĲʮӾͱ˽룬еһֱûüսʧЩǲΪмġ
Ψƽ֚İȫûκ˺ǿȶĺ磬ٶȻᱻ׳Զ
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Ψйֱ۵İլſʵˣҹ۲죬һլңشʮңС紬ʮҡ
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ȻһôŶû̫ģֵһǣԷ˹УмҴٶȣƽ־²ˡһػС;ʮսҪ
ܹ֮ƽ֚˼
ȣ۴Ǵ伪˽Ϊëת䣬ھδ£Ĺˡ
ĵ·ȣͬʱˮҪʱעںϵĶֹˮĲëҵĶ֮оƻ
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췢ⳡսȻЩѿջǻ˵оƽ֚ڽѴﳤı֡
ʵ׹İڽ˺棬ΪЩʵѵ׶Σ̹ٺͷָӣʱŵһǧĶģԳơĽ̹ǳ²Ϊ˵
ʶʵϱ͵ƽָ֚ˮ
Ҫ˴򽻵ְλΪǸ¡ֻйĳǿɽһܻ䣬յر
ڽû˷ʱ𶯶ӾٶвзǱߴˮĹؼȻƽ֚´󾭹ݵϵģɽһִܹҲΪˡ
գƽ֚Ŷʣдһ׼͸֯ųսݸ塣
ȿºڣ಻ҪǮݴʣԭȵĲȱһٴüҡ⵱Ȼȫǳ
ȻŨī˽յʧˮ룬޷Ĺչֻ᪵ܽļСݵˡ
ȻҪǿ֮޴󣬴Ϊˮı̫ͻȻӦ¡ڽսǺ͵ġ
ٺԾ齨ڽӽһʵᣬΪһ۲ƣʵԲߣֻضõİߡ
ƽ֚Աŵıʺʮ⣬һδһδֽݸ崫ݸŹ¡ƽλĶҲûܵʲô
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ֱ˳飬Էظλʱ󣬵߹ˣʵһΪҪʾأ
ƽ֚ݸ˵ұֻ׼ȡСأ
ΪΣ
ƽ֚꾣ʱҪЩزźá
ɣǰЩ첻ǻ˵¤񡯣ɹϢ𣿡
ƽ֚Цһʱһʱպܿˡ


ʮ Ĺ¾ƣϣ
ôһƽ֚غ˺Щ졣ƷչҲڲϵı仯µϢ½
籨ɵȵصսҳͨǧڴ˴Ϊԭ᪹ȡУ٣ȡýݱҲʹ׷˵ӣֻԭԮ
óݱ˵Ҫģıʮ֡ȷʵԼڷţҳͨ˳֡
ʱҳͨڵĻҶҡ֮ʱϴ·ͻ˵зͣоɢһʤҳͨҪͼЩоʱóȴͻȻ˳սص泷ˣ·ߣ󲿷ֲӵԴ
ʱƽ֚ʵӦһϵͻϮսҲĹ˼ЩˡҳͨȻ˸ۣһֻԤʼûҲֻΪԱ׷СóݾͰȻشǧ൳򶫱ˡҴ˺ɳڷԲʮڶҲǵټˡԴΨһĺ;ǡóѾŴֻ뿪Ĺǰ˾ݻɽȵأ
ǾͲò伪֧ˮĳˣ˻Ϊ˶ʼ²⣬伪Ƿó
Ȼ󣬾յ˸ִš鱨ż²ⱻ֤ʵ
ԭ伪Ѽҡϼҡüͬʱǩ飬˰пᡣֻʱüһóݵԭѹͲ
ңԼҪ֧伪һԭҲһóóȻһȱĽӳӳûȨͲƲԼһЩϵ
óط֮ϵ˴伪ҲЧ˻֮󣬾ʹӺ·ȥϼҵأȻʼϢû¶ˡ
Ҳ˵ƽ֚֮ϮǴ伪Լıë֯ԡʵ棬С紨¡ƽ֚һܺߡӾ᪸յĻӦҲ˵ëȻҾѣɡ
γɲô˵ġ
ƽ֚ȥһʷ޶Ϭţʮίȴ̵С紨¡ΪβˮҡϢ
п˵
ն⣬ʵ˵Ҳˮ˼Ǿ͵ǹ϶ԸĿƳ̶Ⱥɣ⾡Ǹʵܳϡ˵ΪʵԲžܳϡ
С紨¡Ǹܶεˣֱ˵˵ϹԼұʾһƽ֣֚˫˵ζһǧϵˣһ׾ݵëң治һС֡
ȻǮվС£ǣС紨¡·պĹϣͺֱּۻˡ
ɴףƽ֚Ե·᪵ġԴɹԱʾëҶЩز졣
һ棬ҲԪ׵ǧԭһǧ˵֮ǰνġƽӵġαټܵܶץ׼͵ȥ׸
֮ʵѾԸˡҲ̵Ĵ׷ϣһս
ҲԪ쳣£Ҳʮսֻվ١ԭΪȽʵóǿǼսҲռ·硣
Ҳ޷ʤ׷ˡΪƽ֚㻹һء
ʱ򣬿쵽ˣļũæѾԭ˱ٷȣһǧذͬʱ·ߡ
ҲԪбص߾ŵ̬ƽ֚һһңӦ
ٺܵѺ;Ѵ⡰αٱಡ˷ܲ˵Ͷ٣˰·ϡǵ˾űиȫͨ֯ǹ֤
ѶĲκã㿶ظˡػְֻۡͳʹ߲ûֱǰշתƽ־ͣΪָʾ
Ǹʮֽƻľٶ൱ǰƽ֚㿴ĻسҲǸһ֯Ļᡣ
޽ĵؽܣųܲ˵Ķ壬òܾƽ֚һʱ治ôҲ֤ʵ֮ǰ뷨ľʤڵƽ±̲ġ
ôӡҲԪ׳ΡػϢͷȷˣʽδɡëձͿߡҲûмʱʼеȱ
ȻССһڣȨϷСӣȨʾҪƽ֚ɹȥдһϱʾһҪԴΪأССĴ⣬һʱ
ҲԪϮսֵԭˣкܶ˲ףΪʲôһƧСһҹ֮ټǧأ
ĵ֮󣬡һ㡱￪ʼΪ֪
ԭҲڣʵһϵеķȹ涨һǣгԼ45ĶصڣҪ׼һףκʱ򣨰ʱҲЯţһյϿ׳ս
ȣΪ˼ӿ춯ԱٶȵģȥȷȻũǻؼĹ̡ؼƺܿ죬ǧˣĥĥĻ춼ϡ棬ڳǺܲġ
ƽ֚չԽũæʱҲԶ⣻ҲԪʱûԶԾչũѹեڵĶԱֲͬ˼·սϽҲһǾƽ֚챾ģսϻԾͲúԶˡ
֮ܶҲǳױ
ԭһ̬ѡüı⣬ɿİչǧӺ󷽶˵ҲϳϳҲԪøյõػƤ߷˰չ߳ɵĲ£չʣ²ǧˣεӴܵ˰ΪԭµĿͽ
ʱڣƽ֚ҲڽרĶԸ᪵ĵͷǡصĹѾҳͨȷˣǧ˶䣬λսһиһѹɨٶʮֻ
ǣĹϣȻǶ෽ս֮⣬ֳ㶦ơ
ԭɿŰȫ᪵֮Լһ֣ԼжһأĽеóˣҲˣӵֱɱ󡣵ͬʱͳεĲضųˣʣµͬ飬֮¼ҷȷŽϱлǿҲ¹˴ʧˡ
ĳҲԪռ߰˳أļǧϼ˸˵ʵʵǺܲ㣬ֵҲرùҪغػģȻš
ƽ֚ԺȪΪڶ̶ڣȹµ·ռ֮أбԼһһǧˡԽĺ̨һ·񡣲ҲǼˣҪһʱԭֲû¶ʲô©ҲԪҲȫΣʶʱҲûļƻ
֮ܶĹľƣھϵսֻ֮ص˿ճ־õƽС


ʮ Ĺ¾ƣ£
ԪԪ꣨1568꣩µ׵³ƽ֚󲿷ּҳĹϵľȹġ
᪹½½аһЩҪǣιػΪĿͷ㴨ҡһ㴨Ҷ㴨֮ͶüҲѾãǱȲŽġյԼ㴨Ҫһǧһʮ˵ıۣü֤صİ
дţռǳأԭȴӵжţոʧأ⡰Ȼ޴̸ˡ㴨֮ԴΪĻͥĿʵƽ֚и˻Ӧ
˵βšŨǺȪ·ϡ棬ѾǼ졣ֵּۻ۵ʱˡ
ּۻۣԵ޷Ҳô⣬ܷȫ᲻ʵмأҪҪӣҪĻɼ赣پۣǷϸˣ˾ôͣ˰˾ȨǷϽϽ̶ֳȡ࣬˫ʵԱȣǿ϶Ҫϸϸãдֽġ
ȻдֽҲζŵ˻ʵʵԼǸϵԼеõġ
ƻʱͻſɶȡսʱĩڣǿƴø̵ֿķԼڣ佥תΪԼļҳνġһԪ
ƽ֚ȻһԪ̵ȷ棬ںȪȡڶǿľǡ˰͡״
˳ʵʩǽʵռѹϵġ᪣ƽּҲٴھԵϷ磬ºѶԹʩЧѹơ
˵㴨֮ʲôͺܹؼˡһĳЩʵʵҪָôأӦĻͻᵼһԪ̵жˣܾĻֻγһͣһ֡ƽּҲĹˡӡ
ǵӭ˶Էʹߣȴ˴۾
㴨֮ءۺ˾ȨȵлⶼûôἰΨһдżԸǡµƽּˣΪ㴨ϣһλԹҫ鹵̡
֮æɼҳȥҵ˲֤֪ԭ㴨֮ѹ˲ۿ̫кˣΨһĶӣǰˣ̳˵⣬һֱܵš
ҪŪС׵ģʵѡˡüһóϣһԼ֧ݹǱ۶ҵԴ㴨֮Ȼͬ⡪һպͶ׸ָգ㴨ǵڶϾˣ
ӭ֧ͻաǷ֮ѡӵأֻᵣĸ̫ǳվסšվסˣҲµ
õֶΣɫһ߹󣬵ûʵȨļ塣Ļسһý϶ŵڣӡǰ
ֻ㴨֮һȻЩϾʿŸߵǣһûʲôġʶΣԴΪ롰µƽּˡæ
治ѣƽ֚㶼ѾĻǰִ˹ϵʮˣҲӣһλʵŵͯʵڲ⡣
ͷͬ£ȥ㡣
ȻظӦʰæ칦ҳüĶ󣬰һɫݡȶ֪ŵڡ
磬ƽ֚˳н㴨֮ԴΪͻƿڣִ˲ᶨˡ
ԭԴ˺ް취ֻڱüȣӾԮҲȻġʵ͵Ƿƽ־᪵ռУҲʣڵĵֿȻ塣
ʱһξµĹ᪴󲿷ֹڶȰȻƽ־ģֻʣ¼ܹʿҰĴӴܴλ
ڼƽ֚㡢ԭҲԪҾȻӵţ඼żɵû¶ʲôһֱ·̶û
õļᣬʼջʿеƣģټ֮ڼɵձ飬㽥ճ̡
ƽּҵ챾ũרҵʿԳսֻܼǧ࣬ȴٶһЩũܾµ뾳
ԭͳҲԪ׵Ĳũֻߡ
ۺսǲˣôһݷ
ղȥԱϢһսս
һ³̣֤һڲɸ꣬ԹۺЧҲս
ǲʽףɸΪ񲯣ʱ۹ŵսȥԽս
վʵĳҲԪ׵ϣ˽µģϣڳƽһʣɵĵ̣Ҫ밢ԭһƽ
һ棬ػ߶ƽ֚û֣ʼղܷġҲԪԸͼ̸áˡӲͷƤʾֻҪһ£ҼԿһս
ԭ˵һĹ۵ǲɱӣͷϵ֯ҷͻӦݱܷâȴǱڵķ֮֯ж
ʱɥʧһأ˼еĲȶطˣóݵҲתˣüУȫԭ־ͬϵġĹɡˣǴҵĹͬԸ
߶ͳһ뷨ƽ֚£˵硣Īһˡ
ΪʤͷѵãӦ֮ԣΪЩԮԺٽȽаգΪңȪռݵ̳Уû˾һϵĺƽǱҪġ
۹ۣվȨ
ƽּҳξͲ˵ˣäĿġϰߡʹŹ¡ʱԮҲκεɡΪһʤ󲿷ֶƽ֚һ֮͵ġ
ҲԪǚ߻еģĻ޷ܾĽǚ㻨ѴģܵˮϮʱչʾ˾˵սվĹϣȡսƷҪ
һλıԶǵĴ󽫣˭ָҶжʾأ
ƽ֚㿪ڣȴһʽϣټλسһòʱ״ʵҵȹ·ȡ᪣ڣ
ֱ߹ֱ˼ػش˵ˣȡ·Ϊںȷ߽ͨ᪣ΪԹأȡû壬ʹ·Ϊٵǰһߡ
ʵƽ֚֮ǰģܻԼĻҲ˵һʵ⡣
ƽ֚ޱصͷĬһȻֵĿģѾﵽ𣿻Ĺϣʲôأ
⡭
һ̲ס廰常ˣֶ죬Ĺ˳ҾüҵԭҲϾҪˣʱظĻδ̫ϧ
𣿡ƽ֚ޱ飬ҡҡͷʣԭϾͻᱻ𣿡
Ҳ˵ˡ
ȷʵԭʧȥص£Ȼס˶ڵν˹Ŀ࿴ˡǿ״򵹵ˡ
ʱһֱΪȷսҳͨͻȻԵˣһҵ˸õĹԷɡ᪲ģԭַӹ֣ڴĹ罫õ׻ʵĵط
ҳ˰ǡﳤסһʾͬ
׽س̬ȣɵƽ̬֚ȡ
ڽʶҪˡ
ֻеԭ򣬾ǲǱô򵥣˵ˡ
Ҳ̫࣬ƽּ㣬˼ҵĲãôܿأ


ʮ δչ
ҰʿҲԪףҰݼƽּˣʵҡ
ոսͣ£ƽ֚ӳ̽Żδմأһֺɤǰ
ѭȥʮʿСǰ׹ŵ̬
ͷǸʿȥԼ󣬸߸ݣ޳Ƥ𪣬üĿ㣬νŮ࣬һƺ룬»бϴԱķա
ġӡȻ鴫˲ǳҲԪף˭أ
ǳҲڴ𣿚٣
עҲԪ̳丸Ĺ;Գơٸǲܳ͢ϵġԱµġڡȫָ
״ƽ֚㻹ûµվȣҲӦʾ
μ棬ԷôԼȻҲҪԵôһ㣬ôҲǽܡǰ
ƽ֚ţûʲôס
ȴǳҲԪһ·ߵǰͣ½Ų֣صصϥأȥʹ˸ͬʱ˵ƽּˣҳҲ֮壬ʵڸмԪ׷Ʊ֮ˣΨиģλԱˣ
һ仰˵꣬ԴȴȻ漸ֵĵط˿û˼
ѽ⡪ǡңңƽ֚Ȼһ˲ϽǰҲԪףȥüӹ߳ȵôŵģΪһػĳҲӭأ̫ʧˣ
ⷬٶȫȻαƽ֚ȷʵŶΡ
Ӧõ٣ܹܡַȴǱԴġ˫ǰĽǻݻֵóҲԪмģ
ȥϵƽ֚޹λֻǸȪػѣֵػһô˵ͨڡĺһ仰ʲôţǼ鼴
ӹһԲеίȻΪʹǰȷϸȫǴʩѾź˻̣Ҳܲ˳ҲԪʱⰡºҲǣʼֻ˵·̫ƣڸ䡱˭֪׼ôׯصأ
Ȼ쵼ˣѵ㻹˵쵼òԣ
ֻǷϴˡ
Ȼƽ֚㻹װģѵ˼䣬»عųҲԪ׵ֱۣǸ飬ǷùڵЦˣƽնԼҳڹ̣ܽŪһ֪
ҲԪ״ƺЦЦҡҡͷ˵ܹҵأǱִҪлģֻΨһݣﲻ֮һĸм֮鰡
ҡԷԽǹƽ֚㷴ԽæУָġػһ£Ҫǹ˵ĻʶӢĹͣǹڵȷʵǹֻ֮һ΢СĹܲܲ
⻰˵ʵ޵
ƽ֚ǰҲԪѾ߳أΪһػʵѳȴλְַҲȽϿ񡰼ӡˣֻҪʾ˶ġӵͲѵõһ֡
𵽵ĲһнáȻнҲǺҪģǵԹȵڡ
ҲԪ⻰΢Цҡͷһ¸飬ŻԣȷʵвټҳãҼռһ֮ػְ۱ֵõģȻôЩŶҲģм֪²ܻ֣
˵ӡɫʼ̾һŽŵȸμҶ֮ʱǱ˥ӣ˼ҷսʮ꣬һüҵЩ󣬵ʼδóҲ֮쳹й֮ʣȸڳơҵإأȡһػְãĿգȥÿˣԪΪӣƽҵüȴȸԸʵڸڣ
أƽ֚һʱ벻ôˡ
ղŶԷ˵ʲôԪ׷Ʊ֮ˡô¡һòͦĶţȴ׵úܡ
һ߼ʿԵķʽ˵ʲôӦóһ´塱ҷȡ֮ĶԼĺϷԡǰĳҲԪף˿ûгЩĵֱ˵سϡǸӾҰģ뵱ػ
ƽ֚һ׼Ļܾǰһﵱһ¡͡çײֱġһ֮򡱰ˡ
ԭʷеĳҲԪףȴһʮֺۣɲ̶ֻѣȺɱԼĶ˺ͽ򣬲֯ëȴ֮ݺأղŵһͳĹ
ĳЩϷ֮Ϊ֮𡱣˼ȱǿеƧưԣʲô¡ĹôҲʮϵ˿ˣȴֻɳһֻѵֵùע
ԭʷͬˡƽ֚Ĺ֮ǰ֪˳ҲԪ׵ĲžߣͬʱҲ˽⵽һҰġ
ԣپտҲѴ˵һʵɿ˿
˲ĲӦ֮ƽ֚ѾӦˣԷһϵΪԲǳѾ£ǳŽȥġ
Ҳ˵ҲԪȻҰģȴʱûжչģϣӵһⲿĶ硣ҲԭʷϴãǡܱߴĹ
˶ܿ֯ųѶĹȤƽ֚ľȨ͸ΪҪˡ
ҲԪ׽Ե÷ǳܴѾͨʵˣçײͨΣҪһܺõĴ֡ⱻӥȮצּɣֻҪܳԵ⡣
òʲôϵǿԮǸǮҲѽ˵ƽּһ˰˼ʽ֮ޣƧֱǲ˰
ƽ֚㾶ֱضǰˣ΢΢Ƭ̡
ԷͼˣȻ󡭡ôôأ
˵⣬òԥѶϡ
һ֪ԭʷĴԽߣԱȽϰĵؽšﳤ֡γãҪԼԦҳͨͱ뼯ʮ־ԸˣҲԪ׵Զҳ֮ͨϡ
뻢֮򽻵ȻҪðűҧһɵΣաɹʹ֮ĳɾ͸УҲġ
ڣȥԼ͵ҰأôͳʷʽֻסĵˣԾѻʱǲ̫˼޶ġҪͿơ
ʱҲԪ׹һ䣺֪֯ﵯ͹ˣĹϵ£ʲôָʾأ˵֯ﵯϣ˼Чˡ
ֲεر¶˹Եͼչ¶ӡ֡´ĶӺ̰
ƽ֚عЦһЦȲ𻰣ȴһ⵽ղüҵԭҾ̸֮µ𣿳ԶĻ⣬Ժ˵ҿվ˺þˣҲЩˣֻȱأ
ޡޣԶԣˮѱãҪƷҲԪʾǡôľһĨת˲ŵʧɫ֪м漸Ǽ١Ͻ쵼ߡƣͬʱеµطʵòʲôݵĶֻһȥӿӹĲҶ˼¡
̫̫ˡ֪ԷԼƽ֚ӲͦӲһЩҲóһλߵ
Ȼ䣬ӳҲԪ׵ĳϣһӤĿ
һŷʮȻһǱٵĸŮ׳ֲڣûӣȡӡˣһۻֲ
ƽ֚ڵǺιʰ
ޣˡҲԪͻȻʲôæ͵ģǰЩ˵Ĺոӣñ˵ĴӲŸ£һ򽡿úܣǱ͹Ŀ
û¡
Ϊƽ֚òܳУҸӴҲʲôܣƽּϲ˾֪ģ㲻ϴ˵¡
Ͼ㡰֦ɢҶĹһֱ˳δѾ˶һŮһҸӣʵڲעĿ
ҲԪΪһոʶˣȻ˻ҲǺˡ
൱ǣʣʾӣ
ӣƽ֚ԶɵҲòͷ֣ͻ᲻ƽĹϵ
㱾ⷽ׼ˣֻǷֵͬʱҲҪͨһЩֶοƲǡ
¹ݡ⣬˳Ԯǳ벥ĥ֮⣬˳һ


ʮ ԭ
ۻĵص㣬λĹĵشԼڰ᪡ȹ紦һԼֻӣһפ໥䡣ֻʮµӸ档
ٽʩаɱҲʲôر𺱼¡һ㶼ǵڷܴЧܷ߱ժҶɻʮϰƤ»ɱ󽫵Ĵ̿ǲڵġ
ԭ³ȣʵҲɳ򣬷ȷ˰ȫ֮󣬷١
Բٲõڽʿ໥ң䱸ɭϡ
ΪոʹĵˣԭȻõʲôɫӭӡӴӹ⵹ĶţҲָֻ˸򣬱ͷٶ˵ϻ
ŵʱƽ֚Ѿеذ˫۰뿪أˮҲԪȴڲָ࣬ոմˮջȥǸ˲ˮһ
׸Ƶ̬ѿˡ
ǰδˣûκԥͽĿǰӰ˺š
йǽƽּ㡱ȷʵǷһյӣԶԶһƳչ¶ѰǸ޳ܵ˳ҲԪףҲһϵ񣬿Ƥɢ̰޳ܼζɶŵó
˵ǰ˳Ӻ;ηʨǺ߾ᷳͱĵͺ
ȻԼҲ֪һ߰˳ˣ϶ЩµģǸ޿ȡ֮СˣʵǶǰ̫ڻ޷Կ͹۵̬ȥۡ
һֱԭǸŻ磬۹ⳬǰĴܼңԼҵҵͿ๦ߵĽ졣û̫һ飬ķҲ࣬ʱһֻϲŭɫϺꡣ
ʶսȭͷüëŲҲɵ÷Ż
סǰһܣѾϴ󲿷ֵˣ޷ƽ͵شк
ʱƽ֚Ǹע⵽ֱͣͦ壬Ҫ˵ȴһԵĳҲԪȣ
߿ǰԭǳٵ̫ˣõƽּڴ˾úѵ֪ǷǳʧΪ𣿡
أԭе̲סŭˡ
˺εǿС̬˷θ
ֱĳνʽһ㾴ⶼûСǼһԴƽ֚⣬γԱȡ
ϸ룬ҲԪȻǸˣȴҲһԭȻմȨȴֻüҵļҳԷȷʵҪʲô⡣
ͨһ㣬͸ŭˡ
ԭӣǿ䲻ȵӲ˵һ䣺ƽּҲڣλͶԵĺܣҲѹͲţ
˵ͬʱﻹģǰ˿ȥûʣʲôʲôٸʲô߹ƵģʵѹֻԳƣܳ͢Ͽɣ
תͷһ룬ԼġҾƺҲһĻɫ
ƽ֚ڷˣҲڴˣԲӡԭҾʵ˲ѷĺܣΪ˼һʱҲ޷
Ǳӵǽһڣ˶˸ñӣԼȴֽԼڸߵλϣɫơ
˵ĳҲԪȻǸ׳ǣκη
Եԭȴ⣬ͼƽּޣҵο˭Ϻܣ˵Ҳδ
⻰ҲԳŭ⣬ȴûƽ֚κɫ
ֻЦһЦվҲԪҲæ߽˹ԭҾǧ򲻱ԷƱҶ£Ȼۣ·磬ȴһֱرɭϣδ¶࣬ݲžߣԳ֮ˡ
֮⣬ﲻԿˣѾܺˡ˺Ŀǣһ˵Ц󷽣ƽ֚˵һֲɵζ
ԭΪ壬һʱ벻Ӧ
ΪԷȷʵо˵Ǳ˹ϵĲſܽԪڵǽǿƽ֣Ҳܲˡ
ˣԭǳҲԪסڷٵƽ֚㣬һָ̬㽭ɽ˸òκ
ԭһʵǵˣûйäĿŵǱʶ;ԼǶ֣±Էѹȣ֮࣬ȴָеһ˿ңãƽ֚ΪܡǺֵø˵顣
ջһʩƽּ˿佱˽ǰҪ֮ۡ͡¡
УԳƵһίʾˡ
ʵϣҲȷʵԭ͡µİƾũΪٽ֮ʱʿҡúû㹻ĽǮƽµԹüǰܵļҵ׶óһΪˡ
ҲԪ׵ȻҲƣ⡣Ψƽ֚ʿѲϸߣʵǿӵũæʱս
ʶԭѾ˱թһ׼ֻҪ벻ףʹҧ
ƽ֚˵ͷӦսҶƣˣҲ֮⣬ֻмҪǰ˵һȥ޷֯ﵯ빫˽
뽲ԭ¶Ȼˡı顣
һƽ֚˼һָһ߱ɱϴԴ˵ıóݣޣӵαٵĴҪѴ˲Ȼļ֮ˡ
أ㲻صȺŶԷĻظ
ԭ˰죬ȴ¶ı飬ʵνġ˶𣿡
ǡƽ֚ʮƶ
Ҳ˵Ҽãǲʾ𣿡¹ҪԭҲʲôʣֱ˵һ⡣
·һѾԣ²˻ظüҡƽ֚
˵أ߽Ǯ桭
ƽ֚ɻ󲻽⣬üѵҷ˵òҪ󣬲̰ɣ
ʮԭæ϶Ļش𣬷·ǵĶԷı⡣
Ҫֹǲֱ̡ûҪ
óݱѾŭĽˣǳսҲŽѿǣܵءҪƸޣʲô
ǵ¾͸ˣ˶ˣһѵмӵļֵڵȻֻܳѵĺϷ˰
Ҳ˵ƽ֚ռһƣȴֻվͽ̸ܺˣ鿴ȥ̫Ծ
ԥ֮䣬ƽ֚ͻȻʱ뵽ʲôƵģֲ䵽⻹һ飬͵ıҪҲһ˵Ǿǣ֯ﵯ㽫ŮȻŮ޵Ĺҵ޽׵Ĺϵ
ӸԾˣҪʣ͸Ů
ǿ֯ҽףǰôȻǺġԺҪҲѣֻҪ³̳˾Ͳѡ
ԵģҲԪ׵Ѿˣ
ԭܻɻ󣬵ôŻݵҲΪһɻͷŹѽӿڵҵİشˣóΣԪδãδȢף֯ﵯ
ȵȣȵȣƽ֚ش˶ԷĿ׻Ե̬˵Ҳû˵ȷ˶ðش˰ʵ֯ﵯ˼ԭأԭĶӳأ䲻ҲܺҲΪѡ
ʲô⡭
˻һԭʧɫ϶˺ü¡
ԭҵĶȥȢ֯ųŮҪüںεذǵڷҵΪԭȻΪȨһǲϵġ
ûü飬ƽ֚ȴֲ˵ȻðأóΣӭȢ֯ﵯ֮ŮҲϲּ顣֯ҵŮһڰش֮󣬳Ϊɡ
⻰һ˼óγΪ֯ųŮֻŮô֯Ҿͻ֧ԭͲ޵йسݰѳȨ
ԭҪڵĻֹסˡ
ȷʵԥˡ
ڼΪҳҳͲȨջ
սʱóβŰ˾꣬ȻԭӹҲȻ
Ѿȥ˺üˣóѾʮˣԭȴȻûѴȨ
ȻһɣⲿƺܻңʮδӦˣ׳Կ
ʵأ
ԭȫΪģŰѳȨ
ҲֻеԼ֪
ҲԼδ֪
ǰⲻû뵽ֻǶرˡƽ֚ȴǱ޿ɱܰ
˭֯ﵯŮϡƽ֚òƺܿؽѡȨʵһźܲװõը
ԭüأĬΪѡ
ԼĶȥӭȢ֯Ů͵Ҫ۶üҽʣǵҵˣɹ֮ԭһԾΪʮʯĴ֧֣֯ҲѣԼʵǹⲻȥ
ѡóأʮСҶһ֯ųŮͲԶˡԭò׻ȡȨͻʧȥ
ȨȻ˷ǳ顣οʱΪϣٵһЩ˵ģ̨֮᲻⵽
óαʲô뷨Ҳ˵塣вѣ
߸ɴܵҪ󣿵һԷ˶ôأڶⶼ˵ȥ
һ˽ս֮ԭһѵľƽּˣת֯ﵯҪΪŮˣüҵļҶشˣ
ұתˡƽ֚Ƶص˵ͷȴЩп
øԭҰĺҳ֮䣬ѡҳϡ
ʵЩ⡣ֻǲ֪᲻Ϊ˸ۡ
һߣҲԪҲ˿Ҳˣ֯ҲûķûԭҲĿǰΪֹĹΨһġ֯߹ݶ˵̫Ҫˡ


ʮһ 뷵
ԭҲԪ׵һ̸֮ǩһЩ͵³̡
ֽԭüιٵκ񣬱ʾӵ̬ȡͬʱصĵͼ˲ᣬЩر֯ռСᵽ򡢺Ȫɽǡ͡ڡ·漰ؼ
ϣĹüֻһּҶѣ̡صռ첢ޱҪȡԭͬ⡣˥΢ǷּҸӣŪôʽҲеġ
ƽ֚֯ͷϿ˰üҵĺϷλǿԷûв߱ɱϴԵıҪΪ˱̫𡣽ֻҪŬ롰ǻޣٷʲô´󣬾ͲĻַ
⣬ػʽݵ˳ҲԪ˰ɡëձͿþߡӴԺʽϴеλĴˣֻǹ˾һµĹڡһͳһ衢֣ǺҪġ
ҲԪ׵ȻǻϲأϳֺС˵־顣ˣѵõһΣƴ˴յٹ𣬰ƽ֚׸ӢĹˡ
ƽ֚㱾˷ûõʲôΪʵûʲôõóֵĶˡҲԪ˴ӹӣٶԶκκˡܽӶǧǿԼսϣʵ
Ӿƽ֚㲢һȳҲԪǿ١֯ųسĻվ̨ίдػõ֤߶ȫһġԸҰĵĳҲԪײŸԸʸ̬
͵ǩ֮ġĸ͵˾᪸ǣġ
֪Ѷ飬൱˷ܵġα˰·пܳΪαҲɱпܶĻļ̳Ȩɵˣһ˺üΨһʣµľųǸ岻ġŹ¡ˡ
ٵ˻Ӧһдţϲü顣нƽ֚ʹ˺ü٣Ϊ´Ķػ
˶ܿеĸôһְֿģųҪʩ£ƽ֚֯ҵĹϵ
һλԴ˾Ͳ̫ˡ
һ棬·ƽ֯ųҵǸıϣŹ᪣ҲΪİȫ˻壬֯˵ãһ棬ƽ֚ڹԹ̵У̧ҵյʤͷǿĻȨԣųԸ⿴ġ
ų͹ĻǼ򵥵һ仰֪ˣˡ
ûаӦȵԤ֮ڡ
ȴЩΡҵϵأλﶼĹϵ鲻̫ϵԶսǺҲȫûɡ
Ǽ֮ʱëңԡź͡Ϊ顣˵õ֯ëһԿѡϡõأôŴ˰࣬أ
Դƽ֚дŻӦΪԭëҵĴ伪ͻȻ꣬ҷˮɱˣԲûԭս
ȻëҾƿˡ
飬ȷʵëҶԸԼģûзռ䡣
伪ĵ꣬ëʱʧȥ˿纣սһʱܲĹƽ֚͵ʱҲûпǵء
첻ֲռţëΨһģǾܾ֧֮ǰ˵õġ⳥ˡƽ֚ǵǮʵҲôϡ

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ʹ֮ԭͳҲԪ׵ũѸپͽɢˣƽ֚½ʿȴǷġ
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ŚҲżûټ֣ǺܿظǧǮơͷ͸µһɣ
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ʱƽ֚˸񣬱ᣬеͷʾƻһ˳С
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ƽ֚ȻôȱǮҲԵ޹ʵظİٹġСѡǮӺصڲìܵġ
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Ӻصɲľһ˵ģǼʮҺ壬Ǽʮô㣬ҪӶĺ塣ᣬƽ֚ϣڲìܣӶȥֲ׽ƽּҵ
µΪһĴͲԴˣȫȨ˱ŵˡ
Ӻ֮󣬸ĹھҲȥˡƽѾӡȪ·Ĺġ²ڡܼƳǧˣȥҲǱǿ׳ģʵβ롣
ǳڡ⽨񡱶սһǲõǮģ˵ضˣǵսҲôֻмرߣԸ״ҳתˣһȨ͵λһڳսﰲ
ȻΪƽ棬ԼΪþɽšɽΡҲõ˳ɣǷҪνǾҪų˼ˣƽ֚òҲʺȥԽ޴ҡ
ǱɹʱæľŹ¡ڷѲΣȷϴˮѾ뿪Զ֮󣬲Ҫ־Ħٶ御ˣƽ֚Ҳûκȥ¡
ôһߣټ֮ѴﳤҪȥƼųʣµˮͲˡլſˮ󽫣ʱͳʣ˵ĳʤδְԸȪĵ±ˮԱƽ⡣Щ˼ښĿеĵλҲȲ˰Ұװ˴ڵս
µ챾״ӵһǧ˰ˣǻ˺ܴ˼άֵѲְҵԲž߱뿪սսҲǿһũ
Ҫذ֮ƽ֚ŲǵǴ
ҪصȪŻпҪϾԼ᪸ȥѺ֯ų㱨ʾδôʮʯء
֮󣬸λʿľͲŻʽ·
ԚһȥܸܵĿˡ


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ĶƺñҪһЩ
ƽ֚ʶӣ˵һ䷢ĵĸп
˭˵أŸոյ£ȻѾѩˣ⼸꺮ԽԽѹˣ˻ʤҵĹڽǲϺ̧ľ۸ǳ³Ĵ֪أȺļ̣
øԶĜһɻ󣺡ޣ˵˵˿Ǵ󵨣֯ңȻҲǼۣƵ˸ͻ۵İ
ȿȡʤеΣԶԣڨڨӦһ䣺Ͼͬ
ʵʵԭǣĳ³뾩ܽڹϣӰĿǣųɧˣǿǿƹµطû˹ˣرյĜһȫǸ
Ƭ֮󣬵ҲЦ߽λפȣǵѽβŰȥļҳǣûһڽп˼ġȻ˵ɽڣʱϣһڵζ
˵߻ģȴ⡣ƽ֚㵱뵽ˣȷǱŸϲġ
Ȩ֣ʤңȱٲĻ»԰æղһֱĿ״üʢʱۣ־Э׺ؿʮïܣľҪپжٵġ
һ˲֪ո˼׺ؿ˵ʱƽ֡񴨵һۡƽ֚±ʾҲøƽϡ
ʤеѿƺԥɭɳɺںݵλվüʢüˣʵµɽǻȱľ񣬶ҾҲЩѷܷΣѩ̿ҿɳǸмˣ
˵˵üʢ΢еԾͷӦڳһ硱ӣظ˵ɽǺͳ³ǽĲȫˣ
˴ǰվˣʤҲܹȥҲͬʱǷǾͶл֣üʢˡ
˵£˳ĬһеѩƺԽԽܣԽԽˣҲڲ½Сƽ֚·һ뵽ʲôԵˣһֲߣôһǴ׸֮͵ϵģʷᣬóһɣ
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꣬ˣŴӣ͵
ƽ֚㣩ĺһҪʶʶϾȪǱ߿ǻ簡ʤҵӣȡһֵմ
ֻȭͷԴǸм˽խԲ״ϷиͭӣȴŪС׶͸ʵ
һЩ㲻ʲô񣬲Щôƽ֚΢΢һЦҲһͬʽմߣڻȡů
ν֮޷Ǿ¯ˡͬʱڵǺϡ棬͸Ƕõ𣬸СԱˡֻǷɣִս֮һ·бѼֵΪܶݳƷ
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ֻ˵۳ͷı£üʢÿζܰ

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˼ҵȥãǼҳǶ޹λûʸΰ߹󡱵ı£ֻĴˡ
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Ҳ£Ҿ˼䣬ղĮС
ԴӷֱפػԺλسԵҪְһҲܼһˣȻвˬСڵĲʤңҲ͵ݳ佫߸ˡ
ʱ棬ƽ֚һֱս˵·һټܼԼʮʯأѫԺաҲûš
ų׼ҪԳ徰֣ʹǳѡվӵģƽ֚㽨ǳĲԱɣƳ˷ļƻ
֯ҵĴ󲿷Ͷ뵽˶Խܲее׷С
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Ҳüʢ־ԭˡƣƽ֚㻨ôҲʮʯҽĲɾ¼׺ؿֹʮʯأ
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Ȼ֯ųӵ壬ķСʾ֧֣Ͳȴٳûɳʹ̬ȣ˲վ˴֣뵽֯ҵԮ
Ͳ˳ԭȻǡϢ̫֪£
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ֻܼȻŷıӻӲд
ʷϸڣǺϷС˵ä㣬ƽ֚Ҳ֪ô¡֮ʲô˵£Ҳûϡ
һ棬ųԡ֧ԮǳȡòĥΪȥ˽ءԴǳҿҲо򣬲û顣
սϣǹѾˣȴڼȥ̳񻧼ҵ֯ТһЩڲųֱʽܼİٶ񻧼ҾɳɨТλϰҲ񻧼ҵս½
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ôһûһ˲֪ã˻㱨˵Ѻ֯ųˣһǰһӻʾˡ
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ƺеᣬпһ䣺Ǽ
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벽Ĵ󽫾ͬųñӣӣǻ΢ЦҲô䡣λµ鵹ƺǲ
λǣһߴ֣һߴʵǾصĺܡǶ˵ƢԽȻ෴ųһ¶ζȻϲŭ޳ӣֻ˵˺ϢŻݿƽضĶţ崺磬ֻʲôرĻ£Żѻ¶
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ȻżߣǰֻŰ벽̬ܷɣ˿ûн̸˼һȥΪ֡
ڳų΢΢̧̧ͷҲֻšһ䣬ֱߵһλϷ㶡
ֹУǻ˱˿ܻᱻΪ֢ˣڡβŴɵϡԵҲ֣ڳѾϰΪˡ
ʮеؿЦеⲽǰк˵λˣΥ˰δҿλɸʤƽֵĹ磬ϺѽɽҲ棬ضáвüλƽ׺أŷɥ񴨡ɭλݺͣʹͲ˳ܡתΣΪĶ֮Ҳ
ѴСźжʶ֣оûнܹҽϰڲȴʵֲҪǮĹάҪκβݸ壬ſھͣ٣ڳĸλ֯ҳͿһ٣ôȴûһظġ
Ĵ󽫾ԴϳߣҶˡʿ̬˾ĲΪȻҲֻܼװм㣬׷ױ̬ҪΪ´塱Ϲᣬѡ
֯ųȫ̳ĬſһС
Ȼ֪ĻϲС˼˹ıҲûʲôȥֹ
Ĺˣȥʮε⣬ȴѷɫʷЩǡ
ųһֱڸؽǮǹ㡢ϸТΩˣͼܿĻҲܹϵط޿ȡƣ£֯ҵѸӹʹǣΪֶΡ
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ЩûʵֵǮĶ˵ı䣬ֵǵųе죬ȴҲ޷ʾԡΪǾ͵ǵȫй֮ӹٽֽԴϲ飬ǲŰ
һ֮Ҳʮǵص㵽Ϊֹûм̼ų˸ǣҪȥˡ
ֻǳ֮ǰͣסŲͷ˿ɻҼǵӦǺİղΪθойůأ
ƽ֚Цһ£æ׳׼õľ¯Ϊʵ׼ֱӸѳϹϵ˴Ϊתġ۶ĻĹϵˣٸȥҪˣ
ѵƺû룬ֻƯСޡƷһȻȥ

֮ųԭسĬ˰Σſڵչܾ磬㡢廪ҾϯĻ˵׼°ɣ

һ뺰֪ԭųΪ͹䷽ϵġ
һܾ磬㲻ʲôϡ¡㡢廪ǹߺʹθߵŵڣһʮȫ룬֯ǻǺһġ
עʱ廪ңսʱֻ߼ҡ
ĪҪ֣ͨ͢ԿĻ⻹һ·ߣֻǲ֪ų˶ٳɱȻһŪôֱʡ
һ˵ʿǲӦԽĻֱӸ͢ȡ̫ηϵģһǱҲ¢ϡ֡ķʽһȳưԵó죬ĳ̶ֳҲڴˡųⷽͺ޼ɵˡ
ǸĻ˵Ųųı⣬ŵܹ⵷ҵİɣ
ֲøղ˼һء
ָҪ˳ųȴֺȻ
ǣƽ֚ӦͬʱĿЦ
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˶θȥˣƽ֚㹭ӿ˵ı飬ƺܸܵüʢǼһֻ
صĲʤҶûæ˵鼸䣬黹еذҺǰ˲ӦԴʩ
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ųһֱҲ֪ڵɶװơǽ̬СɡʷųʱǺܳһ׵ġ
죬ڴһѯãɰΣ
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ƽ֚ӻתųȻյϸսˣôʣʲôĵطҪġ
αأȵȻҪĶԡȨ֯ʵ֯ʵȨ߿һ£ʵȴзǳ΢
ϣƽ֚㵱Ȼ᷸·ߴԥ·Ѿƽĺȷˡ˳Ļ֣ҲԪõжԣΪ·ȫ»塣
ųɫ䣬ֻתתӣʵΣ
˻ʵʵͻأҺ׼
أƽ֚̾һһӣӦ˵Ȼʤ˼ΣأѾǿи˰ֻܺԮˡ
ųɫڱһ䣬ɵۣԣ
ǣƽֱ֚ӣΣԻȣˮëңϮµˮһսʵǲҡ
𣿡ų
˵ãʵڻʵΪѾǷ¿ǮˣȴûáȱѾ׽ˣֻ֧ܺԮЩʽ𡭡
ոչ˵·ʮʯѵȱǮ𣿡ųɫ΢滺ˡ
Ǿͱˣ´µأ˰Ҫֱأµı̫ˡϣǲһԱɽµõȻ¿Ƿ
˵շ˲ٹţձ࣬µľ𣿡ųǿʼһЦʵ˼
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ƽ֚ŵԱһϵؽп֮࣬ţһ֪Ǽװġ
ųˣȴδŭЦ
Ϊƽ֚Խǽп࣬ԽҪԮԽ˵ġ
֮ơ鷢չʮ˳ҪԮǲζҪѵ֣֯Ҷȥ
ųҪǮû⣬ҪҪƺƴظ˶֪ƽ֚ȡõһСɼҪǿ֯ɽ
Ҫ˾͸ûˡɸȥȻû
ƼһѴﳤˣԳơûмԦ˵š˵м棬֮ʮųġ
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ųȻֿʵҪ㡢廪ҵĹһۣĻҲǿ˹ȥδⲻʲôƲߣ
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ȻģҪȥĻһ£ſϰݰ
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ƽ֚ԥƬ̣վʼ̬ղ½׸˵Ǹ¯ȻʮֺãʹòƣҲǻֵġ
˵ʱܸܵԼ֮顣
ƻǺܿеģ֯ʲͣӦǹ㣩ȡůΪһСģ֣׾ٵġ
ֺȻƽ֚ϵ¯ϵһ𣬼ʵûʲôϵ
ЧҲ֯ųҪġ
Ҳáų˵ͷǽ顣ֺȻɫԸҪ֣ЩҪ׼һݺ񣡡
ǣԥӦˣֻȴ̫ס֣ЩȻ׼Ǹʲô


ʮ ӹٽ
ȥ֮ǰ˵֮ųȻֲһ䣺ղˣȮ廹Ҳ֪ںȪǷϰߡ
ӽ糿Ҳ˵ôһ仰ʱ¶滺ûйαװɫƽ͵ؿԼҲǱɻȻ
ͺֻǣûӪļҳһ
ƽ֚΢΢Щ㵡
֮ͨƽĶԻλȨصŵȴѾþûֹˡȻǲ̫ϰߡ
Һ⻰ǲѻشġ
Ƭ֮󣬚عҲ˵нڻش˵ˣڵľŽҪ㣬ʳҲΪȮʱҪԵñ΢һЩ
ɣǧǰһŹٷġʳȻûаٷ֮ٵϸִУͨҲṫȻΥ
ŷ˵ĳ֣ʳܹǿ塱˵пˣھݡܵȿĵطʼţķЩŰʹͳ˶Դʮִֵ֯ųȻȲŰҲͳƽ֚˵ˡ
ʶ⻰õ
˵ŵ㣬һҪѧϰųױʾͬȻʵɳø׳Щǰһϲ𣿡
⻰ƽ֚㲻ɵ÷һ̾ǧ谡ʼջԵЩҲͬˡϸ֮£ôǱǰҪǿһˣСʶĶֵ츳ѾܶĶˣȻȴġ
ųһ̬߶߶һλϵصͷҡͷܽ۵ɣɣȻ⺢ӽԪ󽫣òʿ䣬ĹܾͨĻǻᱻҳӵģһӲĳϸҪ󣡡
æʾȷˣ˵̫ˡ
ųȴԲ̫⣺ҿ˵Ժһǹڽ簮ˣûôӣôУѧѧң裨δ֯ңȻǵӣýѵʱһѵ
ǣǣǡƽ֚˼䣬Ȼ۲һ¶Էı飬׳ӵЦҲֻԶ˰ɣ¹ûб̹ܽ

ųһӱǺס֪ô
ƽ֚һۣȴֻ޹ɫ
һųǡߡһźȻתЦ˵Ǽ̳мҵĹؼȻҪŮȴ˼ҵңŮħͷܺҲԼ
ƽ֚һҲִ󵨵ԴŪ̿
˶һ뷢Ц·ٺͼɵȫ·˴̽潻û·һʼǴ˸÷֮ķ׻

ݱų֮ĵڶգƽ֚ӦԼ񼫸ߵܾݻᡣȻųԣ㣬廪ʮҶŵڵļȫǰ֯ҵƨһĴ󳼡ּģʮˡКϳģҲֻȥβţƽνɽԼˡ
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׼ذԭϳ߶ΪףӶλ԰¹λҴ󳼻ɽԺҸλڴȰᣬλȨʵ֦֮ĶڳɽƼǸŲǰġ
üʮλڳݰüëӧųգﱧ˰Ĵ󳼾ۼһ𣬲ûʵȨǺģϤ߽˿ܻΪһ԰ء
ͬʱĻǱߣ˵Ҫֵҵˣȴһû֡
ԭǣѰǸ¯ûȥʹ֮󣬷ڷûܣҹﲻ֪ΪΣ˻֣Ϊ֮
ֵĹģСҲûʲôԱˣֻѱ˺ܾšȻǹƽ֚һݷĻļλس֮Щ˾ͷ׷׵ıʾǷл͡ˡ
ʵʲôӣȻҲܲµ֯һʹвթһΪ
Դƽ֚ЩġǿȨѹ⣬ûаĸԴᵼڲѹฺһͻԹı
ȫǵ̣£ƽ֚ǰȥʺʱο˵¯ȴȫ·żȻƽֵǧҪһġ
͸Úãȷôһ˿ƵˣͬʱҲѵĳǸ֮˸ʶ
˲ɫˣʵںʱųƱҵġ
һ潲ѶգôһӲֻǲҷйˣжأǸϸ˼ּⰡǳһҺһﱻߵĲĥȥˣӦòٻΪˡ
Ǻ͵ģƽ֚Ȼû˸׼顣ʵʵ뷨ǶôˣǮʵģôһᱻĭ
ţչǿԵģ֮͵͵ҲǿԵģڴ׽ëҲǿԵģΨֱԸǮǲеģֵȡ򲢲֣Ϊ
ƽ֚׼һƷΪźȪᣬֱֶҪж١յתˣҲᵽȥ
ڶ쵽Ժ󣬲ϣҪṩĿɲֹһ˰ʤҲ˳ֵ׼
Ҫ˵ƽֺͲͬ㣬ǶѳϹϵƽֱָΪȪػﱻָΪĻڡ
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Ȼųֹ˵֯ҵҳղ˼Чҳֻ͢һֱţΪźкõŵĵط뾡Ը˰ɣ
ڹ֮׵ĶһҸ裬֪⣬̽ϻͷҵΪ˽ͷ֯ҵʿأֻȻʼɳȴʷ֣׽⣬ҹΪ˵ǣҹ¡
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ƽ֚ͲʤȻɵæһʾģñΪȵ۵ļ֮أȻţҲԸౡ֮
ʵ̫ˣҪлλְҵͣ⡰ϲ⡱ı飬ʮֱ棬һҲϷ˵ȾٶӦ۹͵ģ
ųһѻˣ˵ة󾩽λãȱְ
ֳҪٵΪ˰ӣϾĵ棬˳ųĻ˵֯ﵯǣʥһҳܵκԩģ
ųֵص˵ͷֲ䵽»еü䡢񴨵ˣбЧ֮͢ģպذ׵Ҳӹգ
Ȼ˼ҵ˼ֻҳǲġóȨʱֵ߸˶г͢ʽĹְ֯ֻܶ࣬١
ѹɽĨĨͷϵĺ飬ֻÿЦŴ»ģһţš


ʮ ʢǫ
䡪ԭȨԣԪԪʮ³գּβƽ֚ߣδλ£ةڲͷԭԾ
ιٵگѾȫشڰˣǰּʹҲ͹˻ȥУƽ֚ŮǶϲʤ棬ʿͬǸ˵ԣ󣬿ա
ةָڡʡΡةĹְʡǰʡ֮һոƶʹһȽҪĲţةǸļ״١ϻСةٸ󸨡Լһ֣ɻ嵣εġ䡱ǡ¼¼Լڼǡ塱Կȡ
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Ƶλ׹ʮȼߵġһλ͵ġٳλ¡Сλ¡ڵһʮһϰλסһ˵ΣͿ˵һֻ̤˴УȨǼǰλϵҪһ׷ʽġʱƱã͢ս˥΢ֱֵֻҪλųҲͲôϸˡ
Ĵ󽫾ȨҪŪͨĻ룬ϽԽϷáԴ徭棩Ȼ򾭹һʱ֮ĻҲҺͳ͢һս˥΢ˣսʱڣشСܹ١ˡ
һûʲôɫĴﵽһʵ֮͵Ǯȥľǡλϡߡλ¡ĵȼˡ͵ر񣬻йҷϣõλϡλ¡ļ
ϣǹҳõƷϹλߣ޼ģҪôëԪͣϵӣһμǧ᣻ҪôȢǰ̫󳼵ŮǿȹϵҪôǶؾھΧֻɴó졢֯ųʦԼȨ
֮ǰġȻҲõһ̶ȵĹϣվ֯ҵ˽衣ǵõٷʽְˣ֮
ȡ֮ƽ֚ݣֲ̫ݵġ´ǵͬԵ⽻ϱϿߵ֮ö֮ƽƽ
Ŀǰ˵뱱ͬķԾۣƽּһƵѸմĵ·᪼ϣҲֻжʮʯԱҲᳬһǧ
ҵϵƣԳƵӰںľֲǿˣĹλ֮ȺӢǵĲ࣬Ҳڿ󼰵ķΧڡ
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⣬ϵҲڶصĹԼǱڵ˵ļԡձҪʹͳһЩԳ͢ԱľηҲȹضҪһ
Ϊһ֪Լǧʯʿ֮󡪡ûм̳ȨĴӣδ֮꣬ĳɾͣƺ԰һˡ
٣Ȼ˵ȶɣǶһƬϲ죬ֻƽҹ裬ɵʲô㲻ףֻ֪ԵĹӣҲ۵Сָһʾ
Ψһһģȴƽ֚㱾ˡ
ǰϲĽӦһؾͻص˱ڵľ㳤Сгܥβ˷Ըڶ֮裬ûʲôã㲻Ҫͨ˵żзаǷɣ
ű˱ڣлͣѮղ
ʱƽ֚Ͳ𴲣עǵĳɳܵΥ֣֮ù֮һˣ˺̣ҹҹϸ衣һʱĿޱߡ
ʮչ򣬴󲿷Ҫ˶⣬ֻŽżһ棬һЩ޷ӵҪ
˹Ѯ£ֱʮʮϣƽּҵҷ˰Ȯվ˳Ůǣ֣ص°ݣȰɵˣӵ·᪵ʤѾһˣʿĶͣȴȻûκΰţضȵļ˰ɣȻȴڳ֣ƽȻޱªҲ֪ⲻߵΪԣصȥΪذɣ
࣬ɷнµӣƽ֚̾һЦȻ㶼ȥˣѾûôӰɣô˽ʮ죬ܹһðɡ
ü򵥵ĻȮ͵Լ̰ķϹ񣬶Ϊ˱ֵ͵ܿС˵飬ҲûҪӶ˵ġ

˵ų֮ƽ֚ͲʤһùλһʩͣһǽչʾܹƹĻֱ͢Ϊ֯ҳҪλô㶨ʮҹţΪ˿ѵ֣ⲿ²ҡ
ĿģȻͻĻͻˣҲһЩȽϡͳʿе̿֡õλˣͱ˳ͻĽ㡣
һ棬ƽ֚һ·˳˳ˮ;ߵ̫죬Ҳ֯ڲ˲СļߡȻüʢسҲĳЩΪ֪ĲڡųӵйģǳĲڣȫùϵġ
ìܼһ𣬾ڵ·ϱˡ
ʯأ㲻϶飬λȴʮҪģںǺ˵Ŧ㡣ȻȻҪ˹㲻ҸػҲҪŪػȴպϡȨ۹ĻʵȴҪ֯ųɫ
·ػǰϸҵһ֧֧Ѿˡլſӵ㹻ĳȥػڵеı̫ֻеö֮һĵ·壬޷ŷ
֯˼ʣҪһǿ֯ҳȥפصģ˳ҲǸƽֵȴҲ˴ҪһŸ߹ĻȥΡ
Ƿôˡ
ʵϣƽ֚ںȪһӪɹټüҵսѾں൱ǿϾԴһȭһŴģ˭ػػ̚Ʋվסš
ǸλҲҪһġ
ųһ̬ûն·Ĵѡƽ֚ȥĻƼ͵ښҪ֯Һ޷̬ȡ
һҲǳʵ忼ǣÚԼƼýȪ뵭·Ĵٲս֡
ȴҲô˻ᣬƽ֚ѣĻִ˵ǳڳһƵӣͼ߸·ߡ
Ȼ˼Ҳȫֻ·ߣ˵ĻҲǵʮģ֯λʿȷʵսԺգҲ޷޹յ˷顣
ǽƽ֚Ҳ벻취ֻʹ־
Ҳܳȥ·ؽķͶ޷ϸţҳǿ϶ǵȲġ
˵첻ڳȾƣŶȥˡ
Ȯϸ֮ɫȻۿᣬʵˣ֮֯ԥ𣿡
ǺصġϾΪ֯ҵŮ޹Ϊ˱֤ƽ֚ҳϡȮʼǸ˳Сˣ״Ҳ֪ôƺҪ޳
֯վһսҲǳǻǸ飬ԥվ֯ߡƽ֚ǻԲر̬ȣŲŽ͵ĵǣڲûеԶĻʱ䣬óȻ֮񣬿»ڡ
ˡˡȮˮԳһЦաֻҪһڣ˵ʲôͰٷ֮ٵţٷ֮ٵ֧֡Ϊ֮ޣɷķʽ
üͷĬصͷ
˵ԺһЩ⻹ûн
ôһ֯ĵ·ػֻػѡأ
һȮ׳ŵ˵ˡ֪Ϊ˷յĻɴԼΪ·ػأ
Լƽ֚ȻʧЦɲɣѾӺȪˡȻռ֣δ̫ۡ
ǣȴȥȪػһְѽȮգ۾
⻰Úǰһ
ȷʵôءôû뵽أ
ǧǱһʧȮ΢Цţ˳ر뻳


ʮ Ϊ
սʱڵķɣ˵ҿʵȨ֣͢Ǽ쾭顣ǣö˾֪θ֣ʵֻвİʷ
һʿݶȡµˣƽҵƽʢʰ꣨1167꣩һλ̫󳼣ȻԼļ¢˳ϴ󲿷ֵĸ߽׹λռйĹ˾XXأְ֮νġƽȨ
ƽϴ»ҵḶ́ҡ͢ڲǷֲġƽʢ׺ӷʿ˵Ĺϵȹϵʷ̨Ҫ
ȻڹͬԴϣȡ˴Ȩ֮ƽʢ׺ӷʽңѱ˵ˡ
ʱƽӵһ޼ʵغʮľӣ忴ȥûκʿġƽʢȻչʾ˵⣬ʣֲԼĻ̫Ӽλ
ٶȴϵĳΪ˵ȼ˷ɣȫش˷ңԴԴ徭ľٵСո¶ͷǣҡ硢Ҳ׷վӦƽϺܿľ棬̶̼ھɢ
Ϲ̣дѧƷƽУǷɣȺڶ顣
Ž¶֯ĹϵǺвοֵ
⽨ʱµľȨɢͲȶģ̶ܴϽڡͬСĻ֮ϣֺͬܵӰ죬һµʧܣϵĴͻγѩЧӦ
µҳڲҲǣȻԭǱӵľɵУԼͻûԾáǡ֡ǳ
ܶðͷĵжԷʩչʱĴ͸˾ǿиɣ̶߿ʼıȡԸ¡ȅɽڹ˺壩
Ź˳õΧԱҲӦս߸ɴ൹꣬һγɹģֻԽԽҡ㡢Ž̡ľصıң
վҪ鼺ĺŶӣܲܿסЩѹѹѩķŤת
ûдԽߴڵʷУ֯ҵĺʮǿס˿顣ͬѷֵ֮ȻɹذƽΡΧȦ
еļ裬ȴҲǺܾ˵ġ֯ҵһھһɭɳɡྮСUֱȵѾʿҲڶս
ΪһȨвɱˣȻӦþҲӦӱκбҪΪ֮ðաиõĴ취ȴΪжʧΪ˷գҲǲǵġ
ԭʷϣ֯ų᳼㼪̫ɣȡµĽڲУһǵ´ҿڹԭսȡʤ֮Ѿռ˺λãȻ˽ʮʱ䣬ս᳼ҡ
ʶƽ֚ΪӦ취֯ų·񻺺һЩѲìܡ
ǣȰ϶Уⶼ롣
ųһиȱǲײĲᣬͬʱҲиŵ㣬˹ײľһᡣ
ھδңƽ˾ʱλº׹ֹۣơһ鷢չ˳ʵǵ̬ܽᾭѵΪĵڶˡڲᡣ
Ҳ˵һСֶΣϣ˵ġ
ܵȮԡȥȪػƽ֚˼һΪĲԡ

ڶһ磬Խݼٵ̬ص׫дһţơսƵֵó͢ΪةæϾĻġȪػһְǡ
⻰˶ܿǰٷ֮һٵдʡôҲһڣұˡ͢λʤĻְۡ˼֯ҵ˵ĳ̶ֳȵġȷˡ
ңָƽ֚κȪػ⣬ûʲôġֶֻʮָųڸ濼ǣԴ˷ǵ޷ֹҪԸؽ
ƽ֚ǵְۣԼȥ·񲻵֯ұ
ϽųӦø˲ŶԡѽõóԼܵǰȥӪǶô˽׵ľ񰡣ԺȪػɫͲӦôڣҪֳϡеȼ֣ÿһ٣β󲻵֮ӡ
뼸飬ҲûǱġƽ֚ںȪľӪǼΪɹģƽڣչ˾ã˿ûųֱϽصĽ֡˸ܱô
Ͼڻ̫ƽʢŪӹȥһٵþôأǲ˹ֵ롰Сľ㼪ͻ
ų⡰ʹķաѿɾʧöˡ
ƽ֚㵱ǸΪԽһػְˣǰһϵ£ֶΣȫ׷ˣ
ҺÚ㻹ڸĻﲹһλáس顱ķʽȪػĽѡǱһ⡣
νġس顱ȻָĻЩʵسָڸЩ˵ϻİǡЩ˱ҲĻĳӣȻô
ͬʱƽ֚㻹ˡʵټͶƱһ³˼·
飬ѲһȤ
ڵĴȻŴ֣֯ҵвΥֻܲϸЩСټڡȺۡóһ顱ǾԶԿ֯
·ϾֻǸСĴʵûúģԶʵ塣ĵĺȪɲһڵĹ˺ǣһܹλӾ˭
֯ųȷҪһΪ屨֮ѡһ֯ҲԸػػ͵ڹȻɨ֯𣿶һƵȥɲĻһնģ
ȻдĻżȫᱻǹӣбųƽ֚ҲûҪܡ
ѻظһʮĻţʺ˽׼ǲʾźʾһԡس顱ķ
֯ųҲͬʱţȴôͼ
ƽ֚Դ˻شĸ֣߳
˼˵ܾƸӣ֯ҵǱڵʵ̫ˣԴгֵʶ׼óȻʲôʾ
ųӵش𣬲ɵ˼䡰С󡱣ȴҲûٳָţͨǹ㣬ĻʾǽȺƾٳѡ֯Ҳʲôɡ
Ͼǽƽ֚жϣųе㽫ŽɡҲͨĽ˶֯ҵ̬ôġ
ұУܵ֯һеˣ֯ҵȻҪӦĸı䡣һϣԩɱԬҪǿٵġ
ƴˣȻҲⲻһǵ³ģҲͽˡ
֪УųԼҲûвǱʶͽôһ۵㣺ƽ֚㼴ʹǶԴҹ羸ҲΪǴ֣Ǿϲ⡣


ʮ 
ƽ֚ȥȪػһְ飬ǲ㹫֮ڵģ̬չϢ˳ȥ
±䶯Ȼ󲨡
ǴʤͬʱҲӹٽˣȴȴȥְۣ˵ȻԸȥģʲôأ
²ʿƾǳľһóһȥܿ׵ĽۣǾǣƽּӦóƽةˣλȻȡ˾ʤȴҲͬʱ˼ˣ˾֯ĸӹϵУǵ˸λȴҪְ
֮ǰΪʲôʮƲŲΪܵ˸ǿѹѽ
߼оݣ˲ɵþŷ
ܹݣϵˣةƽ֚еͬ顣
ò˵ǵĲ²⻹һ˿ӽ֮ġ
Ϊƽ֚ĹĹԽеú˳Ÿӵõѵۣ£ĳ̶Ҳˡʶһ仰Ѿͬ˸ػΪշҲԪ׵ĽֶΣÚ㵣δþߵʹߣڸĺĻᡣ
ʱ㱾ĹҲ˲ףΪųжֵŵģΪ˶ҡټ֮æҲû̫ϡ
û뵽֮ȴ벻鷳ųжûгδƽ֚ҳϲʲôɣųļ̶ȴ̫ˣֱ˵زѵӡ
Uֱǹų֮£·ǳֱçײѾ˺֯Ļ֮ġꡱųҲ޼ɵ˲áˡŭԵ顣ǰƽ֚Զ۲ΪҲˣ䵽ԼͷϣͲô򵥵ĺŪȥ
ǣȰ͵ͣų˵õġֻóʵſԴ
ƽ֚ɴһΪȥȪػְ֮ˣһ֯ųúÿʵһҪչһԼĴڼֵ
ǰ߲ҪĿģҲǲɻȱġ
ʱãҲȡºȪҵ˺ԵúɣĳЩˣųΪܼ򵥣˭˳ȥ
֮գһĿĻûӰӣڶĿѾʼЧˡ
Ȫڸ磬ݡ硢ڣȫԼĹϵ;ϣػµ̬ȡ
ĺ̼ҡ
ƽ֚㴴¡ӡǩ˰ƶȣѾģݵܱߵٷ֮ǮôΪҵͬ飬ڷ汸ݣİȫ˺ܶ൵Ρ
ô򵥵ƶȣҲдܰúõġȪܱߣģƽ˰٣д󲿷ֶ˸ָ⡣е˴ձ̼Խܣеǩ˻ӡºˣƲеƵǩӡ̫򵥣׾ͱα졭ֶ֮Ӻ͹ƵΪ
Ͼʱ󲿷ʿҵ⻹ͣڡͲġĲΣ˶ɱķһƽةˣ˾ɫô죿
Ļᡱ͸ˡеġջᡱѾԶݳƷ׵ص㡣ҡְշǳŨҡʯɽĸҲȥУƷʵ档
ЧҲ٣ֻкȪһرɹߺ͹ǵʱ˵Ҫػ˵ǡ
Ҳƽ֚ʮֲᡣ
ɣɲ磬붼С䲻롱ȨģԺܸߡѾˣĴȡ˸ֶ磬Ȩƽ֚º֣֯εν޵ڶˡ
ȻܿΡûеɮǴʲôֱ档ƽ֚ĺѻҽ֮󡣵󲿷ڽʿûôΡƻʼԸͷ̲Сѡ񡱣ҲԸš⡱ģرڷɣôһзȨδͳĵط
ػ˵Ļ³Ǹǳÿճիͽĵλ϶һǧˣúȪڼ߲סֺ͹˾ǡ
⣬һѸĹڣͬ״Ըı䡣
ڴ˾Ҫ˵ƽ֚ġ˰ˡƶòԸ̵߲ܴ˵ڶѡԺܵġ
֮£еʤңԹѹե㣬ҪṩǳߵıۣеüʢҸûأС塣һϣƽ֚Ǳͬǿడ
Ȼ͡״ߣеƣʼˮܣʼҲûúǸоرܽܡ
ػ±仯ʾעģ׿ԽĻңмҲˣз𷨾ɮͬصӰߣûʵȨ
ƽ֚ʾܾųûĻưͣôȷ
Ȼѹ˽飬Ⱥ壬һͬĻĲᣬ˳㡱оȪػĽѡ
֯ųֹһеġƽ֚ļƻߵú棬ڳ̬ȡ
սҲţȪػְλҲȷʵעĿǣĿ˵ϻġȺۡǣôᵽյġѡ˴áɽҰྮȵȡ
ڼԶ᪸ǣ·;ңԶѩ·Ũ֯ųĸд˷˽ţƵĻ̵ġȺۡ˶ԣԽ֮£վΪĿ
˵ħûϲд˽ëҲ֪Ǻʱʼģʱ򣬼ҳ﷢檲ͣŮ֮ģųҲŹȥѯʾģݡ֪Ĵ塱󣬶Դ˚޷ġ
һ棬ƽ֚ƺѾһûյƵ˽ˡյ˵ľٶųԼѺöƺȻ۹ǲһĻɣ
Ч
˼Ƭ֮ƽ֚Ҳ˷ţ̬ȴʮƶԤ˵Ⱥ۵ĽһĻ֯ҵġ
ʵϣŲżĳȥ죬û͵ǱߣѾó˽
һоβң澰Ұ嶨ʿƾΪȪػĺѡˡѺǫرʾյĽ֯ųϡʵҵѡ˭һ
ʵѵԼίεˣʱȪе˻ŵǰѶԼȱģվסţ˶Σ֯пȽѺã£Եƽ֚ȥְ
ôһûʲôشɣ϶޷˵ˡ˭ϵƽ֚ȻôϣѺȪƽ֮ˡ
ѲǿΣ˼άվܵʱޣڸػְۿüҪ޷ܾջ
ʵϣȻųǡʵĻ˼֮νġȺۡͱʾͬǰһΪҵһԿ֯°취
һ棬ųνǱʵʵˮ
ѾιرʾˣԽһصŨȤܵԴӶֻŸѵĿ
˾˵Щ˲Լǳ֯ͬĻ
ʶƽ֚㿴Ȼġų֪ΪξäĿţԼһӦ죬Ⱦ֯ҵһڼҳ
һ΢СĴۣȡ֯ųǺֵõġ
ҺȪƿȨȻҲûô׾ͱĻûȥ


ʮ 
ź죬̹ǣѩѮղűĽ֮ǰоʪĺ·ĳħһ㣬״͸һ޲ǽڣӶټ·ȫȻá
Ϊλµĳ͢ԱԼһжεػƽ֚㵱Ȼʸ˽ӻţ·ǾԵ̫ȺڡˣӪȷġŵڼֵۡʶһǲóͷģǱҪݵ⽻ϡ
ʹһš߲еĻûͬʱ¯ˣֻͨʿһͬʹࡣЩԽԽ䣬ԽԽˣź¸·ʵڼ
ƽ֚ϵġ
ĵһƥսǲʤ͵ġ㽭ǸӵѪͳĺ꣬ʮ꣬ݰˡд˾֮жӣǾͳ˽׵Ļᣬ˳ֹֻ̲˳ֻãƹ㡣
ǺϵҲȽӦػڰϣؿڶű磬ⲻϹֱ¡
ƽ֚ɴˣչѪҺͨҪһЩ˫ѩϣˮֽëֱܡ
˴ʱֲɫر˷Σǿ߹ȥΧӺǣ㿪ʼɣǷ̫
ʵˣݳڱѩԵú
Ȼǰƽּҵĳǣȴ·𶼸̹ܲǺһ˷ܺͿֵ
Ϊⲻȥо̣ûκΣգǰ᪸ǣμ֯
Ҳפسһְ֯ų׿ڵݳŲʹټƽֹ֚¡
Ǻ˲ðųǶרУıġżҲҪὨļҳִУŻ轱˳ᢳˣ֯Ҳ֮ءҲаʱԭ
ƽ֚㵥ٻıĵ飬˷ǳεκãЩ߹õǼ޵÷
ͬʱҲãƽ֚õˡλةĹλ֮ȻܺͨжκȪػֻһʱԵζűء
ڳǶԴ˵ȻǷǳּġƽ֚£ͽֱһСҲ߶ԻԱ࣬ʿӵеǺܸߵġ
ͬһѩظ·£²ʿԣǻʱĺûϺʲôأ

ƽ֚ߵ᪸ǵʱǶգԭʱ졣ӲʲôֵһҪ䣬ȴҲգԳھʤ޵ļҲЩûɶɫĴͳʳ
˵̨ڡڵܽɣзǳµġǼʱ棬żȻʶ̨ܡ͡ܡôһ£ϧ֯еټڡ
صļҲԵι۵ġӵųûϢʱ䣬ټ
ƽ֚㵱Ȼ֪Եɺڡ
ǰʱ֯ųֳĻĳѹȣΪйؼƽ֚㣬֪޷˵ʶʹˡΪֶΣȥ˺ȪػְۣټȺͬѡ
ԵҰྮڮɽΪףȺųߵȴֳ֧Ļ̬ȣӵ˷βң澰Ұ嶨Ļ״ҳȪ
ߵųоǰ˶һ㡣
֯ţǲ£ѹüˡȻܡȺۡǵ̬ȾͲò˾Ⱥ˵ûһóǧľӣĻһͲ˵ˡ
ųһʵǣäĿ׷ӣʵ˼ķ
ʶҴҵؽƽ֚Ӽٹ⻽ͷһʣ
ǧ㣩Ȩʤң微ʤȣԽѾΨ֯հԵƽ֚㣩߻ۣأ
治ûش
ƽ֚һʱסˣ۲һ᪸Ǳװޡ
ȷʵųһеäĿͿţҲ˵еġҲǵõ˴ӡ󣬲ŻԾƹֹۣʧȥ׼ȷжϡ
仰ӡ󡱣ڵ𡢲微˵ġƽ֯سǣͬʱ͹Ļĺָ߹֯ҵ
ôˣΪʲôһ뿴ۣһ˱أ
ֻͣҪôԼԶʤͬţҪôҳ϶⣬ⱨϲǡôش𣬶Կ䣬Ⱥζ
ǹһ棬ô˵ˣųһŵˣҲΪܵ۵ԭ֮һ
ƽ֚ɲַġ
˼Σش˵Ϊ𡢲微λˣǲĿźܣ޷Сǵ뷨
ֲ֪ǰǱĻųЦһ£㣬Σ
¡ȻҲЩ΢ȴһСĳɷְǫ飬˵һԼҲδŵĻ
⣡ųȻһԼ࣬һʱȴǰòˡΪ͢λĹϵ𣿿ǣô̶֥Ĺλѵų˼ҰæҪ
ƽ֚е㲻ףĻȴûͣ£⼸缲ŭһϯܣ¡ľ£ĺҪôͶϣȡҵĻᣬҪôվڱҵĵжԷͼתȡ֮ºվȱԶ۹ķӹ֮
ӹΣųµ׷ʵ
ݴԻ붼ǳǰЩıң׬һҵСǸǲµľƣȫԼҵġһʧȥ˿ȴŽңϣܹȥԣĻԽ˥΢ʵȨ֯Խǿ˵Խɿġ
һԱ֮ЩƵǡȲðŷոֲıҳֻһֱڵʵۡһڡһĶֵءתܺõֲʵʵĵط˼ά
⻰ųĿ˼Ƭ̣΢΢ͷЩ
漴ֱʣк֮ȲԸΪ֯ЧԿңΣ
ĻҲͻװɷӹ֮һԱɿԿңɡƽ֚ų˼
Ĭ֮ųյó˽ۣڼЩ֮ǰҪĻš
ʥƽ֚˵û׷ѹ˼¿治ס
ᣬֽɵЩˡǰֵһᡣǰеıȅɽԸ¡ҰɽЩիɮˣܸ鷳
ųӦһҲ֪ȥַʵ㣬
ƽ֪֚λүϲȽڵģȵܸ٣̫£ıʿнԻǽ˴ȳ֮
ɣ˶ʷ˽⣬ǰʷģԽԺձûʲôʶԚóӣųչֳ顣
˵ųصüͷ


ʮ Ǩת
֯Żʤһʱ˲Щ͹ȣ߹Լҵʵֵ͹ĻĺΪķչ˺
Ϊƽ֚㲻ϧԺȪһΪۣų⡣
ʵκﶼҪ˵Ȼԡġָеųǽ˽ԣˡ漰֮£۶ϡ
һ棬ƽֹ֚ⷬԵ֯ҵͬвڵ𡢲ˣǻʶй֮
ΪȰɣúõġȪػְ۾ôˣȻ˵СλةϾǼʵġ
ų¶һ˿ڵı顪Ҳֻĳ֡¡ֶΣδжΣʹɫȥϡǺڣŸҲڵĽİȫ̶ȣΪ´򱧲ƽ
˶һۣƽ֚һȫûʹϧ֮ɫӣȻ׹æŵ
ûغȪİ취𣿡
㲻ɵһΪԷĶ̾һŸϽشȷʵѾںȪһãȻƲʲô޷壬Ļɹȥδǣʲô˵ĿܣǺ׾ͻԸͷġ
ͶʵĻųʱתΪϲʾԚԵȫΡʲôתʵ㲻ǴǳԴó𣿴ˣ
ϣȻʮ˳ġƽ֚ȶһ˼һֲȻҲδһ˳ǰҪͶܴҲƾһ֮ɴ¡
ų⻰¶һ˿ͷɫ˼ػش𵽣ü微ʤʣصľ󣨉Uֱľ¡أõõǰæ
˵֮ƽ֚Ҳپᣬ°ݸǣȥ
֯ųķ£ܴܵѹҲʱܵĻɣֻҪԳԼãһյĻرõķչᡣ

˻ۻǼ޵Ŀ⣬ƽ֚ںü֮ڻص˺ȪǣʼĹĺš
üҼҲҵЭ飬ͨѺ֯ųϿɣʽЧ
ԭóΡʮӴ汣ιϳκ񣬱ʾӵ̬ȡͬʱ˾ɵĵͼ˲ᣬԭر֯ռСΪˣ֯ųʱһŮ޸óңҵġꡱ
ҲԪһݣͬʱ֯ƳеĴӸƽ֚㵱ӣǽʡ
ƽ֚ݺܺʣ֯ǱߵԼˣǱҲÿԽܣҲԪҲطҷԴĻᡣ
ĹƵķչҪƽ֚ġڡαףڵִ̨֮ŵΪˣ֯ųǿĹƶأһֻڽܳšԚšüȡΡĻƤʵȨǺܴġ
Ŀǰ£һ£೤ҲԪףʹ֮ΪһóγΪųŮҪԭ黹ȨڴڲüңΪĹΪ׼
ڵ̶͵ʱƽ֚ûʲôġ
ۺϱӵϷһţüҵҺ˥֮ǲתģȻʷᣬܲץסһأúõĻƻԼõϡ
ҲΪԭ˽ܣ֧˴֣ƥҪʱԵеѿС
óǼһȻЩΪǣ̤ʵأֻø졣
жһţӦľǶڵķ͡
ۿźȪϾҪʱȥˣԼܿҪȥ·ϣƽ֚Դһᣬǿ֮
·Щ齵ĹˣȫǨƳѴﳤƼųΪ֯ҵֱӣ֪ȻųլſµᵽȪԭĹڻࡣ˴γսĺȪڶõһʲСļ׵ﰲӵǧʯ֮ࡣ
תں̶ԣȻʲô顣·֮ǰһϵսбֵĺһ㣬Ҳȡʲôôصʯձ鶼ھأѾǚġˣûʲô˵ġ
Ϊ׵İլſΪ丸ĹϵҰҪһ忪ö࣬͵õϢǨ·Ǻ޷֮ĵģҲֻܽܰš
һƽ֚ȨģǵõųԼνҼںȪפء
棬ܼƽʯڵغõˡ찲¡ʣռͲˡڽһķСųǰָǧʯ֪Сͬʱפأʱίػְ֮ͬʱΪеľ㼪Ҳָ֪УջͣҲǵǧʯĿȻνС
˳㣬ƽ֚㵽֪ľ㼪ȢԼҵһŮӡβԼǰ˰ʿݣų谮Ĳң裨֯ңĸǳ塣ûʲôֵھȹϵͲö֪ˡ
գȪһİ˳ضַȥֻʯֱ죬׼ƽεػػǵġ
ƽ֚Ǩ˵·ݱǣĺ˼ǨСһʣˡ⵺ڽҲżǧʯǾʯأƽּҵֱ죬ĳ״ҳǵٺ»ءʵĳٺ»أҳҲֻܻ룬޴ͳϵȨޣһΪҪԼҷ¡
ɷС֯ռ죬ʵϣܹܺԼǧʯͲˣغ㴨֮Ϊף൱ߵġ
֮ܶôһϵиӵ±仯֮һѻϹۣ޷ж׬ǿˡ
ƽ֚ɺȪػ˵·ػϣƵش٣ʮʯΪʯֱյȴǴһǧʯǧʯ
һ棬Ȩƺڵ·Ȫ϶ûʲôϵˡϸĥԼ˾ãһȴֺѲӡǡ
ôе˼ղʵȨеǡֵַӳӦãе˲ҪҲԳǿҵĴڸС
εػػǣûΣѾȱ˥ˡ
ײȻ˾߹ǵĶԼҳǣȻֻҪõػλãõʵȨ
ƽ֚óӪõĺȪΪĻΪǡʶʱΪܡѻšȺѹ֯˼·ҵġΰˡ֮·ⲻ֪ųѾʼв߻μЩνȺˡ
ڴ۷籩ĵƽ֚㣬˼Ѿܵĵطȥˡ
µֶθһˣҵֶξҪϡ
ǳѾˣҲ˲ٵ̣ȡ˲սƷƽ֚ṩͼõĻᣬڲĥˢ˺ܶڸУûôȡӯ
ˣųᲦЩˡ


ʮ ױλϣ
֮ܶһ֮УǷ˵ĿһһǧʮİʮģԼĶϢӦΪһǧʮʮġͷǰϵɣǳһǧᣬΣ
쳶˹·ڻΪһźһ˲ᣬɷнµƽ֚ȷծ⡣
һŵԽʮޱ飬ȴȻ󲨣ȻɣѾãȴǲʣƽּǵõ͢ƽةˣ˼ǺεǷһһǮʲô£ôҵأ
Ȼƽִ˶̼ƣҲӲˣȻҪ֪㣬ѳԽЩǰǰƽּҡľʽҲͳһˣԽʮɴûָǮȥлءһλ˵ıӻǼΪѵõĻԵ֮ҪԶԶճ׵ġ
ϣʱӦģϵķбͷǳҰһѧ츳ޣ쳶Ǹ֣һʱת
׵Ҵεϰֳ棬һ˼˵ͷʾ˵ļûκ⡣
λƽ֚㡰šһֵͷһܥβᣬǰӹ״ֽй
ǩ˸֣ͬծĸ΢΢һЦ״ʵ쳶˿һھȥͷѵǼջʿ𣿡
˻һ˻δ𻰣Խʮȴŵһ£ϽĵҵŪֵˣΪµĴҵЩ΢ĹףѾǾòʤңˣôЩӦеͷأ
ƽ֚Բÿɷ˵ԽʮһЩԽԽôӷԽԽСˣ۹ҲԶ꺮΢֮ʱǰңнȡ֮ģһֱǼԢ˺ģǿۡ
ʱ쳶ǵɫ䣬Ȼش˵˺ôǸйʶѧʵˣôôӵأʵҵĹ磬иֽݣǿ򡮹˹ĴṩڽȡױȵҵλȻǾӪҵȫͬɹľǿԽġ
˵վڷɣ˵ģһ飬ԶһϤģڶѾѧþķʽԼ˼ˡ
ٵʵġȷʵͶʹ˹˼۷壬ѾǶǰˣڹ˹ڶ࣬׽⣬ѾȫˣҲʽѣ˥ˡ
˵ϣǶˣԽʮڷȥղǵʮֵģһ쳶ӽˮҪƽ֚㻹Ǯɾ鷳ˡʱŪʲô֮ģԶе˶ܵ
ȻˣôǮȼˣٴɣʱǳҰҲǳ˿ʱΪͷпǽͷöˡ
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ԵףĿǶֽ׷˼άֹȥϲɺء
˵䣬Ϊϯӱ̷ڲıѾµ״֣ص͵쳶ǰ쳶ԣծתΪһǧᣬһ꣬Ϣɡ޲ĻǩֻѺɣ
⻰΢΢˵ͷò˫ֽӹ״ֽϸؿһűĿ˼Ƭ̣ٵһͷȴԲǩ֡
꣬Χǵ˴ߴٵĿ⣬쳶̾һ飬ƽ֚һݣԵ𾴵ƽִˣʮֱǸ˻һֲòҪ󣬱Ҫð˵
һ䣬ǳҰξһ㶣ԽʮɴΪ֣Ҳüֳ֮ɫ
Ψƽ֚ԤϣػӦ˵мֵĶ뵫޷
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ΪһˣⷬѾ˵úί߶ˣķɣ˶ϰ˼һƪ޷ҪȡһЩˡ
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ƽ֚Ȼõˡةĸ߹ִ֣֮ɺȪΪ·պʵʲƺܻ»䳥ծȻҲܵɡ
˵ǮȻǰ׽ġʿȷʵǿƾĵҪ˲վ²ߡ׼ˣûʮ棬ǲ׾ӵ
ٷ֮ʮϢʱ˵ǺŻݵӦģծ֧һԴҲ֡ӪȨģһĻ鱨ծȨһѰٵ̻߼֪ǵľ嶯̬Բ߹̣һӰ졣
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һûиġˡͼɣֵУƺδ
ġʶòףֳصĻǲ֨ϿżȴƽĲöϡ
ʱƽ֚ɫҲ΢һ㣬ض쳶´һ۵ԳһѰζ˼
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ҪھʩչȭţԼһȻҪһЩͳһʼҪԽʮΪǿԮ˵۹͸ޣƺС˼
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ʶƽ֚˼Ƭ֮΢΢˵ͷָָʾⱾȡһʮ顣
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һʼֱʳתΪӦֵġȯáͻָصȡеĲɲǿȥô򵥡
ĬƬ̣쳶ɻ󣬼̶ȻǾ̾
Ȼԥؿ˵ʵ̫ʧƽּҵĽӦýһߣҿӦߵ򡪡ᣬϢӦýһֻͣһɾ͹ˡȻȯ飬ܷñҲ΢ڼأ
ƽ֚Բ𣬷ζЦˣ˹˵ƽּǮĵطʵǺܶ࣬ضδܻծ񰡣
Ȼģ쳶Ŀ⾼ԴǼᶨ¶緢Цݣϴһֱţֻ㹻ͶʲŻյ㹻Ļر
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µʱڣںķ磬ϵعε½Ȼȴ಻Ҳ˾ø⺮䡣
ǶЩִڣУûµ¼ʿԡ
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Ķҹ´ڼ䣬˭Ը޳Ӱأ
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ڼ쵼£͵ǳʿȡʮδСսʤȡǧƵĵо׼ռ˴ĵ̡
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ȺͷߣҪǴĻһҲģ˼ܵɽλ͵ƻͨߣͷۡ
ԣǳƽͱ˱ġΡе˹ĸλ
ȻҲǳģǿһڣԵϵʵѾԶˣѾǳƽܹ̳еֻһСӣۺԼһʮʯ֪УҲֻѺ;ˡ
˵ǰü꣬ǳƽķضûôǹΨн򵽲ĥ֮󣬲ź˱ӷµķأмʯճɡȻǳеңׯӵĻ˿ʷû͵˰©˰Ҳⲻˣ˵ǰǿ˲ˡ
ġ顱еģҲû뷨ֻ΢е㼱ꡣ
˶ʮ챾һӱ۷һˡʮƥȥŸոմƽּҵġ¹ݡȡʯףҪ͵ǰߵĳɽȥ·ѩ߲죬Ǹɴ˼Ͷޡ
ǰмۣÿʯǰ˰ʮϣƽּȴֻһĵǳҹӦվǳƽĲνƽةˣǳǺܲŪַĥ֣ṩ۵ʳӦ
ҲѹֳβҪƯСŮ͸ƽةңϾΰֶԱұжĺ
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һȥ˴桢ͷ鷳ȱ˲ŵǳ˵ǴáǳƽôΪ
Ψһȱǣ¹ݵķֺŻ࣬ĥҲֻļҶѣǳƽڹڼӰһˡ
ϣ¹ݵķֱֵӿſڰ
Ըǳƽǿ䷹ţ΢ůһ㣬ѲһȷûֵӺͶȻ˸յĻѣռһϯ֮ء
ĵʿ΢нһᣬҲһѡϾһʯҲ̸жˡͷԵĸ𽥿ʼ̸µأͷġ쵼յһ飬֪ŪһӺѣۿžҪʼһȺϲּĴͳĿ
о·ϲúȾƣֲܴܣȺںҲܶʫʸ踳ĵΨһⶬҹ㷢һ¶ྫģҲֻжĲ˰ɣ
ҪȴǳƽƼˣҲûʲôֻЩɻʵȺĹѵ·ҲŽͭ𣿡
ǳƽȻòȴҲ֪ԶĿͶԣ渶Ź񫣬˾ͲˬˣһŲóѿȥ͸Ρ
Ȼо̶װģΪ˶ĲųصǮңЯһЩӦ̫ƽҲó
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ǳƽһһСֽţƽּµġ¹ݡеġȯ
˵ƽ֚ظģǳṩÿ²ǧʯĹӦÿʯֻǮԭĥػӱΪֹ
ŵҲܸεʵʩɼҳߺ·ѺˣԽֱӸȯǳҵ¹ݵķֵȥɶһ
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ȯǲģκһǳҵʿȥһɵףԿԳΪһȼ䵱Ĳĳ롣һ࣬δǶϣȫȶҲȽбϡ
ȷʵǺʡ°ǳƽɵصͷǵݡݵʱҲñȯֵ͸ˡ
پûʲôԵġղ˵˼Ӧδ˵ǰԶϲŵ£ǳͽԶֱȥϯ˼ûעҾͱ͵ˣҪǵóʮʯıȯծǿˡ
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أһʼճĬû뵽ϷеĺʿŲ˹ϸ¿ӵоᵽһƥɫս
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ʲôвǰλĳƷûģ£֮ҵȿһߴ򽻵ϱܲǳƽǲס
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ţҵİ˨ˣԵȡʿһЦȥ


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͵ǳͽԶֱһͳԷ;б͵ó˱ȯˡǼҾݸƽּҲûʲôϵֻһֱƽּãټ֮ҲҵԶֱһ򣬱˱ȯֵȻºǸϰҲ˳صƽּҵġ¹ݡȥżֵʮʯıȯ˳ȥ
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͵ǮȻӶģʯǼһܵ͵ֽȴ±ȯ
ƽ֚úֺЦıּСֶβôۡҲòϣʱСֶȴҲͦЧġ
¿ҳɫͬСгЩزסĽΪܷΪ٣ⷨӾģľ㳤ʵȴе;ȣƺǶµİ취̫ͬǸܥβһ۹۱Ǳǹĵӣ˿û춯ʾһһΪƽϻ̬ȡ
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СгֵԸ񣬻Ҳõϵһء
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ۿ״ƽ֚ѾȷʾǵȻҲ«ľ
ƽ֚˵ԸܷĵġһҲûиѡáʱƾ˵ĻԸǿӰҲޡÿʱˣ
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ǣ㵽ıŹһ䣬󻺻ͬʱչʾǰļֽڵǰյ֯ױţԴµǡΪȤΪƼ¡ĽھáڼǧǼλѯʱǷֶΣΪֵϵеĵᵽ̫࣬ʹò㣬Ʊȯ֮ºܸȤ
ȼ佲꣬ʾƽּѾ㹻׼ΪĻֵƷʳΪλлҵĺôҪͣλȻġ
Ҳǽغ;ӵĻϵġƽ֚֯ң֯Ѿռ˷ɣںŨβƽԭ㹻ʳ֤á
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һ룬ƾҵƽ֚㽫˾İսʧȫҲΪһڴ微ʤһĸ߼ȥһĲ
ʱҴҲշԸ˼֣񹲷ȯǧʯһǧİٶʮʯѾһʳǧʮʯҳƷĥбݵĴǧһپʮʯƷһǧʮġ¼ƻĥʳǧʯƷܼٹᡭȥʼͶʽһԼǧٹᣬԼ;ǧŰٹᣬǰճ֯ʹ˼ֵĻƽĿδ̫Ŀգǧֿãнİһʮᣬϡ
˲ҪһһΧڣʹ޵ĻңôҪȫ¹㷺ʹֽǲ̫еİɣյ˰δ׬ͷҪ˵α֮ˡ
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ǳҰͨϢҴԶԶȺ
룬ڳ˷׷̧ͷȴ˵ָʾֻƽ֚ü˼Ƭ̣ȻʣƶЦô𣿿ԷģҪ޶һЩ


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ƽ֚㡰󷽡ó˸ĵĺȪһ֮󣬴żҾͱƾӵ˵·ڵϲĸ崦һʱػ
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νɽڸߣˮ顣СªԺյƽةڴˣУиԫܥˡ
ǳľṹĉBţû߼һĴ˼ȫκλڡǼ֮ʩſڵҲֻʮᣬ֪ûٷģһۿȥͨڵĴζδظϵϣׯ׳֮иȫˡ
˿˼ȴģܹڽʿͷƽة˵ĹʽټڵĸɮںȪιҵĻҡ˱̳ʦżڴŨ縣ס֣ܵų֮ڵż˱ܻˡ
ڻ֣ǺȪصĺУµס˾ʦ˰׷Բԣԣڡڽѧ硱ûǳˣ˼ȴϣʮ꾭Ӫǲ۲۵ĵͷ
һЩǴʮһ˾ҲǺȪڵλߵ٣˳ɣϽ治̵ģһֻĩ˾ȨְǸӼ̳жͲ̫㹻
˵λڽʿٶǼġˡȥɽǣݷùĴҲδˣвͬɮµʡοƽ֚㽻ǳϵС
ǲҪͨÿȺ򣬶ƽּسǳҰмˣߺŽġǳҰҲӣѸپʹλ˵ǳǣ漴棬šڡϯɼԭ͡
ɼԭżߣȻྫСĶԸ
Ȼ򼸷ѿȴֳ˲Ļ֮⣬λ˲ôˡ˾ʦǿôЦһЦӦǡ硱˾ȴֻšһĶԻӣٶֻüͷƽ֚ܵķ
״Ա֮ǰǳҰ̸ЦĳɼԭľñӣЩҲ֪ԼķȻţκѪԵҲǳúܣŸոձΪϰڡһԱѣλԶԶ㲻ϸߡ
˲ãȴֲұ¶νܼˡɼԭ˱ͿڲͨǸɴҲô˵ˡ䳡ȻΣȴܺùֳì
ʶƬ̣ƽ֚ȻӺ˼ʱλѰͲסĿˣƼ֮һ˹ȥ
˾ᣬҲĵƽ֚ǰ͹ڵأʹ飬
ϣǧΪ紫Ļҵǻڽ񳯣Слѽ
һ̨ʺͱݣùѸͣûκηӦʱ䣬ƽ֚㶼ɵһ㶡
ݼھչܻˮƽɼԭĬĬ˲ۣñ۸ĵˡ
ţͷ׷˾ʦҲþǰͨһݵڵأƽ֚㲹ҵǰΪĻںȪػʩΪ޿ˣ˾Żʧ̬ǧ򺣺
漴Ҳ̾һǰԴصͷƶɮʵиƽ˵и
أ˵صƽ֚һûƵģɻ󲻽⡣Ƭ̣ոշӦı飬Ƚ˰˾˾ʦƽ֚˹Ųæλϣһ£˵
λԶˡֻǡ֮ǰҲѾж뿪ȪǱߵ飬ºѲ˰
ƽ֚ԵʮֿܵȻûκεĿųɷ֣͸¶һǧ̬֮ȡ
˻һող˵˾ʦɫһ䣬̾һ¶𡢷ŭνӵɫڴԻȻҲ֪ǰǸƽִ˲鷳ҵʵûбİ취˰ֻƶɮһЩίΪ˴ֿǣҲˣǺȪʮ磬͵֮Ѱ
ϺеĿڲŻǲͰìƵĸ߶ȣƽ֚Ҳòóһӵ̬
顭ô𣿡ѯˣȴľѻҡȻλ̫ϤڽʿôΣջҪԼ𸴲ŷġ
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ǴӲ˵ٻֻ΢ַ
ҴǰһֱûŷֱʵŶƽ֚ʩһ񣬵˵ͷʱգȪڵɮºȷʵǶ꣬ƹġΡ棬ҵѱȫƻˡ
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Ȫúòãƽ֚δȥʲô衱֮飬ǲű߼ʡ
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ЩܵʿǣȻԶܸߣҪĻĵǲȻĴ󽫾֣𾴡ٱˡ˶֪ѾûʵȨˣȴͬͳȨ΢ι򣬶֯Щֺġʿԣȷʵе⡣
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ʶƽ֚⣬ûнĻֱӡѡ١·ػһߡΪʱųѶѾ˸Ŀеѡٸ㡰ڳ顱ûɶˡ
취һȦӣɹƤ˳ȥͬʱԼҲط˸ĵĺȪһ
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Դ뿪֮ƽ֚һֱ˹עźȪ鱨ִǰЩ˵˵뷨Ҫи˳һЩ
˵ƽ֚֮ʱĻƳĺ˹λֱǷβңľ澰Ұ嶨Ļ״鵽һǰҲǸӵܡʱգѾʲôֵüסˡ
ڲһϵβԼܱߺĻ룬ǷβľһκȪ֣ǸҰģƺǱΪ߷һľ¹
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Ҳ֮أЩˣƽ˵ġΡ֮ټͣҵȽ̫֣࣬ܲ߱±š䲻롯֮ȨҲԴΪεػҪеİ࣬ǳڹģƶɮɡȻ̬һ󣬳ײϣŪΣ»ԯ޵ĺҿεĴǶҹ־ʿֻᣬδЩˡ
߶߶һڲԵǰ½˱Թβȴ˲ҪЦʵ˵ġ´١ʮͷѾ꣬еġƽˡȴŶ֮껹Ŷʮء
Ȼƽֻ֚Цף벻ȥҲһĻûҪᡣ
˾ֱ˵öˡǶ˾ʦ֪ۡǷǱʾ󹧾سƽ֚ӣ˵ȻǲһĻ״سʲôĵģǼλΪʵ˲λľһھ˵Ҫûձ˰ʯأһٸ㣬ᱲϾĹϵоǴ翪ɽδеģʵš
˾Ҳʵϵúܡ˵ǴҲ˵ȻͰѹؼ˵ˡ
ʲôײϡӷ𡱺͡˲¡һǹûʶĻĵģԾǲƲȨ
ƽ֚΢Цűʾ⣬ȴʮ´ôԭ
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һ˵սʱڵĴڵڽ֯ʮģȵẉֵ̂ĲͬеӰΰ;áЩŵǹմƬصɮ˺٣ձ;ձ࣬ձҲҪ̷ٰ
ƽ֚㵽ȪʱжԡһΪˣȪӰҲȽϵ͵ձ鲻
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Ҳ˵ƽ֚Ͻ´֣ڲĻ𲢣ֻ۱ֻˡ20ĳЩҶԴл֯İ취ǲġ
˾ʦ˾ˣȻΪЩ֮⡣ǻ̽һСС֣Ȼƽ֚ȻûʲôӦԡ¡͡硱Ϊ׵Ĵ´ԽԽ޼ɵˣԸֶܱߵСС֣һʼ̲̣߷ɮɴǿƶԷȨΪӹ
ֶԽԽңմϵѪҲԽԽˡֻҪе緶Χڣˣʹһһˣƽ֚Ҳ
ǰ˵õŽһ¹ػˡ
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ȻҲջ˲ٻԹЩҳݡ
Щʮ˵СС磬ǰӣΪҪŽᣬԿļȨȣػƽ̬ѺãȻûҪˡ
ƽ֚վڰߣڿأĻ֯ìܼ˸ƣȿԴѺųܸõɶٹ
ҲûʲôԤƵı仯Ļȥ´٣ڷֺȪڽڲѪȷ֮𾪵Ըӣνǽƽ񡱵ˮƽҲɣԴڸУֲͣΪ
Ȼֻ磬ڹȺеġ˰ҲյһӰԽСЩ
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Ȼǿڿ˵ƽ֮⣬߿Ծҵˮ𡱣ȻʵϣЩ꣬Ժյ磬ʵܹġ͢ĸ߹٣ĻسȅɽĻˣ˵ϻֻȱطʵɵĳԾƽ֚ˡ
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˾ʦ˾ԼںȪòĻңѾȥˡƻǰܸأѰڽ֧̽֡˾ȻиټڸԺգҲܵȪӵǰᣩǶҵѣܲܰϴæ˵ˡͬɣͬ˴˶иԲͬûô־ɳǡ
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ƽ֚㱾˱ֵûͦ˵ġԭ㲻ģǰڳȫȻҵ̬Ƴÿֻһʱϯ飬һ½Ҫģͱлͣǰûˡ
ճѰռҳ˾ְɳȥﳤסҳͨЭָȫ֣һ޽һˣô棻Ÿݣӹ⸺⽻ʣҴξѾһ棬ӵءũɣˮĹǳҰغȪά֡ĻᡱУϽµġΰ켩ҵڶͶڵдһϣʯţ㰲ǲת
֣඼ڷеãƽ֚㴹ѡΨеǰӵҵɱԹʵġϣͶԽʮɡһ쳶ˣܥβ硢ľ㳤Сг½ġϰڡвûһ㹻೤ˣҲΪˣƽ֚־Գֹ᳹ȥֻҪЩ˼ˡÿʱġʱ䡱һʱķ
ںΪģƽּҵ翪ʼᶨšԵ䵱ΪͬʱҲ۵ġԽݡзΪҵġݡ׺ʳҵġ¹ݡڵ·Ȫĥ᪵ȵʮҷֵꡣ
Щƽּ˵ϻĵݶǡ̡ݣȡòƵרȨҪռг׬ЩǮʵڼ򵥲ƽ֚㲢δӯҪĿģŪŻݷͼȯƹ㿪Ϊ˲ûʲô룬֯ų֧ԮͶȥ˲١Լʯʳ׼𡱣ӡˢֵʮʯƱݣѽгͨʯ
ͬʱ⡰ȯ̯Ҳ̵ԽԽˡãּʱĴҵõ˹㷺ֻһʯʮʯʯֵĴͨȻʺƽճʹãڴ̻ϼʿԣȴԺʵʼֵĽҪúܶࡣƽ֚׼Դȯе˰Ǹڵݳ˶衣
һ֮󣬾ȻʮʯͰʯֵġȯܻӭһʯֵôͨСԴƽ֚㵹ҲּɣȻӰͨԣͨҲ˹Ѷȡ
Ʊȯӡˢͷαο˱κļķһĿǰ߼һڡݡҵܣһʱʵģµ⣬ƽ֚һķ΢ŽԴʮУɲСһЩ
ԶŨųԴҲʮġûҡ˼ҵǺ׾ˣһŪƱݡֽҡͭǮΪһȫ½ϵѽܼŨβȫȥһʱȻҲǰ첻ɵģƽֻ֚ʵʵصáƷɣ飬Ȼд微ʤȥͷۡ
֮ܶƽּ񣬾ĹٺǸ˾ְΣв˻۹ӱӹ⡢ǳҰҴζܵ˼νƽּԶҰھɮںĩӰɶβ᳤ŵ˵õۣ½Ϊ֪аʯķˡ
һϣսֵļҳǣмģЩԹԳ
ƽ֚ԪԪ꣨1568꣩ʱĹս£ȡʤֱ꿪궼Ϣģû˱˼
ǱڵĵȻв٣ۿðͷüҶʰһ˭᲻ùͷأƽ֚ȻûȥˣӲִ
ϢչǺкôģ佫ǾͲǺϢˡ
ʱϵԷֽ磬и߼ʿξģϸϵĹٺ佫ԣ微ʤҲһֹ˱ҪʱɺŹڻⲻвȱĻ֪ʶֲʶԾȫûֻһ˼ǰ̡ƽ־еͷָ10ˣͷָ330ˣܳǨͷָ3Լ100ˣҲ
һڲսҵľǾͻ᲻ֽһͨҼΡٽȱ󽫣ָ300-400ˣ޵شݵƽ֚ߡ
ƽ־ССû״սҲ࣬Լ󽫶ǺʿȻ׽һʿŸͽﾰ桪ĿݱϡȴʦֽܹӰˣ
Դƽ֚ĶӦǣͷͷļҳȥӡΣѧϰ»֪ʶˮƽͷͨʿͶ֯ľľǹһһʵսйľ
Ͼƽ֚սʤԺյͳ˧ṩˡźʵҲô顣
ʱ֯ҲϢĽֻ࣬Żսʤҡɭɳɵ¶ʿͲסįµƽ֚㶼ضˡ
Ψһһüʢ׽ҳæѹ½ĹڣС嶼ƵþزƲȻüҵʿʮָǣȴǿˣôвأ
֯ųԴҲǲŲּɣɾϸ˼ּˡ
ѵõĳںƽŷˡĻ֯ҵͬǴû£ʰһһؼĹв˶̸˺Ȫƣֳ
Ļ´Ȫìܡ´֮ļͻƺʲôܡ
ƽ֚㰵ʲô鲻ᣬֻ㡰ٷӦ
ȣλıȻѾְͲֱӲˣ
Σ֮ͬ壬Ȱ˫ǰӣͬ죬ΪǧҪͼñ⣻
ڵĸҪΪκԭȪڲìܼ
ԴˣȻ̾£˽ǵ¸صĳߡ
ϵˡѣĻִˣϣִ֣ƽϢìܵģ˿̾ͲΪʧҲʲô
ֻм˿ݻӦ
֯ų֪£ЦһţֻдšΪȤĸ֡
͵͵Ϣǡº
ԶŨӵаҲд˷Ź˵ȴǡɱţգ
ƽ֚ԴֻܱʾΪȻȪ⵵£ҲȷʵֻǸ˭ֻиţأ


ʮ £Ҷģ£
ԴӸµ˾ʦ˾ǰ·ݷƽֹ֚˶ʮաڼĻ´١βңľ澰ˣڿʼʽ֣ˡβãǳĺȪػԱ˽ǧ˵ֱ·һ֮䣬ͲΣû˶ǧʯأս߰ɮʮˡ
˵ЩԭǴ´ġǷá´꣬Ŵξ޹֮ڶƲϸ顱֮һСַŸ˴ǰѹС磬󲿷ΪС˴ǵء
±䣬ҪǷգȻɸɮΣڽͬ飬Ⱥά١ˡȪڵɮºǣȫȻ޷һĵġǰԸºʹΪĴ´磬Ρ֮Сѹ˸ŭˡۿЩǿܺߣ˻һ֡ߡ޲ֳƿ죬ޡֻءû侮ʯԵˣ˿Эս˼أ
һһ磬޷ŽǲԶԿػľӵġԸµ˾ʦ˾Ҳûʲô취ãҴںȪڣһֱڽܸǻͽ޹۹ơ
Ȼȫ˵ͽ޹ƺҲе֡Ұɽȸصڽʿǣûʲôϵȱ˽⣬ǳںȪĸºʹԾϵ֧֣Էβңľ澰˵ıбʾǿǴ顱ѵҲӰ졣
ȻǴһҲͲˣְæǾԲܵġϾ촽һ˵ƯǲҪǮģȴǻỨǮˮġ
ԴǺƤˣϧݷ˱ȅɽï񹬵ȵأЩڽ̽ǵͷΪһտĴ󽫾ǲ׵˵ġͷͷʵж˿ûͣ˼ǸˣĻȻҪȴôȵʵأ
ȻҲһȥ˽⣬ֻ֪šҲ˵⣬ǹ֮ԵǲǰˢĻᣬԼҲδظðա
֯ųǱߵȻҲܵòϢ˲ɵϰߣƽ֚ʰ棬ûֱӲָ˼Ҳľ㼪;؉Uֱǿ䱸ֹ꼰ˡ
Ȼλô̬ȣµ˸öˡڲͬǼһϲҳģ΢ƽ֮£Ҳû˭óȻ档
㣬ɣջû˳ֹ´ںȪġСˡȻǳʤ׷ʮ֮࣬һȡʯء
ۿŴ´ڽڰˣҪһܱסżˡ
²Ե֪Ⱥڣ׷׿ʼ޷βңľ澰Ŀ棬ΪĻһ󹦼޲˵˵ǺȪ粻ͽȻ֮ĻԱȣµǰδƽةˣƺӹڡ羸ˣϵĹ⻷мʧɫ
ֱ£ĩĳͻȻ˼䡣
ڸδע⵽Ļ֮أԺȪϣ޶ɱһ֧ûŵؾӣһǧ٣Ϊңȴºһ·սδǵľӷͻϮ
βңľ澰˱ǧ˳˳ˮһ²ˣѽӽǧһǧٵزǰû˿ĵֿһսսսû˸Ҵˣͷܣλӻذǵʱֻʣһٶױ
𿴾ôǧˣĻ˵治öԸ
Ȫλ´٣ǿǿŴճǧں֮ڣԲǶֱܴ֡Ҳǧˣѹ׵ϱ᲻ֵط
ָȪȻλٸոԡȥδйսΪɣǽ˶ġ˰ڹ˺гܾ١
ųȻɽ⣬ǲһۣö֪ǻڶʳ֯Ǳ˺Ȫػְλ⡣
ȻĻȴδؿϳοϳÿҵʵҲδ㹻Ҫ
ȻĻòһԵͳ˧ˡԳǵϴΧＯŮǵʱ򣬵зֻа˰ˣ;ù˼ɹ
ֻ֮һѡ֡
Һ֧زӡ׷ӱӲȤڹǣǲ롣
ǿһ飬֪֧Ĳ֮ͣȻǼӺӶ
ôݡýֺҲ뵽ȻĴ´ˡ˭ϵ˾ʦ˾⣬Ȼôһ
ӺӶ죬ԶǮ²ϡ档ֻǼȸߣӵޣʲô˶öġƽةټӣӶǧ˳ս£ͻǧ֮ࡣ
ȪЩ٣ݺͲƸƺûβŶԡ˻ɣⱳǷʲôıأ
Ӻص֮һľϵĻ֯һ壬¡ĿǰҵľȻֺȴͿΪǮʲôܸɵġƽصҪȪϴƽּҺ죬ּ֯һ죬Ըɨӡ
ľֻϵ죬ܹܵסĵҲޡγģǸľҲ̫Ըżҡ
˭мǣߣǮƴЩ⣬ľǵ治֪
ƽ֚㵹ܻش⡪ԼǮԼ֪ܲβɫԳ˾ʦ˾ӺصϹϵľҡż֮ìܣ߽ܹ¡ĶЩϸƽ֚㶼֪
֮ǡ֪ǡһΪֻṩ˷ʽȫǱһڵеĹϵʵеġ
Żһ飬ƽ֚ظ˾ʦ˾һʡοʽ𡱣ҪϷЧ㡣᰸ˣΪƽ֚ãϷ̫ˣ̲δԵ̫١
գƽ֚ķӦֻһ䡪£Ҷġ


ʮ 𹫼˽ϣ
Ķǣ𴦲ͬġ
ǣΪ˷˶޽ıҪ̼־ۼȻγɵóУǳԭ򣬸Ĵ󽫾Ļڳסĳ˵ǣ˵ǸԴܵĴլۡ
ԳҲǷ羰ʾӣȫһ͸źŵζ
С԰ӣĺʱڣ׷ſȻӢͷף˶ĵѪ
õĻִˣԺȴΪͻġ
ȻҲͻ
Ϊĳ߲Ա֮һȴųڲĻ֮⣬˭ִ˼ȥʲôġ
ϣֻԨӢһɫٳľѹ˽һЩ衢֮ջѣûйȥѹ˵ĵλ
ֻҪɵӵˣܿҪͷйȥȲ質ʫȻǵõεı֡Ųμȴ֮ˣǿ϶¡
࣬ʵȴ㣬ȨʵҲδжȹʵһĻǳ˸ŵʲôòˣǵĴ裬ȴȫάϵ֣֮ɱ᲻ˡ
õִ£ϵĻǰŵĴһʧ˳裬Ҳ᧿ΣԺãԾδõټȻѾ͸ˡ
һʱҵһͳ˵ǡҪѲƵȻĸۡɣ
ȻǲϾôˡ
Ȼֵȵڶ΢߼ЩˣȻͬĻҪѲƵȻĸۡɣ
͵Ѫˡ
þˣãЩһ򹧹аΥǣƺȫǱϹ˳ȴų˼
紵Ҷֻζ
ʱᣬޱģˡ
ʫʺ͸費ôȤˣͻȻе⣬ΪʲôɣʷϵǣôƷˡ
Ȼһ¿ݵѣôҲûԭġ񹫷ȻδǶصĺܣҲϲŭ޳þ̵ġ
˼Ҷ˵ĲףԴں߶̫֯羸ˡ
Ҫ˵ĻڲҲûСǹѾ֯ҳԾˣϸТҲһ˶֮󣬱˴˼ԶˣҲΪǡԼˡˡѱųĻ߻֮⣬νβεˡ
ˣĿǰʱڱѼġԼˡҡˡʹϧ͡𾪡ġ
ʵϣԭʣڡȪѡϵ̬ȡ
νѡ˼壬ǡ𷨵ѡܵڽ̽磬ʻ㣬Ȫڽ¼˵̬ȡ
ƽﲻͬڽϵȻҲụ๥ڦʿ׼ѹҲͬġȻͬģҲźһЩƤëġ֧֡ԶûдﵽҪæǮ˰æսĳ̶ȡ
ΪĻ֡ѣԴ˶ҲЩʼδҲľ澰βң´̫Сվҵϣ˴Ҳûк˷ԣ
ȻΪĴ󽫾δƵʵȨ˷úȪһػȨǳﻮ꣬Žҵ֮ʵƽ֚ƶȪֻǻָĻȨĵһѣҪǵһͷֳˡɽǹľ
⼸Ҳǽ˶֯ЭʵһСڵܲųһѶԸɣ
˼ǰѲû˼ҳսʱ֧ԮǿӲ̬Ҳ֪Ļֱսǿ̬Ҫеġ
ڼƽ֚˷ţ̸˺ȪһЩأԴ˱ʾһĵģᵽӶ˶ǰң齫ʰ̶Ļתδ٣ſߣ𸴹ϡ
ȻǱˣȻƽ֚ûӵ̶ֳȡ
һٴĻġӥɡҳǷ׷׸ϵܣɾʮ㣬ɡǲսս
׵ģִˡҲ֮󣬵Ըȴʮʵôѵǻۣƽ֚жŲɡ
Ϊִ¡ġǴ£ƽ֚ϵ
ǺԥȰ˵ƽ֚ľ棬һҪӡ
֪ĸ۴˹˵ۣ˼ҶԴǴˣʾصġ𾪡͡ʹϧ֮飬˵Ƿҡ
ǣõִ£ȻôͻȻʧıԵ
˹ڶǵͥԺȻǳ˲ޡ
Ϊҳѵ⼸䣬ǳ¡ֻˣĿУһŷ쵼
ΪǳڹĲѼ䣬û뵽ȴ˲ƽĴȻǾԩ
һһ˼ϣӥɡļҳںȪϸ
뷨һ漴
Ȼ˲ȴб֮⡣ֻǡִ¡Ȩ֮ףҪİ취û
ֻǣʲô취أ
Ϊһˡ˵Ȼ뵽𹫷˽ֶ֮Σһ棬Ϊһʮ꣬ĽڲδʧʱûóΪ鳼˼׼
Ρִ¡ʱǰεǰô˵ġ
˵Ҷ֯ҡӭⲻ֪Ϸ֮ԡӭΪĻȡذˡϷȻܼȴͶ֮֯⣬ʶ
У˶ݡ
Ǽ棬ȷʵͦжġ
ôĻԽίˡֻǸƽ֚ȰĻȽһЩҪɮߡȫǲκζĽԣôùأԤϵɲ̫һ
ϸĻƽ֚ǷŵȷʵЩ⣬Ǻĵľ棬־Ӹµ˼Ļӡ뼥
ʱ˶Դû̫뷨ΪһʵߣЩϸ΢ĩڵĶϡοţǳӱ֣֮ϵ߲ѡƽ֚ҲûҪҹ衣
Ҳϸ΢ĩڵĵطñϺɰٴѲȻŭϣ˵ң˾ֱƽ֚㽻ֻǨŭƽֹϵеˡ
ڼɣǨŭˡ⼸ں˸תЩҪѿڶˡҪͿʵʵҳˣҲΪǰ;ˡ
ͥԺʱյĺ֮ʱꤣˮδȴҲʼûĹˡ
ҲͬչһԽԽȥ
ֱҹɫѲ˹ϲˮԺ鷿ȥȺ
ôһ΢Ķݣѹס˺òߡ˴һöСӣǿ񣬻ָ˹̬ȡ
ȻҪ̤ȥȴȻƳſڳһĿ
ʶģܳСաֻǲžʮͨδãֻίЩżεĹʶǵ֡
ʱλǲֵСգȴٴУһ֣̿·ʲô춯صĴ¡
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˼һ˲䣬ֻСܳ裬ƿһ·СܽԺлߺţˣȪͺǣȻӺصػľӳǣ
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ڱܣͬһȾŭ־塣
Ȼ򣬾꣬ŭ꣬꣬ͻȻָ˵ط֣ԼġְҵġͻȻгֵµת
ӥɡǸ¶ȻԵáɡԶǶػȨĴûᡣ
ȻȻڡ𹫼˽ɣˣֻ˳ʱôҲ㲻ʲô鳼ɣ
Ȼ֮䣬ĵʣĽڲֵּһ㡣


ʮ 𹫼˽У
δҳĹϵĿǰͷ۵֮һ
ȻϸЩ⣬ֻǶ˵סġοʼǡ˲ѵáһĻ֮ԵʮͻԨӢһɫٳ֮ȻֵΣȴЩʱϹŶˣóЩ£ֶֻֻʺһǰɲϴóġ
ֻʱҪܴ̻ƵļҳȻʱû̫ɾܾͣʵɾԵһȥ˰ʾǱһȻԶԶǿЩ̸ֿ㡰񡱵ĸ֮һ㣬񹫷֪ġȻԼҲȫʵˡ
ĻҲй˲ţȻǹ㼸ǹͶ֯ˣϸТûҲûɶˣΩ̬Ҳʮ塭
ԣѱҪúһܲӴ̬һãȫϷġ
ԭֻôһȴȫû֮˼
һʼֻʱʱġ
һɫٳԨӢˣѵһǿӲ̬ܹ裬һʱ֮£׷׿ʼڲԵҷ̸֮о˵ʲôüһΥ桱֯ѱּ˿֪塱֮Ļ·𼴿̾Ҫҵľٹ⣬Ⱥĳͨͨѵһ顣
ѶԴ˿ЦãֱֲѹƣҲ޹ʴϲֻ̣֮֮ˡ֮£ɴԸˣȻȥպм档ֻǺƫƫһֱȰȥ
ȵѱ鷿˽ֲһ¹ϵ˭֪ǰ֮䣬ȴȵȵˡȪҡϢ
ȪȺͺ¿ǣĻ´ǵϸȻȺ޷Ĺڣ췴ˣ
⻹˾ŭȻϸ룬Ҳûйھͷŭ
Ҫ̵ǵ棬ȻȻõĻƣͷ󷴿Ļѵû𣿱ˮھˣȪǵطڽǣҲȥ
ֻû뵽ǣڡ
˼֮䣬ѾͿ˹˽ʩ˴
ɣ˵֣ͨ˰õˣɡ
ʱѲδúȪǱ߳ʲô£Ǿͽһߣת˼Ըοǰȵвžߡҳ
Ȼȴ˿ûϵӣֻӦһ̧ͷȻɫ˵
ˡ³·˺Ȫҵ飬ʴǷʵ
һΪ²ãüǸǼģԸȴƫһʱֻǶԷ㷢ˣƬ̣ûټƽϣ˳ŶԷĻش˵ȪȷʵһЩ¶ˣ˵ЩΪ繴˼ڡľβˣĻίεĺȪ٣δԮϢƻ̫
أ¼תҲϸ룬û¸⣬ŻظûзԮϢȴδǺϢǶѾΧҲ;ػأΪ¾
⸱ɷнµ̬ȣЩ޷ӣһʱ˲ԭȵĻ⣬˼ļ
ȻһǰŷӦ֮ǰƽ֚ͻȻ׵Ź˵ʲôɮաƣʱĻ˰ԼΪȻΨƴǻҲΪˣԶ̬
ǰʲôأɮˣһܹҫԼȼ֮
㣬СӷͲǰˣû뵽̬ȣ쵼һǽ¶Ҹ쵼ǽд治
̲סüؽ֮ȷ˳Իⷬδ̫Сľβ˰ɣֻ̫߿Ȫ𣿡
ղŻǡɡȴĳɡˡֶͨñƺǴŭˡ
ȴԾɻδţȻȳǹı飬Դǿеع˵֪ǿᣬǰϸóư֮ʱȻûʲô취ĻŸոתΣΪѣв
⻰ѽŽɡ
֪񹫷ˣڲǳӣʱȥУһֱûӴ̫ҵ飬ڡںơ飬ҲֻŰˡԼе㲻̫ţһں֮ȥġ
Ȼ򣬾δǿȥĻѾˡ
һϾＯŮǣԷֻһǧϺڮɽҵĲǱٵоɱһĻû̫ܵȴŴң̲ҲòȥԱƽ֚סӣĻҪָЦ
ƽ֚㡱֣Ƶʮָӵ
ݲţԳΪĻѡġϧӢܣΪʲô֯أ
һȵǹ㡢ϸТҲΪĻˡ
һʱʧȻԽԽˡ˼ǰۺƶϣԼĲ²ǺɵġΪĻеġʵɡǰ롰㹤ĴԶԶˣԶԽܵʶö࣬ڿֵܳı仯ҲԤԡ
ڿɲͨĹڣΪڽ̶һģγ˼Ӷšں֮ڲͬӺصȻ֯ɢôҲ쵼ģҲмƻԡһ֣϶ԤıģĻپʹ򷢵˵ġ
ٵİܾע޷ıģ취ҲͽȻģǻᣬȹԼȨԶҲ𹫼˽
š
ֻҪȵǰߵĻϢݹĻ޲ߣٳ⣬֤ԼļֵҲˡ
鱳ԼԼŵһıϢʱϾȥ˼ˡ
ܹģΨǿӲѼֱȪΣӡĹ۵㣬ͬʱֳⶢŶŵķڴܵĻϢ


ʮһ 𹫼˽£
ǰλ֯ųóսη˵ȻֻҷϴȻûơءİϷ
ȻĹˣʼջǺȱġ֮ǸϸȻҲûɶɾ͵и¹ҵ˵磬ʿǸܵĽ֮ġ
һ棬ҲֻΣ
ȼԶֺֻĵڵŭˡ
Ȼ˲ѵãҲûѵõǸֵĻȥĵز΢һܵίͷϵΪϼӳͽ䡣
ֿУȾΣΪٲȻѾˡء֮ˡ
ǺȪҵӺڵԮԿĻѵĻʲô
˵ףıǹڣվֻǲˣҰسưû⣬ĸҹͳ𣿸ɱĻĴ𣿵쵽Ǹ̶
޷һڣôҲֻƷһػѣǻǼʮǰľˡǰɱǺܿõ˽ѵ˶ӦûῴٸҸͰɣ
ֱȷеϢ͵ϣȻĿɿڴٳٲϷʵ
ˡȻ̣üĿһ⡣˵õģԼĽһ㶼ɣˣѾˣȥ»ĻǲΪʹߣý˸ƽϢҰɣ
ڷ飬֪Ǻãֻи˳ӹ⡣˵ɤһ±ЩãȻӦߣʶ̬ܵӰ󣬷ֹס
Լ˼ѾңǿƳϿʵͱ˵̬Ѿû˽ѹסšתһ룬ҵѾˣʱ޷ѹˣֻһɴһɵֶΣЩӥɡļҳڻҡ
Ȼһº˼̵ش»ӳ顱⺰
衢ھڣѿͷǼλйм飡

ϱһǧ٣񵳲ڹǧϡҵȽսСʤն٣Ȼ´ܣ۱ǧԱڣҰԵУø鰶ǡвб٣ǱVʮʯʮ֮衭
ȥЩĺͽпҵĶ޴ǣ԰Ԯŵصݶһ飬ɫ˼֡
ԨӢһɫٳľѹһԲ
˼״Ȯĸ̾Ȼ֧ӣ˽³ϵĻظһ飺
ˣѾˣȥ»ĻǲΪʹߣý˸ƽϢҰɣ
أһֶûл
Ԩһɫ˷ŷ׷׻Ȼ򡪡ͬ˵飬ǾͲ⿪ˡѲͬΪ˽ƴѹ
Ȼ򡭡
Ҷĸ֣ʵʵĵ˳ˣɾе㳬˰
ĬƬ̣ԨӢΪάԼĵλӣȥˣӲͷƤˣƴëԼ̬ʵ˸жѡֻǡǰŪ𣿼һԱΪϣΪλͻȻ֧ԮȪأŪ֮ǰжɲ̫а
⻰˵˵ϡոաˡĻĿǰȫû鱨ģںȪġҡϸһֻ֪ͨż˽⡣
˾ʵϤһЩڴʱҲֻɴ£Ȼ֪ȫòġ˼άݵúܣһҵ˷İ취ش𵽣ԨǡȻĻľΧжϾ׼̾ǰȪ鱾ĩ
ڡԡϡ
һԨӢɫͨ죬Ȼʧɤӱסһˡ
֪ԨҵĵϵˣԾΪ壬ߵòˣҪܵŢ̵սȥǾƲϵġ
ĻȱʵµĹźͽ죬ȱ̸֮ԡԵüΪ̡
һԵһɫٳüľɵ񡱵ķաľĺҪԨǿö࣬͹ϵֲ磬һֱСҲ̫ˡ
ۼһɫٳҲ˲ǫˣ̧ͷʵƴ˵֮ģҵȶ֪ġµǰȻʣ޷ˣ֪ƴΪδأ
ôһʣ˵ע
ԱԨˮƽˣѾˣ׷ԭԲ취Ҫ¡
Ҳ΢һ㣬Ƭ̣Żش𵽣ҿͬһȪƽ£ƽϲ֮ء˷βľ˾ŪԹصҡԱΪӦƽЭҾֻ׶񣬲вӣĳЩѹեյĶҪԳͽ䡭ƽ֮ҲҪƽЩ飬Эֹصޡ
һʼ͹۹Ŀˡ˼Ϊ˴УƴȨҪĻòõĺȪһͻƽ֚ˣ
Ȼܽ顣ҲòĽ취ǲÿɷ񣬹ʾ˼ԡ
һɫٳҲûܰæģֻüԼˣĻȱΪ̼̫ɱ¾иΪʺȴһЩС֮żҲҪɱӺ岻֮
⻰˵õǺ˱治òӭϣȫΪȻ
ĻֱأŶ룬һһսƽӹȱţһＯŮǰ˰ٵоЦʽҰܡԶļڣ˭ǰȥ
ѲգָӣҵС϶Ը
ޣǹϸТǿڼ鰡ڼиɶ˳ûĻʵȨƽ֚ûغȪá
ɵȪķβľǶĻŵĿˣҲίΡǺȻҰޡ
˲ѾһԸɵʵµˣķܶôԼִȥ
ҪȻѺæ
ԼһĻ˭Աⱻռȵķա֯¾֮ʵʵΪ̫ش󣬾ųҲóȻռݡȪһ
ҲΪĻıʣųΪһᶨġɡġĻ֮Իܴǿű˸ӡôӲдȥĿǰѡһִ˱˲ҲҪٵ㣬ǿ޷ˡ
ȷʵ⡣
ΪĻʵ˥޷üҳһչвܵ˶߳ˣһ棬ȱ˲ţĻͲָܻʵ˾ѭ
֧֧죬֪Ǹǡ١ʼҲûóõķ
ֱһɫٳҧ¶ģ˵ƴ˼ȻҪʿ䣬ҲʾӺˣ빫ƴһǰȥ±䡣ʱҪˣԸΪȷ档ҪԸΪ˵͡
ӧ飬֯ǼΪģĻ治ڳɵóһ̨ϵѡҶֲ壬һɫٳǵд֮ģҲҪԼС
ΨһȷǣһĻͿγƺ⣬ʱ˾Ҫ١Ҳ
ȫҲͬɡ


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ȪңĻһʱòѹ취ô󽫾ãȻʧ룬ִĻϲӧҾֵУһΪáĻһɫٳȴͻȻվ˳רǰ
ԵɣʵҪĻۿ󴬽Ѱ·أԼ˵塣
һɫٳѾˣڵǰĻ£ʵìܡĻȻǿиˣҪɵʵ¡ΪҾңΪԼǰ;ıҪȻʵġ
ȻǸ˲ġͶɡҲȷʵܸʵ¡ύ֯سƽ֚㣬С壬Ļֱصĸ˰ĿȵȡЩ֤ĲܣҲһ̶ȵһڽˡĻڣ벻ĻһˣҲܺ׵صõ֯ңֻ
Ҳ˵ȲܽĿǰҪģĻƵĲдӰԼС̯ӾӪ
Ǵˣ巽ȴȫ벻
һɫٳԴʵ̫٣¼ϸڶֻ֪Ļȳ˲磬Ų˼ӺصԮչڼûʲôֵעķѶϢһŲ֪ġ͸ԭίˡ
ǰëԼ֮ʱ˵ԭǡƴ˼ȻҪʿ䣬ҲʾӺˣ빫ƴһǰȥ±䡣ʱҪˣԸΪȷ档ҪԸΪ˵͡
ǴҶ֪໥̫Ըǿһǰȥ顱Ҳǲͨġ˶ǣֻܸóԵֶκˡ
ڵǣڽһһ⼸һ֧ٶ˽ͬʱƽ֚ƣϵĳ벻١Ը̬һЩƽ֚Ļа취Ȫҵġ
汻˽ˣһĻڲͳһľ档˵Ҫ൱һˡΪһɵĻҳһɫٳȻ־档
鲻ԽԼϣܷͥ
ԼûĽȪ¼ġ
ۼʵĲܣһɫٳ֪ԶˡۼӰһɫ֧ҲƵƼٶ˽ˣ֮Ļʿ̶ֻӡ
⻹ԮĲ࣬˵ġɽƽ֚㣬֯ų÷򣬵õ͢ʽĴλةֵŵ·ػְ֮н۱ںóռ˲Сݶ֮ܶǡ֯Ԫϵָľ뢡
֮һɫٳȻҲмõѣɾͲԶ
˵˼·һ
ȡ³ʿĿǼڷչ׳ԮֻΪҪʱһɫٳ֡ĻȴϰڡһɾһɾĴͳ·ߡ
⻰ʷϵĻʼվôһɾһɾ״̬뼯Ȩкܴࡣ
ͬҪѰԮĿ
˸ƽ֚㣬ϵ˫гںԸ
һɫٳóģǴĻţǣǿһһʵĶ߽ס
ûС׸ǰ߽ˡѡҲں飬սϸڡ˵ȫⶼԼ򻯳һ仰Ѱһƽ֚㲻£ƽ֚ǿĴ
׵ѡ֯ų˵ųĻΧȻӭж⡣
ȻǲʵֵģҰȻңĻҾ㲻ˣôܺİæأ
ų֪Ϊתԣ˼ԶĽ֮ϣڳԽȤ̬ҶԴ˾ʮңϣһעֹ
ĵʮ֮ڵҳԸĻǵģ׼ȷ˵ˮûģȻԶˮⲻ˽ʡ
áɽҰྮ֮Ҫô̫СҪôǵĲžֵ߲ΣҪôΣԱ˺ƽ֚󣬲뻢ıƤ
Ⱥ˾ۼγսųšھսϣָΪĻǲܵġ
֮⣬ֵܸһĴ֡´ǳںͱ½һڵսԳ´ȫ֯ûбֳ־ǳǿƺƽ֚߶һΡ˶ԲĥһΪնǳʹȥˡ
˵ƽ֚Ҳ֯ϵһҳˣ֮ȴӵ˼ӰҪ֮Ļõİ취ҲѰһ֯ڲľͷһųҲʮ鷳ĻԳַԹơ
˵֯ڲͷĻ
һ½ãɭɳྮʵƫڽϷԵģ̫׺ضüʢԼƹҰޡĲʤҡ
ʤȥŵõųƼƽ֚һùְĿǰ²ױɿ
üʢȻһΪ׿вǵʿȴؿư


ʮ ֦У
νȪѡı䶯֮󲻾ãѸٱܸĸʿ֪
һóͨܣ̾ʶϢݵúܿ졣ǧ˼ս൱עĿġǵĿڶഫϸ𽥱˵硣ֺü˴ìܵİ汾
ȶ֣Ļȳ˫սģΣԼӺڲͽȥԭЩؼ⡱ȻͨϰŪģⲢǲ෹ĵýζҥԺԲָ㽭ɽ֣ƷȺ
Ĵܹûġ۵ձõϵģ
һû飬ⳡսȷʵǷˣһĻɵȪĴ٣һǺȪϴӼԮ
սӮڣĻĴǲҰܶʧأֻܹء˵ҿ˵ƽεʱѰ޵ͦι̵ģǲ롣
Ȼȡʤһʱƺûм򰶺ǵĴ㣬Χ˳֮󣬾Ͱæ˰ǰûյġԴʱûΣգ鿴ȥдЭĿռ䡣
֡նδ̬ȣùǸ棬Զ󿪣׷׾ñʲôıơķ籱½һǣǶǺԥɱػչõģȪ̬ȻĻ
۷׷ףڲεش󵨲²⣬ĸͬĻġײƶũԼС̷С֮һ֡ʵʥֻǼ鳼¡ĴŽⶼˡ
һĻչʾ㹻ֶȻڵͬܳΪҸ˵ĻʯĻȪ޲ߣڵͬҲױӡ
սȱ޷ȥģܵõء
ԴˣѵĶԲǣɳִˣԼһɫٳˣΪʹߣӣǰȪȫȨңͷٻϣ֮Ȩ
ǲ˽λʹߵݣ֪ƼҺһɫҵĺᣬȻ޴ԤгɰܣΨ۰Ͱ͹ţֻиϢرͨξ֡ʿ˵΢׵Ϣ
˿֪ģһɫٳϵϡûȷ֣֮ôóɣڡٻϣ¡޴̸Ѵ˾٣Υ˲˲áԭʵǷס
ɼ񹫷ˣȻ浶ǹͻȺ¼̫ûˡࡰĹ¼Ļֻܱ̬ظϽʼѰҺ·־棬ǽҲѾϰˡ

˴˵Ҳ֮δװӣֻһ·嵽ȪڵġѾӪǰ棬ԿԱţ˵⣬Ҫ̸ɣǳԶ˶ԷҶԡĻִ¡֡
ȻһڡѾʿ䣬ĻױԼɲĺ֮ͽΧ£ڵǵǹӭӪʡ
˺󣬻ʱڵġѾͷų⣬˶԰ǵΧȫԮڣһͬʮء
һ˱֪˵ǡииֶƺҲܶ·ӣսҿȥϾҪƽϢˡ
ľƣܿҲʼֵľδ󲿷ֵ˻ƽġ
ͬʱһ˵Ҳڽܵľƹݡ֮ˡ˵ҵĲȫĻǣβң澰ˣΪѹ񣬸ıһƽ˵ġŵɮ˺ֻ֮Ҫ״ٽĻƽʱڣԲ
˵Ȼͷβȴʮַϰյ˼ʽõ˹㷺ͬ
ȴҶɮ˺ձкøеģԸЩɮ»ңԸźȪǱεġ
ΣƽԶϵǽ˵ǿߣ˼ҶµĹƶȣȻҲ̺˳Զµĵβң澰֮Ҳûʲô£ⲻƽ˵ԭҲ
ߣ˵ǳϡʵʥֻǼ鳼¡߼
ƣѵ´Σƽ֚˳ᢣķŵ԰Ϸβң澰Ȼɵ˾Ȫĸɮǣ֮£ǹáɡЩҪɴҵղʶƣǬ
飬дɾ籾ֱˣ
һƬ֮У˶ˣǸӦ˲Ϊʹһɫٳȥˡ


ʮ ֦£
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Ȼʱûս£ΪӦڽĺȪңƽּ´˱սָʾױһǧ챾ټϡϡǧںڣܼǧϡЩʿǣС̼ڳʱ̣һʱСĳξС
֮Уƽ֚ȴδǰгھʵУǴſɵڱͥԺ档
һöӣǰ̹ãȴʼҲӡãջΪһδ̾
ԭΪһٳԵԷӣȡýʮĿƵ֣ȻԷӦԷϣһƬսǣ˽໥ǣ֮£ƾֻʣ¼Ŀˡ
кüĿƣϻͷǲСġֻȱ˽ɱö׵ĳɾ͸УǰԤЩࡣ
ƽ֚ϡƽԶӹ⡢šﳤסҳͨˡǰżЩҳĵʱ򣬴ÿζӮӮĿǺ٣ԵɣǲҲ֪ˡ
ȻӮȴ޷ػʤʵź
ǰȪ飬ǡҲˡ
ƽ֚óһ֪Ȩȴƶ˶ҵķٽպյļӺص
ĻһķӦҲԤ֮С
ԹߵĽǶȿ˵ľٴȷûȥƽϸ΢ĩڣҲ׷Σץס˺⣬ȹӪסƣα꣬ƽ֚ʰ棬α
ܿԴü˥Ժƽ֚ΨһһںȪȶͳθˣȻˣӰȴڣƬصȶͻңѲϵ
ƽ֚㵱ȻҲǶԴ˸еˣ׼˳ˮۣѡһʵʱ䣬˵ĶѺȪʵȨٽչġ
ֻǱ˴֮ʱõһϢ˵ĻһҳһɫٳҲӧҪ⣬ȴͻȻƲ֪ȥˡ
ŽС΢΢Ž̬ȣƽ֚дһϡʯŵȥһȵط֣һɫٳȻ͵͵ȥ˽̫ԭǣݷüʢ
ԭƽ֚ҲĻֱַܻѰáɽҰྮȵȽܺİЩѾ׼
ֻû뵽ͻȻһɫٳôˣһ֯س
üʢ֣ƽ֚ٴСԲһжڱͥԺе塣

˼ãҲòӣƽ֚Բȥ룬ӻҲȻȻͤϣԳһս̬
жϱպʱټⱾ糣е¡Ȼλרҵ֣һ뿪ңͲټˣԴ˵İ˵δϧ
ζɺˣҳѵʲôɣֻ˳ɫˡ
ƽ֚˫ĿƬ̣ۣüˣΪ˶ⲻۣΪѾȴη塣
һʰоֵӹŵһ£еӻһڵϣɽһƬ
һ̧ͷֻﳤסɫ糣½ҳҳͨδɫ¶ˡı飬һԵķ㰲Զδš
ӹȻ֣Щ棬ƺԼǺȦӵġǾ䲻ܴ˵Ļ˻֣̿һεĸ֮ġ
ƽ֚ĸ̾λֻһ롣üʢһȻóҲͨ⽻Ĳܣ㲻϶ˮƽԶϡǽƽ֚ģ˵Ϊ˶ⲻۡû⡣һ䡰ΪѾȴη塱Ǵأüʢȷʵϲڶķڵηĳ̶Ȱɣ
֮ܶǻһԽ磬̾ǲܶġ
źﳤʮѾĳУý֪ʺأ
ﳤײǰķ֮˵ĻȻҲȫûݵĴꡣ
üʢϲºƵüԲᣬʤµһߵģһ˲ŵƲܵˣɭɳ˲ĵزԺһ㣬Ҳϲƽ֚㡣ƽ֚ǳֹǵġ컯չģҵĵĿԼĹ佫û־Ҳר׳棬һܹȺڵĻӭͰ
Դ˱ػӦ˵Ҳü˵ơƿصĵ̶֯ʼնҪءҲ֯͸Ը⿴üȪһ
䡰ʵƽ֚üһ塣ȻʵͲΪų⡣
ӹҲ˵ʲôֻһʱ벻ʲôмֵķԣǱؼʰ̡Ķǵ飬ȷʵ
ֳĬһȴҳͨˣȻ˽λü˵ϰߣΪһȱľˣҪֺȪ֮£ΨСַһ;ѡüԤϵĻѾ˾װȻ;ˡ
ӹʶȻĻִ˴ѾԸչͣˣüкγأ
ҳͨһƲ·ЩƲԷؽ˵ǰȪͣһɫٳȴȥѰüЭɼбֻҪ͵ϮȥڵľɱɢֻʾԵˣĽȨһɫٳüʢ֮֡
أδӹⷴӦֵ˴˲Ҿ֮ˣһɫٳž͸ˡüһȪҿ¾Ѳֽȥˡο֯δԸľ档һɫٳüʢ֮£ָ֯㣬Ҳδ֪
⺧˵Ĵ󵨲²⣬ƽ֚ɫ˿䣬·Ԥ֮Уֻ΢΢ҡҡͷʵкߣ
ԥһûϣԱߺﳤڣΪߡüȪŭü֮ǰӵĻ֮Ȫַ硣
ﳤⷬʾڹƵνߡϣı⡣
˲ΪȻɫʲôû˵
ҳͨͨʵֱ̬Կ²ףδ̫δ̫
˻һﳤôҲϹҲסд⡣ҳͨȻǱçײ裬ֻû
ֳ˵ַȴʧȥġƼ˵Ļü˱ںȪ޸ôֱʱɱںȪվȽŸ𣿡
ҳͨɤӻӦҿü˲ɵӣȻҲ֪ʵʿƺȪ˷ǰһԭҪƽּЩ鷳ˡ
һֱڹһ״̬ӹ·ͻȻѹһزһ䣺˵üڸƽּ鷳ô֮֯ڣѵûϣü鷳𣿡
أƽ֚ͻȻ֧ӣǰһ


ʮ ּ
ҵǳβվĻԿʵڲѣлԭίֻܰƵڹǰ˵ˡ
ʦˡΪ״ҳΪĻִ£Ƿ֮¡ĺ֮һеĳͻǶ½ֻۣͼԲöϵġ
Ƶ治ͨ߰˵ֻһ˻ΣĻһҲĴ󽫾ļҳġֻǷβľλ̫¹رȪһʮյʵǲѰ
ţ˾ǡǰƽ˵κȪٵʱλĹû˵ʲôΥ֮¡һ˴٣䶯ε˯˶֪
л£պỌ̈̄ƽִ˿ţ˶ܰҵһЧ˵Σٲź˰ɣ
ǿһŬҲҺƽ˾һݵؽ
Ұƣپһ
ѽ̫ˣ

˶λ֮ϣƱյｻõ˼㡣
컹ǵзǱ˼ҵľӪƫƫڰ硣Ϊ˵ˣ뵽λΪϯΨһ㡣
ᣬȰо治
Ǹµ˾ʦ˾ҲǺȪλͷΪףһĻڣڱ֧ǵĹںˣȴϥشӵԡ
һëԼܹ⣬ȡԵջ
ǰȪʿĻɹȥ٣ƽ֚쵼
ڣˡƽִ˿ţ˶ܰҵ˵˳Ȫ¼ȡ˼ߵĸ˳ֵ
Ȫ˴̲Уձ鸻ԣûǮֵû˼úþӪġ
Ȼ׵ؾ롰ɺ϶ǻĻʣ޼һˡֻʱԶִˣҪǿʵպܰеĳ⣬õΪĻΪ𹫼˽
պĸʵ֮󣬻᲻Чң
ȪǣҲԴ˺⡣
Ͼɽˮųأغв׼ǣǺܻܰϧġ˾ʦ˾ͬ¶ݡ˷Ŵ⣬軧ҵСϱŮǰѺ֣˴սӡ
ֻҪϣǾ󡣾ϣֻҪЩƵʻЩҲԸƲ֡
Ļɳͷʵ̫ˣȻһҪûôҵ
ǶۻĲȫͨŴԾձѣͽǡԸ׵ȵȺϷõģȻΪǷãôأ
ҪƲƵģԲۣӶԿĻ
ӺصӶǹ󣬵һǮһֻѽοǮҪ̯ģʱл¡
ƽ֚˰͹һοʽҲ˺ܴء
ӺӶθڡ

ӼأĬĬڽǶȴںȾƣ˵˵ıݲмһˡ
ӺڵĺӾ͸սϼγϼȲҲмڶ
滰ٻҪ˵˵ģǮӶ͵ְҵûҪ̨Ǯ˭ǶҪ
˵Ҳۼ⣬ƼһλĴǰкλؾĺܣ̫ˣ
ǱˡعӦһܣ˵Ļִ£ҡ
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Ψ˱ֵʮУǰ벽͵۹һ¶ԷΣпҰ֪Ӻصľϣʮľֻ˶ڶѣۼ£ǿɼϸµżҡ
ⷬΪ˹άӺصľҵ޼ģľ¸ԲΧ࣬żҷǿӲֻСܣߵս¡
׽Ļˡľϡ֣ɫһ䣬ǷЦȲľңȥƽһ⣬ԵʣڿƲˡ
⻰һȫûӡ
ʱƽ֚ĹǧٹӶǧӺڣд󲿷ľŵҲһЩƽ֚ͦ⣬Ǵǧᣬ൱ʹİٹСѡŵ뷨СҲӦðͷ֣ʱľľ࣬׸ֻԷֳڶİٹᡣ
һɽݶľűìܲ٣ôһǲ㷴ĿɳˡȪڹľԣ㲻ԸָĻϹϵ鷳¡ƫƫҪԣŵľӣ˹Ӷ
ƣ壿ֻܺǺһЦǿתƻ⣬ѡ
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컹ģȴƣƴѽ
Ȼˣ̸ͨͨôؿ˵һɼζأ˻᲻찡ôܰ
˴۶СۣʱͻȻ洫һ¡¡ϸһҲףο
ȻͿһȫװӡżƵʿҴҵܽʣ³ƿſذ򣬸磡ղǹǱαװ̶ӵĵϮˣԷݣܴͦģһǧԼ٣
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ŭһ񵯻һԾ𣬵㣡粽ȥ
ʣµļλһγѣϽԴװ£ҳһࡣ
Ȼ˵ױŵֻ˵еϮ
ֹƬ̣ڵɮҲ׷¹ڲܹͨϢ廨ˣе˵ǧϮе˵ǧаǧһġƿüҵļƣ˵Ǳصң˵Ļݳˣֻл֮Ƶġ֮ܶ鶼㲻ֿ֯ˡ
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˰֮˾ʦ˾Ҳ˼롱̾ż·͵Ϯĵ˽ӶӱǶԸ
ҿɶղȺĪǰϮĵˣպյӺżҳǡܴͦġȻ߲ţȪܾ¡
˵ǶԴͦɥģ˴˼һ˽ȫȲӺżңȺȪڵľҷǿ̫ˡ
Ҳ׷ʱۣҪǸϽŪԭίúúõģô·ɱ֪ʲôأ
Ϊʲôأ
һΣ˶Դشͻ¼õһϲ໥ص˫صϲãִ˸ϲãӦѾõλһҸʱ⡭ȻΪʲôأ
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˾ʦ˾ѾҪſڵϹͶȴߴƽּҵţϥֱһ㡣
ƶɮƽ񡭡ѣ֪¡Ϻ˾ʦ뱣ַǣܵ˵
˾ֱ˵ˣ˫ִ󺰵ƽ˰ںȪ߹뿴ڹһԼԮ֣
תͷȥ˫װʶˣҲˡ
ӵƽּҳǸӢĺӣŰм˾Ļһ㶣ϵɫƽּҳɽһᣬ߿˴ˣ˾ʦ˾
Ŵԣ԰ȴҲòվʩˣǰȪټִ;ʿͻϮӶˡǰɽڵԻػ
ɽһæ°ݣʧˣƴ˻԰꣬˱ƽ֮ǰѸλϮģˡλˡ
ңлƽ֡
ʰ顣û˵꣬˾վֻʷʣ
Ǹɽɽ
ɽһᡣ
ɽһϸֳζֲʧò΢Ц
ԶԶԶԣɽڵҵӦǰδܱ֤ȫ˾ԴǿУȻԼǳ䰮
ɽһ΢Щԥ˵һ̬б䣬ȪΨнԱ֤ȫ
ûû˾ϲɫҿжƥÿԿǰ
ʱԶںͺɱƺָЩ˾һףҲͬ⣬ʹһƥյƥ
ɽһεЦ˳ˮȻˡ²˳٣λһɣ
Ҳɫ仯һ̾
ּȴ־һľǺܷḻ


ʮ ˼üһɫ
αȥ֪ͨڶӰƵʽһ齻ҪǹܹȣһҪǼʱ
ưɣĳǹӶȥǰԱϢעҪάͣסߣüͻúڵڻ
һʿϲСɽƵȥзѾˣţҪٶ͹
ƽΣʮʮᣬԮ־䣬ԷͼһĻΨһǿϮ·ˣ
üʢվľïܵС֮ϣֳŵͲԶ۲ս֣ͬʱž䣬ָҳǴԤӸԳ
ΪȽƵġ֮ü䡱ԼսµָųֵġɲҪʤҲҪܣüĺս֮
ⲢζͲʤĵ෴鱨׼ȷϵСĳ£üʢȲɭɳɸϲùֶֻʽͻȻڷɣսʷϣʽͻתսֵҲȱ
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ȪڵӱǺһûս˴룻Ļִ˵ױҲûõȥֻʮʬ壬ʿɢΨӺعӶֵ൱ͦѸչֿͬüȷ澫Ѫɣ൱
Ӻڣȷʵ鴫ǹѾܣӶڷսһȻΪְҵ̫ߣɱ۾ͣ
Ҳ͵ΪֹˡڳɢӺڵͳױ¶鱨֪ӺڱޣڶʱڷֱסοüʢʮֽɳԮǿΨһıڣյʤȻ
죬üʢֳ־䣬ʩ緢־
ı󶨣Ǵ󽫸鰡ʤҡɭɳѾָӳǧˣȴǰΪʵ̫ûˣ
أҪԵһɫٳ
һṩ֣һṩŪšƽȡΪͷֲֵǮ
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⻰ûֱ˵˵ڡ
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⻰˵òףüʢˡ
ü䲢ϣϣȡ²ˣʱ̸еĳ͸ˣϾԭԱְҵŵıְܡ
˾ʦ˾һȷʵɵѾݺݵһεˣӦóͻһֱ˵š
üʢжƣȴ˿ԣֻװϬһЦ׻ԼʮĶӣ
٣ʣµ£׷ݵѾ൳Ҫµ˾УԼ˾ˣҪģǹעĻִ£˴˵䣡
һ䣬㿴һڼ׵ʿݳɬȴţȻվñֱϸһüʢĵճӣ귽ʮ꣬Ԫδõü١꣩
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ֻҪ˳ΪܿڵˣôһɫٳΪΨһһǰߵĻ¢һϸڵĽȨ
κֻҪ¢˾ͺüʢ˱һУȱ֡ʹüʲôӣʲôժӣҲҪĻ򽻵ġ
ʵü丸ѾǰˣûҪ׽ϳһɫٳõļ룬˫ҲǲܻΪѵġ
˫˼ȴֳΪƵЦ


ʮ ü
üڽԼλã岻ԥѾ
丸ָܼһٰʮ׷ɢݵġΪɵõĹ͡϶ԷȻҲõӵĽӦܵٶʵڲ
ǱͻϮҰܣȴά˽Ķ飬ʿӲδңɵس룬һϲбµı֡
ӱޣ׷ʮ֮ңȻûϣüؿĿ˽ңɳȥӵĳƿƽּҵļơ
ǡǡƽ֡֯Ȩڲ൱еĴڣò¡
Ұ⣬ʲô۵ˣɱҲɱˣֻ˵ǹۡɣƾ޾ݵ˭ҲҲʲôʵ
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Ȼô޹ۻȥʲġ
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üٸԼԼˡȡø͹۵ĿԼĶӡѵģһ͹۵ĿԼˡ
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˼Ƭ֮üҧҧһ˦ޣָŽķȥľ㼪棡ҪЭ׽˷
һ仰û˵ɲɣҪΪ̬ٻصϵ˳ǣ

ʲôҪ׷ˣȪҵףٴ˷糾ʹĵؼ٣ľģ˵ȷܵˡҪδЩǿѽ
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һµͨеİ빹ܹӭλСүΪԷǾͷĶӣһӡ
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ΨһĹƽ֚ġӡ˰͡Ļᡱȷʵǻݵ飬ʾų֮ϡ
˵üʢĶǰݷãΪҲҪ˽©˰죬Ѿ˾ܾ׼
û뵽ԷҪȻǽȥ׷顰ӷ
͸ͬˡ
ҵУҪľǰȫʹİȫҲҪϾðȫȫװʿֵüɹԺ⻹ô
üҲɵӣ֪ľ㼪ְڣȰ˵Ǽа˵ĳ˽̶ֳȵĶ飬ôѲ飬ֻҪʵذþܲ嶯ˣڸŽİ
ۿľ㼪Ȼԥֲ˵ҵĲֻƽּҵļƣ֪ðأƽ³˺Ⱥ֮¹غ֯ҵľ´ѵŪ𣿡
غƽ֚㣬ľ㼪͸ͷˡ
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֯ҵ˶֪ľ㼪һȫȫֻųһ˵ĴԸ϶ǼȲʸҲ̬ȡ
Ŀǰ˵˾ʦ˾ǹϵѾԣǱѾٳ֡ڹٷھת֮ǰƽ֚Ҳֻ͵͵̻ǡ
ľ㼪һǾðűųɵķգƽ֚㡰ͬۡġ


ʮ ٻɽһ
ľ㼪üؽϾѣ½֮󣬱Ҵȥûаżҳֻͣи˲ˮĴʹѾź򡣣ȻҲûʲôڵ̨ˣ
üȻҲû˼ƽڡСĹͷȵĽֻܲϵغȲ衣һȥϵͼȴһ㶼ûɢƣŮŵùǺ
Ƭ̣һˮͺ˾⡣ЩţҪբй飬ȴӰζϽָֻΣơ
ϸһԭľ㼪۷󻹸һ˺һˣŻһ
СµЧͦߣôҵʿ
ü̲סҪڣȴľ㼪ס
ľ㼪ɫҽһ£λ֯ҵüٴˣǡ֮ü䡯֮ӣλǡܵݡʿٴ׷ĳӣڡܵݡеġ
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һ䣬ҲȻӦܿһ첽뿪
ˣ»صԭ֮һҸᵽЭüľ⡣ľ㼪ĴСүû⣬Ͼô춼ֱ˴
ߺҲͬʱ⣺лľ´ˡ
ۿľ㼪Ųȥüٱصֱ⣺λȻǽͷô¾˲˵ˡʱ֮ǰ׷źȪѾļͷĿһ·ľ㼪˵Ѿĳӣڶλڵġܵݡһ㣬ǷܸһŷĽأ
չֳüٲûϸȥϸ΢ʼĩֻΪʵֶλǿӲ̬ȶԷ
Ͼֻ˶ѣôǮѵ浶ǹʿԿνġܵݡҲûʲô˲ΨһֵþĻ֣·ѹȴ޴ڵƽ֚㰡
λʮСү˼ġ
Ȼͱ˵Դǣ˷һһٺҡ⣬δջ
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üٵĻͬǰ̣ԡó֯ҡĻƤǿǰжԹһ־档
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Ϊ֯ҵжԹˣȷʵкصġʷ⡱ųˣŵƨˡüʢԹҲҵ˵ӲֻüʢĶӶѡ
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δأסǹġΪǡɽһᡱʿƵһ𣬾ƽ˵̫ǷģҿҲûӷɡ˵ˣҲ
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ɽһ֮ⷬԸΪҪ
ϣüʢƽ֚㶼֯ҵسλ¡ʵϣĻȨԶ
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֯ڲüʢڴϻ岻죬ֻϸųִСƽ֚㣬мˣЩ붼ᱻɡ
֪Էں˵˵ҪڶĻȷʵһùƽ֡
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üٻɽһᣬоøһջ
ת˲֮䣬˼ת£ͻĴ㣬ְһϡǱǽľ㼪һΪ޹صĵųţֺͿ˾𵽺ܹؼá
ܲ취Ӱľ㼪أ
㲻ƫüңҲҪ̬ȣƽּҡѲءѾͷ鱨ȥ
֮üپֻϽ뿪ȥչļƻ
ճμ˼·ʱӦ˵ĳ滰мƽϡüŭδƢԳ嶯Ҳ˲ˡ
ңǰȶ˲ˮ뿪բйˣȴһֱôʱ䡭
üղغһҪȥ
ɽһЦŲ
Ĭõĳƽȴе㼱ˡ
λ˲֪üѾ⣬¶ԷҪǿڽѲ飬ʶվǰ
ողѣ˾ʦ˾ǰظʾܻסǰȫܽôĴ
üˣ԰ꡭΪһʸ̣ƽԾѾȽϿˡ
ü涼ѾȥɲҪʪˣȻκλˡмֱѵſڵͷƿ
ȴûǳƽñһƣ´򻬣Եˤڵذϣ̱εȥʡ¡
ۣϰ壡ɽһæǰֽ̿ŵ̬۽ȴһ˿Ƶľϲ֮ɫ


ʮ ɷ羰
Ԫ꣬³ߣŨ᪸ǣգݳݺɡ
ںȪýţɿʱ֯ҵĴӪ棬ȴһƬ͵ա
ųɹ֮󣬲δеܵȥֻ˼ҳؽܡȴȻ᪸ǣֻбʱ򣬲ŻȥεһȦʾ⡣
ڲ֯ҵĹģȻǷ⽻档
һʱųضǲʮʹߡߴȥĴȥԽɼȥģϲƵżд˰֮ʣ߾ȫҪ֤ߵĺƽ
һУ϶Ϊ˼ϲѣǹʾΪȡʱ䡣
ɼǫˣȻҲڱֶξɱסųšϵһʱһʱĴ㣬ֲи̬
ת䣬ҲʹüҳȨλҪԳӦ仯
ϳ꣬ϴʱڱΪͷϣó¹ﱸ鹤ھʵɾͣڹŨԼ֮ʱû쵽ʲô𽥱Եһسļӣʵֻ൱ܹܡ
ֱһ꣬ųעתƵضֻãΪ֯ҵĴĴߡ
ִΪ飬꣬ʵɶ¶Ĳ⽻ʺĲܷˡ
ɼļҳһСǵĹ⣬̸ʱʲôìܶˣϸʵû漰κʵ⡣£֯ҴҲǽһˡ
ŬյҲһѣ˴ϼ쳹زطá³쵽᪸ǣܵų¡ؽӼ
Ѿ˺ܳʱ䣬ξûϯǿԻؼϢˡ
ǣȴƫƫգݵſڣüؽȻհǰ˺󣬳ƺҪͨʲôϢȴЩԥ
̬Ȼǵע⣬ϱ
Ƭ֮ųĲݳҴ߳ǰ
أˣʲô𣿡
Ȩ䲻λȴߵϣݳĳνԵúܿȴʵζ֮ǡûҪĻͱų
⵹ΪǰʲôìܣҲǶӣΪʢųŵݳµķһôԡ
һ潲ҲΪֲԸ񣬲һֱܵųӣٳ費˥
굱ȻҲŭǰѾʱ䣬֪˽ݳִڣŶġ
ʱʣ΢΢̾Ϣһ£ݵ˵ϷȷǸոյõһϢϱĿһ·ߵǰ棬ʱڽӼҵʹߣͲ֪òýȥˡ
ݳŴԣΪ̷֯Ҽʮˣѵֲػʲô̶ȵϢ뼰ʱ㱨ʲô̶ȵϢӺϼһѵжϲ
һˣݳ㲻̫ÿ׷ʵ֪ǻʲôϢأ
ԥ£ʵǽ顭Ҳû̫ӣֻüҵĶӣͬܵݡĺ̷һЩڽִ˴򶷡
ݳ̴ʧɫ֪ųͷ⣬ΣǷԱ
üص˵ͷż˵üʧƵܵݵϰƽãºˤʹȥյŵʱĳ˵ʮʱҲ֪ѹˣǡ
һ䣬ݳϸ룬ɫڵشˣ͸·±һʱ棡
Ǿ鷳ˣڿҲֻС
껹뺮䣬ݳѾʧȥģûȻ˵ơ

˳̨ȥٽͥԺ͹ͣһҵſڡ͸ڵ飬Կɾֲᣬ֯ųһ࣬һɹʹߣɽѡ
ûüкȴųɤ
ɺݾŷ˺£
ԭųĿ
ݳŽݣڵأӦǳ£Ϊش˸ոյĽϢ͹Ŀ
ĲĿɽһۣʾųӦǰ¡
ȻŻĿųʱ·ȫûʾֻŲü
ɽｲ
Ȼȫûж˵˼
ݳòףȴҲ
õ˽һݣ˵ϷյģԽϢ
֣Ȼзһ˵עɾеĲҲͣ
ûн˵ʾ
ųȴںƵģɫس˵
ǣǣȻȷˣ㲻ٱһ˵ҵü٣ǰܵݵĺ̳ƽòڽǣʧֽƵԣĿǰҲ֪Ρ
˻һųɫʱ
ݳ꣬Ƿڵϲ̧ͷ
ɾгƬ֮󣬼רעĲߣɫҲȻࡣ
Ψ²ؼɽѣǺЦڵļ̵ȷʮֿɶ¿Ӧʩһѵǡ
⻰ǰǻʵȴǷ֯㣬޷ѹסȺ塣
ųϸ֡
ɽѲԹɫҲøʿɶֹûмǺʶʱ֧˵Ȼ֯ҪۣᵽΪֹɣǰͷϢ
˵꣬ȥ
ųҲͬʱվһ¡
ɽѾʹ˳
ŲԶȥ֮ųһ̬ûطʣüСӣִ
æ˵ȪڵġҡЩϵüյĻԮɱַȡʤչ׷ܵȴ̻Ѿԣ˫ִ
ųһűĿ˼Ƭ̣ȻзЦߺߣȻȪйأ飬δżȻʧְ
꣬ɾҲ׹ͷͻȻͣסȴֻȻɫֻ̬һʲôû˵ڡ
ݳȻŵȴָʾ
ֻųһˣչ˼
֮ųͻȻһЦץһ꣬ŭһ֪ҵʹһƷĳϣƫƫڴʱֳͨţǴɷ羰
أȻɪɪݳҲȫûΪ˼
ȻųȻִЦָ˵Ȼɷ羰ȴڱ֮¡ƥʲôʱƽֺ͵ˣ
귽ű֮ʱȻµ׼ģȻ±ȴ׻
ֻǸƽ֚pyףһӺüʢˣΪʲôͻȻͱ佱ˣǵʹߵ棬֯ҵ
ûףȴֿųŭغڱףü丸ȴʵڵ죡ţݳ㼴̳֪ͨǸ˻᪸˼


ʮ ʵŵı
ͷ
ں֮У·ݱǵƽ֚㣬ڵ֪üʢʾȪ֮˳ˮ۵ظı˲ԣؽܵճ̽һӡ
ڴڼ䣬ȻǼ̨ڳﾲѻᡣ
͸֮ǰĹ˵һìܡ
ʱǧʿ䣬Ҳֻܸܴ󽫵ĲפݱǵĸոһյĲϿӪɡ
ֱ챾ӦӱǺܵġƽ֚սѹһз׵ֽҲܶס󲿷˵졣
Ծӵʿȶ
ڼҳǵ뷨͸õˡ²ʿ޲Ųߵƽة˱äĿģ߲Ĳͷжְܾ߱ҵʣʲô뷨Ҳչʾ
Ҳ˳ơ顱ȺûûεĶǣȺڲΥ£ԾӵòҲһõġ
ˣȻǱƽ֚Ϊııš
ʮˡ

ƽ֚鷿ؿżⲻôҪţ㿴׵ıű飬ȴһӣ˫ĿѹûڰϣʱʱԴ˼״
˲ָۣ㽭ɽ֮⣬ŵıְӱʣҪ빣ָʾдִȥ»мְ˵ʵڲѣҲᳵ·ɡ
ƽ֚һ֮⣬ۼԼġϯҡ״̬վסü䷢ˣ־ɣŵͨƣһѾˣƵļҲʹùΣΪʲôƫƫôأüȣҪԸ˿ɳƲ
أһæ°һ£ڳơҡ漴ĬƬ̣˵ΪȥȪ飬ȻҲƻܣʵȥʱ򣬿ֲܳĵطʵ̫ˡʵڲǡ
ƽ֚ŴԣľΪȻ±仯Ī⣬һʧļأֻҪ߷ֵĳɹգ͸õϡѵ㻹᲻𣿡
Դ˱ֻҡͷЦ°ݵǣ๡Ȼ򡪡ͬ߷ְյļԣкﳤ״ˣҳͨؾͲƫдһϴҲܰ߷ְŷֻ֡ǡ
˵λʱһֱӣ̬Ϊе˼ȴƽ֚֮
ҲǱӪġ趨һıֱɶǿ¾ûжٴˡ
ȥȪִС񡱣ɵǻߵɽһᣬκһѵõ֤ľɳ
û뵽Ȼ𱾶ŵĵǡ
ƽ֚һЦҡͷõ񲢲ѣֻҪʱѵ͵ɣηչдӦ֮ġдȥĿľ̫ˣߵľպҪҲ鷳οɽһһʱЩ·Ҳϲأ
˵ȻԼּˣȴҲܱ¶ˡ
Դڶԡԡƫ
ͬҪü˵ĳͻŵ˼·ǲȡܵж¶ˣ˫Ϊݵ״̬ƽ֚ھ˫ǱڵìܿԣȻԷŴ
һǡСһǡ˳ˮۡ
ʱȻһŶҴŶ̴װİСʿͨͳſڣڰȪǱߴϢ
ϸһ˲ĿͷС̫㰲
ƽ֚΢΢˵ͷʾⲻرܣ˵ɡ
㰲õָ첽˽Զʱ򣬷ſڣɽһᰴƻˡ˾ʦ˾˴üʢ֮ʾ׷ܵݡϰƽͼЭȴüٷͻɱ
̶̼仰ȴƽؾס
ܵݵĳƽãǿɲһˣһʱǽ֮ڲǰĴУ֯ʱȻܵһЩѹȻ൱ʵ
˵ȥȻĵ
Ƭ֮ƽ֚̾һЦüǻȮӣ
¿ƼΪأֶ֯Σȴܱʧڶƽּңǰ޺
Ȼƽ֚Цҡҡͷаȴδ޺
˵һ룬ƺʲôɫ㰲ѯʵɽһʲô
һʣùڼ࣬ȱǰԺ֯ųķ緶
㰲ˣѯʣɽһڳƽõǷ񶯹ֽš𵽣ƽǰü֮ʱɽһΨһͬߡ·ֳۼʮԣ˿üٴҴҴӷɫꡣʶˣļڣΪüʧɱˡ
ⷬش𣬻ûϸжϣʵƽ֚Դ˱ʾ⣬΢ͷ׷ʣ֡ںδ
뿪֮üٰݷ˽ľ㼪һʱ䣬Ƭ֮ʹ뿪ʱ˶δӦ
šƽ֚˼Ƭ̣С̫㰲ͨƣˣҪ鷳һˣ̳ȥ᪸ǣҵɾУɽһһһʮ֪ίתˣ֯ų
ǣ㰲ƣ֮ɫָʾ֮󣬷һ񣬸ɾߡ
꣬ŹάհԶĪɽһˣȻ˾ϲ
˵ûƽ֚ͷµĹżȻɷ֡żȻΪξͲڱͷأǼһһϸ΢ĩ֮ЧŬȥ֮ǰҵķԸǡһҪ֤ӵɱ¡û뵽ֳôӡ
ǡҲ䵽ɽһζǴˣۼ²µһ롣ȷʵĳ츳
أһž
ƽ֚˿ޱִŵĹģη;ļȴ֮¡ϸ룬Щ˿־尡
űʾͬǻۣҲΪɽһˣȻһѺõУɸ̫Ρ
ޣƽ֚߷ζЦݣ̧ͷ´һϷʵ˵ɽһ᲻ţǱأ
̽ζл⣬΢΢һ㶣ֱӣԲѵػش˵ҳϿ֮ˣб֮⡣

ƽ֚̿Ц̶ݣɫ˵˻Լ˵ʵԵûʲô˵
˵ͬʱƽֱ֚ȥ˵߽һ˲
ƺκθ֣Ŷͷͱ˲ðȴûңæ°ݣ˵Ҫ˵ƽּҵ֮ģȷʵȵλϳȴһб֮⡣
𣿴Ժν⣿
ΪѾƽ̷ּ꣬ʱԽԽĿ¡£Ҳ벻˭ΪĶ֡ԣʵǲκκ˼롣
ϣʵʵſڵϣһҲҶ
״ƽ̲֚סһЦ˸ں˵ϷԾͰˣ⻰˵£ӢĵȻֻеˣ֯ųɲҪǴˡ
˵֮ƽ֚һ̬֮ƾҪš
Ѿ罬ںҧҧԥڿڣɬ˵ǰաʯɽԸµʹ˴˵ء


ʮһ 壨ϣ
֯ųһУЧʡü丸ӸŪԭίûýڣӭݳλղֻܹԹԸŨȥ⡱µ̫׺ضʱչ֯ҵķ
ĴʩδΪȶ˵ͽųҪһϳԪס̬
ͬʱľ㼪Ҳյָͨڡͷھټ̣Żݺŵ
һĸӰ죬õ˿ƣû̫ѡ
һ棬߳ƽǰüҹȲѲŽ֯һҲųһء
ӵеġܵݡĳɰĹɷݣӹϷּ̳С϶֯һźǶլԺԶһ˴ֲۿǲΪˡ
Ϊ֮һƽ֚ĶҲָɷ㰲ҹ̸ϵ᪸ǣɾе·ųϴûа
ֻԣ꣬üȨưˣŪıɱ̡Ĵ󰸣ȷʵδġ
̬ãʱǡƽ֚ͷˣֻų微ʤʣһţݺһ
ôһȪľ棬Ե൱ˡ
ϵĹߣĻίεػ٣ڰɪɪֻԱľ澰ͷβң˲ʧеıԭͲ˸ɸɾ
ڵġѾѾü仨ˮӺӶҲ˻ؼˡü丸ӱ᪸ǰѵȻҲʰս档
˱ëԼҪиİ취⡣иİ취ٲȻѾƲˣ˻һΪɥ֮ȮǺ˵ĵˡ
һɫٳΪ˴̨ƴ˵üʢһȡóЧüұ֮ʲôҲˡ
ĸûʲô֣ʵҲռŵ£͸ܲˡ
ǣ֮֯䣬Ȩ򣬱ʱԳΪˡܡش
Ļûأٵü룬ֻһµʱ䣬ǰ仯ȻڴԶҲԵؾһѺ
£ųڿʼжǲʹߣƽ֚ʱȪʱάΰβټҪ塣
»ӵΪ㣬㼸µʱڣ֯ųλʦˡȻˡóڣҲ˿뾩ϵ
ÿε壬ջ񣬲ͽ޹
֯ҵжƽ֚һˮǴߡ
һ壬Ĵ󽫾λãƽ֚ͱǲɽرǧ
ڶ壬ǺսϮ֮ƽ֚Ϊ֮ԭ򡱣˺Ȫػ
壬ԪԪ磬Ǵƽ֚ɹȰ˵ǳĥھٰڱԼҵġĻᡱҵĸ
Ĵ壬Ĺ֮󣬵ʱƽ֚࿭飬áλةĹλԼ·ػְۣΪںľͷҲ˺Ȫػ̡
֮Ӧģ֯ҳҲȮ족ˣƽ֚֮󣬵㡢ʤҡüʢһ˵ĹϽΧӽʮʯȻʱǴܣֻûʽȷ͵ʱѾռʯˣ
֪йģǸֶֻˡ
ƽּҵĺﳤףΪһ㳼Ҳõһǧ߰ʯٺ»Ҫһ棬ѾǼϼĴˡ
ЩոûõСֻҪǰûüҡͬۡٶܳԵһиʣ
ڼ䣬ѵĸܾͱȽϸˡ
֯ҵĲţĻţ͹ĻȨѱ˵ķҲһЩ
Ȼ򣬷֯ԽԽ󣬶ĻѹҲ𽥼ǿҵĶ֮·ԽԽãˡ
ʱѻ̲סų⣬عȴֻ뷨
ΪųȻԵȴ㽲أֱõϴ֮ǿܶࡣ
һڻţĻĸ󻼣һһˣκܳΪĻ
˼ȥõİ취ųȻӰ֯Ը²ɣ
֮ܶһĿԴ֪֯ĵ壬ֱ仯


ʮ 壨У
֮ųĴﾩͬʱƽּѾǧʿӵ·ϿȪս
Ҳ֪֯壬ʲôжҪĻϣܱȷ汸ӡ
ɽһϣŰǰĴ·˼ĲɣעƮ֪ȥˡ
ƽ֚Ѿȥˣ󲿷ּҳںȪɽһΪжĽϰڣϵż໤͵ְ𣬵ӣȻûһ¡
ˣԵСгȤû뵽ƽּҵһɽһȻҲֵʱ͵
Сгˣ֮ңΪۣѹˣϴˣͬŵ飬ǵһˡ
ʶɽһԲŭҲԸڿڳ䣬Ƿ༥ǵȻҿɱȲСгˡųжȣշ磬ݽϣ˭ء
˵⻰Ƿ̶Էϲ͵ˣŪСӱܼ๤ϰߡ
ΪһͳŵڡˣɽһվڱĶˣֱܹ׳سЦСг̼֡о
ǾͶл佱ˣСгΪܣΪ٣˵ҵĶǶԶǳĹҽֻҪݷһ磬Һ壬̸ͿԹϢˣҪĳһɵվš
һɽһûصһۣҭ˵漴һЦŷҺǵãСΪԸˣһ뵱ʿƽּëԼİɣ飬һЩʡ񡢹̵ĹƺҲûʲôءҼǵʿҲ˰ɣ֪ն¹˵׼أ
˻һСгƿԣתҲûʴȤˡȻҲƽ֚ϹսǸо̣ûнѪ̡һҪʿͷصġ־ꡱ˵ȷʵǸϵ۵㡣
Ʋֵظ֯壬˵ҪַּңҶҪ׻ӵɱˡ
δ䣬ǳ⣺
Сԣ
Ǵͥڰҵгˣ
ѭȥȴܥβľ㳤߹ˡ
˵ڳɽڡСܥβľ⼸ˣȻв죬ƽּЧԭҲְͬܶλǴɲʱһ໥䶼ͣЩ֮ͬġ
˵ԸͬɽһĹ裬׷Сгâ¶Ŀӣһһ᲻ʡġ
ܥβľ㳤ǹϺദˣǰ߱լʺõɮĴګֱʺߡ
ʶСгʲô˵ҪַּҡĻ˶̲סֹ
ֻܥβֹǣĿǰΪֹּȻһӵѣǵˡ
ľ㳤˵ȴǣҪıҲ֯ƽĵ飬ҵСͲҪԽ޴
Ȱ֮СгҲӦղǻ˵Ĳ̫ʣæͷǸȻ״ﲢСѵǿһ֯Ҫʰľǳּ𣿡
ľ㳤εһּ̾ҿûеǰûг͢Ļ﹥أ
ԴСгǲΪȻ˵˵ƵıʲôҲû֯ôҲûг͢Ļ𣿳ּռԽǰͶغĸ֮أȴ˼ȡͻĵ
ܥβ˼һ˹˵δأҿڲ׶ʱáǡȻܣ൳δ塣ڶ˺壬֯Ҿʲô뷨Ҳ˵֮£ٿսˣ²ס
СгҡҡͷһΪȻ飬˵ҿܥβˣ̫ˡǼҵ൳ֻǴȫǣڸҺ壬ûıߴдҲֻһɢɳѡһҪ˵ڵҲֻʯɽԸЩٺаˡ
ᵽ˸ԳĬɫ졣
ʯɽԸµһǸл⣬˺֮ǣ˾
ղСг֮ΪٺСȻûκص˼ҲƨɾԴһ˵Ķӣھֿ϶ʲôøС
ó׹ģʯɽǿˡǽ˱յǿҪǿ߶ġѡܱ֤ȫʯɽаͽܣҪκͷ
ܥβ̾˿˫ֺʮĿʥ˴һڣǻն֮ģԿͳɵĸ䡣ҲȷʵһڵĴ£ɽӵƶ֪𷨡û뵽գʥ˵ĺȴΪǿɮʵź
ɫ㲻ͽҲһڵͬߡ
⻰СгΪ֮¶ɫľ㳤æ˵ڸɵʥˣȻǵ¸أǷױܱĵġȻվҵȵΨЧһͳ£ΨһպսˣؽټͣҲǰȳƹ𣿡
ⷬ˵㵽ܥβС˶ͷǡ
ϣĬõɽһȴͻȻ͵̧ͷɫյؿ˵Ҹղһֱ룬պʯɽô졣Ҳ֪ʯɽǽ̣㣬к·϶ʮּѵġϧôãҲûʲô׵İ취֪Һʱƽ㣬Ž湦أ
˾Ŀɿڴ
һǡ
˵רһأǹѬأ
ʱͻȻһԶӶ
תȥδüֱ棬˺˵˴Ӿˣ
ٶϸȷʵһʮԱʿɵӣƽּҵģŰǶΪһǺﳤס
æһ빪ƽּҵıͷҳʩ
λͬŲض񡣡ǱߺﳤңңҲʮֿߵǰ°΢΢Ƿһ񣬽̧ͷ˵Ȼλ֣ǰæˣƽ֪֮ͨӵ˴ᣬƥءֻһǧںȪأ߶Ҫǰϴ

һ빪
漴ɽһѯʵˣˡ״ˣ˼ңǷ͸¶Ŀأ
΢΢һЦűƵؿڣƺ㱣ܡȻֻɽ곤꣬ڡ˼ҡĳνʮ⡣
ǻû˵꣬ȴֻСг˷ܵشչϵҪַԽǰ𣿻ǹʯɽԸ£
Ժﳤһ㶣΢΢üһ˿ת˲ŵĲɫӣЦػӦ˵ˣδǣʮ׽عǲе⡣֯ҵľ֮⣬ڸҺҲһ
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ȻһѾڰ֣žΨһ͸Ķƽ֚ҲΨһʶΣյˡ


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ƽ֚֯ųδʯɽԸµۡ
ԷһͨȻͬ֯һ˵һ֯˵һҪһ󣬽ƾıԶԶġ
⻹Ǽǰġعԡ档
ڼҳǰųĲģ򵥽˼֮󣬱ĴСսнһ顱
ʱһλĻ꣬ڼͯĴӵ֮£̤롣
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δԪӹھͲˣʽٷϣƽ֚֮ǰҲˡѾʱ˺ü꣬ǰڵòˡ
Ϊһɼ̳֯ƵŮζФųֻʸƽͣЩֹ󷽣ˮųδڣӢ֮ʮ㣬˿ûгֵ֮֮С
һԱ֮Ǹ̳˵ģӡ۵һӡ󣬴űԼҵǧӿס
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ҵޡ˵ΪɳĲǡ
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ղŵĳν⣬ѣײ֯Ϊ֮Ļ⺢ӿɵǴ
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ôһ䡰øȴǡô˹ϵ˫ࡣ
ųź΢΢һЦͷȥ۾Զ˵ƽѧϰǺȷģպϵһҪƽֵжϣɱΪΪˣǴ˻⣬ҲҪһܷ
ʮ⣬˵ȴʮûаͰ˼档
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ʵֻų˵ô߶ķϻƼӵĹػ֮ġ
Ҫ֪ħ˶ͨҳһ䡰źߡߡȥɡʹˣһʮֵģŻسˡ
Դƽ֚Ψмڳơңң
֯ʵʵطظһϧƽ̵Ĵûᡣ
ɲҪֻͣϡųԸ裬սܸø
ǣħ̳ӦתӣԱߵͯȡ׼õĵͼչƵ˶ܿλá
ֹǰһ㶼ǽݳܥ˵ģûò֣ҪһĲžߡ
ĶԼĶӻ˽Ҫ
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˵һ٣˿żܣ
عܳɽ룬ͨ㣬ɹͨеֻ·һǴƹһ־ͨɽ;ɽ֮ƽأعɽ￤˼Ҫսߣݲϸһȡ͹ӿڼҰɽշɽ֮عſҪøһǰĵص㡣һ·ϵĵˣ׵ͲҵĶǧеǰԭҰΪ׵壬Ҫаԭڡڡ֪Żݲȷںδ⡣
ƽ֚㾲꣬軻ʱʵ³㲻⡣һ͡θ˶ѳƳˣǼҾȻܾۼ𳬹һǧıʵ󡣡
һҵΪ󡣡˻ǰǼŵģ󲿷Ƴɳֵ˳ڻڼ׺ءһ̷ǣʵǣ˵Ǽҳ˵ѰˡҲ˽ӴиԶ޷һ¡͡θȻȴյ˵ĻػδܿһҲ൳Ļɡ
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һ潲ǷȱҰ£ȻܸƽɫֱߵõüԮŽУҲܷӦͲȷʵмġȺڻֵͷʵܲÿУҴϷ鿴ɭ֮ɲ⼸˵Կɶء
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˵ò֮һֱĿΪ˯˵ųͻȻ۾ԲɵպΪԪǵõպ󣬽ʱ°У֮˳оһ棩


ʮ ʵս
ųŵ֮ھΪԪʽȡҡ¡ë˵ζĿĸʷйģ̫ǲˣ
ľûʲô˵ģħ˶ֳԵĶƺӲȥƺнӰ뷨ֻûʵ֡ĻήңŻҪһʱ䣬ܴӺȪʧ߳
һЩѳû˴ģǳ̸ֹʲôʵݡϾųһƶַսǵǰص㣬ʱϾˡ
ڶգƽ֚㸨֯ңһĲӣӼ졣
εԱţԵЩ֡
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ˮҲܣΪԲ֮߿ĺҲ
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ŵ㣬ɽѸߣ㣬ˮҰԪʤų
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ŨڵǧҪԡŨڡΪȻ軳ɵϻơ
βڴϵȫֵΡϾǡ֮Щµ˶ҪְˣµĿ֪

϶رѳ޵Ͳ˳һӴһֻóƣս൱һ㡣
ߴ˧ĮɽѸһıΪų÷ȻܱҳɱμܿգϺȾæˡ
ˮҰԪ˳˦ģԲ˵
ҲĳʤǸֱʵˣҲС
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ƽ֚һֿڣͲǴ͹ĺ壬ܳɹȰĻպùڴػ£Ϊѣ಻ʧΪû̸
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˰ݵڵأһǡ


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ƽ֚ѯ൱֮ڵͲ˳Ŀɿڴ֪롣
ɭ֮ɲͲҳŭɶİ𣬲Լͬؽְϡ
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Ͳ˳°ݣض֯˵δŮδĽáи常Ůֻ٤ޡһ𳤴ͬ⡣٤Ҳʮ˳ǲڴ͵ʱ䣬ñ˵õŮأ
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뷢׵ƺоͿᣬԵƣɫίٵ˼㣬ûȵ͸ȥͨ
˰뱲ӵϺ꣬ڵˡ
һ㣬ѾʮȷʵѾ˥õĽ׶Ρ
ҲδؾζΣԱСˣ
һ״̬µıңȻҲͷۣΪ켣չǿԤϵģֻҪ֢ҩиԤܽ为Ӱ콵͡
һ˥ˣֲϵıһأ᲻ΪһЩĪԭһʱ嶯͸˲أ
ŽʷϣвپγصĴܣ֮ʮٱǧȴҲⲻϻĵͼĳЩ˵˵棬ûκβ档
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˳μͲ˳֮⣬˶ѡԶѼˡ
֪Ƿע⵽֯ߵĸۺ¡ͻȻӰȫޣ乤Ρû˵ƽ֚ᡣ
סȻȴʮַḻԴǶԴӱľᵽůķСûǣȴҲֵܷʳ½Ի
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ͬˮûѨһ㣬Сعӿȥ
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մܹѾβˣһ߽ĳ̶ȣ֮ɽ·ҲһĹ۲λá
ƽ֚㲻ΪԼǻľţһЩ׼
ڱṩϢû˴ּάɳ̣ȻòͬɫСӵָʾרŲƥʮӱˡ
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ȷ浾Ҷһηʤϵʱλôݻ
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ǰѵҶͨŵùǺ˶Ŀˣһ߳Ӫʴţ̾սս̻̣罬ˡ
ֱƽ֚͵͵ȥһͷʯ


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ּʯģĹڣǲܱȡůڴǰǺ޵ֿġֻҪڡʸ֣Ծʿͳ壬״塣
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󲿶ٴһΪǧƲпˮҰԪŶǧء
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֯ŴԣǿסθĲʣɫȻص˵ͷ


ڰʮ ѵľϣ
ΪԤƽ֚ڴפ֮ҹ֯ռ𣬽ǧʬ弯Էա
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ʯԣĿ˿ͣӣۣӣȴ̧ͷ֪Ǹʲôһµ飡ʲôһ޹أֻΪ˵һ֪ˣ


ڰʮ ѵľУ
ȲʵԺ͸ʯṩ˴ʵ鱨
֮ƽ֚ܰס·򡣾һ޵ġӰࡱ飬෽ȷϣ½ˡֻ¼ҳѯһǰѳ±ҵĴˡ
֪ǳɽԫһ͵̣丸̳еõعϱ߾СӣƿۺΪİʯܶԱ׳ʮˡſʮҹһһǩ飬ԭǳҰΪ
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⽻ģȴû뵽ԷȰƤ߹ˡ
˼ǡƽǡøģڹ˽޷֮⡣


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ڣŵλʴǵĽԽԽˡһ㻹㱣źߣͲòԽǰڸ
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⣬Խûشˡ
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ȻøĿϣѾȫû˳ǰ緢ǳƣɫҲ³ˣ˶ȰҲҪ׷쵰ΣһҪؼν֪УΪ֯ҲعĶӡҲ˵е
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һңĶĿ˼䡰ɥĲ֮ģ΢ƽ֚ʵʧ̬ˡղŵ˵Ǿ䡮Ӣ˼ҲΪ˵Ͷ÷𣿡
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˵عȻ֮أûʲôٹˣԲ𣿡֯˼ƺͷŭ֮УǹΪ𣬱ڲͬĵطҲȻͬ
ƽ֚һԵĬϡ
ֹһ֯̾ڣȻˣɽԫһ᪸ְ߰ɡҲټˣΪʺؼΣ
նĿԼжϣ˵Ȱ
һɽڣһԲüҡҡͷ
ɼȰ˵֯ҽɽԫعڳ֮һ
뷨ȻҲеġ
ɽԫһڵǣѾ׵ﱾذգվĶ棬ޡҷĿԡͲò֯ҵĴȣѹͬ硣
عôƶ⺷ĵط֯ʵָյʲô˰ҪһЩġαִ
֯ȴԡΪԭɷν¡
Լ㿪ڣȴڴǶıƽ֚㣬·ϣȰ˵߻ء
Ȼ
ƽ֚㲢û˵ԷڴĻ
ʲôû˵
ֻһֱĿ⣬֯Һת˼Ȧ
һ˿״Ц⡣
ֱ֯е㷢ëƽ֚Źʩ񣬻˵
ˡֱԣɽԫСδЩˡ
˼ǡ֯ɻ󲻽⣬ԼЩ
ɱˣԵ֮֯ӳͽ䣬ͻȻˣѴ½°ɡ
֯Խɣ´˰죬ɵô
ǰİһ£ɽԫһ᪸ǡպ󣬱ɵƽּ¼ɡƽ֚㵭Ȼ۶ԸѾֶΣȻĳЩͬţȴҲںް취֮ڣȻȴͷ׮¡
һһ붼ˡ
ȻҪѾ⻹ǸŲߵǽ
ƽ֚㵭سȵĿ⣬º޲
ĻȻ˵˵ģ׼ڵķӦ
ԶھպһԱе֪֮µ֯ų


ڰʮ 񣬼þ
ȡ˰ԭ֮󣬴Ѿռعſİϡ
֯ҡƽ֚ǰһնݳݱԴ̬
͸ﶼԭµգзгֵʱ׼ȡشսĿѾСˡ
Ȼعصɽʱ̡֮һٵ̩⣨ٵ̫Ҳٵصأһǧˡ
ɽǾӸ£һɽ£ͱڣȲʮɣ󲿶Ӹʩչһ򵱹Ī
˳򣬻һҰǣģԴͬǵƼҪҲǧ˰ءݵ˼ǰĵ·
־棬аٰԣҲ֮أСַս֮⣬Ҳûбİ취롣
ǰٵ̫ѾãȺħȻˢӵġʿ࣬ȴǿ׳ηŵƣѴ
֯ҳ챾սһ˶٣ɱʮбȻȥ
ҲûԹǽŻͶ֮սЧ͸ˡǰٵصغųơ̡֮һеȨУǰŪ
ųɹæ϶ӹ֣ƽ֚µʯҲֶβڰٵصǰֻܱסԼӪʲϢͺǿˣȫ
֮ܶѮգ˿ûȡýչֻڴһսϵѾܴӺɱϵˮˡ
Ƴһ·ƾǴŹںĿġ
һ棬ñԽָʤеѶȣҪܣǻǺ׵ġ
û죬Ԥ֮еϢ
һһǧڽعɽ￤ʱ̡֮һֳأҹϮ֣ȫңǱӴܣˡɢǧʿ䡣
ɽԾ¡ľԪ١ﵺһȶ׽ĻĹʧھУзܻ
ǣ˭벻ǣٵ̩ⲻͬڵеġɡ޵ֿսٺ͵ġץһ²ȴ˿ûŰóԺúȵعţͳ
棬ųп˵ǵܱʾϧھ˵벻ֳˣƫ֮صһȻ˵ϧ
յϢʱƽ֚ȫħ˽ҧгݣֱðӡ
ۿҪɹġ赶ɱˡ֮ƣȴ˽ˡܲ
ȥû⣬һСط˿¾ƣֻƨĵӶѡ
㻹û
Ǳ

һ棬ƽ֚ۼعѾΪ̣֯˵Ҿ˴ǰأѾͲңռſ֤֯ϵ񣬼þա
֯ҶԴҲʾͬȻַһص⣺
˵סҾİٵصл񴨴˵ֳţعν̡֮һ֪֮һֱ桮̡ģʣһλ˭ȴ˼ҳѯʡøɷΪҽأ
ƽֲ֚˲ͷϵ亹
ĿѾָòˣȻչ¶԰Եĺ汾ԣҲǺ¡
ҪʵɾˣҺԼй˽⡣
عĹǣУΪҡν̡˵λ߳ƾΪĺ壬˳ơءİٵ̩⣬˳ơءԼ˳ơʯءķ֮⣬˳ֲ֮ةɭﾻƵҲйԵĴ£ϽѷɫЩ̡ڶʮǰʱüҺǼսһ˫ʤ³Ƕš
ƽ֚͵Լ˵渵첻
֯ýζʱĽɫ
˼δ֤ʵĶӣ˵ÿڸƽ֚΢һ
ʱͻȻ֯ʵٵغ񶼼ʶˡһ˳ơʯءķںδ
ôƽ֚㲻ԾЩ㱣Ŀϵķ򣬡˵ӵ´ҵķء
Ȼ֯Ҿҡҡͷԣ´ҵİø£Ȼܶʮǰͳѵñ
˵˳ơʯءķǸ־Զ֮ˣԸ˷عǳҵǰĻëԼΪʹӹӹµµȻҰΪĴˣѰʱ˵´ҡڵġءǷĶӡ
ޡ֯Ȼۻζһַܿµص㣺ӾҰӣҪ·βŵİɣҲǣѰĹУûѡ֯ѡ˵´𣿡
ƽ֚һ㶡
ǰЩٵ£ֻǸ෹̸ʣȫûùϸڡڱֱĿ꣬治֪ôӦ
ֻתƻˣ
ЩʵʵݻҲǷš˵ɫѾ磬׼ճأϺפſѡ˭أ
ҵҲǹһҪ顣£֯ҹȻپԭĻˣҶͳΪǰһ·ˣֿʧԶϺҴ㽻ˮҰպʽش˵صѡǵȻصɸ׶úá


ھʮ ϲ
ʦڵġعԡֻܹ˲ʱ䣬Ļ
Ӵ͹ߵһ·֯Ϊƽ֚Ϊ֧ӣʱȰͲ˳죬عſȡˡʮڡ֮һҰ壬ܼƼߵоŰˣɱǧա
ƹһ·һΪUֱΪȴܡ̡֮һͻϮҰܶ飬ǧȻΪӶרҵһ汾ȫ˵ģ۽ȫЩĻϵܵС
³ʮ֯ڽ̣뿪أֻʤʵ
ųɶУƺƵǰף󲻼βҸĺӡкüʽͬʱʱ򣬼ֱա
пΧȺڱõİȫԱ֮⣬ŸͷûŽأǰģȻ緢ĶĿ֯ҡ¡ëֱ¸Χ
ҳƽ֚ΪףϺʮԼͬѡص¼׺ݣ
һһǸոͶͲ˳졣һǵһȥ߹Ĺ˺ǿ֯ﵯЩšرѾʶ֯ҵ΢ϵ֮
ɴ͹ǰһ·ͣͣҫˣ˺ܶ಻Ҫʱ䣬һ죬ʮĵ磬ſš
ͬʱҲ˴ӭԱģʮֿš
ϾĿĶĿ
ԶԶȥųѵ㡢ʤҡɭɳɵسӭӣ˹ؽյüʢ᪸ǵ꣬ͷǼ롣ҶϲЦտ־ϳֹۿ飬Ϊ֯Һ˸еϲٱˡ
Ҳű˼ԵĴĻɵˣ˶ǿջЦɫ࣬úܲ⡣ǹϸТǱֵø֯ҳһˡеѾסˣһ빫һδ
͢ǱҲûţλ²ȰΪףλҽٽΣʮʽٽ׵ṫӵܡǵ֯λûУԵüΪˡ
棬֯ȻҪԳòȻ˳Ŵ󲿶ӻߵǰû׸˭кʤҵĴɤ
УͲߵн򣬹ȡع˵ΰҵҵβʿɣ
ɶ
֯Ҿö˻ػ
Ͳȷʵûߵнʲô
ѰԭЩȥķսԱȥҲǧͷۡѵʹˡӽһڡļ㷽
桰ȡعûˡռݵſع棬ʵҲͲ֮һ
ʮ֯һûϰʱĳ޴ַһʱӦ
ŴλҽٽҲֺǺǵⲽ˹˵Ͳǰӣֳͽ˲ˣҴⷬеʥϺͰٹǶġ
˼Ǹ˼ǵĿڲſɾͱβǿˡ
˿֯ҲŷӦϽϹ񣬿ڳƲҡ
Ļ˶΢˵㣬ֻҪյģǰ˳̾֯ﵯ£Ļ㡣ǻȮӰ
仰ϸиһ˼ϸһԹάʵȴǿһҵĴڸС
·ͬʱɱ֯ӦӲϾ֮£͹˲ǰ鱨սˡ
ƽ֚ȫ̹ۿξ飬ʮϤ
ʤһô˹Լƭ˹ȥ
͢ôװϺˡҲǲòװ
ˣҲȻͬһ֯ļззǰںȪеĴܣδһ겻
ȥܻһϵˣиԵ߼
ԴеǵԴޣƽ֚սöˣһ㶼ϡ档
ó̶̫һ㡣βŸҲ֡ȮɽŨիٴ̵ʱսĬȳ˸ʮٱ
ȺߣҲвݲĿҳˣܵƽ֚ǰˢ졣رںذϵġ
һ·֣֣ʱ֮󣬵֯ų齵Ĵ£°
ƽ֚һȥ˼ų㱨˾顣
֮£鶼һһ۵ģӼĽΡֻųڲסĵЦݣ֪ʮֽˡ
Ȼһֱĵλ²Ȱվ΢Ц˵һ·ֻλѣȴЩ⡣ǰεġ
˵Ŀʾ󷽵㣬ᣬ߳֯Ҵ˴˷Դͣأѫ׿мӣ飬衮λ࡯
أһ̨ס
ޣϲл͢䣡ǲʤҵһվ
ϣҪǮƨɶ׷
λߣǵ֯ҲŸԪ㣬Ȼʾ֯ҵһĴӣҪϽμҶ֮󣬲пȡƴ
ųɫɫƽЦһ£˵ʥ޸ԵġʵҲиϢҪ֮ǰ쳵׵ȮҵŮؽ֮Լ
˻һ˷Ƭ̡
֯ףӰĴ¼ˣһλʲôģͬն
һֱ˵ĲʤҼװ˲ϵĺȵ˫ϲϲŰѽȨòױһӺϲԴǣղŶѾˣ¿ôأ
ʱҲЦԺ˿Ŀ
ǣƽ֚һƳȴƺ֯ңƺһüë
֪Ƿۻˡ


ھʮһ 
ΰչǺӣˣ
֯ųѵƽ֚ļ򣬴쳣̬
ĿͦңϲȾƵųʮѾҡҡλΣɫ죬Ҳˡ
ˣ˸λ֮Ŷӽ˰ʱﻰֽϺ¡죬ҹƽ֚㻽˹
Ǻ˾ƵķʽϣȴԽˡ
ж滰ԾƺʧԵŪģ
жپƺʧԱΪ滰أ
߼װΪ滰
ƽ֚ｲСĬߣʩСػش𵽣²˱ֶѣҪԼľϡ
Ϊسݣƽ֚㵱ȻҲⲻҪӦ꣬ȵñųֻ಻١ãϢСʱָ
ְ˹ɷϻųȻ֮Աǣ
ûˣαع̬ҶӸղŶʵ˵ˣɵͦԲҲҶӣܺãܺãͲͺܲұûָ٣Ǹϲˡ
ħ£Уɾġôƪۺ˵˵ǰԲģƺҲȷʵǺˡ
Ȼ㲢ɾ裬ǼװЦʵػشţΪ׷ôãҲѧһ㶫ɣܰʵҵúܡ
ššǱųҲ֪û壬ֻһĵͷϼӡ
ƽ֚ҲźǺЦžõϷ롣
νϷ̨˭ݲҶԵƱ۾С
Ȼй͸÷ͰҿȪػȽϺʣĻǱߣȥ˵ͺˣ
ųʮ⣬һػʧãʮһһᡣ
ʵʮӶһ˶ҲǾ޿ˡ
ǿǶлˡ
ȻԷֵúܿţƽ֚㻹ʵʵʩл
Ҳװˣǰ϶¡
صſҲнӽʯˣ׼÷ݰȥأ㿴Σ
ħ˼άԾһ¾תȫɵ档
ݰ飬¡Ũʿ̷֯ңΪĸڵһԱҲǚľͬšǸ಻ʧŵʿЩй֣ʯһ´ࡣ
ƽ֚㵱Ȼӵ쵼ľݵ˫ȫڳأſ̩ɽ
ҪԺɲãɾˣ
ų˵һĻ
Ҳ̫ЦãҪֱ棬Ȼһת˻ͷҪǵķݵأɴͰſҵˣһеص
ٺ٣СӵǴúܣųͷҲصЦƽּҵѾˣɲٸһ飡
˼úáϷʡ
ֶӦ֯ųᣬ˵Ǻϲ
ԣǰ˵滰ʱƽ֚˾㲻Һ漰Ļ⣬õɵķʽظ
˼ųֿڵ˵ʱӦ˲߰飿˱ʲôģ
Ϣͨ޽䱸سˣ·Է֮⣺ȷʵǷ顣ӦɴˣͨŪĻ᣻ӦͲ˳죬ѵҵķ룻ӦɣǸȻ˹´ɽԫ
Щ²òģҶˣ
ųһӣԵüΪ
⡪ǾͶлˡ
ƽ֚ʵؽţԵʮִݣ޹ǡ
ѾЩӲˡ
Ȼ׼ųһѺ;棬ȻѰ
һ˵ţųһҡҡλߵӽ䣬ӿǽϯͷɢԴ´ѿؿں֡
ƽ֚㷭˸ۣ˫Ŀֱֱ컨壬⿴ʲôÿġ
˵ܶڵʿǹܼ汸˫ܵģųĪҲһ
Уôȥµġ
˼ĹͷųȻһ䣺
󰡣㿴ҶӸϵôãҪȻɴרŸΣ̵£ͽȨ󡢾ȥ졣
ȨʤңͨȨɣɭɳɣͨţһ棬ͨƾ
ǿٺòƽ֚ɫ죬شʮֹ⼸궼˾࣬ʵۻˣˡֻǡ
ֻʲô
ųͷɢ½ң˲ĿǽǣԴȴͻȻ·ͻȻʧˡ
ֻ˵ҪҴȮԶ᪸ǰǻȥǧܲһɣ
ƽ֚㱣Ŷ컨ƣʮɣ·ҳһ
Ƭ̳Ĭ
ųͻȻЦͻָ˼״̬˵òǸСӺǽƻҼҵ£ϧˣǼսɣ
ô˵޿κΰ
ƽ֚ϧ̾


ھʮ ȥҴ
ݵĲ֯ųٻָ״̬عԵĽĻչĴ
ܸ֮ڣʮԡ۹͡壬ָ֯ĺǡӦģĻĵͷ˳̶ȲһĴѹѳɼȶʵδȡùٷ֤ر
겻ѶԴ޿κΣòãǿջЦ
ȪҡɵʵΣ̫أ׽Ļ˵ȴʮҪþõĴ
һˣһһɫٳټƷĴ١ľ澰ͷβңȫ˸ͷ⼸ˣȲ˵žΣѾĻѵһµļҳˡǼȻûֵôôĻֻηǰ
֮£ҲֻʱʵȨĴ㣬ֳ洫⣬רע糯͢߹ټĽǶȼǿԼӰ
Ļ꣬ص첻ǰĴ󽫾һֱϳѹֶ˵ãϳսϱŵľ棬ҲֻάһȨػǹµľ档ά˲꣬ԡμ֮ҡĻƸոһ˥΢ȥױسܿա
Ĵ󽫾ɽǹǧһеĿտӡʵȨϸڡõǿѳֶ֣˸֯ų
ϸڡڶѾ߰ˣȻͦĹӲд
Ҳһ㼤ѣʼʹ洫ųңһ£һɾһɾϳ͢ʩӾ񹥻
ǰ·ʱûʲôɹĳΪʷԭĿǰĻսУϵдָǲ᣻ëȻĻ̬ȣҲ֯ˣȡ֮˼ɼǫŵǰгŵҪͨ½ʦ壬֮仹ԽСӺءܵǡԽӲδװֱɻһʱ˵ġ
Ǻ·һáҴλǰһֱӸ꣬͢ۻŲǺܷģ󲿷ֹ䶼Ӹǡ
ǣƶһ֮õԭϳߣ׼һλ󳼣ذ׶棬ʵĽԣ֯ųĻġҲѵĸ֡
һʮӦĻҵĵڶѽΣҲ˴ӵڶϵһѶȡ
ҰĲ˵Ͱưˣųʲôˣ
ħȻԴ˲迼ǡ
ֻǣԻҡ䡢ĻĽ飬ǿųҲֱӾܾǹػظ٣ܳ׽ܣص᪸Ǻúÿǡ
ƾ޳ֶܵΣһƣ֯ųܵЩԼ
ǣĻҲ͸߸߾£֮ˡ
һȻѪȴҲ̺ľ޴ը֪˰Ѻ
һ֦ƽ֚㲢δ뵽˴ζȥ
ʵذʦֻھ죬ͱ֯ųȥȪ·ϰˡ
һҹġĳãħ˳ƽ֚ԸԸ־Ը
ꡢͲ˳졢֯ҴһЩ˽Լģųž˵ơų˵ˡЩ²òģҶˣ
֮⣬Ǿ㲻ҪȨְɡ
º㷴˰죬Ҳ֪ԼĻش𾿾Ƿų⡣
˼ҵϣƽּ࣬أ
ƺ˵ֶͨ˵ͨ
Ѹ㡣
̯һ׿棬ڵȷʵıսľ
̸ҹƽ֚㿴κʿŲʵСĵάԼ趨ˡ
Ĵֱɺ£ʺ񴨵üļͶܣĳ̶ֳϣҲǡ趨Ѱɣ
ͻȻеԭʷϵǹˡ
Ȼżҳˣƽ֚ʼάգгӣǸѺ֯ųεĴλة·ػȪ١
뿪֮ʱԪİʮš
ƽ֚ʱ׼ص·žۣȥȪ½ǰıȻأָܱƻѣٲҪЩ
ųݳС
תһ򵥵
꣬б䣬ǧԮ
֯ųķԼ࣬ɲ꣬˼ҪԼ
Һƽ֚㲢ȱӡ
ָ꣬꿪
б䣬ôָĳּˡ
ǧ񣬱Ƕƽ־Ԥڡ
ųƺϣƽ֚㳤ڱŹӴľӡ
ǵ㣬ǱʲôԭѰζˡ


ھʮ Ȫ
ϻأƽ֚طֻ֮ھ죬㱻ųȥȪΡ
еģһڼҳǧ
һȪѾȥ¡
µķɣֵƼʻᣬ׺ʱعɲ׺ɣı仯
һεȪδٵʱƽֻ֚Ǹ֪ʯʿҲڶһƴ˴Ū˲ǧıƾ֯ҵƣһСֶΣվ˽Ÿ
ڣѾǡλة浭·Ȫںأɾάǧ˵Ĳӣаһǧ˵챾
ˣƽ֚㲻ҪŪܹ߳ݵİϷˣֱֻ˵ǲľ㳤ܥβݷúȪڸ͹ڣһʮּҪ˵룺
³һһۡ
û˵Ҫʲô飬ûʧڲĳͷʮֵᡣ
ȴԵˡ
֮ܲʱԽ֮ʱԽȪձ飬Ǻ׵ġ
Ϊĺ磬Ѿϵϡ
˵˾³һǾͺõģʵϡ
ʮ뿪ջûȪڣѾ˿ӱޣϵǰƽˡ㱨⡱
Ҳõ˼ʱĻظ
ةżз纮岻ʣûʲôüë£պ˵
ǵ棬ﳤסšҳͨ˵ϻ˶Ѽ곣ɼԭ֮ľ͸ˡ
λƽ֚һЩԵȹϵĵͼʿžƽӹĬĬţȫΪ֪Ϊ֪Ͷˣ˾ģҪԵųߣټӹ
֮ӦģһüĿ
Ͷƽ֚㣬ԻصﰲһԼƽ֚㰲תİլſһĻ´ǲʱȻƽ־Ч˿⣬ھ͵˻ȡرʱ
֮Ǽһϲҳ˵ע֮£ƽֺ֚һػص˰ǣڶγΪȪһĹߡ
һ·ᡣ
¶ʮ磬Ŀĵء
Ϊżз纮Եʣƽ֚㲢δУǳ·һ·ڰϢ
ֱ˳£ƿӣ˼¼ݡ
һ½ţϸɵأһоǳµҵģС࣬ܵڱҵӰ졣
˚ԼľĻᡣһֱϣ¡ģȴͣͲǰսήȻҲȪĶҲ޹ϵ
ŴԽȺţͻȻ߸һľƼռԤĹ㳡λãʹԭ֮Ϊխ
֮ҲƵĸۼ¼༫ΪӰ۵ķṹǰߣ뱾裬Կǰ޽Ĺ۾¥̨Ҳֿ̨һȥоҪָԭѡ
޴ƽ̲֚ס²ۣСտأ켸ʲôãںȪֵط͸óͽ֮ͨڹ֮;
һ̵ļҳȻ̣׷״ꡣ
Ψб˼һתǰԵǰЩӽʶһʯɽˣţ귢١ľӪ֮裬ĶԳһƽҪ˵Ļ
ţ귢٣ôӦý
ֺе죬ƺڰϷеǳ
Ӧľˮƽˡ
ֻǡʯɽʵԴ̶
ƽ֚㲻ÿɷü򱾶һۡ
᱾ȴᣬֲ˵λȻʯɽ⣬ȴڵͽ뱾Ըûʲôϵ

ˣƽ֚ɫ˿δ䣬ֻһͷʾˣ㸺˫ǰߡ
Ȼʮಽվתͷ´һѵطԸѵ㱾ְ׿Ƽһˣ԰ɣȥҰţҴΣš
ҴĿǰƽּʵϵϯУȻǳҰͬʱҲǰģ˵˾ְӦóǰƲŶԣʵŻ㱨һΣǼҴҵĴ˵¡
ŵõæǡ
ҲûظȻˡ
Ȼ񽻻㣬Ŀвۼ֮⡣
Ȼ˿ûâ˼ǵʲõؽ󣬰ڳѲŰĿӵ̬
ӹΪ⽻ǡĵسƽʱʵȨģҲƽ֚߰С
ǳȻ⣬Թ۵ɣ˱ŵİӣ̲ס¥̨ʱ򣬱˻죬ǳɽŵó˷λ²ͨľ˿ʤεġ
ʱƽ֚ǰʮԶûʲôӦ֪ùܡ
¶еЦݣӦȻˣʱһ޸¥̨ɺã
ӹƽزμսʱ򣬶ֻ뵱ıԸȷģּǵľǴԶ֮
ƽּҵǱڼֵ۾ǣʵԽ࣬ԽеλͻȨָֻŲµ˲õá
Ψһ⣬һֱǡҽҲΪܷΪ٣һ˻ûǸƤ
ĳЩͳŵڳļҳò̫Ӧ
ӹⳣ۵ͷ
˻뿪ʢʧǣ˸־
ЩëƤϸ΢ĩڵ£ƽ֚һ·뱾裬ſڣ滺˵ĻɳĴ٣ܻЩƷλڴҡ
ԭУֻݸһСûбȾ»ļ󣬷һЩľϢĲſڷԲʮСͥԺҲԡɽˮķװ
չأҳֻܴʱ˴̲ŻճڱϰࡣſڣǱ㲻ˡ
ǰǼʿֱ룬Ҿһڵ·̥ߡ
ŮȻҷݱǣֲôϲСգֻмɴֻӶԵʮֿտ
һ߹ļʮ۰Ͱ͵صŰŹ
ƽ֚ȴҲö໰ָű˵ʱ鰸빣һС¿ŰС
Բ˵һҶʡ
ƽּҲɫãҳ˹̶˾ְﳤһЭдһϸ鱨ҴǳҰרעĻᡱ͡ӡ˰񣬷ΰܵ㰲ҼΡصȴսƽվͲֻץѵɡ
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˵һ˺ò׳Ϊĸ˵ᵳӪ˽ҲҪΪưɣ
ȻˣȴѲŰͬǲмһ˵ġŴҵĹܡ
ƽ֚һһҪ߽УͻȻƺ뵽ʲôתͷ·δɢȥЦҲ֪⼸в̽Ϣ԰ɣʱҪˣЩ˵Ķûôðǣν֮Ԥ


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ǲֻ˷ʵû˵塣֮ǻԼ޹ġ
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ӹ⣬ΪǼʹͳӣ˼Ҹ氡ⲻ֪ǧżΨһŵпΪиȨǺܲȶģͽܡŮӼ̳УԸĿɾٵöˡ
˾ʦӹûжл⡣
ʱ򣬱ĻͻȻ˾仰ƽˣƶɮһԡƶɮΪȪ֮Բң󣬷ִеòλɵġ
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ƽ֚ɨһۣЩ󵨿ڵȥ
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ȻŨں͵ʤֱҲòܵӣԵɨˡ
֯ôϣܻЩǲôģеΪʱ϶̣ЩңеǱž߲㣬ȱ
γֻ֯Աһں״ҳûκһܾԼˡܵϯģų֮⣬ʮˣҲ֪ʯǧ˵ļ𡣣ʯس̫ܴﵽһǧҪ
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ƶɮʯɽԸ´һʯһöڴˣл֯ﵯּңĶ顣

֮ܶˣⶼųⰲŵģǻѵ˼ǲС
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ƽ֚üòԾֲ֪ô


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͢ķŶӵСλϣнӽ顱ݣȻֻų˽Ӵʸ񶼲̫㹻
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ƽ֚긻ǿ˵βٿǽӽ׵ˣû뵽ôõ
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ҰԶ١ǣҵȻҲʲôβٿЦֹյƣצĳ׷ŷҴʴʣƽ֪ԴڲĥվȽŸ֮󣬾ͿʼˡⱾҲȻмĥˣȻڶ̶֮ڣͱЩϻƸˣеѹ
Ҳ䳣ƽ֚ںԴҲһ㣬ʵ֯ǰҲйβںŨ֮⣬Ƕһ΢С°ˣ覲褣ֻҪǳҼչȥìӰ첻ֵġ
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ƽֻ֚ǿаͬʱԸοúúãֻҪܼһæǿϽˡ


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ƽˣʵȲֻˣ
ܿ˵֮һιڵϣԴУĿ
ҵҵǧô˵ʲôõϵĵطܷԸȻޣһᾡౡ֮
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˱̾һװᣬƽ֪Ϊһ֯ƵԵʣѾˣ
ڰɣƽ֚ŵľȱ飬ƴôҲΪĻĳξðԶ׿ʶô˶ųأ
Ȼǻ档˲ŻвףæֲͲס˳ɻСĻƾһʵֹ
ݼ佻̸Ѿƽ֚ƽȵĽ࣬Ҳټװ
ʱ㷽ʵƴˣʲô鷳أ
ʵҲһЩպ͸¶ĳЩС˵ߥ£ǲȥضƣⲻ뻢
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ɾͱװͿʱȥض²Ļ˼𣿡һֽȴֲı̬ͷ
״ƽ֚Ҳܲµյˣѵ׼ȥά񴨼ң
ˣ˺ͷҲ֪͵´л֮±ɽҪǻб֧֣Ͳˡ
ǡȷʵеѶȡ
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֮ܶӽ񴨼ѾҪˣΨһںֶ֮ѡ
Ļȥά񴨵Ļϵ˵ùȥϾϵķּҡȻʲôʵãʹ߸㲻þҪʧսС
ϸ룬Ҳȫûлᡭƽ֚˼ã˴𸴣ǰɽ֣֮ʧȥܡܶĴƬأ¸ı¶пڣʱڣǿ϶עڸ𣬶ǲԽ󿥺ӵ˾´ĿǰϷֽ񴨣ۿսҪϷˣպܼ𣿳ҪѵġʱƱҪᶫĿȨ񴨼ڿӡԶ꣬أʹֻʣռӣԻעĳ롭
һ㶣Ȼ̫ŷ׷ʵ֮䣬񴨶´жԣͻȻ˵ҪͶҲȡ˰ɣ
ƽ֚ĪЦЦǾҪ񴨼ҿϲϳ㹻Ĵˣ˵˭Ըֲ񴨼ңͰ˭ҵ׶Ϊӣ̳ˣΣ
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˰ǾǾ壬й⻪ɫ˼Ρ
ǹһҡҡͷ˫Ŀ⣬
˷Ƹ꣬ݺص飬ʵ֣ƽֵˡ˿¡²ޱ֮š
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ƽ֚Դüҡҡͷźε飬ĵȴ˲١
ѾˣҲǶԵյĽ顣ԼȥǾ͸ûϵ
Ĭһ֧֧ؿˣʵʱҲһ˼·ϣƽ˼Գȫ
Ը꣡
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ǰһֱãһ涼һֹܵۺıʿ벻һȻܶĥİ취
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²˳٣ƽ֚㵱ʹŵȥʾˡ
˿֯ųڸͷѲţ飬ЦȷʵбҪ˹棬úϲֻˮˣҵȡ«έջ񣬲һŶۡɣ˵ӹ⣬ίú۴СһúСƽּйְλˣ
ԼĴħѵһ˵ôһλƽ֚Щ죬һʱûӦ
һ룬ŷųɫر˽飬ȴּƺͼලֶΡ
ȻԴҲûʲôģˡ


ʮ ֮
ƽ֚£֯ųּ귢ӣˡú۴С͡úСְλ
ǰ߸ලˮˣɚƼӹⵣΡ߸ֲ«έȸҵ֯ҲƽּΡ
ųɷнµǩʽί״ӱдһúڶˮ֡֯ǵĹţԵʮ¡ء
ʵ֯ųδöúˮϲҵжȤ֮˽ˡȻϾҲƵ飬ݶѣɾܾ
οƽ֚ѾǰڵĽӴƼѡҪλةһӵġ
ȻӹӣҲȫ̴ӦҪලƺֶΡ
ּһ˽ȥѺϵֳĿ
úϸˮʵ࣬˼Һ壬ˮ߰٣ңÿǧ̯Ӷѡڲ㡢ȡ«έıľ͸ˣİ٣ģǧᡣ
ô˵˸ڴ򣬼ϵ塣ǰǡǳھհã˼ûôֻ֣֯ƾһ㣬ԵñǸΪˡ
ƽ֚Ҳ⡣Ĳ˵ܹȥֻˣ˳㻹԰ٵһˮǵĵϸһ˭⣬֯ҵ崦ǡ
С微ʤ侮ϦֵĹ쵽˶ļӰ񣬵ǰߵս£Ӱ졣
зĴܴ󽫳־˱ŻȥĲб֮󣬸ӼᶨԾƶķ룬ڸһĽͨפˣֻոһյʿӹأդھ򺾹
ǹǲɽζҪͨСɭɳɡһ棬һǧȷӣϸѰգҲ˿սֻܳ
ǻֲ£֮ͳַʧˣ֯߰˰ٱ䡣
ȥǿ˼õӪʣʧ϶ǸһЩ
˱㲻ǰֹдŻȥᡣ
ų˻㱨ͬ޲ߡ
ԭõĲԣǹ򳯲ּĵĶغأöغһ˹֮ңԶβѹ˵з
˼ҵ˿ûоԮ˼غؽǹϵطغߡ
Ǹ˵Է̰һɢɳǸ˵̩ɽβأ
׵˶غأȻϲʹȥĻǾܱŤˡܸ賯ּһĴˣպغؿܲղ϶˰ҪĴء
֯ų־ʮּᶨǰ˴γսǿҲһҪȡЩҪ˵׼ɷ̣οּҹĶǣпɳ֮
˵꣬ܥоǰô微ʤǮȻֽӼ˼˽Խǰϸĳ־ɳ׼ֶΡ
ƽ֚ΪּҸ񣬲ܴ򵹵ģҲûҪħ˵üͷὫ뷨֮ڡ
ʵ֯ʮ꣬˹Ũʱ֮⣬ַǡãһͰѶԷˣֹ۵ڽʿӣαҪڳأ
ˣֻʵʵִоŴ󲿶ǰߡ
ȷĵ񴨡ɭһᣬֵн־ȷʵƽȣ
޻˵ֻųͺá
ʱӽͻȻһҵϢ
ƽ֚سһ𣬱е֮Уųһȡ㱨
鱨ˣ̸֯֯죬˳Сʮص
˵ʧóݡˣͻȻ򣬴ǧ˽ҸͶ𣬴֯š
ĳʤΩˣδؾж֯ῴԼҰͻΧҾ
ҵıаǧϣȵ˶һֹ
óݡȻҲ˵۾ѧ²ȥ
һ̣Ͽ˵ܴʤٲ̫Կɣ
û뵽ҵͷŴ󽫻ľأΪǰ棬ǰ꣬þȫʤ
ĿǰѾսһ룬ݴʱϢ˵ն׼Ωе֪ʤݲʡ
һǰóͳεĺĵشóݾڵĴС岻˵ģ벻ԡＸ˵̨óݴžڻľصİվȽŸˡ
յϢų̡
鶼֮Уֻϸеʧذˡ
ųŲңֻСʮѯ˵ӦΣ
źҵСʮɤ𵽣ͲһҼңǵʹ·ϣһͻյýУŵ춯Ҫҳ֧ͨ֯ƺס˾ơ֮ĺƺڵȴչûվ֧óݣҲû˷ԣĻҲûб̬Ը¡ȅɽȵԷ𣬶˵ҼҼ졣
Щˣų飬Цһϸֳɱ⣬Ը¡ȅɽû뵽Ļסڡ
ڼûƽ֚һۣ˼ǶҳͨͲ˳ġշʮֵһüҵسһղŹ鸽̬꣬˼ᶨǹûġ
óݺ췴֮СľصĵЩϣܱߵķӦΪʧ
ĻѣȻûеһʱַòеļƣ
ѵҪպֵ̫ˣ
ô֯ҲӦøó̸ʲôѽ֮ǰκһԻȡŵĸ
ǰۣһֱóݵ߱ɱϴֲαٵģ
ѲͦôͻȻôĺͿѵкУ
ڱԸ¡ȅɽ˰л̫ˡֻҪǹȫжԣʱû̫˼
ǧҾ˲ܰ𣬲֪Щһʲôùģ˷ǳм
ʮֿ͹۵ָüͳνܶʮµĻˣܳ״򵹣綼
ɭɳ͵صͷҺòں׼ˣ
ʵżĸƥŵ¶ųʮá
漴֯ų֪ͨ̳Ҿһ·֮ҪúüţЩ;鸽ģʱȺҲҪס
ħ˵˿һ㶯ҡɱζ
ȫʲôΣգֻᵱ˵Ĵûˡ
еĴ󲿷ּҳҲһ뷨óݰˣܴһΣΣڴ򵹵ΣĴΣСأ
ҲһǸ⣬δʤǰܣ˵ȫɱǱûԼˡ
޷ųԴ˺ںǳѾȷ֧ңһʮְȫ
ƽ֚ǳģе㲻ǵ룬ԼˣѴԺ


ʮһ ֮
óȻֻǧˣҾ˴˿ѷ֯ųַּҵж
ϾǰǽܵͳߣĵǿȨô׾ͱȴġʶľصĵ겢˾ȡ
֯ҵķӦҲ㹻Ѹ٣ʤӡһˣڽδԽǰյ۷ڵȥ
㡢Ͳ˳վ֯һߣṩ֧ԮáӰҳܾͨͬϻվһȰ˵ȪڡɽǵȵغǮɽѸߡܥƵ˷ӦһĵҲԱ̬ȡ
£ۿ֯ҵĲʤ͵ǰˣĬ˼Ļڴţַóݡ
ȻѩԽԽˣԭСҲһʮıҸսͷ
ʤݻѵʱѾۼ˽ں֮ڣһܼƳĴָ򣬷â¶
⣬ԶڲĥǳҲõϢͣһ˻Χóݡ
ĳྮҰңҲ֯һǧٵųҪսȻֻ˼˼Ǹ̬ȡ
ͬʱŹ¡֯ˮʻںƽּڵ·žзˮ·
лԶ࣬ƺǿʧܵĿˡ
֯עٴλصԽǰս
ĳ־ȻסҪŦز¶κ
Դˣų˴־ս׼ڸеǣһ滮Ρ
ǣָڵзݵ㸽СҪΪã
ڶȥĻʧȥǮӶغظ۵ĳּȻµ֯ҡ
һ棬֯ųǮüԽǰȥִв߷
߷飬һʱᵱȻɹ
Ȼ微ʤŶʮ׳̧ʮߵǰӣ¶âӲӽҵʱڳıĿɿڴˡ
ÿ棬ǧ߰ʮöңÿöأƻƽǧۺϳͭǮֵᡣ
ʵǰ֯ÿδģжѵľͽٶǧģĿϾֻǲעĿ֣ȫҳɽҶǰһˣ͵ĹҸ˴ӾƱȯܱġ
Ȳ˵ܲܳɹ򵽵нɣһ½ʿǵʿ
˵²ļҳƽ֚㣬кȪ·ںó׵һ֣ǺüģҲûô

Ԫ¶ʮգһֱоˮ͵ƽ֚ڽӵһǾǽ泷ɭɳɸǵĹ
ϸһʲ֪ԭǰһϳ˸С⡣
ʱɭɳɵĵճӣʮɭ¡ǰ߼ල̣ҹɫУٲ̫֮Ѩɭ༴ң־Ƴɱ֯ʿ䣬ջ˽õľ̡
˷ʵʹϧ
ɭɳɱ˵ûʲôˣֻǾЩήңǾȥϢˡƽ֚Ȼ죬ֻܴԱһ⣬Ҳ˵ʲôڰ˳֮Ļ
һսʱأΪء
ԼУĶԱ˵ի١ǡð֣֮ڲҵԵʡֿȴȻ⣡
ǰɭ¡ҪԭӦǼּ̬أ½ģ˽䱸
ĳ־ֻڲأϮҲˮ׼ƾ㣬ٿǸˡ
ƣֻǧ׽ûǧշģڵйôϷǻ¶
Ϊ˱֤ǵ˳ƽ֚׼һԹΪأתȨƽ桢ҼΡͽ֣쾫İˣЯڣϵضԵ
оϳһսǱ⣬רĽˡ
оͬСɱ̽ӲӲսýʿһͲüѪ硣
оӦսȻǲܵġǵȺ£ȻҪ֪ܱͨѾһӵϣ˵ϾͰԽǰˡ
ʵϣ֧СֶַߺȺɱ죬б޷ӦֻԶѡ
ûɭ¡ôùˣ˫
ʱ䣬ɺﳤ׸ָһǧӱǿѱƻĹٻָһ
гڵĳ־Ӹܼ棬Ȼ֯޺óΣ¶ʮϣһҹϮ
ʱֵƽȥǰѹƣſɶŲءһֱĩ߾İ鵱ո˵󣬸ڹ߽°ٲֻæգԱ˥ȥ
ڳ־ˣҹѡǧˣͽΪȷ棬ͻȻɱһֲ
ƽȻ£ȴҲֵסһ·ɢ
ǧˣһӱ׷ʮԼ2.1ֱƽּҸǵĵص㱼ȥ
˭֪ĹۣǼٽɽһᡢСгԴ
ټ֮װ˵ƽ˷ǰл־ƭﳷ룬׷һʹ
ɽһ¹Уŵз߼ʿװͦǹͻ룬ˣ˳ּɡ
һСģս֮˾á
ﳤϲɫһоٲҳϮţҾԺǣǽ
ƽ֚е˵ǣթ֮ʩΪףοҹսξ飬ܿɹ󣬽һҪúüס
֮ܶϵ¶ֹۺͻա
֯ʵԶԶȳָǿǺʵġֻҪȴ򣬲ΪӪĽ࣬ȡʤǰ϶飬Ψһֻǻʱ䳤̰ˡ
ɾʱȴƽڷ񡱵ĺ
ѭȥֻܥļǣܵȴ˿ҷŲ
кָ̣һ;òȥֲ֪
ҡҾ󣡡ܥһ˵굫Ϣ˳˵Խ󡭡Խɼɼӡ򙡭ߵҾ󡭡һˡ߲ơټ
ܶûͨ˳ľӣӼؼʾ˼
ԽɼǫŴһˣȡƵ֯Ԯּң
ǡ
ϣ


ʮ 鳷
ɼʵڲ˼顭
ս̫ˣµȷ棬ȥһսɣ
ԽƵߵĻǷС·ѵԤı
֮Уسƫȫ㼱ҴҵӣͰս֯ҵľ飬ҲûйĻһŵľ档
֯ų국λãһԲ˿Ҳֹҳǵֻۣⶢſڡ
ȵϤӰǰųȻֵྲ
Ⱥ֨۰Ͱ͵ܴ󽫣ָ
ȻųŶſ۵ʵ֣°ˣ̽鱨Σ
㵽һڣǳҴСȳǴϢɼһǧˣȡĵȷ龰ѾʼҼҵӡسϵ֮󣬿Զ϶ǣȷʵɼҴӷ򙾭ֻǾĿݲʣ಻֪ҼҲȷһЩ⣬ֲ֤ʵǷΪɼҡǰҾڽͲʣһһˣʶ¼ȷ顣
ڳ׷䣬©һ䡣ԽԽ
ղŵĻ㱨ȻСݲʡ֤͡ʵ֮ڿ϶ġ
йųƾµһɼǫţ
һ˺·ض
ʤҵĺڣһƫƫѾȥ򡭡ʱ˵ʼóݽսˣ
ԣ֯ų΢΢ס˼Ƭ̣ʵԽ辭ԽС򙣬Ϊɼͨ
֣°ˡ̽һ˿ڴ𵽣Խǰʵɼֲ֪򙽭ȴɼԽ׵С·ɼжԣȻҽݻĻ֮ƺиĹۣ½һԭɼԸȥǰȥδ٣˺һҲɼҶԿˡ
֯ų̧ͷһգ۶ϣȅɽãĻһڹɼ
Ȼ
ȻнھΪ׵һɹ˳Ҳи˶֯ﲻģȅɽǿƵͳ߿϶Ҳˣο֯ǰǵ磻ĻȻܵЮƣûӼԽϷá˼ݻܲʱʱ̶̿ţһڣǸǲöˣռŸԣĵֲƳɹҶǶûкӡ
Ҫ˵Щ߰а֯ҵĵˣʵʮġ
ȻųĿ˼״̬ٴˡ
سǵȻǲĽҲϰħʼԷ
һ˼飬סҡͷʵԽͳߣΪ翵Եɣǲɽ·һ޹ϵĺս˽ΪνһǧƣҾӦʱԭؾգСɷֶ̽һ㡣
ʾͬȻ̫ҲδȫȻܡԽжѸ٣ֱգ˵ͻᱻֺɼΧɼǫŴˣʮǰͿΪˡض졯һ·ɱСԭ£յĻ֧Ԯ֣Ҳϡ档οǳѾԵзһǧˣռݱ꣬ϢӦšҾӦϺ󳷣ȱⱻлǡ
˻඼˵Էͬʱͬйϵĵһǽ
ˡ¡ܥʵżһԴ϶ðˣҪô֪˵ɶãҪôŵ˿ڣҪôѹͲ˵
ƽ֚˼ҲǴңȫ˶ţЦŴһ䣺λԣеֻһ䣺·ϣһغͲ޷䵽ǰߣҾʳּ֧죿
ڵĹӦֻʣʮһ롣微ʤޱظ˴𰸡
𰸵ļ˲ɵõһ
һ޷֡ȵȴ족ˡ
ǲƣܹǺ󷽳⣬ʳ˲ǰߣộ
һֱĬɭɳɲһ䣺ʮһҲˣһԴӶغظʱǰĳ־˥Ϊ壬ǧˣסɴʣµɼսһ
ճӵսƺɭɳɳӶս뷨ó˱õ¡
Ȼܽ뷨
ƽ֚㲻òʾɼֵ飬֪Ҿ޷ʱɼؾôڴСΪ֯ﱻɼھ⡯̬Ȼᷢ仯ַҾĺսҲܳ󵹸󡣳͢ĹҲܾҼڰȫתٱҴ壬ĻʲôĽɫ͸ˡ˽ΪҾҪھͻɼѶȻǺܴġ
ʵǷ˵ĳͬŲҪų˼һʱ飬븴̵ͰʱӢˣǿɾͲˡ
˵Ҳȷʵʵ顣
֯ȻƼʢǲδӦ֣ʱʱ̱̿ŶԾѹƣŵάְȨ
Ϊɼܳڱɭɳ˵ƴһ˵Ľ飬Ĳһ˿ɾ͡ͰҶģΪǮ̫٣òСڼҴҵ󣬻ȥе㲻ˡο˵úеǳΪͷߣڶ࣬ǼȻ˵ɼһǧǰӦòʵ̫Զ
ɭɳ˼һ鲻Ըصͷ
ұ˱ϳھѹġʱų۾¶նľȻ飬ǰ콫úˮˮ·һ
˵һƥħҲ¶֮ɫ
Ȼͨˮ·룬ǾһҪϺѡ
һٳɼѹ
ǿԽɼ
һԱ֮Ǿһ
˾ĬȻ
ΨзһɭɳȻ̧ͷְ֮뽻£ǳּҵûսʹأ
ûų𻰣񴨸͵Ȼɼ죬˵ĵƽִ˵ĺȪ·пܻгûҵˣؾѹɭ˵ȫģΨϺصıҲȽȶҲʺϵϺѡ
һ·񣬾ȫϵжϣǸءԼİΣ˼
ٱˡ
ȴֻеʮֲã񴨵ĻԿڷ˵ɭһƬϣ˸塣ҲͲϺְ֮ˣһǽڶ뿪ǰߵġ
ųĬƬ̣˵ͷȴǧ챾ȶ֣ס泯֣סɼͳ죬Ժڣ
ţɭɳɵ֣ͨţ֣ͨţƽ֚ͨ֡
һղŵ˵ûд¾صȫ֧ţڶϺˣôҰɽӵȨܾܿͻᶪ֮£ɭɳɡһرߵĽ죬ʹɵӰҲСܶࡣ
ųûȫóɰܵʧ˼ǿӦ˵սҪ
ǹȻҪҲǲȱģ
ΪʲôһֻǸ˫ȫĵĽ죬ųȻżбŰҲķܹġ
Ȼܴ˾Ȼۣڼҳ
ƽ֚ľףŴúת룬ųѾȥˣҲʹ˵˵ģôԼӦǱȽϰȫġ
֯ų˵ղŵҲɵóһܣɫϾ̣֮λͬġʱ˱㲻赣ģ󡭡λҪŻն񣬾͹Ͷȱ֮Ҫںۣ


ʮ ҥ˵
Ԫ³ġ
գѾʼúߵɽʮ᫣·ʧޣݲƽķ䵱յգԼܵʪ޲˷ơ
Ȼ˵ģǵǰսˡ
ƽ֚ΪŽӽ˵Ĵ󲿶ӣƹúѾ죬Իûȫĵ·뾩ҵг̡
ʱ⣬ִ֯ôģĲоʵںܷ鱨ˣȫжʧЧ֣һʱҲ𵽳Чˡ
ʱ䣬֯ųӦѴˮ·ﾩˣǷɹסĻ˴֣ȡںЧأ
ԽǰһϺĵɭɳɣôأܵסлΣǷܻŻ
ɼʲô취֯󷽵ģôôƹԽкͷأ̫˼ˣܹ˾ľȫһ°
ǰƽ֚һƶˡǳߣΪ˷ֹֽľ档
Ƶľ滹Ƿˣ
ѵǡʷΰ֮
ֱǰС˵ڼԿ˲ܱŶΣ
ÿˣƽ֚㶼ðɥ̲֮סҪҧгݡ
֪ˣ˳ˮۣԭ顱һ·ȥˣˣԼǰϤٵڡ
ڿɺˣǰƾߣ֯ҵİҵҲ֪᲻ô˳
ݰɥȻּӾȵĸо
ƽ֚ϣɫļУֻºƬ֮ķ϶ȫˮˣճˬ
û취ٴɷнµ̬ñȥ
Ϊƽֻ֚ʱġܴ󽫡
ںﳤסšҼεǰôҲ޷ġѶҪںСڡ
ھһ桢ˡ¡ڣҷͬţвˣԵʧݣȱء
˵Ǹ޷Ǿ⼸ʱڣЭж˶ãֻΪ˷ֹ·ϳ⣬ʱָӰˡ
ʵúоĿ൱͵ġ
Ƭ̶ɽأҵƶ񤣬ֻľߵСׯȼСĺ壬⼸ǳһ̫ʵǳʱŴ֡ջԼвǶЮߣǰߵڻȥˡ
ԣƽ֚Ŵһ·ֻܿƼݣ˾Ӿܵũѣĳδ඼ˣûҲֻ濴ңƲв
һ·ľƬھƶƺѾʧȥ˻㽨ƣ˹ϽԭʼᵱС
ھʶսӣƶ񤣬ʶԴӽлָϾ͵̬Ĵˡ
һսԭһҲǳѲ˹ϵ
ĿǰȥѾѷˡһ£Ҫ˵صΰôҲҪǧ˲аɣ˵صĸ˰ȴδһǧʿ䡭
㽻ƽ֚㣬ҲûϺö깦ȥӣǿָܻɡ
ûκвȻǺáһ棬ζûҵκλȡ鱨;ɽЩũ񣬹Ĵ󽫾˭֪
һ··ҲأĬȻ
ˣһա
ֱ򸽽Ž˻صĸܡ
Ѿӽú϶ˣ治ԶǱȅɽϷһʮԼ17.5סĶǡ
һ뾩ôȻҲ֣ͨʢôѸٻָвũ˺̼Ҿۼڴˡ
ȻõĳݣָȫұɱʿˮʱڵʵʬǣܵȻǿطϢ糣İա
СѾѱطдˣվǰܥβƽ֚Щ񣬸Ͻ߽ѡ
ޡ̧ͷȥȻм˴ݾۼĽһ·СܹϽ֪ͨ񴨡λҲһ飡
ϹֱϽʵҲһɹķиȥʮ˵Ļ»мܸʵµˣȫзġֻڸʵµĲǱ֯ڽǾǱڲż
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֮ܶϢһһԽԽļǡ
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ʱ򣬷бͷ微ʤϯһ֯ŰԾս⣬ɭɳڱ½ζϺ񣬲֪ǷܰȫʤǰߵĴҲգüʢǰıδٸԭְ
Ϊһسƽ֚㲢ϲЯ󱲣ӰϾβˣħ֮ʦĶӣ֯ҵŮһǸϲǿ̫ˣȻҪеá
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ԿĳЩ˵촽˵Ļ
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ƽ֚ʩһ񣺡±֮һķԸ


ڶʮ 
ƽ֚㽫ϢȥʱȷʵһЩɡ
ĲںһڶѵǳƣΪҪųȥʣʵԽܡ
Щ˲û㹻ȥԿƽ֚㣬ֻòս䴦ӱﲻһ޳ɣΪĿǰΨһԱȫ֯ҵֶˣ뷨ѻʯ¡дΪѣԥ
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Ϊһͳŵڵļ̳ˣų״ӱƽʦȻѧʶǲģȻ֪ڱཫ֮ʱھޣϵľ㡣С΢踺أǾɾҵ
ֻҪסԼ֯ҵĸһеòǿġ
ҪĿͼҳǹ䣬ҪԼﷴǿ

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ٵĶĿ״֪˼飬׻ǰߵò
ų΢¶ο֮⣬ûĸˡ
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ˣҸо;ƺвڿɱҵʹҺҴһǧ˻һûסŨľƿ㲻ϺãڡҶϼȫƲڼңʲô˼ȻҲ֡ȼλر᪸ǡڶߣôʱʵڹ˼ڴҲڲ²⣬ҵǻûԽ󣬻ǴӶ塭
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ֻ֮֯죬š˵񴨴˵öԣһƴȫ鸸ϵ


ڶʮһ 
Ԫ꣬³ˣջмꡣ
Σеųǿӣţϣ½ʿӵ˳£ѵһشϼУſڣҳ¡ӭӡ
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·ķ֯óݺͳ徰Ϊף̱ѵΪһĻɼǫŶ⵽
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ͬʱҲζţ޷ٴȡǿĺԮˡ
Ҳ˵ƹ㡰ױλʽŵʱųһ־͸˻ƽǧۺͭǮᣬѹûỹǮ顣ɣô׵ϴҵڶ
֮⻹Ҫͬദ⡭
ų˾ˣҲܹƣһּҲܣǶֹע⡣ڵµ£ƽ֚Ч֯ҵѶʮֲ跽ĳ⣬ô·Ȫ㼫ΪΣˣ֯Ҳ鷳
ֻĻΪ֯Ѿҡҡ׹ʱ˫ͨתνĵ
Щ²βʿǣǲᶮеĵȴֻƽ֚ǳûʸ֦ˣ
ꡢü䡢ŨڡˮҰԪˣȴпܻװ
Ȼ򡪡
ЩΪ˵ĹĶǣҪһߡ
ǰǿأ
óݣȻʱʵǿϾ㲩ʱȡ˻ľءŽ̵֧֣һԾв
½̫ʣгּҵƴڵԽɼ˳½ڵġ
֯Ҹ֮ǰƽ֚ݷʩ֯Ѿǰߣƽ֚ϸˣڳϽּ¼ҶĹøɱŻȨ
ҲһϵоҪԭ
Ļȡųռʡվ֯һվǳе˷յģ֮ԸеգΪƽ֚ˣ
ŴĻƽ֚۵㡣
Դ˚㵱ȻǱϸм㣬ϻ̳Ͽ֣ȴ޲еЦ
ȥЩӰ˵ģΪ˱˻ΪԼҪľȥԸǰ֮еġ
׵ģȴñǽųι飬㷺ȥȶġ
¾ƻңΧѾȷ֯ҴĲɱΪʶǲʹҲһҪСĽ顣Ϊƽ֚㲻ϧɳȥе
ӵ´Ͳ֮׽ҪȡϵģȰ˵ɳһԮ
ạ̃ྮҰһɫ֮ĿɳܹߣȡʵڲҪ֤µĵˡ
Ը¡ȅɽ֮ĵطȻҲҪ˼
򡢱ԽǰȡռҲͬ˰Ϸԣֹ˽һŨĵ򳯲֣ǿɾˡ
ЩҪ֮⣬һƮھϿա
һɼҾ˶ٱԮ֣Ԯһ
Ӳĥ۷򶫵ǳΣ
ϲӦڴ˵ҲóȻսڵϢʵڹڷң޴жα֯µƽ֚͸¶˵ȫϵϡ̸Сʮˣ֯Ϊ鱨֯Ѿ⵽ƻ
ƽ֚Ĺ滮½ĳ֡ɼݲóݲüޣĿǰ֯Ӧ
۵Ȼõѵ֧֡
һ桢˵˶Դ˲̫޳ɡԾŷֱ·ͬʱӦߣһΪùؾ䡣
²ииƽ֚ԲᣬһҲԶ֯Űʱһڵķˡ
ϻȨߵ֯ǾøԶеΪѣĪһǡ״ƽֺ׼һڵĳƽֺ񴨵ͬʱַĲصȻ޷᪸յġ
˼䣬޷ȡùƽ֚㻻˼·ٷ׵ʧı˵
λЩıңʮҪ˵û˾ָʹĻǾܵġһʱ޷³ı˭ҿԿԷһֱƴʱ䣬ġʡҵڻȡһ߻ᣬѾǵ˵ʧˣָһʧ󡣴ʱζҪȶҶԷĲãѡ񣡡
һԥƬ֮󣬱۵˵ǿ˵ƽΪķȥĻһҪɳ㹻ˣд̤̽塭ɴñ˵γɡ
˼λдһ£Ҳټ֣ת˿ڷ磺Ҷ󱱲̫飬ֻϣѸٻóݣؾ볯־սȻҪģ᪸Ҳͬؼ
˿֯Ҳ˿ɫᶨ˾
Ȼˣȫǰַóɣ֯һŵ˷ϴͰиλˣ
һٴ룬ǲǿ⣬Ȼسۣٻӡ


ڶʮ 죨ϣ
ƽ֚ǿ˵ˣ׼ȹ뾩óݣΪؾĵһ
Դ˴һ֮֯ҺȻɫһĵ˾ǿվԶԸɱҸĴ̿ȴ֪ʱܷ
ĬȻ
Ȼӷ²ɼס˳֣ץߵȼߣʵǺܲ׵ġ
ǵõȵܰЧΰţٲȡ̺ʽŲС˼ɽһ㣬ʲô취أ
Դ˳ҧгݣƽ֚һֹ
ʱŹ֪ͨλˣɱ֯ﵯԪף;óˣΪأ
˵ͱըˣʲô˼ԪĻ;ΪǰҼҾƺ𣿡
΢侲һЩ֯æס˳ɫҲÿʵɱҸˣɼס˳ߣһѾ˾֪ˡԪ˭޶ۣ֪Ļ˾ڣ⣡
վһԵƽ֚һ̾ʵǹ˵˼𣿡ƺԤϣûа֮ɫ
̬ӵƣ̬ԣɫί٣Գ˺֯ҵǿ̬ȲΪ⣬ƽ֚㿪ڲŻ˵ͷûǹ˵˼˼Ϊɱ֯ﵯԪףǳ֡áеһʵǿǲеΨóʺϵѡ
ʲô̸ۣһϺͿ˵˵ĻĴ󽫾׼𣿡ŭɶǰסŵҪȭ
֯Ҳˡʮδ죬С첲Сﵲס佫
ű˵Ǻ޾⣬Ƿ𿴵һеĹЦݡ
ƽ֚һͬʱЦһ£ͨһ£ȻһǰҸס˵һֻ۰ǿн
ˣ侲һ£ȻǳĻģ֯Ҳ洦ƽ֚ͼ˵
𣿡΢侲ûٳ嶯ȴЦŲϷƽˡղŹ˿յת˳ΪĻֱأڡ󱱡ľҹҿԽܣԪѡϡˡΪһ֯ļҳǲ׷׵ģ
ƽ֚һ֪ͣλظ
һ״Ĺͨת֯ҽ͵ǵȻֹͣɼס˳˵׷ҲҪиĽʶ֯𡣡
˵ǰ֯ҧ촽ҡԥ˼Ĳ鲻Ըε˵ͷҲ侲һЩɣҿĻĽֵÿһµġвͬĿǨŭŴأֻǴ˶ѡ
Ҳֻɿ֣˺δǸҲûֹ֣ͣС߶š޳ܡĻ
ƽ֚Թۣų˼Ȼ˵Ļ֯ҲûֹǺαҪûȤأ
һתһתƽֺ֯ؿ˼ΣǷһ˿ζЦݣ񣬶Źҵĳһʱ߲ЩʩҴϣҪϡ
񴨴˲ˡֻŲŲæ˹½΢΢̧ͷգֳһеĳȻ̬ѹ˻֮꣬ʲôûмأ֯ﵯѣλʧ̬ҲǺģϷһȰɣҪȥģΪӥһ緢Ұֻʳ
۲ֻʳľ飬ȷʵǹұȽϷḻҵȵȷӦúúѧϰԲļ
˿֯Ҷеˡ
ǰƾųֵܵĹϵвˣҲûزɣǶĻѷֳƽ֚㣬ֱС
ֻΪѹ̫󣬿Ʒˡ
Ҳ˺ɰ
֯ԥһ¶ĳȥǳˣ侲һ㣡˽ʱ̣Ҫˣ
ǡɫ˼£ޱصͷʧ̬ˣ¡
ǺӲ̫ĸоǷû֯ѿ
ǱܵŲŭ״Цʵ˵ûЩĻϳӣȷʵϰ˲ֻʳһнľ֮ˣѵ˵𣿳˻ĻųܰɣΪ֯ܿĵѾɣȰһ䣬ΪʤʱˣЩȥȥΪֵӢ̫ˣҿȫӰˣ
㣡ŭĿԣһ۲סƢתмһڣֵ
һȴ˼صͷ
֯һϢ̫ˡı飬װ򶨵ôװ
õƽ֚Ȼϴˣ˿ŲĪѾ׼𣿡
ƽȻ鴫뷢԰׵һЦû˾֯һɣڼȻ֯ѾɲóͬżҲ֯ҵˣѾȥεĵˣų֮⣬ȫҵû뵽Ϊҵĸ˱һòЩͷȴǱĵķ߶ֺãڴ˴кأоһִĻˣѰһƹŷɡףزҲûʲôָˡ
ۿ˷ŷҵһ˸߹һˣ˶ʼе㲻ˡ
ſЦ˼ʹ࣬ŭƬ֮Ȼڵϣһ
æǰϸ֪ȫȻϢˡ
ƽ֚㲻ҡͷԸпУǣһȫȷʵǡڽɼ


ڶʮ 죨£
³ʮһ磬̾ھ֯ӣܼƶǧˣ׼ҵóݡ
һյĽоɽǡ߽Ľ洨ɽǸʱرϷʮԼ8ԶֵзɲټԶϡǳҵģƺȷѾ۷ˡ
ƽ֚˼·ȽԾвĵˣٿԽǰĳ֡
ߵĲߵĵɭɳƶ̫Ҳ֪Ƿ񻹻šڴȻȥ͸һ㣬ɭֻ˵รˡ
ƽ֚ԴҪδ󽫵ģҪת˵飬վһ޷ƹȥĴ̣˴ɷ羰ذ˵˳վͺˡ
ǣƽ֚㲻òƴǣֱ֯룬ǿͬ⡰Ҫ֮ʱΪʸһЩοĽ顱
Ҷ֪Ϸ˷ѱĽʱ䣬ȻҶòȥ˲˼һ仰ӰǷǳ΢ġȲϹ˵Ļٻڶȥһ˵ˣҲزǰˡ
⣬ĻϳųϵھУҲ˾Ԣⲻ飬˼ɻ䡣
ڣʱ֮⣬𽥴洫ĶǺϢ
ҰΪĻʾ˿ͷϵӵҲ˵ٲ֯ΪУྮҪ١μҵڵǶĻ𾴵ģϱǧˣͣ
͵㶼Գʾǧˣ̵˵ҪԮеЩȣΪһֱΪϺ갵п϶ʲôıû뵽ô޹
ֿ֮ʼá
ԶĵطʱղϢŨ֮ʱӦòᵹͶ򳯲ּ˰ɣƱҪ֮ǰҲȵһ¡
ϲѶǡҵʤˣ
ȷе˵ӴеĲѾ֯ҵģ
ƿľʮֲУ¶ˣྮкǰҲӪྮǰҲˣŵʮױԹҲʡ
ôǻŻˣ
ȫ¶Ƥˣųʱ
Ŀǰ£һ˶Ǻܵ顣
ʱʮһ賿Ѿع⣬˶ϵоӪ档˺֯ӯжһͿʤųǲͷأޣֱܡ
һ侲ʾڲ˴֮ʱʲ˰ʲôڵ˵Ϣܹ֮ҵ𣿡
˵⣬ǲʤҲ֪صģʰĨȥˮսܣҹȻԴҲò˵³򡣡
֯ҵͷʾ⣺ľ߱ɱʤŽ߱ɱɽѸߣʵʼδóйġ
ĻҲڴܡʤǺͷŭߣǴͨʵȴ󵹸꣬ҹ˴ʧˣӦӲϾ˵Ҳù췴˰ɣ˺һԸӲŽޡΪʲôôңѵ˵Ѿƽִ˻񴨴˽ô
εؽӹͷǲ֪ͨʲô㱾Ѿ֧֯ˣҲõϿɡ
ʲôȻ󾪣תΪŭɶѵǸӸվһߵİϷһʤнڱסҵóѣҿɱ˵һݣ
һ治üͷǼΪӵġô˵ȥ׷˵ĶѾûʲôˡ
֯ҲɫϾرʾʱȶ֮Ҷ᲻ϧһֶ׷ɱ¼永ߣҪǱסҸµĻҵΪҿκʱͣĻı
ˣȻٵ˵Щʲô׷׽עеǰսٱ˵ġ
֯鱨ܾơҲûƴǣʲõվӹͷǰڸ°̽ʧǱ˵ǲԤԱһĿǰóݵľԼһǧ֮䣬ʮָӣҲɢλں󷽵ǣǰ涼Щں֮ڡ
üϣˣзĲӴʱƴգЩأ
һ㵣һ˿õ飬ӻش˵óʱǧĸľءŽ߱ҵˣжǧ񣬼ԼǧǸǰĶЩС˾ģҪλڴľǡլһͼңҲͳơ
ⲻǱƷһȺ֪֮ǰҲŲұۣ²ۡ
һҡҡͷضЩ˼Ķ񵳣뱾޵ľɵаɣȻں֮ȴҲδغöԸóȺס棬ƵҾ෽ȥ
˵ûԳ˲̫һ滹ͦݻر˵իٲеոҰ͡ǲеƳɳ֣Ȯɽ֯е˾ӪУЩ˿ɶǺöԸģҲ֪óݴҳģ
ܲһƹȺѡֱȡóأͻ롣
Ų۵ྮ̾˿ش𵽣ûô򵥣ҲǴһβ֪ڿûдɽ󴨣ȴϪΪˣòҪ׷ֱ
Ҳ̫߹ǣʤ̲ס廰Ȼô˵ҿѣҾõзս壬ֻҪٷ󵹸ͻҾһʤ֮
ʧأܱܲʦȥԿ½ĵأһɣŲ˵ǳҲԶǷ֮ϻóݣ
϶ص˵ͷȻЩƺõİ취ˡ
һƽ֚´ǲΪȻԥǷÿѣȴ֯ɫصҡҡͷڵλѵôǰĻѾҪóΪɱ¼ôսΪɼأƽ˵𣿡
ͻȻͱƽ֚Щʼϲ
Ī֯취ֲѺ
ҶʵҲס
˼֮࣬ƽ֚δ飬ػ˵ǣĻΪҪҧóǴɱ¼ףΪμҪ󱱵˼·Ϊ󣬵ʵֲ㣬ʺϵӡӣ֯ҵƱǷ̩֮ƣΪ˶ึһۣҲֵõġĿǰóݣȡؽ֯ҵľηΨһص㣬ںȥԸ½ĳ֡ôѵٲʿ𣿡
ˣ֯ûٸʵĻᣬŴվȻóѾΪɱҸףôǾͱ뾡ȫȡ׼֯ҵıؾ֮·


ڶʮ սһ
Ԫʮһգ֯ԳΪȷ棬һΪη棬ľһҾ֯ҽսɽ£ƽ֚ΪԤӴ档ྮǰսӳɽ
Ϊ˷ֹзսһ֮ȷս
񴨸ԴžȡʱڻзΧں֮ڣ֯¶ΪնóݱϮʱƽ֚ҪΪ֣ҧסзȴ񴨻ԮΧһµз󽫡
һͼʮȻǳŪյĲԡ
óҲǸḻϽˣܿ֯Ŀģ֪ǸնҲпܲòȥҧһڡ
ΪĴ֯Ҹѡ
ȻҵʱܺãýܸìܣɹռлľغŽ߱ͶһӴδȡþԵսĿǰ֯Ļعںãִ˴ƽѾתˡ
ȻұǾһ飬Ҳʵʶѡ
óʼռбأֱϮĻ֯ҵֱ񲿶ӾնͻӣƵγɼл֮ơ
֮ռƵһֱսȣӿռϱȶԷռƵһ뼯ƱıʱڴսսûоԵĸߵ֣֮Чȡںܶ಻ɿصء
˵վ֯﷽ĽǶȣһǣһ񴨱зӱסҵıȴ֧ŲסǿɾͲðˡ
׳ʱ񴨡ﶼʾԣ֯ҼҪûס
ΪļҶӮһ𾴡֣ܲҪսʤ

ʱѾ𡭡ʱȥֳĲò͡ʱ뼴ĵ㣩
ƽ֚һҰɽ趨أȻ˵ġǧﾵ۲ܶ򣬹˲ͷϵաǲ⺹䤱ֻԸ˼仰ÿڸ
˳ִùˮңšƿŷѾǿտҲˡ
ǰǡ
ƽˣɣղűڸһСٲ˳־ͶһЩˮá
ˣƽ֚Ҳû˭ӹ«㵹˼ڣž÷֮Խ⡣
ŷǰԼļҳǹͽ
ûĻҲ˾ˡ
Ƕͨ֯ҵƹϵվȽŸģ֯ѣų˶뾩ΪʣĻȨṹȻҲ˱仯
ǰѶĳЩڲӪں޿κΣھһһˡ
ǹĻ˵ϸϸТǵ걳Źӳˣܻõԭ£ȴûôˡ
û˿ɽֻƾ蹦˵ˣԾʹ˽֯УԿͽж
֮ܶʷĳһµǱ㽹ͷöҲѹ˶ȥԸµˡ
ǼҳȴȼҳǸⱰ΢̬棬̲صĿɶҰġ
ƽ֚ƣֻ˵˾䡰͡㽫˼Żص档
ʱﳤǰѲӣյŲϣ㰲͸һԣɽһȫװޱعأƽ濿ʯϰһҶӣװĲɵʵԾԾԡԶһ㣬ҼΡءٽȱ󽫸¾ʱ׼ǹǴڸǰϣֵһֲλá
ڹˣƽ֚ʵǺԸæ˳ԼӰġȻսգо׶ԸδؿסʵڲÿͽҪλãǴӮ֮ժӵʱ򣬷һˡ
ȴ˴죬Ҳ֪оǷԤжֻǲܵǰߵϢ
񴨴˹ɰݣߵԼʮˣ
˹ǣȡʿɱʮ
дɽ¸һɵоնʮˣ
׷гѳһ11ʼ
񴨴ڴһзԮݻж
翪ʼ½һЩݱģȫλս٣ʵ᲻𾢡⵹Ҳϡ棬ǰĵ˱ɢں֮ڣɢʮСݵأ˴˼ûʲôϣһȥû̫Ѷȣ˷ʱѡ
Ϣʼ˵ˣһս̫һóݿʼսɳԮзӱѹ֮Ҳγɼš
սƽ֯ҵıǰƶظѾøԶˣƽ֚Ҳ˾룬ԤСзǿϮҷ󡱵ԤвûӦļ
ѵóݿն˼ӹص˼·𣿡ƽ֚㿴սһȷǿԶЩʱ䣬ȻʧȥΨһƴһĻˡ
ǡӲĥǳңվһߣʱˡǹ㲻̫ŵزһ䡣
ƽ֚ҡҡͷⲻ̫ʵǳ֯ΪУҲӦԼαҪóݺ档
˵Ҳǡǹ۵㡣ƽּҵļҳѹû˼
Ȼƶ˼ƻҲû©͹ִаɡҹóԲ֯ұĻ͵ÿǸıսˡƽ֚۶ϡ
ֵԼһʱյµϢ˵ǶԷɳԮź֯ţǰɢӱҲչʾһս
Ǵɱס񴨡Ϯ˳ˮ۵ıƽ֚ʶķȻܾﲻԡ
ʱɫѾ˴룬ȻϢֳȥ׼ӦʱܵҹϮ
常ôǣʵڲζ˲ҹϮɴҹϮԷôƽ顣
Դ˚ԥҡͷܾϤĵΣþڹ컯֮£ʵʵسҪҹսսҪȥҹսսˡ
ƽ̾˼һ᲻𾢵ӣǸ㲻ôһӾͱôıңȴʹϣʵǱ
̫ˡʱһмսˡ
ޣ常˼ǣó𣿡ϲüҵı顣
㵭һЦҲ˽óݣҲиģб·ǶνˣԷȥǾͲòȫˡ
˼䣬ͻȻʴŵһʯż˽ڵأո֯Ҵ˱Ĳ෽˵оټԷװ񣬻ΪǱйӽĿʱᣬǰûвҲԶ϶ģǧˣҴǰƻжѾ֪ͨ񴨡˴ǰΧˣ
ˣƽһĴ常óݹȻıûʲô취ǸϽְɣ
ƽ˿Ҳ빥֮Уͽ˽վ˳
ɽһᡢСгҲĿ⾼ս֮ⲻΣǰϴδܵ˻û
Ψһͽǹûôüҡͷɣװ磬Ϊ㣬ȷʵԲҲӰ켺ս֪ҷôɣ֡
˵ǣҲЩΡƽ֚ǵĵʾͬô졭֪ͨ١Ұڡɼԭԭƻ֧ԮܵеıΣŰ磨ҼΣࣨأٷָǰȥӦƻص񴨡Ȳ
ǲ߲ԭмƻܴľȥִнӦЩͷԡ
ۿƽ֚࣬ƶ˾ԲҲ


ڶʮ ս򣨶
Ȼƽϼ쵼ǻʮģ˵ɾطܳҵԼļҳԸһֱĩɶŲغڣָʾﳤʢȥﳤһѻ·׼
ɽһᡢСгϵһƽּطȥ֪ͨ˰ҼΡںټԸǹ㣬ǹ˵ˣܼԼһǧˣ󲿷ֶƽּҵľ
һɹǿ֪ˡ
ƽֶ֚ӣĸΪģҲָнֹ޷˴ҪԵֲźá
ϰҹδãͺѽӽӯʵǿ·ġһǧˣרŷֳٸһɫչŻ˸ʱʱ֣Ŀѣһȥֻ֪ƽּҵĲӣȴȫʶ𲻳ģġ
˰ӣǻӵӣҹռ˵ƽԭ֮ϣֱˡƽȻŵȴҲɵϻʼվòԣ˼Ȧǰ㽻˵μпԻһЩؾŽ
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ƽʱƽҪˣҲ˲϶죬æʣôʹˣôǶΣһֱĩСӻðɣ
ҼεĲӵ֮ͺˣǹУȻɱȡ˵з󽫵׼þҲͳױˡðɡֻʣ׷ˮҾûʲôȤˡɶŲϵĲôزסġ
˿װ赭дںӣ䵽ǡһʮ߸ܻˣ˶ѣӦܼࡪǸзϰɡ
˵һ䣬վ©һ֮⡣
һ©Ҳڲס̿ɶŲصۿͺˡ
ƽͷ̾һָоԵ˵ս壬µ飬ȥһֱĩͳ׼ʱŵ
áǿɶŲƽһô˵


ڶʮ ĻӮңϣ
һ֦
εǰ߼սʱ֯ҲܵҹϮܿ㷢ǰĵ˲ǹŪɱѣ֪ϵǸϽת
սϣһʱ죬ȦףǧܵشʣܻѲ٣Ǳʧȥơһ浹ǱһĻͽҲǿϮȴһֱάϵδңڿɽܷΧڣǧˣд֮ս
۵ƽ֚ǰƾƣһ֧ǧ˵ı𶯶ӼʱóݵĲá
ͯε˵һսǿ̻񴨿סߣȡ˵з󽫣һٽ仨ˮǰóóıԶսսָӹٵͷø
׼ֻϣסʱ䣬뵽ͽֱ屾ķʽȡʤ
֯ҡƽ֚Ŵϵ֮ʱսֵĻѾֶֻʣϲּ׷ееĻˡ
׼飬׹Ծӣƣƽ˵۳󣬷ǹĻĻأ׹ƽˣҲƳ£Ҷѡ
ӲԸ񣬱ôάһҵסæȥƽǧתʮսٽδҲ
ǴΪ̸żǱߣ޵Уңȴͨīݣһսͨնз󽫣ǻǫãϧֱûбϴͳŵڼֵ۵Ĺˣ
ų֮е㷢ҪĹ
ϧλǣ񶼲ȫ֯ҵˡؼʱҲܲôˣ
ռ׼֮һľɽС档֯Ϊ飬ƽɣΪľ˫赡
飬Ȼǻֲ̧ҪǮƨҪж١
Ϊ֮һĳƽ֚㲢̫ˣԵ̬ȶüװֱ˵ؾͿ˵ɨ˵Ļ
ȡóֱŽ̡ﴺ١յʿһʮȴ©Ҫ֡
˵˵ĳڲˣƽֱ֚֯ҵµس
ָó𣿺ܿϧڱ˻ľصЭ£ٴ֮زز˵֯ҲЩźˣȻѾԴԪףûץסȷʵ
һ濪λ赣ǣᶨӲӣɨˣóһӻȥҲûʲôɵĵġ
Ҫӻȥͺˡƽ֚⻰üͷøֻһһﱻʲô˸ɵ˼ҵĹѫ
⻰˾һ
ƽ֚㻰Ȼ˵ڣҶóνʲôˡָľǴӲĥ۷ǳˣ
ǳҼˣסó㣬ɾͺˡ
֯ҵϣһʱ䣡ȲŶԸߵĳ֣ʱҪþһа취ڵߣؽóҵ
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ԭһգѰ޹ӵϢ
ɱԪóݣǳɱ
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ѯǳΰ쵽ģŽʼ֪˲õϸڡ
ԭȻʮǰű˳ңͶ˾ҾֵĻľأһڽ˵ڶε꣬óݳǳ
ϢȻ൱ơ
ƽ֚ͻȻֻһ顪
ԭʷϣľغͺٱƺʶ޻˵֪ѣһϷӰƷеõ˳չʾںٱѾǳĸˡ
ôһ룬ӽ鳷ˣų̣¼ķչ棬ǳҵݶ΢ѽ
һϸڵĻ
һϵбҵԴԽɼ߷뱱ضҾȥ·òˣŸ˵˿ɳ֮ɼĶ򣬲δõȷϡֻǳҵزǴϢԲòԲš
ƽ̲֚סеɻ
أ޲Ŀɿڴš
һҲҡҡͷ˵һֱɼϢмٵģҪ˵ȫǳŪȦףίʵš
ܿòˡ
֮ʱ֯ҵϯ鱨յŨ洫ļҪ˵ļ飺
һּҴԽǰһ·ߵϽ᪸ǹֱвó˵ɭɳɵ׼֯ؾʿµĶϺ󲿶Ѿȫ
ڶرǳಿԳ֮ΪףѾȻ˳־ӪȫɻɵɭɳɵҲйء
ڳִУûпɼӵĺۼһԽĴڣǲȫڲҲûбҪڲصģΨһ;֧Ӳڡ
ģ֯鱨֯⵽ⲶɱõȷˣѾҵҴߣԱα¶ġ
̶̵ļ仰Ϣʵڴе㾪ˣѾȫȻľ
ΨһǿǺϢǣΪ֯ұվ̨֮ŨΪ׵Ũջûꡣ
˵ó֮ǰĵȻԳΪټǳܱȶɼǫǿ
ǣһϵ˺޷ֲġ
ԽԷƺ飬ŻзֱųڻصƣŸ˴̿Ϳɳ֮
Ҳ˵ȫȦ׵ˣ
֯϶ȵˣϺףã˵һ
ϲɴĲʤҴΪŭҪǳţȻûκӪ
һŵı飬סҡͷ˵벻ʵ벻Ȼôչ
ƽ֚㾡Ҳļ٣緢еһɵ㣺λ⡪ǳľ׬óݵ׼޷ΪȡáΪ֯ұ𡯵ֶѡؽǳȻ˳־ֶ˵ʲôã
˷һʱ壬޷˼ڱ֮Ӧ
ǲʤңλǵô͵㣬һֱŸĻ̬ȼҷ֮ǰȴ͵͵ͨǰ꣬Ͷá
ʤֱͨܺߣԴӡǼΪ̵ġ
ҲδעĲãֻǵĸӲҲпܡһ油䵽֪ͨһóݹϵܣ丸Щͬ
ƽ֚һƶ˵ֻǡ֪ĸͬҲǿα״أټ٣ʵں˵尡
˱̸ҵ飬ʵǳҡ
Ȼڳ̲סˡ
Ҳۡǳңʲô֯Ҿ侲ݻǲסش£˵ǱǶǣ


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ɭɳɶǹܾĳߣǵ֮ļܺ˵ս֯¼ΪʹġȻųΣ֯Űʹ微ʤɥҵ񾭲òôִѾ޷ıϲӦ
οδΣδûߵʱ
ǳңʲô˵ǱǶǣ
֯ҵҳǸе޷ش
ڵľʵǺѰ졣
ӸϸϿǳҶ벻޹ˣųǿ϶һĹȻ֯ҵʵʵڲ̫ȥµˡ
ǡôűӲ׷ôҲ˵жôңһԷôߣӶĸСô죿
һԴֺƵĲʤҲֻװδҶ˵ˡھȻʮģڵٵǲ̳ܵ粨ƾ;ѧӦġʵԴӵ֪ųѽĻľ֮󣬲һľ״̬һֱܲԣʱʧǣʱ
һܵ֯ҳڴĿ⡣һֱ˵ɼ֮¶м١жõʵ֤ΪӮ൱ӡ֡
Ŀ£ʮּķһյĽأ綼ҿñ˴֧ǳѡһ볯ּҺϱĻ
ֱǡλ˼װȥˣ̲סտʱϰԵʮǿӲǵĿǰĴתΪͣҾովսٵҪ죬£Աǣʺȥµǳսʵǳڲһìܣ곤λʱǿ丸ӵģڸҲδһİ
⻰˵ʮеǳƾģֶʮѷ£ƾʤŴλǼңתƣһλû˱ȵùͷĶˣʵҲ֯ҵİս񣬿ǱϾģ״̬ˡ
֯ҶʱΪѣ֪˵ʲôˡ
Ϊһȱ㹻츳;жϷӣֲ߱ҳӵسķʮּ֡
ƫƫ۱ͷĺ¡᪸أۣëֻ̲ڲţƫ鱨Ӧ档
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᪸ҲǺҪĹۺϿҳϣ˺¡⣬벻ڶѡˡ
ĸ߹֣ǹҲ飬һֱоĵŸ˵ķӦʱ񴨲ͬ֯ԾϣվԼĴڸУ
֯ҵĹְˣǳȻȴҲ̫ηˡҿǳǰԳƣˣӦûⱣֳĬװ۶ܸ֯ĳ룬ԶԶҪȳָ࣬ԣ˳£
˱ҲҪһģЩûϯ
˵ǣǴ˰֯˼һ˵ͷ׷ʵֻǲ֪ԷθھжҪٳ㹻أ
ǹ˼һǳļҵǱ忤ϸոռĲĥԶң֮أ˻ľҲͶǳôǲ˳ˮۣ֧ǳҶһռУҲһһƬĻᡭ
ʵ뱱мȻɽǹѾԶˣ
֯˴ԱʾԽܣǱͲΪͼıضģȻø
һȴʾɣֻ˳ˮۣ軨׷ˣǳĻ𣿳óϽĲأԷŻǵĳɣ
ûҪúÿǲаʤһμ˷Ų˵̬ʮֿʧȥϽ޷ٴֱ᪸ﾩˣԵ͡ڡȪصĺҲʧȥӰ
֯Ҳˣüëҡҡͷֵͷ֪Щʲô
ңĿ⻹ǼδԵƽ֚ϡ
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λس׹ø֯һ𾴺ΡȻ˵ˡƽѾӦĻֱ֮󣬴Ҿûôദˡ
⼸죬ֻҪüޣƽ֚Ͳվ֯Ҳز֡
һȷʵܶ񶾡
֯ǻ۵ļҳһˡ
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ǴԲǳȷʵڴ۶ΪʵվĿǰֻּۻ۶ѣ
ѡıߣ̲֯סʣϣ֮ɫ
Ȼ֯ζǳ֡ƽ֚Ȼ֮䡣
һʾʣƽǻۣȻԶڱ֮ϣܷҵ߽Ϊǳһѡ֯أ
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Ǹд󵨵⣬̲סֽŶҪ̲סҪ˵Щʲôȴо޷ȼĶԻȥ
Ȼᡣһѹػش𣬡ѾõĻ˿ڣҲóݣʿѾأ㳯֡ǳ֧ӣ˷ܣܹβšŨƱأǰʯĴ
ˡƽ֚㻺ףȻ޷Ӹϻ֯ôǳͻˡ
ʤһη֯βԶڱ½ǳȡôޣ
ȡҲҪ㹻ʵƽ֚̾һ׿Ŵ⣬ޱ飬ˣĻѾ̬֯õĹ죬ǳʵܵõֵ֧ԮҲȫ㹻ȱֵѹںѽ
˵ǰƽ֮ǣ硣ˣǹȱ˵ˣϿҵϹʾ𾴣ǳǵվڳһߵĻǵĴ߱ɱ˽ںòȥ޲ˣдпڽάһ棬һʧȥ֣ڣпݹˡ
һһҲͷ
ʤʾͬ󡭡ƽ˵úеʵҪò£ǳӦñǣ
ƽ֚һ˵֯ݣ޷Ļ˵Ļ
ǹλŵùĻԸҳǰ˵Ϊִµ˴ͬȥ
ǡ֯ǣȲδõ˵Ȩɣôǽگ֮𣿡
ȥնɣòõһͷĻᣬǹһ㶼ԸֵģǶ֯ﶼ飬ˣҲģ


ʮһ ĻӮң£
ǹ̬ȴҺ֯ˡ˵ʵҲҲʵѡͱɹȥʹˡ
ԤķĻݣҪǳʱ䷢һͲұµ̬ȡ
ʮ̡
˴ȱп˶ã˵ʱ󣬶û˵ӱ̧ҲҪǹһȥȻսĲпԶк⡣
˾ֻܾȴˡ
˿֯פ򶫲ӽɽǡڶĽ֮ϢԱ£С
ǳڳ;֮ͣԼʮ22ĵط˫ľ˵ԶԶ˵΢
֪޵ĵȴᷳģʱҲûбİ취룬ȫʵڹƣֺͻˣսǺͣҪټſԼһж
ϣִ᪸µϢ
ڵ鱨ԱܵĲɱ⼸֯ҴҪ飬ɼʮȫװѺżôȷ˰ȫҲԽٶȡ
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˫᪸ǵϷʮԼ54⣬ųչ͡¡㣬ӱֻһǧǴԾƶյзٳð֮ʱ䱡ڣҲʾͬ
ԱĲϧ˲߱㹻ȥѹŨϼҲȫԾƲĳּңսδñܲɺӷȻ˳Χս
ŵҶһؾ͡ƹΪ˾Ԯѣ׷ײгŨڵǧȫԭߡǵսǺǿѹסĵбҲѾ¶˳
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԰ڴָ𣬰ҲԺʮֲȴͬضа޲ڣɴָеشٺˣ
ǼһھǸˣ֯ҵļҳ㡭
Ϣʱ˲û̫ȣҪĿɿڴĴ̫࣬ѾǿĿԡ
амֽƽ֚ȴɵҪһЩ飺˵вϳˣԭų̫ǿӲͶãµ̫࣬ԳͷΪײΪţġ
ųľĻ㡢ɭɳɡ微ʤ̫֯޷ǬٶϡҲаûǰ̨ķâͷųˣ
Ũݾ꣬Ҳȵľһᡣ
ѣһˣѣһɳ졣
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֯ҼЩԥҳѯΡ
ʤ˵ţͨȷʵǲɶõ˲š
һ򲹳䵽ţһҪãͱΣ鰵Ͷˡ
΢ָĳҲͣˣųǰ˵Ե֯ļϣֻδʱ
֯ա֯ʱһֱھ»ϷԵһڣ微ʤλߵ侮Ϧ֣ϴڱͷݳˣҲаۡ
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ƽ֚㵱ȻҲûҪŸɣҽһŨѾ˲ȵļ󣬶аŨĿӵкܸߵĵλֲѺۡ
⻰֯¶˾ģ˻ţͬнƸаˣú¡ҪĽ顣
յôҪĴš
ǵ֪ԽɼǫŵĶڸģǼһܵǳҵ룬µ׼һڵǧྰף˵Ӵʹŵ⽻ʣûв˵˼ʹŵƲȣ㳷ˡ
һ˵ѷ֮󣬴Ӹظġ֮ʦ½ﾩĿǰѾӽˡЩǽͷݰĹȻûʵҳϣۼֻ˳˳ˮʹˮһ˵ġ
ǣ鳷˵ԭίˮˣȻĻıҲܲµһЩͷ
֮ܶ˰ɥں޵˼㣬ųľӣ㡢ɭɳɡ微ʤ֯Ű˱ɱȫжʧ˵зļ¡
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ʮ賿ǹȥ˵ˡҲĸ֡
ȻǳҲֱȥҺ֯ңɷнµ˳ŵǰˣԳƣ֯ﵯı̾ûһϵᳯҽţǰ˽ǳޣϾ֮꣬ԸԴַŻΥ𣬻
߶ַ֪㲻͸βųĳζûʲô𡣵ȼü֮ҪΪģ׷˿
֯ЩпΣ֮ʣǰǣУ־ʿȻҪлƽ֡񴨶λķսն񱨣Ϊ֯ѪߣҲǵġܵĽѣԻģպķܷ


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Ԫ꣨1570꣩ʮգ֯ǳӷҵ̣صѡ
ʱ֯һ£ܼǶǧȻ˲ٵʧ㽫ϾˣǳǵõľصͶó׼֮ŵһǧңԽΪĥڡڴ֮
˫ղظһľ룬˴˿Ϳ໥Ÿ߶Ⱦ裬ƺʱܻͻϮ
֯ڻǳų̵¼йأǳ֪֯ڻǳų̵¼йأ֯Ҳ֪ǳ֪֯ڻǳų̵¼йء
ڵﾩ֮䣬֯ǳʱ䣬ٴеԼһ档
ֳǿ֪ġ
²δǳ̫ԺۼȻһῡӢǷͶ֮š
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ȻҲⴿֻǳá
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˵˼亮ѵĻ֯ҵѾе㷢ˡ
ȻǳͻȻװһΪصı飬űߵ˵˾⣺֯ﵯǳ͢ĻĶǱ֣֮£ҵʵھʹϧ޲֮ҺǳҵõӣȡԪóݵ׼ҲΪһ飡
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֯վ̲סͨ죬ҧгݣ˵ˡ
ǣһûܹ
˲ΪǸ޾ԴóʮɥλٹĵӺͼҳĻɣ´ҿ꿪ʼ⵱ʻｻȥ֮֯ʲôֵͬأ
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ϧǣûпԤеĺٱ
ǳĽӳԶֱֱĴҰԱˣ⻹ڱͷľأĥڱͷΣҰĲļһﶼѾʽ뵽ǳˡ
಻סƽ֚ǰֱ˵ط˵ʱǰ˵ĥиٱТߵˣľ߲Ÿɣ֪Ƿߣ
ԭ־ǳ㶣һ˿Ȼɫ΢Цҡͷα飬ش𵽣ٱȷʵҾУںѺݣǼ˵ġ
⻰ƽ֚ᡰһ΢΢ҡͷʾź
֪Ϊ˶ԷѹǳʱͽҴ˵仰ȥ
֮֯ҵ˶Դ˲⣬ǸľڣƽӺδ˵ĥ˵ģΪͻȻдһأĪǴǳеʲôҪְѵ±йأ
һ˼һ˵µǼǵôһˣǼ·С¼ҵļҳǳ˵һâ¶ӱˣǳǰΪֻǲδ˵ίʲôҪְ
Ǵĳ˴ż˵ġƽ֚㲻ڴˣת˸⣺˵ղǳǰ˵Ĺ۸УƺΪͬ˰
ʤ̾һʮָӡ
һֱԲ䣺ΪܾصȻǰһЩ
𡭡֯ҽҧ촽Ȳεɫ
ųŵʱǳȫ㲻ϾأʱǳҶѹƵսս̻ɹˣȥĥҲΪǰĽɫ˶ֻ֯ҵСֵܣƽ֡˵λ̫ࡣ
ƺȫˡ
ȥ˽֮ңųͻȻ̣Ϊ˰ĲòǰĻľʾ⣬ǰǰһϵս£֯ҵͻȻͿʼˡ
Ȩĸҡˣ׳Ǽ֧ϵҲָԵ⡣微ʤ˳͢Ұɽɭɳɶؾİ֯ŰϲʵȨߣЩһͬʱȥʧݡ
һģƽ֚㱻תңŨڵ̬ҡڣ޽Ҳȱ㹻η֯ȻƺʱзֱΣա
ĻĹֺ֧ǰԱķսɹΣ˭ұ֤ûһأ
һ֮һѣ֯һ㹻ĳȥҵĶ֧𣿻㹻ıȥóֵȼĵ
Ĵ𰸣ȫٵɵôˣ
֯ұͲһ㹻ŵˣԵãˡ
һ·ߣĿĵشԼһ11ʱֽӵµ鱨
Զĵ´ҲѾϵ˾ھۼ֧֯ҵѾϣȴҾ͢Ҳλ󳼣ȅɽصĴƷˡ
Ϣʱ򣬱ʮϲõģֻΪ֯ҵָδʶء
֯ͬûж롣
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ʤҺһͬʱüܵЩԾ˵
ΨǹһΥ͸еԴˣųտӭҵȰʦȴǾۼȺ򡭡
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ԴӱӵѾȥ࣬Ҵû˸߲ң˷ŷҵĳ̶ȡ
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һҲ̫ܸһƺԽҹսĺϷ
ΪΪĹǵĵ徰Ѿ޴ˣս˼ȥ齲ͣϤĹĻˣί˸ɵĸɮ
ϧȫ棬һɼԾܾ
£ųּҵȫĻ̻̣ϵĴ󽫳־ѹסơ
Ǹųȡ˵ɭɳɣһ·ȴڡ᪸ǣŨʧܣֲҶԿĻ֯ı֮󣬳ּıƺֳҪδսȰˡ
ʱ򣬴ĵǳˡ
ı߶ûô侲

ǳ׼ͬʱװ챾СĺٱҲĽǶƵ飬Ŀ˼
ڣΪһߣٱһ㶼ûиܵɾ͸Уĳ˴ܵ
ⷬﻮȻǴʤȻЧֻԤңǳȡ֯ƽܴȨǴﵽƽƽĵλ
ùеĵƺͳ룬ӰӴ˿ʼΪжҲ޷ơôۣȻֻƽƽʲôֵø˵أ
ɼסǹûдôãȻ֯Ű微ʤˣĿȴû֡
ѾӦȥˣȴʱڡԭΪֻѾϺͿ˿һΣǲС
ԸǸСͲ̸ˣӵô౾Ǯ˵ʲôҪд֣Լɼë֮һ룬Ż֯ﶯѹּǰųʱɾʹʯɽթǧǮ
ڽˡȅɽ֮ᣬЩĿǽͷݣָġ
üʢ߷˰İ̽û鵽õ鱨󵼣͹ƽ֚ĲžߣЩ¡
ղɱ̸֯֯ǴӰзڳϸڡ
ʵҲ̸ʲôڣֻǰЩĻ¼Ա죬ҳɵһŲѡ
ȵĻҲ൱ʮĵľˡ
ҺТжǷӹµ֮޴
һԶ⾴Ůˣÿ¾ҪȥͬһԺΰݣȻûбע⵽
˵ǳͽȻսѣϵ©ͦģʺΪݵ̨ʹá
Ҹȡ裬ʲôΡ㣬ôнյͷأȡ֮Ҳԭ´ϡٱġ
ʱ⼸꣬Ҫǳ빲һʱˡ
ãǳһ죬ԽԽߣȴȫȻο⵹ؿȥʲôǳȫó񣬱ȱʵ
Ȼ̨׵ĻҪ˳ȥ̮֮ʵδػʲô̫Ӱ졣
ٱСһתͷǳӪʣ׹⡣
ҪѸѹ֯ңǳλĻҪ֮һˡձǰˣǳԳƣѶĳ̶ȣòôȰ˵ͻԥͬɡ


ʮ ֮У
Ԫ꣨1570꣩¶ʮգ֮γڸϣųƶʮַּҵľ档
棬֯һɵĶ飬ռǧϣӽһıս⣬֮ȻʵųµļҲʮַġ
ȻƺȪ·ƽ֚ѾĻϽʤҡһ涼β󲻵֮ӣŨ̬£ĵ뱱ɽɭɳ굤ʤβڵᶨȴսޡĿǰֵ֯һź״ֻˡ
ʵһǰҲôɿΪвžߵ嶼췴ˡֻǽŰաŵ˲վǳ桢ųΡȵһչ¶ͷǣһġƽ֚֯ﳤ᪸սУһǧƫʦߵ٣ȡ˳ּ󽫣˼
ųȨʱҲûп齨ӴֱӣΪ˵ȨøŸʹָһˡ
Ҳսʱձ״˥һ
ԣӵһǧ˵ǳʵ֯ҵһ룬ȥй֮õóݵͷ֮һӴߵĳ̶ȡǳҵĺսıлľءδ򡢲ĥľݺǲ
ϸĻǳڲ֯ʵֻСģڣһⶼʱڸ
ʵﵱ´ҿռӵİ˳Զɵ̣ԱһǧңȻԵʵն뾩̫Զ̫񡰹Ϸֽ񴨡ĺѾˣ󳯲徰Ĵʾǣ׼̬´൱ܡֻһץ֯ȹ̺󷽣һɼǣơ
ԭ򣬵´Ͷŵʮޣǧһ㶼ǧ˼˼ڿֻͨͲ֮Ტۣڡ֯ɡආСܡ
ģ̡ɽԾ¡ﵺһȵȲô׽֯ңԸĻģʱ顰ɡֱҲֻǧɽǹڣһʿϲָӶ⡣
ʣµĻгྮҰִ͵ĳԹȺɣƽ֚㡢߶£ҷԴɡ˼һͬɰ˵ȥǺԽ֮սľ籾
ӴҵľäĿֹ۵ϲ㣬ӵĽ죬ɢʿ䣬ıƦ˳ѵǽͷݹڣȻľ̡Ĳ̡Ů
Խҹսȫ֡
ȱģ֮ʨ͵ػưˡ
ϧзԶԶ־ɳǣһĵĹضҡ
徰鱻ֻ֮飺һҸӵˣ飬ǸϽǰ߲ӳԽǰٷء
ϽŨһĳ־ȫתսƷ۷
ǳҲֻܸһܣǵ˿϶زסСȳǡ
ǣȷʤҡηǳ˵Ͻʱŷֵо֮ززˣֻץסٸɨսӱȫȻʡ
Ȼ󱨳еĲʤžǰ׷ˣǳҲնĸȥװ˵ʾ
̸ֽѶʱЩ񣬱ΪоڽӭսԲȡǰлĲԡû뵽ּ޳ܣɾˡͨúƺһΣˣ
ǽ˸Ͻȫ׷ö˲ǳθڡ
վƽ֚ĽǶȣ˵һһսϵٻӦǶģڡü䡱ȫõ᷸¿󽣵Ĵ󣬿ǻûüѵѾ˵˿ڡ
˰ɡѾȻǿоҲƾӦò
ٱȷʵǳȷʵһ顣ȻǶĶ㣬ڲעĿɵġѾƽ֚ԾԿԷĿģҲȡʵĴʩӦԡ
ȻΪˣûάӴĿࣩʮֵµģӵλö޷һʱ֪ƽ֚ϴǧҸѵоʱȥ̸۾ʵȴطԸﳤٺǧж׼
֪⼸쾩߰㣬һСۡ
㱻Ҳûʲô͵¼ԺѶԲʱ£תЯƽ֚㣬Ըس֮֮ĻĴ򣬲ΪСϸڶı䡣
¶ʮգǰߴҵϢʤر½׷سĳ־һ󲿶ľȻɱ˸ǹ⧲֮£۽ʿ˥γõ³
սϢһ൱塪ס׼ؾ볯ֽͣһȴȻƽ֚㷴Ȱ֮½
Ųʤ˴ԩ˵ǳͻȻңŵԼսܵġ
һû˼ʵǳһֱֻһ֧;Գǰзǲ˵ģױţŷɾ衣ͱ֧һѡ
ԴǳҵȻϡѾŴη涥ȥˣܵԪ֮ڴӪ޳ܣǳ볯ּս޿ĹѾ
ʵϴǰ߻˶֤ʵǳȷʵڹ֣֮Ŀǰ£ǳͲ֮ˡ
Ӧģʤҵһǧɡ俪ʼ˳Ц
û֯ﵯָӣƿͽ󣬿Ѿͷ˰
ǰȫ֯ﵯĹͰɣֻǴĶѡ
Ȼҽ˵⵽ѾǿЦ
֯ҵȻάʤҵʵ̫ˣ̳˰ʯȻڡ´ҿ㡢Ȼͬﲢսȴȫûսѱ˼
˴ܿԵˡʤҹķβʵ̫ࣨһֺܿųҪģĻٱձȱϵķȨ
ƽ֚˵˾乫
ǹֱβʿӬӪ飬а֮ơ
⻰˶ܽܡ
ʤң֯ңԼ֮䶷ˣе㰲ο
ȴܴᵽһβ䶷ûӵ˼
֮ܶȷսܲδӰ쵽ĽӵһǧĴηǳԸԳͷѾú⣬Ϊ֯ɷн¸Ĵ͵Ϸǰˡ
ƽ֚İݷ֯ҡ㡢Ͳ˳ˣͨżҳ㰲ﳤ׷ˡƻжźš


ʮ ֮£
ʱͷտɲСʲôҪ𣿡ǳһ˵һ¹ʮֲΪԿǲ밲μģܵ˶ӵǿҪŲòϡ
Ԫ꣨1570꣩³һϣҹɫʾѾѵǳӣڽ￤ĺĿɽĻ档
й֣⻪ºڷҹɱԽʱ´ѵͻǳԣǳҾǱˣ⴦עĿɽԻ˲ٹ
Ȼܻᣬǳ߾ֻԶ֪ΪʲôǳȴܴĲӣ˵Ҳǧ˰ɡ
׶ˡǳͷӰУԵʮɵֺһɹζϽĻں߰㣬˽С飬ǲע⵽ģע⵽ҲҾõ֤ݡô׾ƵսĲʤأ
⵹ǡǳ˵ͷ漴ҡͷ̫ܾû⣬ǿĲôʱ䣬һ˼˱˿ɾͲֵˡ
Ҷǳ˵Ǻ¡ǳܵ͵ؼˣǱǮ̫ˣȻҪһڷɣǾͱҪþСһڲأ֯ȻܵԶԶͺʧˡ
ŴԣǳüͷøˣԥƬ֮ӰΪʵûʲô˵ģϾҵϿɱǿˡΪһϼһܾã½ĥʯɽ֮ĲۿҲϣˣƶǰǳ˵ֱǲģǲǿһʱͣء
ǳ̾һڣֳźǽѵ׿֪ˮ۲ˡĵأԽҲԽ࣬ûлȥ躹ް֯Ұɣ֮ǰӵжʯʵճˣ̶ʱ֮ƾͲǰһˣ뵱áϸڣ
˵⣬ǳӵѹһʱ֪ôءƬ̲ЩʲԸؿڵһ䣺˵Ķ԰ҵȷˡЩͲ̸ˣҳ̸Щʲôأ
ȻֵַĻᣬǳ֮¡ǳȻɭͬʱĿƯһ˵ɣ
أܳһξɵˡŻ⿴˿ȥʮ꣬ǳȻɫͣŴüĿ͹ž޲˫ص㣬ǿ͸µĳߡ
ٱȻʩһ񣬿ڵǰڵǳӵԳƣڴ˼棬Ϊ鲢˳
Ҳǲ˳𣿡ǳúɻתͷһͬı飬ֻεҡҡͷС˵ĿδҲ̫һ㡭
Դ˺ٱδţԼۣԭĿ꣬֯ͬʱǳáֵ࡮ͳڵ֯ﲢδõĹҲֻռһֶѣֵַĹ̲ʧ
⵹ûǳʾͬҪôأƲǵһɣҪ취õ־ͷǼһʮֽģҶԾѾˣҸоʲô飬󵹸ҲδкܴЧ
ٱĵȴһ߶߶Ļ˵꣬ƿڣ־ǲġֻצѣԽǰҲкüܴδܴ󽫵ѡȡ徰ࡣ
ѰǳеΣȻȴں֮ڣȫɿҪڹ³ּҾӪõԽǰһǲܵġ
ֻ˶˰ǳͷӵһ㣬ҲԽƮ죬Īúܣȫűߡ
ʱٱζز׸ǳһ񣺡ӺĻ֯ﵯв°ıȻǳ徰ٴóݣŵ˭أ
˵ǳڸе죬һʱ벻׺⻰˼
˵˭ɼǫţԸ磿Ǳȅɽ߽Ļ
ǳѾȫ˼¶˾ġ
϶ʹµĲӺȻ̧˫Ŀð˵ľ⡣
ѣ·ٴɼϢ֯ﵯǱӴܵԪףǰ𣿡
ͬʱǳĵѳʡ
ӳ¹⣬һĻߡ
䡣
Ϊ˱ҹжǳûӴ޷
Ҳȫ벻ӻҪ
һ֮£ԴӾʹ˷롣
ǳȻɻ˼ٱ⣬˿ûоȻ顣
֮ǰʯ֮ѸȫӦ
ǳգҲǳˡ
δȥΪ԰
Ǻľ˾Ƶģһ䡣
졣
ǳҡ£ŷ·ǵ
װ
ŵ̾һԲˮڵϡ
ٱĿȥһ˿ת˲ŵıɫվȨ˵ǳѾкܶһʱͿǳɳͶģҹϮ־Ĵûᡭ
δõ˵ꡣ
ΪǳӦѹ˺ǣȡ³־׼ڽ
Լ࣬ȺٱĻʿЧҪһٱ
ޣҹϮ֣ȡ¾׼
ʿǷ׷Ӧ͡
Ȼ벻ǣոպ˼ںţȴΧ˻Ӧ
ǳҵǴԲѣֱ¡һ˵ĵ
Žһּ֧ҵľѾɱǰˡ
󾪡
ʲôٱȻѣŭʹٶβزԳµһ𣿻˵ҹѲӶɱǰ֪
ǳҲȻʧƬ̣Ӧϵ̫Цֱ¡ȵãȻȥ;һ̰ɣ
֮ӥԪսʤļ俪ʼã߱侲˲ɱ׼
ȻЩϣԽǰĳּѣʲôµģ
ǱˣڸϽתƲϲߣͲʰˡٱ˵Щʲôû˵꣬Ѿ
꣬Ѫ֮Уȫˡ


ʮ 
ǰųʮʵںϣ֪жбնԱڡھѾΪңһ·нϽʱ򣬸ǱңȮˡ
ֲ֮ͨˣҲԼȫ޷ƿסӣ֮±ʵ֪ͨӡ£ʱʱ桱
˼֪ǣ֮ǰһϣǳƽֵ˾Ѿôˣһ֯´ȵȶС
ǳںٱߥ£һϵ𶼹鵽Լϵϣ߱ɱ丸һձǳؽĲӣ˳ƹ֡
ֻǰһļƻչʱͻȻ˵оϮԽǰ½ֱ¡ľ񲿶ӡ
С½ܡ֮ƣߴͣվտºëʹһ磨Լ175ףĳ̫ǳƵȺǣ֧ͻȴռˡֱܵΡ¡ҲǺƥĶϽȫŸͷųսνǳּмȵ֮
ԴΪȵš½񳯲ڵ״ӡ֮Ƶɽ鼪Ϊף̡СȪΪǧһһչж͡
ǳξʿΪսҰԱԶֱʿ¸ĻľءҲףʧ֣ȴδңǻųͣͶս֮УķֻԴ·ѡ
һԵĺٱļ١ѾǳҲ̵ʶôþսأ
ϧڵϹģǻȫȻ޴ӷˡ
ͬʱּҵıɽ鼪Ҳʮƣٱľͬ
ʵ⵽˳Ϯ˺󳷵佫Ҳûŵ˼ֻһЩԳ֯ҳİװھǰ󣬲Եһȥϡ
֯Ȼʤ䷳طɧţظ֮󣬱ƣӦЩиǵδܴ󽫵ĳ־ټϲ㣬һµ˵ķٶȻʮ־ȵط֣ǳһֱƲɣҹȥʱѾǿӪˣǸװҺʵϼһ˲֪ȥʲôط
˶Щһ£ӿŲسҲòʱֵܳ׷վµɽ鼪ҴǧϳԹڻ󲿶תƣִжϺְ֮˳·ǳҵĶиɵǾٺò
ɽ鼪Ҿͳˡ
Ϊһв̴󽫣Բ̫˽⣬ôġҲֻг־˵ʱ̫Ҳûס֮Ի޵һǡͽܡһǶƶȵĳڲۻ¡
Խǰ棬ֻҪûͶ̥һֲǳ֣ôǿѫٸߣҲǸǧ˵̴󽫰ˣһ¥̨ȫǷסġĻȨǲҪˣս׽ҵȷλҲֵõ
ɽ鼪սܶȱǰڸڵεϱûи÷⵽ԼıԵǵĲϴᶥε컨ɡ
ζϺĻᣬȺʬλز͵Ķʵ
ɽ鼪ĻʵʵĻ롣
ǳľǲеġ
ǧ񣬿ƺ٣ϺȴҲδزҪּƶһ룬õзں֮ǲ׷
ôĪײһأ
ȻƾҹͻϮռϷ磬ǰ֮пȥӹ֣һʱ
οΣӰ쵽󲿶ӳ˵ж಻Ӯսս԰ˡ
ֱ¡Ǽһﻹֱ̫ˣ˵Ҫʵ飬õзӦĻᣬһŭȫȲˣҲܿȷû취ֻӲͷƤսˡ
˵˻Ϊݵλ಻ʱıӽȱнֹ
ŻͲ£ɽ鼪ʮּѵطֱžơ
òǳңȥ࣬ȫǾ񣬲½ϸ۲켴ɷ֣ƷпûġԷʵǱɽϿȼ䣬޿ˡ
ҲΪһŸ⺷η
һˣɽ鼪ֶɽ鳤£ҵұƵɽȥѣ
̵Ϊ֮һ㶣ôڵϹĻҪƺҪ̫˰ɣ
ɽ鳤Щ뷨ͬʮӵĴ󲮵ϤĽ̵౻Խǰ鹫һָֻ̳Ѷȵ̫ˣ

ͬʱٱҲ뵽ҪõΣ򱻼ɽǺΣգʱһͱȻȫûˣ
˵ûõӦٿΧȴԼϴӰˡ
ҹ۲һԭֱ¡֧Сֶӹͣǰҡҡ׹ǳòԳ챾ȱڡ
ٱǰɥǱġ
ǳһѾǽƵȴȻı䲻˳սϰߣֵúһ˵ıһ
ƫƫôսʤˣôۣ
ִټٱҵԼδİ͹ˣ˵Լ뷨
ǱϵʱˣһƵɽϣΪʱӣ
ǰ붼ûһڻؾڴȺҰԶٲҡ֧Ԯ
⣬λԵ̬ͣȼԥˡ
ٱ֪ԼʱָӲǳֱҳҲϽѰұκͻľص䡣о԰˵ġ
ºڷսңһʱҵõ
Ҫ˵ԼġﵳҲսףپ䣬ƫƫûߡ
ֻܻ֮ͷҵ͹󣺡ðյڴ֧Ԯǰ߾͹ˣһԿºһǰǳԳƣúýͣе
˵˵⶯Ҳûôˡ
ʱ󼸰ٲɽϺȻ⡣
ӻ⴦ڵ
һವƿնʶ׷סҪ
û汻еģҶʮ־㵡
汻˵ˣЩš
һ԰Ǻڡ
һڶַˣԽԽ˿ʼע⵽״
ʵ첻ʲôʵ˺ֻǱ˾Ӹµϻúܣѹ΢һĿܾͻתܡ
ٱȴûԺˡ䣬ϸֱһȻվҪţӻԷɽ಻ˣлǸ
ǰߵսʿǣֻϣǶסѹһˡ
ʱաȻԸӺǲˡһǧԤӣɽ档
Ŀɽ¶ȲСϹҪ·鷳ǵϷĳ־٣ҲִټߣʼջǿԳһµġ
ǰѹǳҲף׺󳷣Ķҡʿ˴취ԮԼҷԸ˵һɱѣطϣҼɱУ
Դս˷Ϊ࣬ҵĽС
˰ʱң˫ƣɫŷԵı仯
ٱڶɽƸߵ㣬ɽ鼪Ѿʧȥս׼תƣǳҲûս˼
ʱսǰס
ͻȻġ
֯һڣ֯ﳤϣ
ƽּҰҼǰ֧Ԯ
˵´ұʤ˭һս
Ͳɲڴˣ
Ƭ̼䣬֮Ƶתһٰʮȡ
ǳԼ˺۵ĲȴֻܿЦּ֧ۿҪǳȴȡһսˡ
һһƽּŵʹɳ۶°ݵ
ƽǳǰ⣺ЭҵȡóݵĶ飬


ʮ ̨¹
ƽλʤܣȡоԱսʿǧϣּӦһ겻ˣ
δ
˵һˣ֯ҲżҴҿӪʡ
ϹŽѵһϲá
ƽ֚ʱЩΣǰȻࡣ
ʵ֯˸˵ԭ򣬲ڳּҵսܣĳѾһ㵱ȻǲΪ˵ġ
һսּҵǧձ֮ΧͶɢ֮⣬Ǿͬʱǳһֱ򣬹Ҳһǧϵϵļҳս⡣
󣬵а챾顣
ųβšŨƵȹӽʯֱĺս಻ˡƽ֚Ȫ·زҵ룬άһǧ˵ĳ
齨úսһ챾ױ൱ũǳյĵʵûжһóǧ˵ʧһ˽ˡ
ԭǳĶǧСȳزӣǳΪձ࣬˱սңͳ죬ɢ˴롣β١׵һﶼ֪١
֯϶ǳ丸йأȻⲻֻ
֮ϸóݼսȡʤȴ֮ժߣҷƽһ֮ʩ˿ڶ
ƽ֚㸺߻ģ¶ø˳һЩ
սûȫ֯ұ̲סкʾ׽´ҿͲ˳졢֯ĴθţҲֽʮּ˵Щ㡱˳ᢡ֮Ĺά
Դƽ֚ʮ侲ػӦôλǷҪ׷ԭ
֯һ㵣ɫ𣺡඼ˣʣһЩзǸǷ׷ҿзĶϺ󲿶ӵʱǹˣѾԶһЩڹԷ׷ȥǾȲˣ񴨵ƺ󽨹ٽӦҲü
ޡƽ֚ޱϲص˵ͷ漴ԱָȥʵսĹλûڣҲͱ뻻ˣ϶ô˳
֯æתͷȥ
ֻƽ֚ŸеߣȥԨsʮֲļӣһìܵӡ
λǣ֯ɵ
࡭ҪԱš
ȴƽ֚ϣ֣صؽܵλǼ׺ߣβ⿡ˣǰǼҲʾǰĶղŸմҷǡңûü˵ӦǼİɣ
ΪھԸΣҸȻ֪ģ̫ᡭ
ʵѾʮˣûйϵǸ˵ļֵȡ⡣ǴӺڰгģҲӺڰеˡһǸ߼ʿĶˣȾһЩӵĹϰԡ
λҰˡ֯ҲƵëԵúȤֵûòԾ֡ﺢӵһοСС
Ψе´ҿʮ֣صǰӵ´ҿҳ˵µ¼֮
ҵҵβ⿡Цеع񣬡Ϸ΢ĩҲڹǰ˵Ǻˡ
ȷʵһ߽ĴˡʮǰǱǼͺ۹ΪǼЧŴս˻˴Ƭأھȡһ룬ٵصֳŵ˺ѷɫȻͨٵص֮ڳ⣬ʼûȨģһֱԵҳ
֮֯ųµ̸֯Ҳһڡβ⿡Ϊ׺ߵĴ֮Ƕһʤ
ֱǼԲˣ͡θӱ˶ֿĵˣβ⿡ſʼǸĻͥ£ͨ֯Чľɽ鳤ţ롰̸ͷĿСʮشͷ֮˴ȷ˳⣬ȻΪΧԱ˼λ
һҵĿںСʮΪԽβ⿡ųˣ뵽ڴ֮ǰ֯ҵ鱨⵽ϮСʮغͰ鳤Ŷ֪ԽɼУרҵɱġɼ١ٶβسڡͬʱųҲ˳ɼסĴɱ
β⿡Դ˸е൱⣬ָΪ⼸ʮССǼҸı˵ûٻص׺ϼҵɽˡ
ǣ֯ҵչϵδΣϼǼ׺صһ棬ȴ֪˶ԼʵĪǰھһʱҲûó뵽ʶдһƽְ֚˽Ӵܵӡ
ǡַ֣β⿡ƽ֚չ¶һ֡Ӹʮˣڽж磬տ˲ϤεļٶβأּҷǳĶ򣬲ʱײһ
˹ȴֻźϧٶβǼһﻹǹڽƻһܻȥ󻼰
ƽ֚Ҫؽβ⿡Ĺһһ
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´ҿԳϧ֮⣬ֻǰڳϲñ
Ͳ˳ֻ΢Цˡ
Ҫ˵ѾͶ֯ʱƽ֚һԥüβ⿡ҡͷǸɴԹᣬǵͷһ²ˮ
ᣬѾµ֯ǣδɣȻǰлҲ̫ܵãʹ˱ˣ
ƽ֚β⿡ͳš

ƽ֚˹طˣβѾı뷨֯ء
ûβ⿡ֱ˵ص˵ͷλ˶ˣ֯ҵˣܸǧ֪С
ǧôƽ֚üëȵı飬ѵ֯ﵯӦĿ𣿡
ǡβ⿡ƻЦһЦСʮش˵Ŀ֯ﵯֻͬǧᣬҲô˼ּۻۡ
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ͻȻҪ󣬵Ҳų̣ܾͻ±ңʿǵȻϸóԴ۶Ȼ֣֯ҵԸ񣬹ȷʵͦѽܵġ
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һںڰеͷĿȻ̹ϣʵЩȡ
ƽ֚תһ룬ֶԷȷʵúܸķʽɽĿġ
ʵǰԸƴ̸࣬пռ䲢ϼһɴһж̸̯Ҷô̹ˣôλٸˣ˼ƽ
Ŀǰ˶Ҿͻõءƽ֚ҲǺ̹ϵؽ˲˵Ļǧ֪вʲô˵¡ȸһǧʯĵ̰ټˣȻÿ굽ȡһǧٹΪѡȷйж͡
Ǿлˣβ⿡¶Ȼˡı飬΢Цһ£ʩ


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ȻôѸپȡ˳ּҴɽ鼪ң
ǵģƽʿҼ˹ѫ
ƺиСȪΣҲǳּҵ״س
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ּҵķй٣ΪĿϯ̣˱ס֮Ը⽵ΪӦɽǹǧʯ֪УչʾĻϧ֮ġ
ǧʯȲ˵ˡ˵ʲôšԽǰһͽҲڵˣ
˻ֱ¡Ϊӵ´ҵıʤնɱֱ֯һ֯ﳤ桢ųκȡ¡׼֯Ůã䴫ŶֵʵǼҳɽϲڡ
ҳĹ㵽ͷϲǺܳ𡭡ԣǳͽȻˣȻһ𣿡
Ҳ˵һ񡭡ôҲʸݺ֯ﵯԪǳء
ΨһĹ߱ɱ׸˵ȥʵڲô
ĸԨӢһһ˽ǰߵƣҲý
ܳ־Ǻ£ӶԳȱʵͲˡ
Ȼ˵£ʱʱ桱ոհ䲼˲һ죬һţڰ䲼ǰͿʼˡ
ƵǣҪֲǳܵش죬Ҫѹ֯ϵȴ׷˲ݡƽ֚㣬һάĻȨһʼ֯ź˿ְֺޣ
֪úƺһǧôˣҪɴȫգ񴨲ˡ
һ˲аͷ̱Լˡ
ڲìܡ͡ìܡҪֿġһô˵ҲǿԷֻ£ģѾΪĳֲһ
˵֪ǣƾ˽֮񴨡ı£ʤζԱȫģòŵġ
ųյĴõҲ˵ֺұҪĴ˲ܽյ޽ӵĻϡҪȻΪɶҪأ
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ĻҲòôпܷ֯ǳ½ɼ֮ġ
Ļϣľ棬ÿҴһʯ໥ƺ⡣
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ȷ汻Уηش죬Ÿ˭ȥأ
ôҲ֪о밲򣬲һӵϡԽԽǰ·խͨеޣڲ·ļ
ѣѲϧֻǳӣеϧҲ˸СȻһ֮ͻȻͷ֣ð˿ˡ
֯Լ´ͲȣȻǼгԸ볯һսģǽ˷ǳ뿴
ྮҰһɫ֮սսģ˼ֻ˼ٸȻָ
Ļֱӣạ̃ﵺɽԡЩ׽ȻԸǰն죬ȴȱӲ̵
һ㣬ǰҷԴˣӾͨóݣ䱾Ҳ˰ű̬ȣȻû׷ȴѾʧȥΣǸϵôˡ
һ˵õѡǵȥһЩ׵ĹӶʦԶٵľ棬ӺڡڶͦԸӵӵġ
εǣûǮ
룬ĻѾʵɽǹĳҵأû˽ܶʮϵػĿȨȡðҴͳĳϡƾĵز˰ס۾踳ȥճ֧⣬άǧ˵Ĳӡ
Ա֮£ѿһʵȨǿĻ󽫾ˣ

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ȥƽ֚ӶӺصǧ˴̣ǧᡣʾ޿Ļ¾㲻ԲȣҲҪոһء
ȥ˼ȨףѾΨһԽܵİ취ǡ
ҡֱϵĵСƽ֚ȷ棡
¹Ļ֯ҶԵġ
ΨһǱе٣˵䱾ƣ˽ںȪ·أֻǧ˳Ѯתս֮ʣ֮ǧˡ⵹赣ģʵ˻Эͺˡ
ڸղŵսԱοֱ˵Ȼ˳ּҵĵ󲿶ӣȴҲ˲ʱ䣬˵Ѿ˳ءǳλҪƽȷ棬Σ
ƽ֚׼ԥӦУͬʱӲ㣬ٲǧˣаա
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ޡһתЩ⶯ε˵Ũ֮һؾ͵Ů˵˺ü꣬ϸ᪸ʱƾҰ֮¹Żص˵Ұ
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λҪˣۿҲסαͻȻأ
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𣿡۾ԴʾţΪ˸ɾؽӹȷ֮أҪеĻ빫Ҳǿɣ
˵أƽ֚á
ҲµĻɤӣٴ˵뷨ƽ뷨ӦǡʦڣΧʦڡɣ
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ȷʵпЦҡҡͷʲô취öͳһأ
Ǿ͡ƽ֚˼һϣֻһһٶ˥ߡϷˡ


ʮ ɽ
»꣨1570꣩³ģƽ֚ǧŨڵĶǧپƣѳΪճǵСȳǣԽǰ
ͷԶġͯΡƽ棬ϸոȡɽ鼪ҵİҼΡԸŰ裬ģҪóּҿ
ϧǹĪȥƽˡµã͸ˡСӳϲе½Ǻ
ƽ֚Դ˸еЩź
ǧЮʤ֮ȲԵʮ㡣
Ӧģѵĳ־ͺսˡݳرзһֱں󳷣Ϸ˱гΣδһһ
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ƽ֚㵹Ҳżʿֱֻо΢Ҿ͹ˣĿ͵зԽǰʱգֻѾʮ루Լ25ѡ
ڴ˿̣ڽԽǰĹ߸һı𶯶ӻˡ
໥ͨս֮һ汾˱ʾз·ƹúȴײ˵ľơҿд󽫳־ָзʿ˥ȴδңǱ£ֻԼϮţûб¶ʵ
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һԵаԽǰַɭϣҪְһڵ׳ΣȻЩһϾǰҵҪԸҪ໨һ˼
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ʵһҲı˫ܵĽ죬ʲôˡо̵ĲܣǱǰ˸ʤһġ
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ƽ֚㣬ʵǰһйһЩġǲʲô˵ìܣ̶ܶǹΪ˿ġһ˼ʱ֮໥ôһڣСھʹӦˡ
ҶԷҲöϚļƲ衣
ǵʱ鷳񴨵ˡҹƹһ죬ͻҪõ¡
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ǰƽ֚ѾߵĻر֪оϳˣڽ鸽սճ˼άٸһǧˣԵǷذɡ
ǣƽ֡񴨡Ҳֻܼ򶫱׷ǰˡ
Դһ۵ּ治ǰţϵ¶һеĽС΢ʿȫȻͬ
֮ǳԷĺ
һ潲ֱصĲԣڳּ˵Ҳǡġ
ȱͳһں֮ڣѹܴάֲ˶õġܾۼһǿѵӣϣܳûߴ硣ǲģʱܶҡ
ֻּҪصˣպǱֻԽǳһ˶ѡŨ֯ףȴδػǳǳҪͬʱ˼ĥȵأͶڱ½
һûնĻˣʶһʮƣ̲סҪԼЦ
а񴨵Ϊ˷ǡ˸ǣѾĪĹˣóּұʵ¡Ǹǽػĵ顣
еǡһҲɵ˻е˼óּҶౣʵҲ޷鷳Ҳǳҵġ
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ƽ֚ʱ˻⣺з绹ǱҪսġΪ־ǼҶֻǴܴ󽫶ѡܹеβս˵ѹأ
е˵ͷƽ˵ġɽ𻢣ݾߡҲǡ
ҹƣֻҪһսƽ֚ӹͷ㹻ѹ־˺󳷵ɣͻȡزԣóΡұǶЩεĺЩǣеġۻǺܺõİ취
ǿɾһ͸ǳҵĴ˰а̾
ͬʱҲǺܴİءƽ֚㲻ЦһЦ
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ƽ֚ͻȻܵаٱͬ־ıʿȻͬǰ׷ǿɳԵġӮԶأ׷һġ̡ɹʡڻ̸ϣҪʱȥ֤
ȻڻûٱĿֻǴһϵ鵱УΪصˡаȴд˶꽻


ʮ 
һеúܣҪҹ׼սػصԼӪ飬۲ԡ
ƽ֚Ǻذźҹֵ֮󣬾ͺ޸˯ȥˡ
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ŵʱδõǰ߹ǵϢȴյ󷽲ȵ鱨
ܻδյذ״β⿡Ѿܿؽ˽ɫԼҳṩߵķ
Ϻıδؾ͵泬дһϡʯŵˣڽһϤ̶ȷʵǴģβ顱ļ룬ƽֵĶĿøˡ
ʱ䣬ֻ루Լ21.5гҲ̫һ㣬Ƕӣ鷳ô˵ҲÿٶȣǺϸľӰɡȺ˶ͽŶӣ
ƽ֚һҰ⸬ƹɣһߺضѾ²ۡ
ֻǱƻ򲹸⣬Ȼڻ̶ȡβ⿡ʵ죬ľͿʼɢзһЩε顭
š²ļ⣬Ӱ쵽˵г̡ƽ֚㵭Ʋ⣺ĳЩ˾üʱ̲ʲôҽӵĻᣬʧȥˣȻץһСⷢӡ
ǻ档µõ鱨ǣɽԾ¡Ĳ໥ﵺһͬ㴿ǵ˿ڽǡһ棬ƺ˳泯ּ˵ҪҲ˲ɵԭ򡣡
˵䣬β⿡¶ŵķḻ̶ȺֳԾǵعֳ۵飬ûԣʵʵ˵£Ȼδ˽⵽ȫΣһʿ˶ҡŵ޷˳оɣ
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ȫΪҽӴʱ仹Ҫĥϰˡ
ٺ١β⿡߳ܰڴؽӹľʣµʳ˵ʵ賿ʱϳѾԹˣһţϾ;öˡ
⸬͹ĴȹƷе鷳ڽѾ̼ˣͷҽ˰ѷ̸㡭
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ðɡƽ֚һԼķҷеھнʹͳˣܱΪǿˡȻעתƵ£ô˵ֳӣ˵ʵѹȥƴ˴ϾҪ֮ˣҵȿǵȫҲ̫ðصעǱߵսɡ
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ˣаԶԶ˹һģӢ·սĽʿ˿̾𳯲ּҡϧڲʶֻΡ
һ𳯲֣Ҳûʲôôƽ֚ͷȻῪ˵
˶ָһѾ֪ţȻ̲סˡΪа˵ķʽܵڵĺġ
аŴԣ΢Ц𣬷⣺ȻʽϢûλӦö˽¶֪ˣصڶΡ⣬ΪּԽԽ󣬿¹Ҳ֮һʱûˡҵΪȷ沿ӣʱȻܹ¾룬Ծ͹ҡˡϼ
ε˼𣿡һЦҡҡͷȻµĹԿ䣬ھЩ׽˵ҲǲС
֪񴨵δˡ㡭аһá
ǰһÿȡ
ƽ֚㵭ؿţֻϸڽû໰

ϣհѷƽ֡񴨡еݻǰУ΢󳷣Ҫо̫Զ
ݰţƽֲҹȴǵڶ糿ȻȥֻһǴĵذڿ̬
ֻڿ̬ȴδ˽
άһգǰ߱ƽա
󳯲ּưͻȻײǹڣ׼һɱˡ
漴־ٳȻʰװҡڵسص鸽
յľǣƽ֡Сڽ飬־ڸУԶԶʮ˭Ҳǰˡ
ôʱǱҲˣһҲ䵽ˣټڽҪµľ


ʮ ͷ֧Ʊ
³ˣʽϢö
ټƺƵֵַжһδȫȻֹ֮
ϵ˵Ҳᣬƽ֚˰вãҲóԼķ
г֯ǳɵ֮⣬ֻΪ˻ˮģ޼սġ֯ǳߣֱ˴ǣƣȫʩչ
ԽǰδսҲлۻܹھ㶼ԴۺȣŶغظ̺ͨƣ˴ߡ
Ȼ־жΪûʲôɳ֮ǰ˾ۼھգգδ̤ԽǰڣЩ̲ס֮ĵıȲ
òߵ˶غرϣȴ߰뷨öغزֻҵУĻ򣬲Ըⱦر̣ȫƹ˴ֱӾɼһԽǰ볯־ս
ͱˡ
ܵСǣ̣ܲ񣬲ʹ棬ΥֶΡûŽ˵湫ȻײȴߥʿңŪɹоȻҲ͵
ƫѻԴûʲô취
Ȼ⼸ָȻֻǧ㣬ȻοȺѬĿǳСǣǡǡ֧Ļһ
ҲǺεġ
ƣ֪ͨˣ㡢Ͳ˳ȣͶ֯ˡ
׿вŸɣΪˣľءεȣ֧ǳָ
Щྮֱܥ֮࣬һȦԱԸĸ֣ˡ
ʣЩѷ۹ˣȴĻҪòõġ
һȻǽͷöԴˡ
ڴʱּʹĴ顣
˵Чʹ߱ܣɮӲ󡭡
һε̸ˡ
׵λȨԣʵ֦Գţݷá
ӵĻɼǫšëԪͬʱżҳ
ȅɽ̨ˡǴɮʹٶ
Ըд˷⼸ǧֵױţ÷¼͵
غغ̴ݡҰңԽڼΪн飬ϻƽ
һʱ֮䣬۶ˣҲ֪徰һ˶ıǮҲ̫֣ý̨ףݻ۲쳯徰ġ̬һ
˵ǡݻһЩС͵͵ʿ˻ȥֻʣˣڳռӳų棬Ρµģ֯ǳҲƽ֚㡢㡢̵ˡ
ٳȥĲӣһӼ
ҲѾ㹻ˡ
徰ЧѾϲ⣬ĻмͷأɷнµիԡȳҵʽԱġ
£⡣
ǵ徰ʮΨһĶȴزֻŮѱ쿪ͼųƵľǣǿһӹȥλ
ѽԼδãǸ᪸ǵνϴĴ󽫾ԹŹ¡Ǻ꣬˵û׳ʵز֮ࡣ
ҪǳûŪԽǰȥ˹˽㣬°빦
ºȻ⵽˵ĵơ
ּҿ϶ǲԸģԲᡣ
֯ҲʧȥǣĻӡ
ǳҴպԽǰ뷨Ҳ뿴һɡ֧
õĽˣȻݣһʱȴҲ޷˵ôˡ
飬̸
ּۻۣڳ˽Ҳ޷ʱǲȱģĻǴ𳯲֣ɼƣųд̣óǳӾɱľض뷴ⶼ˽ֵĽ㡣
߱ɱ׸õóͷֽľصǳȻǳԹȺ۵Ĵǣͷֱǰ֯ų
֯ҲΪ֪ˣֵʤΪԱܲ˵ġ
Ϳƽ֚ˢһڸУȻĹ˲һԽǰֵóƵսسʮ˶ǵ漣óݳװ˅൸̾ʤŹܻɣ㡢ɭɳɡ微ʤȴٱ䶯
鶼ӵ۵³裬Ļҳǹֶӣȡ
˵ǡͯΡƽ׳޷¼ƽ֚֮ЦԻͯ˹ͯӲߣҲ
ǡߡƺʵˡ
ƽһޣ۰ٱ
֮ΪǫѷѾ˵εɥе׹Ƴ£һ
ֺĹضʿ죬ǳϽ˵ۡ
ʱƽ֚㻹ǵǰ£ад˷ţνۻΪβ𣿡
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ԭ˵ֳǰ±һɱǰ̼̳λ֮ʢΪ־ָʧ־ǰսΪıҪͷǰҡ
а˳ˮۣС
Դƽ֚ʣеȻԽǰҲ𣿡
Ӧǣ뱱½Դһ֮Ե
޻˵
ôʷǳ˵ġһ֮Ե˼ǹϵˡ
Դˣ㲻ϳּسΪ󽣺Զƣ磬λȻ
ǰձ̣ܵҲȰ˵´ӦͶġаƽԴ˶ΪӣңӿԽǰ
ʵʩУְ֯ˡ
Ҳ֪ôģƽ֚ܿĽǣѺ֯Ҷаʮ⣬޲ڡ
Ϊ˱ʾΣʽϴҪһ򶼻ƽ֚йǰλϯλϲۡ˼˽µǸ㲻ġ
ȥ޺ϸ룬Ҳ㹻ηˡ
ֱǿѧܽ͵ĺøж޸Ұа𪿡Щϵ
ǰ˵ġۻ𡱣ȷʵˡвһԽǰּұڲң¡
滹һ䡰
˭յЩ棬Ҫ෽̣ˡ
ʮգѰƽ֚͸¶һЩڷ磺
徰ԵһлȻ᪸ǵǸ˵еġϴԹŹ¡ӣһڵĳ־㡢־¡سǰ̡̡ﳤΪӵĺ
˵ЩνĺǼв־ķɣ߸ɴӦ
Ϊ֯ǳţĻ˸߶͸񡪡
֯ҵβšŨϲ忤Ʊ˿ػ󲿷ֺصõ˳ϡͬʱʤұָΪϽػһ汻ָΪػ
Ұɽڵ󲻵òˡ׼ԭɽҹǰǸ֯ҽһʾ޿ɭɳɽǱأ֯ҳݼ̳Уǰ֯һڵĽųδܡ
Ƶ΢֯ӵλڣҳβٳΪ֮һ
һ棬ǳΪ˿ĥ忤Ŀػ˴˶أǹôɵġ
ĥвػ˺Тߣĥ˿ػ˱Σвػ˻ľء˱ΪǶ֧ǳҡҵС顣
ϲȪʯأڶͨҪϵҲֳһػְλڱֻԾȡн֯ﳤ档ǡãǺȪƽ֚÷
֮ܶѵİŷǳϸ£֯ǳ໥ǣơ
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ǳһ죬ԲĥռеõϿɣȻطɢҲûлȡԽľҳ֡
ƽ֚ԤϵԼ϶ҲƵξ档
ǽӹ΢Цŵݹ״ֽһ
Ȼϡ
ϵõͣʵȫôĿͷ֧Ʊܻ粻ء
һµһġ


ʮ 
ƽ֚ӵһʽ飬Ĵ󽫾λȨѣĻ죬λϣ֯ųͬǩֻѺԶ׼мߵȨԡ
ϿλĹͬ˼ĳ浭·ػȪػ֮࣬ٲμػһְ
֮֯ǳ֮󣬽ֲܵһζػǿǰֻǡǷռݡصõ϶ѣΨƽ֚ƾյõ˼һ
ɲǺȪ·ƵС
һķᣬ˿Լжʮʯʮϣٳȥߴݼά˵ĳ
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ƽ֚˷֮Уеˡ
ƵطǸʲôѵΪҲ֪
һΣ岽һԫ
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˵Ϊϵغ˵˵
վԹߵĽǶȣҲС
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ǿͷҲô׾͵ġ̫Զְûɶ壬̽⣬˼һܹȥβɣ
ȱʮޣ֯Һǳ֮ûɶռˡֻʣ®ɽѸǸ廨ͷһճļػͺϰػ
ôһ롭ϰʮʯĹģͬҲڻҵСǹȥ˵ⴿǹ˶ѣ֮¼Ȼңô̯ӹ󰡡ֻʮ֮һأҲʯ
Ѿչʾˡ
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ȥƽּ˳ȪĻɹٶˡβңľ澰ùǱǮµӺصͷĿľңظߵġǸⱻúԵĺͿˡ
һϵطˣžûװͿˣܵи˵ǾͳӲɽ̫ǿӲ˵ἤң̫𣬶ͳδΪ
ô˲䣬ƽ֚㷴Ÿɴܾˡ
ջǵͷˡ
Ϊģֻս
еϣŷϤǰǩ֡û²һУľӵųҲΪͬ⡣ıʼѾˣڱ֣дԶ
ųֿ֮Ļʲô̶ѨضûƴǵĵɽʲôģϾˣ
Ҳͻԭ֮һɡ
Ѿˣת˲һ˽߾ȫֻΪ˻ȥѣʲô鲻鷳أ
һػְλڱף͹ˣ

ۺԱȣƽ֚Ѿһַʹ̹֮ȻˣҸи⡣
֯ǿס丸µĺ棬ҲɥʧȫķǺ档
ˣҵһźͼҳҲʧأҴ߳˻βϼݷ⣬ޱ룬ǵϲزҰɽȨη
ľ㼪ְλδûųĴΪܣżǳ飬ƽ֚һҲûʲôá
ʤҺһֱΪϽƵĴ٣ﵽ֯ҵ֮һҡ˵Ĵʮ΢ϣҪ֯мܼУ£δʹٵְȨ
ǳǵõ˻ͨأͷסġС顱ǣӳĺТߣıΣȡó׼ĻľأȫҲĻ϶ػְ֮֮ƽȣķչѰζˡ
ѵİţ˻ٶǲ̫ġ
鲻ƽ֚ȱʾȻܡ֮ǳл˶͡ˣ֯Ҳֻܽ˵Щ͸м֮ĳ滰
ôһеʱ̣ҶԵ̫̫ۡ
ͼ򵥶ˡ
ʱ̬Ȼ㲻Ӿͨͨóݵˡˣǹ֡һֱĻŲսȴܼᶨõһڡְλ´ҿٳ˵ǶԶ֧õʽϡͲ˳㱻費ܵػʹƵȨ
ȫֻ˸Ͷ˲̨ģҲյ״´;֮ľ
ػְ۵״Ĳ죬һٵȴǺ˸˵ġ
ǳڳϵ͵ԵʣһֱûиʽкʱԵõһȡ˸˵飬ǵõƼԽϵ͵ļ۸񣬻áλءȤǣóݵľְ
ⶫ磬ƽ֚Ҳڽٹ֮תΡλ̲ٸ֯ҹδãǡλϣ򽫼ԭһõλءǸƽ
֮ܶþڵĻ˵ǣľӣͣơ
ΨһȫûյϢĴֻԽǰĳּˡ
ѳɾ֮ĳ徰ûôᣬͷͬɡǰԹŹ¡ΪӡҲûӣҲûҪλ
ڸ۵ѡ棬еִ
ѵ뷨ͯΪߣԽǰķɼֲһȻ׽ĻĵطʵɡͬʱҲԼǣƽǳšھӱ֧ͲҵĴˡ
ּȻܽҪ
㳯徰ͬ⣬ȨҲ
໥ּۻ۵ʱ䣬ҲûţܵʿǾ衢һ罻
Ȼ֯ҡǳΪƽ֚㡢㡢ٲˣʤҡһ桢Ͳ˳졢㡢ΡľصȵȣҲ·;Զĵ´ҿǰ⣬õĶˡ
ΪǿȨԣջի١ǡõġơ޽ӹá֯족ϯΡ
Ȼֻǲಡ齣ɫҰ¶ͿŸǵĳ̶ȡ
˶֪ôͼҪ˳ϣΪӼìܣֹвλ
ȻòһϯЩ˻ִ˲ƣġ
ľغһ˾Ͷʮԣ˭Ҳ֪ϲĻͼ


ʮ Ȼ
λְ۽֮ɢȥδõջСʧңĲҲصפء
λҪȴ˾þƻ裬̸ۡ
Ϊ׵֯ǳԴʮֻﰵڳųϾ볯͢Աս޼ֺ̡¸ɮ֮ӴԵܺһ
Ⲣɵ֮Ǵ£òȡж
Բ¼ĴˡɼǫŵˣǷ˵ΪͽȻ̶ѸྫͶ뵽ԼС
Ȼ֪ǣھȡõĴ֣ԼصǺаġЩȫȻûг͢λĻְĴǿľԻᱻӣò˵ͷΡǰǳҾǸܺõӡ
ǿ֯ųھҲֻǴһһɶѣ޷׽׿ѹ̨ڣ̧λ߽ǰãֲھô࣬ʤ
ҲһЩˡ̣ôһڸӵܡȷʵֲ˼ܾʫ赶ŪǹʵǱԸŵڣ޿κΡһӴҵԶԶǵ㹻ԦģźڱƣȻ߼ͷͦȻԵá
ܼҶ⡣
һͻľضԲĻ׷е˲̫ˡ
˵һ̩ɽǰɫһǲһ˵ıңոǧݡԲ˷Բ֮Ĳֶ̬ڡˡʯ֪Уݾʿһη⽣ӰǧΨԲʦŭĿ֮ġԡ
⾿ǳģͼأ
ʵƽ֚ġ֮ʿ͢ȨɽԼ̣֪ɣĻˮƽʿߵ֪ȥˣϵ̸ЦȪеġĻᡱѳΪʦ̽ľۼأҰ˳˵ƽ֧Ԯҡ
Ǳʵ壬ԾĽʲԣֻջصش¡
иʵ֮ĵ´ҿ˵ƲȣصԶȥˡȻƽ֚Ҳ˸ڣǡ
˭֪˲ϽܣȰ˵¡
Ҳ֪˼Щʲô
֮ϣǶƽ֚㼫Ƴģ˱˵ǡƽ񡪡ƽ̲Ļûǡ١ˡǱ洫˿ƽ䣬˾ţﾡð
֮Ƿǿٺʹ͵顣
һȥģƽ֚Ҳȷʵ˽һߡ
Ϊ̲ٸػŹٵĻسϲĿɢˣмϰʮĹɮơƽ̲Ȼˣƹ½ǰ
ƹ½ƺˣ
Ľ˪̨
ôҶöĻָǶ
˵ƽǺ˼ģʮϸɽڡõȵȵİƾѹĻӵԼʮʯʵǶһֱҺ֣ܵʼڶԿıҵĵһߡ
ȻⲢ֤жôĹ޷ǸԵԲͬˡ
Դƽ֚ȣ˼ֱȻҰ
һȻۡǸˣ֯ǳͺΣǷ·𿴵Լʮǰʱӡ
ָƽ̼֚Ҳ벻ӦԡǸ˳ˮȡʱǸüһջصȥܿҾأ
ԥ֮䣬ʱֹ죬ʮġ
ɫȣʪ԰ĳرñھ׵ı󲻳꣬תƵ԰ͤ
Ȼǡõʱ򣬴ŶҵϢ
ǹѾƽ˺ϰҾ֣ŸʹˣҪ𣿡
Խɫ
ϰҲ˿ʮҺ̣ڮɽѸߡŽҡǹƾǵ˽ʮռƽҶ飬ǺʵĻȥֻǹѣûܽ⡣
һ̶ͷֻǺǡЦ
Цпһ˿ŭ⡣
Ǽһ֪Ѷˣ͹ˡǰˣ˸ܴﵽĿꡣ
¾ãǹֻƾ˽ƽ֚ĲǣȻ޷ġƽ֚ڽвǵǿǽˡ
ûϵ㶨ˣⱾǺ¡
Ȼ򡪡
ר۵ʱ䣬ܹⲻǹҪ쵼
Ͳܵȵҹ͵͵
һСܣ˵ЩίΣĻԹ
¶Ǿ
ȥ꣬һֱǸ̵ˣųΰ裬űˣִྶͥ
ԽˣԽ̡Ϊ̵ʱ򣬱¶ҵһ
Ƭ֮󣬽˰˰֣Ը
˵ڼͣϢ١
⻰վ໥һ̨¡
еϧ֮ĻռϷ磬ѹ˸ϾĻҳǲ̫ˣǹȿʵڷëǡ

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ˣǵ˵֮¼ϣйͣԺţȵ͸Ϊֹ
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ǹˡҪ˵쵼
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ʵħȣˣѾԸ񲻴ļˡǹӲӲ磬ҪǸųˣǻ췴߱ƽ֚²ۣȻͻȻ⻰ﲻԡ
Ȼɫ䡣
þԼûȻŭ̬շߺǲزסˡ
ǾǵԺŰɣ⻰Ǵɤӵ׼ģλʹؽ黳
Ȼ֪ͤ渺ͨԼǸֱӵĺһ㶣Ͱȥִˡ
ǶȻ˵ʲôƫƫҲûи߼Ļȥֹһ¡
˼ȫ޷ھƻˣҲˡеĿⶼԺſڣǹϷݵʲô̶ȡ
ԼĪ˰ӵĹĿ֮£ǹˡ
嵶ժͷȻΣôɫƶزС¼۹вѪһ·߹ϵĻҳˢۼѿࡣ
Ȼ伱ˣһˮľԽԽͤȴʶǹˡ
ֻߵʮԶĵطͣסŲϥ򣬰Ȼ̧ס
ˮˢ֮£СǹԽԵòܣҡҡ׹ˣ󷴶Եøߴ
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ǳһἫЦһۣƵһ
֯Ҿԥ˴죬ǿһڣ㽫յ¡
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Ͳ˳࣬üһϸֳһ˿֮ɫ
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ƽ֚Ѿǵ߳ͤӣžƵ͵ǹֱߡ
˲˶ʪ͸ˣҲȥˮ
ǵԶ࣬ʰɣ
˼򵥵ľٶȴԷ¶˸мı顣
ƽˡ֪ٵ£
ƽ֚㲢δӦŤͷѾһȰɵˣ¶Ļ֪δ꣬ǵ¡йѸķ̡裬ͽ־ʿ֮ģǵƽϰѫ۾ɹ˾֮
˵°ݣٲԣԳڹ壬Ҳȷʵð˹ˣʱճ˼ǰˣͻȥ˼
ԱͷҲأȥ


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ƽ̲ŭĶˣΪҩڣĵʹ£ڹ֮ĳ
ʵƽ֚һ˵ͦнġѿҳ־ʿĺʵȴҲĬǹȷСɹɵǽ˵ϸڣû漰εĶ⡣
ûҲ׹ŭƽ֚ǡֱԡŶǹ˵ǸƽϰĹ͡
˫̨£ˣ˳죬⡣
ƽ֚ǿˣƣ뿪ԼıҳٸϻغȪ
ﳤ׵˶װʱԳ
֮ƽ֚õ˵ǰݷĹʾﲻƷźֵһģ֯챾ʯáѴﳤŨƹΣƹʢţٸΡ
˵ˣƽ֚㻹ûͼˣνɽԶףôһĶܹԳǹʽˣ΢䣬ǾͲҪڼˡ
ҳǵȻǷ˵ˡ
Ƭ̣ƽ֚Լԥˣһȡ֯Ͳ󾩵λһŰɣ
ִ֮䣬Ҳϸֱǰˣֻд仰
һǣܲܣء
ڶǣǳһһʱ̳ﳤ˷
ǣгΡɡ
˵Ǿ⣬ӲܾͲܿƵˡ̬ƽ֚㽫ĴԺһ˼ֻЩ磬úÿһĶ򡣼ɽܵ취
ҰֵغߣǣҡߵÿĻҲǿϵ
ƽ֚ʮֺطߴ½ʿӿٶȣ·Ե״ǲҪˡ
ƹʯɽԸ£Ȫ紦֮ʱܵ֯ﳤĿ
˵÷һľӢˣ˼ݣıƶϣѵԸųֻδѪ𵶽Щۡ֯쵼ϯλ˳Сӵһչ֣Ŵ֪࿤ļһǧֵò᪸նɱ˳ּ֪󽫣ųһȡԽǰʿֱΡ
ǵõϲػְΪر
ţȻǿǵ˴˵صֵҪǳŦλһܵĶ
һȥƽ֮һϱһԺռݣǸǱ鷳ΧľءǳΧ͸˵ˡ
ܳΪһռϷ硣ǰβϼҵֻƾڷЭ´ζѣǵõҪְ
ƽ̸֚֮һ
֮У֯ﳤų黹Щαıʹ֮⣬˵˵ܣСպһҪɼ
ҵȻƽ֚һ˵ų滰һѵ˵ܣǿܣʼ᪸ǵ֯
˵ûû֯ﳤЦһЦԲԣƺֶ֯ӵĲ̫㹻
֪Ƿβ˵뷨
վƽֻ֚һЦÿɷ
뿪Լһʱ̤Ȫ߾ڣܿΧǽˣڵȺӭӡ
׵ֱųĽľ㼪
ΣɵȪϯﰲýҳͨˮ󽫣·ͷͬҲǽİլſ޲
ǰֳּҵʱų˵ˣֻǧ챾񣬲ҪԱƽ֚ͰЩ˶ʱȪ·ںΰ
صɵòƽּزδҾ֡óɹɿҲҳܾͨˡ
˭뵽طްֳѵĶأ
ƲԹ⡣
ƽ񡭡̲
ľ㼪˹ҴҵؾҪѯʣһȴ״β֪ơ
ͳ˹ƺҪʲô촽˰ȴһֶû˵
ǰ߻Ȼʧ룬£ң˫ȭ
֮ƽ֚һ̾ȪͨλѾõϢҲͲ׸ˡû֯ﵯˣ£ǰӹˡĻ졯һְҶ֮λ
Ŵԣľ¼ͬʱһ¡
˵ˣΣ𣿡ʶҳͨͨʣʳֲ̫ʵ顣
û漰Ҫֻಡʮƽ֚ʵԸ棬˷ֱʡˮʳЩѡʱȻûдķգպ֮ʵڲжϡ
һ߷׷ׅ൰̾
ûǼҲ֪ôһƱǰնˡ
Ҳ̲Żᡣ
ﰲľ˲ע⣬յƽ֚ǰʩ񣬵һɷ羰ƨϲ¸̲ٸػ
󣬰լſķӦǣüĵһۣıͬе̬ȡ
Ƭָ֮ޱʵƽ̲˵Ӧ˹˵ҪѾΪĻֱˡ

Ȼˡ»ص֯Ч
õġƽ֚ͷҾ֪ڲô
ǱǸ°ݣȻб䣬˶գϣܽ¼Ȯӡ
Դƽ֚ԥص˵ͷȻ̶õ飬ȻӦüŵ
мѾ׸֯ﵯĶֻٱˣȻٰݣű׼ȥ
ȵȡƽ֚סǴȥ𣿡
ǡ̹棬Ļ죬ٸм˽ɣ
ô֯ҿδǺ¡ƽ֚ҡҡͷһ䣬ȥһͺãҪֱӵ᪸ЧǶ֯ﵯ֧֡βȱľǿõսˣ
ˣлѣ
°ݣȥ
ƽ֚㲻ȥǲתһȥ¼ϵЩҳ˫ĿʼԶȥŵ̾
Ҳͬľ㼪Ч¡
ƽ֚ϣס׷Խƿ𣿡
ľ㼪Ȼ֪˵ʲôá
ƽ֚Ž͵ҲᷢһЩƱ仯ܶһգͶһգʵڴסʱ취ݷ֯ﵯ˼жҲлء
˼
ľ㼪ԥƺû⣬ƺǱ˵ˡ
常֯ҵͦʱԭվƽ֚󷽵ͻȻȻĵءѾ̫ǵβžɵصķ羰ˡλŶһ


ʮ Բȡ
ɽڰͣӼҳ֮󣬴ƽ֚ɴ·ݱžۡ˵·Ȫ֮ƽֺӵİһǧˮ򣬼֮İڽڣںˮ·⼸»㰲
ϵΰʱ˶Ұ곣ȵ֧ԶݹǽӵϢۿӭӣ̬ʮֹ
ϸ˵̳ȥ˶յˣϵΪǳȴҲΪˣʮףûʲôʷ⡱õƽ֚ΣԲƾȹϵֱûʯͶʮʯ֪С
֧棬峤ɡֳ֮ģ֯ڶһЩ̼ƽ㲢ֱӵɵ飬ѾΪɮˣҲʹáƽֻ֡֡弾Ӽطõ½⣬㳼ݳΡ
ոһ棬Ұȵϲ̲סű˵벻֯һҹ֮ͺȻҲ֪βŵܷͦùȥ곣ͱȽֹۣǣҲβ֯ƽ֮󣬴ӿδйλߣνʢˡʵ£ܷҵȵáָƽֵأ
˵ٲȻ˲̬ͬ
곤ļҳΪβ֯ҵĳԱĿǰľƸе־嵣ǣ෴һȴΪƽϵڷɶ衣
䣬Ҳǰݵλйϵ
Ұ곣࿴һۣ¶һ˿ΪȻı顣
ƽ֚⣬ֻţʣΣ룿ûʲô˳ûҵģ
£ҰķӦ΢һ񣬡ԴǨ֮󣬵ϾʮְˣйҵˡֻһЩ˹ģˮɾ͸ˡץסͷĿ֮¾úӦûָʾġ
Ǿͺáƽ֚ץסķˣƽдһϰɡ˳׷һ£ͷĿûָʾ˵ආŴ̽أ
곣һ£ûʱϣҰ˵ˣŲ˵ȷʵңЩȱڣĴʮֳһǧ׳ǹţܳء
һǿ
ȥλ׼һڣȻʲôţЩϸ΢ĩڵСµʱǱȽϿ׵ġ
ԡƽ֚ɫ滺һЩӦˣһǧԤ㣬дʽ飬͹ǩ֣Ȼ󽻸ȥ졣
ǡ곣
ۼ˵࣬㲻ˡ
лǻر˹ȥ
ƽ֚ﻹǺҳȷʵǰľŲͬĿȻʱδһȷ
϶в˶֯ұֽϸߵͬУϾҶΪҳ˷˸߸ͽĴ󴬣ŵԹ͵ġһ棬ҳаѹͲβųˣȱĸŦЩʶͻעСŵʧ֯ҵν֡ע
ƽ֚ԼȻȻ⽻õʧҲԶԶûŻʱ䡣
иػְָӵöʮʯϵĹڵġνλ¡ĹٽȻ¾ųϵĴҪߣͽȻֻǽ޷ѩ̿á
ͥҲòԿǡ͵ȻǻжҲҪʵŦϵԲȥ
վ֯һͬǲеġһ˵ľ裬޾鷳ܶųİȫӰҲδ֪
һҳ̬Ҫһء²ʿǣܾ߱ܳԶ۹⣬Ƶ֯Ŀòرʵ϶ԷҲرˣʱ䳤ʿġ֧Ҳȱʧ⡣
ͬʱš֯ݡ롰Ļš˫ݣѡҪĲˡ
ƽ֚㻳Ÿӵ飬ݱǶȥ
ȲʺţҲһ·ôлصʱӳǡ
Ӵ룬ת䣬Ϳ֮ӭӡ
ȮΪײܳĹϵԸ֯ҶŮе࣬ϲϲƽʲôԸͨ׽Ůסţ뿪ݵġ
Ȼ
ıͶҲչ¶һ㡣
ɷ֣Ȯǳ΢һЦݣ̤С鲽ǰϣ·ûȣ´򻬲ˤҺƽ֚ۼֿ죬ǰס
¡㵽˰˿ǻ
״ڻˡǧ˿ףƵпָһˣ
Ůܹվһԣҳúöѩǧҹ趼֪սţӡ
ƽ֚̾һһ°Ȯͷɫӵһ£漴ֿ˫֣Ȼͷ˵ˣؼϸ˵ɣ
Ȼͷȥ
ûȮƺˡؼϸ˵飬ؿʵѾ;ƿ𣿡
ǧҲԴ˺ܹעӣ˫Ŀ
ƽ֚ҡͷЦ
ʣʵ˲ࡣ
żˣ˵Ļ˵
ƽ֚ѡƺ⣬Զ޷ȥҪ׼Ļֽһ顣
ˣҲκ⡣һ֮Ҫ΢һЩ
ǰ£ȥյϸڣ߽߱˱赽ʱǸպýϡ
һȮľ侲
ǧѾü˼ˡ
֯ҵĹϵôءȻȮԴЩǡ
ƽ֚ԥһʱ֪ȥ
ǧϵؿ˵ĸ״ˣƽּҲ֯ҳԾӣ಻ȫȻȴն壬Ǽѭڱ˴˵Ĳԡ
ףƽ֚Ծ죬ЩԼô˭ģ
ǧʱȣʵӵġвͼҳһ˵еΪƽ־֯˿룬Ҳе˾ƽּӦ֯Ӱ졣ҳŻմʦϵʱ˼ˣʦĻشǡԼȥ룡ô˵ҾͲµ˼߽Բȡˡ
ţƽ֚׿޵Ȼǻմʦ㣬뵽ȥҺʵѰ飬ΪҼ̳Ӧеǻˡ
ʵڲû
ò׵õϸһ϶ǧǫ飬ȴȫȻβסϲúͼ顣
ڰȮĻ
ΪһĸףΨһĶôгϢӣο֮ԱʲôǺͷնԺˡ
ҵ˷ϴȻ޵Ĺ˵ʮҪȴôĳɳᲢأ
ˣƽ֚ͻȻȮĳ
Ǹǳҵĸ
β⿡Ͷƽּ֮˵ҵЩ˵ǳǽɼļٶβأٰзˣҵ֯ҡ̸ľݵ㣬ȻɱСʮشˡϷΪ˵̫͹Сʮش˵ˣʵڲǣзҲ˺ıⱩ¶鱨˵Ĺȥ
ֻǲ²⣬Եʱû˵ȥ֮ˡ
вҲǳ˵
ϸ˼ּˡ


ʮ 
ƽ֚ԼͼҳǷļڣ֣֮սˡڼһҪ̽ͷ˶赲˻ȥ
ǧϲȮܴ˼߳˸ܹ򶨵ؿǰơҺŮʱòŹΣֻҪƽͲҪˡ
Ҳʿֱ⣬ոյӤʮ޷ֳ㹻˼ˡƽ֚ԵǸԤ˶ʮղкûʲô⣬ȴĸڵùǺ
Ҫȵ׻ȡ֡ƽ֚ص·֮ȵҺ͵ʱĸӶˣ̸˼䣬ڴϵļʿ˵£⺢ڲ׺֪ĥѣҲָһҵΩԸǸصж£ʧȥ־
ⷬľȻ뾮ҵйء
£ʧȥ־ƽ֚ظ飬˾ȸǰڰٻϲģǷ˪躮Ķ÷Ӧ⺢ӵ𣿾ȡֽ÷ˡ
÷𣿶л£ǼԺͷŵĺְֱ˵˼仰˯ȥء
ľڲԶţǵؿĹĸƽǧļοƽҰȨεȼͬˣרΪԼŵġޱ
˳һᣬʷĹԡƺڴһãɼʿĺӣȷʵչ¶ʳȸֱƽҰҵãͬһ泤׳ܴܵǰλҰѵ׳ԶƽҰ̩ټ
ΪһйӵִƶʮʯĴƽ֚ǸλѾ൱ƵˡˣʱҲֻüѼҾǴŹһ顣
ҪĵȻҺ͵ӡ
ӵ۽ǽˣʮһѩǧѾͤͤʼ͵͵δǧ飻ҹȻ¶ܽѧȻ械ۣͬĸֻһģӣܳԣ
ҲԪ׵Ĵ͹֮󣬸ݳȡĹ衱Сĵ󻺽ĵǡĹֽ꣬ȫʲôܾ£Ϊһ˲õ
βҵİմǳΡǳڱаݵĽɫܲʣº·ƾʧһ㣬뺣׵Ѷ֪ˡƽ֚㵱Ȼ˶˼ҵŮԼ⴫ȥҲҪһɵģ˵ٶ಻ж
Щλ͵ĲǣСС֮⣬ܹõĹעνǼϡġʳǵ¼ʿũҳĹȻʲôƽ֚ܵĤ̷ζ
Ӣڣ仰治ǰ˵ģ칦򣬾ԼĶг̶붷־ĥ˲١
滹ôأԶԶûƽʱ
ȮˣݸһǷںȪ·أҲöЩӶŮʵԴƽ֚Ȼܾˡ
˵գա
ʱһƽ֚»̣صС
ȵһϢ
һʱ춯ƽ֚ǹ֮ʣµԾۼһ𣬾˵ҪѽϴŹ¹̵ּҵ顣кϰ⣬Ļ϶ֱϽģʧܡ
Ǳߣھ䵳𣬱ëǳлǱëԪǷѣǳʦܣھ˿תΪһʱ䡣
ѱë߷ϲֱҼƲ¼ھ£ҲűӼԭˡΪϲֱжչʾڱǰһǿĿʵҲôѷɫˡ
һ棬óݱ֮Ĵ伪еǰ;ҰС紨¡ѹȰ˵֮£Ҳػëһˡ
³Ȩ̶ȵ£ڷ޳ص㡣վǧ֮ˣƽ֚δ̫ע
ĹϴϢͲòˣΪ漰з
ǰƽ֚һжȡһ֮ѡüҽͣųŮ޸óΡų֮óΡԭϵѸ˺Эˡ
ĿǰѾ֤ʵؽʤϸ²˳֯㴨֮ԭΪɱֻܵɽﶫءʧѱüո
ҲԪ֧Ԯ޼¡ôƴҲǰ˾ǧҪӦչĲвζԸʵϵԭµ鱨ְ֮᪴þѾı򣬵һǧˣֻǧ˼׷ɱ㴨֮
ƽ֚㵱İ壺֯ﵯȡüң˼ҳΪ죬δ֮ұֲɷ㴨֮¡
ĹǵطǱȽҰģȥһ˲򵥡ʤѾǴʿòɵ㴨֮汻ԭɱȥǰĹԳɹȫȻ׷ѣվȽŸɾϼˡĳҲԪ׳ڼԮҲΣմԶɹΣһģ󽵵͡
ԡԽݡ¹ݡݡΪĵںҵȦƽ֚㾫Ĳõģϵÿ档
ƺݾõˡ
ͬʱǱҲûòܰ
ոյõػ֣¹λõʱ㡣ܴ֮򿪾棬ʱ˾ͻԽԽѡһֱֵĻ˱Ȼáƽ̲ҲǴӹѣΪ塣
ɼʵ޷쵶飬ˮܣûǿģпܻȡ衣
ôͰǰˣ
Ĺͼ涼ϾսҪƽ֚ԳУ档ҪеԵβ󲻵ˣ
ںϢתƱ̫鷳û˵ġ

ʵڲҲֻʹһˣڴ֮ǰܲһȫƼõİ취أ


ʮ ƽ
ʵڲбĻվҪĹΪȵġ
Ͼںƽּ㰡
صҪԵĹעв࣬ĹȻҲǾµطʤǵǿ߳СԹķ֮ڣǾǡĻĻ֮ءˣƹŷ⣬һȫȤġĻָǸҰɽڣ
ߣóԭǿĿŵԿĻԿĴ󽫾ѣԿ֯ųǴǰ³̣죬޿ˡϧǣĹҲǲػĺѡ
ͷڲػĺǼձ飬
˵ҪĹڻʵʵػĺųƵء
֮ܶ
Ȼ޿κε²ߣڲȡ²֮ǰŻеʱ䣬Ͻ취
ҪʹµĹȥĹóκԭڴ˹֣Ż£ֻ߸ɴתⰢ᪵ȹ
ǣҪôЩвļӦټսأ
ʲôֻƾػְ֮ĻƸҺֻɵб棬ܴյǧ˾㲻ʵϺܶػʵȨҲΡ
ǮӲҵȻʧһְ취һ̫࣬Բ˳˷һ֣СҲͽӲˡʵǿɳչĳ֮ơ
֮ǰƽ֚ǰܹõ鱨Լļһ·ࡣ
ӺصݵӺΪģ̽ӽʮʯƣƲǧ£ձһڣʯɽԸ¹ϵУóұڣͷľϡϡϵȼ塣˱ȽڲսһõǮƻŵͻսͷ졣
Σ֮ǸڣҲһӶʣڸҰɽµڽװ鲼ܱ߸ųԺʦǧɮһͳƹʵԼʮʯϣʵʱǧңͷĿǽҡŵˣӺŵݣܱڼӺй֮޲յڱ˼Ӱ죬ԾԶԶˡ
ֵһڼвϲڡĹȺ塣üػԶԶԱǧһμֱıսԺգǮɽͷŸɽϧײ۷ó죬һűҲɢҲǰǰ£գδؾͱСɣҴۣƶʯأǧˡ
֮⣬Ұɽܥϡǳ̫ﵳȣԱҲǧϣβšŨǵطƵͷڣڼ棬ɾһҲˡʤͶ֯ǰΣ
ۺ֮ǰҪֵģһڡڽԼػɽҵӰ
ߣȻý
ƽ֚öìܣȡĵİ취˼ȥȱ㹻ʱҪôҪܳʱ
ǣչ׽ҳǼѯʶԲߡ
ʱ䣬ƽ֚ԼֻϢ죬ȻҲܵõĿļڡⲢûвΪڵƽּһʢڽҵ׷塣
ܶ˸ûôϢ
ʮʮ֪꣬һǧʯȴŶûȢרעæҵĺﳤסƽ֚㶼żˣԸȮϽæңʱĿǶҰĹŮϡѡǱȽϺʵģǲɶʱܳɡ
ٱȢ޳˼ңȫȻܲˣһƴսǰְһ˿͵ɽһᡣĿǰǸܥβһһʯѾ׿˵Ҫ٣ҲͲǩ
ƽ֚չʾˡԼ֮кμԿ֪޲ԡ˼֮յ˲ٷҶûţεġ
лҽŽǧı˵ɽϴҶػ٣λ񰮴վ̨Ļһȡġ
Һγ֪£֮ƽ֚ûػش𣬡λ£Խºս֣֮ڸû֪ȥ˺δϢ͸¶һαӣ
ٺ١ʵƶɮҲ顣ʵʵ˵ֻ˵ǰڴͶ౦ޣ˵֧ܵ˲࣬ϸѰĻӦܿ
⵹⾪ϲлմʦˣƽ֚֮á
õƶɮǴʦãֱСƽ̲δҲ̫ʹˣӦһͬʲŶ԰ί
ƽ֚쳶˹·֪ͨڽϴıʿ棬ѰҮɽ䣬ôӼ̳Юɽţžá
ţûãСгȻ֮˸ڴɼ֮װӰݷý̽ڼĻ鱨
ɼֵ֮˵ڸеκְλڼкιϵ㾶ֱʡ
Сг˵ɼ֮㣬ʵǵͷĿİܣ̵ҶѡĿ̫̫࣬¶ˡĽڼʵʲôϵûУֻͬգ͹ұű˴õ̬˸Զ׶ѣ
ԭˡƽ֚ף̸£
Ǹ˵СгĿ⾼ɷǰٺУһֱų׺ڹҵЩ֯Խܿܣβ۴׽˾ܵܿأԸµӰ졣֯ﵯˣǱ¼·Ѿ˺ü꣬ûô´ϡ
н𣿡ƽ֚˼µдģ⣿ĽڼӦ𣿡
ӦйˣСг¶ֻ΢ЦʵҲÿʯף֧ڰˣŵʲô⡣֯ȫ̻֮˼ںΪڴҶøµĶ۸ʴˣļ۸ɹÿҪһᣡۣǱˡ
ƽ֚˶Է˼ÿһ⣬ĸԸƽּȴȥһ
Сг¶ü֮ɫӢܽ˻˸£һĿⲻǸ㡮ױλűȯǲģ
Ǻǡƽ֚Цһ£㻹һǰΪ˷ֲǳߵͼ۴ףÿ¶ӽǧᣬͣˣǱȻԴݴ˵鱨Ӧǽǵ߻ˣʹ͸¶ңԴأ
Сгһ£漴ϵҡҡͷȻҵＸˣûʲô˲ģ
ôһֱ˵Ŀ֮ˣƽ֚㲻Цãܷ˵ɼ֮ĹжԽԽãҴ㵣ǧ˱𶯶ӵľĿ
գպ󼴰ǣһСг˫ȼһ㣬˵껰ȱȥ
ܸ㶨ɽҺ͸ôʣµľǡ
ֹһŹسǰһ̬ɷн£ޱ֣°˵¸ոմͬ˵һЩʯɽԸڲ鱨
ˣΣƽ֚㲢̫ϣ
ϱ˵ĻϢϵش󣺡ˣΪʮһĳŮɫԼĶ󣬵ʼδѰٵѡ
˵⻰˼ѵǡƽ֚ȻҸ֪⣬ɫҲȻˣ˵ǧ裿
ǡƽȥһأˡðܹܱԸ¼ҵĵճŮԹŮݣ޵ƽּΪһĸĻ±аȰ˵˳ΪҼҵļʵѣ
PSھҪԼһļ򻯺Ť˵11ʷϵķ̶ȣдȥ


ʮһ 
׵μҵĽǶȿŵȷпȡ֮
ڣ׳һڣǸɫķ֧²ڷһʿ׼֮ɫ䡣
Ȼɵϲ쵼ǣȴһζǿӲģϲͬٹףŴȰͽ¡˺ͷƾڽȨƸļǧɮԺͬǱһ㣬ٲȻѾ롰İ׼ͬˡ
ˣ游ǴλȨͥףǴһλνУϻˡ
Ը쵼ˣ֤λˣȺȢ˶ĵ׹һŮҸȫ¸߶ȡܽӻܰѵλ¾Ȳ²ˣöҲϰΪˡ
֮ͬڣһǽ͵ŮһĽһϸԪһ˿ҵĺۼܱȹҸء
ԸɥʮȨ̳ŲɶرʵĽ黪Ը񡣿ЩľٶƺʵɴȷʯɽȨλֻǣǶڹԵƫͿ־壬ж̫˳
ɣƽ֚ƽնԸϲƫɹһһѳ֯ڲΪһڵġɡ
ֵ˾ԼĹؼʱ̣׵Ľ飬ˡ
ƽּڵʵɣʯɽڣܷϡ֮ӵ൱
ǧΪԸŮӺص̬һдȸı䡣Ӻص¼ȱܵ֯ṹȫǿڽΪŦۼģľ֮ҲǺѣ޷ӵײԱ
͵ܽ鷳ˡ
ԶԸǼõѣսʮֻûغͽǮҪֻǸѣͶοտڰ׻˵½һһǣɼƽǳ˶Ů׼ңǲ˵ˡ
ģ޷ʯɽĶλˡʯɽũ̲ҵÿ벻ᳬʮᣬʵǿ̵ġ

ϾǿˡĿӣƱػִӱܸ˰۵Ϊݻɶѭ
ͬʱҲ˼һذըһӰͶһڸôأ屾޺ûǰټǸͳεġ
˼֮ƽ֚Ȼ¶ġ
ƽһΣԼҳĽ޷Ӧ
ż״Ȱ˵紺Ȼ򸾶غٰͣü귽ʮһŮҲΪ磬ŮƷΪƾҼķʣ㹻˵ЩòŮ뱾Ը£ɻǵصҲɰƽּҵĹأǣŵ֮
𣿡ƽ֚Щȣת˲һ׹ô˵ͱʾ鲻ȫüĿԷѾ˳ֻߵͷٽһĽ̸
ΪʲôԸҪѰĽӴأ
һĵ˵ͨģܲŮ޲ȥɣʮһСѣٳҲǲġ
ΨһĽǡ
Ըеˣ
ֻƽּҶһڸе鷳һҲƽּΪɵɣ
˵ڵģ˫ǽƽ̲᲻ʩƣĻź֯ҵıƽʧȥӺصҪұء
֮⣬ޱĽ˰
ػʱ򣬾뵽һˣ
ƽ֚ĬһȻֱʣְɣ𣿻ίأ
⻰һ㶣̾˿ַȥұ֪ʵ¼ٽֵĻ͸¶Щûиκο϶ĳŵ¾ô¿бˣʵţû˵¼ٽ
¼ٽ¼ТԸµʦĹ١
˼һƽ֚㿪ڵҹҼ´ˡȻԷ޿϶ĳŵҲ޷κλӦ
ȻŲסͷֻҪĻһᾡеڣɶƽּľ档
ȥɡƽ֚üĿ˻֣ûȷʾɷȴǸĬϵ̬ȡ
ǣᣬýؼ˳š

˼һŵĻҼҳѯһʯɽ鱨֮ƽ֚˸ӡصݵУҷ˵˴£õӱҲһԡ
ɷͬǣȮ֮ĹעȫȻһطǧʮˣȷʵҲ΢⡭ǽ蹫ŮݽŵȻˣֻ֪Ը¼ҵĴСƷΣ᲻Щϰأ
ƽ֚Щ㵣Ƭ̺ش˵޵鱨֮У˵ǸׯӺݻĴҹ㡣
ҲԣϾĸ󸮼أһǲģȮƺͦĵӣ̫󣬿Щ֪飬δܳΪҲ곤ЩҲްˣҲһ˵ףҪټһŷİ£԰һ𣿡
ƽ֚㸧Ŷͷ̾˿˼ҵĹŮҲڴ֮ǰԷʯɽԸ£һڵĴɽģѵӦȿô
ޡȮüͷһ룬Ȼ󿪿˵һйõҲӵ´ҽսǲδֱӵĵжԹϵҵĴС㵱ׯĻòؼƽ̫⡣
š˵Ҳԣ
ƽֻ֚ܿЦһ¡ˡδֱӵĵжԹϵ仰ŷԼƺԭʷɵĹӡƽȥˡڱλ棬ʯɽԸһֱ̲δΪ֯﹫ĵˣųһھǧʸǮҲˣⱻΪǡʶ壬֪ˡľٶ
ȮΪ֮֯Ůƽ֮ޣƺһڵӡ󻹲
ʲô˵ʲôҪϡȮ״Щ̿֡
ûʲôֻЩΪ˵ĵǰˡƽ֚ļονԶǱнǣʵǰͶһʲôպǱڵķա
ȮƶǶ
״ˡ˵𣿡ǧɫ˺üΣ¶Ŀ˵ˣǰղ˵ƺңƽּҲŲٷգвͿܡȻ˵ĻӦȽǣټԶҾûбҪΪһڵķնܾǡ
˵õͦе
ֻǣƽܾ֚е֣̲סȤ⺢ӡʮ꣬ѵȢ֪¼̶Ҳֻ߸ʽѣʽɻ˵Ҫ깦أ
ȮԣͷЦ۾ǵǧ裬أҲ˼ҪԪ˵ˣ
ǧʱһŷѣҡҡҲǡûСλλ˵


ʮ Զ
²˳٣ö˴ķ֮ƽ֚ҹӵ·ݱǸϵȪִ֡
УۼȺһ£Ǽһϵе¾ص᪸Ϊ֯ЧȪǧʯܥһչƽʽɽǽһʯΪϯҳβϼҵ֯ҳͨǧʯˣ״ڣɲűԭҳɼ㳼β⿡ǧʯ齨߻β顱ԭедһϡʯŵݳд顱ﳤٺ»ǧʯΨһСλļҳλ۹ͣʹͣɽһһʯʯɲ״е󽫡
һδʵֻǰȥʿġ
ƽ֚һŵȥʮʯİ£൱ڵ·Ȫܺ͵İ˳ˣ֮˿ȻΪȥȡء
͵ͬʱԸﳤ׼е״ڵľӣ£ֻ׼Ĺñ
ҹ쳶˹·ת˲ҵںڡһʮλʿټڵڶ賿ͲˮɽϴϢ
ƽ֚ǲܥβǰȥ磬ȥˡƽּҴӼ̳Юɽ֣žáĽ顣
ѾΪͽĮɽŴʮ־ᣬҵϴ˹ѯ˵ΨһĵܵұѾĽ׸ȴֶƽ̲ĽеĶǺأ
ʮƽΪý𡱵˹񸸵ؿڻ˸ʮּ֣ᶨ˵װĽѣڽòǷΨһ;ȥٹɣⲻϣ֪һжİš
ɽŰݱ˹񸸣ܥβ
·λ˴ʿһֱ˫ֺʮߵĿͻȻ۾˵ֻΪһ仰ͻʮƽ¸񸸣ƽ̲Ԯɽҵţȷʵм֮Ⱑ
ܥβ統ĿԶԣΪˡ
ɽ˵⻰֮ûʲô˵£ʵʵ˰ǡ
ƽ֚߶ӣһʢĻӭᣬʮֿöԷԼҵĶѡѡҹ裬һ裬ճ÷衣
ɽһֱɮ붨¹ž޲ֻҹʱðЩ⻪˵ԴΪãƽ̲ȫ
ƽ֚ȻӦʵġ
ȻɽͱڰǵĶ֮רΪ޽һСãҹֱΪֹҲᾭһͬӣȷ֡
ɢ֮ܥβĻ㱨ƽ֪֚ػȻ˾˾ôһۿҹǸͿأΪӤʵ̫˰ɡ

ڶ󣬰ӭµĹ͡
µ⽻ɼ֮װ磬ᳵӣ糾͵ظϵ
λڽɮͷĿڴʦܵ崺Ĺػƽ֚ԽӼ꺮ůһӦ½＾ʳ⣬Ǯúг⣺ʯİ㣬ʯװ߰㣬һǧΣ֧һɣܴȨɡ
ɼ֮ϲ⣬һˣڵĻȨкܰģһֱҲ¼ңλܵ
ԭΪôһʯȥиǣ뵽ʯȫɹأ
ƽ֪֚ԷܡȯΪңǧöɫʮҡ
Է̱Ǯˣˡм㡢λ֮˵ĻðŻعƤ˵̲³˴֮⣬ҲжڵĲ
ƽ֚ˣӹͷ˵ڣҵġݡרоġ˵ҲǴ˵֣ĳɫ
˼Ƶڣǲף߼ɼ֮㾪°ͣҪ档
Ȼƽ֚Ծһ֧³¯ߵľƷͬʱο԰꣬պĻеǣԸġ

һڽ׵£ֹһŵó
Ըµĸ߲㷻¼Тǣ˺ֿܳ⡣
˫̸ƽ֚ʵظܵһڶԼļɵ˵ǿ־ʡ
Ϊ¼ТԴ֮䣬ԼᵽʯɽԸµķ⡣ֱ˵˵һᣬƶɮоƽ̲ռʯɽͷܷһ㹫֮ڣͽǰأ
ƽ֚һ̶Цá
Ȼһʯɽ
Ҳƽּ˰ɣϳǰǧһĳɿֻһ룬ȥʯɽüʢ˴˺ü궼繦δİ
ȵȡνԭʷλδʯɽսʯɽԸ˿ֻǧྯصװҵУԼҲδսǱж󡭡
ʵڡԭʷУųһʼҲûʯɽһ£ɸUֱ˾͸ȥǿֻŹˣϮͽԽԽġ
ڻûʼ֣γ˴ǣͷµơ

ȻԷĻη壬ͱúܼˡ¼Тڳ˽ϵ͵̬ϣܴʹ˳ɡ
ƽ֚Ҳûо͵ۣΪƻһ̬
ⲻͻȻķװ̫ͷƵˡ
գ߽ѺõĽ̸ֽ˱˴˵˽⣬ȡ˻ĹʶΪһӴ»
һö˵Ȼ̸ûѺãô鲻ܲʾź̰ɣ
¼ТԺƽ֚Щմմϲû뵽ԼѾԸеɵˣ

ϸ˲ˡ
Ϊܿҵ˼ҼɵԼɡ
ʵݡ
£Щ죬βšŨһһЩֵҥԡβ⿡ɫŹ֣ŵؽһ״˹
ʯɽĽϣ಻ҼҵдһҲͬһɷнµˡ
ƽ֚ź˽һҥԵݣȻסˡ
е˵˳ɼסʱõڣǿߵƷԲô׼ĿǰֻƽּϽġݡԳ
е˵ųúѵģ˼ұûӺߣƽ֚㰲ŲŸ⣬ľӹ⡣
дӽ˵ģƽ֚ͻȻΪػºԤףĻʲôΪ˵顭
һӰˣٵԼҪƽָ֚Ϊɱųף
ǡ֯ѹӣĳݳǵʱĸ˽ͨģݵĲΤ¶ѡ͵ʱصƶ˳
֪ˣȻ֮ԱǣҲŨǲҼ˵ĶӡѹסݳǣԼҵݷﵥðһլ
κ֪٣ֲ´˶ࡣ
ͬʱڽܸȻ˿ƶǵ˭أƽ֚˼˰ҲҪ졣ѻٱжӦûôĵײɿµĲǺоǸԭأ
ѵĳЩҵ˲·
ƽ֪֚ҥױҥѵĵǣרԼ飬ͷ
û뵽
֮ѾȻŹƽ֚㵽ףѸ£ϴʵʵ
ͺûġ
һ죬˵öеֻԽԽңԽϴԽɵġ
ҲǡõĴ󽫾һʲôĹһƽֺ֯ϵΣĻһܵõôô
Դˣƽ֚˹ϵĻӦᶨؾܾνס룬򽫾˻˵֯ﵯδʱˡĹȡΡ֮Σ֪֮ġáԭѣ֮ƺкĿٷˣ
Զбܻͬʱ͵͵ѡȡΡˡĹȡΡһСĿǰľ£ǲ˽ġ


ʮ Ĺ
Ԫ꣨1570³ƽ֚һۣ֣ؽˮɽλˣĴҹ̵¡ڵһͨˡƽּҼʽԴ˹Ը
صĮɽɳ֮ȸԾٱȸԾһ׷˺ϲͷϱʾ쵼
һ֮³糿ƽ֚㷢ָڶĹжʽʼ
ۼ״һǧİʮȪ²һǧٰʮ·²ھŰʮܼԼǧֵ˴Сֻʮңˮ߰Ϊ䣬ڽΪﳤΪ󽫣ҳͨΪСгΪ࣬լſΪУںƵ᪹ԮͶ֯ĵع㴨֮ӦĳҲԪס
ʣ٣챾һǧ٣һһǧһʮܼǧڰǣȴһж
ȡõļһδԱ
³壬µɼ֮㰴Լţһټܣһǧʯƽ֚ʵ۽˰˰ٹֽ
ʳ㣬ɫϺõ׵¹ݡڱȯĶһ֮ĳԼҲӾٴεڼӹķʵڲеιڡƽ֚˸ţ֮⣬ԳԶһЩʳõ
³ţ᪴ϢѾ˾ԮĿ꣬㴨֮ɽֻʣͣΨһҲزվ
ͬʱѺëһĹڣԷֲչɱսҲһȲҲԪԭüҵԭ󽩳֣ȴͻȻ⵽һ֧ѼƫʦϮֻòִٳ
ԭƽ㳲ʿ䣬ֵסڼ׷һǰңնʮűסδɢصԷǵǧпһս
һҲԪ֮ٴдƽ֚Ԯǰߵĺﳤסҳ֮ͨ󣬼зƴδʮֽش᪻ǰеϮţȻֱ֮Χ
ʱܵĹǣȴæڱ
ʮģʯɽ֮ϣ֮ס磬֯ﳤյõĵϣƽ֚뱾ԸԴ˼Ҿ죬ܿ˶Ŀһμ򵥵Ļ
һΪεľٺʲȻ㻹ǻġ
˶װд⣬ʵ൱µġ
˿ΰׯϣԨsţ֮ųֻѡֺȻַȷӢ֮ࡣ
žȲۣģǳˡ
ƽ̲Ц糣ϾӺݲȣԳԣĪ̬ƣӦƸյĵԼʤ֡
ųѵ棬Ҳ˿޾ˣοأ
ҵ˸һ棬δڣȰϾһ
ĸǣǰȰţ׽ҳţװʱż˳۲ԷŮʵǲƵ飬ƽ̫֚ԸŮ簮Щ֣Ǿ΢ظôһϷ
ʿƬ̣ǹͷǸ̲סȿˡ
໥˵ЩҼ´塱ҷȱ֮ûӪĻԸ羶ֱʾƶɮ󣬲£ʯɽΣ룬׼̡
ƽ֚㵱Ӧ䴫̣δֹг͢Ͽɡ䲻롯֮ȨԲֺʯɽҸδ졣
ˣлƽ̲˫ֺʮһ񣬽ʣ֪ԣպǷһֱЧأ
ƽ֚㵭ҿɳŵʮ֮ڣƽּҶǱԸµѡ
Բŭϲƽ̲Ȼг⡣Լάʮ꣬ǲס
һЦղ
Լʱλ˲һ
Ըµ紺ᳯ˵ͷع㣬ǷҲƽּҵİȮ죬װŮ̬˵ȮպͰиҵˡ
ľȨ϶ǶϣŮǲԣ͸ˣȥǱڵ鷳
ʵôҴҵһۣҲֻ֪ǷвмǷòǷڳ֮ġǺ飬ô׿λĸҲ޷֪鲻ɸı֮Ұοҵˣ
ֶ
ʮߣԸǲʹǰλȨɽԼ֮ӣδλɽԾŮϵԹһЩ⡣
ɽԼǱԸ¼ҵݣָƽ֚ĸ׽ʺϲѡˡ˼ѹ˶˳֮꣬ǷУԾӴˣҲ̫ࡣ
ѵ֪´Ϊȣ춼ϲ죬ʱȥ͵ͬʱߣùҲֻ˳ˮԤףһ
˵ص֮󣬽̾Իϧ˵ŮȻòٷĳϡ
¶ʮɽԾʽŮԸټٹ£ƽ֚׹Ǵ֪ͨȺΪ֮
һϵ׼֮ƽ֚ػʹݣ߿ԱʮڵǼᣬŵḺӦ
¶ʮգںȪұƽּǴӺͷĿأȴ챾İʮǰ㱨
оԹȴ磬Լ֮ĶԱν൱г⡣
ƽ֚ľ죬ؼȴȻݵ˵ֻʵʵ˵ľһȻϽɽڣұػֻܷԸ
׺ķ˴۽磬֪ۡ
ľϡϼҲɾ͵͵öˡȻϸӺصܹһǧ˰ˡ
ǰֱǧȥܹǧˣػֻ֣еöһǧ˰ˣʵ⡣ȻǵʵܴﵽѾˣʣµֻ
¶ʮգڶԱ˶ǧپƣʶѵɼ֮죬ǰӦ١
ǧɮֻ˶ǧ٣ȥԶԶӺأʵпԵģṹɢǿóսȴϰԶǧѾĸ߲ǿǵƽּǽʹճġ
ɼ֮㷴ͣƽ֚Ҳš
ȷʵֻԱţ֮ΣС֯Ǽʮʯһռĳϣ˰Ѿǰ㲻ˣ̳ıҲ࡭ǲôңҲ˽ۡ
¶ʮգڽֹ֮ǰڵĶ½½ָص㡣һǧˣܥϰ˰ˣ̫ʮˣɽˡܼʮһǧİˡ
Щ˺廹ǱҪһЩÿһҶ˳ԱձϡЩƾɹڸӣȻӺصĲӿɿ
̴뮃ɽ֧Ԯ£ʯɽһڡԵ̵棬ƽ֚ʮ֮ڣõ˰ǧ߰˵ӦȻػɽ۷ڵͳҲԶԶʵĿռˡ
ƾŸ˵ͲһЩ⽻ֶΣեһսǱȡıȴ൱ںȪ·ܺ͡
һȻˮڣǾͲһʱˡ
ִ֮£ǰĳ̶ȣƽ֚Ѿ㡣
ԭǴغϣһǧԵǰҪ˲ȫ½Ѿ̤Ĺǧƫʦռݰ൳һս
֮ҲԪ׿ԽӦܻмǱڵԮܵӦӮ治С
ƽ֚㳹ײȥǽ̶ܵȫͶŵĹϡ


ʮ ֻ׶
·ݣƽ֚æ⽻ʱĹϵս˽֡
ԭôҲԪ׵ĸԷΧһµʱ䣬޷ˣͽȻѣﳤʵǲʵֱǰȥΧֻϮŰڣͼþطЧĴսûֳܷʤëµĺҰ԰ռϷ磬ȻµһʼչӲдʱʱܴСʤ̣ɽС紨¡ھ̸ڲ߷ԷҲ쵽᪡һ
ڣɡ֯ëǳ϶ԿѡáϡĿܴ廹ڣƽ֚һһǧ˾ƶɺĹҪƽġ
֮ǰȻҲյԤ֮еԮ֡
ʯɽıԸΪӺڵ֧̫ͣ㹻׼׼ǰҫһڵǴһӣ򡢲ĥȪԼ·غصͽǣΪĹṩ
ƽ֚յߡеľж͵̴޳ṩĹҲ˱ʾԸӴʹ·Ĺ
һ㣬һ£ΪƽּʡһǧĶ֧
׼ҿˡ
ͬʱ֯ﳤذԳ˶ǧڣβŴױƶǧİ٣ƽּҿɸҲһǰĹ׳׳
˾˲Ŀ
֯ﳤأϽϣʯɽסͶɿ֪ԼǧʯɶԱǧˡȻէûǧˣǺбˡ
ƽ֚ѯδ̵ġ
֯ﳤЦ֯ﵯ׵ܣƽ̲÷˭أҲʲô߰ĵطȨġ
ǡڴ˿̴ϢųɵȥĴٷ¡ڶжľ֧вعһ񣬱˳ǱصܡھӴͲ˳⡣
ϲǰؽʤΪϿׯʱȻȵףֵ̾űԶȻǻȴҲ̺Σգһ⣬вɥʦʧأ
Ȼó϶ɽΪնʱ֯ﳤͽųζԥҧ˹׵֯ȫû취赲һڵıݵĺô
˵֪мߵķգȻԸΪǱڵȥһأ
˵ĳ̬ˡ˶ǣôഫ¿ʤֳܷ֮ǰ˭׼ȷ϶¸أ
ĻǹˣҲһ๦ҵȹеĻȨ˾ٱ˸ֹˡ
ߡӡ̣˱ͷۣʵڲԸ⿴ļҳٳͷˣǸοΪִ£ʮĻ̍ʯ벻õ֣ɷζλԶϺأ
ˣʮʮ㡣
˽ԣҧǰǡִ¡ǡĻ̍ʯǱʾЭڿ϶ҼСЬˡ
ȻԤЩأֻҲǵóԸͨǰķսӮĵλ
˵˵ųѹ²̵ͦôôü֮󣬾˸ֱˣú÷³ɼơǡϸܳĻҸ˵Ŀܴô
ȻҲǴӰٷ֮һٷ֮ġߡѡ
΢ĸп֮ģƽָ֚µĲӷζɺڰ³һʿ䣬᪹ء
δҪ£ǽӼɽж࣬ʼûͶ㴨֮Ψһһӵ࣬롰᪺壬ʮش󣬱ɱʲС
ʵǽͷݵ˼ԭ롰ɱ塱ûκֻءһ㷴Ҫˡ
㴨֮ҵӳǱ٣԰ưܣòһĻ߲ѪӣҲȾˣ׽ҳͶս߽ʣĸʿڣˮϾˡ
أһģԭˣŶüȫԱԹ޷ŭ֮顣
ˡǡƽ̲㴨֮ڵأޣ˵Ļмα
ƽ֚԰֮ŵ跨ȷ㴨ֵߣȻɥĲ죬ʮ⣬αܹ֮ĹصԪ׶֮
⻰˵ã״ŭɶҳʿ񡪡߼װʿ񡪡ʵ˼֮ġֻ˵ҪɱġԪסȴ⡰Ԫס˭н
գմӽгȡĹ鱨ʱƽ֚شɵ㣺ǰҽ֯ﵯŮóεʱ򣬲˵ҪΪԭִ
ʱҲԪɹŵʹԻе֮ǸĿڳ꣬Դ˽͵̲ˣԭҰģȻϲִȨȴڴǰʤǷкͲԼҵʵȨ
ƽ֚δÿɷһЦ
˽£ǲԭ䲼ġ¼ʽ˵Ʒļ˱ٵȨֹͨרУŽʶ֮ʿ֮ڣóοӰˡǡ
˵ѵõɡթʤĸ߶ȡ
ɱԸ˵ԭҾԨԴ嶡
ƽ֚㿴£Աϸϸѯʲ֪ԭԭɥżȢԶңǳԶס
ӺеĴľƣͽЭԭһҲδؿü׵ĳ̶ȣλȫȻ˾꣬˶ȫ޺øСԭ׵ĴӡϽѪˡ
Ϣƽ֚ˡֻ׶вӲʡţˡɮΪн飬ĹϵǷнȰա
ھ˭ǡԪס⣬ȥ°ɡ
ü־λֵ̫ʩе˳ĻֻҪһ㹻ֺʤܶ˰ɡ
Ȼǰʤ
³ߣƽ֚˶飬򰢲;л˺ﳤǧˡر˵ʤʮּѹڳ̬ҲδзעתĿ꣬½ʮһ·ΣٶбܻҺļҾ죬ԭһֱᶨΧҲҵĸԷǣûлؾȼ
֧ƫʦ˽㴨֮Ŀ꣬ûκζĹףԹȴҲҪϿ͡
ƽ֚㸧οһһƹģﵽһǧֱָʤǶȥ
ͬգԭһζԸԷǷϮδźطΧʦس׼ƽ־Ծ
۽òһĳҲԪѾƣ֮ˣֻ㽫ίиܼܵ꣬ѡпսһǧˣ㱼ǰ֧Ԯ
սһˡ


ʮ 
˥֮£Ȼܱ˵ľݣԭʵ˽ܣϴʤһóҶ
ʤǵƫŽдͣƽ־ڱԭϡ
ƽ֚ǧﾵзƮͽգݲȣɵ̾ӶĶ
վִڵĲľ㳤ܽģ˿̱ס첻˵ǲôµıź룬װģӦһ䣺Ȼϣԭ趨·ģҳǰ
ϧļǲסƽ֚̾оһ¡¼ʽݰɣȡ侫ò
ѵûڴӪ̵ҴͻȻ˾죺¾ãԭĵλҲδؾôȹ̣Ӧǲðһսˡ
Ļƽ֚㲻ݸһƨ𣿶Էûоͬսðհ˵ڼƻƽּأ
ҴԸΣٺЦһЦɾ̫û֪֮
ĵĹ򣬶ѾԤȵſ
ƽ֚Դ챾ǧ˾УƽΪ׵һ֯ﳤԴԮҡȪ·²Լ״һǧ֮ɺﳤʱָӣСгξĿӺصڡڼһռ˶һǧٲλãʱָӣܥβ絣ξĿ
ָӹٶǸѼϼЩǣǿΪƽּҳ˚㱾֮⣬ûԵ̴󽫵ˣΨһϵҳͨʱ䲻δҳձܡ
ƽ־ƶĵҲźӰչ͡
ԭ֮⣬ּ˳СԭȼҳǵġóκʮӴ汣ȴйļоͬƺֻùԵλѡ
ѾԴƶϳüҵ״
˫ϵǲźӰڳƣȴ˭Ҳȳ
дǼҰһ֧ʮԼ90ףխҲжʮ£Լ36ףͽѶȲСпˣɻᴦ·硣
ڴ˴ûԸ¶ˡԼͬʹùڣϷͼҵзͣз
ƽ־ߣеĹᶼӵȫ޹˼ɵؽб԰԰ķӦҲǴͬС졣̽ٳСʱ
ʮģ˫վ߶䣬Աʶ뿪ӰʮԶʵ൱ǰٲ֮Ķ䡣
ٲľ룬ȷʵụ̂Ⱥ׼ҲѾޱˣֻҪзܵʶ㲻ܵ
ָѹסˣδЩ쿪Ȼսĵصɲѡ񣬶ǺܶżȻعͬġ˫Ѿڴ˴ݲתˡ
˽֡
ƽ֚Ҵҵǣϵ
ԭڼſսǲżˡ
һֱʱŵҹôź໥պ˰ںţʼûսֻøձϢˮʳԱ
ͳƹľ㳤˸ݣϱ˵ȫһ˼ʸǧ֧һǧöʿ为߶ʮʮˡзʧݲҲ൱
һ֧ļʸϣ߿ɴʮĵļ۸ҲҪǮڵĵǽӽʮһöһ£һǸźӻ䣬һǧüٹ֧ǮȫճҵٱӦеȫߡ
ʽսĻЩǿܾͲӦˡС֮Ʋ⵽ֻʸڱĵҩ٣ô˷ѵĻòʮ칦򡣡
ز棬˿측ŵľ⣬мʸǧ򣬻ҩٶʮ챾ʹѮࡣҴγԼְˣбҪĻҲһЩ²ڣ𴬶ӾˣٴӺȪ·һ
ļȷѵĻһЩҲǿԵġСһɣľ£Ͻȥѯһ¡ƽ֚ͬ飬Ŷ԰ķһۣ˳ҪôҰġ֪üҵĶóݸӻˣзĲӦø⡣
ĪĿս𣿡ŸеЩ֣ȷʵ鱨ϿھЩ׽ģȻ˴ϾǶԷļ磬϶ͳѹ׵Ŀ棬ҪϿҪ°ɡңַʽȡʤսҲδܴﵽĿġ
ƽ֚Ц
ʱʵһһ۾װķ㰲ݵش˽ҲڣԪףϢһǧپβô糿ɵѯʸôš
ԭһ·ϮӡڳҴκľ㳤¶ϲɫȴü
ƽ֚ҡ㰲ԸóҲʱ̣ŵ㣩ĵĴþ֣ǵзӪĸڣĿ䷱࣬һǧ˵٣ùĿʵڲߣѱˡ޷ϮһЩ沿Ӳ
أ㰲δ˼ֻⷬȥ
漰Ҵȴءһľ㳤ҲΪ۾ֻбȻ״˹ҾûһͬҲڱᴦڼΣյľءǴ㿼һ
Ǻǡƽ֚ؿбһۣЦ֪Ǻ˼
κľ²׹ͬʱҲ棺Ȿǲǹˣ̱³֮⣬Ҳǵ죬㾶ֱ˵˳˷â¶ηû˭֮׽
ʱƽ֚㿪ʼʽʩˣ־ɣ״ľʱ÷îʱƶʮԼ4.4ţҰ֮ƣƽ桢ҼΡسʱǰںӱߴȴǿɵһź챾ʱĿǰ֯ﳤǰƶʱ׼֧Ԯ
ҲһǧٴӺƹƽ־һǧ˼һſƽսսйоأֻϣδʤΥβǽƽ̲ƽñ֮
ҳв⣬Ψбһβµ˼ȴûſڳͷˡ
ջƽ֚С뱭ˮԼ˵ˣսҾѣǿҪɱУҪһĹɰˡ


ʮ ߹Ұ
û˯ϰȾĳҲԪףݿƤ𪣬ӡ֮ơѪ˿ۿ;δĺƻ⾳
˿λȴޱȼӲ佫ھ۾Ķƽ֚ĻظźҴκһһֽϵĲֻٶ֡
֮Ԫ׷һζӵĳ̾׽ҳ˵ƽ̲ʱ̣سþ󣬷
ʲôɲУθľδɫ䣬ҡͷս޷磬һҲɱΧѾȴʵ飬ûͬʱǾ͵˰
˵ǣԳļɣضʾ֧ڸԷǱΧһʱ䣬ƽ̲ľӳٳٲڸոһĹͶ˻Ҫѵǵ߹𣿡
ǣǳҲңɲȥ߹ŵõӦԽѣˡ
ӱʮεź֪ô˵ãԶһĵطȥһ
Ǹϣѹ֪֮꣬Ȼʮֽ˶ϳᣬӣڵλ˵ô˻̫˸ΡϷ;ܿ͸֮УҶǸȡˡһ룬һɱ¶ѫλһҵ˱㡣ֱˡػһְڷƽ̲༫ӣڹǰ˵һ仰˵һپ䡣ǰְܸۣպҲδزջȥƾǾ͵úúźš
ʹ˵׆£һ߶߶ͦ˵ġ
һʮǰʼЧڳҲңΪѫ׿Խ׹ϵôһߣȻѾ˾Ӷߣ뿪˺ĸλȴȻֵصģĲҲұֳ
ֻܵͷ
ŻСֹһ䣺ѵһֱҪô
˶䵹⻰Ҳŭֻ΢΢һЦĴѣëʮǰáǵ̶ȣҲͲںʲôػػˣǳ͢ĻҪ͹֧֡ҲҪ׳ǸزͿһˡ
˵䡢ɣһ˵ǣŶһۣش󣬶־Ѿʧһˡ
ʵ߹Ҳûʲôƽ̲˵ʮĹң˼һءҲԪȿ˸ԳЦȻҾ߹뿴ȮҲġڲأ֪ѧʣ˵˵˧ǧ˵Ķã
ڲؼĹ;ϲˣŪǹϰѧ߽ĵã밲աɽǿжʱЭܴűٹͣ
˽һʱЩţ˼Ƭ̲Żع˵˧֧ǧ˵Ĳ޷ʱϵڼлǲ׳ɹΪ壬Ϯŵзزɣ
ǴӾϿˡҲԪЦҡҡͷ۵һ룬Ҳսƽ̲ԭʤΣ
ƽ־½࣬ҲԶԶԭֻһѣҿɡ㵽
ͶˡҲԪ׵ͷҿԶ϶Ҿ˵зƴ󣬾ܾƽ̲Ҳ˱һ˵ĹҪֵ֧ġǡƽ̲ԻԭĴҴ繦δĻкĿĹҪ󣿰൳ռݵǼСǶδػҡֻ֮Ҫڻõĺսͷȴ󹦵ĻպϷĹҪҰ߰裬ſɷڣ
˵˶ľˡ
μϵɣضЩĺ壺е˼Īƽ̲ʵʵҪ⿼ǳҲ𣿡
ܱݵϵܻưΪĹûʲô˲šƶСҲǸ֯ʮͳΪϵɣضȻǿ˳ϵҲ൱ɫġһ˸ĳԪ׵˼·
طĻʵǱȽϴֱʣҲ޹˻ô˼̵Ը񷴵ټ
ɣض⣬ҲԪûֱӻش𣬷ǳһ̧ͷҹգ̾Իҳռ˽ܵ鱨֪֯ﵯ֮ǰǾжô¡񴨽ǻ微֮ţƾǧһ翵־סҰɽƽֻЩ˶ûƽ̲ˣҴƽϢڷףë໥ǣ֮ʣռĹԹơЩˣƽĹ֮ƣֹǴһ̣ܳΪӵȮΪŹķա
˵е㳤˺üӣɣض˲˻ĻӦȻѾıԶˣҲ֯ﵯԲΪСã֪ƽּպһ˲¡أҳǵĶ磬պֱ䣬ҼδؾûлʦĻᡣ
ˡҲжص˵ͷ
жı飬Ҳֻг˵ϣŲԵΥ͡һʮϡе
ƽ֚ⷽЩ㣬Ȼ԰ʩҲδ˽ʿǵĶͣʼܾܿܿЩУηڰƽּҲû㹻ĸһųֲ
ҳ΢ĩаߪʯ֪У¼ǽֽ͵ĹƴսߵŹ£⼸㣬ô󲿷ɵǷӾηˡҲԪױһԴ൱ѷ£ƾòսЧܸһ졣
ԣҲԪʱ̹ϵĸһЩĻ˴˵ľ룬ˡСͺά֡ءˡƽ̲ⲻû˸ҲִУӵָʾҪһܵõӵ
µˣǳҲ빲һͬĵںżҳǰԼܸܵԼҰ׶ˣܲѣ׷ױʾҪҵʱ֮£־ҲԼ
ΨᣬҲͨʵľҡͷɵһƽּҸǸգһֱ˲¡أǸô죿
⻰ֳնʱ
ҲԪ׿Цһ£ֻ֪ǹڹֱ֮ͨҲ̳𣬶һһ˵ƽ̲Դ֧ĺᣬ뵱񹫷ͬһٷԳƵġһȡµĻҲԱϸɽɡһɫĳɾͣҲǹҫ𣿡
ʮļطһֱۣ˿ЦǺǵؿˣǳɣǲͳϡһɫôСԭ
˵̫ˣԵľŸƴЦ
ɣضȴòףղžٵļӣȻͣʷۣսȫǾ˵ģ
ۿΧλڣƺûʶһ㣬ҲÿˣͽȻ˲졣


ʮ ҳķ
ҰԴĹвƿ֮ɭɽˮȫʮԼ196ȻˮĿ֧ļȡϾĵˮԴͬʱҲ֮ɫĺ֡
λձ󱩴֮һȻ˵ġĹǾÿ굽ļҰˮλἱǣûׯڣɽʯϲŭ޳ľһÿͷҪһβſϰݡ
ҲܰǨԶȥеˮҪôڼҰذҪôڼҰ֧ذˮֵȣźõʱÿɵһʯۿʹͷ˳ջһʯ嶷֮ࣻûˮԴĺֻӹȣôϸϣӹȲҲͻÿһʯ
ӹȵĿڸкӪֵԶˮ۸Ҫۡ
ע1Ϊ992ƽףԼһĶ룻1ʯۺ130ÿһʯ൱Ķٽ16Ƿǳֵø˵ˡ
ص˼η벻ˮȻͳΪͷȴ¡
̰̲ڴٽȷ˰գҲܾ£ģ΢еӵͳ߶֪ˮǰοʵʻԭǿɵúܣԶԶֹ΢еӡ
ڴսȨ֮͹йˮ飬ҪʹھҲһ
ȻֻǸ̬ȰˡʵˮǸǳҪֲȵĹ֮⣬ûʲôֵˡ
飬ʮ궼һһ
û뵽ʷƽ־󣬾Ȼˣˮ飬ǰˡ
ʱ仹ڰҹ
ĺսУҼʮأպԼ޷㹻̰ˣܷҾԼӼ⣿
ߣǰҰĵ̣٣ʮδȢӣȴѴ̳ׯӵء
ׯԼһǧʯأҪÿ֮󣬴֮ǰ޳ṩʮ׳Эˮ̣дˡ״ķ⽨
⵱ȻҲǸˮйص飬ϡı׼
ԭǰٿһӶԷɫУ׾Ϳν޷ֻдʡ
ҵȷʵһ֣޷ˡ
ˣΪʲôڽⷢأ
뵽ģǽսķ˰ɣ
Ǿͺͷˡ
ǰ˸󣬻ǹ˫ĺʿַѳ㴨֮֯ؽʤ·Ұ֮ҲԪսһתսУŽѫ
㴨ɱؼȷ浾Ҳ״н׼ǴµģʵС
Ȼԭܹ˲һʯأʮƽ
ɶԴ
Ƕ԰ƽ־еɽһᣬҲκսȡ˶죬ǼõһʯʯķԾ
Ҳǹѹ¹⼸ֻոʧزţûжؿ衣Ǯ桪óݰռ˾۹Ժó죩ĽⲢȫڽˣʤǵĸʱտҲѾ׽îˣʮƽʵסԭѾóһԹޣҪ޵̫ˣֻȷһš
صǰĻ⡣
ôͷû뵽ֻû뵽ìܼô졣
ôأ
ƽ֚һǧ˾ڶ԰ţҲСɾںѹȻߵıԵȻþĴܴ󽫣ȴòֳս顣
ٵĽⷢӣԭֻͷѡ
սڼ϶ȥͷͽһʱҲȷʵòκԴ԰ˡ
˺ϡûбİ취ͦһƽ֡
˵£Һúÿǹˡԭ˼ãʮЩֺõ̬ѴҶ֪ˮ֮£ʵ˰һҪ򲻿ɵ󡣲´ʱ˽²ٹǮΣ⴫
ٹᣬ˵಻࣬˵ٲ١
ǴӹŲ˽⣬ֻ΢һСˮ
ԭǴ˽ǮҲˡ
ȨգȴһֱûаȨļóȢųŮ˶ܿʼõģԭֻһҳ
ݹʷ˾پ㲻ǷëǣҲȷëǲ˶ˡ
ȣͬʱҲܸжɫոսʱôѿˡ
Ⲣûнìܡ
˵ٹ᲻ⲻǮ⡣
ǰΪ˻ȡΪָ
ԭΪٲΪҡҡͷһ⣺Ȼˮ֮£򲻿ɵʡʸҰɭ崺ˣΪʲôԳֵܱɣȥά޵̰ӵأ
⡣
ԶԵ⡣
Զԣ࣬޵ݡ
ԭΪһ쵼ǷȱģҲˣƫƫࡣ
㲻ǵ棬ֱͬǷǳò£ǲ˵ٶĲ̶Ѿǳˡ
һûش⡣
ʸҰɭ崺ü״سʵƫƫû̫ྴҵͲصˡ
ԭһЩְ̰ȷ֤ݣһ߳ˡڡУ뿪ʤǣϼҵȥ
Ҳ˵Ψסԭ֮һ
ʵԭʵϸɵʿձ鶼ϵȫݲʬλزͺֵΪ
Ϊֹ鲢ûʲô⡣
ʸҰɭ崺Ǳ˶ǱȽϷġץУ֤ɽʲô˵ģֻǸϳڣδʩӱĳͷѾǿڶ˼Ϸ⿪ˡ
ƫƫʱѾʵɶղ˵óΣΪ£ĵĴûᡣ
üҵμҶϵ쵼ˣ͵͵д˼״ʸҰɭ崺һЩ߰Ȩ
оͰǶսʧά޵̰ӵۡ
ʸҰɭ崺쵰ȻҲʵؽˡ˼Ҵҵ󣬼ٰʮˣռʮ֮һ
ԭ˵˴£ЬûʹӼĳţһ·ܵʤǱ裬óŭһ٣ƶһµĿͷЭպǾۡۡǮ˰ļ⣬ڡһЧ
ôȣȥ״û׷صġ
óαϾѾʽҶʸҰɭ崺״سʽҶ״س״ͳԺСĳ
İ᪳е
ԭҲе
ԭίû취֪ڣΪǻ˶֪ϵļӺ⣬ʵִıͷмìܡ
˵˵ʸҰɭ崺ˣſò޽ꡣ
ѾŬ
ٰʮļֻӲͷƤˡ
ȻҳǸеʮֲŭҪǰҲͰˣ쵼żչһϵµֻܸɵۡԭǰŰ䲼ˡ¼ʽ涨ҳݸߵԵԶҪеԵȨͻȻ޹ȥض˵ۣȫԼԼ
ҷ洦ʵʵڵģЧԼ˼ҳǵΪά϶µִͬʱ಻Ϊκ©ҲᱻָժΪԲ˵İѱų񷨶ȵԭ
ο˸ͳļҶҲû˴ֻ֣Աͷ֮Žں֮󣬲ǿгΪ˵ġ
ôپ͸ҳžֱܵ˴ܴ󽫵ʡ
ԭһ취ûС
ʵȻܹǰü˵ǣΪǿԲùȥʵʵ˶ʵʱ֪ûڡ
Ψһܸеֻ
ԭҪóݸĺ֢ҪסóܺӾ£Ҫ˰̵ļҳ͹˵̣Ҫ𷴹ľ°ţҪѡϱ⽻ϵ
ľƣȻݣ;ƿҲһ㡣
ľ۹Ժó죩ԺͣδΣҳһģнֹأ
ȻڲˣԺñסҵҵеùƽ֚𣿡һˣԭʼ﷢пɬƤЩأǰľҲ΢㱣޲Ծô˯ȥ߲Ѱˡ
ԼãѾʼҡҡλվˡ
ŭ٣;侲ʣѾͬ;Ӷࡣ
ԭ΢˾Դ̬ȿ˿ڣһжպ˵أĿǰҪģȫעսСǰӣŬս
ˣô죿
ٵĺԲ̫㡪ԶԶϲԭģҲûеȫȻѪĳ̶ȡ
״̾һһݣŵһᾡܡ
˵꣬ٲԸٴȥˡ
תƿӣԶȥһǳɣݶ׳γԱȡ
ԭ¶ο֮ɫ
ܡĿǰ󲿷ּҳ̬Ȼвɻ󣬵һԸ˾ְһάľݡ
һƽ֚е衣
ԭķջûꡣ
ƽּҵĻ֮ʦںӶ԰Ϊܴ󽫣úòһô˯žأ
⼸ҲԪ׹ȻҹԼʳѰԭȴҲҹʳ
ңǰ߲Ƕ֮꣬ȴѽӽˡ


ʮ дսϣ
ѮʢգƷȵʱ
дĺϣս죬һ·ܵĳ̶ȡмҰˮϵ֧磬Ҳáӵˮɹȣûʲôˡ
ٽƬ򣬶˵Ѿûʲô֮ˣ˷ɳӬҵĵط컹ãʿפѣܿǵزСڵȺӷӵˡ
֮⣬д˷ȫϵ˷·ڶ߷˸䣬벻
ǰβšȪ·ҲûںˮߵľӪסôƫƫأ֪ˮΪս¡
ƽ֚˯úܲãʱչîʱ賿5㣩ѹȵҲ˯ˣɴ߳ӣʵĳߡ
ֵҹ֮⣬챾ӵʿҲȷԸڷͷͷߺ𴲡ӱǻҪѵø磬ǰ׼͡
ƽּһ˵ĻʳǱ䣬٣һ£һϰһֻţ󿪵ζÿʮ˹˰Ҫܲͻƹϣһ飬һҡ
θ˻ò󲿷ʿǹųԵϵʳ
ڴ󽫲õɺ͹дСĸ㣬ƿװ֮ģǲģ±ӲųԵϵɼȡ
ƽ֚Լ˯ȣвʣһ۲ʿǲδк״ŷġ˼۽㿪ʼǧﾵ۲µľơ
ʱѾîʱ̣ɫ͸ŲܿѾʼԶоƶˡ
ӶԭȷֻܿӪЩӶѡ
з޴ֹƽ־ƵˮխλãŻ߸ɴɹӣлսܱиɵĽ
Ȼǲʵʵôǵʱ򣬱Եθľ㳤е԰þʼӦˣôĶ
һȥȻԭҲɳ˳׷˹ȥĿ·ٶǧϣҴо̳ҲЩòˡ
֮ƽ֚СһɣϽ֪ͨ򣬾ԷЩȥж٣
ľ㳤ߣȥдһϺͶβ⿡ˡ֧鱨ӽһǰˣҲûзǳϸΧ֣Ϊϣٹ۲һ
ƽ֚һ̧ǧﾵ
ʱԼߵѾңĿнʮ3.3ҵ·̣ȰźõĶɺӵص㣬Ѿһˡ
㹻ģĵȥ½صĻðǹֵǿжɺӣǶʮ͵ľ˵ͺˡ
ƽ֚㱾ûĶɺӰֻͣѰҵз㣬ַӳཫƶѡ
дһϺͶβ⿡ǰųҰ֮ˣǰȰݵڵϣ˵зεĶѾˣҲ˸ơҪǴжϳġ
Դ岻ýûĵƨҲں
ȱ𼱡˵Ҫֽϣøƽ֚㳯һ֣ŵõָʾæֽǰ
д塢βǰϸ鱨
ʱڲִĽǡ
δӺصڡһڶŵģǳڴΪףСԭ¿ȼţĿǧǧˡ
δ״ڡȪڡ·ڶŵģǰʢΪףд塢ȼţĿǧǧˡ
ʵƽּû̷״ҳ״ڡֻһݷʹ
Լԭ˵ıĿǰ·Ӧûʣǧǧˡ
ƽ֚ʱ̧СǰӲϸʣԼĲͼ˼һãƺԥʲôһԵļҳ纮ҳţܲ¶˼ıڡԾ»Ҳûʲôġ
꣬ƽ֚˱ʸˣڰһģԳƶԸȻϣصΣ֪ͨ֯ﳤԼδԮؿоճȼɣɳϵҲңҾҪȡ·ʵ࣬ôԼϣδԼ£硢໹Ҳ֧Ԯԭɼ١ɽˣˣϽ֪ͨɣ
β⿡ɫеΪѣдһӹ糤Ҳƽ֚㿪ʼܹбҪˣճ鱨֮ƺкܴĲࡣ
ľ㳤ָʾûκοǣϽʹ
ηеһƽּط֪Ϊ˸ʲôǡʡǳʲôͻҪʾʧɫæȰһҷֻʣǧˣ߸ֻױһԭѡоǿͻƵսǺã
ԭѾĲŵ˶ߣôĸı䲼ãӵĻԺ֯Ҳ㡣ܺͲضõܣƽ֚˽ͣοҲֵõġٶһȽأ³ɽڶӳʮ㣬ټ֮ҵݺӹûʲô⣬ΪβЩأ
ǡƽּط˰컹ǿ˿ڣվһΣյˡ
ƽ֚ԴЦϳҲһҲˣԭȴһǧϣƵ⣬ǲһնеġǰڵԭͰľνǰɽˣ
ٺ٣ֳأСǶˡƽּطεţۿҳǶԶȥûڳݼĳƺιǱһʳܳõ飬ʧˡ
ֲǵһεĹˣô£⻰üǾ͸Ͻ滻ɡĹ˭Ҫ׷ǡ
ȷʵ࣬ҲΪʱǴ㡣ƽּطƺ̽˸飬ֳﳤʢջֱһΪεĸ֪֮ջЩСá
˳ҲŪǰɣƽ֚һۿƶԷģ漴˵ͷʾͬ⣬Ҫݼ̳мҵǲۡȷʵòˡǱ߻Ҫ˵һҿӣѾ˵ˡ
ֳǻۡƽּطɫʵˡ
˳㣬Ҵ׼һЩ¶Ƚһڵı԰ɡƽ֚ͻȻ˵¡
ȥ֪ͨλ常ֳǡƽּطȻ⣬ȻҾܾ
ʱѾʼй۲죬ͷֺӶ԰þҲԷֱֳ֣ǰδͼֹƽ־ɺӡ
ռƣҪӦֵܳĺˣȴֻಽذ˼·Ӧԣʵ͵Լ˱
ҲԭȽԲص㡣ҲΪԼ绤˧ǽսթƶˣҪ㻨㲻þͳ˰Ūˡ
׷нͬʱƽ־챾ļٽɽһ֧ӣ߰ˣ빭濪ʼ̬


ʮ дսУ
սڳʱʽĻһǹĲӺصʿ
ʮ4.4ϵľ룬ʮ͵ļªԶṩİͲ̫ˡվƽ֚ĽǶȣֻܿԼֱߣελãӰԤڼʸڻ£ǿдͼӣзԴȫءͬɫĺͿ׻۶ɵԺϵһһ
⣬׷Ĺߣɱǹڵ죬սҪؿʼһ¶
̫Զƾ޷˽Σֻƺʮּҡ
һʱҲ¼ս
Ǳ߲ӺصڣԼһڣܼнǧ˵ı˷ٲִ٣±ƣƽ֚ΪЩ˴֮໥ϤȺһһӺصһйͬԣƽּͬҲϸߣºϸԵϼѵܥβ࣬𵽷ֹʧصá
ռȫһǧĽԶӶ򣬺ʱģԭҲֵεİ״˴
ݷͳƣӺء˽ǧ֧ҵڣ൱ͣѾųֱԶ߼ڡһȻϵʿȴսġʱ̴أǾ飬üҽսĺܡۺϿǣзرڴ˴Ҳ
ƽ֚㲢ôġ
ӺءȻ޷ȫƣ֪Ƿ;ܵսӰ졣ˣΪβԼ˵ıأ
Զתұߡ
Ǻﳤ׸ķ°˱״еļҳԼȪ·Ĺڡ
֯ﳤĲڴҡڵظϹȥ֧Ԯδ߳ԶƮ򷢳߰źʾ˵÷򳤵Ҳͣоֹ˾ÿɿβսͽӣµĲӲЩնĹֻ˵˶Լһװ취ɡ
ͬʱƽŰҼΡءﾰˣϼһǧ˰ٱҲڽڻоĿǰƽ֚ԸŵĲˣ¾ۼϰͶ׶֮ʿЩҵʿѣ챾ø߱׼áװͼɹɣѡ½Ϊ󽫣Ӧ߱ԶһũĹЧ
ȶԼһ̰ӵĹҲʼǿɡ
֧ɺﳤʱƵǧһ룬ûʲôָӹҲȱսֵһҳͨšɲˣǱܾϴˢĹǰܵ˫رӵĶ
ԭҲֻ˲ǧ˵ĶȥӦԣЩĹֻǶ߱ѡӣָӹٰңΪ˶ԭƴ֮ȫ
֯ﳤȥһ·֧Ԯþ񲿶ӳڻתƣһ֪ͨ˳ҲԪ׸ı乥ͼʵ仯֮ʹԷԻ
ȥر·;ȴ·̬з㹻ͬʱӦߵ£ҿӦԡ
·
ƽ֚ڿǷӡǰƼǿƣȻǰӰһžžľض·𶶶һ£ͬʱˮһỤ̃˳ŷĴܡ
ʱõضɽҡŨ̹Ǻ
ƺҼҵڡ
ƽ֚˲͵óۡ
Ծ챾ڵװнӽ֮һҲǺܸߵģʹõǡݡʽƷҪȷɣص΢ǿһ㣬ɫвġ
ǰ١ɽӰƸһٶʮڱѣҲǳô졣
̼иʿǰܻ߱ڼʮ⡣Ҳֻͣ۲쵽зоڣȴóһǧ֧Ķжı
ƽ֚˵ͷ¾úڳĲëͨԸ֪ͨһλϸո׼õĶ֧Ԯ١ɽӣ
ëͨëս󣬴Ӽ̳мҵĺӣʮ꣬ŸԪٺ»ʮʯòǿ׳ȴܻ飬µָصǣֻһ˳ȥ
ʱβ⿡ܹ˵ԭƺ߰˰ڱӽǳɫľƷ㲻ֱӹģҲԶķƷ¾ü١ɽӵߣƺЩҡ
ƽ֚ͷ䣬ȻԶԶǸסʿʵǺˣֱһӣ˭ģ
˸ߺСɽڶӵᣬսʱͷĿͷǹˣҸе죬ȥɽڵֱ
ͷǹˣѹҡƽ֚΢е㾪ȣѾ˲ӦòҪ̫ģǰе֣Ѿˣôأѵʲôɻ𣿡
Ǹʿԥһ£ɫƲŲòڣҽŲأʯͽܣŸճʦ˼ҪȥְҸϣսǾ͵͵ɽڵ齨챾ӡ
ðɡԳŲصƺʦǼ˲õĴ£ƽ֚㲢ںǰս£־еСӹˡ
ԭȻôྫΪɱﵣȷʵ˾ȡǰֵʱɲЩʱ俴ԷͼнҪȱûĶ˵һˣҺƽ־ճ׼Яķ¡
λ׼˸˼ĶȻ죬»õϡ
ʱҰ곣Ϊ׵һڲӳˣΪһСǰ֧Ԯ
˵С̫ܲǡ׼ȷǣľɵ幹ͣһЩʪƲ֮Ļ壬ֻ氲װһӣԺܷƶǰߣֻת̫㡣
״ԭǷԴȾӵġƫᳵݷɣʵһЩĶСߴͷȣǿڸֵµԡǹѾ̨ȴֲȽʱӦЧģֻĿǰû㹻ʱȥԺ͸Ľ
棬мʿŴͳϵ˫ֳÿϼһ֧豭ϸ߳ĴͲͲۿűóأѹó֨֨ѽѽ졣һ˳Ͳ׹ع˼Ȧ˫ֳҲһˡͷæǳ⣬ָһ߸δ󺺣ẹ罬๦¿ȥ
˵ԭĶѾʼ˵ֵƽ֚Զ
ӳеʿƺ࣬Աѹסˣǰеڱ͹ʶ˵ڵܵʸֱǹϡŸ¶ͷػǵΪֵþ޴춯Ļϵѹ̫ˣͨѵܿ˷ģÿϴԲС
þĲǽὫϵŵľˮ쿪ͼ측š˵ԭļƻǼڻ·ǿͻ
ͨѾһ롣
ǰκˮȴԼһɰ룬ʮಽۏˮɻЩѣиžɺܶˣ㲻ϣǿԷŻһкܴ
õзװļ϶ƽ־ϽɽһԾŵ˳żˮǰߵûĵشɱ˴ŵӱնһƣľ˳ˮƮˡ
ʱþһʼˣڰߣˮĴɽӵʿУɵںһˡҺɽһ˻
Զתһߵıӣȴû˳ٵţۿþѾмųɱˣ
ٽͦſĹҲͬУźӰһǧ֧ߵˮ߰䡣
ʮʿӦҲиûüγͱжͷȥɵڵء
˫ŰٲҶŵս֮£ڵ͹ɣʹ÷㣬ѵѹñȹǿܶԱͻж𵽺ܺõڻá
ô˵ĻӺءǹнӽǧ֧𣿾Ϊƣβ룬ԭʹãҲӦһðɣ
źԶ򶫱߿˿Ȼһʱвֶɱ԰ȥˣֻǶԷķƺҲңʼûܿס󲿶޷ӣ߷ԵƵ¡
˿һ죬ûĻþȺʼ˵
ƫᳵҲ½½Ƶˡ
֮һͬľ֧ͲӦǴʮ֧ģ;һ鵢˺óĹûߵߡ


ʮ дս£
ִ֮䣬δרѵһʿûԤܵĳֻ߰ѷںӰ߰ˡеĳͻȻѹˣɴɢˣԼĶΣм󵨵ʿ伸嵽˰ߡ
Һüٽɽһᶼо飬Ͻù鲻ؾ飬ԭؽѾƹʿһӵϰ˻ȥ
ʱϽʰһ
״͸˺ܶࡣ
ʵľ壬нʪéƲܸ˴İȫУʹõзڲԵÿˡôĹڱѹͲ̫󣬿Ըݺͳһֻڵзװļ϶ǿˡ
ȻҪĻΪ֧Ͳṩ塣
⼸ɵڴֵźʵڲ㣬ûзֱڿվŰŪĿҲ̫ˣȻᱻзǼʺ
ƫᳵ̺׹񶼾ƹǡܳΪͲ֧ܡ
վں󷽰˰ٲĸߴԶƽ֚һ£Ӷ԰þһپֵ䣬ȴȻûʽ棬ֻɢ̽Զɺӡ
֮ʱٵ趼ǴƫᳵĻϣ˼֮󣬼ûʲôӦˡзֵڣƺǿھС裬Զȸߣװʽ͡˵ǳƽּҵġݡȲĳЩ󵨸ƷľϽʪĲƬݰһӦ
ҲЩûڻõ˱ҲĻ򴩣ʿ˵ġ
ƫᳵƽּܹ緢𷴻ԶڶԷең޷γЧֻɱˣزġ
ǼֻȥصĴͲʱûôԼ֪Լ£ƽ֚㷴ЧֻʮңԲб¶
һǧ֧ںը˰죬Ȼ࣬վǺǱģܴ󽫵ӡʿҲûпԡ
١ɽӽӽڵˣҰڡһڽȥʱþѾһŲ๻õˣҲѾ˺ģ໥ӴͲôױϴɢˡ
ʱſʹµľ顣
δӺصȻȳŵзδȣɳһ֧ǿɳɹзİڷ˻ȥ˺ӵʿλģս½ľˣֱе֮Ӻ˥սڻ˸Ĳӽȥڹ԰ɱú֣ռһϷ磬ʼҲɺӵĻᡣ
ڵ̫Ƚϻܥβ֪һ󣬾ʹһ·Ѱٲĵصɺӣܥڡɽ˾ֻڸԱ߰æȱͳһЧЭָӣж֪ܷɹ
δ۸ϵҶȾ͵͵öˡ·ֶӶȱװùĻҲһСƲʮǧ·ȪһĲӣҲΪһмܵʲôӰ죬١ɽӾӢ챾ȴǸʮ˱ɱ˾ͼֲȥˡ
鱨ﰲСгӧӳһûʲôЧ֯ﳤԮԺ󣬶԰ǧ˵ڸǳױѹơںﳤѰҸʺϼŶɺӵĵط㿿
ʱ䣬ҲԪӦòൽλˣܰԤһӵзֵĻεͻϮӾ˳ƹӣôһ̵ĴƼɵֶ
㲻˳ҲⲻƳתΪʤƣֻҪ·綼Ӯⳡս
ʱͻȻǰݴ죬죬ҡζ
Ҫͻ
ԴƵĲƷǷãЧʵʱ
Էһƽ֚ǰ˺סɼԭӵķͷĿǣһб׼
һǹ
þĵʮλߵʮһ䡣Ȼϰ֮ûôˡ
ϽǾƷҲ̫ڶʮΣһʮξǰȫޣԵزҲò˰ɣ
һˣ̧ͷٿȻźɫɫߺɫеʿ̫ǹSȶ̱Ӱ߱Ϯ
ͬʱЩ߳һкٴˣŹֵ赸֪ʿ߱ʲô
ڳƽ־Ӧʸ͵赲һʱˮƣҲ֪жֻܿ󲿷þȻڿٽӽУ
򵥵ľ帡ŵȻɲ̫ͬʱʹãഩ׵ˮźӵˮǰľϷһѣһ
ֳǺҪģʮ֮ھкܸߵ׼ˣвĳپͻᱻࡣʿԭȻ̫࣬һ
ǰȫǴڵļУü࣬һȥߣ180֣ߣ첲Աʿȴ֣һɵʮǹֻ߼ܣȴ˿׸Ÿŵľ壬粽Խ˺ģ밶ֻʣһľ룬һģ嵽ǰ档
˻ɣɷߺ棬һֻԳɣ
ɼԭĹĹʿٰɣǰδԭսûһһȻǲǱҵĹͯҲδء
֮һ仰˵ˡ
ƽֻ֚Цҡҡͷ˵ֻһ֮¶ѣǿ׳룬ѵס
ĻҲû˵ꡣ
ΪǰȻһǧ仹ҪƴĶ
ɼԭԼˣȫĿࡣ
þں͹嵽֮ǰһ˲䣬ʮ֧Ͳ𽥵ȼˡʱԤҪһЩûзӵԤǵǰʿٵѹһҲ޿ɺǡ
ЧѾˡ
죬Ũĺƽ֚Զ˵ϡÿͲ﷢ģǴʵ򣬶İٶй΢С衣
áŮɢߡȺԵòֱۣƽ֚ȻǵһμˣҲ³ȣɵС˵ġ滨롱
׵ϣʮ֧ͲҲ˵һǧСƬ
ʮþʿ˲䱻긲ǣͬʱء
ȥÿеüǰǸ˵ٵĺ佫ڷʱƽּؽʮˣɺ֫ٱʮƬɫϳݡƶϿѱϡɢܣٵЮѪ罦ȥұǰۺСȵըúɳȥȻǵڵȫϢ
Ⱥ嵽ϵģܼжˣԶģûͲƬˡֻǼι״Ŀֲߣ㶼֪룬ʶͣ²ӡ
Ѿʲô˼öˡѾĪùᴩʬǣѪɣƮʿϣһˡ
ɱ
ʿŤת˲䣬ѪۣѾ΢󳷰ɽһ߾𵶣˻Ҫ塣
Ȼþͻӣһɢˡ
Ȼû˵滨Ĵ˵ȴҲԸû˵Ŀֲߡ
վں۲ƽ֚˿
ܿǹ磬ûгɱˣŵЧǺģ͹ˡ
зʿǿ϶֪ƵıЯʽʵĽ֮ÿװҪһϣһ֮󣬻Ǹˡ
ԭû취һ֮ʿٷһͻˣлץʱװ˵ỹ𵽵ڶأ
ղŲݿڵˣһûôսֱӴӴ鳡İ﹤һǲϤ֪ʶûڵᣬҲпԸƵĵطһܷܲӵøһ㡣
ϧǣ鱨ƽ֚ա
дһϷ糾͵Ǳɻˣ·ϻѪر¸մӳҲڵ˼ҳһǧԭԴױͻϮΣȡ̴󽫰ʢзѾˣ
˳⻰ƽ֚Զȥ
Ȼһþ߳һ飬ƽ桢֯ﳤ桢ﳤ׵˵Ķڼѹַɺӡ
ϧѽ
ƽ֚΢Цҡҡͷ̾һ䡣
˵ǿϧʮɣϲΪ֪ڿϧʲô


ʮһ ۳ɰܣϣ
Էûзڶγ档
þܵͻϮ̴֮ʿɢȥﳤסƽ桢֯ﳤӰת·ϯ
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ԭӦ˺ţͬıǷȺһȥģɣɫнң廹ͷδлײ̤Ļ¼
ƽ־ɱҪӵĹ򣬶·ʿȻЯƫᳵͿɺӡ
οþڱѹ󣬲ٸ֮󣬲Ŵȥġ
˰ܶҵ״ƽ֚Щ裬֪ͨ׷ɱ
鱨սһЩʶǱߵĵоСʱųʱӺص˳սߺ󣬸Ҳڳһʧ֮ʿ˥ˡξĿܥβս̫ǧಿӹӳɱһȡһ׼Ƶ׷ֻܾѾǰϡ
δʱңƽ֚㱾ɹдս඼𽥿£
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зԱһʵͽ䱸ģȫչ׷ƾ¸ս֮ʿʲôɹġ
ƽ֚û˼
Ҿȡ׹Ű༶׷ɢԼݸ۲죬ԭԼǧ𳷻ȥĵǧ˰ܶδңһս֮ľ㳤ʱܽĽۡ
ּƣõзǧࡣСгһ˵¸ղ˳·ѯһ¸Ĵ񣬰˵üʮó¶Աģ𵢸飬ֻվܽǧٴΪǲӦøԷᡣ
СһһսĻ磬֡
ֻû뵽ڴԷϷԵҲӦ͵ҾС˵úе常ǽսȻСʤȴ»ɣ׷ȥٴһ
ƽ֚ЩȻѭȥȴƼʵԲ̬ȹĳҲԪףȻ
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Сгҡͷһϧı飬Լ״εξĿսʾźûġͯӡǻĻ˵ķʵ̫͡ʿ硢ࡢȣȻԳҲԪҲ̫˳ۣܾǳˣֵðͷ
˰һƽ֚ľ㳤ӵսһһĽʿڽʱն··ԲһЩӣ۵ľʹСڴٵҰ곣һˡȫƾе֮ûʲôôġ
ûֳ˴ж֪飬Ƿ׷ױʾʮ𺳣Ƿͬ˵ˡ
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Ϊһս䣬ȶֻ˵ۡԴгֵʶ
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ƽ֚һ΢ЦŹһӵĸ鱨
һľҼҶ⣬˳˫ȫһܣ£ӺصĳϵĳԱľΪ
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ԭļ̳ǵճؼ档ؼѷ丸ıȴʤ֮óŽģǹϵˡ
ƫƫϵȥ֮ǰһ꣬ľؼĪ޷εԲսκɲˣȫˣڶ۵
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Ȼ򡭡ľһѹͲǰռ̳˵ı׼ġ
СǷһֱֻ֪¶赶Ūǹ˶ʮ꣬ͻȻҪѧһЩƵ飬ʵǿѡ
Ϊǡα˺ϽľءľңôһȫεļҶȤ
ǾͷεĶԻ
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ǺǡЦЦ̧ͷϿգҲ˵ˣս֮ǰǿ仰һһǡֻ׶񡣡
Ҷˡľؼصص˵ͷ飬ľһ֣ؿǡ


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սڶ죬賿˳꣬һֱתļĹϵˡϼҳƽ־ʿԼ̬ȵЩĻˣƻëѵ̽ӡȫ֪һ˾ȴ֮еıҡ
鷢þ˵Ĺ̵С
ԭڱʵĿģսֲʱϳˣǧĲӻصʤǣ֡׼ҰʢҲԪȡѳڴڳ£бϺ
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ѾļҶóΣͻȻʮӴ汣ÿϸ֮Ȳһվ˳ԭʡ
β⿡Գ˵һڳתԭģ
ǰ֯ʱѾóҰ֮ˡΪǰȴӦóݣ֯ҵؽأΪ¹޶ˣƽ־ַսʤ֮Ҳˣƫƫְܸ˶ԷҼҿνΣѣԭҾҪú÷ʡһˣ
ҲתʵԸ߲ߣԭԶԣкҲ鲻ҳ
ҳ塢״󲿷˶վǱߣһָλһʮıͷϡ
ԭΪִΨǾ٣ͷġ
ǣ˭ǲţ˭ͣ˭÷ǲз֮ĺ׼Ĺʶʧȥܻ˲Ĵѹ
ңһִƴȨʮˣܱ֤ÿ߶Ǻ˽ĵܱ֤ȫ˺öӰܱ֤سͷ
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˹Ȳ̸ԭ׵ܵܣʵԶݵǼһΪΪŴαֳǳ⣬ģóձǴ˼ٴָԭҵļҳױ֮æʡ
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⻰˵ÿν޳֮ȣܻǵˡǡǡҡΪԾ͸ߵöˡ
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ǶȨĵӣȻɱģοԭȨڼ䣬һڵŴ٣ԼȴԽԽǿ
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ԭ׽еĳڴΣ߽ӣԼʿȡǺţվ۹Ժó죩µĻҵѾĩգ
֮Ļ䣬ҶøӣҪӲ¡ܥµܵ٣ͬС
һ߾׳ңʣµԭɸƵһ㻰Ȩûˡ
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ÿѡΪʹߣԡԭΪǰᣬƽ־档

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óСѾʮˣǰĺӣʮʱûκһܹӦеȨȫܿճɿܡ
ᣬʱԭܳһ޿͵͵˽֧߰Ϊ֪ԲǡϷ롱ã
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ҪģǾȴóεʹߡ
ڴ֮ǰƽ֚Ծɰ۹ڲ
һҲԪ׵ĹȻֱַӴӺصľңǸ
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ƽ֚ȷʵԸڱֳʵ̫⣬Ҳ޷ƾ͹ѽοǰɮʮֽС΢ֻԵôëá
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˼ֻկأû̫κҲȻػͳΣͺץסʵ˳Ǵַ
ǿĦȻӲ̵ȻҲһְ취ʱڻûʵ
ռݶʮʯأɮǧ˵ĺУƺһʱûʲô취ԸʱֶֻͨμЮƣ֤վԼߣȻѹեһЩˡ
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Ȼĸ¶ϳ̣ȻΪǮȪǰڽʿʲôɰѱأ
ԺĺҲкˣͽڡȻ֯ѡĴҪսʱڱͷ۱ö̫ߣӾˣġ
⻰ƽּҪģԵóѿˣʹкúȪ֯ġʮһڡɣ
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լſ̫ˡ֮Ͷƽ֣һǱüʵ̫ңһ֪ǽ½ҵѷ丸ͷȻβս·²ƺȱ֡
½սԶ硢ɽڣ۹ͯƽˣˮսҲǰڽдڸС
дսУ֯ﳤ桢Сгնࡣ
Դƽ֚޿κΡ
ѾſѾӵĽ㣬޸ԼͷŴ֣ϯһڵƽ棬Եν֮ˡµĹɽһ֮һҲܿŵڵķϣ취һѡ
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ҲͶذݷ
ããΪض񣡡ƽ֚Цúܴ飬ҿλõŲŶʮͷɣӢ۳갡
ʿеӡ󣬺Ǵӻһ·ƾս̴󽫣ԭظƺǸУҲһЩսȡ˵׼ȻǲСѫֵøһЩɫ
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˵ùûʣ߼ҲȥУϵﾳģ㲻⣬ɱ֮ǻӣصʵڡػ档
šΪ֮ƽ֚״˲ŶԵһػķ緶
ѹؼظһ飬͵Ƕϵ粨ˡ
ֱᣬȻͷһתʹļ׵ϧȸʱף̳Ūüڵ಻֮ٲհƽ̲ڣҾʱһ
ƽ֚ݸһЦÿɷ񣬶𰸼ϵıһڡ
ֱɫ֪̲ĵûٶ໰ϽŮߵʩһһȥ


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ÿհݼƽ̲Ҽ²ݼңͷ˼Ҵ˼ĹʵֱǸ
˵ʿǽЦҡÿ۱ǵҶóεүүѾ˶˳֮뷢Ũܺڶ٣°жýݣɤȣݺƣ̬òֹƺʡ
ţǰ˵ġ
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ûгִԽߵʷУÿûлصĹںڡȪ֯˳ڵĶԿտϣų
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ֱߵİլſȵָʾڽʮֻһ棬մк԰οЦҵƽ̲˴ȱΪǷַ泼ҲȡֻҪü׻ޣõһЩġ
ÿæ˳ŸӾ¶а֮ɫԻǸмʹ氢أóΣл
ƽ֚λ׵ߵףֻͷۺ룬оЦδÿɷ
ʱڳһͻȻˣ

ǼֱլſԼϷݵʶ̵ö࣬ǡôվŭڣ˶ɵı飬ÿ߳ӵα٣ʵڲ⣬δϧǰƽ̲ˡȣѾǷ飬˭ǾȻԲڸģȻ֯ؽ֮£ѵȫƵԭ𣿡
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Ȼ͵ѡվƽ̲һָİ
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ÿˣϲĻ˶ʿԱȽԲȻʱƱǨĽǿ
ڰ᪵ĹǣͲ˵ˡҰĶ붼εȥˣʣµʵûдǰİҵеõ̫ôȻҲʲô
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ÿΪһսö˵ĳߣ԰լſֱܵݣӦ磬ƽ֚һ;۾רע©һ֡
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˵˰죬ϸȴûʲô̫ʵԵݡ޷ǽԭˣٰԭҵ˳˳ȥѣЩ᪡·Ȩܾưչ֮ģͷԣ¡
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οڵһǽʹҲʧΪһ٣һ˻ܲأ
һ룬ܹԭӣǣѾһˣϾҲ̫д
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˵ֻһҪ׷ӵģÿԥӦʵƽ̲ҵȶȻѭ
Ȼеģһ׷رԽأ
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ںó׷ڼ۸ϵͣһ㲻ʮᣬʹƷҲʮĵΣһ֧ǧᣬǮƽǺֵģοǶԭܵ˽Ǯ֮ʹ
Ϸȥսɣһʮ֧ÿɾʹӦˣ˸һŻߡ
áƽ֚˵ͷԻȥ԰أóΣֻҪղ˵½Ծ֣ǰľɹ㲻ټƽϡ
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˵Ӳʩ˵Ǹ߸߾¡
ÿæϲذݵǡ
լſ״ĵظˡ
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Ԫ꣨1570꣩İѮ϶˼꣬Ȼͼת˲˼ˬĸܡ
ڴͬʱҰˮλҲǣвҰĺӵ̡ƫƫսδʿүһֻǰߵϾ˼СǳݷزҪ֮⣬ް취
һУѱнûʲôϵˡ
ķߺޡ֮ԭʵתĺʱ˯˼Ⱦ
ǺЩûйѵˡ
ʫֻǴ߲ʵҲ׷ġ
˿Ҷε鶼Զȥˣֻʣ±ʳ£ҪΪκ˳еΣмľ˼ˣСԺߣ羰ƬҶ棬ֺ
Ͼ˥ˣգ־ˣ㱣֣ƺѳϿһΣ̡
ֱһݷã˲òѹ
˰𣿡бӷԭʶгҳͨĹ;ӦվֱӣĿڼӦ˵ƽּҵҳɴˣٸ֦֪Ƿ˸Ժյţ벻߸֪
˲Ϣ֮ڣƺ쳾ļʧˣǰȻǸֱϣ಻ɳӵʿõıͷϣҼѷֵ
Եðҳͨŭ֮⣬ֻںҡҡͷȫȻδϣֱ˵£Ȼ˳˴˴ôڵľƣҾԭ;ȻӦõҲͲˡ
ĬƬ֮ԭҡҡͷ˫ĿɬЦһЦǺǣΪףأóΣɰ𣿡
֮Уǻɺͱĵ˼
ҳͨÿɷֱ׳ػش˵Σƽ̲ѾӦʡ˼ҵΡһʱ֪ˡ
ޣ𣿡ԭ棬벻ƽ̲ˣȻ簡һΪ磬ֻ׸ѹʵľ۹Ժó죩ء
Ϊ޵УಫĹϵڳƺǲҪġ̲ٸǳ͢ʽĹְԳƣǳҲòʾϿɡ
ֵȻΣȴʮǿġ
˭˵أҳͨˡ۹ԺĹʱɫܲȻһ£ת˲ָֻ˹ž޲飬ӦԵ֪֮Уȷʵֻƽ̲ھ۹ԺᲢۣԺͣҲҪѷһڣ̣򣨳ݣ㣩úԶʵǲԩҲۣ˵ҰأɣҾҲ˵Ұڽ֯Χӳ졣֪ǣʱʵƽ̲Ӧҵ󣬹Żɽġ
д£ԭۣЩȣ鲻ԸصͷȷʵǾ۹Ժǰ飬һʵȡҳϣһ㹻ţὫҰͬȼĶ֡
ҳͨҰ˷ѾĻҲͽ޹䱻֯ѹѶĲƲʵؼõģƽּҡ
ԭһ֯ﵯӣô˵ͽ޹أƽ̲Ųߣôô̿Щ֣
˵ҾͲòˡҳͨͻȻСúһɣ̵У֯ϻĻͷǳղõʵ˭ء
˵ƽ̲漰ˡԭؿʼ롣
ʲôû˵ˡҳͨɷнµϡ
Ŀ⽻㣬һŸԵͷ
˵°ɣҳͨ˸ºƽ̲ҹѯʣҾպ֮£ʲô뷨
պ󣿽֮˻̸ʲôպ󣿡ԭ֮Աǣһпܻõ¸𣿶ԿĻġСѵȫ𣿾꣬Ƕһ
ҲҳͨƽʵԸ̬ǣҹѾ׿˵ˣԸ˳Ļ˾ͻ⡣Ĵð취Բοһұˡ˵ʵڵ֪кȨְüȷʵ磬ǰͷڻͺСˡ
Ȼн𣿡ԭĳԾˣ϶סȻ˼ǲ˼飬ǱˣҶȻҪЦԷ󣬲ġƽ̲ѫ˾֪ܼԦ⡭ǡڿʼţ˵ȷǲѷھ۹Ժˣ
ôĻشأҳͨȴ˹ؼ⡣ʮƽǸܲµĻƵģȫûһڴɹӡ
ǺǣǺǡȤȤԭЦԼĶҡ˵ʱ侲ģȻһſڡֱֻӻش⣬̧ͷ˵أóΣԶӢǿĶ֣֮ʤǾͿܻɡ˵Ǽҳ˰أӭ¾ƽ̲ҪΥˡüҡĳŵҲûûˣʵڲԸ֮꿴飡ԸΪĹ˵İ֡
ҳͨ̾һ£¶Ȼظ߽ӵı飬ĬһʵļأΪǿһ𣿡
أԭЦ˵ҵ˰ҳͨ;֮ԽƺΪҾʧݾУ֯ȡɣлΨһãΪ˼ĻͥҲʲô񼫵顣
ҳͨ۾ҡͷ̾ѹαϸ˵Ȯڵ·ݱͯƽǧ£ƴӡ
νǧ£뱾Ը¶׵ĵճɿǱ֮ۡøĹϵˣϲɺءԭ٩ҵļǳһڣӾҲѪϣԸ¶ᱣĸ˵ȫʯɽʿΪݳƽּңҲԵõٻұˡһиĶ֮⣬󡣡
ҳӴ͵ԭͲӿ𣿡ҳͨƺŬ
ԴԭԺЦЦӣ丸ʱһģһĸңҿƽּҳƳҲȻǲϴӦģҲһưɣ
ҳͨԶԣֳĬŹ۲ãǰ־ᶨܴ򶯣ǲȰ˵ֻһ䡰֮£Ϥƽ̲պĴӣЩҪһȥˡ
ߵſڵʱͻȻԭ
Ժˣͣʮǰˡ׹ǹԲͨʫóֻӵܱͬ˵ǳ˼һǴԺС꣬ʱδԪȴŴΰο˵ֻǱ֮ǻʵ֮ͨȴѵõı졭
ҳͨһɵ۹Ժó죩ԼһΪٵ֪̼֮档
ĽŲȴͻȻӿ࣬ת˲ҲĻˡ


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յҳͨĻظ֮ƽ֚пֶ֮࣬ԭ˸һʶ
ƣȴɲϹ˳۲䡣
Ȼ׿й׵֮ţ֮ĵʶ̫ˡ
ΪҸ嵨Ϲᣬµİ취飬޷øϲһͬ۹ã²˺ӵڣϸķأȻټͣһ£ȴҲ
ͬ˶۽Ȼ죬ȷʵԭġ
úĴʻݣôʮ͵ķɣŽ׼ܱ¹ǾԵĽ׼ǰѹƺûǰ;ġ
Ϊ䡣
صĿǣƽ֚ϽԭˡԿĻԼףȴԼҳ̾Ϣ˵ʵҳ
ҵ£Ϸǳȷй¶ȥ˽ۣ֮ھʹĹϵķ˾֪
ȻⲢûӰԤе⽻̡
һ֮ʤǵóǲͬĸϸ֮ʮӴ汣˵ġǰǩԼֶӺΪʣǰƽ־פأʽ͡
ûʲô˫ǩ¹߸ĺԼݰĵ㡪ԭһ壬ԼĹӣǣ͵õ˶֡
ƽּҵཫʿɶʮֲԴ˳͢Ļ̲ٸˣ޶óΣȻûԵֻϯ͹ҲֶֻӺã̫֪ߵغˣ
ҳͨǰ͵ѡ֮üҡͷԵʮʧƬ̾ͻָɫ糣ʲôҲû˵һ֪İլſΧ˵̬֮Ҳ⣬˵ش˾ЩǷˣӦӽյĻǡ
ƽ֚㱾ȴû¶ʲô֮ɫϸ֮ʮӴ汣൱Щܳ޴ˡ
ðǰȢ֯ﵯŮ˵ҲҵֶŮˡȻޣôǰĶԹһɼ̣ϣλܾĸҪĹ붯֮С
ʵ겢󣬵ƽ֚ݣٲȻ԰ڳͷ˵ˡڡĸ档
Ŀǰ˽⣬ϸ֮ǸթƻСˣʮӴ汣Ǹıԡı׼ҲЩ£ԶкܴëóΣ˵ߵȱ㣬ȫһǴӵܣ֮δԹΪԭܿյˡ
Ͷ˸̥˶ԣ޶۲ڳΪϰ޶۶ֿǾȡˡ
ûƽ֚⣬ǲһڴͣóմȨ֮µĵһˡΪһ翵ųƽּҵ½ʿ˷ڼҳǰ¾ڸеĻᡣ
ʵϣҲΪƽ֚žС̬ĹϵʵĴá
Ȼüҵļ̳һֺ֪֮ˣ죬鶼֮Եߵ֣ʱ͸ӴݲȣǲǸȡĹĺʱ
ƽ֚Ѿһַ߽üҽʣĿǰֻڻصѡЩԥˡ
ְ࣬Ҳᡣ˶ܿǣʮգ¼ĺһ죬ԭһСԼӣǣһ뱻ƽȥƽּüҶҳա
Ĺһӭĺƽ
óԵĺ̶ѭԵɵصϣһ֮ʤֻʣ²ǧˡ
ƽ֚дӣΪ׵Ǹµɼ֮յõ֯ﳤ棬мĴڡ
˼ȷʵũΪ󲻵á
Լ챾һš״ԼȪ·Уѡ񲻽ɡ˰еĸ壬ǶԼս
һһ̶ȡũ롱ԭ
һ棬ƽ֚ӵսʤŲߵܳµظòûгĵͷҲԸеһʧսȥԴóֻĽʵķݡ
һǧ˵Ķ飬һ֮ǧ֮ڡ
а˱ͷΪĿؽľ㣬ʱӣǳǴֱ
˶ܴ򣬶ڽдս¹ͻͣҸҪǣüԻޡ
ֱǳֱ˵ڹ˵ְʱ䣬ϣƽ̲ǲеϲأֹм˵ļҲ
ʵ̫ʶȤҲ̫޳ˣ
ƽ֚Ȼͬ⣬Ұ˸ػλá
ľҲƵĻЩǿľؼһ˵ӺصͬǣȻСоҶƽ̲ɹķкദ
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ǣػʹɽҵĺˣȴԸһĻȱηǷǳС⽨ʱɫļֵۡ
֮ԭ䳤ӳصõиҳͨͰլſֱνױȪV¾סӺڱԸµн£ϳƽּңʱŵȥΪľ
ƽּҹһǳϷԵĵݴڽʦǰԺϡھ︶εоȶԣԭ˽صڣʽųʱɼס˳еĻɫܿͬһ
ʣµĲö˵Ȼᷢ롣
û취ģڹøɾ䣬ǳɡ
ƽ֚ҲǿҪݺֻǰˮ룬ϴԼϵɰˡ
ԭԸȪ֪ڡı֯ﵯ»Ȼܣİɡ
ԲҪʲôѹ
üģֻһˡ
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ȻһǷԳлҲԪȡٰ᪴ʢĹͼʼˡӱ˿¶κҰԹԣж˺˵˵ƻȶŽᡣ
ȻûȻˣƽ֚ڴͥ½Ӽ˳ҲԪ׵ҳȻóǧĻƽ𣬲˵Щ걥ս֮࣬ЩƲȥؽɣη䣬빬ڵҲԪף
ʮ̧ӣڵһƿȫǽӲӵԲʵ̫𺳡
ҲҳԪױ֮⣬سѳֲסˡ
Ҳ̩ꡢɣضءţҳΡеĿ֪࣬룬е۳죬ڣе˾һκеĽװȴ̲סҪ
ԷǵľʴǧǮʵȫʿһ굽ͷԲȣҲδܴճһӡ
ȻھСȯִױλֽңγϹȻǹгǵںϷҲ͵佫𣿸òʲôɣǮˡ
ƽ֚ǴˡǰЩҲļҳûڰܵƷǳϷгֵǵֶֻͬ¼׻ѡ
ʵƶͨƽּ⿪ļҷֵ֮⣬ûʲôģԴ㣬ٶĻƽ𣬳綼תȥġ
ΨһǵĳҲԪ¶һ˿ɬת˲ţм㣬ϻ̳Ͽֵ̬ʹ͡
ĸسϹ۾ʱûǽ
ͬʱڼ˼š֯ҵ˶ԽдսʤʾףأҲԼͬһЩǡ
˵ǽϽغصȼطʧصļ˴ǵĹġ
Ȼƽ֚ʱĹĶ֮һǻرڵУȻȥЩ飬˻˵ЩͬԹ֮ķϻ⣬ʲôʵҲ
ѹͲ׼صȥ
µİǧ֮ʱƽ֚ҲԪ˵˵ǰԭţܵϮŰģ֪·
Ԫ׾ʵԸ棺һҼɺ
ƽ֚ɻ󣺡һٽһ涨λپûλп֮
Ԫ״ѽᣨλŶ֧Ԯ轻紦Щ̡
ƽ֚ԲȻɫİȻ泼Ϲᣬ͵ϮӦĻľƣбҪǰֹˣ
˵ݰѼһԹϵܣεõ˸߹١λ֮ëйӵģΪë޵еĴʼ̬ƽ֚Ļеλ˵һ䡰泼Ҳûʲô̫⡣
ַľô˳ˮ۵ˡ
֮˷׷׻Ȼ򡪡ѹֽдսĺδĸоԭô°


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ƽ֚ڸԷǵľ֮УȻ½ʿ˽ļƻȥţ֧֡
߸ϵѶȡ̬ƱʾԵͬͬʱҲдĹϣԽˡĹȡΡƽּңֱȥ밢óҲԪְѰζ
ǰȻӦʣش𵽣վͻǲسϾݷĻ̬˵գϾˣս½ٲμˡ
֮ƽ֚ȫȻΪ⡣
ѾǰӿΣˣʱһﻹĵĹϸʲôС
֯ףʤ֮࣬˳ἰΪ˼νؼʱ̷ط᪸ǵ٣ѾศУ׼һŴҲΪʹǧƽּҵѩǧСΪ䡣
ΨпЦ
֮ܽδ׼ҸƺӦһġ
ǣƽ֪֚ĵϸλԼͣսͨĵǳҷԴĻˡ
Ŀǰ΢ľ棬ϣ²Ǹ⡣
Ը͵ÿ쵶Ӳǲеģ
ǰؽġ²гΣɡһƺûб֯ҷϡ
ǵ͸¶ߵĻر֪᪸õӵģ֮⣬̴󽫳ˡڴ微ʤĶŷ侮Ϧ֡ǰβڱͷݳƽƼȥӱɾеϣԼǱ֮ۡ¡
۶ĵı£⼸λǿޡ
κ꾡ܾλܵ磬ȴƺ⵽΢Զûб֯˽ټ
ƽ֚֯һһģҲΪ飬ȥܷˡһ䣬ѵõ⡣
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蹥ԵĳɰܣȺǵ̬ʵ𲻵ʲôؼӰ죬ǣģǹë뱱ݾͷѡ
Ҫʮǰ˵ˡ
ǰĲóʮַ̾޼ƣΪɣڽĵڶҵС
ΪսķˮأëԪ˲װͻ˾ǹļҳ̶Ⱥɼڴеɱ人սΪǡսʱھģ֮ս
Ȼ죬ϡ֮ĶſڱŻȡڡӡµȵҲͼˣһʱӿݺύᡣ
֮ܵΪҪս
ëֲ˺Ұ԰£Ѿ֧Ԯһ
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Ӵ֮󣬺Ұ԰һռԵȨҲԪҲûȡöλ
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һ棬ѼҶڷǰ¡ŵеǣڼоӼԶƣֱĹĿ΢΢
ʱġ蹥ԡʵȴײ˼õʱ
ҲԪ¹ɽϣݴǹ׳ΪǰפĴӪƽ֚ڴٿԴ˴ַжר顣
дһϵĲһֱŶļӣʯǰڰաŵ㣬β³Ǳݵķ
˸鱨֮ıôģ
ѽᣨǰգ뿪ڳǣǰΧ¼ҵγǣսǰһԻȡЩǮ֧ԮܵõԮҼҵëϡ½أëԪͣ˲񻯣Զʱ޶࣬Ҫ󼪴С紨ص￤ɽǴ֮ڣǴֻأ޷ɱˡ
֮γȲսʤǿУҲӦпʵġѾ
صǱڵأ
ʱڵػְ۵ңԴ֮ǰëһ겻񣬼Ҷܻһֱûѡϵļ̳ˣȫֲ֧ŲɢһңĹŵڣƣȻҳѾŽٽһ涨ˣҲв˱̷Ҳңȴһ
ǾγһҲе齨ɢˣһ涨ΣǴ֧֣ʵʿʮʮʯأĿǰڱͷɺָ£һ̬ոвļΣ͵Ϯһ³Ҳ
һ涨͡ɺֵʱƽ֚뵽ˡơԲˬֶΡֻǲ֪ԼӵϷѧʷǷϱʱյʵ
һ棬ëҳֳѵȨôͲǵ˶ѡ
ëֲСҲҳ˳
ҰռԼʮʯĺϷ޷װᣬǵļҶͻȻз־壬δãΨһ꣬Ǽϴͨ׶ͨҲǰţҲ˵ëˣҶޱĿɽǸõ㡣
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һʮָİԷӵ鱨ƽ֚ûκξߣ޹صĸп˶սңʮʯϵռĹĽ롣ϧѽƬزδ绽佫
⻰ڳﲻ֪λӦ
һ£Ҫĵˡ绽佫ǻֵõ𣿲Ҫ˱˻ѽ
ת˲֮䣬ƽָ֚侲׳һ⣺ӡҰػѾˣӽʮ״ϵν̫Ծ˭˽ɻ󣿡
أӹ鱨л㱨ıŻȻ򣬼̶ɫͨ죬ԶԡȻ©ôҪʵʱҲٲֻʱޣ˱𴦣ûȥˡ
ΪһԱϯĶβ⿡Ҳͷһûô漰ȥƽ֚㲻˸鱨֯˴˾طְеɵ㣬ʵ˾η֮£ȫԵۡ
һµʵվеεʱɹȥæƽּطǺòѼ빫ĶϸĶȻࡣ
һܵŴȻģοҪõܡ
ƽ֚㵱̫Сˣֵϸڵ̺Ϣһ˿ֲ˵ڿʼ׷Ҫ⡣
ڽҳֹͨƺ֪ʼĩҲû˵Ǿ˽ȥƽּطͨ
βʹþе΢ѹһЩ
ûƽ֚׳ڶѯʣһ԰ϣǹŵڵķ֧֪뾩ҹϵأ
ȨһڻˣгһȾϰܻŷ磬໥Ӧǲ̫ġƽּطܴһ룬԰¹ˡּҵ̬Ȼ»ȥ̽ġ
ƽ֚ûзŭתƵһ⣺˵˵ԷıɣʤվҪɵȡõġ
ҳ˿
Ϣһͨײչעص㣬Ҳͨ鱨Աܺӵĵ㡣
ͳģǼǰΪһϱͷϵɺñţǰҰϻʤ໹ΪɡˡӳҲ²һڲԵϵ֣֮Ŀǰв֤ʵһҳĳЩӣ֪ûйϵ
ű鱨֮Ļ㱨Ҫߵö࣬ƽ֚ûѯˡ
˳ҲԪ׸еսʤŲߵı󣬲Ǹ˵Żжսǰ鱨ĸ߶ӡ
һ׷ѧġ
ֶӼİ˵Աʮרļÿѣֱ


ʮ Ĳ
ռ鱨ƶԲߵͬʱƽ֚ʿ΢˼죬ָֻʿڼھƹݶĳݻƵأżٶҲֻ۱ֻ۲׷
ͬʱҳͨլſӵǰʤǣҪüҲɱ빥һж
ҪЩóһǧܾɡ
ϸ֮õʮƽŵ󣬽ȰʮӴ汣мǮҲ޳ɳսÿʮԥԸΪӹҵƽּңάһƹϵ
Сԭ¿ʵ١౻˵׷ױʾѾһ룬ʱӰ칱˰լſЩĺѹƣֻӦһҵԱΪ;սɡ
֪ǷᱻԵʣó߳ŭǿҵһ㶼ȥЩ߳һ٣ȫδ˽Բ밢ս£Υͨı۴
ʤǵնʱͽ
ܵļҳǣȻ޾ɣ㬶飬óȻȱ϶ռĴͲĴڣǵֻѹȥˡ
һڵķӦȴҪҵöࡣ
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״ǣȻ˶ԸôûڲٵϥƳĴ϶ԼɵˣȫûԷڵ˳£ʱͶأôзʺ֮Ʋɱ¡
ƽ֚ôɵؽӹд֮Ͷ֮衣
ֻʣ¼ٱرһ涨ڲټֿսŷԴʹߣ˵ԻȨ֮⣬Ͼְƽ̲Ҫ˼ˡ
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ǣ˾һҵдǣλ߾ԸǸʮʯصĳڲһʱ֮ڣƽ־֮֡
ϢûıƲ֣˽²̶ۣȣȻȲҪиҲᱻнܺö˶˵ص͢ϼӹٽӣ
ɽһᾡһŵڣ֪й棬̷˵˼ôλٽǷʮĴ棬Ҫģʲôин֮ģԺɱ˵
⻰˵ò١
ʱһ涨Ϊܾ֮жУ޴ֱñң뽵ƽ֚˾㣬һװɷн£֣ػ
λ̲ٸλٽĻ棬شƫɣдٹĹУϡƼʻᡱˡ
ǰһ涨ҲëҰߣӳǣ䵽ݣȻ׼ӵʵˡ
Ȼһƽ֚ᱣ֤صﾩ˵õġȨԡһְǿʿسɹ䣬뵹ѶȿɾͲСˡ
һ涨ֻǿӦ䳡滰ͲԸٿڣ֮˵˶˵ƽ̲ӣؾΪʧߵļҾ졣ֻһҪտϣŹЩٱҵĹڡ
ƽ֚ЦӦǰ˵Ȼ²ΪдǵˣߺһļҶֻҪڸѡ⣬ľܹȶˣҲδлõڼҵʵΣˣٽǷԷˣ
Ĵ𣿡һ涨°΢˵ɫȥȮһϲ裬뵶Ǯйصһߣһžͳ׻ָΪŵˡ
ǺǣǺǡƽ֚˵ЩĻȴɹĸЦֻܲ⣬԰꣬ȶĹ֮»ͬһġ
ȷʵûʲôýģΪһ涨Ǹ귽ĶӺ˼ŵļԲܱסϵĵλ˶ڼСӰѸò׻µʿѫĥ
һӦö֪ġ

һ涨Ȼ䣬Ҳʧȥ˼ֵ壬׷Ǵʹƽ֚סֵĵغ󾩡һҵеҲǰ鸽
ƽֵļҳ˷ܣһʮʯأȻô׾Уϲ⡣
ϵġ
ƽ֚򵥵ؽдһ֮󣬷˰ʾͽ漴ټ˵صĶʮ߼壬ԼһҵʮҪ״ƺ¡
ҲԪסʮӴ汣㴨֮Ҳϯ
һҵǧǱŵмϡ
ʵƽ֚ĵһ£ȷǰԪһ涨̳дǳλá
ûͬκۣչʾɵ̬ȡ
Ȿһ˳Ҹ涼Խܵѡ񣬼ȻдһţҲ
˵ѡʱ򣬲ſʼ顣
Ѿƽ֚ҪȡǡᡱҲ͵˵ҪһЭ
ô˵ҵȫ̫Σˡ
Ŀ־һȥôȨ˼¸̨
һҵϳձôţתĺǳɤӴ𡰴ֱ֮
ʽྶͥ
״ҳǱߣĸ֮һɢɳҲɺĳʤнŸ΢ۡ
ع棬󾩡Vľ֧ߣȻһ忴ƺġ
ʱ֮ƽ֚Բ۶ϣҿʤкλĸԷڵġ
еҲܲԿǣǼëץߣ϶겻ģҳǳ˴ս͸֮⣬ʣŽһšһߣһ
ƽ֚˳Ҳѡ
һǳҲԪף˵ͨ˵ôƽʹͲκԹˣǺεҲ
̬˹˳սֺһض϶޷⣬ȸǮָظǲʵġ
յľٴǡ
ҲڵǵĶǹ̸˼Ҷ԰ɣϵϽҲжһҷ񰡣ҲƶдǣһĸΣ
ȻǸ˾İš
ӵĶܣǿм̳ҵ֣ȡꡣǼг֮ΨһһԶһˡ
ҲԪʱɼڸԷأ֮ǵ鲻ֵóҲԪ׳ɼ굣δܴ󽫡
ѾγǱ
ĵܵܰᵽдȥ˲ᡣ
ʹ˷һҵĻᣬȻǡ
ֻ˼һ˲ˮӦʡ
ʱ²ؼʮӴ汣е˸⣺ƽ̲ˡҶˡֲָۣȨλߵͣżôأĶѾһöԶֵ֧أ
÷ǳá
ѡĸԲͬȺ壬໥ͻ˹£ûȷιϵҪ飬Ѳ֡
ƽ֚㶼еԾҼǵѡõж㴨֮ţôһˡ
ϸڣϾ˼ˡ
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˵ҲǺܷյġ
͸óҲԪ׵ĵܵȥһְһġ
Ϊ˹ȫ֣Ϊֵĸɳȥ
ǧһˣҲûһҵλֻɸҳפһЩЭ飬ôҪ˭Ҳû˵
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Ϊƽ֚㱾ˣǲܳڴ˵صġ
ְλȨʮ΢ϲⶥ²ףãϣʵȨ²ҲΪƤͼµķա
ͬʱ뼸ʮһҳ͹˺򽻵ҪעѡëķӦ֧ԮҲЮư᪡
Ǻ̶ܹģֻǾִ粻ðա
ҪЩ飬ʵҲʲôǴ£߱ϸģȲΪĺƽԣ಻ëƤľ׶롣
ƽ֚ȥµģ޷Ǿҳͨﳤסܥβҳˡ
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Ϊ׵һ̫죬鸽ʱֲʺš
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ǡ
պЩ񣬾ûһе˰
̲ܲٸ±عװɡ
˵ʱ٣ƽ֚Ȼ֮ġ
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ܥβ硢ľ㳤ıֲ̫⣬ûֳе츳ҲöһЩᣬͬʱѹ
ʱ¶ɽһᡢСгѵ֮
Ұֵߵļһܻ˾òģɳٶȣȳ˿öˡ


ʮһ 
ƽ֚ѡһʵʱȥĹ񣬸ϵĵ˺ѶϾֻܸպ仰ԴڸС
֮󣬷ǰ¡ڽɽս𾪵ʤйϱԽϿϵëԪ͡Ͱ֯ųԱȡɼڡ񴨶սܺѸ˥ˣĴҲܵɡϼҷ֮⣬ǶԷǰǰն̶ֲͬȵĶҡһʱǹ˼ˡ
ռ￤ɽǵëԪͣƺʱ޶ˣ˵ȨѸëԪһƽؼʱ̼ԪС紨¡˵ȻҪúôţ԰Զģ»ݶɽӸ˾˵ԴϢս߾͸ֻˡ
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ǱͷϴҰֱĵܴܵҰֱ֮ҰĲ㣲ƽ֚㣬쵽һʳڲٻǮ˺ṵ̈ͼƻͬţϴɶƻ˲ˡ
ëҵҲ˰»Ȼ񼪴С紨ѹƺҰҳֻЩЭ¡ʱ֪ͨĻŪһʽػҲǺ鷳ģô׽ëҲ׽ְǵϵеδˣǸС޵ͳʵ̫ˡ
Ψһƽ֚֮ģذһص԰¹㡣
˵֪һڷ֮㳲ȰǣϮǣǿǣһȡ͡ϲࡢѨ߸ݵ㣬Լһǧʯĵ̡
ֱдǵķߴῪ꣬ﳤƽּҴ۵ݣ˷ƣ˷ͣ
º԰¹˱˻ԣ˹عʺƣ˵µƽ̲Ĺƽ泼ϲʤ˺ܸΪַһҳһ
оᣬȴ޿κΡ
ԷĹΨһһϵȶûʲô
԰ϣȻҲǳԹţһϲ֮ͬڣϱʱڼҷѣӴʧȥ˳͢λӦҲܵӰ죬ʵķչ·ߡ
Ҷ԰¹ֽʮֵ꣬׳꣬˫ȫͼΣڲĲأ⽻ëϣȡѵϿɡΪףʮҳŽһ¹ͬˣΪ԰ʮ彫ڴѡëüзշתŲʼռͦ˥
Ҫ˵ȱǵѣе׳ҲܶԱǧľƣд嵶֮ʿ˰٣ƽ֚ǰɱȥԷǵֵסġ
Ȼ˼Ҳץסκδȫ޿ʵ֮Ȼ˱أ
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ˣܹ򣬻Ҫ󷽵س˼ҶصռС
ƽ֚µһ㸺ò԰¹дǣ֤һ涨֮ǧǰԪʽ
ԷȻܡ
ѡëԪͣ֯Ҷõ룬˼Ȼɸʹһž˼ˡ
ҲԪȻȱϯʮӴ汣㴨֮ǡھУΪ᪵ĴҰǱͷϴҰֱȻЩͼһ峼ںҰҵİСʯϣһڽԪլ͡
ʱ䶨ھ¶ʮա
ĴµĴӶλȨһڻӾǧϹһݡ񡱡н£һǧõһڡ֣ȡΪλ£ҽ丸Ρٽ֮١
һ涨õŵ֮ڣԽΡλȨԼнΪ̫ٵһԱ
͢߹Ϊ˽⣬ǳ˲ٳġ
ܵ˲顣
һڻλ˺ϲã˽˾ջɹĺøУ˵лذ׸һһˣʼղЦŵȻУֻżþǻƽ֚㽲䣬Ǿ޶Ի˼
෴һ涨ȴûɣ̬ûñҪϾƣͷʹֺ״Ľçͱȫ߲ܣһͳһƬӵ顣
ҲҵĲسһҲܵȾǰȥ⡣
ɼλҸųĹ˾ȷǸͬʿݣ˿żӣҲܵ˺ĻӭϧԶԿš
ƽ֚㲢ֱ̲ռݣƴһ涨ֻ֮ͣԭ
ίɴºϸµĺﳤڴפأҲΪƽϢ󻼡˵ʵЩƫԶǵķУݱλսľ棬ǿɾˡ
Σһڻüؽסҡͷȫ֮ɫǧѸһʶҲǸ׽壬׵ΪЩ˼
߼ʿŵڣվμ
ƽ֚㶥šλ̲ٸӣȻҪѾĴչ˺ã̸ֹҲɹڸ䣬ԵòײࡣԴϿĻͳҹҲԼ֮Ȼͬڳ͢䣬ĺܴྶͥ
ûһ涨˯ȥ˲̧ߣܲյһڻһҲϽûϯ
ֻʣʿˡ
˷ͬѵüһ棬Ȼ˵ʲôøĻǽž˴˴̽ػ档
ƹѲ֮󣬳ҲԪ׵㲻֪ǼѬȻʹƷһӽɺıܣڷףƣͨƽԴͣʵ˽ΪӢܣǰ߲ţˣֻʣҰɽǣֱΪҰҵӵԪլδԣȻպڷ֮ʱ԰µĶɱʽңӱУƵ˽ܡ
⻰ϢǺܴġ
Ĳ̸ĩʽĽԪլ϶ʱֳȺ͸ӵ飬ȻȻûбע⵽
ΪҰĴҰֱЦޱط̫ˣȻЩ΢ɾͣҲȫ쵼з
Ͳˣֵǫ飬ͽӽαˣҲԪ׺˶ԷĻǰˣҵļҶǸͯѵǾԲٳ𣿡
Ұֱƿ࣬²֪ôشƬŤͷȥ᣺ߣ޻̸ֵ֮һ⣡
ҲԪԲŭЦʮֳ졣
⻰Ҳ˵Էģ˵ĳԹȺġ
ԭľѾ˵ײµʱ򣬱ͷôܻᱻץס©ֳì
㣬иɻҲָժ֮ˡ
ǧмأ
ƽ֚ȴע⵽ĻƵңң¾п繬ڵԣɱʽңӱУ˽ܣôΪĺ񲻸׿Խ𣿡
԰¹㣬ȶǰ뾩ڼҲԵòλȷʵ߼ѪͳʶӳǺǣƺΪ
˵ƽ֚Ҳ֮ͻó͢ʽλǴҵֱˡ
԰¹Ǹˣ⻰ϲɫ֣̿æ°ݵҵ̲ޣЩŹ֮׷棬ʵͣ򲻸Ҿӹڼ
ѵķԱΪھôû˵ҲԪֳװֱˣսǾ񳼣ô˵ĻĪǾҵļҳǶûʶ֮𣿡
˵Ȼȫ޴⡭԰¹㱻ŪÿЦá
˵ˣ㿴˵۹һŵģƽ֚Ҳо⣬ʼ΢ŵˣҿ԰¼ңǿԶһصİΣеε֮ǰ˵ˣҰϵػʹݣкܶʣһҵ򹫼Ļ²ϽĻְۣ˵
ۿԼ漴𺦣Ұֱò涥ײ͢١ˣҲ˵ֱĿģ̲ˣҼĻ޶ģЩҲ֮ʧܲʮɣںҰػλЩʣǿһֱ棬һյëͷԪͣ¸أ֪ģֹ
ٻʱǺʹġ
ҰֱΪͷϣԸҰҳΪëĸӹౣһЩԡڵһǽͱ˵ĹƣԸҪա
ûҪӦôƽ֚ΪȻı飬ҹȻ֪ҰҲȻЩСǾ԰¼ҴԸպٷǺܺ𣿡
˵֮ƽ֚һЦҡҡͷͷһСھơ
ʮƽĶȴ˸ܴܵѹ
ڶʿ¶붼֪λ̲ٸ˵ĹѫԸΪĵˡȻȭͷҪƴġ
Ұֱԥã֪ӲǸɫݵҰҶȷʵ˵¶ѭ˷ȣڴǴӲġ˵صϽַһػҪְһ㻹̲򹫷ʵת
⻰дӲƵľġ
ƽ֚ȴʵ飬ãȻҡҡͷĻҿˡ˵Ҫ԰¼ҸεĻôͻȻ˵ַˣ
ҰֱŷӦĵ
ȥ԰¹ɫȻѾ
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ҷˣϵɢͬëҲûʲôߵ֣֮һάҰҵػ֣Ƕ˱˸һϣ
԰¹㱾ǼҰˣδؾͻΪŵЯ֮㵹ƽ֡ǺҰ̬һЩǺܿ֮ͬ꣬Щջġ
ڣɷн£˽ƽϣһҲϷֳ԰¹Щ
¡ҰֱҪֲѺۣȴ֧֧ὲʲô˵Ļ
Եģǲòġı
ҰһܳϵĳҶȻ⽻շ磬ݰճ߶ȡ
ǴҰֱǼҶֻǴִıͷ϶ѡƹڳĲ˽òģǰػְóһָҲУɥȨ١ĺڹͻпѱ硣
ڳǲܴһµġ
ٶڲܡ
Ϊƽ֚յԸƽ֮ͨë֮ҰѪعԴֽ󣬾˸Ұֱ֮ȥһǧΪѡͬʱ˿ͷŵ˵ֻҪҰҲëٿأת䷽룬ЧĻҼƣҿɵȫػְۣԭ
һǰֵֽ飬һǲʵݵĿͷŵ˫ĵλͱǮȶԣԳеķҲԵȡ
һҰֱܵܶɣôͷƾʲô˵س
뵽ƽ֚ݸһЦԼĵʣһڲԺ󣬻˸ƣ£԰¹㡣
˿̳ҲԪҲ˳ԪլüĿ飬üˡ


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ƽ֚ûĹþӵĴ㣬ź˰᪺ﰵ˺󣬱㿪ʼ̵׼
ֱľҪصȪ·Ҫ˳һڻһ涨ͻؾȻǸ׬ȡ͢Ѻöȵķ·
ˮ·һҪʮ³һǧɰլſľ㳤ţҰϴ򶫾ɼˮںٿȪ̲½
ƽ֚㱾ȴ½·շת˼죬ﰢдع˺һѮ뿪ĹĺߣС˵·ݱǡ
һǧĹʣԱɢʿ䣬ҳͨҴθָӡ
ʱ꣬ڶεĹԣܼƻ˰յĹúһңȡԭСһ涨λ㴨֮˵ĳɾ͡
棬ƽ֚㲢ûóȻȥػֱϽ˼ӵķʽȥʤɹ
ﳤΪۻ᳤ھסдǣƾӦÿȡȨסϵȨʮʯһұʵϵĴ
һĻױλϻӹµΪ˥ıԲǡΨӵĵܼܵ꾫ǿɣ˵£ԳҲҲƱػòСӰǧƽȥǶҲʵ˴ǲʲô˼ġ
˳Żȡ԰¹㡢ʮӴ汣ĺøжȣڽǺõġкҰұͷϴҰֱ׵ܴܵҰֱ֮Եף벻ջ
ģľפǣֱפӣǡǰߵõ˷ʤµĴԼһǧʯŲȡԭճһһǧʯ̡
õôгķڷѣڼϣͲҪֶˡ
ֱƽּǲԱڣ˺ľҲ̬ûʲôɡʵǺһµģ´ãż϶ּ˱ˡ
Ҷõ϶ͷõĹ֮ƱҪҪŹȥⱻʲôƻһһתЧҶ岻òϱҳĵ·
ƽ֚׼ڼŴۣʱñϽĮɽԼ͸˼ҵӵҹһȥסСԶĸƺЩ̣ΪӵӦеľ򣬲κξܾϤ͸Ӷȥչˣ׸Ĺػ֮ˡ
ֻǴ۵ѡ˭أ
д۵ı׼ֲͬͬ߱ҷԴģûҪôϸģе㺷֮á
ҳͨƺǿһõģںȪϣҲչߵĶȻصӺءԼڶ̣ܶ޵ġ
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оĿǰߴ󽫵дһʡ
ϿȷʵˣҲǸߵļҳЧµİ
ͷΪЧߣ붼ǱšҪֻߡ˼ġ
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㶨ˡ
дһȥʯֱй
ƽֱ֚Բ䣺дҪȥӳҪתΪְ׼
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ʯü̾ȥ˵ľıǰ̣û뵽Ӿҳߡ
Ҳûʲôûպܳɴƽ֚ڽ˾䡣
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ͬ֯ȥַعһ̾ɱ˶漸ǧգڣѾǳƺĵزˣµһô
˵£ƽ֚ŻȥϢ
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ġװģؿ˹겻Ǵ˲ٴ𣬴ԽǰֵĹﶼƽ־ǿǿҲԳƵǿˡȻǿõӡȴƽƽ棬߳ȥҲû˵ǲЩء
⵹ҲǸ£ʵڲʲôҪ˵¡ƽ֚δûشˣһ߰ѡҲû˭ɣ
ɲڹʿİǺܴģæҲ˵Ҹ᪵ʮӴ汣ܹƽּսŹ£齨Ϊʡֱ飬ʡΪ¡ϡȡģ˼֮Ϊģϧ˼ûٹģνֱҲɢ챾ˡ
ðɡɣƽ֚Ľ̶ܳԸһЩ˵ͷǲȥһšϡֵģΪҽӡ;ɣ¾ͽˣʽֱȥ£ίв뾺Ļսƣǵԭѡһ㣡
ûû常Ӣһȵȵȵȣû˵أܵϲüңۿƽ֚ƺ׼뿪ˣϽǰסˣ˵õġֱӡأնĴҲˣֱı󽫣ûʲôɣ
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Ŵ죬漴󼱣ɲҸղųŵʱѾŲءǴţƤ˵Ժƽ־ֱˣô˵ˣôȥ
ƽ֚ȴȥֻûת˸⡪
ĺͷ̼ʿȷʵǸ;ֻǲܽ޶ȫûлˣǿɲá
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ᣬְҵֿ̣ǰһˡ
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ǶַĹ˳еϲõģ˵ûֱӶȡأֻǲ˴ۣԼ෽ʽƿؾ棬˼Ҿ͸ˡ
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իҲȷʮֿɿڵģֻԼ޵Ļζɣǲϸ˼ˡ
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ĻڲĳͻҪǳײ֪ҲˣһײԼݣô̬ܱŤװû˵Ҳʡ
Ӧ취ţȵìܼ˶ٻʰ棬
֯ǳͷиѹţһʱӦò˭Ȼз߶Խܵġ
ڹȷ˵ţҸõɲС
ĹµըҩͰ֪ʱܱأ
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սܱ߷˴αҼҵġȯòƣԼ棬δԴ
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ȷʵԸΪ뿪ıʣֻǱʵķеϣ
Ͻһ˵һҲ˼ܲףǻȪȥ

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ѡҪúֲάƱȯ˫ɫװλƣ߿򰵲ֻԼܿİţ仹΢͵̶ӡµĸ˴ˮӡɱʵ̫߱ų⣬õĶˡ
Сһʯм۸߰ģͨϰ㻨ģһֻڴֱʵ֧˫ǶαɣֱӵصȥרҵԱϣǼ֮ıֶΡ
ŷңҪ˵صܷƵ޷˿š
ӡˢģǲҺӵıԽʮɡʱȡǰ֪֯鱨ƣ׬һЩȴ𽥱صʺֲй޹Ĺ
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˼ȥĸڳ⣬ӦǺ׵سִٱҲǡ
ڲ͸⣬ֻ˵͸̶ѾﵽĵزٱҴĽڳһƽ֚㵣ġ
ʮһ³賿Ӿ³ʮ루Լ57·͸ϻ˺Ȫ
Ÿߴƽ֚㶼ľƣֻһгһɾ۵ùǺˡ
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ƽֱ֚ݣϽ˷
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ƽ֚һ㶣⣺ѾҵαͨԭϵˣӡˢȡԱ򣿡
ûСǳҰ޺޵ҡͷҵ˼ǡ鶼Ǹƭ֣ναе飬ѹǼٵģ
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Ա߽ھõɫǳҰõޣ״Цһǰƽ̲ʾɡǡԽݡӡٰȯֵһʯõһţ⼸ڽúܻȵναȯ
һ˵ţھһͳųߴһ£ƵƱȯ
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ʱסϵ˼ˡ
ٱңʵҲ̫ˣֻҪϹܻ
桰ȯͼɫȹ΢µ÷Ŵ󾵿ɼġǰļپϸһģɫʰͿĨ΢񴦸߰㣬ȫǼк֡
˵Сʹʱܻ⡣ÿżֵһʯǮôܲϸԱһ
˵ֵӼٱҸܳǳҰ˵òƣԼ桱ôأ
ƽ֚ͻȻʶһỰమֵľ㼪ǾضڵϣޱһԲһֵ
ھýǰ͵ǶǱŲмٱҺСȲ˵ˣ֮ľ´ǰ֪º˵ɵص飬һһҹδҵзżٱҵﷸͲôˣǲ鵽˾ȺͿ־Ķ


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֮ǳҰҴҴӰǸϹһǧġ;ʽͬʱƽּҵʩѹҪư
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ھáǧ׵ˣųʾã֯µõѸͷչĻᣬȻڻǰᲢۡ
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ǳҰ¹ϵģһܵɱиУ֯ŽϸߵͬУΪҡ
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ΪʲôΪٳòƣԼ桱Ӷʧ룬أ
ǡݡ˴£ݵĽϰΪ֤ò֮ǳҰǷߺ䣬͹Ʊȯȷȯųɾŵƣһ˰ʱſ΢СĲԲŻΪʲôر߳ˡҲǼƷģֻϸϵĨ޸˼Ϊ٣ѾԽݵĽʦ˼·ȥˣһ֮ھͻнۡ
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֯ҶԽĿƷǱסģȻźȴΣƽ֚ľ㼪֧Ҳûá
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˲Żеʹɡһ仰û˵
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˼Ҵ΢ľ棬ǲȫæôȥҲֻվ˵۵ķѡ
ˡף˲¡ƨ֮⣬ˡ
ľ㼪ҧ촽ǿЦЦһ䡰˲¡Ȼֵ˵СһƽּҸɵĻѾʯٺ»ˣǱ˲ҳʲô̲Сӽľִȥ
ʵҲûҪôۣ뿪еλýδûתƽ֚οһ䣬ûоȥת
ʱſи뷢ٵ˵УСܽǳҰǰû˵Ƽ쵼ԱߣϽʩ
ƽ֚ϲˣӦǳҰĵ֮ࡣ
˵ûȥƱȯƷ뼸λʦĿˣһ¶ãֻже˹⴦˾һָƷ
ϢЩǺõġ
˵ȻյǷ֬ͨ᲻ǸȦأھ˵ƺܲϣг߻ˡ
Щ¼ǼٵģȻȦסľ㼪ɫΪ棬Ҿ͹˲ǲȦˣ漰ɱ֯ﵯˣˡ
˵˵ˣ̫Ѿɽ˸˼ȴǶȥϢ·Żᰲһ㡣
ƽ֚㵹ҪҪһЩӹ˾ңľ㼪־ܾ˵һ£ȷʵԴճǧĿǰǹϵķУǲԿġټӹܼʡ
ƺе
ƽ֚ȻǼǿ䱸һЩùĲá
Ȼ뿪صԼİȥϢ
һཡ׳ʿҴϣʶ
ƽ֚һӦⲻǰҰ𣿶ղˣǽְ𣿡
Էһʩ񣬼̶Ц˵Сս᪣ҵʧأľµڷ֮⣬ȥ
ƽ֚ЩпĹϵ˵ϼ仰ص᪵Ļҡ
ǰҰ˸еҡҡͷлˡ̲ˣˣٻȥĻζῴСĳ
ᶨƽ֚㲻˵֮󣬿ŶԷ߽˷
Ƭ֮һȻĸ߽Уľ㼪
ƽ֚㲻ɵͣס˽Ų


ʮ α粨£
ϣľ㼪׷˳ƽ֪֚ûϢˡ
ܼƲʮֵĽ̸֮󣬾ö˽ж
еʱ򣬳ԽأӦòȡĴʩԽȻҪ˵Щõķϻ̵档
ʿľ㼪ǰҰĴ£ɱľݡΧˮйͨ
̻ĶңþӽǸĸ̣δ롰ʮˡ֮һ಻̫Զ߲˵ϼ仰ʵԼСгϵ൱
һݣ֬ݴϰСӡ
ԭˣƯļҵĵܵܡ
Ϊϵ֬صĴǸе֣̿׷׽ԵļҶԱǵĵ̺լۡԵʵǺ̵ܼģʱԸĽΪﱤ
ھúǧ׵˸ǰȥߴң֮ҪΧסľݣΪܵȷϢ֯ﵯ׾ǺԺţλֻҪû漰£ҵ㲻ܵκη
⻰ס󲿷
ɱųĹڳ˭
֯ҵķӦ˵ƽ֡񴨶ҪΪѺǳҪ޽ӵԼ̬Ҳв
һе̼Ǳ׵ģ׬ٶǮҲҪУ
ĻڼǰͨͶƱɾ飬ɶ֯ԿճƽáͷΥиṩǮƣֺ൯ģ˼ѪŶסɵ͡
ǻֻǼӶԿѡ
ľ˴ɱж͵ƻϷΪֻͬǺܱģֻײϾ꣬ںȺ֮Բά
ԥʱ䣬ƽ֚ںȪ֯˽ǧ˵ľƣѹͬʱ·ĹԱҽЩָľ㼪Խżȥݷѡ֯ҵʿ
õϢǽڵ֯ﳤ棬ǲʤҡųεȽԸҲԱʾϡѺǳӦֻԶ᪸ǵ֯·;Զһʱûϵϡ
߳ϵǺĬͬ˵ҪΪ֯ﵯ𡱡
ۿΧŽľԽԽƣǱѹסˡ
ľ㼪ļ٣һֱ˯žȻעӰ죬ĽӴѯʹֻ˵ǡżȻõ鱨ֹڲΪǳҸӹĻľǷ¡
Ӳǵҹֱл¶֮ŴŶǿгľݣвˣֱӴڵ֮ϸѰ
Ȼ
˺üʱⶼƽˣûҵκνֵĺۼ
Ǵ۾
ᷴΥƷƶʬ֮С֤һЩֻǷĵΣֵʲôأ
ͺˡ
ľݵϰ屻˫Ȱſڣʹ鰧ȴ״Цֹ·ڳЦ
Χ۵Ļںǳٳټʵ֮Ⱥ鼤ߣԴĸ𣬿ľ㼪𽥲ơ
ڹؼʱ̣ǰҰȻǳһ֧СֶӲ֪ðʿǽһ廨ӵǰŻһܣվñֱ˵λ뿴Ǵɱ֯ﵯԪףɼסĶ棡ľ´˹ľ֮ʱҴŶʮ֮ʿͻˡСݡĲֿ⣬ܻ
߾𾪡
ʿüսս̡̻
ľ㼪ŵߵȺУطڽ׷Ϊ˵طеķ֮¡ץ֮δͳ˱˵ȨޣҽȽΪڽƽ̲Ϊܣ顣
Ȼͷʢʱɡ
ƫʦͻϮһľߴɫʵĴжӡ̣ľ㼪ڴĿеķ
¸ɾ䣬ֳϵ˲ѵã
ʵӡЩƫ
ֻǰҰСֶжƽּҵ緶Χڵ鱨Աܼһʮˣȫ̰ЭȷĿûмӴܻ߱ڡ
һ˫ȡĬûй
֪ľ㼪
ԼȻųľɲǣԿʼ븴Ŀˡ
ɼס֫°ͶжѾʣżƲϸǴӣҲ˵ľء
ǿ֪ģǱɣһ÷ǳǳʹࡣ
ǧУ̣֮Щʮͣǿš֮޴ַǿ͹۴ڵʵ
ôڴˣ֯Ҳû취˵ĳ̶ˣ˳һڶ
ʹѡǳĻĻľءٱκͬ˼
ҲǸ߼ʿʶڴɱʿߡ
ֻϧ˳δʳ
뻹ϼعǱӰɡ
ֳŻɴˣٵصǸһȴġ
ڵʱɣЩʱؿǡ
ľ㼪ɹһηռԶĴ󲩴򣬶ľӰ쵽ö˵ҵ˥
ɼס٣ڴӴľСתƵʱ򣬷żȻ¶ġ
ĴģѲǴݾߣɽ𻢣ӷ裬Ǳصص㣬¶
һ̾ƷǳȫʱȥӦԵİ취
ǰԱ鱨׼ȷջɳ²ֵĲԱ˿ƣǰҰ˲ûץסеһͻϮᣬͷƽ̬֚жҡ
ľ㼪ѣҲҪţκǰ;ˡ
Ӯˡ
ǻ൱ʱȻҲݺݵص˽ǣ覲褡
ǰֻҵĳЩ롰֤ݣȴǸɾץסԪױˣȫɵۡ
дȥˣԻҪλӡ
֯ҾԲ˵Ҳһ֡
˸ӵľأȻķʽΪ۽㣬˵ˣȷʵǡ˼ء
ڼ仹ʮȽ飬ǳҵʱֻ֤гֵĻأɹ˿ء
ǰƽ֚㣬һеɣ
ȻѾȥô꣬Խ߶εͷ˸ı䡪δǸ䣬Ǹȫˡ
ǧʯΪӱͱü˵ķʽ֪ԼĴڣΪ˲ϧеջµС
ִϺƽ̲Ҫ
ųֻСβŵʱ򣬴̿͵Ϯ;棬õβʯ֮ͽϰôѹˣ
ǣƽֻ֚ںڰУԷжṩȴε֧Ԯ
ͷͬʱҲ˵飬ľ㼪ȥˡ
ƽּҪģƺռ
ľ㼪ԣһ֪ɼסϢͱ뼯оץ֮ⶼɲܲˡ
ƽ֚Ȼؼǵ
ҲʼնǸʼĻǻ˹ڻ
ʹǾһ²Ǹ޷ɥĲд֯ﵯĶ
ƽ֚ȴֻӦһ£ǲǳҰȥԸӦꡣ
ͬʱҵ̵ķ㰲Ըȥһ£ҪݵĽڼ
ĿڵͷЩȻ⣬С֤˼ȥ֪ͨ𣿡
ƽ֚˵ͷĵؽ͵ȥɣȫϢذѲŵеż͵ߣҲûʲô⣡ȻǿЧΪ˸̫е᱾ĩˡ
㰲ȥ


ʮ ڼ֮
̲ˣñĵӦˣƽáλͬʹ¶꣬һѽ֮չͬ㣬ôᰵأ˵α飬Ҳܺ߰ݾȻƱȯĨͿðǼٵģʵû뵽
ΪһҰȼĸڼ͹˱Щϧؽ޽ҰŸѧϰҾɮ̷ѧѽԼװΪĻˡ
˿̴ݶЦ̣Ķţ˴֮С
ˣҲǸڣ񷨵Ĺˡȴʮִ³״ǵ͡ʿΪ
ķϻҲȥˡƽ֚Цһȭǰİ£ش˶ԷĳƪۣμĿǳҶæҪ˷ѱ˴˵ʱ䡣
⡭⡭̲˴˾󡭡ڼӿʼӲЦݽʧͷðΪûвȡκζƽּҵĵжΪ
ѽ
ΪʲôǸɢƣˣֻ΢һһʾвĶ˸ܵޱȵĿ־أ
·Ǳ޶ϣǵмڲ
ѵǴ˵еġɱ
ĺҲδظɾȥżȻһ޹ǳ¡
Ȼվŵרҵʿͬ
ܺáǸõĿʼֱ˶ĺѺ̽ƽ֚ɫԻһͷ⻰ǷţҶҽˡ
šƽּҵġȯΪͷֻǸѣȷʵұˡڼϽϻ̳Ͽֵطȥ⣬ʵϡֻҪϸڣҵͲ𺦣Դһ֤ʵƱȯĿɿԡ
ˣûҪץŲšƽ֚΢üͷ˰֣ٴδ˶ԷԣҲΪ˶ġô˵ܲ³˵ʲô˰ɣҶݵ۾Ͳòˡ
ʵڲڼʶۣ˵ڲŷӦϽȥ˸ھݱһ˼·ٶ͡
̸ǰȺյغһǽ˵ճϰߣֻʶر¶û뵽˹˵ķС
ʼҷʡ
⻹ӳ̶Ȳ׼µʧ
ǰų֮ʱǰóʱԷһкöҾ˼ÿһ˵˵Ļ⿪׾Ҫʮ顣
˱Ͼֻˣ׬ʮϰҲΣӵĴҪһ㹧ΪáǮ˵Ĳӣ˵ĸӲһ㡣
֯ųֻҪϳеһ;ʧڽѪȷ磬սս
յƽ֚㣬ȻвյڰȣﰵʵҲﵽʱ֯ҵ֮һˡ
ͬýκκͷأȻԼҲҪ˵Ĵۡ
ҲӦֵøߵεĶԴ
ǿҪַ׷׵ضأϰĴںս
ݵұ޲֮󣬽ڼ׽̬ŤתǳϿҵ̬ͷˡ˷ʧˣȷʵαһΪ˴ھѺ˲Ƴģı֣Ǳ˽ڼⷬڹǾԲϵģŵǰҲһ
ͬʱ¶ǿӲ̬
ʿɱˣҪء
ʿܴݻҵϵҲûҪȫ
ýţֲΪģƽ֚״ưҡԴ۵ھ֮ʱ͸뵽ͶзյģܲסԼСӺΪȡ̳ͬսһһʧѵȥֵ˵ĵ̫𣿡
Ǻǡ̲˼ڼһ汻ֱԲĴ׻𾪵һȴǷĵͬ
оѾǰλ˵˼·
ʵƽ֚Ҳǹҫ˵ģֻ̫ʱ䣬񲻼ö»еŷˡ
һԭǣ㰲û취Ϣذذײ嵽ڼͷϡ䱾˵Ļ˵ǡ
ϰٸҶ۳ӶѲΪǣĿʮǾļǿĸ֣ҹְֵأǲڱְǰ֮Ǳҡ
е˴֪ʲôݱĵطǶеɱͽֶΣڹؼʱ̿ټǧڱݻأΪλĽҲӳ㹻ʱȥʩչֶΡ
ƽ֚㷢ԼֱЧķʽȥԽڼв̬ȲòǿӲɱƽº͵ؽˡ
ʿµķʽ
Ȼ˲ǺӦ
̲˻ɱʲôڼ˲²ŶԷ뷨Сӹͷ
ܿͷƽ֚ҡҡָǾֻСȳǣա쳡ԽǵʵԶԶңҰḷֻ́ǺĹϵѡ
ǿݰǻ̿֡ȷʵ˵պȪĴý˸е־壬Ϊһϧû㹻ֿġصֻʸڵѣˡڼڳƻ֣̿ȴ¶ζЦݣҪ˵ȷʵ˷ָʾġȻλϲֻṩ˻ķ򣬶ܸԴ֧֣Ӱˣƺͦġ
ʲôƽ֚һʱûһ˼˶Էеʧɫѵ˵ǡš
Ǻǡ˵֮󣬽ڼ·磬ݵЦһЦ̲ԣӰյ쳶ţɿң֯ίεķиϳȥЩտڰŵȻšΨһλӾɹʵ¼Ļų˳ĵһţ֪ҽĳй̿͵ɣԴоһЩ˵֤ݣվȷҲ㴦Ҿһ֤ȫСȦס
Ӿɹʵ¼Ļƽ֚ظһ仰ϻ֮ɫԱˡ
Ǹ˷ǳִٵرܿͬܺԱ˵Ļǽϣ쵽¡֮ʹҴȥˣʱ̫κѯҹƶԷѡĿľ´˻߽ھãʵڳ鲻ҵҰɡڼԼλѵʶܹĻֲǹ˵˼ôģǹˡ
ݲ˴ӾݹһȻŽеɱˡƽ֚һ仰ܽ˾飬ƾЩϢ޷֤ʵǳڡλˡ⡣
̲ǡ಻ų԰ڼпһҲᶪԶԻһ㡣Ҵ̿ͺαĿǰ֮⣬ûע⵽˰
ðɡƽ֚ʰ˵ͷյĻҹҼסˡôһҶˣҪʵûʲôҪԺȪ˵𣿡
ȻУʵղٻҲ׼ҪˣڼȻö־̲ˣӡǩ˰;Ļᶼ̾Ĵȯи֮٣ֻϧѡ̫ʡˡֱԡԽʮɴˣ֪֮βŻΪȴֻǲʧѣѾһ㡭
ƽ֚Ǿȣ̶Դмٴδˣǲ̫ܵģԭ˵Ҳ
ҵϾΪЧ꣬Ϳ๦ߣеҵ˻˹ǽµƹ񻮷ֳݣǶƽּҸΪѡ񡣡ڼвԾҰĵɫԽи˵ıã֮ûκʱᲢۡⲢ󣬶ʵ顣˭ûмأ˵İʮǰҲ
ʮǰ𣿡ƽ֚ü˼һȫӡ
׵İóʱɮ˵ҪԷ𷨾ȶȣ鵽ԺŶʮꡣ󷨺Ż⡯´ԺУǰղżĻؼ飬˸߲ҵ˵˴ƽ̲ҼŲ뵽ʮҪԻˡȥĿЩȺԺΣܼƳǧᣬ֤ȷʵˡܹ̲˿ɵĻԸ񡣡
˵ǲð飬˸еջֻúЦƽ֚δÿɷ񣬷ץס˶Էе©Ҽǵ¶ټڴɵİɣΪΰ͵ɵĴɽȥУ
ɣֻΪüҵѡʮǰδִڵɵϸҡڼɫػش˵ʵ֮֯һֱڿǸˣֻǸĴڲͬڸСɣ治ȡϣڸĻƽּһɣȫû⡭


ʮ αѱ
ƽ֚ڳѹ̬ߵݴϰڼʣж
һպʧأ۵ԼҰΣҪ̽̽˴еĿڷ硣
ԼôĻҰļҴԿܷթһЩ
Ĺͦ˳Է˵˾㤡
ڼһľߴԵľϸڣǲ֤˵ģҲûбҪȥ׷α˵ĻҲǳܶϣ˲ǡԲµģֵš
һأ
һԭίǡڼԣôأ
֯ųǷΪĻ죬ʵǱĽеģҽ֮ճˡ£ҪΪΨһ;ҵĽǴйϸų켺𲽰Ĵ󽫾ܿ
ֱ졣
ħ˵Ļ˾ÿԲ㡣
ѺȻı̬ȣֹ˰ݼλˡΪų彥˾衣
Ҳǹ˲ʲôΣյͷ
չĻĻسԨӢʧ᲻йأ
˵ͨǣΪʲôѡطƻأⲻǲԼ̨
Ҽų֮ţշɸĻҳһԱȥɹʱʶȡ磬߻ڼһŵıʡ
Ҳľ㼪ھãڼҲǸ׽֯ҵˣ֮ζԲƽ֚һʾ͸¶ôƵλˣ֮Ĵ㣬Ҳһؿƿ
ҲԽ˵¸ûеλݽкˣҲҪôΪǵֹ۰ɡ
ƺȫպй¶Ѱй¶Ҳ˵
˵ͬǵԴ˵ĴųëԪ͡ǲͬģΣҲעرǳ֡ƺͲֻȰ˵нͶ
ë˵ˣºáмơڵġ
תͶ֯µģȴ˾áȷʵĻͥϼѡ񡱡
ԡ
ħŪʵʵȨ
вУĿǰ֪ʵ̫ˣȫ޷Ʋ⡣
Զ뾩ֵı׶ˡ
ǳ֯ﶼȫĶأǶĻڲ΢仯϶ҪһЩ
ƽ֚ʱ֮Ժͬʱһ;ھǱߡ㹻鱨֮ϸ
Ҫһ˺ǹ㡣
Ȼ뿪Уš˼·䡣
Ѿׯ԰á˵ʱˡֹȻҪתΪʵֵغͱĻվһ
ȴʱƽ֚ΪȪȨߣúþ˵֮꣬д˸ɹֵĴǡ
δԪɼסһ£ǣ׷׽ԣ˼ֿ̡Ҳ֪ǱʲôԢ⣬ǵеûţʱˡ
̵ĵص㵹ǲۣȻǾˡճֻͣ㹻عȣǱصС֮ǡ
ȻǵʲõԾΪˣᷢԶһۡ
󲿷˶᲻һڴɱߵĿ̿ޣ֯ҵΰҵǣԼ
ƽ֚ûȤ
нҵһȡرˣαȥǸأ
ֱҵľ㼪˵رƺȾ˲ѺͰ飬Ҫ鷳ˡ
Ǹһʼ̵Ļᡣ
󵨲ɼסġľݡ͡Сݡʿֱ£Ϊӷǵĺ̨֬ݡϰͰԼļҸϳ˼ţȳңطŵޣ󲻱ǣ
һҹ֮ͷ䡣
ꡣ
ܴ˵ȴǷǰŽ빫صľ㼪ķھúǧҲ⵽ˡͨСָ
û㹻ľҲȱɱ˵ȻöصķʽȥʩӰ졣
࣬ǿġ
ֻУ󲿷̼ҶٶϹϵֻǳ̶ȵѡ
ľ㼪һԲ;ͳûŵΪ˶˯žġ
ȷʵǴľݡС̫űץʹţһպһץ˵ı׼Ͻôأ
΢ŽʶҶеġ
ǡֻת˶̶ĽۿҪΪʷˣ֯ҡƽ֚㡢ʤҡһԸⲻϧ۵رס
Ȼ̫ʵ
ʵȷʵҪȥһ˾֯ţŵŨһʯ֪СǰɽǹСľ㼪̹͸¶ȥ̲Ӧܲ³Ǻԥѡ˺ߡȻ֯ﵯΪĻ쳤ӾҵȻѡ˼ĵط
ƽ֚һʱ֪˵ʲôá
ȵȻҪлľ㼪ø̹档
θпֶ֯λǲһЩǧʯбŨһʯСʲôͰʱӦǿȨλٺ»
ѣϸڲ࣬ĴϺгˡǡȻͼ£ųһִγľ㼪˭ţ˭
͹Ĺƺ᲻ظݣﴦʱнͼΣòŤתʱ֣ȴʼֵΪˡ
ľ㼪֮󣬡żз纮ƽ֚ڶҵأǳټˡ
ôʱɳȥ˺ǹѯʵʹ߶ˡ
ֻǽ⡣
ױдĻȷʵһЩѿ飬漰е˽ܣˡҲ͸¶
͸¶˵ʵ͸¶һЩ
ǵִֻһ֮ңˣһʼûܿԽȥ
ͻȻҵԼˣ
ʵǸֻµĶ
ǹʵ¶ޣֻͷ˵λȨᣬΪһЩķѾò֮ˡ
ϸʲ֪
ԭǰǹרŸռס̽ˮġҪְÿն١ɮһ˻졣
ǹˣʵ̫д⡣
յ˵Ļظƽ֚͵ˡ
ô˵ֻܹ֮Ҳȥ͵¡
Щ£ǴڼĽ顣
鱨ԱӱǵŬ֮£ݵѾʱ͵ƽ֚ǰ
Ǹ˼̻ͬ̾޼ȣǵʷ㳤Ҳʮ顣ڼഫͳ꣬ҳĻʵ¡ʯɽԸµķ¼ϣҪĻȺϸ̡ܰ
ʸȨ󲢲ϡ汾£ϸá֯ʱܹתܵȨĲͺѵˡ
ƽáյƸ֮ڼй޲֯ϵԾ˥ˡ
ھáǧײʷƣľ㼪ƣȻų֮δܼʱ̬Ҳܴۡ
Ψнڼʼնǽǰľͷ
ˣȻֻǸˣƺҲʸΪκҰļҵϱˡ
˳һᣬżλŮʿȷǽڼˡõĸƺͦǮΪС
ϸλŮʿ˺òɳƵ֮
ϵƽ֚ǳҰԸǧ赽ҪѧϰһЩ֪ʶ䣬ݵĽڼϰǴ˵мңȥǷԸӼͬҼҺһϰ


ʮ 
˵ע˴ɼס֮ϣƽ֚ƲںȪмӴھĻڲϢ
鱨ߵȻҲԼרҵ֪ʶУȫǲϵġʩѹʵʩԱֻ伫ˡ
ʱǲ̽Ǳǿ϶ģԻױɮʦˡҵȵ˷½ĵݣܻܲȥ
Щλϸ߻ȨְصĻһ뿪Ǿ;ڲǰʵʩ٣ǳȥݷֶҪͼ
ٲֽΪľګݼѣɲͬ־ھҰĹ۲ص㣬õĶңһйĿ˼¼ڰ
ǮҲһѧʡֱݣǶŵ𡣿˵ˣĻְܷܸ·Чͺúܶࡣû£ΪǮƻ֪޲޲ġ
ʵڲУ֮ĵطµؼԺܳ΢ͼӴףɾȥԲĹ֮ȻӦķ⣬ҲǿģҲδؾͲײͬ
ǳĳɹƽִ֚ɨһۣ㽻ŵӱǣȶԡ˰ңγ˶ʮҳֽһǧֵĳƪۡ
д󲿷ϸ΢ĩڲмһ顣
˵
¼Ļĳͬһʿŵڹ֮Ůףȴ˽ͨ԰¼ҵС㣬ŭĿǰʧ٣ѱɱʬλŮƽѳ顣
Ůĳ˹ȪĳŮʦĳŮ泯ĳԼһ֮˽ܣҡУųѰʿμӰҵж
Ի˹ߣЯҾھ¿˵̣޺ܣ˶Ȼ̨ڸɮ˵ǸŽɣĻ̡̻
Щ֣迴ȥȫûĶļֵϸ룬һʲôıǰأյ޾ϸзָʾ㴫Ҳûɸ
ܹôϸǾҵҵûйͣҲпˡ
ƽ֚㲻ܰԼĲ²㽲ȥԻԱûʲôֻϹץģûõ鱨ǵĴ
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Ҵμ˴޲ڣҵ˵ɵе츳Ҫǿʮ
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ϽǳĻ䣬⸴ˡ
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ʮһµѮѾתˡ
곤˶̾˵ÿ춼֮ǰ䣬Ǹ͹ԡ˿Ա»ѰȥˣȪֲľĵĵطȡůĳɱǣ˵ʮǰѾΪش󸺵²δض
·ԼĹǲ⻹
ƽ֚˰ǣµǷָҪɿҲҪľмסֻŻҡ
ȻԼǲܵκʶȱӰ졣
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ƽִ˲ϲ̿ζڷǽ˼в㣬ÿ꺮͵ʱ¯ӷŵвĽȥӶůˡ
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ԭƽ֚Ϊڼ˼ʶķ߷ġ
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ͬʱҲҪھſõˣ಻


ڰʮһ ƴ
ʱۣ׾Թ϶֪͵Ԫꡣ
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ѾʮĹıǺǿġǰ˵زΣδѶ֪೤ʱ䡣
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üͷһ˼˵Ƭ֮ܥβش˵Ȼûʲôʵ֤ԶԶһ뱱ս˺ܶˣڲô콲͡͵´ǽһìܶѡҡҲûԶְ
ͷ
ƽ֚̾һÿɷԹ˽ڡ
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Ĺ鱨˺ü죬ŵĩ˵ҳΪҪԲǰЩ顣
ƽ֚㿴֮תüһ˿ת˲ŵ˷ܣԸȡīҪдŸضӣǵˣҪظһʯɽԸµˣְˣţһ˰ɡ

ܥβȥķı
ʱ¶Ȼ֮ɫβ⿡˫ĿãȻеϽ࣬ʯûȥ˼ָʱǷаصͼ
ƽ֚Ȼǻƽ֮
ǣʶ㵫½ҳĶβ⿡ȴֻеһƴѹԼҪ
·ǲʳ֮ǰͻһצסֻԳҪһԾ
̼䣬˵꣬ƽ֚صͷ衣
ǹͻȻʧˡ


ڰʮ ͷ
ҰԶɽ壬ĹС֮һ񲻵λˮﺵxֻܼаԼ130Ķͷõʱ򣬲Ҳһʮʯ
ѸߵԶɽɣԼӡԶɽ˾ɺԶɽɣǽеʿү֪ʮᣨԼ30ʯʵʿȫ֮أ֮һİݺᣬ䣬ʮСũðƴһ顣
ǼʵҲ泯죬ֲʶһׯںȻһļ̳˺˵ͷΪũʤ֮Ĵ°֮ʱɾͰѵз󽫵ĶӸץסˣΪݹͣƸΪ챾ӵͷ
˵ӣӦüҵķкͿϽԱҵæ򼦣ƲӬ⣬Ϊÿս˰۵ʱ򣬶ֻдŹԶɽȫȨȥͺˡ
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һʱԶɽɶʱ׽ɬ״
ۿ´ԼÿҪ׵ĶʮǮȴղˡ
֪µĺסԸԸ½⡣
ԶɽԼˣΪֹ۲ġ

ϵʦ治ԶɽɼҴҵܻԼҵլԺ˻ûţȺˣ˵ˣʮǮһĲ٣֮ڱ룬ԶɽҵλҪǨԺͬЩͼһӵĲ﹩ˣ
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ȷʵҿʮˣһ궼УԶɽ׼ȻΪʧ̶̾üչ̧ͷӾʧŭ
ܼҺӣʤǸ˵ŮѧһԻʦҲڿǼô˳ۣҿǸۺͷŮ˾Ǵ
߳Զɽż򲻸̧ͷС˵ĵ׺ģһǷɣѪͳ
ҸԶɽĻ㣬žž⡣
ԶɽͷȲҲۡ
ʮ꣬ճ겻ãǶԿǿĽ׶ΡοϵŮĹأ
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ΰȥµʱҲ˳ȥʤǰɣͷôܲ취ĳλ˵仰ۼҶɹѹأ
˵£ɻִ֪ģҲۣϽػȷʵȥˣҲ˴磬Ǳߵͦģ˵谮СմûȣϣְͷĿ⼸ҹ˰æǲܵģΪóΣ´Ͽͽϡ٣ܲ죬ӥȥˣ֪ɶʱܻ
ְǿ̫ˣԶɽһϲ̶ֲס̾Զˮⲻ˽ʰ˵˲ðôϳȥӥأδ⡭δе㡭е㡭
ϵôͬţͲܽǮ𣿡Զɽ顣
ϻԶɽɵһۣƣΪ˰ùŪȥõ綼ˣôΪʮǮôͷۣ
ô˵ĻֻôǳѪ˰ɣԶɽһ⡣
ҲʣԶɽԥλҡҡͷȥճɲãũҲûʲôǮȥҪǳǮĻǺѡեҲ˵ˡ
Ҫиػ¼Ȩû취ˣԶɽâĹûڵһˣպǾͺһ׬Ǯ·ˣǲҪģҴɿˣŵҪͲŪǮ
ҲҲû취װԶɽɸпһ䣬Ȼֵ˶һۣ֪ܶϣ֪ʦˣԺͱȥǸʲôǡСѸһﻹź㣿
ϵʹûĴûɫôܸӢ쪣ŮһСᲢۣ
⻰Զɽʵڲ˵ֻԴһ䡰ǡ
˵ÿȥҲ졣ת˲Զɽʰ飬ȥЩĶסϵĵͷᶨؿ˵ϵ;ͱˣͰѿɿɵټҰǮ


ڰʮ Զɽ¼
ԶɽҵĽɶүߣϰ鵱˸ĿڴﰤҰţҪʱӵĿ˰
裬ַУһٻĹӣҲŵṇ̀ũôҷ
ѵܳͷͲݲ췴ɣ
Ӷͷͷʮ˼ңֻһյĹ򣬾եʮʲ󲿷ʵʵƲ֣һƢģöүӳȭŹź򣬴ñףȻũʹعڵ׳ͭǮԭ¡
һ󼦷ɹ֮Զɽľ־
Ⱥӣ֪ôװģⲻǼﶼǮ𣿲ӽʮƵǮЩӡ
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Զɽɽͭһ丸ر˵һξʹչˣ͵ȥʦ
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ʮһ߰ģ˸ĶʮǮʣ½ӽ߹һʴǮ
˳·˷ʤﲼʩһЩµƷ͸С㣬ٻȥõľݴ
һ뵽⣬ֻ޲Ͻɵȥ
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ѾʮĴɣŽǰӣվԺſĿͶԶȥвס߶עⰲȫ¶˸ơ֮ĻֱҰȫӰŻת߻ط
⺢ӱϾǳЩ֪ٳּĽҪӪˣҲΪҸŵԵޣܱǸͷŮ˻ꡣ
֮࣬ԶɽһԼͥԺѰ˸£Ը۶ˮͬʱϸ˼֮µĵʧ
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̫ˡ
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˵֮ڱѶʮǮΣ
ڵĺʦݿɲһ㣬ƽ̴󽫡һļҳҲǹ̸߳ЦġλɮλӳԺ㶪ģڹǰ˵Ļ㲻þŪ㡣
֮»Ըũǡǵ̫ҲУһмʢʲأܵʤſȥԩдѪ飿ٲȫСһߵҲͷۡ
뵽ԶɽɾбҪ棬ڴõİôһΪһͣеġ
һ;˫ϥʮʹԼǽյ˶Ѿˡ
챾۵ʱ򣬸ӰɺɱڣһġԴʮǰͷλø˳ӣµŵĴүһǽɫͿˡ
ԶɽɾϽϴЪϢô˵ɣ
һϵĹ򣬻ܷ첻ɣ

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·˭Ҳ⣬Ĭ˰죬ֻ໥
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˵֣˶һոѹˡ
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ʵô¡ܼԴ˼ؿʼշ顣
׵Ĳʱ뵽ʦܲ棬΢ԼһԶɽӵĶأ


ڰʮ ߣϣ
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һǸǳһУսǿĻ̶̼ʮ䣬ռʯɽȷҵ࣬ԼӺءܵǡԽеĴƬ
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Դһڷɻڴ֮ġɮʯɽʳƽһȥ½ѰʲҲԸ⵽Ĺ޸ƫ֮ش̲ģᶨĻӡ
ҲûʦΡ
ͷжһڵĳԱܱŴͳ磬ۻ뵽ũȥɫ䷳ؽ⡰𷨡أ
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ǣոյʦţǴģ
Ѿ׼׼̲˴ĬĹĴ̲ܵƽּҵ֧֣ϼһЩֶΣðأΣ޷µķִ磬Լա
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ԶɽɵΪȷʵܲ棬Ҳлɣֻûǣͷˣͷ֮⣬Ҷʿү۰ˡ
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ߣ˵ɣܼ羸·֮ԱǣǾһʤȥѵͼˣŵ㣡
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ҶС㾡ϲķʽƺ
PSʵսʱĺܶࡰһ񡱣ߵʽɵģһ浶ǹ


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СԭԪ״ò׵Ǹ˵Ļû˼ջֻڴܼͬӿһȣɹѴһﶼӽȥ

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ΨƲֵͬԼϾˣ;мվһȴֹ
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СԭԪĿ࣬Զԣ֪ʱʲô顣
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иĿױչ˵Ȼ涼˻ѵȥжǧˣſںţ˵ʲôƽ־߽Կ֮Ļǡǵ׸ô죿


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³ʾĻСԭԪһƬհס
ǲ뵱ͽġھҪҳȴҲ֪Ǻá
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ΨСгϣ̲ǰǷԸǧ򲻿˺ðصϸϽţǿΪιȥģǷҪҽʦ


ھʮ 
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ҳԭ˽Ѿɽˡ
ȥǿĹϵ֮Ϊ룬ȡԼػֵĵмصǾֻܾʵ
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ЩһڡԼҰɽڽɶҡĺ棬ʱûбҪȥ֡
Ŀǰ׵ļأѾȡ൱ջ˹ʿɶֹα̫̰أ
ŴĶһ䳤ߵĽ̵ơõġ


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ҲǱʱʿ֪ǱоԵ潻˽´ɵģĻֻһЩϸڣӹҿѡ

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ĳΪԼǰ;ţһǵǼ˰ɡ
ѪԶ֧ÿҪǿһ㣬οЦ֮Ҳʵûʲô˵ģ޷ǽֳдյ̬ȣ˵ЩѾϣȻعڴֱɲ³ֱ꣬¡֮ĳ´ĵˡ
ԹȺֻ֪ۣ͸ˡ
յƺԤϵͬ
᳡գΪԼԣ˴˹ŭڣڲԵĳ̶ȡ
ȴೣĽࡣ
Īǿƽּʮֿµ
Ӻ˵𰡣
Ǹ˭˵˵Ĺ̫˼ŵˣ
ôţȺѰһ£ͿСгǴЦüɫ裬ȺۣΪ顣
ƽ֚Ȼеͷۡ
СӻǲܷιͷˣȻʵûʲôʧ
ۿ˶̫ҷԣƽֻ֚ɤӣǰܽ´ʣȻλôǫãô˵ģԽ޴ˣڡһܵԩһǻֳضʹ̷ΧΪΧ֮ھв䲻֮Ȩ˽ԳΧ̡ػ⡭Ϊϸʵģְ֮ίиЦʮˡ
һ꣬ƽ֚㻷һܣ¶Ƶ΢Цȴ
ǣֻһ˿ҵı顣


ھʮ 
ƽ֚飬ϵĿݣɾͻһٶʿɮ£ΧۺˢڸеĳԹȺڣһͨ
˶ҵϲɫ
Ҳ֪Сгôǽģ˼ŵô
Ǹ˺ܿŵ⽻թͨ󱾷սʹԷܲЭ顣
ôģҲˣǺ˵˵
ʵ˵ЧǺܲġ
üûеʾκηƻ͵ƽ˳ʵʩἤκβɮã˵ģôƽּҾͿڼصϵôߣȡ档
ֶξԲ˷ʹá
վƵĹѣɹ˲ǽʧȴǻ㡣ڴƺʵ֮ϵĲԣǳ֮ơ
Сгˣȷʵ˲ѵãȻԺ󲻿⽻ϸɴµȨˡ
ʵһ뵽ġ
׹Ҳ
Ȼ߽Բ飬ƽ֚һӣͽӽ֮һػΪ䲻롱죬Լʮʯڻ࣬һڻĳɲ㡣
Ӧػְۣԭóκ첻ռݣȲҲϡɼŸ߹ϸ֮棬ƽ֚㽫ѡ
ͬĿǷǳߵģΪĻԼǾĺĴûͻ£̫ȥĹǡ
ȡֵǣÿֱֱΰֵػʮӴ汣ػ
ľ㴨֮ҲлᾺһƵλãǰ̬ȲʵãǴʧ˻ᡣ
׵óεõʴȵˡ귢ľӣ׼֮⣬ûʩĳͷ
ƽ֚ûָȥӹν൱ݺ
Ȼóβκθж뷨
Ȼڡѡ¼ġ
򶼶Ժչʾ⡪ٿԽܡ
ںһȻڵòᣬ㼰ʱһˡڽǱغͽǮҪġ
󲿷ɮ»ԸǰĹҵˮӸ⣬Щϰ˽ʳĺǺоŽһµؾٱ
ƽ֚ڻΧʱ򣬶һбչһ׼׼ҡ˽һЩƽס졣
˵ϸ֮
һмţʵȨһмֵʵȨȻûеģ֮ǿһʵȨϣ
ϸ֮ƽ֚м㡪ˡһ˵Ҫرƽ̲ʶȻ޳òڵûŮûУʵûʲôóġ
ﵹǴ˵еġĹһˡȻѾӽʮˡ
ÿʮӴ汣ֵúΡ
һǵļһܵش죬Ѿҡҡ׹߽ıԵˡû޴ֱִóͷҸ㣬λȨƵλոһ
ϸ֮ȫ޸һûʲô̫ҰģػҲͼδġ
ֱľЩƽּӲˣһʱĹϻվȡ
֯Ͷ㴨֮ȥ걻ԭ̫ң궼δָܻԪ
ͺ¿ǹȻȻ˴̷Χûôˡ
ԣдλһڣΨĻˡ
ϸ룬ÿΪˣͨڼȴʵˣͬƽּҴϹϵʮӴ汣롰ͯӡƽһʣ־ȤͶΪһĺѡ
Ļƺлƽּҵϵɻڴѫ
˵
üҾǶ
˵һʱϻšüҡʵ
⣬ȫ롣
ϸ֮֮⣬һ˸߲ҵֱ
˵ͦӡ
ңԭֻǸ΢Ĺڣһһνչʯĳ̶ȣھȻûʲô
Ȼһĵֱ⣬ݵرɽΪػְۣɡͿߵ
Դ֮ǵҰһĶʼϲλ
ƽ֚Ը˸ػϲЦտȸԾˡ
ֱĻرǵֵġʮֻ˼صжԼҵ˲ᣬ͸¶һЩھӵĵϸʣǰϵѵġ
ƽ֚յϢ֮˲֤
ʮպƽּطľ㳤ʵ忼죬ر˵ҶԼɵ鱨ھӵļٽҷˮ֡
ɺɵıͦгġ
ƽ֚Ȼܣûȥ׷΢ΪڼպĻ״ذʾ䡣
˼˵ǵˮƽӵαװסүĻ۽𾦣ֻ̬ȿȡüƽϰˣ
ⱾϡƽȨֶΡ
ֱȴǷӦܴ󣬵ھͱֳľη
֪ڱݣû档
ϧǣͨļˣôһ
ľؾܶȻšɽͷ塱˼·뼯Ȩ£˼
Ҷڼص̬Ⱦһϣһһ
û˼ӴǸǿ֪
ʱƽ֚δ̡µдһԴݣϿǰ˵ָѾͳƹˡܼƵزԼʮʯʯڰʯȷʵǼ̳ʮһʯǽսҷǷȡġ
սȻòЧı׼жϹǷϷƽ֚ȡһһеĴֱߣ
ռʱ䳬ʮģһϷǰ鲻׷ʮ»ȡأǰػɽ״ϣһǷ
׼ƺ⣬ҲǾġ
ɶʮ꣬׷ݵһȥˣ㡣꣬Ǿûղ˶١Ƿˣʮá
дһϵ֮ƽ֚˼һ£˵էǿһɣ͹ڸʯĵռ䣬ʮһʯǷأֻҪʯΪֱϽҾ͹ˡ
ǡۺ͸˰棬˼أдһСؽŷʡ
˵ǲóеġ½֮عҸЩߣ˵Ĺսս͵ķϣֻǳһľۣԸѡ˰ҲŻݡɣ߳ɣƣ񡣡
ƽ֚㿶ò
ҲָܴӼ̰룬ֻҪѾغ˿ڼ¼ڰѡ
ĿĶھá
ǣдһϱʾȻּʣںȪ·ѾΰսֿˡôǷҲҪڼ趨ֲأ
ȷˣƽ֚æͷ˵ҵˡհѷϣһһδ֮ĹòδжһɳȥֲͷĿ
ûʲô취
˲ţ໰˼ҵרҵΰԱôȥŪģ
ֻԼ


ھʮ 
ΰ²šش󣬵ûɽ¶ˮҵĻᣬҳֻ۾˺͵ײʿ¡
ﲻϣûʲôֵһ
˵£˵ΪܡһֱĩǰأڶûۿŲܻˣ˳ʹ˰ˡ
ƽ֚Լ˼֮ͬ
һֱĩһȻƽΡɶŲ֮һ˻죬ƺδȫеļνӴܸܵʵġ
ʮͣҪپΰҲȷʵ̫ʵܸļҳṩһҲֵһˡ
ԻĲ
ǾˡαһֱĩͷΡ
˾˽ΰְΪĵĹ
ҳǶֺǹŹ֣ڳ˵ϰߡƽֵ֚ʮִţȻû˻ΪҳݵС¶ɨ¡
һֱĩְ֮ĵһΣдһϡƽּطľ㳤˵ļء
ƴĻŵĹս۹һʱ㣬вźܴѹ
˳ƺӵгֵıֻᡣ
ƽ֚Ҳ˺úһ±ҵ˿˲ᡣ
ݷֵ㣬ԤƼ֮ƽּҵֽʵ
ֱϽԤڻﵽʮʯ֮ࡣ
ǧ챾ǹˣҲ̫࣬Ҫһƣǵҵ롣
ţһں״ҳ֪УԼʮǧʯ״ƽּҲζ̷ֻΪһֻݵĴʡЩҳŹ̶˾ְǾۼûؼϣǵճɷиģʽֱϽ𲻴󣬵μ
֪Ϊٺ»Ÿҳ˵ģֻǴΪѡȻп϶ⲻһЩٵġƯû
ҳЩٺ»ҪеӦľսʱʲʿӦԱΪ󽫳ս˽Զ䵽棬ߣ˽챾һжһź״Ǹıѹǽϵ͵ģʮǧʯӦǧҡ
⣬ȷͳڵڣȪ·ưʮңʵʮʯǱǡ²ڡÿԤṩǧ˰ٱ˰ڶռ̵ŻߣҪܴۿۡ
ЩͳɢȨ̶ȵµĴԣִܹмأ֪ҳʵƶϸı۸˰ѾǺļҳ˵ˡ
ƽ֚ƶı׼ҪϸһЩ
һЩӣҿǿָӵӺصڡĳҲң᪵㴨ңɺﳤ׼صһҵȵȡ
Щ˵ʮʯ
òˣƽ֚ƺҲԺųԼ߰ʮʯĴˡ취һ£ɰʯҲûпܡ
սǰڵĴʵôģֱϽ죬״̬ʱټϿһЩҵҪأ֤룬Ȼ󵽾Ū֣ԵӺһʱ׳
硰ʮһ̫Ӿá
ƽ֚㵱Ȼ֪ʷǰĴ˿ΪԻ󣬶ʮֳʵעŵ̬С
˿ڵ˲ᣬֻǵһѣͼڸѵͷũ֮ϵĿǴݻٽկأԸķƣȽȨ
Ϊȷ˵˳Уƽ֚žڰʤפһʱ䣬ڵɼ֮һڵ¼ֹͨȷλɮ̬Ƿ仯߾ȫȥסڽ
˳ҲԶԵʩӰ죬װͻǱĬȨ
ԭƽ֚ѡ˼ΪҪԷ򣬶Ĺ൱ȽⲢζŷΣڰ᪡趼˵Ա
˭룬ìܷԤ֮ĵط
³ߣؽһҵʱдһϴϢ˵ȥĴһķУµؼĶʱȻʧ٣صľϡ顢پҺ嶼ʾһ֪
֪£ƽ֚Ϊŭȷ˴ڡһ޹أ˼Ҳҳйأ֮󣬻һ䡰ڵҲҪҳ˿
ʮ֮ʮߣдһٱ˵ϡ顢پСֿأɱУӵвشɣץ
ţƽ֚ͬ⣬ҳͨʱ֮Ȩ֧챾ӣԱȪ·ƽҡ
дһϣҪټȥ׽磬ȻЩѣֻҪֹҵļС
ҳͨǫ˥ҵ˴Σƽ֚˳ˮۣسСгΪ䷡
ϡ顢پС壬ܼƲһǧʵʮޣΪǡ
˻ᰵ֧ͬǣֻҪûڽվЭ磬γɲ˴Χıҡ
뷨ƽ֚Ĺ
ֱ¶ʮգٴյǰߴصļ
˵ҾõӺشϵıӻڼΪͳʿؾ˶ǧǷء
ҳͨбֻǧһʱԹˣ뽩֡
ͬʱСгᵽ˵Ȫ·Ĺ˺ǣۼ²ܵǰ˰ۼŻߣԹߣʿ䣬ϻս
ϣƽ֚޷̷̨ڡ
羮ϡ顢پ֮Сɱ˾ɱˣؿ֪ȵ´˻Щصĺ֢
Ǽ֡
صĹģǾĹ滮ġǵգȵͷߣڱεķΧ֮ڣʵȨ
һΪ˴򱧲ƽԿ
˵ˮɽҵƣȡһڵ֮Ĺ˳ģҲȷʵĹʱ
ּ͹ִֵʱˣȷʵ֮򽻵
ĹɺǴԼҪһҹʱ䣬ƽ֚ڴϸ˼һӦԼضҵ顣
̤ϺȪأյӼܺԺû˼һʱϸǰˡ
һ鱨
һ鱨˵ǳҶԱڱǰĥ߾ϣϼҵһǧչսǳռϷ磬һ·񣬵׷Уܵϲֱҵңȳˡ
ڶ鱨붫йءڴȻԶսϮ˵´ҵǳغ;Ÿӡ´ҿӦʱءȻǵ´ѣȴԵԮ͡
ǽܵľ䣬ȫƽּҵ鱨ԱҲûȫֻ֪ǲʤͼüʢλʱĳͻսų̫дܽʢ£Īˣ׺ؿྮжԲü䷢ǿǴһôϽҲǣ˽ȥ
ĿǰѺ֯δԴ̬ô̫С


ھʮ Ͻ֮
ŶвСĻԣȻ̶ȸͬ
ǳϣǺ𾪵Ϣֻˡǽϲֱյ롱ͷŵԱ̡ϣǳù˴ܵ衣
ǿΪʤĹ˵ġ
עƵܴ鵱пֵܶһͷ
ϲֱұѾëԪ͵ĵ¸ģ򣬵һңͳ˻ͷݣ³Ϊھļϡ
˳ĺ˳ҡڵƵ˾̾
̵УӮֻϲֱұˣھëԪͶܺߡϼԳΣˡѳһ汩¶šëҸǱԩͷϷˣʱҪΪЦ
ǳ֮ϲֱҵػһ᳹׼ܿϼ𣿴֮ʵëԪȻѾվ绽ˣǷѹסϲֱң
˵λǰıңܹЧյİıһзӱأ
ͻǳֻΣһ겻ǾͷӦӣɢڲṹǷбΣգ
֮ܶĥǰĺչƺŶֿԣڴ˲
飬ͷͺˡ
ֻ֮ռ쿥ӡԶ߾ϵļǳأ˶ãһԵ´ҷģԣָβŨң
Ѿһ˺ЭԼˣ֪᲻һΡ
ֻҪгԵĻᣬ̰ϻͲֿ̫ء
Ӧģֳɵĸ͡
̬ϿѾ׼´عںˣȴݣ˵һЩޱҪϷʵˡ
սôǸأ
ڹ丸ϿѾз֮ܶôֻñȱ
˳ԥڽܵ˵ǺϢһղ¶ʽı⽻ԣܵ⣬޷ר־ؽ´
ԡ֮£ƽּҵϾ֮ʱһЩʽۣҵԤͬ
ΪֻռԶ¸ǡǳΪ˶Լġ
ҳͨƵ´ᱻ仨ˮҲⲻҪ۽ջݳһ֯Ҷš
ƽõ´֯ﶼǲ˼һ·࿭裬ϽȻڲٽ
ƽ֚ȱһ鱨Ŀ̸壬Ȥҳеۡ
û˾õ´սʤҲû˾һ塣
Ͼβ֯ӵ´Ǹĵͷߣ򲻹ҲܻΪλս
ʱͽ̶ѹǵֶΣܵҪʮܰչ
ңԶвĻϽ
ԴǼû䲻ܼ֮ʮʯĸ֮ƺѾ֯סȻųȻǹΪҵľӣ֯㣬βѾ൱طʵ
ơɽǡҰɽȪ·ص֮ơ
Ըؽ˵ΣҲǻᡣ
㡢ɭɳɲȻ½ݡ
ƽ֚Ϊ黫թʱĻƨסأüػ֣ɱĹɢӰ̳е֯ҵĴŲۿҪɻڴ
ʤҡһ˵ļȴȫͬ
Ƿǵܽţ˼ֵĵìܡ
ųڣһΣ˼ҵ޹ѹƣ󲿷سǣһĻȡӵأϸ΢ĩڲ̫ġΨƽ֚㻨˺ܴȥڲ񣬽ʵЧķȣѹǱڵķɡ
·֪֯ҽһ
յõĹʵµĸ
˴ϽңܻΪҩͰĵߣͬСɡ
µĻʤҰüʢһǻôȫǳ飬ĿĿ϶ǿϽ֧䡣
֮ü䡱ȻȨһ棬ҶȺϾǸָӺ󶼲βž߱͵
ɱ˽̳ƽãѯʱײųǱ˽գغͱྮСд԰֡Դ˲״Ǿͬġ
ۺϿǣһΪʹãȻû⡣
ǰܿƵסС
üʢų¶СˣһܼԦ˵ģ
ʤȻˡ
鱨Աｫ񴨡üе³ǣٻ̫д׺ؿྮͣǹ黹Ȩְüʢ
дྮ˶ǶӸңظ˵˵Ҫ󣬺ӵĵˡҵȾܾ
ϴԾӵĲʤϺǹҲס˵˼Ӳ˫ɢ
ȻװӵдྮУڻؼ·⵽˳ϵϮ
ǰˣǿһ˵˾䡰βȱ֣߽֮ѣصٱü䡢֣ѸķϴǴ
ͷβȫ͸Źɫʡ
Ȼͼ͹ϵȰ˵óغͱȨ治֪˵ֱ޴ȷʵֻвʤó顣
ַȻܴĿġ
ʱͬգڿɲǴҸϴӵʱˡ
ʤӦòڻдྮͬ־ɱģҪɱҲİԼˡֻβУɵӡ
Ҫ˵ǱݺҲ
ݹдྮǺܽģԴ˽˵ӣĲ̿ͣǺüȫװľӡ
ǳ֮߳֡ĵжҪϢǲôִж췽ҹ̷
üϽĵϷӣʤҾͲ޹ģûоУһΰӲ
ƶϣ׵Ĳ²üʢָʾžɲɱˡ
Ȼüʢúõľӣǲʤģ׷ʤͬѴ̡
һ桭˭ôϽأܲ˵ġ
ƽֻ֚ԼĹΪڶ㿪ڵУû߰³Ϲϵ
ߺͶߵ¹ȷŷţϽұи˵
ϸ֮ƽ֚ΪԼʵڼ֮࣬ĵȥĶǡ
д˼廪Ȼʵݵţֱ𷢸ѡ֯ҡʤҡһ桢ྮеˡ
бһҹȻȻ˵ԼңϾǰ¡
ţƽ־߰ǧ˵Ĳӣܾвε˵ʹߣڳദصֿ֮µ̬ȡ
ƽ֚㱾ҲӰ£ǰߵǧʯܥǡ
ͬʱ౸ʱɳ˱ֶԾܼӣҪлɳˣ͵һʱ


ھʮ ַս
û칦ϽǱִϢ
̫дʢս֮󣬼׵дοͦŽһźͼҳٱ׺ؿྮЯɹͬˣһǴ񴨡ü޳Ϊ
ִ֮䣬ֻԱԼǧʿ䡣
⣬Ϊ˵üʢ٣յݺвȡԱȻصǰľԭǣóʵĽɲ㼯ǧϵľơǧЭս
ǳҪҵ̬ˡ
̫׺ѳɣţһ
Ĺ˺ǣԼδõ൳ȫӵྮ
ų½ת⵽˵صڣڡ쵼üʢ
ķ֮һұ̬ȡ
ʤִƽϲػȻҲͬŵĲΪдྮоеŭǰȥͨŵᾡಶ׽Ļ֣ҪԷֹֿͣ
Ȼ⵽˺ϵľܾ
дοྮжԴ֮Աǣƿڴ
Ų߳ŭڷԱҪַ췴֮ˡ
ڶʶüʢĿ֮Ҳ̫˵ȥˡĿ֪ƭΪӲܳϣӲͷƤ񵽵ס
汻ǿȥҲˡ
ǣϲĹڣسʯȨԽػֱߵ㣬Ϊçײ֮٣ὫѣȻܾ˶ԱҪ
ǰǼҾӰǳ֯ϵ׼ңλʮֳȻӰ죬Ǿȫսġ
ͬʱһҲȻǱ˲ʤңصƽأڳԹۣ̬ͼ֤ס
ȻжҲЩǷȱġѾǣ˽ȥ˼ƺֻܼϵɣͽȻǵòﲻѡ
ΪųȨʱһֻҪ׵ἴɡȴڵľȫͬˣΧĺܶ˲ֻ࣬ϣҶѡ
ڼװˣܳˣ
ôһ֣ʤҼ¼ҹ˵ľء
Ͻ忤֮У̫׺ü丸дྮĶţҰޡܹвǧӦ٣ϲֱӵʿſǧ֮
Ȼƽơ
ʤѾºڣҪֶƽңһʱǽʧݣ֡
Ѻ֯Ŵ£ԼͬʮƵıطӦǶǰ׼ȷĶǺϡһģ˵ЩûʣģɵĻ˼ǡǲŹһˣҲԩһˣҪ쵼֯Ҫ߼ԼϾ·֮ġ
Ҳϵе顣ʵûԴֻƾȡ֯ʵ㣬ѹҳ
ӱǻðʩѹķʽȥʹԱķա
⵱ȻֻĿǰ£Եú
֯ңҪôֶδãҪô͸ɴϽˣô岻ܳ⡣
ΨһõǣǳԶڹʱûֽ
Ž£鱨ƽ֚΢еءϾ֯ΰҵҲһݹ棬ʵڲ̿ôͻһ
Ȼϸ֮ƽ֚ȻôʱóȻС
⣬ܵؾʰ桱룬ҲҪܡ˭һ
ü˵⣬ڶֳɵġ
ʱԪѮƽ֚㶯ԱԼҵ챾Ȫ·ڣĹȡһЩԵԮˮ½ܼһǧˣڵַֿصصˡ
зԼʿǧ˰ˣۼڴΪĵĴݵ㣬ɻΪ֮ƣٲȻǴ㸺翹ˡ
ΪȷսҳͨСгǧˣѾ˳ֵ׼شפعº͹е
ƽ֚ǰ֮󣬶Դ˱ʾʮ⣬Ȼ˵ǰﳤľպͽҳͨСг˱ʽΪУи
ڼƽ֚㲢ôһζǿӲڽõĹͨ
ԡѣЭĹ̡ΪһѾȷͬ˼ص顣ҵĺжûʳԵĴ㡣
ʵļطΧʮϸרӣû̫ഥǵ档
֡ȵߡûеվԵġ
ҵģǾϡ顢پһʯصСආǡ
ġȵߡֻزʶʱ
ˣƽ֚㷢Ա֮󣬼ھ󲿷ֵ˺嶼ԼӦû֡Ըͬ硱顣ֻмãȻ
ضԡʿĴͳǿͬζŨصʶԼбҪΪСֵǡͷ
ͬʱҲΪֻҪóĿһػûʲô˲ġ򲻹ˣպٻڹǡ
ڼȨʶĵ뷨Ĺ˺廹治١
Ϊ˵˺ܶࡪҲ޿ֵԭ֮һ
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ر˵Ҳɵʶæ˹˵²ǷԼأֻǿعгһЩҪƽ̲߶ѡ
ǣƽ֚ȴмڵ棬Цһİŭʹߵұӻɱҷе֣ʲô߲֮¡ȥأ֮ժȥףԸһԼӿݣ֮գ֮ʱ
ʹɸ䤱Σ壬ſڽ࣬ǱӴܻȥ
ƽ֚㷢߶͸ǿΡ
նߣһȵߣʮȡܵа˽ߣʮȡܵдߣһȡߣ
֪˻ȥоԹĹ˺ԾԾԡж߾Ȼɡ
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²ŵĸµĵط٣Ͳ⿪ʼԼȡ뷨
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дһȻƶǶ
ƽ֚ûмٽȥˡ
дһȻ鱨ͷӣ򽫣ǿܸ˵䡣
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ھʮ 
ӺׯΡ
ӵܥβϸãӵͼ˾׼ķλñʻһȦȻ̲ס̾ѹӺڿλǵ񡣡
մصСг⻰ΪȻص˵ͷ
ӵӺŴ󺣣ǳɽ룬˸ֵĵطȴǿڼȪ֮䣬Ǳ뾭ĽͨҪء
ԼʮʯļһȻ͡ƽɱ߾˼ɽ֣ȫûͨе
ϡ棬ǶٺȴȱõȻۿڣͣʯ󴬵ģȥֻҵ
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ڽͨ㣬ƷóȥҲǸҰɽһֱĿգƽ֚æ˲⣬ջ񵽸߶Ѻöȡ˵ȪپɽǷĻǱӺƤӵ½С
˵Щ߹ˡɮӶݵĺ壬㹻ľУڿչڶұ
Сгӣȴ˴СĽɨңڳỺ˿ɿһƨڵϣֳˮ͹˼ڡ
ŷųܥβ߿ïϸ簡С۵ùǺ쵰˵ڹһӲ
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ɾͱҿЦˡСгô˵ȴ΢ЦһǽҶѡ⡣üַֻЧôá
Ӱܥβݣԡ²ڡΪҲˡ챾ܲڱ컹ɣ
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ȻΪ𣿡ܥβ¶µı顣
ȻΪʲôأСгЦȺһ涼磬ΨڶұΪӡֻʮһ루Լ21ףǽ棬ʮ֧ţֳַôܳùȥ
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ƽ֚ȻӪⲽŷ㰲

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ƽ֚ʹļ׵ҡҡͷ۾Ȼ̾ԭΪӺصøԼпܱסϵѪû뵽ʵ䷴ҵĹʧ


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һ棬һżȻѾûġߵĿʴڡһǸеο
˭ûע⵽һǡӺصռеڽԭļؼƻС֪ҸϾĿִܹСû֮һ͡ȥһɡĲأ

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챾֮⣬ƽ֚㻹ûй̶˾ְһҲĸӣרʹս
Ҫϰƫᳵ͡ڡʵڣĿʹá
ⲢΪҪѺöǡǡ෴Ϊʵø͵ڱãΨһ岻ùǴ¡
ܿڽдսո¶ͷǣͲڹ֮𵽹ؼãǵĴͳûô׸ıġ
ҲҪȵһǿ󡢸Ťתӡ
Ϊ˱ӳ̶ȣһڵΪսġͯΡҲ
źսģƽּҶͳһˣ󽥽ôҪˡΪھϿܻЩá
ġ²ڡҲԵĸıࡣ
Ȫ·ĹṩĶǧԱһơƴ󽫷ֱﰲͰլſΣĺҲشС跬ͷĿְƽ֚㲢ƵطֻǸʵĳƺŶѡ
˵ְǴƵطĵһ
ڹؼʱվӳɹլиļţʸʱָ̣²ڵʵְύ˵ĵܵܡ֮ݡ
ҲָǶܴ򣬲ӾС
֧ڵľƣӦˡۡǳҰ໥Ҫִкõطϵľ
ṩǧҲΪϴġơһɸԼΪƴ󽫣һֱ߽ʵŮֱ͡
ڡдһϡƽּطľ㳤һֱĩսڼƽּҺͳԶڵȨǳҰߣֳķ֮Ͳˡ
᪵ľ㡢㴨ֱ֮ṩһơдǣһ԰¼ĺﳤһơұĹƱȨޣϳ˷⽮ʵȨЩ΢
챾ͬء²ڡݲá󽫡ƴ󽫾߼ľ١
˽ֱʮ⣬߸ơҲյװʵսҪ󡣲Ƚ״дԽպսʱжӷ֡
Ҫרҵܵġˮڡְҵ·ߵøԶаˣ뺣ѡҪôɢˮҪôսԡ۸ƽּңֻͻȻ֡²ڡݡ
·ˮһѡǰߣȪˮȫѡ˺ߡ
ڽ֮⣬ƽ֚㻭һլʮشһ٣ˮǧİˡĴڶڲδˮսǾδͶʵװ
鱨ӵĹƽ֚㵱ȻҲкܶ೬ʱĹ룬ûһ߹Ͳ֪ǷʵãҲ
ֻǷԸβʯˣ˹߳ռ鱨֮⣬Ҫ취̽һ¼ؼ彡״̬
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ݣ˼壬ǳ⣬;УǮס޵ĽһҲṩϴ֮׷
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էһ룬ƺ˵ǺʱģǱʶлӦʷԴ֮ʱʹˡ
ʵݲҵʷûôƾá
Ҫ㹻ƷãŻƵͨʶдھӪĿռ䣬Ȼ󷽲ִ̼
ڣٷ;վطǿҲ⹹ᣬӯΪĿҵΪ
ڶĻȦӪԵġùݡƣεġ
ڷɣԣƽ֡
Թͨɷָľ鱨ϢĴݡ
ܻͼյطʵɵĹ˳̶ȣԶавСǷҪãޱҪַעʱı仯ʲԼ·İȫԡծĿɿȵȵȡ
ֻսʱȨ˥䣬޷άͳΣĴȫͨʱƽ֚ԻǮǧ˵鱨ΪĿһûǸ¾ֻܴáнɮѲŵȥ˽ʱˡ
ʵνġߡ棬Ҳ൱һּղн΢ĵײԱװɲ۵ͨգԴ쵽ȺУѼ䴫ΪҪġ
١ҡȡⶼҪ¹ļԵǱ롢װ֮ĸˡ
ڷ߱ݵأǵȻǿˡ
ֻҪòۣԼװ磬й֮ˣ;˵鱨޾ϸȥ쵽нˮ
һЩˡɮҲҵ֮࣬żȻʹ鱨Աġ
Ϸʳƣκһݣÿ˵оһȫְ̽һְ̽ʣһڿҪҪΪ̽
˵ǴƽּҵİǴЦ
֮ӦݵĴҵҲûô
򹤵ǣձ鲻ߡͷ˻ҪһЩֻʤûżҪ߱ʲôرרżܣֻڿҿң˳ܼɡ
ʵǶԴ֮͵ġ
иߵݴȱഺòɫĵԱаհȫܵõԻᡣ
ȻǲΪ΢ıһɳĻᡪֺ·ʿү߸п˲ı˵ġ
Ҷ;ƣ;ˮĴ̼ഺи˵ĸֵ̧߼Ǯ
Ȼʵϳɹȥû١
󲿷ֵĿֻỨϼǮСѣѯһЩëƤС°ˡ硰ߡǰ˭˰Ρ֮ġ
ĵ룬ÿܳɽֹһΣڵײҲǲСˡ
ѼԼа·̵СɽϣһԺ䣬ľƣ麺Իͥݡ
ǵ͵ݣӪõҵͬʱҲṩʳϴԡˮ֮׵ķĲ߷׵ĹֻҪעĿƹ͸СҲԵõĬ
֣ܲģȴʮԺӣ߳3550ףǽΪʯϸBţࣨ3ףĽǽ˿ְصľƽṹƴһΣ߻ɵĲt̨ճⷿ
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ϸ۲죬Էϰڴſڹ˿۵Ĵӣдţ
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Ȼ⡰ͥݡ븽ķɲ֮䣬ǧ˿Ƶϵ
ˣôֻʱ㹻İȫأ

Ҫȥǰһ𣿺ٺ٣ɲɣ˸մ֪ı䶯ɽҽǰЩ챻ǳϮϼвʷΧͼأһƬҵģ²ĺʱ
ô֮ǰϢȫһˣ˵ǳ°ܣǰһʮְ·İ
ĵҲǶԵģֻǹʱһǰĺսȷϻʤǳܣ˭Ԥô;תأ
֮ǴȥԿʵֵˡ˵ǰЩڶŨԭٹǮϢֻ߷֣ûϵתɱԭһŶɾˡ
Ǻǡ߷ϢĹϢɣⶼ˺ü˾Ǹ׬ǮҪѪ޹׼
ҿҴɣ˲ˣǵðսĹŨ˵ĹأϢ߷֣
ʹ򰡣ӵҲŨ⣬ôû˵ƨأ

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ջŹɣҵպǰ̡ٴԶֻ±սҲС
ҹȻҪ˱ģˣлԹ
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Сʱ֮󣬺һݷϴϵҰһڸеˬ
ν˿װŽʱˮͷüëһţƤôҲܺÿ˷٣ɾϻ̤֯ľ죬ٲȻΪɹʿɡ
οҰһòˡ
ԡԷе⣬ָ´϶ĺɰгһöֵԼʮĵСңݸոĲͯԸ˵һƹıˡ
ЦݣⲽߵֺȺУķһ£ԥֱ߼ͬнһģǼ˲֪ΪʲôִѾ࣬ˮɽˡ
Ȼֻǳ׺ݣһֱδֶŹƣϾʺϴ֡
һҰһĿ곯ߣڸ㣬ĵ˵ھΡˣ˹ȥŶԷӲͣ˰죬ڸͷˮʱȻǷʩ˵
λűһԣ˵ʲô֡һɫݣʲôɽڡɽ顭ʽʲô˼أϰ궼ڹضոչһ˵ȫ׾Ƶı仯
⻰Ǻ͵±ӣ̧ͷǰȻһϾġСס϶ʱҫ۵Ĺâ
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βϴӰǰ𣬳Ϊ׺ؿϮʵʿǧʯϵʵĵͷߣ߹˺ߵ˫ݡ
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±Ǩû䣬β⿡֮һͬսһʱ䣬ǰ;֮󣬱ϵѣͼĻͥ
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ڡڡڣų̣Ϊ˵ġСʮءǺβ⿡޷̹;ֻͶƽ֚Ǳɡ
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βõˡ´塱İȰ˸ͷȡһЩջ֮˷غȪǻ㱨
ʱƽ֚ƺæ빫䡢ɮԼĻ򽻵ճ̷æϾ͡СгҴΡܥβһڽǶڡǰլﰲ˾ְģԼУһͬ͡
βȻûʲôԣµмֻɣ״æżҴɣĻؼҰݷ˸״ˣ
ϵأʱһԲ˿ʣӶ˶˰죬Ÿ̾˵ȥҡڡˣ˵ݷ÷㰲˼ɣ˶ùʡ˵⺢ӣȷʵֳһЩ
ȻҲûд̫ࡪԼжϳôˡ
һ仰β⿡˻ȥ
ˣѧûäĿӳִҫǿģӲܱҵ˥Ѿ֮ʡ
պϴպϾô£ѲСŻһҲ˰
һߣβҪʾܿйؽڣϸϵָʾûκζĶˡڡϱһͻصԼݷﰲĵȴ
ţһ֮İ㰲ˡ

㰲ˣ룡ЩżõĲҶ;ˮ֪ءβϲ˷ܣæԸȡõĲƷ͡
׵㣬֪ǰģòѲ⣬ۣڸм͵ġǰǸҪĽɫ
ȻĿУ۲Զ籾ࡢСˣ㰲õγ̶ȣֻƽͺﳤܱȡһһɣϸ˵ࡣ
Ѿ㹻ֵ˸ˡ
ߣεϳһаʲôȨҪ̨£һһ׼Ѵ֮
βеԼת۵һ㣬Ƚֳڴ
ˡ㰲һѿЦݡ鲻öǱˡ΢΢ǷǸ˲ôòҪȾƵĻһġȻǰȰ°ꡣ
ǣǣΪأβ飬ɷнµָСǳ¾Ʋˣϯرܡ
̼˵ʧЦΪ֮һֱͣ㱨ա
ҲûУ޳輧׶ѳϷ룬ʾһ֮լξķ
״㰲΢΢ͷһ˿͵ζ֮ҸѧϰǡȮӿûô¡
ңβ΢Цſһ䣬ɫҵõ߱סһԳƽҰһĹضˡɷʣԲϳǼϸֻȡӽĹӽס̷ĥһЩϧ²鱨ôмֵģ˵λ˵ĲңʵҵŮ̡Ƿų֮󣬹˵ӦͨҰΡͲ˳һˡ徿˭ȴԷֱˡ
⵹Щϧˡ㰲˵ſϧɫȴޱ仯ǸҰһȻǸЩǣνȡ󡯲εݰˡʲණ𣿡
֪İ취þˣջ񡣡βΪʹģǼһѾڵ˰Բ˵ʵǼˣͽ㰲˴ɡ
ۼѶֶΣǱҸͨġ㰲ˮʵһѾеοˡǵ֤ʣվЩá
ףڣҲһŪһݽβͲѡα족ʹ˵ˡ
˼ǡҪֲäĿҧݵɣҪעִ磬̲㰲ϸƽ֚Ҫ
ˣβԥһ֮󣬼ᶨص˵ͷһƾԼǼҸһʶܶʿܼ̳ĻȻóĽ
仰صڡ̳С档
Ȼȫ̽ӹ丸Ȩְֵֻ֮һļҵ
һġڶԷչ¶Ұģ㰲˿δÿɷû͸¶κһϲĸɫʡ
Ȼβ΢Цһ£ҲûйֻǺȻ˸⣺֪ҵλֳкն񣬿ɷ㰲͸¶һ
ûʲô͸¶ġǶλֵһΪ㰲һģ飬Ҫ˳˵һ
ָ̡β幧طȥ
ҵʵҽղ˵ҲܵõϢġ㰲һ£ԷãҲ֣˵ֹ̫иʮŮôҲֶŮˣλУ磬ոյ˰Ȯ˵ۣɵǧŮˡ
ޡβƵӦһתֱ¡
⣬ĴֹŵǰżȻ˲ᣬԽʮ̸ЦΪǢ̾˵Ұ֪񷨣ֹȻϺ˫ⶩףԽѾӵý㣬֮ܲҪΪŵļҡ
ǡҶβҵ£λֳееԵĸ˰
βƤӲظЦ˺ü
֪ܲ׵ǿƲסԼ
ʵڱûš
ƾ£ɹȺҲǼˣķڷ
ڣֻһɵʵ˸ȫһĸȹϵʲô°
ţβ԰Ȯ˺Խʮһ˿˵Թߡ
㰲ؿŶԷ˰ֲһ䣺̫ǣЩ飬Ҵһ仰㡣
˻β侲
ˡкָʾ
˼ҵԭǡ㰲شӻȡһֽŰ˸֣ƽ֚ıʼ
Ի׶Уվö
úñ֣̲ڿ㡣
ݼ׾ӵķ㰲΢Цֳ̬


 Ļ֯ɳ
ǳռҽǣǱǶ˱ǰһҵˡھǲˣֻżˡϲֱһʲôأҪҵ㹻εиһ֧Ԯٺòˡ
ë½£Ԫͣȥɥ°꣬ɽӸ˾ӦǶ֡ϧС紨ĹɾͲˡ֪ëԪֱӵĻϣֱݲҡͶ뵽ҲǸ鷳
ƤգıģϿֻǻţȻȻӲҸı⽻·ߡʵҲӹֻڸĶԱ֮¾Ե׾ˡɲҴģǲÿһʱҼҵá
ĻȻŲľӣĹ򣬴£Ͻ塭ʱǲȻֶС޵ģԾʤǿվˮ¾е˵ɲ
½ּѲɻʲô޷ڹ˵˶ɣֲֶңԽǰĿ޷ɶѡ±֮У徰Ͼţʵ̫У̬ѿЩӦòʲôޱɣ
ҰͰˣͲҲɣܾ㲻ãһʮʯˣŲʵʵҰġǧһӦҲϡ档ǲܵģϾûʲôõ֡Ը׼ҿһҪúס
ץסҵİ̽ӦÿԱֳ죬Ʋľġ
ӭļ϶ƽ֚շһ鱨ܣܱߵ±仯˴µ˽⡣
˳ŶȺ۴²ۣ㷢ȽѹֳĻ
ʱܻޣϸ˼˵ڵȺ׼ʱأ
⻰ƽ֚̾һֻۣ̾ź»װྫ̤ӣںϴ˯
Ÿո̨ڵĴʦûٹأ
̸Цʵĸٱо·ҪһЩģоۡ
ۺϢ⡣
ӵĽӣѣƽ֚ƿӣѰڳɨ齵ĵ̬վſӭӡ
֮ͥ£ȻòԸм㡢ֲ̬̿ȻӦ
Ҫ೶ٵƪķྫòæ͵СƬ̣ظıԪʹװǻƵĿˡ
ƽ֚ԸսҲԭ
ֻ֡ǽѩ̿£⽻ˣͶĹʵǲֵ̫õģкܸߵı߼ЧӦ
ҲûܳԶ뾩ҳ͸еġ
ءꡢƽʿ䡢ҳЩʵڵĶʹҵǰĸȻЩʵڵĶȴҪһЩ翵ĶάϵһС
֮ܶƽ֚ľεġ
Ρǡǡ෴ԣֻϰ֯ϵʵЧʵ޷ܹɮºͲֽһ仰Ҫư˰ٸӵķʽ
żӦһεãʱ䳤˿ǳԲ
˼Ҫ֪⵽سЦ˵ʲôβʿʼջǲͨ񷨵ˡɡ
Ĳᣬ˵棬ʱͬ˵ѣѪ˿ɫҲȻ̬ȴһɽӽڲ̬˷ܡ
Դų̷ľ֮󣬽Ϻûгֹԥ֮ĸˣ˳ͼ磬֮ŭɶ
Ǹħ˻˸ƵġԣӦ˵ˡ
ĸ̵ͬʱƽ֚ǿ񣬿ʼ˼ʲôʽ׳׼õĻ⡣
ԭγɰžʲôš᣿ܾ磿裿ӥˣ䣿϶ǱȽһİá
ôһӡûءȫɾˣϽڸѧɡ
ǵĹؾ֣Ȳ˳̸һǺŵľٶרΪ˽ʵٿᱻΪǴ³
رݲõĴҪۡ
صȻȻĴ󽫾Ϊ𣬳ԱҲϵĺԱΪһЩ̫ҪС
ֻмͬŵΪͻأ
ǹҲˣ˼ϻҵĴء
ľ㼪е΢ˣŸ˼죬Ļڲһϯ֮ˡ
ڲʤҡѾĲӦǲܶڵʥ˼իܵϯǸʲô˵
֯ųڳ˵λˡǰǸһ飬֮Ȼûˡϼӿܲˣ治֪ˡ
Ժ֮Уʮ˸ϯλΧһȦȲϡ裬಻мճһСݻСǵỹУˡ
˼֮࣬ƽ֚û뵽ô⣬ȴվˡ
ֻľ㼪˿֮ǰ֣ʩ񣬸ˣ֪Ǹֱ֮ˣ֪ʫʸ踳ĵȻʵǰҪ˵ĻԺˣ
ڳ󲿷вֱ֮ɫ
Ǻǡ㼪кҪ£볩ԡѵǺ֮⣬ʮеرЦݡ
лˣľ㼪ʩΪУ˵ߵ飡˵쳵ţѾŨӣ಻عصĺΪΪףֱûĻﰡ
أԾ
ƽ֚Ҳ⣬Ҫ˵Ļȥˣ
Цݽʧšһδÿɷ񣬱Ŀü벻
һʿĻɵų˼֮⣬ŨӵȹŨӽ㴦Щ飬ţҲ˵ɡԡǷЩСأ
ʿ˵⻰̫ҲһȻľ㼪Բ磬һЦԭһΪֻ˺УЩĻҲˡ
βçֱ󵨰죡֪ҡʿ޶˻ɸеŭѣָľ㼪ıӴ
û˵꣬ͱԱߵľѹס
״ɣ滺˵λ˲Ϊ˺ҾĻмӣӦò֮٣»ʲôɣȻľµҲǳԹģӦν
ȥǴԲԺԡ
ѺȻۿһ£üͷøˡ
çʾ˵ĲʤҴ򱧲ƽľ´񣬲ʲôġԡȻһ˵ƽ̲֮ˣߵ֪ȥˡ˵ۣȻ˼ǣʵģʲô᣿
⻰ȫ˶µò֪˵ʲôãһʱ
ֻһĻСʾмߣϽƣñ˼ˣɹ˶׼棬ˡ
ʤҵǶĿһĴȣȻվɴ۾˵òȷʵմڴ˵ˣͻȥ˼
˵Ҫߡ
ѿסˣæ˵˵һȰ£ѸղС۵ѵһ١
ǹҲб߾飬ҲĻߣɹ˲öϣóȻ˱
һɫٳ˵ڲ֪Ƿ˱Ҳ֯´ȶأ
ǹЦ֪ʼûĻͨһϵж֯´ȴż˵˫̬֮𡣡
·Ϊӡ֤ĻʱͥԺ⣬ֵزδμ˼Ҵܹеˣβ֯Զ´źĻЭֹҵıУ


 Ͻ
ֳʵڹڹ죬ʶƽ֚㣬Ϊ֮һ㶣˰칦˼ǰǿ
˸еɻˡ
ȥΪұԵԱľ㼪ǹ㣬Լ;ӾĲʤң£ִˣĻڲĳЩϵڡ
ʲôʤ
˼ȻЩƮȻ̻꣬ǺܸߵģôһȺ˺Ͳɿļҳأ
ǻټͬ飬ǵжϵԼ
ƽ֚һʱ˼
ɲֹۿżҳǵĻ﹥
˷ǳɺϡ֯´ġԮšҲֻݽӹ˵˾䡰֪ˡδ
էһƣƺгʤȯգڡ
Ȼƽ֚ȴý˵ɫ΢е㲻Ծϵĳδڿе㻳ԥ顭Ȼûʲôݡ
ʱľѹһɫٳ֮󣬴վָľ㼪νλıδʾ˽ȥҵ飬²̫׵ɡ
ϸТʾԣǳʱڣҪзǳ֮ʾأҪ˵Ҳն࣬δͬƶӪȹ˵ļƻ
˵һˡ
ǰϴԱ߱ɱʱѻֻǸŽ족ĺУΪѺⲻͨΣڵϦҵҳϵĻӪȣѳշתڽԽǰŨ֮ˡ
ͻΧҹϸТܣԨӢܲȴŵǰһɫٳ֧ʸкΩľɽгϵ˹ס
Щ棬Ҳаͨ֯ģа²ģ淸ϵģȴɿȡԭ¡
սĸǱӢۣһǰ۵㲻ᡣ
ǹûƴˡ
ϸТ˵£δӪжĻԾذһͷ
ҰűҪҰǻû뵽ϸТɱֻûͷȥ
ֻͬһɫٳڼ֣ϸ˵²ҹͬ깫Ϊã޷Ƿʩյȫͬ
ȻδãȴпǱ˲֮ƵѳɱΡϸТСشһɫٳĻ
ֺ޸ݵʵԵúܵͼģѴʱѾ˲ͷ˼
һɫٳҲһ˦ӱʾмüڵλտбˣŹ˵棬ڶԴͬŵ𣿡
Ϊһ˵ˣ˵ôصĻȻǺзġ
ľ㼪ǹʮִڸС
벻ǣվΪڷ絲ģȻһ򡰷֯ɡĺԨӢ
Ѿǹͷɮ۴磬ֻŷʣ鴮ľ㼪ָ𵽣ľµʵ̫ʧ̬ˣΪ½֮ˣôжأȷеҲøСһ㰡
Ȼصڡȷе⼸֡
һɫٳĿɿڴ
жʱ⣬һ˲û
ƽ֚ŻȻ
ζȤ
ǻˡ
һɫٳΪ׵ˣ˳šɽۻ̬ȡ
༴ǡ֯´ȶԲ֯´룬ٺٽȺַ
ĺôǣһĨɱ֯ϵȨԣڽ´ɢųش̡ϼҷԶڼ쳣һЩŨӵĵ̣Ҳ
СΪǱڷգһл֧߱и࣬һ·ϭ򵽾ô죿
ԨӢƺǱľ㼪ǹ㡢ʤԼϸТ˵˵ԡжδĻͬ⡱Ϊɴ¡
ǷϻҪĻ϶ǲܹͬġ
ᵽĳЩĻһ㣬ŲżȻѾһЩ˵߲͵֤ݡ
ͬƽ֚ץסǸҰһһ
Ǳ̨ʾ˵ôھһѴǣ˺ܶˣǷ̵֯´ǿɾΣ
ľ㼪½ǹѾΣʤҸɴˣǷǲܽĻȦӵģɴͷ
ԨӢոһ·ǳɾ䣬ƯܳΪ֯ɡ䣬ȻλӡȻʵʾȫͨ
߸ϵĽˣȻԥġ
˵ˣ󶼺ܸ߳ԲѶϵӹ׹һ֪˴̼ڱ¡ܴӾº͵ײĵĽǶȥЧҵܷ򵽾Ŀԡ
鱨޷ԭǲȱġ
˵ĻڲȻѵô˼ңҪ˵·֮ǿŵġ
жȻͻĳɷˡ
ֻƽ֚뿪̫ãһʱϵġ
ҲȥЩ
Ϊƽ֚ʵѡ·ߣҰ·ߵҪ˴ģս·߲ٸıˡ
һ¡ľ㼪ΪʲôҪŽᷢأѵҿҲ֪иָ㻹ôš
ƽ֚˲뵽ֿԡ
ֿԣҪ¡
𶯣ֹƽ֚ҪϽ͡
֣µȻһˣ̤ߵͥԺм䣬ľ췢ͳһ°ݣ
ˣʵǰЩӣץסһðΪ˵Ұ̽Ȼ翹Ѿˣ黹ûû㱨˼֪ġȻʷ귽λ̸ͬйҵ£ҾͲˣ
һڳϲǸ롣
ѡ˲־ҵ仯·Ҫİ𣬵վǳĿҡͷȻû
ƽ֚ϣġ
߾ܳǼվڵֿһߣҪĻ̬֮ǰ;ȫ˼Ⱦ
һºķ߹Уռĵλ
ʵʳһˣϵĹأ¡ҵ֮Ĳͬܶʱúò˵úã˵úò˵硣
ȻζŸ߷աһɹƽֻ֚ιˡ
ԨӢˡϸТǹ㡢ľ㼪ʤҡЩ˾ȻŽǳ֮⣬Ҳȷʵ˺ǿжʼջǲţûǻ˵ʵ
ƽ֚˵ĻտţڣѾڣǻŲ֮ǡ߾顯֮ܽģ빫˷ַָɣ²ţԭΪĻǰ֮䣬֧Ԯ֯´ҳѪսף


 밲
ƽ֚ѵһ˼ս˴۾
֪ĻΪʲôԹء
Ϥֻÿ϶ڸʲôıˡԽǹûʣȷԽѰζ
ͷ¶̾ȥˡеƽĳһ˶һ֮ʧȥƽ⡣
֮粻ԥһ֮İ˾λҹҶѾ˽ˡ˫ȻóȻĻȨǲɵģ󸨺ڣ
ڴϸТУȻڵء
Ϊʹ飬ŲҪԹͻͣ
Ѳûֱӷַתһ䣬˼̨ס
ˣԨӢơϸǡľһϵȻ¶ϲɫȴҲڵΡһɫٳҰšҵ˾޹⣬ǻЩؿɹѻûȥ
ƽ֚㵹Щʧ
ԭǴһԿħġµӢۡû뵽˾Ȼˡˣкܲһ
ƾѵƣֻҪںţ̬ȣҪ󣬾ܺԾΪܴ󽫡ȡʤʵ
޿κ֮¡
ųҲܹ֮⣬οء
Ψһֵοǣľ鴫ȥԺ󣬿ܻвԶ뾩Ұ֮˻áĻִһʣ˱ԥƽ̲һԣϡ
ô֪Ⱥڱ߹ƽּӰھĹж𵽹ؼ԰
˳ͷô죬ھܰҺʷƧİһ˼ҪһЩֵҲڱأԴͳǵȻϡ
Ǿɡ
취Ūִ¡ߡ̽⡱֣ƽĹһ϶ָտɴˡиڡǴġ
ȻѲô󷽵ģ֯ųһھǵȻǲʲôְ˼Ҷˡ
ƽֶ֚ǿƴ衰ػ֮࿴ʵ鷳ͷΰˡ
ƽ˹룬Ѿں˰ɡ
ƽ֚˼ƮɣͶ룬г仰û̧ͷٽעڻصʵʱȻֳȻǺܼҵģδΪ˾϶
ϸһԭǹڽŸ¡
ҵȲòԵʵǡ֮ܿҪҴڵжǰʿһͬ󣬵õԤʾǣȻڣȴӯɾãвڸҸ֮ࡣ
ôһ޻Ļǹģɷнµؽˡ
ԨӢҲ࣬װü˼׷ʵѵ˵ма֮ǿ£⣬Ȱڡ
ûľ㼪һ鼤ϽЩǮ򣬳⣬ͨĻһٲɣ
һߴһߺεض˶ȥĿʮԡ
״һɫٳ༥ȴֻԨӢֹľµסĻǾþ飬żЩҲһʱͿǱԼ񡣡
ôһһ͵˫ɣݵ÷ǳͶ룬һһٲȻҪѡһʱͿżйĹӵϱš
֮УԤʾġҸ֮вָ˭أ˽׷ʵ
ϸϸԨӢ˿˹˵ʵ½ҲһЩ߻˿Ļ֮пҲյ£ҵͬţԷһЩС£ܱͨ߸ɾͲҾˡ
ƽ֚ŷӦνġⰲڡ֮˵˼ҪԶԸеͷ̲ܱߵС
ȻϸТȥ쳵ݳʹǴҲֻƾ಻˵Է˱´֯һһսġ
˼·һڵˣڿ϶вյźƽ𣬽˻ᣬչϴ
ǡǳֺ
ֻҪ˵ƽ֚㣬пΪ
ҪϽڵλҡֱϵΣǱϾǴһġ
üһƺЩ򶯵ӡ
ֵĸߵͬǸʵĻȨҪغͱȷģֻǴǰһֱûʵĻᡣΪǻģ塣
ĿǰΪֹĻֱȻֻдԼʮʯǧѡںڡȵزʹҲļһЩ壬Ƿɿͺ˵ˡ
Ȼһ棬ӦҲǺ˵ĵ飬ȷʵҪžǻ
ȷʵҪע⡣˼Ƭ̺ͬжϣ˽ϵҵʿһҪúòסȻҪԩ
Ļ˼Լǡ͡
ʱ﹥֯ɡһɫٳ˰죬Ȼһ£˵ˣȻҪǣƼ쳵ţǵԽɼ棬°빦
ӪЦһмط˽֪ԽɼԽСӺ뱱½һڶţϾ˼֮¡ô벻أ
ԭ鷳һɫٳȻ򣬼̶һһˣ˵ƽ̲ʯɽԸµ˿ҪΪˣܷм˵һñ½һɼһɸΪ񲯣쳵ƺ⣬;
Ȼһת⧲
ƽ֚ʱЩջ𡪡ĻڲȨôǣѵõһ˵ˣ
ѵһɫٳҲΪ˵ѣ˼Ǻˣ
ֻԨӢͬô
Ǳ½һڸɼңɲΪ˶Թ֮ս˼ԽСӺ̣
زʮʯǹغӵ֮ôͨ⽻ֶ˵͵˵ģ
˵һˡǱԸȥ⣬½һڵļȵǣҲδػӡ
߲Ƶ飬ƽ֚ط
ӦһɫٳĻǶ֣ʩĿϵĿڵԨǵԣȰڣԡЩһȷʵҪϲ顣Ϊƽּҿʼɣڵ֮ǰ»üҳںȪʿ̤㾩벽ڷҳʹ½Ϊ˱ӣòԾܾˡ
⡭һɫٳƿԣ̿
ݣ˵Ҫսģƽ֚㣻΢ܵһѣ̾Ҫ˵ģƽ֚㣡
ĻʲôطˣΪβ
Ȼ⻰ֻ룬˵ڡ
ʵĻδεƽּҡرڲȫͳһ¡
Ѽ״һЦһЦ˵ƽּҵǲɵģκζĵ顣ȻԨԵġȰڡȷеǰҪҡѣǵУҪŪǡ
л˵Σƽ֚Ŀᶨ°⡣ʱͲñʲôм㱨Ч֪֮Ϸˣǻ㡣
һɫٳ˵ƽ֚ȥ˵ͱ½һɼ֮¡Ȼˡ


ڰ ȡ
ƽ֚Ըھ飬׳ֿĸʹԼΪе
ȻѲַȥ뻰ԣЧԤôãϻǴĿġ
Ȼķչ˸ǡǡ෴֮еţе൱ǡ
Щ޷˷ųӺԼСʺ͸¶µĹգκ¶⡣
ƽ֚ɺھλȴһЩµԭз˲ٵĸĶƻӱˡ
ԥҪҪ׽˼ɡβšƽԭ֮ƸΪȷڼǰ£ս
գڽУѻң˽ĵر˶ԾƵĵģƽ֚㲻ıϡ
΢̸һ
Ļֹۣͼ켺ֹۣΪƻ֮С㶼Ǽһ뿪˹ڳϱ㱾Ա¶󵨵ضĻֱԲ䡣
ƽ֚ԴΪȻȷˣĹͼ˼£û뵽ھȻչӡҪ˵û˿ƶǲŵġҹƱʹľԲֻһңǶ෽ͬŬġɹҲδ֪
֮Уƽ֚ȻѾ˲Ļɶ
˴ҺȻЩʲô廰յһ;˵СϢҲ֪Ƿʵ˵ǲĥǳУʦڽʿ棬һ
;ʦƽ֚ǲǳ򣨳ٱһΪˮء
ƽ̲Ҳ벻𣿡ҵЦһ䣬̶˵ɼǵãǰǳڱǰϼսϲֱҵյ֮ƣʤܣ۽顭
ҵȻǵˡƽ֚й֮ʮĴ¡
Ǿͺãܽ˵ˡҵͷ˵ǳսûãǳмˣƵϢٱΪ
˵̵ΣҲں𣿡ƽ֚㲻սöˣʶеĹؼҪء
ȻˡЦһЦȴƣѿյ֮ƣֻĳ״ΥóȻֻ
ô°ƽ֚΢΢ͷֻҡͷԣ㶨лû˵̶ֳȵڷףȻҲܳΪԣֵɷнµظҡ
ȷʵˬһЦ°ϲڵĺ룬ƶɮҲǸɮ£ܲΪһϻ͸ƪǳǵҲΪôһжε¶̫ķ硣
Ǻǡ
һЦ֮ƽ֚׷ʵԣ˵ִǡ
ġǳȻһºѸٻָ֮һٶ˱ǰŦ֮ءҽǡ̲֪֮ꡣ
굹˵ϣֻ˽Ŷѡƽ̹֚ȻͶض֮û̫ϸ
һмսܣǳ򣨳飬ǣĶԱȡ
ƽ֚㲻ΪȻղԼҲ˵ˣǳ˵Ϊìܵˡ
ǺٱҽֻǼߣȰ˵ǳ򣨳˳ǣ۷صأ
˵ƽ֚㾪һ¡
Ժν⣿
ǰҽǣǷóͨĸգȱڡǳȻ䲻ô˳ǣδɱϼҵľӡϼҲһеķˣΪ˵ǳ൱سѹ
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ǳδػͬҸпһ£˵ҽǸÿ¿յһǧٹ˰൱ʯĵزˣǳֻбʮʯ򶼿ʲôȡռ䣬ԲȱעһˣǼҵ˲֮󣬷ûʧˡ
ô˵ɲǶˡ
ƽ֚Ļ
ѵ걻֯ųѹƵú޴Ϣ֮ʱֵ൱ϸģӣνн
ĻӺùˣȴԳãרУ̱Ѷһ棬ľĸȫ֪ȥˡ
⻰û˵ڣƽ֚뻢Ҹˡ
죬˽쵼黹Ϊá
п²ۣΪϸϣѲǺе쵼
ٱǰܽᵽ֯ﵯ̵ոƽ֮ʱھȨΨƽ̲Ĺȥսϣ˱֮ͼ۳ɰܣȴֻڣսƾһ㣬ƶɮɿ壬˭Գеµصˡ

ҹƽ֚£пšЧӦѡǳľԭ֪ġ顱ȫһˣڲͬľ֮£ǵ˼·Ҳܴı仯
ȥȻһͷ
ǻҵĻǻǳһѡȵػһʱڱǰվȽŸٱһԸҪսϵ棬ҲҪصץסпܵģϴƵʱأ
ǰпܵʧȥµ֡
пܵʧȥһС
ʹ⡣
ߵķ⣬Ϊ˲ȷǰ;ȥͻֱΥ˻ԡ
ʱƽ֚յ˺ﳤ״ĹĻĻܼ
дǣ
С紨¡Ѿ˴ﱱ裬ںҰҵڽӹܴСȨҼƵĴҰֱ֮ǰձǿԭ̬ȶҡ԰¼ңҲȰ˵ᶨصë£᪵㴨ȣܵ£ļܣĹ԰ģ˼ƣ½񻯡


ھ 
ﳤײӦܵ𱸡ͷԴ̫ѷȻڶһλãȫС紨¡Ტ۵ģܹȲͷдѾǶԵְλˡ
ƽּҶĹѹԵģûжȡκεֱأֻ˼Ĺڼڽ뵱ԭеǴ໥Լƽѡ
Ȼһ㹻ȶ֯ṹ
ĿǰĹϣԼ˵ĹʿȨ
ĳҲԪףȻٷչǳʱûʲôȨ⽻ֻܱҵĸӹ
᪵üңƽ֚ǿϸ֮λʵȨʮӴ汣ÿձô֮
űǱҰҡ
ҵĵǸͯҳ˲٣Ϸܵƽ֚ɣȥ᧿Σ
ȻǵıȴǹͷëҡиɽС紨¡ƺȥǳսϼңרעĹˡ
ǰëҵġɽšԵ󡢱ȫͶŵ֧ԮҰǵԵֵġ
Ȼƽּң᪡ȵþݵ㣬·Ǻ޼ɶһˣʵȨȫõĭ֮ϡ
ֱľ㡢㴨֮ˣ汻ΪƽּҵʵʶԺǿиȡᡣ
ﳤ׵ҳϿɿɸΪ֮οС紨¡˵˭ĸɸһء
ƽ֚۷ĹֻŶǧ˾ӣȻֲһ
ƽ̲ĴաëͷвһǹС紨¡ȴǴ´ˡ
ֻǡֵ
ƶĹҲһʯȻƧȴʮǿᣬϵ۸ӡ
ղŻ˵ǳΪǰ¹ĻᣬȻ˼Һôռҽҵ򣬽һıȡǰҰɽʧΪ֮١
ɽ䲻βԽǰƽԭҲвٸĵĵ򣬱Ĺǿ֪ȥˡ
ң뵱꣬ó¶âȡ᪡·ʵȨ֮ʱŻҵ費ȥᣬǼؿ纣ݵϸɽǵȾƴɱʮ򡢵ȪڡɽǡأΪ׼ˡİҵ
óѡص·ߣԡͳһĹΪĿжֻܿһ֮𡱰ˡ
˵¼Խ
ǡóиܸɵĵܵԻͣܿܺĹϼңס⡣
ƽ֚ȥôһء
ﳤѾ뵽ļҳˣȻȱ
ĹϵĳɹɥʧҲǲܵġ
Ҳ˵⣬ֱӵӰǣЩӽ飬ѼҾ찲ڵ·ϵļҳһݣ϶൱ֲ̿
͹滮ˣĹֻԶ뾩Ľں͵ҪصġΪʲôһһƲɼõĵزأ
ϸϸ˼ƽ֚㷢֣ıʵóαлҪ޴ֳ̫˾òû˹ȥһԲԼ
˳־ڰ¾ݵ㡣
ƫëԪͳز¼С紨ڼ￤ɽǲᶯҰû˱е֧һԳһ档
Ըһ֮¡
վ͵С紨¡ߵĽģԸǳʹϣϷֱǰĻᣬҲҪĹƽּҶԿ
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ͬľһΣҲͬѡ
Ҳͬ鷳
Ĺݷ֮£಻ɴ
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ٻǡܾ֯ˣŲ£ô½ξпܺȻվΪͲֻȸ
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Ǹһ㣬ȱ֤ʯصĳΣӦϣȡ¹µأ
ƽ֚ܵܺһֱ岻ֱҹԲߡ
ڼ㰲㱨ΣȻܿ죬Ȼûյֻδ˿ʡ
ǰܥβһСҪױ״ղԣʱС˵껰˳ȥ
ڶĿ̳֮ëͨǸֱСӣ˸ûӵ⣺üǲչʲôԸҪҵȥ𣿡
ţǵĺ󱲣ƽֻ֚ܳŵЦһЦŶԷԴЦ˼䡣
һƽСгʾЩӵǰ߷·Ϳڣȥʱп˾䡰ΪۡԹȥ֪Щʲô
ҹ˾ϡƽ֚Բܾȴͨ˵
ˡʿ緶ļҳĲȻ̤룬°ʩС̸Ѿ֮£ƲǸĹйأǾһ㲻ʵʵ뷨ϣԹꡣ
𣿡ƽ֚üһչøˣô˵һǴϻ۹ˣȻ˿³ؼڡ
ǾԲ²ġŵͷ˵̸кȻ뵽ǰմӹ֪Ľ²С»û׹
øšƽ֚Ļ֪ǰǱ᣺ǲ˵˵ĸ߼ɣ
΢һ䣬ݵûӦΪĹܵȡաⷳյֱԴΪëҵС紨Ѳ֣޵бǰȴǰĹҼҡ
Ǻǡƽ֚شӣ·ʮƣ˫ĿϿգ׻ض˵ˣ˽òš
ǣǣʵһԡûߴ٣ȴƺӿܵһѹӿԵĽ࣬оëٹɣ֦ǿЧĵ֮ơĻ飬ټС紨ΡĹ̽⡯һְ˱ؿʧݡ
ƽ֚ҡͷãôͼӰЧδ̫
ŸСֻȫ֮أҲҶᾡëΪУҼұɱסڰ᪵Ӱ
ӡҲ뵽ƽ֚δÿɷ񣬡Чǿ϶ЧʵǺֲܴڣ㱾ŵĵ
ԵͷĬƬ̣ſ˵Ʋ߾ҪðЩˡʵС紨ǳлϵĻᣬĹڲҲûзġҼҡݡ̽ǰЩӣƺкڰде
д𣿡ƽ֚Щɣ֪С紨¡ˣһóֶֻΣ¹˺岻Ǳƴ𣿡
ɡŵֵ֮һԡ
ȷʵƽ֚˼Ƭ̣صͷҪһ㹻ˣȥǰʵزСһļҳ޷ʤΡ
ţΡһη°ݡ
ʵνġߡǰİɡƽ֚Ȼʶһ㡣
áʯǰɽ¶ȥˣöβж˵ְɣŵͨƣȻӧִ˼޵к󣿡
΢΢ͣ·֪Ӧԣγһ̧ͷĵ˵ûʲôֻĻĸܣǷš
ƽ֚㿪ЦЦֱͨݶžҹԵø̶̲סͷ
֮һһ˵
ˣҶȻš㡭ȴԸšΪżҲָܰ


ʮ Ĵ֣ϣ
ƽ֚㲻ԸѵкɿжΨһľݣǲִ֮⣬ڻȡϵͼνǶȻëĹŵĲ
ЩٶЧ
ԭɽúҵġӸ˾ڼԪǰֳԭΣ̶ĸ±ɥʧ˴أʱӳǵɽҲơ
ҵǣᵱʤɽʢԭø١ԪͨǸɶȫڳǰɹͻΧ˵ܵͼվ
ݴԵĵ飬Ԫġɽšӵһǧսǿʿ䣬Ӹ˾ǧոմռں֮ڡ
ǿ⣬仨ˮҲ֮еġ
̳Сһ̫ء֮꣬ӰѵҵսѾǺܳʱˣ㹻ô󲿷յĶԼ
֮ϣɽʢסëҵ뷨Ǵˡ
һ棬ʩչơͼҲûеóѡ
ëԪ϶ûүүôߣҲ̫ͣټٵΪ֮ǹڼҳǰ˵Ϻ֮¾Ը常ٷĲˡ
Ȼƽ֚ػλ˼һ£С紨¡ºͣΪƣϲӣ֮ʮӣȷʵǲֵûɡ
֮Ȼǳս㣬÷ïļԪбɵɡ
οëԪҲʮˣʱ䣬֯ӵ֮
ֻܼ֮ܶڱŵĲԴЧˡ
ƽ֚ﳤ״ǣ
߾ȫһڣҪסëҵǹһԺ̬δתϾǰĻмҳʱص·
ָһ㣬ȥɺﳤдǣһ깦
ྭӪһʱ䣬Ҳ֪жٳɹԺﳤ׵һӦİɣ
иָƽּҵľ˿ġ
ʮӣǧ˵ĳȫڰǸ⣬֮󣬺Ȫ·ر˰ǧȺٵũ
ʿǶڳʱ򶫳ս̬
ӦģĹϣƽָּӵöĲӣֻǧңд󲿷ֶǲ֪ɿ
ڡϢͨʿ͵ǷĹˡ
ڣѶ˽ָ̽˵ëҵС紨ƺѾǰˣ˵ĹĿһЩͻ֮
Ȼƽ֚㿮Ȼش˵ֹЩͻֱǽȻ෴ΪҰҵػкܴ飬ëȴִҪӻ֮ҶԴʵڲҹͬȻڼδĻ˽߲ƣʱͷȴ¡ԱԸĹòʾԹãΪ֮⣡
һ̨̬ʵ̫ΰߴȫЩ鶯ҲʮֱףȫûֳϷǵķ緶
ϸⲢҪ˼ﵽ˾С
ƽ֚ʵǺܲģ˽ѾëչԿ׼ʱòԳҲԪÿʮӴ汣˴ѡӡ֮աҲҪش󵨹ᡣ
ʱڣ֯Һ͵´ҿһ򾩶Ԯż
˵ҽս׶ΰ˴µĹ֮Ծѷ˳·нԶһ·ǧϡ
֯ǧˣ´һǧˣܱʵռŵģСģͻʧܣԵ·硣
ȥѯҵϸТûеõκĻӦ˶޷
ϸТѧңҲǸûԿ
ԴˣȻǲȻŭҪϳͿ֮ͽ
Ȼ
Ļڳȴѵ£ڿ˼Ѱɽǹ˺ϵĴ©ŸϾ˼ĻᣬԡͨΪͷ
һʱģһǧʯµСܵ߼ĳͷ
ƽ֚ںȪ뾩֮۷˼ΣĻΪֳȲҲ̬ͬȣֻǲϵǿһҪ֤ԩ֮ķϻ
ȻǱ߷ġ
˸ݹǰĻ󣬲ΪЧ¸ˣųظС˵ʵǺܽʵģƫƫһѭͳ淶
ΪһʷƾõȨĻɱؼ̳˺ܶġͳ
㼶࣬ṹӷףƶȽӵȵȡ
˵֮ͨӶܱء飬ϣｫ˷ǴµģҪسԨӢ
һֻǿ̸ѣ״һĿʵϸ鴨׳
һµģʵˡǹ㡢ľ㼪ȼˡжϽһΪϤĲʤҴЭ
ǿ֯ǳûܣƽֲܣһֹܲš
ûô¶棬Ӿֵͨúܹ죬Ļľٶ޸裬ҷԼһҳûؽ׸Ļ
ܶܺҵݴϽ񡱵顣
εӦӦøһǣֱ飬վԵݣ˵̸д̡

ƽ֚սܸ֮࣬ܵһϵ¼еıζ
עһ⡪Ȼ˴󵨣ȻĻʹϸТ
񲻵Ǵѵ
ֻ벻Ҫˣ
ǿиܹ֮ڵĿʵȫŽһģǽͷŷһǲġ
ԡ֮ԲһںӰˣӦк֣޿ˡ
־ʲôأ
ֵ˼
˽ƽ֚ܥβ硢ҳͨСгβ⿡ǳ̸ֹһ⣬̸һЩûʲôĽۡ
ҶãĿǰľƿûóֶȡԺŪĵĴ֣ô辶ſΪ
ˣ˵ȻѲ³
ƽ֚Լˣӣһ翣˼Բôߡ
ɼ䣬ת˲ʱյԪ꣨1571꣩ʮѮض˵зѾãಡ齵ıϿڲȥ
Ϣ˱֪»ɼ´ˣ޺áô֮Ĵٹ֣ҲѾճ̡
ţڱϿѶ֮󣬽죬ŵݷһ𾪵ַϭģԶӡβšŨı߾Ϲ֮
漰Ļǰһ׮ི֯Ժе͸¶൱𾪣ƫƫвз˳֤
֪ҵĴôˡ
Щƽ֚ǰ뵽ò̫׵ġвȫ


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Դƽ֚㵹̫ġ
Ϊһֱüʢ֯ڲʼնǸԵͬšܱ£öģҲһЩ˾ɲˣҡ˸
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ͷ۵ǣƾͷɢҥԣ˵ʲô֯ųǱҳͶӰ㣬üײƼƲڴܵǰֹ֮ġ
صȾɫţƽ֚˽ͨ֯ʵýƽң͵ڡص㡢ģͲˮƽˡ
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˵˭ҵ˯ˣҰ֣򰵺ɷ򣬴Ȼô£һ°ȻŸϽϸھ顣
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ҲͰˣһβϳѵ֪֯ҵĸѹͲǹųĲԼ
֪ȫ죬ȴΪֺϴƴϧЩˮɥĲһܶҪ
ֻͽȻ˶ܰˣûʲôɱ
ԣιذ׽ǰòǸҪһơ
Ҫ׷ݵ֮ǰˡ
ʱҺıɱϴԣֲԼҿλҪ̳Ĵ󽫾֮λ͢ȻҾܾ
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ڽǰúȻӪվ̨˵ǰ֮ں֣߱˫߲Ŵ֡֯ﵯɱߣзܵȺ֯ҳ򡣡
˿ھʮĹذףȻѾΣ˵ĻԼӰԶüʢȱɱȡ
Ǿ˾Դ˷ǳľ档
ѶҪ̧ˣԱ磬ˡѹձɽǹܱСĽ̶ͣˡ
ƽ֚׼׼ҵʯɽԸдѯʣΪӽǰȻ뿪ȥ쳣ȴͳΡ
ȻҲһױţص㣺
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Ȼַ˵СŮҵѼǣ̲ˣɺʱӹڣ
յظƽ֚΢ΣҲ˶Է뷨
Ըƽ׼׼ҡ
ԶͬȻŮ׼ңδֵġ׼׼ҡۡ
һڵĺǣƺڰ
ƽ֚ٴִʣдͷŵȵ֮³䶨˶ȻЯȮʯɽסڴ֮ǰλɮʩԮ֡
ʾȻˣƶɮԼͽ˰ϡ
ˡ
ĿǰΪֹΪȻ⧲æңҲƽ֚ԤķΧ֮ڡ
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վƽ֚ĽǶȿһϵоٶȻƸɾ䣬ЧҲֻǿһ˵ùȥֶѣǶ
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Ŀǰ̸ּҵŸֻͯ£߾ۼһѶԳ徰ķɼҳΪԮһӰ
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ǾƽּҴӰǵ·̡⼸ұúͣƽ̲жףġ


ʮ ƽ̲ŭ
˶òӼΨ¹ƽ֚㸽ӹţһЩ档ƽ֚֮ƽ֪֮һԾ㣬ʵֻΪ˽ֻó˳Ϊá֯ﵯ̣ķѣϣֲɵ˾֪죬ƽܲ죿为翹ɣֻδҵĵĽڣʵʱˡҾ͸һʱ
ľ߾ϸػǰĽһֶ©Ĭű˺ü飬ŽС΢̧ȣڽ̱ಽƽּҵӪʡ
Ϊ˱̽ɣһ·϶ʵʵͷĿԼżǰ˵·֮Ѳأ˿̧ͷ
ȻľվǸʿĵǹеģɳսҲ٣ӱǲȱ
Ȼһ뵽Ҫŵˣôе㷢顣
飬ҪɵġԸΪľϴԩľͱʮҳϡ
˵ƽ̲ɲǡ˫ǽѣڲ仹С̸Цɱˡۡ
ԴȪʱԹܹݣϵֶΡ
֣˶۳ĵ˲֪Ļȴ׵ġŵɷδҪ֣ƽ׽˴ģʱŸ¡
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˵Сͨ丸Ϊģ壬ѧԵöʩЧˣҳǺĲ̫
˼֮䣬ľŽ̻˰ӣȻ±ѲһȷûЯ붾ҩ֮ΣƷŵõС
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Сľ֮ǰ˵ƽ̲ɽӣ˾ҵü֪ŲһֻԶԶհһۣΡɽ纣о֮Ĵԣֲһ
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鰡ľӶһ£ڳ̬ȣ֪ϴ֮߱¡
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˼Ǹƽ֚˵á֯ųΪɽ˾֣ᱻΪ沨󵹸ꡣ
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ҲͰˣҹҵ¹ߣһʱͿɣƽ֚һ˿ʹı飬ֱɼȻŭ߳ȿҷ֮ǾˡҪɱ֮ģľ˵ʲôҲûˣ
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˭ҪǶԴᣬɢһЩźۣǾͱòǺúýһ˵ĵˡ


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ܶȻΧţƽ֚ʹߣ֮󣬾ڳŶķչ
֯´ϱֵڵסԽǰֵĲһͱ߽ϱŻǣơ
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ҲҲڶһŭϷˡ
ƽ֚ԴӰǳ𣬱㿪ʼͶԽڣɽǹɽһפʱѾǧԸĿ;
Ϊһ֯ﳤ棬ԻҵĺһҲ̵Ĺڶۼڴˡ͡ЩʮҹģĶϹͳƲʲô뷢սƵġ
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⣬ĹٴηٵǱֻǵͳδȹ̣ݲʺϺֶԡ
ˣƽ֚£ڵ򾩶˹ȥ
Զڶһʱϡ׵壬Ҫ𣬳ȡ£Χ浳
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ȡʤţҪǻھߵҾƣΪӷӵճ鱨У²Ľ״Ѳֹ̫ۡͲΪ˵ˡ
һ͹ضϵ̨֣롰ʮ±Ϲϵƽ֚ʮβ±ѧգԴΪһ֧бƵҽƶ飬Ҳҽѵ֮á
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Ʋɵϣʵɹԣȫȡٳ̡ƽ֚ǿ͸һ㣬Բϧ˺ƤΥ飬ʹ⡰Ʋ
ֻкϷɵ΢֯ңûκνأ̬Ȼƽһˡˣֱֹܵĵ´ڣûô⽻һ̨ף˽ñҪʱĻͥ׼
ƽ֚»
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⼸ڼ䣬ҷ·Ȼģڲ˹˵ǳľ֮⣬ҲҲôĻˣͨķױûôӵõӼ粻֮ҲȻˡ
ΨһΪЧټɮˣ˵ǿ촨ϲͽܣҵʦ֣ƽ֚ŹҼһȫȻΪֻǰѶľ˵Ļ˸﷽ʽٽһѡ
ֱƽ־ͦɽΪֹͨûκεľӦԣֻͽȻͨ⽻ʽ⡣
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ܴ챾һš״Ȫ·²ڣܼƾǧңΧͼӦϣĿΧͬʱзл
ƽ֚ƻУսҪȡʤҪһСͶһҪȷҰļҶ𡣷޷սˡ
ս֮ǰγʯţһЩѵɮֺ̼սɢ£Щ˿еõһЩ鱨
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иԳԭһͷ̲⵽ϴòǿΪЧƲ֮زز˽˵
챾Ѿ´˵糿ҪΧȦΣӦĵˡɽ賿컹ûҹϮȻˡ˵ûͷľǿʿΧ⼸˶˵ˣҲ֪ˡ
˶ú֣Ļɶʱ˲š
Ψƽ֚˻ر֮һϸѯ˵ļģΣĳȵһϸϢ
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ĻУνǿʿܵżǹ㣬ռ벻õľ㼪Լ͵Ĳʤҡ
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ĻĻ϶ǺȺĴڣƽӹĴңϷҲ֮С
ϸ룬⼸Ļǵһν˼ҵĿ顣οбֳɫĳԱȨһɡ
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ƽ֚ʦ֮࣬йǲص£ɼзѹʵڲ㡣
ȵķԸԪ꣨1571꣩ʮһ³δʱ̣Χ˳֮԰ǳƽ־Ʊ·ͨ
ʿڡŭ¼֮󶼾ĪܣʿǱʱ򣬸һܵǵشſںţźķǰ
дһڱ֯ﳤϣĵԼʮ5ҵľ̻Ϊţͬһʱ𲽣
¶ߣεзӴܣǸԶúذûдӽӦĻǺܲڲġ
Լʱ֮ĺɱУƽ֚ӵ£ʱҵ̨ߵͣǧﾵٲʿϵĻơ
һɨȥֻöǰŵЩʿ䣬޲ȻɭϣװӣƺҪѶԸһЩ
Ƭ֮ʯؼ۹㱨˵ſоֱڴ˴ԼǧɼҳVĴ͹ڹǧңϲǼҳҸߴĺ½ڶǧࡣ
ôõ𣿡ƽ֚е㾪ȣȫľ񰡡ĪͨһҾ𣿻˵ʲôթأ
ļƣзͻΧǾͺܿϧˡ
ǷԼӵƻأɽµǧǿΪԤʱԮġ
ƽ֚ԥ֮ʱֻȻ죬һ޴ĺڵ㣬ӵзз۵糸ХǿתѸײڶ֮ƣ


ʮ µļս
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ǰʽʹ֣ڵƲûⷽ׼뾹ݴͽˣ
ǵоӵдھߵĴڣ;Ӧ׽˧ƶǰٲλãӦøһǧľ֤Եİȫ
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ڱΪУͳϽķ⽨ʱܴ󽫵жҡȫ¾ֻŵķա
統Ͱս֯ųĶǧϮӳз֮ʵѾѯϹĽ񴨼ʿΧΣڵϦԪȡϢԭռŵĽ񴨾˲
ҵȻ᲻
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ƽ֚ѴͲУҽҵ
ƵĻᵽˣǸҳ尡
򵽰ǣһ˷һȪǣ
̶ĵоſںţɱطӵͳ塣
սֵͷ֣Ȼͱöƽ־Ϊ
һʱ䣬ƽ桢ҼΡȶûܵһʱվʿȶơ
ҲڻɣܴǷе
ϾԶղŴͲĵ裬ȷʵ˧Ա߷ӹˣ
ƽּҵĽʿǣйôͲ˵ľ飬ԻסǲûбͲľ顭
ȺԵĶ߰ʿ޵ų£ɢľĻʹ˫⡣
Լ챾ӵȻҲܣֻȷʵһ˿ǡ
Ҫǣõİ취Ȼǡ
ƽ֚ڴˣͨƿСһ֮У
ʱ꣬ƽ֚һΰγ̫սĿںţϮзнս̬
Ȼû棬Ǳŵǰ
Եҳͨ췴Ӧæǰסֲߣþȫµƽ̲ڴ˴
ԶһСгҲѸٴӱԼǹߺţֵĶǣɱѽô͵ǿƽּҵ
Ȼһ㶼͵ˣѪͷٳ˹ȥ
ʮ˽ȻǺԥظȥ
áղҡĸλ佫Ƕѵ׷׿
ֻƾţƽֱܷ֚ƽ桢ɽһᡢŵȺзĽ˳ײһ
ҳͨҪ״ԥϽʾ
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ƽ֚״ľεġ
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սյģʸߣżȻԴ󣬺ӦԤȻ½ݣŪʤҲ󱻵̵
սȻ꣬ЩĬһԶ໥̽ͣٵúʵĻᣬɳʿ㳲һǵͷײȫġ
ۿԴͲΪڻϮɱƽ֚Ȼеüңҳͨһס˳ˮۣûһеҪʿ䣬ǷŻ٣ȺǴӵǰ߼ʮ
Ϊܴ󽫣ðűʸеķգһѾ൱㹻ɳƵǹ¡̲
ͬʱϽ֪ͨδӦıӼٸϹԮ
ȻսѾЩСɽϪһʱݲ¸չˣȻٿṩ뺰ɱһսʿʿǺаġ

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Ǻڼʿͳ壬ʱԲסбŵžһڵϣȦһѳҺǲ˵أˤսϡ
һǳɣʵ飬ǡͯӡ뼼ɵϡ
ƽԷڼʿβף߾ĵǴɫȡµн׼ѫʾ
˭գۼĹ򣬻ûüסȻǰǹλδԼ
ۼֿ죬ŤһͬʱǹһɨڶԷϥǲ෽ƬеνӲֻһ˿ڡ
һҽУ֮Ʋס׹ȥ
ˣƽַԱߵһֱȡȴǱ޿ɱܣֻþԴס档
ֻһ죬ǵлͷϺʵƬ
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һ߻ӵĵñǹȫ޷Ҹ£ʹߺһϢ
ǹ˵̫ҲֶȥִټԡͯӡıЩճֲס
ս֣״ƽϽ˴ǹһ෭ת㿪㣬ȥ嵶ͼս
嵶δʣȴСǡһƺߣŰν촫
Ǹղ˶δĵнˣ
ƽ룬ز෭תεʣӲ´ʵ嵶Լǰ
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Ϊر󣬶Ϊ
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̼䣬ƽȻѹԼϵĵнһ۹ס
սѿɶŲѾǹϱӶͷķ϶䣬ǹ룬ȡнһԱ
д׳ߴģӦ챾ӵķͷأڡǩŲءɱиԱཻ·硣
һλߵĽ챼ڲֽƽһǸոձΪƴ󽫡İҼΡ
Ա߻üҽɽΣ˼ٽȣսֻ˾£
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ԳǰԵзɱһˣһˣһˣȻյأȴҲչ¶˾տˣ
ֻǱ˲ƽһϢεս
ûתӣȴǰҼΡסһɵźηΪҪƴһսģôܴ󽫵ģأ


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ӽͲ֮ͳ壬Ȼ󳷣Ĺһֻ˲ӵĹ
ǰЩڵ񣬴ǰߣ󣬱𽥳ֳӻıƽּһ֮ʦûʲôֿ֮
һʣıʧȴսģЧ
Է˼޷ǾΪ֪ĴͲͻϮһΣһɾʵټܹ֡һβĳᣬһˡҲ˵нֹˡ
ƽ֚Ҳͨͼʤߵ̬͹ϣηűڻʱĻȻҡ
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齨һ֧ģ飿ǻԵùڰԼ۱ȲߣҶԵεӦҲܵ͡
Ҫ뾡з临Ǳ͵ǰŲػض½أϾ·СȻֱǰǶսбʤġ
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ֳҪҳͨʵȨ񲻵ͬڵĺﳤף˵ɲһǺ顣
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Ļ˵ķȻͬϸֱ棬ʵͬյ
ƽ֚ɮź˼ÿɷֻЦֹԳһɸĪ⣬

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ʵҲ֪ȫûֱαһֱܻ֮鷳Ҳ˵
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Ȼ㰲æ𣬡ΪɼסѾڽɱˣи˳Ǳӡ
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Ҫ֤ȻҪ֤ƽ֚ɷнµǿ䣬ôޣûҲһҪҳаֵ֤
ޡ㰲׹صͷˣ¡Ȼᾡõģ


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Ԫ֪ܵʿĶδëͬ⣬˽ַعӪϲֱҡֻǧ˵ϲֱҲȡթƣСȼԣԹѵڣȡôݡϲҵĸʤͻְһ׷ı߾Ԫ۽룬ֻ֮²òȣС紨¡ΪסƣѾ뿪Ĺ˴ɺǰС
һ֮ϲ
ڱǰռ˱˵ǳʦسݵ̬ھ߾ȫ棬Ա޶ȵıͼҽǣȴյ֮ơǳȥȻۻأҽǵĺТӦϣͻϮھû뵽ǳȻ治ڣ⧲ֲɢһʰ
һԱ֮ϲʤëĸȽ˴йڣھҰǳʧȥҽǵϣ
ɽĲʵھʡ
ҴҸϻıϾͣһҪţ
ڰ·ϵ֪ھתӹϵΪۣƾϲֱǰһ֮ԴסʣĻҵԼȫҵ
Դƽ֚пǼȷ˼֮Сھ첻ʧΪһܣϲֱҸ֮ƣҪƼ𡣡
ǲǳֽ֮˸øɵ£ھ¶ҪӰǲˬˣ
⻰û˵ǵ׽ҳ棬ƽ֚Ҳùˡ
ͬʱӦڵøĶȴս
Ϊ˫ţΪȻˡ
ԭ´ҿľӳǶҪΧ֯ҵĴǱһͻƲ˵ġԽʮٴδ½һΪůĺֽļСȫû취ڳפҰķսԱһἱ
ڲߵòӳԶ
ʿͣʧҲ֯漴صݳԼӴϢ
´ҿǧٿףҳ͸ķѣȻǿذ󼸸ݵ㡣
Ҷһ
Խǰĳּҳ£ɽһεļǧ־ԸţΪͬԭս
ƽ֚ΪǽҲıֻܴͬǱĻŲǷذǡ
ţûȣյļš
ֱԱԸ¡֯ҡΡ
Ȼ޷ϺսʹȴòڷѩмӰࡣ


ʮ ˵
֯ʹ̫ͬţһԷ̬ȺܹͬʱҲܼС㽲˼ճĺ빧ά׳⣬̸ֱƽ֚˵õĶŮ֮Լ
ҵǧ귽ʮƽּҵѩǧʮꡣͣ㰴ʱı׼ҲȫǳĴˣ˵Ҫųɼҡ
£Ȼ֮ⲻھơ
֯ңʵֻȷƽ֚ˡ
򵥵˵Ҫȷվӡ
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ѹôʱ
Դˣƽ֚΢΢еЩ졣
δҲ׼ʳƷԼ
ϣȷõĻ·ߣۺϿ˸֮жϣǲͬҡж췽롣
Ϊʹ̫ţһ񷨿ڲʮ㣬޿ָժģƤԱһЩҲ֪ҵȨƵλˣ֯ʵ㹻ķȥ֧ƽ֣ǹ֮У¶ӡ
Ϊ﷢飬̫ţһᵽʽ⣬ŵĻرлƽּҵ֧֡
Դ֮䣬ƺ˳ҵǧλҲˮǴߣܵͬһڵĴ
֯Ψһܱķʽ
Ȼƽ֚㲢ôں
ȻǴҶϲĶǡǰŸոӭ˽̽ڼ뷿յ˺üԸףһʱᵹҲôȱǮˡ
ڵ֯ͷҲδضԣأƵıȻ丸Ǯĵطȴһˡ
𾭼÷Ĳ翵δƽ֚ϣڱķõЭ
˼һ֮Ļظǣ֮ԼءƺӲ֮˰ɣȻѾݱôҿڿů֮Ե̸¡ʱһھѰһ׳ɨӭˣ·ϿܲתЩ
̫ţһסȫ⻰ʲô˼ȲҴӦҲҾֻܾܸæ̻ȥˡ

죬ʯɽԸҲ˸͸˽·ǹݣõ·ݱǣǰݷ÷ˣ̸Ƶ⡣
Ŀǰƽּҵĵǧδʮһ˵ŮҲʹ˲꣬һ׸Сĸżԭȴһġ
ʯɽȻǰ͸ϵش˵һƵˣӸλߡѹЩ˵Ϊףܱ̬ȣѾǺܷѾˣֻܺտƽ̲˼¡ҪЩзɮǸı̬ȵĻ¾͡չʾǿ֤С
ӳϽִѾõıԸӦò֯ٹɵľ档
Ϊڲ⣬Źڲͷġ
ܼⷽɻ䣬˵ˡ
ǱԸ絽Ϊɶ˸֯ƵΪأ
Ȯ͸Ļ֮ЩĪţɼʿֱ纣ǣɷϡ
ƽ֚˵£Ҳͷԡ˼ȥʯɽòѯʣ֤ԣŽ˼·
һˣܿҪλᣬϴһ־ӹ԰ϣӰ˼Ȩѫɳˡ
νǷǳ黫ı
֮ˣڽŶڲķңݶѡ
һ˼֮ƽ֚ûص·ݱǡĿ̫ˡڰдһţĴȥˡ
Ľ취ǣ
˽ǰ͹ϽΪ򸾣ǧʽԪʽɻ顣ƽּһץʱ㹤̣ݱǸһıݣṩδĶĸסͬʱҲʯɽԸɼλɮǳפߵʹߡ
Ȯձظ
͸鱨أȻͬ⡣
źг̲֪ͨƽ֪֚
Ϊӣѡ¸أϵ׳ĸɮΪ׵ʹߣ׼ȵůͻСʯɽƶɽƼҵլۡһɽƼŮݣȪǰĿĵأƻִ֮
·ĽĿʼ죬̽ǰްʱֲĺ˰ɰ
˵ɰ֣ƽ֚һֱЩ벻ʱֱ˵˸ոȳңȡ˸Ž١׹
ȻָΪõĽаˡ
Ը˽ǿɹλɮһЩˣʵ޳ƽֽ׵ģԲϣȥ棬ڸıйӡ
ƽ֚㵱Ȼ֮⡣
ĸϺУʯɽԸڲĲʱǼһȷʵ˼Ļһæ취ĸϺСǡ

ģεĵܵؾء
ľҲǺ˼Ͻңдʢºʤұ֮õܵؾȢдҵŮΪޣְѱü޸ྮеĶк㣬һס̫׺֯
㣬γֵˡ
ǳڣҲвٹơ
ŨڣǸ˵
֡Ϯ֧֣֯ǳ̰ͼ첻ԸطεĵλȻʮҪ
ȽȽġŨܵݷƽ֚㣬εؿ˵
͡ڽϽ֮£ɼΪΣ
ֱʵʶƽ̲ҲĿ࣬һʱ֪ôش
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Ȼֱ׳ֱ㶵صɴ۾һԲȺ𸴡
ϴǶı躹ޣ϶ȴǴֱֺ޳Ǹƽ֪֚мҵֵ죬ҲôֻǾúЦ
һЦ֮ͬʱҲεͼ
ᵽ͡أ޷Ǿڽ滮̸ֵС
ڵĵȻһЩ±䶯ǳȻԸ֯Թ˲Ͼ˵ıֻʣȼˡ
ֶ֧ԷվϽΪۣȡԷԼڴ͡Ӱ⵱Ȼǲġ
ŵ˸֪ôչʾֵεӡ֪ܳΪ˵ѡ
Ļ֯ƽ֡ǳͲ񴨵ˣȻʮڼϽ֮رա֮£Ըܺù֮֡
Ŀǰﲻ⣬̺͡ؿȥȡֿɵãϸһҲ̺΢ķգ˰һѵȻá
ƽ֚еȷʵ˫Ӯ
ָоεĲ֮
˴֮͡⣬ᵽ
ҲǺطĻڲΣѽ
ô˵Ļ˻ֵ̣˴˷ֲ֮⣬һ˼ϣΣ֮ʱ˴˱һ£õռ˱ˡ


ڶʮ գϣ
֮ǰϿţͬǰιذ׽ǰãʹŸӵΪţʽϣõԽǰ֡Ʊӵϯй컻յ̬
վжҲǲ٣֯´׵壬滹ƽ֚λ֪ǽԼǳǵõ֧͢ϿɵĴ󽫾
ЩΪӦ֮һδģȫսңֱԡ롰ĳƺš
ڽǣ˽̨ڴɽıȅɽ¹ȻӻܾһڵʯɽԸȴǼӽƽּҽסԡټáܶδȷվӣɮԸ³
Խɼëͷͷ֧Ļδʵжǰ߰ѱڼӺءܵǣ뵱һ̣ȻɽɽĹļȵ档
ɼǫǰúԽͬϵ࣬ëԪͬһżʹġˣࡰϢͨʿΪ˶ʱܸĻֻǳ˫̵ܾ֮
ڽţһ˾ĿϢҴκξ鷢չʱ̣ȴȻϺⳡϷδ׿ĻͲòȻֹˡ
СС󺮣ԪĶԽԽ䡣
ǰ𣬽Ǳ½ٸǶɽȻ˽ܣҲû˹ĹֻоѡӶϣ֮Գ˱ѩء
þפڳĻҪеʿԱ䱸㹻УԱฺɣζŵ岹ЧʵĴ½òڵǲ£Ұսľɱǿµ֡
ȻǲòϢģظˡ
ڲսߴֻԶӶѹƣص˿ӡҰսҰܺڼغݵǿֿµĵ´ңõʮĴϢᡣ߾Сܴ۵֯ǻصݳϢ
ߵĳ־û̫ȡ֮жˣҲεǧƺް취ǸɴפزˡƹڣһȻǺĵĶţΨһǣҥԳųǿȥӵĲ裬ҵ˰ŪˣҲ֪Ǽ١
ǳķڣĲԣǳ׻زˣֻܰսȻҲӰھϲֱҵˣı仯Ԥ
ı仯˶⧲ͬһƽ֚ĲҲ״ˡ
Ϊõͷϣֻܰǧ챾ӱּᣬڰǵݷסھƵòֻܸңڹֵĸ;Ǹ粻Ӱ
Ŀǰļˡ
ǴӾýǶȣǴӳǵ޽ǶȽ
ڽͨ裬ȼϵļ۸ϣΪȴݳƷͷԣƶնԻǳѰ
ںȪ·Ըģɽïܲȱϲڳ̫⡣
ƽ֚Ȼ⼷ڽͨŦҪ棬ᡱţĸ
ĴһƬʱľƽṹǿڷ꣬˹õĻѺ¯ӣѹӦϡ
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ˣҪڰؼʬĹһǰ߲Ҫãֹѩֲ֮ܳ
ͬʱҲһЩǰ̫顣
ĸᡱʡֺ͹ԤҪӽǧᣬ뵱Ҫ˲١
ƽ֚㣬ֵ֮ĶʶԴ˱ʾɡεġšһһʰѶǧ˰ʮĹٶʮĵֲдװףһ
ֻ˵캮ض֮Уһµĳɱڼߡ
ļҲøƽĹǮ˿Ͻӡ
ֵܳ˿ǣʿײĴȻǲԵˡƽ֚һʱѱҪʼ䵽߸ݵ㲢ѡøˣڵֱҳ׽ˣżҾͽЩָݵ
ƽϵķǣҲ֮ԽӴĵĺʱ
Ĺϡ
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רŸﳤʱ֮ȨĹС¹ݡݡԽݡֵȫӦԽ
ЩֵӦûһЩȼ붬¡һжԣϣС紨¡ݺصŬɹӦǹġ
ĳĴ޹ʾãܵõӦᱻΪǱġײʩӶ壬޽ԼĻȴвЧι֮
һ촺ֺؽڣͶ㹻ľԴĹļ࣬ɻߡ
Ҳᡣ
겻СʱڣҲûѷɣеǣվֻһʱжȥӡ
Ȼһɣ͵γ˴ɱ¾ʱˡ
սҲںѣɣȻûͬžۡ
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Լľصࡣ
ĻڲİѰȴ޷֪̽ǡɾıȅɽ³սҾƣһʯʱ
һдõĻȸƽ˾֮£ʦ򣬽ǿ֮ĩˣ˳
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Լȴڼǹ֮¡
һʱƽ֚Լеȣɥ
ŮԵʣΪԭأ
Ǹϸ˼ּⰡ


ڶʮһ գУ
ǰСģûˤɣ
лл㻬ˣҿԮַ
ӦõģȻڴ˵ôǱǼˣȻҪ໥
˵̫ǸȮɽ˵ģ֪γƺأ
ôɽϷءë֮ͨޣ֮Ů
ëˡȮǸոռƽּҲõĺȪˣƽջҪзëβԪѫָ̰
ңңʵ˵ɽ˼ܣ侲Ӧѧϰİ
̫̿ˣȮӿµޡ
Ҽҷ˵أǵú˵ɽϷҪȥδﲻ𣿡
ġĸգЩҳе˱õĲлġղЩˤ·ȽŶ˰ɡ
ãҲݷô˵أͬаɣ
ǿɾ̫鷳ˡ֮ȫɱ˵ĸ
ɱôʵڳ棬Ҳܲסء
ȷʵˡʮ꣬ǰûôĴѩ
Ҷడϣʿũǲ¡ϺҲȫûкôأµҴǱѩס޷ڵ
ҡָŵļþû˵ʱˡҪǿ˲õĴ¡
֪ʱҲһС˵ضʿĿֲ˵֯ﵯܹ֮Ž֮ˣضߵģΨƽ̲˰ɣӦȫȫ֧ɷ򽨹ҵģǴڼֻᵣİΣ޷ìܵ顭
ͬܡʵɽǰһֱڽΪֺ̼ıȮһųΪʿȻ˵ǹҫ棬Ҳ˲֪ٴεķ粨
ңǵƽּ¡̲˫ǽ߳˲ģָ֮£ÿսԻʤܾ𡣡
ǡ˵ߵңԽɼڴеսʱһξʿ䣬ܴ󽫵ĵܵڡ治֪쳵ĸζյġ
˵ļ֮ͬɡ
˵ԽɼôӦûվǣϵľٶɣ
ϧûأ˵Ƕߴ˽µĬ
Ӱҵ飬ȻʮָӣǸ˼ġ
˭˵ءʵֵǱǳңȻŷӣҲҪϣϻС
ӵĵ´β֯׵ĵطܲڱսɡ
ϧҴúܲ˳ѽ˵ϺѩĻǿѾѾˡ
ѵ߾ûֵѾ𣿡
ҲǡϽλдˣǰǸʮȡµҶɽǵġŨʮֲƽ̲ˣֹѷɫʯɽԸ£ԼҲǷǳɿ֧Ԯɣ
˵ҲšԸµ˲Ҫ̲˽𣿳½ľӹǴʯɽٷ˰ɣ
ûأӦ˵δٷˣȨԾɽƼҵŮǰЩӸյĵһ죬ҲȥæӭӣԶԶһۣȷʵľ߷ǵС㿰ƥ䡣ʱλ˲õĸɮԣǶ׽ӽأ
ޣ֪Ǻʱлȥδٷأ
Ҫȵʽɻ֮ɣѾ϶бˡ
š֮ܶȻֻƽּΪҲ˱ʲôֻԸ̲˲¡ȮҲܸմһٹ⡭
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·ݱǵ֮£һһλˣ֪Ļ㣬һе̸·˶һԳ̸Ц
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һλɭϵʿԼδԪӡ
ױؾ۵ĻװΣҲûʲôֵǮʲݱǵĶ֮ôеɢԻʮȻţȻǺ֮ˡ
ֱǽĸԶʧƽ֚ʼЦü΢壬ϳֳ֪ϲŭı飬׽͸
ǧ裬ҲװžԽԽˣҡͷ̾˵ȥҪĸ£ԸҾǽвǡ
ƽ֚̿˲ˣܵסˣȴҲܲסİ۷׷ףοղŵĸǣ̬ȻǺҳϼᶨģûʲôɵĵط˽½һ飬
˵ǡǧʶ΢΢ӣֵϾǼǳڵϣӦëҵĸעⳡϡ
ô˵Ҳȥ˵һɡƽ֚˵ͷִصЦ⺢ӣѵΪ˵δޣ÷ŭκ𣿡
ҲǡûСǧæ˰̧֣ͷĿϣԴԼż⡣
ƽ֚㻹Ź˵ŸմӰǻص·ûһδĶϱءȷʵ績˵𣿡
ǧӲӵͷǵͨ죬֧֧˵βʵһֱѧܹŰݷùΣδر
ƽ֚ɫ䣺Сӣأ˼Ҵʯɽ纣ûаڴˣѵüįϾ´ˣһĶȹһԹպͻӰҼ뱾Ը֮Ĺϵأѧҵùˣÿ춼ҪȥǱߣר취ñԸСΨһ񣡡

ǧԶԡ
꽥ףϵһغ˵˵˵ûʵ뷨ڱôָ࣬Цء
ȻӰѹϵôñӿ˵֮⣬ҲбĴ𸴡
ʵϵ֮ǰҲţ⺢ȥδġ
Ѿݷùֹˡ
̶ʮڣһԡӡ롰֮䣬ѽ˿ϲ
һڴɽʯɽԸ˵ĵճŮʯҵĹƥУ϶е㽿ָʹëᡣ
ƽּҵǧСүǸ죬ͨϵ᪸꣬Ǽľӣ¹浽һ飬÷ڡ
֯ǿǼ˸׵Ըĸ׵òȻȫûм̳κСħŮͷϷº׽
֮£Ը¼ҵĹŮʵ浥ˣûи㲻ùϵĵ
Ȼǧ϶˼׽
ƽ֚Ҫ֪ˣֵõģº̫پ˳˲Ÿ£Ӱ彡ˡ


ڶʮ գ£
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ⲻĳ鲻æͿˣǹĵ
Ը粻ˬԼһǰѹŮ˹ƽּҴͷ⽻ռԵڲʿҲǡ
ΪһΪˣƽ֚㵱Ȼɱȡѵ£ǴͶұʵĻӦղ潻
ҲΪ˱˴˫Ӯ
ʯɽĸ߲棬뱾Ը粻̫Ըѫϣ϶ҲǶƽּҲôѺõģŴ˵ȻǺ¡
ȡһϵ֧֣ѾջСһͽڷӿұ£ڵзɿһ񣬲Žа׮µ÷ӵˡ
ΪҪչʾһĳ
ƳٽӼʱ䣬չʾĵĵһ
ɣС޵Ը¸ɮ鲻Ը·Ӷ˵ú㣬δƽ֚ðϺѩӰǿ纣լ֮󣬾͵֪һһҲʣֻɳȴʡܥβ磬п;ӵĻҵд
ȻϼһǶƵһ˲̫һ
Ҳǣˣôλȹ̵ıԸŸأ
ֻһĹϵ֮ǣ̫Ѿ޷ˡ
ƽ֚ԣȻǶҸ
Ҫϸһأ޲ɡԶݵأƱɵɢʱǧ׼Ը㹻ʱ£Ȩ
˼֮󣬸ɮǲڷӦб䣬Ͻ
ͷһŽաĺУҲʮֻǣһĮӵ̬ȣ˵ûϵҪǮƨһһԴԴϣĩټһ䣺̲ձﶼڽѩ֮УɬƫƫΪά棬ҵȴңռ˸ߵԤ㡭ʵ֡ǰ·Ӧ磬˼εз޳ʵ֮ˡȻˣܷʩԮ֣Щư֮ԹӦأ
⻰ȫǱԸĽֳġ
һĻͦˮƽ
ƽֳ֚ĵ̬ȣܾǮǽú٣ôƻ˫ϵĹͺҹˡ
ʵʵӦϺжƣȥơƽּҲˣＴѹʵʵϽ֮ġ
˼ҵզеġ
Ȼһ֮ԱǡʯɽĺлǵĲƲֱ̼ȶռ·磡ҲٲֿͽΪЩǵõɮˡ
ƽ֚Դ˸еЩ⣬ڶԷļǣһҲš
ҲҪ𣿷ɣĻ棬вͼױĳɷ֣Ϊ档ֻǱʱݣֱӸֽôӹװˡ
Ϊ˿ҫԼҲҲͬʱǸ׼Ҹӣƽ֚ѾһǧԤ׼
ǮСǮˡ衱ģۡ
һֻũҵ˰ĴһͿܶѭҲֱƼ˷ƤҪõˡƽܴ֚ҵģʽˣȴծ಻ġ
üǮƣȡȯӡ˰ĻᡱϵȨں˵׬ġвٸ̣Ϊã߸ܣǮҲҲ·͵ȥġ
ƽ֚ԥشӦУ޳ʵ̸ϣʹһգǧӦûõóġ
ǡաһ㶣̶ϲʤǱҪл̲ˡ
ڣƴǡȻҪѵˣҵȻһҪһСƽ֚ûйϣͷߵƶ΢Цһ£ŪúڱƵġ
̲˵ģѽˡպк˵һðĿ׻Ȼ̲ס¶ûʧ֮⣺ƶɮôߴ٣Ǳ֮˵ͽʵڲ١
ʦһԡƽ֚ϣǮﲻõģȻȥɡһ׮±ͷλɮ¡
뽲ܼģһȫԸպжʱʶȻѣֻء
ƽ֚صһЦصµȥæˣģǰǰĹһЩطϵķҲ漰һڡʱ価ƣذմһЩ֮֡ǰЩӣһر˵Ĺϵľຮʮּ࣬
ӷաΪְҵպвòӦˣֻ޲֮ϧʵ
ܹأƽ֚æΪԷԹҲϾȻֻܿǡ˵ĹϣЩնĽɣģͼʮֿɡ
д°պнŽɡ
֤ȷ䡣ƽ֚ȻʮǿƲɣˣΪбҪ´ʱЩ飬ĹϵģұҪɸɮ³У㹻˵ʵѾ֪ͨڵĸˣǻɳλɮʮ٣ͽǰȥҿһڼȻҲأͲҪǿˣֻмλʿɡ
ֻ֮ǡպгƬ̣ҵɣ¹ش󣬿Ҫ֮аƶɮ̻ȥʾ
ƽ֚¶֮ɫѽ·ôߣʱȥһʯɽأ
ġԻӿŲպеĲԽԽǿƴҡͷܾ
˴ȱΪ֪ģһܾ£ºԲ˰ɣƽ֚㻻˸Ȱ˵ʽ
ǡպȻ֣ʮɭϣν޹زɷԲʵǲ˽ԴӦ
״ƽ֚ʧҡҡͷҲֲʵ²ûǰ֪ͨȻһҪʾˣ·ɣ
л£лǿһЦȴɻԷΪô˵ǲʲôС
Ȼֻƽ֚飬һӣңָ⣺ոյõϢ˵Ǹĺϣƺһ֧αװҼʿĲʿűѩҲۼĴٹ·ˡֶʮײУӶҴӲڡϧʵ޷ѲЩ˰ʦ겻Ļ֮һҪЩ޷֮ͽǧУΪѩޣ
⡭պǸˣȻ׻˼
֪׼ʱ۷ʯɽʾأŵýյĻܸϵϳϯĹϵ´ƽ֚㵥ֱӵĿ˹ˣǷҪҼһЩǿȫأ
ʵպͷ󺹣ԥ°죬һ޿ĸղϸһ±ԸµɣǰҲһǵûʯɽʾˣºˡĺλʦܣͰ̲˵İţǰĹɡ


ڶʮ һļҳ
캮ض֮£ʱƺҲòôˣ֪Уת˲ͽԪꡣ
ԪꡱţѼ̳Ĵ󽫾֮λΪ˼ǿϷԣƤų͢ԪŪġ
Ԫ꣬Ҳ˵ھĶִѾͷˡ
ĩڵĽ˵Ǹô״ɵĳɾ͡
Ȼֻ֪ԭʷ顱ĴԽ߻ᶨΪھĩڣʱܰٷ֮ųҸ˵Ŀԡ
ɮԺ󣬾Ͷ㲢̫ϴͳŵڵҪּ˾ţԵ֮±Ϳ־ӵһӡ۸֡ԶԶˡ
Ȼ˫ŴαüҸϳɴǱ棬޸֮ȴ˱óǿƵ֯ų
治֪˵ǿǿǸ˵վıʹ
Χž˵˷˾Ķǵתۡѱ֮⣬֯ųǳƽ֚㡢ʤҡһ棬ΣԼĵ㡢ɭɳɡҳΪʷĲߺͼ֤ˡ
Ĵ䣬ʵ޷׽
һˣʶѰѾԻµĳ嶯
͹˷ݡ
ǡǡ෴Ԫ´ǰճŵĹûС
ʮ¶ʮգϦǰ죬ƽ֚ۿͷѾƽͨиƣͳơᡱ
ȻͳĽʾĿǰΪֹаǧİ˽ѰнӽһǧѾʬҲԴˡʣµǧİ棬ģ޷ģҪưá
ڿɽܵķΧ֮ڣԸߣƽ̲֚ס˰ӵı֮⡣
ԤȼƻЩ˽Ϊƽּҵֱ͵ȥģľϸ֮Ŀ϶
ųΪǨƺͷ乤;УּԱ˲Ҫ磬͵׷ӶԱϣԼҪ໨ǧᡣ
ǣƽ֚ھһҵ˼붷֮󣬷Ԥ顣
ΪոڱԸϻһǮͷʼЩ׾ݣ׽֮ʱʡֻþʡˡ
ԸʳͷĻǮҲʵȵӲƽ֚Υһ֮θеĲ
ҵڶγʱ൱Լﵽʮҡ
Ƶзĳ佫˿ûκģһ漰޹ײգܻ˲̫Ȼһ㲻ֻмأҲˡС͡ޡҪ
һ֮ƽ֚λһڸɮͬʱ̣ڵָͬڵĶغϣ纣Ĺٰ֮¡
˵ּʵҶ֪ΪΪ
ΪҪǮá
ڡѡ¼Уһںڽƽּҵġ˽ڰȡ˴ţǵҪء
ϲҲԼӹ˼
ʯɽķաϺУʱҲԭί֪ҪԸˣĽһ·ϺɫѯĹϵķ׼
һڲŻ޷ˡ߲ϰڻҫǰ»¼һʯɽֽϻ
۸ˣܻؼ֯ͷԼϴκΣ
˳ˮۣ¯
վȽŲԼʱҪ໰ȨȥḶ́ĻϹⲻȥܵøԴһµİɡ
µĹص㣬нͼβ١պʮͽټðһڣʵۣʯɽϻ
Ը֤¾ӦЧµİ
½ܵǼӺصľѵҪȡġ볯֡ɼȹģĴսͷ­Ѫôȴȫʯɽȥ˸ռˣ̫ǡ
Ϻвмǣ̶̼ͨһ⡪ƽּҾ뱾Ը½ãҲδ⿴һһ鰡
ƽ֚㱾˵ƨûҪȥˣµļҳǣôء
뵽պбҲûôѰˡ

ʱƽ֚ܲ³Ϻе뷨
ò£Ѿڲ鱨֪еĳʦĳҹİݷ˵Сг
˵֮ܳݹϵȻԶ˵㡣
ֵĽôһΣ֪ûֵжٴΡ
޷⣬ֻ費ܶ¡Ҫ۲ЧſֻۣΪһΰݷþĪеĶˡ
ƽ֚΢ЩҲûᣬĹ֮󣬼򵥵ɮ˸棬͸ˡ
һЩĹɽ£ͼɡʵ£Ϊ֮ͷ۵ɮǣҪʿȥĵҪ
ݱ֮ƽ֚ÿʮӴ汣λͷ̸Ц飬ŽӼҲϵʹʾӣֱ㴨֮ľ˽һ¹⡣
Ⱥ˳򣬲ʾ𱰣֮
Խȼģ̸ʱ䷴Խ̡
ƽ֚衰ĹһӦ¡֮ȨĺﳤײŸϹͽӵȥ̸˰ղݡ
֮ǰЩѾ̸˰죬Цжʮ㾯裬κλﲻšֱʱŹҷķˡ
ݺﳤĹϲǲΰ롣
ǵĲڣС紨¡ٵǼ£нֹҰҵжߣ⵽ֳͽ䣬ͨƽֵĴҰֱ֮Ǳǽˡ
Ȼв԰¹㡢᪱߾ĽԪլˣѾƲ̬ˣּŽëߡ
С紨¡裬ʩЩµʱ򣬺ܺõάϵĹƽܵ㵽Ϊֹأ˲δ˿ڱֵļҳڣûάȨ
ĹֵһأȻëɽ
Ȼ޾ԣν⸣УԷֱʣȴҲһ벻ĺô
ϲĲڣС紨¡ľֹƺʵˡҰëܡ˵áʮҲ˸е־塣
ӲĹٲԹֶθ棩ƽ֚ԵúͰ׶ˣǼҶԺﳤ׵̬ȺȻø
֮ĴҰֱ֮ǸҰĲڲųڣֺ޽ڲٵˣڵԼܵĲҲƭ˲ˡ
ëԽԵԽ֧ƽּĹ
Ȼƽ֚㲻ӹһɢȻԿëңС紨¡ɽŶδضԸˡ
֮ᵽ˴Ѽҵˮ춯óβʧı֮Ǳв
ƽ֚Ժﳤ׵Ĺ൱϶˼ҳŵ˵ܽ߻ϾҪĻĵӵĹάȣõġ
ﳤ׷һھܾΪһ´أҼıǰߡµǴڿĶĹ֧Ԯ
ǿǺܲˡжٱƽ֚ǰһ֪ǰҳףȻ˿ھͿ϶аյġ
ĿǰԤǧٵǧﳤһأǰϰ֮ҼȫȨṩ
⵱Ȼû⡣
ƽ֚Ϊ˸еΪܡ
ļսǧƾһʲôʵãϼӷǺġ
ֵø˵ǣҪάȣܷ֧࣬˵ﳤĹĹгЧ
һֵΣֿɶһļҳ


ڶʮ 棨ϣ
ˣղźһţӴ򻬣ʧص˺У˱㣬ȫˮȥˣ
ʲôӵ˭ԱţôǷԸţһԶӰʮ֮⣬ϸǣţ𣡡
Сҵ¶ɡѾϣΪ͵͵ϳȥ˯ˡ˵ûʲô£ţȳһ޷ˡ
丸ֵϣͲиˣ⳥Ȼǰȥһ̽·ţ͵ɱʿǽԵţɡ
ףҲֻôˡ
ӿһų̣֮ǰӦÿԵﾩϽһһЩʶɮԺͶޣ̼ܶˡϢȥһʿ
ǣȥ죡

ݺ֮УϼҳǰҰС͵ıӰͿ׷϶¶İ׷Ͳסĵƣ̾˿
ͷһس泤׵ĸףлûʧ̬Ϊ档
ȻҪӵöࡣ
ֻɫĻ·Ը£Ǳ˱ǰȥġ
⵱Ȼʵҵŵڣ̲ٸػĳŮкβأ˵ƽ֚㱾ǻ֪׵ͬѣŮҲԼ̶ġ
ǳ顣
´Ѯ¶ȻʵԶԶûдﵽѩڵĳ̶ȣֻǲڴģ˶ѡǲʺϴжġ
Ȼ֯Ұſ˿ڣһڵաǼλ¸ʹذУΪһ״ҳܲ·أ
·ɳӴĶ飬ģƺƵ··;֮κ˲֪ġ
˵ǱΡ
һƵֻһԮ̬ǳıģڶĿܵǵӰҲеʮΡ
ܵ´زסŻܱơϽ̫ȶβȻӽ˵ľӡȴǰǧŨˡ
Լ쳡ŨӡҰصǮ˿㣬㣬Ҳ˵ĳ̶ˡ
ԷҪԽɼάȫռȷĿǽȥҲܳ
ʵǾ֮֡
ο´еٻиǧˣڵзλء
ǹǼžҰսͷβšһĳΪݵ㣬ûİɣ
Ϊʲôôη绢δսأ
Ϊʲôָأ
Ǽϣڵ´ܶ㹻ģ֮۰Ͱ͵صƽ
Ҳ´ƽּıһϵβ֯ҡͲܿԼ
Ȩʱ򣬺˱
뷨
˽ʱ˵ڣҲûʲôԡ
ǿսʶϼҳǰҰС˵һ仰ͷɻ䣺һҴǵѾǡˣڶų˵һЩкܶ˻᲻˵ģоͰղ˵ġ
ȻŻȻ򣬹۲֮󣬷˵úе
ĵҲ᲻ø֯ңһֻǱԹҷһڴ˻ͷ
Լǲʲôã費ҪһΣûпԸĽŬĵطȴûô
еˣܺһЩ

ȻΪ¹ʵСʱߴ֮£һǧʿɵĴ󲿶ӼӽǰﾩϽ
ƾļ䣬ԼҵټԺйסޡ
ŽסڴӦʾס£Ҳڸõȥס̲ǰѾЩѾźˡ
̲ˣ
Ȼʧɫ
ʦ죺ǰƽּҵ˸֪£˲ٽʩ񳿸̲Լ٣˵ھڴµĳ̸Цءѵ֪𣿡
ǿЦһ£Ͻ
ʦԷɫϾҲ󣬼̳ȥѯʡ

ʱֻʣӨѩ⣬ʮǴ¶
Ϣ¹ڣӭɮԺſڵȺ򣬽ŵƼϤģûǰϸڵأڳơμƽ̲ˡ
ݲ࣬ˡ
һһѩ֨֨ѽѽĽŲƽʵɤڶ𣺡Ͳ˰ɣʶ꣬α˶أοô䣬ǿȥɣ
𱰣ȻúãԼߣֻһҪƴǣδأ㱻ƽ֚Ժͷķߡ
ȻλСֻܱȽ˼ҵİš
΢һġƽ֚磬ԻǺܹģһж˵ˡ
ԺܴǿӵҲſٿˡ˲û߶೤ʱ䣬̤˿Ŀͷܶ
ǵˣƽ֚ȫûԼˣһűЬĺףʵռΧ¯õλãһ߿һ߷ԸźСɳ˵óŪЩ׼Щˣʲҵļλʦ÷𷨣˲أ
СɳҲǸģܳȷȥ
Ŀɿڴ
ӡѣǸУˣزŵκӣ·ǻ˸Ƶġ
״ƽ֚ЦЦʵհɣ
Ȼʶ
ȴˡƽ֚ҡҡͷνǽʳˣԽԽܲúͶ٣Цˡ
Ƕ˰ֲõ˵˰ӺĹżһΥĵƨʽνģС
ƽ֚㸧ƴЦ󴫡ľӣ֯Ҳû˵ɣһ߿һüͷǿǾ͸ˣ
ǺǡǺǡЦԾֲ˲ͷϵĺ顣
˵ڿʼԾ
˫ƺҵβָ㽭ɽ̸۵ĸо
˵Ҳ˵󴫡ľӶѣ̲ȴһ֪ڡ󴫡ղűǿ佱ңʵԿɣ
ôô˵أ֪ϣǰβĹˣŴе޷ǹϾѧ˿еνʿҲѧʶȻֵþ̾ƽһٶǰǹ˹ҵĽԷӱְ֮Ӷ࣬һ㺺ĵ伮Ƿ֮¡
̲ˡ˵úеҾȻԶԡ
ûû仰Ӧֳϣ²֮Ѿѧˣ
Ц֮£ڰյģ
ǰλȨصĹʽѣֻЩˣԸδı䡣
֮£Ӧÿ˳ȡöԷӦʰɣ
˻ȥҲиˡ


ڶʮ 棨£
һĺѷܹվжµ̫ҹζ̲࣬סҪϿˡ
ץסƽ֚ͷĹ״һۣ̾һпġ»ÿ궬գһʤһθ䣬ǻѩ֣ϯйǧľս֮˹
ǰϣҵƴ飬ֻ׺һڶѡƽ֚ڽӵЩλȨأǿ׳Ϊ˲ˡǱȱԿǳ黳
ˬһЦҪ˵ǰͬҽı仯ص𵴣Щҵ֮ɫ飬ǶɽӴȴⲻġ˥΢ϲʱ档
ǰȷ˵βŰɣ
ǵġǹҰǡֻǹŶɳţҲǶ֣Ȼγ̶ˡʱ˵ġʱ̲ɲ⣬ȴɾΪҿǵ˽ա
𡭡˵Ҳþûعβϼˡ֪ɻ񣿡
βũ飬·ïֻҪδսңƽǰȺûʲôġڰѻ棬鲻䣬ȴʼ΢΢ɤҲ΢Щֻ޼ﱳ壬ٱ֪֪ȵܵݱ񣬿»в޷߹ˡ
ˣȻҰġƽ֚ԥ˶ԣ֯Լת۱˺Эʵںԡ񴨡ľ£һ㵹ҲҳԾǡ
սˣԽԽˡԶȴʼеǹɲԼѰˣҽΪŮ׼ҵģԷȻŵҵҷ֮λȴܾˡ
飬βͼţν˾֪ġ
һΪѵʱųŮ޸ʤλŮʿţ֯ӭȢҵɼΪ䡣
ʱŮףûʽ͹ȥޣһӦڶˡɼĳνɡ¹ˡҲԼҹΪѷʱľӼ쳵Ů족
˴ƽ֚Ҹ֪⣬һ䡰޳ܡźǺһЦȻӣ᲻صؽв豭ǰСϣ˵ԭǰΪңҪѧһնµĻԼ
š°Ͻ˦󷨡Ӻ˵ʶ꣬ѵỳҴҲûа㵣ĵģֻмλ곤һڣС֮ĶȾ֮ˡ
Ȼ˵Ĵʵ飬һԾֱʵܱԼжεΪɵɫе㷢졣Ϊ˼ϵҲòӲͷƤ˵ȥ
ƽܹ֚ЦһЦֵܿͷȥϲ֪ϲŭЩꡭ㻹Ƕٱһ㣬ٻĳ滰ǿԺϰ˵ˡ
ΣͷĬȻ״
ʵұΪŮ޽˻ԼȷǲݸĵʵھôңҪԷϽ֣ȫϺġ
ƽ֚㣬Ӳ죬ǹҶСƲǰѡɣۺϴǲ
ǣˣڴڲϵ棬νǸ̹̹ľӣһ̳˲ʤϲ׺ӵɫ
Ǿӿ֮Է
ҪϷ桱ܾ죬·һǻѵĳ⣬Ҷµꡣ
ολȷʵҪ
ҵǣƽ֚ƺֻ΢²һ¶ѣΪ˼˻ͷ濪
ҵҲ޷⡭Ͼǿл񣬶һͶһʤ㣬֯һڵЩǻеż֮ˡֻǡ
˵ƽ֚ɫһȻ
ѾŭҵľҪͬˣ½˾֪ѵһź͵˳֮ģѵԲĻʵ̫ĺˡ
ʱԽ˼ˣֹʵ
״ƽ֚ζɺҡҡͷղ˵ˣȻڲһ˵һʱ˽ˣ
̾Ϊ滰Ǻ
ƽ֚֮ԱǣʶôˣҲǵһζֱˡ
ðɣȻˣҾֱԲˣҧҧ¶ģȻ̧ͷҵȻĵ⣬ǣĵҲһζŶ֯Ѻá
أƽ֚ʱüͷĿ⿪ʼ
ȴޱ飬Σɷн¡
Ĭãƽ֚ɫ˼£ûзŭһЦڲı仯վǱʵǶľԴͨµֱ֮
˵ûͷ󷽵س۴ϣ΢΢ǰһһƽóԹɫĦˣһǳϵľӡ
һƽ֚Ȼ㵡
Ƭ֮󷽲ŷӦһЦιȥ˫Ŀ΢˵⣺ҵǧСӣҲΡǿǿʸŮ
ɡһʱ֪δǣǾȮӣлҡ
׵ģ뺢Ǿ࣬ʵ᲻ҼѩǧԶޡȻΪ֮ŮӦΡȻʱҪͰǰɡ
ƽ֚˫΢΢ʧ༫ɪкȴǺȷ
ͷʯأϽ˵ã֯£
ȴ뻰δ˵ͱϡ
ȱŸˡƽ֚˻֣м飬Ҫͷ㡣
һ㶣ظ֪ǺҪ£ƴҲС
ƴƽ̧֚ͷɨһۣƿĿ⣬˵Ҳ֪ˣǰ˵Χ¡
ȷжš˵޷죬๼˵ƽּҾƽ˾֮Χ˱ȅɽµıӻѰˡ
ǰƽ֚ǵʹĿ⣬ͷ¸ϵش󣬲׹ҾϢģ˵ȅɽһȱӻص顣
أĽ
ǵôɱ֯ﵯԪһǼ׺صɼסһǡ
ص˳Ȼ۾Ŀȫŭ⣬һɻҲ֣ɼסѾȴ֪٣֯ҵܴ裡ѵ˵
û˵֮󣬷˳пܾͲڱȅɽ棬ǣ˵Ǻ鷳ġƽ֚¶ɬ
ˣΪ̲ٸػóȻɽŹɲܴ벻ĺɫƶΪԼǰݻûô߹󣬾Ϊһ㣬ҲֻǡʿĸΪˣ׼ˣұѰɱϱȅɽȥƽ־Ե֮Ӧɣ
ֻҪί㣬Ϊ֮Сƽ̧֚ף۵׺Ȼһ㸴
ȻΪοֻһºиǣȻ浽һȮӾͰˡڸղ˵Ǽ顭
˽֮һѩǧȥ᪸ǵġƽ֚㸴ֵͷȥ
мɫصͷ
⻰˵ǡƽ֚ȴǻҡҡͷ


ڶʮ 
ѩΪѸͣߵȴǳٻ
һѮڸؾͿʼѩˣֱµײڴ룬ǿһЩ¸ˬĴϡ
ʱ֯سƽּ׾ݣھݷĻ͢硢ݡѧߵȸҪԱ飬׳˳һβʿĴڸС
µزλȨص̲˰ǻ˵Ȼô˵滰Ҳջ񵽲ٵĺøˡ
ϧܶ಻̫˽ϸڵԹȺǣĩ˶һ䣺֪֯ﵯˣ˼ж֮󣬾ûô˷ˣǻϣصǰӸá
ȻԶԵġ
֯ų̣ΪҵĻӴ˱ѳˡʮּᶨơˡǷʱֵķգʺϼ͡ôأ
ѵܴȥ
˵ɻֻίƣսҹɱۣǿӳɫıݼɣӦЩܵ˲ڣ֯ĻȻһͬġ֮ԼҲŵķϻܲɻȥްա
Ϸƽ֚ЭҪ¶ӡ
ȤǣѱˣԨӢ˵Ļδϯĳϣǿ˵Ļ֯ҵϵӶı䡱Ļ
ϧ֮Ҳûϡ
ƽ֚㵹ܴףҲѡ
ʯɽԸµ¼ƺȥһˣ;֪£Ű裬΢˼䡣
¼ǺǿӲҲģδȱˣȴʼպܻչʾ֯ҵĽ䱸ԶЦ֮⣬һҪǿ׼ҵѹ㡱˼
״ùǺЩѹֲס
ƽ֚ȴо˾ٿǱԸԸ˵̺Ҫ֯ҴʲôϢҲδ֪
Ȼ
⽻ʹǸȫ޼ְ治ʲô˶˵ġҪȻΪʲôƽ֚㵱֯˵²ܾɡΡء
ϧ

ԪĶ¿֮󣬾λƵʺȻԽˣΪҸҪѩˮڣصʱ䣬Ͻʼ
ũʱԣʵеˣƽ꾰棬ܶһѮͿʼصģÿĻ¶ѾչԳȥ̻ǸЩˡ
ȴǲͬݹ󣬴ֽ²Żˮܻųĳ̶ȣʱܽӲµȥ
˵ǡѩ׷ꡱѩ̫ˣҲǺܿµġ
ʱ䣬ڸصĴСȻûģжġ
ɽ½ضһ㣬ڻҪһЩܵҲɻ
ڵ˰𡭡ǱֵˣֻܿͺͺӹȴպϡǱˮ٣ΪģϰҲ
ʱƽ֚ȴԶԱǧѲ챾ԺȺ̬ط
Լܴӹ˺棬ǧ˵ġڡΪ˰۵ĴۣĹ涨ڡũæʱҲӦҪ󡣣ȻҪһĲ
ڶǵġƽ֚㲢δʽȨֻǷԸҪʱǰ׼
δݷþٴδַ泼֮⣬עĿ֮ǴԼҳŮʮѩǧС㡣
λСΪιߣǰ͵᪸ȥʾƽּҵ̬ȡ
˵ǡߡЩͬʱũŮζҪ

벻ǣƽ֚ЯŮǧƺƵٴԭ֮ʱûרŵ
µĴĪʧˡ
˵ʤԺģȫӰ
Ժ︺͵Сǣ˵Ҽɭϣнֹһҹ֮䣬ֱסصһǧϢȫ뿪ֻǿ賿ʱЩȴȫȻ֪ȥδˡ
ƽֻ֚ȫֹԭأµ鱨ԱĴѰίʤԺס֣硢棬̨˻ѯʡ
˺ǻһЩŵ֪֪ιʾȻȅɽµķȥˣһ˵ʲôͻ
ԾԾ塣
ƽֲ֚⣬漴˵ڲˣɽ࣬νеĵ䷶֯ô佫棬Ϊ»˵˭ҿжᣡ
иɮʷڳ㲻ذСֹ˵ʲôᣬҲǿðǧɲɡѲɻ˵ʲô𡭡
ϱƽ֚һ㲻˵λʦǷ񵨸µףǲܣעԴǣ
ǲ֪ĺжʱ£ͷҪڵĸԶӣȻԶ
ƽ֚д̳ǰȅɽ£ףͬʱںȪ·ݣؾڻټУ࣬ӦǱڿܵΣĻΪ׵ĸѺܻͨ¡ľ档
Ͻһӡ롪˵ЮţΪ¡֤
Իģ˷ƶ˵˴ĻŶĻЧҵͷ±ӻΧͨɣ
λѵ磬ȷʵԡԴƽ֚ͷʾͬüؽ̬ԵòϿɡ
һ˲²˵λβŵˣ֯ﵯΪĵġʧ̬ȥұȅɽµ鷳뵯йص顣
һϽӿ˵˵մɱ˵Ԫףһӣ˳Ǹʮֿµ̡Īǡ
ֹ۵ĸͷҡ粦˹һ㣺¿ɲӲ¶ȡ
ƽ֚ǿЦȅɽǺελãɮȻЩСȴҲ˳ǵ˵ģ
漴ƽ֚ɫֺתΪɮ治£˵ˣҲˡǣ
˻أǸŵе亹ֱе࣬еıͷŽż⣬е̾ա
һԵĻ˺Ȼ˾˵⼸ȻЩ䣬ȴҲ˴ļˡһȅɽֵ˻֣ǿɾͲˡ


ڶʮ ڻҥࣨϣ
ƽ֚üŶȅɽķ򣬿ǽ޲˫˲Ϣǧֹô򵥵£ǵö·ߺ˳򣬰սһ𲽲С
·Ϣȥ˹֣Ҫһ𡰼֤һ࣬ƽ֚Ҳȫ߲ܵؽˣоٶԽ
Ļ͢Ҳˣֱʿڷ硣ƽֻ֚˵ҲʲôҪǰȥֱסڱһ䲻ᡣ
ԾϽȅɽԼһʮ15.5ǰյ·̡
Ǵô㻨ʱһ絽ſߵɽ¡
ǰɽ࣬壬ɽ۲ߣ¶Ȼͣռ˺ܴһʯľԼɼɢģ̨ڴɽΧ£º͸ľסء
ҰѴɽйԺ͸ʵķǿżٲԶȻɼµڡ
ƽ֚һ˸߾ȣȻԱʱı׼µͼ֮⣬оﻹв˵ľܵߡһչʾòķɳ̡
Ǳûʲôʶ鱨Ǽ׻ȡġ
ΪģɽндСԺׯܹ࣬պǧɮ¡
ֱʯɽҰɽͬҪСܶ࣬ʤǾܱߣӽ£˹ģѾǸڽˡ
ȻҲɮҪΣսƣһδģ仹Ҫ׷ݵʮǰѵˮƽ;ݾͣǿ֪ϱǿ͸ûһ
һǿû¶Ըɮ˼Ҳǳɰǧˣ㼸ʮܴùġֵˣݵģֲòӰ졣
ƽ֚Ͳ׶֡
ȅɽǣһβ׷ˣûȥء
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ǻǰƽִܺ󣬡ͨġҪǣܵųȳңԴӱΡ
ϺԱ˵ǱТӹЮҪϾӶ壡
ȻЦĽڣ͢硢̼ҡĻ˸߾ȫϴһ£ҹӲдʱȫҵ
ʱƽּҵĽʿǸеʮֱġʤ̣ȴܳɱͣòѫûнӵĻᣬ񲻵ǰ׷
ȴһ
ϢͨʿĪ֪룬΢һвɲſֲ´̬ϲ֪߲ǽŲסϲ֮⣬װʿһĪ֪롣
˵ɽǰѰһ̨ӪأҴҰ
һۣɽƺƽ֚ʱüã˭Ҵʲô˵µɮгͻģҾ˵λðǧɲġԺְŪǷ񣬿ѿ޳֮ͽҪϼӳͽ䣡
һ½Ծ˹鲻Υ
ƽ֚Ը˵ȫֹҪ԰ݷڵĸɮһ¡
û˵ȴȻ쵽ʲôͣ죬ɻܻӹȥ
ƽӭ߹常ǲŻˣôƮһսζףҲŵ˰
˻ĿɿڴҾ㶼¶ĿͶµͷ
ƽ֚þòǡôس𾪡ŭʧɻ󼸸ݽڻ֯ľ
˼״˵ʲôˡ
ƽǰһ΢΢常ˣҶʲôиԲ߰ɣ
⻰ʮ棬Ҳûʲôԡ
С˾̬ûּӣ̲סЦʵ˵λ׼ңƽʱûȥոȥֱһٻá
ǵôˣûаѡո֡˵
ȻͯΡûûձȅɽʲô˵¡
ƽ̬֚ȻҪ
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ϸһȷʵЩԱȅɽ࣬ӹ
¾Ͳƽ֚㲻ʧ˳¡˵¹ǧɮһɭϣ˵ӦѲɽְֵ֣ɣôأҵǧ򲻿ʵ˵ɣ
һҪʵ飬һȴҧǡ֡˼Ѱζ
ֻǵ棬Ҳû˸ҵơ
ƽ֚Ĵźüǧˣھܸһ죬˵Ҫȥȅɽ߲ܵؽӴϹĿˣ΢еѾ˶Ŀǰ̽ˡ
ԽԽ࣬ɽǰʱѾĻľѹ⡢͢¡λʹټڸɮҡʫܰ͡Ұ١űεˣҪôǰҪô˽֧ӵ
ӰĴﵽˣؿɽ̻
Ҽ̻֮ƺ˻ԼиɫεɮɽֻӴܣԶˮһ㡣
Ҳ֪ûȥơ
¹ڱ棬վϣȵʱѾ൱СɽҲѾ൱ˡ
ȻƲȥʵ飬԰ꡱˡ
ƽ֚һͶԥӣ߶š˵ز㡱֮Ļ
ƽּҵļҳȻҲԴʲôԵΣ֮Ҳʵʵضǽǲ˵ˡ
Ψڿľս
̲סڣʵĪǡĪǸβŵˡ˱ȅɽ
⡭ҪǵĻҲΪ档һӴĺƳػش˵λˣ֯ﵯÿսΪȷ棬ٲ˺֮ʿȻڣȴǹõģûʲô׼
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һγĬ
ⰴ֮ʱɫɽϵĻȴԽԽۣʿ˵ϼѵɮˣ֪⣬Ȼ嵽ˡ
¹ʵסˡ
ߵģǳ̽͢ͷĹ䣬Ի¡͵ģΪһûȫмԱ鵽Ȳ̸ԭίٿְ̲ɣرºĴĸɮºżǿ֮
ƽ֚ת̲ܾڣҵвʿ䲻ͣΥǴžȻĿûӡǺأ
̲ԵҲ¡ͱǸûģȰͲټּ
ױ˵ƽ֚δˡ
Һܰ͵ͽܡһʱ˭˽»ͷ˵ȻЩʿңΣ϶ԶСڻְֻҪЩСڴɲ⡣
ƽ֚ûټ磬΢˼һüأʹ˵ͷΪȻı顣


ڶʮ ڻҥࣨУ
̫֪˰ȅɽ£ʲôطȻʲôѵɣҲ˽Աɽѽ㲢ݻģԴˣΪ̲͢ٸĻػƱҪ׷ףϢ˭Ҫ飬˭˵Ҳûã
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ȅɽôѹ˶¶ǺӦԣûע⵽ϸ΢ĩڵĵط
ջЩǿ˼ܣжȸߵˣע⵽ղŻе֮
һ䡰Ȼʲôѵɡһ䡰ݻ𡱣Ȼƽ֚Ϊ⿪
ôûʣ˵ʲô׷ףϢʵС߸߾¡
ɼõƽ̲ˣԼľѼ׼ңǶݿˡ֮ˡ
֮飬ΪȻٶУܷ鱨ǡƽ֚Ѿ֪ԪˣȻ֪ǵģֱѯʳģαҪǰͰڳ̬أ
ǺֵעĴˡ

ʱڣҹĻü磬ʿ췹ԿʳͲִٴɽȥάԴ
Ȼڵòȴ졣ȻȥˣȅɽϵܴԽԽңԽԽֻһʱൽ˷ʤۿֹõˡ
ֻǴСС棬һƬڵҹۡպζϴɽķ˱ǶԼ֦ɲž
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ƽ֚Ŀ࣬ŷӦԴû˵Ǳ̶ֻѣûʲôȻľ飬治óȻ֣ô
˵ԱߵΧȺѯʣλ֪ȻľϣϽһ¡
Զԡ
ͷҲϰжʫ֣ٲȥĥ׬Ǯķӣ˭û£ǡȻľϡ
۾㿴ҿ㣬˰죬Ҳȫջ
Ļ˺ʹҶˣѶôʱˡȻһ˱㷢˵ǵȥ꾩ϣҲڴ˻𣬵ʱƴˣŶѸ˻ƣûɴϰ
ƽ֚ϲ⡱ı飬λͣƣȻƴֵĸ֣㷢ʩɣҵĽʿȻӷԸġ
˸ոյ⣬ûü˵Ҫɫã̲ڴ˵ķݣ
ƽ֚㲻ģνҵרˮ֮£ʵڸ㲻ף˷硣˻ʧСǧɲɾˡ
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ƽֽ֚뵽Ⱥ۵λã˫ֵ˵ġǧﾵȥ
˼Ȼؽӹʮӣϸһ¾Ͳҡҡͷ˵һƬ֮У۾ӵضɢģ󲿷ֶˮĴ֣ƽջٲȡůҲޣƽشԼǴ֮ݵģԲŻ޷ɡڻѳɣ˵ȴɽϿȼ֮ȼմް취ֻܾӳɮºũˡ
ƽ֚Ҳֻһ̾ǿ˵ͷܥβԸ˵ʿȻתΪӦߡ
ܥβɫΪѣ͵ղšʿΪĿģɽеȥᣬ࿴ȥߵɮºũˣҵȣȥʱҵִֻδ˼˽ڡǡ
ƽ֚ɫΣֻ˵ýУҪ롣
ܥβȥ
Ⱥдһͳɤƴ˵ˣȅɽƽ֮ݵġ춨˹ݻˣ
أƽ֚Ȼɫ䣬һ˭ڱҥˣļ硢˵ʹߣֻĳλʦĵӣеӳڱۣ
Ҳɫȹؼʱ̣κҥ£ƻŽһ£Ĵþ棡
طǿԱ˵˺ݻǵͳɤȻĻһʹߣɫȻ߳Ṫʩ񣬿ڵƴˣԲӣô˵ԵĻѹˡ飬ҵȻ²⣬֮顣µòԣҲ
Ļִˣ汻ͬɣʱǺ˵
ֻڿЦ
ƽ֚ȴزϢ
һ㣬ĻڲζУƽѾˣġɡǵõѵֶ֧ռϷ磬򲻿ôֱӶײˡ
ڶ㣬ʵڲʲôˣռһϷ磬ҲڹϵΣ֪ĻڲìܣԴһɵƵӲ̫á
˵ѱѾ˵ˣ޳ɡֿһ˵ϸТȥȰ裨Ȼǿˣ
ǰñ飬Ϲ̸ֵϴŸӣҪֱӷѵͳԡ
˫ǲˣôĻͷˣ
ڲ£Ǻ˵塣
ƽ֚Լļƻʮּᶨġ
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λ˿ɲˣϵݵλǱȽ͹ذ׻Ҫߵģβŵʿɱˡ
ʱȻ޴룬ֻŻСһߴб󣬲Ҽ⡣֤ʵݣõ֮㿪ʼɫǰ̷ʿ䴵ëãȫ𱸡
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˶Ļ֯ҳ棬ʩʵͽġƽ֚׵ؽдϣת˻⣺ڴɱ֯ﵯ֮£Ƿ񱻲ڱȅɽ£ҲҪˡ
ˡһ̶ŭ̲ˣ̬ȿ²̫ʰɣЩﷸһΣȅɽʷ֪
ƽ֚ûϻתȥˡ
ԵġͯΡ΢һվԭأش˸ǷСָͶ״˵׼ǫ̃ʣľٵƺѾȥ̫ˣ˺ΪʲôҪЩʿԭˣٺ١
Ŀɿڴ̶žһƽˤڵ̺ϣ


ڶʮ ڻҥࣨ£
˵Ĺǣ޲Ϊȅɽֶַ̿ŭаʹ⡰ʿһε޳Ұоֻƽ֚ĸѹ֮£˸ڹ
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֯Ҳ˵ݵλʵǷȱЩЩСĸо
οǼһֻŲǧ˵ӭ׶飬ô׹ǧɮصıȅɽأ
ǹ䡢ֺ̼Ļǣ̫ͨ顣
ͨˣȻЩ̨ڵɮţƽѾã䱸ɳڣһսˣɮǮصʽҲ֪ᾭ١ɮֵ̰Ưû
硰ͯΡԣľھ˸֮󣬹Ǳ㲻̫Թҵ£Ǿֱ²˴򽻵ǸԸͨĻͨòʩӰ졣
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ôʱ俪ʼ˴ԣ˵βŵΪ׷ɱ֯ﵯ֮Ԫ˳Ŵɽģɮ¾ܾǿйûԸҵ˳Ǿ˹ΧƽּһܺӵȅɽݷͨͨйΪǳԼģŵѵֿ߽ս࣬ɻ֡
ȱӡ֤ѱαʮַ֪Ⱥڵ̬Χ߷ŷ׷׻Ȼ
βʿڴӡȷʵһԲͰεġ
ӱȅɽҲܳˡ
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𡭡ƽ֚ɫƾ̻𣬿²ջٱȅɽϣ֮һɡ
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ҿ˳ɽ͵͵ݻǣƽ֚üأ磬˵˳µ£㡭
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ƽ֚׼һӵĻ֪Ӻ˵ˡ
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ȫûȥǣƽ֚˳鱨Ǽ٣ֻΪԪ׶ɥ
治
˼ȥĬãƽ֚㸴ڵˣղ˵ͨѾɱˣ
Եͷ¶ɫǣұǳȥģ˭ǹŵҲٽǧ֮ڣ಻ȱеģȻų޵ֻ֮ʮ㽥ɢе裬תӣһв붵ñļ϶ʱС׼ٶռƺ嵶ŵֶͨµɮǱҵʿӲ硭
ٽƽֹ֚ס˵ãȴסҹ⼸칫˻ȥѯһǰȥҲҪѣʱٰЩӢ¼úϸ˵١ڷ֯Ϊѵ飬֤Ǵӷ²пʵ֪ģþȥᣬҲֻһʴɽҲҪ˵Һ˳£⵽ΪӺͲòľܾһŭ֮ġ
ɫ־ڹĶǵ£ȴɵ취ΪԼƺˡ
Ȼ͹ԣҲܺƽõģʶ˵ͷ
ֻǵͷͷȻЩ⣺
ΪҪȥ֯ΪѵأӦó˵ŻԵҴɽȥоݵı𣿡
ƽ֚οЦҡҡͷû˵黹˵𣿻ȥϸɣ벻һ͡
˵⣬Ȼֹ
Ϊ微ʤųһ죬Ϊͬ֯ŰһѾˡ
֯Ҳ˹Ԯ
컯Ūˡ
ʹ㣬һʱȫЩˡ
΢ԥһ£ͷˣϵ£ȫ̲˷ԸǱԼĥǿöˡ
ϣʩ
ߺá
ƽ֚ڵأһУȫ˼
ѵıӰãֱԷʧתڣԻδֻطβŻ鸴ӣƣ֮⡣
෽Ļ֮Ȼ߳ŵ｣ٴеķ㰲һۣ˵ͷ˲佫յ


ʮ ȫĴ
ת۵˶·ݣĺѩ֣ۼȥϢĵսˣҪؿ
ĥԽǰΪƱػģΪŰ
Ϊ˹ȫ֣ȅɽµ¼Ͻϵóݲӡ
̨Уڲ⣬ȡĿöʵйȡ
ƽ֚Դ۶ϣԴĶܿѾᵽ̶ֳȣǲԶ
Ϊλ£̲ٸػ˵ĻȻСȴҲδؾ
ĻҲ˵˫йʵѾϣҿʩͽ䣬Чȣ²Ϊɡ
Ļûˡ
¶ƽ֚ȴץסͨΧ󱻱ȅɽ±ӻڵ㣬ҧţ£ͬʱﰵǿҵǱвճɹѡ
ͳ͢ǵȻʮֲģ̽ĻҲݡ
Ȼ㰵˸УƮƮ˵һ䣺ǰαٹǰذ׽ǰãѾһ˾þӸλ̸ڵ֦ص֮˷ˡ
ôһˣߵĴлڻأ
ͨǡþӦΧҪӷ
ƽ֚㽫óǡ¼ĺҪءô˭ҪⷽϴģɾͨУԵĻɡ
ҡ䡢ɮǣƽ֚㣬ͱͽǰøɰҲܲµЩ棬һﰵͨġ˵ȹ˭ҹ˵أ
вʶģ˵ʿĵ㣬ͬǾ㡣
ǰιذ׽ǰãһվ˶ӣˡӵ١ϴĺʷֻӳж
ȻӲŲ·֯ųҲδؾһᶯɱˣ˭ԸԼԴעأ
֮ܶȅɽ飬ƺҪ֮
ó͢ĻĹϵȻý⣬δĺӰ졣
ֻܰҧʹѲʶ̧١
ƽ֚㣬뱻ؼǺ޵ʸ񣬻Щࡣ
֮ܶԤи׵أӹ׷𡣺ܶ๫ɮ°ȥѵĴǡ귢ޣʾ޲ðɽֻΪ¶
ţ£ӧ˵ϲڣ˹һղ֮ʿʳѰԸҴδþڹ
ԴѲÿɷЩȴδϴʺǳ⡣
Ȼ˶Χ֮ӡʱڣͷȴ±ŽһпŽϵ֣֮ⶼ
Ҳе⡣
նԚԺɣ̾ɽǳڶųĹĺͶѵΣͬʱҲΪϵȷƽּһ֧Ԯβǰߵս¡
귢ҵĴۣ
ƽ֚ûеˡ˶ڿĺӰ죬ȴ׷ֵϸˡ
һҧɥĲչɲȴΪûҲûй򣬻һ̰īķԼŻ֤
ɱųԪ׵ڲţҲǸִµĻ⡣δץﷸˣȻճ룬ͨұӻȷʵ뷴֯岻˳Ҳ˳µģҪκ֤ݣ֡
˫ִһʣ˭Ҳ˵İǸֻìܣ֪αķ䴫ԣʮͣȥȴĪ
ǣЩУƺû˿ǵƽּҵĿ֮
Уƽ֚ܵĹעѺҪ͵öࡣִվһߣȡʵҲܵ˲ԷŵĵӣȻҲкܶ֯ҵľˣΪְײĻΪǳֵᳫ
βũҵĹ¶̸ͰսëʤΪãëͨƽּڶĿھƹݴĵ˵֯ȷʵǰùˣҲζžͱŲˣֻҪΪ˵ģ̲һ᲻ܣ
ǡã֯Զݳǹûܼʱͽ֪֮ҲЩԥûеһʱΪ顣
ʤҴ͹ȣƵһ棬ΪĶκοε̬޷Լˡ
Ӱϸߵһڣ֯ﳤûôԥͽ˸粽ˣҷƽּҵŮųǸ׽ݾӾĲƽֱ¶Īͽ䱸ƺûкǿҵİ֯סƵ뷨
˺׬Ӱνһʯ
ƽ֚ϣģǽ˹۲ĻӦΣķӦ
䡢Ļ˲ĳͻͶ䵽ڲ˽ϵıʡ
ͨ۲֮ƽ֚һ޵ĸо
ڷƮҡв벻ĻǣЧҵĲѱˣĻңǴͳֵ۵ľۺ壬ֻܵϴ˸١
һ¶֪µĺУƾʲôõô˵ƴȣ
ӳ׳ҵѣҲȨҰΪһ֮˽żὫͳֵ۵ȶһ㡣
ųһ죬Ҫȡů
ĻȨлظ֮ƣìܾͿʼչʾ
ѽϴԵŸӵԽǰȥ̸ּ֮
ҲɵĻϣʮӵѣϴŸΪӣȴΪʢš
Ȼ󣬼쳵ǸּҵŸӳǡԽǰҴšӵԽǰΪ˷Żӱ塭
һЩĻ᲻һЩתأ
ڡ¼չʾʵ̬ȣͳֵ֮󡭡
ˣ뽫һĵģֻһ׷ʵˣв֪ô˵£ԨӢ¾ǹ㡢ľ㼪ʤЩεıԱˡ
һɫٳҡľѹ⡭ȵȺܶ˵̬ʮ΢
£ֲòѿý֯ųҲ֪˼徿ˡ
뵽ûʵݣƽ֚Ϊ˴ķ
ţʼһпյ顪
Ҳ黧ڡ
һͳƷˣôŮɫһֻһӶŮӡ
ŮȲܣӾͨѾڱȅɽϡ
ͨжӣ꣬ȷһɽϡಡ游ڴ͡
㻹иʮֶӣһѾˡ
֮ƽ֚㵱ϣͨ䳤ӵͷ­ֹװѺ˸͹ȥ
㲻Ǻųʹļףޣ븸ӹϵ
ǿڿ˵¶ǻ쵰ģԼȫǱв
ðŻлˡ
ͿϺ꣬᲻ᱻŭͷԣ˴֣ٱԿˡ


ʮһ ̫
״ˣЩ⡣ۿ̾ҪΪβϱֱϵĺƽҪˡˡ˱أ
ոʮǧǰͷСʽļУȻӿСвϴųصǧﾵȻ侲ɷнµ̬ôͯӾϷĳ
丸ҲǰԪֻѡ
ձȅɽ¡ºʮգ뾩Ƿʱǣһ֮ʱѵ˴֮֡䣬⣬ɣй³׻ůѩѾڡʱߴϢ¼ᣬڳʤһ֯´Դ
ƽ֚Ȫ·ĹڣĹ˶ԱҪкԼԸǰһ£֮ڣṩԼıԹʹǧ챾ĴһЩʱĿ;ȴδβšӳԮԾϣһľڣͨ䳤ӵͷ͵Źɽǣ档
һЩ˼Ƚܣûôܵļҳ;ôе㱾ĩãβˡ
ȻֱԽɵģΨԼҴүһ˶ѡ
ƽ֚ӦĽ棬ҪŮǰ͵᪸ȥɻʽǧǷĲѩǧ㣬һٿ֮ͬ·ġ
õҲúչһҰ˳Ϊ׼ŮݷʯɽԸµ̩ɽĸ
ǧ軻һױݣѩǧһͬɾֱţڶʮۣʮŮĴӵ֮£˾ƽּҴϣȴһ򶫳
ڼƽ֚ӽ˵µƣΪǣµԭԼ͸¶֯һϵ֮󣬸Բͬ
ǧһҼ̳˵ݣӴڰѱĲ档ԭ֪ܵͬʱҲѧúܿ죬ڡ͢Ļ硢иԵȡ֮£Ѿܹ⡣
Ȼڸ׹֮£ûձ̲סʡ
ڶӵĲ֮ƽ֚Ľ͵һĵмֵ˲䣬ǿµ׼Σǲڵʣ֮ʱͷ·һʱܰεĽͣĳֲ潲ѾΣաڼȣʵҪҪôѵӵҪôɴγ
ԭˡǧ򣬡ǲҲ֮ǰ˵Ȱڣ⡯ĵ
ƽ֚΢΢ɫ䣬ҡͷҿɲ˽ֻҥˡЩҲͰˣ˵ȥǺܲ׵ġ
ǣǧæü̧ͷǣҾá㡭㲻˵ҼڵΪ˲ⷽ밡
ƽ֚ԶԣԾΣƬ̺󷽲ɫǻ˱ˣȷʵ˵⣬ˣʮһֱûȡʵȴǷ˲ʵάáǲ˽յ򱳡
ǧ¶ֻһ֪⣬ȴֲ׸ôԼֻǵͷ˼
һ֮ȥŹɽʹߵܥβˡ
˵ʮֿƣû֮⣬˵ʲôлƽ̲ŻӶ֮޴棬Ϊ¶ҡԳ͢Ļĳ൨ġ
̵Ϻ갡ƽ֚㲻Ϊ֮п̲׷ʵïܥβ֣һһСͷ­͵ǰ
⡭ܥβ˵ಡ齣ܼܷ磬ҪҲֻ˶ʮԶһֻ׼õͷǣֻĽת
šⲻΡƽ֚ʮźⶼ̵£˵ʲôӾѡĽڣ˵ĻᱻšҲʲôɶԸ֡ѾԱʱҴֻܹҸˡ
Сг˵ܼ㷢ŭǵ˿ҲǱŻˡ˼Ҫ˺ָնʹǱ
οСǼһﻹء
ŵǶа취ƵûҳͨҲлᡣǣȻԸⵣΣնȼߵĹǱȥǾ˸ˡ
֮ɽһᡢܥβЩ˵ηʲô񶼸ҽӣµûôˡ
ˣӽˡ
ƾƽӪµĶߵԱȣҲֻһѣ˼ҶѾ˵úˣҪôٱȥ۵ƽܾͻᷴת
ɣĻȻС̲ϴ򡱵黳㣬ôλµĵ޿ʿ׼
ֹˣսϵҲˣ˭˵ʲôսϣǾӵ˱Ȩֳ鲻ʯǸ̶ȣͲױԴ
䡢ɮ¡ĻǣΪ£ѾĻԹޣԲ˵Ļڹ˵ҪԴ
ֻǣһʹ֣ηºǱڵıأ
֮Ҫھܷǰߣ
ǴҵĻΧʧܺ۽ΪĻڲҲƽȣһ˼άԤϣϽȻȥѾ˼ҲģǳƺѾҪϼҵĹײĶ϶ˣʱпܡʦġ
ȥҲҪҳһңפڲ࣬㹻˷ġ
ȻôһʣµıͲڶ߲Ӱˡ
ƽ֚һʱѾԥ֮䣬ǷҪѱšҳͨйһʱȴȻߵǧ迪ˣ
״ˡûĻҪ취¶δԸ𣿡
ƽ֚Ĳɵصͷʲô𣿡
˵ĳӳﾡ֮һһߡȻ˼ңƶҼҡԳ͢Ļģ˿ûǸǸҡôչҪţڷͱ֮ҪﵽʣҲ֮е顭
ǧ黹Щ̫ţ˵õǻ
⻰ƽ֚ǰһ̲סȻǰİȷˣô򵥵飬ҾȻû뵽
ŲǸܥβ磬Ը㰴°ɣͷïһˣǸͣ
ǣһľչʾ
ܥβһɨգָֻ־״̬һݣ֮ת򣬴̤߳
֮ƽ֚ǧ裬˲øһʱҲ˵
ǧԼҲЩ˼Ȼʧ֪Щʲô


ʮ ΧŹɽ
ƽ֚ûȥ˵֪ͨһ£ԡ˵̬ⷬҸ˹ܹܣֻıİϾôӣƾôܹȡأ
˾ȥҲȡ
ȻŹɽǵʱסˣҲװʲô壬Ƿƣĳӳ⣬ȻԼȡˣΣĿǰǽһˣʵڲýԸ׾ʾ⣬ƽ̧̲֣ջسΪƣ
Դˣƽ֚㵱Ȼòȴֺؾܾˡ
˲Ȼ֮顣Ȼɻڹҵʵ֮ҹȻµˣ˭أ
ȥ˴պյϢ˵һױд˵ᴹӣڵϦ֮䣬ɳѪܹԶ룿ƷʮŷӣʦԽǰڵεԵɺϣɳŹɽ֮Уݹ㣬ʮһ㣬ԸԴ׾ıģ
֮ƽ֚ĵ
ߵھȺ䡢ɮĻ˿Ǻܲһģ´ȥ˾ǡ׼ƽ̲֪ǿϺܲ
Ҳݲȥظ
ƽ֚β¶ʿûжþ˵ķڣĸߵ͹һŲ֪˷ֻʣ
ܥβ罫˼ȥ
ţûˡ
ܥβһʱƽ֚㷽ʶеķգæ˹עһҹûκϢ
˵磬Żȷϣ̸нĻ룬ٱǣִļڽǧ˵ŹɽǷأ׼ᶨ˵ڳԿ̬
˷չ֮ǰԸһ
ֻǡ
ʹܥβ磬˾֪ǻţһԻұһԻո̫ɣҿԴڳſʾˡ
¾ˣƽ֚⣬ȴҲ޿κΣֻܴźȪ·ݣĹԮϽ·칥ŹɽΪơ
һǸϽһһʮͼӴףԭԭʣ¹֮ȡϵơ
ͬʱҼΡţһǧڣһ·һߴӶƹЮŹɽǵĳǽֹ͹ҵצۼ
еִȥҲڰ֮С
ƽ֚Ȼʮֲá
ԼжϣܥβվԴΪɥ
ʲôұո̫ɣ֪¼ʿ˾˲ܥβȽϻԾԼѾλȨߵɲˣǻʿӰġ

֮ǳҰլſдһϣ˺Ȫ·صĹڣܼǧ˰پƣԱδﵽٷ֮٣ǰƽ֚ıӻϣִ͹Źɽ֮£ңŸ翹ϡ
ﳤĹԱ˲аüҵʮӴ汣һҵ󾩣гҲҵġӡԳԭ˵Ǿǧˣǧ٣Ѿϣ׼ɺ
򰶺ǣǮתҴ˳˴˷Ź˵ľѹʮ־޴󣬲ԼҲֿˣԽݡݡ¹̻Ĵӽȫδӽڼ׽ŶסҲһ̫ܶʱ䡣
ƽ֚ܳŵǳػҪλ̼֧֣˵Ҫʱ̿Խһ̼һԵի
ҼΡżʮ˷ܣǸԴһԤȳһһΧŹɽⲿϵͨŴδܵзͻжܹնٵоսķᡣ
֮ǰͨӦΧѹȫҺģȻˡǰЩбܽȻһϣô
ݰ˷ŹɽؾӦòǧݾеҲܳ㡣֧ҵ٣ʱסԳ˲Ϊǵں֮ڡ
͹ıС֮ƵϣƺҲ̫ˣô˻ᣬʦﾰ·ӣƽּҴߣŵ˵ֻҪʮӵмأΪʦ·
ͨƽ֚㲻ֻͬǿǵԷһҲܳգҲشӦҪ
Ҵģϱ岻ʣ˳ʤİٰʮʿ䣬뵽ǷĶ顣ϡɽʮ壬нǧ˶Ļͥ
֮ܶܥβ֪֮⣬²Ľչȫ⡣
⽻ϡ
ǳȫûзڵ˼ʵҲҪˣڡɽĻġ෴󳱵УϾˣϽδ£ΪɢͬˣԿߵĳ֣ƵһƱ߽ȻţɽˮĵһŴ¡Щ˶ʲô̫á
ҪȤϵˡ
ѿͷ֧ƽ֚ġ桱Ϊͬʱĵ͹ǣֻܹƻѣɴֻ׷һһռɡ
Ͳ˳Դˮǿ׶֮⣬ЩΪΪŰĴӷҲģնݲ紵
ԣǰԶھ£ҵľɲΪĻã߽ߣزˣԼ
ƽ֚߶ֻǺ첻Ӧһ顣
ôǮôˣôѵΪ˺𣿵ȻҪԼҵ棬λѵڴ֮پΪ
ǵƣƽ֚ǿͳΧΪӣùսҵֿ
ѾձɽͲŲٵ̰֮ͽ
Уƽ־صڰڳӪƳеϮջʵ̬ҿԴԴϵԮƽʵʵĳɹ
ͨаϣЩϢ϶бȥġ
ֵʮգĹǧٲӵλͲ˳ŵǧԮఴʱ֣֮֯ﳤܱˡ
ԴŶǧǰĳҲԪ׸ոδü⿪¼׺ȿȲ裬ȴżҳųǹ۲һ£Ȼ˵ҿǿ֮ĩ̲ɵսԸ¾״ʱڣҪȡ׼
ƽ֚㺬Цǿ֮ĩһͲͷ׳ʿˣɱţս֮ʱĿøµķɰɣ
һҲԪ״żֲ嶯źʧȵı飬òȥ
ƽ֚ۼ죬׼һ͹սٽ
ڴʱȴѻңԾҴҶ˵Ҫͨ


ʮ 
ȻǸټڵĺУƽּҵĳӣǧ赱˺üʦӹɿԵԼˡ
Ҫ̡Ȼɲ
Ȼƽ֚㲢δ˾ݻǡ
ϾϣѾǲòοڱ΢ѣۿҡҡ׹ָտƣûָƺҲ
㣬ʿ߰ΧһǧˣԮѾϾĹ³ǣȻδκУҪܳ£ֻ˵Ҳ
ҼΡţһǧ챾ǳҰȪһǧ߰٣լſ·һǧǧ߰˲Ұͨϱߡ
дһϡƽּطľ㳤ָµļǧһ٣ǵϤɽֻͷƱȽϸӵ
ʱҪطǽ񣬼ܣǽǰϵͲ˳죬ҵǧҲѪ
챾һšﳤסҲԪסʮӴ汣Ĺ¾֯ﳤȿ;󵹸ϵȴͱˣһǧڣܴ󽫵ıһš
ƽ֚ƽ桢ҳͨžЭָӣְǧͯԱ߲ιѧϰʮַĴ󵨵ȥˡ
˵ǡҪ̡ʵƽ֚ܾӦòʲô춯صĴ仯ҲôݲȣȻǰȥˡ
ȻװŪĻң˾ʣ˵̲ˣվ۷ͷǴѽ
⻰ƽ֚൱ĲΪ⣺Ҳ뾩أۻܷ츲زɣͲ˸ҹΪӦ˽
⵹޹ˡǴǣȻݸšҡͷȻһЩϸ΢ĩڵҥԣҲ֮а
Ҳˣ£ֱԡƽ֚
ðɣ̾ˣܶɮǶ˵̰ͼصĿŹɽթ
ɾ̫˰ɣƽ֚Ըзŭɵôǰáʮŷӡȡƽһھܾˣ˵˲˽Ҳˣ㻹֪ҶԲûʲôҪ˵Ϊ˴Ͱض˵ùȥ
ʵ෴𣿡Щȣµɮǣȴ˵ƽ̲ǿҪʮŷӡδϽұ
ðɡĽǶȽȷʵֲֵǵݻȽ׳ΪͷβֵĹ¡ƽ֚ҡͷҿǽھáǧסǰӼ̳۵ֶΰˡ
ǷҵֶΣ֮Ըµ𺦵ġɷн£֮䣬ǿȡĳͻջɸΪ񲯣ͿԱΪ˴ŵ̸ǡ
ȡңڱص֮£ɶҡƽ֚ϴʾܾ
ɾ͡ᱻҥΪɱ˶ᱦǾͺ鷳ˡ硣
ĬƬ̣ƽ֚㸴ɵҥң֮СΪСҥأɴ˵̰ͼҵļҵ߶˱ȅɽµĻ֣Ǵȸ𣿡
ҿЦ¾ܵţȴĻּ֯ģ£͵ͬʱΪѡ
˼һ׹ڲҥԵǳһİƽ֚üҲû̫ϣֻĲɵһۣ˵ɮΪ˱ϵı𣿼Ȼ롭
Ǻǡ˵⣬ǿһЦϲոյõϢʦŨָʾҾҵ̫ʧȴ֮ġԣƶɮò˵Ǹʱڣǲƽּ̫Ӵˡ

ƽ֚Ȼѣ֪δ𻰣÷̲ס׷һ޴ĻĪǡټڣҪ֧𣿡
ͷ󺹵ؽ͵ʦδ򣬿˼Ҳһټڵ
һʷƽ֚ץסţ˵㲻ľҵ֮⣬ûгˣҼǵһʦֵܵУҲЧİɣ
֧֧ᣬݡ
˲˵ˡƽ֚ʮֲõذ˰ֱ֣Ե˫ر׼񲻾͵𣿡
˫ֺʮͷԶԡ
ƽ֚Ǹе൱ơ
Ǻܲôġ
Ȼ˵ǸԶĸɮԼȻʦ촨ϲǸϲףûɶʵȨϺУڷ棬ʦͽִ죬ȻʦŸǼΪɻ¡
·Ȼڶ࣬۵ģʵҲô빫ϵе̨ڣҵټڣΪĲܶڣټϹϲڡɣҪôϲ̨棬Ҫôǵطʡ
ȥʱƽ֚ŷڵóηͿںһڣ壬ĹţʵǺݺݰڵһµġ
ձȅɽ£ָ̨ڽ³Թ
һֱΪټҲˡ
һˣƽ֚Σ˵һ䣺˵˽ǺãΪ֤ףͰȫӳȥʲôʲôг֮֡ģ˭б˭Ըȥɣ
ǧ𰡣æϣһеĹ˳ˮ۷һ飬ȿ֤׵ΪȻϺϾǿǺã
ˣƽ֚Ϊ죺˼ôĵֵסңòˣ
Ҳô˵ҳ˼һ£䵽պ֣ʲôƶɮҲ˵׼ɨͬ壬Ļȡ˲Ǯ˿ڡ⵹Ҳ鹦ƽּҸɾϡͬʱڲҲԽԽˡƺһЩȰ˵˲ҪˣԳ
ӦòҪģ˶ڵѪ֮£һ򶼱Ƚ̰¡ţһ򶼱ȽϽСġƽ̲֚סЦһ
ȴɷнµȰҲ֪ĻУ˲ľΪ׵һ֯޽ǰʱפʱֵ൱һ˾ͱ˵أ
ҲУƽֻ֚˵ʱƱǨ޳
˭˵ءҲ̾һ£Ȼƺ뵽ʲôԥһһ䣺ƶɮһ֪ٵСϢһʲôֵܴһ޷
˵˵мֵأƽ֚ʤ޵̬ȡ
šġƶɮ˵ľǼλˣ֮ԸʱĻЧΪĻ֯ﵯ˵ԵʡƺǵιѾ룬Һ͹˴һЩΪ֪΢ĬȻҵĸϼӿš

ƽ֚һʱ޴жα
طḻʲôȱʲôҪǲȱ̸۵ļμңҸݵĵС޳СƣܸϲҹģΪǳ͢Ļ߲»΢˽ˡ
Ȼʱ䡱һ죬Ϊ֮һµĻұһƨڵأƽ֚ҲûվȣҺ÷סֱɡ
ϸһֱ棬ƺŹɽǡ
ƽ֚ɣιսѶȲߣҪʹôͲԸûвڱأοͲĶҲûô󰡡
Աķ㰲Ѻõ˳ְѻǺҲһãȻ⡣
ɻ䣬ǵķܹһſʹżʮԶ󺰵Ҳҵľɱ뱾裬ȲսҲԼظըƽˣ


ʮ ȡѣϣ
Ȼ̾
ңһײֻ̣Խ²Խȱȷݻ֣ȷǸգֲüҵİ״ȴŬסͷ仯ʱȨڷͷһ𲽣ӱʡС󽫵ְλʮʱŵõߪԽˮǴݶһ棬ʮһΪһ֮Ǵ޵У˹λµְĻڼػسʮʯļ塣мѿǲԶ
Ȼžߺˣ֮ͬʱӢܣʼջѷһ
ˣһǸ֮ʤΪ׾ھֹ̼ƣȴʿͬţޣóȺףƼʻĹؼʱ̣ԽελϵƣתΪʵʵڵһȱóѹƣЩ
Ӵ֮λ㿪ʼ·
һѸߣ㱾˵ж½һ棬ĶͨʵǸʡĵˣžԶ丸Ұȴй֮
ջ۵⽻ֶΣŹɽΪݵĴѺ֯ųԪִʱȻӰھͷյķҲˡ
ų̣ʱ䣬ھƼȾ䣬ͨѡ˱վӣ丸ཨʱڻӻòˡ
ƫƫʱɱһնݳ񾡡ƽ֚㣬βӲԣž޴Ĳѹ˳˵ĲӣŹɽΧʵʵۿǲĿľݵˡ
һ˵Ļݣ̬²²ð
Ǿ͵˽ز
Ͼʸӽ֮λˣȻӣŤתǬվ۲
Ӻͳڱȅɽϣ֣֮ʣӣظһͬˡ˵һ춯صľ죬ʮһУǹѫıԣ֮ɢ
ٽٽҩеıըЧɣôöûôĳ棬Ҳ֪ôĻ𾪺󣬽ʱִƻӵһҰȼյġַ棬ϧһڣۿϢ
һԵĳҲԪ˺󣬾ԵƽţҰ⻰ȴ̲סɬ֮⡪ҩɱʵܸߣҲǾܣʯڷɣȴǺ򵽡Ҳ֮Ҳŵõʮһҩڷһٴμ㣬һǧѣѧ˼ҷչңңڵġû뵽˼˺üٽҩΪԱ˹ȻǮ
ѵлһʵǺȪڱͷﰲ򣩵ǳҰҲ˹ͣȥδ۱²۵ȻôΪβֿҪЯأ˼벻ס
ḻҰ֪Ĵ𰸣ǳҰڵô𻰣ֻǺһЦȥǡ
Աһλһ곣ûʲôƢԺۣҲܵð߽ЦǺǵػӦ˵ǳҰûע⵽ղŽս֮ʱȻвʿֳڣδҵʲô谭ǲըԼġ֪ƽּҡݡƷķ֮󣬲ŷʹõģֻ˻ҩϸĥеĻأ
ǵܴ󽫣ƽ̲˵ı£վûѧȥġ֯ﳤãԶԶϲɫ˸߲ҵش󷢸пֻеݣϸЩ⡪һ֯ҵһţƺƽ̲ǵܴ󽫡ɺ
ǣİҼ⻰ɣȫȻ˵ǱͯΡǿйЮŲżƽ־ġȻ˵һССĵײʿʵҲûʲô·ӡ
Ĺϣдһսáڡ˰һ½٣žǴʱҰıĿӡɲǺԤװٽǼٽڷһĽ˵Ǳۡ
ٽǼٹ̩ףܿһˣ㻥ݡٹ̩˼ٽ⻰ЩΪȻݼţΪ˲ұֳ
ȻڳȴȱȼٽϣϵˡҰǳҰ˿ھҪȴԶˬЦϡ
֮ةٽͨƣϰߣǵøһĲźãƽ֚лЦŷ㰲ͻҵˣδ֮ʱȻǲڰҡõʱҲҪ浽ⶼûʣɾˡ
ǣ׷׳쵼հԶһеġ
ƽ֚㺬Ц˰֣ǰ̧ͷ˵гǱе龰ɫȻһ裬Цȫ
ŹɽϣԲٲ֮ڣ㽨ǹȻڵƣûдƽ߻ͣСܹϰٸԺ䣬мṹȴִ¡ݷ󡢵ֿ⡢֡õȲͬ;ĽһĹĸŷš
һۿȥǵĲֻûйıΣȴ칫ʹʵֻڷòáԺ̫࣬ҪעҪҲ̫࣬Էֱء
ԤռϣǵıλɽߴʮʮǸʵĲظɾȵʮƣ˺ͷ罨С
ڳƽ֚ǰȴյϡõһƬ档
ԺǽôڵľҾߡװΡ֮ģȫԭģ˺ںĽ̿еҲɢֻʣֵļάһֿܳΣƣ죬ʱղõĽմ¥ϵᷢгŵĽζҲдⱻ
֮ƽ֚ипûп̫ãѯʣһﱾ踽Ĳ𣿿ܥβ䣿
أڳ̶ȴﲻӦ
Ƭ̺󣬼ٽС˵·ŵסһӳͯ˽˵ܥβǱѺڱġ
ƽ֚㲻ĬȻ
㡰ԱѾСʱĻδϨ𣬴棬Ȼ׶༪٣һ
ȷ˵Ӧʮˡ
һҪѰʬףٵøһĵطƽ֚ɫʹ˵ïܥβͨƣûá
иŮµӣլиѳĵܵܡͨǳҰС˲䡣
Ӽ̳ٺ»ְܼ̳λƽ֚˾
˷׷׳ǣԳ塣
ٽ״ʵս˳Ǹδõ⡣
ȴһڽ̸Ц˵еƽ̲üޱػش˵оϣʺڴ˴˵λ֪ˡ
Դ֮Уƺܾ쵽һ˿Ϊ֮⡣


ʮ ȡѣ£
Ӹرͣϼ̸δһս֮չŹɽǣܹ˶ʮյĹ򡣶д󲿷ֶڵӺʣֻ˼ʱѡ
ԵɣֱӱŹɽǵķǿ󣬱ͨѡվӣϵò׻ʱǮʿ䶼ӻһգʱϣס˲ӡ
ƽ֚˼ϣκЭʵҪȡһ񣬶Ϊȷİгֹսʱʲô
˵Ա챾ǧǧǧ٣⻹ǧԸĿ;ҪǰԮͲ˳쾡ûɶҲҪʵ𣬼ʿ˳֧Ӧÿշٶٹϡôۣ㣬ҲܷĲȡ޷ġ
ʿܲΪ˴Ҹ̵İɣ
ҰһʱЧŹɽǣȥͲܷų
ƽּˡԽݡݡ¹ݡ̣ÿһأֻҪվסǿĴǣ̼ͨкʽףøֶΣЧػˡٽиֶΣ£֮ḷ́󱾷Ӱ
ԼҲõ͹Ĺ˾ػݣʩʽƱزܷպȪ·ҪοĹľ֮
ƽ֚УӦһңռ͹ļȳʵ飬ȡ㹻ʱ֮ȳʵҲݲˣĻ͢Ƿ̸ɶ˵ʲôǸͷ˸µĴͲ˳ιϷʤʵ⡣
ɲ룬֮£ڽ̽սɵķӦԼԤ֮Ҫǿ˺ܶࡣҲ֪Ƕôӣбʲôء
ټ֮ټڵĴп촨ϲףʵҲһ׶ûУվһߣƽּҵѡš
һһƽ֚Ͼ˲ñ
ǰ£ȅɽϵı֮޼գƽ֚ƣѶλľģڴѹס˾ͳ༴ǳ͢䡢ɮ¡ǹɵļš
ŲǿάϵģǿֵϵġĳЩϼСһЩַǳǿ
ȻһѶƵʶı䣬ֻأ
Źɽ֮û죬ƽ֚㿪ʼͷ۵Ϣ
ȱȅɽµľ±ᣬɮǲֱָ̫ƽ֚Ļ֡ƾ޾ݵô˵͵˺ˡòشëãƽ־פھȴûάΰãӦΪ¼һΡ
˰˵ɮ˵ĵУһɺԣ̲˲Ϊ˽黳ĿǰҪģȷɽǡڡ˾޴֮ǡ֪ͨ˸صĺ壬ոнϣһͬò
֯ҵʹͨһţԣ̲˱£޼᲻ݣСһڴ˽º⡣ȻţԶɱȣǧѩǧԼ᪸ǣʿؽİٱηǿС
ߵͲ˳û¾Ͷƽּҵس˵Ҹ㣬ֻȡŹɽǿֻ㣬һҪ׷ЩΪıСˣһķλת̲ˣǧ򲻿ɱ󵹸ļһɱΰ
Զɽ˽ԻŹɽ䣬Ѱνԡ̲ۣ֮֮裬ᶨ
龰ƽ֚㲻п´£ʱ̷򵥵Ĳ֣սǰսιŸѡ

ʱȺҲûš󣬸սѸȼ
վȽŸǳȥ깥±ǰҽǺִһսϢʹǵơ
Ҫӵػɽӷ˵𣬴˲žƽӹȴռҰɽ⣬һȱ֯ëϸߣŵõĻ֧һٸˣѾһǧɣҲѹƲסҳڶ
ɸռ˵ĳྮֱǸҰĲսļһ״ԡˡΪǧǰ
ɽӷᣬϱеʵʴȴȫǶ֣ʮռ۽ʮߴݵ㣬ҪɽǣҰɽĿȨʱ鵽ྮ¡
ɽӷ޲ߣսľ֮£ϽķѰ֧֣ҲԹȫǲͶҽˡ
ɳϵǣĥǳԮź󣬾׼ƵģѸɾƫƧС·ɽԽ룬ͻϮ˳ྮֱĺ󱳣һٽϻصҰɽĹѮ֮ٴα
ԣˣһʱ϶ߣʵʵҡȻǳֻ̫ҪɽҪྮȴǼҪǮҲҪ֮£ɽӷỹҵġ
յϢ֮ƽ֚һпǳӺȷʵ˹ֱǻȺһҲе棺ԸϼңҲ
־񣬿ǲ֪ôۡ
ԭʷϣԭսʱڵĺˮ
˳ǳҴ⣬ͻˡ
ıǰ֮ھ׳ƳλϲֱңűסϲֱǳԪףǻǳҲȥ
ҴҵëңҲΪԼҸĴеա
ɽԪףҪɱϲֱΪһ㶼ȫ֡ʾ˽ԷȥҲˣؼ˼ϲֱҶ༸򲻹˼ң۽ͷĻҪëҸܶɹѹء
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ɽ¹Ϊ׵Ӳеֻ˸طٴıˣëѾǲܼκβճˡ
ͬʱƹҲһ˵󲻴˵ССϢ
˵һݱ֮ǧ뱱˾Ŵνսʤฺ٣ȶȥ˴ڳǡ
λ˽ܡ޷ͳ´۸ӵĹֲϸ£Ȼʤ̣ȴͷҡУ֯ѹƹҪһƣų͹ȥӵĲ裨ۣ֯㶾ˣЧ
²̵߽ĸ˾õϢᣬһӰ졣
֯޹⣬ֻƣһ쵼Ƶݵλ⵽ɣòѷţʵȶġǼϽ֮һҲڷ֯ˡ
εģ㵽¡
Ȼվǳյı٣סּҵľӻУҪʵ
Խǰųּң˵ս־ǱȽϲġзڳﲻ׳Ӿʳ̴ҵԸ롣
ĿԶӡβһһξۼ·Ѿ֯͵´Ҳλս˫Ͷı࣬˽չҪ࣬û˵ʽս
ƽ֚㶢ľܱߡҲ˵ǵɽǡڴ֣Ǯۼ˾˵˹ģľӡʮĻչģģֱˡ
ںΪ˼
ǵϱϵս£ƽ֚㽥һΪֺļƻŤת۲ı
ƻЩڴ󵨣»ûȵ֡ĹоѾˡ
ҪҪء


ʮ 
Ȫָۡ
ƽ̲ۼͣһ֮ڴӴݱ¸ȫΪ֮һ
˺ܳʱ񾭣Ϣһ¡
ƽ֚⿪˶ǰߴͣԸҲʵɣһʿ
򰶺ǳﻮǮܷҴΣӵȫԱԷνһݣÿ˶ļڡ
һֱͣæµķС˵ȣ޲裬ж£׷ǰʱġ𡱺͡Ӱѡ鵽µľƹݡ޳ȥˡ
Ȼǽ⣬гԶ˵㣬һ٣ɲԸ·Ϻķ̫ʱ䡣ⰶԴƽνһǧݲʯɽȣȴҲǶ߶ˮƽֳĹԱȻȱòεרҵͷ̬ĿȡԼ۱ȷǳˣԸοġ
ֻϼʿܹһеġԼΡ
˵Ƿġ֮󣬺Ȫΰȷʵˣ·ٵĴģＯǾ˺ۼʿүһ治ԸܵŵĹһҲòŻеõġ
ǰ㲻߰˸ҹȥ
Щ֪ǧʯϵġϼʿһ淨ˡ
ٸ߼õĹᣬǣҲǲȥġٲṫȥʧݣ濴ʲôռ֮ģɸСȥؼˡ
ҵˣձ龭Ӫ󣬹ϵͨ죬򲻸ҵλȨصʿүĻͷѲ飬׷൳ǻһȫװĴүǣɷվſڣ⻹ôȥ
ʱ䣬ݵĴүǣڼңƽ̲ȥˣʣµĲࡣ
ȷ·²ڡУͷլſʱƴ󽫡ְ֮ŴӲѡİ˰ʮúԡ·ơݣԶȥ˴ͣڻŹɽǸפţڿ϶ܷء
ʱڼڹģſĵܵܣլ念ҲֵİլĴӡָš·²ڡʣʮǼڲʿԼʮʹֻҴεͳһЭ£רעں·䣬ҲϱС
Ҵżٵ죬լ念ʮִ󷽵˽ԼҼ֣һʶ⡰ڷѡǵȥúϢҪ»ǮԼȴʵػص˸Աոµġ
ļҳǣ֪λ֪ġүǡݲؽмȥġֳ˭Ҳûȥ˼µġ
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ݡеġȲ˵𲻽ģǸӣҲȷʵķչ̣ȴеЩ

³ҹ콵ϸ꣬ˮ
լҵݷ谵ĵ£լ念ֲŰƴֽƬֱ˼ּ̿ˣɿһֽ߬סСڴȴֲ¶̰Цݡ
һǰ;ķգһǿɹ۵ĽǮԼ
֪ء
ãüһ飬լ念ٳٲ¶ġ
ԥ䣬Ȼһֻ۵ϸ۴󻺻ػסӡ
Ȫˮ˰öŮߴӰլ念
念ˣ塭е飬ΪѵĻͲҪӦȻõǺܺãһ鷳Ļᵣĵء
εŴɤլ念ͷһȣ¶ġǽɺȫסһصı飬תһЦָ˵ķң͵ǿĿһᣬˬһЦϷʵ˵ʲôأС£˵ʲô鷳ֻڿϸˡôʱ䣬һ󡣱˵Ǵ˵Ⱦ֮ͣʲô飬ҷҲܾܾ
լ念˵ĻȫǼɫ⣬ٻһСֳġ
籡ŮӣԶȪָۣѾһˡĴߵСˣǮϵȡһ١֣ǿҲʿ
˵ĸԭǴŲŲģֻǰȾؼ¾βű常֣ҽ
һ߳еҽ϶ȶǿö࣬ǰ籹սתҽʦ£ΧԭҰ̤ࡣ
һ̤ɲɱԽǿӴиײϴҡڳеİլҶүһӢ۾Ŷ֮׺Ⱥʣˡլ念常һӲʩձȥ檡
ټҵİ籹˼£¶֪֮±Ҳ޷֮⣬Դܣһһ̷ɷ򣬼Ȳ֪ᰮլֲ֮Ҫױġ޼ǲͬ
Ҫ˵ʲôȱ㣬޷Ǿǡˮƽдߡһӷ죬Թκγ߶ȵĵ̶ԥؽܣ˺ΪʦӸԡ
լ念ô䱦ǳ谮ˡ
ˣǧ˵ô˵Ļ˽Щǡ黰ϲ⣬һǵլ念ĻôңһҪذΪ˰籡Ҫʲô⣬Ҳûء
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ءôء籼ۿᡣ
ƽ̲Ǹ£˳ᢣڽ̸Ц˵УòԼ󡣿ϧԶԶϲ˼
˼ҿûʲôƽ̲ˡͷ֮ضԼˣһ㣬ǿҾȳãᦴҲ
Сӿ˵լ念ĳһȣٺһЦװɷнµıʵƽ̲ĹˣҲⲻʱҪҲ˵˿ûзա֯ﵯǺεĺܣǱ
ǡһҪעⰲȫ⻰ˡ
ΨһģһӣԺһʲô⣬Ҳкӡլ念ֲŮ˵·°²˳٣Ϳʼжɣ
ס𣿡ɵɵƫԴüë΢΢
Ȼˣһأ˵䰲լ念ѾŮ˰ڵذϡ
Ǹл˴һŬһŬŬСġ
Ļ˵촽Ѿˡ
ʧ֮ǰլ念˼΢һ¡
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ʮҴ󲿷ʱ򶼲أʲô
ṵ̂۹ֲ漰ΥƷǸ˽͵˰Сˣ°
뵽լ念˵Լǲ˼ȫȫͶ뵽һĳ߹С
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ʮ ʧ״¹
µĺߣǺʵģҹʱ֣Ҳ˿
£ʮƫƧ䣬һصʵʵĴӣǰСԺ˯ʺǷľСɢϣȫеʿҲųǹǽڣö֮͵ֻ޴æŰþߣ˿ҷɡ
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ķ飬ƽ̲˳Ҳи࣬ѡڰҹѲӡ
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СȻ쵼عˣЩ΢ϵ̨Ĳ档
ġҹרΪ쵼Ĳݶϯضɣ˼Ժ
Ÿе㣬˵¶ȣľСܿҲ硣


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ͬʱһСĺˣѾʼȼԺĵˣģѾԺš
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ߺ˿÷˫ץסߵһұǰߡϥмķ϶
ľСԱұˣյѸٳвʹһŵİεնߺ˵ؿڡ
ƺһпһ߳ĴڣѪĽˡ
ȻľСҴҲ˼Һݺݴһ۵۴С
Ⲣδͣ£Ǻݾ󷢣ײġ˫ұһҿ
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ʣǸСӺˣѪƺе㾪֣׳ֻ｣ͳ̹һתˡ
״ľСҪ׷ǿȴߵö
һԶȥһþȫ־ȡ˹ǸԽԽģӰһγԡ
͹գľСգҲɰաɽղ֪Ƿֻ֮šһȻˣ
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ǸСĺˣʯͷ֮ѸٰγʸѪɺӵƨɣһһֽܽǺڰС
״ľСð𣬿ʵ޷ȡ˹䡣
վԼˡ
ʧ׼ͷ֮󣬺˵Ӱȫʧڽֵˡ


ʮһ Ūɳ׾
һ֦ҹ֪ͨ˽ľ档ֱݣҴҪСгϡ
˵Сгǰɷн£ٴУҴټʮˣ·ˡ
һ˶֮裬˽֮ɫ·𲻵£ȻŲ̣ǰǻһ򣬲Ȼȥֳ
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ȴֻմļˡ
Ѻеķˣܣǡ£Բݻ
Сг֮磬ǲĴѰ
ûʱҵʧѪεڽֵϵһѷʿʿϳ˱ǡûɶ£繦δϲϣ񡱵ľСǰھЧ£߹ϵؼ
£СгԹֵġȻ⻰ֻĿ࣬Ȫӿȫң֪룬пġ
ֹƬ̣ʿǽѽСĻ𣬷ּյð뽹ʬ壬ϣмǱǣмġ
ľС̧ůֹѪˮѹ
Сгæſڷʣֲ֪Ӻֻ˵һľô£
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ˣױɹ͹СгȻϵǲһһ٣
ǵġľСΪ죬һû˵֪ˣѵѾ鵽üĿ
죬û뵽Եһȥ
Ȳ˵Сгת⣬ӣôˣǷŻģ
ֵܣûսȻᵽľС˫жʱ̲ס̾һ䣬ɫش˵ˣһҹµĺˣߺһ·ģ໥һͨ
ʲôˣСгԲ۾ʲô˵˵飡
ǣǡľСһһʮ𲽵;ѣȥ󲻵ȱٵԼװ۷ײף֮һ˵Сеˡ
¹УԼǻⲻ΢һ㣬߳͵˯֮£ȥᣬֻ˵ζҩ¡
Сгûвè塪˵Ҳüƽϣձüϸ˼ᡣ
ľСΪٺϲ²˿̱һδõӦûȤӣǰգ˵Ĵ̲סſˣ
˵ǳǽǵĸڣжʮˣֻҪָԽҹĺһ򾡡ϧСȣǾᶯ
˻һΧʱ
һȦ˵ȾԲҽӻ׷׼װæû˵ɶ
Сгֱָ˼ʮգǳ⣬̧ͷľСںȻ뵽ʲôȴסƢǺǡЦһȥƽϣתʿǷǾ͵ѪչѲ飬ȥټ֣һк˲СˣӲԶģҪ׽סǣ
˵һۣͬһﺬ塣
ľС⣬ȴҲŭط˻ȥ

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Բ˵ź
˿ֻǸӣ۵úܣòסʹ飬۴УɤӶˣȴֻҡͷϽ
Сгβҵġרҵʿ
Ȼ˴ʱڴ˿˳һЩ鱨
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СгʧɫϽĸŵƽ֚ҴΡֱ£ͣ㵽ҷ
˷˵ɻǵĳУסǧ˶ʱǧʱһǧһǱȴҲҪ˵ʮ˵ĶܹҵĶĿϰƲܡ֮ڣӸۿڵ¼Ĵ̶ӣֻң˵Ĳ
ȻûϢСг̲ģҪ̶ӵϢһһ̲飬εط֣Ȼû
ٻְΨһķ²һҪ˵ϸ̣ǰСӲͣ޵˵Լһ·Ըڴó˰ֱڷ䲻߶֪ж·ߡ
һʱ޼ƿʩֻøֻصһֳ̺ʽļ
˷֣ǸƨмСһһЩѪ
Ѫֻ˲ٲ͵ȫɼˡ
ԼжϣԷķͷۿڣ׾ǲǣ˭ҲҴƱΡ
Сгʱͷˡ
ԷȷʵǴӸۿڴģȴֲǷ˵Ĵ̶ӣֻֿԡ
һȺӣǻΪ㣬ɢǱġ²Ĺʲ
ڰǱоݵ㣬ǴԶͻϮ빩ʶԲϡ
ôʣΨһԣĺˣ²αװ̶ӣ̴ǻƽּҵľеǰģ
ͲǼ򵥵Ľ¼ˣ
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µǣǱԼҾϵʮߣɵĸƻ
Сг˼ȥúʵأҴΡֱˣ˽飬˵Ѳҳʿ
أҴδΪȻһĴȣ˻ȴ˵ǰҸոǩ֣һ֧ӰԼʵβţǰվʱڿѾһǴϡ
ԾǾֱΪ̺׷أɵ󣡡
ȥ
СгסĴ
Ҳ㣡
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ʵ˵ˣȻô£ȥǰһһ٣ˣƺǵˣǡϷһ㡣
Сг˵ܣʱɥѡ
˱⣬߳ŭָ֮ҪôԷȴǲҷֻܿɥƲ˵ưɣʵиָʾ˵˵ͣɲ룬Ūɳ׾ˡ


ʮ 
ʲô˵ڵǰǰ̶ӵĻ棬ܻ˲
լ念飬ѾԶԶˡʧɫĳ̶ȣеĲڵˤ÷飬ȻֲԾһŲȥ򻬵ײеȥͷʱ
һҲûоۡ
Ϊѱں;ˡ
ء¡ֻǸͨˣֱܷóЩءֱ졭šżȻһЩ󡭡
С籡ڵأѾ޳ˣ˻Ƶý޷˵ˡ
㡭ܼҸˣ֪Ҫ·˻ץĵһҪƫƫǹضģ¿˵ˣլ念ڵϣ˫ץסͷͨ죬ض㣬ɥѣһζλ輧˻
ءĴ״籿޵øѹˡ
ҡլ念΢̧ͷ滨̬һ˲ϧ֮⣬վֱŭȥûµ˵Щкã壬⻹޹̯֮鷳£޺³ˣ
ֻܰеˣܶȹ˽٣ɢҲҲһĨᣬһȥס˵Ĵȣ׸ĸȫƾȫƾʵڣʵڲ̼ǡʲô⡭
εεͶͱǲܾ̾ġ
Ȼлһլ念ʱջڵذһģԾŭʲôʶǮ𣿾ңϽȥҲһסڣʱҲһҪͷ
ԽԽ޲øǰûʶĸһţߴ⣬ǧĵݣվݲȥ̾һһֻԱߵϡ
ԭ̧ͷˮ΢ֹסѾҰ׵úѪɫˡͷˣ˾£˵ҵ壬ǲǣһأ
լ念ã˵ǡ֣ΥĵҡҡͷһҪЩ͵͵ϴġʿʲôͷֻʲôǲǴ¡һκεĹϵ
ǰŮˣҲɡ⻰ûн
Ҳ۵𡭡¶һ˫
Դ˰լ念ûд𻰣Ҳ֪̬س̶ȵһ׶Լղ
ϣĬ˵ġ
ǰֿ޵øˡ
˰죬кȻһ˿εľȻ˵Ϊ׬ȡȡϴġ١ܱ֤İȫɡ
⣿լ念Ŀ࣬·ǵһʶǰŮˣʲô˼룿ôһɾͱɣ޻ˣ
ǣϵɾûˣңҵĻǲҲлԻأ籵ļȻڲͣҲڲϳ鴤ȴᶨ
Уլ念ѿڶ
û檣ȫԼ
µͷ֪ԼŮȥ
ο˼һΪеΡ
ðլ念еİˡ
¶˾ģ͸⣺İɣһ˶㣬壡
£⻰һ㶣ŲϲΪֵֿ̿˳ɱɵ¡ֵΪ
˵ˣϽʰһǻһʱ䲻ܼ棬ͷˣٰ˽լ念նɡ

Сгͷϵͷ֪լ念ѺŶʮ˰ǧʯʳǧʯľġһǧʯеѾβţȥΪս׼ˡ
СܷСҴǩֱ顣
ϣ·ˮʵǴݼٵУլ念һڣ칫£ȻţֻҪƽ˲µԹС
ͷķۼλɷнµؼҴҸϹƺŵòᣬ˵еĿǰԲǵһ
̫˽ˮȴҲܿǰǲõģǽСгһԣʵҪ뽫׷ô
Сüش˵ôĴӣжǺġֻҪǳ˿촬׸ϵֻǡˮִ
ǰ뵽
ͣڵ·ݱȥһ˾͵ôˣοСгֹ
οʲô⡣
СЦžҪشȪˮ±ż·
ʶôˣæǰȥкѯʵֵڴкιأ
±ûŵգˬһЦе¨ӣȻϷСԵ֣ʵǸոȥ˼λ絽һͬΣ
ԺлᡣҴҵز⣬ЩҪ죬ֵܷҿ촬Ӧˮã
±϶ʱΪˣŸֵҼҵĶϢ˵˵Ǹʲô°ɣ
¡Ȼ˵ȥˡ
ףղСгµԭ
˶ˮֱ쵼׵ֻ˼ϡ
һ˼ҿ϶ҪʾĿġ
ĿģҲ֪ʲʺ˵
ֻǻɽڰլҴ棬Ȼʵ֤ݡ
ʺǰ˵
ССгǰ˵ʲôŪɳ׾Ѳʲô֪ܣ
±˵ûж룬ֻΪҪʲôΪ˵ġ˽ЦǺǵ˵ʵһֱϣлΪλЧһģ飬ҪСһЩƽյĺͼƲаɡ
أԽ˵ԽԶȴһɬСгɫӡ
վ಻ססСг˵ͻȻ֣»ûȫáȻȥһ°ɣ
ֻĪĵ±


ʮ ʧأϣ
Ƕ֮棬λܵиصĸ߼ʿ֪Ǻá
ѾܽˣʱȻڲϵ˷š
ǽҡϢ֮ڣȫϣչģѲж˴ʽ׷شӣ
ֻȰس̶Ȳø֪ùٻ֮µӰֻͣβŰжأ
ѡȥӣӦԹƣܱŲǿ
и򣬷˵±֮ģ֪˵ʲô˼Ȼһ򹧾ϾеλݵĹûкʵɣָӵö
Ȼƽ̲˱ڴˣǵǲҪɾͿԾɽˣ֮⣬ûȨ
ڰǵλ߼ʿȻ᲻еĵֻǸԵݶΣûȷ˳ͷȱ˵ĵ˾ϣҲ˵ڡ
СгһˣᣬȻӣиȻвͬŵ
ʸβˣҲȻʧֱ۵Ĺϵ˾ӶߡʮˣϲʲôʵȨ
Ҵθ˵ǸΪĺڹԱȴҲֻǸڹԱѡ
СͷӸۿڻ֮ʱ䣬˴ӸϢ֪լҵĴǺԤ׵ʱȡݼ٣ǰβǰߵġ
ٶȻǳɵġ
ɶδɵ⣬ӣҲ۲
ƽ֚ȥ֮ʱδרŰһӪ󽫡ܹܸ֮λҲûҪ
ǣµͷ˾߻ڵѡ
СгӼУִթȡȨټصмɲȻȫһֱ棬Է̬񻯣ͬʱǿнˮڵıȨѡ촬ȥ׷լҵĴӡ
ҴȽϹ󣬷ıƣܲͬС飬෴ΪӦýʵ鹫ȥôڶ뵽ץжɣ㲻ò⡣
˶ףȻ᲻ʲôҲ޷˵ˡ
ֲ£Сг겻ѣܵȥʷľֱͼ£λӵĲΪԼĿ
Դӵˡ÷衱Ǻ֮󣬼ʿ簲࣬ٽ˼ŵĻʱʱߡ˷ѲҰȮˣίΪĴ̽ҳľ԰ĵġ
˼άδ˻
˴º󣬾ֱ棬ȡκСĽ룺ȷҪټҪˣĿŵؿƣҪ֮£۲Щ˵ķӦϡͬʱҪóзȷʵˮ·ߵ֤ݣСѲ֮ӹӵָȨ
һ˵ǷӦȽѺá
ʾͬСҲܽܡ
ϽҲʺϳеߵΡ
鲻˳Ϊ˴ʿҲǱøϴ֮ĳͽˣӣҲҵ̫Ϊ
ҳǣһô۵㣬ӰɾԶˡ

һʱ֮󣬰լ念˿
βţȺֵĹض˸ϽؼңȻҸȫӵص㣬ŰѶӦҴºúһҲ鲻ˡ
ʱլ念Ѿ²µС˽֮£˽̶ġѲ˹ϵ
ʵʮ˲õĴ飬һ¶Ļĳ輧籣ʹûҲҪʯţ߶βİϼ¡
Ҳûʲôֱ˵¡
լ念ܽĽ֣Ա뾡ȥۼ
ǸĻ˵ֻǷΥƷ˽ˣ֪ʲôʱ˲ġ
Ȼ㹻˵˾ŵġ
˲˲鵽һ
ȵȣ
լ念Ȼһ˼άеä
ôɣһ㶼û˵ĻΪʲô׾ȫȻأ
ԭǣ˻԰֮ڡ
Ȼƭң
Һ֮İң໥ôκթŵִͳ࣬޸Իȫһġլ念Դʮš
뵽ʱԾ΢Цһ¡
ȻЦˡ
Ȼ뵽һ˿־Ŀԡ籹Ȼƭң壬᲻һֱƭأ
һʲôһִŮӡ֪Լʵ
֮˶ӡɣȫվסŰ
ΪʲôȻ˵ɵ£ΪʲôҪô׾ӵĽڣ

˲ضı
˵ƽּҶѾ˼Ҳֵˣڼģܶᱻ
ҪȰլңҪȰ籣
լ念һ˲ʶáƽּҹȥҪñˡ
һʱصգҵ˶ɫίٵİ籣طԸǸҪϰһȫϸͣڷжɣ
籵ϹȻ¶͵֮⡣
լ念аʹ§˵Ժ󡭡ұ֤Ժ²ٷˣ⣬ʮ⣬Ҳòһ㡣
أۿ˲ˣͷȥĬãոո׼ЩģϿʼһڷûԹˡ
֮լ念ϧ֮𣬵ͷһŮ˫ֲţһµСʳУͷܡ
ʱְ֮Ժˣ֣صؽӹʳУ򿪣ȵСͷŽСؾ׽


ʮ ʧأ£
͹Źɽǡ
ĹʷɨѣʱΪͨתվʿᡢС̡ۣŮڼ䡣
Ϊ˸лƽ̲ˡ棬񵹴ʵ֮٣͹صĹǣۼǧˣϵĳʤţҪЭֿġҵԸµͲ˳죬ΪȡڹϷŲϵĻȨû취Ҳֻɲǧٱ롣
һƽ֚ŵḺȫ̵
ǣһӵĹ֮󣬲ﵽ¡ѷƻҪȡϽŨβšһս
Ȼڿ֮ʣȴȻֽѾټˡȫָֹʾ
˷Ϧģȫ¾Ȼԣʴӡ
رǸ·ġѾ͡;
ҳͨޱ飬侲˼򵥵һ仰ȻתߣûѯʵĻᡣ
ţ֯ﳤϢʱʧɫڹϾͽеĪҵδעĵطʲôѵľ䣿Ǻã
һ£ͷʤͲɲž㶼סˣһûɶǸΪ֯ﵯ׵ܣһȴ֮һ棬̲סʡ
ĹʮӴ汣󾩡㴨֮Ҫ侲öˣԼǼƽ̲˵Ļη֮⣬Ȼɻȴδ
ƽ桢дһϡǳҰҼΣ󲿷ֵһš챾ҳǣȻǶԼĵģȻʱҲⲻЩȻʧ롣
ﳤѾһ࣬Ҳô˽⣬ԡͷϡԾӣҪȺŲԼӰ
ҲԪٶȱһ㣬ǰǰƵ̲˺ε˽ܣѵľ䣬˼ֶΣ˶ҵʲô޷ʰ¡
أĹɫ׷ԻȻ˴˻֯ﳤ桢ʤɲŵΪ壬ҲǸŸϽͷӶҲԪס˵鱨
ڴʱҲԪ׺һЦһתȻҵӹµˣ̲հԶһʱҲ⡣ȥΣ
Ǿ鷳Ҳˣ
ʶͷͬһƽּҵ챾ҳ
ﳤżȻǵԼΪĹܴ١ݣ˳ػˣæɫд塢ǳҰʾ⡣
дһϺͼٽӦһһҴܵҲԪԣ˵šôͷһػϴ´¡֮Ļס
ҲԪ׼״Ųæ·֮УԱ⣬ȴȻһ죬һ㶡
ԭڽ䲻עӣòײż¶ģҵҪʣΪƳ֮սҲȥʲУλ벻Ҫ
һֵͷ
̬ˣȻû˻ǴҶӡҲһ㡪ȻҲδá
룺֯ҵֿ֪֯ûôʹˣٲģܵӦʱ
˰̲׼׼ҹϵ㱾кιҵƵģȹϵλΪˣ

ʵҲǺίġ
ʱĽ಻̫Ծ
֯ҵͬŽ֪ˣԸֱƵĵһԾŶʮֿԶƽ֚˵ĻԭŲɵġ
Ͼɵ
תһȦĸµĹ򣬲δԸʹԮյִβţֻõһα۵ĳŵ
Ļѣȥ쵼ҶԿģ⼸æűձ̲ɽǡڶĹڡ
ػƽ֚㣬ʵʵɳԮȥ֧֯´ģ⼸ȴǽ֮£ϣռŹɽǡ
λǣ޲캰´壬ԺԲ̫һ¡
ҲͰˣҲָɶ׵¡
ƽ֚㡭֯ﵯõľɳβžѣҵ׼׼ңϵʮУС͸ֵһദ
ƭɾ̫˸顣
֡úĪºԼܾԼǲǱˡ
ڻͷ룬ǲңû취֧Ԯ֯𣿻ԴΪڣչأ
ֱݲ˼
ĥϸڣҲ׷ֻǶƽ֚㣬˽⣬Ͻ֯ǰﺢǵˡ
Ұƽ֮ûٳ۶ӣʱڹ滮ˣʲôҲ׼׵һжڳķչ
Ȼʽ֮ǰʮʱƽ֚ͻȻһжȡԭشķӦ
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ʮһ磬СгװӸϵŹɽǣһϵ¹͡

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ҵϵĲҪʱ䣬ʱƽ֚ҪνǶȵĸӰ졣
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ƽ֚΢Цؿ١־硱ȻʮʽҳЩһֱĬĬţҵҵʱûеõεɵǣҪżǸѪȫṼ֮ʿģ
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ΪɽʱںͽĻ꣬ɣһ̵ˡ


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ʮ ׺
ģ¶ģβšӡԶڣĵټƽ־ͻһֱڴս
ڳҲԪ׳ɹ֯˵ŭ֮ƽ֚һϲĳŵΪ֮һ
ոϵҲ˳£ʩôҵʵڸмϼ¶꣬˼Ҹеˡ
˵⻰ǻգְ࣬һѽ飬һдӲдա
Ͼƽ֚ôŰ裬ʢˣйڸ⣬Ǳһزеġ
ҵ˵ĻᣬԵλ֪ƽ̲йǽһŵǧԳеǳĺʳԶʵˡ˵ǰˣȻѾȡʤ֮˶Դ˼Ųɣˡ
⻰ǰǻӲĲ̫ƣ͸¶һɡζ
ƽ֚룬Ц
̶ֳȵ壬Էϡ
ǡ֯ﳤɱŴԲ̬ȣȻϾԶǿ֮ĩ³ɡֻҪ־ɳǣͬģܽӸϳǵļ԰
һ翵Ĺ£ʵҲޣ˵ͬûĳĳӣһ´ڸõģҲָ˻Ӧ
ϳ˷·ȥˣʵ˵ĻȻǺеģҲ֪ǰ߾˲Ϣ䣬ʿиΪս˼漰ľһжǵȽֹԼСÿ֧פںεأһںʱ뷴ЩŪˡβ⹥Ӧޣƽ̲ԼĴҪˮ·ҽ飬֪࿤ı߽紦ţһȣȥͼᡭһЩȮɽȡòȿȷͬսĿ꣬ҲȽϱڲ͹Ȼ˵ؿЩСѣϾǴ̣һСġλڱˣҲֻܳˡ
߶߶ģǹûʵɣЩɵ֮¶
æó˵ͼָ֪ϲԻİ뵺ֵ˵βŶǵȮɽǣ˼ƺƽּҽӽӣһΪᵽȥźá
鵹ǿġȵռȵΪ˽辣ݵ壬ѾζսѶԵѹȫ׸Լ
̬ȿ˲
һʣͱˣҲԪס֮󣬲ҽˣȴְڳ̬ƤҪˡ
˵ˣǳ׼ƽ֚ǸҪˣûӻһ֮ġ
˭ȥҪŹ˵ŭأ⻰Ѵйˣֻǵңͱвһտڰ׻ûʵжò׳ˣȴ·ȥۻô룿
̲ô죬ΪҲԼˡ
ǰǡе˼
ƽĶۣ˵ıݲ֮ᡣȻƽ֚㲢δŭЩпϾһȷʵΪ֯ң棬Ƥּۻۣƽϡ
𿴷ׯµ̬壬ʵǸͷ˷֪޷գվˢһڸеġ
ˣȥʮز˵£һ棬ҲԼķʽƽ֚ԹԼϣⲨ֯ҡ
Ǵ˵㣬ֵù
ʱ֯ﳤüǰָŵͼ˵һԣ̲ˣڵÿվ貹ķΪңֻǻַŲƽǿ̫ˣԹΪأ㷽ŵ飬Ҿв֮Ϊأ
컹ֱ棬ȴ˵ˡ
Ϊ֯ﳤѾֱ߾֯ҡ
˼ȷʵʸ
бҲͶ̥ȥ
֯ҲϽ֯ﳤΪ常֯ﳤȴȻϽ֯Ϊһ¾ͱˡ
ЩβϳǣܴǰôǸһڣҲòϣһڶ˵֮
֯ҵɫҲ˴Ϊ滺ʮѺõĻӦ常˵ö԰ʱ滮ȷʵһЩ©֮ʵƽ̲֮ǰҲûʲôɽģԣڲ
̶ŷԣʲųĻʵеʵѾȻùڱءȻһǰҪʮãܿǷ֮¡ʮ֮ڣȷʵԣҪưŸפͷĻ֡
֯ﳤüԥһû˵
״ƽ֚Ѿ׼ڣ߸ոȥõĳҲԪ񵯻һ࿪˵λһںò˵ˣǿĵѵ𣿽ƻֵ֮ͬǰѵӦȷսָ˵ǻʣӽ˵սҷˣôӴľһҪкʵܴ󽫲а
ܴ󽫡ʶԣҪֹȴҲʵĴʡ
Ȼƾƽ̲ҲԪһȻı飬ת֯ʩˣҾǶκ˿Ĳ֮⣡˶֪ΪĴϾսָӲܣսʤƽ̲Ტۡ

֯ƿԣҪͷĹ˵Ļеġ
ɫʱˣݺݶųҲԪףǰ˼صͷȥǶ벻ʲô˵ġ
ոճһηͷһҲû
һֱԹ۵Ũ˷Ӧ
Ϊ׵İؾͣʩ˹ƽ̲ѫ˭֪أܴ󽫣Ұؾķڷ˿ɡ
ʱ򣬱Ŀĵˣһοˡ
ƽ֚׶ԳҲԪҡҡͷת֯ʩ΢Цһ£ڣлҲͰڵΣ¸ġȻұϾѾ뿪βδˣóȻʲôܴ󽫡ֻǽ֪֪淴кֻˣɣҲǫ顪ԣˡʵͬľƣǸʵΪսõģģҲֻĴ·Զѡ
ǣȲͷ
֯Ҳ˲ϵĺ顣
˻ǰĻʧأ׷һ
Щۣգ±ѺãŽ
֯ҵǣһӶβ˱˾ˣ˵Ϳģʮֽò˿˼
ｲ˰֣ҲԪҪҧˡ


ʮ ׺ģ
һźۼǹݺ֮֯ҵ˽ףƽ֚ûĿŵΪȡλѾһڣָûǲҪΪϡ
עڿԻص²
֯ҵױ̿ͼΪµԮǽһĿǰľơ
ҼʤᦳǡҲֳǡСɽرأʿԼˣֹβʤǧھݣǵľڡǹҰɽһǵзĲͨݵ˰ء
ӹڣѷǧɵ´ſ¹˧غһߣԸΪף쵽ɽǡǡԭǸפΪзɽزŸǧˣֱռϡ档
Զ֮У´ӵǧرɳǣиǡٶǻΪǡ˵ڶˣԶϸλ޷֪ŷǧפؿӣϺ·ݡ
ǰ鱨˺׹ȳǵˮҰҺȻ޹ʧȥϵ̬ɣҼҵ޷Ӵͳ·߽̽±仯·ʵĿжϣӦûдģж
Ƶ񴨵ңȡȻԱ࣬ٿȷβŵϵжϣŨԶϣҼͣԵ֮ޣɽѲܹ᪸ԶвΪ󻼡
սֲ׵ĹҪͻԳĽԮıҪԣֲܹʾ±ӣȺѰա
ĿڲŲãĿʵûдﵽ
ǰؾ⣬϶Чúܶ࣬ǡ֯С顱ڴ
ܵֹס˵ˡΪҪְ鱨ѼǾ²ı
﷢Եë㡣
ûƽ֚һӦָȻҶݳǣȻǮ֧ӦȻԶԶ޷ǰƽǻԮ֮󣬹սԷʤİǧر
⻰֪Ƿ񾭹ڲ۵ĽۣȥЩġ
ҲԪ֮ԱǣλëԲӣҰģʮĥһȻڵѹǮľģôôڲ޷ǰ
ëʱɫƣƢʣ˼أ
ҲԪһЦҿһǰءƣҾѣֹɵһеҲ
ëɫˣżҺгҲڴˣһۿƹơ˵̣окأ
ҲԪ״󷽷ҡҡͷܼҳէô˼ҵıֻи򵥵ĵϣȥ£ͲҪȥͯ׵ĵѡ
ȼȻֽˡ
ƽֻ֚Ҫ֨һҲԪȻҶѾ˽ˡ
һĽȫˣ֯򲻿˵ģǰƽϢˡ
ϴʱǽĵҶһվˡ
Ҳ£Ϊػĺܣǣ
ʱ廰֯ҸеȻҲ죬ҲŨˡؾͺϼҲȫʮ⡪˵õĹͬˣأզ·ƣʸ֮
ȻҶһˣһǸֱƥ̲Ϊ£һҪ˭Ҳס
ƽ֚㵹Ǻֶ²˵̬ȣҲԪ׽ܵߣŨĵҶһյʱҲ˵ǶġλĿһҪú
ԭˣҲԪŴԣʮ֣صذ빪ʾ𾴡
Ҷһ룬еɫ¶ϧ֮⡣
ϾȻͬȴͬǹɱˣ
ꡢؾһࡰ䡱ġ͡Щ˵ӡ
ȻԵ棬ò֮ͣʵǿܵġ
֯ܾҳɳĻ䣬֤ܴҴʤ֮ǰҲδܻðսء
ȿȣѸߵĵҶһɤӣӹͷ˵Ҳ˵úеҲΪĿǰǵзݳǵλҾóȻȻмƣȻ
ȵĻҪԷһ䡰Ȼ˲棬˵ʲô
ڳλƽ֚ͳҲԪףľ˵ˡ
Ҷһƺ治̫һˮɤӣżڣϷжϣõһʯ֮ƣҵȹǣʵʩֻһһ桭ӡԶʲôʣſһٽ´ҡ
һٽЩˡ
Ĭ˰ɵʢȴȱֻռݳ򣬲Ұ׷Ե´Ҵлأ˥
ˣǰǼҶʧ˹³ܼ꣬ĵ´ֱȵǿ٣οδɺ͸أ
Ҷһƺм˶˽̸ֻת֯Һƽ֚ʩһ侲˵λӦ֮⡣
㰲Ȼ£βѵǰˡ
֯һӷˣ֪˵ʲôáëҪѣϧԼûܵһʱס
״ƽ֚̾һŵҶһǷ˼ҵƢʼδ䣬Ȼδκʵݣͻѵɲֱ֮ʿѽ
ҶһȻһЦصϷֻǾ¡
ʱ˲ŷӦ
յҶһĹ۵㣬رԶӣΪʹ´ġȻһ룬һգͲóȻж
ôһ롭
ȻֻһƲĿԣ˶ͷϷ׷
һ´ĵǱ˵ݣβܱܲסǸ⡣
βһסŨ˻᲻֧֯ϣҲǸ⡣
ؼʱһηԣƽ̲ˣиλһһɨȫȷ˴󲿷˵עżϳоųɰգ´ʱήģ
ΪΣ֯ҵѿڶ˿ѹ˲ӡ
Ǻǡź룬һЦһ£β󸨱Ҽȡ֮󣬵´ϡʱƽϣһµʱľɣ
ƽҼҴͬˡ֯뵽´йıľһӸˡ
šʱףǵҲȻ겹ʵƽڶβű߾ǿϮţȻһһסȴҲҼΪաڳϮһ֮˫Žͽˡ
˵ǣرǣÿնΪƽĶͷöѣƽ֚Ȼ˻ŹһЦӴУܿ´ӵҿ磬أ꣩˵´ʱΪȻ
ڳĬƬ̣һʱ⣬ΨгҲԪ˼صͷһҪ֤ԼʵõӦеغ󣬲ſϸĻͥԸšλ´ӵҳƣֵþﰡ
ƴ˽ڣ˲ŷ׷׹
Ǿ֯ѾԺˡ
Ҫƽ֚ʮƽ˵Ҫһ⣬̸Ц֮䣬ȴĪĲɵζ´ʱǲᵹģһ֮󡭡˵ˡ
ĻõӦ
Ũǧ׳ʿΩԸһѩǰսܵĳ裡ƽ̲˵ľӵˣѵʱҶһ¡
ˣҪһν౸ǵǲԴ۰򣡡ҲԪ׿
״ˡرβˣҲϽվʾģֻ˵Ļܾòˡ
ڴĿ⿴һֱͷꡣ
һһʮˡ
걾Ѿã׼ͷ¶棬ɼ״վ̲סĺĵ˫ЧӦλض֪ϷͨǹɭɳɴĴڵģȴһֱûϴóվϼһһӣŵԿǰȥɣ


ʮ ռͷ
Ҳ˵ڲ˽ӡԶʲôȴҪǿʿûɣ
һֱûпβ״еʤҿ˰죬űôһ仰
һӾ͸ĦȭƵһưˮ
Ȼʵˣǵôʣǳ˱۵ԤڰؾϽӹͷЦΪѵı飬ڵ´϶ԣûϢõϢأǲδ߸ɴ൹꣬ʹˣ
˵ҲʤڴһûĻȻͷˡȥԴƺһƬңȫ·ġ
ȻʮѣƾλĶ־һ֯ʿķɰɣؾǻлˣưʵᣬ˶ս²á
֯һȻܵšλҶҲǰ;еӡΪηΨְ˼ҵ
ȻݳǵԸѹһУԸһġ
ųνӣýӰ˳ΪһȱǻͨȴִͳҼֵ۵ꡣ
Եطʵɱֳĸ֯ѵõرֳǿӲ̬ȣȻٵϳɳأ֪ġڣǷҪѾ˽ۣҪ۵νԷԵʱͳԼע⡣
ؾȻԵʮֲӦһʱ޷ӦƬ֮عæڵأսս̬ڳƲҡ
֮ƽ֚идħҵĹԵҲܰͰ࣬𲽶Ÿ´ûġ
ϧ
˿֯ʾ¿ʼս档
ǳǰ棬ŵͼһڵβųӡԶĻƲݳǵģʵ̫ҪԳҾʱϮź·Էǵȶݳǲɣ
⻰˽ģҲ޵ɳҲԪ׷·Ҫ̧һҡͷϱıηη¹ǡǺò״ںĹһ֮ʦͻȻڳĥƣ֮ڣµòʧ
ü˵̳Ҳˣкθ߼
ҲԪ׳˼Ƭ̣ʵݳǵǽԫ״Σ٣ˮǷͨ
⻰ϽӲȴûش
׵ǰɬ´֮ݳǷһȷϳڡȥڵֿĿģǿ¾Ǳ˸ġڴӸ潲¶µļˣ
˵⣬֯ҵļҳǷ׷¶ӵɫ
ҲԪʣǷʲô˲֪ĺŰأ
ǰҡҡͷݳƽǣɽǣȻЩ
ҲԪʣʱڳĻǻа취˵ǻת⡣
ǰҿЦвϥͶģûһУҲʮǰƽ̲˾ǿƣҼսʤ˽Ԫ
ҲԪΣû취ˡ˭ϵݳǾȻأ
֯ҵϵıˡ
֯Ҳһһؿھ˵
Ĭһ֮ƳĬʵ뿪βЩˣ֪ˮ·ΣǷлһԮӡԶ´ϻϣ
ֻֻ֯¶ɫԥſڵĿǰŹ¡ҵĿˮսƣ·ĿȨ˫н棬㹻ֻɣ
ƣƽ֚΢ɣʵսѾˣ˫ˮһֱž𣿡
û֮֯䣬۽ǵķȴһţЩ˫ˮһֱţûгʤİգԾ潩֡
ԭˡƽ֚װȻ
ƽ֚´Ѿ³ǾŹ¡Ǽһڸ㡰սһ£
֯ҵķӦȷҲܹȥ˰ɣ
ƫƫûʹ˼ҿס᪸ǵСҲˣתͶ
ǼһԸɵó¡
Ҳѹ֣֯ˡ
һڵ֯ź֯նһۣǰ̽˵˵һЩԣ˵ҲԸͬʱ֯´սֻҪҼҳŵٲӡԶ֮£ôݳǱͻβŰ˿Ҳص
޻̸֮û˵꣬ŵذŭݺ֮ѵҪ˵ӵֶΣǿЦˣ֯ųڴˣ˵ֻˣҪߣ
չ˼һڵ棬ûнһ룬֯ź֯Ѿɫˡ
֯ҡԭҲǷŭĻʾͷڴˡ⼸֣һ¿
ֻǿܽǣ˻ᣡ⣬ţúòһ£˭ɢֶ񶾵ҥԣĿǰʱڣ漰ε֮ˣҲ׷ף
ǣһԵ
˻һζŸղŷԵһڣʮϿ̲顣
ĲЩʲôϹʵǺľƣǲ롣
ǿԽ
ҲԪѾ¶Цݣ·ǿϷһ顣
棬ɴ۾úӶˣϧھսϣʵûɶԵš
ֹƬ̣֯ﳤΪΣ˵ȻǿȡȴֲܲǿɷҪƿݳǣֱӡԶеرȻ·
췽ҹ̷Ҷһ񶨣ʤ֪֮ˣ¾Բѷ丸һҶйˡôױֵͼȦزأǲǻҪβ˻ʱ򾿾˭˭ɾͲһˣ
֯ﳤʱΪȣ°ޣȴòװ˵̬ǺһЦԭ˰ҿ޽ѡһȷʵ˼ǲˡ
֯ҴԲ常Ʋߣϸϻ̫ʵ֣ҲʧΪһչķ򡭡ȻҶҲһֱôɿ
˵Ҫһ£ȴֱߵĳɤ
ڱķŬȡһµĻʤ뿪ݣȴҲȫ޿ܵġȡ鱨ֵһԡ޹Ҳδ̫ʧƽ֚˼û˵θںȻһת̧ͷ˵ҪģǾؽͨѶ˽ӡԶʵϵ´һжò⡭Źˮ׼ʱȥһôʱȻǡơĻôҸһҪġǲǾܴƾأ
˻ڴãȻĿעӵУƽ֚ȴǱͣϸ˵ˡ


ʮ ʤ´ſһ
ݳǣֳơǡԲټ䣬⹲Ĳ㣬ԭǶǰ˹ҵľΪβĿػؼ۶ᣬ̶ֱ֯ųǿȡ
ձΪ˵صĹ;βŶ༴νĿĹ
֯ųˣľĻδݳȴѾ˼ҵơ
ǲ׺ɣ
β˱ϵСɽҲ֡ʤᦸǴض㣬ʹ飬ʱ޿̲˼ش˳ǡ
ǣȥҫŰʤݳǱ֮Уȴûйϱֳôˡ
ȻԶԶûеתĳ̶ȣȻŲСѹ
Щѹǰߵʤһ˳еġ
ϣӽԶΧ˵´ҿıɳǡ
ɽءǧˣѹȵ´ſĸǡ
ΨݳǵʤҪƾ°ǧʿ䣬֯Ĳвƽ֚Ԯ
ν⡣
˵ȻսȻܵȥѵ񣬼ȻУҲ޿ɺǡ
ΪʲôöĿۻأ
ڸոմ֯ͷʢ֮ʣȻͱáˡ
ʤ˳ɱݳǣޱԺͨϢ׼ٽȡ᪸ȥģӵĻظܺ棬ȴдţԭشرݳǣȴӡԶಿ֮ȫᣬٿʼһж
һưˮֱõϡ
ϵľʤҷȻҲȫһд󣺡챾ӣҰսسǻЩסȻĿǰصӡԶһ븸״˿ǣɽءЩḻĽسǣսأ
֮ӭһĸϰڡŨ¡ӣ̸ټҵϲ
˲Ż˵֪ǰƣȷʵίȻֻӵʱ˸һ潲оҪСģ󻻽Ǵɻ䣬һ桭ǰ£׿ڶ˵ܵίмֵģս˳Ļºǿݣ˵зӢˣնĻҳӡԶͷɽءࡢλ˶м뾴֮ġպȾӼҶ֮λ档
ϲˣģòǸµ񣬵൱ڲŸǷǷʱʼĩ渵ȥʮ˵
ˣʤ˵ˣϽ˴£óӪõʳдλղЦݵؽ֮׽
һʱ̸Ц̣ôˡ
㷹֮󣬰šղˡ˯֮ʤȴŭյԼķ䣬šŷᡢ뼣ʤʣͷλԲɽءࡢˣȻҵļ̳Ȩɣ
˵ղϲϢ͸¶ˣӣҪϷȥֺЩسǰǰ̬ȲװˣҲǲϸ˵ʵ飬ߣյǲСķ࣡
żҳŴԣһ㶡
Ҳû̫ʱ䡣
Ͼس̬¶ǳ¡
ҵļ̳Ȩ⣬һ׮ͷ
ĵճţʣĿִ̫֣Ϊ˸񴨼֮Ĺϵٱͼ߱°ܼһ׶͵
մףĿäȻ¡һӤǽȫˡ
֮ѾŲᡣ
ʣ¶ǹ̳ȥӣй̸ŨüҵʤǲžŵģԱյΪŵ¼̳ˡ
ڣȴӣò˵Ǹľٶ
ǡá֣״ҳŨ֮䣬ǵ˵ĸҡ
΢֮ʵһѾ
Ӧ֮ΪԶ֧һڵŷ翪ڣΪ˱ȽϽҲܱأ̫ǣİֻҪǺúðգлŤתɽءࡢλ˵뷨պ˽⵽۲ŴԣȻĹġ
أʤĬȴƵسˣˡֱԣ˾پ͵ǽøҳȡǵ֧֣ӣɲܿһͻжжͻҾЩسδػ˾ǵθֻԽԽ󣡵ʱȻλȴҪˣ
⻰Ȼ˵ʤ˼͵̧ͷ˸ΣյĹߡ
ŷΪӦ˵͹λس֮ġ
üͷΪȻŷ˶𣿿֪ۼĵʣҼҵسɲֻԼҲмԵЩһͷȻԴԴһΣ񣬸ĻᣬԴ˻ȡ֧֣ôأǲҪױһֱѵλãܱ֤ҳǳϵ֧֣
ŷе㱻˵һʱԶԣһŻش˵˵Ҳ޵һֱԼҳʩȷʵĳЩеĽ˼ҪòسǷӡ
˵ʤͻȻ俪ڣһҲȫӸ״˵ȻҸΥֻǻִеĹУذճ߶Ȱˡλ·ҲⰵвһԶ¡
ʤʹƫ鱨棬Ĭлɽ˵еоʵӡβŸҥԣ˵Ҽһ֯ͣǡ֯ӡԶΪУ黹ݳڵβȫ
ʲôʤȻŭ¾Բɳ棡ȡݳǣΪȥɽءǵӡԶ
ߺߡɹǸϲ˵ϢƲ⣬ҥԣҲδؾͺ޸ݰؽӹͷⲻǸ׵ĴﵽĿ𣿳ѹóȥ
ŷЩãԣҪķԸ꣬Ҫȡ⣡
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λҵұۣѪȻһʱ˵˻˳ͻҲ뿴ҵķϣҪˣ֮ģʤȫȻġʤǴԲźȻѹ˵ʵиΪܵ飬ʱûü֪ͨλڽ磬ҴĳɮյһݼεܺǾ󲻵


ʮ ʤ´ſ
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ҺɽԼĺӼƽϡ
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ĸһ˲䣬ʯ϶ʱһҲ΢ı飬ͷװһȥΡ
٣һֵĵ´ſǿģǾ͹ˡ
ʯɷнµعʩһ˵ϸһ£֮ǰܺа˼ڿˣ
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һµ쿴֣ϸϸ˼죬־ʦ˵ģͦԵġ֮УȷʵôһЩ޵İʾ
丸Ȼͬ´ſʲôгǸˣԵºܿһ˵ȻֵԭˣҺʯĸ״ЭҶһûʶһ˻£ǿɴ
ǣʯ֮䣬·гȻԴȴԾһεȥյ֯ڵǵ´Եֿ˵ģսʱǿߵͷΪɳ֮¡һҪչʾԼļֵڣȮߣҲҪŬΪ׶ĶȮٵĿҼҵ֮
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ΪһʮĶĿϹǿִԼɫʵ߼˵ڵʱⲻ˳ĸо
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ʯ֪ʲô̬͵ҡҡͷⲢңǷ߻ļı
ĸ״𣿡´ſЩԸţȵذĿתɽѽˣȻ໥ĿԣϾսô໥ȡأ
ӱġɽŴɣ΢ЦĶӵļ򣬡ͨһӵɮģλɮ˺λһԵ˵ܹġ
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㡭ǸܽӴҵĺУǲҲõ
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ӳµĳ˰ˣзԵøɮͨѧʣѵǱׯϣǷһΪ񴨼ҵĹŮ
ȻɽսˣֻͽʵڿտգիӼĸɮվЩ֮⡣
ʯӡòƤҡʫ棬Ȼһ㣬ȴǸֽƵӲʣ䣬εһʮ˰ʮƣûһʹòġǣƽع߳˽Цģ˸һ³֮ĳɾ͸ҲΪǿҡ

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Ǻǡɽһ㶣̶ЦˣʦδҲ̫ˣǺεȵйϵôźҪ˿ɶԲĶˡ
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ǰֻҪڳ̬˰˱ԹԷ
պȴǺ޸ҡҡͷʾᶨľܾ²ңԴҵ˵ˣҪΪʹܼ硣ŵĻԼױʡ
ޡǺιأ˵ɽѾĵȻص̬ʰܺһû¶żӡ
ȻΪȫˡ˰˵·ǷƵģ̬Խˣ΢Цƶɮڶй֮ڣ߶꣬Щ΢ʱϳλţʵ̫ˡǽС΢ˣɲô
Ϊͻ㡪⻰ɽһƣû˵ȥĿͷڲס飬ʵôҵ׼ʲôʦλأǸΣ߱ڵˣ
˭ƶɮҲ֪˰ȻڳƲ̸֪ȻаյӣȻʤĳŵΣƶɮֻֻ֪֪ҵѷһҪϸ齬ϴɹ֮͹Ƿʲôֽ־֮С
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⻰ɽڱﲻס͵ŭضǰĴС
˰ˣǳ˱ѩ޵Ŀο֮ģسԲˣҵƶɮת˴˼¶ֵи֮˫ŻкӮλʹӺڰеʼ֤ԼʵɣձԾڴ˰ɣƶɮˣ
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Ϊһ㣬ȾҪǸֻᱧ֯ҴȺ۸Լ˵ڹС
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ǿɱˣ
ɽֻΪġȻ˵´ſĻ֮ȴӣһ䣬ڣĲµʱǴӳ飬ԺлԸƽּҵСģȻҲл֯ҵĶŮظ


ʮ ʤ´ſģ
ǿӳµĳ˰ˣ´ſǣߵӦòˡŷΪһڣĺ˰ˡʵ֮ǰҲģʵԼԶסǲһ䣺ʲô仯ֻ޷˳ĿĶѣڶҼʲôΣ
ŷˣδҲ̫šǣʾ֪λ˰ˣҵļ̳ȨʲôǷڰȷֶ֧ݺҵȣǺأ
Ӧòᡣ鱨ļʤԴԥ֮ĿˣλŴʦȻԨԴǳһ򲢲֮¡Ա˽Ϣκζλв֡
֪Ҳŷͷʾͬ˰ˣڿӶ꣬ЭҼ񴨼ҵ⽻񣬺ҾѣŻ£ֻͬй䡢ŴʦĻˡ
ݶλԣˡ᲻ûзɻ󣬷Ӿ裺һλüǰͲµĸɮȻ͵ôܵ鵱Уôе㡭˵´ſôϵλ˰˵أ


ŷͼʤʻٱһȴʤ˻֣۶ϵԣȷΡ
ȿڣֻܵͷǣ޷ٱ硣
һϲŵǸýԴ£ʲô
û˵꣬ŷͼʤϱԳΪȻ֮⣬ֻǲϡʤȴû˼ҡͷʲôĻҲ̫˷ѻˡңԵùڵų𣿡
ǡпǸⲼúõ尡ἱù˲𱰣סԷ½˵껰ŷӦæȥǸ
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ˣʤ˷ܵز´֮УԶɵĵ֮֯뷴֯ɵ·֮ڸɺ;ճԹǲ´ҿ֮԰ȥɳǣѸĶӣΪԶĹںܲȶҪѹƣôĺǡ൱һַɣŽᵽ˶ĿߣԼз֮ͥƣ
Ϊһ鱨ļҳʤʶԵзڲ˵ͷͷǵıְгЧ
ȻҲ˵ӹǸʵڲ㣬͸̫Ѿͬɸһˡ
ǡڼֱص·ߣһһ
һ˰һźΪ𸴣κšź䵽ĳЩҲƣڳԵԵгǶѡʤž⣬ʶ嵶ĵӹͷһ桭ʤʵҼǵ´ҵҷߣŹһ̽ӡ
ûڵ´ҷɽߡʤȻ𸴣ͬʱ¶ɫֻǸΧ̽ӣٰɵ͵Ůѣƽʱ棬Ҳ޷Ƚϸӵ񡭡
취ȷһ³˰Ƿյ´ſίСҪܽһȫԷҡʤһһ˸Ѷȵżҳʵ𣿡
ʵǡʤʲ˵ȴҲ˵С
ŷ״ԲȻ̫ǵ£һΧ̽ӣȷʲôҪ¡һֳɣ
ʤǿҡͷҶŷ˲ǵ֣ͲǲˣûкʵɣҶδʹöοһʧڸƹʲôҪ鱨ʧ»ŭġ
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ʤʳ˼Ƭ̣ǵи˽֣ɻûʲôջ񡭡
ǺǡʤЦʱǣǸǱʮġ͸̣һŨˣһü׾죬ȥᡣϸƽּҴ֮£ǿɻǵã⹤ŶŪġ
Ǹﰡ
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ʤ΢е㲻ʣǰһֱΪԼΨһ鱨Դ
ʤգЦһЦֵƻֻݣȻˣжĵԴʵ̫࣬иƽĳҳǱһỤ̊ȱ¶֮£ٵǧʯԶҡ˵ĸҡŶ鱨˽ж֮ӣ˵ȥȪ£ʵȴΪ˾Ǹʧֱܵ˽ӡ֮ܶʮ̣ڷ˾ļɻ䣬ȫƾϵĹϵҵңʱһļСѾ͸Ũӡ
⻰˷ܣҲ˵ȫˣ͸̣˵ǻױݵĶ֣жء
ŷ죬᲻ͬȻʤȴҲͬңԲ֡ڹǽǡºֵøˡ
ʤǳˡΪ鱨ܣҵ̫ܱ͸̸ߡǡŶɡϾʿϲ̨档
ҳķӦʤĿ˼һȻ۾ܸ´ſϵĻôһҪ˵ðһյɲУҲ˵ŵһҪṩѺ֤ţ⵹׵úܣºǷҪôЩôҲ´ſһδǸֵȵȣõһĨĻܸҵĿ
аЦУλҳȴ
ȻԶЩΪ˵˽ģϣǶӹɵȫΪԼ
ڳࡢЧǱȡЧҡȼߵĴڡŷߵλͬ
꣬Цʤ侲طԸҳȡıīֽ⣬ʱõС


ʮ ʤ´ſ壩
λŶ͸֮ٮٮߡܶ˶˵ǻױݵֶθͨľأʵҲûô棬ܶԶﴫˡ˵ʵֻһϴµ¼Ůۣͨ취ŵ˵´ҷ˵¶ְ취Ϳõзǵ߹η
ʤʮֽؽԼĵǷ˵ʱȻԵõһˡ
˽֪͸óαݣекǱ͸ȴ֪صģʵɢ־塱
սвͬݺ֮ʵ͵չشȡƣս֮صļˣǿҫ£Ǳڵĵˡ
ȡ鱨֮࣬øְ취Ⱦҵǿ԰ٵĴ˵ģһǿǣּʴȺ
˼쳵Ľɽͳ౸֮⣬΢ʵҲڡ֮һҪɲ֡
Ϊǰļ̳ˣʤȻѧò
鱨ļʤʾ⼸Ѿ̬˹ŶоϵͬţʱʤԴޣǰάǣͨһöװż裬ĳЩΪǾȡǼԦĵĺֶΣʵɱһλˣҪһѵöˡ
ԣʤЦʮ־
һ೤˼ǵϸҵȷ֯ҴʱΪȹսĲŨڣʵβŹڣȴ֧ܿ飬ֱŶԷıȥһֻΪսѣڿͬʱҲΪ֯ҵ˶ҵȲɣ
ŷͷҼǵãʮǰԽɼʱβ򽻵ʱʿǼı궯һٴ룬ǶԽѾʤฺ١
⻰ʵԼɡñĲ˵óͳʹɼҸηһЩվסŲſӭУսпԻġ
Ķҵĸ߲㣬ģȻһҧʤฺ١Ȼʵֻʤ⽻ѡ
̸Цһʤ̲סԷûʮ֤˵дġ
֮ܺڣδݵģ˴˼仹໥ʴ𣬵ȴǰʱͲСĸˣȫ޷ֱʣҶʤԳ֮⣬˭뵽ȻǰԤϵǱ߿Ļ⣬ǰд˻Ӧأ
ȴòΪȻʵ¾ôڿˣпɡϾȻСõԼʵǡ
ˣܶԷԸԸһҪ˵ʵ뷨Ҳ֪
ʤǸĲ˵ëȴҲɨˡ
쳵ĶĿȻľܣزô㣬Ҳ򣬵ɫͳ
ȿȣŷῴղԸϽԲ˵һϢʮʱǰģӣǱӦò࡭
䣬˵ǹŶɻˡ
ŷһ˵еġ
˵עתƵղŵĲֻδ

λһͬ´Ǳ˵Щʲô
СǷⷱ˺üȦͰ͵СֽƬ̿һ
ƪǵ´ҵɽ˵ҵ͸Ȼ鴫ǲɵǣڽҪͷΪȷȫ׼ҪԸ۽滻飬΢ע⣬СĵﴦˣΡ
˻ûӦʤƶЦƣǡ˵ŮѾ¶ˣʻ´ſʯݣŸȷʵή
Դˣλͬ
ɽǸõ´α͵Ϯɽزļƻʾͳ̶ȵͬͬʱһѵĵǺѯ
ⶼ֮е£ʤ׼һϵټʵʵĵѺͳŵ˵Է
Щŵ͵ѺҪҪ֣Ǿ͵ÿӵľˡ
һ˳ĻǵȻܹɹͻϮ׼ɽ֮󸽽ĸ֧Ԯ´ȻռȴҪ﷽Ʊл׻ô治̫˵ء
ʤûΪɽмֳǿҽ䱸ü֡
֮෴˸еˡ
ӻ߲ˣɽֽصǡǡˣ׼֮ǰĳ̬
ͬƭӴɵΪɵתΪɵβѣ˵Ǻġ
ʤ洺磬ɨ˴벿ֻ֣ǿһεʱüеһ˿֮
ʱҳûô˴
ʤȴûǣ˸ղ˵λһͬĻʶֽץվ
ȻҳҲΪ˾ǡ
˫Ȼ໥ֺ໥󣬻֮ҪǸǵıأľԶݳǣһӡǸĵطʲô⣬ûһʱɡ
ʤһɽдµĻԳɻ֮⣺λе֣ǰķ̫һǹŪĻˣӦø翵Ŷԣôȷġڰʾʲô𣿡
岻ϻ
ⲽԥһʤ뵽ʲôüͷø򼣲ʤ˵֮ڣӵķյ˶پ飿ûᵽʲôʣмй֮
ʤһҡͷûᵽʲô෴Ҽǵø˻˵һ糣صģʹκ̬Ҳ֮УҪǴݳǻԮҾûʲôҪȥԾ͡
ԸԸھвӷϻҲ֡ʤ΢һ㣬漴ֱˣԷһǰǷҳɣ
ʤȥ
˿̳Ȼһ˵˵֮£ﵹһҽЩʱ򣬸ողŴ˵ڶǰȻ䣬ЩΪս»ܳöͶʮʧһ˲۵ԭֻԼ˵Ǹйء
ʤصصͷתŷʵƽ֯Ķ򣬻ͬǰһ𣿡
ǵġŷԥشˣƹصפļݵ㣬ಿɵݳǺ棬ԼɰΧ֮ƣҹǵĲߣ˼ҪݳǵĲһ̵ǳʳ㣬壬Ĵ󲿶ӲտʱӦϵľ棬Է˼·֯ﵹҲˣƽ̲ǽ֮ơ
Ϊ֪ʲôҲ֪ĶʤȻ䡣
ŷȻ֪롣
Ƭ̼䣬ʤѾ˸ղ˵š
ʤͣ˫ֽӹϸһȻɫ䣬ߺʼΪƣϸĻαģӡ뻭ѺҲЩģ֮ԣһʲôȦףԶԶȫϢѵ


ʮ һʱյģϣ
Ԫ꣨1572꣩¶ʮˣƽ֚ʤᦳǵʱβΣյʱ̡
֯һʣҵĲбֵεĲһ룬ԱǿȻռݳǵʤзˡ
ǵ´Զӳ˵зӵѹָɸͱ飬غĳξݵ㣬սŰܣŰսѵֿ
ͬʱԽǿĵطвȼҪľ׹ȳǵˮҰԪս߲ж֯ҵĽ⵼¶ͨжϡ
ֵ⽻֮ʣƽ֚²ˮδմ㾶ֱȻ̤֯ҵ䣬Ѹ֮ѹס˼Ѿڱ϶ȡĻȨ
ġӡҲԪṩʮֿɹ۵İԡ̲¶Ȯ̬Щ˰ȴĻβһ䳰ȷ˵˺ܶƽּҳ˵˼˵
˵˽²۵ʲôӣӵģˣֱֻ蹷͸ýȮӡǣ
Щƽ֚վȽŸԼĲӷָʾͬʱ֯ҵ˲ɵġ顱
ߣֱƹݳǵʤ·
ͯΡΪȷ󽫣ٽءɽһȲǧ챾Ϊһȡߣзֱָݵ㡣
дһϡԼżǧΪǷݵʤǳҰﰲźȪһǧ߰˵Ԯȷߵϵ
֯ңҲѡпһսǧˣǰָӹ٣ƷҰҰȵأĿǹȡǣʤһ
һ·Ũڵǧڻ֯ﳤ桢ԼͲҵɲźϱǧΪԤ׼ʱ档
棬ƽ֚ίгҲԪ״Ĺǧ˹ݳΧĹڳǣƽ̬ﳤΪһǰ
Ӧ֯ǲˡʤˣΧסݳǱһݣӦѾĶ
ս֮⣬ս಻ͣЪʯźͶβ߲Ͷ빤Ǹӽľ³Ҫͨʵռ£ЩʱԵαװ͸ȺóԵǱĲһ·
һ棬ƽ֚սľŹ¡дһױţֻгһмֻ֣֪¶ţȴ֪ƽ̲𣿡
պ󣬾Ź¡˳ϡݱȡҪͻƣںǳ̲һֻСֶӣץ²ˮĲãڵʽתʱתΪ
λͷʮָӵ֮Ǽᶨ
ͬʱ׹ȳ̬أƲӵˮҰԪҲεһ쳣ִֵƽּʹߡ
ʹ߿ɵ㶵ģҲνõˣ˳Ǿֻ̯֣һöǮұһӡƽּƵС˵Ψһһ仰ǡѡһ
ˮҰԥһ֮󣬱ʹؽӹͭң˻С
һǧ𣬼ƽּҵһǧʿһפ׹ȳܱߣ֮ǰƽ˳ǣ»ָβ֮ϵ
Ʒ棬һõǧԮ󣬾΢ת
Ȼǧ˺ũں֮ڣھ壬ֻҪǸˣٶеõġ
⣬ڶŨԶɽϡֻټʮաԮ飬ƽ֚ĻӦǣ£֮ԮҴͶǲ֮Ϊѡ
Ȼ˾Ҳѯ֯ҵ֮

ƽ֚βţĲӴľӺԴԴǮȱĺơ
뷴ݳǵļѾˡ
ȻŲʤ
λ쳵ĶĿӦʮֹϣƽ֚Ĵģж֮󣬱㾮Ȼ¾γʮΣʼݣΧһ֮ڵļ֧ǡ
ǹҰǡŶɳǡɽ֮࿰ơ򡱵ĵط
Ѯ֮ǰ֯⵽һǧ޷֯أȷЩݵ㡣
ԼСĴû
ʣǽԫߣϣḻݳˡ
ʤƽ֚˵ˮҰԪ֮䣬ͻΧĲãϾݳͨĵ·
ȻβŶƽô˳ɽزټ鱨ȱԽᶯֻתΪأ԰ΧȦв©ġ
鱨˵ɽءֻǧˣƣздӹڵĳ֣սԶԤڣ۹ƣĽ
󷽵Ĵǣ׷׶Դ˸еЩ֣̿ƽ֚һ˵ߵĶ֧ӻͳûĸ˵һϮɴ
ڡί֯ﳤʱָӡǲЭ͡Լһߡ֮ԥ˺ܾã֯վѡһ
ë㡢ȵȼţнʣս֮뿪ʤᦳǣǰСɽǣ򳤾ֵشɽءͻϮ֯ɴ湥ݳǵĳˡʤ
ӦġˮҰԪ;Ź¡˵ƽֻ˰֪֪ʱͶҵһЩСѣԷսʿֵһᣬͨغȵĿʮ˳
дһϡԼû谭ֻҪʤֹԷϮû뵽Ǽһǣ˳ƾռǹҰŶɵȵأݳϲ䡣
ǳҰﰲǸǷֱפŹ¡ˮҰԪĵ̣м֮⡣
֮ƽּҵߣʤɾݵ㣬ҽҡѾ˻
֯ҵ߱ߣҲزٳΣȴʮ鷳ɽءĻ򣬴̫ȻΧݳǵĿ˳ˡ
⵱Ȼ⡣
ȴҶӷ鱨һ֪˭Ҳߺı߸ȫ
κƽ̲˽ĳɷ֡
ˣΧݵǰɡ
ƽ֚㲢ûǣǲ˵ӡԶȥִд̽鱨ʹϢ
ҪĵȻǻָ´ҵϵ
ʵԶɳǵĵ´ҿҵƽ֚㣬˼ս˼˫ôԶʵʺ
ǵĵ´ſȫˡ
ˮҰԪͨ׹ȳֶ֮پŹ¡Ŀˮͨĵ·ʵѾͨƽ֚㲢δյҵĻӦ
ԵЭͬս룬ֻٵķ֮ʡ
ƽ֚㲢δԴ˸е𾪻Ƿŭ
ֻһٷظȻҵ֯ҵһڣͨӵ´С㷢˽ܼ顣
⻹ǰǧʺһ÷С飬ǹ˽㡣
Ȼƽ֚ԲĶ˵Ѿʤ뿪ݳǣھǷͣǵԤУܲõġ


ʮһ һʱյģ£
Ȼƽ֚еָչ˶ݳǵĴ°Χȶ˾Ź¡ˮҰԪ˵Ȼ㹻˵ˡ
ɵȻڶ
ʤаǧˣݴųǽеܳ㣬϶׶Ըġ
滹ɽزŵһԼĿԼӡα಻Сӡ
ԶûĴϻˡ
óȻжǷøзṩΧԮӦϵĻأ
ʼھǵС
Ȼ򡭡ոݳǣ֯ҵȷڣ֯ңꡢԼеβˣʲôؾ֯͡ﳤǿʱѹסġ
Ϊ˹ʱڣսʱĿӣƽ֚ʤᦳǣĳӣǧִԪʽѩǧĻԼ
ǰԪƺʲô£ʱ˽˭˵ôأ
ǴӽԺһʮСӣᱻɡ̲֮β״֮ӵݣΪϣһΪ΢ӡ
֪ɽһ֯ңǷΪ˸еˣǿɶ׼羴̬󣬾أ
˵ˡ
һ棬ƽ֚ڽ۴šߴ̽۹۲֮󣬶ŮƷܣԼ彡̶ȣǿˡ
ٶԺӵĸǿԽģڱ˵ǡŮĹ
֯ʤᦳǵʲ̫㣬ƽּȻܴӽʾڣҲǺ鷳ģӰĿǣȻʮĬؾάų
ȻڵĴһ߽ûϯв˴Ҵ¶ִҴȥڳɮ¡١̽ʿʿ༸Ϊ
˼㾡ϹȥС
ɢ֮ɵһ£ȥ˽󷽣Ӻݸ߹δޣǼɴذݷƽ֚㣬˶սֵĵ֮⡣
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ݳָ֮ڣȻʤƺ쳣ַ֮ǵϦð常ˡ֮ǰ쳴ָǺأ
˿żɽֱѯʣӲƱʲô˽̣ȷʵɵСԼµʵ뷨
һίࡣ
֪βž֯ҶҰлⶶ§
ƽ֚һΪ׼Ůĸ侲еο
ͬʱ޵çײС޸о
סƾжϣһ͸¶һ㲻ӰֵķνôԼˣպϴպҲȫۣҪԶʩӰ죬˵Ҫλء
˼֮ƽ֚˽ǧ軽׼ǲһΡ
ս濼ǵĻһʱȡɵİ취ԶԸоȡʤѾ׬̽ؿѡϣΪҾݴͣһʱͼ֮Ϊ飬ȲʳӡԶƹǰڣֱ롭Ǹβܼˣذ֮֡
˵ƽ֚еڸɣͣȥһڲˮ
ǧ֪ϵ϶лžǡ
ȴһ˲俶֮£СҸһЩȻȷʵΪãҵβΨиŬսſأ
Ȼƽ֚ԥҡͷˮ֮ģ֪ģδйɡȻδÿβ˶ͬһôҰܵݳǶʧˣ
ɶʱɫ죬ΪȣԶԡ
һǵӵܵģֻǧ꣬߳ͷȥ첲ȥҪ׳һˣ̸ӦԷΪ硣
Ȼƽϵֻ˸ֱ֮ûۡ
ܾʱûɡ
ƽ֚оǰѴӣԼҹ⣬ҲûѭѭյˣֻǴֱ֮ܽģȻãֻ޷¡ϴ󲿷˼ȷǼаǲҡڵģҪΪսҪǸеȫ㡪ˣ˵صս֡ĲãӾѧ˵ûʲô⣬ǣʹڣرݳǵģʤˡ
أƽֺ֚һˮ
Ҹ˵ʤ֮Ǽ쳵һ˵ʣΪʢܼ𣿡ɿǸﲻסģ̲סͲѯʡ
֪뷨ǷԴԼء
ͬǧһ˿ΪȻɫԭǲ뿪ڵģҲԸԽֵùԶҲ˼ڤķҪ˵ｫ֮Ǽеļ̳ˣһҶţҪӹҵʤļ̳ʸƺܵɡĪﻨ˹ô
ޡƶǶȷʵпɳָ֮ôءҲֻ常ľǽ뵽취ˡ
ǧ򴩣ƨ
˵άʵˣһ˵һΣӡ̡
⻰ƽ֚㻹е˵ģǺһЦʵһ๦̽ϵ顭ҺǴԶѳȥһʵ鱨̫ѡ鱨Ļϣ嵽ֶΣݳǵ޵شһģļϢһڣĿǰ΢ʤԽǻɣԽȥ֤Խѵõ࡭ʵҲδҵˣܴӸ˽⵽Ϣˡ
˴ԽʱյԴ
˵һƽ֚Щɺ
õľʱձϾǻزȥˡ
Լϣ͵ӡԽԽȥ˿ҲӦ
˿ǧһƺǸģļϢʲôȴȻ֪
Ȼһͨ⡣
ҳɴ˵ˣ
һ󼱴ٳصĽŲһ˳ſڡ
ƽּҾеҳͨ
࣬ٴУĿС˵̲ˣոմϢиǡǵפ⵽͹ͬʱŶɳǱʮ⣬дӲжɴƶʤҪݳǣӷͻΧ
𡭡ƽ֚ЦһЦ˼򹥻ֶӴʱ֮ԳҲҵʿΪףݳǽ̽ԵĹǰᶯƽ桢дһϡﰲˣԸǾ͵ֹͣǰжתΪصзӴܵĲӣݵ㣬һҪ߾ܣȥӻͻΧ
ǣҳͨԥƬ̣ȥ
ΪһḻʿδȥʣΪʲôҪֶӡʱᶯΪʲôǡ߾ܡǡΪʲôǡӻͻΧǡֹ
Щ飬һеְˡ
֮ȴһִһ㣬ƽ֚͡
ɣԵզզĺܣǾϲ𺳣֮УԻ̲˳ᢣʤǧڵü֪Է飡ʤȻô
ǧȴüˣ˼šʱ⡣


ʮ ʤ´ſ
ʮʮġǶʮûлС
Ϧ£ǹ˻ݳ֮ıǽ֮£ʤȻڰ䣬ֳžͲ䣬۲ųоĶ򣬲һԷ
⼸зݳѾ˶Ϯʽ̽ÿζǳֹռͷͻٳˡһʼ֯ң˴ӣ֪ȴֻƽּңһЩСѹ
ƺҲûʲôŲĶΣ˲ʿɱµûؾùһǰ治ģ㶼ձһɢԶȥˡ
ڱ࣬صоҲû׷˼
Ҳ˶ʮˣֻʳˡȫûǳǵļƣֻǺѡʤ˼ͷһʵʲôʧ𣿡
ӸղŵӦֻ˵ùУһʵڲҵĻΣգ󲿷ֶСˡһֱעĳжϡ
֮ǱΣʤʵ
Ǳ߹ƻߣͣһ£ƽ̲ҲıνġͲȻδɹУƿŻͦ˵ģʿʿЩ𡣡
š⻰ʤÿɷûνͲ⣬ֻüͷĬ
ǲ̫⣬Ҳֻ⡣
˾һʤʴҴҸʤɫЩ仯ӭȥʣ𣿡
ʵͷβʤȴȫͷش˵Ūˣ֯ҴʣսƵǶȥˣŨڿҲڣϱߣƽƽּ챾дһϴļڣǱ񲿶ӡɳȥֱ̽ڲͬ⵽ǿΧ£һ˻أһѾɢǧҰλѳְ
֮࣬תĵһʾѾźˡһûҪ̫֪
ǾûˡʤȻˣ֮һȻɫͻΧس֮ƽ̲ȫûոݳǵͼǰر½ҵĺ·˵һ֪ʲôҲ˽ϢԶﱾ﾿ʲôǿ֪ģ״Ѿ֮ʣڡ֮ܶ˿ұȥִ֣˷ʱǰˣ
ͳƣ䵽˶У
ʲôݴ˾Ȼ
𣿡
ѹ֣ǼضʮգȴӦϣ
Χˣ⻹صȥ𣿡
һʱȺȻ˵硣Ĵҡ
λһԣ׼ŷס˳ӣȻλ֮ǰݴ˵Ľȷʵǲ̫õģֱôãҳʲôҲδ֪гģ͡ǰߣȴȫûõϢ˵˲ϣ˳̳мҵλúһ룬Щ˵óˣǻ֮𣿡
˵оݣ
ϾڳǼѪɳϱҲʤĺİףֻҪֵЧҵڣǸȫֵεġ
뷢ɣȴ
ʤһۣ̹Ȼ˽Ǹڴϯض̴򿪵ͼָβķгƽ֚֯˼ض½ҵĺ·ȻǶĺչʮ㣬мɱͶ˺ȴ֮Ҹɴ˳ˮۣ˷᪸ȥ˺ˡʱ֯Ȼ̲סңǡ
ᣬ飬֮пգһ˼·ҳǸе۽磬ͬʱʿܡ
ң޵ѽ
ĳѪڵļҳɵøߺ

ͬʱиĿ˸߲ҡ
ô๦ڵõ˶ԷΣĸ״ˣʯˣʵ̫ˣ´ſϲɫƴЦ˵Ǹһʮĺӡ
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ʤ˷ṩ״ԱȱҪǸĵ´ҾӣгֵαװɸĻͥӹڣϮɽز˵ıӡ
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ҡ
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ἰӵλεı´ſһǺͷɺģһ˵̵£˸߲ңĵá
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ɽͬʯǣʤϾҵȷ׷ǹʣûлṩʣֻдѣⶫǿסġ
˵ʱǳЦӯӯʥĸֱȴʵںӿĽǶȣ˵ḧ󣬳е
ʯǻδɵòȻ̸£ҽ飬жҪѾӷӣһ߻װͻϮɽزһںӦ¡
⵹Ҳǡ´ſ׾ͽ˽飬Ȼۼźı飬ҡͷϧһͻ᲻㣬һٽɽزˡ
һ桭ʯ飬ǿԹĶЩոͶӹˡǶδؾͺģֻҪƱûŲ˵˵˹еͷĿҲ취Ю²㣬ǱȲ붯ҡ
ô½ʯ𣡡´ſʮѸ˾ܹϰҪκ⽻ӸҳԼŸľ񲿶ӣαװ͵ϮɽزھӺӦڻšƽ׼ˣȻɵ˴Σ
ʯͷͬ⣺ûƽҵȷʵֵΡ
ɽȴǣƽ׼ôǵһ䵭ư޷̨ȥĹˡ
ʯȻɫ˦ֻСֱۣΪþӿӣв˽˵ıԣԹŲᱰϥĵȴѷκˡ
ǺǡɽҲֻ۾ðɣǰܷƽ׼˼һ棬ģ


ʮ ʤ´ſߣ
ҹ˾ºڷߣʱݳ֮賯ŻĺţȻͬʱ
Ⱥӵʿȫװ
ֽɣѹɤսҲ˿Σ±žСȵĶ
ģֻԵ棬ŲĻ
⵱ȻҲǲСĶٲ֮⣬Ծ쵽ˡ
ÿ֧˵ıӣһѣԶһʿֻܽסǰսѵı໥С·
ǻĹߣҲͳ̶ȡ
ɵǶ죬ȴֲҡ󽫡ὫͷָϵȨÿֻ谴ѵеϰߣμסֱ˾ķԸȻȻγ԰ʮΪλĸ塣
ͼġڡĿˡڵʿÿ˽͵ƣھǰ󷴸رܣ󽫴κʣҲҪһʱΪͨȥ
ͬʱһж´ɴġĿڡҲ£ȴκ˽ǵĹǼලԱǷʬλزͣ£κΥΪ
Щ󽫺ⲿӵ񣬷ֱܵʮһ߼֮ŷᡢᡢʤڣȻʤǬپϡ
֯ṹɭϵľȷÿʿĴ𰸡Լ˾ͬ˭Լڸʲôεõαͽ䣬ôӦԣȵɳҪһС
ʤģ丸˾ֱӣµŨ˴ĸ졣йһӦѧȫЧѷɫ
˵丸Ĳߡ
ϾĸݾѾǶʮǰˡ
ʮʱ䣬ʵ̫ˣܺиܱġ⼸ıսԷ򣬵ɹһԽɼΪĿӽ񴨣սʤΪ޲ˣǻʶһӾûˡ
֮ȨߣҲֻܱ֤߳ϵֱʿ硣
ʤǸᣬлŶӣҶδֱǰ;Ըһʱ֮ࡣ
Ҳ
ҹλҵĶĿԱװԼ²һ˴ӼǸԱݵľ֮⣬ûκιػĶ
ݳнɻĽϸѾȫ´͸˸ʿǡߵ黭ʯܣԼʳеڴԶ֮󣬱ƺԱ֮һ档
սʱץŮˣͳˡ
ܶõϼʿеźĿʶ²ʿΪܡ
ܼǧ֮ڣܺԥȴأװ󣬻˲һʱ;һ뿪˳УȻзͳȥ
ڲ䣬󲿷Ǹݾֱ򱱷оݳǳһʮ4-5·̣˿ûκ״ֻǽ̫Ϥĺ꣬е
еһ˶ߵڽѾ飬еĲСߵ˶ӣеˤײŪֽš
ʵڲӦΪ˴ëãʮ͵ִҹо񣬾һǿ
Ⱦʿʲô⣬Ӷͣǹ³ͬ飬ǰͦ
רˣߵЩѾٵúܼϸѰר䵥ɢ£Աͬʱεְ֮
ʱңɫ֮ʱʤľѾƹСɽۏľ֧Ϣģβвƫϵݳǣƶ߾Ҳһ
ʱ㱨˵ѾʮˣٶȽһԤҪһʱʱ·̡ʮ棬ɣԭռռռľռ⣬ֱĲӣȫԱȱϯ
һ䲢Ҫ㱨ݣƨġ
ƨĵ˵ӣʤΪ⣬˰ٽνɽܻºնԡ
ҡͷ̾ϧĶ飬ֻа˰ٶѡŨĹѾʮŬٿ𣬵ȷʵǲһЩ
ൣһԱСɳ۶򵹣ԻСӣǰ֡һ֯פѲأ佫֪ˣΪиλҲûţֻǱϾռ˵ʿĪһǣϣ
ţʤСӲøУϸϲСҵ̫ɣɴ壿
ǣ벻벻ȻСܳʱӯûҲ˵
ø׳ʿŨʱȥҸˣǽι߿أģʤ򵥻һ¾£ɫһݣڷתϣĿѯʵС̫ȻǵнΪиСӣĵȷ棬ɱֳǣ
ȻУС̫һ㵣ӦԳ̵ģżһ䣺ֻǼҸֲܴʤȴȫ£ɢ֪Ҿ򣬻Ӱơ
ãӢ۳꣡ʤΪص˵ͷָǰȻҵĴƣҪЩɢӵ֯ʿҾĺ֮ȥųβ˲սӣԣ㻹ʲô
ǣС̫ɵָϰһݣ߶ȥת˲ʧ
ʤ΢ЦſԶ֮£Цݣ߳ᣬͷЩĸȥСӴ˳ûҪͷ˳͸Ԯ֧֡⺢ӳǺõģϾ鲻㣬һͿϧˡ
ᣬתȥѡ֡
ʤתһŷᣬС˵⻹м£ȥעһ¡ǧҰλ൱Ϊ˰̽ƽ־ãģˣȻֲ㹫ʱȰλĶӽйҸɣоһƶ˼Ҹսͬһս棬ʣµĹ¶ĸɲù
ŷһŴΪ壬Ȼͷȷʵˣսϵ⣬ǰɵҪԵǡ˵ŷԥһϸǲ䣬һС꿪ȥɽءλ֪ЩΪҲһмӵġ
ߡʤ⻰Ҳŭֻ֮ɫһЦǻᳰЦҸչŨҳɣ˵ЩǼһ¶ĸսֻ֪ǰ֮ķҲδ֪۸ڶûָҵıˣǵ֧֡
ʵЩˡŷᾡʮΣӲͷƤһ
ʤȴˡ
תȥ泯ױһ֣󺰵λ˵ղѾ᪸ͨǵ·ϣǰֻбˣҼһѾ֮ǰǾͿһ߳Էһȼյ᪸Ǻε׳ˣ


ʮ ʤ´ſˣ
·Ӧһ㣬ӵĵ´ſҲ߻һҹж
ʯƽ׼Ȱסˡ
ԭܼ򵥡ĿǰЩӵʿѵ̶ȣûǿǸĳ̶ȣǿͨоƱػдӵʱǧˣܵĿĵؾֻʣǧˡ
Դ˵´ſƿԣֻܴܲҵʵ
һ֮󣬸ǵ쵼ƶһԱĸļƻ̶ȵĳ䲻⡣˳ʱɽزӪ̱ϣȡ㹻սþգٻתԵҹͰȻ
ս϶ǲеģгթƻҲʵ
ֻΪ˴ʿ˳չʾӵ´ҵʵѡ
´ſʯɽʼĩϸڣʮˣ˵Ϊʮˡ
·ƽ׼еȦˡ
Ϊ˳Ƿҹ龫ǣʱʱֲ̿ѣĴ㣬ͻȻ飬Լҵس֪ô˵зġ֮һѶαװ͵Ϯ׼
˭ҲѷӦ
Уô£ӦõɳȥһжһĻҪϵβŵ֯Լ˵ѾƽԮɹʲŻߡ
ɻʵڲ֪Ӻ˵
Ȼɽ˽úýһƽ׼ǿĿǰķ
ıȴʮǣء
Ҳ֪ɽ˵Щʲôء
ʯطͬŵ״ʵûɶվ⡪ʯѾʶԼʮּѵĲ֮;Ψһĳ·ָܻڵµĺսȡ㹻ĳ룬ڴսǱڵĴϴռƣϴϵۼ
취Ūǰ񸾾òˡ
ɽǳأ̩ɽֻһĺӵĸѣ̸ֹٲȻʵȨյŮƺѾǵԼļҲɷͶӵġ
ŮʮΪԼڹ͢ıϳɾ͸еǾΪúɳҲӲȥ
´ſȴȫûо쵽յı仯
ĶĿδʤٹѣϲЦտֲ֧Ȼ˷֮࣬ҲûʤṩĲͼԼ鱨ŵϢ໥ӡ֤ȶԣûзŹκοɵϸڡ
Ϯӵıɣֶӵְã쳣ĴԤҲԼ̶ȵĲǣһ˿ǡ
ǵ´ҵļ̳ˣֻһеĻǾҵҵְأκα׼ںϸϡ
ɽĮģΪºܼ򵥣ʯƽ׼£ǳǰʮʱǵ´ſڳϷ
ԼⷶΧڵŲãҵÿϵļҳ˶ԱԷַ˸;еȻǻĶ־ֹ˯
ĸԤ벻ǡ
ӵʿǣ棬Ȼһظĵ졣һתȴаϣļƻе󣬷׷ҵʯƽ׼˵еĵ֮顣
λسԼĲȴҪæıʵǲס
ô˵Ԫ꣨1572꣩³賿㵽ֵļҳǰչ涨ı۸֣ɵŵսž㣬˸ǵıţ۳һ֧ǧ˹ģľӡ
˵´ҿʮľӪǱȽϳɹģܱԵ׷ѱ䣬ӳǵļҳ͹ڻǱһ
˲ڵʱȻ˵
´ſѧ丸ӣÿʶ˴򽻵ʽ飬չδһЩȲ̫ʵַȫĴ
ûʶڴ󲿷û˼
ѿֻһӣ´ſѡ˽ӽǧ˵Ķ飬Ϊȷһ֣װ硣ʣµ˷ֱ𽻸ʯƽ׼ǰ߸ںΪηӣԱ߾
ӱˣԵܸ˽ˣ򵥽һ£ȷ˴˶·ߺӦԼƻȻġ
ȻǣʿȽϴֱһսԵ´ſΪףǧ޲ӣɱڡ
Ȳ˵ܲܳɹ͵ϮǺġ
ֻЩ
Щҵࡱʿǣػ֣ŻһǿǾŽһģνɢˣһоһⲻҪ쳶Уһ˵һЩëƤ顣
Ӽҳ׸ӣ̸ڵ̫࣬´ҿѾڲĴ㣬ȡ֮ԶԱɳΪݵ㣬ȫƽס
´ſȫûĸʶ
ˣûãǱײѭ̳Ѳ߶ӡ
иҪ졣
ǹģԼΪʮ˵СӣļʽУġŽǵԱģԲ׼̡
ͷһ˺϶ŲǸ߼ʿ
ƵȻɱЩˣһ򾡣»ڱ¶м֪ɽزľԶأ
ǰã´ſʾⲢ޵⣬ǰȥ˵λ԰꣬ҵȡҵͶġӹڣдӡǸǸӸ˴õΪ֤ޣţԸڸˡˡǸҵȡǵȺȥһ
̨Ѿùˣ˭뵽£һڼ¸ηĵ´ſȻЩŻţ״Ρ
Ǹͷüã´ſ˵Ҫ⣬ֻܾ֧Ѳ߶Ӿ²źá
˭֪Ǹò߼ʿ֣ȴǲδɣֻҡͷԣػӦ˵ȺӹڰݱǼˣ˿治ֻһ㡭ѹֵ´ϴأˣҹȰһ䣬Ժҵᣬ˼úѧϰһ£սݴˣܵģ
ǣ¡ܽˣ
´ſһ㶣̶ѡΪľ񲿶ӣڮĨڣ
ֻҪ鲻Ըط䡣
һŭԵ̬ײöʿúܺ
´ſȫϷʵӦһҲޡ
ţʿ˿״Ѻӡ¡֮ȷǸɣ΢۲һµ´ſˣ̳ϣʵٰ
´ſæش𣺡ǹһǧˣһҪұġ
ðɣʿͷϸֳһ˿ĵЦݣϷʵǰ滹⽻ϷʹթļıЩɢҵľƣҲµģ
Цַˡ

´ſǽ裬ʮָӵ·
߳һ·żʯԸ˵ҵѲ߶ӣĸ¸֦
˴ת׷ֻҵѲ߶һʮѾ۲ٲ֮⣬Ӱˡ


ʮ ǧ
ȵõʱҲԪʮרע緢ϿȼĻ⣬Ȼһʱ첿ڱϮռȻ˳ͷ
Ȼһǲƽ֚ͳţһٶסͨ
ȴܴ˶ʱŽڴǰҲԪ׵ʿһֻƣ˳ˮ۵Ľ뱾裬ؽӹ˷
Ӧˣ档
ݳǲפصдһϣڳҲԪףڶ仯˼ҳ棬ûܱŽǣõѺõĻظ˵Ϊ˰ȫͷƺ룬ȴƽ̲˾֮ǰҼݾӳڣί¶ࡣ
дһβźϵԴ˵Ȼûʲôܽܵģֻ鲻̫ãǸˡü䡣
ţؾ͵ĴЯʮعѯʾʲôرò䵭ضʤٳȥǽӹǣĿǰǸ߶Ⱦ״̬κοʿ롣
ضԴ˺飬õӦתǣҴȥƺûǣֻǹȷһѡ
ûãΪ֯ҵĴˡ
ڿ
һϲػűӸܵô¹ڲֻͣûκοݵģϵļҲ嵽塣
˳Ҳ⣬ֻ֪󺰴У˷ܲѵ塣
ͣԶѾҪվסһǻѪҧأǿθס
ŵļһݣӿţ붼ûһȥ
ҺùĿʮԶԶڵϣҡҡλΡ
ʸƿյķһ˲ŷӦæֹסŲŻִ󺰣˵Լ˭
ŵСͷ֪ԴֹͣȴҲû˽ϱ
Ǳ߳˵Ҳûʲô⣬ĵһȡ
Ƭ̺ʮ½½æϵ
ԭ˵ϢһððʧʧˣǴʮʿġֻ˼ڼУһ˲ˣʿµǷƷܸأ
Ȼ֮ǸŵͷߺŴǸǴԶβŲ̫Ϥǲ֯ҵĳ˴ˣҲûʶϲˣԲǣ
ԳĿɿڴ̶ܻŭǳҲҵԪ׵ǰ컹ոͬҼ棬ô˵ϲǺε
СͷŲæԻȷʵܱϳ˼ҷžȻʱˣҽΣʱϾ
Եķдʱ֣סûǿѹŭͼȻˣдԪ׵֮˰ɣ
Ȼо䡢λˣвϵ֯ҵĳ˳ʲôģͷͷʮ㣬ն
㣡
³ҧгݣûӦԡ֪벻ɣǱ˵˻
ڸϵߣƽ£׷׸еοȰ˵ʱҪĹƫ֮һʶǿƽ̲塣
ⲻ֪ˡ
Ϊһ໥ĵλ͹ϵ͸ԤõĲ̫һأԭãƽ֚Сܸ֯ǿƽǸˣŪáô֮֯أ

ƽ֚㵱ȻҲǺܿĵյϢ
鱨֪һյ˳ɶѵƨС
ھûбҪˣȷʵƽ̲ʩչߣǶǵļʤΪ丸ʣԲĴݳǡ
ˣѾ٣Ѿ˥ȴȻԼ񲻸˿״ʮյġ֪ӣﱾӪУʱʱ̶̿ҽʦֺҹꡡʤϵҲȻġ
ƽ֚˵Ǻ˵ġ
˻ǲò̾ΪʲôƫƫΨ̲ܴǶȥأ
ܲطԤδ֮£߸ɴǴԽʱջģǰ֪׼ȷʱɣ
ǵȹ֮¿û
ֻ˵̲˼ʵڲհԶ
ǲһһ䣬ݣν쿪ʤ
ǳҲԪռ˳ǳأڿ˵ȡ̲˻ظ֮ǰκ˽ȥе鷳һƽּڳĳɾ͸кģõ˿ǰ㣬һ棬־е飬ǲǶϼ̫֯ˡ
Ҹķա
ֺһ֮ƽ֚ԸִʣҲԪ׻š
ԷԾӳƣҾף٣οȻ
ֶǹ£¸˹ɣҪ˼ġ
˸ͷȻֹס
ƽ֚˲ʲôתѯʣҲݳŶˣƺ󵽶ıӣȴûдʤͻΧʦϢ
ʯһæظ˵ûκζдһϴ˵ҲӽݳǣֻȳҲҵϢ˰ӵ˵˿û󲿶ӵĶ򡣡
ˡƽ֚ü˼ʤҲܷɳݡܲûܣһͷŨȥɣȵȡƹ᪸ڳзżѻȻ߰Ϣȥɾ͡
Ҵ󲿷ֽȻ֪룬Ҳû֨
ΨбŹ۲һգ󵨷Ե֯սʤﲢƽּҵ棬̫֯ܵҲǾɽܵġ
ֱָҪĻéٿ
ͬʱҲͬǾáӶʿȻܸ̲˵˼·δ̫ʱˣվϲ̨棬޷
ȻҲǱϣ͸¶ڵ
ƽ֪֚һ㣬һۣһÿɷ񣬶ɫѸٽһ⣺ʤɣĿǰβŶӽ֯ʿȣƽ桢дһӷƽһʮԼ15סҷݹҾóҲռŰɡҪٵһֶ֧ӣ桢һϵĺ󷽣ȷˮҰŹʲô춯ͽ
δ꣬Ȼһźµӣǣֶ룬߷ֶӶβθ˶β塣߽ʮ֮ڣؼβšӽ֮Ȼս֯´һţǸĵ´ɹͻϮɽԱ֯ĵҶλƳӦзĸӺѵӹˣӦԶڶӣ֪ΪʲôǳѸپ͹֧ԮһʱԲ֪˵Ӧ߳ɿţ
´ſ𣿡ƽ֚㸧˸ͷеЩͷۣȻɮߴϢԼƲһͬʤйᣬȴ֪ᵽʲô̶ȡ֪ʤǷȥ᪸һս֪֯ϳȣǿɾ͡
ãȷԶƽּҵޣӵɽظģԵзǲϧһдʱʱ̶̿ŵġ
Ȼ⣬ϾھֲǱԶԶռţֻҪʤ뿪ݳǵĸǽ׶Ըġ
ƽ֚ţȴЩûɵǣеиӡ
ı
ƽ򶫣ڱȫȫǰ¾Ԯ֯͵´Ѿ
дһȴ֮һͬΪڻ
˵ȣ汾
ˮ棬񣬳һִֻԼڽβź߾䡣
ǴüӾŹ¡ľ㳤ͼˮҰԪﰲӱСġ
һæȻ졣
ƽ֚ǽС΢󻺻ǰϹעԶơ
ڼʱ֮յ˲ҵϢ
Ǳʵ


ʮ ֮ķ
ʤѸٵõӡ֤кܶ˶˵᪸ݱӣŻɱŵøİɢӡ
Խƽ֚ãϮֻǻӣΪĲã۷
֯ҵ˻ôȥ룬ƽ֚ûκȥԮȵ뷨¸Ӱԭƻжסսߡ
һ֮䣬絽ƽִƽֻǰŲԼٶʮ22·̣ԭϢ־䡣
Ȼֻ˶̶ʱҹյ˴Ϊȵ鱨
׹ȳǵĳˮҰԪҹȻ˹ȥӵﰲ½ǧȪ¾һգҹȻͶңӵڶǧˣء
˵˷ºݻƽ֚񶾣ȻҪͼˮҰţ˥΢ȴҲԴУҪϿһ
ԴˣΪ˵ƽ֚ȫ˵
ȻˮҰԪԺǿȷʵǸأ֯´ȥͷ۵£Զں¸
⻰û˵ڰ
ﰲȥӣΪرֵλرڣ෴һͿɿ̶ȶһ㣬ֻǿǴսڼŲ׽⣬ǿȥ
˵һȪһˣôԶƱ໥ɵӦüȲŽһ¿УҲܹɼһ𵹸ġ
Ҳ͹ˡ
ɲ룬ˮҰԪĪк塪Ǽװк塪ɴ൹һˣ
׹ȳǴβšӽ֮ǵ·Ŧͨźͺڵıؾ֮أʧ
ʱȴˮҰԪ꣬´Ԯ»͡
´Ƴƽá
ǳǲ޵ҲûиǽԫƾˮҰ˵ǧಿӣսʮƽӹġƽ֚㲻룬׼һҪΧ׹ȳǡ
֮ǰŶӣܰ
ֵҵǣûƽдһϵķֶȫǰ֧Ԯ֯ѡԱΪϵı·ߡ
׹ȳǵѱߴϣܡ
黹ꡣ
ҹ֮δ˯ƽ֚ϱױѡ
˵˳ҹɫӪһЩϵŵļʸ
ùһȻĿǣƽ֚㹲µģ
ʲô֯ڣпݹǣջƻΪ顣ȡԶӡβأ̲ɽŨڻͼҵ񲻿ա
ƽ֚Ц
ƻ޽ڲٵϻսõõȻ˲κһ֣ϴǲ˶ģϲıۡ
˵޷֯´ҵ˵Щ鷳
鷳ǣһƽּҵļҳҲ˵ףǿɾ͵Դ
粵Ҳȫ壬ҥԴǿġǾԷһݵģж̬ȣ˵ˡ
δüκηԸ鱨͹
ίɵҰˮȥӵľ㳤Ҳͻ˲ɲļ
ԭǴۣ֮ʱŹ¡һõܣȻ£ʮĴ󽫣ֹ˲ֵױһ䣡
ȺҰļңɱľͼЮ־Ź¡ȵ꣬ת˼쳡Ź¡ʮֻԣӴߣҵԼˮǡ
ţѾۿ²ΪŶ飬˼ʮҴֻͻΧȥͶʱľ㳤Ļ㱨Ź¡ֵʮɺַŶӵΪδЩζ
Ҷľ㳤ڳ
ƽּҴ˵ݣҪŹ¡Χ׷½أ׷֮ʱʿվڴͷðŷ˺ʸڣһǹѾ졪ҲǾŹ¡Ǹõܡ
ӣס棬׷˴󲿷ִֻ֡
ֻСϵ֮زز
ϷԵչȷֵҹ㱨
Ϣ֮õһϢ˲̫˵ġ

ϣƽ֚㲻Ҳ֪϶ˡ
취þĻļ󣬲ʵƽ֚ĵʵֻǻͶѣ¡
˵Զ޷Ϊڹǽ´ҿ޷֤ϺĲӦ
ȻҲϹӣ϶оķʽʩӰ졣
֮˹ˣȻξʵõøĻǰе⽻ֶΣ⽻ɮڹضϵϷأ͸ߡĴ쳹йġ
ƽּҵȻҲ߱ڶ˷ˣȻػ˴ȥ彡Լʤ뿪ݳǣʣҪάս鱨ϵʵڲκԴͶŵҪˡ
ŹҵҰˮܼᶨڼսϣǿľ㳤ǻۡϧմ˵˲վޣﰲǼһҲڼȴ˯кͿͱˮҰԪԴ۽һǧʿᡣ
ֹ۵ĽǶȽȪڿаϽеóֵʿүˣټ֮ѾڵùǺȨһԪͳε谭ѾˣԴΪԽһܱߵ𲽸졣
Ψһҿ԰οԼ˵ˡ
عƽ֚㷢Լżѵľ
βšӵı߾ϣ֯ҡ´ſԵɺϵͬɽزսһҲ֪ɱΣǷҪ֧Ԯ
ϵλãˮҰԪ׹ȳǣռˮ½ͨҪأ總֮ң졣Ͼ˾͵ڷԶľԮǾɽܵġ
᪸ɱӵʤ϶ԽΪˣƻ۷֧ܽĴûᣬ֮²С
ֻҪıֳݣݣ
ΣҶԱǱƽ֚յβʱҪúܶ࣬ǾƣݳҲˡ
ǣԽԽԽԽ۸ӣƽ֚㷴оѹ


ʮ ȳ
õϢڰʱ֡ƽ֚²ڲβ룬ƾĲһ룬Բܸҹогʱȡᡣ
ǰӸյβʱݳǶ˵ʱ⣬ǰľȻͷۣʮʹࡣ
ķ˲ӣڷ˴
תȪȥܷż쳵һ·
ȻʱȨ֮ƣĴǺصġ
رǽϵŭ֮
ԥسҲһ˽ڸλϣϾûмоģȫȻͬ
ҹƽ֚ټҪԱѯӪ񣬲дʳ֮ʱ˳ᵽ⡣
Ȼ󣬾ĹջĺﳤףΪӦԮ֯ΪֹѾ᪸Ǳٶܣˡƴ󽫡ʸµİҼΣӾ½Ҫ׹ȳǣȷ´ҿͨսξеҳͨȴƼɵʤľѡ񣬰Ѿ²ż
Ƚļٽûбִ̬һΪǳҰղҷĹ;Ծ˲˵֮ܵűʾĹź˵۹⡣
ûʲôͳһƽ֚Ҳûϸ˵δҳһս֮ȥˡ
һֱü˼û֨ҲһˣӪ֮ǰȻԵΪӾѧϿȡ⣬취´ӡ֯Լʤ˵ͬ
ƽ֚һת˲⣬̻ס̸
һԳ룬ڻ¡
һ磬˳㱨δָʲô֮ƽ֚˾ƽǰӦ֯⣬λӴηдһڣںﳤסҳͨ˵ָ£̰ӪΧ׹ȳǣŹ¡ˮҪϾͨԼҳĴӹ֮ţʱԽṩ֧֡
ͬʱӸ챾У׳ϵһܹ߰ƥ
ܴ󽫱ˣһ˫ݣ׷ƽǧȷ棬һЭ֯ҡʱδԪǧ轫ΪϼҴ֯־䣬ӡ
Ǳߵսʲô⣬εǧڣҲԸı֡취βʿĶ־
ƽ֚˵ġ
⵱ȻҳǾ֣׷Ȱɡ
ϸǼ棬ڲŸԼ١ǧ֮áֻѿڶġ
Ȼƽ֚㲢ͬǽȻ֣ɫϾֻһ䡰Ѿƿԡ
˶ʱٶ໰
۵ǧݳУӹ֯䡢ӡ¡ɡʾ߾ȫ֮ӵΣǼҳҲ԰ġ
ƽ֚صҲ㿮ȻͷҲأȥ
ױһ˫ʱ̳б۶ȥֻʱʱ׷Լҵȷǧˡ
ȡǰϢ֪ȡһȷʵսʤδӦûŴֻǲ֪սΡ
ƽ֚˿ɶŲءɽһڶپһг֯פӪͬʱԸμӿŲ
δʱ̳ǰһʱԣƼ˼Ӫʡ
Ǹ߳šǧͲһɫ֣ԲʮڣԿľӡ֯Ǵ󲿶ӣϱߵ´ģСࡣ
ֻǵǰҰУԼܼɽءЩĺɫߵ㣬ƺҵϱߵ´ſĸڷ𹥻֯ҵĲȴƺԶǧ˰ٲ·֮⣬ûʲôֻһЩϡĶƽеҶȵĸն䡣
ƽ֚㲢ɻĵ˲ָ΢Ц˵ȻǾоȣɼǡôΪʱδ
Ȼ֪λ쵽һңڵȴƲ
սһգ˭ûռˣ˴Ļ䱸ڽ񳿡ҹ֯ǱҲ֪᪸ܱ߱ʤݱϢĶʱҡϲһжһȫҡ
ɽءǾḻǴϸ΢ĩڴܵ֯״ץסᣬҪڷȴƵĵ´Ҹڡ
һ´ſ˳ûʼĩҲⲻ˵ож»ڲϴߴѾϽء
֮ƽ֚´󶨣æɽһᡢɶŲصˣżȥϮ´ſһ
ֻ¼׽ǹ֯ҵӪʡ


ʮ Ƿ
յβһβͬƽ֚һ㶼˼̬һɱ֮ò˽֮˭ɵҪͷãҶӡ
̲ᳵ𣿡֯ʮϣѺݵ̬ʵˡ
Ժʮָӵ
ѭԷĲԣȻջʤǣʧãȻϲ¡ҲԪռȵ׹黹ǳأּڵ֪᪸ܱܵոݵϲѾȻ޴ˡ
еŨˣԼһЩƾӵ᪸ǸβˣΪӦøϽʦҵĲƲߣɱ¾֮飬ʵ޿ɺǡ
Ҳһֽ죬Ӿ½ǶǿҷԻسǵĹ۵㵱ȻҲеǰеڣʿǽյʿ״һ⵽Ǳľ档
Ȼǰм䣬ͱĳˡ˵֮⣬´ҵĸҲڸ֮ｻս֮࣬ǲͿ԰ȫˣ
ָ˵ѵΪ֯ҵ⽻ĺһ´һŭ֮תͶõǺأ
ִݣ֯Ҳܾϡ
Ҳ߲ɣҲû˾Ĵ
뽩֡
ʱ˵ƽ̲˴һɾ֯һʱѼɵ֮Ժ󣬼񵽾ݵ֮ռϷ磬Ͻ
ڳǷӦ죬˵ıǲ̫Ըģеվأ
ţֻƽ֚ɱڵؽоʣһԲѹסеĺѿס֯Ҳֹˡ
һǷΪֱͦӣֶʵƼУݷܣĻȲҪ˭þٵĻң峿ڣ˵ս־ηչģ
һ䣬֯ڣĿɿڴľսһӦ
ƽ֚ȴҲûĵȣֱһָѼ׼ҵĴ
ðɡ鸴ӣɫԥƬ̣ѸΪص뷨о񿪿ڵ峿´ŸڳɹͻϮɽز뵾ҶƼ̳û᲻ݴЮѾһɽѽӽ佫ڡϴʱɱŵĴҵһʱתΪò챾ǰЭסơյ´ΪϷУҪҼһͬʱ֪᪸ǱߵϢ죬Ծϡ
ԭˣҵĲ²Զƽ֚㵭ͷ˵˾Դ޵ĻȻԴޣȴˡȻһ˼ʵжٱ
֯пսһǧˡʶ΢һ£´ڣԳƾǧɽزشʣǧಿԭ˵ǧˣȴһϵĶ顣
ôǰ鱨ôࣿƽ֚ʱüΪзǣֻȻ
ӹڼ˸ͷйӡƽȡ˵Լ֪鱨
ô˵ӹڣѾ˸´ظǵƽ֚֮⣬ҳƵ˰
²۵βšŨʿǸеʮС
Ҳֻһ˲ƽ֚ɫ˵֮£֪ô˳˵һ£ʤ᪸ɱӣ޷ǹ춯նȻʦˣ뿪ݳʮֲִ٣տֲ˼죬ܵ湥᪸ǵģ
ǣǻ£ǾһóȻسĻһǰ׷һ棬ҲܱʤݴأʮΣա
ȻһֱǷԳɡ
һ᪸ʲôʧأǵļСɶҲľڰļٵβ˵ʤһֱǸ̫Ҳޱ֮ţƺѾͷԡ
Ѿ˵üΣһĿǺСġԵǰͼۡ
ʤȴ£ûֵܣжӣȲλļ÷֮࣬һķգҲð
⻰ƺβ˵Ĺ´ͬ
ǰ޻˵
ղž뽩ֵġ
˿ƽ֚Ȼʵ᪸ǵ˭
֯æӦˣбһǧ١
ƽ֚ͷӣ˴ˣƱͨȡ㣬ԣس࣬ҵʤûһһԽ᪸ǡ
һʤȻܼ˵
Ҽѵʲô˵ƽֱ֚׳
⡭ǡһʤ߲ҶԿԴȴԲ
ƾŲߵı£һƽ֚һͱˡ
⡭һһ治ңкãʤ߽ӣɵ˻
Ǻǡƽ֚һЦҲʼŭ⣺еǰȴӣǻ֪ҵŵڣҪնܴֻʤɱ᪸ȥӣȴ´ŭ˱ʲôˣбŶϾģ²ֻϰɣ
һʱ𾪣˷׷ײ̧ͷȴԲ
ʱྲб߸ء
£֯ȭͷʮַŭ޿κΣ˲֪ôȫջûɵصͷֹͨǰֻǲмضŵʤ
һ룬ϴˣ˥ܲðͶ٣Ѿˡ
ʮβɣһ
̲԰ꡭһؾͰպý࣬Це˵ûҵŵھ͸ʱø׼ǣи֮ʡʤҲ̫ܹ᪸ǡֻǡ֪ȥ굽ڣŨһֱսѾƲıԵʤǵļ԰ɱ˷Ż𣬿»ᵼһ֣ôһջңŨҲңԻǲòس
ٴ죬дԣһȥƺ˵
ƽֻ֚Ӧһṻ
ʲôؾû
˵ƽ֚Գһ㼥֮⣬ٵܹı̬ȣȫȫͶսڵʧ𲹳Σ
͡Ǻǡؾһ㶣εЦڻ㵣̲˴ʵ˲⣬ѵڲȫȫս𣿵νδУֻƾһǻѪҲû
˵ˣƽ֚һָҶΪڵѣ˵乫⼸ʮٵıûȫս
ҶһȻ̶ͷ
Ը񣬼ȲԸ˵ϹҲԸѣʵڲ֪Ӧԡ
ؾͶʱȲѡ
ƽ֚˿֯ҹʩ񣬻˵ģ˵ˣϰɡ
֯һ˺ðʱŷӦƽ֚˼Ĭһ̶ƿȻҪ£´ҸһƵ֮У᪸ܵǸʤֵӵΧκ֮ƣʵڲҳݣ
ƽ֚㰵Եͷ⺢ӣкʵ˸ܽһѾϵسɻûġ
ϧ


ʮ ˭£ϣ
Ӿﲻ߳ƽ֚ӹӳëͨݹĺñζŻͷϣϸϵϿ۴
Ͼ߸Źˣʮˣգȫװо·գǲС
Ȼֻûг׵ڽ̸Ц˵еĳ̶ȣǰ߶άʿ˵ǷǳбҪģҲûʸ񵱡ļҳ
ԾϢ֮ƽ֚񣬲ױļͷǸ߾󼣬ҫƺƵǰͬʱΧʮ˾ݹ㾢ʹǸָӣ뻮һضţԾȵĽ࣬ʿ
ܶʱɱСʤ֮͡ʻ㣬ֻġٺ١ޡҽеʡ
ЩڶǾѡģιӲһ׳ɤʮģ˿սϷŭϳϵķӭչĸɫģݣʮ㡣
ֻǽйУûǰս˼
ϷĻƽ̲һεױ棬Ѿ֪ǺµˡԴӱ̲ˡ֮δй
ЩβŵβŨһ·ɱ򾩶ȷʵܴ򣬵ôȥһԱҪôսҪôְֻ˺ũˡӾڵ±Ǩ֮򡰻ӡչƣǶδرȵЩռѪ챾ˡ
Դƽ֚㵹Ҳ֪Ҳûʲô취ȥ̡ңȺСڴѪ֮ס̿ͼɣϵıַص㡣
̼˴ӵǰƽ֚ȡǧͲϷԶԶȥƼ´ſڣδ˻ݣҷսʱĲ١֧ԵзǸҪǣ
򣬽֯ҵɲҼ
תͷ档
ǧͲԻǧಽԶľ룬ܿƽЩСһϪľϡ䣬㷱ʢ
ƽ֚Ķ֯ѡ򣬽һǶӣǴһƽ̹ǵĵض˺ӽ
Ͽǰٴǰң¸в쵫һеóֵβź档
ԶһЩƹСɽ£׼ӲͻԼƺٵŨڵġ
Ҷпɣǰ¾ͱȽϰͳԵʿߡʮ˵ġ
ٿ桪
춯֮Ҳɳ˲ġΪɱڵһ֧ӣӦǡ
ƽ֚һʱǲæǲѯʡ
һŴ֪֯ӵˣֳǳոҽûõİƽܡ
˳һᣬϱ´ſսģӵһˣӶңǳ
˵ǰġ
ҵϰ֣Ȼ½֮˵ȷ
ңӻʮ㣬
˵أʲô֮ء
⵹ֵоо
ƽ֚һ񣬶ٿֻĹ֯ȷģѾƽѹƵˣ֧穣ǰѾɱһߣάʿˡ
ϸһԼŮɲڡ
ֻۿվҲǺЩġ
ƽ֚ìкüӣջʹؾԸȥҲա
ʱһϵҶһؾƺҲһԶҲ飬ֻ֪ҪЩսûϮˡ
ûʱ֯дһŽǡĵĶ
ǰʼ󷽽ˡ
Ȼ֧ڳʧȥƣܿƳ˵ķ򣬱ֱӳӪ
ͬʱһɱڽ棬ȴɵţ
֮ϸʶһӢˣƽ֚һ룬ʶһɵӣͨ
˿ûǰȱڳƽʿ䣬ʮǹֱųз˶ɱȥ
ƽ֚ĵţ治ηʱеʿгûϣǿ
̲˵ĵĲδ棬ͨڣȻ̸죬׳̶ȲߣҲ൱ɢңʿǷǳǣƽ˶档
ţһɱҽУ֮䲻֪ΪΣղͷʢİƽ˲䱻߶ҡ
ǸղżսУѾƣ˰ɡ
ڴηλõıѸ볡ƽȴδǰһ󷽳ˡ
šϾ½ߣ״ɳ
ֻͨɱһ·ѰƽҾƴüɢ
зʿѼǰսȻֵס
ƽ֚㽫תŨһߣȻչٻȴͨѾʮǹһᵶһָ߾ʵͷΧʿ䶼ڸߺƽʤѱͨȡ
ƽʤ˭ƽ֚㲢ָǰƽҵ壬Ѿ˷̶ܳȣ뻹ͦ
ȻףȴҲֵΪ˸еˡ
ԱǰƺҲܵ۽طˡ
ƺתļ
Ǳͬʱ߰ĺ
ͨˣݲһս񣿡
ӭһ֧ʿӵ
ʱƽ֚Ȼһ£ٿϽǧͲѰ𴦡
˵ղɳȥѾϮŵӪɽһᡢɶŲصˣôӰǳɣٶ
ϸ˰죬ŷ֣һӳżĵƵ󷽽ӽȻǡ
æԸӭ
ɽһɭϣ´Ƶһ෽󷽶˿أûҵϮ֮ɶǿͻδʮˣ¼˱ˡ
Ժһ߽ĿɶŲأ⻰ɫʱˣҧĬ죬֣ǵ֮ŵʿ̲ɣ
˵ޱڵһԲ
Է׷ü˵ɶŲư˵šԼȴʮιЩղ
ʮս⣬ǼС¡
֪ƽּҴӼƴѡҲֻвǧ˵ѡ
ѱ׼͵㣬ǵǿԶǧЩϸֻ˵ĸߵȲѡϾͳǼ۸Ĳ֣ͬսͨҲǼ۸Ĳͬ֡
սۣ˭Ҳ˵ʲôƫƫɽһǰڣÿɶŲ벻档
ǰһضɽҡŭ𴫹
ͨѱӲȡģ
Ƭ̼䷭ȥռϷ硣
ƽ֚ǰһָŲˣɳҲ˵βźʿȷʵЩ⣬βӲ׼һѩǰأ


ʮ ˭£У
Сʯ֮Сһһͣ֯־ңм䷽Բٲƽ̹̲սڡ
Գơݲ㡱ʿͷɢմǹʿʮڣף֮Ⱥһ㣬⽣ӰɱʬɽѪɺӡ
֮ͨһ㹥ƣת˲ͨ˶ն׼βӣӰƽҵı򲻹쳾䣬Ȼǳˡ
͸ǧͲԿǰһδͽӲͷƤϳˣвѪûвɾ
һǧԶƽ֚ȻԼЩˣҵĵƽţǰҰСǰҵĴ微ֱʮɡʮǰҶħְʱȺСǾǰǰղźģˡ
Ҫ˵ֱ֯񲿶еٮٮߣôôأģһսʧ֣ŲǷ֮
ƽ֚֯ҽһڲ±䶯̫ģ˵ʲô˽⣬ԴΪ⣬³˵ǣҲûİ취
˳ԵнݲҲеʮֺ棬ѯʣ˭˵СʲôҴݲǷкιϵ
ƽ֚˿ϵ֯ȶƣûسıʿֻԴãȻɽһָԷϵ·ݲͬҲ֪ˡ
ΨиճΪڷֶӳ֮һľԪһ룬ִ½ȡͰ͵ֽһ£ǰԴ˵سݲΣΪŨҰ٣Ϊʯƣ߷ʯţһ¡ԭΪ״ֵܹ֮ߣӲΡӲ㣬ݣӲڹĩ׾ãɽ
ԭˣȻݲΰܡǵĸ׵Ǻñ£߸ӣĸֱسŵڣʣ̳мҵƽ֚Ȼź棺ֽϣдЩʲôô̻ߣ
ЦˡľԪ˼һЦԴ³ʶֲ࣬Բѣ˵Ҫսڳǰͬţ¼һݼسᣬǲ֣˴¡
ƽ֚ڿ佱һ䣬νܲ׾ǰʶֲ࣬ҲûʲôҪպŬѧϰһлΪȫŵ
лľԪܼعذһݣԥһ⣺ſɶŲش˹һǹǰȥˡȻ޵վǹѲڣǡǲܸЩæأ
ƽ֚ʶüҡͷ̫⣬ǰǸ״ɳĽ˵˴Σ޴ʩչͲȫȱҲδáڿɶŲءһƾӹգǶõء
³ǾãٿԶԶһڡ
⻰ƽ֚ΪȻô𻰡
ͬΪֶӳΪϵʮдųԷ˵Ҫò̫ףҪٵаʮУһĹ˼Ҿͳ嵽ǰˣٹٰٶʮ֮ڻЩ׼ͷ
ǡСǸľԪȻ˲Ӽ۷ȴһ±˵
ƺ죬ٽȵͬţƽʱò̫
ɽһƺʲôȻһڴľ˵òҿһЩ£Яˡݡڣ˵ǸһĻɫ׼ö࣬ûҲ֪׼١
ľԪ˳Ϣ˷ܵ⡮ݡڣ֣İٲ֮ⶼпܴУֶװʮ֧ڣֶӦҲС
ƽ֚Ȼ
ԭ˵ǡݡ˴ֹ߼
ǹܣԽͣװٶȻӳü׼̶ߡڡǰԺϡ֮Уƽּҵר︶αԴ˳
ֹ֮ߵļԽԽ죬ЧԽԽˡȻ󲻿ɿ˷⡪
һǲѣֻȼλʦҼӹһ֧ٵʮ£ɱʵڲͣģǰ
̫ߣǼʦԲҲпˣ¾½òʧ⼸Ʒһֱɡ
ԣƷںȪٷгٶһ֧м۸ٹϣļ۸񣬼ϼ仺װٶȣռʹǲܵģ⻷²е㷢ӿռ䡣һ㶼оڵķѲŻȥ棬ڲɸ˵Ŀġ
ɼס˳ɱųʮ֧ϺûɫҲȡôĳɹˡ
ƽ֚ϵزɹڣҲΪãʧ
Ҳֻڷ䵽Ʒһֶ֧һʮˣһʮʮڱʮʮ˳ڡ
ƻ
ԣƽ֚Ѹٵ˵ͷԸľԪеڣҲСٲѻз½ݲ㣡עԱȣ㲻ɹҲҪóȻ¶
ǣľԪȻ
˵ֱëͨĿдͬţҪϡ
ëͨӦĵϣĿдŶе㲻̫ģҲҲи
յʮ֧ڡж
ʱǧͲһǰѱ֯ұѾȥˣӵë㡣
ڹһ˾ȥǰߵĿɶŲأҾ֮ȫҲȥˡ


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źʵ裬صĴǹɱӵĹɱĵ˿ѾλԼҲЩˣݲʢǣʿֻϳ޾޲һ·ɱ֯ҵıȥܵĶĿץݴǰ͡
뾯ƽ֚㣬Ҳ´ҿ֯Ҳ̫߿
⻰ϸ硪سҰȡΣǧ̴֮󽫡ݲڲμ˸߲֮׿˵ġ
ݲļְԭδ仰ĳ̶ȡ¼ֻҪǰ͹ˣʵҪ̫ࡣ
⻰ʮеˡ
˿ɱӡ֤ǰԽƲǰβűҲԽ²ɵһ˶ĸбҲڻ¡
ղӭսͨʮսȷУֻǹǻݲ֮ϣȻ϶࣬رһСȦͱ۳Ӱ죬սʮϣҡݲץסᣬػҵԷֱۣʹǹסǹǰ߽׼ĿнูӵıͽͳѪ볦ý
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վͷأʤѷ֡
սƽ⣬ʱͱơ
ʿ磬߸ͽ֯ɥսˡ
ݲһʮɵȻͷȴҲǿ׳ղ㶼ǴӼ쳴ɽӵܣ¶ݺηǲᡣһֱḺȫװڿӹзս֮󣬾һֵٶϵȼУʹʮƵǹˡ
ͻɽ뺣
ӱʹ棬״ҲıӴ׳׷ǹҰ̫S֮¸ҵظٷ档
ǰҶǽӽʮˣȻ⻹šβʿĳƺţȴǾ˥ͻͽĹʿһߣ֮¹ʿľٶʵֻǺֳ󣬲ķա
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ݲȻÿŹ»ϲԼͷȥһ£ʱʵһ
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Ҳ̰˽ǻȫĽǶȣеǡ
ʮǰɭսȡҶţǰһɱǵҲǵλ£֪к΢ͷ࣬һƥӣԡѪսսз죬ɱǰ̡
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ôȥҪȫϽȥľդҲܶһǰеףѴ󺰳
ǰҵŻܶߣȫ룬Ӧѿڶκԥ
˵⻰ɾͿҡǹ֮ˣǰ¶Ȼ෢ʮɴȳֱҼأ
úãʶǰҡ飬ͬԸ˵ͽСƽţ㲿ҷս
ŭ֮£˱ű򣬻ǹ۵Ľɱȥ
ǰұһֵĺڼʿסŲæгǹӭпڣĨٺתǹͷѹȥ˦ڶԷϡ
ϧӣԼҲЩϢȣǰ̹ȥǹԤƳһ㣬Էعӵ¡
ȴֱ˵ݲ㣬ûͨ뷨ǹֱȡظϺһӯ
ݲҲ£һɨæ˫ֿסʱֻһ粨ϣ֮˫һ񣬻ʹЩղסǹˡ
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΢΢һ񣬺Ȼವĵƿ֮
ϤĻҩը졣
ŵŨζ
֯ҵˣڵȻǺϤģȻݳⶪʧ֣ձʤܼһѻյ֮βžû㹻ĵҩάִģʹˡ
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žһȥԼڰٲ֮⣬˵ʮ֧䣬򡪡
Լ˱ѻĿ꣬ܣֻһʹһ֪Ǵ͸˼ƬǸۡ
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Էñ֮£֮ϣΨһ¶۾ĵطڳ˫Ŀֶһ
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ɳ˵һŸ١ıŨΪף̼ȡơ
Ÿ͹ֲûаɣǰӻҷӱ¾Լͽɱڵֱ˶
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ҵĹ£ԭ˵õġ˴ڻ泷롱ȫ޷ʵˣʿﵽһ̶ȣҲ޷ԼʿݱɻŲ·ɢ
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Һǰǰ󣬶ٵһ㹦
ŨǱߣ԰ؾĹҶһƺЮƣǣƵзעϼҲȫȻͻ˴ֲʧء
򣬵´ſ¸ڱֳ˳ԽӹģսһսռϷ磬ӹеġͽϣ·£
ϷѾܼоĳƽǧԮҪϵֳˡ
ۺϼ֮£֯ë㡢ҰҰ֧ţŸʱƣȻҲ׷ʹ򣬳ɱһ磬ȥ
֯оԼ´ʮƣ֣ȫ׷ͷΨŨЩ뷨Сʱз˶ңδʧ
ƽԮҴҼжûϴ򶷣ҲǺܲˣչʾô³ç׷ǺܽöΣע
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׵ҪģǸϽҵ֯Һ͵´ſһ̵ǰһٷԣͳһ˼룬ȷʶ
аؽڣ˲Ϣ䣬ӳ̶Ⱦս֮¡
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˵ӳľԪʮڱС棬ɱݲ֮춯֮¶٣һ֧Сֶӳ
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ڱϴżֵٹıɲⲫġȻӦŤͷܡô򵥣
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ղϳˣҲûʲô֮ٶԶ࣬û£ԼҲ˼ˡ
ΪҪЧˣȴȻѾ
ԭǿɶŲ˼׼ɱݲ㣬һֱûҵᣬ֪ǺãּľԪҶϺʮ֮ͣ⣬ԥε
ǩŲءѾ˼ߵľ磬ǹ˱ͬ廨һ裬Ⱦ׼ֻҪǱΧʧշתŲأƽصǹҲܴӦԡ˷õвӲݴһԾɱˣõбȵͬһ۷
صƽ֚ǰ֮ʱɶŲƤûƣľԪȴ崴ѪҺû˵Ҫ
ʮڱǼȫԱ
һʸк󲱾һ֦ʯͷ˽ˤ֫Ѿ⡭
ƽ֚˲»ԼӴ޴󰭣Կģ̶뵽Щʲôü
ţдŵӳȻǰָľٲѻɣܵٵаٲλȥǵнʱϼѣЩʮ֧ƵˣҼ˵ʧ
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ղһһ⣬ڿξˣСϸ˼ص㣬֪ʶϿȫûʶѾΥ
һԷĿɶŲزԲ죡ʲôٲ֮У̼ƭ˵Ļ˵ĿôԶһȷģοɱ˵нƽʿй޹
дźһӦ¶ɫ
ٲ⵽ܴܲڣҪ˽ԣ˭ҷǲӣ
ɶŲأǹȴδܲʶʱˡ
ۿҳҪƽ֚㻺ˣľԪй޹˻û˵ղҲúһ룬ٲɱнȷʵЩˣǷ񡮴ݡĿбҪһ¡ϸ룬ûʵսӿ֤Ҳ˻㱨ˡ
أдŲţΪʧľԪظһɶŲ¶ɫ
ƽ֚˵ɶŲءȻΪٲľɱǲġǸղҷʱΪβֹأ
⡭
ԡǩŲء֮ɫȥ֧֧βˡ
ʱƽڰú˶飬ҴҸϹ֯´ҵʹҲǼͬʱƽ֚ǰȥ¡


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ҳ˵ˣŨڵΪǲϣ䲻⣬һٻ״ͽǳ֣Ѿõڡ
ϷۼӸڵӢˣ٣ȴǸ绢øϽڽڰˣ´˵ɰԶˡ

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ۿҪδƽ֚æֹס
λķṦΰȻֵÿԣȻڴ֮ǰǷ˭ܹңһսȡо׼Σ

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ҶһЦ´ſ΢΢¶ӡ
״ƽ֚ʣֻǣնҵʲô֪𣿡

Ĭ
Ҷһף´ſɫӲ
ƽ֚㸴ʣδ֪ǡҸжأ

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Ҷһ죬´ſࡣ
ƽ֚ɫ䣬ʣܷܲһ£յĺսս˶ٴֶҾսɶ𣿡

Ҷһøˡͣŵûܾ׵ţ̬ʮġ
Ǻǡߺߡ
´ſſԣȴֲ֪˵ʲôǺãֻڣ⻢⾹ʮǢ
һʱΪΡ
ҶһϾֱ佫ϰ秵ĳ衣Ҫǻ˰ؾڳôױסϧ߱ɡս𺦣Ҳ˳档
´ſ֪̫ˣ˵ϹȻԼʦʯڴ˵ֻ£Ͼ˼̫ˡ
ۡʱ֯ұﲻסЦˣϣǽȴôҲڲסֻ֮⣬飬֣صƽ֚㹪ʩ˵̲ˣµļҳǴһ£ϣԹƣҾ߽ӽ٣һǧİ֮࣬ӣͨĺжѳ塣ڵ´ҸǱߣ֪
Լ˫˶ˣвϵʿ´ſӦ
˺㣬ִһʵ߸ս߼ܼսŲһǧˡԭȴңȲ˻ȥûи׷Ļᡣ
˾֪ս֮У׷֮ʱǼԷԼȡͷѻᡣ
ôһ룬ղŵҶһ͵´ſĻУԵúе㻬Цˡ
״ƽ֚⿪ѵҲᣬٶӰƽҵİƽʤ״ͽݲ㣬˶ˡټ֮˳ӣսҷȡʤɡ
Ȼ֯ҡͷЦֻʤ̰ܡβšŨһ֮ڣǸӡɽزв½ˣҵδѾԪˡ
˵⣬ƽ֚㽥̸оղԡ
Ӧü֯ңȻ¶
˽ͨʤĵ´ſֻһĶֵصĵҶһĴʤ
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Ȼֵ֯ƽ̲ˣոյϢʤ᪸£Ȼֻɱ°һѸȥƲȡŨ۷򶫣ǰԶ򿥺ӡжϹȻȷģĿǰʤȷʵǹһطǰפضӵĸӡƽȹڣȻӣ˵׼β׷Һſ˴ӸɹͻϮɽײıϧҾƣ֣ľֱˮҰԪͽǣסϾȥʤˣ
ƽ֚΢Цʾ⡣
ֻԽ⡣
ݹ⸴ŨǰҲһСʤô֯ҵأ
漴´ſˣ̲ˣһҪ̡ΪĿǰľˡҳŨӱԶ忤ձΣ
ߵҶһÿɷ񣬵ȻûзԵ˼
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ǡġ͡飬֮ǰ´ſʤ飬ͿԽͳɡΪ׼ƽ֚㷢ֵЩ˿ҲͲΪѱвˡ
ôƻ֪ɽʯġ϶ǵ´ſСӵ⡣
˵ôһأɽҲͰˣʯǴ˵е޽ôѵǱ˯ˣ
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֯ұ۵̬ȣǰʾȻռ˴ƣ׽͡
˵Ҳ֮С
֯ұͲ㣬ֻܾѵȾÿֲ飬ſҳǶηͳһָȨ
ܳɣƽ̲Ϊļ֤ˡ˶֪ݣɽء࣬ӣձƽ̲֮дƣŵۡ
´ſƽ֚׳ն
˵ЩӲǱ飬ʵϸ塣
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ȻҪǻˣ
Ȼ˲ƽ֚Ҫģǡŵۡǡš
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ƽ֚ţȴü˵λ֪ŻʦǾٳǰιذ׽ǰùϴԹŹµţڷ񹫷ˣҪ֮͵Ļ񲻵Ǹͬ棬ѹ
˻һ´ſҶһȻ֯¶ϲɫ
֡еʱһöûУеʱַǳá˿ƽ֚óԴǿ˭Ҳױ̬ˡ
ƽֵ֚ӵѹ壬˵ˣ֯ľǰҵڡѹкĿȥˣλͬҲǿ󣬶ȿȥǱЧǣҾԺս֮ϣǲΪʶԵʣصġν֮Ԥ


ʮ 
ѮԶĽ۹ǿʱڡ
ڳ֮ϣŵɫĻغǳǳ㣬ȻĿȥѵõƬϾ
˴ǱɳǸı󣬶ǰ·֮⣬ɽΧµԺ䣬Զսţܱ֤ȫ·;Ҳ̫ͨС
˵ǳеĺȥ㳾ԵδˣʱҪ´ãʧȥϵǿ΢Ϣһӡ
Ѿίи˸ٲɱӣݴõܵЭͳʲôһʱʵҪŴأǲ׻صλˡ
ȻΪ͵ʵڲ
ݽҹ̬ѾԽԽΡһ治ã˶ʱ˯Ŀҡ
û취ʱȡ棬ϵġ
˼šӡضصҽҲలҩЧ΢ɫ
Ƕ˵ҩʯֻשˣع壬Ǹ취ǧٹȲۡ
õԪǳɾͰҵŵıҪˣһִⷽ಻òȡҽʦļ⣬ԼλһԶȨ
һսµĽҪͷ
˳ᢣǧûġ
ѹвĵ´ҿɽءѹƸĵ´ſͬʱӹڣʤСӵĲӸһռݣһ֮бָɲܼ˵Σ˳ֵأԸƣߴȡ
͸üʢˣϽʤңټ֮ĶԽǰƱϱӦڽ֧Ԯβš
κȻӱǸ⣬վǳʱ仹ܶҡ֡
ǳȻԤһ㣬һӵأԸ߿Ӳͷˡ˽ľˣѵԵöࡣ
˳˳ˮֻһط⡣
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绽ˣ־費Σôӣû⽻ֶλסƽϣҲδӾ½ǶṩȥΧٰܣϼҶ˽
ǱȪȵص͸ǣȻȡһɹȴԶԶش
ȻƽЩжһܱйܼڵβǰߡ
Ϊ谭
Դƽ̲ٸŚ㡣
ϭϵں
˹һҲԴ֮壬ֱ´һЦ
ȻðͷеĻ̶ҲиߵͲ𡣵´ҸԴϵĹϵȫǺӲȥƽּҵαΰ飬ҵѪȴ൱ߵĿŶȣֻһ˵ΪԴɡ
Ȼʸһǰߡ
Ȼƽ֚㱻ʹ޵ԭαףڳϴ鷳
ʮأòϢ֡
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βŷأǷ
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ʵѾ㹻ɫˣֵøĸԺӢ꣬ƫƫƽ֚˾ĺ֡
һҪһ㽡ǰ谭С
ôţͿ糾͵Ķӣ˼УɫӣɢͷսսشſŲһԣڵأȫһš
״ˣˡ
˵鲻΢΢
Ȼ̬࣬ȴʮǰ˻֮󱻸ʱ޶¡
ɵӣǺİ̳ϵѪСʱ׳軵ˣƢûҵеԺͳǸ
˵Ƿûжȥŭŵˣͷһ̿ˡ
ֻ۾һһ̾ʵɣ˵˵ɣƽ̲ΪѾ˵ģ

׼ʤǲԾŵĿɿڴ
սľر˺ðڣʵûĿƭùϵҲû뵽ûʼ˵ͱʶˣ
ʱĿ࣬ɫҰף֪νӻ
״̾һ̾öˣͣô׷ֵݳǣӵɽء࣬в¼ɣҵȻҲ⡣ϲȥһˣ㰲ģû뵽˷áϲĳɽʮܣб䡭Ҳ̫ˣȻû뵽Щȿȡȡ
Υ˵ô໰̲סҿ
ؿһ鴤ɫָ˼֡
Ѿˣе˼Ȼʤ䤱
븸һҪ壡
ʤȻûӿԴؿڵϡ
赣ģҽʦ˵˲޶񼲣Եҩһɡҡҡͷ̧ʾ˵¡
ʤٸһһʮǰ߷¼˳
ϵƭΪḶ́ʤҧгȴǰƽţ·
˵ǵ´ſϵԼĶüʮɻһչ
ٵоƣԼʮΣգԽΪ˵ĲԣֱŨ᪸ǣһŨɽ·۷
Դҡͷ˼֯࣬ƽ̲㡣
ǡʤδɣһŽ̻ӡ
ƽ̲ˣں΢תۣҪһЩҲǳ¡Ҫʧȴ˶־ٵȼ꣬㵽ͣʤδء˰ο
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ԴʧҡҡͷǸңĲʤߣһҪսһҪȿȡȡ
ǡʤһεͷȥ
ɣ㿴۹˸ؿڣȻԱߵԺָȥ˵֪𣬴һֱ򱱣һĻҰǱɮֲġջҩΪȡ
˵ʤԻƬ˲䷴ӦˣǼɽˮ΢һرҪѳʳʵڲҲҪֹ˾ҪԶˮʮֲָ࣬ʵĻȡ֡
Ҽ쳵ʿûȥ׷أ伫οͷ˲ȺӢһ̳
ǡȴֽɽʤɻ󲻽⡣
⻰Ҳδ֪ˣʱ˵ˡЦ⽥ʧɫʼ֣ڴɽɽпݽ֮ơԤڲ룬ʮڽΪĶɡ
ʤΪ漴ְɥԭˡǡ
ġ۾Ҫ£Ϊа취İɣһشݵҲһ̷ɣƽ̲УҼҵ죬Ҫܲ嵽ĵؽ硣ҡ뿴ˡ


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ƽ֚ᳵӸϵǰߣǡЮ֯ǿдһ̣ӵľ棬Ҳ˲ٵ顣
޵յУԸܵõ⼸Լ֯²ܻӭ̶ֱ»
ĿǰϾȥϸ΢ĩ֮¡
ˮҰԪ׹ȳǵ꣬ˮ½·ͨ߶ɼӰ죬һղˣѰǰ뿪ӣȲѣ¼ˣԵع顣
֯ҡ´ſʱ޼ԸҲƺûмļǰѹв
ƽֻ֚ջͣһڶһ磬ͣ㣬۷ʱصԼҾӪ
⣬ҲԪڴʱ䣬˶֪ո֮ȵǼ֮˳ǳأǰƽ־ϡ
ƽ桢дһ뱾£ƽ֚һֶһӵ˳ľӡ
֯ﳤ桢дͲɲţҲڸ֯ҵĶ顪ݿ治ףմҵʱĪ˶ӣټ̸մĪֱ֣˻ǲǹġ
ǵи̬ȣƽ֚㲢û취ʩѹı䣬ֻǾû̫ҪǧͷĶ飬ҲԲ˶ʳռ̫أոͣ׳׳Ҳá
ֳܱһõ
ºսƷûǵķˡ
һʱڣﳤסҳͨ֯ӣ׹ȳǽ͹ڲϤصΣȱеˮҰԪܷǰЧһ㣬ֻ˲һٸбѡ
ƽ֚δãɺȪڽʮҰլһҹشˮһǧЯӦزϵ
Ź¡ܵѹͬľ㳤ǰҧŵ˽ٴμǿˮϵ֧Ԯȡ
ˣҳǷ׷ϣӺϷڻϹǡ
ʵʲʱִ˳ǿٺʵˮûôԽڵ̣빥ǽʮǿֻա
ϸ۲һ׹ȳǹģȴǲʵṹգֺֻҪʵأȷʵǲ׹ˡ
ǵĹģСʱƣΪıչխͨ״һ򵱹Ī״̬
ˮҰԪ˵һǧٵǧĻž־ᶨƵĹأǲ̫öԸ
нΪҪʮҵΧܶȡ׹ȳǣһЩΪҪʮʮգáȻҹ͹϶ܴӿٶȣֻ־һܾˣʿʿĥҲء
ʱսأ
ƽ֚βԺ󣬾ۼģ趷־ݣ˸ɽأȵֻʮչû뵽СС׹ȳǾȻͷۡ
Ȼʱ²ֺ赲ʧС
ȱͻʱһسǷøĳ׼ҲֻͽκΣοأ
˾ʱĥѡ
ͨ˵ᶨĹڣӦѡֶΡˮҰԪԲһᶨͶҵˡͽ
˲֪ʲôƭΪᱻƽ֚ϴΪǿɱﰲΪ׵ĽǧȪڡ
¾û취
Ȫ˲ʹ·Ĺȵȸغ壬ٻ̬ܱѩޣƽάҳİȫԺɻôô
ܣ볤Զ۹Ͽﰲ˵ʵڱ׵ġ˼Ȼû˵
ԺƽͲÿˡ
򼯽ᣬعƣȻľ£еóΧһµ׼
գԤƻĵأһˮҰԪĳǷͬʱʱ̾ȷ沿Ƿٴͷ
֯ҡ´ſڼæոʧأβš½صķݵ㡣
Ȼȵȴǵ´ҿϢ
ӱɳͻΧʹߣ糾Ѫ۵سƽ֚ǰ
һȥԶأƽ̲ΪҼҿóȻǰΪΪá
ֱԣźȻ͹ҼҶٶϮ䣬Ұֱ˳ǣ鱨Ͼ֪ξڱɳǰϾʧ֮Χǿƽ̲ʮ֮Ԯ
˽п࣬ȫǵ´ҿ硣
ɼȷʵʮΣˡ
ƽ֚ʱ󾪡
漴´ſǰпԮ֯ǰʾע
´ſΪӿ϶ܿϵôһ£֯ҲܲԸʧȥϻĻ塣
ԶȲ㹻Ťתơ
ˡ
ƽ֚Ҳ⽹
۵´ҿǶסѹᵼ¡ַս⵽شۣʹˢļƻҲҪ
ҲΪ˽ܣŴƬ̵öʧܴɵľ棬˿ΪûɱʤɽءǳȫͶ뵽Զһٽ´ҿ
ԭƽ֚˼·βšԾƶݴͣ÷ߵȴ˽ġһ˿϶ܲ˵ߵѼӷɵ϶Ҫһسİ
ô֮ΧԽɡ
û뵽Ȼʵ
ڵЩΧԮΧ´ƽֵ˼ˣ
СС׹ȳǣȻΪ伬ֵˡ
֪´ҿѾ˶ΧھĺͲδؾˮҰԪλȴԶԶˮҰԪ
׹ȳǳٳٲܿˣǱɳǳ⣬ƿν
׹ȳǣȥսҲܲǡ
ԼɸӣĲ˼Ǳȴһ˼Ҫ壬Ҽ쳾ҰսһǺġ
ôأ
þɳҳͨٹһ¹򣬾͵֮֯´ũΪҪսʱƱҪżرԶ㹥˱ɣϰ಻ӡβšҲ˵зθѾС˰
ԴдһϡǳҰ˸еԺԭ֮һϯԶβľ棬һһǵĿͱɽԶһȻڶҲ֪ƽϵ
Ƚĺﳤףڽ߲ڳ£Ȱ˵Զʧأ֯´˵Ȼз֮ʹȴޱȻսˣջķᣬþգپʤΣ׹δΣȴӾƺез»
ǷǳֱԲط˵պʩУΪ֮ʱ䣬Ƴʮ꣬߸ȻѾҪ棬ɶԵ´Ųأ
֮ﳤҲֲŭֻǵȻʣʱıԹˣµһߣ֪кߣԽң
ǺǡŹЦһ£ңۼѧı֮ı£ԶԶˣȻԡֻǱ׼˼֮̾ͽĵ֮ű˽ҪһЩ
Ժν⣿ﳤȻޱ飬Ȼ
Ųţǿߣᡭ


ʮ ʿ֮ı
ɺԣԼþգΪϣԮɳǵĵ´ҿˡҪͬʱǵĵ´ſŵһҿ˿֮ƣҼҽȫ֧ſȡ֮Ϊ´֮Ϊʹ˵顣
ŵͳȻɤھص
ǡҪĶ´ڷ𣿡ﳤɫ䣬ɳǵļҿǷн֮ƣȫǿô˵ģּһҲ֡
ǵ´ұڷ׵ļѡŵЦŽ͵һ㡪˾þ⣬δ֪ˣεºܣԹĶڷأ
ȻҲű֮磬Ҳû˵´еڷ׼󣬲˼վǸӣóȻ䣬Ѷʵ̫ߣ²̫ܳɹǰɡдһϱʾɡ
ôһۣͷ˵ӵıˣһЩ󱣳磬ϢܸʤһЩǵſˣ֮ģǵ˾˵ˣڱɳǱߡˣٵҲˣβ˵أ
ѵϯ߲ļٽһֱŽС΢̬ȣ˿̱㵽Ҳֻͷȥֻ̿Ӧ˵ȻҲǳӣ׹ʾûκν飬ʲôҲ˵
⻰ﳤüвáдһޱ飬ϲŭ˶û˵ʲô
ƽ֚Ĳɵᡰšһ·ǱʾͬԮ飬ܵĽӡԶȫ浹ϡ´ڶĻܱ֤ӵȶ˼Ȥд⡭
ȻȴҲҳС
ֻδ϶ɷ
źڴκ˫Ŀѯʵˣô͵ԤĬϵ´ҿ˻һ²⡣Ƕ֧֣Ǹǵĵ´ſһΪβ丸һͶأ
ȻΪƽϣӡԶ˼ĿԲ󣬶Ҫ̶ﳤײ˼ӦȻ򣬡ЩˣǰùͨĻɳǵļҿˣδػջ𣬷ܰϲҲδ֪˵˼һǵſж
ôһ˵˲Ŷ˱ŵϸı
ӵ̾
ֻһЦ˲佫¶ķâ˻ȥ
ֻƽ֚Ȼ޶ԡ
ʱҳͨҸ֪⣬׷ʵ˵ߡղŵ˼ǡݲͬľ²ԣӦı԰ɣ
ȻҲҳɴ˹Ȼۡŷȥʩ񣬡ղֻǻڲԮɳǵվֱԮɵĻȻбĴ÷
Ժν⣿ҳͨܺðɫʡ
ҪԮɣôҪ´ҿ˵ȻˣǸӾûбҪˡӦֻҪǣЧԶ֮Σŵ۹⿪ʼ
Σҳͨĵٴѯʡ
׹ȳڱսΪǡֻʲѡˮ·ƹֱ˿ӣ쳡ŴӦΧκԣǱе
ǺǡдһϳʮƵЦݣ˼ƣǰ뷨ıϡֻ˼ȥ޷ǡ֧ˮ·һ˼쳵ɽأγأ
дһϵ˲ͷ
ȷʵΧκǺЧļƻʤݳʱҲһУ᪸ܵɱһ
ڣѾŨӱȵزܷӦ᪸ǳˡ
Ŀǰȫ洦ƣκ˹¾ϮȥΧﶼûѾˡ
ƻֱʧŵˮ׼˲⿴һۡ
Ψƽ֚һŵĹʡ
ŻɵĿ⣬΢ЦŻдˣĻЩˡǵ֧ȫ۷ܰ´ұסɳ𣿡
һԾ
ﳤӦסҡͷ̫ȡΪ󽫣ô´һ෢Σᾡʧġ
ҳͨʮֲΪȻȫ۷ļƻûУʿ֪·ҲԸִ˵·㻩䵹ˡ
дһϷʾͬϽսʮչֻҪɳϵĲã㹻ʱ䣬´ıɳǼתΣΪΪȫֶʿ飬ҵȲϱûȥϵġ
ųŻӦ֧ƫʦȷʵʮΣգһ黹֮žжԸðžһΣȥȡǰ̡ʵϣҾΪһˡ
ƽ֚Ȼü
ڵԣֻ뵽һЩҵ¡
ڴԽߵļУƵ顭´ΧڣڴԮֻ˼ǧƫʦæһͿأ˽ܡ֮͡xxxɹѣĳùս⡭
Ϊⲻһüҳƺ쵽ʲôûͣ
ҳͨٴηʣ׳һơ
ıԶǣ㣬ʵĪҴȡʾǰԶһսĻ˵и׹ȳӡ
ޣ˵˵ƽ֚ƺҲһȤ
ˮҰԪ֮ɱҼҵˣȻ꣬ʵƭ;¡Ǻ׽ġ֯´ҳ棬ȰͶɸΪ񲯣񲻿ա˵˸費һ
²סҳͨʾԣǲʲôᣬ֮˺֣ɱҼڣˡˣֻв¡
߿ɲδ˵Ҫˡ˰װ޹ӡ
ղšҳͨƬ̣Ӧ˼ǡŪһϷ֯´棬ŵˮҰԪȫװ֮ץסԴ©ǿ˴ˡһ֯´ҶǱȻЩԹޣڶԿҪҲҷͬʱĹڶ֯´ǿҵĲĻֵĻ˵࡭
ǺǡҹɫǲŹҶ
ﳤײ̾øʿʵңҵͬţǵˡ
дһϡҼΡٽ˴ʱ˹׷׵ӵı飬ʿͬŸеֲΪɵ
γײװ˯ˣ˫Ŀű´ȲƳ磬ҲǱģɻ
ͬɻĻƽ֚㡣
ڳǰĬôжѴ˸塣
ŵļԴһʧûļԣҲھ޲ߡ
˲ǡ
ŪĵĶƣΪʲô˽½ԣƫƫڼλسڳʱ˵أ
Ӫʿ󣬶ʲôô


ʮ ȻΪ´
֮ƽ֚·Ŵεгص˵ͷ״ɵؿ˵ְɣţ˵Ĳν㵽˶鲻ͬӦԷܺãҼҳǶıһ
۵ʱ򣬵ҵһ˵ɫԷ˱䶯
Ȼƽ֚ĿбӣԴƺȫȻδ˶٣·˼һ´ǣЦȻʲŸλԣһܲ׵ĵط
һﳤסҳͨŽԸоȣдһϡٽҼΪãȻΨ˼
ͻĻǸոӵǰߵǳҰһȫһ㶼ÿɳܷܽı飬ǳǷᡣ
Һû˻ᵱ
ƽ֚ûڹŪ飬ָ壬ͬʱֱˣӣλһ£ǧӺȪٵ˵أķǮĲڣΪʲôأѵΪ˴֯´ϻȡءĻرֻҲɣ
ʱκȻڨЦ£뿪Ц̽ش𵽣ȻΪ´壡̧ѱ͢ǰιذţһݲŸս񹫷ĵλ˾д棬ʮģΪַΪΪʿԴҪȫ֮ˣ
˵úȻͣؼüŪۣı˿źͷ̵ζ
ƽ֚δţ۾ͺЩЭСصͷܺãδƣΪ常֪壬ʮο
ҲڳӦٴȻڱɳǵĵ´ˣʮΣյľ棬ȴ׷Ȱ˵פ㲻ǰȻɣպ󶨻ɣܼöطİǣΪ˴
հԶ³ܽˡԮɳǣȻڱСȻﳤ̲סԣȻʮֽţôξԮֵ˼ǵ⡣
Ϸ򿴣ϵ¹ҵʱ̸ҳͨӹͷҪչʾҼҾЭĶ־´չʾ
šñķԣȻҪСĽԷһôϸҲ֡ƽ֚΢΢ͷȱɳǵ̬ȣǲɵġ
˵ƽֳ˼̬֮һȻĵͷҲ
ȻҲδµɻ󡪡Ȼ󲿷˲ԡ
˼³ֱİҼȴǾֱڣɻʵСĽͬʱչʾᶨƵ̬أˡС޶ۣʵ벻׸ָˡ
ƽ֚е⣬ЦһЦԲݷش˵ʱҵӡ;죬ͻᳯŶɳǵķƶԶȶ֮ǰһԶǲ԰ģжõ֤
סҳľ̾ȴ̧ͷ˵
ƽֻ֚δ˻ȣʼʽ
¾ɣﳤףǽ񽻸ˡȷõ´ſţһб䣬һȫ֧̳е´֮λҪſ֣ȴߵſʼʯƽ׼ȡиܸӰĸɽȻ򵥣һûҴʦЭģټӻЩ档
ǣ
ﳤ׸ɾط
һĹȽó۸ӵ˼⣬ӦֳԼʤΡ
ƽ֚ͷŷʩֱǳҰȥϵ֯´ңǴЭæȰ˵׹ȳͶҪˮҰԪԵõԭ¡İʾκ־Ϊ֤𣿾ͬȪ˴򽻵һϷ
ޡˡġ
ǳҰᡣ
Ҫְóж̴򽻵ĻἫܸ࣬ѧˡ
ƽָ֚ҳͨʱȫ򶫽Ͱźн˳⣬Ӹѡһǧ֮ʿľ㳤ϸһᵥġ

ҳͨЩ̫ףǵûж졣
²⣬񱾶˵ô򵥵Ϯŵкһиı仯档
²⵹Ҳû
Ȼֵһ
ΣϽȥ½˵簴ǰԼַȥ˲أ
ʲôšˡûֻǿЦ
ƽְصӣ֮ȴʮصͷ⡣
µװҪַٽһе棬תͷһҼκɫƺ֪ʱ⡣
һƴ󽫣֪иߴǧʯţԼλСû¶κ
ƽ֚㾲һֿصţ޵ְɰȷʵǲ⣬Щ뵽ˣҲṩµĽǶȣЩȫû뵽ġһ룬о⣬õϡȻҪԱãȴòָʹһѵ㡣
˹Ը³֮¡ź侲طʩ
ϰͬͶָӵĿ⡣
ô͡鷳ȥһ˱½ɡƽ֚ʶ򱱿ȥ
½ɼ𣿡Žյһ¶֮ɫɼƺһԽеķأлҲǡ
ûžһԽǣɼġƽ֚¶һ˿ɫˣʯɽԸеϵɮ˵ЩҵķԷҲܾѹסҲǸոյţ֪һ㡣ôȻˣҲܲ޶԰ɣ
³Щʲôأźܴûѯ¼ϸڣȹעԼĲ¡
е⣬½һɼҽͣ
һŸӾˣʶ񼸺ɡ
̵ĺսֲ⻹ô⣿ѵһڻͬóԽиɼ߷ɼԸóԽиһڣ
ɴײͷ˾䡰
û˿Թ
ͬţеֻеüá
֮ƽ֚Цһ£䵽ţҪѣȿغ˱Ըµ¼ˣȥ½ЩԽվȽŸһͽȻûзҵĵȻʯɽˣͳȫֵģ̫Щߴֻ֮ҪӺءܵǵͽȫֻ֣ƾԽһأȻɼĶɡô˵𣿡
Ȼܲˡ
Ų˽ΪһŽһģ˭֪ҲиӵڲϵҼĿռ䡣
ƽ֚ʵɲˣĪԼͽ𣿡
ŴãĿȾ˼룬㽥ǵԼŵģһһˡ
ӶЦڲ֮С


ʮ 16ĳԮ
յ´ҿԮ֮ĵڶ磬ƽ֚㿶飬¡岻ݴǡķ룬Ȼ򶫽
ֻ˼׹ȳǵˮҰԪ
ɵǰפǰɳǣȫԼ߰·̣70оٶҪգǼоĻܵ
ƽ֚˼һڶֵأһᡰ󵨷ԣСñͳɵӣÿǰƶһʮ16ȷ֮󵽴Ŀĵؼɡ
ڱɳǻ᲻ڰ·Ͼʧ
´ӵΪˣ֪֮Գɽ˵ټʮգһʮաȲ˿ǡҾҪ佾꣬ȲǰŶԵ´Ӵ˵ķս
ƽ֚˽͵ġ
ȻⲢصŷ
´ſһֶȥüë̬ҲͲô˵ϣ˵ЩУһһǹҲҪԮɳǡ֮಻ʱ˵ĺݻƾҪߡ
оҳǺ͸Ƕ׷׸еߣ̲Ǽ壬ƲֻǵǱգȽһЩˣϳɳֹ֮٣˵ǡСأ
ƽ֚ȴֻЦЦС£αؿ
νɰٴ黳Ҳ
ﳤ뻢ͨ˸ǵϲϵȻɽʯĿģһȰס˵´ſƽ׼취ϵɳǣѯʼҿ
ǵȻҲеվԾԮҼҪиӦ³ǣһҹ֮ɢˡ
ƽ֚ļţӵϲ״ʿԴʵǷǳּġ
Ϊ´ҿǿɣϣͣ˲뺮΢֮ʿġӵܱʮܡ֮£ԵˣܺúơԣӦ˵ǡʺ塱
´ſǻѪһɱоȸĸʦһƣû⣬֪ÿ컹Ǹֻܸƽ־Ĳǰϴ
֯ңĻԱƽ֚㻹Ҫ࣬ҪʼհܾȥβŨˡ
ļҳҲȱս⡣
⵹ȫǼȻη绢
սʤٰܶ࣬Դսڣ֯ҵֱ챾Աʮأǰս֮²һ롣
βŹ̫ɿŨֵþ裬Ҳвٵ
ϽƵȼԱҴѹֻϻ֯ңʵṩһһ䡣
ƽ֚㻹Щ˵ЩҪսȥ֧Ԯ
ʮУ֧ԮƵĽ죬ддһϣȴһҰ˴ǰìܡһͳһΪҰ
֮˵֯ҵʮֲϣܵ´ҿôΣôûæˡ
Ȼƽ֚⡰壬𡱵İڲ࣬ʲôĻǾ̫˰
֯ҲǽǽǧִβšŨУȡǧռǧơ
ӵΨһһӧسˡ
ȻǿаѸճΪƽּŮȥ˸
ˣս໥շǺ۹ͣƽ֚Ҫӡ
˾βˡ
ⷬۻ칦Ҳƽ־
ǣǳ˾ʮֻսų٣ֻʱ׷ˡ
ʱƽ־ŰٶԼʮ룬ΧǲӶš

ʱ䣬ƽ֚չһ¾ɱݲʱʵ
ûɶĿɶŲطǳ֡׼벻ܳһٶʮĹ۵㣬ľԪвȣ֮Ҳվ˳
Ȼƽ֚ʮĸϤڵںӱ˼γԡ
ȫѡڣֱڲͬľһֱߵĴΪӡ
ϡ
ٲľϣÿ˸һһ˽еģıԵ
ʮһаģһ˴⻷ƫ
ٶʮȻֻеģһġ
ƽʮĿ꣬ǹ˰û̫ѿ
˵ľԪ˽ӽٲ֮ڣȷʵȷľƽ֚ԣٲĻиʿܸвƱͷࡣ
༴֤ãûô
ƽ֚ۿݡʱ︶ڰʮ߳ʣٲңԲˡٲһС˵
ͺˡ
дѯ¡
պо;յظ︶̹ϣԼڵڲ죬ߵĿ̻ҩȣԼӵλȫУָƣ䣬ͨʿǲ̫ܽӽˮ׼ġ
ΪǰԺϡĹھҲȷԶˡ
ҲΪˡ̲ǰչ¶ѱ֡ܲ˵ɣ
ȻСΪʱһûγɡʽƷʶܡݡѾǸŬˡ
ǵһ㣬ƽ֚ûֻ̫ᵽҪϸ̣ģսʵʵﴴ
ƶȸĸһȥҪʵʩ
ô˵ͨʮ֮ڲֵ׼ʮȫԷǺõ̫ࡣ
ľԪΥ£ֻѵһ£û䵽ʵ
Ҳûˡ˴ǧ֯Ҵ׷һʱ
ɣɮ濴棬Ҳֻмһˡ
еĳ۷̽Ĵ²á
ƽǧ֯ǧǧλڱɳԼʮ๫ﴦŸһǧߵɽǰпʮಽСռŵ
սһߣΧסɣһչͣ඼ȥĲӣоǰں˿ڴΧԮƵġ
Щ鷳ˡ
ԾɳǺĹʿƽ֚ȴӵ´ҿ򽵷
ȻҲǺ鷳ģǰСӣǰߣֱߣκεɽһƬƽԭ̹;ֻзǳ׿ԽСɽСϪˡ
ҲԶһֲʳķˡ
ȥ̣Զִףո߸衱˵ڴˡ
ռƵ£˺ڱε̹;ȥҰսƵļžţô̫ǡ
ƽ֚˼ȥǵԳжΪͬʱòõ´ҿס׼
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ϸ꣬˿ûʮˬظ˵̲֮˾ԸΨһԸʿ䣬վɱ֮
ƽ֚ù죬æȰ裺Ϊǧ֮²ա
˹ҡͷ֪βžսڣǾѡ̲һΡ
Уп֮⣬ԼЩ־档
֮ƽ֚㲻ɾ̾
ϸһ˿½ڻ¶ɴɫЩ԰ףȴֳһѶɵʡ
Ϊİ಻֪ȥ


ʮ ǿ֮ĩϣ
Ԫ꣬³
ɳϣʱ۾漴޷˯ˡ
Զź󣬴˿פӪںߣ㲻̫ߣʱܾһ˿׵һڲƣʹ˾ʢôҪϢ
ÿֻ˯˶ʱȻĿ˼άݣӹҲ·ǰЩЩ
Լƺػഺơ
λġѡżҲ峿ѵʱԼӰݷá䲻ʱһ죬緢ȴҲӦ괺۲ӵ⾳
֪ǳĹأǴӲɹĲҩЧ
Σþͺá
ȻҲ֮޹ʧͷȣȵһЩ֢״覲褡ǿıӹ¡أѪ̥ⷲȫܣֻǲҩҩԹȣЩ΢ĸðˡ
ֹ۹һ£ƽԶս֮󣬻ص쳣ԽĲüҳ֮ЩòδŮӣǳʵһ»ķѾõԺˡ
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ʵڻúܡ
ȥű˰٣ҽǰزΡ
ɼνˡ˵Ҳδöǿ׵ġ
۾΢һҪ˷ʱ䣬ɴȥһºˡ
Ǹɾط𴲣Ҳûˣ˼£ƿ̽
յƣͨ͸һࡣæź֮⣬ʱġ½ϰڡЩСǷΪΣֵ֤޼ϡ
ҹĸˣϲ
˳ԱŨϣģҲϡ裬׻ˣƲԹɫϲŭΣǽ֮
ϲϣ죬ʩһԱߵȡһֽ첽ϣݴˣʱǰ鱨оĿͲãѾ֪ˡ
šӣ粽ǰҪӣȴ֪һûʵڵϣһģЩ
Ǹ𴲣Щ㱰ɡ
Ϊⲻ󣬲£ֻԽȡ͵£ֽϵ֡
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һ֮ǰݴ˻Գơģ죬֪ʱȴȻ˱ܻһ໰ˡ
գ֦ͨϢʱֻȰһ䡰ݴ΢壬Ҫ̫͡ǵȻŭҪ
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֦Ǽ״ԪѡΪĲͷ֮ȢɽزĹŮţνǵϵеĵϵеš
˵ˣⲻñһѵ⣬ôϲ޸ĽȻֻܸӵսսı˿ˡ
֦˵þͰˣٲҲܶԣơֻмˣȰݴʵ
ϧؼ쳣æƱһʤ֪̫ûۣһʾʵʵͷţһֱûκβԵĵط

ϲһǱѾЦƽ֡֯֮´಻˰ˡ˿ǰӡβصöʧվش֯ƣѾ⡣
״ϲæӹͷҼǵãǰ˵Ψһǵģƽ̲۶βְȨǽҵĴ󻼡ڿᷢ
ǰԾһüëϲˣʱҾ˵֯ػԶѷ丸ŲԸƴӡƽ̲δ̫ϧʼշŲȥȡ֯ϵĻҵΨһǡҲֻԷһѡ
ԭˣ˵ļȻ޷ȡϲ״
ˬʴЦȻƨСӣװɵװò񣡵ȻȴͦȤģ
ϻװ̫Ϊɵô죬һŨ𡭡ϲиһ£ЦЦȻתΪ̽ԷԵƽ̲գŴβԶν¡Ժհֻںһ࣬Ű˼ҵη֮ʢҿǽ֮˵Ҳ˵
Ȼƽ̲ȷʵֻھһЩ穰ˡЦҳ˵ʿ֮ŲھԽɼǰǿʢҲֻӱŨҰΪˡ
ϲæδ͸λĹԸƽϲֻ̽󣬸Ҫа
ˡͷкη𣿡
ЩֵעġϲæӦǡҵӲ˵ƺǱһټʮУҲǴܿǿľɱ¾ãƽּڵϢӰģҲʲô
ƽּȷʵЩڡüֿʲôߵģȳھ׼࣬װҵҲƺǲġɣ²ҲܹӣдһȥսУָʿΪ񣬲һζ¶ݣϽһ֣ΥߣնԲ빦
ʿרעָӲӣ±һͺѳΪĿˡϲϳ֮⡣
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ȷʵ֡ƽ̲ôŵءͷһ룬Ȼüһȵȣ˵֯ˮҰԪȫ٣ƽ̲δͬ˴£
ӦǡӦĬϵİɣϲԥ֯ҲԽ޴Ұ
ǺǣĬϡЦϲ㻹̫ˣն֪֮갡ƽ̲µ˼·ҴŲµˣߺߡ
⣬оһĴšϲǵת˻⣬˵Щİҥ´ӵҿѾս´ſѾλΪˡʱжϣ⾿оżȻģ˿ġ
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ڰʮ ǿ֮ĩУ
ʣϲԴʱ÷ɿ졣
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ǶϵȴԽ˵ԽˣԴ֮Ȼ򣬲ϵָʾϸʵʩ취ҳһҪİ£а
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˵ǡʤףȷӵͷϴŲС˵ֻǶϾƽ̲
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״ƿ⣺ȻҹǸһʱѲһΣغĶˡʲôֵһ𣿡
У˵ʤԴ΢̧һ㣬Ҳһ˿ϲã䵽賿ԷһҹϮʶƣһεоһӣֻ¶ʮ׼ڶҸģ˳ˮۣնƽּҰˡϺߵģǼڣӺصͷĿ֮һĸԼ
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أһϲᵽɤӼ䣬ʶ˺С
һ֮ǰ֦Ѿ˵ƵĻȻһѵ𷣣򷢻ȥѺˡٲʱҲСزҴǼۡ
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̤ȥûȴһӭͬײˡ
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ȴǺ侲ҡҡͷƽ̲ˣеӸ潻ֵģʲô춯𣿡
ȷʵУʤʸջ˿ɫǺ죬пڵƽ־೵ӣǰģǡ
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Сɣʤʲ̫ȷּᶨƣбԶһʽǰʮ5001000ףͣ
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ôʤǰΪƽϴӺģʳڿܼڼ䣬ҲЯиõľģõƴװɳ
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ǳ𣿡ź˼ҵǴӱӡɣɽͨ㣬սͨСԶһȴѵõƽԭҲԴˮ·ò
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ʤʺϲ࣬Ĭȴ
˲תɫձгĴЦȷʵΪǡƽ̲Ȼһ·ӺȪԶ·;ңԶмҪԸ֧ԮϽͱƣҼȷսڿѾǿ֮ĩνҿǹʲɱɣ
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ԭˣֻɱ
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ֻϲ΢΢òסԼܵ⻰еԲԣƺΪʿ˵ġ


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֮಻죺ɳܳʲô״𣿵´ӹȻ·Ƿڽ֮£кμƲ߿ʩ

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ڵһ𣿺ܺáܽˣʤȡһ֮졣ʾοˣִ֧ôˣ
ش˵ɳ桢ѱҾռ죬֮ĳǽٻؾڽʣˡֹգ´ʮݵʿȷڿս֮ƲһǧˡҰѾٶڸ죬ǻһЩս϶ǲܳԮȱɣҸΧЩûʲô⣬ֻǡ
˵ֹƺǲ֪ôǡ
ǲǺ˳𣿵һְ취ⶼԣֻҪõ´ӵɡ˵һɫȻȻسǵĵбûʲô߿ãȴüչһҾڲ鷳ǿӱë
㣬֪֮¡άһ䣬Ȼȥ˵ϸʼĩС˲δȫŪ壬ٴ˽ɡ
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ʶ㣬һʱҲԶԡ
ٲǾ鼫ḻĽ죬ͳŨҰɵصȵصġڡսͺóճ߶ȣôη˴
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Ȼͷ˽ˡ飬ڼɵֻΪȡʤıҪŨҰʿҲȫܹӲĳܵˣոҳƳԶˣŶֲӡΨӡй鰡
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ƽ־ɿ˿Ȳʮϸ󣬽ʱͷӦӭϡ
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СɽïĲӼмԣ˳嵽ʮԶŹӳʯͷȻγǹ˳档
⻹ڴδսһʱƽ־ŴΪҡƵƽ桢Ҽε˷׷վǰѹ
Ȼɷĵоɱǰ
ͶʯģȻ˸ǿ׳֮ۺſںųɱżɽеҰϢ˼ʸ٣۾ǰģŲõֱ죬ʵˡ
Сɽïʿ䣬ǰһߣۿҪӵɱ
ԭЩĵĳ󣬵ǰϸһܣҲܰСżٱܣ˵һһȥ
ֻһľ壬ƤҶݡƲȵȣ֪Ϊʲôӡ
ϰֻ൱ԵСդѡ
ֻǲ֪Ǹֶ̺ڹǸġ
ڴʱÿŵսϣõǸ̴ֶھӣ׷׷У𻨡
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ĺøʿĶ䶼Ҫʧϡ
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ϲٵطܵУȴûκʹֻľѡ
Ƭĳ޷վȣ̺ء
漴ʲô֪ˣֻһֽˮԡеİС
һ˲俴Ĺ⣬ѲԴ֮޷üĴĸİԭ޸ھӵ÷׽úȴжԶɱԼƭ˵һԮսļҳ

󲿷ֵսϣֻװ˼򵥵ĵľ壬һŴֶڡ
Ҫλãսϸ׼ǿһеĳڡ
ÿҪ伸ٿӵ̼鷳ĽҲôʱУǰ߶ڶֵĻᡣ
ȻѾ㹻ˡ


ڰʮ Ƭ׳У
Сɽïµ֮Ѹ٣ƽ־ֻ֪һԱߴｫ챻У֪˭
Ҳû˭뵽Ҫȥ׼зʿ
ƽּҵʿ¼٣ҲԾ޴ı춯ȱ׼ŵĿɿڴġ
սϵʱ·ͣһ
ȵƽ桢ҼδţʿϽصս״̬ʱǱҲӶݵĻ𽥰ѹˡ
ȷ渱СɽгҲ̴ս⣬ָӣнڶشʬȴȹԭأɽڡּسڻʦ
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ɰǧͬˮһӿͬ˳һѸ۷Сɽïʬױǿ׳ʿڼϣߡ
ʮŴھ䣬ѻһ´ٸսʿǵļڡֻӵķӦֻǡˡû̫ҵı֡
˴ƽͰҼζûĵһ뵽ִѾԤȷԸõĲãһ˳׷һǰƽ
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ŽǴ֮ʱСɽïʬѾߺԶˡ
ƽ桢ҼӻԾɱϵз١ȴڡ
սһѽɱˣϡɽڡʿʤһϡּڡ˴˽ڻʦʼû¶εı֮
ʱƽ桢ҼȻּԶƮ̳𣬵ǵзǰӦֻôظ
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ϧзӦԵõнֶֹԺչƲ㣬ȱ׼Сɽï׼˻ȥûиƽּսĻᡣ
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ƽ汾Զڳģüƶͬ˵Сɽﲿеϯ󽫣ɱĿ٣ҲնҲ˲öԲ常˼ҵı
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ڰʮ Ƭ׳£
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ȫδ̫ͱˣȻǵмףСƬ׳á
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Ƭ׳ļҵȶӦúúѧϰ


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˿µĻҿýСڡǡ
ҿôͷľͽĳĳôˡ
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ڡΣ
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ȷʵʼޣƶ㣬ҾȵĴɽһ·ɵбеľ޴衭
ĿӦóʮ1ɣ
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̫СˣһɽԶ㹻ҿýС
˵ǲϿڡ
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ƾе֮ƽƵоȡʤʤСɽï߰ˣֻʺ󳷡ƽ桢Ҽε׷ϣǰƽ˲٣ɳǵǽѾֻʣ¶ʮľˡ
ֻĴۣûбϵʿһھΣĿǰ˵
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ڴϸʵڵƿշӶۻкˣǵҳѪģ̶ԲֹͣᴩΣɸźľȫĳ
ŴͲ뷢ÿֱӴ˵Ҳδغܶ࣬ʮˡʵԽܡͬűҰ֮ĪĶȻУʬܱȫӢսʿ಻ⷽңս⶯ҡ
άֻǰˣûɢѾ൱ˡʤôҧгݲҲֻ䡣
࣬ԭ´ſϸţ˶ݲΣǿ֧ţڱԵоǰʿΪܣ
ʤ˳Ͳ̣ƽ֚ṩЧ֧ԮЭѾΪʤ
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رǣնں󣬲ֱս֯ﳤɲţ̬ҡ
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Ŵ˻Ŀϻת
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£պ⡣ƽ֚ޱȻͬĻĴ٣ֻ֣֮ǽ飬

⻰֯ﳤƿԣͷϵĺʱֶ˲٣ϽٴΰݵڵȢ̲˰Ϊޣҵֳ֡ԸܵܣȻ飬̲Ļһᵱǽǽѡ
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֯ﳤǽٺ£ɲǾ岻ԥѶ
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Ψе´ſյı仯ƺûκβ


ڰʮ 
˳˥档ȻƽǱ߱Ȼ⣬Ȼ˪
Ȼܶϻڳǿ
룬ǳصĴֶڹܣӦòܷʹõߣǼװңǼȼװңֻ֮ܶɳ䲻⣬ȴΪ֮ƾֻҪ˽⣬վҵ취
ǡ֮⣬·ֳУתжǳ鷳ɽİݺύĵξǺʹõġպֻҪһ϶ע⣬㲻Ҫڼɵˡ
λʵҸղڽϸ̸һƽϵΪ˴κսĻƱҩģͻʮϡټ֮䣬ܼҪʮᣬν䣬޺󾢿ԡ
ʵһ෢Ĵ̷ǳʮȫֻڰױһֿɻǧĴͲҶ֪٣ͽƣÿ˲˼ˣμ˿ֻŰˡ
ǡӽԺҵҪ˽Щһѵ֮ʿ䶨ܿ˷Ծ޴춯Ŀ־֮⣬ڲͽԼӸƣԸЩʵѣѾ˲뷨ֻ֤һ

ʤâ¶ʿʢţƽ׽ѨɽžϳɳٲᣬɽزС΢ţݲΣܳ㣬ϢԭطʮسһڣƽŸͬϰв죬ⲻ˻ִ֣ȴ·һңֱ˴ˣ໥ϵعĬؾһʮա
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Ӵˡͼҽڣ岻ݴǡ

ǰλѵĲ״ƽ֚ľʮ˼
ӡԶ֮´ҿʱ׹棬ͷɢ˫ղѬǵĺۼȫѪ˿ѿڣ¼ϾѪɵĲɫ״ȫԭɫ
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ҵȻһ飬´ҿҲмرʾְ𣬿ӡԶάһذгľ棬һСҳӵıҰĵóѡ
뽫ˣˣԼ̲˷ġ
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һտڰ׻˵ˣҲȫǿտڰ׻ˡ
ŵ´Ӽ棬û¶ʲôǿҵĸ飬໥ܷϴͳĻﾳµļͥϵ¡
Ǽˣ֯ﳤ桢ˡɲŵȵȣ˵´ҿǱʵģǿȻ޳ѵĸܡ
Ȼһ·ϹװñѼĳҲԪףȴʮʩһ䱥ġ
õĻظǡŴһˣ
֪Ƿãܾ֮ôϧ˼֮½Ե÷ӹƽס
ųҲԪѸٿڵ⣺λضһӻҪ˵ǰٷϴˣΪͷȴ£ھǷ׷֪ӴǷ޳أ
˹Ը´ҿ˫ʱȻ̲Ȼ֮ձо֮գʱʤ׷ʱأɳؾȻ˴ˣֻҪ˵︴ȫһĶ־
תۼбɾơ
˶ԳҲԪ˵е̫Ӧ׷ײĿüƽ֚ȫ´ҿչʾ൱Ȥ

˵ԭм쳡ŨӡҰܹĵĴȴҪأּ֮ӡԶ½֮ڣǰĿ򣬷ǳ¡
о̵ĺķѣȻҲʮ־˵ġңЩսʿ붼ʱٵũѲܵͣ˰˾·ݣ󲿷˾Ͳòأˡ
ƽ֚ɳʱʱѾѮˣۿũæսֽƽ֣Ҷ֪оڼ
һ棬һȶԼߵ·ԼĹҲ϶൱һ۷
Ȼĸ֮ƽ֚ȨЩԸΪڡĹκμڲȨûбҪʹãžͺá
Ȫ˵ǲã׹ȳǵ¼Ѿɱòˡ
Ȼ֯´ıһؽ
£²ûбģѪͻ
ʮ賿ʼڱɳϱߵĿȷǰӷ׷һˡ
ƽ֚ҼΡдһϵ˷·̽ſ϶֪Χ֮Ѿ²Žһжȡϵȷ˵´ҿĴ
ȻҲԪӣᵽǷ׷⡣
Դƽֻ֚һЦûڵһʱָ
ǣҲ
ͨɫжϣ˵ĿȻǲ̫һġ
е˵˵ȥ֮ǾøóŽɢũ֮ǰٴһѣսٸظҡҲе˹ҶĨǵϣþգн磬֦Ūɳ׾
ּȷ
ĿǰľƱȽϻңȻס˱ɳǣԶһȫݣʹ֮ȵȥ´ҿҪټΣղӡ
ͬʱӱŨŨֱ֮ҲдƬĹڵͶģЩڹɾӰ죬ȴҲʮܣһ
ôһ׷ǱȻ֮ѡ
ǵǰ֯ҾǹˣҰսˣһݳǵġ
һò׽˱֮ΧóȻ׷ϮøңǲɴЦˣ
ƽ֚Ūʽռ˵ֽ֮һ䲻⣬ռϷ硣ЩȥӲӲսɾûôˡ
˱ֱعҲ١
ʵƽ֚оеѰ졣
վԼϣʹоѾɹʣµľǾٺľɣҪð֮Ұս
⻰Ȼû֮ڡʲôɣܾ׷¶һ˽ųζڵµʿʿʢ
˾ȵǣصĵ´ҿ޳׷̬ǣλѾ࣬ʵðˣմݻϵıзֻʢ˥ƣ֣һջȵʵʱߵ⡣
ûʲô̫ϵĳ˷ƽ֚ëԼ̲ˣսʱ˽֪´ϵļ֮ӡ̣ĹͬҲԷܷͼǿΨ֯ͼЦһϴˢĻᡣ
˵ǣԾܾ
ƽ֚㵱˳ˮۣͬóǧ֯Ϊȷ棬ȥ׷챾ڵļٽŵȲ󣬱ֽӦڻʱ׼֧Ԯ
⼸ǧ֯УҲ֮ɣĶָӹ١
һԪд˵λԭǲԶ
ϣƽ֚㵱ȻҪԼŮ޲ڣ
ȴ̲סɸ˵ͷѩǧոռ޸ûʲôսҲ̫ѹԸѾͷŸӺʵɷ򡭡


ڰʮ һ
˵ƽ֚ŮɣѱעʱһֱŹҪ֤Լ֯Ҿֵȷλãʮܣ޲˫Ͻ׷
Ȼʰ˰װ˵˳ݷóʱȴֿ֪߲ȥˡ
ѭҵɻΪβ·ȴų˵ϴ֮ǰβֻԸʿÿ˸ȡÿƥȡҲÿˡݱջ֮󣬸ȡʮֲ㣬ҲԹ˲Ͼĵ´Ҹ̲󣬷ָǿʯʵ˻ȥַȥ
ƿԡ
δУȻö˵
˴ε֯´ǵؾʳƽ֚ͨϵˮ·ʯغۿڵıվΪԶṩ
Ӧ˳ԷŶԣû뵽澹˹
ⶪʧȻʤһѻյ߰˰ˣȫûˣ᪸ǹȻдһʱȴŪӡԶ౻ϡãдѴѵĹͶУǸǲҲ̶ã´ҿؤģˡ
֮ܶ˱ȵþͽƽ֚ݣſԽ
ȻӳˣصھܴӸòˡ
ӵҲưɣʱ˻ܳԶأɱʾʮֵġ
ƽֵıںʱ֮ǰκжٶȿһ㣬춼ŪɳˡղһƤ˵´ҵߣʱǻṩһЩ鱨
βѣҡͷҪ鱨Զ˹β˶ԣʵڲǹٵ顭
ɱô밡ˣں΢ЦŴϣΪ˾Ѿȡ𣿻ǿôһ棬Ϊƽ̲֮ݰˣѵŬܶĳɹ𣿡
⡭ͷ󺹣ƾųȹϵȡԴ񡭡񲢲ֵԺ
ΪʿͲܲƶũģǳע𣿡ĶԷ򣬡Ҫ̫ˣҪǽǹ̡ʵû¾Ҳʵһʳ

ʮ磬ˡɼҴҵֳߣ飬ԸСͷȡװĸ÷ѵһ֮󣬿γ׷
´ɳһس󽫺һС߰æ·
ƽּҵľӽһ𽥸ϡ
ž֮ģҽ̽аգʱ̣һӱ뺣ĺٲϣƵȻ׶ɵùȥġ
غȥݡĶ಻вжļ󣬵ȴˣĿ״ջĺۼʱڽӽգＸ׳ɳĵȣֻмҰ޳û
ֱ߽õһӣŵóʪùĶζŽȥֻʬǶߣһһСӵɣѸױΡǿó֫Σȴȫ޷֪ǰĿˡ
δݵĽͬ
һһǳ˼ʶ㣬಻̾Ϣϴٻ˼ңǧ˿ܴսۣԺԶһ½ж֡
ǰҹڽ־ƽ֚ĳһ人ʫԻһǿݡ
˴ͨīںѧ֪࣬²⣬æѯʡ
ɾʵԸ棬пֻ֪սԹȴǸǴصѰ
֮˷ǳ֮⵭ˣЦ˵ҷɣ˶績˰裬Ҳ⡣Щũ˵ǡǡǡһ֯ﵯƽ̲ǵ˶ԣֳˡǡ˼Ҳǡһһ·ʤްܣȡ£ﲻФΪ˼ҡһɡġǡأ
⻰ºܶ£ȴֲ֪ηֻǿЦ˵⻰ʵڲ̫
ʱ´ߡСߣܵǰԶĺĿǰȳһ˴ֻɱ°˴ֻѰ𴦹ӡλʿ÷һʱңа취
¡ɽӹͷ̲סѯʣӱԭжپĪǱݱ𣿡
Լ˼ش𵽣һԭʮӣ˾ס֪ǰˣѵ˱ŮġȻһЩ׳ҵΪվǿҵѹ
һʱΪӣ֪ÿ޴Ѫԣϧĳ嶯
˵ûںѾڷԸױȥˡ

һũÿֻٷҪо̵ʿʱӲͲС
Ҵҳˡõ´ҵġС·һʱ䣬һƬ״ӵĽĵˮضϳɺü֧ǳխ˲١
˴Ȼ޷ۣɺͼŵѶȵࡣ
ڵָʾ£ҵƻļšЩſȥѾˣ̽һ£ִֻãԼ޲ԷΪλοԽȥ
ߡС˵ǰ߰ʮ15ܵǣһΪɳǵǰڶͦԶҰٶҴǳһʧݣֻʧδű﹥ˣпܻڼء
ǰʱյ鱨˵·һ߼򶫣һȴȥġ
򶫵Ǿɿӣؼ쳵ġ򱱵򲻻ؼ쳣ֻŨԼӡԶ»ء
зԸ³ȫʤʵȻҲ֮顣
ˣȻнһ
ңδݵϢõȷϡ
жСߣӸԱߵĴ·
ҲƱػܵؾ谭
·ϼ㣬ƶٶȲ̫죬Ӧûһڽ֮ǰ޷ƹǣֻѡͽӪס޵ġ
ǳ˵ϣȫ׷ߺ͵˴£Ÿǻٽ
Ϊܡ
ڽ춽֮£ʿǲԸⲻԸ⣬ֻܼӿ˽Ųʼо
Ϊ򣬳˿ױʮǰ棬ͬʱҪɴں԰ȫλã÷ա
ֹӣǰһֻʮСϪ˵ǡﴨ
ֶ԰Ƶбһ˵ر֮󣬳Ȳ˺ӽγ̫ڵһ
ȻЩƣʿҲ̫ߣ˵ӿɼ񣬻Ƿ׷״񣬺кɱŷ׷׳˹ȥ


ڰʮ ʹе
УֻʮױǣˮСϪǰһٲȻѶӵʿѾ쿿ԭϢֻʮʿήҲ񡣵һһﵱȣѸײڶ֮Ƴɱȥ
ЩʿȻţʱ˷磬޴룬ҾֱֿȴǾĶ֣
˳죬ɳۼԾƵоͷ˳ȥɾӵͣ㣬һתֽдԱһ˵ţ̼ȡͷ
ױ󣬴ն񣬽һСɵ˽ӽ
źɴǧ֯ʿӿƮ죬ʿۼȫ޻·ɴڵأˡ
ƴǰͷӴܣס
˵һ˫Ƚţεеùƥ
θϣһһ˽ᡣ
ֻҵľ٣Դһƥһһܡ
ǿ㰫׳δȻǳȲսٶȲôۣշתŲǱ׾
ϱǸܳʮһ䵽ƨɣ˴һڵϴ˼ʿǰ׽סˡǸǳǿм٣׷İٲǰȥһ
սܼƱежʮһжʮһֻжһ΢Сơ
΢ѫȴｻս֯ΨһһγʤˣĸеοͰ
ɣԪ֮󣬵һսף˷ܼò֪Լʲôˡ
Χʿ׷ƨ˵ٲֽʲôƽ̲֮ĵڲش״֮ࡣ
ʵϹһеģȷʵ׼ƨġ
ֻԼ֪
׽סʮ²ټٵĳ˼ӣ̾Գӱԣݡ
벻ǣͷһסģǱСƨɵǸɲ顣
Ǹ޵ļһԳƽɺ̫ɡģһڿӹСׯĻԭ񴨣ǰ˳ŴͶá찲£еʮ뿥ȷڣݹٲĴ
ξʹʮˡ
һۣŷҾɭϣƵоսǿر󣬶ԹڵҪ̫ԭѩիʦҪߣԶǽܱġ
һȥɺ̫µʮеսеˡĵɢֻʣ¶ʮʿɢ¡
жɺ̫ɵСӽûǰսȴȾ϶񼲣к۵һж
ٲ¹ڵ࣬˽ϸԱҪչˣоճ̣ǿϴŲ
һ˾͵˶ӡ
Ȼ׷š
һó˸Ȥǣղ˵ǸùܣСӣںδ
ɺ̫ɲһָŷ֣ԭиɵԵĴ˱Ϊʬ塣
ʵӦǱежʮжʮߡ
ʱ΢侲ʣղһʮˣ˵ֻʣʮˣôЩʲôˣ
ɺ̫Ȼʵʵǹȴ޲֢˵Ⱦ˷纮ҪЩߣǡʵ͵˶ϰѸġڡѾѾĳնˡ
ȻǾһָ
ѭȥƺɱĵһˣйȴʿһȽϵù˵ڵغֱƥս̤ѱȳһ࣬۾ֲֻܴ״ǿжϳǸˡ
ô磬Ҳ޷ͬġ
Ƕɺ̫ɻ˵ǱСۣȴԼ͵²ʳֲ˱ˡ
˷Ըӱǽ޼ֵʬ򵥷һ£ͬʱרŲ˿ط²
ɺ̫ԼСӹƳǮϣָɣˣҪۣϵرȥ๤ˡ
ϣֻ˴Щ£Ȼǰ׷ˡ
гѾʢ˥ĳ̶ȣΪ˾췵ؼ쳣òٲбЩΪҾѫǰӵɢ£Ӧûв٣вʲôҪԱٴϣ֯ü
ʶʾͬ뵽ս̵æ˵ϣСȣʦĪڡ˵ҵȱ٣ҪǷ˵ķգ˹ڼС
ҵҲ뵽ˡ˵ͷı˵յֶΣҸղŷԸ˳ǣǧϵĵо춯رһյı棬ͻԱΪϣֹͣ׷Ҳ׼һֱǰǴ㵽ǺϢ׷ӱ߾Ĵ󾮴
ϵһ˿ǾȥԭѾǣȴҶˡ
ô˵ᣬ뵽һ棬ʮֲס

֮ŲӼǰ׷
Ȼûãַһ߰ʮ˵ɢ£һ弴ң練Ƶȡʤɱʮߣ²ʮġ
Ŵӻʵ鱨֪߾иشӲܾݵ㣬ұ֣ܽӡ
֪³ͻСʱڷ˵ĵص㣬ʿɱ°ӣȫûа
˳õûӦͳ˹ȥһ󿳹вˣɱ˴бסͶģ˳˲ٱݱ׸档
ǰεڣεе࣬ûܾ£˼ġ
Ҳʧ֪Ǹˡ˳ۼ׷ӣδץԭĿ꣬һ֧ҵ
ȻȻոͷĽࡣ
˷ۣܹʱ֮ڣˡߴϵзӵСŻնɱ࣬²ʮսĲ
Լʱ̣ĵ㣩˽ӽڼ֮еĸǣԶԶȥ´ҵƮƬݵԶ֮УȺһ֦㡣
ٴӳߡͱؾ񴦼ѯһ£ֵз޴ĺۼ˷˽ģж˵˳ǼȻδʧأзʱͲòƹȥճ̣֮ǽϵЩɢҹƣǲѾҴ󲿶ӵıˣ֮ǰŬǰһѣиĹѫڵǣ
ɵǸһЩϸ˿־һս֮Լ⼸ǧȻûʲôսʿʮָǣʿȴձƣ֮ɫȳʱԳٻ˲١ӲͬеĿЩеЩ㽥ɢࡣ
ټֳ֮ȥܷ²սҲܵһЩӰ졣
ֻϾ̫ᣬŸԪҲ֪Լж϶ǲԣԥŲ֪˵˵


ڰʮ ֽϻ
Զӱ߾Ĵ󾮴ϣͣС޺šڵĴ󲿷ָ߲ѾɺӶȥģȻʮӴĲӡ
ǲǲߣǲߡ
Ҫץסϴˢģֻһ
뻹һʤ
ͬĻǿҵĲʣͬ˫۽ս֣Źκһ˿ᡣ
׷ĥպգǰƴ
ʤľ֮УȫȻǼʦسģ
Ѿ䵥ڱˣԤʧһǧ£Ͷġ˲˲ԭӣǽӶѡӵĲҲ֮ˡʤյ㱨󣬼ʱ˾顣
ô˵оȷӵӦѾʼйˣһҪֳ²սƷʤͷֿһ򣺡ôһҲ׼𣿡
𵽣·̼㣬ˣᣩؿ֮ǰѾѱ٣ǧӲµڽڸǸ׷ϡȻʿ䣬ټҵսӦÿԼһʱ䡣
µǸˡʤʾ⣬漴ź̾һϧȫֵϳʵ̫١ɽءҲĻ¾͸аˡ
״ŷæȰΪҲعںɽشӱѹȷܴϾ˼࣬ݴ˾ܾǿңֻǰɽشԣԸԵ̬ѣ˽Ļ
ǺǣǴˣŷᣩ˻ػǡһЦ˵ȥ֮ԣȫָӣλˣֱǹȻ
ôҲվλϣǶݴǰͬءŷͷ󺹣ǿһ£զһȷЩŪˣɽأλҲֻΪ͹ܡ
ʵŷΪһһڣĵҲԼãݴʵڶڼ״ʩ̫̫㹻Ͻһеβ󲻵ơҲΪϴ󾩴ˣŻı޳γɶԱȣò
ΪһʶˣֻΥĵάŽȶ
˵ˣº󷴰Ϊʤ֮棬Ȼˡʤֹµۣת;ˣҷԸѡľź𣿡
ŷæӦѾѡһǧ͸սʿ䣬ֱ𽻸ԡֱλĿǰڸʢ֮µˣӦò̫ۡ
ʤ¶һ˿ǳ΢ЦܺáǳˡԶһɢƮ֧ǧ˹ģȫԻˮ㷵ǰߡ
ȴҡͷԲ廰ű͸ûΪһ壬ϣŨʿҲʮΪ״
ʤԥرʾͬ״ʱڳʱһҵҰ٣ƼʺϷڶŨĿǰпϵְλȫɼ˵ΣǲģӦΨ͡
ΪЩµս鲻١ŷɫӵش˲һؼԵɻ󣺡֧֮ǸжأǷҪϣ
Ŀ̫ˡʤȻҡͷʵʱҴŰ˰챾Ϊڶ㹻ʣµˣԭصȴһһ
˳嶯
ɲУ
ǧ֮ã
سԾԾ㵣׷Ȱɣȴʤ־ᶨִϣ˵ˣⲢһʱ嶯˼֮Ľ⼸ҷ˼ƽ̲ȷʵǷӹ֮ŪȨıָģսʱеռϷ磬Ψһʤİ취Ƿֽϻû취Ԥõĵصݴ͡
һسƿԡ
ﻹвͬԴ˿̵գҲ˼˵ˡ
ΨԤף˲¡
񡢺ڡűཻ֮ʤ㿪ʼобĿ񣬷ԸǸµ˭Լһ˹
;ͷˮĶֻ÷ſڣȥ˼
ʮ翪ʼüʱҲ֪˯û˯ĵһֱţûκζ
ֱڶ賿ʱ֣ʤȻƿӴǿҽ̣˰챾ǰʳιʱ׼ʱ
ŷᡢᡢʤʵȫȻ⣬ΪκȻ˾
ʤֻ͵սڼҪһŤתǬ֮ơ
˵˿̲鱨ͻأ֪ǰ߾Σ
ʤֵ˲˲ãԡֱλزʧڵн˵ΪָƼˡȻ֪֪ˣβϵǰƣ
س˵ƽ̲թ绢Ҳʲôƺš
ʤٵ˱ϾǷ˲֣ڿǰ븸ۣƽ־Ӧ׷ǹʲ󡣿ң˾սƽּ˵ҲδزǺϢأ񿥺ӹڶһЩҲ̫ںһ
²Ȼ˵㶼أŷᡢᡢʤʾ޻˵
ֻʤ˰챾ȥ
ԼסʣµĲӣȴڶٽ

˿̹ҴһĳЩơ
ʮĵ磬ϵ˸ǵؽСԭˣ˽⵽˳Χ¼ؽӽľͬʱҲ֪ﳷʱòƵеľ״
һǧٱ٣Ҳ˵һǧϵʿ䣬ս
Ȼ֮࣬һͬ׷룬ȴᶨܾˡ
ؽСԭ˵ƶˣԲͻмƣҿسǳأҪ̰ͼ͵ĺá
ô˵˵ʼվôһظᶨġ
ûκΣ˲ݲڳϢһҹһ¾÷򶫽׷ᡣ
Ӱӵһҹ鱨ԱߡʱļıˣҹȻֻСģɢĴҴܣȫûκ춯ļ󡱡
ǳ˱޺֮ǵ׷ˡ
Ѿ֪ǰԶڳжУȶŲȴġȷڡˡ
ͳ߱ӦٲᣬѾǰ۷Ŀǰָӹٲ֮Ӳµ
зʿƣʱ죬
սƽ־սᣬ˵зСɽïȻʬأݲ֮ݲ㣨ȻͷǰҸģ´ûʲô̫ն񣬵ٶԶ⣬ܼСͲ޷󣬶֯ĿǰΪֹĳɼͱȽѿˡ
ٲµԴſ˵üˣ
뷨ʿ䣬һǰ
ɵǾáӹôҲȶȴ󣬶ҵӵĻô࡭
ûü˵뷨Ѿ嵽ǰҲˡ
ܴܲ󽫺͸λֻǿʵʵš
ҺԴӵҵһȺսϱȥΪ񣬹һ˰ġ


ھʮ ׷з
ʮ壬ԭ׷ȣڤӡ
֮ԪڡϰԷʱ涫ɮɣнӽǧʷϮˡ
һ굽ͷҪļ֮һոսΧĸСԭ˴Ｗʽ𣬽ȼѣ׼ƵԲʳʿͼҾһͬװ裬ʾ֮
ͬʱҲǼܾ˳׷롣
˼˵ͨ컹δ𴲿˿д˶ȥˡ
ߡ뵱˵£ʱ֮󣬿һΪ֮СӣڱҰȡڣҵļˡ
˵Ѿ뿪ƽԭ򣬶븻ʿɽˣµ·ʼ
˲ΣǰӲ죬շתѣжΣضת䲻㣬ٲȻβ˵ľ棬泤ǹʿβֹ֪ʿ䣬ƣ
ϣԸţ׳ʿˣʮͲ߷ɽ·ЮļԼӴƬ̣Ե˵ʿȥ
ֻƬ̣Ҳ׷׷׾̴о
ȻխĹȵأ㣬һʱ˸ΪսƺҲûʲôð취ӦԵġ
ųǹʿ䣬ھٺ£ͣסŲתվţźڳһǹ֮
ǰĹȿֻʮǹסһʱûʲô취ֻҲɶΣųǹ벽ǰױսĴѹԴ̡
ߵսʿܼӵԳٶ䣨3.6ףĳһ𣬿кɱ죬ǹнųĽнˣ˺һҲûˡ
ڴʱв۲ռְױţǱܳսˣƴľ˫ʿܣһȶסˣܾͻһкǧɢӣɥ֮Ȯһ㡣
˫ܼʱСɱˡ
ϣûɽð֯ҵӲ෽
ʱһžϻ죬ܼǹмӦء
ȻɱҲ࣬ѹͬ죬ܵжʿӰ죬ϾͲٴھơ
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սˣԱԲ˵ۼΣ׷׶˼ϱϵĲƳɿֻǰ
Ѵѵİסӡۻζᡢܲȸʳʱضǣһȥٵǧʯݡ
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˷ǳָЩʣúɿܣº󶨻䣬۹ͣλɱУ
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֯ҵһ֣ҵ˾͸ϽӿŲܡ
ԽܣǰԽң͸Ӳֹĵֿ
׷˺һӣûȾѪֻŵзŲ·̤ɹЦ첻ѡ
ֱ˸䣬ֹȵؿߵͷǰн֧ʮʿֵڸǰ뺰ʲôٸҰ˲սͨжۣɱ⡱Ŀںţǿֹס֮ơ
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Ϊ˵ǰٲ֮ӣٲµĽˣ
Զսǿ£ɢҲ޷ȺӵĿٶ־ģǿսֻѸӭڶѡ
Ҳٱӵļ˻һս֮ˣԼ߿мǧ˵ģֻҪĲӡ
˴˺Ȼһ˿
תͷһԼߺֻǧ˰ˣտյûаղɱ𲻾죬һȷʵе㲻Ծ
̫ܵ죿С̫
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˼ǰ󣬸оǰյ鱨пܶ΢֮
ȻˣΣֻܽˡ
ȥһȡǰٲµ׼˵
¶ģԥݺݳػ£һ
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ȫ޾飬ԴȻһ㣬ʲôָҲֻҴӵãȻˡ
ųǧ׷ɽȵشȴȻһֻСģ
Ϊɢ£һᣬֳһСϾ͹ˡ
ֻ֧˵ĵбԥ͹Ⱥһ㣬ɱһֲ֯ҵĽʿһʱ
Ǹšڴˣ˸һսˣն״²ɵ
һŻع񣬷Ըҵϱѹǹڻڶ䣬ѹǰб
յȾкתŵŭֱϣ
һ֧۵СЮ䲻࣬ȴ뷽ŵ޼һһβű˼ҵĶ֡
ûôԤӿãֻôŽӭȥʿֵסͻ
ֹƬ̣Ȼиӣ˵Զ졣
ѭһ̳Ӱƺһֻľ߹ģϻɱ
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˿ӵսˣ˵˳ˣƽ־ϣƽϣǳҵ󡣡
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ʵǳǰ˵õİšݣܾסɵǵͬʱڵ֯ҵ
к֮ʶʣӦ˼ǡ
Żȥƽ̲ټĽ͵ûܰȫȥ֯ҿ»ǨŭΣգ
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˸סһ˵ǵӰ죬ƲΪ˱ܣǣΪԼСҲΪ֯ҵĴ
ԥ֮䣬ȴɵתͷƨϺݺһģﷴȥͬʱεߺҵҶϺĸʱת
һٷӦѾ߳ٲ֮⣬ʿѾӵԸһˡ
˵ҳٸʸ
ٻͷңȴȫƲղӰˡ


ھʮһ ʤϮ
Ѿڻһ·Сܣ˻ǴҴߣһ㣬ֻһǧˡһʹǿ񣬽ȥСԭ˵з֮£Է˿еԥػش𵽣˵ıƣȰ£κأ
Įƽúܣ·뼺ȫȻ޹Ƶġ
µҲû취ټƽ⣬ֻܵСԭ˴򿪳ţðܾǶܡ
û뵽Сԭ˽ͷҡ粦˹İģһھܾǧһ֪ǷгƻȥҼأûмҲǼѹڣֻһˣϲʮױ
ɴΪջȴ޿κΣһᣬȻ߳ȥ˸߾ţʿת
ҵǣûʱδ׷ϣѾϽ֪ͨӭƽּҼٽ˸жǧˣӽǧ֮ڡ
ЩڻȷӲ󷽵ģκγļ٣ߵ̫죬Ѿ˦һξ룬ɱ硣
ٽŵ֪ǰб䣬һֹͣоɳ򾯽ܣս׼ͬʱӱȳһֿ¼ס׼Ӫʡˮȣλүӷ簲Ϣ
Ȼʱ˵ƺƵҫӽƲǧıȴн룬չʾĹģԶʵʣԶԶȥֻ֪̳յơ
СϪʮޣʱҲ׼㹻ľϰϾЯǰմ󷢹ʵġƬ׳롰ڡƽԭ֮ԲѹǺܴģ۶ԷͻƻϮţӦ
Ψһϲǣٽ˵ĲӣϾ챾УȻԶƽ棬ҲѷڰҼΣǻǿٵġǧ˾УڽǧҩϣҸߵ֪ȥˡȻҲ˵˼¼ʵǼ쳵شƫԶԶԶ˹۸ҪнɽҲܲ𡭡
ǹϻ䣬սǺõġ
״ҲЩףȴסȰʦ
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ѾûصıҪˣԤţĲҲһתμӵж
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ʤƽ־ΪɵЩûһ򲻿СûβűôöԸ
ҲƿһƹȥģǻģûƣֻᱻΧ½ס·
·ֳ֧飬УڶٲƣͬʱҪ·ͼյг
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ҪؾƣתΪǿ϶ģҪָɳһĲӲС
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Ǳ㰲˳ҲԪסɽһǰҵعʣµϢʱ
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ðɡʤĵصͷҧгݵƽ֚㣬ʵڿɶʱ鱨ʱеװŪʱݺصıֶΣ˵׾ûһսˣʲôǽǸ󣬽թ޳֮ͽˣ
ն͡ޱѡ
ҼõǣŷᣩָӲλسɡʤɥͷ͡ʵڲó飬Ͱпӳµĳ˰ˣתƽּҹϵеĻҴʦΣ
ֻ֪ͨ򲻸๡ѹƽ̲ǶĿˣһҾسܻװûյϢ͵ʱ䣬֮ǰЩӶռ̡Դ򲻿и
ҡҡˣʤϺ࣬ϣֺڣŭ֪ԷǸ޳ܻ쵰ƫƫҪͣûбˣ


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ʮǰﳤ״ԮӵǰߣԳҲԪһǧٱΪɽһ˰٣乥ʤء
һ·϶ԷûʲôֵһķӦƬ֮ɱǰֻʣһѿӪʣмٲβڴβġ
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Ҫǿ촨ϲ
ƽ֪֚ұԼҲ͹ݣϯί˸ִľ㳤ΪӴʹ
ҲǶıֶΡ¶ְְн˳£ˮˡ
ȻЩϸʵҳݣ̸ʵģʵʹڵĿڲŷǸеʵ档
ƽ֚ҪҪҡаԵ񹫷˵ľӵ쵳Ҳǹ̵Ź£ޡǡнǰá
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ŨӡԶصأƽ֚㷴̫ںػְλ֯´ϼɡ
ϣֻҪ֤֯´žУҲûҪ̫
ԣƽ֮ķ磬ںʵԸ֮ʵ̫ˡ
͹˳
Ȼли
ƽ֚д˷ʺѵţ˵ضͭǽڣ½ɼԲ̲е֮Ҳ
֮⣬ƺڰܸˡơ̫ķڷ
ƽ֚㿴ˣŭЦϻȻҳԴϵ磡Щȴ֪̳սжݣһӮò죬ʶʶʲôɱ֮


ھʮ ֻɽ
Ϊ̸֮ƽһҵʹ߿촨ϲɳһ£ẓ́ϻȥ
λϺоͨϵ¸ߣϲŭɫˣѾƷ㣬ųһ˵͡
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䱯ǲģ˴ǻ裬ô˴Ҫһ㸺ˡ
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Խɼ⽻һͿΨһֵõǵսڵƽּսδǿȥȴս˿־塣
ŵʶ֮ʿԼоƺʧȥΨһһԵĻᣬֻԽԽѡ
Ψһİģһİ۲ӣصı顣ֻҪȻȶôҳǾͻеûʲôµġʮҲûд̣ÿζΪЦˣʲôΪһλǲͬأ
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쳵ļس˽¾۵һ̸۽ʱǻᷴ˵ͬһ仰ûʲôõģ˵ǺܺãȻ
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ϸТҲӦԱ֮һ֮ѾӰ벻Ըط쳡
һĺѧߣС֧Ԯߡ֮Ƶƽֳ֚൱̶ȵòӦԵҪ
ԣֻϺһ˻ˡ
˵⣬ƽ֚ĵһҪ󣬵ȻҪʮڣѵĵλġߡ̵ּǸġŹ¡ޡ
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ʵǡ͸֮롰Ů֮ľԱǣ˼ǱԽǰּɿۣԣųɹᶯ
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ϾѵζùҲǵһ⵵£ǵЩ΢Ĳʣ̾͹ȥˡ

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ԴҵǱʾ̫ں޿޲ɡ
Ҷ֪ǰ͢»桱վ̨Ĵ󽫾֮λ٣ԭֻóݡԭѡǰõʱȻΪذףȴҲѡ
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Է˽⡣
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ʤȻ⣺ƽ̲ǿŪ֮ˡ
û⡣Ѿ׹ٲ͵ԷҪˣֻҪһ̬ȣǸһ̬ȾС˴֪

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ԭǡŨ֯գӡԶе´ӻռЩأ黹
ŨɽѣӴɽزԶݲΣ˶ǰֵأδϯ顣ڳǣ׷ױʾһ㲻ɽܡ
ŷ˵ȻԭȳˣŨԶһ߸ĳҪȻԷҪȥҲôס
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зȣԼسƱȽСǵһ㼺ֱԲ䡣иõ뷨Ҳķʽ
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ˡ۶ϣҵӦƽ̲ɽɽءˣ׷κء
⻰Ϻп촨ϲ΢ü˲ΣֻޱҡҡͷܽѴȻû⣬ıɹˡƽ̲˽һ⣬˵޹ش£ֻΪ꣬дŴˣδ⣬Ŀ

˵˽ţЩ⣬ȡȷûаʲôҩ֮࣬Ķ
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ǰе֮ʤɼͭǽڣʵޣҵ
ݹ۷ɣй˫ߣйڼ֮Үֻɽߣӱڣ֪֮
ţݺйڻʯ´ڴϣ۷쳣ͽɶϺgڱȵתͷǳֹ¾ս⡣žǡת伲硯ĵɣ
˵ڴеڳ˫ľ֮ЮԽơκα𶯶оأٳٲʹǣŷ£ǧ˷ѡͻ֡ĳƺŹȻʺأ
ⲻòǣ븻ĵĿǺһû˶ʮ̻ĲץǧˣŮ˼ҲʣѺɽū˾Ӧϡݱգ֮˵
˵࿥ͬ˴Сβž˽ȻϱԽɼΧСԭ֮ʱʲôأ֮ʱʲôأĪڼСѾѣɽľ𣿡
ת伲磻ͻ֣ݱգѾѣɽ
ֻɽĴȻưϧΪѧЧȴǲ񣬿ɷŴԼָ㣬⾿ںδأ
̶Уǫõ˽ţѾһʮδŭ̲סİɰ׵죬ɺ쵽ϣؿһһӸҶ֮ǰһڣȥ


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ĩ³⽥δʽĴɣϵľѾ۷ũ
ӱ洫Ϣ˵ԽɼǫŵõԽСܵǸغ뱾ԸͣսڰѮ֮ǰӼգŨҰȵس
ƽ֚һ֮Ѿ˳ʮʽԲ׼֣һŲ𲽳롣
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ͬʱҲõϢƣĹóβеĳ̻һЩڽҳ
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鱨Ա̼ҡۺϴԹ㣬´ϱ̵أԼʯԶʮʮʯܼԼʮʯʣʵʮʮʯ֯ʧȥ˶ŨʮʮʯأȻβϽƣʮʯҡ
Ӧ˵ҿΪ˳ʮʯĵ̡
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취ͨ⽻ֶΣݶѵסɼȻץʱӡԶӡŨصϣ֮֯һԪǿսٴıͼ°ҵ
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ȷػȨڼ쳡ŨӣķǷռвܳϣŵ黹ϷˣԴûй涨ֹʱ䣬װûʶ©
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ӦģϵľӣѳȾʤྮв֮ʣɽǡԭǵһϵҪָձƽֽصܣھͳһٶ๫۷Խǰ
Ǳ߽Ǹ֮ˣֻƿڴһγѾ޳ΪƻһսסƵľƲľôᶨ˺һܼʹģԼƴ񴨣һԼƽּڴ뱱
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֮ܶԪ꣨1572꣩գ̫ƽȹӡ

ΪȷĳЩֵùĵ顪ҲȶǷ⡰˽šĶУƽ֚ûм۷ܣԶ˼죬δص籩ʢĵط
Ȼʱֵı仯ѾȻɼˡ
´ҿ˿ûΪԶδոʧضһƽ֚ڳ˳ֵл̬ƹƽм㣬Լнƽ̲ˡ֯ﵯĽӰˣֹЩƳҲԪ׵ӣԴȴҲзִ磬ްģ˿ʵ֮ͬˡ
Ǹǵĵ´ſڹɺ൱һֱ䣬Ҳƽּҵ˺Һɽ裬˼磬ʱھͽ˲ĿڱǿҲǸӼƽˡ
һ棬˵´ſ˽Ůƽ־ѯʡǧǷڴˣɷһĻҲȷʵκ˶Ƚܵ顭
ƽ֚ڵ˵´ҵķǸ߹ʶǻ۵ŮˣϧӴˣҿӡʱͿʼˣ˼ȥҲ֪þʲôһʱΪãȻˡ
ͬʱ֯ҺȻҲڻص̬
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֯ڵľѻƽ֚Ů̵λε´ҵĹҲУϧûкѡ
˶Σϣƴһˣ˼Ů
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ѡ񿰳Ŀǰ£ʮ־һ塣
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ƽ֚ڸĿҲûɾܾȻܡ
Լɵ
פԶʱ䣬֯´֮⣬һֵעģǱͷųĻʹϸТ
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¾ǲΪʵ˼
ƽ֚ʮ־ȣ󣬱İ꣬ϸТľ״̬˺εȱ仯Żأ


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ݸϣ̨ɮ˳ֵƵߣмҾӪľƺҵæƲ֮½׼

ۺϢ֮ƽ֚߳ɰգڰ뿪Զ̤Ϸ֮·
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˻̳佲ӡ̡

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вǶģƨĵúĻϢ
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Ĵ󽫾ѣȻ޵ͳηΧڷ˶ԱųҪַԽǰ֣
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Ļһ˹ģֱӡ
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Ϊ֮ףĻսӮֶֻգʼջᱻӣΪܵΣա
ܱһսϣŤת棬ȡһʵȨ
Ȼһ㣬ǿĶԵѪĿ־壬ѵõʱԽǰôһȱ´ͳҵĳӣͼ硣
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ƽ֚޲õŲ׷ȥѰһ̸ˡ
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һδظϵüʿѾʮƣּϢô͵ڹʾĻսܻѸˡ


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СгʱԶԡ
ѰǸֶӴ᪸͵ԽǰӣȻŪɳ׾ˣ˶֪鷢չģɣ徰ʵṩһ֣ȻڴҪս΢ѡ
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ͷһɽԼ̵ĶӣδλɽԾףҽֱܷҹУɽǹɽ㾰
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ҲǣѽĿɽǹмȨͳΣڡȵȥģ϶ⲻҪ˵ġ
еӴģӦĺˡ
ʣµĶǵСġ
ϿȨ̣ͦļġ
ûųӲӲڷɣȴָųһļɲʲôϰߣʲôҲ˵
ƽ֚о޿Сʵᷳ˴ȥϢ侲һ£ֻɽԾ˵ͷϣҲͽȻˣ֪һĻͺ壬󲿷ֶȷзǷռزΥ趨˰Ϊ⵽ͽҲȻİɣοʲôݣȥԼأ
ΪְҵɽԾûϸֱ棬ֻһ仰ظĹأʿķͬȡġ󲿷ΪԼ˵ôͻľݣˮɵġ
ƽ֚Ҹ֪⣬ʣѵɽƴˣʲôϢ𣿡
ɽԾ΢Ц͢ĻǨλβ󸨣ԱõϵĹ
ҡƽ֚ڳңɫȴûô仯üλβǺͷְܷ̲أ̲󸨵ĳνƺ
⡭ɽԾüؽⲻϳ͢λǨĹ¡
ƽָ֚ٹᡣ
šɽԾϰ磬ķʵҲδزɴƣֻЩһıȽϹִ
ƽ֚һָټһǧᡣ
ɽԾ⣬;Щ¹ªϰҪµˣģ°ϣ
ڱӶЦ
ȻɽԾɫ˵ʵ䡢ܶҲԹΪ΢ʣȻ򡭡Ǹڱȅɽʧ¼Щ⣬ûиһԸֻҴΪתˡ
ƽ֚㲻⣺Ļ壬ιڹ磿
ɽԾһЦ˵壬ȷʵǷǷռزΥ趨˰֮ôûյͷΪȡñӻԵʡ
ƽ֚ЩмЩС壬Ҳʸ¸Ա߸ɮ
ɽԾ̾ôС߹ٺɲȴ̫࣬˶ռѣÿֻõʮʯף֮ģҲǺҪĲƲˡ
Ҳ˵ĻһЩײˣҲ˲Ĺ磬ԲͨҵҡĻڲԨƵҲòסƽ֚˼ʵ˵Ա͸ɮӦǽι㷺֮ǰӦѾ˳˰ɣ
ɽԾЦҸߣȥҹ̸һ£ֻǺջڴҶãֻʸˡ
ôһ˵ѾȺ鼤ߣĴľ˰ƽ֚ǺʢæʵȻ˵Ļľٶģô˼ִȥأ
ɽԾЦøˣʵҲ˵Ǽλ֯ɽԲľΪףԹΪӵ
ѽƽ֚㲻֪ʲô£пһӦеһȰ˲Ҫ˼еġûþͲ֤
ǾͶлˡɽԾ˿ֻҪ˵һͺãûãҰ龡˾С

ÿߺƽ֚ҵ˷㰲Ը˵ھµİߣԿʼˣȥǧʽ𣬲ͼʱ벹䡭


ھʮ Ļʤ֮
ɽԼĲѧңŶգټѧ֡ǵϡ˫½ҽѧҩ涼֡ҩǼҴġְʵѧǴӲͬʦѧġ
֮⣬óйʿ򽻵Ϊ㷺ּ൱̶ȵĲͳƲƹѵһʵ汸š
ɽԾ෴ֻרҽѧһûм̳ôֶı¡һ輫ߣ˵ǿֱһ۵ĳ̶ȡ
ȻЩӼʵҳݵģʿȨʱҪȥţҪڱϱƽȡ
ⷽɽԾԲ丸
˵ɽ뱾Ը»ЩԵʯɽһڵĴС㣬ǹɽŮݼƽּŵģôҲͽ׼ҵĹϵôһ룬׼Һ񶼲ʡĵѽ
ʮգյ˻ظ˵͢ѾӦ¡λ̲󸨡֮λʱƽ֚Ӷ̲סĺ˼롣
ɽԾ˽ôٵ°»Ƿǳ׵ģǮ֮ڽ⡣
˵ƽ֚ɡλ̲ٸǨλ̲󸨡ǲϹƵġﲻϣҪͨ͢׵˲βŵʿʾס
֮ԸǮҲҪԣǸСС̽
ʹòӡ֤ƽ֚ĵĲ²⡣
˵ҵĹλΣӦĻΪģطʵ˽뾩ͨЩɻ¡Դ徭Դ϶ϻޣĹУš˽Խܳ͢ŶΡ
ģû˭ɵİô޷һɴһɣάƽϰϷʵʿҲǱšΪ˻ϧá̬
˽֪Ļ˥΢Ѿã䣬޹´ʵȨ統ųƴʱ򣬾ٹ̸ЦǰҲ˵ġĻ֮ò͢Ĵ󽫾⣬˽¸Сֵ˼
ȷʵɽԾ˵ھеļȨ̣ˣ棬ܵļޡǰܿڣǰ;δԹ˲Ͼ˵군ˣֲб仯̲ס
˵شʿȨѸ㰡ûϵȴ̸ڣǧ˿ƣͬӻһһ㡣
ȅɽʧ¼󣬳͢һȶƽ֚ʮ䵭û뵽ʱ䣬ˡ
Ƽôչȥ˵һ·ΪƺĻĻ́߱λȥأ
ƽ֚жǡʵҪڼɵܣ˽´볯ͨ͢ϾǽڳȻأʽλҪȽźá
Ҳ˵³£ڵء
˼ƽ֚Գ͢ɵĴ𸴣׼׼ɽԾ˼죬˵úȴʵж
ɽԾҲʵǲ񣬺޾صôֵĹԸ޵İʾ֮ǰ붮ӣ
г˼գ¶ʮҹ󣬱Ϣȡôݣնң徰ŷɥԸ뽵
ƽ֚㾪°ͣ鱨ı飬ϸѯһŲòʵ

ӮͰˣϾʤ˱ҳ£ĻҲǲܴӮǵΪֹֻʮ칦򣬾ȡ徰Ը뽵Ĵݣʵţ˼
һóŪıƣһ֧ˣ߱൱սľӣҲҲĻȻ
ƽ֚㰲˯һ賿ϴͣţڽķ´һʱ֮󣬿˽Ϊϸı档
ֱԲͬŵϳ໥ӡ֤
΢ʼĩ
˵ּȷʵһȱļ壬Ȼ֮£ǿź˽һƲͳɼȮɢȥγŻ˴жָݡ
һŻǼӵϴ֮Ź£ȡ衱Ƕһ˹ȳǡȻǿƹģϾߵ˳ʵȨ̡ǰ̡ﳤˡ
ЩǰּУԳ徰ġɡ
ǿаֶƹӣƷֲЩɣͼҪֶ߽֮⳯徰ͳ
û뵽һţ˵ʱ³ɼǿĺ
ѰʯͷԼĽˡ
ڶŻǳ徰ñңѼҳǵߣﵽ˱֮ׯǣȡó־ȼҳ֧֣ռԽǰĵ̡
Ӧǡķˡ
徰ô˵ΪƼҶһֵ֧ģοԾĲҪֻ߽ıּҵһڿ϶Ҫƴ
Ǹһ˹ȫǻ࿴˳ۣǿͷ֧ƱķϣűӺ˰꣬Ͼһɢˡ
еŻһڳ־ΪĵһСˣ˶غؿƺһġ
Խǰغصĳ־̽ơһ޳ﹴһЧĻΨһκ΢ᣬ޷ֹͬɴܹҷˣ
Ȼǹ
Ҳ֪ǹ
־Ҳ֪֪ǹ
ѻǼװˡ
־Ҳװ֪Ǽװġ
һʹ飬˷θϷ֮ѿͷŵ˵ƽԽǰһþ̳мҵʵġ
ȻǾһͬˡ
泯ּҵϵȻìأҲ֪ݺĵҴ޶ȵһ¡
ƽ֚㿴鱨һ˹ȾԼǧһˣھʮ糿һС¡սһʱ֮ĻҲ˽֮ׯԼǧǧˣȴ˺ܾãڵհ١
սսĻʤзͷĿ򽵣ֻм䲻֪ټ
ϿǱȫ߱ƺҲ൱ʧ
սĹ̿ɾ˵ˡ
ٷһɫٳʵսĻƣѵܵıһ߹ʿһת
һֲ֪ǷƲǣѲʧ󣬱ͻͷܵ´ңȫľ㼪סţǹ߷бǧʤֶԮʱŷΪʤº󽫾ΪǱ̬Ǩŭڼҳ
ǣƽ֚޷ֱ档
ĻʤûٵģʵҲôҪ
ʱ˿̣˹ףӭӹ˿֮⣬ѵбʲô뷨
ƽ֚㰲ھȺ
ɲ룬죬Ļδȴʹ߿ϵһʮ־ȵίС


ھʮ ˴˵
۶ʹӹ⡣
ϴĴ󽫾Եļҳõƽ֚Ƽ֯еΡúˮСְλųľ֮Եõ᪸ǵ֧֣ò𽥽ӽĻ
ʵӹʮִͳʿԵ񹫷ͣýȥ
ȻּҴݷãΪ˺أ
ƽ֚ɻӴȻԷͷһ侪֮̲ˣȾȹʹԹŹ°ɣ

ӹԭǷ糾ͣɫ԰ףͷ󺹵ģ˵仰·þſڵ˺ð죬ǿһ½ͬʱǸ˵ӣһԽǰ˻ʵ۵òУʧ̬Цˡ
ƽ֪֚λǳע̬¶״ѵĴˣæɫѯʾ¡
ǸȾȹʹԹŹ¡ȥЩˡ
ӹ⸧˸Լؿڣ΢ƽһ㣬°ݵʾּܳҵ飬̲Ѿ֪ˡ
ƽ֚ͷȻأ
Ȼ󡭡Ŷ徰Ը뽵ﳤǹ߷־ǰ־ܣ̱ľ㼪ȡӹһ£ܼƣһԱ֮ԽǰּҵҪԱһ򾡵״̬ԣ蹫ӣҲĻ֮С
裬Ǹ˵еŹ£ֻꡣ
˵Сԭ֣衱ǹ̵ּҵʱ塪Ҳǵ񹫷ĵġ
ղνȾȹʹԹŹ¡Ҳ˵
ƽ֚²⣬ȴȻı飺ĪǹˣҪλ蹫ʩͽô
ˡӹʹͷܲʽϣȻ˿׿˵ˡҪ֮Դ仰δţȴʮλ˵תȷɡ
ƽ֚΢΢һЦƵ״ôˣ跨ֹ·𣿡
Ψа̲ˣӹһͶصĴݣɱ蹫ӣǾǼȲ´壬ΥѪסΪԹļҳȻ޷鷢
ϵıƽ֚ȴֻ΢΢ͷȥûκα仯ֻ״ץס·°ڲ֪ʱƮһƬҶһðŵӦֹ£ȻǲСȸ֪Ҫɱ蹫ӣʲôأ
Ѫ飬ųĽˣȻΪųգȨλ
ӹľôġ
Ϊһ紫ͳʿ˹ڮҵ䣬һʱĿЭס֪ô˵
ƽ֚ҡҡͷͦôһͻٴν͵֮ʲô蹫ӵأ
ޡӹףϽش˵˵蹫֡ҵıȻУ׽Ӱ顭
Եȣƽִ֚ϣʹжϣʲô֤֤𣿡
⡭ӹɫ˱䣬ԥһ£鲻Ըص˵ѳȷʵ蹫ӵǡ
ȱˡƽ֚ٴκϣЩ蹫ױʣ˴أ
ȷʵױʣȻӹ⼱æֱ档
ˡƽ֚һҡͷϣȻȷ֤ݣͲ˵ǡУ׽Ӱ
ǡӹʱǺ̲סŭ̲Ҳ֪蹫ӣֻаѣĺӣôܷأȻֻǱߣҰļ˰
ǿδءƽ֚㵭ЦЦԶĸޣһʮΪعʹ߰ݷԹҪЭٰ䡣ó죩һʮһΪٲߣɹɾףȵ֪֮࣬λ蹫ӾͲǸͯأ
ӹԶԡ
֮£ʱԶǡ󡢲ʵ֮ó֮£пǼҳͣø
ӹ˷û˵ڡ
Ϊ֪ⲢҪ
Ҫǡ
ƽ̲ˣ˼ǣֹ֧˴蹫𣿡
ӹΨһĵ¡
̲סȻӣɫƵֱӶԷ
ʷʵ٣ѧȥжϾͺˡ
԰ƽ֚ۺ룬޵ľâ첻ӹʵ֡蹫ǷȻȡǷ˵ȴ˵ȴ˵ѽȻһ֤ݣҲ˵ˣվҪǷʲôС
ˡڴ棬̲޷ΪᱲѾӹ̾˿ʧ֮ɫ
ɾˡƽ֚ڿʼ¶벻Ƶ˼ԴʵҸղģ޷ǡʵǡˣѵⲻΪ˴ӦеĹ淶׼˵ʲôҵҪһ̬ˣ
ǿɡǿδءӹͱ˵Щҡҧؼּս˫ȭһһȣѾ蹫ӣȷҵͯóʲô֤֤ҲֻΪЩݺ߶ȡѣΣΪԹļҳܼ˼ΨһŹ˱ӹڣ
˵ʱȫţɫ࣬˫ϲ۾ͬҪһͨ졣ģ˳ֵľ;ˡ
ƽ֚΢¶һ˸е˼Ҳͬƶ˵ܿϧԹֻһ֮ԵֱӵĹͬģǵ񹫷ѴˣѴ޹ɱ¾ҵȻᾡȰֹѴֳ㹻˵֤ݣͨƶϣӦĴôҵȻӵ˼ҵΪƽ֚ڡ
˵ԭһʵĺ֮䣬Ѿ˽ŵ̬
ⲢΪӬӪ֮ԴڸԼֲ֮ͬ
ӹе־͵ǣͬʱȼ𿶿Ķ־ʩȻȻˣʿһΪ˴˵սɣˣ̲ˣл𣡡
ƽ֚ʲôҲû˵̴ֻ̾ȡƣյٱྴ
ӹһһת첽ȥ
˲ӰʧҰ֮ڡ
ƽ֚һȻΪ֧ԹŹ£ƱҪôǰĥ°˳ˡһǸ޳ܵʿŻܵһλȨأʳĳͷɡ


һ ִ
Ԫ꣨1572꣩Ѯ˪֮Ȼһת䣬µף˵ĸоѾһ㡣
ΪάھĴڸУƽֻ֚ø;߽ɢ챾ǧһֱߡһ䣬òϽϵȪ·أԸ˱֮⣬Ҫ¡ë̺ľȷƷ
齨鷳֮ˡ
ͨũΪ״ֻҳԳʼɡƽּҾͱ벦רʽ𣬽ɹͨ
Ǯˮһ㣬·ҹ׵ĿʱգԽڼΪ׵Ľ˶ͶмģټѹһǮȫûġ
ʮ򾩶̽Ϣƽ֚ԡ֮˸˽⡣
ս˵硣ѵҲҡڲΣ侲ĻΪʤǿе˳澳ֻȫҳսºжεӹ˭Ҳ˵ˡ
Ψгּսܵȷɵġ
徰Ͷ־ǰ־󵹸꣬Ҿǰ̡ﳤ˫˫ܻϴԵŹҲ˷²
˵Ĵû̫˵ģΨһֵùעǣǸС衱İ꺢ͯ
滹δ̬˽£˵ǼҪɱ֮Ѿ󻼡
վһͺ;ϣ˾ʵ֮飬ˡ
յܼ֮Ź£˭ܲжأ
ȻϴĴ󽫾е⡣
Դˣ۹ⲢԶҲıԵı¶ʮƽӹȻƽȴǸңȻ޾壬۲ӣԽԽ£˸ϴͳŵڵ֮
߱ɱ֮ʱӢ·սĿı׳ˣӮôڵͬ֡
Ȼλ֮һӵ룬ʵûʲôֵһĹҵȴӮ൱ĻҳһЩɮ¡ˡڹڵľ尮
԰ݼڵʽ̳е蹫ӡϡ
ӹ⣬ԲΨһһĴͨϵͼʩѹˡ
ĻǾдӦ˵һЩ͢ڽ̽硢ĻĴУȱطʵɱĻֹܹ˻֣ܳͷĹ
˵ˡ
ʮ³ʱƽ֚ھӭ˿ѣ˴˸ԺǴһ˵ҡһٻ̾ʮηţ֯´ҳˮ𣬿Ϊʿ֮һߡ˵㡰ȫ˳ᢾʤǧ浳ҵ¹ԷԺꡣ
ⶼӦ֮ˡ
ƽ֚㽨˵ȻѾƽµĴ겻ݺӣڡ͡ԽǰƵҲ״̬ΪĻӦüʱǲ֣»ָǰ
ͷ޳ɣԻͷ̲ˣ⵱ȻӦȪҿӦöԺڡ͵ΰһĲǡ˵ĹҲвʸ浳ԴĻʱ޳ĪҪġ
ƽ֚ɫ˵岻ݴǡ
̸ЦȻһоڲС
һգ˵µļ񣬹ʮָӣܳĽʱ䲻࣬˫Ѿû˸߶һ¡
õһĳŵ֮ƽ֚㰲Ļص˾ϽϢ
պ󣬹ĻļҲöˣٴǰݻᡣ
û뵽ѵǲˣȻܶӦ˵չճѾˣƽ̲
˴Ϊȣ֪Ǻá
֮ƽ֚ҲܰһˣʶĹһϵȴ·ɽԾţԷơҪ̲˲ꡱ
ɡ
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ƽ֚鲻õɡ漴ʣкιϵ
ɽԾЦǰղ˵õô͢Ǩλ̲󸨡ƺй¶˳ȥ
ƽ֚Զԡ
Ļûô˥ʱĴ󽫾ڴдͳġΪ֮࣬Ҳȡ֡û뵽߹ǣԭӡȻ˹ϵľܾˡ
˵͢ѹ˽ܵʿȨǲӦӲġ
ֻܽΪΪȻΪĻӣʵȨߣҸɳʲôǿӲ
ƫƫͬʱƽ֚õ˳͢غϿɡ
һȽϣҲѹ̬ʧˡ
֪ǰ֮£ƽ֚˼һ뵽Ӧ֮ߡ

һ磬Լݻᣬε˳
ɫ糣̸Ц磬·ȫް١
ƽ֚ȴĺѣû˵䣬𣺡ּ֪Щҵˣδأ
һ㶣𵽣Ŷ徰ھı˼ǰ̡ﳤи־֣־ܼνЩѾ˾Ψӣ蹫ӣҲ֪δáʵڲֵΨһѪ̷֮ϣ̲кθ߼
ƽ֚Ϊ״ͷĿ
̲סʣ̲˼£
ƽ֚鲻ԡ
״Խ棬ʡ
ƽ֚㷽ԵҸղ룬ꡭֵԴʱҶƽƽʢɱԵϵĺͯֻ
һȻɫ䣬βǿЦԻ̲ǣȻǳ͢ĻڲвȰҴȱΪõǺأ
ƽ֚㲢شֻѲӡ
ף޹߽£ֻһ˵ҵĵһĸй¶ܡ
ƽ֚̾һ°ݵǰĻȥҲ޷ڿʼĻ֪ҿ¶ˡ
Ȼ񣬵ͽ̡
ƽ֚Ը͢䣬õİ취þһΰܵвǲʶʿҪԣҸĻӦеء
һȻ֮⾪δÿɷֻǼʵĻڲķָΣ
ƽ֚ǾͱֻЩڲìˡ
ǰʣֻ
ƽ֚Ǹ״Ҫίһˡ
ŽõļƲ߸ڡ
Щջϸ˼˰죬ҧгݵƲãһ㷻ʵ㲻ʲô
ƽ֚㻰˵꣬ȴ˶
֪Է֣ؿڵĹһֱ̫Ч°𡢾ݣ趨Ϻ̽⡯һְͳϽϺѡƽ̲Ī⣬ϲϲ忤Ҫһְ֪޿Ƽѡ


һһ ۵ķֻ
ʮʮգ
𡢱½ǵˮɱ۽ָ˽ԱջǧľˣһҲǰѩ̹ǣˡ
Ԫ걻Ϊʮһĺ֮˵ǼżȻĲȻԪȴԺתȫûаԤеָɡ
δʮһ£Ѿ˱Ҫջȡůĳ̶ȣɿѵһϲӡ
ԭѡˡսַ̬ҵ˲塣֮ʢʱοʮȥţ룬󲿷ֵҲ֮ŴȣʡɱֻоƳ֮ҵĸӪȻͦ
Ȼǵĸ߶϶ֻڷˮṩסޡ׬ǮֵһǸĶĲƤ⡣
ҲΪԭ򣬾ΰƺж񻯵ƣй߹ټ⵽ֵٵĶ¼
ƲǶͽڶǮ߾ɫ֮ͽŮɢҲƣȻա
ʿе̣ΨʿǺļѰ֡
ϾսǶһһģûлǱʿиá
ӹ㣬ЩСȨȱǮլһӶмʿھ洦ɼеĻļҳеǸشɹġפʹߡе֮ͶͼҰıеרıĵˣ֣һ㡣
°ҵԷϣһȺµĺӻЩʲôȡ֣ýֺҲõ
ûԸѵûйӹǿ쵽ʱ̣ŰýĳšͲֻһӣתֽǣʶġɴݡԱϥͯ˾䡰һվɡ㰺Ȼڡ
ͯġ
Ҫ˼ϣ˫ƾŹ״ͥԺ볤ȣﴦ˿ۣƽƽ棬˽Բİšͷţתʮಽ룬ǰңɼһΧ¯׵Ŀ㷿䡣ͨȷȡů͸󣬳ݣүϲɡ
δţֻ֪ƣ磬ϴŮŮЦֺͶľײǮζǿ֪ġ
ӹⲻüЩʱ˼·ƽŲ룬Ц٣һƬ뻶ӭеϷнӹľյʮȻĳŻĺλã⽫Ůץֵ棬һЦ񻶡

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Ƭ֮ӹϳھɫ˲ɢŵذɫλ˰ɣܲңҽǻϢ
ɶš
Ƶĺ󾢺㡭Դеˡ
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⻰أ˲תʶϾԡ
һʱҲû֪˵ЩʲôֻǸļһҡҡλվ첻ؿڵޡƽ̲ƣ¡¿ֱ֡ذܣˡˡҡˡ˹
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Χ˲֪ûӦôţû˭뵽ֹһ£һǳһҡҡλεŲ
ӹɫʱ࣬ȭͷЩҪˣ˼ǰǿסԼܶŭ󷽵˵ǱֻΪ־ͬϣʱڴ˾ۻѣδκԼȻɳ롣б˻뷨Ա㡣
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ĴҪôǱ޳ĪҪôʵҪôЩûܴϹϵ֮ڸָʺϵԭ
鷢չڣӹԼҲЩˡ
ȴֻʱһǳĸʿߺ޵һԾŭȵλĪˣҵյԹĸٶйѪ֮ԹС֮ͽɱλڣȫûаѾνְϧˣղס蹫Ź£кĿ֮䣿
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һѪڣ׷кãӹο¿ڵʵвѾбٻ߸һǲС
ԭô˵ġ
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֪˵кܴ⡣ǡȰ˵ˡ蹫һɹʵģǡȰ˵蹫Ϊӡ͵ڸ˺һɹʶûС
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ܿϧĴ󽫾Ǻһ֡
Ȼӹûֹһʿȴ˻ͷԸʿʾ̫ͬˣ͸ˣûˣðһ䷸ɻġԭԹʱһ벻ıң񹫷˵ļλҲ֮£黹蹫ӣ
ûʿԸӦ˾ٳɹʮҵȸ蹫ĻŶԵԹĺͬʱҲԸ򣬹ˣ
ǰʿתӹ⣬ʮϵؽˣ˼·ȥ½н棬᲻ᣬƽ̲ı뷨أ
һһͣʱ⶯
ӹҲ˲еԺӦϳԣʾʱ㲻һˣֻἤ𹫷˸ķС
˲ۼڴˣѾ˱򣬻Ǽһﲻ
˵ǵʮǰڱ½ǹԼƣȫľ¡ǡ˲ŵתºȴһɫλ˳еӦеΡ
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ӹ״ʮżֱ棺סĿģס蹫ӵǵһҪģʱ࣡
˶Դ˱ʾ޳˵Ӧý̤ʵأҪ£׷Ŀ겻٣ô˲ʵʵĺøԶأ
ǣɡ롰侲ɡʼִݡ
ĸʿ밫ʿһۣ˴ᡣ
ǰĵͽˣܸñסɡ


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Щλڳ֮⣬Ѫͼ޽Ⱥ壬ܿǿӲѹԸǣֻʵ䷴ԿѡӦøİ취ǾǳѪķһȥȻˣڲͻȻ󡭡Ȼͺðˡ
ܱǸ״ˡҺûȫס
ûϵǧ裬ԺͻˡıǼȲޱȿɿìܴڡ˵ҲԷӪƺû־гԶ۹ǻۣ˵쵼ߡҲô򵥡
ţһȼס֮µġСǸ
ʲôʵ𣿡
Ǹ״ˣ˵ǡǰˣζԵ񹫷˲ҲΪǿɱİɣ¡¡
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ǰִǧʽ׼͵͢ʾǸ⡣ǧעµĻξȥɽƲ飨ɽԾɣδ޵أù˽ˡδȥ˶ûи¹ʲôɣϾ˼ѻҲˣʲôҲܹ֮ڡ
״ˣʡЦӣѵ˼𣿡
ʵúðû˼أ⣬պԼһ֪𣿡

Ԫ꣨1572ĩƽ֚㰲Ȼǧĵʱ䣬ܱߣһϵ𾪣ȴԵΪϷɧҡ
ʮ¶ʮ죬뿪山һͣҰʱȻ⵽һʮˡˡϮʱ߻л˹뻪ʵԱһԵʮ׶
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һ֮ʮ¶ʮգصȻʮ¼ҳۼſڣðϺڱѩأʾȰɣҪ󹫷ӣΪã̳н֮λ
ԴŭڣȻܾ˿ûأ˵ǰһܴɱ飬ЩԸɱͬһˣ˵ǡҰģĿ޷͡
ʮԸȺ˵ˡɱ¼󾡽Դ󾪣Ӧ졣
ʮ˵ذиԾ֤ס
Ҳʮ˸еգȻȥʧڽֽǡ
ֲȥģ϶Ѻ
ô˵ֵþ˾֪ˡ
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ر䣬˵Щᵽûǣֻ׷°ȥ
һֱʮһ³ߣۻѾλϵĹԱϮɥ֮󣬳͢סϹذ׶棬ѾĻڲ࣬»ָΰ
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˵ɼǫ뱾Ը½ͣѫǧʯľ㳤кݽҲͭ¶¼汸ǧʯ
ٹ̩ɽսϱֳɫҲõͺͰߪдһϡҼεһ㣬δ̫նȻᱻ©
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ҲԳǡһʮʯȺˡ
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һΣþǮˣ߷ͺ˼
һΣȻսû𵽶ãȴ˺֧֣ܶǺأ


һ ӥȮ
Ԫ꣨1572ĩƽ֚뿪̤Ϸ֮·
ϵ˴ͣѲأӼɽʮ֮ڣΪƽ汳顣ϲ߿衰Ͻᡱɽҹ֣ˮ쳵Ⱥ壬ҳͨվ̨
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㣬ȱΧԵǴҪġ
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ڲʱÿҪָĳﱨͽܹ׵浵̻ĽĿֿ涨ڽȵȡ
ΪʩЩߣϽÿڣԡĽṹΪ趨زšίΡ˾򡰿֮⣬ݿĹģСָʮʿεġСֱΰ˾˰ճͬʱԼǣƼӣֹһ˶ϣβ󲻵
ÿĵʮʿǵļҳԼҪƸԱγˡȫɳԱطϵʵﹲͬһ֮ڳ֮
ʵʱԽһ趨ĿǰȻҲôʵ䵱ԱǻùˡĲġ
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ϲһﳤдһų繤ΪҪ̫ġ
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⼸һûһʡĵʵˣҲƲˣھ޵¹Ҹһԣݲϸϸ
ƽ֚ѲĹĵһվѡ
ݷõĶȻǳҲԪס

ʮʮգƽ֚вֻ½ҲԪǰʱŽ֣»ӭݡ
˫̸ЦһһǰԷǡ
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νɡҲˡԷǵΪԪ׵һԵ׽ƲСڣһ棬ҲԼ־Ӹµ˼̽
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СϱһίԹ
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ҲԪײҺҲ¶ȣĬ
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ҲԪȻһӲһ£̧ͷжһαװ飬֣ƽ֚һۣܱ̲ӥǼȮʮңպһٽ
ܺãˡƽ֚صͷ˵ԣҲκǮֻһᡣȻǼȮһֻ⵱Ǽ޵ѡ
޵񡭡ҲԪץ룬Ƭ֮ԾȥĪǡ
ûַѼҵ飬ͽˡƽ֚㵭³Ϣ޴ۣ¾ɣﳤףĹһбҪĺ֧֡ϰصı㶼ԶãȻʵܲܽеöͿˡݵ֮󣬵ռµĵ򣬽ԹҲԪ׼С
˻أҲԪ׵һοЦ̲ˣó
ƽ֚Ц
ڴѼһ᲻̫ëһǳΪȡڡϺ̽⡱һòͷַݵ֡
ƽ֪֚˳ˮۣĹһս
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ھǿ쳤ҲԪ۹;ĵʱˡ
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ҲԪ˲ͷ󺹣뼤ҵ
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ֻҪеѡ˭ԸȮأ
ӥҪ׶ﲫһܳԵʵ⣬ȮֻҪҡҡβͣܰȫصõʣи
ʱΪԼ˫Ⱥɽȥҡ֮ŲòѧڵأŹͷлȡ֡
ҲԪһѵѡ


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һӵĹ򣬳ҲԪڳ֮¶ģˡַѼҡ
һжƽ֚֮С
ĺ׿Խ֮ʿὫΪ;ֻᵱǴչֵľûᡣ
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ҲԪףԥһ֮󣬲϶Ĵ𸴣ɴ϶ԣļȻҲơ¡ȴδﵽ׿Խĳ̶ȡ
ˣƽ֚Ϊǿѱӥ޷ͻ
ԺﵽͻĲ㼶ξֻǰɱԾˡ

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⻰ƽ֚ͷʾͬϱıηȷǶǰ뵽¡ܶڣܶټڵĹϵһ㲻ɣټڸɮн飬ɱΪ˵ͣԿëҴҲ£˼ҿϲϣҲĸġ
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ҲԪæݵлָ̲㣡ʵ»һ²⣬˼ҽġ˵һֱΪѽᣨŶ¼汸һִ±ҵĽ֪Ѿȣ֪
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ҲԪ׻ȻԭˣǺţͽΪòǣαؾڽأѽᾹȻվǲһ޷˷ɫջ󣬲ϣԴõаɡ
ƽ֚ЦԻǾ鷳һļһץлɣ

ͣգ볤ҲԪ׶ݽ֮ƽ֚̽дǵĺﳤס
ﳤĹɹ൱ɹۣһҵĲԫϣԡһҺۡݣɹ£ᦶࡢϲĹ˺壬ʯأһȻɢֲݺӵС
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ȻĺҰС紨¡ܣ˼ҵǽʱûôڡͿ԰¹㣬Ҳ룬̬öԸ
ںﳤ׵ıôдģҰȫëֲΪǡ԰¹ʣԣҼë֮ҷԴˮ©λʵУĹ
ʷƼȨһ˼ɽĴͳطǲöԸ˳װγû취̸ڵĹܵиôܽܵͷУͻѵû
ƽ֚ͨʹ߽ëԪմԵĬҡϺ̽⡱ְۣҲΧĬʱ԰¹㲻׼˼ţֻǼȴˡ
ëǿԺúһ¡
ͨԭԼɶһγƽ֚㼸ѾеĹ˺尤˲ֹһ飬˵ŷɥĴڡûʲô֣ܲȫһá
ɴʱѾʮ¹룬ٿǵ̬⣬ƽ֚Ͼֱӷص·žۣһ𻶶ѽڡ
Щ᪵Ĺ˺壬͹ǹɡ
ʱߵ̴ӡۡˮ˾Ի裬ͬ졣Щðź·˪ѩൽڣʵǺࡣ̲ǧ֮ڴաţǽﶼܱšԽݡƷů¯СǾֻܶഩӲš
˵ְͼ𣬸ÿ˷ĵĶʱվ͸ˡ


һ ԰ޣϣ
һֱʮ¶ʮգƽ֚ų˴ص˵·ݱǣҾһȴĻһΡ
æµ֮ѵûصԼ
Щδõļ檣ԼСĶŮѾΪʱĹϵЩİˣԺò׹լļǾη֮Զ֮⡣
ʱԳ²˲ʵȷȮкӡֱ⼸λķˣǰܵӺͳҵĳ̶вȴۣϸԼСģ޲ƽ֚ܵļͥϢ
󱲽QˣԼж΢̷̬ȣܴӸйռе粻ݸıȻĻ֮Уоߣ޷˷ġ
ƽ̲ⷽ治һôȻ˼ұϾȢô檣ŮһˣٻܳôһԿȻɵľ飬żҲܸ־롰ʱ䡱״̬
βٵСŮţ֦꣬ڼù䣬ȻֻܶؿշʱϹۣҰժĺ֬ǣӲк
˸ģܳŮϾʱƷЩòʹĸ¶ģŶӵŵ֮ȥ
˵ŮѩǧѾȥңԶ᪸ǲؼҹˡճǧ׼ԪѲǿЦֵܱQɵСҹϹ̸ˮɽңÿ굹һʱڼš
һȻȻвСһȴܾòˡ
裬ƺͬĸҹһֻͷӵģԸȴҹôɵ󵨣ʮųΥĸףûϳҪŶĸ׺ﱳ󡣺֪ݣÿҲȻèһ顣
ǰųݲߵĲҵ£ܲôӣƽСԺ徲ˣϼĴ棬ʮ־̲⡣ĸ˴ŮŮپۣϸʻǮʾӡСһãȻ˼յһĸŮĶ
÷һǾֱԴģϾͲôޣеֵĶºˣԼڷһ磬㲻ڡƽ֚㵣ʱ⣬ϧſڵϣһ˰ľͷʿżСӸЦŷġ
иСʦĶҲǲаУģʱײߡСֻм´󣬳ֱޣûбı취
ǳҲԪ͹ǺӣӰȣĹ衱ģ꣬Ѿʼʶֶ飬ԶǣֲʧͯΣ̲סб͵ˮ̬ʮϲ
Сӵıִµ˼ƽ֚㲻ĹչֵĶֿԡ

źóˣ鱨Ա߾ͬһˡĴݣӵ·ƽ֚ȻܰʱϽյܱ߸ټʵĪĴš
˵ǳʤˣھˣɼǫ½ˣëԪڱ뽩ˣ࣬һ㡣
Լо¸ȷʵڲԼͬתһԪȨⲻ֪żȻǱȻȻδ㹻˵İʸԵԽԽ٣ǰڿѵٵȼ˵ĳ̶ȡ
ʷֹǰЩżʯҵǧСڲϵǱƽʧʷ֮УǿϥƳʧȥ˲˰;ϵĶԡ
ͬʱЩɴ븻̡Ļ˵Ϲɵó¢֯ȻһʱҲѹйеġѾвٱձȡˡǽ֦ҶïģҲò𲽷ԸطһЩȨ
ϾʮͣǶʮһ͡Ұǹ򲻹Ļֻһֽͣĵǹ࣬
ΪȺۡеһԱƽ֚ѾںذվȽŸͬġսһмȨͳΣһѰŻᡣ
ǳͻͼı͡ȫĻĻע⣬ơĿʲôֽšͬĵȥëҲǲ̫ġ
Բŵʱ
Ĺϵİʱ롰ʷĽ̡ˡ
ͨξжƽ֚ʹĹ壬ԭֽ̨ɶóΣγݣ˻ɵɥǵв죬ṵֱ̂ͼأǲػصķʽȥš
ϸ֮ʮӴ汣˸ΪȨĴߣλȻ㴨֮֮ࡰʶʱ񡱵Ĺ˺ίԶȨޣλľ㡢ֱȼת
ػȨޱķѣ˺üݣɲͬ˰ѳ֡
͵°һֱڴƽ⣬ϵġػ͡ػǣû㹻򡣶ع˺Ҳǡ
֮ĹҲһЩĻ˳ûӦҲδѹȥֱǰս˷߲űֽ
ƽ֚ΪΡϺ̽⡱ǰѲڸأΨ©أȻ˵ȷʵʱţȴҲδûйĳɷ档
ɣص·֮󣬾аķ֮ͽ˵ҳڣս֮𣬽Ӧʱ˲ΰ̲˲ǡ
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ѾӳǷڵ·Ϊ˰ȫ룬Ͻͨ㣬ҲԽӴÿ͡
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ƽ֚㰴˼·ԡϺ̽⡱ݷͨ棬Űĵͼгһʮ˵漰㹻ʿЩ󵽺ȪİǣμӲ
ͬʱǳҰú׼ڼܰ͡ϸТɽԾҰ¡ɽճˡȵһĻ˷롣
˰ȥԹǰģϾ͵Ѿټ֮ͳӰ죬ҲҰʲô̬
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˼ȥĵطȻս֮С
ҪڲѪѪ£ͳδ˵أϵ֡
ҹîɽңȡüӵһ


һ ԰ޣУ
Ԫ꣨1573꣩´ڷѩӵľµġ
ǧ˪֮ʣٺĺȪ·һǺˣľȡůǾѰȥġ
˸֮⣬Ҳٽ˿صصĽ̡
ɽֽ϶ĵ·ԷˣڲϵȪڵȵصĸԣȼʡγһ˲ҵͬʱҲོҰʧɿɾס̹;Ȼƶָɺµأʤޣ㹻ġ
´Χƺδģ˳ֵοϢԭܿǣЩĵײһѾŲȥˡ
ȻɱģȺϼҴڵˣƽּ³ǳػ
һ˵׳񣬿Եõưãδڶ⽻˰ΪۣȡһЩʹֻͣǸɴɽػĶԼѳٲܵÿնʮĽеġ
֮ƣʶĶ֣κѧʣ߶ֹյˣܹõŴЩͨΪ
΢ЩԻдģԵ챾½һұнȥһˣƼһ˿΢ȷʵڵ
ȱ׸棬˵ȫû취϶Ҫˡϴ׬Ǯġ嵹ݾ˼ҶŮ򲻵ôԸеأҲ˶㹻츳
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ҲǴȱΪƽ̲֮еߡ
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Ȼƽ֚ǴҪһԪͳεġ㴨᪺֮и仧˽˰飬ûһɲӼƽϣͬĬ񲻵ڿһܻ
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һ㡰ʿͬǣֱ丸ΪɽҵĴ󽫵棬־ˮɽ˥ܣҲûȥҫĽ׶ΡĸԼȨĵλϼǵ΢ĩҵš
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ѵûһأûжǰԼһ˵¼״ӵģŽ塱һɮ£֮С
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⡰ʦ棬ȷʵľ㶯֡
ֻƽ֚㱾ҲûŶ֣΢΢һЦ飺˵ľֻίĹάΰʵڴСáҼίĳҲ־ݣ֪ǷУ˳һڵɢأ
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ȸϵĹݸϣԽԽԶϼңҪľϵӰ
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ƽֵ֚˴ܹܾݵĴѼңõأȫڳлսĽʿ
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ϣ̲ˣҵɱҰĵϸɨϸ֮üҽԴ˸м
ֱ˵ƽ֚಻Ŀࡣ

զüҶأ൳ִݡ
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µʮӴ汣ȡһҳͨдš
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һߣʮӴ汣ÿһۣĿǰ⣬ɺ߷Ե֪ƽ̲ȱΪն񼣣Ϸ㲻ˡڣɨϸ֮ˣϴĸ棬ʹǰǵơʵҵȡҵյɽҰ֮˵ĴƷ˵δĳʱ䡮ı¡£·ϿϸɨЩϵ
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ƽ֚δţȽͯѵһ˲ˮȻת˵Ȼˣɣ
Ƭ֮ϸ֮±ױѺͶ
̶ʱ䣬ϸ֮ϳ½΢һЩȫްܵŹŰļûκһƤˣֻԴδɾˮѡ
Ŵ˫ĿսؿھڲϿԣ·ܵ˼ҵĶԴһ
ƽ֚һ̧ʾʮӴ汣ÿ֮ѯʶʡ
ϸ֮ȣʶĿƽ֚ʱһţèһ㵨
ʻɲгɣϻ̳Ͽֵȫ̶ˡ
ԭһԳȥܵһλĻСָ㣬Ų˽´뷨
ǡĻС˵ʲôƽ̲β󲻵ҰĲй֮ƣʵ˽ܴ󻼡Ҫںƺ͹ޡ
һǮΪʽ𣬷Ըڰչߡ
ϸ֮ԡƽ̲ĹΪɣһΪεĴˣΪƽ֚㲻ġͬˡΪ̽
ɲ룬ûԼأͱٱˡ
ϸ֮ƹˤ̹ϵûȷʵǹŪ಻ǵ飡ҾϣǶ֮ͽɱǿĸʹüж̴߳ܣ
˵ͺˡ
ȷʵóЭ£ɱ˰ػϸ¡ӭȢ׸Աϣʱʮϸ֮Ϊܼš
ǸԱӹͲδϸ֮Ի㲻Ĵ
澿кǷֱԹʵ˿Կ͸ġ
˵һϸ֮־裬۸ֵͣŸıƣȴû˼㡢ϲֱǸ¡
һ棬ĻСʵݣҲ΢
ЩѾ³ߣղ֪
ǣϸ֮ǼһǾԼˣѺȥ֮ǰȻŴʵĻָʹҵλˣǵ񹫷ˣǾѹ䱾û¶棬ȴżҳʾٺ٣˵ƽ̲ˣҪİĻҪԸߺߣüҵЩˣо͵š
ڱס֮ǰԿزϽл˵𾪵Ϣ
ƽ֚벻ȫе⡣
լſȴ׻ŵ̱ȥ
ʮӴ汣ͷ飬žƱֱð
ÿȴͶ䣬Ǻǿֻŵղϸɨ˵ʲôΪʲôһҲѵ϶ˣѽѽǺã
լſʮӴ汣ŷ׷׻ȻʾղǵĶ䶼⣬˵ʲô
ֻλС⣬ݼԶԶϷˡ
ƽ֚΢Цŵͷʾ⣬ָŲ˵ˮˣû뵽²裬˾ȻԶкɣҲûϸɨ˵ʲô
ס͵ϸ֮һ˼رӵؿȺα֮˵ֻܷءˡ
ʱƽּ֚һڡԶкĲˮİ±ϲ飡жյϸ֮ţжٵ汻˵ûб˵Ҳ
լſʮӴ汣ĻΨΨŵŵĴ
Ψÿۺ룬ҲһӦϷһӵ̲˵ľٶ飬ҲǣУ˲顣ǰȥЭĳҲңʼ׼ԾݵĹأ
ɷн£һһ֮䣬·ղϸ֮Ȼʳѵ鲢û
ƽ֚֮Уÿ߿һۡ
߿߿飬ҪȥǷϸϵĵ
ˣһҪϸһģǰĵͷǼ̾ᣬĲɶҡ
ǣʣµ൳ǿٿǿǡ
ʮӴ汣Щ۹⵫̫㣬ֶιˡլſʵãֻʺϹΪװΣ档
һֱںȨȦӣʮÿǸֵоһˡ
ԼӼϣһʵĻᡣ
һĳҲԪףҲδ֪
ϸ֮˵ĻС
顣ΪϵʵڲСƽ֚㷴õġ


һ ĻУ£
ڳĳεͻ¼ڰǰŵĲᡣ׵ϸ֮ؽСݣ֮йĶʮҺ˶⵽̶ͬȵǣûκιˣҲûκ˼Ʒ
ֻʮӴ汣ÿֱľû꼰ֿ˵ĴǸҲȽ΢ûʲôء
뵽ɽԾڼϸТܰ͡ҰµȴĻˣҲڰûʲôá
һ£ͥԺģϡĻҺŲ裬Ÿ裬̸Цк壬ް׶ʫ˴󷢣Ҫλĺָһµʱ򣬺ȻɷѪӡӻζʿŵ롱ĳĳĳȥϲ鰸
ʣµˣǻ
ûŵӾ㲻ˡ
˵ܱߣҲڴסǧ֣˿ηȨƣʲô˶ѭԼһ׹صĲˡǵĲץ˵ĻһᱻǿӲضȥ
ǣƽ֚ΪѾ˲ҪװʿĽ׶ΣԾûôЩرСǡĲ˴򽻵
Ǹʶʱ񡱵һȽ˼
£಻֪Ⱥڣʹϸ֮⺦˲ǳıң۴ܵɡҲвٵġˡΪƽ֚ŪǷǣˡϸʼĩǲôͼӴԲһ£Բ˵
һʱĻ̻̣ڽΣгϦ֮С
ܹʮҰĺ˴ƽֻ֚ܵ飬ûиѹҲûɡ¶ʮ죬˽飬ŵмйĹ򣬸״ӵ̴ܻĹˣ
һҹȥһȻڶһˣҲֻƷ·
ʵ˳ͷϵʱ򣬷£ڡѾͷ˶򣬵ȥƽ֚֮յָʾȴǡκδװûзּɡ
ɶû
һλʱƽ֚ȻƵرʾļһһ취ĵģǲ̫ϡ
չ˸е־塣
ʲôڷ綼ûУʲôͷ̽ܶ˺÷ƽ˾֮¿϶ǲɡ
ǣڶϣĸˡ
߸


ǰûмӴܵˡ
Ѿвӵ˿ʼ뵽ӶӴܶҶɹӳȥˣǹݵİ
ɾıˡ
ʱƽ֚˵ϸ֮ĵ֮⣬ڳλ޹ȺڣܵκǣʮηǱӡģ롰ҵЩδҲбʲôɸ֮£Ҫ
˹ķչò˵ʵڳϡ
޹ȺڡȻͣϽظظҡƽ֚򷢳ţܹһʮ߸ηǱӵˣΪôľٶǸϽղܲ
ϵǣȻһԹ԰˵ģ֮ڣܻлˣ
ǡαأ
ƽ֚һӣ嶴ǻΪС񣬴ȻδӡС
ҺİŻһ£Ҫȳңǰϲɽ˼ⱲӹұŻˣҵļ̳ƽּЧң״ǲһֱϵѪΪʣϰڡְλ
ʣЩǳˡկأ翹ס֮⣬ûбѡ
Ͼ˭Ը
ǰҪˡ
ʮĸӴܳǵģδû޹һʱ嶯ֻġֻǸϸ֮ϵȽϺãǸʮӴ汣ϵ̫Ը
ʮʵʵҲغʷֻǸ̶ѡֻǸϸ֮ϵãǸʮӴ汣һ֮ࡣ
Щϸ΢ĩڶ˲ˣƽ̲Ѿݽ겣Ϊԡ
ϸ֮ػģдңұǰ֣ıױ飬һвС֮õҪĳͽ䡣
ͬʱΪ˷ֹ̬ڻңҲڲ󴺸ɣϸ֮൳ַƽּ챾ɣĹõ٣ֻ谲Ľرּɡ
԰Ľ࣬Ӵ˿ʼ̨µݺأٴתΪ˵

һ棬ϸ֮ڿ˵Ļǵ񹫷ˡƽ֚ڶֻδţҲûй⡣
黹Ҫġ
ߵҳҪôִҪôæճҪôɳȥһˣδصҲ˵ĵӣСгľ㳤
Ȼһڵƽּطӡ
ҳͨĶҳСɣΪһϤüˣҲ뵽档
δǣĿп¡ֻ˵Ҫھϸ֮ͬ
Щѹ̫ʧȥԡ
ƽ֚ڰǶʱ䣬һСѲӵ顱ͨŪ˼ҴܹĹ
ƾʱϵ֣Լɵӣ˳ռ첢ϸ֮λʤǵסصĴ󲿷ֹԱ䷭˸׳֮üʮż
Լʮ֮дᡱ顱ĻˣҲҴҵظ˻
ǵóһˡĽۡ±Ļ߲Աٽ蹫˵嵷ң
ƽ֚һ㶼⣬̿Цˣ뿪ЦʵΪ϶Ļ߲ٽ壬ǹҪԸأ
ľ㳤һֱ֮⣬˶ȵ˵ͬɵһ㡣
ǧڳɡïʤƽҰȨƽڲ࣬ûбҪرܣҲͬ𾪵òᡣ
ð죬СгŽͰ͵أӸƷΪʲôѲʱ򷴶ƽּҵԭоһ
ƽ֚ȴֻá˵Ĺȥûһʮ֤
СгѾǺܴˣ˿ܶû뵽档
Ȼƽ֚ųص˵ʵ֤ǡĻָϸ֮һʻʽ𣬾˵һǧٹ֮࣡˲óƣһʱòôǮõóҲиĵطҪá˶ѡ
Ĵ󽫾òһǧٹᣬȥЩΣȻȷʵʵ顣
ҵ⼸ȷʵǽָһЩǣûô´̻ٳ˰
ƽ֚ܽĻǣ˿̲δҲ㹻ĵ⡣һĵ⣬ҲûеʱȻо֮ͽЩҥԣ˵ҪҲȴҲûʲôϵ޺档
⻰ͷβʵû
˶ԺҲʡ
Ψһʵǧ裬ԥǲǴ˽ϵһ¡
û뵽Сгǽһ仰ºˡƽ̲˶ĻЧǳġһֱĻڲԱδһҪȫĻЧ
ƽ֚Ц
Χˣ˵˵Щͦʵġ
ɱ˵ʡ
ȻСгһȷʵеͷҪʱʱѹһµĸо
ˣľ㳤ıһֱ֣ͦô£


һһʮ ĹԼľ㳤
ȻѾˡϺ̽⡱ĳƺţڽĹٴζ֮ǰƽ֚Ȼȥ´̵档
ŵ֪ǰſ˷һ¶ɱΪǡԹŹ¡֮ĻڲձüţʱϾˡ
ƽ֚ΪطʵɣɸȥһȦҶԽ˵˼ᶨֵ֧̬ȣѩ̿˳ҪĹʲôĵȻ⡣
¾㱸ҲǷˡ
һҼΡٹ̩ɽεǧڣСֻңӴĻ̲½ϽܺﳤͳһָӣĹһʮļڤ粻Ĺ˺壬ж
ѾƽּҵľӵĴ̤ƬˣսѾ˵ͷǵĵӣȺں֮ȫκһ˿ֿ뷨ǵĶ־ȱ
ֻǸԻΪ㣬żСʰϸӵƲɽȥڱܹͷɽ
뷨ܹһʮļҺˣͥģдСٰʮˣʮˣĽҰôһأǲ׷֡
ϾңܳĹƧ׽Բصġ
ƽ֚¶˾ġ
ԽʿĽǣǰʱ䣬ڵҲҪҵҳжÿÿʮǮĳ֮⣬սʱȡõĵУֻƲŮӣҷĲȡԹսĽʿǡ
һ˵սʱɻ񣬻սӶĳɹҪ棬вʿŹͷһײʿҲͺȵģһǮСơ
ûдȴԳϵǱ
ȻҲеˣ˽Բ²ԼݵĹزһ¶ף³ܾͲ̫ġ
ƽ֚ʾʡĲȡ̬ȣ͵˵ߵķСҲòֳɣǰ߾ٺʿճɽӡ
Դ뵽塢ɽȡɭȥ׷ٺͲĶ
ҵҲļٹ̩뵽һǱ©ֱѯʣȴﳤ״ѯʣͷˣЩ֪棬ҵƻ谭Ҿ£ǷԡǷԶأ
ȻѾݱգɱð⡣
˵ȼ֮£͵ľ϶żʵġ
ֻΪƽ־ʿĴձ鲻ˣ㲻̫Լ۱Ƚϵ͵ġҵ
һϾûǮһɱ̫һºԲ˶ߣαðǸأֲǼɽǮۿ⵰
ƽ֚˹ӣĳЩ˾˼
ڼٹ̩⣬ﳤпǣѧ̲˵ӣȻһЦڽе飬Ԥʮ֮ھͿԵóۡʱһᣬҼҵĴ䣬ͼ¼ڰвϵλ¡ȻĳЩǼװӵģǿ֤Ҽ٣ȷϺ󣬾м߸׽û
˼ֻҪܾ֤׵ģпܳΪĿꡣ
һ룬ܹ֤׵ģΨʮӴ汣ÿ㴨֮˵ֱˣҲ֮һҡ
ʣµ˵ȡˡ
ڽʿ룬ĦȭƣԾԾԲᡣ
ﳤμƽ֚ķԸȫòӻľӺδֻ֪ӵľڶУ֮ƽҪϸա
̶ȣȻѾ׼׶һˡ

һ棬һҵ˼붷֮ľ㳤շתգƽ̹֚˵һ£ʵڲ£ȴֲ֪Ӻ˵𡭡ʵǰЩӣϸɨϸ֮ᵳı֮µʱ¡·һŵּЩ졣дŵˣԳǡСݰ˱ʵǸʵݣβҰʿġƺɡˡ˶ʮǰľ㼪˺н飬ǳΪֵĸױˡˡʱղŸҿڣ
ƽ֚ЦһЦûие̫ͻȻΪش𸴵ľ㼪ڲھΪĻЧ𣿴¼ȻϵˣôֵĸҳǣȥҲǺ飬δʲôֵõǵġ
𸴣ľ㳤ͷǣȴ˿⡣
ĵף֪ϸǸǫѷӣʵΪˡĻԸȫȫأΪЧ
ϧ߶ıԸƽ̲ôµĵˣ
ô붼е㲻ԡ
ҡ
ƽ֚ʵСһɰʧ̬Ϊպ󲻵òΪ𣿡
ľ㳤ԥһ£Ͷطӣʵڻ֣̿ΪʿӦвУ¡µʵڲ㡭
𡣡ƽ֚ȻѺõ΢Цһ£֮顣Ϊνʿ֮ȫϧκ꣬ҿҲˡ
л£޵ݣľ㳤Ȼͷȥ
Ҫɡƽ֚Ȼ뵽һΪĽ飬ʱˣһεͣĹֺúģ໥˽һ¶Էʵ뷨Ȼѡ񣬲Ƕľһģ
ڵµ¸мľ㳤һΪػ̧ͷᶨرʾҲΪֵܵĹϵӰ쵽ȥִе񣡲֪£ȥкηԸأ
ûҪôţǻеΪѵĻơƽ֚ںҲ֪ȥｻս֮ǰǵ䴬⵽зƻ¹ʣʧǧʯҽᣬ뼸ݺ˽ܵ׵ļ۸񣬷׬ʮ桭Ͳϸˣ̵УܶǲõģΪͶ׬һʵˣܵشƵĽķᡣڼݵ壬˾һƲ̻ĵ̺Ͳֿ⣬Ȼʳ⣬ʵʻͬʱΪҼҵݵʹãȥ︺ﱸɣ
ˡľ㳤ĬһһηݵأȻشһ߾ȫȥɣҾΪѪ֮飬ݵĻй¶ֳģ
ˣ㡣ƽ֚˵̬ʮԣʵĸоˡղ˵ģǸ׼۸񼱾ʱȻ󲿷־̶ˣȴҲ˴׬һʡĳСԱšĶСˣҪúעһ£һûʲôֵһûеĻͳ£Ϊá
ֵһȥãƽ֚û˵
ΪǸ棬ǽרĲȥˡ
ľ㳤ͼְһݣȥ
Ƭ֮󣬶ŶԷıӰƽ֚ϵ̬ȥ
䰵źȻ߳۵
ͷһ߶ƽ֚ʩϷĹ۲죬ľ㳤˸ղŵ̬Ͳ֪С棬ûиܵʲôٳɷ֡ҼӦò޶⣬Ĺҿš
һͷǡ
ֻһ˲ÿɷС߶һ䣺˵ôʱ򡭡ǾԵҳϣ͵ھԵĲҳϡ


һһʮһ ֵٻ
֪ԹŹڻǱնˡ
ֹ֪Ҹڳ
ʲô˵ܶʿرĻڲʮֶӣǲģ
ˣˡǰĻǶȥ򲼣һԲʹ֣˵û£ȴҵˡ
ʵ̫⣬⾩ΰָܲ
ôȥλ䱻ɱ𣿡
ιιûô°
Ļʵ˵ͷ˵İɡ
ΰΨһԭĻڲ⡣
ɶʲô˼ΪʲôȻˣ
ߺߣ黹͸΢һ°ɣȥ깫ˣ٣ܾ͢ˣأߺߡ
ιιֻ˵Ϊ
ѽǾǾƺģʲôĿġ
λҾãʵĻƵ⣬ճԿƨֵúúó˼һ£Ҫ䲻֮µˣԸ
ȡȡ
񻹲
ţʺ̸£ǻ˵𴦵Űɡ
ее
ûҵȲµˣʺ̸¡
Ǹ˵ʮǰȥ˺Ȫ˵ƽְ̲ˡʲôϸɨҵԭ򡣡
٣ƽּҵδĹ˰ɣ
ǵĴˣ
Ҽǵ˼ζʤ̣ÿζûռκأ˺սĿͳˡ
ѽƽ̲δҲֱ̫ظĳ̶ȡ
ǰûӦ־һضȡִҷûڶ
ĹȺˣƽ̲Ӯǿ϶ûģԸΡ˼Ҵ˾ͻֱӲصɽҰȥɡ
һѰķѴʺʱ䡣ļսֵ˸ҵմ״ʣ˽͸¶鱨
ҵ˵ƽ̲κоģҪһٽӡ
ˣˣǹϵ󣬻ǺȾƣȾƣԼӺصľվѽ
˵ӺأҾԽǰ֪

ƹѲһ۵ȵʱ򣬺ȻиĵĻʿȻ̤룬˵ʱ½ȡ
ϾڳĶʲôеλĺ̾޼֣ϸҰƦӣҲͿˣһ塣
Ȼδ˵⣬òΪһֻԳ棬β͵Ĵͺ󣬲ʲôĺˡ
󻹸Ĵֺ׳
Ͻġɼݡռ·ڵĿشһ½ţ⼫ѵľݼݡ
ԭ˵и¢Ķ̣źбȅɽ³ѹþֲҿ̧߼۸ǿǿ˱ȅɽʧ¼µӱƽ֚㰴ĦǶʧ˿ɽѸٵ̨Ŵ󼪡
ڵġɼݡȴǰиټһɽеġ
֦ʮ΢Զͨ⣬һ̻ڴ˴Ͷ֮ʱֻԼиܵڱ䣬΢СһΪϡ֪İ
ңǸСͺ󣬻ʿȥûʲô鷳ͼǵĮһۣ㾶ֱҵͯСԸ䣬ݣöԷ·ȥˡ
ƿ˿¿ʼָ㽭ɽ

ľ㳤ǰϤİӣипǧһʱĻȴ֪Ӻ˵˰죬Żڣ磬ҲǴˣʹʿܵǲе㲻أ̫עⰲȫˣ
ޣľ㼪ƺûаѹƵһЦݵ֪ݵĿɽټڻҴʦҴʦƽ̲ϱеɫĵܶҵ⵷ҵ
⻰ľ㳤һ㶣ҡͷ磬Ȱȥƽ̲ЧǲѾԤϵ£ֵڲͬطôܶԼиӦ
ˡľ㼪ͷƤٺһЦҿûܿôԶǾȥǶøѣƼųֱģϧϧһֱҲѽ
ˡľ㳤̾棬תĻȻ˵Ϊ֯£Ȼߣƽ̲˺֯ˣ֮ϵҲǡҲһѾġ
ľ㼪Ȼ״ԭСһ˵ѽʵ룬ʵʵ¾ͺˡǶȻΪΪСôõġԺҪжҲûɶֵԸ񣬶ǲᵱͽģʱлһҲ
˵⣬ľ㳤ȣȴʮֵ䣬̾޻˵űӾͰѾˮࡣ
״ľ㼪ǣСǰôϲİɣڶôǲǱ߳컨Ƶذ
ľ㳤˿ԼϵľյŷӦЦƽ̲óǧϲҲͦࡣҵһθͬһսʤ̫ãζûǰô
Сһɣ±ֹ֪Ҳߣľ㼪뿪Цسһҡͷʵҵܺһ㣬֯빫˶ϲȨǸϾƹ˽¸ᣬҲĲһȥ
硭ľ㳤ԥ϶ԷĻ㡭˵ʱ򡭡ѹˣŵ֯棬⡭ⲻ̫̫ʰɣ
ɶɶֵ˵лȺ󣿡ľ㼪˹Ƶ´Сӣƽ̲ü꣬;ԼĻˣ˵괩Ŷɲ͵ˣ
ĸİľ㳤üãȷʵƽ̲׿˵ģȺ˳ôʵ׼ȷԶǺҪϢԲܺӣǰûзԵ⵰ôأݵλˣȻҪһµ°취
˵ͷˣľ㼪̾ӻϼȥ֪˻ܲϳϴλؼʲôʱ򣿡
ȥ̣·βţ˳㿴˿ĸͽǡľ㳤̫ܲת⣬ʵʵشˣûͦģȥ겻˴˰ʮǮȥ㹻ǳ԰״ˣߵʱҲ˶ٹᣬðѷӷһ£ٹۣúܡ
ȵȵȵȣľ㼪Ȼ㵲ѣСӣٺ»Ƕ٣
ٺ٣ȥ۹ͣǧʯˣôľ㳤Ϊ
ôһأľ㼪͵ȻüɵһȥײȥģǰһǧʯɣôôǮһ־Ƕٹ᣿Ұʮᶼ˴ꡭ
ľ㳤ѧƽ֚һЦ˵ƽ̲Ǳߣĵ鶼ںҵ£ƵĻɲ١
ǡȨı˽ľ㼪ʱŭĿҲһô죿ƽ̲Ū𣿡
ôı˽أľ㳤ȷ˵һǧܸõ߰ٹ͸ãȻԼһٹôʡٹǣģƽ̲֪Ĭôɵġ
㡭Сʧ֪𣿡ľ㼪Ȼҧгݣɸ֣õ㲻õĶ˵øˣСһ굽Ǯȥ㣡ȨλǮƨѽ㶮
ˣ˵ֵľ㳤תƻ⣺ҾãɶʱٽһԼĵ̺ͳ֮󣬾ͰѼ˴βŽӳΣһ첻̫Զˡ
ҿԶúܣ⻵ëˣľ㼪һ䣬滺ͷаɣʵȥҾлɽˣʣƴˡǱа𣿡
Ӧÿ԰ɡľ㳤Ĺ͡ڶ˴٣һɻҾϷˡ
áˣСһҲʮˣϽȢŵԵŲǣ򣬺ò״͸һǣ˶ûУѽ
ҵһʱҡ
ճĺӲǸġ
˵ճ㣬ȢԼҵС㣬Ҳһֱû𣿡
ˡ檶ʮüˣŶȻһ񡭡˴˵Ҫʮ߰ҩ˴ҲûЧ
ʮüɩͦͻݣȻû¡
ɶְ𣿸СһɣŮҪ̣ܽÿλؼңɩǹſӭӣźѥӵģ
ʹɡ


һһʮ ʥ͵Ϊ֮
ú˶Ĺñ֮ƽ֚ɹ˲̫Ȥһ¡
죬Ŀǰ޷򷢶ӡΪŹ¡֮´۽㣬ʱǰȥĻܳʲô۵㶼̫ʡȵص˵Ŷϣõ̲˵ĽӼҲһֱǵԸԵ̫ʣˡ
Ȼͳߵż̫Ӻǰ㼯ȨߵĻһ˹ܳǧˣڲԶæġ
ƽ֚㲢ûҰġ
ЩճĹǩ밸ί˸ŵķкʹǣȡĩΡ
ȻʱûֵһҪ£Ǳ㽫ɫȮ֮ˡ
ϾƽּҸΪǳ˶õĳһڣܼƶʮ˶ѣʵڲڽξðŬһɵҲ֮صĹ
ܼΪɫսʿȫԸ
ƽ֚㻳Ÿ߶θʹУ׳ҵ־Ϳؽˡܽůȴ͡ո𡱵״̬
Ψһֵıǽݵϰڼ
ȥѾʱһֱе͵ƽּլռһϯ֮ء꿼λ紺ᡱѾʮ䣬ֳһ׽ഺֵʮֶŮԹ١
˾ֻĽʺ޵ķˡ
һ˿϶һ׽𣬶Ǯˣֶ˸ţҲ̲ϵ㡣
ݵλСȻܱѡòǲףֻǽˣӭķ̣ʱʱЩ΢Сӡ뱳׻Ǯƽ֚ġ̬ȡ
ֻϧ鷳һڼЧʮ͵ҽѧˮƽûµĹôѵصҽûӶ϶
߾֮ʮҹճ䡣Ҳ֪жĳɹ
Ĺľӣͼջ
˶ʮ죬ʮļҡҵѾƽļҡս˵ǧоնһٰʮ²ʮˣȡáܵĴݡ
ȻҲһЩг˵νġǧо󲿷ֶֻǲ֪ϰգ붷еˡնһٰʮ²ʮˡ֮⣬ɱ°ӵ޹ƽ
ЩгеԴ̼֣еԴɮ£вֱƽ֚ǰ˵ϼ仰Ĵ
̲˼ܣױ䴫
ƽֻ֚˼һţظѯʴ¡
ﳤ˵ڱĿ֮⣬˵ɱð԰յĲоڱĿ֮ڣԷȫȷи֤ݵĴׯҲȫǶսľƣ޹񡣡
Ȼƽ֚ϣ¾ɣﳤףְأҵҵΪҵ䷶ҵȻǺ޸ݵоԣⷽĲԣκ˶ٴҶˡ
ˣ﷽ֹ
ٱϿֹסˡ
û죬׼Ԫǧ費֪ʲô̼Ȼʼ˽ֹƫ򰵣֮ڷԼˮܸ֮ۡĻ
ȮˣֻΪѧϰߵιԣʮָˡ
ƽ֚׹˹ĨòػĹ顣
һ濪ʼ裬ߵһЩǲѾ͸ˣһ棬ҵǧֱʣʲô˵Ĺ𣿡
ǧ費ԥ˵̵֣Ƿ̫ɣǰ֮ʱ̸¡֮ҾЩ̫׵ȻҲǲκﳤ״ˣǱϾطһḴӣô˶ʾеĻеǷαҪϸжϲǡ
ƽ֚ʵǻɺﳤݲ½Ӱգŭ
⡭ǧе㾪ŵһҡҡͷݣֻжϲϸ
жϿɲ̫ϸƽ֚㷴ҲԵǰߣҰǵˡũ֮䣬оԵķֽ𣿡
ԭˡǧ򣬻Ժ˵ƶʿ֪ٺ»άƣҲҪµҲкܶ಻ʼįũˣʱʾͻῸųͷΪӱսʿʧȥûũũƴɱǰΪʿߵݣ֡ﳤ״ΪЩҪĶ󣬲ûд󡣶һЩ˾޹ߣҲһĵ
ˣԴطϵĹ˺壬ֻѡѱһԴѹ໹Ƿֻ߽Ϊƽ֚ӽ˵ڣһԶԸ᪵֮һĵطֻɱ׶ͻ᲻㣬Щ˵ĺ׾Ʊؾһһҵĵֿ
ǧһȻͷȥ˼Ȼ̧ͷ˵̫ɺɣҲδĳ£ܿǱлָʹˡ
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ǧգգۣ̾˿ЩӵصΪ֮𣿻ǡǡ
ԣΪ֮ƽ֚һֲʵ˵һλʥͣôġʱҪҪӦ˭Ž˭ȡ˭˭˭˭ܼˣֳ࣬Ȼ֪һôˡ
ޣֱ̫͸ˣһܸ㶮ϸ˼νǳɣǧǰһʮָȤʵλʥͣλأǿ𣿻أ
ǵġƽ֚΢ЦҡͷΪĳԭ򣬹λµ飬Ŀǰܼ鼮ȫ޼ءպʱʣһúýġ
ˡǧͷ״ˣǽЩܿƵĹΪҪĿˡôǾӦøӼᶨظﳤ״˸ֲ֧ǡ
ȷ˵ҲһֹڣǹĿꡣһЩҪŽᡢȡġƽ֚ȻһɫʣﳤסĹɵǺܲģҾһʱ볯͢ĻʵĹλʾáȻھһʱɣΪó͢ԱҲʺ棬Ĺ˹Ͻġ
ǧʶüͷһ˿ף˰죬Ҳûף֮


һһʮ 
£Ƿɣڱ֮ɽС·әС·󹬴·ϿС·ռ˷ԲԼ߳200ףĵزֳʮԺᣬɮ¶ĿǰԻճΪףϽнĩ£Ҫֲڽܡ½ںԼϲӵ
Ԫ꣨1573ʮʮȴһֱ޺ľ㼪ˣȻиƺϲļϲæܵĸƽ
λβĴˣھˮȨʢѾǹ߲ĴˣµճҲһûľԺӣѰͽͣɳһλ״רŽӴ͡
òĵľ㼪̤ר׼õķר־زΰһϹǮȻȲȥҲɮ̸·߹հ䣬ߵһǽм䣬˸עⲻߵ档
ȴģλͬʡ
Сϵͺߣʱ򣬳ȣЦľµƷζԽԽõģ˴ͨģ£ѡǺõط
һȥԳȴǻꪣüⲽ㷢ɧҰЩŷһߣҪǰȫټ㶼𣿡
⻰ľ㼪Ȼ֣صճѾʮˣۿҪԲţͽҾһ㡭ǵǲصģ
԰գľ㼪˫ȭᶨǹ㱣ƵЦʵʤüĴ˰ǿͷ̾ټɰҲ㣬ʵǰ귢Ҽ¡Ҳ벻֯ͨһҹ֮䱻룬ҵм¶ģȻǰйһڡ
˵˲ɵþʧĬ
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ңʹ˹ܲס˵ټɺòҵ˽ĳǲ˷ʱ䣡ʤһûƼѰһʯ£˫ֱأ֮ǰĬ⼸⸽£ϵˡĻļıܼƴһǧ࣬˭ܴ˭ܴﶼ
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ʤźӳ˼һᣬԥڡڣսĺˣһҺҪ£ܹһ֮ڣǧΧס
ܼһǧˣֻǧ𣿡ǹʾģȻǧҲܲˣǡ
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šǹǸⰲһ䣬̾һֻе㵣ģĲȽ
ǵľ㼪۾ѵǸ飬ȻѾŷ˾һľ򣬻̸ʲôȽأ
ǰʤûһ䣺ǸɵģǵԴĻ
ȷʵˡǹЦҡҡͷ緢ˣλһ𣬶һ
˵ǵΣľ㼪ʵ
͢ûκ⣡ǹնǶԹ˵ԶԶڹˣֻּɡ
ܱߴķӦأʤҼæ׷ʡ
ǹ˼һԻклСûֹǾͲˡǳרעܹƾǸ¡ϢڣŨβŵȽϸӣܶδ⿴˸棬ˡ
ǵʤҿЦŲһ䣺Ҳ֮鰡ԣǲֻǻŵӻ᪸ǡֻ֯ҵڷ׶ѣǱ뷴ΪվȻβȨ߲ŻĸԸ
ȷʵɱӻȥѶˣˣҶ־ʮ㡣ľ㼪ٴս˫ȭԼȻּʣΣ
ǹԻ½Ǳߣ൳Թ˲Ͼ⡣Ƶ񴨵ߵģֻû취Ľǻ˾ġֵǵǣ̬ȲŨԼϽྮдˣʵӰһǿƵĴ
ҵòҪ̫ġʤҴϵŨȻʮǱǮҲԶһһಡúܣֻҪǰƻ˳飬СӣҲͲ̫ˡ¾˴ͷǣȻԺӦ
˵ģƽ̲𣿡ľ㼪̲³˼
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ҲֻˡʤܽϾ³֮ҪǵģеԶˣ˵⣬ټǱˣ
˵ľ㼪˷ǲϰ˵蹫ӱ֮ѾгĻԹ˱¶Σɼᶨֹ֧˵ģʮˡʣµԹɡǮҲ˳⼸жĺǣ׷׳ŵȥ굽ĿǰλãѾһǧ֮ࡣ
ǹͷ˼ƽѱ룬Ұ׵¾㱸ֻǷ磬Ψһôȳˡ
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ʤҧڣû취볢һ£һɱԹŹ£ĵʱƳȥбİ취⡣һ£ôˣй¶ټģһõ˾ɾ͡
ʵѾй¶ˣľ㼪̾ҺãθܵˣһܹεģȻҵӦҲȽϵõû̫໳ɡ²ȷʵԣû취ٵȣ
˵ǹȻһ£ľµǰھ˶԰ɣ˵ƽ̲ǲܵһЩ̼ϵ飿᲻ᡭջɳ²֮أ
šľ㼪һ˼һ߻ҡͷҽ۲ˣȷʵǽڻ̽ϢûʲôԵص㷽ҹƽ̲Ǿ쵽һЩ˿ûо
ȷʵҪӿˡʤʮ־裬Ǹıƣ϶˶á
ǹ˵ͷֲһ˵ƽ̲ļҳǣ͢Ļ빦Ҫλ˵ЩӾͻʹ
ôƽּҵݣʹţ˶ţڿȥƽ֚㣬žп谭ǵˣ
˶һۣԴ˴һ¡


һһʮ 
ĴζĹñǰβͬҪǽطϵսҲûбҪԹ˧ˡ
ʱ䣬ճ֮⣬ƽּҸ߲ҪעǷ档
Χһ󣬿ԤĸҲߣɽһᡢŵ챾飬챾ĹģһңͬʱװġƬ׳롰ڡȻլſ±ҲСϣˮҲܵõһ֧Ԯ
⵱ȻҪһͶʡ
Աļװ򣬱޽ǳǧ֧˵ۺ촬ˣǸ̽޵׶
ӵȪ̲ưںƽּ˵ڲȱǮĴҲи޶ȵġ
Խݡݡ͡¹ݡˣȻƽּҹϵΪˣϾһԣΪѾ㹻׽𣬸ڽͷĿԴͶ뵽µŹȥ
ҴΡҡﳤʢһĹ٣ҲΪһʱ˵Ǻġ
ôһĻ˵ǣһʱ䣬ڽдͳսԼ۲Ʋȫռгʱ
Ļޣ֯Ȩֱַ󲿷ֽܵʵϲδУǴڶ״һ̶ϣóǿɾġ
ƽּҵǾͲֻƽּҿƷΧڻˣ뵽ܱûǿڵĻҵһ
ȻҲǻ£ǻȡҵĵ֡
ҵȨɢƽ֚Ȩλʮġ
˵Խ¹¢ó׶ʳסУǳҲԪ׾ֻܹԹΪ
ᣬֵͨ꣬ƹԡΪûң·˷гƱ͵ԴԴ˰롣
Ĺٳվ̫о飬빫سϽһ䡰֮ʤٱ֮Ļ
챾ı󽫡ͷʮջ˰طųȥ˵ʲô쳤ҹ·ʱ˽һ£ǽǵ
Դȥףɹֹ֮󣬲ٱǾͿʼսᡪļ쳳౸Ҳûֵñˣƽּ챾ҲܳƵһǿ˰ɣ뷨ɱĲˡ
ֹֻܴһܱȴ˰̱ԱҪá
ϣе̬ȫ죬ֳ䶷ɡ롰ɡĶߣҶڿѹƺδìܼ
һۣȡ֮ƽ֚ͬǵļ⣬ŵ겻Ҫṩ׽ǽͶ뵽µ档
ǣͬʱƽ֚Ľڼﳣӡ¡ˣһܼǧĴϢޣҲ軹ޡ
Ψһǣδڼ䣬ƽּΧڣЩһϵм̵̻߽ͬľӪȨ
ȻǽڼݣΪǣͷȡ˴󲿷ӵнȨתõʸ񣬰Ĵ֮Ȩκ֬ݣǮ࣬һռǧᣬҲ൱Ȩֻǲתøˡﳣӵרעȫľķóɣ¡µҩݣ᪵
ʽĳɹǩζƽ֚˿ʼϻݻ½׶ΣͬʱҲǶǲСôѡ
˱ĻԼʽΪ¢֮⣬ĸȨǶռеˡ
һ佫ǵҲС֧֣󲿷ֲء
챾ûԭô࣬Ҳ֧ӣǧ٣ϸ˽Ǿǧҡ
ͶƬ׳ڸʮߣԼţԶԶԤڣȻǵ棬ֻսڼ䣬ʱ񲿶ʹá
ڱ󽫡ͷĿ⼸㼶ϣƽ֚ʵƽ´ڲӰ֯ȵǰ£ɽͷһЩ͡УֵεĹӵܱ챾¼٣߰ŵϰС
Щǣ۵ˮǵõֲǼ򵥵䣬ǽְҵġڡȫɢ࣬׳߳ΪѲˣս߻ؼҲ㡣״̬õĴֻһϽӹ̸Ϊõͻȥ洬߾͵ز٣۵Ĳϲֿ⡣
ǧ棬߳ɻѵյóһ֧ɰڽʮҰլʮҹشǧˮʮԱɲӣҷΪֶӺһɰլſ곣ֱ˵Σƽּط±ʱά֡
ֶӣֱںȪ·أھиۿڵĻϣרҵԾۣΪפءˮλڰǸϽ¡ڡװְȨԵͬڲġС
˿Կˮ࣬Ϊ˱պսҪ淶ںһĺʵʵͬڡЧ
ȻֻܹܵԼһ磬ںԴëҴˮưԣˮȻǵ͵İˮ뺣ŷëġ硱
ڻʺëҷʱֻӡ

ʱﳤĹжȻʮ˳µĲΧ£ΪҵͷĿʮĸ棬Ѿа˷ȫȡáնİʮ߰١սʵʱİմԼҡ
ȻطϵĲҲԽԽǿˣܱƽ֚ǿѹסڰӷ͡
³ɴͳͻ
ƽ־һСʮʿڰС幺ʱ۸û̸£Ϊǡǿ򡱣ŭ⵽ׯڶ౩ϮĿͷ䣬Сںȫߣһװӳϱ
ɣɥĶĿǰҼε֡Ҽε֪£ŭڣһǧɱڵıĿܱɱӣ˻𣬼ǰׯΪƽء
˭֪ׯУиׯȫգѾһһڵʯɽԸ¡һׯڽܸҰɽµĲڵơ
¨Ӿͱеˡ
º󣬺ﳤΪƽ־Ĵܴ󽫣ɼ˸֤ݺ󣬶԰Ҽдһ棬˵жУпԭСʹ룬
˵ø׵Ļ
²Ϊ
ţذȻǲġ
ղҲˣҲû顣
ȻһںҲʮֲ⡣
û죬ʯɽԸҰɽµʹ߾͵ƽ֚ǰҪ˵
ƽ֚ǽ衰æ͡ȮŮ֮Ľڵ˼죬Էûʣʵڵȥòһ档


һһʮ 
ʼյţҪڵǽѯ֮ʱﳤ׵ʮָӵġ¶ģһаţϴͷ֮ȴѾ¸һ߿˻һغС
һİҼһ·ü跹˼˴ĺ磬Ƶؿ˵Թ̫侲ˡʵշǱһְ취ǰӵȥƫƫżϻ·ӡ
⻰ﳤֻЦЦŶԷο˵Ĺҵ̲˵ָʾǡ񾡡ҲǰµġʲôƫҲǺİ컵£ǲɵġ
ҼԾοͷ˵õҲǣİ˻£ֻ˵ֻ˵ǲó߰£ǿɲΪ˽⵷ҵģҲ̫ܵص𷣣Ժˡ
ԻƺһЩԣǿʼһûһ
˵˵ȥܲΧšôͲźáϡ
ҼǸ˼½ʶҲʲôżʷֵ֮飬սԽͲ̫⣬ǿ˼ڤҲûõӡﳤóˣǽȴЩĲɣ˵ɶǲÿɷǿӦţʱʱĴܣ˼
һʱ֮󣬺Ȼ˸о͵ҡбƺǳʲô¡ż˼˵콢ĺգĳذϳ©кˮԴѾб˰أ
Դ󾪣˲£æˮųˮ©ͬʱǰڽֻЭ
һӴˮǶޱȣеͰһһʹѺˮⶵеĿɳȥס϶еҵľͶ׼ɡ
֮УȻȺε
ﳤ׺޾֮ģܵʱŲ˼ͷҪȴֱдȸβʱѪֱҽвѡ
Ҽϰ겻ꡣǻãۼſˣܹ棬˳һţǰĴ̿ߵõԼźԥӵһ̿͵ĲѾһ
ΧˮѯΧס
ǱҼߵļһۼ²ΪϻŶԾûаϻ
ﳤ׻ѪҲ̿ǵݣϽǰֹѪ¾˵ҩƵġ굤
žˣ˲ˮ޲б˼֡
֧穣ӦӲϾּд㣬ϸһʵĲֿ⾹ȻѾȼҲ֪Ƿ˹ݻ
˰Ҽ̾һʿˮǸϽԱѣԴĸˣ̧ӦС񷤣˵ĺﳤף͵һҰլϣ˼ϵĸǣƴװ塣
ȻҼԼȥ

ʦʦλ˵Ҹոռ˺ﳤҼΣ֪۷;оȻ⵽ɱºﳤˣ־ѡʵţƲӦǰҵΪϣλʦǵûǣС
ƽ֣֚£˪ϣϣ·ڼסĵŭ𣬶ĺ׵üԶ
ת벻ǰɮĵˣʿĹҶȴʿͱɫɮսսԶԡ
ʦ¼;ʦɼ֮㣬ڴ˽ĻܿߣչǶǲᶯĴг˳Ƥ˵ĵһڵĸǳ겻뿪Ըº͸µġ
ʮɮ£һôεľ棬ݲǲ¡
ûһڵоò˵ĹϣȻǱԸЩᣬǶģƶɮǰΪƽ̲ˣͨ;¾κεжԵͼ
ڵľиǷǸһƽּҵλΪʦѣааһͽ漰ɱ֮£һо̲˷ԸһŻࡣ
̬ȣƽ֚ɫ
бֻüҧ̿ˡ
ƽּҷĿɳǱģֻ˶ΣСƲԼôһԵùų֮ӣȥͬܵһָ
Һãƽ֚֮չֳһλӦеȣǰɮһֵĻҲ˵ˡɵĸܣҲ⡣ɣﳤ׻ڽְλһΪֱдһǳҰ档ҼɽһԻһǶĹͽǣиɱ֮£һ᲻ɫеģûгʲôı仯¾ʹԹӴԺ˭ҲҪᣬΣ
жһ£˴˶ùҿԽܣһӦʩ񣬳̲˵ʴݡ
ˣΪʹߣͿԻȥþ֮󣬲ƽּҸıĹ°ţҲԽˡ
ȻһںҲܸĹͽǣѾǸаĴٺ佫ٻ鷢ӶΡ
Դϲ

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ڼȪճλãʱá
д꽻ϰڣһʵ
Ȼƽ֚㱾˳ǵĶ֮һسݷ֮ǰͨ㾶ֱڣҵڴģǼѹ
ǿӰʾۣźüŭø¾ɣŶһ飬αҪʲôƵİϷһ£ô죿
ﳤ΢һ㶣˼ЦˣһŶһʱûϵ˲ͷֶˡʵʱɱũ񣬶ûգܿҾˡ
ƽ֚ջˣʶǳ⣺ʲôô룬һ̿͵һ㣬ڱѳӢˣ
лģȻ²ʩֻðˡﳤǺѹЦڵĽ㲻˼ɨĹĿʵҲûܵʲôơ
ƽ֚ŭƬ̾ʧʼ¾иˡ
ʲôﳤЦݽӣ֣صݹʮɮ¡̼Ĺ䣬޲̸ڣǧ˿ƵĹϵڵ·Ȫô˼ſԶڰʹָνʱáδܳշӪأϴԸ˵ҪĹ񾡡ҾͲµҪÿ쵶նķˡвìܳͻҰһɻ⣬ʵǺֵáҸ˵˵Ҳǻ
ðɡ
ƽ֚겻ѣԵȺúϢһ㣬Ұȥ£úѧϰһ񷨣ų͢Ϣɣ


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ڡɱ¼Уﳤ׿ʮأҽʦϸ֮󣬷ֲδ˼ŹҪʵƤ֮ˡ
Ȼʮָ֮ò࣬ԤȰţţܹ١
ĹȨְһΪ֮ͷдһϵдǣάƽּ档ͬȫǴɡȪǳҰڰҵ
ӦģȪȻҲᷢһµٻȫ֣ǿƵһִڣɵĴ١и˾ְ໥ϡ
絭·һЩطƽּҾӪѾãֻҪͰйоؾУûҪһ˲š
⣬ʵְλҲֹܷϵͳ̻
ʱҲԪסʮӴ汣ÿľѾڱĳĶ£˳ݵ׼ϣֻ䡣
ﳤףǱΪʹߣǰݷó͢Ϊƽ֚Ĵˣ桰ս˼ϡͬ빦
Ȼ͢ȲóǮʹͣҲܸصļӷ⣬˿տڰһ֮⣬ΨһʵģǸλˡ
ȷѾųˣƽ֚ļƻǡﳤףλµ·أҳͨλºڽ飻ƽ棬δλм
ǵͼĹְͨƣʾܹҳĶ־
͢϶ǻеΪѵģĻҲδûʾ֧֣޹صΧȺڣʲô̬Ҳ˵նҪۣػǮľ档
ҳͨڽܵġɡ̬ǷǳҪģõְ˵ͶѡȻûõЧüʱѵĴƽΪβˡһڵĴڴɺ⣬Ҳ֮еġ
ﳤ׵ĸڶ֮䡣
֮󣬻ǱȽйģҲûеȲĵز
͢ĻԲ˵һһҪСϸŰݷã׺ڽ̽硢Ļʿ̸Цӭ಻ɵϵС壬СˣͬɫغúýӴ
ڣƽ֚㲢ִƾͼҲֳܱԸܱߵûֱ̫ϵԡ
ЩʵΪ˾˾ƽּһģѺõģ콻Ķ󣬶Ұ³Թ֮ͨ
ӡֱܸ棬ȴĳЩʱ΢á
ʵҪֻˣɽԾ͢ˣͬĻͨ
ٹٹע׽ΰ⣬ϣĻֱϽϵõ֧֣ЩҪú̸һ̸ġ
˾ȫ˳棬ˡ
໥˵˵ά뼪ĻתԺ󼴿ɡ
ΨһһڲͬģǸӡ̵ѡ
ŨիС˫ȫ֮񷨡ʫ衢աѧһ˽ܣǹ֡
ǰһΪ֯Чﳤի㳼۵ʤëղɭɳµҶ塢һľȫҳΡ¹ڶʤһȦӣĳЩʳϴ
ʱǨȺ棬еĲսеǰ;еڷܶﳤˮǴ߻õһܼķڰһ¾ʶҲ֮ڡ
Ȼի˷ݷã̸˴ĹȴȡʲôԼԼ̽ʲô
ڣƽֻ֚һ䣺ľƿЩ΢вãûбҪȥмɡ
е̽ѾûĺﳤһͿȫ׵ġ
իζ˵ҿ˴ȫװĽΪӣʮ䣬Ľ
ﳤ΢Цţڻش𵽣Ͼ̫ƽڣżҲ׼ܣòСġ
իĵͷԴһ΢֮⣬С̽ƽ̲ˣԾΰǲ̫ĵġھȴ޷һʵ
ԺﳤֻһͷˮãȻ⣬ҲαػӦ˵ô᲻أʵ̲һֱ˵òֻ󾫣С޴ѡ
⻰իɫ΢һ䣬Ƭ̺˵ʵǡǱˣǴˣһֱãƽ̲Ӧûʱ򾩶ָǵĹźáϾȪ·ĳɹ˶
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ﳤ΢ЦҡͷʾӰ죺һƤë֮ˣⲻ䲻֪ǺˣΪʿ͸ŪıƵС֮Ϊǡǿ߲ᱻСֶλܣҲƾСֶξͱǿߡ
˵⣬ի΢΢ɫĲһ£ִ⣺ȻѾˣǲҪھһʱأϾҽ࣬ҩҲռӦòɵȥһɣ
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ǺǡիͷǿЦһЦܽǰ֯ңڶĻƽ̲Ǿְأʿģ
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˰ػĻ˵ϰ죬իʲôҲûᣬһ֪Զı飬ſɬЦݣĬȥˡ
˼ңǹ˵Ҿƽ̲ӦǲǵһЩ˿ɺﳤ׵빦ʵʾƻģ˵ð䣡ڹ֤ݻƽ̲ûֱʩѹֻܲжٹһʱܾ͡

ﳤף˰죬Ҳף£ƽ֚дһš
ô˵ģ¸֮һ񶼺˳볯͢Ļ綼Сֻһ£ʮĪչʽիյŰݷá̸֮ʱԲͨһ㣬˵֪ƣãȻ⣬Էȴ򡣾ͺҶţ٣ţȴ˵һ㣬


һһʮ ָ㽭ɽ
Ĺɵġַһ֮ƽ֚յԾݵš
ҲԪ׵˵緢ģҵ쿪ʤƴѼ˾ڴԭȡ뱱ݵ㣬˽̲˳ᢣʿһķսĦ಻ס
ʮӴ汣ÿԵʵһ㣺ϲΪѼҵһΪǿսҾΪ֣һ뽩־أֱõĦҶ֮󣬷ſս˵Уջ֮ءʿƣ֣ˮӲִ٣ʱͼıսһ㻹̲˼¡
ǰԹ۵Сг˵ʵĹԭΪѼƴȡʵ⡣淽֪ҳϡֵȣ֮ԭһսĹǧ֮ڣǧƫʦȻռϷ硣ҵߴҾתΣΪȻĹڵ֮ǰռؾʮСΣ桭
ƽ֚㲻ȻʧЦǧ˵㿴ļȥһ˾ݻкôٿԼʶĵӹߣǲ״ʲôʱȻ嶯˲ص顣
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šǵءսҪǾʱô򵥵ĶԱ˫ƽ֚Ľ͵ȣĦ򿰳һǿһδõӡ֤ģ֮ս꣬ʤٰܶ࣬Ͼйأǿά־ơҵսȻҲ൱סĹ磬׼ֲ㣬ǿֳһ̫ˣⲢζţ˾ж¡ҾǾսȻеİ취ȥԸǡ
˵ǡǧͷսϵ̫ˣܽһʤ֮󣬾͹ĲôҪġ᲻ΪôһܣļӣͻɥȻˡ
дùս˵ⷽ⡣ƽ֚Ц
ǧ費Ӧ뵽Ա߼ලģʵսᴫд֡Դ޵Ķʲôأ
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˼ǣЩݵϵķҪԶԶĹҪɫ𣿡ǧգգ۵ѵǰһ죩ѾľĹ𣿡
ô˵ûʲôƽ֚㿪ЦصͷһʮĹȷʵûʲôԼȮ֮ǰʨ촦Ǻε֣赽̨ȥֱ档

ƽ֚ҪӰԪʽˣñ׵İźǰȡʲô֮ϸϾ˰죬ŷҲҪż͵
Ѿǧ赱ǳˣʼս԰š
ݷĴϵ򣬶Կѣ¡
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Ŀǰʱ򣬵ͷԣθڶˣ׽֮Уʮ㣬óȻȻĴѼңʱƽ֚Ĺڸ֧ԮһǻȻܵġ
ͱոսսȻĹֻӦһǧƫʦΪǣܶԱֻǧ˵˵ǣһǧˣҲǺİˡá̲Ϻ̽⡱Դơ
Эҿ»ԭʷϯݣֵܣȷ˵ǳ˼Ҿֵ֮ܣǷֶ棬ǿľ񣬿ɾδˡ
ȻѱҲҪҲԪ׵˵ĴڣʱͻΪ޲ϵȦ
Ӿأ
ƽ֚߶ӣëڹͷëԪ֮ͣѾʧȥ˽ȡֲ֮Ѽôǿиɣس֮ǵҶëԪǡۡ
ĿǰУë᲻к︨ǳγѸܣֻǻƽ̡
ֵעǱǰϲֱңԲ£ȴضʱϣ췭ظӰ죬ıµĹ
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ƽ֚ǧ͵ġ
ܺһʱȫܣһȥ˵
ڹض붫ʶԺ˵ȼڽܡΧľһΪģʱǡʱƺ˭Գ˷𣬵һѸǱ׹ءɺսģ΢ġΪ˱סеļҵǸһøԶȫȫȡ΢ĲС
ƽ֚㽲ͣסͷƺ֪νھҵľ档
ǧȻʣǲﳤ״ˣʱȥ빦Īǡͼ𣿡
ǡǡûСƽ֚ҡͷ֮ǰɵˣľ㳤һй¶ˣûнκ顣ΪʱĳЩ˵ֻסԼ˵
ʵǧԥһڵԼҲһУ񡭡񾩶ľ棬Ϊ˽һЩľֹҲΪ֯˵Ĵڡ
㽲Щƽ֚ӣüϸŴǣȣ֯Ͼľ˲ԣһʲôʣϣһʱؼңסĸסΪʱпܣǲȥҲ㰲ŵġ
ǧĬһȻС˵м֤һ¡ʵҺ֮ǰ˵֯µԭ֮һҵĸ޵ǳҵİдˣΪöлΪˣϧֳȥ
ҼȻǵˣϸڣҲûа취ײ塣ƽ֚ԥҡҡͷʮ˵Ƿʵ¶Ǿ¹Ҫԭ෴µչЩôķʽ˼ء
ޡסǧʶ򣺡˼ǣһȥƽǺġ
ȷ˵ص黹ǺģΪµĽѵǹעѾϸڡƽ̧֚ͷžĵУҪȥĸͬǷȥͬ£û塣


һһʮ ҳ޸
ϸǰκε֮£ҵǰ򡭡ǵΨһĻˮӢˡ
ԨӢɽгϡľĻͬ߽ӣʱ̿ȡı飬һȥ
ϸТֻһоͷۣæʧɫ״λιˣʵڲҵҵֲⰡ
޺޵ĻķϸҲóɣ֮ܵż˶ĿȫɱΣ֪ʵ飬֮࣬ʵȴΣѣֻڵϦ֮䡭
ȿȡȿȡԨӢͬô̫ңϽϣһ˵ϸ˴꣬ص£ע̫ϸ΢ĩ֮ʵЩӣ֯Ͼľ¡λԼཻ֯ܵǣˣѾ˹˵ϱҵĻ
ҵȶųҪְ֮ˣվȹѳֵ֣֮Ѿţ̲ס죺һɫľľܱסȨְȴһڡԽǰطչھˣ˵ģ
ϸТΪ״֪֯ɳõΣһսһǡ
Ϊֹ֧˴ԹŹ£ŭʵһʺ񣬴˴ΪηҪȡһͯҿ붼Щ֯ɳнԵĹϵȫҹŹ˽;
ţţ侲ԨӢһ䣬װºٴγ˫ɣҵƾ޾ݣſڴƻƣʵǡʵЩ˽Ļ֮󣬾ԽԽ֣ɲòѽ
ң˵ս¿ҲҲЩè壡ֵһһ£ҵȰľ¡ȴʤ֮ڼϸ֮Щ֯ɳҵϷ
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ڰɣϸТԥһɵҼǵãݡҰáЩ״ĻΣҲ֯һİɣ
ҲʲôֵεˣҸоѾһ˵ʲôԨӢס
ȻԨӢҶɣҪȥͬţȻ֮ǰЩ״Ļǣҷһ֮ҡڲ޳ֱ˾ǲǰЧǡǲ޶Եġ
Զԣôһ˵ȷʵϸТɷнµͷֵû뵽û뵽λĻҿ϶ŵġңӦãִµƵͷ𣿻йһϵģʯȡľβСԭⲦҷ飬ְڣҲл˵ˡ
ǺǣȺмͬڵԨӢûֹԸ˵ʵ뷨һϵȷʵղ뻰Ȩǣÿλ֮ϣƵʯȵλͷѾǹӦ棬ľβСԭ֮ǡ޳ֺܵľ㼪ʵ߹ĳ̶ȣҼֱ֮ͬУ
ԭˡϸТȻ״Ȼλʲô֤֤֤Ǹ֯Ļϲ⣬ͼıģһṫȻָˣҴǵʵĿϢ飡
ʱȻ˵
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ͺ鷳ˡϸТҲü״
ˣһȺ˵Ūˡ
ͷԨӢǹ˽ԭУΪĻǰǣǲԼʧȥȨλεŭǣΪıĳɷ֣ΪĻǣЩľ͸˵
ԴǿֻԨӢȷʵע⵽֯ɳµ֮ȫǺҹѡ
˵ùֲɵӣƾʲôһ·ϳãƫƫȥľ㼪ʤңһԶǹأ
ȻΪ˼ܰʵ°
رͨΧ֮󣬽˹Ҳǳʶҵʱܹ˰齨ӡܵ˲ĵҪ£һжš
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ԨӢˣЩάԹŹ¡ġʿԨԴǿһͬѳΧ֣ҲиŵС
˼ȥϸТ･һļƻ޿κ״̾û뵽ұĽ꣬仯ôȻˣʲôأ
ϸһ⣬ʱҲôäĿ֯ҡһΪЩᣬʵڱǸԨӢ̬ʩһʱ䣬ûоҲûһԶô˵ֻ̡
ðɡԥ֮ϸТǿ˵ͷСλ˵ģ׼֯ɽǹȻʲô춯㡭Ȼⲻ˽֮ⷪҪίһʱ䡭յĿģΪĻƣˡ
˸ţԨӢ¶ɫƬ֮ҧصͷһΪͲޣҪһЩĻ£ҲǲѶΪ֮޳ϸ顣
ûûû̫ӹͷ˷ܵȻǽʵǣͻţ˻ҵȵΪ
ҲΪ˵µģҶԴҲġԨӢ侲ֻϣܼ⡣
Ҳ»иַ飬ǸλӦΪԼеҫϸТڳĻ޽̬Ȱ˵һգҵȵΪᱻΪĹıʣд޸裬Ҳ˵
֮䣬⶯Գ³֮ʹ졣
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˵λĹģ֪ԷЩ¡мģ
ˣǰ᪵ģǼʶһЩ漸ɼٲýȷʵѪɺӡƽּҵķߣûаͷ߸ҳײˣкܶ໳ѪΪֵõǡ
ڣӦúʹƽּҰɡ
ǵģк޵ĺȥˣ˸ǳҰģ˵ֶαȽϻᣬһںڵĴʦǰæҲֳģʲôġ
˵εʱ򣬵һ񣬲òС֮ں֧ԮѸٱˡĳЩӣεˡ
Ҿ˵ˣһжʵ⣬ճԿƨѵֵǴҵĳ˼𣿡
ȿȡ

λϸ¸ոȥһҪȻǳսڵȡëʧϲñУô
ǧ֮Ĺж˼أɣ˵ڽɽ˭Ũаϧôͳ˲
ҲôÿÿֵһĴţǣڴԼʮ֮ǰɼһڱŨս
ǲǻڴе
ȷʵȷʵֵһ
ϽϽƿƣ

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һЩǳԲУ֪Ϊʲôԭ򣬽ݡݡĳ輿Сֳ֮øˡȻ˶֪һһСɮĸΪټɵĹٷָʾ
ܺ߹Ȼֵͬ飬еܺȴҥ£ˣ˵˯ŮǮ˰¡ʲôģȡˡ
ôӵıȻôǼۣ̬ҲȻãݵ⣬ǲܲ˵ġ
ϵرĿ̺ߣеԭڹ粻ʲô̸ˣһ⾩ٹڻҪܵոȾЩпգ¥ţƤ
˵ꡰ߾үŮëҼ￤ɽӶרŸСϴǸҪұķС᪸֯ǵڶ֮ſڿųǹվڡ
֮ҽǲű߼ʡ
ߵطǵľԵҲǺܸߡ
ĵûʱȻһż嵶ʿүɫ͵Ŷ룬ƿ͵̾Ȼֹ׷רעڱе֮ſϵڵϢ
Щʿڵشš߲ơϢһ仰˵ֻޱ价ӣȻվȴͷͷĿ
ǲϵмƵģʵѱϣ˲еĽգҶſɷ֮֡
ԭŲ豭ϢĵѸһϸܳ߾ȫȥͷ͵˼ҿµĸ߶ȥСЦλү죬ĻĹ˰ɣôпСҪҪ͸ĸ㣿Դǿǲ١ڶλʦǿһֱ޲ڣԸÿҪιȥء
ȴ΢ûսսӭӣԼᵽԼҵµйϵ˵ʵҲôѰ²ʿ̬ôͣƣһ²һ°ˡ
ȴ룬ǴӵʿȻһûκζǵϸǵһûȥӣֻ´һһû֪ǵͺãĻҪ⸽£᲻ʲôòҪ֣ʵţڷ򣬱ͬһĻûѣ
˻һǵĿɿڴһϸڵһ죬Ҳ˲ϼˡ
ʮɱѪɺӣٹ治ɱߣĻ߲˲ΪټڵĴɽ֮һһֱû⡣
վڴ˶֣Żȅɽջٴһȼľˡ
һİգǿһѰıӻΪĵ̨еǡܵܳʱûǿƴƽġûдĻǼֱζžĩա

źǣݵÿǵ뷨Ҫ
ȫװʿӣֻʵʵͷŴɪɪıҲᲨԼ
̵ȻӶİԼ赶Ūǹǣ˭ҲȫŴǹʿүԿ
ɲЩŪҰ̫ҷ٣Գʿƭƭȵ˶񵳣ʵʵĻ챾
Ƭֻ̣ô⣬ŲԽԽеԴһۣ;Ĺٱֵסмǧ
һȻʲô߳ȻһͲҽУһʺɫҺɽݴĴϣŵ˴Ҳҳˡ
ȥͷ಻֣ˣ
ʱʿǵҲյĹ򣬵˾ܵսľֻ꣬Ϊʲôƫƫʱ⡣
û˼ţˣ˵ҡɢεաһղͷˣں޲ñ͸ġ
Ҳ֪淢ʲô֪᲻ᱻǣȥ֪ɶʱܽ
ѹ֮£˺ܳʱ䡪ֻֻһС˸оֵܳһ춯
˴˵
ɱɱι˵βҵ
ʿһ
ɱβҵ
ȻһҶҵıײɱֵߺ洫Ѿߡ
βһϵûеÿ˿СͷŴ¡
漮βţβſ⣬βҪˣͲҪҰ׳ӣսս̽ˡ
ƺսʼӡԼʹҽеԽԽࡣ
Ƭ֮󣬵һҵĳɤţƺи⣺
û뵽ټɴ̽鱨٣ȻҲжһʱҲãҲʤҲӣȥ˻ȪҲ˵ǶԵԼǵˣɱྩĻˣʿ
Ȼ󣬸ĽŲĺɱˣȻʵǲҿöԼоδرǰ֧࣬ȴԱǰ֧ǿ
һſµβ˺Ȼϲص֪βŹĺܣˣ


ڶ ƻ仯
ôأԨӢңϵǰİ׷·һ˲ɢΧ˼
ôأҧгݣһɵı飬ŵ˫ֱð֪뿳˭
ԭ뷨ǳöԷûн䱸֮ʱɱβż鳼еļͷĿֲȻҵˣ˼ҡ͡ȫشĻ壬ٽܸ·һͼ񣬲ҷ
õ֪ʤľ㼪Ҫͬһ£һЩԨӢ˱㰵شŽһпŽ֯ˣͼٴ¡
жǳ˳ɱǼβŶӡ
ǣﲢûп
˵ӰȫȻ
ΧȻһ˲ðʿϱ۲ɫĴӣһıѾõģԨӢ˷
ͷǸڼʿףԾġƿɡһѾս֮Уž棬֤ԼȷԵƺš
ɷ˼ɤӣзʿǾɪɪսˡ
Щڲϵһ׽ҳһǴʬɽѪİս䣬ʱ֪ǸóĽҪͷǣʿ亷ηҳ档
ַβҵĲۿɼٶȽڽڰˣҪǽֵ̫խСûܣѾɢ
Σʱ̣ҶмѪڵĸ߲Ļͦںţηʤս
βҲվһһĻӭ
Ȼб㱻ëֱһף˵磬Ѫ粻ֹһؿֱ룬
һľԭţû֣ͷʮǹһңԲס˵ڵأٱݺһţʡ¡
žͿʼеµСˡ
ʤǴһƣ뽵ģҲɱ
խСĽֵϣ˲ʬҰѪɺӡɢųʪѪζ봹ߵİҽӳȤ
ӵĹ֯ͼ桱ж쵼ߣͲൽ˹ɼ۹˵ĳ̶ȣս׻Ǵи
ݳԨӢһӿĽɫ㣬վǽһǣˮѪˮӳۣ·ɵһ㣬մɴ۾ŵܼȫҪȡĵˣ⾰ԵÿС
ӣʿǷЩɣ֪òǰͷ­ˡ
ʤں滽ڣżҴҸζؽԨӢ´һȻ뵽ʲôǰһߵʵϸТأϸТǼһ
ԨӢ⣬δţƾȭż·ܲʹࡣ
иȤζʿǹ˫֮һ£һҽгڣίŭֱؿߵʿȻսܣɱұǣΪҪ裡Ӵˡβˣһضۣ
ʤҺòƣͿĨٴѯʣϸТ
ϸТԨӢ⣬һãȻҡҡͷһʼһ𣬺桭治ǵˣɢˣιιٴ˰ѽĺۣүҶһɶİҪطҲаɱҰɣ
ʿǻµĺ֣ʤѾüؽ߿
Ȼ󣬴һŴȻ߳ˣǰ
ˣȵǹʵ
ҿɡָ׵ľ㼪
ʤҵͷҡҡͷ󲿷ӦöˣֻϸТܸое⡣
ľ㼪Ǿ֤ҵĲ룬һпܲĲңΪʲôĻЧֻΪ˹⵷ҡ˵Ķӣںڽǧݾʿѧɣǿƽ̲ĵ̡
ǹЦģǿɲһߥޣͱǲòǰˣʵĿǰǹˮ֮ʱ
ʤҳĬһҵ˵Ҫǰ𣿾Ͳ跨һ㡭
롣ľ㼪ܺؾֱ˲Ļ˾ͷҲ᲻֪£һ֪ˣһѸپǾһЩεֶΣֻǽģܰѱѺ档
˵öԡʤɫ仯Ҳܺؽľµ˵̾ԭ׼֯ǧӣڶֻһˣܲסºѽˡ
ǰβšơҲûһ¡ǹҡͷºٹͨóȻţҪ໨˼ȡй֧ܵ֡ǲԡ
֮⻹Ǯ⡣ľ㼪ͷԼĽţδ˵һǧûˣʣһҡĻҲ£ȷʵ׼һ㶼֣ǡ
˵ľ㼪Ȼ̧ͷ֮ϳֳɵļᶨ飬΢Цһһ˵βһ·ˣ·ϲ֪ټ裬ʲôأôЩ꣬˴ûɹնµģһǷ֯ﵯĪʲôǳƽ֮֡ǰǻ֮һֵһᣡ
˵ûӣڵиʤˬʴЦ§ľ㼪ļֵܣǰһЦ۸㣬Ϲ۰ԺôȨ޶ұľǸҲûϵ
ʲôľǸľ㼪һ㶣ںЦЦˣһֱûзϹ
ǽһǧǰһ׮ݻ˵ǵʱԹسˣǹʶʼգ˵˵ֺȻͣ£ҡҡͷԳ˽Ҫͷ˵ЩɵʲôҪ
ʤЦȻһ֧첲ǹĲҲ§еǰᾩһ秵Ķˣ쿴ͺ˳ۣһ㶼ᰡͷ
һʤҲŷſˣɫ˵ǾͲˣϽ°ɣ֮ǰĻһӦģڻϺ̸أŵҵˣκȥŵģ
úãľ㼪ս˫ȭ˷ܵһҪչƣȻغ˵ؾȳ֯ﵯءֺ֪ܽţûʲôˣҽ黹ҪסԱ
ͬ⡣ǹƽּҵĺмӣҪ˿סҪʱľµĵܵܣڵǼҲʮֿɡϸТˡҸǺ죬˽ճ٣һᾡҵ
ǾͰˣʤҵͷȻµʿǣȻЩȨ̫óͲ˵ˡҽＸ񣬾ǾճǿսҪǹ£Ǿ˵һͺã
˵˶һۣһ֯ﵯһ˳ãҵˣһͷأΪһ


 ϸТѡ
һ£Ϊ֪Ļ˵ϸТǺע˷ǣʱ̱ŷ棬ĶţȺ飬Ͱ׵̬
ֻмżҳڳżҲŷңޱ߷
˿̾˲ûɵķֿذϣ˫Ŀ컨壬һ֦߶߶֪Щʲô
˴¸սѾһξˣѪѾȫŲҲֳһƬаա
Ϊϸ״ͷмԡʿȴһ͵ǣȥʱȫס
ⲽ죬ϸТҲ̲סü
ûֹмȿѯʣǾôԨˡˣľ˵ú޼ֵǡҪΪǸеֵ
ϸТ⻰üû̽˲ľ¡ǰ˵ĲãǺҪģ˵мֵġǻиҪֻ뿪
顭ѵǰԤϵˡмԸеɻΪΪͷҳûţҲ̫Լڸʲô
ǡϸТֱӣ̾ǰӦüǵãԨżһңҾ;ãһƺпɵˣͨһЩֶλȷˡѾڱɵĻˡܴҲľǵĲãѾ㹻ˡʱ֮һͽȻֻȡȴĻΣûκΰ
ԭˣмȻһŵòᣬĬƬ̲ŵû뵽ЩβˣھӪ̶ȣһξۻᵱоʹڶĿڣԨＸλǶѾ˲⣬ʣǻܡ
ʵ˵ǡǰ֯һɵĹϵͦõ𣬻ǹԼ˶Ů׼ҵģһӱĻȮˡϳһʱӦ
ȻмҲɵӣ⻰϶˵ڵģֻĸһѡ
ǹ¾սİɣϸТο٣һβ˰ǣ
Ϻƽ̲𣿡м֪ˡ
ǧǰȪǧݾʿѧϰмҳġ
мΪͷܽӴĻԼ֪ǧҪʵΪһʹߺʣƽ̲Ч֮⡣
˵˱ľµЮ֣뱻ƽ̲ӵã֮ʲôϸңȻֻ֧ȴҲǶΪĻЧҵŹ֮ѵվҪˣ
⻰мֻڶһ룬ֲ͸¶
Ϊһ״ҳһ壬˥빲ȻĲͬҲҪһж޺ء
ϸТֻǹ΢΢һЦʾһоڲС
ȻĲֿĳн΢춯
ҳסϸТȴ͵һվƽ·ϸ壬ȥղմȾĻҳ»ָճģɤӣǱԿڵǷ𣿱һֱڴ˹򡣡
Ҳ֪ڸ˭к
Ȼ󣬷ֿһǽ֨֨ѽѽرǾһαװš
߽һƽƽ棬޳ĺӡ
ƤЦⲻЦغٺ£ȿ޻ӻƽ̲˷ԸһҪʺ򣬴ϸˡ
ܳϸТһ䣬漴ֽܵڳļλֵĸҳλмԣȻ弪š
һһᡣ
ĺҲżӣȴûͨĴ㡣
ݼ
˼򵥵໥
ڳеѾµǰˣӦþǴ˵Ϊƽ̲ܲӵͷӷ㰲
ѣϸТ̲סʣ֪ҵĻ̲ǰ˼кηԸһ߾ȫִ
㰲ɫҡҡͷ̾Ȫ˼ǱѾյˡϧǣʹδ̣Ѿ䣬̲˵ˡ
ǡϸТһҧ촽ʲô߼˵̲ӦԤȰźõļƻɡ
΢΢Щ
Ϊԭƻȥִòġ㰲ޱصͷ˵ϸԸæٺòˣϣһȥˡȻƽּѾǼĿйٽӴǼӵģܳ˵ǵĳɹʾ͸ˡ
ˡ岻ݴ֮¡ϸТûĿ˭һڱӦ漴ü׶ȥͼ˵ˣе˰ɣһͶ޷˳ͨĻ
Ҳû취ġ㰲Щ²ԸҼ棬֮ǰֻǳŵ˵һб䣬ȿƽּҿ£ѡҲֻܵȵȷʵ֮ȥˡ
ʼջǡϸТüͷú
״㰲ЦЦ˵ùˣʵ̲ΪԤ£ѾǰһǱھԱ˵ݣҲǰȥʱŵһ֪ġҪж߽ǣҺҪȥģֻǴҪ¡
ԭˣҪ𡭡ϸТ˿ָеЩʧ䡣
㰲Էֲ䵽ϸˣ赣ġʱϢʱǰ׼Ԩ˲ľµ˵Ĳãʹ¶ƾ飬̲һסμЭ֮飡
ףסϸТƽĵ̬ǿЦֻ̲˵ķԸɣҶ˼ҵľκ๡
ѽαô㰲һͼǿڵʵкüھжִвֻͬһҪս˶ڲЭִдҪĹȻ˵ǴҪģֻҪγɺĻܳǣƵзľΪյʤṩ
ȫ⡣ϸТδ˰Ѿ㰲鱨ķ棬ġ
ղ˵Ļ󲿷ģֻйؼǼٵģֻȫģ©ʲôرҪ
ô֮ûȫΡ
˹ؼʱ̣ȻΣϸТеЩΣա
Ȼ˵ԭǿģϾҵĽѳ֮󣬲ʱҪ룬ڵòҲ
Ѷ͹ȥôأϣΪȨƵλٻ󣬲ϧˣɴȱ˶Ȣˡ
λ˼أϸТҲáƽ̲Ҳһ
⡣
⡣ﻹǺܲܡ
ϸТе΢΢и̣Լ޷ȫȫƽЧҡ
˵ụ̂ҲһƽȫȫЧҡ
Ϊ׳Ԩʿ¾ɣƽּһ̳־ӽȫĻ˵ģ㰲仰˽β
Ȼϵı鲢Ǻܺʡû취⽻ȱ츳Ҳࡣ
¾̳־ϸТһʹȻظϡΪһרҵʿݼɾͱȷ㰲ǿˡ
ļҳɫΣһԣǱƤ֮кסˡ


 
ϸТԼ䲿𱻷㰲ţȻش˰źСҪȥһЩҪĹ
·΢Щһֱ˼ţƽ̲˾˭ȥɡҪĹ
𰸾Լ߲ٲľ֮ڡ鵱Ȼ󣬵Ǹ鱨ľӢߣҲһ˿зһЩġ
ϧϸТǡ鱨ľӢߡ
Ҳûˡ

Ȼˣҽһ¡˫ĿźǷĴʿ⿪˿ڣܵŮ̲˵İţաұǳʵԹͨͬ飬ǹȪˣŻʧ䡣ҡ̲ûаʽҲûȤһλҪңͨɡ
ٳϵӦ֪һ㡣ٷӦһ¡һòڳȴĪ΢΢һЦûҲû԰´ѾͬҺˣȻȻʹңϾΪ˶Ů
šʵҾòҪ̲һҪ˹ҺεͷƤ˵óѱһֱھǹҵǱĹ¶Ըе벻Ҫ⣬ҲΪʲô̲˱ܡ
ݵĳĬ۲֮յŮǰһ˫ֱأüȻ֮ǰ˽ǵݣЩȣҼǵãƽ̲Ӧھֶӵġ
СʣȻӦúĵ𡣡ٳϹ΢Цƽ̲ϣ֪̫࣬ʵҴࡢһΪν뵱ƽˡɣ⵽˴Сǰ˵Ǵɷ羰
ĻϷҲһϢˡ˹һЦ·ĻƽɽǼλŮʿڻģȴһСķչ̫ã̫󣬵ֻǱóϧ
ͬŮûие·ս˫ȭ˷ܵ˼˼ڵĹǰ˼̫ˣιι飬ıһҲȰѵ֪ˣΪʲô
۵ûְȥķ㰲֪ʱȻٴγ֣һȷʵ̲˵⣬ֻҪһйԭ£Ҳֻ֪ǵݶûȨһ£̲ǰɳġжӡһ飬ʮ飡֣Ǻúһɣ
һ𾪵ϸТֻǱ˳·һͷֹġ
ϸТ൱ãֻƬоʶԼ֪˲˵ĶһЩ־壬һָеҡ
·ϵʱ򣬷㰲Ҳ͸¶һ޵Ϣ
ۺ⼸ƽ̲˾ʽھǱߡЩǱ߸ƽʱִֻмûо巽ǵǱֻΪ˵ȴгһ𵽹ؼá
лж˷⣬Ͷʧܣǿ֪ġ
㰲˵ǡʮ顱ֻ顣
ôʵʻ᲻᲻ֹʮ飿е㰲֪
ǰԤϵжңôɵòʧֻΪӳˡ
ʵϣƽ֚㱾ǳڶԡʷԡĵǣΪ֮䡱ŰЩķҵĶԲߡ
Ԥ֮ĵطˡ

վ࣬ȻλҲҪӦúúýƲŶԣ˵ǶԷõҲܲ㹻ԣ㡭
㰲˵˼ƻ
ȻϸТľͰжϣν̲˵δǸԡ
Ϊ㰲ٴεĽˣ֪һʵˮƽ
ȻϸТ϶ı
ɫ죬еĵе˷ܣеĲΪеĻ˼
ֻѱ˫ֲͷŷ㰲Ȼ¶̬ȣȻƾʲô㷢ʩأȻǾúܺ棬Ը룬Ҳκ˵£Ǹ̲ˣҿļƻҲô£Ȥ
ੲһ˵ûûˡ
ٳ˹鶼Ŀɿڴˣǰ˱˷ˣҲ˲ϼװȻҲǱȽΪ죬ηˡҲڵﲻõ˱·ոС˻Ǳոһ
Ϊǡķ㰲һʱҲסˡ
Ҫô˵ϳȥںˡ
ǰ⼸ˣ̲ȷ˵ˡǱ߹⣬ֻ֪ͨжˣָʹ
ǣִȫ˼ķ㰲Ӷʱ̡
ҺʱǸʮɢûлӵ˴գ¾͹ԺΣ
˵Ҳɣԭŵضգֻ˵죬ͷС֪˰顣
źǲԼı֣ĹĵرزԴغһ£С󱿵ԺҲβ
糺һƬı飬ȴ֪Ϊζˡ
˹״棺ǿ֮£ʵǰٷ֮ٷɷŵĴͳɣŮӣȴϲ䡭Ҵ۽
ٳҡͷ̾ϢСǰҶҲȻʧɫϧ˼Ҳ֪һǸ顯жµġ
˵ҪҰ顣ɢӷŶҡͷ̲ôҲˣҳƺĻ˻һһЩ˴˶ڵⴺǻģġ
ձҪڰעȻԸ˳صͷһԲ
һС⣬λҪӴ~˵ǡԹͨĳʵ¶˵΢ЦԲ
ǰǼעıǮЦһһģĿ
ٳϼ״۶ֱˣʶҪߣֻǺȻ뵽ʲôͣסʵ˵Ĺϵأֻ᲻ᱻ
ٴˣǲܸĽֹޣʵһֻ۾Դʳָͱߡ
˺֮鷳Ǻ֮ͺܼ򵥡˹Ǹ˵ǡ󡱵Ӻ侲˵Ψһһ̨ʡ
ôѸٿʼ㰲Ȼһı飬˿ͬʱеƣ
ⶼûʽʼжѾ˾߰ˣһȺ֮ͽҲ֪ǲ汾£̲ܲ˵أ
оȫףȴ޿κΡ
˲һһʧֻʣϸТ̣ǲҲץʱأ
µĻ˶ԼͿӣ㰲һһ״̬񣬵˵ͷһԲ˿ʼж


 ް
Ԫ꣨1573꣩³ģעǸֵǵӡ
һźæ֮󣬡ܡٴλ㼯
ΧɨˣΪģٲӦöǵգֻжˡʤұ˵ߴҲͦòֱ̫ˡɼҲվƥˡ
Ҳ׼ò࣬ʱԶ֡ľ㼪ҧһݣĿڸĳƶ˵治٣֯ﵯߵĿҲܾһʧܵĻ׼ͺˡ
ʧ˴һɣʤҵǿúܿں˵ػţԸһѴģǼһƨʵ̫ܲ˵ǼһﵹҲˡ
ʵݵûǹЦżһЩͷͳ嶯ľֹ˻ɣǿʵС
ˣߡȻԶԶ֯ﵯľ㼪ҡͷֻǹ̫˳ͷ˻ľ衣Ȳ̸˵ʲôӦ𣿡
ԣصɡǹЦݣüһֱСļӣղƽּҵĺȻҪĻ⣬ľµĵܵҲ뿪һ˳ңΪ׾յȺɮҲ춯ҹһһס϶ϲ̫á
ǴǵļƻòҪκ˿¡ʤӹͷ¶ģ͵ŰˣΪӣסˣһӲֻͷĲ¿϶㹻
Ű̫ˣǹ෴²Ҫĵط
סƽֻеĲ£ҲкܴգʤҼּ
һ£ٰɣľ㼪Сҧ˿ŵĵݣüλ˵ĶеҲû취ģֻܹԨӢǺȻȫǵİš
ðɣʤòһɳļҳÿˣűľģӦסжɹ
ˣǾȳ֯ﵯס֮󣬻оռǡǹѵ
һʵµģһҳ϶Ҳ߲ȥľ㼪οҪǸˣǰ¡
İɡʤظҾԲƽ֡еµģ
ҲǲֻǡǹȻʮǣҵģǻ˱İţߣû֣
˺ˣˣľ㼪ƶ˵ʲôطȫ¶ſĵطסһ֧ӿǺѵģҲϸöˣǰͲú֣һֱɫǱʲô񶼲һ˿˷֣
ûӽúܶԣҲô˵
ȷдҶˡ˭ôȼ֮Ҳ޻˵ˡ
ڲˡ
λˡľ㼪ȻЦһ£ҶΪ֯ҵġ̸ǳƻˣʵһЩ˽һҲûл¹ġ

λӿŲޱȹؼʱ̣ҵȽҪյıˣ
ﳤļ٣ϴߴߵ
ʿǵٶѾܿˡ
ѮѾȫװڽֵоǺܲףҪߵø죬ʵе֡
Ǻﳤһ˽ͷڻ֮˳ʿǰ棬ҲͲ˼Թˡ
ôƽ֚챾ľӢսԶ൱ɹۡ
˵ﳤһյѾţ˵ľ¡ǵ˵ľֹʧɫ𼱻ǵ̶ĻҪµţٳ
ξ򣬵Ȼ֪ԡ
ͷûиߵ취ĳ̶ȡ
ֻӲͷƤ߽еˣԿܲá
һų֯ųЮѣȻ᪸ǵ֯ӦĻƽּҵĵλɾ൱ˡ
볢ֹ
ﳤ״ʿãһ·򱱣ۿĿѾ̫ԶȻ˶ס
ռݽֵԴΪ׵Ľǡëֱ֮ĻҪڰ죬ʱκ˽ӽ£
ֺﳤױ֪·ǲʤҵĲ£ɳġ
ȴ˿ûκΰ취
ǿгȥȻ̫ʵԼ߹ȻƽּҵľʿԷῴȥҲǲҵѪɵСĽֵһȻǼսʤΣ϶桰¡ˡ
·ҲܡԷ㣬ֲɵӣҲҲֻҪŰʮסȥ·ɡҶ·ûзּ٣ƾʲôƿ
Ҳ˵֪Ͳ·Ļ·ͻȻüɳ̽·ֻͷжݴôصס
Ǻﳤֻʹ˼
޷ԷжǾж˿ʵܻкܶ鷳
ʱֻܼϣƽ̲аţˡ

ͬҲľ㳤ϡ
ͬյͬŵıţȻһٰʮˣװһ̶֧ӣͻΪӽ¡
ͬҵԭŵס
ﳤ״ȫװĻԶʿһǿͻƵ˼ľ㳤ߴ붼רҵսԱ޷ġ
˳׾û뷨ֻӡ
״ľ㳤˿еһԼҲ벻ȻԲƽ̲֪֮ڲֵ֮䵶ˡ
Ҫֹһ㣬ΪʲôƽּҲֻʧȥһЩѣ̸ʲôʧΣա

εĵܵؾء
ͬǱʤҵ֮ü֣һ㶼żֻǵֹͣԭش
Ϊؾ֪Լߵʮˣȫǵͼ۹Ӷӻκָ
µ֣ͰǱؽȥˡ
ؾֻޱȵļû뵽ϣȻҲп°ȨĻᡣȻῴȥʮƮ죬ʵ֣һ˿ãϣΪ֮ˡ
жˣһӣȡ׶֮ضңɼأ


 Ȯ
¶ϽǵСţŲʤҵĵֻʣ¶ʮ˰أߵѾһξ룬Լо
ܡжŻķѾãͨУ־Ѻ֯ųڵؽԶӦòǷص㣬΢˷
Ͼ»ǺܴģҪһ˲ſԳΧµˮйͨĳ̶ȡ
ֻǧ˵Ļͱ׽Сˡ
һߵʿǲ֪֣Ǹ˫ĿֻܼΪԶ󲿶Ӷֲ̿
Ϊͷ˵صҰ̫ɸеô̤ʵƺԼԤϻвõ鷢˵Ϊʲô
ʱǽ澯ſŸʱ״ˡ
ۣ󹷣˵Ĵ󹷣
ֹǴ󣬻˵һȮȮɣ
ѵ칷һġ

ֽǸķԭܵˡĻӻرܡвּ˴Ѫ¼Ӧŵöڼﲻ׳ˡ
ǺȻܳɷʿȣΨһ˸µĶ
ƺкüס̵˶˳ŮеĴװе¶ű۰򣬹ͬȫŵòᡣ
ðԽԽơ
Ȯ͡칷֮˵Ұ̫ᵽɤۣвֵ뷨ܲȲԤЧ˰ɣ
ΪͷСǸ٣Ҫе㵣ǡ
ǿѹеĲֹסЩӳ񣺡ڣʲôҲ£ڸңʲôٸҵһɴ
Ұ̫ɵĴ棬΢һ
ȿֺܹڵĿź
££ҼԺ֣
Ǵ󹷣ϻĹ߻Ѫ
ѽˣ

Ұ̫ķң嵶ݺݿջһŭһһͬⲻ˵Դ
ʮڰ
ʱԶķܳ󺰴лŲ·Ů١
Ұ̫ɴͷۣ֪Ǻá
ĵܵѩɣĸͷ˿̲Цһ£мʲô칷Ȯҿ˽°ɣȻ˶˵ˣԸѪɺҲκοʿӽɱȺĵ񡭡
˵ţҰѩѾĿľŵȥ
ΪͷҲΪҰ̫һʱԥû׵ֹܵܵıУǶּѭΪ֧֡
ܿͲԥˡ
ΪؿһϻڵѪĻɫǹһӵԺ˳ĺС
ÿһצ״Ѫӡڵϡ
ԼĿɲ·Ǹһµ˱
ⳡֻ˾ãѪ⡣
֮ģнֵϺȻỤ̃һ˲ڱ˴Ұ
ȻҶּ磬ǴʬＷģëȻҡҽѪѪ⵱Ϊ̳԰ܽͷֻޡ
ְ֣
ʦӡȮ˰ˣˣ
ܣиɮûˣ
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ߵоֹʾ׷ϣ
ɶ񣬸ͣ£
Ұѩһ͵ӿ˲ǰžմѪ̫һ䡰նɱνȮɱڵسеĴǹȥ
ǹ˿ˣֺһҲצӭȥ
ҰѩΪһþѵȫװʿ˿壬ϸһһһ޻̸֮ҥԡ
Ҫӵ֮ʱȻоӡСȵȾ㸲ǲĵطƺϸСС
Щ벢ôʹȴͶȻٶ
ҰѩΪ֮һ͡
һٷӦѾǹֱͦͦ˵ڵأȮԼֻһľˡ
̫֪Ǻʱֵģ
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ѵǸӻҽţ˵ʲôҲҪܡ
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˵˵ղȮһУѩɾȫԲֿܵһֵķûˣ
Ψһڳ˵ͷҰ̫ɣܵܵĲ״еķŭ뵣ԶԶ־壬ŭһ˫۱Ѫ죬ֱðӭȥһҪĵܱܵѩޡ
ʱѾߣ˭ûע⵽ĵطһװѵӣ͸Ұ̫ɱͶмķ϶󲱾˴
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ǵľڱ壬ʿǹʹ鵨ѵܣܶ˱ŵֱҲҪ
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ھȮӵ£ûиһܣѾԵǱΪǡʤ¾ĳƺˡ
Ͼʮ͵ľˣʵڲҪߡ
ǹҰ̫ɡѩֵܵѪ֮аȻУ֪ǾڸʲôûټϮˡ
ʿҲֻԶԶվţŵǹ֮ţǰ
ӹܾ֮ǰǲҡ
ʱ΢ЩŻ£Ҳû취ˡ


 
ϸ˼ҵѾ˽ˡȷǵʱ򡣡
˵ǸˣǴңҲǷλһﵱеĻˡ
뷢԰ףȻɽ˶ʮְѺõҰӡ
ȻᣬģСӣɫʢֱ
Żи߶ԣ͸Ųɫȴ˵٣Լò̬룬С۾֪ʲôΪҡ
ˣˡ
㰲ֻܼסͷ˵֡
ϸТʶĵȻҪЩȻǽܵĺûᡣʱ˽Ҷûôʺ顣
ܴģĻڲʣνɡ
ҵУȳ֮ʱλûκһ˲кһЩˣó졢óݡ֮䣬൱Ĺϵ
ȻЩ˺ѳΪ񹫷˵ĸ
ǻûܵʲôãȲḺҪҲᱻɵؼԵշ
ûʲôֵ·˽ɫ
Ϊʲôǻǡɡ
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ǣݡҰá󡭡Щ˾ͳˡ䡱ʱĿ͡
ڷ㰲ϸТǰľǿ͡
͡˼ǣѵҳ϶൱ޣҲľ¡û̫ϵ˭ʤ˭Ͷֻܼ޹صĿ͡
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Ȼ
ƽ֚˾֮Ϊһɲõļֵ
վǵǾ˶꣬ϰΪġǵ˴ϡµʱĻΰһ
Щ״ĻѾ빲̫ˣѾΪĻĴ󽫾Ʋɻȱһ֡
ȻҲζҪҵĺǣһЩʷƻס
ǴӸǣɣҲǵüֵڡ
ƽ֚Ԥ֮УԼûƾôֻסһ˵Ļʵȱġ
κۡЮʱ򣬿ɲֻǵѺ׵ǽеٹ٣ڻ£ƺƵһȺء
ԵԲ
⽻һҪ˳Ѿ״Ļϴǡ
˵񽻸ϸТʵġ
ڷ㰲Ҳˣǹϵһԭ

ҲģƽּһĴǡ
ϸТѾտĿڲ˽棬ҲϣȻģΪ⶯
һнеú˳
֪Щɡѵʱڲ;ͨպǻ֯ųȨŻҡ
֮£ͶһԸһĴǸѡ
ϸТ˵ͲźƵЦȴӦѯʸϸ⡣
û뵽ǡ
ҿ˵ȴǣǵȻԸƽ̲˵ȥ´壬ʿ֮Ȼʱ֮ǰеҲԱƵĽ顣ӦôõЧĻİ취ѵӦúú˼һ𣿡
ϸТЦһͣӦ˼һת¶ɵĴ̬ҡͷЦû뵽еҲƽ̲ӢͬȻҲӦûɶԷľģиߵ֣֮ǹλִıֻеƽ̲ȵġⲢе෴еҼ𾴵ʿƽ̲ɽֹԨsţһס
һоݵĴҲòͷͬȷʵˣеŨ֮Ҳƽ̲ۡȻӢƽ̲ˣҪЩ΢õĿˡеҪԶǰæĵط
˵󱨳˼Ѿˡ
֮ϸТĲЩġ
Ϊһ֪Ļ˺⽻ұǺóҸ֪⡱ģֻһʼû뵽ԷôӹֱӣȻԵѯʾ
ԭΪи׷أ
ϸТס뷨ˬһЦ˵ƽ̲˵ȻҲҪλİʵϣ˼ѾһЩİšȵȳ֮λӦΪĻһϵеͷȻҲҪȡݵİšһڣʮϵأʯõָ
ʯ˵֮󣬴΢üëÿɷ
֮ϸТףγ˸ż룬еڡ
ʱӼҲǲȡģֻԵùڼС
ϸТ΢Цɫ˼ô졣
һֱķ㰲ȻЦڵ˼Ƿɹȳˣ̸֪Щδ硣˵ε¸ǵĳŵֵ𣿿κα֤
˻һɫ䣬Ҳװƶ̬
˷׷ԲƵ۹㰲
˵ĺܶԣȺ״Ļƴ۶ʵϳ൱ޣõ֣ܲܶ治˵ȫɫ״̬
˽¶ͺκ߳ŭˡ
㰲ȫȥޱؼ˵˵֤ҵԸһ˵ǰһλĻݹءΪλûгһˡĴŮƽּҵĲңȥΪ̲һӤȡΪʦʮֽý˳һ£̲֮ǰƽּҵ˶ʢһڲʮˡ
Դ󾪣ҵܴݹأ֪Ů̷ƽ̲ˣ֪Ƿܳ裬Ӥ¡Ϊûи֪أ
㰲ٺһЦΪʦСӸճʱΪز֮ࡣҵҽѾͬһ޶ˣŵ֪ͨӵ游ݹѾյŮױţʱȥѯʡ˵Ƿܳ飬¶ŸĸҲ˼˵İɡ
ҷݵҺһӪȹ˵ļƻɣ


ڰ ɽ˼
ʲôʲôȮ߰ġҿɲʲôħ֣˳û¿ɲǺ¡ɶҵĺۣܲ
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һѪľ֮ľºҵ¼ҡ
˵Ⱦƹ˵飬ġ
ܼ򵥣Ϊ֯ﵯ鱨衰ڶսߡͶǳ޴κܱġ
ǣԭܼ˵ġʮĿꡱҡһ䣬ΪĿĺʮαװľ㼪ʿٽһټηͷҡڵھ֡
ܱߵĸ·ھӡˡɮ¡Ĵ±淢չͽܡ
Ȼ󣬾͵ҪõĹؼʱ̡
ʮĿ硱ΪһսϱȻڿɲǱԹ̫ˡ˵׼㡱ʱ
ֲǿ͹۴ڵģ㲻ԹѣҲûá־ƷôҲƾձ
ֵҲһԼԭ򡭡
ǰ治ӦĿȥҵģǸĿҲһǸˣǵģҲδһǳġ
˵νȮ飬ʮĿеˡ
ҲĿ鵥жǸ
ĿʮĿһĴڣڻΪɡǹӣҲһ¡
ԭҪȴѾλ֮һִġ
賿ȵʱƺһϤӰ
ȥǰ΢ģΪƽּЧģ㰲
˱պ쵼ڣʵˮǴߣȮ£Ҷס
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飬ʮĿо˿ٷ֮ǵзڵɡ
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ʮĿΪȥˡ
ǡۿʮ֮⣬ǹɮ᷿
ڻûȥΪ滹û׼ãһСˣԲעŪˣܽܡ
Ҫ⣬źһж
ôʮĿٵǡԼˣ˭أ
ʮĿꡱΪһʮ֣ܶһ档ʮڳԼԼĿʣһǡ
Ŀ룬⼰ʱţʲôʱǰëͺúһ£
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صǰĿ룬ڻëСɵıӡļһʮõģйΪ̰ɫµ
ϣظǰĴɡ

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ͤͤ޹ǣ촽ݣ˫ͫˮ滨꣬Ҽ
δᷢҲûͷϣֻɫĲӣЬƺѾܵˣǰĴѾϵĲͨҸԼ©һ϶
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Ҫִʹȥˡ
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˭˭ȡңСȮȮڡں桭
ˤڵϣŵźͶžĿߡ
Ůʿɣָߵɫһ벻£Ӧһλɮµ˽ͽɣĿжϣȻʱΪޣߺߣͺ¿ǻ棡ϵˡãã
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ǸȻס֣һЩҲֻǴס˵÷Ӧʱ򣬲ŷѾİ§ڻ
һߺϽԼվȴַΡΡġ
ͬʱֳɲ֪ģʹϣǰĦŵ顣
ܻӭ̬֮Ӷʱ͡
Ŀ룬ȻǴнͽŪ˽裡߷ӣǱ̣ˡ
ʵ񡭡
εε˶һ͸С
ʱĿļҲ̲סְأߵعΧۣڴֵܷһʣ˲иʲôġ
ʵ񣬺ְֺһȵȣ
Ȼƿ֮𣬼ֻ｣˷
ǽ˵ҲȻźذס


ھ ѹ
ĿϢ֮ʱҲͬʱɥȪ
ֻһûбҪ̴ٵĽͼʾ˷˴Ӻ油Ҳֻ˼Ӷѡ
֮ûüΧѾκѡ
ԼĻǷ׷˿¶οЦݡ
ǣһ׼һʱԵķȻ޴ıըŻһֻڣȴŨ̹ɳĽԴٲ֮⡣
ʶɢܣеſݴԣеԳһ֦еſڳߴʯͷ
Ƭ֮з׷߳ճһſűըķֲ²⣬˽ɲ
û˵Ȯ⣬һӱ÷ǳˡ
۵ɮ˵ӦȥסַɻµĸɮһƲС
ǱЩˣľȫãȻˡ
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ӦǻĬİսѣңǿܾͶ˭ûкôˡ
ϣѡ⻹˵ͨҪѵĻȻеǸõİ취ûҪġ
챬ը˵ͼıʲôƺȫͷ
ԭԨӢ˾ڽն֣Ҫԭǿǵٳ⣬󲿷ԺȽϰǳի̫ɮҲڹ̶ص㼯סֻҪãʺһЩºڷߵ¡
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Ϊȸں󡱵ƽһҲ⣬˳ɹСǱ룬ȡʤʵ
һ죬ҵļƻǶɡ
ǿűըĻҲϰ²֪ô졣

Ѳλɮ̸Цι淢˶顣
ʵ⽻ûн£Ҫҡġ
ߵҲǱˡٲȫ򡪡ȷȷʵʵ޽ģڹ
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رǲ˰˶ԴûôУǸϲǮ
Ϊ֪ڽЩͨȡĸְ취˸ϰٸС̣¢˾һóףǲơ
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ճߣʦܺͽЭᣬһЩĻ˰ǻ
˵˵ȥӦһЩǮһ̸ֱס
ϺбϾ̫󣬾ãӻ༥˰죬еƣ׼Ҹ档
Ŀɨߣȴмͽܺ䤱Īʮֽš
ճãȻ⣬һʱˡ
Ѳ죬ҲĿͶȻԼǰݷõĻ棬Ҳͷö̫ڵġ
ʱɳȥ̽СɳּҴһ˵ȫ˵ʲô⣬ըҩȥ˿¹ˡ
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ŷ·ԼõƵģԻһȦ
Ǽ˸Ӿִˡ
һжסɽѹʹڵڵʦˡʦˡˡһʱͿ˼ҵǮƣӦæԼɮжݲ˵ըʶԷıһ󡭡
ʲôճɫ䣬ʲôһΪѡЩǳʲôģ
ѵңҲˡ
ȻľɱΣһʱͿϾʲɵĻǺ֪˶˵ġ
ʱû䡱ķȥ룬Ϊǡɱѡ
νǧ֮áһ˲ˣϽ½ȥ
ճǾδݵĴ˵ǡ£µĹأһǴӲӲ֮ˣϾϾɮб𡭡
ѶԴҲ׼첽ߵſڣԼ
û뵽ʱѾɮ˴СŻŲ·Ӵܣһ߻ŵɱһԶܡ
˲Ȼ޴롣
ճҲ죬ȴæгһɮ˵ķţǰѯʡ
ɮȻ־嵫ҲʵܹͰͽ˵ըȻ󡭡ǡǶۼš֪֪øáȻСȻ˭ߡʯͷ֡֡
û˵꣬˼ˡ
ɮʯͷߵǱϣⷢˡȻ¶ۿ޷ɣ鵶ɱͻΧ
֮ѸȷǴɱϽԸһϡ
ճ΢侲˵ɮӦͻᵽҿʱǾ棬ʲô£ǿ޷ù˰ȫ
εĻû˵꣬ѾժԼԦľ죬Ҵܳȥˡ
ûܳٲֻӴһ˵ڵϣű˵ĽŰţס߶ϽͰȫˣѾһرĳǳˣ
ʮֿ϶飬ȫƶûа㻳ɵ˼ȴһϤɤԶԶ˵ˣֻȫĵطˣ


ʮ Ҽ׷
ˣ˽ңҪ䣬ҲǸոƸϹȼݵġһաϸТһࡢšضֲʧĵı飬ʱ׼ǫ̃ʳ˵˳
ǴҡҰӵһ״ĻһЩƽּҵ˻档
󲿷ûżףֻŵ˼򵥵شһ裬϶ͲߡȥҪȥսӡ
˵ǰӦģûзҪǹ񡣵ıը˭޷ԤϽȥᷢʲôֻܾٶȳ׼ҪĿꡣ
Ȼδ˵꣬Ȼ
ϸТƽּҹСʲôЮֽ𣿽յĻǲŪģ
ŴܹǲʤңԼʮȫڵʿǲڵϷ޴ĶԶԶϸТһҪҵöࡣ
ǰǰˣɱΣ
ǲȼݵİ
ŰǻģˡʯСԭ塣ҲѱȽ׽εˡ
ȻϸТֹѵĻвࡣ
ԣҲ˱ը춯֮󣬲ٵȣҴǰϹġ
Ǽһɤż󣬻ԶԶˣʱֽŽɵͣסŲ߿ұ߿һ룬ʶϸТķŲ˼ȴͣסԥѶ飬ƺǲ֪˭
ϣȻϸТ׽һ㣬ϸТĻ̫˵ʤԣеôµġ
ҲǲʤˣǻˡʯСԭ
Щ˻һҰ
Ҫ˵ϸТΪף˴ҡҰӵˣĻľ͸ܽˡ
ʱڽ˸еǳжϡ
ߵǸǳͷ
һԵĺŵֱ
״ҡҰӵ̲סŲʤԼܱߵǷ𷴲
˵˵Ǽβң
߲ıĻ
Ϊ߾Ȼָ޹ߣ֪ܣ
̶ִƣڶһ洦ҲûУֻӻɺԥѡ
ʤҹЦֵƽ̲ҲβˣǾô𣿡
˲ƽ̲ʮֽƻҰľ޴һýƱңҺҼرĵջ빫
⻰νۣ֮ҡҰӵһƿԡ
ѵɫӸˡ
㰲ú罬ȴ֪λӦֻס޺޵سŶԷȥ
ؼʱ̣ۿʤҼҴ˹ΨϸТһŶԷӦѾ֯ﵯȳˣ𣿡

أʤһͣͣƬ̣ʲôû˵ĬؼŲԸٶȳ
Ǳտڲ
æϣ˵ʲôҲŲ֪
Ȼʯȴʵˣһӱסеףô֪ģ

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ʱ˶Եη֮ԴԴϵӿˡ
ϸТҲȲͣʾҰѼڱ񱼣һ߿һ߽˵˵ҲѾռˣھȫǱʱ뿪ûʱˡ
ϸТǰϴһϰʮǿ׳ԶԶʤһˡϵʮݣ
һܡ
ʣЩĻ״㰲µߣߵҲûб⣬ʶžܡ
֮У˭˲Ȩˡ
ʤҼƲû˿ԥʿͷ׷
żһ·ܹѾۣҪ׷û׵ܣʵеѡ
ۿŲʮ룬ƺǺ׷õ
ʤվʹˣûʱ̲סͣȡʿĹҪƶİӲ׼˿ա
̲ס޺޵شһСܣҡͷżҳԸǲˣǲϧһҲҪ׷оͰ¼ѵ
˿̣һɮϵΪǸߺţ²еˣλҪ꼰޹ɮڣ
״̬޲
ֻϺз·ǣϽɮ
¼ɮȻǱͷҴܣжء
ߡʿеܣе׷漫ȵĻҡ
ʤֻϢƬ̣Ӳͦǰ׷һ󣬿Լʿֻ׷ϼͬȫеѡЩ״Ļ㰲Ͻ߶ӵˡ
ڱѵϸТȫӰ
Ͳһ㣡̫ϧˣֻһ㣡ʤضŽ˼£һйվһƨϣֱðͨ죬
뵽ղŵ£԰ﵹæʯҧ޲ŷһ١ڴֻǱס
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ϧľ㼪֮̾Ϣ˼£˲ָҡҡͷҪģҪĿ꣬Ѿ˳ˣûйڣ֣֯ȻԿƾܵȺۣƽ̲ƣҲδ֯ﵯĶ֣
ԣԣʤ⻰΢ָһʿֵͷҪִ֣˼ڣȨһģֻ¼ɡƶԵ飬ٲҲˡ
УܲܽһЩս׷һ׷ľ㼪䵽Ӧ֪Ǵֵܵȥģ
ǵģҵ˻׷Ҳǰƥģʤвҧҧ촽òҪָ̫һƷλã˼ҿ϶ҲкʵĽӦġ
һľ㼪־Ȼκʧ֮ɫҹ˵ر󣬷·ҪΧִ֮Ͳˣ˵ǰ淢Щ飬¶ڸǵҰɣҺ񻹲ֹƽ̲һҡ£ǲȻȳ𣿡
ٲĽʤһڣеƣ֮⽥ϸֻϽ˯һ侫
ľ㼪һߴ˵šûʲôҪģϾָܻ־֡һ߿ڲʤҶ˵һ仰
һӾ֮˲ʧ
ԭǣʵӪȹУв֪Ǳ߷Ϯ˼ұ˺Ͳ̫УڸǺΣˡҪס
ʤһ˺ôľſסԼı飬û¶ڡ
ͬʱѾ˱ߡ


ʮһ ҩ
ϸТ𽫾ˣʱԹһֱ߿񱼣ܵ˽ӽ䣬ͣϢ
ʹһĻҰӣΪسģǼǿ֣Ҫܲ˵ļޣſڵϽп
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ȻҲ˲ٺҲ͸ˣǶƣ֮ɫ˿û˥ߣ͹ȵļ
⵱ȻԴڳӲϵϸ
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ȻޣôҲ϶ﲻǿ鹫Եĳ̶ȣսȪŸ١ڣԭͨǿ϶֮
ϸТһԼرݵˡ
ڶԱ˺ݲݡ
Ǹֵ˼ĺ⡣
ˣһհ
̲סĸп
һϸТ֣ͨԴƺΪԵ׽
·ǽ˻һɻ󣬷Ҫϳȥġ
ھ֮Уλãۿҵ֪ʲôϮ˼ΣųžĲ
ͬǰСʱҵһ
һοɱһΣ̫ˣĿŵذ˵ĽģͬʱġԮСӡƺᣬһǻѪһ⣬װղ롣
ղľ¡ǱϾңһʼѵɣƽ̲ṩԴ
һ
ҵ̬Ҳȫˡ
ֻϸТȻѣ·֡
νȻп̱ѶСǼһ棬վǸиˣ˿ܲ棬мأ
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ٲȻѾΪѶߡ
ѵԼ״ĻǣԴ˲޲ס
㰲Լее㲻ǵΪأˡ
иѿһ䣺ǡƥأ
⻰ϸТȴֱӻشˡ
ʱӹͷΨһѡ񣬾ʱľڸѺõĴ֮Ȼʿַҵؾ˿ѡȥһɫҲݷƽ̲ˣߣѰεİ֪ˣôǵأ
˵λá
һ˼ԥؾѾھȥƽּġƽ̲Ҳʵˣ
ҹ¶ɻ״ǡ֮ңԴڲľ¡ǵӵ֯ﵯƽ̲֯ﵯľɳ÷򡭡
ѲҵһЦΪˣƽ̲ԲԸٴξµġһһǿóȻҴ˲ľһλһΣ
ϸТϵر̬ǵȻŹˣ
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ȻܶΪϸТŵġ
˽ԾϲҪ룬㰲վɻסĿʾһȽȥ
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ͬһʱ䣬ܵľʯͷСͷݺһƬ乭ವ
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ҺϸТʮ侲ƣס㰲֣һȱ𶯡Ȼ͵ǿֻвʮѣǾǵģҲ˵ƥڣǳȥɣ
һ˰һ
Ȼ崦֮أÿȴ˶ѣǹһ֣û˵κˣͶ˺
Ȼƴһˣûٴ֮ʿԸʮֻû⡣
ϸТԼֻŲ£һӵȥʣµ˱ȻǷ׷׸ϡ
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ǽ²Ҵһ֮ȴǰûӳȥԱڵأ󲿷ֶ
ϸТϽƥ㰲Ǵʷ²
ȻҵĻ֮̿òã˾Ȼʸˡ
˴ʧɫϽִչһȴЦԷǡ
ԭֻСмͷңѪҲûеΣĳ̶ȣѾֹסˣֻǼûаε
ǽˣȴȫ̱ɫҰף㱣˵˭Ҳڣ·Ѿ֮ʣü;ˮˡ
Ȼֻ˵˵öء
Ļϸһ£񽫾ⱲӿʮǰûܹȡָײļƤصˣ
컹ͷһΣ
ͷһξжȵĴˣе㷴ӦҲΪ档
ϸТڲʺߣɫ꣬ϢһϺˡ
֮Ҳֻν
ԭرԹ̾㷢һ飬վ۵òᣬת˲ȫҵط˯ȥˡ
㰲ȴתתڴ󲿷ɢȥλϢ֮òߵϸТߣӻͳһ״ֵĽߡ
ǽһССĶȴжһĹӣ˱ġ
ŷ㰲óһֵָģֲʵһĶ
Ȼصؿ˵ҴõҩʺϹˡҩﲻֱӳҲģõʹð취ȼȻ


ʮ ȥΪ
ȻĿǰвȷǷΣգϾ˶죬ľƣͷöҸݴʯſžܽ硣
һӣ˲ˡ
ȻҲò㹻ҹֻ֣ǹиʽ޷ҪЩȫע־䡣
ǽߵǴųصļУȫߣԼĻ״ҳǡǵȫ׼ˣһͦס硣
ȫû᲻˳ҹ顣
ҼȻһѣ϶һϵˡ
ֻз㰲ϸТ˼ѡ
ǰóһֵĹߺҩƿý˻ָ񣬺ȻʶжȻв֮һʱľԥ
㰲û̫࣬ԷƧ͵ʳ̲ݵĹߣϸൽһߣӦûῴܶʹõģΪ档̲ʲôţЩһ̲ݣҵ˵رٵʱ΢һ㣬ܰٱʺϹڵˡϧҩֲ
⻰ϸТüСʵȻǴҩ᲻ʲôԣΣأ
Ȼ㰲ҡͷƽ̲˽ⶫֻ˾һֱãʱ䳤֮󣬲ŻЩ󻼶ѡ
ʵƽ֚㻹һ仰ǡᵼ񫡱㰲ˡ
ϸТȴƺ֮ʵ̲𣿡
ǵǡ㰲ҡͷ̲˾ڹ죬˼ҾñϾǸϡҲ̫ϧܰϹˣǺܺ𣿡
ϸТһͷһѣ¶ĵ˵ͷȻ˼ұ˾ģûѴｻҰɡˣղ˵ҪȼպȡУ
ʵڲ㣬ֱӾ׽Ҳδɡ㰲һɵشⶫҵˣô˵ġ
ðɣȻ̲˶϶ҩĹЧôֵһԡϸТĬ˫̶ְͻɫ״ʵ̲ݽ˹Ҫתȥ״ػͷʵ˵ݣӦʮεİɣȻˣҵ·͵ǰǿͨ죬˰
㰲΢еΣȿ޻ѿЦݣ͵ʵʵֳĸۡҵֳΪͰ֮ս˹أ㲻ٴӾһֱȪϰ֮£Ҫ¸˶򽻵ġ
ԭ˰ԭˡϸТ¶ζؼ׷ʣҿ֣ƽּҵıࣨţˡд壨һϣˣβ⿡˶нɡ
㰲Цݽʧ¶֮ɫҪ¡һγƽ̲֪̬ǧ򻯣һüѾǱµȨڶҺĽ飬̸ܲܵµĵزҪ˳˳ء
ˡϸТеջ𵫸Ρ

ҹĻ֮Уʱͬһ˲ȥ˯ʿǣ޴춯ѣӲݴϡʯͷϷ
ȻģĴĻ⡣
šϮĽһƬȮ
շżǳǰףӦû賿ʱ֡
Һô󲿷ҹʱ̫ƣǾ͵˯ģǹֱߣʱͶս
ŻһҲû̫˳֣ӦòǱϮ
ǲľ¡ǵ˵׷ˡ
Ȼ
ʱͷ۵ǣȴ֪˭ں˭
ֻܶڴ󺰴УܶڴȥײѪⱻڶҽҲǼ
ԭ㰲ʮߣھһʮˣϸТżҳңҰӵ״ĻĶ飬СҲʮˡȻ߶ʮ
Ż֮䣬໥ʶҲ޷ͨװϵҡ
δȫã˭ֱܷ壿
˵ʱӦǼͷĿվ£ƫƫϸТ㰲˶ûվ֪ô
֮ܶСﶼܻңȫʧȥֻ֯ʶϤѿһһȺһС顣
ȻеĲһԶƵĵطܣеԭؾ׼һвݵĿ֮ˣеǸӻزֵĻӵпɷӡ

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֮Ľϣѹ˵ҽе
߲˵ȫ塪ٺ΢Žһ½ŵӵ
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ȥ˵⣬Ҳ롪ģΪˡ
ֲ֪˶ã֪жĪˣܵԶˣߵǺˣڽ춯ͣ
ưѽеéݷûˡ
Ҳǲˡ
Ҿһ񲢲ʲôϮ֮ģֻԼԼϵʬȷʵһֿȥѾǡ
Ʋ⣬ӦĻĿĵĵǱ˻ҡȻЩѸٳ룬߶ϱɱˣڼڽţûͷĿά򣬾볹׵Ļңᣬ๥
˵ͷĿǵȥˡ
ʱߺȻ˽ŵĳؽŲ
һۿȥѹѹһƬжڳ߼йȻȥȫװʿǵˣƾȫһȺƣں֮ڡ
λûüӦǶ˶ǰ棬˸ţľ㳤˵Ĳӣõ˷㰲˵Ϣҹҵ֪ˣ㰲˺ϸТ˳һ
⻰˿ȻܻѰ
š
Ļ˷֣ϸТ񲻼ˣ
Ƿ֣㰲񲻼ˣ
һ֣ǵĽ˺񲻼ˣ
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ûʱǰűջٵķֻʣǾ𾪻֣̿Ϊʧɫ
˲߳һȥ쵼ʿŲ˼ıô£Ƕĸֵģ˭ܻشһҵ⣿ڣϸڣˡѵѹŪˣôŵİʲô˰ƽ̲˲Ȳ𣿸ôԵ˼ң
һһõ﷢ɡ
Ȼ˶ʲôӦ˵󲿷ֶס
ƾѹˡ
һ㣡ȻһݵȴֺòŮ˫ֱûվ˳شϵķϻ̫ˣľ㳤ǵĻǼҵġȿȣµĳлҪ˵
ţľ㳤¶һ˿ڴɫȫ˲ȥƽ⡣
̫ûòˣ´Ҫע⡭Ǹûȡʵֲ˵顱ӷŶͷһεվʮɢ
ߵľ㳤ߣʩ˵ڹǵд˿ܻкҲڲйܻͶСղŷ֤ǵĵǶԵġϣϸѾŹ˺һЩˣˡ˳ĻҲᵽʵصǡ⣬Ҵһ仰
ľ㳤ü⣬ûκֹܾ˼
顱ӣ΢΢һЦǰ˵ΪеĿͷӭƽּҡ
ĿͷǼලҳ޲Ϊְλ
ľ㳤˲һ𣬲֪ϲǡ


ʮ תΣΪ
ƽּԤھϮ֮ʱϸТ㰲һжʮѾǰŹһҹ֮͵Լİ40·̣˺Ȫ߾ҵԼȻܵ˰ȴ֣صĽӴ
һͨ򰶺ǵ·ǿţɵϢ
⼸ƽ̲һֱͼƶȣÿݵ㶼൹ʮСʱͬʱΪ鱨䡢͡óȶ񡣲ֻкȪڲǿ˼ӣдչҪǮ⣬ޡ
ȻֻҪſ׼ٺ»ļټҳܼ򵥣㹻˻ûô㣬ҪĵطЩӵĲŻܵĹϵӣǮҲɲ֡
ܴ뷨Ҳʵȥɡ
ԣϸТ㰲һԺڰΪнȻȫģ˵ǵзӣͨˣڹϳûҹҲǺѵģɢʧǶоѵѰ·ϷԱҲʱôѡˡ
ҹ֮ƥĽҲǸͦ⡣Һöͬѱ޵רҵʿ
оƵƣȻһ˹һǿС
Ҳҹ׳ˡ
ˣ·;ʧˤˡ
һ״ĻҰӣӹǵʵȻˤֱۣǿж΢һ¼ż
֮ͬ˶ӡΪ֮Ĺۡ
ȺĻҲȫǷСǽͷ
뷨ڴš
һΪٳϡˣʡû취ֻˣ⵹ùҵطͶޡ
㰲⽻һ䣺ȻͦᣬϾɹнΪǽṩܶһҪֵͣԳǵĺ֮
ϸТ̾Ϣ˵ǶλٵֻۣıͶ޵һ˼ҡϣûһƯδŮ
һЩϸ΢ĩڵ¹ʾ͸ǲ
Ͼﶼ۵ùǺȫƾ־Ʒһ·֧ţ
һ˼ʸ֮˵Ѿã׿ͦǰ佱ƽּṩġҩЧȺ
ǣԱ߿ܾý˵쳣ˣһ·֮ϣϵԿĳ´ʣҪγҵؾƣȴȫȻûй˼κϸ⣬ȫ̽ϲŭɫģ
ȻôĴ̼һʱֹʧ̬Ҳ֮УĻǶûй⡣
һҹУڶ絽ϢƬ̣ţĳ֮УȻĪԵɵԭα¶ҽ˵м۵Ҫ᲻סϴ
еŵò壬Һ÷㰲ʱѯٴṩˡҩİ°
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ȻˣĻǾûʲô˵ˡ

ϣƽּҵʲôҲ֪Ӵ˭ֻ֪Ƿ㰲ԸҪرСģӶѡ
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Тŵ΢һ£˼䣬ֻεҡͷ̾ϢȻֵܣȻƽϡ

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Тҡͷ̾Ϣûʲô⣬ֻǳصıʵǡܶԹȴ޷ʤһ֮˾
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⻰Т߸ǲûкֱˡ
ľתűӰ˰죬̾һ˭ﵽ֪ΪλжأȻǺֵܣҿɲһִȥǸˡ


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֯Ҳһ⶯ʼûǸ
ԼؾãҪ˺֣һǳɹġɱӺпܱҵĵ
˷ëļƲߡ
Ҳ벻ļƲߡ
һδεĻϣ֯ҾЭ֮֮飬֮֮ĥƤӣǽչޡ
ǼһԴڶսСֳɫһԾΪǡ˴ҪƽּҳͻΪ˼ŮǸܵɵġһģ»͵᪸ǵʣ֯ҹѺ
˹ľٶ޷ٻʮּҪ󡰶Աβ£򸰾ܵͬŵĳĬơ
ϵ̫ͬ
ǰȷָƽ̲ǸˣһҪսҪγɳڽ֡Ŀǰôһǧˣ಻һǧˣȽʵ̫Ļ·ٲİ˻¡
ԡ롰⣬˫졣
֯Ҿ岻
⻹õģлԵļҳ
һЩˡ
βŴ嵤ʤվǿҲȷʵıʤڵòᣬû
Դͨս֮󣬺ҿƺ쳾ˣɴڻ˯
ŨԹ״˵ʲôǿ϶ԣһҪ£ǲ˼θ۶ȳëˣɡ
һڸЩȱļһ
Щ̬ȶԻһôҲûС
β֯ϻϽ͡Ƶ
ȻϽ˼ҸԸεġ
͵Ͳ֯Ҹô죬Ǹ̬ȣ˵·˵жΡ
ƵһǺԥȥ֧ųûȹ᪸ǵ
΢֯ҵȻҲ֧ԮԼϵģǿһ治κֱӾȥ˾ֲе㲻״ķŭ
ڸףԼǰ֤һԼ
Ҳǿǵ㣬ųûеһʱԽ޴ҵķͨһ֯Լϡ
֮ܶ
֯Һᵽ˵ի˵ĸܣ
ǳ᪸֮⣬غ˽ģΥԷεĻһЩϲ֮ʿȫ֧ž档

֮ڱˣѡĲѷҲûзҪǿö࣡ʮִ֮֯ڰ಻ס
໥˵ɺǰңҲǲԼͬشǺεɫͷʾͬ
߸һЩ֧ߣʣµ޿޲ɵġ
ڶҳĬ˳
еı᪸ǵĶ֮֮סеڸĽͶޡ
и߼ʿһмʮӡȣǧˣڵҶɽխĵ·ﲻ
رЩ˵ݺ⣬ʮķùѾϰԵطɼӺˡ
˽֮ʱ˵һѩǧ˵Ȼ΢Ͼ׾Ĺպ˵Ҫƽ̸̲ϣͨ
֯һ֮ͬˡ
õֻ˼ӣҴҸϵȥ
ѩǧЩڱ䴦һƫƧıľӡ
ûд׶ҳ̫ޱߣ˿δ衣
֯ǻص֮Уʾ֭˼ڼȨͳԦ֮ƽ⡣
ǸʹãḶ́ԣ֪һ˰Ŵͷʱ䡣
Ȼ֯ھøмԸŪЩԵġ
ȴһ죬ȻȻŲæҡ
æſüڱҴҸϹδ˳˸ҺǺ׼û˵ǰѷ˸ױǼ䷿ˡ
֯Ȼһʱ֪롣
ܱȷʵмȼð̣ŮСѾҳһţšд֮̿͡Ļɪɪڻ谵ĵƹ﷢
ëųڵǴҴҸϵסţ˳
֯İæԸ£Ͻ֣Ѱˡơߡʧȵȡ
еŮӶҪ㳡ϼУר˿ס
ƱͲͨмľˮûҲͳ׽ˡ
̿͡δٴж֪ѾܵǱô˵Ѿ
꣬ǰҡӡ侮ݡҰҰڳоס˷׷Ѷϵ֮Ҳйһ빰
֯վʾԼû£˼ҳԭشµָʾжҪࡣͬʱҲŵ֮ȥ֪ͨظλнӽ
˲һжƺڻص죬ǿűӵԺı֮⣬ûٷʲô顣
ʿѸٴӡֳҵչ޺ƬԼδȫȼձըĻҩĩ
ûзκοƶϴ̿ݵ
ֻмڻһˡʧҲ΢΢ҲջһЩҾߺװΣܼƲʮᡣ
صģܾ֯ҵĲŵ滨ꡣ
Ӧǵз߳˶Ǳ޷ӽҪĿֻ꣬һЩ¡
жϡ
Ϊ챾ڱӷеҰҰ壬ԻҩĩЩȤĨһЩڱӵϸ˰죬ж˵ЩζǱԾֵһʵ֡
˵⣬ǰ͵뵽ʲôҵֻ˻裬ȴһʱˣ᪸ǵĵҩʳǱڶ֮ģ
⻰һ䣬ֻǽ׶죬һʮ춯
¡һ᪸֮ǵϿգ硣


ʮ 㼪Ĵ־
ľµôԶٴҲûãֵǲıġ
û𣿡
ûУȷ˵ˣʱκͣ֯ﵯһƽ̲һˡ
٣ԭ򡣡
ûԭ򣡡
ޣȻʶشǡûԭ򡯶ǡ֪ԭ򡯣˵ʵ֪ԭİ
ιιľµô˵е㡭
ķӦҴҲˡ
ˡֱԣľµĲһرϲĿأ
δأϾǵһμԺ͡
ԺƲлټ
ô˵ˣδΪʲôϼңԭ򾿾ڣ
ֲ͵ԭҪ𣿡
ĲϼҵĻǺҲôҪ
԰ҪĻͲ˵ذɣ
ҪôҲ޷𣿡
벻ҪĨôľµôҲ֪ϼʿˣѵûһȺ֮𣿡
ѽⲻô򣬶ϵİвŶѽ
ذɡ
Ұɡ
ذɡ
Ұɡ
ذɡ
Ұɡ
ˡֱԣľµյ̬һĹ
ǰ˵ͺ󣬺ӣԳ棬ǵһΡǲҵͬ𣿵Ҳѽ
ǡɣľµſһȦѧУҾи㣬Σ
˻棿
Ȼһ׷õιιǸ
㿴ޡٺ٣ҵĹѧô
⡭
ӣԼԱܹʮ˫۾ע֮£Ⱥ̷֯Һң֪ǧʯԡС֮ƣѽʮľ㼪ѧҰƣѸڵһȦ
ȫûаŤ̬
ֻмִ񣬲ϧһд۵ľȻ֮ġ
˿Ϊܣһľ㼪ŸԪǿһԲ˫Ŀͣ췴Ӧ
ΪŨõܣһһӦݵ꣬Ͼ̫ף̫٣δŸ϶ϲߵġ͡һЦ
û뵽;Ȼȥִˣ
֮ع´ǰòʿʾӵɫݵʩľµҲ֪ô˵Ҫ̵Ǹڵе㾴ˡðɣͰ˵ģһ㣡ȥͨһ£ԸԸҪԼ˼
лľ㼪ȻѺõЦݡ
˻ǸˣҲǸ飬ڿȫûĸܣ˾ú׺

Լһ֮󣬴´򿪣Դûɵ߳һԣǽǱֱվš
ţһ㡢޳뷢ݻƣѪɫʿ˲ߵǰ¡
ľµþò
ӣಡ齵Ĺ㡣
Ũˣ
ڼˣ¼֣ľ㼪ʮּӣһ
ˡһЦȥָõ˵⺢ӣʵڲ£Ȼͣҷÿǽվ˼ӹʳֱΪֹ
̸ϣȫ̸ϣľ㼪ҡͷеϢǰǸʲôԼ͵ʱѧʲô£ղţҲǿЦûʲô⡭
ʹڣҲ뷣ᣬ֮ȴɡ
⡭ðɣľ㼪ټ֣ɫݵĿģʮҲ໰ˣ֯ﵯ
Цݽ̣ϣĿ֪Ϊβͣ
Ըꡣľ㼪ʱֵʵ
Ϊ¶֮ɫ˫ۣ͵µҲڽΪһɳ죬Щ굹Ҳȵ˼λᣬһȽӽĿġȻվ˷ֺ׹ڵء´ɵʱҪ꿪⡣ҵٲ֪ܲܳŹꡭԡ
⻰˵ʮϡ
ϵˣĪ֪ĳ̶ȡ
Ҳ֧˵ȣԼ־ˡ
ȷʵĻ䣬Ѿģ
⻰ľ㼪Ҳͷʾ⡣
ȷʵرϢͨβšŨʵϸɣ˵ڴһƼĹӡ
ƺ͸ֲضʱ躹ʮأһɵ
ľ㼪ͷ֮ȴҡͷ˼˵֯ﵯԴܵɱۣ֮һֱ˼ϣҶе뷨
֯ﵯ𣿡һЦ̧ͷԶƲҲͬһʣһڼҳǰľµܿİɣ𣿡
治еľ㼪Цһ£ȥûȷ϶񶨣ʮؿڽֻǸƶˣȫһСʱÿҪֻܾҪܳԱˣǵӱ˶ӣϣһʽݣò׳ΪͼʿŸŬһҵõһʯʹֻ֮רע˼ô֪ͣӵʯһһڹҲ˼šڣȫݲ¸ԶĶһţô֯ﵯ˵⡣ɹĻ˵ܳΪһһ֮ڵʱ᲻µ⣬µķգǲǽÿǵ顣ûôϾ
γĬţ΢΢ݡ
ô˵ءľ㼪ѵ˼Ŵ˵Ӧ˵ǲֻͬǻţѾ߾ȫˣ޷е˵Ļܺ绽ûô˵ǧǧũǣһ굽ͷֻǿˣǲɴȥˡҾãѻȥҲڰԼĹʤ㾡ȫȥأһҲֵ𾴵ҵ
ƺ˵ЩʲôȴԶԣֻҡͷЦ
ΧҲ˵Ŀɿڴ
һмҵ˲شϵ˵Щʲôأ벻ҪľҼ˵ı
״ľ㼪æʩ񣺡Բ𣬶Բ˵̫ˡֻǲԾ֪Ϊʲô̲ס˵˹ֵĻǧ½⣡ҲеԸɽ뷨ˣϾÿ˶Լ־ûа취ǿҲ޿κεɣΣ˻ǻᾡ֯ﵯҵսôҾԲԸ⣬ñºʱ򣬶˵ǡľ㼪Ŭŵʧܡġ˵˶ĻҸˣ
ľµκȻͷ΢һ㲻һɣĻҲһ롭Ҳϣ˵컻գӢ۱ȴɽﱧԹأ


ʮ ´ļ
յͽˣһͻ֮£ŴҲ֪˵ʲôıʣӦöܵ˰ɣƾҴκȻһͷ̧˵˾Ȳѵ̨ʣ֯Ȫƽ֣ƱҪͻҼĲ볯͢ĻϵڸԴһ㻹ʾ¡
˵ƾҴηĻ˷ʩ
Ȼ֯ﵯжιͬսڣΪˣ˽Ϊ˽Ϲ壬Ŀǰ֧ƽ̲Эط֮ʿӦеѡ񡣵ȻֻҼҿһ֮λΪأ
ɳǵڣ´ҿУɫϾּᶨ
Ӵ״ƾҴΡñˣҲ½շԶ壬Сԭ˺ʹطΪס
ȵķԣĬĴñŰǻ˵ûڻԿ϶ȷʵӵ˺ȪѰƽ̲͵˵֯ﵯ۶ᾩŽ֤ʵ´ΪʤĴңվһǲģ¾û۵ıҪӦٶһ֧ǰȥַж
صĹ˺׷ü˼ۣɴطСطڣȻǵһλģһ˾κηڡҲҪǵǵʵ顭Ͼȥܼ˵ԣԪδܳ׻ָң˵ɼսʵԱֹڿӱ߾ȻҲǷɱֻǡԱķ䣬Ǯʵġô취ֵȥ²òԿǡ
⻰ڵձЩΡ
һҰܣô˻ᣬͷ֮⣬ڣγӶǰȪƱҪβšŨأ֯ﵯ֮ӣ֯ռ£֪ǵͼʲ⾭ɣ˵ϱߺ·ĻǿֱӵִȪǵĴֻƺԶԶ⻹Ӧ裬Ǳ̬ȺǷ⵽βŷĹ⵽˺ƽ̲ǷԸṩ
ҰܵĻͱȽܹȥϳ̬ȡ

Ұԣδ̫ɥСԭװͬһ䣬ȻظȻӧȻǼ˿ڡݡǮ߶ȱ·ҲңԶҪҾһҲвֻʣԼһһһǹһҲԥصȷ棡
ⷬԽΪ˵Ļˮƽͱȴط࣬ͬʱˡޡ͡˼տڰ׻ҲҰܣȣе㸡䣬̲
˵úã˵úðñҲرʾ޳ɣ鲻֪漸Ǽ٣֪޳ɣǹȤƴЦӦ͵Сԭģôţһһһǹһ·ģ浽ǸزҾԸһϣǹǣ
ţúá´ҿ΢΢һЦ䣬˫ѹֹ˼ҳ֮ްĶԻܽλĶ־ҸܵˣҡԶڵҲȷʵȽѣǿóǮʵ֧Ӧһ㲻ӡͨȨҲǸ⣬Ǳиȫİ취
⻰ڼҳһü˼״һʱȴûνȫİ취
ĬȻ׿űߣһʿԶأٿӵѹʮѣӵٺһЩ⣬ƽ̲һڽΪ׵ôȻǾҪЭƽϣǻͨǣίгһɮṩֻͲҼҵӲӽǰȪ繫˵̬ȡ
أһ㶣׷׽кá
ѭȥԭǼеһ½ʤ
⣬⣡
û뵽վףıǹˡ
˫ȫ¼汸
ƣơ

ΪڴĴطʼûзӦԱߵľҰʾһ£ŻȻ򣬿޵ƻȷʵܾĻô̬Ѿ˳ȥҲиΥֻǰ߳ʲô⣬˵ӲӶߣԶ֪飬ǻлܲźۼӵĶԡءءء
Ϲ˵ɶء
طĻû˵꣬ͱҰסͰڵϡ
ȻҰΪֻЦЦȻʵˡεؽ͵ˡǺǡ
طãȻ˰죬׹ŵɫɷףһ亹ڵز˵ˡ
ҰַŶͷڼˣ޲Ҹȥ߶߶ţô̯ôܡҪǿȥùõķʮ˻ˡ

֮Ҷ޳ƻǾһ԰ɡ´ҿƵݵ˾ϣ·ȫûע⵽ղŵγ档Ȼűʤ΢Цͷƽɣļƻܺãô볤Ľ棬Ͱˣôҿɲֻ֪׶ݵ򰡣
лΣ±ز
ıʤȻУڵأ緢ϡ
˵£ɢᡣ
ҳǷ׷
ΨгĬ˺ðľƾҴι󣬵ȵû͵͵۷ĶԵ´ҿӳһ£Щ
´ҿü⣬Ȼǽ칫ȲѾź𣿸ҲʹкԸ׵ѵǳһʲô⣿
ʵǸڲ⣬²֪ô˵ƾҴԥһóһۺͰ͵СֽƬ˹ȥ
´ҿɻؽӹֽƬɨۣʱɫ䣬ʵϢʲôʱյģб֪𣿡
֮⣬иľλ֤ƾҴξ෴˳ش⣺һյƽҵĻţֻͨʺ򵫼вϵֽƬǶǰڹؼʱʹõ취ϢӦкܸߵĿŶȣԸڵŮɮصİߡ
Ůɮ´ҿ˼һȻŽҡͷô˵Ҳûʵ֤δؾһ࡭
ȻƾҴδ󵨵ǰһĪǲǵˣǰ˵ǸҥԣȻ¡ôҲȫܡ
סڣûиݵҥԣҪУƲˣ´ҿǵͨϣʾʹŭӵ顣
ǣǣʧԣƾҴβֻ°ݣǸ
µϣʮִݡ
ȻղŲһʱʧԣǹ⼤ŭ
ʣƾҴξҪ´ҿɡġ
Ϊǳ˽ľøǲòĶ
ڸ˵λڴ˹ǷܵӰ죬ƾҴεûϡֹ۵Ϊӿʽ׶οʼܹһð


ڶʮ 
֯ųžɲʱƿ˾ӵƽ֚ĺȪʱܾ
ͨνġԪ֮䡱
ڵʱƽ֚һʱ񲿶ӣԶȺ֮ǰٹĻһں֮Ϊµ֯ųԵֵġ
֪ΪʲôΪ֪ǽƽ̲ûץסǲ˶ʹͼЭδ֮󣬷ſʼս
ǰ˷˴ʱ䡣
͸˵˺飬ȡ֧Ԯľѻᡣ
Ծ͢Ϊ죬Ļ壬֯ų£ЩѣԼĻˮҰļңߵǿƽ֚ˡغܿܲҪġ
ȻվڶͻŽںȪӵĻ֧Ԯƽֹ֣֯ٶȨ
Ĵ󽫾ӵ˵ĳЩʤ͢ƽ֚֮֯ųȻȴҲƥУԷר
밶Ϊݵ㣬֮˿ʼӪ໥
Ը飬ڵɣһ׻ݶѵİ취
絤ĲҰϣڵһʱӦѵĺųƣһһڣʿʮɵġٸϸȪ˻ƽġʡԼ϶ʮᣩʾֽ֧ˣҵޡ
ǵĳྮһɫɽֵܥڡӣء׺صǡ
еǰȵĵʵۣɸ˵ˢһ´ڸУеĻƽּҵĹϽʵԼߣԱģеݱȽģεɬϣСǮϴס
ѼǰɳһЩżҳ򸧸ҵشͼֱأһãҲȫûӵ˵ڡ
ػȻסûʵȨػԪһɫٳȰ˵£ȪΪЧ
֪мʲô⣬Ҫҳǣݡݼܹȵˣѡ򾩶ϣ֧֯ų
ƽ֚һߣֻһǧˣ淴ǧˡ
Խǰĳ־ľѹĽ飬Ӧ˵ĺ٣һ־̬ýȻ෴һ͵ؿʼ𲢣ûһһܵϱ
ܵ鴨׳ڻ˵̾׺ص൳ͷĿɽƬҵսȪŵжʱ뵱˵ĳͻĪˡ
⵹һѵûᣬƽ֚İҳͨ˳ûռ˺ȫĿʵ
緽棬һڵȻ˵׼ңǷֱӳδܴһ¡̨ڡڸԶԱɮṩǮ֧ųټڡڱһ᲻װ硣
ҲͬиԵо޼ְ֧֣ľ¡ǵ˸ܵõĻѡֻ˱ʿɮ˵¸Ϊʵ壬Ϊ⣬;ܾ׬һʵĺûᡣ
֮ܶ֯ųռݾ֮ʰѾõڶ̶̼֮ڣѸٻ˵ЧңҲԹѩʽٶ͡
ھºϵ׼㡪˿ˡ£ƽֻܼ֚бںȪȻȥȡġͬڸԲͬɾۼ¡
ʷƽ£ϵҡڡ
߿ʼӦ֮ʱĹ߷ֱ롰
ƽ̲ȪӵλΪ
֯ﵯƾճ͢λڶΪ
ĳЩ˫ԴԶѡһվӣǼǳѺʹ顣
磬Ϊ֯ﵯ֮ܣƽ̲֮֯ﳤ档
֪ˡ롰֮󣬷Լ׸дţԴǿеȰ˵ձͼͣһֱûеõʵԻӦ
֯ﳤ治ź͸裬п֮֮䵶ı磬˹ȣ鲻ѣʹűĽɽ£Ҫţ
Ĵ󲿷ּҳܵſȥת⣬ٲ־Էֱ˶ߡ
ΪһѧߺͲˣ֯ﳤ˵ӡŨϢ֡С͡ľֹȻҲڴ֮С
ô˵ܱߵСѸӦеԹе³΢ԶһĴǣȴԵö
֪Ϣͨϵӣأ
ͬ˵
´ҿ֧ѵţһʱ䣬ڰ׵ӵ´ſӱǧˣͨɮṩĴֻȪ
֯ҵȻҪ׵ˣȻڲң֡ͻ֣һȽάȵľľ㼪μʱ᪸ǣȶסģ˵ҳǽʳֵǮճһ֧һǧ˵ľӡ
Ȼ֧ͨ;Уֵõһ桢Ͳ˳죬ԼϽ˵ĺӦۼǧࡣ
һΪ֪Ļף֯︸ӻ֮ʱ˳
ԽɼҲ´ǣ˶ԽܾƵйע˫ĬͣŨҰ
Զı«֮ǿ϶ҲиԵ̬ȣǵ̬Ȳֵùע
ߣӦҪ΢һ㣬ǳǡ˺ܳʱ䣬ǹȰ˵£Ӧ֧֯ųġ
漴ëҵļԪš屣ˡţ뵫С紨¡ˮڱǰ
ǵǱڵȡᣬǳڹأ˴źТߡľصˣʦһǧɽǣפųԼ·Զĵص㣬ʹ⡣
ëܼؼѣȥܵĻǴĴ룬˳ƹϵӵ֯ųͼϵĲӰ졣
ֵµ¡µǲʹߵ⡣
Ȼաθ֮ԡڳ͢Ϊɣ׽ų
һϵкЧӦۻҡ
ֹӳ֮ʱ䣬ܱﵽǧҡ
ۡƽ֚ڰǾۼԼһ˵ֱϽֶԱ˸ظӹһǧˣõ´ǧˣСǧ˵Эܼǧͷ
ϣƽ֚㻹ܴĹեڴӾ۷ġַʯɽԸɮ֧Ԯ
һ棬֯ųõأϾʱ뾩Իص᪸һĻͬβٸಿӡ
ΣϽռ˾ԵϷ硣
ڵڴ
ײԤǳϻվƽһߵģϾڹڡɱ¼ࡱҥԿǴδͣġû뵽ʵ˳ϡ
ʵС͸ǳǽ֯ƽ֣ŵ룬ֱӸıƽ̬ơ


ڶʮһ еĻ
ӵȪһƽ֚Ӵֵֹ֧ߡ
ʵءػԪԼʵĳǰ˾߼Ȼ޷ٱǮ֧Ԯṩһİ
ټǰɽҹ֮常Įɽƽּչʾơ
滹һС
˵ԪֵڣδȢޣʵȨѧȴһ˲ţãȥô¡һ棬߼أף뷢԰ףۿԪΪŮǵĺ·¶ĵǡǴŮѾˡ
ͬΪڽܵƹ壬ŵԣн飬˷һ𣬺Ȼ໥ۣû͵̸ۼ޵ĳ̶ȡ
ɵǣƽ֚æ͵У֪˴£˳ϱӵһЩ䣬ЦŶԶλ͡Ȥ˵ҵĴС㣬ǽӰɣ˵ǻò󷽵¹ŮԪиˣ
ҹڿս⣬Ͼˣ˵Цˣ˿û롣
λɹȴ𾪵òᡣ
еǣ˵ģ⡣
߼ֶƽ̲ȻһڽгŮ֣˵ʲôò󷽵¹Ů̲е΢֮
ԪȴʢҲ֪ˣˣ÷ԸȻĬڲκζ顣
ϾȢӵŮʵڲ٣ֵһĴȣȴ̫ࡣ
ʵľɹǣʵս𵽰ģƵ´ſֻͨǧˣΪǼҸӹƳɳҰ൳
ǰӾɣս֮ȥζҲֻԴ·ѡֻвǧʿߵս֯Χ¼أԡ
ķĿ˾ۼԼĲӣܹˣΧڰǡҺȪ÷óƽּеǹֵ֧Ӧڲ⡣
ڵǰƣƽ֚㵹һ㶼żѾȫӦԷ
Ȼȴһ
ΪάʱŶӵʿƽ֚㲻òÿԳ棬Ѵʱ;ڹͨͰ档
Ӧ鷳ġ
ѵĴȼ֮󣬾ûٵõҩṩˣΪȬ˲ҪʵԭǷ㰲Ĵ漱
ֲȡصļܸߣɣδգ޷ƣֻܴӺίй򣬼۸϶൱Ƶġ
֮ǰѾ¡ָʾͬеϸТҲ˵޴˵ҩ˿޷ȫ̡ƽ֚ûд㰲طˡ󲻿ɽڡ
ѴҲ֪Ǽ˵ģҪδãֻܸݲɸ˵Ľ飬ǲӣ͵͵ȥҽ˰æˡ
˵ȻòֹӦǽ˾Ͳ飬ϲ޳ˡ

ƽ֚鷳ĵ⽻ϰһżЦ˺þãڼԼ¶İݷߡ
ŮѩǧԼŮɡ
ĻģеǱ
ƽ֚ǵɻҲգⲻȥŮֻŮ˵ôĵӣȻ˵Ҫ᪸ǰжһ㰲ŵģЩյķ緶ϧڻǱϻˣô£
ѩǧ˸׵ĳȻȻºί̬˫Ŀᣬżӵ㡣
ǵ䣬ֱԱ
״ȴǿȥͦӲͷƤڵˣȷʵǰв߻סḶ̌Żջ᪸ǵ֣β޷ģҲɹˡǺСľλ֮۷򽥽ı䡭е֯ѩǧȪʾ֯ҵҲ벻ʲôɷġ
ˣǷֱ˸ӵʱ̣ܸмվһߡŮƽ֚㵹ǿ࣬ղ˵Ż֮³ɹдб˰æɣе֧㣬ӦǿĳЩߣԸ˺Եʡ
⡭ҡûô࡭һʱãȻ
šƽ֚㽫Ŀƿûصѩǧһۣ˱ˣ˵أҪ˵֪ʲô͸Ͻԣ
ˡɴȻٴվϧؿԼӣʱȷʵ˺ܶѹһ˱ĽСĺܿ
ءѩǧ˳˼ؿɷϣȻʾƵĽƻػصһ۹ŵҲʵ顣βŹڴųӦ޹Ũƺ뷨Ϥκͳ죬Ҫ˰ЭǡһеͼӦþ縸״ԡ
𡭡˼صͷֺȻץסѩǧ֣ʹ̫Ϊˣʮ죬ڲϿ¡ʵҾͺˣȻ㲻ϴԻƴϺƽ϶˳á
ţ֪ǧһŬģǡҲæѩǧΪЦų·ʺһЦݡ
ⱿŮûˣȫǸ˶
ƽ֚°²ۣûʲô¾£ҪСǵĹ㵽ˡ
ɺȻ뵽ʲô°ֵˣǳ֮ǰе˽һ仰˵ǡתƽ̲֮£ҼˣĹ֮£ССˡ⻰֪Ǻ˼֮´֪˵ʲôĹ֮µĻ
֮£˼ҲŻȳˣǰ档Ĺ֮¡ƽ֚üͷǰһϢ˵Ȩһ涨ˣ뿪ڣܵݹȥ׼ڴѼҵİطĹʱֻΪǲ׽Ӱеķԡѵ˵ģȻ
֪£ƽ֚㲻òӣȥϢ̻֮ؼҳѯʡ
δβһڣ˵Ǵ¿ȷһȨԴˣȷʵڴѼҵķͣȻȻûмˡĹҥˣ˵õ˴Ѽֵ֧ģһȨԣ涨ðأΣ˻Ϊͬˣ
ðأƽ֚üѵѾȡĹӦ֪Ѿһʱˡ
βɫ䣬ͷش𣺡ҥԵ˵ʮأ汣ЦңԼլأſҳ˰֮ͨУĳ˻ĳˣ飬ðһԶܻ
ԭˡƽ֚һ˿ɫ˲ƽҡҡͷȻ޻̸֮ҿȷǼһѾˡ΢ͷȴ
βƺ˵ʲôסˣѸٻ˿ڷ磺Ϣƺõ˵Ĳˣܶ൱귴ðصˣּװ»˵ȷʵиøðһģһ˳֣Ȼ˵ǼһѾˣ϶һĶǡһµɡ
ûûƽ֚˵ͷǰҳ̬ȶе⣺ǣסĹľǲҪСֶβʲôá


ڶʮ ˱
һ涨óεõѼЭı˵ԣѸٴˡ
ԣζƽ֚޷Ĺϻ̫֧ԮֻƾĿǰȥԿ֯ųĴ
ǳ롰֮󣬵ڶĻ̵̻ıʡ
ôãٳٲʽ²ʿ˻Ϣ͸ˡ
Ϊ˰ﳤ׹׳˹۵㣺ǳϵľӣĹҵΪǡҪѲκˣʱ䣬ǡö֯ﵯ˼ĵҲʱ䡣
˼˵Ҫ׷սӦԾϳɳڶŵľ棬ǿĺʵȡơ
Ϊ֪Ļ˵ϸТһ϶ں֮ڣĸɢ֮ǰսñҡ֯ﵯڣʵǿиɡƽ̲ʤȯգΨغȪɡ
ƽ֚ûκα̬ÿֻǾڼҳǰ̸Цֹ糣Ȼ³ʮ죬Ҳμ˵ճǧԪʽ
ñ׵Ĵ󽫾ѣﱸ̰ŵģĻ޽ϸТټڸɮҡ֪˼ֽ̼ڼȵȣʯɽԸµΪ׼Я紺ᵽ
ûг͢˲룬涼Եüܸߡ
ʮǧոǿ֮ˣʱ費磬ñͺͼҳǷ׷׷ٵ
ʲôȮӡʲôˡʲôϺ֮࣬ʽҪǮƨɶѳɶѷͶϣҪǮ
˶һ㡰ҩ֮ǿ֧ͦһʱңʵήҵƣ緵Ϣˡ
ֻƽ֚ˡѡġ塱֣͡Ը¹ġ⡱֣Ժʮǧʽ꣬־ͽƽ⡱˳֮ʽʯɽһڵɴ֯Сɻ顣
ΰڰеᣬƼ˳һǧʽ᳡װʮֻʳöȾԺݡҶ⣬в߶ƽּҵγ̶ȶߡ
ͬʱǧʯʳԶʮõ㣬ƶѷϡʹͷҲܹͬܵϲա
ǧ衪Ѿƽ⣬һԳ˵ҳǴ򽻵ĿǰǱڵս⣬ȻԻձη֯ﵯ棬ǲԸ͹ʽΪаˣҵݺᾭˣʮ꣬תսǧѼ֮⡣ȥȺۣڶೣԣΨƽ־ӭѶϣ䲻Խβһʱй⣿
⻰оݣУʮ־˵
ܱŲţڳĸλҳȫŵˡ⵱ȻΪ֪ƽּҵĸ߷ڣǾȥȲżװš
ƽ֚˴ԣп˵֪ҡ˳Χ̸£ˡ֯ﵯ֪֮Ϊӣǣǹнأ
֮㻽˻ҡڼܰ͵ˣϿҵΪٴǰͣ
˵µȥ飬֯ﵯȻϴӦֻȡ衣
ƽ֚̾ϢΩԸ¾ףԿȴ
Ǽȥˡ
ȻպųԳĿǻظ˵˺Ⱥ۾۱ھֻýĳ˽ٳֶȥòھԮˡ˸Ȼɢȥ⵶֣֮ȫ
ָɣ裬ƽ֚˿˵˲ǱЮ֣ΪƸеģ뿪ǰ˵ĺȪݾӡ֯ﵯǲŵĻѰһ˻͹̸ͬ⿪ᡣ
ֹ˼죬ųٴظǺ֮ܲ󣬹ԳƵǡȥֻ͵ļƲߡ෴ɽǣѵͿʵǰ𣿡
յźƽ֚һ䡰βɡǰѴԳֿ̬ڿǰľ֮䣬˵硣׷ʲô˭Ҳûȫ϶һֻͬһǧǰɽǹ֯ﵯһΣֻҪͬ죬ΪؿɱѪеʹתΣΪ
˵Ȼǲͬġ
ȲɵӣҲС
ǡҩһӰ죬ҲӰ쵽Ǹ̶ȡ
ѷ飨ʵδۼ̫࣬󲿷ҲϸТ˵ĵѾŲɣƴǿ˵֯ųһѾɥĲʮ⣬ֻ𣬲̸֮С
֮ǾԲϸȥ͡ġ
ڽ˵ǿҪ£ƽ֚εسŵؾ֮ǰ֯һԺ͡һ㣬Ҳšƽ־⵽֯ﵯҲŻῼʵķ
ǿ⡣
νĵͣȫȻˣƽֻ֚ܳ̾ļս
𣬾˵֮ǿܶҡƱҪһս֮󣬷ʰ档
˽£ﳤסСг˰֪ͨ챾ӵ̴󽫺ͱ˵ʱɳ׼ս¼ʼ
жݣһǹ㡰ģƲ֯һӦޡʱֻһ¾Ҫգʱɲǰ̺ܶũһ
Ȼ¶ʮ죬յ鱨˵һΪȷ棬½͹İɽǡ
˳ʱֻƽ°ʮأǰǶߡ
֯Ƽ£ɽǣԲս¡
Ρ£ȴҲûһı£ǧڣб˾ӿɽǰأͬʱѯʶԲߡ
ƽ֚ѶΪѣԥ˺ܾã˵һҪͻŬЭһ
ų˵ص̸ϣԸԴá
δõӦ
ϾĲѹʵڲСʿҲܸߣһȥܷܲڶЧ˵ˡ
ƽֿ죬ɽ룬תδ޸Źɽǡ
ǰŸյûôϢ֯һ
״ƽԾԾԣǵŹɽǸԼأֻҧٴγˣڹš
ڶ׷ֵȫȻأʿƽ־ųս
ƽȻŭգ޲óȥսһѾǴָӹ٣ܰ鿴ǵݴ֮Ȼֻٶȴ
Ȼ͵ҳͨפĸݳǡ
˺ϲһԼǧʳͼʸҩ㡣
ƽ˵常ȻҲʵڲԸˡ
ҳͨʾͬѾΣչʾ㹻Ŀƣõ޿̵̣ĵز
д룬ˡĵ

Уƽ֚ţʾ֮Ҽҳͣҡͷε˵ʵڲԸ֯ﵯսκ̫⼸ղȥźȴ˿ò𸴡ȥֻȪס˼Цη绢մߴ٣ЩҲˣ´ڣѾ˲ò֯ﵯʱ̡
˦˦ӣɫۣӼֻж֣޾ꡣ


ڶʮ Ӷ
ܵһ涨óҵӰ죬Ĺϵձ𽥽ΪϺ̽ƽ֚㣬дһϡǳҰˣ״泤Ҳʮӡ㴨Լľڣֹעƣ͵ɡ֮ȹأصܻϡ
󲿷ˡ㴨֮ľ㣬ֵ
ҲԪԡһ֮Σ´֡Ϊɣѹμҳ̼ҽճԱд֧Ӧʽ𣬷ǧʿɺǰ
ھݽӴսеġ
⻹һֱֱʵд˵ҵΪ̲˵ӥȮ͸õܵĴԳȥŶԵϵļֵڵҰΪʳϸڼȳҲԪ׷࣬һյһǧ˱
ʮӴ汣ûֻд˷ţÿǰֻʤ޵ɵ
ڿ͹ԭЩڽҪ֮ǰ١
УϺ̽µһͽġӡҲԪܵ¡ػӭȻƽ֚㲢֪ƺʲôʱģû˭Ʋ
֮ܶ
ӺȪİǵڵĸݳǣܿ죬̿ɴǧ࣬Ϧ¶ʮǰߡ
űʹˡΧս˼漴˰ΧˡϿһ棬ŵնӡ
һƬУ֣Сߣƽ֚״Цҵ˭ģԣأȴһֱĬʮֵ͵ĵ´ſȻУ´ҺʮױԽڶһں󳷵Ĳ׷ȥ
зĶϺʿû뵽˴󵨣ִټ䷢ЧɢͣʱУսĶҡ
´ſһﵱȣ¾룬ޣ緢
ݳУƽܴ˼ǲɶŲһ֮ңӦסȽĵз䣬ɱ䡣
ƵĶϺ󲿶ܵûʱֱŴңʿ
δչһǧĶѭ
ľȫҳΡصѸվ£ܱѹסţչ
´ſųеڱҽױеͻ
ɶŲصǰ֧Ԯǰ衣
һ˲䣬˫·ղػƽʱѡ浥Ĵͳ¸֮ʿϧһ𣬽֮죬Ѫ׳ս⡣
ȻֽʱϾͬѡ桱δʤߺӷ׷׼սǹſںŲŽĳȺƽԶԶԸԵһ֧Ԯһʱ侨ףõضɽҡƿ֮಻Ϸ·˼꣬ҩζõǡ
ƽ֚һֱʼսս֯һҲûľ¡ǵĳ֡
Żáһʱɫձ󳷡
͵ز
˫ĬأһС־ࡣ
ڶ죬֮󣬳ر֯ųıƺھˮԼʮ2ԶһС֮𡱵Сɽϡ
ǳڣλһɽļйм䣬˵ȫĵشҲתơ
ĹȵأŨںϽ˵ģӦǴжеĴڸС
֯δ֣ܱڸԶű·š
ƽ֚ͬԾУŸݳ
Ȼǿѡ
潻˳ҲԪףԼֱÿˡ֪ɮԺ¡Ϊر꼯ᡣ
ǵ´ſƳɳ֡Ǹˡˣռ˿ⷿͳΪء
˫·Ϊ䱸
ָģһΪʯĺ˴Ǵˮϵķ֧ƽӴխʮ䣨18ףңҲʮ䣨54ף
Բ·֮ڣ嵽õСţԽͨ˵̫ϰ٣ˮǿҲûʲô̫ѡ
ӦģôСĺдͺֻܺмѡ
֮˵һƬ̹;ɽȫյļ𡣾Ȼ߱һƣǿҲǲܿǵġ

Щܺ˲˷ġǺգϸšƬ׳͡ڡ䣬СгؿҡͷµʱЩûаźãҾƣһ·ܾһʰҺöûȫкóƽ־ǲ֮ء˵֯ﵯñ»Щ©
ǺǡҳͨһЦλԽԽ׽ͬŽ˵ɲñ©Ϊ֯ﵯѹϣʤ𣿡
ѵǣСгռƣΧԮݴͣӦδȣѰսپ
˼ֵεĲɳսȻǳԱʵ۳ɰܣҳͨ΢΢һЦ˷ʡ
Сгʱƿԣҡͷ̾һ̫ˡô˵֯ﵯǲðշսġȻǰѾ˵ĺףǵĺԶԶǣϲʱ䡭зȲܼҲܻǲǱʤɣ
δءҳֳͨı飬ĵǰƽ̲֣˵֯ﵯսóʱ˺͡⻰ϸĥ֮󣬷˵ʵ̫еˡ
ʱ졭Īָĳ͢Сг²⵽񾩶Ͼ˼գĪǻõǵӰ
ʵһȨԣ涨뿪طĹѾó͢Ƹʩѹˡҳͨüǣǧʿ
Ļƺûʲôõġ˴ˮϵżǳ֮⡭Сг˵ȻǸ⣡зڣɽǹȵģǵǴƽԭϡ
еˣ˵ҵû뵽̲ӦòԡԷһǻǴһ½԰ɡҳͨҲȥɣ
úãߣСгҴŲͬʱ̲ס˵ν˺ָʲôأѵ֯óõĵֶΣ
ȷʵòԿǡҳͨнУҡͷֲǡ
ȷʵСгеʧ䡣
ҳֵͨ˸ͨˡȮӣΪͬ˵ֶŮǳʣ֮ϡ
ǲʤҡСгһ򶨣ʵϲüҡ
״ҳͨһ̾΢ҡͷֲʵƽϵĵ·չͷҾδһҪִվλáıһȴҲ
һ֣ؿĸ롣Сгæֹʩ񣬻Цһ䣺ϾϵĲ˰
֣ؿǡʱֻתܾѡ
ҳͨиһ˿ǡ
˿սʱϾ˵ת˲ӵһȥˡ


ڶʮ ˮ
Ƕλѵúܶԣϧһ֮ڣƽ֚㱳żҳžңԶ̾Ϣ֯ﵯѾ涼ˣںӴ̰ȷʵǰû뵽
ҳͨСгһۣ𾪲ѡ
ĪǣҾڴ˵ӭսҲڶԷԤ֮е飿Сгһʱ˼Щڷɢûʧ
Ӧòǡҳͨʾ񶨣ڡȪصˮλ࣬ںδӭսˮ֮ƣõġǰսƽɽǡȥ
ս·棬ǲġƽ֚۾źʮ΢ϵ֯ﵯȻͻҷ桭Ȼ˼óʤǸŪ˸⡣
˵ҳͨԥһ֮󿪿ڣѾĩˣϾҪˮĵ˾ûôأҪڵǣ
δأδءСгüؽҡͷ͡ơ紦дƬɽ֣һǴӴ˿ʼ࣬ˮͻɽй£Զ϶ˮϵǰ潲£ܵĺȻȽϺģһ㲻С
ϷڽܾסҲˡҳͨˮĿԣҲʮ֮һɣٸߡ
ɾһСгּһѣ߱ˮɢоٳƴӶϷߴɱǿɾǡΪӦǰ׼ǡ
ݻ飬˼ƽ֚ϵֹ˼ҳķ磬ַԸһ䣺⡭ҲҪȥ
ҳͨСгȻ⣬δֳ£ΥʱǡȻǡ
ֻʣƽ֚ԼΪѣԥѾ
ʱûи֪ˣǡҳͨСг䣬Բ֮⣬Ҫθ½ǽźá
緽ԣܵˮֵƵǱȽϵ͵ģ㡰̰ˮıҲδγ㹻ģĺ
Ȼ֯ųһ׼֮µˡȻڳˮļƣܸеյİɣϾ̫ߵˮˣֻҪиȣƻƽ־ءرǳ󣬻ʹҲܻӰ졣
ʱƾܹԷˡ
˵ȥӡԶսϣƬ׳롰ڡɵϵѾ֤˼ֵװĴȺҵľ񲿶ӿǿеһСκμʶ˵ʱˣԸָо
ƽ֚Ϊսдھƣ֪ںڣ㲼ãնڡݴͣʤ˼·ϡ
ڣ֯ﵯԽܵʵ˾ӦԲԣ˴ֲò
϶޶õġʿһӰ졣
鲻һֱס
Լ챾̫ģЩĻ״ؿ;ԼĶɲ˵ں֮Ǻ롰ꡱ״̬ġ
ôӦɳŵзˮļƻ
ôĻһᱩ¶ܶ㣬˷ӦܵȲˮȱˡ
ɴ֮أصȪȥأ
Ҳ⡣ڵз°ȫûһŴѧʡο㳷ȥҲʧȴȻӰʿͬʱҲսأһٴսֻºĹһߵһ½ܾͺ鷳ˡ
֮ƺѡ
Ȼ֪ˮĸʾжߣˮǷܳɹѾƽ֚ɾϵشôݵ
Сʱ֮󣬳ͻظµ鱨
ʯΣϿβŹԼһǧǧˣѾ˵̰ӵĳΡԶǧ紨򴨡һ֮ΣһβŹˣʤǶǧǧ֮䣬ҪһЩæľϡ
֣ƽ֚һ̾˶ȻžƽӹԽ֮ԶǽС΢ܱԽ׳һˣҪյԣûпԵġ
ˮѡǵΣҲ˾š
һ棬˾ԳƲӢսĻʿֻǿǺϸĽѡ
ɼ֯⵽֮˲ҲʮѷȱڴҪֻöļҳˡ
մսʤˣѾ֮¶¿ͣն֮ٵˡһ棬ܵǿϮ֮󣬱ٰܵȴǲ١
ѡȡʵľ٣ҹͻϮɱһٻ֮Ȼٳʤٵḷ̌ųв跨ˮҲûܵġ
ƽ桢ҼΡٹ̩սֻθĵ´ſƳɳҲУԾս֮ϮȡأзΨһʤ
ƺӦôŶԡ
뵽ƽ֚š
Ȼո֣־в֮
ݶս飬Լ֯ų˵˽⣬ܾãֱΣܲ˶Էıơ
ԥδҳĺƽ֚ȵҹ˾ϸǡ
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ǻһʱ˳Ĳãȷǰ߾Ĵص㣬ͷΥɵ¼١
֮صڳȻԪ߼˽Ųѵĸʣ̲ˣ˵֯ﵯռΣ׼̰ӣˮʹˮ˵ҪȵˮٷųʯˮλǣǵʱǡЩΣգ
ƽ֚һ㶣æԡϤ֪ΪǣձӦ֮ߡȵӦȥúðοһ
ŲϢб˵ĻĴҡҰȺӼ
нһʣʵˮ֮¡
ǿЦã֮ظһ飬ǿѷÿߡ
ȻϽ׷ϢԴ
ҳͨСгй
߶Բ飬һʱҲûпʲôͷ
㰲ʯŵѯ˰죬ҹŵóһƲԽۡһЩݿɵġѾֽͨ˵лͿĨֵķʽĴɢʵϸڻ
˭ͺѲ֤ˡ
ϾߵġѾеࡣ
˷㰲ʯɫеΣֻӲͷƤ˵ҳ
ƽ֚㵱ȻҲԴ˱ʾ൱̶ȵӡ
Ȼı鲢ҳϾǵأ෴Υ¶˵ݣгյЦݣȻŸոտʼ̰ӣʹǷ꣬˵зǲ֪ҪˮӦ÷ϢŶԡҿνġˮģûбҪ̫˼ᡣ
ҳǶЩãȻ⡣
ﳤ׽Եˣʿôأ
Ǿ֯ﵯϷɡƽ֚ЦΡԸ๤Ͻļʯ󰶸һǽ
⡭СгĿ˼ˮȴǽأҪʮ۲ܴɶԵЧ
޷ƽ֚һӣǮģ⡣ȻĿѾԣˣؼʱ̣ʯɽԸṩʮĴ


ڶʮ 
ʯġ͡Ϊˡˮ֮¶龫֮ʱسŲͬҲ˼ҵС
Խǰĳ־ͳ־ȡþʤֱƽ֚֯ų빦Ҫ֤ԼǮϵ֧Ԯ
ʤڶǧ̽ɼǫҲٴοԽе̬ƣڱŨҰĽսһνˣȫַҵţھ˭ҵʱȷҪȡںչ
Ӧģ´ҿԶһڼӺأǱֳǿӲص̬ǴоĻŵΪ
ȻҶ֪ս֯ҪྫǹƲ״
ëҵǶ񣬼Ԫһǧ˹뵫ڣָҰɽǧٱǰɽιأǷֺá
ϣС紨¡Ѿ˵ǰϲֱңرѾ뿪Żʦˮ½ֱȡĥ
ҽǵģǱεݵӶִټжǧã⣬᧿Σ֪ڶʿһƣųʮƥὡĸʩչơʧأ㣬첻սң̤Ǳˡ
ϲֱһӻصǰȻԣ׼ӪʳڽӦС紨¡İܾ߻ðȴ޻˵
ëɽһ·Ĺƾ߽⡣
ɽǱߣԪѹĵΣҲͽκΣֻܰѷߺ޷йܱߵһȦ֧棬ȫջ¡εûܵս
ӶԸǡ
ٵȺۣ඼Ҳǽֶѡ
Ȼƽ֚Ϻʮֹڻ裬ȻǲǧĹϣͼЭһ涨ָͳΣ˳֧һǰ;δóΡ
Ӧģµȴֻڿͷָϣʵæս̣ƺӡˮ
ͬëµĺҰϣҲܻȥѼԡ
ںﳤױߣҲԪҲȺ֮ʣһ涨һ̶Ȼӭܿǧ˵ġ
ĹдһϣԼȻûٱģְ֮ʱжֲ̣ʲôȡĵĺܣڴһ޷
дһϱĲãѾսĴӣ˷е飬˵˵ص԰¹㣬λʵġȫš̬תΪƽϵʱѣΪֿĺġ
ͬǱϳŵǰδһ涨Ȼͬǣóû᪹ܵڵĻӭ
һ̫һ棬Ҳƽ־̫ġ
óڴѼҵİ£ϵʮҺ壬ȻڶʮҾȫܵǳҰȥͨ籨ʾҳˡ
ǳҰֻ˼ٵӣ߱ˣȥκвǹ˵Ȼη֮绢
Ĵε½ɨð嶪ףŷɥټ֮ƽ֚ΪϺ̽⡱һֱǼ֪ͨûʵʩϿѹȣ˺뷨ʮӴ汣ÿǳڶԸ˺ͼǰ;ǣȥޡ
óæ˰ҵ֧ߣûκֻܻȥͶ룬⵱Ȼûôʵ֡
Ϳ԰¹ΪмᣬṩԮдһϺǳҰҲԱǧԿѾ֡
Ȼ˫̽Եչսʱ԰¹ѲڣȺ󳷣һ涨漴׷ᣬնķᵫԾҲ׻ҡ賿ǰ԰¼ҳڱˣڴеǹӪʮļ󣬽ųϮз󣬻׽һ涨ս

յϢʱƽ֚Ѿʯ˼ݣȷǺˮҲа취Ӧ
ڼ䣬˻Ķ䣬СģͻɱѾ˳λߵ˧δͶս
һȳҹɫγɹ͵ɣƺϮջľʲֿ⣬Ƴɳּʱ֣۽Ǳ󳷡
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սʼѾһ£Ǳ˴˶ţ粽ѽսľ档
ʱεˮλû̫쳣ǡûǵ㹻ĳ̶ȡ
ʤʱˮƺù
Ȼƽ֚㻨˱ȵ˶ŪҲɲóˡĲԶֹзԻǲġ
ˮΪĲʧЧĹһ涨óֲںˮ֮ȥơ
ӵ˵Ķȫûа취ȥǵѰ·Էӡڷ⡣
˵ȴÿ춼޹˼ɵسŴ׷
һֱѮۿˮĹҵĻѾȴַһţ˵ǡ¹ݡĸطֵ꣬Ȼؽյԡȯֻ׵ҵǿ⼷ҡ
ͬʱΪ¹ݡҪ֮һĸҰɽǸ˵޷ԭڽʯʳͬ
սңܿӰı£Եѩϼ˪ƽҵŵһĳ
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һνһεУƽ֚ھӦԻҪ
̽紫˵֯ﵯõȵ˵İΪŵʤĻڣ̺ӪȨʹ͸й֮
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ʮգ˫ھսеλþͷ˸ı䡣
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Դǧ衪Ѿýƽ⣬̫⣬ʾʣ˶ᱻ۸ͬԼЩΪҵԭѡǻٴ˼Ҳ֯ﵯ򲻵ʳ
ƽ֚Цú롣
ûúﳤ׾˽°󣬻ش⣺ȷʵ֯ﵯ򲻵ʳֻҪöʿпܻ򲻵ʳ㹻ˡ


ڶʮ עһ
Ѯ˸ҪũյʱڣڵոһѸٽͣһոҶÿ̫ԽԽԽԽ硣
磡
磡
Ѫ˿һƣľ㼪̲ס˺ü磬ƺʲô²ҲԼͨ졣
ȳʱģת۱㵽˺ľµæڹ񣬾Ȼ˼Ӽ·ǹ͸ҵԭ
ľ㼪ʶס·°ڣżЦЦ̫æˣÿ춼ĿҪȥӼ߰ݷãһʱû˵ϡ
ʤע⵽ʱʮֲλϵķδ̫ˣпŽһ֮޵񣡡
ûûСľ㼪æ񶨣ʵæýմ˵أһûعˣͶޣҲΪһڼеƢҲ
ǶΪ°Ůô֪ػʤȻǴӵ۾Թ˼䣬Ȼ·뵽ʲôң߼һһȥƤëʵϲ˵ʲôʹܲúϳشë̺ҷ϶òϣټ㡭ٺ٣岻̫аˣ
Ͳ˼ˡľ㼪־ܾȴ̲ס硱һȻԡ
ͳȥҪǲգǾǲӡʤ̬ǿӲذë̺ͬŵϡ
Ǿл⡭Ӵͦġľ㼪һĲˤ

ʯԶ֯ųӪ棬ҳصȴš
ս֮ϵƣν˲Ϣ䣬ֶġ
Ȼ֯ų״̬Ҳ൱ֹ۵ģǰ˾ҽ˵Ҫ˼ˣ˵ʾˡ
ľ¡˻˺ü˼Űųȳչͼ϶ػ˵״̬ǵǰųԼͬƲܽܡҲڵ̫ݣʲô⣬Ū½ݡ
Խ˵ѵ˯ˣʮƽûʲôرҪʾ飬;ȥţⰲĵȺ
Ȼ˴˼˽һ顣
ǰͬŶ꣬ϵûкõ޼䣬ֱ̹Եĳ̶ȡȴͻͽ˴˲ˡ
ΣĹжѾƽˡһȨԣ涨ȡõĽչ㹻סƽ̲İֻ֡ðأΣǲûзӳκáľ㼪ҡͷס̾ϢһΪǶһΪأôܣֱ˷ҵĴʱ䡭Ȱ͢ˣ˵Ѽҳ֣ɲôס
ΪһȨ־Զ˹ˣһΪǹ˫üȽӹͷƽ̲δҲ뵺뵽ƫ֮أȽš֪ˣǰ԰ʮ彫ͨ
ţǵ֮⣬εҲΪƽ϶Ĺƿι̣Ǳڵľ㼪ɫӵ̧ͷĵֻټжʧ󻹺˵ô˶͹ƽ̲ǱиҪأ
ǶĹϢǲ˽⡣ǹ㷴˼ȥΪƽ̲Ĵε½δֱϽΪʱδ졣ǲܣʵΪҲ
˺ˣǡѾҲûа취ⲻʲô¹һ壬ֻǣƵ˶ѡʤҳοպսֲʧˡ
Ҳֻô죬Թûʲôõġľ㼪ʹҡҡͷһֵ֪Ʋߣʲô
˿±ľµǹ·ԣͷȥδܳɹƽ֮Ĺϵ½ЩʧأҾĲҪۡ
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̫ˡľ㼪ţȻڼȫ֧ƽ̲ϰǧϰӦѽʮˣʲôʱôһˣ
Ϊҥ˵ڴսȡʤͻ֧ǵľȡڵĵλǹεؿЦһ¡
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Ҳġʤζɺһ䡣
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мƲ߶˳ľ㼪̾ϢˮҲҲЧ˵ƽֱ̲ʯأ˵˼ǧ̫ݳˡ
ˮ˳ǹӹͷҲ֮еġܵ＾߳ꡣȥʮҲֻжκֶѡ
Ҳ֪ڸòøǡʤʮԥüƺҪ˵Щʲô
Ҳ޷
Ȼһ˻Ƹɬʮﴫ
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ľ¡˼˾õǣȴ¶ֺװݵӣ°ʩ
ųһ֣أ̴ֽӵźС£׵νˮյ֮ơ
Ŷˣԭˣˡѹһֱе΢ĲЭ֮ˮļƣΪ˸оѹǲòɱδǹɫһϧƽ̲ƺȱ˸࣬Ѿǰ͸
ǵˣҺ󷽣̼ҵսҲʧˡľ㼪Сؿų˵žĻ϶־ȴ˿˥ˣһźֵİɣ׾ôܵģ
ǡųζһЦµ׶գٽƽֵǹעһˡ
ޣô˵ǹעһ

𡭡Ȼк֣
ų˶٣΢ƽһϢ̴ִӹˮ˼ڣ۾ռͣƽмƣȻáȲϵҲ޷֮ڣд꣬ʱʤ
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ľ¡ȻȫܵųֹĶ־ģܹ裬ˡ
ȻܽһĹ滮͸á
۰Ͱ͵ĵȴһ
ųȻָָķ򣺡衭ҹҪ֮½


ڶʮ ų
Ԫ꣨1573¶ʮһ賿
ڹ֮ȡ
ˮĻ죬ǡ裬ӵй
֯ĬĬվں֮۾ϤİıӰԶȥʧҰڣǧȴ֪οڡ
߰ǧŹǣеļįһʰôҲֹס
էδù䡣
Ȼ֯Ҹо᪸Ϊ龫ǣꡣֻ֪СɰϷѣЦý
իˡȱûʲôΪΣŬЭʵ᱾ĩӱܺ⣬ϸ΢Ӫ조ҺŬա
Ӣۺܰ棬ص׳־ڽԶ˷ֺ
ϳǽ򡢸ҰҪͰ䣬֯һ·նԡѪ˺ʦ壬Ⱥ۷ʢǰ֯Ļ֮⣬Ϊˡ
ڲ֪ʱû
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ߣ֮ͣؼ¡
ɣĸСӵ棬뽵
³ɣ겻ңԳ͢壬ѣƽ̲֮ƺˡģƽ̲ܵġ
ֻƽ̲Яڶ֮ʱɱǳСѾһЩ׼ǣ磬ǾԤϲ㵱Źٹٶ֣Ȼһٳܡ
֯ڽһսתΣΪ˲¡ĻҪģĪΪľ¡ңäĿδˡȷʵǺɵҳЩһֱ᪸ǣͬͬµˣžǼƲһЩ˳ʱֵΡ
ƽ̲ȻںȪӵ˹ΪζܺվһأΪʤ֯ϵľꣿΪ͢ǣΨһԭжһǲԸܵǿߵԼǳм붫ֱ֮ҷǿȺ۵˼΢仯еĵ㵱ȻһʱᣬպһҪǣûܰæ

ʱ꣬ѵһθ棬ûκ˵Ľ̸һԼ֯ų˵ĳĻ
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һۣ֯ұ棬Ϊϸڶ̶̼֮ƺ˲٣Ҳһʮֲ쳣˷ܡ
һǰ·Ҫ˷ŵĲȻ˵Ҫӵսȫκϵơ
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ղЩףЩ˽֮ףЩܽ˼黹ûס
ƴÿһֶԺΨһˡ

ʪģˣǲ֪ΪʲôرˣоҪĳһĲƶҵľ㼪˷ܵشУ£Ҳıϧ굾Ұ򡢻ҪͰ䣬ϧʱڳһжӼɣ
֯ﵯһսȷɣһԵǹ㣬ҲȫճǼػֱۣǼκսʱľµ֯ҵһԱڿӡԽǰȵأ
Ҳǡľ㼪ˬʴЦӦʲϸŶԣǾ֯дս
ûʲôֵôģϷϾճꡭʤҴҡڵӶ
ҼǵõսУ֯ﵯĵˡǹ㲻ʧʱزһʵĻ


ߡˣСЩ
ʤֻܹ״Ρ
Ҳû˵еĸŵȥ·ֻúܣ˵Ĺ򣬾ʿһСͨˮġ
ҺˮҲѾʱ֣
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βɱЩˣȻӳͷǴ󶼼ΪعעŲµжʱѣʿҲ߱Ϲٿ£ʶ
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Ŵ賿ſзṹطͻʮ;ǲ˼
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ľ㼪ո߹˸ţϴֻΪ˹ԼǹûþҪߡˣʤҺԶԶƽôˡ
˵ǳ׿ʿȼԶʤ˵Ļ棬Կ˷ĻôǧĬĬŵıŴǳڶܴ󽫵ĽźԹԵط½
߸ľƣԼ²䡱֮ͨ͡£֯ųźϵؾ㣬֣Ȼͦʿ䣬һɹȥĶ顣
Ӧñľ㼪Ҫֳܶ࣬ƣȴȲʤҸҪǿ֡־ܾ˲ͦأһһʵᶨغǰУʮг˼ʮꡱĴʵ
ͳβţƽ񴨣ȡŨƣ㾩ңȺ·Ƿգǰ
ٳ֮ڣʿ˵ϴһƣʥء
ųԪ֮ǰͲϲڳϰ䣬εβŸûм̳ȨĴӡΪ飬಻ͬݵ人˻֡˵ÿ鵱ĳκͷʱȻԮ֣Լޱ߷ֵȥ˼ҵĻϴԴȡ
Ⱥͳ֯ҵhĸ¡
ڵսУųǼƺǮǴŲǳǰһǰƻ˶֡
ֱͳһβ֮ѾϱҪ־Գˣδ²ŽʧǼС
hȻΪٷӦӶŹؼá
һٲӣҪ᪸սҪռоܼС
ɾǾˣǲü䡢Ũ̶ֳȡ
ξꡢʤˣܾҪʮ졣
ųֱĲӣļ¼졣
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Ȼƽ֚յ֮ƣʹ˵ˣɻ̡̻֯ų³˵õϢһʮǧȵﾩ٣˲òĤݡ
֯һΪƽӹıǻ˸ܴ󽫣ʮռָյò
н߰ʮԼ82ɱžݵĶ飬Ҳһ賿ðŴɺǰ
Դ֯ųŲɡ


ڶʮ ֮ʦ
ľһǲҴֻòˮʾˡ
ô죬ɽȵ
ӦõģӦõģǼŸʲôϽľѶҺȡѽ
òãҲϢϾǴϹġ

Ӫʵնʱһ
ɽε̾һƿӣָս͵ҪõǼǿ䱸ʵû취ڰܷͨһأ
ľԪÿ֪޹⣬ֻӲȷʵǺѣô˵̲ҲֻǾдѣûͨڵȨޡ
ǵȻҶ̲˿ɡɽ˵˾ڲӦĵĹٻȻڳһſɬѵоܹİɣǶ󽫷˷財ҪжҲһֻܻѲߣյϢټᣬҲȫü
飬һ˷ķͷͲҶˡľԪ˰죬ʩԹּ̬ȻӦɽʵֻһ޲žߺѧʶ˶ѣ޷κӦжϣֻ֪ԭԭִѣˡ
ľʵˡɽη½⣬еΪѡ
ԣҲΪѰľԪҲݵڵأȴһֲá
ɽ½ΣΪһʵĸ߼ǧʯ֪Уָһǧİʿƴ󽫣߻жʮ˽˲
ľСԪβũҳĴƽϿǹİʮʯڷͷʱʮ֮˽Ƕʮ
ǵλġ
ǰաһĬ̧һףںͽϰĬ̧סǱҲ˵ݴµͬ˰㼶ѡ
ӳɽڡýһϵҳͨլſΪףܴ󣬼ãһڽףϴųصʷܲĻıڰլų֮
ľԪǺʵġβԭӡֵܡǳҰܳһЩϵҲһǰи졣һ˿ô־λģʵռ²Ĺ뻰ȨǾɺӵġ⡱
ҪִֻҪһ䡰Ͱ䡢Ұʱôģǰƿԡ
ɽξԲǸнֹξϵˣûǸһʿðŴŢѲأǵԼӣǿѹסġҪǶǰλڵͬŸеɵʵڲԸ
ľԪҲδôְأھҵֻǰҹӵͣҲӣҹð·֮ﲻԹ̲ˣֻŽͷһˡʵбսǿıҪ
˫Լģؽпּ࣬ۻһľԪߴǸСݲ죺ɽ£ǼҴܵҹӱ󲻹˷ģѵʿͱҼҴ˸Ҫ𣿻˵Ʋ̲˵أ
һľԪŭغǳ˵֮˵Щʲôأ
ȴֿ˻
ɽֻӲͷƤʾȻˣ裬ɫ΢һ֮󣬱Դ˳ӪѲӣܿ˰ɣ
ʵڲ˼ľԪЦʩһȻһ治ƽּҵʯ󽫣
ðɡüһʮɸϽȥ֪ͨӣŸʲôϹ𣡡
ɽָɣذƢйϣĿõ㬶
һ֮󡪡
˿ϣȴԹصķڵ
󽫣ʮͷʮĿһʮͷһǧʿǿ˼ɢɢɿĶ飬Χɽߡ
ûС̣Ƿ׷еȵ
ʲô
ǸЦ𣿡
귢հɡ
ʪܰ
ȫͣ
Ӵ˵Ҿͻˡ
ЬӶѵðγ
ũ񶼲Űɣ
ǰΪɶ

ʱĳ̶ѾתСˣҲ粻һƬֲָڡ
ָ۽ģعൽɽζеŭǧʯʿҲʵʵˣһ
Ǳ˱ǿųģ޾͵ȻƵĶҲ
ɽĨĨϵˮɤţɤŽеλз֯ﵯǸóϮˣǱȥɺӵҪضѲأڿʼҰͱսˣʲô滹Ҫ˵𣿣ǸʵͿˣʱҪ΢е־򣬾͸ӱֵһ㣡ˣдıߣҰĸҵģ
˵ͷԱ󽫡ͷǷʩ
Ҳ֪ЧΣٽͷӶС˺ܶࡣ˾ܶǲ鲻ԸûɵģҲʵִֵ
ôƽ֚Ƴʱĵģ¹ڱϺ鰲ŶӣʿĶ־ִͬʱٱҪ΢ǿһ
ھӣ챾зٺ»صĵλҲڽԣԼ·ϡһΥֻܻصԭݡ۵ѾںȪΪĵĵˡ
ټϣɽһϸϵĽ죬ָӲ̫ͷȽϹҲϳǰӵһ
ȻҲȫװˮһһǳؼƶ͵ܣʿҲܹϽŲ
ĿǶǰر˵дŵĺۼȥرطӦ֪ǷµĶ桪
ɽһͷŲд񣬺һԾĬĬشǰߡ֮ĻûУΪһһǿӢƴɱжǺںڸеġ
òɽóʶȱ㡣
һʱľԪɵõ˵ͷֻǱšҵ鷳Ҳû˼ѶѣһеΪƽּҸеԺˡ
ֶȻСһ㣬Ţȫû׵ذ߳ӪʣӦѵõľ˰ɣ
飬ľԪѾ˰죬عȻԼǲе̫СˡôǿƵƽϼţôһЩ֮أӦø־һŶԡ
Ȼ֯ﵯҲǺöԸˡ
ľԪûоöԷǾӰû֯ҵֱֲ֯ʲôִβŵţ˫ʲô֡
Ҫ˵Ļʮǰƽϸ֯һ˹ҵķء
ҡͷԵ߰˰Ŵȥ
ȻһתȻӶ޴ĺɱ˴һ


ڶʮ ·
Ϊʯ֮սĺսѾ˶ʮաʱ̽Խ棬˫ٺһߵĲѾ˴Ȼû޷뵽󷽡
ܼƳһ11ˮܴ϶λֵ֮ġ
ļ̌꣬ͷ¿ּϹؽ˿ڴ꺮ĸУ֯ųԽܵ˵һоǰԤϵܴڵĽºʹ꣬ĸͬص㲼ɱƣȻԴֵεĲӣڵͻƿչж
δšĿ϶ʦǧδɵʱţǿԽʯΪ¡ķɮԺǰ
˴ԭӦɵ·Ұڳһʮ˰פءһ꼫󣬹Ͳסص˯ˡ
ʿЧ˼룬ҲǾܵ͵㡣
ʯߵǻһƵʵĳڣɱ˹עû̫עһƬ
ֱƽֱ֚иеһ˿ǣڸ鱨˿ҵ֮ʱ˷µ
֯ųʾɹӿڣٲ⣬Ұãһķк޶ЦԻƽ̲Ϊϡǽ֮ˡڴ˴ҾϮ֮
Ϊֹб˺©żȻϢľ㼪еɭȣʲΧסȥ·Ѳ飬Ը˵ɱһпߡ
ر춯ѣʧ룬ҪֿȴϿףߵ;Ҳ̼ȫûʣʮɪɪġ
ľ㼪֮Ҳһæرȥ
֯ųɫ죬̶Цԭƽ̲ǲ֪ǲ֪ʧְ֮ȴҲھ
Ȼս׼Ͼտ²еоڣ
ľ㼪ԥǡɾض֡
ȻΧϢƬ̣òӻָװٳһ㱻ˮ͸ĸ伢
ӪկǲܵģҲû𡣵ʿǲδʲôԹֻĬĬԷΪλۼһ
֯ųһ֪ǧڣǧһŽƣĽԲ֪ǵӻɢ
֪֮
Ψ֯ųЦԻͰжǧ׳ʿӣ
ǹʱ緢Ȼ൱ֱȡ
֯ųҡͷʱ񴨱ڣȴѶƽֽδ˿ɼ£ɾο
οĻû˵ڣתʼʩòʤҡ¡ҰҰɡʤǰغϷϮ
ѵһҳͣǰ֪ýɽ󡣴ƽ챾һƱ޷Ӧ󡣶һ֣ɢȻʿҡ
ȻӦŵ
ʱ꽥תСɫѾܹ±ǰҵˡеĽʿ֯ųָ򣬺Хȥ
ȻѾɹ˺ӣ·̣ʵȻǺߵġΪʯĺûκģ΢һĵ·ٴĳˢ׾ͱһ״ء
֯һɵʿǰҲƽء
һ·Ψһϵĵоڷһٶ·ˣδܽϢй¶ȥƶϣ˴ϮƻӦûûб¶
ڶʿ͵ͼ໥֮ԡһͰ䡱໥衣е֯ﵯһս˵ɣڼĽͷͻŲɡ
߲ǵȻ֪ƽ֚عű󣬲δ©κ㣬ԸԪһκܲһ鲢ûбҪȥ
ʿǴűʤкβأ
ʤҴ뷨һǰ档ȻѾѣľȻ˶㲻ϳѾ
ϾѮˣôҲܸСӽ
ڶɺ·̫鷳ѣһƥûʤ־ƲϽܲҪ˵̧Ͻӣƴ֡
ľ㼪ǹǱ˵ֲ㹻ųҲ
֮ǰ̽УʤҶǰ߲Ȼġһþ־˫ȣһ߼оķλ롣
ܼƴԼӲһ㣬ӦþͿԹнɽεӪأϣԷȱܹһʤȻʹһ߽ڰ߹ߡôӾͿԴݶɺǰַӳϵơ
ֹ۵ԤڣʤҲžýŲ΢ӯһЩɡһǧǦ½ٽǦĳ̶ȡ
ȻǰĶĳ롣
е飡
һۼױԶԣ棬ȻëֱϽ֪ͨѯӦԡ
ȻС컹ţʱҲǴ磬̸ã֧󲿶Ӵ棬Ȼܹ˴˱ϳ㿴ţǵҲ
ƽһδǰ͵ϮɳѲصĶ飡
ʿǼ֮ĵˣ֪еңΪԼס£ͳ־䣬㾫Ⱥ
ʤҶʱʧɫֻʲѣһʧȴ˷磬Ϊй¶˽ƾͼƵȦףذɡ
˲Υоɴµ뷨
ϾǸսɳϸʤת۵öˣֻһСǿʹԼϸ
һɻ󣬼̶˿ҲѵЦ
ԭǰڡĲӾݼңϡ裬սȫޣδӵѾǺһеãȻǰеʶˣеվԭز֪롣
״ʤһߺһɱУͷ̫ǰͳ塣
Χױ漴ӻԾϡ
ڡͲǿӵȵȶòϣǹҲչΨаױⲫܵӰ٣ʤһȣǰͼѹ֣ʵʮְȫ׵Ӧˡηı
ƽ־ȴƺһ㣬ٳûн֯Ӧԡ


ʮ 
ɽεĲȻǿг˺ӱߵƽأȥִСѲء񣬵ʵǶԵ˵ĺȻ֣Ȼûа˼׼ġ
Ĳʤҡ¡ʤҰҰɵˣΪ֯ųսܹԻʤѫʹͣһ򰵵ĳ֮УҲʹĪʧܡ
ǾǾþɽҰޣŵѪζһ˶ɵǿ
ɽԼһɲ£ȴѾþûдӲ̣ϰ˳˳ˮظǿѾʰһ²еУֵȼ㡣
˵Զһ㣬ǰΪóЧʱȻתսй꣬ȴҲһֱûе񲿶
ͳһװʱľãĺڣ׵ıϡЩƶȵĴڣõͷ˺ũɺϸˮƽľˣܹ˳µսджһӺϸ㣬澳¶һǲ㹻ġ
ɽԣͷƽ̲˳ᢣʤǧнṩǮϣʹðڡƬ׳Ͳ֮ľеնĻСͯΡԼҼΡﾰ桢ɽһᡢٹ̩˳еǺαȥģ
ȻԹѵڣȻ֯ﵯȻǱյˡѲء񣬵ǽʿǵ״̬ûеɹûôŤ
ǣȻ֮ĵо·꣬ȻǲֻʴңãȻ֪ˡ
δսȥ˾
оô˺ˣһðҹϮӲƴϽ󳷣Ͻ󳷰ҪȻ⣡
𷴶Ե
ʲôﳷ㿴͵أܵÿ𣿵һսлᣬ㿴Ҳǲִܹģ
δǱּۣ
ԷһҪ͵𣿸Ͻܣͬȵƣлǣ
һģ
ǴҪѲذ߿ɵص㣡ڵоѾɺӣѾʧְٲսߣô
Ȼ䳰ȷ
Ҫϰ㿴Щʲôˣʤҡ¡ʶɣҰһףԸºܴҲ⣡
С
׳գ

˴Թ֪߸սĻҵУǸɽζ˵ϵʱˡΣ죬ɫҰףãȻ״Ǻﺬʯͷһ֧֧죬һҲ˵
ؿŲʤӼٲس
ȻеָѾ͵͵ںˣеһԾӭսĸƴһŲ֪롣
ɽҲԼԼһսֻǲԸ⹫ϳ
޿ɱ粵ˡ
ӿտգ޷Ӧһźò׾ѳӭս֮ԥֱ˳嵽ǰ룬ֻҧأ˼һӭȥ
ȻһʿͶս
Ҳеԭ岻ηġ
ԼҪ𣿡սĻܲˡǲʤҰǸܿµĲʤҰֱ֮Թ
ɽʶԼӦʧݣΪջ𣬴ǰ档Χ֮󣬲Σ֮²һ
ȻողŽʿսҲܳϦĵͷԸѽ
ºﲻý
ԺһƬ֮ʣǰеʿѾŰƴɱһȥײѪ˺Ѻ߲ҽе˲ӯ
ȻܵϮʿԶ棬ϾǵõάľӣЩӢܳסս֣
ɽοƺѾòֹ̫ۡ

Զ֮Ϊ˼ݵģڴͷľԪļʶɾԶԶüҾɽɽˡ֯һϮ֮ȫ˳ͷβĻ֮Уȫ򶨲
鵨ѣѪɫ̵ֻץסĸ첲ţ״εزϱĳ޴Ĵôô֯ðꡭϮʲôʱɺӵġˣʧְɽ²Ƕ֡鷳ɴˡǲʶɽʧְҲʧְѽѽҪܣ䶨ˣº󴦷Сһ˰̿ɡ
ҵǣߴǸճСӵǺеɫֻɨһۣңѸץסľԪĸ첲ϵľҪ˷ʱ䣡Ͽ콫Ϣر̲ˣͷҪǴҲ߲ˣ
֮˵ҪϽܣľԪ˵ͷһججǡǡ
ûʲôǣ֮ʮּٴδϣǳҹӱɹӿڣǰЮɵһսıʿԷľݣɽƱҪܣǰײ˵飬ӦøϽ֪̲ͨˣ˼Ҿϲǣ˵Ծʧ
Ѿ͡ľԪȻЩԥ
ɽڴסǼʱͻ鱨֮侲飬ɽ˵Ͱˣ
ðɡľԪڵ˵ͷֵǾ͡
ĻԺ˵֮ɵصδϣҽס˾˫ȴؼߣûиٴοڵĻᡣ
Դ󣬵λԸߵӣǱľԪ࣬ﱾͿյãȻûκ⣬ֻ֪Ĭظ¡
Ļ֮ռλ˿ûз
˵ιι̫֮˰ɣľԪһߴһ߻̲סСӡСӣм١ʲôţ㡭ӣ˵ܿܡܳͷذҪҡʮſҸϲˡ
ǿקܳӣٻ֮ԼҲЩۣͣϢһ
ȥѾȫоûиˡ֪ܳȥ̫ԶǱߵսѾ֪ɽһǧôˡ
ֻܴӿУŵޣ˲Ѫζֻá
˼£ϸֱ棬ٻ֮ˣʱݶϢӰѾӣǾȰϢر̲ˣⲻսºܹؼԼ˵ҲǸ¶Ļᣡ
һ仰ãЩ⶯


ʮһ Υʧ
Ȼ֯ﵯǷҹϮ˵վ֯ﵯӵϢƽ֚΢һЩȣĸпס˼£ҡͷ϶˵ɽҪˣôٹ̩ҲԼ֣óӰķߣǶ԰ȫɽˡ
ǰڷͷľԪſڵսսκζ·춯˼·ǿɵ
ܵþƣߣ罬ڸǰͨ졣
ԶСȴҪ򶨳ŵöࡣ
һٻ֮Լܴ󽫲ŲæӦӣǰ;еֹۡһ棬ҲеϧȻзϮ֮ڣôϻž㲻ú۵Ĺˡ
λƽ֚΢˼һûмŸֻعǰ⼸ѯһ顣
ǣľԪͲ̫ݣ˿ܵĳľս֮£״Σʲ⣬˰죬Ҳס
ˡ֯ﵯ󾩡ȼ֮⣬ʲôмֵĶ˵
ϳʿһ¶ң֪룬ѹûʵ
иͷ֣࣬ޱ߷ӣȻͷ˫ҲڲĿȴ̲סƮԾԾԣеţ»ζ
ľԪĻش𼫲⣬ƽ֚쵽˼˳𻰡
ʿȻӦŵεضһ̲ˣֳúù۲һȶǴӸŶɺӵģλãӦþս治ԶԼܿüˮеһΡǹ֮ӦǰΧ˷£ƺкܶβ˺Ũ˵ǸŵɡϮӵĹģǧǧ֮䣬֯ﵯʿϿԸܵ־ϵĻ⹥ҷѲӵĲӣȻӦȫǰ
ۣƺûȫڡ
Ļа˺ܶϢȻʮңһЩʵƲֳ֮ĻԭԲƲǸ
Ȼδѵһס
ƽ֚΢΢棬ָǸͯӾѯʵ˭Ǻ֮ӣԺ磿ʲôʱ¼Ҿ
أһ㶣̶ϲ°ݵ¼ٻ֮βŰ֪ʿҸ䡮ɡǰȮɽҰأ֯壩һᡣҰر֯ﵯȫҾֻܰϼũȥľԪŵԴӾ
𣿡ƽ֣֚һϷֵЦݣȤζʵ˵þβţҪϵ˵Ļڷǵõɣ
ٻ֮ԥƬ̣ӲͷƤĸ˵ľ㼪Ĵʶġ˼Ƿй٣ȴûֻ֪ܵġ
Ͷˡƽ֚˵ͷʣϲʶһɵģ
ɣûӡ󡭡ٻ֮һãȻ֪
ľԪæǰ͵⺢ұֶӣȥ˼ҵֿ;βլҿǸ̵ϣ࣬ʹæ
ƽ֚һЦ˵˾˭Ҳġ˼֮ûټƽϣǽָǰڵٹ̩ŴɽǿһЩӦÿ˳ִԤļƻԷһӦ˱ǡ񡭡ҪҪأ˵Ͼ˾ͻԡ
뽻ǣٻ֮ͬСǹһ˫۷ؿҪղŸϢʱ䣬Ѿ㹻ϢˣˮڼСѾ
ľԪſ࣬£Ҿܾأ

֮䣬ʤѾ
ʤҾʿӣʵûͻǰƴɱ
ϾͲСˣûô嶯
ֻ侲ǵŴӵ֮£۲ƣָʿȷá
սеʮ˳ѹûеҪһߵĳ̶ȡ
ԷСɫ͹񶼻ͳһľװòʤҶеˡʿֳĶ־ҲֵóƵǣʵĲսĽ
Ϊͳӽǧ˵ƴ󽫣ɽμûеһʱ󳷣ҲȱƸ۵ݵȴԥ˲صӰ졣
ʯ֮ٲһСģĺսԶĴȫʤա
ʤҿԵĳȴ׼˶Էߣɽʧȥսǿһٱʿ֮Ͽ
漴ȫ߱һɢɥ֮Ȯһ㱻Ǳ׷ɱ
ƽ־Ƿǳ浫Ȥ顣
¡ʤȸԾԽսԽ£·ʹһ֯ųҵĸо
Ţض˶ģ˵֯ϮǸƣһʿͷĲֲһ㡣
ĺӰߣҲδƼͼֻ̤ǲϱɵ׷һ
;ѹ£ܵٶȲһ죬ʱ򷴶еŲأмˣȻʩչ޵ֿİѱ¶ȥȡ֮
ηܽǺеġ
¡һȡͷϼ׼Ȼ󽻸װʤҰҰɸնΪҳëܲԭСҲն
Թƣ˲ƽ־˾ͳ١мһϳɽεõܺ͸Сʮɡģ֪иߴ˰ʯʿ
緢ɱ׼׷ʱ
ʤȴˡֹ
ҳûκɣ䵽˽Ϊǰôؼʱ̣ͷʲôãЩͽȻӰжĶˣ
أ˼ëܲԭСŵ׼ӣߵˮߣӽˮ
ǵǼϣͻľѲӣΪѾƽӴĻᣡɽӵķȴʱִѰнʱ䣬ǾСʧ󣡡
ɤһĺʹ˳Ⱥͳζ
ëܲԭСΪʤҵֱĹͷҲǲκλġ
¡ϽѧŲʤҵӣ̸Ͻ׼ӽȥϹʤԥһ֮Ч£ҰҰȻ˵ƽһΣȡ˼ĵˡ˼ʮӣʮǿͬĶ
ǰĲʤңһջ
˸Ͱݡ
ֻüıղ˻Ҫʱ֪ͨˡɣҰҰȥ֯ﵯ˵սˣս
סǣҰҰһ㶣Ǹмʩȥ
ȻʤҲ§ס¡͸ʤļпһ䣺ѧһ人ʫ˵ҵĴ֪һֻݵĸǿ׳ġ仰͸ǶλԼԼɣ
ϣֱָϷʿǼ
Сʤҵδ¹ΪǹϵüʢɻҡҡͷҾԱϮȴǳӴܣЩ֡
ǰʤҺȻһ٣·仰ܵ
Ҳֻͣһ˲㽫ҵԺ󣬹Ų


ʮ ľ㼪
ʤսȡʤ֮󣬴ŲӼϣܿ͵һɶǧ˵ĿӪءԭɽפõģյǿʱ˴󲿷ˣʣһСرŷӣ泷ˡ
ӪʣµԼʮƬ׳ʮ֧ھġڡߣϮӽɻ
ϧһƬŢ̲֮Уᡢִ۶ϣҲȫ˴꣬ܳ߶ڶͶʹá
ʱԼʱп̣ʮ㣩ңȻգɫ㳨ҰܵӰѾˡҹʱʼֵĿ籩꣬ʱͷԽԽ΢Сˣۿ֪ʲôʱͻֹͣ
Ҳ˵ʱпָܻжƸ۵ͻϮжȻ쿪ʤȻա
ʤһ뵽ͼóԲ·Ȳˮ˲еƣʹ޲һ̲ͣ
֯ųյҰҰɵĻر֮󣬺侲ɽεķӪԭشϢʳľ㼪еɭˣһȥѷսʱͷӸ滻
еĽ棬СʱĹ
ͬʱҲòȼյսȴһ㡣
⣬ľ㼪һ󲿷ֲǸhڡĸڳתսعУչ˺壬ġ¹󡱣۾¼ܡִҳ϶ȣҪһЩġ
ųȻԥ
ʿںս֮еڡ
෴Ϊʿںս֮еľãŸ򱳺ĵڶһʱڿ˷ļˣļˡ
ηʿӦþĶԴһĳϣӦͷ˷ġ
ʤҵȻɡ
ǹֻĽ۹⿴ľ㼪ıӰҲ˺öʱ䣬ͶԼһ뾫;ܶԴһ֧ھܱ߷ΧԵúȺֱ֯hںĸڵı׼һǾȻˡ
òסơʯȣҲ񷨺⽻񣬶ȱսˣľ㼪µƺڡԭԶԶҪ˵޳ëܡԭᲢˡ
֮䣬ֻǽı˳ˮۣΨһȨλϵϰ
ʱûȡ㹻ϵǹֻ䵽˹豸ӦӶɺӵ񣬿ȥһжһԱֶӣϸ¸ոϰɻġǹ֮󡱣չӲƽֵġߡҲԵȡնˡ

ľ㼪֪ڱĽϡ
ʤ¶Ҳûǹôϸ˼ֻһ˼Ҫ߾ȫȥǰѡͬǰʮһһĲ񵽼Ѷյİ﹤ӵᵽǣ̴ӣʮٺ»ͼʿ֪ʯĽУһһûκ༼ɣΨѪˮ뺹ˮ͡ûȥ䵱Ӣ㷢пҲûйұ١
ֻǻţѾҪƴһˡ
ľ㼪Ըȥ˼һЩʵһ㣬ֱһЩ⡪ʿǷӣϢõװǷȫãԼսûʲô֮һġ
ƽѧҲûƵĽ죬Ȼа취ΪĽ죬Ҳǲ䷳ϸ¾ˡ
е˿ǺڣеŽɵеԸ߹ĳ̸¾ֹӮģеƾϵĻԻʤ
ǰӦľ㼪ʱȴͿֱ࣬ͦ˱һһ߻ͷѲԼĲӡ
ոµĺɫȻմЩˮ忴ȻʮۣʤΧͬţԿ󣬲̫ΪǸۣһüδһֱڳԻҵĶֻ
ҵĵҲ֪ƷСǰģڽһٹһ൱ƶնʮˮƽˡϻûмѪ֮Ǵûȡκε˵׼һͨᶼûС
ȥǵײˣǲ֪ĸһ
µĽʿǣҲôηеϱᡰӡӡȥģûûСĽţŵڳĽ˵ʵû
𱰵ĳƺȴ͸¶ǿҵикθС
Դ˵ľ㼪һ߸ϣµġˡһϲ¸ĺֵܡ
û뵽Ҳھ¹ĴսϳͷϧС磬֮ġ
н䣬ľ㼪ǰҰźȻпһ䡣
ţΧƺ󴶡ԭڽɽߡһȦ˷׷׵ͷʾͬС
еǷʤľɲеͬУβšŨ֮ܵشռɽΪˣˮܣʵۡڸشһԪĴ£ǵδǺģҪô׳սҪôӲдĴ
ľ㼪˵Ĵڸı˵ˡ
˷⼤пĻľ㼪ͷС磬ȷʵϧˡźһЦҵǷӰ£²ֵ룬ҲûãЩǵǻԶأ͸¶ǣսʤ̣֯ﵯܻȥǣִƺڣλΪÿ˷ָǧʯԲ⣡иղ˵ģС磬ԼսֵܣǵĺҶˣʱһӵʿӵܣ
ʱ˷ܵԸӣ
ޣ̫ˣ
˵ǧʯһǧʯ˳Ȣ۵С
ϢڿǺõطǮȥ濩
ӹȻףûпˣ
ιι˼ۿҪִһôкӰýкˣߺ

ֵյУľ㼪΢Цʱ˽ֲ࣬˵Ӿڽգλͬģ
ܴѧ˼ʣȻȫû֯ųƣľ㼪ĺһõ˱ĻӦ
ĵˮǣҲԼΪ´塱սʸ
ʱͣ֡
ľ㼪ѵطһС֮ԸԳǰĺӰ֮һƬȱӪʡ
ȥĿ;ᣬ·ƽֱ֚ӣܹغӰأΪڻɽѾʤһ˵ڶôĺӰ߾͵ڱܴݶˮȡ൱̶ȵ֡Ȼ˵Ӯѩѭչֵڴġ
Ͼսϣ֯ƽָԵıʱվӵĵЩ˵̬ȿһҪúòǡ
ǰӦǼٹ̩ɽȣ٣оҪӦһЩ˼ʱ䣬ľ㼪򵥵ػһǰĹΣѸԴ֪ڶ棬ΨһģǾǰ֮ضѡ
ľ㼪ڴ˲ϣ


ʮ δȫ
ٹ̩ˣŨիû֮󣬱һֱ룬˲ã취ϹϵʵƽϵĴ֮ϣ˵ǽ޵ˡҪȻҲںƤҼٽ˸ǣǿνͬڡ
սɳ¸棬ξȷʵзԣ̳ˡͬڴ硱Ĳֻ֮һʱ䣬ߪŲӣϳ¡ȻҲЩͬ죬ĵ֮󣬱̵ĸӡǣʹ·Ȼһ¡
һӵҪҹϮٹ̩ʶҪԣһ£ͷԸѲӰϵ
ԴʿĲ鲻Ըȴֲа㵢顣
֯ųѡȡĶɺӵص㲢ѲȻҲκ״ٹ̩δȫȻǳڶܴƽ֚Σа׼ڽɵ̬ơ
ȻһԳԱĴߺ䤱ظϵˡɽβ⵽ͻϮĽϢӡ֤ǰڡ
ͷǸľԪΪ֪ǸûбƢֲһֱ˹βϱƫƫ̬Ҳʲô£зǡԭɡԶ֮׵಻Ը֮ʵĶ
˹¹죬СӦţԴɡ
һޣҲѷܡ
һòӱ֮ݵˣҪĻˣֵÿڳ䡢˼·ֹ壬˲øС
һʣβˣҲС١ģʿҵ䣬ûգںòҹϵ˵Ҫǰ̡
Լٹ̩ϲһϽԸ¼ǿ׼սһС֮ʹʣҲϸͬ
ľԪ֮پΪɬò׼һ˲ţôһðҪأĽΪ̹֪ԼĵλͲʮޣ޷㹻ʩչռ䣬ӲҲֻǵˡڶβСǰ;ǣʹ¶
ڹעĵļٻ֮ȴ·ԳͶĸ޶ãɫȻκηϻϽѵԸӦԶϮʮֽҪ£һҪضԴ
⻰ٹ̩üвãѹסҲɫӦ˵ģɽҴܲ²⵽׼ص޵ġͻҶСıţ㿴Ҫˣƾ֮Ƕۣڴ˼ضʱܲ⣬㹻Ԯ
أٻ֮ҡͷ˵ǷɳԮһδʾǳǰΨһǿһ㣬ҲдֽϵǾ仰ղҲӦÿˡƽּҾһĿʤ˱ҳ¡սܺܽʿ£ָص㣬׷ս¡ܿܵķ򣬱ߣ֮롣Ӱ˼ӣҪӱ׷𡣡
ٹ̩ȻһϽóղûϸĥľ飬·ꡣ
ϸŵľԪѾ˵ʲô
ղ˵ģǡƽּо䣬ȴûʵִйһĿûʵִеԭǡƽּоƽһ·Ǵʤʤûʲộ̸׷εĹ̡
ûִй˼·ȴаܴ󽫵һЩ˼˼ûԳĿǲǰָӹٵжϡ
ٹ̩ͷˣµġ
󣬱ƽ֚ɹ֮˵ļӱУȴиС˰ص˵ͷ૵Ҷ⿪ˡ

ľ㼪ɱڵϮӷ춯صĺĥͻɽ֮ƣŢĺ̲ݵϣҲֳܳһǰ̬
ͣΧмճӪãأʵʿûôӦͱû˺֮УʧӰ٣ʬǶѹòԭΡ
ľ㼪緢ν򣬴ʿֱȡ̴󽫵ľȥɽȴӣȡٹ̩ڲһǰǿ׳˵Ҳκˣ
뿪ЦĻһڱ񲻿ɵһ··Ⱥвˣɱõзʿŷɥͷܣò졣
ֱӪУĻδʲôֿǰֻʮ˿ŴСָӡֻʶӣľ㼪ڿʼòԡٹ̩ӦһǧңôѾ򵽽֮ˣôˣ
ǲһսת˲Ҳܿɢݵĳ
õӪ֮ڣôʿܸлĵֿ־οǱΪɽǿĶأ
ףթ
һˣľ㼪Ըֹֻɵ󴶡ԭˣʿ׷ȽŵзӪʵĵźöΣ΢չס󣬲ǰ
ȻƬ̣׷Ǳء
ԭǰдС֣м磬ٹ̩ﲼ˷
׷һһ֧ɱ˸ֲԭתˣȴֻ˰벽нնɱ
ľ㼪֪ǳΪսѰһ䣬ֵͼзСΧͷ
ٹֱ̩أӸ£֧𶯶ӷ档
ô˻ᣬľ㼪˵ݻ𡪡ȥģ½ʿ˵ʲôҲӲ
˾ԻܻͣܳʪЧ
ľ㼪ȴЦ˵źʡ
䣬ͻӵֱԵɹ۷ϡϡӼ󣬵ȼŨҵĺɫ̳˳űСϵƮȥ
ʱľ㼪صؽ͵ǰ᪸ǵľУ֪֦ܳյòңĺȴǺܴ󣬶һڱȥͻʮܣڷ
˷׷ױʾ
Ժڻľ㼪˺üˣȥŻɽԽԽŨҡ
һӣٹ̩ʵܲˣòˡ
ں裬ľ㼪Ҳǹһŷ涯ֻʤ޵׷͵нףСʤǿʧܡվ˺̲ԽӦಿӶɹѾռϷ磡սʤ


ʮ ´ҵĿձ㵱
ƫϲĹɽϣǵ´ſǧӱפء
ҹ죬·ѾٵļսûӰ쵽ǡ´ҵĽʿȹԺƽʱ⣬˵ڵȴŽҵնĻ֡
ǧ䣬˵´Ϊ֮ۼֺ֧ϷĻ̬ȣҲھ²ܴİ
ӱս֮ǧ˾ݺסһͷѲ⡢ȱսĵֹˡƽ֚гֵñأֱ·ŲʵĶߡ
̵У´ſֻֻǳһͽＯģʳƽּҴӽӪʶкڡȪطĴæǰյƽлȻ˵ǹɵսʵȴñڼﻹ
˵ȻҲͶұڳµĽӴս˶԰Ͻʿ
һֱũæʱڽӽˣ´ſڹҳǣ˵ǴҺòΪ´սʸһҪĿѫҵ֮ȥǵõ˴˵Ͽɡȫ޲Ħȭƣϣտս
ǸĽġ
ڣ˰¶ʮʯҴӪУ˵´ſĶԳ˼˵˼룩һ⼫򵥵ţͷҹ֯ﵯʱŴϮɽΡٹ̩󣬲ţռݺ̲磬֯ţ߳ϲӶѾɶˮڶˮ;ˡƽ̲·磬Ҫ·£ԮҪ԰ս֮ɵо
˵´ſһϳּڴеŻεĸɫǰ˵õʱڵˣ
ǡʯͷȥԼ࣬Ȼ֯ﵯ磬Ҳиõʱˡ
ˡ´ſȻҵı飬ϧһſھ̲סĻãϣôڵ´ҵġϾΥ˸״˵˼Ҷܾãƽ̲΢еⲻȥ
ʯ¶ʱһʹ
ûطڣֻܴȻȰ⣺ƽ֣֯˲㹻ռ䡣֮ǰѾǿˡ̬ȣǽȻ෴ΪڸڿԶ˵ϧˣ
ȷˡ´ſҲ֪ǲףˣסصͷȻɫûʮƶġ
״ʯҩοѵˡٷ˵պƽϵ£ƾǵ´ͻΪЦ
´ſʱǵͨ죬ŭڣİ𣬳鵶ݺն̨ʹǣ˵̫ˣƽ̲֯ﵯ֮䣬ǻеѡ񣬵ƽˣҾ֮죡
ôϳƻжʯøһЩ侲ط롣
ˣʯʦ´ſԥʴ֮⣺Ͱռƻʱ䣬ȴƽ־Ͷвӣʱһ£

ʲô÷ƽּҴʹëͨϵļⲻϵس鴤һ໰ֲ֮ҳ˰ֻܸɱرԹһ䣺Էʱǲɰ
ˡҲû취ʯɷнµؾϹǸϾԱ˷ܷʿŶܹȥǰߣ֧˲䱻˴壬ǲǷ˸ã˵æ˵δݡ
ף³ףëͨαʾܣҾȣϣץʱ䡭
һһʯæԸҵۣվŸʲôϽƽּĿ׼βˮİȥȥ
ëͨû취ֻʳ֪ζƷŲ㡣
ʯȴæųȥš㵱ˡ
ԼһӣëͨͲסߴźۣҪȥʯ³֣Ǹ˵˼ղûùһʿֵûףһ˺óʱ䣬µõģٵһ
ëͨ˴ŭҲ̫˰ɣô̸ֵͼĴƽּҵķУѾնʾˣ
ʯЦǸǸûʲôĻڵˮƽƽּǲ˺ԶģȫᲢۣ̫Եʣһﱿﰡ
еֲЦˣ״Ŀֻ˻ſû˼ֻǾ𣬲ݵ鰡
ԶԣʯСװͷһҵ飡ƽ־ս֮ǿйһһûģûǣһԴ֯
ĿȻֻܷܱտڲԡ
ʧˡ
ֹԼӣȻٳٲëͨⲽãٴμûðɣ˵ʲôҲҪȥ
Ǳ毺á㣬ŮӵͯڵϣЬס治˼Ӳġ
ţ˺ð칦򣬽Ҫʯüͷ¶档
ëͨûʣŰɣ
㵱ˡʯʵش𵽡
ëͨϲǻϽ
ҳںζʯͷ˶˵ʱԶԵĴֶǽܲģЩˮ󲻺ζĻһ̵ģ
ҡҡңëֻͨÿҪ裬˼ҡȴ֪˵ʲô
ʯֵҾô˻Ҳһ룬һ붫սȻоʹ봦Ͳס޷鹡ǿɲʮ˲ʿİѾ
㡭ǵ´ҡëͨƺáҡֲףֻˡ㡱֣ɶ˵
ͽȻɴһ˫Բ۾ָָʯɫ죬ؿö֪˵ʲôˡ
ֻһ䡰ƽ̲һԽյΪġĺݻ
ʯΪ⣬дʣϾǷˣͱҪԷܹ̣ؼ޷Ȼģ˵ƽ̲㹫ˡʵ۱Ҳûı䰡ֻ½ˣ
ȻԱһϤɤ
˼Уǲ֪ûã
ëͨЩãȻ
ʯȴͬħֵлһ㣬˲ɫɷף˫һ̱ڵأż򻺻ףͰ͵ؽгν

ëͨҿþòʶʯΪǸԲˣǹپصĵ´ҿһ˲ӴҲ֪ˡ
ס״ˡôôˡ´ſ֪ĺȻ֣һֺ;Ĵ
Ǻǡ´ҿϸºƣ֪Ϊ﷢΢Ц˹Ϊʱѵ´ҵλóȥԾˡǧĲˣסҪȡϵҪŬ
ȻһŲΧѾƾҴΡñֵܡʤϢΧ


ʮ ˼
ʯ󰶣ھʹ˼
˫·ļսѾ֪´ҵӱƺҲҪжƵġŨȴɲ¡
ûʵʵȵĳŵƽһҹҲ޵ʱĴ㣬һֱŰ
ֲгֻ磬ǰ;δ岻
ǷǳġΪһ޹λʿʵ̳֮ϣȡ˷ǵһϿɣõϽӵЧңͨ׹ϵңŨԼһһ͡
ڲʤҡľ㼪ǹ˸ţЭ֯ų֮ǰܵһΪοĵڶʵɣʵӰƽ֚㣬ǳ֯ҡ´ҿ֮ϡ
֯ųسڣȫ˼еθ֣ȻҪضԴ£һ
ⲢʹĲתҲ޷еǡ
Ĵά־մݲȵ̬
ˣɻֳǷ˼ǹأӣһĲ֮ʱЦڳƶֵϣأ˳̾Ǻε
֮οЦͣʱȻʵȴĻ̹壬ԾһɳĻᡣ˿ȻȴǴ޵ʱʱķա
ĸ֣ŵ˵ȥ
Լ֪Լ£κףµƲ٣Ȼڲϵȫû˳ԶԶûγɺʱ򣬶ڣֶֻܴܴӲ̵ġ
ȨƵλվҪ顣
εȨƵλҲǽɳϣһ㶼ȹ̵ġ
ǰȻ֪ңԭΪԳûȳԴΪΧĸӪнֹļҳ
û뵽ƽ֚ԶϺȴǰºüһʱ֮ǰ˷ֹĴ
ʱòڷһĻ䡣
õľ㼪һԣܲ֯ƽ֮ҷԴȡ
һϵݺλҪĻȨ͵λ˼붫
ʯûٹ򣬱㿴ƽ̲ʾΪֶΣҲһԤԲߡ
ûϵ֯ų˺飬ȻעһҹɺǿϮȶԷǰнϵľս
һˣܿԽΪݳԽ֮£ľ֮١
֯ﵯɲô򵥵ˣضкС
ķչξ͸еԿ͸ˡ
Ϊ֮ڼȲ֯ƣҲƽֻʤ˭ȶ˾ƣͲٴڴĿռ䡣
ǰ֮ѡ֧֯СԭǱľ㼪򶯣жϳǿиɣʵ顣
Ѿ뵽´ſȻ֧֯֪ӱǰǣƣԷƽٰ֚ܡ
ֲ˵ˡ
Ҫƽ⣬ͱھȷ鱨;׼жϡɳ˲Ϣ䣬ǰ߲ȥҲôˡ
αȿʼǣ˶εİ취
ʱ֣ԵĻӦ취һׯɣ

սһ䣬ҲԪѰ跹˼ľ޶ż
һ־һٴУոЦ棬üؽӡ쵹ǸУϲŭ޳ԹŮˡ
ڼҳǻ⣬ûʲôԹģֻصȴվ
ɣ־֮ʿҲܲµ
ǰҲԪ׽ƽ֚Ĳ̲˫ǰ;ںҪƶġ
գ̲ǷܹȡʤǿҵĻɡ
ҪԭǱ֯ﵯҹܱƸ۶ɹʯ壬һԭԶݣʶ족ĵ
ԭΪƽ̲й˫ȸΰˣԼǽ˼ҵӢۺܣԾµڶһɨڣսʤвĵˡ
ڸоˡ
ǾͲ⿪ʼ˼·һҲҼַսȴȻ޷ŤתƣղҰܣôƱؾ⵽㣬֮ǰŬܻһҪصĴء롢ֻʶյµС
֮ɴӦԣʵ㹻⽻ռҲáϾ֯ﵯսȡʤҲ̫һսºڡ͡Ȫ·ĹأƱػҪֲˣ˵߹ġ
ô
ôϰѾ
аǧˣΪ׵Ĺ֮⣬Ƴɳļ׺رҲռ˺ܴһ֣Ǽһﲻ֪Ϊζ֯ﵯʮֳӣȻƽ̲Ҳûɶ飬ȴΪӲġӥɡ֮һ
Ҫ۳ɰܣ֮ۡ
ҪȻɴӺ涯֣ȷˣ鷳Ѿˡ
ҲԪҲûжΣյͷ
ǸôԲС
һƽֻʤƽճ;ѵ˱ɡ֯ʤԼҲ󻵵ˣպչͬʮֲ
Ͼô˵ֻսĻպ취ϴףԲġ󵹸ꡭϴ׵Ѷδ̫Щ
ҲԪĴ֮󣬾ԶԶǰڤ˼޷óۡ
ʱɲˡ
¶ʮƳɳֽӵ鱨֮󣬹Ҫ·ƶͼ֧ԮƽֱͬʱǳǲҰԱΪȷֳǿпӽͼ
ѡ·Ѿڱеĵز
սǱܣѣǵиˡ
ǣƫƫʱ򣬳ҲԪ׸⽹겻´죬ȫӷ·տҲ
ֱ֣ⷢҳΡؿšɣ׳ɡеطһɼҳѾļ٣Ҫܲס嵽ǰʱ룬ѿڵǳں̲ϣҪס̲˵
̶һ仰·ľ˵̱ڵϲס
ʱȫû취ȫ˼ֻʶֱȥжϡ
ƽ̲֯ﵯȻ˽ܣǰ̣ϧëʮģκ¶ҪڴվסŲʩУԴȪعڣӲʩôѪ԰᪸Ƿ֮󣬲СͳΡ
֯ﵯȻҲܹע󣬵¿Ҽö࣬вôΪһ·βšŨھ̬޲ɱѪɺӡ˰ԱҵƺͶԽѹȣʾ޼ɵ·ԡ
һҪѡһĻȻʾð
ʡֻǿװҲװװҪõöࡣ
˵֮ҲԪ˲˺ܶ࣬ͬʱҲԼеԼʧȥĳЩҪĶһ״꣬΢ǳ޺ۣȴأ޷ѹ֡


ʮ ʤ
ʤشɽΣľ㼪˼ٹ̩ȻֵǹźӰһݵ㣬նɱԼʮб
ѾõѾʧصϢûйʵʵȴ
賿磬СģսĽǣиߴ߰˰챾սһ֧ɢʧȥƣ֧ܴ˰ˡ
Ȼ֯ռ˺ӰҺһ˵Ĵ𲽶ɺǰ֯ڱ
ڼ䣬ǰ߽ʮ֮⣨ҲǼƽֱ󣬲֪ǳʲôǡǲԸ뿪ȥһҰսȫûκγļʯεռ졣
ԴΪģΧǳΡ´ſҲԪףȵһڱǻǱΣͶսС
һзչȵԤ֮С
ƽõķбƣתΣΪʤҡľ㼪ǹ޲˸߲ң죬Ȼŵҷƣ֮ѹƲס׷׿ʼǷ죬Ƥء
ΨϽ״̬֯ųֻǵһЦο֮ת˲ţ̸˿뵡֮⡣ֻ侲վʱϣ죬ƽ֚ķ򣬼ԼĻ﷢һЩָ
ΧһЩСֱڻȸԾÿŵԱＤ
ƽ̲ôղ֪ͽˣ֯ﵯǰŶҳ
˵ڸݳɪɪͷأ
ѾˣȻں󷽰治βųȥʿȫǳ谡谡
Һܻɵô˻ֱϵġ
ŶǰķУıưɣǰ˵ƽ̲˵β˵˵Ǿˡ
˵丸ʦȢá̫˷ˣ
ǰˡľ´ˣϵǣ˵ƽ̲ҿǳ־Լ
ȿȣе㡭޳㣬С
಻֪ߵغ񣬸ûƽ֚Сֱڴ˿̸ָ㽭ɽȺۣеǾˣеǽˣҲβ˵ġ
΢곤ˣûðɣֻǰڳϣֲ̫Ψб
֯ųˣȴǹһЦͷ˴ûƽ֚СӲʲôûҪٴУȨټɡʮǼĶܺãǽ̫һ㣡
ľ¡ԭǺܲ޵ģǱȴֿ׷εرʾĳϴ
Ȼһת֯ųֺȻɫһ棬Ը˵ǧˣб󣬲ȴҪСֶԷ¡ɫȸ٣ݳǸѰ۴Ż֣
һ浱˵ֹһֽذСžνսӵˣսӵˡˡ
ʵ֯ųǲġ
Ͽƽ֚ڸݳܱߣȫԮӰߣųΪϾҲδء
Ͼҹɺӣɹƶž棬ȡȨݳΧסҲԻʤһܻ޷ȥġ
ڴ֮ǰȻҪݶȱѡ
޷յ޵֮ǰսι˺ǻũôѿܽӷŴԵĺ
潲ƽ֚ӵȪԴںҵȦʳݵ㣬ֻҪټһҾͿԲսʤԣзյѡԸӰҲ˵ùȥġ
֯ųη壬ȴҲäĿšƾԼֱڶڿ˷ƽּҵĻƣ˸ݳǵĿԲرҹִ꣬＾ǲ̫ģָеڶΡ
ǣԽʤϣһ档
һʱ֮󣬵ʱ̣ϢһѾ谭ƽݳ֮£ؾչ˼̽ԵĶ䡣¡ɫҲѾɹߵļСϵȼ̻
ƽֱ޳ӭս
֯ųϢǰԮ
ʱսر˵´뿿£оֻвһ벿̬ƣδж߶ǳһӽһ·ƶ泤Ҳʱûֹ̫
״֯ųڿЦ
֪ʣųѵõĽ͵ҹɺӣȻδһٻȴչʾҵľ⡣˾ԥ֯ϣԭ֧ƽϵԥһȻݳǲˣֹѣȡ¾ŷʤ
⻰¶ϧųѾٽˡ
˼ֽսˣʩ
ʤұɵ棬ӦǳͬʱȻҲҪȷսⲻߵĳҲ˲֧Ԯݳǡǳ֮ľ͸ˡ
ǹƶ׼ȡʵķʽӭӡ´ſĲӡܰԤԼɹʹ䵹꣬ƽּұǰȥԴ˺зʿ
ľ㼪ǰδͨǰľƣһ󹥳жҪǡŨӦǸʶʱ֪ˡ
֯ųԼһԸݳڵƽ֚ʩѹ
üŹ³ǳأҪչʾλھ̬ϵƵλһȥӰģսǣǵһҪ
ܷһٿ˸ǳأؼĵط
վƽСһﻹЩСģһپͳ״Ҳ̫ʵ
ųһüָʾΨһԥǶԶӵİš
ƽ־Ȼ˱أǷбҪ֯ںԷһأӦǰˢһսã
뵽Լ״ֿ˿ɫ֯ų˾ϣԸ֮ĲӶɺӲ빥ǡ
׵֮ųŸݳǵķһ뾩᪸ǡСɽݣ֮УĿҡҡͷڳְƣɫһվȡ
һ˲ҡҡͷԼգ̫Ѩ˰죬Ȼ͵˫ָֻۣɱ״̬С


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ҹɺʱЯȫûƥУ֯ųͦŲѲؼӣɾ˶
һ·֮ϵԼĹľɲǴкʤϢشȥ
ųĬԣʵĸԣȻʲôŽأ˷θĻ
ֻǴݵ滺赭дؿһ䣺ɣɵòüҳܵޱңʻòѡ
ǣҪŬı޲֮ʹñѷʿͨ죬ҧرžľ
Ըңɵˣ¼вƽƽȴɣߵĺõչˡ
ȻΪ֯ųʲôƻĵΪڹȥʮξбֳηͷΨͺͶʿ˵ػ
Ӯþĵӵ⣬ʵʲôѽ⡣˶˵ֻ־㣬֪Ѱˡ
ôĴ̳ˣе˻η嵶⽣Ӱ̫Σն֮е˻ܲ˳;оͿ棬е˻ũ쵽һʧݣеĻᵣεײ˲״سеĻ֮˷ʤʵ˵λʱ򶼾Լʿ֣ͬͬȻʵǳϡ
Ҳгʿա
ѾҪʮ֯ųȥ˺֮⣬ȻͬʮǰǸ緢һһǰ˲òӡ̡
ҵ߶Ա֮󡪡֯ңĸ󽫲񴨵ȱڸ޷⡣ӵиĵ㣬λͬ׵Ĵ微ʤһߵ֯ŰȺս⣬ʣΨһŽĵƽ֚׽˺Ȫ˶нԶǾơŨβŸأ෢ĿľɲǣѶų쵼ѡ
֧ʿǷӳǿ־ҹŶɺӣŻԷӵʱһأԵ֡
ƽ֚סڸݳ±ŲսѾˡ
ھֻܵΪֹĻ˳Ƿ֮ս泬ʮ͵ı׼ǿܿ˷ˡƹȥзҲ̫ʵ
ųеɥ
еͬĲܡϾǰ߱£ܱ֤Ȼ㹻ʿأҲǼر׵¡
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ȨĸǱǱڵıиҰսҰսлʤ֮ء
ƽ֚ҰսҲǷһֵȨ̡
˵ΪػϺ̽⡱ҲʮˣȻƸ곤裬ޡ
ֻ轫ΧʮգĹʹӡڵĸ˵Ҫҡ
Χһ£Ļڡʯɽһڣػ¿Ƿ롣
Χ£ǺȪ·صĹˡ硢Ҳˡ
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֯ųӪ֮УѲӣʵѾ˼¡
һҪưšźãƽ֚ǲǿƺǳУ´ȱ
ľ¡ǹȻǸĹҲǷĺܣʱܱЩ˸Ҳδ֪²СӿԼԦġ
ҪβϽŸʵˣ໥ĹϵҲøС֯ҴתΪͳƣ²ò·ȡ

ⲽǻãר˼֮ʱȻþ˻дѭȥſĲȻкţ漱Ļ
ų׼ȣֻüʵƽ־ȻսСӣֻȴѧϮġ
ʿֵ̿ƽ־ûֻǲӵ´ɱǴ赲סսˡ
ųʱһȻʧɫƬ̺Żָüҡͷ벻´ҵСӣд˵ȳǸȻƽϣѵҵ͹
δ䣬иȥǸ߼ʿģ˷ɳ۶ŲѵļǾիˣ´У´ſʯģأ´ҿ٣ࡢñȷ棬Ҿϣ
ʱųغź˵òһƽǧСܣβű۸ü꣬б֮ҲΪ档
ɫһתʣ֪Σ
իصǱߣƺҲЩԮҾǣƵ´û˿ãֻԭҡźδս
ߡųмЦհǰ˺ģνɫȲҶģӮ޷ﲿѾã֧Ԯǡ
ǣܹõ֧Ԯһټǰի˾ģųҲͷּȶ־ֲäĿֹ۵ľ״̬ʾͬ
ʤҵ˼æö飬УֻһӹʧҰڣ֧Ԯǹȥ
ݳµƽ֪֚£иĻᡣųΪ֮ģЩڴʮϣзܴзƳһս
ڵ´Ǳߵı仯ûйڷϡ
ֻԭԼõĵоȻı̬ȶѣûǵΨһָ
ֻǣôһͱǳТһòʹղսſԴﵽĿˡ
Ӧⲻ󣬵Ե͸ԻʷǰԭǳϺƽϺͽء
ȷǳӵĹģսս־ȻҪǿڳҲԪףҪÿʮӴ汣ЩƵˡ
˵ιȡս磬ҲԤϵе顣̬ȲӰս֣̬δƺ
ս֯ųѳˡҳϡ͡桱ĽǶȥ⣬żתֱµľ棬ȻԵ֮


ʮ 
ʯڴˮϵһԴڼϲɽأתں
εսϣҲԪ׾þǣվҪᶨʾ̬ȡȻĶ־߲ȥ˼ҳҲȫƽ硣
ǰ֮ڲĳͻȫȻͬ
ǾԺݣ˭Ϊά˭սºĹܷȡϣ˵ʿɷõսĴܷϿɣ
ʿһʼŻɵ˼Щ⣬ŵǹ־
ȥսУÿÿѪζҪ˷ܲ໽ϳĸҡеʤȵһʿվȻûһվһǹġ
سҲ൱ĬճԵա
ҲԪ׸оյĹ֮ҲʶΣա
ǲܺڡߡı̬֧ԮҳеĻֲֻ̿Ӿҵġ
ȻʿǣȻٲ´£һʱ׼㡣
ԴˣҲԪΨһľȼᶨԼ־ԼҳҪǰӰһۣûй˼ǳǱڵĹƣȲ̸ս£˵
ûгƪֻۣǼ򵥵һλѣ
֪Щڻɡ統꣬ҵһγϱɽԹѱǿϮ·ʱԼҾһ˾ѶͬҰҵ͵ʱ򣬻Ҳüҵвִչʱ򡭡ʱҲкܶ˲ҡڵǶ֪
ŻأҲԪ׵кɨȥ֮ҳ޲ͷ˼ҷʡ˿졣
ȷʵǰԣӡһֱΪòġԵ˿ᣬԺһϵѡҲ飬Ȼºǻõɵĳ֤
ڡҰиλΪһԱΪάϷΪ˵ٻս
׾ֱ׵ԣ˻һҳ׷׹ڵϿȻӦŵɫԼᶨ
սɡҲԪ˵ͷŻӶȣңңһָ鱨ѾˣϽպյ˫ͽҰԱ滹սܻľڻλΪΣ
жξ֮УϽŭĿԲӦͣ׵ĺӺͷɵƮһɱһɱһ˫
ãҲԪ׸ƵɳǿһΪӦֻǿءȴһҪѵǡǰ˶ӣҵҲѧһ¶˲áھ뱸ؿ總Ѿ˵ӵе񣬿ҵġҰǷѧĦ˵ľ衭

ȻĿŵĿӳ棬治ҰԱľظֶеԶѾĹƣԸӸԼ裺һأȻò裬ȴȱͽ
ɶϵ棬Žд㵹ǶǱߵսʮֹעЩҰѾʼжģǾĺ𣿡
ΣľزΪ⣬ֻ裺Ѿ˵ԶԷǰأзжκҰ˲ˣܸܲһͻɣ
ȫдʰдΪ޽̷ӦȷʵҰ׹ӣЩˡȻԽΪо֯ﵯжʿ䣬泤ҲԪײӦô佫
Ұ̬һ򶼺ܼ򵥡Ļ˵նͷһˣľصЦһ䣬ҡҡͷνˣЩǾ͹ϵˡ
ҿɲǻ⻰дüҡͷʱûп˵ģʤư
ôֱ˵˵Ϊдľһ𳤴ֵͬܣ޼䡣ǰͶã˲ֳͶǳһٶðأ˻ľԼֻ֪
ǻľһʵ֪ѺТߡ
ھд㡣
дɻ󣬻ľЦһЦİοţڻû¶κΣȵʤͶˣҪԼΪʤתؼֲգΪս˵֮
˵д㻹̫⣬ľѲٽֿͣʼע֮ϡ
ۿҰԱ˺ӣ泤ҲԪ׵˵Ķսһһʱɱ죬ƴûȣʮּҡ
ûʱˣҰԱ׷ȥȴ֪˼˵أԣһ
źǳҲʼչɺӡ
ȻһϢǰС´غȻǰʱ͹֯ﵯ
ԻľشϲһԾв豭˳ȥããã緢ץ̫Ҫս
ͬʱױ˵ǡ˹ݼ
ľȻһƬ̲ŷӦϽԸȻæӵĲ룬ҴҲɾˣı顣
꣬˻δȵ
ֽ飨ľصͨƣ˵սЩԣǳֲȰɣǱиԲߡ
һɫƣģûУ䵶ֻʿױǲĥʿТߡ
λ֪ѣľͷһЦץסԷĸ첲ҡڣϵٱ˵òսЩԣǳһȰɣ˼룬ֻһӿԱסǰ̣
ޣТһϲмӣãļƲʲô˵һ꣬ŤתǬ
ҵļƲ˵Ҳʮּ׶ľع֣һ߽źѵĶ䣬һһ䣬ǻԲĿڵǱǣ塪ڡ
ʲôТһʱûӦ
дȴ׼ãһԼǫ̃ʣʾףǴӼ֧ͳĹˣЮ־֯ųѣҪ볤ҲһлΪǳ
ܺãľ緢ص˵ͷɵǳ͹
Тߴʱ׹
˲ɺѪɫĲҰס
ָŭĿŻľأŵ飬촽ȴǶµط
㡭㾹ҡǡʮꡭȻ
ľɫ˿Ϊ֮赭дҡͷԵΪˣٱԸͶţһƴݹҵҲҪڹ˺ƽ̲ǰסǰ̡ĥһػΣ
⻰Тʶ˻ľһ˰죬Ȼʧǣ޾ɵ𽥵ͷֱۻ£óĬ̬ȡ
ӣǱŮһ㡣
ľؾ׼˴״ΡֻǼϣɵòģԸ½Т


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ۿһʱҾҪҹƽ֚Ȼû˿չս˼֯ųòʼǰӪկʿ顣
Ȼ˵ܹҹ֮жɺӷϮɵǣҲܳסˮͲľ¶޵Ŀ飬ٻʿսһˣΪܴ󽫿϶Ǳ뾡Ŭġ
Ƹ۵ǿϮǲɹʵĳԡ
ԭΪз˧е͸Ͷֱһսȣ͸ǳغȪͼǹ߳߼
û뵽ƽ֚һֱڳΧرҲΪ⣬ʼհ
֯ųûԤ׼ԴҲȫ򣬴ûвμӹսʿǾ͵ȡģ֦ںԸߵĵطѰƽأֶһ׵ء
ոߵӱߣעϱסˡ
ˮٶȣƺǰһ¶Ҫ˺ܶ࣬мɼѵľɳƮˮλҲһЩӦнĸźܵںƮѴ۶ϵıԵ
֯ųееǣü˼һ¡ɭװȥһ
ͬʱ̳ˮеľ鿴˿Ѻۻ£˲δõӣǸûõḺ́ٵӡ
Խ˲ˡ
Ƭ̺󣬷¡ҴҸϻ˵ʱ˴ӻصˣ˵Ƿ̵ĵʤӶḽŭ˳ҾעʩƻΪҹֻ꣬ǹ̫أǾ͡ĵ̰Ӷٵˮбµ֪¾ǰɭǰ׷顣
ԭˡų˲жʶ˿漴ֶĳҳеʮֲŭ壺ʤһ¶ɲãǷ
¡ͷֻδš
ʵʤˣǸȽϴͳʿȻžһ㣬ǻƴġȻƴЧҲһáȥ칤ǾǼûҲûκλԵġ
ԭų̣ƽֳġû뵽ԷΪ֮ԸǮĴݡ
һʱ䷢ֽʼޣûûӵĺųͰѴ󲿷˻ֻӣˮ֮²֮
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֯ųôŷ֮˵ͷһתЦһԺˡ
һʿس嵽˵ĻȴҲ޷ˡ
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⻰֯ų׻ԭ˰죬´һϳǰ˽ԭӦľ㼪ĲҲżȻ¶ˡڴȻǺġ
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Ϊ´ҿ侫εı˶ȴںңսϵľء
ǳһǧ˵ʵϳ֯ƽ֮ĵɴǲòȡĶ
ǹǰȥﰵŵڶŴ˴ˡټƽϴɱ¼º̲Ϻأ֧ԮԿëȵȡ
Ӧģƽһƺû£ǳ
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һ֪д㰡
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֯ųʩչܾܲǳһʵȻ󱻸֪ľ㼪Ѿŵôȥˡ
⻰ųеջʮοǰעеƽ֣Լȥ֧Ԯľ£ȡһϣ
·վ޷άֵı飬߳ŭƿڴǳˣ갵ҵʱ򣬲ǺóıԸƽ֣Ȼܣ
⻰ʵڵ˴ҵ
Ҫ˵ľ̶̼ʱ͵ͽļһ֮ӰԣǴ¹˸ԣν˲֪˲һ󵹸꣬٣ʵڲֵþȡ
Ȼǳһܣ˾Ȼ޷ر¶ô˴Ե÷ǳ޴ˡ
ʲô˵أ
ųҲغͱһֱʮֽãսаԼ󷽵ı㱩¶ˡ
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òǳ˲¡Ȼ
ܲûðɣŭأ
ų̲סáΧı͸סˡ
һ׷ö񶾡Ӻͺɸֵʺǳ汲Ů㷢е֮顣
ȻиҪǳñӵʿǰͷĶ⡣ΪǳŲ֯ﵯġ
ʿǷѣһͻתʮĶ־
ֻ˾ãֵȥΪǳҶս
hҰҰɱҧгݵ˵սǳ˱Σ֯һҲһ䣡
ųͷˣͬҲǣҲǡ
ٲԶԶδսȴֻľ㼪ͷήҲı˴ӵ̧
æһʣ֪
Ҳͻľлǳ󲿷϶ãܶҲ޷ս뾡취Ҳﲻæھ˵ҰҰԱյ·ҰʺҰֱ¡ɥشˣǳȴ´󲿶ӣһںױԳˡڿ¡¡
֯ųһĿҡͷ
ڵãȥӾԮǳˡ
˵ǳ˵ٶ˾ˡҲǲ⡣ҳ϶ȿɵ¸֮ڶ࣬ԶԶֹľأһ걳ѣӦʱԱΪϣʵȷѡ
֯ҵǾֻеǻķŭˡ
ҰҰŭСǳȫסֻʣԼҲûʲôµģ
֯ųոջΪ뷨еͷۣȴֻܱʾ޳ɡ


ʮ ̲
ݳǱĶݶ¥ƽ֚棬ǧﾵԶǰսٳһԲ
ֱĺɽϦ£ڷ֣һ̾
һԲ
վȫ˼ƽ桢ﳤסҳͨӻˮƵ籾šСгһ˼ֻԾԾɽһᡢֱǱ˹ٹ̩ɽΡţдĻ΢ϸТҡҰӣβ黳ͻҰҼΡľ㳤нżϲֲұֳĹ義߼Ԫȡ
Ѳ
ԽԽأֵòȶӦֻ϶׻ɫάɫǱί٣ϲͬ˴򽻵ˡ
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м䣬߼Լѻȹһ£ƺеŮٵ˼ȴ˷ѽ⡣
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һϣȻݲðܾ
¹ƽ֚㸺ֶ´ƮɣԨsţȻɡ


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ʤͷ󺹣ΣԥһӽֶüʢΣԼҲߴܵظųĲ


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´ҿǸԶϲŭɫʮִݵذӹѺƾҴΡñֵǰˣǱװźʹ̬˽ȴ˸߲ңֵ⣬죬ʴʡ
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ƾҴΡñֵԭÿ´һʿֵòοǰ䷶ǡǰ䷶Ѿ̮
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˯žֻ֢״Ϊ׼ļˣĻŵĶڡ

ʤһԼϾĿ֯ҵľӳǰһŷӦ
սʿܶʱѹһ뷨
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´ҵȻҲֵصˣֻǾͱȽɳûгϵͳָӲ㼶߶佫ǵԾԣƫƫɽ쾯ĸ˱⣬ڷ˼ͱɱǰϡͿ
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վų಻Զľ㼪·ԼҲеһ̱ڵأĿãȻʧǡ
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ǰһվ岻˵ҲѶ˽߾֧֣ܵչɱˮǰ
ʿ֯ų´Ҵ󽫱ʤָӵڱ䣬ҵսɳ֯漴ӵɢӣ಻֮ٵԾѳ壬һȥ´ƴͼһɱˣ޷Ӱ֡
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Ŵȴ˽¼ʱἰλ˵ǱˣĸдۼϧԼսʤ˾ܵĳɾ͸мӰɡ̲˵˼ǲӲ²ġ


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ͬǱԺһռСһְʷԭ겻裬˶ѡ˺ڽ顣ͼΪֱĽ˵Ȼ״̬ѣϾ˼
ҲͰˣҳֱһɣԭһɣͽһɣʽλ٣չʾƽּҵλ
ڼˡ
ɽԾ˵̲͢˴λϣԼӦΡ
֮ƽⱾ˲˵ΪޣԸµɴ֯С㣬˶Է常ԶԷ𳤡
ɻʹߣǰȥʾ̲˴˷ӦýλΪǡ
ν飬ȻҲǴλɵεĹΣʵʵλλϵĸ߼䲢Уһʿѽӽ١
ɽԾʾΪѣԻһֻоβͷҴͻʽ󸨣ߣתβ飬̲ҲعڲС
Ҽ״ϻ˵Ǿ̲˵ʽΣ
ɽԾܹȻСܣʽѾΣҪҪһʱǡ
Żҷ·˼òɡ̲˵ԴԺнŶְô볯͢ҲӽŸѡʹλɡ
ɽԾûɶ⣬ˬͬ⡣
ȥһ룬ЩԾ
ǰ˵̲˵ԴԺʱ򣬲ûϸȥ뵽˵˭صĥ죬ŷӦ˵갡
ǰϵһƷĻ־ѣ֮ᡰҶλãκʵã˵ĻͷŶ֣һֱϡС͡ıǩ
ƽ֚ǰԳϺûпģǲҪĿŵҪιĹְǺⰡ
룬롣

ƽּҵ͸Ҫһʱоȷϣֻܵšܲ˵δ⣬ȽСɣ
ӣϸТΪףҡҰӵ˴ԽԽµѣؽĻܡ
ڶʧ˴ԱĻĳｨͳһˡͲšڵʲôͲţһͬ⣬õ¸һԾŶƽ̲òġ
Ȼ󣬵´ҲľԼС֯ȵ˵ĽʹãҲ˼Ҷᡣ
ƽΪãֻһЩĴʻӦʾԼûоȨ
ȡʤϢȥҲ˶
Ǳӻȥ֮һֱװǳ֮⡣
ǷӦԽǰ֧ĳ־˲ƣֶ֧ĳ־սҡǰ˵ϣλõϿɣɽֲ֪١
Ǳߣ֯ѹƵı߽ڿüĻᣬԽƽּұʾףأȻҲЩεġ
ëڽͨԵϢ˼ʹߣصˡǳľġ
ܵΪųṩ˺ɮ£ܵǣǴͣԶǱӡ
ɼѣȵȣʹֻ˵ֻ˵ңɸ˹Եʺһ°ˡǱ޳Ī޷Ӱࡣ
עĿģƽ֚ȴսִ˺þãŴ£һѰų塣
ʮ칦򣬺òͨۻĹǶɸѡĽҵһͷʬ壬ֻܴϸڴǿƲ⼫пڶܴ󽫵ġ
ǲľ¡ǵ˰ų׼߲
ƽ֚㵱Ѹ£ǺˣֻҪܰ֯ﵯͷ­ʹ֮԰ϢԿһⲻ̡֮һǧǮʿͽʯ֪С
ϣַͨʽԱסջǵʹӷˮԼС
ͬʱͷʬǴںڵµĵؽѵУʱӡ
ƽ֚Լල飬ھܸ綼𲼸棬˶ȷϢ
ȻڴĿ⵱УյģӺǰִ֡
͢ʲôţĻкַӦйܲܵõĽﳼָδãǱ翹ҪҪ׷Щ˾ء
ƽϾֻǰȥģûָھ
ѵҲҪľƺе⣬ղ˵ɱ֯һŲܽͷֻޡֽǴȥַҵʱ˵ˣһжƽֵı޻̸֮
رһ仰ϸТҡҰӵһΪǷ˲Żô˵


ʮ Ͱ취
ƽ֚ٳûǰִ֣ԹﳼĴҲͳٳûȷ͸˸ﰵĻᡣ
´ҿҲԪףľأƳɳֵԲ˵Զвͬİ취ұ֡
´ҿҪǿҡûпڼеıҡ˵ǹ⴫ڻ˶֪źӸµ顣Ȼ˹㷺ͬ顣֯ҵŮ¼ǡԴɽ󡱣ϣƽּҿܡƽ⿼ǵ꣬Դ޷ܾĬĬسһ顣
ҲԪǼıġһչʾ˲ء裬˵һЩʵϲĹ۵㣬硰ƽ̲˵ҪԲʡ֮ġһַἰĹսԵ֣ǿԼǶһֱ֧ƽּҵġѡʱʸǽͷȫͬ
ľŬӳĻƣչۻᣬˡʫѧߡϵ۵УԼΪʯսʤͷŹؼȻ۵ʵվסŵģȫǴˣԶƽּҹϵܵĽڼҡɽԾˣʱҪӡ
Ƴɳ־΢սҲֻ̬ȶȱֵһѫȻŬҳ˼׺ءԼ൳泶ϹϵһЩϣϴݣһػ֮塣һƬɽˮǿƲС㲻ֻվסš
оһûʤԾӵƱ߽̣ΪλԣȻмͬʿһĴӪֵֻʶĹ͸ɮǽԼѪͳθ߹󣬶صռӵгĺϷơ˵ʲô뱱ԨԴƽ̲Ȼ֮ԵΪҵֹ
ʮĵҰ˶ʮĵһɫҪ빦
λй֮Իޣ׷װ˵ƽ⡢ﳤסƽ棬ҳͨ˲ꡣ
ˡǾûôˣֻ辶ս
֯ңһڱľӣ˼ҳȴģȥƽ֚飬֯ﳤҲίоЭ·ﰢȮͬӵżͬʱ֯Тƽɡ
Ͼ֯ƽϵʮܣµʹֶΣסûģܰһ桢Ͳ˳콲仰
ǳĻܻװ˺üûɶʾ˭벻Ȼ֣ͨһɮ˵·ӣʯɽԸµһƪУµ
ǧ֣ı൱űȣǰӦ֮ܶһ˼ȫǺТߡǳҰԱ˵ĴǳԼһ޹ƭİ
˵ߵڰ׵ĽƱ֮ʣǺܿЦġ
ǣʯɽԸתͲòӡ
ּ֮鱨ʾĥıεȻǳʾ֧֣ëµϲֱҡȴȻ̬ԪС紨¡ܵвò˱
仯˴סΪǳʩչ˸⽻ֶΣҲЩΪȨȵͣ˺岢һʸǿߣվڽĴһߣԷ̲ʧȥԡ
ҲΡȥʲôûпȥ˶˵ĺûﳤסƽ桢ҳͨΪ֯ǳһʱ£ԱеĵλΪһǣõӡ

ƽ֚ʱ䣬ǾѮ
ʱ򣬸ѾؼҸȥˣֻƽּƾںҵȦ룬άһҵġ챾սԵøͻ
֮׵ǻ͢ʹߣȨһڻˡλϣٽ̲ԭĹΡ
ְڡȻܸ߹󣬵ڡ޶ģ۶ͬʱΣȫִȣԳ͢ҲȽ
ͬʱеĲɽԾίȰ˵빫ǣʵȫͬġֻûбҪἰε꣩
Ȼƽ֪֚ⷢ˵νεָԸŮ׸ֵ̫ܵɵԴأ𣿻˽ڹλⱻִȨûص壩أֻڵزаܱĻѵĻϵϣأ
ôģƽ֣һȣµҲ̫˰ɣ
ɽԾʱ䤱ѹ޴ʮֲֲ˵ֻ˰ϻЦСؿ󣺡ЩȻöҪᣬؼģĻΪеԴԺ꣩
ƽ֚üװ˼˺þãźǿص˵ͷ
ɽԾڿĵػȥ
ʵƽּǰʮļһ㶼ʵ׳ϵһ֧ǷĳϣҪϺܴʺŵġҪ˵ĺˣ֤ݲ̫֡
κ˼ȭͷӲ
͢ʹ֮ƽְ֚ݷһĻѵ൱Ѿе־壬˼
ǵʱĹպֲˮƽٸࡱӦòصĸòŶԣӦǲ̫ˣ
Ҳǽɣ
֮ܶƽ֚ûоȥϸ룬ֻǰʾϸТҪΪЧҡ
˱ߵ֮ƽ֚ϾܾϵߺŵˣͶ˹ƽ⡢ﳤסƽ桢ҳ֮ͨ󣬴һԵĽ
ȻСΧ֪ͨȥ
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ųľ¡ֲܵҵָʾ£֯ҵĹϳͣβĿŨָ֯ﳤ桢ɶˣΪĻԼලֹ֯ٷͿ
Ͳ˳Զ͡һԱƵȨ԰ᣬǶղĹԵõϽĲΪ
δǰԽǰ볯־һֶ֧ĳ־и˳ί԰ػְ
ǳҪںТߣҲܼβĥػһҪɽҡ
漰ͨϲֱҶԱǰŶᦵռݲϿɣëҷ
ҵһЩСͲȫأΪˡֻƽ̲ʣݲɱ
һ桪
´ҿβĿʮʯصļҲ֯ҵľ졣
ľ򶫰٣ΪͳһĴͬʱ͢ʵĹλס
ҲԪ׵õĹʮʯɵأȫǸոմӸóΡһ涨ѵĹ˺ûյġ
ƳɳһϽ׺ؿػְҵʱǼھ޽Ӿס
߽Ϊƹ˾صȫûе֧֣һЩʷϣѯʡ
⣬ػԪػ߼˵ĵλĻϿɵģ˴ٴ꣬ǻָʵȨ
ȫƽ棬ȫҳͨƽںﳤסϸТĸ£򾩶Ļɽǹ
Ĺ˺壬齱Ͳᡣ
Ļ壬ʽ׳йоصĴ֮󣬿ʼȴķӦ


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ϾһûôϸŹģǳйоصķձ鶼÷ͻ࣬һʵĳЩˡҲ
ϸТɽתһȦػ˷ƽ֚ȴǹЦͶˣ˷ִУǸ㲻ϡ¾סֻΪڼµʱͣսѡ
֪˻᲻ԼĻ幫Ϣĺڣ
ԴϸТǲ̫ʵġ
ϸԪ˻ó죬ǡĻΪ֯ųڴ˻ϼˡĻ˼·ƽ֚㣬һͣȴǻȻһ¡
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繦δƾȡһֵı߽̾ʮָˣϲ⡣
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СгڳԴ֮Աǵָƹ˾ĵλҼϺͱϵԨԴϣһӰˣһλȨԴˣô֪֮ûУ
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СгЦӦǰ֯ﵯȻͼȨʱΪ´սģǾЩͼ֮ˣڳ߹˼ңǶӲ֪ڸʲôĪԶԶϼңƨҲҷһ
˻һ߽̼Զԣָ鲻ӣһʱ嶯İǰһȭСгſڵأ㬹ȥ
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˵߽Ȼ߼ңȴ޸֮竣Ǵˡʥڣԭ֮ؾһ֣һȭֱӰССгÿѪԴ
ڶһ磬߽ѹʶҲҪˡĵ֮󣬲Ÿеǰ
ƽ֪֚֮赭д˵Ȼû֮ǣǾñȨԴˣĸͷʾǸ͹ˡ
ֻ߽֮裬ŭڵڱǰ֮ϥƽּҿν֪񣡡
ƽ֚㲪Ȼŭȵ򹫷Ȱ˵ָ죬¾رֻսԵԻˣ
߽ŸеƲ˵Ļóˮղֻܻܳȥ˼ӦԲԡ
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պͬΪ߼ŵڵĮɽ߼ԪԼҵһڻɽԾˣίУƽ֚󽲺͡
ʣ棬ɿ˵˵ȨԵŮոճ꣬ǿӽף͹һɸꡣ
ȥ̶߽ȻܾƽּҵңҵŮεŵڣҲң
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ƽ֚ҳǣʼ׼ַơ
ϢȥͽĸžɹΣȨʿȴ׷׽кã˵Ǳ߽汲񣬹첻ʶô޹ָأѾ˼ʣԼǴġ

ͬʱҲֶҡ
֯Ǻʵġӵ´ҰպԼɱʤ峤ɽӹβĿҹڵǹҰǺȻΧסŻѣҪɱ֯ﵯĶ
ʤ˸ٵˡѹ飬ǲУᣬߵУ˵û֯ﵯȷʵµڱսϵۣ֯ﵯʿ䣬ʸ˸壬ұƽɽ߾ȫ֮һսǶ˼ҵءǽԴΪɱ֯ﵯ
Ϊ壬һڣûж֣ȥ

һڱŵõϽûеֿĽ˱ơǰϽҪֵʱ⵽˺ܴ鷳
ྮСдοµǣеʮֲսһǻػĹͣƾʲôؽ񴨣ǷҪȥԽǰȫܻأǶ񴨲ȡӵ̬ȣܲϽǳءĿᡣ
εʵʵȥԽǰϾֻ˵Ľûôǿ
Ƶľ֮£Ͳ˳Ǽ뿪͹һ÷˸µĹϵͼ飬һҲɽִλ׼

棬ľȻ˳ȫݱջ٣汻գ⵽ӺǿǨƣһƬ棬ǳ˵ǵΪ
ϳϼҵɽӷƾռأ߸˴ȥˣ·ݲ˽ɱҶǳĵû֤ݡ
ᦵػţԼëͶǳͻű˰ɱ檵סУغëΪ֮£ռݱǰϲֱҴɹͬ˵
⣬˵ǳӻ֮Ϊ׵ʮ߼ҹǩЭ飬һУרϡĳŵǲĥ˲ż֧ǳҼ˺Тߡ


ҺǸոսս֮ʱգŲɱ֮֡
֮Դ֯ﵯѾΪλأ
ȻĻĲþܹŷ
ڶԾƵĵģ͢ʹߣҪƽ֚жƾܱߵĻƽ֚ԡλıܡ
̶֮󣬾Ļڳһڹ족ʱԷʽְǰ⡣


ʮ η
ʱתʱȹһգ۵˶ա
ʮѮʼȻͬǰ漸һǳĺ䣬δѩӵӣʱȫû취ñ
սոįȴ
³֤֮Ĵ󽫾ΪľϵѾάµİˡ
֯ųĻ߻ʤҡľ㼪ǹʵʩġ֮䡱Ȼڰ֮ھ⵽ƽ֮㣬Ŷ֮ԶԹȨĴڵļμ֮ҺӦ֮䡣
ǰ̵Уг״ҳԭʹӽڹ˾Ĵ
ЩĻδĹǽ߲ɻȱɲ֡תĲóսܣǿռĻڲĸλңȡָȨԼļҳΪڡԴԴ֡
ƽ̣֚ӳ͢ˡܹ족ĳƺš
Ļ֮ķǳͷΡ
Ҳ˵һƹңֱӶؽйϽλˡǷʽģʱԵġֻ൱ڰ˿ϷĴţ΢һССķ϶͸Щ΢Ƿ
ָʧѣĻִȨϸТ빫سϣƽ̲ͬһ㡣
ƽ֚ոձΪٽΪִνˡߡִˡȻǡ̲ԭԻ̲Ҳûʲ⡣
ȻپͲҪӦΡ
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զһȥƺ֯ʱҪ鷳ܶࡣǵĲǡҵ͡˶㹧˳վĿȫǾϲġ
ΪųǿȨǿƿȨ
ڲԱĿڣееǣãҼȻǿ׳мڣ޷ͬʱ˼Խǰơ͡ĥദ
Դˣƽ֚һ͸ڲԣ͢ĻƽģڽټϽơȴѡԣ۹ϵëǳϲֻܹӣԽ޴ҡʶʱ֮ˣԽǰ֮¾֮֮ͬ´֯Ҳʲô⡣ͲֻԱ޽ȡ֮⣬ֻ踧οñΨһҪģֻ跨ƽϽˣȻѵıҰˡ
պ󣬴Ͳķɮ£ƽ֚֮⡣ڶǺҵһںټڵͬ׳棬αֻίߵӦˡ
ţ֯Ҳæ˵飬ʲô롱Ļ
֯ﳤ桢ƽ֚룬ͬʱҲ֯Тƽⲻɡ
֯Ȣ񴨺ͲҵŮ˵ǰಡж֮ݣߵǱΪӶร֮ࡱѾ԰Ͳ͵ڰԼ
ҡ롱ҲǰָβŽ´ҵ顣
˿ᴥŭ˵Ľʽǳ֪֯ҺȻϣǱиָ㡣
յЩ֮ƽֱ֚Ӱѵӽ˶ӣҸɣͲҲ빥򱱮ǱǨӡ
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ʮպͲϱ˵ڴڷҵټȻ䲻ͻϮݵ㣬ǹ㡢իˣȡΪų֮׼ͷ­
Ҳ˵Ͳ˳Ǽŵӻǣƭˮģٲ֪
ƽͲ꿪֮ƵĽ
ͬʱϽҲΧҵĻչ˱ʡ
ǰԽǰ֮㡢ٸεųʾԸ棬ԭ֯ྮƺ˵˳ǳءдο뿪ҲܾҪƽһ档
ƽ֚˱ǰЭ
֪Ƿڱŵյ֮£дοȻ˵ؽ񴨵ԭǶԷˡҵʤҡ
һ֮󾪣̷ָ˵дοбӻľ㼪
˫Ͼβųͬţ֪֪׵ģߵľٱȫ޵ķʸȷһЩŵ˿ż״Ͻ档
ƽ֚˶װܵ飬漰Ͻʱ⡱׷ľˡ
ΪǲԹԴ
룬дοȻظƽֵ̲и˾ӣһԲסȻʮֻʮͶ
һԸľȫҳһﾪˣԷͬȥܵ飬ȴܾĻôƽ̲һֻô룿
Ǽ֮ҲȵزȡͬΪ
֯һγ棬׳ŨԽ֪е⣬˵ľ¡λȻ޿⣬֮ģϣ˵Ѫͼ֯ҵԴ
֯ﳤ桢ɡ֯ТӶѾùΣίУ÷ƽͨڡ
ԲһĹŮȥ൱㲣˻ľ޴ҪԸ׵ѶڻҪְţΪ˼ôǿ֪
ʵ鲢Ϊ̴ֻ֪ǿﴫ֯ҵĴСһʱʲôû˵ԱԸµٷǲ൱Σ˰֮İϢ
˹ϵ󣬲ƽ֚ջ˳ˮ۵ظ߶ӣ۴滹֯һЩ޲ɡ
ƽȴʵĻӦ˵֪ĸϴ˴˿̵أҲӦջȥһ㰲οǡ
µ̲˵һڶǰĬȻƿڡ

ƽ֚Ĺ滮˲ᣬԽǰβŹȻûгʲôӣ͡⽻Ψһñĵطȴơ
Ϊ߽ӸţĿˣϷΣȻƽּҵСг֮ӲͦžܾǸ
һ棬Ҳȱѣϵ򵥣õǣһȫΣաʺڳأƷ


ʮ ι
ϸТΪ֪ͨȥģνĻԽܴİ÷ܵ˺ܴɣƽ֚Ըжĺ¼˵ǹ⻹ĵġ
֮£ƽ֚ڲĴֶξнֹС
ɲαΪڷܵ𱸣ս˳˹֮⣬˻ٶһ͡
Ȼвûʲô´󹦵ˣǴ̽зݵġ
ƽ֚ƶһνϴģġת⡱·Ȫ֮⣬ҲΪֱ죬ʿתƵڡء
ϵѾҪ󻮷Ϊڡ͡ڡݵĸ
°䲼ߣպ󡰾ڡʽҳͬÿʯ˱ˣְͷеʸϲܵԴͬʱҲҪʽҳһ񣬲סָĳǳأǳݣǴϼʾ˽ǷܵӦؽΪ
ġڡȻҪеκζۣĸ˰Ҳĳɣ˽װ̫㡢ǹٹֻܱΪþߣǹľԶͷʵУںͻҩϽߵĽ˱ܵලԭϲɹͳƷ۶Ҫ¼ڰܶơ
ڵݹġɹ顱ᶨƵִСڴָµΡһ롣ҲǲֱӶԸڽؽ硢ҵȨޡװģȷ涨ǸһڹֵôԼڲĶȥ
һãȪ·ͼʮʯ֮ڣͳϵĵׯͷײ㣬γͨ֯͡еռȷÿÿȷ˲ᡣг˰ǧʯȨƲ⣬Ϊƽּҵֱ졣
ڶڽܿʮݵƽ֚㲢ȫ룬ϾסԸЧʩȨҪɲ֣Ҳʾá
ϲнӽʮʯأߵԶдڽĴڣҲֻȥҪսʱṩǧɡָдһϽȨƽҲ֮󣬻صְ
Լжʮʯܸߣ¹ƻһǵ˵ġ¡׼ʯΪֱٺ»ʣµľͽҳͨС
һͲҴ»жʮʯңҲһˡ¡ʮʯֱٺ»ǡƽ֪еء
ΪȨǣָӺ͹ڳֱй㣬޷ϴʱ԰취
ڹҪսʱṩԼǧ˵Ĳӣǧ١ʱ̫дģļֲ̫׼ȷ˵ǺͳƵĽ˵ĺЭ
ĹֻǳҰΪפʤǣһЩЭ飬ֻǱӰڸУΪȫսԻڣԲ˰غͱûж󡣴󲿷ַɵرʹĳҲԪףԤΪݵ塣ͬʱʮӴ汣ÿþɳĴγǣƣβ󲻵ķա
լΨһʧȥʵȨˡ̰롰Ů¼֮ȾˡӻóҡɣΪ˼Ļô˵Ͼüҽ֧εСӣҪά档
֮ƽ֚ȥְ񣬱ǧʯ֪УȥͷҲﾡˡ
ͷνڼ˺þãúֶŮΪڹ֮һ𾫳ϺһŬϧշ⡣
ڼֻܰѾͶ뵽ҵȥֲźˡƽּʯ֮սȡʤġݡҲźڡ͡βһ·ͽֵ꣬ռ·Ȼھá˶ܸںһ
ԭΪ̡ڵԽݡݡ¹ݲϴǷףںĹصĸţҵɾ޴ȴսߵͣṩİƺѾȲϽڵĸ߶׽ôˡ
һĸﲻɱ⡣
һ棬ˡų֮ƽ֚Ļ壬ɽǹԼʯϵ׵ؽԼĶƽ⣬ԼﳤסšСгˡ
֮⣬ܱߵĸ岻빫߹ϵͬɮԴԶǰȡ˲ˣƽ֚㿶֮˻ʼҡҺɽµĴƬء
һӮҲõصļȨ̴󲽵ˡԤδһʱɽǹṩıҲһǧѣҪǲפάΰСȻκҵ棬һʧʲô
һдοĹ˾֮ǰ򾩶ƽ飬ҪճĽϲճ̺ء̫ҰޡĸûΪСҲʲô⡣
ƽּҲôûҪΪذܻ

֮ǰڲĽţҳǲܰġƽ֚дŶԼҾ˵ڽܱȽϰȫԴӵ·ǨӵǣȻöھִڸУԼȴ׼صȪȻ
ϵԭǡոԪ˳͢Ǽʱ򡣡
ʵǡڶӶˣΪͰѵӦϢһ𣿡
Ǿô˰ǣԼļˡ
ãϺӵĲҳβյһ̥Ϊеõƽ֚㿼ǵսʤ֯뾩֮ģֱ֮Ϊʤ衱͡ӡ
裬ץͷľ÷裬ѧ·ʦ
Ӥڳɳڱ仯ν죬ûˣƽ֚΢һŰѼһһϺš
һʮ檵ò嶼һٰ쿴ģҲϻᷢʲôϸ΢ı䡣
λˡ㵽겻ȵĺӾΧ¯ԱߣһѧСһĸ۴ޣ֮вܰ
ȻѾ˵ѩǧ͹̵ɽҵҹ裬ǻ΢еͼįġ
ҷ˰Ȯ;ֹȻݣһ֮ͨޣӭսɷؼһ
˱Թǧôûлأǵģһȫ˼Ұѩǧٻһֱдš֮⣬δ¶κβ
·ȫ֪ǰɷͶӵľӣɱ硣ԼĵλҲһ൱Ρ
Ǿ˺ܴŬά
ϼ޻ƽ֚ߣһ۾Ϳǿиɣ֮ࡣ
Ȼвûʲô̫ı䡣
֮Ϊ˴Ĺ淶ǿԼ֮Ϊ˴Ĺ淶
ƽ֚еЩǸ⣬еۣȴ֪ò˵ơ
⻼ûʧԥ˰죬ǰȮǳЦŴչ˵Ҫ
ƽ֚һ
ȴЩ£ȫɵĻ⡣
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⻰ƽֱ֚ð󺹡
ȷʵڶӵĻ´ϣһصĴ󰡡
һʱֲǽǰɴ֯͹ȥ൱ʡ
ֻϣСǷԼĸнڲ٣Ҫʲôźá
Ȼһ»ƽ֚Ծˡ
Уľ˵ϣŮ׸ңʴ¸ΰأ
˵ȮжһαװֳԹ֮
Ҫ˵Ҳ֪飬ˡǡ


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ͬÿͨͥԶӳͶĿһĸ׸еʮֵǺͲᡪϾôһģȻһʼΪһҪӦƽȥԡ
ƽأǱֵôݵ죬Ǹ˻ˡĸʲôģȫûȥ
ӥƽһչ᰿裬ڣܲȸԾأ
˷ʤͷһͻˡλٸְ֮ϵ͸ɮµֺ̼͹ˣȫǱķе̬ȣ˵ĵõ㡣
ǰûʲôʵʵҪҲͲܷκڸĴҪֻǻѣ֮ǡװơ
⣬´ҿſɽ֮󣬰֯»͵СҲƽϵΧ
ԭСʱһֱСԣûʲôϲĵطֻǰͼòгİˡ
ڣѾһδˣʧȥֵýĶǡЭײ߶ɷҡԪ״񣬵´ҶȻޣ֯Ҳ
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֯¿˵ջڻ֮̿У꣬ǰ;δ˿ƽ÷Ȼ֣ıӣΨһľͰο
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żûģҪͷſϳԷҹ²˯š֮ķչ
˵³Ǹ÷֮⣬̳֯Ҹֵص㣬Ѿǻò󷽵ˣƽݳղ̬ȣͦѾܾġ
֪ɱǱǣűߡ
۵λߣƸ񣬶⡣
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㣬ǶĿ˶һ⣬˵Ҫ֮ˡҺ߻кﳤסšСгΪڡ
ȻԼҲ΢еģôߴ٣󲿷ʱ;Ͷ뵽ȥʵûܾ֮⣬ͼŮٵͶ߶ˡ
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ŵͷСгԾȻ
ͬʱһҲ飬ͬ˹˵һСɡмʿͨбӻӷɡ
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ǰ˼һʵҲɣһֻӦ

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⻰Ҳ˵һ˵ҲֻҶǲӲġ


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ǹڴͲųʬڵԱȫί˼ںڹĸݳǴһȴƽϢ֮˾
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Ҫ崦ƽ֚ҪģֻҪϹϵöзӣ£ּǲ»Ǯ࣬»Ǯ٣Դ˱ʾȻѷĿνսġ
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˳һᣬڴǰգ˼Ů֮һݵ΢檲µڶ͵áûֵܡ
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Ŷ˵ƽϢ¼Ҫٻ᪸Ѿ׽⣬ܷίƽּأ
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˵δϽȥԽǰҲĲƽ
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ҲϢ
С紨¡Ÿƽ֚㣬˵ǳϲֱѾһ𣬶ԡ´塱صв
ϸһЩʣϲֱǺܶıƵĻߡΪյߡ
ʾ˵ľҲϲֱйء
˵ƽһ깥

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˵ڳһƽ̲˵ĻʼҳӦùĳԸľҸ汲µļһ𣬽ľشŭİ˵ƽִǺεӢǼ汲ӵһҲ˼ҵ֮һͬն
ȻרŽһ·ӣֻһ񣬻ʱʱߵݡ
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ľصѾΪε겻ܺڳ̿ˣծ಻
ʶ֮ʿָ˴ǹװһıӡев̶ȡ

ڼܵĸ˴ɽȺ֮УԳһ岻֮⣬Ԫ߼ġ˶ڸͨ
ڼȨ̫ͣ²ıͲ̫ˡ
߼Ů͵ƽּ֮ԪҲ˸ùԵòг
Դƽ֚ʮͷۣȴҲܺ˱ˡ


ʮһ ֵ̼Ĳ
ĸԱţǸܽͷСˡ
ٽ·ϣһխСȴĺլǵ̣о鷿ҵȣֿ⣬м仹׺ͥԺ޵ʮɡ
ǱϾֻСˣȱϵûֵһĶżʼؽϵĲ°й㡣޷ڼǮʱҪ̣пڷԡ
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ԱǲҲգӴ棬ȴҲˡ
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һյȥתԱŶʱϳⲻǽĽڼ̽ľ뢣ƽּҵϱôпռôһСأ
л̿֡塢η֮УȥǸͬżһ㡣
ȻڼһЦûش⣬ֻһ仰˶ԷαװһʵӦסԼĸ󣬲Բѵʯɽɮ˰ϷյǸֶΡ
Ȼ˵ΣԱšסĴʧɫг侲ЦȻЩ̽ǰС˶̣֪Ǻδ˲
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ԭˡԱҡͷ̾Ȼҿ˼ڤķӣҲֻǹ˹ǡ
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ҵޡ⻰ԱŷɫأСص˼кηԸ²žޣֻܾΪ
ȷʵЩҪУǱˡڼЦȲ̸˵ƹȻǺãΪβչʾʵȥעأ֪µͷҪйأߵȥ
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Խã˲ףƽּҪڻ鱨ƴǣʵֻǸų̰ͼֵС
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ٺòԱЦȸɽǹʿֻҵһ壬ȵѰһڵıӻо̶ѡǻҿɻûȥ
ϣ֮󣬵ݳ־ڱǰ𡣡ڼɫ»ָɵȻӣ˳Ļպңʮֹ


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Ҳʰ׼ȱͷģ˵⡣
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۱ߣ˵ٽ֪˲ĺܣǼ˸Լ64Ķһ⡣ڽֵ߸һݣһֿ⣬׬Щ졣
˴֣ͨ棬أƺʩǴе֧
ǸԱŵıܣҲǽҪҵˡ

ֵ׽ڣȼ¯ƣߺȱ̸
ѣδ⣬ԱżԷ̾⣬Ȳ˵⣬ǹֱСѯʵСӣʲôأͬ˵ôĲɣĪլ鱩¶ҵһٽѵ
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ԱŶʱ棺СӴӲöģĽ٣ҲǸˣŪôĿҾƲǷ˲ˣѵǱˣʲôܣô
۱Ŵ죬֣ȥˣܡֻͷǳѶ˰ˡ
ԱŸּæ׷ʣʲô£ĪǱʳʶԣҡͷɻ󣺡ԲԣɽǹľӦʱŸոλðɣ
û۱̾Ѷˣ꿪֯ﵯĻֱϽ֯ﵯ죬λ˲֪ʲô·ӣõƽ̲ع鱾硣
ǳ֮¡Աŵͷʾ֪۾ɻ󲻽⣺ǹϵɣ
ҲΪ󡣡۱޺޵ӣλˣ˵Լ겻յ˰ǿǲ룬Ҫɶķ𡭡̫ˣǼǱչĻֱϽ˰ȻĻ
˶֣Աɫʡ
ǧᣡ۱ߵָȻһ㸻ȻطС㣬ٻ˼ңƽÿҪʮ֮࣬ôأ
ԣǶ취ʵҲ޲ߣԱйؼ
ǰ۱ƺƵ͹࣬òŴ˵ҵǲ̫żٰʮᣬҲ˽ˡЩҾƶô죿Щô죿˼Һҡ硯ô꣬Ҫȥ
˽⡣ԱŻͷʣλѶˣƹܶأ
ǣǸĸˡ۱ʵԸ档
磬δģԱʡ
šѶи谮Ǵģ̯ɱٶˡׯƺһʲô˵飬һ롣ƸһͷۣǻںôһЩܱǿ
۱Ȼȫް취ܱߵʮ
ԱŽ̽ҼǵǰȅɽµһλʦЩ飬˵ϻ
ϧʦϴλˡ۱޺޵һĴȣ֯Ǻѧ꣬˸ʽţǿϧ
Ȼˡڻҵõ𣿡ԱŹʵ
ǰЩ쵹Ƿҹ۱Խ˵ԽˣиԳǺﳤˣҿķ̸ЦΪ棬û뵽Ǯʧˡ
û취ԱŸ̾˰죬Ȼն̰ܣΨĻ߲У
ʲôʲô𡭡۱һֵĻ˵δ
ǾƽּңԱż֡
һѶˣǵõƽּҵĸŸλġ۱ԥ
ҿΡԱƲ뿴ƽ̲ǺεôѹյΪ
⵹ǡ۱ͬҶ֪ƽ̲ĳһķС˼Ĺ
ǣԱЦǽҴǴһ
Ȼ۱ЩԥСǱ˴˹ᣬС񡭡
𼱡ԱŹصۺ롪ǰϰ⶯ֻʶӽڼѧڼѧƽ֚㡪иƻ


ʮ ʿְ
Ҳʤȸˣλˣ
ľԪһЦžһѻ˻⣬Ȼһҡڵ̤
ǿ棬ոµңڵỤ̊ƻͨӣкüڨЦ
Ȼѣ鸡ȴʮ㣬С
ʱ൱⡣
ԴȥԵɺײߵıΪͣӡڡ֮״ľСԪӴʱת˺ͨ
ƽּҵĺϵУӱڡһֱߴЭǡ⽻񣬡ڡţʱĳЩҪĲţڡǱְܣҲӵϢͼලѲĻƣڳ
ľԪĿˣֻ˵ƽӹ
ƫƫ˼ٻ֮ǿɣƶϵС磬б죬õۣίΡ
ٽףӶˣһδӰǳ£ź£鵱פнװǷ׼׵顣
⵱ȻֵôĵСѡ
˭֪ոյŰݼؾˣࡢСλ棬żʽΧסɷ˵ӵ¿ûõĸߵ˵Ҫӷϴúÿ
ٻ֮ʾӦþܾ
ľԪȴԣʮϲͷԥһװӴӦˡ
⼸ˣ궼һ²٣Ҫ˵Ҳûеĳ̶ȡˣҸ·̯ͬǾҲˣӵĳϣ
ǰһдױ߷޵󣬽ȴǶЦǿŹƣľԪжˡ
Ͼһ˿ǣûǸǰٻ֮˵ġҵΪ˱ڱ顱Ļ
ԾǺˣǳˣСƷزʲôģǼûգƵŮӣҲֻһûǹ
ԼûȫȻؼȥ˿ҡҡλ˳
ֽǲԶٻ֮ȵͷڼ˾ɫԻ˿ǰȻֻ˾ûʲôҪëɾͲճˣ
ûûУûУľԪΪ˾ѵ⣬㲻ҷ𣬷ٺһЦԴԲҲôͿûðɣǺǡ
ٻ֮ҡͷ̾Ϣ͵ƣתǰ·ûضǴгɮԺõģ徻¶٣ԾͱˣѾ븽ɮ˶ˣ͡
߳ʮתС䣬û꣬˴
۹ݣôǷأƽּǷǮǹʲô£
˵ˣ˼Ҳװ˰ٹĿֻջķ֮һǰ׸ɡ
Ҹǩĺͬû˵
ھõҲδõǮתôأ
޳ܣû뵽ټƽּңȻ˵£
˭˵أ˵õ˲Ǯۿõİ֣
֣ƽ̲ˣ˵˰ɡ
˼ҾǴʥˣҲⲻĶҸ㰡
ѭȥһ¶µȾڻ谵´ʴʣϰǸ긾ŮȰǲҪ˵ȴӡ
ٻ֮֮ü˼
ľԪȴû룬ְڣ¡ˡȼؼʣ˴룬ȥſζĴͣȵƽ̲Ѳ͵ʿȸղ˵Ƿʵϸϸ
˱ŵһĿ״Ǵľ֪롣긾ŮɫҰܣɸʶġ
ľԪһ䡰ڽ󰸿ɲ㡱Ͳɷ˵ػԸˡ롱ȥŮ䵱ߵŮҲ˳һ·

һֻֻ޹һɫ˸ʣľԪӶס˺ݻļٻ֮ڲְ࣬ŵá͡ǸΡ
һ̸֪ǰˣֱԱš͡۱ǽ̵ܸˣǰֿͲƥȲṩ½۹ݡʹãʱδȡֽǼĿ
˽֮ʱǡ۹ݡȴһʴ⵱УƽּҿӺʽת޷֧Ƿ
Աš͡۱ֻȨƵĵײСѣƽּйأҲֹֻϵùڽֱѰ˹ӣƾƷй
ǾӪСĹŮĸΪ֤ǳıԹΪ֤
ٻ֮˼۹˸ϲŭɫ
ľԪȴȫüͷ۲ѡ
ԭֻǺȶ˾緢ͷҪͶơû뵽浽ԼǰǡԼҪѲ⣡
Ҫ˵ڲɹѹ̼֣ûƽּҲҲԴڡ˵̸һʮˮǰ˰ٹֻ˶ٹᣬٹ䲻
ٹᣬͭǮʮģԼۺΪƽڽܹܵһǧʯһٶʳ
һôģ֪϶ͨĴ㲻̲ݣ׷鰡
Ѿ˸ǰǲ飬պ¶һԲ˺ùӡ
ֻܹԼͬƮƮȻֶ˼Ͳ֪Լ˭ˣȻһ΢̽ľˡ
ľԪ˰첻֪Ǻã˿˵ŵսսΪҪڣӪƹݵĸŮӵ
ٻ֮״ţ˽˺ͼ֤ȫȥƿܡľԪԵĪǵ鱳漰ʲôˣհǰ˺󣿡
ľԪ˵˼ʱ쾽ȲѣҡôûеӵˣȻȻ١Ȼе㺦£ԥΪ£࡭
˺ˡһ˽𣿡ٻ֮һɸֵıֵ̾ʵɷģƲʲô˲ϡ
ޣǾ˵ҿԳûͷһķУľԪʱüЦȻãȻ⣺Ϊʲôأô֪д
ܼ򵥡ٻָָ֮ϵķƶƽ̲ˣеְϧë˼ߵҪƣиõ·ӣô׾Ӵֱ;أ߳ɰն϶˺ٻš
ǾͺáľԪ˵ͷֺȻҡͷԲԣֻ߳ɰգǾ˵ɿԡ
ô򵥿ʮɶ϶£ٻ֮Դ֮ԱǣôҲսɱû㵨𣿡
ҡľԪԶԣֻܱʾͬ˵öԣսôСʲôʿأ¹ȻҪܡ
أٻ֮һԣּᶨص˵ͷ˿ǹⲼֵ飬Ȳˣ˾ò


ʮ ж
ľԪһˣﶮʲôѶ켩ֶΣ˳ϵѯˡȻҪԸҲʲôߵԹֻǼǮۿȹݶѣô򵥵׷һ죬֪ľͶ֪ˡ
ٱˡ
οǣвδ漰ƽ̲˵κȻ顱ȴֶλس֣׵ﲻġ
ľԪŵòᣬ֪δ˼֮󣬸ɴ˵ԼͲס캮ضزŲͣ㲻֮
ߵļٻ֮гţ֮ΪʱǰһڴĻᣬʾܻϣװãȻ޲ߣʵ򲻶ɫ׼ϣ׼˻ͻȻжֱӵݵƽǰġ
˵ƽ⣬ͼĽ׶Σԥؽӹдʮҳ״ֽŭҾ¶ҪΡ
ٻ֮ȸԾΪܴӴ˿ϴͬĿ²սԵȴ侲ظ֪ҪţĵȺ򼴿ɡ
ֻĻźػȥˡ
պʱ´ƽͣ˳͢ĻԶֵ̼ҪһۼѽڡּԼλسЯѵլۡ顣
˽֮ϣƹѲһźĳСգȻ°˵ԩҪֹҪæȾҾ˲޹֮ˡ
ƽɫãǺ¡
Ŀ֮£СҪľԪλġղ˵ƾݣǣץˣȡаŮֱ񹲷ߣȻ⵽ӦزȻ˼ڸġ
˵У£λسļҾ쵱̲ס˽رʾͬ顣
ǺﳤסšСг˽Բ׷ԡ
ﳤüɫϾŵͷ˼СгԾԾԡ
˼Ƭ֮ƽѯ޴¡ֵ÷·һ֪һ
ﳤֱ׳Բ֪˽æ볯͢Ļشɮ»棬Ͼע顣
Сгϵ˵ֻ֪ʵľԪˣӰ˰ʲô񣬾ʲôȴö֪
˼һƺ˽ھĴץѯھǷȨְɾͲҡ
û˵꣬ƽⲻ֪ԵβȻŭİ˵˸񣿲ʲô񼲣ҲҪʣ
ǰȥ롱
ľԪȴȫް㲡̬
֮ƽԽջŭθװܹ£ܸĴ𸴣նף
ľԪһ·ǿϹսս䤱˿һţύӣƨͷ޵¸¸װܣʵǵ֮ʱ˲õ飬Ȳܻӡ
ƽˣƿڴʵ
ľԪη֣̿鲻״
ƽⰴѹɱڡ
ľԪάȣΣֻӲͷƤ˵иΪͷû̼βķУ˵ǻҴʦʦܣԳƺﳤ״ĲҡײƭԳֶͨ죬ֻǮ£ǣɽǹͷǿȴ񲹽˰ֵ֧ǡ
˵ڳĲɫʼ̫Ծ
дȻǺ˵˵УȻезҲҥ£Ѫˣƽɫ࣬İϣֱðȵȻҼҵسһҪúòҳԪףϳͲ
ﳤ°ݵвڼߣݾӻرܣˮʯá
ƽȻҥԶϳ
æȥ
ֻǺﳤ׳ִرܣƽֻӦˡ
űҲƵسУݵλľԣŲȫȻԡʵܱأ֮ʱ̼֡ɮ¡֮һ𣬳Ҳ࡭ǰֻɶûж룬ݣʲô֮°
һףϣƽһ㶣ЦҲҪ븳лرܰĿһתСгǷôµ񣬹ҽأ
Сг׼ɫʱһƬȻе¶ƴ£ƾƽּҵسȻǹһȺ֮ΪָõΣɾ͡
˵һ䣬ͷȥסԼı顣
ĻȻӦϴˣ˼Ҷᡣƽԥ𣬽ų˼һ˵СǧҪʲôǡ㿴ΣиߣɣŽԪδãȴʮ¸ңͬһ°ɣһʲô˵ָʾļɡ
СгһͣҶ룬ϱʾһжԸ
ƽʶѧŸ׵̬ۼں°ͣɷнµ˵ͷֵľԪϾ¹ش󣬻֪٣ҲȰϢһʱɡ߿ʲôǰ󶼾ĻˣܳЭС˵ģ
ľԪŵòỹûָһʱ˼ðףæ˵иβٻ֮һԣλԿΪ֤˱ҿõö࣬˵ס
ˣƽⲻϻһӣٻ֮Ҳ


ʮ ӵ̽
Ȫǣ귢չѾΪغڽʯɽѷ顢ľڣճóΪǸӽΡ·ĲҵԼٹ˵ݳѡ
ƽ֚ȡʯսʤ˾֮󣬷Ĵ󵨵ذѼҾ춼ӵ˴˴سҲ׷Ч£Ӵٽ˽ֵķ
񰶺ǳ֮⣬ڱ˳裬˸ۿһƬɸ˾סҲ㴬ֻһԳܥǽԫ⣬ӦԵ߲͹ģڽһ
ʱֵ£캮ض֮Уȡǽڼвзû¯ȡůķʽȱ֤ЧЧ̳ƽּҵһͯԽɳΨһȱǻ̫
շеļ㣬һҹõĲ൱һǧ߰ٻͨ񻧵ѣνҡ
ҵǣصĻ˲̫ࡰž·жǡĸпʫǶù졣
ǰӴȱΪƽ̲пİõůĺңһƷõ⣬һĶ顣
ԭλҳĸ£񾮾ǴѡҪϯһЩϣȴΪκǡ׷˽֮٣Ȼ֮¡ϾȻ漰λسʵⲻ֪Ǻá˿븸״˳֮⣬롭
ƽ֚㽫ӵױϸϸһ飬ؼ־ᡰ桱һֽǰСϣ鸴ӵز׿⣬֪Щʲô
ɻŮȫӰ죬רעڱְƺһû
Ϊƽ֚㵹ҷ˰ȮȴǣüּˮλظأȻ˵жҪѧһ棬ǧ衪ˣϾǹףȱ˰ɣ
֮˵Ҫôġ
֯ųվڸ˺ܴӰ졣ɲҺӳƵҲ˲ϾΪֹĵճŮֻһء
ԹֵĻƽ֚㲢û̫ȣҲûйڸеˡҿ͹۴ڣǿĨȥǲܵģֻʱ嵭
οڴͳϵġȨ棬ҷ˾һͥԱ֯ṹʮ΢һԱʱҪ֮ΪһĲ£ѡ
Щ浱潲ĻͿͨ˵Ȧݡ
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Ȯ佱ӵĻʮָˣ߹ǳЦֿʼеǣĻˡ޶۲⡣Ǻʲô뷨ѵ˵𣿡
ʵҲˣֻǲ̫˼ƽ֚ϳһֹܵЦݣ˵ͼ̽ң
ԣȮ˫һڵϣʪһƬ
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ʵΪ˵ճӵҷˣĲҪУֳΪ˷ҵ֮УҲǲܴġ
ƽ֚һʱ嶯Ҫô˵ͣߣֻ֣ʾ⣺޷޷Ůúʰɡ
Ȯͷػ˫ýġ
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ﰢȮһ㡣ô˶ĸһֱǸεĻŮˡС̽ʵǧ衭ǺӵһôԶеµءǷƽյİ鵱ȥǱһְأ
šƽ֚۵˵ͷ˹Сӣ治ʵȻ̽ңҲ̽һˡ
ȮǵһۣҪ˵ЩʲôȴֲҶ˵һ䡣
ƽ֚Ҳõ鷿ֱӻ˵ֵӱڣһżĵȥ
ֻ˵仰
һǡǺ漰˽֮£ǰºεȹֻҪʵȷΪı˷һϳͲ
ڶǡ߿֮˲㣬ǰȥľ֮⣬ҳСɡƽҰȨƽ̫ɵ֧Ԯɣ¼á
Ȼ˿ӱȥ

պյš
ƽⲢƸôԼ࣬д˺ܶ࣬̿֡ˡ֮Ĵʻ㣬ʾ̬֮͡
õȻһСˡ
Сг飬ȻǺﳤ׵常뱾ŵİ漰Υ֮¡ɾɡһ˼ٻ֮ϸֱ֮󣬿֪ЩǺٻٽĿıﳤ׵뱾ŵλδ䡣ολϳǺİ̸ʲôϳ͡ǲǰ̴ǵִﾩЭʵڸмҳСɳţ֮ϺȻ˶֮⣬ƽҰȨƽ̫ɵ˿Էڣֻȵպ۹к١
˻ţƽ֚ЦȻôԵ̽ǲȵġϾҵĶӰ
һԵİȮҲʮָˣŻѵãӦöĿ뱾Ը¼ҵɴ֯Сʽȷ򸾹ϵҲⶼܰ
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Ȯظؿڣһĵ˸˵ɴ֯Сߣܰοһˣˣǧ£ϣûŪʲôڵĺ
İɣ϶Уƽ֚Ц
һƬڣ׵յУȮСûп͸̽ô족ĵȻԶṫ֮ˡ


ʮ Ĳ
ʮ͵ıװ޼ʹÿ̱ƹ׾Ͳףҳ˼ӲΪĸܷӳа˺ﳤ׵壬ŵİܣҵͬŵȵȡ
Ļ̻֮ʱǻǱ˴˹ᣬţ뾩ܱߵĹڡ硢ϣðƽּҵ£еĺ˽Լ˰еռֵĵ̺ʣеĿǿײɮ¡ٵĲƲ
ﳤסšҵǷ֪飬Ƿ㲻Ϊ¾ͺ˵ˡ
֮ƽյСгرʱǱʾΪѣûþʮֹϾλһյɱΣΪġ
Сг⻰֪ʲôܣżеʧе㰲Ĳǡ
ȻչΪ˱ܻ䲻òְͣʡ˾⵽ƽ֚ǿѵ⣬ƽļο
һĿͶĿ̬֮Ѱζ
λسǣʩ˳ְٺ۲ЧĴûд󶯸ɸꡣкﳤ׵壬ȫƤͣѹûƽּٺ»ֻвһ˼¡
µС䣬Եϡ山ϡʢԺɮ˵ȵȣЩֱӶ֣ߵģǱϳͣնףûռҲ⳥ܺߣһǳɡ
Ȼƽ˳ˡԭָʾӲ֪һֽҵϣ֤ɽǵزԭԭҵĹٹǣűغǿȡϷ֣Ӧָ
ȻЩԳơ޷ԼලزίƽϴܣΩԸÿȡ»סĹ䣬ǵĵزȵõ黹
һġͷܵĴƺνϿĵ˳͢ƨƽá
СгΪسһϵи񣬲ҹ᳹˶Ŀ־ɽһƵؽ
ٲȻΪš
̲˲ֶ֮ӣϹϵľɣԼ֪ðβٻ֮СӸץ
永Ĺˡ̼֡ɮ½Է࣬вӵڰʮ˵ĺǿ˶ڣɱڣֻƾһֽ飬ӣŴˣһ·֮Ӳԣܵвʿˣףȴʿɱ
Իһ˫黢
ƺҲ봢ѵõԵ֡
ͬʱƽհ鵱ҳСɡƽҰȨƽ̫ɵƺĬŻȨޡ
ĻִȨϸТޱϣӽеԸδӦΪƽ֚ô̫ˡ
ϸТе൱ᡣĻִȨ֮λʱʮּŽᵽݵ֮Զռ̳λ͹֮ҷԴ¡ĻȨ˥ܾ͵ԼԼĶ⣬չʾκθĻͼǼֱѰ·
ƽ齨׵飬ֵøҳ֮ͨҳСɡٽ֮ӼΪϢ̹٣ƽҰȨƽ̫ɵֻΪͷѡ
κȻȥﳤסŵҶСֱӦǰ֮ΪʦͬԾӡҪ
ƴ˵ʱְƽȴơȻְΪ޿ָժġҪϳĿ
ȥﳤװӣݲﷴʡ죬͵͵ĸӹ⽻ǳ̷Ĺŵġ
໥ǫã߷ڵĳ棬֪ԶںȪǵƽ֚Ƿܿأ
̲㣬δ¥Կ֪´£ֻҪ˼뿴һܿ

ʱ֮ڣסոһԽԽ־ˣÿ絽˷ʳҩ֮⣬ڴ³ԷʱаõؿڣҴ֮˿ЦõľֹҪ˵ǩļˡ
ϾǺúûţ͹ˡʱųȨĲʲôϡ顣
ϸТִȨĴ£ҪǣмӡǼƹ˵Ĵλةƽ⡰Э֮£Ļɹıװּ׼ִ治ƹҡ
˵ⱱҵɶܵҵ֯ĲȺȴŷһζͣҲͰˣƽϳʱӦģ񣬻֯ⱱ߽̱ԼλԵĸ߹٣޳ܵʤʵͿ๦ߵСгìܣȻ󾹸ŹԷº󻹾ܲϴǸνĿ޷ͣΪˡ
ʱƽ֚ȡó͢Ļͬ⣬ˡַľ
߽һֱĲͼɻأ˵ʲôƺʧ̬ж⡱֮ƱĻһлͼϡûʶԼش
ôֻеʹʡˣǴսڱС
ƽ֚㽫Լҵ챾Լ͡صٱ
򾩶ЭĻµƽ⣬ľء߼Ԫ´ҿԼҪġŨ֯ң˳Ҫ
ȻҲٲھ齨ֱ
Ծɡٻ֮Ϊ֣ҳСɡΪ죬ƽҰȨƽ̫ΪβԭӡҳáΪһǧ˵ľӡ
⽫ƽϵĳ


ʮ ʱ
Ԫ꣨1574Ķ³ʮܵѾȫⶳƽ֚һǧ˵ĲӴӺȪǰַƵı̡߽
׷ӦӮӡ
Ũ֯ϣڵõĳŵ֮ǲƽ֚֮ɣǧ᪸֧Ԯ
´ϣʤǧˣȡֱ뱱ƣǰ档
߼Ԫϼǧ߰ˣǰﾩϸТĻǧˣϻŹˣʵƽָС
лƽּҴ½һǧױԼɽǹǧ
ľ·;ңԶ״̬ѣóһǧʾ̬ȡΪͬԭĹܼҲֻҪһǧİ˵Խǰĳ־ƴ˶ǧƲսֻǾԶг̽ϳ١
ھ롰ӷ¼һ桢дοҲ׼õĻᡣǰԳƿԱƣǹֱֱӲս
һϣƽͱǧҳͨڱǧдһϼǧǮɽţƳˣڼ׺أЭͬƳɳֵǧӣعͨеҪٲȻ֡ٵ뽡̬
ƹ˾̷߽ıƽɣҲֻܱȶԱӵֿˡ
ϲϾ޿ͳԣͳθڣܿ֯һ֧ߴһǧ˵ľơ
صɾͲˡ
Ƭ򱾾ʮֻңڱ֮֯ܵһڵӰ죬κ˿ֻĵط
߽Թ˾巢Ա˱ư˿ȴֻ˼Ļҡ
ȻҲϸҰٶءԺӻ˱šݺ뷨Ӧ˺٣ǻûַȴѾھǵ֮С
Ũһ֯ҹϵִӰ֪ˡ֯Тƽ֮ܽϢʾǰѾ֯ϼ̳бƵЭ飬ȻսҴƣӦУ֯ТʵͳΡ
¹ĹʢţͨҵĹϵϵΣҲչˡҷĹʾԸƳܰæͬͷתǹڽҲ⡣
ؿĳܥϡܿĵϣǰһദúܺϽĵԣӭʦоɶԹɣϱҲҪɲ֪ô˳Ը֤£һҹ֮䱻ɮ
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ƽξư˿ˣֻʣڵֿһȲ빦ǽͷݣΪսƷϴƤӹ˾õƽּҵ֧֡
Ҵ󲿷ֶǴֱɲģоĵײСַʮּ򵥴ֱãĿԹǿңܡ
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˼ҹ䡢ɮͲˣ˵ͬͷϸ꣬һӵŽи
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Ȼ򣬾ֻС棬һζһƽȻԴʮӡ
ĵǣ׼չɼ漸಻úϣ־ͬ˳׳ǡ
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ֻ˼գȺ򲹸ģƽŶ˵£̵߽Ĵڳǡ
˳ɽˮܸգ׳֡ʸʮڻ֮ƣرн߽
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Ӽ棬ƽ֚ЦԻˡ֮£ⲻΪٷľ߳ܣֱ˵ҾսʵǵзС
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ϣǰԳơ̡ķ֮ͽìܣֳԸҺٵصȴϣ»ҪһۡҪѹٵص޷ķֲ࣬ɹֳִ̼ҡ羸ɣҪдǻۡ
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⻰ƽ֚ζӣ뿪Цϵܶʮ꣬Ϊú󱲿Դǿڻѵ𣿵굾ͰһǼҳͣЩܻգҲ϶ദˡ
Ǻˡƽ̱ʾʡˣȥҼҿ»һֱǿڻѵľ档־棬Ҳδؾ״


ʮ Χϰ
Χ֮վӦȡǹƲ£ⲻòʹãȡʤŸպʩչƽ֚˵ģȻʾһ
ǧۼڴڶһɽ潫ʯǵľԴԴ͹þ³Χ׼;ڡ͡ɽǡϽ趨ʮΪתıվݺύ硣ھݵ֮䣬Բ30Ϊ׼֤СɵĲӿԳϦ
ÿվðԺǽڵľºر֤һĵ޷ӽٴɲӽҲ֡ڲҪռǲֿ⣬ѷʳߡҲ˽Աд·ѾĳĵضΣи¿ɹˡ
شΪ˱սҲҪָһЩʱԵļɢأԵıվת򻹲̫ࡣ
ƽʱ䵫Ϊԭ޷ά֣ܵ½ͨҪգ޳ݣ޳ĴֶڵصߺǿҪԶҲί̼аڲСƽ֚㲢δԽ˲ȡǿԴʩֻǰзֲǶԿȻٷȡ֮
ȱ㹻ùţȫһ֧ڶǲܵģվճάͷȻò൱һ֣ҪɸڵʿеȻ˿˷գ͹ɱֻҪ˱Ͳõκè塣
սʱҪ˵壬ڱվ֮Уġ̰īġʧְջپͬģʲôղ֡⡣ͬʱƯû͡ס֮ģ٣ҲȫɾԼǮϡ;ˣҲҪ͵˾⳥
ȥƺܲ飬Ȼǹ֮ͣʮеģϾԵֿ۸˰ðһգҲսƴǽҪǿһԡάֱվΪɣøġ״ȡֽ֮Ȩ֮ͣʱùڵǸ⡣
ŹƵĻᣬƽ֚ڽܽơơķ⽨վϵȻ̫쵫żءʿũĽ̶Ż
ǰߣǸֶֹε
ʮŴͲΪ飬ѡصԣڷڵʲôЧֻϣ۾飬ʱеǡ
ɣĵܸӣǷҲ˱һôʹôͻЧݻٽôܸЧɱؾȻָϱͻӻ߹еЩоһԡ
ڳͱٴƽ֚ں㴦ˮ̰ӺΪʹáȻеԶ̴ͬʱǲֲֺӽѹƺͷ
ռľҲһѧʡ̴ͨҵȻӦ⽣ӰѪĻʿֲ߱רҵɣԽɽΪרڿ̨ĳӣһֵѧϰ
ôӽ֮⣬ڳǽ򣬽еصھͳűƵĳԣҲǺбҪġ˳ɽ̽ˮûа취ϾľˮӦһ㶾ҩʲôġ
ͬʱҲ˴ͳߡ
ڷɣɽеĴ䣬սʱװ̫鷳еļνˣмɵ˲ࡣ
ҺҲʲôоĿƼݡ峵лƻͦģн˺Ͳϣϸóһ㶫ġ
ֻдҲ˸ҽӻС͵Ķû˽⣬ǶԹվϸȺͲǿҪߣҲǷɣȱĴͳڻоѾһչֿھڿøֻ
ˣԳƴ˽⵽ͶʯŪƷԽҵĶӵٶಽԶʯѾܶԳǽ൱صĴҲԷ䱺׼ľƽṹ֡ȶ֮󣬸оõģֱСʬ塣
Լֳ֮ŵ֮£صĹ˳ɣٵصãݵƽ桢ҳͨдһƳɳֵĲҲڳǡ
ﵽ򣬺֧ӦӴ
ӴϢΪʿṩͬʱƽּɳ൱챾ĴѲά
̵ֹıԴԴ˵ǰߵĲϣԼƵĹԱÿճǧĺķѡ
ǴʿйٸŶʮнʱҹͣ
ֶֹεĳԣеĶԳǽһ˺еûʲôɹеŪԼˡʿǲϵسǽùļʸͻҩ⡣
ƽ֚㲢δ̫ʵɵĴҲûаŷбǿǺĵİУÿı棬Ȼ̵Ӧ
ͺ񻨵ǮƵġ
Ȼϸ˵ȷʵôҲУ֯ս֮ʱƽ֚һȴڳ֣ºǿܹźǮ
ϾҲǮɵʲôأ
ʱѾɳʹˣȻֿ־Ǻܸߡ˵Ǳ췴ģȫһԲˣ׶ΣˣֻܽͶܽ͡
˽˵ؾȻǲ͹ƽ֚һֱҡͷЦʾʱ졣
Ĳ죬ȴ˵᲻³ΪϰЧûдﵽ
ڻѵǮǱҲĿĵһҪڽȺǰŸһ


ʮ Ƹȡ
Ԫ꣨1574µ£ƽܼ֚ĴƹڳǣΧ߽̣¡
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սؾգǽԫ̣ͲҲȽϳ㣬ƽֲ֚Ϸϸǿ˵볤ΧУ²ʲôֵһĳɹ
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ǰضɼʮΧСԭǾݴѰΧɽǶǷũӡβں֮ڣͽƣǲϸġ
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Ȼƽ֚֮߷磬Ŵ£д˻ظ˵ΪʿԱĻνսȲսкĿ๣ͽѴ֮Ц󷽣
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˾ٿνƽ֚硣
Ƕڴ˴ʦַҵԭʮֲ⣬˵ףìܸԴʵֻϵСͻİˡ
߽ԾӸţаȻƲƽּ˳ļҳʲôֵһĴ
о֮ı۵Ժܶ࣬˵оԹ˵ǿ˱ҵŮȴܾ߳ŭҲ˵Ǳ߽ײʲôıġ֮˵ĪһǣΨһϵǣ£ǳԶҩ衣
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ʮ֮󣬱ָ߽Ŀڣֻ뱣סԸҰһϵؼɡ
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ڱͳһ˫ٴνн档
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ˡթ֮£ȻȫעʲôʡؾҲûϷʵʵе׳ǡ
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ȸ֯񻧣ТȻСûͣϾвٹ˺ôĿšҷġ
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Щ֮⣬Լʮʯ̣ƽ֚һӣȫԼŮɣ˵Ĳ
뱾ʤͬûǿ֯ңԸ֪С


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Ӽ崫кʷԴ棬ͷȫκιϸ𡣴ΪضǿҪġ
˵ΪػְǼͷϴ̫ȲðᣬŲƹĻȡ͢·ߡ
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Сгݸ˼ҵȿԲ¶ȵģдֻкλǸ¡뷨ǽһ¡
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˵۶ȥ
ƽЦСӵΣǹ˵
Ҳȥ
СгĥղŵĻǰﲻ֪ʲôԢ⣬ɫ粻
ҼԭΪͬͦĵģ¸оղָܲ岻ģдҲϽ뿪ˡ
ҳͨСгһ˵ʲôȴַҡͷ̾δʡ̽׹ʲôʱ򷽱һΣ׾ʮֶŮ


ʮһ Ըµ
ȴ֮⣬ƽּҵڹ֮Ҳûšصû죬ȥɵĲҰͻУƽϲɫ
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ͬʱʯɽĸ紺Ĵߴ֮£ƽ֚úﴨڴһ³ǣȡǡ⣬ԴΪݵ㣬ʽϽɽǼϽءԸ¼ҵɴ֯С㽫Ϊˣĵذȥˡĳƺ
˳Ǽȿ復ռˮ½ĽͨóҪ壬ֹܷ֮عƽּҸأΡáµ;ԤƽɺǸĳǳء
ϲҪȫ򣬶ǲɽǡڡ͵ʮССΣáⲻΪʡǮΪعڵĶԡ
ƽ֚뷨кӱǲһءҳס֮˳ˮ۵ġ涨Ժδһɲ˽ԽǣеĳжǱҪ𽥲ȷʵбҪڵѲලά
ʱִУƵ˼·̵ִС
˵뷨ʲᣬĸȴûôࡣԸµ紺ãƽּҵĸҲȻʯɽͣҼҪسյһΣص˶Ůļͥ⡣
˻У紺ˡȮǰľƣΪʮǡǣԴܴ֮λŮԶׯ󷽣Ц̵ĳ棬һŮ̲ת˻ʦȴȲ߸ԷһۼߵƷȥ֮ܵ߶ͣƽ֚˵ȲŻ磬ѧҰɣν
һ仰½ˣž޽Ұͬʤĸ߶ȡ
ʵƽ֚ôأ޷ǰϷʱ򣬲֪Ұ¡ȴȲֹҵ֡
һǸСᣬʱû˽ǰ㴵϶û⣬ϾǾܹʷ
Ұ⻰᲻᲻͵͵ڼУͲƽ֚ῼǵˡ
ΪԸü죬һֻ˲ʱ̸Ů֮ϸ⣬Ҫ۱½ľơ
ƽǿƱʱйһѺɱģ󲿷ֶûжֻ΢жΩɼǫǹ˽㣬½ˮֱɱԽСܵǸأʹصһ
˫ìԴѾãǰƽΪƺԵ⣬һ䣬˾˵ͣҲ޷ˡ
½ͷ˽սʱԸµɼһһԱ׵񱣵ȣսʤԽС
պɼһڽ֮ģѡʹõڣթյ֮ȡôݣնǧˡ
һڱϾѸں֮ڣ첻һȷ䣬ڲɮͲͬ˺ܶ࣬˳ʱпɺһܾͳױˡ
վڱԸϣ½һڿŲһ˵ȥ˱϶ǲ˵ġȻֱأȴֱصġ
κͳ߿϶ϣΪܼӹ
رּҵ⣬޷ڻŵʱչ֣͸ˡ
ʵû˼ôԶƽ֚ʩӰ
ƽ֚ӦԷһǮʣĻ壬ԽǰΡ־ͬʱʩ⽻ѹҪС·ֹͣɼ֧֡
ԸΪ֧ǲġ
ƽ֚ش˵ҲףҪһԶڱ½Իս˵ڼҳвˣȰսϺƽҲľأ
⵱ȻǱ׼дʡ
˵˵ڼҳ˵˵Լˡ
ǱԸĳЩò磬һЩһɮԺȨ֮࣬Ļۡ
Ǿ͵ڸɵ棬ȥ֧Ŀ𣬶ҷ֧δ
վʯɽϣв̫ܽܡ
½ٲңԱԸĴҪ˵Ҫ϶ûʵҪ
ڽݣʵ
ĹȺԳҲԪΪףƽ֚㹴˶Էʺ󡢷ȵص֮ģͶԶơ
˭дѼռŸȴ˲սأﰡ˵νһ涨ĹҲǺŭġ
˵ҲסҲȫдʡ
ܼ򵥡µġܡ棬ֻǹ¸Ѫģʬ壬ź񣬲֪ǲˣͷҲû취֤DNAʲôġ
ʤҡľ㼪Ŷţ
һͽ򴨼ο໥׷˲ҵϵģѶ֮·еԩеȷ£˳ҲڳһЩֹ֧ųļ֮ͽǴһֱ¶档
ʼղ˰ġ
ٷɢ룬˼ȻţôҲҲвСĿԣѾĳЩˡ
վƽ֚˳֮Զһͽ򴨼ο໥ٽҷҲûѲ˼ҵľӳǰ
Ȼڴ˻һƲ֪ǾĵˣɼǱӻ˲ľ£Ҫ
һ˵ڣĻϲ⣬˿©ŵҰ֮
ǺΣ
λԶ
ƽ֚ġ͸¶˵ַ߽̣ǻֻǲ˵
Ըźʡ
ÿһƺһȴܸоﲻԡ
ϧöԻʵ˽ⲻ࣬ץסص㡣
¼ڴˣһָĿԲ˿ӻǲľµ˿־Թ᳹ƫɴ䡣
һʱû㣬ֻܹЦ˵¾򣬾СңҲ۵ѣĴҵ˿Ұıǣ¶Ȼ֧ƽּҡ
ƽ֚Ȼ˵ҵ
ɲ֪ɺϣһߣ˵仰յϢ˵ԳΪģơβš־Ħ붯ң
˭ʱ˵˵ʤһ桢֯Т˶УԸ֤µһͽҲȻҪɫ
Ըʱβѡ


ʮ ˮĽ
ľ֧ҰȺɽ֮⣬򙡢ŨŨβţǱݵҪˮϵ֮һԴԶ겻ˮ棬㣬ɽһũߡ
뺣֮ǰ˺볤Ҿ쳴۱ڶ£ˢޡӵκó֮ȻϸӰ졣
ʮǰһڵڰ˴˵Ļ˥΢´ңԸ֤Ժ֮˿ɣܱߵơβšŨɢ̣һ·ѿʢʱԳе٣ͽʮ򣬿ʯɽۡ
ֵȻǴţôĵ˵Ҳеɻ
֯իٵȼмȨԸ֤ϲṹɢһ޷ԿΣӿ޵ĺĵشȻա
ͽڿ϶ԶԶʮˣ¹Ӧ֮䡣
ֻҪϲɮǲʲôַУ֮Ĵ־ȻӻǺܺùġ
Ϊһǿôȫûأ
ǡη֯ųУһڵ׼ƽλˡ
ԺҺͷǣ˼⿪ʼ

λλ밲ҽԸ֤µĸɮѾӦˣֻҪÿǹʯһǧŲ̣ˮҲһֱȥ棬Ҳᱣǵİȫģ
Ҿ쳴ͳ֮ӵĳߡũ͹׳ǣһˣΪˮɵֶֺԲߡ
׷ףĪһǣеӱֺܿ챻
һӻ֮أˮһʮָӣ˵ޣʵɴСȵĶɵһ򣬺Ӱͷȴ¡
򳤵Ը֤ˣǿɣҰ̫ɣˮ˷Լ70ĶǸӰͻˣ߳Ƕı
ȵǰİ취Ľʱ׳Լƣһˡ
иɼ׳˵ԼŵһڵȻνڵģôܸԸ֤ϹԺ󻹺˼ȥ
Ұ̫мƽϣ㵹ȥڵĺаȺֻ񲻰£ÿǮܰŷأ
ɼ׳Դŭȴ֪Զԡ
а׷ҡͷ˵ǰ֯ТˣֻˣǼһڿǲ̫Ը
Ұ̫Ц𣺡ȴ֪ڽƵģƽִˣ֯Ҳƽֵģƽϸһڣף½֪𣿾ƽּרΪӭȢʯɽԸµĴС㣬Ŷģ¹Ʋˣʱпȥǿ֪ƽ뱾Ը¹ϵУβơ
׷ϸ˼һǿͷʾԽܡ
СӵСɣǼǧʯʳǧⲻ󡣳˹˰֮⣬ҲӦԸ֤µҪ󡣵ǳֻҪôһ㣿ûб
Ұ̫ɶʱã⻰˵ƭƵģɮ㲻֪ƾ֤ʱһգ֪־٣ǲҺˣ
СٺһЦźײ˼صͷȥ
ڰ㿴ңҿ㣬ԭû˷
ϸȻ
е˱ʾϵǣһݹڶӾѹˡˮҲòʵڲ
е˹ע񷨲棺Ҫǰ˵ôԺ͵ǣȸ֯˰ҲԸ֤Ϲպ˾һǺͿˡ
е۷䷽⣺֯ҵ˰ӸġԸ֤µǲǱһ㣿ƽ֣ǰͷ㣿߰㣿
ǰһҰ̫Ҳ޷شġ
ϾҲֻܸԸ֤µвɮϵϲͽ᲻ϡ漰⣬ҲǲԵġ
ƽձһǰƿˮε飬ڴΪʦװʲôѻ˷ḻĺƾ飬ҲŲæ
ֻҰ̫ɴһЦг״ѧһڸɮģػ˻֣Ҫңһһңһһ֮ǾʶֻгԸ֤²õľˣ
˵ʱƶ࣬߾˫֣³˾黳Ĺԣһס˾ˡ
ۺɶʱʧƬ̣Сòǰʡ
Ұ̫ɫȻ׼⣬չ֣Աߴ
ˣˣ
֯ɵˣ
Ѿ̫ƽʹ󸣴棡
Ͼ͵
ɢҪۣ
ϸһȫŮߡ
ٲ׿ȥǼδŮı˹
ףⲻҰŮ𣿡
ŮԣŮ
ǺǣŮҲ൱İɣ
ιǾͲ˵Ϣɶ𣿡
ǣŮӾ˻꣬ͷСġ
Ƭ̣Сܵǰ
Ұ̫ĿɿڴһˣҶ£ɶʲôˣ̫֯ƽʹ󸣴幫ʲô
ȿȣġ֯Ҫά̰ӣˮǡҰһɤװúܳȵӡ
Ǻ°Ұ̫ɲ⡣
˵ΪҪز¼˲ᣡ̫ˣû٣Ұ˫ֲҧгݡ
ʲôɾ͡Ұ̫ɴʧɫ
ǹʢ֪ͨ֯Тˣ˻ҰСƺе㺦ߣʿϤ
һͷ˽һ¡Ұ̫Ĵҡ
УһֹʲôġǵҲȥָǳ˵ҰҶ˵ǰԲ˼Ǳˡ
ôһ𣿡Ұ̫üͷ
ŷɣ취ˣȻ꣬ԲΪҳ̫ˣҰ߬Сȭͷڿл¡
𾪵ˣϾȥõĿɰ֮ˣֻٴС
ز¼˲ᣬڴ˵
Ŀǰһʷԭ򣬼Ȩ̫ͣ˰Ҫԡ롱ΪҲ˵Ըݣ壬걨˰ȡ
ǰǵȻɵӣҲ֪è壬ޣֻҪֲĲ̫࣬ͻջԽܡ
˵Ұ̫ڵҰ塱ֳչʵа˾ʮˣʳʯϣֻ˵ʮʯһ롣
ȻƾĵزŮԱůеġ
Ӧģǰղ̫Ǯ;ܾеŲǴģַҲôģҪԼǮ취
Ұ̫ɾͶΪƷҳԸ֤°æ
ڵ֯ТȻһȽǿƵ
ûʲôӲʵƾƽּһͣʵɲһ㡣
ǿƵҪز¼˲ᣬȻȻġ
Ǿܽܡ
漰ĿԼѪǮϻʲôǮ
ãҰ̫Ȼλţȸµ٣ģǡǡҪҳԸ֤µĹϵ跨У


ʮ ɮµ뷨뷨
žڵҪּһڱ塮Ը롮򡯺֮ڡ޲з𣬵з𣬱ʲôȴǴнеĽޣеĽ򣬸ĿվѲˡ֮Ψʥ˲͸ĩ֮˺ƾʵΪǣԵɺϸӦ˰ӷնޱԸΪ컯о㶨Ȼ𣿲о㶨Ȼ޷𣿲ȻŸӦ֮ȻȻľٶͯ׽ĸһ㡣ֶǿУ·ƫ˵ġν𡯵ĵٽΪˡ
Ը֤µĴ֮ϣüĿɷǵ֤У˹׻׻գΪŵ׵ӽѧʣȻһĿ׶ɮ˼Ҵߵſڣʩ߶š
һԭǱس¼ɡ
һͬɣķһеɮרоѧеɮרŸʵ¼ϾǺߵе̳ûκۼңͽǲġ
ʱ¼ɽ˫üɫ࣬ٴУ֤಻⾪ȣæס񣬶Ե˵շˣռ
Сʵˡ
֤ⷢʣٺ˲У
¼߹׳еõĲչʵȥԻԺң֯񴨡ˣ׷βźɣȸطأ½˲ķ
֤ԵǶֵҲ죡ǻûüҶռ¼أ
ֹ£ʵѾдίǳֹˣ¼նպ¾ţᱻڴߵ֮ڡ
˼Ҫ£Ҳ˳֤ҡͷգȻ̲Ļ֪֮Уȷʵм֮Ȩɵģкɸ棿Ե޹£ƽּҵŭʯɽҲ֧֡
ǺϷأȻɡǡ¼ɼթһЦ׶ӸйУ̯ɣգأɽϣΪԭնˡ
ٵ˼ǡ֤˲׹ɫһ²԰ףȿյ䣬Ȼվ򡭡ҪıɹȻǺáһйɾ͡ɾʰ
ôԺǷģţӳܱЩرռأ¼ɹ˷ʣĵĻɱһ鷻٣ȻȨ๡
š֤ԳĬƲúȻӦʦǣʱܹ飿
ʦǰ½֧Ԯʣţߵٻ衭Ҳܻ¼װģһһ̫ŵ
£вС֤ҡͷôõĻ͵ĬϺãǻʧȥĵġ
Ժҵ˼ǡ¼ѯ̬
Ͱ԰ɣԸգԴУ֤ҧսȭͷᴸڵذϣֲҼʯɽ跨ͨƽּҵĹϵĲãˣ
ףԺҷġ¼ɷ

һʮ16⣬񻧳ǵĶ֮֮УʢֺȻ䲻˸磬⣬ֻΪǷ䣬˹ؽŴ²Ͷ뵽С
־;ʢء
֮ǰʢֻǸ΢ĩһС򲻹֯¹ͶųĶТµСеĵλʮ⡣
ʱƼʻᣬĪ⣬ԭлȨս⵽ϴһ¿ճλ
ʢץסֳƽַ֚ƣͷվ֯˺壬ɱڱҵˣ֯Тλһٵ̨Ϊ¹ءĻˡ
ϾϵֻʵûӲֶΣͷͳǲܵġ
֯ТʶȤϰѼشν˹ʢ֣Ϊسˡ
һǧʯ֪евʿʮʯص׸֮λνǸܲķչպټҶˮǴߣҲлġ
һлȡҾ͸ò
֮ϲɺء
һʢֲû̫ʶ֯ƽֵϴҲ֪ļȨǿıҪ;
Լ֮ʮӡ
ȻҲףǲҪһԾ⣬ֱܷҪЮգȰදȵһеİ취ڿ֮С
ʢȨԽԽأ޽ƵĴ㣬ϸϸⶨ³̣׼û¶١Ưû͡סĿռ䡪ȻҲδǸֵı¾ˡ
ʵ뵽Ҫһ֣ͷƤˣҲܱҲֵֻȴ´ջһ£պʵʩʱ
龫ǣʳþԼд˲ݰ֯Тġ
ֻˡƣ°Сһ֡
֪ǳھԵأ֪űȷȨأ
Դ˹ʢ־Ѹ˽ȥ
ǿ֯Тʢǩģ
ʱҲûעⳤԸ֤µľٶּ
ʢΪϹġ
ĻӦǣ˷أֻһʩУδ˿ַκĲ䲻֮ȨԸ֤ʲôɸеأ漰ֻ˵ǷǷռأôĵĿɲҡ
ڹʢֿ֯ТȨƽּұ飬ǸǣһںУŪʲô


ʮ ʩ
ɽɪҰ̫ɶϸƵػص¶̱ڵϣ̾൲ѡ
Ůˮȣȥˡ
ֻ߶š̫̫ǵҳԸ֤²ɡʿүݡ֮Ļ
һ񻧳ǣתźü䣬һе·ӣ˼Һ˺þƣϥĵ׷ʡء֮µʵͲЬˡ˭϶Էŷڲ͸¶ĩһ䡰δãҰĵűǡ
ܰģ
пɿ͸¶ʮᣬѾϢͨʿСӴ̷һЩڲϢ
˵ִµĹʢֱ֣Ӹ嶨Ӳָ꣬ǣռؽֻܶ಻١
̫ƽ廹Ǵ󸣴壬ҲİʯʮʯͲˣƫƫǱյˣ֮ÿҪһٰʮʯʳ
⵱Ȼܽܡ
ǴֻΣ
Ұ̫˼룬ã¶ģһҧһᣬ͵ץȥ
Ůһľȥϴ֮Ȼ˻꣬Ҫȥİʲô²١
ոռʮ˵ҪȥգܵŻģʲô˵飬ǿüҾС
Ұ̫ڱɣ̤ǰƬʧС
һһ㶣Ӧһæˮڵϣһ·СܵеϵҪȥһˣº᲻ᱻۣǸô찡

˵ϣϽеˮˡҰ̫߳ţһ·ߣ˺ӰһڶɣԶɺӡ
շÿÿһģͭóŴĥ̫˵⣬˵ǶǮеĶǮˣĲܵһʹ
Ұ̫ûۣѳһöϸڶԷ
ӹĶ꣬־ǸԵ⻬ǮܵĶǮʱϲе㲻ԥŸò˵ʵǮأȴûڰͣƬ̣ҴҾˡ
İ¡
Ұ̫ɻ֪Լʧ˺üǮһ˼ֻǰ
˳һǧٲڶӳǰҾ쳴˴ѾǳԸ֤µķ룬·˹ܣޣ̰Ӷܿٸոˮȫֺۼ
ϣ⾰ѼΣΨһΣҰ̫Ľ
һֹ˼֮Խᶨ
ţǳ޵ĵؽ硣ٹռ䣬ΪǵСϪ̫ɽǰĴš
ǰ֮ͨҰ̫صȺš
һڸɮǺεǰһݷãҪȵŵüհðǰʧ²Ҫ죿
Ҳһʱ嶯ˣԭ׼׵ϸϸʽݷòŶԡ
ʱܽһϾ˼أǺã
鷢֮ǰȥ棬鷢֮ȥֹȻǰߵѶҪͺܶ౶ɹҲҪߺܶ౶
΢еʶСҲǶġ
ֶ£ûɣĿˣܲͷɫҰ̫սսվðţϵˮԷ
ﲻʱð۵ͷֲϲҵʮìܡ
ֻСʱһؾгɡţɫؽ롣
һ٣˶ԴΪʲôꣿɵ𣿷µķּ룡
ŵ࣬ڵս飬Ҳҳ
Ұ̫ͷֻһ
ͬʱȻԭЩɶСװһڵĸɮǻǰһϰվһģ˵͸ģ˵϶ȫҥ
дҰ̫ҴУһ侲׵ƫᣬȻ΢Цһָס֣֤ʦ棬飬˼Ҫ׶
֤Ժң
⻰Ұ̫ɶʱҲˣͷҲˡ
Ը֤µס֣֤ʦʲôˣǱԸµĵϵ߲㰡
ũصڽ̽統еλߵĵȻǰӷȻ˸߸ϣȨüܼĶ壬ʯɽԸµˣǷĻ
֤ʦһڵĵλˣŵڶţǸ֮ģ
Ǻܸ߾Ͷˣ
Ұ̫ɲվ·ˣ·еİ£֫ãͷ᷿ſڣͶطʩ񣬲СˡСˡҡҡ֤ˣ
ŵĹأֻ֪λߵɮӦýˡ
ﴫˬʺصɤƶɮʸơˡʩҡԺҡˡؾ̧߽ͷɣ
ǣǣлԺңлԺңҰ̫ǰ˼£̧ͷһۣѸٵȥ
ǰϺбׯϣŭҫһȦķ⣬ű޾ηæ˼ͷ̤ʵ
֤⿪ڵ˵ʩΪ˼֮ǰ
ǣǣҰ̫æӦǸءǸʢ֡Ǹ˵ʲôӲָꡭǸ𣬰࡭Ǹ
ǹڼȫ״ΣĿİͰͣľӡ
Ȼ֤Ⲣδ¶˿Ͳͷɫϸϸ˰죬Żͷظʩ˼ҴѾˡʩڵҰ壬Աƶɮ֮
лԺңҰ̫Դϲͷ絷⡣
Ȼ֤Ϊ״ܳһڡȻҪأ֣ҲóȻ档ԡšȣϣܾǰյĹ⡣ͬƶɮúýһЩ͵زܲҳʲôܾصɣΣ
ͰԺ˵İ죡Ұ̫һ˿ݵǣѸٱ֮Ժˡ
ôƽ׽˵һڸɮǱķкʿŶˡ
˼ݣƭ
һܽģ
ٺò֤΢Цŵͷʩģƶɮһ߾ܣð̰


ʮ ȡ
Ұ̫Ļж֮ģܵԸ֤µдڿͷ˯һҹ
޶żҹΪػ˲һ¼ʿΪ꣬񻧳Уڴиũľ
ʱزˮϣõչˣʿֻ˴Դȣڷȴһ㲻ɡ
ʮΡ
ϣºڷߣȻ𣬴ҽС
˲ֻϵ֮ʱֻʿүѾѪ֮УദĴ˿ڡ
ǴʧɫĿɿڴǣһλ¸صĳ˵˴ңڴ˵£Լáܡҹٺۼʬ
񻧳ڷδʱӣһСʿѯʡǱڿһ˵֪ʿҲûʲô취ºиɫɣץѶֲסʵ
֪࣬ʿǼȾŭʿʮˣΧ˴ׯҪдվܵ顣
ִƵʵͷ񣬵ҲвִΪ鵱ıԷԲģóݲ桢Թľդ׼Կ
ãʱҰ̫ɴһλһɮˣһӳԸ֤»ͼοˣȴţһĳ档
Ұ̫ɶʱſڽ಻֪롣
ͬеһɮˣȴģͦʿʣʾҪΪѰգһҪʩչʲôֶεĻȡƶɮͷɣ
ݣ²ɵΪгԸ֤ɽӲϵʲô¡
񻧳ǵʿҲǸִֵˣԣ˺УԲϷŹǿɱľդ֮УɱӲˣ׽סʮ״ơˡĳ߸Ѻͻȥ
Ұ̫ŵõڲݴսս춯ߺŮȻڼң˿̶൰ֻ̾ԼûбôֲȥԸ֤֪Ǻá
ȴֶ־Ȼط׷˽顣
侲һ룬԰ǵˣʵǴڵġ
ʲôģͲţ۴ķ棡
Ƿ˵ɽǹأ˵ܺƽּԩأ
ûĻƽּٷھڽ͡
ֱ߲ȷľһֻỵ°
һҰ̫ˡ
һȺǸԩƽ⣩ֹķ¡оһ֪ǹ⴫Դ޵ģСѾͷȴ֪Ϊйƽɽ
Ұ̫ɷ飬Ҵ½Ϊʲôеĵ
Ȼšڻʲôİ취ʣȴԶԵġ
Ůһһߴߴ˰죬Ұ̫ɱӾǲ̫Ӳģվû͵סǿӦá
Լʰ³
Ů˵ҪһȥǾƲģͷһ룬ڴʱҲδذȫɴͬȥΪֻҪʵһ㣬ϸסգ鷳
ŵи˼޺˵̫˵õ볤Ը֤¸ɮæûأôʿɮҲץˣ
Ұֻ̫Ӵܡ
ȥԸ֤£˿šҲǴȥˡ
ҲˣûвϽ¡

ӳޣ£վֻҪһչ
ƽּٷˣȻڴ˵͡
Ѱϰͼݷãˡ
ΧˮйͨҪߵģģ׵ģȫŹˡ
Ұ̫ŮȻĽ˵ûɣֻǴԶѣִô׼ǵҲȥ˺ڣǹסһʱ䣬Ǻܰȫģһ˻ȥ
ֻȻͷܡ
ʷ굱ؼٰ죬ּϹôȳΧ̣ɿɹйʱУϢʾڶк֮Ķؾ£ǸŮһ˵ǿɢģЩֵǮװκʳ΢Žһ֮⡣
Ұ̫ɱΪܰѹǰƽˡ
Ůһ죬ЩУҰ̫ͭ壬ۻǴӦˡ
ϴգƽּҵٷˣҲʯɽԸµĹɽƼҵŮɴ֯С㣬Ȼڴ֮ͥ£Ӽ˼İգ֪ֻġ
ˣͬһ㣬ƤܹȥӣԲ󺰴ͼע
Ұ̫ɴ󼱣ںźţɵǼ˵İգ϶ԤȰźãӵİ
⻰鷳
һƺݵ곤ãһ߳ǳڽʲôʲôԤȰźӣ֪ʯɽԸ¡ɽƼңƽּҵڳİкγ鵱ȻǰԣǼҡǼﵱȻҲʸ񣡡
Ұ̫ɱùѪͷԴһػ
ΧҲ׷ָС֮ĶȾ֮
ɴ֯СֻݸһЦԶԶ˴˵Ƕ⣬ҲΪǰǵһЩȺ֮Եʣܹ֪һΣˣƽ⣩Ȼȡ⣬ģλɷġ
ҰҵŮôƽּٷ˵ǰˡ


ʮ ж
ҰԸõ״֮ʱľѸټ
ڽԸ֤µׯ֮ڣ˰˷׷⵽ϮʮɮºϰٸбץΡ
񻧳ǵĹʢжڡعвɱСͳͻûзϣֻԸ˵ɮҾнȷ޹պǲͳտԽʵĿʣֵһɴģ۶
Ը֤µ֤ס֣˷¼ɣʿ̬ƣҪСͨ
ʢֲͬ⣬Ҳе䱸
˫ؿԼʱ档
У߸ִһʣ缫ȫ޷һ¡
ʿһΪΪػְ֮ԿڸأȻȨĻƽּں汳飬м޿֮¡
ⱻǵˣȫ޴ȱ֮ġ
ɮºũһǲռģ֪ŪݷƵĳ¾飬Ѵʱ˾һɫȡȨ
öѰժ䣬ȡ֡
֮漰⣬˭Ըɿڡ
ڱʱķɣڸؼȨر˰Ҳȫͬ˰ʺʵ˰źܴĲĳЩǿ˻ȨĴȡ߳ɵĲ¹ڹĿһЩͳθĴȴֻյһɵ˰²޿κΡ
Ҳþ͸á
籱Ƶʵʽıֻһɰһ㣬ȥˣӦģΰˮ֮Ͳ̫ģҪ򸽽綨ϹƽʱҪԼǮַء
ʢóȻءʱûϸʵʵ
ʵðǸеηΣ޷õ㷺ͬͬʱֲɱҪʳ
ؿ˫ѡʮ˰졣ĵ©һһڹ涨ʱԡ
ٳٲܴﵽһ£ĸ֮£ɼͬѼٹ˼κ档
ղ֪˹ʾżȻ߻ĳһɮгŵںȻһ޴ͬζɢ
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ʿǷ׷װεɮ°಻ãһʱš
ǰ߾żףȫװ˶ڣڡ
Ű죬ãȴĻɵɱԷ˱ڣƴ˰ˮûô֣ߵ䣬ȥ
˲̫ˣֻмùԼ̫ˤײ˵ġ
ƽǰȻѾٳ
񻧳ǵĹʢֲžòһϽսһ֯Т־桱Ը֤µ֤ס֣ǽصľҪίθ¼ɣԳʯɽȥѰ֧֡
ɴΪ֪
Ѹٴƽ֚ͱԸĶߡ
˸ոջڴꡰбȻܱһƽ֮ģ֪֣ջѣҪڲһǿȨ
̲˱ҲЩԾյӼĻţ˵֪䣬ȡжδֹӦɿƾƣ񻯡ʱţ£븸ϼ¡
ôһأ

˵Ǳߣɴ֯Сһʱ𣬽Ӽãȡ˳¡
Ұ̫ȴ棬Ϊһˣ˼֮ᣬԶСɰ
ûɰܵƸĹؼء
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һɮ߽󣬴СģƵϡѧԨ
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˵һˣǣβ󲻵ôôûġ
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˼һɪг¹顣
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ƽ΢˼һ¡
Ŷ̫ȱСгʹߣʹ񻧳ǣʿǱߵ治
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¼ʮ΢ڳԸ֤µķ٣ʮǰʯɽԸµȥġսɲá
·֮ƽԲɫԸߡҰҸŮúã͸¶ƽҰȨƽóҳСɡ̫飬Աʱ


ʮ ̸ϵ
һһ֮ɢԼǿ
˼һ桢ʤҲ»ʩսԭֶαȹʢһ࣬ǵ˸⣬ûм̫ķ
ȻԸ֤ߵһƬֳܱ֮Ҳܵһɮ»ԾǵĸԾԾԡ
񴨡Ϊ˷ֹ⣬Ҳòȡϴʩʱս׼
˽ŵա
ַ̼˸֪һϣԵĶѭ
һʱ廨ŵڷѸٴ
̻̲Σ
Ϣܿ챻ص鱨Ա˰ǣǣλǣеۿ޷ʰƽּеѹûʶ
ͬɮҲûڵһʱϱʯɽԸ¡
ǶԴǲ̫˵ġ
˵˴ΪԴҲ̫е
ƽּȴǴд󶯸ɸ
һ񡱷֮û죬Сг񻧳ǣܵ֯Тļӣˡسǳأɮ¡ͽաָʾ
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첻ԡ
һ桢ʤҲյָʾ
ԭֻسԱѣûлˮĴ㣬ȴֵ
֮ƽӶˣᳵϵѡһڵԺΪϡҪټ˫սǷǡ
ǿưѻһһص̸ϡ
ûзԴ˾
Ը֤»УʯɽԸµѹ£չֳ
Ҳ˵˵̬ȣ˵ƽһڵĴүһҲҲ
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ԸҲһ
ŶһڲǺֻˣǿͬ⡣
ƽ֚㻺ضͷδǰʲôָʾζ뿴һдᵽһ
ΪĸĽЩĪĵǣϣ
̬Ǻܸӵġ

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˫Ը˵Ծ𵶱֮ǰһ˰չͺܺαһҪɱɱۡһô¡
˵õʮ㣬Ȼݷ
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Сг࣬Ҳࡣ
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ʮǰʱ˾ػһɫˣѾصȨȡ
ʱƽⷴ¶Ȥ
˫ִصһƵĳ¾飬ܼƹԼҳ
ʿǾֱֶЦ֪ϻ˭һһֵظѰժأ
ɮǼ˵Щʮ飬ǡĻǡϿɳԸ֤ȨḶ́ܺԡ
ʿһ˵Ҫûȥо
ɮֲϣ˵Ĵ۸ĻٻҪֻ⿴
ƽּҶĿ棬߲̫Σûж֣໰Ҳ⣬ŭ죬Ʋ
״Ⲣе̫ȡ
ֻ˸
Сгյָʾקһʱʿ
ҪĶ飬ƽʾɡ
ʿ˰ʱٶΧ˴۵СĪصţ֪ڸʲôá
ʱ˽£һЦ˵Щ⣬ϣƽ⣩˵潲
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ʿʵȣӦӦ飬ػ巢ΪһǡһɫһǡһɫұʼҼǵõʱƹػδи档
ɮ´ʧɫԡ
ʮǰľˣ˭ǵô°
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겻Ȼشֵһ飬˵ǰҾ쳴ͽ͹ˣ֪Ԫ귢˺ˮĵʱؿɲ
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ʿϲɫ˵Сг˴Сͯ˴æ
껹ָֹͣ©»ʮ³ϣٶλʦıʼٴʦڵʮʮ˾ԲˡԲ֮ǰʮվȻܵʵЩš
Ը֤µ¼Ŀɿڴ˰죬ǱغվҪһ⼸⡣
ƽͬ⡣
һʱ֮һǱߣҲǳһȥ귻٣̨˾һһ˻ش
Ӧ֮ʱһɫۼʱӣ˼ģһɫ¿ɼȰ¼ҵʵ¼г
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»ʮϣͶλϧʱýī֭ؼͿۣ޲ʱˡ
٩٩̸Ȼְеָժ֮Բ˻ȥ
Բúòã˸ʵ˵ҲóһЩ֤
һʿȴʮǿƣٴһ˿һ귻٣вɫ΢Ц˸յ
˵ѵһţֶʱĶ飬ϢԼۺϱƽǰֻڱźϼ
ɵ棬Ȳܶϰ˶
СгԻ˽ʯʮ½Ŀ֮ġ
¼˵·֮Ӵƽʮߣǿʶƶɮ档


ʮ ÷ʡ֮
ʯƽԶٶαչ˼ҵۡ
ǰйĿ츳ھһıͨ֡
ɳ֣š
ʱݵ䣬ʱƻľʱֱȡҪʱ߳ʱȷˣʱԾƶ֪ϧ֮⡣
˵ȫˮƽұȽϵµܰ͸Ļ˲ô࣬Ҵ󲿷ֶǳµʫʸ踳ϹŰ壬ھʵߡ
ܶƫԶĵ鶼ڣ⿿ѭͿͷԼά򡣻вٵطȻļźǩΪ⣬־©ì֮ȱȽǣʮΪ̣òơȫϣΪ׼
ȻҲڹضַĹԳϵĴڼ
ʯǰʼܱߵĴׯгд飬ǰСгھߣһֱͺȺƽΪ¡Ը֤·ǳ꣬Ҳǹεİ֣ڷȨǮƽ
һ˴˶
ԣ粽á
ʱ֮󣬷ԽԽг˽ſϵĲԵǶȣ͹۵طα
ʿǺɮǣŶòζеƫּǶֻ۰Ͱ͵ţ˵
ΪʯʹƽĶ̫󣬷Ӧ̫죬̫ǿѰ˸ûϽ࣬춼֪ô塣
ƽ棬Ҳû취ѹˡ
̫ˡ
ʢ¼۵С۵ģ޻˵
ǶóƤӹ˾ˣ׳˵ʲôˡ
Сгͬʹˣ̻֮ӣǴŪףƫʿһɣù̬ȡ
ҲȫȻãר־ʯȵĶÿһ仰ȥѧϰģ£ϣгһտԽΡ
ļûʶˡ
ɺͼ˲ϵصſȴʼǡѽôⶼǵãһ˵ҲеﲻԡЩȫԼˡ
ȫûҪǸǰһ
ƽͬʲôóҧĽֵˣֻζţ־䣬⣬ֻרעʯʹݵеĺĲ֡
̸˴ʱ˿ʼƣûôʱƽ۶ϣ
ʰʯλǲ˰죬˼ѾסԸ֤óĶٷ飬һһĻдȷʵӦЧҲкܶǴġеϸ©ɵ⣬еǷǩ֮ʱǵòȫ棬ʵʡô˵ɶ𣿡
أƽóϷ״ߵ׵ǻ棬һеģʤ׸ǧˡδã˼
ʯЩԣҡͷ˵δˡģСгһƨɣŷӦæ׵顣ϰɡ
Ȼĸλ˭ûʸȥƽּʯɽԸ¼Ůӡ
ٱϾܡ
˼һ᲻ʧΥյµԺ¡
ƽ⻰һתûȥֱߵĶԴα׳һµ⣺ǿ飬ǿͨģΪִҪ𵶱أΪʲô·ĵһʱͨأΪҪȵſԻص̸أ
⣬ٺ鶼ûκθı䣬Դеĺȴ
֮ûмʱϱȻΪѾãĻйҶϰԵԼ档ƽּ˾ȻûгΪеĹڰ
⻰ֻ룬˵ɾˡ
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ʵȷʵǺƽּҶԽΰĸˡ
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ڵ൱ϰߡ
Ч֮ƽ׷ӵʵɼѾԼ˷ҼҵͬˣֲҰģȻֵġʢֵشңʱ򣬺Ȼأòǣܵʲô˵ߥ޹ĴΪ֮İɣ
ʢԣ˲侪ú£Ŀ࣬ηίߵ׽¹޶ۣûп̫飬ڷ´󣬵ûв֮İ죡
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¼Խп࣬˵үѶԸȴ¶гЦݣƶƽ⣩ģԸ֤֮УԲֶӵΪУ˵ƶɮҲݲ˵ġ
Ǿ̫ˡƽ˿ѧŸ׵ӣԼûë°ͣЦ֮㡣ҾͲټƽˣҸԻһ£ǰЩӣǷаܵ˵ô˵λ·֮󣬳ٳٲҼҡĻ飬ȴͼԵ⣬Ҫ̷ʡĵط
ڡҼҡ͡Ļʣƽⲻ֪⻹⣬΢һ¡


ʮ ӵĲ
ʯȵڹ˾ĥʿɮǵĶ־ץסδʱһŬôƽסĺ㽨顪
ȣˣȻϵȨ飬ôͱʱάУʮǰľ£ѱ棬ҲҲ˽ˡ
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ҹ涨˲ԭҪڸ£µڣִ̣ʱûȷ
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񻧳ǵĹʢ֣¹ڴªڵ⣬Ȱ롱ڼұž˼¡ڱذȨԼϵãԸҲĺϷ֯Т
¼ɣΪ٣紵ݶķӦ̫ңµľк棬顱ʯɽϰһ𷨣ԡͷߵʩչȨ
ⶼǿȥĲãȻӲе˵ɣȷʵǿƽּһĴڸС
ƽ֚ͱԸһӼʿ򰲸ʩѹ˸߲ӡѾͨǶľֹ顣

˽£ƽǽ̸ףյȴѰζЦݡ
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⻰š㡱˼
΢ʧ̫ģֺ棬ߵ״˽
㽫뻺òֵһᡣһ֮ռ֣ʱֹ˱ʣΪʲôҰҸŮżȻжѣԤڶȻ˴˴ξ飬͸γɴһϸɡˡĸ߶ȡ
һ㣬е㲻ΪȻұ˵ڶ㣬Ȼ򣬸еóϷ
̧ͷŸ׵ӰԾɥ
ȲˣϾղ˵ģвࡣĶôϵôݣž츳ɣ
ѹ߲Ů˶е֧穣ϴʮǳ辮ء
ƽֹס˼󣬳̡
һץס˫ûмʱͨһ㣬ܶԡԺԷкˣҲδʧȥжʱϱˣҪԳͽ䡣෴ֻҪʱʵҲԼӿ嶡弸֮㼰ʱԸݵԶһ³̡
æס
ֵߣӦġϵȨ͸࣬䡣ȻðԼȥϷãСһûжʹҲƴӣʱ䳤ˣվڰȡӦһע֮Ļ䶨йѲأܵ˵󡣡
ʾɻΪΡߡ᲻ڰȡ
Դûϸֻ̾һʷľѵͲ˵ˡ
ֻøʣȼס˵
ٵ⣬¾ʧЧ˲һ㣬ǻĴ취ȻͷôΧСɽǡڡ͸֪ͨȥʷʵĹ˺磬´֮ǰϽļպ󲻻
ʾ̡ܽ
˵Ȼ˵˵нʿʯٴƽˣʮֻԾνţ
ǣæͷüյѾְˣǡʯ֪ϣСг»ۣƽ˵ɴ֮ǰ͡
ԹЦŶӼӢ־Ȼ볣˲ͬûô򵥴򶯡˶羮ɡٻ֮ʷᣬߵġδţͿˡ
˼
ע⵽ղŸװѾʯΪͬһεˡķּ׼ʲôأֵо

ӵ֮ƽصסɴ֯ŹӭӺݵ̬ۡ
˵˵յĵʧ
ɴ֯һת˵ڸ״˵ġѲظأߡһ£Щʵʵ룬֪ò˵
ںһӣ޷
ɴ֯΢Ц΢ıһ£˵ҰãƽּɳȥѲεԱŵԽ֮ȥȻ˻ᣬܵעͣΪߵĲҡ
ȵȵȵȣæͣǰ滹Уʲôҿû˼ĳ඼ǵá
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ɴ֯渵Ҫ֪֮£ǲôģҲ޷ΪˡΨ漰Ů鰮Щϲֵּİ
ȷʵеԴ޷ϸеףôһԵǸɫ⣬ɫ޶ȵ𣿲̫׵ɣ
ôأɴ֯ϵõƷкԣΪܸһϼѵİ˲ŲòŮΪҵģ
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ȿȡղŻ˵ǵòɴ֯Ӱ
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ļͥȷʵֵذʶͷ
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飬ϵйɣ
ǲǵĳЩʤأ
ʯɽԸ³ǹɽƼŮɴ֯ȻǸϵء


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ǰоȨǩ飬ձ鱻ΪòʺϽҪڷеļල͵ƶʵѾʼķ롣
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ĿǰģǣƽּҵľӼǰȡʤĻҲġ
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ҲԪ׵ľݹȡһɹõ֧֣һ˿Ͽ뵺Һϻϣսݣ˴ɳԮڱУվ˽ŸҴĻƽּҵţнˣһʱơ
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Դƽ֚жǣ뷴ѰΧȦɵõ⡣
ϲҷӦڱָ֮£ǺĻر
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ʤúɽ¹һõϲֱҡǳ֧֣ļöǧˡ
Ԫǧǰѹԭһ·˳񣬵ͻȻõȹϱϲֱ޷Ϣĺ·ضϣֻγܶܡ
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ƺϲӶӲӲרעҰܵսϵţ˴ʱγСɽСش
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ŨʱҲ죬д̹ϵ½ɥԽСܵʧ´ɼ¼ӺءԽǰѱ
мڴˣ߳ƽ֚˵Ѿڱˡ


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ڱװۣܱԶλسе˰ǡ
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޻̸֮ƽ֚㻹治÷ΪȻţ״̬Ҳ


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ϸТҵļ̳еΪͷۣ˼룬ʾ֭ҳһϲ̨棬òõС
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ƽ֚ʾԽܣҪ֪Щ߹٣˵л
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Ȼǿַȷʵǲ̫׵Ҫôɵ˶Էļƣδսʧȥƣһ֡߳ŭӡ
ս֮ôҲս֮Ըɡ
ȻֱԴǫƽ֚ʮòԼȻҵɼˣɼǫŹλ˼˹ı½İ棬ҵҲ֮˳ˮ۰ɡȻϾޣֱ½֮Ƿ𡮹ض졯Ӧְأǵһ㣬ΪӦɼҳеôصĵӰ֪ģ߳½Ǵضܸ˳һЩǿһ½̽⡯֮Ϊ
ֱȻæֱ˵ض죬ӦɼҰ
ƽ֚ҡͷЦľĻ飬ûһдţضɼ˳Ρ
ֱȻ˾֪ĹѭȣֻǲֶѡĴ󽫾ǹ涨ϼ̳У֪˭ͳ
ƽ֚ǺһЦζ˵ĺܶԣĴ󽫾ȷʵûй涨ϼ̳С
ֱŷӦ˵˻æҪȣȴֹ
ƽ֚㲻ػŲҹɼԽβѪӵõġ˼ҲҪãñļɼΪ̳йض֮λΣ
ֱȲѣ˵һ乥ԵĻʣ⾿Ļƽн˽أ
ƽ֚ʱЦݣһİ֪˲ز£٣͢Ѿίб˴Ϊ֮£ղ⣬ʵڷǳ޴


ʮ ۡɲ
ƽ֚ڡض족ۣʹñǢգȫ޷άȥ
νηԽ˵ҲͲˡְۣɼηı֣ǹȻս
ɼǫߣȻ޷˶Դ
ֱ֪ûһĹͼӦչʾ˱½ʿķȣȻȥ
ĸ̨ǣ´μ棬ֻԵϾｻ̸ˡƽн棬ػȫɱնµ׼ѡΪãҲκȰ֮⣬նȫ֮塣
ƽ֚ԹЦ̫һһףԼ׳־
ΨֱӰʧ֮󣬺ҡͷ̾Խ󿶿׳ʿɫ֮ϧգ
Ҿ𾪲ѡ
º˵ԽɼݺὮ꣬ԶйĵˣҲòƥƽн֮б
ʶ㲩ЦʲôţҲ£֪ƽн۵ģת伲磻ͻ֣ݱգѾѣɽľ仰ֱŵ
ָʣȻɼۣ֪֮ƽнпɳӢܣ
һճ̷ڲ˵ƽн˵֯ﵯųӢ˲ɽӣ֮ĪڴˡҲ죩Ƹֻ꣬죬ɣνˡƺֻëͷԪͣģϿܹ
ȥҰƿͽԽֲֵۡϸΡΡΡΡ֮⡣
۵ĽΣƽнɼ˿δض֮˵Ѿγ˹ʶ
裬Ƕս޷̡ÿ˶֯ųǰ죬ԶԳ֡Ը¡Сʾġ
ɼǫţһĸ
ûã˵λԽ֮ŭڣɣָƽ֚ǡǧδ֮ͽŽһˡҲƽ֮ϡ֮С˵ʲôԽصɱУɱ⸴Ļ
Ȼƽ֚ķӦȴܼ򵥣ЦŶس˵ǿ˵ɼ˹ɫ֮ȻóŪԴǡ
˫ĹϵһӼȶˣڵ˿ֱ׳սĳ̶ȡ
Ȿƽּ׼Ѿãڱе飬ɼ˵ܾôеˡ
ҵǣΪ޵еʤһʱվӣ֧ɼǫšжʾԼŨԶط͹ЭսͬаƽִԼצ
˵еյģڼǰѾӽ᪸ǵΧڱɳ·˰ѻ𣬱ָȫǲܵõʵ֧Ԯһ򵽵´֯ϳôƽһ֧穡
ȣɨأеġȣҪϱսľ档
Ȼʤ̲δ졣
Ϊ͹˺Ҷԡض족г̶ȡ
ƽ֚˵ҪְλˣҺͳ½ԶǴһ˵ģĿ꣬붼϶ģıɡ
ضáֹӣɼСض족ʽУ۵λʵǰռţڹ˵ͷȴǺ߸Ϊ׽
ԼʮھıԸ洦Ϸ磬ȴʼٲĵֿңҲûаءҰȵȫɾ
ֵ׷ѾǵѪ͹衣
ǰһֱûԡΪɼҽˮ¥̨壬ӣ·;ңԶٸȱ㹻
ڣƽ֚ΪĻʵʲߣҪض족ѡ飬ν·תƾյԸóĻᡣ
˰岿ԽѩիͼӼżֻдһ仰ذ֮Ը֮һģ񡣡
ƽ̵֣֚ݸһЦҲնԷίлңֻظһ仰֮Ըذ֮ͬģּ
һɼ뱱֮䣬޻תء
Ƶǳ˼쳵ʤͷöе⣬Ȱ˫Ҫں翵֣ӦԴΪء˵ƽ֚㡰ɱʿļƲߣӦдݺľ򣬷ᱻƵġ
Խߣûиӡ
ǿʣָ߹ƽϵвһľֻҪͳһضݰ֮أܸǣ˵ʲôơʵ졣ϸڡõӴֲûѹ˽ܣֹض
ɼǫţҲﻢ¡ԽһֱûгɹСء͡ҳסߣʼո˺̫ԡһãͿӦﱱıׯ·ؼ˵Ѿˡ
Զڽܵƽ֚㣬Ȼ£˽Զ˵δԻ䭣ƪۡɲӦӵǣ¸ع֮٣ڴԵδǴıֶͨΣս֮ʱȴȫǱнȻȡ֮еֵúúᡣ
ʱ֮ۡ˵ԸԺرʾѾܱȫƪᵽսȴЩãȻˡ
ƽ֚Ҳżᣬ껹ףʲ١


ʮ ĥ
Ԫ꣨1574ĶܵºͷѩҪǰԺһЩĿⲢִҲӰĴ
ȻƵĶȻ˾ܱĻ̵̻ľ档
ʮһʮգʱнƽ֚㣬ʽõͬ£ǰԺر̤вֵҩֳֵӾȻľ̡ϸȡһС飬ȥΪұ
Ч̡ΪȨľٶ
ټ֮λϣ飬нԭ裬νǷ
֮λࡢƽ»̫ٵУϣ˲볯۵Լһ̶ȵľȨһ꣬ǿҲ˵߱µʸ
λֻλԴͬεĹΣҪڿˣſԵΡʱڣĴ󽫾ԼС·ƾ֮⣬ûбʿȾָ
ˡλϲ顱ͬʱݹͱҲǿԽ뾩ʾġ֮䡱ͬƳңԶƽʱܽӽҾζճȻûǸʵˣȴš
ĻȻάϵĴ󽫾֪ġز޷¡ˣһμֻ̳꣬ȻִȨܡʱƿҶٵƽ֚㣬´˼طսȨϵվȨԼϣɾ൱һԪǡơ
ˡ顱̡֮͡һ᲻ȥ̽ѾõġԴϳߡƺţڹ𽥵ġҶͷأٽĴ󽫾ǹˮˡ
˳˼·˵ǡ֮ȻҡʵҲûд
Զ޳ĪҲܲţһϵĶѡ
ܵĺǿȻȫּƽּҵλҪ˵֯һͬûжˡ
ƽ֚ʦʮγϳűҵֶη壬ʮϤַй֮ĿֺģʹֱüҴʻɼǫŵΪԵðԵᣬɱһѯҴʱչʾ൱̶ȵĿʡ
󵨶ֶ磬Ӫ˾ηӡ
ټϣжǿһ׼ңྭĽһͬģٹָ׽ʳסУҺͲŰﾺĻķ٣ټڵĸɮĿʦͽԵ֣ҪΪÿ׵·ˡ
ƽ֚ƺֻڲϵŪʯ飬عͷŷ֣Ѿ¼᲻ɴݵĸˡ
ճ֮ϵġַɼġַһٲȻǽһѩĹ̡
ûܿһ㡣
Ҳвϣֹ̡
ǰľºѳһĴͷˡ
ӽģǼʤϺɼսĶԸƽ֣ԷݺȻҵ´֯ŽȻɵ͵ìܣȫ߱κδһµĿԡ
ʤԽŬֻõ´֯ﱻƽּҿ£
ͬԭëϲࡢǳݵĴѡ£ֻн߾ȫ໥жȥ
õƽ֚ͷӦʵıŵҰȡԽﱱڣвɽǡ
ŵֻСҰģҲ㹻ɼǫŲı׽ˡ
ȻҽܾҵжһһһǮһ֧֣෴Ȱʤת⣬Ͷ
תǹǺϷɼãҰŨзͲû
Ե´֯˵ǼϲѶ
ⲿ֮ƽܼ֚ҪֳͬЭ־򣬵ֲԾĳϸʵ̬Ե˼᲻
´ɱʤǧˣ֯֯ﳤǧˡ
һǧ˰ˣͲ˳졢֯Т򴨼οһǧˡ
Ԫǧˣ߼ǧˡ
ɱóҪԱǧ䡣ҴΡҡСгʯӹЭ
ľ׼ǧ֡
ԽǰȻԹӦǧңΪ졣
ӺһͽԳжսʮ֮һ
ĹʮӴ汣ÿȺϼǧˣǱʾӡȥݣԸнЧ
ҲԪҲֵˣõ˽Ԫլ㴨֮˵ΣϡòѾ
ƽּױǧˣױˣ챾һһǧˣǧˣϼǧˣǧˣɽһǧˣǧˡ
ܼսԼ£ֱʹӿ;һһ롣
δнʿ½úϰǣ׼սԣúڵȻǳﲻ˳ٴչʾˡȼĶԱ
鱨ɼǫżԽսԱҲֻ£ҪԽСܵǽӵУֵ֧ıβɳ򡣿ǵں󷽵ĶȻ˶ղġ
ռϵľƣܴı˫ƽ֚㣬ȫ½ΪԽ֮ҲκʤĿԡ


ʮ а
Ҳ꣬벻½ȫȻһˡּ˲ٰϽǵӦȫǶġ
һǰǳҰп
ԭǡķбͷأսһ־˸ֽĻָޡŵ񣬻šĻᡱ롰ӡ˰ʵʩҵҵͿ๦ߡ
ֻǺ˵ѾҪǿƵƶ֮Ʊ仯Ĺȥղ󳼡
ֱգʮӴ汣ÿ뱱½սл֮һ
ʵΣ飬ܸӡ
ÿЦǺǵعάһ䣺нҲΪǰ˼ѵĸ
ǳҰҡͷҲңǴƳ¶ѣĹϣûʲô˵ܻǲ㰡
һʮӴ汣ÿʱβѡ
ǳҰĹﳤףΪѹʱڿң˷飬ֳɱ¼һȷǳŲ˵⡣
֮˵ûʲôԭʵʮӴ汣ÿЩ뷨ڻ磬ʱʱ׳һЩΪѵԶԶҲԪ֧ࡣǳҰ͸ֱﳤ΢һάָơѾͷöиһĻᡣ
ֱƽ֚սʤҵ֯ųȡ˽ܵľԻȨ֮ǲſʼеѹЧ̬ȡ
ʱֲˡ
ʮӴ汣ÿһ˵Ķ飬ھսҪ纣ԶǧǼޡ
ڵƽּҶԣƺǱˮнˡ
ԭýϵȨṹռ˼һ֣ϧլֵɵʮԥֻиҳͨû㲻
ӵһ飬ͷҲȲͶʴ˼ӡ˼Ҹע˳Ϊ֪Уܡɣڰӵһѡˡ¡ĿѾԼΪϺˡ
ҿʮӴ汣ÿĳʵֵһᣬͨ˸ֹϵƤƽּҵġֱΡԾӣΪҲҡγ档
ЩͷĻպǰ̻ǿָġ
εĵԶйԽ֮ȻѣҲ
ʮӴ汣˱ȽʵڣҲ˲ǳҰеļ֮⣬С°ʩ֣Աޱ֪֮ºҼν빲ˣսµİ棬ֻշˡ˵ƽ̲ˡ
Ѿ̲ˣнÿȻҲЦ֪ƽּʿƣǰ޶ľƣʲôȷηλãֻҪо֮ڣնˡϣҪֵԤȥ
ǳҰûʲôԭˣͷֲǳ𣬱ôһƨȥĶԹҸ£һ룬ػشű飬ҿ϶˵ϻǲȥҳɵæֶŮСҲС
ÿҡͷ̾нĹϵܼأЩȨȴսսԽ׳һˣ
ǳҰûغǺһЦҳɵȷʵǲСĵˣСҿûսսˡ
˵ÿΪڣʮӴ汣ҲһЦá
ôһʱûעĵֻأ
ǳҰԺ˵˵£еⷪţ;﷢ë
ǰжʧ󰡣»гڵƽּδһƣ̬ȶбһֱûкúú˭ϵεĴأ
ǡʱͨһÿһ·һû浫ӡ̵ӳˡ
߽β⿡УΨһ̳иҵӹ塣
˵Ŀͷ㰲Ƚӵĺ󱲡
ҲִҶҶ򽻵ҲҲ򽻵ˡ
ǳҰڣɷнµȻʩ߰Ļʶͣסˡ
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ʮӡöһ۶еһ˿֣ǳҰȴüֱʣͼݹӭʵڲҵˡǵȥݼ𣿻ʲôҪ£ҪԸأ
šġβЦţλ֮󣬲صˣȡ·ƹֱԶ֧Ԯ´ֿ
ǳҰ
ÿ̲סϵȻʧ
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йϵõ˽ûʶĵطʲôʵȨ
ô붼԰ⷪһᣬƽּ֮ʸԸǳҰ˾ôȼ˵ܴʲôġ
˿ʮӴ汣ȴʮ侲ػ˵βѾ֪ˣǼ򵥵شһȥԶ֧Ԯ´İţûбҪȺšԱ˲²⣬нһаŰɣ
ʮ᪡β˵ͷӻͳż飬λ֮ϸĶ


ʮ ֮
ҵҵҴǷ˵´Ӵ˵ҫѣû˼ңҵĽգ
ôһ仰ʤѾȥ˿һǧˡ
Ѿǡڸļ𣬶ǽӽ˥ĳ̶ȣҪԼƷˡ
ʲôίʲôѹ
෴һȫ˳˳ˮ˺ͨ
ǱָΪ´ҿβĿĴ٣ֵõưܿʯķɵΪ˽˷ͣƽϵֱȴ˺֪ö˺۾
ηʾǣ֮ƽ桢ҼΡٹ̩Դ󲿷ֵⷪȮ˿ɫΨ˱ʤ׷׽Եʮغȡ
ҪǾвƣǵöٱɡ
۵ǿɶŲ¶Ź˭ӵĳԴ󺦳棬ӭӣڿ˵פӪռػǺڹӦ˭ҸΪѣ͵ڸҲŲعȥ
ҪǷһϣƮƮȻ֪Լ˭Ӻδˡ
ñʤˣͷ仰롰´롰ӡʼûκʧ֮٣ϵƣǿ֪ˡ
òӦˣ뵡ѵػصԼӪʣЪϢһ£ȴ˯ǰԼıͷҳһǧʯٺ»ĺӺɣȻѯ˵
˵ǰƽнƹܿʯ˽ˣȴԴ´ҿ֮ܽ²֪¿ɷʵ
ʤԥͷȷʵˡ
Ӻɵͷһ䣺֪ˡ
ޱظˡ
ֻһ⣬ûбκʤһӶ˼ҳ˼Ц֪Ǻá
ȻǰСʱ常̫桰ۼĹ£ʮֲΪȻԼҪλбҳЮǿƵĵ
񷽲΢΢ᵽиʿ֮ζ
ʤһ˵ĻѾڽյĵλΩԸһ᳹ʿ֮հ̵ĵ䷶ϣʲôָժڸ֮
ǣ˶ǰȨƸġ
ҳôأôأиճĶӣԺֻôأ
ղӺɣٴγϵɽ»𺣣۾ûգһ£һһĺúɼҵŮҲҪΪǡ
ǼѰ
ʤʶԼķѾһ˿΢Сݺӵķ϶ԥ϶ӦӦóϡ

磬˵ƽּҸӶ˴ӾƲǶ֮Ĵͳһ
˵룬ȺӢֱͣǮɽ߼ԪλɹҲǻľء֯ﳤ桢ʤȣܳʵɡƽּһЩֱԼٵĸƽ桢ﳤסҳͨʽλģæδϯҲȥεΡ
ȻҲ˲ģҲû˭ĳ̶ȹߡ
ƽ֚볡λںԲ⣬߻мվŵĲ
֮ͷȻ
Ҫݼƽ֚Ȼֵڣǰ˷ʦַԽɼ޽һͬ־񣬲ſһʧ
⻰һȻһ룬ڳȷʵֻԼʸǺسʩ̩Ȼǰ
ƽָ֚Աһλãȡ档
һ湪лָصϯ
ڶ΢Ȼ֮˽ۡ
֮һüëһе㵣ƺû뵽Լܴ˵ȴɫ˲ֳί˼
ʱƽ֚ǰİʾⰲȻ˵֮У˭ԼŲѷģһǰôУǷʵ
̼ѻȸ
֪һ˶սѫС˽ܡ֮Ϊһݲ֯Ȩͳ֮ڲʤҡüʢ֮ϣε͵սܣҪɳ֮ص¡¸˵ʤ˲ࡣ
ڳĺһûС
һ治Ľ򴨼οȻ°ʩͳս֮£˾֪¿϶ԶԶѷɫġȻһˣѧ֮ϣ˿Խǰʰ棬˳ơŨΡнҪβ˵أ
˻һ߼ԪľءͲ˳졭ȵڳ˾Ըͳǡ
ƽֱּҼΡٹ̩šﾰ桢Ҳͷ
ֻ֯ﳤ˵˾䣺е㣬񴨵󣬽нô˶ˡ
Ӵ˾乫ȻܿûСбʤĬġ
ɼε
Ӧģһ澡Ҳˣ˾Ͳò˵еʧˡƽ֚࣬Ǽߣѹ
ô޺ֽƾʲôôֱضԴһЩ֮˺۲
⻰Ͳдһˡ
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ѡˣҲټӼֻǸűһİˡ
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нΨоϹԱˣһмӣͷȥʩ

˸˼ȥƽԻһģʤκ˼
ݸҪȻʾ磬ֻƽּҵֱսΣ
һ˼Ƭ̣ɵҲ̫԰ɡ˼ܲ𵽷ã
ЦͬǱеǿԽľеǹҿɿһõķ䣬е˳켴ãеǲܼѪֻ׳װΡһ֣Ҳʤ޵ģһҪʶɸ賬
΢ȻֵãսĵĸߵҲҪ
ͷԻȻҲƩй˭ǼսҲս˭սս˭ǿսս˭ǼȲսҲսֱǺܸӵġʵ̧һҪ˱˴ַɼֻսı£ƽκιԹ
ף̾ϧ󲿷ֻǰ;յɱΣϵ⡣
һЦҡҡͷȻȻʵϸ۲죬ܷ֣ÿģӦöҵͼʵڿġҲûָˡ


ʮ ҹĻµĴ
ǵҹһǺֵġ
ڳ仧ʿͥƽϣΰӵͷͷǣܼٸоס̼֡˼ֹҵߣǹǧ֮
ЩĿǰķÿͣߵĽι۵֮ˣסڽ޳档
ԹǵȤԵһֻҪоĳ;ݾˡ˵Ů졢áǣʱƷþߵʮַٵг
¹޳У裣ױۣ֬鱦īֽ⣬ΰʣմˮʱߣˮ㾫ζϣʳż˵СֻҪڷɣֹСƷҵõ
ҪֵУרġÿڣ̻߸߹ҹεĹ˿͡
漷СֻߣߵĿȣҲǲʮǮĵĻμһСͥɣһſͣһںŬͯҲŲմصİæ
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Ȥǣĳ;ݴ༯϶ˣҲҹݵƻͨսȻͬĳˣԼɷһѲȫǲг
мĽֵӽڳǵλãСĻᡱĳźȡӡ˰ķһټڵСׯºܶࡣϰ⸽䷿ӵܲĿܡڲ鼰̸Уݵλ
ƫҪӺ޳һٷ϶ġְݡҰ¡ȴȲҵеʥأκ˳ԼƷһܵ϶ɻڴûн
ڳǵĶ棬ҰֵΧ˽ȥ
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ԭ£ۿڲһ𡣵ƽʱѾǻȻһˡ
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ƷһйɣܶھͱΪңͨ·ߵĽҪʮΪλܿߡ
ܶƽּƵĴˣȫСᵽ⸽ˣֿ⻹ڽ
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żҪ£ҹд߽۶ۿڸ֮гǸţҲľͨڡ

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ĸܣе֡
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ųɳһУߣʮӴ汣ݾжϣӦнӽһҽͧȫǰլĹģ൱Ӵһֻˮ
ݷ鰲ţÿ˲ݵˮ֮⣬ֻװʮʮʿ޵֮һңǳ˿˿ӵĸоٶһϢĵ̡
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ʮӴ汣ǳй֮ĴͳʿֹŪֶθеܡ
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ڵĵλ⣬ؾƽнƤ£ȴûгΪţǺ׺˼룬ֲҺ˼Ĵ
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ʮӴ汣ע⵽ΧмҴ˵еġͲ״ڻּף޷Ĵ壬ɣྶͥƺбС
һգؽ£˳磬ϵϼİ亸ۡڴ䣬ͣһҹȴͨС´½һ߸ʱҰ̲Ǿɹء
;кżһ̴飬ƽּҵͲԷϤѺס֪ǳʲôĿġ
˷յ־ĦյѾԶˣٶȷʵ½·
ʿȻԸԭش˽´
ʮӴ汣оԼԼµƽн⣬ֻǻܿ϶


ڰʮ ɼ
ɣıݵԿһӶϷ˳ʱչĻΡúϰĵĻ½ԽǰӺءܵǡԽСԽƫԼһʮﵽʮķλ֮ϡ
һγȵĲ𣬱γɾԱ仯ɽۺӰ죬ܴΪͬغƽԭůʺϾסڲɽǺƶ񤡣
ʼղȶԭ֮һ
Ԫ䣬ųּҵ˥䣬ԼɼҵսĿתƣ½˼ҵıҵУսͣЪ
ֱգѾνǰҵϣˡ
ΪСһ˹ȳκս֮ƲҲûȥ޲˭ˣһϸҲģ
ԴʢʱǧͽġΪ˱ǰ֮֯ԼᵽŨŻ
һȳΪغֱĹɵص㣬һڿҵĽۿڣܵɼˮϮӣκֹ̼ˣС塣
ط֮УͷѪ˶ûнսҵʵֻĹճֹ
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ԽǰбͼӺͽָƽнǧʱڸгǣΪʱƾٳһܰסġ
ڹȻ˲أѾõϢʿڼᣬռɵǿԳתΣΪĻᡣ
һЩǼϣԽ֮İսʦԼӺؽ򷪳Ϊľۼ
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죬Ϊʵԭ򱻶յһˣž޴ѹòһͬŴɽǵķ򣬵ȴžǵĵ
еɫ̹ȻĿᶨս޲ʤɼһǿǿУе־ɣ̻̲ƺʱ̶Ҫ·ֻΪĳЩ͹ԭûܣеԱǣңѾʧȥ̫಻صĶÿһ춼ֻǶ׬ġ
£ɼǫյӺصʱ䣬Ԫ꣨1575³ߡ
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Сְ׵طȻ˽λүˣֻӦһǣûжƽϡ
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⻰֪֮У°ݵԸΪɼЧ
СȪȴǵͷüС߶šΪ߻䡱ιʱҾʵ֮Ļûбע⵽
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ѪսɳϴѾϵѪߵʬǲеκζҡԵĮ
Լǡɳ족ĻΪΪ˽绹ԭӦеĳ̶ȣɱٶҲΥԴݡ
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׳ʿһģһ֚ģԸ䡣˶أƵ磬Сĺʮ΢СһЩʿС죬఺ݡ
ʿԼİ٣źڼףΪһţƽͷɭȻĿбӣݺλֻ·絶һ㣬˹
ûκζҫµľֹڵϵڻ졣
ǹ١٣ν״ˡ
ųʵӣҲ״̬
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һڵıͷǸƲСӵ꣬ȥԴǣӭӵֻ΢ͷ⡣
һСİ鵱͵͵ܹò˺һʾгǴмҪϾʺλͰڼλǸˡ
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Сְ׵طѾϰߣû裬Ц䡣ˣϻٶеˡ
һˡԽظիٳţһɥǵףʶη֣ϾǸʺƵĽɫüĿعʺһȦһҲû©
Թʱ


ڰʮһ 
½ǱѩڣȴѴˮů
ȫװһʱ㲻΢΢ȣҸȫòŵȡůǰ⡣
Զ֮ϰ˼ɽˬʤûдڴ󲿶Χ֮УǵפӰȡˮϴӷ㣬¶Ҳ첻١
ҸоЧʶߡ
ս¹һʮ˳ģȻʤ鲢̫ãʱ޶˳ˣնԵñȽѹ֡
ȥϮµ´ҶҪǣȽСԭ֮󣬽˳˶ٶǣԶڣ˱ɳǻڹ֮⣬ȫˡ
ͬʱŨɽҲɽزĲӦ£֯ҵķƻռݻǡ᪶
˵Ĺƣ˵ѾѷڵĳɾͣĳЩй֮
Ȼ۵ߣǵߣȴΪȻϴôĳ
´ҿȻֻʣغһС̹أȴ˿ûгƳĴ㡣
½ʿҲбȶԷͶĿԡ
ھȨѾ仯
֮ʱһɢɳ֯´㹻ǿĺԮֻһܵԣת
ڣƽнѾǹϵġ˸ΥֵܳӴԴͶս
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ǣŷᡢšʿʢŵ˷ðյĲԡ
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ٲᡢŷݲǸǳڸ鿼ǡڿⱲһλˣ㾡ȫԳԣǸȫ֣ν׳գȪ֮¼ˣҲи
⣬Ƕֱϵƽ־ﲻ޹ϵ
ŷᡢšʿʢһɣԸΪʵġ˶ܿȥˡλõĳɹѾˣʱÿǵǣ˵£ôҵԪǸ
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ʤҲǵì֮У¶ġ
ǾԶʮգûǿɳǣ಻·
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Ӻʤȷر˵ƽˮڴңլ࣬Сں̲½⣬Ψбս޷֮潻档
Ȼǵ´ҿΧڱɳǣȴȫĵԴ
ֻҪ˺·޷ˮˮڵıеõ³
ˮĻողڽ񴨼ҲкؽĿˮʵڲ
죬͸֮ڽܻѾ鱨˵ƽƺغ·ԮǰԶϢ
ϣʤòˡ
µĴ˵ƽ֚ĹǧԮģǵôֵõġľ߲жϣϢܿǼٵġ
һ㣬βšƵȵصı½ȥսȻǧĹĲӹԶⱾ൱߼ģΨһԣҪؾ顣
ȻԽԶߵĻԽ͡رǰլ念Ǵα¶ԺϺһ̲ԽԽܣûȡɵĻᡣ
һٶҰլǧˣҲ˻ɡ˵һװı屶ûġ
⣬ʤյһЩɲ˿
˵ЩûκβӻϣһֱںȪжܱܵܵıͲǾ˸
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Уд·̶ӣƺܡһü첻ϰֻм͵͵
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ʡǺá˼Ȼƫصġ
˴ԵĽͣ¶顣
ŵüԣսѾȡԶٶǣ̰֣ҲСʤþաƽʱۺ񣬾һҲ˽ǣǼ쳵ĵӣȴѲࡣ
Ѩɽžһչ⣺ʵսǰɼҷֵѹҼҵȴޣͬʱòҵ֧Ԯ糹׿ǣǷҪı˰ɣ
أݲȻɫ䣬˼Ҫƽϸ׳Ƴ𣿡
ѨɽžںЦԻݵ԰ֻ꣬˵ǷıѣδҲˡ
ٲ᳤һ̾ϵĹ¶ƣѨɽԲ޵µ⽻ƱơǱ֧ԮǧһʯʳĻƽһǧǰҵҲֵġ
⻰˷׷׵ͷ
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ŷ˼ã˿̻ڣҪţȺʵα١ܾãղŵжϻЩ⡭
ĻҪڣȻἱҴҸʩ񣬼ܵʤϣѵϢһǣǧڴβŸԤպִʱ֪Ǻڶǣǰǵ߿ƽִӽȥԽǰһڱͷƽ治У챾̴ɽһȱϯδꡣǣзĴӲδں̲½ҲûеɳӦ´Ǿֱ򶫺УȥҪضҾ·
ŷĻû˵ȥȻеЩɣ˼һҡҡͷûпڡ
ģʤɫ仯˼Σһ˿ݼŵĿ־ϵĶ־Ϊɢ


ڰʮ ֮
ƽ֚ξԽǰгǣɼǫӺҪաһ˵бȻɱϢ
˵Խɼʿ䣬Ǳ½ڴͷ
븮г֪һͽƺεȽȡһֱξеɼսʯɽʧصʮס֡ٶǲ֪ģһһ˼ȫͳһ
һεסԽǰǡί٣鷦ƺ״̬ܲ룬йµ˼
ЩȴԮġѾǣҲṩ򲿶ӣɥʿҲ˴б𲻵ʲôá
ڼϾˡƽֻ֚򵥸ο䣬û˼ϸǣͽ˾ۼҪȷս
һԴӱ㽫֮󣬱Ҫ֤ԼȻ˳ĵУվ˵²οԽȥʮĶʮ߳սľɼʤ֮ʵףͬһַǱǳöԷӦ֮ʣ챾棬ֱȡ󽫡
ʣǶԷȽ©Խж
һ׼Ļɼӱ̽ʹԷȻϸ۲ƣöԷڵǲɶ֮ʱͻ
ɣܲˣƾͳ׷ġԷȻɼΣ
һɼͻȶԷġã紦ӣûбĸõˡ
Ĭһʣ˵ɼʵǽնˣͲ𣿡
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شڳ˶һ
Ͼʤ˱ҳ£֯ųëԪǣй˱۽ľ顣ɼǫŴ˶ʮ̣ܶǿ
ԭ
һԥ˰죬Բ̫ȷ𵽣ȣɼ˺η磬ԼųߵϳáҪҲʲôɳ졯۹ƻʿԭжս˵ڱĹȿνѵʿԽǺ顣
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һԥƬ̣ʩˡֱԣһҾƶʱɼҾʿױͻĻн챾ӣҲ޷֧Ƭ̡
˻һ˷׷׳ûָ죬˵˵
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һ˵ԣصԡ;⣬Եһ־ڴ󲿷˶ڹµı£ҰսͲܴܡʱʵʵʱͻѿܸһЩֻҪ㹻ģȷʵܰɼǫűƻȥ
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ȻºأԽôԿ
Դһ˵ǣɼƻԽ󣬼̶ڱ߾ǣפرֻҪִ˵ԷƾԽһصȴҪӦսߣ޷άֹಿӣ֮ڶȻսҡ
ƽ֚㡰šһûвҲû̫飬Ƭ̣Ȼ۵Ϊ˽ܡ֮Ϊβ˵Լļ⣬һζҵսأΪشĲԣȫҵ˼𣿡
һһֱһʱʧɫſڽ֪࣬룬Զԡ
Ǳ˵˼
ʱôͺ񶼲̫ԡ
ɫοǿǡҾڣͳһɼҰսʧݴͣشȻҲһζֻԽǰɼרעʰӺءܵǣΣõзвòѰսɡ
ޣƽ֚еȤˣеߡ
θؿڣɫһױ仯ò˿˵ߣȷʵЩ뷨


ڰʮ 
ʮӴ汣ÿǳҰڴա
øԭҪġԴտӦ
ڴӹģ̫ˮӲһ·֮ûзκսҲȫ֪½ϵôͿؽӵ֪ͨڱɳǶǰ
ǧںѲˬˣô˻ᶼ˷ܣϼæ˴΢ӣʮӴ汣ǰӭӵĵ´ҳƾҴΣԼİĽʿȻϵʿڣѾˣ
ʵʼ˵Ҫ쳾սλǺе㷸ģԭҲᡪ˼⣬ж꣬ϵĲöԸԼȴǱƽнûʲôĿԡ
Ͼһֱһͳҵı׼ҪûʱͿ˷һ˿΢ĩĿ־֮ģתʼ֤Ļᡣ
ڴ⼸һֱţԷйԽԽҡ
ʱƾҴγǰǼϲѪɫƣ벻ִż㲻ľģһǸղսġ
ʮӴ汣ʿ֮Զƣ޲һ¡ʲôǿڹѵ⣬Ժˡ
Լо̲ôˣƽױ̬һ¸ûġ
ʵʣǾ俶ĻȴֻƾҴƽƽĻӦʮ᪹ȻˣȻǰѾȥֻ¶Ϻ󲿶ӡȻҲ׷ȵ֮پ
ˣʮӴ汣Ծ죬صͷ૵Ȼûʵʵȷɽ֮ơ
ÿ˳ʱĴȽЩʣںǺһЦƽн˳ǧ֮⣬һһν񽫣ҵȵ˿ûƴɱͼ˹ѫ
ǱǳҰ󣬴һʣ봬ӵĸ˽һ£ܹʱһĪʲôôˣ
ÿæ̽һ
ǳҰŴ׹ҡͷԲԣҾýˣֱʡһʲô
⻰ͷβҲûӦ˾װû񽻻һ£ȵɳ￴˾˵
ȼ´ҿһսʵܰɣ
˭֪˳Ǻֻʤڰ칫˵ǣȥӭƽˣƾλһɣ
ƽˣ
ƺ΢ɻһӣŷӦ˵ǶĿƽ⣡
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澿кμƽأ
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Ҳ֪ǹ˵ã鲻Խ
ƽݣ˵λȨƶ´ҿԶӣҪӭôͽᡣаֻҪɵӶġ
ʤָ·ƾҴθʶӿ˽Ųܴϣȥغϡ
ÿϸ첲ҧӲǼûаԹԡ
ʱϵۼǱѾ̸Цˡ
´ҿƽĵƺܿģˬʴЦ
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һ֮󣬵´ҿƴЦԻҵнǲˮ½·Ԯ۶ηƽη񣬾Ȼŷˣ
ʵϣƽڸ׵İ£ᳵӣһǧ챾׼ɱ֮ЧٸǰߣһжδԸＯ㹻Ĳӣǰͼ֮
ڵ´ҿôһʤƵġ
ƽ֚ڣⱾȴе㲻̫Ȼı飬񲢲ϲ˰׼İš
˸Թ⣬ֱӽ£˴˴ǰ´ӵպĲԸı䡣
ʮӴ汣ÿǳҰƾҴΡñ˽ԾΨе´ҿɫݻӦ޳ԹֻΪȹһƽŲòٱԿǶи°ѡҲˡ
⻰˵ò˶ķӣҲǿ˶ԼԵ󣬿нڡ
ƽ˼ЦԻǵȻҷϴҪϹ黹ŨӡԶǷռеء
ñ̲ס죺Ҫ˴͵ȻܺãֻսƾǹµĶô򵥾ڴͻ
´ҿһ˲΢Σǳ˵ҳֱ񲻶£ǲҪƽϡ
ñϹϴɫһǸⶼûС
ƽ΢ЦֱʾƽϣȻ˹һ仰սܺͣܺͷսñǰĵǶˣǺֹס̧ͷңָ˵ݲױİ٣һǧ߰٣Զһǧ٣Ϻһս֮ôҵеգҽЩõĳǳء
˰´ҿھɫ䡣
ڵϵĴñв֮Ȼлɫ
ʮӴ汣ɵƽˣǳէôѸپŪ˵зĶϺã´Ӵ˼ȻҲʾȣô϶֪ͨġѵǡ
ƽЦ۾ҡͷԵпܣ˵Ǹѵ
´ҿһָܿ糣¿ƽּҵֶΣͨ񣡾ȻѾÿĴš
ˡƽʩʵҼҲ޿߷ҳ֮⡣ǶԷͼΪأֻյĽ֣ԭԤ벻̫һˡպΣȿζԸϵĵ󲿶Ӱɣ


ڰʮ ȷ汾
ƽнϣ˳ᢣֻ˰գ֪ǰߵ飬ȡһ桢ζ˵Ľ飬Ȼ¶ģʩԸӭս
űཫ㣬ϵǲ֧𶯶ӣƳɳ׺رҲɽ·ľຣ·ԳЮб½ƽ̹·ϣ飬˴˽ڻ
һռ׶Ӿ䣬ҶǰУʮֹҶӾ磬׶ֱʮֹ
̶ȵо񣬸൱ɣֻҪռɣʣʱ侫Ҫھ򺾹ľǽʺлϵ
Ƶ鲻ǰظָʺͲϣ֧ǰߵĹ
ཫսŨ׷Ȳӱ
ڣԼɼҵı档
ʱʤΪƣǰԽ֮ׯԭ磬ԴױǰԶԶݿɵδ˿ԥӭϣ칭ʸɱһˣһϧ΢ƫδȫ
ץסˤʿ䣬һţδѶ֪Էǳ־ɽϵĲ£Ҫ½
߼ҳβƽ˵ϼҿӦǷӹ棬ӲֵһᣬҵȲͻδȣһٻԽ湦
˵ñʤĶ漴Ӧҡͷƽнڣÿһأ޺Ӫأս
βƽΪȻ˵⣬ܣֻҪն죬ʲôʵģ
ʤȻɲǾ⣬Ϊ˱мƣ˵еɼʹӱǰյз¶ս
ȫֹ͵źƣľդھ֣׼ս
βƽͷɥȴҲûɴȥˡ
ֻʹԸ֪ͨ󷽵Ѿ֯ﳤ棬ʱС
һҳŵǵ֯ﵯųβűÿսذܣȫƣ֪ܲܰæ
ʤҲüЦȻڣǰƽнͬҽ֯ﳤˣȻһֱЩ͵ˣϰߣ汾ȴһ㡣ڱҪսĳϣԼΡ
˿ĵͺáнʶ֮½֪
ȻһֱĬиƽʣ֮ǰӴˣ´ҿûʲôԸأǷҪʵʵպڶˣ
˻һʤɫһͣЦ̡
ҡͷãҵȻӵ´ҵļҳѭ´ʿշֹǹ鹵ĺûᣬôżǵأ񲻳Сʧ˽Ϲ
ۿҪִʤæֹרս£ü˵ȥ˷ֱ沼񣬷Ըһһóͻ
иƽ붼Ųҷ湧˳ظˡ
Ȼ
ǰƺ߶ţ̰ĹƽּҿһؾͰˣ
ߵĿش˵ЦƴΪһΪʲô
ʤͷֻۣ֪ڸǣ޷ġ
Ϊ֮ƣֻȽרעս档
ºȻҪŽڲ˼룬ǲ˲Ϣɵˡ
ȥʤٱסǰߣȴһľͣ׶ڵγϰΪ̡
Ȼľǰͷ£ڳݲƽһǳԼǿЧ
һͬģ塢һֱӸľդϵһܸߣӲݺͲĨɳһˮγ״ɹ˾Ǽ׶
谭뱺ͶҲֹڹܳʮάʿ
Ȼ󽫳ǹ֡ڱֱڹ֮󣬾ͨԹƵЧˡ
ԭӵʱ򣬱ʤ˽սƽ־Ϊʶе֮ļѧϰ
ûôʽԴάͬȺڲŬоο֮ģˡ
Ѿڰ֮ڣľߡ
Ȼôˣ˶ԾԸѧġ
󣬱ʤݲݳ˵ر˵оٽӽæս
¹в˺ϵ裬Ğ֣סȵһװ׿ǽЩ껨ʱƶɵģƬϡ˲ֵķȡԶʿݶȣ֧սܣ档
ʤģ˿°ױͬʱʼձ侲ͷԣäĿΧӲżսȻᱡ㣬ȴûܹʲô˵Ĵˡ
ɲϣĿԶԼܼӰʱƺʲôȥ΢΢Щ
δüףֻƬ̣һױǸ򼱴Ҵܹش󺰵õľդȻˣѹ˲ˣиƽҴ˱ľжͷѾ˹ȥҶ֪ôźá
ñʤ³һѪ
оûʱҪպʱ飿
ϸ룬ţϽԸӺְɶָ棡Ȩƽһˣ֧ͬԮ
˵ֱ߶Ĵǹ󲽱жȥ
˲䱾ʤߵǰľ¹ȻѾ߰㣬ʮϰٸʿѹڿееһ֪ˣǲҳΪսԱ
֮УҲѽߡ


ڰʮ ʮӴ汣ķս
ʮҹԶغȻʼꡣ
̶Ȳңһֱ糿δ˿ͣЪͷ
ϡϡ´š
ͬʱȻ轵ůȫд֮ؽԳŢһƬҰоʱʮֶ
εǣʱдಿδؿӣ´һԮҲող´ˡ׷
˫òһģе˶ս

ʮӴ汣ǿ׳ʮ㣬֮ڣֻ˵£øжˮϴϣм϶ճճϣȴǺܲˬ
Զˮݺᣬ岽ССϪˮһ壬ȫ͹⻬ͣһСľˤһͷ
ĿһλʿˮŤȳ֮˾ȫС
ʮӴ汣ˡ
һǳһŵزţЬմӲݡԼһЩϲʲôӾʹ涼е˱
鲻֪úܳʿۿɼٶ»
»ģɾǽ챾ˡ
ʮӴ汣ǳҰߵԶź޺޵ؿڣԭΪоĶǵĴҪ˭ֻ֪ǰ°ˣǿǲ·۳ʲôˣ
ߵÿѸߣƣŴųǹȣλױĲǿǰ䱧ԹæֱͦվӣȻ⻰ɲҪ˵֪̫Ӷ顯ĹҪǴȥǿǱģ
ʮӴ汣ĬȻóһ̾˵ĶԣҺγֻ֪ʱϵٹ⣬ͨ
Դ˻ÿ⣬ǺЦ˵ҲС뵱ϵ±˺ˣҵȻסŲ·ĴѣʱѣѰǿϣѡ
⻰˵ǳ֮Ԫʱ顣
ʮӴ汣ȻûʶǿͷʾܣǵķܶڵõʢյŬ֪պǷлرأ
ÿοعֵģѾ˵ˣ곤ҲԪǼһƽнǰȫһȮģԺܱλ·û
ðɡʮӴ汣
ȻʱȻǰ˴󺰡ϮϮ
ʱжҡ
ʮӴ汣ʶվεǰʮӴ汣ڴˣҷսҪţ
ĪȥսǲǵС
뵽Ѫһӿˮȫ˲ˡ
ʮӴ汣Ȼ̸ϵǰ
̧ͷһŭա
ֻб˵ĹģѪ߰ߣȴʮӼʿʬ
ɥֻ֪ţǰ
вʹùڣǹҲʩչղŴǰױսƴ붷־
Ȼúܲң˴ȫʤ
ҪʮӴ汣ʱٵͦסʿ˵ǧ˵ĲҪ˳ҡ
ʵڳ裬谡
ż˵ƽ֚Ĺ᪵ĸս֮ʿ𽥸ɵˣʣµȫǹĵĵСԲκη
ǰʮӴ汣̲סҪðҪдҥߡ
Լ⻰ˡ
ǰȻϡ٣֮ɱ֮УƻͷǸŭҧгݣεĺ
ˡֻ˵ӺҪǿһ㣬èȮĳ̶Ȱɡ
ʮӴ汣κ뷨Ҳǲյ֮ƣֻһϴˢͷҪšϡ
Ȼҵĸ߸ʿеԭĹˣֻΪܱѩޣɱƽֵˣûǣˣ
˵ǰ˱Ҫȥ
ʮӴ汣Ȼɫ䣬ͱӶˡ
⻰ֱǶʿ谡
һƻûļʿ䣬Ȼ˿С˵š̫ˡ
޵ݰ
ʮӴ汣ҲһŰǸûʿߵõɳȥٵȣʮӼҵľƣ߾ߵĵط£
ʮ⣬ǸߴʿȥŴתЦһ´ԭʮһ֮ӣðɣҲм־ôסˣȡߣݲҲ
أʮǹʨ˹
˫ͬǲ͵ȴ֪ΪΣȻΪý֮ƽϵٶȻҪ졣
ݲΣǡʮĽ棬ڡһ֡͡󡱵ʿİݲ㣬ǰƽּ
ʮӴ汣˵ܵĲǾ⣬˷ܡ
ϵԡʮӡһ桱ĳƺݺĹܡ½֪ѹڣȴʼպ۵ѫʱ׵Ȯӡñˣ

ţʮӴ汣Ҳ˫ֽԼǹӭȥ
⽣Ӱ֮£ཻ
Ȼһ죬ʮӴ汣˫ղס޷ѹʧȥ
ߴ͵ݲοѹ˶֣Ȼʤ׷һųͷǹֱȡнظ׼ߡ֮ļЪ
硱һ̶ʯľ۶֮ǹʧ׼ö˼Ƭ֮δܴ͸
ݲʼδ಻ļ
ʮӴ汣ȴɣȥأƺһʱûˡ
ݲΣϲȡͷ­
һ˲䣬ʮӴ汣ٶļҳϵ
վ᪡ĸս֮˲ûȫˡ
ͦǹֻжϱĵн
ݲζˣ˿ңһЦšһֻϵͶӭĵˡ
ϲۼһڴֳϷʶ˫ĿΪ֮һ
ϱͷϷһ졣
ڴʱݲο÷֣ס̹ǹ⣬һȻǰԷưγвʹƹġӺ
һϲױնΪأ漴ббĿֲڣĴһѪ
ʮɱһ


ڰʮ ն˵
ΪᣬԷǰһתһݣֱȥǰǸηȴעⱣñаģˡǹסУԽиС֦סӭĴ̻Լٵĵ沽˶ߣжһԷȻȻ𣬡Сǹ⵱ãݺת˰Բһڷ
ȻƿշһS䲻б
ҺñʤĿ˽ȥöԷʽϣձ䣬ﳤǹȻ˹ȥˡ
ûç׷ȥƴɱԴ˿ѾڻȡõεĻᣬ׼״̬ǰ
߹ȻӦõĮӦмֵʱ֡ޱҪͨսϾ̰ն׼ĻᣬԱΪϣڣܸõɱƾ
һ硣
ºսĶԹŲ٣˼η侲ȴǺ
Ĵ£ʮҳǾḻý˲Եϱ۳ıδµһڸͻ״̬±ֳսǿ
߿ƶǲҪһĶ̱ӣѪҪ
ŴţʤߵʿܽŶѵڻı仯ε΢Ӱ죬ĹתΪˣ˵ĿתΪСˣȫԼ
ЩˣǵӲͷƤĵĲϧ˻ˣͬھ
ŴţȻǽ֣սȴʧ⡣
ձʤǧԽǰķԭ磬ȴ򣬲ΪӪص
·ķ߶ͦãΨߵĹû޺ãսǰȻ޷Ϊصϣѹ˰ʮԼˣþĴңʿ䡣
ʱȥиƽҲ޼¡ǼһҲǹ⵷ңʵǲϰսĴ򷨣ûľ̵ļ˼ԼҲվڿڰ˳ɡѾѹ˰ɣ
Ѿ¸ǹΪĳּҾɽ
һĻŶƽּҵǿҲԼ뱾ԸһһڵĿ̹ǳޣԸԽǰƽ֚յʵɱ˳־Ͷɼ
֪µģų֮
Щ־ɽ˷֮ɣóȻ档һĹбʱΪܣֱȡ˴©
ҵñʤԴ˲Ӽʱ֧Ԯš
˫Ϊȱ㹻ںǿȫڵսϣֻü֣ѿʼױ
ʿĲ˵ɵɱǲһġ
Խǰ˲֪ΪΣʿߣߺŸĿںž໽ͳ塣
ȻʤԪս֯ս񴨡սսڣսһڣʮ굽ʮ꣬ڸƴڸƴ·ϣԵ⽣ӰʬɽѪϰΪˡ
˵ڼܺƽʱ򣬷е㲻ڡ
еսη壬еսţеս˷ܡʤֻǻصסʮļУʮķһ쳣Ϥ޲۾֪ôˡ
˫ɱһ˿ûˣˣ޽
Ȼһ㲨ۣʤȻᳵ·ؾ͵סǿϮ
ԴһˣסȱڣԤܴݵθϣγι̵ͣڲִӦС
˫ȣѾӽչĳ̶ȣڰЮĿԣֻǼ򵥵ıȽϾˡ
ڱʤǰԽǰĳ־ɽʿȻսȴ㲻϶⣬֮֯ľ񲿶ӣЩ롣۶־Ļ޷뵱һһͽڱ⡣
һطʮӢµɵʧȥϰٸսı߿ʼɶơ
νһٶ˥ߡ
סʢһԽԽ̷ˡ
Ƭ̣ȨλȻԽǰУһŰ½𶵣ϵ裬ֳʿŭҹݣɼţ¾״սˣλǰ֪ηɳϣ
һ裬ʿŻӦʿлظ
⻰ʤȴǰһĵԭһԱзںָӣ⻰ǼͷˣղŻûʶءȻ˵ʲôսˡɡ
أǽƼ׵ĹݺХֱһطʿֻӴܣǱмܣ̶յնȡ
һʿǰ֧Ԯͦṇ̀ݲüӲסԵնһˡ
һʢ
ʤȴףչһϳˣ»β㣬սΪ塣
һԣȻżʿڻӽ
ȫרŸģʮʺжȫͨĳɬ֮Уɲڵϣһͷý¹ڱܡ
նѪڣʢ
ʱȻ˵Сģ
ȻһѸ
ȴˣ
ֻʶԼеǿ񵲡
ʤССɣȡһ糤һǿĵʱȻһ䣬˫ֱַסǹ˵ж˺ǰˣǹΪʹá
һתС֦סԷĵУǹŻ߻Է沿
ݴиܵս֮ᵽнĸ֪֮磬¶ӣ˫ʹӲƳȥǿ룬Һȵ˶һͬȡ
û˵꣬ڰ;
ΪʤǹѾѸײڶ֮ƴ̴´ʺ
ղǳűǰˣ˫ֽʹãм빥˲ȴֲ֪һһͦǹ̵ֱƣ⧲·Ѿǰ뵽Է롣
нѱұʤȡ
죬ضɽҡ
ѪʱȪӿر
ǰΨһ뷨ȴǣϧɼ̫ǰӹӹµµչ׳־Ļᡣ
˵ڵء
ˣ
Ǹ࣡Ǹµıʤ
޳ӣɣ
ɣɣûϣӮİ
־ɽɵľһƬȻѪͷܲ˵ͳ󲿷ʿתûܡ
ʤץסᣬɱһ󣬼ǽʬ壬ԶоӰ֣طԸóȻ׷ס˴ʤˣô˻ᣬøղûսʿأ׼ӭһν򱣳־䣬Ҫиʹս»ر
½ʿЩԾԾԵ鱻ȫûκּۻۣȫ
վףʿ䣬ͷ侲ܴʤ̵Ľ죬ɳϵһһǹģ˵
űʤû˿ڷŵսУֻһȥȡ׼Լ˴۵ĵطϯضظ
ûʱһղűɳȥļҳҴҸϵ˲ϢǳǾսʱɼҵһ·ͻϮ֯ﳤսڲʮ3ǵȺǸϽ֧Ԯأ
ҳдʣΪƽнԣδȻս
ʤüؽҪˡ


ڰʮ εĹѫ
ʮӴ汣ʱǰһƬǿպӰ
ᵽµĵҡΣԼܵ
Ȼؿڴ˴ľʹ
һ͡Ѫաۺۣûʲôоûô̡
˰죬ڷӦԼǱһϡ
ݲдѪε޻֮Ĳ״
Ϊһ桱ĶӣȻӣǶ˸׵ѵΪ޷̳
ȲʿˣıһǾҪԾƴսĿԴŲߡ
˵ǱסǱȻˣս¾ΣԭĽҵҫ鹴ûϷˣѾͲˣ
ǱܣѰϣЦҵÿóı£Ϊüȡһռɡ
ʮӴ汣֮£ȴȫȻֻеؿѪڣ̲סĿԡ
ʶһۣȻһ̯ɫĿˮ
Ѫ˰ôصĿѪ
һ󣬸̱ȥ
жֻ̰ǵĹҵδδţ˾Ȫ֮£ʱ𰡣
ʱһ
ʮ᪣԰꣡ղҽٴѾˣ˵磬ظѪȳõġ
Ǹ̬ȹʿòδ
һƮϣƽּҵļƣ˵ݡ
ʮӴ汣΢ģսӦû˳ƽּҵ佫Ӧû˰ĽжԻ
òسѯʣ֪ǡδ
ɤʮɳƣ㣬˵ʱؿʹԼһ
˳ϣýĻǵý
ʿ΢΢һЦ²ͣ΢΢ʩƽּڵһССͷ΢ĩСһᣬľԪûҲȻ
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ʮӴ汣֪ߵλְء
ǰ˿ڿԳʲô΢ĩСһᡱȴ˽Ժ飬Ȼֻǹ̬
ǲǿҪ
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ȻԼʧɢǺüǧֻΪĳЩأоܻˣűǿӲӮˡһûҪ˵պȻŪס
Ū׸ãϾʲô̫ٵ¡
ʮӴ汣鸴ӣƽ־Ӣսǰ᪵ʿ޵˰
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ǰóʱôҵһںسǱ˴ìأ໥ݣδ֣װ֯ռܡ
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ȻʮӴ汣û̫ྫп̾һ£ؿڽۣ㼱æѯʺսľ
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Ʋͼţ˵һȫ࣬ҲԲ˵Ľ͡
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ʮӴ汣ΣÿƲӣһͬ·ǳҰֻܱͷˡ
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Ϊ˵ʮӴ汣أ
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ָǰӵľɵʵܵơһǱӿģҲڡˡˡ
ƽսľ󣬸пݲε˫ΪңνʮӴ汣ɱʮһǧս
׼ʬģһ񻹻ţ;Ȼˡ
飬֪Ǹø˻ǲˡ
˵Ȼûʲô⹦ȡ˶ĿĺøУҲɹˡ
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Ժһ鴫ǻᱻЦأĽأ
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ǳҰ


ڰʮ ꑼս
Ų󷽵ѾϮʤֻ˼Ƭ̣ϣƽнȻ⽻սȻ֮ҪνΪӪΪ˻ǣ˴ڻѾΣȻӦþԮ׾Ͷȫͻҡ
˵꣬Ը̽ʿ
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˴δӼǧˣֱӡβšƣʲôأЯսıִ֮ܵͣ䣬ֻＯʮ
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Ӻɾֻ˾ͳ̫Σ𣿡
⻰ʤΪ⣺赣ģԪʮ꣬ÿζսʱ⣿󾫣ڶ࣬ʿݺᡣ
ǡӺüǵյĵˣԽɼ˵սηǱǰĵ˶Ҫ¡
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Խ֮⣬Ҳ󽫣
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ֻһʮùм߼档
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ʱʤû˼˼ʵ£ֱ˵ϲɼʵڱ˵أǼʱԮӦϣؿٽȡøʤ


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űٴǴʹȰ˵αҪ޵ɼΪ飬ӲӲƽ϶ԿأҵЭȡԽ󡣡
ֺ޴ֹ۵Ϊʤֻܱ̾һ䡰֪νǣ֪νҺˡ
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ʤĿ֣࣬˺ðҡͷʾܾ
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ɫûô䣬ĬĬֽӹٲѪ飬ؿһԲȴסڲ
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ʱָôأ
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᲻һݲΣ
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Ŀ⴩Ƽ䣬͸գ·Ҳͬʱ͸ʱա
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ʱǰ


ھʮ ɼȴ
֮£ȴԲԽֻһγ棬
ԶűƵĲӣɼǫƾ辭飬жϡ
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龰ҡիٳعڲ̧࣬ͷǼԱ죬ǧã֯ﳤȫȴʼòµ˴صһߡ
ȵҼΡٹ̩֧ԮƱˡ
ԭƽϵľռ˾ԵϷ磬ڳΪӪȽƽ̬ɼΪڻоͼѹԷȷ棬ȻγЧӦ
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ʤնǿУ˱ֻԾҼΡٹ̩֧ԮʮּʱͬģȺȡԽɫԳʵ׼ʿǰǣһٴ򵽴ɽ֮µơ
Ȼɼǫǧ챾󣬷ɭϣ޿ɳ֮˫սԲʤɵ֮£ʹ˱
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º㣬ԼǧҪ֯ﳤ沿ʤشɼӦǧǧ֮䣬һǵϵġ
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ɼǫţȴͷҲص̤˹;ֱȥ˴ɽǣȻҪúһſġ
ϾߵıǮԶ
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һʱƽּҵ˲ʢ˼㡣
սĲΪлֱӴ򵽴ɽǣлԽеĸɽܵǵĩɭβ
ƽ֚ûôɡ
ӺȪӺѾһȽѵˣߣͻԷڵĹϾ顣
ƽ֚ע⵽һܹؼ飬ʣһʦ򣬽ϻԽΪα½޼ҹǰ鸽أѵǶɼҳ֮ʮּ𣿡
һ佫ãȻ֪룬ΨδԻɽϾԱ½깦򣬶ȴǳէһʱ֮⻹ơػѣʩɰġ
ƽ֚ͷƣֵ˵ٱɱԽʱ»졣ΪԽСܵδð޷֤סô򣬳ڱ½ͻȻ˷Ǯˣѡأ𲽵춨պѰ
һʣĶ
ն챾󽫰ҼΡٹ̩ľءƳɳ֣˶ԾԾԡ
ƽ֚ȴһɨǣսı֮Դ񴨡еǻۡѫһᵥױд͢ϱ౨ġλΪʦ֮ţҵ¡
أһ϶ʱϲǲΰ룬Ȼæʩס顣ȴԣɫҰףûʾκֵһķӦ
˾پǷĽº˵Ȼһˮܵʲô뷨Ҳֿˡ
ƽ֚㷽ԽɼսλʮӢ£սȻӦͣǲ˵ˡ֮ףƱʤΣǵˣԴ˿˭ʲô𣿡
ŴԣЩȡ
˶ȷʵֲףӢ˴ҶǷֱڵ´֯ңƽϵֱΣҲ˵ϣǿֻ㳼
ΪƫƫҪ㳼أ
ûе
Ϊˡ
ʱ߼Ԫȿֲ´޹ʿԼƽּҵĺﳤסŵˣȴ׷ױʾн˵̫ˣй֮һҪúñһŷʾִߵơ
ҵУ佫ݸ죬емʣеóϷеԹۣе塣
Ψڱ̸۵˹ʤˣȻһԾ𣬴󲽳Уӯӯ°ݣɫһߣܵƽнмӣʵңлֲ̿Ȼ桢ҸЧڵ´ϣּգδйһ˿ҡգҶȻҲѭ˵Ľ̻壬жʹ£ҲֻԵ´ϼҳܣҪñ򲻸Խ
ߵڵأԴǿжּȫѾݶҡ̬
ţһۼĵˣҲݶŰݵڵأ𣺡ӱ¿Ϊʿ䷶˲ţм˼֮ġᵺڴͲ᪸֮ǣλãǽȻΪӦ̷ˡƽнĽ򲻸ܡ
˿ڣнʯذ춯ӡ̡
ƽ֚ĿӴ˶ˣޱ飬ǻЦԻλ֮ʿʲô̬ĪΪø߹ٺ»ջس޳֮ͽ˺İ
ʤ˴ΪȣæڳƲҡ
ȴ֪Ƿڸ̡𡱡
ע֮£ƽֵ֚ҪöλʧҪģʲô۵Ĵǳ˱֮⣡ʵθɼ֮ҽսߣһ겻½ʱҪ˼ԽСܵǣɼĹƣְλȻ˵ְȨأĿ²ʲôֿȵλӰɣ
һڽĬȻ
߼ǻ̾һֵ˵Ϸʹˣ϶ҳеص˲ʤεˡԪҲæͷǾµزȻĴûᣬҪں֧Ԯľ£Խ֮ԸҪᡣ
ƽ֚Ц
ٹ̩عĴָ˵սѾ֤ʤ͵˵λеɼˣصҿҲû˿Եˡ
˵⣬˵˼䣬ƺվѪٹͷռϷ磬һĴȣȻˣ˱лнˣ
ʤüе޷Уֻܸű̬´ӵûǲĻ¾ȫˡ
ơƽ֚˾бʤԽУ˵ܵˣ
ƺ뵽ЩʲôֲӺرԼһڴáԽǰһԭػּѾ˴޴Ӽ̳УӦóй֮֮⣬սϣϳɳصִָ֣º¾ǰóģҾиˣ


ھʮ һת
½ƽ̸֚Цֶ֮˴롣
ʤȥԽУҪϷɼಿϲɽĸӵΣسǳأŻӰΧĿǰʮʯأԼԸǵʮʯҡ
ܵǣغһĮɽɵˮ·Ĳ跨ЩõһЩ촬ʽ˲šܵǶʮʯǿոʯ
ǵְȨԶԶܲȫڱ½ΧɼҵʵʵҲ𣬴󲿷شڻҵУ˫ûЧơ
óȻ㳼е͵˼ʤ⵹ҲˣҪڸ
ǣƽ֚һ仰ܶ˵ĻǾǡԸȡ֮ˣԵ
ûʲô˵ˡ
ͨеǧȥǰ߸ɼǫŵھӣݵʶͲܵͷҲͲˡ
صӣûö
ʤȻΪ´ҳҲȻΪ֯ҳڵȻ޷ϵȡЧĹͨԽԽ߼ǱȻ
ƽ֚һֿźʵĲߣһž͢ڹǿԳֶԱ½ʩԵӰ졣
ʱƣһ𽥷΢ı仯
ӺȻһڵͽڣѾʧȥĹǣȫû֯ȵں֮ڣƽ֚װ֪һС
ѱԸɸķ¡
ʯɽܲҳʵ˲ţ˾Ͳˡ
ʵϣԸµĺȻҲʳվְҵǰޱȽޣʿѴȡʲôߵ˲ţʸĿԸ
Ѿܴˣ˱½Ȼһ⣬Թڣ¡
ǰʱո¶ͷǵĴƽֵһᡣȻͻʮҲ̫ǳˣŪȥǻӵǲ
֮Ҫúͷۡ
ԽǰأλΪ֧ԮܵǡԽеľתأҲ˺Ĳá
ΪֱͣΡһ棬ľأƳɳ֡ҼΡٹ̩ڶ๦
ȻС񴨱ǿƵȥźȲ죻ľڼ׺أ޳Ī޷ˣ硢ΪֱμҳǱܷдܵķ
һֻӵһǧʯ֪еĺﳤףʵʾ͵һ٣ֽܳ־᳹ȥֲβ󲻵ͷ
ƽڴͣҳͨںڣдһϼģʽơ
Ҳ˵ƽϽĵλҲ񡪡ֻ⻰˵ͺܱŤˣҳĿ֮Ȼûпɱԡ
ʲô⣬Ȩ˥ȥôǿ϶ռȵǣܲģ浽һΣҲû˼Щˡ
Խǰһսңǳͷô죬мֵһĹ˵̣Ѿ˻ߴÿˣؽؽǽСءĴûᡣ
ĿһȺȪΪͨ͸ɾ뵭·۵ĳ׼ء
ΪˣҴΡҡƽּطﳤʢһӷĦȭƳ˶־СгǺƤߣƼʯϧ˵ҪᣬҲ˵˳ﻮ֮֮ϡص˵Ļ
ôҪΪͷֲ𣬲ϣҲȷʵ˵Ĺˡ
˳ЩԵɺϵڵӹֻ˵ãúСŵõƽ֚ȷϣֱμҳС
֣֪ǷȻп
ڱʤ͵˶㳼ϸʵ㳼㲻ϡ½ĴҪ´֯
ƽ֚³Ͻ˻档
ⱾһεĽӴ
Ȼƽ֚׳һ仰´֯м㣬ϲʤٱǸмϲʤϾ˼ʲôڽǡˡ
׼֮ǰϴŨӡԶȥָλ
һĺ˼ּۻأ
֯ұռݵŨ뿤߰ʯز̫᪸࣬ǽ·̣ɺܲھȶ
´ҿͱȽϲҵˣܼ߸ʮʯݣ֪Զʮʯ¸βŰҲʮʯ֮һʧ
ô³Թνɽ߱ȺΪʲôҪűӵѾϺأ޷̫£
Ͳˣʤ̨⽻̫Уȫ丸ѷɫβԶʿҹʳѰ
ƴͽнˣεľǽա
ƽ֚ȻҵʹյҪǮ̺ƨ֮ҲõһЩõϢ
֯跨Ũľȡʤ޵ϵͬɽҲ޵Ĺͨ
´ҿˣͬسѨɽžĳ̶ȣѾ˳Ĭϵ
ҲǸηмҵĺ·ġ
ֹ۹ƣֻҪ㹻Ĵл˳ߣ˿룬߷ԣսʤ
Ψһǿʽƽ֚Ȼڱ½ȡ˽չƿʱǿ޷ͨרȨж֡
ձãֻҪս˵Ǯ⣬վС⡣
˴⣬ֻ˵յò
ĳ̶ֳϽ뷨Ҳ


ھʮ 
³ʢģƽ֚㿭صҡУҫһ޼ʡȺ֮ǹڱսͲȵȾַű࣬нƺƵﲻ
Ұ¡ȴȲ뵽ûʼΰʢ
иףеӭ
ó͢ƽ֚ȡ̵ɽԾǴ֮ʱ鷢չ֤ǰжͶ׼ȷΪ幫ȡ˺ܺõۣ֡͢ΡӶλȨԡ
󳼾ТڴһڻȨ԰ʵŵԺգپӸλṫ䣬һССҪ󡪡
ϣõָ֧֣Ѿͣľй͢ڻǣٰˡԺϡ
ģС𣬹Ҫǧһ᲻ȵĻѡ
ƽ֚أھСнְǡǵżʸ£θĲй١ǴͷĻᡣ
ǮҲܶࡣ
ȫƿĻһ΢
ƽ֚ȤѯһǷӵڵùͷ󺹣æ˵ˡݻѾǵĽԽԽ࣬ĳɷսϡԲʺˡ
⵹Ҳ˵ùȥ
Դƽ֚㱾ûʲôرִţ״Ӧˡ
ʥ͹ϵĴͳڻӦ³ٰ죬·ݣÿ׼
һ֮󣬾Тִʱιذף飬ð״yС·ҵͼ䣬ڱԭλ£ΪƽϵļҳԡݣΪͨ
Ȼܡ
ƽ֚㲻̾հԶ֮ʯ
Ӵ˹䣬ֵг档
ټڡڡڣƽּұ˺Ĺϵڡڡܶڵɮ׷ױʾѺá
֧Ҳͨˣ̽ѯʴ֮¡˽⵱عˡˣ廨ŵֳν̧ͷʲôɣʲôճ֮ʲôʼҹࡱʲôԪ˧֣֮һ㡣
ȥ˷ЦҲӲչʾĵ빫ǡ
ûʲô߰ʷԡ˭˵˲ΪУǵǸ͹۵ġ
ڽ̽һָĴ£ǰáĪ棬Աȅɽݻ¼ڻ̨ˡ˼ң޼գԲš
ͽͽ˼ʼ
һЩɡɮ£·֧ǧԺԺȣѰ󳹵׺ͽ⣬ɽŵĻᡣ
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ƽּ˵Ϊһſڹؼʱ̴ơ
ԶǷɣвɺԵһ֣ʷԨԴĽʵ̫࣬
֮£Ǹ˴򽻵˱Ƚ졣
ƽֲ֚ˡԽݡݡ¹ݡ̣ں磬ƹ㡰ȯӡ˰ĻᡱߡΪȱǻУЧս£ԽڼȴΪ׵Ľָ
ڼúֶŮ½ΪҷˣǸǵǵλȨְ˺ϵͷ֮ӰϯйȡʤļȨͬʱľʽʮƣ֧ս
Ȧֽһˡ
½򣬴ݵĵңݵеңڳеַɼʱĺ·ҵʮ룬߲ҰָΪרŸ塢ɽķйԱ
ûӰ쵽κμȵߵľ
⣬ھغܵ֯ų֮ǣ֮ĸ̻
ֱ´ҹϵеĴ·װҵġݡյõ֯۵ľͨľ̵ġɽݡϸТټࡰǲݡԼСгܵĽҡűݡ
Щ˽֮󣬻áУκʽתáȨ൱һݡ
ʵǶԽڵӰġ
ȴҲ˵õˡԽݡݡ¹ݡ⼸̵ꡣ
ƱȤ
ƽ֚㽥ķʽʼõԼӡдٵ⣬صİ£Ľƣ̼ҵľӪȨȡ
ΪҪǣҪϲ顰ڡ൳رǲʤҡľ㼪׷вȷϵǹҲ
ư͡ץλˡõĲõĴ
һǨٸΪͷרŹᣬлǧݡ׵̸ЦƷˡһϲӹŵʿԣӦǸܲеˡ
ڹɨͷƸʦǡռˮȳȻġΡҲռǵ֪ʶǿǵһ̫ãרŰڽְ
ÿƵƵƺѾ·˽֪ĳ̶ȡ
飬˭˵һ룬ͻʶûҿ¡
һЩƽ֚ǿĴ󽫾Ȼز£ȻѾкϷõˣֻ꣬λҲɡ㽫ʲôҵ⣬ĻҲǺˣ˿⡣
һԵд档
ĺˣڳʲôչأ


ھʮ ȡεȨ
³ߣٰ조ˡδ֮ǰƽ֚ͣϽӼͻ͡
айʹ
״ӭ½·ķߣֵϲ֮¡
̬ȷǳѺã͹ױǲ൱ǫҲȽϹ˳˶ķӣ
ǣ˵Щ˲񾩶ܱߵıôʶʱ񡱡
һǿĻǿĴ󽫾ƽ֚졢ִȨһϸԪóͬ
ǵңԶϢͬµҲ޿ɺǡ
ƽ֚һַǳȻ̬ͬʹǴ򽻵ڶʱ֮ǲκϵġ
һ򣬾ȴͬ
ҲԪ׷ִѣǰǰңȡһЩɾͣռһͷص㡣
ʱҲǰǲʹߣţȴһʮ֣ص⡣
ԭĺܳǹءĽչͨݵսȻ˽˲ʰ¾󣬲׳ͼ
ҲԪ׵ǣнԶƫߣʿн֮׹кϡҵֿⲦҷͶ»֣֪̿δ
ŵʱƽ֚ںڵϣҾһ𣬼֣Цֵݸߵĳ⡣
ʮ˼ȴһʱ˼·
Ǽ̳ˮɽ֮Ĵӣʮһҹ裬δԪѧϰͣشɿЩţ̧ͷһѯĿ⡣
㲢δֹ΢ЦʾԴġ
ҹ֣ʮֽ׳ʮһֻȳְһԴԼ磨Լ160֣Ѿɹˡ
ĿҲǼΪݵģԶԶɨһۣƲҡͷԭֻô鰡ǸʲôϡϣСɣ㴦һ¾ͺˣϺµˣأ
ⲻÿɷĶܵļ̾һû˵
Цҹʮһ꣬˵ô֣˼Ѿʮˣ
⻰ҹٺһЦ˼˺ףɬѧĺѰ̵ÿˣ常˵ûνֲ
С常ˡָǮɽǮɽ޳ֱ
ҲСӵʵʽ̵ߡ
⵹ЩƵģѵõط˸׵ĻܵǱֻ츳棬ղûΰģˡ
ҹԴҡͷô˵ҾǸܴıһ㻹֪ġ常˷˵Ҫ֪Լﳤ̣ܶͺá
ʱԶԡ
΢΢Ȼһ˼пɽϽᡭҲ常Ǹдǻ۵
ҲðҹԼܵһģ뵽ʲôֲһ䣺常˵ǻۣʮ
ǺǡЦЦ˼ص⣬Ŀڿ̣⣬ҲҪ󣬸λظأ
Щ鷳Ҳоüͷֲ֪СҲɣǾԵúܲ飬ҲǰûҪȻһͬĻ͵ҼҵԾݹ˵ܷչΪҼʹȨΣպԤϵĳ档
˵öԡͷϿɣŵλȨƵƱػԽԽ⡣һЩҪսֱ߲ӳפƱҪҵĴһ棬ʱҪȨ޲źá
˵ţȡͼھݵĲֻһȦӣ򡢷ǰȵذڡ
ӿ˹
˼ҹһãȻ
Ś˵һáȡΡֶΡھҲԪΪġȡΡϵַ£ڲΥǰ£һкʵķʽȡýչ״лὲⲢǳ裬Ƿʽʱְһкα䶯п߸ѡ
⻺ص˵ͷˡĻһΪȡΡˣ뱻ȡΡĶ󣬲û¹ϵֻЭͬѣǿʱģȨʼࡣݶίڳҲǷЩ
һЦİɣݺƣ㡮ӡҸƣȻһ˳ģҪǿ֧Ԯվȡ
ĬһɵڴѼѾǽ£ܵеô̰ǣ״˵ģԳҲԪ׵ŵģǴѼң
Ц
ʱҹ迴˿ףֿ˿ֳ̧ͷһݶĥһµذ壬оղЩÿֵó֪ʲô˼һͬˡ
÷裬֪ʱʼվԱΧһգ۵С۾̾
ѽ
ϵʹ
Ȼ˵ʲôǺѽ
Цţ˫֣ߡ
÷ʱίС죬ֱȥת˵ڻ߶ţҵľϵˣٸһ𣿡
ڴ˾䡰û⡣
̧֮ͷ׷ʵ˵½λפؽ죬ǲҲҪȨ˵м֮У´֯λãأ
ͷǽҪǵ⡣


ھʮ ˽ڻ
Ԫ꣨1575³ߣսҺƶͣġ˽ڻᡱ
ǸأֻĻ佱ĸʽڹУʽѡһƽأƽ֚һǧʿάƽվȷûЯΣƷΧۡ
ƾöʥĴͳϸ˵ѾϾٸ
ȷе˵ǡо֮ҡУ빫䳹װܸʿ֮󣬾Ҳû㹻Ĳ;ȥάϵġ桱ˡ
϶ҲżһЩȨʿԸ⻨Ǯʱһ¡ϴͳģʼûȶγɹ
Ͼʿ֮ȨҲ൱ҵģԶĲᣬ˵ϸԪó죬޲ƽ֚㿴ʮ󣬶ʮ˭֪ô̶أ
ϲ㣬µǣЩΪҴѧʵĹǣ߱鱾Ӳ֪ʶȫûκʵʲ飬ִй൱ţʱ©󣬻ߺȻһ֮ġ
ʤĻ֮ҲͳһִһʵֽϵĹʵȷʵѣҶ֪Сʹö⹥Ҫི֮Ȼȥ綨Ҫ۲ˡ
֮⣬߲Ҳֳͷ۵
ǰ˽ڻᣬĻϵ壬Ҳ˸ͷľϵԼ֮໥Ͼʱкܶ˻Ǯһְҵ˶ԱƽʱʲôøɣֻҪרϰվܽʳһڱ϶üѼдʹ͡
ͷȻѾڡְҵ˶Աˡ
˶ڸ緢ҪΪΪ˼ٰġˡʿΪ˶߲еġˡ俿ƱӯӹԻԵġȰˡ֡
ѡֻǲȱģǰ°Ϣ֪ͨ˳ȥȻ½Ĳǧˣ˵ƼӢҲ㲻ǿߡȻعϰƺ֪ʮֻң֮ûʲô飬ȫƾ̸ֽ֮ǲ١
Ҫʲôƽʲô츳Ȩ֮ġ˼ýԱоһǭ׸ҷ
߲ںλܵںάʿǰ˼ĵԲǰ衣
һҡԶѡ֣ŸŭԵı鱻и߷⣬Χ۵İվ岻
ƽֻ֚ǿ˳֣ûǮҲ࣬ûôֿ󣬷̬˵ûԺԿǳ̬һЩ̰壬ܽᾭѵ
˳㻹һЩʱĸ顣
ǴϱʾֻͬҪûľС־ζŻҺͳ͢ĴڸС
ƽ֚ҲϿһ㡣
ϾʵڷɣҺͳ͢Ӱǲܵģʹ֮ͷڰȫʲôΣա
̵У뷢԰ף׵մãЦԵǺ«ĺӡʮϳ׼ذ׶ҲΪοͺϵĹƺл⡣
رǼĴѡ֣ܲΰ֮ʱ
λվȨ۷ľʵᵽȨζĻᣬȴ̫ࡣ
ºɽԾƽ֚͸¶͢Ϊڡ顯һְϹ׿ԽιҹƵ䷶λȨԣнԭ󣬿ܻҪһʱۣҲ˵϶С
ǽԴϲûǮȴܸˡ
֮ףѵǡλȨԣн
ƽ֚ٽһΪλϣȨԣнĻ
ߵĲɾ΢΢ˣ
ԡԶλȨص̫٣ʷԭĿǰԭǲ١ֻȨ١ġ
ԭѵõڴ󳼹λĳŵӣŵ϶ǲֵˡ
һʿ˾ͨʿǸ߼ŵڵİ빫ʿڹλ׷ƽĻĻǸźš
ƽ֚Ի˴һºھʦַ̣ϣڴ֮ǰó͢٣ضʮھʿˡ
ɽԾһӦ˵̫ˡʵսǰҪսҪսʤңҽϱ͢й֮ȡλ
ƽ֚һȻ̷ӦЦҿ´ӡ֯λսһڴ˴ѫģʵѾίУ˶ߵĹĿꡣ
ɽԾȵľѸٸϻ⣺ôͷ˼Ҳһ£ΪǼӹٽɣо仰ֻ˽ģǧ˵ҽġԴ˥֮󣬸غܶƿĻֱҵЩ䡣һǱǰյöˣ鷳Ҳܴ󰡣лΪеҴ͢Ҫְ֣һϣǳͣһֲԸܣ£ͺѰ졣һá
Ȼֹ
ƽ֚㲻⣬׷ʣһãΣ
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ɽԾֲԾ˻ȥȷʵݱ⣡˼ĴţҲҲлᣬֲеĹʧҲδ֪ȻǰĿ
ƽ̧̧֚üëɵʣֲʧ
ɽԾСȡĿϣǱ𣬻ǿԽܽǰߣ򲻱˵Ǻߣô˻æ
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⻰ʵѯʡԴϳߡ롰Ҷĳƺˡ
ɽԾɪɪӦ
ƽ֚µҲ֪ˣֻ΢΢һЦǿԷкλӦ


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ʱϢ˵ԽɼǫʤĶδߴ£ɳһ֧Լǧƫʦű½ѹ
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Ƚ˼ϸܵĺﳤбʤˣɼǫҲδֵõô
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ˣɼǫʱ򲻸뿪ɽǵġ
Ӧģʤ͵òκεԮˡ
̬ٵؽ˻ŨӡԶأ͡
޷ܵġ
ʤܽܣҳҲȻܡʱݸ㲻ŪһϳϷ룬񲻵ȫСԭرը
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ʤίҲֻ踺رﲻ˵వһ¡ݺ֮ġ
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ǳڱģֻ򱻱Σʤڳ̬ǣŨӡԶȫϷ
ɽѣɽزŷֱΪųǧˣһ档
ݣֹ⡣
ʤۼ쳡ŨӡҰϷĲӣפڷǣʱ׼ǰ֧Ԯ
ƽ֚Ѿʵˡʿũ롱Ըǰʱս
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Уʤֻ˵ƽ֚ʦԱϢϲ˷ߣȫûгӭУԹص뷨
ҳҲûоʲô⡣

ƽ֚Ĵ칦򣬵βŵı߾Ѿ˽⵽ҵĲá
ʵ֮ǰսѾˡ
ָܵʾˣ·ݿʼ͹ع򣬺̧ۣÿʯģߵһҡ
ڽή˵Գܵجġ
Ҫʣ׼سǵʱȴݶС
˾ǣƽּҸĻѣܴ󡣽ܵʳͰһЩڰ˾Űҡ
ߺ·Զӵʯɽǵȵͨã۸ȻǿԱġ
ǲϳ֮󶫺ԽԽߣԽԽͣҲֹ̫֣Ѯǰóʮʽ䣬ʮʯסʮʯ½ںȥ׬ʮһʣʮʯΪĿ
˴ֱʣʵûѧ
ڷиڼ䣬ʯ˵Գɫ
Сг鴵ΪšһƽּطĻͺ˵ˣˣҴεĳﻮ䣬볤ҵĲžȷʵ֮ϣΪ˷Ͻ֪˽©֮Ҷ޲ڡ
ˣ˸˸СʯɡұʽǽƸʯġ»
ʱƽ֚ߣһǧ٣챾һɽڶǧϽǧ٣ϼǧǧ٣ǧ٣ͲһǧˣĹʮӾǧľǧ׺ƾǧ٣ǧܼǧ߰ʿƺƵ˶ڣʦ
֯´ǶԱҶ˵Ҫһǧϣͼոʧء
ܼսڰ򵽾֮䡣
ôĹģ϶ҲͶͬһ
ƽ֚㲢ʲôԺܼ򵥡ȻʤǰأŨʱԮôҲöӦĲͺá
ս߷ֵԽɢԽֳơ
֯ҵרĸŨ´ҿȫԶƽָӴ͡ơ׺زһǧȡӡ
ÿϣؾֻǧǧˣһǧˣıϵơ
Ȼƽ֚㻹ܴǧˣפڸشʱԮ
ʤڻſӡ쳵رŨôԱҲѳ֧Ԯսҵ·̡
ƽ֚ڸĻǰߵľ룬Ҳ졣
Ҳ˵ʤĸԮƽ֚㶼ԼʱɱӭսֻҪϸˡͲκξֲԶٸƵĻᡣ
ʵʤȫͶ뵽ĳսϣҲ̫󣬳ʮߵıѡ


ھʮ Χ
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˫սԸȴ֮ʱʱʬɽѪɺӣ͸ıµĹʱ߸мƽϣԾƶһضţòųʡ
ƽ֚˷Ϊ·ȺΧŨİӥǡӵĳǡԶĶٶǣڷǿֻǸ⽻ͨȵзԮս
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ȻʤҲôż
ӥɽѣԼǧ֯һǧΧ
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ϣԼӦˡʮΧ֮֮ıҪּ
ʱʤһǧ֮䣬Ũפھս߶ֻ·̵ĵصϣȴǰ
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ȻǶıġн˸ڰ³ڵķǲòǿũǰոһδ׳Ĺӡ
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ǰԵõ֮󣬿ʼ總磬Ũӵн档
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ǰΪԭ߶ҲʵĽӴѹûⷽ롣
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ƽ֚ԸΧǸҪעƺжϣκͨĸԸֵܳĵصϷκʽĹͨ
֤Χ֮ǣò˿ЧϢ
Ȿһֱ飬ǿһΪмǿ
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ǰԶԴ˱ʾȫκ⣬ƽ֚˵һ˿ŵԡ
׼־ΪĶŨӥɽѡ
˳֮󣬿żɽݵԮˣԴ϶֪µľӣȻѾ׶༪٣ǰ;ƽн˲Ը⿴̫ˣȽǣҿԿˡؾúÿǣ
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˴˵أͶϾ˵´ҿԶʩӰҰɽڡɾȺ̣ûκѡ񣬲òͶ
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ǽһԵ´ҿΪ֮գ֮Ŀ˵ʤƽн˲ɡȻ粻ɣҲûκαԹ
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ʿαͬ
û뵽ֻһӣи첲ˣѪûȫֹסмҳػر˵ΣƽּҵġͯΡǰһǹͰײؼ̴նˣ滹һɽһģҲе
ʤʱĿɿڴȻǱ˾챾𣿵ƽּ챾̤ѩôԶս𣿡
䣬һʿԡѪǱкţ񾮡¹˿սƽ־̫ףҪ֧Ԯ
˾´ҲˣҪˣ
һʤȻϲͶ඼дӵбڳԼ
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ԱĳȻʧ룺Ȼ©ˣԷ˾ģȻͼıƣǲǸáǲǸʱâͼͼպ󡭡
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ʤ볤Ȼٳ
ʤʩ߶ٶǵŷΣסΨһɿڡȻٲһʱ֮ھһЩ֧Ԯҹ֮ǰӶ԰ĵ´϶ûģ賿֮ǰҵĵ
ͣ˼Ƭֵ̣ʿʢżָ´ҿսԭ֦ܡӦûжǧ䣬֪ͨϽＯϣȥƽּҵ򽻵
ϣٽţԸڡǸϽʤȴĵȴһ
ǰ񾮡¹ƽ桢ɽһᡢɶŲءŵϮƼʿҲ·磬Ȼʮּѣ߲ˣ֧ţֻǲµֿ
ʤԶԶУȴĳûȥԮҳˣޱ飬ֻĵȴźӲϸ
δʱ񾮡¹Ӱˡ
Ȼ󣬺￵ԭʢط֦ѡܳ㡢󽫳ǰ
ȻҳЩŲδ֪飬̲ı飬Ƕֳʱս̬δ˿ԥ
ʤˣսεԻƽּսΨݼǣڣβԷսν»Ҽжҵ֮ʱ
ⷬӢʮİ֮丸಻ѷˡ
֪ΪΣֻʿغӭܴ󽫵Ŀսԡ
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ϣȻϸ룬ʤӽָȥѸٴʿɱȥûе˼
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ٴս֮ǰܡ


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ºԪ꣨1575ĩԶٶǸеĺսƽսУΪҺͲпһΡ
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ƽ֚ҲѣǮ㣬ðЩա
˫ͬʱ͵ص㣬Ͷ˴
ԭʤϣϮȡ´ҿԪҵķδԸȻƽּҵԮϵֽת
ʤӦҲ÷ͬȱսѳļҳ
ת˲ţγս
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ǰѾƣó㣬⣬ʹӲģʿǣսⰺȻƻ֮ʦ
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Ѹʱͨ䵽ǰߣѾ˳䲻ЧҲСǿЩԲͬͼǿнͳһָӣɴָȫЧ
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Ψһ壬ǡ
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ˣʤδ֣Ϊң
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ϴļŻߴֻһɱ¡ϴֶοһЩƶɭϣĿ棬Υ档
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ȻϲĲһں״ϹĶǹһյȻǻᾡ취ɶѣ²ļҳʿˡ
˿̣ٶǵؾ˵ӿʧأȥ˾Ч֮ʱ龡쳷ˡ
ܴһз˵ʤδ֪֡ûе֪ǳԴȴôҳȰɡ
ΨԵѵġСˡ֪ıȻǰʤƵúȻɫǳ
ѹӿʧأٵԮ޷ѾǵϦѱĹ¾Ż˿԰æϺʱϽ˺Ӻ󳷣صȥɣԴţҪˣⲻǳܵʱˣսɳֻС£нǴɷ򣡡
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Ȼ۴ţƴţȰתȥ
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״ΪͳŵڽӲиڵ֮ѧϰ˵ǿ֡ܵԪ̫ԭѩիӰ죬һΪܴӦָΪأҪǰ
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ս֮У´ҿԳڡɱбн¼ǲٵģһ߰ױն׼ӲûС
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սʱ֮󣬶ֺѾϵѪʬбҰ˵ĶĿ񾭶ľģ֮ʱȥʮ˥ĵ´ҿȻǰһָǰﳷˣзܴӶˣҿȻѾһ֧ƣӿˣ
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˸ߣǱŨ֮һʮսˣԶй޷֮еŷ
ͬʱҲһ꼶ѽף˥ߣһȱʳĳĸµƣ
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ŶԷѪ೾ȫԭɫ裬Լ׷϶©ɫͷ룬΢Щѹ֡
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ھǸΪȡзеأǸΪȡѫĻںأ
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Ѿ߾ܣһеŬȻòʵĽֻܹڲܵĲ㡣

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ŷᡢѨɽžЩһڻϲսȻѭֻ˵ǲƴ
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СΪҰͽֿνʧ׵ܵѾ˵Ĳ˺ӿڣȻһֱû취ڳֶˡ
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ٲҡͷЦʲôΪߣλԽߣԽԽӦóеβŶԡ˼ǡ
ԣŸٸϣȻһȦʿĴУ޹˼ɵ˵ֱԲĻⲢǵλݡŵ⣬Ƿɵ⣡ҵʲôѵͿüҳŽһ£ˣͬЭģ֮⣬˭أ
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֪ǶһβˣǱĸܡ
Ÿٵޱȼᶨȫûаԥ


һ ֮
ƽ֚ӡԶ߾֮ĺϣɹ˿ꡣ
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ʤζŸԵĹ֪УߵȨլۡʳĲҡζһеһС
нǰΪĻ˵Ƕ˵꣬Ҳִ˲ƣġ
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´ҵͬҵ˵ߡ֯ҵԱʧҪһЩĺķҲǺܴġ
ʤջɡٽǰѡڲϻȥĽУӳǲڴڵзֱвΧ֮ˡ
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еһЩνΪﵽӰδ¸ֵĳ̶ȡ
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ܴߴǰԣòЦʵȡ°ӥǡǵĻ󹦳Ϊŵٶͬһ졣ѧʶԨѭѭգģһĪȡŸУ޿ȡ⽻ɮ
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ܴ󽫺ͶĿע󲿷Ƕ߶ϿɵģҲǣǸδ˽̡ܹ
Ԥ֮Уƽּڲֱغ;ӵȨδ𲽿ʼӡ
нˣҪעҵĹͨ

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ǿӲ̬ȣ᪸Υ쳷氵ͨԶɽϰǨβţݳǰΪŨ٣мأֱϽ
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ԴȻǷǳּģ˱źǰһһȥСԭǣ͹ӡ
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ֻ֪֪˭Ӯ˭䣬Χ任һˣ˵ƽн߽࣬ͬסĲףǡʵԶһһءˡ
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ڱĵԵսԣƽ֚ҲֻּᷴȻ´Ľ·Ҳᱻ
ԿĵȻңϽ񴨣ʵܻһӰȱ´ȡҪǿˡ
Գˡ㿴ôңۿҪҩˣΪѣҷôϴ󾢰̸ֻҪ׳һӣŸδмĻͲ˵˸Ͻǩͬɣ
Ҫʤܾأ
ãҿ԰ѾԮѵеˡΪȡ㲻ʶôͬ⣬Ǿȡ˭ҲȲˡ
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⻰˵൱ֱ˵ڲǰ£Լûпԣһġʿ
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ʤ취ĸ÷򣬷ƱҪ顣
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֮Ҫıƽн֪˲ηĴУõơڣƽϵĴˣѹƼҳ֮еպб䣬ɱ֮ƽߡ
ʤԼΪ㵣ȴԼĶû˵ɷ񣬷ʣѹơسܴõأ쳿Ѿøˡ
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ʤɫ˼䣬֮ɬղŲϵ˵б䡯Ļ˭֪ʱŻбأһֱ䡭ôأ
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ٲƺԴԤϣֻԼպͲ԰׼Ӳĺ룬һ̾Ϣ


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ʤԥµĽǣƽ֚ˡ̸еòģֻõõ˵۶ϡ
Ҳ御ṩ֧Ԯ
Ԫ꣨1576һʮգ򿥺ӡ쳷
׵壬ŶԶĶӣؽԲԪšǰģǽ棬Լ߽ʣҳ̩Ͻʤȱ
ɽԾgܰ͵һϵƽ֚ǰ˵ϻľ䡢ɮ¡Ļһнʾĳ档
˶ӦǣûκһʵȨʿվġ
С˵Ǵ˵Ǹ߼ҡĴ
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ǵؾģ̬Ϊҡȷǽ汾֮˿սˡΨиԲԪŸп˵иԾӿͶ
Ǻ󣬽֪£һн£δͶ֮¹ɱԲԪ֣ͨԸᡣ
ڴպ̤뿥ӹڣΪɽ衣
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ĿϸТ԰ʵ̬ȣ˶Ե´ƽֺճޣһ飺нˣԶϵŮһӣ÷衯ҽԨԴȮŮǡˣԸλ÷衯Ӷؽ֮ˣ֮ͨáжӣԲպλδݣ»Ҫշ
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ǰȴ˵԰ꡣԶΪˣհǰ˺ҲܵԴֻǰ϶ҪЩˡ


һһʮһ 
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Ҷ֪Ĵ󽫾Ƿʧ£ȥݷ˼Ҳôֻ̳Ǹ׶ʱֵǰ¹ʶ
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ڵĴ󽫾ûʲôд̵ļֵ
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ΪһũǹӣĶӣľԪνѾ˹ҫ棬½ĳ̶ȡ
ƽּҵĴ£ʼջǱͳ̶ȵĹ飬ɢÿյĹѲߣʼղ꡵ġ

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߽ϰĸ֣ѧڣԭġһ̫֮Ӿ߷׾費ôУȴҲռһǿŵ㡣Ǹǹƺͳҵߣаٲ鷢֮ܡ
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ǸҲǧ˵Ķˣʿţϣӭ˼٣ıȫ
˼ҵͷ߷ӦȻ˵㣬ϾСϹ


һһʮ 
֮´ǰʱҴʱЭ飬ŵ˳ǣԽطʿ˫δнһĸ๲ʶ
յϢƽ֚޾Ҳȫû˼ȻȻع˳ȥȥ˵ķӦҪؾ¡
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ǱࡢǰǺε˾ûеõô͸¶֣
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˵Ӧûֵ̿Ļʤ̿ˣ΢΢̧ͷչʾɻ󲻽⣬Լһ΢Ժ
ƽ֚ڵ⣬ָ̧Ŷߵķ򣬻ãǾˣͽβ棩һȥȰȰضıģҲһˣأǲܳɹģǵҲá
ܳɹáʤڵظţȫԾһӡ
ʶٲĽ顣
عͷҡ


һһʮ ϵʱ
ʤȻ˾ΪʣͲٴκ谭ˡ
ɽꡢѨɽžȱȻҪΪźֿһ󣬵ȻѾ޷Կֻ֣˽Ѱ󲹳ˡ
ϻָ˿ػְۣصĹ翥ǣ¼˶ʱļ䣬һʱݺᡣ
ϧǣⲢԼʵɣ˱Ϣ
صǵĵһ£֣Ůͬƽּġ÷衱Ӷףȥ
Ķӻʫңݴڡ
ôҶͦġ
񴨼ҵ󼸸ҳԼӹڶٻǣȻЩ˸У嶼˲Ǳȫλѷʽ׷׿佱桰ͨ־
Ǹ˼̳Ȩģ衱ӣϢظı飬һŭʧڡ
Ǹ游׵ڼ䣬ҵѾܺη壬黳ԶȨƵʫĸˡ
ΨһܵĿֻн汾ˡ
ϾĸΪƽ֚թƲ߶ս˵´ҿķѲŻ񻯵ʰҪϥĺܡ
һʮ־꣬ΣֵĹܵùȥԽίиڼҳ;ġԼӣȫͶ뵽ĻС
ǲ֮飬Ҳܳչʾ˳̬һá
ƽ֚㰲˾ֱ÷ͬʱǣΪĸ׵μලְȻҲ͵ǸӰһλŮ
˵ڽ񴨼ҶҲǵһΡǰԪĸסٹᡱ˾֣ҳɹ൱
ǽһλŮ쵼ˣҲûʲôֵþȵġ
һ棬൱ƽ֚Զҷ˵Ұ֮⣬һйլν˶Ľ¡
ϧбµŮӲࡣ

½ɼǫŶʤĳʾǿҲʹǡ޵󱲡ƺȫȻȴȥ귢Ρ
Խһʱƽ˶ߵѹﱱڵҰģ漴ڴԽв˺³ܵǡˮ½ʹʵϡ֮ߣЧָƽ־
ȻٹԮԹѵڵΣȴԽǧ˹ģر֧һ֮ãȵ˺ﳤסʤճԮ֮޹
Ѿɼǫδͷƺʼ˥
һ棬ʤҲܲΪȻ
ҪҲ峯룬Ѹ˷񶨵Ļش
һǹ¶߶ŵĺ飬͵˾̧ͷ۵ּдšذ֮ģʽ֮ƽн
Ȼǽ˫ڴ¶Եȵλϡ
Ȼ˵ڰҰ½ȵصδϣһʱ޷ΰݳ͢¡
ֻ˵ΰݳ͢ǡԡȻ
ˣʤŭɶǳⱱҡ֮һҶĿҹɡʵֿ˻Ͻ͵͵ս׼
ͬʱָƽּҳĴкֵܶ࣬˭ɲһ
Ĳᣬ˵ݴ룬ĵٶȺͳ̶ʵǲģΪ·;ңԶԵûôͻ
˼ϼҶ챻ˣеԮʤҵöࡣ
һǰϲֱңҲëǳڵΧ֮С
˵ƽּûʲôɽ飬ǷԮûж˵ġ
ϲҵĵλ÷ǳ⣬شʺȻһźõĶӣ׷δϧ
⣬Ĺϣ豱ĺҰңëΧһΪж״̬ͻƽּҺĵںҵսѹҲǱ봦ġ

Ҫñʮ֡
һεĻִȨϸТʣµҳתƽּң⼸ʱĽ
ĵλȻʸõŴһʯ֪УسᣬĻ㳼
µǸ꺢Ҳ̵
ϸТĵһ񣬾ǳɽǹȨùǺǵĺϷ赹ԣﻹԭ
ڶ֣֮ﳼĳ͢ĹЧͻȻӿˡ
¶ʮƽ֚㣬ɡλϣȨԣнΪλȨԡ
ʮ壬󽫡
¶ʮߣֽλȨԼԭ
˱׷ƽܵĴ󽫾ѣΪй֮Уλߵʿ֮һԷͥ顣
֮ûֱӶλڴ󳼡ȥǳ͢ʵвٹÿеģƽ֚ԼûǸҪ
һ飬Ǿǡ
Ԫ
ʣ֮ŵǻȻѾӽףӵʮֽʣȻѵõĳ֮ࡣ
λʮУȴѾùĸţȫΪȨĸɵġرǡΡ롰»֣һóִµĹؼ㣬Ϊ˺ܴĻҡ
Ѹλ֮󣬾ͲˡԪꡱ£ھѺ׼һЩ⣬Ļ֮͢䷢˳ĳͻ빫һֱ̫ϲš
ڣǡǹܳ˾һĺֲ£ѵá
˵иԪƽܻ֚һ㡣
˳ӦģƶΪȴá
ûٹ򣬾ʹˡԪĹʶ
ϵʱˡ


վ ľ֮


һ ֮
Ԫ꣬˵Ļ˵ǹԪһǧʮ꣬һʽԪ֮ΪԪꡣ
󲿷ֵڣǻʿС̷˰գũ˽ȵȣʵ޷׼ȷ鱳أ˶ϣƽּӿ϶Ƿǳǳˡ
һҶȥȵĳ̶ȡ
֯ųóԶһЩĴˡϸԪƺǰҵĻͲòȥԴˡ
ƺ
֮ܶʱ϶Ǳˣֻһ˿˵ʲôӡ
ƽϵس󽫣Ҳδظ˵˷
λȨԼ󽫡롰λȨԼн֮𵽵ʲôأ
Ϊʲôһ̨ףз츲صı仯
Ԫֻǳ͢ͻҵڣȨкιϵ
ÿﶼǺ֮ȻңͬʱҺϼѵĬ˭˵Ǹ˾֪䡣
ƽôϲЦˣʮǰڴţƤʱΪһ֮õΡƨ£ֹͷҲؾн
ﳤסҳͨдһǣ͸ˡ
ʣҲֻ˵ս»ûͣЪӦðעǰϣҪȥøԶ
ҳǵɧž¿ʼ̶ɢˡĳ̶ֳϣҲӼˡ
ΪַĶǵ塣
ܵĴ󽫾ڵ
Σƽ֚㲢δʲôȹݡ֮ĳ´ĵڣʮֹ
ڲˣóȻһĹ࣬εأ֮͢ڼ塣
к֡ºιıĺɫĬ
ƽ֚ǧھٽռľ¡
УСʤ׷Ͷ˳١Ϊ˶λֵֿսʮգڻлΪҽ
Ѿܵ˵ܳྮҰıӻ
ƽ־ʤ׷ƽ桢дһϸһֱ𹥴ϡھǣ·᫣˴þδܹƣ⵽ҹϮ𣬱˱
ڵĲ棬һɫԭ١˱Ѿսб֮󣬸
Ҿ棬Ѳǰչëұѡ
ûѡǳΪԹ
ͬʱ˫½ྮֱ˵ȾϼУҲдŽʸɡ
ΪʿģһҲȷ㹻ܴ㹻ƽ֚Խʿ˵δȡʹν֮ʤվûʲô谭ˡ
Ƭɽˮһʱû취ȡȻôҲʵ˲
ţöĿΪ˧Сгɽǡ߼Ԫڣ϶¸ڣԼ챾ǧ͵ΪӪ̡
ǸѶȲ̫ߣҪúĥһԵ
ô˵ʺϽ֡
һҲΪȥ˰գٰصŵԵòػˡ
Žȥƽ֚ĿⲻԾת˸档
һЩε鱨ͷëԪǳıϷϲֱ飬˶ߣֻܹΪӰˡ
սĳ̬ƣطʿǶҳĴ߲Ķȥ
ǰϲֱȻǸĴˣȻԥѡ֧ƽ֣ëǳĿʵ
Ҿ⵽Χ֮дԮţȻʮƽ侲ģʲôʧ˼
Ȼһеס
ǳʧȥ˺Тֽ˲ĥ˵ĺƶ֮Ȼֽǿľ뽮򣬽ȡȴʧȥ˴룻ëԪھ⽻һֱûйʲôǰһı֣ҪﰵܵЮơ
ǾִϲֱҶѹԵĴţûţ˵ҵļзȻ
ƽ֚ɣǵѱǵѹһԼ˭⡣
ʮ·ݣڵ·᪶߲þӣ׼ǳëսδʽĵĵǾȻõӡ֤
ġ
ëǳƽִǰлȡôݡ
ǳȡõıǰȫָ״ҳ벥ĥˣ˴ΪԡѪսȴûܵƽԴȻȥص磬ˡǳҴ£Զϲҹˡɧ
ͬʱС紨¡ҪڱгʤţȴȻյ֧ԮݵżҲƽϻԸ߹ٺ»ҥԡ¼ֻ֮ǰȥ͡ºëԪϷָһ
Ǵ˸̵ϲֱûôʧƽ֚ʾ֪ԴȽëǳıߣ˶ԸΪȷ桱
չֳ棬ҰĲ̬
ƣɲ˲֮
ݷҲ˲صȻֵͷһµ¹ʡ
ԭվ֧ƽֵľٶûиıһΧŹľ棬ֻӰ˳ҲԪΪϺػνķʽѡ
ѣѴ򵺽㲻϶޸ģսʱǺܳ顣
˵ձֵõһЩԮٳż겻⡣
˭뵽ոʧصĴΪõĹԮͿԳŤתˣȻĶҲԪ׸һ𷴻
Ҳͬˡ
ǱϾֻǴǼҳƽ֚ûֹֻܽ龡
ϧǲ
ʮµһսУҲԪһǧĹвԵĵҾԲǧס粽ѽ
ѼҵƣȴʮӣԵáֵһǧıûзӳƣǱس޽ս
ȻҲԪ׵õǰϢҲֻܳسǣ¶ͷͬⲻ۽
صǣº롢ͳ໥жΣҳڲѳɴִѩѶҴҴǰǿס档
ɨȫйڶ
ǰҲΪʧȥѩ̣ծ಻ûʲôϵ
ݷֻܵŽܴȳˡ
֮ܶƽ֚ٵǡĵ̫򣬲ܲ룬ŵҪ󣻾ݵĵ˹ǿҲܲ룬ŵҪ̲ĵ뾩̫Ҳܲ룬䡢ɮ¡̼֡ǻеȫ
˵߻бɼʰء
Ҳ֪ΪʲôȻŶñľ档
㣬ƽ֚һǧ챾ٱṩҵľƣȻò̫á
һַɼһ֧ƫʦʣµˣͶŵκһǾԵͬʱ߻Ҫס棬ġ
ΪκȻ׽أ
йĺǿȻڴȥ˵һӶ˺ܶࡣ
̬
Ю֣Ļ֮ʱƽ֚ʵֻȨûôеġ
սҲݵĹԶĴ󽫾ͷϡ
Ǽһ·ˣԼң̬ͳײһκΥָԿսŵģ񶼾ڴԼˡ
ʱƽ֚ЩңûмڽܡӶλڴ󳼡ĹλҲûԴϳߡ͡ҶĳƺţǶԵġ
ڣسأֻǸӵĻмֵ档


ڶ ƽ
ƽ֚ڳˡļ֮ȷиܵⶥŴѹ
йһһ뿴вһһŽַճ̣һ˼ǼȫдԴչһĸˡ
Ȼ񻹲ʮЩֻϦ֮С
Ҳֻѹ
Щ־ʿͶϷ˿һµġ
ڹĸɽ¹֮ʢڵ֪ƽëĹϵתΪжֻ֮ǰݷãѰ֧֡
¹Źʤãԭø١Ԫͨ꾮ȾΪ׵һڼҳԼˮձ᪹Ϊȵطʵߡ
ʮЩѾĵŻֱëѹȥľ飬ʧȥ˲֪׾սѣɼֲиȴһսӳɹǲʲôֵһĽ־ʵ޷
ǡս֮ʱ¼䱻йĴʤ˼Ͳεĸʿȴǲࡣ
ǽԣҲҪϥƳܻصˡ
֮ΪŶĹǺ;֧ɽʢǵ֮Ĵ
¼Ѿ֤Ĳܣ֮սŰܣŰսºͶ־㣬ʵԱȹ֮ɡ
ƽ֚黳Ӽ˴ˣûָʲôؼá
ϾӸ˾ʹèСèֻɽǣһ¼ԪѾǼˡ
Ȼɽʢȴ˾ϲ
Щ꣬һֱëҵһһѰ֪ˮ֮Уͨ伪񣬲ʾ¡ëʤ֮ʢʤ丸˶׽ƽִԴ˴Ŀܳɹ˵Բ߷ں֮¡
Ķ
ϲ࣬ݴѵս£ƽ֚˵ǳԶӽµ⣬ںĺаȫȴǰ͵ÿǵʵ⡣
׼ɽʢŵԴ˶ˣëˮյԳһӣԳ󹦡
жʼ
ƽ֚ǵ˴󲿷ˮ׼ս
һ£Ϣ˽ͬӦ֮£ԼսϺȻģһ
ƽ֚ã챾ˮսң·ˮսңҰˮսң´ԮսʮңľԮսʮңԮսһҡ
ű࣬󴬰ңլңش߰ңˮһǧˣƺƵԺȪ·Сֱա֮عȥ
ë˾ģ߾ܣǲСֻ˰٣ˮǧǰӭսϾǳ̾˵أԸóȻֻ·磬ȴԶȿơ
ͨܳǰȻıͶƽּңܾΪë
ʤ֮ʢʤͼϸȨ²ܷɱҲ˺ܴҡ
ΪëҴֲʧȥһһЩַϲǷҪӦսִսռϷ磬Ծɳӭֻʣٰʮսǧһˮˡ
Աȸ⣬ëĴ伪ȴٽǰռݴɵʯ֮խͼսȣзơ
ʮһʮ磬˫ʼ档
һսëȷ棬ܵ伪ֱӣԾ׼ҵı񹥻ռϷ硣
װڵ󴬣ת򲻱㣬ȺƵˮ£ʼҲʵĲλֻԴЧʴۿۡ
ľŹ¡˵εĽҪ֮šܡԭն࣬Ըӷ֧Ԯļƻƹʯ㳭·ȥʾ
жУ֤ԼĲֵεľáѸٴС֮䣬խֻһٶף伪Ϊͨжûصһ麣ֻ˴ԼʱûһǳѣȻڵ˵Ĳ󷽡
ʱƽ־ѾдĴֻ˻ʧȥսˣȻˮϿʼҵǶȣëˮһսǽ֮ơ
ôŹ¡ĳɹƺ󣬾ͳΪıƵһ
伪Ĵͻ޷ʹúټǰǷŻ˽ࡣԶԶ󷽳ֵ飬ΪȣΪʵˡ
ëˮѵأִ
Դ·ƽˮȫס
Ȼսͷʦʵڲһ׵£伪ֱӵȷ棬ǰ棬˵ʱȻ档
ֱŹ¡̣ʼսһҴû롣
а˴伪˵콢
ֹʱЩѵĲв򽵣һ⡣
ƽˮȡôݡ
ʵĲ࣬аʮҵʧϾ˫һͼ봬Ĵ伪׽ëˮƵĽˣ
˼ƽ֚棬ԭͶһǾǵλˮλھŹ¡լſ֮ϡ
ǣҴ伪˷ɣһλף
ԸһԳɾ֮
һ˵ǣƽ֚˼ӣЦԻŴ伪Ӣ˵ãյüȻţ
Ȼͷȥǰ˵һҪһݵ
ת伪Ϊ˲粻л⡣ֻ˵Ļóȥˮжô˼ȥ
ֻݸ״
Һãǰ˼죬˼ڱʾ˵һݡǱȽ鷳ģҪú׼һĿǰʩС
ô伪Ϊ²һʱ䡣
ϲɺء
Ŵˮڶտ
νָںвڰ֮͵죬ֱܵ򵺣һռݣزǿĺ
ĿǰߵĴ伪ܵһ⵽²ɽʢԵĴͨһʵѷһëҹϵǳУѵͬ״ҳ
ƽ֚ˣȽӼ˴ͨܣԾסأաʾĿȻܣӴ˾ƽּˮ֮һͨˡ
ţȺ׵ܵϸԪõĴ伪֮ԪȻǸӢۣëˣزסָñзΧ͹գȻ˿޹δܵ½
򵺵رȹ̣ƺҲ׹¡
ëֱˮıȻӼ֡
ƽ֚㲢ôżĵ½᪣һȶҰ֣һΧԮë
ڵľ൱Ǵõ̬ˡ
еԵɽʢܵ˱ãԼеգȻɹ߷˴ϡͨܵʢʤжȴ丸ƣһٻëȫˮˡϧӼҵĳһҲˡ
ƽ֚ЦŻش𣺡ȻԣɹһôȸǳưĳŵɡպŬսҲ롣


 ȡ
ëҵսԣմͳΪ֡
Ԫ˼̳Ԫ͵־רעڱݵĹԣԪɽС紨¡ָɽ
ƽ֚ˮ·Χպգ²Ŀɽҡض
Ȼëеӱӻѵİȫб˳±ھ׼ԪѸжԴ˴ӱ۷գС紨¡ϱ۱ʾӦ
ں۴Ӿ»Ǿϣǲݷġ
ֻԪᦡһʩѹǶԸϲֱңҲҪǳɿѡ
ƽ֚Ÿ룬˵ݷëѾǣˣô԰ܼлţһΪĹ˰ɣ
Էܲϡ
ǰƣ¡ץʱ̲ǰܱСʵȻսϾǮ̫Сë֮󣬾ֻʣǸСȻе̶еڸˣѼذѩ˳ǿߣܶ๶Ӳдһˡ
ں˵ʵʮСȵĵɣƷǳӡ򵺣뱸󺣰խ߰ףǿ׳߿ֱйûһʮǲܳΧסġ
Ȼ򵺵ܵȡʵĻҲһǧң͵ѶȲߡ
ֻϲͶƽ֚㡣
ëԪС紨¡ĲṩԮ̷ص졣
Ǵ伪ץסΣԪȻս
û뵽ǣƽ֚㲢ûаѲһսɱ裬ëҵĸӹҰҡ
ȻҲ˵ȫû뵽
ֻǣëҵӽǿƽʦڣǧսһˮǰɵ˺Ұң豱δ򵺡ܵĻ
֣ǿԽܵİ
Ԫʱʼѿ˵ëҵĹٴͳ
壬ʵǵһЩʮǰǸӵٵС壬ֻӵһЩ΢ǿϰչһѡܿԽʯأȫԪһݺأƸ꣬ı֮˵֮
սǿҪôǸػϵŵڣҪôǺüͼλµļҵףһ˷ġ
У֪ĶǺ͵⽣Ӱ
һ˴ĶȨޣ糤ŵϡܷɼϡɽϡȵϵȵһϵţԽķʽɳΪһԱ
һһбҪҲʹ¶֣ͽǳ⣬԰ɱֲ˱еףӰ̲أɽò׵ţϲֱұ
εĴͳʹëȡɶӲս
Ұҵ棬ĵзбȽϲֱƺҲǿԽܵ
ʵϣƽֻ֚ˮ򵺡ܵв̬ƣëҴδ˼Σֻˡ
ëǱҲƺĬ±ͨ½֮ϵ֤һ̶ȵİȫͲŽΧˡ
ֱ챾ܴפƽ桢ҳͨдһϡƳɳ֡Ͳ˳ǧˣܼԼнҰҵΧ֮ڡ
ƽ֚ңָӣǰ߲޴󽫵ϣɴÿɢȡһ硣
Ұ۷嶯ԱҲֻаǧңκһ֧ƫʦû̫ƣ޷ʹơĲԡ
Ұҵεһʮ꣬ǱβǰԪģ顣иϴҰֱ¼汸ȴҲûֶΣǴԮ⣬ޱİ취롣
ȵԮأ
ëԪС紨¡ȻͰפˣֻڸʮĶ԰ԶԶŶѣƾ˴ߴ٣ǲ϶
һҲëԱ԰¹㣬ʯµƽϽ漴Χ
ǱΧԼʮ죬ʮ³Ϣ˵Ԫϲֱҳ˰̣ǳ۳ɰĿ
Ȼëжˡ
ǿ纣ϵĹȫر󡢱жȥ
ͬʱƽˮ²Ĵ伪ȻõӢ۹ˣɱδϧȥӾպսĪۣȻ˻ƽΪѣͷ˻ȥ
ܵܵѹҲ΢ˡ
в֪Ƿʲôɸ˵Ľס
ϢѸٱǣҰֱͨҰֱѡΣҪء
ܱͲԸǵĹ⵽˸ǿȵϴҲ
Լǧƽ򣬾ۼƣΧ֮⣬ɨģһµʱڣڵ߶ˡ
Ǽʮ֮ݣͶ
ʱٵͷȻѾʲôˣסͼƽ֚ѺҰֱͨҰֱٸʿȫѺ͵Ȫȥ䡣
ȻԸľ㳤ǳҰڸسѡеͼļҳһ˹ǰһػ˲ᣬз˰㹫Ʋծ񣬽ܼغ͵ؽͳ
Ҳľ㳤ʽصλ
ֳдĶʮ⣬Ŭ֯ƽʱʷ
ҲǹˣʿɽֻߺµʳǵȴǳԲ׷ˡ
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ƽ֚Ϊ˻¶֪νҰͷϴҰֱŴ£ڱĽСޣ֪ǴӸ϶ϾˡˡĿԡ
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ȵʽѺͽ죬ľ㳤¶ˣҰֱһеԶԶߵףֻ˵һ仰
Ͽ̬ȴˣߵǰ
ȻҰֱδʮĺҰֱͨһͶذѾȥεıգҲǶȹˡأԳƣˣĵº񣬲˼ݣʹ˶δϧΪȣߣշһɣ
ȻϸǿĹ˼õľ
ľ㳤һڴ֮ࡣѾʮȴûжӡҰֱͨչʾƷвܱܶסɵĴȣպҲеǰ;ҪգվѪȥˣպŪӸĻغҰϣ
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ңҰҺųƽ֮ػְۣȴһβĶӵɾ͸ġ
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ʱ˻˵رˣعͷһԼһֱææµµģʮһˣ˵ǿ֦ɢҶʲôģҷ˶ûУһĲҶûУ
ҲйŮ潣ȴҲû¹ŮȻֳϣ㵮Ҳ֪ǲġ
ϽȢżӼ죬Ҳδüո׵ӣȷʵбҪµ֪еλ˭ȥ


 
жչʾƽּҵơ
һֻ˲£˺Ұң԰¹㣬ܼԼʮʯ¡
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սߵȷʵϡ
ѸߵĳྮֱȾ֮󣬵û˿ˣɥʧ˷Ұսֻʣ¸ΪկԱ
ɽˮ׺磬ȻǼѣӲͷһܡڰȫֻҪԼע⣬ͷûʲôմڡ
Ҳܰʦؼҹꡣ
صĲǺȪǣϽǡΪѾǸĳˣȢ˱Ը¼ҵɴ֯С㣬ܿŪ˺üҳ檻չ󹬵ٶȱϵ졣
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۰֮ڣȻɰСӣȮǰڹѣǾͲսսˡƽ֚㲻òοһºЧȺ·ҽʦȷϣҷʱʮ꣬ˣ
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йҪñĵطʵǺܶġҪʮټ߰˸ſӦ
ѡսߵУص㹥ȽѵĵԼѵëң̬ȾѾʾ㹻˽
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Ԫһǧʮ꣬Ҳ´ǸԪ֮״ΣΪ˱ʾ¡ضԴƽ֚ϱ͢׼ھд䡣
˴ͳĵǼ񣬴͵ֱݣ˹־߲֮ţӥԽĿ࣬һ㡣
ǷǵجΡҴֱˣҲǷǵĴ졪ʯֽŵ˷ܸС
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̨ǵɫУԿȷʵвΪ׳۵ļᣬ˷ĵľη֮顣
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ܸıʽǶô˻鰡
˼ӣ紵һ£ƽ֚ŷӦʶԱʱ֯ղŵ뷨൱ʵʵġ
ʱΪʲôôྫܸɵͳ߻ΪôϲȻ
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æͷ󺹣Ӵѹżݵ䣬֤ϴͳء
´ҿʤųѱӥΪһֻëҰòֺ
һ浱ͷ٣鰵Ͷ
ôôĵأ


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֮һһڡ
ƽ֚ɼëսѾΪƣڽֶܴǡýŸԪʢʱһʱˡ
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һ´󲿷˶ھж֮¹Ϊպÿհ綼Ҫ¶ҲǱزٵġ
ΪӼҵĵʤó壬̫ᣬ׳ΪɮɽʢԼλسԭø٣Ԫͨ꾮Ⱦصȣǻ˺ܴӦ꽻ϵΪ˴שߡ
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ǡɽʢͣһڽĵʵ뷨ַˣôʷأӼҾɳսŰܣȻδܳɹأֻǿ˵ĶͣŻⲢҵּ顣ˡҿ˸Ը⿴ļǣӼҾɳܶտʤվ˽ŸȻõ˵ĳϣ
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׳ʿƽ֚㲻Ծ˫ֻ̾
˵ȻѾȫûоܾأҲûоܾıҪˡ
ʼΪӦʣν١ⷬʶһֱʣʼ֮߸νıһľкأƽ֚˸п
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Ǿףڲ쿪ʤˡƽ֚Ըϻ飬̴ӾͽȡˮԼȡһͷһһݸйеġ֮¹Ц׳֮ɣʲôʺǮϵҪֱȥΰŰɣһǰ˵õģֻҪ̫鷳ǽ
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ȷʵɽʢƽͳһͷѾʶ֮ʿܿˣؼʱ̣󲿷˹ע˭ȡʤ˭塰ͳԼܳΪʤߣǾѡΪʤߵѣ£ӹվԽԽãֻܾܱסססأסǳأסһеһС
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ͬвͬ󣬵ԸҶܸȡ衣
ĬһȻ߼Ԫ˹һ˵Ǹһ´ᣬӽ̵ƽʱʫ裬ϣ͵ƽִԴǰõȨָƷ
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ղżɽʢһ˲òı̬ȴǳѹ֣еܵġ
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ûʲôƽ֚˻֣飬Ͷ뵽ƷʫָŵĻȥ


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ǰúϰĿסġǡʱΪ˼ලƿϽ֮أҲһѵû۾顣
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ϸТīСΧеõһڷ粻ϡۣͬʱҶΪһҲƽּҵĸسȦӡ
Ȼôܵ˻֮£ѲԼ²ģ

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ģǰϳǲҰҵ㣬Լ˵ԼسǸеۣԸһ֡ʶʱ񡱵Ĺڣ󵹸꣬ӭӡʦ
ǡøСг˲Уƽ˵ǣʤϡ׼Ҽֱ»ΡǰӦթ֮ƣ۽
Һãмҵڣһթȴûб֪ʵ飬ŷԼƷȻŭҵ˲Ұ㣬浹ǳҵĽûȻΪӲӡ
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ͬʱϸغĴԹ㶼ˡ
ԭҰҵأʮǧʯ˰ʯľ㳤ǧʯ˽졣¼ʮĺҰֱͨΪӣðļҳڱּȨֳּ˵˵˵õɡ
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ɽʢӸ˾ߺ·˲ȣ׼߷ʯǵĳԪ
мҲһۡ
ӼҵġԵסɽĳȰղûгɹ¶ݣϼϣëɵɽֱ֣⵽ɱ
ǣԪڼҳδ˽Զеǳŭ˼ᶨëӵƽ֣ɽֱǽӭɽʢ˽ǡ
֪ëҵĸ󻼣ʼնӡŴ£ʧɫ򶼹˲ˡ
ɽġս˾Ԫʹǧǰɱȹʯǣиϡ
ëԪҲ˱ݺɽļƻذռ￤ɽǣ㷺ĶԱ
ʱƽ֚ȻѰҶԸëİ취
Ͼ˼ڱӻѵ
յ˼Ըصս顣


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ʤȻƽּΨһġǡڡ
ΪѵĵλȻЧǡԪΡľ档
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ȥذʯɰ˱ʣɰ붼öԸһܴӸ;ܵƽּҵʵϣȡֶ֧ǵжԣһȴץʱͳţͼ۳룬ռµʱ䡣
ʼռ㣺һ֪ʲôΪѳֻ֮ǡᡱԸе⣬ڶϣƽ֚ܶԡض족һٴȷϡ
Ȼǲʵġ
ȻڵһϺǣսӱ̬ǵڶȻ޷õ㡣
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⽻úƾʤյʼղ˵κζƽðԴǡ
޿κΡ
ƽ֚עҲֵίߣҷܡ
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Դս˳ʮ꣬Ĵ˵ĶԹ
֮ԸܲƽȵĽ֣һΪ⣬ڶԿ֣ծ̨һزϦ֮ʡ
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ʤϽ˵õĻԸΪַ뿥ӡԶӡβšŨЭ֮ΪǣƱж
ƽ֚˲俴Է˼ЦһЦ״⣬ʣô漰´֯иոո˵Ľ񴨼ңĹɱһɾ鷳ˣ˭˧źأ
Թ̽ʤȴиӦԣβ棩֮ҵΪӣôǵȻԿΪסȻβƱ꣬δԪɾΪ
شƽ֚㲻סһ¡
ٲ߸ŰæʤԼĻǣ̫ˣ
һʤֵʿؿɳΪ̸ʵݻ֤˾˵
νݻָǿĳ顣
˵ǽں˾Ժ󣬹ۿܾ֮ʱ֪鲻Խǹ⣬һ䡰֮£Īڶɱϥ
⻰˼ǳԣϵ˵Ǽƽ֚ġ
˶Ȼɫ䡣
ֱһװŵޱԶңһֱĹڿмӣֻΪŲԣ⵽Ҽȴ޷ѩޡԶԸղŵĻǸͬܰ
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º˵ԼǷܲó֣ǱǣܵʮԼ5֮ԺȥӶաֱõ˿Ӹľη¼ҳΪˡĶ÷Ҳ˻ȡء
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ڰ ﳤ׵Ը
ʤ˵ѡһǳսƽ֚Ͽɣǻ˵ǳӡ
ֻõ˲ֵɡ
Ȼкܶϸڲ
ÿӵľֱ÷˧ǳƽּҵĵλȴûĴѽ
˻ãһӮΣ
Ҫ֪ճķĿƽ⣬ԪѾü꣬ӵСгȸһӸţŽɽǡĴ󲿶ӣر챾Ȼڵɽˮ˰̡
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⴫ȥкö˻Բ·˯ž˰ɣ
ʤҪĻԻֵù
ôܲе鶼һźżҳҪҲ;ǳξð֮
Ȼ̶Ҫơ
ܷչΪԭʷϵ´ҿȨµĵزʵ˵ԭʷǰҵλã͸÷ǳˡ
Ȼʤû죬յ˳ҲԪ׵ż
˼˵ڶԾݵѾȽ˽ˣҲ˼ľݵ㣬ԿǽһжȻѼΪ˾ʵʧȻұֳս൱ˣΪʿҪ֪Ѷϲ𣿸õ˷ʱˣ
ڳҲԪӵеȫ趫ϲԼ᪵һЩأܼԼʮʯʵʩһ㡱ߣǿƣóһǧӿ纣ս
Ҫ󲢲ߣֻϣʮӴ汣ÿ㴨֮԰¹ĹԮȻøոܷľ㳤ṩ˺ͺ֧֡
ʤྶͥˡ
һ֮ǰҲԪɱݵĿģȻΪ˻ȡأҲˡַ׷š
ı䶯´ѼҳˡҳҷΪ˻Щˣ̻Ǽͷȴȫˡ
ϷתҲԪû˿ԥûа㱧Թû˲ᣬ̾͵תǹڣʼѣֵ
ʵҪΪսĹųֵ⣬νĵѹϵǾԵġ
˿ȴǡְءıɡ
΢һ֪ôı䶯ڲ̬ڣⲿĻͨǺ鷳Ĺǻںô򵥵ġ
ȻڣҲԪΨһ󣬾֧Ԯݰˡ
ܲӦأ
Դƽ֚ΨһĹǣƳҲԪδشùرǸԭʷġ顱Ա룬вҰԤס
ֵһ˼
ǣƽ֚㷴˼ãڵõۣȥɣˣҰܣˣ´ʵоԵӰ졣
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Ȼ󡭡
ƽ֚ѾĹǳҰЭԺʵķʽȥϳҲԪ׵жľ㳤ΪٸվȽŸͱˣֻڡ
սָȫ
Ĺ˷Ӧһ
ʮӴ汣ܿڳҲǳҰ˵˵ȥģÿ޿޲ɣ԰¹Ƕ־

ͬʱﳤҲźԽɼ𷴹
ǣһ֮ڵηսԸܵԷ;ڲ˥䣬Ѿ˱䱻ΪĻᡣ
һ˵ɼǫƺزԴˣǲģܿ̽һ¡
ԽǰܵǡԽиȻȽϻңûг׿ƣҲ׵õһϵĶˣԱ½֮ϼӺһڵϣһս
Ǻﳤ׵Ĺ۵㡣
ƽ֚Ϊ˵㲵ء
Ͼҳǲһġ
ǰһǮĻϾٱͶȻܷȨԶȴõءڲɳģᱻίΣΪķϸѭ淢
ƽּҵسǣ϶ǚһģûκּۻۡ
ǣﳤ׻⸽һֽƬдһСʵ¡
ԸԪʱͷĿѣҽ겻ӣʳϷ½ޣֻʮսȺ֪ѪδӣǷ֪μģΩԸƣ£Ŀӣ
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Ȼλֱѧ±ֱҽһУ˼ʱֻ֮ͷһӲͷƤվĽȴǣﵭ·ǰ⵽ɱܵ˺أԪڲţ൱ҵʵڷֱ治ڣʾ֭ҲֻýãЩҩġǰΣԵʣĻ˵ԡ
νǰˣǺﳤΪѹĹģŪĿơҽʦ֪ȴȻġ
գƽ֚ûеλҽʦȥš
Ȼűŭʲôʦͽҿǽƭӣô˻ôʱ䣬˵ֱЦù鼸ӡ
ﳤ׿ЦסѾ͸⣬԰꣬ҪΪ˹Ȳˡ
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ƽ֚ⲽ̾˰죬ֵ˵ĻеǰΣءȻͰѱ½£߸ҰɽҪҸȪ
˵ﳤ׺Ȼɴ۾һ˾ȻҾܾ
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ô꣬ԷǵһӲԼǰ
ﳤ״˿Ϻײ͵Ψһϣڱ֮ǰֲ뵽ɶµĴҵжѡҪ⣬ͬǸ֣ǵ磬ձȥգ
ƽ֚ҳȴᶨ񣬾֪Ӧ
ȻǰЩߵɽʢ
ͬĴɣƵľ׷
Ĭãƽ֚ͷ


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ΪֹϵսȺȡƽ֚ɣչ˸Եж
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ɽʢӸ˾߷˲ʯǵϣë
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ҲԪĹΪܣݣѣ
ﳤڱ½ﱸɼļƻ
һ
˽ܾƽ֚㱾˻´֯ǰЩܴҪոضûж֮⣬˵ǵ
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蹥֮ƽֱ֚Լ͡ڡڳսѾһЩƣ̬Ҳʼȱҽ״̬
رڳĽ챾ԣʮҪǸ»⡣
һӽ򳬹ʮʿ䣬ҪӾƳ˥˵̫Ӱս
Ƿǳ鷳ҲֵýԴ⣬ϱõưãȨΣƸ鴫ݸ֧ߣԵط𵽻Ӱ졣
֮Ͽ̴ֱĶԴĻԹ޵ĻǾͻӰΰĴˡ
Ǯǿ϶Ҫġһܷ˺ܶ࣬ڶܽ⡣ṩȡʡλĹλǹؼ
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½˱šǰԡϸТ˸
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ҲǷǳ۵Ĺѫ˻ûǰԺͼڰѾݵϸТͦ𾢣ֻбǴ̫ߣѹȡ
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ӵʽװõ㲹ֳѵ۸һں֮ڲ⣬ɼҵľʱԻԴ·硣
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ֻҪֲ⣬֧ͻҳϵĸ
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ķչûô죬ҪôǳսҪôţγɲ˾
ƽûܸ׵ʾԼݻȡ·ߣһǧȡ˵ϵȹ˵ͶΧסһɫҵĹľǣĥ
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رϴӦų±ܺͬˡơżӮǵ֧֡
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˻ľؽӴĵЩˣԼԭ֮ƽ֚Ϊһԡ
ζţҪٿսߣ
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ԷԴвڿ͵٩ĳɷֱ֮֡ԽУҲǶԡΪĲмֻƽִԹô
ΣֻܹԹš
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и̴ָϵͼ͵дһϴҹǰӽо˰ռСgסо󳷵Ψһһϴ·ƳɳִҲЭƽ˴ӵ·纣½ʯ̲󣬳ɹض˵оĺͲ˳֧ԮĿǰǳԼһһǧҾǧ˴°Χϱߵĺƽ־ռݣɽǽʣĳڣĿǰоƺûд塢λƽǰԽס
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һĶǣıƣվǳһ֣ƽִԸʤһ
һ߸пһܽᾭѵһܱǰӬͷСԻκ˼ȷû©ʵʩ
˵ǿɲһӬͷСرĹ»ڽ´ҲǺܿϧģôأ
գǳΪƽ֚ıڡ
ֻԴ˷ʩ֮󣬱Ϊԣ̬˲Ϣȡʳ֭
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˼ˣ½Բȴ֪ĵʲô¡
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ŵʵЩôЧֹ˲µζ
ƽִѾԸΧסǳȻ̫ӣò²ҳǲǸУıǨŭ˿

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ϸТǰߴұҪʱϸָӡ൱ǰﳤסҳͨСгȺɹġСְλ
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źһʿͶսˡ
ڳУȻӶеĶľغ΢ЩĽˡΪЧʱҲǸ״ֱÿô۸ӵֻҪյɹʲôҲûС
תһ룬һֱôʵֵĶգǸ֪ʯʿѣƿһĻ᣿
ͷߣⲻ˶еһЩȴҲֵñԹ
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ӸղƶϣɽһǳΧΨϷǺҲƽּҵˮţӦûѵĿռˡ
ȻӳȣٵʱϢֻѾսзΪǿһʱȡʤ
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ص󣬲бǿ׺쳡ԽĵҲ࣬ܣûռϷ硣
һſ۷ϸТ˵ǳ֧ƣƸ̶ۣľ档Χһ֮Ը׷֮Уٵ
ƽ֚ҡͷܾǳ˲ڣҲˡȻе͵ϮңǿɲܷŻɽױռϷ磬ֻûԡ
ϸТɻγʮִæ䳵ʹͲˣѰڣǳѾʮϤô¡
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˻һϸТŻȻæתæµȥˡ
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˼˵Լмʮɡ
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ƽĴͱ֮ءڵ˿Ƿι֮ʱ
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ⱱдһϰɽأֻܰΪ֪ĳͨܰȫͱ¶ϣҲڲȷء
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ɽһᡢɲɱó죬رǰ߼дڣζĲèһ㣬ûаֻ֪ͳ岻ͣӳȸղŰŽ׶ǿһصս׷ǳ󲿶һᡣ
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սһǳѾɢµķȻһһץסѯʡ
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⻰Ūƽﲻסëûٶˡ

ʰ׵ȥƽ֚ʵǳ׺ŮδڹһֻԸڽѰһʵżɡ
ܹעģǹϲֱҵ顣
˵ݵ͹ڵƽ֚̾Ȼˡ
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ʣԷǲǺãҪй𣿡
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·㣬Ӧڵõָʾ֮ǰ̳ˡ
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ȷʵˡϲֱɫоȣֻ˵֯ﵯ˵ʮֱ˵ȴ֪Ҳ˰ôҲضˡ
Եȡƽ֚ЦʧһЩˣ˭㣬ҪѸƽ£Ҫ˵أ
⡪ϲֱȻʧ룬һνӲϻ
ʵ飬ĳЩǶȿ˿찡ƽ֚ζֻǱˣǽ˵Ļô˵ԭȻڣʲôأѵһἱĳλȥ֮أ
ϲֱҳײ֪ô˵ˡ
˵κһλֻܾһʱ򣬲Ӧúܼ
Ҫ潲ɵĻѶ缸ͳһҵʲôôأ
Թ⣬ڷɣһЩǰδеĴ󹤳̣˼Һû˼
㣬֮ǰ£
Ĭһƽ֚㸴ڵ˵ϣǼƣһǳҵ˼ˡ
ϲֱԥƬ̣˵ͷסԾٶƽԴԸ໨һЩʱ䣬ϲ֪ôˡ


ʮ δ
ƽ֚ͬϲֱҵĻ棬ľƿʼ΢ı䶯
ںߵͨõذµĴҲвٱ⵽ַ
ʼǿںС¼ұΪǳİ׺ĸǵ֪ϢǰǳܵˣµĽСҳԸ뿪Ȼ𵶽ֿɨ
ͬʱвĥԵϣΪڡʦ֮ץʱ²ʩˡȥ˳˵޷ܣֲˣܹƺ֪ȥˡ
֦ʯ仳ТߣŭľأƽִԵΪٱ⵽ѯͳǸңΪش裬ʾ嵳漴ɢ
һϵ¼УϲֱҵĴڸзǳǿң˴۾
еָغʹƽ֚㶼ѯϲֱҲûаȵĳŵṩԮʣʱȻͬĬϣߵͷ϶𸴣żͼӴ׼ìܡ
æס˺ܴһֵĳޡ
ϾƽִԶʲôڦ֮ʹ֮һʱ޷ֱαҲģġϲֱұҪվˣͷû־Ե÷ǳûƷˡ
δģԭ֮һ
һƽִ˵ϻģľǵıΣΪϵõѱ⣬Ըһĳɹʣ˺üҵĹڡ
رӣ׼ңҰϽ
ҸܱȽܵӺΣάİʵһ
Ҳδģԭ֮һ
һƽ֚꣬ϲֱҶԱǰζԶĥռС
Դڴ̵ĥɽǰߣĳɽߴܡ
ҰɽڵĵһԼĿǰʵʻëᦣҪΪֱϽһ̶ȵļȫҪƾӵС¡ʯճĵϣΪϲ߱ҵġ
ĥþǨ͡ڡ
ֱǿҪƷһ㡣
ᦵȨṹһֱڱȽϸӵ״̬ܱߵǿǳԪϲֱΡྮֱӵһĻȨӰػɽңҲ
һŵ¹˺ȡ൱߶ȵȨޣʱ˳ŷΪǽͷҡڡ
ƽ֚ҪǣģأȷĴСͳһƾӣҲ˵Ƿǳ̵ǰĺһȣȫ޷ܡ
ǣİľϡϡ̫ԫҵͷжЮ£к̣𷴿ƽֵģΨһָë
ᦵд塢ɭң͸ԪͨĬʱǹȻսӣ뼪ɽŽȥȡЭˡ
ȨɽҲվƽֵĶ档ԭΪػλһ֪ҪΪֱϽ˵ʮʧŭġ
վڵ͹Ǻܺ⡣
Ԫ;߼ıǲ㸻ԣСذˡ
ɽϽ֮ڣᦹǹѵõغƽԭũҵԷǴҰɽ鱦ء
ҪǣɽҴڼŹУδƽĳƳҲò񾩼ĳ
Եᦵķƽ֚ķӦܼ򵥣ˡ
ȻΧǳǳսͦҵģַĥĹҲһսֵһᣬȫȻоųҵʿսʹ˰ֱּ̫ϧˡ
ͬʱҲӦһ²ȵӸ˾
ɽʢÿ´źչ¶ܽȡ˼βСʤΪƾɽë⡣
ƽ֚Լ鱨ԼϱӵʷƶϣڹֹۡûԮĻССӸ˾Ǹ¡
ëԪ游˵˺ԶȻǸϸѵ»ġһûִһһصĵʧھսǴӼ޵ֻȴһΪԮĻᡣ
ɽʢоֻΪδɡ
һë̿ƽƾ͵ȷӣɽʢôҲȻ׽⡣
ܴ滹ǸĽǶȽ̫ϣĽ֡
˶
ڼƽССľϲ
ڹ򵤲ɽصİϳܴ֮صƶ󣬻ʱ䣬Իͱƣ˽ɽǡ
һɫʩʮǽ壬֮һҳԸ棬·ũġԴֻʮͽ
һɫ嶨ЩֶΣ쵼һųתľǣһĿ׼һ˽
һЩʵƽյҲ㿿ףõˡĳء
ǣһ˳Ĺ׳֮ɱΪҰ飬˫չӴҰνˡթΪĵиǨʯ¡İţûĹǵĳྮѹҲڰºͬ
С漴ʧȥս⡣
Ұˮһ룬ྮʧȥ֮Ǩӹ˳Ӧϰ
˵ĻƽѾԱƽˡ
ͬʱʤֶԱҵ⽻ȡýչ
½Ұ˳ͷͬӭƽ֣ͬƱǱߣѾ˿룬֪Ԯںȼһ˿־ЭƻҪеġױɡʹ졣
Լܵܣ༴֮ļ̳Ȩ˵Լӣġ÷衱ͳãһӱҵľʱΪͷϡ
һϢԴȱˣû취¡Ȼ´ϽǷǳϺģƽּǧ֮ǿ飬͸˸鷳
ҲһߺϡһƵİϷˣó̬
ʤ͵´ҿȻѾˡ

ȻҲս߶ȡ˿ĵĽչ
½ﳤıķʧճ
һ·ɨܵǡԽеĴݵ㣬˲ֻԽ󣬶ɼҺ޷Ӧ˶šԽ֮ء¡
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һҲȷʵòˣûд챾ǰ½ЭӾһɳĺȻ־Ŵңܡ
ܵǡԽеĽչȫʧȥϲ٣Һñʤǿվס
ﳤ׳˴ս֮ױдһţֻСܡĸ֣īǳƽ֚㼫Ϊģȴֲ֪ô
ǵʱְܾ޷ǰߵĻᣬǶһ׳ѪʿԣԲĹޡ
˼ƽֻ֚ˡսĸ֡
ҲԪھݣץסһλᣬ˵ҼԪһֻ𶯶ӣ˵ǴˡҲսʤ񻰡
ʤûʲôãõû˷ʺȽԭڴѼҵʵƽһб
ս֮ϣе˳еܴ죬涼ͬ
˴Ӱƽ֚㴦Чʡÿ²ϵһΣǰҲҪѽʱ侫ܿȫ⻹ǱšǰԡϸТ˰æֵ¡
ԭƻԵڵķֻûмʱõʵʩëһɳʹϣдֽһʱ̬ȿ϶ɶˡ
һƽ֚еܡ
ƲϾɥܲӦ
Ͻ˾ӦԴƽûϣΪԼĵֶʧȥ֮ضź


ʮ һȫ
ɽϾͿˡ
ƽ֚㿴ԶĹ⾰۶ϣȻǧͲߵĶӡ
ӹڴһ䣺ǡ䣬ԼֻڵϦ֮ɣ켴ϢҲδ֪
پ
ƽ֚㰵üҡͷŲ©ɫ״Ц⻰Ϊ˵ӣδҲ̫˰ɣαô಻ȷִʣ
ѵǰͷȥƬ̸̧ʵȻȷʵвαأ
ƽ֚һ㶣Լ˼صΨһģǾ˵ٴϲŭɫ˱Ӧ󲿷⡣ֻҪֱ泡ϣǲòĹؼʱ򲻿С
ˡ֮˹
ƽ֚ɵڲˣлֱԣα飿
Ʈһ˿ɫѿ˵ʵ˵ǡѾ׷ֱϸˣžͲҪΪǲ˰ɣԣ״ղŵ˵ʵǡ
ƽ֚զЦͷ˵еΪĵȷʵһ仰ףҸղͼһԱ֮ȴǹڼˡ
̿֡
Ϊȣ¡

һȻȤҵΪһ˵ҲֵĶϰʱһô죿ֵĻشʲô
ʲôأȻԼ׺򣬵ͷβҲ²ֻ΢档
ЦŲ䣺ʱ˵ȳõδȣʩȫͻһȻÿռһʹ߲ɼˣŻٴһűֻҪƾ汾´һԲչ
ƽ֚ȻʧЦȷʵⱾ£Ѱǰͬ㽲Сӡ
˵ǡҲˡ
ƽ֚һߴŻЦţһ߰Ʋ˶Ӹղʧԭ
ˡƽĹҵҰⴵΪˡˡôȻأ
˼ȥڣʤ̫ƽӹˡ
ڣûӵģνͷ
޾̫ˣǧذת˼ڶûա

꣨1577ƽִʼսȻһþöûͣЪ
ɱǳƽĥиϲֱҡΡͬʱĿһɫҰྮõ󡣸鲢һٹΧɽǡ
ȡ˷ǳ򵥴ֱս
ʮϾ⽻ͨͲպ䣬ĥؾʿ֮ٴӾѡ˵һǹǿͻ롣
ʱ£ȿ˴ɽǣݡ̫ԫǣɨƽľϡ˵չ¡
ռأպȻΰսҪæ⽨֯λװǺ޵ģһ£Ϊ
ƽԴ˸пɽΪ˵ãенǷϳˣΨսģΪ׳
Ҳ˶˵ǹ˵ı˰ɣԶԶϲϼ쳡Խ󣬹ִƢܸʤ
һˡȻӹǣ˼·˳ƵģһƽּԣôΪβɴᦡзһë̫ƣսأ
ܹ˵ũǣǣȫؾǵˡ
ֻ˵˹ִ֮⣬ܡҲǹ˵ıԡ
ЩܶϵƲⲻᣬ֮ܶЩڲ֪ʲôԭսرļ֣ƽּҲҪκζսԻͻ˸ƣѵĺûᣬȡǳƽӹʤ
ƽӹ̶ȣĿǧǿȡȿܸʤһ
ʱëҵصΧӸ˾棬ֻԼһ˵ᦣȴ뵫ˡ
ëԪԾ򣬼Ԫʵָսˣʱ佫ɽʢԪɾֻʣϺ̲һԼˡƽ֚㲻ƴ۵ˮ·ȥ֧֣ӲͷΪѿС
ңյʱҲ͵ˣũΪٲ޷˳άֻ֣ùձɢ
ûˣӸ˾ڼ֣ȫսȺ־൱ˡ
Ȼ沢˸еȡ
ƽ֚ǳҰΪ٣ȴҰɽУȻͰڳֱָͣᦵ̬
ίϲֱҡպС
ʿũ롱ŵڴ¶
ڵ⽻սʼĵжԴƣڱˡ
˵ëܱƲ֮࣬ƽּҲĻǧңռŷԴơ
ȫͬġ
ښƵУ챾ѹĵһֱֹճֻҪ𵽸þͿˣҲֹǹ͡
ЩѾߵ籾ʤ˾;£ֻ¶ѿһ˷Ҳں
ҲսԽԽƽӹҪԭ
ġ֮ʱһЩ½ݵĳͻ΢ƽƽܹ֚ר־Ըëϡ
ǣضһЩ䶯Ӧ˵ǼӰݵ
ʤǢ뿪ʼġ
ҵġɡܵЩһʱʼ£⵽ͻȻϮľʱΪ׵һس컯֮±ɱڳУԳĿߵȺڶ˵ˡħӰѱ档
ǡױɡһռݵԵϷˣҲұ߱ĶһϢ뼰÷豻ˮ·ǣѰƽּҵֱӱӻ
һӣֱֻüסСģȴϵǸڣû첡أǶδĿ
鴫ȥʤķӦȻᣬ´ҿҲʼսԸȷַ֯Եر̬
Ͼеļ̫ˣ˵ֻܺסϹӣ
ܻ˵û֤ݣ飬Ҫʲô֤ݣ
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ƽ֚ڹë濪ģþԹضʱûȫ졣ôŷңȴҲ֮֮ˣȹƽǧʿŹ¡İǰӣ´һʩѹʱ̬
Ҳۿͼذɼҡ
ԷַֺϺϵԩ±ΪβƵˡ
Ȼĵܵ㣬һΪǰԽɼǫΪӺǲͳĵùٶȽ봺ɽǣ常طꡣ
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һ棬ϴ̸бͷŻصëҵĴ伪һֱͨܵ빢ڻ˿̵֪ƽּˮаȥ˹ضҲ಻סзߺޣԱеˮʹֻС紨¡ʤĥ
ûƽ֚ͨܶԴ伪Ǿ£ϽԮƽּʣˮõ󣬴ӵ·᪡Ȫظս
˵Ȼ˾Ź¡Ҳھͻʲô飬˭Ҳû뵽Ĺļ˽
ҲԪ׵ĵճǧ裬귽ʮ׼Ԫϣõƽ֣֚ȡȡ׼½ʱϴ伪Ʋӣ⵽
ʮ˲ִټ̲ȴؿеȻΣһδʡ
´֮󣬳ҲԪ׻ھݼսҴʾ۷ӭǧʱŭӣּ۳Ͷ٣غ˴󲡡
ҺãĴӡĹ衱͵ƽ֚ʼӣʮ꣬ͨʡ
ⷬһѹס棬һںͼҳʲôӦе뷨
˫һͨ󣬾áĹ衱صΪ̣ͬʱƽּҵĶС㡰ףԤˡסΪԪ֡
΢嵭˳ҲԪɥ֮ʹ
޷ͻŲǰƽ֚㣬Ҫɱܵն˴伪Դѩޡ
ֹ֮б¶һʲôܲ˵ĳ嶯Ȼ
˵εӦеľƽ֚ǴûԷʧ̬
ɼ¶ԳҲԪ׵Ĵʲô̶ȡ
޷ܾ
ƽ֚ϳŵëҴ˵״죬ӦΪУ˹֮Ұ伪ߣˡ


ڶʮ ë;
ͬˣͬݵ۸ȴ⡣
Դѳӣƽ֚ǰһ࣬ڶս˵ʿ˵ҲһˣȻԴͣͣͨĽ档ΨγҲԪ׵ĶˣΣպȻý̸ˮݣҲǽš
Ե˵Ȼġ
ǭ׵۸϶ǲͬ⻹ֵһ˵
ҲԪΪѰݣƽ֚㲽ѾпʮˣһмӣҵҵΪҪһţѾʮʯƺԶԶյ㣬ҵĵճӣѰˣ
Ϊ˵˹;ݵıãӺ˽ضͱ½ļƻҲûëġ
ɼǫŵƶڴΪתȥٸѹ
ʤ´ҿʱֻԼ취ǣƱˡ
ҪˣûĹİԵȫǶ֡
ģ϶ëԪɡ
Ĵ󽫾ȻΪƽְΧȦͷԱǣɼ׷ǰʾ𾴡
ѡ˱ָۿڣ༴Ƕٶǰϴӹϻȡ׷֮ԺڵأΪʱġϣ鸣شˡ
ĻƻڱڣҪǮְִ˦ͣëԪܷ⡰족ȻûɴΪһٶҳȫȡáڡĳƺţһӶݵˡ
ЩδʲôʵãǿĹ
ԭЩãͱС޴ˡڶȫĿǣƽ֚ʱֱӰôһڹӸѣôĻʵڲ̫׵
һëԪвȹǿλԳơҹԴ۵ݲòʰ㡣
˻Ҫίûǿ˵ǿġȻٸһͨΪ϶вǿ͸ôΪС
һ죬˵ù
ƽּɽᦣӸ˾ڲȻϲֱҡαٱУŹ¡լſˮгҲԪ׵Ĺƴ
Χ֮£᧿Σ
ı֮ߣƽ֚ȡɽǣƽָֽȡǶȥչʾ赲ͷ
СǴڶ״̬ҲԪ׵ļƽ⡣ëˮȫӵʱ˴ˮĴֻݴɰҲ̩һ˵½޷ܷһɱֱ֮ȡ￤ɽǶȥ
ĹʮӴ汣ÿ԰¹˷׷ױʾԸ֧ԮȻԹҲ뷨
սʼëԪһᵽַĸо˵ⱲӵһΡ
ɥԴӶΰүүţھӲѾģǼùģһ֮СսԽԽ뱱ݡܵĺǿ򽻵ܻʤȴʼնǾս
աܷʯšЩطʲô֮£ȨһԪǰһ̣¿ϣתΪսı־Ա仯
ĹĵһС
ҲԪױɥ֮ʹ˼ɼûжܵҲ̩ҲǸ֪սˣһʿԸصбǴݿ࣬񣬽ʱСǣռĽͨĹ㵺ޡзľӳǽ·ˡ
ëԪԭȼбԸӸ˾ģ˵ȸæ˻Ԯ۷￤ɽǡ
˳ǵҪǽԫ㣬ʮΧҲɹһصġ
崦ˡ
ԪҪӸ˾翹ƽĽС紨¡ӦϲֱҡεĹһǧҴֻѹ
֧֮穣׽ˡ
ᦣΧȡ֮ƽ֚зرɭϣжһʱԹˣּϱߵĽչı˲ص㡣
ɽսͬʱҳͨһ˵ɽʱָϲࡢͻС
Ź¡լſֻͨ轫ëˮǣɡ
ȻдһǰĹп֮ʮӡá԰¡㴨ȵڣ֧ԮҲ̩ĿĲǼڹ￤ɽǣҪڹ㵺ǣΪǰҪ
Ĺķֵ꽫еʺ
Ұٴǧˣ纣ȥĳšʯҪֻԲӲͷëԪ߼ԪȥԮôԮصǰټɧšؾһǧ˵ĳǳҲùֻҪڳ·ŻշݣݻٽֵδսǱ
˵ǱëҳĹ֮ߡ
Զƺ°ǵĳޣʧȥģӰδİƽ֚㱾ûֱͳЩͷҲʮνˡ
ΨһҪ˷Ƕƶֶ̬ͬкĶʮĿȾ֮ʮһˣʣһȴʼղȫɢ
ȡ豱ĥвƽ˵ȫռݵ֮ƽ֚ѾԼӽ컨ˡ
ھõµĵ̣Ҳû㹻ȥʵʩȨˡǿƶĻͻǰʷΪֱϽʵκβ˵طǿʱʮΡ
ȱһԪͳҲûĹȺڵķɣĻƣֱ˶أַչȻȻԣܸ档


ڶʮһ ȡ㵺ϣ
ҲԪ֮ǧӸı¾ơ
ƽ֚㹻ɸþݡ½ضרעַëң˲͸ܵѹ
Ĺˮ·㵺֮£ϣȴֲʧΪ֡
һɹĻ൱ëҵĺΧһ۵Ķӣܹȡóǿΰ滨ѳɱͶ롣
ڿƺûʧܵɡ
С紨˷ֱɽɽëԪֱ࣬㵺ƽּҵľߴǧϣԹѵڻҪĻȡʤʵڲߡ
Ҳðա
һսܵĻǾͲֹܷ㵺ǵ⣬Ǽ￤ɽǻزصסˣ
ǵѡ
ն棬ϲ㵱ȻչԾȡ
֪ëԪĲã˽оǷֱѡ˲ͬĵ·
Ԫǰ˶ԲȹӸ˾ΧˣȻֻرᦹȡǣ˰գʹü￤ɽǵıﵽӽƺȽ㵺ϧɽ
С紨¡ѡͨβ˵ҵСг͵ת͵ƽ֚ǰõĻӦȴǣëȫн棬һ֮ơ
ûиκģɻˮĻᡣ
ԴС紨¡òһжѾȡ˱ͷ˵ȨŵԼȥ
ƽ֚˸ڽĻëұšܷաʯһнɽҪĿ飬պ˰
Ȼ󡭡ûȻˡ
ǾҪΪûȻ󡱸ۡ
ڵ˭ÿսĽ
׵壬ëҼر֮㵺ͼغ̲֮أƻǵļƻǧĹΪڳҲԪȱʸ˧дһϺҲ̩ڼ豱Ĵľ㳤᪵ʮӴ汣Ǽ˵ݴͬ
ѡϿƺԴ·硣ν˲˲ãȻƵϣȻ󻻽οҲûʲôʵѡ
ƽ֚սдһָӣҲ̩ľ㳤ʮӴ汣Ϊ䷡
ȻǿˣһҪǰأַݴ͵ЧڶҪƺȨƣˮϵĴֻЭͬˡ֮ǽ·ʲôջ󶼲Ҫ뿪̲½յ֮ơ
ڷҹϮάּ֮ľûҪˡдһϱķһ㣬ЩϸڷȴǱȳҪ渺ġȻڱ·磬ۺ־߱һƣôĺôǣʧҲֻСڱҰܡ
㵺ߣë˵꣬ƽּ˵ȴֻǴҪģǣƵʡ
̴Ӯ˹ȻãƽСҲȻܡ
һսϣԪɽ֮Ӹ˾벮ѹȻһᣬϷƽּҵֱΧȡǡرԼǧëҴ󽫼졣
ʵϣȡǵĹսѾһʱˡ
ƽ֚ƽ֮ǰݺŵзĲбܽӴܣȻٻʦϡ
Щ˵Ȼϣõëҵӻպ˼塣
˵ǼȻвͶӦòҲģŨϡͶԽɼȡؽͷʮѣжЩں֮սʮޣֻͽȻ˷ݣҳҲɣ֪Ƿϸǽţһɲ룬վڳⲻߵľùк
бܽͶ·ֻɢ
ƽֻܸ֚пнϵȻͳƽӹĵΧǰ취һס
Ӹ˾ȴٲȻͬˡ
Ӽҵųơʮһ̫ءȻֻǴƶûʵļȨͳΣеӰȴڹС
֪ȡǼҾܾܱǣëµ֮ºɽʢΪ˷ܡ
ӼҵĴ죬ԭø١Ԫͨ꾮ȾһȥЩܵˣʮձ;ĩ·׷ߡ
ͬʱƽ֚룬ЩӼҳݡ˵ݡȥ
Դƽ֚һʱû̫ס
ΪЩǽͷǽڲٶȱȫԼ۱ȼ͵ѡӼҸողиͷôܰ޵ַȥأ
ɽʢȴгش˵ԴˣʣȡУǧرԱΣ
ƽ֚㵱Ȼ֪˵ԼëһǧʿʣµĶǸ˺ٵ֣д崺ɭ¼;Ϊס
ȻˡɽʢЦ֪Ӽ¼Ⱥ棬ÿһȡڵرʵݡܾǹرִ棬ʵϸѪԵĹϵսҲһ
ƽ֚ŻȻԭˣЩϣ߽رʿڹ˴ΪߣƽûһСӼȴͬ
ԴˡղŻӵɽʢƽ֚Ժڲ֪ӦֻĨźε˼Ĭڶг
ƽ֚ʱֻɫİ˵ܰļƻȡǣұ֤һ黹ӼС
ɽʢ˫ĿжʱĹߵ°ݵȻˣǰлԴ˵ĺ


ڶʮ ȡ㵺£
ᦡǡְ֮һɽҵʷǳƾãʢʱһжֱʮһػְۣռݷɣʮ֮һ֮һ
ʱķչͬĸ߼һûɴػսתǰžȨһ𵭳ʷ̨
ƬϵǣȺܵӡáëӰ죬ûһҳվ˽ŸǵĺķʽʵΪʵ۳ܵζ
Ȼ󣬼ˣִҪмȨƽ֚ˣΪܻӭĴ
ǣⲢζŶëҵҳϡ
ȡؽëҵļңǸ֪ˣܾЩս̬ȶɵں֮ڽǱ
ӾϽȻ޿ɺǣ۷ɾǴʧˡ
ֻǰǿвǿȡůëˣɲڼָʹİ
ɽʢ֪һĵˣ΢̬Ӽҵչ˵ж
廹ͦõġ
˺嶼һ״̬öóȻϥǺѿܶܲԸܵ顣
Ȼƽ֚ѾٲȻ˵ͷˣƺǸİĴ൱һ˲ΪȻɰմͳǡֱشջֻ򱻴ţſϷ䡣
ӼҾͲһ
˼Һü֮ǰǡһ̫ءˣԨԴʮϡ
ôھͿ˵ҵ汲汲УΪ˹ԺӾã¹ԺãЧҹΪٴγΪӼҳ˳ˮۣȻ顣
̨׿ߣͺˡ
ơĻڿͨ͸񷨵˿ֱĵ֮١Ȼھԣá
ȡɽ·Ϊ㣬ʮɡëҵļҽһǧҵֱֻشӴŵ߾Щˣطȫɹġ
ɽʢӵȥԽӴ
˵ǰΡ
һ׼˺ü죬˵һЩɮ£źҹڻ͵͵һСֽƬ
ڶγڵɳһܸɵʿ˵طá
ɽʢð˷գװһ۵ĴˣڡǡĽӦ¹˳⡣
ĴξֵڵĹڣҲѡ˵ϻˣؽĸȻӸ˾´ǣ
ǸݣɽʢżӴﵽţݣȻҡڵ߽ȥ
ˣƽ֚ʾ˵ڵǴн֮⣬ҲʲôȨ֮࣬Ըַȵֻᦡļһ㹻ĵزˡ
ǰҪ˸ۿۡ
˹ڵҪԭƽ֚ǲӦġȡǱΧ֮µˣûҪԵͷЭ
ۿҪƽҲһζֻ¿ӡ󣬱Ҫֶβɻȱ
ǡڳ֮¹ϡƽ֚ǿܣŵ˵Ͷҷëҵؽǵ
ȥûյ
ƽ֚ĿҪ꣬ʽ͹
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ȻѾ޷ȡϵˡ
ȻҲע⣬ƽ֪֚ʿ
Ҽνӵ֮ɻ˵ںڻսӦð˭ô֪ǵأ
ƽ֚ЦԻǽȥȻ֪
Ȼʿը˳ţ룬⵽սһĹһֳѾ
ʱյļսɡڵ壬ǽڵҪ֮޲ʬɽѪ
ֻ౾軹ŻȴһƬȼյĻ渲ǡ
нƺȥԷˣ
ºѯҴߣ֪ʼĩ
ԭëҵļҲǶĿٶ۵ˣ˺ͨУûץƾʵȴѲ˿
ƽ֚Ӧŵһ죬崫Ѿ֪ڲȣ׷ΣǳϿҵ˾ţλëңԭδ㹻ľܹ֮꣬ͬ˼ƽִδȴѾˡԭҹѣޣսֲֹۣ˱־һ˵׼Իȡ˵δǰ̣ʲôǣȡɣ
ºǲ¶ǹ·ֻ֪һЩѾ⵹Ĺڣ֮ͷ»ָˡĶ־
ǾͲ֡Ͷ˲ĳͻ
һЭĳͻ
̶˫ڶ
Ҽ֪سѾûϣʿǡԾڱݻ
֮󣬳֮¹ɽʢ൱𶯣Ȼ˵ؽʿеĿģ˫ʿΪУᵱ֮Ϊ
ƽ֚ĶдطԸ˵սԱϷ£صͻɽʢͼżɵ־ͽСȡʿ֮ġ
Ƿ棬ӴƽִԴػƽĸ֣ԼëԪ翹ʹͿ̿ǾڲеģҪԸ
ȻЩŵأ󲿷ֲûˣΪծȨ˾˴սУʣµҲвٸеܴԸԶ¿ʼһ
ǿϲɺء
սƽӸ˾ԵĲػԪлʽμƽ֚ˡ
ֵøأþͳչ¶ȱǻ۵һ档ЩɽʢʮֻԾ˷á
˵ʱǳһĴмֵȻõ˲һµĽȫɽˮŵ̲СÿǲʮʯҵǼޡ
ƽ֚һ·ʤǰУԽȡǣʯǣ
˹㵺սߵϢ
дһĵܵǰ˵ιս߶أƽһǰùµסء
ëԪ뼪ԪѾأӦûٴν
Ҳ˵ԼС㵺ǡǳǰ;ҵˡ
˫ϲš
ΨһȱǣһȱͻƣرÿûҪסĵӡȴȫսˡ
һߣʧȥ׷ͺڷˣȻ̾
Ҫڣԭ֦ҶïĴ壬ڽ֧棬һȻõ˶Ҳˡ
ʮӴ汣ϣѾáլʮͳһһңμ
ÿأݺ᲻ѣȻ˲ͬƽ֚͸ӹ̳Сá֮


ڶʮ ëƳϣ
ƽֱ֚ɽԸëһǧƼϹ˺ں֮ڣȫʤȫ֮С
ͬʱ壬һҰ˼ǧڷĳšܷɱӣƻֺ
ս߾ͲҪӦзԶԶûô˳ˡ
Ź¡լſͨҪС紨¡伪šǰ߱ռţʳ㣬ݴͣռݵһٲǸԾʤֻܼš
ˮڸӣС岼ҿڴԲսģûôͲ򿪾档
ƽ֚һǡŬ֮⣬Ҳûʲôġ
㵺ĹдһָӣһսȻԾصסȴ൱أ䡣
ÿʧȥ˵Ӻ͵ƽּɸк̳м֪ͷӦʡʮӴ汣дŸʶǳҰʾе뷨õôʷǳίȰź
úùҪˣг֮¹㹦нϰǵȲ𣿻йɫ㻨ò𣿶û˵
̵һ֣ǳҰ˵ίˡ
㵺սУƽ֚ص˧дһϣʹ챱ڽкľ㳤ʵʱֻԾҲ̩Ԫլˡ
еɽҳͨƣɳʱþֶβܿˣվñƣʦ֮⵽ϮǱ˻رǰʧȥ˽
Ȼϲֱҡľءţ಻Ťתơ
˳˴ĳԻˮΡ
ԭëҷֲ׿ƱУиǿҳʯ䣬ʯиӽˮ壬ˮξˮ̣峤˵ϣԼҲǸ峤
ǿһʱױϲֱҰɱ±зģңʯҲڷˮȴڴ˹ӮС紨¡ӣȻӭٵãƸαйڵͷ
λǸسĳ̶ȡ
һδȫѲġ峤ΪλȨصġس֪֮𡰹ʿ֮˵
ˮҲûԲһ˵ؾϵĵˣȡʤȡ׼ǧס˱Узͷ
ëҶϾֻؽݱ
Ȼݱת֣ôһʿȼü֮
ƽ֚޷ɽ֮·ֱӽƣӸ˾ԪȥԼžǰʰ档
ѶҳͨǰΪս
ƽ֚㰲ο˵ڽ飨Ϊ͢ʽλЧҼʮؾҵҵѫ㣬һʱ֮𣿡
ƽϣֻ֪ܺ¡
Ǽܵһѡ
ϲֱңƽ֚˵¾ɽ߳ƣѵû˵ˮεΪд
áǰıʥֻԳв㣬ʡӢźҲС紨ʶ֮ȷʵʤҡ˴ǰͼԶᶨؾ֮⣬е˹ִʶʱ񣬱Ϊޣδǣǲˡ
Ƶϲֱǰ˵ⷬƽ֚㷽ѣȴֶԱȻλպսҪר־͵סӣвΪ¼ͷ˾裬˿ɳ֮
Ȼľص˵ǣʵڲ٣ҿܹƣˣҪúϢһ֮һһڣҪڽˣ
˲ô뷨ϽֻΨΨŵŵ
̴úõĻѫҪԼֱֻӴűòãҪֱ򲻻̫ܵ׷
ƽ֚ʵбб
Ȼ֮ҲԵĲԽĴ϶Խ׽ʱͶĳַǶȹ
֮ôΪͷȡĲôҪˣڲȶǺ⡣˵ĻɻܵӰ죬ǡǲϣ̫ڻʱ̡
ı˵ϲֱһɫıΣҪһ̬¿õĴǰʵѾֻͨϸż⣬ʱ֪ʲô
з꣬ΣʵС
ЭϿڲ³Թͻ̫ˣ۶ô⽻ҲܵڣϲֱҸëԪ֮ĸ־ʤȻΪѣҲֻᱻթˡ
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Ϊ˰γӣзһƴȫ
ôΧԮĺûᡣ
ȡǵĹ֮ƽ֚к֧ܶԮ㵺սߣëڼ￤ɽǵѾΨһˡ
յڴ˴
ƽ֚ץʱ䣬Χ˼·
ɽɽʢԪǣɽҳͨŹǼʩѹڹҲҪǣáıԱͶ·ת㵺
ֻƳֹֻͣ㵺ǺԸ͵Ƴ͡ëҲڵ·ߡ
ƽ֚Դ˷ǳģҳ˱ʾ
Ȼ漴Ԥ΢΢Щƫ
ëȷʵˣԭ򲢲ƽ֚һ


ڶʮ ëƳУ
ëҽнˣټڶɵһУԻΰչڰס֡
ʦƻģʦʷݾս֮е¸صʦϣҵ󣬺ӡ
ƽ֚ϳڡƽڼһžԶ̬֮Լȴ󶼹ڵ棬Ҫһ飬رټһƽϵϵ
ӻϿɮ½顱͡򡱣ϰ߱롰ΪѧϮԿʴȣȨķʽȽί񣬸涼ӽеġõ֮ˡ
ëҵУΪ»ˡͷؾɮۣ˳صķ飬첻߽òʮףĿûпӣ˿Ρ
ƵɷǣüĿֹˮ
ܺͶʿ󲿷ֲ̫ʶһĵв٣ԷӭӣһкǼҡ
ɼٲָ߸ϣȨƸͨͽɮ¡
ƽ֚Ҳ˸ˣǰԽӴ˴ˡ
ΪʲôϾڰڼӡ
ëǰ»һĴʲô֪İè˵ȷʵǲСˡ
ǻߡ
ƽ֚С紨¡Գëȷʵɥʧ˵ֿĶ־δ⡣
ԾܾԽӼ
ȴ˵»ǰ߼棬̸£ȴʲôɽݡʦ⡱ƿˮͥǰӡͶ֮Ļ
ȻӶЦ
ǴһڵĻ棬ֺֻ˵һѲű߼ʵĵʣ˰Ҳȴʵӡ
ܺõػ˶Ծֵա
ڱʱѧʵ˻ǺܺģӴе棬󲿷ֵĴҵҲĿĳġż˵εͬУྯӵΪ⣬Ϊ֪ĳ嶯
ٲöթƣѵݣһЩ̫صϢ
ǰֱ̹ԣ˵ƽִڹ㵺ǣΪ˱ëͶֻҪͶƻǲȡ
»ԳСɡ͸¶˼￤ɽǵĹǣǰܵѹԴ
Ǳǡţܷĺ
һ֮ǰƽ֚·ΧëңᦡС㵺ĵñ⻹һҰƫʦ𶯶ӣƵ˷ĵطȥɱӣƻ
ǳڳԶǶȿǣΪƻԷδսǱжġ
˳ԤϵЧ
ڳšܷĹ˺壬õ￤ɽǼӦǼҳڣսɳҲûʲôñԹġ
Щ˽֪Լս֮ʱȴ⵽صݱطݱղ٣Ů⵽°ɱ޷ˡ
ǰս𲨼޷ģҲԽܡȻҰ֧רųŸƻĿƺݶ޷
Ƿ׷ëԪϣܽ顣
ǳߣǸϽֹͣսԣֻҪãȻǰߣʵû취ĻҲѡ
šܷĵͷǣûһԪϴȻ̵ΪϰߣδתΧƴְҵʿЩֻҪëҵı۸˰ҪڲǿԶµġӦǾͲ̫ڼ￤ɽְȡλ
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ȻҲ޿ɺǡ
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Ը⣬߲ܱ֪صȶɿôΥԼȣҳгɱѣᱻΥ˴ͳ
֯ųիټʱһֱʤ룬ʼռְսƽԷſڣŨʿܵӰ죬իֳٳûСȷ˵ȡʩ˷׷׵ꡣ
ƽ֚㱾ǾЩģʱ䳤ȴˡ
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û뵽ëʮػʯĺܣϵɢúܣȫǲӡ
ϸ룬Ϊʹ⽻ͼֶΣŵ¼Ȩ̶ȵ£ΪȨ̶ȵ£Ųòʹ⽻ͼֶأ
˵ıëԪ֮Ȱ˵󱲡Ѿ㹻οȹ鹣Ҫִ£֮ĻǷǰԤϵڲŽЩأ
˵塣
ۺⱲӺϱ֪飬ƽ֚ΪӰ»еõϢǺŵġ
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һǰԸ»̸ϸ⣬ּۻۣʱ䡣һӴɱƺӵȡ˳šܷ֮⣬϶ʯϮš
ȻûãЧͼӰ»յ󷽵żԡƶɮΪɸǡС紨¡Գƽ֚ǰ


ڶʮ ëƳ£
С紨¡ȥǸʱ򣬽еˡͷϵĴڣµĲģȫྮȻһȾ˿ܿԶУ۳Ͷٵļ
ķɫܰףòͨͨʰúƺûо̫ĥʸµİ̺ۣŹ˵
֮ܶǸɽˮʿƽʱڱ绨ѩ¸ƽѬճĸžɹ
û黪겻ʳ˼̻ԶС
ȷ˵ӦΪһֽԵĻ£ȴȾǹʵĹԱ
ںĵϷ֮УС紨¡⽻ˮõߵۡʵˮǶȣĹ׸ʤԼ£˴伪սΡ
⽻һ;ȷʵ׿нܳϡ
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ƤӴ죬ʵԱҲġ
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ƽ֚ź룬ŶԷ˺һʲôҲ˵ưɫ˫Ŀûһ˿ÿ֮⡣
ȻȻӦҪȴò
ÿȴǲΪ⣬ݵػʩ
С紨¡ڴ˲μƽִԡ
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˲Ϲ̵ĺͣǵ³͢ѫλսʧȥֵԭڡƽ֚һʹرĿҡͷպһҪԴʵԼС
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Сƽ֚δɿɲ棺ĳҲң·ϣܵϮɥ飬Ҳ˷ŭ
С紨¡ߵ׵һϼ֣صҪ󣬷ԸǱֳǸĳҪóҲ⣡
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ôҪлҲڵĿˣС紨¡Ļֻϲã˿ί˼ĻëҾ͸ӦչֳˣǰűʾǸģ
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ʱ㣬ëҾνܽҲӦǺǿĲŶԣ̬ӦǿӲһЩôһ˵ӵģ
ԭҪһȭ޻Ƶġ
û˼гʼĺĻˡ
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ǴԵʴȡС紨¡ڻ̧ͷ¶ƽݵӣëҶԴ˸ġ˲ɡ
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ʮֺϺС紨¡Ȼɫ䣺˽ǰʵʵӴԵİţ˿ּۻ۵̬
𣿡ƽ֚üëǻЦô˵ʲôëҶ𣿡
˻һ·Ȼ̣ձý
С紨¡̧ͷһۣٴηݵȥڽһ˵˷񶨵ĻѾ׼ζܡͷǷܣʵ˵Ҳ̫
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ԭӵ˲ʵʵƽ֚¶֮ɫô̸ʲô壿ȥսɣ
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ԭʷϣԼҡꡢճ⡢ͳȵȣϵжԵϳʿյʧܣĻˡҳӡıǩһֱ÷
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ذһӥ˾ҵĵϵԱׯÿ첢涨ڵһԾжλ𹫷ߡһͲһγ¢Ͼ档
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ţǣ಩½ˣƽ֚ͷȴżЦݣһҾ;װơɫ
Ͼ̫˵ôһѾе֧ҪͷؿǿţȻǣǰ󳼾ТδңҲûκã˾ƺ֪ͯذ׵Ļ֮λƱַǹ֮
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Ƕ˥࣬Ѿƽ֚пյеܲˡΪƽ͡ӭؽǰáɶģһʽʵڲи⡣
ֲҪʲôֻǶԱһӸ߼ӵܹȥѣȫСһ׮ҳݡ͢ʲôȱΨгзӻعʣ


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ڴ󳼺ظԺҵСŮ޵˾ҡ
Ȼְϻ磬Тʽ³Ϊذףɳ͢ҪĻ
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˵ɾϴˢһս֮裬ɽǵʱ


ʮ ɼҵ
ϸɼǫŲ˵ǡʹŻѪͼ϶ѣĴѾʲôˣƽ֚Զ֮ʱ˵˺ü顣
Խ֪֮Ȼûж֮ưţȥҲû֮죬ɽǾͷ˴ҡ
ɼʤ˺ݻ࣬ȡիٳšR١·ﳤصЧңһʱռ˱Ľ֣ȡôƽɽֹȽ֧׷ױʾ֧֡
츸ĸĵܾܵҲǵ֮µҡׯ١׸֮ھٱ£⣬ͼ׽ǰιضɼվһߡ
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һɽƸߵ㣬һɽŵ·ڣ˭Ҳκβ˭뽩֣Ȼ󶼸Ͻ˵ȥѰ֧֡
Խôҳһ࣬˲佣ţսһ
ɼʤǫŵѪԵϵƣ׻óβҾɳӵӵɼϹ飬ڷ״²ϴ
˫ǴԵȡ
û죬شƫԶ׺սﱱ볡Ҵ֧־ʤʹƽ⡣
ﱱڵľӸոտɽǣϢ˵ɼ͵Сԭǣ籱
Һ֧־ģǵʵҲӹɵģ˴׼װ档һϵ«µܱҪһ̬
Щ²ؼĵȻֻźսܵɱģҲ㹻ˡ
աϰ˷ֱɽǡγǰԽ
ɼʤҵֻЩ귴ĹضӻڴݺĿǣǵǿϰæؽڹŭͬսǣס֧ơ
ϰûܵʲô谭ǧԽgԽ󣬹Ϊͷ
ľƶڱҶֻһ֧ƫʦ֮Խ˵ȫǾԵˡ
ɼ֪Ԯ֮ϲȮʩչĴɽǼķʱ䣬ɼסݳŻȵ롰ˡ֮һɱȥ
ɼʤʱ򣬾ĿΨһѵģֻʣ±ǫΪȫԹ֮ĳˡ

ʱ䣬ڱ½ԽСܵǡӺظġɼɡԣĩաĴ˵͵ˣƤ֮ëɸ
ƽϴǰΧˣǵǱģȫ֪ô졣
ݳǹԹѵڣص˶ã
ɽӣʧȥԮϣҳǳŵȥ
ɴ೷Խ󣿽ʱ֧־ʤǾ
ɥʧ˶־ĵˣ½սݣڹΣɨ߼ҹڡʱҲǻõģǸԸһأƽգпܱסһ
ʣ¼ʵڹƫԶ˲ʰﳤͬʤ˹ͬ򶫽۱򣬽ձԽɽǣϴˢȥҰܵĳ衣
˷ϲ¾ˬﳤ˲л⣬ÿ춼ܶԼ׷
һɼδƽԽСԽ߾Ż֮ʱȻյ˵зɮ´顣
һȻɼʤǼһﶥסѹƽּ֧Ԯˣ
һӡ󣬾νǲͶҽ
ϸĶԷ˵ǣȴ־һζİ󣬷һе߼
ɴ˴δ䣬ɼ˿ֿƽڸĵֻɸɫǰԽΪȡɽ֮ͨ·ཫ׶Ͼ˶«ϡϲǿ¾ͲĶ⣬гĺ֮ġ˵֮ƣб䡣
ⷬﳤΪԥͣ±棬ǲ˿ӱޣؾ档
ʮպϢƽ֚Ѿٱǰӣָӹض֮£ʤ´ҿ֯ҵС
⽫ر½ǰԽȫ̸ɼҵĴ
жСгǰվ
ǷɼʤǼν
׳ƽһΪǡڸ˱ʾϣòšƽּԺȪΪģҵ鲼ܣÿɼһ㻨Ǯʲô
ԽСܵȫȫǿЦѾ౻½ŴˣҲͲһǶѣõŸѾزסĵ̵ȥǰ˵ɵӣ
ƳЧǴΪʡһ㵹Щֵ˵Ǹ˻ⲻǱȻ𣿲ǷϻƳϣƽּôܰæôܳĵλ
Сг˱ƳЧǴΪʡ֮⣬
һɼβҪ뿪Ժ̳ɼŵһҪȥһͷŵݴһֻܲáβ֡
ؽתİţҺúִǨƻκСԽ֮ڱ½ϵҪ壬ϵش󣬽вá
ҪɼʤӦԺǳβʤӭȢƽּ״ҳ֮ŮΪҡȷʾڸὫΪŮֻԼҳ֮Ůݳޡ


ʮһ ӵȪ
Ȫʲôģǲ
׵ҹƽ֚ͷɢһ˿ңˮֻ¶һԴűʯͷǿգ˼ѧĵܸܴӴ󺣵ķķ磬ٿҲûζͷ档
ʱֵģ򲢲ȣرǵϸʿɽİ֮󣬸ܾȫͬ＾һˬˣԿԻѩ
ԷǳʺȪ
ǰ񴨼õĽ֮أͬӹһˡ
ƽ֚սɳ˲ٵǹˣûرϸػָãһЩ֢ÿÿʱڱͷ飬ʹܲˬ
ھȪƷķȥ룬ֱγԣžǰʵڴź
Ӧúúһ·ɣйЩ֪γǣжôԼ
ԽʮͣһǱʱչߵĵ֮ϣʳסеܣҲδܳβҵСͥΨжռһ޷еȻԴžòˡ
Ȫʱ򣬾ͿôʿõĵصΧסɽռ֤Բǧ֮ڶûв֮ʹš
ڶʮһͣҪ򸻺Ҳһ㡣
ʲôݳĿأҪȻԺԴˡ
˼һӣȻľ
׿ȥǾֱſɵĴԡ£һľ˹Ȼڵأɢͷ£󣬰ʳһһǰ
ϵƣ÷ӹͬ¿Ȼܷŵ±أȣƢζʲ㣬޴ȡ⣬ϵҺۣ΢ըһ̳Ƥִ㣬ȴŴĿڸС
ƷмС˺ͽ֭ûô鷳ԭϡζǻҲݲ˿ġ
ǷɣĴͳȣƽڸԽ֮ȻóʦʵԴ˲ס
ǰաͯΡˣ²˵ǰһֱ˵ʵָ֯ųҺޣڸģõĹǰǸǡڹ֮ºؤ⻰ϸТ˽Ϊƽϵ֯Ĳࡱƹȥ
ˮƽ֚ŵ÷ƻϣȴζʳָ󶯣ȥãȴСģֱϡ
Ϸ޵ģҲں
û뵽ֱ紥㽫ȥϽǿ򶨵£Ϊҵıʣ벻ҪСӰĶˡ
ôһ˵ƽ֚뵽£Цָǿˮ𣿲˲ˣһ㶼ûоŵӣ
ٺòˡֱͷȥסɫȽʿԵɽ𺣶ҪӦԣοֻǱˮأûʲôΣԡȤȥļ檡
šƽ֚ںӦȻҡͷԲԣô򶨵ĻղžͲᷴӦôˡǽǿٺ١
ûУֻǾ̫鷳ˣֱתȥֻһϴɹŮǹҲడ
ѾʮֱҲǲ࣬ڱʱ׵Ľķ롣һӵ粻ˣŮӵջᱻ´ݲеĿӡʳĹ˿˥ǿһЩʱ˶ǷǳЧ
ǰŮԱӰƺͬʮǰһͦ޳΢һЩ˸С
ߺߣ˼סǽ
ƽ֚˵žͺε¶ħЦݣֻ֮֡
ǣ̫˰
ʿȻţľ˫ȴʵһûŲ
ʱ
ϣĸϣ
ı߹һŽŵСкǾҪ̵񴨼ңӳпػ֮λ÷衣
ꡣ
ֱѸײڶ֮߿ϱһ½úʧȻһָµӡ
ƽ֚㵹ǲţͷɢˮȻκκۼ
Ϊγ̫죬ǰհԵĿǣ÷ԡ²ü΢Դһ㣬ϿСӹðһʮֿɰ
˵ɽϾߣСˤ
ֱޱƽطָʾ
÷򣬵˵۾Ȼվֱˣ˹һ߹ǳׯأӵеŵ
λ衱
ƽ֚㵹ֻЦеһƣ˵ôôȥϢʲôҪ˵𣿡
ڳ˵ճĶŮ˵Ǳʱº͵ġȸˡ
̬ȵУԼŲɵȨԡ
ǵġ÷֣صߵǰ°ʩȻϴˣĸϴˣ˵ǣҵ裬һֱұֵúȣߺʳҲ֪ϴǴδҵģд˵ĸϴ˲κ˵ˡ
ֱ̳΢ı飬˵һ䣺˼Һһ˵ôĸôҼĸ׿ɲ⻰ԱߵĸӶԵˡ
Ǹӣƽ̲֚סĴָ̾ȷʵƳϲΪáû뵽һС˵ЩʲôĻ𣿡
š÷СԴһȻ̫ŵػش˵񣬺ȽϹıҵ飿оҿ뾡֪ϴԱҵ̬ȣȻͿռȻʲôİɡ
Ǹӡƽ֚סû˵ڡ
뵽һЩĶ
÷ڵӣͬǧ裬Ҳƽ⣬˿ĳЩһЩܺѾܲĺˡ
ңǧһֱ֮ı·ǳϡƽӹһͨͷµʿϲϡ
÷ȴͬ巢Ҳ˳ǳƽߵˮƽʵսЧֻ˵ϵȡ
Һã꣬ʱǱڵΣԴ󽵵͡
ƽ֚ҡҡͷӣЦ˵Ҳί߲ӣõʱˡԺСʣͿȷǡ׿˵ģģһ֮ǰĻͬҳӣκλתأ˵û㣬ҲҵǸ԰ɣ
ǣΪһСӣ÷һԸ˵ͷ
ֱԼ£²Ӧùôʽ֮ǰȸС˵أ
ƽ֚žƱһڣȻʽ˵ȴСϢȥԷĴңŬʱ䣬Ҳܺ𣿡
ǡֱҪ˵ʲôȴһʱôǡ
ƽ֚Ѿʼ»⣬һָϱߣļǰ
ֱ̾һҲȥ£ָȥüƬ̣漴Цţɡ֯ŮȵǡʲôļǣǵºȻĴʰɣ
ʵǺɣҵġ
ʲô뿪֮³𣿡
ǵĵҲ
ߣҲҪͺӵ˵


ʮ ǿȸ
ƽԽǳԽǰӺضԽУﳤסʤ˻ϣƹǧңԽŻ֮£׼ʱԼȡʵԡ
ɽСʶʱ񣬾Ͱ߱ʶãǾͬһʰ
ӱϽ
֮ǰ̬˵μԦӴľӣΨԼ鲻㵼·ϣѡһЩ޽Ϊ֡
ΪԼҺӣҪȻûʲôòͬġ
û뵽õ֮󣬾ȻѲͷһ棬ͼΣʷѾˮ˾Ӷߵˡ
ԴЩȣҲ̫ġ
֯չ黹᪸ͦأβľɺۼ˾ñŤʹ޷Ҳüڲزǡ
ƺŲһĴ˼·
ĽǶȣδųǿƿĴڡ
ƽϣΪ֮ᣬʱЧͬԴϵ˹ңǲ֯µֱ湲̷ͬңʼûн¾ϵ
ֶ˫ϵո½ѾھпˣһСֱǣŶƵĹ۵㡣
ӦǾ仰һʷǵʷ
˵ȥĳŵҲûջƽֻۣ֚ǰ΢ʹһίĳЩ˶Ծ֯ϵӰ챨Ծġ
Ȼյ֮ˡĻر˵ⳣﳤסСгһ桢ιͬ£ںߵӲǰ߲١
˚ĬãһЩ΢֮ȴ֪㷢
ҳǶΨֱ˽
Է֮˼Ƭ̣ʵʱգ񴨡ѵʲô˼Ҽҵİҵʲô𣿡
㲻˼ҡҡͷǵڣǶûʲôǮֶǴˣľ浱Ȼֻׯңôȥĵطע
ֱ׷ʣǵڵʲôأ
ͷ˼һԼ
״ֱһð˵òԣ𷣡
Ԛݸ̬˵޷
ֱһݣ߿ɿĸɹȥģȻᣬͬİ鵱ҲǴӼҳѡġЩ˶ڵµ֮С񴨡еˣڹԹϵԶ׽УԸЧϾ귢ͻʱǸӣظʲô
ü˵ҸеԭǶԼӵĿ𣿡
ֱڵزԣȻĬˡ
ʶۼŭһҡҡͷѵû˵滰ȷʵٹʮꡭʮ꣬ʼҪȥģҪ
ֱ̧ͷȻ鲻õĻҲ㷢һӻῪһЩΪʲôҪǿأйҲŮӵΡϵĻ
Цҡͷֻ߲ŻŭйԼŮ˺ͺϡˣгԣù
ⷢʩ
ûãĸֽýҳǰֽʡ
ƽ֚㾶ֱ֪ͨȥ鲻ҪҸһ٣ӽ쿪ʼϱҵԴˡСԭĿˣԺֻԳƵ֣Ƿʸţ۸ϵĴ

ھۼڿӹܱߵģƽּ챾һǧˮھǧعҳԱũǧĹһǧһǧǧܼƳʮľƴڡ
ķӦһҡڲˡ
һڷԱҪʮϣʮԣȫָص㼯ϴɷ˵˴Ӻͷ׼
һ棬ȴǲ岿Խѩիͣ˵ʲô˿Կ֮⣬´С䡱֮Ļ
ƽ֚Ҳ÷ֱ棬ֻ³һǰ
ʮСԭ֧飬ȴǱĵܵϹ棬ˡ
ˡͻ㼲СĻظ
Դ˷ǳ˵ѵܳ˳ȻҪ̬ȣôҲ
Ϲ浱ŵսսٴ𡣱ѹѮǼ棬侲𵽣ڸ⣬ɷҼҵǰ
ƽ֚һҧǼģȰλôӣôֻС
еҲȴ˵Ҷĸ棬ʮָӵ飬Ҫʱ䣬֪ڸܷһ
㵱ȥᡣ
ȴϱϹ桢ûƤûŲߣÿչ
Ϲʮĺӣֵ׳ҲûʲôɻְѮߣ׷Ƥ̬ӣʵǲöڿ̡
ƽ֚ͽš鲻áɵɣȻԳƱĴϡ
ɣ·ǱߴϢ˵ɼԸܸļΪβ
ȻˣҲƽûк˱
֮ʲôû˵ĬĬʰŶͻؼˡ
ϹȴǴض㺿һʧʬȥ
պƽ֚յһš
ױдƽΪĺԴȴֻйضһ磬ȴֵһͳ¡ƽڸѧԨ˿ˣ֪ʷƹպڣҪúòһƽ֮жǣǿ֮


ʮ 
ɼʤԸָΪβƽǧ˾Ѿݣѷֺǣֱȡɽȥ׼ɨԽȫҵ
ͬʱָСԭַҲʼչ͡
ǧˣ´ҿʤ֯ҵȣҰ𹥴ԭšȵأȻϽع
ǧˣС紨¡ϲֱҡľصȣ߶ģֱвзĺĵش
ڡĹڹǧɡÿȣ纣ȥܰ뵺ԸҵױɣƵ棬ػս
ˮڴֻһǧңˮˣŹ¡լſͨܣܵذˮ·Ľͨߡ
ƽ֚ǧڿ׼
⽻ϵĶͬ
ʤһֱִ򰲷͸ȡ˻㲻ĺϴΨһ÷־ӿӣ̨ǸֻǸ׽֧ȻԵ˽зֻһ
´ҿǲϵ˳½ңԼɡҰһضӻֻҪõԭά־ԸʱΪƽִʲôøУΪ̫
Ǳߣϲ޳ĪֻǹʾѺò̸æڽϼƽңҶԼǡƽڸĽѾøΪȮް㿹֮⡱ôȻ죬ڴ
ԾһЩ֪ƽ³֮󣬷׷״ģû²ΧƴԽܣͼռɼµĳǳء
«ʢϣǸϺ𾢡
ԵͷΪƽ֪֚պ󽻸ɼʤʱѾβʤȥͷ۾ˡ̸óȻǺã̸ϽĻ˵á
Ĺûֱ˽֣ǳзӡ
ӰЧʣҸ´˽µĻᡣôǿȲ̬ղöء
Ϊͬԭƽ֚ûǿȡĴ󽫾Ĺְڡλڴ󳼼󽫣ظݡ
ִ״̬δȫҴһɴ԰𡢾ݵĴǹһװƣһֱ߱湧˳һ߼ӽʱż沢
ǡƽ֚㲢ԭʷϵķ᳼㼪ôĸ꼱ͣԸ໨һʱ䣬ȺͷһιâĻᡣ
ȼ֮һ̳Żʰ
һ棬ҲǸ´ҿʤӣǿѵõƫԶǰ͢һ磬ԡʹĸо
һʼվҵҵڿҿңһ֮վӣӦñõġ⵵εĴʮʯأǶȫ㲻ʲôͣһ¶Ļͺܲ
б¾вſԲʵļ

ʱıʵʿģءܣԼܡҰҰ½ӵһ֣ģܼԼһٰʮʮʯ֮䡣ͬʱӵСΡСɽٵȸӹԼɼѡµľҲǲòˡ
˫֮ʱʮģҪʮϣʮжս
ȻԱʱս֧ԣܵõĹִ᳹СȻôܲȫãݴ˵ڸؼ˳ʮ˵ĳƣɼȥʮ
֪£ƽ֚㲢ôżЦԻԷ򾫱ӱսƣöԵεϤҵͷ۲ѣơڱں׼¾Ȼļʮֻʳͻ׽⣬ͽӵȴ粽Уֻܷɢذˣ
۶ϣʱвһɵԼɵڤ˼֮ʣµô˼Ҳ
˱෴ڸ˸еˣԭ򾿾ڣ
ʮʯ֧һսˣҼȻжʯҵʵΪʲô֧ʮսأ
˽°ʳǻŶͯ÷衣
ԼĶӵȻĶֿģڵͼϻ˸Ȧؽ͵һֻжʮʯôĹԷΧܳо·̣ں㣬һʿܽҪһǧ˰ԱӦ͹ˡǶʯ㿴ڵıңӹϵҰҪ֮߰ࡣûһϵй滮õıվʮѹжأ
÷ƶǶŵͼ˼
öĸڳˣŶͯ⡣
ԱߵľֱȴȻˡڽ趨ôվԭֻǿʾƸĴ˳ԶԤڰ
ûսĹģԽжԽҪжȡںһ䣬ȻȻŭǰ⸾ˣԭǰô̷ģҹҪúóͽ䣡

Ȼƽ֚ԤϵȻۼ˿ǰǿľƣȴδá
ԼΧСԭΧפȻ쿪ԽΡӵ֧Ǹǧһ򲻵ȵĲӾۼͷ·ʱͣһ㣬ʲôˡ
·ݣҳ˶Ա֮⣬ûзָʾ
ʵ϶ԱѮɣжʮ¡
෻֮ͽЦΪСԭһڽɣϾҶ֪ǱҵɫԲƷ
⵱ȻҲԭ֮һƽ֚ΪҪǣںϽ֮ͨ߱󣬶ԷѾû㹻ĺдģսˣԲŲòơ
ҰʮϵһȥǲôֻҪһ£б߽ˡ
ƽַ֚ʮʯʳʮǮ۷ǧƥޣþķŶӣԼıվӪ顣
ҵȻսе̳һںͼҳȷݶλȨ𻮷֣᳹˼ӼƵľųׯͷ̵Ӱ죬ֱղϵĺڵøܷ෢ȨĻŵִΥ
ȶԺʾڷɣһ˽ͳΣȫ̼ûвֵһҺ䣬ܲΪӪչĸ
ͬʱҲζųڵ污ۣľ߹̣Լĵı
ټ֮ڲ޽ɽҵ
ؼʱ̣޷ѹեڵսǱ
ԹԶĻļҳһӡʿۼСԭǣҪܵӵУӶάֲߡҪиԸʱ˰ֱ㹻ǮΪֹԵۺܾãն뻹Ҫ
ɼǫֻ֮Ҫһ仰СȻºٺ֢һˡ
ټʮʿȴֳֻܷأǵ͵ıҡ


ʮ 
ƽ֚Դ֮УѽϦܵڣпݹǣʵʴ̵Ҳûô򵥡
Կģ߾ΪģӽһֱСɽԼʮ幫ĿȣԭۼаǧҵرΪϴ֧ǣСģΡ
С紨¡ڣԷӦľƣϲȡǿϧһδжٽչ
ϲֱ岻ʣֹڿӣδһߣʣɽʢľءЩǣ֪ˮûϰϣȻĶ־ȱ˵оٴʼȱһı֡
ɽǳǱİϹ棬־ᶨñʱʱѵسߡ
ǰͼȡƽ֚½⵫һڿϵıҪԶԶ߹⽻
ܶԱһĹãСԭǾڿѵĳƤһ㷴Ӧ˴Լһǧ˴ʳеǰ֧ԮͳһϹָӡ
ڵĴʼԽѣδܳɹƽֲ˰ˡԼʾ˶С紨¡ɣߺӦԡ
Ϊƽ֚㲻òǰȪУ챾ǰȶƣҸһͬʵԡڡʽǿƽϢۡ
ų²þƣٴηǲһ¹ȥ
ءʱ䶫ҰսߵҲȽƽûԵ̫
´ҿʤ֯ӵߴǧʱ䣬żɾͷԼһǧо
ָҰҰرıյҲϣȻҰȡӻѹǱ߿ǲĻСʵֻһСӦߡ
ˣšƽɵȻι̣˴ģֱԽĽͨߡ
زֵҰϲ֮лȫ֧ɼҲͼڷӱ˫ȫȴı߹㡣ҲѪԵϵ
˵һĴڣ´֯ٲά裬סҪŻ
ҰǣѵлᷴȡһشҰսʤԭ򲢲жͶá
ػưᦡٳɵĶӱϷǧȷ棬ͻļϣ¾ĴʿսܡѾӵıٳɱƴϸ첲ȸһǰסӣûùضսĻᡣ
սĽνǡʤ
ʤĳ̶ֳϾζطʤ
Ϊ˴ƽ֣ƽ֚ǲһ֧𶯶ӣż쳶ɽԽعڵ·֧಻ܳǧ˶޷Яκ͵Ļձкֽþǧˣסɽ·Ψһڣֳһ򵱹Īƣȫû취ͨС
ȱЭĺھֲսչֳ˷ǳսġء֮
˵ĸǱëӲö࣬Ҳѹôš
Դѹ޵ƺ־棬ûʲôҳȵ֣Ѿëǿ̫ˡֵóǣСԭǳˣ岻֧Ҳܾذչķأ󲿷ƺ֪ȨϵзҪһ˹ʽǿǬٶϡ
Ӹ˵ĲܽƵϸ١Ͽÿһ񶼱ȲëԪôôȫܡȻ˽ԶԶʤ˰ҵĴı
սͬʱ࿭ƽ֚еġʤ֮Ҫ˻ˡ
֪ܵǮҲ֮ʱǴµ׼ġʼղоԽչĻʮ˵ǰ֧Ÿһû⣬˭ұ֤
һɶ˻֮ģҪҡġ
ңԽͰ޷˼λãƽּҵľڸ߸ͽڽʤ
ƽڱ½ϽԽǰܵǡԽ֮оǧˣоʤһĵͷߵ·кﳤסСгңһ桢γıߣбʤ˳«ڵкӦ
ĵˣɼϰʮˣ쵼ܼһǧũˡ
µʱȴ˴Сʮÿβȫ߶ΧһǣԽԽԽԽûġ
һʼݳǻ˶ʮգͲŹըѱϣԱ
໧֮ʱϲƿʼؾڹ˾ͼֲסǶˡ
ɼϰֵܣŲбܽһ·ֻʻصҰ
Ȼƽ󷽷ɱս΢ĵ´ҿʤ֯һϡ
˲ô룬ϽֻԲλ࣬Գˡ
Զڿս֪¹ȻʮϲϸţȴֲһЩ΢ĸ
ԭԽսķҪּоţһķݣǴװ׸ǰߣ۲˵оľ֮ϵԷڣ˺ġΧһ׷֮
һΣϵָӣȡʤ֮ĻϣɹȰ«ʢϡϣǷռԽصҪȴþ̬ϱһַ
ͬʱźУ˵ɼʤһ·֮ϱַǳ壬žҲֵͣƸ񿪶ʹáɼ֡
ʵ՚һҪǿȸ˲飬Ѿ뷨
ֻûϵô졣
ողʮĶĿԼġޱףʼļû¸ҰͣԼⷪнˡ
Ϊ׵ĸܺ΢
һοϾѾʮˣҪúӽӰࡣ
һеƣ˳ɳ̫죬ʮ͸оˡ

ȲôԶ飬ֻǰƽ˴Խ£ҰǴıս֡
աٳɡ߹ͬȴԲͬѪ佫ȷʵ˵ãԽ˵ݵ´֯ĴϲࡢҰסҰأ֤ԼҸ֮زԡ
һǿɾҪɸΪ֮ľˡ
ͬʱĹͽܵˮ·Ƶܰ뵺ƴչ֣ذ
ϴҶ˵ûʲô̫ʧģʼմ򲻹ֻ˵Ӳʵ̫󣬼ҳǶ֧ʮѾˡ
ĵ÷յ㷺ͬ飬ֲ֧λͳԲ㡣
ƣжͷǳ˳ˡ
Ϊڸ˼ף˵ƽͬԴ֧ԨԴ
԰¹ȵ½ʱѾ˴Լɰܹ˺֧֡ɡʮӴ汣ϰ֮йҳжףԱǡǡݵ㣬ȺΪǱĶҡԥûأ֯κֿһ·ܵǧҶϵĵ̲վȽŸ
ǲѴ֮ͱƽ־áǧҶڱҲֻܼز
ƽ£ϱߵסģַǰ;ŹΡ


ʮ ֱı
ʱڽضսϣҲʼ±仯
ߵڡĹšΪͳ̳÷ָλ壬ƽ˰֮󣬼ǰΧӹǧҶϵıֳǺɭɽǡ
䵱ǧҶطǱŮᶨսվǧ֮
²Ƴǡ
ʱϳѮ̨ϮнҡĿڵȻȴΪͣǧΪ·һһй
ɷӦ˲ܣɢ
ֳ֮Χ⡣
ĿżսǧҶһִ£ǰ߾׷
˵Ǳ飬ΪܣԼʸϵĶ£ԡѪҪѩܡ
һˣԪˣѾĹҲһˣȴơƽڸŮģֻظս
ǡñһ׷ֻǲˣҴѾƣ͡ʮӴ汣԰¹㡢㴨֮ǰӭսռϷ硣
Ŀʤܣع̨һ
˫άܡֽܶ߶ŵľ档
ĿġƽڸŮűƴݴʣ档
ʱƽڸ׶ӡǴ⣬ϲѶ
ȻôȽϲƽΪ˼кﳤסСгһ桢Ρֱȵ˰æ
ҰٵȻȽϼ̵ķߣɼʤˡñ˵ļҳͰڼǰȥԱ߹㡱İ취
õƽҽչ˳
߹չʾΪηȴ⵽̫ԭ򡪡һͰڼļδ󵹸꣬ԼĴӡӷֱǰСԭǵıԼǰָӹٱȷˡΪżƣֻΪУ޷ٲս˼ʽģתǹڡ
˲Ϣ䣬˳Ϧ˭֪ѻ᲻ʱ任ʱѾʿˡ
Ұ˳ϵĺ嶼Ӱ¸ı
ѪǣֻʣͨصŻɽǻڱ
ΪƽɼʤͰڼлͷʾվϹڼҸһᾡΪ±סֶ
ȤǣʱҰġӻ鷳
ҪΪʷƾõһڵˣԺûʲô̫⣬ڴָı롰СԭͬˡŲһꡣ
طأ¶ǵˣͬѾڽǺһŭ֮ʱ۷ͳȱڡ
ḻġػưᦡٳץסᣬΧ䵥ɼдʱ죩ӣʵȴ÷شǰԮأȡôݡ
ϧⷬԾ֣ȴδȡսĻᡣ
ҰȻʧرΣաٰҰȺӻʮ飬ҲõģϾֻǴҪսߡ
Ψһֻʣ£뱱һ۷صԼҺĵΧƺԽǡ̳ǡγߡ
ôҰҰѸٱƽּƽ
ȴĴ׷ǰʽõԭذ¡ĳŵǲᡣ
ǰЩ걻ڱµСɽСͶ˻Ҳ
ƽ˰һ⼸ԭ֮һת⵽ȥ֪Ȱ¿Ʋֵһᣬʵϵǳȹڸ
ȻţظǡȻԭ֮һǾͲת⡣
֮˽̣̾ڸùضһξͰ
ԳϲΪ˵
ںãƽԾԱʤΪȷ棬ȡ̳Ƕȥ´֯ĲγǣɼȾɳ½ȥܣɡʮӴ汣˻ϡ
ʱսƽ֚ȡת
ɽһڴ£ģذǣرʮнˮӢС漴֧𶯶޼ɡ
дһϻ˼ʱεǧԽgϮɽоݵ㣬жСԭǰϵһҪ
ɽرзȴѽһ·塣ƽ֚治ͣؽñϹûа취ȻƵرĵطȥơ
ԴˣķӦȴǣһȫۼСԭǣǰ߲Ԯ
ͬʱ͵ҪֻҪסòˣԼҲԸ⵽ȥƽڸƳ
ʱδҲʵ̫˰ɡ
岿ԽѩիƤӲҵ˻ҵĹϵǿ͵ˣȻתߡ
ɻʣѵȴظ𣿡
岿Խѩիһ£Ц⻹õʲôظڴڸ˴Ӧ޴ϣȻصʮ󣬻һЩ
Ҳɵ̾ԥһϿҵѣ˶ǺУ֮ţ˽֪κδҮʱܿף˰ɣƶɮԸƽڸ
岿ԽѩիΪ֮ȻҡͷƶɮδܹȰ;ֻ֣кڸӢƣҲһ
漴ᶨطСԭǡ
ҽתƽ֚㣬ҶԴ˴ӳޡʾֻҪǵۣͿˣ¼֮
ڱǸȫһЦ֮ᡣ
ۿҰҰܡܡضʧػ߼ʧأرֻģˣȴ˵ʲô㡱ǳ˵Σ
ӡһԸ涼вٽģôͷӱëԪôأ
е˵ô򲻾úˣ
ƽĶۣǰС紨¡û취ƽ֚ĲǡΪֻ쵼ڣʵʲһԾøӸΨа˼Ƥӵ²ſԱ֤ӡ
Ҵ̱Ͳó¡
ȻС紨¡Ȼҵ˷ӱĿռ䡣ɽؽϹȻһڳʱȴȥӵʣ뵱˹ϵĲʱһЩųߡ
Ѿ˵Ⱦ£ӵĽ˵ͣǷأ


ʮ ı
괺ĩʼⳡַսԲߵݶۣؽΪһȫǼ껪ʽʷϷǡ
ڱաϹ桢ٳɵ˵ķսضصĺ¶еͷ޲ߵ˼ǶһЩӡ
Һƽ֚㹻ĺԴͬʱάսߵĹƣܻñ˴ʧ׽⡣
Ͼ佫ǣмˢӵ˽ܣǽ״̬ʼӳԵ汾
ʤǲ¼ҳʹ˷ƣγǳϰǶնɱ֮żظܵΣգӳͶؾһаţͳǷıڡ
֮󣬼ʿض·͹һȡ֮ͳ裬ϰ֮ɥΪסСֻԸ뽵ͬǵɼԸϥȴҲϿ廨һˡ
عݺǷϵԴ˱һǡ
û죬С½֮ƺŵأڴӿʿǣҹɽھص¼ٽҩըɭɽǺ󷽵ǽԫһֱͨСȻԳʿ䣬ȱɱУһս֮󣬽ؽԭ׸ɵԴ˳
ʣǱȻɢ
ҵϣǽظ߶˸⣬˹ŵзĲбֳܽǵķȥгҰϸ
ӵ˱ֳ֮󣬲֪ôģͺȻСԭѾݣģˣ𳡡Ϣ
Ǻ
ǧҶطΪ棬еǰ;Ұʧȥδʿ˾Եɱʽ棬ڼַ֮
һ˱ְˣֻʣ翹ʿΪ
ȻɼڡĹЭһͦعڣƽ
ҳԭפش˴ǵκͳǷԲƾ֣ʱ˸Ϊȹ̵Ҹǡ
ĵĽʹ˱С̼תƣƻˡ
˵Ƕ·ɣĽֿ֮ģĸۿڣضĽͨŦʮǰȹɼ̫һֱǸԲҰóġ
ǲܱȣڶ˵һһĴ󶼻ˡ˵ѰգҲۺ졣
ȻûпԼ෴·ԸⷢһʺơôʿȻһΪޣӣаŮ
ά֣ܹѡʿǢƽ΢һ¡ǳԷס󱦽ǮһʱѰˣֳӡԱΧЩСĿɾͲˣһԲͱŵģƲģݳڱǿΪūģνʤ
Щ´ĺСٿۣ΢ӻһЩ޹ߡ
δ뾹ɥĲ֮ͽڽ̳ɱɮԺ
žˡˡϢ㴫ȥƽ֪֚
ڸ˻լʺģƽּطƽֳ곣һѲӸأ֪ʹ˵İȫ
ͨϰʵˡ
Ю̩ɽԳԻҲܣǳϲҲ
Ͼʮ͵ķɣиƦﵽСɱԽȻǱӣ°СɣһŮxɣϽȫٻҲû취ҳ׵İɡ
ƽּط˽֮дı˵ǧƣ֮Ľ٣һʮڣԻָ
Ϊ˚ԸҵˣϽضɮ¾ٰ찲֮¡
統ȻʹϧȻԱʱֵûκҪΪ˵ΡǼͷԷȽԺĿͽõͽѡ
ϾضֲǾᦹ֮༸ݵҪעһ£طûҪҲֹܽҲȻûнֹʿΪͲܵ׷
Ҳûָƽ֣ǰܶһ飬ʲôԡ
ⲢδԸĵԹʲôӰ죬ĳ̶ֳ˴ٽá
ƽּط˽֮ߴٸ·ӼֻɼʤӦ٣Ҷ鶼ҪһٲС
ɼûͬһΪǶʿΪһԼܱ֤Ƶԡ
ȻҲͨŷʽݸƽ֚㡣
պǡʮӡ԰µȸҵʿ¼ᣬͶսʿȻ״̬ˡ˺Ƶ˼ǮؼҸǷȢϱҸܣѾ롣
ǡþʱ˱Ϸ˵ϮڷʧأҺɼʤĸߣͬɼʱԮûܡ
⵼ҸǡǵĹԽͺһϡȻȫֶԵ̸ʲôӰ졣
ս߻ɻʦҵؾѾѹ˼ݵ㣬޷γϵˡ
΢·һ¡
ĩϲҡˡ칭ӣںԽǹսѵϳǽʿıٳɡλսպյġػưᦡǹ˻׵ͣȴѣӱеľղ;ƣߣ˺Ѹٶ񻯣ղ
ʣǱ漴ʧȥս⣬ԱΪͶ
ϢԶʿ԰
뱱ٳɲսҲɳֵʤѹӲԣͳһǧǮ¡
ƽ֚㲢ûаŸĵĻύˣһӰзãǰݼض˽˽ػưᦡ¼
֪جĺѱС紨¡͵´ҿȰ˵˶ʱɽϹڵͷֿƳ
ѱΧ£Ȼǧİ˵ȹ̵ųǳءս൱ֵء
ٿǵһ̬ڡɡһųԵֿʶʱ֪Ĵꡣƽֱ֚˵ض˵ģȻڤ粻飬ҹԴ󣬽ҵѪ㴫ȥɣһʥµϿĻ⣬˼ҵϣô˵ҲҪżʯصġ
ϹһֶֿʵӣʵȻµӲùŴ˵Ŵϲãܴ˺ͣﳼԸСԭȥȰڸ˿ˡһŵ
ƽ֚˽𣬵ɫˣκοɻת֮زҪ˾㱣סҲһҪŵຮ֮أⷵġѪ϶ֻ㴫С
ԱϹ£ȴսսҷƬ̣ʵ̫ϰ˵ѾͶ㡭ǽоܻڸˣµɷ񡭡
ƽ֚Է̬˳ȫϰɼĽóԺúȹš
ʱۿСԭѾΪµǰȻ˸ԶĲ֮͡


ʮ ׹
ÿŵĺӣ
ƽ֚֮˵ĵһӡ
ޣ˫ֱ£ȫŨܵ뷢һǰֻϷмĵΣ⴦нӽһ߳ȡ
Ȼ߷糾ͣͶ٣δݾ͸æʺ򣬵ΨкӴüãһһñֱ´ûͲƣϴҲ㹻ɾںâ΢𶯣紺
ڶۣע⵽ˣüǣͨգԼ˪ֵ١ЩҪһ߳ĺϸһ֡ݹعòױʦǿӡ
˾ͬʽװȴܾöֻҰԵζһڡˡΧԵø롣ҲǺںֲ߽Сڣӵˮ
˻вĿüġ
ƽ֚ȴǼЦԻ׹Ȼͬ죡
ûǰλ˳ơ׹ĴΪš
ֻǵһμǴѵĺӣ֪Ǳעģˡ
Ϊ֣ںʷߺϷҶԣͦ쵫ӡֲ㹻̵һսֻڰشҲԶںˡ
ڰϷ棬Ǹȫ棬ҰıµĽɫ
󲿷˵˽ڴˡ
ڵʵ̫ƫ۴̡ﻹռ˲ŵĿԶ⣬ֲСγɻԵĹϵ˼ٱս
ڣΨһһݷõĺǿ
ƽ֚㼸ûκϱӵġ顱Խʵ顣
ǰλ༫ɫĿˣƽ֚ԼӶ꣬û˵⣬طʣøף֪ģ츳Ϊ֮
ڸΪŰһݣȷʵëʢҲڴˡֻǺʶ֣֪κ£ڹعޱĽǲЧ֮ġع۾δؾһ׳ɽӵ֮ҵʿþ߱Ķ
ޣƽ֚ԾȻ˻棿һ׮̸
ڸǰΪװģ̧ͷཻȻɫɷף£ֻʷԻڸղŵĻǱģ·ϣ˵˼ϲκ£ʱϵɡ
Ȥƽ֚㷴Ӧһ㶣ŴЦΪô¶ˣ
ֻû뵽ڸ״˫Ŀ׻ˡΪŲ˼˱ŵòаԡôӣʵΪϺкԽԽ͵˵ȻǶҲܵ˵Ӱ졭ʲôκ£Сʱлš
ããƽ֚ͷԻλƨףʣԺǿԺúѧһѧҪΪƫ֮ĿˣͲ˵
ԱߵĽһЦãȴǼȸ²ֲҴ𻰣׷ױһ֣سϿҵףͷװ۲ذ
ΪҲͷԡ
ڸ˿ҵƥĵúã𣿻ǳ
ʲôǣ
Һƽ֚ûй⣬Ц˼ͽһ̣ΪšҽɰɣôͻȻ뵽ضݷأ
ȵ׼⣬Ϊӹͷ˽ڸ£սᣬҵ䴦ƫԶ֮أҲ֪Է׷׶д⡣˾ãֻʹʵǳⲻ㣬һҪһ˲㹻ý˵ڸݰٹضʱʱ
ƽ֚ɵȻǽ˵ҵضôڲأɶʮ˰붬أ
Ϊһ̾Ȼֻǰǰ๥սݣ໥Թǰ˶˵Ҫžضڸȴÿ·Ҫ˵ϲ⡭ûκΣ˼¹ͬϼȡúߺ·װӣȻнֻ˶ʮˣűܿ˶Ŀ
˼ƽ֚˼Ƭ̣ʣɣ˵˵ΪʲôֻһܵضңȴֻʹأΪṩϼңҲûһ
ΪǶг鲻ԭɡΪƺûгûҩ˼ھӡѡһϼңǸӶƵ״̬ϲҲ࣬ѳɣҾ˵ó׳˴⼱账һΪ޵У߿սȫ롭
ָ˵˰죬ָÿһҴ⻼뿪أܼҵͻԵĴ
⻰е
ƽ֚սöˣʱлָϷʰǵƣ˵Щ飬սÿ춼ڷճͷļҴûһѵ˵ģɿ²ܳĲᣬ˵㱾˰ɡּңѵȫû⻼Ͳ뿪صʱ£
ڸˣĿ档Ϊŷݵ˵Ц˵ĳɲʲôŴ壬ʵͨȡֶΣӸھӲģ˶ȥˣڸǳò˴½ҳڲҲδס˵ϼѾҳһˣгҴţҰ֮ѱ䣬ϡ档
㻹ǰ˵ƽ֚ԽԽߣʶ㷢ʡ
ǵġңǱȴҡΪʱְͷ̧¶Ưĳ룬˵Ϊ˱Ƕʱ򣬰һӬͷСʵûʲôģֵģڸߵϯֻҪõϿɣԪҲҪԻָ֮ǴʱһЩʲôãҪ³ġ
ƽ֚üͷٴδһǰˡ
ֱʣ˿̸ʲô塱ʲôͳǿ͹۴׷˵Ŷʮ㡣Ϊǿտڰ׻ж֤
ôܹĵˣӦõõŴ
οǸˡ
ƽ֚һڰϴӣԸΪšȻûдٱȻģһŵַҵеаɡ
ǣΪȻȻ󲹳ϳ˵֮ʱһеĴ֣һΪ𶼲ַս
¶΢Цֵһ¡˵ֲ֡ԭգ
ΪŴԭҾôϣ̵ϲĴϣѭԸӹλӺʼıʵ˵ôҲϲϵ壬ֻϵѾңԶˡ
áƽ֚ҡҡͷΪϲĻܻڵǰһͷɣȻԽῤԺ־͸աᡯȻٴϱ͢һʵĹְŷ
лڸΪšѾΪţϲ⣬ߵס
أءƽ֚Ȼֵ˵֮£ǲôϤġպҪĻҪ鷳æ
Ǳ˵ңǴּҡǣҽһŵңΪŵеˣĺҲһһġ
ƮƮһ仰ķȫˡ
ԺдҪݷڸˣɾ͵ںԹԵȴˡʱһԣ˵һûܾͻӰĳˡʲôҲ˵ֻ΢һ˳򣬾΢á


ʮ ͷ粨
Ϊŵƺ˺ܶѹ
üڵ֪ºǲʹߴźصƷǫ̬ǰҲɳ൱ҪļҳԶȻôһ
⵹ͦȤġ
ˣ󲿷ӦöϵʵвʵʵĻ롣ЩʬɽѪ⽣ӰĴǣȻϰߣΪغͼ̳Ȩ黥ɱûмűȡ
ĳЩ˱ûгԶ۹⡣
һЩ˾߱˳Զ۹⣬ȴͲסǰջ
ֻֻǾԼһǻѪδйɾʶﲻϽܡֹɡ
˵˲̫ƽȮǶڱعصϰնԡ
ʿڼսڼ䣬ϱšеȡƸҫǲôƶ΢
ƽ£ҲҪʮʱ䣬ЩӾʱǴźɽײģںƽСǳˣŻиԵĺת
ֶν⣬Ϊһʿٴ뷨⣬޷Կ
ҪֵԴ
еļһѾȫϰɱ¾ңһӵļž̲ˡ취ճһ򾡣ɱ֮Ծ󻼡
̶ûôǿŽȡĶ
ǣΪűܸɼ«ȹضʶ޵رˡڴһﻹ˳˼
һһ˫ϷЧѹضּۻ۵Ļ»ǵ
ȻһЩ᲻⣬ƽ֚㲢ں
սһ˳ʷ̨ɣͲǿѹȻȴʵȡЩĲԡ
ĵطû¶κηΨһǰľǣϹ潫õʯķͣѼźѪ̳ȥ
Ӧϰ㣨ɼҲûдֻԼĳͷ
֮Աٳɵĺᣬƽֳ֚һ̬ȣжԱҾϿŅ̀֡
֪ºɼʤȻʾҪһЩʳοƷȥϾֵһҲԤ׵شС˵ϰһһӲġӥɡžǴ
˷ȫͬʾǶ֮߳
«ʢԭһֱھº⽻϶ԴڸУڶĿˢһЩӡ֡Ǻò׼ƽڸʱȻȾϼԴˡΨһ«ʢ¡ͬƽȥһĲݣȻŻؼ
ϽʢΪ̹˵ӵѪԴ壬зѵļּ֮սǿտҲǷ²ծ«ϴΣ֮У꿰Ƽ紿ΪתߡȾزΨнƽڸܵԴˡ
ʢѫȴĲȻ棬ǹضѼ彫ϚӦ«ϼչˡ
Ȼ
«ʢ¡ǼһߴˣҲ㻵ȥν̺ܲһ˽³ɫҺû˲żȻ㿡ʵľֱ󰮣˿Цá
ƽкӡˡ
ҺһСӰս´֡
һо֮С
ӳǱݣǿŽԽرӣսϷж׾ܣ̫Ϸ֪١
Сԭǣֻʣջ̳ƴؼˡ
ʱʧ֮˳
ʼհѱߣԸصĳǳ֧Ԯ൱ޣһڡҳ͸һİӭľ档
СԭȻ˵ĲӣҲûо̫ġǳڵĵȴʿΪƣ״̬ǳ䡣
ͬʱһȡõҪ׼ľչʾҫһʿӸļʿũǵ֪ԼѾռ⵽ϴ֮Ļ˼Ϊ߸ȴܱүأ
ʽСԭǵĽǴӾѮʼģȹ̵ĳǷҪԴͲڡΪûִǿ
ˣƽ֚ԳյϢ˵СԭرؽȺܿС߸ɴͶϵģֻһֱûʲôֵһδ
Ҳϰ
ضһϰԶ뱾սĳëرأʮ·ѾһɢɳȺҲԴûа취Ȼ¹ˣȴȫûκγԽʱľ֯˼·һ߱ӦĿ͹
ȻȻǶԼ͵ٱϾǿԽ˴ݵĳ;棬һ·ϻѺǲ١ƽּҳе߰˳ɣǰȻ׷ױʾͿǮ޷֧š
ĹڡΨһϿսԱȶҪؼģ⵹ɡܴԼԶһĵ˱ΪҰս̴òÿͻеġ
״̬ϺõģѾϰԶƽֱּ´ˡ
֮⣬ɼʤ֮֮ΪؽľƣսԽȴܲʼձ˱ȽĽơ
оɵڣΪڸŮʧܾȽϷḻµĲ⵽֮Ѹٻظ
֯ԸһЩĲսƽӹʮ͵Ҳǲ
ʮһѮƽ֚Ѿյ˳ʮݹʿҽᡢְӵı档
ֻڹģڶʮϵ¼
ʿΥ͵ӿ¸鲻
սԱҲǣÿλ߿࣬һŷѾǸܴĿˡ
֮ɢΪ̣һʮܡ
ңضƽԭ붬֮󣬽ʼнѩļˣ
ȻȻѩĻѾĵòط֮֡ȻפҰĹͬʧɢ
ƺⳡƺƴòͿǵķʽ
ϹȻڿΪֵǰţ´ҿС紨¡Ϊ˵˽нֻŰǻȻ֯ҡΡԪһЩɵ˲֪Ǳ˵򶯻ʲô濼Ҳ̸Уˡؽ
ƽּطҼΡҡľ㳤ǵ̬ȶЩҡˡ
ˣԼڡؼҹꡱɣƽ֚ʮһ¶ʮһ̸ͬ
Ϲ汾ϣȰģƫƫܺšѡļҳ˳̩٣ƽּҵľԪһǰȥǰվ
Ϊǰ˾ƣ˫ܴһ¡
ȴһȥ֮֮󣬲ſĻӦȴǸ͵͵źҲľԪ˷ء
ŵ֪ʹǣõ˱̳˱ֱͷһӭʮ䵭̫ϡ
ΪɱλֱТȴ뽩֡
㻰Ѿ˵ڣղȥò֧֣ξԼɡȻѾĶֱ㣬񲢲ôТ˳˵ТңǰԼϵٸ淢ˡ
ӱֱνͷöˣһϽнֹ¼ķһҪס֪ŭıԷͷ֮¡
ʲôģﻹ˼̸
ľԪͳ˵Ĵһ൱ˣʹߣȴͬһ㡣
ֱǻȥ棬ȴֲ丸񶨺󲻸淴ֻ˽д˷ţ͵͵ľԪͳǣǰ֪ƽ֚㣬ʱա


ʮ նи
϶
ƽ֚СһۣѩХ龰
һʮģȴԺԵӰ
ʲôʱˣƿ˱죬ڷʡ
δʱ̣źֻ˯˰ʱشһϤŮֱǰ޷ǵعе»ǶϢһ°ɣǶ˰һҪעⱣůǡ
»κβҡƽ֚ڴϣӹ޷ţҡҡͷںҪСо̱һٱ˲öˡ
ϱµĿ⡣ֱٴУһŮϽȲ裬һ۶¯ֲʱ򣬽ʮƣ֮ʦۼڷѩУκεϸ΢֮¶ᱻŴһʲôҥԳ֣䶼ûܵġܲʺϽЩò˵»㹻ѹס档
šеƽ֚̾˿üһ˼£ıأ˵Ҫʱվӵĺںʿ
ͷԸ֪ͨˣӦϾ͵ֱ𻰵ͬʱѾһɢҩζڵĲ֪ʲô֭߹ˣá
ƽ֚ͷӹȴȲȣĿ⿴ŴԶǸ޵ӰȻʵֱðŷѩ𣿡
ǵġֱҲ˳ĿһȥӦͱϹˣһſڿʲôҲ˵ֻǷŲߵס
Ӱƽ֚ͷƺԴ¸еͷۣ漴˼ֱʺȻ󱾶šСгǰԡҡҼΡɽһ½ʱ˼רעھ

ʱֵ꣨1578ʮʮաү任̽˰ºһƱģ¶ëıѩضȾһƬɫ
СԭפܼƼʮʿǴ˾޴鷳
ƽ֚ǰ׼˴ĶºͲ𣬲ҼʱַԼҵ챾飬ṩϡ
ЩĽʿǣͿܺѹˡ
ʲǿ⡣ǹǹض󲿷ִȻԴͳƶ齨ӣϵͳѶºͲ𷢷ŵÿҪķѺܴĹС
ٵν֮֡Сԭ˵˳ڼص׼ʵԤǾŸҡ
ʱ͵ľԵ֪ƫ
˵Ͳʳﶼˡ
̶̳ȱеĸϾȻԾɻӣײԱ¼ʿܲסʼ˴ΧĻӡеļǧģƵĲֱӳͶеľΪ޵ʴŲͬѾ֡
Ͽף֮ĸԪ֮ãеֶͽˣЩΣϷ
ʮ䣬Ҳ귢˷ŵıѶҴҸϵSסԺſڣǳұȻ̬˲ַڶүӾƣεڵأȻҲ޷۾ˡ
ϣôǿӲսҲסˣֱ԰ǿȰķʽɣִٴľԪͳٳƽ֚Уûôִͬһ
Ϊճ־õַսֹ
һսϵıϣѭͶ
ʿо󲿷ǰְҵũǷظҡβ
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ôһϰõԺܷʵʵһǸǵ⡣ԶģԺðɡ
ͬʱĹܡ½ضĴҲõ˸ظҵɣӼ֮ھͷ׷׳ˣ뿪ѾݱһƬǽģصȻÿ¼˻Ĵȴӽİš
ƽ֚ԻʴȵľһҪȡ֮⣬˶ֳ̬ȡ
ԭ׼Ѻ͵ն̵ġ
ߵӾ˹³ǵʱƽ֚ȻܺȾ˸գȫΪܵһЩ𶯣òͣ
һڴûʲôΪֵͬġ´һĶûаæ˼ɼ֮޵ֻ²
ĵܵܺͶܸܲĿ׵Դھڡ
ֱͱϹ棬ǱһΨûɵģ˹³֮ѩйһ죬̧֡

ƽ֚˼ҳǵı棬֪ԼҾã˿˼һ֮ڲ࣬ȥæԼģȻԸſڵ
꣬źµֻۣýӲʿڡ
׳ıֱãס²ţȻܹǿʩ񣬿ڳơлڸ߽Ӽ
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ƽ֚ſڵλĳѾ˽⵽ˣҪסģʵЩǿѡͬ⣬й䣬ҳǣҲ
ңңֱ̽дŵһߣڵذձ˻ܵüգѾڸ⿪ˣﻹ뱣סأֻǡֻǡ
ڸилԸΪϹزһ䡣
ǵġֱԴ񵽵ϣȷʵأˡ⣬Ѿʼˣһʿȥ
šƽ֚һÿɷ
ն׺иͬڷɣʿ˵м𡣲ϵ߱˵Ҳϵźͺ˵档
֮ǰƽ֚㲢ûȷ˵ҪȡַǸҪȡ̬˾ÿ϶ҪԾ
ʵΪһԽߵ꣬ûʲôļ֡
µС
˼Ƭ̣ƽ֚˫ۣ׵ԭҵ˼ǵҪնѸ£֪ءλѩķϣٴһ㣬ģȻ֮⣬һʿϰɡȥһΣǷ֪ˣ
һֱæߵлϹҲҪ
ƽֿ֚ȥ
̾ӹض꣬Ȼֻ֮ĩ֣˻ҵ
ԣ͵صһͷô˵Ͷˣ


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Լһǰơʱ¾ʢʱΪĻڣ񴨼ҽ˼̳Ȩ֮⣬Ӷյ߾˹³ԼΧʮׯΪ
ʱֻ˿ڲһҲûκҵƶ֮أùģǧңֻ֧ʿˣҳʱһ𴳵ֵܡ
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þȨֹҺ͹ضɼ֮۸ӵìܹϵȡģأܣֽһҰҰܡ½ȸ̡ʢʱ˶ʯӵʮ
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ڻǷĿɳ𡪡Ҳƽ֚ѹһֱûиڶѡ
¸Ķʮˣ죬ΧСԭƲɵ̬ݻһеֵ
ǳ½ε佫һһɽ޿ֹ
ǰҵ˹³ǡ
ƵĴˣ˼ŶʢʱڵıõƽڸиԾĿ䣬ŶдԼ塣
ĵܵܣƵһΨһʶʱ֪塱ıϹ棬ǿӵؿ°ֵԴȻӯԼʶҪѼϷš
ҺñƵӣĶֱۼֿ죬׳ǰ˵ֹһѪ֮֡
侲֮ϹҲ֪ԼǾġΨһõƽڸϵıˣôȥˣ˵õʯأܾûˣ
ʿԼ
Ƶһգǣһɣ˵Ҫż֮󣬼ᶨʾȥ˭Ȱʹ
ִû˵Ҫƽ֚㵱Ȼûоܾĵ˸˳ˮ飬һҲһȥչʾʿҫˡ
Ƶϰ㣨ɼûôֱԻţȻҲһ궼ʬľ
ҳǵǶˡʧȥأΪȥҲֹҴˡȻвԸѡѳͬһǰ;͡
Ŀһеʱ򣬱ϹͱֱֶˣûжĹȥοѺ;ͬţΪҪصƽڸرͬʱл
ûҵĵεлиԾԴھʾڣѾǷȡĴˡ
Уһֱա
ˣӽһŬֹڽա
յ㣬ͬ˹³ǡȤɺϣڤڤ⡣
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սȣŵٶȳƲǺܿ죬ÿռµι̵վȽŸ
ΪǻйƼˣĸٹ򣬷ϳ˰ƹļӼסеı֧ƣŶӵͳһԱ֮ǴϢ
ΪѵõǣǿһԪȨһʵϰյ״̬δ档
͡롱̵ӡ˽ʱ
˵Ǹض˴±򣬿ҲΪ
ԭʷϣضΪ㷨ΪϱսʱʷоĴ󱦿⣬жصĵλ
Ȼ˥µĺۼȴôš
ƽ֚ϹͱֱҳТӵ¼ƹ㿪˶סضӢƱöʧĽѵ
ðǶСԭַսӮֻΪȻǺܿ⡣Ϊ鷳ᵼºĵĸ
ضƬĵأҪúôء
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δ÷豻̨һϰ벿ֵȨϿɡ
ԭڱеģءܡҰܣ½Ұأȫ˳
ƽ֚µĵһ÷лʱ䣬¹ʯߡʱأҲûֱϽ뷨ԲҪϸ£иΪתĲοͿˡ
»ؿǺܴ󣬵ϸвսԼӦܵͣһȷʵӦû÷͡һӻĻܿͻ᲻õġ
ڡʷ֮У᳼㼪ΪڳտʼԳʣµ˿ƺ͵ĳ̶ȣһӾͰѳɿĴƬ֪ˣ
ڣƽ֚㲻ܵʷԡţƵ֪ʮҪö࣬ѹʹûй̤ɣ뷨
ȳɹʷǳ£ҾҳɹҲٲ⡣һǰ˵黳ǶҲ
ƽΪ̳ˣ类򰵹ͬ
Ȼš¡ôͿԺúù滮һϸĥصĹ滮ˡ
ҪѸĵͽͨŦҪ嶼ֱϽǿǵضɢɢȮӣھ֮以Լ˴ģȨźô
˵ȨӶλڴ󳼼󽫣ظñӣҲ˲ʱˡ


ʮһ ⽻
˵Ұ˶ΪʱõµĴ󽫾Ҷʽµ񡣡
ߣƽּҵҷˣȮǰĹ󸾡
޴ӷԽԽߣྩ˲ֱʼסص꣬𡰺Ȫǰǰš
⻰ƽ֚Ȥˣ˰ҿû˵й΢˽еľҰĺأ
˵ЦˡȮǰȻʧЦνҰĺʵ޷ָٹ١ԼҼҳŮ˵ĻˡȻܴ˭
֡ƽ֚ҡͷ⣺ôû˵ǰֱ˵أǵҪŮת𣿡
ǾͲ׵ˡǲ׵µʵ⣬û㳢԰ɣȮǰȫһׯģ׸еˣݹӦ𵽣ֻ󲿷˶ôʾ;һҪ֪˶ѡ
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ˡҪϸ˵أ˵Ȯǰ֣һ㣺Դĵģϲҵķ˱ǰþʱǿ£ǵ´ݴְ֣֮㶯ȴдļе˵Ǹر𳤵ĽļСǧ̬Ȼô˳ӡ޷أ
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ǵƣȫһۿˡȮǰǷһ㶼˫Ŀ
νƲơƽֵ֚˵Ǻܼ򵥵һɣκ֪˶סǲѣԷ뵽ǲô׵ġɡԺ˵ͻش˵ҶþӾݣܵұӻԻЩģҪȽ֮ٿһ
ǡȮǰͷʾףֺ׷ʣôҪַ𣿡
ƽ֚Цˣ˵Ҫַݣ˵͢ʽ̬Ҳòȥæһ͢Ը⹫һνҽ볯УȻҾͲ鷳һˡ
⡭ȮǰЩ壬׷ʣ⡭ѵǵµʵ뷨𣿡
̸ϡƽ֚νҡҡͷֽһЦǰӹԶԣ͹ˡ
ˡȮǰ˿Ȼʲôһ䣺һ¡Ӧ˵¡ɼ֮ĸʶԺɼǫţ֮ǰѾ̧֣ˡСĺȻС紨ķԭҲϣתǸ⡣
ǣһﰡƽ֚üͷһ˼

ҪСԭַս֮˵
˹ضҹʯ֮󣬚´ϲ¹ѫĴֱ˶ʯʮʯȵķɵΪʹͣͬʱ´Ҫת
ɼʤйָʹƾšɼ֣ǨܹʮʯҰʮʯͬʱƽĵԽ󣬽ִɽǡ
С紨¡ΪĴҵҵְأΪʿ䷶ʹͳ½ϲʮʯΪԭ췵ëȨӷ⡣
ʩԴ
Ȼʹ͵ǿ˼ҰңϾ϶ˣҲ˵κο
Ȼȫۡ
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⻰Ȼǹ˵ģʹȥ
ԲŭЦҵԽ֮ʿһģǲҪʲôضֻͣö־;ͿԴˣôܺҰ֪Ҿջˣ
ǷԸɼʤתݶƽתճС
ʵʾ͵ûرΪ˵Ĵ
ΪɼʤͰڼȹϵϣװʹԽܵ߷·ߡʤʱң
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ǰѺ׷ȻŮһׯУǲľܾءȮǰ˵
ɼɼʤжǺȷģ⽻൱
⻰̧һˡҲֻǴŻһ׼ûء
ȫѵҲǲеġ
һҳƽڸǰװƣ
ǣ
ҰʮʯɵأȻšʮʯûˣĳģʮʯ˳ʰһСԭǵ̯ӡԺҪףӿڳĵ
˵ɼǫŵ飬ַ֪ʽСԭǣǸÿ޻ǸЦأ
С紨¡Ǻܵԡ̫޷Ϊɣܾתⳣ½
ȷʵеĲ˼ôС紨Զ룬ǿӲļѶϵëԪպǲôƽˡ
ķҲܵԭëҵѹôи˽ʯɣǳܸɣҪȻǵæΣ
С紨¡ĿԶԡ
ɸǲ͵һල׵ղүзΪķգ
ȥ֮ëҲǲ֪ô죬ֻɷ顣
С紨ʾǳڣܾµĶǲ֪ôѡһΡȮǰתͬʱ˵Ǵ㽫׵ܲžΪ̣ϣԺӶ˿һ߾ڹضһ
ðɣҿͬ⡣ƽ֚ζɺ˭ôأҰѻԺضкܶҪС紨¡ĳϣԼǲˣµǿԡ
סȮǰٴιһԭԭС紨ķԭġ


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ƽ֚ûǿĴ󽫾֮λڶԹض˳֮Ҫ¡
ʮĴҹ糣Ԫȡɽߡ̳ţ֮һ֣͢롰λ¼ءĹְ
ʮǰԪȡ㳤̳жʮǰĹ֣͢롰λ°ءĹְ
÷ǰԪȡϡ̳ǰΡһȡ֣͢롰λ¿ءĹְ
Ȼ¼ҳӵУѡῡʮֱΪ
Щӷֱ𵽼ӣͳ쵱ؾɳּҵ
ЩΪ̵棬ճƽ⣬۱·Խֱ֮ƸλΪλ²顱
ҳͨдһ뿪֮λӷ֪УǲضǰתԽƽ棬Ű񣬷ƣලС
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Ϊ߲ơղǰߵݵλеǡ׷ƽ֚Ԥƣһڳֳֹǵ໰Ȩռҳʵ񵫲̫˽ʵ
·ݣСŨ֮Ƶھ˺üµæµ֮زҩʯá
֮д֮ƽΪȥλʦɽ
ȴο˵ɲǰ̿ʩչԽƽض緢ʤڹʮԶӣȻ󽻴˼ɼ«ϡ顣
ƽ֪֚ϢҲǰ̽
ʱǿŲ壬Ȼ𣬴óһСţɫʱ뿪֮ʱ⹲жʮλҪˣѯʡǷб䡯֮飬ڸ֪ʮ֣ձ㶼ˡ
ƽ⾪ﲻѡ
ȴֻһЦӹţ߳ȻͶ뵽֮УֽճɻҽתֶԻα֪֪
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λһΣδ¹ҵȴӰ´ֵʿʹ
һЦ˫ֺʮ˵˾䡰ȥټڵĴɽȳңš١ҵһҡ
ݵ֯ɳ׷Ч£ҪôңҪôβӣǵãȴͬСһܱصĶͣƽֱҳ
ʵߵҲס
ҵİ岿ԽѩիΪ֮룬ȻƼĺѣŰ
ǰΪС
岿ԽѩիǸʲĺУءʿͶ빤ȷʵгڵĲܡ
ƽ֚ȻһƣҴǰרעڽݷɣԼɽǹص֧ƺﳤʢ͹ضأԽֱֵؽмغ㣻ȥѳһƬСԭͽǢְˣؽó
ܵĵز˰ʯɡʱ֡
֡Ĺ˳ѰķӦ
ʮ̣ʮ֪ΪʲôȹϵһýͷöеĻûȲĿ͹еĺȻȾ˼Դݣе˽ͼͨ
Ҳû˵Ҫΰ
ȺṩʮϢΰŮڸ˴ʵݽڼҲ硣
ϵľͲˡ
ԽҵǶԹùúֶŮ뷿֮пǷѾӭü˳Ŀ뿪һ˫á
˫ܣı·ӵ쾡£ƽڸ˳ˣΪι˻д¡ո𣬴Ӵ˾糯ľ
ɽʿ죬ʫ֮
һ£ʯɻر˵Ѿʮһݣʮʮ˷ݵĿݴûп⣬ʮݴڰٹҳ̶ȵʮٹǧ᲻ȵĳ룬ʣ߷ݹڻҵڻû
ʣΪδ
⻰ʯ˿ûӳһţ»ӣᶨ޲ĿӦܵνҲȫǾα졣ٹ̶ȵ֮飬ٹ˵ְ̰īо߸Ҫϳְ죬̷ǣ
ƽ֚㲻ÿɷؽӹԷﱨ飬΢ɨһָۣһ̾һ游ʮǰΪȿʸȴҪ̷𣿡
ʯȻͷȥֻǴһ֮յĴõȻڸϣΣЩС๵ġ
УѹƵûȫѹסһ˿


ʮ ׼һս
ʯĿ⣬ƽ֚˳ְٺƽвһ˹ѵ⣬˽¾Ĵ֡
̺ͿǶԣСˡ
ƽ֚Լȴñûʲô
ͣҴκͳȥض˰ϣΪ׼һεĳ
ɱȡˡ
Ĺܡ½ضضѾְ˵ǣƽڸ¶û˻Ҵ
ô˵һγΨĿĵؾֻʣݺͶˡ
ˣܹҲ˳
󣬺пܾһոȨʽԼ֮ķͰˣ
Ҳ˵һնֵĻˡ
ȥܳһʱ֮ڣ¶벻дģս³֡óͷñī÷˵ǺϢڿԷ˾ͽȻ෴
û׬һϵģպɵô죿
һЩеʿѾƽڸδԤڹ滮󲿷ֵӦʱס
ΣȨλ븻϶Ҫѫģһ֪
ķӢܻս飬ӹɵˡ

ȥСԭ֮ʱƽֻ֚Լֱȫλ׼ȴ߹˸֯ڴѩС鷳
ȡ˽ѵƶһݰ
涨֮ʱͳһվ뼯Ľų̣ص֪Ĺģɷʽ
֮ڵڽߣÿʯҪʿˣ۷ʮˡ
յ֮ģÿʯҪʿһʮˣ۷ʮˡ
յʮ֮ģÿʯҪʿһʮˣ۷һˡ
ʮյʮ֮ģÿʯҪʿһˣ۷һٶʮˡ
ʮյģһ㲻ҪӵÿʯҪʿʮˣ۷һʮˡ
Ȼ·֣ɸк걨вԲԵǿۡ
Сʿʮϣʮµӣپ߱Ƥҡڴ֮ϳ̶ȵķߣгǹ̫һֻġ̫֮ıƷ䡢Ա𲻺Ϲ涨ȷʵսģԷſҪȻװҪ󲻿ɷſ
۷ͼˣרŸأ񣬹󣬱ʸҩҪʱȵȡԭһףԼ65ı׼ҲӲԵġ
׼ʿÿÿ˺ʳԼ1kg۷ÿÿʳԼ0.8kg
֯սֵһʱԾԸǽ˵ģôǿƶ
ͬʱҲܴһٽʿũ롱Ḷ́ķ
Ŀǰɣձǣһ£죬ûȳû׳궼ϤÿʯӦٵ˰ٵũеʱﵽһǧϡ
Ҳ˵һʮʯĴһǧҵĶ顣ȻֶȫûԶģҲ޷ũæڼ伯ᣬ㹻ӦҶȵĺսˡ
һ²ʿ븻ԣũսģˡʿʵ󱲱Ϊƶũ㻹ҲֻǱЦũսðһƥѪԵҡһͳʿȻڵطΰ
֮⣬Ϊ˷ֹѣرǶǱߣƽ֚겻жǰС˵һʮ֮ǰᣬ³һ֮ǰȫᡱճ̡
ʱΪ·
Լһֱӣ֮ڸݡһֱ֮ͬһΡλ²顱ƽָӣԶ
«ԶĽᣬҶѾ̬ȺˡϡȣҲǲʹߵ飬Ȼϲ֮ܲȥôʶʱ񡱣˵ǲΪǵġ
ֻɶĿȥؾ㹻ˡ
Ȼ
սڣӻѡҲǺġڱֵر˳ֻΪ˥̫С¡ա಻绽֮
չطλǺܴġ
Ծ˵Ǳ֮߱أɽˮôܷӰ롣һǶҪ׷ݵԴ徭
ȴȻضũӵк֮ƫƶƧʱڣݵĴ´һӰġ
˱Գŷĵ¡
ԤƵı챾ֱڶһǧĹܡ½ʮһǧܼʮǧˡаˮɽߡ㳤Ԫֺŵĺӡ
ȥģ챾һ򣬹ض±챾ǧֱһǧضֱһ򣬱½һǧض²ܼưǧˡ
ӽУŵܴܵһ򽻵
԰ŷȻĦȭƣԴʱᡣ
ַЩҲҪʱ׼õ֤⡣
Ψһһ˼͵ģǴ
ҲൽˣҶø˶ͳȳ֮ԸϸύӵؿԼ
˵ڵ¡ϡ¼Ҵ˹ͬ˵ĬһϷ˹֮⣬ĵһסˡ
ƽ֚һĹͷɩ飬ôϲߵ֮飬ֻϸТҴΪӦţԼ˵гҰҪæµ˵һκ󣬻ûԽӼ
ҲɵĽΪ
Ǹ׹Ǹǧضºս³˴©ʧֻܺʣ²֮һΧ඼ϲҵľռݡº󷵻أҲֻܼأ޷Ťתˡ
Ǵһ㶼żдŹһֻҪڸС֮ҳݡ
˸е
ʮǰִƱΧ;̸ӰĻǱ֮ʱġ׼ˡó컹ҪǿһЩ
ȻձֳȴԶԶΪƫԶС


ʮ ݵ֮
˿н֮ɣԣĲƽ֚ڴ֮ϣָߵĺǲ˼飬ͷ򼸸ˮ죺ȷûи
ȻֻһڵЦ
ȻѼҵ˺ëҵʤȴеˣһڼװϣϻ̳ϿֱʱһˮϣԺȶԼҵĺԺȻҪϤԲŪĿĵصġ
Ź¡լſͨܡձ⡢ԱԵիһشУҲ׷ʾͼʾûκƫȷʵǴ˵ɡ
Ȼ
ٶԶϸڲܿͷذķȻջ٣ǽڵĶľкκ߶ĺۼ̴߳ӵټˡֻܴӷĳģ̶ܼƲյķ̶ˡ
ҪĿ۾˶ῴ
ڸӦףСΪһҪһˣһԵĵҹڵأύӣ
һǲͷŸѼҵĵһ̣ŵľ޼֡ͬʱҲǽݽڼĹʽѣϵѾεƽ֚ˡ
ʱ緢ӽɣнģ
Ȼǰ״̬ı仯ǰֱӵϵ
ƽ֚㡰桱ظпһ˽ѯʵ˵ص׾ʲôʣô׳˷棿
ŴҴҲ˲ᣬ̾𣺡ǰѽᣨвǰ֮С˵ıܽɽͿʼ֧穣ǰֳʧܸĦˣȣʼ˲һˡ¡֮ıû˹޷죬ȻҪǮơԭЩ˾ĿͻЩǮƽˡ˭ϡ˭Щ˾Ȼ˵ڼҡѼֹ֧٣ھ͵øǶ٣
ⲻȡ𣿹۵ʽȻǸܴĿܶóƽ֚ҡͷο˶ĿóףѼ˹ϵǳǻݻĹϵɲһζȡ
ʿڸôݽ겣Ŀ棬ҵֵ̼ĴңòƳϿҵߵװһݣֵʵ¡Щˣֻ˸ɰˡʱġڡ֮󲻵òܾ֧Ȼ⵽˹ͽӣǧ˲ұɱʮֿⱻţ鱦ȫͿգǾʵȫǿ
ԭˣѡƽ֚˵ͷ
ȴֹˡҳʹȻ£ǱϾƣ취ϹϵѰƽ¿չóˡǡʵû뵽һ֮Щţ˵ʲôɮ˽Դ̣Ҫ֧¡ڡǽڣȴֲžֻܾʱ취ľӶ˵չ͹˽ֵһǿȻѣߡ
⡭ƽ֚̾Ϣݵʿʲôá
С˻û˵أҧгݵҲٶ¡ЩʿĴˣѽҲȷʵֻܿ½¼ҡһʼǺ˳ʽܵһӭǡǡôҲû뵽¡Ǹһǧ˹˵Ҫ塮࡯İȣʵһȴΧסɶûңɱ˽һֻݱӣǺмƻģ̺ƵģҰڵһѹΣ㻨˺ü£հѰ°ߵūץ𣬶ķݣľ񡢵ݺͣ׷˸ɸɾƬȼҹȻȻء
ƽ֚㳹Ի֮ˡ
ʵʵסȻȡ˰ǺܺΪҪɱȡѣǾطʿرɵбʲôԭ
ô˵ִԵƻӶΪ˲С
Ҳ飬һʱȷʵ޷ƽ֚ʴضַȻҲԽСԭ˺ܴɧš
ǶǾӼɲѣʿԽɵġºҲ˷йǰȥ䲼Ʒ˽йͨﱸؽ
¡ϡɥĲΪǡ
ԵΪ׵Ĳˣƽ֚ľַսʾ̶߳ȵ֧֡
ǵϳ˻ٵˣ޼˭׽ߵĵڸصĲƸȻǺܾ˵ġ
⣬Լ̺ŵҲܷܺشͬȡõϢĽ
ƽ֚ǳŴ˼ǧˮذһۣѾлƽһ׶ʯ͵ǰߡĿǲ⡣
ʡ׼ʱͻѡ
˴ص֮ƽ֚㽫ɻС紨¡˼һ˵ݵĴǶԿƲȱģԸٵָڳóݶתƵԼϡ
ԣƽ֚ɵ¡ϹҲۡ˵ǰ֮һѱԴѵҲûĿƲ
С紨¡˼˰ǣ˵⣬ǾݵĻܲͬڸ˲дһʡ
ƽ֚еȤ˻
С紨¡˶ܸܵڽܺ͹ضǶȡʮ顣ЩͬȻҲ໥ȴʹ˳սˣҪһ̲ҪΧھӵľ裬òʧھݡ͸ˡ
ƽ֚򣬽ӹͷǰЩ˶˵ڽеóֵˣȫǴϾʹһطûаǨطΧȥĵľӳȴʼջδġҵ棬ҰӻԾָ˹ȥԽǰղŵβš
˵ڵģʵһԴɵ硣
ҰյβȷʵģмԽǰϲԶգѧĳɷִ˿š
ǵ棬С紨¡ǲ˿¶ɵӣǹάΪݴ۽ɾͱڸ˲̫Զˣֱ֮Ƕ洫ǳӣͬʱڱ˵洫ǲôģֱɼҳȥҳǻΪǾǵڷԼ֪е⴦ȻģӦܵ档еġʿũ롯롮ҳסԾ˵췽ҹ̷һ㡣
˵˾ǼȨ̶̫ͣʱۼ̫ˡ
ƽ֚ôġ
ǺҺ˼
뿴Ȩ޷ֳرëң罵סĹء߶ȼȨӶܹ֯ԿַĺձΪĩܵۼ̳˼ʯ֪С
ݵֻأ


ʮ ʤ
˵Ķ֮ȫ֮أַʿ˹á
ݵůдѩֵ֮꣨1579ĩ򲢲̫䣬࿿ǰߵĴȲ꿪ͻսˡ
һ̬䵭ëԪ֪ʱ־ͨˣǱС紨¡˵
ڸ˵Ͳ˵ɿǣƽ֚˳ˮϿɡ
νġơڴ֮ǰ̤ս
Ԫһ˼ڼд飬С紨¡ֱ˱ȥëԪֻԳһǧ˿Ͽǰ֮һжӡƽּطǳҰƣԼˣٻϴѼҵѩˣ׼򱱾ݵǰǰȵء
һ棬ٳٴɥ֮ʹ߳ĳҲԪףӾسʾϤĵ·ᳵ·ϲࡢҲ򣬰Ұľ㳤ˣܼǧʿԮոսӹ̯ӵıͳҶԷֱв
ƽ֚㲢ǿҪԼݽϵܴ󽫣ëԪҲԪ׹˧ҪΪ˱ʾǵĳΣҲųŷº󶪹ͷ
ˮһµ˵ķ
ķӦǳ죬·쿪ʤվȡôݣֱ˳ò˼顣
ԭѩڴڴѼҵϹŰͨ˲ԵĬֻǺ߶Դȫûģֲʵʼû¶ع顰;
ƽ֚Ȼ˳Ǽһﲻκԥɾؽ˽飬ʣ󵹸ꡣ
ʱ翹ʵüбǰߵĳǳأָȴ¡֧Ԯû뵽󷽺䣬ĲбضϵΣգʱĴңֻʳˣ;׷۽һͿء
״ǰ緢һ֮ն¶ǧˣ÷ǰǰ̶顣
̼䣬ϼҽ¼˲·ֻʣ¡šǰ֮Ȼȴѣֲʮ㡣
ŷǰš崿ңҲǲʹǰ˵ҪҷͶ
ѩ˽˵˶߱Ǳ¡ŴǿбͶģһʱ֮ûʲôҳ϶ȣľٶ
ȫԼõʱص㣬ʱչжһ󵹸ǰлİϷ
߳һëԪյԼҵĲΪȵȥ¡ŵĲӣ賿ս磬ƽʮּѣʿֶȴʼղ˺󷽵ġʱըԼը
󣬷ǰ󽫹ֱïȻǧƣڲȼŻļͷС˸ţͻ˱ںӰö
ͬʱš崿ҵͷ­ı¶Ľֹ֮ڡ
ַǰëҵĽʿǾս޹ܵ׺ĲѾЩҡ֪ǵıʧܣ˵˵Ľƾͼ֮ߣĻ˼֣
ûĹǣһʧתΪܣϧɢӡ
ΨѼҵѩ˾ԼΪϢŵ²Ҿ֣Ҫ˷Ըϵְ𡣺ߴױ˰٣ˣս⣬ӵҹѾԳð׷١
¡ã죬Ϸģķ
ǰĸ޷أ󳷱ս
ϵܴëԪձȴֲ֪ô졣
Һãڼ￤ɽϢļԪ˵ֶӵǱ¼ŭӵīֽ⣬𵶣˿ǰǰߡ
Ťתơ
·ȷַĴ󲿷ʿԪߣһǳǹĻȥ˵ġ
ëԪæ˵ҲҴһɤˡ
˿¡ȴǵΣ׷ᣬһ·һٶ๫·̣ͷиνҡ
ǰľñص˺öȻԪͷƴϸ첲ն˵зһ佫ʿΪܣ־ɳЭȡôݡ
ַ֮ٴμʿ˾񣬻ƽǰ
°ܵ¡ֻԲӭս
߳˫ȴòſʼ̽Ի
û뵽ָѩȻӵһţ֮ŭѪεǧ˲սҡ
¡Ϊ֪ս׼˻ϽԴԤӳץţͳʹһӴ˾棬ռϷ硣
һ⧲ڣʿֻ跨˳ս
º֪ѩ־ģǴġС
˶ʤֶܣëԪ֯ˣ¡ŵҲ൱أ˫ԼͬϢģ˻غ󷽡


ʮ Ѽҵڷ
˵ˣ׾ǸʣΪŰԵˡܻ֯ųֻһˮŴɽկ汾
ʮǰΪԸԭϵ˷ϳ׵Ĵ㣬ġױ֮䡱ɱͷʬɽѪ档
֮ΪڶҳעӺȰ֮£ļھ棬չ̲ҴɬػԼְۣ̽ƲΧʢʱ󡢷ǰǰʺ󡢷ǰϥƳ˼ʷͼ
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жصʼŷҡ
һŷɣͳ˴¡
ǰѾֺ̼ʹʿ𽥸ı䣬ѽϴתΪ֧ڼҳǷһֱҴšڲڣƣԽʦ˾ԳƣȻ
䳤ͳڽⲢðԸΪеʮֲͷŭ
ǣĴ׼ҡʢȴ׷֧ӦҲͬʱϴ񣬳Ϊ֧ǳ˲һѷ硣Ҳ֪ӾĸıбĿġ
ҳ硪Ȼʱûеĳ̶ȡ
Ȼ򣬡Сֹڴˡ
֧̣ҲͰˡǴǿ֮ˣǾϵõڽ̵İο̲㣬ϻ׷Ѱ˵ĸοС
˵еλݵĴߺϷȢʮҲ¡
ƫƫ˻ζأƻŮ֪ϲСᷳˣҲԸȢɣһ˼լ곤ŮҳŴš
Ѽҵĸ˳ζˣǾݰᦹ˾ŮȻǼΪ֣һǿƹɷΪòᣬŵǽɱǰϺ꾫ֹɱδ侲֮Ҿס顱
ֵôˡ
ҳȫһš
⣬֧ʿǼơɣɣڲҲڶ𣿡Գ羴֮Ϊаħϲ⣬ĲͬᲢۡ
⣬еΪϴ˷˶ⲻ˵СӦȷ֮޵ĸҲеľáҷˣõҲᶯҡСӰ֡
֮ǳòɿͲõˡ
֮ˣϴȰɣȴδõᡣ
һᶨļҳΪסµ֪ڽ̳ٵ飬ڸڳſڼп飬۷塣
ͳǽӹ˼ҶλãͲŶʮͷʲôţƨɵϯûȣסֳ棿˵ͬ·ַһ򣬶˴±˴˽䱸ɭϣϢʿ־ȫޣԼϼҳ£ųط󣬵ǲսˡ
浺ҾáԪɲһˣһʱٵϷͻϮ
ҲԪ׺ò߳ɥ֮ʹӾٲһģ˭֪Ѿʵǲף׾ˣ߲ͨһ
ĹַֻĻǵ²ֻӭսڶľ֧Դ·磬ָһĲ࣬ʧܡ
ҺóҲԪ֪˵׼º·бܽǣԳĹ
ҾȻսĺԶƽ֣ܲӾ׷ֻûضˮ·
ǲ롣
ͬһʱ䣬ǰսϣϽѩյţ֪ڲңܵľ飬˵Լֳɫ֮УѪѣʧȥʶüʱָ֮ӵһ¡żһϵڱʽʤ
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Զھƽ֚˵ǰϢҲû̫⣬޷ŭ;ȣֻЩЦ
ǰ˵֧ҵģҲ˵ɫҵģ֧ͬʱֺɫģǹĻ硣
һʱ䣬ƽ֚ΪǰЭͬѾѲһްѩס棬ֹһĶԼţԱȫѯ֮ϡ
·ַʱֹͣߵƽּطϱߵҰֱڷǰ׼ӦʽĴ󲿶ӡǳҰľ㳤ƣս
֮ǰĽȲˣ˴Ѽ֮⣬˾ʲôҲݲƽϣôҹꡣ
꣬ս


ʮ 
ԴѼڲĻҾ棬ƽ֚Խˡʡ
ʵҲûʲôʵģһĿȻ
ͳֵûǱȽϺϸȻлţǿǰ󾭹˵ˣԴǸɱʾڲǼƣȱԣȴʤѭ浸أϸ丸ģӡ
ζ˵ȮǰǰֵӺݴȣӳºõǣΪңʮּǿֱЩáǿºֶɸŮ˰
ƽ֚൱سԾ
ǲôζ˵ֻǵһμ˸ݽ겵۱ĸ֪Ȯǰ㹻ȥΪ̨
мȾοֲȻʧ
ڴѼҵĴ׼ҺʢСޣǲ̫Ľɫƽڸġսս䤱Ҳҳ˵
Ҳֵѵָߡ
Ψ˴Щ鷳
˼λ£Ŷ̽⣬ػִƴȨʮ꣬ɱľ飬νսöˡƽڸȻϹϾмӣȴʮֵģ˿š
˶һСϲ䣬Ҳ̹Ȼ˽ܴ׼ʼռ˵˴֧֮ΨһӦŷĽɣɣ½Բȡ
֮ƽ֚ɵ֪֧ɵɮһŽȻŴ˵ڶ฾׽ҳ֮ް
ϴɫ򶨻ظ˵ڸȫǲ˽ʵһζִ֮ΨмµĴƸˣſƫͬհ
ƽ֚ʱ˸ۣ˼Щ˶һֱ֧Ľ壬ȫûɱʲô飿
⡭΢ԥһָֻŹ飺żΪ̸ʮãһЩ鲻ԽĺⲢڴˡ
ðɡƽ֚Զˡ
Ҳ֪һ﾿̫ں޳ܣǻѻ˵̫Լˡ
϶Ҫġ
ŲʲôŸС£ؼڲ
иڵ£ټһɮ˱֮ǰܣͶˣסϻˡȻϻ˾͸ʦֻңתƽ֚
ڸ˱㷢һͨٵƢԷûٸʹ·ܡ
оôԼĴӣȫнںȪõҲ˿֧£ɹСֻǰ֪֪ȵĸҡ
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ߵľ㳤һֱ˶ţѰһᣬΪ˵ģй֣㱨ʱҪ˵۲쵽ĵ顣˵Ħʿʮָ߰ʿرߣҾ˫ȫٵаһս
ôһԱȣƽ֚˾ϡ
Ӿ͵󣬼Ȼݵ¡ſȽϺöԸһſ˵
ǣִܡȵأңΪԮǰ߼ᣬҲԪסľ㳤ָӣͳЭʩѹ²ʤɣǧǡ׷ԣעⲻҪ˶ԷҰֶΡ
ǵĵǵҾãʿ˵һǧ֮䣬ߣöԸ
áƺǴҵæƽʺ״ĵֿʱΪʲôִһһصСʵ˷ѽ⡣
ƽ֚챾ֱΪǧԷǰΪĿĵأëԪ˵Ĳಿӡ
·ҪǰǰطóйʯʵĿǰ¡ǽǿѹģڲʮɢȨ̶ȷǳ¡
ӶԱͿó
һʯĴǿԶԱũģҪƴʱ߰ҲûܡضԼжʯҲʮͷı
¡ַֻó˶ǧơ˵ǰǰ֮ڣй˿ڲδͳΡ
Ȼ۸˲ܺ;Ҳ߲ȥԶԶȲϵ򡪡˵ˡ


ʮ жΪʤ
ǰ֮ʱݵľ˱仯
˵ڲ̷ǰĴ崿ҡ֮ѳΪͨСԭ⵽
ͬǣǰս춯󱻹ֱïɱȴΪһЩ֪αͱ¡Žеӳȫ嶼׷
ʲɴȥˡ
ѳؼҶһֱΪѼĴٶڣصźܸߣӰ޴ͬʱڹȥ¼ұٷҴñͷʱθѩ̿Ĺؼ԰˵Ƕɽˡ
ֻҥԣɱʽȻǹؼʱȲ֮٣Ȼʧġ
Ҫ˵ع˺壬¼ҵ״Ҳ
־ƣëԪ˵зڵһǳӣĻפ㲻ǰֱҳȴܷܿؼ꣬ǿõʱ
ƽ֚ԾĿԻı֮󣬴ġһ˳ʣӼҵͶ˵ǰָ֮ʱ˽ģǵʵǳҰĻ㱨֮Ϊǲȷ֤ݡϾ޷粻ˣպϣӽ
أԪֻû̿̬
϶ƿڴˡӸëȹϵǿо֯ôܲأǹҲ簡
κ£òͷ
ֱǱ˶⣬õü˳ĿԼһ衣
޳ܣ
⻰ëԪתһת
˵ڣ붼ҡ
ƽ֚Ҳȷʵдˡ
ǿѹͲָĳÿӿ
ԭʷе°ɣ㼪ͷ߹ٺ»ǲҲûлһҳϣҿƴŷͲѾĲñӡˣɾͽ
Ѯƽ֚ǰ򣬺ƺƵֱȡǰ
¡ңųǰӦԡ
ƽ֚ôѼҵĵس̽Ϣ֪
зֱǰ죻ԿɿǰھУʵͳϽڶҡڵָӹǹֱïܴ¡۲֡
һԳƵ
ؼڷӵͻЧбսЧһı
ǷʩɽһǧͻǰʤáԪӺƵз񡣲֮ɱֻ䣬ȻԶˡ
óܼһǧɱնҵ׺ʵôԡ
Ȼ¼ҵȷ棬֮һİͼ棬ʮּȫ಻סһ׷˹ȥ
Уűǰźõ·
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ȷˣӾͺѾս֮˲Ϣ䣬һ˵Ȼʶų壬˭йôأ
ָӹսܷḻرˣֻǰɽһᡢʤáԪȶɾоԼһƣǿ϶ɱǹϷȫͻ
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·ɻľشȷ棬ʵսʮּң¡
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ǹֱïǼƣ֪µʿǳɢǶ֣ŪһǳɢĶΣŤĵ·ǧ˷Ϊʮÿ֮ٲǰ߹˺ǣǲгˣֻҪûзͲ׷𡣡
ôһٹ̩ǧ챾ȡʤ׾٣̫ϤΣһС꣬һСɽˮȥվ֧ƣӣ뻺һ
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ǰ֮˵ָǳʤͼ桢ľ²ֱųԲطˡû˲ǳʶսǿ¼ĵļҳ
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δʱƽ֚ǰϢ¾ƺҪǰӦͻΧ
Ϊ˾ȼҳգ
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˫ԶԿķΧڿʼ˼ս
ֻºڼ׵¼ҽȻ£ٶԶ˿壬ʳһͳ塣Ȼƽּ챾þսҲ˶䴦·粢ңȴס
ȴ򿪾վǡһ
ٹ̩󲻵òϢԺﾰΪη漴ֱïǼ޿κΡԼһ˶ǿӽӽʱѾ߾ȫ
漴·ʵ⵽ʱΣ֣ڼҳȰ˵½еͶ
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ԼʱңȻһӼҾʿһªİ˸߲Ҵ󺰴еܵƽּұ֮ǰߺڸˣȡ¡֮ܵ׼ǰ
ӶЦսʤˣƾʿߵǰ
ܴԶҲûע⵽ߡ
ƽ֚㻹аٶಽΪӳľԪȻ֪ðθУסߣѯʵӼλͨҲڸǰӡ󡣡
ʿһ£ǿЦЦڵɽԣϼҵˣɱξ΢ǸСˣû˵Ҳ
ţľԪûʲôԣֻʶӦϸһ㣬Ѿóӣ˻ȥ׷ʵս˭£ӳصֱ𣿡
۾תתҵ
ޣԭǡľԪʩһ񣬺ȻӦԣڱƣǧʯ֪УڣΪӼҵļҳУ㾿˭ע⣬пˡ
ͬʱʶ򵶱ȥ
û˵꣬ǸԳӼҳ˿磬ţѸͽľԪƵڵϣ漴˫ִ֧̹ڣʿ֮ǰƽ֚ķҿ
ǰ˽ųȡƽ
һŭȣöƿշɳ
ôԶ˲ִ٣ʲô׼ͷ
һŲ֪ȥˣһŻĿʮԶĵù
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ųðӼҳ͵Ϯƽ֚ܵΨһһ
˶԰ȫش˼һľױʹĿԱЯٲܴҪͨȥӦһȻģ͸ôڵĹ򣬵ʮ͵ķɣȱʶھɱԲɡ
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£һʮҳ˵׼ΪãǼӷֱͻһͨʱ䡣
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ǵǵطŮټ˿ҲŶʮǧ׳ʧǸǶʮ궼ָԪ֡
սһ磬ֱïЭͬһʮʿֻ͵ǰͣԵʮִ󵨡
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ֱïľٶȷʵеţҲ˼ǣõڸԽӼ
ƽ֚ԭˡ
ϾǹͷŴУӦ䳯ʳϾ󻼲ǡ
΢̸䣬Է֣ڸգĵƺôֻǱֱïǿѹţǿ˳Ƴ
ڴ˿ǣƽ֚ı⣬Ц˵˵¼ǴӷǰؿȡֵġǱһ֮ءƻиǧʯʴˡ
Ȼֱïмı飬ڸ˶ʴȣҵ˵ҡ
ҾֻͷһԵţ˫ճȭѹڵذϡ
Źֱïʾ֭ƴԲл͡
̸ǰνս˵û뵽ڸóһǧ˵ľնҼҵķǰϵ˵ʵ
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ƽֻ֚ţһЦ֮
ֱïڸӦûзɷˣʵû취ȥֲࡣ
Ĺѳؼұ¡֮󣬹˺һΪǡԩɱ£Ѷ׷Ͷ
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ǰʵĻ䣬ʬ㱻ϻҢţ˴ӲX塱뱣
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ǼҵճԻֳʮģոԪûҪ׷Σ̳мҵʲô˵ֵǧĳϣǧ˰ʯġ
ʵڵֿĺԱ֮һƽ֚㲢ţݶƽ֮һиڿ˼ҵ֮ǰһֱôġ
ŮӹѾ֣Уʰ꣬м֮ףȴ̲ס׵顣
Ϊʽż֮ƽ֚жҡ
ĿڶԷؾһϮϴŶͣһңҲ֪Ƿĸҳע⵽ˣ֮ڶ˽˵ĳַ羰ֵһԡ
ǰʱ¼ҿµĶڼּ᪹ҸǸɴ࣬ͨ˱⣬Ҳûвսսʱʾ
ҶǡϴȫλˮﻥȺǿóҲûʲôӵ½Ǵֻܲ١
˸Զ˽⣬ڼҪͨ뵺ĺϷóף⵱ȻӦáּغ˽ϵУٷ̬ȿ϶Ҫȡ޵ġ
ԺǾ취ָ˫Ӯһ׬ǮĿׯҲ֪ǱǸʲôûָ̫
˵ƽۿڻܼ׻ϧʱ̫ԣѾˣ֣һٻû벻ʲôʷֵüһġ
˼ȥֻܷԸüҳȥһЩѧߡҽʦҼĳӡ

ʱϾݳҲԪסͳҰľ㳤һֱ뵺Ҿս
Ϥ˵ΣҲ˵ҵʵõԮ֮ڿһսˡ
Ѯԭǣ෬׼䲻ΧסԪĶǧӣջ˵зֿⲢϾˮϵ
ϧڹͨؾѣˡࡣ
պ˫ڸ߹ǸսҾһʹ԰ġҰƲߣ¿ڴ
ȴ֪Ѿȡ˺ܶѵδ˽׷ûƭϵ
Ҿһ·ʱҲû׷ԭ׼Ķһֳס¶˳⵽͹ǧˡ
ƽ֪֚£ʮϲãűãǿ˵˲ΪӪзÿսģʤ֮
˹־ƽϣԭٴս
εҾȻ˸ҰȻûãȥȻҪСܵľ档
û뵽ؼʱɱһ֧вǧŴͳĲͳȥѼҵĽʿȻǾˣ˵зͷĽ쾡ɫ䣬սû·׷Ӵܣܴҡ
ԭǵ룬촿ʿɣûаũӵľСֶѾá
˶ΪһڷʺȴȻ
ĹܵãҲǾһ¡ǴѾеľݵвٱʹʹӰ޷ƽӦս
Ҽֵ棬ָӴŵսļҾΪڣϵĲܲôֱۿɼ϶óʿĳ󣬶ݵûмֵĳ̶ȣʱ˹㷺֮Ϊ򡱡
ͳͱһǧ˳ɢˣܱѾ뱻ҺþӺѩľ㳤ӦԱȽ侲ûȫܡ
Ҳ൱ˡ
ƽ֚˾£Էǰ̤ʺϲ


ʮ 
ɷǰʺ֮ƽ֚ȼĿǰϾΨһһڷҵ硣˾ԻΩ֣һ䣬˵Ǽϼˡ
Ǹдɫʵ佫ǿл֮£þԺѵάҵĴһ뿤Լ嵽ʮʯ
УѺȺ󱻲߷ȫĸӡΪά־棬ֽӡնɱţһʣµĳͬǵĿȰ֮
Ϊ˾Ҹɵ⣬һֹһ治һó顣
ƽ֚ʱ򣬼ѾǸʮͷˣСɱ˫Ŀ񣬿ʮֲۡû˽ܣôҲ벻Ǹ
ϻмǧƣʿ˴ˣȻڵΧ֮ս¡
ֻҪסݣͳһ֮˽ݣôռҾܵԴ˸п˵ЩϵضΧظͬһ仰ȴ룬ܿһĵ
һȷʵԵøǷ۹Զˡ
һԺ˼򵥵ȻĻʮȴǷǳϡȱĸ⡣Ӿ߹ʵ󲿷ֹ˺嶼ûʶͳһ֮ˡʵķΪǰһԼҵΧѼ£ȵܵңڵʵۡ
Ϊ仰ƽ֚⿪һ¶
ľǣտڵأҶİ£ڵķǷռΪһż̡רעڽ֮£һ߼һ赶Ūǹе׽ʿзΪ´ĳӣת⵽ضȥ
ǰĹ滮Ҫò٣ʵȻǷǳĴԭƽ֚ڽʿʮ־衣
ͷ۵ľǸǿ׼ҡ
ռҵ˱鸴ӣ˵ⲻ⣬Ψм˸ƴЦȫչԻԺ󽫻ǣûйȸУԷȥˡ

ȥϣƽ֪֚ѾڷʺϲˮٶԴʱˣ롢ҾҲϵˡ
Ҳ˵شַּ֮б׼ַս
һ㵨ӵ˼ûУڳӲӲ̬
ʱƽ֚ߵľȻңǰսһЩ𣬵ֽյ㹻ĺԮ
ڳսһֱûõĻᣬռḶܱ́Խࡣ
һʿߣ̫ԱũǳĲԡ
ʤԱĴ˵ֵһҫԵ˵˾ռߣϰΪ
ͬˣ¼ȴƺǲͬ
ֱ۵ľǣƽ֚㵽Ͼݺü죬Ȼʼûκι˺ͶһûС
Ϊҵͳ𣿻˵Ǿ߱ȡʤţ
òǶ˵˵ȻϸТʮȫĽ
Ȳɷϣõǳ˵ã˵˸·ǳϰʱ˫оƫСͬʱãΪԶߡֻƬвڲǱìܣȻؼ赼ѹơ
ȻǼϸΪˣ˫Ķ֪ıĵܼҾãʤľսʮھݵǳʤܵĴʣֻ־յʿŷɥĶӡͳĲҰܾʵ
ĸص㲻ͬγɻ˲ţͬһʱ䵮Ϊֵܡóڼڶ֮зֵ⣬û̫磬άŸЧĺ治˼顣
϶ǿҲʤë˵ں֮ϡ
Ͼݻһݺӵ
Ǿǣǰڴ֮ƬصİȨʼûƿأֻڲ֧ͬϵתѡ
ʱ俪֦ɢҶһӴԾʹõֵķּҾʮֵʮ˵Ͼκһݵˣܷ֣ҪôǴӵҵϵзֻģҪôȢ˵ҵŮ֮󷢼ġ
ΪʲôʿرأܾΪ֦Ҷïڶ࣬кܵʿȴּ̳в֪أΨлսƾǹˡ
һһƬƫԶϼ꣬γɵĹǺεȿ¡ֵǽڲȥһ£һһžͻͬĹˡ
ϸТĳ
ƽ֚㲻òΪ֮˼
֮ǰǰսȡ¼ҵʮͶٶҳ͵ѾǴݻϵζ˸ôö
ԵǵնɱˣſϾݵӰ
ôʵеòʧ̫鷳̫ˣʹ˰ɡԭʷϵķ᳼㼪´ҿ˵ôġ
Ӿ½ǶȽҺѶԸȴҲǶԸˣϾޣʮһصĳ־սϲ硣
Ǳأ
ַĿģֶֻΡĿΪȹƣƽĻĿԵˮɹ䡣ʤȴսǰӲȣԸΥ
ڲôȶ
ʵϣۿȥ֧֮֮ͬǺܼҵġֱʮǰ֮˻˺ܴȥ򣬻ֵ𱰣ÿּҵĵλȨΪչ»
ƽ֚ãиɻ


ʮһ Īڴ
˼ǵ򣬸Ͼˮϵĥƽַ֚뵺õӱֶš
ǰʮˮȫκ֪һֱûǱˡͬʱˮļиߵڶҲΪѣաҲѹֶԷҪѡзսˡ
ںޣҾڰϷĻƽֵʿͿȽĻ
һٲҵľ룬պþ󲿷ֵĹӡڶʹãͲȴɿԷӳȫ
Ҳûɽӣϸ˵˼ҲɣйӴءǾڵıһ㶼ֻͣڲ㣬ֿھĴһ
ƽ֚ǰǰһݡ޸ͷʮŵڣмǧأҪװӣţأϲɽ·ʹҪһʮæҡҲܾˣʱеضɽҡƣʲôʿһΪţȫʬ治ʯͷǽϣҲҳۿɼĴӡ
ǲС
ڳԣһֶٽأڳȣھһҵСڣĻֻ֮һĸδ˨ŪⵣͿԿߣٻܵ谭Ч̻̣ʯƹ½պܴڴΧӵΰսѾá
ʵģڷɣѾǡͲˡ
ݣ챾ӴˡʮţͲʮ֧øźӰõһ½˵ġ顱
浹Ҳ
ƽ֚ʾݵصġ·жٴͻõĴ˵硣ţͷ졣ó˵ĵ˵ֱƾ۲϶ԷоŻڿɿӵЧ߸ӦͨϵġͲС߳ɵ
˽һʱͬ⡰š֣ǡ͡
ƽּйٷϿɵıȨʿʵǽ︶ΣΪзġhСһ㲻ǰߴ̡
֮ܶԶ̴ַ߷֮һңźӶ϶ǴԿһ
ƽ֚״ЦŸ߽ǣÿɶʮ˵ɱˣôպ󣬵зԼ˰ɣ
Ȼ϶ҳΪսģվսĥôҾ޿ܳ׷סҵʵصŶɹȥܷᡣ
زӣֻʿЯƺȷʵֵóԡ
εĳԶûгɹ
ҵڶɺӵĵص㣬еСֶѲأһ˵Ĺģֳսǿȫܵסǧ˵Ľ
ⲫشʿ·磬ΨбƲſսɢ֮ȫǶ֡
һĻл᲻Ѳضӵע⽻ս͵͵Ǳȥ
˵ķǡĦ˱Խ󡢼쳵ʿ׺бй֮䣬Ψƽڸߵ챾սʤ֮
ȻǺԵĿ׻
ƽּҵ챾ֻ˵ƽԭкƣַӳƵºɢ°вı±֮ԽɼȻ㣬Ӳܱȵùˡ
СģսʿǾԵģƽ֚һϵŬԼ챾ⷽ泬Խ˰˾ųɵġͬСôطĻڹ죬Գ֮
ԣƣҴھռȫϷ磬Ҫ½ӰȻǳѡ
ƽ֚ʿŽ̬׼˴ĸ豸ж
αְڴҪսϡ
˼Ǹ֮ʱɴֻһǧңˮɵĺĦķΧסʵʵҵĹʱ䣬ݻȫֿ
´󲿷ִֻǰ̰״̬ûʲôսֻܳе񣬴δбΧľ飬׾ͱ塣
һֺ˴ЭëԪһʿƹ˴ؾֱǰĦ·ƻڣ˳һѵס
һֺĵȥװϴսܺʣ»սĶ飬ͬƿʵķȥͬǵҵĺͳ
ͬʱɽʢǧɽϤ᫵εľƣڼṩġ·£ƿĥ򣬴˼رԵܹȥĿֱвзӵĲߡ
˵Ƕ·ؾȡֻڸ²õóĲԣҲǸõĲԡ
ԸëҲͬƽ֚㲢ָʽϮõұдĽṹôɢ
ַضսҲȫһ㹻ȻȱϵһֱֻǴСԭǵѡ
ûʤսͬ¡һս
ΪֵֹüǿӲֲȽĵңֵĳôأ
ƽ֚Щìܡ
һ·ôûκһ˾ϲʱ̲ס룬ëԪ͡ɼǫšϿţ᲻ȫһأ
ȴл۷ڵģ᲻һ˸еȤʹ̼Ļ
Եһ˺
ȴϸԼҪ̫߰ˣƽӹ򵥵ӮÿһսõĽ֡
ǵģĪڴµôСƨŻе


ʮ Ȼ˵ĵо
뱾˵ϸ̸оƽ֚㷢һڲܴڵ⡣
Ҳûʲô֮뵽ġͷڲ
Ϊ֪ġֵܡ֮УϴΪҶᣬ϶ǰԺյսΪҰȡ˴أʯ֮ࣻøںڲϻԾҪСһЩȥҲõ绢ӳǣӽʯĶͣΨļҾãδĦڳǵݷס֪Ҳֻһǧʯĳ̶ȣ֮ǰԶ
ΪİܣҲеҪָ񣬵λʹϣȴڵ廢ҳ֮
ֻ۹ܵĻ˿ҾҲǰһ
Ϊܵ˿أѵǵƫ
Ȼᡣ
һƫĵôܽͳһϾݵĹҵ
˽ļĽǣ֧ϵڶ࣬ҳȫһڣһƾʲôеĸеĵأֻͨǳϸؽ򣬲ķڷ
ȨֵܶϴҶõ׶ӣá롢ýΪ˳ĵӡҾõĸȴֻǸݵ΢檣λĲҶ㲻ϡ
𱰷Ĺ۵㣬Ȼܵڲӡ
óȻ̫ͣͿĲ
Ħҵġйڴˡ
ΪһԽߣһִˣáΨǾ٣۹͡쾭ĹءʵʲȫʵʩٱҪ̬
ʮ͵ķɣرڷΪͳؾɵľݵ۵ǽȻͬġ
ƽ֚һݻ
˵ǵҵļʮ߲Աһȥѡʱò֪ĸԺȻ˵һ䣺븸ĸѪͳµ̲ܼ̳кѪͳǿ׳ĸĻȫСȻϴ˵ĻȷʵˣΪܽעġͬǣ˵Ĳܸʶʲôĳͨڷѧϰǿ󡣡
ȼ²鹹ġ
ôֵ˼ˡҶ˵˼ϸоΪʲôҪ˵ԻӰŽĻأ
ֻΪڳ˫ɣڳĳЩŵڿڵͷ˵õüһһҾó
͸ӷ˵ڲĺӣжôˣ
õҾϻһ˼ʹϵ
ƽ֚ӴΪѵҲһܻᱻΪǡݻĺϷ
һ֮ģڻԱʱ
ۼǰս£һȽľ㳤Ȼ֪֮̾һ֮ӣʯ֪У豱˿ְȴսܣиа
ľذο˵ʵڹǿݺݶ꣬θѡҲԲܵУΨڸܶԸҵȲΪ˸е
ٹ̩ͷǰһֱνʤǴģԽ˴ҲûжѶԸ񣨼Ҿã¼֪ȷʵ졣
ǿ޽ܰڲ࣬ЦԻʵʮǰδʱѧϰգеʦͽԵ֡
ԽԾ׷ױʾ𾴡Ԫά¾Ȼȸͽ˵ʫ֮лȡ˾ѧС
ҵҵܰǫ䣬ֵʵ񣨼Ҿãδֹ֪ǧʯ֮ⷽ潲λǶԶԶԽ
ʲôٹ̩ʧҵٺ»Ȼı̫˼ˣôǿ佫Ŷǧʯֻʯ
ʱƽ߽֚ҳĻЦ˵ǫǧʯӦǵң˵ͷһģҲôܰĻתһ£λͽֵʮ֪У
Լҳɫ죬ۼ֮⣬ȴû˾˵òԡ
²Ըͱ֮˴˳ȥ
ܲܵԷӪУȴ˵

ȫˣôܣȷûп
֮ڳ緹ƽ֚û뵽ϲô죬е㻳ԼĶ䡣
ȷ˵ǳ˼滹һЩرĶˡβɫʮ侲ϽĴǣں̫ɣ԰˶ˣʣһʱ޷̽ʿ뿪ĺۼ̫ˣŪ
𡭡
ƽ֚˼
ûãָڱ곣Ҳǰ˵԰Ӧ̫ȫûκλػƺ˿Ӫһ㡣
ʱңһ֧̽ԵСֶضɿڴ񷤸ţ˳ɺӳɹδܵκ谭оһһ䡣
кǧ˸ϣ԰ȻĽǷԲȷʵӰ˼ڻפأ䣬ֻҪԶͲᱻ׷
ƽ֚ȻЩģ֪Ƿǵõյ֮ƣɶȻϸǰ
ǻһչ򣬽˶ɹȥ鷶Χ󵽼ȷϣԷȷʵǾ룬ֻʣ˼ǵıˡ
жϣӦǰһͿʼ½֮ǰ󲿷ֶߵˡӦҹȥ
ڸźȲһֱڶϲŷ֡ϰŵֵԱĶֻڷԷͻϮ۲춯
˷ѽˡ
ѵǺ󷽱𶯶ϮŵòȣȥԮˣ
ҲֻӦ÷ֳ˰ôֱȫתأ񲻵ǷҪսȥҪս
֪ڡ
ĥϰ˼еǻЩأֻǵĹģ֪ܳǧɧŲãǣƵס
ĪǳܲסյڻȺˣ
ˡ
һûߵĵλǱȽϸӵģߵʹ䲻ƽҲƵϣȫû׼ֻǿıȽ϶ķ򣬱۾ƾÿ켸ٷȥ˲ʮˣҪ죬ϵġ
ʿرں֮ڱôпܣѪǿ
˵ǹõġҰƲ߰ˡ
ֻƲҪɹҪǡթܡڱкǿԻԣװʧɢһƭˡ
㻹ûʽ򣬾ͺȻȫͷܣκνֻ÷߽ģôϵء
ȵȣѵʲȡʱȥҪսߣ
΢
֮һˣԵ˷룬׽͸
ôԲˡ
ƽ֚׼˲ΪӪı׵ĴҲȥ׷飬ֻȥ֪ͨĦ硢صı𶯶ӣǵ֪٣ҪСľ衣
ԼˣֳΧ˼ǡںϰפأȥĵˡ
Ҳֻ֪ԵֶΣûС


ʮ պͻΧ
ڶճرҵƺûͬɢɺܶ飬Ǳ·ǰĦ硢ȳȷ
Դƽ֚֮רĽǰ⡣
Ѿ֪ͨ˸𶯶СĽͷûе̨޷ңָӣҲá
һ̽ڻ£֧챾˼£Щͻ裬հⲫʧ˻
ս֮дԼһǧؾ֣дʿıңͳ١ôչƳսӦǧǧ֮䡣
м佫ۿڳͷָӡòơӡȫԵϣǸ˳Ħ֧ˣҿ;òӰߡ
ƽ֚һȤ
ܶԷǳʲôĿʲôԭͻȻıսǶ޹ؽҪֻҪֵ֪ܵʢļһѾ֮㹻ˣ
ˣݵ
ƽڸ۷ľ̨ǧಽԶԶۿս֣֪ǡʯӡô
һգֹȻͬ졣
֪ʮͷɣڵľ¿Ƽǲ̫ģӱδ󲿷˻ʶͺͱϵҪԡû佫ˡƽ̫͡ƽǡ֮ѧƷӰ죬ֻ֪һζƳսĳ档
Խɼǳ֮սĴҲֻϲָӹپһսսʶײ㽫ʿȻͻͽΪɼΣɲ㡣
Ƚεǣװ֯ȵĲ㣬;ȻһδؾͿ϶ù߶ʮһһսʱڿɲ٣˵ǡʱľԡ˵ʷչġ
ͻͽķ⽨ʿҪŻķչƹ㣬Լӵְҵ̭
Ǹ׶ԭΪҲ֡ͳʿ磬²ӱֵʮмԡ
ǹضɽҡִʯϣҳһСӶεӲµڵؾǳסúòڹºһ·ǽԫûƵġ
ľʿͼڻӽ֮ʱǽͺȻڶӰʮʮľ֮ϣϰ
ò˳嵽ǰ׼ǳǣгؾϷֳǶ⴦ųǹ󵶵ֵߡǰıˣ˵˸ϲ䣬ֲȱڡ
Ҳͼǽըҩģһһ̽ͷĹֽɱӸֻʮľ룬ɣʸ׳صȱ㷴ŵ㣬ᴩƬǿ
ʱǵȻҲ᲻ɷ˵ļ䣬Ȼؾʿһ֮󲻹вУ㵽ǽžκޱҪðա
һս޹ʿȴھǹʱ˼ڵʿѸȥҰ֮ڡ
У˲ϷáøֲͬƵԻʺؾŮԼһ˵˾㲻ܼҲ̲סǡչɤȫʯ󺣣һ㷴Ӧû
Ȼ˼ʿ㣬־ᶨûҪ˷ѿˮ
ƽ֚Զп紦ӣãнֹʿѾÿںźͺά֡Ҽҵ챾ũ꼯ѵҲÿӶ̶ܵȡ
ϸТȴҡͷڸж챾⣨룩½һǧױѵأɵۣ
ƽ֚ЦЦÿɷ湥˼ǻѶȰҶԷ㣬ȥܻлᡣտʼһھصƻˮֶΰɡҪȻˮˣĥˮȵƵּ̫࣬ȫʺϡ
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⼸սƽ־۵ĹǾԽԽġܵ˵ûʲôȡ֮Ψж㹤̣ߣĥؾս
˿Ҳһ
ڶաƽ֚Ŀ²ӸֲͨͬԳǽ£Ȼǹɳϵṩѹ֧Ԯ
ȻûʲôʵͻƣоãؾƣӦ޷ݴ͡
ҹ仹Сɹģ͵ϮָһУҪĵзѡȻΧĸ־Ҳ١
°˷ֹ֮Ѿϡ֮ʱˣƽ̧֚ͷųյҹհȻ硣
ȻѾ׵ķʽ˷ԸͲٹڵǡ¹ȻΥ㵼ʧĿԣǰǵģԤ輸رջƵĻȻܽս͵ġ
ЧʵһˣǮ࣬÷
ܲԼԼƳɾϹѵɡ
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û뵽Žδ賿ʱ֣ƽ֚ͱҳѣȻۣΧȫһı顣
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Թһ㰲βԼϸТŵ˲ŷ׷׸֪ͨ
һ¾նףƽ֚Ȼһ漴ǰ׵գҡͷ񶨣ڴˣһ˵ϮʲôֵעӦϵĿԣؿ⼯Χ£˸Ҫĵط
βʾһҹ˳ֵʱûзκδģоĺۼҲ澯䡣
ƽ֚ͷ龭΢ļְܿ
˯û˯ˣȻеû
ԵԱǰȥ˽ƣȻżף⡣
ϧɵһƬԶվڸ̨ϣȻʲô塣
Լһӣ˻ر
˵δӵ£Ԥԭפλãû˽ж˿δҡȻȥ뱾Զúܣ޴漣Ŀԡ
ĿǰɲšɽһлңӰ첻
ƽֻ֚áһоաΪܺáˡţս
㣬ʱɵ˲Ƭ̡
ɫдʱŻȫʱΧ˵ǳصĵˡ
Ȼ
ֹһӣһصر˵ɲšɽһû׷ѾﵽһλֹԪһɫ嶨ĲӣͷԽԽˡ
ûԴӦ˲һˣԪļҳԳơرΧأȴͻȻ⵽֪ô¡
ƽ֚ü⣬߶֣һ֮ǰŵĲͼŻȻʡǱֱŶϵķͻΧȥģ
ȲҪ㡰նסսҲǡӦϡ
˵ͨˣǰ浺ȫ룬һƫƫѵΪȻͻΧȥ
澿Щʲô
ô˵ΧסǧͻΧɹҲ̫ˣ뾡ֹ
Ȼһ㹦򣬵ƽ֚Ӿ񣬷ʩʼΧˡ


ʮ ׷Ϻ
ɫѾˡһƬž֮Уƽ֚ĬĬеǧͲ·ָʾ
⣨룩ƺѾɹͻơðҼβ׷ƺ½أ
ҼҳԴϲȻȥ
Դ賿ʱִ̫ٲӦŲССʧ
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һӺڼʿֹʱۣͬĥļһѸͱۣѸ˾
֮¡Ԫ߼µʿԵ÷ǳٶۻˡ
֮ʱչʾһҪսѵȵֵ÷ǳԡ
˸еοǣΪԤӵİҼԼͬٶ׷ȥδȵ
⻹ԼһǧΪУ·˹ȥ
Ƿɣʷϣһ˽רҵĳѲ֯ʹáǰشȻҲͻսʱʿͶսͽиպȫ޼֯ԡ
ƽ֚Ҳ⼸ͷԽԽԣڵ齨ȫµӡ
һһǧˣȫְҵʿճѵ϶ȹ˴֮ʮϤ¼ϵȫ˱Ϊеķ⽨ԪءͬʱΪά֧飬۷һǧ٣߰ƥźţڲҪ㡣
ڱڡڡһֱò浶ǹĻᣬҪ̶ܴӵãѶʱȥոһ¡
˽·ǲܹ֮ڵĻ˵ǡ
һ챾ӵƺһʮ͸㶨ˡһƥսԵĺʮᣬǿһһٹҲǳ£мСڸϲЩƷӽĸͷǲΪޣ޷ýǮ
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ˡ
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أ
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Ȼֹһʱ磬һй˴׼˵ֵһĵԱ
緹׼ش·ƽˣȴȻҼΡľԪ۷ӡ֪˲⣬׽ס˴㡣
Ϣֻǡ׷
Щҳеǣƽ֚㲻ÿɷ񣬵Ų˵һô󹦷ѵΪһǧ˵׷˵ȫǵòʧ
յϢδʱ̴ء
һȲʮƽ˶ɹС֮У˲ĶˣҼκľԪһ󡣵ȵǽ֧Ϻ׷ȥÿ߲ˣڳǵ
ֻ˶̾Ϣ
ƽ֚ɫ̫ãҲûּҳ
ĻԹԼ賿ֳؾ춯ʱڱأǷֹͻϮӦϣûϵͻΧ
Ȼʵڳ˵
ԼһʱңһױҴҸϻ˵ľλѺŵˣϾ͵
˼ȾϲԻ󡪡˵ǼһӽڳôֱץˣܲǳǽӸ̤˰ɣ


ʮ ѵǻ
¡󹦡ܵȺŹص̴ľԪʮԻ󲻽ģ֪ôӦЩۺͼʵ
ʱ֮ǰҼһͬսظɵ˵ҵһϺʿȴؿŵзӽһСģΣ˳š
Ͳһʱ䣬һ
Ȼвʿȴװǰȫκβ˰ľʯǽԫ
ľԪźᣬգ˱ɱΣգʮԶָſŭ˭˲֪ƽڸһɨߵ֮֮Ħ֪Сѻʯ۵ʵڿЦʶʱ֪жףԲʧʯ֮⡣翹˼ڸģٳ֣֮
ûȹϵ񫡣
ЩľԪһְֱɱ󽫴ƸΪ˾ƴ󽫣֪һǧʯָˣԼҲ˵ʲôѫδǣΨûʣָ¹ΪĻˮƽͻͽһǧˡ߳ࡱ֮Ҳ
˭뵽ǰǸֶʶüİäأ
ȻڲôǣҲûָһϯ˹ֶսԷġ
ҼһǸֻ֪ʵսˣľԪ㷢һŭͷɥ׼ȥ
ȴ
ͷˬһЦźػһź׵佫Ȼݲȸ֪ƽڸպգ赲κ˵ֳ޷ǰˣֻʣһˣ֪ڸн㲻ԥˣͼݶλǰȥɣ
һǵ룬Ǻˣ
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ҼĿ࣬ǰɲ
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Ƭ֮ľԪô֣ŭڵ̬ǰĵ󸿣Ѻͻȥ
϶Է˿Ϊ⣬ʵʵʮϣһ㶼ʼչ׽͸΢Ц顣
ȭͷ
κθող˵ʲôжףԲʧʯ֮⡱ܲԼԼɣҪҲô졭
ϸһ룬νʯ֮⡱ȫǵʱͷſںߵģȸĳŵ
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ľԪȻǰƺƵҫúܣһ·ȴǸֹ죬ûʲô˵˼
ҼҲüκνҵϲɫ
Ǳ󸿿Ѻĵ룬ʮֵʡ
治֪˭ʤˣ˭ˡ

ڵоʣƽ֚ľԪҼνǰ󾭹Լٽ˰ѵɰ󣬴ϲ裬Цӭ
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ȿȡûʲôһˮǺԣᶼ̲סҪǱ
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𣿡ƽ֚Բţҡͷʣθⷨ˵
ġĿֳʹ֮ɫ̾ʱĥڸţѾʮַ˵󵽴Ϯǳ׻Ҳˣ֮ʱֵ޷һ£˴˵ʵ̸£ԻΪ㣬ֵˣ
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Ƭ̺󣬵֪Ψܽ߾¶²㷽ʧܣܹ죿
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⼸δʽĴʩϸд飬ڰƽ⣬ȻĿ򵱵صоּԴΪǵҪ
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ڰʮ죬̨Ķ£˰ʮؽ˻֣
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ʱֵܷĿľ档
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