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1 
ٳǣλ
ٳǣңķ
ǿԶ
һǰ仰ٳǣС֪
仰Ϊҳһţԡ
̤Ϊ쾳ߣΪߣʮΪߣʮͻ쾳磬Ϊ쾳ǿߡ
Ҫ֪ٳǣ쾳ǿǺܶࡣǶٳǵļڣ쾳ǿҲʮҡ
һʮǿ֣߳ٳǱȻġ
ھʮʱ򣬱ɹĽѧԺ֮һѧԺѧϰҲٳǣʮΨһһѧԺߡ
ʱ򣬾ԵĹԣҫٳǣǾҵҫÿһӵÿչߡȻֻʮ꣬ǾԵʱѾǶٳߵİ
ǣһǰȴѧԺ𣬲òصڡ
ѧԺȴǿɲϢһԼٳǵЦžңΪ˲෹ЦĶ
Աԭȴĵ䡣
ûѧԺʱ䣬Ե磬ûмڵ䣬쾳磬ֱӵΪ쾳硣
ֻһʼһʱÿһµʱ䣬Եͻһ㡣ڣֻʣ쾳Ϊˡ
ڸջصʱ򣬾ҵĸ߲רΪٿλ飬ҪҵԾԭ򣬿ȴûгɹҺķ˴ԴҲ޷ֹĵ䣬ֻܷ
ھᵽԣһصε̾Ϣ
ҫǣȴ䵽ʽĵز
լԺһԺڣԾס
ԹʶĿʱÿ춼оҵߣСԺݷþԡڣԺһƬţƺӰӡ
ڣڴ֮ϡ

ո˹һľԣ۾һĨЦֳ
ҡҡͷոԪϾͻʧӰ٣ʲôطأ
Ҳεĺܡ
Լÿ˹ҲԪÿβԪ˹ļʱڣʧӰ٣ͺδֹһ㡣
˹ǲԪȻԪڡԪԽԽ࣬ҲǾԵ壬ͺһƿӵײһҲ治סԪˡԪŵ
ԼҲ֪ʲôԭ
ѧԺĵ£ʱ򣬾Իû̫⣬ڼʱﾳ䵽죬Ծ֪Լˡ
ѰǾִ䣬ԱˣǾûУδͷ㾳粻ϵĵ䣬ȻÿռÿԪֻܱʱ䣬Ҳиһ졣
ѵĻͨ𣿡Կ˿ĺɫٵʣҲţһģػ۷塣
վ΢һ˹
ʱˮţҹɫɢ
һҹʱ䣬Խת죬ٵԪ
ʧʧ
չͬʱĬĬš
һоոԪԾ˵ٶʧٴεҡҡͷʵҲ֪ԪɢĿԺܵͣÿһ˹󣬾ԶԼһϣ
ϣһδȻһδβܶʼ
ţ
ھ׼Ժлǵʱ΢΢һ˲ͬѰһָоһԪɢƺȫͬġ
ô£
ԵĿָܿϴŵһöָ֮ϡ
öָǬ䣬һǮԵүүġԵүү죬ǰǾҵļһǰȥȥʱԾھߣֽǬ佻ԣҪر׵ԲʧȻû˵öָʲô壬Ǿȴ֪öǬ伫Ҫ
ԣڵõǬ󣬾ԴδǬָ۳Է˯һֱš
öǬ䵽кҲδֹʲô쳣ı仯
ʱ˿̣Ǭϣȴ΢΢һɫĹΡ
Ϊָûֱ仯Ծ΢΢üĶǬ䡣ܴǬϣоһɵȡ
ʱȵĸоͣƸڼȵĸоȴ龰ԵȫָɢɫΣûʧļ󣬶෴ԽԽʢ


2 ߴ
ô£
һæ߶ԪҪľȻϵ䣬ɴʱȻΪԪƵġǵŬҪԪ߶ʱ֣ԼԪȻɫâֱ̳ԡ
һ㣬΢΢Щˡ־ģͨδ֪Ķ
ʱ˿̣ȫԼȫɫâǺȻ΢΢ЩţǾȻܱ侲ΪĿǰΪֹɫâûж˺˽Լ߶Ԫ̳յһ㡣
䣡
ھͷת˼ôʱͻȻһɿµ͵žԵԺȥ
˲䣬ȫҺ͸ɿµӿ뾰ԵԺ˺ѷΰʹ·ҪԵԴ˺ѿʹ࣬·һܵġ
Ǿԣҧÿ죬촽ҧѪ
ʹĿ죬ȥҲ졣Լʱ䣬ʹͺˮһɢת۾Ӱ١
Կ˿Լķ䣬ʱǬɢɫҲͬʧˣͺδֹ
ѵҲ˻þ
ЩȷԼղżĺᵽĵǲˣֻɣͱԼԺзֵĶ
ʲôôҵԺԵɴ۾
ԺжĶͺһּ䣬ⲿּ䣬ԿȷԲġֻǣⲿּ䣬ƺѾԼļںϵһ
ǣҪⲿּʱЩ㱣ͺһ鷢˺ܳʱ䣬Щģôеĸо
ȻܿⲿּϸģģģҲһ֡
һ񹦣
յĲּУ⼸֡
ԣСһڵľ磬һ֡ʱһھԵı
ȫһɫҲ֮һס
Ϊû뵽ԼķڣȻһˣ֪ʲôʱԼġ
Կȷһ£Լķ䷿źʹһֱûд򿪡ڵľǵ˺ܶ࣬ҪԼķ䣬Ҳ򿪷ŻߴһŻߴ򿪣ԾԲ֪
ôˣôģ
ৣ
ԣ漴һתȻһ߾ȫԼƽ
һתͿһ׷ߣϴЦݣĿⶢԼ
ʲôˣŰ׷ߣʶߣƺڣҲûһλ
˵ͬʱԾͰҪ̽׷ߵʵȴûκջҲ˵Ҫô׷ͨˣҪôǾﵽ˺ܸߵĳ̶ȣ޷
Ҫ֪֮ǰҲ̤쾳磬ΪǿģҪǰǾԲһܹġ
ٺ٣ҪţСһҶûж⡣׷Ц˵ҽˮԽˮҲԽǰڳƺ˼Ҳ⡣
ҵˮָָϴŵĽָ
ʵֻʣһƻǣҵĻǣһֱöǬڡ˵ҲСһǬķӡȻһ֪Ҫ˯ʲôʱۣĿã˼ԺͿԳ͸͸ˡˮ˵ܡ
ҴǬķӡ΢΢һ㶡
ԵүүеõǬʱʵһָоöǬ䲻򵥣û뵽һöӡĽָ
λˮ˵ΪԼǬķӡԸղǬϲųɫĹΡ
ô
ԼԺжĶҲӦǬԼġ
ԣȷʵǬķӡҪ򿪷ӡҪһЩһʱ䣬㲻ϵĸǬעԪŽӡ򿪡ˮ۾˵
ʲô
ѵҵľ粻ϵ䣬Ϊöָԭͷǳϻۣ뵽ԼĪԭˣŭĿˮ
ҪĽָԼԪԼô侳磬ôᱻѧԺԼ䵽־ȻȫΪһöָ
ͷһ̾ȫˣԼ翪ʼ䣬ȷʵΪүүеõöǬֻ֮ΪԴδɹһöָԼԪԸûнԭǬȥ롣
СһߴˡҲעģǬķӡɲһܴ򿪵ģ㼫临ӵȲ˵ֻҪ֪ߴˡˮգ۾˵
ߴˣϢһ˷ֻۣʣΪȻ˵ߴˣ


3 һ
ʮ̤֮ʮѧԺ֮һѧԺҫۣ
ΪһöùָԼľ粻ϵ䣬Ϊ΢־ᶨ˾飬ͷˡ
ڣǰλˮͷȻ˵Լߴˣ˴Ӻζ
ΪԷأԶһȹȥĳ嶯ˡ
ȻˮԵɫÿЦЦСһȲҪż֪öǬ
Ǭֻ֪үүҵүүҪСıܡԿ˿ָϴŵĽָ֪Լòýָ
ˮĻпǬķӡѾ򿪣Ҳ˵ָ㹻ԪԺӦòҪԼڵԪôԼ½
ָȷʵүүģöָɲô򵥡ˮ۾˵
ǬָʲôԶԽָʵǺܸȤҵԼԭ飬ץʱ
ǰλˮƺΪȻԼһڽָڡǰһǷǳǿߡ
ǧǰöָˣң
ңǧǰƬ½ĵһǿߡˮ΢΢Ц˵
ʲôԣͫһ΢΢һ㶡
һʱ䣬ûзӦ
ǰˮ˵ǣǧǰƬ½ĵһǿߣʲô
Ԫ½Ӵ󣿾Դû˵ܽ½һ顣˵һ½Ҳûмһɣ
˵Ԫ½ϣһоʮŸֻкͨһһǿߣݣҲ˾̾Ľˡô½һǿߣ׵жǿ
ȻˣǧǰȻöָˣҲöָˡҵõöָҲõ˽ָصĹǸղӴֹˮžԣЩ꣬¡
һ񹦣գգ۾
ӴϢģֻԼĪݣһ񹦡⼸֣ͼЩϢ֮С
ԣˮͷһּΪ񹦣Ҳ֪ȫֹΪﵽľ硣ҿȷֻҪһ񹦵ǰأ̤½۷塣ΪҾعΪ½һǿߵġ
Լܸо⹦غٻأࡣˮĿ¶֮ɫ
ЩڲҪֻ֪Ҫ֪ѾõֹҲ˵˳Ϊ½һǿߵǱ
֮ǧǵһǬӡˡöָһ֪˶֣֮Ǵûܴ򿪷ӡоͰүү졣ˮЩп
ţ
԰㲻˵һֱڳ˯֮Уô֪үүͻȻ뵽ղˮ˵Լ򿪽ָӡŽѡ
ЦȻڻ˯Уⲻ˵Ҷ緢֪ҳ˯ʱҲԱĸӦ淢顣ˮžԷ˷ۡ
СһЩˣõץʱ԰ɡұ֤ϲġ˵ţˮʧھǰ
ˮֻһ꣬ûи߾ԣһ꣬ʵʱ޿̲ɢΪǬһ꣬ɢˡȻǬĹЧҲֻӻɢٶȣһ죬᳹ʧ֮䡣
ˮʧǰ󣬾Կ˿䣬ȻҲˮټֿ˿еǬ䣬ˮӦǻصǬ֮ڡ
Բ֪ˮ˵ǲģǲ֪ΪΣˮûƭȻˮƭҲûа취Ǭȷʵ˹ڹѾա
΢󣬾Ծͳ񣬳תոյõĲһ񹦡Ķ٣Ŭ󣬻ǿĿת
䣡
һתԵһΪ΢תڵԪͺڵĿˮһӿԲһ㹦ġ
֮ǰĹѾǱȽϲˣǹոյõĲһȣֱ
ʱ䣬Ծ͸оԼ´ıݣҲ˵첻Զˡ
Сʱת󣬾ͣ
۾Ŀ˷ܵĹУЩĸп֮⡣
˷ܣΪֹȷʵǿޱȣʹֹĽٶȣֱˡпΪȴһöʯûˡһЩʯԾԼһ֮ھͻص쾳硣
һȻǿҲƽ޹ʵıԪҪԴṩԪ
ʯأ
΢΢ҡҡͷ
үүʱȥүүҪʯ񡭡
Ȼһ峤ӣڼڵĵλѾˡǰ죬нϳլԺ£ѴӼ屦ڵõԴ


4 
ʯԴ֮ǰʹõǿջˡΪľ̫࣬ԼΪҪʹôõ
εõʯأҪ콫Ҫʯɲ١ü˼š

뵱ҼûΪԴȴһöʯѵõԸ̾΢΢ҡҡͷ
ˣǼÿһεʵ顣κβļӵܣܵõһЩԴţһβ飬ҲμӰɡ΢΢һ
Ȼ˵ΪõԴ̫࣬СҲ⣬˷ˡ
һҹʱ䣬ת˲
ڶ˵ңԾá
ʱڣѾвټԱˡÿһεʵ飬һļԱֻҪʱ䣬Ϊ㾳ٵֻͣһΪֻҪμ˲飬õʯֻǶٵ⡣
һã˴Ŀ⡣
Ϊ֮ǰܳһʱ䣬ԶûˡͻȻúܶ˶е⡣
ǲǾ𣿡
ôˣѵҲҪμӼ𣿡
ǰɲҪμĲ飬ԴֻҪҪͿõ
ٺ٣ǰû취ˣ峤Ѿˣֲϵ䣬ֻʣΪǶ磬μӲ鲻ǺȻȥʯ
Ҳ֪ʲô飬ǰʱֻʸ
֮Уһ뾰ԵĶ䡣ԣȫû˸λãŲ鿪ʼ
ֵƬ̣һλֽһɫľʯǰ
ɫʯǲĹߡ
һθĳϣǼ峤ϣԣ顣
Ĳ飬ڿʼĿɨãҽй˭֣˭龳硣
ţϵ񻺻ƶͻȻ΢΢һΪ˾ԣĿھԵͣƬ̣ȴû˵κλٴεƶ
Ƿǰλϼԣһ¶Це뾰ԴкڣҲֻûɼԵĵλѾ˺εȵز
٣顣
ǣһˣ첽ɫʯ
٣쾳磬ٽȡͻƵ쾳硣΢΢˵ͷ˵
ʮöʯһ֣һСʯ͵ǰ
лϡЦݹĵл
꣬쾳磬ʮöʯ
ӣ쾳磬ʮöʯ

һӵܣ׷ײϣõʯ
ʱһɫӰ뵽á
Ȼ黹ڼһ֣˲ٵĿ⡣ˣо⡣
磡
ã
磡
вӵܣ⣬Ĵк
Ժ;õʱ򣬶˺ܶĿ⣬ߵĴȫûа취ˡ
΢΢ͷʺУǰȥ
ף
Ը磿⣬ͻȻ˾ԣĿ΢΢һǾ¶Ц⣬ӿŲǰ
Ը磬μʵ𣿡žԡ
ǰһ¡Ҳž⣬Цŵ˵ͷ
ǰԺ;ĹϵǷǳ׽ġ⣬ܶʱ򶼸ھңʱвˣж˵ƨ־Եϲ
ҲʵӾУõ˲ٵĺô
ھԱѧԺǿص壬ԾԣûôˡӾԻصôֻȥһΡ
ԵȻҲ֪ԶԼˡ
Ը磬ǾҵĵһţǾңٳǣҲǵһšԸ磬ɲҪģһ»صġ˿ͷԾ˵
ϣˡЦ
ԣɡ峤ϣʱ˾Ե֡
쾳磬ԣöʯŰɣСʹáھԲϺ峤ϴı˾Եľ磬óöʯӸԡ
Ȼ쾳磡
ڵΪڼͬӵУǵ˰ɣ
ǡ治֪ô˼ʵģңҿ϶ûġ
һϣУͱһƬЦ
Щ̶ֻǿЦЦöʯĬĬȥ

ۣ쾳磬磬ֽˣ
һβʱ򣬻쾳磬ھ쾳ˡҿò˶ãͻƵ쾳磬Ȼ̤֮
磬̫ˡ
ߵŵʱ򣬾Ȳ


5 ů
һƬУ΢ЦĿתõţȥƲƲ
΢΢һǵĻȱøһЩ
⣬ܲҼǵǰŸո̤쾳磬̶ʱ䣬̤쾳磬ܺãŬɣ̤쾳硣峤ϣҲ佱⡣
öʯĽ峤Ͼԣ飬һӵݸ⣬ϲ֮⡣
л峤ϡֽӹװʯĴӡ
һĽУߵһԣû̾뿪ãԾڶӵܵĹάϲָо
öʯĽʱѾãҲµõļ影
ֻöʯ
öʯ϶֧̤쾳硣΢΢ҡͷû뵽ҾҲΪȱʯʱ֪ӦöһЩʯġ
صסתһ񹦡
ȻǿûʯҪͻƵ쾳磬Ҫʱͻܶˡ
һʱ󣬾뿪ԼСԺžסȥ
һ·ϣپҵӵܣȴû뾰ԴкģԶԶĿһۣ¶һ˺εЦݡ
Ը磿
Խ뾰Ժ䣬ͿӵܣԺ֮С
⣬Ҳ̿˾ԡ
ǺǣԸվЦкԡ
ˣҹ˵һЩ¡Կ˿ڳˣĿǰʲӵܣʵףҲ쾳硣
Щ˿ԣûһվġ
ǷǰǾԲˣһ֣Щ˱ض̾ӭӡڣֻܸ̾һů
Ը磬ʲô£ֻ˵ֻҪˬĵ
̬ȣ΢΢˵ͷ
⣬ļ䡣ԶԾ֡
üͷ΢΢һ壬ϾͻָЦݣߡ
⣬ȱһЩʯ֪㷽һЩ𣿡Ҿ⣬һЩʯģ֮Ҿ⣬ҲûеģΪǰнȥʯԼǲסҲмǧ
ȥʯδ黹ھȱʯҾ⵱ȻӦá
ʯ˵⼸ûԥ
Ը磬öʯȥȡöʯݸԡ
ǾôȵԸ񣬿ݹöʯɫҲЩˡ
⾰⣬ڴ򷢽лӰ
רŹȻ͸öʯͲﾰԣڴԵ
΢΢һ󣬶ָֻ糣֣öʯ˹
ʱԵеȻޱȷŭûнŭֳһδ۷嵽ȵףѧ˺ܶࡣ
ֻöʯҲҪţöʯкܴİ֮ǰڲеõöʯһöʯ֧»ص쾳ˡ
⣬ллˡʯЦ˵һ
Ը磬ɲҪʯ٣Ҳ֪Ѿ쾳磬ҪʯһܴĿ˸ԸҪæҵȻ߾ȫȻҲҪʯǾԸҪҵȻἱžԸá
⡣Եͷ˵
æҾͲˣ´ġ˵һ䣬תȥ
⣬ʲô
δԶţԺеļˣ˴ʵ
ûʲô¡ڰ֡
ǺǣҿˣǾԺʯģûɣǧ裬Ҹұ֤ȥ޻ءһЦ˵
ǣھ粻ϵ䣬ٶʯҲ̣ġٹһʱ䣬͵ͨˣʱʯ㣿һ
ǲ˵Ҷˡ
ϧҵöʯ̾Ϣһöʯӡ
ⰡҲ̫һϸԣôҲǾҵĵһţһˣͽöʯⲻǴҸ˵϶ûöʯ
ɾʹˣöʯֱӾùȥˡԭΪҲҵĺ⣬û뵽һЩڣöʯˣҪ֪ˣҿ϶ֻóһöʯޱȵ⡣
Щˣʵ֪ûԶǵܴǾԿȷǵĶԻǣһ㶼⾰
ѾǹȥʽˣﾰԣΣ
첽ȥľԣϣȴǷһ˿⣬ĬĬ˴ʱھԺÿ˵֡
ưɣǣڽҵģҧҧ
֪ԼԭǾԿܻû˵ڣֻʱˡ


6 ׬Ǯƻ
Уڴ֮ϣ˫Ŀ΢ա
ڲһ񹦵ת֮£ڵԪӿת
ھԵǰڷöɫʯ
Ԫˣһתյʱ䣬Ծ͸оԪ
ûʯôʱ򣬾ԾҪֹͣˡڣǰڷŵʯΪ˴˿׼ġ
ѸݣԵһʱͽһöʯУתɫʯʱͷųĹΡͬʱʯ̺ԪҲٱԵա
ԪӦһ񹦵תٶٴμӿ졣
ʯ֮еԪϵӿ뾰ڣݡ
ھ˵֮ǰ֮쾳֮µ쾳磬˵ǳϤвһ񹦣Եͻƣ˵ûʲôϰֻҪԪ㹻Ϳһ
ʱ仺ţһʱ󣬾Կʼյڶöʯ
ʱȥյöʯ
ɫҹ١
Ȼţޱȵİ쳣רעֱ١
䣡
峿ĵһӴʱ򣬾Ե֮ϣͻȻһӿγһУԵ
ʱ䣬ھΧŽĻָƽ
ৣ
۾ɨһȦ΢΢һȡ
쾳磡
ڣܹˡ
֮ǰŬ޷ֹĵ䡣ڣĸоֻˡþԣޱȵĳ죬ΪڼլԺڣԿ϶ҪХһ㷢еٻʹ졣
ʯö
Կ˿ǰԭڷŵöʯʱֻʣһöˡõöʯѾΪ۳Ҳҿ˾öʯҪȻԻ֪ȥöʯҲͲôص쾳硣
ͻƣҪ΢һ¡΢΢һһöʯ
ȻԾ㲻ʯҲǿԵģϾﵽ磬ѾϤԺ׿ǿԪһȻԾкܴĺô
ﵽ󣬾ʯԪٶҲ˺ܶ࣬ԭһʱʱһöʯڵԪֻ˲ʱһöʯھлΪ۳
ﵽ쾳磬ʹƷѧˡ졣
֮ǰѧѧƷѧƷѧҲƷѧ
ƷѧҲҪӵľ硣ھ䵽󣬾Ѿ޷ʹκһѧΪԪ֧ʩչѧҪ
Ҷ
꣡
ȻûⲢӰ쾰ʩչҶֽ
ţ
ھԽҶʩչ˲䣬͸оһƺ˸ӦһЩ޵Ϣͱ
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Ҷ𣿡
⣬ôܣҶȻƷѧҲôô©
ʱ󣬾Եɫ΢΢һ䣬ΪӲһõϢҶȻʮ©̫ˡ
ҶƷѧҲͬ߸ĽѾҵЩ©ԾԲֽȻô覴á
Կ
ȻҵЩ覴ã֪θĽֲЩ©ڲĽҶʲô֮ǰҲȷԼĸĽѧĻкġ
ৣ
˻˻˻˻
һڷڱȻ
ģȫ뵽ƷѧҶ֮Сֹͣ»صʵʱѾʱ֮ˡ
̫ˣ
Ǿˣһ񹦣ʲô
Գĺһ
ҶҲ֪ǿ˶٣ҲǿһԵ̾˵
ѧǿԵĶҲ˷ǳࡣ֮ʱ򣬺ܶģĵطʱޱȵֱӰ쾰ԵУڷڣܸӦԺһصļӡ
ߣ׬ʯȥڳ󣬾¶ЦݣĿ΢΢һǿ뿪Լķ䡣
ûлص쾳֮ǰԾѾ滮׬ȡʯˡʱʹѧû취׬ȡʯķ쾳磬ΪҶĸĽþ׬ȡʯٶȿԸ졣
ٳǵһƬӴޱȵɽƬɽ֮УŴޡǶٳǵ߻ɽɱޣǶٳܱߵʮеߣҲһƬӴޱȵɽ֮С
ɱޣһ׬ȡ޵;


7 ⽣
ھ뾰լԺԶĵطһУڶٳǱУɾҿƣʵϾǾҵһҵ
ٳһĸУֱǶУУУͱСĸУֱĸУĸ壬Ҳڶ߳ΪٳĴ塣ңĴ֮һ
뿪լԺٽ뵽֮Уܿ˶ĵطרһЩСԵûʲôעңеǳ࣬ۻҵģǾҪһ۾ϳԣҲҪܸߵ
Ի̣
ͣһ֮⣬Ȼֺܺڷ֮Уֻһܲ۵̡ң̵λҲƫƧＸûʲô߻
̵⣬ȻҲǺܺãһӾԽ̺󣬷־Ȼûһ˾ͿԿó
̨ڣһӣ룬ȥǳ
壡
Ц̨Ӵк
ˣԵȻʶʶ˵Ϥ
ӵֽоǣҲǾˡԻǵԼСʱ򣬾ǾڻԶԼ׵ļ䣬ҲԾǵĿСվ˵뾰Եĸ׹ϵǳá
Զڸ׵ļ䲢Ǻܶ࣬Сʱ򣬸׾ʧˡҲѰҺܾãҲûзָ׵ټʧٺ󣬾Եͻھǵ³ɳġ
Ҳһʷǳߵߣǰȴ˺صƣĽסˣһȴûˡ
֮󣬾Ǿڷ֮пһ̣ҲΪһ
ԣôˣǿԣ϶ʱ¶ĵЦݣȻǷĵϲá
ǵı飬вɷһĨɬòζΪ֮ǰԴ츳ھھҾͺǹеһ㣬˶ΧΧǣȻ塣
ڻԼǶ
̾Ϣһ󣬾Ե۽ǣñЩʪˡ
Сһ忴ͷֳ˲ءŹȣӹ̨˳
Ҳ֪Եľ粻ϵ䣬ѾһţΪˡǣԾԵ̬ȣһ㶼ûΪһ䵭
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ǺǣȷʵǺܺãҲջɣӣ̫ãҲæġǰ˰ֲ˵
ԣңǲ£ˣҪʯɣţȥһЩ˵ţҪŹ̨ȥ
ʵǵʯҲǺܶ࣬Դһ֮һ;ϣߵյ㡣ҪȻҲᾭӪͨӡӣ̫ܸǴ棬һЩʯҲض࣬ġ
壬æסǵĶ
ЩɻĿžԡ
壬ȷʵ㣬ҲҪʯҴʯɽɱޣҪһ֮ǰѾջȥˡ˵
ʲôҪʯɽԵĻ΢΢һ㶣ϾҡͷУ̫ΣˡԣûеʱΪʯɽҲ㡣ڣԲܽʯɽ
նĵ
ˣںʯɽдġ
ʯɽǶٳӴɽ༫Ϊǿޡ쾳ߣҲ̫һɽ
ڣ䵽죬ǵȻľԽɽɱޡ
壬ѾˣҲԼСЦģɽΧеޣҿ϶һʱͱܿ壬ҲϣҾȥɣԼҲģ˵
Ŀžԣ˵ⷬǳƬ̡
ڣ˵ͷԣ־ҺܸˡãҸмԼ˵ĻҪСġ
ǣ¶ЦӦ
ԣŰɡǴһľϻУȡһڵĳ
Կ΢΢һ
ΪжãΪǰһֱǾǵ֣⽣֪ھǵ壬ھȴԼ
¡ǼԺð춼ûӦһᣬȵ
塭Իǲ֪Լò⽣
ԣѾûʲôôˣУи;Цſ˵
˫֣⽣˹
⽣һƷƷʣȻ羰ӵйǼƷǶڵľ˵ʹƷҲ´ˡȻһƷļֵҲǷǳɹ۵ģھڣҲֻвָ߼ߣʸʹƷ


8 һɱ
ڵңûеڶˣԸһƷˡ
лл塣Խӹ⽣ɫ򾰳ǹ˹
СӣһھԵļһ£Ц
壬ˡ򾰳Ǹǡ
ȥɣסҪСġУûʲôȥѹأ㿴ȻзˣǲҲһúúõģһڱ˵۹Ҫģǲñ˵Ļ۹Ӱ쵽Լĳ˵
ΪԵģ¾ܲЩ䳰ȷҲãͻȻҪʯɽɱޣҲǱЩƵġ֪ھԵʵʵʯɽҪɱޣͼһޣҲѡǣûǿֹԽʯɽҪԼȥһЩ
ЩǱ˽Ծ׵ġܶʱҪԼ
뿪Ի̺󣬾׼˲ٵĸͣĳ˶ٳǣźʯɽ
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ȻǡܿģԾͿͷǡ
һһޣʵ̫ǿһ쾳ҪɱǣҲôס쾳ߣһἸӣΧɱһޡ
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ԵȵĻᣬڵͷɲǡ
һ˲˷ӦѸݵ̧ͷӵͷ̧ͷѾ˷һʱ䣬̶̵ʱ䣬þǰ
̧ͷһ˫ɫ۾Ϳ˳ྰԡ
Ƿ־ԣûѡߣڵһ̤ſѪڣž˹
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Ҷʱû˼ԼôǶģܵʩչԼĽ
߶ɲǣе⽣ʶǰؿλõһطȥ
ۣ⽣׼ޱȵĴǵؿڡ
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һ쾳ߣɵСӣҪɱǣҲɵ£ҲҪɱյʱҡԣֻɵһû˿ˮͽһǸɱ
ѵãɻǵѨԿ˿ǻѪ˿ڣ΢΢ҡͷ
˿ڲѣҪɱȴѣ޵ǼǿģһޣҲǼ򵥵һ˿ھնɱġ


9 µԤ
޵壬ǵͼޣǸ߼ޣѨһ㲻֪Ҳ֪
֪֪Ҫҵ޵ѨһѨȴޱȵѡΪ֪ѨԼҲ֪ԼѨɱĹУҲᾡܿѨС
һξǵĲɱһУֱӻɱǣȻǻǵѨ⣬ҪȻǲô׾ȥҲǾɻĵط
Ҫ֪֮ǰ쾳ʱҪնɱǣҲһкѨȻ쾳ľҪɱһ޺ܼ򵥣ǣͨ޵Ѩնɱ
ҵȷʵ
Ŀ
мֵģһԷ޴
նٳǵгۣһֵöʯӡ֮⣬ǵ壬ֵҲﲻһöʯ
ڳ󣬷ƤڣԿ뿪
ǵʬ壬ԵȻߣںʯɽͣһʱ䣬Ҫնɱ޾Բһͷͷǽʬ嶼ţҲԣֻ˶ΣֵǮĶ
ԣɽΧߡ
յʱ䣬ٴηǵټһΣȴһͷǣͷһ
ڻɱһͷ֮ǰͷһԿ»ѡͷɱ̫Σˣ쾳߿ܶңߣõ
쾳ߣҲǺܴģһצݻУǱضܴ
ǣ֮ǰɱǵĹ̫˳ˣþ̲סԿ
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ڰĵȴƬ̺󣬾Ա۾ͷǳ˹ȥ
ͷǣҲͬʱྰԡ


Ǳ̵۾žԣзͺβͻȻȫ͵ž˺ҧ
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⽣źɫĽӰǡͬʱԵ
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ӾԼ֪ô¡ͬʱѾ֪ǽĶͺñȣܹδ֪Ԥ֪δ顣
ǽ·ߣҼֺܷĶ͵ųԼײ
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ȻǾԳǵȴȫֹͣôһ϶աֻǣǾ֪Լ£Ҳͣھ޴£һԣԼʱı䶯
ɾģɱͷһǡ
һ񹦣ֱҲ̫ˣ쾳Ϊɱһޣ·ɱһɡ۾΢΢һС
ɱһͷǵʱ򣬻ȷڣѾȷǲһ񹦵Ĺ͡˵ɱͷǶҲ̫ˡܿ϶ǲһ񹦴һΪǿĵλԤѡжϳǽĶ
ͷǵڳ󣬾Կ뿪Ѫζֳ
ֵʮöʯŽ˲һʱʱ䣡
׬ȡʯٶȣĽˣ
죬жʮ㡣
׬ȡʯٶȣһʱ䣬׬ȡʯܿ㹻ص쾳硣㲻֧ص쾳磬ص쾳ûκ⡣
ĺɫ֮УԼǺϢģһһÿľ֮䣬۲ܻڵһж


10 Ӱ
ʱɿ죬ת۾ںʯɽѾ졣
ʱһɱʮͷǣ˫ͷߣͷǻ
ĿǰΪֹɱޣһޡõԴֵܼѾһöʯ
ʱ䣬׬ȡһٶʯߣҲĪ
ϵƤҲ΢ɱٶȣԿҪʮʱ䣬ͻᱻԴ
ԭںʯɽһʱ䣬û뵽ǣԼɱ޵Чʻ֮ߡ֮ǰ뷨һʱ䣬Ҳ̫ɱôһޡ
ʱѾʯɽʮˣȻҲɽΧޣҪȾԸսɽʱöࡣ
ߴߴ
ԸһϣʳһЩˮһ΢
ɫȻһ䣬͵վŵĴܡ
ھ˵İҲΪ֪ʲôޣԲŽ
ߴߴߴߴٴδһ˺ܶࡣ
üͷһˮ
ǷӰǣ
ôᣡôַӰǣͷתء
ӰǣһֶޣǳټںʯɽΧķӰǣټԣԸû뵽Ӱǡ
Ӱǣ˵Ǿ쾳ߣ쾳ߣš
ʯɽڣڷӰеĶ쾳ߣҲ
Ӱص㲻ĹжǿҪ˵ӰǵĹǡǣӰǵٶȣȴǡӰֵٶйء
һЩеںʯɽӰǣԷӶû壬Ѿȥ
Ӱǵص˳ٶ֮⣬Ľأǲ֪ˣΪֽĳСǶھ˵ǿߣȻӰǡ
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һԵڣֻһɫӰӣӲϮ
꣡⽣̳һƬӰ
ߴߴߴߴ
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ɫëڿл䣬˫Ŀɫë䡣
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һ쾳ߣһιѾˣ㲻ҲضˣŹӰǵһ͵Ϯ
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е⽣·һЩȫļ⣬Ҳɳࡣ
ԵĶȻǹģշӰ֪һֱָ߶Ƚ䱸Ӱǻһֱţġ˵һ쾳ںʯɽһͷӰʱ䣬뿪ʯɽʱ򣬲Խľͷ䱸Ҳʱ򣬷ӰٶȶҲһηӰǵ͵Ϯ֮¡
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ھɳͬʱɫӰ֡
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һΣȫ˷ӰǵӡӰûо޴ʹǵ֮һСҪʽһצһצīһֶأһǱצɨУֻһƤж¶ٻ񶼱ήҡ


11 ԵĿϲ
ںɫɨɫӰͬʱԵͬʱһס
ǽӰɨƣԵĶһ޷ǰ
ۣ֮
ߴӰǵĽȻ
һѪҺӰǵһԺɫצҲžԵǰ˹ȥ
Ӱǵٶʵ̫ˣǾ㹻ԤУǰӦԣôһν棬ͲǷӰˣǾܴˡ
һзӰǣһ΢΢ҡͷһǰݡ
ȻѾ㹻ԤУΪʵԭԪ΢һЩԸղһûܶԷӰ㹻˺
쾳磬һӦ÷Ӱɥʧж
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һͲˡЦһĶûϣһɣһɡ
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ڶûܻɱӰǣԵĵױȵٶȣִӰǡ
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꾧Ȼǻ꾧ǾԣЩƽԼû뵽ֻӰǣȻ꾧
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꾧֮
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ɴ۾˿ңȷûٶȣɫ꾧
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ٶȣ뿪ֳͣƬ̡
ֱԶ˻ɱӰֳʮ֮⣬Բ΢ޱȾ
ʱ򣬾Խ֮ǰԼӰǲɱḶֿ́ٻһ飬ȡеľ顣һӰǣȷԼԸ򵥵ĻɱԷ
һ쾳ߣǹƥͽӰǻɱǴȥû˻ţ˶֮ԱǣΪǳܵ顣
£ҲֻоκһмߣоԵֿԤС
ӰǵĲɱʵҲûкķ̫ʱ䣬еգȴֻоԼס֪նɱӰǣΪ˲һ񹦡û⹦һսضڷӰС


12 ͻ
ھ뿪ɱӰֳյʱӰп˹
⼸ˣһֻСӣһŮһˡ
ոսһɱһĸݵߣ۾˿ܣ˵ᵽڿеѪζ
޵ʬ塣ΨһһŮӣĿһɨѾƤķӰǡ
Ȼ޶ɱˣǾͱʱ䣬ɣһɫ۵ӣü
Χǲ˷̫ʱ䡣
ߣΪ׵ˣһֵ
ţ׼뿪ʱΪ׵ߣȴ΢΢һ䣬ڷӰǵʬϡ
ǷӰǣΪߣϳ˺ϢķӰʬ塣
ʲô
Ӱǣ
ɣﻹǺʯɽΧôзӰǳ֣
ҿǷӰǣ˵һ㶼û΢ӷ׵߲鿴һ·Ӱǵʬ壬Ŀȵ
е磬ֻΪߣ档
ʵϣˣǶٳּӵܣСӣרŽʯɽɱ޻ȡʯ
ּңǶٳĴ֮һ
˵ʵܲΪ׵쾳磬ˣԶ쾳ΪʵСӣֻҪСһЩʯɽм㹻ˡ
򶷵ļƺСΪӦǶߡڹ۲ܺ۾˵
ߣ
һ˻ɱ˷ӰǣѵǸ߼ߣĿһתɵ
СӵĻҲǸ߼ߣпܻɱӰǡ
˵ϧˣǷӰǣֵ뼸öʯϧҡҡͷ˵
ߣ֪ĸ쵰ôãȻΧӰǡӷҧгݣǶҪٿһЩͺˣߣǸ߼ߣҲ̷Ӱǡ
ˣ˵ˣѾˣ׷Ҳ׷˰֡
˵ӰܿʧС
ʯɽΧһұϡ
ɣ
ԵӰұϵһѨð˳˲ʱ䣬ҵһѨѨϸһ飬ȷûʹá
ԣǴطʹòǰõĻ꾧ľֻ죬̫һЩõ꾧Ӧǿڼ̵ʱڣ졣
ȻȷΧûκޣǾԻڶڸһЩ򵥵塣Щãֹ߻޽룬ȴԤáֻҪ߻޽ӽôڶѨڵľԣͿԵһʱ䷢֣õʱ䡣
ںʯɽĵطСĽھԴ磬͸ҪСĽ
ʼɣ
׼󣬾ڶѨڣѡλϯضóɢŻɫâĻ꾧
ö꾧Ȼǵͼ꾧ֵ߷ˡ
Ե˫Ŀ˵ĹâŻ꾧΢΢
һתԪ˲ţͿԿɫĻ꾧ϣοʼ˸
ǾǳߵߣƾۿһЩɫĹΣӻ꾧Ϸ뵽ڡ
ʹ죬ǻ꾧ջ꾧泩òг
ʯ꾧ȣֱһĶǼƷޣҲԶԶͼ꾧
̫ˣ̫ǿˣ
ϧ꾧ٰ̫ܶһЩ꾧ҿò˶ʱ䣬ػ֮ԵϢƳءתͷȫ񣬳ջ꾧֮С
յĻ꾧ԽԽ࣬ڵԪҲԽԽȡ
ʱ仺ʣԼûʲôյĳأʹӶλ΢
ʱ򣬾ͿԿԵΧһ㵭ϵơԵɫҲһɫ
飡
ʱ򣬾ڵԪͺƽˮ汻һʯһӶ
漴Ծ۾һĨЦݸ֡
쾳硣
ף𣿡Կ⡣
һҹʱȥˡһҹʱ䣬Ҿʹ죬ͻƵ쾳硣ˬ죡һͦȻվ
ȫԵ
ԸоԼڵԪ쾳ʱ׳˺üһͷӰǣֻҪͷӰǸ͵ϮԣǾԾ㹻İգһ
΢һЩǿ󣬾ԵĿ⣬һŻɫ꾧ϡʱĻ꾧δɢȴʱ򣬱СࡣȻ̺Ѿ˲١
ոһ磬ҪһЩʱȹ̣̰ࡣţʱȲջ꾧ˡСĽ꾧һ˶Ѩ֮⡣


13 ʯ߻֮
Ѩ֮⣬ɨһõļ壬ûбƻļ
ҽʯɽŹȥʱѣˮʣܶࡣھͻضٳǣ̫һЩ
Ҹոս쾳磬ôɽһЩڵʵޣӦҲǿԽɱġĿ΢΢һתɽĸ
ʯɽʱ򣬾ģȷʵںʯɽΧɱһЩһ޻ȡʯʹáǵ˺ʯɽһǽֺЩ͹Լ쾳磬ɱһǣûѶȡ
һ񹦵ǿ˾ԵԤڡֹɱ̸֮ɫĶ޷Ӱǣ죬ջһöĻ꾧
񣬾ͻƵ쾳磬ʵʱǿȥɱޣԶöԲԼҲԲһ񹦡
ߣԪ΢΢һ
ಣ
Ӱ֮һ㣬ȥ
̤󣬾ԵٶȣҲȻһءУͬٴδ
һ·ۣ󣬾Աִ˺ʯɽмѾ޺ޡ
һһޣֵᳬʮöʯޣֵܴﵽʮöʯһЩȽǿĶޣֵܴﵽʮöʯ֮ϡӰĶޣ̫ټˣļֵޡ
ޣֵҲһöʯӡ
ף
ʯ߻
ȷʵŸյִм򣬾һͷʯ߻Ե񣬶Ű֮һɫӰӡ
ɫӰӣʯ߻ʯ߻ƤëΪҺɫҹʱڽѷʯ߻Ӱڰ죬ʯ߻ͱȽױˡ
ʯ߻صǷķǿҹҲܳɫʯ߻צݣβͣǼΣյġͨ졢ߣҲʯ߻β͵һ
Ȼʯ߻Ҳ㣬ݶȽϲٶҲһ㡣һǣʯ߻΢Щ硣
һЩĬʵǿԶ飬Ƚϲɱʯ߻ޡ
ְɣĿһһͷʯ߻ɱ˹ȥ
꣡ɫźХ֮ƿռ䡣
𣡡ʯ߻Ҳ˾ԣʱһŭ׳˶žԳ
յʱʯ߻ɥߵ˻һյڵϡ
ԣҲ΢΢ĴϢһ£ʯ߻ëƤǰһи
ɱʯ߻ھ˵û̫ѹԤ̫ǿˡӰǣڻʱľ˵ʯ߻ˡ
ʯ߻ķȷʵˣǲϹҪλãԻǺķ˽ӽյʱ䣬ջɱͷʯ߻
ǻһߣǻ֪Ҫɱʲôʱ򣬾СӺΧɱʯ߻ҲԲһɵ顣
һʯ֡΢΢ЦЦ
ԵӰʧڸС
ʯ߻ϼֵģһƤëǰһ鼡⡣ֵһʯҡ
ʱҴңתǽӽʮʱȥ
ʮʱѾɱ˲жʮͷ֮Ķ޺ޡϵƤҲһ롣
һգϻһɾɫۣ֮ǰɫֱӵˡ
ûضٳˡıϵİ
κʯɽ֮УջǷǳ޴ġȲ˵ö꾧һϵֵǮúܶм߼ۺ졣
ڰҪˣҲûȥЩһ£ɴʯȻץʱȡս쾳硣
ߣضٳǣӰһҪŶٳǷȥ
𣡡
ʱһ޴ŭңңޱȱѣ·𶯡
ԭһŭȻֹͣţ΢΢һķλ
ʯ߻Ľ
ԣⲻͨʯ߻
Ӧãʯ߻֮Եޱȵľ
ڶ֮Уʯ߻ҲǱȽĴڣΪʯ߻Уһڲͬʯ߻ʯ߻еǾģһߣὫʯ߻Ϊʯ߻֮
ƺʯ߻֮ɱʯ߻֮ĽԿԴжϳɱͷʯ߻֮
ʯ߻֮ʵҪԶһʯ߻ǿ̶ȣӽļޡʯ߻֮ļֵȻҲǷͬһ㣬󲿷ֵļޣܱ⡣
ʯ߻֮ϼֵĶͷһֻ͸Сǡһʯ߻ûСǵġ


14 
䣡
꣡
һֵĴֱӱһҺɫӰײϡ
𣡺𣡡
ҺɫӰŭΧһӰ·
ҺɫӰʯ߻֮Ҫͨʯ߻һ
צ֮ץۣǼӲʯ֮ϣͬһĿĵĹ֡
һɱ
ɱһһνʯɽɾûˡ
û뵽һνʯɽȻᱻʯ߻֮
Сһ㣬⣡Ϊһ˵ͳȵ
Χɱʯ߻֮ߣһСĶʯ߻֮չһ߿˵óǶ˷ܣΪʯ߻֮ӰһΪϡ٣ġ
һ֧Զ飬ʯɽҲһˣʯ߻֮⻹ǵһΡ
ʯ߻֮ɱʱһɫӰȻĳǺ󷽡
ɫӰȻľԡ
ԭ뿪ʯɽضٳǵģǾǰȴʯ߻֮˻ȻҪ
棿
ԿΧɱʯ߻֮ߣ΢΢һϳΪһˡ
ּӵɵԶ顣
ּҺ;ңڶٳĴ壬ҲּұȽϳɫӵܣѾ쾳ߣʶҲʵϣҲһΣǰʱ򣬾Ƕٳǵķһ滹ûбԷ
ڶٳĴУּҺ;ҵĹϵǱȽϲģϰ꣬Ϊ˭κβ˭ϣûзģɱ
ǰСģļҲʱзġ
ԿΧɱʯ߻ּ֮ӵܣ˼ʱͻҪһЩʶΧɱʯ߻֮ԻѡߣǰּˣҪôˣ治ǾԵķ
ԲûϾ
ʯ߻֮ɱŸտʼãҪɱʯ߻֮ԲǶʱڿ԰쵽ġʯ߻Էƣʯ߻֮ķǾˡͷʯ߻֮վﲻɱ¶ɱһʱ䡣
ֻСġɱУӰչͬʱһּӵܴ
ո£ӷ׵ֻͻȻһ¿Բ壬·һƤһʯ߻֮צ֮¹˹ȥ
վֻɫΪѿ漰ʱһѶܹȥʯ߻֮צץУһֻ;õҡ
˿Щĳ˼Ѫ͸һȻȫܿ΢ʯ߻֮ץһ£˿ڴʹ
ֻҲ֪ھԲǴ˿ڵʱһҧٶȳȥ
ҶСһ㣬ʯ߻֮ɲʯ߻Ҳϣ֮Ŀһתͳ˵
лл硣¼սֻм˵
սһֱ
ˣʯ߻֮˶ϣһ˿ڡЩ˿Ȼһʯ߻֮ʲôʯ߻֮Ҳɣ˿ѪҺԽԽ࣬ѾӰ쵽ȡ
ʯ߻֮ҲԽԽꡣ
ȻˣͬôУ֮⣬ĸˣϾԶлٵ˿ڣҲҿʯ߻޶ģҪȻڣĸ˵ˣѾˡ
ҼӰѾһҪͷʯ߻֮ɱЩأ˺ѾЩƣĶ˵
Ų˶ˣ
ɱͷʯ߻֮ɲܻʯ棬Щ֪Сɱʯ߻֮룬ǻô룿ĿƵ
ⷬʱ࣬
ʱںһֱսľԣ΢΢һȡ
ˣҲˡЩһЧʣ湻ͣ۾ǰȥ
˭

һˣϾͷ߽ӽĿ˲תƹΧɱʯ߻֮Ȼϣ˴ţ߿ܲŹ֡
𣡡ʯ߻֮ŭ˻

һҽУ
УߣصԼĸŤˣеҲڵϡ
ΪԵͻȻ֣Щʯ߻֮ûһûȫܿʯ߻֮ĶϣһĿĵ˿ڣѪҺʡ
˼ֶˣŵĿȥͬʱо
ɫÿ£ڿֶƺ󣬵΢΢һֶƿΪأӦû˵ֻ࣬Ҫʱһ£ӦòΣաĿ֮һתֵߣͻȻֶ֣߳Բܵ˴ˡ


15 
ԣϴһĨ΢Ц
ʯ߻֮𣬵شּӵֶһжھԵԤ֮ڡѡʱǡô
Χɱʯ߻֮ߣһˣȻڼʱʹҩǣ϶ѾʧȥսˣΧɱʯ߻֮ǳĬʧȥκһˣӰ쵽Ľ
ʯ߻֮ʵļޱ⣬Զ飬û㹻ĬǺѽʯ߻֮ɱġʧȥһˣǵӰ켫õķµһ˲ȥ
ԣ
棬˾Եòһ˳
ٳǵķڣ󲿷ֵߣܶʶŵġ
濴ǾԣһͷǺ⡣ΪҲ֪Ծ粻ϵ䣬ѾֻΪΪںʯɽǾοﻹǺʯɽΧм
ԣֽĿܣȷһˣԳôܿоҵԶ顣
ܿ죬ȷ⸽ֻоһˣв΢΢ɳһ
𣡡
ʯ߻֮ûΪԵĳ־ֹͣΪֶ˳ʣµʯ߻֮ĹʱЩæҡ
һͺȫԪһĳ׺ޱȵʯ߻֮ȥ˵Ӳǽʯ߻֮Ƶ˼
ʵȷʵΪ׺ּ֧ҵԶڣʯ߻֮ˡ
ҪҰæ
û̳֣Ц˵
ԵĻˣĿ׶ĵžԡҪǾͻȻӰǣֶҲˣò˶ãܻɱͷʯ߻֮
ƾΪҲæֻһƲ˵
Ǿûе䣬ֻԲôԾ˵ڣҲҪѾԷˡ
ǺǣûҰæǺɱʯ߻֮ЦЦ·ûΪֻĻ
濴˿ԣĿһ˵ʲô
ʾԳְæҪõʲôôɲžԻɱʯ߻֮
ʵϣǴʱڲ֣ŪԵġĸˣǿֵܵסʯ߻֮Ĺٷȥһɱԣ˶
ֻҪһֻǡ˵
ʯ߻֮Ķͷϣһֻӽ͸ǣҲʯ߻֮ϣֵĶ
ԣĪǷˣ
ƾ㣬ҲҪʯ߻֮ǣΣ
Ͻɱʯ߻֮ɱ㣡ֻһԵĻʱŭɶ
ʯ߻֮ǣȻСۼֵܴﵽʯ߻ֵܼ֮һ롣һߣУʯ߻֮һļֵôܽܡ
٣ҿûǿŶǲֵĻʲôò۾˵
ʱ˿̣˵ĴѾգʱܵشԲżȴޱȵż
ǲȫԸʯ߻֮ϣǾԾǸǸȫעԸʯ߻֮ҲģԻʲôʱ򣬶͵Ϯһ¡
£㾰һ쾳ߣ˵Ҳġ
ãͰ˵ġȴǵ˵ͷͬ˾Ե
磡ֻ档
ˣҲɻĿ档
ǵȻԸ⣬ɱڣۿžҪɹȴʱ̣ΪԵĳ֣Ҫһʯ߻ָ֮ԣ
ұ죡һȡ
һ˿ݣͬ⾰ԵҲԼ뷨ġĸˣڳɱԣǾʯ߻֮ɱԡһ쾳ΪߣڼսֻҪ΢һЩֶΣԱضʯ߻֮צ֮¡
ȾˣǾͿȫעԸʯ߻֮
ԿЦЦȻ֪뷨⡣
ע⣬ˣԪһ⽣ǻΪһӰ͵ǰʯ߻֮˳ȥ
Լֲңɨ˾һۣЦһ
ʯ߻֮צ£㾰ҵԵʬ壬Ҳ벻Ǽϡ
꣡⽣쵽£Ħ
𣡡ʯ߻֮ھԳֵͬʱŤ޴ԴžԣܸܵԴԼв
ͣʯ߻֮ȻѾܵ˿µв壬˵̫ٶˡʱֱĸǣƣͱܲԵһ
𣡺𣡡ʹ౯ߵ˻Уʯ߻֮ĲӲ̳һѪҺ硣
ʲô
ôܣ棬žԵĿ⣬Ǿ֮ɫ
ֻˣͬԼ۾ӷ·Ҫ


16 һ
쾳Ϊ
ˣĿžԣʯ߻֮Ķͣ
Ȼʯ߻֮һҪȻʢܵһҲʧȥ˷
һ̴ʯ߻֮ʺֻ΢΢һ˲ʯ߻֮Ѿʧȥķ⽣Ѹײڶǰһͦٴξ׼ޱȵĴʯ߻֮ľ
𣡡
ʯ߻֮˻𣬲һ˫ɫ۾ȴ޷Ƶȥ
㶨
ԣתĿˣЦЦ˵
ĹȽɡЩп
Ҳʵ
֮ǰּĥʯ߻֮ľ񣬾Ҳնɱļ޵ʯ߻֮ʵھԳ֮ǰѾ˺۵ʯ߻֮ûǣƣҲʯ߻֮Ҫ
ļ޵ʯ߻֮ȻǼǿġ
ڣҪҵһˡ׼ȡʯ߻֮ͷİ͸ǡ
У
ֻžԣһ
ͻȻ֣ʯ߻֮൱ʯ߻֮ȫֵһ룬ǵȻԸ⡣
ô뷴ڣԶ˶٣Ŀ΢΢һת棬˵
ԣʯ߻֮ǣе̰ˡڴ⾰Եʵ˵
ǣɱ˰죬㲻һ˶ѡķ䷽һһ룬˷һ룬ⲻƽҲڵ
ּУΨһŮԡ
ƽüëһЦЦҳɱʯ߻֮֮ǰô˵ƽʯ߻֮ˣ˵ƽǺǣʵǺҪҳ֣ˣɱͷʯ߻ܻ֮ˡ
棬ҪԶ档
Уͷ
ԣҪͻȻӰǣͲˡˣɱͷʯ߻ֻ֮ʱˡڣҲ׷Σʮöʯ߰ɡóʮöʯ
мֱֱӸɵԣ֮ǰͬ⾰ԵҪʯ߻֮ɱ˾Եģû뵽Գ֣ɾŪʯ߻֮ھҪֳŵǶķ⡣
һͷʯ߻֮ļֵ̫۲ˡ
ʮöʯôֱʣЦһ鿴棬Ŀһʯ߻֮ǣҽҪˣ
Ҫʯ߻֮ǣеĵͬⲻͬ⣡ֻͻȻһȫԪӿͦгžϮɱ˹
һ
ֻȻΪ뾰һҪ˵ʵ뾰ȣĿɲһ㡣˲һ񹦣ĪԤ־Ҷ˵һֻսԣԶδػ¡
ҪûţҲðȻˡ
ȻԷǾʹˡ
Ե⽣һɨһµĽâƿֻĵĻ
ֻ似һƷ似ھУ©ֱ̫ˣһöԷ似©ֱ͸ȥ
â˸ֻ壬Ҷһ㣬ǿɨ˳ȥĲҽ壬ֱʮ֮ĵط
ܣֻȻɳȥû֮ǣˣΪɱֻ˫ƱҪսһˡˣԾûʲôв쾳棬Ծ˵ȴЩ֡
ԣһûº֡
ֻһͻɳȥּҼˣɫһ䣬ԵĿ⣬¶Ȼ֮ɫ
Բ죡
꣬ԹȻȫţĸ쵰˵Ծ䵽ģ
ˣжԲš
Եľ磬ȷʵܶ࣬Ǿûе䵽زһͻֻ죬¶
һ˼Ҳһͻֻ
һֻǸһѵٲۣɾûôˡЦɨ˸ոֻһۣ΢΢ʯ߻֮˳
ǣǣ΢΢һ֣תȥ
磡
ôˣֻˣžȥ档
İ
һͷʯ߻֮ڼֱֵһ롣
⾰ԣʵǿҲ쾳硣ɱδκ΢΢ҡͷ˵ȻҲģǲҲû취ֶһԣҲҪؼˣȻѾʹҩǵʱ̫ãҲܻܿԺӰ졣


17 Դ
ԱŹĹҵƤһ·ֻۣ˲һʱ뿪ʯɽصٳڡ
Ի̣
壡̡
ԣŹȣٴӹ̨˳
Сӣû¾ͺáЦ
ӾԳٳǽʯɽһֱ͵ľԵİȫʱλصլԺѯʾûдӺʯɽһֱûоԵϢ
ھԽ֮ǰžԻ᲻Σգڿû£ǵȻһ
ĿһתƤ
Сӣջٰù忴ɱʲôޡЦŶԾ˵
ǣΪɱʲôһޣ޵ʬ˻ԣ⡣
һͷһޣֵܴﵽöʯϣʱ䣬ջҲǲˡ
ʯɽȻԶ֮أɲÿһʯɽߣջģʯɽߣֶҲ
壬ɱšһ˦֣õǰ棬ھǰ
ţСӡ΢΢ҡҡͷЦ
֣ĴƤ
ţ
ʲô΢΢һĿ¶Ȼ֮ɫ
ڣȻ޵ʬ壬һֵǮԴ
졭
ԣɱ˶ޣǵϢ࣬𾪵Ŀ⿴ԡ
ǵô࣡
⡭Ƕ޵ܵƺܵ
ʲôûɣʯ߻צظ⣿
ǣһ߼ߣȻڷһȣʵʶǲ٣һƤܿһһϳĸϵԴ
ǣһĿֿԣԣЩޣԼɱģ
ǵģһֱںʯɽɱЩޡЦЦ
ԣ㡭ľ粻ǵ䵽ôܣɱޣвޣĿȵĿžԡ
壬ʵھѾָ쾳ˣӦò˶ãָܻ쾳硣ȱʯ㽫ЩԴʯæСԵ
һʱǣһԭþǷģڶԭ򣬾ǴЩԴоǳ档
ЩԴɲ٣ȥĻᱻѹۡǲޣǴѡǾڼȱʯЩԴԽ촦Խá
ǣʶܣоǳ棬۸ܱ֤ƽ
ȻλУǾҲҵȴǾҲҵĸҲǾˡңֻ¥һĹɷݣܹһֺ졣
ǰ쾳ľȥԴ϶ѹե۸񣬵ڣ¾Ͳʲôˡ
ԣ˵ľڻָ
𣿡
̫ˣҾ֪Ҿ֪СӻųĿĹʡ
ãõĺܣ»ص쾳磬ҿЩ쵰Ҳ˵лǣޱȵ˷ܣŴ˵
ģǳϲãΪԸˣ
ϾͿȾػ۷Щڱ۾ԵĻ˶ʲôı顣
֪ˣ뵽ЩһԵĻ֪Ե˼
ǵġԵͷ
ߣھȥȥܡǣƤž뿪Ի̣λȥ
һģΰ㽨ÿ춼д߽׸Դ
ﲻ
ĵһ㣬׵ԴȽɢңǼֵ̫Ķڶ㣬׵ľǺܶྫƷˣ򵽸ѧдĹԴڶƷһ˵ÿһֵڼʮöʯ֮ϡ
ԣĵڶ㣬һ˻ûʸȥֻжٳڱȽеλˣʸϵڶ㡣
Ժ;ǽ󣬺ܿҵһ
ĵطȻ˵һ˲ǻҲǲȱٵġЩάĽת£ͻһʱִ
ҲʶǺ;ԣ˵󣬻ҲĸӣֱӴϵĵڶ㡣
ףһʱ򣬶ĵ㡣ͨĻҲûȨϵ㣬ԾԶҪףǺ׾ܰ쵽顣ڵڶȣɻȥͨ
λԵƬ̣ȥͨĶԾ˵
ãӦ
첽ȥԺ;Ǿһȴ
ԣżò˶ʱ䡣ȴУǺ;ԣҲš
㡭ǣôģʱһ̱


18 
ͺھԺ;ը˲üת
٣ɫ΢΢һ䡣
٣ҳԱڣְ¡
죬ٵȻǷǳõģΪյʱ֮ǰԭһͻȴǱһӲˣûκΰ취¸Ͳӵܵݡ
ְ£вģЩУҪǴһڽɡͻɾͻ٣Ȼջ
ǣ˭ģ
֪֪ڶ㣬ǲģ
ǣй𣿺ߣûй͸Ͻȥɨ˾Ǻ;һۣȻʶˣΪʶҲòɵ
ԣһ粻ϵ伸ΪĴڣǣһѾڽĴڡˣٸû
ܾԺ;ǰھôߵĵλڣȴǱԵˡ
Ժ;ǣɫ΢΢һڡ
⾰٣Ҳ̫ˡô˵ҶǾҳԱȴ̬ˣίʵ̫ˡ
Ǻǣĸѵ㾰٣ŭӿЦ˵
Լͳ壬ôܸٺɫ
ϡٿԵ飬ӶʱһŵıⲻǾ𣿾ҵһţٳǵһţˣ㻹Ǿ峤ĵô簡԰Ҫһ㣬Щҫ۵Ĺ⻷ӵеġڣƨǡ
ߣȰڸϽٲʶ࣬ҾͽлǶȥٷŰۣ䳰ȷ
𣬺ܿ˲ٴʱڶ㽻׵ĿˣЩˣڶٳŽϸߵλġУԾԺ;ǱȽϤģʱ˱ΪѣתĿⳡ֣ײ
٣̫ˣԴģô˵ҲǿˡΪܣѵǽϣ˿Ŭѹŷŭͳ˵
ԴʲôԴ
ͲţʲôԴۣԴҲԲ̫ࡣҪ˵Ǿûвз֮ǰܵõԴڵľǣϹʮöʯûС
ɱ˲ޣһЩԴۡǲ뱻ܵ˿ЦԾƽ
Ŷ⻰һ㶡
پʹЦͬʱԡ
ǣ˵ԣɱ˲ޣٷ·Ц
ˣֻһЩԣ˵Ծ䵽죬ǾپǾˣԾԵľ䣬ֱһ֪ڰǰԲμӹÿһεʵ飬ʱ򣬶پӵܣĿþֻ쾳Ϊ
쾳磬ͼƷѧʩչɱޣ
⾰ǣǲӽˮˣȲзˣԴҲзˣڵľԣɱޣǺǣǲ˵Ϲ
һ˵㾰ɱޣ϶Ҳʵľӵɱģɱޣ
ŪһһϵԴۣ¡صģܵĶ㣿
һ㣬רŵչ̨һԴǺܶ˵ǺܹصģֻҪһչ̨׼ɡ
ڣǾȻžܵ㣬ⲻԴˮʲô
ȷʵɱ˲ޡ۾ž٣ԴΪҾңйɷݣΪ˼롣٣̬ȣһӦÿǣҪҪȥУЩԴˡ
ԵĻЦš
ߣϽ뵽ȥ͵ȥ󣬻治ȱǵԴ֣
٣תĿѰһӰǿԺ;ǡ
٣˵ĻҪġ壬ߣЦ˵
󣬻ȱپϵԴǣԲ᲻⡣Ҫ֪ϵԴдӷӰǺʯ߻֮ϵõģЩԴκһҵ˵ġ
˵ڶٳڣκһУԳЩԴᱻӡ
ߣǣҲһӻ
ǣôˣ
ʱһӰͨĽϣ첽󣬸ոս˴Ļ
Ӱףܣ뾰Ƕʶˣ˵ĹϵΪ׽ףҲԾ䵽ιְ֮񣬵ǱǾܾˡ
˵ˣϴһҲԿԾǵ̬Ѻá


19 ׾
Ժ;˱Ѵ뿪ʱ׵㶼ֹסŲ
ٿףʱЩȻ׵ĻУжϳ뾰ƺġ˿ǣ˫ü塣֪ʶף϶ղ辰Ǻ;ԡ
Ҳ̫ģΪȻܣҲ⴦Լ룬Լûз£ײܺɵȥԼְ
ھٿԺ;ǣȻûдġΪĹأȷʵһ˲ϵڶ㣬Ժ;ǹȥԻ͹ȴҲֻһˡ
ף㣬һЩԴǳ׹˹֡
Դ΢΢һ㶡
ղͨ˵û˵ҪԴԼҲû뵽ԼҪԴΪܣѾ̫Դչ顣ڴ֮ǰԼҲδΪҪԴ
ԣɱһЩޣ˲Դǵ˵ͷ
Ŀ΢΢һԡ
ʶĿţҲʶڣ飬ȴʧȥ˹ԡ
ЦЦԣ
ȻΪ⣬ӣҪǵġ׿񾳽ɱޣҲһˡ
ΪһԴȴܸչлһ㲻ġΪ˵ľǣΣҲܾܾ
ڽϺ׻Ǵ㣬Ҫһ¡ȻԺԻʲôˣŪһЩԴܣҲôˡ
ΪܣƽʱҪǺܶġ
ǣоԹӣЦЦ˵
ܣղ٣һֱҪءҾͲˣǿģôϿأԿûǸղžŰ̬ȣǲûٵɫǾԵķ
£ü˿١
ܣĹأһ˽ԴһͿԡΪ˽һԴ㣬ȻϹأҲŸߡ̴˵
΢΢һתĿ˿ѾΧ˲˿֣ü˵٣Ҳһͬ
ʵʱҲûоþЩԣǶԾ˲
״ˣһ䷿֮ڣƽʱ칫ĵط
ǰ˵æȴǺǣҪǾԹӳԴͿֱӸ𣿡Ц˵
£ͲҪˣڹĺܺáҡҡͷԣԴܿɡ
ֲɵӣȻóЩ׿ԵԴ󣬾Ͳ뷨ˡ
áԽƤݸס
һԵľ٣ЦһͿԱĹҵƤҪܳʲôԴҲ²⣬һͷһ޵ʬ塣
˳ֽӹĴ򿪡
Դ¶׵Ŀ⣬֮һ
ǣҲЦ֪׿ЩԴʱ򣬻¶ֱ顣Ҫ֪ԼƤʱҲǼΪ𾪵ġ
ܣ鷳һ£ЩԴֵʯ΢Цſ˵
ԹӣЩŪģЩ㵵žԡ
ܹţΪƤڣŵģȻϼֵߵĶ
ʼʱҲΪƤڴŵʲô޵ʬ塣
ǣԵ
ǺǣǾ԰ɱޡЦЦ˵
ǣ
ھ֪֪Եʵתͷ
ʲô
ⲻܣ
׽һԴȡ˳٣۾ֱˡ
Ƕޣ
ԣܣԣôɱޣ
ޣʯ߻צȫѪҺʼӿ
һͷϵԴֵһöʯ

⡭ⲻһͷʯ߻ٵĺˡ
һɺڵ㺣
֪ôԴۣνףûöٺô
ɣһϴⰡ
ǣóӰëƤצʱ飬һη˱仯ӰǣûǷӰǵëƤצ
ף𾪵Ŀ⿴ԡ
ӰǣǼΪϡеĶޣҼƻɱǿߣ˷ӰǣҲɱɹΪӰһΣգͻһʱ伣޷׷Ѱ
ӰǣҲ΢΢һ㶡
֮ǰȻڵԴֻǴԵĿһ£ԲûпӰǵëƤצ


20 ޴ջ
Ŀԣ
֪ԾѾָ죬ǣˣҲɱӰǰɣ
٣ǻڵóӶˡ
֪һʼԾǺ;Ե̬ȿһ㣬չЩԴҲ¡
ڣˣ
ʲôʯ߻֮ǣ
ײóһԴǰ͸ʯ߻֮ǡ
׿ԵĿ⣬ޱȳȡ
Ҫ˵쾳Ϊ׾Բš
ԹӣĪ洫ľ䵽죬Ǽٵģʵ
Ҳǰȷʵ䵽죬ڣѾָ졣Իش˵
죿죬̫žֻΪҲûٶʡ
쾳磬ɱʯ߻֮ʯ߻֮ǿ̶ǿǿļ޵ġ쾳ߵʯ߻֮ɱĻһ˭ء
ǵ֪ԲƭԼȻ˵쾳磬һ쾳硣
ԹӣЩһϵԴֵһǰ˰ʮöʯ
ӰǵƤëȽãǿԳһϸߵļ۸չŰöʯ
ʯ߻֮ǣǿԳһǧöʯ
Թӣ㿴չļ۸㻹𣿡Цžԡ
һʽףȫԤϡֵǧöʯĽףҲǲֵġ
ԣԵͷ
۸񣬱ԤڵģҪ΢߳һ㡣Ȼûѹ۵˼ļ۸񣬷ǳ
ҲûΪ׳ļ۸ѾܲˣҪ˵ʲô
һ¡ͻȻһתղڶģٹ£Ҫߵġ˵ʵǳѣȥĵطЩԴˡ
Եǣ⣬ɨһվԱߣעľ١
ŮˣԿɲ׷ղŶԷôԼˣҲøԷһѵ
ԵĻȫһ¡
֮ǰܵȴһˣӰһǧöʯĽףǷǳصĴ
ԣ֮ǰֲ֪æҪ͡
ˣһ֣ȵ٣ʱֹͣϵĹ㷸һǳصĴ£һȳȥɣŴ֪ͨ
ܣҡҡ
죬ȥһָޱ
ٿ׶ŭҲٶ˵ʲôĿɨ˾һۣת˷䡣
Թӣǧ߰ʮöʯһ¡ٳȥָֻЦݣóʯԡ
ֱ
ţ׻ˣʲôֶΣٸһʯ
Թӣ´λԴۣһҪҡЦеĶԾ˵
һԵ˵ͷ
ףǾ͸ˡǼϣǡ
ǣҲһʱûˣͣһԸԹӣҲһ˵
ξͲȥˣ´ΰɣ´лᣬܳԷƴ˵
ڵõʯģ쾳硣вʱ䣬һξʵʱ򡣾뿴ЩˣԼľ磬ﵽ󣬻ʲôı顣
һʱ䣬죬ֱţ
ͲˡףæŰɣԺеǡҲЦžܾ
󣬾Ժ;Ǿ뿪
壬Щʯһ֡
صԻ̣ȡһʯ͸ǡʯǧöʱȫ㹻ʹáȻ˵ԺҪʯһ޴֣Բ׬ȡʯ
һΣо͸⽣ҲôʱɱôޡӰǵʱû⽣ķɱӰǣûʲôԡ
ûɱǷӰǣҲ͵ò꾧ûл꾧ȻΪûʵɱʯ߻ޡ
СӣЦҡͷ˵ԣ֪⣬ʯҾͲҪˣԺʱ䣬ұǡǺǣ̣Ȼһ㣬׬ȡʯҲ㹻ƽʱʹˡ
˵ĺί񣬵Ǿ̬ܿȼ͵ʯȷʵҪ
Ժлᣬһ鵤Ķаһͷ
磬ȶϸ첲ҩɾȵġкܶ鵤ܹöģֻЩ鵤ΪϡкڵľԣûʵõԺʵԼлõЩϡе鵤
壬ˡԸǡ
ǧöʯһ·ûκͣص֮ڡ
ʼԹϷţóһЩʯڴ֮ϡ


21 ͻ
һתʯ̺Ԫ񽭵̾ڣˮ
ֹ֧֮£תԪҲǴﵽ˺ŵĵزһߣ˵쾳磬ϵĸ߼ߣҲԪ
졢;ߣΪ߼ߡ
ȻԻһƾǣﵽ֮ڵչԸ׵ɸԪҪظٿԪڳײ
ʹͻҪʱ䡣
䣡
һɹԪ֮ˮھԵʡ
꣡꣡
һööʯҲھлΪ촷ۡ
ʱƣھԵǰʯԪľγɵķ۳Ѿ˺һ㡣
֮
꣡
Ե΢΢һ
һɰԪӾڣ͵ĳ
Ԫڷڣγһ磬⾢緢Х֮˲佫ܵз۳˳ȥ
ʱ򣬾Ҳ۾΢΢¶Цݡ
쾳ˣã
ţ
Ŀһɨǰڷŵδʹõʯ
ڣԳԴǧ߰ʮöʯ󣬾׼磬Խеʮöʯ˳ǰڣʮöʯȻʮöֻ֮࣬ʣʮö
ģе󰡣΢΢üͷ
ûо飬Ҳ̤֮һ;Ǵһ쵽֮ⲿ֣Ҳһ˽⡣ǰҲͻ죬ʱĵʯȴĵһ붼û
ô£Ϊ֮󣿡̲סɣǲǳʲô⡣
ļʮöʯԵǲ̫⣬ʯкܶࡣǣҪΪʲôĻô
ৣ
ھԳ˼ʱһӰ΢΢Ǭֳ
ˮǰӰ΢΢˵
СһоһԪˮƺ֪Ե뷨Ц˵
ҵԪĿһ漴תԪ˵ûʲô⡣
ԵĻˮ۾ʱһɣҲӦԪǲǳ⣬ӦԪǿȣ
һ㶡
Ƭ̺󣬾Եݣ΢΢ǺҲ۾ˮ
ˮûв⡣
֮ǰ쾳磬쾳ߣ̺ԪǿȣҲǺ
һ˵Ȼͬߣ̺ԪǿȣҲġǸոͻƾ磬˵ߣǸոͻƵ쾳磬ôڵԪǿǿҲ̫ࡣ
񣬾ԾǸոͻƵ쾳磬Ȼķ֣Ԫֱÿ£ܹȣЩѾӽˡ
Ҫ֪ԲŸոͻƵ죬˵ӽҲ۷ȣԪ϶ȶԷܶŶԡ
Լﵽ۷壬ԪȵȻܶࡣ
ô£Ŀйâ
ƺǴ¡
ߣΪһǿЦģڣ˹Ƥëһֻ˵һƤëѡˣڵԪ̶ȣҲͬľĪ
Сӣ֪Ϊλôʯ˰ɣˮ˵
ˡԼĵˮ˼
Ȼ˵Ҫʯ߸ࡣǣֻҪô֮ʵҲԶԶһʵ
⣬ĺ¡
ԴԲϵ׬ȡֻҪ㹻ʵ׬Դ
ߣˮһʧھǰ
ಣ
ζһ˷䣬䵽Ժ֮С
ৣ⽣һʱܿռγɡ
Զܹĸܵĺ⡣
ˣԪô㣬ӦǿʩչˡˣĿ΢΢һ
ˣһƷѧҶһǾѧ
˵ǱҶǿĶࡣ
ˣΡһΣγһƬĻڶΣγƬĻƬĻԵӡΣγƬĻƬĻԻӣ
ǰľԣѾȫˣʩչƬĻ
վԺУԵ壬Ȼ쵽ֻܿһƬӰ
̶ʱ䣬Ծͽʩչһ顣
Ʒѧ⽣ɱҶ̫ˡ΢΢˵ͷ˵Ϊ⡣
ҲҿҵԪҪȻʩչһߣ㾫ж꣬ҲֻǿʩչƬĻѡԵ˵
ţ©ܿģԾ͸Ӧһ񹦴źš˵һ©ҲԶھԵԺ֮С


22 ٴβ
Եɫһڣ
ΪǰȫչƷѧʱΪѧǳ©
ڣһ񹦵ĺ˲飬ѧҶһʮ©
ͷ΢΢һԾȷˣһʮ©֮ࡣ
Ҳ֪˾޸©ѧ١ʵԿʼڴ
Ҷھһ񹦾˼ġҪȻҲںʯɽɱôޡҶھɱ޵жУû
ৣ
ԣʼˡ
ȻѾٷ˽©Ҫ޸Щ©ɲǼ򵥵顣˵Ҫвһ񹦴ڣԾڵ֪Щ©Ҳȥ޸оȥʱ䣬ܹǿ޸һ©
Ҫ֪κһѧǾ߲ƹģвһЩʵǿĴƹԣ˵ƷѧҪҳڵ©ҲǼѵġ
ţ
޸©ȻԪ
յʱ󣬾üͷ΢΢һ
вһڣ޸˵©Ӽ˵ûʲôѡȴ֣޸Щ©ҪԪ
ھҶʱ򣬾Ҳ޸ҪԪҶֻƷѧ޸©ҪԪȽ٣Ԫȫ㡣
ʯ
ԼûгɣóʯʼգһööʯԪϱһջΪ촷ۡ
֮˵©Ҳ𽥵ı޸
֮
³һĿйڡ
޸ˣˣӦˡЦЦ
ɵĿһתʯ۳ʱֲɿЦ
ΪΪ޸ˣĵʯȻٶöһΪ˵ˡ
һƷѧ˾޴ҪǾ޸ƷѧǿĳƷѧǵĶʯ
뼰ˣ΢΢ҡҡͷҲΡٶ࣬Ҳȥûѡ
ڣҲʯԪʹԪ޸˵©ҲʵҲࡣҰοһ¡
޸֮ǰԵľ磬ǸոͻƵ졣񣬾֮󣬾Եľ磬Ѿﵽ۷壬˵һֻŶ̤쾳ˡ
죬Ǹ߼ݡ죬ֻмݡߣԽĺ蹵޷
ȷ˵֮ĲһСϪô֮Ĳ࣬һ󽭣
죬ÿһεļӵʵӣ
ȥԿ
ԽѧʯͷȥЦ̤뿪ԼıԺȥ
ÿµһ죬ҵãޱȵ֣ļӵܣͨʵһԴ
ھϵ͵ļӵ˵ͨʵʯǺҪ;֮⣬ҲֻȥʯɽɱޡʯɽζԼʱܻᶪԣľӵܣһ㶼ȥʯɽȥҲΧ
μʵ飬ȻΪʯΪͨ󣬼άʮöʯڵľ˵ʮöʯʲô֮飬Щӵܿġ
ЩУвٻ쵰һֱЦԾ粻ϵġԣҪʵעǵ졣
̤ãԵĿ⣬Ϳˮ΢΢
ʵˣ
ˣϸµĲ飬ˡʱҵʱڳٺ٣쾳磬ҵľ綼硣һͷС쾳羰ӵЦ˵
ô˼أ
ΪöʯƤҪˣ
Ǻǣ峤Ȫ֪ҲΪ찡
еڶྰӵܣڿԺǷܵ
˴⣬£Ѿ䵽졣
ЩеۺͼЦû˵ʲô˸λվֲԵĳϽԼȥ
ҪʵЩ쵰ͨͨ죡
һβ֮󣬾Ծ̻ȥ״̬Ȼû꾧ٶȣͻ쾳硣
¸µĲУҪԣ߼ߵݣͨ顣
ԣƤǹģ
Ŀ΢΢ȴԱߴһĵ
üͷ΢΢һתĿȥ
ˣо¼ɣľ硣
ˣ˫üһ壬Ϊǰ⾰¼ɣҲûʲôìܡ˫ĵط࣬ӦûжԹŶԡ
ǶԷΪλͷԼ


23 ۽
Ӿ¼ɵĿУԸоó˶Լк⣡
ľӵܣȻвҲ۸ԼԼǰѹûеԼ
⾰¼ɣȴź⣬ֱվԼǰ˭óԷԼ鷳
ԾЦЦĿһҲβμӲԣ㾰¼ûйϵɣ
ûйϵ¼
ߣôûйϵԣԼľ粻ϵ䣬ϸûϣˡڣȻҪװ˷ѼԴ˷һԴҪ˵õԴͻһЩ˵ôûйϵйϵ뾰Һܶˣйϵ¼Ц˵
¼ɺ;ԶԻʱڳپ˵ע⣬ǵĿ⣬ϡ
ԣ˵ǰڣõʯ治㵽ôôԴġȻõôʯμӼԣһöʯĽ˵Ƥѵ𣿡¼Ŀһɨܵˣֿԣ
ⷬԻȻˡ
⾰¼ɣڰﾰٳͷ뾰ٹϵǳܡ
ȻٲܽԼô߱ˡ
֪ڳ˴ԴģҲôˣ˾֮⣬һףһǾԵ徰ǣһǾ١
ףȻ˵¡ǣӲܰ¸߾¼ɡô¼ɵϢضǾ١
ھ¼Լ鷳ҲܵٵָʹԼȻó棬ΪϾǳ¼뾰ԣͬȻ¼ɱȾԴ꣬ʲôͻڵԱҲΪ¼ԴС
¼ɰ˳ͷǿҪʵġûʵǿͷ³ͨܲҡҸҿ϶ڵġ׹
ڣǾٵĴھ٣Ȼ뱨Լ
٣ίʵ
٣ǺǡаЦһ
ǿЦЦ֮ԣҲ·ͷҪǰ㾳֮ǰ˵ĻһܷʲôڣһѣȻҴԲѡұҪѵѵ㣬֪֪ڵλá¼ɿЦһȵ
Ͼԣ붯ֵġ֮ǰ˵Щϻ޷ǾҸֵɣֱܲӾͶִһ٣ԱϾ峤ӡڣøһͷ
쾳磬ĳֻ֣΢ָѹˡ
ȻۿóôֵԴǾٿ϶ЩԴǾԴԼɱϵõġ
⵹־٣ûˣЩǾɱףǲš
㣡Ϣ΢΢һ
룬Լڵʵжǿ
ϣѾ۷壬ܽսԾԼԶһߡľ¼ɣҲ붷һ
ԣʵ
ʱ򣬴ǰĳϵ
ǵ£Ժ˵ϽԼ֣Կž¼ɣ˵һ䡣
ߡ¼һ
һĿע£룬ˮ
ĳϣϣλ峤ϼ
һβԣ峤Ͼԣ֡һΣĳϺλ峤֡
ţλϿԣ˵ͷ
ԣμӲ飬Щ⣬Ҳο٣֤ûб򵹡κʱԼˣǾûϣˣҵ˼ĳϾӢԾԻ˵
סԻӦ˵֪ĳϾӢԼ˵ⷬǺ⡣
ԣҲмӢ
ԣͲһľɡϾ֪Ҳ˵
ǣӦ
žߵˮ֮ǰӢ;֪΢Ķһۣҡҡͷ
ȻΪԸеϧ
֮ӣȴǲ֪ΪʲôԵʣ粻ϵ䣬䵽ͨļӵܶĵز
ϸ¾ԲμӲ飬λҲ֪һΣԵľΪ쾳硣
ϣûмɡӢип峤ˣϧ˭ҲﲻֻܿԼ
ӢĿУ¶˻

쿴Բˣ
ʼˣǲ²£Եľ磬Ǽ죿
Ӧûɡ
ٺ٣ҲҴģҲֻʣ¶Ϊ
Կʼ飬ܵľӵܣĿⶼ۽ȡЦš


24 ⲻ
վˮ֮ԣ΢΢ˮ
ٿ£̺Ԫ֮ӿ
ˮƽϣһ⣬ӿȥ
һ죡
죡
⣬ӣܿ͹һĿ̶ȡ
죡
ףһµʱ䣬綼ûеѽΪ˾һ
ˣ΢΢ͷ
ܿģǵһΪǺȻ֣ˮĺ⣬ȻûԽĿ̶Ⱥֹͣ
ô£
죡⣬׾ٵľԾĿ̶ϡ
ﵽλãʹвˣӵΪ
Ӣ;֪λҵĳϣĿⶼһ¡
ϸµĲ飬ԵʵΪ죬һɡλϣȻȻΪ£ܱס粻Ͳˣȴû뵽ԵľȻû뽫෴Ļˡ
⣬Ǻܳܳһʱ䣬ûзˡ
ԴӾԽѧԺΪԵʱ󣬾Ծʹδйı֡һ㣬ҵĸ߲֪ġ
ϾΪ˾ԣҸ߲о£ûκΰ취ŲѷġȻôԸһߣ
λϣ໥һۣ֮Уһ˿
쾳磡
ʱ򣬺⣬ٴγ̶ȡ
ʲô
ⲻܣԲܣôܻﵽΪ
ϸ²飬ҾۿĲ쾳硣һʱ䣬ͻ磬ﵽΪ
һ;ûнݾ
κˣʵʵһһӡʵǡʸߣߵøһЩԶһЩǣҪһ磬ͻƵ죬ǲʵ顣
ڶٳʷϣҲûгֹ
ѰߣʷǳߵģҪͻһ磬ҲҪķѴʱ䣬Ҫһأϣ
ԣԵĲʵﵽʱڳˣĿⶼЩֱίʵš
쿴졭죬쾳磡ȫ𣬲
ۻ˭ңǲۻˣҳ˻þ
죬һʱ䣿
ڳľӵܣԽʵЩУʵˣھʧƵʱȡЦԿԵЦҲһЩˣҲΪԸеϧڣЩˣҲͬ޷Լʵ
ͺñλϣ֪;Ӣͬ۾Щֱǣ쾳ǿߣȻΪΪ𾪣ΪԵĽٶȶ𾪡
˵ǲµġĴԣҲһЦ֮Цˡ
ǲţҲšʵǰǲˮˣǣˮֶΪƻǼ⡣
ˮڵĺ⣬ֹͣ
ĽǾԣΪ쾳ߡ
ջֱۣ΢΢˿תһȺĿɿڴľӵܡ
ⲻܣҲţ
¼ɣĵͺһ˫ĿĶžԡ
λϣҸҿ϶һǲˮ⡣¼ɣδɥʧǣĿһתλڳĳϣ˵
ԣǲˮˣ
ҪȻʵԽͣԵľ硣ϸ£ʵ
ϴˣˮ
Һ
ĳϾӢһ˵
ºڳľӵܣ͡
Ӣֿһ۾ԣˮһԪӶˮڵĺ⣬ǲϵ²
Ժ󣬾Ӣջƣ֪ĵ˵ͷ
ˮһûκ⡣Ӣ˵

Ȼ
ԣľ磬Ϊ𣿡Ͼ֪žʵ
ûڵľ磬ȷʵ졣Цŵͷ˵
ţ쾳磬棬ʮöʯ֪óʮöʯݸԡ
ȻڵľԶʮöʯ⣬ǽ˹СҲ⣬ӦõģȻܾ
ҲţǲܵģԣһʲôɵֶΣλϡ㣬ôĵӣ¼ĿžԺȵ
¼ɣ㲻Ҫ̫ˡңҲɫҲһ䣬ŶԷԵͺȵ
ҲҴԲѣԣղ㲻Ҫұ𣿲ڣǾͱһΣģҲ۸㣬ҾͽҵԪ쾳硣ֻҪϲܣҾͳ쾳磡Σ𣿡¼ɼɫ


25 ս¼
¼˵ĻܵȺٴΰ
Ŀתԣ뾰ԸҲӦս
¼Ϊ˵ʹõԪ쾳磬ϿȽϹƽʵϣֻʹԪ뾰ԶսĻҲġ
ΪԽߵߣԪƿԽǿֱӵʩչѧ
˵쾳ǿߣǿĽһϵ͵ˮƽҲܹԿġǣأǶѧķӡ
¼Ȼȥŭúʧȥǣʱ˼ǳʵҲ˵Բ쾳磬ĵҲףȻ϶Լˮû⣬ǾԵľ졣
㾰Եľ죬ҲԲ֡ԣţϧ˵ԼˮƽΪþԴӦս
ܾԣǶԾ衣
ľҵһţٳǵĵһţȴУⲻ¼ɵΪٱԡ
ãȻȣҳȫ㡣΢΢У˵
룬Լڵʵ
һЩһ񹦣ԵʵɲǱô򵥡˵ԪȻṳ̂쾳磬Ԫ̶ȣһߣҲδرȾԸӻ
Ӧսѵ䣿쾳磬Ҳܻܾ¼ɰɣ
ܶӦս
˵ҲŶ
ܵľˣԶķɢó㹻λá
ãռԭͼƽʱкܶྰ似໥д衣
Ƭ֮󣬾Ժ;¼ɵܣһߵӰ
λϣڶһۺҲûгֹ
һ˵ӵ໥д裬Ǻ¡ҪȻֺαĵط
Ȼд裬ҲƵġǾǣԱд裬Բ˵ԷǵߡҲǣ㵽Ϊֹ˵һĻһֹͣ֡
ֳ⽣¼ɣֳһڵĳǹ
ԣҪʱŶȻ˵㣬ɲҪң¼ɣЦһ
ղŭɶȴȫ侲ɴ˿ɼҲǼ֮
ϻ࣬Կʼˣҿ㾰¼ɣʵжǿЦһ⽣΢΢һΣһת
¼ɣһ̣Ԫӿ籡кɫǹһߣžɶȥ
ȷʵǿԼԪӡ
ǹ¼ɣһͺȡ
ߵĺɫǹʱڿһƬӰǹӰһƬƺˡ
Ʒѧǹ
벻¼ɾȻܹǹʩչ̶ֳȡûȫǹҲӦ˴󲿷ְɣ
ûܹѧʩչĳ̶ȣϡ
ܵľߣٶ
ΪҪѧǷǳѵġԼ򵥵ƷѧҲǺѣҪܳʱȥ
ǹӵܣ඼İ
ʵϣƷѧƷѧȻ෱࣬ھҵı֮Удĸѧǣҵӵ֮ࣿԣκһѧ϶оӵ
Ҳǹ¼ʩչ˲ͱϳԭ
֪;Ӣλϣ¼ʩչǹ΢΢ͷ͸Щ͡
ſ°ɣ
¼ɣԼսޱȵţǷЦݣͳԾԺȵ
ĺãԭ⽣Ȼ֮䣬Ǳһâ
Ҷ
ԣʵѾƷѧ˶޸ãԸ⾰¼ɣҪʹƷѧҶѾ´ࡣ
ҶΪһɫĽâ뾰¼ʩչǹӰײһ
ţõƷѧ
ȷʵƷѧҶҲѧ
̫԰쾳ΪӦҲǿʩչƷѧ˰ɣﵽ쾳磬ֲûƷѧȴƷѧսʲô
һʱ䣬ܶ˶¶ɻ֮ɫ
Īǣ֪ԼذɣԾȻ´ˣ
ҪȻʵҲԭ
ƷѧƷѧʵ̫ˣȫһΡ
ȷ˵ͬߣԪ̶Ҳͬ˶սһʹƷѧһʹƷѧôĽضʹƷѧܣǱ˲ɱ
ܵĲˣҡҡͷⳡսûʲô˼ˡ
䣡
似ײһһ죬֮һԪȻܿ񱩵翪


26 λ
̨ϣԵ壬ȵվԭء
ΧԪƣΧȫ⡣
ʲô
ⲻܣԲܣ
һ˫˫͸Ų˼Ŀ⣬Ķžԡ
ʵǣ̨Ϸ龰޷Լ۾ľġ
ǿӦñ޴ܻɣǱɳ̨㾰¼顢㵽ΪֹնɱԣǾҲԻᱻֲѧܻɳ̨Ŷԡ
ΪԾ쾳磬ʩչȴƷѧ¼ɾǽ죬ʩչȴƷѧ߽Ӧ̷ֳŶԡ
ô£ѵ¼ɹˮܾԣǣΪҪƾԣ
Ҿͣеè壬˭ܸңǵǲڶս
ڶݵļžܵߣ궯
ϵ͵ߣǾ¼ɹˮ
ǣϸߵߣȴޱȵ¼ɳ˽֮⣬ûκηˮءҲ˵ԣȫƷѧҶӲĵס˾¼ɵƷѧǹ
סþ¼΢˺һЩҲ˵һνУ¼ʵ΢·ġ
Χλϣǵۣ΢΢һԺ;¼ɶսϸڣ޷ǵ۾ǿߣ̨˵ÿһȫú
Ҷʲôʱ֮ˣ֪͵͵˵
ĳϣѵҿˣⲻҶ֪Ŀ΢΢һתӢʵ
֮ʾӢûеģΪڹȥӢҲҶҶУҶɫġ֪΢ЩɣʹõҶǳƵƷѧţӢ϶ܹжϳ
֪ʻӢȴ΢΢ҡҡͷ
ãҶһɣ
Ӣ˫ü΢΢һأУôһ𣬺ϸ΢Ĳһ˸ֱ治
ԶҶֻ޸ص©ı֮ȱʧǳǳ١
ǾӢҶϤҲıĵط
ĳϣ˼ǣ֪Щ⡣
û´ĻҶԸĽˡңĽķǳɹѧ࣬һɣѾƷѧˡӢ˫Ŀâһž̾˵
ʲô֪ĿҲӿֺȻ֮⡣
Ľѧ
ޱȾ˵ϢҪĽѧѧ̫ˣǳǳѡ
Ҫ֪ٳǣʮʱ䣬δػһܹĽһѧͼƷѧ
Ľѧѧҫ˿ͻƵ֮˵ϢȷҴȥôٳǶһ£
ܣܣ
¼ɣȫ΢΢һžԣȡ
ڳУλ֮⣬ھʩչ似ˣ¾Ǿ¼Լˡ
ĸ֪ʩչҶ̺Ŀܣ˿ʩչƷѧǹ
ʵǲš
ƷѧôӵпƷѧܣ
һˣ¼һָоǣƺˡ˵ûȫԸ
вָоȻţš
ԣ΢΢죬ҶǱȽġȻȷʵˣԪʹûȫԸѧʩչͬûжȫ
Ҫã¼ɷƾ磬þ¼ɶǿȻ˳ģ׻ܾ¼ɡҪã¼ɾԼԺ󲻸Լ
¼ɣӦõ³ǰ뾰¼йʲôԹ⾰¼ȴΪ˾٣ԼˣһĽѵ
¼ɣҲˡЦ˵

ԣȥɣ¼ĿкâһϢۣŭЩʧȥˡ
һɿµԪ֮ڣӿһԪȸղǿö࣬ҪȫԸˡ
¼ɲԼľˣ
ãҪΪԸԡ
вߺ˭ó¼ʳˣڶս֮ǰ˵ҪԼľ죬ڵһνûܻܾԣѹƶû޳ܵķˡ
¼ɣ֪ĿһҪǰֹ
¼ΪֻΪĶսȻ̫ԿˣΣաԣ֪Ҫֹ
ȵȣӢȴס֪Ķ
ϣȿ˵ҾãСӸղŻֶΰӢǷЦ˵
ţ֪תͷ΢΢һ㶡


27 
䣡
飡
¼뾰ԣӰؽâǹӰ˵Ӱڸס
ڶ̨ܵߣܶླȽϵ͵ģܿģӰΧγɵ̲ؾ޴ܵĿ磬Ϳɿʱ˵Ķսҳ̶ȡ
Ӣ;֪ҲŶսͬʱԪתʱ׼ָԤһս
ΣǶþھ¼ɵС
ȻֻΪҪ֪һǰֻ졣һʱ䣬磬֤ǸٳǵһֻˣǰҪࡣ
е㲻Ҫ˰ɣ̨ܣЦ˵
ǣս֮ǰ˵Լ죬ȴˡǺǣŴҵ
¼ɶȫΣˣ
ǰԾܣҲûʲôû˻˵
ϧˣ̫ˡһмߣһ߼ߣ˸п˵
ǿԲǾ¼ɶ֡˾磬һ󾳽硣Ҳ죬Ǿ¼ɾԲǾԶ֡
ԣ¼ɣնЩŤ϶ܵЩеŭʢ
Ϊ־ܻܾԣѾƴȫȴȻ
ڿʼʱݺ辰ԵģڶྰǰԻܡڿѾǲܵģܻܾԣҲþ١һߣܹһ߶̶ֳȣ԰
һ㣬Ӵʱߵܿó
ˣ
ʱ򣬾Եӣȴ
ʹƷѧ뾰¼ɶսһҪĿģĥԼѧ
޸Ҷ֮󣬾ԻδʹѧԵУںʯɽֻ֣һβ㡣¼ɣΪԾ˵Ȼһܺõĥ¶úһ£˷ѣ
ܰɣȫԪ΢΢һٶȶȻӿ죬е⽣ҫһƬɫâ
ǣ
һƬǹӰʱпѵļ
â˲͸˽ȥ
꣡¼ɵ壬һâɨɶ
¼ɣҲǷһҽУһˤڵϡ
ǹص©Բ١
ȻԴδѧڶս֮УԾѾһЩ©Щ©ԱãӶɻܾ¼ɡ
Ȼˣ¼ɵľ̫ߣǾԾʹõѧ©Ҳûκΰ취
˵¼ǿߣǾ㲻κ似ԶԲǶ֡
ϧ¼ûôߵΪľȻȾԸһ㣬Ԫ̶ȣ
һս¼ɵʧܣǱȻ
ңԻûʹƷѧˡ
¼ɰˣ
⡭
쾳簡ȻľԶ֣
ҪϹˣ£ôܷôܷ
¼ɱһɳȥܵľˣһʱ䶼ûзӦǰһ˲䣬Ժ;¼൱ɱѷѽ⡣ȻˣѾúܶˡһ˲䣬¼ɾͷˡ

¼ɣһ㣬
¼ɣûܵʲôصĴˣϿҲϣһЩѺۣǱâɨġǣЩѺڣûжѪ
¼ûվ˼ûڶľߡ
ˣҰܵúܲҡ֪ΪλôǿһǾԵʵǿܶࡣҪɱĻѾˡ֪ǲǸøлûɱ֡
¼ɾԼһƬհףЩ˵ƺˡУޱȵİûڣΪʲôԼҪƾԣΪʲô
¼ɣ֮ǰҾ˵ҪΪ˳ͷ㹻ʵСȻͻڡžήޱľ¼ɣԳ˵
ûɱ֣Ҳԭġһԭ򣬾뾰¼û̫ĶԹ¼ֻﾰԼڶԭǣ棬ӵܱԿԣǲɱολڳ
ĳϣ˵һ㶼ûСӣǡ֪Ƭ̣һӢ˵
ʵҲû뵽ȻСʵȴû뵽ܻܾ¼ɡӢ˿˵
ţһǰΪڣΪˣĽҶ似Ϊľ¼ɡĳϣǲ˵Ǿҵţֻˣ֪
ϣβ飬ȥ峤Ӣһ
ã֪Ŀ΢΢һ֪Ӣ˼ͷصӦ
Ǹԣֻˣңƺǰࡣ룬峤֪


28 лĴ
ʵ飬У
֪ĳϾӢ뿪ã΢΢һڳľӵ˵
Ŀ⣬ҲĿԡ
ԸоϵȻȥǼ֪ԼЦŵ˵ͷ
Ը磡
Ը磬̫ˣȻܾ¼ɡ
Ըһֱż񡣡

սܵľҳԱвٶԾԴк
ԣҲ΢ЦӦ
һδ۷嵽͹ȵḶ́ԶԺܶ飬Ҳÿˡ
ʵ˹ά㡣ûʵ˸Ͳ㡣
ԶЩˣҪ̫⡣
λֵܣһҪȥˡԶ˹˹֣׼뿪á
Ըߺã
գ뾰ԸȾơ
һƬĹάУȥ
ȻҲ˶ԾԻָ飬ڣҲһЩϸߵľӵܣԵĿܸӡһֵ㺣Լ֪ʲô
ףԸ磿
ھҪ̤ŵʱ򣬼Ӱ˽Ϊ׵һΪľ⡣
⣬ȻҲʵġ
ʵϣھڣ񾰴ĸ߼ߣÿ¶ʵֻٲ֡һЩˣֻԼʱŻ龳硣
Ǿÿ¶飬Ϊһ㽱ڰ˵׬ȡʯķʽкܶˣöʯĽڰ˵Ѿʲô߼ȥʯɽɱޣֻҪ̫ÿһʱ׬ȡһǧöʯ̫ѡ
Ȼˣڶٳǣ߼ҲǺܶࡣĴڣ߼߶Ǹˡ
ʵҪԭǣϲ˵ĹάϲĽĿ⡣
⿴ԣʱЦŴк
ⰡҲЦŵ˵ͷ
ǺǣԸʵǲ𣿡Ŀ΢Ц˵鿴ȥȣصıĺͲмȴԡ
ǰ׼ߡЦЦ
ھˣҪ˵ûŭǲܵġڻǷʱ򣬾ϾǰߣԾԼҪܶԷһЩѶȡѶȣںܶʱ߽ٵȵȡ
Ըȱʯ֪ϸҽһЩʯԸ㡣ȵȣҲõٽһЩ
ɲСڳˣĻȻҲǹġ
ŵļҳԱЦ
лĺ⣬ˣڲȱʯˣϸ½öʯ㡣ҪлĴ󷽣öʯҴæóöʯ΢Цݸ⡣
ʱһ㶡
û뵽Իỹöʯʵϣûϵöʯ
һʱ䣬ûȥöʯ
Ǻǣֱһöʯ㡮žžĵڵϡ
󣬾߳õš
ʱڲپӵܣ򾰴Ŀ⣬һЩΪǿʱ򣬾һֱھƨɺģ˭֪ǾԵˡʱ򣬾ҲӾеõĺô
ҲˣԲǰƺȥҾʯǾֻöʯԡǾóʯ黹˻֪¡
⾰⣬е˰ɣ
ǰܵôĶݣھȻ˶ԾԸ磿
ĸƤ
һЩӵܣжڸ̣Ȼǲھǰ˵ʲôе뷨ֹˡ
ɶ񣡡ֱ뿪͵սȭͷŭ𼸺಻ס
öڵϵʯֱڴһô˵棬ážž졣
磡
һ뾰ϵõľӵܣߣһ䡣
ôˣһɨ
Ǿԣˡӵܣѹ˵
ʲô
ⲻܣһ𾪵ĵͺȵ
ϸ£ۿԵĲΪôһʱ䣬ʹﵽ쾳磿
ǲܵ飬ֱ췽ҹ̷
˭š
ģǶġңԸոջ;¼ɶսһ¼ɰˡӵԽԽͣԸܵĿеŭ⡣
ৣ
һɨʱѰҵ¼ɵӰֻ¼ң˫۶ʧȥ˹ʡƺĸոձԻܵӡ
¼ɿ˾һۣһ仰û˵첽뿪ȫ
ôܣôܹٲԸţǰ飬ɲš
Ȼкܶˣ˾Ժ;¼ɵĶս
ǣԾΪˣôܻܾ¼ɣ¼ɣǻʵΪ
⣬ͷתݺݵһ
ɶ񣬾ңԣҲȵҵͷϣһᣡֱзġ


29 ԾԵİ
լԺ峤Ժ
ĳϣôпչҰӢЦ
ҰǾ峤һϮۣš֪ĳϾӢ츺ÿһεļӵʵ飬ԼӢ΢Щȡ
峤ΪԶӢ˿ҰĿһתֿ򷿼ڵһˡ
ҲڡӢϵߵ˵ͷ
ߣǾҴϣоꡣ
ԣ
Ұ΢΢һͷ£ֲμӼʵ⺢ӡԡ
ԣԲμʵ顣Ӣͷ˵
峤ھϣķ˲ٵԴû뵽ȴʧˡһʵ֪ôġʱӿ˵
ĻӢüͷ΢΢һ塣
Ҳ֪ԾһֱЩ˳֮ۡȻΪԾ䣬Ҫԭ򣬻Ǿ峤ҲǾԵүүһЩ϶
뾰Եүү峤֮λһᣬˣԵүүΪ峤Ϊϡ
ԣΪٳǵһŵʱ򣬾ԾԵ̬ȻУӾԾ翪ʼ䣬ûиԺɫˡ
ϣô˵ǾҵһţӦõԴ峤޿ɺǡҰ˿ҡͷ
κһ壬мԱƽԴЩʸߵģõԴⲻ⡣
ĳϣ㲻֪ոֽӵżҲѯʾԵⶼδŻؼˡҪʵûʱ䣬϶ܻˡҰЦЦԾӢ˵
ǾҰŮ츳ϣҲǳľˣǾʮɫӵ֮һ
ѧԺǰԽģеѧԺͬҲѧԺ֮һĺѧԺ
ѧԺȻһĴڣҪѧԺҲޱȵѡ
ߣѧԺ
һѧԺܵõ˿ԴܻĽݡ
κһطѧԺߣܵõܴ𾴡
ǣܽѧԺߣȴǼ١
ԾԣҲǹˡ룬þȥ򡣶һҵĿԿȥھ˵뿪ٳҲǺ¡Ұ˵
峤ǵĶԣڶٳǣЩ˲ᳰЦˣңŲõӰ졣뿪Ļʱ䳤ˣЩȻҲ͵ˡϾ˵
ӢЩɫʱ΢΢һ䡣
뿪Ժ
ֻЩûʲôϣļԱŻᱻ뿪Ժ
һ뿪һӣ¾ûʲôϣˡ
²ףӢɫ΢ϾͿ˵
ĳϣʲô˼峤ϵ׽ԾҲĸ顣ǣѵһֱڼ֮𣿡ϢһЩʾӢ
ϣ㲻Ҫôż£˽ĻӢü˴һ˵
Ǻǡ˽ⲻЦһ
ĳϣǣҰƽ
ҵҵûʲôҽ峤Ҫ˵ԵӢֿ˴Ͼһۡ
Ըողμӹ飬ľ磬ѾˡӢ˵
ֵҾ֪ò˶ãԾͻᾳ⣬ΪһͨˡϵЩ
ϣ˵ˣԵľ粻ֵˣǽˡӢҲЩŭžꡣ
ΪϣλߣȨֻ峤һ֮¡ǳȴ˻𼱻ǵĸһ뿪壬峤ӣΪЩݡ㲻ϲԣҲҪôżɣ
ˣһ㶡
û뵽Եľ
Դ쾳磬һ·ֱֻʣΪϸ²ʱȷľ硣Դûй
ĳϣ˵ԾˣѵصΪˣ峤ҰҲ΢΢㵡
Ǵû뵽Ҳû뵽ղžӢ˵ԵѾΪҲȻΪԿܵ䵽Ϊˡ
صΣߣ۾˷ߵ
峤ļӵʵ飬ҺһֵͬġոգԲμӹ飬ʵҺȷصľ硣Ӣ΢΢һЦ˵
˵ʱ򣬾ӢĿ⿴ž꣬Լⷬ¶ֱ顣


30 Ҳ
ʲô꼸
ԭϣʱҲһվ˫ĵžӢ
Ұͬ۾һԲȫϢҲ֮һ䡣
쾳ΪȻþ;Ұ˾ǣϸΪһʱ䣬ͻָ죿
ôܣ
̫ˣǵľԣԶԶôһʱ䣬һ磬Ѿ˲ˣο磿
ĳϣȷҰ˿žӢ˵
ʵѾ±ضģӢƭңֲǾӢһһʵ飬Ͼ֪Ҳڳ
һ˵ڣ϶Ҳдľӵ
ֻǣһţ
ҷǳȷӢЩεзǳˬ죬峤ʵȻָֻ쾳磬ʵȴǳ󡣡
󣿡ҰĿɻ
Ҿһλ߼߾¼ɣشҲ֪԰ɣӢĿһת򾰴ꡣ
¼ɣ굱Ȼ֪
پǾŮ¼ȻǴϵĵǾ뾰¼ɵĹϵȴǷǳܡ
ĳϣ˵ʲô˼ŽеѹһžӢͳ
¼ɽ䳡뾰д裬սԻˡ¼ɣΪӢЦ˵
Ұ;꣬һ
ⲻܣ굱ͺ˳¼죬㾰Իָľ磬ҲǾ¼ɶ֡ĳϣںҪȻǾ¼ɿԼľ硣
Ǻǣ¼ȷʵǵ˵棬˵ҪԼľ졣Ƕս֮УûκοˡˣǱԻܡӢĿо
뵽ʩչҶѧӢоܲѡ
Ľѧɲһġ˵֮µߣǿߣһʱ䣬ҲδܸĽһѧ
ӢоųϵİգȷԸĽƷѧҶҪȻҶô
峤Ӣ̬һ䣬ԾҰ˹֣˵Իܾ¼ʩչ似ΪҶ¼ʩչ似Ϊǹҹۿ˵ĶսȷԵҶĽ࣬˿Ʒѧй֮
Ӣٺܿ죬˵ú
ĳϣ˼˵ԸĽҶĳϵⷬҰиһɾˣ΢΢Щ
ģǾ̫ˣ
Ҫ֪ƷѧȻҲмֵڶٳǣƷѧǺ׹ġƷѧҪͲôˣҪһЩ
ȻĸĽҶĻĳϵ˼ԸĽҶƷѧ壬ɲþҶһƷѧô򵥡
ƷѧҪƷѧѶȵ͵öࡣҶĽǾþûдﵽƷѧӵܣҶʵõͻͽ
ͷתҰܿ뵽Щ塣
ӦòҲܰٷְȷǾԸĽѧӢĿй⻪˵
ڣ
Ұ
峤һ˽ԾҰ
ȥҰѾ̲סҪ̼ˣҪ뾰̸̸

У
¼ɣʧǵģ
ˣΪ١
Ȼְͣˣδÿʱ䣬ǻڡ
¼ɣٿ¼ɣæеĳ
֪ǾÿһεļӵʵӣҲ֪ڣ¼ɻƾԡ
ΪġǣþԺùҪڶྰ˵棬þԱݺݵ衣
ôǾԣûеսЦݡ
սˡ¼ޱ飬ܰͷӦ
üͷ΢΢һ壬Ҳ¼ɵľƺ̫ԡ
ǣΣ뵽¼ɻᱻԻܡ
ʵϣκһˣȥ뾰¼ɻ뾰ԵĶսܡ
ôˣѵѵ㲻ɱ˾԰ɣ˫ü΢΢һ¼ɣֻҪûɱԣû¡ģЩϣҲκ㡣
ٵȻе˵ЩΪĸףǾҴϾꡣдϱӻһС⣬һ仰ͿܹȻˣɱ˾ԣǾЩ鷳ˡϾ峤ӣھڣһЩ߲㣬ԾŴġ
ûûɱԣҡҲܣ¼̧Ŀ˿٣촽˵


31 ̬ȱ仯
¼ɵ񣬿ȥЩն
ʱȻ뾰ڶӣһ˫۾ȴǼĻҰ
ȻԴòᡣ߲ӰһӣҲֹˡ
¼ɵĻʱ۵ԲЩ̫¼仰˼
ûɱ
ɱ
ô˼ѵ¼Ǵɱ֣ȴڳĳˣ
ɼˣ¼ҲʧǵӰɣĪǣǵûаףԼ
¼ɰûϵģǻöࡣǾԣԺ󲻻ʲôӹˡٿ¼״̬۵ĺܣæ԰ο
ٹùã㡭ҡҲǾԶ֣¼ɣ͵ĵͷޱ
ʲô
¼ɣ˵ʲôڰο¼ɵʱ򣬹ЦݣǣʱϵЦݣȴһӽϡ
ҰˣھϡԵʵ֮ϡԲùãûá¼ɵ򸣬š
٣Ҳ֪鲻ˡ
ǣǲ֪ô¡
¼ɣôܻܸڵľԣ
¼ɣߡ٣ž¼ɣ뿪žҵլԺȥ
صլԺһ̽ٱˡ
ԣʵͻͽ
ϸ²飬졣²飬졣
һʱ䣬磬ӵͼߣмߣһǿԻܾ¼ָ߼ߵмߡ
ⲻܣ˻
ףΪξ¼״̬ˡ

峤Ժڡ
峤ң
ԣҰ뵽
峤ټûие⣬õı֣þҺܶ𺳡Ұǲټǲǹ¡
԰ò飬Ѿ֪ˡܺãǳãĻָٶȣò˶ãػ۷塣ҰЦݡ
ϺĳϣҲ
л峤ģһŬ۾΢΢һС
԰һ£㡣뾰¼ɶսʱʹҶѧĳ˵ʩչѧĽˣѵԼĽ𣿡ҰȽֱӡ
ھҰʳ仰ʱ򣬴Ϻĳϵ񣬶ھϡ
Ҳ֪ҶǲǾԼĽġǾԸĽģʲô˰ﾰԸĽģ
ܽҶĽƷѧǾԲһǴڣôԣʶ˵ģ
λϣ峤Ұסžԡ
ȷʵҸĽѧҲϵҰ˵£Ҳ׼
ԳԼĽģҰˣĿⶼһ
ҶȻǾԸĽģôԣΰ쵽ģ
һ£ȷһ¡
ҰΪ˵ǼٻԼȻϣӦþʵοѾ֤ʵʩչҶܡ
Ұ񣬷·ð
ܸĽҶΪѧҶߣָһ¡
ǣȫʱ䣬ڻָʵ֮ϡ˵
Ե˼ҰȻ֪Ҫ˵ǣʱûʱָԱҶ
ԣ͸Ϊ๱ףʲô̬ȣϾĿһ䡣
ϣҵ˼ˣҲǲԸΪ幱ףû̫ʱ䡣Կ˴һۣЦ˵
㡭Ҫŭ
ϣҰ΢һ֣Ծ˸ɫ
԰˵ģ⡣ģڣֻҪҰƽ͵Ծ˵
л峤⡣Թ
ԣģͰıԺ֮⣬κ˴㡣ĳϾӢҲ
áԶԾӢ˵ͷ
ԾӢǺкøеġԼ粻ϵ䣬ܶ϶ΪʱĳϾӢҲһֱ֧Լ
Ի֪ӢҲͬүү֧ߡҪ˵ھҸ߲о׽ˣλĳϾӢˡ
Ǻǣ԰ҪʲôֻҡҪʯṩҪԴṩҰžԵļ˵
Ҫһ峤Եͷ
ô˵ʵûҼҪԴҪʵȷʵҪԴʹüԴԺʲôҪæҲѡһѣͻټָ߲ˡ
ԣ򲻵ѣüԴ
ǾԣȻȥɡú׳ҾҡҰ˵
峤ĳϣҾˡ
Թ˹첽߳峤Ժ
Ͼ꣬ɫһӺ뿪峤ĳ񣬾Ȼûж
ʲô⾰Լ˼
쵰ɶ
һؿڣܵĺܣҪйǾѾˣƺʧȥ˷й


32 鷳
뿪峤Ժ첽ԼסСԺȥ
һ·ϣԵͷҲת
峤ҰԾԣ̬Ϊġǣһ㶼ûɵĸо
ڴϾϣԸܵ˵⡣ϱˣԶԾ֣ǾҲܲ׼ΪֻҪ΢죬ʾһ¶ԾԲǾͻһվԾԲ
ңĴƨˣһץһѣϵȨ̫ˡοϵĶӣǾұܣں̶ܴϣƹܾԴķ䡣
үүˣģֻԼ
ֻҪ̤쾳磬ϣҾͲʲôѹ
ףʵ
ұ룬ץʱˣ˫üʱ

һļڣҪƽƽʵǺѵġ
ǣû̫ǱǾû̫˹עû˹עҲû˶ʼɡ
ǣֻҪֳɫֲڶʱѹЩʵˣ鷳ͻ
Եүү峤ڵʱ򣬾Զûܵƣ˵ˡҪ徻͵ӵʵЩ쵰Լǰ
ԣ
ԼסСԺǰǿվ
⣬£Ŀ
߲ơңһΣֱӽ֣ϵĿʡˡ
ԣҲ˵ϻҾ㣬ɸһսĿ˸ˡ
ھǰʵЩԱġ
ʢΪ˵õôѸھǰκ£ԾհϹޱȣУ֪ٴ侰ԡԾ䣬ڵ˻ᣬԼ԰Ѿˡ
ҪѣҪݺݵĲȾλΪһ죬̫á
ԭһж˳ھҵĵλҲڽǣͻȻ֮䣬ļˣѾָܶԼǾûЩͲڡ
ЩΪԣ
ԣ˵⣬Ը⿴֮һ
ԣҾԣҪսԡ룬ھ˵ǰܾԣ֤ԼȾԸ㡣
ûʱ䡣Цھ뷨һ
ƾ㣬Ҳң
񣬲мɨ˾һۡ
ȻڣȷԼܻܾ⡣⣬ѾΪһҲǿߡ
ûаգԵȻǿ
Լ̤쾳磬ȾˣͺһֻСè࣬ԼΪβȾ˵
ԣĪǲңЩܻŤ
ⰡûʲôµĻ͸Ͻ߰ɡˣһҸ棬ҵĶ֣ĺԶ԰˰֣Ƶᡣ
㡭ⲻģҧгݡ
ǣǲӦսҲûʲô취
žԽСԺݺݵһţݵֱԽ뷿ջء
Ź˰ʱһԵСԺ֮⡣
ĳϾӢġ
ǵΣǱ֤ԲһЩ߰˴š
֮Уϥ
࣬׼ͻˡͻƳɹ죬߼ߡ
л꾧ҵͻƣӦû⡣
ںʯɽɱӰʱõĻ꾧ԾԵİޱȵľ޴
ʱһЩ꾧ֻС֡ʣĻ꾧㹻ԳԴͻƵ졣
ţ
ʱ棬ͻȻûвһ塣
˶Ҳ
ǽȥҾǹ
һ뷿䣬ޱȵſ
ԵĿУҲһȻ֪˭˾֮⣬˭˿
ȻһҾԣĳĻסҲ֪Ѷˡֻод󱳾ˣŻ᲻ĳϵĻ
ŮˣȻԷǣ¶棬Է϶ĵģҲԼûо
ңԼҪ治¶棬Ůˣǿд롣
֨£
ţ˳ȥ
ţˣԵ˫üǶȻһ
ӰվԺ֮⣬üģ⼸УΪ׵һˡ
ˣ˫ֱһϮɫۣϢƳһ˫۽ڣ˵ĺâ

Ͼĵʵǿ
Ҫ˵ھԾ֮ǰʮڣ츳ߵ˭϶ǾԡҪ˵ʮǰҵһˣǾǾˡ
ûҪȾԴʮҡھ֮ǰˣǾҵĵһţҸ߲ҲûþҸ߲ʧڶʮʱ򣬽֮ҲɹѧԺ


33 ս
ৣৣ
һ֣ٵ˵Ŀ⣬Ȼת˹
ԣԣһ˫ɴĵڣŭĻⱬ䡣
ʮ㣡
ԼǰٵֱӿԪ
һˣĳϵǿǶԾ١ҲΪѡ
ңǾǿҲ
ǿߡǶ֣Ļ˲ͻᱻӳȥ
λ磬ǽҲûΪѡ
ȷʵҲûκΰ취
ھٵƳţýֺͷҲ뵽鷳ġţԷ⶯֡ǾҲüɵ档
ԵĻ΢΢һۣҡҡͷ˿һˣٵȥȻȥ֪ͨĳϾ鷳ˡ
ԿһȺ˽ԼԺ䣬Ŀеľ϶Ƭ̡⣬ίʵʧ˸һ͹һھ󣬾Ҳһ̾ЩˣǼͷ
ʵϣһ;һҲг϶ġɴʱȴ
𣿡Գ۾΢С
ԣã¼ɶս𣿡һʦ̬
ԣ¼սңһˡԵͷ
¼ɴʱھߣƺûдӴ߳Դ
ԣôĵӣҴ¼ɡ˵Ҫ⳥ٶţֲϸյžԡ
ٵ仰ЦŮˣ̫ˡ
ڶսУԸû˾¼ɡ
ο㾰¼ˣҲûʲôΡ
˵ȫȡ֣Ů˾ǲҲǾ¼սԵġ
ԣû˰ɣʱһֱûгľˡ
ڣٶʱͣȻǾĹùã˭óȫԾհ
ԭܼ򵥣쾳ǿߣһξ峤ߡǳҲñȡ
ǰԿžͷ
үүҾ峤һֱܾүү
㾰ԣҲҾҽʮĵһţʮǰǾҵĵһšˣоҳԱעĽ㡣
ҽս飡
㲻¶үүԾܾӦսҲǿж㶯֡
һӦ֪սҲɱ㡣ԣ㲻õԼ
󣬿˵ÿһ֣ʯһأûھԵ֮ϡ
ⷬԵɫҲȫĳϢᣬȫļ⣬
ˣڱԼ
ԭԼǿԾܾģȻֻһЩ˱ԼûʲôԼܾĻǾ͵үүߡ
ԣѾȥүүɳ
ԣ㵽׸ҲӦսǲңҲû⡣ֻҪǿͷϴǾͲ㡣ȻʱҶ֪㾰һûе͹ˡţܶ˲̸㣬Ҳ̸үүүүʱ򣬿һӢģһûйӣڵ£Ҳʧټ䱰ӵ̬ȡ
磬ҿԿ϶Ӧսģ֮ǰսͷڹ꣬Ҫ˵Ƕˡҿؿͷˡ⣬žԡ
ʧ
Ǹٳǵһţٴˡҡͷ
Ҫսң԰ɣͻȻڡ
ţˣ΢΢һ㶡
ӦսǣһĿ
ԵȻɵԼڵʵ뾰սǾԷһжܵס˫ľ̫ˡǾܾǸС
˵еЩ⣬ǿڵ
ʮǰľҵһţҲʮľҵһš˶սӦоӵǰºǾһεĴȣҾãӦڼϣսһоˣۿһսѹеʢŭ˵
ҪΪԼȡʱ䡣
ʱ̣ܶǣԼ˵δûϣϾԼ̤쾳硣
ĿǴһ˿ȣãǾº󣬼ϣһָ¡˭Ǿҵĵһš
ʱ䣬һζ˵ʱʲôΪʱ䣬ܹɳԼȼĵز
ô͸Էʱˡ
ߣһ۾ԣת뿪
ˣȻž˾ԵԺ䡣


34 
⾰ԣ֪ѽ
ȷʵҽս飬ǲ֪ߵغ񡣡
º󣬼֮ϣм߶μӡʱ˶ῴԱһлܡ

뿪ԵıԺļߣ׷׳ƨ
ΪҪʱأ˵ͽձӦսܾͷлˡٲ޵ĵ
ģ辰ԡڣȴҪʱ䣬Ǿ׿ͬ⣬ˡ
˾һۡ
㲻΢΢ҡͷ
ʮǾҵһţǶٳǵһšȻһʱ䣬䣬ΪѾŵλ䡣ǣھڣв˶Ρƽ
ָǣҵĸ߲㣬λ֮У˶Ծûгġ
ڣѾлָͷ֪ˣϸ²ʵΪ졣£졣ٶȻָò˶ãػ֮ʱ򣬾ͺѹˡ
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һ˵ǼҪġ
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ԣֻܳɹʧܡ˵ʱġ
ҪˣԵϢ
ţ
⣬ãüͷһͻȻӦͻȻһֻʹ
꾧̫׺ˣڶʱڣȡ̫Ļ꾧
˵ǲһ񹦵ǿͱˡΪǿߣҲδظ̻꾧
ɶ񡭡꾧̫ˡԽ߾ȫĿƺҪ
һ񹦣תܹ߶ļޡյĲһ񹦣Ƥë̫ǳˣ
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ʱԱߣһᱻԵıŵ
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35 Ϸ
ŭ
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Ϊһֹͣתһ񹦣˲ͻᱻֱ˺ѡܱסһҲضΪˣϣ̤
ȻԸûֹͣͷͻƵޱȼᶨ
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£ȫ֮ϣҪѪҺ
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꣡
ڣԵȫҵһ¡
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ڽϽλõΰʣɲ֮䣬ͱԪ顣ϣֻʣһϸܼɲľм

ԣȻվڿз衣˫ڣɫĹ⻪ҫ档
ǣһ˿ҪɺԵѪǸղͻƵʱӲҧԼ촽γɵġ
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Ȼǰʹù꾧Ҳ֪꾧̺Բһ㡣ҪȻҲǿǿ߶ۺˡ
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ȻˣҲǲһǿҪ񹦣ģҲһᱬˮٺЦ
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Գĺһŭѹ
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ıٳǣǿ˲Цˡ
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Ҫ֪ͼ꾧ǿˡһͻߣһ꾧Ҳȷʵܡ㣬ԪޱᣬͻʱҪԪ࣬Ҳôࡣ


36 
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ˮһ˵˫üʱ塣
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¶ı飬ˮǺٺһЦ
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СһӦ֪ɣˮ
΢΢һ㶡
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ʵҩʦҲҩھðյ˵ǱزٵġǣһߣֻҪһЩͼҩͿԡЩֵҩһ߸ò
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ʵǣ߼ҩֵ̫ˡңǸ߼ҩЧҲһ޶ȵġ˵߶ϸ첲ˣ߼ҩҲ
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ЧԳԾ֮Уʱ
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˵ţˮӰʧھ֮ڡ

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ĽƷѧ˾㼸öʯƷѧعҲļǧöʯ
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ڴӼ屦ڻʯǸ붼롣ܵõһЩʯҲֹģһԼǷ顣
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޳ܵĶĿкӿһ㣬ʳϣ㵽ʱ򲻻ڵΪ


37 ޶սЭ
ңĳϾסԺ
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ĳϾӢԣ΢΢Щȡ
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ŷǳһҹӡȻҲкܶҵˡ
ǶٳǵԱҲкܶ࣬棬ӵܡ
ʲʲô
̨ڵŮԵĻ΢΢һ㶡
ΪģȫѹסġԲս̨ߣǳǳ١
ԣŮһûӦ
ҪμӶս̨ظһ顣
㡭ǾԣŮߣȻʶԣ˳
ԣǾԡԶŮЦ
Ŷ͸ǼϢʣľǣŮ߷·ŷӦæóʵ
졣Ц˵
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ʶԣҲ֪ھԵĴԡ˽Ҳ̸۶ٳЩ׿ߣȻҲ̸۶ΪԸеϧϾʮڣٳǵĵһš
ǣԲǵ䵽һ㣬ٳںܶ߶֪ôͻȻ죿
ԣ졣Цŵͷ
߼ߡŮᣬ˵߼ߵĶսҪܴ㣬ȥܴˡ


38 ̫
ܴˣλǾҪμӸ߼ս
ĸŮߣԴһɫΪɫķ䡣
ڣһɫȹŮӣòޣĶˡ
ŮˣǾԣ΢΢Щʧ񡣶ԷĹǡ
Ǽ޶սЭܣ
Ŷü΢΢һĿ⿴ԡ
ԣҵľԣٳǵһţĿУŵЦ⣬Ͷ֮䣬͸޾⡣
žԹŮߣп˾һۺ뿪˷䡣
ȷʵǾҵľԣٳǵһţҿɲҵĿƽӣȻ
ԵȴΪ֮һ
ԾԣҲ˽⡣ϾԷǶٳǵһš
ڵľԣ䣬ûյķˡٳǵˣڲ෹ȻҲ̸۾ԣЩ̸ۣ඼ų֮⡣
֮һΪԵɫԳڸոռʱ΢һЩϾͻָ
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׼׬һʵģѡ̫Ķ֣ЧͲԶˡ
㻹ûǵϡЩѡ֣ɲǶսģҿԸ㣬ͬУǵʵǷǳǿġ΢΢һ˵Щ̫׾Ե˼ˡ
޶սЭѡ֣ȷʵͬе̳ɱޱȷḻÿˣһɱﵡ
˵ڶٳĴе쾳ߣǣսЭ쾳ѡֶսܵļʣԻھų֮ϡ
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39 
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ԼԼǧöʯЦ
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Ϊսȷ֮󣬾ͻῪѺעýֺͷ룬Ҳ뵽Ѻעĳ𱬣ҿ϶Ѻע츣
ĳɣΪһ㡣һûκѺעԣǾ츣ٵͣ޶սЭᣬҲⱾġ
ûѺң㵹ǿԷġԼԼϣѺעǧöʯУܿʹøʡԿĳɣЦ˵
ʲôĿԲ
仰ȷˣԲǿЦ
ԣҪս츣
ӡ
ҿ԰Ŷս̡֪ΪʲôʱжսȽϺãʵ
޶սЭĶսʷһǹ̶ʣһǸʡ
ʾ˵ڶս֮ǰǲϱ仯ģгԼʡȻѺע֮ǰսЭͻѺעˣһսǸʡ
Ѻע˲ܸʣǿԷѺעֻҪѺעǾ͵Լͬ⸡ʵķʽ
ԽԽãҸʱġ˵
˷ۡ
Ǽ
ǾͣһʱɣھͰһ߼սڣЭǩ˰ɡóһЭھǰ
սԵõöʯĶսֲһ䡣
ǵͼмǸ߼μӶսߣܵõս߼Ľߣöʯ
ԴſһЭ飬ûзκ󣬱ǩԼ֡

޶սЭһ
ʲô
츣Ҫսˣ
죬׼ʯѺע츣Ķսɲôģ˵üŻһԲܴ
һΣһҪȫʯѺ츣ϡǰһսֻѺһʯǿˡ
Ҳżȿ츣ս˭ĸġ
еˣڿսЭҳľ޴һɧ


40 Ѻע
츣μӵĶս̫Ѻˣ
˵еˣвٶרų츣ĶսġζսǻѺע츣ĶսǱضѺע
Ȼ츣ĶսͨܵͣǼӮĶս˭
Ǯ׬ɵ
쿴쿴
츣ĶϢųˡ
ڴϿգһ޴ĺɫ˳ôֱע츣Ķϡ
ԣ
ĸеĶսЭģ
ףٳǣ
԰ٳǶսЭᣬλפľߣֱ츣𣿡
Դʶ֣ûǡߡ죿
˵仰ˣΪ֣Ӷ˳
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ҿǲǳֻþˣϵľԣѵǾҵǸԣ԰ҵľԲôˣ
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ʱһսЭĹԱ˳վڴϷҰյĸ̨֮ϣתԪ¡¡д
жսЭĹԱǧߺͨˣٵİ
ûŪô֮ǰȥѺע˵Ǻ١ίʵǣҺϵϢ̫޷ˣܶ˾ǲǶսЭˡ
λһʼĸ߼ս
ûпһսһҼ޶սЭѡ츣ߡһǶٳǾ߾Ϊ쾳硣
һսǷǳѼġ˵ʵڼ޶սЭṤôʱ䣬ûмսⳡսǧȷģܴˣ԰ŵĶսʱ䣬һʱ֮󡣡
Ҳ˵λֻһʱʱ䣬ѺעһսȡǸʡڣλԽѺעˡԱٺܿ졣
䣡
Ⱥ͵Ѻע̨ӿȥ
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죬Ѻעʮʯȫʯˣ츣ʤ
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ҲҺãѺע̨ǳĶ࣬㹻ѺעһʱڣõѺעĻᡣ
츣;ԵĶսʼʣһһ
һһ
츣һˣ
ҿգʱ䣬һˡ
ˮϣ츣;˵ʲϵı仯츣ԽԽͣԵԽԽߡ
ԵʣһˡѺעһöʯܻöʯ档˵ʰϧǾԲʤѺٶǾ쾳ΪҵԸðնһѡ
Ѻעڻ𱬵Ľ֮С
ڼ޶սЭڶһڣҲˮϱ仯֣΢΢
ãܺá΢΢ĵͷ
Եʣܿʹﵽһʮʱʵı仯ʼȻѺעˣʼˡ
ҲѺעˣٴ̼һ¡Ŀһת򷿼֮⣬ˣ
Կںȵ
֮ûһʼѺעҲΪһʼͶǧöʯĻǼܽԼһܻͣһ˵ĳɡ
ϾһսˡôôӽˮˣһѺעôأ棬ǲأ
ΪֹǣԾԲûһʼѺע
ʱ򣬾͸ô̼һˡǧöʯͶȥ˲ԼʡԼʱˣô츣Ȼͻᱻߡ
ЩѺעһ츣ʸˣ϶˷ܣٴμעǿܵġ
ԸһŮߣ뾰ڵѡ׼ڣ˿ʵ
ǧöʯ鷳ȥѺעԶŮЦ˵ͬʱҲó׼õǧöʯ
ȥǧöʯ󣬾ϵʯֻжʮöˡ
ŶŮһ㶣üͷ
ǲ˼Ϊѡ֣ǲܶ츣ѺעġŮǸı顣
Уһ뷨ˡ
⾰ԣⰡ򶼲֪
սЭѺעдĺսѡ֣ǾԲڶѺעġҪȻһѡڶעȻڶսʱ⵱ȻǾԲеġ
Ůи̣ûκαֳЦ⣬ίܾԵҪ
˭˵ҪѺע츣˰ЩЦá
Ѻע츣Ҳôʣ츣ʮһˣǧöʯѺȥջ٣öʯˡңսʼʱ仹磬ʿ϶ı仯ܻöʯ治˵


41 

Ů۾ɴСſǿɰˡ
Ѻע츣
ʲô˼ѵҪѺԼ
ǧöʯѵˣ
ʲô֣
ع㡣Ůعɫ΢΢Щ졣
ع㣬ʵҲʶԡϾ꾰ڶٳ죬Ϊٳʮɫţʱв϶Կڰ֮ڳ̤µĵ龳
ʱ򣬾Ǻ÷ϣûݶΪٳǵŮߣһ붼ľԡǣȴû뵽ʶĿ꣬ȴͻȻƶ˵粻ϵ䣬ֻΪ
ģҲûʲôˣ̸Եʱ򣬻ʾԼİĽ֮⡣
Ȼ㾰Ծ䣬Ҳ˶Ծ
ʵϣع㣬ԾԾһЩøеġҲΪԷġ
ع㣬ˣңȻ֪սЭĹ򡣡
ǧöʯ鷳㣬ȫѺҵϡԣûȻѺ츣ҿѺԼԿδָ̬ع㣬˵
ҿû衣ЦЦ˵ع㣬﹤ÿнˮжʯ
ع㣬һߡ
öʯعԴ
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ʲô
Ѻע
ررȷʵڵʣߴһʮˡѺעʮöʯܻһʮöʯĻر
ǣرõع㣬գųĽë
ŲţԼֻ˵ʤļʺܴȻұ֤ٷ֮ʤʤһᳬٷ֮ʮλᣬԺܺˡԵΪع˺øУŸᡣ
Ϊع㣬òеһӣżơԣعһᣬܲץסͿԼˡ
ȥѺעˡع㱻ԿЩڣǧöʯƵ뿪䡣
ҵסҪҪѺעأ
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΢΢ҡͷ׵ĲϣҲ΢΢һΡ
ʵĸı䣬ȻҲڼ̵ʱڣ֮УڶѺע߷֡ǺȻԵʽˣ츣ʣȴǱ֮ǰ˲١
Щ켣ڼ޶սЭѺע˵ǺʲôֻһֿܣǾ˾Ѻעˣע
֮ǰοעҲǼǧöʯûôʯһӰѾԵʽôࡣ
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˭˭ôֱʣʯ𣿡
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һһѺע߿дܶ˶֪˭ھѺעǣȻǲҵѺעߡ
˭
뵽ѺעģǾԼ
츣ˣҼ츣ѺעһѺעߣ˷ܵ˻һ
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ģһʱѺעޣҪˡʱ򣬾Եʣӽһʮ츣ʣǶʮһ
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һ֣㱻˷֡ЩߵѺעߣʱвðɫ߹Ĵк
ԹӺã
Թӣ
ԹӣмûսЭˡһѺעߣϴĵЦݣɫߴк
ͣλԹӣûжκһѺע߻ӦĿ⻺һɨϴЦݣ˵һ֡


42 ٳǵһ
⣡

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λԹӣһеİֽȡ
Ҽҹ˵ˣͣ
Թ˵ͺߵһɫߣ˵һ顣
ţͳһɫʯֱӶܵȺ˳ȥ
һʯҲмʮö֮ࡣ
һɾһܼӣǸ͵İܼӡ
лԹӣ
ԹӾǴ
ܵѺעߣһߵлһЩɢڵϵʯ

ԹӣǻӶŰֽȣȥܿģһ֮ڡ
ڶٳǣ壬ֱΪԼҡּҺ;ҡУǿһԼҡ
ԼҵǿԶԶּҺ;ңԼң˵ͨ죬ٳǵĳܶʱ򶼵øԼӡ
ʱڼ޶սЭԹӣԼӵܡңݣͬѰԼ峤Сӡ
ٳǵߣ˭֪λԵĹӡڱܶˣԵ죬Ϊٳǵһ竡ҲˣΪٳǵһࡣ
Щͷɲǰġ
˵Եڽϣһ˳۵ŮӣֱӾͻ£˴ȥ̣ӾͷˣֱӽŮӸϳԼҡ
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Թӣÿգ
ԵһսЭĹ£Ե΢Ц˵
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еģ漸ѣ£ʲôĶս𣿡Եб۾һۣºʵ
ԹӽɣȷʵһĶսʼԹ뿴£óһݶսϸԵ졣
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Ϊٳǵһ竣Եĵһţôİأ
ԣǾҵľԡЦ˵
԰ԲǾ䵽棬ôעΪԵüͷһ壬۾һɿ¡
Թӣ⾰ԣȷʵΪһ㣬ܴȷϵģġʵҲɻ󣬲ȻȷϹˣǾͲ
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һΣ츣սǲǻòͷˣԵӡ
ģȥһתԵһ˿ⷺĿվ˵
ԣ׼ڣתڵԪ츣ĶսʼҲҪ״̬ѡһսʧǧöʯУһ뻹࣬ĳϾӢģˣʲôĳϣ
ʱ򣬷űƿ
ԣΪǹԱϳģվͿ߽Ե졣
Ե죿üͷһ塣
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࣡˫ü
ԺԵ죬йìܡ
ǰԵڽǿһŮӣԿԱ֣ݺݵһԵ졣ȻΪԵ⣬ҲΪ鷳ֻһٶԷûˡ
ҲԵǺ޾ˡԵ첻ֹһΣڲͬĳϷŻҪþԸصĴۡΪʱԵʵ̫ǿԵûа취Լ峤ҲΪС¾ͳҾԵ鷳
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ԵһǾͲǶٳǵһˡ
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ߺߣԣΪ㻹ǵĵһŰҸ㣬ڵ㣬ǰһôŪ㣬ôŪ㣬Ҳס㡣Ե׶вĿ˵
Ե죬Ҳ˵ϻϽҹУҪ汻ҿȻһҪ㡣ԶԵ֡
Ե죬Ӷˡ
ڶԾԣӦռݾϷġǣô£⾰ԣô˵еȻҡ˵ֻ


43 ֱ
Ե죬ֱ˾ԡ
ĴŴ첱Ӵ֣۾ɵùԲ
Ŷˣ԰࣬ǶԺҲˬ츣Ѻעڣһʱ䣬üѺעͻȻ۾һУºࡣ
Զ֪Ե츻ĺܡ
Ե츣ѺעԾԿ϶ģΪԵѺעԽ࣬һսУԵʾԽߡ
仰Եһת
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꣬ʻߣ
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ΪԵһεľûʧĵط
Ȼ˵츣ʺܵͣǱӮġնʮһĻǧöʯѺȥ츣ʤҲӮööʯ

ԣͻȻЦ
Ե죬ʱŭĿԡ
Ե죬öٳǵһ竣ȻڱӮĶսϣֻѺעǧöʯʵЦ˵
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ԵǴһģǰ嵽ٵһ¥ɹԴ
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ʯҲڼģԵ˵ġ
ҵĻû߳ɣԵŭ
͵֣ߵץסƺ뽫ϵָֽӲժ
ӱ𼱣þˡϣһЦ
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ţߣͽָֽڵʯȡ˳
ʱڵϣһСɫʯЩʯ÷ڵԪƺŨ˲١
ʵϣóЩʯΪԵ춯ŭǣԼҲΪһѺע⡣ʯѺȥҲܵõöʯĻر
ߣΪûзաзգԵӲᣬҲӦңʵԶԵ֮ϣԵҲָֽܶ
һصʯתֱϹۣҲ΢΢һ
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ʯ
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𾪺󣬾ԵǣЦ͸ˡ
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Ϊ޶սЭȨĴĹ£ȻҲֶָֽ½ʯ𣬾˷ܵ߳˷䡣
ѺעĴֱʣ


44 սʼ
ڼ޶սЭ˵ʵĶսһ治̫󡣵ǣʤףսЭһٲ⡣
ǣһսѺעﵽһǳֺǼ㰴ոѺעĶս涼ǼΪɹ۵ˡ
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԰࣬һܣĻޡ۾ЦЦ
ߣԵһۣ̤ת뿪սѡ׼䡣
ʱڴϿյҸ̨֮ϣһ깤Աٴ˳
λ츣뾰ⳡսѺעʱ䵽˽Ѻע̨κιڴ˳սѺעллλĲ룡
ŹԱĻ£еѺעֹ̨ͣ˻ѺעҲһžܾ
ʱˮʾ֣Ҳȫ
Եʣһʮ
츣ʣʮһ
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ϣҲһ״ĺɫ˰̣ȥΪ׶Уһɫ񱳳͸ź⡣
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Ķ֣ҲӦԼ侲һӵɽ֮߹ߣӦеľ
Ǿ԰ɣ츣Цݣ˿ȥһëȻĸо
һߣֻǿֱ飬оͻᷢ
ԵȴûκεĲ
ಣ
ﬣ
ӰȻ֣ɫĵâ츣ǰ
ȵԪڿУ͵ıһ졣
Ĵ츣ĿҲžԣҰſѪڳ˹ȥ
츣һеĺɫЯű˵ĵâžϯ˹ȥ
ʼˣʼˣ
ɱɱɱ

ҪѪѪ
һĴһ߹һ˳е۾Ķž޴ˮǽڡÿһĿУðųȵĹâ
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ȻˣҲȫѺעߣѺ츣
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ھѺעˣȷʵ١ңҲѺһ㣬Ǽʮöʯ˾Լ⣬ûеڶˣѺעһöʯ
һЩѺעߣֻѺһöʯھϡǣҲԼĿǣöʯҲˣν̬ȣ˽ǡ
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˵һս˼ԹЦЦ˵
Ǽ޶սЭĻ᳤ٳǾĴ
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45 츣
ԼϣѺǧöʯעΪԼпӮϣԹעһһѡ
ЩԴˣ쾳Ϊս츣ľߣûлġ
ӣ촽˵
Ļ᳤ȴ΢΢ҡͷ
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죬ǾԵүүҵ峤
죬ҲǶٳǵĴˡ
Ҫ֪ھ֮ǰҲǶٳ֮СʱٳǵԼҡּҺͲ̼塣
ڳΪ峤֮󣬲ǿʢң󽫲̼Ҵĵλȡ֮
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⾰ԣעƽӹ룬һǰľֻ𣿡᳤Ŀһת
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ǲţ츣ƥС㾰츳ٸߣȴ˫ʵ̫ˡ

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46 
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ԣͨһ񹦣ҵһЩ츣ѧ©һЩ©ԾԵĽĻ츣ĵС
ƣԵĽĻԸЧģĵ̺ܡ
ѧ𣿡츣üͷ
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˻
츣ĳײڽĻϺ壬Ȼڿжסͺ񣬱һӣǶ֮Уٲܴ


47 ѧں
߲߲߲߲
츣ĺɫ񱳳Ե⽣˵Ԫ߶֮£һδοײ
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ڴ츣ѧƵͬʱ˵ܣҲͬĲء
ԣ츣ԼΧһ㽣Ļˡ
ԣĶ֣֮һ
վ޷սʤң

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죬츣ŪСӡ
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һսɲԵ쵣ģҲһ񾭽ԵϾ峤֮ӣ㷸Ҳ̫ءһ˷ôʯ³ضޱȵҡĴᱻԼңȥʯڿ
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48 ʤ
ˣھʩչ£ŲһƷѧܡ
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츣΢΢һΪҪˡ
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츣µעûˣ
ˣҵˣ

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ԵʵģȻΪǾԲԼҹܹġԵԾԳ֣Ȼ󱻾ԻɱԼҲסˡʧöʯܱԼҹӵСס³ԻҪҡ
ţҲǴڼȵ֮С
ԵȻ˶ս̨ĿһתӰһ˸ʧڷ֮ڡ
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һͺȡ
ĻֱɨԵ졣
ڵľԣ𣬲ʹ̫ԪǣҲԵܹġɫĻɨԵ죬ֱӾͷ˳ȥûκεֿء
ΪԵ죬һ㣬žડһˤ̨֮⡣


49 ޿
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쵰ҴҼҹӣ
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ڴʱһ
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⡭ô
սЭŮߣĸع㣬ګګĿиոȡһǧһʮöʯ
ھ츣ĶսУع˾ԵĻھϣѺеʮöڣ˾˵Ļر
ھԺ츣սʱЩ֪ѺעԵͬ£ȡЦɵӡ
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50 
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ЩʯҪڼ޶սЭṤӽʮʱܵõ
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쾳ߣʯɽǼǼӣںʯɽڣ޷ͼһɱ٣Ҫмߣɱһޡ
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ЩŮˣ졢ߡңƯҲΪƯڶսЭıһݹ
عЩĽʵֻ΢ЦҲӦ
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ܿģԱ㷢ļӰ
΢΢һЦ۾Ҳз
ಣ
ԵӰѸС֮С
̣ȫʧڸߵ֮ڡ
ˣ
ԣϿʮʯ쵰ôʯǱǵõ
̫թˣ֪ˣ
ʧ󣬼ɫӰͳС֮СЩˣǸ߼ߣҲΪʵǿģǴﵽ쾳硣
ڼ޶սЭᣬԼѺעǧöʯȻǱȽصĽУɻһЩˣܹ²⵽һעǾԼѺġ
⼸׷پȻˣȻͲ²⵽һ㡣ǣȻԻ츣֪Եʵ£Ǿһ㣬Ҳͬע⵽ˡ
ǿǼ֣Ѿ˵ľԣǶ֡ԣžԣעĵطɱԶϵʯ
ȻǾˡ
ǣ֮ͽΪΪʳʮʯľʣúܶԸðգϧ
˦βͺ󣬾Աٵһ¥
ǶٳڣĽ׻ڳ
빺ľһ¥ѡ
΢һ٣ԱСûֱͣ˵㡣
ٵһ¥һ㽨
һ㣬׵ĶͨԴֵȽϵͣһĵ۲ڼöʯӡ˵ģһöʯ򵽶
ڶ㣬ǱȽԴ֮ˣԴۣڼʮöʯϰöʯ
˵㣬ĹԴˡ
㣬һЩƷѧڶݵڶࡣ
ڵ㣬˿͵ȴࡣ֮УһۿȥҲܿһ׼ԴĿˡһȻ쾰ȣͺȫͬ硣

ԣפһ֮ǰԶĵط
ӵҶϣ֣֡Ҳӵ֡
ٳǣҲ쵱֡
ƷǾƷ仰ҲͬΪ
ٵһ¥ڣкܶӣڳģǣ⡣
һӡˣҲһ
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ֹ
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ǵһ¥ĻĻ
Ĺһ»ǶԾ΢΢˵
һܽȥģҪ䷢ŵĹȻһʸõġ
ǰĶٳǵһžԣȻʸõĹʱûҲûлù䷢ŵĹ
˵Ҫʾü
ûС
ûйչأ㲻Խޱ˵
Ȼ˵ĿǾҲó޷ʾԷ϶Լȥ
ǿнȥǾҪìˡģܵġ
ǸˣȻҪء
һʲôطĶǧöʯȥҴ̼𣿡
ףҺʶһ롭ˣǲǾ𣿶ٳǾҵľԣĵһţ
ڲԶ˿䱦վ̸ЦһˣȻϳ˾ԡ
ǾԣҲһ档ٳǵһţǹȥˡ䣬ھҶûʲôλˡǺǣ֪ʲôһɨ˾һۣƲƲ졣


51 
⼸˾뾰ڵλòԶ˵ֺܴԾȫܽǵĶԻ
˵ĻҲֻü
ˣǣ洦ɼ
ǰԱΪٳǵһţĽʺޣڴƶ˵䣬Ҫû侮ʯˣǲʵ
Щ˵ǣ㾰ǰǺţ𣿲Ǻܸߵ𣿲ܼ
أ
ţƲɣЩͨߣԶԶˡ
ߣţƣ
뷨ٳǵߣһ붼С
ԣҲһ㣬Ҫÿһȥ׷Ҳˡ
ԶԴҲᣬֻҪԼ»ص֮ЩȻûˡ
ֿ˿»΢΢ҡҡͷ
ֻȥطˡ
ʵȻܹ󣬿ΪСڶٳǺܶȽϴԴ׻򵽵ġֻΪȥطû̫棬ҪһһȥܣȻ˷ʱ䣬Ҳܻ
ү
ھ׼뿪ʱ򣬺󷽣һ
תһ
ܣԿɫ۵ӣüͷʱչ¶΢Ц
ˣǵһ¥ܣԸүүˣλܵӡΪ
ҪԴܶԾԵ˵ͷʵ
ǰԴûĹεҡҡͷ
Ŷѵǲȥüͷ΢΢һɨվĻ
һɨʱͷ
ܣǼΪǿߣǵһ¥ܣȨǳ˵ˡ
ǿҲҶ񣬸ֻĻ
ҪǶܲǲõȵ죬ԺǾͱضᱻϳȥ
ԣͽȥҵҪ˭㡣ܳ˵
⡭΢΢һ㶡
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죬ѵҪҳʾ䱦Ĺ𣿡һȡ
ӵйˣȻǿԴͬ䱦ġ
ݣû䱦ĹֻҪڣ䱦ˣѵ᲻ܹ˵ܿ϶䱦Ĺ
лˡԶܹ˹֡
үүѣС²ʲôˣҪʲôҪҰæģֻҾǡЦŰڰ֡
ܣȻԾԺѺáȻԾ䣬յҫܲûһ㡣
Ƕٵһ¥ܣ
ǵһ¥ܣȻԾô
ӵܣŴһҲҵͨ˿ɱȣ
֮ǰǼЦԵߣʱҡͷ˵
䱦ĻȻء
ԣ̧Ž䱦šһξ㹻ľԵȻҲ뵽ܣһһȥѰҡ
е㹻ľҲٵһ¥ˡ
Ըս䱦ʱȵĿھϡ
Ӱͬʱ΢΢һ¡Ҳ֮ٵ
ԵҲͬʱ˹ȥȹŮߣͷɢվʮ֮ĵط
Ȼû䱦ǾҲж䱦ڵ֪ЩŮߣ䱦ĽӴңЩӴмߣûеġ
ھԽһɲǣ⼸Ůߣ඼һ׼ӴԡǣܿģǼŮߣ
Ϊ⼸ˣϳ˾ԡ
ǵĹҪԶٳЩү㹻˽⡣ԣϳԺ󣬱޷εгʧ
ʱǶԹʵǺܻġΪ﹤нˮǺܵ͵ģˣûκλнˮǵ룬Ҫɡ
ǽӴ˴ͻܴ׬һɣôܲԣͨǶԹ˿͵̬ȣҲǳȣ޲Щͻ䱦ԴˡҲͷˡ
棬ϰɣעִ磬ɱǿ˲ˡǰŮߣʱ΢΢ŤͷԺһɫȹŮƲƲ죬͵˵
ȻܵͣɻûӹԵĶ䡣Դ˲һ񹦣ﵽ˾˵ĳ̶ȣʱʯɽ׷ɱޣйû
Ů˵ĻЦЦ֪Ůߵ뷨ȻԷЩԼ£⼸ŮߣԼɣ䱦ڶǧöʯ䱦


52 ҶҪ
⼸Ůߵ̬ȣֻһЦ֮
棬ɲҪ˵û˻ᡣڿˣܲܽ׳ɹɾͿıˡ
ߣ죬͸ֵĻᣬɵøж
Ůߣúܵ͵ɫȹŮ߽
ллλ㡣¶Цݡ
ȷʵˣϽ죬﹤ʱ䡣
ʱ䣬ûԽӴһ˿͡ȻԸ⣬ûлᡣ
ڣڵ˵һλᡣ
ʵҲ֪֮ܵõλᣬҲΪˣΪոսλĶ
⣬ʲôԼҲñְĹ
Ƥ𪣬һ˫۾Ц¶ѡ
첽ߵǰ
Ծԣ΢΢һ
ʶҰҲЦ
ԴЦУо顣ӦûһĲͷھǰвͷҪڲأǼѵġ
ʶģҽ档۾ڣһĨЦ⡣
šԵ˵ͷ
ʲôԴأҿԸϸĽܡʵ
ȥɡԵ
΢΢һ١
ˣ̫ˡˣǶЩԴȽΣҲǱ˽ġ
ҩʦ滹ᾪȣɾȻҩʦ
ңݣǱȽϹģһöֵʹﵽǧöʯϡ
λ
ֻ΢ϻָЦݣ뾰Ըߡ
ǡȻ˵ҪЦ
žȥһŮߣЦ
ҺûӴȻ˷ʱͿࡣȻĻûʯһƲƲ죬Ե¶ζ
˺٣һҪҪأŮߵ
ߣҲŲءҪǰܣڣ䵽˰ɣôʯһûʲôõԴҪҲòŮޱƶ

ЩǾˡ棬ԴȽϿλá
ΪǱȽԴ԰ڷŵλãǱȽϿġ
һǧһöʯԿʢžĺ棬עм۸
ǵģݣһҩĲϣԼ۸ҲġͷҩĻǿЩֵõġ
ŶĿһ
ˣ뷽跨ÿ棬ȴԲĽ顣
˵ġ汻ţɫ΢΢һ˵
ţ֪ҶԾҲһ˽⡣Ե˵ͷ
һҪڷųֻöӦûпİɣתʵ
С΢΢һš
ʲô˼
öѵ
һöͼֵһǧһöʯöɾǧöʯ
Ǿ⻰ʲô˼ѵҪ򣬳öľ
뼰ˣ΢΢ҡͷԼˡ
ЩܴҩʦҲһιôľ
пģӦвٿ档ͷתţлӦ˵
һֱȽ״ݡĵطһ㶼ܶ࣬ͿԺܳʱ䲻Ҫ
ȻˣһЩȽСĽ׻ǾͲĶ̫̫࣬ռʽˡ
ҲΪˣԲŻ䱦
жأԵ˵ͷʡ
Ҳ֪أҿȥԵһ¡˵
ȻãԲôһö򡣵ǣϾȥ˿ⷿ鿴
˵󣬾ȥ˿ⷿһᣬ߻
ⷿڻʮöģһʮö˵
ⷿڵľҲϸһ顣
ţãԵ˵ͷ
󣬾Գüͷ΢΢գʩչչ֪ԼҪپˮǰ˵кͻ꾧ҪľǴôͽʮöɡ
ʮöҶҪˡתĿЦŶ˵

ʲô棬һסˣȷʲô˼
ʮöҪˣѵǶʮöǿҪöʯġҪǷɣǣǸòǷİ


53 
ĿɿڴģҲ졣
ȥѾóɣ
ԭأֻóһ¡
ޡõģ棬ŷӦ
ɫˣ·ƻ
УҲǰ಻סļ
ҪʮöĻһεɣж٣
ɣǶ˵ҲһޱȷĻرˡ
ڣݽ׵Ʒͬٳɽ׵ߣõɰٷֱҲǲͬġ
ԽŵԴɱԽ͡
Ʒɱܴﵽ˵İٷ֮
Ҳ˵һöʯĳɽܵõöʯһöʯɽöʯɡ
ɣ˼Ϊۺġ
棬ٵĻصⷿеʮö˳
棬ʲô
ĶȻߵĹע
棬Ȼⷿ㼸ʮöľ˳ʱ˺ü
ⷿԴôó棬㶮أŮߣҲࡣ
ԣҲͲԶҲü
ЩҪóġΪҪǶ⣿˼ĿһŮ˵
ʲô
ԵĻʱúŮһ㶡
ߣҲɴ۾žԡ
ⲻܣ
ֵ֪
Ϊһöʯüǣһǧһöʯݡ
Ůߣǹ˿ͣ䱦Ĺ涨ǾԲ˿ͷִ
Ҫ֪ܹ䱦Ĺ˿ͣԶһˣŷǳλġ
Ȼ뾰ԣ⼸ߣ΢УȴȻŲмζ
棬ʯڴȥ㡣һתĿվԭЩί˵
óʯ𿨺Ǽߣͱˡ
Ϊʲô
ΪǶ͵Ľ𿨣Ҳһöʯһöʯʲô
Уûһˣӵʯ𿨡
ʮöֵǧöʯڣʮöʯԽ˵һ䡣

ߣζһΡ
ⲻǿЦԣ㹻ʯ׼Ҫʮö
ٿ񣬶ĳͬʱǵУҲĻ⡣
áõģ棬еʮöŵһ֮ڡ
һöֻдĴָСʮöһҲռݶĿռ䡣
̨֮ǰ
ԣʮöУ
ʮʯȵĽ𿨸˳ȥһȵĽ𿨣ǧöʯֻ
İҲٴװ˴룬Ĺҵı
ˣ´ټԶЦŵ
˵꣬Ϳȥ
棬һǴ׬ˡ̨ڵһߣЦŶ˵죬ôĵӣ
ߣ񣬶Ľ
Ҫ֪һӣõһǧʮöʯɰ⣬ֻڲյʱڣɵġ
׬ȡʯٶȣôܲĽʼɣ˵мߣǸ߼ߣһۺ졣
棬ɵĲʽɣһǧʮöʯϾͻᷢŸ㡣
ʱһɫ۵ߣ˳ͷЦ˵
λߣܡ
Ȼģһ⣬λܶˡ
Ȼ˵ڳ۵ԴǷǳģһ׳ɹǶƵĵӡһ⣬ֵʯҲǶġڣҲܼ¶֡
˵֮ǰԼ峤СԵ죬׼һԴҲŴöʯѰˡɴ˿ɼһʯĵжັ
ллܴˡ棬ͷ
Ҳǰĸмԡ
һΪɼĵλȹ̶ˡ٣ܴˣסԼ

ھԣͬʱ
ٳǣٴγ˼ҵĴԣСƹݲ¥̸ԵߣǷǳľˡ
˵ʲôҵľԻ츣
ҿ˵Ϲܿһ˵Բ죬죬˵ģΪǣ߻츣ӽˮ˰
ЦˣڵĴԣԽԽˡ

ÿһطƵ̸ۡԣٴγΪ
ߣЩм٣ңֲԼڼ޶սЭᣬмǧ˶Ŀáţžȥһߣŭĵ۾첱Ӵֵ硣


54 Ӣ
Ϣڸմʱ򣬼˶Դ˶֮Աǣмһˣ
ǣʱƣģֱĺͲмʼʧԽԽˣŽ
Ϊڼ޶սЭۿһսˣʵ̫ˡ
һϹ˵ܳˡ˺Ҳѵ㼸ǧˣں˵˵
֣ٴαٳǵߣߡ
ܾʲô磬ܹ츣ľߣöٳǳųɾŵ߶Īˡ
ʱѾŰص˼֮ڡ
ĵһ£ȥĳϾӢǷžӢԼǧ߰öʯ
ԣ
Сӣ̫˰ɣ
յӢıԺ֮ǰԾͿӢƺŵӡ
ӢڿԺ󣬾˷ܵıԾ֡
ԣͱŴһУ˽ȥ
ĳϣ֮ǰʯԴ򿪰һɫʯԺڵʯ֮ϡ
һʯһö׼ȷ֣Ӧһö
֮⣬ϣһȵʯ𿨡
⡭
ӢҲЩֱ
΢΢󣬾Ӣݾһ䣬Ȼʣԣѵҵʯȥ޶սЭѺעʹˣ
ӢѾõϢ˵ڼ޶սЭ츣սһ츣
ڸϢʱ򣬾ӢȻȵ𾪡У̫ġԣܿȥȷϢȷϺ󣬾Ӣ֪һжǧȷġ
ԣԺ󣬾˷ܵþԽԺӡ
ڣóôʯȻ뵽ڼ޶սЭ֮УһھעǧöʯעˣӦþǾԡ
ǧöʯĻرʮһʯ֮ޡ
ǵģЦŵ˵ͷ
ԳϣӢϢһ֪ʯʲôõġ
ԣǡȻеԼѺעǧöʯ
ԣѾ쾳ˣһ󣬾Ӣ˫ĿŹžԡ
ţǰŽ졣ֵ˵ͷ
㡭㡭Ӣסˡ
Ҫ֪ھϸµʵ֮УԵľ绹졣
Ҳ˵ڲһʱ֮ڣԵľ磬ʹͻƵ죬ֱǱ䡢̬һٶȰ
ӢĳԾҪ֪һʱ컹Ҫ
Ϊʲô
Ϊ죬Ѷ̫ˡ
ھ֮ڣжߣ죿
ҪȻôʵÿ¶ʮöʯߣһöʯ
ڣ߼ߵҲǺܶࡣ
Ȼ⻹þӢŵģԽǣΪȻ츣ľǿߡ
츣ʲô
ǾӢҲ˵츣Ĵ
츣Ȼǿߣ֮£츣ߡ˵츣֮ѾǷǳǳˡ
ԣȴܡ
ͷת󣬾ӢһŽƽ
ãããӢ˵֣ϵЦݣ֮ſ
Щƣƺȫչˡ
ĳϣЩʯ㶼°ɣָһϵʯ
Ȼֻǽĳǧ߰öҵʯҪЩʯҲڼ޶սЭô档
໹һЩʯĳϣҲӦġ
ԣСӣҪʯ𣿡Ӣȴҡͷ
ȻҪʯǾԵ̬ȣο
ˣʯ㶼ԼԺʯĵطˡӢ֣һʯǧöӣָʣµʯԾ˵
⡭žӢ
ңȻ׬һʣġңҪġȻˣ̤龳õʲôϡжаĶǿһЩҡӢЦ˵
Զ˶٣ʣµʯ֪ӢȻ˵ˣͿ϶Ҫˡ
Ҳǣ֮ľӢ˵һöʯȻ٣Ҳʲô¡쾳ҪһЩԴһöʯҲõ
뾰Ӣ˼䣬ȥصԼסСԺ֮ڡ

𿨺;ӰСĵȡ
ԣҲѹеļ
ջʵ̫ˡڼ޶սЭ츣Ķս֮󣬾ԾһֱŬƽǻصסڣԵļҲ
˭һʾ޿ҲԿƵס
ǵϧŵ㡣Ժ׬ȡʯˡ˼һ뵽


55 Ч
쾰ڼ޶սЭһսΪʲôܴ׬
Ϊս츣ûˣΪܻ츣Բŵߡ
Ժֺ£ȷʵǲ̫ˡ
ٳǵ˶֪л츣ʵȥ޶սЭжսЩѺע߿϶Եעʽܵ͡
ԣ£һ١٣ڶٳڻûкûˡ
ڴ֮ϣûʹþ
Ϊ츣սУԽԪ߶ޣԭΪ꾧ޱȸҵԪתޣЩ
⿴ƣ̫⣬ǲעᾰԺĶ޴Ӱ졣
ԣóҩ
֮
ˣվ塣
΢ҩ֮£޸¡
ȻҲΪһǿҪǲһ񹦣Ǿ츣սʱͿܱ˺ѡ
˺ѣһ˵ǼֱǻԵĴûϣĻָ
ԾЧɣ
ָ֮һöĴָɫ
΢΢
;С
һŨڿлʱ㡢ڳ
һ˵ֵǺܴ󣬾ٶľԪҲ
Ǿԣ֮ǰҲһ㡣
ˮڣҲȥ뵽þ
һöȫΪ֭Һٵ뾰ԵĸС
ֻоһ˿˿ڸھۼ¶ȣƺ֮½һЩ˿˿Ƶĺ⣬ȫ
ܿģڵԪûκο֮£ӿڸۼ
ȵԪγɵ۵һڿʼʱ򣬵ȻǷǳܵģֽȻͬʱţԽ
ԭΪԪ̫ңʹҲ֮ࡣ
ЧЧԶʱϲĿй⻪
Ȼˮģûʹþ֮ǰҲȷЧʲôӵġڣԲǳ׷
ʱ󣬾⣬ȫʧ
ţ
ԣȴȻһ۾һɡ
һ
⡭Ҳ̫˰ɣ
Чʧ󣬾ȻȲȥתԪҪ֪һöľ幦ЧΡɵתԪ󣬲źȻ֣Ԫǿȣ֮ǰһءңתԪḶ́Ҳ
ԣЩš
ڴ֮ǰԵľ磬ֻĳڡͻƵϾȥ˼޶սЭ츣ս
Ҳ˵죬ʵϻкܳһξ롣
һöȥк˲ֻ꾧þԵľ磬ͻͽ
ĽٶȣһǧݣҲΪ
ٶȣò˶ãԾܽ졣
ڣ뾰ҵļȣҵʱ䡣ʱ䣬ܶݡ
ڷþ֮ǰԶԼʱһնûУڣԾãԼİպܴˡ
ŰɣĿоһ
ٶȽһö̷ȥ˷ܵѹԸţ̺кͻ꾧
һȥ
ȥ
һȥ
ŷõľԽԽ࣬ԵʵҲԽԽǿ
չʱ䣬ʮ֮󣬾Բ΢ͣЪ
죬Զˣ
ʱ򣬾Ѿܸоڣ쵽֮ĸҡ
ʵϣͻƵ죬ҪȴͻƵ򵥺ܶࡣ
Ǿ⣬쵽죬û̫ʱ䡣
вһ񹦣ڣл꾧Укͻ꾧ľӵôԴǻһͻƳɹǾˡ
Ҫ֪֮ǰԾǶٳǵĵһţ츳ǲǿҲʮ̤֮꣬ڶٳʷϣδֹġ
˵Ǿûвһ񹦣ٶȶͻƵ죬Ͳ̫谭
ȻҲûϾͿʼ
ʮʱ䣬Ԫ̫̫࣬ҪһЩʱ䣬ڵۺԪӦ״̬ѣȻٿʼͻƵ졣
ѭ򽥽ģԼʱ䣬Ե״̬ʹﵽѡ
ˣ
ڣýͻˡ졭ʼɣ
ȡʯ׼ʯ̺Ԫ
ͻƾ磬ҪԪһ㡣ڻл꾧ҲҪȫ׼


56 ͻư
峤Ժ
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λϣ£ǸõΣҰ͸һء
Լңһ磬ţҪǾҽԣ˿ûǾҷǵ̬ȣǳšǣԼҵʵλҲԵԪǵ龳ǿߡǲᣬºءҰɲ
Ұ˵ԵԪԼ峤
ٳǣһ峤Ҳǵ龳ǿߡ
֮УԵԪΨһĵ龳ߡ
Լ֮ԶԶҺּңҲΪһλ龳Ŀǿ
ٳǣҲҲ龳ߡҲͳˣԼսЭ᳤ȼˡ
ЩҺԼΪ˶ԿԼҵʴҲò֣γˣǿǿƵԼҶԿ
죬ԼˣΪԶ
Ϊڼ޶սЭԵԪСԵ졣
ҴһЩϢдԵȻްƷǳءܴܵˣȬ֮ΪҲ˲ԺҪҲǺѡ
ӼˣԵԪȻޱȵķŭԣ϶ݡ
ʵϣԵԪΪǣ̫󣬿ֱӾɱϾˡ
Բںңںּҵ˹ϵҲÿǶٳǳĸܡΪһеĳȻ뿴Լĳڣģɱ
ԭԵԪžʱͣȥҴ
ʶȤԣ»ǾҲǺɾ˵ˡ
£ΣĳϾӢ˵
ڼ޶սЭᣬ츣սԵ˴ʯֱ϶̨͵Ϯԣ󱻾ˣܹ־
ʵڳˣ֪¾ûεġǣڣԼ峤Ķӣޱȳصѹ
ĳϣҪ֪ԵԼҵķŭԼҵ𣿡Ͼ꣬۾̧̧ɫɬתһȦƤЦⲻЦ
ԼҵȷʵޱȾ˵ġ
˵ǣĹϵ
ԼӲӲܻᱻ塣ĽǾζܳܵġ
ǣҪҽԣͬǲܡȲ˵ھָջԻͣǰ;ޣ˵ҪǾΪԼһ仰ͽԣǾδ棿
οԻǾ峤ӡ
ԣܡԼʲôˣҾҲ壡߳ƢȽϻ𱬣òֱվȵ
߳ϣżֻµ׸ô죬һȫİ취Ͽ˿߳ϡ
峤Ը⸶һ⳥ܲԼЭһʡ
ѣԵԪֻҪԡҰҡҡͷ
λϣ࣬顣ǣЩûһܽ⡣
Ҫǽԣǲܵģ
գҰ˶ۡ
ҰĶۣƲƲҲûбʾԡ
ڣȥһּңּҵķӦɡҲȥһˡԼҪ֣ضҪõСҰ˵
λϣҲĬȻĿǰҲֻˡ
ǣ˭֪ҲһЩʱˣıʡ

ԣѾչʱ䡣
ķ׷ţ֪
ڶھ˵ʵеġ

һҹ䣬ŵľԣ΢΢һ
УҲһͺ
Ǻ쵽ıݣһγ֮УȻ
µԪ˲ھȫ֮йͨ
Ԫɱǿ̫ˣҲһϡ
ɹˣ۾ǸһĨЦ⡣
ӱչؿʼڣʱ䣬ڣͻƵ˰ĳڡ
ЧʣֱţĿࡣ
ǿԪԸһԼԪ
ڵң츣սĻӦǿԱȽɣͻ츣ˡ԰ת
Ǿȴ֮Ϊ뾰սҲʤ㡣Ŀ
һʱ䣬һҪﵽ졣ֻоΪҵֶΣϣܾһսұҪʤΪүүҲΪԼԣ΢΢ĺһ
ţĿ⣬ɨǰľʯԴ

ǾԣǰԴҲɹֽһҲ֮΢΢һ
ľһʮö֮ǰȫóġڣʢžĺڣʣȻֻʣʮö
Ҳ˵ʱ䣬ʮöƽһģʹﵽ˵һöҪࡣٶȣǾԣҲЩԲ


57 ն½
ĴЧҲޱȵľˡ
ԵĵľĿľġ
ֻҪԼž޴ٶҲֵõġ
֮üû뵽Ĵ̶ֳȣеЩ⡣
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ٶȣ֮ǿߣҲñס
ʯ
ԵĿ⣬ʯϡ
ʯֻԭдԼһöӣĳϾӢǧöʣǧö
ڣǧöʯԼֻһ뻹ģԶΪɫķ۳ڷ֮ڡϣһ㡣
Ҳ˵µģöʯ
ľ磬졣ԭΪջ꾧̫ԪʱҲоˡ
ԣ߶սͿԷſ֣ȫĴ߶Ԫɱˡ
츣սаգʮ֮ڣͽԷܡǻս̨Ļܡ
ҲĸоЩԼûбյĻ꾧
죬ھĸ֮£תһ񹦣ϡ˲ٻ꾧ǣĳҵĻ꾧š
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죬ӦþͿԽеĻ꾧ˡĵ˵ͷ
һŻ꾧ԾԵİǷǳǳ޴ġ
ԣ쵽죬쵽죬ִ쵽죬һ·ûһŻ꾧Ծûа취̶ʱ
ˡ
Ŀ΢΢һתԪ߶ʯ۳ھȷ£ۼһС̲ţһ˷䡣
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СġߴߴУһжôꡣ
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ն½ҲǾһѧƷѧ
ʱ򣬾Ծǿʩչһն½ˡǣлʹá
츣սʱ򣬾ʩչն½ǿ϶ǱذɵġΪֻܷӳܲûиĽն½ԶԶˡ
ڣѾǰΪԶԶһߵԪвһ񹦸Ľն½ôն½ܣӦǿ˵ġ
뼰ˣԣЩȲĿʼתһ񹦸Ľն½
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ңҲֻһּƷѧ֮
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58 Ʒʯ
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ΪʯٶҲࡣ
޸ʮദ©ԲĶٶöʯն½ֻ޸еһ©һٶöʯ
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ڣԶԴҲ׼
󣬾޸ն½ڶ©ٶʯ
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ʱ䣬©޸ɡ©Ҳ˾һǧٶöʯ
ԾͲòֹ޸ն½ˡ
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ǼȥµҼȿʼʱն½޷޸ɡ
ڣȻûȫ޸ն½ڵȱݣѾʮһȱ޸崦
ʱն½ܣضҪ޸֮ǰǿܶࡣ

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ԣ󣬳׽ն½޸֮ѧ١
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Ծ󣬾飬Ҳ뾰һûȥԡ棬鶼Դһ߰תĿ⣬·ûһ
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59 Ϲˣ
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Ը߼˵ԪЧǺģͨȡԪȽºͣҪȴʯֱԪöࡣ
ԣļ۸ҲĸߡһöҪöʯ򵽡
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ҪǵΪһǧʯɣֵõˣ


60 Ǯ
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61 죬
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º;飬ӵĿžԵıӰ뿪ǺŮߣҲţɼʱĵĲƽ

լԺԾסСԺڡ
Ʒʯ
ԣȡһöɢŨɫεļƷʯ
һ񹦣֮ת
䣡
һӴԪӼƷʯϣӿ뾰Ե塣
龰Ϊľˡ
Ԫ·𶼻ΪҺ̬۶ĿֲľԪԾ˵ٶȣ뾰Ե֮ڡ
ڲһ񹦵ת֮£ԵԪҲޱ͵š
ֻǶ̶̵ʱ䣬ԵԪԵԪԼĸеġĸо
üƷʯˬ졣ԣ泩š
ʱ䣬ʱһöƷʯΪ˷۳
Եľ磬Ҳ˰۷塣
죬Ѿָտɴ
ûżռƷʯ̺Ԫͣ
ʱ䣬Ԫ̫Ӵˡ
ҪһЩʱ䣬ԪȫĹ
һĬĬתʱ䣬ת˲
һգ۾
࣬óͻƵˡ졣
ʱ򣬾ȵĿʼһʱ䡣
Ʒʯдͨʯ׼׵
ԣһ󻺻۾ڵԪתʱƣԪתٶȣҲԽԽ졣
ԣ̷˾
ھ֮£ǴڵģԼʣĳĻ꾧ٴεı忪ʼա
䣡䣡䣡
Ԫڲһ񹦿£ھĲٿ֮£Ű쵽ıݣ͵ĳš
ڣüƷʯüͷȻһָ쵽ޣһöƷʯõ֮пʼա
ʱ䣬һĹȥ
󡭡
һܺ󡭡
º󡭡
ǰԴԽԽ١ӿԪȴԽԽˡƽܣȴǳ˿ֲԪ
ʱһ߿ԣ¶ֱӱǿƾ׵ԪֱӻɳȥǸ߼ߣҲ⡣
ˣ
ˣԵ΢΢һɺ纣ԪȻ֮䣬˷
ͬʱԵıϢ֮УһĳĴ
꣡쵽ϣǣˡ
۵޵Ԫڴһȱ֮罭֮ˮһ㣬֮С¡ת


62 
죬֮һ硣
֮ϣ졣
ˣ
Ը಻Ԫ۾ȻȻţǵЦ⣬ȴɢ˳ͻƳɹˣԣʹͨʯȹ̾硣
Ȼ˵ԾԵʵвһ񹦿Ԫ㲻κεḶ́ԪҲȶǣڽй̺󣬾ԵսеõһΪʹԪʱ򣬿ԸӾȷơ
̤쾳󣬾ͨʯ֮еԪЩˡ
һöͨʯƬʱ䣬ͻữΪ۳
ԣֱӽƷŵһʯ֮ϣʯеԪ
мʮöʯͬʱա
󣬾Ķֹͣ
ľ磬Ѿȫȹ
ֻʣ°˿š
Ʒʯö
ͨʯǧö
ʣԴԵǣҲֳЦ
ڼ޶սЭᣬһӮȡʮһöʯڣԴֻʣôˡ
ģǾԼҲ÷˼
ȻˣԵĽٶȣҲͬǷ˼
ǰԲΪڣѾˡ
ʱ䣬죬ñ̬ݿ¶㹻
ԵʵǾ͸Ӿˡ
쾳ʱ츣սͽ߱˳˶ս̨
Ҫ֪츣ɲЩͨľߣо֮У츣ҲǱȽ϶ģ쾳磬Ƿǳӽˡ
ڣ츣սǿ£һܽ츣ɱˡǻܣֱӻɱ
Ŀû뿪䣬ǼʯԪ޸ն½ĵȱݡ
Ϊ޸ն½ٶȣҲ
ȱݣֻʱ޸ϡ΢оһµ߸ȱݺ󣬾Ծͷˡ߸ȱҪ޸ǲʮɵģҪʯҲǼࡣȱݣ˾Գǧöʯӽǧöʯ
Կܲܽն½ںϡһ
֮ľսÿһʵԼܾϣǿһ֡
ͨʯգΪİɫ۳
죬ϵһƳ͸Ͷ
ԣ˫Ŀһ˫֮ͫУ財
˵ʣ˾޴ı仯
ʯʣ¼öӣ
ˡն½ں˴ɵӡ
죬ȿʼˣ
վţ˳ȥ
վԺУµĿ˫Ŀ΢΢šѧԺУϵš
ںϺѧͽն½ɣ
ԣ΢΢ĵ˵ͷ
ȣҪõһԵ񣬿Զʡ
һȵļȣһʢ硣
ܶõһͿԵõԴȻÿһļȣĲͬÿһΣǽоҳԱۺ졣쾳ĳϣԼȵĽΪصġ
ʯһӦþ֮ޣ
ʯҪġ
ԣȻҲҪԴԱͻ֮ʱá
㲻ܽȥ
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м£ҽȥȻү֪£϶ǡ
ʱ򣬴ӹرյԺ⣬ӵ
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ƺԼԺӣס˶Է
ү
ү
үһҪŽȥ˵м㡣
߳Ժźļ˿ԣϼ񡣻һ۾˵
Ҹ磬ôˣ΢΢һ
ھСԺ֮ģǾҡ
ңǾǵĶӡ
ڲھլԺڣڼ֮ǰͱһĲҵƽʱҲٻؼ塣
ԾͻȻˡǼȿʼӣӦǻμӵġ
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ұȾԴһЩҲֻжʮ꣬ȫϲμӴȵ
Ҹ磬кҡ
뾰ҵĹϵһֱܺáھ뿪լԺ֮ǰû¾ͻһ۾ۡ
οҵĸǾǡ
õ⽣Ǿ͸Եġ
үǡҲҸߣң۾Щ졣
У͸һɱߣȻǿѹŭ⡣
ʲôɫȻһ䡣



63 
ԿóʱޱȵĽ
ԸһֱǺصģȴǱƵЩʧ̬ɴ˿ɼжôȡ
ǲҾԲˡ
үҸס㡣ǣʵû취̫ˡǣҸ׺һʱ䣬Ƕͬ⡣ҵ촽ҧѪҺҲ΢΢
Ȼߵ˼㡣
Ҹ磬ȱżʲô飬ҡԵУһҲ𽥵
Ƿй
ЩˣҪջظڷеӣ˵ûʸʹǼӡ
ʱЩѾӡ˵ˣ˵ʱ䣬ԼȥǸͲǡ
Һ峤ǣҲ˵ϻүҵݸҵı飬Щɬ
ˣǻ˶
ԵȻ֪ǵĻԻ̡
ҵҪʲôԣһ
ŭ𣬼Ҫؿڱ
ʮʱ䣬Լδ˷ŭ
ǣ˵Ǿھڣ׽ˡ̶ܳȣҪĳϾӢ
ڣ辰ǣԣôԹۣ
ԻţΪǹ˵鵤þʧȥȣٳ
ߣȥУԵͳ
΢΢һ㶡
Ҿԣ뾰԰˵ԣϾǾ峤ӣ߲㣬˵ϻġ
ڣԵ˼ƺҪֱȥӡ
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ү¡ǴϵŮйصġ΢΢һ䡣
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ߺߣ٣ҿһѵΪҾǳصġʵѾ뵽˿뾰йء
Դڼƿصе󱻣ʧӣһֱڻ
Ҹ磬߰ɡģһᴦ׵Ŀһƺ⡣
УԻ̡
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Χ߽ͷӶۡ
ǣվһԣޱĿЩ
ֱۣĲšȻϿʲô飬ǣϸ΢ĶԿʱԲƽ
ǣ㣬ҲҺٹùԣ
ߣסˣٹùԵ³
֪ϷҿţҲǰװ˷Դ㲻磬Ҹطˡ
һӵĽڸĴ
˵ˣǾ⡣;٣վڲԶĵط˵ϣޱȳı飬߰񣬶žǡ
Դϴξ뾰Լս󣬾뾰ٵ˻һڿѾǾٵǰˡ
ǣ㲻ҺùҾͲùҶĹҾڷдȥߣ˭Ȳ㣡٣綾һ㣬ھɨ
죬֪ͨˣʧȥĹ
ָĽ󣬾٣ԭѹƵŭǱ
µΣֵԺ;ǵϡ
ڣûкð취ԸԣôԸһз˵ľǣСһ
ԣһ磬ʹŷйˣʰˡ
ٹùãҿֱӽϷϳٳǺˡи𣿺һϣȥɡĿ̱Ծ˵
⣬
ţӾأողǻĿܻӣûпҵӰ
Ǳ˰ɣӣˡٺЦ
ס֣
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Եͼʶ˺ܶࡣⷻڣԱϳ
ȺȻķֿóһСþԺ;˽ȥ
ٺ;ˣˣɫһĿеĹâŷŭĻ档
ԡ㣬ôˣǿԣüͷ΢΢һ塣


64 ⳥
ǣԴ鷳
֮ǰþȥҾԣֿǡ
ǣתĿ˾ߵľһۡ
æͷǱȽη常׾ǵġ
ʵʱҲһ飬ϣȥҼ߲ﴦ£ǾȴԼҪ֪Եôѵ뾰ͻ
壡
ԴӷֿȺ¶С첽˽
ǻ˾ٵˣſ򾰳ǣ΢΢һ
ԣ㲻ġ죬ǼȵӣϽȥ׼һ¡ɫأĿžԡ
żЦЦ
ٺ٣үǣ
ʱһɽӣߡ
˽оеĹƽʱ´еĸ񡣶֮һ
ǴϾһˡŹԻ̣ҪϾ뿪С
ڽ峿ʱ򣬵ҵ˵뷨󣬾ûκԥظ˵°Լϡ
һľҳԱСһˣ϶ܵõٵĺøУӶϵĹϵһ
ԵͻȻ֣þ΢΢Щ⡣
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һЩϢ֪Ŀǰҵĸ߲㣬Ծ
Ҳû̫⡣ҪһȣҲʲô
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ţ棬ȷʵҪġԵ˵ͷ
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ȥɣǶʮöʯˡԣֱͳʮöʯ
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ô춼֪ûһ⣬ҵһСᣬʲôʧ
ͷһתˣҪթˡ
ֱ˵ɣҸոգصĹһ³ӵʧӦǳǧİöʯġǧİʯɡԣһ˵һߵͷǸһӣֻ⳥ǧİʯ


65 ʲô

үῪЦ
ЦֹĿеĺԼԼиǷŭЦ
ʱǣҲЩ
ԣȻҪ⳥ң⳥ǧİöʯ
ѵڿЦ
ǧʯɲ١
Ҫ֪ʱĳϾӢʯʱ򣬾ӢҲͲǧʯֻ
㶵Ŀžԣһʱ䵹ǿˡ
ңšԼ˼άЩˡ
Ҳ֪Ի츣飬ھ붫ٳǽԶһСϣŸոջصٳǡΪԵľ绹ڲϵ䡣
ΪˣŸӾ
һ˾ǻ᲻ᱻֱץ峤ˣﻹӡץȻٷ˾ǡ
㿴ңǿЦ𣿡ҡҡͷЦݣóǧİöʯ֮û¹ˡ㲻ãҸұ֤һڡ
ԵƽɾƽУȴܵһѹ
վǰˣܻ츣ǿߵģ
ԣѵĸҺ֣
ʶĿ˿ԼķлЩĸҳϲ˵
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ĻУˣΪ
УǾҪĲҵ֮һȻö˵еĻУʮĻңһ£ĳϣҲἰʱĸ
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츣ȻǿҲòϣ츣Ҫȡ
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ͷתͷˡ
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ʱðȻҲ֤ԼǴڵģˢһ´ڸС
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ļȻ֮䣬ԵĿ⣬ɨ˾⡣
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⣡
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Ե񣬾ҲһƬ̡
Ͼͻġ
ô˵棬Ȼסˡ
Ƕˡ

͵ģϵĳŭĶžԡ
ԣҪҶ𣿺ߣ㣬Ҿɲ¡óóĳҶսһкȡ
ȻҪ뾰Խ֡
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Ҫ涯֣˲Թ۵ġ
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䣡
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ˣվھ뾰ԺܽĵطǣһԹȻǵûд
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ֳֳľ⣬ֻоԼ壬ƱһɽֱײС
ͲҽһҲǵ˳ȥ
ۣۣ
һѪڿзɳʮףˤ
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ȫʹƣȻΪأˡ
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ʲôʵ
Ǿ⣬ҲȻͱˣûм˫Ĳ࣬ô֮


66 ҽ˵
ңˡ
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үʵôôǿǾ䣬ֻΪ
֮ɾ⣬ҲΪɣ
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٣ˣ
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£Ͻץ٣ҲնΪŭЩŤˡ
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Уת١
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žһ˾Ϳٰװ׵ϣɫָӡ
˵˵ûԣվھߺʺߡ
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žһֱ̧֣۲Ӱڿռڻζٴδ
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žžžžҿ
ٵԴžԵİƣϵһζ߾ܣ޷ܿ˺󣬶ΪһµԪӲԭء
һİƣþٻ毺õգʱ͵ͷһ㣬춼ˡ
~~٣ˡ
۾ӯˮֳη塣
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ڳ˿Կ϶һ£ǾǾڽĺܳһʱڣǲͷ¶ˡûǰְ
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䣡
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꣡
ǼԱԸٶȣ˳ȥ
ƾǣҲץԣ쾳ʱ򣬾ѹ޶սЭ츣ڵľԣѾΪ;ķлôǾԵĶ֣
¡
Ǽɳȥֱײ̽ǽϣֹסǽڣ˲١
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֮ѵѾָ֮ˣ˼Ȼû
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żһ¡Զ˶٣ƺʧӡ


67 
ڽ治̫
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үһȥһұ֤޵ո¡վһһףޱȵĽš
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֮ǰȻں⣬Ⱑֲɵӡ
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뵽һ󵨺
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ǲˣܵʱ䰡ԲõЦ¶ݡ
ðɣҲϸˣͺӰ⳥һˣǧİöʯɡ԰˰֡
ԵĻһûȥ
̵ǽһ㣬Ҫǧʯ꣬һȥҲԶԶֵ۰
ᡣ
ʧǧģʧǧġţǧöʯɡ΢Ц˵
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꣬⵽ôİǶöʯðİ
үǧİټǧİ١׳ŵӣҪһ¡
ţϢ΢΢һոջ洵Цݣ˲ʧӰ
һɺ壬æ졣
ǧöʯóɣһҪμӴȣûʱ䵢󡣡۾ž
ǡҲûôʯ·صıϡ
ж٣Ե
ֻУֻһǧʯӡһ¡
ţóɡʣµʯҸʱ׼ãȻ󽻸塣ҪǾÿԲں˵ĻҲԿӶ˶
΢΢ţеʯֻ˳ȷʵֻһǧҵʯ
Ժҳڷ⣬ٱκӰ죬ҾˣǺˡԵ˵
ˣԹˡţЩ϶ԭԭķŻУߡһ֣ת˵
кһͷڶѹֵܡڣ˵һϻ
ŷеĻڰĲϣֶ˽ȥҲˣת۾ʧ֮С
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˼ʮ꣬ûУܹί
ˣӣҾͲƽˣɡˣǸ⡣Ŀ˾һ˵
٣æ첽ȥ
ʱΧ۵ЩߣҲھ֮Уɢȥ
ٱԴͷϢʱҲѾУٳɢ
ԣ㡭ܻ鷳Ǳߣ׼𣿡
ǣЩǵĶԾ˵
壬ͲҪˣԸңҲûôסЩʯ°ɡеĶԾǵ
ôУҡͷ
壬Щʯ֮⳥ʯǧöһӡǺܰģֻҪкλõӣһáЦЦ
ҲУôҪʯԣҪ˵ˣЩʯҲҪġǾܾĺܼᶨ
ü
ͷתЦ壬ҿ㸺ӪһӣЩʯɿ𣿡
Ŷ仰΢΢һ¡
ǣҲǾұȽϳɫӵܡԴʧȥһȺȻҲ뾰լԺҪ˵ĸԸôȥҲǡֻǣû̫õĻᡣ
ǧöʯĻ
ǣ˼Ҳ
ãҲСԣģһὫ꾭Ӫص˵
ţųԵ˵ͷڣҸȥˡҸ磬һ߰ɣ
ãõģңڻЩججģ飬ֱһΡ
Եʵôôǿ
ΪĻھǰֱСһ㲻һ

ң㳡
һǳӴĹ㳡
ʱ㳡֮ϣۼ˴ľҳԱѹѹȺһƬ
һȵļȣϾҪʼˡǶľӵ˵ȣȻǷǳ֤ԼĻᡣ
ңԵõ޴Դ
ЩܲμӴȵľҳԱգֻҪûʲôҪģҲۿȡ



68 Ҵ
Ӵľҹ㳡ϣͷܶ
ǿ𣿡
ûУûȿʼһʱ䡣
Ǻǣҿǲ˰ɣ
Ϊβ޶սЭ츣ܻܣڴϣο϶ܿǰġ
ߣѵˣ֮ǰǽս顣ڼȺҪһսġԼ룬ڲǸöͷڹ𣿻¶棿һӣ˵
ԼȻӦսͿ϶᲻¶档ſɣ϶ֵġһüžԻμӾҴȣȻվھһġ
ƾ͵ơӲмƲƲ졣
ʱڹ㳡ԶĵطһɫȹӰŽŲ
ȥʲôطأ
ԺҲûС
ȹŮӣֹš
Ǿ峤ҰŮ
ǰѧԺ֮һĺѧԺһֱѧԺƽʱʱص塣
ھ뿪ٳ֮ǰ뾰ԵĹϵǷǳ׽ġ
ȾԵͣҪӡ
ԻСʱ򣬾;žڶٳˣ
ǰһʱ䣬Ϊ䱻ϳѧԺصңҲһֱ׾ҰдţҪ丸׶վԡ
һλҲΪľԣѾ֪뾰Ķս
糿Ÿϻصٳǣջص壬׶ûȥҾԡھԾסСԺڣûҵԡ
㳡ϣҲûоԵӰ
ҪıܿҲԡ
ԵӡܻʱġüԾԵȻ˽⡣
ţ㣿
Ժ;ң㳡ͻȻϤӰĿʱһ˵һ䡣
ԿҲ˾ԡ
ӰһͿٳԡ
㣬ôʱЦЦ
һ㣬Ҳһʱûˡһ˼棬ھͨѧԺ˽ѧԺʱ
ԣҪ뾰սǼӣֱӺ˾Ե⣬ֱʵ
ţҲ˵ˡԵ˵ͷ
ͿôܴӦ뾰սʵǺǿġңܲ֡ҡͷ
;ˣںѧԺڣԾʵ֪ø
˭ʤ˭ܣһء㣬һսѾɱˡĿ
ҪʼˣҵøϽȥȻ˿ɲСĿŹ㳡һֽۣ˵
ȱ
үǼǵĹ£ԣվ˸к
ҪμӴȡЦ
õģ͵Ǽһ¡µ˵ͷ
ڽԵϢǼǹ˾һɫľʵӣоԵ֡
֮󣬾ԱҲ㳡֮ϡ
Ը磡㣡
ãԸã
Ժ;ˣڹ㳡ϣྰӵܣ㶼˴к
ȻҲкܶˣ˺󣬱ѸתĿ⡣
ЩΪԲˣʱҲɫ͡
㲻˵ԲҲμӴڣ㻹ʲô˵
ߣ˾ˣԼˣܱQáһӲ

ԣ̫ˣ
һΣҵġȺ뾰սֱ䡣ٳ֣Ҹ׿϶Ȱ˵ԡ
ԣҲ¶εĿЦ
ȥһļӡԻǵСʱˣʱԼ۸ֱӴ򵽶Էġ
ǻ
ʱ򣬹㳡һĸ̨ϣһӰ
ǰģǾ峤Ұλϡ
һаλϣ죬λȫ
ɴ˿ɼһȵĴȺ俴ء
峤Ͱλ֮󣬻ڶļܣʮ˵ӡЩܣԶΪǣͳϡ峤˾ҵһս
Ȼҵ߻в٣һЩӶľ쾳绤һ١
˾Ҹ߲⣬̨ϣһЩˡ
ЩˣΪͣǴ඼ǶٳǸҪ峤Ҳгϵȵȡ
͹ҲǶٳǵĹǾңļ壬Ҳͬڼȵʱ򣬻Ҫ񡣰ٳǵһԼҡ
ȻˣЩСĻܹıһЩԶɡ
Լֹһʱ䡣
Ұڸ̨ϣߵԵ
Ŀ⣬ɨ㳡
λӵܣҰתԪһ㣬㳡Ͽա
һڣԭӵȻֹеĿ⣬˹ȥ


69 Եľ
쾰Ҵȣʽʼ
쾰ҴȣΪ׶Ρս׶κ;׶׶Ρ
ȣһһǧʮӵܲμӡκβμӴȵļӵܣԵõĽΪʮöʯ
ͨս׶ν׶εļӵܣԵõӷĽΪʮ
ǰļӵܣõʯ֮ģѧڶѡѧĻһΡһɵõöƷʯڶɵõöƷʯɵõһöƷʯ

ҰӴ㳡ǻ
ʲôһöƷʯ
öƷʯֵͳһ
졭
һļȣȻôҼǵãһļȣյĵһöƷʯڶһöƷʯûмƷʯ
ǰһΣǰɽѧ㰡һ죬ֻеһнѧڶʸ񡣡
ɶ񣬸ģҲŶʮ갡Ͷһ꣬ͲܲμӴȣ
·ڶྰӵܣǲܲμӴȵӵܣ峤ҰĽ󣬶˷ܵ۾
μӴȵӵܣ͸顣
ȻҲ֪ԼڴиûнĿܡǣȴҲ಻ס˷ܵ
һǧˣֻʮܽѶȣȻǼġͼߺмߣûл
ڣ׶οʼҰĽδ̫ʱ䡣
Ļ֮󣬴ӹ㳡һ࣬½һľҺ»
Щÿˣ̧һˮ
һǣʮˮ
׶Σǲߵľ磬ÿμӴȵˣҪʵ顣
Ƭ̺󣬶ʮˮİڷڹ㳡ϡ
жʮܣӸ̨֮Ծ£ˮ֮ǰÿУһᡣ
ģ飡
һˮ֮ǰλܣһᣬгһμӴȵ֡
ȺУоĵľӵܣ첽˳ȥˮ֮ǰ
ģϣ쾳硣ܴ
ѧ飡ڶˮ֮ǰܣҲʼг֡
飡

һ֣г
ʮˮͬʱв顣һӵܣ½ǰԼʵ硣
ʱƣԽԽྰ߲ϡ
飬ʵǺܿݵģֻһӰ߳ȥ㳡ϵȴߣԽԽ١
쾳磬һλܣ˵ͷ˵

Χ۵ߣǳ궯
ߣ඼ǳߺмߡ߼ߣʵ࣬ʮУֻһ߼ߡ
ԣÿγָ߼ߣСС𶯡
쾳磬ܺãڣ쾳ߡ
ǽоߣ΢΢߰ɨһۣ߿
ۣ쾳磡
Ҵ磬ҴǰͻƵ˾쾳硣̤֮Ҳǳ飬Ҵһܶһһɫ۵ߣüɫĶΧ˽кȡ
Ǿˣԣڼ޶սЭ츣ģȻ죬ʵȴǿ¡һ˲ӵһԵ
ԣһ죬ҲҺҴȽϣưɣ˵ԵʱԴŲм

׶Σ𽥵ģ˴Լһʱˡ
ʱδμӲˣѾˣڹ㳡ϣϡϡĵȴš
ԣҲЩ֮С
ʱ̫Բ˳Ҳ
΢΢ӣҲż
ʱڹ㳡̨ϡ
峤ϲһ쾰Ҵȣӿֳľ߲ءΪֹѾо˰ɣһЩûμӲ飬ﵽʮˡһӣڹϯλϣЦԾҰ
ҵ峤ڶٳǣһ塣壬뾰ҹϵϾھҵġԣҴȣ峤Թ
ţȷʵǲЩǶʮµľӵܡҰ⻰ҲЦ
ȻҲȽ⡣
Ҫ֪ڰǰּҴϣּҶʮ֮µľӵܣһҲͲŰ˸ˡ
ȻԶȲϵһԼңּܳңҲǿϲġ
ߣ
ʱһгӹϯУžӸµζ
ڳˣóĿⶼ˹ȥ
ǸСӣǾ԰ɣСӵǺܻԾ쾳䣬Ȼ˻ԾƤúǡ峤㾰ҵĵһţʲôأߺ˵
Լҵĳϡ
ԴԼ峤СԵ죬λԼҵĳϣԾҲ顣
ֳ˵ĻЩˡ
Ұˣɫһӱúѿ


70 ע͵
ϯУ뾰ҹϵܵˣ΢΢üתĿ˵Լĳϡ
ԼΪٳǵһ壬ӵҪԶҵġϯУԼ׽ˣҲ׽ҵˡ
һˣǿֲǴ
Լĳɽ˵ƵĻﻰ˾Ŀⲻʱɽ;Ұˡ
ҰƬ̣Ц
Եľ磬ڿٻָ֮СţʱͿ½졣ҰĿеŭ֡
ȻеŭҾɽĻǶԾҵ衣ǣھҴϣΪ峤ơ
ɽҳͻǱ˿Ц
峤Ծԣʮ㰡ҿ峤ǲҪС˷̫ԴҲ˵޷죬Ǿãһ죬ٴξ䣬Ǿʧɾʹˡ˶˵һǵһǣ峤;ҵλϣҲúúõһµġɽ˵
ԳϣΪҾҲˡҾҵ飬ԳһˣҿûǲҪΪã
ʱ򣬾ĳϣӢҲǵͳĿⶢɽ
ھԣҾӵ֮һţһдɾ͡ӢĿ⣬·㳡ϣȻڵȴɫ۵ľԡ

ɽͻȻЦ
ˡ峤쾰ҳΪٳ֮һڿò˼꣬ҾҪȡ˰ɣһߣǼӵ֮һһҪ˵ʲôأɽҲġ
ڼ޶սЭԵ֮ԼǴȾҽԵġ峤ҰּҲּҴЭ顣
ˣԼҲԲںǣҰ˶ٳǵĳʱͽԼ峤ԵԪ˹ȥƴ£ΪԺԵìܣβھԡ
ԵԪȻŭޱȣǳӣҲ
ԣ£ʱͱѹ
쾰ҴȣԵԪĳɽĿĲԶ
ߣȻֻΪ޶սЭ츣ǾԶ֡˵Ե㡣ӢɫҲЩˡ
ǺǣСӣֶεǲ٣츣ĵɽζЦ
֮⣬Ȼǲžʵ츣
Ҳǣһ㣬ֻһ˻롣˵Щˣھڵĸ߲УҲˣΪʲôè塣
ǴϾˣ˽ԾԲмһˡ
Ҫ˵ܻߣ⵹һĿԡҪ˵߻ܾߣЩˡο츣Ǿеٮٮߡ
ԣ龳硣
ʱ򣬹㳡ϵһˮ֮ǰһܣг˾Ե֡
˹ȥ
ʱܺá
ԣܣ΢΢
ʱ꣬Ϊ֮һң꣬ʱҲʮ꣬ģҲϣΪ֮
Ҫ֪ھҵ쾳УĿǰΪֹŵֻһǾҰ˳Ͼ
ֻǾңڣ쾳Ůߣͬ١
磬Ů˵ȷʵҪ߲һЩ
ȻŮУҲзǳǳɫġ˵ǵĳƿһŮӡ
ţԣһ¾ɣʱԾԵ˵ͷ
ǣӦ󣬱ߵˮ֮ǰ
Ŀ΢΢ۣԪߡ
Բˣ
쿴֪ʲô硣
ǰһʱμӼÿһεĲ飬졣ڣ֪˲˻ǽˡ
ԣ֮ǰ쾳䵽죬̣κһˣԴ˶¡
ԣԵľǽͣܶˣҲǲ̫ȷ
һ˵ߵľ磬ǲ׵ġˣ𣬲Żɾʵ½
֮ǰľԣδκļľ䣬ЩĪҰ˶Ҳԭ
죡죡
һЩ뾰׽ߣǵ˵
һβ飬Ҳʱ䡣˵Ѿǰ쾳Ϊˡ
ʱǹ㳡̨֮ϣ峤ҰˣҲעžԵĲ顣
ǣҲЩġ
һԾֵˣԼҵɽ֪˵ʲôֻ
һҪ䰡ҰУɵİ
Ѿϵˡܵ죬ɽȻ͵ñˡǰ죬ھǰ죬Ľٶȣ˵Ǿӵ֮һͲκβ׵ĵط


71 ۾Ϲ
ΪԼڣļʮʱҲûгһ߿Բʱ졣
ԣվڲˮ֮ǰˮ֮ϡ
ԪĴת뵽ˮ֮С
ǺɫĹâʱ͵ĳȥ
һ죡
죡
죡

ˣˣ
ۣ죬߼ߣ
Ըľ粢δ䣬˵ˣԸľ粻ٵ䡣
ԲˮڣɫâĿ̶ȺܵΧУٶ¶Цݡ
̨ϵľҰȾҴˣҲ΢΢ɳһ
ûͺãûͺð
ˣ
ˮڵĺɫâȴǲδ̶ֹֻͣգʱ䣬ͳ˰Ŀ̶ȡ
ţ
ʲô쾳磿
ôܣô̵ʱ䡭
ӵܣ¶𾪵顣
ǣܲ𾪣޷Ƶ
ΪǰԲڼڣԼľ硣ʱкܶˣۿԵľ졣
ʱԻ뾰¼дΪ쾳ľ¼ɡ
ǰڼ޶սЭᣬսЭ϶ΪΪ
Ҳ˵ʱһʱ䣬졣ңľ磬ǿ츣
Ϣʱ򣬾кܶྰš󣬾ԾͱչزţһЩȥ̽ˣֱھԾסСԺ֮ڡ
ʱȥٴβ飬ԾǰΪˡ
ˣܲ𾪣
ǾҰˣȻҲڴҲǱϣǣûоãԵľﵽĿж
ڣʵȴǰ
ãܺãԣҾӵ֮һҰɫ΢΢죬˷ֱܵӾͿڽ˳
ȷʵޱȵܡ
Ŀ⣬ͿԼĳɽ
ʱɽھԲ֮ǰ׼˴ļĻ͵Ų󣬾ȫ׳¾ԻΪ޹˼ɵ˵ڣȴѾˡ
Ҫ˵ЩԼΥĵġˣҲòмһˡΪ䣬Ǽˡ
Լңûôӵܡ
ԣֻܱ졣
쵰ɽؿƲһɶ˻𲻶ϡ
꣡
ھ˷ܣЩ˾ȵʱǲˮڵĺ⣬ǣĿ̶ȡ
䣡Ⱥըˡ
۾Ϲˣһ۾Ϲˣ
ܣԲܡҲţô죿
ҿģͻƣѵԷˮһ𣿡

Щ뾰ԹϵãھҴϾһľӵܣŽŽк
뾰ԹϵȽϺõľӵܣ޷ˣֻǴϢŴ۾ĶŲˮ
ʱ򣬾ԻջƣһԣЩĿɿڴ¶ЦЦ
ʱ꣬ڲˮ֮ǰ;֮⣬ûˣĿˮڵĺâˡ
ޱȵ𺳡һʱ䣬Щʧˡ
ҲΪȻ֪һ·жôļšңǾҷǳɫĳԱ̤֮ġ
뾰ԱƺԼһﰡ
ͷת뵽ľʱͻ츣ôڵľԣսжǿ
֮µߣӦȫԺɨ˰ɣ֣߰뾰Կɣ
ԣߣ
ʱ䣬ʱ꣬Ŵ
ϣҲЩһЩ졣ĿУ˸ž⡣
̨֮ϡ

Ұˣ̬Щˡ
Ҿ˵ԿԺܿص֮ӢЩˣ̺ϲãκ˶ó
оҸ߲㣬񶼷Ƿǳ˷ܡҪ˵ɫȻģҲֻдϾꡣΪһֱԲ˳ۣԾź⡣
С쵰ôģ꣬еͺһ
Գϣڣ֪Ե˰ɣҰĿڹϯϣҵɽλãЦЦ˵
ղţɽ辰ңڱ˰ɣ
ɽһı飬ҰУޱȵĳ졣ϣվģɽǾ峤ԵԪ
ϲϲ
峤һ쾰Ҵϣʮʮ֮µľߡң˲𰡣
⾰ԣǡ⡣ңԽԽǿʢġ
Щϯϵˣв٣Ҳ
㳡ϣԻصߡĿ֮Уת´žԡ
ԣ㵽ôİʮ̤죬Ѿöٳˡڣżʱ䣬ʹ죿̾УҲЩп


72 ս
ԵȻ׿ʮ궫ٳǵһţʱٶȣҲԶԶڡ
²Խ죬Ҫʱ䡣
ʵںԤϣľԣӽʱ䣬ŴӾͻƵ졣
񣬻ʱ䶼ðɡ
о飬ھͻƣ˵ǺϤġЦЦ
һ񹦵ĴڣǬĴڣԿ϶κˡ
ڵʵСֲֿĹЩǿ֪زס
Ȼǲξʵǹϵشû㹻ʵ֮ǰڲһ񹦵һϢڶΪá
ֵƬ̣ʣĲྰӵܣҲϡ
ˣ쾰Ҵȣһ׶β׶ΣȫһһǧʮԱȫ顣
ʱҲһʱ
λӵܣ
׶ΣѾ棬ǽڶˣս׶Ρ֮УҲֻУʮˣͨս׶Σ뵽׶Ρ
棬ս׶οʼ
ڹ㳡ĸ̨ϣ峤Ұ緢
˵ʱĿ˾һۡԼŮ;һʱҲЦŶ˵˵ͷ
ھҰºʮܣҲɢ
λμӴȵľҳԱǵĲƣң
ܣ׷׶ŲμӴȵڶྰӵܣ˵
һӵܣڱȡľӣܡ
ԣҲԼľƣ˳ȥ
Щӣŵһɫľ޴ľڣ󱻼廤̧˹㳡̨ϡ
ϣȡɡҰԾ꣬˵
á꣬Ҳʲá
ߵ޴֮ǰ֣һͷĿ̽˽ȥ
ȡһöľӡ
ֵˣ̨꿴һӣд˵
С£ս̨걨˵һ֡
ţ̨ٴαڶ֡
ϾĶܿ죬ĶһľƱȡһֺһμӴȵľӵܣҲϵ̨֮ͬϡ
һǣʮ̨
յʱȥһʮˣֱ˲̨ͬ
ڣһʮѾȫѡˣսսɹΪµÿսߣֻܶԵһսһΡսʧܣٴսңÿһˣսʮΣ
ս׶ΣʱΪʱڣսʼʱʼҰ΢΢ţÿ˵Ķʡ
ս׶ΣǷǳпġ
ʱ䣬ֻʱʱֻм̨ϵʮˣܽ뵽յľ׶Ρ
ʵϣȱʮǱȽϲˡΪԽ̨ϣôҲʹսĴԽࡣ
ܼ򵥣ս׶ʱΪʱʱ϶ս̨ôֻҪͿֱӽˡ
ʮ̨ʮܺ͹£ֱ
ʮվ̨ϣս
̨֮µˣͬЩÿ˵ʵз
ս׶ΣҲҪһԵġӵн׶εʵǲҪǲԣҲǿܱ̭ġ
ϾÿһսһԪ
쾳ߣսʵҲ½һһ̨һɱһݴ߽ͣǽҲͿ֪ˡ
ԣҲĿӣʮ̨
Ӣԣ񣬶һɫ۵ϡ
ӢҲΪϤġھԾ󣬴ˣǽǷ֮һˣҲǴһʵ֧ߡ
һļҲˡɴˣֻҪлᣬͻԾԵӡ
ˣǣ΢ֳһĨ⡣
㣬Ҫȥսˡԣߵľ˵
Ŷ
ԣ㲻һʱ仹ءһʱսҲԵģȫüžԡ
ԾԵʵǱȻ顣ʵ̫ǿģҲҪ̫Ĳԡ
ھȥսĻǿܻ˷һЩԪ
ԣ˼ǣþٷһЩ
޷ȥˡҡҡͷ˵
Ԫۺ񣿶ңԾãԼ̨ϣӦҲûеսԼ
в۵ģǾ͸ԷһѵЩ۵ģ඼Ǵһˡ
Կ˿̨ϣӰ˳ȥ
ʱܣɰЦţ̨ĸ˾ʱܣк
ʱ򣬻ûʲô˳սϾԣҲͲߣߵ̨
ǺǣԣҪս̨𣿡ʱһʵ


73 ƴ
ܸоʱԼ̬ȣһ΢ı仯
ղžԲ龳֮ǰʱȻҲ֮ܿǰȣԶһַĵ׵𾴡
⵹˵ʱ֮ǰͿǣ磬ǿΪʵܵõ𾴡
ʱܣҪս̨Ե˵ͷ
̨ϣӢɫЩ
̨ʱͲ²⵽ԿҪսԼҲӾԱѧԺ֮һֱڸֳڮ辰ԡ
Կ˳ۣҲӦ
ԣսӢ
ܾʱ꣬
ԣ̨ˡʱԾЦЦ˵
лԹ˹֡
Ŀ΢΢һת̨ɫľӢЦݣȥ
ԣ㣬ҾӢɲ㣡̨Ӣ
Ҳ֪ʾҲ̨
ҪһǻǿһЩ٣ˣ⡣
ӢʵɲҲΪ뾰һ
ǣ뾰ӢսǱܵģ϶Ǿ⡣
Ӣ̤죬ʱѾˣҶѧҲȽ͸ھҰ쾳ӵУӢʵǽǿġ
⣬׶Σûд⡣
žӢŶԷЩŤɫЦЦ
ӢҸһᣬ̨΢Ц˵
ǣ̬УȴǴһĨ⡣
ţӢ΢΢һ㶡
Ǹӷŭ
ԣľ뿪̨ԺǰǣڴһУеλ
Σ
Ӣһ͵ĳһԪԡ
ʵӢҲǴ֪ԵʵǿܶࡣǰձģҲ뾰Խֶ֡ңɨˡ
ԣţȻ¡ʵǿҶ֪ˣǱҲ˵ʲô
Ϣһ
ûгֻƳӡŰԪĵĹ˳ȥ
ע뾰ӢսˣܶܶࡣǣԺ;Ӣˡ
ô£
Ҳ̫д˰ɣѵԼã
ңӦǽѧɣʩչѧ
̫дˣ
һЩˣü׷׳ҡͷۡ
˵ѧǷǳǳµġƷѧߵʵӳɣޱȾ˵ġ
ߣΪҪǿôࣿ
Ĳֻ࣬һأҲҪءѧҪء
ߣʩչκѧΪԪ֧ѧġߣͿʩչƷѧˡ
ߣӾɱһޡߣޣǼֻеķݣ˶Ҳûãൽܺޡ
ߣеʵͿûߣëͷСӡ
㳡̨ϣϾ꣬һ˵
ûָգǣ˶֪˵Ǿԡ
Ӣ˴һۡûпԼҲ΢΢üΪҲǲдģܿٽսͲҪ̫໨ѧ㾰ܻܾӢҲҪķѸԪ
⣬ȡ
䣡
̨ϣӢûмǷһĨЦҲǻ
ûᣡ
ܻܾԣҿɾ͡Ӣ˼ȻĿתš
ܿģͳɢˡ
ֻоһɿµ׺ݵײ˹ĳ߶ѧ۵ĵĻײ£缦ʯͷһ㣬ıˡ
ţǵ˳ȥ
ӢһҽУ¡¡Ĵ
ֱӾͷɳ̨
Ҫ֪Щε̨ÿһʮףϺӴˡ
ǾӢֱӷ˳ȥĿע֮£һһ㣬ڹ㳡ĵ֮ϡ
ۣһѪ͵˳
ȫʹƣȻء
Ҹղ˵ˣһᣬֱ뿪̨ǣȴҪᡣɨһԶľӢ˵
һ֣ĿľþӢ޷μӼĴȡƣӢضҪˣȻҪڴһʱ䡣
ھӢˣԲ顣ο˻Ǵһˡ
ԣĿٴο㳡̨ЦӲ
ɶ񣡡뾰ĿӣҧгݵͺһСӣ


74 û
ŭգмλϣȴޱˬġ
𿴾ҵλϱϻҲǴġ
˭룬ԼһӵܱȱǿõļԴ
ոձԴ˵ľӢھһġԾӢʵҪռһģȴ޷μӴˣôһϵˣͶһᡣ
ɫλϣаˬĺܡȻûκαֳ
ԻܾӢΪµ̨Եʱִ
ʱҲ˵ľӢ̧ȥ
ڼϣޱȼңҲ顣
һ˵ֻҪˣǾûʲô˵ġ߲㣬ҲιŲš
ˣǾҪˡǶɱˣͻɱ˷ӦĳͷǣΣԼҪɱ˾
̨ϣ΢΢۾˵ս
ڵһ˿ûеȥսԡ
ֻǱܣǻãлȥսˡӢˣǲǱ硣
˭óʵаֻǻܾӢģӢˣԾǹġ
㳡̨ϣ
һҴɫ΢΢Щҡ
峤λϣ񣬵˵
⻤ǴϾһ
𣿡峤Ұüʵ
ڼڽУﻹı͡Ҫû£϶ǲӦǫ́ϵġ
ǡ£ϡЩɣɫҲš
ʲô£ϵͳζ
⻤ʱ򣬾Ͳ²⵽
Ǹϡԥ̫࣬Ҳߵ߸˵
¾˵ʲô˵İ۾һɡ
ΪԴ˾ӢŭûȥʱȻûк
ǣһ
С飬Сˣͷ˵
˵ģҾ˵ˣ롣
ʲôһ
˵С㣬ǿ϶ŮˣֻһŮ
ҰˣҲĿ⿴˹˵ĻǶˡǣҲ֪˵ˣǾ١
ʲô
ԣô辰ˣ
ȻɫҲ̫ˣԲɣ
ȿȣ棬ǲ᣿ҰһŹ˵
һ뷨ģڳУԲ١ǾһĻһʱҲˡ
ϣСȥ˵
ˣ£˵ˣΪҹȥŭ
ǾҴϣڣżȡŮȴҪ뿪ȥ
Ȼ峤λǰӰҪ˽Ȼûġ
ϣСЩüչ
ʵҲԸûа취Ϊǵ˾ŮԺкӹԣֻӲͷƤˡ
ߣ
峤ȥȥѾͷԽԽˡΣԾҰ˵һ䡣
УҲڴģ֪ٵô£Ϊ˵Ըˡ
С쵰ţ뻤һͬ뿪˹㳡̨
ô£
뿪󣬾ʻ
ҡҲ֪ô˵޷͡
ô˵أ
ѵ˵С㱻Դͷ
ֱ飬µٶȣҲӿࡣʱپס
ಣ磬ܿ͵ԼסıԺ˽ȥ
ȻԼΨһıŮ
٣أ
ϽԼԺɨд
ףףһ϶һͷŮˣſǻӷ˳
꿴Ůˣɫһ
꣬Ϸˣ꿴Էòжʱһŭ
쵰ŮأͷԼæһõһߡ󣬶ŸںĻŭʵ
ףҾٰͷҲԭأž˵
ʲôһ㶡
ʱҲˣɲԼŮٵ𣿶ңԷϵ·ƺҲԼŮġ
ϣС㡣򸡣
һ̤˾ߣźߵӣϸĿ˺һᡣ
٣ô£ôˣݺݵһȫ𶯣ŵʡ
ԼŮôˣʲô飿
ף㡭һҪΪұ𰡣ҡû˰



75 һѵ
꾰ٵ˵ֻؿڱŵһ·Ҫը
ԣҿ˰壡ŭ˼㣬Ůͻ棬ֱӾͲ˳
ಣ
û뾰ٶ˵һԼıԺ
ھסıԺ⣬к
ȻѧԺڼڣȻסıԺżӺѧԺؼ壬ʱס
үүڱĿתԪ洫Լүүŭ
΢΢ü
үүôˣ
һ׳գҲܸоŭһ˫У·ȼŻ档
һҪݺݵĸҽѵǾԣСӣȫ¡
үүôıˣǰһʱ䣬Ȱ˵ҷ˾ˣҪ뾰ԶսҲҪ֡ڣΪΡЩɻ
ǰһʱ䣬峤ҰˣҾ飬ϣԼһ¾Ͼĵ
ھǺ󣬾꣬Ҳ뾰̸¡
Сӣ̫ɺˣ̫ɺˣ˵㲻֪ڽգСӴùðĻ쵰а˵氡Ϸˡ
ҲǶˡ
ŮԵִͷڣˣ֪ôˡ
뵽һĻͻģԴĲǾ٣걾ˡԣֱû
ʲô£
ԣԼϢҲһĿоⱬ䣬ȥùã
ҹ㳡
ʮ̨ϣʱƣսԽԽࡣ
Ͼս׶Σֻʱʱ䡣ֻҪеʵԼĵģȥԳԡ
һʧܣΡʧܣսĴΡÿˣкܶλᡣ
ھڵ̨ϣĿǰΪֹȴûһս
ԣҲֵɣ΢΢۾Ŀ
ʱս׶ѾһʱٹһʱͿԽ
㳡̨ϣ峤Ұˣת˼
ôˣ
Ӹղ뿪һɫˣҪ˵ӡ
׷ʲôأ
Ұˣв²⣬Ƿ˺£þŭ
ǾˣЩˣ¶ζı顣
ϣʲôˣ
峤ϣԣ飬Ȼߵߣһ䡣
ھҳ֮Уԣ뾰ĹϵǷǳܵġˣڳϻϣÿһζͬˡңԣԾΪס
ʱѿԣȻҪĵһ¡
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ڣϢûھҴԭΪϣеľ˲࣬˴඼㳡ˣҲͷеĹºͼֳ
Ҳס̫˿ˡھûд϶ˡ
٣ԴˣĬһᣬ˵˳
ʲôԣһ㶡
Ұ仰ҲĿһ
ղž˵ٱ裬ǻǷģû뵽ǣԴ˾١
СӣĿ𳤣ֱ޷찡ԣ飬ͷŭı˲ĺ
Ӣˣüû˵
УʲôġԣӦòô³çҰ峤òڡ
ߣ᣿ǺǣᣡЦ
ԣ鿴ƺеʾˡԾհʱҪǲʲô᲻Լ
롣
⾰ԣ̫ˣԣ˵ţԾ˸̨
ڹ㳡ϲμӾҴս׶εһǧӵУһˣս׶οʼûκεĶվƼǿΧľӵܶҿ
ӵܣоɳӣҲǾңһӵ֮һͬʱҲ峤Ͼԣӡ
ɳˣԸǳ°ҼΪԴ󡣵ȻʵҲǼǿβμӴȵľӵУʮ֮һ
ɳӣ
ԣ˸̨ɳӸ
үү£ɳĿתԣ飬ʵ
һľӵܣͲҲΪˣҶ֪˵ԸΧûκˡԼүүɳӵȻܲᡣ
ţе£ԣͷϣϵŮ٣ԸˡҲ֪ϵĹϵұʲô
үү˼ǣȥѵԣɳĿ΢΢һڵ̨


76 㲻Ҷ
̨ϵľԣҲԶɳӵȻĿ˹
Ŀ⣬նӡ
Ǻǣȷʵ˼ԣЦһ
ԣ飬֪Եʵǿޱȡ쾳ʱ͸Һͼ޶սЭѡ츣սڸѾ̤죬ʵ϶ǿ
ӾɳȻҲǾ쾳ߣǣҪ˵ɳܻܾԣԣԼʤ㲻
ɳӣҵ뷨ǣȥ뾰սһУһҪܾԡԣ˵
ɲΪֺþ꣬Լ뾰ƴɱǲֵáֻҪþ꣬Լ̬ȣǾ㹻ˡ
ǣҲ˵̫ϸԼӵԸ˵̫ϸˣԼӣ϶ΪǶһ衣
֪ˡɳջĿ⣬Ծԣ˵ͷ
ã㿴ŰǡԣҲٶԡ
ţԣת뿪ص˹㳡̨֮ϡ
ھԣĶҰˣһ
ĳϾӢžԣЦЦҲû˵ȻЩܾԣΪ˼ҵɣ˼ԸľƨԼҲûɰ
ԣ飬ûҪģ
ɫÿһЩԾԣ˵
˵ûҪĵףǱȽġҪǾԣʲô϶л϶
ϣҲҸġ⾰ԣ̫ſˣԺ󻹵ˣԣȻĵ
ǣɳ⺢ʵȻδǾԶְü
ҲӾٿ֪е커ϼĻǾԶ֡
ɴ˿ɼԵʵжǿ
޷ɳ⺢ôҲûа취ɳӵʵҲǺǿģͻƣ֮ܽˡԣ΢Ц˵
ս׶ΣС
ʱ䣬ԽԽ١
ս׶Σаʱʱ䣡
㳡̨ϣ峤Ұս׶ʣʱ䡣
ս׶Σһʱ䣡
ս׶Σһյʱ䣡
ʱ䣬ıƽյ㡣
ô£ɳôȥսԣԣ飬üͷ
ʱͿҪûˣֻյʱ䡣ƾеĶֶսһյʱ䣬δعһսġ
ԣЩˣѵԼӣսˣ
ʱɫЩѿ񣬶οԣ飬Щ¶
Ѿĸո˵ӾɳҪսԣھɳӻûжǲҰ
꣬ͷת
Ҳ־겻ҪǴһʼԣûһǻ˵ڣ˶ԣĶˣɳȴûκαʾ
ⲻ˵㾰ϵõľԣ飬Ҳûн
ԣЩΣҲ֪ô͡ʱҲ¸̨ȥҾɳˡʱ䲻ˣҪڱƾɳսԣһˣǿܾûʱȥսɥʧ׶εĻᡣ
ԣ飬ȻԼӵǰ;Ц
ɳӣս𣿡ԣʱҲ΢΢ת
ھԣӸ̨Ҿɳӵʱ򣬾ҲŲµ˾ԣ˼ҲһֱΪɳӻսԼǣս׶μˣɳӻûκεĶ
ţһ
ΪɳҪսԼʱ򣬾ɳȴǶˣԼ̨˹
ˣЦЩһսδս׶ʱ͵ˡɳӣƺޱȵŰ
ԣѾ뵽˾ɳӵ⡣
⾰ɳӣȻΪǶԼȾĻᣬ;ԽĻᡣ
ֻҪһսܾԣǾԾûлȥսֹֻڴˣ޷뵽ľ׶Ρ
Ǻǣǹģǡ۾ǷһĨ⡣
ܣҾɳӣսԣ
ɳӣ̨Եľʱ꣬ͳ˵
Ծʱ˵ʱҲһֱھϡ
ԣ
ɳӣ̨ɣʱ꿴˾ɳһۣ˵
̨ǺɡӿʼڣһսһҲս
ʱ꿴˿ԣҲڴ⣬֪Ժ;ɳӣ˭ܽ뵽׶֮С
ಣ
ɳӣһԾȵ䵽̨֮ϣ뾰ңңԡ
ԣıμȣͽˣɳӣžԣ˵
УޱȵƶƺǣԼʮš
𣿡ЦЦ
ߣ㲻֪ҵʵжǿɳһҿԸ㣬Ϊ˱μȣͿԳͻƵ֮ˣ㣬Ҷ֣


77 벽
һҪ֮ս׶μʱս㣬ǹģңҪ㣬޷뵽׶Σ
ڣǵĶսԿʼˣ
ɳ˵ţԼһɫĳ
ϣ˸ɫĹ⻪⣬һƷ
ɳսԣȻҲΧߵĿ⡣
ս׶μʱΪ쾳ľɳӣȴ̨սԣⲻö˵
˭ʤ˭ܣ֮У϶һ޷뵽׶ˡ
ɳӵĵӣôôѵΪԼԻܾԣ
ɳ쾳磬ھ쾳УʵҲȷʵǿ츣սҲδܻ츣ɣ
Ǻǣɳ㻹֪𣿴ˣһֱǼΪԸģ֮µߣû˭ܱڣȻҲ϶ԼսʤԵģ
㳡Χߣ۽̸
ĿǰΪֹˣΪɳӻǾԵĶ֡ǣϡ峤һľӵܣҲ΢΢ҡͷ
ΪɳΪԼļȡ
㳡̨ϵľԣ飬ɫҲڡ
þɳսԲ٣ģֻӶѡ
Ҳʼδ
ԭʮߣӦöɽڣһˣ޷ˡ
ৣ
̨ϵľɳӣɫһ趯Ӱ֡
ԪҲ֮ӿ
ʲô
ʲô
ʱԭӵĹ㳡֮ϣʱΪ֮һ󣬱ǸΪ䶯˳
ΪǿھɳӵǰӰ֮УȻһ㵭
֮Уһ˿
֮Ȼϵóǰɫʲô
ôҧҧ촽еǡ
찡
ԪԪ
ɳӣѵ쾳ǿߣ
һ𺳵񣬶žɳǰİɫ˵
ͼߣҲ֪֮ǿߵı־ǾǣԪ۵һ̶ȣΪɼ
ǲ԰֮ǰĲ֮УɳǾ֮߰ǲܲμӴȵİü뵽֪龰
ڲ֮УɳȷʵǾ첻ǣǲˮ⡣
㳡̨ϣ
벽죡ɳӣѾǰ벽ˣֻ֮а벽֮ңҰ³һ˵
벽죬Ҳ֮ΪСԲ˵쾳֮£ߵһ;ѾﵽһԲĵزҲһޡ
ȻҲеľߣᾭ벽졣һЩߣֱӾͻͨľ죬֮
벽죬ҲǾԼġ
벽쾳ߣԪһ̶Ѿǲûȫתֻתһ֡
ǣתһֵԪҲоĪˡ
Ԫ̺Ժɨһͨľߡ
ڣΧ۵ߣ֪˾ɳӵġɳӣԭѾǰ벽֮ѹ֣϶ԼԻܾԡ
ʱ򣬾ԣԭڵϣ¶ЦݡĿУҲǾӣɳӣǸˡ벽֮죬Ѿܽܽˡ
ڵľɳӲŶʮ꣬ôڼ֮ʮ֮ǰͿ̤졣ʮ֮µ쾳ߣзǳĻᣬѧԺġ
ԣ鰡㰡
ǺǣȻôסɳ⺢ӣǰ벽ˣ㶼һֱûϣ꣬Цľԣļ˵
ٺ١ԣ顮ٺ١Цš
ʵϣ֮ǰ֪ɳǰ벽죬˵ˣ̵סɳӣĵﰡ
Ҳǣ֪ɳǰ벽ġ
뵽ɳӵԸҲȻˡɳӣͳĬԣԸھͻƣ˵Ҳ
ЩˣĳϾӢüͷ
ɳӣȻǰ벽֮ӢҲΪԵ
벽죬ʵԶһľߡ
ߣ֮Ĳ࣬һԺĺ蹵ߣûпɱԵġǰ벽֮ȴǱȽСˡ쾳ߣ԰벽쾳ߣҲǻ߿һ۵ģҲһЩ쾳ߣư벽Ϊα졣
̨ϣԵɫҲЩ
ɳӲǰ벽죬Ǿȫ⣬¶Էǿ츣ľߣҲɽԷǣ벽졭
ԼԪûпʼ죬ʱ仹̡ܶ
벽𣿡Ӷ˶
ȿ벽жǿɣԵУսҲ
ԣǴ֮ľһսġһ벽쾳ߣȴȴ
ս
սɣ


78 Ƕ
ԣ鷳ˣ
ǰһΪһξҴȣԱضܶõһءû뵽ɱһ벽ľɳӣԿҲˣ޷룡

Χ۵Ĳ´󣬶սԽǼңǿľԽ˷ܡ
ھɳչֳԼǰ벽֮ǰЩˣΪ׻ܾɳӣڣǵķϾתˡ
Ҳǣ
˭֪벽ߵĿֲ
ԼĳϵˣҲǳ΢ı仯
ңȻֳһ벽쾳ߡɳӣҲעһˡΪĿǰ벽쾳ľɳӣʱ֮ܽ
ڶٳǵ˵κһ壬һ֮ǿߣ֣һӰ졣
ڵ쾳ߣô࣬ÿһ쾳ߣԼʵž޴
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ǣоţֳ־ɳӡУȻڿҲò˶ãػ죡
ϯϣҲǲڶ
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⻰ּҳϯҴȵĴ˴ɫҲһɨɽһۣû˵
ٳ壬Լ޿ĵһּΪ壬ҲΪֻǾңʮһ˵ٳǵߣΪֻڵ
ǣھҵٶȣƺ̫˵ԤϡͷչȥҳԽּңҲò˶ʱ䡣
ҺּȻ˵ĹϵǣּұϣǾԲԸ⿴ҳԽԼġ
ʱּҴ˴ܸǲǹ¡
˴Ҳ֪ɽĻ䡣ǣǲȻ뵽ҵЩ˴ԼصбҪ鳤ٿһ£һˡ
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Ϊ벽쾳ߣ֮ϡ٣쾳߸
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⽣ܣԿЩϸСĽâĽγһƴСУޱȵĿֲ
óɳӲû̽˼
һ֣ǽȫ
Ը֡ԣҲֱ̽ӽԻܱǡ
ԣϣҲûκεı飬Ϊء
ĸоõѹԴӾ⻹ǣģʵǿĶ֡
츣뾰ɳȣҲʮǧ
ˣԣҲдֱӣʹƷѧ
ȻֻƷѧǱ޸ȱ֮һƷѧҲ΢߳һЩġ
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飡
˵ѧһƬ̨ϷռڣޱȲҵ໥ĥ
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ɳӵĳ𽣷ûȱݣǾԵˣĵֵסϧûô
ڲһ񹦵֮£ڼνֺ󣬾Ծͷ˳𽣵ĲȱݣЩ©ɫӽ⣬ӲĴڲʼ
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û˱ڵĴҲû˱ԼԵѧѾ͸ʩչĳ𽣷֮С
ôܣɳӣҲ벻ͨΪλ֪ôġ
㾰ƷѧҲӦˡʵϣʩչģԲƷѧˡ
Ӧռƣʵǣڼν󣬾·硣
ĿǰΪֹЩͨ½ҳԱûʶһ㡣ǣڸ̨֮ϵ֮ǿߣȴܿе΢
ˣڹϯϵˣΪ֮ݡ
ѵ⾰ԣ벽ľɳӣ֣



79 걬
峤Ͼԣ飡
ǰһ̣λҵĳϺܵҪأϲӾɳ̤벽֮ϣҲһֱЦݡ
ǣһ̣ЩЦݣЩˡ
Ϊ벽ľɳӾǣ޷ʱڻܾԡ
ڸ̨ϵˣóڣѾʼѹƾɳӡɳӵѧȷʵǿԾԵʱһֲĸо
ͺ޻
ҲȻֹ
̨ϣԺ;ɳӵĶսȻڼ
ԣҲζսᣬһԪ¡̤֮ԪҲǣž䣬ȥ£Ǻܾǰˡ
ԾɳӣԣԪһϤС
ԪƺҲ
оԼԪƺҲſʼļ
ʱڶս֮УҲҷĶ룬һУȶսȥϰ¹ˡҪģǶԪҵĸо͸д
˵Ķսһʱ䡣
ˣԵĵףȻһָоԻԪ˽òˡ
Ŀһˣʱһ΢ı仯
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ҶѧںϺγɵһ˵ѧ
ڴ֮ǰʩչģǵ޸ˡڣͻ䣬ʩչʱȻӡ
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㽣Ļϯ󣬾ԣ˵һ䡣
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ֳɳľɳӣ壬Ҳ֮ھ޴£ܿƵģ˵̨֮⡣
ɳӣվ̨֮⣬ͷžԣҧԼ촽
ʵʱҲ֪ԼܺˣǾˡ
Ըţ޷ıʵ벽죬ҲǾԵĶ֡ңûκεأսһȻֻܵĿܡ
ԣһˣǣ̤֮ԲҵĶ֡ɳӣǷǳԸһԸ
Ŀ֮£ܸԣҪܵѹԶһߴöࡣ
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ΪɳȻԸ뾰ԣûʲôԹңɳˣ죬Ҳƺδʲô캦顣
ҪǣɳȻܾԣþ޷뵽ȵľ׶Ρǣڶս֮УԲδӾɳӵϣܵɱ
˲һ񹦵ľԣе̶ȣޱȾ˵ġɳҪɱԣһܸоõġ
ΪЩԭԾԣû벽쾳ľӵܡ
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ǣԼ֪ɳӣôܱȽɵĻܾɳӣȫΪĲһǿ󣬿ҵɳʩչѧ𽣵ȱݣӶ߽ԷĹ
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㳡̨ϣɽޱȵ𾪣۾Բ·ľԡ
еĲþòƽϢ
Իܾɳӣ𶯣ʵ̫̫ˡ
ӣɽУתͷ
ӽػ죬һ죬Լңвɽ΢΢һ
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ɶ񰡣ּңΪξûӵ֣ܳɶ񣡿ɶ񰡣˴˻
ȻģԼ뾰ȡ࣬Ϊξôأ
ʵҲΪѾǷǳˡ˴±˵ǱȾˣǱȼ޶սЭ츣ǲ˺ܶࡣ
һʱ䣬ڸ̨֮ϣǾҵˣǹϯϵˣĬ
ֻô򵥣ô֮У϶кܶ͹ؾ峤ҰˡǣԼֱƺһЩ뵽Ĵʻ㣬ݾԵı̶̬ȡ
峤Ͼԣ飬µˣ
Ǻǡ
ǺǺǣվҴȣս׶νô֮󣬽о׶Ρ峤ҰǰһԪת
峤ȸˣ
ҲˣڻһЩҪ

ϯϵˣ˲䣬뿪һ롣û뿪ģ뾰ҹϵȽϺõģҵ峤
ھҵȻϣԽǿԽá


80 Ե
ԣ̨֮
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ЩˣȻ뾰Դкһһ顣
Ը磡Ը磡һЩŮߣвٹȻۣ
ֻҪˣó쾰Ҵȣյĵһ϶ǾĪˡ
Ȼʮ˽뵽յľɳȥ֮ʮˣ˭ΪԻܰ벽ľɳӣ
ûκһš
ɳӶ޷ܣǸ˵ˣ
ЩĴкˣҲ΢Цӭš
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λ˼еʱ䣬Ҫ뿪һ£
ԽԽˣԣҲֻܱȭǸ⡣
ʵϣԶЩˣͲΪ⡣Լ֮ǰǸ켸ΪľԣЩˣ¸ͲԼ
곡ϷˣûҪ档
Իû뿪
ΪмλҵĳϣһЩ˹
Ӧյʱ䣬Բպ;ȥ
ʱûз֣㳡һطһĿ⣬ı
ˣǾ
ˣҲۿ˾Ժ;ɳӵĶս
⼸죬պ󣬱ڣУͳ

ԣû뵽ܻܾɳӣҿɳӵԪһ̣һΪ䶨ءЦ˵Ŀתһ˿˿Ľ
ɳӱϾ졣ԣ΢΢ҡҡͷ
ʱУʵɡΪպջҪ;һս
ݾ˵ʵǳǿᣬδǾĶ֡ˣںѧԺ϶һ˽⡣
뾰󣬾ٶȻصԼסıԺ
ڷڣ
۾ŶԪĸо
뾰ɳӶսʱ򣬾Ծ͸оԼԪһֱ仯ļֻʱ뽫񶼷ڶսУûиʱ˼
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ʵϣڶ뾰ĶսУûʲôաʲôֶΣʲôƣҲͺ񣬾Ҳ֪ͬںѧɱﵡ
Ͼ쾳ߡ͵˵ԪǿȣԶǾɳӿɱȡ
ԵԪǿȣȾɳӣ΢ôһ˿˿˵뾰ȡ
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ĿǰΪֹԲһ񹦵ǿ֮ûȫ޸ѧںѧԪȵȣƺһܡ
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ԣеĬ
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ڳ֮УԵֱۣͻȻѸޱȵóһöƷʯ㿪ʼеԪ
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Ḷ́Ե֮Уճ˴Ŀռ䡣Щռ䣬ҪµԪȥ䡣
ҺãԻöƷʯȻҲɹ
һʱ֮һöƷʯͱȫյΪɫķ۳ûгɣڶöƷʯա
Ҵȣս׶ε׶εĿ϶ʱ䣬Ȼŵ
յ峿ԣ˫Ŀ
ԪȻɹˣǷԼϣЩš
ΪԵԪɲΪ̤˰벽ľ硣ڣ졣ճ˵ԪĿܡ
ǣʵǣķˡһߣԼԪˡ
ۣһһԪ³
ɫʱھ֮ǰ֮ۡУ̺Ԫޱȵľˡ
ʱ䡭
ʱ䣬Եʵνʵı仯
һ񹦣ԣ΢΢һĿ財
ĹҺγݺԪ½ҶֻһСɫѡԵĿУ͸һޱǿҵš
Ťͷ˿ɫ
ȥμӴȾˣ΢΢һЦ˷䣬žҹ㳡첽ȥ


81 ս
ڹ㳡Χ۵ҪǰҪܶࡣ
յľ쾰ҴȵΣ
ȻйھԺ;һս
˶֪Ե׸ҲҺ;սսֽʲôķʽⳡս
һǿߣһܰ벽ľǿߡ
Ķսһޱȵľʡ˭Ըɱ
㳡̨ϯϣյĹ֮ͬǰҪࡣ
ǰӾһصԼˣȻҴϷ鴫
ҵĴϣһ벽ľɳӣһ̬ľԣǻ˰벽쾰ɳӡ
Ҫ֪ľʮ̤֮Ϊٳǵһšʱ򣬾ʱҲܻܰ벽쾳ǿߡ
ֻ˵ľԣĳ̶ֳϱȵ껹Ҫ̬ࡣ
ڶȻԾ࣬ӹϯϣ˱ǰļһ㣬Ϳɿó
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ÿһľҴȣݶ࣬һЩ仯Ҳϸ΢
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ҵĶսޱȵĲҡ̨ȻӴ󣬿ʮ棬ҲԵñȽӵˣҪ˵ĹǺ
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һһӵܣ˳ȥȻУⲻ˻ˡ
ʱƣ̨ϵߣԽԽ١
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˵ʱȴûκεķɣѧʩչΪĺ
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ˣǾߣѧʩչƺǼΪֲġ
ȻԤı໥ɱķʽӽԡԾԣɹ֮ͻȻתĿ꣬Ծ͵Ϯ֡


82 ȵһ
ߵ̨ϣͻ䣡
䣡
ߡߵˣĿоͬʱԾԳ֡
ǣȷʵھ׶ν֮ǰͰйͨΪÿ˶ԼǾԵĶ֡ҪξҴȵĵһͱȽԸϳ̨
ԣǴЭ飡
ǳɹıƽԣûþԶǶʱ֪лˡ
ңƺıˣûн䱸ӡ
ǸûᣬֻǽԱƳ̨ǻɱԡڵλą̃̨ԵֻܿҪþ˺󼸲ǾԾǳ̨
㳡ܣҲһƬ
ʵϣЩΧߣҲûпĸˣȻˣ˹ơ
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ĸ˳ɹˣһεľҴȣԣֻܻõˣ
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ɱ֮Уɫ۵ߣҵһᣬ͵ķһ
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ոգԽһɨ̨龰ȻҲ֪
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ԣҲ̨֪Ͼֻʣ;ˡ
ߣͻȻɫһ䡣
ΪԾȻ˹
ɫ΢΢һڣ¶һ·ذ飬ֿЦ
Ը磬ǸҲ֣ԼߺˣߣҲĺܣףûκλὫԴ̨
ԣ˵仰ֱӾһ̨
ԣ΢΢һ㶣Ҳû뵽˸ɴࡣ
΢һ룬ҲȻˡߣô˵ҲŪһڶΡ
ǾԽǾСĸɨ̨ӦûлõڶġܶõڶѾǳջˡ
ˣҴȵľ׶Σɻսȫ
ԣΨһһ̨ϵߡҲǣ쾰Ҵȵģһ
㳡̨ϣ峤ҰĿ⿴ԣ˵ͷ
쾰ҴȣĻˡȵһҲˣǣԣ
ԣϲ㣡ҰЦŶԾ˵
л峤΢΢˵
ţҰӦһ
󣬾Ұǰʮߣ˳򣬶һһǵ֡
ھҰЩֵͬʱҺ»̧һӣ˹㳡
ˣЩӣ񶼳
ЩʢŵģǱ쾰ҴȣμӴȵߣҪõĽ


83 ս
Ƚʵｱֱӵš
һμӴȵľӵܣĦȭƣ˷ܵĵȡ
ڶܣҲæµ
μӴȵľӵܣ㳬һǧ֮ࡣȻ˽ˣߣԶֻܵõһοˣȡʮöʯĽ
ԣλЭķẒ́ҲǷǳѸ١
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ʱڹ㳡̨ϣ峤ҰĿ΢΢һתϯϡ
ҴѾϯϵЩˣӦ½ȥŶԡʵȴǣϯϵͷͷԣһĶûС
ҰɨЩˣҲȫûǸ۵һ֣÷ķ
λҰŹϯ˹֡
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ԣ߹ҰȺ֮еľԣ΢Ц˵
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ԣڣв׵Ķɱҡ֮С


84 ʯͷ
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ɫĽϣһĨŨĹţȻը
ͬʱһɺ嫵Ԫڣǰɫ֮ɢ壬С
ৣ
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ԲۣҪϹ
Ҳۣ۾ҲϹˣ
ô£Ҳ֮ԪҲ𣿡
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˵ûԵҪϡһЩ֮ߵԪƺǣ벽죡
ǡǰ뾰ɳӶսʱ򣬲ȷľѵ˵ʱ䣬̤벽֮𣿡
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ǰ벽쾳磬ҲܶùġԪȻֻǰƷȲ֮˳ص˵
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ھߵԪɵ˼Ӽˡ
ԣĻҪ̬ܶࡣǰ뾰ɳӵĶսҲĿõģʱľԣûдﵽԪĳ̶ȡ찡죬ʲô
˵ʱ̫ˣһαĿ۾͹ȥˡ
ԣȴ죬ٴͻƣԪʼ
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Щ̨ϵǿߣҲǼû˷ʵǰ벽졣
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֮һսͷΣһתеƽϢЦ˵
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ģˣţ˱㿴ҲԺ;ߣ澰ԣһս˵ĲͷҲˣ
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ԣԼһŭΧԪƽĺһžʯȻը
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󣬳ɫϣҫ۵ĺ⣬·Ҫǵܣһʮ׵ľ޴ɫӰ
Сģޱȵĵģ澰뾰սɾԲ飬Ҳûа취
ĺãԣһХ壬ƶ
⽣ৡ裬ˣγ㽣Ļ
סΧߣֻһɫ۵ľԣݺݵײǳʮ׵ĺɫ֮С
ԣ𣿡ߣжȻͷ


85 Ʒѧ
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̨ϵĴˣҲ˼Ծһġ
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ھԺ;һνֵʱûֱ˵ԻܸһΣֱƶ˵Ҫܡ
Ȼڸ̨ϵľˣҲ޵Ŀͬ
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ԣ㾰õȾԵĺһƷԪҲȾԸΪ࣬ȻѽԵն½
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ԣʱڣԵն½ȫ뾰⡣
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˵Ӱ˵ѧȻڻײѹ
ޣʱЩסˣɫҲ΢졣Ȼʱ̨ϵˣעڶսľԺ;ϣĸо
Ļ˵ȥˣԾԿסļƷѧڿȻбѹƵļ󣬿ɾٶ೤ֻ۾ҲҲܵļ
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Աʮ֮࣬ͬҲܡѪɫӿȻĿƣǽȻܿƣͬĴ󲽣ſסΡ
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ޣҲǺܲ쵰侰ԻȻվھߵģϣܻʤȻŭ⡣
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ӾԺ;սʼͲһԡ
ʱȻֳĬĿпԿȻԾԵǿҲܾ㵣ǲδ
ƺ϶ԻӾС

㱾𣿡ԣžǸһĨŹֵЦݡ
ɶ񣡡еļƷ𽣡
ʲôͣóɣȻҿɲˡԹ̼
ԣҪſ񡣡ɲţ̶ֳȣľԻʲôûʹó
ԾԣҲΪ˽ģ֪ն½Ȼ֪ڵľʩչն½ΪôǿҲҪ
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ڶ̶̵ļЪ֮󣬷ŭľٶȵĶ
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Цطܿߣ⾰طֻǲ֪˼ΡطһΣȫյĻ⾰ԪԿڱʱﵽԭ֮ޡƲƲ죬Ű˵


87 ʤ
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𿨣ֿ˿ҲǷЦ
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ھˣһ֣κεΪɱӰ̫󣬾ֱӸɵ쵰ˡ
ڶսУԾԵܸоԼɱ⡣ɱԼˣҪ
ԣûִȱġ


88 ѡѧ
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ûаȻôʵһս峤ϲ

ϯϵˣ½뿪һЩ뾰ҹϵϺõˣҲ򾰳Ұء
ˣ鶼ЩءԵı֣̫ˣֱ޷ݡ
Ҫ˭һ߿Ի֮ǿߣ˵Ƕٳˣ¼ʮҲһ
ЩھҵļļûԸ⿴ҳһ
ҪܸǲŹ֣
ԣϲ㣡ҲЦŶԾ˵ڵʵҶĶأ治֪ġҪ̤֮ǿ¾ھ߶򲻹㡣
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ԲЩ
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ھ֪ԾԵ̬ȣɱȵڼòʵʱ򣬿ˡȻ˵ʱ֪ԾҲҲȫ޷ȡ
ڣֱ֪ӾǣԴžѧѡѧ
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ʵڼѧڵЩƷѧʯһνʱ򣬾ͶѾд˽⡣ҪȻҲѡն½
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Են½޴󣬿Ҳޱȵľˡһ㣬ھ뾰սʱԿԸоõںµƷѧʩչʱԪ϶ˣԾѡıȽСˮĿҲǺȷġ
ףƵطȻǿѧ
ʱ򣬾ԵʶͻȻӵһϢ


89 ֮
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Сһѡѧ֮ԵԺڣٴνյˮ
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ԣҪѡˮ𣿺Ǻǣѧȷʵʮ㣬ʺϳʱɱʹá֮ǰڼϣҿʹõѧǿ㣬ıضҲˮãγɻܺã֪վˮѧʯ֮ǰΪԾҪѡѧЦ˵
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֮ǰδע֮ѧʯҪΪһʯȽ⣬ûƷˮȴѡ֮ԵȻˮ
ԣߵ֮ѧʯ֮ǰ
Сӣĥ䣬ĵѾˣˮߴٵ
ԣôҪһѧʯ֪ԵĶü
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֪֮һ㶣Цԣ֮ɵġ峤ŪһʯķѺܳʱоȷѧǲȱģ֮Է峤ӵЩϧˡ
֪˵峤ǾԵүү졣
ԣӦ֪ѧһΣֻһѧɣҪϧᰡ֪ҲǺѡ
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ңҪ֪Բ֮ѧʱѣյģӦֻѧƤë
ڲȷ֮жٲΣȷɵһΡ
ѹˮǰô֮΢΢һ
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꣡Ӱ΢΢һ٣ٴֹͣ
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֮ѧʩչĵԪ࣬ھۺԪ˵ǲͣĴ߶ʱǿġ
ڵľ磬̫ˣҪһ㣬̤֮ǣ΢΢ת
ﵽ벽֮Ѿ֮ˣ
ͣͶࡣ̤֮ʩչ֮Ȼӱ̬ʱ˵ھǿߣɱһ


90 ϰ
죬ܽġ
㾰Ѿǰ벽죬ǰ벽ҪԽȥҲǼѡ
Ҫһö꾧ͺˣ԰
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ʵǿޣȫԴ߶֮ܡ
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ͺñǰľԣʱҲļöƷʯѡ
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бף
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ԣתĿȥֻˮʯϣȻơ
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91 ҹ
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ţԺҾ͸šһ⣬ҪСġӢžԣ࣬涣
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ţǾСӣˣɽҲ



92 ɱ
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Ұϣʱ٣ʱ١
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֮ѧʩչԵٶȿþˡ


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ԼңԷŭĵͺһ
ţԣӶɱְɱүүĹӶɱְɱĹһԼҡȻھȷԼҸɵģҲһ޷Ŀǰʵ̫ˡԼҵ峤Ӧǵ龳߰ɣҪҲҪӵ۷ʵϣˮ۾


94 
Լң
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ͷ죡
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ɾԲͬǸүү쳤ġ
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ԶԸ׵ļ䣬ҲǴӼеһЩ˿е֪羰ǡ
ԣԶԸĸĸ飬ʵ϶Զүү
Сӣ֪͵ҪѧɲУ
Сһүү˭۸ˣүүȥѵ
ԣ츳ȷʵߣٶȱȱ˶졣ǣɲܽĿ겻ڶٳǣ÷ڸԶĵط

ԵԺУүүһĻĻ
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ٴս˫ȭзģһҪɱүү֣γ
Լңǰҹ֯ڣǾԵͷŵˡ
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Ŀ⣬ֿɱָϵһöָ
һöָֽҲռָ濴ȥСɣڲԳɿռ䣬һַǳߣҼֵߡͼֵָֽҲߴʯһ߸ò
ţƷʯʯ𿨣
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ջȱʯԽָֽԼϣ·ȣȻֱӵ
ȷɱϣûмֵƷ󣬾Բתȥʧںڰ֮С
ȴǲ֪ɱĲƸҪԶõĶࡣֻǣκһϸɱ֣Я̫ԴԼʱᶪ
ԣɱڵõԴһᴢʲôطʹõʱŻó
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ಣ
ԣŶǷȥʱת֮ѧӿٶȣҪִǵ

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ԵԪͼλԼҵĳϣЩڷ֮С
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ҵõϢҵǸԣǰ뿪˾ң֪ȥ򡣰ҹˣѵ֪һ㣿һλϣü˵
⼸λϣԵԪĸҲ֪ԵԪϵ˰ɱɱ֣ȥɱԡ
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ԵԪˣǲżǲŹ֡
ԵԪɫĬȻ
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԰ҹ̬֯ȣӦþԲ²ŶԡҹףҲôˣܷչĹģ
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иˣɱֱضҲͲǣߣе龳ǿߣſɱδֵ£ɱ֡ԵԪ˿ͳ˵
λϣҪ˵е龳ǿߣǾԲš


95 ӭʽ
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ˣȻǴӶٳǶľԡ
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ԣ˰ʱ䣬Բŵִ
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һ·ϣҲѯʹˣԲȷڷڣ֪˺ڷ򣬾»ɭֵΧ
ֹһʱҡ
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ѾԿߵӰ
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ţԶʱһ㶡
Ϊǰмߣһ޴ңдżɫĴ֡
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ԣҾǶٳǾҵľԡӡ
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ҵլԺҲǺܴ
ԣԺ֮󺰣ȫѾߣļĻ
ಣȫڷڣʱһ飬˷֮ɫ֣͵ĳ˳ȥ
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һҵĻֿڳֵӰʱ
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ȫŮ£һϮɫȹȫߣϴŵĺΣЩߵӡ
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ŮһᾰˣһҪСźλȫƽʱͺ۰ԼŮʱǺĶ



96 ʧ
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ھӢĻУӢû̫Եֻ˵һһλڷȫӴһ¡
ȫ֪ԵͣҲ֪ԵΪ
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֮ǰӿڼԣ̻ͨĻȫ̬æʾһ¡

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ŶҲãȫ˵ͷԣ뵽һµķڡ
ⷿ䣬ȻҲ׼ģþߣΪݻ



97 
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ĳʵ̵ɷõı壡ȫԵʻ¶һȽεı飬ǻشˡ
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꣬ԶݡͷһҲѹ֣˫кܳʱûϵȫƤǹһ˿ܸ뵽⼸ݵݡ
ˡԵ˵ͷһתֵң鷳ʲôӵģ
˵Щҡүҳ˵ȫʵǾھҵʲôݣЩʳڣֻȱš
ںڷȻһҲһ㡣ڷǿһɱӦǰǰλҵģǸ߼ߣ»һȺߴ֣ڷպյġ
ԭǰĹϵȻ˵ϺãҲûʲôìܡңÿҲһıѸǰ⣬ͳǰҴǰһʯ󡣡
ȻˣֻһС͵ʯ󣬺;ӵеĴͿ϶ܱȵġģʱʱʯǱ϶ΪϿȻܳһЩʯһҲһǧʯû̫ļֵ
һһʯ󣬾˼ȥû뵽ϿڣȻһ֮ǰûбֵĿһʯʹﵽһǧʱİʯ
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ǰǿƹˣںڷһ˻治ǣǲ󻹸ǣҾдѡԣͲдţ򾰼ĳԮ

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ڣүˣ϶ͼˡȫ˵һĵĻٶԾʧҲұֳҪľþԸ˲Ŷԡ
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Щ׼ˣ̸У
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ү֪ǰЩ쵰ǲġҵһԲϣȫԼĻίһЩ
ô죿˭ܱ֤İȫ˭ܱ֤ȫһӵİȫ
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98 ̸ǰ
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ԣȴ΢΢ü
ҲҪκź̸֮ǰ֪ͨҾǡ԰˰֣ȻƽͣȴһӹɲݷԵζ
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ڷȻֻһӣǱ»ɭ֣Ҳʱǿֵ߳ġ
ǰȻĴ󣬿쾳ǿߣǰҪ֮֡
ԽĻƱ͵ۣɫ΢΢һ
ոգȫţ˵ʮ֣˫һ̸Уν¡Խ΢΢һ٣˵Ŀȴһ˿ݵľ⡣
ʵϣҪΪȫиݣܵһʱ䣬ʹǿбóˡƴԸǾֱӸɵҡ
Ϊȫ֮ǰųϢ˵ѾԮ˶ٳǴ壬һ˵Ѿ˹Խ̵ա
ȻȫȫĻҲһĴ˲߶ʮһңǴˣǶǰɲ
˵ǸңǶٳļ֮һ
ԽǵļȻԲһССǰԿġ
ڣǸҴ壬Ȼ˺ڷòضԴ룬ȷ϶Է֮˵
磬ô죿һƱͳʵ
ǣ壬Ͳôˡ
Ѿ˵ϴ̽ϢˣʲôӵġܣԺȥ֪ͨȫǣկ̸СԽûгɣ˵ȻڻƱ͵֮ǰ˼ƻ
磬ҪʲôҵˣҪ̫ˣѵǾһֱЭԺںڷ򣬻ô찡۷˷۾˵


99 û
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ʵϣկ̸УǸáΪһ˫̸£֣Բõ˼޹ҪںڷϣǻܷſֽţһΧ۵޹ȺˣҲ鷳
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ʱ׼
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ߣȫʱһ֣װĻȵ
ò˵ȫںڷһĵλҲûеġԿŵĻУȻǾ쾳ߣ⣬߼ߡټһЩмߵͼߣϣжʮ֮ࡣ
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ԣǸˣ˵ǶٳǾҵˡһ˵
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ֻ˵˵Ҿ˵˵ˣɫһ䣬ҡͷ˵ͬʱŵĿ˿ң¸ղ˵ĻǰﵱҵĶ
ˣҲȥ֡ǣկһǸ˹ȥȫİ֣Լ
ԣԵ˳˺ڷ򣬱ûٸˡ

үǸһ̸еʱʵڲеĻͽǰɡţǳǧʯȥСȫھ࣬ĥί˵
ʵ˵ǣǽװ׻ȥҲУֻ˾ԵӣԲ˵ǰｫȥ
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ֹƬ̣Եȶʮˣկ֮ǰ
һһᣡ
ʱһɫۣհӣǰȫЦ
ܼң̫ˡȫҲæȭŶԷЦŻ
үλկܼҡȫֶԾԣܶԷݡ
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100 
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ȻЦݺԣƤЦⲻЦζ˭ó
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£ǺǣҲ΢΢֡
Ȼ߲ðǾҲС˷ʱ䣬Ͼ̸лûʼһ̸УҪ֣ܲǾ֣ϾȫҪںڷȥһսӰͻȽϴ󣬾Ҳһֱڷȫһҡ
ӣ룡˺˰λ뾰Ժȫȥ
ˣŰɡկռС̫ĻԵӵԾԺȫһ
仰˵ϹˣʮˣկԵӵˣ
Ŷ˵ĶԣûҪȥҽȥȫ˼תҲܿ죬ûи߼߱ûס
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կӵǰ֣һϴĹ㳡
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ŵļվʮߣֳϢǿᡣ
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£ģ˫Ӵ
ȫɫЩףλҵģλǶٳǾүԡ
ȫָģҲǾԵˣһնûСңϾǶٳǵļ壬Ƕǵļ塣ǶǵĴˣ⼸λǰﵱҵģ
ӣǰ󵱼ҵԽһЦžԣָָӵ
Ҳ˵ǰļλҵģһȻͣ˾ηԹ֣ߵһϣ
ҲԽֶȫ˵һ䡣
ʱȫͷĺˣԽԽÿҪ¡Ŀ΢΢һɨŵ커΢΢һǿ򶨣ߵ
커ɱӦҲֵܵһİɣ
Ǻǣλһ£λǶκκԽʱֶԾˣһŵһɫˡ
һλϣĳǰλҵ֮⣬κӡ
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һߣʲôҪ
ǾӵܣҲԲʲôҪӵܣݱȽϸߣǾңһ˿Խе򣬴Ӷٳǵ𣿶һǵޱȵĺڷûС
ҵĸ߲һҪӵܣĹȻܰ
ԣԽˣþԻǾˣҲضʲô֧Сҵĸ߲Ͳ֪Դڡ
ȫֻоԵСӣƤҪŻԼ
뵽⣬Խ񣬾ɨȫһۡ
ԽĽܣȫһݣȻĿκԻ֪κңȫ֪ġΪκڶǣȻ㲻һ壬Ҳ֮С
һܣȻͬСɡ
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ȫ֪ǣʵԽЩκˣҪ֪ҵ˾ëͷСӣͲķѾ޴κ
κҲһǰˣʱΪ˱κ뾰ҿĴԿ
˶ˣȻڿƺҪˣҲܰװ׻ʯκ̸ˡ
κܺãȫæվڶκĴк
ţκֻǴӱǿУġšһ
ĿһתھϡĿУ⼤䣬ϢҲ΢΢һΪݺ󣬾ȻûκηӦȻǳĲ
֪ߵغСӣκĵǣҲֳһĨЦٺ١Ц


101 ̸
ǰλҵģκͿὫһ߷
˵ԣ̫ǶٳǾҪӵܣԣھžصĵλҲʲô
ߣκңڶǣҲһŵĴ壡
ңҪǶǵļ֮һκҪһӡǣңǶٳǵļ塣ӵܣܸʲô
Ѳɣǲٶǣ
ˣǸҪκҳ֣ǵĳȵͻԳ棬ݺݵĸһӭͷػ
ȫ˷ʱ䣬ֱ˵ɣ׽黹ǰеۣݺݵȫȵ
ۣҲԽ֪ˣʲôȻǴǾͲҪ̫ӣϽ⡣
·µʯһʱкüʯһǧʯĲһǰ˾ʯ֮ޡһһ˵Ҳܳʱ䡣
ǣһʴ룡
⡭ȫ񲻶ϿԣŲӣһĸЦ
֪˵ǰһʱ䣬ǰġԣˣĿɨڴ󵱼ҵԽϡ
ȷʵǰġǰҪջǣˡԽǿӲ
磬˵ôϻҪǲǾֱɨƽҡ۾ƱƣǷǳ˵ġ
ȫɱƣ֮ȻûմȾѪ
ܣżѾ黹ô򵥾ܽˡԽ΢΢ҡͷϴŵЦ⣬ڶԵۻֿȫֻѡҪô˫ַ⳥ǰһʱʧϾ˷˺ܶʱ䡣˵ϣңöʯˡ
ȻҲѡڶ·ңӴԺ󳹵׵ʧǴˣӦ֪ѡҪ֪Ҳ֣ʶ̧٣Ǿ͹ֲĺˡԽ˵е⣬ȫܵú
֪ܾԽԼңõȵڶ죬ͻӺڷ򳹵׵ʧ
ȫҪ˵ȴֹס
ԿԽ⡣
Ǻǣ󵱼ҵģѾ£ίнҴˡڣǰҪ̸Ȼ·ߣôҲ·һǣǲҪˣǹУȻأΪǰԭһˣ˷˺ܶʱ䣬ҵʱȽϱӦ⳥öʯ
ȻˣҲѡڶ·ҽǰȫӴԺںڷΧ㣬ҲûǰˡԣЦе˵Ƶᣬ˵ⷬ˵Ļ
ʵԭҲûҪǰ⳥ʯǰ̬ȣҲ̫ˡҲãԵУŭ
Իºȫֱɵˡ㶵ĿžԣҵĴүôҶǰ
ȫЩɵǰλңͬΪԼˡ
ۣȥͨߵˣȻҵǵ棬˵Ļ
ʲôǰ
Сӣǽˮ˰ɣ
ʱڣǶûӦ
Ƭ̺ԽŴЦ
ǣŭЦ
ںڷڣݺô꣬Խδſߡ
˵һССߣڳκκҲǰ˵Ļ
Сӣǻòͷ˰ɣҵۣ͵վȥͺҪֱӳȥԸɵļơ
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ǲ֪ߵغСӰһֱû˵κʱüë½˵
ԽҵĳͣƺЩ˰СӴӶٳǵһˣҪʯŸһʯ˵ȥɣ
ҿɣ˸һʯٽȫŮҲң˵ŮǺˮģŪǣҲļǮκָһɫϵһ嵧ƽתĿԽЦ
κܣȻ˵һ֣ŮϡԽæЦ˵
ȴǰɫһʱ䣬ⶼǵҪȫǸɫŮˡ
洫ĶԻȫɫǲҰףȻϣԼŮܽ壬ǸκĻ쵰ȻԼŮٽ
ȫ˫ȭһգҲֱ֪վ
˭ŮҾ͸˭ƴȫŲӣɫͻȻǺ죬ҧӲغ


102 һɱ
Կȫ
ȫķӦ˾ԵԤϡռȫ֮󣬾Զ˵ӡǣС£һǸһ̶Լ
һǣںڷĻ֮أҲûʲôУĵ˵϶硣
ڣȫΪԼŮȻվŶǰλҵĺκŭ
ԾãԼС
ҪŮܰȫ΢΢Ծ󣬾ЦŶȫ˵ȻһתֵκңڶڵĴУŵڼ
ȫֵ壬˶۾Щ졣ոպǾ仰֮Լ·ЩģǣδԼ
˿ǼɫļһȫɵЩ顣
ǣЩһҪԼŮԼ϶ƴ
ԵʻȫƤӼһ£κڶǵĴУҲڵ߰ӣȲϾҡ
ȫʱҲȫȥˡ
Ҳ϶޷ˣղҪԷƴġˡǣ׽Щ쵰ˡ
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ȫһ˵ԾˡȻԶԶǲǺ˽⣬Ҳ֪ǵͶٳǵࡣУڣǽСĳС
κڶǣֻŵ߰ڶٳǣҲǿˡļڣҲ쾳ߡ
ӣһЦɫκκӦ֪ӿڳ仰ɣڣҸһᣬ½ǸȻĶʵʵţûлٻȥˣ
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κĿһ㡣
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ǽâ̺ܿߣʵԲ£Ҳ쾳Ϊ


103 
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ԽԼǿˣԭΪɫ߾ԣһͨߡңҲľƺûʲôƢӡ
ǣһˣȻɱϣ֪κݺ󣬻ʹɱ֡
Խ֪Լ鷳ˣΪκģκҸ߲ڲֻ֪ҪκʱûϢκҲһܲ
κկκˣŹǰ
ԽɫޱȵĶžԡ
Խȵ𾪣ˣͬĳƽĿŵĿžԡ
Сӣǿɱ⣡
һԲϣͶɱˣֱǰﻹҪ
һƱҵۣеı߶ȵĽ䱸
ǻƱʱԽڵԽźţֻҪԽʾôڵһʱ䶯ַ
оԵСӣԲǺöԸĽɫ̵ʱڣֽɵ
λұʮҵĸ߼ߣҲͦס
棬һʱ䣬Щסˡ
ϵȫ۾ɴ㶵ĿžԵıӰŴͣ·𱻶ס
ֱʱ֪ĳϣ߾ԣжô׺жôǿ
Ҳѹ֣ĳϣλүڷ
뵽֮ǰԼЩ뷨ȫҲޱȵΡ
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΢΢˶
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ԸɵκҵܣԺô죿κˣôװݣ
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ԵĶ֣ûоǵġ
κңԷ٣Ҳǲηκҡ
Ǻǡ
ԣЦ⽣У˸ڵĹâ
ʱǱźú̸е뷨ǣȴҺʧҸղ˵ˣҪúڷڣӴûǰڣڸһᣬڷ򡣴󵱼ҵģΣԣɨԽͳ·һִ͸ĵ
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ܽɱκֽ֣κңƽϢκҵŭ
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ǰ˶֣Цˡ
ȫԤ֮У֪Խ˻ѡ֡
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챣ү
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ۣ
ԵĽâ׾ͶԽʩչѧǵѧͺֽһ㣬ԵĽâ˲ͱƬ
ż֮Խ˵ϣһѪ˵ϢҲ˲ȥǰ壬͵ڹ㳡ϣǰһξ룬ֹͣ
һĻЩǰĸ߼ߣ̵壬Ȼһ
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ߵʵѾǵ
ԣϢһЩ߼似ȵ
ҺƴˣֵǣΪ󵱼ҵı𰡣߼ȺУһ쾳ߣ׺ݿȣ˫Ŀ˻𣬶͵ĻӶٶȳ
ҲȷʵмӰһͬٴεĳԡ
Ǵˣûж
λҶˣڣƴɱʲô壿
֪һ䣬֮΢΢һתɲǾ͵Щĸ߼ߡ
̳Щǰҵĸ߼ߣԱɱ


104 ʰо
䣡
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̫ˣ
ߣ̫ǿˣ
ЩɢȥǰԱԣ֮Ŀǿߡ
̧֮֮䣬նɱǰλңҺɱ߰߼ߡ
կһƬҡ
žԺȫկܼңͳˣ
ˣʰоְɣ
ԣ⽣Ŀ⿴һɵ۵ȫ
ŶŶȫֶնյ壬͵һ£ת˶Դ
ֱʱЩԼһо
ںڷʮǰˣ
ֿ˿ܵһƬǽ壬һصʬ壬ȫžһ񣬿첽Ļ
ǰںڷӪʮʱ䣬϶аɾԴı⡣ڵһʱҪģǿƱ⣬ԴȻ󣬾ǽǰĲҵ
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Ȼڸصû֣ںڷĵطֻҪ㹻Դļ߶ļ
ȫȷʵеġ
ûöʱ䣬ͽһйŵþǰ
үǰԴˡȫ˼άǰﱦ֮ĸԴĿȫһһ˵һ顣
ЩԴииϵĲһЩʯݣвʯֻ͸
Щ֮⣬ǰλԼκκϣһЩʯ𿨡ЩʯڵʯĿﵽʮ֮ޡ
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ǰĲҵЩ̶޷ߵĲҵ̫⡣
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үЩҵ㽻ңͲ̫ˡÿһʱ䣬Ҿͽҵ棬͵ٳǾҡٺ٣ֻҪ;ҵڣЩмС֮ҲҲ֡ȫЦЦ
жӣͳԶٷûзӶɽ亣ζҲҳԡŪãᱻġ
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ÿ죬вߣǿֲĵط
ȫðܿ뵽ԿֲʵҲȻˡ


105 ڷ
壬Ǵ壡
̣ޱȵ񣬳
ȫҲǸпǧ
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ı⣬ȫΪԼһ򵼣Ͼ»ɭȫİģҪҵϿȣҲһЩѶȡ
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ã˸ӳչţ\կȾү㡣ȫ˵˵
Ϊү£ҡ
ȫתĿŲԶһߺ
ү˹ڶȫӦһԹ
Ǹȫ֮һۿԻɱߣɱһɡȻүᣬĵ׾;ηүǿߡ
һ;Ϊȣ
ȥ\կһˣҵðնӶӳչ˵һλˣҪȥϿȣһλˡȫԸ˵
չĹϵȷʵġչðնÿڷдȡκηáչ϶Ҫӡ
ǣӦϾתȥ
\կȻ֪ӳչկʲôλãǵ˵طֻҪչڣ΢̽һ£Ϳ϶ҵˡ
ү\կԶһʱܻȫֶԾԵ
Ҳ¾ԵȵòͷԣŻٶȺܿľ߸չȥ\կ
û£Цŵͷ
ڷ
ף
ȫկˣ
ѵǰ̸ˣһΣȫ϶ҪѪһҪȥ»⳥ʯߺߣǰˣûô˵
ڷˣһȫ;ԣһЩҵĻ׷׵תĿ⣬˽
֮УˣΪȫ޷կġ
ڿȫȻȻΪȫƱˡ
ȫǴˣ֪ǮƣҪģǰЭҲȻ˵
ʱȫŮ£ҲżٵĴӽֿǰӭӡ
£Ҳһֱĸ׻оүİȫ
ȻȫһҪԺڵϢҪǣ̲סĽ겻ꡣ
ڣ׺;үû£ҲͷˣˮĴ۾Щ졣
ү£ȫ;ǰ
û£ûˣȫŮļֿ˿ԣһ̾ү̫ˣԼŮ䲻ϰ
ǣϧˡ
һˣĽڷ򳤽֡
ˣȫס壬תȻľһͺȡ
ڣڶҵĻͬʱӦ
ЩҲ֪ԼҵүţˣԺԼү죬ǻǳĺģ
ԣҶ˷ܡ
ԼүȷʵţƵĺܣүʶһԸǰ
ʵϣʱЩҲȫþԵġǿǻᣬΪԼүһˣǰа壬϶еһЩˣƴ׼ˡ
ȫǣһֱǺܺõģЩУҲһЩԸΪȫƴߡ
ֻû뵽ǸûгֵĻᣬǿص߾үͽǰ׸ɷˡ


106 \ƹ
ȥǺڷ¥ڷҩ̡Ǳ¥ȫҿ
ȫһӡ
һ˫˫۾ע£ʱȫȻޱȵ⡣
Щ쵰˵ʶĸǾҴڣЩۿ˵͵ĶúÿԮжǿ
˵طԭǰĲҵ
ǣ
ǣһŭ
գһ󼱴ٵĽŲ
ʮ·ԭǰĲҵȥЩУҲнӽʮˣȫǰձġûӼˣԸңȫҲǻӭġԣ֮ǰȫеˣܹҲﵽʮ
ӣˣ
ǻζ˰ɣղ˵ʲôڷ¥ڷҩ̡Ǳ¥ǲǳԴҩˣ
ѵ׼һʣȻ·
ôɣǰﻹ֪жһ̱ǰ϶ܿ͵õϢʱȫܲԶضᱻ׷ϡ

ЩΧ۵ˣıȫסˣһʱ䲻֪ȫʲô
ûöʱ䣬Ǿ֪ࡣ
ǰ군ˣ
˵ǰλҵģǰѾ
Ϣʱ򣬻кܶ˲ţΪ޻̸֮ǣǰĲҵҳ׽֮ǰȴûκηӦģڿʼǰﱻȫˡ
ȫʵ˶һġ
ôǰΪλᱻȻȫԮйء
ǣǸߣ˿ֲʵĪǣǣ֮ǿߣ
뵽Կǿߣÿ˵ӿһ⡣
ڷȻڶ࣬Ҳϵص·ǣҪ쾳ߣҲǲ׵ġ
쾳ߣ̫̫ˡҪ»ɭ֣һҲڷֱӾʹӺڷ֮⴩ȥˡ
Ҫ֪쾳ߣڶǣǴ
һ룬Ҳǣ
ͺñڶٳǣڣߵҲôЩÿһڶٳǣžصĵλ
ڹѸǲЩûǸˣˣ毺ãɫȹŮӣЦʡ
˶ٸҺҾȥλǿ߸״ɱɱ㡣ߺߣǰɣǺڹѸȡЦԼһ۵
ߣȫһ£Цһڨڨı͡
ǿߣɲȡЦġ
ԣң˲һʱǰ\կͻˡ
ðնӣȷʵ\կڣδ»ɭ֡
ү㲻Ϣһϣȥ\կչӳϣȫž˵
԰˰֡
ˣлİæڣǰ\կԣҲ㵽ϿȣҵѬҩ졣
Ǻðɡү㵽\կ\ƹݣչӳϾͿԣȫҲչò뾰һ顣
ү㡭㡭𣿡£һۺɫңߺվһԣڰġ
ԣҲֻýҽ˹ллˣ
µͷ˳ȥ
ŮңȫС̫
뿪ڷ򣬾ԣֻһһʱ䣬͵ִ\կ
\կһȽϴկӡ
ǣ̶ܼȣҲޱȵľˡ
ĿɨһȦԾǷ߼ߣͼߺм͸ࡣ
Щߣ϶ɱϢȻǾɱϣ˰̡
\ƹݣ\կı־ԽһկӣܿһԸʵĽ֮ߡ
Խ\ƹݣĿ⣬ڴڿһ飬δȫƵߡ
Ӧǻû룬ת
ڣҲܶ࣬ģһӱߡ
ԽҲһЩߣĿɨδھϹͣߣ\կǣԲûʲôĿĵط
˻࣡ü
Ҹط£˹֣еϣѾˡ
ף
һƬûˣһתԷ֣Լ෽һƬԵÿյĵط
һƬطĿռ䣬ܰڷźüӣʵȴֻһӡϣû
ûж룬Ծ˹ȥ¡
ţԾ
Ը£;ãƺЩ̫ԡ
Ϊڣԭûʲô˹עԼģǵϺһĿ⣬ǶȻ֮ȫ˹
ЩĿ⣬еĴ⣬еĴϷʣе͸ŵǡ
ô£üѵӣҲ棬ʲô˵ԣӲûбռݣ
תͷҲû̫⡣ʲô˵Լÿλþˡ


107 ð
ԣ΢۾
Сֵܣ
Զһ󣬴һ
۾תĿȥһλųߣЩ͡ϣһԪӦһмߣΪ
ϵķΣԾ֪ӦǾƹݵӦ
ưɣЦЦӦ˵
ţƺҲסƹҪӪģҪе˽ֻϢҪκξˮǾƹ⻹ô
ԣΪӦѯҪҪˮ֮Ʒġ
Сֵܣ㻹ǿ뿪λɣӦȴϴһ˿أѹЩ
Ŷ
λʲô˵ЦЦ
ǣλʲô˵ȻҲǿԣ˵ʱ򣬾Ѿվˡ
˵ģҲ¡
ǺǣСֵǵһ\կɣӦҲ΢һЩЦʵ
ǰ\կҵ\ƹݣһ֪λĹء
ȷʵǵһԵ˵ͷлˣ
ԣӦ˹֡
Ҳʣλʲô˵ˣȻʺǾͻһطûλãվţҲʲô
ϡϣСӣռӵλ
ھ׼߳ʱһ̶Ľк
ӦɫҲ΢΢һ䣬Ծʹɫʾ߳
ԣüȥ
˵ˣһӣӥǣ߶ͷбۣžԡ
ߣһߣһɫ󵶡
һãʱΪ֮һӥ˵ܣûϢ۾ٿˡ
ϼһûҿλɣûõķӹһȥӥǣɫģӦȵ
үλСֵܵһ\կԲ֪أүͱƽˡӦЦ˵
ҹһȥ϶ٷϻӷ㣡ӥֱһƣֱӽӦ˳ȥ
ˣҲһ߼ߣӦ߰Ϊ
Ӧײײ˵һߡ
̾һεĿ˾һۡ
λģ΢΢ţҲˡӥӣӦǻ켣\կĶå֮ˣӴЩߵͿԿ˺ܲöԸ
ˣ\ƹڣڰռһӣҲ
ûСӣ˵ûλӣҵġӥ໰
ȻģÿˡԣҲû¡
ӥǺͬ飬߰ߣȻھǣǵðնӳԱģҲ˽񣬶¶ˡ
ԣӥȻſڱտھӵģҲˡ
ģСӣӵλƨɾߣ
£ĺ𣿡ӥǹһЦĿĶžԣھǰ
ü
УѾʼЩŭˡ
ЩһԴûκκøС

򵥵ĺܣСӣҪʶ࣬͹ԹԵĹӿͷȻٽүүӣͷһˣУλӻǮģôʱ䣬ҲøӷãҲûʯʯҺˡӥ׶
˵ʱԪҪʱԾԶ֡
ӥǵĻԵĿУһ˿ֳ
ǺǡԣЦ
ѾҪúʰӥһˡ
ھ˵öʯȻʲôǣöʯһ˵治ˡ
Ҫ֪ӵÿµĲ齱ߣŽöʯѡ
ԣڼ޶սЭᣬ߼սжöʯıꡣ
һΪӥǾ֧öʯãҲʨӴ󿪿ˡ
ȻþԷŭģӥǰĻ
ؿͷүү

\կ\ƹ⣬ֵϡ
ӳҪһʲôүȥϿȣ
һˣжʮҵߣ\ƹݡ
һ£׳ʵӣüëЩʡ
ţǵѣһֱðնӶܲһ滤һλȥϿȣܾܾ
ΪһˣɫۣĶսչ˵ʱתĿһǺߡ
ǣĳҲ̫˰ϿȣѾȽ»ɭˣǺΣյĵطȻֻһǧöʯĳ͡ߣģǳ̫͡
ðնӣƽʱȻҲӸð
ȫίǻһλȥϿȣһ񡣵ǣϿ»ɭֱȽĵطһǧöʯͣȻЩˡһ˵ҲҪǧöʯϲ
ʵȫȻЮͼȫǱʶ֮УͲǻͰ
Ц
үҪǻͣˣҲǸүһ򵼰ˣֻҪүҵϿȼɡôˣ˳·Ҳ͸ˣһǧöʯȻѾǺܸߵıˡ


108 Ǹ
ȫ˼ɸչȴ֪
ȫϢУ˵λоԵүˡչˣɲ֪ԵʵΣΪǵ񣬾ǻ;ԵϿȣȻٰѾ԰ȻĴ»ɭֻͳ
£ʲôҪȥ\կ
ڸչߣһɫȹŮӣһۺ߷ºȵ
ٺٺ١¶ʱԴЦ
ʵҲǱԹԹһǧöʯеˣҲĲί
߷ã㻹֪Ҳǣ˵˵ˣܲ㻹жӳһȥ졣
ˣҲЦЦ
Ҳ֪߷ﲻһʱˣ֪߷Ը񣬾ֱֱģҲϲԱЦ
ˣ֪ǣ񱨳̫ˡһλˣòҪἰ¡չʱĿɨһȺߣ˵
ӳİɣ
ǿ϶λ˲˵ġ
ǣôλˣҲкܴݵİɣ棬ƣһλˣ˵Ժܺܶء
ߣ׷Ц˵
˵ʱǣ\ƹݡ
ʱƹݴڵڶߣȽϰ
ԣչ˽룬˵ͱȽϴˡ
һĿ⣬ڸչðնӵϡ
۸ǰɣ
߷׼Ҫ¹Ǹ⳥öʯӥ߻ϡ
۾һչ߷ˡ
ðնӣһʱ䣬Ҫ»ɭ֡˻\կܱߵĵƦåȻҲʶչ߷һãҲ֪չ֧ðնӵĶӳ
ƽʱ˫ûʲôӴ
ϲ۸˲٣һ֧ðնӣҲǲԸǵġ
ðնӵˣɱɶǸƴġң඼ǵʳ׳ͻ
ûϵ˵ĸ߷һۣб̬ǿӲ˵
ȻԸǸչˣҲ治ðնӡ
̾Ϳר۸İ˵ķʶ㣬ϽҪȻֹ̲߷һ
ǣƢԸֱˬ
ԺҲͲµߣӦþĿˡ
˱۸ˣ棬ǸҪ˵ģȻԹۡ
ԣҲϳչˣ֪ոսƹݵĶʮߣðնӳԱ
кģǻûü˵ǺŮߣֱƦˡ
չô˼ôðնӣҲӵ𣿡۾ɫ䣬չ
չðնӵĶӳ
չüͷֿ˿ԡ˵ʵΪĿˣܲ¡ڣҲС
ﻨֵͷߣڸչ˵㡣
⻨ʵôһȴʶ̾ˡˣкܶ鷳
λֵܣǾүչûȻӦǶԾԹ˹֡
ǡһĸչӳҲԸչ˹֣Ц˵
չ뾰ԶԻüͷһҲû뵽İСӣȻðնӵʶ
ڵڶߣҲȻѹһֱֵ򾲣ԭʶðնӵˡ
ðնӣҲΪһ֧ðնӡðնӵĶսչиչø߷˶ǼΪǿľߡ
ȻʶðնӵˣѹֱȽеˡ
λүǵѣҿ£˰ɣչֿ򻨱ЦЦ˵
ŶƲƲȻǸչӳʶˣ£ҾһչӳҿǸӣѣռҵλҸӣҵǸҾˡ
ڻⷬѾǷǳչˡ
ԣǸҲǰס档
ҪֱˣǱ˻˵ðն
ĻЦ
ոգҪ֣Ū⻨ˣ׼ֵʱ򣬸չ˽ˣԲŵ
ڣҪǸ
Ҫ֪£ԸûκδƹݵλҲǻУֻΪǵƦͷߣԱ˲ηλˡ
ûκδ£һʵԽھߣһ߰ĵƦǸ⵱Ȼܣ
۾ǷЦ
ү㿴չɲ֪ԵʵҲϢˡ
ԣڻⷬ˵󣬸չ˼þԵǸìˡ



109 ľǣ
£ǲҪܵģ԰˰֡
ȻҪðնӵˣԼͷ
ԣ˵ǲҪܡʵ
ڱ˵ĶУ;ã⾰Ծ̫װģˡڣһ̨ףȴ֪£ⲻ޴
չ˫üҲ΢΢ЩáǣֳܱԱϾĹ˿ͣοίе˵ʲô
ѵ˵ܲǣϽǸϴ
չӳҲˣСԼҿ㻹ǲҪˡҪСӣ֪֪\կ˭ˣĿھϴһȦתЦһͳȵ
û𣿡߷ɫӰһǰ̤һԲŻ
СˣΪ㣿Ҳ׵ıŭˣ
\կƬҲպյˡô棬α߷ܼȥ
ǻûӦǱ˻˵
߷ϢᣬⷺһۻԪŻ˳ȥ
߷ھУʵ㼫ǿˡȻԶǸ߷֡
߷ﶯ֣߶Ԫֵǣ߲ࡣ
ֱӾͱ޴˳ȥԶԶһϣӡžһҵķѡ
ɣͬ飬ɣҲ͵һ𣬵ͺһһ˲١
ҪԸ߷ﶯ֡
ǣʵҲ쾳硣ûͬ߷һƻ˳ȥ
Կ˿߷Ҳû뵽ðնӵŮߣԸȻ˵Ļ𱬣ֱӾͶķ˻ˡ
ԭû˶ֵģüҲǿЦҡҡͷ
Ͻ̹ٷϻ̲ǣ߷ԸոĻˣٴŭ˵
Ϳֵͷ߲˳ˣҪĸչһֱ£ʰˡ
չ̾һ
ˣҲֻһһ
ǡǵƣСˣӵţ
Щǵģߵƹǰ󣬶ݺݵ仰ٳ\ƹݡ
ͬ飬Ҳ˳ȥ
ʲô߷졣
ү׼ʲôʱ»ɭ֣ǿԣھͶչֿԡ
ҲǵģٴһЩ߰˻ֻҪ»ɭ֣뱨ҲҲˡ
ãھͶɡԵͷ֮ԼŴӺڷҲ»ɭ֣ҵϿڡ
չĻ⡣
ү룡չ
¼öʯ⳥ƹݱõκһȺˣٳ\ƹݣ»ɭֽ
\կ»ɭ֣ѾܽԼֻвʮ·̡ԾԵ˵ٶȣҲյʱ䣬ʽ»ɭֵķΧ
ү»ɭֺɲ߶һУҪǵġģǻᾡ֤İȫ߷ԾԶ˵
֪ԵʵмߵΪ˲ˡ
룬ˣҲ඼롣
ԣ̫ˣҲʮӡͣмߵΪǺܲˡ
ˣɲ֪ǴӶٳǴġȻ˵λүˣʶģҲΪǶǵڣĸϵļӵܡ
ΪǱڣûվĴ塣
߷ĻԲÿɷЦЦԸ߷ӡ󣬻ǺܲģŮˣƢЩ𱬣ĵƺȽƣЩ˼Եͷ߻̬ȾͿԿó
ιûû˵߷۾һɡ
ͺǾԻһ߸ϵӣҪֽѵԵӡ
ʵҲǣ»ɭΣ̫ˣҪǲǿܻðնӴܴΣա
үƢã֡»ɭֺȷʵҶȻǿû취ʱ㡣»ɭڣڶ࣬ǵĿĵϿȣһƬпµĸ߼޳ûչʱ򿪿ڶԾ˵
ţ֪Ǻ⣡ģҲ鷳ġЦЦ˵ֻҪҴϿȾУȻǾͿ뿪
ߣ߷һ
ԾǴӡ
һϿȣ
ǾԲƬ̣ͻЩ޵Ķڡ
ү֪ľǣ߷£ЦЦЩʾԡ
µˣԾԣҲ΢ЩġΪǾԣǵ˻ͷߡԺ\կܻкܶ鷳
ʾԵľ磬ҲȡЦԵ˼
㲻Ǹ߸һţƵļߣ


110 ү


ĶʮԱЦǵȻǹҪþѿġ
߷˷Ƥ˷һۡ
Ҳû˵µĲǣ޹شŵ飬оԵļһһſקըļƣ߷Ҳһ˿ˬġ
ЩӸ磬ܶ࣬ЩһССϼĹүõԴĻᣬЩð߶ö࣬Ǹ֪»ɭȵطն
ԣҲٴЦЦ
˶óȡЦԼôܿ
ҲȻӴʱ仹ҲܸоóЩԱ
ʵҵľ磬͵ģЦЦĶԷ˵
Ŷ
ʲô
ү֪ʲô𣿡һ㶺ִЦ
ô֪Լľߣ֮ô˵޷ǲ붪ˣӡ
찡УңӦҲɣǣɲҪСң
Զһ£ſЦƵ˵仰
벽֮ʵҲ죬֮ڡ
½׼Ǿ绮ϣʵް벽ȼ쾳֮ϣ֮ܶߣڽ֮ǰᾭ벽Եĵȼ
ԣ˵ԼҲ죬ûκδ
˵ԼҲ죬ˣ΢΢һ񣬺ɵԡ
λү˵滰ǼٻΪǾĺܿˣλүҲʮͣھѾˣʣǺεȵĿ°죬ȵģ
֮
үͱţˡ񣬾Ǹ𱣻㰲ȫģҪôǿʵҪʲô߷ֱӣֱӾͲ˾Եӡ
ٺ١ԺٺЦҲûٶ͡
߷ˣԲ˵ˣ϶ԸղڴţƤˡ
߷̲ס˷۵˾һۡ
Ƣˣ۵ı鵹ǶΪƯ
ǰ棬Ƕϻˣʱ򣬶ӳչָǰ˵
ϻ룬һݡһƬڣܽ»ɭֵĵطֻˡҪֻе֮⡣չ˵
֮˵ȻΪ˾ԡðնӵԱ֪ЩϢġǾǵһν»ɭ֣¶ЩжţҲ̫
˵ϻ²Ȼγɵġ£Ҳ˵һ䡣
ţȷʵȻڵģϻ£һλǿߣΪ赲»ɭڵϮŶǵ࣬ط°ġ߷˵ͷ
˵⼸仰ԣҲıһ¡
ѾԿ޴Ķϻˡ
ޱֱĶ£Ȼߣطģ
λߣжǿʵ
߷˵ǿߣҲû˵ľ磬ܸ߷Ҳ֪λǿߵľ硣
ǣҪ˾޴ɽ£ӱ𴦰ᵽʵȻҲֲ˼ɡ
ʲôʱҲʵУʤ꣡
˵˵ţˣݴ
Ҫ»ɭ֣Ҫϵϻ¶Ȼȥһĵײʽ»ɭַΧˡ
Ϊ֮ڣֻһԽ»ɭ֣Դ»ɭֵߣҲǺܶࡣ
µײʵ˽һʱԵˣŽϻµĶ
ҲǾ̾
ϻ£ȷʵޱȵĶͣڣ¾ԼҲܴǵǿߣҲδ
ǰ·ѾǿԿһƬɫ쵽ǳԶĵطޱ޼ʡ
⣬»ɭˡ
»ɭֵҪȶǵĺʯɽҪܶࡣ
ΪʯɽȻҲ֮࣬ԴͱȽ١˵ûУ»ɭȣݾ̫ˡ
Щ»ɭֵߣὫѰҸֵȼݣΪҪĿ֮һ
Ҫ㹻ãҵһĸƷݣǿɾһӷˡ
ǣˣǽڼϡˣһӽ»ɭֺܶΣҲֻҵһЩȽϵͼݰˡ

ү
ϻ¶ĳһµߣҴҴԶͣһȺʮǰΪˣ
𣿡Ϊ׵ˣСȴһ˫۾ĳΪ
ǣߵʮߣ࣬
һƬڣûˣ֪λү
֣ȽƬڣǿķ˰졣
ȽߣվһɫӡˣȻ\ƹڣ߷ѵһٵĻ


111 
үðնӶӳչѾ¶ǺߣӦ
磬һҪҳһʲôʱܹȶǸСˣǹ˻ͷ֮ޣݺݵҧ
ȽĽֵܡ
ʵϣˣֻ죬\կΧȴûʲô˸ԭ򣬾Ƚ
߼ߣԲһȴܲ⻨ĽֵȽ
\ƹУ߷ѵ˻󣬸չҪ»ɭ֣ҲΪ˱ܿȽ
ΪȽ򲻽\կܱ˰죬һ벽쾳ǿߡֵ£߼ߵҪðնӻҪܶࡣ
Ƚ˰ɱǺǸչ޷ܵġ
ӱ죡Ƚ׶˻һۡ
ʱӡ
ȻȽĽֵܣҲ֪û磬\կƨǡû⸽ĸ߼ߣһץһѡҪûȽôţͱŪʬҰˡ
˵ȽܳɽֵܣҲԴһɺϡ
ʮǰȽûʵֻһͨ߼ߡʱ׷ɱԭǴ㵽»ɭֱһʱģ·\կ\կȴ׷ϣҲҿܻ
Ǻ˾ͽݣʮʱȥǸȽȴΪ벽쾳ǿߣҽ𸽽ǿķ˰
Ƚķ˰ϻµ¶д˵صߣȡһĹ·ѡ
ȻȽҲǷǳˣֻҪʵȽǿ߻ŶӣһɷУԷìܡ
ҲΪĽܷչ졣֪ʲôܵʲô˲ܵ
ȽҲ֪ðնӲô׶Ը֮ǰҲδðնӵĸչȡ·ѡ
һΣĽֵܻȴ۸ˡ
Ƚ򣬲ܲһıʾ
Ľֵܶ˽ѵˣһسӣǱ˻ôȽȽ򣬻ȥ
ԣȻȽҲ޲Գһ٣ˣϾȹԼٲãȽҲš
ʱȽ۾Ŀ⣬ǰ
Ѿչˣ֮ڡ
ϣȽ򣬿Уͳķһ֡

ʮ߼ߣ˲˳ȥչ˰Χ˹ȥȽͻˣҲ
ã
Ƚ򣡡
ģǶôô죿Ǵ\ƹֱӳȻȽ򡣡չˣҲܿͷȽķ˰һȺˣɫ΢΢һͳ
ս׼չֱһ̧ĶʮԱȵ
ͣͣ
ʮԱսȻҲޱȵķḻ
ڸչºһʱڣչͣÿ˶óԼ֮׼ս
߷þүչԸ߷ͺȵ
֪߷Ļش𣬼Ȼݵľһۣ΢΢ҡҡͷ
治֪λүⲻ֪գ̩ɽ治ɫȡ
չӳ
Ȼ˰ߣˣΧס
Ȼ󣬴Ӻ󷽣ƶ˹ţչ΢΢ֵ
Ƚ죬һˮˮ֪ڣô˼չ񣬶ȽЦЦʡ
֮䣬ȷʵûʲôͻǣӦֵ֪ܡѵǲȽӣȽͳ˵˸
磬ǷϻôʲôֱǣǸи߷СڡҲСжˡվȻ̲סĿаĹâŸ߷Ҫˮˡ
߷òҲһˡֻǰûлᡣҲȽƵĽ飬ǶȽˡ
߷ƢĻ̵ס
΢΢һȫԪҪˡҲ֪ҪǱԣûȥŪĻ
ˣҲŭӻ
ӱ죬ٸ˵һϻַ㣡Ƚ򣬷ŭĶԻ
ȽãһĽֵܣһ̲ȥ
ȽŭĺƲƲ죬Ҳ治ټ˵ˡ
Ƚ죬£˵һ㣬ðնӣȽΪСչѹ˵
һΣ̫ȽӦڶϻϣȻӦôϵסðնӡ
ˣҲֻһһ
չӳ뷨Ҳıϡ㽻ǸߣȻø߷ֵܵǸ¾ꡣȽЦЦ񣬡ৡһȺмľԡ


112 ҫ
Ƚ仰ԿӦҲðնӳ˺
ðնӣϣȷʵԶԶķ˰ǣЩˣսɱޱȵķḻ
һ˫չȽãԼܽðնӼԼķ˰Ҳһо޴ʧ
ԣ򲻵ѣǲԸ⿪սġֻҪչܽǸоԵ߽͵ڣðնȽͷˣ\կƬطҲû˵Ƚ򲻽û˵ȽС¡
Ǻǡ
Ƚ죬ǿѰչЦݣĿֱȽ
˭֪үðնӵĹǵΣǱүİȫڣȽ죬ȴҪҽԺðնӣ𣿡չȻƽ֮У͸һɸûصζ
չ֪һ˫ðնӽĴЩԱһֿܻǴ˶ڴˡԼĿԶȽǰ벽죬ûκΰȽл
ǣ˵Ĵ󲿷˻ȫҲܽԽȥֻҪ滹һ˻ţԾͱš
ǣĽⲻظһҫ
Ƚ죬ø߷ֵܻȷʵ\ƹݷһЩ˲ìܡɣø߷ֵܵǸҲ룬Ƚ㣬ðնһӣ½ҹȥˡչ˵
硭߷һš
ҪǸ
ǻɱ
չޱĵ˸߷һۡ
չʵҲԼãȥǸĵƦǸϵðնӵĴ߷ĵǸԽ⣬Ǿ߷ٲԸ⣬ҲԷͷϴ
߷ȻҲһ㣬ԣҲĬֻĿ⣬ĶȽĻ޲ýɱһٱ顣

Ƚȴ۾Ц
չӳҪҸӣ˭ȽӣѾҪЭˣȴ顣Ҿֱ˵˰ɣ죬ҪǲǸСӽðն飬ҪȫСӣᣡȽȫɱ⣬׺ݵĿⱬɷ˵ĺȵ
׼ս߷£һɱǵһʱ令;ү뿪ϻ£չ΢΢Ը߷ͷ˵˵
֪һսѾܱˡ
չӳǼȻҪңͽҽȥɣǷģҲǵġ
ԣЦ˵
㲻˵չû˵߷͵˾һ۵
үһ֮һҪٶܣҺ͸߷û߾ܱ㡣£ҲѹصĶԾ˵
ȻҲ̫ϲԣڹؼʱҲȥԵİȫ
ЩˣɶԣԼҪ
ԣļ䣬Ҳǲһɸж
û뵽ðնӵˣȻôнڲ١ҪһðնӣȽȺ˵ıЭˣԼðնӣ֮ѡ˭ɵװԼðնӵ
û˵Ľ£Ѿǰ˹ȥ
ʱðնȽ˰λõĺ󷽣вٵðߣۼ
ЩУȻһЩ\ƹݣĿþԺͻͻˡ
Ҫˣ
չӳҲţȻΪǸСӣҪȽսɱ
ҾãðնЩֵȽҪСӣͽСӽȥˡڣƺҪ棬ȥˣ
ߣҿСӾЩ˳ۣʱҪԸͷҲøչӳôˡҪ˵СӾԼҲǻã
ǣ
һЩˣţˣìͷָ˾ԡ
Щðߣ֪һ;ļѡҲ»ɭĵطٲԸͷʱҲͷ
ͷţ
ͷ͵
ţϣ˶ˣһϣ˭ǵأ
үҪʲô
ү𶯣ͣ
չ߷ˣû뵽ԾȻԼм߳ȥǲʱ򣬾ѾߵǵıΧ֮⡣
ǣĶԾԺ
⾰ԣ
չѾ߶еԪ׼ɱȥˡ
СӵӣⰡԼ߳ˣ磬ȥŪС쵰һߣʱһȽ˵
Ƚüžԡ
ãƺЩ̫Ծʼʱûнע̫ھϣԵûвʲôĸоھ˳ͷ֣߾ԣȻЩ͸ԷϣƺһĪĺ
ô£
ȽһЩƵĽ


113 
ȽûлӦֻȽĬԳˡ
䣡
ôҲ쾳ߣԪ߶ٶҲǼ졣˫һأѸޱȳԡ
Сӣɣǣ¶ײеЦݡ
һ֣Ҫ¾ء
գ\ƹݣǶˡһеĸԴоԵСŪԣܽޣ
һߣչ͸߷ˣͬʱȻǳŭԺ֣Ǵʱ׷ʱҪĻǱסԵ
ڿն֮ŰԪžԳ˳ȥ
ԣ΢΢һ£ƣͻȻ̽
ŵƳһɿµĺԪ͵Ż˹ȥ
һߣȻֵþԳȻҲҪʹκѧ
ֻԪͿԣ׺Ļѹ
ã
ֱʱȽɫһȷһ£߾ԣȷʵǱϿô򵥡
Էʵ³Լ
ȽͬǼٵĴӺ󷽳˳
ǣĶࡣ뻨һξʱ򣬻һҽк嵹˳ȥûκε
ԣ嶼ûκƶվԭء
\ƹݵʱ򣬾ԾնɱˣΪչ˽Ӱ˾Գ֡
ڣԼ֪ֶ½Լˡԣôܻ飿
壬û׹أϢѾȫʧĲڵȫϣӴ÷飬ſſģ׹Զĵ֮ϡ
㡭ɱֵܣȽ΢΢һ٣žԡ
УһҰްɫޱȵ
ٲãҲĽֵܣȹ
ڣλֵܣǰôֵܱ
֪ԵʵܲԼֻ£Ҳȴûк˵ء
ɱ
Ƚһŭ
ŭʮߣȫ׺ݵžԺ˳˹
չ͸߷Щ¡
ڻԵʱǾѾٶȻ죬ǻ뾰ԸҪ¾ԣЩ޳ĪˡǣãԼѾԱɱ߱شľ
ǣʵзľȴ޷ţ쾳Ļһ˳ȥˣɳȥĻȻѾ
Ҳ˵һĳУɱ߼ߵʵ
ǿúԣѧûʹá
ǣεȿµʵ
ѵ˵ԼǾߣģ
ǣߣҲɻɱһ߰ɣҪǶѧȻۣǾԸûʹκѧ
չ͸߷Щ¡
ˣǵԲ۾ŵĿšǰһϮɫۿȥҲʮ͵߾ԡ
Ƿ£ӶҪ˳Ȼǣڲ֮ǰѯʾʲô磬ҪȡЦԵġڿԵʵ֮ϣ֮¡
˼˵鷳˵ʵ
ԶЩΧ۵ߣһҲȫĬƬ̺Щ˵ϣֶѪɫӿĿоʢ
ΪһģɱҪʼˡ
Ƚķ˰ðնӵɱ޷ˡ
ڣȽŷ˰ߣѾðնӵĳԱʼ̡࣬ںʱڣ˫ͻᷢҵײ
һЩΧ۵ߣ˼ʼЩˣıԵȻһƵĺûᡣ
ֻҪȽķ˰ðնӵ˻ɱܾˣʱǾһᣬˮ㣬ϣһʺơ
һȵĿ⣬ĶţײȺߡ
֣
ӳչҲһ֣ĳԱһȡ
ɱĶʮ߼ߣͬıһŭ
һߣȫ߶ԪֳָȽ˰ߡ
ɱֵܣҪȽĵһĿ꣬ǾԣȻ֪ѿеĹͷû·
ңֻҪȽɲľԸɵԸðߣͱȽˡչ߷ʵȻԼ벽쾳ǰ˻ЩǺķһЩʱ䣬ܽ
üͷȽ򣬳һɫľ޴׺ݵĳԼڵ˵һ䡣
֮üΪȽ벽ΪвΪûսðնӿܻˣǾԲԸġ
ԣ̵ʱڣȽ˰Ҫ


114 ո
֮
ಣ
Ե壬ȻʧԭأֻһƬӰ
Ƚ˰̫࣬ҪսҲòʩչ֮
꣡
Ƚɫ޴ХԲӰ
һ̣ȽȻһһƺҪһЩûгԤеǿֿ
ɹˣȽһ
ȽϲãҲͽһ˲һɲǣͷԾûκĸо
޴˵ϣ϶пǲͬĸо
һǸطﻹоԵӰӣԣʧˡٶ֮죬벽쾳ߣ۶ڶʱûв׽
жʱһݣȽæתѰҾڡת󣬿ľ󣬼ֱĿѡ
ĵ̶֣ʱڣѾ߰˸֮ࡣȫǣһͷҽûüѾˡ
ৣ
֮ĸ֮£Ķ쵽¡ǣЩ߼ֵܹġ
⽣ͺһֻ֮һ߾߶ͷ顯ðѪʬ塣
ס֣Ƚ˻ߵ˻תٴžɱ˹ȥ
ǣٶȾԣţһ㣬زסɱ˰ĳԱ
ʱȥ٣ʮ˰ԱھԵĽ¡ûһˣһ֮У쾳ߡ
ڣЩ˰ĳԱˣֹͣǰ̵ĶǿʼˡЩˣһ϶մѪ˵ǲ׺ǣв˶ǣʵǿǸֿܵǿߺҲᵨ
ûˣȫԼ
֮ǰĶͺǰԼͷȥԷո
ס֣סְȽ˫Ŀ졣
һֱСĽЩǿߣԷֻһԻкǿʵȥǡԣܹһֱԼķ˰ﲻ׳󣬲ҷչ죬Ϊ\կܱߵ֮ɫķ˰
ڣƺһԼȫǵˡ
ԣȻûֹͣԼĹЩ˶ӯ˵ϧɱǣûκεѹȽ˰Ҳǳ\կڵһŶ¡
ԣб£Ƚ򣬷׷ԣͬʱлŭ
ðɣֵˡ
ԣֹͣתȽ
˰ĴȺߣֹͣðնӳԱԾԲʱͣ֡
ƾ˵Ƚˣ㽲ʱھµһȺˡǣȴһ󣬾Ծɱġ
˵ǾʵǿĻǽ첻ҪȺˣҲʮ֮˾š
ԣҲоȽ
ǾԶɡ
䣡
ȽֹͣûκεԥžԷǿĹеĺɫ޴ſµԪһʯžԺȥ
꣡
˻˻
ԣе⽣ֻһ
һƬϸ΢Ľâ뵶âûз̫עĿơ赭дģźɫ޴ӭȥǣ⿴û̫ǿĽâɫ޴󣬾ǣµױȵ
顱һ
ɫ޴ֱӾͱƫһࡣâδɢȽԴϯ˹ȥ
ʱȽ侲ƽĿ⿴žԡڽâԴʱǾȻ֣¶Цݡ
ԣϣܷŹֵܣһȽЦŶԾ˵·ڿ
ո¡Դͱռڵĺɫâи㣬
ɽ磬ϻ¶ҵĴš
Ƚ壬ǣȥԴҲǹ䵽֮ĵط
ȻȽڿɱߵʱ򣬾֪ԼԶǾԶ֡ѾжϣӦ쾳ǿߣͨ죬ھ硣֪ǾԶ֡
ǣȻûڵһʱѡܡҲ֪ܣԾǿֲٶȣһᱻ׷ϡ
ܵΪʲôһ̣ܳþԷŹЩһҲԣôһˡ
ǺӣǣѡְҵԿȽʬһۣҡҡͷ
Ŀ΢΢һתǱոԼɱȽ˰ﻹŵĴʮĳԱ
Щˣп־壬зŭվ﷢ָͱ鶼С
ǶˣȽҷһڣҸһ·ԶЩŵķ˰Ա˶ϻº뿪\կܱߣǻҾԲǵڶλĻᡣ
УΪȽ򱨳ھͿԡûᣬǾ͵ԺΪʵˣҡԣ̵˵


115 ȷʵ
Щ˰Ա㽫ȫɱҲΪ
ԣΪȽǰĻǾһλĻᡣ
Գһȡ
˰ߣвʵģҲҧгҪΪ챨ģǻǶ뿪ˡ
ϣвںԼˣԲࡣ
Щ˰ߣҪ;ƴģҲ֪ڳȥ·
ûģͲװ
ĸչˣԭأľż㿴žԡ
ոգҲȽ˰ģھԼʱɱʮ˰ߺǾͲ֪䣬ֹͣ
޷ҵǴʱ𾪡
ǰλүΪҪǻȥϿȵˣ
ǣ˭˭
Ƿ£ʱͷ̧ͷԡ
ǶԾԲ˽⣬֪֮ǰ˵Щ᲻λʵޱȵľүһԼǳô죿
뵽һɵȽ򣬷ֻԼĲҲ쬵ģԴ᲻Ҳ
ȻҶһλ쾳ǿߣ˵ִгЦζĻ
£޲Լ⡣Ҳǰ¾ģԺ㿴СߣҲԲκСͷ
ԲЩˣǣĸһĨЦݡ
չӳǲǸüˣԣ˵Щʱġ

չˣ
λүȥƢðᣬ֮ô˵ûмӡ
֮ǰ£ôλүûκεĶŭ
ããʰһ£չڵľ˹Աе
ˣʼЩȥķ˰ԱʬϣȡЯԴȻ󣬽Щʬ壬͵
˶ˣʬҰҲס
ЩںԶΧ۵ߣһȫð亹
ǣֱԼ˻þ
ԭǾһɱܶˣܴеõôǣȷʵ˲ˣȴȫһ
ǸµߣȻȽ˰зˣȽҲеĳ֮¡
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ߣ
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Щߣ׷תȥǣԽԺˣһӽ»ɭֵ¶ϻ¡
үǴӷ˰ԱϣռԴչԽѼԴ͵ǰ
Щ˰ԱϵԴࡣȽ϶ûʲôԴǾ޴Ǽֵơ
ԣЩԴУѡһЩ
ʣµЩλֵܾͷ˰ɣ԰ڰ֡
ʣԴҲǧöʯˡԴھ˵ʲô˷ˣҲǸǵıɡ
лүչõӦ˵һ㶼
Щðߣ׬ȡԴףչҲ֪ЩԴھ˵ܲʲôǶ˵ȴǺܴһˡ
ԱҲϲޱȡ
λү˵ûӣһܴ󷽣ǧʯԴ͸ˡ
Ҫ֪ԲЩԴ͸ǣҲǲ˵ʲôġȽ˰ˣǾһ˶նɱģҲûʸЩԴ
үʵǿΪλҪǺһ»ɭأ»ɭֺ󣬸߷̲ס˳
ڶϻϣʵģһֱﵽڡ
һ˽»ɭ֣Ҫðնһͬ룬Ҫܶࡣ
ԶԸ˵ΣգǴðնӣҲûʲôϣ
Ǹ߷ɻˣͬɻ
ֻǣǶʳҲֻԸֱӵĸ߷ʳڡ
ȥϿȵģҲ֪ôߣΪ˽ʡʱ䣬˴·ЦЦĿһתֵû˵
ˣǻΪҪǻȥϿء֮ǰǻСŸһǧöʯĳͣû뵽߷￴˿ԡ
£ڼ֮ǰһֱֹ˵СԱ겻⣡߷ֿ򷽵¡
߷ãô϶ʱߣҾ˵˵ҡ
ͣ⻹治̫ý֮ͣǰȷʵñ̫ˣҪǷ飬ðնӲܽ
ûµġЦŰڰ֡
Уү֮ǰľ磬ô˵찡ɣ߷תһȦ۾
Ҳ죬ȷʵ쾳硣Ե
߷ˣ΢΢һ㶡
ôܣ
쾳磬һˣȽ˰ɱǰ벽쾳Ƚ򣬶Ըһնɱˣ
˵죿


116 ֿ
˵Լ쾳磬߷ʵš
쾳ߣ߷˼̫̫ˣǴû쾳ߵʵǿ̶ֳȡ
ȻǾ㲻ţҲšҲ֪ԾûƭǵıҪ֮֮ǰҲѾǰչ¶ǿʵڻƭǣǶһˡ
ûôǿߣҲֻǣǹªţʶ㡣
벽죬Ҳ졣
֮ǰԴ߶֮֮䣬նɱʮȽ˰ԱԪ߶ҲȽԵʱΧԪҲΪ
һ㿴Ӧеİ벽죬Ƚһġ
ֻǣȽսȾԣǾˡ
ипǧǾߣᡣͬǾ죬ôôأ
»ɭֺɫǰ
ʱڣ߸ǰǸ߼ߣҲֻۿΧʮ֮ڵľ
Ļڸ·ȻǷǳΣյġ
ǾԸʱ䣬չðնӳԱʱӦҸطפɫˣһЩߺٸ·ġ
ڣҲҹ·
оǿڣǵҲǺܵģλãҲ»ɭֵΧ
ʮߣںڰУٵļ۱С
ʱǣѾ»ɭʮ֮Զ
ϿȣԼ»ɭĵطǸλãѾ»ɭֵΧˣðնĶ飬һҲ뵽
Ϊһ߼ޣ߼֮ϵޣ߼ޣðնӣпܻˡ߼ޣ̫ˣֲޱȡ
ҹ·ֻ˲ʱ䣬Ժðնӣ»ɭӡ
һ·ϣҲٵͼ޺͸߼ޣҲֱԺðնӸɵˡ
Ⱥһζû
ʵϣû֮ǰԾʹ˱ܿˡ
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Уǿ˺˵ĵزȺ·ϣԿԵһʱ
ԴˣȴǲΪǾûȺ
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һգӳչԾ˵
һ·ϣչˣǷǳ˷ܵġƽһν»ɭ֣뵽»ɭǲô룬Ҳûôɹ
뾰һֱһСһ·ϣɢɢɱĵͼ޺͸߼Ҳ٣ֵҲޱȷˡõԴһŲҪɾðնռ˾޴ıˡ
չǣôܲ죿
ǣ룬Ͽôô͵ˣҪһֱôɱȥǾ̫ˬˡ
ɣվ˫Ҫֿġ
չӳлˡλֵܣлˡԶԸչðնӳԱ˹֡
ϿѾܽҲԷֿˡ
үǺһϿȱԵɣ߷΢΢Щ˷˵ɫġ
ˣǴͿʼذɣϿȸ̫Σˡҡҡͷ˵
һ·ϣչҲ˵˲ٹϿȵϢԾ֪Ͽȸûĸ߼رࡣ
߼޵Ĺ̫ǿһͷͷԻаڱ˻Ͻնɱ̫࣬ǾҲܹ˲
ԣʵġ
Ǻðɣ߷ེ촽
ˣҲЩᡣҲ֪ٺ;ʵջǵ÷ֿ
үҪϿȵģǣȻžһͬ롣
һߣûдﵽ죬Ͽܻų
үԼСģ
үذ

Ȼദҵʱ䣬ˣԾԵ˽Ҳ˲١
֪λǿߣֵ𾴡
ԣ˵ЩҲĵġ
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ಣ֮΢΢һԵӰʧ֮ڡ
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ܻҲǷǳļžûκε졣
ûޣҲûߡ


117 Ͽ
ȻﲻûޣȽٰˡ
һ˵ԽǵȼߵޣķΧԽǴ󡣺ܶޣʶռһƬ򣬳ΪԼء޻룬ͻὫԷϳԼأֱɱ
Ⱥӵޣ⡣
ԣ󣬾Բκδ⡣ۿǸ֪޵ټȴҲԵİȫ
СĵѰƬ̣ԾҵϿȵڡںСԼ׿׸߶ȡֻǴ濴һѨڡ
ڴһɫİ߲ʯСϿȡּҪǿ⼸֣ҲȷϿȵڡ
վ棬Сĵ̽Ƭ̣ȷӦûΣգԲŴڣ˽ȥ
Ȼ֮䣬ǰҰǿࡣ
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ǵһνϿȣҲֻСǰУԼһʱ󣬾ϿȲӡ
ʱüΪ֣ܵİƺԽԽŨ
ϿȺйߵģܿԶطľ󡣿ܵĻһЩңĳŨ̶ȣҲԽԽء
ҲˣԻ֣ĵΣƺһֱ¡ǰλãӦǱĵƽߵʮ׵ӡ
µĻȲ󣬼޷ҪǾԵĸ֪ǿҲһ㡣
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Ͽȵգɴ˿ɼһߡ
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ʮʱҲ˲ٵݣʮӡǵͼݣҲһݣУֻһļݣǱȽ۵һļݣֵҲͲһǧöʯҡ
ȻԲΪϿȼֵΪԸоóԼȻϰϿ˵룬ֻһС֡
ʱ򣬾ҲЩżˣΪûҵԼҪѬ
ѬȻֻݣ򲻵Լֱõϼֵߣھ˵ȴ޼۵ġ
ԵĶ͸Сˣһһͷ˼ޣԾԵʵҲ϶ǳԲġ


118 ҳ
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֮ǰȫҲˣڷһѹûС
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ȫȻҲóλ򳤴˵״ʲô̡
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ңҲһЩҪǼڶ࣬ʵǿһֻ˶̶ʱȫˣߡ


119 Ѭ
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ԾԵĿҲֻܿΧ֮ڵľ
˴ʱѾϿڣǰ˽ӽʮʱ䡣ѰѬȻҪȾĻҪࡣ
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𣡡ޣٴŭһ˶ͷ­бͭһĺɫ۾žԡ·Ҳɻ󣬶СС࣬Ȼûбֱײ


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⻰ԶʱȻˡˮȻǱǻ޸ŭˡȻ׷ǾԣˮһֱھϵǬڣҲ͵ˮ׷ôԶ



121 Ƴɹ
ˮԪ½ĵһǿߣйһͷ˼׷ϵľ
ƽȮ۰
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Եĸоͺն̮죬ݺݵ
תԪżΪֲѹЩԪѹޣþڵԪת
֮Ժݺһҧ
صѹ£ǿתһԪͨԵȫɲǼ䣬ʩչ֮ӺɫƵַΧѳ
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ȹŮߣԵӰ޾֣в΢΢һ̾
Ȼϣ޹ѾԮҲֻĿһз
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һĻȹŮһ˫ͫڣҲһ˿Ĺʡ
ߣǿúܡ
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Уһɫĳ֮ϣһҫ۵ĽӲӽ⣬
ɫĽ⣬ռ䣬䵽޵Ĳ֮
ɣ
ޣޱӴĺɫڲɫ֮͵ͬʱĿУĲҽ
ԣʱ䵽һߣĶɽһľͺɫޣ⽣ɫâҲǲϵţʱ׼ٴ㡣
ǣͺɫޣȴûټԡڣһνעŵŮߵϡ
ҽţͬʱ׺ݵת壬˫նŮ߹˹ȥ
ţԣȴĿ
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ԭͷɫ֮ǰŮߺͺɫ޵ĶսɱƾеġڣɫҪλܵ˳صһϢԽԽȻѾŮߵĶˡ
ɣ
ɫޣҽеƵԽԽ죬ҲԽԽ
ƺҪˣŮ߲ܸߵĻᡣÿһκɫҪ·ӵʱŮ߾һסȥ·
ģɫޣԽԽ
㣬ŮеĴԽԽࡣ
ۣ
¡¡
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δޣͣ߶аף˫š˫֣ȫƤڣн϶̵ĺɫëÿһë·һ
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ͷ޵ʬ壬ֵԺܾˣ
ৣ
ȹŮߣʱҲ䵽ɫʬԱߡ
ԣȻתĿȥʱ΢΢һ㶡
ȹŮߵò޾ס
֮ǰһֱлῴУŮ߾վھ֮ĵطȻܿ
ȹŮߵòǱȶٳǼ޶սЭģҪһ
ڶٳǣߣ֮Ϊٳǵһˡ
ǰȹŮߣòϣҪһɴ˿ɼòжô˾ˡ
ȻԿԷҲֻ΢һ£ܿͻָ
Уźܴġ
ûǣոԼɫ޵УҪһ̻ܱ侲ʩչ֮ܿ޹ʱӦǱĳһƬˡ
֮Իᱻɫ޹ΪȹŮߣɫ޴Ͽ˳
һŭҲҿֶԷۿɫޱȹŮնɱǵʵҪɱԼҲһ飬ҪڶԣȻʵǿĴڡ
ԽŮˣԽΣաһ˵˻Ǻͺ˵
ԣվһԣҲȿ˵װɵ


128 ʲô
ȹŮߣüҲ΢΢һ
Ϊڿò󣬾Ȼֻ˼ݵ˵ߣӵ߼͵ԿһЩͽϴߣǿ
ޣнȹŮߣ˳Ĭȿڡ
ŶԵͷ
Ȼ֪ʲôޣ޹ؽҪҪ˵ģͷϵԴӦô֡
ֻͨޣǰ˼ޣԶ̫⡣ǰͷޣȻǳԽż޵Ĵڰ
ôһʾ޴ĲƸ֣ǲɵ
ֽаѩȹŮ߿žԣüͷ˵
ŶҽоԡԻӦ
ԵĻѩһ˫Ϊÿüë塣ΪߣƺԼƺûӡӡ
ǶǵߡǶǵߣӦû˵ԼֲŶԡ
޽ǳѨеһޣ޵ĴڣΪ޽ǵĳѨȻޣԶһľż޿ɱȣڣ̺޵ѪҲǰˣ޺֮䡣ѩŶԾ˵
ţѹһʵôǿ󣬸ղһƲҿҶÿ졣ԵͷԽʵ̾˵
ãаѩŮߣ˵ĻӦöġڶԷ˵޽ǣҲ֪һּǿޣǳϡ٣ڴ½ϲңԸȽºͣһ㲻࣬ཫŻ෢
ѩ˵ڽǳѨôҲ˵ϿнǳѨڡ
ǳѨǿǺõطߣԽǳѨߡ
Ŀתѩ
ǰѩϿģʱ׷ѩ̬аѩŮߣǳѨ
ҪȻǳѨӦǲ׷ѩôá
ôѩڽǳѨڣʲôöأ
ǳѨһ޴ı⣬дĸԴóһ㹻ۺˡ
ʵնɱҲй͡ѩδ񶨾ԵĹ͡
ѩʱɱѷѽ⡣ʵϣѩǴƵģΪʲô
ΪѩȻǿԪҲһ޶ȵģǳ־ɱȥѩһֱ۷״̬ҪȻҲһֱϿȵĳڵˡ
Եĳ֣ɹ˽ע⣬ý¶Լ㣬ѩǳһλᣬش˽Ȼɱ
˵ûоԵĳ֣ѩǺѽɱ󣬰ѩԳɹѵ᲻ˣⶼ˵
ѩĻ泩һЩ޵ϢŮߣûнĨɱ˼
Ǿͺ˵ˣǾͿʼһϵԴɡ
Цѩ
֮ǰѩ˵һãˡ
ѩ˵ţֱһӣһԪӿʬ嶼ڡ󣬽ӴʧھԵǰ
ȻǱѩ
ϵָֽܷŲһͷӴĽʬ壬ǰѩϣȻи߼ָֽ
ʬ壬ɡ
ʲô˼
꣬ʲô˼
ðΣգʲôôò
ԿŰѩһ£һѩʵû˰ɣҲֻܣԼù
ԣ¶ǵĳҪҰæԵҡѩʬ󣬿Եı飬ƲƲ죬ֿڶԾ˵
һŵǳĳŵɲʲô˶ܵõģ
ǳ
ţ
һѩ
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üͷ壬ǵĳϾǶٳǵĳ뿪»ɭֺ󣬾ҪضٳˣԼƺҲûʲô飬Ҫλǳæġ
У㡣
ѩתתƺ뵽ʲô΢΢̽ţһŰɫľ޵ͳھԵǰ
⣬ȷʵһž޵
һ׶ߣһ˶
ʲôԵԲ۾ʶʡ
ҲǺҴӽǳѨڴġǣǳϲռֵŵиֿԡпͨ޵ĵҲпܣĳǿ޵ĵˣˣԼŰɡѩֱ΢΢һ޵͵ǰ
ǽ˽ǳѨ
޽ǲڼң
޽ڳѨڣԾãλѩȻǲܻųġƢºͲ٣ҪĳѨ͵ĻҪӶǾͲޣǴˡ
ԣ˿Űɫľ޵Ҳ˳ֽ˹
һ޵ĳ޵ĵأҲǷǳġҪǣܽŵ޵Ļֵˡ
ԣϸĿ˿޵󣬽뵽Լָֽڡ
ˣԣҸˡ£ҪҰæ͵ǳҡѩ仰ӰһƮھԵע£Ӷȥ
ûķӡ
ѩȻǷǳǿĵ龳ߡ龳ߣԪʱڿзС
ҲΪΣ龳ǿٶȿԴﵽֲزԭ


129 ưܵϢ
龳֮µߣ۷徳磬۱ٶȣҲδȫʩչ֮ľԿ졣
һ̤龳һ̶ϵշУٶȿֲͲǾܹȵˡ
ѧԺ龳ǿҲһΣĿã龳ǿ֮Ľ֡ԣԲжϳλɱĶǰѩڵ龳УʵǼǿġ
龳Ҳ̤龳
ԣ΢΢һ
ಣ
߶֮ӰҲ˳ȥ
ʱٶⷵأٶȾͿöˡһʱ䶼ԾͳϿȡ
·һЩޣҲǣһ޾㷢־ԣҲ׷ϾԵķɳٶȣԾԾûʲôв
˵գԾѾ»ɭֳ\կڷΧ
Ҫ뿪Ƭˡ
ҲӦȥȫкȫڣžԣӪٵĲҵ
ţ
ô£
Խڷռ䣬լԺ֮ǰ
δ룬Ծ͸оЩԡ
Ǵ죬լԺԺţȴš
ңȻʲô̫ļǷںڷϣҲ˵ùȥˡģΪλԺţ
飡üš
ܿģ洫Ųű򿪣һھǰ
үԣ΢΢һ㶡
šԵ˵ͷҲʶ⻤˾ǵž޴һӭԼߣüͷ΢΢ţĿɨԺ֮ڣô£أ
ϴ뿪ڷڣ̶һҵʱ䣬ңôôı仯
һξʱȻǰѹɾȻܸоһƬٵļ󡣶һΣլԺȴ͸һ˥ܵζ
үȦ΢΢һ졣
үүˣ
үɵðүүǺˡ
Ժ󣬺ҪЩĻȫ˵ӡ
ںδԻӻִ϶Էüʡ
үŴžԣ뵽Ժ֮ڣһС
ȫڴ֮ϡ
үүˡŴϵȫһ
ţ
ȫĻֶնյ壬͵ĹһȦĿͿԣϵķ⼱
үȫžԡ
ȡȡȫ˷ܣɵһȻͿ
ˣڻûȫá
㲻ҪŰɣңʲô£ֹ̧֣סȫҪվ壬ʵ
լԺ󣬾ԵȻܸоóҵưܡڵЩʹӣ֮ǰࡣ
Ǹңȫ˵
ңüͷ΢΢
ңǺڷ򳤣ʮǰ򳤸ۡļӣ¡ȫ뵽ԼŮ֪ʱھ١ŮİģǰʱκκҪ£ȫڲ֪ʵ£ҪԷƴĻ
ΪʲôôԵϣҲһĨ⡣
Ϊκңȫ̾̾˵үկɱκκ飬κѾ֪ˡκҾʹŸ򳤸ңøҵ㣬ҪѺȥκҡ
Ծˡ
ʱɱκǸκܣҲԤϵκտܻ鵽ԼͷϡҲû뵽κô̵ʱھͲ
ڿκҪץסԼɱκ֡򳤸ңΪκҳ󣬸ʵǰ䡣ҪץԼԼңԾץ£Լͷ
򳤣Ӧڶǳʲôʱһ壬ϽˣĿк֣ͳ˵
κҵȻûȨңôΪȡκҵĻİˡȻҪĿģӦҪõǰ֮ǰյҵɣңۺ찡κܣӾʹˡүҵѾҵļӿˡȫЦһɫֳ
£÷ǳ
Ҫκڱ󣬸ҿ϶ǲ˶ȫġҪȻǰﱻ֮İʱΪζû˵һ仰
ںڷ˭֪һֱǰйᣬǰУõĺôǰﱻ𣬸ҿ϶ʧܴ󣬵ȴûг档
ţ֪ˣ˾ãҾԣ۸ءЦЦ
ǰģЩˡҪǵʱǰɱȫɱסһЩ˵̰ˡ
ԵУһĨҲ𽥵ɢиҵĻ쵰ץ£֪ĵĪΪһκңܱȫ


130 նɱ
е⣬ԽԽʢ
֮ģȼյŭ
ץ£ںڷĲҵ
Ǻǣң𣿾Ե˫һ˪Ĺ⻪
ֽиҵĺڷ򳤣Բ᲻֪Եݡɸ֪Եݣ£ǾûԷҲûнĶٳǾҷϡ
ڸҿѾǸˣܲڶٳǾұ֮£ԶȻҲڷ
㻹·𣿡зŵ⣬΢Ŀ⿴ȫʡ
ܡȫȻžԣ֪ôʣʲô⡣ǺܿĻӦ˵
ߣȥҸңҵҪмӣת˷䡣
ȫ΢΢һ㶣󣬸мĿžԵıӰ֪үҪҪŮˡ
򳤸ۡȻںڷϣԲ֪λá
ȫ·Ϳʡܶʱˡ
Ժȫˣ򳤸ۡȥȻܶ˿
Щߣڴȣᷢʲô顣
ǲǶٳǾҵľ𣿡
ǣôֳˣ֪κҺǺڷ򳤴ˣ
˵ӻʱ򣬾Ȼڷ򡣡
ٺ٣֪ԺӵŮºˣ˵±򳤴ץˣ⾰ܲԼŮˣ
£⾰ԣ尡ΪԼŮˣðջһú

Ըոڷʱȫ;ȥկ̸У˶Ϊ˲ܰȻĽȴǣǰﱻײΪʷ
һΣ߿׶༪ˡʵǿҲܿڷ򳤣ο滹жǴκҡ㾰ͬбҲڶٳǣֻ첻
ⲻ𣿡
򳤸ۡǰɫлš
еһˣȫ;˹ʱЦĿ⣬˾һۣûжͣȻûϳվȫ࣬ûߣһǰǰǸڷߡ
򳤿ڣȫɫʵ
һʱ䣬ҲøֶΣҪ̽ԼŮϢûܳɹԣȫҲ֪ԼŮ£û򳤸ۡڡ
򳤣򳤸ʲôл˵
˵ȣ򳤸֮ۡǰۼϽȥһϵ̬
Ҫ򳤡ȫ˿ߵľԣü¼л˵
Ҫ򳤣ܼ򳤣ģΪ˭лûȫ¡
ǹȥǼȫеһӣϾȫںڷҲһλڣ򳤴˰ҪȫЩںȫĸܣ
򳤴֪Ƕȫ̬Ⱥ󣬻Ƕ£Ư
ˣΪ򳤴˵ĸǻҪţ
뼰ˣҲǻȣֵø
ͨһ˵ȫҪ򳤴ˡȫҲŭš
£òͷ
ȫ֪ڵԼҪ򳤸ҵͷпҪԼŮ
ȫϽӹȻӸлͷˣϢǣ˵ʱ򣬾ͷ·Ҫȫ֡
һˣûٶ˵ֱӾͶ֣ȫһ
ǴȽȫ;Դһ˵

ȫľԣˣ⽣΢΢һһɫԵ
âڿռڴ󣬷
۾ʱԲֵĿ⿴ԡǣҲǸ߼ߣܸоǽâ̺֮Ŀܡ
ôõȫߵߣǸûߣȻ˿µʵ
⵽ףǺεǿʵ쾳ߣ
ˣ˭찡ѵǸԣһǰľԣ
ǣƺǽԵݣǣȻѾˡ
һ̣񾪿֣ſڣҪźҪġ
ǣǸɫĿ½⣬ڿռڷֱֳǵϴ͸
л壬ͬϵĺɫУһΪ
һĻȫҲסˣĿԡ
һ򳤸ңû¡ȻһҲ֪Եʵǣûд¡
򳤸ۡʲôˣǶǳĹԱǹٷﰡʲôˣܵٷȫһ㡣
ԣһʼȫûžΪ뷨ֻ룬þԵݣ򳤸һѹ佫ԼŮųԺô죬ֻһһ
ڣԣȴֱӶ֣ɵ򳤸ۡл⻤򳤸ۡӳԱǹٷˣɲЩ˽ļĻܱȵġ


131 
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군ˣһ£ǳ군ˡ
Ȳ˵ɱˣڹٷӵĻ˵Ϊ϶ǻὫ򳤸ҳ׵ġ
ʱȫ뷨ǣԵĴӵݣٿ򳤶ϻȻԼǸһֵĲҵܺ͸ҴЭöԷȽԼŮų˵
ڣȻģл̸ˡ
˼ҿŻɵˣô̸
䣡
ȫӷ£߰뷨ʱһ죬ǰľʱ
һȫһ𣬲һͷԵ
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ҵү㵽ʲôƽ򳤸ۡ
ԶЩΧ۵ߣʱҲȫǲı飬ǶЩ㲻ԵҪʲô
һ򳤴ֻ֪Ҫв򳤴ˣ¸ų
̫޴ˣ
Ϊ̫޴ˡ򳤸ңȻֻһ쾳ߣ򳤾򳤣ɲǰְܹ֯Ტ۵ġǾԸҶǶǳǱߣɳӣþԡ
ԣҲǶٳǴӵܣ֪ܲһ㣬֪ܲٷĿ¡
ۡ¥ݻ٣򳤸ۡһʱ䶼
һɫӻٵļֳַָ¥λÿٱ
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Ҹ뿪䣬ӭһ߾ӭȥ
Īܼң˺£ҿӭʵ
λĪܼң֮ǰկλܼңʱǴˣկ֮ӭӾԺȫġ
նɱǰҪԱʱĪܼҼÿ죬͵͵ǰˣʱҲû⣬벻һȻܵ򳤸ּۡĹܼˡ
򳤴ˣȫžˡǸۡ¥ҲݻˣղŵĶǾӸġĪܼɫЩţٺܿ˵
ۼԳֻɱǰλҵ龰ԾԵʵӡǳ̡
Ȼʱ򳤸ۡȻòǺܰȫ
Сӣֱ޷죡
ԣ
ڻˣСӵӵǺܴ󣬾ȻڷһΪ̤ǵһߣȥһЦ˵
֪һʱ»ɭ֣û뿪ǵ
򳤴ˣҪСһЩȻͲ󣬵ɱļءĪܼҼƺûԵв̲ס˵
Īܼң㲻Ҫġ
ǺǣǸԣֻҪû⣬Ͳʲôطڷ򳤸ۡҵڶǳбġǾʵǿҪǸҶҶ֣ǾǳжԡҾͲţӡ񣬲Ļӻ˵
ҵһĪܼҲ˲١
ʵҪ˵Ҳ֪һ㡣ֻǣԸһֱ֣Ӵݻ򳤸ۡ¥ʵЩò׼
ʲôˣ
󵨣ô򳤸ۡ־ܣ
ͣȻǿɾҪˣ
ɫӣԺȫˣֱӰΧУȡ
ǣҲ˱նɱж΢΢һСĵĿžԺȫ
ȫôĵӣȻҴˣ򳤸ۡζˣ
ʱ򣬸ҺĪܼңӺ󷽿첽˳ճ棬ɫȫȵ
ǸңԿⳤߣûȫ˵Ϳʵ
ǺˣӾԡ
֪ʲôݣʱǹһΡ
Ǿԣ˵㲻ǰȥңҪҡЦЦ˵
ԣǾԣ˵ûȷʵڼ㣬û뵽е򳤸ۡǴԹԱѺˡҴ˵
ϵظԼڣ򳤸ۡѾԲҪ
ʵҲľͻȻƺһ򳤸ۡӣסԵĻǺɺ˵һ˲ǰ˵оԵʵ¡
ǺǡҵĻЦ
ң㼩ңʲôɣЦʡ
ɣ΢΢һ㶣ɱκκȻʲôɡԣɥĲ޷졣Ȱ㻹еͷܻ
ҪĿľѺ;ȥǡĽԽκңȻһ͡ھܻȴǾԲܵģȻˣ䵽κǻҲûʲôϵ


132 
ϴܷ
ӣŸҡ쵰⣿ӽˮˣ
л·ڶң
ңô֪ɱκ˿תĿЦʵ
ҵȻ֪ţҸۡĪܼңĿãɱκκԣѵ㻹ҪɣóǴˣɱκҲһԼĿԡڣֻҪҵȥκң˵κҲǽģûôء
ңѭѭյĶԾ˵
ôСȻʵǿһǺܳ졣ֻҪԼͿԱѪеģ伩ýκҡ
ɹˣǿһͣ˵ܴκҵõôȫյĲҵȻҲȫᵽڷС
ʱȫһԣһ仰û˵֪˵ʲôˣþүԼȥӰɣ
ȫһԣӡ
ŶԵĿ⣬ԶĪܼҡ
ʼʱ򣬾Իûעˡ
ȻܺãĪܼңҲͲżһ棬ںܴҴҵ¡ղţĪܼҺ򳤸һͬʱ򣬾ԵĿ⣬ֶҪǰĸϣڣϳĪܼҡ
ĪܼңĿ΢΢һ䡣
Щˣ뵽ΪκܹôͲɱκˡ
ĪܼңŷǳؼṩϢô˵ǸңͨĪܼ˽⵽ϢȻκͨ籨š
ԣĶĪܼһۡ
ò˵ԵĲ²⣬Ƿǳӽˡ
ĪܼңۿԣɱκĶ԰ɣתĿĪܼҡ
ǡǡĪܼңԾԿ㣬ҵѯʺЩȻĵͷ˵
ܾãԼھǰ֣ʲô¡Ȼ򳤸ۡûаȫС
ԣ㿴Īܼǿ֤ġԣ϶޷ӱεġˣӦΪԼΪеΡתĿ΢ЦԾԵ
𣿡ҲЦ
ৣ
һɫ⣬Ȼϯ
âڿռڣиȥ˲ӵĪܼҵǰ

ĪܼһҽУ۾ֵĿźɫ⣬һ̣âǴ͸塣ĪܼҵĽȻֹ
ĪܼңҲһͨĸ߼ߣȻסԵĽ
Ժ׳նɱĪܼңһ㣬˭޷뵽ܣžޱȵĿžԡ
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㡭㡭ңָžԣʵǲ֪˵ʲôˡ
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ңκ㼩ңͼң
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ȻӾϣоɱ⣬ȻãԲԼɱֻ֡ҪŻַͨʽйеı֮
ңŬԼƽֵһЩ
ңأԣŸҡ
ӽ˵Щϻ֪ںδǲ򳤸֮ۡڡ
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µģָġ
ղŻˣﻹơʵϣҲûнԵĳ֣뵽һȥֱ£Ȼ
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ãĺȻһȣң죬Ҿ̣
һֱѹƵŭȫ˳


133 ɱ
䣡
ӿԪ˲򳤸ۡ
㡭򳤸֣ۡɫ䡣
ңһֱԳݣþԲҶ֣֡Լ뷨ˣԾһӡ
˵ҲǷϻΪһֱĪܼңѾԸնɱˡˣ˵Ը򳤸֣ۡǲǷϻ
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ҪһˡգΪʲôң㻹ǣΪȫŮˣµȫͬҲˣļ壬ǶٳǾңҲҪꡣȻļڶٳǣܲǣǹܲȴܹܵģңͼȰ˵Էϣִܡ
ɶ񣡡
ԼϣŪС֣򳤸ۡ£ȫҲĿУڱһ⣬Ŀھɨֿһֱû˵ȫ
ңǱȽĶԸԵģ֮ǰ˵ô࣬ĿľҪѪе¾ԣŵľԽκңԽ͹ԳڣԶ֣ҲֻɱˣȻõĽֻҪԵʬ彻κңҲǿԽܵĽ
䣡
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ЩлǸ߼ݣоߣа˸֮ࡣЩˣֶǿļУھߣʱڸɵЩл
ԣԼߣԭһһʱģԼ͹ֲˡڼлĺ󷽣˫ĿŹ⣬Ц˵
ңΪ쾳ߡ
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ӶʮˣҲǾľ硣Сʮ꣬죿ǲܣ
Ȼ˵СկɱԽǼҲֻ˵Сʵǿܿǰ벽ΪҪ˵죬ǾԲܡ
ֻҪ쾳ߣԼ򳤸ۡǶֻ·һǰ벽죬Ҳ
ģϹ
ԿʮлԼǷһĨЦ⣬Ŀ˵
ڸЩлһᡣ
ǣ˵ĻûκãЩɫлȫĳûκκ˵˼

е⽣һâȻǿµĺɫ⣬ڿռѸâżлֶȥ

һ⣬׾ٵľʹ͸л壬죬죬쾳ļлûһˣܵסͷųĽ⡣
ھǰǶһ
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ȻûбâնɱǴʱǵɫȴޱȵĲ԰ףֵĿ⿴žԡ
ǵͬ飬һͬ飬ǵǰЩͬ飬ǰһ̣ǻнеĽ̸һ̣Ǿͱһߴ¶ȵʬ塣
ǣΪӦϿ죬ûгǰ棬һҲڸղǿֲһ֮¡
е⽣΢΢һĿ⣬ٴת򳤸ҡ
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ǣ֮ǰģֻǰ벽Ϊ
Ϊǰ벽쾳硣֪벽쾳ߣôֲʵңҲԸղͷųԪȫ쾳ߣŻеȫ
ôܣ
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𡭡ɱңҰ
ۣڶµĸԴϣǶһѪ
󣬸ҵĵ



134 
ڷ򳤸ۡһʱ䣬֮С
Ȼʱǰ죬ģǸۡǰԺľȴ˲
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͸һֱǰη壡

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ڽһɱľȴڲ֪֮зɱ䡣ֱ仯ǾԼʼϲ
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һ˵ĻǲֱնɱңҸ˵ʵȻʲôϾŹٸݣܶǳίɣڷƹܺڷĹԱһˣһǣԾɱңҲĶ֡
ǣȴˡ
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ʾԣһӦԡǣһı۾վƺڤ룬ֲҳš
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һǾͷ֣򳤸ҵʬ壬Ժ֮С
ŵľߣʱϢȺʱ
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⾰ԣǷˣɱ򳤣ӵȥصٳǣδذȫɣ
ǰԱˣȫҲ·һңᱻ塣Һ͹ٸа壬ǵ찡

ߣ֮УҲǷۡû˾ãԺȫɱ򳤺ӹһ١ǣӵȥһᱻٸ˼ù鰸
ԹҺ͹ٸԿˣһ⣬ȫûк³



135 
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үǡڣǲҪ·ǡǸȥأǲȥٳǰȫлҡ
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ڼ㻹ţκңҲһù¶κҴһ죬ΣվͶһ֡ԣ뾡ϵκң´κоȳ
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ȫ㶵ĿžʧԼ֮ڣǳһ̾Ϣ
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κңˣվڳ⣬΢΢㣬̧ţ뵽֮ڡ
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κң߿˾һۣüͷģκʲôλã֪
ȷʵģһǡԵͷ˵
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κ峤еԲ˵̫࣬ʱѯ˼⣬Ի˵
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ˣκ峤ɲʲô˶ܼġ㵹ãκ⼸գھмȣκ峤ڶ߲Ӧöκҵ䳡֮ϡҪκ峤ǺûᡣߣǾþ̫ˣ֮УһЩζ
κȻǶǵһҲǿĶ
κ峤ݣȷʵҲһܼġ
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ˣôһӾͲˣ
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ʱһ˺ߴԱߵĵ˳Խһ
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ԣȴǳĬþ˵λôܣ


136 ɱκ
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κլԺڣַǷΪ⼸죬κҵļȣһֱڳĽš
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ַͨʽԺܺõѡӢӵܣǳΪδĶͿԺܺõȥ
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137 ҾǾ
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ǲҽҾʹ
仰һ˵ЩκӵܣҲǸŭӾԡСӣֱûκҷﰡ
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óϣȻΪƥκҳϣʲôʱ򣬱ˣڱҲǣڵô˵汻ŭʲôطţ
ԣǲǾãǶٳǾӵܣκңͲɱ㣿ǲǾãоҳͿԺ޼ɣκúӣɫޱȵ
쾰ԵͻȻ֣ʵκң澡ʧΪκҵ峤ɨء
ԶٳǾңκúӵȻҲ֪ǺͶٳڵĳУٳǵļһ壬ȻڶûʲôӰܴ
ңǶٳļ塣
ᣬʵھһҲǷǳܵӵļԱڣô˿žԣҲ֪˾Եݣ򵥵ĽԻɱض𾰼ҵķŭ
Ȼ˵ٳǵľңܶԶǵκֱӵвǣʢŭ֮£κһЩ鷳ǻǿġ
ǺǣҽκңԼ飬ҵļ壬ûκιϵЦ˵
Ҫ棬ԾͲԼκˡ
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κ־ϣǺôһʮߣû˵Ҫնɱ
ʱ򣬸̨ϣһ
˵ģλŮϡλϣлжʼɵʱôĿͻȻðľԣ򵥵նɱ
λҳϵĻκúӵˣüͷһ塣
λκҳκ־иǶݺݵŭҳϡǣûʲô̫õ˵ǷκҳϣվŵģֻһʮߣȻ˵ԷκңҴڶκһǾֱӳնɱȥ治
ߣϣɱκܣѵҳֽնɱдκ־Ӹ̨ԾµҳϢ˵


138 
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ֻǲ֪ôҪӵܣΪμһǡ
ⳡ֣пͷ
Щǣĵطפ㡣
ҳ֮⣬ˣûп˵
κ־ϣɲܼ˵룬㲻黹û˵֮ǰͶһʮ궼˶ְɣκ־ϰͣѾпһ˰ɣǺǣ㣬ӦǱСӣҪܶأ˵
֮⣬˵κ־ҪԴСһӽˣһʮ˶֣ƤǺ񰡣
Ļκ־Ҳޱȵջ𣬵ֲ̫÷
κ峤κúӣͬɫҲֻܳĬԣʱ䣬Ҳ̫һ㡣ЩڳĻκңȫʱڽɱȻʬ𼣣Ϣ
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ԭŮˣҲκκйءôŮˣҲǸκ־Ŀһݺݵɨԡ
Ǳ޳ܵļ尡׵Ķ˵ɺڵģڵҲ˵ɰ׵ġԴЦκ󱲣Ҿǣκʲôʵ
߼ߣΪǲϰɣôһͼߣôκйϵģǵ˼ѵ˵һͼߣɱһĸ߼ߣκң˶ɵ𣿡Ϣӿʵ


139 ŭ
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ԵĿ⣬Ҳɱ֡
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κңãðԣϢ
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е⽣Ļܿռڡ
һȺһŮӣ˵֡ǣϡһǺǣһŮӵѰʮǵģǺôԵĻκҵ䳡Ͽգصţš
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ĶǸĸ߲ҲɫĿ⿴κúӵˡ
κúӵˣҲüǣҲģû뵽ڵڻѰʮǲӦ÷顣

ÿСӰǴԲѣѪϴκңǣôĿʱһɫߣԱžԵ
ˣκһɫӵܣκ䡣벽ΪκҴȻûнѾ϶Ϊһ



140 һ
棬òʣ촽
Ŀ⣬Ե
κ䣬ʮ꣬벽쾳ߣκҵһκ֮ӣκңѡ˵ڣκ䶼ǽȼһӵܣκҲûжѷɫ
Сκңһ治֪ȥ㡣ȻԼ죬СڣΪһŮ޲ɼκžԣɱڡ
Ůˣκ䣬֣һָڲԶϵ¡
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ԣĿ⣬ɨκ䡣
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Ҳ֪ͬ˾ǰκˣ϶ǲ̫׷ˡҪ뿪κ˿϶ἤҷԡ
лǰҾԣǷǰһ顣գлض𣡡ٴ񣬳ص˵
⣬ҲһŵǷһ顣
޷ЦЦ
ǣԽԽϲоԵߡˣ壬ΪԼŮˣ͸һɱκңһĴη
ˣǣҵ֪
ֻǣϧӵƷʵˣȴǣˡҲޱȵϧ
ԶĶǴͬ˼ģҲԲһˣǷһε̾Ϣ
ھ˵ģǷһ顣
ûзϡ˽գϣûоˡ飬ȻҲ޷õر
ѵȥҾҪʲôȻʵ
Ե˵Ƿû⣬ֻˡ
æտº󣬾ԵĿ⣬ֻصκϡ
СڣɣԣκŭȵκҳԱһʹ㿪ʼ
ЦƾҲɱңκɫһЦ
峤ҳ֣ɱ˷֪κӵܣܹӵģκ䣬ûǣκ峤ս
ţκúӣȴЩǡ
ΪԱֳʵǷͬһġκ䣬ҲδܹնɱоԵСӰɣ
κ䣬նɱӣǵĲңҲЩ߲ﶯ֣һԴСĶ
峤Ҷκ䣬սκҵһκҲ˵
ȻԼĶӣʮģ


141 צ
κĿУݵɨԡ
κսնɱȻһͽǸϡ
նɱٳǵӵܣĶκ䣬Ҳˣǡ
ԣκս֮κ峤κúԵԥ֮ʱκ˳
Ŷκúӣκĸ׶Ҫӳ֣ͷʱתκԼĶӣǳİ
ãκ䣬ȥɣκúӣͷͬˡ
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ৣ
Ȼһԡ
Сӣڣˣסˣɱˣүүңκ䣡κ񣬼ȵ
һ˵Σ̶ܴϣܴ۾￴ûκΪǰҲܸоóκԵĶ
Уɱǰȥ
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ʱκҴκ־ڵһκߣѯʡ
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ʱڶκӵܣҲܣעκ;ˡ
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κӵܣ֪κˣھ֮ǰҲֻκҵһЩ߲֪¡
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צ
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צһƷѧƷѧ֮Уǿҷǳһѧ
ʱκѧʩչȻﵽˣһֺܾĵزԲ
ԣЩĸ߲￴΢΢ȻЩԾ
κҸ߲һޱȵܣ峤κúӣ϶ʱ¶Цݳ
֮ǰϣκȷʵûʹùƷѧκ䣬ģԼǿơԾԣκӦҪٽսһ֣ǿĹ벽ΪֿµƷѧʵľԣһлɱǿܵġ
κúӣ˿κ
ѹ֣κԼĶӣôġ
һץ쾳ߣ̺ܰ
κ䣬ȫȻԾĺɫצѸޱȵģžԣͷȥ
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ˣ⽣һ
һɫΣֶâѸնɱ
ҶԣδʩչʲôǿĽǣʩչҶ
ΪԾãʩչǿѧնɱκ䣬Ƕ˹ͬʱҲǶԸѧһ衣
Ҷ㹻ˣ
ӰƮâ¶
ǲ֪ȻʩչƷѧҶκһЦ
ԵѧȻסڳߵ۾


142 ɱκ
ҶƷѧҲǺܳѧ
ڶٳǵľңǵκңҶߣ١
ԣԵҶʩչ󣬶ʱһƬЦ
ǺǣһΪʵ˵ãܸκӵκһЩ鷳û뵽κ峤κúӣҡͷЦ
֪ԼɣʵǾˣӦѧŶԡκҴκ־Ҳ񣬼Ц˵
ˣ̾ҡͷ
ȻЩеϧȴҲ޿κΡǿҪԣҲοֻҳϣûȨļκҳ׷
䳡ϣκӵܣЦһƬ
뾰ԣڽֵκ䣬ЦǸ߿ˣԭΪҪһ㹦ܻɱ㣬û뵽ȴ
κ˵ţͻȻɫ䡣
ԭЦϣǣ¶˾ֵɫ
Ľצ۵ĺɫצӡǵأ̺µܣۿžҪԵӰɡ
ԵѧҶֵһɫâȥôС΢ǣǺɫâɫצӰ֮ȴûԤϵɢ
צӰ뽣âȻײɫΣɢ
꣡
ȥޱȿµĺɫצӰһֽһ㣬׵˺ѿ̺ܣҲйƤһ㣬ܵĿռɢ
Ǻɫâ˺ѺɫצӰ֮ȴǣûκεĲȼ󡣽⣬ʵһ㣬ϮڼԵκ䡣

κһŭ
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ĸκҵһκҲ΢΢һ㶣ô£ô£
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ԣԵĽ̴κ壬ȴûֱӶҪһԪ뵽֮СԪǷǳĶ࣬ȴ쳣İԵϵĴݻκȫ
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ЩκҵĴôܶԴ޶ԣ
κĸκ˫Ŀ죬ԪžԳ˹
ˣҲ
Ŀһתع󣬱ǴЦκ峤Ϊ˶ԸһʮߣκǿߣҪΧɱ˰
Цŭ֮еκúӵˣ嶼΢΢һͣ͡
ǣڣŲڳġ
һȺκǿߣҪȫֽ֣նɱϢȥκһκεƤ
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Ůˣκúӣĺ룬һƽǣȴôȻޱȵŭҲ룬ŭʱѹ
С䣬С䣬ô
κѾκߣޱȵĽκѯʵ
ɱңɱңκıޱȵѾҪʧȥʶڣֻſȥܸоУڲϵıһĽ飬һϵı⿪
κ۾ڣݺᡣ
ĶӣĶӰ
ȻҲκʱܵʹࡣǣôܣɱԼĶӣ²ȥ֡
κæκ´ҩǣԼҲЩҩ𵽹ؼãֹԼӣǰȥ


143 κҵڶ
СȻҿɱҶӣ㣡ôĵӣֱ޷죡ڻеĶκϢȫʧκվɫޱȵתĿԡ
Цˣκӡ
Ц
СЦʲôκ뷢ţŭɶ
ЦҺôӣ޷죿Լ˵˵ĻǲǺܿЦѵҲɱӣκңܷҾһ·ܰɣԣ˵ļֱǷϻ΢΢ҡͷݾȻκܣǡΪ̸еǰκܣҲ⣡
κɫʱס
ǣˡ֮ǰ˵Ļȫʢŭ֮ѿڶģûǡԾԵļЦԶԣ
ǰ㾰ûɱӣκңҲܷŹԡ
СǱ޳ܡ֮ȴһֱװǺΪƭҶսҽգһҪʬΣκڶݵĳĬŭȵ
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ԣҲκͰɣ
ԿܻûκʹСС֮ͣôܰ
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ԭ쾳磬ѹ֣κ䲻֡Сӣصû峤ƭˡκˣ˵
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ΪκȻǮҵĸ壬ƽʱκ峤ҲᱻŵȥһΣ峤ȴǣֱκúǮҵ峤Ժ
ܿģκ峤κúӣͱ˹
óκúӣҲ⡣⻹һǮҵ峤Ժ֮ڡ
Ǯô೤϶ۼκúлȻǮӦ֪Ǯ㳤ϣκˡ
峤λǮҳϡκúӣ˹֣˵
ߣκúӣ㻹еǮңǮҳǮ㣬أңأһλϣֱӾͶκúӺǳ⡣
κúȻκ峤䣬ǮЩǰ治
Ǯҳǳ⣬κúӣδʲôˣǮ峤ǮҳϣûʲôˣҲͲҪԼ𡣿ңǮҳǮ㣬ȷʵκլԺڣﱻǳ⼸Ҳʲô
峤λǮҳϣ
Ǯ㳤ϵκңŲжΡ˵κҵӦǴҪġΪǮ㳤ǱѩɱκҸûκúӣͳ˵˵ǡ
ѩΪ˱ǸٳľԡԣɱκߣܣϵˡӣʬΡѩȴΪС֣ɱǮ㳤ϡκúӼ˵
峤λǮҳϣΪκǰѩǵ龳ǿߣǶǳκң޿κΡκúӣһıݣĿ֣鲢ï
κ峤Ҫ˵ˡǮޣȴޱģڰ֡
峤һҪΪκκú
峤¾Բܾôˡ
ԣǰѩһǸԣҲ
˵һ㶼ûȻǮһʲô棿ʲôţڳϣߡ
ǮޣĿ΢΢һɨڵÿһˡ
ǣ죡ǮޣͻȻϢһȵ
ţ
ʲô
Ǯλϣκúӣ΢΢һ㶣㵵Ŀ峤Ǯޡ
ʲô
ǵ峤Ǯޣʲô˼
ðɣ͸°ɣס뿪󣬲Ҫȥ˵Σκʱ򣬶Ҫȥѩԣκʱ򣬶ܶκεһ˿һ
κúӣ㣬ѩǲǵִκңͶɱǮ㳤ϣǮޣȻκúӡ
⡭κúɫһ
ѩκңȷʵֱӶֻɱǮġһ㣬ܶ˶ˣ˵ٻûáѩɱǮ㣬ΪǮγԶײѩ
ûаɣ
ҾûۿҲܲµһǰѩҪǸԣǮ㳤ȴӡκúӣԲԣǮޣޱȵĳء
ģǡκúӲ֪Ҳ벻Ǯ峤ǮޣΪλ̬ȡԼоǮƺΪǮ㱨ӡ
ûʲôǵģκúӣκ˰ɣȰ㣬ҪκαĻ룬κҾȡҲﲻ㡣Ǯ޻˻֡
峤㵽ôˣһλϣ̲סüǮޡ
µĴʽҲ̫Ǯ޵һˡڶǣ˭֪Ǯ峤ǿƣ˭֪˭ܵǮң
ôˣǣѩǮǵģǮޣϢһһٵĵ


155 ȫ
Ǯ仰˵Ŀ⣬
ѩǶǳƿضǲ٣ǮңҲӰɣ
ѩмǣϢԲ⴫ȥѩǿŮǮޣڻ˵˳
Ϣڣûж֪
Ǯ֮Ի֪ϢҲżȻ
ѩոǵγʱҲʮǰʱ򣬶ǵһǮңѩ³ǮҸ硣ǣѩͲǮӣֱӾܾˡ
ѩľܾǮ޷ǳŭ
Ҫ֪ǮޱҲǵ龳ǿߣǮǵһ峤ĸȻö˵ѩɰѩȴһӶɶûоֱӾܾȻûӡ
ԣҰѩ鷳Ҳ³çˣȥǣҵǮϵһ壬ͼֹͨϵѹưѩ㲻ǺܸҾԵǮȥǸ
һȥ׼Ұѩ鷳Ǯޣȴ˻ʱǮҺܶ೤ϣƣѯ峤鵽ôˣǮûκλӦֻ˵ˣҽǮκˣκʱ򶼲ܶ԰ѩκεĲ
ʱ䣬һξ͹ȥʮꡣ
ǮˣҲȷʵûȥҰѩ鷳ѩҲûǮκξٶ
ֱգѩ֣һɱǮҶǮ㡣òһǮңףŭ졣
ǮڳϣΪκúӣǮ޿˵Ϣȫ𾪵Ըӡ
Ů
ʲôǿǣƿǿ
ж
ǡٳĳУڣٸ֮ࡣһٳǵ򣬾һǿ߱һ²ܴԪ½Ҳ;ʮŸĿǵ
˵һǵĿǷԪ½Ĵ
ŮһССеļܹΥģ
峤ɣѩհסǣܵ𣿡һλǮҳϣüͷ΢壬ѹ˵
ܣܶ˶֪ġ
ߣΪһ㣬ϢֻǱ֪ˣǲҪˣ֪̫ಢǺ¡¾˰ɡκúӣҲȥɡǮޣٴεİ˰֣κú˵
ǣǣκúӦ
ľȻתʶ߳䡣
κúӣ֪ˡ
ѩܵģǮҳϱɱǮҶֻűˣκҸѩȥײǸԣκҲﲻˡ
ڣֻܿص壬ӦԽܷ顣κҵĲҵ϶޷ȫסˣܱסһ㲻ˡ
һȥˡ
ȥˡ
һڹȥˡ
¹ȥˡ
ǣߣڵǮҶԳķǮȴûκεĶͺǰκլԺڵǮǮûκιϵһ
⵽ô£
ѵǮҲ׷ˣǣǮҵķȫһ
ҲˣͼǮҴ̽Ϣдĸ߲ǰǮ̽Ϣȴ޹Ǯ˶Դ˻ĪǮҵͨԱտڲ̸£ͺܵǮҸ߲ĸ롣

һգڡ
£ڷʿѩǰľԺ£ڶʡ
ǵģ΢΢ͷ
ƣȫˡشЧǷǳġ
ʱҲĺܣû뵽ԼȻԼλǵĳˡ
ţѩĻԾɺ٣΢΢ͷֵء
˵ʱ˿ԡ
䶯һ£֪˵ʲô
ԣȴĲڣѩе˼ڣҲãҲá
ˣȥɣУҲֻת
ˣǻغڷ򡣡ѩ˵
գ£棬ǽһԺɫл
Կ˿ЩлȻ֣Ϊ׵һˣȻ쾳硣
ļлܶ࣬쾳ģȴ١
ǣ;Ժȥڷ򡣻УҲȥ¸ȫΪڷ򳤡ѩ쾳Ļ˵
ǣлӦ
򳤣Ժ£΢΢һ
֮ǰѩûиǣµĸ׽Ǻڷ򳤡ȻѾ֪Խ֮ǰĺڷ򳤸ҸŪˡڵĺڷ򳤣ǿȱġ
󣬾Ե
ȫκڷ򳤣Ǻһţȫڽӵ֮ǱһܾʡڵȫӦûĵĵǰɣĲ֪ǵĳʲôʱ򣬾ɳˡ



156 ڷĻ쵰
⡣

ӣжҵļлÿˣһѪĺɫս
սֵҲΪģٶȺԶͨʹõƥδ̤쾳˵սõԶ;ߡ
ӵ룬һ¾֮ڡ
ԣҲһƥɫսڳ֮⡣
ǿԼǰˣִڷǲ⣬·ֻҪʮҵʱ䡣У쾳Ҷߣ˵
Ҷº;ȥڷߡ
һڷ֮󣬶ʱͲҪضǳˣǳΪڷ򳤸ۡĻ򳤵İȫ
ѩԺڷ򳤣Ŵģɳҵļǰȥһɳһ쾳ߡ
һ¡üҶ
ͣҶֱ̧ۣһȡ
ӣ˲ֹͣûκεϢ
£ԶԳ
ү£ĴڲĿžԡ
£ҾͲһȥڷˣҪضٳǡҶӳһ·㣬ӦòΣաԶ˵
ԭûгѩİţǾԿ϶һ˻غڷжлͣȷʵûбҪһͬȥڷˡ
һ뿪ٳǣҲв̵ʱ䣬ҲѾ̤֮ʱȥˡ
ôʱ䣬ţ壬Ҳ϶ᵣľԵİȫĳϾӢˣ϶ĵġ
ңڶǳҲõϢѧԺҪʼѧԱ
ѧԺ֮һѧԺԶѧԺ˽Ķ֪࣬ѧԺܹõԴܶ˵
ҪʵǽҪ̤龳ѧԺһѵĽݾ
ΪүүǾԣͱ뾡ܵĿԼʵڵľԣȻһԱǣЩ쵰Եүү춼ܰɱ϶Ҳ׷Źԡ
ԣһλصٳǣҲҪ֣μѧԺѡΡ
ү㲻һ𣿡ɫ˱䣬ΪԻһȥڷġ
ʵû̫ķǷ֮룬ֻǵģҪ;Զദһʱ䡣֪үעǷˣԼ䲻Ͼү
ţȽлᣬһȥ㡣ЦЦ˵
Ҷӳ鷳·ϣչˡֶҶ
ģֻҪڣСܵ˿˺Ҷ˵ԺµĶԻ֪Բͬ·ˣӦûֿ
лԶҶЦŹ˹֣ҶҲ
ҶǺ𾴾Եġ
ȥܾ˵һϵ˵ԵĸʵҲֵءκҴκ־ܻɱĴڣһʮꡣ󣬽ľԻô£Ϊǿ߶кܴԡ
£أ£ԣһ֣ӰǿӶ
֮ǰսԶûдߡ
ΪսٶȣȲȵٶȣս׸
뿪󣬼ӣǰУҲ𽥼١
£ž뿪ķ򣬾þûգ۾
ڷ
լԺ֮ڡ

һٵĺȫĶڡ
һʱ䣬ȫ˵ֱǶ֪꣬ȴĵʲô
ʱ˿̵ȫһ֮ǰԵòࡣ߳䣬Ŀ⿴ܹĻĿѪɫɼ
ֳˣʯڱ˻ص·ϣֱˡǻĶȫ˵
Ⱥ쵰ȫҧгݣȫ΢΢
⣬µĴαʯˡ
Դԭ򳤸ңүɱүִӺڷǰǺҾҡҡ׹ˡȻȫȻڽ߾ȫĿƣάָҵתԲɱĳһЩ˶ҵĲҵӶᡣ
ȫҲ֪ЩӶᡣǣûиõİ취Ҳûжȥ
֪ˣڹ
һǱ˽ȫûնɱôҵĲҵڵһʱͱϷֵЩǣԲκεֶΡ
ȫҲ͸ֻҵĲҵҲˣѾûʲôҰˡǣЩҵУвٶǾүġһ̣ҪľάЩҵת
˰ɡȫ˰֣̾һ˵
ѵǾͲ𣿡Ҳһķŭ룬ǻ쵰ǰͼϵôãȴͷ
Ҳҧгݡ
˵룬ҲǺڷϣһСļǰȫϵϺܡȫ鷳ȴͷȥҵĲҵԴ


157 
۲ҵĲҵҲˣ룬ȷʵȫġ
֮ںڷ㣬ΪȫİȫˣϲѣǱȽĳˣҪȻҲܽʶðնӸչһˡ
˵ȫжġ
ǰһʱ䣬ȫǰҲ룬ȴܾȫ֮ȫҲͱȽˡ
ڣǴͷҲҵӶᡣ
塢壬˵ľˡ
̺ŭĻȫһ̾磬ȱǰȻǺ޲Ū룬ڵ״Ҳ
ţ
ʱͻȻլԺ֮⣬һƬ
լԺǺܴԽֵʲôլԺڶ
ڼ𣿡
һŮ
ţȫͿҵļһɫȹŮӿ˽
ŮӣȫȻʶڷĳסߣûвʶ˵ġ
ǺڹѸ
ڹѸʲôȫһӭȥ
ڹѸҲһ߼ߣʵںڷҲʮʱˣһӰ߶ϤԣȫƽʱȻύߣҲȽϿĸӡ
㣿ȫϼЦݣԶԶľ͹֡
ڹѸȫܱͣȺڹѸһ㣬ǿĳƺΪ㡣
ںڷߣֻ֪źڹѸȴǲ֪ıȫ֪ı
ûʱˣϽ׼׼롢Ѿ˹ˡڹѸЩʾȫҪˡ
ʲôȫԣʱһ
ϽỤϾ͵ˡֽ˵һ顣
ȫʱ΢΢һɫҲ䡣
Ȼ֪ڹѸ˵Ļʲô˼˹϶ʲô¡
һ̼ᣡȫ͸ȵ
㣬лˣȫֶԺڹѸ
ԺڹѸȫимʵڹѸཻ̫飬ڹѸȴǰţݶǷˣֻǲ֪ûлᱨ
լԺڵĻ࣬ڽǰĲҵ֮ǰլԺڵĻʮҡڣֻʮլԺ֮ڡ
ЩģΪȫƽʱǺܺãҲȽҳϣΣ֮ʣǶѡ
ʮܿȫ

ʱһ̶Ц洫
飡
ţլԺ͵Ժ֮ڡ
һӰ첽˽
ֽ֮۵ߣȫˡ
֮ǴĻˮһӿ뵽լԺ֮ڣнӽϰ֮ࡣ
Χһӡ
Χ׼κ˳롣
ԣû̸֮ǰ˭ߣٺ٣
ɫͬ۵ߣҲ׷׶ȫڡˣҲǺڷϣͷһЩԡ
룬Ǽ˼ȫɫ߹ڵͳʵ
ȫǾ˲˵ɣҺλǸһᣬеĲҵĿɨȫЦ˵
ȫ÷Ŵ㣬Ƕ֡˵ˣҲҵլӣҲСɫ۵Σ۾˵
ʵҲ޴ɱ򳤴ˣΪںڷ㣬뿪ڷˣǴںڷǵ𣿡һ˳Ц˵
ǽҪҵĲҵϷֵġ֮ǰĸˣԽõЩҵĲҵ
ȫ΢΢һһһɨˡ
ҵĲҵȥҿóǣЩҵУھүģѵᾰүĲҵȫеıߣ˵
ʲôƨүȫٴˡλүɱκˣɱ򳤸ҴˣѾˡȫ㻹ãһŻǣ۾һȼ
ˣ֮ԵڲŶ֣ȻҲΪйǡǣҲľûԵʵǼʶˡǣⶼһ¶ʱȥˣԶû֣ǲʲô
֮ǰҲӶҵԴĿģҪ̽һȫǲĻǶٳǴĹϵڿȫƨҷţıҲǸԶѡôûѾǱˣǻʲô
룬ǲ̫һ㣿ڹѸʱҲ˵
ڹѸӱ죬û¶ߣҪԸȫһҲԳȫǡԺڹѸ


158 ӵִ
㣬˰ɣȫԺڹѸҡҡͷ
תĿ˿Լߵʮ廤ֿ˿潫ԼʮΧסϰɱڵߣһε
ȫʱ俼ҪôԹԽҲҵϣҪôǾɱˣȻҲҵ
·Լѡ
ֻʱ䣬ڻʣʱ䣬ǿû̫ģ
룬ɫݵȵ
ʵϣȫ·ȫֻҪҲҵĻһ·ǣȴûķŹȫĴ㡣һȫ뿪ڷˣ̾ͻὫɱڿҰϡ
ʱ򣬾û֤ݣ֤ȫйˣȫҲȥκεطԮ״
˼ĺܡ
룬ôǿʲôֱ𣿺Ǻǣǰﶼ磬ǰҲûɱɣѵǾͲ¶ǳ֪׷ǵ𣿡ȫ˿Ц˵
ˡ
Ҳ֪˵ٶ࣬Ҳܸı˵⡣
ҵĲҵزסˣ˵Ҳ޼¡

ȫǿЦǻ׷ΣЦȫһٳǵߣɱڷ򳤴ˣֱ񼫡ﲻ⡣ǣֻǳ壬ȫ𣬳֪ˣάǣЦ˵
Ȼ˽ڡ
ˣҲЦŸͣĿ˸
լԺ֮⣬ֵϡ
գգգ
ɫУɫսԶǳӣ𽥵ĽӽլԺ
ϣߣһĻס
Щߣ֪˴Ŵ߽լԺҪҵĲҵ
ڣǳӣҲʱִˡ
ңƺڽˡ
Ӧǳӣ
һǵõϢ֪ڷ򳤵ȫйɳӣȫˡ
ţȫҲǡЩ򳤵ûʲôϵɣ
ǿ쿴һ֪ʲôѵǺڷµ𣿡
ѹ͵Ⱥ֮ӡ
쾳ҶӵĶӳźɫսڶǰѾִլԺǰĿ΢΢ɨӣüͷһ¡
ѾլԺڽŵƺȫˣ鷳ӡ
Ҷһȡ

лĴս֮£˼ײûκ
֧ӣȻѵصľ顣
һӱӸҽ룡ҶֱһӣլԺ롣
ϰɫлҶ󣬿ٵӿ˽ȥһˣ³
ʱլԺڵˣȻҲǻɻʱ򣬾ͿһӺɫлӿ˽ǵĿʱһ
λ˺ã룡ϣϾ͸ֳЦݣӭȥߵҶǰԼ˵
϶Цݣĵףȴŭġ
Ԥϵӳû뵽Էô硣֮ԱȽżͬڷҪҲҵϷֵĿľǸڶǳɳļӵִ֮ǰҵĲҵԼġ
ǣٶȱϻҪһЩڵҪϷҲҵͱȽˡӵĵȻҪû߾͵ȫҲһˡôҵĲҵͻ򳤵У˾ûʲôϵˡ
ŭȴôЦݣɲλµ򳤴ˡ
λˣεˣҲҶǰЦݹ
ʱȫɫҰ
֪Լڣǵˡ
үһֱûϢѾκ˰ɣүǿϧˡ
үҵȰȻصٳǾĳϰæ취µġ
ȫУźš
ûпԳ֣ȴ˳ļӣҽҪٵĽɻԵġ
ȫδǰԼӶӳ
Ҷһˣ߲ж
㣬Ͻ߰ɣûйϵȫԺڹѸ˵ǵģڹѸҲܵǣ
ڹѸʱҲ֪˵ʲô
Ҳû뿪żˣҲɱ˵ģˣںڷҲһЩ򳤲ֱӲɱ
뿪լԺҲûʲô⡣
ˣҶüһˣʵ
ȻܴŵĿ⼸һ˳ɶˣ鷳ģǹʵģҲΪȷϡ
λˣǲˡٺ٣ҼȫЭͬٳһоԵߣɱڷԭ򳤸ҴˣҵȣΪڷĳԱҪܵȫסҵȿסȫǵ򳤴˵СȻĵĿڲţǲ



159 Ʒת
΢΢ͷֹﷸȫߣӦҲǹˣ򳤴ˣôҲøһɣ
ֻǲ֪򳤴ƢΣǺ˵Ҳ̸һ̸Ҳҵ⡣Ȼͷһ򳤵ģ򳤳⣬Ҳø˺ɣ
ºֿ˿լԺԺŷ򣬵ĿǰΪֹ򳤴ƺû¶ӡλ򳤴ˣƺЩ󰡣
ĻȫֻЦûߵ˼˵ĻʵǣҲýʲôˣܽʱȷʵ򳤸֮ۡڡɱ򳤵ľүҲȷʵ졣
˰ɣ
Ҳһֻǣ޷ΪŮˡ
ȫ˿ʣ̧߰ͷĿԼЩʪ
εˣȻҲĻͷ˵ǣ϶й͵ģֹˣȫݡ
ǣ
ҶͻȻŭͺȡ
ǺôĵӣȻҶ򳤴˲ˣǶҿҶֱһӡ
ǣĺɫл΢΢һ𣬿ٽŰΧɱڡֻҪ˸ҷǾǸɱˡ
ţ
ʲô˼
ʲô
ˣֱӾסˣǸûʶʲô顣ӣӦýȫȼסôڣȴǸΧסˣ
λˣˣ˰뽹
ǣ治ˣȫܵġǲţ㵽ʣûаϵ뻹ΪЩӣǽȫ쵽һˡ
εˣҲ͡
ȻԺڵļлǼ˴Ļ࣬ɱ󱻳ģ϶ǼˡңǻǵļˣҲֻ·һ
ͨͨұ죡Ҷĵһۡ
ȫҲ¶ɻɫЩǳļӣôûȶ֣ȶ˶ˣ
λȫˣҶʱȫйʵ
쾳磬ȫֻһͨߣȫµ򳤣򳤻ȻҪ򳤴˹
ȫҶĻһ
Ȼ޷ԤϵġˣҲ׵ɵˡ
ӳȻܹģȫѯʣǲȫˣ
ȫˣ
⵽ô£
ҡȫȫȻЩңǿڻӦ˵
Ҷ򳤴ˣҶȫһ
óίȫΪڷ򳤵飬˫ֵ͸ȫǰ
򳤣ȫʶĽӹҶݹ飬ۿ
ȫˣǳˣΪڷ򳤡ȺˣȻΧ򳤴˵լԺǼֱ죬񼫣齻ȫҶһתĿѾĿɿڴˡ
򳤴ˣЩη䣿Ҷתȫʵ
ȫ򳤣δˣȻȫȨ
ʱȫҲٷίε鿴һ飬Ȼ֪ΪλίΪڷ򳤣Ѿ֪ȷʵǺڷˡ
Ҳв²⣬£ʮа˾뾰йϵΪǵĳûκιϵģӲʶǵĳˡ
Ǿԣȫʵ벻ڶֵĿԡֻǣүôܹó׷ȫΣίΪڷأ
ҡҡͷȫջתĿĿˣҲǸֳЦݡ
ҶӳȫץԺǵУзֱӻɱȫȵ
ƣȫתˡ
֮ǰȫǰϵ⣬ֻ˵ޡڣȫȴõˣΪ⡣
ǣҶӦ
ͨͨץзɱۣҶԸ
ǡǲǳӣǾԲǳӣɫǺ죬޷ţЩǶǳļӡ
ЩˣһǼðġȫ;ԣɱ֮ǰ򳤣мأӣôܲ׷ȫУ䵣ºڷ򳤣
룬ȻҲȷЩǼðģֻʱѾЩʧˡ֮ǰȫıȣȫŹ֪һץǾͱɡǷпܻ
ﬣ룬ҪԳĻ֡
ҷҶһͺȣӰһֱնǣ쾳ߣôֵܵ
һȥţ˲ϯȥ룬ֱӾͱɱ


160 Ϊ
뱻һɱĻҶ
ҶɱʱҲ߶ԪԪɼԣˣ֪Ҷ쾳ߡ
ֿ
ȫ
εˣڼ뷴ʱҲǲǳȥ˵ǴĻҲ١ڣٸһӣҲٷˡ

εˣֱӾӵġ
ȫ뱻ɱûκεͬ顣룬жģĶˡ룬ôģ
ѵʱ벻ûгְæͷҵĲҵ磬ϧ
򳤣򳤴ˣǱɱ˰˴һ·ιڵϣԴк˵
֪СȫȫСȫҪͱɣȫҪԸһܻ
ȻҲ֪ȫôͳΪڷˣ£ȱסԼС˵
˼ģҲ˺󣬷ĿͷģǶ
ȫĿһۣûǡ
գͻ䣬ԼĪ򳤣ľȫˡţЩĻŹԼԼҸֲҵȫҲһ޷뿪ڷ
̶̵ļʱ䣬լԺڵͱȫơ
롢ε˴ϰȫеڵϣֻ֮ͽ񷴿Ҳתۼ䱻ȫɱ
㣬ȥСɣҶһԸ
Ѿȫˣ¾ͿԽˡ
ǣл첽˳ȥ
ʱլԺ֮⣬Χ۵ԽԽ࣬ǶڽԶĵط֪ʲô飬ֻɢլԺڣж϶һЩɱЩܿʧˡ
ȫѵԸ־ܣ
ӦǣȻôɱأڣ˶˰ɣ
ȫȻҷǲ𣿡
ǰʶٳǾˣҲûðǳӵļãٴҲɣ
ߣŲͬۡˣΪˣѾɱˡ
ǿһл첽߳Աߡ
С㣬³ɡԳڵ˹˵
Ƭ̺󣬳һϮǳɫȹ£˳ǻ·
ԶڶΧ۵ߣ£Ӷһ°Ͷ㾪
ǣһֱΪڳˣӦĺڷ򳤡ǣڳ߳ˣȴȫŮ¡
²Ǳ͵κôֳںڷ
ˣ϶ѾˡǸȥǵľԣҲκˡڣȴֳǵǰǵȻޱȵ𾪡
ٿлµ̬ȣֱ˼
ô£ǵļӣΪζ˹
£ڶлӵ£뵽լԺ֮ڡ
£ȫǣ಻סеļ
ղҶǻԸ˵СȫԼľãҶ˵С㣬ܾԼŮǣҲǺȷֲ̫ѯҶһֱŵĶԺŵķ
ڣԼŮ˽̲סϲĿٱ˹ȥ
¼ԼĸףȻҲĺܡ
µʱץߣΪܻŻҲټԼĸˡ飬ۿת
¡㣬㻹ţȫŮ̫ˣ̫ˡ
ȫЩģָŮԼǰ󣬲泩ĴЦ
Ǿүңµ˵
ү
ȫૡ
Ҷӳί齻ʱ;ã뾰йءŮȷϺиƽ
үʶǵĳѩˡ˵үΪ˾ңɱκҺöǿߣ쾳ǿߣүɱˡ
ھԻɱκǿߵʱѾˣǺ֪Щ¡
˵ԵʱµУҲ͸Ĺ
򳤴ˣʶүˡүʵǿκҴκ־ڵǿߣүɱүһ˴κңնκţС㡣ҶһԣҲЦŲ˵
үȫΪȫһĿ⿴ԶԷθ˵
ǹƥɱκңǺεǿǣǿκңǰʮĴ尡


161 ¾ŵ
ಣ
ҰϣɫӰ۵糸
ɫӰǴӶǻصٳǵľԡµǹ˽ӽʮʱ䡣ٳǱǣԼɼˡ
һ·ϣҲʱʱʹ֮·ҲǺżԪĶ֮ҸطʹüƷʯָԪ
ɱҵʱڸҵ򳤸ۡԵõöƷʯڶǳҲ˳ʮʱ䣬Щʱ֮⣬ǵĵһ¥һ˲ټƷʯ
ΪĹϵǵһ¥ҲǳĲҵ¥ڣԵһöʯܶһöƷʯҪڶٵһ¥öࡣļƷʯֵǧöͨʯ
ϵĶʮͨʯóʮ֮ޣȫ˼ƷʯʮöƷʯ
ԣھڶʱڣõļƷʯá
ӽʮʱΪҲǽڽıƽھĶˡٶȥò˶ãԾͿԳԽнڵľˡ
ٳǣյʱ󣬾Ŵ΢ڳפƬ̡
һ뿪ٳǣʱ䡣뿪֮ǰԻΪ뿪֮󣬾Ѿ쾳ǿߡ
ಣ
ǳ֮󣬾ޱȵģľլԺӽ
ţټ֮УԵüͷ
ΪһЩھҵۡ
һΣ̫˰ȥٳǵ壬Ҫ䶯ˡ
ǰ벻ӵܾȻûй˶ڼſˣȻ¶ͷ
ߣңЦĺܣҪǾ峤쾰׳󣬽̼Ҵӵ強ȥƾʲôܳΪٳǵ壿
ɣ˵һΣ̼ܽ˻ᣬ³Ϊ壡

ڿֵϼۣٶȼ죬ʵϵ͵ߣͿԵӰʵǿߣҲֻģӰ
ԣЩ۵ߣûϳոմǾҵľԡ
ȻЩ߿ܶ˵Ե֣Ҳδؾϳ
ô£˶¾ҵţüͷҲ΢΢ʲôôӣȥ¾ҵţ
ңôҲǶٳǵ壬һԼңҲ޹˼ɸɳ°ɣ
ѵԼΪûɱңԹߣַʽйŭЦЦҲӿһ˿⡣
Լң㻹ܱQʲôʱ
ԣٴμ٣һļլԺȥ
լԺ֮ǰһʱ̨ϣվżӰЦݣžլԺŵķ
мƷĻڸкȡ
ҵķǣû˸ҳ𣿡
ӵܣǷͷڹ갡
öٳǵ壬ȻһѵĶûУļ壬Ҳϵ⼸֣
ǼԻ߶ԪݳȥǾլԺ渽ֵϵߣ
ɢߣҲԶԶΧָָۣ㣬˶ϴЦݣȻڿ֡
̨ϵǼӰȥΪᣬ۾̬еĺܡһˣӶеȡ
ңǺǣһΪһе壬жôǿĵءڿһȺﰡɫۣлȵߣǼζ
˵һ㶼ûӵܣһģԶǷûһõóֵġǺǣǼˣ̨ʮ˰ɣ˵һи֪ߵغСӸҳ䣬ֱӴк󣬾ûһ˸ҳˡһɫߣӿ˵
ɫߣ˶ʶԼһһ壬Ҳһ쾳ǿߡȻ˵ᣬҲԶԣѾʮˣҲѧԺ֮һѧԺѧԱ
һ壬ǰӣ͸һɹȻǷǳĿضԷ
֣ѧԺģӦ֪һоԵСӡСӣҲѧԺˣСӵЩŹ֡ѧԺ󣬺ܶ˶Ϊ䣬Ϊͷβķû뵽ûйʱ䣬ˡڲǰľҼϣΪȻ˾ҵǸǺѧԺѧԱʵġɫ۵ߣһЦ˵
Ŷԣ֪ġʱѧԺʮɣʮܽѧԺСļ֮һˡʱѧԺҲв˿أû뵽ľȴϵ䣬ǺǣӣҲһˣֵһᡣɫ۵ţǹЦ˵


162 Ǻˣ
˵һ㶼ûǾҪ֣ôһֱСԼӵԵ죬˼ĺܣԵֻΪСȴԵһҧгݣĿݡ
ȴ˵ʱֻΪԵ͵Ϯԡ
˵ǰһʱ뿪˼壬֪ȥʲôطˣڿܻûлһߣü˵ּˣꡣ
ûǺǣãҪǻҳֵĻҲַһЦ˵


ʱԶΧ۵ڶߣȴͻȻһƬȻ
ֵԶǣһɫӰ˹
ǣҾԣ
Χ۵߿Գ֣ʱͷӶ
Ϊٳǵ߶֪ҽõıδ֮ϣǵһҲ˵Ǿһ֮Уɫӵܡ
֮ǰһ˰̨žӵսֻڵһһӵ̲ס˺̧˻ȥ֮󣬾˸Ӧս
ôھһӵܵĴԳˣ᲻̨Ӧսأ
ǣֱװû뾰լԺѡ
Ŀ⣬ҲǾ뾰լԺֻвһ׵̨һ⣬ھнɢ
֪ΪЩߣ˵һɨˡ
˼ң̨ڴſˣȻûκεķӦֱܴ谡
峤ǣʲôѵͲ˾ҵƤ
Էŭģתеͷ񣬿ɨ̨ϵһӰ
Լһ壡̼Ҳ̹֣ţּꣿԿĿ΢΢һ䡣
һͲ̹⡣Һ壬ǵжԵĹϵˣּҵ꣬ΪҲڣ
󣬾ԵĿ⣬İϡˣ֮׵˼Ǿȴʶˡһ˶̬ȣݿ϶ͬһ㣬ǶٳǴӵܣԼʶ
ˣðģ
ھԹ۲̨ϼ˵ʱ̨ϵļˣͬɨԡ
ԣһ壬Ŀһ㣬һͺ
Ǿԣţ΢΢ͷǷЦ
ѧԺʱȻ˵ԣ֪Ժ̤쾳粢ҽѧԺҲʶԡ
ѧԺ̫ˣѧԱҲࡣ˷ǳٲ֮⣬󲿷໥֮䲻ʶ
ţǾԡɫ۵Ĳ̹֣ƲƲ˵Ŀеŭ˿ûε˼
̼뾰ҵĳԹѾˡ̼ԭǶٳǵ壬ǱңӲȥġ
ڶٳǣӵˣƲ̼ΪĴ壬ǲӵˣͲϲ̼һ塣
̼Թ޾ңһ˾֪
֮ǰȷʵڼ֮ڰӦǣմطЦЦ۾˵
֣⾰Ե޳̶ܳȣ̫˽Ŷ̹Ц˵
Ŷſ̹֡
Ҿã⾰֮ǰһֱھլԺ֮ڡ¶棬ֻͷڹ꣬һʱ䣬ٳǵ߶Ǿӵͷڹꡢͷ⾰Ϊνľɫӵܣ϶Ǳܼ尾ġ
֪ԼһֱҲǰ취ԹʲôСźȥȻװŸոմػӣҾͻã⾰ǲڼլԺڵġ̹֣˵ĺеӡ
֣˽ⱰɵСһԲ̹ĴָЦ
ԣ
ţ߹ľԣݵֺͺ񳤱ں
ʵԭҪ߹ȥġ
Щ쵰ھ⣬̨Ѿˡ֮ǰԲڼڣţھԻôܵûŲҲ϶ȥ
ϴЦݣ˹ȥ
£ѹŭʡ
㲻ʶңһ㶣Щɻ
ãӦʶԼģʶԼһǰ񣬺úõĹάƨǣԵ̬ȣƺеĲһ
ŶǺˣӦʶ𣿡ŵĻҲЦˡ
ӣһ嶼ԼΪհݿ϶ͬ졣ǣԻĲʶʲôˡ
ߣСӾȻʶңһӦִ֪°ɣǺǣִ£ҵʦһ˵ʦʱޱ԰Ц
ִµӵݣĽߣ

Ŀо΢΢һȻ֪ϼһѧԺԺִ¡ѧԺʱ򣬾϶þԹѧԺġ
Ȼþľ뿪ѧԺҲʲôϾʵڿ½ѧԺҲӦвϼһȴλԺִǰ辰ԣ˵ѧԺյѧԱ֮УһֱѧԺĳ衣
ԣһǣʱвϻ쵰Ż



163 ͷ
ԭǲĵӣѹ˿Ҳѹ֣һ˶䶼˵Ĺά
ѧԺԺִ£ȻԺִ£ѧԺǷǳģһԺִ£еȨСӣһѧԺԴ
˵ѧԺԺѧԱҵԺִ¡
Ŀ⣬ţһѧԺͱضдӵٳǣȻǴܵάӭϡ
񾰼ļ壬ſ£ǲ
ڣ֪˭˰ɣŰб۴žԣúܣСӣܱQ㱻ѧԺǻΪСӳ군أȻˣʵҲû˹ע㣬ֻżȻ˵֡
߸ϣ
ǰͺһССƺ뾰˵Ǹӡ
ǺǣվǷھڣǸҵǰȻһˡһЦ˵Ŀ˸
һ壬Ҳʮ֮ǰѧԺԺִ²һͬصٳǵġ
ΪѧԺԺѡΣҪʼˡչѧԺɳһЩѧԺĹԱٳĳȥලѡΣ뵱صĳѡһЩӵܣǽпˡ
һٳǵѧԺԱȻǲ
һصٳ֮˵Ե챻Է˵Ϣ󣬱ǴŭҲ֪ǲֱӴ뾰Ҫ˵ģԾһƣʹĵţھǰ̨㲻ŪŪоԣҲҪݺݵ辰ҡ
ڲ̼ҵĲֻ̹֣Ǹճȥġһ侰ҵ档ҲԽŴùϵȻѧԺѧԱŴùϵڲǰΪ̼˵ûͿø̼ӵܣȥǲμѧԺ˵Ļᡣ
һ壡תĿһ壬Ӧ֪Լ峤ԵԪĶԵ죬ڼ޶սЭ͵ϮңȻҴ˰ɣ
ǷЦݡ
ԵĻһһŭӿ
ʲôõģԵʱжֻ̣ΪҲ۸۸һЩ߰ˣ㻹£һȵ
һ壬ƤҲĺܺ񰡡ԵΪҵʱֻΪԵ͵Ϯңҷˣ˭ǷﰡԹһЦ
һϢᣬԪŭĵžԡ
Ե챻Դˣȷʵܶ
ԵֻͨԼӵܣǻԲ⣬Ե峤ĶӣԼңö
ǺǣŭŰ˰еȣ΢С
ԣӦҲ룬ٴνѧԺɣҪҪҸʦ˵һȥǲμӿأǺǣҲһ仰顣һƺܲⰡҿǲȸǸЦŶԾ˵
ǸĿһת
԰ǸɣҲΪ㣬͸һ£ͷһҲͲٹˡȻأҾ͸ʦ˵һ˵ȥǲμӿˡ΢Ц˵
ŵĻһЩɻţţȴǶ΢΢ҡҡͷĿϷʡ
һ嵱ˡ
ǣϷˣԡ
ԾĹؿͷҲᣬʦǰΪ˵
ĸһͷˣгǧ˫۾ŵģϢ˲ͿԴȥ⽫ܴ裬澰һӵĳ衣
ԣԣҿͷҾͲƽˡһҲЦԾ˵
һֲ׷ˣأ֣ɲܺ˱˰ȻԸһҲӦøɣ̹ʱ˵
ԶԶԣôܽǣԣһһɣ꣬Сûе㣿ҲǸ˵ʱֿһһֱû˵ꡣ
Ͳˡ뾰ԣûʲôìܵġҡͷ
ʵ꣬˲һȫΪ˼룬Ҫ£ϵּ뾰ңѵĹϵһ˽һҲЩġ
ǿϧˡһۣҲ⡣
ţңǸЩװɣŭȼգţΪԼǸһָʹӡ
ԣɲҪʶôңǸһᣡҪǲϧҲû취ˡҲˣ㾰ǰ̨ʮˡ㾰ңһСӸҳӦսСʵҲ̫һ㣬һһƾȲˡû취㾰ӵܣʵ̫ˡҪǲǸҲһ壬̨߰ѵ뿴ţ̨һֱ𣿡ŵЫ


164 ̨
ʵϣ֮ǰ뾰ԸûκγԹ
ٳǣ֮Ժһˣһͬھ̨ҲȫΪ뾰г
ֻǣ̫԰ˣûҵ¡ھ̨Σҵ峤ϣѵҶ֣
ʦѧԺԺִݣǵʦҲõĺ
ŶԾԵӡҲࡣڣȴޱȵŭˣΪԣûи㹻أ֪ݺ󣬾ȻûϹάνӡ
ȵĲ
ԣ
ţʵҾ㣬㵽ʲô˵ôһѵĻҶûһвζԵĻ鿴ţһĺ档
ţ
ʲô
⾰ԣˣ
һͲ̹֣ڵžԹأú辰һȴ벻Ի˵Ļ
֮ǰŶѾ˵ԼѧԺԺִ²ĵˡ
ԣҵִ£
ţɫȻīղţܱЦӸµĶԾ˵˲ķŭȫˡ
ǴҲܿóϷˣȫûнο
С֣Ҷô˵ϢȫԪڣ׶ޱȵžԡ
Ŀһ˿šʱţھУǱɱĶˡ
ԣһҲͺȡ
Сֱòͷˡ̹֣޲Ҫһ㡣
ԶڶΧߣҲȻ
ŵˣ̨ʮʱˡǸտʼʱ򣬾󲿷ֵߣ֪ŵݣǾʮĴŵݣҲ˲֪ˡ˶֪ѧԺѧԱʦѧԺִ¡
ڣԣȴֱʶԷʲô
ȫǣŽ谡ڣŵ
ЩΧ߿辰ԣģǾţǾˡȻҲˣԵһʮߣܹšһǰ˿ûη֮ɫйġ
Щˣšһ壬֪½ˡǣΪȻΪ
ϾڲǰľҴϣȻǻ˾ɾȴֻ죬һκ˶֪
ԣϿֵǸִ˴ƽ̫ġּҵ꣬ԾȰ˵
ʵǲûйϵǣ겢ϣɫӵܣŵУұϾּҵѣҵʵˣּҲᴽݺ
ŵ˵޳̶ܳȣĽǼˣ㾰Դʱų̂ҲûŶս˼ſҲֱӳֽնɱ
ţھǿߣҲŶ֡
꣡
ҾͺɻʲôһͲ̹⣬꣬ΪԿꡣ
꣬ҲʮˣּΪ쾳֮һȻڻּҳϣٹʮʮ꣬ضΪּҳϡ
ôһʣҲ¶֮ɫЩŭĿԡ
Ҳ̫ˡ
ô˵ҲּҵߣʮľԣǱСһֵġԵڵʣ굱Ȼջ
ããҲˣ㰮ɣһӳ䣬һԡ
ԼҲûа취
ԣǺǣĺܣѧԺҲûô֪ߵغСӡΪ㲻̨ҾͲᶯɱ㣿СӣˣشҪɱ㣬Ҷס˵
Ѿ׼նɱˣʦţҲҽôʦ۷ӽ龳ǿߣǿߣҲδʦ֡
ţҲҼģ֪ĶΪҲ̨Ҹ㣬ĺˡڣҾ̨㲻ǰڳ̨սӵڣˣ߰һԾϵ̨֮ϡ
ţҾԣң̨΢Уźȵ
˶սˣ̨ɣתĿɴ۾һˡ
һͲ̹֣û뵽ԸԼ̨ǵͣȾԴʮ꣬ԱսҲ˵ùȥġ
ڣȴ̨
Сӣѵ𣿻ǣԼţѾͻˣΪھҴϻܾһ쾳ˣ
΢΢һһͲ̹֣ЦЦĬȻ̨߳Χ
꣬Ҳ̾һ첽뿪̨Ȱ˵ˣȴ飬ҲֻܿžѰ


165 Ҵ
̨ϣԺţɫɫӰԶ
ž
һ죬еȣֱ̨ϡ
ֱֻһһ˺ɫĳì˲С
С֣ҼˣȻǼˣڵģԻڵġҲֱӻɱ㣬һϣͱžŰʮһѪŷŭ˼㣬ûˣǰģһ֪ὫԷŪ
ԣȻҵô˵棬Ǽˣ٣νͷ֮ޣ
㣿
Цˡ
ֻʵʵ˵ˣ㣬ʵϣһͷβļˡѵԼ˵˵㲻ǶٳˣҲҾңûʲôԹʵʵѧԺžǣȴԶٳǣҺûκγԹľ鷳ǲǷ
ôҲһ쾳ߣȴ˵ǹʹ֪Ƶܣ㲻㻹
ȻⲢĹؼؼǣΪһ塢̹ƨԼСҪˡ˵㲻Ǽʲô΢΢תԪ¡¡Ĵ
ھԶţֻǰһڣһûιȥ
ԼķΣҪըˡ
С֡С֣ãõĺܰ㡭ңңҲҪɱ㣬һҪ㾰ɫǺ죬˫ĿźɫìֱۣþҵĲš
ʱЩΧ۵ߣֱӴˡ
еͷǣλҵľүȻôõĿڲţţҪӰ
һͲ̹ˣҲɫڣϢءĿɲֻţˣҲȥˡ

ʱ򣬾լԺ֮УȴǺһӣܳһȺߡ
Ϊ׵ǣһʮߣڵĳ̨Ե
˳ˣ
ҪԵģԶھ̫ҪˣҲž
ţ˱ô죬û¶棬ͷڹꡣڣڳסˣΪ˾Ҫˡ
ڶߣһȺ˳׷׵˵
ԣڸʲô
ǣһȴˣ⡣
˵ˣھԶţΪ׵ľߡ
һ֣ôʹԣ
ɽԣĿҲǾߣ΢΢һ
ɽǴϾĵϵˣҲǾҪ֮һ
ԣϽؼȥϹʲôڽ󣬾ɽѾ̨Ե۾žԣûϵ̨֮ϡ
ɽʲô˼üͷ
֪𱰵Ļ˶ô˵ģϽǸȻҹɽɫһڣõͳ
Ǹָָš
ɽӽˮ˰˼ھҴ̨ɨҵƤ㾰ɽȴҪҸǸҲŭˡ
ɽΪþԵģ
㾰ɽǴϾˣҾȷʵ뾰ϵг϶ԵУȻˣ˿˾ҵ棬ˣֱǳ⣡
ˣˣԣ֪֪ʲôݣ֪֪ʦѧԺִ²ˣ㣡ֱ޲ɼ㽫ҾңǴ鷳ɽɫø
̨ϵţۿžԺ;ɽɽĻеԽУ˲ָֻˣˣµԼ
ŵǣһ˿Цݳ
ɽҵȻ֪ŵļʲôݣҪѡߣʲôݣھҴ̨ҡΪһˣ裬ȻӶɽΪеϽȥʵʵŰɣԺļ˵
ɽڶྰˣԵĻɫҲ죬Щ
ʵסԼŵ̨ҲкܶˣǼŭģ޲óŵɱǣ쾳ߣȥ峤ϵˣҲûټϣҵĸ߲㣬ĿƾӵܵķŭǲŶڼûг
ãðɽҲŭĺܣУ㾰ԣаҵҪҪôճ
ɽɫɭ¡
һȥɣҲᾰɽ
ΪҪ֮һҲ쾳ߣȴûйΪԷиѧԺִµʦͰԼȥȣȺҪЦ˼Ҷ߰
ЩΧ۵ߣԺ;ɽĶԻһҲЦԭΪ˳ҪҲ˺ȴȫô¡
ңҪû˰


166 
ˣ̨ڵǰƣӵΪ˼Ӧսκһ壬嶼ӦվԼӵһߵİɣ
Ǿأ
ҵܾɽΪ˵ԼӦսӵܣ
ּ壬ǿʢ
Χ۵ڶߣԭǿֵ̬ȴЩΪԾòֵˡΪļ壬ֵã
̨ϣԣɫ˳
𽣣ǾԸ֡ⷨǴκҴκ־еõģԲʹǰ֣Լһµ֡
𽣣

ó𽣺ţͫȻһ¶̰֮ɫ
ʹõĳìһƷԣȻзֱ鰵Ͷ
һҪɱԣõ˲䣬о˾
ȻʹõǳǳìǷļֵߣȫԽԵķѧԺȻȡһʺԼķʹá˷սٶߣ
뵽ŵĿУһŷսøӸ߰
̨Եһ塢̹֣¶̰Ŀ⣬ˣͬûзϧ̨ϽҪնɱԵţˡҲ˵ķݡ
ԣ
Ŀۣһͺȡ
ìһ
еĺɫì֮ϣԪȣɫìӰǧߣǵϯ
ìһּƷѧ
ţھߣѧԺѧԱִµĵӣƽʱܹõԴ϶һѧԱƷѧҲ֮С
С֣˵ҪžŰʮһ˵Ϳ϶ҲֱӾŪģìӰ촫
ߣһëȻĸо
ìƷѧ֣ѾѧΪĳ̶ˡһŹ˵
ǺǣҲǵģɱһߣȻҲüƷѧɱţңһͽǾԸնɱˡ̹֣ЦЦ˵
˵ɣҲ֪ܹܾ죬ɲһܹġȻˣ㾰ԺǿڵĶţҲǱɡ
뵽Ҽȥһţ̹Ҳޱȵ˷ܡ
ܿΪ̼˵Ĳ̹֣ͺ׬һһá
ԶЩΧ۵ߣУҲһЩǿߡ
ǿǿֲìӰϯԵʱ򣬾֪ڽˣǳ漣ȻԱضŵС
Ʒѧܣ̫ˡ
ˣ޴ʱ򣬾ȻûгϳԾ
װ׳ʧҵ峤ˣѵ޶
һЩߣĿ⿴򾰼լԺƺڵȴţҵĳϵǿ߳Ⱦԡ

ʱ򣬾ԣȴһŭ
𽣣·תĽϣһҫ۵ĺ⣬ɨ
ն½
ɫĽ⣬ڿռ۳Ϊһɫµ״
ܣܷȥ
£ڿռڣ΢΢˶١󣬱ԿֲٶȣϮɱȫɫìӰ
ţ
Ī쾳ߣ
һ֣ž͸Ӧ˾ϵԪƺԲ죬쾳硣
Ҳ΢΢һŭ
һ壬Ȼ˵Ϊ쾳硣
ȻŭһҲûʲô˵ġ㾰쾳磬Ҳ֡
Ʒѧն½ҲҵìԿЦţЦһӣȴԼǧìӰھ϶žŰʮһѪ
ۣ
ɫâɫìӰײܵĹߣ΢΢ζӡ
ţ˴ԵһĻˡ
׺ޱȵĺɫǧìӰȻ˲䣬ͱɫâȫ˺ѿɫâûܵͳƺɫìӰķź󷽵Ϯɱ˹ȥ

ţɫȻҰף۾һȣӰˣ֮еԪĺȻ߶˼ޣеĺɫìҲ趯ͼ赲
꣡
ɫ⣬еĳìԴ
еһУ·һ̣ȫһУֹˡ
Ŀע£
ŵĶͷһ㣬֡󣬺ԽԽγһѪѪҺð˳
ŵİϢҲ糱ˮһٵţӰڹԵĺˡٴ˳֮ǣŵȥ
ﬣƷɫìڵϣһ졣죬ͺûڸߵϡ


167 
ھ磬ѧԺǿţһУնɱ
⣬ģ
˫۾̨ϣȻվɫӰ浹ڵϵİӰ
ΪΣԼߣľԤȫ෴
£ӦãԱնɱ
ߣǲͷ°ͶҪӡ
ʱз𽣣ߣȽ伫ƷìһƷֵöʯ˷ˡ
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⵽ָһöָֽ
΢һöָֽԱֽ뵽Լָֽ֮ڡ
졭찡ܾɽڻع֮𾪵ġૡһ䡣
Ŀ⣬Ȼתԡ
ԣԣ㡭Ȼɱֱ죬֪֪ľٶҴѣɽɫ
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ھɽԿžԲԣʱ˵ļͷŭ
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ԣѾǹ͵ˡ
ɽǲʶôҲֲþԶˡ
ಣ
ɽ˵ǣʱһӰޱȴӾլԺڳ˳
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ԣڳľˣΪĳϾӢٶ̫죬ûпʱ򣬾ԾϳǾĳϾӢӾլԺڳ
ԣû°ɣӢû£Եɳһ
ӢҲǸող廤˵ڼ֮⣬ŵ˰µ̨Ϣٶȳ˳ȷʵҲҪŵ˶֣Ϊ¾ԵŵˣΪľԻܵ˺
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⡭Ӣ۾ɴһЩ˿ŵʬ壬ֿԡ
ĳϣЩˣҾ̨ҾҡҾԣΪӵܣȻҪΪ룬̨ŵ˶սʵңֱնɱˡȻ˵
ҲΪά档
Ӵ˵նɱţκ⡣
ԣţھߣ㡭ôɱӢԾĿžԡ
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
Ӣ֮ǰ뿪լԺǰ»ɭֵʱ򣬻쾳硣Źȥʱ䣬ԾܻɱΪţ
ĳϣѾ̤쾳硣ȻֻΪҪɱַѡЦ˵
죿Ӣ˫Ŀ֮Уһ
ã̫ˣԣ㲻ҾɫţܺáӢĴЦԵΪԸеˡ
峤飬ҲøеοˡԣǾǸ׿Сһﰡ
ӢЦУҲ̧ͷ˿ʣתͷ
Ȼ˵ǰһʱ䣬Ծ粻ϵ䣬Ϊ䵽죬ھˣңƺҪʱ򣬻Ҫ
ʱ򣬾̤쾳磬Ҳǲ߿ġڣȴǣܻɱšĿǰھ磬̤۷徳磬ʵжǿ
ӢԽԣԽϲޱȡѿο
ţһ塢̹֣ߣʱ򣬾Ŀһת䵽Ҫ͵͵ߵӰ֮ϡ
һͲ̹ˣһնɱŵ龰סˡǵʵŶв簡һնɱţɱǣ
ˣȻԣĵģҪ뿪
ǿңȻĳ϶ԻҲ˲䣬ͲҪߡ
ôܣ쵰뿪ղţ쵰ޱȣûԷ


168 
ԵĻһͲ̹ˣ΢΢һɫ˲Ǻ졣
˰

ôණٳǰ뿪ȴԸˣںǳ˳Ŀ⣬ˡ
ǣֱڵϣȥ
ԣ߾ߣܹܵǣߣɱ֣ǺúڼڣӭӲִµŭɣһβתӲͷƤ
֣ߣһֶԲֵ̹
ˣװںԵӣվֱҪ̤
Ǻǡ΢Ц
Ƕһԣ˭ȶҾɱ˭һ塢̹֣ǿԲҵĻǾͶҿЦ˵󣬵ȴ
һˣֻоһɺӿѾǰ壬Ӳֹס
ˣĵĶһۡ
ͱһ仰ˣıŵòˡŶɵˣٸɵǣҲ²ȥְ⾰ԣһͷడǱɵǾǵļΪǱҲûð˶ˣҲ
ڶߣۿţһԼ̹̼ΪԵһ仰Ͳκζ׷׵һ
ǿƣ
ðԵƣ
ԣ㲻Ҫ̫ˣڶų̂ϣҪɱǣ壬ɶ㾰ҿսԼһɣһ̬ȣ˲٣ž˵
Ψһĳ룬һˡ
ԣԣɲҪ³çɱǣԼҲܲ㾰Ҳ̹֣ܲҲЩŵ˵
ʱ⣿
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ȻˣҲԲɱǡԽ˵
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жٶٳǵΧۣ
ô˵棬¹ͷһ壬Ժ
ãȻǲԸͷҾͳȫǣϢȻɫ𽣣ٶ˳
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ͨ
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ֲԵͷָֽڸң
ǣǣ̹֣վԼָֽȡ͸ԡ
ָڣȫҵ
ǣСھСҪûˣ̸ʲôԴԸɵһĽָŵĽָͱȥ
ˣˣԶԲְ̹˰֡
ԵĻֿ̹һתͷҲصķɱȥû࿴ԶһһۡھԴӦһԷô죿ԣٶ뿪ΪáصԼ壬Űȫ
̼ҵĻҲǼٵĸŲֵ̹ıӰ۶ȥ
һ壬ɣԵĿ⣬ֿһ塣
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ţԸʲôУȻֹ̹ˣҲ㲻ԸǰɣȻԸҿɴϲǿ˵ġ۾΢΢ü
ԸԸģһоϵɱ⣬æͷ˵ʱѾʼͷ
ˡֹǿͷͣ



169 Ϸ
һ۰Ͱ͵žԡ
ү˴һΰɣҡ֪ˡһصĶȲֶ̹Ҫ淶ࡣ濴ȥУ·ʵϴˡ
ָ֡
һԴϲٽԼָָֽժ͵ǰ
ɣĵһȡ
һһת߶Ԫ̹һһıڶȥ
Լһȥ
һȥЦЦ
ʵҲֱɱһͲ̹ˣԼҺͲ̼ң뾰ҶǵжԹϵɱ쾳ߣɿԽϴʵǲ̼ңκһߣܹʧġ
ǣҲѹ
һͲ̨̹֣֮ϣֱӸɵһԼҺͲ̼ңҾ鷳ԾĿǰԼҺͲ̼ͬʱѣҽӦ
˵Խˣ˵ľضҲǼġˣԺ϶ûǰ¶ˣٶʱڲٳ֡
ˣֱպܵ裬棬ҲǾ޴Ĵ
ԵĿģǴﵽˡ
̨Ͼԣһӡ
ǣߣĳӿ
Ҫ֪һͲ̹֣ǳʮߣǿȾԸ߳һˣھǰ˾ͺɥ֮Ȯһҡβܲ𶯣
ĳϾӢǾþòƽ
ûмһɱŵĳ棬ҲͲ֪һͲ̹ˣΪζԾôη塣նɱţ϶Ҳ̫ɲŶԡ
ԡּҵ꣬վһԣȵĲڡ
Ŀתתꡣ
֪꣬ҲΪּҿǣҪͽšҾҺּңѵĹϵܾ޴𣬶ּ˵ҲûʲôôҾãΪߣҪһЩġԴĻ˵
꣬ɫ죬ȴ޷
ڼԵʵ֮ǰ걻ָһǳŭڣȻȴûзŭ
磬ʵΪ
߰ɣ԰˰֡
ǣһ֣Ҳת뿪
󣬾뾰ӢԼɽˣصլԺ
ٳǣȴǷˡ
ѧԺԺִ²ĵţھլԺ̨֮սӵܣձֱնɱϢһڶٳɢ
˶֪ػˡ
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ҵʱˮǴߣһЩߣΪҼԽּңΪٳǵڶ壬ǽԼҵļ塣
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֮ǰŵ˰µ̨ҵڶӵܣޱȵķŭ˶ҪȥԷɱжһڶ
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峤ҰϾ꣬λϣۼһá
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峤λϡԣžҰ΢΢ҲоڵЩѹ֡
ԣˣҰԾԵͷ˵
Ӣ;ԣߵһ
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̧ͷ˿һŭĿľ꣬ЦЦ
ϣ£ѵǾңѵ뿴ţԼļſڣŵ̨ţȻÿ챻ǰ˵˶Ƿų𣿡Цһʾꡣ
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˶£Ȼһ㶼֪ڸġ㵽֪֪ͱ˶¨ӣŵȻɶ񣬿ò˶ãͻ뿪ٳǣҲˣ͵վŭڣ۾׺ݵĶžԺȵ
ϣҾ뷨⡣Ӣüͷ𣬿ž˵ΪƴΪ⣬ȴָԣǲ̫˺ˣ
ĳ˵еǾң档ЩӣЩҲܵĺܡҲ̾һ˵
ߣҾ֪¸ճҾڵѣλӦס峤Ͼԣ飬ɨԣһ



170 
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ԣ仰˵ڳ峤λϣɫ΢΢һ䡣
ĳϾӢҲĬ
üԼãƺԼеô򵥡
ӱ濴ѧԺԺִ²ĵӣͬʱѧԺѧԱԼɱţ϶ǵ˲ִ£ھҶԣȷʵһӰ졣ǣӰ죬Ҳ峤гϣ˳üչ񾰼Ҽ֮һɣ
ţլԺ̨̨Ǿǵ߳ӣɨģձһʮ߻ɱѧԺҲҲɶԾ˵ĵģôˣΪ˳أ

峤Ұ̾һĿ⿴ԡ
ԣɱţǴˡҰЩɳơ
ԣ֪ܲĵܵ˭ɣҰվⲽ˵ĵܵܣǲ񣡡
񣿡΢΢һ
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׺
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ĳӿ֮УԱȫˣ֪ˣΪ峤ˣ˵ء
˵һһԲĻôǸǸ׺Ҿ;޷ˡĵܵܲǸ׺ĵӣȻ˵£Ӧòᾪʦ׺Ǹ׺ϵ޷ģΪ׺ӵĲ񣬿϶ҲŷǳֲĹϵ
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ңǸ׺ӣҲ˵ӦҲǵʦ
ԣ֪Ҵ˶¨˰ɣ꣬ĵҾңܾΪ¶𣬶ɵĺ£
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ĿתӾԣӹֿ򾰴ꡣУҲΪأΪ֪׺ǵǳĿֲܣǴˡ
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峤ģʲôԼеɣҸ˵Ϊ뾰޹ءԳһ£˵
µҲֻˡ
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ϣҰ򾰴꣬ͳȵ
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˵öԣǵĶÿ죬ھͽ͹ȥԣӿںԥ˵
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ὫԸƳȥ˵ǱֻͨľӵܣҲΪֺòԼӵƳȥң߾ܣԡ
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ϻ쵰޳ܵĺܣĵűԼɱһưոݡԼκξңкܴܣܵܲ档
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171 Ҫҽ
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࣬һָ߼ޣͨƥԾ˵Ը񣬱Ƚ˳ԱѱԴ
ͣͨƥһӣٶȼ죬һԾʮϰ׵ľ룬һ۷徳ȫ۵ٶȶҪʮ
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㿴ҽµľԶˣǺгİɣ±ֿһɫޱĲ
ߣǽС͹ң»εģһСֵͻҵŵ¼䣬ûֺ¡һߣݵ˵
˼ǾҽԣҲ⣬Ҫ⸶ĴۡԵ޷ŵ
վھҰľԣϢ΢΢һĿ⣬Ȼɨ
ϻ쵰
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ϻ쵰辰ԡ
ԣȻǳķŭĿУâӿԻˣΪԷʵ۷ǿߣԼ϶Ƕ֡
С֣ƺҪɱҰҲӦ˾ԱЦЦž˵
ⲻ˶áߣ˵űǿΪأԣ
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ˣ֪ˣ֪ͨҾҽԴΪʲôʱ򣬾Ұ±ʵ
Ұˣҿ϶ǵﶨˡԣҲίߣҶ߾ܱסԡ
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峤㵽˵ʲôԣھլԺ֮ɱţѵ㲻֪ѵڿҵģ±Щŭˣȵ
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ǣŵǲĵӰ
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177 
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֪Ұ϶ǲ׵ĽԽˡ
һЦҰԼҵľǷǳ޴ġԣȷʵţҳһԣھҵĽо޴ҲþҲǣңӦ÷ڵơ
޷õ½⣬ʹòնԾ֣ǾͲһôˣңٲľء޷вңɲĵܵܲǿǵʦǿС׺ĵӡ
ԣ±ãҰ;ҵľǷǳ޴ġ
峤Ҫˡûҵδ±ǷЦžҰͳ˵
±˼ǣΪòˣҾҾ͵ƽ޹ʵһ𣿡ҰҲЩŭˡ
һʼ±ǴҪԵӡ
û±ûйϵǣǾˣôܾƳȥ
±ΪٳǵĸȴһҪֺˣԼڵߡ㣬ûһ㵣
ҰҲ±Ŀӡ
±һȡ
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ΪҰĶײúûӡ
㳡֮ϣѧԺԺִ²кѧԺԺִ񣬻еһѧԺԺִī
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ɵңȻӰܻ£ùϵôӰ죬ȫͿˡ
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ţ
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ԾһڣЩ⡣
ҵȻǶٳǸ±Ȼ˵
ȻþûʸԻ⣬ǻشˡ
ҾͲ̫ˡЦЦʵҪΪ̫ŭҲڣ˵±ˣΪٳǵĸ£ƺݲϰ
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ԵĻܴ
ⷬ˵͵Ǻͳ±˺ˡ
Ҳˣ飬±ǲվھһġȻΣ±վһսԼҪί
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Сӣôĵӣ㾰峤Ҷô˵С쵰ȻңھԻº󣬳±ȫ̲סˣ͵վԪӿžŭȡ
ɫҲǺ죬ȥɲ
ȻԵĻȴվסûа취
ԻɱţǾԵĴȻԱȾҽԡھûȴȾҽԣǲΪǲΪгɡ
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һʮСӣȻ̬ѧԺִǰӡڣԸŹԣӦ
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178 Ҵһ
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תĿһˣȻۡ
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λ峤֮󣬻ŲǿߡЩˣ߲ƣȻվھҵĶ档
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Ŀ⣬һԵĲ
췢飬Ѿ˵ˡ£ԼҲΣһҴˣη䣬ԵԪЦŶԲ˵
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ˣ˰ɣԩͷծֲɱҵš˰˰֡
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һͲ̹֣æлԹԵվһԡ
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Ұ㵽״Σǿ̬ɣҵĴһ֮䰡ΪСңֵûǲֵã±Ŀ򾰳Ұ
ʱҰ΢΢
ֻԼ֪ʱѹж󡣾ҵĴƺľһ֮䡣֪ĲԣôңضҪԳԼԼҺͲμӵ
ҵּңö룬ǿ϶ܱԲ뾰ҹСķ棬ּһվңڵǣҪңּôܼվھһ
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ʱ򣬾ҴϾ꣬ȳˡ
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Խû˿ѹҪ˵㣬ͲȵգϣͻԽԸѺ͵ˡ
꣡Ұһȡ
峤ѵҪŸ𣿡Ҳ˿ûõ˼
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179 
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עݣӢָָԼ
꣬ô峤˵ģңʲôʱֵ㵱ˣӢޱȵķŭ
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Ŀǰڣʵǿˣ峤ҰĳϾӢ
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ףңĽҲı䲻ʲôȻоֶˣҲĳԼɽˣԲ뿴žҰҰ
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峤ϾԣҪԶ𣿾ɣûпڣһţһɫ۵ߣ΢ǰ˳
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Լ峤ԵԪģӣϡ
Լңʮһšһ壬ԶԶϡ
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ڶٳǣܶ˶ΪϣԼңһ龳ǿߡ
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ϣż֪ͬͬȷϵԡԵԪЦ˵
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180 
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ԵԪףǰҲƺԵԪΪ峤˽ȻǽСģ
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ʵϣΪܱܵȫǽڡ
ϣҲɵӣ˵ںԣĵףɾԳɳȥǽֲܿ
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ԣ϶սͱսࡣ
ҪȣϵĴսӵеĵƣȫƳҵֱնɱ
ԿɲɵΪûططϱضҲ˱طΪǿط
ˣʩչն½֮ԱǵķЦ
һھߣھߣߵļƷѧֻʩչƷѧӦԣǲ
ԣһΪжǿҲһˡ£үһжӲסɣ̲סˡ
ƺǣղų¡
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ݵĿīһۣȴûа취
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ǿޱȵԨǲܻն½ĽâײյĽͬʱڿռɢ
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طһطϴȴһֱܵطǽϴ£ٿֱƷѧܡ
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ԣŭһȡ
֮ڵԪȻըȶ˲䣬ԵԪܿռѹ׺ݵż֮⡣
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֮
Ԫ֮żĿյԼʱʩչ֮ѧ
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ʩչ֮󣬾ԵӰڿռһӰԨĹɨӰ֮ϡ
ԾԱγɹɱ˵ֻǲಿ֡һɫɨǽǲȫ
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Ԩ̫ǿȻ֮ٶȣȻܵ˽ϴơԣٵΣҲޱȵա
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ϣطͭǽطȻԹûʲôǶԷȴܴﵽ˵ĳ̶ȡ
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ܵǿߣ׷׸̾˵
Եѧϵѧ˶ãϿҪˡȴû뵽ϾȻһַطþԲ˼Ĺûн

С֣㻹ΪܻҾվ㹥㶼޷˵ҷֺϣЦ˵
˵·ȫ⣬е뷨ȴѾȫıˡΪΪͭǽطһΣĿܱ͵Ϯ˵Ҳ˵֮ǰȫûںģûбвԣܶв
ҺãͭǽطͭǽڵķǷǳŵġ
鷳ˣϻͭǽطҪͺѺˣ΢΢ҡͷ˵
֮ǰѧܹϵѧӦҲ
ȻҲ벻ܹϤԨ㡣ΪôʱҵƷѧԨ㡣κһѧ㣬κ߶֪ġܶԨӦþǣԼѧԨ㡣
⣬ǱȽ˵ġ
ǣϣȻͭǽڣþԵˣȻ޴ˡ
㾰ԻٴεõԨѧĻᣬҲ̫в
ҪɱԣҲѰ࣬һԵ˵
ʱѣǳɱȥϱϾھ簡ҡҡͷ
仰ˡ
ǰԲڣȴڡɱȥǾԱضȼֲȥġһԪϵʱ򣬾Ի
࣬ҲɵЩ
뾰ԽֵϣȻҲ뵽һ㡣ѾıԼĲԣٻɱԵ뷨ţȾľԵԪ
ֻҪܻɱԣҲǿԽܵĽ
飡˵ĶսȻڼϵԨʩչԼ٣ԣȴάն½Ĺȡ
Сֶ֣ܼáϣЦ


187 ͭǽ
ৣ
ĳɫâƽϣ
Ϲ⽵ԨʩչƵʣʹþԣԸ״͸Ԩγɵɫâ֡
ԣǰĳɫâԽԽࡣ
Ȼɫâܶ࣬ȴҲ޷͸طͭǽڵķ
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ɣɣҰɣϣ˷ܵ˻
ԵĹԽͣϾԽˡԽ˷ܡ
⣡
ƺϵˣ
峤ҰҲˡ
Ҳ֣ƺڷأطзءھǿȵĹϵԪľҪٵö࣬ټϱھߣԪȥԱضϸ罫Ԫһա
ҰЩ
ģҪѾԣֵһڣþԷ񣬱ҵԾԷһ
ô죿
׸ô죿
ҰĶš
峤ҲԼĿǣžҲһܿڹԪӢĿԾҰ˵
ţҰĿ΢΢һ
˻˻˻˻
ԵĹȻڼ
Ͽʼȡطⶼȥյʱ䣬˿ûмԼ˼
ͺûпϵһ㡣
ޱ飬ָɴһɫâڿռ硣
СԪҲĺܣȻôʱ䣬ûߵļ󡣲Ҳֲ˶ˡԵԪǴŵЦ
峤˵һ㶼ûֻǷأԪޡǾԣȴһֱ׺ݹһֲˡһԪ̷ϾͿԸһ䵱նɱ̼峤ƽҲ񣬷Żɫ룬־˵
̲ס˷ܣΪУҪ̼ȫƿˡ
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ΪѰҵͭǽڵȱݣԿǺķ˲̵ʱ䡣
ͭǽһطѧźܴѧǼƷѧֻҪʩչΣԾܷһȱݣͺñԨѧԾͱȽɷȱݡǶطҪѰеȱݣѶȸ
һֱ߶һ񹦣Ѱʩչͭǽط©Ǳҳһĵط
طѧȻͬǣҲ֮ͬߴġֻҪ˴ģǻ϶ȱݣȱǹ˵ҲԵģľ
һ޸ѧԶұ֤ѧﵽȱ
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˽ϻδ˰벽һΣϾȻˡȻɫâȫֵȴƵ˺ˡ
ԣƺԽսԽ͡
ϣһʧȥƿصĸоһսԼҲ޷ȫƿˡУԽЩ
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ǣ˻ϲ
ҰӢȻϲ֮Աͬ΢΢һžԡ
ҶԵطˡԼΪԼĹһȻûȫϵķҲϺˡΪеͭǽڵȱݣôܽϻˡ

䣡
ԣһ㣬ϣҲǲϵĺˡʱԨûа취ʩչˡΪֻҪʩչԨôͭǽڵʹãͱضܵӰ졣
ɲҪСһӰ죬һӰ죬
һˣϻӡĶ֣ǾԣһʱĽֿСƺɱӣսޱȵֻҪԼһ˿ĲͿ϶ᱻץסðʩչԨԱˡ
ԣֻܼʩչͭǽڽз
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ն½ںˡҶֱӴﵽ˾ųɵӣֻһ㣬ܴﵽȫںϵĳ̶ȡ
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ԼͭǽڱƵͬʱϣͷһֵĲҽС
ס֣ԵԪҲһȣӰһ˸Ҫȥ档
ϱɺԵԪһԼӿܱܵ뷨ڣϵطֱӻˡϵ͵ѾھԵС
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Сס֣ԵԪϢᣬŭ
ԵԪӰͬɳһԪӶԵԪɨ˳ȥ


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ڳǰԵԪҪ־ϵսǾԲܣ
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ԵԪֱӾͱ
ʵԵԪʵȻҲǵ龳ǿߣִԣҲѼ򵥵סǣԵԪĲأҪԼˣҲɱ
ɱͻǲɱܾԼĶӡ
СɱҶҶҪʬΣԵԪȻŭȡ
ԵԪǲԼע
ԵԪһӣֻϣ츳ߣҲǱءˣԼ峤ǶҶкصӰ졣ȻģԵԪǾԼҪ
ԵԪŭȣԵǣٴθһĨ׽Цݡ
вң
תͷ
ҾŹϣԼңҲһɸΪ񲯰ɣ
ȻԼԸ뾰ԺͣҲܴӦүүĳ𣬾Կ϶Ҫġʵ㣬һ㹻ǿʵԼҸ֮ʱ
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ԵԪЪ˹ȫԪĶ˫Ŀ죬·һͷҪ˵һ㶢žԡ
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ԵԪ޲̽˺ˣҲ֪Լʱ϶ض
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սԸʵ羰ԣԻɱֻܹԼʵ羰ԡһʼͲͬ뾰ԶսǾڳڣҲ϶֡ϣȻҲɱԣʵľͻǾԡ
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189 ٳ
ԶԳ±ЦЦ
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ϣϣ±пϲ˲䣬;Լ֮ǰĵǳֵá
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ģҶܽǲ̼ԭӵеİй黹ҲǣϵһսǾԱɱĻԼҽУ̼ҲܸҰС
ƽȲ̼ˣįӰȥ
ԣڵһѧԺû͵ߣߵսīĿ޾ԡ
īˡæڻӦ
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ˣζѩϹϵԣȴѩݶ֪ðѩ˹ϵרҵվԡ
ԣ츳ڣԺǰ;һиһ;ڶ࣬ҪߵԶͲκиԺ£ҡ˵
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190 Ҫ
ҰĻʱһЦһ˫۾ʶĿ˿ԡ
ԣУôҰҲԣЦһ䡣
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˵ʵû뵽峤㽫нȻ˵ֱӮصģǾңҲΪעġ
ԵȻ֪һУжôӴ档һУһҲӯϰʯйߣҲܴУȡӽٷ֮ʮǾǴԼʮʯҡеЩ¥ƽʱضҲТеĹߣˮǷǳġ
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ʵϣԶԹУûʲôȤУȻˮܶ࣬Ҳض˷Ѵʱ䡣ڣҪרǽʱ˷ڹ֮ϡ
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˼Ѿˡָ𾰳ҰרС
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ⲻǶרУʲô
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ԣĻԲЦһ
⾰ԣ飬Ǵ󷽰ӮУԣ˼ǽǧöʯ
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λǲҪýʯˡԣ鿴˶üִȻļ˵
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ܱôԼԺھڣΪ峤ϣҲù
ԣԣʵļȷ档
ȻھԣĿ⿴򾰴֮󣬾Ҳԣ飬΢΢ĵͷĿдɫþԣ΢΢һ𣬾ǡ
ϾĿǰϵĳԱԾǿҲвϵĵλֻҪϾԸվǵﾰֺηҲ͵ﾰˡ
Ҿ峤ƾʲôһǧƽ׵أԣ飬ӿ峤Ұ
Ұüͷ壬˾ԣһۡ
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ûоԣǾҸܵõСλӦףһеļֵж󣬾´ͣһ鷻еأҲǹ´͵ļӵܣ嶼ڽĻԺ˭ԸΪ֪ȵ
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ԣ͵ùˡ
ЩˣΪͣͻáԽͣǾԽǾ۸䱾۸㡣
羰꣬羰ԣ顣
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ϻѵ㲻֪Ҿ峤ǾҰ˿̣ȥ֪ܡˣĴ֮λҪõˡ

ڳľҳԱУһԱҲ١峤ҪõĴ֮λҲһ仰ģҲҪڳĳϺܹͬСͻлᡣ
ҾЩˣڳʱ峤ͬ⽫ҽȥȴҪҽȥѵ峤ȨҪ𣿡
ڿ˵Ϊ˼壡Ϊ˾ңǵʱȴ˾ңֻԼȻĴϺܣûĿõʱĳ̬ãڳ¶ù𣿡
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ɫҲԽԽ԰סԹ޵žԣͬӣû˿η֮顣
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ʱľԣ飬Ƿǳǳں޵ģ֪Ҫ군ˣֺαڸղţվԷȥ

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ڴ֮ǰٳԼҿƵĶҩ꣬ɾĸ֮УΪӴҩꡣԼҵҩʦҲõġԼҵҩȻѹּҺ;ҵҩ꣬ҲϾɱĵز
Լ˿вʦæôԼҵҩ꣬ɵѹҺͲ̼Ƶҩꡣ
һҩⲻУеðͻôҵķ̶ȣͿ֪ˡðߣȥˣǷҵӣ⻹ܺõ
뼰ˣԼˣԵԪжû
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峤̫С°ˡİڰ֡
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磬ǰԺһȹŮܲͻȻһתЦĿⷢ˵
ԵԪˣ⻰ж΢΢һ
ԵԪ˿Ҳǰɫ
쵰ԼҲ죬ѾĸԼҵŮԳԱˡ
ϣȥ죬ҵеŮ͵ڡԵԪȻŭϻôЦݣԼϷԸ
ǣ峤üͷͷӦ


193 ¥ѡַ
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ŹȵľǣĴӦ̵ĹԱҲæµĺܡ
Ի̵⣬Ȼܲ
ǴӾǧöʯ㽫Ի̣ᵽ˷бȽϷĵشģҲڣÿӪҵʱ䶼ܴﵽǧöʯҲܴﵽϰöʯһµһǧöʯҡ
ȻæµǾãԼҵĿꡣ
Դһȶϵ󣬾Ƿ˺ܳܳһʱ䣬һʱûûʲô˼ˡڣַԼļֵ
ڵĻԻ̣ȻǺܴ󣬵ǾģֻҪʮʱ䣬ӪĻԻܷ̾չΪһָ̡
æµţ⣬ֽһɫӰ
ɫӰֱĹ̨
СӣҪŶӣ
СһŶŶӣǣɶ˺Щʱˣ

׼Ҫ뾰ǰæߣ׷׺ȣɴ۾ɫӰ
ŶɫӰ˿Щߡ
̵⣬
ɫӰȻǾԡ
΢΢˵ͷҲֳЦ⣬ѾæµӰʱ򣬾ǻûп
壡ԣЦŶԾǽһ䡣
ţǣȻ̧ͷĿ⿴˹
ԣǣȻĳ
ţԣ
ڵڶߣ֣ˣ΢΢һһˣɫ䡣
Ȼ˵ھնɱһ£ڲŹȥʱ䡣ǣٳǾųϵߣѾ˴ԡ
ղžԽʱЩ˻ûһϳΪǸ벻ССĻԻ̡Ի̣۵ȽϵͶˣһõҲƷˡ
Ի̣ʲô
Ǿҵľԣ
Ǿԣһ档ûǾԣ
Ҳ࣬ᣬ˵ֻʮ꣡
һʱ䣬ԻڵĿ⣬ۼھԵϡ
ǣҲٵŹ˹ĿУϲ֮顣
Կž߹ҲǰתͷʵԽԽǿò˶ãܰﾰ壬Ūö֫ĵҩʱƲֵҩǵǣҲܹһöҪʯҲһҪﾰŪһöҩ
ԣôˣǰЦ档
Ҳãɫǰ˺ܶࡣԴˣԵȻҲϲá
ҳ壬еҪ˵ЦЦ˵
ȥ̸ǵ
壬Ҫһˣ⣬ͣһ¡Կ˿ܵߣֶԾ˵
⻰ܵߣʱЩü
ЩߣʵԽϵ͵ģû̫Դ̫õ֮ԻԻ̣ΪȻȽϵͶˣ˵ƷȴҪط۵ͬεҪò١
Ҫһ㣬۸һ㶼ط۵ͬ
ԣԸ⣬໨һЩʱ䣬Ի̹
ھҪͣ⣬ôҲ˵ǽòˡ˭ƶü
ǣȴֲ˵ʲô
ǰˣǿǾԣԼҵ϶նɱľԡǣûбǾԣ˵ˣԾԸգ˾ԣǾ㾰Խɱˣƶûκεѹ
ϲ˵ʲôȴ϶
λ˼ҳȷʵҪ飬ʱ䣬ǶԲסˡԣֶЩߣ˹˵
仰һ˵ܵߣʱࡣ
˼ҾүǾҵүʵôǿߣЩͼߡмǰûκεļӡ
Եһ仰ǾϺйʣ˶ЩƮƮȻ
Ҳװ˷λʱ䣬λԤһɾۡЦ˵һ䡣

ۣ
Ǿ𣿾ү㲻ᶺɣ
һЩӽϴߣɴ۾ڡ
Ƕ֪ʵͶǺܵ͵ģΪȽϴټϣԻ̵ƷʶȽϸߣʹõĲϷ㣬󣬾͸ͣҲһɵˡ۳۵ĻǾ͵˵Իǵûκεˡ
ȻģԵ˵ͷ
үôܻᶺأү̫лˣٹ㵢ʱ䣬Ҳԣܵȣʱ䡣һòߣЦ˵
һʱ䣬ܾ۵ŻݣЩʵϵ͵˵ϵڱˡǣɶûм屳ǻȡԴҪ;ǽʯɽɱޣ׬ȡʯ൱ĲףȥҪԴ⣬ʡһʯʵǺѵġ
ڶһʱ䣬ٺķһЩʯôܲԸ⣿
ڶߣһĶûС
˵ʵ㾰ԺǿӲҪǹԻ̣ǶԲ˵֣Ǳ鼸䡣ڣү̬ȺãܾŻݣ
ƹģԤĻǰɣҲˣЩ̫ġ
Ϊ֪ϰ壬Ǿǡǻ᲻ͬ⾰ԵĻǻһء
ȻģԶ˵Ǿˣạ̊́ǾԵġ۾Ц˵
̣Ǿүģ˶һ㶡
ڴ֮ǰ֪ǾԵĲҵȻЩ񣬵Ҳû̫⡣үʲôһĲҵҲİɣ
ڡ
ƽϢе⣬Ѿָ
ԣҵĵض𣿡ĳϾӢ΢ЦԾѯʵ
УھĳϾӢԭʸĻӢȻʵǿҪУЩʸ񡣵ǣ֧־ӢУ峤ҲûκԱȻҲ˶Դ˱˲ȴҲ첲Ťȣֻͬ⡣
ţһذɣԣָŲԶһط
طȽϺʣڷеġҪ˵Ψһвһ㣬ϣȻڶھҵģɻңھֱӿ֮¡
ȻҲʲô⣬ֻҪһ£һЩԴǣӦҲǻһط
ãǾһذɣͰšӢͷ˵
壬Ҵһϣһ¥Ժⵤ¥ͽԣֿߵľǡоǹҪ¡
ʲôһסˣ
أɲССĻԻ̿ɱȵİ


194 ԵĹ
Ǳ㣬ʮʱ䣬Ի̾ӪΪһָ̡
ǣһڣ׶ģ̣ҲԺͨҩȡʵϣ߸Ͳһεĵ̡
һ㣬κһ߶һǵȻҲ
ڣҪĵ¥ռشﵽһǧƽ׵ĹģҪͶʶʯ룬ҲҪʮöʯɣ
ԣȴֱҪⵤ¥ǹҪǣжΣ
ԣЩװɣ
ǻع󣬵һʱ뵽ģǾܾ£Լܽ¥Ӫã
壬˵ȴ΢Цžǣҽһ¥ȫҸ˵ģϵղܾӪΣ㶼Ҫκεĸ֪ڸ˵ʱ䶼ϣûжľ¥⣬㣬ܰҾӪ¥⡣
򾰳ǵĿ⣬ǳϣҲﻰ
ȻھԿĵ¥ǲⱾġҩƷڶٳǣôκҩ⣬ȣ
ڻԻ̵ҲˡţھӪϵ츳Կ԰ⵤ¥⡣
⡭ǻЩü̫ˡ
Ǽǧöʯ⣬еסǹϵʮʯ⣬һŪˣô;Խ
壬Ҹ磬ҩʦҸڵ¥æҩϣһЩоҿԺҸ罻ŶԺ·аЦŶԾ˵һ䡣
ʲôԣҩϣҲоӢȴ΢΢۾
֪Ҳδ˵ҩϻоǱ˵⻰ǿܻΪԷſڿ˵󻰣Ǿ˵⻰һġ
ֻǣʲôʱ򣬶ҩҲоˣ
⾰Ե̶ȣҲ̫˰ɣô죬ʵôֲȻҩ
ҩʦɲôóΪģ
ǵģһʱ䣬оһЩҩҲвٵĵáЦЦĳϾӢ
ʵϣҩûʲôоܹҩķȫΪǬռյǬϢ
Ȼδ֤ͨǬƵҩҩЧ΢룬һ񹦵죬Ǭôƽӹ
Ҳ㣬Ժѡַö֮󣬱ȥһ¥ĲϣȻһҩȷԼƳҩЧڸһ۸ࡣЩϸڣҲȥ˽⡣
ԵĻ񣬶ʱ
ĶӾңȷʵһҩʦǣڵĴȴǷǳΡΪûҩʦټϣҲû̫Դģҩʦ·ϣߵúܼңĿǰֻͼҩʦǿһЩͼҩƷʻ̫á
֪ҩʦȻȵʦͬҪԴҳ˵ͨߣЩҩʦǵʦĳѧߣҪĴĲϣһЩ
˵ԼҩҲоԽ̵ңôֻܲǶƤëѣǻ˵ĻȻܣ
ңӣ
ȻҲϣԼĶгͷصһ졣
ԣ֪ͨһ۾ĵ˵ͷ΢΢Եޱȵļ
ǣԻ̡ЩлԻ̵⡣
壬ԻֻҪͳһ¾ˣҪ±عסʱ䣬̼ͽܳҪģҲͨ;ֱӹһЩƷߵЦ˵
ҲУͷ
ʵϣڴ֮ǰѾڽ̼ѧͽҪԻ̾Ӫ׳Ͳָһ˶ǾǲԲȲҹͣ죬ֱܶ
ڻԻ̳۵ĴһͨĳЩ;ֱӹһҲѧͽġ˶̳۵ʮ֮һԺ̲ģ˶ռȾ͸ˡ
ԣߣھȥӣǵϰ̸̸Ӣ΢΢һ˵
ھѡе֮ϣѾΪҲҵĽ⣬ǱʹáңҲǿӣǶԷкͼӰ졣
ȻˣԾҵʵǿǣҲǿġֻǣ²ߣ򲻵ѣԼҲʹַ
ߣȥ̸̸Ҳͷ
ȷһͿԽһϵĽȫȻؽһưĵ¥ԵĹ룬Ҫⵤ¥ھʹΪٳĵ¥û֮һҪѹԼҡ


195 ۸
ԣһӣһҲҾҲҵӵϰ壬ֻʱöѡԼҲӦֻаҾ͵ڣӦ̸
ˣһ治֮ǰӢԾԽ˵
ӢеĹߣԷ֮κһӣȻҪ˽
쾳˵ǳͨ˷ǳ࣬סÿһӵϢھӢ˵ס
ĳϣ˸սӣһֵӣͿӭ
ˣ֣һмߣҲӵˡ
Ӳ󣬰ڣҲֻԱ
֣ȻѾʶ˷µĹ߾Ӣ
еĹߣ˵϶ҪһʱͰͽġԵӢһ߽Цݵıܹޱȹļ
֣Ӣ˵ͷ
ǾүλǾӢֽܾԺ;ǡ
үϷ΢΢һ£η˾һۡ
ǰڳ飬ȻҲ֪ˡǰλߣǿʵǿޱȵĴڣӶ
ǴˣֶԾǼ
ϰ԰˰֡
ֻ֣Цţ֪⼸λҵĴԼڣҪʲôѵ򼸼·
·඼ͨĳֻۣ·˵һõġҵĴӦòС·Ŷԡ
УЩģ
֣ǹһҪӢֱ˵
΢΢һ㶡
ϰ壬㣬ϣ㣬óӡұˣһϣ½һ̡ҲûĨǡ
Уʱ⡯һ¡
óӣôã
Ȼ󣬼ֵҲߣһ޵ӡǣﻹѹ˲ٵĻﰡóʧܴ󰡣
Щ˵ʧʲôɶ˵óȥɾͳ⵰ˡ
ǣԾЩܹܾܾˣǻʲôĺܲǮƱסԼСס
һ˫С۾ϵ亹ˡ
ڵļԱҲվԶǿɲ˵ǾãԼϰҪùˣӱүˣǵϰ壬˵
ֵı飬ԶʱЦЦܲµе뷨
Ӣ֪ԴôҲ˵ֻһԿš
ϰţҲװҪóӵġӣ޵ģаԼڡĳϣӵ𣬰ʯǶԳ˵ֿӢʡ
Ӳ󣬰𣬴ʯҡ֣԰ɣӢһ˵
ԡԵġ΢ľګĵ˵ͷ
𣬲ʯӡǣֻʯ⳥Щô죿ЩǴͷȻ˵ЩתߣתƵȥҪڷһ棬Ҳô򵥵鰡
֣Щ࣡
ϰ壬˵
һ⳥ʯʧȻڣڲĵضΣһӣӣЩ·ڶǣЩ·ȫҪʯռ۹򡣡ЦŶ˵
Ǻܲˣûѹ˵˼
ȻˣͬóĻԿ϶⳥һЩʯԷϾǸԷһ鷳ҲҪԷһЩת÷ѵġ
ʲôԵĻʱЩ
û뵽ҪӣȻ˵ĿӣǿޣǲˣǾԾͽЩȫ
УǶԾԣЩм
Ҫ֪ϣȻйڵġǣҲһǿʳ磬һʵΪʵǿǰûɽ㾰ǿ뿪ȥǾԲУˡ
ǰһȥǺһͿܺڶٳĳһ䣬ڻĽҰ⣬ʬ嶼˷֡
үҡڸһӣ𣿡ͷתǲ̫ȫžԵĻЩľ֮ǰ˵ֻ˵Ŀ׻仰Уźǿ̽ԡ
ȻԣЦŵͷ
֣Ժ㵽ңԸ㰲޸ĵ̣ҲŻݡӢҲЦŶ˵
ԵĴʽӢҲǳ⡣ܲѹˣ۸ߣӢкͬ


196 Ѹ
һӵת⣬Ǵˣ
ˣԶڶ֮ǰһ̣Ϊ㡣ģҪ֮ǰķӴöࡣһռܴﵽƽףİƽҡ
ԣӢվھߣӣüͷ΢塣
̣֮ǰķ̲ͬӹģСҽǾӵеĲҵֺܺ˵̣ȴھңֻλڷڣܵҵĹҪ򾰼ҽһ˰ѶѡӢ˵
֮⣬ҲѾˣ̵ϰ壬ƺǺ׸㶨ˣҪ׼Դ˼ӵˣȻҲ˽һ
ֻҪԸ⳥㹻ʧһͬתõġԿӢЦЦ˵
ڣѵ˸ҶԾʨӴ󿪿ڣ
ֻҪԷ̫ףҲ⳥һʯԷĿǰҪǣ㽫¥Բڽ쵤¥˷̫ʱ;
ţӢԵĻҲ˵ͷ
ˣ̧֮ڡ
̵ϰ壬·ӣȻŪƷƷСĿɨܣгӳ뾰Ե֮ڡ
ƷﵽƷֵͨ˵ѾǺѳܵˡкܶĸ߼ߣûһƷʹá
˽Ӻһɫ¶ӣ۾˹
ĳϣɫӣԾӢ΢΢˵ͷĿھϣλһٳǵľүˣ
ˣȻһӾϳ˾ԡ
ǾԣǴ˼ӵϰ壿ԿԷʡ
ؾүĻ̵ֻܣԽɫЦеĻӦԡϳԣϵı飬ȴûʲô仯ԺʹϵİèҲûʲôͬ
ӵˣڣӢ˫֣ʵ
ƹĸڵУ֪λҪƹģк£ɷ˵˵ϵı飬Ӿ˽󣬾ûжı仯
һ⻰üͷʱһ塣
ӵϰ壬ǺܸӰԿɲţһ̵ܣûеõϰ£˵ĵӡοʱվڵλˣһеĹߣһٳǿľšô˵ҲǴˣ
̵ϰ壬ĶԾ˾ηҲӵһȻһӵܣûôְܳĵһ̵ܣ
Ӣ뾰Զһۣ˵Ŀ⣬΢΢͸һɵĺ⡣
ˣȷʵҪϰ壬˵Ҳǿ㽫ϰгɡϰ壬ǽǰɣӢ˰֡
ȻѾܲãǾӢΪһ̵ܽ档
ǣĳϴˣƹĴʱӦ֪ܲٹ˵һ䡣
ţӢʱЩŭˣ۾Բ
;ԣϲ˵ˡǣ̵ϰ壬Ҳ̫˰ɣǴʱûҲˣɴ֮ڣȴ涼¶ʲô˼
ȥУȥУôϻӢ۾һɡ
ĳϴ˲ҪȥͨǣӢĶŭЦ仰תŶȥ
㣬һݻķڡ
˵Ӣԣҵˣһɫۿȥʮӣ۾зһֱߣʵ
ǵģ˵Ҫƹ㣬ʲô£Ҳ˵ƲƲһı顣
վǰɫ۵ӣ̵ˣ
Ŷ˵Ǻ£
ǺǣȻԸ˵к£ҪҾ˵ĳϣйߣ䣬ҲڵҵŶԡ
ô뿪ɣӰ⡣Ӷһֱۣ˵һ䡣
̬Կȷʵǲ̫ӢԿһˣӢˣǱض̾ӭӳȥȴͲ̫⡣
д󣬵ȻҲеġ
Ȼڶٳǣûʲô̫ĹϵǣȴִݡĸףһԱ
ԣû̫ٳǾң̫¡
֮ǰԼҺͲ̼ƿеʱĵ̣Լһļ֮£ֻҪɼٵ˰ѼɡԼңǿϵϣŻˡ
ڣҲӦͬͽŶԡոӵܣѯʾӢΪ£ӢȴֱӻӦͬΪ


197 ʨӴ󿪿
ԼҶмӣ㾰ңʲô
ǰҲôףбҪ㾰ң
ֱߣЩԥ
ƹģֱӸߣǲǻﾰңУϾѾƿأĳϾӢǷеĹߡ΢΢ӣĿ
ǾԣȻͲ󣬵ھҵλѾˡ˵ˣ䶼ǳŴҲ֪˺ͳʲôϵ˵һ䡣
Ŀ˸
΢˵ҪңҾ͵üǣңǺûӣȥ˵˵æûʱǣ´ɡ
ȻǱ߻ˣɵҲûԴĿ˵ĵزǣѾԱ˵Ĺάϰߡ
ǣ̬ȱȽϼͷӦ
Ǻǡƹģæˣ
ʱ򣬷⣬Ӣ
Ӣ;ԣ¥µƬ̣¶棬ǱԼϵ˶¥ҲĶԻ
һ¥ЩͨԱȻǲҶԾӢġ
ĳϣ˫ڣһЦ
ܿ죬˲˼
ˣ̤뵽֮ڡ
֪ĳϵʧԶӭ벻Ҫλϣûվֻ΢Ĺ˹֣Ц
Ӣͬһ
ֱ˵Ϲ֪Ӣ˵⻰˵ŰңʶĶԻѾӢ
ʱ˵ĻҲԵζţͲ⾰Ӣˡ
ƹ񲻱ؿӢ˿ڰ˵
ʾ⾰Ӣˣϡ
Ӣ˿ԣЦŵͷ
ˣߵһ
ĳϣ֪ʲôӣǰʱ˰ѵģֹЦʵ
˰⣬ȷʵһҪƹ̸ԣ˵Ӣԡ
ãӦһ
ƹҾֱ˵˰ɣĿת
ڣԵȻˣ֮ǰĳ˵Ӳ̫øĺˡļһԲ̫ӡ˵ٶĿҲãֱ˵⣬䷴ӦΡ
ӣ֪ƹԸԸԵ
ţ΢΢һ㶡
û뵽Ե˹Ҫӡ
Ц
ү㲻ڿЦɣңҪҵӣȫûгԼ̵ͷ
ƹ񣬲ǾҪӣҸˣҪӡ΢Ц˵
΢΢һ
⾰ԣʲô˼
ӣȻģǺܴ󣬵ǼֵҲ͡Ҫ㲻ҲҪöʯϿȫǿҪӽʮʯС⾰ԣóôʯ
֪ʵǿǣһʮߣóʮʯǿ
Ҫ֪ҵһ棬ȥֿ֧ӯĿҲͶʮʯӡһʮľԣһóʮʯ
ȻǲšҲһóôʯֻ
ôʲô˼ĪҪһԶг۵ļ۸ԼӣҪãҵѹԼ
뵽⣬ɫʱͱˡͺ۸۸ͷϣҴˣ
үڿЦžԡ
ƹڿЦ𣿡ЦЦ˵ƹӣҲĵϣܽתøҡ۸˵
ү֪Ӽֵ𣿡˵
һЩ˽⣬ղҲһڵĿӱһ£żֵ߰ʯɡԵ
¥µʱ򣬾Ծͽڳеһ¡ȻܻһЩڲֿûóҲ̫ࡣ㣬Ҳᳬʮʯ
Ŷ˵ļ۸ҲЩ⡣
ԣĴ㹺ˡ
㣬ʯӣüë
ԣֻҪƹԸҿ֧ʯԵͷ˵
Ǻǣү̫żˣӣûд۵ģȻǾүҪҲܲӡǣʯļ۸̫һ㣡۾
ĿǰΪֹ֪ҪҪʲôǿƺǺӡҲȱʯûҪתָԡȻôǲһЩʯôУ
ƹ˼ҪʯԸأüʡ
ţأг۵Ļ۸ʮʯҰɣأ棬ҲкܴǱڼֵؼǣұˣûԸӡү㣬Ҫ򣬿ӣʮʯɡͷһתֱ˸ʮ
֣ӢĿⶼˣ
쵰ֱʨӴ󿪿ڰ
ֵԲʮʯ۵Ĳ֣ҲʮʯھҪʮ򣬼ֱǽԵӰ
үǲܽ۸ҲͰĪˣֽ˵һ䡣
ҪʮȷʵʨӴ󿪿ڵͷʵϣԸʮʯӣҲܳӡӱֵǴﲻʮʯģһ㡣
ʮʯȫٵطһӣܽ಻١
Ҳ˾ּۻ۵׼Ͼ漰ʯǿߣҲ᲻⡣
һΪĿϵ˵ʮ򣡡
壬飬ƹ̶ɣǿöԶһԵľǵ
ãǵ˵ͷ
үȻˬ죡ǣôˣֱһӣЦ˵
ʮ׬ˣ
⾰ԣⰡʮӣʯûط𣿵Ȼ˵Ǻ¡
ھôôʯⲻҪ飡
ƹǾȸˣתˣҳ壬졣վĮ˵һ䡣
ٶ˵κεķϻʮʯ۸ǸˡǣĲ˷Ѹʱ䡣
ȻˣԺԵҲԲġ
֮⣡
ԣ۸̫˰ɣӢüԾ˵
ڣǰӢҲ˵̫ࡣҲ֪ԼŽ쵤¥ֻǶ໨ʯ˺۰Ӣ۷ǿߣʯҲȫĲ⡣
ǸˣԵͷĳϣ˵ûѸ㣬īȥ˷ʱ䡣ԺҪУȻҶڣ


198 
뾰Ӣ;Ǹ𣬾һ뿪кûϻصլԺǵ˶ٵһ¥
ʱҪԴó۵ˡ
ҪʯĵطкܶࡣеǿȻҪʯ򣬵ǽ쵤¥ƵҩĵĲϣҪõʯ
ͬҪԴ
ԣ
һ¥ڣ˵Ͼӭ˳
ܣԶȭ
Ҫ۵Դ࣬Ҫɹݣæ;Խʡܶʱ䡣
ңҲһǳԸӴԡ
Ϊһ¥ܣһЩСͻҪԳӴǶԴͻȻҲǷǳӵġеĽ׶࣬Լ˵Ҳо޴ĺô
ٵһ¥ǳĲҵҲֻһӶĹԱҵãȻôࡣȻΪܣڵһ¥ڲҲо֡
ң£ܿ
˵ʵжԾı֣ҲǷǳ𾪵ġˣ뾰峤ϵȽϺãӾȥ뾰ͲˡԾԣһֱֻڣĳɳٶȣԶԶԤϡ
ȻģѾԣŵԼͬȵλá
ڲǰ뵽ԴʱֻǵһΣԱĻ棬æþԽ̶ʱ䣬ԵĸʵʹﵽܹնɱǿߵĵزҲֻھѣ˵Լܻϣ
ϣȴھС
£һЩõԴȻһЩݡЦŶ˵
ŶüͷЦЩȻ
ڵһ¥һ㣬רչԴĹ̨
һ˵ڵһ¥ԴֻҪչ̨ɡݣͬҲҪܡ
ҪȻÿһ˶ܰæͷۣҲæ
ǿߣһҲҪܽס
û⣡Ȼ΢΢ЩǺˬĴӦӣҪԣ˷һЩʱ䣬Ҳʲô
ȥ̸뵽Լİ칫䡣
ԣҲоЩãܲµ뷨⣬ڿҪ۵Դ󣬾ͲκεĲˣ෴Ļ˷ܡ
Ҫ۵ԴɲǼټǧʯĽ׶ǸߴﳬʮʯĽ׶һ¥ȻǶٳҵԴ׻ÿĽ׶Ŷ٣ƽһҲͼʯ˲ˡ
Ȼһ¥ٰύףС
ԣҪʲôԴȿȻҽ˰ЦŶԾ˵
ָڵԴԽһöɫĿռָݸ
ֽ˹ȥ
Ԫ΢΢ת
ţ
ʲô
ָڵĴԴϵı飬Ȼһ䡣
ָڵĸԴȫԤϡ
ںڷڱնɱŵϣõԴһ˵ġǽһЩԼҪԴǽָڵԴӴ
ԣЩԴҪۣ΢΢һ˫ĿƵĿԡ
ǵģöռָ΢Ц˵
öռָ⣬ϣöռָöռָԼҪһöȻǬռ䣬ϲһöռָͻȻóʲô󣬿϶˻ɣҪһöռָ˶Ŀ
һöҪ͸ʹáԣ۵Ŀռָֻеݸһö
ȻǺܵͼĿռָɼֵҲǧöʯܴﵽ߰ǧʯռָڶٳһҪвõ
ããͷ
Կһ£΢㣬֪Գ۵Դǳʮʯܴﵽʮʯ
ǣٵһ¥еĴס
ԣȥֿ˵;ԼԺ;Խס
ãԵͷ
ٵһ¥Ĳֿ⣬ޱȵӴ
ԴֻúݡָԴӦоСвϡȱԴֻвŻ
ԵļʶԶǰöˣڿһ¥ֿڵԴȻĸ̾һԴɲǾұܹȵġ

ܴˣ
һ¥һڣһɫӽ뷿䣬һȹŮӼ
ʲô£ȹŮӣ̧Ŀϵʵ
ŮӣҲǶٵһ¥ܣࡣ
ܴ˻žȥ˲ֿصأӣ̬ޱȹ
ţϢ΢΢һվĿһƹâ΢΢˸
ǵһ¥ܡҲǵһ¥ܡ
ǰȻϵǺܺҲû̫ìܡڲͬˣٵһ¥ĸ¥ְ񣬿ȱˡǸ¥ѡң¥ڽھͻᱻ
ԣһʱ䣬࣬ҷκεĴΪһԷץסѱôǽ¥ְ񣬹˶Է
վǰĺӣڵһ¥ڵĸҲѡһһ඼ָơ
һ¥Ĳֿ⣬ɲһܽġ
ڵһ¥ڲҲֻȼˣܹʸֿصءڣȴһ˽ֿ⣬Ȼһ˵󲻴ҪûץţҲֲĻͲκ⡣˵СҲСؼʱ̣κһ󣬶ܱ޷Ŵ
࣬˲;ãԼĻˡ
ֻҪץסô¥ְλкܴܣ䵽ԼС¥ְƺѾˣ
ǸԡۣǷЦ
࣬ԼҹϵʮܡԼдĲɹ֮ͨ֡ܳΪһ¥ܣԼѲ˸ϵԼҶԾԵ̬ȣô᲻֪
࿴һ¥˽ִžȥ˲ֿصأ϶Ҫͨ˽Ȩͼ۹һЩѹ򵽵ϡԴ⣬ȻҲΥһ¥صġ
ֻҪҵ¥ˣ㱨¡ôͲܶԸþ޹кܴΪ¥ͬʱֺԼңֱһʯĺûᡣ
ĺãȥɣԺӣ͵˵һ䡣
ӦġĻҲ¶Цݣĵ˳ȥ
ҵģɲҪλᣡҳΪ¥ĺӣҲ͵ͷˣ࣬Ŀૡһ䡣
Ҳ뿪䣬¥ڵķ˹ȥ
һ¥ڣҪĿͻڴ׵ʱȷʵǿڱֱӽеġ࿴ԾԲǴͻ
ͻһ㶼һǾңϵĴͻǾԣܴҲɹȻܡ
ɹԴֻ峤ǰԼÿδڲɹ峤ԵԪ


199 ¥Щʧ
ٵһ¥ֿصڣ
ԣҺƿԱķ㣬㽫Ҫ۵ԴֵܼΪʮǧöʯԾЦ˵
ߣվһɫӡ
˽ƿҵһ¥ֿĹԱɲҪСֿԱڶٵһ¥Աĵλ˿֮¡ĲֿԱ屦ܲࡣ
뾰ԽףҪƿڳҲΪ˱⣬˰¡ƿԱ֤뾰ԵĽףȫΥһ¥κι
ȻԵչۣҲڹ֮ߵչۡϾԳ۵ԴǷǳģһ߼չǺ顣
ʲô㻹ҪɹôԴ
ԽһдԼİֽݸǳԾе
ԣɹôʲôѵΪ˾Ҳɹģɻʡ
ǵûĻӦڲǰһδڲɹ
һ壬ÿһֻ꣬һδڵĲɹȻǲǰŴڲɹһΣھֲɹʮöʯݣΪʲô
ܣЩݣԼҪģ޹ءҪݣҩʵʵ˵ҲûʲôҪģĵ¥þҪڶٳǴһ㲻Ҫκεıܻ䡣
ԣ˼ǣҩʦҩſڡ
ƿȵı鿴žԡ
⾰ԣһ;ϣ츳ҩ⣬Ҳ̫˰ɣʮͰɣ
ԣԵͷϡ
ԳԼҩƿ˿
㾰ҩʦҲҪһԲɹôݰɣһҩʦһβɹǧʯݣǱȽ϶ˡԣȴǲɹʮöʯݡ
ôݣö೤ʱ䣿
תҲûжԴȰ˵ԡ˼еʯٶݣҲ˼Լ顣οԴӲֵܻͨκʱݵ۶ȶġ˵ңݵ·ҲκӰ죬ֻӻ𱬡
ɹҩֵܼﵽʮǧöʯЩݣƷϵͣ۸ˣ֮ԵĲɹۣҲǹŻݵġԣݵǷǳ˵ġ
ʱڣԿ϶ǲҪеڶݲɹˡ
вɹ󣬾Ҳõһȵʯ𿨡һνףĽˡ
ܣ
ʱ򣬱⣬һ
ţüͷ΢΢һ塣İӦǵһ¥ĻӳӳûȨ뱦ģֻ
ԣҲһͬ˱⡣ѾȻҪ
ƿԱͬ˳
ʲô£ӳ
ܣ¥ȥһˣӳĿھͣƬ̣ŻӦ˵
Ŷüͷ΢΢һ
¥Ƕٵһ¥ȨˡҲǳˣٵһ¥ˡ¥ٳҢһٻټܣкҪҪܽйͨ
ԣӳͻȻ֪ͨ˵¥ȥЩ⡣
ȥæ˵
ܣҪ׼ܸոȥ¥¥ȥƺ뾰үֿصйءӳһ£ǵ˵һ䡣
ţ仰ԵҲȻۡ
ԭһ¥¥ټܣ뾰ûκιϵģˣڻӳȴ˵¥ټֿصйأô¾һϵˡ
΢΢һĨЦһ֣˲뵽࣬²⵽ӦҪŴ£ԼˡǣԼûκΥһ¥ĵط
֪ˣлѣӳֵл
ܣҺһͬȥ˵
ȻԼ˹ϵǾ뿪ҲЩסȻûʲôӴɴʱҲ뵽࣬ƺҪԼܡ̶ʱ֮ڣԶӡ󣬾ֱӵȵס
ԣܻ˽⣡ǰ¥ڷ·ϣԽ࣬ˣڵһ¥һܡԼҹϵܣһܲң㡣
Լң䶯һ¡
ԼǶٳǵһ壬Ӵڷ涼һ¥ڵԱнȻҲ
֪Լҹϵܺ󣬾ԶԴ˵ӡ󣬾͸Ӷˡ
ܿ죬Ժˣ͵¥ڵķڡ
࣬ȻҲ棬;ԽĿеĹâ˸
¥ˣһӰ
ˣٳҢһ¥¥۷徳ߡ
ԣҲĿ΢΢һ´ˡλ¥ȥѾܴ󣬾ȣĿ䣬鵭Ȼ
¥ˣԣҲ΢΢
үٳҢվ뾰¡
лԵл󣬱ߵһ
࣬üͷʱԴӽ뷿ֻǿʼʱɨ͸ûǵ˼࣬зǳĲ
ǵһ¥ܣƽʱͽˣҲǼġ⾰ԣȴ񲢲ӣкûдȻûС
ĸ࣬Ȼܲ
ߣС˵־һߡ
ɫʱһ䡣仰Ȼûָգ˭Ե˾Ǿԣ
ĿתתĶ࣬Ůˣĺᰡ
ܣΪǶٵһ¥ܣӦ֪Ĺذɣ࣬Ⱦѣ¥ûѯʣͱ˵
ҵȻ֪ءĿһۡ
Ҳ֪ΪλȲҪԼǸ¥ְλҪȥ˼֮ǰͷǳˡ
Ȼ֪أȴͷƻأ㲻ãΪܲ׵Ϊܣȴ򣬴ͷƻأⲻǸһ𣿡Ŀ⾧
¥ˣΪѾʺϵְˣ¥˱תĿ¥ٳҢ˵
ʵϣҲ֪Ϊ󣬾ְܽܵλϸϾεһ¥Ѿܳʱˣ¥ΡֻǴȥֿصأ뽫ְλⲻʵ
֪̫ܣ˵һֲԡ¥ὫܰᣬҲһýϸ¥ְλ˰ɣ
УʱǷǳϲġؼʱ̣ȻԼץסһѱ޲ɼԼͲܷͼĴ
ܣʲô˵𣿡ٳҢ
ҲЩʧ
¥ѡھͻṫĵ˵ٳҢƫΪ¥ģҲ֣Ϊһѡύˡǣʱȴˣ¸¥ְ޷õˡ


200 Ƥ֮ͻ
ٳҢӡУԸһֱءΪ뾰Թϵ׽ҲؼʱȨı˽þץסѱ
¥Ҳǿƫ̻
ǴĻӦϴ󣬲ҽ¥óԴҶá
ٳҢĿ⿴
¥ˣȷʵл˵ǴЦݡ
ܣڷ̰ңͳ˵
ţٳҢԭûʲôϣ˫üҲ
ѵʱ¥ûˡ
ĪΪ뾰Թϵͬһ㣬뾰ԽãͿԶ¥ˣ
˲䣬ٳҢеʧͱ˲
࣬дϲϣȴ¶ŭı顣
̰
ܣ㵹˵˵ô̰ģ˭֪뾰ҵ峤ϵãˣ뾰ԽύǺǣǰҲûԾж׽ǲΪ˳ˣ;þüֵˣԣͿ˿˼һ¥Ĺ򣬽Դ뱦صأѡЩϡеӦԴޱȵš
϶Υˡ
Խ뱦صأΥ档㾰ûдеͼۻԴҲ޷ıž˽һ¥ʵ
ܣٺɲҪҷˣҲŭĿࡣ
¥ˣȷʵžԽ뱦ˡǣҲΥһ¥ĵطǵһ¥Ĺ˵ĺԴͻĽףǿֱӵеġȵ
ͻ
̶࣬ЦǰϺ
ܣ˼˵ǵһ¥Ĵͻ¶һ׳յ
յһ¥Ĺأʽ״ﵽʮʯģĴͻ
ԣʮʯֻԴ
ԣʮ꣬Ȼھߣ磬Ҳڰˡһʮھߣóʮʯֻ
㾰Եүү컹ʱҲܰɣ
ǽ˶ɵӣ
ԽǿӲԽϲãΪҲ¥˵ɫԽԽÿ˵ܽһλᣬܵλøȥ
ֱѰ·
ԣԾǴͻƶ
ܣ㲻˵ʮʯֻȫԴ˰ɣЦһ
ܣ㵽ʲôʱ򣬾Կˣ¥ˣһ¥ôԴͻ𣿵һ¥ܣͻ
ʹ󣬾ֽĿ⿴ٳҢ
Сӣ㣬಻㣡Ҫ˵ʮʯֻԴţǲţڵԼɫҲࡣ
үĪ˴ڵһ¥ʮʯԴ¥ٳҢĿʵ
¥ˣ˴ڵһ¥ԴʮöʯǳʮʯܣңԴ˿ͼȵĲأͬãʺϵεһ¥ܡҲҪͻʹǲôͻĵİ˵
ʮ򣿡֣ٳҢһ
ʮʯĽףǵһ¥Ĵͻˡ˵ģȴ㳬ʮʯĽסԼÿδڲɹҲ˰ɣ
ٳҢЩš
ǣ˽⣬Ӧò˵ļٻɣңºܺò֤˵ǼٻǺܿͻᱻʶƣ
ѵľԣλþܺ
ʮʯףǲΣôĵӣ¥ǰҲҴԲѣͲ˵Ļ
˵ʵü
˵ʵ˵ľģΪѾǵһ¥¥У׻û¥ˣǰûҲǸ˵Ϲ಻˵ڣĸ¥ٳҢͼӻٳҢԽǷŭ³ͻԽҡ
֮⣬Ǹ¥ˣţ¥ٳҢ̵ģ
ҿ֤˵ʵ
ʱһ
ţֿԱƿ˷䡣
¥ˣҿ֤үڱڣ׵Դȷʵʮʯү۵ԴΪʮǧöʯүԴΪʮǧöʯΪʮһǧöʯƿ˵
˲ᣬҲģѾ¼ˡƿ˵ţбһ˲
ƿһ֣˵ֱⷬɵˡ
Բ˵ģƿĻȴ޷ɡΪƿˣ˽ڵһ¥ڣҲûκ߽Ҫ˭ǸܣǸٴĴۣҲ޷
ңƿ¥ľšƿƭ¥ٳҢ
תͷϵ亹˲ð˳ãЩˡûΥ飬ڵָ𣬾ıɷ̰ˡ¥ǰ̰һܣ¥ô룿
Ϊؼģ¥ٳҢ࣬ϵͲܡ
⡭⡭
¥ˣǾԿ϶ͨһЩϡԴĽ׶ж٣ҲһΥ˹ܣֵʮʯԴʮʯļ۸񣬳۸˾ԡЪ˹˵
⣬̵Ļᡣ
¥ˣܸ뾰үĽףûκΥĵطүԴǵͼݣûдﵽ̶ȵƷƿ˵һ䡣
ٳҢ˲ϸõз
Ƭʱȫ˽
ܣԼɣٳҢֱӽ˲ͽϸԸࡣ
ҽӵС
һ㿴˵ƣйһɶ
ɾ̫ɾˣ
Ȼ˵չԴͳԴļ۸ߺŻݵġǣܣûκεΥ档
࣬ƺ鷳ˣ¥ְȻѾԶȥˡ
ô죿˼ת
ҧҧһǿ侲ֶݺݵĽĿɨ;ԡ
¥ˣл˵ֺȵ
㻹ʲô˵ٳҢüࡣ
˵;ԣΪ̫ˣŭǵһ¥ĸ¥ȱھͻѡµĸ¥ѡҺкܴϣΪ¥ͨ;޷ңŪֱӵֶΡҵԣ뾰ԺıҸһȦס˭뵽ԻôԴأ֪žȥ˲ֿصأΪܣŸľ񣬿϶Ҫ¥ĵˣ¥죡
죬׵ģӲ˵ǺڵˡĲԣڣȴܴȻķҧһڡ
ҲЩ
ƤȣҪͻ˰ɣ


201 ԵİԵ
زܷҧһڣ
࣬Ҳһ˲˰ɣ
̶ʱڣٳҢЩ˵ˡ
ƤģƤģҲټ˵ʵҾҾƤˣ羰ꡣɾȣֱĪŭЦ
ŮˣһٶԼҪͣ
ΪԼΪһ¥ܣݣ޿ˣԣ޿κˣ
Сӣô˵ģ౻ںƤ񣬶ʱŭĿԲžԡ
ƤҾһ㣡Ŀһ˲Ϣ䣬͵ǰ
ž֣һȥһ졣
ȻŮ˲ҪǾͲˡ
ֻ࣬һ۷徳ߣԾԵĳ֣ǸӦʱ򣬴߶֮ѧٶȿþˡ˵ھ磬ھ磬⧲֮£Ҳܲһơ
˾ԵһƣֱӾͱˡ
ǵһ¥ڲ
ǵһ¥ܰԣֻˣȻڵһ¥ڣ¥˵棬
ֻãϻģһһĸоƺЩ
һȥסˡ
Ȼǳջ𣬿ҲûȥĶ⡣ʵȻǿҲܣܶ֡Գ֣ȴ˿ûгɣѸޱȡ
¥ٳҢЩ¿žԡ
ò㣬ȥȽ˹ģ޷һˣȻܹ˸ɾڵһ¥ڣȵһ¥ܵĶ⡣
ھߣȻĶû
㡭
Ҵңںʱڻָ˫Ŀڣ·Ҫ
ŭޱȡȫԪӿҪ
ž
һ촫
ľ㣡漴ԵҲ
ڶƣֱӾͽԪϨȥ಻ɵ෴ģܴ
ʵ˵˾ԵʵԼ峤֮϶ڳڱɱϢģǾ˵ԣھߵսǣžǶţĿ𺳣ԴһֱҲŻɵ̬ȡ
ڣԾԵʵˣ
˵һǾͻȻ֣û׼˵ùȥǵڶµʱ׼ˣܿԵԼȹҲܡǣĽȴǣͶ㲻ȥ
ζʲô
ζţҪɱûз֮Եʵ̫̫ࡣ
˲תʵˣı͡ףǼֵĻ³ҡ
ʵˣ۾ࡣ
УȻޱģҧ촽һ仰˵ҲǾҵĲ˵ǿҵķŭͷ
ߣ
ǿǵһ¥ܵϣֱӾɱ㣡Ҿԣ֮ǰûгԹɣ㣬ȴҪңΪҺ۸ɣסˣҵģҪǲңǾ͸û£΢΢˺һĿ˵
үǲǡ¥ٳҢüԡ
ô˵඼
Ե࣬Ҳ޹Ⱑ
¥ˣûκ˼ҲûκԶٵһ¥˼ֻһߣһ¥Դȴһ¥ǿ벻̣ҾԣҲƢˣܲûκηӦɣٳҢ˵
ȷʵдǣΪ¥϶дġٳҢü˵
¥ˣ봦࣬ǵһ¥ڲ顣⣬Լ顣Ц˵
Եţ
ʵе
һˣ㱻ˣҲݡҵһ¥¥ٳҢдˡɾụ̂ԸٳҢӣҲᱻٳҢѹڵ¡
һʼ䣬ٳҢȻڼԵʱҲվ̬ȿ֮µĴҲþЩʧ
ԲǿٳҢʼʱҲһ뷨ΪߺţռˣþЩʧ
¥ˣһ£ȸˣֿ˱տڲԵһۣٳҢ˵
ܣһ
࣬ǲʱҡҪ㣬ڵһ¥ڣܾͲôˡеӣұ𡣡ǰЦ˵һ䡣
⻰壬־ҵĲһ¡
ӵһ¥뿪󣬾ԾͻصլԺ֮ڣԸԼԺĻκ˶ôź󣬱رշţǬռ䣬ʼҩ
ͼҩɹ
мҩɹ
߼ҩɹ
ͼⶾҩɹ

һҩٵıƳ
ԣȻڴ֮ǰֻϿйһҩľ顣ЩҩȴһʧܶûС
ҩʱָоͺƹεҩˮû˿ɬ
һҩʦ˵ҩĹǷǳӵģҪСġҩҲÿһζƳɹ˵ҩʦˣǵʦҲܱ֤Լҩаٷ֮ٵĳɹʡ
ԣȴǿͬʱƶҩҩܹͬʱʮݣʮҩܹƳɹ
ɹʴﵽٷְ٣ҩҩЧҲһͬƷҩԱġ
ͱ˵ͼҩƳģЧҪϵĵͼҩЧ߳һأ൱мҩЧ
ϣͼҩļ۸һһöʯƷҩļ۸һöʯӡ
ԾãԼƵĵͼҩۼΪöʯӦû֡öʯӦҲ
⣬Ǳ
ʱ䣬ת˲͹ʮ졣
ʮʱԴʱ䶼Ƹҩٲʱ䣬ʵ
ʮʱȥԵľ磬ҲǴﵽڵ۷壬ǿԳԽˡ
ûмȥҪһЩ׼
һգʣİѬ˳Ͽȵʱ򣬾һõѬʱ˿Ը߽ҩʹһ꣬Իʣ°ꡣ
Ѭǲ⣬Ƴƿҩ
ȽҩƳɣĿҩû֣ͽʥҩˡ
Ըҩһ֡
ҩҪĲϣУҲֻѬ޷򵽡ȥѬ֮⣬ݲϼֵԼǧöʯҡ
ԾãһʥҩƳۼۣҲӦܴﵽöʯɣٳǵڶԼڳǿߵڴǷǳǿҵġʥҩܴߵĽᣬ˭ƴ򵽣


202 С
ȥѬ󣬳ɱֻҪǧöʯۼȴԸߴʯԶٷ֮һǧñݣԵǿ
ԣʼʥҩ
Ͽȵʱ򣬾ʥҩ裬ķ˲̵ʱƳɹǬľԣʥҩԵúˡ
ÿһ裬г
̶ʱ䣬ԾͽѬȫģҲõƿʥҩ
Բûд㽫ʥҩңڣҲҪԴʥˣֻΪ忼ǶΪԼǡүү컹ţǾԻܻһָ壬ڣԲô
Լ㹻ǿ󣬾һ԰׳ڣˡΪүүǾеĿꡣ
Ǭ¯Աߡ
һڣǳƵҩʱˡ
ƵҩҪҩʮֹԣδƹҩҪ˵ûκεƭ˵ġ
һƵҩɹǾԣҲϵĵʦˡ
ʦݣεȵҫ
ͼһʦ˵ǶٳǣǣǶǸ߸ϵ
Ϊθ߰۷徳ߵݣȻǣΪһλʦܵܲ۸ڶĿˣҶײٳǳ
ʹڤʼĿһڤҪĲȡ
ڤһҩѶԽϵ͡
ڤھ˵Ÿ塣Եϣһöӻϵõĸ߼꾧Ҫջ꾧Ҫڤк̺Ĵ
׼㹻ڤ㹻ļƷʯԾͿԳԽھ硣
ҩҪ䷽ҩҲҪ
˵ƵҩҪʦĿҪԶԶҩʦҩҪĿ
ҩʱǳϸ΢ĲǻҲƵҩʱһ˿һĲͻһ¯ĵҩ׻ٵ
ңƵҩҪĲϣֵҲҩҪĲϿɱȡ˷һ¯ҩĲϣǺ۵ġҲǣҩֵôֲһҪԭ
ͼһҩԪ˵ֵܴﵽǧöʯ֮ޣȼƷʯļ۸ҪߡһŹԪ̺ԪƷʯ̺Ԫķ֮²
ԪΪôΪԪ̺Ԫ߸ɵա
һھߣһöƷʯеԪҪʮʱϡҪǻҪʱСչԪ̺ԪˣԪ̺ԪҲӾºͣߵȻϲԪ
ڶٳǣùԪߣԲ̫ࡣ۷徳ߣҲʯԪΪչԪԪΪ٣ھڣ峤ҰʱʹüƷʯ
ʼ
ԣǬϢڤҪĲϣһһ뵤¯ڡͬʱԪת뵤¯
Ḷ́ϾԪǿн̺ҩЧȡȻǿнҩЧ۳ɵ
УؼľȶҩЧʱ۳ɵǽܹȶǳɹȶֻˣôŵҩҲ˲ҩЧɢӰ٣ͬʧܵġ
ԣǱΪ롢͡ȹĸĲ衣
ĸУѶģһȹ̡
˵ǰĽУྭḻҩʦһǵҩʦֻ̾޷̤뵤ʦС
վڵ¯֮ǰԪϵĹ롣
̺ЧϵıƳ롣̣˳
Ǵ
Ƽ򵥣ȴϵҩƷʡ
ĵҩֵȼһȵĵȣһȵҩõģĵȵҩΡȼԽߵĵҩԽ١
Ḷ́ʵĹ̡
ܼĵҩĵȵҩεĵȵҩҲġ
Խ٣ҩԽҩԽյЧʾԽߣҲԽס
裬û⣡
裬ͣͬûκ⡣
һȹ̡еһԸСзֺĴ⡣񣬶ȹһ֮ϡ
еͺȣ˫Ŀйâ˸
һ⡣㾰Բںһ¯¯ڤĲϣҲɱЩš
𣿡ԣԪȫעУ̽¯ڵĶ
ûҩɢ
ԵϣһĨϲһִ򿪵¯ʱŻԲĲɫҩӳ֮ڡ
ţ
ã
ھҪȡҩʱ򣬵ҩ֮ϣͻȻһݶɫ˲䣬ѵļ
ǵʱ򣬾Ըûκΰ취ֹҩѿֻĿŵҩı仯
ۡ
ɫҩȻһһѿҩЧɢһ¯ŵҩȫѿһŶûʣ¡
һȫʧˡ
ʲôط˲ԿʼԼÿһ裬һ㣬ǬϢһŲ顣
ڰʱ󣬾Կʼڶ
ڶ¯ҩڿ¯֮󣬾ԿȻŵҩСЩҩڶݵʱٴѿ
һΣɫ࣬ŵҩջһŵҩûѵһڤƳɹˡ
һĵʦ˵һ¯ҩֻҪһܳɹôɹˡǶھ˵ŵҩסһţȻԶԶﲻԵԤڡ
ԣĽЩʧġ
Ǳ֪뷨ĻһݺݵԡڶƵҩܳɹһţǶôĴڰ
һĵʦͲһʦǾʮϰٴεĳԣٴεĳԣܳɹģֻΣͳɹƳһŵҩĽٵʦ
ƳɹһŵҩҲĵʦˣڤһҩǾھһʦ
þ΢οǣɹһڤȴﵽȣĵȵҩõöࡣ
ڵʦ˵ܹƳȵĵҩǾ˲ˡÿһζƳȵҩУֻҪһγɹƳȵҩôԱΪСˡ
ʦ׺ƳɹȵҩԲűڶ߳ΪСһʦһУܹƳһȵҩǾʵĵ
ԣ۵ҩļ𣬾һҩԪڤֻҪƳһƷʣǾͿԳ֮Ϊ
ɴ˿ɼһȡȵҩҪƳѶж
΢Ϣ󣬾ԿʼƵ¯ڤǰľ飬ǵڶƳɹһڤࡣ
¯ڤҲţȹ̳ɹšŵҩȫȵҩ
¯ţȹĿš
¯ţȹĿš

ڰ¯ڤƳ߿ţȹšһΣԵ񣬾Ϊȹ̵ĵҩУȻһŵҩȴﵽ˶ȣ


203 ̰
Ƴȵҩʲô壿
ǣȻһʦȴѾСˡֱǲ˼鲻ֵܳ顣
Ȼ˵С͵ƺţƵĵҩûֱӹϵ
ǣҪƳȵһҩһʦп
ڣѯκһʦѯʲǵʦߣǸĴһǲܡ
ҲֻЩܹƼϸߵҩĵʦſƳȵһҩ
еһŶڤҲ΢Ц
¯ڤϣͣ
ڤϣĿˡңԪҲǳأƵҩķͬҲķԪǾԵԪ̶ȼΪֲҲư¯ڤ
¯ҩɵʮţǼ侪˵Чʡ򣬿Ҳûмʦܹɣ
ʼָԪҲĿ
Ϣ˼ʱ󣬾ԼʼΪڤûˣƹԪԪҲһҩĵҩ
еߣԼ龳ǿߣԹԪǷǳӴģ
ڶٳڣԪһֻϲŻ֣Ǵ͵綫ٵһ¥ÿһεϡ
ԣһƹԪͳɹ
֮ǰȻûƹԪڤĵӣƹԪ¡һ¯ԪͳɵţԶȴȡ
һȵĹԪϣֵһǧöʯǧöʯҡŹԪֵöʯ֮ϡһ¯ԪĲϼֵǧöʯе󣬺ֲ
ԣڶٵһ¥¯ԪĲϡ¯ԪƽɵʮһţаŶȹԪЩԪֵܼʮʯ
ʥҩ͹ԪڣԣҪԼĵ¥
ৣ
ˮһ󣬾ԾͳǬռ䡣
һαչأԼѾһʱ䡣
еĵ¥Ӧý˰ɣһ¡
һߵ硣
Ľ죬ٶǷǳֲġֻҪ㹻ԴһЩ߽죬һͨĽһھܽϡǱȽӴĽ羰Լƻеĵ¥ҲҪ̫ʱͿԽϡ
һǰгʱ򣬾͸ʮʯֻ𿨡ȥʮʯչ̣ʣµʯһ̵ĵ¥Ǵ´࣡
ԣڵ¥Ľ죬ӦѾɣ͵Լ棬¥ҵˡ
ү
Գ˱Ժס
үǹҹ㣬¡ΪԸǣκ˴ţûþǹ½ıԺһԾԹ˵
Ҳ֪뾰ԵĹϵǶԾǺܿǣǻֹǽ뾰ԵıԺ
ţ֪ˡԵ˵ͷ
Լ϶Ϊ¥飬Բû̫⡣
үǹºеżһʱڣĴʮΣ죬ÿ춼Ҫ㡣˵һ䡣
ţһΣԾ鲻Ծˡ
Ϊ㵤¥ˣҲӦôƵԼɣԼʱ䣬϶ȥİôǳʲô£
Ե񣬶Ȼ
ǣھҿ£뾰ܵĳϾӢ壬ʲô鷳أ
Ҳ벻ʲô⡣
ಣӰչƮ
ʲô⣬ȼǣȻ֪ˡ
ʩչ֮ӾլԺ󣬿м۶ȥ
йûǣǼĳϾӢ
ԣڱչӢԣϾѯʣɫЩÿ
ǣӦĳϣҵĵ¥ʲô⣿
ӢǷйߣԼĵ¥ĿǰʲôһҲ˽⡣
⣬Ǹ⡣ӢɫЩ֪ڸʲôһֱԸת̡Գ棬ͬ⡣
ʲô
ӣһǰ̸ѵҷڣһһƺâӿ
һǰʨӴ󿪿ڣҪʮʯԸת̣ͬˡ
ڣַڣ
ǷˣͬתˡҪʲôҲû˵˼Ҫ̸ӢĻҲŵΡ
ȥǷЦ
ЩˣƺǾƲԳԷƣװʯıˣ٣Ҫࣿ
ҺһȥӢҲŭ
ڣ
ǣûʲô˵ģ˵ģҶѾ˵ˡ̣Ҳתˡ֪֪ÿңӰҵⰡ
ٺ٣ҪǲȰ裬ɲҪҺȥ
Ĵ
ƹģ֮ǰѾͬʮʯתӣҶʯˣôܷڣǡ
£ѾӲ̵ʱˡԽ飬Ȼû취ףзǳĽǶˣ˵û𲻵κεá
ھһֱչأ׸ô£ֻܣÿ춼ĥ
ҲĻʮʯˣƺҪӡˣ̫̰ˡ
ҷҺΣ㾰ңҺΣЦм˵
ǣûʸ̸㹻ϡҪ̸þ̸ŵĺȵ
ɣֱ֣ӽƳӡ
˵ŹȣõľǣҲǸ߼ߣôĶ֣һѣֱӾ͵̣Ǳ˳˺üףһֱӵڽֵϡ
ֵϣҲΧ˲ٵðߣָָ㡣
⸽ڣӣȫˡЩߣȻ뵽أӦǾҴʲô͵̵ġӣԾϰ
ϰ壬ƺӰ
ǰǿ˽оǣǾˡ˵һ̸ֱУҪչ̣Ҳ̶̬ˣ
̵֪ϰ壬˲ھߣǵĴҲҶ֡Ը̣Ҳû취һϢȽͨ˵
ԭӦ
Ǻǣ̣λУԸۣҵȻǿˡһЦһ
꣬С㣬˲ҶôǶԸ㣬Ͳѹһ˶ǺߣһĶ
УǿݺᶫٳǼʮ꣬¾ңǿмƲƲ졣
ˣҲһ߼ߣʵڶٳǣȷʵʵǿˡΧУʵǿ֮һ
仰˵ɫȻһ䡣ţ͵ĵͷȺȥ
һ򣬾Ժ;Ӣ߹ǿȻǿ˾Ժ;ӢŻǰ㶯


204 ɷݶ
Ӣˣ
Ҳһˣ
ȺĿ⣬ת˹ȥžӢ;ԣ֮ǰ
ʱϸһĨ⡣
ԡε̾Ϣһ
壬֪ˣ㲻ض˵Կ򾰳ǵĿͣ뾰ǵûֱӵĹϵ
Ǳǰ裬һδιģԽｨĵ¥
ˣ佲Ȼûõġ˵ȥĻʱԷڣ̰Ĳ㣬ԼݱΪڶٳڣûκ
ǣ̾Ϣһ
ȻûκԼ˼ȻԼûܰþԽ飬á
ԣô죿Ŀת̡
飬ɡЦЦ˵
̸̸ɣϢһӿд
Ӱܿʹڳ
ʵϣھԺ;ӢʱѾˣһֱû¶棬ֱų
Ƕ˼ӣ
ҪþףǾھԡ
̸УҪռ
Ѿ֪˾Ҫأһ¥֮ԷڣҲΪõϢ
¥ж
룬öģһռһǧƽ׵ĵ¥ʮʯתһ̣ǸͲʲô
ռһǧƽ׵ĵ¥ĿܻС˵⣬ҪǲλᣬһŵĻԼԲ
ԣ֪Ҫĵ̲쵤¥̾ͷ֮ǰʮʯת̵뷨
үˣĳϺð̳󣬹һЦ۾˵һ䡣
ǹҲߡ
ƹ˲˵֪ڵʲô뷨Եʵ
ʲô뷨
ү⻰ҿɻ
ǺǣƹȷʵܽЦЦһǰƹ鹺ƹ̣ƹ񿪳һʮʯļ۸Ҷ۸û顣ƹ𣿡
ԵȻ֪װɵ
仰˵ܵڶߣᵹһ
ǿɲ֪֮ǰѾйӴҲ֪ԾȻҪʮʯļ۸չ̡
ܵߣȻкܶʶʵϵ͵ģҲвټʶˣǶҲȽ˽⣬Ȼ̸֪ûôߵļֵ̣ʮöʯļ۸Զ
ʮʯչ̣Ǽֱ˵ˡ
ôˣԣҪǿй̣˫֮ǰѾЭ飬ٴ˿ͷЭ顣
ƺǣڷˡ
ʮʯ̣Ȼڣòˣ⡣
үôһѣһһǰƺȷʵôһ¡Ȼı˵ͷ
ƹʲô˼ʮʯֻʱԽ㣬ȴΪνίεĴµľǴڸϳԵ΢һЩ
ү⻰˵ľͲ˰ʱȷʵ£ҿûкǩЭ顣֮ҾصĿǣһǾãҲ̡̣ҲٵѪʮʯļ۸񣬿̫һЩ˵
ʮʯչ̣Ӽ۸͡
Ǵһʼ̬ǿӲıԼ̣ǾȻܻвҲǿȥ򣬴Լٻһؽ쵤¥ҲԽ¥ģСһ㣬ⶼԡ
ǣʱѾͬˣȴַڣϷˣңϷˣ
þҺ۸
Ժ۸
Χ۵ߣһʼʱ򣬻ΪǾƿУҪǿбó̡ڿ¸ͲǾ
Ȼ˵˫ûǩЭ飬Ϊߣúܶ˲ݡ
ƺҲûʲôõİ취ԸɲһߡھߣʵԾ˵ȻʲôǣȴǾܹӵġ
ҲΪд󱳾Ÿ˶Ծҳɣһߣ϶ûֵŪҡ
ƹô˵Ǿü۸𣿡̧ü
֮ǰͲ²ڵԭĻܹȷˡ
Ҫõࡣǲתֻ̣λᣬõ࣡
ԣ۸ȷʵ̫ˡ̣ҵİ֮үҪȥҵҲܸֻʮʯĻҾͲܴӦˡǵЦݡ
ƹ񾿾Ҫʯѹŭʡ
ǺǣүˣҲҪʯһöʯҶҪЦǺǵ˵
ŶЩɻ󣬡ƹ˻⣿
үҾֱ˵˰ɣҵһ֪үҪأһ¥ҵܼ򵥣Ҫֵ¥룬ھү˵ҲǺ¡˫ԹӮĿһ
Ҫ¥ķݶĿġ֪Ҫ쵤¥ʼѾ⣬Բ¥ķݶͲó̡
ƹ˼Ҫ¥ķݶ
ԣͷ
ƹҪٷݶأԼЦ
ҲҪ̫࣬Ҫ¥ɷݶɡȻ¥Ĺ棬ҲҪ˼ල˵仰ͺ񱻾ռ˱һ㡣
ɣ
˵赭дһھɷݶ
쵰֪¥ɣһ̣ҪȡԵ¥ɷݶ
˵ˮ
ǺǺǡԣ̲סЦ
һʲôûƾʲôҪõ¥ɵķݶ
Ҫ֪Խ쵤¥Լļ徰ңûȾָ¥ȫھԸСһھҪɷݶѾʨӴ󿪿ˣֱǰΣ췽ҹ̷
ԣҪķݶ󣬾̲סЦ˳еŭ⣬Ǹʤ
ԼȻڶٳˣȴòˣԼ۸Ȼ֮һУĬĬתͷ
ԣĪΪҪķݶˣ
ϸһ룬̣ռشƽס㽨ĵ¥ռһǧƽסҪɷݶǺܹȻһ㶼࣡
ҲҲкôӦҲ֪ұʲôҵĲ룬ǵĵ¥ܵõʵҩܵõһЩĵҩԼúÿһ£Ҫķݶ׶಻࣡߰ͷžԡ
ⷬҲЩסˡ
Χ۵ߣһҲɴ۾һԶԵĸо


205 ɵ
ԣҿΪã
Ӧף㾰Ȼڶٳǰļ壬ұļȣʲôļ壬ܸ֧֣
ƾԼҪ¥Ѷȿܻᳬ󡣾Ӫ¥ô򵥵ģ
һҵİǽɾȫһˡżңָ΢©һ㣬ˡ
ԣǲԸ⣬ҵȻҲǿ㣬ǽˡҲͲҪˣǲܵģҲȱʯ
˵仰
̬ȣšһ˿ûаѾҺ;Էӡ
˵Ļ˻Ȼ뵽ҪԵĵ¥ɷݶֱǸԵĶݡԵĵ¥𱬣ûԵĵ¥ͻʽ
ԣΪԲܴӦʱͻȻ˵ͷ˵
ԣĳϾӢԾĿԡ
Ӣ֪ҩʦҲȷԵĵ¥󾿾ᷢչʲôӡǣһȷǾǸɵ¥ķݶǾԾǾ޿
ӣͲܻԵ¥ͶʣҲ˵ǰڵͶʣǾԼó¥֮Ҫɵ
ˣҪ뵤¥ĹôͿԶԵ¥ָֻţҽһЩ߰˰ŵ¥ڹ
ĳϣûϵģзִ硣ԶԾӢЦЦ
ͬɷݶʱϲ
Ŀ˸˼תͻȻԼֻҪɷݶƺеˣӦֱҪɣҲӦҪĳɵķݶ
ûϵ
ȵ¥ɣԲϵͨ͸ԼӰȾԡǲòõ¥ҩϻĽԴӵ¥ȥ
ƹ񣬵¥Ľ裬Ѿ˺ܳʱ䡣ڣǾͲҪʱˣõ¥ڵĹԱȻͽ̲ɡ񣬶˵
ãȫԣ̾Ϳʼɣˬĵͷͬ⡣
ʱһо׼׵ڵþԸոոĿռָЩɲ٣Ҳֵöʯ֮ࡣ
ԣҪɵ¥ķݶ
Ҳ̫ˣ
û취Ȼô죿ѵǿ᣿˵żҵĹϵ
бðЩͨðߣʸ;̸У
ܵĴߣʱȻûɢȥǾۼԽԽࡣ
ʰú󣬾ԣǰһ
λ˺ҪҪˡԣܵߣ˵
ѣЩ߶ɵΧɢ
ৣ
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ѡӢʱɫȻЩ԰ףȸղźÿࡣ
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ֻǱһۣĪѹ
Сӣĵӣ̫ˡӢѵȽϵͳȴһļµĶͺǱĻ档ûʲôȴſµ˲׵ȥ


207 ··
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ҪңӢѲûΪĳ֣ʲôԵͺ񣬻Ҳ޷ס


208 ǿ
ĿӾɨֻһ˿Ѫ޴󰭣΢ģ½Ŀ⿴Ӣѡ
Ӣ㲻ɱԡҡҡͷΪһ龳ǿߣȴֶԸһʮ궼ߣƺҲס
Ҫʲô⣿˵ѾĻᣬȴϧھڣҲˣҪɱľģᶯҡ㱣סʱ̸ߣȻص֮ڣһɱңɱӢѻǵ˫Ŀԡ
Ŀɱ⣬˲
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209 
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û뵽Ի֣ӢѾԶԾȻҶ֡
⧲֮£ڵԪûüת
˵ʵԶ羰ԣ뾰ԿʵͻأĹ֮£⵽ش
ҽһֱ࣬ӱԻ顣
ѪҺתۼͳʧȥϢ
ͻȻ֮䷢飬龳ӢѶûзӦô뵽ѾŹԣȴͻȻɱ֣û˿׼
ӦʱѾնɱˡ
ɱӢѣһͷɫ˲趯
ȫԪƤ򣬷ĹĶĿУ˵Ĺâ
ӢѣҪ嶯ѵżҴ֮𣿡ʱĳֹסӢҪԵĶ
΢΢ü˾һۡ
ҲûԤϵԻͻȻնɱΪ½뿪½ھߵʱȴȻɱ֡
Ӣѣݺݵĳһƣֲĺɫӡž˵ܣ·Ҫʣӡ
Ӣ״ı飬žԣǵ˫ĿڣһƬ졣
֮ǰ˵ǿɱߣҪ֮䣬ȻǿߣɱԣЦӢ˵
ʱ򣬾ȷʵûɱĴ㣬֪żйϵҲ뽫ì̫ڵĵѾܶˡ
ǣӢһҪɱԼþԣΪķŭ
ټϣˣɱҲǸٳǳȥһӢѣ϶ǲôǰԼֵģĲһж֣Ҳһ
ԣһλᣬŪҲʡԺġ
˵仰֮󣬾ƮȻȥӢѣû뿪Ҳûʲô壬϶޷ԾԳֽնɱžǰƣֻŭ
Χ۵ڶߣжȻޱȡ
ǵȻҲ벻֮ǰȻӢѵ棬ɱˡ
ԵĵӣҲ̫ˡгǣһ龳ǿߣһҲûӡ
龳ǿߣһߵģ۷ߣмǿıҲԲҶײ龳ǿߡ
뿪Уֱȥ˶ٵһ¥ڣֽʣͨʯȫɼƷʯ
һߣѡƷʯǹԪһѡԪ
Ǿȴһ
вһ񹦣ռƷʯ̺˿ûϰƷʯ̺ȻҪȹԪֵͼҩǿҵöࡣ
ԣھ˵Ԫȱ٣ƷʯͬҪ
󣬾ԱصլԺٴαչء
һαչأҪھ磬ڡ
ڣڴ֮ϣԪȡƷʯȡڤȡ߼꾧ȡ
ȣƷŵ߼꾧֮ϡ
ʼɣͷ΢΢һ
һ񹦣֮ٵת꾧̺ۻĴǱԷɿڡ
ֻ˲䣬Ծ͸оĲġ嫵ӿڣȻ鼰ȫÿһ
յԽԽ࣬ҲǿʼǴ
ǲյʱ䣬Ծ͸оһֳӯԪ֪ͣҪʼɱˡһɱɹͽ̤ھ磬ʵܹ֮ࡣ
һߣô̵ʱڣ˶߼꾧ͱҪͣЪϳʱܼա
ǾԣҲоһոСģҪȼ
ʱѸȡһȵڤ̷ȥڤڼһʱӿ뾰Եĸʽ
ڤЧԣͬʱԸоȸУɢࡣȡ֮ģһʸС
ڤЧҪȵ̷ݺ̫̫ˡ
ûеʱ䣬ջ꾧
ȸٴδʱ򣬾̷ֱڤܶʼ
ʱһȥӾԿʼչأת۾һʱš
䣡
һգԸȻľ֮ǰһʱȻǳĲȴǳ΢һΣȴǷǳҵ𶯡ԵԻζһ¡
ۣ֮ģһ֣ƾԾɵĳޱȵĸо
Ե˵һɱ䡣
Կĸ֪ԼڣռҪ֮ǰռҲʹţܹԪࡣ
ھˣ
꾧ȻԵޱȣǿޱȡ̶ʱ䣬Ҿͽھ硣ûл꾧ͻҪʱ䣬Ҫʮáԣڳһ˿ϲ⡣
Ի꾧ЧҲޱȵ⡣
һ㶼ûû߼꾧ڣǼ㾰дƷʯ͹ԪҲҪʱ֮ãܳɹھ硣
Ҫ֪ԵԪޱȣһھ߿ȵģҪͻƾ磬һ߸ѣҪĵԴҲöࡣ
ͻƺ󣬾ԵԪ̶ȣȻҲھ߿ɱȣ
ת󣬾ԲδϾ۾ǼšҪȹ̾磬ͬʱմԪ󣬶Ĵ洢ԪĿռ䡣
Ʒʯ͹Ԫʱ򣬱ԴĽպ̷ˡ
ԣռƷʯҲ̷ԪѡķʽǣʹԴ̷һŹԪȻռƷʯЧʸһЩ
ڲһת֮£ڵԪٴѸٵĳӯԵĸʵҲǷٵ



210 ¥

ٶ˫Ŀ³һ˫֮Уȡ
ὫȭԪת˵ܿռڷӿ
ǿ
ҵʵ֮ǰھ֮ʱǿԣڷ·Ҫը
ھԵʵȷʵࡣ
ԵʵжǿֻҪ΢һԱȣͿ֪ڶκ֮ʱǮҳǮ㣬۷徳ΪʱǮҪɱԣԸ޷ֵҪѩ˾ԡ
дʱ˿̵ʵǮ㳤ϣ޷ɱˣᱻԷɱ
Ҳ˵Դʱʵܹһ۷ǿ߿⡣
Ȼˣͬ۷徳ǿߣҲǺܴġߣҲȽͨģվ
ͺδھʱ򣬶նɱһЩھߣǾԾսóҲΪˣŻô˾̾⡣
ԾãԼǿѧطĻǾһЩ۷ߣκԼ
ѧطҪ취á
ԴʱǿѧƷѧѧھУܳƷѧվƷ̫ͣ뾰ԵĸʵЩƥ䡣
óȥ¥ˡ΢΢һһƶӰǳ˷䡣
УԻ͵¥Ѿǽϡ
Ի͵¥㣬ùΪһǧöʯ
ӽöʯĵ¥ģݻ̶ȣȻҪ˵¥ϣǷǳģõȫǼֵϵȲϡ
Ҳǳˣ쾳֮µߣҪƻ¥
ǾǻԻ͵¥
ǰ˵ǾҾԸ˽ĵ¥ûйϵ
Եθڣôһ¥ûʯ
˼ʯ࣬ںһ㡣˵⽨۾ͽӽʯ
ۣǸаʯ찡ҪôʯĻƴƴʯɽɱޣ

ڣգߡðߵࡣΪգǻԻ͵¥ɵӡ
ڻԻ͵¥ʱ¥Ѿˡٳǣ֪ڽһ¥
ߣģʲôôûʵϣ˭ȥﹺҩҲˣһִḯûԻ͵¥⡣
Ҳǣ¥ģٴҪûƷҩһᱻϿɡ
ڶٳڣľðߣЩð߻ʵ಻ǺǿǶҩƷʣǷǳصġ
ǳıԵҩƷʣܶʱֱܹǴжԼ
ҩҩðΪӵҩ֮һҲɱУرҩ
ЩðߣҩƷʣΪСңǴûкܶʯҪʹõģǵͼҩЩЧ˵ҩ۸̫ߣҲò
ԣӾլԺлԻ͵¥

վڽ֮⣬ԶԵ¥ҲȽ⡣ȻѲƣģĵ¥ڶٳǣŽܳܳһʱ䣬Ҳ㹻ˣҪ½졣
ԣ¥ˣʲôʱҵѾæϵһЩҩԴĳϾӢԾѯʵ
˵УԵȼˣ뵽¥ڲ
ʱ¥ڲǿտյġ
ĳϣҩԴ鲻ҪģҲҩҡҡͷ˵
ӵվԻɱһֱڱչ֮Укܶ飬Ӣ;ǣҲûа취ֱͨԾֻо
ӢڶٳϹ㣬ϵ˲ҵҩʦҪṩҩ¥ǾԣӢȻҲЩṩ̸ϸڣֻܵȾԳغϸ̸һ̸
ţӢһ㶡
ʲô˼
ҩҩôһ¥ҪֻҩۣЦ
ҩ̫٣ǸҲҪôһ¥ֱŪһСӲˣ
ڶٳĴ֮УһеҩӶ١Щӣ۵ҩһ㶼Ǻܶ࣬ЩСҩӵߣҲм߾Ӷࡣ
ǵҪһЩҩʦˡЦЦ˵
ԵĻӢɫʱһڡ
ǣ̲ס˷ۡ
ҩʦ
ҩʦôյ
ڶٳǣΪ壬ԽּҳΪڶ壬ǾҵҩʦŶӣҲôʮ˵ӡУдһ룬ҩʦѧͽļһЩͼҩƷʲ̫ߡ
ҩʦ˵нˮߣյõġ
һЩ壬ǴʼգڶҩʦܶҩʦѰҹһģͲнˮԼܲܵõ
ҵҩʦҲԼġԼֻ֮һƸġ
ǾҲƸҩʦǸƸ
ҩʦҵǷǳǳעʦģһˮƽߵʦ죬ǾҩϽϿ
ԣٵҩʦѧͽҪṩнˮֻҪһˮƽߵʦҩĸԸΪ㹤
ĳϣмƻģԶԾӢЦЦ˵
Ӣ̬ȣҲֻܸЦû˵ʲô̫뵱Ȼˣȹһʱ䣬ԾӦ֪ҵôøɵġ
ӢȻȷһǳˡһ֪еĹؼٻͷҲ
壬Ҹٳûֿ򾰳ѯʡ
Ѿмˣ֮ǰڻԻǱ߰æղѾȥ֪ͨˡ˵
ãԵͷ
Ի̣һ㡣
ԵĹǣ㣬ҩ͵ҩĲ㣬ԼʹãͲҪڵ¥;լԺطˡ㣬ΪҩƵĹҡ
һ䵤¥ҪתԼʮʮҩʦӦ㹻ˡ
ڵҩʱֻɾԼơʦ̫ˣҵרΪԼǸӲܡ
һԼңûԼĵʦ
ȻԲżԺʦ
һڳԲӣҪһĳԡ
壬㽫Ի͵¥ҩʦϢȴȥԡ˵
϶ʱߣ֮ǰȻһҵûʲôԣҲ֪ҪҩʦжѡǼȻ˵ˣҲֻհ졣
ңУС
Ǳ׾ٻġ
˵ʵԸ׵ľÿɷ񡣱ϣЩԸġ
Ϊ֮ǰĹȻҲѣûָҲѧ˲ٵĶʱƣҩʦ·ϣҲԽԽԶ
ĸڣȴҪصٳǣﾰԾӪ¥
֪ϣ츳ˣԺעŹâǣǵ˵ԼҩҲоھҶУʵš
Ͻô죬Ǿ˵ľ϶Ƿ֮ϡȻˣôܶҩоأ


211 ҵ
ҶԾԵȻпʵҲܸмԡ
ҪǾԣڻһƫƧСšҪǾԣбĹ裬Ѿˡ
ԣܸмԡ
ֻǸммԼҩһ·߶Զìܡ
Ȱҩ裡
һһɡʵڲУҾͰﾰԼ꣬Ȼٻȥ̾Ϣһҡҡͷ
Ի͵¥Ĳ㡣
ԣң˾ԣŬһͿҲûʲôѿЦݡ
Ҹ磡վĺܡ
С뾰ҹϵãʱʱһˣʱ򣬾ҲһֱԾչ˵ĺܡ
ھԶʱļУϵõС飬ǾҺ;ˡ
ˣһɡ
Ҹ磬ǵͼҩʦ԰ɣԹ
ʱȷʵţ羰·룬ԵľȷʵҪҪ֮ϡ
ȻѾھΪʵԶԶԵĳĿ̤꣬龳ֻгΪ̤龳濹Լҵвϣүү
ǵģҵͷȻѾʮʱ䣬츳һ㣬񻹽ǳҩʦ
ҲΡ
˵ܳΪҩʦҲ츳ˡûеõϵͳָ㣬ǿԼֱΪҩʦҩʦʸ񣬶ҩƵĳɳּӿһЩ
ҲΪʲôҲصٳǵԭ
ȥ¥¥ǵ¥ҩƻأǷ㽻ֱ˵
ҿ˿ԡ
˼ƺҪԼҩ˼пЦЦ治ţҩʲôо
Ҹ磬ôˣԿҲ¶ı飬˲֪뷨ЦҸҩ𣿡
ǡæϣ齩ӲĺܣɵӶܿԲԡ
Ҹǳҩʦгʮ꣬Ҳ˵ҩĻޱʵô㿴ƿҩƷôɣЦţȡһƿͼҩ
ҩȻǾԼƳġȻǵͼҩ书Чܹϵмҩ
ŶҽӹԵݹҩ
ƿӵƿ
ζʱ
ţ˲䣬һ䣬ҵĻȷʵǳʵᵽҩζ͸оƿҩһЩڲ֮ͬ
ζȷʵǵͼҩһӹɡǣƺ棬зͬһ֮
ҵı飬ࡣ
ʼĹ۲һƿͼҩģɫǺˡ
ֱӴƿеһҩͷ˳
ôܣôܣңǵġૡ˵ȵ𾪣ȫǲŵı顣
ҵȻ𾪣ʮ꣬Ȼ˵ֻǳҩʦҩ̫̫ˣ
ȷţδƷ֮ߵĵͼҩ
Щ߸ޱĵʦܹƳƷ֮ߵҩ𣿴ǣܣһĵʦƲƷʵĵͼҩ
ǵͼģңګګı鿴žԡ
ûȷʵǵͼҩڣҸӦţҶҩо˰ɣЦ˵
ԣҩʲôƳģˣʶңûнƿͼҩߣ뾰ϵһ
̫˼ˡ
ҩˣվǰ𣿡̯̯˫֡
ҵķӦҲЩٶ۰
ʲôԵĻֱסˡ
˺ʱ䣬һȫѪҺ·˲ӿͷɫǺ죬۾ɵùԲ
ƿҩǾƵģ
ǾƵģ

ԲӦ˵ٻɣԾĵλôſڿӣң˵ٻƺҲ尡
Ҹ磬߰ɣȥ¥ְ˰˵
¥ҩƻأѾ׼˸ҩ󡣶ңЩ󣬶Ƿǳµģ۸ǳ󡣵ǹЩ󣬾ķ˲ǧöʯ
ЩҩƷҲˡ
󣬾ԴָֽȡһѸֵͼݡ
Ҹ磬ڽƵͼҩĲ裬ǰϸʾһ飬ҪļκһϸڣҪĶԾ˵
ԵĻҼͷ
ʱûȫƽȥʮʱʱ޿̣ҵһɫҩʦԼһֱûʵ֡ڣĻᣬôܴ
ƿҩǾƵģôȫ˵ҩϣﵽ˵Ƿ켫ľ磡
㾰ԲѣὫȫ񣬶ھԵĶ֮ϡ
ͼҩƣǱȽϼ򵥵ģǶھ˵ͲҪ˼۾ͬʱʮҩ
ֻʮʱ䣬һݵͼҩϡ⻹ǣԿģŻԼٶȡ
ס𣿡ϺתĿֿҡ
סˣҵ˵ͷ
ʵϣͼҩƲ裬࣬𲢲󡣾ң֪ƹٴˣҩƵÿһϸڣϤĹ֣ƵĵͼҩԼƵͼҩĲ裬Ҳֻ࣬һЩϸвͬ
ݵȡ˳ϣ΢Щͬ
ԣÿλãþԡ
ţʧҲûʲôһЩ۵ݰˡԼֱЩ£֪ʱ϶ǳţ˵
Ƶͼҩݣȷʵǳǳۡ
Ҫ֪һƿͼҩͨƷʵģмҲһöʯѡôƵͼҩĲϣֵжߣ
ңһԼƽ
ңʼҩ
žҵĶԣҲɵĵ˵ͷ
ϵʱ򣬾ͺȫһˣ˵ľ񣬶˲䷢仯ҩƵϲȫǷĵ׵ġ
ҵȫ񣬶Ѿŵҩ֮ϣһƣһԺУϻطŸղžҩʱĶ
ܿģҩƽ
ԣ߹ȥ֤һҩƷʣͷҵ츳ǵ񣬿Ǿҵ̶ȣȴǺܼĻҲԶԶһҩʦ
һҩƳƷȻܶ࣬ҲѾϵЩҩòˣԶԴ˻ǱȽģҲɳһ
˵ʵȷʵңǾĲͣǾҲܽηŵϡǴﲻҪǾԣҲֻþڵ¥ڣһͨҩʦ켣ˡ
ڣңȻﵽ˾ԵҪֵý
Ҹ磬ϰϰɣмҩĲϣ㾡ʹþǡЦŶԾ˵һ䡣


212 ҩʦ
뿪󣬾ұеļʼƵͼҩ
Ըᣬôܲϧ
ʮˣ
·ϣĨڴʮʱ䡣飬һ±ɹʮĺ棬ʱͻȻһƬ
ܣþʧ
һƿƿҩϵƳңоʱš
֮УҲǲϵĵõ

գٴ¥ҩƻء
ţ
Ҹ磬ǡԿڣڷŵһŴƿҲ΢΢һ
뿪ʱȷʵþҶϰ
ǣңҲ̫ƴ˰ɣ
ƳҩȻǸûϢվ뿪ҿ϶ڲͣҩ
Ҳ̫˰ɣԽϰҲû߲ݵҩ
ԣ˰ң۾죬Ǿ俺ܡԣĿиǱһƾ⡣
ҾѾһЩԣ쿴ƳҩƷôһסԵĸ첲קһźɫƿ֮ǰ
ʶģһƿһ¡
ţ
ƷʡԣҲ΢΢һ
ҩƷʣȻﲻԼƳ̶ֳȣҲˡϵмҩЧʲô
Ҳ̫һɣ
˿ңգڿԼƵͼҩ̾ƹһҩǴƳҩڵҩƷʾͲ˺ܶࡣ
ĳ̶ֳϣȷʵܲ׾Ȼ뾰ʵĻҲǷֲϵġҪǰʱۻĻ;飬Ǹڶʱ˵Ľ
ԶԾҵı֣ˡ죬гɣǽ죬ԾþңԼ縺Ρ
ԣôˣҩƷʲ𣿡ҼԱЩӲʱ¶ŵı飬˿Щɫƿԥʵ
ԣȻǲҩƷʡ
Ҹ磬Ҳǲҩǲ㡣Գ˵
һû⾰Ե˼ӽ
˵ǲǴ쵽ڣһֱûϢԺʡ
ҩǷǳľģѾ̤쾳ľԣĳʱҩƣοʵһľңһ컹ãʱ䳤ˣҵ岻Ź֡
ǣǰЩľȻ
Ҹ磬ȥҺܵİ嶼⣬ô¥ҩƷȫأ̾һ֪ҸҩȰǣȰҲҪעϢƳƷʵҩҸ磬˵԰ɣ
ⷬңŻȻ׹ȻԱ࣬ɳһڿǺܵģԽϳȥ
ԣ֪ˣԺһע⣬һϢһʱһϢʱ¾Ƶ˵
˵ģҪҷ֣㲻˵ɲҪҳͷ㡣¶Цݡ
ЦˣҲų׷
Ҹ磬ڽмҩ֮ǰӦôδƹмҩһһƣܻʧܡ㲻ҪκѹƳĵͼҩƷʣ˵㹻ʵϸˣҪмҩˡ˵
סصĵͷ
мҩҲǺܸӡȻʹõĲͼҩٲֲͬǴ󲿷ֶֻͬҪ˹ؼ֮Ҳס
ԾҵʵмҩӦúܿ֡

һգԻ͵¥һ֮С
֣ҲӦƸ
ǺǣҾ㿴Ի͵¥ôɣֹƸҩʦҾסвԶĵطȻҪ
˵Ի͵¥ǾԣϢǼ٣
ģ죬ǾӦƸҩʦ
ԣʲôЦЩҩʦΪҩǸӣҪԣʲô˼ѵ˵Ҫɸѡһ²ɣһӥӣЦһ˵
ӥӣڶٳڣɲСΪһ߼ҩʦ
ҩʦȦӣҲǲһЩǿҩʦ˱㼸ʶġȦھͲС
֣ôҲˣһˣɻʵ
ߣҾǾСˣʲôСһ˵
̬ȻˣҲûбֳκεĲ˼ǿǸ߼ҩʦݣ̬Ȱһ㣬ƺҲȻġ
ԣƺĸа˵¥ѾͽӽʯءΪӦûһǳߵнɣһǳɫ۵ӣЦ˵
нʲôãֵطʲôչǰ;˵ãʮ¾͹ŴˣҪ﹤ɵʱ׼˽ˮ
˵ģȷʵеǾԣҲɵӣٶԴǵ¥޷Ч棬ҲֱӹŻתɡһмҩʦ΢΢ҡͷǵ˵
ԭȷʵԻ͵¥ģֻҪԸ㹻ĳͣ﹤ҲǲԡڣҲЩ
мҩʦݣȥκһҩҲضܵӵġ
ʱڻԻ͵¥һڵҩʦҲжʮˣУ󲿷ֶǵͼҩʦٵҩʦѧͽмҩʦֻˣ߼ҩʦֻˣоͰӥ
λҩʦã
ʱ򣬾ǣڴ֮УЦݣڳҩʦ˹
ҪƸһԻ͵¥ҩʦҵ¥үǣʮ˿˵
ǣǷǳǵġ
𿴣ҩʦƺǲ٣Ըģмҩʦѧͽ͵ͼҩʦͲˡ
Ҫסмҩʦ͸߼ҩʦ̫ˡ㾰Ը⸶Ϊ߰ĳͣסмҩʦ͸߼ҩʦ
ôҩʦҲΪڶٳǵҪȻôҩʦ
ôļӣ
Щҩʦԣ̬ȶǣʲô洦ɼİè𣿡ʹѣžʡ
ߣСӣܰװô˹Ȼȥ¥ѵӦӭ𣿡תŭȵ
˫ü΢壬ˣҲʶһӦԼҵҩŶԣô
ѵǹ⵷ң
뵽Լ뾰ԵĹϵǾֿԼҲ˵ܸûκԸԻ͵¥
뵽⣬ǵɫҲ
ǻԻ͵¥ӭκΣ־ҩһ·и׷ҩʦǣҪҵĻһԻ͵¥Ҳô۸ģǵͳ˵
ҩһϣ׷󣿹Ի͵¥ôĿһСС¥Ҳ˵ִ󻰣ҵҪ﹤ʲô׷󡣡Ц



213 
Ի͵¥¥ҩƻء
Ҹ磬ѾܺˡʮµģͿԳƸ߼ҩˡվں󷽣žһƿмҩͷ˵
ԵĻ˷ܵͷ
ԣӦƸҩʦˣ
ʱ򣬾ǽ˵
ŶȥɣԻعЦ˵
¥һҩƷڣʮҩʦ໥ۡ
ԡǺ;ң뷿ڡ
ԣǾͽʡһʱ䣬͸ǣҩʦѧͽͼҩʦмҩʦ͸߼ҩʦֱʲôĳͣ
ǶҩʦҲûйֱ˵ͣǾ£תߡӥԣһӣֱӾͿ˵
ü˿
λЦеʡ
ʵϣѾ֪ʲôǰȷʵǲ֪ǽ֮ǰѾ˿ҵ˾ԡ
ԣȻ֪ˡ

ߣڶٳҩʦȦڣ˭֪ңһλ߼ҩʦԣҲĨǵģʱ䶼ĺܡҲǸӣˬһ㡣ֺ
Ծ츳ϼߣʱҲøЩҩʦӡ
ûҩʦⵤ¥ͺѿ
ԣͲŭԡ
ңҲѹûΪԹȷʵҵģεģԼ峤ԵԪԸŵ
ԼûΪԹĴ㣬Ҫҩʦþһ˶вô졣
߼ҩʦ
Ǻǣҩʦ˲𣡡ЦЦ
أȲ˵˵˵λ⡣ģһԻ͵¥ҲǲҪġĿӹڳˡ
үʲô˼ü⿴žԡ
ҩʦһ֮䣬ҲʶѵԻ˻ˮҪȻôҪ
ҩʦȼǹҹġҩʦѧͽֵֻͼҩֻһֵͼҩͼҩʦƶֵͼҩмҩʦƶмҩ߼ҩʦƶָ߼ҩ
ԽߣԽǿ
Ե˼ѵҩʦѧͽͼҩʦҪ
ҩǲеģ
ⵤ¥۵ҩƷмҪƷʲеҩҵĵ¥ǲ۵ġ
λǼҵĵ¥עڵġǵҩͻͽңĳͣҲǼߵģֻҪڷŬ׬ȡĳͣǰܹ׬ȡ͵ķǼ
Ц˵
ţݸ壡ھԻոºЦһ
ҩͻͽ
ԣƾʲôô˵˼ǣҩʦѧͽںܶʱڣͳΪͼҩʦ߼ҩʦںܶʱڣܳΪҩʦЦ˵
ֱ췽ҹ̷
ҩʦ˵һ㶼ûȻһǰᣬܽҵĵ¥ҿŬԿ˿
ʱ򣬾ҲȷҵˡֱӽȥҲϲߣҩʦ١ҩʦɲ֪ǹҪҵġ
С󣬾ҲںˣһؿźҪԻ͵¥ԶԸ
˵ĻſڿӵİɣҪǻҪƸҩʦԼһЩˣһ߼ҩʦü˵
⵷ҵģǣ˵Ļȷʵš
ҩʦҪô׵õͲϡȱˡ
˵Ļǲģʵ֤ģȲҪżЦ
һһҪ˵ǾǣһһԻ͵¥Ͳ뿪ҪǩһЭ顣ûеõ¥֮ͬ뿪¥ҽȨ⴦áԵĻУһɭȻζ
Э飬ǾҪǩġ
ԣҪһɫҩʦģԺҪʦ
ҩʦҪЩҩʦɫöࡣ
ҩʦ뿪Ի͵¥Ǹ£ԣȻôɵ
ԣǷ˰ɣ
˼ҪԻ͵¥Ҫǩһ
̫ˡ֮ǰԼҩҲûǩЭ顣㣬ȴҪǩɵǾɵ˳
λҿǻ߰ɣ⾰Ըûκεĳ⣬˵˰죬û˵ʲôĳͣȴҪǩһǵɵ𣿡ֶ˽к
ⷬڳȷʵвˣʼüһЩҩʦѧͽЩãԻ͵¥ܲһѡ
һǩԺҪ뿪Ի͵¥ѡȥطĺˡ
Ҫִ뿪Эڣ㾰ֱŪǣҲǺϷˡ
Եʵǿɶ˵ˣնɱھߣ
λȱžȿҩʦƳҩƷΣԿ뿪뷨Ц˵
óһѵͼҩٷַڳÿһҩʦ
ʲôȼҩʡ
ͼҩЦ˵
ͼҩҲһ㶣ԣڶóͼҩ߼ҩʦǰȻóͼҩ
ھ˵óҩ˲쿴ҩƷʱΪóʲô߼ҩҩȴû뵽óֻһƿͼҩ
˵ˣȿҩƷʡԵĿУһĨ
ߣ
ԣ˵ҩ㵤¥ҩʦƵģλҩʦںδ˿ܡ
Ȼ˵ҩǵ¥ҩʦƵģҩʦҲӦڵ¥ڰɣ
ڵ¥ڣΪβôʶʶ
ҩʦǾҩʦָָһֱվߵľ˵
ң
ȺУһͼҩʦɵľһ
ңʲôʱصٳǵģͼҩʦȻҲʶҡ
ղţûע⵽ңע˾Եϡֱʱ˵ҵ֣ŷȷʵʶǸҡ
ФҩʦáңФ˵ͷĴк
Фȷʵ뾰֮ǰйϳʱӴǰФҲھڵϣһʱ䡣Ф˲ָҩһЩ⡣
ԣҶФһֱĴмղҪǾһֱ˵Фкˡ
ңФʱеҩʧȥȤ
ΪʲôФ±ڳ˸ңͼҩʦʸ񣬶ǿƵҩʲôƷʣ
Фң̫ҵˣƵҩФƵĵͼҩ


214 
ƿҩǾƣжƷʣͨЩͼҩҲвɣ
Ф˿ԣʵڲ֪ԵǺ⡣
Դʲôطһλҩʦǿĸ߼ҩʦ¥ǵ˵ͨɾڽƵһƿͼҩø˲쿴⵽ʲô⣿
ЩҩʦֲУԣѵΪóһƿҩƭסǣ
뷨̫Цˣ
ФʶλңӦǾ˰ɣôû˵һλоҵҩʦվФߵһҩʦ˫ü˿ңֿ˿ФҲɻ
ڶٳڣҩʦȦӣȷʵС
΢еҩʦҲ˵֡
㲻ڳڣڵڵĸأڶӵȵȵطҲ˵ǡ
ңѧϰҩһʱ䡣Ф˵һ䡣
⻰ڳĴҩʦüͷš

ͻȻһһҩʦз
ҩʦФ뾰ҶԻʱѾǴƿڣҩ쿴
ˣһмҩʦˮƽǲġ
ƿڵʱвû̫뷨ֻǱ㿴̬ȡǣᵽҩζ󣬱һӶˡ
һֽУҩʦĿȻȥ
ǲҩƷ̫˵ͲҩҲмҩʦ˵
мҩʦͶĻκεĻӦ
ɫԽԽ죬ϢҲԽԽءֱۣ
ôܡôܡ
ҩʦЩʧǵ
֣ôˣһɫ۵ҩʦĿ⿴мҩʦ
֣ͼҩôƳģмҩʦȴһģԾңľϹʵ
һĻڵҩʦ¶𾪻ǺȻ֮ɫ
ҩʦʲôмҩʦȻԾ˹
Ի͵¥һнпܣλ֮ǰһһǿͼҩʦżҩʦڣѾܹƳмҩ΢Ц˵УһźԺ
ôܣֱ޻̸֮վˢڸˡ
ҩʦҲ׷ҡͷ
ҵĻȷʵЩ˵ˣֻ˵ȥŲŹ֡
ֵĻҩʦȴ˵
еĵͼҩʵ̫ˡ
λǲеĵͼҩƷʡȻ룬ܲƳܵҩʦ˵
ЩҩʦȻžҲΪȻǣһʼ쿴еҩҲǾ֮Ϳ顣
ʲô
ôܣ
ǵͼҩҡЧֱмҩɣ
һϵĴһҩʦд˶סˡҩʦǾ仰ʲô˼ˡ
ƷʵҩƳ𣿴ǣܡ
ǵͼҩмҩǻֱܷġͼҩмҩʹõĲɫζϣв𡣾𲻴󣬿Ҳһв
ҩʦٿҵĿ⣬ȫˡҩǾƳģǾҩһϵĳɾֲ̫ͣˡ
ǵʦҲ޷ƳƷ֮ߵĵͼҩɣ
ҩʦеͻ
ˣ٣ҩһһųȵġڻԻ͵¥ܹҩһͻͽĻǣҲ˿ԶڻԻ͵¥Ϊ¥Ч
ͼҩʲôһߡ
ڲ쿴ҩҲǷǳ𶯵ġǣǸҵġҲ棬ҩôƳģȻҪװһںӡ
ԣĿд⣬һۡ
ţͷ΢΢һоԵĿ⣬ƺܶ飬֪ʲô
ֻеͼҩȻʲôЦЦ
һԻ͵¥۵ĿɲǵͼҩһԻ͵¥۵ҩ󡣡
еҩҲСûеҩȻС΢Ц˵
⻰ɲǿš
ԵõǬУǬصҩһЩѾʧ˵ģֻһЩż֮вмصҩ
λٿЩҩɣֱһӡ
һƿʱǰĵϡ
ЩƿڵҩǾƳġ
ҪЩҩʦصΪԻ͵¥ЧҲóǵĶ
ЩҩڣЩҩʦһ룬ԻԻ͵¥ء
οҲûκѹեǵ˼ǼԻ͵¥Իطߡ
ңֻҪͿ̿࣬ԸŬǵͼҩʦһջ裬Ǹ߼ҩʦһûκγ͡
ԵĴǣҩʦԵĲͻó͡
ͼҩ
ͼⶾҩ
мҩ
߼ҩ
߼Իҩ
ڣһƬңеҩʦڴ͵״̬̫ˣЩҩǵ𾪣ֱԸӡ
һӣûмƷ֮ߵĸҩ
ЩҩУв٣ǸͲʶġѹͣû˵
Ҳ̫ˡ
λͬЩҩǾүƳġүҩһϵĳɾͣǵ󡣲λ˵ܹƳмҩΪоү
ڣҲҪٶ˵ʲôˣҪҪԻ͵¥Լ˻ᣬͺһˡңǡʱ˳˵
ҵĻЩҩʦı飬Ӽ
ڣǶھԺ;ҵĻѾ߰˷֡ʣµ֣Ҳǣ̫ˣֱΥ֮ǰĳʶϵ
үҼԻ͵¥ԸҩһҩʦѧͽЩŵʵ
гҩʦмҩʦи߼ҩʦôԣںЩҩʦѧͽ𣿾ԣЩλϵ͵ҩʦѧͽԻ͵¥
Ȼԣ
ΪԿû̫ʱǽǼԻ͵¥󣬿ܽӴģǾϯҩʦЦŶҩʦѧͽ˵
үҼ룬ҿԣҪκγֻͣϣܵõһᡣѧͽɫǺ˵
ǺǣͿ϶С֮ǰҲ˵ˣֻҪŬǵջ񣬾Ի֮ǰö࣬϶ûʲô⡣԰ڰֵ
ܣ͵ԲݡڿһЩҩʦΪܹѧϰҩļɣԸⲻҪκγͣʱ䳤ˣн٣һǵزǱȻ
Ҳ룡
үҼ룡
һҩʦѧͽ˵ԼԸ˱һ


215 
ҩʦѧͽ֮󣬵ͼҩʦҲԼҪԻ͵¥̬ȡ
үҩһϵĳɾͣ侪ˡղ˵ʱ£ҲָЩҩʦҩǿܴʱ䣬ɾҩʦָǡǣҩʦֻмҩ
ӦƸҩʦһмҩʦ߼ҩʦ
и߼ҩʦ⣬˵ˡ
һ˵ĻԾ֪˼
ңֻǿмҩʦɣȴǸ߼ҩʦǾôָ߼ҩʦҩ
ЦЦ
λҩʦĹǣҵȻҲһԻ͵¥Ƹҩʦֻһ߼ҩʦ˵ģڰڣͻҩʦŵ˵
ûԾңš
ҩһϵ츳㲻ʵҶҩһޱִţоԵָ㣬ҽҩʦʱ㹻
ԵĻһ
ȻҲˣǣڣҩʦҲǲ롣
𶯣ȻֳϻɡɾԵĻңоڣƺʲô漣ܷ
ڻضٳ֮ǰڶ̶̼ʱͳɹƳмҩһƷôߵҩ
үһˣȻſڿӡҷɽžүԸԻ͵¥ԸΪүЧзɽĸ߼ҩʦ˵
ãһԻ͵¥ӭɽҩʦļ롣Ҳ˷˵
ԣҲҪԻ͵¥
ʱֳˡ
ڿƳڶҩȻҲ𾪣ȻҲġ
һû˽ȡĵҩʦڿЩҩʱҲ»ҩʦ
ʼʱȷʵûмԻ͵¥˼ڣѾıˡܽԻ͵¥ǲԼҵҩҲûʲô
ԣۿ˿
ҼԻ͵¥ҲԣҲǩңԸңƵҩƷʡͷ棬ҲҵҪԼҩҵĳ;ͺܸߡ̬Ȼ߰
ϰˡ
ԼҵҩڣĵλҲǱȽϸߵģϾǸ߼ҩʦƽʱ˶Χת
ڼԻ͵¥ȻǻԻ͵¥ҫԻ͵¥ļ룬ǻԻ͵¥ҡ
Ӧãļ롣
˼һԻ͵¥ûʺĹԣЦЦ
ˣôԻ͵¥쵰ȻҪԻ͵¥Լ˭
ʲô
ԣҿǸ߼ҩʦɫһ䣬ûԻܾԻ͵¥Ǹ߼ҩʦģӦǱάĴڡ
ԣȴҪԻ͵¥
⾰ԵӣⰡ
ҹʲôȼҩʦһԻ͵¥Ҫˡʱ򣬾ȻҲͲˡ
̬Ҳú̫ˡ
ǺεϣɾôߣǿߡҩһϣôҩƷʻ˾ˡƾʲôھǰ
ԣ㲻Ҫڣɫ
ԵĻоԼܵ˼ص裬δܵ衣
Ժȵ
С֣ҽҹ֣һѹסŭ𣬶ʱƲס˳
ɫǺ죬
ԵϢȻ֮ᣬĿһŷɱϯȫס
ԣǺ޵ľ֡ίʵ
ۣ֮
ôãǴˣֱ֪ߵغΪһֱ߼ҩʦݡ
˻һ֮߶һԪӿ
ֻһ߼ߣôܵסԣ
ûüӦԾѾĽǰģݺݵĺǰ
һҽУǵɳȥ
㡭ɱңѪӿ˫Ŀĵžԡ
û뵽ԾȻĸɱ
İ࣬ҼһɱһԿŵĮ˵
ʵϣ֮ǰȻҲûɱ˼Լ֪ˡھóôƷʼߵҩӦ뿪ҲǴˣȴȻҪľ壬ĵط
ǣҵĻʬɾ
ҩʦʱ㶵ĿžԡǣȻҲûκε׼ٿԵʱǵУȻľηˣȻȥܺ˵ĴŭҲ
һ߼ҩʦɱˡ
λ
ԸԻ͵¥ģһӭ˲Ի͵¥Ҳûκ⣬ȥҲ棬ڮһԻ͵¥ͲҪҾԲˡĿһת򷿼ڵЩҩʦ
䣬ģġ
ԣҪҡڵǽͷݡԻ͵¥ҪģļˡΪɱͷ˼Ի͵¥ԸֻԼʧԻ͵¥ҲҪˡ
ǸȷԻ͵¥ҩʦǩЭ顣
ȷʵһЩˣڿԻɱ󣬷˼Ի͵¥һˣǼļ˻Ի͵¥
һ߼ҩʦмҩʦҩʦаҩʦѧͽЩˣ˻Ի͵¥
ЩҩʦǩЭ֮΢Ϣ㿪ʼҩ
˸߼ҩʦɽ֮⣬ҩʦɾָҩɽǾԣָƶҩ
ȻԵָ㣬ֻһ顣ܹѧ٣͵ÿɽԼˡ
Ȼֻʾһ飬ǷɽȻޱȵļһȴˣһжòһ缢ƿʵģȥոտϢ
Ի͵¥¥ҩƻأҲʹһ̿ʼæµ
գԻ͵¥Ӫҵʼ
峿һ磬ߡðߣۼڻԻ͵¥֮⡣
ǶţԻ͵¥յӪҵʼŻԻ͵¥ĴŴ򿪡
Ի͵¥Ӫҵ˵жҩۣ
ⵤ¥ɶû죬ҪӪҵôʱڣ׼ҩ
ǺǣԻ͵¥Ƕɣ׼ʮƿϰƽͼҩɣ
Ի͵¥⣬쳣
ЩߣҲǿ֡ңЩУвٶҩ̽ӡЩҩȻҲ֪Ի͵¥ڵʲôǲó㹻ҩۡ
ԼҺͲ̼ңΪĻԻ͵¥
֨£
Ի͵¥Ĵţ򿪡
ǣ߳
λԻ͵¥գӪҵʼӭλǰԻ͵¥ѡҩǣ˵
˵ôϻˣǽȥȺУкµ˴ߴٵ
Ǻǣúúãǣ˽ȥ
¥ڣвپҵĻæά
ȺȻ䣬糱ˮһ㣬ӿ뵽Ի͵¥֮ڡ


216 Ӫҵ
ӭѡ
ӭѡ
Ի͵¥Ӫҵֻһ¥Ƕ⿪ŵġ
µжӹ̨棬ڷŴĸִƿڴƿǰվһòŮߡ
ЩŮߣ΢Цڹ̨ǰʱǾͻ֮к
ߣ뵤¥ֱӾʹ
ڽ֮ǰģ֮ĵ¥ڲװο϶ͬһ㣬Ҳû뵽˵Ĺˡ
װ꣬Ƕٵһ¥ҲԶԻ͵¥
Ȼٵһ¥һЩҲ棬װһ㲻ȻԻ͵¥й֮ͱǣʲôطһߣʸ
ߡðߣǼʶڽԻ͵¥ҲЩɵۡЩŮԹԱ̫˵ˡ
ܹܣ̫ˡ޶˵棬Żڲӿߣ΢΢ü
棬֮ǰߣڣѾǻԻ͵¥רŸ۵ܡ
ǾԣԽ˹
һֱмԣھ˵£;Ի͵¥ûѯʴ
඼ǿֵģҩˣ̫ġҡҡͷ˵
ţͷܹܣǵҩ۸ǲǶеˣ
棬ҲգʽԻ͵¥
ԻԻ͵¥ҩƷʣ˽ⲢǺܶࡣҲߣԶԸҩʲô飬ǳ֪Ըҩƶļ۸Ҳһ
Ի͵¥װһһҩ֮ߵļ۸Щȥҩ
ߣ޲ýһöʯöʹãԸ⣬ôߵļ۸񣬹Ի͵¥ҩò̫ܣ
ߣһ㶼ߣǵҩʱӦƷϸߵҩԺʽӪҵˣҲӦġЦ˵
棬ʱЩ
һ仰û˵Թ츳ϣȷʵٳǵĽǣϣԹӿܾûʲô츳ˡģԻ͵¥ܰ϶೤ʱ䣬᲻Ἰ¾͹Ŵ󼪡
ȻģҲ˵һһɡ

ƿͼҩһ׳ʵðߣվڹ̨ǰߴ˵
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öʯðߣֱӽöʯ˦ڹ̨֮ϣһƴֵļơ
ԲǻԻ͵¥ĵͼҩÿһƿۼΪöʯŮӦǸĶð˵
ʲôðߣʱһΪԼˡ
ϣͼҩļ۸񣬼ͳһģȥʲôط򣬶һöʯһƿ
ԣŮӦĵͼҩ۸öʯһƿһûӦ
ܵߣҲĿɿڴ
ڣ
Ҳ̫ˣ
طĵͼҩֻҪһöʯһƿĵͼҩȴҪöʯһƿ
ֱôľʯ
ʲôǻԻ͵¥Ҳ̫˰ɣŪЩ۵С˽ӴˣҲܰһƿͼҩöʯɣ׳ʵߣɴһ˫ţۣŵı˵
ţĽ˦ڹ̨ϵöʯ˻ݺݵĴڻС
̫ˣ̫ˡ
۸Ҳװϣмҩļ۸Ҳöʯ
ߣҩ򡣡
Ҫߣǲߣô࣬һûأ
ܵ˷
λ
ʱ򣬾һԪתѹ
λǻԻ͵¥ǲ˽Ⱑ
ǻԻ͵¥۵ĵͼҩȻ۸ΪöʯǵͼҩЧȴϵмҩλǵҩ׬ˣǳԿŶǣЦ˵
ڣǳġ
Ϊʲô
ΪӾңмҩʦˡʲôɣԻԻ͵¥ҩûģ
֪ЩͼҩЧмҩ󣬾Ƕöʯļ۸ˡ
ͷ㿪ʲôЦһǵĻ󣬶ʱŭʵͼҩǵͼҩ˵ǵĵͼҩЧмҩΪǾôúŪ
ǺǣڳѣٶðߣȻҩʦǶҩЧӦúϤǲԿԣǵҩЧΣЦ˵
ãҾԿҪҩЧﲻ˵ɱǣԻ͵¥ơһСǿȥɵӣк
˵ţȥһƿͼҩ
Ķʱ˺ܶ˵ע⣬ҲСӡ
ۣ
⡭ǵͼҩЧмҩһҲмҩɣСߣ̷һҩޱȼ˵
죬ʮƿСߣߴŮӦ
ˣС˹ϹʮƿͼҩʱЩɻ
ȻǻǺܻɣͼҩЧмҩǸû˵¡ѵԻ͵¥Ľмҩɵͼҩˣֵͼ󣬻Ի͵¥Ӧò᷸ɣ
ˣЦкǻԻ͵¥ҲЦΪҸϷǾͻˣСݼҲʵ̫һ㡣
˵˼˵СߣǻԻ͵¥רŹӶϷˡ
仰׷׻ȻĵͷٿСߣԽԽУ
Ҳɫһڣ
СߣҲӶϷģֻû뵽һӾͱˡ
ɣ
ʱһ
Ͷӳ
ͶӳӺɽˣ
ͶӳȻҲˣ
ǴܵߣһӾвߣ˴к
λѵǣνʯɽ£Żصٳǡⲻջ˵Ի͵¥飬ԺЦ˹˵
⽹ͣһ߼ߣǷǳǿľߡҲһ֧ðնӵĶӳðնӣڶٳĴԲðߣʶ͡ҽˣǳˬҲࡣڶٳǣһЩһҲӡ
ͣȷʵղŴӺɽһԼðնӽʯɽջҲǳķ
ߵ̨ߣҪһƿͼҩ
λҿҩЧôҩƿӣĿ⿴ܣ˵
Ͷӳʶ㣬ҩ˽⣬˵Ļǿ϶šͿҩûлԻ͵¥˵ôáðߴ
ã͵
ƿڴ򿪣̷һҩ
˵ʵҲţͼҩЧܱмҩȥĵطҲˣڵУȥǣûܺмҩȵĵͼҩ
ԣûбʲôϣ


217 ۻ
͵ɫܿͱˣ֮Уһ˿
ϸĸܡ
Ȼţһ㣬ȷǾһƿҩȷʵǵͼҩ
Ϊһ֧ðնӵĶӳðնӣһЩյɱޣҩǱرģðնӶҩҲԣԸҩ˽⣬һЩҩʦ֮¡
ƿҩмҩô϶ϳ
ôܣУϵķͷ
ҩƳģ
Ի͵¥˵ǵĵͼҩЧмҩһ㣬ġ
͵Ŀ⣬ȻĿ򾰳Ի͵¥ķˡ
ͶӳҩЧΣ
ǰͶӳ˵˵
Ͷӳ㵹˵ܵߡðߣҲĿŽͣԻ͵¥̽ӣǲ塣
ͣȴûֱӻӦܵĴߴĿ⣬ֿ̨òŮߡ
ͼҩƿͣĿƵ˵
ȷҩЧȷҩҪ١һֲ²⣬ҩǻԻ͵¥˾ԣʲôطרƳģǼǿĵʦƵġҲ˵ҩܲǺܶࡣ
ԣ˿ʼ֮ҪٹҩǾˡ
ðնӵĶӳðնӵģǷǳġȷҩۣض𱬡ڱ˻ûзҩЧӦףԺ󣬿ɾͺ˵ˡ
ֵͼҩȻÿһƿۼΪöʯЧϵмҩϵмҩۼΪÿƿöʯҲǣ˵ڻԻ͵¥һƿͼҩܽʡöʯ
ֲͣɵӣȻˡ
ƿŮһ㶡
Լˡ
ŮߣֻǵͼߣȻǻԻ͵¥ŮӦŮӦһǽղżԻ͵¥
ЩˣԻԻ͵¥ҩЧҲ
ǶԻԻ͵¥۸ôߵҩܲȥҲǱŻɵ̬ȡԣֱ˵ҪƿԻҩЩûӦ
ƿǾҪһǧöʯ
һǧöʯֱͣӽһʯŵ˹̨֮ϡ
һööԲ⻪ʯ˸ŵĹΡ
ããŮߣҲǾרҵѵģӦٶȺܿ죬ʯʼ׼㹻ĵͼҩ
мҩ𣿡ͽƿͼҩѯʡ
ȻͼҩЧǿôмҩأ
λеͼҩмҩи߼ҩЧҩȻܹҩǶеġŮ΢Ц˵
мҩʲô۸񣿡ʡ
мҩ۸ÿƿΪʮöʯŮ˵
ϣмҩÿƿļ۸öʯ
Ի͵¥мҩļ۸һƬ۸񣬼ֱץ񰡣
ǵмҩЧɱϵĸ߼ҩŮ΢΢˿ҧӲͷƤ˵
棬ĻҲȷ٣ǵ¥ĹԱҲֻӲͷƤ⻰˵
ǼٵģЩߣӦҲ̫鷳
ƿмҩһ֣˵
мҩЧϸ߼ҩϸ߼ҩļ۸ΪÿƿʮöʯҲ˵ﹺмҩÿһƿԽʡöʯ
ðնӣҩ࣬ۼʡʯɾʮ־ˡ
߼ҩЧϵЧҩۼΪÿƿʮöʯ
ʮƿ
мⶾҩҲһƿ
ֱͣǴɹ
ߣֱӿɵˡ
ͣʲô
̶̵ʱڣȻͲɹ˼ֵǧöʯҩҪʲô
ʲôʱ˲ƴˣǧöʯںѵǿŮˣ
Ͷӳôˣһ뽹͹ϵߣüѯʡ
ֵܣֻ˵ҩɴͶߣգգ۾ɣڵģ
ţҲ
λһ£ˡͣܵĴ߹ָǡ
˼ǧöʯҩҪȥЩҩ㹻ðնӰðĵˡ
ģ뿪˻Ի͵¥
Ի͵¥һ֮УһЩߣǿ˶ߡ
Ҫ˵Ի͵¥ͽͣҲʲôЭ飬ȻȫųԣֿԾԲ
ôΪλǮôҩѵԻ͵¥ҩ˵ôã
λͬǧҪҩ̫ˣǻȥҩȽϺá˴Ľк
ԣҪ˭˭Կ˭˭ɵӣ

ЩкţҪҩߣȻǾ̽ӡ
ǣĿЩˣֱӽйһһҳЩҵļһ˳ȥ
Ի͵¥̬ǿӲЩδ¶̽ӣҲʵ࣬û
ãö򣡡
Ҫʮƿͼҩ
Ҫʮƿмҩ
ʮƿҩ
Ҫʮƿ߼ҩʮƿ߼ⶾҩ
ģҩߣԽԽֳ࣬ԽĻ
ʶˣȻǹҩЧ󣬱޷Ƶļ
һĻЦˡ
棬Ŀɿڴ

Լңҩ
Լ峤ԵԪϢɳ̽ӣǰԻ͵¥̽Ϣ

֪Сֱ޲ɼ
ͼҩۼöʯмҩۼʮöʯ
ЦЦһɫӣЦ˵
ˣǴǹĲһʦǲĵܵܡ
Լңûʲô֮ר̸ȫΪĸ
ԼңָԼҵҩʦҩȻˣҲһЩ
Լ⣬˻ᣬҵҩ⣬Լҩڶٳǵռʡ
вʦԼҵҩƷʣȻҪ֮ǰһЩġ
ʦ˵ĶԣҿǻԻ͵¥òʮ£͵ùŴ󼪡ԵԪҲЦ˵
ɳȥ̽ӣѾлϢģԵԪˣ֪˻Ի͵¥ҩۼۡ
ϢǶеЩ㵣⾰СѵǷ𣿽ҩļ۸񣬶ôߣҩóȥŹ֣
һǸ߿СˣǿЦΪԻ͵¥Լҩһ޴вڿҸͲҪᡣԵԪҡͷЦһ
峤ҽЩˣȻȥˡ񣬿˿ԵԪ˵
ȻԼæģÿҩʱ䣬ԲᳬһʱңԼһҪΪˣ֧㹻ĳ͡
ôֺԼһûκƢǰκβֳΪһʦ


218 ˵۶
˵ʼգûԷ
һʮëͷСӰˡ
ԵԪֳ֣أʵ֮ԱǵġҲö˵ʲôָԼҩʦҩȻȡ񱨳ꡣò˶ãԼҵҩܳ׳ưԶٳǡ
ʱʦ֣Ҳضᱻٳǵס
ʦȻˣǸϽȥϢɡԵԪæЦ˵
峤峤
ڲҪת뿪ҩһȴǼٵĴ
ţһߣͽ뵽ҩڲɫ
ţԵԪü
ߣҲɳȥ̽ӡ
峤ˣǻԻ͵¥ĵͼҩۼöʯмҩۼʮöʯ߼ҩۼʮöʯͼⶾҩ
ߣϢŴ
˺ˣǶ֪ˡԵԪڰֹ֣˺߼˵ȥ
֮ǰ̽ӣѾЩϢ˵ˡ
ԴˣҲǼΪĲм
ҩļ۸񣬶ĸߣ׬ĶǿЦ
۸ߣȥһöʯ׬
ǡһ㶡
ʲôԵԪüЩ
Ի͵¥ҩۣޱȻ𱬰ǶԼҵҩ̣⻹õöࡣߣ˫üš͵һ
ôߵļ۸񣬵Ȼû򡭡һЦϵı飬һ˲䣬ɫһ䣬˵ʲôޱȻ𱬣
ԵԪɫͬ΢΢һ䣬Ŀⶢźߡ
峤ʦˣԻ͵¥⣬Ƿǳ𱬣յʱ䣬۶Ͳˣǽһˣǧʯҩ߿Ц˵
ⲻܣԲܣԵԪϢᡣ
۸ôߣۻô𱬣ôܣ
᲻ǾԣӶˣӪۻ𱬵ļ󣿡뵽ֿܡ
ԣ϶ԵԪصĵͷ
ǵģۻ𱬡ǵĵͼҩȻ۸ʯҩЧȴȵϵмҩߣޱȵȷЩҩˣǾԹӶġ
ΪԼһЩҩȻԲ峤ǰ˵ڻԻ͵¥ҩҪ峤֪ûӹˡ
΢΢תȳգȥһЩǰҩʱרעȣżõЧ˵Ի͵¥İҩ̫ˡԻ͵¥Ҳ˵ˣԻ͵¥ҩӦģÿ춼һ

ҹĻ٣
Ի͵¥һӪҵҲʱ򣬽ˡ
¥¥ڵķڡ
ԣ⣬Ļ𱬣ǣһ˷ܵı˵
ӣҴûмһҩ̣ôáǵ¥ӪҵӪҵҪˡ棬ҲڷڣҲ˵
Ԥ֮УЦЦ
ǽյӪҵж٣ʵ
ӪҵԵȻҲġԻ͵¥Լģ¥׬ȡʯԼġ
ϵģޱȾ˵ģҪԴ֧֡
ڣΪÿ춼ڷٵ֮СǣҪƷʯ͹Ԫ֧֡
ûȶ룬ԴҲֲ֧˶ʱͻһա
ѾͳƳǽӪҵﵽǧöʯȥֿ֧ϳɱԱ֧ɱǽĴҲܴﵽʯҡЦ˵
⣬ֱһ漣
Ҫ֪֮ǰյУһĴҲʯƽÿǧöʯӡǿǣһУܵõ
Ի͵¥һ󣬾ʹﵽôˣÿ춼ˣǻԻ͵¥һ󣬽һǧʯ֮ޡ
ֲ̫ˡ
֣ԣҲ΢΢Щ⡣֪Լĵ¥ǳֲҲû뵽ôߡ
Ի͵¥ҩ˵ͼҩۼöʯһƿɱȴԶһöʯΪԻ͵¥ĵͼҩĵͼҩʹõĲͬġΨһĵطǻԻ͵¥ҩʦнһЩԳɱҲ΢һЩ
ɼˣԻ͵¥Ҳ쳣ֲġ
Ҫ֪ҩҵԭǱҵǵһԼңǵڶּңǵ徰ңǵҪ棬ʯҩ̡Ի͵¥ҩǱеıˡ
ܿģԵ˷ܣҲƽϢ
ǵһ죬ǵҩǳӦġǿܾҪӦˡȻٳǱϾһСУ߶ǻԻ͵¥ҩҲܿﵽһޡԺ󣬾ͺôˡ۾˵
Ҳʵ
ٳǣֻһСС
۶ôߣΪ߶һ˴ҩ߹Щҩʱ䶼òˣһʱ䣬Ҫٴιҩ
Ǻ棬ȻҲһ㡣
ˣԻ͵¥ԺҲ̫ͣÿһʯ϶
ɣ֮ʽӪҵǻԻ͵¥Ҫռжٳٰ˳ɵҩݶ΢΢һЦ˵
ԣǾңüͷ˶
Ի͵¥ռݶٳǰ˳ɵҩݶʱڿʱƣ϶ܹռġֻǣĻԻ͵¥ľͲԼҵȵжˣҶܵصӰ졣
Щҵ
ǽ˶ˣǻԻ͵¥ǳ˹
һ㣬пǹЦЦ˵ǻԻ͵¥Ժ;ңɺ顣ǣԸңṩһҩ۸񣬿ԱǵۼۣһЩþҲ׬һЩ˵ͼҩöʯļ۸ҡ
ңҲԽһֵҩЩۡĻЩھңԾ˵ȻǴ¡һ㣬Ҫ̸ǻԻ͵¥ҩǵı־
Ļ굽һʱ䣬ǻԻ͵¥гݶܴﵽ˳˰ɣ
壬棬Щϸ⣬ɣҾͲˡ԰ڰ֡
ھ˵ⷬʱ򣬾ǵ
Ի͵¥ɲǳԶʳֻҪŻԻ͵¥죬žһ죬ôҲȡǣЩжԵֻԼˡ
ţͺһºϸ⡣Ȼǳļ
˵ģȻһǳõĽ취žңҲһȻܡǴӾöʯļ۸õһƿͼҩתöʯȥǾһöʯˡҪȣ֮ǰ۵ĵͼҩ󻹸ߺܶࡣ
Уס׼ǵľǺ棬壬棬ҲܼˡڵĿ꣬Ǿߡȵ˾쾳ҸǺöǽ죬Ƚס
죬졣˵ʵȷʵЩˣԺ뿪Ի͵¥¥ϣǷȱˡȻоڣվԻ͵¥ǾԸ˵ģԵȻϣԻ͵¥ǿ


219 Ĵ
ǺǰչԻǲ˵ǵ츳ͺܲ
츳ãҲԴС
лԻ͵¥ڣžǺ棬츳ϴﲻ̶ȣӦⲻ
оңҲϣҲɾ͡ҽҪΪʦҲҪ쾳硣
쾳磬Ļ֮һܽ죬Ƕҩʦһˡ
ԣԼС;ǡңǾԵԼˣЩ˵ϣԲСȥʹõԴ
ǿʵǿŻὫ¥øá
ʱ䣬һζ
һգǣԻ͵¥ʽӪҵˡ
ԣҲרųʱӴܵĿˡٳڣĴֻҪ뾰Һ;ԵжԵģԻ͵¥롣
У񶫾¥
񶫾¥ھҲҵ
񶫾¥Ի͵¥಻һǧס
ԣԽվͽ֮أ񶫾¥
峤ҰҲæ¥ն԰
峤
½峤½嵽

һλλڶٳǣͷĴ׷׵
룬룡
峤ãԹӺã
ϲԹӣԻ͵¥⣬˼ʰ
ĿˣͶݶߣԾԺ;ҰֵĿȻЩˣҲ뾰ҹϵġЩϵõģҲȥ롣
ʱţˣҲԽԽࡣ񶫾¥ڣǳ֡
ٳǳൽһ
֣¥ڵˣ޲ݡ
ˣȻҲˣ
ԵӣǴ󰡣ˣȻͷһͬ
洫ԣ˵뾰Թϵͬһ㣬ˣ
ھ¥ڸطתһĿ⣬ھԵϣ
ڵ棬ȷʵйھԺͳĸִԣǺܶˣȷԵĿŶȵжߡھԵĵ¥ʽҵҲ֤ʵ˾Ժͻȷʵܹϵ
ܶ˿ԵĿ⣬͸ӳˡ
ˣˣ
ԣȻҲӭȥÿ˽¥
ԣҲޱȵ뾰Դк
ˣȻҲк˵̬ȣɾ䵭ˣȻҲӦȶԾԵ̬ȣ֮
ԣĵ¥ܺŶ࣬ҲЦ˵
Ҫɣҿ֮ãЦ˵
˵Ҫɣ㻹ң࿴žЦ˵
ô᣿ˣֻҪһ仰Ի͵¥һˡԼ̬˵
࣬ȻҪԵĵ¥ô˵ҲǷǳˣϵЦݸá
ԣһ£ЦŰ˰֣˿վԵһߡ
ӻ󣬾Ծע⵽˻ߵλߣʶˡǣҲܲµλݾԲ򵥡Ϊͻͬʱģվλͬġ
ʱ仰ԶʱЦݡ
λǵʦЭĸ᳤ĵĵҲһλ弶ʦҲ࣬˵
ʲô
ʦЭĸ᳤찡ȻǶٳǣ
ԺôӣȻʦЭĸ᳤ˣ
ĵĳ֣Ȼþ¥ڵգﵽһ塣
Ȼľˣܶʶġǣĵͷʵ̫̫ˡͷҪȻٳǳˡ
ٳǳڶٳǣȻܱȵġǣеĻٳǳݣͲôҫˡ
ʦЭḱ᳤ݡ
ڣҲĿģ˭ύ˵ĸ᳤ȥǵڣκһУܵ¡صĽӴ
£ǿˣҲҪ֣
ǿǣ弶ʦһǵ˵Ĳ弶ҩƳƷһȵĵҩ
ƳȵҩԳ֮ΪСƳһȵҩܱƵ
ĵݣҲһ
Ľʱ֪Ŀ϶ǴҲеĳȻû뵽ĵݣôߣߵס
̫ˣ
ԣĵʦԣֻ΢΢һ˲ͻָģ˵
Сѣ̫ˡģܿİڰ֣Ц˵ûʲôӣƽ׽˵ӡ
ԻĺܰͣûôķءģֶԻЦ˵
ڳˣóڿЦ
ǰ;ģֶԾ˵һ䡣
ĵʦ̫ˣһԶǫ˵
ȴǰڵľԣȷʵû԰ıǮԣȻҲСģǲ̫ˡԣǶʦֻһЩҩģȴ弶ҩ
Ҫ֪龳ǿߣʹõĵҩҲļ弶ҩѡڣжٵ龳ǿߣĵ
Ȼˣھǲܶ࣬Ժ󣬾ͺ˵ˡԣǬϢģ
ˣĵ峤ҰҲǰѹеļ˵
Ȼ
ȻǻԻ͵¥ҵӣԻ͵¥ֻǾԵĸ˲ҵǣҲǾ˰й⣬ǾȻҲմ⣬Ϊҵ峤ôܲ˷ܣ
˵ʵߵλǵʦЭĸ᳤󣬾ҰֱӾʹסˣһʱ䣬Ŵлָ
ھҰ£ĵˣ
Ȼϯλ֮ϡ
ԣų˺͵ˣӴĿˣҰɡҰھߵ˵
峤ˡЦЦ˵
ԣҲ˳ߵλá
ԣҩ㵤¥Ƴģ
ھºģͻȻóһƿҩԾѯʵ
ʵγҲɺϡٳǣҪʯɽѰһݵġ
ʯɽݵԴȲ»ɭ֣ɺʯɽҲݣҳϡеĸ߼ݡ
ʯɽҪٳǡģҲˣȻ˳һһȻ˾ԡʱҲû⣬弶ʦǵ龳ǿߣνţ̫̫ˡ
ǣóһƿҩЩ಻סˡҩƷʣ̫ˣܳΪ弶ʦԵһ;ȻżߵִšһҩʱͶ˽ȥҪҵҩƷ
գûܳɹ޷ɹĸƳԣʻҩǴʲôطġҩǶٳǻԻ͵¥Ƴġ
ģһӣԻԻ͵¥˾ԣ˼Ȥ


220 
֮ԻϯԻ͵¥Ŀҵ䣬ҲΪˡ
зǳ棬Ի͵¥ǴʲôطŪЩҩġңյϢԻ͵¥ĿǰӵеָƷҩٵӡ
Ҳ˵Ի͵¥Ϊпʶҩһзǳ߳ɾ͵ĸˡԻ͵¥ǾԣôܾǾʶλˡ
пܣλˣʱڵ¥֮ڣ
ȻΪ弶ʦҲҪύλܹƳ˾ҩĸˡ
ĵĻ󣬻ˣĿҲԡˣȻǵʦҩҲûʲôоǴҶһҩʲôƷʣǻֱܹġ
ԣ֮ȴЦġ
ĵʦ˵ҩұƵģ᲻ţԣЦ˵
ڻĵݺ󣬾ԾԼ²⵽ĵʦԭˡ
ԣԤϵĿܻѯԼڻԻ͵¥ҩ⡣
仰һ˵ĵˣʱһ
Сѣ˵ҩƵģĻ˻ŵҩ
һг𾪡
𾪣ǻҲ𺳡ԣʲôʱΪҩʦˣ
ҩʦһ㣬Ŀǰ֪˲࣬ǾڲҲֻĳϾӢȽ
Ի͵¥ҩȷʵвƳģҲвҩһԻ͵¥ҩʦƳġĿǰƷߵһҩǳ֡ԼЦ˵
ҵҩˮƽѾǳˡȾԣƵҩȻҪһЩҪﵽԵˮƽһ·ҪߣҪʱ䡣
ҩʦǾ͸Ѵﵽҩϵˮƽˡ
ΪԺ;ңȻ̵ЩҩʦҩҩƷϣҲиĶġ
ԿɲϣŪ̻ͽܶʦ顣
ԾңԲָǶˣͱˡ
ңҲ֪һ㡣
Ҳ˵Ի͵¥ҩʦ츳ٳڣҲǼܴﵽҺ;ҩϵĳɾ͡
ȻˣʱƣȷЩҩʦȷʵֵεģԼǰٷְҳϵģԵҲǲԣǵ
ڣˡϾǸոļģȻЭƣϣЭ飬Ҫ㹻ʵġһԻ͵¥ҩʦԺʲôߣǾԾЭ飬ô죿
˵Ի͵¥ҩʦԼҸ˹ȥȻԼҶϼӱڵʵɱԼңȥԼҪˣԼҲܽˡ
ʵǵһҪأʵһжǿ̸
Сѣ㲻ڿЦɣģȷʵǺš
ڼҩҲԺ֮УճҩҩʦģǣûйչҩʦҩãƳƷҩˣӦúܴԼ
ôĵʦأĵʦǲţһҿֳҩ㿴¶εı顣
ʵϣģҲǾþƭԼֻǣһԽʵ
˵Ըǰֳҩͼȷ˵ˡ˵ٻϾܱ𴩣ʲô壿
һĵɫһЩ仯
СѣҴ۽ˡԵĻ뾰СѣҩϣָһģȻ˵棬˵ֻ
ң̬ҲǷǳǫǳ̾ԡ
ԣ΢΢һϲ
ֽƸƷҩӦˣıȻǷ顣
ڣв֪ٴҪǷ顣飬Ǽġ
ڣԼ͵ǰҪǲ֪ץסǲɵˡһҩƾ飬ǷԼһ飬̫ˡ
ĵʦԸҽҩ飬ҵȻҡԵЦŴӦ
ǺǣҪҩľ飬ҲҪȳԹɣڣǲǸȳԷҲЦ˵
ǣҶˡ۾
ţżżġȳԹԹ˵ĵĿУ˷ܵĹ󲻶˸ȻЩȲˡ
ھǾ˵ˣȥҩľԶκԥҲ룬̾ߡ
ǣҪԣЩˡ
Թӣ
ʱһӰҴҴ˽ЩҵĽк
ţ
棿ԿˣĿ΢΢һ
գԻ͵¥ʽӪҵǡ棬ڵ¥ǱæµԾ¥ߵĽӴҪǸ
ڣȴЩҵ¥˲֪϶ǳʲô״
棬΢΢Щ˿뾰һˣ֪Щˣ϶ǴҲӦžԣû취
棬ʲôˣʵ
ǳ״Բŵ¥Ĺܵ֡
¥¡֮ǰЩ֪ô˵ھ˳Ȼ˵˳
£Ŀк΢΢һ
գǻԻ͵¥ʢӣԻ͵¥ľ֣ѡ£ҲԤ֮С
ȥЦЦ
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ȻԶٳǵʮ˽⡣ǣһЩ飬Ҳӻ֪һЩ
Ի͵¥ǾԵĲҵԻ͵¥УڱҿƣǾˣôʲôˣҵеĻԻ͵¥£
Щˣȷʵ񻰣ɫҲ΢΢һ
ԣҺһȥҵҪʲô˸ҵԻ͵¥ȥ£ɫ˵
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ҶעˣҶעһ¡Ի͵¥ҩҿǧҪϵ˭ڻԻ͵¥ҩ˭ɵӣ
ҾڻԻ͵¥򵽼ҩˡ
Ի͵¥һ˵ǾԲС
ǣԻ͵¥һ˵Ի͵¥ȻҹȻۼҩΪӦַܵ
мߣڻԻ͵¥֮ⲻϵĽ
Ի͵¥ǰ죬ӪҵղʽӪҵԻ͵¥ǳãҩߣҲࡣзضΣߣͬǳࡣ
⼸֣ȻǺܿ˴Χߡ
˵Ի͵¥ۼҩʲô֤ݣǣһԷŭ˵
Щ쵰ȻµġǣãǶԵ¥ӰԺܴ󡣾ǣҲֱӶ⼸߶֣Χ۵̫ˣǲ˵ֱӶ֣ǻԻ͵¥Ҳض˷顣
֤ݣ
û֤ݣǻ˵
ǻԻ͵¥Ҫǲһ˵Ǿǵ¥ȥǲ˵컹컹춼һƤڵߣƵĿžǡ


221 ǹ
ԣһܹ˵һǾ
ߣΪԻ͵¥ƴ֣оţǾǣ
ѹˣҲÿǶٳǵߴӦӦٳǣĵط
⼸ˣҵģΧ۵Խ࣬ǵıݾԽǿҡ
ǣԼɣƵһ
˵Լ֤ݣǾóֻϵĹҲòǵˣǵУҲһ⡣
ܹ˵Ķԣ죬Ҳ˻Ի͵¥ĲҩЩҩЧܺãûʲôҩһߣü˵
ҩҲû⣡ҶùһƿЧȷʵǳá
˵Ǽǲǹ⵷ҵģ˵Ի͵¥ۼҩ͸ó֤֤ǣ
һЩߣۣҲ׷ΪԻ͵¥˵
֤ݣǵȻ֤ݣȻԻ͵¥Ҫ֤ݣǾó֤ݣߣб۾г˵
ţóһЩҩ
ߵˣҲ׷óһЩҩЩҩƿϣлԻ͵¥ı־
ȻԻ͵¥ҩʱ䣬ɻԻ͵¥ҩƿϵı־Ҳʶˡ
˭ڻԻ͵¥򵽼ҩģԹ鿴Щҩ١ߣеҩƿӣ˵
ߣҾͲŻԻ͵¥ҩǼٵģ
ʱһߴ
ţһߣ߳Ⱥź߼ˡ
λǿܲʶңٳǣʱȷʵҩһϣϻһģǵһʦߣܴΧߣ˹˵
ʦ
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찡ȻеʦǶٳˣ
ʦƺҪΪԻ͵¥ͷӣѵǾʶˣ
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ģҩǼٵģҿ϶˵ģʦȻȲЩǻҪЦ
ùߵҩƿӣ򿪣ϸıһ£üͷȴ
ˣǲ
ߵˣҲԼȰźõġóҩƿǻԻ͵¥ģҩȴǱġЩҩǲŪģ֪ܲҩǼٵģ
ڣȻͬϷ
ԼҵĿģҪԻ͵¥ֻҪţԻ͵¥мҩôЩˣ뵽Ի͵¥ڹҩ͵õˡ
λʦˣôЩҩǼٵİɣûԩԻ͵¥ɣλ󣬿ɲΪԻ͵¥󣬾ƫǣߣ۾Ųʡ
û뵽Ի͵¥ڣȻۼҩ̾ϢһǺʧҡҡͷûҩȷʵǼҩ
ٿģ
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Ի͵¥ô£ΪΣۼҩ̫Ӧˣһϧ̬
λʦˣǻԻ͵¥ҩмٵģǣʱɫҲǳѿ
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Ҳǳջ𣬵ʦһλʦҲҵ
Ŷ
ô˵Ի͵¥Ǿʦ˵ٻˣǲǾãʦðģЦžǡ
λΪʦǼðģȫȥǲѯ룬㵨ˣҲԲҺð䵤ʦİɣÿһλʦǵĵʦЭᣬǵǼڲģ
ǺǣǳʶˣҵһεٳǣȻǼðʦˡ˵
ǣҲסˡ
û˵λʦǼðģǰˣֱԼһΣͺЩϢǾ˵ġ
ܵΧߣʱҲüˡ
ѵԻ͵¥ڳۼҩ
λʦˣ˵ķǳе㵨ٴˣҲǲð䵤ʦġҲ˵ˣӦһλʦ
Ի͵¥ȻһλʦݣʦǺεȸ߸ϵĴڣεȵ磬ڱɣǶŭҲӦõġ
ò˵ߣԵʦǷǳ羴ġ
ʦ˵ĻһӰ켫
ҲȷʵǴ򵥵ģ͸Χ۵ڶߣӪһԻ͵¥ŰĵһӡΧ۵ߣĵϣʼɻԻ͵¥ǲڳۼҩ
Ⱥ󷽣һڣԵԪˣһЦݵ￴š
ĿǰΪֹǵļƻܳɹ
ֻҪټӰѾôԻ͵¥Ӧþˡ
ǣڻʲô˵Ի͵¥׸һߣֺͱ˵̬ʾǡ
޷֤óҩǻԻ͵¥ȥģҲû̫ð취ˡ
Ŷ˼˵ЩҩǻԻ͵¥ˣôҩƿϵı־ҲǻԻ͵¥ˣߣζеҩƿӣҶҶԻ͵¥תͲ˰ȥҩתǾͲˡ
Ի͵¥ƤҲǹģû£ǾǲƤġаǲϣǲϣǾѵ˶֪ǵ¥ҩҾͲţǻԻ͵¥Ժȥһƿҩߣڲŷǳá
ɿټϵʦ֤ôΧ۵ˣʼţԻ͵¥ڳۼҩˡ
ǰڻԻ͵¥ǧʯҩУҵúúü飬˵Ҳмҩ
˵ǰҲ˲١мҩĻҲһԻ͵¥ˣ
ǣҪ˻ЩҩǻԻ͵¥ģ̾Ҫ˻еߣóһЩҩŭıʾҪ˻
еһϾеڶ
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񶫾¥ֱԻ͵¥⣬ͿһȺ˵Ի͵¥ۼ٣Ҫ˻
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ˮǹɵģΪ˴ңʲôֶζóˡɨУź˵ȥ
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˻ģԣֻҪǴһԻ͵¥ҩȫ˻˻ԣԪת¡¡еȫѹȥ
˻֮ǰһʱ䣬ҪȽҩ飬ˣһԻ͵¥ûҩұ븺𰡣ұ룬һеĿ⣬󣬾ֽ˵һ䡣


222 ֤ҩЧ
еŭ⣬һ
Ի͵¥мҩһٷְٿԿ϶ôЩˣǷ̰
ԵȻţЩûк֡
Ļ˭
޷ǾԼҡ̼ҵ
Ѿ㹻ˣԼҵȴǲġͱˣεơ
浱ԣûƢ𣿾ˣԣοˣ
ǰȥȺĿ⣬ԡ
Ҳ˵ˣҪ˻ȫԡֻǣҪȸǼ߹һʱ䣬һǿԵȵġ
ԣã
Ի͵¥ģĵ¥ۼҩô˵죬һ߿ԣɫʱЩš
һΣĽšղżʱǽװġ
ҩЦЦȷЩҩǴӻԻ͵¥˵ʵҸһλˡ
ȻǴӻԻ͵¥ҩôһԻ͵¥ԣвǣߵˣ뾰ԶӣȻӲ
Ҳ֪ʵǿǱˣҲܺǵġǲţԸĿ֮£ô
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ˣЩĻڣҲû취
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⣬һ
ۣһâӺߵϻ
Ѫʱӿ
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ֻøһʹʶľҽС
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ԣ̫˰ɣ㵤¥˼ҩ˽𣿡üͷʡ
һ˵顣ΪҲ֪ԼҽΪ˶Ըݼǲкܶ˶ƭȥˣתĿ
ʲô񣿡
ѵǸĵܵܲ񣿡
˵ɱ˲ĵӣǳԹ޾ԡǲĵܵܲ񣬸ղŻΪԻ͵¥˵ܵΧߣֵ
֪˲ݣ΢еӵˣʹ뵽ʲôصĹˡղţ˵ŻԻ͵¥ۼҩģֱ֤ЩҩŻһڷ磬˶ΪǶԻԻ͵¥ʧ
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ãõģӦһת뵤¥ֳܿһƿͼҩ
λͬһԻ͵¥ҩЧôһ֤ͬԣӹҩܵڶ߹˹֡
üͷ΢΢һ壬Ȼ֪Ի͵¥ҩЧǳǿ󡣺ߵ˵ҩǱļҩڿǺߣҪ֤ͼҩЧΡ
һ֤Ч϶ܺáô죿ѵμƻǰ
ԣҲ̫Цˣóһƿҩô֪ǲǵͼҩҪóһƿЧҩЧ϶ܺð
ʱһ̶
Լ峤ԵԪ̼峤ƽˣ˳˵ģԵԪ
ڿ𣿡ЦԵԪˡ
ԣ㲻ҪѪˣǣ·ˣԻ͵¥۸ͨߣǿȥȻԿ˵ԵԪĿĶžԡ
Ի͵¥Լҵв̫ˡԻ͵¥һԼҵҩ⣬ԻήԽܵĵزвʦæԼҵҩҲԻ͵¥ҩһ㣬֮ǰǾйʶ
ʦ׿ڳϣ޷ƳԻ͵¥ָƷʵҩ
񣬵ȻҲúܶҲΪöŻͬŭԻ͵¥޾ԣǻԻ͵¥ûӡԣԼҡ̼һͬҪԻ͵¥Ի͵¥
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ע⵽ˣȴûע⵽ߵġ
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һ˵ϳġɫ΢΢һڣ嶼˲٣緭֪ʦЭĸ᳤ΪλͻȻڶٳǡ
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ҪΪԵĻԻ͵¥֤ҩȼ⵽ʲô
ǺˣԵԪվʱЩʵ
ʶģվһ𣬾ĲˬڵԵԪԳܴ
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ðĶϹʲôƽҲбۣɨļۣƵĺȵ
ǺǣҲðĶǵʦЭĸ᳤ġϴЦ˵
ʲôԵԪϢʱһ۾Բ
ʦЭᣬ᳤
꣬˶ٳǣվԼǰ
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˼ת֮䣬ԵԪɫҲЩҰ
Ǻǣ룬Ӧʸ񣬼һƿҩĵȼ˰ɣļЦ˵
ĵʦԽеĵͼҩ˫ֵ͸ġ
ƿҩǵͼҩȷɣĺܿʹ˵
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Ǻ߼ˣԼҵĿԼ
үǵͼҩ
Ҳţ
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ȻǾۿһԻ͵¥ĵͼҩЧ죬ںϡ
һ֣ߣץ˹˺ۣ¶ЩȻ˿ڡ˿Ȼܴ󣬲Ǻ˵ƾСơ


223 Ǹ׺ӣ
ͼҩԵں˿ϡ
ߵȻҲھУģ޷ѡ
˿ڣۿɼٶȿС
ϣеҩɿڷҲáһ˵Ļ߶ѡҩЧ졣
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ЧҲֲ̫˰ɣмҩûЧ˵
Ի͵¥ҩȷʵǺöҩۼ۽öʯһƿ̫ˡ

ĿҩЧ𺳵ġ
˵컨׹ܴﵽĿõЧ
ǰգȻ˶˵Ի͵¥ҩЧãɾЩһΪԻ͵¥ҩڴ߶ԣжٻǻǡ
ڣǶۿҩЧǽǣȻҲʧˡ
ǲʮʱ䣬ߵ˿ڣѾȫס֮ǰѪҲɺԵֻҪˮϴɾô˿ڣͻֻʣһǳǳӡۡ
λһԻ͵¥ͼҩЧҶˣ
ڣ˹һԻ͵¥ҩȫ˻ֻҪȷϣȷʵһԻ͵¥ҩһԻ͵¥˻ЦŶΧ۵˵
⼸óҩҩƿӣһԻ͵¥ƿӡƿڵҩȻһԻ͵¥ҩ
ˣҪһԻ͵¥鷳ҪһԻ͵¥÷࣡Ϊޱȵıӣ˲ݣ
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峤˵ǰɣ峤˵ʲôˣôӵ󣬾ԵĿ⿴ԵԪ
⡭ԵԪ϶ʱЩεɫ
ʶĿ˿Զĵʦ
ʱ򣬲ﻹðͷоԵԪĿ⣬ȴҲֻû
ԵԪһɫЦЦ
ǼٸһλᣬֻҪԸ˵ʲôԻ͵¥ҵģҾͷŹǡǾͲҪҲˡԣĿһתɨ߼ˡ
߼ˣʱѾʧȥ˸ղŵ档
ǵĿ⣬ԵԪˣȻȵ˼
ԿɲһˣԵı󣬲оңгǿĺ̨
ԵĻԻ͵¥ңڱץһУǾֱŪǣûʲô⡣
Ե̬ȣǲܸһĻɵǡ
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壬ɪɪԵԪǿҲֻԵԪܾǡԵԪֵĻҪֻܽԼĻָʹ˵ˡ
Ҹʱ䣡
ǣǲ˵ĻǾҲûлῪˡʱ˵ˡԵɫһƺ⣬߼ˣڡ
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峤ʲô˼Ϣʵ
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ֻǿȥˣ
Щ࣬ȻҹԻ͵¥ϧԣҲҪлңֻԼӦ顣ԵԪЦЦ˵
ܵߣԵԪ
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⣬Զˣ
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ֻǣ߼Ѿˣڸûֱ֤ˡ
Ǻǣ峤ֶΰЦЦ˵ԵԪ˹֡
ԵԪɫ࣬ɨ˾һۣȻԵļڣû취˵ʲô˵ʲôԽԽڡ
ܵʲôˣЩңȻ޷Ըˡ˵һøлǣһԻ͵¥ڴҶһԻ͵¥ҩЧˡԽЦ˵
ԵԪϢһһѪ
ԭļƻǲģмԻ͵¥ˮ㾰ԳִҲŤת档ΪһһλʦڡʦĻ˭ţû뵽һλʦЭĸ᳤ȻҲǵĲʦһӾͱˡ
һʧ̫ؼˡ
ܵߣһЦ
Ի͵¥ҩǺãҹҩŲ˻
ûԺҪҩԻ͵¥طҶȥˡ
һҲԺֻڻԻ͵¥ҩ
ܵΧˣ׷״˵
ЩԵԪɫĿ񣬲ϵɨžԡ
룬ھ͸ɵԣܣסȲ˵ԵߣһλʦЭĸ᳤ġ֣ҲǲһˣǵȴԼҵģԳܵĿº
ٷŭҲš
ף
ȥ
ԣһҪ͵͵뿪Ӱᡮסһ
壬ʱֱһ£תϴһֹŹֵı顣
񣬸ղŲ˵һԻ͵¥ҩǼٵ𣿡Цʵ
ԣ㲻ҪѪˣʲôʱ˵Ի͵¥ҩǼٵˣɫǺ죬ĺȵ
˿ɶۿˣڵҲвͨɣһ㶣û뵽ƤȻ֮񣬸ո˵ĻھȻͲˡ
㲻ϣô˶֤Ҳˡ
ԣҸղֻ˵ǼóҩǼҩû˵Ի͵¥ҩǼҩ˵õҩԻ͵¥ġŲ˵
ղţûֱ˵Ի͵¥ҩǼҩһ㣬Ȼһʼмƻˣֱ˵ղŵı֣Ȼ˵Ի͵¥ҩ
ҪģҪ̶ֳȣҲǺ΢΢һֲҪƤһƻȽģһӻҲ̫õİ취
񣿵ʦ
ǵʦЭǼڲĵʦ𣿡ģ˿
ƺеӡӦǼȻ϶ǲϤġ
ĵʦǸ׺ĵӡ˵
Ĳʶ񣬵һʶ׺׺ǣҲС
Ǹ׺ĵӣĿ΢΢һ


224 ޶⳥
һˣ
ĵʻɲǼ䣬;һƬհס
ͻĸöࡣȻѾѧԺԺִ£ҲǼߣǲǰ;ȻȲöࡣ
ѾһĵʦȻһʦкܶܶʱܳΪʦʦܻõĳƺš
񣬶Լǰ;ǳأҲڵҩһϣиߵĳɾͺ
ǣǵʦЭĸ᳤ģһܲӡĻôͿ˵ǰ;Ͳˣʦ׺޷̫ࡣ
ЩԼݣֲҷϡ
㻰ô˵ü
ڻԻ͵¥˹⵷һµʼĩĵȻҲˡȷĻʹٳǵԼΪӦҲԼġ
ԼңҲö棬Ҫ棬ҲǶٳǳȨڲʦȨˡ
Ȼǵĵʦ֮УǺܴ󣬿ڶٳСУһʦķǾصġ
ľãԼɳֵĻǾԺͻԻ͵¥ЩѰ졣
Ļ֪ҲǵʦһǶСûгһԼҺͲˣһӻҡ
᳤ˣǲ񣬸׺ʦʦ΢΢һ£˵
˵ٻ
˵ٻ֪һӷŭʦ׺ܵǣ
⣬ɾʹˣ
ΪΪŰüʵ
᳤ˣǧҪᰡҲǡϵƭˡҸ뾰ԣûκεĳԹҿ϶һԻ͵¥鷳
ҽΪȷʵүԻ͵¥˲ٵ鷳õ¥ܵӰ졣Ը⣬⳥үʧֻܾȡ
óĸ᳤뾰ԣƺİ·ô򵥡ôþĻĸ᳤ӦþͲƽԼΪˡ
ӦҲмΪһС£ץԼš
뵽æԡ
үԸ⳥ʧ
ŶԣĿ΢΢һ
ȻԲҲǷǳŪҲЩʵòѪһΣҲ
Ե۾һЩЦŲ񣬡ʦȻôгĻҲãϵƭˡֻǣ⳥֣Ƕأ
Եı飬ʱݺݳ鴤һ¡⳥֣ǲþ⣬ϵƭ̾ͻֱ仯
Ը⳥ʮʯ΢˵һͷѪ֡
Ȼǵʦ˵ǳԣվֻһһʦңĴ󲿷ԴҪТʦ׺ԴҲǷǳࡣ
ʮʯ˵ѾǺܲˡ
ʮ򣿡ɫһ䣬Ǻǣʦһζٳ֮Уջٰʮʯôһ֣ʦȻھ˵
ЦЦ
ʮ򡭡ʮʯһҧ
˵ķҪҲûȥˡ˻Ļ쵰θ̫ˣʮʯ١
æͺʮʯ֣ȫȻһ亹ʮʯϣȫʯֻˡҲһͨ쾳ߣһʦݣܻܳʮʯֻҲǷǳǳĲˡ
ðɣͶʮʯɣȻǲֲһԻ͵¥ʧ˭˾أЦЦǿͬˡ
ʮʯڵľ˵治ʲô˲֡ܰװ׬ȡʮʯֶΪأ
ҧŲţյĽҲδܶԾԸ
үмһ
Ը⳥ʮʯԻǲϰݵĻҲͻȥˡˣԺǻǣô˵Ҳһʦȥһطܻ췹ԡ
ѾˣƵ׼ԣȴͬ⳥֡ҲãԲҧŲţĴȻҲҧһһʦţ֮䣬ûʲôɻìܡ
񣬵óʮȵʯ𿨽ԡ
ʦҿɾͲˡЦʯ
žԵЦݣеŭͲڣЦ˵Ӧõġ
ڣǲ޾ˣԵԪˡҪԵԪҲװȥʮʯУһᵽԼȥԵԪֲԼʧ
Ի͵¥һ£ҲĻˡ
Ժģûٻصľ¥Էֱӵ˵¥¥ҩľ顣
ˣҲȥ
£Ի͵¥Ϳڱһ̨ס
ԭһЩɵߣҲԻ͵¥ҩ
ڻԻ͵¥¥̾ô꣬δˣҩϣǿļɡ
뾰һҲԼǳ
ҩ˵Ȼû̫ôǣҩ͵ҩͬͬԴġһͨͨԼãԼڵҩϣƺҲ˲ٵĴ
Ҫ뾰һǺЩ
ԣԺǣʲôҪҳ棬ʦЭҡģ󣬶Ծ˵
һŵˣ
Ҫõ弶ʦĳŵɲףŵ޼ۣ
ڣûж£ĳ涼޷ƽġ
仰ȻҲлģǷһˣ飬Ȼõؼʱ
ڻԻ͵¥ͣʱ䣬뿪ٳǽʯɽ
һηƽ˾ӣԻ͵¥⣬ھһʱĸ֮߳Ҳƽÿ쵤¥󣬶ܱһʯ֮ϡ
ԵȻҲûκεͣЪƷʯ͹ԪϵʹõΪڽ
º󣬾ԵΪǴﵽھ۷壬̤ھ硣
һʱӶǵڷҲһԴǾںڷ򽻸ȫĲҵһʱľֵҲǴﵽ˳ʮöʯ֮ޡ
ȫΪڷ򳤺ˮзǳߵľ츳ںڷһã͸ûˡ
ڷԴҲǳĵͷ
ʵȫԴҲ⣬ûҪЩԴȫ˵þĵ׾ͺ죬֤ûˡҪȫۺˣЩھԵԴȥǾԻ鷳ȴҲ䵭ȥ
Ժȫʲô£Ծδػְæˡ

ԼҴԺڡ
Լ峤ԵԪɫƽУȴε͸żֽƣʱĽĿ⿴ȥƺǣڵʲôˡ


225 ɱ
գգ
Ų⴫
ԵԪ͵վĿһŷ
ţ⣬ͽӰǰˣԼһλϣһˣϴ֣һϮɫۣ
ҹɱ֣
Ӵ˵װֻҪ԰ҹ֯һ˽⣬֪һǰҹɱ֡
ɱֵǰһöɫѫ£˲ͽԵԪĿ˹ȥ
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ҹ֯ɱ֣ҪΪȼͼľͭɱ֣һΪɱ֣ɱ֮ϣǿµĽɱ֡
һ֣ܺǰѫɫܹһ۷ֱ
ʱԼһڵˣȻһµİҹɱ֡
ѾǵһаҹɱֽԼˣһǰԼҾһҹɱ֡Ǹɱֻ֣ͭɱ֡գҹɵͭɱ֣˶ٳ֮ĿҰϡ
ȻȷͭɱǱɱʱ뿪ٳǣ˴ԼʱٴλӾԻصٳǺıֿͭɱ֣˳ɵĿܶھС
ˣɱֳ֣ԵԪܵ롣
һ죬Ѿܾúܾˡ
Լҵͷȴ£ǽԳ
Ϊ˽´ãԵԪһʱ䣬ˡڵĸˣҲݻһڵˡ
һղԵԪҼˣʳѰڣҹɱ֣ˣĻǽɱ֡Ҳ˵Եڣˡ
ҹɱֵĿ£ԵԪ龳ǿߣЩëȻ
ڴ֮УҹĽɱ֣רŸɱ龳ǿߵĴڡ
ּɱ֣ڰҹ֯УҲ١
˵еɱ֣ײβģûۼ˵ܹҹɱֵˣѾˡ
λγƺԵԪ΢΢֣ǫЦݡ
峤׻ͱ˵ˣˣ׵ġźɫ֣Ϣһ⵶һɱ֣ԵԪ˰˵
ǾԣĿǰںδ˵ͳɤֱʵ
ҹţȷʱСлԻ͵¥֮ڡ⣬ӦڻԻ͵¥ĵĲ㡣Ի͵¥һ㣡Ĳ㣬СƽĵطԵԪæӦ˵
Ȼɱֵ̬ȣǳԵԪΪ⡣һͭɱ֣̫ԵԪӣοվǰģһλɱ֣
ţ֪ˣɱֵͷҹԻ
Ѿԣڡ
ɱ˵仰ӰͻȻĻζһ¡ţӰʧڷ֮ڡ
ԵԪ龳ǿߣûз֣Էʧġɱֵ书򣬿ƿֲ
רŰɱ龳ǿߵĽɱ֣죬ǱˣԵԪһ˵
ǾСȻҹĽɱԶ֣ҲˡԼҳϣһ˵
û취С̫гšһΣǵǲҪ֧ˣһǵίУҹûɣֻǽίаˡѾ֧ʯ³ɺ֧ʯβɣԵԪЦţͬʱĵͷ
һΰҹͭɱֱԸɱˣҹˣһҲǳŭɡǵɱ֣ɼʧֵʱ򡣡ԼҳЦ˵
ǰΪŭҲֱɳһɱԶԾԶˡԵԪ
ҹɳһλɱֻɱԣȻЩСˣԼ޹أԼҪģֻǾ
ҹ֮󣬾Ϣͻᴫ鶫ٳǡһǻԻ͵¥תȥ
뵽ԼԵԪ̲סЦ
㣬Խͷˡ
ҹˮ
УĵضڣֵϵҲѾֻ࣬ܿǵļӰ
Ի͵¥ڣȻƻͨԻ͵ʽҵ󣬱ȫʮʱӪҵȻҹ乺ҩ߽٣ҹ۶Ҳܴﵽǧʯӣܴﵽǧʯ۶
ǮȻҪ׬ġ
ʱһһӰڻԻ͵¥Զط䡣
ˣϴźɫ֣ȫɫĳۣ·ˣ뵽˺ڰ֮Сߴ߾ע⵽Ĵڡ
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ԼҵʱӥûԵԪֻ̫࣬ԵԪȷ˾Ŀǰڵλá
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Ȼ˵ʵǿǱΪţڱϾֻһСС쾳ߡ
֯ΪͭɱֺѸ㶨оԵСӣҲɳһɱְǣ֯ȴɱָˡ
֯ľ޷Ҳģֻٳǣ׼оԵСӻɱ뿪ٳСطûκȤͣʱ䡣
ಣӰһֱӷڶ
龳ǿߣ
ҹɱ֣Ȼһλ龳ǿߡڵϣֱշУԻ͵¥Ĳλá
ڻԻ͵¥Ĳǽϡ
û˿һĻһ龳ǿҲδػע⵽ӥӰ
⽨ǽڵǼ̣費סңӥµǣᳶһ£ĺȻһڶ̽
Ԫתڶ̽ϣһƬµĺڹӿ
ֻӥ̽ǽһ̣ǽڶʱһӡ
죬䣬ǽϱ㱻ڳһ˽Ĵ󶴡
Ի͵¥ʱʹõĲѡãͶϺõġЩϷǳ̣һ쾳ߣҪƻҪķѲٹ򣬵ǣڵ龳ǿǰȻǲһ
ڱĿľԣüͷ΢΢һ۾Ȼ
Ծ
ԣӦ΢𶯡
ʱ򣬾Եжͷſһ񹦣бͼֲδ̤쾳ʱ򣬾Եоͳ쾳ǿߣܺ͵龳ǿ߱⡣ڵľԣѾھ磬ӽھ磬еȻȵܶࡣ
ԣȻ΢ɾȻˡ
ã
ಣ˲վһ䡣
ɲǣǽϣһɫӰ͸˽
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ĿһоϤϢҹɱֵϢһǰڶٳ⣬Ծ밵ҹɱִһΣһͭɱ֡һΣɱֵϢȻ˼ޣǾȻܲɱֵĿ£Ǹͭɱּࡣ
龳ͷһ˿⡣
ӻԻ͵¥Ĳǽڣֱǿ룬оųɵĿԣԷһ龳ǿߡ
ಣԲκεͣԵ龳ǿߣһҹɱ֣֪Լκεʤ㣡


226 Ů
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ڷֽԻ͵¥ǰҹɱֺ󣬾ԵһӦǴ߶֮롣
ھԲǳǿʤʱ
ԷʵԼ൱ǱԼ΢ǿһЩǾԶܶһԼҲһĥ
ǣԷǵ龳ɱ֣ôȥǿߣȥǲӽˮԼ
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죡оֲɱ׷Խٶޡ
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ǰҹĽɱ֣龳ǿߣȻûܷ֣ȹŮʲôʱ⸽ġԷȻ֮
ңɻԼһˣҲǵ龳ǿߡ
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һɹɱ˾ԣߣȹŮӾʵǿҪ׷Ҳ̫ܡóģǰɱɱɹĹؼٶȡû㹻ٶȣӥ֪Ѿٴˡ
Լٶȣӥȵš
ʲô
ǣӥϵЦݣδܱһʱ䡣Ľ⣬ɫƥֱӺƬԾԵĹҲһͬ顣ɫƥ̼䣬Ѿȫ
ͣӥֻüʲô֣ɢ
ɫƥλñջصʱӥΪޡУֻһŨѪ
ԣ㶵ĿǰһĻ
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˵ʬ壬һƺҵ
ȹŮӣʲôΪ
ڵľԣҲвٵļʶˣǴʱ̲ס𾪡ȹŮӵʵƺ̫һ㣡
أ
ԻعȥѰҰȹŮӵʱȻ֣෽ǸλãѾûκӰȹŮӣϢȥˡ


227 ԵԪɵ
ʼգȹŮӲδ뾰˵һ仰һûиԡ
ǣȴΪȹŮֻɾӶ¼䣬ȷʵкܶɺϴڣɾȴãȹŮӣƺһֱԼҲԶĵط
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ܹһ֮䣬ͽҹɱֻɱĴڣжǿĿǰľҲ޷һǿߣ̫̫ࡣ
лĻᶼ𣿡̾һҡҡͷ
ȹŮӵݣ벻Ҳֻܣʱ
һΣ龳İҹɱǰɱȻһǣȻǰδеĽȸСʵ̫һЩԵ龳ǿߣ޻֮
ԼңԼңԵĿ⣬Զĺҹ֮С˫ƣճȭͷ
һǰаҹɱҪԵһֻһͨͭɱ֡һΣȴǵ龳Ľɱ֡һΣֻʲôɱ֣
ʵ뾡ʵ쾳磬ȻԶԶӦԽѣ
̽ǲȻǷε
ԽϣҹɱµĶʰȡ
ҹɱֵǳ׻ΪˡǣʹõͿռָ
̽Ǽķֵܴﵽʮʯ
ָֽڣʮʯ𿨣ԼʮöҵļƷʯ
ɱֵȫңԶԶ֣ɱжὫԴϡһ㣬Ҳס
ˣջҲΪˡ
ĵԴʵ̫ˣڻԻ͵¥۵ĶһЩҩδʼ۵ҩվޡ
ңڵ¥ҩģųɶǽΪͼҩ߼ҩԻǽ١߼ҩŴ󣬵ͼҩԽϵ͡
ĳأ橶
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ٽңԾˬЦ
£Ծ㵵
ԣӵϢѧԺ˽һºʼǶٳǵߣóˣž˵
ԣңҲ£һת
һ£գұҹɱִɱԵ˵ͷ
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ҹ֯Ȼ֪ڽɱ壬ͬһЩ𾪵ĿžԡɣǲԼˣ
ɱ֯ɳɱְɱԣҲ̫˰ɣǰɱԼǻ࣬ɱԣɱ֣
ԣû𣿡Щ
þӦǲῴҲƭԼǣǰҹĽɱִֶɱԣôܰȻվǰ
ҹ䣬ӥɱԣ֮ɱֱŮһлɱûŪʲôԶٳǲ޹ϢҲ֪¡
ǾԼ˵ǻԶ֪£
ȷʵǽɱɣǵ龳ǿߡԵ˵ͷҲ֪ɻ󣬽˵ܻţΪ˴ȣҵʵǿһŮߡŮͻȻ֣Ѿˡ
ŮߣĿĪǰѩ
ǰѩǰѩҿ϶ϳŮߣİĺܡҡҡͷϸڣҲûж˵ŮߴŰɫɴ֮ϸڣԾþ˵Ҳûʲôô
ˣɱ֣϶ԼġԼȷɱְɱԼԼйء
ڣҲûֱӵ֤ݡ
ԼңԵԪʲôҹɱ֣Ҷٳǣɶ񣡡ҲЩŭ
ԼңԽԽˡ
ԣûȷ֤ݣҲöԼֱʦġ˿üͷ΢塣⻰ȻѣԼҵ󣬻ҪԼҶ֣Ҳȷ֤ݡңҪͨһزСֱӶԼҶ֣Ʊ𼫴ķʱδܳܵס
Ҳ֪һ㣬ȷʵû֤ݡɱѾˣҲй˭Ӷǡҡҡͷ˵
ҲҪΪԼԼʦֻǣҪû֪һ㣬ôôԼҡ
֪ˡ˵ͷԣȥ׼һ£գǾͳǰǡ
ǣӦ
뿪󣬾ûֱӻػԻ͵¥ǵԼլԺǰ
˵ȣ뿪
ԼһԣɫȻ̫ÿԼ뾰ҵĹϵˮԼҵİУҸŪˡҵõеĹؼǾԡ
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Цʲôϵѵ֣ҲԼҵģЦʡ
Ȼǡʶ˵
ȻֲԼҵģʲô⣿ԼңǹԵİվڴϣǵˣԳЦ
Լһ΢΢һ㶡
ԼլԺ֮ǰһ߶ҲһŴڵġǰҲ߻ԼլԺ֮ǰֻҪһ£Щ߾ͻ뿪
ڶٳڣԼƵߣҵ
ԵľԣȻ̫ԼӣҾԣռŵֲ֣ԼҵģԼƾʲô˶
ϢܿʹԼլԺ֮ڡ
ԵԪã泩ޱȡЩӣʳѰζŪԡҹǴԸȻޱȡ
峤ܺõӣ
ǰˣû峤Цݣȴһֱ΢Ц
ԼңϲҪ
Ǹϲˣһʱ䣬ԼҿʧСǸľԣԼҶԼҵܴܵ

Լҵӵܣ峤ԵԪ峤ܺõӡ
峤ˣԼһҴұܵԵԪǰ
Ŷ£ԵԪ˿ϴЦݡ
ʵҲ΢Щɻ󣬾λҹĽɱ֣뿪󣬾һֱû¶档ԵԪɻľǣλɱڳɹɱԺҲӦûصԼңȡʯβŶԡɱ֣ȴû¶档
ô⡣ԵԪһ㶼ã龳ĽɱȥɱԣԻܻ
峤ˣҾԣһֱԼլԺ֮ⶺԼһͻô죿ǻ˵
ЩȻ֪Լ峤밵ҹɱֻ棬Ҳ֪ɱҹȥɱԡ
ǻԼڣûм֪¡
ǺǡԵԪʶһЦ۾һԲ˵ʲô
ҲһȻˣӵԲŻ
⻤˵ʲô
˵ԣԼլԺ֮ⶺʲô˼ԲѾ
ԵԪһԼլԺҪھҾҹϢţӦϢܿͻӻԻ͵¥ٳǡ
ڣȴ˵ҵľԼլԺ֮ⶺ
ôʲô


228 ٻ
ѵҹɱֻδ֣
ǣռҹɱֵʱ򣬰ҹɱ˵Իҹģ
ʲôǳ⣿ǽɱָı˼ƻ
ԣǻģԵԪš
峤ֵʻȻ˿ԵԪ峤ʲô˼Բǻģѵģ
ˣôԼլԺԼһͻ
ԣǻİȻɻĺܣʵʵĻش˵
ԵԪֻһûؿڣǰʱһڣֱӻȥ
ߣȥ˻³һԵԪֶԻ
ԼլԺǰ
ԵԪɣԿԵԪЦ
ղ֪ɱ֣龳ǿŶҪɱңʧˡԵԪǲǺܺɱΪʲôʧܣУɱȥԶԵԪ
ɶ񣡻쵰ԵԪ˻
鼫Ťÿ£ݺݵĶžԡɱ֣ĪǱԸˣ
ǵ龳ɱ֣ˣʬ޴棡µ峤㿴̽ǲֵʮʯأԽɱӥµĶ̽ȡ˳ԵԪǰơ
ʲôԵԪиӺȻ
龳ĽɱˣôܣԵԪֿܣɾû龳ɱֿܡ
ѵҹ뾰һ
ǣǻҲɱ龳İҹɱְɣ
ԵԪžԣһԤУ˵ĲǼٻɱ֣ĿѾˣ̽Ҳȷʵɱġ龳ɱûô뾰У
ôģɱֵôģ
Īǣ⾰ߣʲôµǿߣ龳ߵǿߣ
һʱ䣬ԵԪ˼ҷɣԽԽǾûҡ
ȤȤĺܡ峤ˣ̽仰ת뿪
ԵԪУˡԣôôɱôôɱأҹĽɱ֣Ȼɱԣ
Уżһ㱨żҽ´ҹ֯
Ի͵¥ڣ
ԣǹ·Ը𣿡ǣžʡ
оң棬ʱھǰ
ڻԻ͵¥ĲǽƳǸ󶴣ô£ǵҲѯʹԣûж˵
Ǹ󶴣Ҳһʱҹ޸ˡ
ǣҼǰǲμѧԺˣһ뿪֪ʱܻԻ͵¥ͽˡЦ˵
ǵҲ֪Ҫ½ѧԺԾ£ǲûо⡣
ԣİɡˣӦ
Ϊ֪һλʲôʱ䣬ЩɡóһЩƿ
ЩƿڣƿʥҩĴƿڣǾƳĵҩҪһĹԪĻشȵȡ
ЩҩƷʵģֵߡһöĹԪֵܴﵽʯ֮ޡ
ƿҩҩʥҩЧǰߣ죬ЧǺܺõģ屶ĽʡˣÿһƿʱʹáٴóƿʢʥҩĴƿֱ͸ˡ
⻰ɫ΢΢һ䡣߽ҩ屶
ֱŰ
Ȼδ˵ϣȻҩǵȻžԣԼȻô˵ˣҩͱȻЧ
ϵĴ棬̫ˣ
ƿҩҲʥҩԷڵ¥ۡγۣ棬ǸɡҩõúãԻԻ͵¥ǳǣ㼸Сִν΢Ц˵
¥ˣҲġ
ҲѾǸ߼ҩʦˣò˶ãܳΪҩʦҩҶƳǲҩҲѾƷϸڣ̸˾ҡ
պ೵ӳ
ʮٳǵߣǰǡ
ѧԺˣٳһʮʮˣȫ֮ϣȻҲС
ҳ˾֮⣬һоĶʮߣõ˿꣬һСӣδ죬ĿǰΪҲǰ벽죬Ѿܽ
ʮռԼҲռּռһ̼ռһĸһҲǳԶٳǱǣʣǶٳǵڵϳġ
೵ڿҰϼٷɳۣǱڶȥ
һ·ϣԾԣǸ顣ȻȾʹ󣬵ȴһһԸ磬ԾԵĳݣǷĵ׵ģһ㶼ҲоóԾӡ󲻴ԾҲǶָ㡣
ԼҺͲ̼ˣ뾰ûκνȻҲǾԣ֪뾰Թϵͬһ㡣·ϣ˾ԣǾֱǣ˵ȥ
ǲǾԣԿǵĿ⣬ɱڵġ
ԣҲȷʵɵǣ˶ʵĺܣþûʲôɡ˵ǳʮǰǣǺɵŪˣҲáϾʮȥǲμѧԺˣ·ȴ˼ˣȥ󣬿ҲøԼҺͲ̼ҽ
ԣҲסɱ⡣
˲ƣҲͲɱǡһƣԾԲκԥ
ȻǳԼΣմһ·ϣһƵ񶼲ԡ
֮
ۣ𣿡
Ǻ೵ٶȽƿĴܿһȷĳС
ֵϣһϢߣﲻ
ǵӴҲЩӶٳ
ԣûʲôȣǣѧԺڣ˴ӽһʱ䡣
ʵΣԴʱвǾȣЩꡣ
ҾԣֻˣԿŴ⣬ʶ龰аĵ
գǵλã֮⣬ȫͣ
Եʮμӿ˵Ķٳߣеߡ
ӽ쿪ʼǽʱסھۻ¥֮ڣſ֪ͨԾԵ˵
ˣ㲻һ𣿡һɫߣɫЩš
Щ˵ǣǷǳصġǴǵһ뿪ٳǵôңԶĵطӴĳڣǿ߱ȱȽǣǽҲ⡣
Ҳܺһ⿼ڣڻûȷҪصٳȥȿ˿ʼһᾡġûܽѧԺһǻصٳǡЦЦ˵
ԣоˣǹһЩϾǶٳǳġԾ˵
ģ֪ôԵͷ
ˣſƣȥɡסˣǧҪǵ߷ͻûܾǡʮöƣֱ𷢵ÿ˵У˵


229 
ۻ¥ڿ֮Զĵط
¥ҲǿĲҵ
˾ۻ¥⣬ڿ¥¥ѧԺ˵ʱֹͣӪҵרŽӴ׼μӿ˵ߡ
Եʮˣſƽ¥¥߱ڵǼÿϢ󣬷ֱ˷䡣
Щйߣ¥һȻǲᰲ̫÷ġÿһ䣬㲻ˡ
¥ڵĺ÷䣬ǸμѧԺ˵ĳԱġ
ԴˣҲû⣬ھ¥ھסҲֻʱġȿ˺ͻһѧԺ
ԼҺͲ̼ߣӽ¥̾ʹæ뾰ԷֿھߣǾòȫڳҲ뿪ˣҸɽŪˣǿɾԩˡ
¥ڵķڣԱĿ
ˡ
Ǿ𣿡洫һ
Կ˿ŵ
һ¥ߣƿŽԾ΢һ
һоС˵ˣ㡣˵
Ŷ΢΢һ
ĿǰһֱںѧԺһǰعңһΪҴȣΪľԣȥ
ھǣõϢ̹ԡ
ھ¥һ¥ԼһϮɫȹĶ˵ľ
һ¥ߣĿⶼһЩߣҲԴȤҪ뾰ڨ
ԣԺ󣬾ϾԾǰ
ϲı飬Ա
ŶԿ˿Ц˵
һλؾҵʱ򣬾绹ֻڣһȥѾھˡͣȾ΢꣬ǷǳᣬΪ츳ȻҲǼߵġ
Ȼ뾰ѧԺҲйأѧԺԴһСмܹṩġ
ԵĻȴЩ
ԣܿҾ磿Ҹոͻƻʱ䣬Ҹ׶֪ءȵĿžԡ
ͻƾ£ҲֻںѧԺڣϵϺõһЩѧԱ֪ڣ׾峤Ұǲ֪ġôô֪ģ
ѵԵʵѾǿ󵽣һ۾ͿԿľˣϸĴԣֻоϣһֳɽһĺظУȴ޷Եľ硣
Ȼ˵һڣһ龳ǿߣھûתԪʱҲ׼ȷԵľ硣
뾰Ĳһйء
ǺǣЦЦҲû͡
ԣǳȥתתɣҲû׷ʣ°Ȼ顣
ǣǷǳģ붫ٳ֮𡣺þûԣҲ뾰Զ˵˵࿴ǵķ
ðɣԿ˿ܣ˫ѵĿ⣬˵ͷ
Ҿһһμӿˣо꣬ȥҪҪһȥ˵
ȻӦʡ
¥ܿһ˻겢뿪ۻ¥ǵ·ϣܾԵָ㣬ջ񣬶ּһڽ¥ϾͿʼ˷κεʱ䡣Ҳ;ԡȥİӴУջסܾˡ
Ժ;뿪ۻ¥ܿͽһС
Уͬһ㣬еֽУǿĲҵУҲǵڣΪӴķС
㼸ҵκҪĶֻҪ㹻ʯôá
뷻УһģһƬ̯λ
̯λȥΪĻңȴԲСֻҪ㹻ô̯λþ䱦пܵġ
һЩ龳ǿߣʱ̯λֻҪ㹻㹻ô̯λջпܳ
Ҳ˵̯λ˵ʲôʲôˣ̯λѰֵǵ䱦ԻûǰѧԺʱԴ࣬ҲûжĲйûԴ
ԣһο˺һѧԺأ
һߣһġ
㲻ҲѧԺɣҲϣԼѧԺǺѧԺѧԱǼ룬ҲиӦ
ҵľȻҲǺѧԺѧԱɾϲ˼Ҳûʲô
ѾһѧԺˡҡҡͷ˵
ѧԺǲٽȥˡѧԺǺѧԺԺִڶٳǶԾҲһ乫û˵þԶԺѧԺӡ˲Ͳࡣ
Ҳ֪һѧԺΪ˾ȫ񶨡ǣѾӦһѧԺīִ£ȻῼǼһѧԺˣȻҪԶţǲ⣬ǾһѧԺġ
ŶЩʧ
ǺǣѧԺڣҲʱܼġԼʧı飬Ц˵
ҲŶֻࡣҶǣ棬Ⲣʲô£񵱳ڶٳ̫ңԶ
үС㣬̯λϣɶǱЩҴһϹż֮дģıǿɲҪˡ
ү̣⿴ɣЩʵһԲԿ
ЩûҲ˼óĶľƷ

һ̯λϵ̯Ժ;׷׵кȡ
̯λϵĶ߰ʲôⶼУӿʯݣѧҩҩȵȣӦоС
ֻɨһ飬ͲȷЩûûʲôֵ
ˣûЩк첽һ̯λ
ԣЩ̯λûʲôмֵĶȥ濴ɡŷķָָ
ȻǵһˣڴЩ̯λϣҲδмֵ䱦ɨЩ̯λһۡ
ţԵ˵ͷ
̯λϣȷʵʱֹٵĴ˵ǱϾʮֺÿ죬ܼ˵ģϾǷǳǳٵӡ
ţ
ھ׼ӿٶȵʱĿͻȻ΢΢һһ̯λ֮ϡ
̯λ̯λҲû𣬲̯λϵĶԽ٣гһ룬ѧʯЩѧʯȫǲƵģ༫
ԵĿ⣬һƵѧʯ֮ϡ
ԽģԾפͣסţȻҲͣ
̯λ̯һȥʮ꣬Ƥĸݵߡһ˫۾Ժ;㣬ǿת
λʲôߣվڵ뾰˴к
С۾ǳ顣ԡߣױסġκƹһЩߣ̯λȥһЩûмֵö


230 ڶ֮ʯ
ԵĿǿѧʯϿջأ̯
֮
Ȼ֮
ԣƽ
ղӵѧʯ֮ѧʯѧʯоȻһָӦԲǻþ
ȻʱûȱѧʯӴǾԼȷǾԼѧ֮ѧʯ٣żȻԼָӦ
ھҵĲر¥㣬ˮ£õȱ֮ҲΪ֮Եսôࡣ֮ϾǲȱģޣҲ޷̫ࡣ
ڼѧʯ֮ǰһֱΪڼڵǿѧʯΪˣڲ̺֮Ųȫڿ
֮ͱΪ֡ҵǿѧʯֻಿֵ֮һ
ǿɾˡ
ԣôˣĿžԣûʲôöģҪѧʯȥ棬ʥиȼѧʯкܶ༫Ʒѧʯ
Ŀ⣬Ҳ̯λϵȱѧʯɨûзԼĿĶ
Ҳ޷ġԶԾЦЦ
λ˵̫ˣ
ٺ٣̯λɲһ̯λλС˵ʥǿѧʯȷʵ١ǣѧʯֵơ
ٺٺ١λ˵ʵҲʥϵЩѧʯʵҲǴʥڸġǣѧʯǼ۸ɾ͵ˡ
ӣȵĶԾ˵
⾫ӵĻҲÿɷЦЦһ˵ıȷʵСʲôĴ󻰶˵
Ҳû˵ƣ෴ģĿоλ磬ʶʥˣ
ǵȻˣӼƺԼĻظƱ˵
ЩѧʯʥŪģָ̯λϵĴȱѧʯ
ӣȻܿЩѧʯʥڵĺö˵ɣЩѧʯҪʥŪģһöʯҪӣ˾ȻѾϹˡ
ֶΣ˲ɵñĲȱѧʯ
һԣ΢΢ü֪ԵʲôһȷڵľԣԲǱ̯ˡ
ֹŹֵı֣ܿΪĿ̯λϵĳһ
뵽ֿܣҲͲ˵ˣʡƻԵļƻ
λ磬Щѧʯôģ˷ܵʵ
һžԣӣҪһأ
򼸿ģֻǲ֪۸ôҪǱ˵ĻҾͶ򼸿顣ԵȻױ¶ԼĿꡣ
Щڷڰ̯ļһûһɵӣֻҪ֪Ŀ꣬۾ǱȻġЩˣѪĲǣۣͯǾвͨ
ŶӳƬ̡
һֱžԣҲӾϣԵ뷨עҪʧˣģһˣȻ˷ޱҪʯѧʯꡣ
磬ʲô۰Թߴ١
һѧʯһʯ˵
ЩѧʯǲȱģȻҲûʲôȼΪ̺Ҳ޷ϳѧʲôƷ
һʯ㵱ɵŭĿ̯
̯浱Լ;ԣɵˡЩȱѧʯ·ϣδȥ
쵰ȻҪһʯֱٰ
С㣬ɲô˵ЩѧʯʥƷʵԼظ
磬۸ȷʵ̫ˡҡҡͷ˵
ӣܳһʲôۣ˵˵ֻҪʣҾ㡣ҿ㣬ҲУֻҪ۸ܱҾһЩӺˬĻӶֱۡ
һʯʮ飡һָ˵
ʲô
ӣⲻôҲ̫ˣ˼ѧʯһʮöʯвУԲУ֡
Ŷоˣǻȥʥ󿴿ɡ̾һ
߱ߣʮʮ飬ˣ˭ҿءӣ´ҪѧʯɻҰ⾫ӼҪߣæ
Ȼˬ죡ַء
ѡӣʮѧʯȻһʯ͸Է
磬ʽף˰ɣЦʡ
ȻϣЩֵǵѧʯˡٺ٣ˣ׬ˣЦ˵
֮ǰûɣһһӡڽ׽ֱӾͱˡ
ৣ
ѧʯֱӱһ֣յԼָֽ֮С
ָֽǾӣ֮ǰûע⵽ָֽ
һöָֽгۣͼҲֵʯ
ӵָֽˣΪһʯּۻۣңῴЩȱѧʯ
ӣ֮ǰһֱãҲһͨߣǵͼߣмߡǣͼߡмߣôָֽ
ЩӵܣҲֻбȽҪĳԱſָֽɣ
ӣһӾãԼ̯λϣʲôԷˣĿƵĿžԡ
ӣҿˣһʯ㣬ʮѧʯҲ㻹ҡɫһԾ˵
Ŷģˣڣ֮ǰɶ˵ˣɣҲ˵ʮѧʯˡЦЦ˵
ҪѧʯȥȻǲܵ顣
СӣùԹЩѧʯȻұ߲СӵɫЦв
Խǲͬ⻹ѧʯԽǾãԼ̯λкöԸˣʮѧʯ֮СϸĻһ£ãԼһʼϵˣС쵰һʼ͸ԼһȦס
̯λͻ̯ȻҲע⵽ߡ
壬ʲôԱ˴ʵ
̯λϵıˣȻҵĶӻӦ˵
壬̯λϣбȡЦ˵
ߣǱСôԸȡףҵ̯λʮѧʯһһʯָֽΪһʯּۻۡһ˵
仰ˣҲɫ΢΢һ䡣
̯λϣģ߼ࡣǣָֽģȴǲࡣ
ӵָֽˣΪһʯּۻۣһһʮѧʯȻϳָֽˣȻһߣôܻῴЩȱʯ
ЩǺŪЩʵĵͼߵġ
ԣ彫仰˵ˣҲʱã̯λϣĳʲôöԷˡָֽˣ᲻֪Щȱѧʯûκμֵ


231 ̯粨
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ܵΧߣþҪùˡ


232 Եʵ
ܵˣҲԿдӵܡһ㣬ָֽܿһ
УǴӵܣǣҲšУֵͷߣߣԲк³
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ĽƷ㶵Ŀžԡ
ҪǸոգչ¶ĿʵĽƷһΪԣһſڿϲ˵󻰵ˡ


234 ĵ
ĽƷЩʧžԣ뾰ǺѣԺ;һĳԱһ뾰Ҳȫɺϡ
Ҳ˵Բ̫ʲôԤı
ôþȥĸףа취أûа취Ҳʧ
ܾҵĸףĽһԶмĴĽƷƣֿĶԾ˵
ܾܲṩҪмԵ⡣
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С㣡ܹܸĽƷƣ̹
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СӣЩ򵥰
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һΣɾûиղôƽˣǾԣһۣ΢΢һλߵϣЩ¡ϣٳǳԶԶġ
Сֵܣ֪ƷƵĸףʲô𣿡Ľ죬Įʵ
⣬Ʒ˵ͻƾʧܣòȶƽ͵˵
֪⣬˵æĽü
ܲܰæȷҪ˲СȻƽͣ䡣
Ľ죬ٴγ
ֵȻʣɲǿװġˣʲôǼǿҵĹӣҲûֵȻʰɣ
Ʒƣôʶ˵ģѵҲǺѧԺѧԱ
Ľܹܣ˵ԽԽ⣬ҿǻǲҪνĵʱɣ
ʱλʦ֮УһüЩͷĶĽ˵
˵ʱҲɨԣĿеǳԡ˼ǣðëͷСӣ֮󣬾Ȼƭܹܸˣ
ԿĿ⣬ЦЦҲԷӡ
ߵʦղ˵ĵжգĽ죬ǵʦһ䡣
ĵ΢΢һ
ĵȻҲ֪ⵤҩһļҩԶƣǬУĵҲкϸƹ̼ءĵȷʵֱӹϵĵҩ
ǸߵʦҪĵԾЦЦȻδĽƷƵĸף֪ǿȷĵĽƷƵĸףǾһˣǵܿܡ
ĵʵĵҩȻйأҪ;ȷʵռ䡣ͨĵߵһ̶ȵšǣţȴмĸõġһ;ʵûϣ߾Բʹֵҩ
ȵȣߵʦ
΢΢һߵʦǵʦЭڣֹһոߵĵʦɵʦͲǺܶ࣬ոߵľ͸ܶࡣߵʦǲǲʦ׺


235 
Ŀߵʦ
ˣǲʦ׺ǲ֪û˵Լ
ڶٳôӦҲ˼Լʦ¡οʱʦЭĸ᳤ҲӦǷǳηĵģȻҲ⳥ԶʮʯϢˡ
ߵʦۺ룬
ĵɵİաһʧܣ˾Ϳܵߵʦ˵
ɰգ
⻰ÿЦˡ
ԸղŴĽƷƿе֪ĸףѾΣڵϦҲ˵ѾҼȵĲȶʱΣˡ£ĵߵʦ˵ɰգ
ֱЦ
˵£Ƚȶ£ĵȶԪϣҲһҵӡ
ߵʦʲô˼Ҫ֪ʦǵʦЭĳԱܹĽƺҲϤˣԶãһǲǿɹƭӹˡ
ߵʦŵģһʦ΢΢üҲûп˵
ʦأĽ죬ֿߵʦʦ
ߵʦĵ˽⣬̵ö࣬ԸߵʦзȨĵĻĽܹܣҪ׼ʦĽѯʣſ˵
ĻȽί񣬵ʦҲĵȷʵա
ֻ취ˡĽû̫ı飬΢˵ͷЩ˵
ĽܹܣĵĲϣҵǣһֽ߻ݵݱȽϺԻãߵʦֽ˵
ʲô취Ū߻𣿡Ľ΢һ٣ŸߵʦЩе
ĽܹҲ뽹ҵʶһλʦл߻ݡλʦϲƢŹ֣ҲδڵʦЭǼڲᡣæҪ֧ϴĴۡߵʦĿĽ˵
ܾˣٴĴۣҲϧĽɫ˵
ʮʱĽ죬ʱ޿̲뽫ΪˣҲĴۡЩӵ⣬޷׵ĽǵʦЭɫĵʦ֣Ҳʱȶ
ڣأʹǰķѾѼȶ
ԣ¸ߵʦ˵ʹĵֻɵİգĽҲðһˡˣɵϣǲԵĻӣʱΣա
Ľܹܣ˵仰𣿡üڻûס
İλߵʦ˵ķʹĵĻĽƷƵĸףܾҪˡ
ãߵʦϣƺһЩ˽ġ
ᵽ߻ݣԵȻ֪߻ݣȷʵǱȽϺȴҲûдﵽߵʦ˵ģҪ۲ҵĵز
ֻҪķһЩʱ䣬߻ݣӦûǿҵġңݣ;٣ֻȼֵҩ֮УҪõ߻ݡҪĵҩĵĵֵҩʹõ߲࣬Լһĵģĵչռ䡣
ԣݵǺֵܶ࣬ҲԲ̫ߡ
ڣܵǣλߵʦĽ켱е飬Ľþ޴ô
ڿǾһţôߵʦҲĳɹˡ
Ҫ˵ʲôĽ죬Ŀ¿ԡ
ߵʦʦˣͬת
ߵʦüͷ壬еĲãǳԣδΡ
Ľܹܣ˵ǣʹĵƵĻǻĿԣ϶ﲻɡԳ˵ȻδˣҸҿ϶ĵĿԣҲһɡ
˵ʲôĽ죬Ŀ΢΢һ
ĳСӣһɺԣĽܹܣϽСӸϳȥɣߵʦȵĿ
Ľܹܣ˵ʵ㲻ţҲû취һȰ˵һ䣬λߵʦڵϵˮƽҲǺ˵ʹĵ÷ɰջ⡣Կһ۸ߵʦ˵
ѵҲ֪ĵĽ죬ûŭžԡ
ȷʵ֪ĵһļҩǱȽƫŵĵҩ;ǰչռ䣬һʵֵҩҩЧΪԵչռͬʱҲԻָ˺Ц˵
ţߵʦһ
û뵽СȻ֪ĵղţûϸ˵ĵϢһȻ˵һš
ѵСӣԵҩ˽⣿
ǿͣҲʮ겻ʮӣôܶԵҩ̫˽أ
Ҫ˵СǵʦĻǸߵʦǲŵġʮĵʦֱЦ̫ܳ֡٣ǵڣδ˵ֹʮĵʦ
Ľ죬Ҳߵʦı仯жʱףоԵˣ˵ĵࡣҪȻߵʦԻᵱָԵĴ
ĽƷƣ΢΢žԡ
ȻģǣǰͲʶԣԾҲû˽⡣֮ԴԻҲǱһ˿ϣڿȷʵſڿ֮Եҩһ˽⡣
ĵȷʵǱȽƫŵĵҩһߣӦú˵ֵҩͣǶԵ˽⣬Ǹ˵ĵĹЧ
þ԰ĸ׿ɣĽƷƣȼϣ˵
ԣ˵ĵһõѡôģиȶİ취Ľ죬žʵ
Ľܹܣڶûмˣôȷأȷʵûаٷְٵİգҿ˵ĵԲȡü˵
ĽܹܣѵСӣߵʦЩ䡣
ߵʦҪᣬҶԸߵʦ㣬ʦȻǼΪεġһˣͶһλСѿҲǻ¡Ľ죬˿ߵʦЦЦ˵
˷ʱ䣬СӲŶͣôиð취ǿ⣬ǼһЩҩõġߵʦΪõ˵
Ľ˵ĻƺǺܸʦӣôĽ죬оԵСӣһЩϣֱǶһ裬ΪǰĽ죬ܹܣֱӷŭȥˣ
ߵʦ֪ǵʦЭĵʦݸ߹󡣵ǣأҪһֱҡϢ΢΢һ
㣿

СӣҲ̫Լһ˰ɣļʦСƺţζɵСӣǻߵʦŭžԡ
ߵʦңΪڮңңж˽⣿ôȷûа취أߵʦأǲЩˣЦЦ˵
ߵʦϢ΢΢һͣĿݹâȻһƿСˣ


236 ж
ߵʦɫһʱҲõ˵ǣֻܳĬ
Ľ죬ȴ΢΢һ
һʮߣȻȡ
оԵߣߵʦȣ˵ȣǶԵˡߵʦɫŭ⸡֣ԣȴܵȻ֮䲻
򵥰
ߵʦʦ˰æɣĽ΢Цλʦ
ʵϣھԱֳĵΪ˽һ̣ĽоѾ˾ô˵оԵˣضԵҩһ˽⡣
ûʦ˿ԣûʲô¶˵
ߣСӣ㵽ʱ˵ʲôʵԵĶɾͲҪϷˣϷΪļСδϷǰƣſڿӣϷֽ£ߵʦһɭ˵
ԵҡҡͷûлӦ
СѣĽ죬ЦԾԵ
ĽĿӣ˶΢΢һЦһղ
ȻĽûнԴӷڸϳȥʱѾ̽Ե˼žԵ棬ߵʦ̸ĵĽҲ뿴Ե׶ԵûһʶǾԸû˵ĵҲ͸Ҫȥˡ
ӣܲãǾ˴űȽϺá
ԵˣĽ죬뵽ķ䡣
΢ЩţҲûоš֪ΪΣԾԵģƺԽԽ󡣾ͺñĵû˵ǾȴһڵĵĹЧ˵⡣
ڣ㣬һ룬˱Ƕĵ㣬ŨңһĿøС
ڲ࣬һ齣
ԼģԿһˣڴϡ
졭
һ˿д
㲻Ҫ˵Ľ˵
ܹܷˣ־ǽ˼ᡣ
ԱڴϵܹܷòɫЩ԰ףϢңֻʣȻԲλࡣ
СˣĽ죬ֶԾ˵
ԣ̧ţŴ˹ȥ
˼ῴ߹һ˫ĿУ㵵΢תȻҲû뵽ɷ򣬾Ȼһߣû˵ϣεˣԼɷŮˡ
ɷȻȻĵġ
λСѣƷƵĺѣԵһЩ˽⣬鷳Сѣæа취ھ߹ȥʱĽ˼˵
˼ᣬ˵ͷ
Сѣ鷳ˣ˼ᣬ΢΢¶Цݣž˵
ȲҪ˵ɫ
ߵ齱Ե˽
˼ᣬԽԼѩ׵ֱۣ˹
Խָ˼ֱϣԪ΢΢תҪŪ˼ڵľ϶ҪԪӿ뵽˼ڣܸȷı
װŪߵʦԾԵĶмһˡ
ߵʦ벻ҪŵԡĽƷƵ˵
ƷС㣬ϷһǱƭˣһСĻ죬ͼߵʦ
ߵʦҸ׾㾰ʲôͼıѵƭùҸ𣿡ĽƷУԸߵʦҲ
ߵʦҲܹܸһˣȻϣԼĸ׿ܹܱȽϿĽƷҲܿóλߵʦӺܴʱԼĸ˵һָʹζ
Ϊĸ׵ĲҪãߵʦʱðҲһЦ
λߵʦܹܸ׬ȡԴҲѾһˣ
ĽܹȻʵǿ󣬵ĽܹҲܿ͸ÿ˵ġ䣬Ѳ⡣ߵʦЦ˵
ߵʦǵȾСѿ˵˵ɡĽ죬ü˵
ԸߵʦʵҲвˡǣ׺ڵһ;ϵĳɾͣȷʵǼߵġڣҲֻٲڵϵڸ׺֮ϡ㲻Ҳýⲻ
ԣ΢΢š
ԪǳСĵģӴܹܸ˵
Ƭ̺΢΢ҡҡͷ
ܹܷ˵ȷʵѾ˱ıԵڵԪȵĲȶʱܳ
ȷʵҲð취ƵĻܹܷˣʱܻСܹܸ˵Ҳʣµʱ䡣
ţͻȻŵ۾Уâһ
ǡԣоڣȻһּΪεĿֲϢ
ԣԲԪ⵽ô£ĶȻı֮ϣҸСģһ޷ɫ䡣
оһ֣ԵȴּεϢͷһԻȻףѹܹܸ˵龳ʱʧܣʼòȶ
һ˵߽ʱȻʧܵļʺܴ󡣵ǾʧܣһҲͶһӰ죬ʱҪ꣬ܳԵڶͻƣ򲻻̫ܵӰ졣ȻܵӰҲеġ
ܵӰһ㶼Ϊ۲㣬ǿнͻƲŻᵼ¡ܹܷˣεݣȱԴԼ۲ͻƣȻ̫ܣ
ԣĵ˵ͷ
Ķԣʶĵૡһ䡣
Сѣ˵ʲô˼ᣬĿ΢΢һת˾ԵĻü
ʵǣԵĻ˲޽⡣˼ᣬҲˣþԼ
ˣ㲻Ҫᣬ˵ڵĶ΢΢һ㶣׹æ˵
ڵĶ˼Ӳ졣
˼ᣬܹĽ죬΢΢һ
ڵĶ
ʲôڣԪ𣿿Ǿȴ˵Ķѵ˼֮ڣĶôܣ
ˣûпĻжˡңһּΪĶԣɫ˵
ж
ôж˼ᣬһĲ⡣
Сѣ˼ǣĽ죬ɫҲüΪѿ
׺ЦһΪСе㱾ءû뵽˰죬Ȼ˵ȿЦۣжǿЦ
Ľܹܣ˵ʦЭĻ᳤ɣжҵߵĵʦѵǵʦЭĻ᳤׺ҡҡͷĵ˵
֮ǰ΢Щǣԣ᲻һ㱾¡һҵܹܷ˵İ취ɾͶˡڣȫˡ˵ܹܷжǾ޻̸֮ȫǺ
׺ĻĽɫҲѿǣ׺˵˰죬֣ΪĲȻֻǽָ˵ֱϣԭʲôɱ׺˵ȴЩ÷ŭ
Ľһ˫üͷš


237 а취ⶾ
ж
ȷʵ̫ܣ˼ϣûκжס
ĽΪܹܣʶжǸҪʦҲӦܿһЩߡ
ʱҲ̲סʼɣǲĻ죬ſڴƻˣ
ĽܹܣеĶȽءϿȷʵԿġԻعһɫѿĽ졣
ƿСΪȵʦЭĵʦҪǶжļȴܿжļûǸ£ͳϣҪǿʤ׺һЦ
λʦӦףһ;̺룬ǵʦЭĻ᳤Ҳ˵Լ֪ϵжҩɣôѵ˵κεĶҩ㶼֪𣿡ԵҲ
ȷʵʦͻʦ˲ϵĳԼ浱Լ۸
׺΢΢һ㶣ԴҲ˵ʶеĶҩ˵Ǵ½ǿĵʦҲұ֤Լ֪еĶҩ
㲻˵˰ɣ
˵ͱ죬ڰ˿վﲻƣӰҵ˼ʲôģѵǲϣܺ𣿻ǣһҪ˵ĵǲˣ㵽ʲôЦһʵ
׺һŭȻޱȫϢԲһ˫۾žԡ
ԣȻô˵
С
΢һת˿ܹĽ죬˿еɱ⣬Ȼ
ãҵҪô˵׺ɫ泩
ΪܹܸҪɱԣҲﶯ֡һ˵ܹܸҲֲ֡
ھ˵ܹܷжµȶͲţԴ֮ԱǡţһᾰԲԲ˵һĽܹŭҪԳ֣ܹܾͻֱնɱС
׺¶ЦݣĿⲻʱھϴת
СӣȻ˵ܹܷжȣֱԾĹ
Сѣ˵жôǺֶĽȻɣǱŷȣʵ
ҲãжĿԲ
ĽܹܣûпĻеĶӦڤݵĶԣг˵оųɾŵİգȷܹܷ֮ڤݡ
ڤݣһּΪĶݣҷǳһרĶҩΪǬҲܹܷ֮ܿڤݵĶ
ڤݣĽ죬ϢһĿ¶һɲ˼ɫ
ڤݣû˵ҲһϹŵ伮֮УڤݵȻǵʦʶ㣬Ը֪ʶҲЩԡ
ǣڤݷǳ˵Ѿ׾ĽҲδڤݡ
ȻǾ𾪡
ԣȻ֪ڤֶݵĴڡѵԣһλǿĵʦΪʦˣʮ겻ߣô֪ڤݵĴڣ

Ľ쾪㵵ʱ򣬸׺ȴǴЦ
Ľ죬ʱ׺ԣҲͬĿ⿴׺
СӣǿİϷˣ
㲻֪ʲôط˵ڤݵϢӽĽܹܹܷܺˣ˵㵽ʲôˣкξģ׺ָյžԡ
ĽܹܣڣӦ֪СӲ˰ɣ
ӦǣżȻ䣬˵ڤֶҩֶ֪ҩĶҩȻͨƷС㣬ӽĽܹ㡣⽫˵⣬ƵڤѾĶ֮ϣһݴС׺˫ĿԲ·ԼһС
ߵʦΪ˿϶СǺأĽüʡ
ĽܹܣڻС˵ڤݵĶڤѾˣôֶңֶ޽ģҲ˵СֻҪ˵⣬ѵڤ֮ϣ˵Լûа취Ʒˡӣǽƻúܡ׺ޱȵƶ
ݵĿ⿴žԣԽգɣ
ܹܸʴʣŪܹܣǴȥܹܻʲô棿ԣĽ죬ضնɱСӡ
ܽⶾģԣֱ˵
˿׺΢΢һЦĽܹܣڤݻڼˣǾûоΪеĶڤɡոߵļһ˵ڤ޽⣬ȴͬ⣬а취ⶾ¼䣬û޽ĶֻҪҶԷˡ
ʲô
Ľ죬Ծĺ
ڤݵĽܣҲ֪ڤƺ޽ġڣȴ˵а취ⶾ
׺ǽӶҪ
־Կܻ˵ĽڣǾû뵽Ի˵ܽⶾ
ôܣ
ĬԵ̲סڣСֵܣֻɲ˵
λʦԸ
λʦҼȻ˵а취ⶾȻһЩյġЦЦ˹֣Ҳ޶⡣
ԣȷʵżİգڤݵĶҪ⿪˵Ҳʲô¡ֻҪһҩͲȫܹܷڵڤݶԡңϣʹֽⶾҩĲϡ
Ҳ˵ʱԽҩܹܷϵڤݶ
޷ڤݵĶԣΪǲֽ֪ⶾҩֽⶾҩǬмص䷽½ϣ֪䷽ˡ
СѣνⶾĽ죬žԡ
ĽܹܣֻҪһҩɣԵȻ˵
ҩĽһ㶡
ڤֶҩֻҪһҩ䶾ԣĽ컹ΪҪһĵҩſܽⶾھȴ˵ֻҪһҩ
ţĽ죬üͷһ
Сѣ˼˵һҩⶾѵҩʦĽ쿴˿ԡ
ҩʦȻʲôôϡеְҵǳɫҩʦǣҲǷǳġϾ󲿷ֵ쾳֮ߣҩǷǳġߣҲҪһЩ߼ҩҩ
Īǣԣзǳĵʦ
ԣҪʲôϣң̾ȥѰңĽ죬΢ĳһ£ԼеĿʵΣҪԣӵѾȥˡ
ʱ򣬸׺Ǳˣ˵ʹҩͿڤݵĶԣбЦ˵ĻԽԽˣһһ产ˡ
ЩⶾĵҩڤݵĶԣȴ˵ֻҪҩԼƵҩǣЦ
ȷʵ˵ʲôˣΪĽƺǾҪСԿˡٶ˵ҲûʲôôҪԵҪʲôƳʲôĽⶾҩ


238 ͼӰ
ৣ
ûȻӦĽĻԪ΢΢һһЩҩҪ󶼴ָֽ˳
ĽܹܣҶУҾͿʼƽⶾҩͲ϶óԲЦŶĽ˵
Ŷ
Ľٴգգ۾
ڴϵ˼ᣬĿжֳһĨЦ⡣
ôǲҪرһأĽʵ
ʦƵҩʱ򣬿϶Ҫһ԰ĻȻҲ±͵ѧԼɡ
ھȻֻҩҩڤݵĶԣôҩļֵǼΪˡ
⻰ЦеĿ˿׺
ܹ͵ѧԼҩˣҲ͸׺ʦ
ˣҩܼ򵥵ġ±Ӱ졣԰ڰ˵
׺ǵʦ٣˵ҩʦһĵʦƵҩǿ϶͵ѧȥԿɲһҩʦǲλʦŪҩƷˣ϶ѧᡣ
أĽܹܣȻһЩӰ죬˵¡ǣ뾡ģҪŪĳЩ˵ͣҪܺˡĳЩ࣬Ӱҵ飬ӶƳҩû㹻ЧЦе˵

׺ǱòᣬȻûָգڳ˭ó˵˾
Сѣģұ֤ҩʱûһ˻˵Ӱ㡣Ľ죬˸׺һۣĿԼžζ
׺ȻļʦǵλǷĽ죬ĽΪܹܣҲֽѵλļʦ
Ե˵ͷ㿪ʼ
ԵĶ죬ۻңһֲϲϵıȡ
׺ͲΪ⣬ģϵɫʼ
мһ֣֪ûСԵĶȥΪ٣ҩЩ龳ǿߣܿԵÿһ
Ϊܹǲ֪ҩˮƽԴﵽһǳߵĳ̶ȡЩǿĵʦҩ¶ԶԶ羰Եٶȡ
СӣðĹ
յʱ󣬾ԽҩһˡһҲ֮ҩƳˡ
Ľ죬һֱЩŵĿžԵĶеĶɺĽ̾Ϳѯʡ
СѣΣĽ첢ǵʦҲҩʦҩḷ̌ǺԶ죬ƺǽҩƳˣҲҿ϶Եǳɹġ
ˣҩӦ÷еĶȫˡԣȽҩʢһƿ֮ڣſ˵
ˣ㽫ҩ̷ȥԣиոƺõҩ͵˼ǰ
ţ׺ֳֹ
ĽܹܣҪ˼СƵҩҲ֪ʲô⣬һƵҩǶҩĻǡ׺üͷᣬĽ˵
ţĽü׺
ߵʦʼ㶼ڹۿѵ㲻ȷǲǶҩĽ죬Щɻѯʡ
׺Ͼǻʵļʦһļʦѵ޷ֱƵҩǲǶҩӸ׺п׺ƺȷƵҩʲô
ĽĻ׺ɫʱǺ
ģ֪ƵҩʲôδҩʹõĲϣʶǽЩγɵҩ͸֪ˡ
΢һ£ȴǺȻ֣Ȼ޷ҩƷƳҲ˵ȥҩһļʦȻ޷ɹƳ
Ҳ̫˰ɣ׺ɵЩʧһҩʦǰһҩĿ̣ȴܽҩƳ
⵽ʲô
ߵʦ㲻ǲ֪СƵҩǺɣһ£Ľ۾ҲԲˣûֿܡ
⡭
ûעء׺Ϊεı˵
ʵϣ⻰ԼšʼգһֱڶžԵĶȴ˵Լûע⣬Ű
ĽܹܣʵҲʶСƵҩδڣûֽⶾҩҲü˵
Ҳ׺ˮƽĵʦóĵҩ΢һЩͬǣΪļʦӹɵġ
˵һʦʶԵҩпܡڣļʦʶеҩЩ̫ˡ
Ľ죬ЩĿԡ
죬ҶˣСѣбҪҶҩĶгԹǲҪκ£ֻҪһʱˡ˼ᣬЦЦ˵
ǰѾˣǸҩʲô壿ѵԾôַʽսԼ
ɵˣҲܣðΣգһʱʧȥ¶
˼һ˵ĽҲӦʶĵ˵ͷ
˼ᣬӹԵҩûκԥֱӾ̷ȥ
СѣҩҪ೤ʱܼЧأĽ죬ʱֿѯ˵
ӦúܿģԻӦ
ߣĪŪһҩŪĽܹܵİɣ˵ж㣬Ϊ˽ⶾҲ㣬˵ҿ˸ûжŪһҩ˷ãƭܹ𣿡׺Ķž˵
ߵʦٺҾҪ뿪ܹܸˡĽƷƣΪĺȵ
׺ķԼûĸףھĸףȴһδεԾԣˣǿɶĺܡ
Ǻǡ׺ɨĽƷһۡ
Ц䣬ȴǣû˵ʲôĻĽƷƣϾĽŮҪĽ켸ӡңܹܸ
ΪļʦıϳܹܸĻǾĳΪЦˡ
ΣĽ죬ʱĵĵȻԼӣŵĿ˼ᡣ
˼ᣬ˫Ŀ΢΢Ƭ̣
Ŀ֮УһĨϲɫ¶ޱȾȵĿžԡ
˵ʵԾԣûжġ
ʮʱܹܸĵʦҲʮǣûһʦʲô̫õİ취
һʮ궼ǰܶ䱧жأ
ǾԽҩʱûʲôϣ֮Խҩ̷ȥ˵ĲϣǲĽġ
ǣҩ̷ȥ̶֮ʱȥǸоԼϸ΢ı仯
Ѿʮʱ䣬ûд߶ڵԪˣڵͨ졣ڣȻӦԼоԼڵԪ
ֱ仯˵ǳϸ΢ǣһʮûиӦ˵𶯣ֱƵ췭ظˡ
ĽҲȻ˼δ˵Ȼ֣˼ϣǳһֵĺΡǰδֹ


239 Ŀ
Ľ죬ĿⶼЩˡǿ˼ϳֵı仯ǲǹ¡
ΪܿĿЩͣЩʧ
ѵӣжڤݵĶڵľԣĽڤݵĶˣ
⣬Щ˼
Ľ죬׺ļʦɫ˱仯ˣϾڵɾ͵ġǣҲ˼ϵı仯ԼĸоƺĲڹŪ顣Ū٣ǾҪˣͬҪڵϳԽǲ
죬ҾһЩء˼ᣬĿתһЩ
ӦӦڵԪ
ȻڵȻȹ̣Ȼתһ˿һԪǣܸܵı仯֪ϸ΢仯
ˣٿЦЦָֽ˼ѩ׵ֱϣ߶Ԫ
Ƭ̺΢΢˵ͷ
ڤݵĶԣѾˣԣ΢Ц˵
ǬڵϣȷʵڤݵĶԣңʹõⶾҩҪĲϣҲѰ֮ҪѶԴ
ⲻܣԲܣ׺ЩĽ
ڤݣ㲻䶾ԣڤ޽ģǳʶ׺۾
ʵҲ˼ֻɣ֮ǰһ㶼ŵģ˼ֻ֡ǣȴӲԸһ㡣ô˵˼ϵı仯һӹɵġ
׺ڽʦȴǳĬ
һ;ޱߣȻΪļʦⵤĺ֮Уֻǳѧߡ
ȻСԱһλ˽̵δؾͲ֪ڤݵĶ
ߵʦ밲Ľ죬Ը׺ɫԽԽѿˡΪԷݣֱӽ϶ϳܹܸˡ
ĽĻ׺ƤһĿ⿴Ľ죬Ц
ĽܹܣҿΪ˷˺áðɣȲ˵˵ǲΪжŵȡ˵ȶѾʵж˶ԣôȻǲȶġ׺Ц˵
֮ǣ˼жڽ˶ԣȻûн˼ᣬȻʱΣա
ĽܹǾòҪҺˣ̾͸ǡ׺ĻһЩвζ
ȻóղĽ˵ĻУ̺ĲζǳĲãΪʦЭļʦȻϣǲܹܣĽѹҲûôס
Ľüͷһ壬Ŀ⿴ԡ֪׺Ȼƣ˵Ļȴһ㶼١ӵ⣬˵򵥵Ծ˵ģҪ취ȶ
ĽĬ׺ϲɸֵЦݡ
ĽܹܣСӾһУҲܽȶ⡣׺ź룬ҪȶҪĵչĽܹܣʱȣѾٵˡС˷ʱ䣬û㹻ʱĵơ
Ľ죬ٴЩǵĿԡ
ʱ˿̣ĽԾԵģȻȿʼʱࡣ
ǣίʵ̫ˡ㣬ܹ֪ȶķҲƵҩҪôͨʦЭĵʦҪô뾰ԱĴܰæǣԱдܴڣ⻹һ²⡣ԱûдܣֻλܲæƵҩջҪ׺ȵʦ
ڣǲܽ׺
ߵʦ֪ûа취ȶأԣ׺
ЦëûСޣ㣬ǵʦĪǣԽⶾҩȶܹܷ˵𣿡׺Цһĵҡҡͷ
ߵʦҵȻýⶾҩȶ˵Ҫȶ˵ҪһֵҩС۾˵
ҩߣͨĵҩʹѾûʲôЧˡЩõҩ࣬ЩҩҲκЧѵҲ˵ĵ𣿡׺˵õҩϵı
ʮʱ䣬ʼ˼ʹøȶĵҩȶվֻα겻αʱƣЩҩԽԽ࣬ҲûʲôЧˡҪȻҲῼñȽΣյĵһ
ߵʦʵ˵ǣһ;˽ĲࡣҪõĵҩĵĿЦ˵
Ŀ׺΢΢һ㶡
ʶĿ˿Ҳһһᡣ
׺Ц
ĽܹܣֱӽСӸϳȥˡĿһֵҩΪԻĽܹ𣿡׺
˵Ŀû˵ʦı飬ȻҲδ˵Ŀλļʦû˵ĵҩֵҩȻǲڵġ
ĴڣҲһ޷ƣڣûƵó
ߵʦĿұģʵڵġ㲻֪ڤݵĶһⵤһ;㲻֪ĻкܶܶࡣĿһ˵
׺ŭĶžԡԵ˼Ȼ˵ļʦǹªˡ
֪СӵĿˣ
νĿһޱİɣǲҪ˵Ҫ˰æֵҩ׺·𶴴˾Ե顣
ĽܹܣСթƭģһҪ㣬ԴȻȥʲô˰æǸڵĿҸұ֤һԴ뿪ܹܸһٻ׺תĿĽ˵
ţĽ죬Ҳ΢΢һ㶡
ò˵׺ĻҲȫûеġ˵ĿҲѹû˵
СѣĿ֪ܹƣǼĵҩǵʦЭĻ᳤弶ʦҲ弶ڣ֪ĵʦУ᳤ߵˡĿʦЭĻ᳤ܹƳ𣿡Ľ˿ʡ
ĽĻЦЦ
ĽܹܣǲҶ԰ɣԵȻóĽ컰еǡ
λܹܴˣƺҲǵģԼʨӴ󿪿ڣҪԴȻ˼ǣԸûҪĽ֧ʲôԴæҲΪ׬ȡԴҪ£ϵˡ
žԼȻ˵ˣһܰæҵĿġĽƷƣȻѾԾԷǳˣ˵
ƷС㣬̫ˣ׺˵ͻȻһתСӣ͵Ӳĺܣ˵˵ĿҪĴ۲Ūõɣ
׺ѾǳȷԵĿģƭȡԴġĽΪ˾ԼķˣҵƶԸġ׺һ㣬ܹܸʱͻȡ˾޶ĲƸ
˵Ҫĵٴ׬һʡҲ֤һκ˼ᣬ˼ˣĽԼк⣬Ҳܽ˼ȫֵͷϡ
С쵰ȻԼԣȻܴӦ


240 ܹҪﾰߺ
׺϶һʨӴ󿪿ڣĽҪԴ
ĿʵֻһֶҩҲҪȥʦæƣԼͿƵģ̾һ׺ߵʦǲǺʧأ
ʲô
ҩ
Լƣ׺͵žԿҪԴȻݺݵһھȴ˵ĿֻǶҩԼơ
׺ѾߵĻֲòӲȥһ˲ͨ졣
ĽܹܣĿƣҪһʱɡĿҪĲϣϲȫҪ׼һ¡ģЩϣڶõģҪѶԴֶĽ˵
Ľ죬ɫҲ΢΢һ졣
ղǷЩɾԵζ˼˵ˣ϶ܺ򵽣ҲҪķѶԴΪ˵ҪĶԴΪղĻþЩòˣĽ죬Ҳɾϻġ
Ľܹܣ²˳٣ҾͽҪĲдȻ׼Ի˵
Сӣ˵ǵʦƭ˭أϷô꣬δʮĶʦ㵱ɵ𣿡׺˳
϶ǲûˣϢһ
ϻ쵰ԵȻҲŭ
˵زˣƥ򣬾Ȼĵģ
ǲǵʦܲĿ֤򵥣ֻҪһʱ䣬Ȼ֪ˡڣʵʵı죡˷ԣȵ
㡭׺ŭ
ۣһۻԪ͵ļȥҪԾԶ֡
ߵʦĽ죬ͳһӣ׺ܹܸ
Ľ΢۾Ƶ˵
ղ׺˵Ϊ˿ƭԴģ˼Ҷ˵ˣҪʲôԴңܹܸˣȥ׼ϣ⻹ʲôƭģ
ʱ򣬸׺ĵģίʵЩˡ
ããҵҪС쵰ƳʲôĽܹܣΪʱ䣬ӶĵƷˣǿɲܹң׺ֶĽ
ƥĵԼðɣĵߣ㲻ˣĽܹ׬ȡԴˡҵĿǶ޷Ʒˣĵ͸ǲκϣЦ
Сӡ׺
ܹܸڣԾԶ֣Ȼ̫ܡĽ죬Բ˺ԡ
羰˵ĿòϣѻáԽв϶дĽ쿴˿ԼܹܸڣҵеĲϡ
Ľ죬Ըȥ׼áͬʱҲԣ׼һ䡣
κˣôžСѣ
Եʱ֮⣬׺ܹܸĻķԸ
ǣӦ
ھԴӷ֮߳ǰκˣ뵽֮ڡ
׺ˣҲû뿪ܹܸ׺ʱ򣬻ǲžƳʲôĿ˼뿴ճһĽ죬ԼˣŪˣýԵ
ҪžԣĽִĳ档ȻȾʧˣĽͲ·ˣͱĵߣʱضҪݺݵĽϣҧһ
ʦû׺϶Ʋ˼ĵҩ֮Ҫ뿴Ŀһʲôҩ
ĿȶĶҩ壬ɾͷǳˡǶļʦȴû˵ĿֵҩȴƳǾ˵һ֣Ѿʧĵҩһһȶĵҩ
Ҫһ㣬ǣĿվԵ˼ܹȶѾȫ񻯵˼Ǿͱһȶҩǿöˡ
˼ڵʹһĵҩѾûκЧˡ
ܹܷ˵ڡ
ĽƷƣڴߣĸ˼ᡣ
ܹĽ죬Ҳվں档
ڣֻˡ
Ʒƣңûµġ˼ᣬ͵˵
һܺġλСѣҿ޵ķʸˣƺаյӡĽ죬˵
ô˵˼ڵѾھ֮ǰࡣ
ھ֮ǰ˼˵ǳڣҲ˵ƵҩЧġ
ţҲžСѣЩͬһء˼ЦЦ
ĽƷƿĽ죬㾰ܡĿûԤڵЧҲ־԰ɣ
Ʒƣ˵ʲôأСѼȻæҲǺ⣬ղܽ⣬Ҳмĺ⡣Ľ˵
ƷƣôʶλСѵģ˼ᣬʵ
ʵҲǸողʶģĽƷ˵ԣǴӶٳǾģ;ǶٳǾӵܡҶǺѧԺѧԱҺ;ѡԣӦμӱѧԺԺ˵ġ
ŶǸոմӶٳģҪѧԺĽüë
ӦǵģĽƷƵͷ
ţɣܾԵĿЧôҶᰵаһѣ˳ͨˡĽ΢˵
ǿܹܣ¶˵ҲǾ֮͡Ľ仰ĽƷƻǲ
ĽףȻ˽⸸סλףɲ׸߹ϵˡμѧԺˣĸףûжκεĹϵɴ˿ɼһߡ
ڣףȴҪΪԣжһЩϵþ˳ͨˣ

΢ĽƷƾЦ
ŮЦĽ˼ᣬЩĿĽƷơ
ƷƣЦʲô
Ľ΢΢üԾ㲻ܽ⣬ҲڤݵĶˣһæҲӦõġȻܻ˵лҲʲô
ҲЦǾõǶһˡĽƷС˵
Ŷһ٣Ľ죬΢ЩɻĽƷơ
ǰ֪Եʵ𣿡ĽƷƣתĿʵ
Ӧ쾳˰ɣĽҡҡͷ̫ȷĵǵʦĻǿ϶쾳ˡѧԺĿˣ쾳ߣҲһͨŶ
ǾԵʵȷʵ쾳ˡҸ˵ͨˣһʧͨĽƷ뵽ڷУ˶ֵ龰ٴ˲
治֪Եôġ
Եͣ;ҪСٵӡǾԵʵȴ˵ǿԱЩҵӵܣһ㲻ѷɫ
Ʒƣ㲻ǲŸոʶԵ֪ʵΣôģ˼ᣬҲüŮĽƷƣʵ
ʵڣġʱ;һ𣬺ڰ̯ȱѧʯءʱ̯λ̯˳ͻءĽƷƣĿת˵


241 е
ȱѧʯ
Ľ˼ᣬ΢΢һ񡣶а̯ǵط˵Ȼİǵطȱѧʯ̯ͻ
Ľ졢˼ᣬĶһۣ
е쵼ĽܹܡĽ죬ô֪̯ܲԴʲôɫҪǵطҵöȥҰܷܲһϹż߶
֮һֱа̯䱦ִԣʵ棬кܴһֵضΪٿصġΪִԣԲŻôȥڰ̯ߴ˵ˣ̫̫ˡ
ò˵вʵǿߣ龳ǿߣҲûʱȥǣҲֻ⿴ˣſ䱦ĵ龳ǿߣһûС
Ǹ̯Ǿþ̯λϣʲôöҪ˻Ǿ֪ǲΪ;ܾ˻ϣ̯ĹºǺѧԺԺķִ¶ˡ̯˵ԶݵĹϵԾͲ˹վ̯һΪѾĽƷ뵽ʱ龰Ŀȡ
ǺأΪ֣ŽԴߵ𣿡˼ᣬȻʵ
˼˽ԼŮֲƽ飬϶һܵġ˵Ժ;һ𣬾˼ĺѡ˼æ̯Ĺ¿϶ٶ
ȷʵҴ߾ԵģҲ֣ºͷִˣҲκβþԡĽƷ΢Ц˵
ĪǾСߣиڣĽüʵ
뵽ƳڤݶԵĽⶾҩĽãԱи˵ĿԺܴ󣬶ҿ»һĸˣǿߡ
ǣʱ¡ִ¶ˡǣºͷִˣκβ˾жϣǴȥܻºͷִܣĽƷһ˫Ŀһ㡣ȻʵǺǿ˿ʱĳ棬⣬ȷվԻˡ
ʲôĽ죬û뵽
Ʒƣ˵ºͷִ£뾰ɱִҲʶΪѧԺԺִ£ʵͰɣǸ£ӦüûǴĻ۷徳Ϊɣ˼ᣬЩ𾪵ɫϡ
ºͷִ£۷ǿߡ֣޷κξġҲ˵ͨѧԺĿˣǾûκġ˵ҪﾰкҲŻʧЦĽƷƵ˵ͷЦĽ졣
ѵҪһΣȴ޷ɹĽƷƾúȤ
Ʒƣ㲻ڿЦɣǾСѲŶͣ۷ǿɱĽıһ¡
۷壬ǱڣֻǿߡǣԲŶͣʮɣ
ͣս۷壬ٹ꣬ˣ龳ǿ߿ⶼܰɣ
ңԣǴССģȻܵõЩӵôԴ⣬Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ҵĻһŶûС˵Ѿ֪ˣҲ˵¸ġξͱ׷ˡţһξˣһҪǻˣٺݺݽѵĽƷƻûǣʱԭ¡
ţ£һЩӡξˣСҲûʲôʧͷһֻǡСѵʵҲ̫˰ɣĽ죬˿
ƳȶЧĵҩĽ
ҲãԺаյӡǰȻᣬֳȵȣ׺ԶԶءûһգӦò˵ֻ˼ᣬ˵ͷ
ڵˣԾԵࡣ
ܹܸһշŵķڡ
ԣѾǬռ䣬Ǭ¯֮ǰֲ׼á
Ŀ֮ǰûֵҩƾ顣ĿҲǶҩ֪Ʒ裬ӦҲʲô¡ƵĶҩҲˡĿƣҪȳĶҩһЩԾ˵Ҳ̫ϰ
ʼɣԣ˫Ŀ֮Уһƾ֡
ţͿʼ
ԵĶˮû˿ͣͺԥ
ʱǸ׺Ȼļʦƶҩô졣
һ˵ļʦһҩĻҲҪԼʮʱʱ䡣ҩҪʱ࣬򵥵ĶҩҲҪʮʱʱ䡣һģҪüʱС
ǣԵٶȣǼֱ
Ųһʱ䣬еĲϣȫϣʼ
ʱ󣬿ʼͣ
һʱ֮󣬱еһȹ̡ѵһҲһȹ̡һҲκδ⣬СĵĿԪǬ¯ڵҩϡ
ֹһᣬԵǣ΢΢һ¡

ɹˣЦЦ
Ȼδ¯ȡ֪һ¯ҩɹˣ뵤ҩ֮䣬һָӦ
¯
¯֮ڣԲĵҩİڷ档ҩ棬һɫת
ԻӳһԪŵҩȫȡ
ﵽˣУڼҩ˵ͷ
ҩƳɹ󣬾û̾ͳȥŹȥʱʱ䣬ڳȥδЩһЩ
ȻҲ˻ɣʱ̫ˡ˻ǲ׼˵ҩҲһˣǾͻŻǲԤıˡ
ܹܸ˼ڵĶԣѾˣȻǲȶضʱڣҲû󰭡٣ڼʱͳ⡣
뿪Ǭռ䣬ڷУһʱ䡣
ˣһʱ䣬Ӧòˣţ˳ȥ
һܹܸ֪ܹ̾ͨĽ졣
ĽһֱڵžԣõϢ󣬱ѸޱȵģշеԵǰ
ĽܹܣԶĽ칰˹֡
СѣΣĽ죬ʱЩţȻҲıƽǾܸоϢЩȻǲƽġ
ЦЦҲ
仰Ľ죬̲סһ·һѹؿڵĴʯȻῪֳУϲ֮Ա
ʮˣ
ʮʱ䣬˼⣬һֱѹͷȻΪܹܣڣݳȻǣЩӵƣһֱͷ֮ȥ
ЩķѵԴԴС¡Ƿˣ顣һĵʦ֧㹻ıҲˣʦõʦЭ᳤ǲεĵʦæǾͲǼñԽˡ
ҪȻҲֻҸ׺ĵʦЩʦ֧㹻ı꣬ԸԼ˼ġ
Ľ죬ƵĿžԣ鼱УȴҲʧ
ҲĽļ飬ûٳɣĿ˳


242 Ļ̥
ɫƵĿһóһɵҩζڿ
ĽĿ⣬˲ھеĵҩ֮ϡ
ĽܹܣĿһֶҩĲȶЧ΢Ц˵˵ʱ̫ˣ֮ǰֱڤݵĶʴʮʱ䣬ԿҪĿƲС
ĽܹܣĿ÷һΣһһš֮󣬷˵ȫȶʣţȹò˶ã˼ٴγͻƾˡԣĿʹ÷Ľ졣
Ľ죬ԵĻȴЩסˡ
Ľģȫǣϣӵܹȹ½Ȼʹһ˿һԪֻһͨˣҲǿԵġûȥ룬ԼӣʵָܹڿԵ˼ԼӲָܻʵٴν硣
Ҳ̫˼ˡ
Ҫ֪ǰǿĵʦƵĵҩҲʱȶ˼
֮࣬
΢Ľָѹеľϲ֮飬ĴӾнӹĿ
Сѣݶ飬Ľˡ鲻ܵ飬Ͻҩ͹ȥ˷¡ĽҲûж˵ʲô
仰ǿ뿪
ԴˣҲֻЦЦĽ˿̵顣ҲܹĽ˼顣
ԣʱҲ˹ϲؽе
߰ɣؾۻ¥ЦЦԾ˵
ģԼָֽڣǿȱ֮ѧʯѧʯеĲȱѧಿֵ֮ѧĻǿɾߴˡ
ˣ塭ԵУҲƲסļ
˵þԽϳȥǬ֮ԴһȱѧʯԶǷǳġ
ȱ֮˵ֵΪϢȫȴǲͬвһ񹦣Ĺһ̶ϣ޸֮ĲȱϢھڵõ֮ѧʯͬǲȱģһˡ
ԣǲܹܷ˵𣿡ɻʵ
ղžԽҩĽ죬Ҳˣ֪ԳɹƳҩԴˣȻҲǷǳȣ뵽ϵĸ֮ҲȻˡ
֮䵽죬ִö̶ʱص쾳磬ڸǿ۷ǿ߿⡣һУóˡ
Եϣ̫޷͵ĵط
޷ģǻȻصۻ¥ѧԺ˿ʼɡˣԺóԵġ԰ڰ֣Ц˵
ˣĿĲҪĽı꣬顣ڣʦЭĸ᳤ģǷžԵһ顣ܵõܹĽ飬ôǣһҲ˵ֿıǮ
ǻصۻ¥Ľ飬ܲһġԿȷֻҪܹܸ˼ĿһԽ
ã˵ͷҲһЦݡ
֪ڸúܣһᾰԷһҪݺݵĴһ٣һҪЩǳġ
ܹܱԺ˼ң
ԽҩƳ𣿡˼ῴĽȻʵ
ˣ㿴Ľ죬ɫƵĵҩĿóЩ⾰СѣȻǶС˼飬šͣƳȵĶҩ˼
ղžԽҩʱûüϸ鿴ڲŷ֣еĿȻǶȵĵҩ
Ľ첻ǵʦҲûĿǵҩƷܿġΪȵĵҩȵĵҩźܴ𡣶ңȵĵҩ棬ҪȵĵҩŨöࡣ
أȥллĽƷƼûŸ׽æ˵Ϳ˳ȥ
ĽƷܳȥ˼Ľ죬ЦЦ
ȷһŵҩԿĽߵ齱Ե˵
ҩδãЧͲȫȷȻĽ˼ڶѾȽžԣûЧ⻹ЩġҲǣ֮飡
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ʱһȴǴ
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λʦСѣֵҩɹƳˡĽתĿ˿ˣ΢΢ü˵
ĽܹܣܲȽҩҿʦֱӵ
ʮֵĺ棬ƵĿһʲôĵҩֵҩΪܹȶߵ˼ֻΪԵԣԼûмĵҩһѹƵĺġ
ԵģĽ΢ͽһĿݸ
һǲţǸСӣʲôҩ׺һı֮ɫĿ⣬ҲеĿ
ĶеĿƬ̺Уһɲ
ⵤҩȷʵδⵤҩȻĶҩſţĺô
ʦΣĽ죬Ƭ̣ûκηӦ̲סһ䡣
ô˵׺ˣļʦȻĽԸ׺Щ˵Ǻǿġ˿ԵĿȻҲʲô顣
⡭΢΢ĽܹܣȻҲȷⵤҩǲǶȶЧȷʵǶҩǴδĶҩ˵ģġ
̵ģеĵҩĽ졣ʵǳǳ룬õŵҩܽŵҩȥͿԺúõоһ£ⵤҩôƳġ˵ģôⵤҩȶġ
ʦ˵ģ̫˰ɣ׺üǸʮСӣƳҩǴûĵҩ
ǲܵ飡׺ƶ˵
ʱţƳҩ
ߵʦ˷ùĿ󣬿Ч֪ˡĽ죬һ۸׺õ˵
˵Ǿ仰ĽĿģ͸ˡ٣ļʦû˵ҩ⡣
ĽִܹҪ÷˷ĵҩȻҲǿֻǣϣĽܹܽ׺Ųӵ
˰ʱĽƷƻһͽ
ȥлԣǻ˵Ժ;ˣѾ뿪ܹܸˡ
ţĽ쿴ĽƷƣСôͻȻˣһûлء
Ǻǡ׺ĽƷƵĻȴЦĿо
Ҿ֪СǴӣҴһʼû׺ĿɨڵˣСӲ֪ʲôطŪûĵҩȻƭһĹƱʶˣüƭȥû취⼸ŵҩԼͳûˡ
Ľܹܣ̰ҪһʼͿСĻ̥ʹĽܹУһʲƸˡ׺˵


243 ЧĿ
׺е⣬һϵ壬滺ࡣĽ죬һϷı顣
ʵĽƷ˵뿪֮ǰ׺ҲЩĵģȻֵöĿмһˣԼҲȷĿǲǻ˼ЧϾĿȷʵһûмĵҩ
ûҲͲȷҩЧ
ڣ׺ȷˡ
ⵤҩҪЧԻ뿪
ǾǲܵͺñԼаգһֵҩܹܷ˼⣬ԼܹĽл֮ǰ뿪Ȼᣡ
ԼˣΪûҲһ뿪˼Ľ˵Ǻεȶ飿
кߣֱЦ
׺ãͻȻ뿪ֻһֿܡⳡϷݲȥˣһ͵͵ߡ
ã֮ǰ˵ʲôڤݵĶҲȫϹ˵ġ˼ûжƵҩҲһ֮ҩ˼úܶʱ˼ľ״̬
ԣһ
ĽܹܣҾӦȥСӣֱ죬ȻҵܹܸƭǾŹܹܸ϶Ӱ졣׺˵
ȻˣԾԾɻġ룬Ūԣͷ֮ޡ
ĽܹܣСӦøո뿪ãȥõĻӦܲԶܹ㲻ģҿȥץСӣҲܲҵġ׺ԾԾԣѾ⣬׷Ժ󣬵һʱȽϵȻٽܹܸĽԴС
Ľ죬˿˷ܵĸ׺
׺һĽҲЩȷ֮ǰԵı֣ԾԣһΡĽҲףǾƭӣôϷĹף϶
㲻ҪˡѵžڤݵĶԣǶ𣿡ĽƷƣǷǳžԡ
ƷС㣬˵㲻Ҫ죡˵˵ûж˭ȷʼգСһ˵Իˣ׺Щõ˵
ҪΪĽƷĽŮһȹȥˡѾĽƷƣһζļʦˡ
Сˣ׺ĽƷƣаһ
ߵʦȲҪ½Ľһ£Ը׺˵һ䡣
ʦҩѾ鿴ˣΪⵤҩ᲻ж
ĽܹܣⵤҩܲȶδоȷǣⵤҩûκεĶԣҿԱ֤ңֵҩҩӦúºͣĽܹǲģоһһ˵
һģҪĿŪоֶԵԵ˵ûʲôûĵҩˡ
ʦҪż
ȻҩûжԣҲ޷ġĽ΢΢һ£أ
죬һԸžԵġ˼ƽ͵˵
ãǾԿĽ죬һĿݸ˼ᡣ
ˣذ׺װģغʵ϶ҩЧɻװһΪ˼ῼǵӡ
˼ᣬԸ׺ЦЦǺԥģɫĿ̷ȥ
ҩڣΪһůӿ븹
䣬ҩЧѸٵĻںϡ
ĽЩŵģ˼ᣬڵˣûٷеĿ⣬˼ᡣ
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˼ᣬԭ΢΢ŵ۾Ȼ
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˼ҲڳĶȶЧĵҩ˼ᶼѾûʲôЧһЩļҩ弶ҩ˼ȥûʲôо
ôҩĿûЧأ
ô˵ʲôطԾ˼ûпڣĽЩˣ˼ͻȻĻ㽫ץҲ޼ˡ
оôĽƷҲǰĿ֮ǽ겻
ʱ˼ͻȻЦһ¡
䣡
һԪ˼ϣͷų
˼ᣬҲ۷徳ߣ߶ԪҲǷǳġ
˲ڣĽ˾͸о˼ͷųԪ
Ľɫ䣬Ϣᡣ
˼Դ֮󣬾ͼҲûжùԪʱ䣬˼һ˿һԪûʹù
˼֮ϣͻȻͷųԪʲô
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ĽδʧȥǣӳһԪŮĽƷƱ龳ǿ߲вǶĽƷھ˵ΣջǺܴġ
ĽƷƵһҲòҰףкУ˼˹ȥĽϻӳһԪĶ˲
죬ŵģ˼ᣬͻȻЦſˡ
ɫϢȶбļ
ô£
Ľ죬ҲסˣһʱҲȷʲôһ̣ڣͱһϲĿ⡣Ϊ֣˼ͷųԪȻ
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죬ûˣҵѾȶ˺ܶء㿴ҶɵĴ߶Ԫˡ˼ᣬͷųһԪȻƤ˵
ȻղһԪҲͷųġ
̷Ŀʱ˼Ѿı仯ԭȲȶԲ˼ٶȣȶ΢΢תͷ֣ȻԲٿԪˡ
˼еȻϲޱȣֵ˼ʱ䣬۾ɷĽ죬ޱȽı飬ûסĿһССЦ
ҲΪ̫ϲõԵʡ
ʮˣ
ѹʮĴɽһӱƿˡϲãܹݵġ
˼᲻Ҳ׼һϣ˼ôܲ˲ϲã
һϣû˻Ը˵ͨ˸Ƴߡߵ磬ͨ˵ʮٱ
㣬ܴ߶ԪˣĽ죬һŵ˼ᣬȫ΢΢
ĿֱҲ̫˰ɣȶЧҲôŰɣſʼҲһʮʱ䣬˼Ȼɴ߶Ԫˣ



244 걻
Ľпϲ
ĽƷƣͬϲĿ⣡Ǹ˵ġ
ˣ˰ĿʲôĵҩһԲϵġֹţȫ΢΢˼βܵõһĿо
Ҳ֪ҪĽеõĿǲʵĽ첻ҪĿˡ
׺ʱȥ
ոոӦ˼ͷųԪΪϾҪըˣԵһʱʹӷڷɴܳȥƬ̣ȴַƺδĶкɣȻ˻ô¡
ٿ˼ᣬӼһҪ˳
ôܣ˼ᣬȻתԪ
⵽ôʲôĪϷ򣬲˻þ
ߵʦСѵĿȷʵЧġ㣬˾СѰĽ쿴л᷵أЦһ˫˵
׺ԣɫʱס

һΣǴĶûˡȻ˵ֻвļ֪һǳ׵Ķˡεڮ١ɾԵԾԶ֣ھԣȴƳĿ˼Ч
׺ҧݣͷŵ档ǵһĻ϶̾ȥ
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ĽܹܣȻ˵ѾˣϷҲûҪˣǣ׺ƬʱҲȥˣ޲뿪ܹܸ
ĽĬȻ˵ͷ
Ÿ׺뿪Ľû͵˼Ը׺Ľʧ׺޷ҵ˼İ취ȻʲôĿɸ׺ˣ̫һ㡣
ʼգûгϹԡԵȣ֪Ҫ׺ٱ
ڿ˵ĵĻ˼ļʲᳬһɣҲˡ׺ȴ˵ɵİա
ϻ쵰
Խ룬ĽԽЩŭ
ĽܹܣӦûˣҲˡʦ׺ɫ뿪̾һĽ˵
ʦˡգٸлʦĽ˵ͷ̬ԱȶԸ׺ࡣ
λʦߺ
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Ѿ뿪ܹܸĽ컹ǾȥԣʾлȻ˵ݶʱǻˣûκεıʾ
뵽Լ֮Уһ鼫Ϊѧʯѧʯ͸ԣǱȽϺʵġ
죬ȥɣ˼ЦŵͷҲңԾС˵һллпգܹܸ͡
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ʱѪԭֶնյϣƤǿòԻһ۾ϳǾꡣ
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ھԴ˵ʱ򣬴Ҳһ˫Ŀݵۣɨԡ


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ǺӣĿھԺ;ͣƬ̣ǹЦ
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ȻԵĿҪӣӺһϣŵһŮӣþΪעĶ
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ʱȹŮӣӺ;꣬оһСɵıӣ裬֪顣
Ը磡߽꣬ž죬¶һǳѿЦݡ
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ŶԭʶİСӣû뵽㻹аӣĿⶸȻһȫϢžꡣ
Ŀһתֿԡ
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쾳֮ϵߣͼҪʳˡṳ̂ߣҪһЩʳﲹĵġ
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꣬쾳綼ṳ̂룬ȻӶ֡
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Ľܹܣ˵˵龭ɡԿκһۣЦЦĽ˵
ţС˵ĽԾԵ˵ͷ
ԣľϸĽһ飬ûκεƫ
ĽܹܣҲ׵ǣκΪ¥ܣǾ¥ĸˣΪڳ¼ŹʱûгֹǸ±ҪɱҵʱҲûгֹǣҪǳǸʱȴʱĳֹңܷѽ⡣Կκ˵
κɫòҰ
еȻ̫ģҲ֪ĽΪˡ뾰ʶҹϵǳĽΪԱǣͲռ˭óƫ̻¼ҵĳ
κ˵˵С˵ĻвʵĵطûУĽϢ΢΢һκ
ܹܴˣЩˣĿ¼ľķչȷʵ羰˵κƫ֮ǣǿ֤ġ
κ亹ֱð˼ԲߵʱȺһӽϴߣ˵
ȻҲǿĽʶĽӦûΪŸ˵仰ҪĽҲվκһߵģ϶ǲ˵
ԣǿ֤
ˣûʲô
ǵģʱ򣬾ǳ¼̫ߣں
ȻԳ¼ԹԵߣ


250 ԳĴ
κҵɫ࣬ʱĽǰҶܵ˵κκǳĻ
ٲԸҲʵʵš
ľˡĽ˵ͷ
СѣκҵΪȷʵǳʧԴˣҲεģǶԲסˡĽǸԾ˵
κΪǳӣҵСѣԴΣĽ죬ѯԵ
ȻԣлĽܹܡæл˵
κˣԿ϶ǳġҪĽڣκǴ㽫ɱġҪɱԼˣԴĴκϾĽĽֱӽκԴãȷʵ̫ܡ
ĽҲԲ׵ľͷŹκۻ¥ְܵλκ϶ǲܼˡ
κԺȥܹܸңڣ뿪Ľͬκ˵ͷĿκ
κΪԼܶ
ʱκӶˡ˿ԣֿ˿Ľ죬˵һЩ͵ĻǣڼĽһԼǲҪ˵κλȽϺá
ڣ˵ʲôı䲻ʵҲ޷ıĽĶӡ
лں޽ӵκĬĬ뿪˾ۻ¥
ڣ˵˵⡣Ľ죬ڽĳ
Ľ첢ʶһҵնĳҲΪͣĽ˲֪뾰гͻһƵĳ
Գִϰݵλ˵ˣĽҲûκεĺøС
꣬δóĽ쿴վھߵľꡣ
⻰΢΢һȻûϵܹܴ˻ѯţΪλʶλܹܴˣܹܴδó
꣬ЩĴĿĽ졣
Ǻǣ㲻Ҫš֮ĳͻȫڳϡڣδóأĽ죬Цʾꡣ
ǳͻУŹĵˡĽʾ˼Ȼȷĺġ
ȻҲȫǿھԵϡǾԣĽΪܹݣҲǲЩС¡СҪһ£ͷۣҲæù
ܹܡܹܴˣҡҵ£Ը˵㡣ȻĽ˵ºͣҪҪţǿƲסĽš
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ԣ˵أĽʵ
ĽܹܣҪɱǵģ̫ˡھҲһЩ˺û֮ǣ⳥һЩҽҩѾ˰ɡԳһ˵
ԣҲֱӶĽ˵Ū
ǾǺ󣬾ԾûǲҪŪȽϺáҪԭǣһǣǳ¼ҷǳҪĳԱŪǳ¼˻ҶĽ˵ĵġǶԣ϶ỳġڶԭǣԲȫȷĽ̬ȣĿԣĽ춼
ĽӦþͲʾδóֱӳɱ
Ľ첻ȴ˵ҪĽӦĻɱȻΥĽı⡣
ΪɱһĽ첻ԾõòʧңȻܿɶ񣬵Ծ˵ʲôв
ԵĻĽ죬˾һۡ
У͸һҲǾãˣȷʵԶ͵ĳȡ£ǻһôĻ¾ͻΪŭֱҪˡ
ѿƵĶһˣɿԼôˣעƽ
ãô죡
ĽԾЦЦ˵
⳥ʮʯɣĽ쿴͵ĳ

Ŀη˸Ľ졣
ʱ˿̣ϵĽѾʧӰˡ֪ǰλܹܴ˵жߣ¼ҵļλܹǰҲǵùġλܹܴ˵ĵλ˿Ǽҵļ
¼ңﲻҵĳ̶ȡ
ĻͲҪ˵ˡ⳥ʮʯȻ뿪㻹Թ¼ҼȥܹܸҡĽϵ˵
ǡǣ˵ͷ
ӿռָڣȡһʮȵʯ𿨣ݸĽ졣
ʯң˺ˡĽü
Ŷ΢΢һ£תĿꡣ
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ڲ֮ǰˣУֻһĴڣɱɱˡ̶ʱȥȴҪģʮʯ͵ԷС
ų͹ʯ𿨣ʶĿ˿ԡԣǶԾЦŵ˵ͷ
ҲЩп
ˣǲһִĵϵӵܣ־óʮʯֻڶٳСмڣǲܵ顣
Ĳ˵Ǿ쾳ĳϣ޷һóʮʯֻ
Եͷӹ˳ʯ𿨡
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Բ֣³һӣûж˵ڣȴòͿ˵֡ңһ쾳綼ǵ
˵ǷǳļѡǴʱ˿̣ѣȥ
뿪ˡĽֱۡ
첽뿪޾裬ʱһƬհסûҪȥҲΪǱʶ֮Ҳ֪ˡˣĽϵ׽ӣҪ¼ҿ϶ϣ¼ҲԾκεж
СѣҸĵطһᡣĽЦ˵
ãԵͷסķ䣬棬ȥ
ţԣĽ
λҾԣܸмǸղܰæ֤Զܵ߹˹֡
Ľ;Ե뿪֮Уڶߣķ
˵ǸԵʲôݣ
ܹܴˣΪζôһһСѣ
ȷʵǺ֣ǴӶٳôʶܹܴأˣӦǶٳһӵܣǵնһģٳһҰɣѵҵĸ߲ܹܴϤ
̫ܰɣǾҵĸ߲Ҳ̫ܹܴʲôӴǲ񣡡ҡͷ
ڴӦţûܲµĽԾôԭ
Եķ֮ڡ
ԡ꣬Ľĸˣ¡
ԣղԳĴĲĽЦſڣҪɱǳҲǲԡǣ㣬ô˶ţɱ϶ܿʹ¼ҡΪɱһΪǵŮˣ¼ңⲻ㡣


251 Ʒѧ
Ľ˵ú⣬ǾȴܳԾ
Ľεݣ
Ľ죬ȴܶ˵ĻȻȫԵԼˡȻĽԲ˵ֻ
Ծ֮УҲǰͷûҪɱȷʵĽ⡣
ĽܹܣǳȷʵǴĺܣɱˡڴ֮ǰ֪ж߾ΪжеСЩŭ˵
ֳŭҲǹġ
磬ǼΪпģκʱ䣬κεص㣬߶ܻɥȽѧԺһ⡣Ҫסһ㣬һҪܿԼķŭȻҲҪΥġһ;رģߵøԶȡø߳ɾ͡ԣô˵㶮ɣĽžԣǴһ˿Ц⡣
֪ǼˣԼǿҪƣҲһס
Ȼ΢ɺ󣬱˵ͷ
ԣȷʵĽ˼һɹˣԲܱԼǣűߣܱŭسͷԡǣҲҪԼıģͿʧ
ʲô
˵ľۡɱҲǱĵһʹó˸ǣʱ³һⲢΥġȵʱˣȻɱ
֮ųһҪһȡ⡣ͺɱ±Ǿûκγɺԥ±ɱˣҲɱˣ¼ҲΪһʵʹӾʹ󶯸ɸꡣǳǾͲͬ
ԣҹҪлл㡣ĽЦ˵
ѾĿˣЦЦ
ǵģѾתԪˣЧšĽͷЩ˵
ˣƷ˵йѧʯӦȱѧɣһѧʯ͸㡣Ľ˵ţóһ鰵ɫѧʯ
΢΢һ
ȥܹܸԲδĽеõʲôꡣȷʵȱǿĹѧ
Ľͣ϶ǵеѧɣ
лĽܹܣûн飬л˵
Ľѧʯ϶ǱĿĽҲҪװģһܻĽòá
ȻֱѧʯĽϵЦݣ˼֡
֪ϲýѧɣҲǽûƷһֱȽصѧֽܷӶܣȫǿ߱ˡԽǿôֽҲԽˣȻͻסʣһѧŹʡĽ˵
Ľ仰ȴ΢΢һ
ԭΪѧʯ̺ѧӦǼƷѧǳԽƷѧ˼ѧȴû뵽ѧûй̶Ʒ˵ѧܣ޵ˡ
ճԽ˼ѧﵽؼѧǶǿܵġ
Ԫ½ϣѧƷಢӡ
֮ǰܽӴѧͨѧͨѧ֮ϣ˼ѧ˼ѧ֮ϣǵؼѧ˵ڵؼѧ֮ϣиΪµ켶ѧ
켶ѧѾǴ˵еĴˡǵؼѧǼ亱ǵڣ¶ûжٵؼѧڡ
˼ѧǵĴڣһЩǣҲֻҪļԱſ˼ѧ
һ˵ͨѧеļƷѧѾǷǳջˡ
ͱ羰ڵľңǿѧҲͨѧ֮еļƷѧ
Ŀǰǿѧն½ն½Ȼȴ󲿷ּƷѧҪö࣬ն½ϣƷѧƷѧǡ
Ľ͸ԵѧȴһûƷġ
ԣû˵ѧڡһȷǾѧԷͬһ㡣ĽȻû˵̫ϸܸоóĽѧʯӡ
Ľ춼ӵѧֵҲÿ˼ѧɣ
ԣһҪæͲˡ£ԵܹܸҡĽվԾԵ
ԽĽ͵⣬Ľߺ뾰귵صڡ
Ը磬Ǹղųʮʯ꣬ʯóԡ
ֻ꣬һߣ쾳綼ǡ
һӣûôʯֻ⳥ʯǸģԼЩʯ
꽫ʯ𿨵͹Կ˿꣬Ҳ¶Цݡ
ʯǳ⳥ģҪʲô˼Ц˵
ʮʯȷʵ١ǣԻûϡʮʯھ˵֣Ƕھ˵ȴҲʲôϵʯֻܶ࣬Ҳмʮ֮ޡ
ʮʯʲô
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ˣЩʯģúɣ쾳硣԰ڰ˵
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֮ǰ˵ҪԺöڿֻܵһˡԶԾǸ˵
ۻ¥һ¥ڣ飬Կ϶û飬ȥԷ
˵ͷʵԲԷǶҪ
ҵһ㶫ԻһתЦ˵
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͸㣬ոͻƵھ磬ľȹ̣кôԽɫƿݸ
ʲôɻ
㿴֪ˣѰĶʲôġҡҡͷ
΢΢üӹԵƿֱӣƿ򿪣Ŀʱһ
ƿڣǵҩ
ǡԪ˵
Ԫ
ȻǺѧԺѧԱѾ̤ھ磬ǹԪȵҩ˵ȻԻõġںѧԺڣ;õԪߣҪõһŹԪѶȶǺܴġ
ܣҪһأſܶһһŹԪ
Ըƿ֮ڣȻһŹԪŹԪ
ԣǶȵĹԪȵҩЧáЦŶԾ˵
һȵĹԪֵӽʯȵĹԪֵɾ͵óһʯ
ԵĻ΢΢һɫҲ˱䣬Ϣ΢΢
Ҳ̫ˡ
Ȼ֪ȹԪ˵ʲôźε塣
Դ̤ùĹԪҲû֮ࡣңõĹԪȵģûеõȹԪ
ԣһӾŶȹԪŶȹԪȫΪڶʱһ޴ķԾ


252 ֲٶ
еƿƵļ
ڶٳǣǾ峤֮ŮˡǣںѧԺû԰ıǮԴ磬ܸṩԴͺˡ˵٣˵̤쾳磬㾰ÿܸṩʯҲǱˮн
һöʯʲôҲһȵĹԪˡ
ںѧԺԽãԽԴ츳ȷʵǷѧԺڣ츳߳һصģҲһץһѡѧԺ̫ܶչˡøԴҲֻԼŬۡ
Ϊ֪Դʱ򣬾ƽ
þܾЩҩǶ˵㲻ʲôģ°ɣž΢Ц˵
šվǽƿصĵͷ
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ڣڿԿˡ
΢߶ԪԪӿ˳žѧʯϵƣ뵽ȱѧʯ֮ڡ
䣡
һɲɣصĵ糱ˮӿ뾰ԵԺ
֮һ񹦣Զת
ڲһת󣬾յĲ֮ѧҲת
ȱѧʯڵĵ谭ģ뾰Ѿյ֮ѧϢٵںϡ
ʱ˿̣Щš
֮ѧԿ÷ǳأͲĽ͵ѧʯѡղȱѧʯڵĵˡ
ŵϢںϣԵҲԽԽ

û뵽ڷеİ̯Ȼ֮ѧʯԣ˷֮Упİת
ӷа̯õ֮ѧʯ뾰Բ²һ̺ĵ֮֮ǰյ֮ȫϡ
֮һѧȷʵǱֳ˶ֱ֣ڶѧʯ֮ڵġ
ڼڵõģֻ֮еһ֡а̯õģһ֡
Լܸоѧʯ̺֮Ҳȫ֮
ˮ˵֮ѧȻǼµġǰĴ½ϣһǳǿļ壬Ϊѧ塣ѧһ̶ȣǸ壬ܻᱻ塣
ҵ֮ѧʯõ֮ҲֻС֡ܵõ֮ѧǡĿҲһ
Ŀ⽫
ڵ̫࣬ҲûôΪȷڵõֻ֮С֣ҲûȥѰĲ֡õֻ࣬ܿԵˡ
ͱһξа̯õһ֮ѧʯǾԵĻԵ
Ȼһǣʵ̫ˣҵ֮ѧʯڵʵҲδܹá
ٶ࣬Ҳʵʵʡ
𣬾óƷʯʼԪ
ԪΪһΪľ磬Ѿڵļޣͻƾ޿
ԪΪһת޸֮ѧҪļԪ
ƷʯָĵԪǾԽڵȫԪģܶ޷ոյ֮ѧ޸ɡ
һԪһ޸֮
ʱ䣬ˮһš
ʱţ֮ѧҲϵ޸Ȼ޸ֻ˵ԽԼõĲ޸δҵĵõĲ֣вһ񹦣Ҳ޷ƾ
պ
ৣ
ԣ˫ĿڣһЦ⸡ֶ
ಣһԵ壬ѾʧԶ
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Ϊڵٶȣŵ˵Ѿܿȵͼ龳ǿߵٶˡ
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Ծãǵͼ龳ǿշУҲδܳԼȫ߶֮ٶȡ
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ಣ
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һʱ󣬾ԵӰȫֹͣ
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ڵٶȣ֮ǰҪ˳һֹ
ֻǡȫ߶֮ԪҲǿֲΪԪۻ룬ֵھļޣҹƾô֮޷Ĵ߶ԣҲҡҡͷ
˵ǻں쾳֮ʱǺΪļޣʱԪ߶ڵ֮ҲǷǳļѡ
ڣûκβ£ȫ߶֮ǾԿҲֻܣ߶һʱʱڵԪͻһա
Ҳ̫ģΪԪĻ̶ȣͬҲȵǿȻԸɼԦ֮ѧ
ԣ߻صϣٴ
ͷһָֽڵļƷʯһ£΢ü
ĻǿֲԷп
޸֮ѧĵļƷʯʮö֮ࡣҲ˵⼸ʱ޸ѧĵʯͳʮ֮ޡ
⣬ȷʵֲ̫һ㡣
ããǵʦ޵Ƴһſŵҩ׬ȡԴ˿ͷ
޸һ֮ʱ򣬾Եû̫Դ޸ڶ֮ľͳʮͨʯٵõĲ֮Ҫ޸ǻ֪Ķʯ
ɵģһ֡
ҲӲ淴ӳ֮ǿ󡣾Ծãǲһ޸һ˼ѧ̫ôԪôʯ
ţͿĽܹҵѧʯĿһתһѧʯָֽ˳
ԵĴԴǬռڡϴŵָֽУҲв٣ҪʹõʯԪԴиոյõѧʯ֮ǰҲǷָֽڵġ
֮ȻãϾǹѧڶԾʵĵˣ֮ھԵĹмĸԼӿ쾰Իܵ˵ٶȡǿʱ֮ĸЧԺ΢ˡ
ɱУģԪ⣬ǹѧ͹ط


253 
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վѧʯ֮ǰԪתʯ֮ϡĽ͸ԵʯԼһ˸ߵӣһ㵭ĺιâת
ԵԪ͸ʯɫĹΣȻŨ
˲䣬һŵʯӿ˳žԵֱۣӿ뾰ѧϢ糱ˮ㱻ա
Ƭ̺󣬾ջֱۣѧʯĺɫΣȫʧѧʯڣκεڡѧʯʧȥ˼ֵͨʯͷҲûʲô
ȻǺصѧĿ
һѧʯ̺ĵԱ߶̺ѧġ£һոµѧʯ̺ĵϢǿԱεġ
ǰѧʯһκڲĵȫʧҲ˵̺ѧϢѾʧٱڶ
ȷʵЩ֡
ΪܸоóѧʯԼʹ֮ǰδʹùӦǵһѧʯ̺ѧˡյʯͳ׳ΪƷֻ˵ѧȷʵأһѧͬ
뾰Եõ֮ѧʯǲͬġԵ֮ѧʯǲȱģ̺ĵչΪƷǺġ
ǰѧʯڲǾֻһֽ͡ǣѧʯˣϣѧʯڵѧֻһ
վڷУ΢΢۾ոսյϢԹۿһ顣
ʥ⽣ܿģԾ֪ѧ֣ʥ⽣
ңҲˣѧк֮
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ΪԵĸһʥ⽣ʥ⽣ܣҲͨƷѧĲΡ
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Ҷȴѧȷ˵ͺһյʥ⽣ȴһڵס
յ㲻ܼ̺ĶڵȴԲµĶ
Եڶϸоʥ⽣ʱ򣬾ѾԼʥ⽣ƷѧƷѧĹؼŲҪʱ䣬ԾܽƷѧĲΡ
ȻڣԻܿʥ⽣ƷѧƷѧĹؼһ㲻Ҫɣʥ⽣ļޣԲͨѧΡ룬˼ѧĲΡ
ھͿʼȽʥ⽣ƷѧΰɣԺķһʱңʥ⽣ǳϸģһ顣
ţó𽣣ʼ
һ飬飬顭
ķڣâ⡣ھԵĿ£ɫâԷڵһƷû˿ƻ
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Բδֹͣȥ
ʩչƷѧȻҲԪģھ˵ԺԲơ㲻κεԪ䣬Զµʱ䡣
ǵʥ⽣ƷѧκĵԪǶȻࡣһ飬ԾԸоԪġ
ģȻԳܡûУʹʯԪǼ
ʮ󣬾ֹͣóƷʯָԪһöƷʯԵԪȫõ䣬еʮı
ʥ⽣ܣҲǲϵڶʮʥ⽣ܣǴﵽƷѧĲΣն½ܡ
ʥ⽣ﵽƷѧΣԼĵԪЩֲˡ
һ飬ͷ֣ĽһĵԪǴﵽȫԪ֮һҡ
Ҳ˵вԪĻҲʥ⽣ڵԪͻһա
ԴˣԵǲ⣬ԼԴֻҪʵܹõԾĵԴʲô
ÿһƷѧʥ⽣ͻͣʹüƷʯָĵԪ
ʱ䣬ڲ֪䣬Ȼߡ
Բҹÿʮʱʥ⽣֮ϡ
֮󣬾ԣص³һ
ƿˣԣ΢üҡҡͷ
ڵʥ⽣ֻƷѧʥ⽣ҲǽӽƷѧĲˡ
ΪƷѧþԸоϰ
֮ǰƷѧƷѧƷѧƷѧԶһǳɣûκε谭ɹڴƷѧƷѧ谭
Ƭ̣ٴζ
תһ񹦣Խն½ʥ⽣ںϡ
ն½ںҶ˺ն½ѧѧܼǿڳ֮ǰҲȷһܳɹն½ʥ⽣ںϡ
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ֻһ֣ͽռƷʯָȻһԾȻжΡ
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ҲǣΪԷһһԪһյʱʲôΣգȴûԪӦԣǿɾͺĪˡ
ڣһԪôʲôԤ鷳ҲܵһʱӦ
Ǽʱȥ
䣡
ն½ȫģ뵽ʥ⽣֮Сʥ⽣Ҳһ̣ɹΪƷѧ
Ե΢΢һЩ
ڵʥ⽣ȻֻͨѧеļƷѧܣ˿ͨ˼ѧңʥ⽣ܣȻԼ
ʥ⽣ΪƷѧϰҲʱʧˣԼĽȥһϰӦǴͨƷѧ˼ѧ
ʱ򣬾ԻǲòֹͣΪѧѧҪԪļƷʯһˡܲܣʹùԪĵԪ
Ԫ̺ԪԭͲ缫ƷʯҹԪļ۸ȴԶԶڼƷʯʹùԪָԪ̫˷ˡ
ԣҪԪȡʯƷʯùԪֱӶһƷʯ
ҪƵҩаҲЩп
ģֲ̫ˡڣҲãѧϰǶôȷҪƵҩǾԶ֪ôܻ˴Դ


254 ¼ŵǸ
Сѿڣ⣬һ
ԽĿתš
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ʲôˣͷ΢΢һ
ͷת󣬾Ŀ΢΢һתſ˵
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ˣʵǿǾԶ˵ĵһӡ󡣺ܿܣȫǵ龳ǿߡ
Сѣҽ裬Ǿۻ¥ܡ裬΢Цžԡ
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ȻҲ֪ĽĹϵͬһ㡣Ȼһ龳ǿߣ²Ծ˵СлǱȽϸмԵġ
ΪԣκͲ뿪ۻ¥κǲ뿪ҲͲܳΪۻ¥ܡ
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Сѣλǳ¼ҳϳ̶λǳ¼ϯܳһ裬ֽŽߵˡ
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ԭǳ̶ϺͳһܣһһᣡλǡԹ⽫
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Сѣ£ȷʵǿ԰æġ̶װûԻõ˼˵ҳ¼ң֮ǰйһأ׼һ¥ʹõġһж˳ڣȴһЩ鷳Ľܹܣ¿Ѿ鲻졣
ضԳ¼ҺҪȥҳ¼ʧܴ󰡣
֪СˬˣϲȦӣҾֱ˵ˡ˵СĽܹܹϵǳ뾰СѣĽܹǰ˵û̶ž˵ԼĿġ
ⷬԱǻȻˡ
УڣĽڵһأֵö˵϶һ֡¼ͨùصȨԭĺ˳ȴĽ쿨
¼ңһǻɣΪ˾ԣĽϵܣĽΪԳͷ⿨صĽ׳
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ڴ֮ǰΪ˵õصĹȨ¼һѾķ˾޴ĴۡҪڹһأȷʵסǳ¼ҲҪ㷽棬ȡ


255 
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ȻˣֻǵϣСܰæСѲæҲκεԹԡ̶˵
֮ǣոó԰æ޹أþԲҪᡣ
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ңЭĳԱҲǺܶࡣսѧԺԼǵĴңвСĲࡣ
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˵㣬ǵǽʦһĶԴ
ߣһǿ׳죬˵ʲô¿˵һкܶҪæӦ֪ῪʼҿûʲôʱӴǡҵʱ䣬ܱģ


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ţͷ˵һ󣬼ԣȻݵĿһ
վоԵСӣҲվ

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ôİɣţ˿ԣû־ԣֻǾЩƣˡ
治֪ʲô߰ģ
Ҳ㣿Ǻǣʲôֵأ㲻һʦǰ㻹ûʲô԰ġЦе˵
ʱ򣬾뾰˵֪Ƕʦ
ɫ˲࣬ŭĺһ
СӣȻƲ
ɣƵĵҩҪҲƵóĵҩǵֵءûȽ˦һƿ˹ȥ
ʶĽӹƿ
ȵȡС˵ʲô
Ƶĵҩ
ѵСҲһʦɣ
ԭĻӲ˻ȥСӣǵʦĻǾ治ˡ
СӣͣҲʮӽʮɣͣһʦĻڵϵ츳ɾͷǳֲˡ
ţɨ˾Լۡǲ̫ţԻһʦ
ҲȻĿžԡ֪ǵʦ
뾰ңһֱϵҲ֪쾳ΪʵǿԼҵ϶Իɱǣ˰峤Ұ֪ǵʦݡ
ԵǣܹܸΪ͸Ӳ֪ˡ
ԣ˵ԼƳҩ󣬾ͬګګĿžԡ
֮ǰ˵ʶʦЭĸ᳤Īǣλ᳤ˣ̵ľĻǾλ᳤ˣϵɾͲһˡֻǣҪΪʦҲôɣҪɹʦ֮Уʦ̵ҲҪʱɣ
ھ˼ʱ򣬽Ѿƿһŵҩ˳
Ԫеĵҩ
ߣԪƲЦһƲƲ졣
ԪֻһҩΪʦȻƵó
ţ仰ºȻˡ
Ϊ֣еĹԪʶΪȵҩǶȵҩ
ȻǶʦǶȵҩȷʵƲ
۾ϸĲ鿴ûеŹԪȷʵǶȵҩ
̧ͷԡ
ܣԲܣƳȵҩǾСˡŵҩԲƳġŵĿžԣҡͷ˵
ŵҩƳġǰȷʵûп԰ıǮһԸ㣬ҲƳȵһҩһƳȵĶҩԣ΢Ц˵
һԵľʹˣʧĿžԡ
ʲôʱڵ֮ϣҲֳɾˣ
Ҫ֪ڵʦЭ֮УЩʦһҲͱȽϴˡһʦҲʮ֮ϡ
ʦһ⡣
𱾴ᣬŲμԱģǲǸ׺Իһתֱʵ
΢һٿԵĿ⣬ҲƽࡣȻǲ̫ţȵҩǾƵģһǾƵģԣͷͬһˡʦЭᣬҲһǳԸ⣬ŵʦս
һԼ뵤ʦЭᣬλ϶֮ϡ
Ǹ׺ܸǷܸ𡣡Ƭ̣ǳԻӦ˵
ŶĿתת
ʵǣΪν֣޳Ļ˵ȷʵǸ׺ܷġ֮ǰԴ£ʹܵġ˶٣ֽ˵
þʱ֪ԭ򣬲û߾
Ǹ׺ЦЦ׺ˣеìܣ˱ӵֶΣǺǡ
ԵĻɷ˷ۡ
СӣǴðģ׺ǵʦЭ֮һ˵׺Ȼ˵Ĳ˵׺ֶαӡ
ţ˵ʲô˵׺ìܣ
΢΢һ¡
ܡͷһת˵
²еģڽȷûʱ䡭ҡͷ
㽫Ԫøܿɣ˵ƵҩһһЩԣҽóһЩȵĵҩϽԴ˽Ļڰ˵
⡭ðɣڻǵ˵ͷ
ίʵǣ˵Ļе̫ˡ׺ìܣɲʲô˶ġһˣ׺ЩĦԵ̬ƺпܣȻ׺ΪͻȻҪ֣ܽϻ


258 ɼ
ԣǵʦ
񣬴ʱСԣôͻȻɵʦˣ
Ϊʦɱ߽Ѷˡڣ緱ǣǵʦж٣ߣ޷ȡ
ǵģڶٳǵʱ򣬾Ƕʦˡ峤Ҳ֪¡ЦЦ˵
ûԾ˵ǣҩҲѾпƳˡֻҪ׼һЩϣೢԼΣƳҩǺܴġ
ǰ·Ժ;ں档
ղţԵĶȹԪøܿ󣬲ҽԿܻó൤ҩϣʦͬ˼һ档
ԽַأžԺ;ȥʦ
ʦڷ棬ǽȥɣվһӴķ⣬Ծ˵
䷿ǳ󣬶沢ֻһˣܸоڣгʮ˵ϢЩϢеĴأе΢΢ɲ졣Ծڵ֮ǿһ龳ǿߣڣҲԵĸӦ
Ҫ鷳һ飬ĵʦһ¡ԣתĿޱĽ˵
~⻰һû
ĵʦĸĵʦ
ݽ֪ʦЭڲֻһλĵʦǾǵʦЭĸ᳤ˣ弶ˡ
⾰Ըղ˵ʲô
ԼЩˡ
ôˣĪĵʦʱԶ˶ʡ
ڣڵģ˵ģǸ᳤ˣͷɴ۾žԡ
ԣĸ᳤ھͺãȥĵʦɣ˵ٳǾˡĽļЦ˵
Ѿ㣬Ҫ׺쵰ÿˡ
ʵ֮ǰȻ׺ܹܸһЩ죬Ҳûϡ׺ȴ˱ӵΪӾμᣬþԷǳ
˾һߣҾһɡԣˡ
׺ֱԾԣǾԻ̫׺̫ˣȻԾǵİ´ˣ͵øһѵӦһ仰ʲôʦʲôͽܡ
׺ĵӲǸУڿ׺˵ĵУҲһı޳ܡ
ȥɣʶĵʦġЦЦٴĽļ
ʱоԼЩˡԵ̬ʶĸ᳤ӡ⣬Ҳ̫ô˰ɣ
ϣǽȥܡֲԾ
󷿼䣬ڵʮӰԵĿЩϣٵһ顣һϤӰʱӳߡ
׺
׺ʱȻҲ֮ڡڸ׺ԶŵһߣڷһĲӣ˵Ϣ׺ƣӦþǸ𱾴ΰŲμԱķܡ
Ժ;һڵһĿ⣬ǿˡ
Ŀ˸׺һۣĿ⿴ŵߣλһǷʦ˰ɣ
ǷоԣŹԪƵģ񣬿˿ԣָǰŵһŹԪ
ŵҩǸղŽ͹ĹԪ
ƵġԵͷ
ǱܴĿǰûм뵤ʦЭ԰ɣԼиķչǰ;ղŽ˵ڱһЩҩ׺ʦҲڣԴ¡û̫飬û뾰Զ̸Ȥ
ʵҲ
ˣûдԡ㾰ǶСҲΪԼûмıҪڣҲǳķæûôʱ䵢顣
ڽʱ򣬷ıǣ׺׺˵󣬱нԴ
⣬ɲǳںġ
ǹġ
ĽǰڱҪþ֪ԼȨ׺û뵽ԻʦЭᣬȻˣҲ⡣뵱žԵ棬ݺݵ辰ԣСһ£ʲôˣܵġ
Ļ΢΢һ
ҩ飬ǴҪġҿίеʦЭҲԲίеʦЭҼʦʣΪν֣ӲμԱϻ֪֮ǰѾòμӱʸ񡣡Գʵ
ԣ⣬ʵҿԲشġǶʦϣҾش⡣ΪμӱԱ϶࣬ұȥһЩҪˣȻĻǵʦЭ᳡ҲŲô˵ġ۾תתŹǻԾ˵
⻰У˵ǲҪˡ
ʦôί񣡡׺һԣЦЦ
žԵ
ԣʵ㣬ǾҰ´ܲμԭ򣬾㡣һҪ㣬ǾҰ´ܲμӱᣬԺᣬǾҰ´ܲμӡ׺˵
Ŷ
ô˵֣Ӳμȥģ׺ϢᣬҲ̧һЩ
֮УʮԱͣеĹ׺;ԡ
ǵȻʶԡ
ڿ龰Ҳ֪оԵˣƺ׺ܣʲôìܵӡڣ׺ܣǹҪΪѾԡˣʲôìܣø׺ܴ󶯸ɸꣿ
׺̬ܵƺǺ޼˾Եӡ
׺ܷףԣҲ򵥰
һ˫۾ҲھϣУҵȷˣ׺ìܡ֮ǰ˵ʱЩ̫šڿ뵤ʦЭĸ׺ܲìܣìܻǳļҰ
Եϣ׷ʲô
Բʶ˵ʦЭĸ᳤׺ܣ˾Ҳ̫һЩɣ
һǻ꣬Ѽ׺һ棬˵ʵݣ׺ЩѶȵġ
ԣģˣҩҲУͿʼڹѾźˣˡ׺Цһ˵
ﲻܹܸŲںﾰԡȻΪĽ壬ȷʵҲֱӶԾԶ֡ǣڵʦЭڣĽ죬ҲֵܲʦЭڲ
ʦҾЩˡ֪θŲμԱģǷʦ㣬׺ʣΪֻܽƾʲôֲμĳԱţԿʵ
֪СûӦ׺ʹЦ
СһΪʦЭܣҲֱӸ𱾽μĳԱһЩ飬ǿԵġʦҲҵĽ顣ΪǸʺϲμᣬʦͲˣ׺ӵ
ֱ飬׺;ޱȵĳ졣Щͷ·һֱѹһʯͷ


259 
뵽ܹܸĽ棬Ժݺݵȹȹȥ׺ͷͷ·һ
һӣûô
һУΪǰСӣС
׺žԵĿ⣬ޱȵѹ֡ΪĽԵʣֽСɱ
׺ĻҲյĺܡ
Ȼ֮ǰû˵̫࣬ҲóԿʲôʱ׺׺ڻһֱ뱨ԡ
ڸ׺Ҫ񽫾´Ӳμ޳⣬Ǳԡ
ֶΣҲ̫һ㡣
ɫ࣬ҧűݣ뵱׺޳ܡǣջסˡ
Ϊ֪Уǣʲôң׺ǵʦЭܣǽ˳׵ˣҲģԳܵĴԼǲ⣬ΪҿǣΪ忼ǡ
񱾾ǺصˣҪȻҲǸ𾰼ҵİ´
ʦҲó׺ڴı԰ɣ
Ҿԣ׺֮ǰһЩ졣ʦλڳĵʦǲ֪׺֮Ĳηģ˾ãдҪ˵ʼգҶûƹ׺׺֮˶һģΪڵϣ󼰵ĵطҲΪһ㣬һλλȨصǰӡ
ԣͶһģҪҡλһҲɻҾǴӶٳģٳֻǵһСУ֮п˸û˵ٳǡҾСģ׼μӱѧԺˣѧԺûʲô󱳾
׺ôңΪβֱӶֳأΪλλȨصڣҰλ˵æø׺ͶҲĿŵĶ֡λǶǴˣӦܿ˵Ķġ
˵ǣ׺ҶĿŵֶ֣ͨΣҾ˲μᡣλѵǾͲã׺̫޳ˣʺϳΪʦЭ𣿡
ԣ߰ٵ˵ⷬ
ûֱӻӦ׺ѡ˵ⷬȻҲĿĵġҪУһӡҪЩ֪׺Ϊȫûе
ԵĻڵڶ൤ʦĬ
ǣûΪ˵
Ǵǵı鿴óˣ˾ԵĻֻΪ׺ݣǲΪ˵
Ҳü΢˸׺һ֮ۡǰ׺ҵæִȥҲû̫֪࣬ǶٳСĴûжͽȥˡ
ⲻʲô¡ֲǣЩˣ޳
羰˵ô׺أҲδ̫ˡַͨʽԣȷʵЩСоˡ
׺վǵʦЭݣһĵλʱ˿̣ҲֻܲıǣС
СҪ׺ɫԼķζҪըˡ
С쵰Ҳ̫ˣƫƫ˵ֶʵҲɡ
ҺЦ
׺Լ飬Լ
һģҲ֮˽˶ԹڣȴڵʦЭȨ˽˵̧ˡ֮Աǵ
С׺оڣЩʦԼĿ⣬ʱЩҲסĿһϢᣬԪΧת
ǵ龳ǿߣҪɱԣȷʵʲô¡
ǣУȻǹ˼ءô˵棬ɱԣܹĽ죬᲻׷
ؼǣɱԣûеġгɣҲĽ׷ĽȻݷͬһ㣬ҪԸʦЭܣҲûκԵɡʦЭĸ߲ҲĽ춯ʦЭĵʦ
ڸ߲Ĳ֮УռסǷǳҪġ
ʵԻ£˭е˭ȨԷѡ
׺ݺݵһ
գǽͷȼյŭ𣬸ѹȥ
Ȼ޼˾ԣŪԣܴܿԼǰ;Ȼǲֵõġ
ԽͣĵʦԽǾþ˵ЩġǾ԰һλææкûܰϣø׺ԾԹߡ
ҪȻ׺ΪβҶأ
ھû˵λ֣Ҳǿġ
˴æȴⲻӽˮλԸ⿴ǷˣĴص飿
Լ׺ȻӲѹסŭ𣬲΢΢ʧҡҡͷȻϣ׺Լ֣һ׺ˣǽԸ׺Ĵͻӳأûлᷭ
ϧ׺ϼһȻʢŭ֮£άǡ
Сӣɣļ壬ܲμᡣ׺ҧҧݣݺݵ˵
Ҫģ㲻ҪģǲءҲǣʶˡЦ˵
ԣ˵ˣ߰ɡᣬǲμҲաߵ˵
ߣǲ޷μӽᣬԺÿᣬǶ޷μӡ׺˵
׺ôȨҲ㶼ΪЭĻ᳤أ
ʱһصͻȻ
ҵȻ׺һЦ
仰δ˵꣬ĿһͱͣȻĿǰ
һɫӰӷ⣬˽
׺Ҹ㣬ûȨġɫӰ΢Ц˵
᳤
᳤ˣ
᳤ˣ
ոսˣڵĵʦæ񡣷ܣҲѸվʺ
ոսˣǵʦЭĸ᳤ġ
ĵʦԼģ΢΢Ц˵
ԣҿһʱ䣬ûˣ˵ҪμѧԺԺˣЦŶԾԴк
ڵĵʦԺĸ᳤ĴкһľʿڴֱԼ۾
ԣôʶʦЭĸ᳤
ʶҲ̫˰ɣͺǣѼһ㡣
ԣǺηʥ
ߵľһ˫ĿԲ˼Ŀžԡ
֮ǰѾ֪ʶĸ᳤ھҪȥĵʱ룬̫ˡ㾰ʶĸ᳤ĸ᳤ҲİɣοΪһС¡
˵ܷμᵱȻͷȴ£ǶʦЭĸ᳤˵¾Ͳֵһˡ
ڣĸ᳤¶ˣô൤ʦ棬뾰Ĵк


260 ͱ
֮Уһ㵵Ŀ⣬ھϡ
Ǹ׺˿ֻܶڸ᳤ԾԵ̬ȣɸ׺ͲˣǾ
֮У׺ͻȻ΢΢һЩһʼԾû˵Լʶ᳤ģҲ˵Դӿʼһƻ׺ļƻ
ʱ򣬸׺֪ĹϵǳǼ׺ٲԸ⣬Ҳض취ֲ©һʱ뷽飬뵽֮С
ɾԲû˵
ȻǹģҪԸ׺
뵽⣬׺Եݣ޲Ҫ̻СӣȻڿӣ׺ȥľ˽ȥ
׺Ϊ˵󲻴˵СҲС
飬ֻҪû׷Ȼʲô¡˵Ȩı˽ԼʦЭܵݣΪԵʦЭɾ޴ĸӰ졣
μӾԱǵǣĲǷ
ɶ
׺һʱ䣬ͷ
ǰѧԺĿ˿ʼءЦЦһƬĿ֮УڻӦġ
ţһɣڣҪһµʦЭڲֵ⡣ĵ˵ͷ󣬿ܡ
ܣ˵һ˵ľɡģ˵
ǣæӦ
ʱ˿̣ȻҲǺģͬʱԸ׺Щŭԭûʲôģ׺뾰ʲôԹҲ뷽޹ءڣȴӲǣ˽
ûʲôݱҲ޹ؽҪǣھȻĸ᳤Ĺϵ
ܣʵʵĽʼĩ˵һ飬ûκεƫСھ׺֮ǰìܣȻû˵ΪҲ֪ô¡ֻҪ͹۵ĽԼ֪յ顣
ǵʦЭڲԽ˰̾һ
ܣҲεģ㸺ɸѡģôΪ˵ָֻţѾȷ˵أĿŷ
᳤ˣȷʵΡǫ˵ûб⡣
⣬Ȳ˵ɣȽ֣ȥɡİڰ֡
ΪῪĵڣڸҲЩסһܼܲʱϤĹ
һĴᣬ׼Ƿǳӵġʱˣִܻܿ⡣
ǣ
ڸ׺ʱְͣɣҺͻ᳤δģֱӾȰ˸׺ݡ
仰һ˵ڳĵʦǣֶϢһ
ݣڵʦЭڣҲǷǳߵˡĸ᳤ֱӾͽ׺ְͣˣ˵󣬻Ҫ᳤ĶԸ׺Ĵð취Ĵ˵Ƿǳصˡ
Ǹ׺ˣҲû뵽᳤ģ֪֡ĶͲ˳ۣˣҲлЩСˡ
᳤㲻׺Ҫְͣʶľͽ
ΪβЦһ
׺һͣƿԡ
ǰΪʦЭĸ᳤ڴס˻ᣬְͣȻҲûʲô׵ĵط
׺һʱ䣬ͺúõķʡɡĿ
׺΢΢һ
ϣ¶һ˿ġ
ʲôˣΪ
ʱ򣬴ӷŷٶȴһͺȡ
һƺɫ۵ߣվžԺ;
üͷ΢΢һ塣
ߵɲѺáȻ仰ʵûʲôĵطȴһʵ˼
᳤ˣ
᳤ˣ
ڵˣֶ׷׼
һλ᳤
ԣҲ΢΢һ
ʦЭᣬһλ᳤λ᳤λ᳤֮һģһˣӦþĵʦ
᳤ģ˹֡
ĸ᳤ˣǵʦЭĳԱɣӦ˵ĿʼھԺ;ϡ
Ҳ᳤Ļзѵζ
᳤ȷʵǵʦЭˡ׺űȿˡ
ڼ󣬸׺Աÿ࣬Ҳٴ
ʵʵţĸ᳤ú÷ʡ𣿡ü˸׺һۣȵ
ǣǣ׺ͷ
Ȼ˸׺ǾԵҲó׺ϵȽ׽˵仰Ҳǹģ˵ĵġ
ĿӾԺ;ƿġ
ԺλŮʿҵʦЭĳԱģҲûӦ
׺ȷʵˡǵʦЭĸ᳤˵ĹϵпɣʵϣȴҲźܴľϵˣҲԼϵ׺ϵˡ
֮ԣİ˸׺ܵݣҲⷽԭ򣬽ôõĻᣬĿ϶Ҫץס׺ǲĶԸ׺Ҳûֶ̫Σڸ׺ԼˣԸ
ȻˣҵʦЭˣΪλڵʦЭ֮У
ңˣǵʦЭİ칫صأô£ʦЭᣬǲĹ涨˲ܽ칫صأһӼң̬ͱˡ
ʦЭᣬȷʵĹ涨
˵ǰ칫صأЭڲƽʱһҲ׵Ľ
ܴ֮žԽΪ֮ǰ뽹˹ϵ
ڣҪ¹ˡİ˸׺ܵݣûжԴ˷κ׺ˣҲûҪһ˼סԺ;ˣⵤʦЭİ칫֮أȻҪˣġ
ǶٳǾǰ´Ա֮ǰѾòμʸ񣬵ͻȻֱȡˣҹ˼ά죬ǣڸִ֮֮꣬ĲģҲһ˽⡣
֪뾰ԹϵܡǵʦЭĸ᳤Ȼĸ᳤о˵Ҳǲ뽫ĸ᳤ǣ
Ȼ˽뵤ʦЭûֱӵĹϵ;Ĳԡ
ֲֻ֮Уܶ鶼޷˵õİ취ǣ׵Ľĵϵжϡ
ĻһЩ˾һۡ
ǰһ̣ɫûʲô仯ֻǴž񣬿ڶȻ֮䣬Ŀоһĺȵ
ʦЭʲôطΪ͹䣿μ˶ˣѵǵʦЭᣬܽÿһμӾĵ˶нȥЩ޷μӾĶμӾĵģѵЩ˶ҪҵʦЭᣬҪҵʦЭһ˵ɣĺǳ


261 뵤ʦЭ
Ȼб㽫Ժ;˽뵤ʦЭ칫֮һץסš
Ҳ֪Ժ;뵽ûʲôϵ
ͬҲ֪ʶֻҪʶģôľժɾ
Ȼץסһ㲻ţƾҲ᳤˽ǡҪģһӴģҪ˴ڵʦЭš
ͬʱҲҪѵԺ;ˣ˽뵤ʦЭİ칫֮أ˵ɻɾĻ죬Ҫ̽ʦЭءɽ
ʶģһ᳤ȴסԺ;ôڵʦЭڲţȻͻܵǿҵĴ
ʱ׺аˬĺܡҪ˵ҲͲ˵Ŀ̺֮⣬涼ó
㲻ְͣ
ղŲţƵĺ
أôήˣ˵ˣ
׺ӹġ
Ҳо׺Ŀ⣬ͬŭĺܡǣȷʵЩ֡Թۣ϶ġһֵĻǾԺ;ˣ϶ѰȻȥ˽⣬׷žԺ;뿪
ĸ᳤֪˵ûйϵȵѯġ
ķ뾰ʶֱӽץĳ뾰ʶ£ļϾˣһƤ
ȷʵҲıˡ
ʵĽ׺ְ֮ͣǰѾõǣûмųΪ׺ΧڵĴ׺֮ٳȡ
ڶ൤ʦУһİ
׺Ƿˣһ㣬ҲϡĴ׺Ȼ׺ҵˣҲϾ׺Խˣдȡ
ڣԺ;ˣȻǴ˵ʦЭĹ򣬿ô졣ҪˣǾ͵úú˵˵ˣ
ڵλʦʱҲųĬλ᳤֮ĽܹģֻһԿ̬ķչ
Ǻǡ
ڶݵĳ֮󣬾ͻȻЦˡ
ЦȻ󣬿ǴʱڵǷǳƵģЦԵ÷ǳͻأ
ɫһ䣬Ȼɨԣüͷ塣
СӣЦʲôȵ
ŶûЦʲôԲҡҡͷ
Сӣ㲻Ҫ̫ôʦЭ칫֮أһᣬܲЦó˵
ȷʵû׷ŹԺ;ˣҪôˣڻûãҪĵľ̬ˡ
ʦҲǿҵ˵仰񣬡ȷʵʶĵʦҺϽ䣬ȴĵʦûκεĹϵ
ԲŲæ˵
ʦԿվڽĽ
ʱǳĻ֣̿ɲ͵λ᳤Ľ֮Сԣһ㶼ע⣬ǿԣ޲뿪䡣
ǣ˶Ҫעʱ򣬾ȴֱӽг֡
˲䣬˵Ŀ⣬㶼ϡ
꣡˻һ
ȻǳĲԣǴʱ˿̣Ҳװû
ϲߣ˾һۣվӦ˵
ʦղΪδҺϣأԷ·û񣬼Цʵ
Ǹ׺ʦҴǹġͷ·һͷ۶ʵʵ˵ĵ
֮ǰȷʵǸ׺Թġ
⻰Ըˡ֮ǰΪǷǹģû뵽ȻǸ׺ǷǹģǾԻĻǸ⣬ϾûʲôìܳͻǸ׺ĻԾ͸ûѹˡ
ʦǸ׺Ҫǹģôءֿ
ɫ
ߣ֮ǹΪ֪ʶĸ᳤׺΢΢һæ͵
Ȼ˵Ϲ
֮ǰͲ֪ĸ᳤ʶ֪ʶģͲþ֮þԹĿҪ辰ԡ
Ŷԭԣ˵ͷ
Ȼ֪׺˵Ϲ⡣ʸ׺˵ϹҲûʲô壬׺ֻҪҧ˵֪ʶģԼҲҲ֤ݣ֤׺ʵǲ֪ġ
ţʵĿľǼĵʦġԵ˵ͷ
ǺǣҲˡ΢΢һ
ͬʱҲһ䣬ǹ޴Ϊ˵ԼʶģܵõֱЦ
԰ҵȻϣʵҿɲĳЩˣϲ˵ϹǳʵˡЦ˵ĵʦҪ뵤ʦЭġҲ֪뵤ʦЭḷ̌ʶĵʦ˽һ£ⲻǺ𣿡
̯˫֡
˼ǣĵʦҪѯʼ뵤ʦЭ̡ȻʦЭᣬȴΪ׺ԭԲŽ䡣
ţĿһ
ģҲԡ
СӣҪ뵤ʦЭ᣿ƾʲôΪԼܼ뵤ʦЭ᣿Ľڣδ̫׾˰ɣЦ˵
Ŷʦң뵤ʦЭᣬʲôҪɡԾ͵˵ֻ
ʵϣ֮ǰҲȷʵûм뵤ʦЭĴ㡣鷢չһҲֻһˡ
ߣҪ뵤ʦЭᣬȵһʦССӣǵʦ𣿡ЦһĿžԡ
ͲţԻǵʦ
ҲѾ֪ǴӶٳĲֵһС
˵ǶٳСУڣҲҲʮĵʦԣ˵ǵʦǾǲܵ顣
ţڳĵʦҲš
֮ǰȻó˶ȵĹԪóȵĹԪ뾰ǵʦûбȻϵ
ģüžԣ֪ҩʦǼɫҩʦҩϣ弶ʦкܶط羰ԡǣ֪ǵʦ
ʦҩʦ֮Ծҩʦ츳ʱգԳΪʦǺܴ󡣿ҪܳʱĻУʦһ;ܳΪġ
ڳУҲֻи׺ЩܹܸûۼƵҩóһֽĿĶȴʵãԻǵʦǶС
ŶǾûˣǵʦǿԼ뵤ʦЭġĿⶼžԣ֪Ӧʱ򣬾ȴ˵ôһ𾪵Ļ
ǵʦͺһ
԰ǵʦǻСءЦЦ˵Ŀһתģĵʦ뵤ʦЭᣬ𣿡
ԡĶЩ޷жˡ
ǵʦǵȻǿԼ뵤ʦЭġǣǵʦƳҩǾſڿӣɾ͸ˡ


262 Ա
ֻڶٳǵʱһΣ뾰йݵĽӴ˵ʵԾԵԸ񲢲Ǻ˽⣬ֻǴӶٳǳ֪һ㡣
ҲжϾǲſڿӣͼɻأһЩǡ
Ϊ˵ܻⷬܿὫ̬ءھⷬ˵֮ǰȻţ¾ıԺ;᳤ҲֻڵĽھ˺ˡڣЩﻢˣںŪ᳤ǿɾǷǳصĴˣҲ޷ȫסԣᵤʦЭ᳤ְЭ
û
ˣ֮ìԽԽңΪ᳤ְᡣ
ڵʦЭڣ᳤˾ûڣĺ˶֪˾ýڲ֮󣬱뿪ǵʦЭᣬǰڵнһͻơ
һҡ
ȷе˵ʵҲһСֻе̫ˣԪ½֮ϣŵԾö֮߾ֱӳΪˡ
Ҫ뵤ɲǺɵ顣
˵½һ뵤ʦϣܽ뵤ڵи߳ɾ͵ġǣҪ뵤ҲһЩϸ
ǵʦЭĻ᳤˾ãѾЩò˶ãͻ뿪ǣǰ˾λ᳤һߣЭ᳤ְλȻҪ᳤У˾˭ܵõְλҪڵʦЭڣ˭ܵõ֧֡
ҲΪʲôˣץסһлᣬԷڵʦЭڲŵĹؼԭ
ԼأĵĶգգ۾
ı飬ͷǲܵˣ治ȷԵʲôˡ
˵ǵʦǵʦˣͳ
òץһδĵĻᣬȻı⡣ԭΪ϶飬ȴû뵽ԾȻǵʦǵʦҼ뵤ʦЭĻ¼Ȼ޷Ϊĵֶˡ
ģ
⻹򵥣
ʦ뵤ʦ뵤ʦЭʱ򣬵ʦЭ᷽棬϶ҪҵİɣȻʶĵʦҲԻᰴչ£ԸܵʦЭ顣Ե˵
㻳ǵʦʵԿԣ鰡
Ը飿һ
ΪĵĹϵƹ׶Ρȴû뵽Լ顣ĻûɼԺˡ
԰ͰյʦЭĳϸûκ⣬Ҳûκ԰˰˵
֮ǰȷʵûھͼ뵤ʦЭᣬ鷢չһҲֻôˡң뵤ʦЭᣬҲδǻ¡ʦЭɢ֯ڲԱĹϿҪҲ˵뵤ʦЭᣬȻǺɵġ
ԣӭǵʦЭᡣҪʼˣ飬Ҫ֮󡣡æ˵
ߣһۣҪ˵ʲôĵĻȷʵҲҲ©
ʦЭᣬ³Ա飬ǱȽӵġһ˵Ҫ᳤֪ͨˣʱ᳤Լල򡣾᳤ûʱԲҲҪһλ᳤ͶλڳС
飬ִټǲܽеġ
ʽʼеʱڣҲȷʵûиľȥ龰Ե
ᣬһµһµʱ䣬Ҳ˵龰ԣȰʱ֮
ҧҧĿһת䵽˾ϡ
ߣ׼뵤ʦЭģôŮأѵҲǵʦҲ뵤ʦЭ𣿡ϣֳЦ
ǲܼˣﻹһء
ɫ΢΢һס
ɲǵʦ˵ʦˣҩʦǣӲܼ뵤ʦЭᡣڣìͷָô죿
ǺǺǡʾ⣬Ц
ʦЭᣬҪ뵤ʦЭᡣǣһЩҩڵʦЭ֮ϽԹµġڶ֪ˣ׺ڱְ֮ͣǰǸƷԱ֮һ֮ǰ׺ϹΪҪҩ⣬Ȼ͹ˡ
׺֪ⵤʦЭĹ֮ǲģȴϽ˰ЦеĿ׺
׺Ϣһֱͣ
˵˵ȥֽ˵ˡ
Ļǣ֮ǰʱ򣬻˵ҪóһЩҩ
ҡ׺Ӷڶͷ˳
׺ݵ˸׺һۡ
Ҫʲôҩڵɹ׺ֿʵ
æԡ
ûʲôҩóеҩҲһ͵ҡ
˵ʵμᣬܾĵĶҲ࣬ҩĻһЩڵҩҲĵͼȵҩһżֵǧʯġ
ҪĵҩЦһ۾ʾġ
ţԾóһɫɫƿ
ϵĸֶȵҩǱȽ϶ģģҪǹԪԪĶģ˵ࡢⶾȵȣƳҲͷûõʱ
ΪƵҩȻֻһֵҩֵҩֻҪǱȽϳģԶ᳢ơ
ԣϵĵҩвٵġ
ĵץһƿɨһۣɫˡ
һۣ̲ס룬»᲻ʼգĸġ
óĵҩԶǶȵһͶҩСôóôĶȵҩ
Խ룬ԽǾпܡ
һʼ˸ȫף

ԭΪץסᣬúѹһѹĵģû뵽ھȻչʢ˵ĳ׼һѵڿֻõʦЭĵʦǣЦ
ʱ˭ҪôӵģʱҪ޹ˣͽЦ
ʦղŸ׺˵쿪ʼƷѾȷܸˡЩҩǲǲˣҪǲҲûϵġԼЦʵ
Щҩ߲Զ̫⡣ҩⶫֲֵңҩӲͨ㵽ʲôط׾ȥҪȻҲһ˵ˡ
ߣ
ûʼأʲô׺̺ŮǩЭ飬ȻЩҩζҪըˣƫƫֲܷ
ԽǿƲסǿɾҪ˿Цˡԣʱٷŭ뷢쭣Ҳס
᳤׺Ѿְͣˡõ˵
ۿԱȻǷǳ˵ġ
ȲܾԵǲǵʦܲͨʦЭ飬ǰ֮顣ʱ˿̣ǸԱ뷢ֲܷӣ˷ǳ̹ġ


263 ô
仰Ƥһ󶶶
Ǹ׺ѾְͣˣȻְͣˣƷ⹤ȻҲֲ׺ˡ
ҲΪ̫Բһӽ¸ˡڵô൤ʦ汻ѣʱһѪĳ嶯
ȷʵǳгǸǰǷǳϸܴﵽϲŭɫĵزǽ죬ˡ
Ҫ룬Ҳ֪֮űضܴܵӰ졣ʦЭЩʦ϶ۣЦ
ʱҲ޷ıˣ
ȥܽйɡģЦеֶԽԸ˵
ҲǸƷĵԱ֮һ
ǣæӦ첽תȥ
ģģ˵ʶ㣬㲻ϰɣʢŭ֮УЩ˻ơ
ΪҪϣĿ˿ԣҵѡ
ڶٳǵʱ򣬾Ծ֪ûӵˡ˵ԼѺ󣬾лЩж
˵ģ
ߣȵɵμӵʦЭ顣ʱСӲߺߡ˵ûм˵ȥ
˼ڳ˶ס
ʱԲˣǾ᳤ΡĵԵĵˡ˵ԼǵʦҪ뵤ʦЭᣬôʱʧ˻˵ˣǾ͵ǰڳĵʦЭˣˣˡ
ʦģҼȻ˵ˣͻһġԽӹͷ˵
СӣʱҵҪ㣬мＸҪǸҺŪңɱҷ飡ĸ᳤Ҳס㣡žԣɱȻ
ߣϣһһӣתȥ
Ҳûʲô˼ˡ죬챻ˣԣȻҲˡлĻ϶Ūйߣ
Ƭ̺
ĸ᳤ң󣬼ģ
ףôԣеЩ⡣Ŀ֮Уǳһ˿⻪
ڣĿҾĿûкûᡣڼԣ˼ʱֻ
ʦãԶЦЦ
ܣʶ԰ͬЩ⡣
֮ǰ׺ìܣĻΪΪڶٳǸ׺Ӳ飬Ը׺Ծе⡣
ڣȻҲʶԡ
ʱӦûôʶģ
ǵģܹܸԣǼΪɫĵʦءֱӾͶ˵
ģ΢΢һ
ϣ鵤ҩɡԣҹһ¡Ķһµ
ǣ
ãԺ;񣬶Ӧ˵
ģԴһ֮ڡ
ԣǵʦ뷿ֻ;ˣĵҲ˺ܶ࣬ЩȲʡ
ղǰ泩ģ뵽ǾԲͨĻǿɾʹ²ˡʱٷ֮һ٣´¡
ǵʦǶʦҲС԰۾Ц˵
Сӣʲôʱɵʦģľ̾˵
ĵʦʵڶٳǻᣬҾѾǶʦԿĵ
㡭㵱ʱȻûң۾һɣյ
ҲûҰҡͷҿɲϲ԰ڵˣұȽϵ͵
ߣСӣ㵹гˣҸղţΪһ亹ʦЭڲڵ㲻˽ġĹϵˮ˭뱻Էץסѱİڰ֡
ȻǵʦǾûˡ뵤ʦЭᣬ˵ҲǺ¡ĽЦ˵
ղţǷǳġǾˣô죿ʱץסλᣬݺݵĴԼʱɳһ
£ԲΪ⣬ĵʦʵ֮ǰûм뵤ʦЭĴ㡣
СӣȻǵʦݣҲһڵϣи߳ɾͰɣȴҡͷ˵
ȻԵͷü˵Ҽ뵤ʦЭᣬĵʦҵȼߵĵʦҲָʲô
Ե̬ǳš
˵ȻԼġǵĵʦЭڣĵʦڵϣҲܳԽǬǬ͸Ҫʦָ㡣٣ǵĵʦЭᣬָ㾰ʲô
仰ĵûȻ΢Ц
֪СӱиڡЩʦ϶Ȳ㱳λĲ˵
ڶٳǵʱľͻɾԱиˡ֪ѾǶʦС󣬾Ϳȷһ㡣Աûи˵ĻԸܳΪʦܹ̳ʮĶʦˣȻ
ϣ㾡ȫҲ̵ܵóһʮĶʦ˵ڵʦЭĻ᳤˾ãҲԶԶ
˵Աʿˡ
ԺٺЦ˼ûгϣҲûзϡҪ˵˵ĻǾԱУˮǰˮǰǴ½һǿߣ˵ˮǸˣһ㶼١ЩϢĿǰǲܱ¶ġ
ԣ뵤ʦЭ֮󣬾ܴӵʦЭڲһЩ޷򵽵ݰƵҩ϶Ҫݣܶ޷򵽣ڵʦЭڲа취Ūġת˵
Ŷԣû뵽һ㣬˵ԶʱȻ
ңʦЭǱȽɢ֯Ȼһʱڣ̯һЩ񡣲Ϊ֮󣬾ȫǿԵˡ뵤ʦЭ󣬺ôɲˣǾǵʦЭˣʲô⣬ʦЭҲǿ԰ġļ˵
ԵҲ
ĵʦҪΪܣҪʲôأȤı顣
һ˵ҪļʦܵܡȻܹƳȵҩĵʦҲƸγΪܡĵʣ㱳˵ָ㣬ΪʦҲ̫ѵ顣ʱҿ԰
Ƕлĵʦˡ˼ҲԾ
ȻδҩҲ˲ٵĵá˵ģò˶ʱ䣬ܳΪʦԼ֪ʱ䣬ҪģҪ̵öࡣҲûбҪ˵
Ե룬ȵʦЭԼʱֱҩȵҩ᳤һ仰˵
һᣬԱǡ
񣬵ڵʦЭ档
ԣĵҩѾɹίеʦЭˡῪʼμ𣿡ʾԡ
շ飬þʱƻá죬Ǽ̫ĴˡЩƽʱû
ҾͲμˣҵ׼ѧԺĿˡʱ䣬ӦҲˣ½ھͻῪʼҡҡͷ˵


264 
ԲμᣬҲûκ⡣
ĵҩҲίоΪġõʯӵʦЭ͸Աǡ
;Իصۻ¥˵һỰȥᣬվͿʼˣҲҪ׼
ʱ䣬תǰ¹ȥ
һյİۻ¥ڣͻȻ÷
ҲõϢգѧԺ˿ʼӡһ˵ص㣬ڿ֮ڡ
ҪʼˡС
ڣʱ䣬Ѿǳһʱˡ
峿ɫĳأӳմء
ƺƵȺſӿȥ
ڿ¥ڣ뿪¥ſȥ
Ժ;꣬ҲȺ֮С
˻ࡣԿܵһӰҲЩ̾ԵǲʲôģϾǵһβμѧԺĿˡһѧԺˣһҲôˡ
ھߵľ꣬ԾЩš
꣬ôšԿžꡣ
Ը磬һûͻƵ쾳硣Щʧ˵
Ȼϣһָ㣬ҲŬҪǽ죬̫̫ˡ
˵ӿȺɣеĴҲ쾳ߡ
쾳磬Ҳδزͨ˵ġԵ
ÿһѧԺˣҲв쾳ͨˡ
˵μӿ˵ߣͨ˵ģҲɵء̾һ
ţġ꣬һοʧܣԺҲлᰡβУһο˵ʱضѾˡԵ
Ҳ֪ԾʱΪҪͨˣѶȷʵЩ󡣻˵ϣǺܴ󡣲һοʱΪļʺܴ󡣶ߣͨ˻ϲ⣬û⡣
Ÿնʮ꣬һѧԺˣҲȫμӡ
ͷ˶뿪ٳǵʱ򣬻ӦһƿʥҩϡǾʥҩĻѾˡϧҲû̫ࡣ
ƿʥҩ˻Ի͵¥
šصĵͷ
⣬һӼлڼÿһߵĿơ
ڶߣŶӽ뿤
Լ˰ʱʱ䣬Ժ;ˣҲ뵽ڡ
Ǵ󰡣ǾլԺҪʮɣ꣬̾˵۾Ĵۿ
ЦЦȷʵҪǼլԺʮǼңǵļңլԺȿ󡣡
ԵѧԺһʱ䣬˽⵱ȻȾöࡣ

һС
ھԺ;̸ʱһ̶
üȥһɫ۵ߣ߰ˡɫߺ棬ߡ
ĸģɫߺһˣָžԺ;꣬ʵ
ǴģʲôϵЦЦ
ϣСŵĺܰ
С֪˭ǳ¼ҵĳܣɫߣŵ˵
С֪ǳ¼𣿡
ٺ٣Щ֪¼Ҳǣô¼ҵǿ󣿡
ģҪ˵ЩСеͲӦǽ뿤μѧԺĿˡǣ鶼òá
ǣѧԺӦЩĳԱΪҪЩҲμӿأǽѧԺҲǰװ˷Դ
ˣһһģĴʻ
ܣҲвٵ߶˳ܵ˵ЩһЩˣҲ¶ŭı顣ǣȻŭԡ
ЩǴĳԱܹǵġԣ㱻輸䣬ҲֻˡһЩһǺܾͲܹеˡ
ЩˣһһСˣҲջĺܡ
ЩǴĳԱȷʵҲûмߡУеߣǻȳ棬Դġ
¼ң
ŭ֮ܶУ΢΢һ
¼ңǳ¼ҵˣԿܡ
ڣ֮УҲֻһ¼ң֮ǰ˶ĳڵĳ¼ҡһðһܣ¼ӵܣϰˡ
ŶСӣҲ֪ҳ¼ң
Ȼ֪¼ң֪Ҫô˰ɣղСӣײˣҺҸһǸˣҾͷŹҪȻٺ١ܣЦŶԾԵ
Ǻǣ¼Һ˲𣿡Цһ
¼ҵĳϳ̶ܳһԵǸԣôܽ¼һСӷ
ߣһƾֱ
ڣܾȻҪǸ
쵰
Сӣ˵ʲôţ֪ӿڳ仰ڣҿΪ¼ң㻹֪¼ҵĺҸ㣬Ū㣬㶼ǰҪΪڿڣҾͲɱ㡣ɫһ䡣
Ϊ֪¼ҵĴڣһᱻŵƨ̹ġȴû뵽ԾȻһ¼Һ˲
ֱǶԳ¼裬衣
ܣСӸû¼ҵһ°¼ҵҲŲסŶߵһˣһЦȤ˵
ȻҲǴӵܣȻӦòô˵
仰ɫ䡣
˰
ɱң㵹ǿԿԲм˵

Ǹߣʲô˰
ȻôԳ¼˵ƺ֪¼Ǵ壡
ѵͲ¼ңûùӳԡ
һЩߣгͻפۿǲҿֻվԶҲԺͳܵĶԻ
˵ĻǶɴ۾ȻĿԡ
֣СԿô˵ղžͳԼҳܵߣĿ˵
ˣȻǲ⣬ڼŭܡ
СӣԼҡ⼤ĻȻӿƲסŭ˵žҪԾԶ֡
ţȥֱ̧ۣһ䡣
ţСӣĪˣߣҲˣҳ¼ңڣܵϣֳһĨ⣬˿ղ˵ˡ
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ҲɵŶμȻҲóֻΣŶżҵӵܣȻֻżұȽϵӵܣϾżˡҲãŶϷֻܽŭھϡŶǹʱޱȵĿġ


265 ȡ
Ŷϣɫ䣬Ŀһɿµĺɨԡ
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СӣȻһһСȻҵһ
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ŶֱⷬҪˡֻһؿڣ·Ҫķγѡ
ΪҡźΪҡźˣЩĿڼܣóܾöóŭ󵱳ɱԣҲܿһ֡ңǿ֮ڣܵɱˣܿҲܴȥһЩ鷳⿴ġ
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쵰ֽѧԺģҶԾԼ裬˵棬ѧԺյѧԱУõѧԱ


266 뾰˵
֮ǰŵǰٳǣѧԺ˵ѡι
ΪɱĵţòŭɱйߣҺöٳǳʱűסԵǻʱԻĿܱɵ
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Ŷ˾Ǿԣ˳Ųָķ򣬿˹Ŀھϡ
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267 ܾѧԺ
ڳ׼μѧԺԺ˵Уʶ֪ʵģֻռ˺Сһ֡
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أȻֱӸɴľܾˣ˵뿪һ쿪ʼûٴѧԺ


268 ɱ
ΣʱΣ
ͬʱҲڳһŭ⡣ʿ̬Ȼˣ
ԣվȣ̫ˣС̫֪ߵغˣԺѧԺĪңȴҾܾһСӣԺӶ
·ŭʵУŭЩϲԾܾ룬͵ǵѰ
ĻЦ㽫ѧԺʱǹҵĸܣԺҽѧԺȥˣǲ֪ʲôʱֱءУҲǲԺӣѡһѧԺ޹أԱĵ˵
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ȻûдѧԺǺѧԺ·ɱþԾò
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ĿһתֿһɫȹŮߡ
ԺһѧԺأɫȹʵ
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ԺľãֱҪ𣿡΢΢ü
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ʹ˷ɱԣЩ̫ˡ
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飬˿·ľԡ
ðɣҲͬԺҵһѧԺҲɱ԰ɡջ˵
֮ǰ˵ɱô򵥣򵥣
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ôڣһѧԺҲԾԷɱˡ
ǵڣѧԺȫԾԽзɱҲ˵ǲ̫лκһѧԺ֮ˡ
ԺˡһѧԺԺִīüͷ壬ܵ͡
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츳ߣҪܽǵһѧԺ̤龳ĿԺܴ󰡡ǡīǵһѧԺǰٳǼලѡεˡ
ڶٳǵʱīͺܿþԣҲǳϣܽһѧԺڣһѧԺȴҲԾ˷ɱ


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ڼһѧԺԺԺ飬ҲԾԷɱī̲סڡ
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˵׿ҲûлġܹĻѧԺķɱȻʧЧˣ˵һ䡣
󣿡ī΢΢һ
ôܣǵڣѾнʮ꣬ûвμѧԺ˵ͨˡ
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˵󣬾ǵÿһĿϣж˿ͨ
ͨ󣬾ѾǶˡ
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ĻǺͬ
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˵ʱǺģߡ
ԣɲǱЩӵܣЩӵܣһˣܵõԴǼģѧԺܻõԴֺǾڵļ壬ֻǶٳСеļ壬ܵõԴͺˣԶѧԺڻõԴȡ
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СҲҺҽϾĿ⣬ɨԡ
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Ը磬Ҳ̫˰ѧԺ̫ˣ꣬ҧǵ˵
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ԭԲûڿϱʲôҲ̫עĿڣԸı⡣
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ڵĵòǽڶμӿ˵ߣҪͨ
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ȻԺ쾳쾳磬ټߣͬǷǳǳٵġ



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֣׼μѧԺ˵ߣĿж¶˷ܡɫ
һͨˣǿɾѧԺѧԱˣ
ǵڣ֪жߣζҪѧԺΪѧԺһԱڣȥһΡᣬۺ졣
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ڸ̨ϣĽ죬ף쳹㳡
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ܿģһٸˣһٸ֮ǰȴŽ
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Ը磬ǴȥҲǺܴôͬʱôˣ꿴ŲϽߣһĺ档
ڲԳɿռ䣬濴ȥǺܴ󣬵ڲǷǳģԽԶڲҲһ˽⡣
ԭˣ꣬Ȼĵ˵ͷ
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Ϊľ۷壬ԪĻѾļޡʹüƷʯԪ֮ԴܼǿԪڣȻܹ
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֣Ԫ̶ȾȻˡԣûڵԪˡȣȻ׵ĲҲ˵ķȷǳ֮
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ԾȻֱӱ۾ͨڵ
ͨȻ޷յġһξԲμӿ˵ʱ򣬾޷һΣβͬԾãܿԼ˲һйء


271 Ҫͨؽ
ʱˣ˫Ŀٿ
ͨڿȷʵ֮ϲǿԣԵǲһֱЩǡ
ǣʱϾҪˡ
ҲΪʱ䵽˶Զͳȥ

һԪȻԵӰͨһӰ
ܿԴʱٶȣֱܱǴڲĿռ䣬ڴʱѹ£һ߼ֱά裬Ǿȴ·谭ķɴܶٶȿޱȡ
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ϾҪʱˣʱûѵ޷ͨһֱڹעԡ
ȻעԵĲһˣѧԺĻ壬һѧԺ飬һЩμӿ˵ߣвڹעԡ
֮ǰԵھܾ룬ȻΪʵǿӦܿͨ
ǾԼˣʱ䶼쵽ˣɾȴûд߳ǲǿ˵Ըûʲôʵ
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ˣҲǷҡͷ׼ͨؽ
ʲôǻĳȣ仰һࡣ
ԣҪ󣿡㵵Ŀžԡ
Ȼ֪ʵ׺ھ磬ͻߡǣˣҪҲǲ̫ܵ顣
ܴɹõͨؽĻǷɱȻᱻȡǣô׵ģ
Щ׿ߣͼ󣬿ȴһ⣬ûһܳɹ
Ҫ֪ЩҴߣûһߣÿһʵǿģ۷徳ߣͬʧˡ
󣬲ʧܣΣա
ʧܣʱ䵽˱ͳͬмߵգһãܻܿ档
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ԣ㻹ʲǫ̂ϣЦŴʵ
ѵ㻹ͼѧԺ
ѾûǸʸˣֿԴ󡢲֪𱰵СӣⱲӶѧԺˡҿ㻹ضٳǡ

̨ϣЦ
ԶŸ̨Ŀŭȴ
߲ûʲôϵǿΪҰңȥҶȥЦһ˵
㡭ɫһ䡣
ʲô㣿˵ʲô֪ˣ»ΪǿءֱӴ˵Ļ
Сӣа
Сӣʹ󣡡ȵ
ЦҪÿ֣Ǵģ˵֪𱰣ӻ治֪𱰣Ҹýѵѵˣҡҡͷ
΢΢һ㶣ҲЩһʱ䣬Ƕû仰˼
֮󣬲׹ˣȻŭ
Ъ˹ŭ
ܹܴ꣬ˡ
ʱ򣬲ߵһ˵˵
ֻýŭǿѹȥȻ˫ĿðŻ棬׺ޱȵĶžԡͷϵˣҪߡ
Ľ쵽ɨ˲һۡ
ֻȫ΢΢һԼЩԾĽʱĽѾת·ľ޴㳡
λĵ󴳹أʼ
ڣⴳߣվǰĽ죬ϴ΢Ц˵
û˷֣ĽĿ⣬ھԵ϶ͣƬ̡
ߣվʮϢ֮ڣǻûоΪȨĽ죬ֽ˵һ䡣
ಣĿɨһۣǰ˳ȥ
˲䣬ǧĿ⣬ھԵϡ
СҪʲô
ע󣬺һ̲ųɹġڣȻҪ󣿡
ǻףѧԺɱҲ޷ѧԺġ
һ˷·͸˾ԣ˵ˣҲȻĵͷ
ǵһվȥġ֮󣬽ӶģвٵӰվ˳ȥ
ʮϢ֮һߣȺ֮վ˳ȥ
ͨ󿼺˵ߣǧ߰ʮˣȴֻѡͨʮ֮һɴ˿ɼ߶ûġ
Щ㴳ߣһ룬ǴĳԱЩˣӦҲ벩һʧܱȡѧԺʸһڼڣôԴ
ͨѧԺѧԱݣЩ˵û̫õǽѧԺֱӻüߵĵλˣͨѧԱɱȡ
ȻЩ˵ʵҲǷǳǿġɨȥȷЩ׼ߣںڵΪ
û㹻ţҲȷʵǲⴳ
ڣһηĻᣡǣȷҪôҪ֪һΣյġҲ˵ڵ֮УΣաĽ죬ԾԵȶ׼˵
ûκΣյġ
һΣա
Σأ۷ߣܻ֮ܿС
û˷𣿡ĽžԵˡ
ȷʵûʱ
ȻվˣҲ׼վ֮ǰ֪ʲôҲףһΣա
ãǾͿʼɣ
Ľһ֡
󷨣ȥ󷨡ͬ󷨣̬ȴǲһġһ󷨣Ӧ̬󡢵̬
쿪󣬽տľǵ
ٴαǰҲʮڡ
ǣһʱʱͨأһʱͨأᱻԶͳĽʼɣ
һҲͶߴҲͲҪķֶСߣ㼸ʱ䣬㶼ȫ֮С


273 أ
Ƶŵһ߹ȥУŲæл̨ԼΧ۵¶΢Цͥɢһ㡣
Χ۵ˣʵڲ֪˵Щʲôˡ
ܴˣþ̫װˡǵ󣬲
Ѷȣ֪ҪǿٱѶٱ
μӿ˵һˣͨģǧˡǣǧ֮УҴģֻҵӡ
ˣջ֪ж˿ͨ
̫̫ͨˡ
ˣžԡǣΪͨվͨ󣬶ǿӣʱ̣ſͨյ˵󣬾Ծûκοܴȥġ
ڸ߽ࡢī˵ӵпߵս˵ĻģǾпܣʵ˲ˡϾ
ߵսǲ֮ȥôʱ䡣ԣֻһͣǾʵ˲ˡ
ֿԣ
һֱþԵĵһѧԺԺִīж޷ƵΪԿʵ˲ˡ
ৣ
ԣ
ǰľ˲ת䡣
ͨԿ˿ܣ۾
֮ǰμӿˣһҲǽ󣬲ûн󣬵ʱûʵԵҲû˽⡣ڿӦǲĹ졣
ѹ˺ܶ࣡
֮ѹҪ֮д
һھߣʱʱ䣬ͨļʺܴ󡣵ھ߽ǿ´粽СʶıȽ͵֮Ĳࡣ
ǰߣͬʱתһ񹦡
ʱͬȻտռڵ
һΣûվԭأһһա
ͨʱ䣬һʱڵ̫ˣԼ߶֮Ҳ޷֤Լٶȡ
ԵĿͨ󣬶ýΣȵ񣬻Ҫ֤ܹͨ

֮УͻȻףĿⶸȻһ
ʱһɫĻ棬ڿռͻأĳ֡ɫ֣͵žֹµϢ
ҲκεĴ⣬æ߶ԪѸݳŷһɫâ˳ȥ
ɫ汻ɫâɨУʱɢΪһƴСɫ档
ţüͷһ塣
ɢɫ沢ûڿռɢںʱڣٴ۳һƬɫ棬ž
ɫûͨ¶ȣǸԵĸоȴΪΣգһָӦԼһɫȫסܻķա
֮еΣգܾɫĻ档
ɫ͵Ժɣٴλӳһɫ⡣
֮ǰһһɫڽ֮ɢȴʧ
һξûԭصȴǴ߶֮һ˹ȥ
Խɫ棬ǰδ¾ۼɫ棬Žʧ
һĻԲɳһɫһֱ׷ĻȻ˵Ҳ̫вҪݵյܾ֮ˡ
ǰߣ
ʱ󣬾ԾͲȷ֮гѹȱǿö֮⣬ֻʱͻȻֵɫȽѲ
ϤɫĹֶκΣգԾ˵ҲͲʲôˡ
ʱһţһʱʱ޶ҲԽԽӽ
棬ǹ㳡ϵߣǸ̨ϵˣŵĳڿ
ͨ󣬻ͨ
ܶߣѧԺҪĶ
ͨߣѧԺ̬ȾͱȽһ㣬Щ߳ͨͭѡһѧԺ롣ǣҪѧԺϵǣȴҲ̫ܡ
ǶͨߣѧԺ̬Ⱦˡ
һ˵ܹʮ֮ǰͨߣǽĻΪ龳ǿ߼ǰ϶顣
ǱߣȻֵãѧԺŵ̬ȥ£
ͨˣͨˡ
㳡ϣһ
ڵĳλãһӰѾ߳һŶʮҵӣɫۡͨվԭأĿȻĿܡ
̨ϣҲһ궯
ǲ̼ҵĲ˵ͺ
̳ϣϲϲ̼ӵܣһͨ󣡡Ĳ̼һλϵء
λ̼ҳϣЦţƶչˡ
ͨ󣬾ԲǼ򵥵顣ԼǵңҲ̲ס˷ܺϲá
ͬϲͬϲ̼ҳӦܵĹ
żҲͨˣһߺ
ųϣ֮ǰɾ˵˰ԨѧԺġЦŶżҵһλϿ˵
ԨżӵܣҲнУڶͨضߡ
˵˵żҳϣڶֱ˵
ԺͲصˣԨѧԺҲܵǵɣֱǵ˰һѧԺԺԺ壬һ˫۾
ų̸£ʲôϵ˵ǰգų£ųҲ˵ȿѧԺԨѧԺġһ
̫صˣ̫صˣҡͷųϣ㲻ܺ˱˰ŶҪһѧԺ㲻ܸʩӰ찡УһҵԨ̸̸ԸǺѧԺǺѧԺһΪҪѧԱ
ֿżҳ˵
Ҳ̫˰ɣǵһѧԺǺѧԺѧԺͲˣһѧԺԺԺ飬Ҳü۵˵
ȻŮԣʱ򣬾Բǿֵʱ򡣶ڶߣ߾ܵȥ
̳ϣ֮ǰɶӦˣ˵ҪһѧԺ㲻ᷴڰɣ鿴̼ҳЦʵ
ǺǡҲȷǲ̼ɫӵ֮һҲ뷨ġѡһѧԺԼ̳ЦŰڰ˵
УһҪǵһѧԺҧݡ
֮УͨߣҲˡһ½ҵӵܣҲ֮ˡ
ȻһƬ
ܹߣÿһѧԺĶΪЩ߽ǵѧԺһ֤Щ߼
ǵĸ
һʱʱ𽥽ӽβͨҲԽԽࡣһǶˣͨߣҲͲʮˡ
Сʮʱ
Ľ죬󣬿д˵
Ľûʲô飬УҲ
أ
ľأ
ĽɻĺܣȻûмԳֶսŮĽƷ˵۷ɱʵͨ󻹲׾٣
ǣأ


274 
һʱĹ涨ʱֻвʮˣǾԻûдӵ֮߳
ѵ
ڵУʲô鷳
Ľ죬ҲⵣǡڣȷʵΣաȻ֮еΣԶԶ󣬿ǡ۷徳ߵ֮УҪǴˣһڵ档
ԣɣĽĬ
̨ϵѧԺԺԺȻ۲ݣҪΪԼѧԺ£ߡ
ʱ򣬵ûкܶȥעˡ
ҲǣˣΪͨôûڵ֮Уһʱ䵽ˣͻᱻԶͳ
ৣ
ʱ򣬵ĳڣһɫӰͻȻ¶
ɫӰһ֣۽ȫĿ⡣
ȫߣһֱעĳڣÿдӵڳߣһƬ֮̾Ȼǵͨʲôһ塣󣬱һƬάϲ
һΣȻǲͬ
ΪһγڵڵߣǴӵܣǸԣСжٳľԡ
ô
ԣ
ٳǵľԣѧԺ˷ɱľԡ
ôܰҼǵãͨʱ򣬶ǳǿʱ̲ǿͨͭģôͨ󣿡
ˣ޷ܡԭǸͲʶԣֻΪԱѧԺ˷ɱǲ֪ˣע⵽ԡ
ͨǿôͨ󣿵Ѷȱ̫̫߳ˣڵߣŪö޷ͨ󣬾ôܹͨģ
ԵӰ֣Ľ죬΢΢¶һЦݡ
СӣĽֹһ䡣
ŮĽƷ˵ӵ۷ߵսʵֻҪСһ㣬ͨ϶̫ѡԣȴʱͨĽΪǾԹģԾ׼ʱ䣬ӵ߳
մʱ򣬾ˡ
ĽҲ֪ΪҪҲ޹ؽҪ顣ֻҪڹ涨ʱͨˣͿԡ
ʱѧԺԺԺסˣ۾ŵڵľԡ֮ǰ˵Կʵ˲ˣھȴ˵
ô˵ǷǾԼԼˣ
ɫٶܵ˿Ŀ⣬ƺмζˣŭ
ԣʵǿһѧԺԺԺ飬˵һ䣬üҲ΢΢˴ء
ԵʵЩˡȻ֮ǰīִ¾˵ӵ۷ʵپã⻰һЩˮֵġۼȫžȷʵ۷ʵ
֪ǿôͲӦöԾ·ɱͨѾõ߿ɲ࣬ÿһѧԺĿ֮ϣһѧԺҲյ߶ѡ
κһߣֵѧԺصģ
ī̾һû˵ʲô֪ԵʵҲȰ˵Ժ鲻Ҫ·ɱɷɱѾˣ˵ʲôˡ
ɱһˣͲ׳أ㾰ԶɱҲһЧѧԺþԽǵѧԺ
ѧԺĻԺͬЩˡ
Ϊʲôڣ
ᰡͨߣСģҲ˶ʮꡣԣȴûдﵽʮ꣬ͽԵ츳ʵгˡߣǷǳѵõţվںѧԺϣȻϣܽѧԺ
壬ҡҡͷû˵ʲôˣҲ˵ϵԼ档Ȼ˷ɱǾˣҲüȥ
ڵĳڸԽԼͭлһö
ЦЦԱ㽫
Ŀ⿴̨˶ӡ
Сҧһ䣬ΣǲܼѧԺ
СӶ
ʲôˣģ
ԣͻȻһͺȡ
תĿȥһɫ۵ӡˣòǼΪӢ𺣬ȥЩɭ
ʲôˣԵȻ֪ѯԼ˵ʵζþԲӦҲ
ߣżԨԨ߰ĵû㣬ӦòǱǵߣȻҲܶ
Ǻǣû˶ˡԷֽԨжȻһ䡣żңûκκøУżҵӵܣͬûкøС
ţԨüͷһ壬
СӣҪΪͺǿˡУʲôҶݣֻЩˡһҲǸ˵
ڴӵгˣʶЩˣȫǱǴĳԱҲ֮С
ǾͻȻðܲ⡣
ҿûΪԼǿ㲻Ҫ˵˵ʵҾ㲻ǺǿҲ϶ǿöࡣһЦ
СӣԨû뵽ԾȻ˿ҵ涥ײŭһɱͷų
ԨǰɣСһ㲻Ҫǰ԰ڣҪ֣һת˵
Ԩ΢΢һ㶣һû׹ʲô˼
ԣ죬һᴳСҪ֣ǾһΣǾͿ˭ǷЦԨ˵
ԨͫȻһ

֮ǰûҪȥ̫ˣʮûܴ󡣴ʧʧȥѧԺʸ⻹ʲôǴļǺܴġ
ڱѧԺ֮ǰЩߣʶﵽһӡҲ˵ˣͻһȥ
Ҫ֪Щҽߣûһ֮ǶԼżǿŵġŶûУǾ͸ܴ
Ҫ֮ԱҪ۷ʵһ۷ߣֻͨж۷ߣпͨý
ÿһνǶ𶯵Ĵ¼ƽҪʮңŻһýߡ
Ԩžԣһʱ˵
СӣҪ
ҪǹûԼģ
ৣ
һ㳡ϣһӰ֡
ʱ䵽ˣЩߣǴʧܣԶͳġߣһˣɹߣϾԣһҲʮˡҲ˵ɹߣʮ֮һ
ڽߣǿɶٮٮߡմģҲʮ֮һ
δ󣬽ˣ
ߣ˵֮СԺǻὫڵеʬ壬Ľ̾Ϣһ˵
һǶˣسɹʮˣΪʱ䵽˱ͳߣֻһٰʮˡôߣ˵֮С


275 û˴
ۻ¥Եķ䡣
ĽܹܣţĽ죬
ȥ˵Ľ쾶Խ뾰Եķ䡣
һʱ֮ǰԲ뿪صۻ¥ȷʵû뵽ĽԹ
ԣѾ֪ѧԺķɱѧԺԹĽ쿴žԡ
ĽܹܣҶѧԺԹ̫ǽѧԺȷʵΪҾ䡢ʵˣҲϣҲûԹˡǣһѧԺˣѡһѧԺҲҵɰɣȴΪҲԸѡѧԺ߳ŭ·ɱǺǣҲΪѧԺԺԺЦ
ţ˽һ£ȷʵĴǾԣһѧԺǵһǺĽͷʡ
ڶٳǵʱӦһѧԺīִ£ѡһѧԺԵ
Ļȿ˽ȥһѧԺԺĽ˵һѧԺԺһЩ飬˵仰ͿԼһѧԺңʵҲǿ룬ѧԺ¶ڶ·ɱˡ
˵ԺɲǵһԺԺϯԺһѧԺڣȨˣ
ĽܹܣûҪȴҡͷ
֪ĽǺ⣬ѾһɹѧԺķɱȻʧЧˣҲͲҪĽ
ŶѵѾѧԺˣĽЩɻ
ǣ
Ҫص
ʲô

ԣɲҪ£Ľ仰ɫΪ֮һ䡣
ѾϸĿǹˣգһᴳʧܣξͲѧԺˡЦЦ˵
ԣ֪ʵǿƷ˵۷߿ʵǣΣաЩ֮еߣ붼۷徳ߣвε۷塣Ľæ˵
üͷ΢΢һ£󣬱ĻҪѡ
ֻ΢һ£Ŀٶȱüᶨ
ģ
ΪѣȴΥġȻѾ˾Բ׵ľ͸ġ
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ԣԼҪСġвͣԭأʱ䵽˱ԱͳһԽԽΣաĽ룬Ƕ˵
ףллĽܹܡĽл
գ㳡
һ뿤μѧԺ˵ߣͺˡն֮Уһʮˣʮ֮Уջ㳡ģȴֻʮˡ
ڵ󿼺б̭߻ûдߣûʸ뿤ġ
μӿ˵ߣˣǸ̨ϵˣȴǰ컹ҪһЩ
ֿ˵Ľ죬ҲȽ硣
գҪ𣿡Ľ죬վڸ̨ǰˣ·ϡϡʮߣʵ
գѾҪ׸ˣҪһҪϵԼĽ˵
ڣȷԼҪˣǰɣĽӶһұۡ
̳ϣҪ𣿡żҳϣԶԲμӳ˵
Ҳ֪ҲʹԼûо̼ҳҡҡͷ˵Ҹ˵ϣҪ̫ΣˣҲ̼һɫĳԱ֮һҿ϶ǲϣðյġ
ţ̳˵ǣҲôΪ½ҳҲ˵
ǰ̫ˣʮͨ󡣡Ԭҳ̾һ˵
ûнӽ龳ʵǴȥġżҳϣҡͷ˵żԨ϶ǲᴳģȻѾӽ۷壬Ǿ龳ʮǧ˵Ǿһ
ǰǰ
ܶͺܺˣڽ˰ɣҵĳϣ˵
λϣǼҵӵܣ󡣿һĿϣû˻ᴳˡѧԺԺԺЦŲ˵
˵û˴ԭģһѧԺˣǾμӹǴοˣҲû˴
춼˴Ҳ춼û˴һֻһ˴Ҳһ˴
˵
鵹ǲĿ˽ȥӴ˶λߣϣܼѧԺǼλߣҲ¶ѧԺԸãһζʮ֮Уٻ˻ѧԺˡ
ھԣֱӱˣԶѾɱˣȻ


276 
Ҫߣǰǣʮʱ俼Ľ죬ɨ·ľԵʮߡ
ʮʱ䣡
ʮʱ󣬻ûǰôѧԺˣϽ쿼һ˴
㳡ϣżҵԨݺݵžԡ
죬˵ҪģԨҲȥ󡣵ʱԨûлӦûһӦȻһ꼶ԼҪСٵߣסˡ
ȻûҵӦ
ԨΪĴżһ֮еţȴɨأһ⵶ؿڣЩ͸
⣬ȼշڡ
Ǵʱ˿̣Ըûȥ˼͸޷ˡ
Сӣ㲻Ҫ𣿡
ô˵ѵǷƨ˭˵ҪģôˣôˣԨĿžԡ
ŶԿԨ
ûֵĶðˣЦ˼Ҫǰɣ
Сӣ㲻Ҫתƻ⣬㲻˵ԼҪ𣿡Ԩҧ˵
ǰ˵⻰ҳϰҺ˵Ҫ֣һڣ㵽ҪһֵˣҪһûֵķأЦ˵
㡭Ԩ˫Ŀ
Сӣ˵ҴˣͶûֵķ𣿺Ǻǣ⻰ɲЩˣԼȥˣԨһ˿ܵߡ
ûֵķϻƲƲ졣
˳ȥλȥ
ԨֱɵˣĿɿڴĿžԡԭΪԲȥ󣬿ھѾ߳ȥˡվԭأͺһɵȱһ㡣վû߳ȥη壬Ҹž߳ȥ
ţ
ʲô
ĪǣҪ󣿡
ԨˣĿⶼھϣһնݡ
̨֮ϵˣԭ˵˵ЦЦģ߳ȥʱǵȻֹͺǱʲôӲһ㡣
СӣҪʲô
ٳǾԣܹܴˣ߳ȥ󣬶Ľ칪ңҪ󣬶
Ե쳹ȫ
ˣ΢΢ɫһĿ⣬ۼھԵϣǶ֪ԱѧԺɱ㾰ѾȻ޷ѧԺ
ôڵľԣҪͨΪѧԺɱ̬
ԣ㿼𣿡Ľ죬žʡ
ھۻ¥ڣĽͼ˾ԣҲ֪Եľġһ飬ҲҪԸı⣬ǰչҪȷϡ
ǵģ΢΢˵
ţĽ΢΢ͷֿʮߣʱ䣡ɻˣҪ𣿡
Ľո£Ⱥ֮У߳һӰһɫ۵Ӱ߳վԵߡ
ǣ꣬󣬶ӣĽ칪񣬿˵
꣬ӵܣ
ңҲǴ壬ȻڵңѾĴȣңҲ¼µļ塣ʷϿҵʷƾó̶ȣҪȳ¼һҪƾáңҲһңʱ䳬ǧ֮á
ңһļ壡
ڸ̨ϣҲҵĳϡ
˵Ҫʱλҵĳϣûκı顣Ȼ֪ҵҪ
꣬㿼𣿡Ľʡ
Ǻˡͷ
Ľ죬Ҳ˵ͷ
ʱ䵽ˣڣ
ԣ꣡ˣˣסȫһ֮УΣأҪСĽǣʱʱͨʱ䵽֮ûͨǽᱻͳĽͳ˵

֮ϣʮɫڡ
ʱ򣬾һۣȴЦЦ
ԣҿɲ뱻˵ǣûõķԣҪ󡣺Ǻǣ֮УҪסҲΡˣһЦŶԾ˵仰ûȾԵĻӦ̧ţɴڣת۾ʧ֮ڡ
ԣ΢΢ҡҡͷ꣬ѵĺܡ
ҡͷ󣬾Ҳûеʱ䣬Ԫ΢߶뵽ڡ
ѧԺĿˣ˴һԣһꡣ
ǴӶٳСߣǴҵӵܡ
Ĵңûӵܴ󡣸̨ϵĴҳϣ鶼вͬһͬģȻǾã޹ⰡĴҵӵܣӦͷ򣬶ڣȴһһ˷ͷԭӦĴķͷ
ԺǸԣǶѧԺķɱźܴԹͨķʽԼĲءżҳϣЦһ󣬶˵
û˵ֻ꣬˵ԡȻĴӵܣɱϾҲǴӵܣʲôżҵķͷ
ԣżҳ仰Ϻûʲôףͺֵζˡ
ϧЦЦڿѧԺ·ɱȫȷľΪ󣬾˼ס˾дʵǺ޴Ϊѵ֪֮ڵΣգǸʵ֮л֪ȥֱ޲ɼ
Ѿ̡
㾰ӵߵս֮УҲǲܻġ۷ߣδܻ˵սߡ
Ժ˵еǾԽ껹ʮ꣬Ժеǻᡣһ޷ѧԺԺǿԼǣȴѡһ·̫çײˣڣҲԼѡ񣡡ѧԺԺԺ壬Ҳҡͷ˵
ѧԺλԺֻ飬û
ЩΪϧ
Ȼ˵ЩЩ֡ǣȴò˵ʵԾߵս֮Ҳѻ
ãԣһߡߣ֮УȷʵǿϧˡҪڵһ˷ɱ鵹ϣܼһѧԺңȷʵмһѧԺԸ
ϣܻɡУĬĬ̾Ϣһ
ⳤϣѵ۷徳𣿡Ŀ⣬ҳϣʵ
죬ͽӴ꣬ϣܼѧԺǣ겢δ̬
ȷʵ۷ΪҳϿһۣЦЦ˵
꣬ڣ⼸ʮɫߡ
Ĺάһ䣬ⳤϣϣýʮʱ䣬ûܶýˡǺǣȷʵкܴϣⳤϣϣܼѧԺܲܶýԼѧԺ
ԺҿɲΪг㻹ҳЦ˵
ǺǣЦ˼


277 ɱ
Уɫ䡣
һɿµʵһѹǳһеڿռڣһϸܵĿ·
Ҳ˲䣬ʹ߶֮еԪ
ڽ֮УԾ׼֪ѶȣҲ֪Σճ̶ȡҲףĿǰʵ϶ǲ˵Լһܴġ
ս˵۷֮УϵˡɼˣҲ˵Լһͨ
׼
ǣ󣬸ܵռڵĿ޷Ƶɫ䡣⻹Ǹս֮ڣǼȥٵѹȻҡ
󣡹Ȼͬһ㣡Ʋסľ̾
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ڴ߶Ԫ֮ͨļѹ󣬾˲١
Ԫ֮ͨеϵ໥ѹ˻˻˺֮£ǿռе·ɫ·һ㣬ھӡ
Ϊ˽ʡԪҲĿԪıֻһȫľ֮⡣Է߶ԪҲԽżԶĵطԪҲ졣
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һԭþԲ뽫ȫѹȥЩʲô׳
͵֮УԾ˲֮дڵڵԪǿ֮УΪ嫰磬ȻףЧá
ھԵĿ֮£ٿصԪ΢¶һСӣܹתһ񹦣תΪá
ЩͬʱҲǰȥҪȡģȻܴԭءʱʱʱڣҪ߾ܵģͨ
꣡
һ⣬Ȼ֡
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ȫ΢΢һ˲Ԫŷǰһɫɨȥ
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֪֮ǰɱ⣬ɫӰġ
ĿۣҪһЩǣɫӰӷ·ʵʣֻܸеһģӰӵУƺһɫ䵶ղŵĿֲ⣬Ӧþɫ䵶
ǣɫӰӽ䵶ӶһɫƳ֣Եĳɫ˺ѿ
ǿ΢΢һͬʱԼУͷŵޡ
ಣɫӰǰ΢΢һ٣㼱žе䵶µܣҪԵ˺ѡ
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⾿ʲôԵĶźɫӰӡ
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ĿǰΪֹͨŰ׵ӡ棬кܳһ·Ҫߣ谭ԶȻ׾ʩչԼǿĹֶΣ˭֪滹ʲôԼ
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ۣɫӰӣٴμˡ
գʱ䣬ɫӰ˻
ףĿ΢΢һҲ˶
ȫͷţӦֺɫӰȻȥûܵκʵԵ˺ǺɫӰӵϢƺһЩ
һΪ֤ԼĲ²⣬𽣽նһɫͨ磬ŷɫӰӣҲϵĺˣϢԽԽ΢
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Ȼֱӽɱⶫ̺Ӧһ޶ȵģ޾ġҲϹͿԲ𽥼ȥԣĵ˵ͷ
ʮʱ֮󣬺ɫӰɢͨڣָƽ
Ҳǣɳһ˿ǰĵ棬ûκʬ£ɫӰӣȷʵʵʵ壬Ӧ壬̺һĿǰʵֱɱһͨһ


278 ͻ

֮ͨУԴڴϢϵɫۣѾȫҺ͸
ѣ
̫ˣ
ȵΣգ
ӽڣѾȥһʱʱӽʱʱˡʱڣһĸɫӰ
ڼʱ֮ǰԲŽĸɫӰ
ЩɫӰ̺һġڶɫӰȵһɫӰǿɫӰȵڶɫӰǿĸɫӰֱȵɫӰǿܶࡣ
Խ棬ĺɫӰʵԽǿ
ĸɫӰֵʱΣ֮ѧԿѾɱЩɫӰȻʽ򵥣ǵٶȷǳֲ˷ʤ
Ŀ⿴˿ǰ
Ե˫üҲᵽһ
ô죿
ȥͨˣ
ЩΡ
ͨӦ󡢵ͨͬ
󡢵ͨȼ㣬ôִĵطҲ߹֮ͨһһ·̡
ʱ޶ʱ䣬Ѿ˳һ롣
ʣ²֮·̣϶вֹһɫӰЩɫӰĸɫӰʵͬԶûκλͨ󡣸˵յĺɫӰ϶ǰʵǿ
ѵ޷ý𣿡ԣģ
ǰͨ
һһŹԪ֣С
ɫӰþԪļ󣬶֮ڣֲʹüƷʯָԪƷʯ̺ȹԪö࣬ȴûʱʹãôҲֻԪԪˡ
߾ܰɣǰ
ɫӰɱҲûкôģԵʥ⽣͵õ˺ܴĥʥ⽣ܣҲڲϵǿ
ԣûʲôϣͨ󣬾ȻֹҪǰ
һʱһʱ䣬ͨһͨһɫӰɱ
ԵǣһĨЦݣҲ
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ɱ⣬˲·ܵ¶ȣࡣ
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˲䣬Դ߶֮һ֣Աǵ֮߰⡣
Դ߶֮ʱٶȼ龳ǿշȡ
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֮߰󣬾ûκγɣһźɫӰնɱȥ
ҹԺȵ
ĿǰʵҪɫӰǲܰ쵽飬ֻͨĹĺɫӰ̺һҪѭ򽥽Ḷ́żҲûκô
䣡ɫӰ䵶һɫĵ۳֣뾰ͷŵĺɫײ
һײ֮󣬺ɫӰҲֻ˺׵ӡ
Ȼʵǿˣͫһ
֮ǰĸɫӰʱ򣬾ȫһܽɫӰ˳߰׵ӣȫһȴֻܽɫӰ˳׵ӡҪǰһɫӰҪȻĸɫӰӼѡ
ɫӰٶ֣žƽ
̴֮߶֮
Ҫû֮ԾڵʵɫӰɱѡڣҲˣΪв۷徳߶֮Сӵ۷ս֮ѧЩɫӰ˵ļѣ˵Щû֮ѧˡ
ȷʵҲֻ۷ߣӽ龳۷ߣпͨ
ʮ궼û߶ý
飡
䣡
ꡭ
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ɫӰϢһɱ׶ˡϾԻԱ۷սɫӰϢÿһιҲͿĥɫӰ̺
ֹȥյʱ䣬ɫӰȫɢ
ɫӰɱ˰ʱʱ䣬Žȫ
ʱ䣬ԽѾʱˡвһʱʱ䣬ͻᱻͳ󡣶Ҳʧܸա
аʱʱ䣡
ӦãٻһɫӰɣԽ̷ŹԪĵͷ
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ȻɫӰ֮ʱҲͲൽˣᱻͳ

ʧܣֺηԹһЦµĲͻȻӿ졣֮еԪ֮ͨеȻֱ˿׵ӡ
Ȼתһ񹦣Щ
ʧˣҲкܴջ˲ԼΪʥ⽣õĥʥ⽣ܲǿ֮ںϵն½϶ȣҲǲϵߡ
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ôԼҲֵĳԾû뵽Լ¿ʼͻƾ硣
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Ĵǣȵ˽һѧԺȥͻƽ
ڣûܵκĲٿأȻȻĿʼɱ䡣
ѵΪԵʣ˫ü
ƺҲֻһֽ͡
֮УһЩڵ֮УһЩ֮Уյࡣ
ۣæ񣬾۾תһ񹦡


279 ѹ
ͻƵڣô򵥵ġ
ףǾͳͻˣھΪһ޷ͻƵߣҲ
Ҳȷʵû뵽֮ڣĽɱ䡣
ԣʱҲûеڶѡֻȫԸھ̡
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ڵԪӿ籩֮еĺˡ
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ɱ䣬ҪĺԪģκһߣͻ֮ʱȫ׼㹻Դߡ
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䣡ӿȵԪӼƷʯڱ뵽ڡ
˵Իúúøл¼͵һöƷʯҪһöƷʯǾϣûõļƷʯʱûмƷʯĻɾʹˣܻܿͻƹһȻ˵ԪҲǲԪĺöǹԪ̺ȷʵǱȼƷʯϲܶࡣ
꾧΢΢һ
ڴڣͻƵڵʱ򣬾ʹùһö߼꾧ö꾧ǴӰ˼ϵõ
ʱͻƣ˲ֻ꾧Ǵ󲿷һھڣûмա
һö߼꾧̺ǷǳǳֲģԣʱԴڽڣԼҲ֮һĸ߼꾧ʣµھڡ
ھٴͻƣٴɱ䣬ҲҪʣĻ꾧
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Ȼ˵ͻƣµԴǶھ˵ֻҪͻƾ磬ٶԴ⡣ǵʦ׬ȡԴһ߼򵥵öࡣԴûˣȥ׬

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Ժˣʱ󣬶ûбͳô˾Ͷ֮ˡ
ⳤϣʱ䶼쵽ˣ껹ûдг˵굽ܲܶýأ
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żҳܵˣĿҲҳϡЩУвĿⶼζζĴҵĳϣȻϣĽ֮С
Ĵҵӵܣûȥ󣬶ҵ꣬ȴѡȥȻ˵Ҳǵң񣬿ҵĴҵǰͷ϶вôá
ҳϿ˿żҳϣЦһû˵κλ
ⳤϣƺĵӡλǾͿɣ꣬ܲܶýܻܲżҳûеõҳϵĻӦĿоһЦһ˵
ԣмڽζ
ܻžͲˣýٺ١Цһ˵
۷徳ߣлϣǺܴģⳤϣһҪȰȰ꣬ҺѧԺѧԺԺԺ壬ЦŶⳤϵ
꣬ѧԺˣԺʡʡɣɨ˻һۣһ˵
Ժ⻰ɾͲˣڻûѧԺءȽԸǵһѧԺأҲ˵
ܻŴܲܶýѧԺһ߾ȫȥ
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ܴлôѧԺԺԺҲᣬӺڶԾ˷ɱ
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Ϊ㾰ߵʵлĿҲǿӾԽһ𣬾Ծˡ
۷徳ߣ֮УлϣھߣڻĻᣬһɶûС˵ֻǾ˵ڵսľ磬ڣֻܿڶѡ
ʵϣѧԺԺԺΪѾˣľˣҲΪѾˡ

ڣ
䣡ɫϯ嫵ܣһɫӰֱӷ˳ȥ
ǾԣԵĵɫӰɫӰʵҪȵɫӰǿܶࡣǣһǽɫӰն˳ȥʹõֻն½ѧǿĹֶʥ⽣ûá
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һ΢΢һЦնɱ
ɫâٴɨɫӰ֮ɫӰӰȫɢʧڿռ֮ڡ

ǽɫӰọ̈̄˼ʱѡ
죡
ȫѹ
ڵʵǰɫӰǳ˵ɫӰҪ֮⣬ǰĸɫӰֻܶҪһȫ˲ɱЦ
ȷʵѹ
ɫӰֵɢԵĻᶼûУɨǱ׻


280 һӰ
ɣ죡
֮ǰļɫӰԶѾţ֮ղŽڣֱѹȫû
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ৣ
Ǻǣ߸ˣϢȵҪǿٵӣ
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Ŷûɢ󣬾ԿɫӰڣ׺ݵ˻
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ɫӰ߸ɫӰĽ
ڰ˸ɫӰ彣ųɹ
棬ӦûɫӰŰɣڻڰ˸ɫӰ֮΢פ㣬ĿǰͬʱҲ̷һŹԪָĵԪ
ȻԾԵʵѹɫӰԪȴһǰ㡣Ȼ˵ûʩչǿʥ⽣߶ն½ҲǷǳµġ
ԵԪ̶ȷʵˣϾŸոͻƵھ磬ûʱüȹ̾硣
ʵϣڵԪǲȶʩչ߶ʱ򣬾ԻҪĿԪﲻԲĳ̶ȡԣɱɫӰʱҪԪ͸࣡
ǰȥ
ھŸɫӰ֣
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飡ھŸɫӰѾǴﵽǳ˵ĳ̶ȡһ۷徳ߣ¶ᱻһնɱ
һνֺ󣬾ԾʹжϳھŸɫӰʵھŸɫӰʵҪȵڰ˸ɫӰ߳һ롣ھŸɫӰ⣬ҲҪ۷徳ߵս
ȥԻӳĽ⣬ֱӽɫӰƷɳȥ
ɫӰڿһתڷɳʮ֮󣬱ٶԡ
ٶȻ죡
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ʥ⽣Ŀһǳһ£ʥ⽣ܣŵھŸɫӰɱȥ
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߽߽ԲŽھŸɫӰ
ѲľЩ̺޷ɱߵĻҿֻҪĽܽնɱˡҲЩεҡͷ
ԸɫӰȶԸ࣬׶ԸĵطҲѶԸĵط׵ĵطǺɫӰֶμ򵥣仯̫ࡣѵĵطǣɫӰû˵˵ǽľȻһֱܱĹ
üӿٶˣʱ䲻ˡ˿Ӱǰȥ
ǰΣԵ̫ʱ䣬ͨǰһʱ˽ӽʱʱ䡣ͻƾ磬˷˰ʱҵʱ䡣
ʱٶһЩǾԵǿԸӴӦԣڣûκϢʱ䡣ʱĽʱ䣬ϾҪˡ
ӿ죡
ټӿ죡
ֱӴ߶֮֮ͨзǰУͬʱҲʣµ·̺ʱ䡣
Ȼܰٷְȷͨǰ󡢵ͨͬĿǰֿԺܴ
ۣھԷǰ֮УһͻȻ֣žԵؿڴ̹
ৣ֮߶ԵԱһܿһ
ʱǰһӰ֡
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ǵʮ𣿡ԶֵӰ
ʮӰǺɫǳְ͸谵֮ͨУԷ֡ǿ󣬵ɷֶԷɻһ۷ߣҪ׼ֶԷλãѶȱضܴ
ûеʱ䣬ʥ⽣ֱӴ߷
䣡
ʲô
ͷ΢΢һ
Եʥ⽣ĿǰǿĹֶΣʮӰʥ⽣Ȼֻǽ
꣡Ӱ󣬼ûκεͣ٣ҲԾնһС
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ǰŸɫӰǽǹԣȽӽкɫ䵶ԡǣʮ͸Ӱȴûн˼վԶžԻӳһ
⣬ڿռۣγһˣžϯ
ɫâӶǵײ߽໥ѹƬ̺󣬵ⱻ飬ɫŰ͸Ӱȥ
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͸ӰϳܳɫâĺҲˡں˹У͸ӰҲԾչ
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ʮ͸ӰȴֻǺ˼̺ԲһҪɱһӰҪʱС


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ǣýֻмʮʱ䣬һӰȻһǽһԼǰ档
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Ҫף⼸ʮҲûܶýˡ
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ˣԾҲǷǳкøеġֻһŮûжӡԾԣʵһָĸ顣Ȼ뾰ʶʱ䲻ǺܳϲԵԸ񣬳Ȳſ
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282 ǧһ
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һףԶͷϣˮٴ͸
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ʮף
ʮף
ʮף
ԽԽǾԵɫȴԽԽڡ
ΪѾо󼤷ĴѾ塣Ѿܵ˺

Ҫʧǰ˫Ŀóֻʮ׵ľ룬ʮ׵ľ룬֮ĸ֮£˵գۼӹǣգʱĴסҪͨڴͳȥ
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⣬Ͼ֮ƣʵҲȷͨڣܲáϣûЧҪԲ֪
ԲûлӶ𽣣𽣼⣬Լ壬⡣Χ֮ƣγһƬεıݣеĴԿ
ۣ⣬봫Ӵ߼ѹһ졣
ԣȴһЯƴĹԣˣһ㣬ݺݵųײ˳ȥ
ݣ
ǰ΢΢һ䣬ܵĹ߱

ˣˣɹˣҳɹˣԺݺݵĺһĿо
⣬ˣȻҲɲǼͱ飬ȴΪȡһɲǵʱ䣬ɹĴڷԾ˳
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283 
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Զý֮ǰԾµķɱһЦˡ
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ڽ֮ǰҲΪԼлýԼʵǷǳŵġǽЩɫӰ֪ɫӰһһǿ֪ĿǰʵܴɹýʱУʱҲУʮʱҲһС
漸ɫӰѾȫʱɱˡǿȥĻֻᱻɫӰɱ
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Ľܹܣϵ׷ʲôȷʵҪŪȷʵû޶ʱڴһӹɡһλҵĳϳˡ
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Ȼô˵ĽҲ֪жͣʱǲܵ顣˵ߣǵ龳ߣõ
ǣȷʵƽԿԶͣȴܶͣġ
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˵Ľ뾰Թϵ׽Ľ뾰ԲʶûκϵĽҲþԶý
չ򣬾ȷʵ˽

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ĽܹܣԶĽ칪ϴ΢Ц
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ŭͬʱĿ⣬˿ȻҲǵõ⡣ȻһѧԺԺִ£ȻǲĽǰ˱֡
Īǣˣ
˵Ҳǣ˵ھΪӦòǺ˵İɣֳϣ˵
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ţˣֻǲ֪õʲô

ܵˣ˽ĿⶼŻɿžԡ
ӱ˵ڳˣܶ뿴Դ󣬶ýԣǸԸŲĻ
ףŭӿЦЦŲ
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ڣȴһֱǺңֳϡڮңҡҾ㣬㵽ʲô˵Ȼߣһȣ
㡭΢΢һ
ʲô㣿ΪʲôΪ׾װôˣôŽȴʧܣôͲףһЦ


284 
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ȴΪԼĵűնɱ˼Ǻ޾ԣһֱҪСоˡ
ܵˣٶüѧԺԺִ£۷徳ߣ˵ҲСˡǵĴ壬עˣǴĹҲ˵
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ʱɫЩס
ȻҲԣΪڶٳǷ飬Ȼ˵ľ˶Ҳ֪ģһѧԺԺִīϣֻԼѿ

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ϼһĲԼý
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ĽܹܣҲֻǺĻɣ󡢵չֻ󷨡󷨣ǾͿ϶ƽİ취ΪԿܾƽİ취ְ취ƽ󣬴ӶͨýĽ칪˹ͬʱ˵
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ΪνѧԺĸ߲ҲΪɾشˣˣֱӱְ
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ǣҲãԺĻҲûеġǲ֤ʵ˼ùֶΡһ޷ϣǾȷʵڣ˳ʱʱ䡣⣬ȻҲǹۿһѧԺˣǰ飡壬٩٩̸
ŻĻЦ
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ĻȻƽ͡У̲صвȴһ
˵ţͨý
ԣ㻹ᣬҪ󰡣ˣͨھ˵Ȼżҳϣ˸žԣĿ



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ΪѧԺԺִ£ȴһ١ٶڮңǲǾãҳײʲ
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ΪһѧԺԺѧԱȻǷǳбҪġԺѧԱڱڶһΪԴӦÿԶһ꾧ԴҪôʱڣӽ龳Ϊл꾧ϣǺܴġ
ԺĿ漴Ȼ
ܶýߣʵѾҪ˵ˡʵȫʸ񣬲μӿ˽ΪԺѧԱġ
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ҲȥˡȻǸ᳤϶ڮĸ᳤


292 ԰
ϢǼǣõ˸ߵѧԱƣ֮󣬾ҵ
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ʦ㣬ô˵ˣԸо̬֮ǰһЩ仯Щнӡ
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ʦ㣬ǻǺ֮ǰһҲҪǸߵѧԱЦЦ˵ǸߵѧԱڲ֮ǰҾԺѧԱⶼûϵʦ㣬ҵѣ֮䣬ݲӦ˹ϵ谭
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أҲѧԺǳҪԴǺܶѧԺߣĵط֮һ
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ģǮ˵ˡղ˵ˣҿһɱҲġԵʲôˣҲ̫ں
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սǵһѧԺԺһս񵥣һʮ֣ʮˡʮˣǹϵĵһѧԺԺʮ֡
ڵһѧԺԺڣиصĲϲ¶ĸ֣˾Բࡣԣսϵʮ֣ϾͿ˵ǣԺʵǿʮˡʮˣҲǷǳϣԺѧԱġһսϵԱԺֲŻᱻս޳Ȼµѡ
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ȻҪˣޣǲҪĻ֣ǿѧԱϴˡ˷۾ǰɽǵ͵ء棬еأǸߵء
͵أÿҪһٵ֡еأÿҪٵ֣ߵأÿҪһǧ֡Ҫ򿪵͵أڣҪһٵֲС֣ᱻһԿ۳
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ţˡԵ˵ͷ
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ȥ濴Եͷ󣬽˵һ䡣
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һѧԺĸߵѧԱҲǺܶࡣңߵأһҪһǧ֣ǸߵѧԱҲԳ̫ʱ䡣һ㣬ҲҪ̵ܲʱ䣬Żߵһ߼ʱ䡣
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ʦ㣬ߵЧתĿʵ
⡭ɫ΢΢һ죬ԣҲֻ֪еѧԱߵذеأҲֻһΣһ㣬Ҷֻڵ͵ġеصЧͺܾˣЧʼߡǸߵأЧ϶͸ˡھ磬ڵ۷廹һЩࡣ
ʦ㣬벻ߵأ΢Цʡ


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ͨԺѧԱ˵ѧԺԼҪԴһ֣ǻûҪ;
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һѧԺսڰ˵ǿߡң̷ĶԱ
ʦ֣ҪʵҲûʲô˵飬ҳ˭Σң£ҲÿѧԺд˽һѧԺʱУʲôӵġңҴҲ֪ҴǺܸмġǮЦе˵
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Сʲôϵڸߵ֮ǰȻǫˡҪ罫ߵøΣһòߣʱ·žԺ˵
ҲһеѧԱƺҲʶ
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297 
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սڰ˵ǿߣ۷徳ΪĻڽΪԺѧԱĿԳųɡǵһѧԺԺ֮жѧԱ
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СӹǮԺ
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ΪþԷǳοֱӽأҲŭ֣¾Ҫˡ
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⻰ɫЩףý΢΢
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ɱӿ
ԲѣҵҪôɱңǮЦ
ǾԣžԣǮ˵ǵһѧԺˣ
ǾԣԣȷʵˣűһѧԺԻӦ˵
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밲һЩߣһԵĿ⣬Ҳ¶Ȼ֮ɫղţǶ˵һЩĻ
ԣǸɴһɣǮʵǮǸȻ⳥һʧ¾ˡ˿ûǮĽǼ˵
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ΪԼġʲôǱǾŪ԰
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ǮӦϧλĻᡣϧڿȻ֪˵ˣٳǰһɱĿоһһɱͷų
ܵߣĿⶼһ
⾰ԣʲô˼
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ԵʲôˣȻôĵ
֮ǰԵĻȻҲ֪ʲôǰȻǿӲ˵ⷬ
ˣЩžԡ˾ãǲǷˣ


298 ɱǮ
ܵ߿֮ǰѾǸ˾̨ס
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ĻƺɱǮ
һ˵㻰ˣ˵ټǮɱǾͻɱЦЦ˵һ䡣
ৣ˸ųɫε𽣣Ȼó⵴ڿռγһƬɫĲơ
Ǯ˵䣬Ӱ˸һ˲ϢնǮϯȥ
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ס֣æԼһɫĳ
ȵͬʱĺɫӰųɫֹȥ
ҲûԤϵԻͻȻɱǮ֮ǰȷʵҲû뾰Խֵ˼ֻҪܵǸϴ⳥ԴҲͽҹȥˡǣ뷨Ȼ뾰Ե뷨ȥԶ
䣡
Ӱײһ졣
׺ײ֮УӰ΢΢һ𣬾ǲܿƵˡ
𾪵Ŀ⿴žԡ
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ѾǮˣԼܹҡЦЦΪǮҲǿԣҾվԶ֡
Գ𽣣
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ɵҲóԵʵӦ֮ϡսڰλôԵȡĵڰλá
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ԣô죿ʦ̷ˣڿ϶ȥ̷̷˼㡣һĵǡ
һѧԺڣǽֹѧԱ֮໥ɱġҪɱҲԣѧԺս֮ڣսרѧԱ֮佻дĵطѧԱ֮ԹҲԵսȥսɱɱ˶ԷǱġ
ϼɽȣɱǮȻΥ˵һѧԺĹ涨
ȥ̷˼þԣҲ˳
ʦ㣬ͲҪΪҵˣˮڡЦŰڰ֣ҪǲϽߵأǻֿɶ˷˰
~Ǹߵأڿ״̬һʱȥ˷˲Ļְ
ʦ㣬ϽȥɣһҪҪ뿪һѧԺ˿˵
ţ뿪һѧԺһҲãˣ뿪ǡΪҪ·
ĻЦЦҲûٽ͡뿪һѧԺɲҪ·ҪȥʦЭС



299 ̷
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ԺѧԱûʸϵһɽģսϵǿߣҲ⡣
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Ǯ򣬵һѧԺԺѧԱ
ڵһѧԺڣ֪ǮǮˣȴࡣԺѧԱǼû֪ǮһԺѧԱĸ硣
ȻҲΪǮǳǮйϵΪǮ϶ͰǮԼ¸ȥˡ
ţǮĿӹԶʬ壬ͫһɫ˲
˭Ǯ·Ǵӱɽ֮ðģļµĺ⡣
ʵǮ򲢲̫ϲǮܵܣǮͬĸĵܵܡңǮȻ츳ǮǮһһӶδ̤龳
ҲΪһ㣬Ų֪ǮǮĵܵܡ
ǮѪԵϵܲǮ˭Ҳ޷ı䣬Ǯܵܵʵ
ԣͷҿǮ
ǮҪչ˺ǮǮȴˣǰ֪Ǯ᲻ὫǮϡ
ԣǮüͷ֣ûκӡ
˵ǮߣɱǮˣԲ֮Ŷԡ
һˣռһѧԺӦ
ûУǮɫ
ûУҲ֡ɱǮʱǰҾˣֹͳ
֪ǮԲǺ¡ʱôڳˣҲס˵ʵ
Ǯ۾һ
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һˣɱǮߵѧԱѾˡȴ˵޷ֹɱǮ
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˻֪ǮĺȴһǮڵɱһ㲻⡣
˵ΪԼĻֻǮӷŭ
ȥ̷һʱ䣬Ǯٴοڡ
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ȻԺѧԱ̷ҲǱȽϿɵġ磬ԺѧԱɱԺѧԺ㲻սڣ̷һҲ׷ɱԺѧԺ֮˵ž޴ıȵȡ
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̷ĵҲǵһѧԺĳݣǷǳҪĳϡ
ң̷һֱһ˵ΣǶλִơ
Ǯ򣿺ǺǣôʱңףЦŶǮˣҪϲɹ龳
Ǯ֮ǰ龳ġ˵ǰ;
Ҫ֪ԺѧԱҲȫǵ龳۷徳ߣͨ˽ΪԺѧԱЩԺѧԱȻ˵кܴϣ龳ܴϣǾԡ
ÿһ龳ѧԱõһѧԺӡԽᣬԽǻᱻע
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ȻҲ֪֣
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ýԣͨ󿼺ˣǮ΢΢һ㶡
ȻҲס
֮ǰ֪Ƕýߡ
ӦˣһˣʵȴҲֻдˡ׵˵ͷ


300 ʦ
ɫ
Ǯˣüͷ
󡢶ͬСɣҪɵĽý£Ⲣװ쵽գܻܿѧԺĸ߲㶼֡
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Ҳ֪˵ʵ
ǣ϶ǲġǣ滹ǣ⣬ǮǮĵܵܣĵܱܵɱˣȴֻ⴫ȥĻǮ޴档
ԣΣܾôˣҪ
˵Ȼýվǵ龳ߡǮ򲻽ǵ龳ߣҲʮңͬǰ;Զ
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Ǿһðɡ׵
׼ɵģǾԡѧԱ̷Ĩɱ

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ʦһԳƾԵˣ˵ʶʦЭһǰ˵
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ԭǴֱӼĸ᳤ʦЭĻûʸֱӼ᳤Ծֻ
֣ͫ׾Ȼһ
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ţ֪ˣֱӽһ¥ĴȺ򡣡ͷ˵
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صʦЭ֮⣬Դ˽һ¥һһҪڹ
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žԽʱ򣬴ھۼ˲ˣԼһʮ˵ӡ
ȴѻȸǳİ
ҩԿ˿мλá
ʦЭڣȷʵҲһЩҩʦЩҩʦԶȽᣬҩнϸ츳ϣΪʦ
ʦЭĻҲȫĵʦڲҲԼʦⵤʦҪҩʦʼ
ңҩʦļֵȻԶԶ޷뵤ʦȣȴҲǷǳ֮ߵġģʵҩһЩƷʵҩҲǺܴġ
ʱ֮УȻһΪҩʦǵʦҩǹƣҩʦҩ顣
ҩҪ԰ķΧΪһܵҩʧܡ
ƷʵҩҲôƳġ
ԼҩȻҲţֻҲվȴš
Լֹһյʱ䡣
ҩҩʦǵʦһ΢΢ĵ˵ͷ
ҩˣңһҩȻΪĳɹ
ղƵҩ̣Ƕ𣿡˽ҩװһƿתĿܵڶҩʦ۾ʵ
Ƶʦҩϵĳɾͣ̾Ϊֹ
ǰۿƵʦҩǻࡣ
ȻƵʦҩϵѾǷ켫ˡ
ܵĵʦһƬ̾ά
ƵˣҲЦݣȻǷǳ⡣ҩϣȷʵҲǷǳ԰


301 
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ϣʦЭڵĶʦ֮ܶ࣬ϡҩϣȷʵŶ֮Ǻܶʦ
ҲƣڵʦЭڵĵλȽ⣬ҩʦ֮УǷǳߵġ
ţ΢΢ͷܵһƬάʱĿ⣬ȴǶȻһ
˾ԣ
ʶԣûԡ
ʦЭڣʦҩʦܶࡣҶһط̧ͷͷģԼ㲻ϤҲ棬ٻӡ
Ȼûԣİĺܡ
˭ƶžԣɫҲȫ
ҩʦҲһ䣬žԡ
С˭
֪û
ҲûǴðģҩʦ˽ɫƶžԡ
ƽʱǼİˣȻҲ̫⡣ɽڣȴͬѰΪڹҩһİ˳ʲô⣿
üͷҲһ壬תת΢Ц˵ǽʦȺġ
뵽ˣǱˡ
㲻ǵʦЭڲˣԵĽͣû⣬ɫ෴ĸ
ȷʵǣ֮ҾˡԼƽ͵˵
Сӣ͵ѧҩ𣿡Ȼһ
ûУǽʦȺ򿼺˵ģλ԰֤üƵʦƺܲ˵
ȷʵǽʦԸҴȺġҲŽһ䡣
СӣҲ뽹ʦʲôϵ죬һͣȰ㻹ʵʵȻǽʦҲס㡣Ƶͳ
ǣ̫ˡᣬҲʲôϢ
ߣҪҩҲӦһһ̤ʵزŶԡҪֱɵֶγΪˮƽҩʦΡ
ˣǵʦЭᣬͲӦöпˣ
ܵҩʦҲ׷׿ڳԡ
ȻҲΪ͵ѧƵʦҩġЩҩʦȷʵǳŭĦѧϰҩǿǵʦЭڲҩʦȨһˣȴǵȨǵȻǷǳĲ
ԵɫҲòÿ
ƵʦǰɣҲۣһȽʦˣȻ֪ˡԵҲࡣ
Եҩˮƽߣĸ᳤ޱȵľ̾ƵĵͼҩЧﵽһмҩǻҪһЩԣ͵ѧҩ
ǿЦ
ֻǣҲЩ˵̫ϻ
ǺǡСӣ㻹Ϊ뽹ʦйϵҾͲκ㣿Ҿ㣬ûпҩƺȵ
ˣҩˮƽȷʵ㲻Եͷ
ҩҲʵҲ֪ƵǺҩһֶҩ
⻰ʱЦҵҩˮƽȷʵ㲻
ôĿ
Ҳ㳤ʶˣƵҩ㿴㲻СӣﵽһЩʲôѵ˵ҩϣһߣǿЦƿŵı顣
ˣҲЦ
˵Լǵȴ˼뵤ʦЭᣬǴˣ̫һ㡣ǣԾԵͣǿ˼뵤ʦЭᣬҲٷְپһҩʦһȽǮ;ҩʦˡ
ڣȴ˵Ƶҩˮƽǲ
⣬ȷʵǷǳĿЦǵʦЭĸ߲˵Ļƻܳ⻰ȴһʮҩʦ˵ģޱȴ̶ˡ
СӣҸˣƣҲСǼˣղʵʵϣϸǸҲͽҹȥˡǣûϧᣬ衣ҵҪʦ˵ʲôƷŭĺȵָ֣žԳ
ߣ㽹ʦ㣬ҽҲҪӦеĳͷ˿·ѹŭ׷Źԡ
뵤ʦЭ᣿ȥɣҲ޷뵤ʦЭᣬһԶȥ͵ѧҩ㣬סһģصĵ
ƣ㲻Ҫ̫ΪˣҩҲǲˣһҪ͵ѧҩҲŭˡ
ѾνԼû͵ѧˡƣȴȥ϶Լ͵ѧˡڣǳвԼ
ԣɲµˡ
ңǶʦһһʦһʦǰвûߣѾǺܿˡ
ƣĵľʲôҩˮƽϣ


302 ޵
ô£
ʱ򣬽˽
֮ҺһƬɫЩѿΪҪͨʦ˼뵤ʦЭԵʣĸ᳤᳤һЩʦЭĹ£
ʱȴгһ㡣
ʦãܿͽĿ⿴ŭ˵ˣǲģʲô͵ѧҩȻϣҽ衣Ҳܽʦʲôϵϣ㲻Ҫƫ̻
ƣȷʵЩ˼ɾ뽹Ĺϵ
ҪȻѾ˽ץˡ
ʲôһ㶡
ƵĻˣ¶ȻɫֻΪһûܽƵĻ
͵ѧҩ
ʲôЦ
ʦʲô˼ѵҪƫ̻ˣƼıŹ֣ʶΪ̻ԡ
Ƶʦᣬ뾰ҲֻǼһѡҪ˵͵ѧҩˡ˾һۣͫ
᣿ô᣿
ôôҩʦˣǶ֤ƵԲ۾
Ƶʦһḱ᳤˾ҪˣЩҩʦǸϽ뿪ɡˣȷʵ͵ѧҩҪͨʦ˵ġҩʦǵʦǶʦʦ⼸֣ҧøء
ƣɫһӱòҰס
ʲôʲô
ôʲôʦ
ƿ˿ԣ޷ţҲžԻǶʦҲ̫˰ɣ
ƣҲһʦʦʲôʱôˣ
ϵĺһ˳
ȻԸţǸʦƭңʦ˵ǾҪμӵĵʦˣҩʦˡ
Ҳ˵ղţһʦһʦ͵ѧҩ
ܵҩʦһҲȫ˵ˡ
Ƕʦͨ˵ʦ˼뵤ʦЭᣬЩҩʦ
뵽ղǶԾԵ̬ȣǲЩ
ǸϽȥɣ᳤Ͼ͹ˡߴ˵
ƣ޷˵һѪɫֻâڱ֪ԼôӴڳġ
˰̫ˡǺܵľԼ뵤ʦЭ󣬻ʲôһʦ͵ѧҩ޵ݡ
˿ɣ£ҪһʱܴʦЭᡣһʮҩʦĿ̣ܶס˵졣ϢȥƾͽΪЦԺûˣ
ĺܱǸƵʦ֪ݡ˿ԡ
ھǰЩš
£԰˰֡
Ƭ̺ĸ᳤˽
ԣ
ĵʦ΢Цк
˵ʵ֪μӵʦˣȷʵɳһȻȽžԵƷҲ³⣬һԲμӵʦˣضڵʦЭһηǳصĴ
ھˣͷˡԼȻԸǾ˵Աضĵʦͨʦаա
᳤Ҳ뵽ڡ
ɫѿǳࡣʵϣμӵʦЭĿˣҲֹμӿˡ
һǰҪμӵʦЭĿˣǳŻ̬ȵġŶʮ겻ľԣһʦȻԵóһͶҩҲ֤ǵʦ
ǣ֮ǰ˵һ¡
μѧԺ˵һоԵߣͨý뷨Ϳʼתˡ
ܶýߣʲô£ǲأԣ츳ߵĸ߶ȣôǵʦƺҲܴ
ǵʦͨˣ뵤ʦЭᣬǶ˵ʱڵҲ̫ʧΪһǰĳͻڵʦЭڵѾ
뵤ʦЭᣬԭԵʦЭźôģǾվһߵģǳԸ⿴ĵ׳󡣶ңȻᣬɶýߣӰɲСﰡ
̽һЩʦҲ뵽֮ڡЩʦҲֳɣȻֱĺˡ
֮⣬ƽⲽ
λ᳤˴Ѿȷ˵ľ滰ǣǲġ
ƵʦһӣʱӴ߳
桭ƿ˿Է
ԣͷܲСǰѧԺϣһ߶ýԣӣѹ˵
ʲôŴӶҪӡ


303 һ
ȷʵޱȵ𾪣ѧԺͨýʲô
˵ֻΪӽ龳ߣпͨýôҲ˵ԣΪȥ龳ҲǲԶˡ
ղȴһ͵ѧҩ
һ룬ƶú¡ǵʱԱŭֱӶֵĻƣ޷סġ
ؼĻǣԵ̫̫ͣˡʮ꣬ȴܶýȾţ붼𶯡
ƵļĿһۣתֽ
ƣվ棬פ˺һᣬʧǵȥ
֮С
ԣ˵ǶʦǾһֶҩɣɹ뵤ʦЭᡣʧܣߣɱҷʢ˵ĵ
ʦˣܼ򵥡
ڵʦЭڣ̾ˡʦƼҩɹʧܣһĿȻ
Ϊ᳤ڿеȻҲΪѾԣָĳѶȼĶҩþƣû壬Ϊ᳤ĲӿѶȡ
ƳɹԼ뵤ʦЭᡣɾʧˣضᵱʱ뱣ԣѡ
ԣʼɣţƽʱƣھơ΢ЦԾ˵Ҫκѹ
ҾͿʼˣ΢Ц˵ͷ˵
ڣһӵĵ¯
ǵʦĵطȻǻ׼õ¯ģҵ¯ƷʣҲǼõġ﹫ĵʦǿģԵʦЭĵ¯Щͨ¯
ԴԼָֽڣóһЩݣͿʼơ
ԣǶʦ𣿡
ŰʧܵĻ᳤ˣ²Źĸ᳤ѱסĸ᳤ԸǸ
ſɣǼ٣һ֪ˣ
ţ
ڵʦܿȫƽϢڣޱȵİ
ʦʱ򣬶ԻҪ󶼱ȽϸߣܵӰ졣Ƿǳϸ΢Ӱ죬ܵһ¯ҩʧܡ
ʱˣǵʦǵȻҲһ㡣
Զܿ죬һݷ뵤¯֮ڣͬʱ߶Ԫ뵤¯
ƵǻشһĵҩֵҩޱȵϤ˵ÿһ趼ˣԼܵһӰ죬ȫƳɹ
ʱ䣬š
ܿģһʱ䡣
ϷΪ롢ͺȹĸ׶ΡУѶľһȹ̡
һʱȥ󣬾ԵĻشҲ뵽һȹ̡
ĵʦǳǿģλ᳤ʣµҲ඼ǹ¼ĵʦҲ˵֮УҲʦΡ
ԣǼܿƵĻشһ衣
ԵĻشʼȹ̺ɫҲǱࡣΪѾԾǻʵĶʦǰ裬ԶûκεĲٶȣҲǷǳľˣһЩʦļʦضá
ðĶʦԲ̶ֳȡ
ԵĶû㹻Ļۺ;飬ġҶˣٺãҲùǡ
ԣȻھƵĵҩûп¯ȡҲѾ֪һοˣǳɹˣԺԱǵʦЭĳԱʦݡ
һɵʦȻҲء
һɵĵʦϲãϣƳҩɹ뵤ʦЭᡣ
ƵĵҩѾʼȹ̣ƳɹѾˣҲ֮һյʱ䣬ͿԿ¯ȡ

û뵽ԣǶʦءǰһΪڴ꣬ڿ˾ԣһҵõǸֻǣԵĶδҲ̫ˣô᲻ʧأ
ʱһͻأ
ܴڼžĴ֮УԵըһ㡣
˵ˣȻ뾰йͻļʦ׺
ֻ׺ͷĿⶢžԣһı顣
ĵˣ˲Ϣ䣬㶼¶ŭ񣬿׺
Ҫ֪ʱƵҩ׺ȴͻȻ˴˵ԻԾԲ޴Ӱ졣ңʱǴȹ̵ҩҪĽ׶Ρ
׺˵ĻҪԵǸ
ɾɵҲ׺ǹڵңԼɹϣԳɹԳԵҡҪǸȫԵȿ¯֮ٽⷬ˵
ĵˣޱȵķŭΪڼģòӲʱֱӳ׺
쵰̫ˣƷ֮˲ݡ


304 ʧܻǳɹ
ĵȵʦķŭĿ⣬׺ȫûͲĵ˳ңþƵҩʧܡ
Ҫ
޳֮
ѽ
ǸǸҲ鲻ԽǾƵҩҪ԰ĻˣðɣҲ˵ˣ׺ûб죬˵
֮ǰҪ̧֡
ʱ򣬾һɵһЩʦʼü
վһߵģҲ֪þͨˡˣһЩڵģֱӵֶþʧܣҲ̫ˡ
ԣһЩʦü׺
ޱ飬ƺĬ˸׺Ϊ
׺ĻȻҲ֪׺⡣쵰ȷʵ̫ҪһЩ
ķӰ쾰ƻشǸ׺ȻҪʧˡ
Ц
꣡ԵĶ΢΢һЩҡ
ԵĶĵȵʦɫһ䡣
֪ڽȹ̵ҩʱ׺ضԾӰ졣ھԵĶҲˣȷʵܵһӰ졣
һ¯ҩҪʧˡ
Ƶҩһȹ̣ǲֲܳһ˿ƫҩƾͻֱʧܡ
׺ԵĶһ֡
˿⡣
Ҳ˸׺һۣ΢΢ĵ˵ͷ
ֹƬ̣ȫֹͣ˶ҩƣ׽ˣ
׺ʲôģŭʵ
ղһֱţھƵҩˣŭĿŸ׺
ĸ᳤ǣ׺һ޹Ŀġ
׺Ҫװ⣡ƵҩʱΪҪţϢᡣ
ĵƢһֱǱȽº͵ģڵʦЭڣڶ൤ʦ֪Ǻмʱ򡣿ڣȻҲѹƲסԼŭˡ
ţ׺ɴ۾ĸ᳤ʲôʱžˣղţȷʵ˵ˣҲΪ̫̾˰Եٶȣ˳Ծļʦƶҩ¶ûô졣
ĸ᳤ҿɲǹġ׺ȻԼǹӰ쾰Եġ
޹ȴ˷ޱȡ
ǺǡЦһ
׺֮䣬ȷʵìܡ㿴Ҳ˳ۣҿҲ˳ۡ˵ʱңҪʧܡΪҲ̫һɣ治뵤ʦЭᣡ۾׺
ԣ㲻ҪѪ˰ղţһǸء̬ȣôǸ׺ŲӣǾһ
׺ƤѾһ̶˰Ժ˽֣¶ڲ֮ˡԼ˵
ˣ˵ˣԣ¯鿴ҩɣ̧֣˵һ䡣
һ¯㣡ĵ˵Կ˵ʱ򣬱׺Ӱˣһ¯ҩǿ˵ҩԣϢһᣬ¿ʼơ
Ŀԡ
ĸ᳤Щװɣʱ䱦ܲһֱ˷ھϰɣȻԸþƵҩ
᳤˲˵׺ھƵҩʱӰ죬ԾԵĿȻƽΪʦЭḱ᳤ҪҪ֤һЩİɣ˵
ҳϣ˵ʵǣȷʵûôʱһ¯ҩĻҿԵĿ˾˰ɣҲԼߵ൤ʦı飬Ҳ֪Ǹ׺̫ˣв
ԣûмþһ·ҩΪ˵ı׼ҲԸþٵõһλᡣȻ˵㣬ǿ˾͵ΪֹҪ뵤ʦЭᣬʱǲ̫ˡ
ĵʦ
º󣬾Կˡ
ˣĿⶼԡ
һ¯ҩҵĿ˵ҩɡԣ˵һ䡣
ţ
⾰ԡ
ôģһΪ׺˵Ӱ죬Ķȫˣⵤҩ϶ʧ˰
еĵʦȻĿԡ
ģüɻĿžԣ֪ôġ
ԣȷȴĿһĿо˸һ£һ¯ҩʧ˵ĻɾʹˣҿΪϷŪң
ǺǣϻͲҪ˵ˣƨúءҼȻ˵һ¯ҩǿˣȻᷴڡЦһ
㡭ϢһŭĿžԡ
ã㿪¯ɣһŭѹ˵
ԣˣĶԾԵ
ĵʦҪġǺǣһһԷͼ䣬Ӱ첻ЦЦ׺˵


305 ޴ķ
ԵĻ͸һš
ղžȹ̵ҩʱ򣬴ҶĿõҩⰡ
ģԴҲЩġ
һһ¯ҩʧܣضݣųɵĿԶҪɱԡҪԣֻЭЭĴۣʧȥ᳤ʸͺѱסԡ
ϷŪʦЭḱ᳤Ǽصġ
ɣĲûг̫ʱ䣬ֻʱ䣬˾ϡ
¯鵤
ʧܣǾͷ᳤ְ񣬱סԵ
ҲͬˣϣҲ̲סϲɫһǧѷĻᡣǳɹܽ˽޳ȥһ᳤뿪ǰôǵʦЭĻ᳤
̿¯
Ԫӿһ֣ŵҩ㱻ӵ¯ȡ˳˵ע֮¡
شһִɫĵҩ
⼸ŵҩձȡܵĿռڣӿһƬȻϢ
ҩشһּΪǿЧ˵ҩˣǼΪصˣֻҪлشǶȬ
ڶǣѩ͸˵ĵҩǶҩشһżֵʯ
ôܣ
Խҩȡ˶סˡ
һ¯ҩţ
û֮ࡣ
Ҫ֪ļʦļҩƶҩһ¯ҩһҲͳɵĿŶѡҪɵţǸǷǳǳ͵ġ
˵һ¯ҩǿԳɵſŵġ
ɾſŵҩֻϡ֮УǲֳܳɵſŵɵſţҲ˵Ҫڳ롢ĹУһ˿һҩЧ˷ѡ
ԣһҩЧʧпܳɵſšȻҲһɵſŵĻ
ҪɵſţҪ͵ʱȫҩЧҩЧ䵽ÿһŵҩ֮Уȹ̵ʱǿ꣬ſŵҩȫȹ
˵ɵſţǾһ˵
һ¯ɵţͷǳˡ
ġĵʦһҩѳɵš
ԣ˲ŻԾ
ҵҩȡûɢļҲ˵һ¯ҩƳɹˡ
׺žеŵҩһģҲƶ˵䵽˹ȵס
Ϊþʧܣھʱ򣬹˵ԾӰ졣Ҳôñ˿ᣬñ˸̣ñ˾ĵ̫ϧһУֻʧܡ
ֻҪʧܣǹԺһˮǴߣڵʦЭø档
ڿԲûʧܣ෴Ļǳɹ˵ĽҩƳˡô֮ǰΪ͵Ǻ壬ֻûԼ
᳤ͬɫࡣѾ׼ãȾȡĵҩɢ󣬵ҪɱԵģǴʱֻܽõļƻӲĶɱ
׺ʧΪͽмʧܣɣתĿĸ׺Цʵ
ĵʦƵĻش飡ģеҩ͹ȥ˵
ãģ鿴һ
ŻشԴﵽƷģ˵
֮Уٴαޱȵĳţ󣬱ǼҵĻȻ
ŶƷҩ
찡һ¯ҩɵţҾԶǶƷ
ڶ൤ʦٿԵĿ⣬ѾˣǾ
ڳ֮У¾λ弶ʦ᳤ұ֤Լһ¯ҩƳŶƷĻش
ԣҲ̫˰ɣ
᳤飡۾˵
ʵϣʱģҲޱ𾪵ġ޷Ż顣
ڵϵ츳һ㶼ϵ츳֮¡ľţķڵ֮ϣֱǾ޴˷Ѱ
ˣ˰֡
ˣҩ˽Լ뵤ʦЭᣬû仰תͳ˴

ûƤ֮С
ͬʱҲޱȵķŭڶˣĵڶξˡһǰԾʧһΣӹ֣Լֱǵڴ
׺Ҳ˳ȥ
᳤ˣ׺
˵һЩʲô
ڵʦЭڵ׵ĳˡڴڷ鴫ȥΪʦЭᳰĶ
޴ķعջĳΪҪھʱ򣬳Ӱ죿
֣Ÿ׺ŭ
ʧˣԲָ׺ǾԳɹˣǸ׺ΪһֵûУûκμֵŶΪ׺ˣǾͻ˵л˵׺Ϊġ
׺ɫɷףͷ


306 ̷
ھԽпˣƵҩ֮ʱ׺˵ͼԾԵӰ쵼俼ʧܡ
Ϊ϶ǻᱻݵġ
ڵʦЭڣ˭֪׺᳤ˣ׺Ϊȥ롣
ټϣȻվĸ᳤һģԾԲϣͨˣȻˡ
ھͨ˳ɹļ뵤ʦЭᣬ͵ںݺݵĶһ¬֮İս֮УռϷӡ
ĸ᳤ķ֮ڣʱֻоԺˡ
ԣϲ뵤ʦЭᡣԵء
ղΪǰҲ뾰˵̫࣬ڷֻˣĵ̬Ⱦࡣ
Ѿ˸㰲һԺʹ
˾ԣڼ˵ʦЭᣬΪʦЭһԱǶʦӵʦЭڻƵҩݣҲҪ׵һĽ˵
׵㣿Կġ
ԣ׵㡣ҩʦϽҩԵõ׵㡣ʦϽҩԵõ׵㡣׵㣬Զһݡĵͷ
ˡҲͷ
ʦЭĵʦڲݣҪʯ򣬵ȴҪ׵㡣׵ĻãҪҩߵҩʵʯҲֻǸֱӷһЩ
ھ˵뵤ʦЭȷʵкܴĺô
ڵʦЭڣԻýԴƵҩȻҲܹݣ϶Ƚ鷳Щҵ࣬϶ǲ絤ʦЭȫ
ʱ򣬳ҩΪʦˡ
ڳҩ֮ǰԻҪǿһԼһͶҩˣȻ
ĸǺ󣬾ǿ˿Լĵе¯ⵤ¯Ǭ¯ȣ̫ˡ
󣬾ʦЭĲֿ⣬ϵһЩҩһɹ׵㣬Ĺ׵һ˴ݡԷ֣пԻȡ˵
˵ϽһŶȵĻشԵõǧ㹱׵㡣һ¯شݲϣһҲֻҪǧĹ׵㡣һ¯شĲϣƳŶȵĻش൱һǧ㹱׵㡣
ȷʵ̫һЩ
һ룬ԶЩ
һ˴ݺ󣬾Ա̻صԼĵ뵽Ǭռ֮ڣʹǬ¯Ƶҩ
һͶĵҩϵıƳ
һĵʦһ¯ҩҪʱʱ䣬ȴֻҪһʱ䡣ңԿƵҩһĵʦһ¯ҩ󣬻ҪʱϢָ񣬶Եǿ¯ĵҩƣ

ҪܴĵҩȻЩҩصһѧԺһɻ֣ȻôĻֿԼʵ
ڵٶȣ׬ȡԴٶȣޱȿֲġ

֣
ľϬϵܣôпʦЭ᣿
ڣ˶Է˹֡
һˣʦЭĸ᳤һˣľϬǵʦЭˣǵһѧԺ̷ĸݡ
Ǻǣ㣬ȷʵΪһæľϬЦЦº󣬽˵
ŶľϬϵҪƵҩС
һβҪְæƵҩϣ֣ܽһˡľϬĿһת
ˣ
Ǻ⣿
ľϬϵܣĪҪңҵʦЭˣü
ˣľϬ˵ͷ
ЩװɣľϬϵܣǵʦЭĸ᳤ңȴҪҽʦЭˡȲ㣬ҪʲôҪҽʦЭĵʦʵ𣿾ǿҪҽˣҲó㹻ɰɣ⽫˽㣬˵лġҡͷ
ľϬҲʶˣϵ㲻
ľϬǵһѧԺ̷ĸͬʱҲǵһѧԺĳϼݣҲǺܶࡣľϬҪʦЭĵʦȻǷǳ׵ġңǹؼʱڣʦЭڲܶĵʦѾĿ£ˣɲٸץסʲôѱ
֣㲻Ҫ˵㽻ˣоԣ˵˵ʦЭᣬҲǵһѧԺԺѧԱΪһѧԺѧԱѧԺķ棬̷Ҫ伩СľϬҡҡͷֵͷ˵
ԲǵһѧԺѧԱֻǵʦЭĵʦľϬҪˣ϶ܴ󡣿ɾԲǵʦЭĳԱҲǵһѧԺѧԱľϬɣԡң˵Ľ飬ľϬãҲӦûӡ


307 鷳
ԣ֣ʱһ
ľϬ˵֮ǰûϵľϬҪˣǾԡ
ԭΪǵʦЭһʦɱ˻˵һѧԺҪѧԱľϬΪһѧԺ̷Ҫˣȷʵ׽˽ȥ
⣬ϵʦЭ⡣
ȴû뵽ľϬҪˣǸĻ쵰ԡ
ȷʵҲ뵽֪Զý˵һѧԺǣľţһѧԺӦܵصô̷Ҫˣ
ڼȻľϬ˵ˣȷʵڵһѧԺڣ˴
Ц
֣ҲҵһѧԺѧԱ´̷У֣ܽ佻ҴصһѧԺľϬ֪뾰֮䣬źܴĳԹ
ΪҪķһ࣬˵ͬ⽻ԡ
ľϬϵܣȻǵһѧԺѧԱʲôֹ㽫ȥأģھͽԴȥСЦŶľϬ˵
޲Ūԡ
ȻᣬȻľϬߡ
ľϬĻ΢΢һ㶡
̫ˣ
û뵽ô򵥣ʹӦԡ
˵ȻǺ¡֮ǰ˵ʦЭܾ˵׼
֣лˡľϬҲЦ
ԵĵԴǬռڳ
⼸ʱ䣬ѾԼһδӵʦЭֿڶһݣĵòˡЩݣ˸ֵҩʱٽЩҩһɸˡ

ٶȣҪһ£ܻ㹻Դȥ۷徳ˡһ̤۷徳磬δûһ
ԣ
ھ߳Լĵʱһ£ӭ
һˣ£ҲļʦԾԺȡ
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᳤Ҫ㣡
Ǻǣ˼᳤ҪңҲÿûʱ䣬ȷʵûʱȥùÿˣЦ˵
ĹϵˮȻҪԷӡ
ԣ㲻Ҫ̫ˡߣ㻹֪㽫ʲô³ɣҲ޷һѧԺ̷ԹҪȥУȰ㻹ʵʵΪáЦ˵
ţһ
һѧԺ̷
˲䣬ԵͷתʶºܿԼڵһѧԺϼɽȻɱǮйءʱ˵һЩģɵĻڿǮȷʵԶϿô򵥰
Ǯı
ҪȻֻһߵѧԱɱĻҲ̷ĸʦЭҪ˰ɣ
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Ҫĸ᳤ޱ˵
СӣȣûˣߣǲߣֻǿжˣϢȻƺ̾Ҫֵӡ
ļʦҲһ龳ǿߡȻսӽ龳ǿߣǲĵ龳ȡ涯֣ǾԻ޷ѡ
뼰ˣЦЦ
ŰҸȥǡԵ
Ķ֣϶龳߶֡ûκôȹȥϼһ˵ңѾвٵʦע⵽ˣſ϶һɵĵʦȥ¸ġ
Ƭ̺󣬾Ը£ķ䡣
᳤ˣҽԴˡ¶˵
ţ˰֣ĿھϣĿ
ھԹ֮ǰľϬ˽һиΪһδĻɲСһһѧԺ̷УǲҲѲƤ
ҲľϬһЩʾϣ̷ֱܽӴ㲻ŪԣҲҪԸˡ
ľϬϵܣСӾǾԡָžԣľϬ˵
ľϬ˿ԣ֮ǰûԣμ棬һμԡ


308 Ķס
ľϬԣͬľϬ
ͬʱԻڲ²⣬ǮһʲôĽɫ
øһˣԷͬһ㣡
ԣ㣬ڵһѧԺϼɽ֮ڣûɱԺߵѧԱǮľϬ˶٣㿪ڶԾѯʵ
У鲻ġԵ
ϾͺãҪһصһѧԺ̷ܵ飬߰ɣľϬվҪ̴뿪
ԣúûȥܵ飬ûģҵʦЭỹǻӭġЦ˵
ʵϣͲþԱ̷ֱӴôܻӭԻ
ɨһۣûǶԷתĿľϬ
ǵһѧԺѧԱ٣ҲǵʦЭĳԱʱڵʦЭ֮ڡԵȻľϬȥ֪ȥ󣬵ȴĽʲôĽ
ң׬ȡԴǺܶ࣬ڵһѧԺһ꾧֮ԴǷǳǳġڸľϬȥ֪Ҫãʱضᵢȥھ˵ʱɲġ
ԣɲ㣬ҪǲϣֻӲˡľϬЦЦ
ľԲϣһֶֻ׵Ľץȥ
ľϬʵǷǳǿġ̷ڣһִ£ǵ龳ǿߣ˵ľϬľϬʵԺԺ飬Զ֣ǵһѧԺĳ֮һλݶ֮ϣʵҲͬԶ֮ϡ
㲻ҪֿԡľϬȻЦ˵Ув⡣
ҪߣΨһϰǵʦЭ᲻Ӧ᳤ͬˣȻû谭
Բߣʱһ洫
ţľ˽
ĸ᳤ûɣôҵķ䣬ǲ̫ʧˣģͫ׶ʱһ
˵ͬʱĿҲžԹĹ£ѾԸ£ҪĵĴԹĿľǲ֪ȻѾ֪ˡ֪ô͸Ϲˡ
ǹ¸ܵĿ⣬Դʱ˵͡
᳤ʵҲ£ҪҾԡҪЭһֵҩûءЦЦ˵
ĸ᳤ǵһѧԺѧԱѧԺķ棬Ҫȥܵ飬㲻ҪľϬü˵
ĿǰΪֹľϬ֪ġ֮䵽ʲôϵóϣԻȥУȴϣˡ
²УǵһѧԺѧԱ٣ҲǵʦЭĵʦҷԸ飬û꣬ô뿪ʦЭ᣿뿪Ҳþҵ΢Ц˵
Ȼº̬ͣȺܼ
ĸ᳤㲻ҪľϬ
ģҲ̫ǿӲĵݵλ֮ϣǵҲܹȡģڣĵʦ֮һģԲǵѡ
ľϬϵܣֻܴߡĸ᳤ĹһæġȻһɨġ
ĸ᳤ұߣˣľϬֱ̽ӻӶһԪԵ
ס֣ĿоһϢᣬҲһԪͷųҪľϬ
ĸ᳤ľϬϵǿˣ̬ȣúʧ𣿡ͬӿһԪı˹ȥ
ʵಢǺܴҪԲǶʱ顣ǵʦЭڲλ᳤֣Ǵȥӿɾʹˡ
Ҫôɫ
ҪôҪô˼ҵһѧԺڲ㵤ʦЭḱ᳤ҲʲôţǾΥ˵һѧԺķ棬ľϬϵҲʦЭ˰ɣûõ˼
ԣ߰ɣҪûз̷ȻΪ㡣ֻҪͿԻָɡľϬһԪӲק˳ȥ
ŭԪתľϬǰķԵú˵ֻھΪ۷壬̤龳δܶԿľϬ̷ĸ
ԣ㻹ʵɣԽǷԽǻʹ֮࣡ǰҾͻԶ޷תԪҪǹԹϣұɰȫĵ̷ִľϬĿУһ˿ݵĿ
֮ǣԲϣֱȷϵԵٽԴ̷С
̷ĸ÷ˣȴֱɱˣǷǳģҪ˵Ƿϵ˵Ϊ
ʱһЩܸоľϬɲǼ򵥵вٷľϬĻϵ


309 ᳤
ԾԲϲԴеˣʱھʵǰҲ޼ƿʩ
ĸ᳤϶վһߵģĸ᳤һ֣ϻ쵰Ҳض
ɶ񣡡˼ת
ԣ߰ɣľϬһ̧Ԫתֱק˷䡣
ҪңĶ
ģҪ㲻֣ҿ϶㡣ľϬϵܼþԣҲֻ㣬㲻ڷ´Ц˵
ƥ򣬹˽𡭡Ե
֮Ҳȫ˺ƤˣԼҪصһѧԺ̷ˣҪϻ쵰
˽𣿡
ԣΥһѧԺķ棬һѧԺ̷ἩȥһУԼġҪ֣ҲֻܹԼɫ˰žԱǿдߣҲûΪԵջ
ƥӼסˣһ죬ڽյΪԺ
ľϬǿק뿪
ľϬְͣɣ
ʱһͻȻ
ˣĿⶼһ
һӰ֮ڡ
᳤
᳤ˣľϬϣ־ݡ
λ᳤ĿҲϣȵĿոճֵӰ
ԣҲλ߹ɫ۵ߡ
᳤
תʦЭĻ᳤
ԲδʦЭĻ᳤ֻ֪ʦЭĻ᳤˾ãǵڣϵǿĵʦң˾᳤δãͻ뿪ǰ
˾ãѾкܳһʱ䲻ʵЭˣȻǻ᳤ݣɵʦЭڲ񣬼ĺλ᳤
ҲΪˣ˾òź¶棬Զû档
˾ͻȻ֣Ȼĵ˶еʮֵ⡣
ľϬڵʦЭڣ㲻ܴߡԼ߰ɣ˾ϴЦĿ⿴ľϬ˵
᳤ˣ⾰Դ˵һѧԺķ棬ԡüͷ壬˾ù󣬿˵
δ˵꣬˾þͰ˰֡
ǵһѧԺѧԱȴҲǵʦЭĵʦһѧԺҪӵʦЭڴ߾ԣǾõһѧԺԺ˵ɣ˾ãƽ͵˵
ǡľϬЩġ
ۿҪɹˣȴ뵤ʦЭĻ᳤ȻԳ档λ᳤ǰһ㶼Ρλ᳤˵ݣ˿ڵһѧԺԺԺɲλԺԺǵһѧԺϯԺ
ûʲôǲǵģľϬҵĻѾˡڣ߰ɣҪ¡˾ֵ
˾õƽͣûʲôƢȴһλߵϡ
ǣľϬӦһ
ʦЭĻ᳤ԳֹˣľϬ֪ӵʦЭڴ߾ԣѾǲܵ顣
ٶ˵Ҳûκεôң˾˵ĺҪӵʦЭڴ߾ԣͱõһѧԺԺԹҪˡ
һѧԺԺˣȻܳ˾Ҫˡ
ʵϣһѧԺԺˣҲ֪¡
ľϬĵ뿪˵ʦЭᡣ
л᳤ˡԣ˾õл
˾ãžԡ
ҪлңǵʦЭĵʦʦЭᣬӦñ㡣ľϬߣҵʦЭδأ˾ã˵
ɫʱЩס˾õĻǶԾ˵ģôǻ᳤ˣ˲
Ҳ֪Ϊʲô᳤˾ûͻȻ֣û뵽ʦЭڲ񣬻᳤ʵģǣȴ⡣
ԣĵ츳ܺãŬɣ𹼸ˣ츳˾˵һ䣬ת뿪
˾뿪Ŀ˾һۣ鸴ӡ
һҲԼķ䡣
ԣ᳤˶ע㰡ģЦЦԾ˵
᳤ǲ뿴ʦЭᶼӰɣԵ
ɴˣ᳤˼ʵʦЭ飬Ҫ뿪ʦЭǰˡС£ͲںԳˣֻһԭǾע㣬ҿ㡣ҡҡͷ˵
ԣĬ

ʮʱ䣬ת˲
ʮʱԷƵҩԾ˵ٶȣŵʦЭĹ׵㡣
һˣڴﵽһ׵ˡԣϲĿԼĹ׵㡣
ʼӤɣУһӤݲϡ
Ӥһҩ
ԣδƹҩôڣҪʼҩˡ
ӤҲһΪҩЧҪȹԪǿöࡣ


310 Ϊ
һһ¯ӤĲϣҪǧ׵㡣
ԣһԾֱӶһʮӤϣʮ׵㡣
Ӥ֮⣬Իһĸ鵤ϡ
һڲֿڣͻ˳ʮĹ׵㡣
ʦЭĹ׵㣬ֵһֿڵĸԴûмֵ
ԣҪЩݲϣȫƳɵҩصһѧԺһѧԺĻ֣ȻЩֹԴ꾧ط֮Դ
ӱصԱ̿ʼӤ
һӤҲЩšǬϵȣҲȫ㹻ˡ˵ҩҲӦòʲô¡
һĶʦγҩǿ϶Ҫܳʱ׼Ż᳢ԡ
ԣȴҪ
ǬһĵңҩҲֻǬƪ֮еݶѡ
ʧܣ
һƣʧˡ
ʧܣڶӤҲʧܸաڶƵӤѾͳɹֻһȹ̲ʧܡ
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ΣһҪɹͣļӤ
սԼӣ¶һЩʱ䣬ԵʱܼȣȻԸ˷κһʱ䡣
СĿԪǬ¯ڣӤ
ӽһʱʱ
ԣһ򿪵¯Ŀ˸һƹâ
ɹˣԿŴǬ¯ڣȡĿɫҩ
ӤһɫĵҩԲĵҩϣһɰת
Ŷȣȡ԰ĵ˵ͷ
һγɹƳҩɵĿţŴﵽȵĲΣѾǷǳѵõˡ
Ҳʦˡһϲ
ɹƳҩҲʹţԽʦ֮СңСΡ
ֹ˼ʱ䣡
ӤһƳʮ¯ӤһٶʮšЩҩ֮УﵽȲΡֻٲ֣ԼʮŵӣΪȵӤ
ˣӤЧΡĿ
֪ӤЧȹԪǿܶ࣬ҲδʹùӤЧҲǺֻеȷ󣬲֪
ڵľڡ
̷Ӥתһ񹦡

Ԫʱ֫ٺӿȵԪڻۡ
һʱ䣬һӤ̺ͱϡ
˫Ŀ΢΢
ǿЧȼƷʯǿܶࡣҩЧȽºͣٶȱüƷʯˡ԰ĵͷ
ûٳɣڶӤ̷ȥ
̷ʮӤ֮ΪѾǱ֮ǰɵӡ
һ֮󣬾ʮӤΪҲˣڵļޡǰһͻƵ۷徳ˡ
ҪͻƵ۷徳磬ͲӤܹˡ٣ҪڶʱͻƣӤǲܵġ
ԵԪޱȣҪͻƣһҪѵö࣬ҪԪҲᲢۡ
ԣҪ꾧֮ǿԴڶʱڣͻƵ۷徳硣
ڵʦЭĲֿڣûл꾧֮Դġ
ûصһѧԺˡվǬռ䡣
ʱľԣʵʹӤ֮ǰѾǿɵӡ
֮ǰԵʵǽӽ龳ǿߡڣȻܻ޷龳ǿȫ⣬龳ǿɱ֮ѧһ龳ߣҲԺκξԡ
ԣĸ᳤ķ䡣
ĵʦҪصһѧԺˡԶ˵
صһѧԺ΢΢һ㶣Ŀ⿴žԡ
ԣӦ֪һѧԺ̷Ҫɣü˵
Եͷ
֪ĵ˼һѧԺ̷뼩ȥУصһѧԺͶ
ȴҲòȥҪڶʱڽ۷徳磬һѧԺԴݵ;
ңҲãôһֱӱȥҲǰ취վҪŪ̷͵һѧԺԼʲô̬ȡ
λصһѧԺܵݳɹͨԺѧԱĿˣΪԺѧԱǻɱǮ£Ͳôء
ĵʦ֪һҪȥţǰ취ԻӦ˵
ԣԼţһ᳤ǵʦЭĵʦһѧԺ̷Ҫ㣬Ҿû᳤Ӧ֪顣ĳһ˵
û᳤˾֪ԻصһѧԺ˾ãԸﾰһѡ˾õӰڿѧԺǼġ˾뱣ԣǵһѧԺ϶ӡ


311 һ꾧
һѧԺѧԺ⡣
ԴӼһѧԺԻδѧԺı⡣
˻治١Կ˿֮߶Ӱ
⣬ǵһѧԺԴصأĵһѧԺѧԱҪڶһԴＸÿʱỵ̈кܶѧԱ
ԣֱһ̨
̨ڣһӣϸĸӦһ£֪Էһ۷徳ߡ
ҪһʲôԴӣߵѧԱۣʱ΢Цʵ
Ȼ۷徳ΪǱִ£һѧԺĸߵѧԱһҲھΪټϾᣬǱ˵ܽΪԺѧԱԣԾԵ̬Ⱥܿ
꾧
ԵĻͫȻһ
꾧ڣУ
ҸߵѧԱʸһ꾧ƽʱڱڶһ꾧ѧԱɲΪ꾧ʵǷǳ󣬼ǵͼ꾧ҲҪĻ֣һѧԱǸߵѧԱҲѶһ
ȷߣһºʵ
ԣȷԵͷ˵
ãɡ˵һ䣬ת뿪
ԣ첽ȥ
ߣԴһյķ֮ڡ
һһԴͿʱУɶһ꾧ַǳԴͲˣҪյĻ֮нС
ͼ꾧Ҫǧ֣뽫ƸҡշߣԾ˵
Ŷûô֡ҡҡͷóԼơ
ڼһѧԺʱ򣬾Իһֽǧ֣ʣǧ֡ͼ꾧Ҫǧ֣ӵеĻȻңҪһģҲǵͼ꾧һ߼꾧
ͼ꾧Ȼһ쾳˵ҲǳˡǶھ˵ͼ꾧ͲôǿˡǺ쾳ʱ򣬾ʹùͼ꾧Եͼ꾧̺ҲȽ
Ҫʱڳ۷壬Ҫ߼꾧ǿĶ
ʲôߣΪԼˡ
ֲ
ּȻһʲô꾧ˣǰɣ
ɫʱ֮ǰԾ̬ȿΪᲢǸߵѧԱˣҲϷŪִ¡
ϷŪһҪþԸصĴۣ
ҵĻֲҪһߵȻ꾧Կ˿ߣ˵
㵽ʲô˼ֲѵΪǷ𣿻һߵȻ꾧֪ߵȻ꾧Ҫٻʮ֣ʮ֣ߵ̧࣬Ŀдŭ⡣
ǺǣżЦŰ֣ڻȷʵԴҵԴһɻ֣ȻûֶһߵȻ꾧
ԴʲôԴߵķŭδɢ㾰ԴжԴһߵȻ꾧Ҫʮ֣ãǰСӣǲǲ֪ʮִʲô
˵һԺѧԱԺѧԱҲûһóʮѧԺֵġ
еҩԴЦ˵
óѹŭ
УѾ̶ܴϣΪϷŪˡšȻ˵еҩǾȿҩ˵
ãԣһŶȵӤȡ
ҩӤ߿Եĵҩ΢΢һ
ڱڹģڸԴȻǳ˽⣬ԵԽӤһó˲ϳӤ
Ӥһҩֵߡ
ȵӤڱڣԶһǧ֮ࡣ
ӤɲһܹóĶȻһ߾ӤҲó˭ӤʵΪ
ӤЧɱȹԪǿöࡣ۷徳ߣһӤڼ̵ʱڣһصΪ
ңڵһѧԺıڣӤҲǱȽϡȱԴһҲ꾧һģҪߵѧԱݡ
óӤĿеŭ⣬ʱࡣ
㿴һӤܶһѧԺ֣ԽӤ͵ǰ
ӤԶһǧѧԺ֡ʶ˵Ҳ˳ƣԵӤӵС
ȻѾϳóҩӤҪӤһ֣ҲϸĲ鿴һԵĵҩǼٵģɾʹˡԣҪСĽӤǿǼֵǧֵĶӤǼҩûǧֿܾҪԼ⳥ˡ
ϸеӤͣͻȻŴ󣬷һ


312 ʮ
Ӥ
ȻǶȵӤ
ߣǺɴ۾еĵҩ
ӤȷʵǷǳϡ١
ȵӤǴϰĵʦƳǶӤƳĵʦȴ٣ǵʦЭļʦƳȵӤ
һŶӤڵһѧԺ֮Уֵﵽһ֡
ңһѧԺѧԱҪԺѧԱſܶһȵӤһҪҪȻ꾧ߡ
ǶӤߣڽĿӤתϡ
ȷʵǶӤԵͷ
ӤֵһѧԺ֡ȷҪӤһ𣿡߶žԡ
ңҪŵҩһҲһ֡һö߼꾧Ҫʮֽ֡˵
ʱԭԾԲŭѾȫʧˡţóӤѧԱûרϷˣңͲʶԡ
һ֡
ڵʦЭڵʱһһٶʮӤʹʮţʣ²ʮŵӡңдӤĲϣʱӤ
ǾȶһʮӤɣЦЦȡʮŶӤ
ʮŶӤֵʮѧԺ֣һö߼꾧Ҫʮ־ͿԶһʱ˵ʮҲʹˡ
ʲʲôߣһǴסˡ
ʮŶӤ
꣬Ц̫ˣ
ߣЩɵɵı飬žóһööɫâתӤ
뽫Щҩһɻ֡ԣ΢Ц˵
Ŷߣ䶯ɿȵ
Եȣȥܴˣߣ̬Ѿ˹
óʮŶӤǿˣԲ򵥡ңνʵ̫ˣѾˣҪܣԹ
ܣǱȨˣҲǵһѧԺһλϡ

ʮӤ
ⶥһڣһ뷢԰ߣ˫Ŀһ
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׷ߣǱܣһѧԺһϡ
ܴˣҪʮӤһѧԺָ֡žԡ
ܴˡԹ
Ӥóɡ׷߿˾һۣ۾΢˵
ֱʱЩŵġʮӤЩ̫ˣ˵ӤʮӤֱ޷š
ңҪóʮӤˣһߡ
áԽһϻڵʮŶӤ˹ȥ
׷߽ӵУϻӴ򿪣ԭ΢е۾ʱֻҪһۣȷϻڵĵҩȷʵӤ
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ʮŶӤɶһʮѧԺ֡ȷҪЩҩһɻ֣׷ߣֿʡ
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ǣԵͷ
ƸҰɣ׷˵
ǣԽԼóƣҲ͹ȥ
ʱ򣬾Щĵġ
Ϊ̷ͨĶԣ֪λܣ֪֪¡λܿܲʶԼһԼƣǱضͻ֪Լ̷֪֡ͨԼֻʲôķӦأ
ԵĵǣλܣֱӽԼȻ󽻵̷
׷߿˿ԵƣȻ̧ͷĿ˾һۡ
һֱŰ׷ߣԣ˲͸о׷ߵĿⷢһֱ仯һʱ䣬Ķᵽɤۡ
λܵʵԼΪǿλҪֿԼԼûеֵĿԡ
Ǿԣ׷ߵĿ⣬ָֻܿ糣һ䡣
仰һʳͱʾ׷˵Ե֡
ǵģԵͷ
ţʮѾˡ׷ߵ˵ͷ
仰ģ΢һЩоõ׷߿϶֪Լ̷ͨ£ƺûµ˼Ҳ˵׷Ӧǲ£Ծ͵֪
лܴˡæлӹԼơ
󣬰׷ߴʢʮӤϻӣ뿪յķ䡣
һһö߼꾧ԣֿȻЩߡ
ߣۿܽʮֻԣҲ˵óʮӤȫǶȵģʵ޷ԵôõʮŶӤģⲻϳ


313 ۷
˶һһö߼꾧֮⣬ԻһһǧöƷʯ
ƷʯһöҪٵѧԺ֣һǧöǺķѶʮ֡
ӣҪʮ֡Զһɣʮ־ֻʣ¶ʮټ֮ǰӵеǧ֣Ƕʮǧ֡
󣬾뿪⣬յʱ䣬ӱϼɽ
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֮ڣԪΪŨ
Ĵһš
΢Ӧ󣬾ȷصۣ֮¡
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ѾڵļޣҲȫ㹻вһ칦ͻƾҪκεԥ
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ʱ󣬾Խ꾧ȡʼջ꾧ͬʱҲһЩڤ׼ãʱ׼꾧̺Ĵ
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ƣ
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嫵ԪھܣֳŨ״棬Ե壬ֻܿһƬ״Ԫ¹
ԣ͵ץһѶӤ̷ȥ

ڿʼɱ䡣
ɹĻԽ̤۷徳硣ʧܣҲ𣬶ʱڲܳͻھ硣

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ԣǾԣͨýľԡԣǲˣǿȥΪҪ֡Ǯסһ֪ܲܵסǸߵѧԱһ֮ǰ˵ҪʾԽֵѧԱ˵
پԻֵߣɫʱһף˷ۣɲΪߵѧԱŻϾҲ֪ԵĴǮȷʵˣһҶ֪ȻûۿնɱǮɵۿ̵ģҲˡ
ԣڶĿע£߳ϼɽȡЩҲܶ࣬ᡣ˲ҪԼٺ١


314 
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԰̷ңΪɱǮǼҲҵĴǮɱңֻҪɱңܲܲɱЦЦ
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̷ĶԱҲȻܵ˾ϵɱ⣬ʱ׼֡
ԣʶһ㣬㷸´øȥ̷СȻһˣв˵
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СӣôſǲϣǾͲҪǶˡܲǼɱ㣬ҲûκΡһ˴߶Ԫ˵
֣ɱңǲԿ֡
ԣ嶯ȥ̷͸ȥɡǶýţ̷ῼһġ־ü˵
ǵľ̷ĶԱͻìٶȼڣѾ̷õĶ̷Ա־ܲǺءʱ򣬾Щ׷Ե̷߲㣬ܶı⡣
һݱ䵽һǾԾͷۣҲһ
ԣȰ˵ȸȥ̷˵
԰̷һȥġԿ˿־˵һ䡣
ţ̷ֿԱʵʦ㣬ǲǴ̷ģ


315 
Ҳȷǲǰ˼õġ
̷ĶԱжپԲ֪ɾԲֻˡǣ֮ǰ뾰ԾͬҲ̷Ա
ԣֻһʡ

ȷʵ׽õģϵĺܣȥ̷Ѷʣ̾ǰˡһ΢䣬
Ŀʱһ
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ЦʲôԣòҪٵʱ䣬ԽӣԽǲ̷ĴǣûôģˣɭȻȵ
ˣ֪ʦѾ𣿡Եա
Ȼ֪˿ûΪʲôǸ
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ԣǻˣ
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𽣱ȻĽâ˲Ϣ䴩ռ䣬˴̹ȥ
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ûκεɫĽâɵľ˺ǵĵֿ

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ۿ̷Աǰ־صĺһתĿ𾪵Ŀžԡ
֮ǰھ˵ʱͷųϢû־ԼãԵǿƺضáǣҲǸоΪ龳ǿȡ
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ԶһЩһѧԺѧԱҿ
طڣ԰֮⣬ĵһѧԺԺѧԺкܶࡣ̷ԱţȻ˺ܶ˹עң԰԰͸Ҫ֪ʲô顣
Զֻɱ̷Ա֮ǰЩѧԱ۷ʲô顣
֮һնɱ̷Ա˶סһֶ޷˵ˡ
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찡ǿʵһɱĪǵ龳ǿ𣿡
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Ѿкܶܶ꣬û̷Աɱˡ
̷ڵһѧԺһǿִԺѧԱ̷ܵġûˣҶ̷˶֡ԺѧԱҲǲҡ
ԣȴɱ̷ĶԱ
ԣߣٶ뿪һѧԺ־ͺһ
԰ʦôģһûԣǲߵġԣ򻪿־ҡͷ˵
㲻־ߣȻˣɱ̷ԱǶ̷ơƬ̷ִ̣¿϶㡣һ㱻׽סɣϽ߰ɣ
־Ȼϣߣһ̷ڡԣҪԸϽ뿪һѧԺ
ԣҲĬ֪־˵ʵڻɱ̷Ա֮ǰһЩᣬɱ̷ĶԱ̷ûпܷŹ
ǣ뿪һѧԺ
䡭
ڴʱһɺ嫵ԪȻ٣һƬռ䣬ȫ


316 Ҫɱ
Ԫ׺ݵĴϿѹ
ͬʱһɫӰ֮١ȫԪӿ״Ԫź˵ѹܵĿռ
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԰԰ףҲԻ־˹֡
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ԣһǰϼɽɱһѧԺԺߵѧԱǮһѧԺ棬֮׶žԣĿȻ
ֱͦ뽹׶ӡ
󵨣һȡ
ϼɽȣǮȷʵɱȴңԴ
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Ŀһ
ʵ˵ģȻûйעΪ̷ִ£ҲжšԺ֮УҲĴšѹ˶ѡҲˣıǮѹե
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ԭΪ¾ˡ֮ҵϼɽȣǮȴָȥˡһΣһԺѧԱ˵սսڰ˵ߡǮҪҪɱң
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Ȼ̷⣬ϣָϾԡþԣԻɱǮһ¸𣬿ȴӦ
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ǮɱģһϵûСɱǮɣҲѾ˵ˣҡ˵Ǯ֮ûκιй̷ѵɴ𣿺ҵʽִ㣬ʲô飬ֺʲôŭ졣
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СӣϢӿһԪҪԾԳ֡
뾰Լˣ֮ǰоɱԣԲ˵ôࡣȴԼ˵ԣƺ˵ԽԽ࣬ͷһתֱӶԾԶ֣ȽԻɱ˵
ִ£ס֣ʱһ
˱ǿԺԺշж


317 
Ժھ֮ǰ
̷ִ£ܲף۵λ̷ִ»ҪԺԺϰġ
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ԺѧԱֲͨѧԱ㾰̷ҪԾУҾԺԺҲӦ֪Ȩ̷֪ԾԶݣ֪µежء黺˵
ԼһѧԺȡģȻ뿴Ծȥ
̷£ȻݵġԺ֪ԵɣԵɱ֮پִ֪ͨ㡣ü˵
ɲУǶýߣǱ̷ҺݣҲܴӦԾɱҡͷ˵
ô˵ԺһҪ̷ִֹֹˣԺûҪôľϬһ£в˵
ִǴľϬвң²ԸЦһ˵
ʱ򣬾ۼԶΧѧԱԽԽࡣ
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飬ȷʵִˡ
ԺԺ飬̷ˡ
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飬㣬ҪʲôݣľϬ飬ɱԺߵѧԱǮɱ̷Աǲʵ
ⶼԭ򣡡ľϬǰЩס޴ѹ
ԭ򣿺ǺǣԭɱˣǻҪ̷ʲôľϬһЦ˵
ò˵˵ĻҲûеġ̷ڵ壬Ǵ÷ĵһѧԺѧԱҪѧԱ֮˽жԹԼô̷ǰˣ
һ仰ҲԶԡ˵ֻԺԺǵһѧԺϯԺҲ̷Ĵڡ
Խ˰
ǰ̷ľϬ棬ɱԵ˼
ղԺһΪܱסءû뵽̷ľϬԳҪɱԣ
𺳰һԣȻô档Щƽʱɲô׾ͼ
Ժ϶סԣ̷ǵһѧԺλȻ̷ҪԺûа취
˽Χ۵ǧѧԱ֮ӡ
뾰ûʲôǣҲġ֣ǴˣǾźˡ
ľϬϣԸոʮ꣬Ƕýߣǰ;õĽܽ龳ҾãӦøһᡣ黹ڼ֡
飡ľϬһ
Ī£𣿡ľϬܴɫÿ
ǡ齿΢΢һ
飬Ϊܵסңô˵ɣվˣûұɱɣľϬ˵ɱ⡣
ʵϣľϬ֮ҪɱԣҪԭ򲢲ǾԻɱǮΥѧԺķ棬Ϊȥ˵ʦЭᣬȴûܽԴǳջЩһֱڿܽŪʦЭᡣ
Ե˵Իص˵һѧԺɱ̷Ա̾͸˹
ڵʦЭӣھԵϡ
ִ£ЦĿ顣óʱ泩
ˣɱӰɣӧɱԡ
ҪɱԣһԶ֡ľϬ˽һۣ˵
ÿľϬٶȶȵ
Ժÿɣ̾ϢһԺ㲻ÿҲԵסľϬλ̷ĸ
ԴʱѾڿǣ֮ܲľϬ׷Լ֮ǰܹܸһܹܸľϬɱԼǲܵ顣
Ľ죬ľϬɱԼңľϬҲûֱӴܹܸȥֻǣԲȷľϬʵжǿ


318 īǳ
֮ѾΣȫ߶֮£һ龳ٶȶ׷
ǣľϬϻ쵰Բһĵ龳ߣֻ¾΢һжľϬ׷
˫ĿľϬûţԼٶȱľϬ졣
ľϬҪֱӶ֣ǾҲֻƴһˣ
飬˵һ飬ÿľϬȻ̤һӿԪȥ
黹ÿҪһʰ
ǣ飬Ȼ޷ľϬ
ڿµѹ£ˣɫףʵϵĲ࣬ȷʵǺܴ
ԣӵһѧԺ棬ȻӵһѧԺ̷ﲻ⣡ڣұ㽫ɱľϬӡһҪԾ֡
˻Դ߶Ԫ֮ʱ׼ʩչ
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˵ݣ΢Щ̷ľϬֻһ̷ĸǰǲ̫ġ
ңͬǵһѧԺĳݡ
Ǻǣʲô飬̷ʦڣЦЦܵˣʵ
ҵģԺѧԱԣһѧԺ棬ҪɱľϬ˵
ŶĿһתԣ˵ԲһԺߵѧԱҲֵľϬԳ𣿾ԣ㵽˺ε캦飬ľϬŭ
ҵⷬ˵ǹġܣ̷֪ΪҪԾԣ˵ⷬǱ̨ʾ˵̷ЩСˡ
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Сӣ£ҡҡͷԺˣʱԽпˡ԰Ҳ֪Һæģھȥݣп˰ɣ
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˽ʲô£ҲҪӡǣʱô˶ţľϬҪɱԣȴҪߡҵΪֱڴľϬƤ
ҵ²УԾԵлûнĶȥľϬı˵
ֻҪȥԺĿ˰̯̯˵
ҵҪ̷Ĺ𣿡ľϬɫ࣬˵
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Ȼһֱ΢Цºͣ˭óҪ߾Եľĺܴ
־飬ʱɳһ
ҵ棬ԵʱӦܱסˡ
һͨ˽ԺôԾܱڶ೤Ϲעʱ̷ҪоԣͲľϬλֱӾˡ
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ԣ㻹ʲô߰ɣֶԾԵ
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ѧԺ⣬һ㶼ԺԺλλҲвȨԸ飬Ȩܶࡣ
ҵԴѧԺ棬̷ζСղ˵ĻҲˣȴȥнԺĿˣǲеġ̷ȶСӦȱУһֲɺΥİԵ


319 
Ц˿ԣĿ֮Уһ˿Ρ
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ǣ̷Ӧȱˣ뿪Ҳ
ӦȱǵһѧԺԺϣȨļ֮һ
ңҲ޷ΥӦȱ־
ԣȥ̷ɣӦȱĿھϡ
ˣҾӦýӵնɱЧȣٸߣҲڵһѧԺ֮ϣӦȱһͬǰһΪߣͻȻ˵
ӦȱΪһۣû˵ƺڿΪߵĻҪҪԵɱ
ԣ㲻֪˭ɣߣֿԣЦʡ
ܴӦʶ𣿡ԶŴˣû˵
ܸоԼɱ⡣ȷʵʶˣҲΪζԼôǿҵɱ⡣һ㾰ȷǾǴ˿϶ԼĵˣԼǿɱģǵʲô
ҽǮ򣡡ߣЦЦ˵Լ֡
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뵽ǮǮǮ򣬶Ӧϵ
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΢΢һ
ȷʵ֪ǮһڵһѧԺҿǮļһҲԺѧԱϵϢӦǵ龳ߡ
СӣʶǸ԰ɣǮԳĬ˵һ䡣
üͷһĿⶸȻһתĶǮ
ȷʵʶǮЦһǲ޴һ㡣ҸᣬֻҪԸָɱҵܵǮҾһǣȴԸָ㣬ûа취ֻɱ
ԣݺݵҧݡѾƽϢɱ⣬˲Ϣ䣬ӿ
ĺںǮԵı飬㲻֪ôİɣɲһӾȥģȷֽһŹһڵʱ䣬ɱ
Ǯһܵı顣
ԸоԼ࣬·Ҫըѿ
ŭƺҪȼգ

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ҵģֲңҸᣬȴϧǮҡͷ๼
ӱ죡Կŭҧȵ
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ӦȱڳˣҲЩ
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ңʹ߻˵ˣǷԺ֮
ԺˣȻҲע˾ԣ
ӦȱעԣΪӦȱ̷ĵԣ˵һѧԺķ棬вˣϣԱ̷ӦȱŻԳ¡
ڣԺˣ£δ̫Ѱ˰ɣ
ʹߣԺҪ̷𣿡ӦȱЩ
Ҳֻ֪ǴϢˡԺ׿ڶҶҪҸ㣬̷ܶԾЦЦ˵


320 սǮ
Ӧȱɫѿ
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ͯԺǷ긱Ժˣ
긱ԺӦȱüͷһ
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ǷӦȱЦЦ
ͯԺӦȱȻصġԷ꣬ûôˣвǳ𾴡ӦȱȻǸԺݱԼߣһ˰ˡ
в̫أڱϣӦȱǲֱΥ꣬ϾǸԺ
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ʵҲ֪뷽ʲôϵֻǸˡʱЩԣȷʵЩһġԾԣҲ΢̽һ£֪ǸոռһѧԺߣѧԺͨý
ͲʵȴǿǱ޴ʮڣ龳ϣܴ
ǣʵǿĿǰΪ˵Ҳ龳߿ɣýֻ˵Žӽ龳ʵǮĵ龳ǿߣǰͻƵ˵龳ǻʵĵ龳ߡ
⾰ԣĪˣҪǮɱ
ҡҡͷȻþаǣͬʱҲΪԵΪȡ
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ҪսǮ򣿡
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⾰ȷʵں֪ǮУԲһҪΪء
Ǻõģû㹻ʵ£ǾͲǱ𣬶ˣԺҲûٱĻˡ

ԶڶһѧԺѧԱšܶˣҡͷΪԵΪȷʵ̫³çˣӦô
Ҳвˣǳ徰ԡһЩŮԵѧԱǸпԾԵĺøмӣ
ԣսҵģҽɱˣ̷Ҳ׷ҵΡǮ˵
⻰ǶԾ˵ġ⣬ȴ˵Ӧȱġ
ҪɱԣǾսֻӦսѡԣɱ˾ԣҲûдġ
ϻ˵һЩɣԣĳԼ𽣣Ǯ
ߣΪܶýͿҽ𣿺ãҾףһ쾳ߣ龳жôĲ࣡ǮҲԼһɫĳͬһ
ǶãճƬطþսǮ򣡡ӦȱĿܵ˵˵֮ĵط
ҵҡҡͷ̾Ϣһȥ


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ߣȷʵҪаǺ¡һԼŭ޷ƣΪŭ֪Լʵ˵»ӲɱǾͲȡˡ
ҡҡͷҲ޷ٶԾȰ˵ʲôһȫǾԼľ޷ǿ㾰ԱǮ򵱳ɱҲǾҵģΪлԺֽɾԼϧλᡣ
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Ǯһ֣ʩչ˼ѧ׽ɼûӾԡ
֪Զýнӽ龳ߵʵһɱ۷徳Ϊ̷ԱʵԲС
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ڶս֮УҪܿѧǷǳѵġΪѧĹٶȼ죬ҪܿѧǲҪߵķӦҪٶȡ
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ھԺǮ֮ǰһþǲڣʶһŵġʩչҲʶȷԵݲһ㣬ǮҪɱԣȷʵҲô׵顣
Ӧȱ̷ˣɫĬȻĿżս֮еˡ̷ˣϣǮɱԣĿǰοǮҪɱԣѶȺܴ
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ǾԵһ龳ɱ֮ǰĶҪĿģΪŪǮʵ
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Ǯɫ䣬û뵽Լȫ߶Ԫһ֮£Ȼûбɡ
ԣʵ֮ǿ
ѹͨ󣬶ý
ǰнӽ龳Ϊֱ龳濹ʵ
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һս˭ʤ˭ܣ˵ˡǮ޷ܾԣ
ڶһѧԺԺѧԱ׷׿˵


322 ɱǮ
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˵ԸռһѧԺԺѧԱ϶ûڵһѧԺõطңһѧԺʱոһ£õطҲüطҲӦڽһѧԺ֮ǰѧϰģ
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Ǯ״
ܵĳȷʵȾԸΪصö࣬ʱǿȼߣԶ̶ֳȵĳȫԳܡ
ʥ⽣ٶǮ֣һΣڽԼյĽ⡣
⣬֮ơ
ɱңܣǮ˫Ŀ졣
𣿡Цһ
׽۵ĺɫ⣬ʥ⽣γɵĳɫâȻҲɢɢĳɫâȻûڶʱʧǮҫǣĿ֮
ͣһЩϸĽâ˲ϢǮ


323 Ҷҵˣ
ϸĳɫâٶȲǺܿ죡
Ǯǵ龳ߣԭǿԱܿϸ齣âġ
ǣʩչĽطȽͺܶࡣ֮õĽ⣬ǮҲһЧǮֻϸɫâԼ塣
Ľطȫ࣬ǲܵסɫâӿ롣
~
ѪҺǮ
Ǯ˫ĿԲĶžԡƺҪȥζһºֱˤȥ
һ£Ҳվ
ɢǮ
ôܣӦȱһ˫ţۣŵʧ
ĿǮնɱḶ́޷һ˵Լ
Ǯǿǵ龳߰ȻԻɱˡ
ĿǮʬͣƬ̣Ӧȱ͵ӿԣԻǵڣʱ⳱ӿ
ңҲĺһ
ΪһսУԻǮУȴû뵽ģȴǵ龳Ǯ
ʵҲϣǮǮͬǵһѧԺѵõߡˣҲܿϧ
뾰ԱǮƺ˺ܶࡣǮͣȴɱͣһĿȻ
ЩһѧԺԺѧԱʱһţȫסھǮսǵûֹͣʱ˿̣Ǳѻȸ
֪һֱȥôսΪһѧԺһһĴڡ
ҵǿȥԺ𣿡Լ𽣣Ŀתңƽʵ
΢΢һ㶡
ԣңĿ˾һۡ
ȵȣӦȱͻȻ
Ӧȱ㻹𣿡תĿӦȱ̷ˣûκκøС
ɱԺѧԱǮھ»û£⣬ˣӦȱĿһͳ˵
˫ü
ӦȱսǮսҲ֪ġ㲻֪һͬ⡣ڣΪң̫𣿡ѹŭ
ߣԣҪڣȥ̷ȴһԺ£δã̷ĵȴɣӦȱǳ
ǿЦӦȱҲһòȻӣôģǶ֪ǺǣǮɱˣԲΪǮдǮ;Ҳƹ̷Դȵ
̷ԱͶ̷Թڣ̷ӦȱְҪԸԼ⻹þộϥϴӦȱҲ׷Ź
ӣҶ̷񣡡ľϬһȣӰԪӿҪԾԳ֡
ӦȱϣľϬϣ֮ǰѾ˸Ժָ˵ü˵
ʹߣ긱Ժ˵֮ǰ顣ھɱԺѧԱǮ¸Ժ϶֪ôܻ϶أҾãһжȵ̷˵ɣӦȱǿӲ˵
ҡҡͷ
ֻǸˣ̷ҪôҲûȨʡȻӦȱ̷˸ӣҲΪʹݣˣӦȱ϶ǲ̫һµġ
Ӧȱ긱ԺҾûǺҪİɣҿ˵
ҵ֮⣬˵ǵһѧԺĸԺλֻԺ֮¡֮ǰ˵Ǳض;Եģ̷ļþԣܻܿĲ
ߣ̷£Ȼ̷Ĺء긱ԺȻȥ˵Ӧȱȵ
ԽǲþԣԽԹ޾ԡ
Լϣַܵ鷢չһѾǾˣǹϵ̷⡣𣬾ΪԡŹԣӦȱ̷Ժ󻹲óΪһѧԺڵЦ
ľϬСӼõ̷ӦȱֱһڶľϬֱ
ǣľϬӦ
䣡һԪž԰
뼩ңԳХһԿ
֮֮߶ӰԶ۶ȥ
СӣУܣľϬĿһӶԪת¡
ֻԼ壬ײһɽ֮ϣȫ߶Ԫ޷ѿɿµѹơ
ҧͺȡ
ľϬҶҵ˶֣
ʱһʵͻȻԶʴ
ţ˱㶼һɫȹŮӣ̤֮ˣŮ·Ͷ֮䣬һԵ


324 Ժ

ԿȹŮòжʱƵ΢΢һ
ⲻȹŮӵһμ棬ӦǵڶΡһμ棬ڶٳǣʱԱҹɱ׷ɱΣʱ̣ȹŮͻȻֽҹɱնɱԼ
ס˫ĿӰȹŮӴӿ¡
ʱԾ;ðȹŮӦòǴɳ֣ڿȹŮӣȷʵһֱڹעԼ
Ժˣ
Ժ
ʹȶԷˣҲʺ
Ժ
Ŀй⻪һ治֪ڶٳǾͳ־ȹԼˣǵһѧԺĸԺȹŮӣ־ͽзˡ
ʵϣʱзǳɻȻʶ֮ӦûκνǷΪγ־Լ
棬ʲôԭλ긱ԺҲǾԵˣҾû붯˿µǿߡ
Īûǣ˵˾˵Ĺʺ򣬷ûκλӦֱӿʵ
˵ĻѾﵽˡӦ˵
꣬˵ͷ
ӦȱȻҵĻˣ̷ΪλҪԾԶ֣꿴Ӧȱ
긱Ժ̷̷ĹءǵһѧԺѧԱӦ̷þӦȱüΪǿӲ˵
˵û֮ǰɱԺߵѧԱǮɱǰ̷ԱղŻɱԺѧԱǮԺˣɲֱأ̷УǵһѧԺˣľϬȻܼᶨ
Ҳܾʲô˵һѧԺҲã̷ҲãܶԾ˵
Ȼ仰ȴڳˣ޲ݣ
Եɣ˵ǾԾ
κˣܶԾԶ֣ܶԾ
̷ȫ
ľϬҸղſԾԶֵĶ԰ɣڣԵǸ۾УľϬ
ǸľϬһ㶡
ԣԵǸ¾ˡ˵ͷ
˼ľϬҪԵǸǸˣô֮ǰԶ¾ˡľϬǸôƺûꡣ
ľϬɫһڣ
û뵽ҪҪԵǸ
̷ĸһǵһѧԺλϡݵλԵǸ
˵ûˣҲԵǸ
ǺǡľϬЦЦˣ
ľϬˣûЦҪԵǸҵҪãһᶯɱ㣡국Įȫ
ľϬǸҪɱľϬ
Уûκεɱ⣬ǣΪ˵ĻǾԲ˵ġľϬǸǷҪ֡
¶Ŀ⣬ӦȱҵˣҲԾĿŷꡣ
ԶΧ۵ڶһѧԺѧԱͬԲ۾ŵĿŷꡣ
ԵǷʲôˣ
ɵӣʱҲܿóԾԵ̬жôˡ
ˡѴԴѧԺ棬ҲܾʲôϵѧԺʵ̷ڵ壬ǾЩѧԱԣȻҪžԣһҪԼУľϬҲȫ
ֱ꣬һӶûҲŭ
û˵ղЩ϶˵ҪþԵĻϾԺԳ汣ˡڵǣ̫ˡ겻ӣҲӡ
ڷ˵ҪɱǺǡ궯ֵĻľϬþԼ緽ǿ󣬿ӦȱһԹۡ
ľϬĻ£Цˡ
˸оĽΧһ˿Ԫ
꣬Ϣһеͺһ
һɫ˿̺ſľϬɴܶȥ
궯ˡ
Կŷе˿ǰҹɱ֣˿֮¡
ѵĴɱľϬ̲סתͷ
𣡡ľϬһŭ
֣ȻԴУȫԪ߶һصıȡŷ귴ɱ˹ȥ
һǰżһѧԺģľϬˣʵ֪ʵ״ﵽĳ̶ȡ
ǵʱľϬҲΪɱԼʵ궯֣ûκԥķȥ
Ҳգʱ䣬ľϬɫͱòҰסȫ߶Ԫѧطʩչӭѹȴһ㶼ûмļ


325 ľϬ
ԼʩչѧطԴݿ֮ƻľϬˡ
ʱʶǰλһѧԺθԺʵжôĿֲϬǰľϬȻֵһ
ľϬ뷢Ʈ˻
Ժס֣ӦȱҲסˡ
ľϬ̷ˣˣҸղҲľϬþԵġȻѾľϬ͵סĹղڷֵʱӦȱҪʵȷľϬһ޷ֵһͬʱҲˡ
նɱľϬ
Ӧȱ֣һȡ
̽ѩϸƣӦȱĳһһӡڿۣһӡӦȱӭϡ
䣡ӦȱӦɳȥ
һĳͽֱӻɣûκοء
Ӧȱɳͬʱɫ˿ҲȫľϬȫסֻʹұŷƬ̺ľϬĲҽȻֹ
ָɫ˿˻ȥľϬ壬ѾʧԭأƬطֻһƬѪòɢ
ľϬնɱʬ޴棡
һĻⲻһμɱˣƺǳϲɱʬ޴档ɱҹɱֵʱҲΡ
ڳˣɵˣ
ľϬǿǵһѧԺĳϰľϬǵһѧԺĸ߲㡣
ʵڷ궯ֵʱڳˣǲΪĻɱľϬ
ֱľϬϣ껯ΪһƬѪ֮˻ûһӽԼʵ
꣡
һƻɳȥϰ֮ԶӦȱ˫Ŀķ˻
죡һȡ
Ӧȱٲ֪أһɱˡɨӦȱһۣ촽֮У
Ӧȱ˲Լ͡ԷʵѾһʶ֪ҪɱԵֵס֪ʵΪλôǿ󣬿һǾǷûκγɾͽľϬɱˣҪɱλϣ»治Ҫ̫ԥ
ľϬݵλȻӦȱľϬҲǻʵĵһѧԺλϰ
ಣӦȱûڿڣһ˸ȥ
꣬ȥԺˣڷɶ뿪Ӧȱٴδ
ӦȱЦһȻûϡ
лԺˣԻ̵ָл
꣬˾һۡ
ţһ
о꿴ԼĿ⣬һ˿⣬ô£
ΪԺɵնɱľϬλɴʱĿ⣬Ϊδź⣿
⾿ô£
ಣûжԾκεĻӦҲȥ
ŷӰʧʣҲƽϢ꿴Ŀ⣬ûκεϲ֮⡣Ŀдŵĺ⣬ֱܽ˵Ĺ衣
˵ɱԣԶһš
긱ԺƺܺҵӰתǣ⵽ΪʲôʵֱǿףҪɱңһָҲ㹻˰ɣңڶٳǵʱɱǰҹɱ֣˰
Ҳ޷ⷽ
ִ£ԺһҲôˣҪɱܶùȥٶҲá
ף˵
׵ɫʱǳѿԽֺתĿԣĿǳĸӡ
֪ʦںδʵ
ΪԾԼҪһʲô٣Ҫ壬͵
̷ıڱ档УûκᾰԵ˼ֲҲӦ
ľϬˣһСС̷ִ¡
ľϬȻԾԶˣľϬȻҪնɱԣֻҪסѡֻɱˣ
š׵Ļ˵ͷ
̷רеһѧԺѧԱĵط̷ĵһѧԺѧԱɲһкܶѧԱ岻̴ͻᰲڱڱ档֮УԷֹ帯ܡ
֪屻ڱУҲ΢һЩ
ʱ䣬ͲһϢͻȥ
ҵڿȥ𣿡ֿĵҡ
⻰ɷ˷۾תĻһѧԺϸոΪ㱻նɱھҪݽԺ
ԵģھͿԡһǶԾĵ˵ͷ
󣬾ֶԻ־˵лЩ֮ǰ˵ԵȻǵá
ԺϯԺס
ӦȱҴҵĿ


326 Խܵʵ
Ӧȱʱ飬ֱ޷ݡ
̫ˣ޷ܣ
ľϬǰʬ޴棡
ӦȱǵԼж꣬ûѹȵĸоˡǽ죬һθܵϢĸоɣʱڷǰٽƬ̣һᱻɱ
Ӧȱŭ
Ӧȱϣ
Ӧȱֱӽ뷿䣬ڣһߣ̧üӦȱ
ߣǵһѧԺϯԺĹ㣡
ԺˣӦȱʱȻƽĹ㹪
Ӧȱϣʲô𣿡ĹüӦȱʵ
֪ǳʲô£Ӧȱ϶ֱӴԼķ䡣
ԺˣľϬϸɱˡӦȱߵ˵
ʲôĹһҲǻȻվ
ô£Ĺʵ
Ӧȱ龭ŵĽһ顣
Ժˣ治ףΪҪ÷һѧԺθԺְˣҲ̫˰ľϬûʲôɱľϬϡԺˣ˵ô÷꣡Ӧȱͳź⡣
ӦȱȻϣĹԳֶԸꡣ
˻~Ĺ㣬˿ڷⲽ߶
ӦȱüͷоЩԾĹԺû̾ԴӦ֮ǰЩһĹԺӦ´ָ׼ֶԸŶԡ룬Ȱ˷ְȻвУ
ԺˣӦȱ֪ô¡
ӦȱϣԺҪΥ淽긱ԺˡֻҪ㲻ǣ鷳ġĹڳһ˵ôһ仰
ʲôӦȱֱԼ⡣
ĹԺԷ֣ڵȵĻӦȴôһ仰
Ժˣ㵽ôİ꣬ɱǵһѧԺλϰ˲żһѧԺһµʱ䣬ľϬ϶ǵһѧԺʮ֮˰Ӧȱź
Ļ֣́İ˰ڡ
ӦȱϣҹܲˡҾܣҲĹε˵
ΪʲôӦȱ۾Բ
ΪʲôĹЦҡͷ˵ǵһѧԺ˼κηġ
ӦȱӣҪ
Ĺ̾Ϣ꣬һ֮ǰһѧԺң˵ҪһѧԺʱû˵κιԼϢãһһѧԺҪθԺҾͻͬ𣿶ңҶûһգ
ΪθԺӦȱ⡣
ʱǹ飬ֱΪԺġ˶ԣҲûܸıĵ⡣
Ҳ밡ǡĹЩԥһ£·һƶӲ£ңֵʱҸоóûȫԸĳƣҶӲס֮˵һ仰ҲͬΪһѧԺԺҪΪһѧԺԺ
ĹЦҡͷ
£ûи߹κˡǽҪӦȱһͣ˵ϾǷǳ顣
ǵһѧԺԺǵڣǸ߸ϵĴڡڿǰҪġ
Է꣬ȻƶӲס
Ĺ㣬Ҳ뽫˵ǣӦȱ˵ӦȱܿܲưոݣһȥǷǷֱܻܿӽӦȱҲˡ
УֻʣӦȱصĺ
Ŀ͵ĿĹ㡣
ĹĻѽܣĹ㲻˵ٻҲ˵ĹȷʵӲסơ
ֱ췽ҹ̷
ǵڣʵǿĿˣҲܱĹǿôɣʵĹԺҪǿһЩɿҪɱĹԺҲԲǼ򵥾ġ
Ĺ˼ҪɱǼֱѴ֮
ӦȱˣĹ㵱ʱҪǲͬⷽҪǷܾͻֱɱԼεһѧԺԺһѧԺ˭ͬ⣬ܾͻɱ˭
ĹȣҲκôʵѾǿȫܹǵκߵĵزˡ
ǲֵĻ˵ֱɱҲ˵
ֶΣֱնɱľϬһͿԿóҪɱ˭ǾԲκεѹ
յʱӦȱЩʧģԺĹסĵط˳
ʶҪҷһӣⱲǲʲôϣˡ
ھԣԺ󣬾ʲôȥˡзﻤţ˭Ҷ֣
ǣ굽Ǵģǵڣûǿߣ


327 
ŽݣλڵһɽԺ֮
һɽҲǵһѧԺԺԺѧԱûʸһɽġԺѧԱҪΪԺѧԱͱͨŽݵĿˡ
ŽݸҲӲȱԺѧԱۼ

١ˮʦ㣬ͣ
Ҿ˵١ˮʦʵͨԺĿˣ

֮£мʮԺѧԱǴĺš
ϣһŮߣŬʵǡ
ݣһֻоŸݡÿһݵʵǣǳļѡ
һԺѧԱһݶ޷ʵǣҪ˵ͨŽݵǶ
ʱŮߣѾ˵ڰ˸֮ϣ΢΢Ȼŷǳѹ
ɹˣˮʦɹڵڰ˸վˣһǵǶھŽף
̫ˣҲ֪Ҫòܴﵽˮʦˮƽ
һĽڶѧԱз
١ˮսߣԺ֮УټҲǷǳԲԺУųɵѧԱʶ
ˮסŬһ£ܵǶˣ·һӴ˵ѹȥ
⿡ӣҲսϵߣսġ
ݣҪԺ߲ʵǣκԺѧԱǿԳʵǵġһЩʵǿ۷徳ߣʱԣһԼʵԵǶˣͻȥԺ
ΪԺκѧԱÿ궼ֻһΡԣûһյ£ѧԱҲȥ롣

ڰ˽ϵ١ˮһȣ͵Ĵ߶ԪϷھŽԾȥ
ӵھŽϣһƬɫĲƣҲ͵ϵ١ˮ
ƣ١ˮһžӣһ̶Ǻ
Էǳٶȣ䵽ھŽ֮ϡ
ɹˣ
ˮʦɹˣ
սǿߣ

˷̾ʱ١ˮ壬ȴ͵ĵڿĵء
ʧˣ
ھŽݣǵǶͨԺˣҪڵھŽվȲСֻǵϵھŽ̾ͱǻʧܵġ
֮١ˮҡҡͷĿʧ顣Ѿ߾ܣɻʧܡȻҲ׼ʧˣǲЩʧʧ䡣
ˮɹѾܽˣٹʱ䣬һܳɹǶսĵߣο١ˮ˵
ǰ١ˮʦ㣬Ѿǿˡ
һ㶼ûҸоֻҪೢԼΣ١ˮʦһܳɹ
һЩ۷徳ߣ׷׿˵
ݣ
ʱ򣬾Ҳ֮ǰûݣһΣǵһμݵò
ԵܵѧԱĿⶼԣУһֿ׳յζ
ΪԸղ˵ĻЩ̫Цˡ
˵ǣݣ
ⲻʲô
ݣˣ׳һĿžԣҲˣӦ˾Ե⡣
ŶлԶ˵л˵ֻҪŽݣͿԽΪԺѧԱǰɣ
ԵģֻҪʵ㹻ǿͨŽݣǾӵԺѧԱʵˡ˵ͷ˵
ţԿ΢Ц˵

Сӣǰ𣿡
ղ˵ݣӦǵһμݶ԰ɣһ볢Եݣ
ܴһƬЦǿԣͺɵһ㡣
ȻκѧԱԳԵݣû㹻ʵ˵۷徳ΪһѧԱҲǲ׳Եġʵֻ̫ܵһ׵ݾͱ̫ˡ
Ŷѵһεݣһʧ𣿡תĿܵˣɻʡ

Сӣ㻹ʡɣݣɲǾܵǵġ
ǣʮģ԰ɣ
˷ʱˣݣÿһֻһ˳ʵǡҪʵǣ˷ǵʱ䣡
ЦǳĴ̶
üҡҡͷҲЩˣ˹ȥ
վסսĵ衣üžԺȵ
£Զ衡
ţҪԵݣɡҪԣҲõš衵
Ϊʲôʡ
Цұ㵱ȻҪҵ֮ٳԡЦһ
ţ˵еô԰ɡԵ˵ͷȷʵûں棬Ҳ޿ɺǡ
վԭأƬ̣ûκζ
ʲô˼㲻ҪԵôʼü衡
ʲô㵱Ϸ׼ãôȥԣСӣŰɣҪ׼ٳԡ衵˾һ˵


328 ʵ
Ȼ衾ڹѡ
гԵݵ뷨̾ȥԡ
Ҫȥݣȴֹ۸ԡ
ԵɫҲ֮ǰ˵ҪԵݺȥݣԾеڣ衸ûеݵ˼ҪԾɵš
ЦһԼ߹ȥ
Ȼ衲ϳԣǾźˡ
衼ԼݣĿһ䣬û뵽ԸôȻΥսĵǿߡ
ιûô׵ģαؼȥʵأ١ˮžԵıӰ˵һ䡣
ȡʲôĳɼġھִҪȥԣ϶衣١ˮҲǲϣУԲȰ˵һ䡣
ҲûôѣԻ١ˮһ˵
١ˮҡҡͷû˵ʲô
ѾȰ˵ˣȴһ衻ôҵˡ
һʰСӣ衵ͳһ
仰ЦЦ
Ԫ΢΢תԵһԾ̤ϵһ̨ס
˫غ󣬱ǿھ޴̨֮ϣһϸܵ·˸
󷨣
ݣȻһص󷨡
ߵ̨׺󷨱㱻ȻһҪߴȥ
ϸ·ҫ󣬱һ˷žѹ
СҪɳˣ
Ϊô𣿡
١͵Сӷɳˤһʺ
Ϊô𣿵ɳͻԼΪжôЦˣ
·ѧԱЦſԡ
Ƭ̺ǱˡΪȻȵվڵһϣûвȵļ
Сӣеʵ
Ȼڵһվȣ
΢΢һЩѧԱ˵
ǵĻ֮УԵ壬ٶȷԾȥŵڶʵȥ
գ֮䣬Ѿվڵڶϡ
䣡һɸΪǿԪ΢΢һ𣬱ǽ˷忪
ڶϵѹ֮ȷʵȵһǿöࡣԽϣѶȾԽѹֺܶ۷徳ߣ޷ʵȥ۾
ڵڶϣֻͣ˶̶һʱ䣬ԱϷԾ
ף
Ľף
ף
ԲԾÿһ̨ϣͣһʱ䡣
·ڶԺߵѧԱһȫɵˡżʱ䣬ԾѾ˵֮ϡ
ܵϵݣҲھΪˡǣȻû뵽Իǿʵ
ף
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һѧԺ۷徳ߣܵϵ߽׵ݡҪϵڰ˽ݣͲôˡ
ս١ˮڵϵڰ˽ݺ󣬶Щվȣ˵ھŽݣֱӱ
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ӦǸռһѧԺ˰ɣҪȻ֮ǰôûأ
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һΪһݶϲȥھȻ߽ˣ
ڶߵѧԱڳĬƬַ̺̾
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˵һܲһϵڰ˽ݣ˿ܵĸߵѧԱ˫ĿŹʵ
ڰ˽׵ݣܵȥǵսʮֵĲΰɣһ϶У
Ҳһ㿴ӵһ׵߽ף˶ʱ䰡ݶ˵ͺͥɢһɡܵϵڰ˽Ҳ˵
˿þԵϵڰ˽ףҲ˿þԵϵڰ˽ס
۵ʱ򣬾Եֶˡڵ߽ϣͣʱ΢һЩоˣϵЩϸĸһЩ
ڰ˽ݣ
Ե˫㣬ȵڵڰ˽֮ϡ
꣡һɺ嫵ܣ͵Ĵ˷
ƿ˫ĿһȵԪȻͷŶھԵܣ״Ԫգۼ佫ɫѹƵ֮⡣
һĻ˶ɵˣ
Ҳһοߵϵڰ˽ˣģǴ໹ǵһμǰЩɹԺѧԱ¶ôϵڰ˽ݡ


329 Ժ
ڵڰ˽ϣͣ˲յʱ䡣
ϵޱȣ˵ھ˵ǿ̺İȴǶԾżİ
ΪݵĶ̶ʱԾͷԼΪ˱ȽϴĽֽĸ֪
ԾڵΪһʵǶǺѲõġܹ֪ʵѾǷǳֲˡ
ٴԾϵھŽݣҲݣһݡ
ڵھŽվȣôԾͽʽͨˣԺѧԱΪԺѧԱ
·ڶߵѧԱĿתĿžԡ
ȥˣȥˣ
ֱȻĵ˵ھŽݣ
˼飬ǵһѧԺԺƽһҲܵǶݰɣûȻĿõ
ߵ˭
ˣĪǾԣ˵ûǵһѧԺһռ˽оԣͨýţ
ûһȻ˭ôͨݣܶýĻͨݿҲˡ

Աֳʵ̫ǿˣ·ЩѧԱȻʶԣҲ³˾Եݡ
ȻĿǰΪֹǻ֪նɱԺѧԱ龳ǿǮ
ֱӴ԰֮ݵģϢûȫ
ò˶ãһѧԺѧԱ֪Իɱ龳ǿǮ¡ʱ򣬲Ǿ֣쳹һѧԺʱ
ǣ
˫ڵھŽ֮ϣݣʱһ졣
ĺɫ·ڿռһƬžֹƺҪ߸ϳȥ
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Ϣᣬдһȣ֮еԪӿڵĿˮΪģ˷
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ɫĲǳģ಻죬žԵײ
ԣȴ̩ɽ˫ȵվڵھŽ֮ϡ
Ƭ̺еĺɫʧŽݣð
վ·ڶѧԱվڵھŽϵľ塣סĿӡ
衣һĿǺȻ֮ɫ
ղһѵȫû뷨Եʵ֮ϡЩңղҺûжԾԶ֣Ȼɾͺ˵ˡ
١ˮһ˫ĿתղȰ˵ԣʱɾЩЦ
ղžԶ˵ݻҲûôѣΪǲڿ˼˵ȫǴʵݣȷʵѰ̣ûյʱ䣬ס
ݣ˵ѱȵ죬Ƕ˾˵ȷʵûʲôѶȵӡɵ̬˵ǾŽݣʮʮݣȥҲʲô¡
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ԣͨݿˣڿʼʽΪһѧԺԺѧԱƸңΪԺѧԱơ˵ļֱӣ΢ЦԾ˵
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³һóһöɫƣʮǧתƹȥֽµƽԡ
ܾԵĻôõģûʲôϵҲֻû뵽Իô֣ԲŲԽĳԾһ¡
ΧˣĽĿžеɫơƣġ


330 ľ仯
ԴžԵϵһɽ
ԣһǵһѧԺļ¼֮У뾰ġ
Ƽ¼Բҡ
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ǵһѧԺͬʱҲѧԺλϣԵһѧԺʷһЩȽϳʷϣҲ֪
ԣ뱱廹Ϸ壿ʡ
ǵһѧԺԺѧԱҲϵһϷϵһǱϵɱǮ򣬾ϷϵѧԱѡϷ壬ǻһЩ鷳ǮϷ꣬϶һЩϤѣ֪Ǯɱͻ鷳ҸԽ˵
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ϣһƬ֮ǰվڿϣ˫ĿԶãã
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ǽ˼ޣǮߵʱ򣬾Է󣬶ֿܶЧĵֿͻᱻɱңԻ˽⣬طƿɲҼҼô򵥣
뾰ӣֻʣ°¡
ʱ䣬׼󲿷ֵ˼ط֮ϡ
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Ҳ֪ôˣ뿪һѧԺıûϻ壬һ˳˵һѧԺ
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ԼںˣԸˡ
ϣں֮һ
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ϸֵҩܶ࣬ûҪԼںġ


331 ôģ
ѧԺ֮⡣
ѧԺһѧԺһǲġԣֻѧԺ֮ž
֪ˣ϶̳
һʱ䣬δ֣ĽƷȴǳˡ
ھκĽƷĸ֮ǰĽƷƺ;ֻǹϵѡ֮ĽƷƺ;ܶȾֱѾ޻̸Ĺˡ
ԣ
ĽƷƣ
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ƷƣأѵʱںѧԺڣԿ˿ĽƷƵĺ棬Ӱδ֡
ȷʵѧԺȡһѧԺȥԳĽƷƵͷ˵
ԳĿһ
Գ֪֮⣬ǲԶ
ԳѧԺͿͬġѧԺᷢһЩԳйصѧԺѧԱȡ׬ȡѧԺĻ֡
ԲҪȡ׬ȡѧԺ֣һѧԱȴûиõİ취û֡񣬾׬ȡѧԺ;ˡ
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ãȥӦ
ţһЩҪȻҾ͸һȥˡĽƷЩǸ˵
µģֲҲԳڡЦŰ˰֡
ĽƷƸ󣬾ԱԳȥ
Գʵһɽ
ɽ֮Удĸ޴ڡ
Գʯɽ»ɭֵȻ޾ۼزͬ
˵ʱɽ֮вû޳ûɽҲȫǱƵģһЩȽĿʯٲԴ
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ټϣЩޱҲǻᷱܺģʱ䣬ɽ֮оޱˡΪˣҪѺܴ޵
ٺѧԺ뵽һ취ѧԺͿͬɽҲԳ
ѧԺѧԺѧԱԳɱޡһ棬ĥѧԱһ棬ҲЧԳڵ
һʱ󣬾ԾԳ
Ӫ֮⣬пļѲأԱԼǵһѧԺѧԱֽƱӲ󣬼ӣžԽԳӪء
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ӪڣвѧԺѧԱӰתһȦ󣬲δ־ټ²⣬Ӧǻû
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Գ֮⣬ǾһƬҰ·ϣûҲǺ顣
ȵȰɣ΢תȾ
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ˣԣӰѧԺѧԱ֮С
ԳĴѧԺѧԱԼѧԺķΣҲٲˣѰΡ
ˣѧԺķΡ
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ң°¶ݡ
ȻȥѧԺǷǳ˵ġ
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С˭뾰һļ֮Уһɨ˾һۣЩʵ
˵þЩãü΢һӦ֪ھΪӦǺѧԺĸߵѧԱ
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СӣԳӪأôģĽܣĿһھϡ
ȻûнԵѧԺѧԱ
üͷøһЩ˵ȷʵЩѺáĿ֮УԼһЩڡ
һĪг𣿡˼תεš
ϸ˿ˣȷ֮ǰû֮ӦûгԹŶԡ


332 
ѧԺѧԱ
Ŀһת
º˵ȥǱߣԶԾ
ȷʵѧԺĸߵѧԱ˫̫ˣѾﵽһ߶ȣľߣһЩϵĲ𾴣Ҳûǰôء
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Сӣ㻰˰
ԲˣȴűԶӣǶһ裬ǰ
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ˡ
ҲУ˾֮ΨһŮԡվ˵Ҳ֧ʵǿߡ


333 
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Կ˿ŮߣԣӦ㲻٣ܽ˵һЩĺ֮ˣܸͲԾ˵ЩܾʵжǴžԣȫڹؼʱصڻҡ
ȻҲпǿھϲŶԾ԰ѻ˵ˣ϶Ľᡣ
ҲҪκ˱ΣգȫҪչңԼչ˺ԼЦЦҲ˵
Ҫ֧飿ٴȷϡ
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Ժ;ڶĺ󷽡
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עˣѾִ޻ΧҪСһЩסԶԱ˵
ʦ㣬ֲЩһԳĲ񡣺ٺ١¯Цһ˿Ժ;
Ҳ˾Ժ;һۡ
Ҫ̫Զʵһ޻ӦޣΣˡԾ˵
ʦģҺ;һ𣬲ʲôΣաԣԱңЦЦ˵
üҲûٶԾ˵ʲôתĿеһˡ
Ҷעһ¾;ԡ˵
УңҶߣ˵ͷͬʱԺ;ڵλÿһЩ
㣬ȷʵϣͨĽƷƽõĹϵԣɲϣԳ֮ڡҶ˶ע⾰;ԣҪҶһˡ
飬ǰƽˣСࡣ


334 Σ
ʱ䣬ơ
ҹĻٺ֧飬Ӫկ
ҹǷǳΣյģȻ˶쾳ߣȺΣҹ䶼ǰɱȵġ
ںܶ˵ǻ񣬻ҹӾⲻܱȵġ
ԣԳľѧԺѧԱҹ䶼ԡ
ԣҹ޳֣֪ͨǣ¯ߣԾ
ʵϣЩ˵˯ǲҪġ
¯ˣȻ뽫ʱ˷ҹϡ
оֳɵĿʹðײá
ԣҹ齻ҰɡԵͷӦ
ҹĻ£ԳɽɢϢ
ԣһž֮ϣҲھԱߡ
ԣһȡѶȽϴ󣬿Ҫüɡ˵Ż
šԵͷ
Ҫȥɣʦڣûġҧҧ촽
ʵߣܿġףϵ˷ʱ䣬Ϊһ춼ûг֣ŶɱޣҲûԵķݡ
һȥ˵
һҹ£
峿˼
һΣճյʱ䣬һͷޡ
ޣ൱ھߵʵУжھߣնɱͷޣǳɡ
ɱͷޣ˶ջ񶼺⡣
Ҫһʱɱһͷޣһʱ䣬Ǿˣ
ǰҲôģ˵ʱһͷ
ٺ١ҲпܣһξüͷأҵϣһͷȽ׶ԸޣɱһͷͿˡȥȡ֣ҶЩȲˡ¯Цĵ
ޣ൱۷ߵս֧ʵҲǿɱҲΣաһЩ׶Ը޻ãҪһЩȽѲޣ֧˵ļʾͺܴ
ֹ˰ʱʱ䡣
𣡡
һ˻𣬴ǰ
ˣ΢΢һ֮˸
ȥ¯ӧ
˵ţҲûͬ⣬ֱӳ˳ȥٶȼ졣
üεҡҡͷ¯ЩǷ׵ģҪǰȥ飬ҲӦСһ㣬ԼϢٶȡɸ¯ûʶֱӴ߶Ԫͳ˳ȥ»ûޣ޾ͻᷢ
ҡͷ̬Ҳˣû⡣
׼ɱɣЩҪˡĿһӦ¯Ѿǰ޲¯¯϶ὫֱӴ
Щޣ˫üһ
ˣûԻе˼쳣֮˵Щޣͷޡ
ԣӦͷ޻ϢȣӦöǶޡԵͷ˵
Сӣɱ˵ô֪ͷޣҶЦŶԾ˵
ǣ֪ǰô֪ͷ޵ġˣȻ˵ͷޡ
֮Ǿ֪ˡԿҶһۣҲ͡
¯Ѿͷ޳ˡ
ԵĻ˾֮⣬˶ЦЦ
ȻǲûнԵĻϡ㣬Ϊ˵ġ
Ҳ⣬Լ˵Ķ˵ˣǲţҲֲԼ
һվ̬ȣͬʱסͷ޵ġԶԾ
áӦ
ʱ֮
ˣ
۵
һ촫أ
ֱʱ˲ɫ䡣ΪҲʶԲһͷܸĶ
ţ¯ǱӰǳ֮ڡ
죡ң¯˽кţǳļС
ͷߴӰҲѾܹ
ǽܣޣܣҶһ˵
ܣһַǳѲĶޡޣǳǿ󣬶ޱǿᣬǶ֮Уϲ֮һ
ʵϣܵĸй٣Ǻǿ¯ʱܽһ㣬ȫԱⱻֵܷ
ң¯ͷܳԼ֮ΪŶӵİȫӦԶȥԼŶ
֧飬ͷܣǺΣյġͨĶޣ֧ܽɱҪԵģǽ׺ݵޡ
֣ûгɣӶֱۣȴ߶Ԫȥ


335 Գ
ಣಣಣ
Ժ;֮⣬еˣԴ߶Ԫ˳ȥ
ҶȱֶԸܣߡڳȥ󣬻ֻоԺ;ں󷽣΢΢һüҶԸ
ǣҶӦֹסκһЩ
ϸ¯һĸˣΧɱͷܡ
𣡡
¡¡
սʼ
¯Ҳٴηһͷɱͷܣ
ԣô֪ͷ޵ģҶžԡ
ղž˵ͷ޳Ƕţڵʵǣ˵ȫȷǳͷޡ
ܸӦõʵʵ˵
ԵĻӦҶҡҡͷǲž˵Ļ
Ƭ̺
𣡡
һͷܷһͺ˫ĻͷɱһСߣɳȥ
ãҶеͺȡ
ԼСģҵùȥæҶ˵ţͳ˳ȥ
СȻھ磬ƺʱ仹ʵɱƬ̺󣬾Щֵס
û˰æ˵¼ֲ˶ʱˣһʮͻᱻ
ҶȥæסͷܶСߵĹСҲܿٴμսΧɱһͷܣѹʱСࡣ
Ҷʦ֣лСߣ˸յҶл˵
һ飬ʲôҶҡҡͷ
ҶС֣ͷɱࡣҪɱͷܣҲǶʱܰ쵽ġʢһ˿ڣӰ쵽ǵĶ
ɱ
ȥ϶˻ġԿսҡͷ˵
ԣҪȥǰɣЩ˵
ûҪҰæðȻ֣ɱ˽ܣս˭أƲƲ졣
ô˵浽ΣյʱǻֵġˣԸоǲģҲԸ⿴ʲôΣա
¯ͻȻһ
ܵһιǿÿϣȴһӣʱѪעɱûʱ˵ҩ
¯ԽԽĿһתȻ˺󷽵ľԺ;Ŀһð˳
־ôţ¼ֺ£¯һ䣬žԺ;˹ȻĽҲž޴һɽ¡¡Ľ˹
¯ʲô㿴һĻʱк
ʦ㣬ҲǶģûеǳһԿɣ¯Ц˵
ټһᣬҶɱͷܺ󣬾ȥ㡣㽹غ
ֻھߣڽܵ£һƶֵܵסԱȾᣬʵԶ羰¯ܴȥþ;
Ҽֲˣ¯ͷҲصغ
ߣޱȽ
һͷܲţû취æҴʱ¯ĽܾԶȫ׷Ҳ׷ϡ
ڸʲôܣ;һվɵһ㣬˫Ŀֺ
𣡡˵䣬Ÿ¯ĽܣѾ˾Ժ;Ľ
סͷҵˡ¯Ծ˺ȵ
ҳֵġ˵һ䡣
ôıϻˣϽֶԸͷ¯˫ۣ
ʵ¯ͲΪ;ܶԸܣԺ;ΪȡһЩʱ䡣
ûԾԺ;ΪԼȡһЩʱ䡣Ժ;ʵٲҪɱˣҲҪһЩʱ䣬Ҳüʱɡ⼸ʱ䣬㹻˵ҩ΢ָһԪˡ
˵һһʯ֮ƣΪԼȡһʱ䣬ܳԺ;һ˷õѧԺˡ
ڸ¯һŭ£ԳˣɫŽնɱȥ
𣡡
ܷ·ǸܵΣգȻֹס˫̧𣬾޴Ľɫ˫ͫԡ
ɣԿеͺȡ
Ѿ˽ܵ㣬ĵطǱӡ
ȻԾԵʵ۾Ҳ׻ɱܡʡһΪβʡһأͷŵĳɫ⣬˲Ϣ̴ܵıӡ
𣡡ܷһҽУȫ鴤
Ƭ̺󣬽ܵȥ
¯ֱסˣͻûӦԶֵʱǴϲģΪԳ֣ܵע϶ͻھϡѾ׼ȡ˵ҩˣͷ֣ܾȻֵĵȥ


336 ƻ꾧
Ϊλᵹز
¯ڵһʱڣû뵽ȥˡԣвʡ
ʲûг̫ʱ䣬ΪϾҲھߣܿ͸Ӧܵɢ˶Ѿһʬ塣
һɱ֮е㣬ɳһͬʱҲеޱȵ𾪡
ΪľᱻɱԵʣȻһͷɱҲһֱע¯ȥͷܡ
ˣԳնɱܣҲˣһµĳɫ⡣
ܣǱǳɫ⣬һɱġ
㣬ԡ
Ѿ֪ԾԲ֮ǰԣʵǿ󣬿³֧еκһˡΪ۷徳ߣҲ˵Լһնɱܣ
ף
Էһ˿
ܵϣһŹΣ𽥵ĸֳ
꾧
޵ڣһγɻ꾧ʺСڲ˻꾧ôͷ󣬻꾧ͻ뿪塣
꾧ڿвȶ̫ʱ䣬Ҫ죬֮ڡ
ͨɱޣõλ꾧ǰıʣӦһö꾧òġڣֳ˵ö꾧ֻ˵Եǳá
֧ӽԳڣҲնɱ˲ٵޣһö꾧ûг֡ԵһγնɱĶ޽ܣͷ˻꾧ȷʵǷǳ졣
ͨڲĻ꾧ͨ꾧޲Ļ꾧ǽƻ꾧
ƻ꾧Ǳͨ꾧Ӹ߼Ļ꾧
һѧԺ֮ڣһö߼꾧ֵʮѧԺ֣ǽƻ꾧羰ǰöͼƻ꾧ֵǳʮѧԺֵģܴﵽʮ֮ޡ

ţһ˽ʬԱߣƻ꾧һ֮ڡ
СӣʲôԵĶ¯Ŀһ䣬ȵ
¯ȻҲû뵽ͷڻ꾧Ե꾧ֺһʱ䶼ûзӦֱԽƻ꾧ʲô顣
ǿǽ޲Ľƻ꾧
˵ǽƻ꾧ˣͨĻ꾧Ҳø¯ۺ졣
һöƻ꾧ܵõǵܻٺѧԺĻ֣һ룬Ѫڣ
¯תĿ˸¯һۡ
СӣϿ콫ƻ꾧óǲӦȾָĶ¯ͳв˵
ԣЦЦ
¯ȻвԼ
¯ҵĶҲáҵĶҲЦЦ˵
ʲôǲĶǽƻ꾧ͷڲģͷҵģôĶ¯۾졣
¯ҪŪһ㣬ͷԳڵޡ֮ǰȻɱԲǽܶ֡ԣ㽫㵽ʲô⣬ʵ֪ҲüƽЩҶնɱ֮ǰѾѯʹ㣬ҪҳֵġҼȻɱ˽ܣϵһУȻͶҵġЦ˵
Ͳ¯в
֧еˣûһܶԾγв
¯ģҪֵĻҲ¡ֻҪ¯֣ͻԥĽնɱһѧԺԺߵѧԱɱҲɱˣ
ʲôɱ˽ܣ¯صĴϢš
նɱܵʱ򣬸¯Ǳŵģûпܵغ󣬲ûʶˡ
ȷϽΪԼá֮ǰɱʱҲڽϣ˲ٵ˿ڡãԼµЩ˿ڣ˽ܵı
˾Գ֣Գ˵ʲôԾԵʵܶԽʲô˺
㾰ãĶԽһ˺ҲԲǽĹؼ
˵¯ɱܵˡ
ȻɱĽܣ¯ĪΪͷ֮ģЦһ˵
˵˵ƾ㣬ҲɱܣСӣȰ㻹ʶһ㣬ȻɱҲƻ꾧Ӧģ¯ȫǽƻ꾧Ѿʧȥ˻ж
ԾԣצȫԪ
ó׼ҪԾԳ֡Բƻ꾧ǿֱܻɱԣ߽ƻ꾧
䣡
ʱ򣬾ԵϣһԪ͵ͷų
¯ͷųԪȾͷŵԪһ£һϣ߲ȡ
¯˲䣬͸ܵ˿µвȻЩʧȥǣɾûбɵӡܵԵԪ࣬ݺݵĳ鴤һ£ڵѪҺҲ˲Ϣȴ
ٿԵĿ⣬ѾǾη塣


337 սƷ
¯ɵˣ
ԵԪ̫ࡣԵԪŭôԼԪŭ֮еһҴ˫̫ˡ
¯ǾͷųԪҲ֪ȫɢ
ʱֻһͷתǾǣΪ֮ǿǿѹģûС
˿¯һתĿһս
ͷܣɱ֮⣬ϣѾ˺۳֡
ҶСֶԸһͷܣͷ˺ۼ࣬ҶСˣҲһЩơ
㣬Ҫҳ֣ԣѯʡ
ǣܿʹ
ڼ֮ǰԣ뵽Լ֮ǰԾԵ̬ȣЩԡټĸ˴ʱûΣգԲԥ
ѯʣȻ̲סˡ
ţӦһ󣬱ȥ
оԼ룬ͷܣܿ㶼նɱ
սϣͷӴʬ塣
˵һͷܲ˻꾧֮⣬ͷûл꾧֡
Կһ۽ʬ壬б˴㡣
Ѿõһöƻ꾧ô⼸ͷܵʬ壬˰ɡܵʬ壬ֵȻҲ󣬲ھ˵㲻ʲôͱ֧飬ȫߺˡ
뼰ˣԱ㿪ڡ
ȵȣ
ʱˮھԺ
ˮǰôˣת
ȱżˣ鿴һ£⼸ͷܵڣû޾ѪˮԾ˵
ޣ׷Ҳ޵ĺ࣬ǿ޾Ѫġֻǣʷǳ;ˡ
ѩնɱĽͷ޾ѪʱѩҲԾ¡
ˮôһ˵Ҳ΢΢һü
ˮǰҪ鿴޾ѪǲǵýЩܵʬ嶼ȥĻ᲻Щְüתʡ
ãֻҪڽϣתһ񹦼ɡ޾ѪܸӦóˮ
ȻҲҪжϣЩͼޣ̺޾Ѫļʷǳͣȳֻ꾧ļʻҪ͵öࡣ鿴һҲǻ£ҪʱġˮھԲ鿴֮ǰ˵
׻˵ϣԽʧԽ
áԵ
ʵϣҲû̫ϣޣڶδ޾Ѫ˵Щͼĺᡣ
ԣлл㣡ʱߵǰЩεĵл
С£԰ڰ֡
ɲС£ڣ֧飬϶˵ġϿҵ˵
˵ģһ㶼û
ͷܣ֧ܹȫӦ˵ġ
ԣ㵽ʲôΪҶ΢΢ЩϢ
Щˣ˾֮⣬ûһԻǺǿߡ
ɱ֮ǰѹͷ޽ֵʱǶûʶ
ǻȻף˼ҾԣȷʵȫʵǰӦͷܵĴڡЦǣǵʱΪȻþǺ
۷徳硣ЦЦ˵
㼸ˣȴʶü
Ϊ۷徳ߣҲöˡǣǻûնɱܵ۷塣
ʵôǿ㾹Ȼûǡ㿴װһŭ˵
ʦ㣬ҲûʰҲ΢Ц
ˣͻȻһԣ֣Ҿ;ЩϤû֮ǰѧԺ϶ýߣ
ýߣ
԰
һоԵ𣿡
һʱ䣬ҲֽҲ˵¡ý֣߳ǵڣеĴ¼ЩѧԺԺߵѧԱȻҲ˵
ֻǣҲû̫עϾԼǵһѧԺǺѧԺ
ԵʱǻþЩ죬˭Ҳûнľԣýϵһ
ԣͨý𣿡۾žʡ
ȷʵҡԵͷ
ѧԺϣֻһͨý
ǻ˵˵ͷôְɡ˿㼸˵
ԣ㣬֮жͷܵʬ壬㶼ɡ㵱˵
ôУͷܣǳҲܴ󰡣ҵĸ첲˺һӡ¯̾üңѾһöƻ꾧ջܴˣôܽջУ
¯Щη徰ԣ˵нܶ龰ԣ̲ס˳ԡ


338 Ϣ
ƻ꾧
Ҷˣһ㶣
ԻɱһͷܵʱҶ˲ûȻҲ֪һöƻ꾧¯ôһ˵Ƕһ
Ҷǻ֪ɣղɱͷܣһöƻ꾧Ըˡ˵ӦҪ⼸ͷʬ𣿡¯˵ľ֮ɫЦЦ˵
ԣü˸¯һۡ
¯ұ죡ЩŭĽȵ
ǲԼͷԵģܱնɱ㻹˵ɱͷܣҪǾԣܶڽ֮ˣǿ̵ġ
ҶˣʵҲ֪¯ɱһͷܡ֮ǰкʱֲӣ֪ʲô顣
ƻ꾧ҵģûʲôֵأҲóָǡ۾ͷʬ壬չƽķ䷽Ļһ룬ҲӦҵġ
Կżˡ
ˣ첻˵
Ҳ֪˵ʵɱ⼸ͷܣȻ࣬˼ʵǿӲҪѽܶУ
ȿ˵ɡŽʬ߹ȥ
ˣĿžԣǲ֪˵ȿ˵ʲô˼
ֻԽڽӴϡ
΢΢Ŀתһ񹦡
ˮǰ˵ģֻҪתһ񹦣޾ѪܸӦʲôҲˮǰ˵Ӧ޴Ͷˡ
ûʲôо
ҡҡͷջء
תһ񹦵ʱûκĸо
ڶͷʬ塣
ǰһһһͷܣҲûԴʲôĸо
ͷͬˣ
޾Ѫȷʵܺи̾
ҲǣҪ޾Ѫ̫ѩҲ˵Ļ
һͷʬ߹ȥ
ûʲôϣ˵ҲûʲôʧԲ鿴һҲ˴š
Եƣڵͷܵʬϣһ񹦿ת
ˣ
ɲǼ䣬һɰϢԲ
ԣɫ΢΢һ䡣
ǡԸܵͷܵڣƺһֿµ־ְϢǳĿֲɱ֮дű塣
־һߣͻȻϢ»ŵõڵأ
ɣѵôɣˣ۾ԲĿо˸
Ҳ֪޾Ѫʲôԣδǣǰͷܵʬ壬Ȼǰͷͬǰͷʬ壬תһ񹦣ûκηӦһͷȴ쳣
ͷʬû޾ѪһǿȷģǾͷʬ壬Էͬһ㣬쳣֮
Ժһջء
תĿˡ
ɣͷʬ壬ֻҪһͷͷʣµͷǵĶˡ˵ţֱӽǰĽʬ
Ҫˣʲôơ
֪ˣԼĽʬзͬһ֮Ҳν
ھԵʵǰûҪ˷ʱ䣬һЩС
ˣһۡ
ǲ⾰ԸղŵĶʲô⣬Ҳδɱ޺󣬻޵ʬϡ
ȻףҲûʡܾʲô壬ǶǾԼ飬޹ءǺˣԿҲǡ
¯ԵĻɳһ
ҪǿеĽʬ壬Ҳ޿κΡ϶ûӣӾʬġ˵ͷܸǣѾǺŴˡ
ԣͷʬ壬㶼ɡ˵
˵Ҫʬ壬Ǽٵġκ£һȣҪǾԣôղűضḶصĴۡ
أͷʬ壬˵ʲô岻󣬸ǰɡ԰ڰ֡
˺΢΢һ١
ͷʬ岻Ǿͷʬأѵͷʬ壬֮
ǣ⵽ʲô֮
ˣҲ֪ڣһʴ޾Ѫġ򲻿뵽ˣֻҪϷһʱ䣬ȷ޾Ѫڻǲڡ
ң޾Ѫⶫ̫ˡЩˣɱ˵޾Ѫǻ꾧Ƕû
ɣûأץʱɡЦЦ˵
ʦ㣬Զô˵ˣͱĥˡ¯Ĵߴ˵
ðɣ˵ͷ
Ƕ֮Уʵǿˣɱ޵ԴڻصѧԺ֮ǰܵġ


339 Ҫ
Լ֧ĿģΪĸ¯һᰵ㾰
ʵϾԵĿҲȷʵ֤ˣǾô죬ܿڱ¯ͷצ֮¡
Ծʵסһ
ȻԼջǳԤϵġ
û뵽ܹ֮лýƻ꾧ûϵõ̺޾ѪĽʬ塣һԳ֮еջ񣬿˵Ƕھ˵ҲǷǳܡ
ȷʵͷʬҲν̬ȣͬ⽫ͷʬʵȻҲõЩ޵ʬ塣
ԣлˡٴζԾԵл
Կ˿㣬΢Цڰ֡
Ŀ⣬ɨһһ
ˣԿ
˵ˣˣɫ΢΢һ䡣
ǲδ˿ڼʶԵʵȻٻɾԵĻ
ԳѧԺѧԱһ㶼Ƚ϶࣬ԵѧԱҲǱȽ顣
Ȼ䱸Ҳûٴе̬
Ƭ̺󣬴У߳Ӱ
ѧԺˣ˵
߹ˣһѧԺѧԱΡ֮УԣһŮԡ
ѧԺģ
֮УΪ׵һˣޱȣɨһۣ˫Ŀʡ
ǺѧԺġӦ˵
ղƺɱ԰ɣأѧԺУΨһŮߣ˿ܣ𺡣
ܻսĺۼǳԡ
ѧԺߣȻ֪˾Ե֮ǰɱˣڽܲˣ֪϶ǱĶˡ
ѾǵĶɱӦ˵
ɱˣѧԺΪһ㣬Ǽ˷ֵĽܣôǵĶôѧԺѧԱ۸𣿡
˵ͷ
ղ˵ҲȽº͡˲䣬ͱ÷ǳ׺ݣͱˡ
ԶãЩɵۡ
⼸˳ֺ󣬾Ծ;⼸˿ܲ⣬Щ쵰ٶ֮󣬾Ҳǰզࡣһ㣬ԼǺġ
Ƿֵģնɱġλʦ֣ô˵Ľأü˵
㵱ȻҲ֪ԷֻһڣԷĿģҪԼߵõܵʬ塣
ٸ˵ôϻǽȷֵġӣֻ΢ȥ֪ͨ˹ɱܣͱȡڣҸָһ·ߣܽȻ̹ǵߡǾҪȫӣɭɭ˵
䣡
ºϢȻһȫԪӿ
һϢԪڿռڳ⡣ԱͬĴ߶ԪһʱƬռڣǷӿ
ڸܵѧԺѧԱʵˣɫ΢΢ס֪ѧԺˣԶ۷徳ߣǿöࡣ
㣬ʶĿ˿ԡ
֮ûоԵĻΪ˱ס϶ֻѾõˡǽ첻֮ͬоԴڣͨýߣԷȫ۷徳ߣҲδûһս֮
ֻǣԲû񱣻ǺѧԺˣ˵ֻҪ߾һˣûҪΪƴɱ
㣬ҲûʸȨҪʲô
ԸоĿ⣬תͷЦһ¡
󣬾Աǰ߳˼
һʱ䣬ߵĿ⿴ԣѧԺǱߵˣĿҲۼھԵϡ
ǵǣԲˣҪֻܽܽˡѧԺǱߵˣЩ档
ΪǶԷͷ죬ڶԷУһĶʮҵͻȻ߳ʲô˼
˵Ĺע㣬ھϡ
ԣ΢ЦѧԺ֮еĴߡ
˵ĻϸˣһֶҪ©Ա˫֣ĿӶԷ΢Ц˵ţҪˣ̴ǰʧסʱڻҵڣһɱǡ
ԵĮ˵
ԲɱˣȻѧԺûʲôøУҲ˵ѧԺ˶ǻˡ
ˣԲǺˡ
ɱ˽ܣˣʵҪж߽ܡˣϧǻţֻøܵѹ
Ծ˵ģ滰ѧԺˣֻʱ뿪ԵߣʱǻǵҲ͵ˡ
ԵĻǣһ㶡ǾͿЦ
Ǳвˣһʮҵ߸вˡֱЦߣȻ˵ֻʱ뿪ȻҪɱǡ

ôȤ
ȷʵ˼þöûôûӵˡ
ʱ䣿ǲ뿪ɱǣðɣСӣҲʱ䣬ʱӴܣʱҾͻ׷ɱ㣬ϣã׷ϡ
ѧԺļˣЩĿžԡ
һˣԲǣǱ˫֣ʱ䡣
ѧԺˣ΢΢һ㶡ǻһۣãƺǿЦӡôҲ˵Сѵ⣿
ѧԺˣЩžԡˣͬ޷ɵ
ȻԲûжǵ˼ɾ˵ĻҲ̫һЩԷ۷徳߰Ե˼ôԷ۷徳ߣ߹һأ
ˣԼ
ԪѾ΢΢ת
СӣװŪˣȻҾŪ㣡ѧԺеһˣ͵Ĵ𣬻Ӷžɱȥ
Ӱһ˸һ㣬ɱܿ۷ߵĹ
ѧԺ۷徳ߣٿԣĿЩ
ԼʵǷǳŵġղһȻȫԸĹҲ߳ɵǣߣȴɾͱܿȥ˿ӡ
߼ˣɫҲһЩ
ˣ
ȻѡҲֻóȫǡĿһ߶ԪȻͷųѸݳ貵ĳɫŷڿռ֮ڡ
ãߣߣʱȻʶȥֻжʮҵʵжôĿֲ
ಣಣ
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˦һƬɫ⣬Ѹͷˡ
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뾰ԵĹǵĵֵ̫ˡɫĽ⣬׾ͽǵֵܻǵ
ˣͬʱ
ӾԳֵ˱նɱҲͲһʱ䲻ӡһʱԱնɱѧԺ۷徳ߡ
˶ˣǻ׼ŰﾰһѵġǣǵδѧԺ۷ߣѾˡ
ʱ򣬳ɫâɢǵԺأһĲſɫâ龰ֽâ̫ˣ
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Ӱ˵ǵĿռָ
뾰һ֧飬ȷʵǴΪסߵĿռָڣвٵĽޣͷĽʬ塣
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һռָڵĽʬ嶼ȡ˳һ鿴޾Ѫڡ
գʧҡҡͷЩޣûһͷо쳣Ҳ˵Щ޵ڣ޾Ѫڡ
㣬Щ޵ʬ壬ǰɡԶ㿪˵
ˣЩûлع
ղſһѧԺ۷ǿնɱʵ̫ˡ󣬾ԵʵжǿһնɱˣûжȫӣǴȥˡ
ǵȻ֪Իھʱ򣬾۷徳ɱ۷߻۷徳ʵǿġ񣬾Ѿ۷徳磬龳ǮնɱѧԺͨ۷ߣôӵùе𽣡
ԣ㡭˵ʲô˾ԵĻһûӦ
ϵĽʬ壬ֵɲ١ͷĽޣͼֵˣ˵гʮͷ޺ͺܶһޡ
ЩޣˡɺüѧԺ˰ɣЦЦ˵
ԣǺˬʱ򣬸¯ľԵƨ
һնɱѧԺǿߺ󣬲ˡ
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ţ˱ɽȥ

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Ժ;л˵ȻܵԶԶģǾ澰Ժ;˵һЩʲôҲûǸӿ͵
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Ȼʶռָ˼ǣռָʲôԣûһռָɣ
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ңЩҩԶƷʵġ
΢΢ŵĿžԡ
ռָڵҩļֵˣټֵʮĺѧԺ֡
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Ʒʦҩ˵ʲôϵĵҩȸĶöࡣЦ˵
סһ˫Ŀŵ鿴žԡ

ڽǺ󣬾Ժ;ֿˣҲԸ
֮󣬾ԻصһѧԺһɽ֮ϡ
ʹߣԿԼסķǰƽ̨ϡ
˼΢΢һʹߣΪԼ֮ϣԷƺѾһʱӡ
Īǣʲôⲻɣ
˲䣬ԵԺоתͷд£Լһʱ䡣
ԣˣ㣬Ϊ긱ԺҪ㡣ԣ΢ЦЦԼ⡣


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Ļɫ˲һ䡣
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ԽģԵ㡮ͻͻֱ
ڶٳǵʱٰҹɱֵ׷ɱǷ־֮ǰѧԺ̷ƻǷֱӳ̷֣ĸľϬնɱ
ǣԿˣ꿴ԼʱǴźҪ˵Ů˶Լ飬ǾԾԲšҪΪΣǾԾԻΪԼ֮ǡ
ڣʹҪԵȻš
ʹߣ긱ԺΪҪңʶʡ
ҲǺԺǽȥʲô飬ûж˵ҡͷǸ˵
Ŷ
֪ˣȥԺˡԵ˵ͷ
ô˵궼ǿ϶ҪȥġƲ⣬ԼӦûʲô⡣ĳɣҪΪЩη巽꣬˼˵
ԣһЦЦ
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ԾԵ̬Ǻܿģ̬ȣҪΪ뷽ĹϵǾʵǿĿþնɱ龳ǮΪδ̤龳Ӿԡ
һˣɽƽ̨פһᣬҲ뿪壬ŷסɽȥ
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ԶԶģͿһϮɫȹķꡣ
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΢΢̧ͷԿѾ˫ĿԼ
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ãض֪ԼˡԼɽʱ򣬷ض֪ĵ
Ҫ뿪һʱˣԺԼչ˺Լɡ꣬ʵƶˣĪ˵һ䡣
˫üȷʵЩⷽ仰˼
˫üҪ뿪һʱˣԺԼչ˺Լ
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仰۾ʱԲ
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ҹ֯Ǽصģ֪֯ܲʲôλáһЩϵǳӴһ˶밵ҹֱȡϵ
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ң껹׷鰵ҹ֯Ѿȡ˺ܴչ֪ҹ֯ǵ֮ڡ
Ǿ֪ǵһУȻȲǣȶٳǵСҪܶࡣ
Ժƺҵ飬˽⣿̲סˡ
ӷ˵ĻΪӦһֱߡǣȴ֪Ҳûʶ
ԣ㻹Сʱڣʮʱ䣬һֱ߹ע㡣˵ͷֱӳϡ
Ŵͣ˼Ŀŷꡣ
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ԣסˡ졣֪˵Ļġ
ֱ
һֱΪǬܣԼˮ֮⣬û֪Լ⿪Ǭӡڣıŵˡ
꣬Ȼ⿪Ǭӡ֪
ԼϷ飬֪
㵽ʲôˣ·ãԲźݺݵĺһɫѿŷ꣬ͳʵ
˭֪ԼߣһԼ֪һֱעԼ¶һӵȻĽܡ
ԣҵݣڻܸ㡣ʵǿ֪ġҡҡͷֱӡ
˵ģֱ˵˵ģҲֱӶԾ˵ܸ㡣


341 ˿ɵ
겻Ը˵Ҳһ취ûУʵһָѧԺľϬǿ˶ֱŪҪ˵ڵľԱľϬ˵кܴĲࡣ
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УҲ㣬㻹ȽϺá뿪ӰͻȻֶסת壬ҡҡͷƽ˵һ䡣
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343 ׽
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ɫʱǺΧ·һźɫĻȼա
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ҲΪ½ˣ궼׼뿪ˣû뵽ͻȻһתָͷһ㣬ͽȥɱˡ
֪ҪɱҲҲס׼Ҳסľ磬Ҫ߳ܶࡣ
ˣɫЩס
ڳڶѧԺ߲ʵǿö࣬ûһţܵסֵһָ
ˣˣŹ˵ͷӰһնȥ
գʱ󣬷Ӱʧ
ֻѧԺˣ췢飬ÿһˣһӶǡ
̫ˣǸŮ˵ʵ޷ֻ֪ǸŮǰûжȫǸŮ˵ľ磬һӣ޷֪ˡ
Ժˣô𣿡
һλѧԺĳϣú
˵أһۡ
ɫ˺ڣû˵һ仰

֮塣
Դ뷽ص壬һֱڱչȲطҲѾһĳЧ
һգ뿪壬뿪һɽ
սӣˡյյԼҪսġ
Ȼ˵£Ҳȷ굽ʲô˼һս᲻СȷǾͲܲᣬȥ˵
һսǾҲ޷ǿս
ԣ
ԸյԺ顣
ԺԶ
ţʱû㣬ʵƺֽ˲١ЦЦ˵ԼоԵϢǰַһЩ仯Ҳȷǲͻ˾ԣֻ˵ƺֽ١
СҲЦЦ
Ҫȥʡ
ȥԼʱ䵽ˡ˵
仰С죬һЩûӦ
ԣ㲻ȥˡ꣬źһ˵ѧԺѾˣԼҲûˡ
ˣ۾һɡ
˼תԻȻף˵Ҫʲôʽˡ
ˣǱ긱ԺɱģѧԺԺڶ೤ϵ档п˵
շ飬ѾȥˡϾĿ̵ˣкܶࡣѧԺЩ߲ﲻ˵ЩԺѧԱ϶ǻὫϢȥġԣǣ֪ѧԺ֮ڱɱ
ĻþԵֱ
̫ɴˣ̫ˣ
꣬Ҳ̫ɾˣ
˼ѧԺɵѧԺ߲档
ԣʵǲ֪˵ʲôˡ޷뵽ּ򵥴ֱķʽ¡
뷽Ը¶˵ĺѹɣǷǳף˶ˣô뾰Ծս
ԣˣͲȥˡԵϱ飬֪֮ǰ϶֪Ѿˡ
šԵ˵ͷԺǷ긱ԺأɱѧԺˣѧԺ˻ûκαʾ
긱ԺһֱûѧԺˣȷʵûκα˼һʱ䣬ǵĸ߲ûһ¶ġǺǣǿ϶Ҳ˰Ҫǿԣշ긱ԺҲ߳ѧԺˡ΢Ц˵
꣬ǵһѧԺĸԺ
飬ĳ̶ֳϣҲ˵һѧԺ綼֪һѧԺĸԺޱȣѧԺɱ֮ڵһѧԺ˵ҲǺܳ顣
ŶɬģӦһ
֪ӦѾ뿪ǵˡշȥӦþĵ𡣿֮ĺܳһʱǻزˣԺʱҲֻԼ


344 һ֮
ƽӣúܿ졣
תۣӾԼһѧԺǹһʱ䡣
һʱԵΪҲȲﵽ۷ļޣ龳ֻһ֮
ʱ䣬ԻϾڵһѧԺʦЭ֮䴩żģҲȥܹܸĽͺѧԺ
ȥһΣһЩԴæԴ͵ٳǾңﾰʵ
ϻܵԴѾﵽһǳֲ֡Ȼľ޴󣬿ԴٶȣҪԶٶȡ
ҲǴﵽһ˵ĵزѾƳһȵҩҲʹţӵ˵ĳƺţ
ڽطº󣬾ֶһһֽסططҪΪ߼
׵Чãѧ
Եʥ⽣Ҳʹﵽ˼ѧĲΡ
֮һʱԵĸ棬гĽǣս
Ȼ۷徳ûн龳սѲǵҪսʱɱˡ
һĵ龳ھߣھǰһ
ʵϣڰǰѾﵽ۷ļޣԳͻƽܾûǷȱһʲô
ΪָоԲһֱѹԼľ磬ûȥͻơǿѹƣڵľԣ̤ĵ龳ˡ

СѣЩӣûˡ
ܹܸĽЦ뾰˵
ҲûãǰһܹܴءЦ
ǺǡĽһЦ
ˣмҪ˵Ľһ¡
ԿĽ졣
ٳǣһЩ⡣ٳǳ⣬ҵõһЩ鱨ڶٳƺЩҡĽ˵
ʲôһ
ӽһѧԺ֮󣬾ԾûټĽͻȻȷʵЩԾ
Ľ˵⣿ʲô˼
ԣ֪ǶٳģļҲڶٳǡԣҲŶһ¡ʧˡһǺֻȺ˵һ£и׼Ľҡҡͷ

ĽȻû˵̫ϸҲ뵽ûٳǣǶٳǿ϶һƬҡڶٳǣԼһǲܶġлڣԼҲҷɻʧˣԼһ̲
ңΪλͻȻʧ٣棬ͬźܴ⡣
ͻȻʧ٣ԼҿֱܶӵĹϵ˵ԼҴе
ĽܹܣǶٳûεĳ𣿡˿ʵ
ûµٳǽΪƫƧϢŸոմҪ˽⣬ԿûµĳżҵǷǳԾż峤ҲμˣƺƼһٳǵĳѡĽ컺˵
⻰ЦЦ
żң
ٳԼҵıɽżҡ
Ľԣãʧ٣ԼҡżѲ˸ϵ
ӾɱԼ峤ԵԪĶʱ֪ԼҾԲưոݡڿԼѾжˡ
¾ңڷǳļѡ
뿪ٳǵʱ򣬾Ȼõ˶ٳĴ֮еУõԴǣʱϾ̣ҪԼңǲһġ
ڻʧˣԼһûԾҶ֣
ĲɵĽǺ󣬾뿪ܹܸûٻصһѧԺֱŶٳǸȥ
ԾڵΪôﵽڶε֮ǵٳǣõʱ䣬Ҳȳ೵١
ʱ󣬾Ծ͵˶ٳ֮⡣
϶ңݣ붫ٳǡ
ûֱӻصլԺȥСĻԻ͵¥֮С
Ի͵¥֮⣬ͷҵľԣվס
磬ӦǻԻ͵¥õʱ䡣ڣԻ͵¥ȴŽգûӪҵļ
ĽֵϣһЩƷߣʱľԷ֣ЩƷߣǾҵĻԼҵĻ
ˡӡ
УǾҵĲҵڽֵѲӵĻҲӦǾһŶԡǣԼҵĻȴֶǣһӰӡ
Ի͵¥ֻڣԵ΢һЩ飬ƺûзչʰĵزȻԻ͵¥ӦûΪһƬŶԡ
Լ޵ˣԡԻ͵¥ԵĲҵԼһԼ뾰ս˵ĻԼӦȻٵԻ͵¥޲ŶԡԻ͵¥ڣ˵ԼҺ;廹ûȫ濪վ


345 ٳ
Կ˿ĳ֣˸յ¥ǰ
ˣ
š
ڻԻ͵¥Ӫҵ洫һ
һǳԾ֮ڡ
壬ң΢

¥֮ڣȻһһƬ󼱴ٽŲӽűߡ
Ǿ𣿡ź󣬾ǵִȻǾԵΪ˱ֳȷʡ
ҡԵ
֨£ţ
һζ뵽¥֮ڣæ¥ķŹرա
Ŀһɨǿ֮ڶԻ͵¥ԱڣڣҵһЩҪҩʦҲ
ԣҲԼͷϵĶõ
ԣôͻȻˣǼĿžԡ
ˣҲһ۾Щ졣ʱ䣬ǵȻ̫ù
ҵõϢǲʧˣתĿ˵
ţѾʧٳһˣһʼ±ܣϢǱԼ˴ٳǶȽϻңԼҺͲ̼˼壬ֱ޶
ԣѾԼȥˡǾҵУҲò˶ãͻΪԼҵĲҵҵ⡣һŭ
ʲôüʡ
ڻصٳ֮ǰԾͶԶٳǵй׼
ںܼѣȻҺּ˹ϵԶԼҡ̼Ҷ֡һʱ䣬˫йٵĳͻ˲أ̾Ϣһ
壬ղ˵ѾԼҶȥˣԼңûǻԻ͵¥֣ԶԴ˵Щ֡
ǵ¥һûжӪҵˡʼʱԼҺ׼ǵ¥ƽģ֪ʲôԭԼҸı⡣Լڵ˼ϣԻ͵¥ΪԼҵĲҵü˵
ЦЦԼ˵ǲɵԻ͵¥һ۱裬ǽԻ͵¥УԶȻٵԻ͵¥öࡣ
壬ǳڵأĿ
ڴҲܲãʧ٣Ҳ޷ƶٳˡȻļӻڣѾʩѹңˣҪ˼Ѱҳ档ǵϢǱȽͨġ
ް΢һ¡٣ԾһֱҲǵݶ顣ʧ٣һʱҲûа취̽Ƕ٣ԻҪ
ԣǸô찡ұ쳣ء
ԿңȻ֣ҵͷвٶˡ
ҵͣȷʵȾԴһЩҲʹѡ£Ҳܻа׷һ֮ǰ뿪ʱ򣬾һͷ˿ġ
һʱ䣬ҵѹȷʵ̫ˡ
ǻһЩȻѹӦ󣬿ϾǾ˵ˣ֪εѹ
žҴسһŵ˫üҲɽ˽
Ը磬Լ˷ųǲԻ͵¥ǾͲҪԻ͵¥ΪƽأҪȫ棬ҧ촽˫ȭ
һٵѹǳ
ղżԳ֣Ƕܿģܼ
Ҳ֪㾰ԻˣҲ졣ٳǣԼҵ¡ȻĿǰ˵һûбƽжףұҲǳ顣
Լ֮Իûж֣ΪԼһûȫסٳǵľ档
ٳǲĴ壬гдССʮЩȥȷʵΪǡЩҪһҲһɲСӵ
ԣԼҲ£ЩСաӲʩ뾰һޡսҺּ壬ȫԼұضͻԾҶˡңԼҿ϶ưոݵġԼңͽΪسĶ
ԣٳǵѾǳգ޷ıˡҿ罫Ի͵¥Ǩߣ뿪ٳ˵ԼĿ
Щ죬Ի͵¥˲ڣһȺ¥ĹԱҲţǲǽԻ͵¥Ǩߡ
Ի͵¥ֵǮʲǵ¥ǵ¥ڵҩʦʹҩЩǿתƵġ
ǵ¥ڵԱǺܶ࣬Ϊ㣬뿪ٳҲǿеġǼ˵Ȼмƻˡ
ûлôƻҲһھͻʵС
ʱ䲻ˣȥԼȫԻ͵¥֮Ҳˡ
Ը磬˵ǵҪô죡ھңѾṩˡһĶȻҲǰ࣬ܶһˡ


346 ͽ
һеˣžԡ
Ի֮ǰԾհھԻˣȻǾ¥˵㡣
ͬǨƵ¥ھҪ׼ˡǽϣĵķɢǱٳȥ
ԣתĿߴ˵ӹ
λԿˡ
˴ʱȾأǻڻԻ͵¥Ҿԣܸм
ǵҳϣĵĸжǣҾԣҾҲǡ
Ե˵ⷬ
Щ˵ʱ򣬶ûѡ뿪Ի͵¥ǵģѾҪ׸ˡ
Ի͵¥ҩʦҪǩһЭ飬ٳǶˣ˭ںЭԼѳԻ͵¥Լҡ̼ҵҩ϶ǻӭǵļ룬Ի͵¥ҩʦҩˮƽٳǶġڳҩʦȴûԻ͵¥
ЩˣҲ㣬úֻҪ츳㹻ԾҪΪʦ
Щ˻Ի͵¥ҩʦԣҲһҳˡ
Ի͵¥ǨڣǨԻ͵¥ܻὫܲǨǣ϶ڣҲΪܵԼҵвȡԣ΢Ц˵˾
ԡǵˣɻžԡ
壬ѾˡԶԾǼ˰ڰ֣ҾԣһԻ͵¥ҲԼ֮ǰ뿪ٳǡ
飡
ʱ򣬵¥ķţһ졣
꣡
ţһѿһԪ
ǵɫһ䡣
ԣɫҲͬʱִϣھͱԼ֪صٳˡ
Ӱ˽
ǣ㵽׿ǺûУһͷ
꣡ҧ
֮УΪ׵ģԼˣǾҾꡣԭǾҴϣΪԵĹϵҰ˴ϵְ
ǣ˵ҲᡣȰ㣬ʵʵԼҿΪãҪȻԻ͵¥סСҲһסЦ˵
ͽŭһ
꣬㲻ǲʶôߣҪҴСûˡӵСһס㲻жͰˣңĿ⣬ΪҪҰ˵Լ˻ôʱ𣿡
ˣϻ˵ǸĻᡣڣ̻شң㵽״ôҲѻ˵ˣǹ˳ԼңǾͻǲ˳Լң·һÿ˶Ҫڴ֮лص
ǵˣɫס
ŶҵľԣɫҲǳѿȻѾѾˣھԼҵһһԼ˵ҧ˵Ĺ
ƥ벻һʱû㣬ͳԼҵĹˡ˵Լҧ˶ˣԣЦ˵һ仰
ţĿһȺУҵ˵ľԡ
ʲôˣȵ
ʲô˲Ҫ㾰ʲôˣŶý㾰ˣӦýԴɣԼҸĹͷǲǸ𣿡Цһ˵
ɶһȣҪֻɱԡ
ͻȻĶͣ˫ĿԲžԡ
Ǿԣ꣬˾Ե
ȻԵòԾԵǺϤģղһʱûӦǾԵ
ƥ㾹ҵһЩ⡣ЦЦ
С벻㻹һ·㲻ߣŴȻˣͱˡٳǣ֮أ˻
ԾԣǺ֮ˡ
ԲӾʧȥҴϵְɺ⣬ûһǡ
Ǳ˾ҴϵְҲױѾҡ
һУǰݾ͡ʱ޿̣Ūԡֻϧʱڶٳǵʱûл֡ȥǣ͸ûлˣԵ涼̸ɱԣ
ڣԾȻǰ͵Ļᡣ
ĿĿź⡣
ɱɱǣһֱ꣬һӣԼһǿߺȵ
ЩԼһǿߣԼҵľӢΪȻ죬Ҳ쾳֮¶εǿߡ
ȻΪԵĳ֣겻ٸǵ˻ˣҪԻ͵¥ȫɱ
ͽ·ֻһߣǾ·꣬㱳Ѽһ˾עˡգұնɱͽ˵䣬Ҳˡ


347 ɱ
ɱˣ
ǵˣŵĺܣЩ׼ɱԻ͵¥ˣҩǾǶġսͲ̫ˡǾڣҲΪ⻹Ϊһʱдҩʹġ
ˣս͸ˣ
ȫɱڣ
ͣԼΪͬʱ˳
겻ԼˣԼҵλĲ͡ھߣǾѱˣںܶĽҪԼ˳á
ԣԼҸ߲ԾΪء
ЩԼҵľӢҲǳӾ
˻
гɫһ
ʱӯɫĽâȾ˺ɫ
ҷЦ
ǰĻ£󾰴㷢һҽС
Գ֣ҲͳˡǣӦʩչĽ֮гܺһӾͽסˡ
ֱ֮ͱâ
ھھǰ꺢ͯҲûʲô
ǼԼҵľӢҲоԾŤͷһʱŵûɢ
ʵҲ֪ʲôˡ
һ֮ǰڶٳǵͺܴԼ峤֮ھУÿһԼˣ֪ԵĴЩӢҲ˵ԣô뵽һʱ󣬾Եʵǿܹɱĵز
ʱǲʶжǿǣʶһ㣬Ѿˡ
ڳɫâûκִͣЩԼһ
ӾԳ֣һʱ䣬ԼҾӢ㾡Աɱ
⣬Ǿ޷뵽ġ
ǵˣҲǰһĻ֪ʵԲŸ𾪡Եǿ̫̫ˡ
ͽԿ˾ʬһۡ
ԣʲô簡ǣګګһ䡣
۷塣ЦЦ˵նɱ龳ڵߣ
仰þǵˣ˲Ϣס
նɱ龳ڵǿߣ
찡
龳
ٳǣҲû龳ǿ߰Ŀǰֳ±֪ĵ龳ҲǼ˶ѡȴ˵Լնɱ龳ڵǿߣ˵Եʵڵ龳֮ϣ
ǵһʱ䣬˼ά͡Ƭ̺ǵĿж˸𾫹⡣ǿʵôҲ˵һ֮УҲδûκηصˡ
ǵʱˣΪ˵Ի͵¥ǨˣʵԼԸԺ;ңҲͲôˡԼңҲֻ峤ԵԪǵ龳ǿߣҽֻǵ龳ڶѡ
壬Ի͵¥ʱڣҪؾլԺԶԾ˵
ãԣҲҪСġǶ˵
󣬾뿪Ի͵¥
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бԼ¿ƣǹ϶ҲԼˡ
ԼһûзӦ;ɱһЩԼ˰ɡš
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վס
ʲôˣôй
ϿվסȻǶˣвٵԼһ
ƽʱƽ˾ʱһеĹᱻ尲ŲٻѲأ˵ǽʱ̣ԼеĻȻǺܶࡣ
ֹԼһھЧǰ׺ݵԡ
ۣɫԵԼһ˲
ڣʱ
ˣ˴ˣ˴

Ų˷
ʱ󣬾ԣͱʮԼһΧ
ʲôˣ˴󵨣ҴԼҷйɱˣ
ʱһɫ۵ߣ˳ߣԼҵĴϣҲԼʵǿĳ֮һΪ۷徳硣
ԼλϣԼУƿеˡ
ţԼҴϿǼھԽµԼһϵ˺ۣӶʱһص
⼸״룬ԷʵԲʵǿɻɱЩԼһ
µʲôˣΪβĿʾˣԼҴϣŴŶҵľԣͳȵ
ǲĿʾˣǣûʸժ¶ҡǷЦݣ˵
ǺǣºôĿһ֪ΪҪԼҷйĪǸԼг𣿡ԼҴ񣬶žԣ·Ҫ͸ϵɴ徰Եĳࡣ


348 
ԼҴϣ۷徳ߡ
ٳ֮УȴǼλ龳Ŀǿߣһеһ
ʱԴͷɫҵߣûмų֣ҪŪ˵ݡ
ĿǰĶٳǣȻԼǽȫƿأδոսһ̡ΪԼҴϣǲϣؼ֮ʱٳµıʡ
Լҷй
ЦɱУھңʲôʱΪԼҲҵˣ˵ԼˣƤ񣬹Ȼ鴫Ц˵
£Ȼ㲻ԸⱨԼݣôֻܶҸ漸仰ڵĶٳǣѾǰĶٳǡǴˣӦ÷ֵƣԼΪУضһ³Ҳ֪ҸٺôԸԼңұ֤ԼҿԸӾҵõ˫𡣡ԼҴϣͨ뺣ֺա
ǿϧҲǴˡԼҵı꣬Ҳ޸ܡ΢Цҡͷ
һҪԼΪˣԼҴϵɫҲȫ
ϣʡǣעһвôΣҪвɱҡ֮С
֣ԼҴһ̣÷ǳɴࡣ
֮ǰȻɱԼҲٻܸı˳Լң뿪ٳǣԼҴ϶׼뾰ɱΪԼܸоԵʵǿ
ԼȻھƵĵλҲĵˣҪǣŪԵݣͼȰ˵ԡ
ڿԲܸı⣬һҪԼΪˡôΨнնɱһѡˡ
䣡
Ļڵõϵ󣬼ͬʱǷ˶ԾԵĹ
ԼڶٳǶռͷʱ䣬Ϊһ龳ߡԼҵĵ̣ȷʵҪȾöࡣ˵ЩԼҵĻȾҵĻǿֹһΣҲࡣ
۵Цǰһ̤
ȫԪ糱ˮһӿ񱩵ܣ˷ȻԪûκεѧ̺УǿµԽѹɷĩ

ʮ̬ͬɶÿ˵ĿУѪֻһаĻʣµһȻûҲȫʧȥս
ʲôԼҴϣޱ𾪵ĵɴ۾
ԤϵԵʵǿûԤϵԵʵ֮ǿֺ嫵ܣֻԼ峤ԵԪϸܵ
ѵ˵ͷҵߣǵ龳ǿߣ
ңǾҵԮ֣
ôܣңѾɽҲûʱˡôͻȻ֮䣬ֳһ龳Ԯأ
µʲôˣԼҴϣЩЪ˹һ̣ʼЩңҲ޷ƽ
ˣҪ֪ࡣԼҴ̤
Уһ˸𡣳ɫ𽣣˲Ϣ֡
£ԼΪУԲǵѡ񡣼ǵ龳ߣҲעֻ·һԼҴϣȫ۹ĶԪתҪסӭĿѹǣδ뾰ϵϢײڽڰˡ
ಣ
ڣԼҴϳܲסǲƽĿѹˣҪ֪ԼǶԷĶ֣⣬ǲӣɡ
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ɫĽâڿռγһɫӣԼҴϵ塣
ɫɨкԼҴϵڿоҵĲգʱӿе䣬ĳ鴤ѪҺӿڱ֮ӿ
۾ѵתӿԡ
ԼҴϣҲ벻Լô硣Լң峤֮ǿļ֮һԼҪԵ벻֮£֪ɱˣ˭
ԼҴϵϣٵʧһ˫ǲʵĶžԡ
ԣ𽣣صʬԱĬĬ߶һ񹦣ԵصڶԼһδȥˣ󲻶ϵһԪ
ԣҪˣɱ
ǵգͻɱྰӵܡ
Ƭ̺֮ڣ˾֮⣬һڡ
ԣ̾һ뿪˹žլԺȥ
լԺ֮УһƬ㺣š˵ͷһ޷͸
ҵ֮ڣĸ߲ÿ춼ۼһ£ŶԲߣѰڼٵȷѪдãᡣ


349 ҽ
լԺǰгʮĻ
ƽʱһҲͰǰȴйʮլԺǰɼյĽš
źɫҵľԸսӽլԺţһͷˣ䱸Ŀ
ֹΪ׵һ커žԺȵ
Ҫ峤ֱ˵
ţʵǿĻһۣ˿ûзɣʱ׼ɱ
ʲôˣΪ׵Ļʡ
ھƷǳţЩҲǳСĽ
ֻҪȥͨһɣ˵񾰼ڶٳ᧿Σˡ΢
˶ӣԲ籩¶ݣԻǲЩǰΪá
ҪǾңĿһ⣬Եȣȥͨ峤ˡ
תҵٽլԺ
˲յʱ䣬Ϊͷ
峤Ҫ㡣ԾԵ
ԣŻ뾰լԺȥ
֮ǰ峤ҰԼһɳϣ˳
ȻǶܺ棬ʲô˻ʱԸҡ
ٳǵľƣ˶Ժ׾ͿóҲˣԶˡٳڣֳ˥ҵĵӡ
£˭Ըأ
Ұˣһͷҵ߹Ŀⶼӹȥ
˵ҪҾң˭ҰϴŽǣžʡ
ȥ˵˶ӣ㡣ֱӶԾҰ
ԵҰɫ΢΢һ䡣ȻϤȻҰһʱûԣǾԱϾھլʮ꣬ǶԾԵȻϤ㾰Թ仯ǻܸоϤ
áҰܿýá
ú󣬾Ա㽫ͷ϶ȡֻ峤;ҵĳԼһЩҪԺǿ
ԣҰˣһ
Ǹղž;þЩϤΪԹһЩһʱ䶼û뵽Ǿԡ
峤λϡԶܵˣ˹֡
ԣʲôϿߣ뿪ٳǡҰһ֣˵
ԣ峤˵Ķԣ㲻ӦûڣϻصȥĳϾӢҲ˵
ԣǲǵõϢŴǻģô֪µģ˳Ͼһɻ
ƽʱһֱǣҲŻصٳǣΪٿǰĽѣΪҳϣȻҪ塣
Ǿңһο޷ȻɹѹˡǾһϣԣǾҵϣоҲǱȽϰȫʵڲӦڻصٳǡ
ҵļλϣ˵
ǣȻϣԻصٳǡڶٳ̫ΣˣԼǱߣʱܷȫ湥ңʱ򾰼ˣʮΣգܻģʮһ
˶֪Ե츳ǿֻҪԻţҲûбϣȾԵʵ㹻ǿȫԼңؽҡ
峤λϣ˵뿪ٳǵЩжҲЩΡ
ЩҵĳȷʵϵҡԾԣҲܹģϣܻšԼȻǿƣֵһѧԺȥԸԣҲôס
ԣҪ˵ʲôٳǵգܻ˽⡣ʧ٣һûѶˣûг壬ԼҺͲ̼ҴѾڶٳڣҾչֹһʱҾҳԱ֮ࡣҰޱȵѹ֡
峤ҼȻˣ϶̾뿪ңڣԼԸңҲôסУ͸һš
ԣȷԼҵĶսж٣ҲҰѻ˵̫ԶԼʵ㹻ʶԼֻһ龳ߣԺ;ңпġ
ԣҾֱ˵ɣǾһοҪˡ»߲£Ҳı䲻ʲôţǾϣҲˣϣҲûˡ֪ʵǿҲ˵ˣһѧԺǰ;ڣϾ̫ᣬʱж̣ʵǿܵеù龳ǿߣҰϴ˵
ǰڵԼңɲֻһλ龳ǿߡǸ龳ӢѣҲԼҽϵһ顣иľ꣬ͽ޲ýնɱӢŭ˵˵ʱ򣬸ҧгݡ
ϣҲ¶ŭĿ⡣
꣬Ѿˡӡ


350 Թ
˵ˣҰ˶΢΢һ㶡
ˣôģһλϣԽʵ
ˣȻŪͽҪɱ꣬ҲǼ򵥵顣ʵͺǿټھҵ쾳ԱֻҪ뿪լԺԼҾͻ֪ҰŽɱԸȥͽ
Ҹղȥ˻Ի͵¥ɼԼһȥԻ͵¥£Ҿ˳ɱˡУԼйˣҲȫ˳ɱˡĿ˵
Ұˣһ
˵赭дǶ˵ֱһذը
йڣԼҴģԽˣȫɱˣ
ֱЩ˼
ʵжǿ
ҲͰˣֻھΪǣԼҴϣǻʵ۷徳ǿ߰
ٿԣһƶû¡Ҳ˵Եʵ϶ҪԼҴϺܶࡣ
Ұˣɴ۾ŵžԡ
峤λϣҲǣδ龳ڵһѧԺնɱ龳ߡҸղ˵ԼҾңǲסЦЦ
ڣһ̣Եޱ
ˣסˡ
ȷʵ󣬶̶һʱ䣬Ծͳɳزˡ
뿪ٳǵʱնɱԵԪĶϣʱھ硣նɱ̣Ǻ˳ҲǾһսŵԳɹɱϵġ
㣬һʱȥ㾰츳ǿҲ۷徳߿ɣǣôնɱ龳أ
ԣôģ
üʱ䣬ڣû˵Ұ峤ڡ
ʵĻǣ϶Ͳϣ뿪
峤ּ峤ˣ
ʱ򣬻洫
峤Ұ˵
峤ּʲô̬ȣʡ
ּҾңһֱ˹ϵһΣԼҲҪҾңּһȫֻǣҾҵĴΪּҲùҰҡҡͷ˵
һּ峤ޱ˽
峤Ұ޹˹֡
峤ɫҲÿѾ뷽跨ԮûʲôЧּɳٳǵӵܣһ붼ԼҺͲ̼˽ɱˡ
һ޾Թζ
峤ңΣּҿǱҸˡޱԹ˵
˼ҰҲ⡣
޿ּǱҸǣˡԼļǾңּ뾰˹ϵԼҲŻὫּҲΪĶ
ˣԸȽϻԾڣȻҲԾˣ˫üһţͺ˪ӣּҿҲǺѹ
峤ôˣûǿԮʧ٣Ҳ龳֣߰һ壬¾Ҫ군ˡ뿪ٳǣѣжԼҺͲַ̼ˡԴεúƲ˹ġ
峤԰ꡣҰ˵ҾҾԻˣϣ
ԣޣſȺеľԡ
˰˵һѧԺˣǰ;ԶôʱˣЩĿž˵
ȻҲΪԲû
峤⻰ʲô˼Իϣѵ㲻֪Ǳ龳ǿߣҿ¶ֹ龳ǿߣиǿǻ֪ôʧٵģҪ˵ûиǿͣҿɲšΡ
⻰ҰˣĬ
˵ģʵ
ԼǱߣϣȷʵֻλ龳ߣһԵԪһӢѡǣֻ龳Ļôóʧ٣棬Իиܾͣܿǵżҡ
ԣҲת
һ㣬Լұһֻżңܿǰҹɱ֯Ҳв롣ԼҹӶҹɱ֯ɱ֣Ҳһˡ
峤ҺûİЦЦ˵
ԣҶ㲻ûģֻǶڵ㣬ûʲôġ֮ǰҾ֪㽫ɾһߡǣûʱ˰˵ʵû뵽峤֪ͨԻģޣǸ˾һЩӡ
峤֪ͨһģԼõϢԵ
峤ǵĴѾˡ˵ٶ࣬ҲûʲôôּҺ;ңһϵˣʱŽϣȹѹȰԼҺͲ̼Щ쵰ȫˣǶٳǣȫҾҺּҵˡԽ˵


351 ս
ĿɿڴĿžԡ
ԵĿҲ̫ˣ
ԼҺͲ̼ң
ԼҺͲ̼ô׶ԸھҺּҲζˣ
һ仰û˵ǾǾҺּڶһϣǷˣ嶼군
ּңҲûл˳ԼҺͲ̼ѾռݾԵƣĿǰٳڶСһ붼ѾȷվԼһߣǱҲּһּ
˵Լּͬ˳ּҲšԼ֮һԸģԾּҡޣҲɵӡ
峤˵Ȼûн龳ȴնɱ龳ߡԣŽһ£ҲûлȹνѵġҰĿɿڴЦЦ˵
ʲô޺һ͡
ղĿɿڴΪ˵ĻЩǰΡҰĻޱˡ
š
ҲףѾʱ򣬾ҰûбҪڲƭҲ˵Ұ˵ģһʵ
峤˵һ㶼ûڵһѧԺʱնɱ龳ڵߡԵԪҲǵ龳ڰɣһһĻаջɱЦŲһ䡣
ʵϣһЩ
ʵɱȻɱǮʱǿöࡣδʣԾԾãǲҪȫ¶ԼʵΪá
峤ԣͻȥ׼Աּ£׼һսޣ˿˵
ãҰصͷ

ԼլԺ
˭
˭ʲôˣɱԼҴϣ˭ģһҪʬΣ
ԵԪŭ˻峤Ժ֮д
йһ˵ϢѾԼңԼҴϵʬ壬ҲѾصԼլԺ֮ڡ
۷徳ߣʵǿȻɱϺʮԼһˣԲ򵥣Ҳǵ龳ߣӢѣŻǵ۾˵
ô᣿
ôе龳ߣԼҶ֣ԵԪҧгݡ
峤ҿʱˡӵĻֻ»ıʡӢѺݶ˵
˵ӢѺ;ԭûʲôԹġ˫𣬻ҪӾնɱ˵𣬵ʱӢѾŪԣ֮ӢѾͽתƵҡ
һΣᶨƵģվԼһߣ׼Լҡ
Ӣ˵Ķԣ²˳٣ڶٳǾѾȫƿأʱոˣԵԪ΢˾
峤̼ǿߣӱ򾰼ҰΧԼң湥ּ̹֮ҡ壬նø𣡡ԵԪ
ǣ̼峤ƽӦȥ
һʱٳǣ
ϣ¥ڣ֮У
Ҫսˣ
ٳĴ壬Ҫսˣ
ţԼҺͲ̼ҵѾȫ֡ϵ峤µԱȫˡ
ľսҪˡ
ߣȥ
ȥѵ㲻𣿡
ʲôԶԶĹսȥѵ˾ɱ𣿡
ٳǵڶߣҲžլԺƶȥĴս¿ɲܼģٳǵЩߣܴ󲿷ֶðߣǲŲΪΣգʹⳡ֡ңвˣϣܴһս֮еõһЩôܱԴǼÿ죬ܿҲȡһЩ
ˣãҽսӴԺ󣬶ٳǾ޾ңּҲڡԺĶٳǣֻܾԼҺͲ̼塣˵ֻԼһ塣̼ңȫԼҵļ壬Լ˵̼ҾԲ
˵ֶܼã
ҿҲһʱɣûе龳ߣͲܵס峤ͳϵ쾳֣һ龳߾һʱ䡣Ҫ֪Լһߣ龳ǿߡ
ҿҲ˵ɣһʲôûóҲһ˵ʲôҲʡȻʧ٣ɳˣһֱԾҲԼҶ֣˻Ӳ𣿡
ת
լԺ
峤峤ˣˣ
ٵĺլԺڴ̶
ԼҺͲ̼ҵȫǾլԺƶٹһʱ䣬ͻὫǰΧҵ̽ӣҴҵĻصլԺ峤ͳϢ
ô죿
ģܻ㲻ȥôսɣ
ɱߣǾңҲҪشۣҳϣȡ
ټ֣׼ӭս峤Ұֺȵ
ǣһһ뿪լԺȥЩܰﾰҵСС


352 Ѫɺ
ڶٳǣ֮ǰһʱھҵļҲвٵġǾҿвҵõֺ֧󣬶ԾҸ׵͸ˡ
ľƲͬˣһЩǺܼᶨļ뾰ҵĴ㡣һʱ䣬ԼҺͲ̼ӲʩøļѡѳңΪԼź
峤սһ峤ϣ֧Ԯң
ë峤峤㣬ǿߣ֧Ԯң

һֱһ֮У֧Ԯ
ЧȻ̫á
ļ峤һ涼ֻ޼ļ峤˾һȷʾ̴֧Ԯҡ
峤ҾϣңһսУңһҵĻ˶峤˵
ôĵӣҶ£ˣ˻ɱ峤һӣ
һ쾳ĳϣֱӳ֣Ծһɱ
峤㡭һæֵֻߣǿ߹ֵֻʱ䣬ͱɱ
ߣγ군ˣҶһˮǿЦ峤Цһ
ȥټ֣ҪΪԼҳս峤ȵ
ǣҼϣæӦ
լԺڣ
һʱ
峤ԼѾǾҰΧ̼Ҳǵĺ·ҵ̽ӣϵĴ汼ۻҲϢ
ʱ򣬸֧־ҵļֻûٳʮ֮Уֻ֧־ҡ
Ұ˿ǰԣȻֻ£ܿİ
峤峤峤Ұλżǿ߸֧־ҵ峤˵
峤Ҳ
ţĻҾͲ˵ˡݶ飬ҾǡȵһսҾңض񱨡ҰϿҵ˵
峤㲻˵ЩЩܾҶݣܼ㡣ξѣҲ⡣ңԸ뾰ҹ
ңԸ뾰ҹ
ңͬˣλ峤ȷԼ
˵ɫʵѿǣûѡѾңҲ֪һսһʤĻἸ㣬ѡվھһߣҲ͵ǣ³
Ұ˵ͷ
֪ʱ䣬Щûļ壬Ҫôѡ֮ˣҪôѡվԼһȥˡЩҰҲûжٺ⡣ǣҲΪԼ忼ǣʱѡ񾰼ң͵·һûжˣʱ򣬻ܱԼġǣڻҪѹԼ塣
峤Ӣ첽
ԮĻûмʱĻӢɫĿдź˵
ţҰ˫üһ
ĳϣȥļ壿һʵ
Ӣ˵ûԾ֪˿ǻزˡˣųɾŵĿԶѾˡҪˣ˱ضѾص֮ڡ
ңңܼң֣ңӢҧ˵
Ǻǣĸ塭Цһһսٺˣĸ壬ҲӴ𣡡
УҲһŨҵɱ⡣
ЩԸ֧ԮҵļҲû̫ĺ⡣ɱȥԮʹߣ;Բ̵ܹˡΪԼ壬֧־ңɱһʾͲͬˡ
˲ˣɱһ
⣬Ǿҵĵˡ
Ұգڣգ㾰֮գ
լԺ֮⣬һףլԺ
ԵԪҰ˫üһ
ಣ
Ұˣ첽լԺ֮ȥ
ɱ
¡~
ɣ쾰ҽ壡
լԺ֮⣬ҵڶԱѾԼɱ̶ʱڣʮѾѧͷŵĹâϿҫҽҲǽ
ں󷽣ԵԪǿߣûжֻ֣ɨȫ
ҰһΪҪͷڹ꣬ҳءԵԪҰ˳Цһ˵
ԵԪҪſ񣡡ҰȵգĲһǾңԼң
ǿЦʱ㻹ҪӲԵԪԾҰĻ֮Աǡ
ҵҪ㻹ӲʲôʱƾЩˣ漣𣿡ԵԪֱһӣɱ⾰ˣȮУҵļͨͨҪ
ѪɺӵĺӣӴԺ󣬶ٳǾңͽΪʷԵԪϢȡ
ɱɱ⾰ˣȺеԼһķ


353 ٵ
ˣңɱ
жҳ䣡
ӵܣңɱǣ
ҵ峤ԼԼĳԱ˳ȥ
սҡ
ҵĳϣҲ뵽ɱ֮С
죬Ժ졣
լԺ֮սѸɱ˷ÿʱỵ̈˵ȥѪҺڵϣ۳ɺɫСӡ
սһھԵơԶԶԼһ
ٳǳڡ
ܹʯ첽Ժ
ˣ
ɱˣԵԪͲƽŴߣɱˡ
վʯǰģǻķ١
ʯټӣȥ֧Ԯҡٽ˵
һʱ䣬ΪʧٵԵʣҪ˼Ѱɷ֮ϡԶٳǵľȻҲһעƶٳǵľ档
ǣʯӦȥӣ֧Ԯҡ
ˣ£ȱż
ʱһ˽
ţ±Ц˽
±ʲôټ±ɫһʵ
ǺǣҵȻҪҸղҪʯܹܴӳȥ²װɣ±Ц˵
̬Կ٣ûжص˼
кβףٷʵ
ˣһ㣬ܻûʶʧˣڶٳڡΪȻȨȫƿسļӡ±Ц˵
±ŪԼݣ㲻ǸֲǳʲôȨָӼӣý
Ȼ֪γ֮ǰҸ˳ڷ㣬Ǻǣ㲻ǻӣ飬㻹ǲҪΪá±ЦһԽԽ
±㲻Ҫ̫ˣȻڣʱܻѹŭȵ
ˣ㻹һѰɡѾܻˡҲ޷峤ѾϢںʯɽ֮ˡǣʬ޴棡±һĵ⡣
ڵʱ򣬳±ʵʵװӣһ㶼Խ쵰ҲĻ̣ƭȥˡ֪ܻԭα¶ˣȷˣôô٣
ⷬͷҲĶµûš
ģ٣촽ҧˡ
Ȼô˵Ҳ֪ǻزˡȷһ㣬ô
ʯȥ֧ԮתĿֶʯ
ǣʯӦ
վסʯȣʯ㲻һܹݣҲΥң
ֻһӣÿʯӣݺݵĶ
Ǻǣ٣㵹һȮĿʯϣٿ١
ҾȮҲͷǺõöࡣ˶ôŴȴڵģҸҿ϶һ᲻úʯŭ
ʯϢһҪ֡
㵹ǿԿʯϵƣҲȻ
۷壿ʲôʱ۷ߣһ
֪УʯһֱھߡڣʯϢѾ۷徳ˡҲ۷徳磬δ龳
㲻֪飬ˣʯЦ˵
ߣ۷Σӣܣѹе𾪣Ķʯ
߳䡣
ˣô죿ӣҿ¾ܵһЩӣҲ˳Ǹвټӣָӣǿд˳ȥֻ»ɱʯ˵
٣˵ͷ
Ӧôɱˣ
ˣҲˣҵ£ҹܲˡҲֻܣԼˣٰ˰֣ȫ·һӱգ̱ϡϾֻһŮˣڳڣȷʵûʲôٷȨָӼӡЩӣ¶ֻӸ±Ļ
ﾰңȴ
լԺ֮⡣
ৣһɫ⣬ͻȻɱ볡С
ͣ
ŽӿԼһߣڽâ֮¡һӰҲ
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ԵԪŭĵͺһ
ոɱ볡еˣǵһ¥ϢҲ۷徳磬Ѿӽ龳
ಣ
ɱûԵԪĵͺȣ߶ԪʩչѧոԼߵ
ܣôˣҰЩĿ
Ƿ峤һǻʱˡ򾰳ҰǴЦݡ
ȻգǴűġ
˵ǷԵүүһ£˵ǲ֪


354 Ӫ׳
֪һսûκεʤ㡣
ˣսվھһѡ񾰼ӪԼ
֣ллҰѵ˵֡
޷˵໰޷Ȱ˵뿪ҲȰ˵Ϊ
Ŀ⣬ٴ򾰳Ұһû˵ֻЦЦеĳӶƵֱ˿ɵ
ɶ񣡡ԵԪŭ
߳ϣȥסԵԪԼҵ߳ϣԸ
Լ߳ϣҲһ۷徳ǿߡԵԪº𣬳˷ĶԹ
峤ϷҲˣϣĻ̫һϵ
ܹܣʯӰֶ
ʯܹܣҰˣĿ¶һ˿ϲɫ
Ұһֱڵȣųˡ
ʯʯӰ֣һ˿ϣǳﾰңôһս¹˭֣˵塣
ţҰ˷ܵĿ⣬ܿɢ
Ϊʯ󣬲ûеĳӡʯǹһģԼ֮⣬κˡ
ԵԪЦ
ҰĪǻϣڳļӹ㲻ڴˣӣǲġǸ˶㾰Ǻܺãѱڲְ㾰ҵġԵԪ˵
ԵԪΪҺּңȫ׼ôܺԣԣ븱±˽ף±֤Ӳҡ
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ʯܹܣлˣҰֵл
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ˮǰ߹ܵҹɱֵϮ˲ġ
ҹɱΪϮ죿
Ե޹ʣҹɱֿ϶Ծ֡а˳ϵİȷԼңӶİҹɱֶԾµĶ֡
ԵĻԵԪϢ΢΢һңȻܵӰ졣
ԵԪ˵˵ʵҪˡ㲻˵Ҳ֪үүӶҹɱְɱġԷŭ
żңҲѲ˸ϵԼļ壬밵ҹ֯ϵϣżұضûɣԼ˵ţգԼңգżҡ
ԵҲֻżҳϺԵԪñȽ
龳ߣЩֵĶžԡżҵλϣµݣޱȵǴʱҲޱȵĸӣ룬ԼٳǰԼңǲǴˣǲġ
ԣ˵ûүү죬ȷʵԼҹӶҹɱְɱġǺǣǸϼһҪ龳ô龳أԣ²ңҪֻ֣ܹҪ龳ԵԪɭ
˫Ŀ΢΢һ죬һɱ⣬֮ӿ
ף
ԵԪԴ߶ȫеԪӶ𽣣ʥ⽣ԵԪնɱ
һĻԵԪʱϲ
ղ˵ĻʵǣҲԵġ
֪ԷǳںԼȥүү죬˵ǷҪŭԡ
ȼҵɱУһŭʧȥǣǾͻ¶ǣͻлὫԻɱ
Ȼʧȥˣ߶ԪԵԪ͵£˷
λϣ죬ٳûնɱӣĻᣬɲ࣬뾰ԽֵڣҲһʱ䡣£ٶ죬Ǹû̫õĻᡣڣڵõһλᣬնɱԵĻᡣ
żҵλϣҲǷǳս֮Ҳ˲䣬Ͳ׽һᡣˣѸݵץסԵķյĽѧԡ
飡ԣûżҳϵĹ
ʥ⽣Яź嫵޷ܣѹԵԪ
Яطʥ⽣۶ʱԵԪδ̫ĽšϣԼʵԾǿһҲֱܱնɱ㲻ȫֵһҲܵ˶ѡ
ܵ˵ĴۣȡԵԵԪ˵Ƿǳֵõġ
ԲĻǺԼ˵ġԻţԼҽղҲ


360 ԵԪ
ԵԪĹǣȷʵеġ
ھսλ龳ǿߣٹ꣬ˣʱ򣬼żڱٳҲԼ֮ء
ԣԵԪѡðգ˵Ǽ
ɫâԵԪк£գɫâű˵ܡһط۵ɫ̺֮Ϣ
ԵԪƴҧӶʩչѧҪֵһ
ֻҪܵסںˡֻҪסһôżλ龳ߵĹ֮£ضΪŪԣҲֵõġ
䣡
Ŀ֮£ɫâԵԪѧײ
ԵԪѧ۵һƬɫĻĿ֮£ԵԪĺɫĻֱӱ˺ѿɫâԵԪ¡
һ̣ԵԪɫҰס
ʧˣ
ΪܵסԵȫһʵϣ͵סԵȫһٶȸ죬͡
ԵԪȻûз˻һǿд߶Ԫ
ͬʱһѪ
ѪϢʱһءȻһԲط
꣡
ɫâѾƽһ֮ڣܸܵâϵɱ⡣
ԵԪ˫Ŀ֮ڣһƬâȥޱȵֱӻӶзӭϳɫâֿ
˻˻~
ʹԲطԵԪʵȷʵڼ̵ʱһء£Ѿǽӽ龳ھΪ
ǣԵȫһ̺ܣԳ󲿷ֵĵ龳ǿߡ
ΪǵԵԪ潫һƬɫâסǣطܣȻ嫵ܣԵԪ
ԵԪĿţԼеķ𵴿ɫâӿԼ
峤
峤
һ˷
бݣţ
䣡ԵԪ壬һӱըѪ¡
ԭԵԪֻǱɫâɨУô϶ǲᱬըġԵĹ뷽ĹһԵԪ
ǣʱ̣ԵԪһطһԲطĴۣȡʱǿʵԪ÷ǳȶûܵסԵһԲŵ屬ը
ԵԪȫʬˡ
ʱżҵλϹҲִﾰǰѧâȫס
ΪȫĹԵԪǸʱԽԪ߶˼ޡλżҳϵĹѾûֶ̫ӦԡҪ˲Ϣʱ㹻ԪֵżλϵĹǲܵ飬ǾѾ̤龳
ôżλϵĹƺڽˡ
ҰˣȿԵԪնɱͷһޱȵĳ졣ɽţǾͿԱƬµĹס
ԣҰ˶ĺ
Ǻ޲óȥﾰԣȲ˵ǸȥܼʱȥҲס龳ǿߵķ
ƺˡ
֮оԵӰԽԽģ
оӪ֮еˣһĶ
ԼӪˣҲĲǵ峤ɵˡɱ˾ԣԵԪҲ޷
żҵλϣǳĺһԵԪǲںԵԪҲˣǻžͺá
ԣ̫ɱˣ
ҪԵԪŭԣþȫնɱԵԪ˵ֿǵʵɱԵġڣԾͲѳˡ
Ļ֮еľԣʱ򣬽һ񹦴߶˼¡
Ƭѧ۵ĹĻ֮УһڣҲ
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СطȻһЩһǻᱻնɱ
һ㣿
ҲУ̫ˣܻĻᣬԲһɣ
ڵʯʱԵҲת˼¡˲Ϣ֮ڣͿֻĿԡ

ţ㣬ƺһĻ󡣡ȷһص㡣
иõص㡣ûʱˣƬĻѾ壬΢ԥĻͻᱻ˺ѳƬһ㡣
ͬʱԽ߾ܵģתܹʹõԪԪƳ⣬γһ֡
ܻܲԼҲȷģֻܿ
ڣԵӰȫĻڸס棬ȫԡƬռ֮ڣֻλżҳѧ۵ĹĻ
ɱСӡһλżҳϣƣ˵
ţС̫ǿˡ֪ô£Ҹоƺǵ龳Ƿ˼սȻ׺һλżҳҡҡͷ


361 Ұ
Լգʱλżҳʩչѧ۵ĹĻ𽥿ʼɢ
սԭޱȼҵɱʱ򣬶ûвɱеľӪߺԼӪߣֹͣжɢĹĻ
ԣ
սԶЩΧ۵ߣסѰҾԵӰ
֮ǰοǱɵġ
쾳֮ϵߣԴ˸ƶʵԽǿԽ⵱ʱԵĴ
ȣ
ɢĹĻУһͻȻ洫
ԵӰȻվ
е𽣣Ȼɢ˵ĺâ
ԣţ
żλϣŴͣз·һͷ
ôܣ
ųԾӣһֿ־Ҳȫ⿪
ǵףɱԣ
żҵķΪɱ𣿡ԣ˵Ŀ⾧
ǣѪӿȫۣڲѪۣѣĿġ
ǾԵϢԲ˼ٶȣָ
ߣżҳϣѡӴܡ
ԵϢ΢ǿ϶ԾԼ֡ԵϢɲǼͻָ糣ûˮѡӴܣѡġ뾰ɱűŷ˰ɣ
ߣ
Ȼ˶ٳǣͲҪˡЦ
ಣ
֮תԼ׷ȥ
żλ϶ǵ龳ܶʱշУٶȼ졣ǣԵٶȸ졣ȻշУյڶ֮ٶѾ龳ھߣ龳ھٶȡ
ϣ
ԣӶ𽣣ɫպɨâУ̺ط׵ܡ
һżҳϣһҽкһͷ
ʱ˿̣λżҳһ˼ҪܣѾսƴȫסԣҪ˵Ƕ˵
ԣһնɱһλżҳϡϴԵͬʱڶҲӶ
ڶżҳϣعֵһ¡Ȼĵֵġһżҳһǰһ󣬴
飡֮żҳϣ׹
ԣͷҲأһתӢѺͶɱĵط۶ȥ
ӢѿԳ˹ȫ΢΢һԽɱ龳ǿߣɱˡ
ӢѺɱԣʶ˾Եǿ֮ǹɱԵ˼ȫ־ˡ
Ӣѣּ˰ԣЦִǰӢ˵
ŮˣǳĿɶ
ԣʲôӢѵɴ۾ϢңȻžԡ
ʲôҵ㣬ʲôԼҹҪҾңȻҪʲôЦ˵
㲻ҪߣԺҾԲҾҵ鷳ڿʼĶԹһʹΣӢѵ֮Уаζ

֪֣ɡϣܷһ뿪ڱʱȷʵˣȻԺлĻ϶ᱨ
㣬ԹһʹԺҲҾҺҵ鷳
ԣֻҪ뿪ұ֤ϳٳǣԶӢĿһƿϣһ㣬˵
ɱ㣬ҲһԴﵽЧ𣿶ңɱ㣬õ㲻ҿɲšԺٺһЦ
Ӣѣɣ½͵ն

ӢѣҲ
꿴˿½ֿ˿Ӣѵʬ壬Ҳ겻ѡ
ԼӪ龳ǿɱʱ򣬶Ҳû뵽˾Ǿԡ¶¶ݺ󣬶һǳԾ
ڼ޶սЭᣬμӹսǸʱ򣬶껹йۿԵĶսǸʱ𣬶;ãԽһŹâǣû뵽ԴŹâô졣
Եĳɳٶȣίʵ̫ˣ쵽޷Ӧ
᳤ˣлҡԶԶֵ꣬л˵
붡꣬ʵûʲôʱﾰңݶ飬Ȼӡ
ԣ벻˫صĸп˵
Ǻǣ᳤ˣȰһսԺġЦЦº㷵صս
ɫĽâս֮ӿֵܹ֮ԼӪߣһʱ䰧Ұ
ܰ˴󺰴УʼӴܡ
Լ峤ˡԼӪλ龳ǿߣҲȫЩˣɼ뾰ɱ


362 
Բûȥ׷ɱЩ쾳֮µӴߣ쾳֮ϵߣһŹ쾳ߣԾ˵вǺܴġ
յʱһսԶ׼ĽսҲ𽥰
ֵϣӪߵʬ塣
峤
ԵҰǰڣٳǣԼӪߣɱۣ
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ĳϣȥԮּ峤ҸСҰӦһֶԾӢ˵
ּҺͲ̼ңҲɱ֮Сּ峤ּڶԭǸլԺģ·ϱƽһȺǿ߽ɱڣ˫ɱӦδ
լԺߵɱѾĻˣôǽ̼ҲٳǾֲʲôˡ
ƿؾƺЩ뾰ҵļˡ
֮ǰһֱԼҷУҺּҵˣǾͻᱻɱڣҪУɱԼҵ©֮㡣Ȼڷ϶ЩˣвԼӪ߶˳ȥЩܳȥģϾҲ˻ԴûʲôӰ졣
Ժ󾰼ҿ϶ѸЩԼҵ͸Ӱ첻˾ҡ
ʯܹܣܹܣлˣ
Ұ;ӢȥˣҲ;ܴҡ
ԣԴʯл
ʯʱ϶ˡʯõ㣬ƾͱȽأһ첲ûˡ
Ȼ˷ܡ
ˣѾűľˣû뵽黹ܷתǻˣģԼҡ
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ԵĻʯɫȻࡣ
үˡ±ǻ쵰϶زˣڳմȨںܲùʯ߿ĵ
֪Եʵʯ϶ðȻ뾰԰æڿ˾ԵǿԿϰæǳ±ͲΪǡ
ţȥԵͷ
᳤ȥһˣȥ޶սЭݷáԶԲԶĶ
áͷ
󣬾óŻشʯ£߶֮ųȥ
ڣ
±ĺܡ𵶵ģٵ֮ڡϵĵ⣬ͲԼ
̫ˣ
ˣʯҲȥ뾰ҺԼҵսȻҲܻˡڳڣ£ʲô͸ʲô˭Ҳ޷ֹˡ
٣Ȱ㻹Ǻúÿһ¡ѾˡǺǣֺαһֱء㲻磬ԺҰɡģһ㣬ұ֤ԺӣȸŻʱֻá±һаЦݣ˫ĿŹⶢ١
٣ʹˡ
ֻǰҽ뷨΢ֳһ㡣û֪뷨һ̾Ūκλᡣ
ֻܣ뷨ĲУҶκ˵
ʧٺǲ̫УΪߣһʯʯǳܹܣڻʮʱ䣬ڳӰǺܴģһлʯǷǳĵġԣʯսûбʤİա
ںˣˣʯӦҲˡڣٻ֮
ޣ޳֮ͽһк³ģҾҲ㣡ޱȵķŭݺݵĵų±
٣ʵȳ±ö࣬ȻҲ쾳磬ڳ±ǰٸֵ
ų±ԻѾ˾ģ±ҪǿԼԼ֮ǰɱҲ±Լۡ
Ǿǿ
ǺǺǡ±ٺЦţеģҵȵţһ죬ıġ
±ûжǿ˼ҲǿǺʱûаգɱ֮ǰͿס١ˣǿɾû˼ˡ
ˣ
棬˽
٣úϢʱ䣬㡣±˵һ䣬뿪
΢Ц߳䣬һվ
֪ӦԼҺ;ҵսнˣġ
У˫Ŀ죬ˮֹסĵ䡣һ֮־ãûûȴԾˣǻ
ҪģȥŻ
̧ͷݶૣôأô᣿㵽
ˮϻ䡣
ôǲѾΪƽˣ±Цʵ


363 еϣ
ڼ˷֮У±Ȼûע⵽ѿɫ
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ǣϢڳ±˵ԲǺϢ
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ˣ
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±ſƤӼһ˫С۾Բ
һʱ䣬ûܷӦ
ܲ˻˵ʵ
ĸôԻΪڹƭǰĻĸеĸǸ˵ʵ
ǣôܷ
ԼӪôǿ龳ǿ߶кüʲôֵģҾôֵ龳ߵģ
˵ģɲǾҵסԼҵĹ˵Լҡ
Щ龳ߣڸʲôԵԪǸϼһڸʲô
ʲô˼ʱ䣬±һعһͺ
ԭķչ˳ԼӪֱپң˫֣˲ءǺͻȻվһˣʵǿһԼӪİҹɱɱҹɱֲǶ˵Ķ֡ٺԼӪֳ龳ǿ߼սȦҪնɱˣ޷ɱˡ
ʱԼ峤ԵԪͻȻϳ˶ǾԡǶˣҲȷʵǾԣȡ¶ңǶòԵԪҲսȦ뾰ɱʵ̫ˣɱ˾顣λ龳ɱḶ́Žһ顣
˵Ǹҵľԣ±ȻǾԡ
ΪɱѧԺִµĵӣȾҽԣ˵ԾԵӡǳ̡
ǣô龳߶սңͬʱ龳ɱֱ췽ҹ̷
ԣǾҵǸԣ˵ŶʮꡣԼ峤龳ߣնɱͷȻ˵
һˣɱ龳ߣ±оԼһ⡣
ȻʶԼұԵԪԸɵˡôԣܿܺܿͻ±֪ʯȥҵֵԼңôʯ϶˵һЩڳҲһ˵±ֹļȥԮҡ

ߣ̾͵뿪ٳǣ±ʶԼΣպ̾˾ûκԥͲᡣ
ȲܾԵôôǿģǾʵǿǿԿھҵ֮ǰ뿪ٳǣôܾܿͻھС
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һһҵԪײͲҽ
ԣ±Ȼ
ƺǾԿ˵ġľײӦһЩлҪֹԣȴԻɷ
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±ֻǰһ߻ָʱ򣬺ȻǰѾһˡ
ˣǾԻ˭
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ԡʲôôô±ɫס
ֻ۷徳ߣ龳߶ǾԶ֣ôܵסԣ
ǳǶٳǸ㲻Ҫ±צĽ
±ĻֻЩЦ
ʱ򣬳±ȻΪáţøݣѹƾԣþԲҶ֡
ҡҡͷ󣬾Ŀһ
±㣬ںδԺʵ
±һ
Եĺʣʱµ뷨Ǿǳˡ±֪ٷ򸾣һֱԾԲԿ϶ϣ٣±ܳɹ붫ٳǡ
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ɫһ䡣
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תȳٲҪġ
ʱ֮Уʧ٣۾˶ƺ֮ǰвҽ
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վȥ˵ԽԽ
ԣ˳±±ƺڽоԵ֡


364 䶨
ǱʶУΪԼˡ
ԣ
Ǻǣôܻ
ȥǣôͻȻصٳǣ˶ٳǵĳ
УڿҲѾ˰ɣ㾰ԻˣҲѲԼҵ׷ɱ
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ӳٳǵģھǰ¶棬Ǿ͵˵Լ̶ʧȥ塣

±ϢһԪȻӦȷʵڼٺֻգʱٳ֡ҪھԶ֮ǰסͿҪЮԡ
±֪סΨһᡣʲôƨԾԲںھ˵ɱһɱһҲû
ɣ
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ҲҪɱң±Һ
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һĻٴЩ֪±ʵ۷徳У±ʵǱȽǿġǣôһ֣ͽ±ֱӻɱˣȥһ
ٴϸĿ˿ԣһȷǲԶվŵģǾû
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֪ѣר̸ϻġǾӵЦ
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ʲô
ޱȵ𾪣žԽ齲һ顣ٿԵĿ⣬Ѿ޷ˡţڵʵȻǿֵزƺǱɷҪǿˡҲǺնɱ龳ǿ߰ɣ
˵ŻʯҲص˳
ԡٺʯ۵һ
ʯܹܣڳڿ»вٳ±ĸЩ˱뽲Ǿ󣬶ʯ˵
±ĸضԳ±ģЩǾԺ˵ͻֳʲôӡң˵±ûκιϵҲڵȴḴԣ뽫ⲿҳ
ףʹȥ졣±ĸҲû٣ʵǶԳ±ģֻѡʯͷ˵
ʯڳѾʮʱ䣬ȳ±ĻҪһЩԳ±ĸ֮ˣʮֵ˽⣬ҪʯѣǷǳѵ顣
ʯһԻʼڳ顣ȻȷѪ꣬Ҳûа취顣
ˣǱҪȥڳڲѾڣ԰ˡڳˣһģҲųѾˡҲ̫ᰲοˣҲô
ٸ֮󣬾ԾٴλصլԺ
ʱ򣬴ģɱȫʧˣֻһЩֲǵɱٳǣ˵ѾҼȫơ
Լҵ©֮㣬Ҫ붫ٳǣҲҰ˽ɱ˴󲿷ֻ֣ٲֳɹ뿪˶ٳǡٲˣǸһصٳǣ϶ᱻɱҪţþԶضٳǡ
ԻصլԺʱլԺ֮ⳤصʬ壬ѾϣֵҲˢϡȻлѪӱϿѾոշһǧ˵Ĵģս
ˣǱû°ɣ
ҰʱҲص˼壬ԣǰʵ
ǱߵѾˡԵͷ
ţҲ䶨ˡ̼Ҳ군ˣ̼峤һɳȫ©֮㻹ڳɱ֮СԼҺͲμڳк͸ϵĲҵһЩֿѶ彫ΪٳǵʷҰ˿Ŀ˵
ٳڵĲҵҪģĸСڶٳǵڵϣԼҺͲ̼ҲвٲҵȵȡЩҵҲǾҵսƷ
ջ飬峤㰲žˡڻһҪЩļ壬һԵͳ˵
ԼҴɱ򾰼ҵʱ򣬾ɳٻԮֻ峤żԱԮҡ󲿷ֵļ壬ûг֡
ûгսϣҿ϶ҲˣΪ˱ȫ뷨Ͼʱκ˿ǶǾұġĸ壬ǲûаңɱ˾ԮĻǾ޷ܵˡ
ţͰšҰصĵͷĿҲɷĹâ
оǣҡҡ壬ˡǾΣѵʱ壬ԸҾҹǣǾԶѡ׳ҲҪ׳󡣡˵
û壬һս֮ʧҲܴڣ۹͵ʱ򣬶ڰҾҵ˻ҾҾԲϧգұ㽫ٴټҰӦ˵š
ڸԺ;ҰĶԻ»һִǾǾԲǾҵ峤
ʵûоԴڣڶûˡҪҵ峤ҰԻ̾λøԡԵĿ꣬Ȼһҵ峤иߵ׷ҪΪԪ½ϵǿߡ
ڣԵ֮;һʼ
ΪҿҩʹãʱӻԻ͵¥˴ҩ
Ի͵¥һʱûӪҵԻ͵¥ҩʦÿջҩԵ¥ڿҩǷǳ֮ġ
ȻˣԻ͵¥ҩǾУ¥ҩ͹ҲһҪȡõġ
һսУҵȷʵϴ󣬲սϻȡԴҲǷǳ˵ġʯֻһ֣ԼҺͲ̼֮ıڣźܶԴġ
Ի͵¥ҩǼֱѴ֮ȫǰгۣԻ͵¥֧㹻ʯֻ
ھҰԼλϵָ֮£ٳǣѸٵƽЩԭҪûٵðߣһҲǳʵ
ʱð߿ԼǰլԺʱ򣬾͸ں棬Ҫ˲ƣûٴ׬һʡԼұȴʵҲֻСèСһЩСǷǳġ΢һҲͻȻˣǱԸסˡ


365 ۹ʹ
̫ǿˣ
һˣնɱ龳ǿߣ嶫ٳǡ
ʵ϶ٳǵľðߣںһսһܹʤԵԪ߱ƽլԺʱǸں棬ұˡ
ձԼңǾңǶν
ȻҲΪҽյĽȴԼұԭҲûʲôûʲôϵǣĿ˾նɱĵ飬Ǳסˡ
ǺʵģûҡþҶһսβĺ˳
ٳǶң
ڶٳȻǵһļ壬ҲǴ壬кüλ쾳
һԼ뾰ҿս֮ǰ뾰ҵĹϵȽ׽սʼʱ򣬾ҲɳԮ
ұ˾ңңɱ˾Ļ
ڵĶңһƬ̡̻
ҲδԼҺ;ҵսҲսˡԼʧܺ󣬶峤뿪صլԺ֮ڡ
ô죿
ԭΪһεսұضû뵽ǣȴԼҡ
սʼʱûбѾңȻԹԾӡǣͶԼңɱ˾Ҳˡ
ýֺͷ룬Ҳ֪ұضˡ
峤ͼλϣۼڣŶԲߡ
ǻںް֪Ӯǿ϶ᱳѾҰǣںڣҲѾˡûкҩ
ʱ㷲ģǶңҡܼҺ֣ҡ⼸壬ʱ˾ңͶԼҵĻ
⼸֮⣬Щԭ֧Լҵȵȡ
ڵĶٳǣȻѾ˾棬Ȼӿûм壬Ըⱻ¾
ֶԼңеļ嶼סˡЩ壬еս˲أûб塣еļ壬սʧ󣬿Ҳ¾ɱ
֮ٳǣȻǲƽĻ̻̣˶ڹ
ʱ򣬾ڲҲڽۡ
ɨҶ㣬ежԵļȫǶһּ尲ҲһӾܾ顣ȻʤˣʧҲܴɱսĻǿٳǶᱻɸӡ
ڡ
峤Ҫ˵ͽЩԼҿһĻ쵰ͨͨȻǼȻʧһݣԺٳǾǾ˵㡣г֧֣ս
ҾӵܣѾ˽룬ȥǻʣ¶٣֪Ҫָܻ꣬ԪҲгϣǵĿǰ״ԥ
峤㵽ʲôѵͰװױЩ˶ǼȥǶҼ壬ʱ̱ѾңԲܱԭ¡һλƢĳϵ
ڶ೤Ϻܣ򾰳Ұ
ʲô뷨ҰԣѯʾԵ˼
ǾҾһսʧȷʵܴڶٳǻȶǼɱȥЩҲԴУǺܿЩʵǿȻֻ쾳磬ûе龳ǿߣڶࡣɱҾұضиĳԱȥԳ˵
ʵǿϾֻһˣܼеս
ЩֲɵӣȱһƣҶκһѹ׼ԷƱػ뾰Ҿһսǿ϶Ը쳤ӵžҵ¡
˼ǣˣҰžԣþҾˣǿ϶˸ġ
Ҳǣ
Щǵļ壬ԲܹϢǵһЩɣֱɱȥҡҡͷ˵
ʲôð취гʵ
ǲŪһ۹ʹᣬмμᡣԴ尲Щļ塭Ҳܿ˵۾һ¡
ڳ⻰Ȼ׹
Ҫ֮ǰ뾰ҵжԵļ壬Ҳǲ̫ʵ顣ٳǵߣܾҪʮˡʱ򣬶ٳǽ뵽һƬ֮С
İ취ȷʵܺãǾô죡Ұİ˵
գǾٿ۹ʹᣬмԶҰ˵ӡ
峤мԲأǶҵȼ壬ǿ²ΪҾһŹǡǣеμӴ𣿡߳ü˵
ǻġǲǾǣҲ̫ķЦЦ˵ǿ϶ǲҲ
峤۹ʹᣬٶһʱٿţһºٿɡһʱ䣬Ҳ㹻Ǿңȫƶٳˡ΢Ц˵


366 Ͽ
ԵĻҰڣҶͷ
ڶٳȷʵһƬңҪһʱ䣬ȫơĴУȻҺּҽˣҪ»ָӪҵҲҪʱС
һʱ䣬㳤Ҳ̣ȽϺʡ
˶ûҲôˡ
½֮󣬾Ծͳ˾լԺȵԻ͵¥õ¥ʼָӪ֮뿪˶ٳǣǰǵڵĺڷ
Դٴν»ɭϿȣҵѬ
ѬֻϿȳϼⲢ˵Ѭͷǳ٣ϿڣѬӦǲٵġҪȻһҲһӾҵ˾Ѭ
ѬĿȻƳʥҩ
ΪʱȽϼȣһΣԸ·ʱ֮õĺƵ̶̵һʱ䣬͵ִ»ɭ֮ĺڷǵ򳤸ۡȫȫŮ£򳤸ۡסһϵʱ䡣
ȫ¼ԣȻǷǳϲãúõд˾һ£ӾԵϵЦݾûʧµʵһξԼʱҲ˲٣ѾǸ߼ߣﵽΪ
գԾͽ»ɭϿȡ뿪֮ǰԻһЩȽԴ
ԾڵʵٽϿȣȻҪһСǰСϿǰ˳ֵͨޣھ˵ûκεвǰ˼żޣԶһɱ
ܿģԾһη־Ѭĵط
һѩ龰ҲЩꡣʱ䣬ԼǹĹ⾰
ǰԻǺ쾳ߡ񣬾Ѿ۷徳ߣŵ龳ھս
ʱˮ
ԵʵҲ˷츲صı仯
طפƬ̣Ա룬ɽڵΡ
Ѭ
ԷѬټ΢΢һЦ㽫Ѭժ
ң
һ׼ժѬƴʥҩģŲժһ꣬Ȼܾ뿪
ӷֵһѬ󣬾ÿһξ룬ܷѬʱһ꣬ʱǺüһ
ȻıȽмֵݣҲ˳ֲժǵʦ˵κҪ̫ƽݣҲ˷ʱȥժժݣǼֵȽϸƷȽϸߵġ
䣡
ھϿȵڶʱ򣬾
ˣĿһ
Ӱ˸ǿٽӽȥ
Ȼڴ򶷣ԿһɫȹŮߣһͷļɱ
ļ޵ս龳ھ൱
ԳֵͬʱŮߣҲ˾ԡĿ⣬ӹԡ
ЦЦŮ߷֮ԵЩ䱸Խ޳֣ҲûǰôϬ
ǰ޵ɱռϷ硣Բ֣ٹ֮һյʱ䣬ɱͷļޡھԳ֣Ķ࣬ԪӦǵľԻͻȻ͵Ϯ
ֻ·ģԿ˵
ŮӣԵĻüͷһ£ûκλӦԽ޳֣ȻûȫԸӣȻǲžԵĻ
ɫȹŮӣȥҲǺܴ󣬴ԼʮҵӡΪӦǵ龳ھ硣
·նɱͷļޣҹȥԼȹŮ߻ǽ䱸̬˵һ䡣
⸽ĵαȽأŮɱȫסȥ·ɱҲ͹ȥ
𣡡
ӦԵģֻн޷ŭ
ˣεҡҡͷŮ˲˵Ը
ȻˣţҪ뿪ŮǲǾһֱ䱸ɱȥ
ŮƺЩ⡣ֵ˳һ£Ҳ𽥱׺
Լһյʱȥڽնɱ
ʱ򣬾ԲվԿʬȹŮЦЦ
ȹŮߣԼۣƺҲЩ⣬ΪԵ̫Сˡܹ뵽Ͽȵߣӵ㹻ǿʵ뵽ɲֻþܽ͵ġûΪᣬͷ˶ԾԵĽ䱸
Ů߿˾Ƭ̣뿪ƺ뾰ԽûκεȤ
ŮҪߣȴ΢΢һ
һ£ʶ˵
ʲôŮߣӲʵǳ䱸ңͬʱҲǰƺ׼ʱֵӡ
ԷģҡҡͷŮӣҲĳĳԱľǺܶ࣬ҪȻԲΪԵĳ־ôԵĽ䱸ֳ̬
ᣬûж⡣Խ˵Ҿ㣬ûѬ
ʵҲһѬѰߣûʲôֵ֮ûѬ֣ΪѬ̫ϡУΪûʲôֵϿطģҲھϵߣ˵ժѬֱ˷ʱ䡣
ȻˣҲûб̫ϣ
Ѭȹ㶡
ԣѬԸԴ㽻Եͷ˵
ԼɡȹߣһޱĶ
ֻȹֱһڶǰʱһѸݡ߰ģϰݣҵĶѻһ
Щݱժ֮ȫȹߣĶѻָֽ֮ڡڱóҲǶѻһСɽһ㡣
þԿЦõǣЩ֮УȻвûκμֵӲݡԣûκζļֵǻʵӲݡ
ԲɵĿЦһҡҡͷȹߣƺҲһ⼶Ĵڰһ龳ߣȻӲݶժԼָֽ֮С
þԷǳοǣһУȷʵвٵѬҲΪȹߣӲݶŹԲŻժټֵߵѬ
κε龳ߣ¶ѬмһˣҪ˵ʱȥժЩֵ͵ݡ
вٵѬҶҪˡݶ֮УһѬȫҳȹ˵
Щ㶼ҪȹߣָָѬȷϵʵ
ԣ
ЩѬ뻻ʯԵͷʵ
Ҳ֪ɡȹߣܸɴҡҡͷ
һ˫۾һֱžԣеҲû˼ƺʱ׼ֵģ
롣Ѭ˵ûʲôֵǶھ˵ֵȴܴ󡣵׸Էһʲôļ۸񽻻ҲȽϵΪѡöԷˣǶԷֱȡνô죿


367 ƻ
ȹһ˫ĿžԣҲߴ١
ӦֱѬϲû̫ߵļֵɣԿŶԷ̽Ե˵
Զ龳Ůӣû̫˽⣬Ҳ֪ԷԸΡģԼǱһﲻԷԤڵļ۸񣬶Էֱ˦뿪
ʧܣǾԾҪ˷ѴʱѰҸѬ
֪ȹߵͷ
һȹߣûʨӴ󿪿ڵ˼
ȻѬô˵ҪѬ󣬾мֵȹ߻һת˵һ䡣
⻰˷ۡȹҲɵҪʯ򷢣вͨ
˶٣һһʵƿӳ֮С
һŵҩ㿴ôԽƿӶԷ
ƿڣһҩֽ𻯵һܹڶʱ龳߹ĵҩҸüԺԲơ
ϣ𻯵ҲǺ򵽵ģǣѰҲֻͨõ
ϣвٽ𻯵Ͼʱ˲ٸҩ𻯵֮һ
𻯵ȹߣƿĿ΢΢һǶƷʵģ
ԣһŶȵĽ𻯵ҴŵҩЩѬΣЦЦ˵
ѬļֵôЩѬ϶ԶԶ޷һŶȽ𻯵ȡЩѬھ˵ôһܹƳĵҩһѬԵǲԼԿ
Ӧûн𻯵ɣҾٸһŽ𻯵ȫݶ߱Ƚ׵ȹߣָָһݣԾ˵
óһŽ𻯵һȫݣָָԼ
ԣȹߵͷ
֪֪УҰݡӲݰЩЦá
ҲܣҶҲûʲôоҪѬǾҪҲһһˡȹߣ̬ȱȽϼ
ðɣ˵㡣ҡҡͷٴóһŽ𻯵׸Է
ȹ߽ӹڶƿϸһ飬¾ƭƵġĵͷҲֳһĨЦݡ
ˣгһգȥ
ʲôְԿȹȥıӰк
ҽȹߵԶԶĴ
һ¡
Կʼһ߰ݡ󣬾еǷһЩֵǳߵݡ㣬Ž𻯵һһݣǲԿġĻԡ
ৣ
ֱһӣԱ㽫뵽Լָֽ֮ڡ
ûȥˣתʼϿ֮ⱼ۶ȥ
һѬϾԼժѬͳ֮࣬㹻ε
»ɭַضٳǣһܶһʱ䡣
Ի͵¥㣬ҩء
Ի͵¥ĸֵȼݶ٣ҺȫʥҩΨһȱٵѬҲŪ˲١棬ͿԽʥҩ
뿪ٳһʱ䣬һʱҲӿֳӡֱϵӵܺϵӵܣҲкü֮ࡣЩУ츳õ֮һܵõʥҩͻƾĻǾڶʱڣ¾ӿֳʮ쾳ߡ
ǰӵֵܳĺ٣ʵǾңٳǣʮ֮µ쾳ߣǺܶࡣһҪԭ򣬾ûкõҩԴҲǳѷ
Ǿٵõк󣬱ǿУõԴһءټϣӻԻ͵¥ɳƷʺܺõҩ뾰ңþҵӵһʱʵͻͽ
쾳ߣ쵽ǵ֮ǰ
ҲΪҷչ̫죬ɾչȥò˶þܳԽԼҡԣԼҲŻἱŶԾҳ֣ϧ˳ԼҲڣԼҾκβ˾ҡ
Լǧ㣬û㵽ԻἰʱҾԵʵҲǲ뵽
һȥ»ɭ֣ĿľǣҪŪʥҩһΣķԾ
Ǿں̵ܶʱڣʮ쾳ߡôⶫٳǣԺκμܺҵĵλ
Ҹ磬ҽ׼Ĳϣ׼׵𣿡
ҩشУԿʵ
׼ˣӦ˵ԣҪЩݲʲôãǣƳʲôҩ𣿡
һɻ


368 ƿʥҩ
ҩѾǿˣԽ̹ҩȫաһ̤쾳磬ǿ
վҪ׼ݲϣȴЩͷԣʶҪЩǴƺҩ
Ҹ磬ȿţЦЦҲû͡
΢׼һ£Ա㿪ʼʥҩʮͬʱʮҩ
յʱ䣬һҩͱƳ
Ҹ磬㿴ҩԽʢװһƿҩݸҡ
һ˳뿪ٳ֮ǰһЩҩҩ
ʥҩɫ䡣
֪ʥҩĿֲ
ھ뿪ٳǺ󣬻Ի͵¥վԵָʾÿһʱ䣬һСƷʥҩ;µĲֵͼҩ
ʥҩһȥֱٳǣ嶼һʱɧңǾҺͳά򣬲˳С
ڣԾȻƳҩһӾʮƿ
þҺٵǣҪ׼Ĳϣȥжٷ֮ࡣôҲ˵Ҫƶƿʥҩ
ͷɫǺˡƿʥҩζʲôʽϸߵʹãô˵һԽ죬ҲҵߣԽ졣
ҩôҶݵĴڡ
Ҹ磬һ飬ϸԺҲæʥҩơЦЦ˵
ⲻУ
ԣҩƷ㲻ܸҡҩ̫ˡȻҩ˽٣̾ˮ׼֮ϵġʥҩ䷽ֵΡ
Ϊ֪һ㣬Ųѧϰ
Ҹ磬ͳ壬˵εˡҪȻҲὫԻ͵¥ǴʥҩƷԸ㡣ȻԲܽҩƷй¶ȥҡҡͷ˵
һҪ˵Щʲô
ˣǾͱʱˣæҩԿһ㡣԰ֹҿڡ
ңɫǺ죬˵ͷ
ۿһʥҩ󣬾ұ;һʥҩȻҩٶȣȾö࣬ȫȡ
ƿʥҩæ˰ҹȫƳ
õƿҩ󣬾ϻʣһЩѬҲȫˡЩѬϣԱʱ֮衣
ʮȥ
һգլԺԺ峤ҰԼλϣ־ۼá
ԣϢѾˣ磬ӦþͻᵽҲμ۹ʹᡣҰԾ˵
šǻҪһЩ׼ĸ˸ҲֱӳǾңɱҲ˾ԵͷĿк
׼ǱߣҲȫ֧ҾңټӣѾ׼ʱԶ֡ҰЦЦ˵
񣬳Ծҵ֧֣˵ǲκˡҵ£ǳ¡γ֮ǰһǲıˡڳļӣȫǱٺʯơ
ˣһ¡Ұһת
УԭּƿصġһζٳǶ֮Ҿ֮£½ޣּҼӵбСҰĿžԡ
峤ޣֽҾҵ̬ôĿʡ
޶ҾңǳҪȻҲҾңּҼӵбСҰһµ
ּңжԾҸ׳Ƴζּ峤ھҰǰ̬ǳ͡
ϣҲͷּҵ̬ұȽġ
ţȻǱеǿԼּҡǾңҲܳԶʳٳĸУռǿˡСЦ˵
ҲôΪġҰҲЦ
ʵ£峤ȻȨģҪѯʾԵҰרǶԾԵء
ϾǾڣڶܲˡ
ԣǾҵĹǡ
̸һЩڶٳǾƵ⡣ԶЩ⣬ûз̫ڶٳǲ̫ͣʱ䣬ܵ۹ʹҪ뿪ٳǷǡ
ûлٳǵĳְλȱһֱȥǱضµĳԿɲϣĳӰ쵽ڶٳǵķչԣγʲôˣ˽һ£Բżҵ˳Ϊٳǳ


369 ֮
գ
Ҹۡ
峤ʱþͺȹϵϣվͲ˹֪ͨö峤ϵǰңμӽվе۹ʹᣡ
ʲô۹ʹ᣿
һǰԼҴս֮УվھһйģҪǽʹ͡
ңȴվھӪеġôҪȥμ۹ʹᣬʲô⣿
ӾҺԼҴսȥ󣬶Ҿͻڰд¾ˣԴСԣڶ뷨ƵļЩһҶ֣ǾͻӦս
ǣ˶벻ȴǣû˿ֵ˼һٳǷǳƽ
ֱգͻȻš
峤˺ǲμˣǶ˵ûʲô¡ȥĻǺͬܺأ
ô죿峤ⲽ
ʱ伱٣ҲӦԡ
ôȥǲȥ
ʱٳڣ붭峤˼ģܼҡ֣ҵȵһЩ塣
Ǵĵײμᣬֺ¾ŭֱǡҲļӣɾҲǲˣǸ壬ûеֵҵ
ӴĹ㳡ϡ
ԡҰӢȵȾıۼܣоҴĳԱжӡ
ʱƣһԣżҪԱ
ˣЩ
ģ㳡ϵԽԽ࣬ȴСûʲô˸̸ۡȻ˼ļ֮⣬ԣûסЩԼӪļţ¾ҽǽйһ򾡡
ҡҺ峤̹ȻھΣ֮ʱѡ뾰ҹţҾȫǵļ壬ҲǶ֡ң۹ʹᣬô϶ʹġ
峤˵һʲôʹأ峤峤˵
϶ܶʯɣ峤΢Ц˵
ҿҲÿʮʯһԼҺͲ̼ңջֲǶ޷֪һ֡ԼҺͲ̼ЩۣǺܾ˵ġ峤˵
λ峤һ
Ҳڴţõʲôʹ͡Ǿҵ֧ߣǵõʹͣضһ
ҵõٶ࣬Ҳۺ졣٣ǶҪĴмһսȻĶ࣬ŤתƵģǾңǾү峤
ңǾҵӵʼգҶǷǳ׵ľӵߣûиı
峤˵Ķԣٺ١峤ٺЦ
λ峤ã
ʱһ峤˹ǳǫ̬ȡ
Ŷ峤ð峤бۿ˶Էһۡ
ңԭҲǾҵļᶨӵߣڿսȴûг֡
ԣ峤ڷǳҡ˵ҲЩ
峤Ȼó˿⡣
λ峤Ҵңǣھ峤ǰңԼ䡣峤Ρ
峤⻰ʲô˼ңҪǰԣңһֱǷǳŴİҪ˵ԣҲ峤԰峤һЦ
峤ʱԵЩΣƤûôҼͷˣҲʺ쵼һˡ
峤֪ҶпǣʱƣʲôѡңҲﾰңˣҾͻӶٳʧΪ£Ҳһš峤͡
峤˵ˡʱʲôǶ֪㿼ǵģĵǣ˰Щ澰ҵļ壬оɽܷչ𣿡峤ڰ˵
峤ɫһ̾Ϣһֶ˹˹֣תصԼλϡ

λٳڼ峤
ʱ򣬾վŹ㳡ϵʮԣ˹֡
۹ʹᣬǾ֡
ҾҾٰģ۹ʹᡣҾңӭλ峤ܹμӱδᡣϣŵЦ⡣
δĿģҲ˵λҲһǰҶٳǷһξ޴ĶΪζҶٳһЩ壬ʧˣΪ˶ٳǵʷ
ζУλļ壬ҾЯ֣ɹѹءҾңλļĶ飬ǸмԲнյ۹ʹᣬҾңҪлǡԵ㳡Ͽջصš
ʱˣɻмûе𣿡תĿ򾰼ҵһλܡ


370 ʹ
жҺܼδܶԾԹ˵
ô£ĪǾû֪ͨǣü
ռѾǰ֪ͨӦ˵
ԵȻ֪֪ͨ壬֮Թ˵Ҫڳ˶֪һ㡣
֪ͨμӴᣬȴӾҡ
Ķٳǣ˭Ӿң˭ҪصĴۡ
ʱѾˣԿ˿ͷٵյʱ䡣
λ԰꣬ٵȶҺܼҵյʱ䡣ˣ΢Ц˵
յʱ
ҺܼҵˣȻûмӰ
ʵ϶ҺܼҵǴμӴᣬǿ϶ˡԣͬҲ֪һ㡣˵յʱ䣬ҲûбϣҺܼҵյʱڹ
ˣھͿʼɡҡҡͷ
ţóһָֽ
峤Եȵ
ڣ
峤վ첽ǰǰ
峤һ֮ǰҾԼҵսУ峤ԱΪҾԡѪƴɱҴңԼұл⣡΢Ц峤˵
Ӧģûоңûҡ峤˵
šԵͷڣҴңһǽϣδչøá
˵ţָֽڣȡʯ𿨡
峤ʯڣжʮʯԽʯ𿨣͸峤
ʮʯ
ڳʱɫ޲ݡ
Ǵֱʣ
һ֣ʮʯһСۺ֡ЩСһĽ࣬ҲͼʯѡһӣҾʹͶʮʯֱһ֡
峤Ҳ΢΢һ
ղǼ廹̸ۣһθǵʹͻ᲻ʮʯʮʯﵽǵԤڣˡû뵽ǣֱӾʹ˶ʮʯ

峤Ȼ֮Уһ˫ֽʯ𿨽ӵС
лүлҡ峤Ͽҵ˵
һĽ񣬶峤ϡҲ֪һս֮Уջǳľ޴󣬿ǾԸⲻԸ⽫ջһóָˣǾһˡ
˵ʵڵģ㾰һëΣҲû˸˵ĵġԼҺͲ̼嶼ˣѵԼҺͲ̼һӲ𾰼ҵŭҲ߶ʮһǣǶûط˵ȥ
ﻹжʮŹԪʮŻشʮŽⶾִָֽóһУһ˵һߵݸ峤
峤ֱӾסˡ
õʮʯϲˣʮʯӣһӾͺù˺ܶ࣬ò츳ȽϺõļӵܣڶʱʵͻͽˡû뵽ģԾȻóʮŵҩ͹
ֱ
˴Զ޷ת
ʮŵҩļֵԶԶʮʯ
峤ڳԣһҲ۾ֱ١˵ղŵĶʮʯֻЩۺĽĻôЩҩֱЩˣֻÿڸ
⡭峤Щɡ
ȻҪõЩҩǣҩҲ̫ˡԵļһ£ЩҩļֵҲڰʯ֮ϡ
ʯһʲô
峤ģһԼ뿪լԺ󣬻᲻ᱻֱӸˡʵȻڳУҲвʵ֮ϡ
峤Ӧõģ°ɡЦ˵
ʮŵҩھ˵Ͳʲô
ǣ峤˫ֽн˹˫ֶ΢΢ţиǷģԺҶԾңصĸ棬Զġ
峤ﻹƿʥҩҲǱʹ͵һ֡˻ûзӦʱ򣬾óƿҩ
ƿҩʥҩԴ߽ʵ֮
ٳǵˣʥҩİˡΪ֮ǰԻ͵¥Ѿҩÿһʥҩĳ֣ʵǣÿһƿʥҩ֮һ쾳ߡ
ĺ֮ܶУ壬ֻһλ쾳ߡܶһλ쾳ߣǴ壬̫̫ˡ쾳ļ壬λͱȽȹˡ
ԣóƿʥҩ峤ʱ㳡ϵļԣ׻һ˺
ʥҩʯ򵽵ġ֮ǰҲڻԻ͵¥ϣżܼطûС
˵ǲƭˣ΢һ˼һ±Ҳ֪Ǿǲܵ顣ԣԲƭңҲûҪƭҡ


371 Ϲ˫۵ʹ
ʱ򣬾˶޷ˡ
֮ǰʹʯ͵ͼҩ˻ûʲô⡣ھóʥҩʥҩӦøԼðôܸأ
ҶԾȷʵģģҲ˰
ңʹ͸ҵʥҩǿƿƿʥҩӵܣǾҲڶʱλ쾳߰ɣ
ҰӢˣüʱѾѻ˵ȥˣҲܳԡǿɾ˿ЦˣҲǶԾԵĲء
ҰȾҸ߲㣬ֻп֮࣬ǰԿûǹͨҪʹͳȥʥҩȻǾ˵ˣǹҲͬ⡣оǣǾ㲻ͬ⣬Ҳ޷ı侰Եľ
ˣʹҵԴʮʯʮŵͼҩƿʥҩֱһץĴ
ڳڶԣ۾ˣ޲̳ȥ峤еĶǣûʧȥǣʱǳȥǿ¾һɨǾȫҪ
峤ֳ
峤ԸҵʹͣͼˣԺʱһɴܣͳＱＱԽǰһ˫۾ˮĿžԡ
ֱ̬ǺͯҳҪǳԵģûκ˳Ц
ǣҲ峤
۹ʹᣬȻ۹ͰʹֱͣϹ˵˫ۡ
Ըҵʹͣҵһģһûκα仯
ʹͺ峤л˵˳ˣֻϢ۾ɵùԲּһӶûй
ңͬʹͣҡû
壬ǶԾģԸ뾰ҹġǣȻԴ
ʹͲûнһһһǰʹ͡
Щ壬֮ǰԼӪ֮еģһǰĴսУûɳǿ߲սûв룬ǶԾйҪʹ͡
֪žһ죬ǰ;ģǲǵġȻЩ˵ʹͣԶԶҵˡ
ЩʹֻͣһЩʯĵҩʥҩõġ٣Ŀǰ˵ǻûʸõʥҩ
Щڰ
Ҫ֪ǿ϶ȫ֧־ң˭뵽ҿԼأû˲սǳѹԼҺּҺֶԸǡ˭ǿ͸δ֪ҿԻʤ
ʹͣԾӪеЩûгսļ塣Щ壬ս֮ǰѡվھһȴûս֮У֧־ҡþԺ;ңǳĲˬ
ǵʹͣ͸ˣЩԼӪûгսļ壬ֻһЩʯҩǶò
ү
ˣ̲סˡ
峤л˵Կˡ
ңǾӪеһ壬ûгսѡϹۡ
ţ˵䡣峤ҲӲͷƤ֪Ϊˮҵȼ壬ܵõҩʹͣЩӪļ壬ȴֻһЩʯʹͣ
峤˵峤Ͷԡ
Ҳͬʣûе峤ʳ
˵ʵû֮ǰԶЩʹͣôֻǼһЩʯǶỶϲصĸлǣ¶ԱȣһԱȣоͲζˣ;òƽˡôԴȴֻһЩʯ
ҡҺңүǵʹͷ޿ɺǣǶ⡣ڣЩԼӪеļ壬ܵõҩʹͣЩӪеļ壬ȴֻһЩʯⲻƽ峤Ųžԡ
Ѿ˵ˣҲͷſˡ
峤һЦЦۿ峤
ţ峤ֻͷƤ飬Ȼ£һɱ龳ǿߣҪɱߣһָҲ㹻ˡ
ȻòƽҾͺ˵˵ƲƲ졣
峤Ҳ˵ˣҲҾӪеļ塣㣬ҾұԼҹʱҾΣѵʱ򣬶òҵ֧֣ңʲôʸ˵ҵҾӪļ壿ʡ
峤ðˮ
ԼӪеļ壬Ҳûаﾰ𣿡峤˿ˮҵ֮ǰԼӪеļ峤
˵ĺðЦ˵ԼӪеļ壬һսУ׿Ҹ˵ҾӦðԼҶԸҾҡûôҿǾǶҾйԣǵõʹͣҶࡣ


372 һ
ǽģһҲվס
ҵȼ壬ڿ˵ǾӪڵļ壬ھԼҴսʱȴһͷڹ꣬Ҳ˼˵ǾӪģ
ˮҵȼ壬ս֮ǰԼӪģڴսвδ֧ԼңǶԾй
ԵĻˮҵȼ߲㣬ͷΪȻͬʱҲǸмԭǻΪҪЩԼӪļ壬û뵽Ҳû㣬ʹͣǴĵ׵ĸм
ү峤
Ҵˮ˵仰ˮҴӽԺԸ⾰ҹΥģˮ壡ˮ峤һġ
ԣȻʵϵԼˮ峤ô˵棬ԣҲ֤Լˮҵľġ
Ǯҡ
ļ壬һҲŷġвԸⷢģû취ƣ˷ˣǲģǾôǣ
峤ʱҲƿˣ޻˵˵ĵôܲף
үղĲȫ˵Ķԡңȷʵǲõõʹ͡ҲģԺ󾰼ҶκηԸҶ߾ȫȥ峤˵
ţԵ˵ͷ
λֻҪӵңҾңǾԲǵġҸұֻ֤ҪģǼķչԻãЦٳǣҲؽԽԽǿڵĶٳǣֻڵһСУţʮǣ֪Ƕٳǡ
ԵĻ
ڶԣѪڡ˭ϣԼļǿ˭ϣԼĳǿ
ǿˣЩļ壬ȻҲˮǴߡ
峤
ֽĿ⣬Ⱥе峤
Ե峤΢΢һ
֮ǰԶЩʹͣҲۺ죬ǣҲûκεϣ֪ԼʲôܷǼһǾҪոˡõҵʹͣǾЦ
֣峤ֿ֣峤
峤֣峤ˣǰ
壬ǺǡЦһ
ԵЦ峤֣峤жһһӽŵֱϴܡ
֪ԼĴ𣿡Զˡ
ү֪ˣŹң֣ңһıϴ
ҾӪļ壬ҾһȥԮǲæҲˣɱҾһ˵ô㣿˫üʵ
࣡
벻ҡ֣ҾֱĻɫ
˲ݣ
ܺλ峤ҡ
үȷʵ˴Ǽһᡣ峤ֵ˵Ҳû취ʱԼжλ龳ǿߣȴ
Ϊұذɶ԰ɣԣǾɱҾԮĻҪֺԼҶ԰ɣЦ
үǽˣʱȷʵ˰ǣҲΪ˱ȫ尡֣峤˵
Ϊ˱ȫԼļ壬Բﾰң峤Ҳǡǣɱ˾ҵĻŭ
ǡ˻Ҫ˵
ˣϻͱ˵ˡ壬Ҹǻᡣ˭Ҿһֵģˣɻ԰ָɴĴ˵Ļ
峤֣峤εĶһۡ
壬Ȼɱ˾һûгԼҶԸҡҪˣǿҲͶҡܼһμ۹ʹˡ
û̫ʱǣҪôǽɱҾһˣҪôǼ𡣡ԺȵҸʱ
峤֣峤Ȼǲ뽻ڵĳϡɱһģǼڵĳϡ
ˣԾҪǵļ塣ңֻҪֵѾĿˡ
ô壬Ҹձˣϱ˹ͬԸң̫ܡţֻҪһ仰ˣ¾ͻԥĳ˲佫ĺɱǶоõһ˫˫۾ͬһͷͷ׼˶ɣֻڵȾ
ʱ䣬ת˲
ɽϣɡ
֣ϣ峤Эˡ
ЭǼ嶼ڽɱһˣܱס塣
峤
ϣȻǱֻ·һǣɲ峤ҪǣǼˣҪ
Ԫתϱɱ˹ȥĳϣ͵ֵסգۼͱǿԪѹ


373 ҷ
һĳҡ֣նɱ
쾳ǿߣھǰһ涼ֵסֱɱֻСҪ򵥡
Һ֣ҵ峤ĿԼĳϱɱǵһģҲԨھǰȷʵû˿ء˳ӣǾֻһ;˼һλϣٱס˼
֣峤峤ȻѾɱҾһֽ˳ô£ҲͲˡλ峤
лү˱鸴ӣɱǼĳϣǻõл
˵ƭ˵ġٱٿƣҲšұֳκζԾԵĲ
ţ԰ڰ֣һ£뽻ȥԸҽˡôҾͿΪĹ˳Ҿҡ
Խ˵һ䡣
λ峤һ
үԸ۾ҪʲôǶûоܾء
Ӧ֪Һܼң巸µУҺ֣ңҪصöࡣ壬ҲԭǡԣΪҺܼҡ
ʵڵҪҺܼңǺܼ򵥵顣һ£ǲһʱͽΪƽءԻҪҺ֣Ϊ⣬ȻҪ
ԿԲҺ֣ңҺ֣ҷµĴ󣬿ɲǸƳһϾܵġ
ҪԶסҲܱѵġ
֣峤峤ⷬɫʼࡣҲ˾Ȼ֪⡣
үǶҺܼңȷʵﲻˡǡܼһ˵֣ʵ൱֮ڣ쾳ߣ֣ҺҼ붭ʵ°֣峤ӲͷƤ˵
峤ҲĿžԡ
һǷģҾǵĺܡǺǣĪǾãſڿӵˣ˵ĴѾ׷ˣȻ屻ҺֻܼҪǾͺá
Цݡ
Һ֣ұҺ֣ҾһսҲضԪ˾Ͷˡ
УǾľҾҶ壬Ҳǲϧʹ͵ġʥҩܼҺͶҺǻܵõʥҩʹ͡΢Ц˵
һƣٸһӳԡ
Ҳ壬ȫġǵǶǵĳͷͷˣ¹ͣǾҪʹ͡
Ȼ˵Ҳܵõʥҩʹͣλ峤ʱ۾һһӱüɫ壬ոʧλ쾳ĳϣʧءܵõʥҩܿǵļڣٶȽµ졣
үھͻصټ֡
үңҲټ׼ս
嶭峤æ˵
үˮңҲԸһս
ңҲһս

һ峤׷սڣǱֵĺûᡣֵĺܣ˵Ҳܵõʥҩأ
һ˵ֺδʥҩʹ͡˵ǲ֣Ƕǵļ˵ûκεĺôֻл
Ǻǣλ峤꣬Ƕ԰æҪһսҺ֣ǣֻЭ֣Һң𣿡˵
Ƕ
û˶˵ϻҲ׾Ե˼
ˣ۹ʹᣬվ͵ɡλ峤ɢ˰ɣ԰ڰ֣۹ʹ
Щֶһǰ;ԼҰ½뿪
ԣʥҩʹͳȥǲ̫ˣ
˶뿪󣬾Ұ̲סʳѹ˺ܾõʡ
žʹͳȥʮƿʥҩҰĶڵѪԴǲϧʥҩʯ򲻵ĺö
ǰԣʥҩʵҪ˵ġ
ҾڲҲǷǳȱҩ
ԣ㵽ôŪʥҩģܲŪһЩ
峤ͳϵˣ׷׿ڣһĿƵĿžԡ
ȻǶΪ˼忼ǣΪˡΪǶ쾳磬Ҫʥҩ
峤λϣǱżЦŶ˵Ǿãһ᲻һʥҩԼļ𣿡
ʲô
ԣ˼ǣ㻹ʥҩ
жҩҾһʱǳ˲ٺӣʥҩĸ֮൱ֶڶʱ졣
ɶ˷ѯʾԡ


374 Ļ
֮ǰ˼ԽʮƿʥҩʹͳȥȷʵΪԲ̫ܻиʥҩ
ʮƿʥҩǿɲ١
壬Ǽھڶʱӿֳϵ쾳ߡ
ʱҰ˶Բ۾žԡĪǣԻ˳ʮƿʥҩ
ǾЩ߲㣬ڹ㳡ڶľӵܣһҲ쾳ӵܣǶʥҩĿǺġ
ʥҩԼƳģֻҪвϣʵǿƳܶġЦе˵ҲǺ׾ҵһϣϸûеġ
ҲϣڵˣΪʥҩúɣٵ˵ⷬҲ˵̫ϸ
峤Ҿжʮ֮µߣԻһת򾰳Ұʵ
ʮµģоʮˡһսвٺӶսˡҰ̾һ˵
һΪԴӦȽϳ㣬þӿֳĺӺܶࡣһǰڵľߣʮҡԼһսУӵܣҲܴ쾳ߣϰ֮ࡣ
ţ峤ЩӵܣгԵͷ
ʮ겻ܴﵽ쾳磬ʯҩԴ㣬Ҳ˵Щ츳
Ұ˾һۣ֪ҪʲôҲû׷ʣǰվ˵ģߣ˳
ŵʮ֮µľߣһʮˣܿı㶼վ˾Եǰ
ɴ۾ϣžԡ
ǣкܴϣߡԿǰĲһߣ˵ԣǶӦãõһƿʥҩ
ԵĻ䣬һɧ
˵ǶӦõõʥҩоʮˣעֻٲˣܵõʥҩ
ǿԿ϶Ҫͨĳַʽѡγһ˸ʥҩġ
Ҵ㣬ÿˣһƿʥҩЦ˵
ʲô
ˣ⻰µˣ
ÿ˶һƿʥҩ˵Ҫʮƿʥҩ
Ҳ̫ˣ
ԣоʮ˰ҰҲסˣ̲ס˵
֪Ե
ڣֵģȡʥҩһҪסʥҩ֮ףʹõʱһҪأ׼ȡһͻƣ졣Ե
ʼһ֡
һƿƿʥҩҲȫ˳ȥ
ˣޱȵļʥҩ˵ϡ䱦ʵþԶҲ׵˷ʥҩ
ʮƿʥҩϺ󣬾ҰˣҲһʮƿʥҩʮˣֻ֮һܹɹڶʱڽĻҲʮ˿Դﵽ쾳硣
Ҳ˵֮ڣںܶʱڣʮ쾳ߡҲ̫ˣӴԺ󣬶ٳǣȫȫǾҵ˰
棬Ҫʮƿʥҩԣֽ˵һ䡣
ղŷʥҩĶ󣬶ʮµ쾳ߡڣҪһЩʮ͵ߣҲһЩʥҩ
ʮ֮ϵߣ츳ϣҪԲһЩЩУҲвܹʥҩڶʱͻƵġ
ңⲿˡ
ЩʮߣԵ仰ղŻ飬һӱǻΪʥҩûǵķˣڿԺͼ壬Ҳûǰ
Կʼһг֡
ʮϵߣԴȽϤԿֱӽг֣ǰȡʥҩ
ʮƿʥҩķŶ󣬲ھҵıӵܣһЩӶĻҲлõ֮ǰԼһսУͽϴģֻǻݣҲܵõʥҩԵľٶЩǸж
ǶԾҵӵҳϣӴ⡣ңǲ֮кܶˣ֮ǰⱲӶûϣ죬ʥҩǾ˸ϣ
찡
Ƕߣ׷һܶһĿ롣
һٶʮƿʥҩȫϺһ۹ͻᣬų׽
ҵӵܣɢȥ֮
峤Կ򾰳Ұ
ʮƿʥҩͷھұ֮УԺԼӵܵĽ͡óʮƿҰ
ҰƲţЩƿ˹ȥ
ˣ˵ּңٿһʱɣּܸԸҾհǾ͸ʮƿʥҩɡ
ţҶҰصͷ


375 챬
䣬ٳǶҡܼ壬Ϊƽء
պ
ҰлԻ͵¥ԡ
̶ʮʱ䣬Ҿ쾳ߡҰɷĶԾ˵һϲѶ
ٵȵȿĪ˵һ䡣
һ֮
ҰٴԻ͵¥ԡ
ԣ²£һʱҾҳ˶쾳ߣҰͣѵȥˡ
ϲãͿƲס
峤ֱ˵ˡЦ˵
жʮ죬˶ʮ찡һ£кܶ˵õʥҩΪ۲δʹáҪǹʱ䣬ҰҡͷԵ˵ʱﻹа㶫ٳ峤ӡ
ȻھǰҲҪʲôϡ
ţԵ˵ͷ
Щ쾳ߣȹ̺Ǿڶٳǵĵλ͹ˡЦ˵
ֹһЩеĴ壬Ҳͼʮɣ֮ǰԼңߣҲʮˡҾңڶʮˡܴﵽʮ
ҾУٳǵڵĴҾҾռһ롣ЩԴ֧֣Ұ뵽ԺǰԽ
峤ҴվͷˣʱͲٵˡԵ
ҪߣҲ̫˰ɣҰüͷ΢΢һ塣
ûȥˣкܶҪһ¡ٳǳļߣҲҪȷˡ۾˵
ҲáҰû˵ʲô
Ե飬Ҫʡ
գһϢþԷǳˡ壬쾳ˡȻһȣڶսʱ򣬻кܴӰ졣죬֮µߣҪκξǣǺѰ쵽
ȽŪ߶ϱĵҩͿ԰ﾰָ糣ˡ
ϣԱ뿪˶ٳǣǱ۶ȥ
ٳǵ飬ʱһˡԵ飬кܶࡣһΰҹ֯żҳôĿǿ϶ưոݡͬҲưոݡһҪżҺͰҹ֯
ڵʵԶԶĿǰҪģǽΪ龳ǿߡ
ʮ󣬾ԻصٳǣܹܸĽ졣
Сѣʱ䣬ȥĽ춢žԡ
ٳǷ飬Ľ϶жŵġǾ붫ٳȻңԶǿԶٳǷĴ£Բ޲ĽܹܣضҲԵõϢ
ԣĽ仰ȻǹʵģӦòµõٳǵ飬ǾԸġ
ٺ١ԸЦ
СһﰡĽҡҡͷһΣЩŪˣżϴ
żʲôĿһ
̫ˣ֮ǰżȻԶٳǳļѡȤʱҲֻȤڣżҿǲϧһҪƶٳˡһʱ䣬żҺķ˴ĲƸң֧żҡĽ˵
ѡȷˣɫ΢΢һ䡣
ȷˣѡżˣżһϣ龳ߡĽڣ͵ſ˵ͷ·ˡҲ⼸飬ԼҵҲ̫ӡһٳǣҲǺ⡣
żҵ龳ǿȥٳǵγƤֱ
顣
Ȼǿ˶ٳǣǾ֮ڣȻûе龳ǿߡżҳȥ˶ٳǣʲô⣿
Ҫ֪ɲһˣļӣضҪ³ֿƵġ
ʱ򣬳ԾңôڶٳŽһµľ棬˵ͻᱻơ
ܹܴˣѵûл𣿡ͷصʵ
ˣĽҡҡͷңҲ޷ı¡ǣʧ˵ĻڻصٳǡٳǳڵĻȻͲҪȥ
⻰Ҳһ
ڻһδ֪ûʱڻصٳǵĸʣҲ߽ӽġгʱûгˡ
УԲУżˣԲܳΪٳǵĳҡͷ
ԣԺ̸ҪȥһˣҪ顣Ľ
ھ֮ǰĽ׼뿪ܹܸȥģֻΪǡɹͣƬ뾰Խ̸
ܹܴˣҲˡü˵
Ϊȣ϶ǲҪ˵ġֻڣȷʵûа취ˡ
ҪˣĽ΢΢üҲãȥɣ£㻹ܰæİæˣһ˿϶Ӧʡ


376 뿤
Ľžԣܹܸ
ܹܸڿһֱ࣬ۡ߾벻ǧף˲Ÿ·Ҳò˶ʱɵִ
·ϣ
ܹܴˣ׳ʲô飿Ժʡ
ղĽ˵飬ҲܰæԺܲ졣ʲô飬龳δֵ̤ܲģ
Ҳ֪Ľ϶ſڿӣȻĽ˵ˣĵ
ˣһλףһЩ״Ľ߱˵
˵ĸף΢΢һ
û˵ĸ׻ڡ
ԣĽͷ˵λף¶棬ԼڣҲ֪¡ȴ֪˵ĸףʵǳֲӦԶڿ֮ϵġ˵֮Ԫ½һϯ֮أΪλ˼ҵĴڡ
⻰Ե۾ҲǵԲ
һֱΪǵڣ˵ʵǿġû뵽˻һλףʵԶڿ֮ϡ
Կ˿Ľ죬ϢӦǱȽصϢˡĽȴûκγɵĽ¸ԼɼĽԼΡ
˼ʵôǿô⣿˿תĿʵ
ҲǺֲǵʦ£ûκηȨδ뿤Ȩҵɡ²ΪҲҪԣƢǺܺãŪӣֻҲס㡣Ľ춣˵
סԵ˵ͷҲٶʡ
ܿ죬˱֮ǰ
ǰĻĽûжʣֱ˽ȥ
ĽԿȻǷǳϤžһ·УǰԺһڡ
ˣǿĻҡˣӦһЩ档ߣҪ㿪˵Ľͣڽ֮ǰתĿԾԵ
Ҷͷ
ֲɵʲôطǵȨģ˵һСС۷徳ߣǵ龳۷壬Ҳǲҷ
ܹܴˣˣʱһɫߣӭĽ΢
ǵģӵ˵Ϣұ̹ˡͨһĽ˵
áĿɨ˾һۣĽӦ˵ת첽뽨
Ƭ̺˷
ܹܴ˽ȥ˶Ľ˵
áĽ˵ͷ
λСֵǣֿԣΪĺܣһ䡣
λСѽоԣǺǣҴһˡĽ˵
Ŷ΢ЦЦ
Ľƨɺ棬˽뵽֮ڡ
ⷿ俴ȥǺһ㣬ǱȽϿһЩ
Увڡһˣɫۣš˵Աߣһλߣ衣
ϣźЩȥĴߡ
ЩУоʶģʦЭĸ᳤᳤ˣλ᳤֮⣬ʦЭĻ᳤˾ãͬҲڡ
ˡĽ죬ɫ۵ӣ
ҲĽĶ񣬲ȴûг
ƣĽ˰֡
ھ϶Ƭ̡
ĺ˿ԣɫҲб仯ȻǶû뵽Ծ
ĽĹϵǵ֪һЩĽֱôҪĳϣЩ׽͸ˡ
Сôˣһ˵
֮Уʵζ;ԣǳˣԳ֣Ȼˡ
λСѣڵһ֮ҴܰæĽЦЦ˵
ĽܹܣڿЦǺǡһƷʦ˵ܰæ˵
ĶǾԡ
᳤Ī뾰гǵʦЭĸ᳤ôһƷʦг𣿡ҴԹҲϣܰæհﲻʲôæΪҲûʲôɣô᳤˵ĻôأĽҲ˵˵
Ľʲôݣܹܣ
Ȼ˵ԵʦЭᣬĽܲݵλĽǳʦЭḱ᳤ģӦ᳤˾൱
Ľô˵Ľôܸ˵ȻԵǾԣɾĽġԾԣǾĽ졣㲻ԺɫǲĽɫ
ĽĻҲһӷӦ΢΢һ졣ʶԼ˵ĻЩˣҲΪԣŭһӿûмʱס


377 Ĵ
˺죬ҲǼ˵ˣָֻܿ
ڵģǴô˵棬ȻˣϻЩҲסġ
ĽܹܣˣҲǸ˼ֻǾãһʦǾԲܰæ£֪ԽԽãĽܹӦҲ֪ġ֪Խ࣬Ϣ©ĿԾԽӰء࣬ȻΪԼһӵ˼
᳤ҵȻ֪µҪԡԵƷԣҿԵǲܱΣô᳤ܴ㻹ǲҪΪáĽЦЦ˵
ǺǣҲ˵һ䡣ҵʦЭĵʦȻֻǶʦڵϵļ⣬ȷʵŶ֮ҶԾҲһ˽⣬ǱȽصġʱЦЦ
ĿڣĿ¶һ˿ŭ⡣
ˣλлǾͲ˵ˣȻĽܹܶƳ磬ĽܹԼĵ
λΪ£λҲˡҸ׵⣬ǳ֣λܹľƻ˻֣˵
ֿߡ
µ鷳ˡƶߣ˹֡
Ȼߣݷͬһ㡣ˣϣߣȴڿࡣ
λɲġڣ»ûʲôˣܹ뿤ƽƽƶµ̬ȣͿԿó
̫ˣүӵԪ½Ҳ쵱ġܰүӣҼµҡЦЦƵ
ǺǡǾλƲɣҸףԺλվ
ˣҲվ
ƺλмµĵ߳˲Ŷ˳ȥ
һˣźԺȥ
ǼӴģһ˳һʱ䣬һǳڡ⸽ûκοĻټҿռڣһֹŹֵӿ
Բ²⣬⸽ضĳת㴳룬ܿС
үӣȷʵǲϲ˴š
գһͰĽ֮ǰͣȥǳͨͺġ
ܹܴˣλµʲô˰ԺĽں󷽣ʱѹѯʡ
ԶڱȽĵʦҲǼ֣ȴİĺܡ
µǵǿʦͬһ㡣ĽͬͶԾ˵
΢΢һ㶡
ⲻһ˵ˣʦЭĻ᳤˾ã˵Ҫڲ֮ǰʦĺ᳤ˣҲΪҪ᳤ְ񣬲Żôҡ
û뵽λµȻǴӵġԪ½ʥأĶⵤʦ
λɡƲ˵
ƺĳַʽ뽨ڵ˽õŶ˵˽ȥ
ˣ˵ȣͲؽȥ˰ɣһɫߣԵ˵ʱĿ⻹ԡ
е˵ȣȻָľǾԡ
ɫ۵ߣ¬磬ҲһλǳǿĵڵϵĳɾͣҪĺ˾òࡣǵʦЭˣɢĵʦ
˵ϵܣʱŻԾ˵ⷬ
ȻУȷʵҲ˵ȡǾԣĽ죬ϸ˵˵ȡֻǣĽǿܹܣĽ첻ǵʦҲʸġԣȴûʸ
ƣ¬磬΢΢ü
ü¬ֽ˵үϣͬһ㣬ʲô˶ܽȥһӰ쵽˶үӵϣɾ͵òʧˡ
ü˿ϼһҲѻĺܡûףҲڵ׳ʲôȻ˵Լܰæǣⲻ˾һֱ˵ȡ
˵ԼǬ˭˵ԾͰﲻæ
ջ
ƿ˿ԡ
ȻǷǳĽģҪ˵һʦϰæҲŵġһʦܰæӵµʲô
µɲǰģǸ۵ġƿԽȥ治
ԣ㣬Űɣ£һССֵܲġҲ˳ƲƲ˵
ǵʦЭĵʦǵʦЭĸ᳤ĿǶԾ˵Ҳûʲô⡣Ͽȷʵ


378 ѩ
ü˿¬磬֪¬ϵ׽¬ûκκøС
ĵϣܽȥ
ǣ¬ⶫ˵ǽȥпӰ쵽үӵϡȲ˵Ծȥˣ᲻Ӱʲôһʱ¬˷ҧһڣ͵ں˾ԡ
һʱ䣬ԥҪҪﾰ˵
ʦǱȥ˰ɣûκε壡˵ģǵļ¡
¿˾һۣ˸ͲʶԣûгԹȻûҪԾԡ˵仰֪ƿүӵʦȷʵǲܴκεİ
Ȼаȥʲô
˵ǣԣ͵ɡƵͷ󣬶ԾԵ
¶ô˵ˣȻҪӡ
ɫ࣬а¬硢ˡ
ǣѾȷѵܷӲҪȥ
Ľ߹ƢǺܺãһײ˿ˣһô죿ţҲΪԼܳܿ˵һơ
Ȼǻʵʵܰɣ
ǣֻӦ
ǽȥɣֶ˵
һˣͰ
ڽ֮ǰɨ˾һۣĿֵͷ̵ζûκεΡ
꣡ŭһ
ԣ͵ɣҽȥʲôһҳ㡣ĽҲΣֻô˵
ţԵ
Ƭ̺󣬵Ͱ֮ǰֻʣ¾һˡ
ֻõˡ̾һĵȴš
ûʱ䡣
ǰͻȻһζһɫӰӵͰ߳һѩ
ոմӵͰ߳ģǱˣǶǳѩ
֪ѩ뿤Ĺϵ߹ѩʵǿ˵Ů
ֹ֪ϵ󣬰ѩԵû̫ľ棬ֻ΢Щ⡣
ԣѩžԡ
ѩԼ
ѩպܶ࣬˵Ƿѩġ
ѩԾ˵
ѩҪͰ
ѩղſŵġԵ
ҽѩޱ飬һĺˣɵζ
⻰ȴǡͻͻһ¡ĵĪǰѩͿ˹ϵǷǳĺã٣ѩ²ǺĻҪȻѩô֪˼󣬻ֱΥ档
Ŷðɣ˼תջǵ˵ͷ
ֻͬܽܣ
ֻϣȥ󣬲ᱻаѩԼӦòֱӶԼ֡
Ұѩ˵ѩүӹϵǺܺõġ
ŰѩԽ˵Ͱ
ڿռ䲢󣬿ˣվڷǰ
棬һ뷢߰ߣ۾ǴһֹŹֵЦ⡣
ѩžԽȻ˵ע⡣̫ⷿСˣһ㶯˲
ԣʲôԾȻˣʱȵʲôطҴģȥ
Ķ¬Ҳ˽ţ㾹нȻΥ濤ˣ
ġĽˣҲһǿԽоʹһ
ǿԾǲýġǣѾȷ̬šڽȷʵΥ濤˵˼ңطүӾסڣɲʲô˶ܽģôˡ
Ǳ죡
ѩ˪б³֡
ѩĻ¬硢ˣͫһ
ЩˣʶѩҲ֪ѩǿŮ
Ϊ˰ѩһҡ˵˶԰ѩǷǳϲġ
ǻ֪үӣǷǳ簮ѩղǺͿһʱ򣬾ͿѩүߡүǲϲѩðѩӦ
ʱǱѩһһӾͶˡѩʵǲ£¿үӰ
¾ǰѩдǿүӣͻ𣿴𰸣ȻǷ񶨵ġǶ԰ѩ˵ĵģԻүӲ
þԽģѩ˵һ䡣
Ŀ˿ѩֿ˿ԡû˵ʲôŮǷܶ࣬Ȼһֱֲվ޷ȫǵѺۡ
үӣȤĿ˾һۡ԰ѩԣү֪ܲѩԾԵ̬ȣȻͬһ㰡ʲôʱŮҲһˣ˵չˣ


379 
үӽ죬Ԫ½ϣҲһ쵱
ǵĵ£Կ̬ȶȽһ㣬죬ȴܾη
ʱ΢Ц´ԡĿ⣬·һֶĵþҲǲöʵʵվ
Ҳûʲô˵ģʲôԽλСֵȻʶŮѩѣǾҵѡЦ˵һ䡣
춼ûӲ˵ʲôĻΡŮѣѣʲô߼
Ȼ¬вãǿ϶ġ¾ǿƣٶһЩˬϾղ׿ڷԸԲҪھԽɨӡֻǰڴʱҲ÷
үӣҾͰ㿴Ц˵
ã㲻ҪκεѹҲʲô⣬ҪܽȻãǲܽҲûʲôӰ졣ЦǺǵ˵
үӷģԵΪ»ǱȽǫġ
û˵ԼʮİգȻҲǰʴʡһڿȥˣȴ⣬ǿɾѿˡ
¶ԼǱȽŵġǣӵĵʦȻڵڣλҲǺܸߣĵʦĵطǾڵгǿˡ
ǵʦЭĻ᳤˾ãҲ뵤𣿵еʦ֮ء
֮ǰҲ˵һţ֪⣬ǳ
һ˵Ҫڡطǳ⣬ǾͲС⣬ӰҲǼ
¶˽⣬ǱȽģߣҲȻʱûг˽УѾвֵĽֵָҩߵ޸Ч
¿ʼ
ڵˣż£ڡҲ棬λڵĵǿˣм͡
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ʱݵȻͲںڼµԪֶþԶ̲סп
Ԫ壬ɲһ̹ȻԵġĵĻȫԽĻᣬشʵǿ࣬ǼµԪѾ壬Ӧٿ죬ҲڼµԪ˺֮ǰЩԪȫȥ
ԣʱĵȻǿɲװģǿװġ
յʱ䣬²ջԼԪüͷ塣Ȼ⣬׽
ôƣ̾ͳѯʵ
ĸףԱֵúûʲôƵġΪӣȴ޷ôݣΪ֪׵ءڣҪһٶ׵ЩҪѾ֮һҷ
ʲô
ţʵѾƼࡣ
ʵƣǻʲôؼǣҲʴ
ʱֻⷢǶ̶̼ʱ䣬ľʹﵽ֮һ˵޷⣬ò˶ãܾͻȫʱһֲΪȫ޷ͷų
Ƶѯʣüͷûչ˿죬ֿ˿ơ
ˣүӵƺǱһֵǳԵڲʴ»˵š
ò˵⼧£ȷʵʵϵġ
ô˵һ֪˵ģʵΪӽµʦڶ̶ʱ䣬а취ܽ⡣ĵʦȷʵף
а취Լʡ
ƱƢȽֱˣǵĿǵƿߡôԸվǸı䲻ֻ𱬡
ˣ˵ȻӦүеȴֱܷǺôġԣҲ²ֱƳһֵҩһݵĽ⡣ü˵
ʦҲҶ취иõĽ¿˿ڵ˾õȵʦ
ԣƵ˵ͷ֮ԽǿĵʦҲ⡣


380 Գ
ƿ˾õȵʦ
λˣƹֵ
ˣ˶׷׿ڡ
˾õȵʦһһǰΪүϡ
ڵĵʦ˾֮⣬εĶ弶ʦǵڣ쵱Ĵÿ˶ʵϵģɲЩҡײƭľҷڵϣҲԼĶ֮
һʱʱ䣬ڶ൤ʦȫүϡ
үӵȷʵ˶Ŀǰ֮һ⡣缧µԣүӵЩһֹŹֵʴܽڵ¾ʱܿסҲα겻αȿ˵ԼĿһأȥΪ쵣ǡ
Ļ˶ͷҲ⡣
λ֮УȷүеǺ˵ôģ¿ˣʵ
ǹôʵģ޷ֱǹɲˣܱǿ
˵̫̫֮ˣһЩҩ֮УҲ̺ǲ˽ԣŪǼѡʦЭĻ᳤˾ҡҡͷ˵
ˣҲҡͷ
ȻⷿڵĵʦûֱܷеĹʲôֻ֪мǿʴƻ
λʦǣʲô취𣿡̧üʵ
ҵһ취¬һ˵
¬絤ʦ˵Ŀ۴ߴٵ
һֵҩ㵤弶ҩӦûЧ¬Ŀתӹˣ˵
㵤һֱȽϺĵҩһЩԶĵ伮Уֵҩļء
ڳˣ¶ĵ伮˶֪㵤弶ҩ㵤ĹЧȷʵϣѹеĹ
ף㵤ף°˰֡
㵤ȷʵЧ㵤ֵҩүӾеĹѹƣүԪѹơһүӴ߶ԪǾͿܻɣǹʴңүԺҲʹԪ㵤Ҳδܳɹѹǹ½˵
¬üɫҲЩÿղŵɷ˲Ϣ䱻Ϩ˵㵤Уܻ硣˵㵤Уûе뼧硣
ҵǾãѵãѵһѶȼҩ²ơʱ˵
ѵһҩѶȣǳ󡣾Ǵ󲿷ֵʦƲֵҩңѵֵҩһϣһַǳĽޣڣҲδֽѵĲϡ
ѵ˼мͷȻΪʹѵЧ
ѵȷʵӦǱȽϺõѡѵҩȽºͣҶߵԪûʲôá˾ãѵǲѡ
˾õĻʱޱȵЦЦ۾гһ졣
鱻ɣǿǴһ
ֻǣѵҪĲϺܺĲϻ˵һֽѡĲϣȴ׵õ˾ý˵
ѣ˼תûǴĻڣѣӦһżĻõģһֱûù
ǺĲϣܱȽǵá
ѣôǲһԡѵѶȺܴʧܣ˷ѣ¾͡˾õĻ˵ͣ
ˣ˾õ˼
Ǻǣѵҿƣһγɹⲻ󡣵ΪѵҲ̫׵ѵҩЧºͣԪ޸áүӾеĹȽѰʹѵЧܺáǣүӾеĹǳԵѵҩЧ޷Ƶסҡͷ˵
µ˵ǣǶԸһѵЧүӾеȷʵǳԵʴȼǿѵЧûôˡ˾ֵͷ˵
ղ˾ҲӦеĹȷʵǺܰԵ
üͷ
а취𣿡ƿ¡
һ취ǰҲǺܴ󡣡˵ţʦ֪λ˵


ǼҩĪǸ߼ҩ
һЩʦ׷׿ڡ
߼ҩ߼ϵĵҩ߼ҩڳˣ弶ʦҲ˾ʦǸ߼ҩЩûͱȽ
֪һ弶ҩ˾˵ֵҩȻֻ弶ҩƷѾʧ˰ɣѾǧ궼ûгֹˡ
Ǻǣ棬ȷʵûˡڵеġɵǣܹΨһĵǣҩԷǳᣬʹܻܿүӵ壬޷ָ˺µ
˾Ŀ΢΢һ
ܾúܾûгڹҰ֮ˡ벻ڵķԪ½ϵĵʥءڵڣкܶʧѾõĵҩƷ
˾УԵһЩ
ھĵʦ˵ûʲôǶԵи˽֪̽ˡ
жգæʵ
ˣҲ˵жգίʵǣҲȷүӾеĹȲ˵үӵ᲻𺦣ǹİգҶ޷ȷҡͷ˵
ɲд
һºڣҲŪˣүӷˣȴûκЧûЧܵˣɲұ֤ƻȵķŹ
ԣԲκα֤Ļʧˣƺ죬Ҳûɶ֡ɹˣĹҲᱻĨԻ׵ȽϺá
µⷬƲʧ
µİձȽϴƾԲţ»ô˵ֻ߰˳ɵİգ¶һƶЧƹ󣬼µĹͲŻԵúܴڿµ̬ȣЧϣǲᳬɣֻһɡ
̫ðˣ
ûбķɣϹͷѾˣҲͲʲôˡ΢Ц˵
⻰˵µȵʦģҲ˵ġ
Լ״ףɾеʴȥٹһأͻΪˣ
Ǿ鷳ƳɣҪʲôֻ˵׼̾Ϣһֿ¡
ˣҿүӵΣ
ʱһͻȻ
ڵˣ΢΢һ㶡ᰡɲЩϼһ﷢ġôڣƺֻоԺͰѩȽᣬȻ


381 ֺη
ڶݵļžеĿ⣬㶼ԡ
֮ǰڵʦΪϵʱ򣬾һֶû˵Ҽ콫Ըˡ
ھԵһ仰ȻﵽǿҹעЧ
˵ʲô
˵뿴үӵ
ⲻЦôļֱ췽ҹ̷
ھߵĽ죬Ҳǡ䡯һը
ܹܸʱĽдþԿܲܰæǣĽûҪһȺ弶ʦǰܵ뷨㾰ԣҲõڳĵʦ뿪˵
ھԾ˵ֻڴڳڶ൤ʦ
ȻҲǵʦλ̫ˡЩʦΪүϵʱ򣬾ԵȻûв͵أ
Ľ쿴˿ԣҲǰ̾һԣվ̫˰
ԣղ˵ʲôƣ˫ĿӾԡ
ΪΥ˼Щʹ죬ھԾȻҪүӵСҲ̫֪ߵغ˰ɣ
ߣ֪СҲҴԲѣСӣ㵱ʲôط˵ķ𣿡Ŀоһϸֳŭ
ϵķŭװģʵʱǺܸ˵ġ̫³çˣô൤ʦ棬Ҫүӣӣֿˡ
˵ʦǼµʦ϶ǳķŭ
֮ǰѾ˵ˣҪҲͬ⣬ѾҪʲôġɾԣʱԣܲǹ¡
ᣬ֪أӣô뵤ʦЭ᣿¬Цһ񶾵˵˾û᳤ҿоԵˣǾ߳ʦЭΪãʡðܻʦЭЩ˵ûʲôǼµǴӵģ
¬ⷬȷʵĺܡ
⻰˼ǣǵĵʦ˾ýҪȥû뼧´ùϵΪ㵤ʦЭһССʦü²ˣǼ»ʦЭĻ᳤û
˾ü˿ԡʵ˾öԾǺ͵ģҪȻһѧԺ̷ʦЭἩþԣҲԳֹˡ
ڿԻĸŪһ鷳¡
ԣҪ˵ˡүӵһֺܹ±ҪءĶԾԵ
ΪԺã¾ǳ鷳޷ճȻΪ;ǶʦĶ弶ʦǶ޷Ū׵⣬Ū
Զĵ˵ͷ
ղſڣҲǾ˼ġУȷʵҲн˼Ϊ¬˶ԼӡģǾţǬš˵Ūүӵ⣬Ҳа취ֲ֪һҩĻָЧ
Ҳ˵㲻ܽүеĹ֪ҩҲܻүʴٶȡ
ֱϣǻʲô
ˣֻæ˵ﲻæҲûʲôʧҲ΢˷һʱ䡣ûˣЦŶƵ
֣
ȥ
ҵǰأȵʦ
˾úĵˣɫҲ
Եļ֣ǸоƺǵǶ쵱һʦӣܺ⣿뾰Թϵǳ׽ģʲôˣ;ؿڶµûˣ
ʦ¬絤ʦǺǣȻڵʦȼϣǡǾ͸˵Լеĵҩ˽⣿Ǿܿ϶ҰﲻæһܰæȴֹҰæүӵΣǳе𣿡Цˡ
˶ȻҶ죿
Ŀˣ˼¡ǵʦЭĳԱΪʦЭĸ᳤úýѵ㣬ǾǺ㣡ŭɶ
ղķŭǼװģڵķŭȴˡһʦɣԣǻܲˡΪ⣬¶˵ֱⷬӾͶԾԶˡ
¬ҲǺޱȣ޲ҪҧԵžԡ
ǳʲôѩ
ԼȻҪԿкβɣѩԾԵ֧֣ǾǺޱġ
ѩ㲻ǵʦԵ˽ܲǺܶࡣүӵһʦôκΰ취˫ü԰ѩɲҷ𣬸ֱ
Ҿǣǵܱ֤ܲүүܱ֤ǾԾͲҪȥˡѩü
ѩ仰ˣǳĬ
˭ұ֤һκүӵû˸˵


382 Ǭ
ȻǶұ֤ΪҪΪүүϣѩЦ
ѩλʦǿˣæģô˵Ƶ˰ѩһۡ
үүþԿɣԲŶʮ꣬ȴܳΪʦⱾ˵ڵű󼰵츳һҪа취أѩûƣǿ졣
ǺǣȻСֵǵʦǾͿҲûʲô˵ġ΢Ц˵Ŀžԡ
оĿ⣬ͷ΢΢һܸо쿴Լ񣬱⡣
춼ô˵ˣҲٶ˵ʲô
˿ԣֳŶԼµ㿴أ
ȻСһôţǲɡүؾ㣬ǲ޶µġ˵
˵ʱЦݣ˭óǳĲáصζҲȽԣָ޶¡ھ԰үϣΪȻүӶˣҲֱӷԡ
ðɣԣһƵͷˣɣ
ǰƺ죬΢
ҵҪСҪʲôЦĿƶžԡ
޷ǾҪһ£עˡڵˣ̫ˡ¬Ц˵
ߣ˵ȻҾԲ̡һ
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ˣɫһڣǸջ𰡣޲նɱԣȻûӶ֡
Ҫ쭣ҲõȾϹ˵
үӣˣԶ
ѹֻ顣ԾԵͷ˵
Ҳٳɣ߶һԪӴԪ˳ӿ뵽ڡ
ǿ
Ŀ̶ȣ׵ʲôΪ𺳵ת
Ȼֻ۷徳磬δ龳սܹ龳ߡϷǳˣȣǷǳľ޴
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ܿģԾͲ׽ˣЩУڵһֹǴԵĿߵԪơ
ͨĵʦǺѽ׽֮ǰµȵʦܷΪǶǷǳǿĵʦɲͨʦܱȡ
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ԵԪʱ쭣ԵԪ˲
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в׳𽥵һ
Ǵ·үӵġҡͷǣأ
ȷʵܼ֡
ǲŪôҪ׸˭˵Լаա
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ʱ䣬Ҳϵţܿǹ˽ӽһʱ䡣
֮ǰĵʦϵʱ򣬶˴Լһյʱ䣬еֻ˰յʱ䡣õʱ䣬ġ
Сӣ㵹ûз֣վװģʱ䣬˼𣿡ʵ
Щͷˣ
ڳĵʦҲٶЩüõʱ̫ˣһֱǻҪһֱȥɣǵʱ䣬ĺܣ
ˣү⣬ԽӦԵĴʩȽϺðʱԽãǾԽءҿ̾׼ȽϺã¶Ƶ
ƿ˿һľԣҡͷ
ȻҲþװģˡʼʱ򣬾ȷʵԼһţǵʼΪү֮ȴԼŪЩȥϣԲһֱš
µʦ˵ĻҲȫе
ԣûʲôֵĻ˰ɣƶ˶٣Ծ˵
ʱ򣬾΢΢һ˿ơ
ˣԵȣٿԲɫ˵
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תǬûʲôֵĻҲֻ˶Σʹö޸Чҩ


383 ˼
תǬ߶ԪٴνӴڵĹ
һΣ˱仯һЩĪϢԶھԵԺ֮С
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Сӣ㵽ʲô㻹Ҫ˷Ѷʱ䣡һٶ꣬Ҳٲ֪ߵغСӣ㲻֪أϴģûֳˣȻҲƶԾЩͷˡ
ңԾԼֵ֧İѩûٰﾰ˵ˡ
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һٶ꣬ҲǻȥˣڰүȴεĴң㻹Ҫʲôҵ㣬Ҫʲôѵʲôɸ˵Ŀģ͵תͷ
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Ȼ弶ʦҲ޷үӵжٵѾˡжһţҪ˽⣬Ѷɸ弶ʦҲûֱַ
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һûгΪƺЩ̫ԡǺģôѵڵı֣
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үӵУȷʵʮѾ˾õͷ˵
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ҵҲޣǲֱܷүӵУмڱ˾ý˵㿴أ
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384 
ʱµɫǷǳѿġ
Ǵӵĵʦ˵ʵ˾ĵʦгҲǱȽӶѣ˾õǵĵʦЩƲϡϵĿǽһֿףɲǴĵͬ˾ʦ
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үӣȷʵһЩ뷨Ҿ˵˵Ҫ˵ˣҲ벻ҪҡЦŶ
ֻ˵û˻㡣˵ͷ
үӣ֮ǰǲһط̧üʵ
Ե⣬УһƾʱţϢҲᣬĶžԡ
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ȷʵһط£ûжκ˵ƣ֪ңѾܾû뿪ǣҲû̫ǿ߽֡˵Լ֮⣬̫б֪¡
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طͬСɣ´½ϣǶһһǿطֵԹҲΪˣŻᾡĲȥ¶Ǳ¶ֹܻܿһЩ鷳½ϵǿ̫̫ˡ
ԣ㲻ҪҶҪ˵ģүڹԴүʲôطʲôʲôϵ²͵ĵ
Щҷִˣ
˼ƽԲἱɾԡ𼱻ǵģҲ˵еĵǡһ֪ǹôգɾ̫ˡǣĵʦһʮʦȥԺô죿
ǣүطʲôϵʲô˵үûطܸ㣿ƺָֻһЩżʵ
ԣô֪һطģ·ûµ˵Ļžԣʵ
үӣûĻڵطйأ˵
תǬϣԵõһЩϢ֪طһֽ졷ط


385 ޵
죬һּԵططʱǳһ˿ܶɾ޴Ӱ졣
ʱ򣬹ڼڵԪ죬γһɶʴ쳣
ʱ򣬼Ҳˣ
˵еĹΪһطµġ̬ȣȷʵһط
ЩϢµʵЩ޷׹Եǣ֪طģ
а취΢΢ǰһЩ̬ࡣ
ط첻̸ҲûֱӻشԵ⡣̬ȣĬ˾˵Ļ
ȷʵа취ԣҲûоԵİա
мɰգʡ
Ű˾ųɵİգеģЦЦ
ԵĻĿеĹâٴαŷ˾ųɵİգԶԶԤϡ
ƵˣҲٴβԽĶݡ
ԣɲҪ󰡣ž˵
˾ųɵİգίʵЩף
ˣûп˵а˾ųɵİգʵǡңûܽүеǹڵҲܴȸүڵ״񣬿˵
ԣʲôҩƣ˾óʵ
Ϊþ˵үһľȽϺã˵Ҳܰæ취˵
û֮ǰû̫õİ취ΪǲȷүӵľڡھԾȻ֪˾Ӧ˵Ǿ֢ܶҩһ취ܱһ˵Ŀף¬ӿڵ
ǹҪģЦˣǲ鲻⣬㡣ҲˣȴҪ˵ƾʲô
ԣ㲻Ҫɵ˷ġУɵñͣѩһۡ
ھԵı֣˵ʵѩҲȫû뵽֮ǰͲ֪ڵҲгɾ͡ڼԽһȺʦȥѩзǳˣȻϲãûϱֳ
Ҵ޵Զ԰ѩ˵ͷֿ˵
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ԣʲôϹżڻù޵ĻȻԲ󣬵ҲȷʵֿԡСȴ˵޵һʦôƳҩ޵ĵЦ˵
ǣС˵޵֪޵룬ֿӦɣ治֪Сӵʲô⣬ΪҪ˵Լ޵Ҹҿ϶˵ľǼٻƶ˵
ƣҲɻĿ⿴ԡ
޵ȷʵҩ
޵ȴҲʵ˿ûлѻ־ʧ룬ԾЦ˵
Цһʦҩ㵱ǣɵ𣿡ҲʲôˣֱӾҪԶϵļơҪﻵˣ
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Ϣһ٣գգ۾žԡ
һ£ӾԽ䣬Գ˵ҪϣԻû˵ԼǶʦ


386 ļ
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ʱоԼͺСһ㡣ƶģ϶Բ޵һԾǶʦҩһ֤
ھһ仰һֶ˵
϶ǶʦΪղţˣ˵ǶʦԣҲûзһ㡣
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кһͷ񱼶
ԣ˼ʦڣʵǱﲻסˡ
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԰ʦԿһĵ
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ԣ޵Ҫʲôϣң׼Ƹںʱʲô顣
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޵ҪĲϣӦòǺѰҡԽ޵ҪĲϣȫ˵˳
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ȻΪԷһ˳ԳԻ˵˼ֲϡټ٣˾͸Ӳ޵Ʒ
׼á˷ܵ˵
Сһ鷳ˣ۾гһ죬ԾԵͷ
үӣ鷳ܿͺãЦЦ
뿪סƸ԰һ䣬׼õ¯Ͳϡ
СѣǴͷļµʦݺݵѹȥĽ죬΢ЦԾ˵
տʼҪүϵʱĽ컹һ亹һǻȡ衢עǺɺ˵аѩžԣ˶δػŹԡƵƢȷʵȽϱġǲϲȡˡ
ڣ֮Եı֣þݡǼµȵʦһƿԣֻվ￴Աݡ
ܹܴˣʵұҲûģһЩˣҪҡȻǿҲˬҲ̫ųˡҲЦ˵
Ǻǣ⵹ҲǡĽ˵ͷˣҲӰ
˵ţĽ߳˷䡣
ڵĵͰڣ
ѩôʶСһģ쿴ŰѩЦʡ
ʱڣֻаѩˡ
ǶٳǾҵˣʶ»ɭֵϿڡʱṳ̂쾳硣һæǷһɡѩӦ
Ƿһ飿ζ˵
죬ôܿѩԾԵ̬ȷͬһ㣿
԰ѩԸôǰ˻žԣܴ󰡣ԲǼ򵥵Ƿ飬ܽ͵˵ġ
ôʱѩƺδʲôˣĹע
Ļѩü
ԣҵҲһ֮ǰѧԺϣƺͨýʮ꣬ϵĳɾܾͣˡܴﵽʦĲΡ˵š
ʦǱȵ龳Ϊǿ硣ǵڣʦߣҲǺܶࡣ
СһǲͬѰ츳ǿ츳Ҳôǿǿ֮ģͷֻǡͷˣһӰ찡
͵κһ·ҪͶԹľʱ䡣Ԫ½ϣȷʵҲ͵Ϊǿߣˣǳǳ١ߣƫһȥչ
СӴޱȣӦֵܷءƳ˵
үүȾԽ޵Ƴָܻˡѩ˵
˵ء㾰Ƴ޵޵ܲЧҲ˵޵ûκЧҲǷԵ飬ѩͷİɡŰѩζ˵
ѩɫ΢΢һ죡
˼Ȼүүˡ֮ǰ˵Ǿ仰Ѻ̽˼ȻҲȷԵ޵һܶүүЧ
ƣҲ˼Ŀ˰ѩһۡ


387 
ھ޵ͬʱȵʦδ뿪Ҳʱסڿڡ
ȻɨأȻȻ뿪ҪһǲƳ޵ɹƳ޵޵ǲָܻ
סķڣ¬ʦ
ڣǵɫѿ
˵ʵǿԶֵĻǾԻֱӳŪԡ
̫ˣ
ЩˣκһóȥǿԵõ˾ĴڡգȴһʮëͷСӣѹƵ޷
Ǽ£
ŭͬʱЩڡ֪ᷢ£ܾͲˡ֮һΪ˱ꡣһ棬һֳɾ͸Сܣʦάĸо
ڵ֮УǿĵʦкܶࡣĵʦڵڣûĿҫԣǣͷϵĹȦȻҫ
û뵽ǣͻȻɱһоԵᵤʦˣһʦʮᵤʦݺݵĲ˽¡
ֱѹУǺܡ
´ȥǴĻʵĳЦ
⾰ԣ̫ôĿɺˣ
˵޵Ʒʧǧ֮ãǵڣûеʦ޵ԣô֪޵أĬ֮У¬翪ѯʣĿ⿴¡
᲻СƭǣͲ޵ֻʲôط˵ֵҩֵ֪ҩѾûƣ˺Ū˵
޵ֵҩƷȷʵѾʧǧˡǸǴӦǲҺŪİɣҪǿ֪ԼŪˣǿ¾ǰѩҪԣҲɡǴӦһ㣬ܿ޵۾˵
ʲôż֮Уõ޵ĵҲ˵޵ĵȻʧ˺ܾãһЩϵżڣδûֵҩ͵³˵ֿԺСҲ˵ȫûпԡ
ֿܣС֣õ޵ĵõĶҪȻôͽΪҩһʦµĶżһʦĿȵ˵
һʦµĶżЩʦԹһۣת˼ܴӾϵõЩĻ
˵Ƴ޵ܶЧ𣿡˿ʵ
˵ΪҲһЩϹŵ伮֮мֵҩ޵ȷʵһ޸ĵҩֻǣ޵Ͼҩȼ̫ͣܲܶЧⲻ˵µ
ˣ˵ͷ
˭Ҳû޵ûʹùڵĵʦ˼⣬˸û˵޵Ĵڡ
ûЧҪ޵Ƴʹú֪
ߣƵĵҩЧǲŹġʬΣʵͷ֮ޣһ
㿤׷ԣҲа취ξԣԱϾǵʦЭĳԱǵʦЭĸ᳤٣ȽʦЭᣬͨһЩֶԣ
ſɣУ˵
УǲΪ޵޵ȼ̫̺ͣҩЧվЧϹеĹΪԵõͼҩǼѡ
һ޵Чô컹Ҫİæʱɾл˵ˡ
ֱɱԣҪסԣʾ֪޵ġǻԵɺϽʲôϹŶһЩôҪӾеõЩܽ˽Ϊ߼
ڵķڡ
ûʹÿΪ׼ĵ¯뿪֮ǰ϶˽šԣֱӾͽǬռ䣬ʹǬ¯޵
Ѿһȵҩ޵ƣûκѹ
գԾͽ޵Ƴ޵һɫĵҩ
޵⣬ԻһЩˮľˮľҲҩ޸ĹЧ
֮ǰԾʹ㣬Լ޷ϳүӵ⣬ôֱˮľˮľȻ޷űȴʴͬʱ޸Ȼ޸ٶȣ϶ȲϱʴٶȣҲܴӻѹ
ϳ޵ΪˮľΪֵҩ̾ܲЧ


388 
޵ˮľƺú󣬾˳һЩĵҩպŴǬռ
߳ţԾͿĽʱڿߡ
ߣȻһֱھԵ֮⡣ʱԳӭǰ˹֡˵λͣĽʱ򣬶ȽϿ
ԵʦҩƺˣžԳѯʡ
Ѿ׵ȥˡԵͷ˵
ãӦ
ܿģԾٴμơ
ƿԣ΢΢һ۾
ԣ޵Ƴ𣿡̾ʵ
Ѿ˺üʱ䣬ȻҲ֪ƵҩҪʱ䣬ּе飬ƾȫƵġ
ңЩľԻʧܡ޵ҪĲϣǺңȻõĲϣҲмֵߵĺݣԿĲȫ⡣¾£Ըûƹ޵һʧܣնܳɹǾǴˡ
Ͼ֮ǰµʦҲ˵ˣ޵Ѿʧĵҩڵ֮еĸ߼ʦ޷Ƴ
ֵǣһֱ
ʹ޵ƳɹˡҲóƵ˼ЦЦ˵
ãܺãҩƳɳһĿеĹ⻪ַһЩ
ˣ
ʱ򣬼µȵʦ˽
¬磬˾õˡ
ǵõϢٶȣǹ죬ճǾȫõϢѸٸ˹
ѾƳ޵ƿ˼һ˵
ԣµ΢΢һĿ⣬ĴӾӹ
Сѣƴžȥ졣
ǣԵ
ˣҲһͬȥ޵ȻƳҲδؾЧ޵ЧôҪİ취¿˵
˵öԣ޵ʧǧ֮ãϹŵ伮֮УҲֻвּأ˭Ҳ޷֤ҩЧΡӿ˵
룬Ҳüµ˵Ļе
ǺãλʦһɡƳ󣬱˵
ˣٴθƣڵĵͰ֮ڡ
Ե˸ս󼸸ʱ䣬ѩҲ˽˿ԣҪʣҲ֪ҩ϶ƳˣҪȻӦþͲôүүˡ
Ҳѩ˵ͷѩҲͷӦ
ףСѣѾ޵Ƴԣ㽫޵óɡǶ˵һ仰תԡ
үӣ޵ȡɫ޵ʹ޵ѹơүеıԪӦЧġΪ˸޸ܵʴүǴˮľʹá
ˮľ
СӣȻ֪ˮľ
Ǻǣ˵ɣˮľҪˮľ˭֪޸аƲƲ˵
ˣڿڣҲûˮľɣ¬翴˵
ˮľȻҲֻҩڵ֮УˮľҲΪϡ١һЩʦǿ𣬶ŪˮľˡЦһ
ˮľ˶֪
ֵҩ䷽ȻδʧȴҲֻڼټٵĵʦСҶ֪ˮľ޸ģɾǵʦߣҪŪˮľˣҲǺѡŪҲҪΪصĴۡ
ңˮľֵҩһҲֻڵĳڵżٰϣҲˮľ֣١
ڵҩ֮УǸͻƾĵҩֵߡֵߵĵҩһ޸һ޸ֵҩֵͻƾĵҩ
Լµ˵ҪүӴˮľʹãúܿЦ
ˮľȻҩϡг̶ȣǱȺܶ߼ҩĻѶȶˮľһⵤҩܴƷֵ۶ǿߣˣˮľ޸
ڳЩʦڣƲˮľ˵ˮľĲϷǰǶƲ
ˣ·ǻȻ
ԣС쵰ôĵӰȻңڲƭǣ޵ֻóĻӰɣ˵ҪˮľʹãˮľүʹκεҩˮľҲܶ޸Ч˵
ҲˣСӻհǣϵˣڿС˵޵϶ҲǼٵġǶûҲ޷ֱó¬ҲȻһĺȵĿ


389 õҩ
ǰ
ǵļ£Ҳû޵޴ӱ١
ھҪүӽ޵ˮľʹãڴڻΪν޵ЧѰһڣ
¬ˣĿⶢžԡ·ǣԵıƱǸˣǵҪԻνƱ硣
ƣҲüԡ
ˮľڸûС
Ҳ֪ˮľֵҩ㲻ǵʦߣҲкܶ˶֪ˮľӵ޸ЧãǴ½ϵһʶ
ҲͨѰˮľˮľֵҩ̫ѻˡң⣬ǡģǡġһЩˣǿڼս֮бˣɵǹ̶ģˮľ޸ɡ
үӵ⣬ȴǲ϶񻯵ģԼһˮľҲǱˮн޷Ե⡣
ѵſڴƻƣ
Сѣ޵ǲˮľĻЧͻܲҿڣȷʵûˮľüžԡ
ġ˾ãʱЩΪԵ
ڲƭүӣɾˣпܵġ
ǵƿߡڲƭϢǴȥô˵˵Ƥţ
ԣŭֱ֮ӻɱԵĿԺܴ
ƶԾԵĻЦ
үҲžԣͷתԾԵĵһӡͲΪѩԾкøУҲԣ֧֡ſڿӵСǾͲˣԲְ֧ѩ˷ʲô
ڵˣĿⶼžԡ
ЦЦ˵ˣ㲻Ҫᡣҵ˼˵޵ˮľЧã˵޵ûˮľʹãͻЧֻʹ޵үӵ⣬ҲֻܽǿҪʱ䡣
ңˮľֵҩҲеģԣүǿԽ޵ˮľʹõġֲһ䡣
µˣ۾˲Բһ
ˣˮľˣһҩר޸ߵóһЩɫԲҩ
ôܣӣҪӡ
ˮľûСڵʱֹһμˮľϿóɫҩˮľǷǳơҴζȥƺҲˮľһ
үӣÿԽеֵҩ졣
һ£³үӣɷȿֵҩҵģһǼҩ
žеĵҩ
ʵȻȷ޵٣Ƕˮľ߰˳ɵİȷġȻˮľģô޵Ҳкܴġ뿴ֵҩĿľһ¡һ£һЩϢȻصҲܳȥأ
µʦû޵ҩأ˰ɣЦЦ˵
޵ûˮľȴΣܹ١µ۾˵
Ǻǣⲻףҡҡͷ
кβףһЩ
ΪⵤҩҵģҲ㿴Ͳܿô򵥣һ
⻰΢΢һ㶣նˡûҩǾԵģԲǾԵȨͨҩҪ
ϣĿ⿴ơ
üˣҩģξԡûȼ˵ƾͰڰ˵
үӣԿɣԼеҩ˹ȥ
ãҾԿ˵ͷ޵ˮľ˹
һ޵ˮľ
˾һۣ޵ˮľֵǷǳ˵ġԣֱ޵ˮľɲС顣
ȵʦƵֵҩ
ǵ˼Ҳڷת
Ȳ˵޵޵ʧǧ꣬ڸͼֵҩҲ˵ֵ١ˮľǼֵеľˡˮľĻǵĻöĲƸ
ôˮľ
ھԵıһ֪СжٳһӵܡҲ˵Բܴʲôˮľ
ôóˮľҪôǴһϹŶڻãҪôˮľ䷽ӶԼˮľ
ڳĶǴˣ뵽һ㡣ҲŪˮľ䷽Ļ
ӹҩֱȡһţ΢һۣǺԥ̷ȥ۾΢΢תԪٵҩЧɢա
һĿ⣬صţ˶סȴŽҩЧôöʱ䣬յʱ䣬Ӧᵽ仯


390 Ҫ
˫Ŀ΢գתԪͬʱʱ̽ı仯
̹ȻҲƵᡣǣԸղſ˵Щ֪ԼĿܱһݽ󣬾͸̹Ȼ֮ˡ
ʱ仺ʣ
֮УҲû˵ûСҶġֻǽĿ⣬졣
һʱ䣬ת˲
ǣ˫Ŀٶ
䣡ϵƣҲһ
þԵĵҩ֮ǰԪȴ͸һĺζȻԣǿ߻ܸоó
ڣϢԷת䣬޾
ʱ򣬸ͲҪ˵ʲôµҲ˲ףóĵҩģѾ˷ǳõЧ
ϵϢԲǼٵģǵҩЧǲı仯
죬ĴЦ
ãõĺܣžԣЦ˵СѣⵤҩȻЧ벻ᣬܳΪʦһƳһȵҩ
ʱ˿̣ĳϲãǷԷθģ
ԴΪ죬вԪ죬ʴ֮û
⣬һĲ
ҲǰѰİ취ǣȥ˵ֻ»кܶԤϵ鷢˵طı¶ط¶ȥôƱػ鷳ʵӰʵܲܽŵ鷳Ǻ˵
Ϊֹǣûǰ
ڣ⣬ȴǱԸˣܲġ
ĸӦбһ֣ҲѸٵ޸֮С
һ޵ˮľȫʹú⣬ضǿԳ׵Ľʱʵȫָˣپһ
ĻԵûжΪȷֵҩ϶Ч
Ǽµˣƽˡңǻ˵һȵҩһʮʦ˺ܷѽˣڵ֮УʮʦҲʮĵʦƳһҩ͸ӷ˼ˡ
ǣȻô˵ˣôҲ˵ԸղŸĵҩضһȵҩҪȻ첻˵Ļ
үӣ˵Ƴһȵ޵ˮľ˾ÿʵ
ûģСѸҵĵҩȷʵһȵĵҩͷ΢Ц˵
ôܣҩҲֻһһȵĵҩʧ˵
ǺǣСڵϵ츳ίʵǾ˰ܳΪ½ĵʦЦ˵
ϣѾǳˡҲ΢Цž˵
弶ʦ弶ҩ϶ǾʱȵġƵҩҲֻٲ֣ܴﵽһȡ
ڼʱƳһȵ޵ѵֻãģҲЩ꣬뵽ڶٳǼԵʱû뵽Եĳɳٶܹô졣
ĵʦˣֻһЩˡҲǣÿһζƳһȵҩæ˵
㣬޵ˮľĶԼƳģʱʵ۾žԡ
Ƶģ˵ʲô
ֵҩƣôϣֵܽҩƷ׳ʦЭᣡĿо
᳤ˣǾԽֵҩ׳ĻǶǵʦЭķչо޴İȻǵʦЭᣬҲӦøһĽɿ˾á
˾ÿ˿üͷ΢塣
֮󣬾ҪǰǵʦЭķչȻҲϣʦЭԽԽáǣ˼ҪӣƺҪ֣յ޵ˮľŪ֡
˵ʵ˾öҲǳҪõǣԭģ޵ˮľļֵԹҪģҲǲ˼ѯʾֵҩƷ
Ҫ޵ˮľļֵΪһ弶ʦӦҲһ㡣˵һ䣬ҪҽƾʲôΪһύЦ
ԣΪǵʦЭᣬҲǵʦЭĳԱҲ񣬰ʦЭᷢչ׳Ȼֵ֪ҩĵѵͲһ£乱׳˿ûо߳ܵ˼


391 ĸл
ʦЭһȼĻȴǱȽɢĻЭ᱾ԳԱ޹Ҫ󣬸Ҫ˵ҪԱ׳ĵ
ĺ޳ܣϵϺõ¬磬Щˡ¬ԼǵʦЭĸ᳤϶ǲҪԹ׳ģ˵ڡ
㣬ֵҩĵ᲻ṱ׳ʦЭ᣿ǹЦ
˵㣡ûֵҩĵۣͻȻ˶ԼЩУƺЩĵӣæ˵ֵҩĵҿ϶ύʦЭᣡ
˵ϹҪֵǾԲκˣ
Ǻǣ㵹з׾أ˼ûָ߷ڵȣҲ㽫޵ˮľĵȥҡҡͷں˵
㡭죬Լˣˡ
ˣԵĵ˽ƷǵʦЭûҪԽ˾ʵǲ뿴ﶪۡ
ԣֵҩĵ֪ԸⲻԸһס㽫ֵңԸ޷Դ㽻ңһǰҲ̲ס˵ˡ
޵ˮľĵΡ
нٳ־ԣȾԽǣھԽˣضᱣԡҪٳ־ԣͼûʲôϣˡһ֣ǻ߲ǵ
ԸֵҩĵףҲǲѡ
˼ûȤҡҡͷ
ԴͲȱ
ǰȥʲôǬҪȥ𣿶ң˵ֻǸҪ˼֮ϡ
ֱӱԾܾɫֱѿģǾܾͲίһ
Ǹоǣһشʧ
µʦλȳȥɣҺ;СѣлҪ˵ʱֱӳˡ
үӣȸˣüͷ˶Щɬ˵һ䡣
תȥĵʦҲ׷׸˳ȥ
ת֮䣬ھֻоԡơѩĸˡ
ƣѩҲȳȥֶƵ
ƿ˿죬ҲûʣͰѩ뿪˷䡣
ЩɵĿ죬ҲЩġүӲҲ޵ˮľĵ뷨ɣļֵȷʵǿ߶ˡ
Ҫô죿
ͬ⣿ʧɺܴ󣡲ͬ⣬һ췢ǿô죿
Сѣ㲻ýţҶĵûʲôȤ쿴Եı飬Ͳ³Ե뷨
⻰ɫ΢΢һ죬˼ˡ
Ǻǣֻ㣬㣬ô֪ҵ⣬ΪһطģЦʵ
ү˵ϳ⣬ΪѧϰһֱȽǿĵ˵
ǬռĴڣǲܶκ˵ġ˵ȥԣǱɵġʵףǬļֵ
֪Ǻطͷʡ
ѧϰһЩĵ֮ҲܲµҪȻͣôܳΪʦҾԻƣʧǧ޵֤ӵʦûеĵ
⡭ӦǾطüͷ˶
춼֪һϢ˵˵ûȷʵΪ˾죬Ԫ죬⡣죬һһط޼֮ҲǻԵɺϣһϹżڵõط֮⣬û֪¡
Ļþٴν
ͨǬ֪Ǿطȴ֪ļֵж˼죬ƺҲ½𶯵亱ط
ѹ֣ƺͰѩ˳ȥӺŮ춼֪ط
һæ
ڵϵĳɾͣһЩͨԴҲҪôҾͽ͸ɣ˵ţָֽڣóһʯ
طʯڣе˵Ҳվ֮Ԫžʯ͵ǰ
⡭һϲ֮ӿϣȴЩɡ
°ɣЦЦطΪԵǳѣҪԴЩ⣬ҪԼȥաоǣҪ׶طһǿʹطпϳģʱֻ»鷳ɹǿԽطֶΡ
Ȼʯ˳˵ˣȻ뾰Կס
԰æǸڶͳ죬ҲӦõġȻȴҲԼȡ
лүӣ˾졣
Ϊ˲һ񹦵ԵʣԵǿȣͱһ߼͵öࡣطȷʵǶž޴İطҪԴھ˵ʲô¡
ͳ޵ˮľõ飬õطǺܻġ
¾󣬾˼䣬Ըǡ
߳ͰĽǿվ档
Сѣ΢Ц
ʵڵһμԵʱƲûӵ˼֪ǶýߣҲû̫Ĳ
ͨýȷʵһǵڣҪټʮŻһߡýҲδܽΪʦߡ
ǵڣ⼸ý߼Ҳгʮ֮ࡣЩ֮УҲֻٲ֣ս˵ʦ
ԣƶԾԵӡȻ㲻ȴûǳӵĵز
ڣƶԾԵĸй٣Ȼ˷츲صı仯ˣȷʵǷǳĲ򵥣ʦסӵĽŲ˵ڣֽ߳һλ½ǿߡ
ҪǣԵĵҩĴæ⡣ΣⶼһݳصĶ顣ûбʾ˵ȥ
ˣԹּ
ôԺʱԹѩҲǿԵģѩܹһʱҪصǣϾǶǵĳЦе˵
⻰ܸоֵֹġ
⻰УһЩ˼
Կ˿ƣҲ֪ôشѵҪ˵Լѩ
԰ʲôҪҰæĻҪʲôԴԸҡֻҪһ㡣ƶ˶ֵ
΢΢һ
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ط˻Ҵȥҵ࣬ΪҪʯѹŭ⣬ֱ˵
ʯˣ£Բܾôˡǵ಻һԾǲưոݵġ
Ҫ֪Ҫܵʱ֪ʯҺ󣬾ȥϷǵˡ
ԵĻвˣ䶯һ¡
ǿ⻰ЩԲѡˣ
ȥҵʣ
ʯ鷳ȥҵ࣬뻢ȥ޻𣿱˵ȥҵ࣬㲻ȥҵ࣬ʵʵڱţǵܶٹ鷳
ЩҲϾԵٶȼ죬һ֮ǰնɱ龳ΪǮ򡣿ǣǵǵ龳ڣ˵Ѿӽ龳۷Ϊ
˵䲻ģǵҪɱǮ򣬿ҲһƣͿɽǮɱʮΡ
һ쾳ߣȥҽӽ龳۷ʣⲻԼԼ鷳
Уϸ΢Ц
üЩһۣû˵֪ЩˣΪҲýôࡣ


402 ˫
濴ԵҲһ˿Ρ
Ȼû뾰ֱӴҲһ˵Եˡ
ӾԽһѧԺ鿴СһƢǱȽϾǿġԲ£ҲԲᵱû
ΪˣŻרټԡ
ھԣ滹ǺܿõġĿǰʮͣһΪǿɲ͡ѧԺ϶ýֵص͹ա
Ҳ¾ͷһȣֱӳ嵽ϷȥҵˣǳͻԺܱܿɱˡ棬ϣ鷢
ԣ
£ȷŷŰɣ˵
ˣ˼ǣ˫ü档
ٹգʮһȵ˫ᣬҴʱûʱ¡Ե˫һϷһ£ô¡ҲЩͷۡ
ԣԵǳ
ȷʱƺһЩԼϷ壬ȥҵۣǾųϵĿܣǴʱ򣬿һʰ
ҷˣԾãҲܲӡ
Ҫһ㣬ӷﻰ˼ܸойԼĳɷ֡治Լȥǵ࣬ӦԼԿ
ǵ⼸ԭ򣬾Բܲ飬ͷҾ͵˫ɣ
ţ˵ͷ
λɢ˰ɣ½褺Ͷˣú׼ٹգ˫ῪʼһҪٷְٵŬϷ塣ͳȵ
ֻǣ֮ⷬУܸоһûжĵζ
ڳˣܶԼڵıܹϷ塣ǶǱѧԱˣǶᶪӡǣʵ޷ı䰡ٴӱϿʤļʣǲɡ
ҪϷ壬½˾ͱ붼ʤУֻҪһʧܣǱûᷭˡֵĶսضûκʤġ
ⷬº󣬴ڵˣɢȥԣҲ뿪˴
֮󣬵һѧԺԺ
˫ᣬԺһ㳡ϾСһѧԺԺѧԺҲܹս
һһ磬дԺѧԺۼڹ㳡֮ϣ˫ĿʼѹѹȺ㳡Χˮйͨ
˵һ˫ᣬһܻʤ
ǻ˵һϷ壡
ǰ⼸˫ᣬϷʵǿ
һ˫ϣ廹ܣǿɾˣ
ţѵ֮ǰ˫ᣬǱ屻𣿡һЩˣ֪֮ǰ˫
ǰ壬֮ǰˣ
ھϷǿǱǿЩԺѧԱʵͲ⡣ǣֵġǳ뿴ԺѧԱȶսһ龳ǿߣɱʲô
龳ǿɱɲܼġң˫ϳսĵ龳ǿߣǶԺ֮е̳˵ЩսѧԱǵһѧԺԺʮ֮ʵǿһˡ
ʱƣԺѧԱҲ׷׵
ϷͱԺѧԱμγ塣˫˭˭˳ۣü۵ģʱк
Ҳˣ
˫ᣬҲ֣ȻֱӲμӶսһμӶսѧԱսҲЩ龳ߵʵи˽⡣
ҪǣϷĵ࣬ҲжսҪһʵΣԼɱǲʤ
˫֮Ƿ治˳Ĵ£ǾԻҪȥϷֱҵġʱ򣬿»޷һսԼɽʯ飬ܾô׾ٵˣ
ҾԣҲǺ۸ģ뽫ҵǲУ
½褺Ͷ̵֣
ϷĵࡢٺǣҲִ
ģϷ󡢱棬ԼٵһѧԺĳϼ
ЩֱӵϹ㳡ĸ̨
Щϸ̨˫彫ҪμӶսѧԱҲϸ̨վλ
һ˫ᣬϷҪ㱱˰ϷЦеĿ˵
˶ǵһѧԺλϣλݶǲġ˷ֱΪˣ˭ѹԷһͷ
Ѿѹ˶ʮ꣬ȻҲ뷴һΡǣ˿ѧԱ̲סľ̾
һΣǻ䰡һΣʮʱ䣬ȾСһɳʱұʤʹˡĿ⿴·ڱѧԱУҵ˾ԵӰοתͷ
սδʼ˵ġ濴˺һۣӦ˵
ԼΪʤ㲻󣬵˵Ļǲܷģ


403 һ
ٺ٣ȻԱ廹ģô˫ᣬͿʼɣ󡮺ٺ١Ц˵
ڱսѡ˽ˡ
½ǵ龳ΪʵǲǶֻ֣е龳Ϊ˵սδʼѾһˡ
ʱѹ
˫ᣬٻܱ塣ôϷ壬ʤһ룬ʹ죡
ʼɣޱ˵
ȥǰ취ģܻġ
һ˫ᣬϷܱ壬ô˫ᣬϷͳԵϷѧԱгСĿޱȵ⣬٣Ϸ壬һս
վŵı˵
ǣӦתͷ¸̨䵽㳡֮ϡ
ϷһսѧԱѾϳˣֵ㱱³ˣ΢У档
½һսɣûӦĻ½˵
ǣ½ӦԾ¸̨վٵĶ档
½һ³ҲǾ˼ǵġ½Ǳʮ֮ѧԱУʵǿߡ½սġ
Ȼ֪һͽ½ɳȥƵҲơսô죿
һˣǺҲͲñˡ
Ȳô࣬µһ˵
½ӦǱʵǿһɣȾͰ½ɳȥˣսô죿Ц˵
½ҲȽ˽⣬֪½ʵǿڵ龳ھУһĲΡ褣ȻҲǵ龳ڲΣǱ½ʵһЩġ
ǾͲҪ˵ôϻˡĳս˵㡣ͲҪΪ²ˣɨ˺һ˵
˵ǣҶˣţôսͿʼɣһ
̨ϣĳǣҲ½ͱˡʱģ˵ۼ䡣ЩϣҲ֪˴˫ᣬҪˡ˫ȣȷʵǴںܴƵλ
ʱ󣬱½Ķսʽʼ
˶ֳַɱһ𡣵龳ھߣÿһγ֣ƶΪƴѧΣڿռڳɨµ֮
һƬռڣʱģܿһɫ·֡
ڱѧԱȺУҲĿת˵Ķս½ͱˣǵ龳ھߣ˵ʵҲ̫ࡣҪֳʤҲҪ̵ʱ䡣
½ʦ֣ұ֮ʵǿʮ֮ѧԱһս½ʦֱʤھߵһѧԱ˵
Ǳ٣ȴϷǿʮ֮ѧԱ½ʦֻ˱٣ɺսǱʤͺС˰һѧԱҡҡͷ˵
˵ĲǶԵģһսǾˣǺսҲͿֱӷˡһսʤܼʦʦֵĶ־һ˷

쿴½ʦҪʤˣǱ٣Ҫסˣһ˼˵
Ҳ΢΢һ
½ʵȷʵڱ֮ϡɱյʱ䣬ٱڽڰˣȥֵסѧϣзϣ½ǱٵԪ̶ȣȻҪ½һΡ
ɱʱ䳤ˣٵԪЩӦϡڱʩչѧѾûпʼʱôԵ½ѧȻ󿪴ϣԽսԽ£
¡
һ֮󣬱ٵǱ˳ȥ
ʱ½ȻûκεиȻɣȻˡ½ֶ֪ս֮УܲԷᣬ;ԲԷκεĻᡣˣôջᵼʲôĺͺ˵
ϾٵʵһЩȴҲǲܶࡣһٻᣬ˵ͻᱻܡΪɱḻߣ½֪սеա
ٱɳȥʮ֮ԶϢᣬ͵һԪӿһڿգǷԾ
ˣټ½߶Ľٴκɨɫ䣬æ䡣
䣬ûʲô壡֪½ʵԾɱȥջ޷ʧܵˡ
֮½ֹͣ˴߶Ԫ
½ʦֺ
Ȼ鴫ԺѧԱ֮жεߣ
ǽ⣬΢ɨȥҾͻᱻֱɱɣ
һս½ʦֻ˱ʦ֣壬һˣ
Χ۵ڶߣޱ˷ܵĿ⿴ųе½ͱ١֮кܶˣҲʶ½ͱ١
ѧԱȺУȴûл١Ȼһ֣ô죿ǿ½Ѿսûٴγսˡ


404 
㳡̨ϣոսս½ͱˣǷء
һ֣Ϸˣɳ㱱ڶսѧԱɣ۾гһֱߡ
ʵڵһսʧ½սʱ򣬺׼½Ǳʮ֮ѧԱʵǿߣܱ٣Ҳ֮С
ֶսϷʤȯաѡ񣬶޷ı䱱ʧܵĽ
ڶս褣ɣ濴˵
һսʱϷ˳ڶսȻֵ˳
ǣͷһԾ̨䵽·֮ϡ
ڶս褣
ĿһתǣϷڶս
ǣվڵߵǣӦȥ
ǣϷʮ֮ѧԱУʵǿ֮ˡʵҪ֮ǰսıٺδսĵ֮ϡ
ɳӭս褣ȻҲΪ
ɳ褽֣Ȼ˵ʤϣҲܴ󣬵ҲʧܵĿԡ褽֣Ǽʮɵİջʤ
ȵڶսĵսǵͶֽ֡㣬Ҳܻܶ֡ڱ˫ϣϷͽٴλܱ塣
³ɫЩÿǣҲûʲô취ֻܼϣڳ漣
ʵȻȣһģ
ǰڶսҪˡ
ڶսսҲûκεĻᡣսսǶ֣ɶֲǵ龳ھ磬Ϸսĵ࣬ǵ龳ھ硣֣޷俹⣡
սλϣҲš
ȻжΪһ˫ᣬ廹ʧܡ
ڹսĳϺ͹㳡ܵڶѧԱ۵ʱǺ褵ĶսѾʼ
ԣͬҲһս˿ʼɱ󣬾Ծʶҡҡͷ
֮䣬ȷʵвСĲࡣŸտʼ褾ȫ·硣ҿƺδȫӣĶǳɡ褣ƣڵֵÿһγ֣ȫԸˣȻڽڰˣ
ķôлˣ
ղŵһսʱǲǺܺôˣưˣ
һ˫ᣬǱذɣȶսϷܵõѧԺķǱѧԱֻܸɵۿţ
ϷѧԱǳĽк
ѧԱЩԻһɫǺ죬Ŀдŭ⡣ǣȴҲĵ㡣
˵ǣЩԺѧԱҲܿ褲ǵĶ֡˵Ķսȫѹڴ褸ûлֵء
褣ɣս֮Уޱĳ˵
褣ǽҧűݣŬĵֵԷûлӦǵĻ֪ڶսǹؼˣôˡҲ֪Լʵǣòȥ
褲û˼ɫһ䣬ĿҲһ⡣
Ȼ㲻Ը䣬ҾͲˣһХжȻ٣֮ϣһ͵Ĵֲܳܣ֮Ȼ١
䣡
ɫĸ⣬·Ҫ˺ѿռ䣬ϯȥеķһƬɫĹţͼֵסɫĸ⡣
ѧײһ졣
һ̣ƺǲ񷶼ҡҡ׹ѧ۵Ĺâ㴦ʧԶȥһƬȫǺڰģͺһڶȥĹ졣
һЩ龳ߣȴǿɫĹţɫݺݵ˺ѿ
ɫ⣬նɱȥ
ˣüͷһ
褲ϤҲûнӴǱѧԱȻҲ뿴ܵ˺ڵȴ褵ֵסǵĹۿŸҪش褡
ݣ
ǣ̫ˣ
ھͷת褵ԿµٶȵɳȥͬʱĸѪӿ
褣Ȼش
Ǻ褸տʼսʱǲδȫȻѹ褣褻ԶͻȻ֮䱬ȫһȻԤıġĿģ¾Ҫش褡
ȻʵҪ褣ҪĶ֡ԱֿʼʱĹƣҲΪԪ̰ȴѡַʽ褡
ɭȻӹ褡
ղѾˣȴûôˣҲҵģ˵
ͨ褣һѧԺѧԱǰ֪ǵǿ
ʱ褣ɫ԰ףɫȻæ̷شðʲֹסˣʵȷʵǲһء


405 ϸ̨
ѧԱ£ɫȻ뿪˹㳡
ǣֽڹ㳡վһᣬгζԼ
֮һյʱ䣬ǲŲмɨһ۱ѧԱۼ֮أ󷵻ظ̨
ڶսϷʤˣ
һս㱱ʤڶսϷʤôҪսĽˡЦ˵
źĻ濴˿Ķ֣ǰ̾һ
ʱĶ֣ɫͬޱȵĲ԰ס⻹ûϳѾˡ״̬ϳҪڵгŹʱ䣬ҲǺѡ
ʱĶ֣ȷʵʧȥһƬհף˼άס
褵ˣסˡ
ֶսУȻ˭Ҳܱ֤ǲġ
ҪԵģϷĵࡣˣĺ˵ԱѧԱǶϷѧԱѵҲ
ĲȷԼԵʱ򣬵᲻ɱֵ֡ʱ򣬵ɱҪŪǿ¾
ˣսͽˣ
һЦ
ţӰ˸䵽·ϡ
Ϸķɣվ·Ÿ̨ϵĶ֣
ĻöǶһ£ĵĺǵ࣬Ȼȥ
ѵĽĿ⿴࣬ܵĿеɱ⣬ҪŲȴԼ˫ȣƺЩʹ
֣ȥɣǲУɣĿ⿴Ŷ֡
ԭͶԶûбϣڼ״̬͸Ӳκϣˡ
һ˫ᣬϷȷʵֻ˱塣
治İʲô취أʵˣҲı䡣
ĻȴȻվԭأĿŷ档
㱱ĵսԱʱ˰ɣЩͷü
ɫ
һ˫ᣬҪˣƺҪ
ǱĵѡȻսûˡһѧԺѧԱע֮£жôĶˣ
壬ΪЦĶ
Ҫ˰ɣ˵仰սͱˡ˵ȲȶһĽֵ⣬ȫϡ
ĻҲŭܶ޲ԼϳʵڲУԼսһҲС֪뷨ܱʵ
Ҫֱ䣬ֻĺѵ˵ڡ
˫ᣬ͵ΪֹɣһλһѧԺĳϣ˵
ţ˰ɡϷڱ˫ϣʤ
ûʲôͷˡ

Щ߲ȻҲ뽫ʱν˷ѵڣ͵Լڣϱˡ
ô£ĵô
ڵʲô
㿪ʼսһᣬһҪȥԳѧԺأ
˾Ͱˣĥĥģ
㳡ˣͷ塣
뾰վһıѧԱ֮ɫЩԺѧԱȻԺѧԱȡЦˣ
ʱ򣬾ȴȻ߳Ⱥϸ̨
ţ
ԣ
Եϸ̨ſԣüͷ塣
ʲô
Ҳžԣʶԡı󣬱²ӦǱѧԱ
̨ϵһЩϣҲžԡмˣʶԣ̷ĵΪԣǶ̷һλ˶ԣɫͱúѿĿҲ¶ŭ
Ǹ˭ôϸ̨ˣ
ףǲǾ𣿡
㳡ܣϳԡԺɲСʶҲ࣡
ˣ湰ּ
棬ǰڰ֡
濴
һ£ұȵ˫̸ġȻˣǾ˵ɡ
ϷĵѧԱ˾ɽʯ룬ӦԵǸͳ˵
ΪΪɽʯҵ顣Ա֤˫Ϸ˵¡
˵ʵʱϸ̨ЩõġԾԱ֤ˣɾԻǵȲ˫δʱȻˡѵһʱ䣬Ȳ
Ȼ˵ȷʵҪˣ˫ᣬҲǽˡɵսվûпʼҲû˵Ļ˫ûȫ
СӾǾԣһ˵Ե֡һǮڵһѧԺǽСĶ
ʯ֪ΪʲôҪôΪξֻʯұ˵ʯƲƲ죬žʵ


406 ս
仰þҲ΢΢һ㶡
û뵽ϷУȻ˵ȲҪĻ
ϷĵཫԼɽʯˣΪϷķԼɽѧԱĻҲ⡣ǣƫ࣬Ҳ޳̶ֳܵȰɣ
˾ԵʯǻǾдӡȻʣΪε಻ұʯר㾰ʯҲ̫Цˣ
ҵʯ֪Ϊңʲôԭ򡣡ԵҲǳӲ
ȻеƢȻôӲǺðֱҵʾͿˣ㻹ͷʲôЦ˵
ҲЦЦ˿۾
ˣûұҳͷԭǴֱȥҵģ֮Ըı⣬ΪŪ˵࣬˵Ҫ㹵ͨһ¡Ե˵
һ㶣
棬ֱסˡ
֮Բþȥҵ࣬ɲ¾Ū˵࣬ǵľԱŪˡ
ԵⷬǺܽ
ڿɫûҰо͸һЩţڱ˫ܵıУЩ
žԣ˵ͷ
ô˵Ƥӣĺܡ
СӣǾԣ
·ĵ࣬žԣŭ
һΪһֱţͷڹ꣡벻㻹¶档ӣм֣Ϊʯż˫ٺúõĺ͡бۣŴ㳡ϵѧԱ
֮УвϷʵζ
ڶѧԱⷬҡͷ鷳ˡ
ǵ࣬ôҾ鷳
һ֮ǰ̷ҪͷԣȴøԺ궯֣նɱһҾ鷳ˣ
ǾͲ֪ˣ긱Ժ뿪һѧԺûл䲻ҪȻΪǵӽˮˣȥҾ鷳

һЩ֪뿪ѧԱҲ֪ˣ׷¶Ȼı顣
ԣҲ飡
֮ϸ̨ҪսͲǣҪͷ棬ȫ˾Ե˼
ˣԿУҲ¡¡졣
ңսսҶԵ࣡Եͬ㳡
δ£㳡ԭֺ龰һɨաˣԲ۾˼Ŀžԡ
˺ʱ䡣
Ⱥ֮УŴһƬЦ
Ҫս
⾰ԣǿҲɣսƾʲô
ʵȷʵһ֮ǰնɱ龳ΪǮ򡣿ǣǮᲢ
棬Ҳɴ۾ȻžԡžԵĿ⣬ͻȻ׹ϸ̨Ҫæͷ׼սġ
ƺǸոµģϸ̨֮ǰѾ˵ġ
һ
ԣ˫ᣬˡɣ棬Ǳ壬Ҳ䲻ġս˰ɡڰ˵
ɲ뾰ϳֱӱɵǺӣһ˫ᣬ壬ҪָžԲμӶսϷأûֱ˵Բǵ֣Ǹˡ
СӣҿǷˣҪսǲ֪ߵغ񰡣㿴ûУǱĶ֣սûСΪ㱱ϣʮ֮µߣܣĵ
ʧ
츳ʵҲȴûһ֪֮
Ǻǣ˵һѧԺʷԺѧԱԣѡ뱱֮һЩϧءڿûʲôֵÿϧġ;Ը񣬿Ҳ˼ꡣȻڱղžԶײ
Щǹ㳡ܵȺУִһƬЦ
ԣ۾ź
ƺˣһһܵǳԾıˡЦе˵
ˣѾҪս˫ᣬǱ廹û䣡˵ţҲӦֱӾԾ£վ˵Ķ档
Եʲô
һ쾳ߣȥʲô
ǿЦ֪ʲôˣ౾ʹ鷳ڵãԼҿ»˻ɱ˾ԣ
ѧԱˣ඼¶ǵɫ
Ϸʮ֮ǰǿˣȥս˵𣿿ǵһɱˡ
˫üžվǰȰ˵
㱱廹˵ҸղŲΪս˶ҲˡҴˣڿ


407 
ҪԴĻѾߵĻ˻ȥ
սѡ֣ʱŵö³ˡǽоԻǱɳ˭ȥս
ȻԾҪΪսȥɣ̷Ӧȱ˵
濴Ӧȱһۣ
Ҳ֪Ժ̷ìܡӦȱУһֱԾ
һ²ŵԣһҪС
˷İɣ̨ЦЦ˵
УԶ
Сӣ㵨ӵǲСජžԣû뵽Ըս
ˣҵʵһֱ󡣡Ц˵
㵨Ӳ㻹ϳҶսѵ㲻ɱ㣿ȵ
ִ࣬ˣսΪӴ󡣶࣬η塣˵ҪɱңǸЦʵɱһԶƵ˵
Сӣŭȡ
Ե̬ȣֱ࣬Ϸʮ֮ѧԱǰĴڣƽ˭
վǰľԣȴ·벻ӡ˵裡
ৣֱһһɫٿ֡
óԵ𽣣Ҳ˲ȡɫ⣬ǰӿ
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֮Եٶȣһǳֲĳ̶ȡطӳʥ⽣ĹٶȣþԵĹ쵽ǵ龳ǿ߶Բ׽ĳ̶ȡ


408 նɱ
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˫ᣬϷ屻ܵϢڶ̶һʱڣһѧԺ
һЩûֳսѧԱոϢʱ򣬴඼¶ı顣
˫Ȼʱ䲻ʮһΣڵһѧԺڣעȻǺܸߵġ
֮ǰѧԱ˫ĽǶΪһ˫ᣬ廹ᱻܡԵ֪²෴ʱŶᾪȺ⡣
Ǿ֪˫ϣܻϷĹؼһ֮ǰԺľԣ
ԴսڵսУϷĵභ䡣ڵһѧԺԺԺǷǳġԣȴնɱ龳Ϊĵ࣬Ϣ˵֮󣬿֪
ңܿͼ˾ԡ
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410 
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411 ô൤ҩ
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412 ųϵĳԾ
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414 󱳾
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424 
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425 Ĵ
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426 ȫ궯
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ڸ߷֮ǰ˵ǰԻǺ쾳ߣΪʱ߷һǿˡǰԲֻǺ쾳硣ʱ䣬ʹͻƵ龳ֱЦ
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Ӿնɱμҳ֮ǰûᵽԼǵ龳ǿһ㣬ܿóǸ߷ʣ¾Իǲ˵ǻһЩߣǵ龳ǻ±˲֪
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μҵȳôˣûղţƺɱһŤͷ˿ðŵԺ䣬ɻ˵
֮ǰɱ˾ΪμҵĳϺɱˡɱܿʧҲһʱ䣬Ƶʱ򣬾Ϳһ龳ǿߴԺڷɳԶȥ
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˼ð߽ӽȥҲ˵ĿתĿšðߣܿԺ⣬쳤ӣҪ


427 ż˴
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峤Ժ˳ͷһӰ
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˭ɽ֮УһϯȫԪĿĶϵľԡ
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429 ȫ
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μ峤ɽǸֳЦ⣬ɽʡ
ûҾɽ¾˭µμңкĿģĪμгԹɽһ
Ӿ仰УɽжϳԵĿȷʵμҡԷԶġ
ҽоԣμңǸ㴫һϢһӽǰɣѾˣɱμҵļλϣһ˽ģҲɱɽ˵
ɽϢȻһ˫Ŀڣ֮УһƬâ
ոջؼ壬ʱȴһ龳ܹĶӺȳ϶ɱˡ
ԣ֮ǰǴ¼˵ˡȴû뵽¼еľԣȻǵ龳ߡ
ɱ⣬ʱؿӿ֪оԵ˵滰Ͳʶˣȴһڵ֣Ȼ˽Ӵ
Ϊðųͷɽŭͷת
ԣðţҵѣ̫һδθᣬȴϧͼðšԣֻܳɱԵͷ˵
ҹ㣬һǽϢ㣬ڶǣϣܵ˽μԺҪðŵ鷳ɽµĿǰΪֹμʧ󡣵㲻ȰĻԺĺƷǵһУܾûμҵλˡԻĿ˵
˵⻰ʵ飬Σ⻰ڴʱŭޱȵɽУȴĴ̶
ɽͳμôû˸ǰ˷ɱӺμҳȣ֮Ȼμ׿ڸһҪбĶ
ɽЦȫԪһƬŭΡ
һԲѵϢɽ꺮ɢĺ⡣
·μӵܣŵĿ֮ϵӰ
μҵڶ೤ϣҲۼ
ǡǸԣ¼ҲȺ֮УԾĿžԡ
ðУһƻɣ֪ʵ¡ɼˣҲû뵽Իһ龳ǿߡ
Ȼ䣬ȫӿһƬ⡣ǵȫʱЩҡܴðŻŻ㹻ˡ
ھԺɽŵʱԶ˵֮ϣҲӰ֡
ˣǺƷһеλ峤һ˾ҵ峤
Щ壬ȻõϢľ֮󣬱̾͸ĿãҪµ׻ᷢչһ
峤
峤
λһ峤໥˹֡˵ߣμլԺϿյľԺɽ
оԵˣǴðģӻ湻󣬾ȻһܵμլԺ峤Ŀ˵
˵ɣУȴԴųء
ǺǡɽҲ벻ɡԭðű׾ٵ飬ȴǵһ龳ߡɽ֪ðһ龳оĻ¾Ͳľˡ峤Ц˵
μ鷳峤ͺ峤˵Ҳϲּ顣μʵ˵洦ܴ


430 һز
峤ͺ峤˶һۣ΢΢һЦղ
֪оԵʵΣɽмʤ㣡峤˶ֵ
ǲģμҵʵӦһ⡣֪μҵʵȴһ˹ǾǶԼţ峤˵
е峤ͷ㹻ǿɽ޷ֵ£Ҳ԰Ȼ뿪Ʒǡ
峤Ŀһתŵͷ
֪峤˼ԲǺƷǵߣˡһߣȴƷǸ꣬кƷǵĳ룿
Ȳ˵ƷǳμҹϵΣǾԵΪƷǳ޹⡣һеƿߣڣžԵİȨλ
κһеĳϣԼдɱ䡣
Ϊˣ峤˵ⷬ
䡭
λһ峤̸ʱһɽ˶һɫش˦˳ֻ΢΢һһǿԪ֮˷
ӦԪ峤ͺ峤ˣһɫҲ䡣
龳ڣ
ɽȻǵ龳ڣ
һصú龳ڣǾȻ֪ϻ쵰湻յġ
峤ͺ峤Щ𾪡
һֱΪɽֻǵ龳ڵΪǽգɽҪնɱԣǻᱻڹ
УתͷɽΪ龳ڣԺڲҲҪһˡ龳ڵߣȵ龳ǿ̫ˡˣҲǵ龳Ϊѡ
ԣΣˣҲ֪ɽǵ龳Ϊɣ峤ҡҡͷ˵
δ£ɽеĺɫشѾһƬɫĲơµĺɫƣڿռڣһž޴Ŀɲ
ţشϱһڹ⣬ɢϢžλѹȥ
Сӣɱ㣬ȥֽðŵʬΣɽŭ˼㣬ѾںԵʲôûд󱳾
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ಣǺڹ⣬ѹ˲䣬ԵӰһѳشڹϮΧ
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֣ɱСӣ
·μ쾳УһͻȻһҲ似ʩչѧϵľԺɱȥ
Щ쾳ȻܷУʩչѧһԶϵľԹʮ쾳ߣͬʱǾ֪ʣ·𶼱Ⱦ߲ɫ
һռڵԪҲڵ˼㡣
μվҪϲ·ϣ
ǰȻ̳֮ϣһƶ
һ⣬ƺռ˺ѡμҵڶߣݺݵĴȥ
춼ɢ
ھԶ·ȺֵʱɽвԤСԣæһ
ʵ·˼гϹâӿϯʱҲٵҪɢˡ
Щ쾳ߣҪɢѣЦЦ
ʩչʥ⽣̺طٶȺ죿˵쾳ߣǵ龳ߣδܳɹܡ
ɫ⣬գۼЩѧ۵ĹΣ³ȥ
ۣ
ͣͣ
ɫ⣬쵽ޣЩ߽΢ζһ£Ѿǵغ
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ϵɽһĻĿѡ
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ңĹٶȣ쵽˼顣ôԶľ룬μҵЩߣȻܿ
˶תҺǵļ壬ûԡҪȻһܵǼȥзҺһǾͲˡ
Կ·ҡҡͷȻһնɱ˳μ쾳ߣǺ⡣ղǾۼߣжʮһɱȥ߸ѡ
С֣ҪɽѾȫˡ
ֱӣеĺɫش˫ĿķԡԵٶ̫죬ԶʩչѧЧԣ׼նɱԡ
ܿõ龳ڵɽܣˡ峤һ䡣
Ҳٶȿ죬ֻҪٶȣɽľ룬ɽĪκΡȻգٶμȺǸоʹ죿ɲΪ¾ԱɱΪżϣμԽԽá


431 ɵ
峤۾ż
˵ܵͣҪѣþѣɽضҲ룬μҺҿսֻܸɵֹ䡣
Զĺ峤Ҳǲ˼
˶סžԣ
һΣԸûܵ˼ǾڿСһ˫ǿհӣްɽ
ôˣ
ɽǻл·Ͻɰ㲻ٶȿ𣿡峤ͺ峤ְת
꣡
ûȵԷȵģȴǾԶɽӳһ
һ⡣
ɫĽ⣬ڿռڣקһĺɫβ档ɽϯȥ
𣡡ɽһŭ
кɫشݺݵ򽣹⡣ͬʱҲֳһĨпЦݡΪʱ뾰ԵľѾֻܽҪһôһ˲䣬ܵǰصԴôһӡ
ҪԵӣҸϡã
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ɽɫͻȻ䡣
еĺɫ޴ɫâӴֻоȫ΢΢һ顣еĺɫشַɳǵѾƿء
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Զ˵Ľֵ֮ϡ
һżˣμլԺ
μ峤;ɱ
뿪ðţμˣ벻ôɱ
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ԲԶĽͻʱżҾɾΪ˴żҵõꡣ͸ֵʯԴǲʶʵ⡣ɼˣǻûпԡ
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峤ͬҲǴ龳ΪɽȻһնɱ
ԣǴðĹ
Ȼۿɽնɱ˻šɽμңǵҺͺңͬǺƷһ塣ǺɽȻôˣ
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μ峤ɽһμңˡ
·μӵܣȫҳһš
һЩӱȽСģҵطܡһЩΪŭȴ˺µˣӶ߶ԪſеľԹ
ЩԾûκвԻǴ㷴
ΪһʼԾΪ棬ɱ¾μ˵ķŭ޷ƣǼɽˣμˣȻᱨðš
ٴɫâҪɱ·ЩʵǿҶμҳԱ
꣡ٴڿռۺӿ£
ˣ
ʱһͻȻμլԺ
͸һԵĳء
ţһɫĻ⣬ͻȻ𡣹â֮У̺˵ܣ·Ҫءգӳĳɫ
ɫĹΣٵתһУԻӳĽâ赲
ĿȻһ¶һ˿ɫӿμլԺ
û뵽μ֮Уɽ龳峤֮⣬ȻŸµߡߵʵҪɽǿ÷ǳ֮ࡣ
~ȣصĿ󴫳
ſһ͵Ӱ𽥸ֳ
ֻ½̤ǸߣڿС
ոճֵӰԵУҲɵ֮ɫߣȥѾ̬ӣƺڼˡϵϢȴȼյĻһļ¡
峤
峤Ȼţ
μҵ峤ڣ峤ţ
μһЩϴߣڿߵʱ϶¶֮⣡
ո߳ߣȻǣμҵ峤


432 
Ŀɨ·μˣǵı飬˵Ļ
ƺμҵЩˣΪǼ峤Ѿȥˡȴ룬峤δһֱڼլԺ
֪ߵݺ󣬾Եɫӽ䱸ȻԷμ峤Լնɱôμǿߣˣ
峤ɱɱоԵ
ԣɱ쵰ɱμʮߣ峤ս
峤֣ɱԣ
μҹӲдǿߣ׷ȵǵ񣬺޲Ҫ̻
ԣȴЦЦˣȻɱ˵ġ
μլԺϿյ峤ͺ峤μ峤ͬɵۡ
ΪҲΪμ峤Ѿȥˡ峤ֱǻˡ
ɽμ峤֮λаٶʱˡ߰ʮ֮ǰμ峤ûںƷǰ˶Ϊμ峤ȥˡ
λμҵ峤ڰ֮ǰʵͼǿμܳΪƷǵһ壬ɲΪɽΪλ峤
һʱȥλ峤Ϊǿᵽֵز˵μҵλ峤ûˣǼμҵĻҺͺң¾֣޷μҿ⡣
峤ͺ峤ɵЩߡðߣ֪μҹȥˣ峤Ҳȫ
ˣֶΣҲ̫̫ˣǲҪμӵܣ峤Ƶϣ飬֮еʣȴɽ
峤ⷬҡҡͷ
ǽģǾ˵˵㲻뽫ǾֱӶֱǣԵ
ڼʶɽ˵Ը󣬾ԶμˣȫʧȥϣԣҲ˵̫ϻ
λ峤ȻϢǿʢޱȣԸоóδʦͣڵ龳޿ɱܣôսɣ
㵹˵˵ʲô峤ѩ׵ĳƮڡ
񣬶Ƭ̲ſڵɽһӽҲ֪û˽⣬լԺеμˣӦ֪Ʒԡ˽⣬Щ
ƷһðŽ棬֮ڡμ컯֮¶ŮѶֶ֣һơӣͱѡμңҪ⳥ʮʯŭǣȻҪҵѣʱ䡣
ǺǣҸˣҲμҲֹһλᡣɽȴģμҵĴȴҪðţ
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һ˵Щ
ⷬЩ֮ǰμߣҲƿˡ
ȷʵҪμҸվס
̫ˣҲ˾ԡɽɳȥ棬Ҳڱնɱ
ϵ峤Ŀ˸
ȷʵѾû¶ˣҲӲμҵ顣ҪЩҲܿ˵Ķʵ
ƺһУμҵģ
Ҫμܡ
羰˵ھԸսμլԺϿյʱѾӦˡû̳ӦԡЩѾȫ˲ּ
ȻҲû뵽Եʵ֮ǿ֪ĻɽɱɽƷΣɽվμҵ峤
ʶɽԶǾԶֵʱѾˡԣֻüֹԼμЩ߶֡
峤ΪдĪֻμɱˣ˾Ͳܷ𣿡Цһʵ
峤üһʱ䣬û˵
дǴش
һȴ羪ը
üͷһŭ˲תԶ
˻ûѾ
ˣʵͬޱǿᡣ
ת֮䣬ԶϣһɫӰǼٱƽ
Ӱ֮μլԺܵȺٶȵķ궯
ǳˣ
Ԭ̻ˣȻˣ

һ
ˣǺƷǳԬֻ̻Ԭ̻ŭݣ׺ݵĶžԣϢԪΧ
㵽ǺˣΪҺƷǴɱ䣡ƷǳûﰡԬ̻һͳԾԺʵ
ԲǺƷˣȴƷǴɱɱȥĻȻ޹⣡


433 ʽ
Ԭ̻еŭ⣬ڳ˶ܸоõ
ԳԬ̻ķŭ˶⡣ǾԣҲһԤϣԼһеĳһͻȻһ߽Լĳеɱ䣬Լ϶Ҳ᲻죡
ȻԬ̻ķŭԲûκεǸ⡣
Ԭ̻ΪƷǳȴμҺΪھԿЩϸ
һһУǸġμңҪð˵ƷǳƽܶԺƷǸΪһЩЩԼμҸҪð
ͺñȵγĶٳǣٳԼƴ󣬿ԼվǲԾַսֱԼͨżңֹӶҹɱ֣ǶԸ˳֮ŶԾ֡
һģ
תĿ˿Ԭ̻˵ʵҲ붯ֵģƷǣֻһЩ˽£ûҪɱκ˵˼Щ£Ȳѡ
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Ԭ̻ĳ֣֮ǰ˵Ԭ̻ΪƷǳǲܶԾնɱƷ޶Եġ
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Ԭ̻֣ԿҲˣμ峤Ȼţɱɽμڶǿߣμ峤ܷž԰Ȼ뿪
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һˣҲŵ̧ͷʡμ峤ֵʱǾòԬ̻ˣȻͷۣҲ뿪˵˰ɣ
ˣʱμ峤Ԭ̻˹֡
峤Ԭ̻
Ȼμλ峤Ԭ̻Ϊء
μģ峤˵
ţԬ̻üͷᶯ˶

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Ԭ̻Ȼջ𣬲μ峤ҪҪԷһӡңμôǿߣɽ峤ˣμҪԣҲǺ
л峤Ԭ̻һл
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ˣղ˵ģȷʵĵ˵ð֮£μҵĴȷʵ̫Եˡ峤˵ʱδ
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վϣѳͷĵȴվϡμˣɱμôˣμ峤ɽҲܾ뿪
ðţҿԱֻ֤Ҫһţðžͱضܵμҵв峤һ˵仰
⼸仰Щ
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峤£ȴ˵ܷžԾ뿪ȷʵҲûκε⡣ǲμ¶ˣμ˳ʮǿߣȴҲʵ
峤ԵҲࡣ
峤Ҫһ϶ˡμ峤Ҫɱ͵ƾʵԾԲִУ
ˣ
˵ʵѾܾûгֹˡҲϿԪûʲôͷˡҲ룬ƴɱɣֻһΣܵסȫһҲ㾡ˡס㣬ֻҪ㲻ɱμӵܣȻ뿪μҡ峤˵
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λμ峤ȷʵþԲһĺøУȷʵҲնɱλӵߡ峤˵ܸܵˣϲŵԪȷʵûʣ¶ˣǲͻƵʦ졣
ڵסһ⡣ԷϢ磬ʵǿ󣬵ϾǵʦңǵʦھΪߣҪһնɱԣҲǰٷְ
ͬ⣡ԵһΣֻҪμҲٶ涯֣ҾͲɱμˣ
仰峤ƵϣҲֳһĨЦ⡣
ˣ׼ðɣңҪˣ峤ֱһУ˲ϢһɫԲԲϣɫâתܺ嫣ϸܵķƸֶ
ղ峤סնɱμӵֶܵΣȻǴɫԲϷ


434 ˵
μ峤Ҫ֣ԱҲԳء
ȻԼʵţǣҲСλμ峤Ȼ˥ܣԪݽߣԽˣȫܣŸΪ¡ΪѾ˼ɣûʲôǺ¡
ɫԲϵϹ⣬뵶ĹΣ֮ⶼƺסԪӿһɺƵܣμլԺϿգ
ǿ
Ϊǿ
μ峤ûнʦҲ಻Զ˵һֻѾ̤ʦˣ
ৣ
еδǳԬ̻ȴܣӿһԪֻɫҲޱȵءƬĻ֮УԬ̻뾰Ժμ峤սġͷԪסȻҲμ峤ͷų˼ɵ֮ġ
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ʮûмˣ벻μ峤ʵȻֵزϧԪݽߣмʮʱ䣬δؾͲܽʦԬ̻μ峤ת
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Ҳǣ龳۷徳ߡμ峤ͷųܸӦƺԼһĲ硣
ЩΧ۵ߣҲܸͬܵĺܡˣסĿתĶ֮ϵӰ
ԣܲܣס峤ȫһ
峤峤ˣʱΣ˲Ϣ˳֮ԶǶǵ龳ھߣ̫ĻǿûܵסԺμ峤Ķɢܣ
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ȻɲܣȻС
ɫ֮УĬĬת죡
壡ͷת
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ʵ㾰Բת壬Ҳܵ˺һЩˡԲðա
μ峤Ȼ˵ֻҪܵסһ¾͵Ϊֹ˭ܱ֤μ峤˵һԲתָ峤ټ˵£ԼԼѣ
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Ǿԡ
ᱻɱ𣿡˵ૡ
Ϊ棬ϹڵΣʱ򣬴һȷԻ᲻ᱻμ峤նɱ


435 
Χ۵Щߣֻܿʩչѧձ
ԼҲμ峤ʩչѧס
ǿ˶Էѧˣǻͷˣ
˵Щ쾳ߣ쾳ߣ龳Ϊ峤ͺ峤Ҳҡͷ̾һ
μ峤Ѿ˵ˣֻҪܵסһôնɱμӵ¾ˡϧվǵֵסµһ
Ԭ̻Ŀ⾪ɶűɫֵľԡȻҲ޷澰󣬲ȴܸӦϹ͸һϢƺԻûȥ
һƬϵˣҲֻμ峤ܹȽ֪Լһ޷ɱԡ

һˣμ峤Ц
еĿ⣬μ峤˶֪μ峤Ϊ˵ĻЩμӵܣɻ
μ峤Цո£ϵɫȫɢ
ԵӰȵ
ϵЩǽ֮⣬ھԵϣ˸Ҳ˺ۣ
ôܣ
Ҷۿʩչѧ峤ѧâסԡ£ôܰȻ
˵Щˣμ峤ˣжٴηһ̾
֮ǰ֪û
һι޷شԡǣû뵽ԾȻἸˡ峤ΪԶٻܵһơڿҲˡ
ˣĻҪǿ
˼ƴɱ¹˭֣ǲȷһιѾȫ֣ûκεıȴûܶԾκε˺
ǲɱһս²Ƕʱھܽġһսʱôڵ״ܱض࣬ѳɱ
峤ô˵峤
ˣμҵĶԹʹһʹɣμұ֤ðţڿʼ޷峤·Ѿָƽƽ˵
лԶμ峤˹֡
峤ͺ峤ˣʱ𺳵޷˵ԣֱǿ󵽿ֲĵزμ峤ȫһ֮£Ȼû˿ˡ
˭ţ
ΧȺ
Сӣμҵˣҵ⣬ڣԬ̻ȵ
жԾֳʵҲǳ𶯡ΪƷǵĳڶҪҾԵ鷳ھ͵ʲô¶ûƨˣ̫ˣ
ƷǳԿԬ̻Цʵ
ǺǡСӣһ뿪ƷǣԬ̻ٴαԵ̬ȼŭ
ô˵ҪսһˣһΣ
˵Իδ龳۷徳ɱ֮ǰڵһѧԺնɱĵ࣬Ҳǵ龳ھ߶ѡ
ƷǳҪսһǾҲ˿塣Ҫʹ˭˭
Ԭ̻һһӿ
Զ˵ˣƷǳûκαʾǽܵô˼һ˵Ʒǳˣ
ˣһԣ
Ԭ̻׼֮ʱμ峤ˡ
Ԭ̻תĿ峤峤˵
ˣμìܡڣμҵìѾˡ֮ǰɱ˼μӵܣɱμ峤ɽ֮Ѿһˡ峤ϵ˵š
Ԭ̻üתСμҵˣƷǳſʼô˵ʲô˼
峤۾У˸һӣͲҪٶˡ٣벻Ҫˡ⣬м仰뵥ͳ˵
Ԭ̻΢΢һ
μ峤⻰лʲô˼
Ҫ˵ʲôҪ˵
˼άתԬ̻ջǵͷã¾ȷ¡峤ȥǱ˵
СӣںƷڣԬֶ̻ԾԽкһ
Ԭ̻ӰһμլԺȥ
μ峤Ҳٴο˾һۣҶԾԵ˵ͷҲųԬ̻ӰӶȥ
Կ˿Ӱʧķҡҡͷμ峤Ҫ˵ʲôڼȻƷǳˡôҲ뿪μլԺˡ
Ŀ⣬ɨ·ڶμӵܡЩμ˿񣬾֮ҲķŭȻǶк⡣峤˵μҲðκ£ǵ˵ģμҶӦòв
μκԼԲ̫ں


436 Ԭ̻
Ԭ̻μ峤μլԺһڡ
峤Ҫ˵ʲôԬ̻ʱҲɻĺܡ
˵μλ峤ƷǳࡣԬ̻κƷǳʱμ峤Ѿˣμҵѻ˽ձɱɽ
Ԭ̻˼ҲȽܣʱλμҵ峤лԲʱ˳ֶԸԡ
μ峤۾УԬ̻
ˣղҳֹˣҲۿˣҵΪΣ峤̵˵
峤ʵǿޱȣѽӽʦԬ̻֪μ峤Ϊ˵ʵʵ˵ĻӦ
ãɱаɱңμ峤ʡ
ûаաԬ̻ɫ΢΢һ
ʵϣԼμ峤ɱʧܵĺܻܿԼ
ֹԭǸ˵ʵ֮£峤۾ͻȻһЩ˵
ʲô
ôܣʩչѧǱ峤˰Ԭ̻һ
Ȼģ峤ҡͷʩչѧȻ˵ѧǣʩչѧܣҲ˾ųϣʣµѾ١˼㱻ҵѧֱӹܺˡ
⻰Ԭ̻ϵɫٴδ䡣
ЩţҲμ峤ƭɡ˵ɱμôˣμ峤ԾԲ֮ǣҲƫԲŶԡԣҲ峤˵ѵɡ
峤˵֮ⷬǰԬ̻ûΪܹĳ峤һΪһʣࡣ
ԣ˵ʵǿҿ˵ʵ֮¡ɱձɱĿԳ˳ɡ峤˵
Ԭ̻Ѿ𾪵˵ˡ
ϣҪμ峤΢һЩμ峤ȴ˵ɱʤʲɡôɱջʲô
뼰ˣԬ̻ϣðһ亹
⻹ֻһ֮Բϣ㶯֣еڶԭڶԭǣǸ˵⡣峤һֱԬ̻ı飬֪ʱԬ̻һ޷ơ
ͣԬ̻ʶظһ䡣
˵ôˣᣬһһЩפյĵҩݡͣδжСɣԬ̻Ц
һֱ峤˵˵ģΪΪòᣬ峤ųƺˡͣ˭֪ж
òҲͶʮҡǶʮߣμҵ峤⣿
ⲻЦ
ˣʹˡ峤ЦЦ˵˵ͣȷеҲ˵ܿ϶ò벻࣡
Ԭ̻峤
ò벻ࣿ
ѵ峤˵Ǹ˵ͣҲͶʮң
ԽģԬ̻ЦôĲǿЦ𣿶ʮĵ龳ߣ龳۷ǿ߿⣿
Ԭ̻峤̺˼㲻Ҫңֲɵġ
峤ƺѾԤϵԬ̻ţЦЦ
Ųæļ˵ˣܿҵŰɣ
ţܸоóԬ̻ͷ
ȷʵԼμ峤Ԫڿٿݽߡ⣬ʮ֮ڱȻԪݽߣ޷תġٵҩҲһ٣õһЧɵڶηЧͻἱٽͣοܾûκЧˡ
ҲҲ֪һʹʲôפյҩ֮Ķ޷ıɣ峤ʡ
֪Ԭ̻ٴεͷ
ԪĸӦ̶ȣҲúˡԣܸо˵ͣ峿գ峤˵⻰ʱЩп
Ԭ̻۾һɣӶҪӡ
ͻȻ뵽Ԫˣȷʵ궼кĸӦ
ʱ𾪣Ѿﵽһޡ
峤˵ģôǸˡôܣǵڣô츳ߣ
Ԭ̻ݺݵ¿ˮ
Ǿãˣ϶ͬһ㡣֣ɱһͷ󣬳ƺأ峤һᣬȵԬ̻΢˸ոϢż˵
Ԭ̻͵һתĿ
ǰ
һʮĵ龳龳۷ľţܼ
峤Ԭ̻˵˵ˡξǱԬ̻Լˡ
ʵ֮ôΪԬ̻ΪμҡʱμңѾʵڣμһԪ࣬μҸúȥδӣ


437 龰
Ԭ̻ԵԺμңԬ̻Ӧһô󣬼μҴһȥҲᱻЩȫԵ
˵μ峤Ϊ˼壬Ҳģ
峤飬ȼˣڽƽԬ̻ٴζμ峤֣ǣ
Ԭ̻뿪μլԺͬʱԺһˣҲڷżҵ·ϡ
ʱһˣԾԳ˾η
ǰߣһλǿڰμ峤ȻĪκΣ
֮УͻȻЦЦһ˵峤ǲлҪ˭
Ͳһӷż֮ʱϵıͱȽϹŹ֣л˵ȴֲ˵ӡ
ԡһԵѯʣϼһȻЦݡ
Ƕң̬ϲҪıʲô԰̾һ峤˵ʲôֱ˵ǣ
㣬ҪҪھ뿪Ʒǣģżңһ¡صĹȥ졣
üͷ΢΢һ塣
Ҳھ뿪ƷǵġԿһ峤ãżңżҴ鷳ĻҿԲȥżңҲԲμʦ񡣡
һɫ͵ķףݺݵҡͷ
㲻ҪᣬҲ˼ʵԬ̻ˣɽȫ֪ͬżҵĹϵҲԲǨŭżҡҵ˼ǣ㡭Ҫͳͻ𣿡һ͵ٺܿ졣
˵ĵҲʵ
Ԭ̻ԸȷʵΪԶǨŭżҡһʾҪҪ뿪ΪԿǡ
ʵǿԬ̻ͻǻʲôĽأԬ̻ʵǿǾԿܻᱻֱɱʵǿӶɱԬ̻Ԭ̻ǺƷǳɱһ¨ӿɾͱˣ
һĽͣԵǿοһЩ
峤ҵ£㲻õģзִġƽ͵˵
ǣǣһæͷӦ

Ԭ̻뿪μլԺֱӻصɫѿ
췢飬ȷʵһӻ޴йμ峤˵ǷԬ̻治ֱȥҾˡ
ˣԬ̻Ҳģ
Ԭ̻󲻾ãһӰ첽߽
ˣңˣԬ̻ʵ
ˣǳܹܡ
ܹܣȥ£Ǹ˵ıҪ֪һСţóһȥԬ̻ܹܷԸ
ܹܣȻҲ֪Ԭ̻ԭ֪ͬԬ̻Ҫһ
ǣȥ죡ܹӦһת뿪
Ԭ̻ĺһĿо
μ峤˵ĻԬ̻ȷʵܾšҲμ峤˵ѵɣǣҪһʮ͵ˣǵ龳ߣܱ龳۷ǿߣĺ˵Լš
һҳܹܣҪԵĵϸڳҪ֪ԾǺηʥʲôı
ʱ䣬һζ
ԺμҵĳͻȻˣǰֻǰμңնɱμ峤ɽԼλμҳ£ȻںƷڳš
£Ʒڷ¼ˡˣԴ˶ֵ
ż峤һ򴺷桢緢
Ϊǰ뿪μլԺʱһżһߵġʱ˫۾һĻӶҲ֪żϵ
ƷЩͷͷԣٶĵݻһ̬ȣֱһַˡżҲļ峤һǰٴǫ̬
Щʲô
Ҫң峤һȥǳеĽ̸ӵĴԵݡһ֪Ҳֻܸ࣬峤ǵһѧԺѧԱżѾȥϵͬһ㡣
һǳĵԶкøУ͸Դ
峤ⷬҲԺżңҪŴһЩˡ
ҪȻŪþ͵Ǿô죿ΪðɱμңɽѵͲΪżңҸ峤
Ȼ֮У峤˾
һȻޱȵã峤й˴üĿ̬ȣǰҪ峤Ҫ峤飡
ڣ
ܹܣӵһǴϢ
񣬺ģոյõֽչɨݡֽϵݣǹھԵĵ顣
ʲôܹܿſţͷһУǱ飬·˹һ㡣


438 
ܹܱǵ龳ߣǺƷǳܹܣҲʶ㡣
ǣ
ݴǴϢ֮ȫһ޷Ƶľг
ھԵϢ̫ˣ
ɫ䣬һ
ˣ´Һñμ峤ҪȻĻֱܹܼȥ
оԵߣίʵǺƷǳԬ̻ܹǵģ
ಣܹܲҵ飬æٶȥԬ̻
ˣԬ̻סķڣܹܴ첽˽
ţ𣿡Ԭ̻ܹܣʵѾȥʱ䣬ҲϢˡ
ţϢѾˡܹܵͷ˵˵ֽоԣǶٳǾҵߡ
ٳǣԬ̻һ
ΪƷǵĳȻ֪ٳǵġٸУÿһ֪ⶫٳǣֻǵڵһСУƷǶȶٳǸ߳һȼ
ССߣԬ̻Ŀðһƾ⡣
ԣڵľԣǵһѧԺѧԱڵһѧԺڣ󣡡ܹܼ˵
ţԬ̻ͷһѧԺѧԱҲʲô
ԾԵʵڵһѧԺкܴǲ
ǵһѧԺѧԱǵʦЭĵʦ˲츳ǿޱȣڵϵĳɾҲߣܹܽ˵
ʲôȻǵʦԬ̻ϣ¶һЩı顣
Ԫ½ϣʦȷʵǱȽĴڡ˵Ʒ֮ڣ龳ߣҲмǵʦֻһһ˵ĵӡһ£ʵ޷ìܣȷʵǲ뵤ʦͻ
оԵˣͣԬ̻뵽μ峤˵Ļμ峤Ȼ˵ʵò¡
ϢʾԵͣǶʮҡܹɫȻ
仰Ԭ̻ವһ´վ졣
ȻѾ׼ܹ˵ԵͺԬ̻࣬Ȼ޷Ƶġ顯ֱ
ʮ꣡
꣬Ƕʮҵ͡ʮ꣬е龳Ϊƥμ峤ʵ˿Ʒǳ֮¡
ԣʲôĹ̥ٳǾңʲôļ壿ڣôܳ
УһʱðܹҲĬû̾ͼ˵Ϣ³Ԭ̻ҪһЩʱġ
ʱԬ̻ȻҲȷˣμ峤ȷʵûڲƭԼǸԣֻжʮҵ͡
˼ʱ䣬Ԭ̻صĺһֿܹܡ
ٳǾңһʲôļ壿Ԭ̻ޱȵĺ档
⾰ҵûʲôصģٳֻһСУڳڣǱȽϴļ塣ǰһʱ䣬붫ٳһս˶ԷڵľңǶٳǵһ塣֮У˾֮⣬ûеڶ龳ߣ
ǵû̫ǿıԬ̻˵ͷɣԽйҺ̸һ¡ǵһѧԺѧԱǵʦЭᵤʦܶҷϸĻɱμ¾˰ɣ
Ԭ̻Эˣ
ˣһҪ֪Ȼ岻Ǻǿдɽܹҡҡͷ˵
ʲôɽԬ̻۾һ
뿤ܹĽϵǳܡǵõϢԳĽܹܸͺԼһܹܵ
仰Ԭ̻ɫ΢΢һĽȻ֪ܹܣȨء˵ֻǺƷǵĳǵļгĽǰҲҪӵġ
ĽϵܣͬʱԿжʲôĶ飬Ϣûʾͨһ㣬ܿһ˶ԣǷǳصģܹ˵
һ㣿Ԭ̧̻üܹʶʡ
ĽϵͬһʱѾȫҪԸˡԣǲĴڣǻ֪Ҿ鷳ܾܿҪͷˡĽȻֱһеĳĽǿܹܣĽڿǰĻǿŪҲһ仰顣
˶ǷԵ飬Լ඼Щľˡ
ٳǵһγǰһʱʧˣûлصٳǡԶٳҪһµĳǵżҰ࣬ķѴԴҪż˵ζٳǵĳܹܵ΢΢Щ
һ㣬˵ġղոտѶϢʱҲǱһŵýг


439 ҩ
Ԭ̻ܹܣ˵ȥ
ٳǽһСУżȴǿ֮һżҶԶٳǳְλ˼ôҪõְλӦûǲѵġ
żȻķѾ޴ۣãնٳǳλӣȴδ䵽ż˵ͷϡεĶٳǳǾһλ۷徳ĳϡżһУ壡ܹһ˵
Ԭ̻ɵˣ
㶵Ŀܹܣ
ٳ³Ǿҳϣңһ龳ṳ̂ߣ
ٳȻСУôһδ龳ߵΣƺûйɣ
֮ҳϵζٳǵĳԭԡ˵Ҫְλ˾ͺԥˡܹܳ̾ڷ
Ԭ̻壬·ȫɣϡ
Լ˼άЩתˡ
Ҫһְλ͸ˣңԻԼγþһ۷徳ĳϵγ
żҷ˰쾢Ͱװùżˣ϶ԸٳǳǱҳϵΣҲ˵żڿǰԶ羰Ҫ
УԬ̻ܹˣð춼û˵
˺һᣬԬ̻ٴγ̬Ѿȫ˱仯ֻоԵƷɱ˼ˣǺǣɱ˼𣿱˵ɱ˼ˣǾȫμΣ
סż𣿡Ԭ̻ͻȻ÷ǳͣ˵ֵʱ򣬴һֹ
ǵģʲôܹĿдź濴Ԭ̻
ԶΪƷǳôܲȥһأȥżңԹȥҲܣʧԬ̻΢Ц˵
ܹ΢΢һ㶡
˿Ԭ̻Ҳǲ̾һԬ̻̬ת䣬ǿò˼飡
ˣ֮ǰ뾰΢һЩͻƷǸܹ˵û˵
˼ˡ
֮ǰԾҪҪɱģȴʺеǸ˼ⲻԼԼ
Ԭ̻ܹܵ˼ٺһЦ˵Щ˻ᰵзǰɣνٷ飬Ҳܽô˵ˣȴﵽҷŵ̬ӭӣӦõ𣿡
ȽǸĳгְλȱˣо΢æĻҲҲл𣿡Ԭ̵̻˵š
Ӣܹæ
ҲòԬ̻죡

ʦۡ
ʦһżҾųϣԸ˹֡
ʥҩʦо𣿡һЩеʵ
ھμҳͻѾһ;ųϵڶˡ
ռʶԵʵһżˣѾʥҩûκλɡǺ;ԻصżҺ󣬱ҸҪȡƿʥҩ
ȻʧˣڼΪɣܾһʥҩȡء
֮һ;ųˡ
ţѾˡУͷ˵
ԣһ;ųɫ΢΢һϲ
ֱһӣƿϡ
峤뽫ЩҩûȥɣƲƲ˵
һӰһҪƿҩȡأĻ΢΢һ
ҩһЩһƵĿ
ųϣҲ˫ü
ԣƿҩȫǼҩûκμֵ˵ʲô߽ܰ죬ȫǹƨ֮Աǵ˵
ôǼҩ
ԲܣƿҩǾóģôǼҩһٵ˵
ڲ֪Եʵ֮ǰһ;ųϣҲʥҩĹЧԴ֪ǵ龳ߺǾû˻ɡ
ǿߣбҪüҩƭ˵ԶżûκΪҪüҩڲƭ
峤˵ƿҩǸμҳͻľóģ΢΢һ
԰һŸ
ʦǲǼˣųüͷߣôҩƿҩǾ͸żҵƿɣ
һ;ųϣʼɸˡȻͳҩȴ˵ҩǼٵģôܾܿǸƿʥҩ͵ˡ
ųϵĻɫһڡ
ʲô˼
ߣΪ˼ƿҩ˷Ϸʱ䣬ƿҩȴûκμֵǣȴ˵ϷҪ˽ǵҩ𣿡ȵ
λذɣˣҩʯԺǸϷ͹վ


440 ӲС
żլԺԵסƷ۵Ҳ
󲿷ʱ䶼;һϣ㲦䣬Ծо޴档
֮ǰ֪ʵʱż˲ϣӴڣż˶ھߣȻϲּǰͲþĿ
ʵѾԳԽˡҸʥҩһγɹͻӦò¡Զ
Ϊָơ֪ʹʥҩĻһγɹĿԼ󡣿˵ֻҪ⣬ضܽ쾳硣
츳ǺܲģżӵУ϶ʲô
Ը磬ʥҩ׺峤ˡֱ˵
ûʲôǸΪβʥҩͻƵʱֱӾ͸˾ԡ˼ܵˣǿܾͻ뵽Կ˶ŭԲ˵
ʥҩ㸸ˣ˫üһ
Щҩʥҩ͸ġڣųϺһȴߣʲô˼
УʱЩ
ǵģͷ
ҩأʡ
ĵҩ׺峤ˣ˵ǵҽ죬ʹЩҩ˵
Ե˵ͷеĻСһЩ

ʱ洫кż峤һ
Ժ񣬶˷䡣
֪ʥҩһߣԴʱɫ϶̫ÿ죬ֻҪһƿʥҩɣһƿʥҩҪһƿɣ
峤á㣬ƿʥҩȫˣʵĿ⿴һ;ųϡ
һ;ųϣɫһס
ʥҩһһʱ䣬Ҳ֪ô˵˵
Ӹʦĸۡ뿪һ;ųϾͶ룬ô뾰˵ʥҩ񣬿ȴʥҩĹЧȥⲻ͵˵ǲž
һ;ųϣҲĺܡ
ʲô£Կ˱飬п顣
㿴ҩǲ͸ЩһһҧҲȥˣӸۡƿҩóݸԡ
ЩɻĽӹ˿
ƿҩĴƿûʲô⣬͸ġ
ţִ򿪴ƿһ򿪣ԵĿһƿû⣬ҩȴʥҩ
ҩô£¿һˣҲһЩ
һԵһ;ųϾȷˣҩȷʵǳ⡣ΨһܳĻڣǸʦ
ǣû뵽ʦΪƿʥҩȲҪ顣
һԼҩȥʦ飬ϸĶԾԽһ飬˿
ߣҲҵģҩʲôϵõţǽҩȥ𣿡ȷʵЩջ
һ;ųϣ͵ͷԹѵ
ǲҶײԣȴ룬Ҫ֪ôǿǳԱ˳ŵģҩȥ
ʦʦԿ˿ˣתʵ
ǵģǺƷʦ֮һһӡȷʵҲû뵽ʦ³һڵ˵
֪ҩ͸𣿡Եͷʡ
ڵ֣쳹ƷǡǸںƷҲͷˣ֪ܲμҵĳͻҲӦ֪Եʵնɱμ峤ɽμȴĪκΡ
֮ǰ֪ܲȥȡҩʱѾȷ˵ˡһεĵ
ԣϢ΢΢һ
֪ҩҵģƿһｻǣһ⣬ھӿ
ɲֹˣϻ쵰Ҫ֧ʯļءųȻҲһӻʱֱӳƺΪϻ쵰ˡ
˵ӻ治СءЦȥ
Ǻһȥɣһæ˵
ãǸңĸۡںδǡ԰ڰֵ
ĸۡλú󣬾Ա뿪żլԺ
֪ϻ쵰᲻ύƿʥҩųϵ˵
ߣ϶ǲ֪μԾãȴ¾Ķ˵óҩǼҩҿԼˣһҲҧгݵ˵
ף峤ǾͲӦýҩȥһԣС죬˵
һˣʱ¶εı顣
ʱһҴұܹ峤ˣ


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һ͵һ
μҵĳͻˣԬ̻ĳͻû
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룡һ𶯺̾˵
żһң
һͶżҳϣ룬Ԭ̻Ѿ档
峤ããԬ̻ż˽ȻվЦ˵
һżˣֱӾסˣ
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ǰǺƷǳż˾˱ӵҲԲ񡣳ǣżҲںƷǻȥˣ
峤ҪΪ˼ģ˵żң֪峤ܷһ£Ԭֱ̻ӵԼ⡣
ȻҾԵģ
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һˣԽºͿˡҪҾԣȷġǣ̬ȣƺЩԾ
Ҫż˰æһ£
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ԣǸμҳͻľԣӵһӵࡣԵҲ׹
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֪ʣ
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ԣʥҩѾ峤ȡȥˣȴʦҪʲô˼¼ȴԥģѡվʦһߡ
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Ҹղȥżң֪ҸԣҾ̸˹֮ۡĳԬ̻;Զͣ˵
лˡ۾ЦЦ˵


444 Ԫ
Ԭ̻ƴҲһĵģ˵Լȥżң֪ҸڽͣҲ±˸پԡ
ԿԬ̻һЦݺͰɾӣʵҲƣǲȷԬ̻ΪλıԼ̬ȡʣҲֱѯʳ
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Ԭ̻ԪȻ󣬵ȵõԵ飬ȫﳬֵ

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445 
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446 жʧ
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Ȼкܶμ񣬲ǰμļҲв١żլԺǰϾͷܶһһĵ
Ȼ˲٣һżҳϵɫܺÿ
ΪĿǰΪֹƷЩļֻһżˣһֻһܶѣϼﶼû֡
ͷƶͷʱűϡϡ
ԺУڶͷͷԣһ
ٺ١˵ǲ٣ûĴ
ǰѹӰ컹ǷǳġЩ壬¶Ĳ죬Ų
һΣһЩˡû뵽μģЩСС
֪Щ˶ҲͲˡôû˹һҲܶǺҰɣ
һЩ˾һ𣬵ţ¶ֻı顣
˺õˣĶǲȱģ
żլԺ֮⡣
һλ̾Ϣһ
˿λһۣҲҡͷǶ֪λΪ̾Ϣ
Ѿܲˣ峤һȴҪоڣ½չˣôġ
ԣҲͷ
Щˣǲ֪Ѿ뾰ͽ˰ɣ֪ĻӦþͲ᲻ˡһλü˵
żѾϢ֪ͨˣǵ顣һЦ˵ļ壬ˣҵûʲôܡֻҡЩ˺İ
һĻλϣɫҲЩࡣû˹ż˿϶иһʱ޷⿪
峤쿴μˣһͻȻɫһĿǰڼӰ֮ϡ
һˣҲӹȥ
μҶϡϡųϡʮϣһԾĵૡ
μʲôųϵ˵
żμңû̫ĽΪμҵĳͻżҶμҶ˵⡣
µİɣżҴϳ
Сĵ㣬񣬾ԲܳӣһæμӦòôçײɣżңѵǾ͸£Ͳ¾ȥμһˣ
μ峤ɽʮμʵǿĳϣμʵѾۿۣҪǾȥһΣμҾͲںƷǻȥˣȥμ峤֮⣬żҶѹμˡ
峤
һЩɵʱμҶϣϴ΢ЦѾߵǰһ֡
μҶϴͷμҳϣҲŹּ
⺢һӣϧˣ峤ǽڰ˳䣡μҶϴűݵ˵
һ˶΢΢һ㶡
ȲμҶǲװģװģ̬ȣҲµġңμҶԴ£ǳ¡ذȻֱλϣɲһеĴ
ϡϡ룡һӦܿ죬ͻָɫμ˹֣ӭ˽ȥ
ֻҪμ˲µģżҵȻǻӭġձμʵڶ壬οһ龳۷峤ڡ
żլԺеˣٻڵյͻȻǿμҶλϵȫ¶𾪵ɫһһȻҲû뵽μһ˹μ
ǿ˭ˣμ˶Ӧİɣ


447 
μ֮ǰż˵ûʲôԹϵ㲻ܡ
ΪԵԵʣμҶżңӦóӵô
ôμҽ˲μʲô˼
μ˵ĳ֣ȻС궯Щԭų۵ˣһӶˣɲĿμҳϿ߹
ѵμҵģ԰˵ǸԴʱż֮ڣμ˾вҲ֪ϵңǾԾԲŹǣ
ԭȽصƺҲΪμ˵ĵһɫ١ô˵μҶǺƷǵһļ塣λμҳһ볡ǵƾȫһ
լԺ
峤һٱ۽峤Ժ
ʲô峤ɫһ
Ͷλҳϣ̸ۣԬ̻⼸Ϊһֱûжͳ˽ȻǳĲá
ǡż飡峤һԲһ¡
⻰峤ȷʵȥϴ̽ϢšȻ˲׼μˣҪ֪Щȥμ
˵峤˻֡
ǣμҶϡǶǰżңμ񡣡
ʲô峤ͳϵˣϢһ
Ǹոգ˵һ᲻ȥμ񡣵Ǿûۣμ˻᲻ȥμΪǿμ˾Բȥμ
ϢȫǵԤϡ
ңμ˲ȥμ񣬶һǳ峤ϡǶϡϣμҪĳԱ˵μ峤֮⣬ϺϣμȨصˡ
ȥμм˼
۲죡Ƭ̺峤ٴζԻڰ֡
ǣӦȥ
μΪβμ񣿡뿪峤ɫصĿλҳϡ
Ī˻뾰ԵĹϵһλϲ²˵
ԲҺƷˣҪ뿪Ʒǣμ˻뾰ԵĹϵʲôãƷǣǳԬ̻ƿأһλҡͷ
ܲȥ°ɣԻżڣԾԵʵ˵ĸߣĸ龳ȥˣ¶ȥ޻أ
ȿɣμ˵뷨ʱҲŪ峤
峤μ˶ȥˣǲҲȥһ˫ü˵
ٿܾãЩͬѰԬ̻ڽ죬ͻж峤˵
żլԺ֮⡣
һˣɫȻÿࡣμˣһ񣬹оͱθࡣƷ֮һμңɲһ˵ܹǲμӵġ
һ˶ҵԹȴΪμ˵ĵһ֡
μҶˣңȴ˶ɹ
Ǻǣ
ż֮ǰһֱհټɵҲӦɸ˹ʾһ°ɣڵãҵĹӰӶû
峤쿴
ʱ򣬾ųͻȻֽһ
ֵһˡһˣһϮɫ۵ĳԬ̻
ų۾˵ɣϸ˿ȷʵǳûԬ̻Ϊγѵɺϣ
峤һżϣҲ۾ɵùԲ
ţԬֱ̻߹
峤ųϣڰ˳䰡ϧ⺢ӡԬ̻ߵһǰ̾Ϣһ˵
Ԭ̻˵ⷬһ˾ȷˣԬ̻ȷʵμġ
ֻǣĺǰ龰ʵ
˵żμһ˲ЩϲĻôԬ̻μһ˾ȫ˼޷תˡ
վԴӸۡ󣬶˵ˣԬ̻Ѿ⿪ˡǣһ˻û뵽Ԭ̻μ
٣Ȼ䵽żҵͷϡ
Ҫ֪Ԭ̻ǺƷǵĳ˵ż񣬾һ峤£Ԭ̻̫ܻμӣҲɳܹܹʾһҲˡҲһ峤񣬻Ԭ̻Բμӡ
ҲΪˣһ˲Űζû˵Ԭ̻
峤㲻ӭҰԬ̻һ˵ı飬ЦЦ˵
ʱһ˲ŷӦ
ˣ룡һæ񣬽Ԭ̻Ժ֮ڡ
ֱʱһ˲ף˵⿪ʲô˼ֹ⿪ˣֱǱܺѰһ˴ʱȻ˷ޱȣȴҲûȫͷԣǶԬ̻ĵԲǿżҵϣǿھԵϡ


448 ȫϹ
Ԭ̻ǰһں
ˣһǲóԼլԺԣֻ¾ųϼӭͣ˾ԸԬ̻뵽լԺ֮ڡ
Ԭ̻լԺ֮УԭҺĹ㳡ϣ˲䰲ͺһʧȥ
һĿ⣬ȫӹ
ˣ
ˣվηĿ⿴ųԬ̻
Ԭ̻ƷǵĹߣеڣž԰Ȩλĳ
ʲô˼
ĪҪǾˣ
пܣûʲôڵŽ챬
ǲˣҪǳǾżҴսҲᱻ꼰
֮һЩ˵вˣЩڳϯżˡڸǻᣬǿ϶̾뿪
μҵļλϣʱҲɫء
˵ʵ⼸λμҳϣǲμġ
նɱ峤ɽμҶλϣԹҪһӷ£Щǿѡ
֮ԹΪμ峤峤Ը飬ǲҲӡ
Ҳʹ峤뾰гͻμҵǲμ񣬻᲻ʹ졣峤ֻЦЦ˵뾰ԲгͻμżҴùϵμֻкôûл
Ȼ峤ô˵ˣȻҲٶʡ
ڼμҵļλϲҲɣҾ鷳ġ峤Ҳˡ
ˣ
ˣ

һЩͷͷԣԬ̻Ԭ̻Ҳ˶ͷ
ʱԬ̻ɫȷʵǱȽϳصġϾ֮ϣܲĻӦЩ˰ɣǶȥĲأǾǲؾԣء
һԬ̻ҲΪϵͬһ㣬ܿµĹϵ
˼ɫÿãԬ̻Ҿ鷳ġ
ಣ
ʱһɫӰ֣˹
ոճֵˣȻǾԡ֪Ԭ̻ˣ
Գˣ
;ԣվҪϣ
ֻǡǲЩˣϾϰ㣬żԺôںƷǴȥ
ˣž߹ԽԽ

˶ΪԬ̻Ҫ쭵ʱ벻һĻˡԬ̻ǿ첽ӭǰͿ뾰Դ˸кƺ
һĻԬ̻˶㱻°͡
꣬ҪϹˣ
ңҳ˻þһжģ
Ҳֻþ˻
ȺһըһģĿɿڴ۾úţһ㡣
ãҲ˹֣лܹ
뵽Ԭ̻μ񡣲Ԭ̻ˣǱȽϸмġ
Ե̬ȣԬ̻жʱһϲ֪ˣȻ˵ôǰֳ̬ȣ뼸ǰμʱԱ̫ǿңΪ뾰Լ飬һԬ̻ʲô
͸ԵԪֵãǳֵã
ӦõģӦõġС㡭̫ϧˣǸĶȻҶС֣쵰ѾնɱҲһҪɱ˻쵰Ԭ̻һ̾Ϣһŭͺ
Ҳ֪򣬾ҲΪ˳
Ԭ̻һۣû˵
Ԭ̻ʱЩΣƺֵЩͷˡ⻰˵Щ̫ʡ
ԶԬ̻һĶ
ãԬ̻Ӧһ
ȵǰ΢һǾϹ
Ԭ̻ⷬܵЩˣٴŴͣʵڲ֪һЩʲôˡ
μҼλϣʱζĶһۡף峤һ˼峤ȷʵ棬뵽ԾԻı̬ȡ
μȷʵˡǣǷҺͺҶû˵ʱЩ
լԺڣ
첽峤Ժ
峤ͳϿӶ΢΢һ֪żլԺǱϢˡ
ô˳ϯ𣿡峤̾ͳʵ
˳ϯӦ˵
ţ뷨һġ峤˵ͷЦǺǣ峤ǲɵ
ǰǸϼһһֱĺܣһҲЦ˵
ȣһǱȲϡżҵĸҽһйúýͣٸôһġҾͲˣǺѵõżҵ⡣
峤죬۾Щ⡣


449 
ֻһżңȻҪӣҡļ壬Ҳȫÿżʲôܡ
ǣżҴһ龳ǿߣ龳ǿʵǳֲҺͺҵļ޷龳ǿ߾ԡ
˭ףҺͺҾȥȥμԵɣҪǾԡ
ƷǳԬ̻ǾɱɱԣżȻͲʲôǣּʺܵͣ
վμլԺϿձֳʵ峤Ŀãμ峤䶼޿κΡǼ뾰Զ֣Ҳɱԡ
ֻҪԲҺͺļ壬Ͳżҡ㾰αϳƷǣһΣڶΡ
峤ʱЩΪԼľմմϲ
һԵżһɫȴѿ߲ľֵܲģҲܿ峤ΪλôᣬΪλ᲻˳ϯż
峤峤̬Щ̲ס˵żլԺ⿴龰
ŶʱҲˣ˵˵ЩȽϴļϯ񡣡峤ڰ֣۾ʵ
μλϳϯ
Ѿ֪ˣأ峤鵭Ȼ
СҲȥˣڻ˵˳
æϢǳμ¡֪Ϣҹϵش
ԭ鵭Ȼ峤ˣӣһӱþ
ȥżң峤һɴ۾ʵ
ǵģˣȥżҳϯ񡣡ͷ˵
ʲôϯ񣿳ȥżңضǾ鷳ǰû֣ڵ񰡡ҪϣԾԶ֣ǶżҶǳˡһλҵĳɫȻ˵
ȥ۲죬ǾԶ֣̻峤ǻԸ˵
ȻҲΪȥżңΪҾԵ鷳
峤ȥżңΪҾ鷳ġˣΪ˳ϯ񡣡æ͵
˿˼ǾԣǳĿƺޱ˵
Ԭ̻뾰ԼʱڳдĿⶼĿáϢһʱ䴫ȥҲǺ顣
⻰峤ͳϣЩɻ
ǰμҵʱ򣬳ԾԲҪҪɱô첻ͱ˿ˣ

ѵǶδѣ
峤ˣĿһۡȻǲ˵ٻģôʱضǷ¡ֻЩʵ
ȥμ񣿱˵񣬾ż峤һ񣬳ҲɳȥʾһҲˡ
Ū״ʱһλҵĳϿ첽˽
λҵĳϣҪĹռһºƷǵ鱨𼱻ǵ峤Ȼǵõ˷ǳҪϢ
峤λһصĶ峤˹֡
˳ϣк£峤ҲæҰ˳ϡ
ڳļλϣĿڰ˳ϵϡ
峤ˣʦˣ˳ǳС
ΪʦƷǿʦҵȼϵȽƵȻǴ£ƷڶǴ¡
ʲô
ʦˣô£峤һĿбһĨŵĹâ
ҸոյõϢǾйءǰþ͸żһЩҩżʦҩĹЧȻʦ뽫Щҩ˽˾ԡ˳ϳ˵
ôܣʦҲʦΪƿҩ˽̣⻰峤˶Щ֮Աǡ
˵ҩ
һҩҲ̫ܻ˽̰ɣ£ǶԼ϶Ӱ졣
ģѾȷʵ˽Щ͸żҵҩգȥ˸ۡ˳صͷ˵
ڸյõϢʱҲš£ѲʱۡĲٻˣҸӶȥҲǳ
ԾٲţҲţΪʵ
ɱ˸ʦ
ԣҲ̫˰ɣ
һɱμңôĶδƽϢȥɱ˸ʦʲôĪΪںƷˣ
ˣ׷׳ԣŭͺ𡣸Щһ壬һЩӰġԺ˰æˣ
峤λϣ˳ȴҡͷȷʵȥ˸ʦĸۡҪûЩҩʦȴǱɱġ
˳ϣֳһĨ𾪵ɫ


450 ׷Ī
˳ϵĻ峤ٴ
ʦǱɱǱ˭ɱģںƷǣ˭ͺ͵ӣ
˵ʵҡļ壬ҲĿŵɱʦӰ죬̫ˡ
ǳԶնɱ˸ʦ˼ǣʦƷĨˡ˳Ͼ˵
ʲô
峤˵Ϣ΢΢һ
ʦǱնɱ
֮УʱžûУǻΪǱɱû뵽ǱԬ̻ɱ
ôܣôɱʦһλ͵˵
ӦòģѾӽӴʱֳ˵˵ʱԾԷǳ𾴡˳ȻҲ޷¡
峤ĿãϢ֮ǰصϢһԱϵƺͺ֮ˡܵ׷ʲô֮˶ԾԵ̬ȷ˷ǳ׵ı仯
ߣȥżң⺢Ӳңôܲȥ̽һأ峤˵ⷬʱ򣬾Ȼ
峤Ҷλϣ뿪լԺżլԺȥ
˵ʵ峤˴ʱǷǳڡ֪ˣҲӦɳһϹȥμ񡣾ΪɵĿǴʧһκܺõĻᡣ
ͬĳҲںҡ
峤ʱޱȵĺڡ
Ԭ̻뾰ԻΪѺôżңͲܵõǿ˵֧֣һ̶ϵõ֧֡ԺżңԲǰˡ
оԵĴڣԺƷڣ˭Ҷż֣μңǰ֮
峤ͺ峤˵ִżҵʱϯѾʼıȽ
ǵĵϯգִﵽһ߷塣Ʒ壬ȫ˲μ񡣶ż˵ޱҫ顣
˺ͺˣڳ˵ڣżڽζ
Ϊʲô
ܼ򵥣˭óһʼҺͺȻǲϯġҪȻҲȵϯʼˣŴҴҸ
֮Ըı⣬ȻΪõ˳ϯϢ
ҺͺңȻʧˡȻˣżҺ;ԣҲԲ̫мǡż˱ضж
ϧˣ
峤ͺ峤ˣȷʵǷǳĺڡڣҲѾˣֲֻܾżҵĹϵǶŬҪżȫûн٣ҲǼѡ
˵һż˺һҲ;Դкжڲ²⣬Ԭ̻Ϊ뾰Ծǰӡһʱ䣬ǻ벻ס
˰ʱ֣Ĳ·Ļһ죬ԵΪĵ䣬а취һ߾ȥǣܸСǴ½ǿߣǴ˵еĵǿߣҲ˸

֮⣬ĳһǳεڡ
ҹɫУǿ֮һż峤ᰣĵվ
֪˶ʱ䡣
һȰӰѸٽӽӰȫ뵽ڰ֮УϢϢܲٶȴޱȡ
ӽ᰺ӰżٶȣӺڰֳ
峤ɫӰᰣ˹֣죬ͺǴӿзǴӸ
᰼ˣһҲæֻ
峤Ϊνص㣬ԼɫӰƺתĿһңдɻ
Ҫ˵£̫ش󣬻СһΪá˵䣬ɫࡣ
峤˵λᰳƺΪˣƺҲһЩ
ǹھԣ΢΢ѹһ¡
ĽҰ⣬˵ĻУԵ÷ǳСĽ
Ǹԣɴ󻼡СӵĽٶȣֱ޷šʮͣѾ̤龳ΪǷβܣֻ²ʮʱ䣬Զǲв˵ԵʱĿɱɭȻ
ڵһѧԺնɱ£ȻҲ˵ˣ֪Ѿǵ龳ߡ
ڸո˵Ϣʱȷʵòᡣ
ǰöٳǴңԼ뾰ҷսնɱ˶龳Ϊߡʱ֪δ龳Ȼ۷Ϊ̶ʱȥԾ̤龳նɱ龳ڵߡ
þԳɳȥȾ̤龳۷ĻǼżңҲѶԸˡ
᰺һԳɳ㹻ʵǾԲŹżҡţһ֪үүżҲһĹϵ


451 ҹ
ԼһˣǾһĿ꣬żҡȻڻû¶ȷͷΪĿǰû㹻Ըżҵʵ
ԣԲþټɳȥ
Լ˵أҪնɱһ¡ţҲضϣġΪԲżҵв˵ͬһ޴в
峤ȻôżԣΪλ֣ȴ˵Ĭһʱ䣬ת˵
ûгԵ˼½վͲ˰ɣҲĨ˵Щϻˣھڿǰǳƣż˶նɱԣȫùˡһ֪żҵ³ܾܿһ¬ң
ɱԣżҲֱӳ֡㿪۰ɣ
峤Ҳϲ˵ϻ˵ԷǳءҶɱԣ֪ĻԺҹǵڻͻܴˡͳ˵
λǰҹˡңɲǰҹͨɱ֣ݣǰҹ졣
ҹɱ֣ϷΪơƺͭȼλǰҹɱ֡
ȻԾҲйע
ҹɱ֣ھеģѾˣǵ龳Ľɱ֡԰ҹ˵ҲǾ޴ʧ
ɱԣҲйǡż˼ɵҹͬҲһ̶ϼɵ
֪Ǳҹɱǿ϶޶ҹԺǵѶȾ͸
ʹʹԣżв԰ҹͬвһɣ֪үүǰҹɱɱңҹɱҲһζˣã᲻𣿡ᰵӦ˵ЩΣ
ⷬٴγĬ
Ƭ̣
һǧʯԳǾԶʧջǽ
ԻţȷʵҲǰҹһв˵ҹɱ֯רŽȡְɱġֻҪ㹻ҹϲܾ
һǧʯ
һ龳˵ۣˡ
ǰҹԭٳǳŪʧˣҲҪһʯĳ͡ɱԣھһǧʯ
֣ͫҲһ
ż֮һһǧʯֻ˵ҲһСĿżһľֵҲһǧǧʯӡ
ΪŪԣһǧʯƺҲֵá
һΪûж࿼ǡ
ȻˣǾ;ԲּۻۡתߣҲῼ
ǾӦںƷǣһֵĺûᡣصǣɱͺˣ˵һ㣬Ȼǵ龳Ϊӵնɱ龳ߵʵעһ㡣
˵ţᰱԼָֽڣȡһʯ𿨡ȥƷǣڵһѧԺҲв֪ᰲ̽ϢǺѡ
ҪӶɱԵģ׼˴ʯֻ
ʯֻ𿨣Ⱦʣµ֧˵
밵ҹӴһˣҲ֪ҹĹءܺ󣬱Ҫ֧һĳɺ󣬽ʣµһ
峤žϢɣʯ仰ʧںҹ֮С
ȥĿһǣҲǽһĨЦ
ڣڿԷˡвױԳ֣ǾҲɡ
һ˲֪ȴ֪еĵʦߣһˡδ˵ʧֵʱ
ڿҰͣһᣬᰲŴ߶ԪԾ𣬿ǱǼɶȥ

Ʒǣżң
żҵһͷڣ
ʱѹʱ䡣
ԽһԼ뿪֮ǰԲܴš
Ǭռڣʱ䣬˺ü¯ļҩȥһʧܣʣµļΣԶɹ
óˣ
ǬϵϢƣͨļҩѶ൱ͨļҩǲֲӦҲˡ
ת
޾Ѫ͵Ԫֲ϶ѰҵԲʧ֮ǰļҩ֡
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ԾԵʵǬĸͿ˵һʧһ
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453 칦Ч

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Ϊ֣ĵ֮һ֮һӵ龳ڴﵽ龳ڡôʣﵽ龳ڵΪӦҲǴ´ġ

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ȻôǿǾһɣͷתתǬռ䣬Ӱڷ֮С
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Ԭ̻ҲżΪĹգһЩҵͼתøżҡ
һȻ֪һжǾԸżҴġ


454 ŭ
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ҲΪ֪˰ҹֵĽŻ˽ҹɱ֣Щɱ֣ѶԸԡǰҹȴһʦǿߣҾ˵ˣɱʦߡ
ܲʲô˴Ϣ𣿡΢һʵ
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ѣѾԹ׷ȥȴ֣ϢѾʧˡĽŭ˵ڣ뾰ģżҡ
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Ԭ̻˵ˣǰҹɱǧ׶ӳһ޷ӦȻ뾰Խֵľ˵ҹ֯Уʵǿ֮⣬ɱּǽɱ֣ʵҲȽһ㡣
⵽ô£
Ȼʵ΢ǰҹɱ֣ʱҲɱ˾ʱ䳤˵ĻΣˡҹɱÿһγ֣嶼ˡԬ̻Լʱ龰˵
ĽܹܣʱܲΪսۺƷǵˣԾŰҹɱ뿪ƷǱˡǵķٶ̫죬Ҳ׷ϡҲ֪ôˣԬ̻̾˵
û˵ܣ˵ǵĺƷǵܵǣ뿪ƷǱǡ⻰˵ģΪˮƽ
·ڶ֮ǰĽ컹벻ͨԵƾʲôʦġ
ʱ䶼ȥһ˰ɣ⼸죬ûлǿɶİҹɱҲûĽܹܣ֪ǰҹɱֵʵȷʵ̫ǿˣԬ̻뵽ʱǺɫϯʱȫ̲סٴδ˸
ӦǰҹĽص˵
֮ǰ顣
죬Իûȷʵ׶༪ˣ
Ѿɹ׷ɱֱӻصˣ⵹пܣԲ֣صƷǻļ׷ɱǻصǵĻʵǿҲΡ
ֻֿԣĲ
Ԭ̻Ľ˵ǰҹɱǰҹʱ򣬶ʱ𾪵Ŵͣ
԰ҹ֯ǺϤҲ˵ҹλɱ֣ɱʦǿߡ֮ǵڣһЩ˵ֱ׹˭ϣʳѰˣ
û뵽ǰɱԵˣȻλŷɥɱѹ֣ʵ˿£
˵䣬Ԭ̻ѴĽżլԺһˡ
żҵ֪Ľݺ󣬶ǳĹ˵ĽҾԵ֮һҲ¶ǳı顣
ǰҹɱֳ֣żÿ˵ͷһ
ԭΪԵĹϵżҵķչ٣ͻȻһҹɱ֣뿪˺Ʒǣɱżһλϡ
һɵǲŹˣ
Ҳ֪ڵʲôǻŻѾˣżˣȻϣԻš
Ľżңδõʲôõ
ļʱĽ쿪ʼԺƷǱΪģܷѰԬ̻ҲɳļлæѰҾԵ䡣
ǣƷܱߵ̫ˣ˵֣ٶĵҲǶʱѵùġ
˼죬ûκξԵϢĽҲֻաԬ̻һĽͿʼӺƷǷǣϣҲѾصǡ

Ǭռڣʮʱȥ
䣡
Ըɫٴȫʧ˲䣬ɫ֮ϣһɫǿҵ뵳
ͬʱҲ˫Ŀһ֮У貵þöɢ
龳۷壡
ʮʱĸ֮£ԵΪӵ龳ĺڣ˵龳۷塣
һСȴþԵʵٴһء
ȫˣ
һҴӵ龳ڣԽ龳ڡ龳ڣﵽ龳۷塣ǾˣǳƵƷʵ񵤣ЧҲ̫ˣ
УҲЩꡣԭҲûоãһ˿µĹЧ֮ǰԾŵҩܰԼһͲˡҪ磬ǾǸ˵ͷˡû뵽һƷʵȻΪﵽ˵龳۷塣
Ȼ˵ͻ֮УҲ˺ԴûĻǾҪӵ龳ڽ龳۷壬ЩԴҲҪʮҵʱȥ
Բ鿴һԼԴҲ¶һĨЦ
֮ǰϿĸԴֱһ֡ڣЩԴǼһˣƷʯһöûʣ£ԪӤȵҩҲʣ޼
ɱ伴ɵʱ򣬾ԲòóͨʯաһͨʯѻڵϣƷ棬ʱ䣬һѵͨʯͻΪһѷ۳
ڣԸͻˡ΢ȶһ£Ϳ뿪Ǭռ䣬ȥһս


464 սʦ
ӾԶǬռ죬Լѹȥʮҵʱ䡣
ò˵ȷʵԶһˡⶼʮʱȥȻûзȻϸѰԵĲ֮
вҵԲ֮Ͳ뿪ļơ
ˮе֪Ǭռ֮⣬Ҳ̲סЦһ¸̾ҿԼɹ˵龳۷徳磬ڶʱڽĻԼñ޷ȥ
ǬռڵС£ؼһǬռڣءǬռ䣬ȴܽϢɢȥЩܵõϢԽˣ
ھѾΪ龳۷ǿߣߣҲһս֮ģֻҪɱҲͲҪǬռ䱩¶ˡ
ʱȥҹˡĿһ
ת֮䣬ԵӰ뿪Ǭռ䣬ٶȳ֮ǰ
ڵھʮűһռһ뾰ͻȻ֣Ҳڼʱȷʵкܴİգȷǲ뵽˶䱦֮УҲΪְձȽϴһֱһռѰҡ
ѾоҵԵĶ䱦ݡ
ԴӶ䱦ûԤϵġʱ䣬ǳĶݣ˲ָ֮һ˫ķ̵ԡ
ԣ
ϹȻж䱦Ĵڡɤ
ԵޱȵϲΪ֮ǰֻһϵİȷжڣѾаٷְٵİȷж
˶ʮ죬Ȼû뿪ûлӦĻǸ̾˵
Ϊ˶ʮʲôǶʮ£ʮ꣬ҶԵȥɫϣ¶һɭɭЦݡ
ԵĶ֮תԪӦܣͬʱҲĽԵϢһζ뵽֮УܽķΧСΪȷһΧӦþҵԲĶ
һγ֣ȻûٶǬռĴ㡣
ԣﲻӦӵеġңҲ޷סҵǿöﻻһЩҪԴ㽫ңҿһžԣһס
Ҳ¾ٴζ붴УҪķѺܶʱ;ԣһסԸǾͿԻȡԼ
ǺǡǲܣЦҡͷ
û취ˣֻɱ㣡Ŀһкɫ̽͵žնɱ
ҲûκεĳɣЯű˵ĳɫâӶĺɫâӭȥ
ƬҰϣһֲľ촫
Ұϻ̣˵ĶսŪٴ죬Ҳ˵ע⡣
ɫĽͳɫĽײһΣ֮ǰ˽ַ˾޴ı仯֮ǰʩչʥ⽣γɵĽâֻĽ֮¼̵ֺܶʱͻɢһΣ˵Ľâ໥ѹ˺üʱ䣬Ŷɢ
ھ˵ѹ֮£Ժõɿ
ۣٴαѪ
ʵȷʵ̫ǿˣ㾰Ѿﵽ龳۷ΪĽУȻ׬κεıˡ
Ŀ΢һ˿ݣͬɵ
ȻҲùͬ³һѪڿеɳʮ֮Զſסʧص塣
ôܣʱȻޱȵ𾪣ҧžԡ
޷󣬾ԵʵΪڶ̶̶ʮʱô࣡
ڶʮ֮ǰ뾰Խ֣Ȼ޷ɱǾǰҲûл̶̵֮Ķʮʱ䣬ԵʵȻĳ̶ȣ
ôܣ
֤ԲŻ¡ԣȷʵаţ
Сӣǵ龳ΪδʦĹȴȻң˿еѹ¡ȫʹȴüͷ塣
ղŵһѧײѾܵˡȻԵҲᡣ
Ҫɱңеôװǰɣ¶һĨЦݳ˵
ȷʵҲˣڴĻָ֮£ƸͲʲô˵ʱ䣬ƾͻȬ
Ϊоطүӵ˵ط½ϣǶεطεߣ»ǺŪطġ


465 ʬ
׵ɫҲα仯
޷ţѾ濹ʵ²⣬ǲʹĳǵҩ
ˣǾͲҪ̫ˡһЩﻹǵҩЧܳ־á
ֿԼ
˵ĻҲŻԼԼס뿪ǾԾͰȫˡ
뼰ˣЦЦԼǰŪСֶΣǿЦ
ҪӦ˳̽һ£ɾѾ˶
ת彫ƻָ󣬾Ծٴγˡ
ʥ⽣
ط
ط
ԽԼļֶΣȫʩչ˽⡣ԵĽȻڣûͻƣʵҲܶࡣ
ǿ߽УԾԵİǺܴġ
ֻ⽣ľѶȷʵ̫󡣾ԾԵԺʣûܸһС
ţ΢΢һ㶣ĵѵԼ´ˣԲŻԼҪȻô֣
ĺã
Զ֣кɣҲŭһתȫԪ뾰ԷԺ䣡
һĺɫ⣬ȴȵһɫâײʱ硣ֽâɢһαɳԶ޷Ƶ³ѪһȻ𶯣ȴûѪ
ԵһܵѾָò࣬ٳ֣ǽ۷սĻָٶȾûô죬ƻڣ߾ȫתԪ϶ﲻ۷ս˳֮Уڶײ˸ء
ôôЩˡ
ղΪǶĳЩʱֶʱʵڶײʼԼ뷨ˡ
ҪɱҵĿǴﲻˡ죬Իָƺٶȳ֡
Ҳæֵ
һξԵֻ΢΢˼׵ӣֱӱɳȥڿо³Ѫ
ܣ
΢΢һɺ󣬾ȻһλӴ뿪
ܲģ΢΢һЦ
ڵ龳δȹ̵ʱ򣬾ԵٶȣҲһ㡣ھ̤龳۷岢Ҿȹ̣ٶϣѾơοˣٶȿ϶Ӱ졣
֪׷ɱζ˰ɣ׷дȵ
ԣ㲻ɱңҲһͷֻȫɳҪ˦ԡ
㻹֪ҵɱңҸұ֤ҲȥоϢԽԽ˻
𣿡С
ԣ㲻Ҫ˵Ļҿɲǵҹ졣ɱңԻȥ㿤ƻ㣬ҲɣĽ
ü˼תĻ޵ķʸƺʲô˲õĴ󱳾

ҲɵΪȻ֪Ǭռ䣬ȴ֪ж䱦ͨĶ䱦ҲЩܶˡϢȥλĴĵҾԡ
Ծٴ󣬾ҲĽնɱ
ԣһֻкôûлֻҪղɱңҾǷһԺҪʲôҾʲôڷɳ֮У³һѪȫԪ£Ʋסƺھҵ֮С
죡
˵컨׹ҲţѾȽΧ֮ڣ͵նɫ֮һϼɱȥ
æתԷҪסһѾ
ֻϵԪ̶ĺХкɫ̽ϣڹʢȫԸҲסԵĳɫâ
ɫĻѿſռڱ˺ѵѺ۱޸ɫâ͸
⡭
ܣ
ԣڵģɱңҲɣɢ֮У˵һλ
ϴ֮׹ȥ顯һˤʯϡ
ҲȥϸĴϽָֽﶼѼ˹󣬾תһԪѹɷ۳
ֻգ֮䣬һռУһƵѪζ֮⣬ҲҲصĶ
Խʬ崦󣬱̷ɴ뿪ٷɳ㳬һʱԲٶȽ뵽Ǭռ֮ڡ
ȿܵõԴҹһɱЯԴǰҹƣţҲΪԼԴ㲻ȫϣҲһ١


466 
ǬռڣԴһ˿ڴѹεļƷó
һָֽһɫƣһڹƵĺɫ̽
ƿ˿֣΢ȸС棬Сҹ֡
ʲôʣԶϸۿɻ
ĸֲҲˣƵĲʣȴϲ
ϸĲ鿴󣬷ƺĹãԱֽ
ص㣬ָֽ
ζ벻ƷǰɱԣھԵСָֽڵԴһСľϲ
ͻƾ磬ϵԴҲĵ߰˰ˡǵõָֽǾҪٻܴԴͨ۵ҩ
ɣ΢΢һ
ָֽʱ򿪡
ʯ𿨣ԽָֽڵĶʼתƳ
һȡģһʯ𿨡
üһΪʮʯ𿨣һ¡ͷʯɨȥ
ǾԣҲǱʯһָֽóʯ𿨣һʮ֮ࡣһʮǼҲһǧʯ֮ޡ
Բ֪ǣһǧʯУǲ֮ǰż峤еõġ
Ǽڵᰣ»ڵžԵѶϧҪʧˡ
ɱ֣ȷʵǷǳеһְҵϣҲֻǿĵʦܹɱֵĲƸ
ԼָֽڵƷƳ
һΣһѼƷʯҲнӽһǧö֮ࡣһöƷʯ൱ǧǧöͨʯһǧöƷʯҲͨʯ
ЩƷʯ΢΢㽫еļƷʯϵļƷʯѾһգһöûʣ¡һƷʯʱǲҪȥƷʯ
ƳƷһݺ͸ֿʯЩݺͿʯ࣬ҶǱȽмֵġо߼ݣžռݰٷ֮ʮӡ
ԵҲޱ
һݺͿʯֵһǧͨʯҪ߳һءļֵҲü㣬ԺҲõЩݡڿʯȷţԺ̤ҲҪֿʯ
һƷһƷֻҪ߰ĶеĴԶʶ֪;еһöƻ꾧þͷϲͷƻ꾧ȡСĵоһᣬԱ㽫ЩﶪһԣҲ㽫ƶָֽˣǬռҲһ
ʱָֽͱȫˡָֽٴμһ飬ȷû©󣬾Դ߶ԪöָֽȫݻٵöָֽȼܸߣóȥҲֵܼʯӡ
Ϊ˱Իǽٵ
Ϊǰ˵ǷþҲйǡиıָ£һʲôӡǣǾԾͿܱĴҵ䳹׻׵Ĵ
һж֮󣬾ԲȥǱɫ̽
ʵϣѾɫ̽ϵõǵļǰɫ̽Ȼȡ
ʱʹúɫ̽Եʱ򣬾Ծ;ɫ̽ܺ嫣ԶһķڣҪϸĿһ
ѵǵ
Խעŵɫ֮̽۾͵һЩ
ǳεļֵѺǵĴϣҲٻе֡
ԾԵ˽⣬ǵڣҲǺܶࡣھԼĵ龳Уûʹõǵ
ǾԼ𽣣ҲǱȽͨķȻ빺õķҲʲô¡ֻ𽣽ϳʱ䣬Ҳû㹺Ʒʸߵķʹá
ܹ򵽵Ļһʹ𽣡
һ
ƣȻȷϵƸ߼Գĺһ𾪵ıֹ˵
Щϧǣֶ̽ʺɱ͵Ϯɱ̽ЩʡţȵҪʱ򣬵ǿóá˵ͷɫ̽ŵԼָֽ֮С
֣վ
һδϵõջ񣬻ǳԵԤϡԵĹһ£ЩԴļֵǧʯ֮ϡ£ȫҡ
һĵʦߣһǧʯҾͲˡ


467 ĸ
ǵɫ̽򶼺ѵĶܣɲǷȵġеʹãսܵõһС
ǳĻǾ͸ˣ
Ǭռڣͣʱ䡣ʱ䣬ڻɱʱܵȬ󣬲ŴǬռڳ
ûغƷǿˡ
վڿҰ֮ϣһ·򣬶ɳ۶ȥ뿪ƷǵʱȽرǲȥһ˵ĻЩ׵ԶЩ̫˽ˡֻȭͷ֮£ǲŻʵʵġЩ쵰ǳ˲¹ͷġ
ʱ򣬾뾰뿪Ʒǣѹ˳ʮʱ䡣
Ľ쵽Ʒǵʱ򣬾ԺѾ뿪ƷһҡĽѰһҵʱ䣬ǰ¡
ڣĽѰҾԣǣҲȥдԼһܵʱ䡣
ƷڵˣΪѾˡ
ɱ£ƷǡߣۼʱļսҲ뿪ƷǱǡ
ȥ˾õʱ䣬ԶûŵĿȻܵ͡
ƷżլԺڡ
һżҳϣڼ֮ڡ
ΪԵĹϵżҷһʱ䡣ںƷڵڶΪˣԶżҵ̬ȣȻҲ䵭ȥ
˵ļңҲصǰֲ䲻ȵ̬ȡ
峤˵仰Ը𣿡żҾų
ǰ峤˵ˣľҲó˵ʲô˼ҳˡһ
ż⼸죬ȷʵ鷳żںƷǵ⣬ܵμҷǳҵľҩϣμҼֱƳɱĴѹżҵ⡣
μҾʮ֮ǰһսʵ𡣿ǣμ峤ڣҵżôùμң
μڷţҲǴżҡֻΪμҶԾԻԹģżģԶżҾ͸ġաʱżҵҩ⣬ή˳һ뻹ࡣ
ȥżҿ˶೤ʱ䡣
һҳ˵仰ҲμҼɵһЩһЩ˾ȻԸ棬żȥҳ¡
żңôȥҳ
ϣμˣΪԵӡżΪϵľȥҳ˵ͼ档
ʱ˿̣Ԭ̻ܿܶڵͼ۽һЩҵתøżңֻҵջҲ˵
ҲǿˣҸͿסߣǾڣ˻żμҸôż𣿡һϴűߵǻ˵
ˣ鶼Ȼ
ǰ
ԻڣЩˣôż𣿾ڲˣЩˣвٶ侮ʯͲÿżҵù
ôءһλ˵
İҹɱ֣
ܹܴҾܹܴ뾰ǳϤɱˣܹܴһΪģһҧ˵
࣬ô׾ͱɱģųȭͷ˵
ƺǺܼᶨ
ҲףԻŵĿԺãǰҹɱֵʵԳܶࡣ⣬Ժµİҹɱֵ׷ɱ
ڵˣҲһ㡣֮˵ԲһţҪҰοʵҶ׳ųϵĿԾѾȥˡ
μҡҵȼ壬ȻҲôΪҪȻμҲżҡΪˣԸżҲûʲôѹżҸˣҲΪɱμôյϢ
˵ͨϵȫѹֶΣǳԬ̻Ҳ˵ʲôμңûֱӳɵżҡ
оǣԬ̻ٻǷμ峤һ顣
峤ʵڲУǾҽӴһ°ɡżÿϽôԴңȴѵʱ˵仰Ը⡣ѡ˺ңҲֲǣҲȣһλŭ
˶һۡ
Ҫ治УƺҲֻôˡܲĿż屻̵
ˣ
֮⣬ͻȻŲ󣬻˽
峤ٵ洫˽
һüͷһ塣еļ٣ǵȻó
ֳˣ
ǳ£ôС
ж΢΢һš
ʲô£һͳѯʵ
ʲô飬żҶԡ
峤ˣٴδ洫
ţ
ʲô
仰һ۾ʱɵùԲ
ˣ
ĸôܣ


468 뿪֮ǰ
һҲ֪˵ľľԡ
ֻǣһʱǶûӦȷʵζû뵽ԻܻŻ
ڶݵĳ֮һ˶͵Ĵڴܳ
ǸճõţͿһϮɫ۵ľվһ𡣾ԴʱЦеĿһˡ


㡭㻹ţ
˶ޱȵļһ峤嶼΢΢š
ǿԣ۶ˡ
峤λϣǺã΢Ц˴к
ȷʵţǺǣǰҹɱҪɱңҲûôסԵ˵
û˵ҹɱѾԼնɱûǱҪ
λǵġԺҾҪ뿪Ʒǻˡת˵
ʱһ˼Žƽ
ڰ֮ǰĽܹҹ㣬һܵʱҲûҵ䣬ĽܹܲŻȥһԾ˵
Ŀ
ĽƷԼ
ĽҲ֪ҹɱƷǰɱԼˣҪȻĽ첻ƽ޹ʵĴƷԼĽܴר̵ƷԼҲǱȽϸж
Ľ죬ȷʵһˡĽƷԣ붫ٳԭһЩơ
ţ֪ˡԵͷ峤뿪ʮʱżںƷûʲô鷳ɣ
ԵĻһ˶תĿһۡղǻ֪ô;˵£ھһ׿һЩ
һżĴ˾ԡ
ĿУһ˿է֡ǣҲһĨЦμˣȷʵǲİ
һȥ峤λ´ҾͲżլԺˣǣ˵֮УӰһ˸ʧһ˵֮ڡ
һ˴ʱ϶¶ϲıԻţһٴλص˺ƷǣôżҵͿɵĽˡμ֪Իţضżҵдѹ
оڣżңͲ˭ˣ
ǰû뵽šҹɱʵ׺ûɱ
˵࣬ôز۵ģ
ߣҲǣǣ峤ҿֱҰɣԺҲҪҹԴ
šɣоڣҲҶô
λżˣ׷˵еһʯƿڷǳɡ֮ǰ·ʽżҺˡ
ԳżլԺûֱȥμլԺȥðŵפء
ԱȽϵðţμżҵⶼѹˣǶðأȻμ峤˵μҴӴԺԲðŵ鷳ɴʱľԣμ峤Ļ׿Żǲţһǡ
ԿɲΪμرżҵѹμ峤᲻֪顣μڵһжض峤ġ
μҶżҶǶðμʧصԴͷֻ
ڷðŵ·;Уɫǳ䡣ðʲôʧǾԾԲٷŹμҡԾڵʵμҲʲô£μ峤ѾԶԶǾԶ֡
ðŵפأС
ԺУðŵĳԱϵĴһ֮С
ųվԺУչ߷ڵļӳҲվ
˵ı飬ԵñȽϳء
λֵܣ֮ǰһҪʰ׵ҹ뿪Ʒǡ¸
ܵðųԱ׷׻Ӧ
ðţҪǨ뿪Ʒǡ
ƷǣǴȥˡµˣҲ뿪ƷǣǻǨ뿪Ļܻ⵽ԵĴ
⼸ʱðвֳԱĪ˼ʧˡ
Ҳ׷ͷ˭Ҳ֪ЩʧٵĳԱȥ
º͸λӳúܴĿܣμҰиĹμ峤ڳŵԶðŵ鷳û϶֣ڰп¶ֽţڶԸðš
µܸоһɱֵͷϿջۡǻȡжĻܿðŶ
󣬱㵱ϣð뿪Ʒǡ
磬˵𣿡߷Щˡ
ȷϾûۼɱչҡҡͷ˵
ҪǻţҲͲЩ·ˡμ˿϶ˣԲŸôİɣ˵żӶùҲ̾Ϣһ˵


469 μ
׼Ǩ뿪ƷǣȻҪܴߵĶȫߡ
ð֮ڣҲֻųһָֽΪ˼ٸ·Щֻˡ
ԴŵųָֽڣЯԴÿһԱһЩ
֮ǰǾҪ뿪Ʒǡ
פصһϣѸٵĵֽ
פӰ´ºҲɳһѾ¡չõˡЩ˻ţ˵μҲûж涯֣ûֱӶǿ
µ˻һɱ֮ʱͻȻһӰʽ䡣˶һϢᣬٵĽ䱸
ǿǾԺ˶Ϊ֮һ㶡
ǶΪѾˡھͻȻ֣ǵȻе𾪡
¶ɽˡ
߷Ծϣ¶˷ܵϲá
֪Աҹɱ׷ɱ뿪Ʒǵʱ򣬸߷˶ûججġ֮û·˻ꡣΪˣչҲյĵǣΨһãӴһ겻
ڸ߷Գ֣һӾͻָ
ԡ߷ļһСУʱֻоԡ
һ̤ǰ۱ס˾ԣϲˮҲ޷Ƶ
߷ĶþЩΡᵽ߷ϵ㣬ǡ߷ﱧסЩף߷ƿǾ͸ΪĲס
˼һĻ΢΢ü¶ЦݣҲ˵ɴ۾һŵӡ
ȡȡ˺һᣬ
߷ɫһͷ¶ɫֱڸ߷ϣɴûгֹ
ųλӳ֮ǰҹɱƷ밵ɱңǶ֪ˡʧˣһúúõġƺҪǨΪμҵԵʣǾͲˣԺҾȥμԿԺе龰֪ðҪǨö룬Ҳܲ³ΪμҵԵʡ
ƷĴӪǲʣô׾ͰƷǣ
ιҪλġڽϣҾͻ뿪ƷǡԽ˵
Ҫ뿪Ʒˣµ˶žԡ
ԣںƷҲ˲̵ʱ䣬ˡЦЦ
ʵµҲ֪עںƷǳס˵Ҫ뿪˻Щġ
Ǹ߷ԵĻ󣬽һЩ˵ɵߣվݡ֪ԼܶԾԲ飬־ãԼ䲻Ͼԡ
ڸ鷽棬ʵӸ߷ղŵĶټֹ̬Ҳ׸߷Լĸ顣
˵ʵҲͦϲ߷ġڣδȢ޵뷨үүĴûбԼҲֻжʮͣкܶԭ
Ÿ߷ӣҲв̡
߷ȥٳǡٳǳҾҳϡڶٳǣҲƿسеðնȥ˶ٳǣкܶҶٳǱʯɽðնӵķչҲкܶô˵
ԵĻ߷һ
ȥ˶ٳǣǾͲõԺˡԺܲƷǣһضٳǡϾԵļ壬ڶٳǡ
ȥٳǣԻ䣬߷һ˫ĿѿڶȲıʾɵӶܿѰ
¡չˣ̲ס˷ۣҲ̫˰ɣ߷ӱֱˬȺܶӶöࡣ
ЦЦֵųμԺ治в㲻ҪΪμңð뿪ƷǡȥٳǵĻҲǿԵġٳĿǰСУò˶ãžͻᳬƷĳСΪһĳҲǿܵģ
ţҲöٳһĺѡ񡣡ҲЩ
Ҳף˵ʵ
ڶٳǻǵͼСУԺأоڣٳǷչΪڿǵĳУҲǲܡ
ˣҾ͸ˣλǺڣԶ˹֡
˵Ŀ֮УμլԺжȥ
ûµܵѹΪҪҪûܵμҵļѹôѡǨ
ȥμң͵úúָ˵ˣ
μ峤ǳСˣǾԾãԼбҪμҴС壬޻ǿʢ
ಡ
ɫӰٶȼ죬֮һյʱ䣬μլԺϿա
£μҵĶܴƵںƷڣһϵеĴ


470 ѵĴ
ɫӰμլԺϿգ
ʱھУȷʵѹһŭ𡣵μ峤棬׿ĳŵðŵ鷳أ
μҲû϶涯֣ھԿμĶǾǳԶţ
ѾżҾԼֲ˶þͻᱻ׻塣棬İǨҲδܰȫ뿪Ʒǵ˵ǰ뿪Уͻɱ
ߣӴμլԺһߴ
䣡ߣһɿֲԪȻμլԺ嫵Ԫʵһ㣬ۻ롣ڿռڣһƬµ
լԺеμˣڵһʱ䣬ܵ˿µԪ˵ɫȻ䡣Ԫ̺֮ܣͷ
ಣಣಣһӰٴӸ֮гֵĿ⿴ʡ
ʮ֮ǰμңͱɱŹμ񣬻ûֱߺĸоգȻǿš
ৣɫ𽣣ɲ֮ھС
ɷ˵ɫâ֣Ⱥͷȥ
Իǵ龳Ϊʱ򣬾ͼɨμҡοľѾǵ龳۷徳硣
â֮һ֮СǺ죬죬ȫâնɱ
һʱ䣬μլԺڣ
ʲôˣŭ쳹
ǡԣǾԣԻû
ܣôѾҹɱֻɱ𣿡
쵰Ȼţ
֮УһĿҲԡԾԣμȻһ۾ϳΪѾû뵽ԾȻšңһɱμ
ȵһλҪײУ
һξԵμҵʱ򣬲δֱӳ֣μ峤ɽ棬̸˲ų֡һΣֱӾͳնɱμˡ
䣡
ʱһϹ⣬ҲϹ֮Уμ峤Ӱֳμ峤ƵϣзŭǾšȻҲȫû뵽ԾȻš
μҵĶȷʵλ峤֮չġ֪ԼԪ࣬Բһʱ䣬չμҵĲҵȻҲ̲żҵ뷨ΪԶμһϢ
ԻţȻôԱҹɱ׷ɱĿԼͣҲûôĹ˼ɡ
ںƷڣ˳Ԭ̻֮⣬Ҳûе֡ҺͺȻǶ壬ҲԲμ峤ʱμ˺
Ԭ̻Ҳμ峤֮СֻҪμңԱɱ壬Ԭ̻Ӧǲϵľ
ǧ㣬û뵽Իܻš
μ峤Ŷŭԭ򣬻ǾԻŲٴɱμңоóԵʵƺһΣ˼ࡣһεʱ峤;뾰ɱʤ࣬ôھʵٶʤ͵㣡
СѣǺ⣿μ峤ɳƵʵ
ԣЦЦ
μ峤󣬾Եʱֹͣɱ¾μˣɢĿĶλ׷Ʈ峤
峤μҵԭӦúҾԣʹ޵ľֳСˡ㣬ĺʧΪλ峤ֵεˣ飬ȴҵΣԵ߰Ҵļµķŭ
ǺǣЩˣΪѾ˰ɣϧûԸңţâ˲۶
ԣμңƺû˷ŭ顣Уᣡ峤Ҫ֣æٵĽ˵
峤˵Щûκ壬ҲĽ͡ҡͷ
پԵʵǰҲö˵ϻ
쿴μϿգ
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ʲôûǱҹɱָɱôţ
ûμҪ군ˣ
μլԺܵߣҲ˾ԡԻţ⡣ɾԳμңûǳԾ
֪Ϊλɱμҡ
μҵһǺǡ
ȻԻţμȷʵҪ군ˡһξΪɱμնɱμʮǿߣμ峤ŵԡ֮μ£һ۾ܿμǱˡ㿴һ㣬Ҳܰбһ£ҪǳֹûǸʵ
֪μұķŭҲȻ顣
ɫۣһ޴ĳϰĽӰױȵܺɱ⣬ɨ¡
μ峤ٶ˵߶ɫԲ̣ͼֵμ˵һնɱ


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μլԺ֮ЩߣܸܵǿµĺƵѹ
˵Ŀ⣬֮ϡ
μ峤ܵסԵĹסˣôԻ𣿻ǣȫԸļɱȥ
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˵ע֮£μ峤ɫâڽӴɫâ֮գۼ߽⡣ɫΣ緱һɢķɢڿռ֮ڡ
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ʮ֮ǰԵһμҵʱ򣬵ʱμ峤ֻܵסԵĹʮʱȥμ峤ͱ
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ѵ˵һμңԲûȫ
ˣжݺݵš
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μˣʧء
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ţеٶȻӶɫӰһֶ
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ʱ鿴Լϵ΢飬μֽ
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ɱģɶμҵӵܰһȥμӵ
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峤
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Թӣ峤ڿУһУȷʵԼμҵĴŭҲӦãǹΡμӵܣЩǻ˰ǾˣӦΪҵĴ
꣡
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ӽտʼμԸΪżҵĸ塣ÿ꣬żҹһǧʯ㻹⣬ԶɱңֻܷŹμЩ޹ˡ峤ȷʵҲǹˡ
֪óһ⣬Բ׷ŹμҡԶһۣȻ̬μҳΪżҵĸ塣
⸽壬ɲǽÿҪԴҡһзԸ⸽ļ壬ҲҪһվ߾ȫȥġ
Ե
ʼǡ
ȷʵμӵܣլԺ֮УнӽһμӵܡҪЩȫɱ
һʼԾûдɱμˡȻҲΪżҺðûĴԾԻμҡ
ھһ˼󣬾ٴομ峤
μ峤ͷžԵоĲŹμңôգμ֮գܾμҡ


472 
μǻǴȫھһ֮䡣
峤ͷҿԣ·ЩμӵܣҲŵĵͷ
ǻлзŭǰûж顣ǶԾҪμңҲ¡
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ڿʼμҹ鸽żң
μÿҪżһǧʯԴ⣬μҪһĲҵתøżҡڿʼμΪżҵĸ壡μ峤˵
峤ɳһ
μҵӵܣҲ¶ɵı顣ֻǣμһҪתøżһĲҵȷʵҲͷѪ
μΪƷǵĶ֮һĲҵǷǳӴġ˵μҽһĲҵתøżңżҲʮ꣬һ֮С
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ΪżսĻμ˱ҪȫԸ֧Ԯżҡ˵żμļ壬սѾҺͺҲ١
Թ֮
Թӣллμң顣峤ûκηͷҲ֪Բȡ
μνѣٴζȹˡ
峤Ժۡż峤һ̸̸鸽ɣֿһμ峤˵
ҵתã϶Ҫμ峤һ̸ǲҵתãɲǿͷ˵˵еģҪ֤
ǣ峤æӦ
𽣣Ӱ˸뿪μլԺϿա
ߺμլԺЩΧߣŶعոģֱͺһ㡣
μңżҵĸ壿
Ҳ̫һЩһһļ壬һĸ
ίʵǣԽܡ֮ܿҲò̾һʵﵽɨ̶ȵǿ߰ǼһСļ壬Ҳǿļ帩׳Ƴ
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峤
峤ϱֹѪμһЩϣſڡ
ѵҪ鸽żңľҪתóһĲҵ𣿡Щμҵĳϣݼĸӡ߸ϵǣԺҪż˵ɫˣ
ת䣬϶һԽܵġ
ţҲȫǻ°ɡ峤ӿнһλϣҡҡͷ˵
Եʵ¡ǲףԿǵڣսﵽ˶ĲΡŶʮ갡Ǻǣٹʮ꣬жǿ峤п˵
λμҳϣһıߡ峤˵ԵսǵڶΣǻһ˵ƥеʦǿߣ
£̫ˣ
ǰ峤ҡҡͷ̾Ϣһ˵μҪԺƷǣѾ̫ˡż֮ҲżҵĳԱ֮һˡżңȻҲμң룬ԾԵǿ̶ȡ˵ǺƷڣǵЩһеļ壬κ𣿡
峤۹⣬ȷʵǱȽԶģһ˿ĸࡣ
峤Ľͣμһ
ǰ峤˵ûμֻҪԺżңǼȶչǲ⡣μҲҪĵ峤⵽ҺͺҵĴѹ
ʵʵĸżңμҵİΣ˵ˣ
ǽլԺʰһ°ɣڣҪȥһˣ˺һ峤峤ȻĿһЩȥżӵܣڳϵ

լԺ
峤һҳϣ첽峤Ժ֮ڡ
żң쵰ɶĶǾǰǰ죬±ͽ䣬ǱżһݺݵĽѵλϼ峤󣬾ŭɶŭ
߳ϣôˣżôˣ峤ЩĿ߳ϣʵ
峤Լɣ߳ϷŭĽһļݸ峤
峤ӹü򿪡
Ŀ˲ۣҲ¶ŭ⣡
ߣһżңǲںƷǻȥĪΪоΪǳ𣿸Ļ쵰Ҫң峤ļڵĶֱ߳ϻҪŭ
ļż͹ġҪ˼˵ڿʼżƿأҵĸ塣ȻҲÿ깩Դ
һżҵĳǣھԻصƷ֮ǰҵ˼ֻصƷǣǻҪԥʲôھ뿪żլԺͬʱһͷԸһļ͵ҡ


473 ֻ
峤ƶȻһԪеļ˲ڷŭлΪ۳
峤żһݺݵĽѵһôĽˮˡ治֪ĵżң߳ݵ˵
żңⲻʧȥһ⡣
ǣϵҵ档
żұҵĸ壬ͻȻңǽкƷڵôңұضǻᱻȡЦ˼һ˵㿴һ嶼Ʋסļ廹ǰ;
Ϊڵһһ壬ҪԲҪ˵
֪һôģ
μ϶żҼѹǳأǿûг˼Բ˲ǺǣַʽҵĲ𣿡
ˣشߣ󣬾żβҵƿأҲһѵвңǺǣ峤ĿУһ
峤ȥټ֣һɫΪżҿˣǴ߳ϵɱڵ˵
ţ߳ȥɣ㸺£β㵽żҹģԳҵ磡һԹȥ̸峤Ц
Ѿ̫ܻżҡ
ճԬ̻μżǿھϵġھԶˣżҼıǲܣ
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ҪȻƷôС壬Ҿ룬ˣ
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ʱĳϵɫҲÿüͷ塣
ĳϣżҸղ飬ҪҡѾ峤ȥټ֣ٺ٣׼ȥһ϶ҪǲʶȤҾ߳˫Ŀ⣬ٺ١Ц
ĳϣĪѾ֪ˣ߳Ͻʡ
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峤ĳֱӿ峤˵ԻţûҸոյõϢѾصƷˡڲǰۿżլԺߣ
ĳϵٺܿ죬ԵúܼС뵽ԾȻš֮ǰμ϶żҴѹҶż˵ҪǱ֪Ļһ᲻п߳ϾȻҪȥżңֱһĹȥ뷨ˡ
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峤߳ϣһ¶Ȼ֮ɫ
ˣɫޱȵѿֱӱˣ
Ҫ߳ǿȥż鷳ĻԻţǿɾͱˣ


Ԭ̻Լķڡ
һʱ䣬Ԭ̻ûô뿪ۡ飬ܲá
ԭΪԵıϵͽᾰԣ͸һöԪ£ڣȴˣĵԪҲװʧˡ
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ЩͷյԬ̻ͷƻ֮ȥ
Ԭ̻ҡҡͷڷڽⲽ
Ԭ̻ãԼЩùֻϣ˺ĽܹܲΪںƷǱɱƷǳ
Ҳû취
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ʱ򣬷洫ܹܵ
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Ԭ̻ĻܹεĿ˿ԡ
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ԶҲܲ³Ԭ̻ʱĸ˼
⣬ڷڵԬ̻ȴһ˫һŴס
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ৣһΣԬ̻ȷԼֻˣȷʵ뾰ǳƵ
Ӱ˸Ѹݿžͳ˳ȥ
ԡԬ̻Ժܹվ档
Իţ
ԾȻţ

Ԭ̻ʱ쳤ХһЩһֱµġȻΪ뾰жĸΪѹĵǿ˺ĽܹܴΪ¹ܵǣ
ھûȻûˡ
оǣǵԪͳȥͲʧˡ
ھ֮ǰԬ̻ȷʵûеõԻصƷǵϢΪԻصƷֱȥżңٵðפأȻμլԺȻȥ˼طȫ㣬ʱҲڰʱ֮ڵӡ
Ԭ̻ûõϢҲ
ԬЦԬ̻˹֣ԬҪһЩ飬ҪԬһ֤ˡ
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ԬˣҲʲô¡԰ڰֵμйء
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ûûһǺ˵
˭óʱޱȵļ
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һɵ֪μҹ鸽żҵԭûоڵĻżμǰʲô˵μҹ鸽żңҲ̫ˣ
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477 Ѷ
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478 żҿϲ
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ʵԳҹɫ뵽ǱǣûܹܸͨۡţֱӴ뵽լԺ֮ڣҲԭġ
ܲµƷˣΪԼѾˡĵĻЩż޷ڵһʱ֪ûϢ
ܹܸŽûͨĻϢܾܿ©ȥ
ȻҲΪĽϵͬһ㣬ܹܸĽԲκεĲá
뷿Ľϣ¶˼ı顣˼֮Уżϲá
ΪѾˣѾǰҹɱˡû뵽Իţһصǡ⼸һֱѹؿڵҲһɢ˵ľ񣬶ø߰ࡣ
ˣͬǷǳĿ⿴žԡܹܸ鱨ͷӣȻҲǿ鱨ͷӣݷǳ⡣뾰ʵϤԱҹɱ£ҲȽ
Ե԰Ȼͬò˼顣ԣʲôֶΣǰҹ׷ɱרŸ鱨ģ԰ҹ˽⣬Ľ컹Ҫöࡣ
ԣ㻹ţĽ³һĿ⾧
ǵģһţ΢Цȫȫβ
̯̯ܸ֡оĽʱϲ֮顣⼸죬ĽҲΪԼɱ£
źãܺãԣȥƷɱ㣬ôѵģһĽȲʵ
ܹܣҿûӡЦЦ˵
ûӣĽüͷ΢塣
ô£ĪʲôЭ飬㣿Ľ΢΢һ㶡
Ľ԰ҹûֱӴ򽻵յϢһ˹񣬿ɲ׵ıҪ˵Ե޹ʵķŹԣֿԻ治
δ˵ŹĿꡣǲĿĲݵ


480 żƻ
뵽ѾԼնɱҲ
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ôŹ㣿Ľơ
ŹңҰɱˡԡٺ١һЦ
Ľסˣ
ҲһӴסˣ
ɱɱ˰ҹƣ
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ǵʦǿߣһǵʦڣǵʦڵǿߡǵڣɱˣ治̫ࡣǣóٶȺߣһЩʵĵʦߣδɱˡ
Ƭ̣Ľһ
Ȼ𾪣ȴΪ˵Ǽٻ˽⾰ԡĳЩֶΣЩֶΣŽء
ԣ֪Ǻ˹Ӷ𣿡Ŀʵû׷ʾɱġ
żңԼ̵
ڶԾԶ֮ǰ˵˹ݡ֮˵ҲΪձྰԣҾ㾰Ծܾ밵ҹ֯ԼҲаɱԣŽݸ߾ԡ
Ȼżң϶Ľɫһ
ʱ򣬾Կ˿ԱߵĺˡԴˣûʲôӡ󣬲ʱӦҲĽĸ֮ˡ
Ե̬Ľ֪л˵ڰֵԣûˡ
Ľ仰ȻҲͲҪˣֱӵܹܣ뽫żҰγżң
뷨ɲΪżҹӶɱԣͻȻġ
֪үү֮żй󣬾Ծ뷨ʱԵûȫżң˾ˡ̬ķչżɳ龳ҪԼңֹӶҹưɱԼþԾżҡ
ԵĻĽͺˣϢһ
⻰˵ɣȥ׼ˣ
żңĴ֮һ֮񣬳˸޷󡣶һڣżҡ
֮ǰĽ첻֪ԻŵʱҪżҸشۣҲûҪȫżҡ
Ƭ̺ĽĿͻȻһľ⡣
ԣȥˣĽȻϿ˾Ե뷨
ڣ΢΢һ㶡
Ҫżңǿ϶Ҫõ׿ϣȻҪƵġֻǣڿǰҹ
Ȼ˵ڴﵽһ˵ҹûʲô𣬵ʱȥίʵЩɣ
ԣڣĽصͷ²˳٣żһ֪㻹ţҪȽƻ׵żңɲǼ򵥾飬ҪܵĳﻮУ
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ԺĽ죬Ȼ֮⡣
߰ţĽžۡһƫƧĽ䡣
ţϢ©ķաֱӴԺǽɽȥҲǲСرɲܹܸܱȵģĽҪķɽȥʵֻҪһ뿤ۡϿգͻᱻۡڵǿ߷֡
Ҳаڵġţ֪˲࣬Ҷǿĸ
Ľ죬Դĳǽõİţ뵽֮ۡڡܿ죬һ˳֮ǰ˼ĽӰŽҲûʣĽ;ǰסıԺ
ƼԣȻҲ¶𾪵ı顣ǿԳǰҲòᡣ
ſڣĿֿĽ졣
ˣԣûǰҹѾԻɱӶģżҡǺǣһżʧˣҹӶȴûܴﵽĿġĽǷЦ˵
ֿԣתϵѾָ
ˣżңʱ򷴻ˡԹˣ֧żҡ
ԵĻĿһƾ
ԣżҵʵ˽𣿡ƶһ£žʵ
żҵĵʦߣӦòᳬɣ룬ҲǺȷ˵
ʦߣżҿ϶еġż峤ᰣһʦǿߡżǧ֮ãĵ̣ضΪ񡣿³峤ǵʦǿ֮⣬ĵʦǿߡ
ʦǿǵڶǺܶ࣬żңʦǿ߾Ͷˡ
żҵʦߣȷʵˡʦ߻谭żļ壬ǿػġҪżңƱҪƳػ󷨵ػ󷨣ʦ֣Ʋ۾˵
Ҫżļ壬ȫ׼


481 Ես
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ΪƶżҲһǳǵĿǵˡżҹӶҹɱֶ֣ԾǶԿȱپηżֲǲ֪뾰ԵĹϵ
ԣƱضҲżһɫûżҵĴ㣬ǾԾͲȷˡ
ȴҪץסλᣬһٽżҳײ
ҪżңҪ֧֡΢Ĺûп֧֣һ֮żңǾԲܵ顣
ˣż̫ˣ֪ĹϵܣȴӶɱԣҲ̫ˡĽһԽӿ˵Ȼȫվھһ
ƿ˿Ľ죬ǳһ£ֽĿھϡ
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֪Щɻ󣬲˵ڵ½ҡżҡԬҺͲ̼֮⣬ʱһ¬Ҵڡ
ھδӶٳǵʱ¬ҡ¬ңǱһҹ֮䳹״ݻٵģԭѩֱӵĹϵ
ӦҲ֪¬ұһˡȻ¬ңȴûи۵ġǵڣƿؿǵˡԪ½ϣǽǾʮŸ֮һǣҲǱʥͳϽģ
ʮǰ¬ңѾǳӰ죬ʥ֮ڣһЩҵԣٳżңǿ»Ҵܴ鷳Ƴ˵
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ԣ˵ʲôԸʦߣżңɲֻһʦĽҲæڵ
ܹܣɱȻܶԸżҵʦߡЦЦ˵
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ھȴ˵ҪԸżҵʦߡѵɱֶΣܶʹòɣ
ƣҲĿžԡ
ʵնɱģˣѾǵ龳۷徳Ϊҵʵնɱ󲿷ֵʦΪߡżҳʵȳҹȻٺ٣
ⷬƺĽȼʶ㲩ˣҲЩ¡
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⡭ôܣ
˵ԼѾǵ龳۷Ϊ
ɲ֮ǰ뿪һѧԺǰƷǵʱ򣬲Ǹոս龳
ǵãһμԵʱҲǾƵҩһΣ龳ṳ̂룬ֻΪ
̶ʱڣԾͳ˵龳۷壿
ҪҪô̬
ʱ˿̣ƺĽˣһСˣ۴츳ʵϿҲǵڣ⼶Ĵˣ뾰ȣǼֱͨˡ
ԵͣŶʮ¶ͷ
Ȼеޱȵ𾪣Ҳ֪Բ˵ٻ
ֻ˵Ե츳ˣĪҲˣΪؼһ㲻ǾԽ龳۷Ϊնɱĵʦߣµĵط
󣬵ȾԳΪʦߣǽʦεУҲǵһǿߣǵڣмˣԿ⾰̥
ú󣬲ͬʱһĿе𺳣˵


482 Ǭ
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ʱһɺ嫵͸ŲɣеĺϢӿ뾰Ե֮ڡ
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һһЩ󷨣ȻҲǳ󷨣ȴһܲóġ
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ܳ磡ҵƵĸܳ
ϵܣ£ܳԾЦЦʵ
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ܳƵĸλǷǳߵģĽ춼ܳȽϿԣȴҪܳæȥȷʵЩ̫׵ġ


483 β
Ҳȷʵûĺð취
Ժ֮У˿֮⣬ܼҲܳˡͨĻѽ뵽ԺҾԺлҲ档
Ľ쵹ܹĽϾסڿڣһֱ
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ԼܳӦˬ죬ҲͲģֱӽԼҪĶ˵һ顣
ܳϻûʲô飬ž˵һƷɫͲ̫ÿˡ
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ϸ磬Щˡһ˵ֲϺ󣬲Цܳ
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ʦͲ˵ˣڣȴҪ󷨵Ĳϡ츳˾츳ߵĵʦֳʦ
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ȷʵδù󷨡
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˵ЩȻҲǺ⡣
Ԫ½ϣǿЩߣͬʱѧϰģ˵ûУǼ١˵ͬʱѧϰ˵ľϾ޵ġ
ףҲԿҪľǻϡҲ֪ܳǺ⣬ûκεķС
ţԼҲͲ˵ˡܳͷ
ϸ磬ʯӦ㹻ˡ̣ǿԶ๺һЩóʮʮʯ𿨽ܳ
Բֻһ΢󷨣Ժõ̵Ļö࣬һЩҲǿԵġϵõʯֻһǧóҲۡ
ܳ˳ֽӹʯ𿨡
ԴܳԼܳʯҪĶ̫࣬˵ʵҲû취һóôʯֻ
ܳ뿪ȥﾰԹĲϡ
Լʱܳ㷵ءҪĶȫ˹ʯҲһɶ
лϸˣԶܳ˹֡
С飡ϵܣҾͲˡܳ˵ž͸뿪
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⵹һЩ
ҪȻСӣǵʦʦùݿ¶㹻ˡ
ùˣ֪ѴͻġǺǣҪΪʦɲ׵顣һҪʱ;ԲȵɡЦЦ˵
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ǵڣʦȵʦٵö࣬ʦʮ֮һ;ҲԶԶ絤
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˵һ;Ҫȵһ;ѵöࡣҪԴҪµöࡣڿʼʱ򣬲ʧܵļ̫ˣ΢ֲʹõĲϾ󲿷ֶٻʧȥֵ
ɲһġЩ壬ʦǲǴ̫ˡң֧ŵ

Լķڣв϶ǰ۾š
ɱ΢󷨰ɣһ̣Ǳ۾Ǭɱ΢ͰϢ
ͶʼʱĶȽЩɬʱƣĶԽԽ죬ֲϣϵıõ֮ϡ


484 󹦸
󣬲ҪʦԪҪߵꡣѶ֮󣬱
ԾԵļĵҩȥʱҲһʱ
ǲɱȴ˾Գʮʱʱ䡣ǾԵǿʱҲоΪƣ
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ֵϰʯĲϾôˣ㾰ڸԣĺܣ뵽һʧܣͺķϰʯɫҲüΪѿ
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ʹõĲ㽫̶һԡ
۾ĬĬתһ񹦣ԿʼղŲ̣Ѱʧܵԭ
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ϲʧܣռ䲼󣬾ͬɱҲδػʧܡ
˵ǬȻ죬ԱϾոѧϰ󣬶⻹ǵһβ󡣱˵ʧһΣʧܸΣǺ顣
ԱĿһʱٶ۾Ѿ˸ղŲʧܵԭϢһʱʱ䣬ҲԪָ
һΣһóһȫµ̣
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ԣƲΪܳΪʦȻҲ֪Ե츳͵϶ǳľˣôϣܺķѴʱĻҲܳΪʦҪڶʱڲɹȻ̫ܡ
ƿһԼҪΪʦҪʱ;ӦþͻϧȻϴˣ֪ǬôһĶ
죬ϸеɱ
Ҳ֪󷨵ܵΣ
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˵󷨻ǰĺܡǲϣҪϰʯϣҪ̫ʧҡҡͷողúọ̃
Դʯ󣡡ԿٽʯĲ÷Ժлһ顣
΢͵ɱ󣬴ǵĹ󷨣ȻҲͬʱߣԾǵ幥һϣܷӵ¡ʯȴȺԵĹ󷨡
Ϊǰһβ󷨳ɹԵҲࡣĶһЩ
ʯķ̶ȣҪɱҪĲ裬Ҫɱ֮һӡʹõĲϣ΢ɱһЩ
ôʯ˾Խӽʮʱʱ䡣ȻӿһЩʯΪĳЩؼ֮ҲҪǳСġϾһʧܣҪ˷ѽӽϰʯǾԣҲ֧Ų˼ʧܰ
ҵǣʮʱŬûа׷ѡʯҲɹĲó
΢΢
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ĬĬתһ񹦣ռƷʯ̺
һĿһۣǹһʱ䡣
һգ֮ڣһǵĴ
ܳƣЩ֮ڡܹĽ죬ڵȴšÿ˴Ľ춼к


485 ñ˺
ӵˣԵ롣
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ڣ½ҵȼ峤ųϡЩ塢ԣڸԶһЩһŰڷźõ֮ϡ
˵ˣЩڶԣһûзȨģġȻ£ҲԱԼ϶̫ӡ
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Ԭ峤ҲãкüûԬ峤ˣ
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ֻһСˡ̼峤ǫİڰ֣ϵĵȴûκΡ

ڣԷ׷ףǺ֡
ĹԺ˵һѧԺǸˣ¶ĻǼٵģѧԺԺ١һĿĹ㡣
ĹɫЩÿ
ԣȷʵǱȽѧԱǱ
ӾͨýʼѾѧԺעѧԺԺҲ֪֡ԽԽ뿤ǳܵϵ˵ǵĴȫ֪ߡ
ǰĹԺ˵ǱҹɱָɱġڵһѧԺ˵ǲСʧѧԺԺĿдЦ˵
ȻʶԣԾԵӡ󣬼
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Ĺɫѿ
ҲתĿעŵߡ
˵⺢ӿϧ˰
˭˵ǣСǲǣܶһʦߡ
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ˣɫҲ΢΢һ䡣
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Īǿټҹ飬żйأ⣬ķǳпܡ
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뵽һ󾪺ҪżҵĻôڿеķɾЩˡѵΪѾȥľԣҪżҶ
һʱ䣬Ե÷ǳļž
Ľܹܣż峤Ϊûйأڼž½峤Ľʵ


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ҲҪ˵ԶʮͣѾ̤龳Ϊܼȥڰ֮ǰΪʦѣĹȻΪԾ΢ЩϲʱĹ㲻ĶԾԵ͡
ԣվһѧԺѧԱԱɱҲŭĺܡ
ĹԺһ˵츳ǿɲС˵ԵƷԣƺôѧԺԺ̲˵һ䡣
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ĹԺԲһѧԺѧԱҵʦЭĳԱԾԵ£ҲзȨĹԺΪԴǿɾʹˡҿˣرЩ˲ĵģʦЭĸ᳤
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487 С
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Ϊǿƿǣзչ׳󣡶żֺȺ֮ҵ˼ǣ䳹ײϵˣͱȻʱʹΪ˻ȥǲίȫƵͳȵ
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488 㻹ţ
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ⷬò˶ͷղҲھԾȻûбɱ侲ȻҲ뵽һ㡣
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ҹƣóҹóٶȣ㼴ʵ΢ѹҲδɱ
һѧԺԺĹ㣬¶Ȼɫ˵Ƿ갵аﾰŪǵкܴԡɾȴ˵Լɱ˰ҹ


489 ֤ʵ
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߳ŭһŭȻһʮëͷСǰ¶⣬ֱܴ衣Ե

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СӣҪôſ˵ɱɱˣǿЦȻ˵żҹӶ㵽ûӣҹ֯˵ݣ
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ԣֽҹ׳ҲǺںڸոյõҹʱ򣬾ԾϸĲ鿴Ҳ֪ҹʲôôַԼָֽڡ
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ĪǲҾƲƲ¶һЦݡ
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ԣЦЦ
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490 
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491 
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ģۿЩһˣһɵˣ
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ѧԺԺĻһݺݵɨ˺һۡ
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ϳǻܾԻ˵һԻܣɾͶˡȻԱϵԼ档
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493 ս
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ǣҲѹ־ôŭҪżҶ֡ңҲһŭҪżҡ

ΧߣۡǶżҵĹ۸У˲Ҳȵס
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496 С
׼ѰȴЩɡ
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ֻ˼ʱ䣬ջԪʶľΪǷˡ
Ҳǣ˭뵽Խüʱ䣬ܱϳһػ󷨣мʦҲһ㡣
αһ֪ߵغСӼƽϡҪ󣬻½峤΢Ц˵ȴɨžԣ̺ļûκεΡ
ǡֿСӣҪ档ѰڰɡҲЦһ
԰󷨣ɲôоġҪѧϰŬһ;ϳɾͼߣ⣬Ҳǲ˽ˣһᾡ̵ġԬ峤ĳǻȻҲżζ
ЩƺǳЦԼ䣬Ǿͻˬ
תĴӹ
ԣɿһЩʲô𣿡ȻЩ˳ЦԲϲʲôҲö˵ʲô


497 
ʵϣղųԳԵĴȻ˵ëͷСӣУȴӾԡ
ȫںԣҲͲμЦԡΪעԲŶʼɣ뿴ԳܡƺԳܣĵѰҵһЩο塣
ǳϲϣĵףʵѾԵǲεԴˡ
ˣȵҿǲҪٵʱˣΪӣҪҵڣ¡
԰꣡з۾һۡ
Сӣ㵽ΣŭĶžԡ
ʵ󷨣㰴ȥƽ⣬ҵڣЩʵԵ˵
ʲô
Сӣʲôȫһɷĵžԡ
С쵰Ȼ˵żլԺػ󷨲Сӣʲô
ʱʶľΪ뾰ûжԹΪҪô
벻ֻͨޱȵķŭȴԷй
½峤ˣҲЩ
Ǽֻ˼ʱ䣬ԪعֻΪǷˣȴû뵽Ի˵żլԺػ󷨲
ʲôЦ
ǵڣһʦȻҲǳʦڣϱΪģҲ
ƺĽˣҲһۣ˶Щɡ
ԣ˵󷨲ϳʲô𣿡ɻžʡ
ˣȷʵӦǾŻŻһ֮תԭȫͬ󷽷Ҳͬԣȥֻװ˷ʱ䡣˵
֮ǰҪչӣ̬ȣҲþЩ죬ֱӾͽⷬ˵ŻԼܽ⿪⣬Ҳʱʱ䡣ûڣûʲô
Ż󣿡ظһ䡣
ţԵĻȴɫһ䣬Ŀٿ󷨡ģЩȷˣȻǳʦоһȷʵҲкܶˡоŻͬо
û˵֮ǰû󷨿ǾŻ󣬵ôһ˵Ҳô϶ˡ
Ŀй⻪תֿ˿ԣлǷǳơһʮߣôϳŻ
ܣԲܣԣʲôط˵;Żڹ԰һ¡
ҪţƾϳŻ޷ŵġڣȷʵһЩʦ֪ĳʦҲʮ֮ϡо󷨣Ҫѵöࡣ
˵ǾŻ󣬿֤ݣٴγ
Կһۡ
֤ݣҪʲô֤ݣ˺󼴿ɣ󡣡Զ˰֡
̬ȣǳϲҲ˵ϻҪ֤ݣǵԼ⿪ŻȻ֤
󣿡һ㶡
½峤ˣҲסˡ
ʲô
ԻҪ
ԣѵʦţţڻһо
ôĲ۸
ܣԲܣ
ĵףԸһ㡣ɿгı飬Щɻ󣬾Լʧܣ˵ЩԼԼ
ʱѧԺԺˣǱˣѡȿ˵ĵףǲžȻû˵ʲôֻеıĻǺԡ
ԣҪ󣿡˫ü
ǵģҪ⿪ŻӦòʱʱ䡣Եͷ˵
Ƴ
˵ǲþԣʧˣ֡
Ȼ˵ÿ˭ĳȻΪžԡ
ȻҲóĿջֹһҿν󡣡
Ӱһ˺һЩžԡ
Ҳûٶ˵ʲôٶѰҾŻ֮
լԺеᰵˣžԡ
峤С쵰˵ǼػǾŻںɣһżҳϣʵ
ػͣǻܣżڣҲֻк֪
ʱᰵɫѿΪȻ֪Լػ󷨣ȷʵǾŻ
СӵôϳŻģûֱӻӦλϵѯʣͳŷŭ˵ôһ䡣
仰ȻҲǻشϵ⡣


498 
żˣɫһ
һĿ⣬Ķڴ߶ԪѰڵľԡ
涮
Ҳ̫˰ɣλƺǿʦ˵żҵػ󣬶ȴ˵ǾŻ󣬵˭ȷģ
벻ͨǣһʮߣô󷨵ģ˵Ѿǵ龳ߣһʦôܻʱоѧϰ
Ҫ˵󷨣ʲô
ԶΧ۵ȺһҲ̸ۡڵѾܴۼԵ˿ܻǺܶ࣬˵ֵˣȴࡣ
죬˵żҵػ󷨣᲻ǾŻ󣿡ƣߵĽ
Ľ΢
ҶԾԵ˽⣬Բֻȡˡղ˵ǾŻƺȷŵӣҾãϳ󷨣ӦжϴˡĽԾԵΣһ޷׵ġ
ԵһȥܹܸʱĽ뵽ӵɽأˣĺ
ٺְ￤ĸ޸
һУ֤Եķͬһ㡣£ȴδ
ǾܷƵ󷨣ü
⡭Ľ˵Ƶ󷨣ҲãЩˡҪƵŻ˵ϣҪҪߣ
̫ˡ
СӰƿЦЦҡҡͷҲԵЩΣСһˡҪǲ϶᲻ĵġ
ʱ䣬һš
ܿģһʱ䡣
ţԵ˫Ŀ֮УͻȻһ⡣񣬶Ȼһλá
ŻӦѾҵһţƻһһ׷ˡתӰһɲǼƶȥ
䣡
ԪӿӰ֣嫵ܣǰһĻȥһ죬Ҳ֮
ֻżҵػ󷨣һƬӿϣһ
еĿ⣬žԡھһ֮еˣػ󷨵ı仯
һʱӿĹνƽϢ󷨹âȻȹ̵żҵլԺ
һǸЦ
ʧ˰ҿɡȻѧԺԺûκоܰһĻȥػ󷨲ûԵı仯ʶľΪʧˡ
쿴űǣʲôɨ˹һۣĺȵ
㡭Ϣ
ȴûκͣʱһѾƻʱ򣬾Ҳ˲˵ڶԣ̾ڶڵλá
ղŶһڶƹϵĻȥ
¡
꣡
Ż͵ĿһµĿХ
ʱ˶żլԺܵ㣬ڶݵҫ󣬱ɢҶܿγɵϣһĿĵĺɫ¶
һ֡͵ĻӶɫâſֲܣżլԺϿպɨľŻ׵Ľɾ
ˣŻǱȫƵɢɢڿռ֮ڡ
˵Ƶȵʦߣδ̤ĺߣҲܿóżլԺػ󷨣ѾƵ
⡭
ôܣ
ıˣԣҵ󷨵
˼飡ԣðĹ
˶ҵ󷨵ƻĻôԣԲһ˵Ƶżҵػ󷨡
ڣֻһɵĽƵѾ㹻˵Զ˽͸˶̶һʱ䣬ҵͻƵ㡣
ɫЩ̡
ſԳû뵽һʱ䣬Ծͽżҵػ󷨸ˡ
ģžž찡
ֵǮ˵󣬽ԣˣԲȷġĻǵҲֻǰװ˷ʱ䡣ЦĻָǾŻʱΪڹԡ
һ룬Ǻܶ
ֻǣԵôģ
㶵Ŀžԣζӳ£ɫҰ
ȸֲĳԵˣʱɫҲÿٿԵʱĿ֮Уֶһ˿塣Ե̫ˣﾰԣЩ˵治ʲô¡
ˣƣתЦŶƵ
ţ
ֱ͵һӡ
ǣżլԺܵļӣһȡ


499 ʥ
ĸɫΣֱ
һĻԶɫһ䡣
˶쾳͵龳ߣͬʱ֣ǵܣǵʦߣҲ޷⡣һ̶ȣʵı仯
ż군ˣ
֮ǵżңͽΪʷ
żҿҲ벻Ϊһԣְ֮ɣ֪żҿҲﾰԡ
ҲҵģӶҹɱְɱԡڱҲȻġ
Χ۵ߣȻЩ꣬żң޶ͬ顣
żլԺڣҲңżڶǿߣ׷׼׼ƴɱҲ֪ƴֿҲֲ˶ʱ䡣һڵļ壬뿤⡣
ƣס֣
ʱᰣȴһŭ𡣽ţӰܶլԺϿա
ƣ㲻ܶżҶ֡ᰵͳ˵Ķʡ
ֱӽг֡
ŶΪβ֣ܶʵ
㿴ʲôֱһӣһɫת
ţڹŷ
֮ϣһƬӰ֡
ʥ˾
ƿƬӰĿʱһɫ䡣
ʥƵĿ˿һֿۣӰ
Ӱ֮Уģɫֳּ
ʥɫĹ⻪۳ɼ֡
ֻǼ֣棬ȴһ嫵ĿܡǾԸܵܣ񶼼¶
ÿµĿ⣬صĶ⼸֡
ƣʥĲʥżңвʥڽİڣ㿤ܶżҶ֡ϣ¶һĨ⡣
ʥȷʵͬСɣһ̶ϣʥϡ
żңôõʥ˿üʵ
ƶԲʥȻİϣвʥǣһڣôʥĲʥ
㲻Ҫ֪ᰵ˵
ԭ򲻵ѣǲ붯òʥģΣѾǧһĵزٲóʥżҾǵڶ¬ҡòʥܱסżҰ
ɫá
żó˲ʥû취ˡżóʥżңǾΥʥΪأһܳܵġ
˵һˣǴ½ϣǿµߴ壬ҹȻΥʥ
֮ǰǲ֪ʥǺӿᰵĶԻУҲһ˿ߡƺżⲻʥͲܹżҡ
ѧԺԺҵ峤ˣʱҲݴ䡣֮ǰҲΪżǶ㲻ȥˣû뵽żҾȻһöʥƴڡ
һöʥȻֻʹһΣҲ㹻ˣٰʱ䣬ܶż֡
½ҵȼ壬ĿжһЩĽ֮ɫȻǵļ岢ûвʥ
ⲻʥʲô
֪û˵ǿƺӡ
ߣȻʥƣ˵ʥΪսңһЩʥȻⲻʥԼǹٷɱĻǲʥûЧá
Χ۵Ⱥ̸۲ʥǺˣһЩʶȽϹߣȴ֪ʥ
ԣƶԾ֡
żвʥڣҿܶżҶˡȾԹƲΪѵ˵
ʥʥģɻ
ԣƵͷʥˣΪ˷ֹ֮ɱһЩʥκһʥ󣬶ֹսʥܵĳͷ
ƵĽͣԲסԭⲻʥֵԭΪ˷ֹ֮ɱ
ͺñȣǣҪǵĻôóʥǹһͱֹͣ˱Ȼͽܵʥĳͷ
ʥôӦҲбСǵ⡣Ŀǣڴ½ϵľʮſУǱȽСġûвʥıôЩǿĿǣп̲ǡ
ⲻʥûԼɣԶ˶ʵ
ȻʥֻԹٷԼ翤ȡƵͷ
ǾͺãˣǾԸżҡĿоⱬ䡣
᰹ӶҹưɱԼΪԼǬСڣԼӦѾˡżԼҹᣬӶҹɱְɱүү졣ԹѾ˲ɻĵز
ΣԶҪƽżҡ
ʲô
ԣ㲻Ҫ㻹ᣬ츳ò˶ã̤ʦûҪðաԵĻæȰ˵


500 ʾ
ǰԣвçײΪżʥĲʥ˲ܶżҳ֣ǿܹܣҲְܳ㡣ȷ£Ǵӳ飡ĽҲŶԾ˵
ˣܹܴˣ֪Ǻ⣬ҼȻˣͲ׻ȥżҼ̶ѨҾҲҪһλģ𲻵żңżɱҲѡЦЦ˵
ԡƻҪȰ˵δ˵꣬ԱѾȥ
ƥ򣬽վڣֳ𽣣Ϯյᰡ
ҹھУȻż峤ȴҲгʵ𲻵żңҲŪᰡ
ȻԲδһʼͶȫд߶Ԫҵˮƽ
ֶܳԸżңҪɱᰣǿɱҲסżǿҲ֮࣬ǰ˼ż֮ڣǿʦߡ
ҪɱᰣҪһƲߡ
᰼ԼϮɱɫҲһĿкâ
ҵҪСж͡᰿дȡ
ϣƺȫںԡУǺܽġ֮ǰ˵һնɱ龳۷ĵʦЭḱ᳤ʵԲС
ңȻھУҲһɵ㡣
ԣԾԣȻҪСһЩ
Сӣ
С֣ҹż峤ɣ
Ϸ
żլԺУһ͵ķɳżڣ龳ǿȷʵ٣ת֮䣬ʮâ԰ΧЩǵ龳ߡ
Щ龳ߣǵԶȫںʮ龳֣ǹͲСˡ
һ𣬾Ա㽫ʯȡϵĴʯȻܱȳʯ٣ڶʱڣԸʮ龳ߣӦⲻҪ֪΢͵ɱ󣬶һĵʦޡ
ʯȺԹɱͬʱԸĿ꣬ʵĵ龳ߣǳܲסʯĹ
ԣ㣡ԭվĵһѧԺԺĹ㣬ಡĳ˳һУ˫Ļʮ龳żǿɱȥ
ĹʵȻǿҪʱɱʮ龳ߣҲѡңЩ龳УһЩ龳۷ǿߡ
ĹԺҪżҳΪУ᰼Ĺ֣һ䣬ŭȵ
峤ҵһѧԺѧԱӶҹɱְɱԵʱ򣬾Ӧ֪żҵһѧԺѾԹĹڻӦᰵͬʱеĶȴûκͣ١
Ǽʮżҵĵ龳ǿߣĹֵʦ߹ʱȻҴ⣬ȫԸֶԿ
С֣ɣ᰽עŵϣǰһһɫĳ
һԶеɫһĿȡ
Ϣ뷨Ȼͬ᰽ȡ˲䣬һ˵ܱ
ʥ⽣
ף
е𽣣âǣ᳤գ᰺ɨȥ
ߣСҲǰ¶ϢᣬȫԪǣɫ⼱ͣת۱㽫ʣȾһ㵭ɫ
¡
ײâ貣ƥ
ײ֮УӰɶͬʱ³һѪɫҲɷס
ʵҲǰ֪ĶһԻɣд󶨣ղΪʵпܲɵ֮ģû뵽һν֮󣬾ԾͱɣȻѾˡ
뵽ղԼȻôŭȾԷڿһ̤žԱƽȥҪնɱ
ԡĽŭĿԲŭ
Ӱ΢΢һ𣬱ȥסż峤ᰡ
죬ҪסĽ졣
ʵҲֽҲǰﾰԡǣôˣôȴģܾ֮ܿ֡ĽǿܹܣҲǹٷݵˣͬǰﾰԶԸᰡ
ǡĽ쵱Ȼ֪Ƶ˼ҪžԱնɱҲ
Ľܹܣɣʱ򣬼޶սЭ᳤վ˳
䣬ӰѾᰡ
޶սЭ᳤֣Ľ΢΢ɳһŵٿս
żңûô˰ϷҲոְɣ
ʱһ⣬żլԺޱȵ
δȫ£ӰѾִսˣһϮҺɫۣӰͣϢǳˡ
̫ϳϣżڶǿߣӰ֣ж


501 Ծ
żԺɳߣżһ̫ϳϣһµĵʦǿߡ
Ϊ̫ϳϣʼ£ΣʱΪ̫ϳϣǾԲԹ۵ġ
Լ̫ϳż˾Ϊ֮һҲ¶ȵĳݱ顣
᳤δһ㶼û䰡̫ϳϣ˫ĿӼ޶սЭ᳤塣
峤Ҳһܾʮǰһ屾ȥ᰹ԣż̫ϳȻδ֣Ȼ޷ֹż峤ᰵĶ
벻μ棬ȴǱɵˡ峤ϣҪΪоԵ˳ͷ𣿡̫ϳ͵ϣȡ
Ǻǣ⣬ÿ峤ôˡҪԣżҪɱԣ峤أϴŵЦ⣬ȫԪѴ߶ʱ׼֡
Ǿ᳤ΪɣϢһӰ͵ĳ˹ȥ

Сɣһߣŭк
ʱʱֹס˻Ķ׼ֵ幥ʱż̫ϳڣȻٴζԾԳ֡
ƥɱңҲô׵ġǹѪĿȴޱȼ㣬һ㶼ᰡ
ˣĽ콹ĵͺ
Ѿ뾰Ժܽٳ֣ҲֹᰶԾԵĹ
ղţԱһͻɣôԻܵסᰵڶ
ƵĿУҲһ˿ǡЩջ𣬲ǶżջҲԵղѾȰԣɾԸͲû취ְﾰԡ
ԽտҪնɱˡ
ǰԵʵȷʵǿȻܵס峤һ˫԰ڶ֮£»
ڣǲ۲۵šǣЩ̫ˣܵȸʮ꣬ΪʦߣٶԸżӦþͼࡣ
Χ۵ڶߣٶҡͷ̾Ϣ
½峤ˣĿⶼ˸᰺;ԵĶսĵףϣԱ᰻ɱ
¡ɫɫ⣬ٶײ
ײľ죬ԵӰһαɡһΣҪһεɳԶľ룬Ը³ѪɫɷףȥƷǳءڶ֮£ֳûбֱնɱ
СֵӲһݺݵһ䡣
δ䣬ٳԡ֣ᰵǳ׷ˣܸоԵԪڱȫԪ÷ǳȶԣԵƾԲᡣΪ˷ֹٳ⣬Ҫ̵ʱ䣬ԾԷԳնɱ
ᰣ˷һ˿һʱ䣬ٶȣ߶ޣžԱƽ
ƥҺƴˣһ˫Ŀ죬һŭ󣬾ᰣȥѾȫʧȥǡ
С֣ɣԳԼжʱһϲֻΪǷˣȫʧȥǺжϣһԼƴ
УûκεĽ䱸ԼʩչԿԽնɱɱԣҲǽżһͷ󻼡
֮
ڷУת֮ڶ㣬ٶȻޱȵıƽᰡ
ףСٶȵǹ찡ƺȫٶȻһЩȽѧ᰼ͻȻ٣ʶתš
Ȼû̫⡣ٶٿΣתӴܣǿԼ׷ϡԣԼԽ죬ľԽ졣
ٺ١ɣᰣڱŷɫĽ⣬ڿռһɫ磬ŻϢϯԡ
ԣҲ·߶ȫԪ𽣽ϣ嫵ĳɫâ
꣡
ԣֱӽɫ˦˳ȥ
飡ɿµ׳â顣Ƭ̺󣬳ɫ𽣣ɫײɡ
Ե֮δֹͣԵ壬ȻԿµٶȣӽż峤ᰡ
ô£
ԾͻȻʶƺЩԣüĿɻ
֮£ԲӦñնɱȻԽ˦˳ȥҲܸı䱻նɱĽ᰸оʩչĵƺҪǰǿ࣬ʩչѧȻûѹԵĻԵѧûܽǰǰɳȥ
Сʲôûжʱ˼׷ʲô
ԵӰѾֽʮ֮ڵλá룬ԾԵٶȣ˲ӹ


502 նɱ
ûʱ룬ֱۿһɫڿռһĿĵĺɫƣԹȥ
ʵʱ򣬲᰸㲻״ЩΧߣҲ֪׷ʲô
ᰵȻûжԾʵԵ˺ɾԣΪҪ嵽᰽ǰأԵɳȥˣѵӽᰣᰶԹ
˵ʱʱ죬˶ͷԲ²⾰֮ʱУͻȻһɫ̽ϣɱƣܲ
ʥ⽣
ף
飡
⣡
ͬһʱ̣ԽԼеֶζʩչ˳û취Ҫɱᰣͱ졣֮ǰʾĿҲΪ˳䲻⡣
ᰵΪȻҪȰҹһЩϾǵʦߡżҵ峤еƿ²٣һǿĻһᰴ·磬Ǳضܶʡ
ĿǰΪֹżҳĵʦǿߣˡڰУӦûһʦû¶档ҪɱᰣԵĲӦġ
ԽԪ߶ޣֶξʱɫ䡣оԵĹֵסҾԲٶȿ죬ٶҲ֮ǰ࣬˱ܿһֵĽâ޷


С֣㾹ҰңʱҪǻԸղǹʾĻǴˡ
Ϊһ㣬᰼ŭġ뾰ɱĵطѾƫżլԺżҵǿ߾ԮѾ
ƥȥɣǣһĨЦ
꣡
ۣᰵ赲ֻ˲գʱ䣬ͱԵĺɫơɫĹΣʹᰵ
ȫԸ֣ס˵ֻеʦΪᰡңеĺɫ̽Ҳͬǵܱ𽣿µöࡣ
Ҫܵסǲǹ¡
Ϊ᰸ոûκε׼ñƵʱ䶼ûС
֮ϣᰵ͵һһͷԵ
һĻеˣˡһĻȻûõ˾֮⣬ԾԱȽ˽Ľ죬󲻵
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ԬңҲ빺һԭżҵĲҵ
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񣬲֪ڵΪ
˵ǿ˱żң΢һЩɺܿģֵõϢ˵żһʥıÿ˲֣ܶٴᵽɤۡ
ڸϵżլԺȴżլԺһƬǽ壬ضʬ塣Χƺû
ŵģȺѰҾԵټ
˳ϣȿ΢Це
Եѭ˾ԡһʱһ𡣿ƣȻҲͼһΣҲʶ
ԣȻվڿ˵ߡ
˳ϣ˵ԶԾ֡
飬첽߹ȥԿ˹
ˣ񡣡ưڰ֣΢ЦԾ˵
еļԱȻվڿ˵ǰ뿤˵ϻǰ붼ġ
ɫ죬ʾԵ׷ʲô£Щ˼ɡ
˳ϣǿܹĽ졣Ľ뾰ЦŴк
Ǽ޶սЭ᳤壡
ǵһѧԺԺĹ㣡ĹҲһ΢Ц
ǵһѧԺԺ棬ҲұѧԱЦһ

һȺ;к񣬴һƬհף֪ôӦˡ
ЩɶĴﰡ
ȻЩ뾰Թϵõģû뾰кˡǸӦһ¾ʵֲΪ͸ûʲôȤˡ쾳ߣУͲʲô
Ƭ̺
˳ϣҾڣж쾳ӵܣѯʾ
żҲҵĽӹܣ󲻵ã£ʵȥþüǲǡ
ԵĻûӦ½峤ˣϢ䶼ЦһٳСеļ壬жߣԣ˼ǰѯʡ
ԣҪżҵӴҵҲʮڶ߲а
ǰ԰żҵĲҵļܹ֡󲿷֣Ҫ۵ġ
峤һԴųЦ˵ǻУԴ̫ζ
֪ΪҪʣǻӦ˵ǰϢڣһһ쾳ӵܡ
֣Ҳһ
֪쾳ӵܣӦвˡҲû뵽Ȼһ١
Ҫ֪żĴң쾳ߣҲİҵӡԼľңȻйٵ졣
ȷʵǣǳ˵ġ
Ȼˣܳô쾳ߣҪΪʥҩҪʥҩĻǼ㾰ƿ˶ٳǣô̵ʱڣܶͲˡ
½峤ˣһĿǳԾ
ôܣ
ٳСеļ壬Ȼй죿
ⲻ췽ҹ̷
˵ٳǣڣЩһеǿ壬Ҳһٸɣ
Ǿ͸оԼϻġղ˵ĻԼԼ
ƣ죡
ҲûϵҾȻôǿ
˾ԣӢѾ龳ֽ˵һ䡣
Ŷĳ̤龳ˣһ
뿪ٳǵʱ򣬾ڣ峤ҰĳϾӢ۷徳ߡ
۷͵龳Ȼֻһ磬֮䣬ȴ֮
û뵽ϴһĳϾӢȻѾ龳
ǣֵصһ¡
ǰĳϳΪٳǳãͻƳɹ̤龳΢п˵
ţǺ£Եͷ
˳ϣиϢҪ㴫ؼڡ֪ͨ峤ǽӹżҵĲҵǾңһ쾳ߣЩУ¶ʮڶٳǡģȫǡ֮󣬶Ծ
ӹżҲҵĿԲ
ȻͲСòˣȫ͸һɳġʱɴ˫ĿҲ䡣
ԣżѾżҲҵƹܡЦŵͷ
ھ֪ͨ峤ֱ֪׷ʲôڣֻҪ֪ˡ
ǽӹżҵĲҵǡ
һ룬Ѫڰ
;ԵֺƵ˵𣬶ȥ
ԣæͳƳżҵĸҵʱƹЩҵˣȫƽļ塣ƶԾԵ
ղģûżҵĲҵ֪ô쾳ߣһͲҪˡȻʵЩСоڣпӦȫýˡ
лˣԹл


509 һ
żҲҵģӴһ˺żزҵƱһƬңûпæһˣǺڶʱ
˿ĲЭҲͼˡҺͿԵ˻Ӧò̫ࡣ
żϢҲԼٶȣӡ
ʱʱ䣬ϢͿʼڸдݡ
ΪĴ֮һżұһ顣
ڽļʱǵĽֵϡ¥ڵȵȵط̸۵ȻǾż¡֣һʱҲﵽǿȡ
˶²⾰Եʵ˵Ես⣬Ҳ˵ֻһӵͨʦսߡ
˵硣ټ٣һҲ޷ֱ
һҶϣǾǾԶʮɨĴ֮һżңǧ˾޵ߡ
żҺ󣬽ӹżҵľҵԲûгԶʳ
һνУʦЭᡢһѧԺ޶սЭᣬгְæԣҲżҲҵֱֳ͸⼸
ʦЭĻ᳤޶սЭ᳤һѧԺĹԺȻҲƴһն˾Եзǳ⡣
ЩûаﾰԵǻڵóӶˣҪ֪żңǿ϶ҲˡżңҲܵõĺôϧҲûкҩ
ֻ˼ҰкôϷ֣
һѧԺԺһɽɽ塣
⼸գҲΪ֡
ǱѧԱϷѧԱؾԡ
֮ǰϷһìܺĦڣϷѧԱԾԶĺܡھǰһޱȵĹһɫС
ھԵʵǰ߰ͷ­Ҳò£̧
̫ǿˣ
ŵʦսһѧԺʦǿҲĸǱϷҲǵ龳۷Ϊ
ʣڵһѧԺڣмˣھǰڼӣԺĹ㣬ԶͿġĹۼż̫ϳϵʦΪ챻ԸŪˡ
壬ɽ֮¡
Ϸ̷ӦȱεĶһۡ
˵Աҹɱʱ򣬻ĺܣǰżҿսϢֱˡ
Իţޱȵ𶯡ϢżұǾסˡǺôҲǵһѧԺϼҪһӷӣȷʵеѡ
ⲻʱ˼ǺǻҾˡ
ζһۣ㶼塣
ƽ̨ϴ
ԣˣ΢΢ԾԼ
ȻֻǵһѧԺԺѧԱˣȻҲھǰд̬϶ǳ
Ц
żȻﶼǵﾰԣǾˣɣԾԵǿϿĹϵŪˣҲûʲôѹ
˫ĿǺӦȱҲվ¶Ц⡣
λáԶ˵˵ͷ
ˣìܣȴ޷ĳޡԣηͿԼ󣬾ȻҲɫԷ
˼ԵıһֱŵģҲ
˫һᣬӦȱ˵ĻУҲԵǸ˼
˫ìܣҲǻˡ
ٳǣң
һʱ䣬ҵķչٶȣֱﵽ˿ֲĵزһ쾳ߣһð
ڼլԺУһ쾳ߡ
쾳ߵļһ⣬Ҳڵ˾峤Ұǰ
쾳ĵԴȻǺܱȵġȻ˶ٳǣǶٳǱϾСУԴޡ룬Щ벻ˡ
ѣһʱ䣬Ҷֻ߽ʯɽѰԴԲԴϵġ
ȻٳУҲڿٷչ֮СֻǳеķչԶԶûоҵ׳١
ҰΪ峤ҲǾĺܣÿ춼Ҫ룬ʲôطŪԴⶫٳ֮ڣûʲôð취ˡٳǱϾĺܶڣܲܲһ·
һգҰӵ˴ǴһϢϢǰ˳Ͼ񴫻ء
ҰϢ֮ɫʱ䣬һ󣬲ĺһ
ίʵǣϢ̫ˡǾ񴫻أϢġ
ˣҰһͺȡ
峤һԺС
üլԺڵ쾳Ա£ҰԻԸ


510 һȺ
ãۼ
ȻĿǰΪֹҵ쾳ߣԳںΪࡣЩһܴƣǶᡣڽӽһ죬󲿷ֶʮ֮µߡ
Ǳ޴
ЩУܹ龳ģҲв١ֻҪԴ㣬Ųʮ꣬ҵĵ龳߾ܲӿֳ
֪峤ټǺ£
ҲûʲôϢٳǺûʲô¡
ǲ֪ǼڵԴԽԽ٣ò˶ã屦Ϳˡ˵ڱѧʯֻʣˡ
ʲôô죿
峤СҾãʵڲеĻЩӣʯɽɱ޻ȡԴǺģ
ԣǾҰ˳ڹϵҲȽϹ⣬ֻҪŪޣ͵Ǻ׾ֻܳȡԴ
Уľ죬һ̸š
峤ˣ
ʱ峤Ұ˽˶æվ
Ұߵ
λɣҰѹѹ֡
ԣڶྰ죬ŷ׷¡
գҽдһҪҰ뵽ոմǴϢлƽĿоڳ˵
дҲһݡ
Ҹոսӵ˳ϴǴصϢҪҴʮ쾳ļԱǰǷչҰһ˵
˶һ㶡
ھҵĵλȻܱȵġ峤ҰڵĶٳǳӢ޷뾰Ტۡ
Ҫ峤Űʮӵȥ⻹벻
峤ǲЩˣһλü˵
ǰǾ쾳ӵȷʵ٣ŰʮȥоչˣҲȫվסšǣڸûжԴҵһλϣ˵
ȥǷչһ죬Ҫ߳һҲ׼ڣѾûʲôԴˣȥôҵѵȥˣմ۵Сۻӣǻڶٳǣ뱳ʯɽƼ˾ͽʯɽɱޡ
ǰ峤ԵôģžҰʵ
ǺǡҰˣЦ
ǲõģѾǵżңȥ֮󣬾Ϳ̽żҵĲҵȡԴң˳ϴصϢҲ˵żҴ˵ĸԴˣȥˣʹЩԴҰӱޱȾ
żң
żң
żʲôļ尡жԴͲҵ
Ұ˵ⷬ˶һ𣬲¶ɻı顣󲿷ߣ֪żҡ
峤˵żңһżңһλϣȻ֪żҵЩţżҿĴ֮һ֪Ⱦǿٱ
ǸżҡҰЦЦ˵
ʲô
ôܣϣ𺧵Ĳվ΢΢
峤ϣżѵǿ󣿡죬֪ż塣
ȻǿżңĴ֮һ˵ʦǿߣֻһһһ˵

죬ɵˣ
ղǸ峤˵żңΪһС塣ȻһС壬Ҳ̫СҪȵĶٳԼǿһЩȴû뵽żңȻĴ֮һ
ȻżҴĺ壬Ĵңû˲Ǵʲô
ԸĴ֮һżң峤Ըôģ˴ŴصĺѯʾҰ
ҲȥǣȻ֪ˡڣȥǵģվֻʮˣȹȥҰ΢΢۾˵

ڳߣȫվҲͼû
գҰòüԱڶٳǣʣµİʮߣһͬǰǡ
׼һ£ǾͳҰ߰
ǣ˶Ӧ
ʱҴңת۱ǽ¹
첿ӣڵִǡ
ۣǣ
ôĳУǶٳǣ֪Ҫ٣
㿴ֵǶٳǿʮֹ
ЩߣҸоϵϢǿǸ߼߰ɣ쾳ģӦҲУ
ӵܣڽֵϣܵĻ׷׳̾϶Ǽ˷ܡ
һȺϽү·һĺ˺󷽴


511 ɵ
˶תĿȥ
ߣ֮ɫҡ߹
ʵϣȻ٣ֵǳϾӵע⵽Կıֶ龡̫ɢԣԶ飬ûǺ漸γϰ
һ䣬ЩߣɫЩ졣
ڶٳǣǺܵ裿Ҳ֪ǲǶٳǣǿƣԾЩˣҲܿơ
ȻЩŭɻһֱһЩ
ҰҲЩŭ𣬲û˵ʲôէǾҪΪá
Ǽߣ˱һ죬
һȺӽÿǶ𣿡
治֪ǿǣǱЩиȾˡҪ˵ǾͲӦЩ˽
һ㶼ûЩǣǺԴҪûǣǿ϶ڡ
ʲôɣСӸ㣡
⼸ߣ˵ĶԾ
λҪ̫ˣѾÿ·ǹȥǡҰɫżˣ˵
ϣ϶Ҷ죿
֪֪˭
϶ˣǳ¼ҳңҺҶ죿˰ɣŲһ㣿⼸УΪ׵һˣĵ˾Ұһۣĵ
¼ңһ壬Ǻܴġ⼸ӣһЩеӵܡ
λǲ£벻ҪڳǣҰüѹеŭ
ڶٳǣԼұֱܹոǣδ㣬ȷʵǲҪΪãһֱ̡

ϼһﻹΪǰ
㣿ǿ㣡ʲô⣡˶Ц
һתϼһүүҺܲˣ죬㲻ʮʯ뿪ǣ
ĻҲһ
ȻǴӵܣƽõԴҲǱȽϹ̶ģͲʹáڳթ£ûһЩǴߣǼÿթܳɹߣʵǿǣҲҵǡ
˼ӵ٣ҲСеļ壬ļ壬ʮʯ˵Ȼ٣һ£Ӧõó
һСеļ壬Ҳ¡˵Ǽ˶쾳Ϊ㶯֣Ҳġһ֣ǲУǱļ壬Ҳһְǡ
⼸ˣȻҪ⳥ʮʯҰĶŭˡȻ£Ҳ׼żҲҵġǾҵľԣżȻﶼܸɵˣԲ˾Եͷ
ǲͬ⳥أҰЦЦ
ϼһҵ˼ҰȻֱӾܾʱ߶Ԫһչ¶쾳Ϊ
䣡ҰҲ͵һ
Ұ۷ΪԪȫ߶ƾˡ
ܵҰԪޱȵİ磬ҵɫһ䣬ʶ˺һ
ʮӵܣ峤߶Ԫˣ໥֮һҲ߶Ԫ
䣡
䣡
һʱ䣬֮ϣԪӿ
ҵˣӦʮӵϵԪɫٱ䣬֮УҲһĨɫ
Ұߣǵǲо⡣ǣЩߣʮߣȻҲΪĺ¡ЩߣǶ࣬вٱǶᣬȻ̤쾳磬ǵȻеҡ
Ҫ֪ǶǸԼڱȽһߡǼ֮Уʮ֮µߣҲôЩ
ǰһˣʲôͷ
һȺȻΪҲֲ̫˰ɣ
ʲôҾ֮Уҧ
Ҿǣǿɱǿǳ¼ӵܣҪǸҶҶ֣ҵļԲŹ㣡ˣľսĴ
ǳϣ˺⼸Ǵӵܳìܣܿ˲פ㡣ЩˣһȺˣȻϢȣߣҲɴ۾˵
峤
ʱһ
Ժ;һ˹žҰһ
ԣҰԣæԪ
Ը磡
˳ϣھӵܣԪԺ;
˿ԣǱ飬˹Ƶġ⼸ˣҲԣ֪żҵǿˡ
һҰ뾰ԵĶԻһȫɵˡ
Ū˰죬ȺˣȻǾļˡ


512 פ
Ҽ˶ɵž߹
֮ǰҰһȺˣԱΪʵȻҲԾҲû뵽ⱳмҲʮ־塣
ڼԣһɺ⣬ӽŵֱϴڡ
ʲôˣ
ǿżȻǿˣǼ˱ļǿҲԶԶ޷żȡ˾ԣǱ˵ǼСڵļ壬ܱΪƽأżҾõӡ
ǸԵļ߲㣬Ҳȷһµļ棬ǾǾԡǾԣǾ
Ҽˣʱˡ
峤һ·ˡ΢Ц뾰Ұк
ʲôࣿҰһЦ
Եͷ
һתҵˡ
ҵ˶һߣϽ·뿪ֲҡԣֻһԣϣֱӺǡû뵽ʲôʲôԵһ䵽Ǽϡ
ϥһͨͨȫ
ԴˣǴˣǴˣһ
Դү飬ǧҪһʶ

ҼˣӦҲ죬ǹڵͷ϶ĳѪһѱһϴġ
֪һǣĵĻᶼûˡ
ü
˵ʵڵľ磬治м⼸Сղ⼸С辰ҵˣҲٿһЩŹˣС˾ңСԣոϣԲͱơ
辰ңԡ
Ұ˿Ҽ˵ĶҲЩȻ⼸˵ıǺ˽⣬ɴӸղżŵ̬ȿ⼸˱ļҲʲôС塣ɼˣڼԺ󣬾Ȼܱŵֵز
Ұˣ𺳵žԡ
ֻоһ΢ЦۿھǰǷǳصġ
Ǽվһ֣һԪӿҼ
ڻصԼļ壬Ǽ峤ң԰˵
⼸См档£Ҳܾôˡ
ҵ⻰һ𣬶໥һۡҪ֪ͨǼ峤Ǽ廹ýһƤǣ־ԲӾԵĻ֪ͨ峤벻ᶪСӾԵĻС¾ͱסˣҺܸܿǸԵļ壬֮֡
ɣżլԺǸԼ峤һͺȡ
ǡæԶ롣
峤Ҵȥǵפأ΢Ц˵
פأҰ΢һ
󣬱ЩĿ˸ԣ˵żլԺ𣿡
ǰżլԺԺ󣬾ǾլԺˡ԰ڰЦŵ
żңѾΪʷǧңһ֮Ļ
һˣڳϿ첽ߣԭżլԺλȥ
ԣղǼߣʲôݰҰ뵽֮ǰĳҼˣ̲סʵ
ԿǸԼ峤ģǼ߱ļ壬ǱȽϴǵ峤
ҲʶǣΪ׵Ǹ˵Լǳ¼ˡ¼ңǶ壬֮ǰżҪһЩ˵
¼ңǰԸյǵʱ򣬻һν
Ƕ壬϶ûеʦߣһԱǿҲ͵龳۷ΪЩ˽Ƚ϶ࡣ
Ժ;ԣҰˣһ󲨶
ֻǶ壬ҲҪȾǿ֪ٱĿǰǿģҲǾӢٳǳǰŽ龳ڡ
ԵҰ֪ǳ¼е龳۷ߺбһġ
ʵ⵹Ҳ־ҰҰϾ۷ΪڶٳСУҲټ龳Ϊߡٹ̵Ĺһת
ҰҲٶѯʲôΪԵģƺںЩ塣
һˣܿżլԺλáһսżլԺཨ𣬲𻵲أֻҪ΢һ¼ɡ
żլԺҲпĻأκ˶ܽżլԺ
ˣԴžҰˣżլԺ֮ǰĿ΢УŤͷ˵
żլԺ
ӴլԺǾլԺöˡ
ǵȻżҿĴ֮һԱ¼Զʮɣ
ҵӵܣ׷׾̾еӴլԺĳ
ԺǾǵפˡԿ˾һۡ


513 ת˲
ԣżլԺǰĿٱӭ
ЩĻ϶ʶԡ
鷳ȥ֪ͨˣ˵ѵǣ׼żҲҵԿĶԻӳ˵
ǣӳӦ첽ȥ
ԴžˣżլԺȽլԺϤһ¡
һʱʱ䣬ƾԸ˹
Ұˣһμʶ֪ǰˣһæ񡣶ƣҲǳĿ
ƿЩ죬Ҳٴ𶯡һСм壬Ȼô죬𾪡
ƹ󲻾ã峤ҲҴҵĸ
⼸λ峤˵Ǽӵܣ˾Ժ󣬶һɫ÷ǳѿ󣬱ûκε飬ֱӾżլԺ
峤ģЩ۵Ķһص𷣣λ峤˵Ķࡣ
Ǽڲ޹أҲùʡһޱ
λ峤඼ݺݵһɲǺͷ
¼峤΢΢һת˵ҳ¼ңԸ⳥峤ʯ
Ϊһӵܣ˾ңҪ⳥ʯ¼峤ͷҲѪʯǿɲС֡
˵̫ˣ¾ԻŭԾʯ̫٣òְ
仰¶һ˿Ц⡣
λ峤¼峤ƺҶ˷Ҳ׷ױʾԸ⳥ʯһĸ壬⳥ư˰ʯȷʵˡҪǣ⳥ʯֻĿǰľ˵ǳ
峤㿴أԿ򾰳Ұ
ԡ԰Ұɵˡ
֮ǰڻɣǼ᲻ˣû뵽⼸峤ԹǸǸԸÿ⳥ʯ
ǰ붼顣
Ȼ峤ͬ⣬Ҳû峤Ƕ콫⳥͹ɣҵ̫á԰ڰֵ
ǣλ峤ӦǣС뿪
żլԺ󣬼˶һȻʯһûˣܽ鷳Ҳüһŵģ
żҲҵӵ񣬶ɿ뾰ҰɣҲòֻ֡Ҫҷչ׳βûǸʱ;ȥʡ
ҹɫУڣԺ;ҰԶ
ԡҾңżҴĲҵãǲӦýҵİǨҰҲǾһ˼ǣ뷨
ڽżҲҵ֮ǰйԤ룬²⵽żҲҵһǳӴ󡣵ǣĿżҲҵ󣬲ŷԼԤ뻹̫ˡżҲҵӴ󣬳Щҵңмٸ߶ʱðԴҲ㹻ʹõġ
Ұ֪ЩҵǷֳ˲ֺʣµġҪȻֻ»ӳԾ
ҰĻü
峤
ٳҾҴӪԲܶٳǱʯɽźܴơʯɽǵʦߣ뵽ɽһ󱦿⡣һҡͷһ˵
˼ǣҵģҪڶٳǡǵĲҵ͵ǾһȡԴһ;ɣ㽫һЩҺ쾳磬ϣӵܣתҵת
峤㣬Ҫڶٳǣ׳ٳǷչ
ҪٳǣչΪһУܹǡ
ԵһþҰŴܿ͡ģͻָҲȼһ˷ܵĻ档
ܽٳǷչΪǵĳУƿУǿɾ˲ˡ
ԣˡҰصͷ
ţҲ˵ͷ
ʥҩҸҲƣصٳǺҸһ£ƳһЩʥҩӦʹáʥҩҪĲѬ»ɭϿҵɳһǰѰҡע⣬һҪܣܽϢй¶ȥѹ˵
ã֪ˡҰĿǼ֮ɫ
󣬹ۡ
תۣǹʱ䡣
ʱ䣬Դ඼ڵһѧԺŬΪҲһֱﵽ˵龳۷ļޣֻδ̤ʦ
Ҫʦȷʵ̫ˡҲѹ֣ڣʦ߶ù
ʵҪǿͻƾ磬һ֮ǰܳԽɾÿתһ񹦵ʱܾĻϣȱһЩʲôǲܲˣֱͻƽĻֻ»Ӱ쵽Ժ֮·


514 
Ϊṳ̂ʦڣҲûвԣԾҲûмȥʦ
Ϊһʱʹ죬ĻǾ͵òʧˣʦԶԶǾ׷ļ¡
ʱԳ֮⣬ʱ伸оϡ
ڵϣѾƳҩ˵ڣѾǿˡڵĵʦЭ᳤ģҲ弶ʦѣԶԶ羰ԡңƵ൤ҩǵʧģʦ޷ơ
ϣȻܲм󷨣Գ󷨵оѾǳ롣һ󷨣ԣκѶȡ
ǾפغͶٳǾլԺڣػ󷨡ңԲõ󷨻ǵһ󷨣󷨡й󷨣л
˵ǵľפأǶٳǾլԺǹһҪƿѡ
ţԪ½ϵĳʦƲԼõ󷨡мʦˮƽϵ͵һЩҲԽ⿪Բõ󷨡Ҫƽ⣬Ѷͬûмʮʦǿ֣ƿ󷨵ϣͲ
Ҿķչǿ̶ȣѾܹһЩڵĶˡ쾳ߣǱһЩ廹Ҫ΢һЩ
峤ҰҲɹһǰ̤˵龳˳ϾҲѾﵽ۷弫ޣھ׼龳
ƵĴҩвٶ˾ңþ۷ҲǼٵ
񾰼ҵķչͷʮʱ󣬾Ҿȫ濹ǳ֮κһ
ĶٳǣھҵĴ£ҲΪУҪȺƷǻҪǿ١ٳǻԻ͵¥ÿһȵᣬǣ˼߶ΪٳǻԻ͵¥ᣬڣҪ֮һ
龳ߣҲרǰٳǲμÿһȵĻԻ͵¥ᡣڻԻ͵¥ֵ൤ҩƽʱѹ򵽵ġ
һգϱĿ񣬱ͻȻ

ԣ
˼棬໥ּ
ԣ˸ղ˹ȥһˣѹɫ˵
ң΢Уȥһˣ
ܿ죬ԾھԽ뿤ͺԼһĻͲһ䣬ֱþԽ룬ͲҪͨ
ˡԶԶģЦŶԾ֡
ˣңҲ΢Ц
ԣһҪ˵ƾסԺУʾ⾰¡
һ˿ɻ󣬾ԿĿơ
ԣ˵᣿̾˵
᣿Ŀһ
ᣬ˵ǲ˽⡣ֻ֪ᣬԪ½ϣҪʢ֮һ
ľٰ췽ǵλ߿ʥǵĵңᣬ˵ʱžٰһΡ
ˣҵ˵ⵤᣬ˽⡣ҡҡͷ˵
Ȼĵͷ
ᣬžٰһΣ񲻹ʮ꣬˵ᣬѾǲˡ
ᣬǵٰģһΡÿһĵᣬ½ĵǿȥμӣЩͨߣҲǰڵϣֻҪ㹻ԴԶһõκҪĶƸԽܵᡣ
ڵ֮УһǳҪɲ֣Ǹµ㵤㵤ǿһݾ޴ʥǵʮֹע񵥡
Ҫ񵥣Ҫμһ䡣ֻ㵤ʦʸ㵤񡣶Ҫμ䣬һҪʦһ꣬һǳƼšƼһҲԶԶһꡣƻ˵š
ⷬԾʹƽԼԭƣӦԼμ䡣
Զ䣬ȷʵûʲôȤ
ϣڶĵʦĵáɶھ˵Ǭʦѧϰʲô顣
ˣҶ㵤ûʲôȤֱӾ˵
ȱ𼱣˵ꡣư˰֡
ϵԶЩǺ⡣
ܵǿнġǳķ񡣡˵ƵĿжųһ⡣


515 ȸ̻
˵㵤ĽƣĿжһƬȡ
ƵɫҲ΢΢һ
˵ʵһ䱦ھ˵ûʲôϻܵԴֱһ֣˵龳ߣǵʦߣҲ뾰ԱԴ
ԣҲ˵ֻ˵㵤ܵõõֶ
һ컯Ϣ΢΢һ
ʲô컯֣ȻҲ޷ˡ
컯һ߼ҩ书Чɸ龳۷ߣʦ
˵һö컯Ե龳۷ߵҪԣڵڶ
þ˵ǵ龳۷弫ޣҲԳͻƾǾܾȱһЩʲôȣһö컯Ļǻȹֱ̣ͻƵʦ
һĵҩȵ䱦Ծȷʵûʲô컯ǾԴҲҪݡ
ɫ䣬΢΢һЦ
ϣĵʦܵõ컯
컯õĽҪ˵ĵڶֽԴ˵Ȼ
Դ

Դ֣һվ
ôܣʶľһ
ʵǣԴ֣Ծɵ̫ˡԴΪʦȻҲ˽⡣
ͬʱҲޱȿõԴҲףҪõԴжѡԪ½ҲҲԴ
Դһط򽻻㣬γɵһȻ̺Ϊķ֮
ڵʦ˵ԴջΪʦʹԴͨԴƳĵҩкֱܴҩһƷ
ڵľԣѾżƳƷʵĵҩƷʵĵҩһƷĻܴﵽʲô̶ȣ˵е鵤
ˮˮ˵鵤Ѿﵽ׵ĳ̶ȡ鵤ҩлᵮԣǲڷı½һǿˮû鵤
˵ԴͬǼȵϡУ޼֮
ʵ޷һٰһ䣬лԴ
ʵ֮ϣҲûԴϣȴԴҵõϢȷеġ㵤ϵѾǳǿٵõԴĻ˵ûм˵ȥžԡ
㲻˵ˣⵤᣬȥμӾǡĿһ˵
˵ԴˣΪ컯Ҳȥһˡ컯򲻵ڵ֮УҲ򲻵컯
ãȻˣ֮ͳﵽ·;ңԶҪʮǵʡóʲô⵼¸ϲϡƵͷ
֮ƺ;뿪ǣǰ
ֱӷи·
龳ߣԶʱշУΪԽ񣬷ʱԽǵʦΪȻֻǵ龳Ԫ̶ȾǱʦǿ߶ʲô
и·Ҳѹ
ȸ̻ᣡ
ڵУҲкܶڣСС̻ᣬ֮ࡣ
ȸ̻ᣬĸ̻֮УȻһҲڵӡ
һգ˾ϴһ˿˷֮ɫҴҽ̻Ὠ㡣
˾û᳤𣿡һɫ۵ʦ˾ʵ
˾ʦǵʱǿǵУڵǿĵʦ˵˾ֻǱȽһĵʦ
˾õ󣬼ȸ̻ᡣڽȸ̻ڣ˾õҲһĵλϾʦ
ȸ̻ȻҲи߼ʦڣϾ̫٣ԶһЩмʦʦҲΪء
Ҫ᳤ˡ˾öǺ۵ʦ˹˵
Ŷ᳤Ҫһˡ۵ʦ˵
ãҿԵȡ˾õͷ
˵꣬վڷ֮ȴһȣһʱȥڣű򿪡
˾õʦҪңӷڣһ
ǣ˾Ӧ
˵ɣִ
ڵõ˾ò˽ȥϴŹɫΪҪˣǽȸ̻Ļ᳤һ߼ʦ絤ϣ˾˲༫
Уһɫ۵ߣЩݣ˫Ŀȴ
˾õʦк£˵߶˾ãȽϿ
᳤ˣ쵤伴ʼǽȸ̻ǲҲҪһЩʦ̻μ䣿˾ʵ
Ȼߵͷ
᳤Ӧ֪ǴǶ֪һţɴǽȸ̻μ䡣ϻΣǶǽȸ̻Ӧо޴ô˾˵


516 ŷ
˾˵ĵʦȻǾԡ
Ȼᣬڵϵ裬ĳЩ̶ϱȽϣ˾ö硣٣үҩ˾þƲ
ɫ˾ⷬ¶һԵЦݡ
Ȼûж˾õĻ̫ȤֻԪ½һȽСĿǡУҲû˵кǿĵʦ֪˾þǵʦЭĻ᳤Ҳǿĵʦ
˾ʦڵ֮УҲͲĿ
˾Ƽˣڵжߵ裿ԣ˾Ƽˣû̫ڴ
ɫߣȸ᳤ֽ̻а
ڶ˾ʵ˵ˣʲô֣
оԡ˾õ
ԣû˵֡ҡҡͷǼʦ
˵ԣǲǹ¡ⵤ֮䣬ʮǣԵôôʹ˵ҲǺܹע
ǰѾʦˡ˾һԵʱ򣬾ȷʵʦҲ֪⼸ʱ䣬ûڵȡͻơ
˾ÿԾԵĵ츳ʱ䣬ʦļʦӦòʲô¡
ʦüͷһ壬Щá
ʦȸ̻μ䣿ʲôЦڵУȻץһʦϵмʦ
᳤ˣԣǰʦӦѾмʦˡڵϵ츳ʮ겻Ѿʦˡǵ֮УҲҵôʦ˾ü仯Ͳµе뷨æ˵
˾õĽͣŻָɫͷǲʮʹﵽʦȷʵǵˡţȸ̻ὫҲֵĶ
˾õʦ˵ԣȷϻμ𣿡Ƭʡ
ǵģҵõϢԺƣѾ·ϡ˾ɫ˵
ãȻˣ⾰ԵִﵤңҼ˾˵

㿴Ǿǵ֮ϣƺ;ԣٶȡ
ָǰһɽ֮ϵӴУԾ˵
˵֮ǰԾѾע⵽һڲͬĳС
Ըƴǳһ·ϣʮǵ򣬼ĳСûκһУǽɽ֮ϵġԾһѹѹĳУһ󣬱˵ˡ
Ȼͬ졣̾˵
ȻԪ½ʢߣȥǲеģҪʵȥЦЦ
ʱѾ뿪ǵˡи·ʱ䣬Ŵ
ȥֻһ·ȥطϡڵڣɲҴһ󴳽֮УǺ롣ƶԣԱϾһкܶ黹˽⡣
ôǽһЩصĻǼ뽫ŪѶȡڵӶ̫á
˲ʵš
һ·ϣҲߣеʵǣеǴɽЩУһЩʦ
ʵһʱԿһ޴ʯšʯ֮ǰһɫеЩϢ񣬸ǵ龳ߣ֮ˣӦǵ龳۷徳ߡ
߹ȥ
λֹ
ɫӣסˡ
λеסɫ࿴ʵ
ǲǵ֮ˡƿڻӦ˵
Ҫ뵤ҪʮöƷʯŷѡûκα鲨
ʮöƷʯ
΢΢һû뵽뵤ҪŷѣŷѣߴʮöƷʯʮöƷʯ൱ͨʯ
ȻԾԵңȫںʯҪ֪һŷѣ͸ߴʯ֮ޡ
ⵤƿߣȡŷѣܸˡͷҲп
ǽȸ̻˾õʦѡ΢Ц˵
üһۣҡҡͷˣ͵õ˵˳ǲС
ǵһᡣƴžߵһߡ
˾õʦӦһͻǣǵȻǡƶԾ˵
ţżԵͷˣѵʶˣͲҪŷ𣿡


517 
δش𣬾ͼһӰٴӾ޴ʯ߳
ˣԣ
ˣǵʦЭ᳤˾á
˼棬΢ѡ
ȥȸ̻ᡣ˾ö˵
ɫӣ鿴˾õľס˵˾õʦλȻѣǲǵҪ뵤ڣÿ˻ҪöƷʯ
ЦЦһóʮöƷʯ
ʶƣŷѾÿöƷʯǲʶˣŷѾÿʮöƷʯ
ƽŷѣҲû˵ʲôƵĹϵ˭ŷѣһˣҲں⼸öƷʯ
˾ô˽ʯţɽϵӴУ¶Ŀ
Ҳ棬ɽϽһУЩš
뵤Ὺʼʱ䡣
ԣҪμ䣬ѾƼȸ̻Ļ᳤ԣȸ̻μ䣬ܵõȸ̻һĳ͡˾˵֮ǰʱ䣬Ϳˣסڽȸ̻֮ڡ
л˾õʦԹֵл
·ϣƾѾ˵¡
ƼѡԼμ䣬ҲԴĳһμӡǴһμӣĵʦȻҪһıꡣ
Ͼμ䣬ȡòΣҲܴ
֮˾һûʵĽ֮ǰ˾ý˴˽ȥһڵȴ˾ñȥ᳤
ʱȥ˾òŷء
ԣˡܱǸ᳤æԿҪһЩʱ䡣˾ôǸ˵
޷ġ԰˵
ǽȸ̻ᣬڵ̻ᣬ᳤Ԫ½ϵĴǵһҲʲôҲЦЦ˵
ȸ̻Ļ᳤ǰҲһ
һʱܿȥ
ʱȥ
ʱȥˣ
ԺƣҲЩͷȸ᳤̻δҲ̫ˣȸ̻ᣬ׼Ҫǽȸ̻μġ᳤žԣίʵЩ˵ȥ
˾õǸҲԽԽʢҲûʲô취ڽȸ̻ڣҲû̫ߵĵλӲһ᳤˼
˵죬һ˹˵᳤Ѿʱˣþȥ档
һķڣԡƺ˾ã˽
һͿˡһɫ۵ߣڶϣҲֱˡ
˽ڵˣû˼ûСֻĿ⣬ھɨһۡ
᳤ˣ˾öɫߣ
ԺƣҲŹ˹֡
˾õʦˣǾ𣿡ɫ۵߰žһ䡣
ǵģλǾԣλơ˾ýܾԺơ
ţͷ
᳤ҿоԵĵʦƺҲûʲô֮ͬĵʦڵУһץһѣҪǽȸ̻μ䣿ˣɨ˾һۺü԰˵
˵ⷬüͷҲ΢΢һ塣
УһЩˣżȸ̻Ļ᳤ڼ棬ȴԵĻþЩջˡ
ƣͬܲ졣ôҲһǵĿǹٷˣҪ֪½ҲͲžʮŸǡˣû֪ݺ󣬾Ȼû
˵ĻЦЦҡҡͷ
ǲһģУȻҲвٶʮʦɱϾЩʦǴС͵õĵѬգڵϽȻ˳һЩǸطˣԲʮͣΪʦ˵ڵϵ츳ȷʵǿ˵
ⷬǿ佱ԡԵˣó᳤Щ
ƵɫҲ΢΢Щڣǰֳıģܸ˲Ź֡
˾ãҲЩΣҲĵʦȻȽϰˡȸ̻ᣬҲʱˡҲһΣܵʦİۣЩˣͿСĵʦ
ԣ˾õʦӦ˵ˣҪμӱ쵤ϵ䣬Դҽȸ̻ҽȸ̻ᣬҲԸ֧ʮʯĳ͡оǣܵõȸ̻ʸ񡣡Ծ˵


518 ź̻
ȻʹԼμ䡣ֲһ䡣
ʮʯ
ʹԼĲ
ԼֱΪԼˣʮʯǴ򷢽лأʮʯ൱ڶʮöƷʯҪʶˣǾԺƽ뵤ŷѣҪɶʮöƷʯ
ȸ̻Ļ᳤Ȼ˼˵ʮʯꡣֱһֶԾԵ裡
ڰ˵ĿԼȸ̻ᣬҲЦˣȸ̻˲ҪԼżȸ̻᣿
˵ʵȸ̻ᣬҪǿ˾õϡǣ˾ҲΰԣԾܾǷ˾һЩ顣
ڽȸ̻꣬Ҳǻ⣬ͲȱԴ
ȸ̻Ļ᳤ܿһЩ̬ȺһЩǼ㲻Ա꣬Ҳǲܴȸ̻μ䡣
أ
ȸ̻̬ȣ
ʱ򣬾ԵȻҲȸ̻Ͳӡ
Կ˿˾ã˾õɫҲѿңҲˣ˾ڽȸ̻ᣬλҲǺܸߡҪȻ˾Ƽѡȸ᳤̻̬ȡ
˽֮󣬽ȸ̻Ļ᳤Ҳû˾¡
߰ɣĿתƵϡ
ãתȥˡ
˾õʦǸҪˣԶ˾ù˹˵
Ȼȸ̻ᣬȫûԼϣԼαϸȥƨɣȸ̻̬ȣ˾ҲԾܾȸ̻μľ
˾а̾һ
Ժƣת߳䡣
СӺôļӰ
ĺܣӣЦһ
᳤ĿҲһ˿ԺתߣҲǳĲá
᳤ȥǡ˾˵һ䣬Ҳ߳䡣
ȸ̻֮⡣
ԣˡǶԲҲ᳤֪Ȼ˾Ǹ˵
޷ģ԰ڰ֣ŭȴ˾áҲ֪˾ӦǺ⡣
˾õʦȸֵ̻ԣҾ㻹뿪ĺáһֻһ۽ȸ̻ӴĽЦ˵
šʵ᳤һҲ᳤֪ô¡˾ҡҡͷ̾Ϣһ
˾õʦʱͱƶ˾ù˹֡
ԣ߰ɣԾԵ
ˣҲ˾õ
ˣڽȸ̻֮ǰ˿
ԣҴȥź̻ᣡڵĽֵϣƶԾ˵
ź̻᣿̧̧ü
ԣƵͷڵ̻ᡣȸ̻ᣬź̻ᣬһС
ź̻Ļ᳤ʶǰʶˡЦЦ˵ҵĴ㣬ź̻μģ˾ôŸң˵ϣܴȸ̻ᣬһȸ̻Ҫź̻ǿҲûԡ
Ǻǣ뵽ȸ̻Ļ᳤Ȼ֪ͲˡƲƲ
ԣź̻Ȼ̻Сź̻Ļ᳤Բô񡣡žԡ
ʵ̻μ䣬˵ҪԲ˵
㲻κ̻μ䣬ƼҲвμӣҾһЩԷѰˡԣҲ̫ںԷѣǰʯڵľ˵Ҳʮֶġ
Ǻãȥź̻ᣡЦ
ʱ˵ִź̻֮ǰ
ź̻ὨȷʵҪȽȸ̻һЩӱϿಢԡ
˽ź̻ᣬһڵƬ̣һӰ첽˽
þòӰ뷿󣬾ͷЦȻƴк
ĿڴϣһɫȹŮӡŮӵòԣ΢΢һ
ȹŮӣòȰѩضáͣӦñȰѩܶࡣӱ濴ǿܸоó֮ǰҲ˵ź᳤̻ܾ֮ǰʶ
᳤ðھԴŮӵʱƿԷһк
᳤
΢΢һû뵽ȹŮӣȻź̻Ļ᳤ź̻Ȼֻǵ̻С̻ᣬڵ㣬ź̻ԲСȹŮź̻Ļ᳤Ϳɼһߡ
Ļ᳤˼䡣
᳤λǾԣĵʦƽԽܸʶ
ԵʦáϾ뾰Դкϴ΢Цǳ顣


519 ʦ
㲢֪ƴԹҪμӵġ
Ʊǰ֪ͨ㣬Ϊ˾õĲ֣ȡ˼ƻԣ᳤Ŀǰ֪ҪþԸź̻ԡ
Ȼ֪ʲôݣҿᣬȫûСԡԾԺ飬Դʱͺ泩
᳤áҲЦŻӦ
᳤ڵ츳ǿǳҺ;Թ㣬ź̻ҪҪμĴˡֱʵ
һܿóϵȷʵܺã򲻻ôֱӡ
Ϊź̻ԣȻЩû뵽
ǵȻǺܺõġ㷴Ӧܿ죬΢¶ȺϾ¶Цݡ
˿ԡ
Ӿϣ濴ʲôĵط˽ƣƼԣڵϵʵض
ھԿᣬͺ˵ˡԪ½һٶٶߣҲвٿҲͶʮӡ
ҾԺܳȵӣãԿҲʮ֮ϵ͡ڳһǲܣΪ֮һҪʦͲһꡣ
᳤ѹѣ꣬ɲٰư뿪Ц˵
ȻæȻ΢΢üź̻μֻ⼸ѾȷˣǱĻҪٿ»С
㲻ҪģһǾԡưڰֵ
Ǿͺðˣ˫üȫչ
ĻʯΣԵʦòףǻ顣㿴ԡ
֪ΣͳƵӣʯҲֵáʯ᳤꣬ԼܾҪ̻ͨ»
ʯı꣬ȻΪ⣬ȴҲûκβ
ղڽȸ̻ᣬ˼ҲŸʮʯıꡣź̻ᣬֱӾǽȸ̻ıʮ
᳤
Կкܴϣ㵤ġԻû˵ƾͿˡ
Ҳڵ˺̶ֳȡ֪һ㣬һЩʦ޷Ƶĵҩ
㵤񣿡Ŀһ
㵤񣬲Ǻϵġÿһ䣬ֻʮʦܵ㵤񡣶μĵʦ򳬹ǧ֮ࡣ
Ҫ֪ЩμĵʦɲҳģǶڵһɾ͵ˡ
һƼѡȻֻǱȽСĿǣЩĿǣǶһЩԼҲвٲμź̻ᣬ
Եʦðһ䣬ˣ΢Цžʡ
ʮ꣡Ҳ΢ЦӦ
شϵ΢Цʱס
䣬ԲĵʦͣȻֻûƣɲμĵʦ˵ʮģʮ֮µĶȽѼ
ԣֻжʮꣿ
һʱ䣬ƷǳΣҲ˵ˡ
ʮĵʦ㵤
Ҫ˵ģǾƢãҲķһ۸Է
᳤ҵͣ㲻ҪʡȻͲȴҲҩԿɫͲµ뷨˵һ䡣
ʲôʶľһ
ʦ
ʮʦ
ʲôЦ
֮УʦǺܶ࣬ź̻ڲвʦ󲿷ֵʦҲһġһ֮µ弶ʦ̫ࡣʦˮƽԪ½ϣǾԶ̳
Ըǵˣֻĵʦ
ҲȻĿ˿ԡ
Եʱ򣬲ŽʦʱȥԾʹʦʦ
Ҳһ
֪ڵ츳ϷǳˣҲô̬ɣΪӦѾļʦˣȴû뵽
ңԲǵʦһʦ
᳤ź̻ᣬǼһˡƳԾָЦ˵
֪˵ԼҩǱضġԣԲſڿϲ˵󻰵ˡ
ңϣҲսʦߡżҵʦڵ죬ھСԴ漣Ѿһˡ
ȷʵǡ˷ǳ⣡Цһ
ʦΪź̻ԵĻǶź̻˵ߴˡΪЩ֮Ըμʦ̫ˣź̻ķѾʻȥ룬Ҳ붯


520 »
ЦݣЩȻ
ֻжʮ꣬һʮʦȷʵ˺һӾͽܡ
Ȼƣ֮ǰʶԣһʱЩɣҲǺȻ顣
Կı飬ȻҲ֪˼˵ĶѾ˵ˣ㲻ԸԼǾҲȥ֤ʲô
ź̻Ļ᳤ɫɫˣҲ֪١۲쾰ԣǰˣǵȻȵЩ֡ȻòȷʵǶʮˣԲ˵Լͣ㻹治󣬾ֻжʮꡣ
Եʦź̻ᣬԸ֧ǧĳΪ̻ԡ¶ġ
ΣƻƭԼ㲻žԣҲơ
ǧʯȷʵܲˡһʦߣҲһǧʯ񵱳նɱİҹЯƷֵܼҲǧʯȻܻԴûдϣҪ֪ǰҹƣʦ߶ɱһЩ
ƣҲࡣ
ͷЦ˵㿴أ
Ҿÿԡ΢Ц˵
ʯΪź̻ԣǧʯȻáԴƣû˻Լʯ̫ˡ
ȻԵʦû⣬ٿ»˵¡ϲõ˵
ƺ;ԸǺȥ׼ٿ»ᡣԺˣĵȴ
ǧʯֻź̻Բ֣һӶ˶ʯҲ᳤һܾģҪ¶֪
̻£̻зݶˡ
񵤹̻ᣬ϶ȫһ˵ģкܶ²С̻Ļ᳤ݶһ㶼࣬Ҳһ̻תִˡ
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ԺƣҲ᳤˹ȥ
ź̻һ޴Ĵ֮УԺƹıȽ磬ڱϯλ᳤ġ
һ³ԱҲ˽
᳤ոողٿһ»ᣬôٿһӣɻѯʡ
»ᣬһҪ飬λ顣᳤΢Ц˵
λǣ˿Ժơ
Щ½󣬵һ۾Ͷˡ󲿷ˣûгѯʣ֪ܣһˣȴ˳
ȫ룬վ˵λƿλԵʦ
ƿ
طʮǰȥһΡ

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Ҳˣ뾰Ժһ䣬ԣЩ¶ûнԷϡ
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ǰи˾õĵʦǵ˵ȴδ˵ʲôԵʦأҲ̫ǿĵʦ
Եʦи˾õĵʦǰƺʦЭĻ᳤ڼ˽ȸ̻ᡣһƤӣ˵
λϢͨЦЦ˵
ó˵ЩζҲüƽô᳤࣬ܿ
ǺǡԵʦ˾õʦ𣿡˼̬Ⱥ⣬Щ죬һ䡣
ҲǺ죬˾õʦ򽻵ҲǺܶ࣬ϵĿо΢΢һ˵
£ʱƤ뾰ԶԻ㽫עתĿ⿴ˡ
Եʦڵϵܲʦ˾ùϵôԵʦûȤź̻أֻҪڵԣǼź̻û⡣ź̻ᣬӭ˼룬ҴҲ̻˴˵
ⷬɾмҾԵ˼ˡڳˣĳ
ü̧üֿ˴һۡˣͲʶһ˼ңҲþһЩŭ
᳤ǹҪ֪ͨǣλԵʦҪź̻İɣʵС£ȫûҪʦڣֻҪԵʦ㹻ЩµȻӭĺܡûȾ˵תͷ˵
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óʱҲ죬Ƭ̣ɫָֻ
â£ˡ¸ЦݣԺҡҡͷԵʦҪź̻ᣬμӱġھԵʦԸź̻ᣬȻãֻ⻹ҪԵʦǲԸ⡣


521 һ
ⷬڳڶ¶΢΢һ㶡
ǻû뵽רٿ»ᣬҪþΪź̻¡
ԵʦԸⲻԸź̻أĿתžԡ
ʦʮʦô㻨ޱȰĴֻۣҪڵԣԸ⡣
ʮʦ߼ʦĿԺܴ˵߼ʦǾͷҪǼʮ߰ܳΪ˼ʦź̻ڵԲ̻ᡣ
ڵУʦܶ࣬ǳʦĸ߼ʦȴ١ĵʦκһ֮ڣŷǳߵĵλǵһ̻У߼ʦҲ
᳤ܱǸʱûпǡüҡͷ˵
θҪĿľǲμģ뵤̻ᣬû
ԵĻâ£ɫ΢΢һ䡣ˣһۡ
ź̻ڵ̻УȻǵ׵ģʵԼӰҲǲСġоԵļһȻֱӾܾź̻᣿
᳤λԵʦҪΪź̻ԣǶ٣âתĿʵ
λҪ˵⡣Ҵ㣬֧Եʦǧʯĳ͡˵
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᳤㲻ڿЦɣΪź̻ԵʦıҲǧʯһ㣬Ҫһǧʯâ¼
һ̻μĵʦȻֻһھ֮ǰ̻ѾҵĵʦΪ̻ԡ
˴ԱŸոչǧʯ֮У弶ʦˣȻδﵽ弶ʦļʦ֮УҲٮٮߣǰ;Զ
λȲҪżԵʦһʦȻ뵽Щ˵ķӦĽ˵
ţ
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âĿžԣҲǾɲʦղŵ̬ȣɾͺˡѰ˼ţǲҪʾһǸ⡣
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Ǻǡ
ԲŶʮ꣬ǲ֪Ե֣ҲԺ󣬾Եһᱻ½ĵʦ֪Ʋ죬Ȼ˵
ղһֱû˵â¼ҾԺҲջĺܡڣ˵Ե֣Ϊ˼Щź̻֪ԵǱǵ
ǣҪۿ˵ͣ
ƻ£УΪ֮һ
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ƿ㲻Ҫ˵ֱӰҪ˵ֶܳʮʦһ治ţâǴŲм۾˵
â£ƿѣɫһ䡣
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ƿԵʦǱ֡â£Ҳһλʦ߼ʦƢЩáֶԾˣǸ˵
С
᳤ֲâˣáԭһλ߼ʦ
ź̻Уâ£µλҲǼˡȻ֪ź̻мλ߼ʦɾԲ࣬²ᳬˡ
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ϣһһĵõġһƭңǻ治ףâָ˵
âʦһΣȻ߼ʦ߼ҩֻʦ޷߼ҩǱԵĻ߼ҩҪųĿâ
еĻҲð˳
ǿ᳤ϣԻ治׬ǧʯıˡâȻ˿ɶǲϣѵѵ
ƷʵĵҩƳ治âֻҪ˫ԵĵҩǸ߼ҩ


522 ɵ߿
âû뵽ԾȻսһʱ䣬Щ
ò˵âλ߼ʦУкܴġԴΪ߼ʦ֮󣬶˶ͽάź̻ˣ˶Ҳǳ𾴡ʱһʮᵤʦȻҪս
âü
ǴЦЩм
СӣâɲսսġҵǿԸһᡣһӽ񷽣弶ʦһâĿӾת
ڰڼӡ
âͲžʦݣȻҲʲô˾սġʲôݣʲôݣ뾰ԱǾʤԣҲûκֵҫġ
˫̫ˡֱӾܾĻЩ˵лҲ᳤²̨Ǿĵ񷽳棬úýѵ֪ߵغСӡ񷽣ڵϵ츳Ҳǳ˵ãʮͣѾ弶ʦ
½ϣڵϵ츳ҲǿȦɵġ񷽶Ըԣûκ⡣
񷽣ҲǴ˴δź̻μĵʦ֮һ񷽵˵Ĳʸ񣬶ռź̻ڲ
弶ʦЦЦ
û弶ʦܻҵ񷽣âͬ㣬ǸâȵҲɴࡣ
ãû⡣Եǲںʲôˡ
ڵλ£ҲĿ¶⣬ûٶ˵ʲôȾԺ񷽽ˡ񷽣ǻ᳤㣬Ҳ˼ķǧʯþԴź̻¡֣Ҳȫɷԡ
ԵʦҪ񷽵ʦ𣿡㿴ԡ
ǵģ᳤Եͷ
ü𣬲ûзԡʵҲЩ档һ£ͬҲȷԵǲʦȻԼԸ⣬ȻûҪֹ
ܿģһɫ۵ӣ㱻˹
᳤λ£ӣ˼
񷽵ʦ񡣡΢Ц˵
񷽣һҪâ飬ŵ˵һ顣
â˵ͬʱ񷽾ͽԡ
ʮꣿ
ʦ
΢΢ҡͷҲţʦڵôʱ䣬δʮʦԪ½ϣ֪ûжʮʦڵ֮Уƺûĵʦ
Եʦƺֵҩžԣѯʵ
弶ʦ϶޷Ƴҩ˵˵ıԣҩôȻˡ
ѯʺڳˣԣž˵ƺֵҩ
񷽵ʦ弶ʦô񷽵ʦˡ΢е
ŶĿ
âˣҲ΢Щ⡣
ǾӢΣ񷽶˶˵
Ӣһ弶ҩǱȽϳ弶ҩһ˵弶ʦ϶ӢֵҩǱȽϻĵҩҲ򵥡һļʦʼ׼似ʦʱձľӢ֣ƳɹҲʹʦɹ弶ʦ
ԣû⡣Եͷ˵
ͬ⣬ֱһӣǰʱһ޴ĺɫ¯
ΪʦȻЯ¯񷽸ոľǽԼָֽڵĵ¯˳
Щ
ȻҲе¯Ǭ¯Ȼ˵ˣӦҲû˻ʶǬ¯Իһ˲Ǭ¯Էͬһ㣬һʲôϳǺͺƿˡ
ԣĵ¯أâԳٳٲߴٵ
ˣҲžԡ᳤Ŀھϡ
һ˵ǵͼʦԼõĵ¯˵ﵽ弶ʦʦ̶ֳȡ¯ڵʦ˵ͺñ˵ϰˣͲϲԵ𽣣ʱ䣬ֱż峤ŪŻ
᳤ܲ͹һ¯˼һ󣬻ǾóǬ¯ֻһ弶ʦʲô¯Լ⡣
ûʲôףڳˣһɴ۾
ԣȻ᳤һ¯ѵԼûе¯
˵Լʦȴһ¯ûУҲ̫Ц˰ɣ
ԣڷǻüֻҪԼ˵ˣź̻Ҳ̫׷㡣ԼƭӺ󣬿뿪ź̻ᣬұ֤㡣âüԾ˵
ˣԵĿУҲ͸¶һЩ䡣
᳤鷳һ¯ûâǼ㡣
ȻˣһԹ󣬿ɱҷâ⻰˵ġ
ԵʦԵȣɫҲ
һʦûԼĵ¯˵ȥ˭ţ
Ըȥһ¯
ڵȴʱҲ˿ƣʼЩˡƣȷʵȽΣڵı֣˲һʦ
ƣûκνǵı¶ǾžԵġ˵Ǻ񷽱ԣǺâ߼ʦԣֻҪƵĲ߼ҩƶΪܻâ
̻ˣܿһ¯ⵤ¯ƷҲϳĵ¯߼öࡣ뵤¯һͬģвӢҪĲϣڷ롣
ԵʦԿʼ𣿡žʵ
ԣԵͷ
仰񷽱㿪ʼ߶Ԫ뵤¯һֲϷ뵤¯֮ڡ
ԣƵģĿ⿴񷽵Ķ
񷽣ϣȷʵܲʵӡ
Сӣֳģ¾еģ˷ʱ䣬㿪ʼɡâߴ˵ԿֻΪǴģ񷽵Ķ
ģ¾ܳɹģ˵弶ҩˣһҩЩͼҩģ¾ܳɹġ
ЦЦҲ
һݣԷ뵽ǰĵ¯ԵĶ⣬ͺѲϷ뵤¯֮Уûһ㵤ʦƵҩʱءҪ֪âĵʦ弶ҩҲ˵ܰٷְٳɹ

̣ϰɣôģ
ƭӰ˽
ЩܵͣԾԵĶҲú
âϵ΢ЦԽԽʢ
ʱҴҶԶֹͣ
һ񷽣ڼ֮С֮弶ʦӢԲκδ⣬ܽСơƺһ¯ҩ󣬿»Ҫһʱʱ䡣
һʱʱ񷽺һ
ʱſԡ
ţ񷽷־ûκεĶѵƽˣ
ӢٶȱԼ죿
񷽣ȡɣâ˵
ǣʦӦҲԥ¯򿪡
źɫҩӵ¯ڱȡɢ˵һ¯ӢƳɹˡ
һġ
ϲ񷽵ʦˣ
񷽵ʦȻź̻ڣɫĵʦ֮һһ¯ӢɵĿţ˲𣡡
񷽵ʦڰ֮ڣܳΪʦ

һڴڴ
񷽣ҿƵӢâڣΪ⣬ӣ񷽱ֺãʦȻй⡣
һŴﵽȣΪȣܺãڿ񷽵ĵҩâĵͷ
ԣƽˣâЩȲĽſʵ
ˡԵͷ
ȻˣǾ㿪¯ɣâǸһĨЦ
ֱۣ߶һԪ¯򿪡Ԫ϶¯ڵĵҩɳ
һߡ
⡭
߿ŵҩ
ֻԵϷ߿źɫĵҩƯţһɵڵҩ
˵Ƭ̣Ȼ֣߿ŵҩȻûɢҲ˵Ƴ߿ŵҩ
ôܣâӶҪɳˡ
񷽣ҲסĲšɵĿţѾЩˮƽˣһӢǳɵŵţʱɵһţʧܵҲǿܵġԣȴƳ߿Ӣôܣ
âȻ͵ˣûȾ˵һ̤˾ߡ
ҿⵤҩâ֡
ɨâһֱۣӽеҩ͹ȥ
âӹҩϸı
£᳤㣬ȶâ
ôܣһƷʵӢôܣⲻܣâΪ߼ʦӢƷʣȻκ⡣
ھȡ߿ӢʱȻ𾪣лţܲӢǲдƷԱ󣬺Ȼ֣߿ӢȻﵽһȵƷʡ
ƳĿӢҲһŴﵽȣȡ
ƵӢһ¯ɵ߿ţҾԶһƷʣ
âĻÿϣǲš
ʵǲ֪⻹ǾԱȽƵģҪǾͶٷְٵľȥһ¯Ӣһ¯ҩܻܿƷʵġ


523 Ǹ
âɫѿ
žƵ߿Ӣȴ緭뵽Լ֮ǰ̬ȣֻԼϻġ
ʵâˣֻƢһЩƽʱҲȽϸ߰һЩһˡԾ̬ȣҪΪһʼΪǸƭӡƭӣƭ̻ǧʯƭӣ϶кõ̬ȡ
˭뵽жʮʦʦڵϵҲǳĿֲȻһ¯Ƴ߿һȵӢâϣԼҲһ¯Ƴ߿һȵӢѹ֣Ըղս
˼ţ
ԵʦղҴˣǸԭҵ񣡡â˸߰ͷ­ԵǸ
̬ȷʵܶӣû֤ݵ£ͻɾ裬ڵǸҲӦġ
ڼʶԵâȻ֪뾰Ϊź̻ԣ˵Ч˿µμ䣬㵤ĿԾͺܴˡһԵ㵤Ƕź̻˵Ч¾޷Ԥˡ
һ̻˵ʲôҪ
Զ׼Ǿ˼Ҳ㣬Ը㽻ס㽻׵˶ˣ͸һԵѭ
ź̻Ḷǧʯ뾰ĵʦԣǷǳġ
Եʦղŷ飬Ҹ˵Ĵź̻ûйϵ㣬һҪΪҵһЩۣܾΪź̻ԡûȾ˵âֽ˵Ҳ£Ի᲻ԭӶΪź̻ԡ
ԾԵ֮ź̻ǰĸ̻ᣬһҲҾΪԼ̻ԡ
â̬ȺܳϿңܸоһ㣬ԣеŭҲһɢࡣ
â˵âˣܴ̻ᣬϾâź̻Ļ᳤᳤һʼͶԾԺܿϣҲܷȥ˵ƺϵǳá
˰ɣһЩ죬ȥҲ͹ȥˡ԰ڰ˵ҲСǼˡ
˵âɳһ£Ҳһǻǵĵ˾ԣԲź̻ԡ
㿴˿ԣĿתûֹ뾰ԱԣҲ뿴Եû뵽ǣϵ
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ȻûУ뵽ԵʦΪ̻ԣ̻ң
ԣԵʦԺ̻ĿˡԵʦԸ̻ᣬǾ͸ˡ
ǣ˷ܵڴں
ǺãҾ뾰ԵʦǩЭ飡Եʦ𣿡ϣ˵΢Ц
û⡣Եͷ˵
˫ǩЭ飬̾õǧʯֻ𿨡
ź̻ǩЭ飬֮ǰ˵ģ΢Щ仯֮ǰ˵õǣΪź̻ԣź̻֧ǧʯꡣЭȴ׷һܵϱ㵤Ļôź̻ᣬ֧ǧʯꡣ
ǧʯ
֪ź̻ԼʾáǧʯǺܶ࣬ھԵ㵤ܸź̻ǧʯͲܶˡ
Ҫ֪㵤񣬿ɲ׵顣ÿһϣμӵĵʦһǧˡһǧ൤ʦԪ½ϰ֮ĵʦвһЩҵӵܣڵϵˮƽǷǳ˵ġ
Эǩ󣬾Ժź̻ס¡Ὺʼµʱ䣬ʱ䣬Զź̻ס
̻ڣһ֮С
ʦ㷲һֹӣͷҲҿʦâɫ
âһۡ
ĵӣ񷽻Ǻ˽ġڵ츳ܲʮʹﵽ弶ʦĳɾͣȻ뾰ȣڵ֮УʣѾǺǿˡ
âҲһֱϲӣڵϣָϸ¡
񷽵̬ҲȻ֪˵ʲôЩ˵
ֻҪԵʦԸָ㣬ûģʦңֲ̡ȻҲϣȴϣԵʦԵ⣬ܱҶǿܶࡣԸָ㣬㽫âֱӿ˵
³񷽾ȥҾ̣Լԡ˵ʵ̾һЩ⡣
ʦͬ⣬񷽶ʱǺ
ڸտʼʱҲЩûԣΪܱǿɱԵĽȴȻԺףڵϵĳɾͣȲϵġ


524 ڻ
ھԵƳ߿һӢ񷽾뷨ֻǣϾâĵӣʦⲻϵԼϵʦâԣ±â
ûеʱԣǵ»âʱѯʦâ
ʦâͬ⣬Ȼޱȵĸˡ
ллʦллʦ
ȥɣâӻ֡
뿪âŰ̾һЩɥ
Ծסķ䡣
񷽵ʦҪ㣡ź̻Ļ뷿󣬶ԾԹ˵
񷽣üͷ΢΢һ
ͷһתʹŲµҪԼԭˡ
ЦЦ
ǰʶ񷽣˫ûʲôϵ飬Լûκȥ
Ȼûâʦͽ˼ƽϵ뷨ҪȫеĽ٣ҲܡղڴУâ̬ȷʵ̫һЩ
ת񷽵ʦûաԶ˶ٱڰ˵
Ӧȥ
񷽵ʦæûʱ㡣ίĶ˵
ûʱ𣿡ɫ΢΢һס
ûϵҾţȾԵʦпյʱ򣬻ҡɫȻ˵
ҡҡͷҲûڶ˵ʲô
պ
ԡ
ԣסŻϰ߰ɣЦʾԡ
ţͦõģûʲôϰߡԵͷ
ǾͺãǺǣ⼸ᵽˣ㲻ϰסź̻ᣬǷǳĲ۾
᳤ϸˣˣܺãҪΪҹġЦЦ
ǾͺãƺȻü˾ԣ㷿Ǹ񷽵ĵʦô£⼸죬һֱվ棬㣿
Щɻ
Ŷ΢΢һ㶡
𣬼֮ǰȷʵ˵ܾˡʲô񷽣һֱվţ
㲻֪ƼԱ飬ʱɴ۾
ǰ˵ҪңҾܾˡҵû뵽һֱȡʧЦ˵
һֱû߳ţҪͻȻ治֪һֱűټ
Ȼ㲻ͽˣվ滹ۣ˵һ䡣
ȻâʦͽҲûκκøС
ˣ񷽻ǱȽˣȻԸվȼ죬ҾͼʲôסƵĶ˵
ԼŰ죬ˡҡҡͷ
ڵõԼԵϢ񷽶ʱһ𣬿첽뾰Եķ䡣
Եʦ񷽽뷿䣬ľϹǫĺܡ
񷽵ʦ԰ڰ֣ʵ֪񷽵ʦңʲô飿
Եʦ͵ϵһЩ⣬̡֪ҵʧϣԵʦԭҵʧ񡣡Ȼ壬̧ͷ
ʵ񷽶Դˣûб̫ϣ
þԽֲǾԵʲôˣʲôڵָ
˵ֻǼİˣʦͽܣδؿڵָ̫ࡣԣףԸָĿԺֲܵͣԸᣬһϣҪԡĻᣬ
ԣʲôʰɣÿû뵽ǣֱӾʹӦˡ
̧ͷŵžԣһʱûзӦ
ʵϣھͬʱ򣬾Ѿ˾ԲָͬǾͲֱˡ
񷽵ʦôˣԼһãȻı飬ЦЦ
ȡŻعæžİ˰ݡ
ڵϣ뾰ԶߣͲһΡѵ㣬ھԿСơʲô˲ش
ҵԼЩ𰸵ͬʱеҲԽԽǿҡԵʦڵϵʦâҪǿöࡣ

ȸ̻ᣡ
᳤סķڣ̻һλ˵
Ϊ̻Եĵʦȷ𣿡ѯʡ
ǵģһоλʦΪǽȸ̻ԡͺܴ£ͷӦ
ţܺã뵽ٽܵʦΪ̻ԣϲ°΢Ц˵
ûȻٽܵʦۺܴ󣬿ɷǳֵáٽܵʦǷǽȸ̻飬ζǽȸ̻ԡ˵̻ᣬҲٽܵʦء˵
ţͷ
ˣϴǸоԵĵʦôˣͻȻ뵽˾ýܹľԡ
ʱԺ˷ȥ̬ðܲʹ죬һֱڻ


525 
ڰԾǲʶô
ͬþԴȸ̻μˣ֧ʮʯ͡Ȼ˵ʮʯȷʵ࣬ʱҲ˵ˣþԼȸ̻죬ɲʲôʦܵõĻᡣ
ǾԣȻһ㶼ϧѵõĻᣡ
ԣһڵġ
˵һЩϢ˵ȥź̻ᣬӦҪΪź̻԰ɣµ˵
ź̻ҲʵҲˡǺǣ֪ź̻СӶٳ͡˵һ䣬ˣú׼ɣžٰһ죬ܲϴǽȸ̻Ӱ켫󡣡
ţǽȸ̻Ŀǰ̻еĵٽܵʦܵ㵤Ļǽȸ̻ᣬܿܽ˻ᳬڶĶ̻ᡣڴ

ʱ䣬Ҵšٰӣڵ
ԡƣź᳤̻ˣ̻ǰ֮ǡ
֮ڵģĳУ˵ΪһۡլԺʡ
ⵤ֮ʥʥ׷ġ֮ǵĳһڵϳɾͼߵĵҲԪ½Ϊļżʦ֮һ
֮ǵĳڴ½ϵ˵ǽʥʥ˵ʥ֮ǵĳҲҪ֣ǳ
ʵϣԪ½ϣȻһżʦڻǰģҲֻе֮ǳһλλżʦмû¶ˣҲ֪ڲѴˡ
֮ǳֽкסĵ࣬в٣Ǹ߼ʦ
ڵ֮ŵĸ߼ʦҲԪ½ϸ߼ʦġЩңԶԶ޷뵤֮ȡ
һ·ǰУԵˣ˳뵤֮ǡ
һ·ϣв˶Ķ˵᳤кź᳤̻ʶȻࡣ
գԵ֮һޱӴĹ㳡֮ϡ
㳡ҲȽ⣬Ͽݵ״
ʱԵˣվĹ㳡ϡܺѹѹȺ಻ߣҲʮ֮ࡣ
ЩȻ϶μӵģֻٲ֣μӵǰ䡣ݾյϢμĵʦӦֻһǧһЩ
ʦμӣûлμӡĲǹ̶ġͺñֻһμǾʹõ
ⲻ᳤𣿡ȴУһӾԵ˺󷽴
˵ˣȻǽȸ̻Ļ᳤ڰߣʮȸ̻ˡź̻һȸ̻£Ҳˡ̻£ȻһЩ׼μᵤʦ
Ҳ˾ԣĿһɨЦЦ
᳤Ҳ˰ŰЦЦ˵
ǰһʢᣬôܴأƤЦⲻЦ˵᳤Ҹһ£λٽܵʦţӦҲ֪ġ
ߵһʦܡ
ĿҲٽܵĵʦɫۣǰ֡ȸ
ķǰҲСź֡Ծһȸ֣ˣٽܵĵʦӦΪȸ̻Ե֮һ
̬ƺٽǿʱ԰ڵ˼ڳ˶ܸоó
ٽܵʦãٽܴ˸кЦɡ
᳤áٽܶЦЦ̬ȻЩߣ˫Ŀâ˸ϣеĳȲûжΡ
üͷ΢΢һ壬Ϊûдϣ뿴ı顣룬ڼٽܵʦҲӦЩ仯ŶԡٽǵڵĵʦǺܴģ֮µʦݿɲС
ʧˣϣûпκα仯
ȷʵź̻ûоԴԵ£֪ٽΪȸ̻ԣп϶񶯡оڣ͵ȻˡٽʮʦȴǶʮʦ
ңԻһ¯Ƴ߿һƷӢĴڣٽܵʦܱȵģ
ʱߵ˼䣬ϣ¶һֹŹֵı顣ͣԶû˵ʲôһ´Ҳ֪Ӧǽ᳤ԾԵ̬ȸ㡣
᳤һԤУ»ûһЩľЦ˵
Щң
ҰûпԵĲҰ֮⡣ҪȻԵľͲź̻ᣬǽȸ̻ˡ


526 俪ʼ
ⷬЩѽ⣬ָʲôֳҲϸʣЦ˻
᳤ߵˣӡӣĿھԵϡ
᳤˽оԣǰǽȸ̻ҪΪ̻Եġһȸ̻£һ˫Сۣ˳˵
ˣѹֿ졣û뵽ԵʦûΪҽȸ̻ԣȴ᳤ܵź̻ᡣװȻӡ
㿴˿ĵЦ죬ƾЦˡ
᳤λԵʦΪź̻ԣ֪ٱꣿתЦʵ
᳤ɲϹذӦҲ֪̻˽ϢأҺͰ᳤ôϤҲˡȻˣҸҲ޷ź̻뾰ԵʦԣǧʯĿ˵
˻
⻰ϵЦݣʱס¶֮ɫ
ǵȻ޷뵽ź̻뾰ԴԣḶǧʯĴۡ
֮ź̻֧ԵĳͣĿʵַͨʽһ¾Եģû뵽ԵĳͻôߣȫԤϡ
֪ǧֻǾͳͣϵ㵤Ļź̻ỹҪ֧ǧʯͣǿһȺ˻𺳡
ʱǽٽܵĵʦҲĿ⿴˾ԡ֮ǰǺܸ߰ģûԼۡ˵˾ԵۣǱʲôҲƵĺܣԾҲ΢һЩĺܣӦǵˣ֪ˣһҵӵܣź̻˹ȥ
᳤˼ʧһ¡
ԵʦȥǱ߰ɣмˣҸһ¡Ƕ԰Ǹ˵תԡ
Ȼͷ
Ե˸㣬ԶۼһȺˡܣԲ֪Щ˶ǵ̻Ա̻Ļ᳤ҲȺ֮С
ǴкҲĻӦӱϿ˵ĹϵǺܺġ
᳤˵ǲǳԴҩˣȻǧʯıꣿȸ̻һԱü˵
ȷʵЩŹ֣˼˵ȻһŮˣɾĺܡǧʯɲСĿ
᳤ԵʲôӦòǵĵʦɣа֮ڱȽϳĵʦûɲʶٽܵʦʵ
ٽܵʦʶ˺Ǵġ㿴Сˣǽơٽ˵
ٽ΢΢һ㶡

֪ƺֻһСǣû˵ǱеҴڰٽһĺɡ
˵Ȼǵҵĵţҽȸ̻ڣһĵʦ˾á֮ǰʦЭĻ᳤Ҳһʦ˵ǰԣʦѡ˵
ôܣ᳤ΪҪ֧ǧʯꣿٽ
Ǻǣ᳤Ǳƭ˰ɣֵطҲַܳǳɫĵʦٽЦ
ҲǺˣٽܵʦǹȥ̻Ļ᳤кɣ̻Ļ᳤Ҳڣҡҡͷ˵
̻ᣬǵ֮еĵһ̻ᡣ
ȸ̻ģڶĶ̻಻Ǻܴ󡣿̻ȣȴǲʮǧ
̻Ĺģŵڶ̻ͽȸ̻̻ܺ͡ڵİ˼ʦкü̻ڵĵλ޷̻Ļ᳤ֱˣҲǵ֮ǳɫĵ֮һܾ֮ǰѾǰ˼ʦ
ûʱ䣡
㳡ϣԭһӱð
һĿ⣬ڽϷĹ㳡ϡ
ҲȥһȺӰϷĹ㳡֮ϣԼϰ˵ӡЩ˵󣬶½λõˣһǰüߣһһɫۣͣòӡ
Եʦߵģǵ֮ǳסұߵģӦʥʹʥˡԾ˵
΢΢ĵ˵ͷ
ʢ£ʥˣҲϾ½ϣʥǵĴڡᣬһ죬Ҳ½Ľ㡣
ھԴ߽ݹ㳡˵ʱһɫ۵ߣߵ߽ݹ㳡ǰˣĿӹ·㳡ϵĺѹѹȺ
쵤Ὺʼ
һ׶Σ䣬μĵʦ׼ȡơ˵Ķʡ


527 ҩ
ڰ߻δȫµʱĽݹ㳡ϣͷһݵߡ
ʦǰòƾ֤һƣ߶˴
Կ˿ƣЦŵͷ
󣬾ԵΪź̻Եĵʦǰȥ
ͬʱдĵʦ߳ȺȻ׼μһġתĿɨһۣȷʵгһǧʦμ䡣
ƾ֤һƣ̷ǳ١ԣҲƸƾ֤һһöɫĺƣɫ֣ʮ
Ƭʱȥвμĵʦ㽫ƶһϡϷݹ㳡ϷԾµߣҲ·˻ȥ
вƵĵʦһݹ㳡ִ
ҲȺԾϡ
һ׹㳡ϣڷźôĳÿһųһ˿񸲸ס
ԵʦѾʼˣһǱҩھߵ񷽣Ծ˵
Ҳ֪ԶϤϤ΢Ǻ󣬻Ǿ˵һ¡һԲϤ̣ôڸ߾ԣҲþһЩ׼
ҩ񷽡
һԵȷȷʵ̡֪
ԡһؾǱҩʶһݡҩϸﵽҪĵʦܽһءڶǱ浤زͨأǻϾܵ㵤ˡ񷽵ͷ¶Щϣ
ֻ弶ʦǲл㵤
һʱ˾൤ϵ⣬ࡣԣԾǼΪأԱʦâء
ţ֪ˣԵͷл񷽵ʦˡ
뵤ʦԺѡҩִ˵
Եһǧʦ㶼жԣҲܿҵ˱ʾʮŵɫվڳ֮ǰ
˶վԼıҩ֮ǰִ
еʦҿǰϵĳ񲼣

еĵʦҿԼǰϸǵĳ񲼡һݣҲӳ뵤ʦǵ֮ڡ
ÿһųϵ࣬һģҶһ֮֡⣬ϻֽʡ
ֽϣлõһһţÿһǶʮ
ֻһۣԾֽ֪ϵĿո볤ϵݰڷǶӦġһرҩǽϸݵдֽӦĿո֮ڡ
һأҩÿһλʦǰĳϣһݡλʦҪģǽÿһݱϳȻݵдӦĿո֮ڡһصʱ䣬Ϊһʱ
ڣҩʼע⣬ڱҩ֮ǰκεʦʦΥ棬ֱӰᵤʦμʸ񡣡صĺȵ
ڰ߻º󣬵ʦǣ㶼ϵıʣҴҿʼֽдһݵ֡Ƕʿ죬ͣҲ졣
֮һյʱ䣬дĵʦͣеıʣüͷ¶ݡ
ʲô⣿
Ҳݣôûǿʯ
ҾȻʶôܣ̻мݣô᲻ʶݣ
һʦʼץˣнתͷ
ڷڳϵݣǰһЩȷʵױϡһݣӶʮ֮ѶȾһӶЩҵĵʦ̻ĵʦüͷ
Ϊʱޣǲһ˷̫ʱ䡣һ޷ϳʱ򣬾ֻʱŹȥٱһݡ
ɺܶ˷֣ǽһķŹȥŹʮݡ
Щʦ޷ˣ
Ǿãһ䣬ѶƺࡣЩʦǰ֮µĵʦȻܲμӹһ䡣Ǿ󲿷ֶбģٶһһЩ˽⡣
ܶ൤ʦ֪һһرҩ󲿷ֵĵʦܳɹʮݡһһأƺҪϳʮݶкܴѶȡ
վڳ֮ǰĿӳϵһӹ
ģҲҲ
ݣ
ʯҹʵ

ԵĿ⣬ԽǰݣԻǺ⣬ΪǽΪֵҲǺܸߡǺһЩݣǾԣҲкܶδġҪǬмЩݵϢǾҲܱϳ
ȴ֪ЩݵļֵǺ漸ʮݣÿһֵ֣ǣƽʱ͹򲻵
ҲЩ̾Ԫ½ĵʥأȻһó˶ϡݳܽЩеĻǿɾˬˡ


528 ѶȺܴ
ͷҲֻ룬֮ǾԲЩݱȡߵġ
֮һֵ֣ʵ̫ˣڵ֮УҲࡣͱǾݣһֵҪǧʯϡϡеݣʱ㼴ٶʯ򲻵
߽ݹ㳡ϡ
ʦһرҩѶǲЩˣһߣתԺ˵
ߣǺ׵һͽܣͬʱǱί֮һ
䣬ʮίЩίУ׵ͽܣͶˡˣекպĵʦҲеǴӵҹڵϳɾ;˵ĵʦ
һʮˣɱί
һرҩȷʵȽѣҪһѵöࡣһλίҲüڡ
ţҲǴҶѣڲμĵʦ˵ǹƽġί˵
Ǻǡ׺¶Цݣλ˵ȷʵûѶȣҪԶʤһ䡣ڲμĵʦ˵û̫Ӱġһһǧʮ˲μӣһֻѡİ˽ʦܱϳݣֻҪܽǰİ٣Ϳͨһ˳
׵ⷬ˶ͷ
һ㶼ûҪѴҶѣûռˡ
׵ʥǹȥΪʹߣЦ׹˹֡
˽гãΪΪǿұͬǵʦݡȻڵϣ޷żȣһ̶ϴʥϣڵڣƽƽ
Щ档֪һأɼõĵʦܱϳݡĿ˵ȷʵҲģҲûʲô顣
ʹߣ˵һЩʦڲоȽĻôӦþܱϳݵġҡͷ
˵ûһҶˣвǺܺݡҾã²ĵʦûϳгʮֵݡü
ţͬⳣʹ˵ġһݣϳʮֵĻȷʵͺ˲ˡһЩ߼ʦҲѱϳһеľʮ֡׵˵ͷųЦ
߽ϣвٵеĴԼһЩҵĸ߲Щˣ㲻ǵʦڵҲо׺ͳԺҲΪȻΪǣ·һݣҲвǱϲġ
ǺһصѶȣ
·ݹ㳡
̻ĳԱ໥붼Զ
ź̻ˣĿҪھԵϣǶԾԱŷǳϣȻΪź̻Եһˣ˾֮⣬˾ڵǿ񷽵ʦҲûκλ㵤
̫ģԾԵز̫ѣߣ˵
ţžԵʦЦЦ
᳤ҿԵʦˣ㿴һڲԶ
üΪǰЩϲˡ
᳤ǹľԵʦĿ¶Цζ˵
᳤ˣ뾰ԵʦϤұϾԵʦӡȽ̡ÿԾ˳ˡЩ棬ҷ־ԵʦĿǰΪֹƺٶʰ᳤˵ô£ķǧʯ뾰Եʦԣ⾰ԵʦڵһǿΪٳٲأһɫǷǳɻ
ʵϣȻǹ˵ⷬмŵá
Ծܾ˽ȸ̻ᣬѡΪź̻ԣʼðòʹ죬ͺһ̣ܡ
ʲô
᳤ź̻뾰Եʦԣķǧʯһȵ
Ҳͬһ㣬ǵڶ̻ᶬ̻Ļ᳤俪ʼ֮ǰžԹЩ˽ܹԣǶ֪Ե֣֪Ϊź̻Եĵʦ
ֻǣû뵽Ե۾Ȼߴǧʯ
ɲһ㵤ʦеۡһ˵۴ﵽǧʯĻʦ
ڶϻĻ᳤Ļʱһ䡣
ûԵʦΪź̻ԣȷʵǧʯԵʦܵ㵤Ļź̻֧ǧʯĳ͡˵
⡭
⾰Եʦʲôͷ᳤̻Ŀо˸һ¡
ʲôͷһĵʦѡЦһмĿ˵


529 ʱ䵽
Ļϻ᳤Щˣ
ֻһʦĻ᳤ѵɵӣԸôĴһûʲôĵʦΪԼ̻ԣ
᳤̻ɻĿ̻Ļ᳤ҲĿ⿴̻Ļ᳤̻Ļ᳤УλȽϳ֮ǰ᳤ۼҲǺĺѣ̻ԵʦûжȤ
ԣһЩȤԲŽĿ⿴
̻Ļ᳤ԼƲƲڡ
ԣǵҽȸ̻ᣬΪҽȸ̻Եģ˵
ľŵĽһ顣
Ȼϣ˵ľʵڰ˵һ֣ǾԲʶô὾ζ
֪󣬶¶ȻɫΪ˵ĺϸԴҶԾԵȻû˶ٻɣȷʵĵʦڳ˻᳤֪ġ
Ԫ½һʮŸǣ̻ⶼ鲼Ԫ½СǣҲ֪ܲ
֪ʦǶʱû˶ȤڣûеңҲû˵ʲôĵʦڡ
᳤ƭˡ\̻Ļ᳤ߵ˵
\̻ᣬǵĵ̻ᡣ
̻ᣬһ̻ᣬڶǶ̻ᣬǽȸ̻ᣬ\̻ᣬź̻ᡣ̻λܺڶĶպ͵Ľȸ൹Ǻܴ
ڵĵ\͵ź̻ᣬҪȶȸһΡ
\᳤̻ĻЦЦҲ⡣
ûмʶ֮ǰܻûڣȫžԵ㾰޷㵤񣬿ҲԲڵһؾͱ̭
žԵʦ˵
Ǻǡ᳤Իεĺܡ᳤һʱֻһʱڶаʱ˰ɣǾԣûôءһֱڹעܿ϶ڱϳݣԲʮ֡ƶ˵
᳤˵ûҲһֱڹעԣȷʵûôʡȸ̻һ£
Ŀ⿴ԣüͷ΢΢
ʵϣҲһֱעžԵĶ϶Ҫע԰Ͼź̻ϣź̻̻ǲܱȣ̻ҵ˲ֹһʦǴԣ̻ڲа֮µʦ
֪˵һ㶼û
Ҳȷô¡ԣҲٻӦʲô
λ᳤ҲͲ˵ʲôˡΪź̻ԣź̻ʧٴҲûʲôϵУͲź̻ʧһЩ
ʱһš
ݣǺѱϳЩݣױϴ󡣡
ƿͷݼΪƣкܶ൤ʦὫƿϳͷݡת
ƿһּΪݣܶ൤ʦûͷݾͱȽϳԵʦһۿƿ׾ͽͷݡ
Ҳһݣʮҡ
ûʲôʱˣ
ʰɣڿʼٵʣֽдһݵ֡
ԿдϲŸֳЦݣͬʱɳһ
ԵĶȻҲ˿
ԻȤʱˣ㿪ʼдˣΪдĴ𰸣Ϲèɣı˵
ˣҲҡҡͷ˵û˵ʲôΪûʲôϵΪ̻Եĵʦ
Ƕд⣬ΪԼ̻Եĵʦмͨһؽڶء
дٶȺܿ죬һд𽥵ģֽϵĿո
дһݵʱ򣬾üͷһ塣
ҽһݶϳ᲻̫ͷˣЩǡ
˵ʵдʮݣѾǳˡͷԵǲʲôֻһȫд֪ʲô
ô࣡ǰôôɣһݣջһոд˴𰸡
һξԾҪͷ䣬½ĺûᡣȻ˵ϳһֺͱϳʮݲ಻󣬵˵ӡȴԲһһٷֺ;ʮŷֻһ֣˼õģ϶һٷ֡
ʱ䵽еʦ̷еıʣ߽İߣʱֿˡ
һرҩ涨һʱʱ䣬Ѿȥˡ
ڰ߻Уеĵʦеıʡܶ˲ģдǲٶʣȻжΪΥӶȡʸǾ͵òʧˡ


530 ⲻܣ
߻䣬Ӱ߽ϷԾ¡
ЩˣʼȡʦǰֽŴ
Ƭ̺󣬱һǰ
ʮŵʦžԣޱȷϵ
ǵģԵͷӦ
˱ϵıʣھǰֽ϶ˣдʮ֡
ûɣֵ
ûУ
ھԻӦ˲Žֽȥȡ˵ֽš
Ƭ̺еֽȡϣͻص߽ݣֱʮίǰ
ĵʦǣǿлǲ뿪ڵĽݹ㳡һ˵
찡̫ˣһıҩ湻ѵģ
ǰģҿʮֶûдԡ
ϳ֣ոսҩĵʦ׷׳̸ۣûмʦɫǺÿġ
һЩʦɫڣ۾죬ڲ
Եʦݣһѣһѵöࡣ񷽺ܿʡ
ȸ̻ĵʦҲߡ⼸ˣ֪񷽱Թ񷽵Ǽ֮ǿǼ񷽶ԾԶǳ𾴣ھǰҲĺܣٱϺ𾴡
վ񷽱£ڽȸ̻Ҳֻкٵ֪˻᳤֮⣬ǽȸ̻£Щ˶Խȸ̻Ȼ⣬Ƕǽȸ̻ĹɶԲܻԵ޹й¶ڲϢ
ȷʵȽѡԵͷ˵
ţֻдʮ𰸣лвǲȷġҿ޷ͨһˡһȸ̻ŮԵʦҡͷεĵ
Ҳǿ٣Ȼʮ𰸣һЩҲȷǲǶԵġ񷽿ŮԵʦһ۵
ǱòᰡһЦ񷽵ʦһοֻˣǼ֮УҲаսڶء
ʦҲ弶ʦȻȲ񷽡߼ʦâ̵˾ûֺˡڵһ߼ʦʦҲ׵顣
ɾʹˣҿ޷뾰Եʦȡ񷽰ֵ
Ŷ˶΢΢һ㶡
Ǹоó񷽵̬ȺܳϿңǫ顣˶ԡ
ЦЦûж˵
߽ϣʮίĵʦǵĴ
ݴʮ֣
ʮ֣
ЩˣŴԶʮ֣Ӧûϣˣ
ίһĴһҡͷ̾Ϣ
ҩȷʵѵģﶼʮˣһʮֵõʮֵĶûСһŮί˿ί˵
Ҳǰɼõһݲŵõʮ֣ԱߵһίЦЦ˵
һΣܵʮ־ͿԽһˡһ񵭵˵
ĴǺܿٵģЩίǰ˼ʦڵϵǿңҲ綼֪𰸣һɨȥ֪ÿһݴϵĴжȷġ
ۣݲʮ֣һܵõʮ֣һͻȻһĿһ⡣
ʲôʮŷ֣ҿϾί˹ȥЩϲĿŴ
ʮŷֵĴǶǺȺˣܡ
˵ʵѶԽԽֳһʦ͵̡̫򵥵ĻҶõʮϣǲûж١ʮֺһٷ֣ҲʮݶѡѶȴˣǲɾʹˡ
ǲ
ţʮźţܺá´ˣһҳᵤʦ˵
ίмҳģһۡ
Ҳ֪ݴһˡֺֻ룬û֣Ҳ֪ǲǼĵʦ
ʱƣĵĴԽԽࡣʱģҲᱬһȽϸߵķֻǣ߷ֵĴʵ̫٣ʮ֮µġ
ʮ֣ȷʵˡһαҩѶȣ¾һЩ߼ʦҲܵðʮְɣһŴ¶ϲõı顣
һʮֵģһϹһЦ˵
ܣⲻܣ
ͻȻ֮䣬һ
ίĿ⿴˹ȥ
浤ʦôˣ
֣ʲôʲôܣ
ίĵʦɻʵ
棬Ǻ׵ĵӡԪ½ϣҲǺպǿʦ˵¸ءίҲصĺܡ
ʱȴɫǺ죬ԵޱȵļίƣԷ׷׿ѯʷʲô¡
˼飡ֱЩףʮţðģûлش˵ʣԹԵ˵


531 ʮ˭
ίˣ
Ǻ浤ʦʧ̬
ί֮Уģʶһ꣬δһص浤ʦйôʱ
ʦ֣㵽ôˣԱߵһίӴʵ
ҲǺ׵ĵӣʦֵܡ
ˣǹ֪ˡ濴˶Էһ۵
ô˵ﻹס׷˹ҲеĴƽ̯ϡ
ܿģίɫҲˡ
ôܣ
⡭⡭
ʮŵʲôҲ̫˰ɣ
ίݺһ¡
ǵȻ𶯣ΪϣԼμӱĵһرҩҲ޷ʮŵʦ̶ֳȡǰ֪˴𰸣ǲ֪𰸣ǿܾǣҲһЩϲǿɶǴ½϶ĵʦˡʣǿҲֻܵõʮֵӡ
ݴٷ֣˼ٵ
ÿˣʮŷ֣ݴʮŷֻ֣һǲݴˡҡͷס˵
˻ίһ
Ҫ֪ҩȽϼ򵥵ʱܵõʮŷֵĵʦ٣Ҫ˵ڱһرҩôѵˡ
ʮŵ˭
Īһҵģ
ǵ֮ǵŵʦɣǵҵţҲûôģ˵硡
棬ô£ʱ򣬺Ҳע⵽ίĲ
ʦź׹
ţҲŴź˹ȥ
ʦ㿴ʮŷ֣ӦǱҩ߷ˡ漤˵
Ҳ֪ʮʲôˣʮţѵһĵš
ŶҲ΢΢һ㶡
ţ볣öһۡ볣ãԵһرҩѶģΪÿһصĲ߻ġңˣ˰ίڣҲ伴ʼʱ֪
ʮŷ֣ĿҲ¶һ⡣
ʦʮŲյĵӰɣЦЦʵ
벻ʦ֮⣬ʲô̳ܵôĵšЩңС
ܣûյӡüҡͷ棬ݴҿɣ
ǣʦ˫ֽ˹ȥ
׺ͳãĿ⿴ݴϸܿģĿоһ¶˼ɡ
·ݹ㳡ˣҲע⵽߽ݹ㳡ϵ쳣
Ľ𣿡
ô£׳ôĴ
֪ЩԾѵǷݴ⣿ˣ¶Ŀ⡣
֪ί飬׺ʥĳʹߣͲĴڣۿίһݴ͵׺ͳǰ
ȻЩͬѰ
ڶݹ㳡ϣԵҲע⵽߽ݹ㳡ϵĶתĲµǷݺŵĴӦþԼĴ
Լ֮⣬μĵʦûˣܱϳȫݣеĴ𰸡
棬ˣ׿˿˵
Ҵˣһ㶡
ʦѵݴǾʮŷ֣ӦðɣѵʮŲǾʹһݣơ
Ȼơ
֮ǰõȷ𰸣̫ܼǴݴֹһ飬ӦòŶࡣ
浤ʦȷʵˡҲһԿ˵
ʹҲô˵϶ʱ¶֮ɫʦô˵ʹҲô˵ǿ϶Լˡ˵ʲô벻ͨôأֻһٸ𰸣ֲһ
ʦʹߴˣҸղҲݴʦӦûдһίˣҲǺ׵ĵӡ
Ǻǣ㲻Ǿʮŷ֣ӦҲǾʮ˷ְɣûʲô𣡡һίûüݴȫһ飬Բô˵
ίҲ׷׵ͷʮ˷ֺ;ʮŷ֣ȷʵûʲôӦöϵһصĵһ
Ǳżװڰ֣ݴǾʮŷ֣ҲǾʮ˷֣һٷ֣
ʲô
⡭ô᣿һٷ֣һٷ֣

ܵˣԲ۾棬һĵɴ۾
԰ǲݣϵĴ𰸾ǴˡдϹݣǲݡһ㣬ܿ϶ΨһĴһ㣬ٸҲ̫˰ɣ
ʮţĸСһȻ֪Ϲݣ֣һ㵤ʦ¶û˵ɣ૵


532 ֽ
Ϲݣǲݡ
ȻֲָͬľһݡֻֽĴ½ϣʦֻ֪ǲݣȴ֪Ϲݡ
ʵϾżʦףҲֻżȻһϹŵ伮ϼ֣Ӷ֪Ϲݾǲݡ˵һǧ֮ǰǲݵֽϹݣ֮Ÿ֡
Ԫ½ϣֵҲֻһ֡ҲһЩݣ֡
ʦ˼˵ǲҲϹݣ淴Ӧ
ԣ֣ȷġֻǾʦ֪ˡ׵ͷ˵
ίһЩǶû˵Ϲݣʮţȴ֪֡
浹˿ȻдˣȴΡίҲû֪Ϲݾǲݡ
ڵڶݹ㳡ϵľԣȻ߽ݹ㳡Ϻ׵˵̸ۡ
ϹݣݵǬǬǺܾǰĵ伮ԾԵǲ֪Ϲڽǲݡ
ˣǼĴɣ˵
ǣӦ
ʮһλˣ۾
Ҳ棡֪ܿˡЦЦҲ棬ȴż
ȴȫϣǰİĵʦǵϵݹ㳡Ȼ֪ʮһλ
ֹһᣬһǧݴȫˡʮίǽдһ飬Էִֹ
ί鿴ǲݵĴ𰸣еʦϹݣҲҪĹʮŵִĴûһ˴Ϲݡ
λʦǵĴѾȫϣǰİٵĵʦͨһرҩڶر浤չһֽͳƳķ
ڣҽһһнһصʦֺƣӦĵʦϵݹ㳡˶
񷽵ʦˣ΢΢Щ
һر̭ģһˡһǧʦֻİܽڶء
һţ
ţ
ţ
źţ
ʮţ
ʮߺţ

ߣϵһֶ֡ӦĵʦԼֺƣ඼¶ϲı顣
ҽˣ
Ҳˣ̫ˣ
˻ϲǣЩûԼӦֺƵĵʦЦˡ֣ǰ˳ģһŶźֱţôĺҲǱ̭ĵʦ
ԼֺƵĵʦ򶼴ӵڶݹ㳡ϵݹ㳡
ʮ˺ţٴš
ԵʦǶ٣񷽵ѯʡ
ʮţ񷽵ʦأǶٺţԻӦַʡ
ʮţҪǵĺˡ񷽺һóܽš
񷽵ʦҪţ϶ԽڶءЦЦ
ԲǿοʱĽӴԶڵϵ֪ҲȽ˽ˣڵϵĻǱȽʵģֻҪǽڶûʲô⡣
ţ񷽵˵ͷ
ãõκܰҽȸ̻ᣬѾһʦڶˡڰʮߺź󣬰һʦӵڶݹ㳡ϵݹ㳡Ц˵һ䡣ϵ㳡ĵʦȸ̻ġ
ʱ򣬰ͻȻƬ̡
֮ǰһֱһֵģͻȻһ£Ȼó
ֻĿ⣬߽ݹ㳡ɨ£ƺһӡ
ʮţߣ˳
ֺ󣬰ֶƬ̡
Եʦϲæأ
ź̻ĵʦҲ׷׳ԹϲĿжٶЩĽ
ԵʦȷʵһЩͣѹ᳤ֻΪ̻أź̻ĵʦžԣжš
ԶԼ˵˵ͷǰȥԾϵݹ㳡
߽ݹ㳡ϵĺ׵ˣžԿ
ȻоЩƵĿ⣬Цһ£дȫ𰸺֪ĽĴ㣬ҲںЩȵ
˭
ûӦòǵĵʦ
֣ʶǲģ
ǣʮţһģ
ҲҼģ
ҲʶЩҵˣžҡͷղǻЩڴڿԺֶЩʧѯˡ
ǾȵǣˣʶʮšҲ˵ʮŲǵģҲκһҵĵʦ
˿ᰡҲʮֵľ档
ţȷʵᣬֻжʮɣװüҲ


533 оԣ
߽ݹ㳡ϵЩȻʶԣǷ׷׳²⾰Եݣǰ״
ڵһرҩд֣ʵ޷ƽŪԵʲôطðĹ
ԵϢӦúܿͻˣǣֻҪ΢ȴƬ̡
ھԾϵݹ㳡󣬰ߵĹ
ôȻͨ˵һأȸ̻Ļ᳤סˣղ˵Щ̫ˣھЩ²̨
ȸ̻£Ҳɫѿ
ʱоλ᳤Լ񣬶Щ
ƺȡЦղƶ˵ֻǼĵʦͨһأȴԵ˵ݣǽˡ
Щڣ֪Ͳǰô໰ˡҪԾһֱܲˬһ¡ҪĿģӦź᳤̻
һǳŮӣƿź̻ᣬǼ̻УųûҪɨһɨ֮ӣܴ㣬Ĳҡ
ȴû뵽ôȻ˳ͨ˵һءͨһأʹˣǰź֣Ҳע⵽
᳤ԵʦܾʮʯͣеġЦſ˵
ܵˣҲЦ
ղŰԼ׿˵ʮʯԽȸ̻ᣬɾȴʶôľܾˡڵһر̭ôȻû˻¡ھԽ˵ڶأʮʯȻԶϾԵˡ
ܽڶأ϶Ҫ弶ʦʵļʦҪڶأֻǿ
ڶصİʦУļʦʮ֮һ
ʮʯһ֮µ弶ʦԣȷʵһЦȸֱ̻辰ԵʦҲѹ˼ҵͷȥ
һʱġ
һڶΣ
һʮĵʦҾͲܽءܱϳݣֻΪݱȽ϶࣬ǳãһҪϵ˵ġƱ˵ƺΪԼһһ档
⻰ȻЩǿʶڱȷʵҲһЩ
Ⱦֻĵʦξ̫ˣʮĵʦܳΪ弶ʦڵ֮жʮֺ
˵ڵڶرضԭα¶ΪڶؿǱ浤ǿɲǱҩܱȵġҩʱ򣬾ѵݣֻҪżȻмǻҲܱϳǱ浤ĻͷǳˣΪҩ෱࣬ҩòȴ
Ȼ˵дСɫ𣬿ⵤҩʵ̫ˣκһɫĵҩзǳࡣҪȥҩǲġ
浤ѶȣȱҩҪܶࡣ
䣬һرҩѶȾ֮󣬱浤Ȼ̫ɡ
ⷬЦЦûĿϿȥ
߽ݹ㳡ϵİߣҲ𽥽İڶصĵʦӦֺ붼˳ΪİҵĵʦкЩͬģνĵʦİİ
𲻴
羰Ԥϵ񷽵ʦҲ˳ڶءΪź̻ԵĵʦϾһˣڶصģˡ֮Уڵһؾͱ̭˽ڶأҲǲˡ
񷽺һŮԵʦϵݹ㳡Ϻ󣬱վھߡϵķͬǰź֣ǱȽĿ
ע⵽ȸ̻μľʦ֮УҲ˽˵ڶءΪ׵ģʦٽܣʱһ߰վ
ʱվݹ㳡ϵİʦʦܶࡣԲȷж٣ҪҲʮ֮һ΢ӡ
вǵĵʦҲвЩҵӵܣɢʦ¾Ҳ֮࣬ܳûˡ
ϲǽڶءһأб浤İʦ֮Уһʦλ׼յʱ󣬵ڶر浤ʽʼߴ˵
߽ݹ㳡ϣ˵ⷬ󣬱һξ룡
֣ǸʮŽʲô֣ί濴ǰʵ
Դӵڶݹ㳡Ծϵݹ㳡ʱ򣬹ھԵϢҲͱ¶ˡ
ڶһƵʱ򣬾ԵĸϢѾ췽֪Ժܿģ췽Ͳ鵽˾ԵϢ
ʮŵʦֽоԣǣΪʮ꣡̾ͻش˵


534 ʮ

ʮꣿ
ߵĻشȻԲܵˣϱ鶼Ե÷ǳŹ֡
׺ͳλݶ΢΢һ䡣
ǵط˵ţ˿˵
صŶʮ꣡Щ˼飡Ŀŵݹ㳡ϵľԡ
׳˵Ի᲻ĳλ̳ĵӣýѹúܵ͡
˵ĴָǴ½ϵľżʦ
½ϵλȻ˵˺֮⣬λѾû¶棬˭ҲȷλѾ
˵һ̳ôһšôԿɾͷͬһˣһλһɱ
Ҳпܣصĵ˵ͷ

Ǹԣź̻Ĵˣ
ûϵķΣź
СﵹܲëңӦöעź̻һˡ߽ݹ㳡ϣĶǴ
ʱĽݹ㳡ϵˣ֪ڵһصõٷ߽֡ݹ㳡ϵˣȴ֪Եõһٷ֣ҲǱһرҩ׶Ψһ֡ΪԵĳɫ֣Щź̻Ҳע˼֡
һյʱȥ
λʦڶر浤ڿʼ߼֡
ڸղϢյʱУҲйԱһųڷڵݹ㳡ϡ
ڶݹ㳡ǰ׼óͬݹ㳡ĳڵʦ󣬲űڷų
Ϊڵһرҩ֮ǰ˭Ҳ޷ȷЩʦ˳ҪȷĵʦȻݶӦֺ룬ڷųӦĳ
ڰߵĻУҲѸҵıʮԼĳһγֻֽʣȴûеҩ
ھԸеЩɻʱߵǰɳһɫĵҩ
ҩ£ڵݹ㳡Ͽա
йԱһ޴ľʯǽڷŵ˵ݹ㳡ϡ澧ʯǽڣ߶ʮףҲжʮף˵Ϊ޴ġɫҩͱͶӰھʯǽϣŴʮҲǳнڶصĵʦܷǳĿ
ڶر浤һҪʮŵҩڽеǵһš
ʦע⣬Ҫдҩ֣ҪҩʹõĲϡдԽô÷ֽԽߡʮĿÿһʮ֣ܷһٷ֡ǵķԽߣصĻԽ󡣡
ÿһĴʱ䣬һյ裬ץʱ䣡¶΢Ц
ݹ㳡ϵĵʦǣĿⲻʱɫҩ;ʯǽϴ˱鲻һû˿˵Ȼ浤֮У˵ҲǾԽֹģһΥ棬ǿ϶ᱻȡʸ
΢˿ɫҩ˳
һֵͼⶾֻһҩǱȽϻĵҩ˵ڳЩӢʦѰͨͼʦҲƳֵҩ
浤ĵһ⣬˵ǳ򵥡
Ҳûʱ䣬ֽ̾дֵҩֺҪĲȫд˳⣬һ϶ʮ֡
дϺԾͷ±ʣʱ󲿷ֵʦд֮Сȷʵ羰룬һڳĵʦ˵ûκѶȡ
յʱ䣬ֻ֮һӣʦǾͻ϶ͣˡϣ΢ЦȻȽɡһЩޱģӦֻǱȽ಻ЦǾĿѡ
յʱ󣬾йԱдȥ
ţԱÿһų°ںÿհ׵ֽš
žǵڶ⣬⣬⣬⣡
ڶ⣬һֶҩ⣬һҩ͵⣬ļҩ
ǰ⣬ѶȶǺܴǰ⣬˵ͷ⣬⣬İʦӦöܵõ֡΢ЩѶȣֵҩȽϺһЩ弶ʦҲδƳڶؿǱ浤һЩʦ޷ƣҲ֪Ҫࡣ
˵ֵҩѶȾһˡֵҩһ弶ҩǱȽϡ弶ҩڤһָ߾ĵҩʹֵҩܴߵרעЧʡ
ֿڤȽټһĵʦ˵˵ûСȻֵҲǷǳĸ߰һ߿ò
Ȼھ˵סֻҪǸ߼ҩǬмزƵķ
ܿģԾڵݴд˿ڤֺҪĲϡ


535 Ϲ
ڱҩ׶νе⣬ĵʦʼԵýˡ
ʾ֭ɾǲȷŵҩʲôʲô֣Ҫ˵дҩҪĲࡣ
ץյʱֻǰĴߡٲˣʱ䵽ˣдһ֡ܶӡкüֵҩֵҩ࣬һ֣Ҳпܴԡ
һϹèӴˣҲܵõһЩ
óֵҩһųɫĵҩԶܸӦҩŵŵҩͬ弶ҩ
֪ԣڵڶرΣһֱڹעԡ
ʥʹʥΪĿģ뿴½ûðţ˵ðٵš
ϱֳɫĵʦֱضᱻʥǣʥĶС
Ǻǡһ֪ˡڵһر˳ɫڶسɼӦҲҵǺڴڵصıΡ΢Ц˵
̫ˡ
˵һǳʦôĵҩݿܾͷǳ࣬һЩǳϡеĵҩʶҲⵤҪһʦҲϱ֣Ǳڱϵҩϡ
һЩǵʦߣҲʶݺ͵ҩ
ǡǡѵġ޷ͶȡɣҲ޷ٳɣ̫ˣͿʼѧϰҲŶʮʱ䣬ȡöĳɾأ
ΪˣײŻ˵
ҲǳɫĻǲĵš䣬Ե֣ܻᴫԪ½֪֡
ʮίҲڵűһϱֳɫЩʦоԵ֣ȻǱεġ
ҲΪԿڵڶؾͻꪡ
浤ɲǱҩܱȵġûһĻǺͨڶصġ
ڶİʦμӣֻһܽɲס
ֵҩϽžǵڰֺ͵ھֵҩֵҩҩһԳһ־Ƿǳˣ߼ʦҲû
ŵҩİٵʦУܱϳģʮˣź˵
Ե˵ͷ
˵ûھֵҩ½ϣҲҲʦƳŵҩƵġ
߽ݹ㳡ίҲûһơ˵ǵǷȱֵҩҪĲ̫ϡˣڴ½ϸҲȻҪǣǶֵ֪ҩҩ
Ȼڶ࣬ɶرĵҩҲȫڸӡһ㣬ǲܹ˽κһʦܽԼȫڸԼĵӣҪһЩѹ׵Ĺ
ھֵҩʦֱӾͷˣ¶ò¡ΪǸûκͷ
תƬǬ󣬾ͱϳŵҩֽд
ע⵽ԵĶüͷ
Сô£
д
ѵʶŵҩôܣ
ݹ㳡ϣƺֻоһʦдȻ˵ĹעʦǼԵĶжתеš
ϹɰɣҲбĵš
ǵʦ֮УһЩʦ뷨ǿҡΪǶûֵҩȴдôܣҪǾʶֵҩ˵Եǻǿ
ǵȻžڵϱǻҪǿ
Ȼ֪ڵһصõֵĻ¾Ͳôˡ
᳤㿴Ǿԡʦûдȴд֪дһЩʲôȸ̻һ£һЦ˵
վȥȸ̻ʱҲڳǶԾ̬ǸߡҲһʦھſŵҩͬǲʶ
Ҫһͨڶ϶޷ͨȸ̻Ļ᳤Щ˵
˵ʵ֪ͨһصĻǿ϶ֻʮʯı̬꣬Ҳô䵭Ҫ֪ȸ̻ľʦУҲֻ˽˵ڶءһ˽ڶأǶȸ̻Ȼнһ
ϧ֪ѾˡУ϶Щζ
ܽأ¾ҪˣأֻһʦǹעɾͷͬһˡμӵˣһˣûһĲӰûʸμӵᡣмԼ̻ĵʦվĽݹ㳡ϣǶ̻ЧԺǿ


536 컯
᳤þԵʦܽ𣿡\̻Ļ᳤ѯʡ
\᳤̻㣬ǱȽϤң̻һ̶ˡ̻֮侺ǳң\̻ź̻̻ᣬѹһ̶ϺԸ̻ѹ
Ӧû⡣Цŵͷ
\᳤̻΢㶣û뵽ԾԵĻǿҡ
˵Ӧû⣬˵оԵĵʦʮˡ
᳤ȷʵǺǧʯ뵽ԵʦԣӦǻˡ\᳤Ц˵
ܽأ̻ỨǧʯĴۣȷʵͺܻˡ
\᳤Ȼô˵жҲЩŵġܽصĵʦкܴͷĵʦصĿʵǺС
\᳤Ȼᵱ˵
һ˶ԻֲЦʱû˵ʲôȾڵڶر̭϶Ҫ˵һЩڿһ㡣ûӣкܲʹ죬뷢й
ݹ㳡ϣھŴߡһֵҩˡ
ԿŰߵĶʱҲЩš
Ϊ֮ǰĹɣĻһֵҩӦǸ߼ҩ
ֻʦѹûƹ߼ҩĿǣȷʵҲʲô߼ҩ
ڰ֡ھֵҩҩһ֣ųɵĿԾ߼ҩ
˵ע֮£ߣڽʮֵҩȡ
һţɫƵĵҩɫ֮£ԼܿһЩɫС
λʦǱڶһֵҩˡŵҩ߼ҩֱ˵˵ҩƷ
üͷһ壬ĵȻ߼ҩ
Ҳȷʵûм߼ҩ
ô죿
ǰľŵ⣬Ҳ֪ܵõٷ֡ھԵӡУǰŵӦöܵõʮ֣Ǿʮ֡ǾҲȷ᲻ֲпܻһĳ롣
Ȼг룬ԾԼҲܵõʮϵĳɼֻǣʮֵʮֵĳɼ֪ܲܽء
μӵڶصİʦɶǼ򵥵˵Щʦڵڶܵõٷ֡
İʦֻһܽأѶȻǺܴġ
ԣԲ׷ʮ⡣Կ
ĬĬתǬ
ţ
컯Ȼһ
֮ǰƾ뾰ᵽյĽо컯컯һֿԸ龳ͻƵʦ߼ҩޱȵ󡣼ڵ֮УҲ򲻵컯
ͨǬ֪һֵҩ֣˵ͷ
Ľ֮һ컯췽컯óΪڶصĿ飬ƺҲǺ顣ԼҲӦ뵽һ㡣
ʣд컯ܱ֡ϳҩͿһĿеõһķ
Է֣ݹ㳡ϣв˶ڴдȻ˶ϳŵҩ
Щʦ֮У󲿷ֶû컯֮У϶в˲²⵽һֵҩʲôҾ㲻ȷ컯ɶҲһա
д컯ֺ󣬾ԼתǬһεϿյ컯
ΪֻʦǬҲƪƪƪУûй߼ҩ컯κϢԣҲ֪컯ҪĲϣҪ˵ˡ
߶Ǭ컯Ҳֻǳԡ뿴Ǭܷܲ컯ʹõݲϡ
ʱһš
ͻȻ֮䣬һ
ǬûþʧһϢʱӿ뵽ԵԺ֮Сһݲϣȫ
Цãûʧȥǣֳ֪У̫ԣֻдЦһ
ţԾͽһֲڴд
ȷʵЩղǬ컯ҲȷǬԷ컯ϢǬô죬ɹˡ
ھͣʺ󲻾ãյʱ㵽ֹͣдйԱʮݴ
ܿģʮݴҲ͵߽ݹ㳡ŵʮίǰ
ʮίÿ˵ǰڷİݡһίĵǵһڶίĵǵڶԴơ
λʦϢƬ̣Ⱥķע⣬ڽصĵʦȷ֮ǰǶ뿪ݹ㳡߶ԾԵ˵


537 ʮŵĴ
߽ݹ㳡ίŵһݷݴݹ㳡ϵĵʦǣڽȴ
ԡ񷽵ź̻ĵʦҲһ۸ոսĵڶر浤ÿһĴ𰸡
ǰĵ⣬˵Ĵ𰸶ûг롣˵⣬һˡ𰸣񷽺;ԵȫͬŮԵʦһЩǲأӦܵõŷ֡
˵⣬͸ˣѯʹԵĴ֮񷽺ŮԵʦɫЩÿ
ڶյ֮񷽺ŮԵʦͶ˵ˣҲټպ⣬ûġ⣬ǸǺдġ
ĵһίܿ죬Ƭʱ߰˷ִ
ʮţ
ҿ
ţûκ⣬ʮ֣ίϸ˿ԵĴ󣬵ͷֱӴʮ֡
ĵǵһ⣬Ի϶ʮ֡μӵڶؿ˵ĵʦ̫һⶼ
ĵڶ⡢͵ίҲΣÿһݴʮ֡ĺܼ򵥣ֻҪشҩֲдҩƵвϣǾ֡
ڻشĲи۷֣شһֲϣͿ۵һ֣ǿ۵֡شҩֱ֣ӵõķ֡
ڶصĴǵҩķ֣ҩƲһ֡
˵һֵҩһҪʮֲϵĻǵʦдȫʮֲϣлشһ־Ϳ۵һ֡
ĵίҲرעһʮžԡ
û취ڵһصõ֣벻עⶼѡÿĵʮŵĴί϶رעһ£ҲЩڴ
ܺãʮţȻһЩͣίЦŵͷ˵
ôʮŵҲ֣Աʡ
ίĵʱҲнġ
ԣίͷ˵ʮŵĵ⣬ûκ⣬ʮ֡
ǺǣһҲʮ֣
ţڶʮ֣
ǰ漸ίЦ˵ˣί
ǱżﻹûĵʮŵĴί˵Ŀ⣬˵һ䡣
ҩȼԽߣһ˵ʹõĲϾԽ࣬ĵʱԽԣһίĵٶġ
ûȶʱ䣬ίǰʮŵĴίϸĶݴۿ
ȱûκ⡣ίԵĴҲ΢΢̾˵
ʮţҲ𣿡Աߵί̾ʵ
ǰʮ֣û˿Ĵ©дһЩԴĲϣҶʮˣϧֻܸʮ֡ί̾
Ժ󣬶Щ
ʮţȷʵǵš
ʱ򣬵ίҲӿٶȡǰίĶԻˣҲ뿴ʮŶԵĴ
ˣίʮֺһ
⡭
СҪ찡Ȼ֣ίһ˵
ѶȺܴˣǰ߰˷ִûһֵܳġԿԵĴԽ𾪡
Ҳ֣
Щ˰
ѵСڵڶصõʮֲɣ
˵ǰߵĿʮˣõʮֺпܰ
ίǣ񶼿ʼˡ
ڶܷܵõʮϣ൱ˡȻڶصѶȣҲ˶٣һزôסǶĵڶسɼܵõʮֵĵʦҲǺܶࡣ
ڶܵõʮֵĵʦǷëǣһûСһڶأ߷־ǰʮûеʮ֡
ϣܵõʮϵĵʦܽˡ
Ҳ˵ֻǰߵĿԾѾһֻ̤ˡ
֣ģ쿴ʮŵڰٷ֣ǰίڰί
żʲôҲһݷݴڰί˼һۣû˵
Ȼ˵ĻУҲǺĺܡ
˶ЦЦҲûٴߴ١˶ʱͣеĶŵڰίĵʮžԵʦĴ
ˣʮţڰίһ˵
Ŷٷ֣̾ʵ
ȿڰίӦһ䣬۾ȴһֱеݴ
ҩִˣķ֣ڰίͷ˵
أ
ϻشΣѵܶ𣿡
ڰѶȺܴˣܱϳʲôҩͺܲˣ
ţ
ڼ֮롣
ôܡ⡭ڰίԵĲд۾ɴ
֣ô£ѵڰ⣬ʮҲ֣ίüëʵ


538 ʮ
ڰίûмӦֽݴͷβϸһ顣
޴
һĴ
ί̧ͷ˿ίصͷʮŵʦĵڰҲʮ֣
Ȼ֮ǰڰί̬˶һЩ׼ɵ⻰ί̲סһ¡
ǰ⣬Ȼȫ֡⣬ǰʮ֡⣬ʮŽǿհ״ǰõİʮ֣ҲԽʦ˦ˡʮ֣ܹеʦǰʮˣпǰʮأ϶ûκ⡣
˵һ㶼ûоԵСһڵڶسɼҲ˫ĿԺ׵
ίǵĽ̸׺ͳãú֪ʮžԵʦѾõ˰ʮ֡
ǰڶأ⣬ԵʦӦܵõʮˣлõڶͷ׵ͷ
ţ֪ھܵõٷ֡ڵʮ⣬Ҳķˣ˵
ھҲǺѵˣԪ½ϣҲҲٵʦƳŵҩЦЦڵʮ⣬൤ʦܲµҩ컯Ҫд컯ϣȷʵܡԪ½ϣ컯ĳ֮⣬Ӧòᳬˡ
컯ǷǳĵҩȻֻ߼ҩΪһЩԭ컯ĵʧںܳһʱܶ˶Ϊ컯ܹˣ컯Ϊʷǰ½һϹż֣żڣ컯ĵٴ
컯ĵʦȻǼоͰס
졭ʮ֣ھίʱͻȻһ
ʮ֣
ʮţѵھ⣬Ҳʮ֣
Ȼھίδ˵˭õʮ֣ܵԺ󣬵һ뵽ģʮŵʦ
ţʮŵĵھȻʮ֣ûд©ھίͷ
ô˵ǰŵ⣬ʮŵõ˾ʮ֣
ڶأһʮţ
Ǿ˵ļһ
ȵһҪʮš
ίǷ׷׾̾ڣɫˡ
úͺˣ໥һۣû˵ʲô
֣Ĵ
ǣ浤ʦôûʼĵʮ
ɣ㿴ʮŵʮĴǶٷ֣ǰŸί棬ߴٵ
ʱȷʵδʼǰĴ
ż
Ϊʮ⣬Ҳ֪𰸡ʮⵤҩ컯沢ȷе֪컯ҪʲôϡǰŵĿб׼Ĵ𰸣ʮ⣬ûеġ
ĵʮҲ򵥡Ϊʮ˵ҩ֮⣬ʣµĵҩдλã϶ǿհס
Щʦ³ʮֵҩ컯Ҳд컯ҪĲϣ˵ддһͨһֲ϶дԵĻǿ϶ί»ӡİݴܰٷ֮ʮţڲдλãǿհסĵʮ⣬ٶȻܿ죬ҩдˣ͸ķ֣ȻͿԷһˡ
ίߴЦЦʼ
֣
ķ֣
֣
ķ֣
ķ֣
³컯ĵʦȷʵ٣ӦռһϡĹЩһ⣬ڲдλϣȫǿյġ
ܿģĵʮŴ
ף
һ۾ͿݴȻڲдλϣд˴𰸡
һ󣬲תĿǰ档
컯濴λϣдȷ֡
֣Σʮŵĵʮöٷ֣
ķ֣ǵõ˸֣
ίǣѯʡ
ңô֪˵ۡ
˶һ㶡ǾͶεЦղΪУǵˣʮֵҩ컯浤ʦҲ֪컯ҪĲϡ
ʦվԺ׹˹
Ŷ׿档
ʦݴд컯ҪĲϣ㿴ָһǰĴԶԺ˵
ԭĳӦǽеʮд˲ϲҴԵҩֵĴֳһ𽻸ĵģЩ⣬ʮŵʦǰŵⶼ֣ڵһʮҲ֣ãʦ׿Ҳ㿴ʮŵĵʮ
棬˵ʮŵʦĴ𣿡ü
ǵʦͷ
ţùҿɣװЦЦ
ڣҲΪʮŵʦԣȷĴ컯ҪĲϡԣ̬⡣


539 ڶ
潫Եĵʮ͸ס
ǶʲôץǸĴ׻ֶί
ЩίŶȻعǰĴ
ִ򿪾Եĵʮ
컯ͷ
Ҳ쳤ӣеĴڵҩ컯棬ȷʵдһ󴮵ơҲ컯ĲϣȻҲǵʦɽǱȽǿİ˼ʦ֮ƽƽҪʥǵݣǵʦݡ
⡭Ľƶ·ͫ͵һҲ΢΢һ¡
ע⵽쳣Ŀо
ףޱȵ棬Ŀ⣬ڴƶ
ôܣ׿е֮гԾĺһ
ݴĿ⣬ݹ㳡ǵݵӰ
ݴð಻סѯ˳
ſ򳣻á
Щ
ܿģ㿪˵ʮְɣ
ñϾһ̶ϴʥԺ׻治ʲô˵ҲûҪ
ԣɫҲһӱˡȻ컯ʲô
˵ݴʮ֣Ҳ˵ݴд컯ҪĲϡ
ʲô
Ȼ˵Ժ֪ܿ컯ĵԲ֪ô֪컯ƵĲϣ
һٷ֣˿ѹе𾪡
šʹߣҲ㣬Եݴҵı׼΢Щ롣룬ǳϸ΢ϸ룬þݴдĲϣҲƳ컯׳˵
ڵϵȷʵǼߵġ
һ˵ñ׺׵˼
Ĳϣ컯ʱõĲ΢Щ𡣿ǣǳϸСӦֻһֲϲֲͬϲͬһֲϲͬҲͬƳ컯
õ˵ͷ
׿˿ãûм˵ʲô
ʵϣе𾪣øͲ֪ΪԼյĵ컯ģȷʵǿԵġϵĲϣһݣڼڴ½Ҳŵ£컯٣ҲֻܳѰֲϣ֪òһ¯컯
дĲϣȴûֲϣһֲϡдֲϣȻҲǳ󣬵ڵ֮УֻҪԸ⸶㹻ʯǿõġþдĲϣ컯ô
Щȥˡ
ǣ컯ܴࡣ컯ˣǵʦҲܼٵ
ʦߣζʲô
ܺ⣡
Ԫ½ʮſ֮һҲҲʦߡǵʦΪߡԪ½ϣʦߣȫҲֻǧ˵ӡ
һʦߣԪ½ϣǿߡ
ͷת׶̽ԽйúѯһˡջǴͷ
ΪǵԵ󣬺ܿһλڵϱ׻ҪǿĵʦĻ޷⾰ô컯ĵ۽磬ΪдĲϻǺдġ
²ȻеҪ֪յ컯ϢһЩǿֶΡ
һԣҲҪԵĵʮǣվûпڡΪڿԵĴֱӾѾǱ̬ȡڣ׻ΪֹǣӦҪ󣬵϶Ĵ١
þãԼúײˡҪ֪ʥǰżߵĵλҪʥ̫æµ޷ʥӦġòԴˣ׶ҲΪԼƽƽһ죬ҲܳΪżʦ
ʱţ
ڣʮίдϡ
ҲİݴУ˲ļݣ͵ǰ濴һ飬ֻ˵һ仰ķ֣
ȻΪд컯ƲϵĴûһǽӽȷ𰸵ġ
ͳƷгǰһʦֺ롣
ʦǸʮŴǶٷ֣ԥʵ
ʮ֣˵
ղźĽ̸ͣʮίû
ѯʺ󣬺ǱȽϴģίЩĴҲúס
ˣϢһ
ʦʮţڵڶҲְٷ֣һʱ𺳵ٴη


540 ̭ˣ
ʱ߽ݹ㳡ϷǳԵ÷ǳ
߽ݹ㳡ϵߣڶóĵҩ컯ʱ֮ǳȴ˵һݵʮĴʮ֣Ҳ̫ˣ
ڳģ½еλǿߣǶ컯壬һԴõ컯ȴŪȴһμᵤʦд컯ҪĲϣ
һʱ䣬˵˼ٵתǶʶһ㣬Ժܿ컯ĵʶǵȻ뾰ԽӴȻŪʱȻ޷뾰ֱӽӴҪȵҵᡣ
컯ֻ߼ҩõڴ½컯ĵʦ;Բˡ
ʮŵʮʮ֣öٷ֣ʮίͳƣ׶˰֡
ǣʦŬѹе𾪣ίİμڶصĵʦȫͳ˳
ͳƹ󣬷ǰһĵʦһĿȻЩʦĵ
õ󣬱ɫ
һһڶصĽȻû˵ʦķֻһ뵤ʦӦֺ롣
ݹ㳡ϵİʦȫ۾˫۴ţŽ
ٽܵʦȻ˵ã˳˵أһֺ󣬶ʱüɫһ˷ܵ˵
᳤ϲϲ
Ǻǣϲˣ
̻Ļ᳤ЦŹϲȻֻǱ湦򣬼λ᳤У¶ϣ̻
ӦһͻȻ֮䣬ĿЦǿ
Ҹղ˵ʲôţǾԲܽأڿȷģ˵
ʱߣѾʮֺ֮룬ʮţûб
᳤̻񷽵ʦȷʵȻܽأ˵
߸ոֺ룬Ӧǽȸ̻񷽵ʦ
Եʦô£ôûкĺ룿ԼֺͷһϲЩɻΪ߾ȻûԵʮšĺ룬ھ֮󣬶Ѿˡ
ʱҲĺܣ˫üҲ֪ʲô⡣ҲȷԼǲܵõһٷ֣ɵõʮϾԲ⡣ʮֵĳɼѵܽأ
һ⣡
аתһʱ䣬Ҳȷʲô⡣
񷽵ʦϵĽݹ㳡ɣԿ˿˵
ţɫЩأǿٴӵݹ㳡ԾϵĽݹ㳡
صĵʦҪϵĽݹ㳡񷽲쾰ûнԼˣп϶Ƿǳϲõġڽ֮ǰԼܲܽһնûеġ
ô£ĿŸ̨
Ľݹ㳡ϣü壬ڰĳûκλӦ
Щţ
ܹƳһ¯߿һƷ弶ҩĵʦ޷أţ
ʵȴǣʮŵľԵʦȷʵûб
ĵʦ˳򣬿ɲǰճɼǰÿһʦӦֺ롣ʮţڰѾһٺ֮⣬һж˵Ա̭ˡ
᳤Ҳ̫ʧ
ǾȻûнأôҲ˵ڶأҲܸź̻һЩǧʯȫ˷ˡ
˵Եʦı֣ѾҵԤء֪ܽڶأҾͲֻԸ֧ʮʯˣҿܻ֧һʯͣ
ȻûлӦȻЦ˵šⷬڰοӣǻеķ̣˭óԸ֧ʯȴ֧ǧʯⲻڳЦ
᳤㻨ǧʯ뾰ԵʦԣЩֵá\᳤һҡҡͷ˵
ǧʯź̻ᣬҲʲôޱ˵
̻Ͷ̻Ļ᳤һۣ˵û˵ʲôڿһۺ󣬱㽫עڵݹ㳡ϡǶź̻ûʧģǹĵ̻ĴԵʦмܽء
ߺֺٶȺܿ졣
ʮʦԾϵĽݹ㳡
ʮʦԾϵĽݹ㳡
ʮʦԾϵĽݹ㳡
ʮʦԾϵĽݹ㳡
Ľ׶ΣߵټһЩڣǺ˵һʦֺ롣һʦϴ˷ܵϲñ飬ٴӵݹ㳡ԾϵĽݹ㳡


541 ʮƼ¼
᳤ǽȸ̻ᣬٽܵʦ֮⣬¹ⵤʦҲ˳ˣȸ̻һ£ϲ̵˵
ţ¹ⵤʦַǳãֵǽȸ̻ص졣
Ȼ˵ĺܣ
ע⵽̻ĵʦҲֻ˵ءʦҲϵãбȽһ£ʦһ¹࣬һ˱ȳ¹ǿٽܵʦǲ˲١
ٽܵʦʵ㵤ġٽܵʦĽǰʮ㵤ǶԽȸ̻϶Ƿǳ˵ȸ̻ܽ˻ᣬԽ̻ᣬΪڶ̻ᡣ
뵽ЩȻ˵ĺܡ
̻ᣬǵ޷ĵһ̻ᡣΪ̻ԵĵʦУ˽˵ء֮У˶ǲٽܲʦϣ㵤
ĵ\̻ᣬֻһʦء
᳤϶⣬ҲžԻᱻ̭ⲻܡɫ࣬˵
ƶԾԵģɲܱȡþԵ㵤񲻻κ⣬Խǰ嶼пܵġ
ھڵڶؾͱ̭ȻòбȻ⡣
ţ˵ͷҲòԾǡ
ʵ벻ͨҪ˵ί˴ƺҲǲܵ顣ίǣҲԾԡ
᳤Ҳ٣ҵĵ񷽣Ҳ˵ءâתĿ㣬˵
âʱ鲻ӽأʦҲй⡣
񷽵ʦΪ̻ˣҪ񷽵ʦ׷ӽ㿴âͷ˵
Ǻǣӣڵȷʵڶʮڣܿܽʦâ˵һ䡣
ϱ̭ĵʦ½еʦȻԾ¡
ʮŵʦϵĽݹ㳡ʱ򣬰ߣ˵һ仰
ǰ棬Ѿһٸֺ룬Ҳһʦˡ
ҶΪѾˣȴû뵽ͻȻһֺ롣ֺ룬ʮš
ʲô
ʮŵϵĽݹ㳡˼˵ʮŽ𣿿˵أΪ֮ǰὫʮ©ȥ
߳ʧ
Բܣ
ôΪҪԴʮţ
ڵݹ㳡ϵľԣ˼ŵǳʲô⣬Լ˭ѯʡͻȻ߽гԼĶӦʮţɫ΢΢һ߽ݹ㳡İߡ
סˣ
Ǵ۾ԲĿȫǲţ
\᳤Ҳɵˣ
̻ᡢ̻Ļ᳤ͬݣ
ݹ㳡ϵˣʮߣд󲿷ϵı鶼̫Ծ
Ǻǡ
кܶˣΪһʮŵʦɻ󣡡
Ҿ˵˵⣬ԭ򣡡
ʮŵʦڵһرҩУõһٷ֡һݣȫ˳һ©
߲˵
˻˻~
ʲôôܣ
һһٷ֣ûд©ʮİĺܰĵʦ
Ⱥһӷ
ڵһصõĲһٷֶǾʮŷ֣˻ҲԾɾԲ𾪡
⻰ƲƲЦЦ׼
᳤ҲЦа仰ǾԵʦȫˣԵʦϵķΣź̻Ŷô˶žԵʦȻҲܿź֡
ʮŵʦڵڶر浤֮УҲͬõһٷ֣֣߼˵
ڵһرҩ͵ڶر浤֮Уõһٷ֡ʷϣδֹԣǺҲŹʮŵʦʮŵʦһ¼¼΢Ц˵Ŀžԡ
ȻҲ֣ĵͷ
Ҫǲ˵ҲȷԼǲ֡ڣͿȷˣǬ̺Ϣȷʵģڴ
Դʱǵĺܡ
㳡ϵˣȫڻ֮ˡ
ôܣ
ôܣ
ҲţҲڱҩͱ浤֮жõ֡һʮʲôǰ֪˴𰸣
ǰ֪𰸣ڿЦ㵱׳ͳʹʲôˣҩͱ浤أǺ׳볣ʹ߹ͬ߻ģǻôй¶
ţҲ˵һЩϢ˵ʮλίҲ󣬲֪ԣ𰸲й¶ȥ
᳤ʮźΪź̻Եģλʦʲôͷʶ˹ڳѯʡ


542 
ˣź᳤̻㡣
ʱȫעĽ㣬ϵķΣΪź̻ԡ
˶֪һź̻Ҫˡ
һ̻Ҫʲô
Ȼ⣡󣬲иԸ⡣
ʮŵʦǾԵʦԵʦź̻ڲʦڱϣԵʦȷʵΪź̻ԣЦº͡
ھԵʦݺҲ˵̫ࡣֻܸλԵʦǴĵʦڲ֮ǰҵõһԣ˵дӣҲ֪Ϣмʵԡһ˵
Ŀ˿㡣
дô֪
дӣӦ֪ġȻҲܴȷʵ뱻˴ţϢûдôõһԵģ
ͷһתϾˡ
仰ȫСȷʵǷǳˣҲ˵ˣֻǴԣϢʵȫ޷ȷϡ
Ѿ㹻ˡ
ƵȻֲ²⣬ĻҲкôУ־ͱˡ
ܵȺھݵļžٶȷ
ǿǾżʦ
żʦԪ½ݾжߣӵ֮ǳϾͿɼһߡ
᳤˼˵ԵʦпǴĵӣȺ˴ʡ
治֪ԵʦҲû˵̫ࡣ룬˴ֵ̳ĵӣ˭ĵһغ͵ڶضأ΢Ц˵
ԣһǴĵӣ
Եʦһ¼¼дʦ޷쵽
᳤ðź̻ĳЩչ֪˼һߣʵ
Ȼӭź̻ᣬһк򿪴šĿ
᳤ҡ
̶ʱڣһЩССҪź̻չЩУðΪࡣ
Ԫ½ϣðǻȡԴУðŻǳԴĴͷһǹԴĴͷ
λҾòһͬȥź̸̻ܲϸڣתĿܵ˵
ã
ô죡˷׷Ӧ
ȻھͱҪź̻ԽСġЩ϶ͱ̬ź̻Ҳ޷ż飬Ҫһʱ顣
ȸ᳤̻ʱӶҪˡ
һʼʱ򣬾ֱȥź̻ᣬ˵ĺڡǣȥȸ̻ᣬûи辰أ֧ʮʯĳֱͣ辰ԡ
ʱ̬ȲôӸ£Ը֧ı꣬ǻԵľͲź̻ᣬǽȸ̻ˡ
ںް
ȻŸոսڶأѳΪȫĽ㣬ŴԵź̻ᣬҲ
ɶ񰡣
ҧ֪ЩѾˡʱͷ㣬жʱһ޷ƵĶʼ֮ãڽȸ̻ĶǸľԣôʱû˵Լأ˵ˣᵡ
ʵʱҲþԿĴĵӡҪȻԻõһءڶ֣ʵ޷͡ΨһĿܣǾԵʦǴֻдϤĵ̵ĵʦſּʶ

Ŀоһ
᳤ϲ㰡㹰˹֡
л᳤ڰ᳤ź̻뾰Եʦǿ˰ɣ㵱ȻǸղŰڿࡣ
зĻᣬҲκε
ĻɫһڣЦҲǾǧģƤԵǲûбֳû˵ӡ
ԵʦȷʵֵǧʯڵأԵʦ¾ͲˡԵʦֻжʮͣд̣ϵҲ߲ȥٸԵʦʮʱܵ㵤񡣡˵
žԵʦԵ㵤񡣡ʱԾԵļ
ΪʦμʦȻдԼʮˣ㵤ֻǰʮܵϣãԾԵһǰʮ
᳤ģĹǿһǲžԵʦܵ㵤̫ˡǶ֪Ҫʱ۵ġ֡
˵ЩĿĵģȸ̻ע


543 ʲô
̻ȼ̻Ļ᳤Ҳϲһʲô뷨Ҫϵͦȵġ
᳤â͡
˵ź̻٣âһڴʵЩ಻סˡԵı֣Ԥ̫ࡣ
̻£ź̻зݶģ̻ˣõҲࡣ
ڻ˵ҪԵʦܲܵϱ㵤񡣲㲻㵤أ̻ҲɡҲ˵
ôߣâһ
ɣɲһС֡Ҫ֪ź̻Ȼǵ̻СģÿҲǷǳ֮ߵġɣǺܾˡ
˵ź̻ᣬȫ\̻ˣâЩૡ
ⲻ󣡡Ҳ͸˷ܡ
ȾԵ㵤Ƕź̻չٴδȵߡܣϵӪҵ
Ľݹ㳡ϣһһصĵʦȴŵʼ
֮һһʦΪһ͵һһʦͬʦˡ
΢׼յʱ󣬰߱㿪ʼؿʼ
һΣߣᵽĽ
ʦǣҪϲǣأ
һһʦڵرΣܵõһĽ
ʮһʮԵõһǧöƷʯ
ʮһһһԵõöƷʯ
ʮһʮԵõʮ񵤽ԼһǧöƷʯ
ʮԵõ

ߣһһ˵ܻõĽ
ĽǷǳġԽǰõĽԽǾˡǰʦܵõ컯
ЩҲޱȵڴ
ڵ龳۷弫ޣѾͣ˲̵ʱ䡣εõһ컯˵ֱͻƵʦΪ
ĵһõ컯һţƷʯǧöԼһԴߣ˵һܻõĽ
еԴĵʦĿжƺҪԴڵʦջ󣬺󡣶Ԫ½ϣӵԴĵʦȴ֮١ԴǷǳϡеĶڵ֮УҲûԴ
ЩҵˣԴҲó
˵ʵ֮ϣвֵҵĵʦǰǵĿģԴ˵컯Щĵ˵ûзǳǿԴȴͬΪõԴǿԲϧۡ
˵ǧöƷʯҲʲôǧöƷʯҲǼֵǧͨʯ
ȻһܵõԴô;ɣ۾аȻҲõԴޱĶ
֪Դ԰ﵤʦʱҩƷʡڣѾƳƷʵĵҩԴⵤҩƷʣܴﵽ̶ֳȣ
߻º󣬶ԱĽݹ㳡
һ¯ڷųһһһʦṩĵ¯ȴֻжʮ
Ȼ󲿷ֵĵʦԼר¯ǲʹõṩĵ¯
ṩĵ¯ƷȻܽصĵʦûһģд󱳾ĵ¯ȵṩĵ¯ƷʻҪãǵȻԸʹõĵ¯
ʦǿʹԼĵ¯Ҳʹõṩĵ¯뵤ʦѡ¯˳˵һ䡣
ʵϣΪеʦѡ񵤹ṩĵ¯
ľ鿴ȷʵҲûеʦѡ񵤹ṩ¯ʦǣʹԼЯĵ¯
ֻǰչ˵һ仰
Լĵ¯ôҲóˡ
Կ˿ң֣ûеʦǰȡߵṩĵ¯
ҡҡͷ
Ǭ¯ǲҪóΪáȻͷǬ¯ϵشŪûֻġ
ˣõṩĵ¯ɡ
߲ûеȴãҪ˵ڵϸڡǣ֮ǰȻĽݹ㳡һӰ
ţ
ô£
ǲʮŵʦ򵤹ṩĵ¯
ɣѵҪõṩĵ¯Լûר¯
ȺЩžԣߣЩҲʮίԼáǡ
ȷʵߵ¯֮ǰȡһ
ʲôǸʮţҪʹõṩĵ¯ô˼ӿ
Ľݹ㳡ϵ൤ʦҲžԡֻ񷽣˼ź̻ܲ뾰ԱԹһξҲ̻ṩһ¯


544 ٶ
ֻͨصĵʦʹõ֮ṩĵ¯ҲһۣԲȻ󲨡
ڴҶڴ⾰ԵıΪмΪǿʦǴֱݣôûԼר¯أ
˵ԼҪʹר¯ֻõṩĵ¯ͿԺɨʦ
ݹ㳡糱ˮӡ
˵Ľݹ㳡ЩҲĿ⿴žԣ˽֮дš
ʱվǰİٴοڡ
ʦǣأҪԸ˵һ£Ĺ򡣡
أΪ׶Ρһ׶Σ֮нǰʮڶ׶ΣǰʮΪ׼ȷ
ڣеʦҪƳһ¯㵤һ¯ȫ
ʱ䣬Ϊʱ
ίǣƳҩƷжǰʮʦ
ʱʼ߻Ӷֱۡ
ԱѸٵĽһݷݲϣ͵һһʦС
㵤һļҩȫһ弶ҩֵҩǺ𣬿˵ֻҪ弶ʦ϶ơ˵վڵĽݹ㳡ϵĵʦмʦеֵ̳ҩӦòκ⡣
ؼǣƳĵҩʲôƷж
һһʦܿרעóԼר¯
ʱֻʱǵȻҵһ˿һʱ䡣
㵤ȫҶƹΡֵҩƲѣһ¯Ƴ߰˿źɡң¯ҩҲһʱ
ôǲӦãŬһԿƳƷʵĵҩأ
ûмſʼڿǡ
㵤ȫȻȽϼ򵥵ĵҩҪƳƷʵģǶھ˵ҲǼ򵥵顣ƹĵҩƷʵģҲֻżſɼ
ƳƷʵĵҩҪǳרעķ񡣵ȻˣҲδܳɹƳҩ
ǰʮӦû⡣ôһ׶Σķ˴ǲЩòʧأ
ˣ˳Ȼɣ¯ҩҾһ¡һҵĿꡣڻҡҡͷ
ԣʼƻ㵤
ԵĶ߽ݹ㳡ϣüͷ
Ϊԣ̫ˡһݣ½뵤¯Ȿûʲô⣬ɾԵĶͺںҵĶѻݡ
ô
Ҳü
㿴ʮŵʦԣƳɹ𣿡˫ü壬ߵĺ׵
ױͬЩ졣
ԵʦַȷʵǺر𰡣Ҳ֪˵ʲô
ҪǰʮЩѶȰ⣬ƳɹƷҲֹ̫ۡҡҡͷ
˵ЩΪʱ磬ҪҩƳٿ˵
Ҳǣõͷ

᳤㿴Ǿʲôȸ̻£ָžԣɴ۾´½һ㡣
ʵ˵ҲһֱעžԵĶ
ʱһ˵Ц
λܹ˹֡
ղкܶкܾۼߣġһڣ˾Ͷ
Ҹղ˵Ϊź̻ԵľԵʦ̫ᣬƵҩϵǷȱǿԵʦĶȻ˵ûдЦݣĿ͸һɵ֮ɫ
ǲдʦȷʵǶʱȡü߳ɾ͵ġҾãԵʦܻʧܡϾ̫ˣ츳ܸߣٺõʣҲҪʱ˵
᳤˵ЩƺǷȱǡδ˭Ҳܿ϶ԵʦУǲǿΪڮپԵʦź̻᣿㲻ֳܱĬˣü΢Űʡ
ɰ˵ȥǱضӰ쵽ź̻
᳤ֻ˵һʵӦûջ෴ĸΪ˷
ȻǸȸ̻ĺûᡣ
᳤ղѾ۹Եʦÿһ㶼˵ˡ㣬ڿ϶ͣἱԷҲʵ̲סˣź̻ˣԭҲͽ̻İ̫ˡ
ǺǣǾĿԴɨһ۵Ľݹ㳡
֣Ѿһ¯㵤Ҫݣȫ˵¯жʱϲΪĵʦǰгһĻ㵤ݡԵĶ̫ˣƵҩضкõĳɼ


545 մɵ
ǿĵʦҲϤЩ꣬ûͬġ
϶Եɼ϶ܺáٶܳɵƷҲԲС
Ѿ׼ãһɼ֮󣬾ͺݺݵĽź̻;ԡȻǰصıָź̻˺ܴѾɱ⣬ôź̻
ܵˣһЩԵ˽ˣҲʶĵͷ
ԵĶٶȣȷʵ̫ˡҪȵĽݹ㳡ϵʦһֹӣ
һʱ
ˣ
¯ȡ
΢΢Ӧ㵤ϡһ㿪¯㵤ȡǰһ֮ڡ
ÿһʦǰаڷźõС
ʦڽҩƺúҪҩ֮ڣͿ̶ȱ֤ҩЧʧ
֪ԼĻ㵤κ⣬ҲҪ۲졣Ԫӿ¯֮еĻ㵤Լٶȱ뵽֮ڡ
˶ڶžԵĶ
ǿԿ¯ȡ󣬲ɵֿʼ
ʲô
ѵһ¯ҩѾƽˣ
ʱĵʦǰݶδȡϣԾѾ¯ȡˣ
ⲻǿЦ
ǵĲͱ֤ʵڿ¯ȡھԵĶ̫ѸݣǸüǰ¯֮еĵҩѾ֮ڡ
ǿ𣿡
ʮŵʦ㵤Ƴɹ𣿡
ֻģһЩƺ͵ĵҩɵţҩʲôƷʣҾͲ֪ˡ
ǡ
¶ı顣
ǻûлعʱ򣬾Ծõ¯еĲֿʼƵڶ¯ҩȫ֮ǰһȻͿ١
ƹһ¯ҩ󣬾ȻûϢһ»ָһ
ܿģ弶ҩȫݣͶ롣
ʱ߽ݹ㳡ʮίЩɵۣǶ붼ɴ۾ŵĿžԡǶǰ˼ʦе̳ҲжҡôãûܹôԵġ
λô濴˿ߵˣ̲סʡ
棬̲סˡ
ȻûָգίҲ֪˼ָ˭
㵤¯ʱҿúϸûĻӦ߿ŵҩͣһίתĿ˵
ղžյٶȷʵ죬Щʵǳǿ˵ǵǷǳģԻǿԿȡҩ
ΨһȷǣЩҩкûɢ
ʦƵҩͲǽҪȹͳɹĻǿ¯ʱ򣬵ҩȷʵǳɵˡǣЩҩпܲȹ̡ȹ̵ĵҩڿ¯ȡ󣬻ںܶʱɢ
ίǿȡ뵽УǲȷԷڵĵҩûȹֻ̡ȹ̵ĵҩǳɹƵĵҩ
ţȷʵ߿ŵҩֻͣǲ֪ûɢġһίͷ
ƻ㵤ӿʼ˶ʱ䣿ίʡ
Ӧһҵʱ䣡˻Ӧ
һʱʱ䡣
¯ҩһʱʱ䣬ȴֻһʱ䣬ͽ˵һ¯ҩ㵤ơ
ί۵ʱ򣬾Կûô࣬תǬϵĴ߶Ԫȡȫݾᴿ͡
һʱ䡣
ˣ
ٴκһ
תĿ˿ĵʦЩʦڽл㵤ơЩʦǰȻƻ㵤Ĳݡ
ҡҡͷ¯ȡ
һƬ̹ȫ㱻ȡ뵽ڶ֮ڡ
иϣԱ۾ȥ¯ҩѾƽֻҪʱ䵽ˣԱҩȡ߱Ϊּɡ
ЩԽ¯ҩƵߣȫմɵˣ
¯ҩһ˰ʱʱ䡣
ôƵҩ
ŪһӦµİɣ
вˣ̳ȥʾԵǲǿǰڣûгɹƳĵҩȻǲġĽݹ㳡ϳ˾֮⻹һʦǾٺ棬ҲȥӰ쵽ʦƵҩ
ʵڲ֪˵ʲôˣһίҡҡͷ˵һ䡣
Ҳ֪˵ʲô
ǰ˵ʲôأʱڣ¯ҩһ¯㵤һ¯ȫ˵ʱʱ䣬ҿ϶һίԳЦЦ
ٶȿ죬˵ʲôҪҩƷʡһŮί˵


546 
ϵʮίУֻһŮԡ
ʱŮίĻλίǶͷ
ȵĿɲٶȣҪҩֻҪڣôٶһЩҲ⡣
ȻżһʮŵʦԵٶȣȻѲǰô𾪡
ʱʱ䣬Ǻ̵ܶģǶеĵʦ˵
һһʦǶ˻㵤ȫơʱ䵽˺󣬰еʦֹͣжǼδȫƳĵʦҲֻܲĵͣ
ԱʼȡÿһʦǰС
УһУ뵤ʦĶӦơ
еУߺܿͶ͵߽ݹ㳡ϣİڷʮίǰ
õʦϢȺίԵҩ֡
ԵʦǲܽǰʮˡԵʦ㣬ǰʮӦûκɣǰ
ֻ弶ʦԼҲȽ֪Լǲлǰʮһɼͻᱻ̭
ܽأҲΪˡ
񷽵ĻЦŵ˵ͷڵϣָ࣬񷽵Ҳ֪Ļȷʵ̫ŵǰʮ֮ڡ
Եʦ㵤ȫ㶼ƳٿţڴѯʣЩ档
뾰ԱӢʱ򣬾һ¯Ƴ߿һƷʵӢòᡣãƻ㵤ȫҲԲ٣ƷҲ̫
߿Ż㵤˿ȫԻӦ
ûʲôҪģһίֺ󣬽ڳ˶֪
Ȼ׼ɵ˵񷽻ǵһ
ֻ֪˰ʱʱͽҪȻ»ᱻιȥЩţžԵĻûκλɡ
Եʦǰʮûκˡ񷽻ع󣬳ϿҵĹϲԡ
Բѣ
ʱһĵʦȴ˾һۣбĵ
ûָգԣ˵ľǾԡ
ü˶Էһۡ
СӣҪΪһءڶرֳɫͺˡɲô򵥡˼ԿԼЦ˵һ䡣
ʶ𣿡Ҳ΢΢۾
㲻ʶң˺ǳĳԾ
ȷʵʶ֪ǺηʥƲƲ졣
ߣǷҵĵʦҷң֪ɣ˸߰İͷԵ
ң˵ͷ
Ԫ½ҷң֪ģʦܴҲμ䣬Ӧò͡
ңڵȷʵǿʮίУһǷҵĵʦ
ԣңСӣղ˵߿Ż㵤Ͱ˿ȫҵʦ
ɲ͡
ڵĽݹ㳡ϵĵʦĿ⿴ԺͷҵʦһЩʦֱΧ
֣ղ˵ʲô˵˭߿Ż㵤Ͱ˿ȫһʦ˵ŴȤ
Ǵ˰
ʮţһءڶֵļһҵʦָž˵
СڿЦɣ
߿Ż㵤˿ȫô˵˾ſŻ㵤;ſȫЦ˵
һ¯ҩɳɵſšֻϵġڴ½ϣ˭Լһ¯Ƴſŵҩ
߿š˿ŵҩһЩǿĵʦż
ǣڳĵʦ弶ģʱҲƣҪһ¯߿š˿ŵҩǼֱ췽ҹ̷
λ֪Сӿĺء֮ǰкģжô˲һȸ̻ٽܣȺ˵
ͿԲ˳ˡ
ĿɨܵĵʦǷЦ
ǲżһɼˣȻ֪ˡλٽܵĵʦҴкҾͱӦ㣿ԿٽЦ˵
㡭
Сӣ㲻Ҫ̫ˣٽɫǺ죬žԣĵ
ôҲΪᵤʦֱⷬûӣġ

һʮŵʦ߰ʮ֣
ʱ򣬰ߣѾʼʦǵõķ
Ľݹ㳡ϵĵʦһӶĿ⿴߽ݹ㳡
߰ʮ֣
ôߵķԲʮ˽Ĺ֪ģǰֶһٷ֣Уȴֱһ߰ʮֵĸ߷֡ѵһǧֲɣһǧֵĻ߰ʮ֣ȻҲǷǳߵķˡ


547 һ
ͷһ
һʮţǸҵĵʦ
Կ򷽼ʦȻ¶һĨЦݡȷʵǲˡ
֣ϲ
ϲϲ߰ʮ֣ӦȽǰʮ˰ɣ
ҵĵʦ
һƬά˷
ллλҵʦܹ˹֡
ƳŻ㵤ȫɼȷʵǱȽˡҵʦΪ˵
ֹȻҲƳŻ㵤Ŀȫܹٷ־ˡһĵʦ˵
ұȷ־Ͳ˸࣬ҲƳĿŻ㵤Ŀȫٽܵʦҡҡͷ·Ǹ̾ԼĳɼáĿУЩġ
óĿŻ㵤ĿȫĳɼҲѾܲˡ
񷽵ʦʲôǶٷ֣Զߵѯʡ

ŶģǸݵҩƷжġһŵҩһٷ֡˵һŻ㵤һȵģǾʮ֡ԵʦƳ߿Ż㵤Ͱ˿ȫһƷʣôһǧٷ֡
˵׶Уһǧ˰ٷ֣ҲƳſŻ㵤;ſȫûһ㣬Ǻ״Ҳ񷽸Խ͡
ŶˣԵ˵ͷ
ղеʦ˵ʦ߰ʮ֣Žǰʮ
Լķ
Ȼûв鿴ԼƵĻ㵤ȫʲôƷҲиţһǧӦǺ׵ġ
ֿ˷ҵʦһۣһ쵰Լһǧֵķ֪᲻
ʮŵʦٶʮ֣
ʮŵʦʮ֣
ߣϱʦǵķģΪίֺͰ֣߱ʵʱеġίǶԵʦƵĵҩһ߾͸̱һ
ʮίͬһʦƳĵҩ֣ٶԽһһʦƵĵҩҪһ֡
ʮŵʦپʮֱ֣һ
ٽɫ΢΢Щ仯ʮţˡ
ٽܵʦϲˣǰʮĿԺܴ󰡡ٽܵʦ㼴㵤˰һٽʶģҲǵĵʦЦŶٽ˵
˵ЩѶȣپʮ֣͵ÿˡٽҡҡͷ˵
ľ飬پʮȷʵһˮ롣ܽǰʮþͿܱ̭
һϲãȻˡЩٷ֡İٷֵĵʦûκϣˣǵɫܺÿŹ֡
ʮŵʦٷ֣
ʮţ񷽡
񷽺һ
֪ԼûпܽǰʮٷֵĳɼҲˣٲ̫ѿҪֻ֪һ弶ʦûнʦܽʦĻôεõ߰ٷӦû⣬Ҳܽǰʮ
񷽲ʮͣڳ൤ʦСöࡣƳһʮĻμ䣬ܽ㵤
ˣܶʱûйƽԣֻ˵Ǻܺãûõʱ䡣
񷽵ʦɼҲˡЦЦο񷽡
ԵʦҲûʲôʧ˵ʵҪǾԵʦڵָ£ҵ٣ҿ϶òٷ֣Ҳİٷҡܵõٷ֣ѾˡҲЦŶԾԵ
ţҲĻ
߽ݹ㳡ϡ

ȷʵʦھȻ߿Ż㵤
쿴Ƕٺŵʦ
ţһʮ˺ŵʦʦ
ҵŵʦȻһ¯Ƴ߿Ż㵤Ŷʦȿɣҵĵţ
һίЦΨһŮί˵
ŮίǵҵĳԱ
ңǵʦǹϵĴ½ϵһҡУ˼ʦкЩĵңңǲһΡңҲǷǳϵһ壬˵ڣֹλ
ҾȿһƵĵҩƷ˵ͷ
̬ϿԿʱǳıֳɫҲй⡣
һ¯Ƴ߿Ż㵤ɼӦǱõ˰ɣ
һƷʣŶƷʣܿͽҩƷʼλҲһ°ɣ
λίǰһ˵ȷʵһƷʺŶƷʡ
ٿڶеȫ
ίǣĵڶС


548 Եķ
߿ŵҩ
ĵڶڵҩȫһڵҩ㵤ͬ
ò˵ĵʦȷʵǷǳǿʱڣ¯ҩÿһ¯ɵ߿ţһֱļҩ弶ҩֳɼ߼ʦ¶
ίڶڵĵҩĿϲǲûбֳ̫⣬ȻȽڵĳɼӦҲԤ֮еġ
βμ䣬ĿǵõԴ
ʦʦѾ߼ʦ˰ɣһίʵ
ڻûУȻʦڵϵҪ߼ʦӦòѡͻѰһᣬ̤߼ʦ֮СЦЦ˵
ǵţ
ǷҪžͺˡ
Ϊĵʦ󣬿º׳ͻΪ״ˣһ˹Ц
ڿЦ
ί⻰ȴͷЩм屳ί¶Ľı顣
ȷʵ֪кܴᣬΪ֮Ǻ׳ĵӡһôֻҪ⣬ԿԳΪΪɫİ˼ʦ
Ϊ̫ѣɳΪ˼ʦкָĵ츳ⲻ
ʦȿЩȫɣ˵
ãӦһ䡣
һƷʣŶƷʣܿͲϣ˵
ֹô¯ҩķȵĳһǧ֡ʮһƷʵĵҩһǧ֣ټĿŶƷʵĵҩٷ֣һһǧٷ֡
һУõһˣ
ίҲѸٲƵĵҩһί˵
ţһӦûˡһǧٷֵĸ߷֣̫ʦԳ
Ҽǵһϣ׶εʦ߷Ÿոչһǧ֣һǧһٷֶ
ţȷʵûһǧһٷ֡
ίͷ˵
ٺŵʦһǧٷ֣ߣ߽ݹ㳡ϣٺŵʦҲʦķ

Ľݹ㳡Ȼ
Ľݹ㳡ͬһƬӡ
֮ǰķļٷ֣͵Ķٷ֣ߵҲû˰ٷ֡ͻȻðһһǧٷֵĸ߷֣䶯ҲǱȻ
ٺŵʦǲҵʦ𣿡
˵ʦǿڿԲ٣ȷʵޱǿ󣡡
һǧٷ֣²μĵʦУܳԽɣ
˵ʦҲ󣬺ʮҡʦƺ뿪ңʮûй¶Σ
Ȼĵʦоϣ϶ᵽͷ¶氡Ľݹ㳡ʮ۷׷ס
Щ۵ͬʱίǼ֡Ϊĳɼ֣ΪǽԵʦƵĵҩʧȥ˺ܶȤ֮󣬺ܿһõŰٷֵĸ߷ֳ֣ûķ졣
ڵĽݹ㳡ϣ൤ʦΧһʦܣάֺţ˾ҵ
΢΢۾ȥ˵ҲĻӦȻ̬Уһ־ǧ֮ĸоɱȴԵø߰Ҳʦ
Ҳǵһң񷽺;ԣȻûΧȥ񷽵˵
ţһǧٷ֣ǺܸߵķˡԵͷ˵
ûоԵʦ㣬ܿ׶ζõһء˵ϧоԵʦڣĵһǵòˡ
Ǻǣȷ˵ɣҲȷԼܵõٷ֡һЦ˵
߽ݹ㳡ϣίִһС
߿ŵҩ߿ţеίһ
һ¯ҩɵ߿ţȻô׼ġίѾ߰ʮʦķЩʦڣֻһʦڣ߿ŵҩ
ڣֳһ¯߿ŵҩ
Ŷ
˭
ίһʱȤ
ίֺƿһۣסˣ۾ɴ
ʮţǸľԵʦίз̾
ʮţίһΧ£˹ίеֺƣȷʵʮû
Եʦǹİڵһءڶضõ֣صĵһ׶Σ־ȻҲôǿңǽ˰ʱʱ䣬ͽ
ǰ֮ǰҼһ¯ĵҩУΪɢһ֣û뵽߿ŵҩɵˣί˵֮ǰʱ


549 ˵ķ
쿴㵤Ʒһίߴ١
˵
ţͽڵĻ㵤ȡϸļ
һȣ
һȣһȣ

߿ŵҩȫһƷʣ潫߿Ż㵤ϡ
ί鶼ľˣ
Ŀ߿Ż㵤
֮ǰƵҩʱȫúƻ㵤ȫֱ˴Լһʱ䡣Ҳ˵Ժķһʱ䣬Ƴ߿һƷʵĻ㵤
Щ˼
ǣ浤ʦԼĽܳǺһ㡣浤ʦڴ½ϵǷǳߵģʮίУ浤ʦӦߡ
ôܣƬ̣žڡ
Ҳɣ潫㵤ί
Ȼ浤ʦƵĻ㵤ȷʵһƷʣ޴
һҪˣ
ǰҶ֪ô˵ˣΪһֵֹֹĸоԣֻжʮͣôѧϰģ
߿һƷʻ㵤߰ٷ֣⡭⡭
ղ˶Ϊʦһǧٷ֣Ӧȶ׶εĵһˡȴû뵽Եʦһ¯ҩ͵õ߰ٷ֡Ҳ˵ƵȫֻҪõٷ֣ܸʦ
ǻʲôԵʦȫɣ˵
һΣ浤ʦԴ򿪾ԵĵڶС
˿ԲɢŹĵҩڵڶ֮ڡ
ˡ˿ţ棬Ŀɿڴʡ
֣˿ȫƷɣ˵
һ𿴰ɣҡҡͷ
ίһͬ
һȵģ
ţҲһƷ޴
ͬһȣ

ܿģ˿ŵҩͶ˳ȫһȡ˿ȫ˰ٷ֮֡ǰ߰ٷ֣һһǧٷ֣
¯ҩһǧ˰ٷֻ֣֣ϲŴڵġҶǴԳ֣Ҳܵõֻ֡Ϲŵ伮мصյ߾ĵ񣬲ܵõְɡ
Ԫ½ϣǲڵġҲֻڵ伮ϣſһĵʦ˵ƳƷʵĵҩһֿط쵤ҩ
¯ҩõһǧٷ֣Ѿ
ʮίתͷԼ¯ҩҲòһǧٷֵĸ߷֡
ÿ˿ף
ҲתĿ򳣻ã
ҲˣԵʦֻжʮ꣬Ϊϣ޷ʦȡû뵽׵Щꡣ
ȷʵΪڵؿֲܱܳʣȻԿǴĵӣԱϾ̫ᡣҪʱȥȥ㹻ĵ̡д̵ҪһʮʱӵкǿҲ̫ܡ
ڵĽȴ֤֮ǰ뷨Ǵġ
׳뾰Եʦ̸һ̸𣿡ίʵ
ݣ㲻ҲȫԺ;̸̸Ϊ˱ʾԺ׵أûϾǵģײˡ
⵱Ȼԣ׵͵ͷͬ⡣
ǺǣԽԽڴˡղһΪܵ㵤񡣿ڣҾþԵʦܿܶĵһЦ˵
ʹߣ뷨Ҳ뷨ˣֻһʦ뾰Сһˡ۾Ľݹ㳡ϵľԡ
ߣʱһ
ʮŵʦ
ߣ⽫
ʱ򣬾΢΢һĿҲߡʮţԼȻķҲˡ
ߵ񷽣Ҳɫ΢΢ɫ߽ݹ㳡Ҳ棬Եʦܵõٷ֡
Ľݹ㳡ҲһӰղŰͨʦʱǿûаΪǰر̫ҫۣǵǱʶУڴţҪ֪ԵΡ
᳤ź̻ľԷҪˡ㣬ǴŹЦݡ
̻ᡢ̻\̻Ļ᳤Ҳ߽࣬ݹ㳡Ű߱Եķ
ʮŵʦķšߣƺڹθڡ
ô£
֮ǰһʦķǺܿġһΣôĥĥģ˵ֹ
᳤̻ľԵʦ̫ˣ˲˼˰ɣѵ֣һ˵
ֿԺܴ󣬾԰ʱ¯ҩôʱȷʵܿȫʧˡ


550 ǵһ
Եķ֣ôź̻ضһĳҲڵһصڶصõΪź̻ܴ󲿷֡
ˣ˷ĿƵζҲԽԽԡ
Եʦְɣ
ֿܣٶ̫죬Ҳ̫⣬ҵǲ⡣
ҸղŻź̻⣬ڡ
ˣʼҡͷ
һǧٷ֣ߣںһ֣
ûǴġ
֮ǰʦʱǴ߶Ԫɢݹ㳡һΣֱӴȻͬʱ߶Ԫɢ
ݹ㳡Ϊ֮һ
Ľݹ㳡ϣٽԼҵʦˣղŻмɨžԣɵɫһӱɷס
һǧٷ֣һǧٷ֣
Եǳݡ
ȻȾԴ࣬ɵһ;ȵĿɲ͡һǴΪȡڵϵʵ˦ʮ֮ԶãڵϵҪʦâࡣ
ʱľԵǵȻúܡ
ȻûмԼƳĵҩɵΣÿһ¯ҩʲôƷģܸоóԾ㲻飬Ҳ֪ԼķӦһǧٷ֣ЩƫҲһǧİٷ֡
᳤ԵʦĲܴȵġУԵʦҲź̻ĵʦź̻ᵹϣԵʦܼ룬Եʦĵţ˭ϣΪأŶˣ᳤Ӧ⣬ԵʦҪΪȸ̻ԣ᳤ǲԸġЦ˵
ⷬ˵ú⣬͵ȻǣȴΪĵꡣ
ⷬˡ
˿ܣȻ˿Ŀ⣬ͺڿһ׳ա
Բڵһءڶصõ֣Уܳҡĵţȸ̻Ȼ֮⣬Ϊ᳤ǰ׳ʲô
Ʊ缸䣬վ֪˵һЩʲôƺ˵Խ࣬ʹԽࡣƺѾԤϵڿʼΪԪ½Ц
û´ȥ϶ᱻȡЦδܳһʱڣЦ
Բڵڡ
μӵߣԪ½ġ뿪󣬿϶ᵽ£ȸֻ̻ԸԵʦʮʯԳͣ鰡
ıͣһҲ˵ֻɫޱȵѿȸ̻Щ£ҲʵˣղĻĲҡ
Ƕ֪ȸ̻鷳ˣһǻ˭Ըȸ̻⣿
˭Ը⣬׳⣿
ҲԼǴӿʼʵʵģʲôҲ˵ǻм֪ȥȸ̻ᣬҲûʲô˻֪ǽȸֻ̻ԸʮʯþԴԡ
ڣһжˡ
Ľݹ㳡ϣʦǵĿ⣬ȫھԵϡ
һֱƵʱɫҲ÷ǳѿ˫Ŀ֮ڣһĨŭ⸡֡
֮ǰڵһصڶض֣ȻЩʹ죬ҲǺ⡣
Ͼһʦǿ񣬲ʶٵҩģҪʦԼţڵУ⡣ȴû뵽ϣȻҲҪǿ
ңõĵ¯ֻǵṩģûר¯
ʱֻҪûģԲΪûר¯һ¯ûУôܣ
Ȼר¯ȴõṩĵ¯ʲô
ˣ֪е壡ԣû̫ںЩ֡˵ԶԼʮš
һ㣬ǵǴ˾ԡԵԼĵ¯Ǭ¯óһϳ龳۷ΪܱסǬ¯
ԼǬ¯ǿ½ϣҲҲһǬ¯ȵĵ¯
ʱֹȥһᡣ
һһʦķȫˡһǧٷ֣֮ĵһһǧٷ֣ڶһõŰٶֵĵʦ
ڱϲδ֡͵һʦҲõ˽ӽٷ֣мûƳȫĵʦҲϵͣڶٷֵٷֵӡ
ʦǣǵķȫˡǰʮҲˡ棬ֶӦĵʦΪǰʮصĵڶ׶ΣҲյľ¡¡
ʮ֮ĵʦÿֻܵõһЩƷʯǰʮʦյΣۺĽ
ߣʮ֡ӦĶʮʦҲϱ㵤񣬱½֪


551 
֮ǰıЩͬ
֮ǰıԶǹģ˿Էա
Եȶʮĵʦߣ֮һ֮ء
ǵ֮ǵĵáԪ½ͨϡеҩ֮У֮һﱻƳġ
ãҲǵ֮ǵĺģͬǵĺڡһ£Ƿģ˸ܽ롣ÿһľڵڱԡ
ʱ뵤õ˲࣬˽ĵʦ֮⣬ֻк״ʹߣԼʮίִİߡ
·ϣ߾ͽŵĹ򽲽һ
ǵ̭ƶȡʦÿһֶ֣ͨǩ˵յҪʵҪһȻʵܹȫѹʦôȫҪˡ
ʦǣǶԾʲôĵطˣûʣôھҪʼˡ΢ЦԾԵȵʦ˵
˳
ܺãڿʼ
гǩǽֱȡһŵʮŵĺǩһֽһŶԶţŶ˿Դƣʮһڶʮʦϸ֡˵
ǰʮŻϸʮһʮϸ
ǩ֮ǰȡֺƣһΣֻжʮʦǩյʱ䶼ûõǩϡ
Գ鵽ߺš
չ˺ű֣̭ܶԽǰʮ
ǰʮĽɱȺʮöࡣ
˭ߺţ
ߺŵʦ˵仰
ڴʦ
µˣ֮ǰԵķҵʦ˵ʱͿԲ˳ۡʱԵû˼ƽϡ
ߺţԿ˵
㣿ҵʦԵĻ΢΢һ㶣ɫ䡣
֮ǰصһ׶ķ֮ǰҵʦûԷ֪ԵķǾһͷҲ֪ϵʵԼǿ
ҵʦȻ̫ԸϾԣɫЩڡ
ԣߺžңӦǰ˺šһᣬ˽ЦЦ
ܵʦ򷽼ҵʦ񣬶ЩֻҵʦԵȻǺܺã̫ߵĿйأ֪ҵʦĵһǾԺжпϷĴ㡣
һŶսţŶսĺԴơǿдҪĲˡٴο˵
֮Ƶҩûȷ涨Ҳ˵ʦǿѡƺֵҩṩӦĲϡѡһҩҲѡҩֻҪ㹻ҲѡƸ߼ҩ
УʦΨһҪģǾƳ߼ֵҩӶܶ֡
ĳɼǵҩֵҲ֡ȷ˵սĵʦһƳֵһʯĵҩһƳֵһһʮʯĵҩôƳֵһһʮʯҩĵʦʤ
ίǸĹжϵҩľֵίǶǶԵҩ˽ĵʦԻϲжϵƫ˵к״ָҩί޷жֵģҲж
󣬵ʦǱ㿪ʼдԼҪĲϡԣҲͬģһֽдһֵҩĸݡ
двϵֽϽܿľйԱʦҪȫ˹
ʦǰնս˳򣬱ֿˡ
ˣһֱԿʼʱΪһʱһֿʼ
ߣҪңҲô׵ģҵҪ㾿жǿҵʦɨ˾һۣ˵
ȷʵܼɵԡ
вδϣ
Ϊ֮ǰƵļҩ弶ҩǿδƳܺõҩҩ٣ôкܴĻܾԡ
ҵʦѡĵҩһҩ
ҩļֵȻ弶ҩ߳ࡣѡ弶ҩĻǼƷʺһЩյļֵҲ緽ҵʦƵҩ
ҵʦĻЦЦ㣬ȷʵʲô£
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553 ǰ
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ļʱƴҩҲżģƳƷʵġǶǱȽϵͼĵҩҩУԴδƳƷʵġ
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ĿУŴﵽƷʡţһƷʡ
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558 Ч
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ĪҼǵһϹŵ伮ϼղųֵ󣬾伮ϵ֣ͬҿ»벻
ӦþҲǧǰ½еĵʦ
ʦǣһ㶼ۿĵ伮Լĵʦﲻֱһλ
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Чãǳ⡣ֵҩ޸ꡣ
ĹУǺܵ˵ġʱһСעⲻܵˣߵĸһҪָͱȽѣҪķѴʱͲƸ
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˵ҪͻƵ죬һʧܣضܵӰ졣ͻƵ飬ͻƵʦͬĵ
Ϊˣͻƴ󾳽ʱ򣬶뾡취ȥۣԼ׼ȫ㹻ˣŻȥԡ
ˣܹһͻƳɹߣǺٺ١
ͻʧܣضҪܳʱһЩߣһӶ޷ָ꣬ҲʧȥٴͻƵĻᡣ
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ߵҪԡңһߵЧǶǿĵʾߣЧġ
ֻǾϵ͵ߣ޸ЧһЩԽߵߣ޸ҪͻԽһЩ
Ԫ½ϣҲһЩͼҩų񵤵ȵȣЩҩбġ
Щҩû˵ЧһҪЩҩ޸ȴǸܵġ
ȻˣҲֻǻָꡣȱʧˣҲ޷
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ˣҲÿһߣĶ
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ڵ˵Ȼ벻֮꣬ȻܼǰĿƳ
ôܣôίίУˣԲһ˫۾Ķžеҩ
˼ˣΪԵʦƵĵҩ޷ʦƵĽµȣڣ˵ˡһίд˵
ǰȻֻĿӦƷʵģ
޷󰡣ԵʦȻƳطϿɵ񵤣
ίǣڸ̾
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ǣҲΪʧˣֵҲͲ̫úľǵҩռֵʯҪϸϸоƾܲȥжϽµ˭Ϊ
Եʦ뽫Ƶĵҩҿ׳ˡ
ھԸոȡҩʱѾ뵽ʱҲȷϾҲûʵȵ֣ǲܿ϶ˣƵľ
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Ŀžԣ֣صĽӾнӹ͵ǰ
ףҲĹۿ
ʱɫޱȵѿһڵúһ㡣
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559 ֳ
ʮίŴס
ƳĵҩľǴ˵еⱳĶЩֲˡ
ܴıƳԪ½ߵʵһķԾһЩѾûϣͻƾߣҲٴεõᡣ
סʹ֮Уޱȵİ
ףϸĸĿ˫ɫҩ
ûмʵҲһӾȷеҩǲǣ׵ҲǴݣڵϵ輫ĸ
ϸĹ۲͸ӦȻҰٷְٿ϶Ǵ˵егųɵİȷ⼸ŵҩ
˵ط˶Ŀõģ㾰ƵһҩطҲ֤ڵϵ
Ӧþˡڿ˵˫Ŀ֮У֡
ڳУó̲ŵļ֮顣
׼μ˵ˡңڳУҲȷʵģżĿ
ʦǾǾԵʦֵߣʦĽµֵأ湪ʵ
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µȻ󣬵Ԫ½һЩϣǾܼġֵҩĸ߼ʦƳ۸ϣһο׼
ԽµļֵУίҲͷúܹʡ
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ھĿΪһƷʣΪƷʣ
Ȥģɳˣûеͼۡ۾˵
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ʱίźеĿŵҩ۾Щ졣һڣֱӾǧʯί϶ǲϣٵõԴǧʯɲΪҵõԴǣҪĿ
ɨ˷ҵʦһۣҧݡ
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ǶԾƵĿҵʦһ۾ǧʯȫѹƵĽµֵһء
Ѿˡ
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560 ļ۸
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ۣƽһŵҩֵһǧʯ۸񣬼ֱȾ˼ҩҪ߳һˡ
ʹߡζЦ򳣻á
û뵽ҲôȤ΢΢ҡͷҪ΢һˡ
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ȻѾԵԼĵˣֺ֮ǵĵˡҵĳϣȻҪĵƵĵҩֻãؿںһʯݺݵײһ£ŭģһѪ
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561 ʥǵ
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562 
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ʦĶҲ֤ӵкܺõƷԣȻΪѾԡ
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ɲһԵʦǰ漸صı֣һֱѹʦء

ϣڶλãֳ

ڶҵĵʦ
һλϵȻȻȱ˭֪һǾԵʦˡ
֮ǰ֣˵ȫİġҸû֡
ʱ֣ò˶ãͻᴫԪ½ÿһǡ֣Ҳʷᡣ
Ժ󣬾ʲôɾͣǴӴ䣬֣ҲһںܳʱŹʡΪֵ˰һȵһλá
һʱ䣬ôһѡ
Ŀ֮£״ڽԵ֣˵һλ֮ϡ
ɫĹâӳ
һʮ֣Ҳֻڵһλõ֣ɫ᲻֣ͬǰɫֻоԵǽɫнӿͷǳĿ
쵤׶ν
ʮ󣬵ύ׽׶ʽ׵ص㣬Ȼڴ˵ءߣվ˳ڳ˴˵
ˣŸոտʼڴ߶ԣ֮ͷϷ


564 Ȳ
Ľ׳棬½ʢ֮һ
֮˵֮һҪΪʥҲһһȵᡣ
߶½ĿʢᣬҲġ
Ľ׻ᣬɽסʥᣬʥֵĴһԸߣһ֯ǿͣ߼ˣ˵
׻ʮŻῪʼ
㳡ϣⳬʮߣҲͽɢȥˣȴʮĽ׻ᡣ׻Ὺʼ󣬻һµʱ䡣ʱ߼κĶִϡŹֵƷ
컯ڽ׻϶֣ܳ
Լ׻ҲΪڴ
ڽ׻ŪһЩԼҪĲϣǿɾ֮ϲˣ˵ĵԪȵȡ
Իصǰȸ˻صź̻ᣬʮʱ䣬Լסź̻ᣬŽ׻Ŀʼ
ź̻ᣬҪ֧ǧʯĳ͡
᳤̻Ļ᳤ͻȻ߹
ϻ᳤ʲô𣿡㿴̻Ļ᳤ʵ
ţһ顣ϵ˵ͷ࣬ղҺ˵ź̻˶԰ɣ
⻰˫üʱһ
˲ʶϻ᳤ʲôˡ
ϻ᳤ȻҪԼ̻ᡣ
УȻϣԼ̻ᡣǣȷʵź̻ˣҪ̻ᣬҲҲ
ûȷʵź̻ˡȻش𣬿Ϊź̻Ļ᳤Ǻܵҵġ
ţǾûˡϵ˵ͷתĿԡ
̻Ļ᳤ϡԴк
ϻ᳤ãԳŶԷ˵ͷ
̻ᡣᡣҲǱȽֱӵˡ
仰˼ǣֻҪԸ̻ᣬôԾͿԼ
ɴҲԿȷʵǷǳϣܼ̻ᡣ
Ϊ̻ԵĵʦҲе㵤ģ뾰һȣͲʮǧˡܽյԼ̻ᣬǶ̻ķչȻž޴ĺô
ԲŶʮ꣬ܵ㵤һȹ˼ʮ꣬ǻ˵ã
ҲãԽпʶĴڡȻûпоԵı֣ⲻһȽȷжϡ
ΪҪԼ̻뷨ǳУûеȻȥһ£ֱӾԷ롣
ϣ̻Ļ᳤\̻Ļ᳤ҲеĿ⿴žԡ
ȸ̻Ļ᳤ҲϣԼȸ̻ᡣǣֿ֪Կ½ӽ㡣
лϻ᳤̧Ŀǰûм̻Ŀǡίľܾ
û⣬ؾԵʦҲڵͣһʱ䣬ǡԵʦڻסź̻ɣգһȥźٰ̻ݷáƺϵԵĻӦû¶̫ʧܿ˵
϶ô˵ˣȻ˵ʲôЦЦĬϵĻ
ʱĿȴ¶ϲɫΪûֱӴӦϵ룬лᡣ
ǻź̻᣿̾ͶԾ˵
ԾԸȤ˻Բֻ̻һҡ
ڵ֮УеʵԾԻȤ
ź̻һ޴ƣǾǾź̻ĹϵңʱҲסź̻ᡣ
ˮ¥̨ȵ¡
ź̻ôҲǵ̻֮һҲǷǳۺġ
ãԵͷ
һˣ뿪֮ǣصź̻ᡣ
ǵЭ飬㵤Ҫ֧ǧʯĳ͡ǧʯ̾ͽʣµǧʯ˾ԡ
Эǩĵգź̻֧ǧʯڣֻҪ֧ʣµǧʯ
˳ƽӹԼӦõģҲƴǡΪź̻ԣź̻ĺôԲǧʯô򵥡
һ̸һ̸Ⱦʯ˵һ䡣
˵ʱ򣬻˿ơΪҪ뾰̸飬ܵõƵİæôԻһЩ
֮ǰƹͨһ£ƵûзԣҲ˵ҪԸ˵˼Ҳ޷Ӱ쵽Եжϡ
᳤˵ЦЦ
Ҿֱ˵ˣ뾰Եʦܼź̻ᡣź̻ᣬȻֻ̻еĵףź̻ᣬȴǵ̻зչ̻ᡣоļ룬ôź̻ò˶ãܳȸ̻ᡣ


565 ᳤
᳤˵ģȷʵš
ڿź̻ͽȸ̻Ĳ໹󣬵ò˶ãͻᱻСΪԴź̻Ĺϵź̻δһʱڻࡣ
һԼź̻ᣬЧںԤ㣬Էǳǿ
ȴü
᳤ʵĲκԿɲ뱻̻ס
ʥʥ룬ԶܾˣҪ˵̻ᡣ
ĵʦȡʯԴʲô¡ֻҪûһЩҩ׬ȡʯͺɡ
ֻҪԸ⣬˾ԱȱȽǡ
ź̻ᣬ̻᲻κε̻УҲҪκ顣ֻϣ᳤̻ܵ˵
˵ˣź̻ᣬֻҪԵ
ȻԸΪ̻ǸãȻʵҲһ㡣
᳤Կ˿㡣
ûκεƣǵν
ԶӡҲȷʵܺá
˼ҪԼź᳤̻޷ǾҪԼ
ȻҲܱװð᳤̻ʲôôأûκκôԿ϶ܴӦ
ԣ᳤
ֻҪͬ⣬ǾͿ̵õź̻ٷ֮ʮķݶ׳һذը
ٷʮ֮ķݶ
ź̻ٷ֮ʮķݶж٣ûо˽⣬Ҳ֪Ժܶࡣ
ǵ̻֮һ
ź̻ڣʮ£Щ¶һķݶÿ˵ķݶҲͰٷ֮ѣгٷ֮ʮġԼҲֻаٷ֮ʮķݶ
ٷ֮ʮķݶȷʵһ޴ˡҲ֤ź̻뾰Եĳ⡣
̻ȵȣȻҲҪԼǵ̻ᣬǾԲ˶ķݶܸô࣬Ҳһ
ԣ飬Ҿúܺˣ㲻ǿǡҲˡ
ھ˵ֻҪź̻Ҹ᳤ͷܵõٷ֮ʮ̻ݶֶΪأ
ƣҲϣܴӦ
ţԶƵ˵ͷ
᳤飬ȷʵܺã˵һһ
˵һ
ֻҪԸź̻ᣬǱ˵һʮҲᾡȥ㡣㣬ȷʵǷǳԶˣ᳤̻ûеġ
һ¥¥лԻ͵¥רų۵ҩġ˵
Ի͵¥ٳǵĻԻ͵¥Ŀ͵˸
᳤Ҳ֪Ի͵¥ԵЩ
Ի͵¥ֻڶٳǵһ¥û뵽ȻҲ֪Ի͵¥
˵ٳ⼸ķչȷʵܿˡ̶̼ʱ䣬ٳڣѲ͵ȵĳˡȻԶǼбȣҲϵڶγУйģǰʮֹڵ龳ߣкöˡ
Ի͵¥ҲСΪԻ͵¥ڵ൤ҩƷʺܸߣвٵҩԪ½ͨ
Ի͵¥ȱǣǵĵҩǵͼҩмҩ١ԣڵ龳֮ϾȦУԻ͵¥ûʲôⲻź̻֪Ի͵¥Ĵڡ
ȷʵ˵û뵽Ի͵¥ȻǾԵʦĲҵпѹ֣Ի͵¥ЩҩƷʶܸߣ
ţԻ͵¥ĵҩڻǵͼġ϶дм߼ĵҩԵͷҵǣϣź̻Ի͵¥Ի͵¥õҩȡź̻Ĳϡ
ô˵һû뵽Ȼ
ź̻᲻ûʧаԻ͵¥ĵҩƷʺãгܴܵõԻ͵¥ĵҩǶź̻⣬ȻҲкô
ȫû⣬ھͿȥٳԻ͵¥ĸˡ붼ûʹӦ
Ǿûˣ᳤졣Ц˵
ã̫ˣ֪ѾӦ
ٿ»ˡ
Եõź̻ٷ֮ʮķݶıź̻ķݶܡǵķݶ϶Ҫ·䡣
»ᣬȻҲҪμӡ
Եٷ֮ʮݶҪϼµķݶȻͻһЩֻҪһЩ۹ˣԲԴ̫ǵķݶȷʵˣӳڿǻõĺôԻࡣ
»µƽǳ˳ûзԵ
ǩһЭ󣬾ʽΪź᳤̻õ̻İٷ֮ʮݶ᳤̻ת


566 ͻƵʦ
ź̻£ڶԾԵ̬ȻǼ乧Щ˶ĺܣ֪ԵļֵԲүǵȻҵ
»Ტûķ̫ʱ
»̾˳ǰٳǣԻ͵¥ĸ˾ϵȻҲȥ˾ԵĿš
ûоԵı̬ǿ²ź̻ὨϵоԵ̬ȣǾͲˡ
ԣصǰԼסķ䡣
뽻׻ỹʮ죬ʱҲװ׵˷ѡ
ʱ򣬴ӵ龳ͻƵʦˡڵ龳۷弫ޣѾͣ˺Щʱ䣬ڵõ컯ͻƸʱ
ңڵ֮УԻǰȫġΪЩҲڵڶ֡Գ˵ͺ˵ˣԲ١
ʵԽǿôŻԽǿ
컯Խ컯ȡ
ΪһԵõ컯ƷҲܺãﵽһȡڶ컯ƷʾͲһЩڶǶ컯컯
תǬ컯ܷģȻ컯ʹõĸֲϣ޷컯ϸĵ
γԶʧܣҲֻʱ
óļƷʯһЩõĵҩ
ĬĬתһ񹦣״̬
ڣһƬס
ʱ󣬾Ȼ컯ٷС
һɺ嫵ʱ֫ٺ
һ̣ǴһЩܵɫΣҲŨ
Ǽʱ䣬Ծ͸оʼɱ䡣
ʵϣ㾰Բ컯Ҳܳͻƾ˲һ֮󣬶գﵽһµ״̬ʼվãƺһʲôǿȥͻƾ磬ǼɹҲ
Ϊڤڤ֮еĸӦþһֱѹžûѡðȻͻơ
仰˵Ļ㹻ˣ컯Ϊɱ䣬ͻƣˮɣһ˳Ȼ
ɱ䣬ҪĴںʱ󣬾Ծ͸оĿûκԥ㽫ƷһСѼƷʯϿʼʯ̺
ˣԻѵĽһſ̺ĵҩ븹С
Դӵ龳ͻƵʦҪǷǳֲġԪ̶ȣʦ߿⡣߾ͻƣȻһܱȵġ
һɹͺڵĽˮһ㣬ھ֮ʣϵתԪĵֹУɱҲʼӿ졣
ԸоԼռ䣬ƺڿٵ󣬿ԴԪԪԽ࣬ʵȻԽǿ
һȥ
ȥ
󾳽ͻƣɲСͻܱȵġ
ӵ龳ͻƵڣͻƵڵȵСͻƣȴ󾳽ͻƼ򵥵Ķ࣬ķѵʱҲͶ̵öࡣ
󾳽ͻƣһҲǶʱھɵġʱҪµʱ䡣Ի㹻컯гԴģԵǲҪķ̫ʱ䡣
ˣڹպ󣬾ԵľͻȻڼ֮Сռ䣬Ȼڿٵš

ռ䡭ܴԪ
Բ֪ʦռж󣬵ռ䣬ʱδɱǹģȴѾڵ龳۷弫޵ʱ˳һ
Ҳ˵ԵܴԪ㣬Ҳһ
ʵɲһһô򵥡Ԫ̶һʵܴﵽ
Ȼߵʵǣ࣬ԪҲֻʵһֹɡ˵ѧطʹõȵȣҲߵʵŽܵĹϵ
ҲǷǳڴһԼͻƳɹôռ便󼸱ʱԼʵ൱һʲôߡ
ռ䣬ԳɿռġߵĸߵĸҲô󡣴ӱ濴ȻҲô󣬵ռ䣬ȴ߾ġ
濴󣬿ռȴܴܺ
Ҳżѭ򽥽ϸµ
ź̻ᣬһ֮С
᳤ͼ£ʱС
᳤⼸죬ÿ춼вź̻ϵҿٹգź̻ᣬܳ\̻ˡһ˷ܵ˵
Դź̻Ҫź̻ﲻвðţֱӾʹ˴Ĳϣ۸ź̻ᡣ
һЩӱȽϴģԳ渺һЩСӣȥ
֮ʱź̻Ӫҵ͵õ˾޴ȵ


567 ̤ʦ
죬ź̻չҵڷ
ˣҪź̻Ҳǰöࡣź̻ҲһЩðŵ壬ҲҪʵǿߡ
̻ľӪҵҲǷǳӵģ׬Ǯҵ̻ᶼȥһ֡ʵԽǿ̻ᣬҵһԽǸӡ
̻ᣬǵҵ漰棬ʦʦź̻ᣬĿǰûôྫȥʦʦҲһЩʦΪ£ǿĵʦ̻ҲҪǳĴۡ
еļ£ʱǳ˷ܡ
᳤Ը̻ܹ̻ᷢչ޴ȴҲû뵽ﵽ־˵ĳ̶ȡ
ż찡
ź̻·ӪҵгԽ\̻ơٹһʱأ
δһ֮ڣԽĽȸ̻Ҳʲô¡
ҪܳԽ\̻᣿ɫƽʵ
ƽоԲ
Ļ֮ڣź̻᱾µӪҵܳ\̻ᡣ´˵
ãܺã˵ͷ
᳤ڱչ𣿡뽫Ϣ߾ԣ᳤ȻȨ֪̻ķչ״
Ի᳤δأԸκ˲ôţͷԸķ⣬ֹκ˿µ
ţʱɣλȥæɡ˵ͷ۾һ㡣
԰ٷ֮ʮķݶʲôܸź̻ģԲٷ֮ʮݶܱȵġ

ӾԱչصڣʱѾ졣
ڴϣȻɱ䡣
ɱѽӽβԿԸоѾʱռûм󡣲ݣȴ
ԽԽȶ
һ˵ԽߵߣݾԽ񡣶ܵҲ÷ǳŨͺɫһ㡣
ĻӦٹʱͻƾͽˡ԰תͷ
ǾԣʱҲЩšΪ̶ֳȣͻҲδȫɹ
ߵͻƣʧʱ̵ģҲңԽǵʧܣ𺦾ԽտʼͻƾʧܣߵԾСöࡣ
Ե˴ʱҲκεиһһֱתҲһֱڸӦһ˿һı仯
Ǽʱ
ȫֹͣ˱仯
һֱյ˫ĿͻȻâ財
ɹˣԺһ
Ȼ֪ԼͻӦò⡣ɵͻƳɹʽ̤ʦȻ޷Ƶļ
ٵ龳ߣһ޷Խǵϣ޷ʦ
ڿʼԼҲǵʦˣ
ڣҲҲٵʦߡԪ½ʦߣҲóƵ
˵Ҳһĵʦߣڵ龳۷նɱʦھߣ̤ʦʵжǿûжӡ֤֮ǰ治˵
ûռƷʯ̷Ԫĵҩ
ռЩռ䣬ҪԪȥҺ̬ԪռڲϵĻۡ
һֱ˺üļƷʯ͵ҩԲֹͣ
ʱռˡȫȵԪþԺ޲һԾ𣬳嵽ϺݺݵķйһڣԻûź̻ܲûǵ
ţ
Ǭ߼ƪ
Ǭƪ
ͬʱԾͽյǬǬµϢ
ͻƵʦҲ׳ࡣǬǬӦǿиӦԵ꣬ͬʱ⿪߼ķӡþն߸Ϣ
ûǬϸĽǬһ顣
ĸ߼ҩԶ뾰Եļںϡͺںܾ֮ǰѾЩ߼ҩƷ
̫ˣȻͽӴǬÿһν⿪߼ķӡԻǲĸ̾
½ϵеʦѧϰǴ½ϵĵʦô
Ҳ֪ǬˣĴڣʲôķü̳߿ݴС
ף
԰ͻȻü
ôû컯ٴһǬ̺ĸָ߼ҩ֣û컯ڡ
컯߼ҩڸ߼ҩӦԼ˲Ŷԡ
ôгɻ
컯˵Ԫ½ĵҩ֮һˣܸ龳߽ʦԻ컯Լһߵ˶ܵõʹ컯


568 ׻
ԼǲҪ컯ˣҪ컯˿ɲ١
ĶٳǳĳϾӢҪ컯Ӣ츳Щţǲһءû컯ӢⱲͻƵʦĿԾͺܵͣ컯ӢʦĿԻࡣ
һ˵컯ֵҩƳȻΪԻһʲƸ
Ԫ½Щ壬컯ĿȶܸߡһЩңҲŪ컯컯ļ۸Ƿǳߵġ
һ㣬ֻǰܵõ컯ͿԿó
ˮǰԿʼǬռڵˮ
ৣˮ֡
СһﲻѾʦΪˡʮĵʦǸҲǶˡˮһ䡣
ˮǰ̤ʦ󣬽Ǭ߼ƪȴû컯Ʒô£ԽˮɲˮĿ佱
컯
Ȼûֵҩˮҡͷ
Ϊʲôסˡ
Ϊǧǰ컯ֵҩڣǬеȻûƷˮȻ˵
۾һɡ
ǧǰû컯ֵҩ
컯ǧеģ
컯ֵҩȷʵҲ֪һʦģڵϵܸˮԹԵ˵
ˮһ⿪ǬӡˣʱǧǰˮǸ컯δ컯ˮ󣬲ųԪ½ϡ
ֵҩһǿĵʦġֻǺ֪ʲôԭ򣬵ȴʧˣ׵ȼˣҲһżڵõ컯
ˣͬʱҲЩɵۡ
ǲ컯ˣԿЦһʧĵ
ôܣ
⻹򵥣ֻҪŪһ컯ȥˡˮ˾һۡ
֮ǰҵõ컯ֻܷ컯ʹõĲϡҡͷ
֮ǰ֮ǰǬ߼ƪ𣿡ˮžԡ
Ŷˡ
֮ǰõ컯ʱδ̤ʦҲûн⿪Ǭ߼ƪԲܷڸ߼ҩ컯ˮ˼ھԵõ컯ܷ
һǬ̶ȣԾûܷ컯ĵ
΢΢ɳһһٸ㵽һ컯ǡ컯Ȼ٣֮ǣӦûеġʵڲУ취ӺŪһţ˸һЩ۾ˡ
컯Կ϶Ҫ취ŪƳ
Ƭ̺󣬾뿪䡣
׻ӦѾʼˣһαչصʱ䣬Ȼʮ졣׻ʱһ£ԵҲǺܼ
ԣ̼
᳤ˣĴк
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᳤أԳż˵˵ͷʵ
᳤ȥ˽׻ᣬʱ̻ڡһӦ˵
ŶԵû⡣
׻̻˵ȻҲѵõɨᡣһȵĵᣬǻкܶöֵģź̻϶Ҳ߾ȥԴ

ʱ񷽵ʦ˹
񷽵ʦԿ񷽣΢Цк
üϸžԡ
֪ΪʲôоԵϣƺһЩ仯ǣ˵ʲôط˱仯չ֮ǰĸоЩͬ
Ȼ᲻ͬԱչ֮ǰǵ龳Ѿǵʦһ󾳽硣Ҳͨ龳۷ΪҪܿ˲һ񹦵ľԾ磬ǲǹ¡
۲Ƭ̣Ҳ㲻ϵı仯ʲôҲͲٶ롣
ǰ̻Ǽ̻Ļ᳤Ҫ㡣
֪Ѿź᳤̻󣬾Ͷ뿪ˡ񷽶Ծ˵
ţҲãʡٷѿˡҲϵǼ̻Ļ᳤£Լ
ҪҪȥ׻ῴöġʵ
ȥЦ
Ҵȥæ
뿪ź̻ᣬŵ֮ȥ·ϣ˾Լڵϵ⣬ҲһһҲź᳤̻ˣ̻ռзݶڵԽǿ̻Ҳкô
񷽵ʦѾԳҩˡɫ˵
ڵϵ츳ȷʵǿԺܺáٶȣҲǷǳ졣ԾãೢԼΣƳҩʦ
˵ţܿ˾͵˵֮ǡ
۴ȫӰ


569 
ˣȾĻҪࡣ
۴ɽ˺
֮ڣһЩطȫӰ
Ԫ½ʢ֮һ̾
񷽵ʦҲ̫ˣҵ᳤𣿡ü񷽡
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ź̻Ա̻־ķΣԺҵ
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Ե̯λֱ棬Ҫܲգǹ¡
ߣСӼȻӣͲܹˣͷ¶βҲд󱳾ġˮɫϣֳһĨݡ
ȷʵ̫д󱳾Ȼóô൤ҩҲЩ͡ǣǵˣ϶֡Ǵ½Щ塢ҵˣҲְ̫ܴ̯
Ҳ̫ţ̯λϵĵҩܿǼٵ
ˮСӷԸһСȥ
һʱ䣬Сӷأһƿ
ܣˣСӽƿˮ
ţĲȻȥʹ͡ˮӹƿСӵͷ
лܴˣСϲ̵Ӧת뿪ʧȺ֮С
СȻˮ£ȴûдű¥־ķΡ
ֹһᣬһߣ¥̯λ֮ǰ
絤ʦˮ߹æӭȥ
ߣ磬һ˼ʦҲǱ¥ǿĵʦĸ߲ݱˮ֪߳Ρ
ˮ㷢ʲôöҪԹ翴ˮһۣΪº͡
絤ʦ鷳㿴ⵤҩû⡣ˮеƿ˹ȥ
ƿڵĵҩ֮ǰСߣӾ̯λϹһҩ
ţ粻֪ˮʲôǽӹƿҩ鿴
Ƭ̺
һȵܿƷʺܺáˮǰ˼ʦҩܿȻ÷¡
ܿԱȽϡУһһֵܿҲһٶʯӡڱ¥ڣ򵽣۸һٶʮʯһšǶƷʵģֻҪʮʯʮʯ
Ǻõˮüͷһ塣
ǻ쵰ôŪЩҩˮҲЩҡˡ
̯λϵĵҩ࣬ȷʵ̫ˡЩҩ浤ҩĻ˵ıͲ˵ˡ
һôŪ˴ĵҩƷʻôߣ
ˮ˵ʲôأ̯λ⣬ôôü˿̯λܣȻûʲôˣ˵ҩʼ۵Ķû
絤ʦ⡭
Ǹ̯λˮԶһҩ̯λ飬ͼӴ׵˵һ顣
Ļ쵰Ҫ⽵ۣ̯λҲˡˮҧгʹ˵
ֻǱ¥һܣд󱳾ˣǾͲܵġ絤ʦˣǾͿ絤ʦô絤ʦڱ¥зݶ϶ӰԼ¥˸ŭ


575 ˵Ϲ
ˮһ˵һ߹۲ķӦڱ¥ʮʱ䣬ӴҲʮʱ䣬˿˵ǳ˽⡣
ǰֵñȽºͣƽ׽ˡ˽;ԲôΪ
Ǳ¥ϯʦͬʱҲһԷǳԵ׺ݵˣϲŭɫĵǾҪСˣʱܻᱨ㡣
絤ʦ㿴ǲǲȡһЩʩȥǱ¥̯λ϶ȥˣˮԿ絤ʦĿеһ˿⣬˳˵
̯ʲôˣݵûʲô仯뿪ʼʱһ
һֱϴ֣ǲ鲻ݡӦòǵˡˮҡҡͷ˵
ȥɣЦЦˮܣǰ·Ǹ̯λϵĵҩô࣬ƷôãǴ˿϶֮
ˮ磬ٴԵ̯λ֮ǰ
ʱ̯λۼߣ͸ˡղŲͬǣڹҩ˺ܶ࣬ǰЩֻΧȴҩġ
翴̯λϻ𱬵Ŀеĺּһ֡
ҩȻܶ࣬Ҳȫͷ˵
絤ʦղĵҩǴ̯λġ˳۵ĵҩܶ浤ˮ˵
ţ̸һ̸ٴεͷ
λֵΪδ֣缷̯λ֮ǰߵˮܵ漷һЩ
˶ʶˮ¥ܣ˶ˮĶЩŭȴҲҶ˵ʲô
¥ǵһ¥ƽʱͺǿơ
ҩֶ˵гһЩĵҩ򶼲סǵ¥ǿ϶ʲô¡
Ҳ磬⣬µǣЦЦ
ղżˮʱˮߣбµ˿϶Ǳ¥ĸ߲
òȽϳŵˣԴ֡ԻӦ˵
λֵĬĿֵܣ磬¥ϯʦ
ҽ˵
ʲô
絤ʦ
˵һλǿİ˼ʦ
ԾԽԼܵȺȻҲˡ
ȻǱ¥ϯʦȴ¶棬˲ࡣͨߣȻлλ¥ϯʦ
ݣڳ˶ڵ֮У˼ʦҲǺܶģÿһǸ߸ϵĴڡ
絤ʦðԵǲ̫⡣
Ѿ⿪Ǭ߼ƪ߼ҩŪ㹻ݲϣͿˡ߼ʦ˼ʦھԿҲô£ԷȻҪĹάԷ
Ҫ
λֵܣ̯λϵĵҩ࣬ܲȿָָ̯λϵĵҩʵ
ȻԣԵ
統һЩƿ
ע⵽ƿЩĵҩһżֵϰʯ
Ķϸʱŵģһֽ󵤵ҩֵҩԪ½ϣֻϲܼһһƷʵ󵤣ֵʯӡ
̯λϵ󵤣ȴʮϡ⻹Ǳڷųģ˭Ҳ֪ԵָֽУûиĿ档
ԼЩɡ
Ǳ¥ϯʦҲѵһӼô󵤡ԼͲ󵤡
Ķڼҩ٣ʵϣʼѾеģҶһƷʵĺõǰһƷ󵤻Ҫ١
˼һܽЩҩռǿһ˲ܲĶĲƸ
ҩʱû˼ҩҶڵļЩУרҵԱ絤ʦ˵ҩģǾκκ֮ˣ϶óеʯ
̯λϵҩԱˣǰѵҩԼʱòҲŵȺʵĻᣬתøҪˣҲ׬ȡۡ
磬ҲżŶԷķӦ
ôĵӣڵϳۼٵͻȻһȣָžԣŭ˵
΢΢һС
ҩ٣Ȼⷬ˵ϹԲһ˼ʦ󵤵ٶ
ԷȻǲ⡣
絤ʦɲҪ˵ԵҲ
˵ЦһмĵΪ¥ϯʦһ˼ʦһ˵ŵ󵤣Ȼϡ٣Ҳҩѵҩٶ޷𣿡


576 ͻ
̵Եĵҩˣ
̯λϵĵҩֵ̫ˣԹһ£ҲԶһʯ
ٵ
̯λϵĵҩȻǼٵ
ģһʯأģҪ˻
ĻһЩҩߣһӼ׷Ҫ˻ЩδҩߣҲ壬ͬʱҡ
ԵĿ⣬Ҳȫ
ǲ֪ĶҲҩĵط
ʶģϽŴûȻץסضںͳȵ
Ⱦ뿪󣬾͸žԣȵ˵ĵطŪԽҩӹ
ǰ˼ʦȻҪ˼ڵϣΪҲͣΪʦ۷壬ֻһܴﵽ
˼ʦȷʵҲûΪ̫ġʵ̫ͣҲ̤˼ʦʱ򣬶ԪҪҲǺܸߵġ
ʵϣҲǹԻ᲻ʲô󱳾˼󣬾ò̫ܡд󱳾ˣô֣
Щ塢ͲøԼ˭ڵĹɴ
ãԿ϶ûʲô֮ܵõЩҩܿãһǳĵʦ
Уȫһͷ԰һ⣬ԲԼ
ϼһǲҩ͸ӹԶ㡣Ҳŭˣ
λҵĵҩ浤ԲмٵҪ˻ĻҲȫԣԵƬ̣ȽϼһˡЩ߹˵
ǾƲԳԷƣ
ܺãͽ㻹ܼܲӲϢᡣ
þԼ뿪ȻõġڿȻ뿪ô͵õϵˡ
ˮܣȥնӳ˵˰̯ٵˮԸ
ǣˮӦȥ
ڵģ㣬һ뿪ȴˣ߶߲ˣֶԾ˵
ڽ׻ϣ϶ֱӶԾԶ֡㾰ٵҲҪ֮ͨǵ
ֻһõԵĵҩô϶Ҳ÷ֳȥһ֡˵ĸնӳĹϵܲҲֳһֺôա
Եȫںĵҩ浤ˣ
ˮȻܿʹһЩе
ܵȺԶóһ·
˭ٵ
ıӵڵٵǻˣΪһ󺺣ŭ˽ſھʹȡ
նӳ˹˹֡
絤ʦҲڣտ磬ʱЦЦ
նӳһɣȴٵ⡣̯λϵĵҩǼٵģѾвˡżȻΪĵʦԲ鷢Եһʱָ֪ͨº͵
絤ʦȻ߷ڣպٺһЦ˵
ʵϤȻ֪ʲôˡû棬Ǽٵ֣һҲʡ
ʱ϶˵ʲôãƺܿԼͻõһݺô
˶һۣղ
ٵ𣿡
ͷ¶βļһһͲǺöժ£տԣ׺ݵĺ
̯λϵĵҩ浤
λӳǵϵάҾã㲻Ϊһ֮ʣ˵ҵĵҩǼٵİɣüգûժϵ֡
ȻҲպ⡣
СӣҽƱ磡ߣʲô˵ɣһ֣ߵļžѹ˹ȥ
նӳ˵ƾƿڵĵҩǴ̯λϵģҲҸղżġնӳ㱣ܣ˹õ֮ǵĵʦԼ֪˵ĻǲˡͻȻóһƿա
óƿ뾰̯λʢ󵤵ƿһģһ
ܲ˶ԵóƿڳˣǶûлɣһΪƿڵĵҩǾ̯λϵĵҩ
Ŀȴһ֪óƿѾġƿûĵҩҲһˡ
ãܺã֤֤ڣҿ쵰ʲô˵
Ҵߣմһ
дϲиǾԻСӣˣԴ³ֻ뵽ҪֳһֺôգЩۡ
䣡
ԣȻԴУԪӿĳһǼ㵹˻ȥ


577 ɱ
ȻԶˣ
ڽ׻ϣ븺ά֣
ܵߣŴˡǴδ˸ڵ֡
ҿóֵļһʵǿ
ոǰ׼ߵʵҲǵ龳۷塣ߣһĳ㶼˳ȥȻʵҪǿ࣬Ӧǵʦ
μӵȻʵȽǿǴﵽʦεģҲֻǼѡʦߣɲǴײˣ½ϣҲǺܶࡣ
նӳɫһӱˡ
Ҳû뵽ԸҶ־ܲоЦԶ־ܲǾ̯λϵĵҩ浤ԽҲضҪظͷ֣
СӣȻҶ֣ҲʲôطϢۣһ͵žɱȥ
ܵߣ׷׺ˣ±꼰
ԸоԷӳһɺƵԼƺҪԼɱӣжʱӿһɱ⡣
ȷʵ뵱նɱԡ
ûַǸյɱԿܻйǡھԾֱܲնɱҲûܶ˵ʲô
飡һγ֣ԿǶ˼ġ
ȻҲǵʦߣΪֻǵʦڶѡڵ龳۷ʱ򣬾նɱʦΪߡ̤ʦԸһʦڵߣֱ練ơ
һǸյӰһһ㣬˳ȥ

ھУһƶӲס
ۣۣ
ҶڿУſ³Ѫɫɷס
Ƭ̺󣬸չڵϣһһ㡣ƣأ¾и߼˵ҩȻĻᶼˡ
մŴžԡ
û뵽Եʵ֮ǿôҲǵʦΪھǰֱͺһ꺢ͯ
ܸоԼѸɢ
硭ʦңңȡ
ϣ϶Ҫ߼˵ҩʱãܱסһ
ʱͺûһ㣬㶵Ŀžԡ
ǵʦ۷ߣһ㣬ʵȻȸǿҪɽջɣҲġǵʦȻߣȴǺóս
ͬðɱǽԲҪ롣ð߶սģʦȴپɱ޷ȡ
ձһƲֱӻɱ֪ԵսԼ֮ϡ
Щˣ
ɱں¥ϯʦ
϶ҲԿ磬һѹǰ
ȸգԸŭ硣
û뾰ɱͷԳԼһӦӴܡ
ɲ
ߣٶȸ졣
꣡ͷҲأֶһɫ
ɫֺ󣬶ʱһɫĶƣâۣγһ޴ĺɫ֣絲ں档
ⶫӦһǹǷ
ǰ˼ʦƸۺ׼һЩĶҲһЩˣ϶뷽跨׼ֱĶ
һںɫϣǶϣʱ˸һƬڹ⡣ڶܣһˮһĲ˷ԵһǱȫס
ķȷʵǷǳǵеļƷֵҲǧʯ
㡭ס֣
ڵף֪Ƕ
Ͻס֣Լķס˾ԵĹ΢عžԽк
ɨһֱۣһɫĳֶţһɫ⣬źɫ̹ȥ
¡
ɫƣʱһ޴ơ
һĻðǼƷʱΪŪҲǺķ˲ٵ˼
˵ܵסһߵĶιڣôһѷ죿
ôܣ
ȷʵɱģй֣һⲻɱ
飡ɫƵγɵķ֣ǳɢ
ʱѾŵ巢ܶˡ
ǵʦðߵðߣԲųǲУҲܱ侲ȫ뾰ԶԿ
ʱЩΧ۵ߣҲȫסˡ飬ֵˣ
ҩߣʵҲ̫ǿ˰ɣ¥ϯʦʦ۷ߣȻǰ޻֮
ס֣
ʱһص
֮ģһŻĿԪԵɫ⣬ѾԴȥȴɺ嫵ԪӲ
ĿһתǳԼˡ
ţ
ֵˣȻİߣ


578 ϳ
ԪӿܺƵ
ȻδֱӶԾԳ֣Ȼоǿѹߣǵǿߣ»һĵ
Űߣ
ʱ¥絤ʦӾлָ
ΪԼҪھС
ղһɫ̺µɱ⣬ֱӽꡣһ㣬ƾԼضסһ
һ
ˣˣ翴ߣæҲߡ
Ǳסˡ
֪ʵôǿҵӻôҶ֣϶ôçײﾰԡ
絤ʦô£죬˿磬ʵ
磬ȻǱȽϿġ
ǰ˼ʦڵ֮Ҳ͡ƽʱ磬Ҳǳ
첻ǵʦݱȽ⣬ǵ֮ǵĴܹܣ׹֮ΪҲǼߡ
ûв´ǵ۷徳磬ֻһǵʾ硣
Ԫ½۷սǵʾ˵ڴ½ϣʾ˫֮ÿһʾǴ½֧Һͨǰ¶棬Ӱȥ٣ѳһߵ֪
ʾǿޱǿ߹ϵһ㡣
ˣ
ڵ̯۵ҩĵҩУмٵҼ󣬱Ϊǿᣬˡ㿴նӳˣʱѾָҲǼ˵ˣΪȻҲͲη徰ˡ
ⷬ΢ƽϢŭٴȼ
ʱƥ򣬾ȻԼ
Ԫתûٳ֣ʵԶ֮ϡ̤ʦҲĶ֡ǿж֣ܻܿԼ
ָŻڵϵĸա
˵ձԴˣʵʱ򣬸ѾûκϢˡգˣ
֮ǰյƼأܵõʱľΣܱסǣȣûᡣ̶ʱձ
ʱ򣬾Ϳ˸գӳҲʶձնɱҲŭûŪ֮ǰûֱӶԴֵ̯֡
Ǻˣ
ڵϾҳۼٵ
Ȼɱӳ̫ˡ£Ļ󣬿ԣȵ
군ˣ
ǰʵǿҲһǿҲ˵Ķ֡
û뵽˶Գˡ

ܵߣҲعۡ
ǿԽڽˡƳۼٵʲôɱ
ǰĵϣҲٳżֵֶˣҲ޷ⱻ֮ǶֱӴ
ЩĳԱڵ¡
ǿԽˡ
ˣѹŭ칰˹֡
ûµ˼ҲûгκμٵĵʦиյĻ⹴ᣬҳۼٵ뽫ҵĵҩΪСԶ˵
ҲǺ˽졣
ԵĸоӦǱȽϹˡΪһ֮ʣͶԼ
ѪˣٵȻңŭȵ
̯λϵĵҩǲǼٵ׼ˣ֪ǲǵʦԿ졣
Ҳǵʦ
Ҳû⣬һǿĵʦ̯λϵĵҩЩҩмҩٲѡ̹Ȼ˵
ɫһӱˡ
Ȼ֪̯λϵĵҩ浤߼ʦ֮ǰ˵ļٻȫ©ˡ
Уһ·
罹תͷ˼ֹʦҩ
ˣԵĻڰ˵
һϲû뵽ȻžԵĻеʦЩҩ١ϣٴθֳЦݡ
Щҩġ˵
һ£ɵˡ
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ʲô˼Ѳɣʶֵļһ
ԴʱҲЩ졣죬ȴ΢΢ЦЦ
˲׹ȷʵϳԼ֪ԼǶñһľԡ
ҲǣϳԼҲʲô¡ԼȻ֣ǿߣԼϢӦþϳԼԼҲûпı䡣
ʱ򣬻ûһϳڣ϶ϳˡ
лˣԶ칰֡


579 Ԫ
ϳ˾ԣҲû˵ơԴ֣Ȼǲ뱻ϳ
ڵҲ㼫ϳ̯ҩǻܺˣɧſҲ١ʱ򣬱ضһȺΧ߰¡
ü˿硣
ʱЩʧ֪Լƺ鷳ˡ
絤ʦ߰ɡҽ׻򣬹˳ۼٵ֮ǽУ˵
챾Ͳ̫ϲ磬˱ϵòȻ£й鱨Ȼ١
ˣ㡭㡭ϵ亹˲ð˳
鷳ȷʵˣ
֮ǣȻҪУ
һУоԲᡣңǽڽ׻£ǰɵЩù飬Ҳ϶ᱩ©
絤ʦҪ˵ˣߡɫһڡ
磬ǿӲߡиյӳʬ壬ȻҲߡ
Χ۵ˣʱ㲻ʲô¡
ǸոջΪҪ군ˣ벻·תʲô¶ûУ¥ϯʦ磬ȴ˸ȥˡ
һЩȽϴģܿʶ˿ʶԡңԵݿ϶ͣҪȻ˾Բξԡ
ʲô
Ͻҩ̯λϵҩˣƷֺãˣǳԿľԼ
Ҫҩ
Ҫݣ
һЩҪĿʯҪһ
һʱ䣬ޱȵĻ𱬣Բæǿᣬǿ󣬵ǲæҡ
ʱʱ䣬Ծ͵õǧʯһԼҪĸֲϡ
ٶȣò죬ҿĵҩòˡҲϲõĺܡ
ڶգ̯λϵĸֵҩˣִָֽóһ
˵죬ĵҩͲˣܵһЩԱʱ֮衣
ʱϵʯֻѾһǧʯټϴĸָ߼ݺͿʯƷ
ȻҲ⡣
Ҫ൤̯λǰһɫȹŮ߿ž˵
˼൤ûˣԻӦ
൤Ҳһҩ൤ãȻһЩƵĲࡣ죬ҲòˣȻʣ¼ţԲٳˡ
û˰ŮЩʧ
ţǸˡԵͷ
ǵʦƳ൤ƣҿЩ㻻ŮóһЩ˵
ԸҪܾ
ͻȻɴһЩŮŵƷ
ԪԼֱԼ۾
̯λֽϣȷʵдչԪʱ䣬ûһŵԪ
ʵϣԼҲû̫ϣΪԪ̫ˣԪ½ϸҲݡ
֮дչҲãóԪ
Ʒǳ͸ԵǿŵԪһżҵġˣһЩżڷֵԪԲ̫ࡣ
벻ŮߣȻó˵ԪңһţĿš
Ԫһ˵úЧҪǸ߼оһԡ
ǶԾ˵ȴ
ʱԷһͻ˼С磬ɼ
㻹Ҫֹʵ𣿡Ů߰Ͱ͵žԡ
ҪԵȻҪ
ǵʦ𣿻ƽ൤𣿡Ůʵ
ǵʦƽ൤æ˵
òٴԪôܴ
ԸӦһŮߵΪŮߣȻδ̤龳ֻ۷塣
ǴʲôطŪЩԪ
ŮеĵԪԲǼٵġûԪֻǸǬϵϢȫȷ١ɾǼԪģƹٷְٿ϶ŮоԼҪĵԪ
̫ˣ
㣬ʲôʱƽ൤أŮƺЩż
ܸܲȥź̻᣿ҪһЩʱ䣬ͿԡԳһ˵
ϣн൤֪ŮߵĵԪǴʲôطŪģԡ
ź̻ᰡ֪ź̻ᣬҿԸȥġŮƺЩ棬ź̻𣿡
ǰɣǡھȥԵ
ðǣ̯λô찡Ů߿˿̯λϻʣҩ
С£Ц
йһߣ̯λƸ˶Է̯λнӽһЧʱ䡣
̯λˣҪǮ𣿡һ㶺ʵ
ѣ԰֡
߶ʱϲϵ˸ڱһ㡣ԺŮߺ̯̽λת֡


580 ĺ
ź̻ᣡ
Խ̻ᣬ֡
Ů߽̻ȻȣҲûʡ᳤̻˵һ˽ǴһȺ˽Ҳû˸ʲô
ʲô֣Ůߡ
ҽСϣŮӵ˵̻ڲЩнӡ
¡ԿСЩη塣
ŶСϵ˵ͷ
ԴСԼķ䡣
뻻ٽ൤ʵ
൤Ȼҩֵ޷ԪȡǶھ˵Ԫļֵ޷
뻻ʮţ𣿡СϿ˺һᣬŻشԡ
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ǺǡЦԵʦҵĶİɡⶫֵúҾ͸ʮʯɡ


587 ö
ףʮʯԸĲǬ伮
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ٰټЩҲԣЦ
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ʮʯȷʵԶʯֻһڶ಻ڣԶԵͷ˵
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Ҳͳ¥ķݶЩ鷳ҲǺܴԸתõġ׶˶٣˵
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絤ʦ̫ˣСһֵһᡣ׳ëΰڰ֣ҲƱССĺһڡ
ЦЦеͷϵĻɲһëΰæǻ˺ܴۣһڶʯĻ඼ûˡ
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ķչ̻ҲԽԽˡһ˵
ͦõģЦЦ֪߷ǷչͦãҲͷˡ
ԣͻȻ¶ŹЦݣǸ߷ǲϲ㰡öζңϢ˵ôü궼ضٳǡҿ˳ϲ㣬еء
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ǽٶȷʵ졣Եͷ
߷ͻƵ죬⻹öԡǾԵʥҩҲͻƵ죬϶ô졣
壬ǽȥɣ̧ţҪź̻Ĵš
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592 𾪵
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壬Ҹ磬ǴӶٳһ·ҲˡգͺúϢ̸顣Զ˵
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ԾԵĸֶΣͻƵǼЩҲһԱ֮
ϵܣţ΢һ٣óһɫƣݸԡ
Կ˿еƣǵһ˵ȻҲ֪ⶫʲôô
ԣ
ֻҪҵ֮ǵĿһû鷳ˡЦŵͷ˵ִƵ֮ǶٶȥĿһҲ飬⻹еһ顣
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ŶκҲ΢Ц
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595 Ļϲ
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⻰ĿоҲһ治֪Ǻӻôһݡѹ֣ǺߣһΪޱǿ߸汣
أżҲΪ˷⣬Բİš
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ĳϣȥ忴̸ԾӢ
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ڶ򵥵תһȦڵڶ㹺ҩȵһ㹺ҩࡣڶߣ󲿷ֶ쾳Ϊߣװ粻ٶðߣǵĹǱȽǿġ
Ա׼ϵ㿴
ֹ¥ݴԾͱ
ǵװ磬Ӧǵ¥Ļ
ȥ𣿡ЦЦʡ
Ի͵¥㣬۵ĶмҩҪȥ㣬ҪʾԻ͵¥ĹȻסԣ̬ȻǺܿġ
΢΢һ㶡
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ԵģӵйĿˣſԵ¥ɫͷ
ûйҡͷܲܰҽһ棿
⻰΢΢һ㶡
ʶܴˣЩɵĿ˿ԡ
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ҲǻԻ͵¥ʸϵ֮һˣԽԻ͵¥ʱǾԵһӶˣǴӶٵһ¥ڹһֱԾԸжԼȫ˻Ի͵¥ľӪϡ
ҲǾ֡ھǰˣȻӦʱٳǻԻ͵¥ˡ
Դˣ
δڣһӾ𡣾תһһɫȹŮӡ
ԴԷƬ̣˳ŮӣҲǵ¥ˣԼǵãŮĹֻǵ¥ͨӪҵԱ
ʱŮӻɬڿǳࡣ
Դˣ㣿ŮӸղֻǿԵıӰԻЩȷתԵݣһӼ첽ߡ
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˲ʶԣǶ֪֣֡Ƕٳһ档ȻҲǻԻ͵¥ˡ
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ȻʶҼģôأңôƯЦŰڰ֡
Ůӣɫʱ
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üûٶʡһ棬һоͶ֪ˡ
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ˣҶԵ¥ϤúܣԼȥСЦЦԻŮ˵
ŶŮ졣
¥ȻǹĿ;ʧ¥ϡ
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ţԴ˻ͺˣԴ˶ܣӦúܿذɣԴڻˣǻܸ𣿡˷ܵ˵
ܣڵ¥ڣǷǳصġΪ˺ܺãκ˶ûʲôӣҵ¥ЩԱʲô飬ֻҪæ涼ᾡ


598 
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һ㵽㣬۸ֵҩҩ
Ĳ㣬һЩ߲Աʹõ򣬰ʦľ
㣬ȫƵҩҩڡ
뾰һ뿪ٳǣûʲôı䡣
ĲһڣԼ߰˸ˣһųΧ
Ҿñ±䶯̫һЩҪȥԱڹϲûгʧûκɾͳǣ𣿡
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֮ǰΪϵĽԼˣ嵽¥Ҫĸλϡ
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ٴΣ涼ֻܰ̾һ£˵ԼȡԻ͵¥
ΪˣԻ͵¥ȨϣƣԽԽġ
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һˣǻӳ⻤ӳȻǾɽŪģȴͬǾˡԣ뾰ɽзʱ򣬻ӳ඼֧־ɽ
߼֮УˣǾɽĸֻһˣǿˡ
ڲϣɽľ飬϶ͨᱻӡ
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ϴģȻˣҲǰǺˡ˱£ȥˣȻǾɽˡ
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ɽܣҿһЩˣǵƺȷǲǣٿһʱ˵Ŀ⣬ɨеһļļϣעľǾɽҪ˵ĸλݡ
Ļ˵úίˡ
Ҳ֪ԼȫֹɽĻ˵ģʱ䡣
ȵǴӵܹܻǾɽӦþͲˣʲôˡ
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ڻ֮ǰҾ̸ˡһУΪ˵¥ķչѵ㲻뿴Ի͵¥׳𣿡ɽȴɫһ䣬Ŀⶢ棬ɭ˵
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599 ô
⻰ɽ۾΢΢һС
ܣҪҵ𣿡ɽ档
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ȻܵţǾͱɣɽЦ˵
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Ǻǣܣ˵ĻҶѾ˵ˡʵĵҲѿͬҵ᰸ȻͲҪˣԴҶкô˵ǰɣɽһƿһеĸоЦŵ
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ʱ򣬾Ѿڻ֮⣬վһᡣ
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󵨣
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ûңɽ㻹湻ԵġڻԻ͵¥ûܷ𣿡Կɽ˵
Ը磿濴ԣȴһϲ
˳Ի͵¥ˣû뵽ʱ򣬾ԾȻˡ
һʱ䣬еίͺ֮ˮһ㣬ȫӿһ˫ĿУҲЩӣһֱڼ֣˶ίֻԼ֪ȻܣȴǾˣʲô뾰ɽԿأ
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600 
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ɽڴˣ̹Ի͵¥ֿɽȵ
ˣǿҲá
ԣ㲻ôɽɫòҰס
ŶΪβô⻰Ц
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ǱԸϳԻ͵¥ǲʧȥʯԴܶˡ
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601 
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ллԹ֡
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603 ֮
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лл˵ľ֮Ծİһݡ


604 ȥ
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ʱҪˣ֪ԼҲǾˣֻôأ
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ҲǣĶٳǣס˿˵Ҳǧ֮ࡣ뵽ôɣŮһνǣͱǾˡ
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605 ȥ
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ʱҸ߲㣬峤Ұټ
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еĵλǲᱻġǶ֪ûоԣûڵľҡûоԣǾҿͱԼˡ
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606 ߳ϵ
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ԣ¿ǼƦģԼ֪Ұü˵


607 
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һ仰ͿԿóƽʱжôˡ峤ͳǰ⡣


608 һָɱ
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㾰Ըˣ㾰Ը磡߳ϳȵ
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Ը磬ʲôʱİһϲ
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Ը磬ʲôˣûӦֻͨ˰ɣӦܿ죬ĿеĳԾһţ̾ͻָЦЦ˵
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ǾɿˣôԲк³үүҲ
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ʱѾܲ²⵽ľһӶ˵ʱñصٳǵľײˣȻڵ鷢
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ȴ̾Ϣһ
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ԣ㾿ûɱˣѵҪΪˣԸңԸֵͬܣ˫Ŀ죬ǾԴˡ
Բðɣҡҡͷ
Ѿ˵κλˣɱ
˵ʲôĶžԡ
ԣ߳ݣҵĴûпþ㿴ķϣһҡҿԴҵ
ΪҷһΣ֪ڸѾħˣûл⣡Կһ߳ϣҡҡͷ
ˣԲãӦǲܵġԣְɣУʧ
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609 ڲԲ
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ǺǡȷʵˡҲãӽ쿪ʼҾͲǾҵ߳ϡ߳ǿЦصĵͷ
Եľڼڣûܹı䡣
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˼ңأԵͷֿԻߡ
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610 ϹŶ
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ԵʦڿǰʯɽɣǺЦеĿžԡ
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611 
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612 Źֵķ
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613 
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үСϾܣǼûϣһҲֶġЦ
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615 ׵Ϣ
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616 ϵĿֲ
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κβңڣֵҹˣЦ

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ô󷨣γ谭ôף
ƥúһɣԺٺһЦ
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䣡
ǣ͵סԵĹȻʱڲᱻƣͨ͸ùǺӲϱش
Ƭ̺󣬹ǺӺϢ˵ϡ


619 ֮
ȻסҲܿ顣
Ǻӱһˣ˫Ŀ죬뷢ţд󺰴С
ΣǱùǺӡڣǺӾȻˣżҽ
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쵰
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620 
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ЩСȷʵܹ죬ǺɫģҶīһڡ
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һ׺ݵƿŮӣӰһźɫСǰ
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⡭⡭
ôǹǺүôήĸɴ۾ɫҰף΢΢

⼸Ų۵ĺɫСһţǹǺӵ
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˵һʱҪߵѪҺһΣȻߵ꽨ϵ
ˣҲ֪ڵһʱȥ
żĴ壬ΪҪĳԱۼԱںεأܵһʱ֪
ĸ磬Ǹ֮һҪֻҪÿ쿴ʱܵõٵԴ͡
ĸѾʮδήԣʱıŻˡ
ĸ硭Ū˼ˣŮӻ֪ʲôŸոձĸƶĵط
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621 ŹֵӰ
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ݼ棡ĸڿߵò̾ͳϻ̳ϿֵĹȥ
ڼŽʱûйݡߣȴֱӹȥɴ˿ɼߵݣȷʵ峤Žߵöࡣ
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⡭԰ﲻǺʯɽԿ˿ܣ֣Լƺֻص֮ڡ
ôҲѾӳ뿪ôֻˣǾʯʱҲŵòᣬ֪ʲô顣
Сѣ㻹ðɣ
ʱһͻأĴ
ʶת֮գۼܵԶҪôռ䣬ض㵽Զĵط
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622 ֮
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ΪӰ˵ûж⣬ǾѾӰֻһƲлꡣûмˮ֮ǰܾҲϵòл꣬ھԼȷǰӰˮһĲлꡣ
ҿǰӰƺԶˮĲлǿˮǰܽò۳л꿴ȴģҲ˸ƺʱҪɢӡ
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Ϊл˼ƺ֪֮ѧ֪
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Ȼ֪ġӰͷЦ˵֮ѧ֪ܲ
ֽޣСγƺ޻
ʲôȴǾ
֮Ǵ˴ѧ

δü˵Ļش޵⣬ǰɫâһˮǬռ
ǰǰˮƺЩޡ
㡭ǣ֪ңˮлꡣ
Ȼ֪ǰĴ֪ܲһ֪ǰս֮Уնɱ壬ʮˮȷʵǺ˷ܡ
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Ȼ벻ӰȻǲμӹսĴܡ
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ܱôûôǿҪԭǰʵǿΪǬĴڡǬռУһ̶ܵõɢٶҪöࡣ
ҪûǬ䣬ˮԼɢˡ
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꣬ûսġΨһĹֶΣ깥ԼΪۣĶԷꡣѾǿ˵޵Ĳл꣬ˮڵĲл꣬ҲĨɱԡ
ԭԵĻ΢ͷ
Ѿ˶԰ɣ̾Ϣһûʣ֮ӦǲġȻ棬ҵļ壬Ӧ֮ܵ֡
޵Щ
ԴʱҲ֪˵ʲôˡ
ȷʵ˵½ʲô壬ġңļ壬Ҳδؾǰĺ
ȻϱȽϺļ壬Ҳȷʵкܴϣǰĺ
ֻǣļ壬Բ˵
޴磬ļ壬ҵ֪һЩˮԥƬ̣Ǿ˵Լ֪ġ
ңȷʵ˲⣡
ҲۼʱһᣬʵҲǿǵսҲܲġ
˵ϢȷģôңӦ⵽˼ΧɱһսΪҡԼĴۣ޴ļ壬ױݻ١ˮ˵
ȻĺҲδûӳġֽûǵϢҲпܣǶˣϾһ¶棬ͿܱǼΧˡǼ壬ڻڴ½кܴǱΪ½ߴ塣ˮЩ˵
ʱ򣬾Ŀȴһ
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ȥ»ɭϿѰѬʱ򣬾ʹһŮУһ˲Ѭ͸ݡǸŮߵ֣ǽ
᲻޵ĺˣ
Ͼϣȷʵټ
ǰǰżȻһŮӣܿĺˡ˵˳


623 ֮
仰˵޵ĲлԾ
ȻкܴĲ
ʣ˭Ը⿴Լĺ˱¾أ˭Լļ𣿱ΪĴѾڣȴ˵һŮߡ
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ǺǣСʩչ֮õ񾧣Ҳǲ̫ܡЦһ
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ȷʵˣֻõ֮ѧʯԵͷ
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˵֮Ը𣬾Ϊ֮ѧǼ壬Ϊҵֲ֮ԸЭַҡ
СѣԸѧ𣿡ЦЦ
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ǻ֪ҿٳһҲĿĵġսδ֮ǰ˭Ҳ֪ԣΪ˼Ҳſٳ㵽򲻵ѵʱ򣬾ͽҰǨ붴֮С
ǣ㲻㡣һɱʱȴʮչΧл߼ˣұشءƴһ֮ҲӻصڣȴҲûȥˡ̾Ϣһ


624 س
Ըоóλǰս֮ǰضǿߡ
ϹŶĹģҲܿߡʵǿܿٳ֮Ķ
ǰ壬ʲôӵģǣǴӺδʵ
СѣʵúãҶ˽ҲǺܶࡣҳ֮ǰļ꣬ˡ
磬һ壬һƯ޼ӴĴ½
֪ʱ磬ǲġ࣬İ
ڴ½ϣûкǿҰ޳ûҲ޼е࣬ʵǿһЩǿҲԶʥߡ
Ҳ֪ʲôʱʼˡǣͨһͨ硣ֱĳ֣ǲ֪ԭ磬ֻǺ嫻֮λеһǻǿޣǲϵķܣģ磬𽥳ָָǿҰޣѪȸߵޣѪȵһЩľǽޣûѪľǵͼͨޡ
ոյʱ򣬱ֵúѺáߣҲû塣ϣѹԭǵԴ࣬ӭЩԶ塣
ģͱˡͨͨԽԽࡣǵ󣬻ϵķܺȻǵķԶ࣬ǵĺߣӵз˼츳ʮѸ١
ĵԴԽԽ࣬ڣ˳ͻ
ҲףٲӦԵĻô࣬վ𡣡
ս½飬Ϊ޼һµһսΪĲңʥߣųϡȻͬ˲أԪˡ
ͨҲǿƻ廹ʹͨ뿪壬Ҳ޷ͨͨ硣
սڵ飬ҾͲ֪ˡҲ²⣬壬ӦǩͣսԼɣյʱͣսĻ弫ܶ᳹˵
Ժˮ겻ѡ
˵磬ֻλ֮һʱ򣬾ԸǺȻ
֮󣬾ԲŽ˵Ļ
СѣԺ壬һҪСġǣػģǵòͬƾֳۣ޶һ£ȻҲ屾ԶܻսʱҲԸġ
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˵ţͻȻ֮䣬ĲлϣһŰɫâ뿪žԻй
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Сѣ֮ؾ磬ңҲֻ˵ءڵأҲûдﵽԣǰ԰ҵķصʱ͵ԼˡҲ֪ǲɡ޵Щ١
ǰû°ɣЩŵĿޡ
ˣ޴Ѿٽ㡣ˮü˵
ǲصңûд֮ҵ꣬Ҳֲ˼ˡǺǣڣҵǲ֮ʧˡСѣ㽫ˣҵҵĺˣǲ֮ѧʹڸǡ
ˣϻ˵òˣǴȥֱһڶ
ֻǰһڣһûʧȥʶӾָ֣Ѿ뿪ǰϹŶ
վĵط֮ǰڡ
ˮҲھߡ
תĿ˿ҡҡͷϹŶѾʧˣӦǱǰرˡôżҵ붴Ҳǲˡǹżˣȫƿռ䣬ſٴν
ˮǰ߰ɣԿ˿Щпˮ
ţˮӦһһǬռ֮ڡ
ٳǳ
ˣ˵°ɣӢǵʡ
Ѿƿе֪ǺӲ⡣
ģԻΣա
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ǹǺӣǾԿ϶ûʲô£ǰԾ͸ɵһʦߣʵ϶ǿˡǺߵǸϣȴǷǳΣա
ɱԾԲϵĶ֡
ӢȷǺҲûдӺʯɽ԰ɣתʵ
ţʯɽҪڣҶ˼ӣǺӳһᱻ֡Ӣͷ
ǺûǾͺáƵ
ǺϳˣԲӰǿɾĲȻ˶ûʯɽǾԻŵĿȻʹһЩ


625 Ǻأ
ӾԸŹǺӽʯɽⶼȥһʱˣӢƵģҲ
ʯɽȻΣգǶһ߶ԡʦߣֻҪԼһЩǼԺʯɽˡ
ΪǶĽޣҲ൱ڵ龳۷ǵʦߡʯɽУû޴ڡ
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ûл𣿡ţЩŵʡ
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ɫȹŮӣǸ߷
վԺ͹Ǻ˻صٳǣδȥ߷ȸ߷õϢ֪Իʱ򣬾Ѿ˺ʯɽˣ˼ᡣ
⼸գ߷Ｘÿ춼ڣѯʾûдӺʯɽ
߷ҲصģԵʵԶԶҵģʯɽûʲôΣвŸ߷˵
˵ԵΪҲúܡҪǣԲΪ٣мʦͳʦ
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ţл˺ͳˡ߷˵ͷ
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ԭΪʱţ˼ʵϣ˼֮ȴҡ⼸ʱ֪ٴΣȥң̽ԵϢ
ںƷǵʱ򣬸߷ֻһߣδ̤졣
ٳǣ̶̼ʱ䣬Ѿ۷ˡΪ绹Ҫ߳Сˡ
ö˵츳࣬õԴҲࡣ
ɸ߷ĽٶȣΪαȸչôࣿ
ΪŬϣǳƴ֪Լ뾰ԵĲֲ̫ࡣСˣϾԡ
߷᳤̻ᣬûѰɣӢ߷ºʵ
ðţ̻ᣬ߷Ϊ᳤
ǰðУ߷ʵѾǿˡ
̻ķչͦ˳ģûʲô鷳Һ͸磬ųܸм̻֧֡߷˵
߷˵ҲʵûоӢ֧֣ڶٳǽ̻ᣬǿɲôס
Ӣ֪߷뾰ԣһЩϵȻΪչˡǾңں̶ܴ֧̻ķչ
Ǿͺã߷᳤ʲô˵⣬ֻҡ̻ķչȷʵܿ죬ŽһܳΪڣһĴ̻㡣ӢЦЦ
ǺǣҲֵ֧ġҲЦ˵
ԭ֪߷뾰ʶ⼸߷һֱʾԵϢȻƶ˵ĹϵӢһѯʣ֪߷ٳǣǾԵ˼Ȼ߷뾰Ųһĸ顣
һȻģԸ߷ҲĿ
˵ţһĻ첽
λˣԴѾˣ󣬾ʹ˵
ʲô
ڵˣһӴλվ
δü˵ڶ仰ڱһˣǴӺʯɽľԡ
ӢȻںʯɽڰ֣ʲôٶȡЩԣص㱨ҲҪʱ䣬ǵȻܿùԡ
ԣ
Ҿ˵һûµġ

ˣϲõķ׷׳
߷Կ߷΢΢һ㶡
˵ʵ֪߷ƺϲԼҪ˵Ը߷ûκκøУǾˡ
߷ӱȽֱˬЩֵģԸԾ;úܺáң߷òԪ½ҲǶġģ޻˵
ھ΢ʱ򣬺ɫӰӣ뾰ԵĻС
˼ڼˣ߷Ѿ޷Լˡ
˺һᣬ߷˺һЩĵͷֻĿĻ⡣
һĻӢƣöЩɵ
߷Ůˡи̾һ
ںܳһʱΪŮѩ½ϣҲò֮ȵŮӡڣƾãƺ߷ѩȡ
ͻȻЩ
߷ʲôŮѩô죿
ףŮǱȽ˽ģԿ϶ѩҲһϲԡֻǣѩԸȽϱ䣬ڱԼĵĸ顣ҪǿǱȵ컹ѡ
ҡҡͷҲ֪δֻ˳Ȼˡ
ԣǸүûΪɣҵϹŶ𣿡ӢЦʵ
ˣǺأûһƿ˿
Ե󣬺ûиˣѵǺϣѾ뿪ˣ


626 
ƵȻ뵽ǺӺϣѾھС
ǼǺûΪѾ뿪ٳˡ
תĿ˿ܡ
䣬ʱֻĸˣղͨĻѾ˳ȥ
⼸ˣǾȫεģǲὫϢȥ
ǺϣѾˡԻӦ˵

ʲô
ԣ㲻ǿЦɣˡ
ҡҡͷ
Ǻɱңַֻܳɱǡ¶εı顣
ˣǸǺӣʲô˰߷￴ʵ
֪Ժ͹Ǻӡ˽ʯɽѰϹŶ֪ǺӾʲôݡ
ڼƺ;Ӣı飬Ȼɻ
ɱԣԷŪǣǺ顣˵̬оǺӵƺô򵥡
ƿЦһ¡
߷֪Ԫ½ʥǰɣ
֪ʥǵʥԪ½߷ͷ
ĸ߷ɲǼǰʱܱȵˡԴӽ̻󣬸߷Ӵ˲Ԫ½ĸϢ˽ҲԶԶǰ
ʥ֮£½ߴ壬ǵǿ󣬼ֱܹʥǡʥ޷¡Ƽ˵Ǻӣߴйżҵӵܡ
ǸǺӣôͷ߷Ҳһ
ˣǺӻǹżҵĺѡ峤֮һżֻѡ峤һιżҵ峤ǴӺѡ峤ѡƼ˵ھɱ˹Ǻӣżҿ϶ưոݵġ룬ò˶ʱ䣬ͻ׷鵽Եϡ
⡭⡭߷Ҳˡ
ˣʥˣǹżңѵҲܳ棬ﾰż̸̸𣿡߷ｹ˵
ң
߷̫߿ˣ
ȷʵʥˣǹٷˡһ飬żҵǶٻһӡϵǺӵż˾ԲСġƿЦҡҡͷ
ԣһΣͱ˴¨ӡԣôɵϵģǺΪһ㣬ϵʵҸоǳֲתĿԡ
ȷʵǿԻɱϵľҲٴθпԼɱϣкܴɷڡ
ǸϣʲôΪӢһ䡣
ǵ۷徳磬ǺӲֻ࣬ǵʦ۷塣˵
⻰ƵٴȫһŵĿžԡ
۷壿
ǿߣȻԸŪˣ⡭ôܰ
ʵɱϣҲһЩ󷨣ɱҡҡͷ˵ϸڣԲ˵
ԣڴô죿ƽ𾪵ƽžʵ
ѾˣǺϣٻڵĵģҪҵļ塣˵
ڵʵżҿ⡣ңͬˡ
һż˹ңǾҾԵסһʦߣþҳʧϡ
Ҳǣĵġ
ļ塭ҵа취۾һöԸʹáʥǹżңҲǻɵֵġҲھڵĻ¾ͲˣҾùżһðŴʥϵķգûʲôˡ
ҿ뿪Ե˵
ӢʥƵĲڽ㣬ת峤һżҪԾҲҿԽóͳһɫƣݸӢ˵
μҾó޷μҳ֡
˲ԷĲ١
˷ʱˣԣھȥǡһʥ˴Ϣܲʥ˳档ֶԾ˵
룬ͷͬ⡣
Ҳûиõİ취ˡ
ڻصҲδػᰲȫżҵ̫ǿˣǴףҲס
߷ڶٳǣҪСһ㡣һ˶Ը棬ϴˣ뾰լԺԶԸ߷˵
ţס߷ͷ
Ҳžһߣǣ̻ܽ¡ڴ˸ߣǾ͸ˡ
²˳٣ԣ̷ǡƻ˵
˵뿪ٳǣǷжȥ
պ󣬵ִǡ
Ƶһʱ䣬ͨһѶʯʥǴϢ
⴫ѶʯǼ亱ġ˵ֻʥܹƣΪԭ÷򴫵Ϣֻʥߣ÷򡣷ؼ޴ڣôѶʯϢǳݡ
ⶫ١Ŀǰڴ½ϴڵģǺܾǰµġ


627 Ϊ
УҲֻһѶʯң⴫Ѷʯʥʥ
ǣҲֻһѶʯ
żϢѾȥʥǣŲþͻлʥ˳棬żҾٷŭҲȫʥ˵˼ƿοԡ
ţסӦ
ʥǣʥ
ʥܹܳãҴҸϵʥʥˡ
ãôҹңƳۣͷɫڣȥͲӣ򳣻Цʵ
ʥˣҸոսӵƴһϢ
һЩ̫õ顣΢΢̧ͷµ
ãʥļ죬Ҫ鱨
ЩҪʥϢһ㶼ȴãɳת
Ŷ£ʥñ࣬ҲЦݣʵ
ǸСйءõ
뾰ԣˡڵϣ뾰Խʥίܾˡ
ԣ
룬ܾǸСһʥ΢㵵
ûصʥǺʥ̸ԣбĿģǾԶĵһ츳ˣÿ϶ҪؽԵϢʥ
ʥóȥμӵᣬҲһ㡣
ܵ㵤ĵʦʥҲҪ˽һ¡㵤ϵĵһ˽ȻһЩ
ԣõͷ
Сʲôʥʵ
ɱ˹Ǻӣһ˵
ҪΪϢԴģĺϢġڸոսӵϢʱҲƬ̡
ǺʲôˣõȻ֪
˵ʲôʥüͷ͵
½ƿߣϢҲǱݺһ¡
Ǻӣǿǹżҵĺѡ峤ʮ󣬹ǺӺܾܿǹż峤
ԣɱ˹Ǻӣ
⵽ô£
ɱǺӣѵ˰ģ֪ǺйżҰŵĻûǴǺӵĻϰɣ磬һ۷ߡʥԹǺӵҲָơ
ȻܣǶɻɱǺµġ
϶ʲôˣߣ
ľҲûۼ֪ϢͨѶʯ˹ųɵĿԣǾԶԻɱǺϡ⣬ԲǵʦһʦԣܻɱϣһЩ󷨡û˵
˵Щ÷˼һ۷ߣȻԸŪˣЩס
ʥĬ
ʥˣԣǧѵһţǲʣԿӲżҵ׷ɱżң׷ŹԵġʥһû˵˵
£Ѱ죡ʥüҡͷԣҲֱӲֱļ壬ҵǿ԰һ¡ƻظɣþԼҸطԺ󶼲Ҫ¶ˡԵļ壬һᾡùżҲǳֵġ
⡭ĵףϣʥܱԡ
ã֪˼Ҳ֪Щ飬ҲΪġɱǹżͨӵܣҵǿԳ̸һ̸ǹǺʲôݣүүǹȫɱӣΪҳ棬ͷ𣿡ʥĿй⻪һ
̾һ
ףʥ˵ʵȫϼһɲöԸʱʥҲʹ
ͻظƣ¶ε顣
һΣͱ¨ӣʵ̫ˡ
ǣ
ݼ棡Žվڹȫǰ
𣿡ȫϣƽĿе⣬ȴŽȫ䡣
šǺӵһоԵйءǺԣһͬ벻ǰǹżֵһϹŶǸԳˣǺȴûܳŽش
żҵȷʵޱȵľˡ
̶ֻ̼ʱ䣬ͽòˡ
ԣʲôݣȫһȫɱӿ
ŽھԵһУϸ˵һ顣
ô˵Ǭ䣬ӦڴˡǺҲ°ɣȫվ
пܡŽ˵ͷ
ӴҪȫ΢󣬱˵
ǣŽӦ棬һ£ʥ˴ϢҪȥʥһˣ˵̸룬йأܻܿŹԡ
Ǻǡ
ŹСͰˣߣȥʥҵҪʥ˵ʲôȫϢһ֮УȴǴһζ
ȻʥҲѹȥʲô顣


628 ·
żҺѡ峤ǺϢҲǿٴ
ͨ߻֪ΪǵݾǺѽӴϢЩ塢Ǻ׾͵õϢ
ʱ򣬴Ҷġ
Ƭ½ϣ˸ɱżҵĺѡ峤
ûöãϢͱȷϡ
һʱ䣬˶ϲּɱǺӵľԣ
֮󣬾ԵͺܴˣЩҲעԡֱ֮ǳ׸˾ԿǲŴ´ͷ
ȴû뵽Ų֮󣬾ԱٴŪôĶȻնɱ˹żҺѡ峤Ǻӡ
ߴң̼ҡ
żοǶˣѡ峤Ūˡ
ȫϼһˡǺӣӰò˵ϼһҲ˵ãһǧˣȻӡҲǺü꣬˹Ǻ
̼һЩ߲㣬Թżҷ£ϲɫ٩٩̸
ߣһ
ţһɫ۵ߣ
̼档
ˣȫ༶Ϲ
棡̼Ҹ߲㣬æа
棬żҳˣȫĵǺӣһоԵɱ̼峤æ˵
ţ֪ˡ£ǾͲҪٺ̸ˡżҵ£ǿС̼۾ڰ֣̬˵
ǣӦ
ߴңң
ҵûż桢̼ϹңҲͷͷͬǻ˳һǧǿˡ
ԣһһˡ
Ȼܸɵȫӣеǣ
ӣҲ˶ˡȫԲŹġʶˣҲˡ
ͷһ̸۴¡
Ԫ½ϣ⼸գ϶ڲ̸¡
Ǽϲּżҳ飬ֵÿ֡
ȻһǵʶҲͬǾɱǺӵľԣɡ
ȫԲԵĻڡ
ʥ
ʥкҪԸȫʥ̲˵
Ȼ΢ϣжٶʥء
ϿˣʥȴЦе˵
ʥл˵ɣһбҪûʱȫ̧Ŀǵ۾ʥ
ðɣҲĨˡʥվ˵֪ǺˣɱҽйϣܷŹԡԪ½ôһţסˣܿϧ
ʥŹȫ˵
ȫЦ
ʥ˼˵ҵӹǺӣ˾Ͳϧȫǵ۾ڣһ⡣
ǺѾˣɱ˾ԣǺҲʥü˵
ʥ˵ˡ˵£ˡҲܴӦоԵ֣ɣ˭Ҳ赲ңҹȫӣܰȫͳĺʥ֮лص
ʥ΢΢һ̾
֪϶ȫɱԵľģʥҲ޷ı䡣
ȻϾˣ˼Եļ徰ңϣܹȫ֣Ҫʥһת˵
ȫĿĶʥ
ûǶʮǰǩЭɣ
ҪңǱߣҲ޷ɣһŭ¾ǹżңҲӦԡ
˵һִ󣬶Թżҿ϶ûʲôôļ壬֪ǬֶϢ֪Ǭھϣǻ޶𣿡ʥ˵
ʥв𣿡ȫѹ͡
в㣿ûУҳ⣬ҿɲұ֤ǬϢᴫȥʱ򣬹ϿɾоѹˡϣϸǡʥϢҲ
ǣʥһ֣Ӱһʧڴ֮С
ſյĴʥ̾Ϣһҡҡͷ
ǣϣ㲻ҪңģôˡĶӣҿˡʥĿ⿴Զеૡ
ǣ
⡭
ƵõʥǴصϢ
ȻǲУεҡҡͷ
ˣʥ޷ֹż𣿡Ľ쿴ơ
ţʥϢˣֹ˹żұԡᾡԵļ塣Ƶ
Ҹô뾰˵أ룬żҵǿߣϾ͸õ˰ɣƿЦٴҡͷ
ˣʱ򣬾Դ˽
ҵ·ˣЦЦѾƺĽĶԻ
ԡƲ֪˵ʲô
޷ü֣֮Ѿܺˡˣܹܴˣҽ뿪Ǻڡ֣ص˹˹֡


629 Χɱ
ಣ
뿪ǣ򱱷С
ص
û㡣
Ȼеȥżɱ׶ֹףֹ˹ż
Ǵڵ󼰣ϣײܵסżҡ
ʥǵʥΪôֹżң
ԣȥ˵ֻ״ȥ޴鷳׶ԾһֱԲܶ𱨣ˮϡ
ֻнԨһĿű
ԨȻΣءΣķż˽ȥҲͬй˼ɣ޷ſֽš
˼ȥԨƺõѡ񡣷۲δӵùżҵ׷ɱ
żҵ̫ˣһ壬ƿذ˿֮أʾǿߣмߣ͸ࡣǵ鱨磬ҲԪ½ܶ㵽ʲôطȥ
һ·С
ҲûпļӿԼķٶȣķ·ߣҲֱߣǲϱ÷
Ϊһ·ֱеĻǱżĿԾͻӴϱ÷ÿ춼µĵطżҪѶȻʹˡ
˵ԾԵʵֻǵʦ߽ɱ٣ҲֻеϵǿߣܸԴв
ʱҴңһȻǹࡣ
֮أڱˣ
Կ
ಣ
֮ϣԵٶȿ쵽զࡣһʱ䣬Ȼ·Ҳûз֮һľ֮ϡ
򲻸ˣ֮أǱա
ȫ߶Ԫ£Եķٶȣ˳һ롣
ŵ֮Ǿǵ۷ߣҲ׷Ͼԡ
żң
棬ǸϹŶ֪ʲôڲˣŽսսĶԹȫ
˵ʲô
ϹŶڣˣô᲻ȫɫ
ȷʵǲˣ֮ǰڣʧӰ١ܣֻʣһƵĸ߼󷨡һɣϹŶڷһЩ飬ŵʧŽҲƵúܡ
һ˵ϹŶһ֣ǻ϶ʧϹŶڣƫƫˣżɳˣԭλϸѲ飬Χ֮⣬Ȼûκη֡
ҵǸڣʬ嶼ˣȫȫϢ
ŽĬȻ֪˵ʲô
ǸСأȫʵ
׷֮У˼Ϊƻ뿪ÿ춼ڲͬĵطѾɳȥ׷ûܽ伩סһЩٵŽҡҡͷ˵
һȺȫݺݵĵ
֣һҪСץסҪġҪֽСϵ⣬һ˺ȫڷڻš
ǣŽӦȥ
ʱ䣬һȥ
һգѾǾ뿪Ԩȥº
Ƕˡ
ٶȣִԨܻҪʱ䡣
ţż
Ҿ·֮ܽɣǾܸˡʱ򣬾ǵʾߣҲδץסңʱסܻǰʮ֮⣬һУӦǶĿǡ
ƹȥԲ뿤ǡ
ֿǣضйżҵߣһ룬ܾܿͻᱻ֡
ܱߡ
ǸԣĻﾭ
ʮӰۼڶ֮ĳһ˿˵
ҲȷСӽƻĺܡҵõ߲㴫ϢصطСӿܾĵط֮һ⼸طҲǼ˿ءΪ׵ˣ۾˵
СӵҲ̫ˣҵǹżңߣصٺãҲɣһһ
Ҳܴ⣬СӾ˵ʵܲһһҪСĵ㣬ؽסһˣǵȴǵģǺĳͷΪ׵˶˵
ţֻҪСӳ֣;ԲˡץסСӣμĽǷǳġһЦ˵
ʮˣȫǵǿߡڹż֮ڣҲĸ߲Զǳϼġ
żΪܹץסԣ֮ˡڵĳϣȫ˳
Ȼ֮µЩԱҲֲ˸ǡ߲Ҳ֮µߣֻҪϱԲܳ֡
ԣɱϵˣȻżҲ֪ϵô£ԾԲӡҲϵ֮µߣѶԸԡǰΧɱܻܿᱻԷɱ


630 նɱ
żӴ鱨תǷǳµġ
ңżһհҹɱ֯½κһǶ֯ڣùżҿԸɵõھԵϢ
żѾȷվԽڶǸǼʮϣء
ʮߣһʵǿģһ۷ǿߡһ۷壬ڡʣˣҲǵںΪ
һƬУ۲ܵաѾȴҹ֮ã
쿴˷ɹ
ͻȻһ
ʮĿ⣬˲ӹȥ
ȻһɫӰϵֽ
ʱ
ԣСӣû뵽ôãȻĴǿصĵطΪ׵Ĺżҳϣ˵òܵ˵
ĳϣ𣿡һĿ⿴Ϊ׵ĳϡ
԰꣬ٽһ㡣һΣǱ뽫伩סԲˡĳҡҡͷ˵
ʱԾǻгʮӡðȻԿ϶תӴܡΪȷһʧҪٵƬ̣ȾԸӽӽƬ֡
ʮ˶סĿתĶ֮ϵɫӰ


һ
ţԿٶס
ԾĿ˿ܣֿǰƬ֡
ӦΣڽӽԼ
ѵ΢΢ת
ãСƺˣ
ϣץסĳһͺȡ
ಣ
ʮӰžԼٳ̹ȥ
ԿʮӰӽһƲƲĿ⣬һӶԷӹ
ûеʾǿߣӦöǵ΢깻ǿԷеʾߣǰ֪
֮غ󣬾ԵٶǷǳֲģֻҪԷûеʾߣҪ׷ԼԲԣǲżܡ
СǲɵˣȻܣһżҳϣЦ˵
һľ룬ڵ˵Ҳʱӹ
̶̵ʱ䣬ʮ˾Խǰ
ԣܲģȰ㣬ǹԹ־ܣǻȥֻҪϣܻΪ׵ĳϣž˵
ǵõָǻ׽ԣֱܽɱԸ־ܣȻʡ²ٵ
ǹżΪץң湻ʦڵģҪҸǻȥǿЦǾÿ𣿡΢Ц
ĳϣСӷϻˣ¡ҵҪСӳ˼ԴһϽ
ϰɣסҪģĳһ֡
ϣֱԡˣɢ¾ߡ
꣡
ֱչһ̳У㶪˳ȥ
ʱ䣬Կ˲м΢󷨡
ã󷨣
ܿ
żҳϣһӶʮ̣ǵȻᾪš
飡
ȫһɫη俪˲䣬һżҳϱС
Щ󷨣ǹ󷨣
߱ڣԲɡ
ģСôộżҳϺ
콫ץסˣĳȡ
ĳǵ۷ߣһġԸоóʵǿЩȥ̣󲿷ֶ϶ġ
һܶܿ߰˸̶۷ΪĳϣҲ⣬˽ȥ
Ӷ󷨱ݣͷ֣ʱȥԣæЩûбסĳϣǼþԡ
ĳϵĴûбֵĳϣͬʱžɱȥ
ΪҪץģֶȫԸ
֮Դ߶
еɫۡ
ʥ⽣׼һڵĹżҳϣ׺ݵնɱȥ
ɫ⣬ϵۣؼ½â˵ɱ⣬ǡ

һҽд
һΪĳϣ޵
Գ̫ˣϾȻֻǵʦ۷Ϊ乥ȴԱߡһߣǳܲס
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С֣ȫڻ̲סˣӰһҪ֡
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׳Ķ飬Ҿǡܲض𡣡ЦŶԺף˵
ԡ׳̾һ
С֣Ϸ־ܣȫŭٶų֡
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637 
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ϵƣ˴룬ҲȶˣͬΪЧãõһ޸
ԿˮĲлվԱߡ
ǰԨʲôͷԿˮʵǬСڣܰȫ𣿡
ˮҡҡͷ
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Բŵĵɴ۾


638 
ԨԻһЩ˽⣬֪ս֮ǰԨڡ
ԨǱսġ
ԨȴδţͲ֪Ԩ֮УȻһֲԨ
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ңǿߣԨһ̽ԨΣգʥ߶Դ
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Щ޴ڵʥߵֵȻЩҲ룬ЩסʥôԨأ
ԨУΣղЩ
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ԲѯҲ֪ʱԼԨ϶ǹر״̬ġ
ǰΪô˽Ԩѵ棬бԺܿ뵽˹ؼ֮
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ǧǰսˣǩͣսЭ飬ݣֻʥ߱Ƚս类飬ʥųɣһЩʥ߻
Ǻܿ죬ͷһֵ顣Щʥߣûгڴ½ϡǣͺʧһ㡣
ʾǿߣѰʥߵ䣬ҲûҵҪĽ

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639 ʹ
ˮҡͷ
˵ʵҲ֪ǬСܲܵסΣաҴﵽʥҲûٽԨˮҲֳЦı顣

ֻǬСһˣε˵
ǬС綼ܲסǾԾǱˣͲ˵ʲôռ֮ģЩҲûһֵܵס
ҿʱʲôһ
һ꣬ǴǬС͸˳ȥ
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һոǬС磬ֱӱʲôû
ԣûʲôõİ취ֻܲǬС֮ڡģǼԼΪ
ʵԽǿĻԽ󡣡ˮžԡ
ţǰ˵ĶԣԵͷ
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ܰʾߣʥЧԲ
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ܱԣҲΪżңһһЩ档
ǣԵûùȫˣӵŭϣٲϣûʳǬϢ֮ǰ
ȫ֮Զ֣ĿʲôΪǬ䣡ûǬأǹǺӱɱȫͲԽԨҲΪ˲̽Ե䣬Ԩе֧ʮƷʯ


640 Եĸ
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ǬھϣҲһͬԨ֮С
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ΪǬ䣡
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ȫǰ֮¼ϣĿϣӾ¼ϿеõǬ䡣ڣжϣǬ䱻ԴһͬԨˡҪõǬ䣬Ǿ͵ٵʮ꣬Ԩٴοʱ򣬽뵽Ѱҡ
ȫž¼ϵΪԷһһǴԨǾ¼ϣԼе̸г롣


641 
ǣڣ
ܹĽ죬Ž֮ɫҴơ
ˣĽ
죬ôˣֳʲô飿üʵ
ϢʹЩʱգơĽˣܲģĵ׶׷ɱԵĹżҶܷŭ
û취żҲƥеģΪԱҲ
ˣ㿴ɣĽóһŰƴֽݸơ
ţѩּĽһֽϵּ֪ԼŮѩдġϢȻҲǰѩӶǴġ
⡭⡭
ɶ񣡰ѩôᡭƿѶϢ󣬱ֵĽ
ѶϢݺܼ򵥡
ѩ֪ͨҲƣ˵Լٵζǳְίˡ
ѶϢϵĵһݣڶǣѩҪԨ
ȻѶϢûȷ˵ѩҪԨʲôƺĽ춼ѩ֮ͻȻҪԨ϶ѰҾԵ䡣
ǣ԰ѩʵΪԨǻܻų
ѩֻǵ龳ߡԨڣڻҲǼȵΣհһ壬Ƕܱɱ
ô죿Ľ쿴ƣҪȥǣܲüֹѩɵ¡Ԩǽذ
ȥһ˰ɣ˵
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ԣҲˡ
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ڣսǸߣҸҪκ󷨣Ūǡŵתͷ֪ڵʵֵܲʾڵ߹
ڣһԨڳȥֿյ̾Ϣһ
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ģ⵽׸ô죿ѵҾԶˣüͷ塣
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԰꣡
ƶϲǵԨײӦþͲˡռ䣬ҲӦûȶˮ
ײԿˮ
ԣǬС֮ڣǬСԼȥȻΪռӰ죬ٶȻȽܽԨײˮ˵
΢΢һ
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ھҲ޷ǬС磬ֻҪ뿪ǬСͻᱻɱҲֻǬСн䣬ܼ١
Ҳ֪ҪòִܵԨײҡҡͷ
ҪܾãԨǳģǴڿ״̬ûʲôΣգʾߴҲҪʱص棬Ҫʱ䡣ˮҡͷ˵
̾Ϣһ
ʾߵķٶж죿ˣüʱܴӶ˵ײԨ湻ġ


642 
ȻҲִԨĵײʱ޷ǬС磬ֻǬС沨
˵ڵִԨײҲ޷뿪Ԩ
żһôûУ˳Ȼͺá
̺ܣȷʵǷǳĿֲ
Դӵʦ۷壬ȻҲʹ˴ԴĵǴͷɵĿǰһö񾧶δꡣ
µʱ䣬ûͣЪ񾧡ȴһö̺ûꡣ
Ҳ̲סٴ̺֮̾ǿѹ֣ʾٶȶܿ졣
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ܣҪ뿪Ԩյϣܾڡſ뿪ķ۾
ˣȥ˵Ժܿ˾
²⣬ܿǱƵġƿܵˣһֱûг֡þԾãԷһҪɱԼֻߣԭ
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˳ſͻصķҲ΢ӿһЩнٶȡ
յʱ
ǡԿ˷һͷް
ǰǰ쿴ɣٻˮ


647 
Ԩ
ڵõˮ϶Ļش󣬾Գĺһ
ԨѴ֮á˵粻úͱ
ʱȥȻڴ˵ء
֪ڣû뿪ԨԴʱеԸ뿪ԨصԪ½
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Ԫ½ϣԼͱ϶˰ɣ·أǲ̫ˣǵȵʮ֮С
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ܻ뿪ԨԱزŹżҡҪżңѪծѪ
Сһˣ
ʱһͻأԱһ
Ȼû֣ǰ棬ʲôվʱĿȻۣԼĿ֮һӰ
֮ǰЩɱʱ򣬾Ծв²⣬ܱǱ˿ơ
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ԨԨǹرյģʥǿ߶ܽôʱ˵ˣνģ
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֪Է˵ӦþԨ󷨡֮ǰͿռи󷨵Ĺԡ
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ԣֻܿԼˣû취㡣ϰɣȥɵˮĶԡ
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Сһʵɲ
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䣡
ֱӱֲ˳ȥ
ͬʱҲԷûʹκֻǵԼһơ
ԼԷһƶסԵǷ֣ԷĹ治ԪһԷĿǿܣĿܡ
Һڽ䱸ڷ֮ǰת壬ҪȻʱ¶Ѿشˡ
СһʵȷʵߣȻܵסһƣ˵
ڣԲźȻһ֮⣬Ȼһˡ
⻰е˼ƺԼֵΪߡ
ܱܲ죿߲ͷĻӦ
Сһ棡һžԳ˹׵ľ룬Ҳɲ֮䣬͵˾Խǰ
⣡һıסˣеնɱ֣Ԫ߶ޡ
Ѿôǿˣʵжǿ٣߲ɣһ߾ԶԶǶ֣˵ٶһ
ЯŽʥ⽣նɱȥûпͷһͽǬС硣
ԴصĴϢš
̫ǿˣ
ȻֶξҲܻߣԵЩΡ
һԷֳһ꣬С͸ȥ뿴ԼǬС֮ƿܵĶǬһЩʲô
ŭ
㿴Сһŵ˰ɣںˣֶǬˡ߳ͺ
ߣҲһ㵽ǬڵġӲ˵
ٲϾͶȥɣˣղСһĹΪһѹĸо߻һת
ţȷʵУҵĹֻ֡ǣ뷨ֲͬûôǿ󣬵ȷʵһζˡĪǣһߣҲطҲüơ


648 
߶ԻǬСڲΪͷԵҲ
Сһ֪ͷ꣬͵˵ɣ
ģսǲɱ㡣Ͼõ˲ִУƺ츳ӡҪˣǻܿϧġ
ɣ
ߣȣܸӦԵ
Ǭڵľԣü˼
ߣԼƺû̫ӡƿܵĶʵǿԼСһЩΪãǲСĵĻԷƭȻ˲ϢɱǺڶûᡣ
ˣһȶһʱ˵ջ꣬Ŀս
תۣȥ
ߣҲһֱšʱˣѵü˽ò׵ȵ˾ԣǲ׷
۾ͻȻһָӦ˾Եܳ֡
СһͿɣһģҲˣ㽻֡ˣҲѹԼΪѹڵ۷Σ̾Ϳ˵
ʱҲǬΣ߽֣ÿһμֻУԾͻ̽Ǭ䡣
ȻʵϽǺѵס߼ι
ʱĽӴԷ֣ߣȷʵûɱԼ˼٣ڶʱڣӦǲɱԼ
ৣٶ
һΣȻվԶԶĵطս
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һɱĴԪ󣬾ԽǬָ
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ԣٳ߽к
ߣѾ֪˾Ե֡ԣ֪ͬȷʵǿܣֻǱȽ⣬ͨܲһǶӵԼҲʱ˥ϡߵ˵ǵˣһǿˡ
λ˽죬ЩܣҲλġ
ߣǽʿĽʿһ߸֮⣬дϴʿ
ߣʵģ൱ʾ۷սϴ壬ʵ壬Ҳǿöࡣ
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ܣϵ뾰ɱʼʱǶսѹڵ۷塣ǴԼһӣԵ۷սͲǾԶˣҪ֪ȻѹսɱϾӵпȵʾ۷εѹսĹҲԶһʾڲεߡΪ˲Իܣֻнһս
ʱȥˣ
ǬС磬һö񾧣תһ񹦡ǰдļƷʯԼʢƿ
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ڼ֮ǰԵľ磬˵ļޡңɱҲܼõ
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ǲͻƵʾǾԲܻȫ̬ߵġȻ뾰ϤˣҲԲžԹȥǵõĺǾԲΥġ
ʼɱ䡣
Χɫ
֪һɱ䣬ҪԼӵʦͻƵһЩ
ͻƵʾҪȻǵʦͻƵܱȵġǣԴڵʦʱǼ仺ġڴﵽ˵񾧵ٶҪȵʦʱ
ӵͻƵʾɱӿһЩ
~~
Եͺһ޵׶
յֲ֮࣬
񾧣棬ԪתܶѻļƷʯӴƷʯֱ̺ͷųžԵӿȥ
濴ȥͺӼƷʯڣͷųİԵ壬еİյڡ
ÿһʱ䣬вټƷʯΪ촷ۡ
ҺΪҪ񾧣治֪ԵնټƷʯ֧ӵͻƵʾҪµƷʯٶҲСʹû꾧У̫࣬ڵľҲһӳܽƻ꾧Ĵ֮


649 ʾ
Ԫ½ϣʾߣ۷ˡ
Ϊȵʾǿʥ伣ҲӰˡʾߣǴ½Ĵڡ
½ϣʾߣʵͲࡣ
Ҫ̤ʾеѶȣһ޷ġ
Ҫ֪ߣӵһǧԪɼˣһǧʱ䣬ܽʵĵߣվٲ֡
һ̤˵츳ˡɾЩ츳ǳţҲֻٲ֣ܽΪʾǿߡ
˵ҪΪʾߣҪٵѶжôľˡ
˵ǾԣҪ̤ʾҲôɡҺãз񾧿ʹá
̺طγɣԸʾͻƵʥһԿ񾧺ǿ
ڣǴӵͻƵʾʹЧض˵һĵ߾õҲֻܸɿţղˡвһ񹦣
ӵʾվһǳ޴ĿԽԣĵʱ䣬ԵñȽ
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ӾԿʼͻƾ˽ӽ֮á
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ܣǲһʯ۳
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ʱ򣬴ӾڣһɺƵȻ䴵
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˸еһĻųˡ
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꣡
Բڿռһ£˳ȥԲ֮һĺɫѺۡ
գ֮䣬ɫԲͷɳ֮ڡһɫѺۣҲԶ
ڵϵľԣ۾ǸֳһĨЦ⣬˫Ŀ֮Уһ˵ơ
ɹˣ
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ǵʾյ𣿡̲סķ̾
ʾյ˾ԵԤϡڵ۷ʱ򣬾ԾѾǿˣܻʿҪ֪ʿ֣ɱ󲿷һĵʾߡǾԣȴڵ۷徳磬ǡ
ɴ˿ɼڵ۷ʱսͼǿˡ
̤ʾһǰ۷ľԣֱһˡ
֮⣬ԸоԼĽ⣬Ա֮ǰ˲СĽ
ȻȻԶķȣڵʱȷʵٴδ˲١⵹ãԼģһܹӦؼ䷨İþϲ
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СӣˮƮԵߣ˿ԣ̾һ䡣
ǰˮ˹
ԣҶЩĽˡȻܵõ񾧡Щ񾧸ӵͻƵʾǿɲ֪õȵʲôʱˡˮҡҡͷ˵
⻰ԿЦһ˵ǰҵõ񾧣ȷʵáôԨģǱ׷ɱİ
СӣڲǺúõ𣿶ԨǺ¡ǰûЩʿʲôġ
룬ֻرյʱ򣬲Żиʿְɡʱʿ֡
һԨøҲ˵һЩʿõĺôʿҲ˵ˣõεĲִСأǵˣǬĴڡ
޷ĴڰˮЩ˵
ʵϣˮ˵ҲܷòࡣЩʿȻԼǵĶⲢ࣬˵ûκζ⡣ֹԼһֿ顣
ͬǵĿ飬˵ܵõĺô
ǰͳȥߡڵΪⲻ󣡡Цݣˮ˵
ߣսǿԱȵĻʿӦöһĵʾ۷ߡ㲻磬ҲԲȥ
ڵľԣԼߣ㹻ŵġ
ոͻƣ֡


650 Ű
ৣ
뿪ǬС硣
СִǬСڻˡ
һΣСʧ˽꣬ҶΪҲҳˡ
ߣһ뾰ģһֵҳ˰Ӱһߵǰתߵ˵
ߣһŤͷû뾰ԽֵĻᡣ
֮Э飬뾰ԽֵĻᣬһһΡһ㣬һξҡ
û˵ʲô˷ܵĴ˴˫֣תĿƵĿžԡ
ֽʿҲ֪ôƳġȻǿܣȴԼвǻۣұϿҲȫͬԼ˵ԼǿܣǾԶѷֱó
Сӣ꣬Ϊǲнϣܶ൲סҼУȻ̫û˼ˣˡ˷ܵĴ˵
İɣһΣܵĲңҪ㡣ЦŶ˵
ң㣿΢΢ģҡҡͷСӲУʵԶء
֪ѾͻƵ˵ʾΡ
Ϣͨ𶼲ߣѸӦԵϢ
вУԲ֪˵䣬ɫѾȡնһ
СӣĽаƲСδܲԶˣ˵ͬʱѾ֣ȥƺ뽫ԵĽƵһȥ
ǣɫͱˡ
ȻδӴԵĽ̺ܣܸоġ
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һͺæ˫ȭӶٿȫɫĽݺݵ˹ȥ
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˫ȭɹɫ壬ҲܿƵĵ˺ü
Сӣ̤ʾˣžԣŵʵ
ûȷʵѾ̤ʾΡԵͷ
һǶȫȻˣþҲǴ󶨡ʵȷʵ˼ࡣ
ڵ۷ʱ򣬾ֻ߽֣бŰķݣĹߺвڣȻԵı仯
Сӣͻ˾Ȼǣ͵Ϯңŭȵ
Ҳö汾ˡ˵һ䡣
ºǰռ΢΢Ťһ¡ţУͶһͷ
еĸͷҪ֮ǰЩͭʿʿŵĸͷöࡣ
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СӣСˣ⸫ͷû۾һžԳ˹
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͵ĻӶо޸ݺݵֱɫ֮ϡ
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һ
ޣ
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طʥ⽣Σ
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ֵסˣ
ðɣһУҲûţ׻ߡ
ιסҲ⡣ɵ˵һ仰󣬹ٴڿռ˲Ϣۡ
һΣʩչ֮
֮Ȼֻһѧʥ⽣Ĺٶȣûʲôֱ̫Ӱ졣ǣﵽε֮Ѿ۹ˡֻٶȣҲ˾
ֻһʧǰһ̣˲෽ӽ
ٶҲ죬ٿ죬ҲȲϾԡ
Ҫ֪ھԻǵʦ۷ʱٶȣܿһʾߡƾ֮ԵٶȣҲͱǹȫһЩѡ
Ѿǵʾߣʩչε֮ٶж죿
ûʱ䷴Ӧ
꣡
һ͸ɹķȦ©˹ȥնϣʱ˳ȥ
ߣһطҲԻֻܴǿܣʼӲ̶Ⱥˣɺ󣬺ܿվϸû˺ۡ
ߣС̫ˣҶһ۾ԣֿ˵
ŶߺǺһЦ
ߣðҰֵܣְҪȻСӸƣԺǿɾûˡæ˵
߿Ƭ̣˵ͷȻ˵е


651 ڶݴ
ʿ뵽ս֮С
ʿ֮ǰȻһֱ컥ãͬʱֹԣȴǷǳĬ
˻Ӷо޴ͷڿռһһֲĺɫơǵĹأγһĻ
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飡飡
ϣռһЩơٶϣԵƸ
ǣ˫ɱƾеӡ
еҪԭ򣬾ǿܣԵĹɱԲǿ
ȻϣϱԻõɣ˲Ϣʱ䣬Ǿ¼վȦٴ뾰ɱһ
ЩѰ찡Ҳü
սϣߣͬռݾơ
Ȼǻۺܸߣûʲô𡣵ǵĹ˵ȷʵܼ򵥡
ѧӵǿĵز
ߣҲʩչѧǵѧھ߿ͺܴªˡ
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ߣҪ˰
ڣСӾ군ˡȻں磬Ͻǻɣ࣬ԪޡĹĿ϶ֲܴ˶áǿɲһ֧֣ǵ޾
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㻹˵Щ
СӸոճֵʱˣһһͷأ̶̼ʱѣ˵ز࣬ǿ£
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˫ɱ˽ӽһʱ
СӵԪۻ룬ɱôãȻܼ֡ԡ
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ˣǽǳ׻ܰɣͻȻ˵
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ûκߣͬʱɡ
䣡ԣˡɳȥ󣬼ٴγ̹æ䡣
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䣡ˣҲ
ͣɫ΢ЦĿߡ
ҲǸ̾
Ŀܣ̫ѶԸˣǵ̫ǿѶشǲ䣬ǻ֪Ҫãſ»ʧȥս
䣬ϾԵ⡣
ߣŴ
ԣϲ㣬ǣ˵
ԣͨһأһЩ飬Ҫ㡣߽ӿ˵
λ˵߹֡
ǵˣԽġ
ǵˣһݴСõǬ䣬Ҳ֪˵Ĵʲô԰ɣߣֱ𿪿ڡ
ţҽ⿪Ǭӡõ˲һ񹦡ңǬ֮ڣǬԵͷ˵
ûõģ˵ĴСֻõһ֡۾
õĶʵΪĸ֡㣬ֻõ˵һ֡Ҳֻеһ֣ǱǬ֮ڵġִУֱǽʿС¶Ц˵
еڶ֡ǣԵõػĵڶִС˵ţóһԲεĶ
ţҲóһԲεĶ
ԣ׼ý˵ڶִ𣿡ߣͬʱʾԡ
Եͷ
Ȼڣ಻ĵطǬ̺ĶһǿƥĴУǵõķ֮һ֣˵ľˣôܵõأ
ԾʱһЩȫѹȥͷʾܵڶֵĴС
ֻʿаԲŵһԲ壬ٵںγһԲε塣Բ֮ϣӿһµžԾ
Ǵԣ㲻Ҫֿߵͳ


652 ѡ뿪
ܴУδķ̫ʱ䡣
»ɬӿ뵽ԺԾ͸оԼյĲһԵı仯
ǲһ񹦣ǬȣҲõϢں
δѧϰǬԣڽյڶݴйֵʱ򣬾Բֱⲿݡ
ȻҲʲô⡣
ֻҪȥѧϰǬڵǬ󣬱ԶڵõĵڶǬںϣγɸµķ
Ϊһʱں̫ϢҲҪķһЩʱ
Ϣ򵥣ΪԵ㹻ǿˡϢȴ˼ʱʱ䡣
Ϣ׼ĿУ¶һĨ𺳡
µĴУԲһΪǬȶϸ֦ĩڡȲģҲǲһ񹦡
ֲһ񹦣Ǳסˡ
һֲһ񹦣ѾþǷˡõҲǶ֮һĴк󣬾Զһ;һ;⣬Ѿﵽһֺŵĵز
ȻոմﵽʾڣԺȷһʶǾԼڽض̤ʥƺѾͨʥ·
һ񹦣̫ˣ
תˣˡݾڵ֪λµˣӦڱΪλ档Բ²⣬ˣ磬ҲǷǳǿ
ֻһɻǿˣΪλԪ½磬һݴأ
ԣڶִУɶõˣžʡ
ǵģӦ
ܺãڣ˵˵ѡ⡣ͻȻ
ҸղѾ˵ˣµĴУֳĸ֡Ǭڵģǵһ֡Һػģǵڶ֡ǵ֣Ǳĸ硢ػš
ԣõִУͱĸ硣˵
󻻳߿ڣԣʵܻҺһ̶ϣ֤Ǳ
һҪ˵ȻҺڵʵҪĸ硢ǣǾԲܵġ
˽׼ԼĴУʵʱֻǴ㴴ʿģҲĴ硢硢硢ĸ硢ʿ
Һôڡ֮ܵҲ׼˺ܶϣķķѴʱ䣬ʿڳɹ֮ȴʣĲϣ˾ö˷ˣԾ˳㴴ҡ˵˿
˵ûʵȣ֮𡣾ĸ硢磬ҲԶҺȵġĸ磬ɻٵ
ԣھͽȥĸ磬Ȩ
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ǣ棬ȥ죡ŽҲͷ
żҵÿһ峤ʱ棬ǲᱻıġ
ʵϣڴ½ϵ壬Ҳˡ˵һ峤Żµ峤
棬Ҳôġߴļ壬ȱڵӵܣԲЩСһҵ峤Ľߡ
ٳǣ
峤ҰԼپҳϣҲ۵˳ڡ
Ұ֪ûһʱǾϲʱ֪ԳȥҹǾͶĵĵȴ
ǲδ̫ãԾͻˡ
ԡ
ү㡭滹ţ



664 
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嶼ԼĸҲĵףϣԼļ壬ܹΪԸ½ǿ塣
һ̸󣬾Կ߷
߷ࡣŸ߷
ʮǰ߷Ϊֽ࣬Ҳࡣ
߷Щʣ۾ͨ죬һʱ侹˵
Ϊˡ
Щ꣬һֱŬԼǿһĿ꣬ΪԱҲ֪ԼĿ̫󣬺ɡǣеľʱ䣬ϣʮʱ䣬Ѿﵽ龳۷壬ٽһǵʦ
Ϊ߷̻Ҳˣֱӽչðųµ˴
ʱԻǰ߷ϲ
ԣͻȻһеҪȥһ¡ӢͻȻĶͷʲôҪ飬˵ž˳ȥ
̤֮ǰ˸ɫ
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Ҳ֪ҺĲܴ䲻㣬һֱ˵
ʮһǰͻȻ½˶˵ˣҺڣҺû˵˵Ļұ㣬ȥͷԺû֮ȥûôŬҪǿΪ㱨𡭡
߷ﱾֱӣԸȽϻʲô˵ʲô
ٺһΣһԽеĻ˵˳
̫ɵˡԶԸ飬ĲС
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Ը磬һҲϲңϣܳΪŮˡ߷뾰Ŀԡ
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ȷʵҪһæҪñһе󷨣ҪĲϼࡣҪǣ׼ĲϡԵͷ˵
һЩϣڶٳǺҵǾҪͨæѰˡ⼸󣬿Ҫϳʱ䣬á
ԣģǻȫԸӢ
ԣǾңöԱԣ㽫ҪĲ϶ǣٶҰصĵͷ˵
ãǼһ¡ԽͽҪĲϣȫ˵һ顣
Դڶٳǲһɱһһ߼󷨣Ӵ󷨣ҪĲϼΪˡоϣǿռģٲֲϣƿ԰æѰҵĲϣϵУҪѰҡ
󣬾ӢҰ˾뿪ʼæ

ܹĽ죬ǻ𼱻ǵĳ嵽֮ڡ


665 ĸ
ûеȴͨĽֱӳƾסıԺ
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ԨôܻţԨڹر½룬˵еʥǿ߶ܻųֳԾ
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Сֵܻ𣿡һӰ٣ʵ
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㸸׵Ϊһ㣬ĸȴǷǳȫҲ޷ĸжǬ䡣
飬ƺǣĸ׵塣ĸ׵壬ĸ㸸׽ϣǳķŭҪĸץȥĸ׵壬ӦǷǳǿģжǿҾͲˡĸû󷴿ء
ĸ뿪֮ǰȡһЩҵ˽ⲻȫ棬ֻ֪ĸ׵壬Ԫ½ʥԼżҹȫǩһЭ顣
ԣļ֮ԻܴڣҲΪЭ顣ȫܼɵĸԲŲֻǼļ塣˵ˮͣ
ԣǺһû˵Ҫʱ䣬ˮ˵ݡ
Ȼˮ˵Ķġ֪ЩϢǰһЩ˵ͨĵطҲȫ˵ͨˡ
֮ǰһֱɻ󣬹żҼȻ֪Ǭ뾰ֱӹȴΪûǿжԾҲȡжԭ򣬾ȻǹżҼɵĸ
ң½ʥǣСʱʥȻҲڳȷЭ顣
ˮǰҸ׻Ŷ𣿡һ󣬾̧Ŀ⿴ˮ


666 ܿ
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żҹѺ׵ԭҪõǬ䡣ǬԼϣżûеõǬ֮ǰ²ɱס
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Щ飬ҵúúһ롣ǬС硣
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үԪܳ˵ܳΪʡЦ
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ԣʲô㣿Ƭ̺ѯʾԡ
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ƴʱǣûнԨ
ˣʵȷʵԨȴû档ұʮһֳ꣬ˡЦ˵
ơĽԼ죬ɴ۾ԡ
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ղž˵⻰ʱƻΪֻ˵ĿûΪܿ쾳
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ʮǰԱż׷ɱʱȻѾնɱǿߣԵ磬ȷʵֻǵʦѡѾʮһ֮ãԾܿľˣ


667 ˾ͱȥ
Ҫ֪ʱδתԪ˵ԪǴڳ״̬ģ΢һЩߣ޷оҲߡ
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֮ͻȻôһ䣬ҪΪԨʮһ꣬ż½˶ΪˣôΪβԨߴԨҲǺõѡ
ԻصԪ½صٳǣԶʱϢò˶ùżҲ̽Ϣ
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˵ûɱĺãǸ͸죬ȻʮҲ˹ֻǣû취Ը
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Ե꣬ȻȫסٳǡλãھԶĵطԵͷ꣬ɲǼ䣬Ծͷ˳ϿյһӰ
ϢޱȰһӰ
żҵߣ
һ۾ϳ˴ˣǹżҵ߹īȫԨ׷ɱԼ˾ȫһĹżˡ
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ӦֻһǹżһʾߣǹȫԲ֪ī֡
ī͹ȫһͬȥ׷ɱԣֻ֪ȫī͹ˣȻʶ֪Է֡
ⲢҪ
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ԣô쿴ʵ
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ǳȥ
ߣȥ
īףǱȽͨĵʣʾֶζ࣬ҲҪСһЩȺ˵
Ե˸߳ͼӢٱ۹ȻЩҡ


668 
ӢƵˣǹһ񣬲תĿԣʾԵ˼
ĳϣϿ˼Ȼȥ˵ȥǡģ㶯֣Ҳ㡣ԶԾӢ
ãҾȥҪʲôӢҲ֪ʱڳϿսкȵˣǹżˡ
ٳǳҸʱҡһû㣬ǾͲҪҽٳǳɨƽˡīü
ָ߸ϵ̬չ¶ࡣ
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Ӣôĵӣ㣬ҹżҺѡ峤ôģīûлشӢ⣬Ҳмȥش
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󵨣
ӢҪΪвҾ޷ɱ㣡Ҹ㣬˵һĴ𰸳ұȫңīɱڵĵ
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ųٳûг֣Ҫ۲۲˵
īɻǵңʱӰһǰŹī΢Ц˵
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ʮǰżȫԨ׷ɱԣۿԽԨġ
ڣΪλţ
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Ǳɵģûκε׼
ȷʵţ˫üһ̧Ŀ˵ĶŹī
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ԣ㻹޴
ûԨȻʵʵ¶ͷҡߣǲ֪Ķ
㣬ҿ϶ɵɵĻܳǹżңĲΪȻŶѰ㡣Լðôҽձսɣ
ܿģīʹ𾪻ָ糣
Ͼǵʾߣǿڻָ򶨺Щϲ
ֱܽǶԣҲźܴôġ
뵽ɱԣ˼ҲŻ
ڻոºһɫĳѾСϸֳ·嫵ܿռ䡣
Ȼһӵпֲܡ
СӣīһŭȣӰڿռһʱ򣬺ɫĽѾžնɱ
ɱңҲÿԼû
īȻˣͲҪȥˣҲ֡
ޣط˲ͷš
ڿռʩչĹīֻһԼǰһ
ʶ㣬Ҳû˹ĹʽԶιܹռԾһ


669 
ڱͻȻֵʱīԱһ
ôҲǵʾߣ½۷弶ĴڡԵط죬īںʱڷ˶ߡ
ܹŹֵط
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СҳݡīΧԪתм˵
ȫںطĹĶȴ˵СģطҲӡ߶ԪطĹһ
طڹϣûȡ̫ĳЧ
ˣӰ쵽˹īԾԵĹ
ת֮ܿ˺ɫĿǿɱĽâ
ʱƵȵһȺˣ˵˴󷽺ԶսʾǿߵĶսֵܹġʵǿ죬Ҳ֡ʾһֵס
ٶȻ죡
ԣӵīҲľԲսӡ
Ԩ׷ɱԵʱͼʶԵٶȡһߣδ׷ϡڶʱڱٶȣԸͲʾʲô
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ӣīӵ˲ңӦ㡣Ц
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ڵʦΪʱ򣬾նɱߡ̤ʾսжǿ
ѧطзīס˾Եʥ⽣
壬Ҳһܱ˺ǧ֮Զ
̫ˣҡҡͷ
Ǿ̤ʾ󣬵һʾ߽֡
ԨȻҲ֣ܣȻǿᣬѧȴԶߡ
ī֣ûһʼͶȫҲһԼսʾΡ
һ飬ԲԹīʾʵЩʧīȻǵʾߣȾУҪСࡣ
īž񣬶žԡ
תķƽԪȴ޷ʱƽ
ԵĹʵ̫ǿˡ
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ٳ֮ǰʹ⡣֮뾰޹أҲҪڶٳǴɱ䡣
ڹżңīȻǵʾߣҲܵԼܶʱ򣬼ԵˣҲҪЭϾżֻǴ½ߴ֮һߴ֮ϣһʥƿ½
īΪһٳѵõĻᡣ
û뵽Իš
û뵽ѾǵʾǿߣսԶī
֪һ㣬Բٳǡ
赹ùôôīš
ʱٳǵߣע⵽˳ϿյɱǿµĽ⣬Լӿеߣвĸо
𾪵Ŀգв²⣬Ĵս
ԣû뵽Ѿ̤ʾڿʼһὫ㵱ԵȵսΪֹɣҪȻص壬顣īȻɱȥ
ɱȥ׶༪١
ī˵ˣȻˣͲҪŻȥˡīĻЦҡҡͷɫ֡
䣡
ԣ㲻ҪΪ㣡

ģɱңߣзΪɱңԾԵĹī˻
ˣ֣ɱңҹżҾԻὫʬΣļ壬ҲΪƽأ
ڷ֮£һʱǻܼ֣ʼӴܡٶȣѾյ֮ľԱȡ
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ҪзīھԹ֮¼ôõʱ䡣
뾰Եսûзȫһīܶס˵յʱˡ
ɱһԼɫ
΢ЩϲãȽƽ
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Ӱ˸˲Ϣīʬ崦
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ķȷʵܲԾԵĹֱӻ
ϾԵĴ壬Ƿ͸ǿˡ
ˣʹá
Ҳܺãҵĵǿ̫̫ˣȱһ΢Цɫ
ֻӶ˼·תܺ嫡
˶ĵܣࡣ
żҵʣǸԴˣȱʲôʲôЦеֽīָֽյǬС֮С
ڣѾ̫ںǬС类ˡ
ż֪Ǭˡ
ԼѾǵǿߣ½Щߣ֪Ǭ䣬ҪᣬҲõԼû
ԣ
ԡɱ˵ǿ߹ī
һʾǿߣȻôˣ
Ƶ˷ɹ𾪿žԡ
ԵȻȴ޷ȻʾߣǿǸ߸ϵģȴۿһǿ߱նɱǵ𺳿֪
һʳ߰ˡ԰ڰ֣ȻߣǻسһЩҪ̸
ԽҪ̸飬ǹڶٳǲ󷨵顣żȫ濪սԲܲżҹǽٳǴƻ
Բ߼ҪԴҪ˹ͬ
һ㡣
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ѯʣŽҲ޷ӦҲڵϢء
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⻰ŽϲŻָһЩ߳ӹһֽɨۿУŽȫ͵һ
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ܿصϢϵݸ֪˴ڵˡ
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㴫ȥйעٳǣص㶢Ǹԣκη紵ݶҪٶȴءȫͳɢ޾⣬ڴڻ졣
ȫûд㣬ǰٳǡ̤ʾҲδնɱԡȫɲա
ʵСʱΪǬ䣬ԲȻԳ׷ɱԣΪʱκΣաڲͬˣȥɱԣпܱɱ
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ս֮ǰϹʱڣҲʮĵʾߡһУֻǬͣΨдˣŽ͵ͨ
¼ϵٰ֮ȫζ̾Ϣһ
ȫԣѾɳвżҵĳ̶ˡҪСӦԡһ翵֪Ӻη
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671 ػ
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Щʱ״һһᶼûعϢϢǣԻš
ԨУԨ֮⣬ۿԨġ
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ڵ棬ڵϳɾߣ
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Ӣˣֻ׼ϡưæѰҵģҲ㲻Ƕϡ
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ˣ㿤ʲôȼԼƱ仯ЦЦʡ
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ԣʱһϲ
þԵ飬ȷʵҲ޷ǣǷҲǲѡ
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֪żҵ鲻ô˵ġżȻûʲôһ׼ҲżһΪѵ뷨


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ԸмĿ˺һۡ
֪׵⣬׵ӣʥҲǺõġֻҪȥʥǼʥʲôʱȥ
׸ԼȥǾΪԼΪԼĴ㡣ԣȻһ㡣
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ڳһӴķڣԽЩԴһһķַȥ
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ֻҪάִǳǼϳʮʾǿ߲ſǿƿлмʾ۷С
Դַϣɢȥ
䣬ڷڱĿо

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ţȥǣȻȥʥǼʥ¶һЦЩ̡
뿪żҲİԼԲںżҵĵʾߣߵأôֵżҵǿߣ
ңмܻڹżУԱȥȳ׾¼ϡ
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л๫߷ĿˣӹָֽҲûв鿴ԴֱӴϸԸָϡ
߷ƺøˣ֮ǰˮ⻬
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ţ߷صͷ

ˣϸ磬ǳ
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ʵ˵Ҳо߷ı仯
ڸ߷뾰һͬ߹ʱ򣬾ʾǿߣԽĽڸ߷ͣƬ̡
߷ﱾǶŮʶĿգ߷ϣһֽ׵Ĺθ֣ƽ˼ģǡ
˻û˵ʲô߷ƵĻٴθһĨߡ
˶¶Ȼı飬˿ԡ
ҲЦһ
ʱ䲻ˣǳɣæ˵
ҲͲپȺ档Ҳ߷֣ڸ߷Ŀ֮£ʧʡ
๫һҪСİ߷￴žȥķĬվԭòԸ߿
ܿ죬Ե˾ͷɳٳǳϿգҲ𽥼ٷС
ΪĽ졢ֻеʦΪٶҲܺܿ졣
ھ붫ٳǲԶһɽ֮УʮӰͻȻӹȿ֮⣬һӰٱ۽ϣһ֡
ϴˣǾԵ뿪˶ٳǡӰһǰ˵
Ҳһ뿪ģһʡ
ǵģơ컹кǣ뾰һ뿪ɫӰ
÷СӼ׷٣һҪСġԺͺףǵʾߣ֣ͻΣա߷Ը
ǣɫӰתȥ
ǣӦ뿪ٳˡȺɫӰ뿪ڣ߲תԸĶʮ˵
Ƕ뿪ٳǣٳǲûʲôڣǿҲͼ龳߶ѣָ𡣡һɳƵ͸˷ܵ
ţյȷʵߵͷ
ϣԵǲǹȦףǱ뿪ʵȴڲԶǹٳǣǾͻͻȻ֣һ˻ɵ˵
ҲֿܣǻǲҪжٵȵȿСӴصϢɡٴεͷ˵
СӣǸӾԵ˵Ķ飬һˣԶǵʦߡСӵĳԱΪҪǶѧǳĳ̶ȡ
ССһЩ٣ͺѱ֡
Щˣǹżˡ֮ǰżҵʾ̫ϳϹīնɱżҾѧˣûǿйٳǣɳһȺڼӷɫˣٳǵ򣬸ԳмȻǼص㡣
ȺΪ׵ģһżҵλ͵ĳϣҲǵ۷εߡ
ϣҪҪϢؼ壿һ˵
ȲżȷСȷϾԵȷʵ뿪˵߳һ£ҡҡͷ˵
һԵ˲뿪ٳǣǽϢأǴ鱨ˡ
˵ǣٵȵȿȷϢؼΪáһһƨ

ԵˣǷУ֮УҲʱ̸
ͻȻüͷ壬ٶ
ԣôˣʵ
Ҳ٣Ŀ⿴ԡ
Ǻ棬β͸ءЦЦ˵
Сӵˣǵʦߡԡ΢٣Сӿ϶ϡ뾰ԺһģơĽ죬÷Сܹסˡ
˸ǣ״һ
Ϊûз˸١ԵĻֿͷӦһ£Ծûκη֡
ôû˸ţüֹһ
ˣǵ书ܺãԶǵϢȫˡƲƲ졣
Сӣ뾰Ե˺Զȷʵѷ֡Ǿǿò˼飬ֲҲᱻƭȥ
ɣӦöǹżˡЦЦ
ţӰһ֮ʩչʧԭ
СӵˣԵͻȻٵʱ򣬾Щ̫ԾǶԼ书ǺŵģڵһʱûоǱˡ
ɵԵӰͻȻʧֲԤоǿ
ãǱˣߣ
ߣ
̷ˣת˲ٶ쭵ޡ
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˶׿ӰӴܣŭȵ
ŭУǳڷСԱĺ󷽡֣Ȼѹˡ
ֻԴһۣ˶һ¡ǻָʶʱ򣬾;ȫʹµᴩǵ
ɲǼ䣬˱㵹ز𣬳ȥ
ǵָֽ󣬲ŷص׵ߡ
߰ɣӦû˸ˡԶԼ˵
ż˹Ȼģ⼸ڹżҿҲǾӢģ书Ȼôá˵
ٺãҲԷˣѾˡЦЦ
ЦУȥ
һʱ
ڷСȥԱǧ֮⣬һɫӰ¶


676 û
˴֣ϱ顣
¶۾ڣԿĿ⡣־֣·裬궼ڲš
̫ˣ
Сӷǳó䣬Ϊ˱뾰ǱֺԶľ룬Ǳ֡
Ǹԣֲ̫ˡ
Ӧ뿪ٳǵˣҵ̻ȥϡ
˼ٺԶ룬ǼСӳԱʬ壬ûȥ硣
ԻɱСӵʱطĿ̡ڷСȫû󣬾Ե뿪ûиѡ˺һʱ䣬ٳٲΪסˡ
ٳ⣬ɽȡ
˱۽ɽȣżҳϵˡ
ϴˣСӸʱԵ˷֣Ѿȫ𡣡˵ͷ˵
ʲôϢżҳɫһ䡣
Ҫ֪СȻǵʦɣڹż֮ڣҲǾӢԱܽ书Ϊʸӡһ֧Сɣżҷ飬һҲֻ֧СӶѡ
κһ֧Сӱ𣬶Ǿ޴ʧ
ϣǾʮ־СѾǳСĵĸ٣Ȼ֡˲̧ͷ
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ʧһ֧СӣȻҲεģص壬϶Ҫ彻
ϣԵӦ뿪ٳˡԷַСӣͳɱ˷СгԱδڸԶҡ뵽Ͻҵ񣬱һξ룬ֱ뿪ٳǵ򡣡˵ˡ
Ҳ±𷣡
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²ú׼ȷԵˣȷʵѾ뿪˶ٳǵ
ŶϢżҳĿУӿһƬϲɫ
Ե뿪˶ٳǣôĶٳǿɾ͵ǿճˣûʲôٳǾңʧһ֧Сӣؼ߲Ҳȥ׷ʲôˡ
ȷԵ뿪˶ٳǵ򣿡żҳźˣʡ
ȷӲͷƤ˵
úܺáȻص壬һΪ빦۾źˡ
лϡæл
ϣȻԵ뿪˶ٳǵóûɨƽٳǡ
ԣСȻʧˣңҲǴһ
ϣǵþ춯֣ʡþȥǾûˡ
Ҳ׷׿ڡ
żȴڰ֣ҪȽϢؼ壬峤ǾԼ⣬һ⣬Ǿ鷳ˡ
ϣҲϼ޻֮
˵öԣ
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ǣżϳ
ԡף뿪˶ٳǣŽõӶٳǴصϢһ
⼸ʱ䣬żһֱضٳǣҲû뿪ٳһΪͻȻ뿪
ǵ峤Ϣȷϣԡ׼ˣ뿪˶ٳǵ򡣡ڹŽǰϢģҲһϣ鱨ĵ۷峤ϡ
ɽϵ˼ǣѵõĻᡣ뿪ٳǣڶٳھûʲôʵǿˣԵĺûᡣλϼ˵
ţ鱨˵ȷʵԳûˡһʱ䣬ǹżҵúأңһ¡Žͷ
峤ǲǴϢɽϣǶ֣ⳤȻһ
ȵȵȣҪ¸档ŽûԼİ塣
ʵ˵ż峤ȨǺܴġ
ƽʱżҪһ񾰼ļ壬峤Ҳһ仰顣
ڵȴȽϸ𣬾ҵ飬ǣѾܹˡ
ŽãбҪȫ֪£βͺáؼʱڣ峤ǲҪðͷȽϺá
Žȥȫܿ㷵ء
ȫĻشܼ򵥣ǾǶҡ
ѾɳˣҪɱԣźܴѶȣԳ֣û̫İաȲ˵Եսжǿ˵Եٶȣ޷⣬Ҳٶܡ
ֻǵʦ۷ΪٶȾͲȫ١ѾǵʾΪٶȿ϶ҪȵʱֻеʦΪöˡ
ɱԣңھҵָҲкܴôġң˾ٻܼŭԣþͷԷȣܲ˵ǣǾԾͲѷˡ
ڹżϳǣǵʾ۷ߣֻҲ޻ء
Ϣɽϣ֣ʱ䣬ҡţǽٳҲΪƽءŽǰĹżҳ˵


677 Ϸ
鱨ĹżҳϣӦȥ
Ԫ½ϣѶʯȻ󣬵żǿҲġ
ɽٳǼؾңΪϢܼʱӶٳǴأһ鴫ѶʯҲûдѶʯҪϢӶٳǴǣҪʱͳˣҲһҡ
ͨѶʯԶڶٳɽеĹɽܿ͵õ˼ֱӵ
õҵ󣬱ټ֣峤˹һ顣
ȻҪң
ǹżҶô棬ļ壬ҲӦá
ϣھͳ붫ٳǣ
ȻǺǿ󣬵̺ܲԱɲ١ǷſɱƶҪɱ̵ʱء
ɱˣʹ顣һ붫ٳǣȸɵǼ龳ߡУ˵ٳһи߷Ů뾰Թϵһ㣬߷ò
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⼸ʮżˣ׷׽񿪿̸ۡǣҲ֪߷
Ǵʱȼˣ֪ľ׵뿪ٳǺǾɱ붫ٳңɱɱһ
֮ʵģҲǵʦߡңȻС
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⼸ʮУϲɱ˵ľԲ
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ڵʱǲұ¶ֻܹԹװӡھԲڣǼֱɽͻǰһȺ˳
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Щˣǹż𣿡ӢĿд⡣
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ţ֪ˡӢĵ
ˣǸӦԣȺУһЩǵǿߡѯʾӢ
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ʱȲз󣬶Էеʾ֣߳ʱҲްûҪ󶼿Ӣ֮Уͽ󷨺͹󷨿
ٳϿգһƬƵʮʱָֻ糣
ڣΪӣ΢һЩΪٳǣҺͳǾԿƵģԵûдңֵɱ˷Żǲֵ̫ܳġ
󣬾ӢƵĻصϣŹżǰ
峤ҰһЩϣҲӢ
ˣŹɽ
ʮӰڵִﶫٳϿաһҫ¶
ӢЩ˵ִ󣬱ϷһЩ
λʲôˣΪôٳգӢʵ
κһУİڳϿշС
һЩʵǿĳУϤߣֹС
Ԫ½ϣİߵһкһ㶼ѡӳŽСֱӷڳϿգǾͻᱻΪơ
߱ʵ㹻ǿҪȻƾ͵Աҽճ
ǾӢɽ˾ӢһۣԾӢ⡣
ǾӢиݣ뾰Ӣ˵һֵķϻӢݣٻһЩõģϾǹٷˡ
Ԫ½ϣɱٷǻĶӰ졣
ɽʱȴҲǺ⣬Ϊļǹżҡż峤ѾԶٳǶ֡˲õӰ죬Ҳмǰ涥š
żҵͷʥǵʥҲüɵ֡
ûҾǶٳǳӢǾʲôˣӢһŭı飬ٴη
ǹɽżҳϡ
ˣҲǹżҳԱ㶫ٳǣҪҡûڵļ徰ҡ
ӢǶٳǳʵʵһԴţҵǿһǲʶȤ³Ҳһ֡ɽ񣬶žӢϷʵĵ


678 ֲĴ
ͷ͸ӹһȥ
ϴˣǲӦøλһ᣿ȻǾˣԸǷУҲԸһЩô
еɳӰնɱЩ档Щ̫̫̫࣬СɱҲûʲô˼
ɽˣȣš
ǵ
ڳˣһЩԶߣҲ
֪żǿߣʼЩ֪żҵ߽żҵǿ½ߴңֲ
Ҷãһξ鷳ˡЩ˶֪뿪˶ٳǣûþһᱻЩż˲ƽоڣӦòִ⡣
ϾȾ˵еʾߣԸɱˡ
ǾвǣɲҪʥ˲ŹǵġӢЩֵ̿˵
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档Ϊǲ֪ввΣʥΪǣҹżΪѣż˲мкȡ
ǡҪǾ뿪ٳǣǸ𣿾ǰ뿪ٳǣǾˣҿҲ˾ԡӢװһŭдźµı顣
ǲˣҲϻȻȻȫ㡣ɽüӸµ̬žӢ
ȻˣǽҲһͬڴ˰ɣɽ¶пЦݡ
ʲôҵľԴ뿪ٳˣ
군ˣٳ군ˡЩżˣʵǿٳǿ϶סǣпļӣ²Ƕ֡
Ҫˣ
ô죿Щż˲ɱ˰ɣЩ޹صˣǻ᲻Ҳɱ
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ȸɵɽĹżҳԱһ붼ںУԶٳǷ˹
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һ޴ײٳϿգһƬ޴Ĺֳָ
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ţ
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żɵˣǺȻ֣ǶԶٳǷĹȻûжԳκεƻеĹһƬ
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ãţɽʹһӰѸٵ˸оһɿµϢ˷ϯ
ۣǣȻѵû㼰ʱЩߣȻһֱӴӿеȥǵʦߣûκεֵ֮ͱһȻɱĹâ͸塣
⡭⡭ɽɫȫ԰
ǹżҳϣǵ۷ߣʶȻ١
ʱȻٳڣǿķ󷨣пµĹ󷨡Ǻʱ֮ڣˣгһ㱻Ĩɱˡ
ѵǸ߼󷨣뵽⣬ɽĺôأͷҲޱȡ
ʱû˼ʱ䣬һոսڶͽȵһĹҪ׺ݵöࡣ

ģʲô
Ҳ
ҽ˷
ڶ߰˸żߴ׹䡣һߵֱӱΪޡ
߼ܣʾ߶ýһСģԴЩʦߣǼֱһ浹Ĵݻ١
ɽļʮżҳԱڿеģʮˡʮˣ˸õ֮⣬ʣµĶʵǿĵߡ
ߣɽҴ˴һԶɴܳȥ
ͬʱĵɱ
ۣ
һƺеľŵӰ߸ʧ
ŵģֻйɽһ۷弶ߡٶȼ죬ֿҪӴܳȥ
ߣûôףӢЦ
ڹżȥЩˣӢûκεûоԲõĴڣڱ¾ľǾˡЩżˣԾ飬²ɱ⾰ˣǾԲֵͣġ
ԵˣͲʴȡ
ĲϯŹɽѹȥ
ɽһˣ֮ǰδֹٳǵĴ󡣵Ǹ߼󷨣һ̶ʶˡ˵ӢҲһ̶Ͽƴ󣬴ĺŦھӢС
·ٳڣЩ֮ǰĶٳǻᱻż˴ݻٵߣһȫɵˡ
ǵ۾ŴֱͣԼ۾
ĽȻ벻ġոɷһĹżǿߣʮǿߣҪƽҵǿߣȴڼʱĽ֣


679 ȫû
ţӵܣһðز
Ұȷʵ֪뿪֮ǰٳǲĿľǱٳǵļ屾
֮ǰǶԲõĴȷе
ۿɱżڶǿߣǵȻޱȵ𺳡
һЩȽľˣ߬ȭͷɫ죬ͷա
ǶԾԵĳ֮飬ѾﵽԸӵĳ̶ȣ˵㾰ҪȥҲԥ٣󲿷־ӵܣаɾԵ
ɽһ۷ΪżҳϣӴܣһֱֶΣҲʹó
ǣڴ֮УǵӴٶȱؼ
ȻרסߵģҲȫǴĹҲ̺Ƶߵ
ԹɽһżҳϣҲвһǵķٶ

ġٳô˿ֲػ
ɽˣˡ
ǵԪȫڣΪٶܴܵƣӳٳϿգкԶľ롣
ۣɽ֧Ųסɱ
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ãҰһ֡
ľҳϣȫռЩżȥǿָֽ
ЩָֽȻȽϷɢвȺ֮УٳЩżǿȫûߣͲҴӾЩָֽ
Ҳָֽ֪ڿ϶дԴܵõһͷˡǣûǸӡ
ЦҵԴǲǻڰ
ʵǿѵǿЩżǿߣż˶ȫûˣǶ֣ĽضԴòСö
˶ԸżǿߣҪʹôܡԸЩߣ󶼲Ҫľң龳߶вٸˣ쾳ߣٸ֮ࡣ
ͬʱǹżϳ
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棬ҵѾ峤ϹɽˡʱɽӦѾ˽붫ٳǣɱҳԱŽͷ˵
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ʮǰż֮û϶ԸңֱңΪʥǷ淢
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棬ҵʥǵʥǹżҷѡŽϾǹżҵ峤ȻȫҲǲڹȫǰԼĿ
ߣҵҪʥ˵ʲô
Сɱҹżѡ峤һʾ̫ϳϣʥԴҲ֪żңңȫһߡ
Ž˵ʲôжٻЩġô˵ʥƿԪ½ˡʥŭżҵѹҲܴġ
㲻Ҫ̫࣬ԼͺáУȶٳǾҸ͵һʱ佫ϢǼ壬֪ˣʥǣϢҲҪʥǡȫĿɭȻ
ǣŽӦ
˵Ǽ壬ͬΪߴҵ塣
ʱ
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Ҳû̫࣬ҳԱȷʵ̫࣬ɽǴ㽫ڶٳǵľӵȫɱٴϢ


680 
뿪˶ٳǣڹɽ˶ԣٳھͲڿвǵ
ҲֹŽô롣
ŽͲῼǣٳи߼ڡԪ½ϣҲҲ߼ʦ
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ʱֹ졣
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峤ȷʵûκϢӶٳǴλϣҲɻúܡ
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ѾôѶˮϢɽϣʼûеõκλӦⳤ΢΢˵
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ģǾͻȻص˶ٳǡ
ĻصٳǣǹɽϵˣɾΣˡī̫ϳ϶ɱɽ˸ֵܵԡ
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Žԣ΢ɳһ
ȷûڶٳǾͺá
ţ̽ٳǵϢŽһ˵
ǣϻӦ뿪
ŽһڷڴһᣬҲ뿪Ҫȥȫ
ȫ󣬹Žڵ˵һ顣
ȫҲɻȻҲãЩŹ֣һʱҲҲʲô⡣ԼȻڶٳǣԹɽ˵ʵȫѹٳǰ˵ٳǣǣҲܹѹ
棬˵᲻ʥгˣŽʳеĲ²⡣
̫ܡȫȴҡҡͷ
ʥǰ֪ϢҲֱȥٳǣǻҡ˵ʥҲ̫ǰõϢȫӣ˵
Žһ룬ҲǣʥҪӾңҲ͵͵ģʥԪ½ƿߡ
棬ЩҾãɽϿ϶鷳ⶼȥˣһϢŽеĲȷʵԽԽǿҡ
ٵȵȿɡȫ
棡峤
ʱ򣬴֮⣬һ
ȫ
ţ鱨Ĺżҳϣ첽˽ɫǳѿ
ڸոգӵһϢڿݺвƵһɺ⡣ȥŽ֪ŽżһҲûͣ˹
ϽŽо͡⡯һ£вĸоΪǷ˷ǳ飬λǲסĵط
㷢һЩҪʱͨ峤ҲǻǰԼȥ
ʲô飿Žûпѯʣȫȿˡ
棬峤
ٳϢˡ
ɽǡǶλ˵ˡ
˵ȫһȡ
ǣ
ɽǣˣȫûһⳤϵͷһݣٽ仰˵
˵ʲô
ⲻܣ
ȫ͹ŽˣȺ󷢳
桢峤ϢӦûġǰɽϴżڶߣ붫ٳǣҪҡǣٳڣȻи߼ڡǵ˷ٳһ߼һ󡣡
ɽǣûܹӳȥԱɱⳤϵǳѹ֡
ȫһ˫ڣһƬ죬·ҪŽͬ
һΣǶʮӽʮż߰ǵʦ͵ǿߣżʵǿ񣬼ڵĵʦҲǺܶడһӣʧô
ټǰ챻ɱһ֧Сӡ
˵żҵмһӾʧ˳֮һҡ
ȫ͹Žǲۣǲǹ£
ôᡭٳôи߼󷨴ڣŽ·ѯ⸺鱨ĳϡ
ӦǾԲõģԲǵʾߣҲһ߼ʦⳤ˵ʱҲԵΡ
ԣôôأʮ꣬ΪѾﵽʾһһĵʦƺǸ߼ʦôðģ


681 ½
ȫһȥ÷ˡ
ǻ˽ǧʱ䣬ʱҲڷıԵˡ
ԣȫҧݣ׺ݵŭԵ֡
żңϵˣ
뿪ٳǣȻѾϵż˿ܻû֡ǰúô󣬾͵Źż˶ԶٳǾҶˡ
һȦס
ǹżңȻľϵˡʵϸһĻżҲûлܿһεĲصʧ
ɵȻǣ
ôôܷ뿪ٳǣûµƣԸ뿪ٳ
ȫʱ޲ҵԣֽ˺Ƭ
ԭҪͨٳǾңżڴ½ϵû뵽һιżҶøס
öҲ֪ȻżѾõԶٳǵϢЩһļҲضò˶ʱ֪¡
ʱ򣬹żֻǳΪǲ෹ЦˡҪĻǹżʧذʦߣκһڣмԹż˵Ҳ⡣һʧĵʦߣȴô࣬żҵöʱ䣬ָܻԪ
Ƕ߰ɣҪһȫԹŽڰ˵
Ž˹Ϣ˳ȥ
ŽȻҲۣҲЩҡҺùɽϢ˵뿪ٳǵʱʱʾ涨ᣬ˽ҴӶֽ峤¾군ˡ
ʮʦļԱʧһ룬
ʱľԣǿ֮ڡ
ڶٳǵʱ򣬾ԾʹӦæڿܹܸü߼󷨵ġ
мˣδʼΪҲҪһЩʱ䣬ҪĲϴ롣ø߼󷨵ϣҲҲⲿֲϾԻóͨĲϣȻҪԼѰҡ
⼸ʱ䣬ԼĽƷƺ;
λСŮѾǵ龳ߡ˵츳ЩַǳŬԴϲȱ٣̤龳ҲھԵԤ֮ڡ
˼ԣȻǳĸˣžԾߴߴ˵ͣǾԵʾǿߵǿ꣬һʱ䶼ͷǵġ
Ҳμᣬ˾ĽƷƶŮٵԴԵҩӶࡣЩԴ㹻Ůɵʦ̤
ǣЩˣҲѶݻᾰԣڵĵʦЭ᳤ģѧԺ뾰Թϵˡ
겻ټЩˣҲʮֵĿġ
ԵûֱԴЩˣǰƵҩֻҪṩϣԾͰƳҪĵҩ
һǣӦҲһµʱ䣬ʱϱȽϳ㣬ЩˣҲӦõġ
ЩϵõģݷþԣҲ˼ˣƤԣֱӱԾܾˡ
ЩˣԿɲ˷ʱϡ
ͬʱżʮλǿڶٳǵϢҲڴ½ˡ
ܶ˻ţھһ֤֮Ϣͱȷˡ
ңҲרٿ߲飬۴¡
ǿһΣżҵ鷳ˡ
һʱżҵʧǳءѡ峤һʾ̫ϳϱնɱʮλʦ߼ڶٳǡ
ż뾰ԵĳԹȻսᡣ⾰żսǲŴڿʼ׶Ρ
ҪôżҸҪôżնɱԣһսԻϾš
żɱԣȻѡҪǼ򵥣żҾͲֳĬˡ
ļңȻҲûаżҵĴ㣬ֵÿ֡
ܽżɱ˵δһ¡ȻҲȥﾰԶԸżҡżȻʧ󣬵ǧĵ̣ͬΪǿҵļ壬ҲǷǳġ
븲żңǿԸ͡
˵ʵǿż׷ɱѡԸȥżϳڣǹƾֻ·һˡ
żϳǣ˵½յĵط֮һ
ǵĸ󷨽ƣǿǾǧģ֪ж١㾰Ǹ߼ǣһ֮УҲֻܲʵޣ
ȻҲԲɵɵֱӴǹżϳڣ϶ǲᡣ
ʥǣʥ
ʥˣڵõϢҲ˺һᡣ
ԣȻͳΪ߼ʦˣżһΣһͷȫϼһҪˣֺǺǵ˵
ʥ۾û˵
ֻĬĬתǬ䣬ôǿ𣿡


682 ʥ
Ǵһµʱ䡣
ڿڲһ߼һһܹܸһ
֮⣬ԻǵľҷֲլԺһһ
ȫ󷨡ΪģȽСڶٳǲõĴõʱٵö࣬ʹõĲҲԶԶٳǵ
ǾҷֲˣǾҰ˳Ͼ񡣾Ҳǰ̤龳ԽĿƺģҲ˾ա
ҶһֲլԺֲ޷ֵĻͽ뿤ܡҷֲլԺĴܣȿһЩһһΣգֱӽ뿤ɡ
һк󣬾뿪ǣʥǷȥ
Ϊ˶ǵʾǿߣٶȼ죬̶ʮʱ䣬˾͵ִʥǡ
ΪУǾʩչ֮·Ҳͼʱ䣬ִܵʥǡ
⻹Ǿԣһʥǡ
һΡΰӴĳС
ҲԪ½ʥء
˵Ԫ½ʮŸǣʥƿء
ʵϣʥҲƿԪ½ϣԼһĿǡʮŸǣһʵʿȨڹżߴҡ
żңǣ⿤ؿȣ
ԣֱȥʥʥתתѯʾԵ
ʥǲֹһΣҲѾмʮ꣬ûʥˡ
ֱȥʥʥ˰ɣ
ڹʥǣҲеʱ䡣΢һ˵
ҲãȽʥǣȻֱǰʥ׵ͷ
˴ս£ʥǳŴʥһţֻһҹƽʱǹرյġ
Ҳ˵£ʥǣֻһſԡ
ֱӷʥǣвͨġʥһӦ󷨣ǳ꿪ģ˷нʥգ̾ͻᱻ֣ȻʥǵӾͻҵʥյˡ
жˣֱӺɱ
ûжֻ󴳵ˣҲᱻʱѺе顣
֮ߴҵĸ߲ʥǣҲʵʵĴӳŽ롣򣬾͵Լɣ
ʥշҲǲԣȵõõʥ˵Ǵʥʥӡ
ʥǣҲýһǷã뵤һ
ԺͺףʵʵɣδΪԼǵʾߣ͸ʲôȨ
˳ĽʥǣڿޱȵĽֵ΢٣ʥλøȥ
ʥʥǵģҲһɽ֮ϡʥ뵤һ𡣵жɽϣʥڣֻʥڵʥһ״صɽϡ
󷨽ƺö࣡Ҳ鲻Խ̾һ䣬ʥǣ
Ծϵ裬׾پܸӦһ󷨡Ȼ󷨶ǹرյģȻܸӦ󲿷ִڵ󷨡
ս֮ǰҲϹʱڣϣҪĳ֮һ࣬ǿ϶ġңһЩ󷨣ǿʥʦֲõģǿЦŽܵ
⻹ģ
ʥػǲſ£˵ʥߣѴʥ׽˵
Ŷ΢΢һ
˽ϢҲࡣ˵ʥʵһʥƥʥڣʥʥˣѹκˡʥܣᱻѹסΪ˽ϢȻ֪࣬˲֪ء
ʥһϢ½ϣҲֻм֪
ԣ΢֮УҲ̾
ʥǼ
ΪܷУڽֵϸ·ٶҲ˷ŵ̫죬ԴӽʥǺ˺üʱ˲ʥɽ֮¡
һ·þԶʥǵǿҲһ˽⡣
ʥڣ龳߶洦ɼżܿʦߡ
ڵͺˣʱʱֻһߴ߾
ʥ֮ͨǰݣʥϢ
ȽϢãȥʥ
ʥˣǾʥˡһƨ
֮ǰʥԳ˵ӦûʥǼڣԻˡ
ţĻҪһЩʥ˵ͷԺͺ״һİɣ
ǵģˣʥ֮¡õղҴϢ
ʥ״ԾԣǷǳ˵״ܸһҲΪõ˾Եİý˵һ䡣
״ƷǼãʥĿģҲаﾰԵ˼ءʥЦЦ˽ɣ


683 ߴҵЭ
ãʥӭӾԺͺˡ
ҶˣȻһѡ
ʥͨôܹܾȻԳӭˣҲľĿ˽ʥ֮ڡ
һʥ壬бһַǳɬĸо·ڤڤ֮һ˫۾ڹ۲Լ
΢ͷų̽ȴһ
Ϊ֮ǰ˵һЩʥϢԾԵ̩ȻʥһʥԼʱʥ֮ڡʥƹʥԼʱһһӦʥļ֮ڲŶԡ
Ҳɰתͷ֪Ǭ䣬ǲһʥǱʥƷߵı
΢ǰԺͺ΢ں
ʥҲǼģһ۴αȣֺɡ
һߣҲһ߼򵥵ĽܡʥΣȴǵһ
λǰʥˡ
ʥˣƽʱ;סʥ֮ڡԼһʱ䣬ָǰһӴİɫԾԺͺ˵
ˣŲ߹ȥ
ոյִʥſڣһɫӰʥ˳
ˣͷеȣΪȳơòȥҲȽһ㣬עĿ͡һɫۣϴ΢΢Ц⣬ʥ߳ĿھͣƬֿ̣ס
ʥˣ׼ˣæ˹
˵׵λλԪ½ƿǰ׻ǱȽǫġ
ʥˡҲæ˼
λˣɲ˶񡣡
״ûˡһһҪסһʱ䣬ðƼ¯ҩʥЦŶԺ˵
ȥûʲôӣҸһ棬ҪװæƺЩˡҲ˵ʥ׹ϵܣǹϵãͲôֱӡ
Ҳʥλʥ˺׺ͣȻԼһμ棬̶ʱ֮ڣԼһֺº͵ĸо
ʥֻܷԸǣҾڵҲһЦ
ʥ˰֣תĿԡ
ԣж״ϸ磬ҲһƺҰɡأҲͶ״һϵΣʥž˵
ϸġҲ˼ˡ
˵ЩСϸڣҲ̫⡣ȻʥЩڣǾȻҲȥùͷ
ϵܹȻˬˣ봫еһ
ߣǽȥ˵ʥ˽ȥ
ĸˣȺ뵽ʥ֮ڡ
ʥʥڣĽΪǰеڵ֡ǰҲʥ߲ԱµĵطеһʥӴ˵ĵطڵʥƽʱסڣһ޷ʥڵġ
ʥʥ֮⣬Ҳֻгܹܽڵ
ʥֱӽԺͺףе֮УҶ
ϵܣң˵ɣʥȻҲǲϲˣֱӾʾԵ⡣
ȷʵ£
ϸ磬Ҳ֪żڵѾˮĵزǹż£ģǹżȡϸ磬֧ҡԼʥֱӣҲͺֱӵ⣬ϣʥվԼһԼԸżҡ
ⷬʥ۾û̿˵
ԣԹż˽԰ɣʥĳȴڡ
żǴ½ߴ֮һս󴫳ǧ̷꣬ǳ񡣹ż棬Ӧǵʾ۷ǿߣʵֲżԪ½ϣʵƿذ˿֮ءϣżλʾߣڹīɱֻʣλʾߡԿ򳣻˵Լ֪Ϣ
ԣ˵ЩֻһҡҡͷҲǱϴҶ֪Ķ
Ԫ½ߴңǰǩһЭ顣
ЭݵǼ򵥣޶ȵĽˡһ֮Σʱ壬֧Ԯֻһ⣬ǣ屳ࡣ
ԣԸżңҪżҶ԰ɣôԹżҶ֣żҶסˣֻҪżûб࣬ʱ̣ңҲ־Ԯżҡ˵һþԸе𾪵顣
ף¶Ծı飬ȻҲ֪¡
˵û
߸ңҲ±ʥһƣԲŻᰵǩЭ顣Ϊأʵȴ֪ǰеĽ˹ϵʥ絭Цȴһ⡣
ߴҽˣȻʥġΪߴҼܹʥǡֻҪǲʥǣʥҲû취
ǽ˵Ŀģʥǡڴ½ϣһκһ壿


684 ʮ
ߴҰнˣκһԳܵĹ嶼Ԯ
ż⵽޷ֵĹ壬ͻ֧ԮżҶԿˡ
߸Ǿʥ㾡ȫҲĪκΡ
Եģһӱó
ʥˣѵûбİ취𣿡׽˫üʥ硣
⡭ѶȺܴ󡣡̾
˵ʵҸ˵ϣ֧־ϵܵġĿǰʥǵ㣬Ҳ𲻵żҡ
ҾãϵǱǿΪʵԽǿ󣬶ԸżҵİվԽ󡣡ĳ˵
¶Ц顣
ϸ磬ʶҵĸ׺͸׶԰ɣûнӹĻͷǻһתʵ
һ
Щģ˾һۡ
֪ӦõõǬ䣬ȴ֪Ǭڵˮлꡣ
ɾͻȻʳôһ⣬˵Աض֪һЩĸ׵Ϣ
ûϿڡ
볣ˣ¶֮ɫΪǶЩ飬һ֪ġǾˣ丸ף϶ҲǾˡңֻһСļ壬ôʥˣʶԵĸĸף
˿ʥı飬ȴˣʥƺʶԵĸĸס
ϵܣ㶼֪ˣڳƬ̺վǿˡ
û֪żΪҪԸ׺ҡһʮǰԨǩǷЭʱϸҲǵˡԵ˵ͷ
Ǻǡ粻ȻЦһ¡
ԼȻ֪Щ£ҲӦòµĸ׾¼ǱżҹѺ£ҪǱʮϰ꣬ΪѾԡ
ðɣ
ĻҲͲٶȰ˵ˡȷʵ޷Դʥǵȥ㡣һˣܻԪ½սܻӵ½ÿһ䡣
ߴұϷʥǣǸоΣѵʱʥǶǵĳͺܴˡ˵
⻰ʱʧҲûʥ˼ʧֻ
ûʥİһҪƽżңҲġǣ̤ʥ򣬾ﵽ˵ʾ۷壬żҵİնѳһ㡣
ȷԣ̫ˡ
޷֪żжٵơҲ޷ȷһᶯö֧Ԯżҡ
ȻԳ棬ϵ㣬ȴҲǲܽʥǵ绰ͻȻһת
磬ĿдһЩɻ
޷ֱӳģʥڵʾߣҲ˽˵壬ġͺ񶫺״΢Цſ˿ס
ǵͷӦ
ԣüͷ壬ǲʥ˼
Ը׹ϵãԺж飬ҺǷǳˡ
ЩʥڵĵʾߣʶǣԸ˽Լ
ԾãԻ治
ԼԸǾ޴ĺôľżҩҲδеͨ
ֻʾ߿ϰҲ𲻵Եá
ϵܣ˵˵ʥʥʥҡܹܣǳáЩ㶼֪ˡ
֮⣬ʥоλλԶǵʾߡ翴žԡ
ʥľλʥҲжš
Ԫ½Ĺٷϵ֮Уʥ⣬ȨλߵģǾλʥˡ
ʥݵλܹܳ൱
ʥĸܶ鳣֪ʥȴδ֪
ô˵ʥǴ½ϰ
Ҿݾ֪ʥȻʥˣǵĶҲǿһ̶ϣʥǿʲôҲ˵ʥÿǾλĸܣ
ʥǻʣǵ
λÿһλԼһЩֱŴ½ϵĿǣԶԿǵĿֱ
ԣܵõλİĻᣬʹöˡ
ҪǣþλϿ㡣λӦö֪ĴϾᣬʮ꣬ʱҲ̡ЩУһЩ㣬ҲЩΪȻġǿߣǺܽģײˡ
ҪõǵϿɣҲһѶȡ绺˵š
ΪͬȶԻʸҴΪʥʮ׳һذը
ʮ
֮ǰʥֻоŵΪ˾ԣȻҪһҲǵʮʥǴ㣬þԳΪʮ
ⷬҲǾҵĲ
ܳΪʮǶھ˵ô϶ǼˣȾǾ˵ȨȻΪҲвõĵطǾΪʮǾԾʥˡ


685 
˵Щ󣬾;Ŀžԡ
ԾɫϣԴӦ
ݣ׶Ķ
ܳΪʥ׿֮ܶǳʥߵսҪ󼫸ߣǴսͺһˡ
ú뱻ԻɱĹīɱʤ㶼̫󣬺ײս
ȻīҪɱףͬҲѡ
ԲδǶã˾
ΪʥȻǼʥΪʥԼǷǳٵġң½ϣҲҪһʥ
ϸ簲šԶ繪˹Ӧ
ãȻû⣬ҾͰٿ顣΢ЦǺǣһɲһ仰ܶģҪͬ⡣
ԣҪ׼ܻ顣ԾԵǰԤ롣
Ե˵ͷ
ΪҪô򵥣ҲͲֻоλˡԪ½ϣʾȻǺܶ࣬Ҳٵֻмʮ
ЩǱ¶ĵʣҲһЩġϾ½ǷǳġȥЩĵʣһЩɢ޵Ҳ١ǣֻǺ¶ˡ
ʥĵô׾͵ˣٰеɢ޵ʾǿߡ
ãھȥ֪ͨλյʥμӵ顣Գ÷Ըһ䡣
ã͸λϢӦһ뿪ʥе
ʥҲԺͺʥڰסĵط
һɫĹڡ
ʥЩŮƯЦдڵŮ
ЩŮҲߡ
Ϊ׵һˣǴﵽ˵ʦ
ЩŮʱΣǷ̾ף˵һҪ
׵ĻЦЦ
Ƕȥɣ£һǡԶǰʮڰ֡
ǣˣΪ׵ŮӦ뿪
ǣɲκΥ澰Ժͺ׵ĵط
ڣֻʣ¾Ժͺˡ
ԣʥټٿ飬ʱҪɲҪ̫͵ˡɫԾ˵
Կ˿ס
ЩһĸúܡǱֵֻῴ㣬Ϊ۸ʵǿӲ͵ǿӲֻǿߣӮءõǵİû㹻ʵǾʥǿѹƣǿҲɫ
ʷ棬ɱȾͻöࡣ
ײѣǾԻֵܻ͵һЩôһ˵ҲȻ
ˡ
ţǳɹΪʮǾͲһˡȫԽԼһͺŵԼһ
£ǿߣھ˵ѡǵʾߣҲҪҩڴ½ϣṩʾʹõĵҩĵʦǷëǵġŵĵ
ڵ֮ǣ֮ûеʾҪΪô
ܼ򵥡
ײǹٷˣʦڵбʥô룿
׺һ㣬ҲⷢչԼʡñʥǡǴڴ½Ҳңĺܣһ˵ûʲôԸ
ԳΪǾԾбȨһЩ󺱼ĵҩ£һЩʾߣȫǿԵģҲʥġ
ҲǣʥȨ֮һͬʱҲǵо޴Ĺؼ֮
գʥǰ
һӰ½˽
ЩˣǾλǼ棬еĵке໥кеĶ飬еȽ䵭
λȫ롣УֻһλŮԣˣȫԡ
˵ܹܣ㵹Ǹǣʥ˽ǽйʲô鰡Ҹ׼չؾ͵õϢⲻж˱չؼƻһ򳣻ãʵ
ɤźܴ
ոкΪ߰ñ˶䶼졣
һڣλҲĿ⿴򳣻á
ǣôܹܣҲ̫ʵ˰ɣ
˭˵ǣΣһʥˣҲҪ˵µģǰǣ
Ƚ϶ĵ׷׿ڡ
ЩȽϰĵȻûгԣǱ飬Ҳǵųøʥټԭ
λҲ֪ʥңҲȥ׷ʰЦǺǵ˵
Щ򽻵Ϥúܣ˵ҲȽ⡣
ܹܣ̫ˣãǻĻǺ˷ۣװһӡ
ɻԩˣЦǰô˵ٻ
õ죬ǷǳʵġҪǲʵҲܳΪʥĸΪʥĴܹܡ


686 ƾʲô
ò˵ЩҲû취
ʵϣɻȵҲ֪ӳÿǰõϢûʲôϣ
壬ҪǻԾһգҲûϣ
ˣ
ʥӴ
λʱվ
ʥˣ˷׷׼
΢Ц߳ʾҶ£Ҫ
ã˶ˣȥ뾰ԹɡĿԳõ
뿪ʥ
ڳľλ໥ӣȴû˼ųѯʣɻû˵
ٿ飬һ£Ҫλ顣
λ˵֣绷ˣ˵
ԣżìܵǸ𣿡ɻȿڡ
ûͷ
˵ԣ˵һССӵܣ츳ߡӢ
ӢڳУΨһŮԣҲǾλ֮һߵ
Ҳ֪ԣѾӵеʾΪ˲ãںʮ꣬ηһȥͱȽϴĵĵ
ǺǣżԣеǣһˣûǸɱż̫ϳϡŵ΢Ц˵
λû˵ҲͷʾԼ֪ԡ
λҲв²ʥʲô˼ղŵóȥоԹȻԵʥֻǲʥʲôʥٿʲôԭ
ǲãʥΪ˽ܾʶֻ໥ʶ棬Ǹٿ顣
ĪǣʥΪܹżң
ȷʵţʮͳΪʾߣһɱ˹żҵĹī̫ϳϣҸ˷ǳ⣬ֻĵӡ
λ鶼в̶ͬȵı仯
ʱ򣬳ѾžԽ뵽ʥ
ǣȻĽĿ⿴һϮɫ۵ľԡλȻǵһμԣĿжżֺ档
λֵܾǾ԰ɣȻᰡɻԣϾĴк
ԣλɻҲʥ˵˳Խɻ
ɻԹ˹֡
ô⣡֮ǰֻ˵֣㡣ʥʡȥˡɻЦ
΢Ц
ԣǴȱÿгĺ˵
ȱԼ
ȱԾԵ˵ͷû˵ʲôϣҲûʲô飬дʱ뷨
Ƕ
ýλȫԽһ顣ЩеĶԾΪ飬еľͱȽ䵭
ȻҲǵйأеͱȽϻ࣬еϲ˵ϵ飬Ҳ˵⣬ӱҲԷеһЩʲô
ԣҲ¡ڽ֮ʥԾԵ
ԣ˸λ¡
λȻһᣬһɢ
ʥĿǰоŵӽտʼһҲǽʮ飬þԵʮְ񡣡ǳֱӡ
ⷬڳĵһȫü
ɻ𣬶ֺڵ˫üһš
Ϣ̫ͻȻˡ
ʥŵṹս֮ûȻ仯Ǿŵȴһֱǹ̶ġ
ͻȻһȷʵ˵Ԥϡ
⻹ص㣬صʥ˵ӵһҲǵʮȻþΡ
ʲô뷨˵˵ʥ˶٣˵
ʥˣ֪ΪҪһ̳ʵ
Ҳûرԭֻϣܼʥʥ֮һְֲʺϾԡһþԵεҾһܺõ⡣翴˵
Ǿŵģʽս֮ͶµģһֱĹͻȻ仯ǲЩף˵
ⲻ⣬ŵʮûбʵ𡣡ڰ֡
ʥˣҪһѡҾûӦôӳǡӹͷ
ֿԡ
Ȼ̤ʾ̫ˣ²ء½ϣȾԸʸĵʾ߿Եʮ⻰ͺܲˣЩԾԵ˼ˡ
ʱȷʵܲʥİš
ЩˣΪĹ̿ɲɡңǵĸΪǳǿλ֮УҲǵʾΪ
Ȼնɱż̫ϳϹīĳɼҲ˵ʲô⡣īֻһʾߣսڵʾкһ㡣Щˣһɱī
ڴ½ϣܹɱīĵʾߣҲǣƾʲôþԳΪʮ
һʮߣһӾǾŸǧĵƽƽƾʲô


687 ǿӲ
ڽ֮ǰ˵ԣδı档ڳԹ͸޴̸ˡ
ʥգҪԭʥŵԭлһþԵεʮͲˬˣĵ׵ִʥ顣
ʵж鲻ãҲ⡣
ô󣬱Ÿ˷ֵ⣬ͻȻֶһԡԼֵУǾλֵȻͻһЩ
ʥһǾλûֱϵⰵйϵĶǺܸӵġ
˵Щʱһֱ΢Ц
Ԥϵ˳˳ĳΪʮˡҲΪˣ죬ѹԣܲô˳þ׼
ͬĿԻᣬʮꡣΪǿԷڡλУͷĵ۾ӿ˵һ䡣
ʵļͷΡ
˵Ŀǰľλвǿĵյܱߴҡɴ˿ɼȨж
ǼԾӪĵҲһǿӵ
ʥջ飡ŵҲ˵
ղھԽʱλŵԾԵ̬ȻǱȽģڷԾԵʮ̬Ҳܼ
ʵ˵ףǻЩԡ
½վʱ̣ЩֺǿУԻûƽƽʸ
ǰԻС
ʥûþԵʮĻҲȥԾԣϾҲԵǱΪǵǿߡԵ޹ʵģﾰȻǲǵġ
ڹϵˣǾͱվˣڻ᲻ﾰԣǾǴһҪǵˡ
һֱţû̫ı仯˽Ȩ֮󣬾Ҳ˳˳ĳΪʮԶλķӦ׼
ûм֤ʲôֻаЦ
Ҳ֪ղǼʮĵпҲǲ̫ġϵ飬˵⡣
λ˵΢Ц˵һۣ˵
ղ˵ˣѾ̤ʾսǿҪ˵ڵϵĳɾͣҲǼߵġԵĵ츳츳Ҳʲô˵
⼸仰ڳĵУмλֱӾ¶Цı顣
ʥˣ
ڵϵ츳Ҳжš˵֮ǰĵϣԵ㵤һλáǣֻһʦɣ
츳ٸߣһʦԺĲȷԻкܶġ˵㵤һʦ֮ȷʵвճΪ߼ʦҲٲ֣һܴﵽ߼ʦĳɾ͡
߼ʦԪ½ϻкܶġЩңһڣһ߼ʦڡ
ǽҪڵϣǱضӰ쵽ٶȡҪϣ¾Ͳ̫ߵĳɾ͡ҾãʦݣεְҲǼӲ˶ٷֵģ
˵Щģ
Ե̬ȣ˵Ƿǳļˡ
˵ЩʱʱĿԣ񣬶δӾϹι
˵ЩʱҲŵͷȻȽͬ˼
ԣȴЩˡ
ⷬУڮ˼̫ˡЩ˾ǶԾԵм
Կ˿üͷҲ塣
յϢѾϻˡȥô꣬һһֱͣʦλ𣿡Ц˵һ䡣
Բ˵ƺãһ˵ɫʱ࣬ĿеҲ
žԡ
Ȼ˵ĻЩŭˡ
⻹ûΪأ͸ôײˡֻ˵˼侰ԶѣԾȻ͵涥ײǻе˼˵յϢʱˡȻǲ
˼ѾǸ߼ʦ˶԰ɣЦЦ
ûȷʵǸ߼ʦԵ
˵Ǽ仰󣬾ҲףʱԼѡϢ˱ֵųһЩֻЩСԼ
ʱ򣬸ǿӲ͵ǿӲԷΣ
λϵ磬ȴǱùŹ˿ԣǳһ¡磬ƺҲϣЩƵԵ
Ƶ֮£ԱֵΨΨŵŵһҪϢˣҲʧ
ڵϣʥʥվھߣԻΨΨŵŵҵˣʥʧҲ


688 ׳
ΪҪþԳΪʮ
ԭһһҪԭǣҲϣܸɵżҡ
Լʱ϶ԸżңϣͨԵ֣żҡ
ûжһбҪþԳΪʮ
Եǲ㣬ǼΪʮҲ޷İ
յĵ飬Ҳм龰Ե˼С
ߣ㼴Ǹ߼ʦΣ
ҵУ߼ʦҲһһ˪ȵΪ߼ʦͺ˲ˣ
У߼ʦǺ˲𡣵Ԫ½߼ʦҲ㲻ʲôˣӦÿԼ۽磬ҪճԼûʲôôֱԡ
ҲҪŭ½ϵĸ߼ʦȷʵҲټʮĸ߼ʦ½ϣҲֻоһءò˶ãԾܳΪأ˵ɻЦһ
ԣԼҲھͳΪʮɻʵ
Ȼĵ˵ͷ
ԡʵ˵㲻ҪżġʣȫһҲóʥ˺ܿ㣬ʥô֧㣬һЩʱ䣬Ǹ𣿡ɻУȰ˵Ե˼
ĻҲе
ʵԽǿԽʢεȻԽС
ȻɻҲãڵľ̫һЩ̳Ϊ
ü˿ɻ𣬸Ҫ˵
һȣͻȻ̧֡
Ǻǣ״ˡЦŶ˵
ʱȷʵʥ֮⡣
תĿ˿磬ʥڣȴ֪׵ʥ֮⣬ɴ˿ɼʥȷʵʥڵһжա
λ״ûɣ翴λ
λ飬ǵ顣һ˵ǲ͵ġǣú׽Ҳûʲô̫⡣Ŀǰ˵ҲˣҲμ˵
λûһú׽
ǵȻʶס
Ԫ½ϣҵĴҲֻкˡϵĴʧãȥҲ˵
ûóóȥ׽
Ƭ̺󣬺볣һͬ뵽ʥ֮ڡ
ʥˣ
λã׽ʥ繰˹ּλк
λҲ׷׿ĻӦԺףλǴĵ׵أԾԵ̬Ȳͬ
ôʥˣɻɤŵ
˵⻰ɾͲˣôͲʥˣЦһ
ҵȻӭ״ˣֻǼ̫ˣҲܾȡʵʵ˵һ׼һʱ䣬ȥæƵҩءɻɤ˵
Ȼսһ㣬Ԫ½ϵλܳȻʥľλԺҲÿͿģΪͬںס
ʾߣҲҪһԴڵ˵Ч΢΢ֻҪľżҩŶΪ԰
ڴ½ϣҵʦƾżҩɲô׵ġЩеĶʦԴ£ҲƳżҩɳɹʾͺ˵ҼɹƳƷȻҲ޷Ƶĵҩȡ
˵˵
ʵΣ뾰һʥġײɫ˵һ䡣
򵥵һ仰͵Լ뾰Եܹϵ
λԣɫ΢΢һ䡣
ЩԾ׵ĹϵҲһЩšǱϾûھȴױֳ뾰Եܹϵһࡣ
ãλж΢΢һ
Ǻװ̬֧־ԣǾͲòٴκһԳΪʮˡ
ƽʱЩҺƵҩҲôסҪ֧޶ĳ֮⣬ǻÿûʱ䡣ҪǾܾƵҩҲûκΰ취ֻܸɵš
ǣв֮ǵĳףʥҲƵҩ
λҲˣȻ֪ĽУѡʱʥĿľΪԳ
ü˿ԣҲǷ
ԣô׹ϵôãףǿϾһˣѵǿоԵĵ츳վΪӣ
뵽⣬һ
ЦЦԺ˵״ԲĵӰɣ
ãֿԻȻûйⷽĴԣվΪӶûĻ˲֪Ҳ
⻰Ҳ¶Ȼɫ
Ǻ׵ӣǺ֧־ԾͱȽˡ
״ʱȴ۾һĿ


689 Ҿ԰æ
վΪӣ
ʲôЦ
Ҫ˵󣬺ȷʵվΪӵĴ㡣ϾʱԻֻһʦǷǳġ
ṩһϣúײúͳɹڵϸһƳƷʵҩ󣬺վΪӵ뷨;Ҳûв
Щǰһʱڶٳǵʱ򣬺뾰ҲڵйٵĽǼµĽú׶̲סҪݾΪʦˡ
׺ڵľԣڵϵѾȫ֮ˡżҩھƣǼֱԷˮһɡ
Ϊ뾰ԹϵԽԽãڵϾԶԺҲĵ׽ָ㣬ûпԼԺ֪ƾżƷʵҩ
֪һ󣬺׾;ãԸԼԼԷĵԵӡԱԸԸܾˡ
ˣҿûʸվΪӡ׿Ц˵
Բӣԣжʱһɡ
Ҳָɫ
ֶЩ棬Ϊκ˵ûʸվΪӣȻЩŹ֡
״ǰڵĲϣԺʱ䣬ɵðƵҩߵӢ˸ᣬĿоź˵
ڵżҩǾżҩ֮м亱ĵҩ
ֵҩĲϣޱһֲϣԪ½ҲģһЩϹż߶⣬ֻԨſҵǲֲϡ
ɴ˿ڵÿһݲϣޱȵ
ߵ˵ڵĲϣ󲿷ֶ¶Ľɫ
ڵڵʾ߶ԣǲɶõҩǵʾ۷ߣڵۺ졣ֵҩϣ̫ˣʾ۷ǿһݣס
ڵƣҲѡһľżҩЩӵԴİ˼ʦпƳڵȴûƳɹĿܡ
Ҳ˵ʾҪõڵֻһ·Һװæ
ڵظһ顣
ԣ״Ҳ֪ڵƺѣʧʺܸߡģ¯ڵȫʧܣҲ׼ߵº̫Ϊɾܾǰ˵ⷬ
ǺǡЦЦ
ʮǰһ治װߵڵڣҵǿһԡȻҲûаٷְٰգҲгһİƳɹŵĵ
⻹Ǳص˵
ʵϣڵ߳ɵİƳɹݲϾΣζʧܣҲ̫ˡ
ôһ˵ߵ͵ĳ
ԭΪҲɵİգû뵽ȴ˵ϵİգĺϢ̲ס඼ֱ
ţʥþԳΪʮƺʲôˡ
ǺܰæƳɹһ¯ڵҪ֧־ԳΪʮҲȫԴӦ
״̫лˡߵϿҵĵл
˵˵װ֣һΣҿʥ̵ʱ䣬ʱߵڵ
ԣߵϲ
ҲϲɫʥڣҺˡҿ׽̬ȣƺΪ˰ԳΪʮӦȫҪ
ǧѷĺûᡣ
⵱ȻҲ£Ƕ̫˼ֱֹԳΪʮˡ
˵գȻںףȴ֧־ԡ
ȻλУҲȫ뷨ҲеȻǼᶨĶԾԳΪʮӣ˵
״Ƚϸ㡣ߵӦܿ죬ȡڵĲϵݸס
֪һҺ˿϶١ˣҹζడ
ڳͣ״ǡߵһ䡣
ȴûмȥߵĲϣڰ֡
ߵȸһݲϰɣõ
ߵü΢΢һأЩɻĿźס
ᣬֻǾãȻһİƳɹڵҲо԰յġ¯ȷʵҲпȫʧܡԣȰһ¯ǳɹͼʧܵĻ˵˿һԵľԡ
ǾߵҾ԰æˡ׶һ£仰˵˳
ɲﾰӦдӦЩƵҩ
һԲЩƣȴ澰ӦǾǲʵġ


690 
ߵӶˣ
Ҿ԰æƣ
⻰ʲô˼ʧҾԣѵƾżҩԪҳɹʱȺ׻Ҫߣ
˲ž
λźס
Ҫ˵ԳΪ˸߼ʦǵšҪ˵Ǵǿ϶޷ŵġ
ΪѶȿɱȳΪʾ߻ѵöࡣЩңдǧ֮õģޱ񣬵Ǽڣûоżʦڡ˼ʦǲ٣İ˼ʦÿһҶô
ɾżʦҲǴЩңȫûеġ
Ǿżʦ
ֱһЦ
ߵЦźף״ͲҪЦˡƾżҩ֣ҿṩϡԪĲϣǲҡ
ߵ˵ʱҲԡ
Ԫ̫֣Ҳ̫ˣñҲΪһľżҩвٵģóһЩԣⲻ⡣
׺;ԣȻߵ˼
Եǲ̫⣬ɫȴˡ
ߵɲҪڰʱǧ˵û㡣׵ͳ˵ࡣ
ں׿ԪߵԼ顣
˵̶ֳȣҲѾ㹻ˣߵȻžԵʵܲ⡣
ɾԵĵʵȻĵʵҪ
Ҳ˵ʲô
ԾԵĵʵ뾰԰æһ¯ҩǵ׬ıˣߵȻ˵ŭĻ
ߵٴסˡ
ʱҪǿûЦӽˮˡ׵ıȻǿЦǷǳġ
Ҳɻ
״㲻˵Цߵ˵
˵ЦЦһߵ˵Ҷ˵ˣǰĽϣҾٶ˵һ䡣ֵһ붼硣ԪԸƣһʧһ¯ɵƷʺԳࡣ
ζ˵һ䡣
⻰˵ߵģҲ˵ġ
ⷬڳˣٴˡ
ٲţɺѾ˵̶ֳˣҲɲǲԴ׻˵𣿾Բᣡ
ԣǴˣ΢΢˿Ҳصıʵ
磬֪ѾǴʱ̫̣Ԩִʮʱ䣬ûеõص鱨ҲԴʱλʥжʮ𾪡
ʥˣ˵ûȷʵǾżʦԵ˵ͷ
˽Գƺϸ磬ڵĳϣԲֱӺΪϸ硣
⡭۾Ĺʶ˶ԺҶҪҶ״ˡ
ЦЦ뿪Ц˵
ǿԵȻտʼȫͬˡǰһλżʦݣ;ԲЩ
ԴܷԪߵͶԾ
Ǻ˵ЩԼԼǾżʦ
˵ǻʵĴ
Ҫ˵ϱȺǿߵǲŵġ
˵죬Բʮ꣬Ϊжʱ䣿أٶǰʱ򣬾Ǵˡ
ڵϳɾܱͣȵϺף
ߵ뾰԰æԪˣΪӺ׵̬ȿԿʱǲ뾰԰æĻ׿϶ǳĲ⡣ײ⣬ĵҩô죿
׻ǻԼƣһײ棬ƵʱһЩǱ¯ҩᱻʧܡ
ʱ޶ûطȥޡʧܣҲҺ׵鷳Ҫ⳥ϡ
ߵ˼תҲܿ죬þһ¯ҩʧˣǺҲ˵ʲôȻȫȫʣµĲٰһ¯Ԫ
ߵһʼû¯ҩܳɹֻҪɹһ¯ˡ׼ݲϣֻΪ˫հˡ
ҿ԰ߵһ¯ԪԵ˵ͷ
ҲҪչʾһԼЩСԼðߵһ¯ҩÿԽλ
ΪҵľҪϣֻܰߵһ¯Խ˵
̫ˣߵװ˷ܵĵǾԴʲôʱʱ䣬Ͱһ¯ɡ
ھưɣߵ㽫һݲϸҡЦ
ڣߵһ㶡
Ŀ⣬ʥڿٿ鰡뾰ֱӹϵǻӰ쵽飿


691 ̿ʼ
ߵû뵽Ի˵Ԫ⻰֮Уѯʥ˼
ʥ磬ԴͬеЩ⡣
˵ʵЩʥ磬ĵҲžڵϵȺ׻ҪǾǬ䣬ȻҲ̫˼ˡ
Ǭм˽⣬˽Ҳϸֻ֪ǬϵһݺǿĴУԴеľϢͲ֪ˡ
ԣȷھҪߵԪҾã㲻ʱˣ׼ˣٿԪ¡ߵҲżƵҩ翴ԡ
⻰ǷԾھͿʼƵҩ¾˲ִٵƣǳɹж٣
һʧܣͱ˿Ц
׸ոմԣϾʧܣɲǾԼź׵Ҳÿ
Դĳ˵̰Ц˵˾䡣
⽫ּмԵ˼
Ȼ˳˿΢ûڴʱ
ʥ㲻ԣ̰ߵһ¯Ԫ繰˹֣ҲҪ̫ʱ䣬ʮԡ
ֲһ䡣
⻰˵ֶ΢΢һ㶣󵱳мλЦ
ʮ£
ⲻЦ
ǾżҩǱȽһľżҩʮµʱҲԲɣ
ЩȻԵͨҲ֪żҩҪķѵʱ;
ǰĺ˵Ҫһ¯żҩҲҪʱ䡣⻹ͨľżҩԪֵҩðһ¯Ǻܿܵġ
ȴ˵ֻҪʮ¡
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ʵ֪˵ʮ£ѾǺܱص˵ˡĺܸʱ䣬ȫڼƳһ¯Ԫ
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ԣȻ֣ҲûӦҲûüԾ˵
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692 
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694 
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Եʮ⻹ûнҪ顣
ʥĻڵ룬Ȼ뿪ʼһˡ
ǳΪʮĵλ˵Ȼе΢Щʧþ԰һЩҩȫֲʧ
ҾȻֻǵʾΪ˼ᰡʮǵʣأһǧأ
ʾߵԪܴﵽǧ֮õġȲ˵Ե츳˵ǴݣҪ־żҩֻҪвϣƳĻ
ҾþԴȫԳΪʮɻһڡ
ΪԴΪʮûκ⡣ߵӢҲ
Ҳͬ⣡
ûȻ΢һЩһ;ΪȣұȵĲ͡Ҳˡ
鿪ʼʱ򣬴ȷʾͬ⾰ԳΪʮģҲı˵
һ
һڡ
Դɷһ¯ڵžԣʱǻί
Կ˿˼תһ¡
ԭʹ㣬ÿһλһ¯ҩġղȻһЩìܣìܲǲܻģֲС
ԴʱԣҲڰһ¯ҩҲôһǻìܣڶñ˿ԲСǼˡ
һ£Ծ˵׼һڵĲϣȵһᾡƳ
ԵҲǱȽ͵ˣȫԻΪ֮ǰĲŭ
ǣķӦȴþЩ⡣
㲻һݲ𣿡
ߵոգǸһڵĲھǲϰһ¯ҩϣʱûڵĲϣԺҵһǡֱ׳˵һ
Զˡ
ˣҲü
˼˵ҰҪȵ渶ϣ˲ٻңһֱûУҲͲû𣿡Цˡ
ˣԲûҼ١ôģԻǵһμ
ûȵ渶ϡô㻹Ҳ㣿ΪʮҾͬŵĹϵҶģҿ϶ᾡϻ㡣Ȼ˵
⻰˼ƺصϢ
ǾǣԵ渶ϰͬ⾰ԳΪʮǾԲӦҲܲͬ⾰ԳΪʮ
ô˵ǲЩˣߵУ̺ŷŭ
ǰ㾰ԴҪҲ׼òϺӦĳͰɣ˵Ҳü
˵ʵ֮ǰԾԴԣҪңҿܶԴԸҶЩ塣Щ˰Ҳˡ
Ҳҡͷ
˷ŭУǴЦ
۾Щ죬ɨһۣЩˣǡΪԵǿǾȡþ𣿿ʼʱǲҲһǿЦĺܣˣͲϲһף԰ǺܺáԲңҲԲǿ󣡡
Խһ
սɱʱӦòҪʹ÷˰ɣɫʵ
Դʲô˼û׹
ƤȣѾͻʰʲôķ۷ԺƤɣһ˵
⻰һ˶һ
Եһ仰ûһףҲûӦԵڶ仰˶ʱһ£Ц
һʱɫĿеŭһȼ
ԣңϵɱ⣬͵תжֵ뷨ʥڣ治Ҷ֡ԣɱֻתȴǱסûֱԡ


698 ʵ
СˣԲУɵӣҲûˮ
ʥ֮ڣðȻ֣Բʲô¡οʥ뾰ԹϵԱȽϺáֱӳ֣Ǿ͸ʥָԤĻˣ˵ͷصְλܡ
ΪһҪԾԣеһЩΪ֪ء
Ȼرһ£ҲĴСְλϴôꣿ
ʵϣ뵤ҹϵǳܡһӣһλ峤Ů
Ϊϣ־ڱصõԴԶߣҶԾԲ˳Թŵ£ԾԵһӡͼ
Ȼھչ¶ֶܼκ϶ҲͲʲôˡĵ˵Ҳ뾰ԻɸΪ񲯡ǣС֮ĶȾ֮ˡ
ΪԿԲں֮ǰЩԴǡ
Ҫ԰δҪԵ渶ϡˣ⣬ԾܾƹˤѾ˾ԣٵһ㣬ƺҲûʲô
ԼҲҪżҩһ·ӣһľżҩǿԵõġ
ڵĵҩҲƳȻƣԻ
Ȼᣡ
ίߣҲΪܺ޽ٵİƵҩһͬ⾰ԳΪʮԺͻᱻһ߿
С֮ĶȾ֮ԼôҲ϶ô
ʱ֪Ե룬ʱӶˡ
ʥˣҲͬ⾰ԳΪʮʥ
λͬˣֻ㲻ͬ⣬ҪһɡЩ俴
ʥˣʥѡ񣬿صʵǴ٣ҲǸ߼ʦΣֻǵʾھ磬ΪȫԳΪ˵ģҲʵ顣
ʥƶʵ񣬻ûеʾڵĵֹһ㣬ҲҪʾڲſܳΪ
ɣǹӲģʥ֪澰Ա⡣
ߵȵҲɫһ
ʱ򣬾ȴʶЦˣЦ
˼˵ѡҪ׼ʵ԰ɣʵ㹻û˶԰ɣЦ˵
ûԣΪ治ġҲҪʥ˵ǲġתĿԣȻĵ·Լվڴĸߵ㡣
ǺǣǲǵݣԵ
ԣʲô˼֪ʣҵȻǵݣʥҵΪǵʾڡֻǵʾڣѵұȣЦ˵
Ǿ֮ܣҡҡͷ
ʵԵεʲô⣿УҲȣ㲻ұȡǵΪ治ġЦ˵
˵ʲôɴ۾ϵɱⲨǿ࣬ԪҲڡ
˵úΪﵽ˵ı׼ҿ϶׼ܶࡣ۾˵
Сӣ㻹ҿڣƾ㣿
ʾڣΪɱ˹īǸͺˡ㣬ԶˡǲžʵԼȡ
֤һ㣬ܼ򵥡ǲдһΣںÿӣ͵
Ҫұû뵽Ի˵ԵĻ
ĶžԣڴȾⷬǲơ
ԲƣԺδ
𣿡Ե
ңЦ
ʥˣҲˣǾҪұԵġһܾǲƣݱ䵽һ
뾰ԱԣǻֹԳΪң»ᱻЦһʾ߶£Էԡ
ü˿ԣȻҲڿǾԵʵ뷨
ʥˣһս繰˹֡
Ҳԡͷ
֪Ǹ߼ʦó͸߼󷨶ǲ΢󷨣ӦҲǿԵġϣӦ΢͸߼󷨵̡
֣Ӽ߼󷨶Ըǿڲ֮ء
绰º󣬾̧
㡣Իδ£ӰѾʧʥǰ֮С
ߣٶȵǲЦĿоҲųǰ
ˣҲ׷뿪ǰ档
Ժʥ֮ϵʣңңԣˣԶʣˡ


699 
ʥ֮ϣڡ
һϮɫ۵ľԣŰɫ۵ӰƲ֡
ǵΧԪռڵȫ⡣ǿҵɽ磬ھһξ룬˱ܿ
ѾվԪ½˵ĵʾǿߣʼһ춯صĴս
ԶʥˣһھԺϡ
ǣ΢Ц⣬УƺһЩڴ·뿴˽ֺĽ
ʥˣ˵ԴĶʾڣʱ䡣Դʮ̤꣬ʾмʱ䣿õĿӾתƵϣ˵
ᣬǸԸûһգụ̂Ͳд衣Ȼ̤ʾʱж̣ҲǵʾΪ㲻ҪǣǸ߼ʦϻȱ΢͸߼󷨵𣿡΢Цſ˳һ˵
ԣҲǻȻĵ˵ͷ
û
ʹ̣ͺսʱʹѧһϸ˵󷨶ԵУҲʵһ֡
˵ɱʱѵ󷨲ǲɵˣ
ɱУΨһĿնɱ֣ʲô¾͵ʲô¡ѵɱеʱ򣬵ҲͲ
ҲˣԴǸ߼ʦǰ׵ˡߵؿڣɳһ˵
ߵӢ֮ǰԾд裬ҲЩĵġ
ʥþԸ˵Ϊȣ˵ߵ˵뷨ˡ
ʥĻҲŻȻ
⵹ǲܹ˾ʦݣǴ½ϸ߼ʦǷǳϡٵģЩƽʱҲѼ߼ʦҪ˵߼ʦˡ
һʱ䣬ûȥ뾰Ǹ߼ʦϵ󷨹
΢͵ĸ߼󷨣Ȼϣ볣ĸ߼ȡǣ΢͵ĸ߼󷨣һҲвʾߵġ
ǵʾ۷ߣͬ΢͸߼ǰ⡣
ӳʮ΢͸߼󷨣Ǿǵʾ۷ǲܼʱӳ󷨵ĸǷΧҲֻ޵һ·
ɻˣࡣǣҶԾԴǴĵ׵ЩԴʮͣϾѾ̤ʾǴ߼ʦλ˵Դǲǹ¼˵ɻ̾˵
ǰЩˣҲǴ½϶⼶ˡ뾰ԴȣǼֱһλЩΡ
ˣȷʵǺ١ǱţԼİǲˮƽߣҲĵ׷ǶԾԣƺ벻С
λ׺ͳãҲ˵ͷ

㻹лֹһд衣һǽˣھˡĮ˵
ʵԲ̫⡣ڣڸһᡣ
۾΢С
ԣ𣿡ԵĻ
֮ǰԵǿƣΪƣŻԼЦǣԼ㱻Żסˡ
Ȼڤ粻飬ǾͿʼɡٶ˵ϻ
ԣ֪ʲô⣡ߣ룬΢͸߼ǿѹҶ԰ɣ
Ǹ߼ʦϵ΢͸߼һ١ĿоղһֱԼܻ鷳Կеĵƣ뵽˾Կ̶ܻչǿй
һ߼֮Уͻ鷳ܻܴ
ĻҲЦЦӿʼûø߼̶Ըһ߼̣ǼֵҲǺܸߵģϣȻ˷ѡ
ԣҳҶĸ߼̣ûʲô̫õӦֶΡǴø߼ңҲʵǿܲҪ˵
ЩùģҪ̼ԣþԲʹø߼̶ԸԼ
ԵȻ˼˳˵
ܼ򵥣
Ҫҷͱʹκ̣ƾı£ĻңΣһ˵
ԼĲԣΪġԼ̣ҲɡıӦ̣⣬ҪݺݵĽѵԷйеŭ
Զˣ뾰ԵĶԻ
ԴɲҪӦǸ߼ʦ̶Եв쾭ѵɱĶǸ߼ʦԷ̣ʲôߵӢȫվھһߣ̾Ѿԡ


700 Ȼֹ
ڵ̫̫Ҫˡ
Ʊ˵ֶΣö֮
˵Ƥͻʣһ㶼ԩ
Ҫһ㶼ͣǾԵļʮϵĲҲˣ˵¡Ȼƾʦʹ̣ʥױô
Ϊʥٵÿһ¸ӣֱǳ⡣ףȴǲù˼ôࡣ
ԣǧһģô־ộ֡ݺݵĺֶԾԺһ䡣
Կ˿ףЦЦ
תɫƤ񲻼٣Ҳ֪ղԼǷǳûе˼Դ˺ǳ⣬Ҳֻ
Ҳ̾ǡڣ˰ɣŲм
ӿʼԾû㶯̣ⷬĹĲԣȫǶġ
ô˵жʱϲ룬㲻̶սֻбҺݺķݡ
ϲˣȴü
ôͱɹļأ󷨶սôʾΪ߶֣
ৣ
ԼһɫĹӡ̶֣ʡٳʲô۶ӡȻԲ̣ȫֱӿʼʹǿսԻܡ
Ȼˣֱɱԣû뷨Ҳô
ԣһУһͺȣĿоӿȫԪ߶˼ޡ
еĺɫϣһƬҫĿĹϯһأΪ֮ɫ
ռڵڵ˼㡣ǿռϣԿһֱ۴ϸĺɫѷ죬ǿռݱ˺ѵľ
ԿĶ
λʵȷʵǿҪǹż̫ϳϹī֮ǿ౶
ʱкɫϿգһƬɢŨɱӰֳӳĵģǵЦ
ǡѧߵѧ۵ӰһȻ˾ĵز
䣬һܼǿĵؼѧҲԪ½ѧ֮һ
֪ǿѧ䣬ѾܾûмʩչһѧˡԣǲﵽʲôĲΡ
һʩչ䣬λ¶ԾɫҶĿתĿš
䱻Ϊĳ̶ˣǿĹطɹС˵ɻ˵
ȻֻǵʾھΪڵʾʱ䣬ôʱ䣬ûһѧоǲֹͣܽһҲҡҡͷ˵
ǡһֱΪսǿҡڿһĴˡҲǸոͻƵ˵ʾ۷壬֣ҲᱻܡߵӢͳ
ߵ˵һûҿǾλУ˵ʾ۷ĵ⣬ʵǿġһλͬǵʾڵĵЦ˵
˶ŵĿųе;ԡ
һ˸еԾʩչѧȷʵǷǳĿֲǺ嫵ŰһƬռڣϵ˺ѿռ䡣
ǿѧ۵Ӱ·ܸо̺Ŀֲ
ԣɣһȣʱޱš
Ҫһ֮ڣԳ׵ĻܡȻɱԣԻˣǿԵġ
¡¡
۵ӰžֹȥͺһƬĻ˺ԸУѾѹڵء
꣡
ɫھǰۣ֮ϣһĹâͿ
ʥ⽣û̫飬ʱУκλҡ
ޣ
һнԻܣͬ뽫ܡһսҲĺûᣬһнܣôʥЩô룿
һ֣Ҳǽ߾ȫڵԪȫת
һ񹦣ͬʱٿѰѧı֮
飡
꣡
ں޵ʥ⽣ٶȿ쵽ޡֻɲǣײ໥˺ѹƵ졣
ѧ۵Ӱʥ⽣֮£ϵı߽⡣
䣿
ΪһʾھΪҿ⣿ԵֵЦ
ҷɣԣҲɱ㣬Ľ˵Ȼֹ
뾰ԽֵˣԼʩչĹʲôȻ˽⡣ʱо
۵Ӱʥ⽣˺֮£ǱȽʵϣ̽Ҳգ۵ʱͽ


701 ʥҲ
ʯգ֮䣬ѧӰѾ׻
˵ķӦٶۣʩչѧʼȱͬʱ͸оһ쳣ָ̾һӦԡǣѧɢٶʵ̫ˣͷն˶ԵĽѾȫǡ
ںطʥ⽣ٶж죿
ھնɱīʱ򣬹īΪԵĹ˲ƶġɴ˿ɼ⹥ٶжྪˡ
ãðкɫӶ
ǣԪ̶ȣͱȲϾԡ
ոմ߶Ԫͱʥ⽣ɨƽ˵ɱʱѾˡΪԪոͱĥʣʲô⵼޷߶ֻܱ
ѹ
ͷųеһȡ

ۣ
ʵӰȻŵ׹ȥʱ䣬˸ܵĽӴ
ڱʥ⽣֮£˳һѹ޷֮ͲܿƵڵϡ
һײɲᣬֻ³Ѫµʯ棬ҳһۣѷܡ
ԿҪվƺһεƣĽѹڵϣƾϵŤ֧֫ţ
£һֱѹơ
˵䵽ִµֻǵʾΪǵʾ۷壬ʱҲھԿ
ڵ޷ʹóʱֻܸоϺһɽĽѹ档
еľһ粽Ϸŵ
Ӧ÷˰ɣԵѯʡ
ɱ
ûôϾԼۣҲʥˣʥ˫ûԹ£ֱɱʡ
ңҲܸо֮ǰҲûնɱԼĴ㡣ʱȻɱŰǿĶɱģҲܸоó
ΪˣԲŻ
Զ˵ĵǣʱһɵˡ
ǲܲɵ۰
ӿʼʱ򣬾д裬Ҿͺ֮֡ʥѣһȻǸ߼ʦô̺߲
˽֮ǰ˵ʹ̣ôҶΪҪһս
û뵽ǣһսģȻʾǿߡ
ս͸һɹ졣
ǣûпףǲˣûôܵġʩչѧƾˣ죬ΪҪԿʱĹȻ߽ˡ
ţͺݺݵ׹ѿſڵվ
ʥˣ⾿ʲôһλȻĿ˿ϵתĿʥʡ
Ŀ
һսδҲ̫һЩ
ʵҲˣڳĵʾ۷ߣ֣Ҳ˿ͽսȻһС磬ֶҲ٣ѧǺܸߣܻ߻ɱʾ۷Ҳ÷һС
ھУȴ񲻿һһնɱȥͱ
һʾǿߵӰ𣿻һʥ
ѯʣʥҲЩࡣ
ΪҲʲôȻսľÿϸڶָƣԼѽ
ԵսǴﵽ˵ʾ۷ɣţӦǶĵʾ۷սֻһ䡣
һڵд
˵񣬶һ˿֮ɫԡ
ʾ۷ս
λʾ۷ΪĵԺתͷԼ뾰Խ֣أһ룬ǲֱһΪǶԱ֮󣬺Ȼ֣뾰ɱտܻԼᱻɱʹ̣ǡ
λʾ۷弶ĵɫѿ
뵽Լ֮ǰЩԣǶʱϻġ
ҷ
ҷˣ
ԵƬ̺ġ
ңֱӽоΪˡ
ҲЩЦãǹġΪһЩʱ䣬û뵽ôɴˡ
ҡҡͷ󣬾ͽѹ
оһɣſٵɫ΢ЩףҲ֪ǱŵģΪղ³ĺüѪ
ǱվʵʵվһߣηĿžԡ
ˣ
Ȼзֶûüã֪ΪΣԼֶȫϣҲԶǾԵĶ֡


702 ʮ
վһԣ˫ִţԴһԲ
Ǵʱ
дžη֣һЩã
Ȼĵ׶ԾԲη㺡Ƿǳˣϧڸղһս֮Уûκεֵ֮ͱѹڵָоɲһΡ
Կ˿ʱķӦ⡣
ʵϣһʼ÷ֵǾԾ㹥Ҳһ֮ѹ
սѾˣҲе뾰ԽһΡ
ʥˣҲٴԶ˽ӽ
ǣһ鶼ͬһоͬģǾǼϣǶԾҲκơ
ڳˣҲֻʥʥſѹסԡˣûš
ԾԳΪʮ˰ɣѯ
صҡͷ
ʥˣԴǵ˭ףһӦһ˵
·ղżֲͬˣͲһ㡣
Եĵ׾㡣ԺκηԸֻܽңֶԾԵ
Ҳ˷ۡ
ҲĿһۡ
Ƥȷʵ
ȻȫͨǾûˡԣʥʮλԺһóã㡣Ծ˵
лʥԹл
ݣһٷݡΪԾͿԽԼҪԸżңһˣǿ϶Уٶʱ޷
żȴǧļ壬֮һ˸޷
˭Ҳ޷룬żһһЩʲôֶΡ׼ðȻɱżϳǽ˭˵塣
ãȸʥڰһۡԺõֶԳ÷Ը
֮ǰֻоö˾ԣҪơ
ǣӦ
ˣε飬Ϊֹλǿȥˡ˰Ц˵
֪Щ϶Ҫ뾰Թͨһ԰æƵҩȻʥҲĴ㣬ǲһʱȵȵ뾰ԹͨҾҲ
ʮλ뿪ʥ
ôžԣʥ帽ѡۡ
ʵԶԸ֮ۡĶǺ⣬һǣԼûķʱ䣬Ծ;Լһۡ
ǽ븮ۡˣȷԵĸۡ󣬲Ŷ׷׸ǡ뾰԰æҲҪ׼һ£׼úݷþԾǡ
ڳҲ뿪һ֮ۡڣֻʣ¾Ժͺˡ
ԣ磬ǵʾڣˣղһֱڣ̵ڡ
ϸ磬ҵľȷʵǵʾڣҵսһʾǿһЩ˵
Ҳ̫ǿ˰ɣôҲǵʾΪߣѧطƺҲӡǰȴ߹һЩ޷⡣
̫ˣΪҲ֣ٶȻңԲŻĽʼСģ׼÷ҪȻҲѣ϶㿴ɡЦЦ˵
Ȼˣҵսһʾ۷ӦҪǿһЩȫ֣ӦҲɱҡĿ
׵˵۾
ԣһôƬ̣ת˻⡣
ڳΪʥ϶ҪùϵȵżҿսæһЩԳһ˵
ǣʵģҲǵʾڡǾ㲻ùٷݣٷԼ˽˵ǿеġ
ţһ
Щ϶Ҫ£ߵ˵λǾֵýύˡȻ֮⣬ҪԼΪʥӦûһ֧ٷӣżҿսٷ޷á
㽨ԼбŪһ֧˽ȫʹá׻˵
ϸ磬ʲôð취Ҫӿٶȣȡڽ϶ʱڣγһ֧ɹ۵Ķ顣һź׵
ҵһ뷨
ԣڵϵ½ҲҵȵĵʦȻʦ׿˿ԡ
󣬺̽ԣҲʦֻһ㣬ԽԽɣ½ϵһλʦ̳ܽ
ǣֱֲѯʣѵʾԵǲƭ˵ûʦǾԵĵôģѵͻ
ϸ硭׵ĻεЦЦʵҵʦѾԪ½ˣӦ뿪ϡ
Ҳ֪ô͡Ҫ˵ʦλˣǰɣϾԼĴС˵Ҳǻѻ


703 
ڵ֮ǶԺ˵ѣҲȲѣϾʱԶԺ׵Ʒ˽⡣
˵Լʦǵϼһر
񣬾ԲҪˣĪеʦνֺ鷳
Ժ˵Լʦ뿪磬ҲǻԣԽ˵ĴУҲ˵İӡ
뿪磿׵žԣЩԾ
ϸ磬˵ҵλʦӦһλ壬ʵޱȵǿ󡭡ֿЦ˵
ˣѹ̳ܵôĵӡˣǾͲ˵ˡһҲھʦϼת˵ԣĵԪ½ϣ϶ܼġҾã㲻翪һÿ꿪һ۵ᣬ½ĵʦ۵Ҳ㽲ⵤ
ͿԽȴȥ½֪㾰ԡ
ȻأٴϢ˵۵ڼ䣬İﲿֵʾɢߣƸ־żҩϼ޻˵
ԣҲ
ϸ磬˼ҺˡһԼڶǿɢޡҲһ͸
ȷʵںܶʱ׳Լ
ûԪ½ǿ߻вٵġ֪һЩʾɢޣͲ٣ЩʾɢУкܶ඼ûмģֻҪ£֮һʮ֮һǾͷǳǿˡ΢۾
£ʾɢޣҲ£һЩЩûм壬ûĵţΪӡβҪһ׼˵
ڴ½ϣλΪôȻ
ĴݣʵֻһǴ٣һˣƶٵҩ
һ¯żҩҲҪʱƳһ¯㲻ˣжߣ붯
ڶԭ򣬾ǺдĵӣвټΪĵʦⶼǺ׵ıǮ
ϸ磬⻹ҪæȻһҵĺ»ǲСȥⰡЦе˵
Сӣָָԣ㲻˵ҿ϶ҲȫȥУҲߵ˵æʥӰҲǼġԽǿ㣬ô½ϾͻԽ㡣
ţԺߵ˵̸һ£ԸⲻԸæԵͷ
ڶգôŵԣֽԡ
ûʲôڲģȥһľġ
öԾͿԴĵĴԼûöǾԾ޷ģչԼ
ܹܣҵæڽӹ󣬾ЦŶԳõ
ԵôʲôҲˣʲôԸֻ˵ǡúˬ˵
ģҵ壬ʥǿһҪأʥڣһء˵
΢һ¡
ʥǺܴ󣬵ʥʲôط½ʥأ
ҪʥǹһأǾԲףҪĴۼ
һҪ󣬳ÿ¾ͻʾΪˡҪ󣬳ÿ϶þȫѰҲþס
Եڲܸٷְٱ֤Ͼȥѯһ¡ģһᾡܵİ̸顣ó˵
лܹˡҪʯ⡣صλãҲԱȽ⣬ҪҪһЩĵط˵
϶Ҫܴĵط˼۵طûУЦˡ
ţҶǾھȥѯһ¡վ
ԽãͳԼĵۡ
ڽһʱڣ½λӴ
ЩҪ԰æҲ֮ǰĳŵӦÿһ¯ҩ
ֻҪвϣԿ԰һ־żҩ
ȻˣȻҲ١
λʱ򣬾ҲûߵӢͰ˵ɻˣ˵һԼҪ˰æĵ顣
λֱӾʹӦûκεǿҲþĵף˺øиһЩ
һºһ죬ٴԣҲһϢ
ĳأнչˡأλʥǻԭʥһ˽ء壬Ҳûص˼峤ϵȽϺãôƶһѣͬء


704 
һʱҵʵĳأȾԤƵҪࡣ
ϾԼҪǺܴģСأǵһЩ
ɴҲԿȷʵǷǳ¡
ԵأĿǰʥǵƼСƼ峤оɡöԾ˵
ţƼӦҲǿڴܹܵϣŻתءԵͷ
ⲻʲôܰﾰԵ㣬Ҳҡ¶Цݡ
ҲЦЦ
ܹܣƼתҪʯʯⷽ˵۸ҿ϶Ƽ⡣ʵ
ԵҵûƼƳ̸Ƽ㣬Ҳ֪˼Ծûֱӹü
ҲãһøлƼҽתøҡԲĵܹܣھȥƼң
֪ĳüĿҲЩȲˡ
ײǱżҹѺǾҲżԸżҡڸ׻ڹżУԿ϶Ƶ׼
ǲȥƼңƼʱҪתõǿϣǿֱȥȥ档ߣҽ㡣΢Ц
鷳ˣֱȥȻ˭ȥ˭ʲôط涼һƼ̸ֱ׸á
֮һӴլ֮ǰԺͳõ
լӣȥǷǳưܣҲûʲôƺǱˡĽ߲ܰûɵӡ
λȷʵǲ϶㹻ˡ
Ժͳõʱլ֮ǰвѾ
Ϊ׵һˣۣ׷ԲԣЩͣȥͼ
óýܣҲܲ³׷ԲԵߣӦþƼҵƳ
Ժͳó֣Ƴæ¶Ц⣬ҴһȺӭ
ԵλƳöԾԽƳ
ѣλʥʮԡýֽԽܸƳ
ˡƳæԼ
Ƴϸ粻ض񡣡˵
Ƴ㽫Ժͳãӭլһڡ
һ䷿ᣬȻǱոմɨˣ߲ͬȴɾࡣ
羰һլԺȷʵһʱ䡣ʮǰƼһʹլԺڼʮǰƼҵõһµլԺ㽫ǨլԺһլӿûʹá
ҲԼĸл֮⡣
Ƴϸ磬Һ⣬Ҫʯֻܿ۾ǡһѺ󣬾⣬ѯʼ۸
ҲƳʨӴ󿪿ڣƳǳˣԳõݺͳԼĹϵҲܿƳԼ
۸û̫룬ҲͲ̫⡣ͨԴͲ̫ں磬ܿ۵ĶҲˣͨʯҲһʯͷˡ
ԵѯʣȴЩ
ѣ㿪۾ǣԵɲȱʯȻðмۿۣҪҪ̫࣬ҿɲӦЦŴߴһ䡣
ƳЦһתĿ˿ãֿ˿ԣԥ
ԵҶһ󡣡Ƴڿڵ
Ŷ˵ş̧̌ü
жţԵ״ϵǳáԣ뾰Եҽܸ״ʶԵǴӦæأֱ͸Ե㡣
ȻǾԵΪѵĻ͵û˵أȻ԰мۣԵ㡣Ƴ˵
Ƴ󣬶ھ˵Ǻܼ򵥡
ţֻҪ£һܾԲѯʺףֱӾʹӦƳ
ƳⷬҲûþκεĲá˼ֻ󣬲ҪЮ㾰ԲӦ˼ȻǻὫԡ
Ƴ̬ȣǷǳġ
ֻǽܸʶʲô
ѣ״ʲôʵ
ȻҲ֪Ƴ
ܹܣɱûǰ˵ʵҲʱģ±ߵ˸ҳôһ⣬ҾҲǸᣬԲֵ󡣡ƳЦЦ˵
״״æһ¯ҩƳ
Ŷ΢΢һ
ĿҲ
ʱ䲻ˡ
ʵӺ翪ʼҾҺ״ˣһֱûлᡣ״ܼġƳ̾Ϣһ˵
ʱ䲻ˣ΢΢һ㶡
ǰܹܣû˵¶ʵҵԪڿٿݽߣȥĻ໹вʮƳ̾Ϣһ
ôܣѣѾǵʾԪǧꡣڵͣŸոһǧɣһɵĵ


705 ҿԵ
ʾߵԼǧꡣ
ƳһǧңԪһѣͺʮͨˣꡣ
ҲĿ¶ɻƳ
ӵһۿƳԵĵһо̬ӡԻΪƳԶһǧˣԣ֪Ƴһǧ
ܹܣ֪ʱܹ˵ġƳҡҡͷ
û˵Ϊ˼徭ɱսܹٴˡõͷ
ţ֪ˣ㲻֪ΪʱܹˣӰԪǻԵɺ̤ʾͲ֪ںδˡܻ죬ʵҲˣҵЩ󱲣ȴǲҷϣƳȻ˵
ȻƽȴЦЦɲƳȥ
⵹ǲ˵ơ
ˣҶ״Ԫĵҩõ˵ͷ
ϣܹԪ䱦
ͨһƷǳԻá
ңͬһԪ䱦ʹãЧҲԽԽ
һ˵ЩʵǿߣһЩԪıԱʱ֮衣
Ǵ⡣ƳӦá
Ե״ϵܣҶԵں״ԸⲻԸƵҩԵҪ˵ƳվٴԹԵԸæƳм
Ƴ̬ŵüͣҲûҪЮԵ˼ܾ԰æƼҶתøԡ
Ƴ׹ϵĺܺãæǾ֮ͣӦòܾŶԡ
Կ˿Ƴ
Ƴϸ磬ϸ磬ȷʵǺܼ򵥵һ¡˵
Ƴʱһ
ϸ磬ֻΪĻͲҪˡֽ˵һ䡣
⻰Ƴʱһ
ְȥΪǾܾΪˡ
ƳЦЦʧı顣ղ˵ԼõˣʱԿԿǷԲˡ
ûνôܻ˵ʧ䣿
ûϵҾͺ;Ե̸һ̸صתðɡǣͰм㡣ھԵ֮ǰҵļҲعһļ۸񣬾ԵҪǾü۸ˣǿԼ̸Ƴ΢΢˿еʧɢֿɫ˵
ûΪԾܾ͹صתá
ȵһ¡ȴǰڰ֡
Ƴϸҵ˼ˡ
˵ϸͲҪΪʲôҩҾͿ԰ơ΢Ц˵
ʲôƳٴ
û뵽ԻĻȫԤϡ
Ҳ֪ǵʦϾƼҲһǿļ壬ӵеǿļ壬ɶǿġϢҲǺͨģҪȻô֪׹ϵã
ƳҪƵĵҩǾżҩƾżҩƳ֮ǰûпǵ⡣
Ƴϸ磬ʲôҩЦʡ
ƳŻع
Եĺ⣬ƳġҪƵĵҩǾżҩҩֽ÷Ԫ½ϣҲֻк״бȽϴİֵҩȻΪƾżҩƳǱȽϸ˵Լ
ҲǶԾԵء
÷ԵȻҲ֪һܹԪľżҩ
÷ҪһֺĲϣ÷¶Ҳһϡ䱦ǳҡ
÷֮ԪҪأ÷¶
÷¶̷ֱܴߵԪƳ÷Ч͸ˡ
ʾߣһʹ÷¶ӴԼʮ굽ʮԪǵһʹ÷һ굽ԪеӳԪ
÷ҿơҲƳΪԼ÷⡣
Ԫ½֪ԼǾżʦˣࡣ
Ե㡭ƳֱԼǲˡ
ѣԵð
ԵһǴһԵ
ʵ˵ڵϵȺ׻ǿܶࡣ뵽˵ܶԺЩû˵˵ǴҲ㹻ˡ
õĻƳвˣ˽⾰ԣ֪Ի᲻ڲƭųãòƭ
Ȼö˵Ǵ϶ġ
⡭ġĲ֪ԵǴƳɫ΢΢죬ղŶð뾰Ե¡
ĿȼĹʡ


706 ڴ
֪ҲǴƳȻ
ΪԶ˵ˣ԰Ƶҩ˵ֱĺϢ
֮ǰƳϣܽ״ʶǽ׼档ںԸⲻԸͺ˵ˡ
ƳһİնûСƼȻṩĳͣʸˣһˣ˼ǴݣҲҪƼӣϾʥףҪ֣Ƽʲô
Ƴɫžԡ
Ƴϸ磬˵̫ˡ˵ʵ½ϣȷʵҲû֪ǾżʦԼƳЩ״ΣҲЦЦ˵Ҫ÷ҪõĲӦ׼׵˰ɣĲǶ׼ˣھ͸ңԺһȥ׼ơ
˵Ƴϲø
ղžȻ˵԰û˵ʱ䣬˵ҪŶŸʮġʱԪ׿ݽ߶ˡ
ھ˵Ժ׼ȻƳϲ
÷ĲϣƳ֮ǰ׼ãʱϡ
ԵĻƳ̾ȡһöָֽ÷ҪĲϣöָ֮ڣ˫ָֽ͵ǰ
˳ƽָֽ˹ͷһһ½ָڵĲϣȷʵ÷ĸݲϡ
ԵǸ÷¶ɫƿ֮ڡƳһ䡣
ҲѾָֽУһɫƿƳôһ˵Ծ͵˵ͷ
÷ҪĺĲϣ÷¶
Ƴϸ磬ĺˣһᾡ콫ҪĵҩƳеġָֽ΢Ц˵
żżƳ֡
˵Ųżп϶˭żԪѾ;ƿݵĵزһõԪ÷ƳԸ⸶޴Ĵۡ
ţƳȡһݵҲǾǴʱڵƬլص
Եݵ°ɡĳͣ㡣Ƴ˿۵Ľ͵ǰ
ԭƳĴ㣬뾰԰ʶͽ͸ԡھԿ԰ȻҲͲҪˣأȻ͸ԡĳͣ㾰ȡǣֻҪõó
ôãƳһ¡Դٶ࣬ûȥãٶԴҲ˿áԪ˵ҪġܻþãǸ
Ƴϸ磬أҰĳͰɡµ֮˵
ôУⲻУԵǴܰѾмˡͣԲ١Ƴȴҡͷ˵
ҿɣһЦſڣҪأǴ㽨һġԭеĽ϶ҪؽġѣؽĹﾰԽؼǴ˴뾰Եĳ͡
Ƴ֪Լ뾰ռ˴ˣȴġΪڵϵȷʵȺҪǿܶࡣ
ԼƳž԰ѵƳҲ˿Կ
ȫû⣬СһϡƳ̾Ӧ
һ£Ҳûзԡ
ƳȷʵܺʡƳļƼңʥǶǶļ壬ǽκβʱҪԼţǾ̫˷ʱ侫ˡ
ǾƳϸˡ΢͵ͷͬ⣬ҵл
ֻС¶ѡԵԵĽûҪ󣿡Ƴʵ
ţһҪעһ£ҪһȽϴ۵㳡ڳ֡ڵͨĽǿһЩԵ˵
Եĵ׼⿪ŵģƳžԡ
ƽʱǲŵģҴ㶨ھٰ۵ᣬʱܾͻкܶǰԽ˵
ҾˣԵֻܷģ¾ͽһԶšƳһظ˵
ţУô˵ˡ˵ţ򳣻ãܹܣߣ
ȻˣǾ߰ɣõ˵ͷѣȥݻ㡣
ҿ϶ӭƳ泩Цһ
ƳԣԺͳͳլӡһȺƼҸ߲Ҳͳ֮ǰЩƼҸ߲ڷȺģǶ֪Ƴ뾰Խ̸
ԵǸƳЩֹ
ϸлֱ˵ǡתĿƳ
ţ֪һ£Ǹ÷ܹƳƳڿʼ̲ס˳
˵żȻǼٵģ޲̾õҩһõ÷ϰԪ
һ£˿Ƴ


707 ٵ
ôһۣƳжʱһš
뾰⻹ǵһνӴԸͲ˽⾰ԸȻղŵĽ̸Уһֱɫ̬ϺܿƳ治ȷ᲻ΪԼһ仰ﾰԡ
ʵϾһۣΪᷳƳ׷һ䣬Ǵϸ£ٽƳĵҩƳġ
Ƴ׷ʣƺǷǳеӣôҲһʱ䣬˵һһ㶼ûʲô
Ϊһ¯ҩھ˵Ҳͼʱ
ƳżԼ΢һЩǡ
ʮʱɣʮƳϸ㵽ҵĸۡȡҩҲ΢һ£˵ʱ䡣
Ƴԭء
Ƴϸ磬Ǿ͸ˣԶƳ˹֡
볣һͬ뿪
ʱƳûʲôӦԺڴʱֱһƬհס
ʮ죿
ԵԼʮȥĸۡȡ
⡭
Ƴ۾ĿžԺͳ뿪
棡ƳĶλƼҸ߲㣬Լԭس񣬶ԵͳôܹܶѾ뿪̲סԽһ
ŶŶƳŷӦ
棬λԵ̸ôԸ𣿡ɫߣʵƼҵ峤
Ƴʶҡҡͷ
Ƽ峤˼ҡͷɫʱһ
Ǽ״޷÷ԼԪһʮҲ͵ͷˡʱ򣬶Ƽ˵͵һ룬ԼӰǼ޴ġ
ԵҲһλӦ÷ԲҪ״֡ƳƺڸղŵĴ֮Уûע⵽Ƽ峤˵ɫ
ʲô
ԵǴ
Ӧ÷̫ˣ÷ƳֻһţҲһʱ䡣ãϡ
Ƽ峤ˣ˷
棬Ե˵ʲôʱʼأ̫ã»⡣Ƽ峤˷ֿ֮ʵ
Ե˵ȥͻơңҪʮ֮ȥĸۡȡƳش˵
Ƽ峤ԣ޲ףһ˲ã
棬Եǲ˵ˣʮʱ䣿÷ǾżҩʮʱôƳƼ峤ȻҲǼʶˣ֪żҩѶȣǴƣҲҪµʱſƳ
Щİ˼ʦƾżҩҪʱãһʱһ¯żҩǿܵġ
ʮȥ˾Ե֪ۡˡƳҲЩķ
֮񣬾Ϊˡ
ǾԵ̫⣬Ƴܶɾƭˡ
ֻǣԲʥһǴܹܳԴģô룬ӦƭԼŶԡƳаתͷ
Ƽ峤ˣҲĬﶼûס
ˣڲҪ⡣һ£ǱáƳ񣬿ʼƼ峤˵Ҫ棬顣
Ƽ˵׾ɡΪ˷ֹκβƳҲָӣеƼҸ߲һ
ڵ֮ۡǰ볣õסķ䣬׼Ƶҩ
ӦƳȻʳԡʮڣ뽫ҩƳ
һת÷Ĳϣȫȡ
ָһ㽫һɫƿ֮ڡ
÷¶
ڴ֮ǰҶûǣĺö̷ֱߵԪԿɫƿ
ƿǣ˲͸ƿ
üһʱһ۲쵽ƿڵ÷¶һǿϲ
Ϊƿڵ÷¶Ȼʮεӣ˾ԵԤϡ
Ƽ棬ôõô÷¶ģҡҡͷЩš
Ȼû÷¶ûеõǣ֪÷¶ϡг̶ȣһζѼҪ˵ƿڵʮ֮ˡ
Щ÷¶Զĳ޷ƽϢ
÷¶ļֵԲںݡһ÷¥Ϳһ꺬ݣ߶ľżϡ
÷¥Ļֻ÷Щ˷ˡ
磬ٵɣ۾˼תͬʱĵ˵ͷ
ٵҲһԪľżҩٵ÷ٵĹЧ÷ǿǿöࡣ
ߵһη÷һϵԪǵһηٵĻӶԪ
ȻٵҲǬϱȽ϶е䷽֮⣬û֪䷽


708 Ƴľ
ٵĲϣ÷һͬҲвǲͬġ
ߣĲ϶÷¶
ȥ÷¶֮⣬ĲϣӼֵϿٵϼֵҪ÷ࡣ
ˣȻԥٵΪٵЧ÷ߺܶ࣬ҪΪһ¯ٵҪһ÷¶һ¯÷һ÷¶
վԵķһ÷¶Ӧǿ¯ٵġĻٵ÷ͷǳЧˡʹĲϼֵȻҪ߳٣Щ϶ʯ򵽣ϡ÷¶нʡ١
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ǽ÷¶룬ÿһΣһݣֱһƿ֮ڡ
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ǧҲǾżϣֵҲǺܸߡǧԶԶ÷¶˵ûпɱԡǧⶫԾв٣ǰնɱǿߣӶԷѹģһֱûôʹá
ǧ裬ϡ÷¶һ÷¶ǧںϣϡͳݡͿ¯ٵ
ظ
һǣϡ÷¶Ҳǵõʮ˷÷¶ǧں֮Ĳϡ
ʣµʮ÷¶ȻⶫиҪô
ǿʼٵ
ٵ÷ǱȽĵҩÿһ¯ҩֻܳɵһţǰƹƵġ
ûƷٵ÷Ǿżҩ
ǬС磬ʹǬ¯ʼٵΪߵҩƷʣȻʹ̺طԴ
ٵҪ֮ǰʥƵڵҪɲ١ڵһ¯ǾſŵҩٵֻһţѶȲ֪࣬
˲һʱ䣬һٵ¯ΪһƷʡ
ֻǴԵĿһ£ͽҩƵڶ¯ٵ
ȻǿԪ½ܼҲܰٷְƳƷʵҩġ
ƳƷʵĵҩȷʵǷǳĸߡ
ڶ¯ٵʹﵽƷʡ¯ٵͬƷʡ
ʱɿ죬ת۾͹һڣҲһƳ¯ٵ
ʱϡ͵÷¶ȻʣоŷݣЩĲϣȴĵòˣҪƣͱȥĲϡ
ʣµľŷϡͲϣҲżƣԾʱ£Ժʱ乺ҪĲټƱǡ
һſٵŴﵽƷʣĿһƷʡ
Թ㣬һƷʵٵǵһηõĻӸԪкܴʵġ
Ҫ֪ٵ֮ǰԪ½ϣҵǿٵҩ÷÷ٵģЧȫȡ
ٵĹЧǴȥ¶𾪡
Ԫ䱦κʱڣ׷ġʵԽǿԽߣԪ䱦Խǿء
ͱ磬ʾߣͨԴô⣬ͨ䱦֮ҲпޡԪıǾǻ뾡һа취õ᲻ϧһд۵ĵõ
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ǰľſŵҩһ뵽һ⡣
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ſٵֱװһƿ֮뿪ǬС硣
ļ죬֮жȹġÿȺȲ裬븮ۡЩòŮʹ죬ӷǳɡ
ۡеʹӣԶŮԣ⵹ǾҪģʥôŵġ

ܹܳøۡ
ܹܡƳá
ѣôңЦ˵һ䡣
ȻϤҲʱ߶һµ£һһͲˡ
ܹܣʮǰԵҪʮȥȡƳڡ
ʱ䣬ȷʵ˾ȡʱˡʮȡڶʮŰµӡ
ɲƳסһֱھᣬвԽľͻᵣġ
һûƳ÷ô죿
һʧô죿
ƳҲüֱȥԵĸۡվûȥⲻ˼ڤģǾá
ѣ㻹ûȥȡԵʮȥȡֱӹȥͿ԰΢΢ĿЩ졣
Ŷѵ¾Եû÷ƳȫԷĵġԵڵƣ÷ڵ򵥲١ȻЦһ˵


709 ȡ
ڵѶȣ϶Ҫ÷һЩ
ÿۿʥǰУԽĿڵߵӢģҾһƷʡ
ߵãֱͻƵ˵ʾ۷塣
˵԰Ƴ÷ǹҲһƷʵġ
һƷ÷ƳǷã˵ӸϵԪڵʾ˵ԪҲˡ
ѣץȥԵۡȡɣü
˵ɣƳȴɲϾϵԼڵʱ̶ܸоš
˵ƳǲʮֵξԣȻ˵ԾԵݲƭҽ˽Ĳϡǣⲻ˵ǡ
ȻҲ֮顣
ܹܣæҪпգɷһͬȥԵƳųϣ
εҡҡͷ˵߰ɣһȥѰ㻹ǲ˽⾰Ե
ǰԸۡ
ۡͬòŮԣʵףӢˬ
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ܹܴˣƼ棡
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ʱƳɫȴЩס
̬Ǹոսƾżҩģ
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ģƳ߹ȥֻǲȴЩƮ
ʵƳʱ֮㷲²ϵʧʵǹϵԼǾû÷ʧˣˣٹʮģˡ
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úƳǰʯԱߣŮܿ죬Ͷ豭˵衣
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ƼʹõĹˣǶߣٶȵȻ졣
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ĵҩٵԼ˵
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÷ԪٵͬԡԵͷ
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Щɵģƿ
лԵƳ˿ãֿٴεл
ֻǱ飬ͷ·һ㣬й˼ɶǿš
ٵȫûסʯϣ÷ٵѡ϶ѡ÷÷ĹЧǵõ֤ģٵ
ðգȥѡ˽ٵ


710 ٵЧ
Ƴ룬Ҳܲ³š
ҲûͣƳȥʹٵȻͻ֪ٵЧʱֻҶʧ
ҩƳҲûм˼˸ԸǡԣҲʹƳ뿪Լĸۡ
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ƳԾ˵Ļ̫ţȴͬ˵һƷٵ꣬ɡȻҲû˵ٵϣԾƹһֵʧĵҩ
ʱԾһû˵ĵҩʲôֵģ
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ӦðԵȻᣬ˵ʵǿҪȻҲܳΪʥĵң׹ϵҲܣݣôڲƭƼأ˵ˣ㲻ƼӣҲøܹӰɣ
Ƽһɸ߲Ҳڲ²⾰Եʲô˼
ˣȶϹˣҩЧΣȻ֪ˡƳһֹ֣˵
Ƴ뷿ڣˣδɢǵƳõҩҩЧΡ
ڷ֮УƳóԽԼƿĿɨǸʢƷٵƿ
һֵҩһηЧõģôԽ࣬ЧԽ
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ƳܸоԼ壬ڱᡣ̶һյʱ䣬Ƴ;Լȫԭĺʱȴó


711 
ٵ͵ĵҩЧٶȼ죬ҩЧõʱҲ̡ܶ
һʱƳ㽫һƷʵٵϡ
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ŲƳ߳䡣ʱƼڸ߲ŵĵ档Ƴһһ
ΪƳı仯ʵ̫ˣͨ˶һۿóƳϵı仯˵Щʵǿߡ
Ƽ峤ˣĿո䵽Ƴϵʱ򣬶ĺȻһһǰˣԼͷͷҲݼţϾǶ̫Ϥˣϲ
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⡭ԵôƳֵҩģЧǣŰõ𺳵˵


712 Ի͵
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ֻ볣ô˸кñڼʱڣﾰԹ˳Ĳϡ
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ϢͷȾ֮£ʱڣ½
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713 ǿߵ
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ңѾһЩ濴ˡҪңʥҲﾰԡ


714 ҵ˼
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棬Ҷˣ峤˵ͷ
ʵϣһٵļֵǲұһ亱ȡֻһӣ뾰Եܹϵӡ
ȴǧļ壬еĵ峤Ķӣȵڵһұȥͱ˸ȥˡ
ʱһȥ
ʥǣԻ͵֡
ʱһ۵ľٰڣֻʣʱ䡣
Ի͵Ҳȫ濪šҲֻеʾߣǰסڻԻ͵֮ڡ
ʾ֮µߣֻѡʥǵľ¥ס
ڻԻ͵ľ¥ȫΪ¥סȻһ
һЩߣֻѡԻ͵Զľ¥
һգڳء
ھԵĸۡڣ׺һЩȵЩͷˡ
Ϊ۵ѾܽȴһֱչءΪڱչУҲȥţһӰ˾Եˣֻܸɵš
Գغ󣬵һԵڶۡϿա
ৣ
꣬˲Ϣͷš
ǿء
̤ʾ֮ҵ꣬Ȼǿô࣡ɫȻĬĬת
ڵʾڵʱ򣬾Ե꣬ٳǶȫǡ
Ƕٳ֮ĺ򣬾ԵҪӣάֽϳʱ䡣
ʱԵ꣬ķ֮һʥǡ
ʥж
ǿֱǼμı
ھԿ£ڻԻ͵һ飬Ի͵ܵһ龰㶼ھԵע֮¡
˻治٣
ûμ۵ᣬ벻ôࡣ΢Цŵ˵ͷ
ԣ
һкȣ·
Ӱһȥ׵ˣһ߳ÿԽ
ղžԳأתԪɵϣ׵˸ӦԪԲųۿͿϡ
ϸ磬λ
Ц˴˸к
Ե۵ᣬٰģȻչصڡ֪֪۵ٰӣֻʣˣ˵ɻɤš
æûͷת򣬶ȴһбչء
˵ԹһЦˣҰһ¯ҩǲˣ
Ҳ֪˵ǣֻǹװӡ
Ȼ仰ɻϵķŭ̼ɢ
ԵΪҵңǧ£ֻܷԸһԣü˳۵ƨ˵
δ䣬ˣͶüűĵҲ⣬ʥڶ뾰Զ֣ȴһһľƨ
Կһۣ̤ǰһ
һʱ䣬ˣҺܸм֣ļ
ôһģֻȫˣøˡ
ԣȺ˵˵۵ı
Ѿֹˣ㽲ĵʦǧپʮˡҪ󣬲ǵʦˣҲֳܵۿҪۿˣɾͶˣ㳬򡭡
׶ԾԻ㱨۵
һΣĵʾǿߣϾʮˡ󲿷ǵʾڣЩʾߣ˳϶ɢޣһЩԵҵ½ߴң˱֪ߴңҲмڵʾǿ߽ʥǡ׼˵
˵һһߵͷ
ʮʾ߱ҲǳԾѡ
Ҫ֪ǹżңҲֻλʾߡ񱻾Ըɵһֻʣ
˴μ۵ɢ޵ʣȻﵽ˶ʮ½صĵʾߣȷʵܲ١
ⱨģϵġһЩûбģҲеġ
Щɢ޵ʣֵ£ġΪԼãֻ£֮һķ֮һǶǾ޴
Ҳڴ
ȻҪƿЩɢ޵ʣҲסԶԼһЩŵġѾǵʾΪԪ½˭۵Լ⣿ʥ¶Уʥʥ
Եʥǿƽܸоƽ£Űӿ±۵ϣЩ˻㷢Ѱɻ˵˾䡣


721 ֹ
˵˵ûԵСģЩ˿ܻ۵ϵҡߵӢҲ˵
鶼Щ
ˮڣҪң͵и㹻۵׼۾ĿԶ
˵ң־ٰ۵ʲô
Ե
ʱͻȻһԼٵ
ԵתĿȥۡŮƼ峤첽
кƼ峤д
λ״Ƽ峤˽˼ʺ
۵׼ƼҲɳְæƼ峤֣Ҫͳ۵ı
ҲΪһʱӴƼ峤׵ˣҲϤֱ˵ϻ
峤ô뿪ˣüʵ
ȻѾƼ峤ҪԱ˵ܷæ
Ե޹ʣô뿪Եĸۡ
״Ǳߣһ¡Ƽ峤¶Ц飬飬һЩŹ֡
ʲô£Ȼĳʡ
һˣոҪμӱ۵ᡣƼ峤΢ҡҡͷ
ǽ𣿡ղź׾ᵽˣѾ
Ͼ죬۵ͽʽʼⷽ棬ҲҪʱ䣬ͳƹμ۵˽з
ǰʱ䵽ͽֹˡǣҪˣЩͬƼ峤Ť˵
ʲôˣƽ
ˣǹʦƼ峤Цһˣҿ϶ֱӾܾǣԹʦҲԼ
Ƽ峤˵֣׵ˣɫ΢΢һ䡣
Ǿԣ֣ƺЩ죬ʲôط˵
˵ˣѵǹֹ򣿡ĿУ¶ŵɫ
Ǵֹ򡣡Ƽ峤˵ͷ
ôܣѾʧˣ⼸δ˵Ԫ½¶ô֣˵
ʹ󣬻ãǰЩ½˽öȽ̡
ȷʵмû˵ˣ˰ɣߵͷ
ţȷʵˡҳΪʥ֮ǰѾڴ½ʧˡ˵ɻҲ˵
峤ȷǹֹ򣬲ʲôðģ׾ɲʡ
ðֹҡײƭģǰҲ
ӦȷƼ峤˵Ȼֻ˵δˡҼ棬ȴԵɺϼڸղţҼҲӴһ£˽˵ðġ
׵˳Ĭ
Ƽ棬ôҲǵʾǿߣһ˶ֱ治٣һͷײˡңƼ滹
ȻƼ涼˵Ǳ˼ðģôӦľǸִˡ
ˣϸΪ֮ǳ֮ǰǵ֮ǵĳ԰ɣһ˵
û
ֹ򵤹ǧꡣǰͻȻʧ٣䲻ûҵټԣҲ֮ǳΪµĳ˵ʵΪѾˣû뵽š׶Щꡣ
˵ǰں׻ʱ򣬹Ԫ½ϵĵλҪںԪ½ϵĵλߡ
Ͼ򵤹ǧʱ䡣ڳΪ֮ǳǰѾǾżʦˡ
Ҳ̫˫üҪǻţǶǧˣҼǵãڳΪ֮ǳ֮ǰѾһǧɣڣǧˡ
ȷʵЩˣ
ʾߵԪ˵ǧꡣ
ǣҲһȽ뻯֡ͺͨ˵Ԫһܻ꣬һͨˣԲࡣ
ңһɱȽƽɱһˣҲԪ
Ȼ˵ʹһЩԪ䱦ԪıﲢоǣһֱҲ͵һʹõʱЧȽϺãʹú󣬾ͲЧ
Ҳ˵ö÷ٵҩټĸٱܻǧ꣬ҲίʵЩˡ
ڲ˼ֹΪܻôõʱǵһ£ֹΪͻȻʥǣһҪμӾԵ۵ᡣ׵ͳ˵
ѵԵٵɻ˿˵
ˣһۡ˵ֿҲеġϾͼԪ϶࣬ӾеõٵҲ
ǡ
⡭õٵݣֱҾǸΪҪμᣬЩһٰɣӢü˵


722 Ὺʼ
ڵһ;򣬾Ԫ½ľ뢣
ݷþԣǾܲ۾ǲ
˵ǺݷãҲֵһ
ٵҲϧٵĵ뢽á
ڣûԵĸۡݷãǱμ۵ᡣеζͺ˵ˡԿɲΪ򼸰겻ͻȻμ۵ᣬһԼ۵
ߵĻ˶Ϊ֮˼
߲ư˵һ䡣
ԣô۵Ĺ򣬹ڱʱֹȨܾıʾԡ
ǿù򣬾ܾμ۵ᡣǣһˣ¾ͻΪĿ갡һЩءʱǾܽˡЦЦ
ҲЦȻҲ뵽һ㡣ӵԾˣ򵤹ǧ֮ãжڹԲùϢȥЩӵ϶޲ýԸˡ
峤ڻصԻ͵ͬμ۵ᡣԶƼ峤˵
ǣȥ죡Ƽ峤Ӧȥ
Եʧ伣Ĺֹˣ㲻һ𣿡ɻžԵ
۵ϣȻܼңܴܿеⰡȥݷã˰ɣҡҡͷ
ֹ̬ƵģԵҲŰݷáĿǰֹеĿܻܴ
þԵŰݷãǲô
Ҳǣɻ˵ͷ
ʱ䣬һζ
һգԻ͵ͷܶ
ߺ͵ʦһ֮⣬ŵ롣
Ϊάʥ磬ɳһ֧ʥļԻ͵
˻࣡
ǰ벻ԣӰ治Сٰһ۵ᣬ˶ˡ
ţ˵ǧʦҪ۵
˵ǴҲ֪ĻǼٵġԣƺֻʮ갡ͣܳΪȻЩ˴б۵ģһǲš
ҲţҪô򵥾ܳɾͣԪ½ϣ𣿡
ƾǻȡ裬Ҫμ۵ᣬԼɣ
Ⱥӡ
۵ϷΪ
һ򣬱ǱϢõӦƣܽ롣
ڶͿɺܶ࣬ûеǼϢģҲͬЩǼǹϢһȻֻΧ۵ľֱӻ
ĵʦǧࡣǼϢߣࡣ
ǼһЩûеǼϢģ˻ߣֻ½Ի͵ߣܳʮ
ҲҺãȼ֮üΪӴ󣬲Щȫ
ʱڻԻ͵һ¥֮УһڣӰ̸š
Ѿţʱˡһɫ۵ߣɳƵɤ
Ϳϳ˵ˣǹż̫ϳϹס
ͬȫԨ׷ɱԵˣǹ׺͹īʾǿߡ
īѾԻɱ
ǣҲʱˡһɽߣĿоһ˵
˵񣬿ȥЩ𺣬θݣȴһֳըĸо
ͯԽҴżңٴθлףվ˹˹˵
˵˵׳ϣ̫ˡΪż£ҲҵԸɽߣЦվ˵
ˣ־ǽͯԽ
֣ǰͬԪ½ңĺƣ˵һŭ֮£ֱ˴½һС
ҲΪ£ʥŭԴŶҪΧɱգûܳɹɱͯԽʥͶλ֮£ͯԽҲЭˣʥԼӴӣԪ½¶档
伣ô½ϺܶˣļѾˡ
벻һΣȻٴҿҪΪżµӡ
߰ɣҲ뿴һֻʮᵤʦжٱ¡һ۵ߣҲվĮ˵һ䡣
ȻúᵽסĴֹ
ͯԽ룡ЦЦһĶ
ˣ˾¥
֮󣬻Ųٹżҵǿߡ
ͬʱ⼸ҵҲҲʱ뿪סľ¥ŻԻ͵⼸ңÿһңеʾߴӡ
ǣȻûеǼϢǼϢǾͿֱڻԻ͵ססľ¥
Ի͵ԵʾߣҲģǰסԻ͵


723 һ
ߴҵˣȻԸ⹫μӻԻ͵۵ᡣ٣Щҵĵʾߣṫҵİ޷¸߰ͷ­
ߴ뷨ӽģҲض
ԣμ۵ĵʾֻʮˣʵϵԶ֡
Ի͵ľ޴㳡ȦȦ㡣
Ȧǵʦǽ۵ĵطȦڶ߹ۿ۵ڡ
ӵУʮӰ١
ΪһˣȻһϮɫ۵ʥԡھ࣬ǺԼʥλ
ЩʥĵȫǶΪġЩǷžԵ飬ǵȻ˼˵ǶԾԵĵŲɣ㲻ǷžԵ飬ҲһҲΪþԡңԻһݣʥΪҲӦ
ƼƳͬھԵ
ھԵ˵ݣƼ棬ҪʧɫࡣƼϾҲǵʾߣԪ½ϣҲ쵱ĽɫʶƼߣҲ١ƼȻȲߴңҲǶ֮һ
ʥĵȻȫ
⾰Եӣ湻ģ
ˣҲʥ֮һʮȻʱ䲻ãڹٷͬġ

Ե˳ֺûм෴Ļǿࡣ
ʥλߣԵЩ˷ܡǣǿɶ½ǿߣƽʱÿһѼһΣȫˡ
ףǲǺ״ȻҲˣ˵ϵܣġϳ˾ߵĺס
ʵڳʶ׵ߣкܶࡣμ۵ߣ½ϣʵǿһ
Ի᲻Ǻ׵˽ӣ
˵۵ᣬں׵֧²ٰܾġ
ҥԣȥġ
ٶ̫죬ۺ죬ʼɡԣЩУһʼдŶĴ⡣
ԣ㿴˰ɣھߣ˵ָ΢ָһλá
ۣüȩ̈
ԣ΢ɲĵ˵ͷֹûš
ϸ磬ڵϣǿǹֹǿһЩԺһ䡣
΢ЩΣǹֹҸǿһЩɣ֮ǰǾżʦڵε֮ǳǧ֮áʧꡣڵϵжǿҲ˵ʧ֮ǰڵϵ¾ͱڵһҪߡ
Ҳǻˣӡ
ţ֪ˡԵ˵ͷ
Ŀ⣬ӹȥ
ֹǸо˾ԵĿ⣬Ҳӿԡ˶ӣЦЦҶԾԵ˵ͷ
ͬͷӦ
գҲӺ׿У֪ڹһЩ顣ʧ֮ǰǿԣûʲô¡ҪȻʥҲǧ֮á
λȥˣǹ˹֡
˶΢Цͷ
Ӱһһ̣ڹ㳡Ȧĸ̨֮ϡ
Ŀ⣬ܣȦļǧʦȦĳʮߡ
ңԣ
ʥʥʮ
Ի͵գҲңֻԻ͵һ۵ᡣ
Ҫлλлλĵ
Եڹ㳡ϿջصšУһεѹҵ˲Ϣȫѹȥ
һЩʵСߣܸоԼĵףԾһ˿η
ԵҾ㻹˵ôϻ۵ģ㻹ǿɣ
Ȧ֮Уһ̶
ͺסѼӣ쳣ȫߣ
ҲˣƤڣȥΪݣĿ˸žԡ
ǺǣһʮëͷСӣܽʲôһУװˣЦߵһӣЦ˵
λô˵˼ҾԵٰģ۵ᡣǶԾԵ˵ģǲȫָȻڳͬȷĵԱһɫĵʦЦЦ˵
Ŀˡ
ˣȻһġĴӣڵϿ³ɾͲ͡
ԵȻҲ˾ԲԼ۵ģ˳żʲô
ߣʲô۵ᣡ̩ҪǸ֮ĳӵʦ̩мƲƲ˵
̩
̩ʦҵĶʦ̩
ۣ̩ʦȻҲˣ˵̩ʦԪ½ϣӽĵʦ֮һ
ȦȦȻ̩֮Ȼ


724 
̩˿û٣˵̩ģȴ
ңԪ½ǿĵ֮һȵһңҲû١
̩ҵĵš̩Ͳ󣬵ڲٶȴ죬̶ʱ䣬ͳΪ˼ʦڣҲڲɫĵʦ֮һ
ҲΪͲ󣬾˳ɾͣڴ½ϣ˶Ϊ̩ӽĵʦ̩֮꣬ضܳΪ
ҵϱҲͬĿҵһЩ߲㣬̩͸עҵȻϣ̩ΪΪһҵĵһҵλͱض
̩޾Ŀдŵ⡣
һתֿԣĿζ
̩Ҳ̩һ֣¶΢Цݡ
֣Ҳһ˵½֪ĵʦԼȫ֪
ڵľԣɲǳé®ĳ˵ξٰ۵ᣬǲ˽һЩ֪ĵʦôУ
Ȼ̩֮ȫᱻԿǻΪԶ֡ԣ֪ǵĴڣǵһ˽⡣ƿ۵кô
̩ˣԶ֪˭ֻӿЦ
Ͼҵ̩Ԫ½ϣǿĵʦ֮һԹϵĽ
˭֪̩ǾͻԵЩ֪ˡ
̩֣㵨̫ˣݵʦɴ۾̩
ҵӴôˣ̩ۿݵʦ
ǺǣʥǡԵʦʥĵ˵ﾰԵʦͲ¾ʥǣݵʦ˵
û̩֣ļ壬ȻǴ½ϵĵңӰ󡣵ˣʥﾰԵļ壬ס㡣ɫ۵ĵʦҲҡͷ˵
ˣԾһģһһͣҲûƾԣþԲܶǿ
ߣ̩治µƿС
Ǻ£ͲӦŪ۵ᣡ
һëͷСӰˣҲٰ۵᣿ǹ֪ġңҲûʲô۵ᡣҪǵٰ۵ᣬ״֣̩϶ԣƾʲô̩Ŀһȵ
ⷬǰ̧һºס˵ٰ۵ָģȻǺס
ͺԿԿҲǲ˺ġ
ǣ⻰жԾԵļ̤ͱͣ͸ˡ
ʱȦĳ
׳ϣԿͨĽɫҲֵùżʦ𣿡ͯԽڹ׵ߣ˵
ͯԽǧССӡСէȥƺ޺ӣҲΪˣҹżҲг˴ѹ˵
𣿵С˼ұȴһƨҷŵӡߣֱӾһƽСˡͯԽٺ١һЦ˵
ǾԣǲͯԽȡͯԽǰ½ʥǰҪ˱ᡣǾԲһˣȻһЩ̣ҲҧˣͯԽ϶ԶԶȵġһͯԽƨ˵
ⷬάĻͯԽȻͶѿ
׳⻰ϲͯԽԴͷЦ
̩˽֮У˽ԽԽʢ
̫ᣬкܶ˲ڱ̩ôһǿƵļң˲ҲԾԲӵ
Ȧ֮УЩʦҲвٿʼüžԣţѵJǹͷпã
һʱʢٵĪҲǿʣ˵ٵĴڣȴǾƵģ
ٵʦҲʼԼһαμӻԻ͵۵ᣬǲˡ
ûʵѧֻǻȡ֮μ۵ᣬϾûʲô壬ֻ˷Լʱ䡣
ˣеʦʼҡͷˡ
ʦУһϮɫ۵Ĺȴޱ飬һжȤһ㡣
УҲ룬Ҫ棬żҾܵõĿģһ۵ˡһһ۵ᱻˣǾٴξٰ۵ᣬѶȾͲһĴˣܿԺԶ޻ٰ۵ᡣ
̩ʦ
ʱ򣬾΢Цſˡ
ʱԵĵףȻǺܷŭġŭҪԸ̩Ǻܼ򵥣һĻȥֻе۷Ϊ̩Խһû
Բô
۵ֳҪԸ̩ҲõѹǿѹȡþЧ


725 ۵
ԵȴмǿĴ͸
ȻӻңȦȦÿһˣԵ
ʵߣԴ˻ûرʶЩʾߣȴǵһʱףϵĳɾͣǼߵġ
˵һɱż̫ϳϹīܿģԻʵ
ԣȷʵǷͬһ㣬ܳΪʥûеģ
̩ȻΪû۵ᣬΪǰμӱ۵᣿ϸʵ
ԵĻ£ڳˣ̩ġ
ǰ㿴ϻԻ͵Ͼֵ۵ᣬֺαرμ۵᣿ѵ㵽ΪԼ
ߣ̩һߡ
μ۵ᣬȻĵ̩ɨ˾һۡ
λĿһתȦڶ൤ʦ֮ǰѾ˵ˣҾҪҴԵĳҲϣǱɱ˫ۡھͿ˵ԣڵϸûʲôȰǣ羡뿪ʡðװ˷ʱ䡣
̩Ȼ˵ǣⷬ˵ôȻΪʦá
Ǻã㣬ƾʲô˵ڵûʲô۾ѵΪ᣿ԭźҵĵ˽⣬ֻƾҵͣĵ˵ûǲǿΪǹң
Ե࣬ĿҲǷһ˿ײɱ⡣
̩ʱЩ
⣬ûǰôش
Ի͵۵ᣬǼİţĿľǸҡҰżҴЭ飬Ҫżңƻһε۵ᡣ
ԾΣ̩治Ǻ̩Ҳȷʵû̫Կʵ̫ˣ̩žڵ̫裬Ҫ˵ӽĵʦȡ
ھԵĴԣ̩ΪǶǹ⳴йءк֧֣ԻܺŪٲˡ
̩ӦҲǼ죬Ȼû׼λشһʱЩԥ
ܿͻָ糣Ц˵ԣΪ֮ǰûж˽𣿡
棡
û㹻֤ݣһ˵ڵϲУ̩ƾ˵;¶۵ˣ
˵տƾǰɣãֳһȣⲻ۵Ǿһ۵㲻˵ԼǴ𣿴ǿ϶ǱǿӦǲܾ۵ɣ̩һת˵
Ҳǰͼƻõģ
̩뾰۵ԼȻ޴棬һ۵ᣬҲֻһЦ
ΪԷһ׼˺֡
Ǿݵʦͺµʦ̩İ֡ˣҲǰ˼ʦڵϳɾͼߡͣ˶Զ̩ڵϣȴǱ̩Ҫǿһ
̩Ŀ⿴žԡ
ԣ
۵ᣬȻ̩ʦһ۵ûоܾĵûκԥЦ˵
̩Ե΢΢һ㶡
Ծܾ۵ͿԽ;ԡͬ۵Ϳͨ۵Ե֤ڵϲС
ֻǣû뵽ԴӦôʹ졣Ӧ麦£Ӧ¶ԥıŶԡ
̩ʦ˵һ˵֮䣬αԵǿˣغ͹㶨̩УЦ˵
ڳڶߺ͵ʦԵĻҲ΢΢һ㶡
ԻĴȡ
̩۵ȴ̩ȻǶ̩ž޴ơ
ѵ޿֣ųţΪԼڵԶ̩أ
ˣ΢΢˷ǹڶߣǱǵʦ˱ǿֵġڵ֣ȻȹĽҪʵöࡣ
ԣȻô˵ˣҾԸ
ԣһȱ浤ÿóһŵҩöԷ˵ҩ֡˫Ի߶ƽ֡һԣǴԵʤһ̩ЦЦ˵
һԵĹ򣬾ԶԾԲ
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ΪԲʮ꣬ĵҩô˼İ˼ʦȣο̩ǵҵĳԱǴ½еĵҩ̩ϲĵҩԼ١
̩һԵĹһ˵ܶ˶΢̩ƷҡͷΪǣҲ̩ܿաԼƣԾԵơ
ܴӦ
˶ԡΪȻ̩Ƚգ濴ҲԹƽġ
ԣͰ̩ʦ˵Ϊ׼ôڶĹأԵͷЦЦ̩˵
һԹ˵ڶĹ򣡡̩Ŀоһ


726 Ь
̩аϲԼѾʤȯˡ
ʱԼǹڱˡӦһʤֱӽԲڽ£ݺݵһ
ֻǣڼھͱµġˣɣӮһ˵
˵ҲһĺôԸȫĴԡһʤ˻ΪдءԶˣ˭ΪԵʧɣ
ǾԱĺףҲֻܹԹԱ졣
У̩ʦ˵㡣԰۾ȫȻı顣
峤Եô̩ΪأҪ۵ԣҲþԵɣȦƼһϣЩ˵
Ƽ峤ƼҶλϣҲֳ
λƼҳϣȻҲǾþǳԿġΪԵȻٵĵҩƳڱ浤֮ϣ϶
˭֪һ˵ԽʶԽ㡣ڵϾǣʹĵʦĵҩԾͻԽࡣһĵʦҲˣ̩ǵҵİ˼ʦ
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Եѧˣ϶аգŻӦġƼ峤ֻôͣ˵ǰοԼ
λƼҳϣ˵ͷĿⶼھϡ
ԣ̫ˣô׾ͱϵˣһڣһߣЦ˵һ䡣
ˣҲһҵĳԱ
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˵û⾰ԣǰֵôһЩȴ̫żˡһʼͲӦ̩Ǽһﶨ򡣡һҵĸ߲Ҳ
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л⻰ȴǣ¶һ΢Цݣ۾ҲһЩ
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峤ԣʱ洺磬ǷˣȻҲ˵ʲôԵĻ̩ȷʵǹϵģл˵ԼԳ̩
ϷΪ۵̩뾰ԵȣЬ䣡лȻһ䣬һ˿˵
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峤ɫҲ΢΢һףĿ¶һŭǽŭԷǵһҵ棬ǵʾߡлԣǾԲǵѡ
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ãǾͿ̩۵峤Ťͷ󣬲ƲƲ죬лΪ̩вҵĵλŻڮ̩
еĲãڳˣܸоó
ˣҲƣΪл˵Ļң뾰ì棬Ϊ̧߾ԣ
Ȧ֮У
ԣ׼𣿡̩Цſԣʵ
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ৣ
ָ̩һ˱ǿϷһŵҩͻȻ֡һԪĹ֮£ǳɫҩŵ̩ͷλãҩֹͣ
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֪Ȼ̩óþԱϣⵤҩ϶Ѱ
ţҲ֪ܱܲϳƣѰ
Χ۵ˣŵҩ˽ʱû˺ܴ˵
ԵĿ⣬Ҳ̩ͷǳɫҩ֮ϡ


727 Ȋ㵤
ǳɫҩֿȥ޲֮һЩͼҩû޹Ҳûǿҵ
ӱϿȷʵ޷ֱǺֵҩ
½ϵҩ಻֪൤ҩڱϿ޼ɫСķ棬޷ȷ
Ȼ񵤲쵤ƣȷʵ̫ᣬӳһ̲ͣҲܽ½еҩһ顣
½ϣҩȷʵۼ
һ㣬̩˵뷨ȷġ
ǣȴ޷֪յǬжô뺷
ԣɲܹʱ䡣ŵҩıϣֻյʱ䡣ͬóĵҩҲͬıʱ䡣̩¾ҽӣȿڲ˹
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ֱһӣһԪӿ̩ͷǳɫҩȥ
Ǭķͬʱת
Ȋ㵤
һֶԾżҩʴꡣ
˲䣬ŵҩϢӿ뾰ԵԺ
żðԵĶԣȻʴߵꡣǲС˴˶߿ת
Ҳ֪̩ǴʲôطõĶȊ㵤
Ǭ̺ϢжȊ㵤ĵ˵Ԫ½ӦѾʧҲ˵Ƴֵҩ
̩óŶȊ㵤ӦĳһطɺϵõģƳͬʦƳֵҩԣҲǼ͡ǵõҲƳȊ㵤ϾǼûд
Ԫ½ϣȷʵжϳȊ㵤Ҳѹ֣̩Լóĵҩ˵š
ŶȊ㵤ȷʵңһϹŶڵõģһ͵õţһֱұ֮СһΪ˶ԸԣרŽȊ㵤ȡ̩ĿľΪΪѾԡ
˿ǲʶȊ㵤˵ԣǴףҲδʶȊ㵤
Ҳ㵤ʦʲô伮֮мȊ㵤ΪϤڶʱڱϳѶȿ֪
Ϊ˱ܣڲҲֻĸ֪ڶȊ㵤Ϣ
̩ߵĺݵʦͺµʦ֪̩ͬеĵҩʲô̩֡û˵Ȋ㵤
峤̩ŵǺֵҩһҵĳϣĿѯʡ
ФƺһЩͬҲ˵вͬԱһҡҡͷ˵
ФǺǣ̩ôФþԱϣ峤Цһ
ĿһתлǰӦϳ̩еĵҩ˰ɣ
峤Ȼǹģ֮ǰл̩峤ڷˡ
峤С˼ɣϷʶĵҩȥˣֲһ֡лû˿ΪѵĸоֱӾƲ峤һ˵
лһ䣬峤¶һ˿Ρ
ǰ˵Ҳǣ峤ܿ˵ǾԣҲϳֵҩһԣɣ
Ҳδذɣ㾰Ե޷̩óĵҩ̩ҲһܱϳԵóĵҩһλϲ˵
ǺǣǾĿԴ峤ЦЦɨ˵ҳһۡ
ʱȦȦ̸˶ˡн̸Ҳ͡
ҵעԺ̩׷ײ²⣬ܷϳ̩óǳɫҩ
Ȼˣþǲ̫ܱϳŵҩģǵʦǡ
ڳĵʦǣΪԵҩ˽⣬Ըף̩óŵҩѰһĶ
̩ʦŵҩټԿˡ
Ȋ㵤ĵ֪Ȼ̩˵յʱ䣬Ҳʱ䡣Ը̩ôһСɫֱѹȥǡ
ߣȻټԣҪǱϲ͸ɴһ㡣̩̬߰˵
̩ʦҪżʼ΢Цŵҩһ־żҩ
ָһ̩ͷϷǳɫҩ
⻰̩ͫȻһ
𣿡̩Ӧ죬΢𾪺Ͼͻָ糣þ̽
ѾϳеҩˣǾͼ˵ɡ˵ҩƷǿɲϳҩˡ̩ߴ˵
žżҩһֶԼ
һΣ̩ľˡ
ܲ³żҩ˵Ǿò¶ˡԣȻ˵ԼеĵҩǶɲǼܽ͵ġ
ڵϣһЩͰȻܸݵҩϢԣֱǶ
̩г˻ҵ΢΢˿ӣĶžԡ
ڳˣ˵̩еҩǾż̩ȻûзҲ΢΢һĵѵŵҩǾż
ôܣô֪̩ŵǾżģ峤Ծĵͺһ


728 ϲˣ
ŵҩֽжȊ㵤Ϊżҩңڼʱʴꡣʾ֮ʳɡǵʾʳҲָܻܵ˺
̩Щʧ֮ʱѾ˵
Բ˵˵ҩ֣Ȋ㵤ĹЧΣ˵ú
㡭̩ȻѹЩȻžԡ
һʱ䣬ͷԺת
ϣ벻еĵҩǶȊ㵤ǡ
ǹˣҡʸڷϣȴ֤ʵ˵ҩ֣ǶļӰ죬Գܵġ
ԣҷϡ
ô֪ģ̩һɫ࣬ĿĶžԣʡ
ԭΪԼȼ֪Ȋ㵤Ϣȴû뵽ֻڼ̵ʱڣͱϳ˵ҩ˵յʱ䣬Ź˼ʱѡ
̩仰һ˵ڳ˾Ȼף˵ǶԵġԣĽ̩ĵҩ˳
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ǴʱЩѾЩˣ볷Ȼʵ̩Ƿֻ˾ã̩ң˾Բ˱ܵġ
ҶҪӲͷƤȥ
ҵˣдһ˿Ц֮⿴ˡǣֵÿҳܡ
뾰ԹϵΪ׽ˣɳһ¶ܵı顣мλ鲻ԽˬʵЦ
ʥĵ˵뾰ڹϵе뾰Թϵһ㣬ҲǺƾλ
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յʱ䣬̩ʦҪϳŵҩԵĻ̩Ķ֮С
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ʲôҩ̩žǰĵҩҲԪסҩܵҩϢ
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ĵҩȫһ飬̩ķ֣ԼƺδֵҩⵤҩƵģȻв٣ʱ޷ȷܸܲʮ˸ְɣ
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Χ۵ߣЩͷˡ
˼ҾԵʱ䣬ͱϳ˶Ȋ㵤̩ȴǳٳٸ𰸡߸£ƺѾˡ
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һ亰ȴ·һӣһʱӵĽߴǵصĴ
̩ϣˮʼ˳
ԱʹɫǣͬĿãȻȻҲȷóĵҩࡣ
յʱ䣬
̩ʦ˵Ĵ𰸰ɣԵٴνȫѹȥ
̩ô˴ơԵˣҽ߿̩ʱ򣬵ȻҲףԵλ֣һҲﲻæˡ
̩һ䡣
Щˣ֪Ͳμһ۵ᣬƾԡ
棬ǶˣȻ˵۵̩ԽԽûеʣµҲûκġ
Ӧǻʱ䵽ˣֻ̩ӲͷƤ˵һ־żҩ֡
˵Ļϣȷʵ뾰óĵҩơ
һֺ̩ĶžԣһҪ¶ԣһҪ¶԰
̩ʦϲ㣡Ц
̩жʱһϲϴ¸Ц⣬۾Ҳ
ϲˣŵҩǾżҩԻһת


729 ˰
̩ǰһڣһͷԵ
˵ϲ㡯ʱ̩ǿϲģ̵ţҲ¶ܲ¶ԣʵ
ɾԽŵһ仰һûһѣĸоϵЦݣҲ֮ס
̲סŭ𣬴ˣ㹧ϲƨ
̩˷ۣݺݵĶžԡ
ܵȺ򱬳һƬЦȻΧ۵ҲþԵĻȤ
ˮĺЦ̩ɫ
ԣȻ˵ŵҩǾżҩң⵽Ǻε̩ϸԼҪ侲
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ⲻܣ
ôڵ̩Űۡ
Բδڵ̩Ŀ⣬ĶڵһһȴԽԽΪ֣óҩƺڵ
̩Ƕİ˼ʦȻ֪ܲڵ뵱ڵͼʦεʱƹڵ֪ж١
ڵǺͨһҩֵҩڵͼкܻӭǸոս쾳ðߣǽʱ򣬶ٶᴢһЩڵϡ
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˵ĵʦˣͨ龳ߣҲʹڵֵͶ˵ĵҩ
Ի͵ģǵʦͨߣǱȽǿġڵֵͼҩѾѽǵߡ
ˣ̩һ޷뵽ԾȻóһͨĵͼڵ˼ʦ̩ϡ
Ϊ벻Բг䲻Ч
ȻΪ̩Ի΢̩Ӱж
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ϸȷŵҩ̩϶ġһҩڵϲԺ
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һҩǺױϵģڵǳĵҩͲҪʲô
̩ڵֱ󿪣ͿԸױϳҩԡ
ȷʵڵ
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ǰϵҩĵʦ׷׿˵
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ղóĶȊ㵤ֻüʱ䣬׼ȷıϳһԱȣ»ö˵
ܵߣѾвٷЦ
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˵ʵϿûʲô֮ǰ˵ԵûǿЦںˣڵϲ
۰˼վҾԵ鷳ǲ֪ôģôġ

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Ȧ峤ˣ޲ȥ
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̩ʦһˣѾˡô棬˵һµڶĹɡԼ̩һֱվԭزЦųԴߴһ䡣
ʱ̩ļǱģȫʧȥġ̩վҲǼ˼ʦûб׵Ļ塣ڶݵĵ̩ǿԼ侲
ʼǰָļƻ˵ڶ۵Ĺ
ڶǽⵤ˫ֱóһŵҩöԷֵҩϡ
ԭļƻ̩ǼʹöȊ㵤þԽġǰǾԲܱϳֵҩھԿپ˵˵ҩֺԣ̩ҼʹöȊ㵤
׼ϲֹһֺľżҩڵڶóڶ־żҩ
һҲóһ־żҩٵ
Ѿע˵ģڶ̩֮ܡɾͽ̩óľżҩ̩ȴٵĲϡ
ȻҲͲҪˣ̩ܰһ֣ǻ䡣


730 Ǳ뿪
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֪ǳ׵ıˡңԪˣҲ֪òָܻ
̩һѡĻᣬμ۵ᣬҲһƾԡ֮һǼİţһҲһʥԣԼ
ǣҲ벻ǣԾȻǴɲ⡣
Ȧĵʦǣ򶼱óһλԽĻжѵãÿһ˶
Щʦпд֮ǰûԾԱ̫ϣڣ֪ԼһμӻԻ͵۵ᣬˡǲǿɾʹʧһѵõĻᣬ»ں
ȦΧߣһҲ΢뷨ǴĻǴйٵЧкܴˣЧ÷ҪǿöĵҩھС
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ԵȷʵˡڵϵҵԤϡ̩òԼ֮ǰ˵ĻǴģȻϡ
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һô˵棬һ˼ʦڮ٣ҪǻȻ⣬ñô룿
̩ɫһס
ԵΪ֮ǰǸ̩òԼ߰ͷ­
ڵϣͲ¾ԱǱض˿ࡣڣڵϣȫѹǲһ϶޷ˡ
ͺñȥսս˼һһк˵Ҳǿ¶Էսˣսҵĵʦһսƨ
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һǸ޷ġԵͳ˵̩ʦĿģң֪
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Եʲô˼ʲôϵݵʦͺµʦԵĻʱ
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ԵҪԶһۣǲ̫ˣ̩ȻԸԶһۣ߰
ϸˣҲظ˵ĻҲϣ˷ҵʱ䡣Լ֣ҾͻǶ֡Դɨ
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󣬾˲䵯ָ緢̶Х

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㲻ĻʮֵĿЦڴ֮ǰңҲûжԹɣôģҾٰ۵ãü嵤ʦҵ鷳ȻҡĪǣҾ;Լʥܺ۸𣿡
ڣȰøϽ˹һ治֤ܻ뿪ʥǡЦ˵
㡭㡭ãܺã峤ŭ
ŭŭɲҶ̩֡Ҳǵ۷徳Ϊھǰûκλ֮Ƕ֣³±̩˻Ҫҡ
ҲԿɲŻȥܶ֡żҵ̫ϳϹīɱôɱһ峤ƺҲ̫ѹҽ죬ȷʵԼ㶯ɱǣ½ϵˣҲΪǾԵĴ
峤ѹеŭˣǱ뿪Ի͵


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ΪͬҲõ˹żҵ磬żŵĺôЩҶ⶯ġΪԵȷʵ̫ߣʥŪþͻ⣬Ͷ۵ῴ˵
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ʦԽ˶¶ͷɫڳĵʦҲмʦǶԵⶼԣΪǶһ١
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Ǹ߼ʦͬкܴջ
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Ȧ֮УвٵʦѾġûмĵʦȫԾԼδԻ͵Ȼž޴ôġ
ˣ;ԺԻ͵ԺкܶᣬԵ
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̫ǫˡҪ˵̣ҲӦŶԡŹ
⻰һ˵һЩˣ΢΢һ
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ˣԼ˵֪кָ̣
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Ǻǣܾûڴ½ˣһҲžԵ֣ųһ⼸գ˾ԵĽ࣬бΪڴ̲ס뾰Եڵдһ˵⣬ƣȴһ̣Ȼ
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732 
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˵㾰Ե˹ֹҲԻ͵ٰ۵ϣôһתۣ¶仹źܴӰ졣
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׳ϣһιż棬ǷҲõ˰ɣһԵͯԽ˸˵
ǰҪȻôϰǹżҶԸԣ
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ľӦòþԽǿǶǼԣѣͻȻ֮䣬Ŀһ͸żζ
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һӦͬϡ˶ãԿܻܾܾҲʲô˵顣˵ԣǺ׾ܾս˿Ҳġ
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ٵĵԳΪ޼֮󣬻˵Ҳ֪óĶעܷﵽԵҪϵƷԵѡöָֽڣӵеĻмֵƷ档
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ҪԻ͵ҲǾõļƻʱ⡣
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ȷʵǷ¹żһ顣ٶǰԨҪѰһݣһȴգżǿȡ
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ʼʱ򣬹Ҳز۵뷨ġ̩뾰ԵĽùָı뷨Խ󣬹ֹԾԵĵҲĵмƳ硣


733 
Ϊˣŵȵʱվ
ٵĶעһԼҲ뿴һٵͬʮֺ档ԪҲˡһ棬Ǵٵĵ׻żҵ顣
Ȼ˾ԣҲһżǷżҪֶԸԣˣһᾡҲΣżҲ˵ʲô
žԣ絶̰㲼ºۼϣŵ΢Ц
ܿԼǰһףǾԸµסǣƺֲòȥ
ˣ͵üԻ͵ΪЧ
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ܽԻ͵Ԫ½ĵң˵ԼС
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֪޷ƴ˵ս֮ǰֵҩǷǳģ½ϹŶżڣֵҩڡԾܶߣҲֵ֪ҩ
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λͶƱɣ


734 
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736 ˿
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һγأٴοϣȻϣȻǼΪãֻҪ֮һĻᣬϴ
ʾߣԪǧꡣһʥԪɾǱըԵͻơ
һЩϹŵ伮мصϢ˵ʥߣԪӽޡ꣬ϡƽġ
ЩУл֮һ
ڵṳ̂ʥǣеҪΪԾԵڵ϶ָһǲǣҲϣΪ


737 
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Ц
мļ롣ҴԻ͵ӭ㡣ЦŶԹ
йǻԻ͵̩ɽԼ뿪ҲҪٵʲô


738 ŭĹȫ
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ɫѾףһ˫ɭȻ˫֮У׺ݵľ
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򣬾Ȼ˻Ի͵ΪԵı۰

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ոմϢĹżҳδϣǴźϢȥġڣȴҪһϢȥƺѾˣȫŭӡ
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䴦ڷŭ֮УȻܱͷ
棬ܷһٵĴԣꡭ˵⣬Žͣסˣû˵ȥ
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ңͯԽʵǿƥʥ綼û취õĽǣͯԽ뾰ԹͨУ⣬ͯԽŭָɱԡ
Ի͵ɲʥңʥҲڻԻ͵ڡȻЩʥڣͯԽڶʱɱԣȻԴȥŽķ˵
żҲֱͯԽŪԡ
ǣżҲ޷ͯԽһΣżֻͯԽæΪҲ޴ۡɱɱԣǾͲǹżܷԸͯԽˡ
ŽˣҲ˽ͯԽԸǿɱ˲գ۵ħͷһһеĴħͷ
ڹŽͯԽܻܿԾ֣Ǿ̬ȹһ仰˵òԣͿͯԽɱ
˵ûͯԽɱԣȷʵõĽȫ۾𣬿ŹŽ˵ãͯԽ뾰ֱӳͻĻж󣿡


739 Ķһ
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ԣûеȴӼ۵ˣֱӾ;˳ɽ
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ԵڵϣһεõʮöԪЩҲõòˡԵԪҲȽҪ֪ԪɲĲϣһЩżҩҲҪõԪġ
ʮöԪһŵҩ˻䣬̾Щ̧ۡ
ߣҳʮһöԪȿڵˣһɨԼĵʾһ˵


740 ҵľ
ԪԪ½ҲԨӦûҵһЩġ
СϺ㣬ײԨҵʮöԪ˵кܴɷ֣ҲԿԪԨصġ
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ԣʱڻԻ͵ڵĵʾߣвˣ϶еԪ
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˵ǧݣȷʵҲǷǳľżݡݣԪ½Ҳ֣һ۸ǧʯ֮ϡ
ʮǧݶһĿǱȽļ۸񡣲ϡΪôЩļȴ࣬ҪʮǧݶһʮȻЩ̫ܡ
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741 ׵ĳ
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˵ʱ򣬾Թͷ֮͸Ҫڵĵʾߣһ˿ϸ΢Ӱ졣


742 ⶯
ԵϢεġ
ڳߣǵʾǿߣ޷ʾǿ߻ܸ֪Ե꣬ȴ֪Ϊû
ճ˵߲Ҫ̤ʥſԡ
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Ե˵Ҵ˴μֵ۵ᣬҪΪ˵ҩõٵڵܶһٵϣãûôĲϡ߻˵š
һֵһٵܵõڵҲáҸղţҲûùڳͬڵһϣһŶûԸоܾɥ֪Եûиڵ棬УԵóһ֡
ߵӦúܴ󡣵ΪӦֻеʾڡĲԶЩʾں۷ǿߣ޷ȡ
ڵ˶һˣЩżԲվѯʾԡ
΢һ¡
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Ѿóһϡ
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ߣȻֻǵʾھ磬ϾǵʾԻ͵ԵʾߣǳŵġǵʾǵߣͨԻ͵ı飬һԼԻ͵
ԵĻ΢΢һû˵ʲôӦڿǡ
ɢ޵ݣȻѡ߲Ի͵ֻҪԼͺáǣɹˣһԻ͵Ļ᲻ᱻɣ
ɢޣɶñȽءЩϲ˵ԸĵʾߣҲѡһЩ룬һĳЩεĵط
ԼԷɣҲܲ³Է˼΢΢һЦ˵Ի͵Ҳɡң˻Ի͵ǲ⣬Ҳ뿪ҾԲǿ
⻰кߵĵףʱһɡ
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żԵ߷һЦ˵
Զ˵ˣԻ͵кܴõڵңԻ͵ҲɣҪ뿪Ի͵Ҳ⡣
Ҫʲô
˵ӾԵ۵ֿҲһλؽˣôֳļСˡ
ǱȹҪǿĵʦԻ͵ԣɢ޵ʣܼԻ͵ӦҲһ¡ҩĻϣΪһЩ


743 
ڳĵʾߣڼԻ͵⶯ģԲֻ뾰Ըոս̸ĺߡ
óʮ˿ڵ̫ˣɹᵽģϾˡʾߣûܳɹڵС
֪ԼѡԻ͵ͻлõƷڵĶҲ
ʱ򣬾ɤӡ
ҪóĵҩλҲ˵ˡûٵҲǽҪһһֵҩ
ٵ
һƷʣƷʡΪֵҩǰԪ½ֹһĹЧ
΢ЦĿ⻷ȫʱ㳡һĿ⿴žȡƿϸž˵
һƷʵٵϡƷʵٵİϡңٵá
ڴӦٵ÷ЧƵĵҩҪ÷ǿöࡣ˵š
Եٵ֮ǰѾ˽ˣϽǳ۾İɣһʾߣȵòͷˣվϾԵĻ
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ʵϣԵҪߴҡ
żҵսǱȻġңһս֮Уżң˵ĿǰҲ޷Ԥϡԣɲٵ䵽ߴС
⻰һ˵ɢ޵ʾߣ¶ϲɫ
˼ᣬǻٵĿԾͻӴ
ɢ޵෴ģЩҳԱˣǵһһɭȫԡ
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ǣȻǹһҩΪβЩ룿ҵˣһεǼΪֳ֧̼ߡ
ԵȻ㣬ĻǺİɢ޵ʾҪٵѵЩ˾ͲҪ𣿡һĳԱվ

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ͯԽ˰ɣǾ֪һʹթǰ뵽ˣͯԽæ׵ԵͯԽ˵
ͯԽҲǵ˵ͷ׳ϣİɣٵ飬Ҿͺã
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ͯԽʲôˣ
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ҪͯԽһʮ˵ͷǲЦ
ȻͯԽھһЦ
ͯԽû˼ֻţٵ̫ҪˣͯԽһ£ȵõٵ֮һж˵æһ䡣
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ʥ£㱳ٴ󣬹ƽҲǲܵġߵӢҲЦ˵
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ﾰԵߣˣȭͷһӦ˭վҿֱӷһ˫ӣ׺ݵɨߴҵˡ


744 ԵͯԽ
ڵ֮ЩĳԱҲò͡
ʥǣҰĵط
ĿеԹߣŨ
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һ۵ģͬźɫ֣ϢӦǵʾ۷ߡ
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һҩĿǰΪֹԻûеõƽ𻨡ƽ𻨣ͬһ־żϣǳϡС
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ԣЦŵ˵ͷͬʱͷת
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߱Լļ۸һʱ䣬û˼ϼӼۡ
óŵƽ𻨼ֵƷˣԲࡣԸóֵƷһٵߣ͸ˡ

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ȫĿ⣬ʱɨȥҲͬˡ
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Ŀ֮£ֱӿ粽һ˾ǰԶ
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ͯԽĶĿһ˿ϲ⣬ڵŵһ̣ڵˡ
ͯԽ˿ǰյƿתĿ綾һ㻷ȫ
ٵϷҪˣ
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ͯԽⷬ˶ŭһŭͯԽ
ͯԽЩĿ⣬˿ûӣ̬Ȼ⡣
СӣŵҩһϷɣ
ȻϷҲԿ㲻ҪĲϷһЩͯԽԣЦ
飬·ԵٵѾΪ֮һ㡣
ԵĿ⣬ͯԽϣҲǸоЦ˵ʾ۷Ϊ٣Σ
ʵմû̱Ūݣһֱڹż̫ϳϹ࣬㲻ǹżˣҲһżŷͬһĹϵ


745 
ܶԷʲôݣԶûнٵһԷĴ㡣
Ϊˣ㲻ǹżˣҲһżѲ˸ϵοŵ̬ȣҲþԴĵ׷С
ͯԽĶڳҵĳԱһһЩˣĿֵЦ⣬ǵ񶼺ޡϾǲδõٵлһ˿ϣ
ԸղҲ˵ˣȹһ˻һҩ뾰˺ǵõٵĿԾˡ
ֵ֮ÿ֣ȴֲ뾰˺ڵõٵ֮ǰǲ롣
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ͯԽֱٵĴ㣬ҲûоԵİգʱеĿ
Ϸʲôˣ㾰СӲҪ֪
Ҳϲ˵ϻٵϷҪһһЩϣ°ɣϷҲԴСǲռˣԿͯԽֱһӣһžԷȥ
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С㣬Ϣǳ£ҿǵʾھǵʾ۷壬ܵģ

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ǶûϳͯԽǲٵʾߣȴܸӦͯԽϵϢǳΣաԣǵǲҴЦİǿߣ
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СӣϷû㿪Ц
ЩϣûˡԹҶһǽԴϲҵõٵͻ뿪һھܾϷ򣡡ͯԽžԡ
ͯԽȫԪҲ΢΢תһѹžȥ
ԾһֱͯԽ
ʲôԾҿ˾⣬ʥǾвԵߣҲ֪żңǴ˵ɻЦ˵
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Ҳо˵ϢЩϤ𣿡תĿ
ǶôϤҲָоѵʲôطˣĵü˵
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ȻǵʾΪΪʥʱ磬ĵҪһЩ
ţǿ϶Ǽˡ֮ԻòİǿǡˣǼǶŵ۾
˵Ļߵ˵ȼλҲЦݣɫ
ѵˣбҸͲʥߵӢüɼߴҵ棬Ҳֵɣ
ţȷʵ̫˵עһЩǣ˶ֵĻǵһʱﾰԵѹƬ̺˵
Ȼò̫Ծһ룬ԼһôˣҪһʾ۷ߣ
ǾλУǵʾ۷ΪټϾԵȵʾ۷ս͵߸ʾ۷ǿߡ
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ˣˣҲʥǣǸͲ˵ҡΨһҪĵǣ˻صİ֣˺ܿżʲô˵Ĺ
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ߣԴûȥɣóϼֵƷҲὫٵһ㡣Ҳһףָֽ׸ͯԽ
һֱڿųеˣ仰ٿԵĶжʱϲ


746 
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һڣϼĳԱҲǹ߲ǶԼƶджϡԣǶԸԼв
ͯԽɱԣǹżҵвɨˡ
ǶЩȲҪͯԽˣ
ͯԽȻҲŭ
ĿһȫתԪȻü١ƣһը׺ݵѹԡ
ֱһᣬȽʢٵƿ뵽ǬС磬Ԫӿռڵѹȫ
СӣʵֲøͯԽǰͯԽһŭЦоԵԪǳ񡣲Ҳû⣬֮ǰż˶˵ԵΪǿ
ͯԽݡʱʢŭ֮£Ѿܲôˡ
֮ҪݣҪǲ뱻ʥ֪ϾǩЭ顣һʥ£֪һŭ׷ɱ
ͯԽԼΪŭԱģܽܣ
ŭ֮£ŲܾǵʲôݣֻһͷŪԡ
ȻȻŭȫʧȥǵķ֪ҪɱԱ뾡죬һõϢûлɱԡɱԺȡ߾ԵԴ̾ͻ뿪ʥ
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ʱڳĵʾߣȫһ
ͯԽ
Ƕ֣ԲİЩͱȽϴĵʦߣ֪֡ǰݺ½ĴħͷͯԽ
ͯԽѾܾúܾûڴ½ϹˣͬģвҲΪͯԽѾˡ벻죬ͯԽ֣ҪֻɱԵӡ
ͯԽ֣þв⣬Ҫ˵ۿħͷǰߣʼȥ
ͯԽʵ̫ˡ
ͯԽ벻ͯԽţӦ뵽ġ½ϻʲô˸ţ
Ҫ군ˣԵͯԽʥ˭ֹ
ˣԵʵܵסͯԽȫһ𣿡
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īֻͨʾΪͯԽǰīһָͷס죬ԹǱɣ
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ͯԽȻͯԽһŭȡ
ղŻͯԽϵϢЩϤֻһʱ벻ʥ׷ɱͯԽҲǸʥǰġȼλͬͯԽ
ֻû뵽ͯԽò׸ı䣬ϵϢһı仯ͯԽʹõǶģܸıһĸϢϢı䣬ֻıòǴȻԱϳ
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ͯԽôĵӣҵʥףӰչͬʱһȣžԺͯԽλ÷Ծ
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Ȼλ֮Уλǵʾ۷塣ǣʾ۷ʾ۷ҲǲͬģͯԽĵʾ۷壬ʥǳӽˣѰĵʾ۷ԶԶĶ֡
򣬵ʥΪβܽɱ
ͯԽóٶȣϱʵ׺ƥ綼޿κΣֻһЭ
ͯԽԴ˵ͬʱͷŵܣѾžϯȥ
ѵĿռѺۣչѷֵĵطͷ­ϸĵطҲֱֲۡܣŰѹڳߣȫס
ֻԪ֮УźһӡѾ˾ԵǰΧѹһ˿شʾڵߡ
Դһ֮£ܵΪ
ͯԽ֣Ҳжţ֪ԷʲôˡԲš
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ڣԶͯԽҲһɱ⡣Ѿ㣬ͯԽɱ
ͯԽʩչĹһȭͷ˳ȥȭͷ۵Ӱ֮ϣžĽ⣬ɲ֮䣬·Ը֪ȭͷӰܡ


747 ߣ
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ͯԽɻɤŽַͨʽӰ쵽ͯԽ䲻רĶԾ֡
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ȻֻһУͯԽ˾ͷһУɲ֣Ǵʱڻɱԣʡñ˸šԣȫһ
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ͯԽ˵ͬʱȫߣҲ۾
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ͯԽ㼸ûڴ½Ӧãȥʵʵֵַġ
ڣûлˣɱҲΪ½ˡԶͯԽĮУ͸һȻɱ⡣

ͯԽ䶯һ£ȴû
˵ز˾ǸϿ뿪ΪáԣйŹ֣ͯԽûгУѾ뿪
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ԿԿͯԽɫԣһϸܵȥ룬ʵӦһְЩ밵ٶȼ죬̿ռ䣬ûκ졣
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ߵٶµһͯԽԼͯԽߣЦһ

Ի͵ϿգͻȻһƬһҫĿĹ⻪˸һ


748 ɱ
󼤷
Ի͵⣬ʮ߼󡣲ԲҪȫͯԽߣҲҪõȫĴ
ڳйʮߣлߴˣҲǿȫܡ
ͯԽӰͻȻڿбɬӡ
ô£
󷨣
й󣡡
ͯԽɫʼڣĴ߶Ԫ˫Ʋ˺գҪѳȥ߼֮ڣҪʱѣʥ޿ܣ
ͯԽҲȥˣԷ֮Уɫնɱ
̺ʥ⽣¡
ԣΪϷ㣿ͯԽֹͣ˺ת͵ϯĺɫĳһƣзЪ˹
һĳ֮һɫɫӰԪ߶˸ڡ
ţֻӶ˫ۣҪ˺ѿҪƻֻҪ˺һӣܷɽ˳ȥȻױȵٶѡ

նײڽɫӰ֮ϣͯԽɡ
ڿУͯԽѪĶȻϬȻûܵˡ˵ͯԽȷʵǿ
ҵҪܵҼԹݡ
̤ʾں󣬾ԵԪֱ޾նʮڵԪûٶ١
ɫӰڿʼ˸ڷ֮µͯԽҲӽھԵĹ͹Ĺ֮£ķȻҲֲסˡ
꣡ڣ󷨱˺һӡ
ԭɬͯԽٶȻ
һ󷨣ҲסϷ򣿾С֮ձضʮͯԽ󷨣дϲĿ׹¶ԣ
߾ȫ߶ԪӰ쵽£仰ҪѶȥ
̣ɾٶȸոչͻȻ֮䣬ٴβܿƵĻ
ĵڶ󣬽ٴ
ʲô
ģһ󷨣ͯԽ۾ֱҪһɾӿ
һξûκλӦֻĹ¡

ԣԵһԸԻ͵ͯԽļˣĴּҪ顣һ飬֮֡
ʱеİڣͯԽֻ
Ի͵Ŀ
ԣԸԻ͵ֻҪֹ֪ͣҵʵԪ½ĲΣҰ㣬ԸżҾԻࡣͯԽԾżҵìܣ֪øΪϸǹżæġ
ͯԽⷬ׵ȹżˣûʹȥ
˼Ի͵һԻ͵㡣΢һ¹ӿٵʩչ⹥
ͯԽˣԿɲʹã˵ʲôʱͻᱻҧһڡԣʵٸߣҲԻ͵ˣɱΪɾʡԺ󻹵÷

㡭С֣ϷƴˣڷֵĽɫͯԽ״׺ݵĳԡ
ۡ
ֻǣͯԽķˣԾҲûʲôвһɫӰ׶ͯԽϢѸٵ˥ȥڿйԷƬ̣ŵˤ䡣
Ϊ˷ֹͯԽթֻӳһƣˤڵϵͯԽֱĳޣֻһָֽǼɫ
ǰݺ½ʥ޲ߵĴħͷͯԽ˾ԵС
һսڳйʮԪ½ߣĿ
ǣ͵Ŀžԡ
֮ǰ۵ᣬ֪ǹֹȵĴʱ֪Եսͬ뺷ޱȣͯԽھԵĽ¡Ȼ˵Ҳǽ󷨲նɱͯԽǻһɱͯԽ
ңͯԽ뾰ƴɱҲǾԶ֡˵һײͯԽ·硣
ԴҶһ㣬ԵսԱͯԽҪǿһЩǿ٣Ǿ޷ȷˡǵʾߣҲ˵塣ʾ֮ߣսϡͿģ͸ӲȷԵս׸߳ͯԽΡ
ֻ֪Եʵֲܿ
ˣתĿ˿ߵ
ˣòԵĳɷɻˡɻ۾˵
ԵʵߵӢžԡ
ԵʵǿޱȣҪȻôһжסأ˵ЩӣǸԼʵϵʱֻǵʾڣսȫȡ

ʥʥʥ֮ǰ
ʥʥһ·ٶȼۣʥ֮ǰĽк


749 ʥ
վʥ֮⣬к
ൢһʱ䣬ԵͶһΣաԵǱͯԽնɱԺЩ˭æƵҩ
˵Ϊʥʥ֮ڱɱʥδ棿ʥЩһҲøŶ
ӻԻ͵ٷжһ˿һʱ䶼ҵ
ৣ
һӰٿǰʥ硣
ʵյʥʥѾ֪ˣԵʥǰշкһ͵ǰ
£üϽı顣
ʥˣͯԽˣʱڻԻ͵֮ڡͯԽҪԾԵ֡ü̵Ļ˵Σ
ݲ͡
ʲôͯԽ֣Ҳһ
ͯԽĻ֮һ
ֻΪͯԽ̫թΪٶȼ죬ʥ޷ͯԽ
ǰò˶ΣͯԽǩһЭ顣ͯԽ⼸ҲȷʵʵԪ½¶棬Ҳûʹ顣
û뵽ͯԽȻʥǣƥԽԽˣʥǣȻҲҽ룡
Ŀһһɺ
ߣȥԻ͵ԪһӰʡ
Ҳ󣬲ٶȣԾͱ绹ҪһЩλУٶģȻȲʥ硣
磬ٶޣ
ȷʵΪͯԽʵǳ˽⡣ɱһ˵ͯԽȻҲܻͯԽȴɱͯԽ
ͯԽʵ½ĲΡҪɵͯԽͯԽʥԽʥѹͯԽȻնɱ
ͯԽԾԳ֣ǾΣˡǣеʾ۷սҲͯԽ֡磬ԲϣԪ½ǧɫšңҪԸżңҲҪ
ͯԽ֮УҲ
ಣ
ʥԻ͵ľ룬ԶƬ֮͵ִԻ͵֮Ͽա
ʱԻ͵ڣշǳĹ졣ЩĳԱһսսģ˿û֮ǰİҴ˵
ǹ׵ȹżˣҡ
żҺķѾ˵ĴۣպյͯԽϣͯԽܸɵԡɽȴǣͯԽԵնɱ
ԵʵΪ֮ǿ
ףСųһϮɫ۵ľԣҳףһ̫ϳϵĹīΪλᱻɱˡԹīʾڵΪȥٳҾԵ鷳ǲԼ
Һãǹīȡ׿ûǣʱҲȥٳǵѡ峤֮飬ֻûйīȿڣΪеŭһʱ䡣
ڿʱˣһβǹīȥٳǣôڣ
Уҵ뿪
̫ΣˣǾͻȻҪɱҵͷܶԿ뵽ͯԽնɱ龰ԽԽסˡ
ԼһжܵסƾҲС
ͯԽķԱǿöࡣͯԽʵǿܷܽӵ£ɼȻɱôף϶һжԵסͻᱻնɱ
ߣСߵĹżҳ˵
żҳϣȰ˵뿪ˡǾͺȹϵϣоԼʱܶС뿪Ϊá
׵ˣߡ
ԣȻ˹׵˵Ķ۾ЦЦȴҲû
˵ĵطԲ˳㽫żҵʾǿɱˡڻԻ͵Ǵɱ䣬пܻɱӡ
ɱͯԽΪͯԽȣҲͯԽȶ֡׵ˣһֱûдڹҲҲɱ׵ˡ
ˣֹһ
Ŀ⣬ȫԷ֣˿Լ񣬶ž塣
ЦЦһ֣ʢٵƿٴǰ
λɢ޵ѣܱǸղųһСҪƻǵĹһȻܴӦڣһʼ
λѣ֮ǰҪһƽ𻨶һһٵڸı𣿡Կֵʵ
ûУԵͬһ𣿡˵
Զһĳ⡣Цѡһŵҩ
ţͻȻ䣬Կգʥ
Ի͵ˣӰʽ
翴˿ԣֿ˿Ŀ¶ɻɫͯԽأ
оռвԪȴûзͯԽӰ


750 ȫڴ
õ𼱻ǴʥȴδԺĳ
ͯԽأ
ѵѾˣ
ҲͯԽܻԼϵ֮ǰߣǡȴվúõġͯԽɱ˾ԣǿ϶һʱʥǡ
û絹ɳһֻҪûͺãܲɱͯԽεˡ
绰ºҲӺ׷ͬѸݵ¡
˿ܣͬһƣղžԵǺͯԽѾʼɱսˣ
תĿֿǣλɫƺЩŹ֡϶벻ͯԽѾԵնɱˡ뵽ľǣͯԽʱ޷ɱԣʥִｫԼסѡʥǡ
ʥˣʥ˹֡
ʥˣͯԽħͷѾնɱҲǰͬʱ˵
ʲô˫üһ
ɱͯԽЩţίʵǣ˵ûЩ˼
˵ʵ·ϣûԼһնɱͯԽȻɱͯԽǣͯԽô
ôλ;֣ɱͯԽ
ǣЦЦ
ҲҡͷҪμսģֻǻûֵǶ֡
ǾԵһնɱͯԽħͷͯԽڴ½ˣԵɱҲΪ½˿˵
ⷬգգ۾һʱ˵
ԣֻƵᣬӱ濴ͿԸովһҵսռڣвдԪţ綼Ϊﲢδս
ʥˣͯԽȷʵԵɱԵһٵͯԽðƻһ򣬼ſĿˣҪõȫٵԵǲͬ⣬ͯԽͶ֣ҪԾԵֻǣΪȾԵö࣬ձԵնɱʬ嶼ΪޡҲɫ˵
ߣͯԽǲ뾰ԵȡЦǣȻ֣ڼƲƲ죬·֪һ㡣
λҲ˵ͷ
粻ͯԽնɱҲòˡȻߣۿ˾ɱͯԽĹ̡
ʥߣѾľˣֻ񣬴͵Ŀžԡ
˿˿˵ԵҰһˣ
ѹе𾪣Ц˵
ʥҲǹң΢΢˹һҩֻʣ󼸿ٵȽҩһϡ
ãæġͷ
ߵһߣҲûھ뿪Ի͵ھԼֶһҩʱڣϸѯɱͯԽľԽԽľ
һٵֵĵʾ۷һŵƽ𻨶һߡʣµٵĶһҲûгκģʾɢ޶һ
ΪһٵһĲϣֵޱȾˣԽţһĲϼֵҲǼߡÿһٵһĲϼֵʮ÷¶öࡣ
Щ֮Уصģһŵƽ𻨡
õƽ𻨣ԵһʱͽǬС֮ڡΧüƷʯһС;Ԫ󷨡˼öΪ󷨺ġɲϣһƽ𻨵ֺյʱ䣬ͳ
Ҳ³óƽ𻨵ߣӦҲǬСĿռ䡣
ָֽܴͨΪڲûз֮
ԲûжԴˣѯֻƬ
λһҪҲͽˡ
ٴθлλǰμ۵ᡣ
λ뿪֮ǰһΣԻ͵ʦߵļ롣һͨ飬ɼԻ͵ΪһԱ˵
ԼѾȥˡţûٸԼ
˵ԻøлһЩͯԽĳ֣ͯԽҲ̫չ¶Լʵ
ǵܼǶԵʦ˵϶ʮ㡣ǶЩʾɢޣǾΪ˵ҩԻ͵Ҳδػġ
չ¶ʵԣЩʾɢ޵ľη֮ģǴĵ׷պĹ
֮ҪԼ˽ҪΪżҿս׼ġǲµ˳Ϳܻڹؼ֮ʱֲ
Ի͵¥֮ڣ
սˣŽϸš
ţӦýˣСӦ˰ɣȫУЦ⡣
ɣֻҪͯԽˣ֣ûϣŽƶ˵̫ϳϣӦúܿͻˡ
Žһڴ˵


751 
ȫŽڵľ¥Ի͵Զ
ԣԻ͵ڣͯԽսʱ춯صľ죬˶úǵףͯԽԾԶˡ
ȫʧȻսѾΪ˳ɿܾѾɱ
ͯԽɱһȫûпǡ
Ž£ʹŲ
״ŹżҶϿٽ뷿䡣ֱʱɫȻףڻԻ͵һĻоͷš
ʱȫһʱ䶼֪ο˵
̫ϳϣͯԽأȫδŽͿ˿׵ͯԽȻ
⻰ʱЩżҳϣҲͷĬȻ
ţͯԽΪɻˡ
ĪͯԽһ뿪ʥˣȫ̧üʵ
棡ͯԽѾˣվ˵˳
ȫ͹Ž⻰ʲôı顣
ôܣŽͺ
峤ͯԽնɱǾԣʵǿͯԽҪǿ󡣡Ŭһ
ڲĥʱ뽫һϢ̸ȫΪ棬ʥҲΣաһ֪ȫʥǣ᲻ֱɱ˵
ȫҲǵסԡˣǹżҸܶԿˡ
ף˵ͯԽǱһɱվЩȥֲܿͳĿ¡
ǣȻ˴ɱͯԽǼͯԽҲǾԶ֡ʱʥ綼׵ͷ
ãŽͻȻе棬ǵ뿪ʥǡھӦò֪ʥǣһ֪ǽΣաʥҷ޷ֱ֣Ǿ֪ʥǣԲûκζ
Ž˼άȷʵȻ֮У뵽ֿܡ


ԣͯԽȻҲھУ
Ļ쵰ΪɺޣԨôû棡ȫؿһֱҪըѿ
Ҳ֪Ž˵һûطԲܾھδȥͺ˵
ߣȫݺݵҧ˻
żˣĿ뿪ȫߣŹŽѺ
ȷʵˣίʵû뵽ȫʥǡʱ򣬾Ҳעżˣʱȫ͹ŽûǺڲŸϹġ

Ի͵
ʮߣ½ɢȥ
ɢȥԵ֣ȴڴ½ϿʼϷ͡ڵϢʥΪģԪ½䡣
ȻҲдԼһǧˣû뿪Ի͵дм͸߼ʦٲ֣Ǵߡ
һЩˣٵδģҲǣҪҾԣһٵ
ʱʥ磬λˣһ֮ڡ
ƼƳ֮ǳףִ⼸ˣҲ
Ե磬ͻˣѯʾԡ
֮ǰͨǵ֪˱ȽϸľҲȷԵʵӦǲˡ
֮ǰԺͺ׸ոյʥʱΪʱľԣûôǿΪʱ򣬾ԵսȻܱȵϵһεĵʾ۷壬ǸΣҪɱͯԽǳ˵Ρ
ԣŻѯʣǲͻˡ
ȷʵͻˣǵʾھ硣Ҳʵʵ˵
ԵճΪʱӦֻǵʾڰɣɻԾʵ
ˣҲԾžԡ
ǲʹԪȷʵԵľ磬ǵʾڵʱҲɵʱһѹԪڣȽĵʾ۷ߣܸоԼǵʾڵľ硣
ûʱ򣬾ֻеʾڡ΢Цͷ
⡭
̫˰ɣ
ôʱڣͻ磿ż£
ôһεĸо
ǣһҿ鶹ײĸоڵʾʱһ㶼Ҫϰʱ䣬ͻһС硣ԣȴǼµʱڣڵʾͻ硣
治ᣬǺôҲ½츳ǿһߡ
ѹ־ԵɱͯԽˣԵڵʾڣͿȵһεĵʾ۷ߡǵʾڣԪ½ֹ˵ͣ
˵ǣԪ½ϣҲܵС뵽ﻹʥڣûм˵ʡʥΡ
絹ǲΪ⣬ЦЦĻһ㶼ңɱҲ뾰Բ£ռκơ


752 ϵ
ĻЦЦû˵
ʵϣʥ֮ڣʥ޷ʥʥɱҲǾԶ֡
ˣĿһ¶֮ɫ
Ե㵽ģʵ벻ͨΪڼʱڣӵʾڽʾڣһλ˫üɻ
ˣͬҲ󲻽⡣
Ҫ˵츳죬˶ϡɾ츳ٸߣҲܼ´ӵʾڵʾڰɣ
̫һЩ
תĿ˿ˡ
ЩԥҪҪᵽ쵤쵤񵤣ҪƳ쵤Ǿȷʵڶʱͻ硣дԴ񾧸ҲǲСǴӵʾڵʾڣҲʮʱ䡣
Բδ̫ã˾
ڳģûˣҲλϢλҪȥõ
֮ǰƳһִ½ϲڵĵҩֵҩв쵤˵š
ڵˣ໥һۡ
쵤
ȷʵû˵ֵҩѵʹֵҩڶʱͻģ
˲죬žԼ˵
ֵҩͨҩķ롣ҵĵʦȼҲ˾żʦķ롣Լ˵
Ӧòµˣȷʵǣʹ˲쵤ڶʱͻ硣˵ЦЦ
ڣȴһƬ
żҩ룿żʦ룿
ԵĻ˶Щ޷ˡΪϹŵ伮˽Ϣս֮ǰ½߼ĵҩҲǾżҩѡ½ǿĵҩҲǾżҩûܳżҩĵҩ
ΪˣԵĻų˵֪
ԵѵѾĵ񣿡˫Ŀ֮УһâۣĶžԣԵޱȵС
Ļ̾⡣˼ȻָƳƷʵĵ
Կ˿
ֹ˽Ϣڳĵʾ߰ףһãȻȴ֪ĵ
ô˵Ե˵ͷ
Ҳ֪Լֻͼĵ񣬴ǬϵϢڵϵҲǸոջ·ĺͯˡֻԪ½ϣſƵˣܱȡ
̫ǿˣ̫ǿˣ⼸꣬һֱԨߣ˽⵽ܶΪ֪顣û뵽Ԫ½ϣȻе֡
˼飡
˵ֻǸ߼λ磬е񡣡Ȼ֪һЩϢ
Ԩ壬ͨͨλ翵硣
¶ĲǹˣͬеĿžԡ
ⲹ쵤ܵõһţǶ˵
磬¶⶯֮ɫ
쵤ƣңҲû̫İƳɹң쵤Ҫϣǳӡλõ쵤ҪĵȴС֪˵뷨ֱ˵ˡ
ⷬҲġȻոսĹһҩ£˲ϣҲ㹻Ƽ¯쵤ǾԿɲʥĸ
쵤ǲԷֳȥǣҪ֣Ҳ÷ָȫȫϰԼżҵˡ
ʱڣԲó쵤
żҺ󣬶ЩĵʾߣԻҲܽǲ쵤
ԵĻĿⲻɰһЩǣǵ˿ɾԵĻ
ΪȻ񵤣ǿ϶ƣҪϾԲˡҲôĹЧþԼͻ硣
ǻϣҲ˵ˣĵȴҲ˵Ժлõ쵤񵤵ġ
˸ת˼һ㵹ǹͬģ뾰ԵĹϵһ̣øӽ
֮˵쵤ĴڣҲĿġ
ԵƼңԻ͵ӴԺΪЧ֪Ե㣬϶ҪżҿսƼԸȫ֧㡣ƼƳʱ򿪿˵
תĿƳ
ԵҲҪᣬҾԲΪ˲쵤ʵ֮ǰԱҲ׵Ƴ¾ᣬ˵
˵ģȷʵʵ㾰Բ˵쵤ҲԾıʾԻ͵ΪµһԱ
Ƴϸ磬лˡҲϿҵĹֵл
ǺǡҾͲ˵ˣ۵ϣҾѾԻ͵ˡԺһһֱڻԻ͵ȥҵΪΪһ㣬ǰæƵҩȫû⡣ֹҲЦ˵һ䡣
Ҫ϶óǾû⡣ԺҪżҿսҪõߣǵҩģض١


753 Ի
Ҳǵڱ̬ˣԱġ
֪ĵ󣬹ˡû̫׷󣬿ڵһֱŬǰԨҪԭҪڵϼ
Թı̬ȻҲ⡣Ի͵Ժ϶û̫ྫʱԹʡ
׹ϵãǵ֮ǳܲԻ͵ɣ
ȻԸԻ͵ǾԿ϶ҲӭֿԺܵͣҵµܹκλõĵʦ
ϸ磬Ի͵ԺͽˡԶԹЦЦ˵
ҶϤˣȻҲ͸ĿˣԵñȽ׽һЩ
ڵĵǣ޷Ի͵Ҳ¶һ˼Ǿżҵɱǿ϶ְæ
ʥٷݣǿʹ˽˵ݡ
棬вٵʦߣҪԻ͵ԵҲóȥˡ˵
ԾԴ˽ֵ֧ġ
þԵεҲĿġҾʦԪ½Ǻ¡ԾԺ͹ĵԻ͵ĵλֻ²ȵ֮ǲ֮ܳǡ
ѣ߼ʦ˼ʦĸ߼ʦ֮ܶһķ֮һԪ½ӿֳĵʦߡ
磬ҲϣԪ½ԽԽǿʢ
ţóȥˣԵͷ
һˣ뿪䣬Ĺ㳡֮ϡ
ʥˣλԵ֣þò
ȺʱлԵ˳ӭǰ˴кߣҵĳϡ
˸дҳԱǶŴӾõҩ
֣ȷʵмʮûˡ׵ͷתҾԵİɣ
ǣлӦֿԣԵǵҵл˴һأǸлٵ
л̬ȣΪĹ΢΢
ĲֹһңûѡվھԵĶ档
֮ǰûʲôˣμ۵ᣬۿڵϻֹܹնɱͯԽֱֳ衣
лãһǰԣˡ
ϸ̫ˡ԰ڰ֣ĵˣҲǷǳ׽໥Ӧõġ
˵⣬һԵȴǼˣ̫ܻ࣬ẰԸΪԸͿصĻ
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ţ˵һλһԻ͵ݡĿǰǶΧԱΧԱҪһżҩҪʸͨľżҩһȽס亱ľżҩһЩҪͨĺ˲飬Żᱻݽҡ΢Ц˵
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ȻѾǵΪǡļǰȻûаԱ֮Ҳ̤ʾ̤̫ˣĸ׵Դ֧֣Ȼٳٲ̤ʾһγʾʧܺЩĻ䡣
ǡáԨǸʱˣ¼ϱɬ
ĸ֪ǬĴڣ븸ҪҵǬ䡣ܽ⿪Ǭķӡڽ϶̵ʱڽʡԽӿ˵
ˣ¼ϵͷ
ʱǽżȫȫΪ͵Ϯǡĸ׵ΪҪ߳һȫˡҺĸ˳ҵǬ䣬뿪¼˵ȫԴһ˿⡣
ĸ׵ʵȻڹȫ֮ϣɹȫˡڽ֮УҲ¶ݣȫֶ֪ΣȻ³ĸļ塣
뿪ãԨ˰Χ¼ʹ˵
ȫ֪ĸ׵壬ͨ籨ţĸ׵ļץĸ׻ȥҲǺȻ
ˣʱĸ׵ļ壬µǿߣĸҲ
Ϊ˱סҺĸײòЭӦǻȥʱԪ½ʥҲڳƺʶĸǣҲæ˵û
ĸ뿪󣬹żұǣҪǩһЭ飬ҪЮļ壬ǩЭ顭
ĸ뿪ʥ˱㽫һͻص壬ҪżңõٳƻǾҡ
ȫϲģǬ䲻ģ϶Ǭ䱻һɾϡηĸ׵ļ壬ĿŵĶ֣ң֮ҾͱżҰܣұȫ֮ǰĽǬ佻үү¼ϳĺһ˵
ⷬҲǳʱ
ͻȻ뵽һˡ
꣡
ھԴӶٳǵһѧԺһʱ䣬ƺһֱžԡÿգͳ֡
ʱԾͶλɷݣȴҪ죬ԣ˵Ҫ뿪ûгֹ
꣬᲻ĸйأ
ף֪𣿡Կ¼ϡ
ˣһĸװԼģӦĸ׽ˣǸ׾¼Ҳ֪Ĵڡ
ꣿô֪¼һ㶡
Խڷ飬˾¼ϡ
ûˣĸ׵ˣĸ׵ŮǸǼõĽáĸ׼ҳϣĸҪҲɡĸҪԪ½б㣬϶ȥ¼ϵͷ˵
ȻԵ۾Ҳ΢΢Щʪ
Ȼĸû̫ӡ
ĸױǿƴأԼ˶ܰյʱɶʧȥȴбԼĸףȻһֱԼ
ڣĸ׻
ζӳ¡
ȹżˣһȥĸסԵ˵
ƽмᶨζȴʯ
һȥԨĸףһᣬĸףø׺ĸžۡ£ǳļѣҲ᲻ϧһеȥ
ԡ¼žԣԵļ
ףһʱ䣬סɣиԴ˿ɨȥ
ʼѰǬСڴŵĸԴ
һЩǿѧʯָܹʹõĵҩ
ԴһԵȫ˳ڸ׾¼ϵǰ
ףЩԴ㣬Ӧò˶ãܽʾԶԾ¼Цһ˵


771 ʱ
¼϶ԼĶӣóԴһȫ
Ҳ룬սʡô㣬ӵҲ̫
ھ¼УͬһᶨͷǾǾȳǣҲȥԼӡ
ԣڻðɣȻȥһ˿ʮûܻȥˣ¼ԴԾ˵
ҪȥԼĸ׾졣
ܺáүүȥʮˡԱһ
ʲô¼Щݡ
֪׾Ѿ뿪磬¼ϻؼ̽ͷһӾ͵࣬մͷǾʸΪҪ

ʱ䣬ҴҶš
ת۱һȥһʱԴ඼סڵۡżһЩѼȺȾơ
Ի͵Ҳ򵥵ĽΣÿһΣʱָ
ҪΪĵͷǿңΪĵ̫̫ˡоԵָ㣬Ҳûκεϣ
ǳɾ͵ûôѣս֮ǰʥǿ߶ʱҲһûг֣Ϲŵ伮֮Уûκιļء
Ի͵ҲѸٵ׳
ԴӾԵؿǣٵ俤󣬾Եٴ½øˣ˶ԾԵġ
ãԻ͵ΪĳԱĵʾߣʮӵʮˡ
ʮУ֣ЦͬһΪĵİˣԼƳ͹ˡ
һʱ䣬Ե˽Уʾǿٴ˰ˣﵽʮ˸ʣһ֧ΪӴ˽
У֣ЦҲһá֣Цڴ½Ѻܶ࣬һЩʾǿߣֵҲ֣ܵЦӰ죬žԻ͵ҳΪĳԱ
ԺЩĵʣͬÿһƷڵ
֮⣬ԻҲͬٵ׳󣬽ǩЭѡ뾰ͬߵĺʹﵽʮһ磬ͨǳʮ
Щ˵֮⣬󲿷ֶһٲǶ
һеʾǿģûеʵļ壬ֻǶ
ʥʮ˾ٶţڴ½ϵӰҲԽԽѾߴҹż濹
ʱȻȥ
ҵѾﵽ˵ʵļޣ񾧣ϲ쵤ҲûͻƵļ󡣡
֮Уţüͷ΢塣
֮ǰǵʾ۷ļޡȥˣϣȴûκεĽ
һͽʥһҪȥ̫̫ˡĿǰ˵ȫͻʥļ
⣬ԽԽӽ㣬иоôȥھܴﵽ㡣
֮ͬǳӽء
طʥ⽣һĽսҡطĵȼ޷жϣʥ⽣ӦѾؼѧļޡ
ڵĹɣҲǷǳֲģ
ѧȴ޴ȻǴ塣ѵϣҵķˣ
һֱûֹͣ壬ںܾ֮ǰʹﵽΣҪ̤壬ȴͷΪ壬ҲķѲٵԴɽȴ΢
ԴſȷԼ巽ƫҪﵽĲΣҪĻԵ
ˣǿ󣡡
ˮɵ飬üͷ滺
Ҳףܶʱ䣬ԽļԽ޷ɹȫһܶͻơ
еʱ븸ģ븹صŮʹģģʥ̽żҵĶ
һȥ
󣬾Ե֮˳ͻƵ˵ء
֮ʥޣյĲͬġ
ڵľԣ߶֮ȫٶȾԿ̾Ϊֹ
Ϊ֤ԼٶȣԻһ
ʥ֮ĳ֮ϡ
Եʲô£
֮⣬ʥоλʱλˡܹܳãҲһͬǰ
ֻǵȴûʲô飬ԶһͿѯʡ
ԵѵҪ𣿡˵ɻѹӣɤţǿѹǺܴ
Եһ仰Ҿ͵һɱȥµ
Ѿ̤ʾ۷塣
ʱҲٺôѼ亱ԴβŰæҲ¯ڵ¯ҩɹӵʾڽʾ۷塣
֮ľλλǵʾ۷壬λǵʾڡλʾڵʾ۷Ҳܽ
ڵžԡ
ʱٵȵȰɣҲˡЦǸһҡ


772 
⼸ʱûµʱҲд衣
ʱ򣬶Ȥ뾰Խ֣֪ǾԶ֣Ϊ뾰д裬ҲĥĺôǼ֮ǾͶˡ
뾰д裬ȫŰ¾ԲȫҲסС
д裬Ȼǲ÷÷Ǿûʲô塣
Ժҵд裬̾ͻҡͷܾͬʱҧгݡ
㣿
ô򣿡
ȫǶְԵһ
򲻴ǲŲһ浹Ű
Խǹԭҡͷ
ǱᣡԼҵ˼˵ǴңҲ֡
Ŷ
ӣȤˡ
ĵף϶һΣѵҰɣǺܺãΣҾ͸ǻңֻ֣ܳҾԲ֡Ц˵
Ե⻰𣿲ʲôıɣʵ˵ǲǱ㲼ʲôǿĸ߼󣿡ߵӢĿܿռ˵
Ӣôһ˵˶Բõĸ߼Ҳˬޱȣ
ôС֮ĶȾ֮أҡͷ̾Ϣ
û˼ˣͬʱҳ֣ҾԲ֡⸽Ҳûκ󷨴ڡԱ֤
ô˵˲ź
Եȷһλ۾Ķһۡ
ǳȷˣǱ𵢸ʱ䣬ֻȫ־ǣЦ
ҾͲˣ˵ɻɤӴЦһȳУռƽԪ˲ӿ
ɻ𶼳ˣҲԹ˹ȥ֪ԾԵΪȫԷſֽţҲ˵ԡ
һʱ䣬ƶˣֹҫһصƿ˷
ʲô
أ
ѽô£ղھ͵˺棿
۹֮󣬵Ǳķ֣ǵĹǷΧڣѾʧȥ˾ԵӰ
ǲģֽеڶֹһλϳôܹҲѧˣǴһ湥Ǵ˷ΧԣԲ֣Ҳ±ơ
һιȻûκЧ
ι
Ĵι
û˼û˼ٶȣ̫ˣֱҵĹ죡
ˣԵͶǰɣߣ̤ʥôѵ㣡Ӣһ˵
Ƕ֣ͣҲء
ðɣΪֹЦе
е֤Լ֮ڿЧǷǳ⡣
ֻҪû󷨵Ӱ죬Ǿһսĵʾ۷ǿߣҲԼ½ǡҲ˵ȥԼӰ죬ٶĵʾߣԾвҲ
ԵˣƺȵͯԽҪöࡣҸʥ׷ͯԽͯԽٶȾԱöࡣʵ
֮һλʥǰµѧϣͻƣǼһ¡Խһ䣬ѧֻ֮ͨѧʯĿǰ֮ѧʯԣѧĻõ̤ʥС
ʧķ˷ۡ
ҶףȻ츳ž񣬿ϣҪ̤ʥ̫ˡǾԣһܹ̤ʥҪãͺ˵
ˣسȥ
ţȥˣҾֻҪ̤ʥ;뾰Եдˣ
ಣ
˷׷׻Ϊ뿪
Ҳ֮ȥһȴȻصʥǡ

֮
һգڵ֮ۡС
~
֮Уһ˿仯ɢ
ţ֮ڣ֮ͻȻֶһɫ˿һķ֮Χžԡ
۾վֱ̧𣬽¿һ
ռڵķ֮׷׿תƴȥ֮ٱÿ
ͬʱĽ⣬ͻȻһɨҡ
ңʯרŴģǵǽڽӴʾ۷ǿ߶ƻĿʯɲ֮仯Ϊ۳
ǿ
Σ˵Ŀֲһͷô½Ͽ̵ĿʯΪ촷ۡԵʾأĿһ⡣
ʱ䣬ڶ˽Σ
Ԥϵʱ䣬ҪһЩⲻҪҪǣҳɹˣ⽣Σ֮Ĳ˰ɣ۾
ৣ
뿪Ѿ֧ңԺ֮⡣
սʹӽգĻɣżңؽΪʷе̣ڣŷ


773 ս
ʱ䣬Ի͵ϵ׳
񣬵ĳԱ֮Уʾߣʹﵽʮ֮ࡣڵߣ
ЩǵĺĳԱǾԵĸ˽ڽżҽս֮УҪսżɱˡ
ԻڣļҲѾﵽʮ֮ࡣ˺ĳԱ壬ͬҪսġͨĳԱ壬ϹֻۣҪǲżҼɣļԱսҿԲֱɱҪ֤ڹƴĸ˵ҩָԪҩȵȣӦսʹá
Ի͵ߺ͵ʦסڵ֮ڣԾԸǴϢܼ򵥡Щ˵ֲڴ½أ֪ͨǾۼʥǣȴҪһʱ䡣
ʱ䣬Ըһµʱ䣬øǲ
ڴݵϢ֮УҲȷĿģżҵսȫ汬Ҫ׼
һºת˲һգԻ͵Ĺ㳡֮ϣӰ´¡
ʾǿߣȱȽǡ
Ի͵һ֣ЦΣԹΡ
ʮʾУһһսĵʾ۷ߡͨ۷ߣҲ˵ʾ۷߼ʮһˡ
ʣµʮˣ󲿷ֶǵʾںͺڵߣʾߣֻˡոռԻ͵ߣʾҲһЩġǵõԵڵ󣬱㶼ɹ˵ʾڡ
ڵʾߣǴӵ۷ͻƵġ߼Ի͵ģͬÿ˶һεҩԸͻƾĵҩ
󲿷ֵ۷ͻƵʧܣɻ˳ɹͻƣ˵ĽΪʡ
㳡ϵЩߺ͵ʦ໥к˱˴˶ϤʱδֳǶž˵
˲δ̫õʱ䣬Ժ;λʥĵһͬǰ
ˣ
Ե봫쳹֮ڡ
ֱ̧ۣѹѹ
㳡˲Ϣ䰲˵Ŀ⣬žԣžԷ
λԻ˵ĵѣ
ҪǾۼڴˣһҪ
ǼԻ͵ԻˣѡΪĵʱ򣬾Ѿ±ضᷢҪǣѾҪˡ
ûԻ͵ʽżҿսڳĻԻ͵ѣԻ˵ļжʱˣ
ƽڹ㳡Ͽջص
㳡ϵˣе˷ܣеЩšżʽսʱ˶סȻ֪һվᵽɵһĵʱȻ޷ȫƽĽܡ
һսҪôżҸҪôԱֽضһᷢѡվھߣôԱˣǵȴǵģҲͬ³ܻҲעǹӲд
żұԪ½ϣɻڴ
˵ĺĳԱҪǣº徫Աʥ֮⼯ϡǣͬңżҡӹżõȫԴУǽֱӷֵеһ롣
ºһὫһЩսɱҪĵĸ൤ҩŸǡյսƷ䣬ǸǸԼս֮еĳ䡣Լ˵
һսƷֳȥ˵Ƿǳ󷽵ˡ
ϾԸҲࡣȥָ˳ԱսƷʣµսƷԻҪóܴıָλ
λҪսܲܣõǰװ׳ȴòôҪ֪λսҲԼ˽ÿһ󣬶жλʾߺʹһͬս
˵ȹżҸҪõսƷеһ룬ָǣЩĴ˷
Ϊ
ûкô飬˭Ըɣ˭ԸΪ
˵ĺĳԱ֮ԸΪЧ֮ԸüðգĿģΪ˵õôȻ˭ɵӣ
𣿡һʮ˵ĺļ
ˣģа˳ɵĵߣսºǾͻʥ֮⡣Ҵ˵
ҵİ˼ʦһҾȫˣս֮ǰǻڻԻ͵ȫƵҩл˵
żҡ
壬׷ױ̬
Щ壬ȫ߳ɰ˳ϵļ嶥սμӵһս֮С
սУǵļԱ϶ˡǣһսȡʤǵõĺôֲǵʧ


774 ӿ
Щ˵ĺĳԱһǳǿĸǿԴӻԻ͵ȵõҩ
ֻҪṩӦ㹻Ĳϣǵõҩ˵ɵöࡣ
Զڼı̬⣡
λǿ뿪ʥˡٴγ˵
˺ĳԱ׷Ը뿪Ҫ̻صԼļ壬׼
ܿģ㳡ϾʣµߵĺĳԱҲǾԵ˽
ҷַҩɣԿ˵
ãǰ
óһʢŵҩƿʼڳĵĳԱַҩ
͵ҩǣ֣Цһӹƿһ˫ü͵Ķһ£תĿ˵
ƿ֮ڣһƷʵڵ
Ʒʵڵ֣ЦҲ޷Ƶļ
û
λһԻ͵ĳԱλԸΪҶսС
һεҩַȥλ̱չʹõҩܵʵºһͬɱżϳǡȻߣ֮͸ȥ
ںĳԱԽѪѪɫӿĿо
ʾ۷壬һƷڵ
ʾڣƷѩ
ʾںڣһƷʵѩ
ߣÿ˾һŸͻƾƷʵİ˼ҩ
һַȥԾٿżֵǵĵҩЩ˶ھԵ˽ս󣬾ҲҪǷκսƷԴЩ˼űʵ
õҩǣ˷ܵԱʾм֮顣
ˣҶɢ˰ɣºʥ֮⼯ϡǣɨƽżңԼ˵
ԾλÿˣҲһƷʵڵ
ԴӾԳΪڵľżҩһ¯ٳɵ˿Ʒʣ֮һҵĸʣһ¯ɵſƷʡ
Ȼͳĵҩȫܳŵס

Ի͵żսˣ
Ԫ½Ҫһˣ
Ҳ֪ǻԻ͵ʤǹżʤҸˣȽϿߴҹżңżҼǧĴУɲ˵ġ
Ҳ˵һֵĻԻˣͬޱǿһս¹˭֣ίʵ˵
ҲͿ֣˭ʤ˭ܣûʲôϵ
½أһ¥һ¥ð߶¡
żսϢѾԪ½£Ǵ½߹עĽ㡣
ȻżҵսЩͨðҲûʲôϵһʤǵ̫ᷢĸı䡣
һɵģԪ½һʱ÷ӿ
һЩɵߣڽڣżƿصİ˿֮أ±ս꼰

ǣżϳ
żƿصĵڣսҲڽĽš
żȫڣϵĳǰܶ飬Ѿǹż峤ŽܹˣżԳ
ڴ½ϣڹżҵļ壬ͬ١Щļ壬ȻҲμӲ֮Ҫʼĺսǹżƿصİ˿֮ڵļ壬Ǿ󲿷ֶս
һЩżҰзֲļ壬ͬҪ֮ΪżҶս
һգżլԺ֮С
λˣڴˣлλһ֮ڣȫվŷڵ˹֣˵
֣ǴϢ˵̸֪ʲô£ߴ֮һĳ̼棬ƤЦⲻЦĿŹȫʵ
ڵˣǴ½ߴҵ漶
̼棬Թȫǹԭʵ֪
̼ô֪ܲԵĻԻѾżսʱ򣬹ȫǹ϶̸¡ǣȴװ֪ӡ
̼Ļȫɫ΢΢һӿһ˿ײŭܿƽ
֣֣ҹżսӦ˵˰ɣȫͳ˵
Ŷ£жšСһɳٶȵǾ˵úܣڲʮɣ˵ĻԻˣѾܲˡȻżսǲ֪֣ǲǴɳ֣һٽˣ̼˵ԣ·ûԿӡ
ⷬУҲڿżҵ˼
ߴҵĹϵôгΪԴеСĦʱضᷢ
ԶԹżҵĴ壬Ҳϲּ
̼滰º⼸漶Ц
λ֣ҲϲĨǡСѾ򣬵ҹżҵѽɱԣҪλְæ


775 ֮
ȫⷬҷڵˣϲʲô仯
ڸԼڣõȫͨѶʯݵϢͲµȫҪ˵Ŀġ
Ҫǰżңǿɵúú˵˵ˡ
ϾҪûһôƾʲôż뾰Խս
ȫתĿڳˣºһᣬû˿ڻӦ
һȺթĶȫŭҲԤ֮УƽĶۣڹżٵҪȫæżһҲ׳֡
λ֣Ӧòǣ߸ңǩһЭģȫͳЭȷ˵κһ壬⵽޷ֿ嶼Ԯ
ȫЭ˳Э飬ߴǩġ
֣ȻЭ顣ĿǰԵĻԻֻżսǵ˶δִء˵Թżҵѵסһԣ治˵
˵ûһһ㣬ЭȻûȷ涨һ޷ֵĹǶ֪ЭԵģҪʥʥ硣̼Цһ
ȫЦ
λ֣Ǻαװɵأ
ʥߴңвһشҶ֪
ҾǣΪΪʥ֧־ԣǿֻ֧ԻˣĿĻҪҶ˵𣿾ԵĻԻҹżң֮У˭ֻǵڶأҹżǵһͱȻеڶֱȫ𣡡ȫһѪ˵
֧־ԣȷʵҲԼ˼
Ȼʥƿߴҡߴұʥ쵼ʵϣʥָߴңûжִ
ȫ˵ȷʵߴңֻҪߴҸԪ½ŻȫĿ֮¡
ԣüĬ
ǻǧϹȻҲܿʥ⡣
֣ҳϣ˵һΣ֧־żҵս˴δ̬ҲûʥصȥﾰԵ˼ǼҰżңܱ֤粻֣
磬ڿߴֶԸԵĻԻ͵ʱʥսĽ𣿡ޱ˵
˵ûһ֣ͬҲܳ֡ʱ½ս֮СǶһ㣬ʥʥʥԶڲ֮ءȫ濪սõĽƽ֣սʤսֻлûκκô
ȫ۾
ҵõϢʥ˽˵ݰԣǵ˽Ի͵һ룬λҲ԰֧ԮȫȻ֮ǰ뵽ƻ
֣ǾͶ촰˵ɣ
ǰ㣬ʲôô
֪ʥĵǶаﾰԣҲһ֪Ի˵ʵǰаǣջܾԣ⼸壬Ҳʧܴ󡣡
ֲ֣ǵʧ㲻룬Ҫ޳֧ԮżҶԸ԰ɣ̼Щͷ̬˵
ȫ
ĿƲƺڿһҪ顣
ڵ棬ͿŹȫŹȫĻӦҪֹ֧żңǹżұó㹻Ĵ۲С
ʵϣȻ뿴żҵЦżıҲһдݺĸо
ڱϣȻǲϣżı
ĻᣬûùżҴѪǾ̫ˡ
ҵ漶ʱŹȫȴǲ֪һǶ޷ֵڸȫѶϢ
Ǭ䣬֪ǰɣһڹȫԺ֮͸һëȻ䡣
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ƾٶȣӦÿ԰ѹ졣
ȻֱӽǬСҲһ㷢ǬС磬Ҳ̫ƿǬСķ
ֻǻԻ˵ô죿޷ɱԼһȥնɱԻ˵ĳԱ
УҲߣҧҧ
ǣѾһѪ˿۾Ҳʼ졣
ƣԷĴ߶Ԫ
ʥ⽣ͽ⣬߶£ԿڽӰ£һƬڵķ򣬶΢΢˸ŹΡ
ɼԵĹѹ죬ԾûЧ
ڼսһʱ󣬾ڹϣĵۡƣԹȫûʲôӰ졣ǾԼ˲ϵӣѾЩΪ̵ĸо
ʥ⽣һʩչʥ⽣
ɫĽ⣬ڿռڻһߡھԷĴ߶֮£âڿռھҵ𶯡֮һƬռ䣬ִϸܺɫѺۡ

ûɫâֱӽӴĿռ䣬Ҳâµ𵴿޷ִϸѺۡ
𶯵â׾˺ѿռ䡣û뽣˽ӴĵطҲҪܿµĴԵһŷ
ˣһЦ
һֱûֹͣʥ⽣ʥ⽣ܣڴﵽؼĶ󣬾޷ˡһΪҪȵԼ̤ʥܽһʥ⽣ܡ
죬ɱУһ˿˽âһ档һ棬֮⣬âȻɿµ˺Ĵݡǰľԣֻ˷һ棬ȴû񱳺һ档
ƣһŭȡ
ʥ⽣۵Ľ⣬ٿ䷢˱仯һʵı仯˲


793 ħ
ܵԾʽġ
ͬʱԸ֪ʥ⽣Ѿؼѧķ룬ﵽ켶ѧĲΡ
Ԫ½ϣ˵ؼѧ߶٣Ҫ˵켶ѧˡ켶ѧǴ˵
˵켶ѧѾʧսǰ켶ѧҲǾûСǣ켶ѧѧʯҲʥ磬һ޷
ҪȻ֮ǰҲҪʥ߲켶ѧ뷨
켶ѧ۾΢Уϲá
ɱУߣȷʵž޴İڴ½ϣߵĶ򣬶ɱʱֵġԵߵĸоԼǱܡ
һ֣Ϳܶγɾ޴ĳ
ʱľԣȻ
Ľ⣬Ȼ뵽˽ڣͬʱоһ㡣
֮ǰĹԶǿн⸽ڽ۵Ľ֮йʱֱ뽣ںϣߺ϶Ϊһҡ
һ⼤֮ܵࡣ
ɫ⣬Բ׶״ϢŶĹȥûκε죬ȫ
Եźɫ⡣
죬ƺҲܵ˾޴в֮ǰһֱûʲôʱҲ÷ǳĻӶо޸ӰһƬҪֵסƽĽ⡣
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ֻһΣӰֱӱм׺˺ѡ
췢˻
˻ͬʱѾǰһɲǣϣ͸
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ͭ˫ĿУһĨɫ
Ҫɱ㣡Ҫɱ㣡̧ͷ趯еľ޸
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ˣܼչ΢΢ҡҡͷ
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Ǵߣܽգֵ޾޴ڵԾãĲΣ֮ʢͨɱȡ
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ڽⲻϵĴ͸֮£ϢԽԽ΢޷άֱָ̬С̬ȫѪҺУҲѪҺ
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ڹ˵Ҳһֽѡ
ʱ˿̣Բ֪˵һЩʲô˵һЩʲô
ھԵע£۾ߴ壬ӿ׹䡣ϣָֽûУֻеһ⼣߰߸ͷ
Ըоϣһ˿ҲɢҡҡͷָһУ״ľ޸ȡС
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ֻûоκεʽӹɨһ۾޸пĵ
ͨĲϣ϶޷ܹǴ壬սƾľԱӹԹҲûκô
޸ȡһ˵ҩ̷ȥ
һսҲյĴˡʥ⽣ɱ䣬յĽܿǾԱɱ
֮һյʱ󣬾վĿżլԺӰ˸ӽ˹ȥ
ʱżӪԻߵɱȻڼ
һҪס
ֵʤǵģ
ǸСڿѾնɱ˰ɣԻ˵Ļ쵰ǣǶҲκһ˻뿪ǶҪ
ȫš
ȥΪɲ
ߵĵʾߣֻʣʮˣȻάս󣬵ҲڽڰˡʱģеʾߵķƴӶնɱ
żսеĵʾߣǾǵŸħնɱԺ
ȫԣֻҪˣǾǷʱǻΪˣԻ˵ߣΪ
Ի˵ˣȻռ˾Ϸ磬ÿ˵ͷһӰǲ֪ɱĽ
ħֳʵ̫ǿˣǾҲǹĶ֡һˣЩˣ⣬
ǶҪǶҪȫĿ⣬һӿеʬϡ
ոձɱˣǹż̫ϳϹסһʾߣֵܼڣѾܲˡ
ʱҲˣȫŭ
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ʱ򣬾ԵӰԵӰѸݵĽӽ
ԵȫһѵػŤͷӰ
㡭ôûһɺ⣬ӹȫĽŵףֱܵԴ


794 ˮ

żӪߣƵ
֮ǰħĵϣڣϣ
ΪħնɱԣǳԻˡǣĲǸħ죬ǻԻ˵ԡ
˵ʲô˵ħѾɱˣǹżӪϣ
Ի˵˼ԣһд󶨡ڵƿ㾰Բ֣żӪҲֲ˶ãڽ֮ڣضܽڵĹż𣬾ǹżȫҲ
ʱڳбԵս棬һ븴ӣԹԵı͡
ǵνҲһۡʼʱΪԵĻԻ޷ܹżңȻû뵽ԻռݾϷ磬żʧأٺħٴΪԺͻԻҪ군ݻ١ڣħ뾰һɱ󲻼ˣȴȻ³ս
Źżս
ƣУһͺȴ
ſ½ĺɫ⣬ڿռȻ֣ûκε죬ԪûС
⣬Źżҵʾɵսӽ
ۣ
֮£һ֣ݻ١ÿһֱƣڲĵʾ֮ͻᱻնɱ
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ʱٿȥǹżսеĵʾߣȻʮ
ʥ⽣δﵽ켶ѧʱ򣬾ȫһҲܴݻʾߵķ֡ڣȴֱӴݻٳʮ
ɴ˿ɼԵʵжôĿֲ
龰ķżӪߣ͸ȻˡôҲ벻ͨԵʵΪͻȻ֮ǰôࡣѵ֮ǰԲδȫ
ˣ
ȫǳˣ
ЩżҵˣȫҪˡ
ȫߵĵʾߣ඼ˣǿκεĻᡣڲһеߣҲûʲôôԵķٶҲˣǵӰոչͻᱻֱնɱ
ˣ
ʱһ
ռ䣬һ̷Եı仯
ҽȫʧ磬ŵÿ¡
ڿռڴеĺɫ⣬·סһƬռ䣬ƺޱճɫĽУ޷
ɫ⣬ۿɼٶڡͺ¯еĺϢʧ
һ͵ĺɫӰͻأĳ֣ûκεסһŮߣվ·˶ڣƻá
⡭С⡯һ£۾ĶһӰ
ոͷŶĺɫ⣬ʱѾ׵ʧȥټܣֻʣһƬĲʹ⣬ʹҲʧ
û뵽һʮëͷСӣȴңòŮߣھϣҡͷ
ʱ򣬳˺֮⣬ûеڶ˿˵
еˣĿתĿͻأֵӰһ֮ڣʱƺֹͣˡ
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˸пء
Ȼȥٲ֣ô壬ͽΪˡܿŮߣԹԵ˵š
˵Ҳ
ݼˮ棡ںⷬ󣬹ȫ
Ժߵĳ֣˶ϵͳԾȫȴûκεľȣ֪ߵĴڡ
ûã
ܣˮ㣬ò档ȫͷսսУһ΢˷ܡ
ܹ㣬ʵǣԣķͬһ㡣
ʥȴԼ켶ѧȻ÷򣬵ȴռĽ⣬˲ַ
Ǻǣʥ֮£⾰СӣӦǿˡȫΪˮĺߣȻı飬˵
ˮ棬죬ӦѾСɱˡȫߺ޵Ŀ⿴˵
ǰսǿұΪʥ֮µӦ޵еġû뵽ԾȻȹ컹Ҫǿ󡣡ˮٴҡͷ
㡭
ǹˮʥ·ʲôɫһڣޱȵĿˮһ䡣
ŶǧûȻ֪ңˮ棬֮УһĹʡ
⡭ֻͷƤ顣
ˮ
֣Ȼ֪һЩϹŵ伮֮УҲмأһս֮ǰʹڵǿߣҲһʥߡ
żһ쵽ս֮ǰʷԶļ塣ˮս֮ǰżҵĵ֮һ


795 ܾ
Ҳһɺ⣡
ŮߣȻǹˮңһʥĿǿߡ
ֻǣˮô֣
ǧǰս֮Уʥ߶սвʥ߲ûһս֮Сʥ֮½ʧҲûԪ½ֹ
ˮȻһֱԪ½
ԻɣˮӦǲһǬСĵطС磬¾ڹȫϡΪȫ֪ˮĴڣӦҲһĽ
ڹˮһֱҲĳԭƣòô
ΪżҸڼ仹ǲżҽû취Ųòֹ¾żˡ
ˮǰˮͨ
ԣ군ˡŮˣȷʵǹˮϵ
ʥߣ㲻֡Ҫɱ㣬϶סң֮Ȼ죬ϾʥˮһͷٶȡˮٵĴԺ
ɫ΢΢һס
飬ƺĺܲ
һδŻԻ˵߹żңû뵽żҾʥߡĳ֣Ի׼ˮĳ֣ԲǾġ
ˮǰȻ˵ҲԼĲ²⡣ĿǰԪ½ϣʥӦòֲܳŶ԰ɣʥ߿Ԫ½ߣ룬ǲǧʱûʥѹľ˵
µû
ˮʥػƶĹ˵ȷʵܳԪ½ǣȻӦһС֮УϢȫԲһֱһ޷ˡڽԼԻ˺Ӧþͻ뿪ˮ˵
ü
ػߣԵһ˵
ȱˣ㻹һôɣˮ
ڸô죿
ʥĹˮɱ
ղŷ飬ҲˣԼͷų̺ʥ⽣Ϣͱڵˣˮûֱӳ֡
ˮ΢÷֮Ĺȫʧȥ
ֲ࣬ôˮ
ˮ棬նɱ֣ԻˡЩˣȫɱҹżԼȫһԣ˵
ˮ˿ȫ˵ͷ
ԣˮڽо֡
ʵͦġˮžԣ΢ЦߣԪ½ϣս֮ǰҲֹԣҾֱɱ㣬ίʵЩϧ
ҸһѡӵһĻᡣ㲻ѡ߰ɣͬĻҾȻ㽨ԻˣеߣһԳǣˮĮ
˵ҪԻˣǳ⣬ͺ˵Ҫһֻһûκε
ʱ䲻࣬ûжʱ俼ǣҸʱߣǾͱˮ壬ƺ΢һ¡
һ̣Ծ͸оһεѹ
ţԾ͸оԼȻܶˡԼ壬һεΧͺǱѹһ㡣
һˣ֪ʲôܸоؼ޴ڵķ֮
һ
ˮ÷֮ȫʼ
ˣҲܸߵġ
ˮߣ
ǾԲܣˮߣˮɱǣʧȥɡ
ڴ½ϣԻкܶ鲻ܷ£һ֮ôܣ
ңԼŹˮߣˮҪɱԻ˵ˡԼȫϾԵıġ

ʵΪǿǵģ
㲻ߣҲɱ˵ġ
˵ߣž˵
ŤͷЦЦҡҡͷ
ԣȷ𣿡ˮ
ȷһ
䣡
ȫԪ͵ıϯ
˲䣬ǹˮõķ֮ǱӲıƿһЩ
Եĵ㽣⣬Ѿз֮Ĳܣڽ߾ȫ֮£ܱƿһΧڵķ֮
󣬾ֱչһ̳֡
ԪУȫһǳɡ
һ̱ˮ
Եϣвٵĸ߼̡þûиʱȥãֻһһ
һ׳ʮ߼̣Щ̷ɳȫŹˮֹȥֲǵء
ǿأʱˣȻҪֿˮԼʮֶ΢Ц˵ôһ仰


796 
ʮ΢͸߼󼸺ͬʱǷڳ޲ݡ
ˮȴЦ˵ôһ仰
ֻڹˮܣ󷨵糱ˮһӿҪû
һ̣ˮ̧˫ۣƣһѹһƣ
ӣ󷨵תٶȣʱټǰһ̻Ǽ꣬һ̾ϸꡣ˵ע֮£㼸ʮ߼ͷŵܣԾ˵ٶ
󷨵ǲõòˮǿ佱һ䡣
佱û˿ϲɫڽ̶ȥ֮ǰԾ뵽ܲʲôá߼󷨶ԵʾһвˮʥߡңԶȥĶ̣ǳ󷨣΢󷨵Ҫȳ󷨵͵ö࣬͸ܶԹˮʥв
꣡
ûɨ𣬾ͼ˷һ㵭֣γɡ
ûг֮ߣղˮǰҲ˵ˣ֮ٶȻ죬ˮ÷֮ɾ֮ܽٶ
ҾԼߣǻԻ͵ô죿
ͬ飬Լߣ
Ի޳ܵ顣
󣬾гԪ߶¡
ʥ⽣
ںϵνʥ⽣۳ɫ⣬ˮϮɱȥ
Ǿǿˮһߡ
ֱһֻ̤ɫӰ˸ˮ͵˻ڴ̿ռĺɫ֮ǰ֣һѾץס˺ɫ⡣
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ǲ뵽֮У̤ʥս̾ܳԽһʥءϧûлʥˣˮеĺɫ⣬ԹԵ˵
һĻҲЩˡ
ʥߣʵǿףͲǵʾܹƥеġ
ʥߣһͷɱһʾˡǵʾٶ࣬ҲԶʥ߹κεв
ˣˣҵʱ䣬ˣ
ԣȷʵ㣬εǣȴǹżҵĳˣΪ˼룬ұɱ㡣ţǬ䣬ĸȤˡ֪ʲôĴУڶ̶ʮʱڵĳɾ͡ˮһգɫǱ壬Ŀ⿴ԣ˵
ֻˮƣһץ
һצӰž
צӰֽӴ֣â

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ۡγɵ֣
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ѪҺӾԵǡ۾ǿסڲð
ڵԪԾ˵ٶš
һʱ䣬ĵʮ֮һӡ
ģʮʱ䣬ԵԪͻһա
ԿԸоԼͬʱڱѡ
Ǵʱ壬һԿϣڶѺۡ
ô죿
ɶ񣡡
ǬС磿вͨ
ˮ֪Ǭ䣬ͻȻʧһ֪Զ뵽Ǭռ֮ڡʥߵҳǬС϶ʲô¡
һǬˮУǾͿֱӱÿȨϾԵǿȻһʾ߼࣬϶޷ʥȡ
ǮС类ˮգľԣǸ·һ
Ի˵ߣޱȵĿžԡܿھܣһɫơ֪ǾڶԿˮٿصķ֮
Ԫ½ϣʥ֮µߣҲֻоһˣһ
һ߹һսĵʾ۷ߣҲڷ֮ѹ£Źһʱ䡣
˶ǸΪ
޷תԪܵĿռڣһεĿɲѹеʾߣԭءǵ岻ܶԪҲ޷ת
˵ߣֻĿš
Ȼ֣ܳҲ޷ﾰʲôͷŵĺɫ⣬ڹˮжһ㣬ǵĹ͸Ӳˡ
ˣ
Сһô֣Ҳûõģˮžԡ
ڹˮУʥ֮µߣԶ϶ѡԣֻǱȽǿ׳ϡ
ǿ׳ϣҲֻϰˣֻҪ̧ţͿ
ʱľԣѾȫѪˣȫѪȾɺɫѪȫƤڱѡ


797 η
ԴʱԻ˵һ֣żӪߣϲ
ȫһϵ壬ȫչ
һδսżҵʧȷʵΪأʾ룬ʾ֮µߣ˾͸ˡǣܻɱԣż
ȫҲ֪ˮСͲԪ½̫ʱ䡣ҲҪˮ̫ͣãֻҪʱ䣬ˮ̸һ̸ʥ̸һ̸Ȼ󣬴ǵУŪһЩԴżңҲ㹻ˡ
ңɱԺͻԻ˵ߺ󣬴ǵϣżҵõԴԲ١
ֻҪ㹻ԴǼǧ֮󣬹żҾͿȫָԪһս֮ǰĹżһҪǿʢ
ҪǬ䣬ˮ鿴ҪǾöԼôһҲżҡ뵽пܵõǬ䣬ȫ˼鲻ԽĻȡ
бԵҵ棬ʱҲȫĿתĿŹżլԺλá
ˮȻҲ벻ġ
ˣҲ֪ˮǶΪˮûҲ뿪Ԫ½ˡû뵽ˮȻһֱ
һʥǿ߰
ս֮һʥǿߣͼԺɨ½ˡ
ƿʥʥ磬ʥ¶޷Ըˮʥǿߡ
ˮĳ֣һսŤת˾ơԻ˵ĸѾǶ֡
ǣҵ棬ȴ˲
ԻǸˣҲɱˮ֣һлȾָǬ
ǰֹ֧żңҪĿģΪǬ
йˮʥǿڣңһս֮еõôȻЩʵ

ҧݣ۾ԲŶĹˮ
ԪѾӽݽߡ
ȫĹͷһܼ۶
֪ԼѾ;ƿݵĵزһ˲䣬ͻή١
Ȼܼôʱ䣬⡣ɣɣˮɫɣĮ
ȻԸ֪ԵԪѾݽߡʱ򣬾һͨĵʾߣӦöɱˡ
ɣˮžԣҲһֽѡ
޾ķ֮ھת
ʱľԣȫһѩˣϣҲҲһõļ
ԸоԼ꣬Ѿʼֽ⣬ʶԽԽģʧ
Ҫˣ
ǺǣҪˡȻ׼ȫˡ
תһ˵ߡ
ԼЩԲ˵ߣԲʥĵǡԼЩ˲뵽ս֮УǣҲ
˵˵һԲ𣬵Ǵʱһ仰˵޷ſڡҲȵѹΧ޷͸ˮõķ֮
ڵľԣǬС綼ˡ
СӣңΪһ°ɣ
ھʶʧʱһھԺ
ˮǰǬСڵˮ
Сһദ⼸ʮ꣬Һο츳ǿöࡣܻȥĳɾͿ϶Ҹߺܶࡣ
ԺٸһЩʥ߱뿪Ԫ½ԭڿûлˡҲҪܻԺȻҲ֪
ˣ׼ӰɣԻ˵ЩˣͲҪˡܳɹߣڶʱھͲҪ¶ˡˮԪ½˶೤ʱ䡣ֻҪ뿪Ԫ½ΪȻǴ½ǿʱΪ˵߸ɣ
ˮ뾰Խ
ˮ뾰Եֱںϡԣ˵Ļƺܶ࣬ЩϢԣֻǷǳݵʱ䣬գʱ䶼
Իû׹ˮҪʲô;ܵѹȻࡣ
ԭѾ꣬Ҳֹͣ˱þԵʶһӻָѡ
ԿˮĲл꣬ѳǬС磬ƯԼǰ
һףˮٿصķ򣬱ˮĲл
ǡ
ˮֻǲл꣬Բлµķ֮Ƿǳѵġ
ֻˮ겻˸ԵģڳɢıԵ
ˮˮ֣һ˫ü
ꣿʥߵꣿˮЩ˵
ûˮӦ΢ЦŹˮ
Ĳл꣬ȻһֱھߣңֻʣһƲл꣬𣿡ˮˮĲл꣬Ȼ΢΢ĳԾһ£Ǻ⡣
ˮǹˮصĶԴڵˮֻһƲл꣬οһʥߣ


798 ƶ
һʥߵĲлֵ꣬ùˮں
ͼһƲл꣬赲ԼɱԣǼֱ޻̸֮
ԣˮЦŶˮл˵
ӣˮлתԾԺһ
꣬ͻȻâʢһƬɫĹâ곹װ˵꣬Ϊһɫ
һռ֮ڣ˲䱻⣬ˮٿصķ֮ʱܴ
㡭
ѵɢˮĿ¶ɣЩŵĿˮꡣ
ˮ֪ˮڼȫɱ
ˮûлӦ꣬ɫΣˮϯȥ
ˮŭ
ȻɢҾͳȫ㣡ˮ˫͵Ķؼķ֮ٿڣˮлѹȥ
ǣˮл꣬ȴɱķʽ߾ܵܡǹˮȫҪѹ޷ʱ
ԣګګĿˮˮ
ʱˮ˼
ˮǴԼ꣬õߵĻᡣˮ꣬ȻȫסˮȴΪȡһʱ䡣ԵԪȻݽߣֻҪûò쵤ڼ̵ʱڻָԪƣȻʩչ֮ߡ
ֻҪʱ䣬ԾǣȻǬС硣
ֻҪˮ޷ԵλãǽǬСǹˮҲҵԵټңˮԪ½޷̫ͣʱ䣬Ѱ죬ͱ뿪Ԫ½
ɶ񣡡
޴ˮӰɫΰΧ
ˮЩܻ
ˮĲл귢ɱԹԵǹˮꡣȻˮֻʣ²л꣬ˮԼ꣬ȷʵһѳҪˮлܡ
Сӣ㻹ߣڵʲôˮٵĴ
ʱˮ꣬ѾȫΪɫâֲ̫꣬õʱ䡣
ŭݵȵھлۡ
ԾãԼʹˮĲлɢֻоԼţƺҪըѿ޷

Щ˵ߣԼߣ
ԼߣùˮҲԼӶԼŭЩԼϵ׽ϣ
һ㶼ɣˮ޷ҵԼɱԼһǨŭڱˣɱԻ˵ߣԶٳǾԵļ֡
ô죿߷ô죿ЩԼںˣѵҪΪԼɱ
ǰҲߣԵĿУ
Сӣ㡭ˮƣ
һɫΣԽԽ
𣡡ˮһȡ
ʱˮ˫Ŀ졣ȻˮɱԵֱӹ꣬Ҳܲܡʱߣǻڲֹԡ
Сӣټˡˮ֮лš
δɢȥɫĹţڱ֮ѹɢʧڿռ֮ڡ
ǰؿڵһҵĳ
ȫԪ𵴶
ʱֱѡ
ھԵĸɫĹ⻪޷Ƶɢ
ߵĸ飬ţ߾ܲҲһˡ
ûˣ޷洢ԪˡߣҲͲܵԪκ顣
ۣ
һѪӾԿ
ԾȻЦЦݹܣ۾Źˮ

кξ壿ԵһһٵĴӿз
תĿ˵ڶߡ
ֵǣҾԣԲǣҧ촽صĴϢУ˵ôһ仰
˵ߣ࣬ᡣ
ʥĵǣҲȫݣžԡ
ԸΪսһʾߣŭ
Ϊս
кξ壿һʱ䣬˻˷
ΣˮҲݡȫˣĿж¶ŵɫ
ǲżһȫˡܼ򵥣ˮɨˣָĮ
ԣɣˮһƻӳԡ
嫵ܣɨ
ֱͦŹˮ͸Ųͱġ
ţ
ꣿ
ǡˮǰϢ
ʱ򣬾ͻȻоһصˮϢԵ꣬ӴϢһԵ
ԴͬʱԵ꣬ھû£ͷųһĪ
ڸɢٴη˱仯˲䣬һƬɫӰӣ
⡭ѵˣǣôܣ飬ôԼۣȻĸ֪ڵı仯
֮
һ̣ĸ֪ؼ޴ڵķһƬռڵķ򣬾ھԵĸ֪֮ڡ


799 ɾʥ
ԼǵãԼոսʾʱ򣬾ģģĸ֪ط
ĸ֪ȣ֮Ĳࡣ
ʱؼķھǰޱȵУԾƺһ׽ζ
ܸоԼ֪ڣǳĻ죬ƺˮеһ㡣
Ϊʥǳ˾ԣԸΪá
ʥȻ
ͣͣ
ˮٿصķ֮Ȼ׺ݵѹȾԡǣԵܣͬз֮赲µѹ֮ƽ
Ȼܸоӭľ޴ǣԼвѾ޷ɱԼˮķ֮Լܵķ֮ų⡣
ܽӴ໥ϸ΢
ţô£ˮĮУȻһ˿ء
ķ֮ӦɨҶ㽫ѹޣþʬ޴棬ڵΣȴǾȻȻ
ˮ鲻̫ԡ
⾰ԣϻʲôﲻɣԣзҪʥ֮ǰӦóŶԣôȵڲʹãˮһʱ䣬Ҳ벻ͨô¡
϶޷뵽ʱͻ˾
ʱԿûʱˮ뷨ֱȡŲ쵤̷ȥͬʱҲó񾧿ʼ̺ľ
ƷڣԸɫ⣬Ũɫۺ
ϸۣ
ͻˣڣҾʥӿΣҲ̲סļ
ʾ߽ʥҪٴɱ䡣ɱ䣬֮ǰɱ䶼һһɱ䣬Ǳʵġ
ɱϸ
Ϲŵ伮֮УҲصĽܡϸҲԳΪߣϰ߳Ϊϸֳͨɫҿȥͺһɱöࡣ
ʱһš
ˮӹǿȣʼ޷ɱеĲԽԽǿңһ˫۾ĶžԣҪԿ
ϸ۵һ̶Ⱥ
һƬŨ˲ֱӵ߲ϼ⣬ʽ٣뾰Եڡ߲ϼ⣬ȻǷ߲ϼӿ뾰ڣϸںϡ
ʱ򣬸ϸһȻԡܸоϸĻ֮⡣ͺԼһ㡣
꣬ҲԾ˵ٶ׳ϸ
߲ϼ⽵ٺ󣬹ˮףԵϷʲôʶͻ˾ӵʾΪʥǿߡ
ôܣ
ⲻܣԲܣˮĵȻ׵ʧȡ֮Ǳͷ
ĻԵ壬ڿҲΪ޴ײˣǾԵľͻƣʼûбϡ
ˮóצžԣֱӳ
ź嫵ķܣצץԡ
ۣצִﾰԽǰžԴץʱ򣬾кɫľ͵סצ
ײܿռ䣬ڷ֮£ֱӱһ޴ĺڶ¶
Ե壬ȴڿռ˿ĿռγɵĺڶУ͸ĿջϵĳԵ壬һı仯ûС
ԵǿȣȻﵽĲΡ
ѧϰ幦ô꣬ԵǿȣһֱͣڴĲΡԲʹùַܽһΡڣȴˮĹ±ü֧£ǽһΡ
ⲻܣⲻܣˮɫ΢΢÷࣬˵
޷ţԪ½Ȼܽʥ
ʱżˣһĿɿڴǺȻ֮ɫ
ȫȫ΢΢
ԭѾԼնɱֳı仯ˮ滰е˼ԾȻʱӵʾʥ
ȫʱ飬Ѿ޷
Ի͵ˣٴμȻʥûκε˽⣬ǴӾڵҲܲ³Ӧǳɾʥ
ˮڵˣ
ǧǰսû뿪Ԫ½һֱڹȫЯС֮ڡ㣬Ӧʱ뿪ġڣ߲ˣĿӹˮ˵
ɱңΪ㼴ʥҺΣˮѾЩ

гӳʥ⽣ϯС
Կһ֮ϴ˷۵֮С
һ⣬·ܻأ

ҲҲģʥߣôˮѾоϢԼֶ


800 Ϊƽ
ԵĹˮ͵ס
к׺ݣɫȴӦԣЪ˹á
ֹ֮ǰ˵̤ʥսֱӳһʥߣʵ
Ȼո̤ʥ˵綼ȹ̡ǾһƣȴѰʥ߶ԶԶġǾǣؽ⡣
ˮʥߣ÷ֻǺֲܴڵĲٿأҲʩչѧѧ뷨϶ȴܵ͡ԣȴʹý⣬ܴǿ
ԴʱһֺĸоںϽĽϷܣӦÿγһֶصĹʽڣûʱϸ룬żҺ󣬿Ľ˼̽
꣡
ⲻϻˮķ
ʵȴǼ졣
ˮһҽС
ɨΪޡ
ʧһŹâǸλâֳΡ΢ۺ󣬱ҪӴܡ
ߣһЦ
ţȻǹˮꡣ
ʥߣǳǿԣȫҲǿԴܳһʱ䣬ˮ޵ȵȡ
ˮ꣬ĺУɴܡ
ֻһͷγһӴٶȡ
ӿѹˮ꣬ۿɼٶڡ
Ƿǳġ
ʥ֮£ߵ꼸壬һҲ֮ʥߵ꣬Ҳܳñ¶棬᲻ϵķֽ⡣
С֣ҺƴˣˮѲˣצԡ
ǣԵεǿ
ˮ꣬ȼΪɱԵĽԾҲûʲôв
ʱ䣬ˮͳɢ
أƽ
ʥ߹ˮնɱ
ʱȫȹżӪˣȫľȻˡһͺľ׮žԣһƬհס
ӣҲ֪˭һ
ˣҲŷӦǷһӴܡ
Ի˵ߣҲ΢΢һ𣬶þԷԸǾͷֿ׷
ԼҲûţ俪żӪеʾߡгһɨ
֣Ӱءһ⣬˲ɢʮʮɫ⣬ֱ׷һʾߡ
ںʱ֮ڣżӪļʮʾߣȺӿ׹䡣
Щʾ֮µߣûᡣԻ˵ȥ׷Щ´ࡣʾ֮µߣٶϣ޷Ի˵ʾȡ
ԭء
ˮǰૡ
ˮԿҲ̤ܶʥͻ֮ǰԵ꣬Ǹ֪ˮĲϢһЩǳµϢǵõЩϢþܶ򣬴ӵʾ̤ʥ
Ϊ㱨ˣ
ˮӴһĻĻҲӿͷ
бԵ棬ʱȫҲڲ֪бˮʪ
ԣʥ
ԣɱ˹ˮ
ߣߣ
棬ɥ֮ȮһӴܡյĸ߹󣬴ʱﻹзֺɼ
ڻԻ׷ɱżʱ򣬾ҲĬĬӦ̤ʥϲı仯
ϸѾȫ۳Ρ
ϸڵԪҲб仯ڵԪ˷Ϣ
ת֮֮С
֮ҲҪԪĳءԪԽ񣬿Բٿصķ֮Խࡣ
ϤĹУҲͬʱʥҲࡣ
żϰߡһ
Ƭ̺󣬻Ի˵Ⱥ
ˣǹżȫɾˡʥĶԾ˵
̬ϣǰ˾޴ı仯
Ҳ
ǰȻսȺԶԶЩɱȡǣʱ򣬾ԱϾǵʾߡݣҲһʥھǰȻԱƽȵĵλƽȶԻ
ڣѾʥ
ֲ࣬Ǵĵײη˵ʱֹҲǷĵס
Կǰۼߣ˵ͷ
λֵܣһսˣ
ڣҪһ£ɨսȫԴռԺĶ˵
˵ǣٴæµɨսӣֵָֽܷȫȡǡ
ǽԼսϣռԴԡ
û˸˽̣
˼Ҳûӡʥǿǰ˽̲ǲ͵͵Դùʥߵ۾
Ȼˣ˼С
ԽеԴͷһɨȫȻ
Ѿƽ߸ǣûбơڣǼǰǰɣԻֱۣղѾͨѶʯ߸Ķӳϵ


801 
Ի˵߸飬ڸԹ򱻹żյǡ
Ϊ˱սʧ̫ǵĽȶ죬ҲǾԿʼҪġ߸ĶӳԵ˼
ǱƽҪŹǵĶ飬ȥԮ֧顣
Ϊ˽Լʱ䣬Ի⣬Լٴη飬˷ֳ֧顣
ǵķֻǵʮ֮һԲҪ˶һĿꡣ
ֳ֧飬ͬʱԮĿꡣ
ԼһǰһĿꡣ
ԸȥɵĶֿж
ԭ鴬ٹżϳѵ鴬鴬㹻ʹõġ
Լ·Ҫ鴬ķٶȣ鴬ʮֹ
̤ʥ󣬾Դ߶֮ٶȱǰΪԲٿطԽԼƶٶȡ
ʱԾʹǵ˺㿤ǡ
ʹ֮·ʱ򣬶֮ٴζһЩо֮ƺҲطϡ
ʥ⽣нطϵЧþԵĹɱˮ֮ҲԼһָ
֮ҲطϣǷٶȿ϶Ϊˡ
ã֮أ뷨йءϵķʽ֮أǰҲû顣
㿤ǣ
ӳ飬ѾϣԼˣһʾߣ֣Ц˵
𹥻㿤ǵĶ飬֣Цһ֧
ã
չߺߣٹһܵʱ䣬㿤ǱضƳǣ֣Ц˵
ǣǵʾߣӦ󣬾Ҫתȥ
㿤ǵػ󷨣ֻ࣬м֣ЦٳûƳǵԭҪǳ֮ڣеʾɶ͵Ϯ谭֣ЦĹǽȣһöܵһĳԱʧ
ǵߣԳڵʾ߹ʱˣһ涼ܲסͻᱻɱڴˣ֣Цòȫ޶ȵıˡ

ǵʾߣҪת뿪ʱһɫӰͻȻ֡
ʲôˣ֣Цһȡ
ǵʾߣҲ̽ս״̬׼ʱ֡
Цϸ磬ңЦ˵

ôˣ֣ЦȻžԡ
֪ѾƣżϳΪƽء
ѾˣȫҲɱҹ㿤ǡЦ˵
ʲô֣ЦӵԲ
ԱߵʾߣҲһ
ǣˣ
֣Цȷʵû뵽ǻ𹥴ĺ㿤Ҫ类ơ
Ҫ֪ĶȻ࣬ʵҲǿǣǵķԲǺ㿤ܱȵġ֣Цһսʱ䶼û뵽Ű£Ǿͱƽˡ
Լ빥㿤ǵĶ顣
ʱ󣬺㿤𣬹żӪߣսųɾţ©ָ֮
ɨս֮
ˣ㡭Ϊ
ôģҶû֣ػеĳ͸߼󷨾ͱ
̫ˣ
ǰڣвٵʾ߸翹ǾһɨЩʾ߾˴룡

սɨ˵߶ۼھǰ
뵽ոĿõΣǶ񼤵š
֣ЦҲƲ죬ǲ˼顣
ڻԻ͵ʱǵһĳԱİʾߣ뾰Խ֡һΣԻȻҲȽɣɵʱľԣԲһɱһʮʾߡ
ңԵĳ֣ȫûרעӣ֣ЦûӾϸӦԵԪ
㡭㲻ʥ˰ɣ֣Цʶ㣬벻ڶֿԡ
ųпܵأʣµؼ㿴ܵģҲʵ
ЦЦûж˵
ˣȥһǰɣԻ˵
ʥǣʥ
ʥʹܹܳãһֱڹעһսȻҪĹע㣬ǡƣżҲ͵ǰˡǲƣǾȫƣżҲḲ
ǶͨѶʯõϢʱЧԷǳĸߣӳԴԼҲͼʱǸոյõԴݻǵĻǴżӪɱȻ󣬹ѶϢҲ֮
ħҲ΢΢ľΪԪ½ʥԹ쵱Ȼİ֪ʵǧ֮ǰֻж꣬һսʾ۷ߵս


802 ʥ
żҵսϿʥûʲôϵ
˶֪Եıʥ֧֡ΪôѸٵĳΪʥĵʥΪζ˽ݼ뾰żҵս
ˣܿеĹؼ⡣
ʵҲˣǻܹżңʥҲž޴棬ԼǿԪ½ƿء֮ʧܣǶĴͬСʱֻߴҶʥ͸Ӳˡߴңܻܿû£ļ٣żұضıȨ棡
ΪһսĽԸħš
ԣǸħĶǧʱ䣬Ըħķսʲô̶ȣ
ʥˣħȻǿҲδǾԵĶ֡ü˵
ʽȽ⣬ԪǴ塣սǼǿġҡҡͷ
ͻȻڵĴѶʯ΢΢һϢˡ
̴߶Ԫ
챻ɱżѾ᧿ΣֱӳϢݡ
ڵˣһ
Եսǿ£ħɱˣЦ
ǰԾȻɱħ죬ǡҲɳһ
˵ϲδƽţϢ
ˮ
ˮżҵĵ߹ˮ
ôܣˮս֮ǰʥߣôܻԪ½
ڹˮϢ󣬳úˣʱ
ʥˡĿ⽹
Ҫ׼ˣϢӦòˮʥߣԲǹˮ֣ԻҪʧܣ˵
ʥˣǹˮѵʥ£˵׼˼
һ򣬾һˮͻȻԪ½ҾãһֱûȥǲĳĵطһȻˣ޷̫ʱ䡣һʱڹƻ½Ǻ޷ܵġص˵
ǸӦԣʵ
ãҪһˣȥˮ̬ʲôҪֻҪ̫֣Ƕ㡣
ǾԵأʡ
ãǸոյõϢ˵ˮʵϣˮʱ䣬ӦǼʱ֮ǰˡʱԿѾҲϣԳ⣬ǣΪʥĸһˮһʥ޷ƶģˮʥǣҶĪκΡҡҡͷ̾Ϣһ˵
õı飬ҲЩˡԣǸ޷ԡ˵ʥ޷ƶƶǴʥǵǣȫٸ·ҲҪʮʱ䡣
ܿƽ˵ȥǼˮ
˵ţת뿪
ڳߺ󣬴ֻʣһˡ
ͨѶʯһϢ˳ȥ
ػߴˣս֮ǰʥ߹ˮԪ½Ϣݣˡ
ͬʱ
һƬʵӴ󹬵ûƲ֮С壬Ϊɫ
༫Զԣܵʵİɫ֮ϣĿѹ
Ƿѹʥ֮µǶ޷ӽһµӴ󹬵
ʥ
ʱʥ֮ڣһߴӰüͷ˫ĿӣԶԪ½λá
Ԫ½ʥߵϢ
ѵһƬ½ֳʥߣǣһֱŵʥ³Ԫ½
ɫ۵ĸߴӰе
ս֮ǰֵʥߣصڣẠ̊́
ڼȻˡͱ뿪Ԫ½ˣ
ɫӰ˫еľ⣬΢΢˸
ʥˡ
磬֮Ϊػߡ
սֹͣսЭǩ𣬾ֱƶ֮½еġ
ţԪ½ʥ磬ҴϢػȡһöѶʯ
ˮ
ˮȻûãǧ궼¶档һΣΪλأػת
ˮ伸ǧʱ䣬Ȼǲ뿪Ԫ½ġͻȻ϶ԭ
ˣһһ˰ɣˮԪ½̫ͣʱ䡣ػҡҡͷ
ͨѶʯ紫һѶϢ
ͬʱӵػߵѶϢ
ʥˮһ仰ҺܿͻԪ½Ҫ߶
ӵػѶϢ
ѶϢ΢΢ɳһ
ػߴˣҪԪ½ǹˮƲ̫ķˡֻҪػߵˮͱضҪ뿪Ԫ½ˮȻʥߣػߴǰûз


803 
ˮǿƣҲԲҹȻػԡ
ֻǣʥȻ΢ɳһίʵɲ
ڻԻżӪսѾӽβˣ˵һˮɱԻҲɢ
żӪһսкܴʧżʤˡ
͸½һźţʥҲ޷żҡ
ԤȻи֮ѡżҡżҵҲš
Ϣ簵̾󣬼鿴Ѷʯ
ʲô
ˮɱ
̤ʥ
µһѶϢˡ
ʧվԭأԶһƬհףĿȫȻǲš
Գɾʥˣ
̤ʥնɱʥ߹ˮ
Ƭ̺羪ѹֲ鿴һѶϢȷ
żˣԣ̤ʥս֮Ԫ½ȻԵʥ֮󣬱ǿȡ
ʥҲǵʾ۷ߣȻҲΪʥߡǣս׽Ԫ½ƺʹδµʥ߳֡ǲ˵µʥߡ
̸ôһϢ
øո뿪ʥǣ׼ǰǡ
֮УӵʥϢѶϢݺһͷ
Գʥߣɱ˹ˮ
紫ѶϢȥˣżϳѾΪƽأˮնɱȫȹżӪǵߣȫ
֮
֮ǡ
żˣ
ԵĻԻˣɹ˹żң
̫ˡ½ߴңھʣˣãõúܣЦ
׵ȻҲһֱעһսʼգϣԵĻԻܻܹżҡڵõȷеϢȻ֣ޱϲá

Ϣȷ𣿡֮Уʡ
ѾȷϢѾ½̫ƫƧõϢʱ䣬ǱȽˣƵͷĿо˸
Եˣˡꡣ
ǰʱҲãԵ޷ɹż̫ǿˡȴ벻սôͽˣҹżҳ׸𡣡
ԵǿߡƣٽϢٳǣ߾¡΢Ц˵
ţд⣡Ƶͷ
ҲдѶʯڶٳɱīʱ򣬴ӹīϵõĴѶʯڶٳǳԣƿͨѶʯҴһѶϢ
ʱ򣬾ŻԻ˵ĳԱӹżҰ˿ʥǡ
һ·ϣȥٵʱ䣬鴬ٶȻ࣬һĵʾȫлҪһЩ
º󣬲ŵִʥǣԻ͵
ʥˣԻ͵ӭӾԡ
硢õˣ򵥵ĺһ
֮󣬱㿪ʼսƷ
һżңԵõԴһ֣ԣ޷ʱڣԴļֵ
ЩԴԲ̡ܶڴս֮ǰԾ˵õԴóһ룬ָ˵ĳԱ
Ȼ̤ʥ㾰Բ£Ҳû˸Ǿԣûиı뷨ᰴյԼսƷ
޴Ĺ㳡ϣһĺĳԱվһߣ˵ĺļվһߡ
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805 ҵη
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ԵĻ˵֮ʹһƬ
ɫҲһ⼸ɻѧԺĳϣȷʵʲôö
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ǿȻѾ޿ɾҩˡ֮ûӿʼͶɱǿҪ뿴ǿǲĸڿǿȷʵϧ
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ۣǿı飬ûüֱ仯ӡѾ£Դĵϡá
ǿʬ壬ĵء
ֱʬײڳˣŶӦ
㡭Ҷ֣ҳ첨𾪵ŭ


815 
һǿڳУ˸߷ˣ
ҳ첨Ъ˹ŭ
ɻѧԺԺԼϵˣһžԡ
Ī볤ӰһΣǱŵһ¡֮ǰΪԻóʯ⳥ңȴ벻Իһǿ
ֿǿǿϡãĲˣ
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Ԫ
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Ժ
㿴ˣ㶼ˣСɱǿɻѧԺ֮ɱ˵ġգһϣɻѧԺסСȻ󽻸ҡУŮҲץ첨ԼûаնԸԣԷɻѧԺԺ
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룡Ҳ
Ժδ˵ʲôԵĿѾ첨󵭵˵仰
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һǿ֮𾪣ΪԾȻɱǿһ첨𾪾Ͳǵ⣬ǶԾԵʵ𾪡
첨ǵ龳ھߣھǰȴǺ赲ǾǺεΪ
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ǺǣҿϻҲʲôöǲҲأ˵ǲҺܶôתĿԺϣЦ˵
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Īֱӽе񱭵ݵǰ
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Īһ
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ಣ
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峤Ǹɫ۵ߣǾԡߵĺŮӣһͬǰġ£ǶʶָܳһʯԱߵľԵˣ˽˵
һС֣ɱȻûһƣҴϣԪһ˫۾ݺݵĶžԡ
֮ǰѾ֪ԣǵʦߣʱֱӾͳȥֻɱˡ


817 
ɻѧԺԺ峤˵ʱڰɳһ
֮ǰһֱľԻܣû¾ԡþ뿪ɻѧԺֻұضҪɻѧԺһ
ˣδþԣȫˡ
峤Ժ峤˹֡
Ժ峤Ҳ
ɻѧԺԺɲ峤ݲ˵ԺҪȿǼ峤һЩ
峤λִµѣǿүִ֮ǰһЩᡭԺ龭һ顣
ʵϣҲ֪峤϶ʼĩڱϣҪһ顣ǱȽϿ͹ۣûƫ˭
Ժһʣ
ڷɻѧԺ֮ڣѵһߣǿɱ˵𣿡峤Ժ
ȻԣԺü
ǰ֮ǰҲѧԺ֮ڣɱѧԺڲˡ֪㶼ѧԺڲѧԱ໥ִ㶯֡ڣôأɱ˵ˣȻ̸ЦĪʲôһ֪ģ峤۾
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ⲢҪԭֵǣôȴǼӦӡɢܡ
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818 
Ф־졯
ԵˣôͻȻӢҼȻ˹ӢΪʲôûȥǵ˷ɻѧԺ
һ֮Ф־˼άŴŻָͬʱеĺȴȫ쬵ġ
λ˵ͣȷʵ󣬲ʮꡣФ־ȾԵࡣɾԵǺε
ʥĵԻ˵һֵ˿ȵĵʥػԻ͵ҪǣλˣʵʵĴŻԻ˽ߴ֮һĹżҸˡ
Ϊ½Ŀ֮һФ־Ȼ֪Щص顣
ˣˣ쿴¾ҳԱ̫ˣڷɻѧԺȻɱˡˣһҪΪ峤Ф־ǼûФ־ı仯
ˣǾԻҲҷ
ߣʮӣҲڿǰɱˡ
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ûУɻѧԺԺҲúúôôȻԸǾԳ֣
ڶ೤ϣĽ̸԰׵ϣҲָһЩѪɫǣ鶼׺Ŀٴ¶׹⡣

λǹӢĿҪСˣҹϵǳܲ׷Ź¡Ī볤ھߣ˵
Ӿչֳɱ龳ߵʵĪھǰûκд̬ˡ˼òᣬ˼ҵʵɱԼǿöࡣ
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819 
ɻѧԺԺˣеͷƤ顣
˴ʱǵȻףоԵߣΪߣż产˵ݱ
ѵʥʥĵ
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ҰǷȥ
·ϣ߷뾰ϸ˵˹ڹùõ
߷ĹøǿһȽϴ᳤̻׮
߷Ĺø͹ùãԸ߷ãͦչ˵ģöһֱܺáҪȻ˿Ҳ޷֮·
ǣ߷õһЩãҲǸ߷ùõĶŮǣԸ߷ЩżЩãΪ߷öϼң˷̫Դ
Ե߷ãϼڣûܰۡ
£òͷ
ȻܵżҲʲô£Ҳˡ
ؼǣڸ߷ﵽ˳޵Ĺùã͸һżңżһǿһ塣߷ĹùΪ߷ܼ޹ȥǲԸ߷кܴôƼҲͬкôǸ壬ƼҰǵĵλȻˮǴߡ
߷ȴ޹ȥգĵ뿪ҰǣǳˡЩ꣬һֱⴳعҰǡ
߷˵ЩҲȫˣ֪ΪҰǣ߷ıЩȻ
߷Щ֪Ĺùá
ǣĹùñϾöиĶ飬Ӧȥ̽οڻҰǵ
һʱ˾͵Ұ֮⡣
鴫ԿǰɫĳУ̾˵
һſŸʵĲֱ濴Ľѿѹ֣½ϵߣҰǶôƳ硣
뿤Ǻ󣬾̲ס̾һ
ƽĶۣҰǣԪ½ϣг֮ĳˡ
ˣϼլԺȥ
ʱŴһЩǻȴǽŵļ
ӳ㿴ֱһģһһŻ񣬶ӳ˵
ţȷʵһܾܿǾԴˡӳ˵ͷǼųţȥ£
ǣڻӦ
Ƕӳ첽뿪ſȥ
ҰǣɲǹӢСܱȵġڿ֮ۡڣʮλĵ
Ļÿ֧飬ҲеǵĻκһʮλĻԵеҰʱǶܺܿϳȻڵһʱˡ
ڣ
˵ʲô
ƾԵ˵ҰǣҰǵĿӳϢʱ΢΢һ¶֮ɫ
ؿˣ뻭϶ԱȣȷʵǿߵҾã˰˳ɶǾԴˡҲס˵
λԴ˴ʱںδæʡ
ˣΪǻɶԷǾԴˣԲҸ١ھԴڿںδҲͷ˵
ţûǾԴˣǸضᱻ֡Ūãȥ̽Դںδ̽ϢҡԻԸ
ǾԵߣǾԵôȥӭ
ǿǾԵ˰
ԵȻʥʮκһԻ˵ǿޱȵǿ󰡣żҶˡ
Ӧȥ

๫ϼˣ߷;ԣվһլԺǰ߷˵
լԺ
ϼҵ˿ڲ࣬ǰĻϼֻһСС塣˺ʹӡȫҲˡ
߷Ĺø׮һͷԵˣǰңһֵҰ̻ᣬ侭츳ߡ
ǽȥɣЦЦһЩùòӭǣ뿪ˡֲҪǵԴ
ţס߷˵ͷϻָЦݡ


821 
ϼլԺȻ󣬵Ҳ൱ܡ
լԺ֮ǰһֱͦ˾Զǵ龳Ϊ
Ժ͸߷߹ȥ
һϳ˸߷߷ϼҵʱϼҵĻ
Ժ͸߷ˣլԺ֮С
սԺӣһͷȫߣ߹
ܼҴˣ߷Сˡ˵
ߣϼҵĹܼңѾܴˣȡ
үү߷ߣĽһ
С㣬㣿ԹܼŸ߷
Ұүүࡣ߷۽΢΢Щʪ
߷ϼҵʱ򣬵ԹܼҶԸ߷ܺãԸ߷͸չãΪүү
߷ԶǣүүܻὫһЩʯö˵龰
ǷС㡭ԹܼҲ΢΢˾ͺã˾ͺðС㣬һߣʮ갡
ƽһ֮󣬵Թܼҿԣλүǣ
үүãҽоԣǷ๫ҲΪеĶԵԹܼ˵
Ӹ߷ԵԹܼҵ̬ȿ֮ĸӦúԾҲ߷һƵԹܼΪүү
˺ܲСӣߴˣȻȢСôõŮӡԹܼҶԾԵͷ΢Ц˵
߷϶ʱ¶֮ɫ
˺ˣС㣬Ҵȥˡ֪ˣǿ϶ǳˡЩ꣬˲֪ǰ߶ٴΡԹܼҽ˵
լԺ󣬲һ˾һɵıԺ֮С
Ǳˣ
ֱŵģ˵Ѿͷܸʲôң趼˲ã㻹ܸɵʲô
Բ𡭡ˣҡҲǹģ
ҳȥҾķ
Ժڣ
ǹùã߷Ժڴ˵һ䡣
ЦЦ߷ĹùãȷʵȽӡˣȺ˱Ժ
ˣԹܼҶԺŻĸ˼
ͬʱһװŮҴҵС뿪Ժ
ԺеĸˣǸ߷Ĺùø߻ۡ΢۲һ£߻۵òȷʵ߷мơ
Թܼҡ߻۵Ȼס
һ˲䣬Ŀ⣬˸߷ϣıסĿЩš
߷ʧ˳ʮ꣬ͻȻǰЩ޷ţҲ˵ʵ߷ôѶø߷͸չãѾȥˡ
ˣСˡԹܼ˵һ
˵仰󣬵ԹܼҾĵ˳ȥ
С㣿߻ܵ͡
ùãһˡ߷ߵ߻ǰ¶һ˿΢ЦôˣùûôƯء
Ѿͷ˵Щߣ㻹֪
˵ô궼ȥˣأչǸСӣģ߻۵ͷˡ
Ȼȫûж⣬߻۵۾ڣˮҲڳӯһס߷˫֡
Ҵû߷Ʋ˵
ûûǰɣСӣ̫ûˣȻҳߡߣģҵݺݳһ١߻۵ټ졣
Ŀ⿴ԡ
Сλǣ߻۵üͷԡ
ùúãǾԣǷ๫æ˵
߻Ķ˾ֽۣĿ⿴߷
ͺãСһҲˡУҲɣ˵ãôϢˣ˵Ҫǳ£ôǸ׽߻صĸ߷ġ
߷￴˾һۣ˫üšһš
ҲΣֻһԿš½ʥԻ˵ʱ˿̣Ҳ֪˵һЩʲô
Թܼңȥ̻ү߻۸һ䡣
ǣԹܼҵӱԺ⴫
֮󣬸߻ø߷;Խ˱Ժ£ѯʸ߷Щ궼ôġ
ھԣƺֱˡ
Ҳó߷ĹùãƺЩԼ̫ӡΪչ˸߷ӣûȷֳ
лУʱҲ÷ɿ죬˰ʱ֣߷Ĺø׮żҴҵĽԺ
׮һȥͱȽϳȣһʡԾԣǱȸ߻ۿܶࡣ
С㲻Ƕ𣬿ɰùüˡܾãһֱûκϢǶΪ磬Ѿˡ磬ߵģһЩ㲻⣬ǣΪҪľأ׮ͳ˵
ʱ򲻶£ùùáøǷˡ߷ͷ˵
ȥģͲ˵ˡ˻˾ͺã߻۵׮һ۵
Ǻǡ׮ЦЦ
үˣѾ׼ˡʱ򣬵Թܼҽ˵


822 Сط
ϼլԺķ䣬ʱƻͨ
ģڷŰɫʯ
֮ϣ;߶СڳܣжŮź
Ժ͸߷׮һͬ½
²ãһһŮʮҵҲȺ˽
߷ãҸո˵ϢЩšڿ㣬ǸˡţǰһôƯߣĿ⿴Ÿ߷ܴ˵
Ǹ߷һ磬Ͽ׮͸߻۵Сӡ
硢㣡߷վ
Ҳվ߹΢Цŵ˵ͷ
Ͽ̣Ƕ£׮˵
߷㣬ֽ̣׮˵СŮ
׮ĸӣյֻˣĿǰҰǡ
Թܼңϲ˰ɣѵ룬׮ԸԹܼϲˡ
ԹܼӦһһĲȷ׷ױ
߷뿪Ǽңʮ˰ɣɨһ۸߷
ǵģ߷ͷ
뿪ôãôͻȻˣʮûѶǶΪѾءһ
̣ô˵ģ׮üǳһ䡣
ֻЩһԾˣ˵ңĸףൣ̶һ졣
Һ͸粻¡߷Ǹ˵
ˣȥ飬ͲҪˡ߷Ĺùø߻۵һۡ
Ǻǣʵ߷֮һ뿪ҲΪĸסҪĸףø߷ü޸λӣÿ϶᲻ǶġϿЦ˵
Էɣϲӣȥ飬ȥɡ׮˵
˿ʼԷ
ãλǣôҲһ£ԷУֽĿھϡ
Ǿԣı÷򡣡߻˵һ䡣
Ҳ⣬Ȼǲ̫⡣Կ϶Զλӵġ
ңҰǵĴ壬ȻǶģҲҵڶݶӡܼңǶãŮζأ
߷ã㶼˰Щŵĵɴ۾
ǵģ㡣߷˵ͷ
Ҳܿó߷㣬ϵã̶ཻѯʵʱ򣬸߷ż򵥵ĻӦһ䡣
ϲϲ㵹Ǳҳ硣ԲԵֿԣ÷ǿ㣬ɱλӺÿˣѹֱܿء
ɲô˵úÿʲôãСǣҹԺռүж٣Ͽ˵
⵹Ҳǣңҿܻѡҹӳס̵Դ̾Ϣһ˵Ϊ߷еϧ
ԴʱףΪε߷ϼңżˡ
̺ϿˣȻʲôƲ硣
˵ЩĻԵҲ̫⣬һֱŵЦݡô˵߷Ҳϼҳģ׮򸾣ĿǰҲǲˡ
ҲûбҪ̡ϿСƽôࡣһҰǣҲ̫ã죬͸߷ͻ뿪
÷򣬲֪ˣ̲ûоʹյ˼ֶԾѯʡ
ˡЦ
һСǰɣҲ˵
ţڴ½ϣȷʵǱȽСĿǣʷҲȽ϶̣ǧʷϿһԽӿ˵
÷ǵˣ̼Ŀ¶ʡ
ǣǵһСеˡٴλӦ˵
ŶεҰǣǿʲôأһת
ҰǺƯ˵
ȻҰǣǲǴͱöҰǵķӿɲءһСլԺҪʮʯ̶žԵ
úͱ÷Ұҿ԰æϵլӡڼ۸񣬾Աг۵һЩϿ˵
˵䣡úͱ÷ԺסϼլԺ﷿ô࣬˶һЩ֡߻˵
ɫʱ
Ը߷ȷʵһֱ̫ϲ߷ϼңȷʵϣϼҲٵԴϲ߷ҪԭǸ߷ò
߷Ưˣܼʡ
һθ߷žԻԾȻӢо͸ӲʹˡԣѯʾԵ˴һ¸߷ѯʾԺ͸߷ǲǴҰǶӣ޷ǾϲһŰˡ
ùòطˣҺͷܿͻ뿪ҰǵġЦŶԸ߻˵ֿ̣ˣҰӡ


823 
Ұǿ
̽ˣĿк޵ļ֮ɫ
ȷˣλƾԵˣǽҰ᳤̻׮լԺܹܵͷ
Ժ͸߷ҰǣӳϱϢ˲̽ϢԵ֮
鱨תҪԺ͸߷ȥⲻ¡˵Ժ͸߷Ҳûп١һ·ߵϼլԺ·ϵ˶ǡ
ţǾԴˣǾԴҰǣǿܵˡܹܣ֪ͨ峤һϣ֮ҴһͬȥϼլԺ˵
ԵҰĿȷʵκδ⡣
ҪҰΪ¡ءΪҰĴ󿤿Եԡ
ǣܹӦȥ

ϼլԺڣϯϡ
СλɲˡԺǾҰǣøһЩġƯõöࣿ߻˵Ҫ͸߷뿪Ұǣü߷
Сù˵öԡҲ֪һֽҰ̻ᣬ̻ᷢչҲҪҪԴ϶⡣ҪԴֻܿڱǡ׮Ҳ˵
ĸĻ϶ʱ¶˵ɫǿ߷վˣѾˣ͸ûʲôֵˡ
ãΪʲô磿뿪ʱ򣬾ɱҸߡѾ۷ˡŸ߷žӸ̬ʡ
ߣ㻹˵˶ԴнΪСû뿪һֱ¶̤龳ˣ׮ɨһۡ
߷Цһ
߷Цһɣ߷ãЦʲô
ûûʲô߷ҡҡͷ㣬ҵѾǵʦˣ
˵ʲô
ʦʲôЦ̼е
СҲѧ˵ЦˡϿһЦ
߷˵ԼǵʦߣȷʵšҪ֪ҰЩӵܣڸ߷ͣҲҲʦĴڡ
߷Ưʮ̤꣬ʦ
ǲܵ顣
߷Ĺùø߻ۣȻҲţһıͿԿó
ûЦȷʵǵʦ۷ߡЦ˵һ䡣
̵ˣ˷ۡ
⻹Ǹҿ亣ڰʦ۷壿ǲǾֻһ֮ң
ҰǵĿҲǵ۷߶ѡ˶ˣ߷Ŷͣ
Ǿԣʲô磿ƲƲ죬ʡ
ҪܴţƤ
ҵΪȷ߳١ԵЦ˵
ʥҲĿǰԪ½ϣΨһʥߡûֱ˵˵̵Ҳš
׮üУЩɫ
ȻҲþſڿӡ֮ǰԾԻǱȽģܾʲôݱûԺյļǶǹؼҪǣ߷￴˾ԣҲ㹻ˡ
ڣоԵˣȻ˺ʴʡ׮ԽĿǣԵƷǲˡ
ԵĻ̺Ͽ̲סЦ
ү
ʱ򣬵ԹܼҴ첽˽
Թܼңʲô£׮Թܼҡ
үˣԹܼұŹ˵
ղŻ˵˵ţЩţȷ֮󣬲һƽ׮

ҰǵĿˣ׮һ㶣Ծ
׮Ұ̻ȻģѾСˣҰ֮ڣ׮Ҳͷˣ뿤֮䣬Ҳǲ˺üΡƽʱѶҲǺܴģȥܼܲÿûʱ䣬ûм顣
ɽô£
ˣȻˣ
߻Ҳסŵ׮
̺Ͽˣ¶ܼɫ
룡׮̾ͽкһתҪȥӭӡ
ǣһĿˣǲʧ׮˵
߷һۣЦЦ
ʱܲµҰΪϼңӦ֪Լ˵ҰԿ϶ǲȥӭӵġҲ׮˽ʲôһȥҲûʲô󰭡
һˣƵ߳䣬Ŷȥ
ϼլԺƬʱ䣬Ե˾͵ǰ
׮ͻȻӿŲɿ߳Ժš
Ժ⣬ٴεıסˡǰģȷʵҰˡڿ֮󣬻һʮˡ


824 ˼
׮Ȼϵÿˡ
ԣʱȫµˣЩȫҰǴ峤һλݶԶ֮ϡ
Щϼʲô
߻۵ˣҲլԺţͬҲĿɿڴ
ôĳ棡ԿЩˣ΢΢ü
ԭΪֻҰһ˹ˣſܹ֮ˡȴû뵽ڿ֮󣬻ôһˡЩ˵װϵϢӦöҰڵĴ΢תԴžжϳЩ˵ݡ
ˣ
λ峤׮ѹæ
ʱ׮ҲģΪȫ֪ô£Ϊϼңⲻ
߷Ĺùø߻ۣԼãҲսսĹ
׮᳤ǱǸôšҰɫ˵
һ׮ӿ̬ȿܹӦòʲô¡
̣ĵŭĿɨ˾Ժ͸߷һۡ
ȻԺ͸߷ûжԿ˼ܲˡЩ˾ȻվһĲںǿɶ񡭡һɫûСΪ˵ı֣ÿ˲ˣӶϼҲǺɾͺˡ
޷޷˺͸λ峤л̿֡׮˵ˮƽ
ѹ֣ܽҰ̻ᾭӪĹģ
ЦЦ
Ŀ⿴վ׮˺󷽵ľԺ͸߷Ȼһ
֮ȫȷԷǾԵˣʥĵԻˣߴҹżҵ뺷
ҰԴˣף˵
ڶ峤񣬼ĶҲȷǸɫۿƺߣǾԵ
ԴˣһȺˣȫĶһ
׮ɵˣ
߷Ĺùø߷ͬԲ۾
̺Ͽãľ
Դˣ
߷๫ǽо
񣡡԰ڰ˵
һڣ׮˾ȷϼլԺˣǸ߷๫ԣǴӿʼûߡ
ˣŶֱ
øȻˣǶȥ˵ɣԽ˵
վլԺǰ϶ǲסǻȥǾЩ̫ˣ˼ר̹ݷãܲܽ˼ƨɡ
ңᣬҲܰһ׮Ұ̻ᡣ
ԶԶԡˡλ峤룬룡׮ҲӦ
Ŀ΢΢һ׮һۡ
ղžԵǳ׮ΪøϵԵҰǺֱӾ͵ϼլԺϾ˹
Ժ󣬿ϼҺҰ̻ᣬöˡ
ˣϼҵլԺӿ뵽֮ǰԵ˳ԷĿ֮ڡ
̺ϿˣľȻĸȺ󷽡
˴ʱľˡȻȷԵʲôݣӿ˶ԾԵ̬ȿǾǷͬһ㡣
ǰȴԾԺ͸߷̬ȡ뼰ˣǾ͵
ǵȻ֪߷;Զû˵󻰡߷˵ԼǵʦߣǱضġھԣǿǳԽĵʾǿߡ
򣬿Ϊô
ҲһʶģȻԷֱó˶ԾԵĹװģľη
׮᳤е㲻˼뷿Ľ׮һԣ˵
ʲô׮΢΢һ㶡
˵㲻˼ղžԴ˽øҿˡ뾰Դݣ֮ǰȻһڷ綼û¶˵ǲǲ˼˵
׮Ҳ
ھ֮ǰ֪Լôһݰ
׮һĿЦ˵ˣ֮ǰȷʵǲ֪߷ֶŮʮûԴ߷ΪҲǸող֪˵֮ǰǶΪԴ˾һͨߣ
׮᳤һֶŮп
ˣλԴˣǡ׮ԾԵݣޱȺ档
վԼ˵ˡǣôôߵߣ
׮᳤λԴˣʥһλȻݲʥУΪϣԴˣӦǵʾ۷塣Ҳд˵Ѿ̤ʥס͵˵
׮оԼ࣬ƺҪӺĳ
ʥ
׮˵ֱǴ˵вŴڵġδԼܼʥĵ
Ȼ˵Եǵʾ۷Ϊʥ
ʥʲô׮֪˿϶޵ķʸȻô˵ˣȷʵкܴĿܡ
ʥߣԼΪø


825 
ָоͺԼΣ
ڵβԹַܼԸ˰һЩΡ
֮󣬴ҲŶ
Ժ͸߷׵λá׮͸߻λõģ׮˼ƴǡ
ãλȻûʸֻΧվš
һ̸
ϽҰǽҰһЩϻ㱨
Щ峤һչֳķǷȫû졢˼ľ
Щˣ˽ӽʱŸˡ
ҲȷԼվͻ뿪Ұǣʱ򲻻֪ͨҲҪͱ
ߺ׮򸾣һ㶼ɲȻ߷ǵֶŮ߷;ԶûмӣǻǲκεдСġ
̺ϿΪˣǾη̬ǰ֮öҺˡ
Ժ͸߷ϼҴ죬׮͸߻۵
ȻҲ˲ϼҪԴͨʯѰԴϼҵǲȱԸǵģʯԹġ
ҲǣǶԸ߷չõĸ֮顣
Сˣ
ǰ벻СȻ뾰Դˡ
˭˵ǣҺõСûĻ޸λӡ
׮򸾣Ŀ;ȥ
뿪Ұ󣬾Ժ͸߷㿪ʼضٳǡ
ػ߳ԼһޣѾԽԽˡ
صٳǣŸ߷ֹ£վò߷롣
ͬʱҲ븸׾¼ϵ𡣾¼֪ҪԨҲ뾰һȥջǱȰ˵ڶٳǡ
¼ȻѾǵʾߣΪԨǱȽΣյġֻڻǻ˵ɾҪԨȥľסġ
¼Ҳ֪һ㣬ͬ˾Ե֪뾰һԨǿܻԷģΪԵ׸
֮󣬾Ե˵뵤֮ǳ׵ͬʱҲǺ;ҡ
󣬾Իصʥǡ
ԻԻ͵ԻһЩȻ뿪Ԫ½ǻԻ͵ҪתԻȻܽɢ
ʥ͵ǵ֧֣˵תҲû̫⡣
ý飬ȥԽʥʥ硣
Ե׼ʮǰԨʥ֮Уֻ硢ú;ˡ
Ҵվͳ˵
ţһһ죬𲻴󡣲ԵȻʥߣԨǵСһЩԨ壬һЩʥġʥ߱뿪Ԫ½Ԩʥȴûơ˵
סЦЦʥߣ򲻹һǿܵġҵٶȣֻʥߣҲ׷ϡ
ǰնɱôʥ֮Թûмʥ߰Χ֮Уǰ
˵ڵԨʥߣҲûս֮ǰôСĽһЩⲻ̫
ţ֪ЦЦҲ֪Եٶȼֲ
ˣԨ󣬿ȥԨаݻһܴ֪˲֪ϢܵõѩϢת˵
Ҳ֪ѩ
ԨҶΪȥˣѩһ˽ԨţɲһеġѵõǣѩһŮˡ
۾
һξԽԨΪż׷ɱԲò㵽ԨȥԣҲȥԨС
ʱԲ֪żȫôӴԨҵԼġǺҲµˣȫܾͨԨеõԼĴλá
ţһȥݷģ۵˵ͷ
һߣǿܾͺ֮ˡԪ½ʥҲ㾭ԨЩп
Ǻǣټһ졣Цһ
仰е⣬Ҳûж˵ǣԼΪܹػ߳ʱٻصԪ½
磬ΪȭͷǾ㹻ĻȨ
ػ߳Ҳˡ
ԵһҪȥĻҾͲ˵ˣܹܳžԣֿ˵
ţܹܣҲذԹɵ

գһˣ뿪ʥǣԨٷжȥ
һ󣬾ԱԨƬ·ǰɫĵ
վڽ紦ϿգתٴĿԪ½һۡ
һģģһаת


826 
ಣ
ɫӰԨʿٻ
ɫĳգԵøľס
һƬԪ½ƶ֮ءͨߣҪ棬ȷʵһ֮¡
ԨҲԪ½ҲϡвٵʾߣϲԨðѰ溱ĸֲϡ
Щðգȴֵã
ԨУ
֮ϣǰɫĳС
˵Ԩв󣬵λȴΪ⡣ԨΨһŵˡȻԨҲɽԴľۼء
£Բ뷻С
һ֮УڶһʱΪż׷ɱ֮УֻǴҴҸԼһЩԴ뿪ûüúù۲С
խֵԲլԺȥ
֮ǰȻ֪լԺλã֮ⷻڣ˶֪е΢ѯһ£Ҳ֪ˡ
ԲδߵլԺͣ
۾վԭأǰ߹ļӰ
ۻϢԶˣа
ӽ뷻֮ļˣȻǾģϢǿһˡΪ׵һˣãԷܿʥߡ
֮פ㣬ȻΪԷϢ
ǣԸоһ˵Ŀ꣬ӦþԼ㹻ǿ󣬸֪ȫͨߵ֪˵˲ڰĿԼͣƬ̣Զܸоõ

Ԩеˣ
Ҫȥ
һЩߣ׷ײĿ߹ļˡЩ֮뾰Զʡ
ˣ
λǾھ뾰ʮ֮ĵطͣļˣҲפ㣬Ŀžԡ
Ǿԡ΢Ц
ԶˡĳʧԶӭԹ˹֡
̫ˣҸս뷻вã͵õϢԣȻ٣֮ǰһϢ̶ֳͨȣˡҲֻӦ
ɷˣǷ֮֮ⷻУȷʵܿƵס˷УǾͲˣԶ뾰ȡЦ˵
˵̫㣬뵽һΣ뾰ԡ
д⣡Եͷ
룡΢һĶ

˭
֪úܣòᡣ
ţڷ֮ãҲûʲôӡ󡣵Ȼô
ǰլԺɲһܹõһδ˵ôԶӭӡ
ҸղΪ
ҲˣλѵԨĳԱ
ǣĴ岢࣬ÿһҶ֪ûվģ
ھԺ뿪󣬽ֵϾۼߣȻĵ̸
Щۼߣ࣬Ҳ塣
Ϊ֮ǲɱģʱ䳤ˣҲϤԣ壬ʱ䣬Ҳܺƽദ壬˺ܺõѡ
ԺһˣլԺһ֮ڣ뾰¡
һԨУ֪Ϊ£ĳܰæĵط뾡ܷԸ̬ȿ˵
ȻֻԨߺͶĿԲ
Ԫ½Ĵ£Ҳһ
ҪȻôȥӭӾԣȻ֪Ѿʥߡ
ʥߣȻͨ⡣
ʱǺƽ
ʵϣ֪̺ҲǷǳ𺳡
Ҳ֪ڽӽʮǰʱоԵ߽ԨСʱԱż׷ɱֻһʦûдﵽߡ̶̲ʮʱ䣬ԾȻͳɾʥ
̫ˡ
õЩϢʱҲǾþòƽ
Խ뷻УϢһʱ䴫ݹ̾;ҪȥӭӾֻʮȴΪǿߡ
ȷʵһ£Ҫ鷳Ц˵
ֱóһŻֱ΢΢һӣķɵǰ
֪ڻŮӵϢԿ۾˵
ϵˣȻǰѩʱ䣬ѩ뿪Ԫ½ԨҲнʮʱˡ񣬶ûκεѶԼҲ޷ȷѩǲǻš


827 ɳ
ѩԨ֮ʱʦΪǣֻһ龳ߡ
龳ߣԨȥѶȿ֪
Ҳֻаϣѩš
е˺󣬲ɵ˵ͷŮǾģֻҪԨУұܲ̽һЩصϢ
ԹֵлҪٳֻͣ˵
ܰﾰһС£ҵҡʲôģ뾰ҪᡣЦһ˵
һ˹䣬˿뿪
żѾԸȥҲҪһ׼ŮûҵԨУҲͲϢ˵
ףܲܲ̽ϢҶмİ΢΢ͷ
ЧȷʵߣҲǼǿ
ֻ˲ʱ֮ǰ뿪˱ȥߵ˼䣬ͬʱһŻ񽻸
˫üȴ΢
ȷǣҪҵŮӣԨУǾһԨºۼڣȴЩҿ϶ҪҵŮӣûнԨСЩ˵
˻⣿ʡ
ȿŻ񡣡ĻԪƵǰ
ԵĿ⣬Ȼ˳ƿȥ
⡭Ȼһ
ŻϵŮӣ뾰óĻŮӣòȫͬ˵ϣȴȫһԣҲܿ϶ǾһˣҾãҪҵ˺ܿڽԨˡ²
ʵ˵ԼҲܿ
ĻŮӣȷʵѩΪơֻòȴͬ
ѩԨݣֿԺܴ󡣰ѩò˫Ԫ½ãɵԨòٵΣձضࡣ
䣿Զ˶٣תЩڴʡ
ŮʮǰԨУͣ˰ʱȥҵҲ׷ٹ۲һʱ䣬ûд©ӦǰԨˡΪ࣬ԨҾŵĿԺܵ͡ʵǵ˵
ĻҲ΢΢һ
֪Ĵǣתʵ
Ůӣֽаѩ֮ԽԨΪҵԵʣĪ顣ԣһԨȥֻ֮һĿţҶҪҵ˵
ҪԨҵǻ԰һСæԨĵͼ͸һݡ˵ţóһɢɫεľ
ͼǴ洢֮ڡ
Ԩͼھ˵Ȼźܴ洦ԾҲûоܾ˾ڴ洢ĵͼˣԨĵԼ֣Ҳ˴ŵ˽⡣
ԨĹ󣬱Ⱦ֮ǰԤϣҪöࡣ
ӵͼϢԨԪ½Ҫʮ
ͬʱԨҲĻңɱԪ½յöࡣԪ½ʥƿߣ½ΪʮſǣҲʥ£ʥһǡ
Ԫ½˵һзȵĵط
Ԩȴûκηȣǿʳﵽ˼¡
ԨϷΪͻ֮ء
ԱȻ֮أһЩһЩǿźͼѿأôһЩءǻ֮ءֻɱ
þ΢΢һǣ˳ҵıǡ
֪Լĸ׳ǣԨһȽļ塣͵ĵͼ֮Уһңңɳ֮ڣɳһǳǿļ塣
ֻǣҲ֪ͼڱǵĳңǲԼĸڵļ塣Ҫȷ»ҪԼɳС
գǣ뿪ԨС
ˣΪҪǾ˿뿪һɻ󲻽ѯʡ
ԾԵ̬ȣǶơԳӭӣѰ̽ϢһݼԨܵͼ͸˾ԡ
ɲǣƽʱµķ
ǲģҡҡͷ΢С
ԣɲһʥߣյϢԼһǰͽΪʥֱڣ뿪Ԫ½¡
⾰ԣ̤ʥ󣬻Ԫ½һꡣ
ûһ£߽ɾʥͱ뿪⾰ԣȴܴһ֮ã˵ʲôػߣΪζ⣿Ƿ΢Ц


828 
ԾǰȷʵԼĿڡ
ݣҲҪԾһ½ʥ˵̬
Ԫ½ȷʵѾܾúܾûʥ߳֡Ǻεս֮ǰѾԾ֮ˡ
δֱӲ뵽ս֮Уû㹻ʵ֮䣬׬ȡߵĺô
ڣȻʥǿߴ򽻵ЩʥǿߣȻҲȽϿȴԲƽ޹ʺİǡ
΢һ㲦ЩҲ˴ţȻĵͷ
ڽʥ󣬻Ԫ½һ꣬ԲûԭġϣضһЩѰ֮ػ߶ҪԴĲ֮뾰Խãĳ档

ϼ
ϼҲԨ֮һϼΨһһ뻺
Ҳ˵ӻԨһҪ򣬾ͻϼ
ʾߣԨѰ䱦ҪĿĵأϼΧ
ʣһǲ̫ϼġϼΧΣճ̶ȵǵһЩ
Ͼ֮ڣʾߣҲǻʵĸ֡
һ֮ڣʾߣҲ̫ࡣ
ϼΧѰԴСһЩҲǺ׾ʾ֮ϵߡ
ڵʾ֮ߣǶʣвɱҲռݾϷ硣ɱעҲڵһʱܿߡ
ϼţ
ţϼһȽϴš
֮УźͼʵǰƷ֡
֮УǿΪһƷСƷƷ֮£ǲ
һƷ٣ÿһ򣬶ֻһƷ
ţΪƷϼӰС
ŻһΪĵطǾǣŵľԸ߲㣬ԶŮԡ߽ţȻҲǿԵģҪΪ߲㣬ǼûκεĻᡣ
֮ǰŮߵĵλҪ߸߳ࡣ㶼ͨˣŮ˿ԵõԴҲҪ˶öࡣӶŵˣʵҪŮ˵ͳࡣ
ʱڣһɽ֮ϡ
ʮˣ
Ѿʮꡭ
һϮɫȹչھµŮӣ˫ü΢Ŀдһ˿ǳԶ
һлٻصԪ½һܡΪԱ𣿡֮Ůһ̾
ȹŮӣǰѩ
õϢѩ޷޷Ϣģһ˽ԨѰҾԵټԱ֮ʮһʱ䣬ѩҵ
ڻѰ˽ӽ꣬
ʧͱУģѩòܣѾȥʵ
֮󣬰ѩУҪΪԱͷ͸ǿ
صԪ½
ǿ϶ûκλԱġѩҲ֪żҵǿʱֻһ龳ߣôżҶԿ
ԣû뿪ԨصԪ½ǼԨֻԨܵõĻԵ
˺ܾúܾãҲܶΣգڻŽϼ
һż֮УŵصţΪӣָ
ѩ̿࣬ûͣЪʱİ£١
ֻһʱ䣬ʹӵ龳Ϊʦߡ֮ʱ䣬
ǰѩΪʾǿߡ
֮ҲţѡΪʥŮ
ʥŮ֮Уλ⡣̫ϳ֮£ʥŮĵλߵġǣλߵͬʱҲҪĴۡ
ǾǣʥŮʧȥɣһһŵļ֮¡
ѩҲܾΪŵʥŮ鵽һѾԼˡȻԸ⣬ɻǱȳʥŮ
֮Ҳͼʧȥ˰ŵĻᡣ
ʥŮˣ
ʱһѩŮ˹
ȥŮͷ˵
Ŷ֪ˡѩŮһۡ
վ뿪ʥŮ壬ֵһɽ塣
ǰѩʦ԰ѩһֱܺãѩҲܸмʦҲôʱڳΪʾߡ
ѩʦ԰ѩȷʵи飬һ̶ϣѩŮԴ֮ڣֻкܶ飬޷ġ
ʦѩһɫȹŮӼ
ѩˡȹŮӣѩȥɣѾȵЩżˡ


829 
λѩʦǰ棬дͶ
ʦĻѩͷ
һͬŵ
˽ʱŵĴˣ⼸ѩһʥŮѾ
ѩѩ߹ȥ
ʱѹѩѾд𣿡ѩûκα鲨ϣȴȻɢһ˲ҿܵѹ
ˡҲܴӦѩ΢΢԰ףҧ˵
˵ʲôȻ
󵨰ѩĪΥŵľüŰѩȵ
ǰѩҪΥţĲܼ޸ѩڲ
˵ܴͶϵѹȷʵʹࡣ
һˣ¸ûǸ졣ѹ£вԸҲ޷˵ڡ
ߣǲ֪ߵغŵľܿԸԸ⣿վڶߵһʥŮɨ˰ѩһۡ
ɣ࣬ʥŮݣҲǶ״ӡ
һֱͿѩ˳ۡ
ڰѩΪʥŮеĶʻʢˡѩʮʱ䣬Ѿӵ龳Ϊʾ˳ΪʥŮȻΪʹģǰѩò
ڰѩ֮ǰɣŵĵһŮڰѩźһŮĳƺţûκιϵˡ
ѩǴԪ½ࡣţн죿ܳɾ͵ʣҪΪ΢һ£ͲԸˣ㻹湻ģɣЦһ
˵Ƿϼǿ޸С檣Ҳûɣɣ˵
ѩջİɨɣһۡ
ȻôãɣʥŮô޸ѩ
ɣɫһ䣬Ŀһ˿ݡ
˵λΪŵʥŮܼ޸ԷС檣ȷʵҲûǣλòªޱȣһ۶˶ġУλײУ˵ÿ궼檣ȢϰŮǣЩ޸Ůӣ񻹻ŵȴʮˡ
ɣ࣬Ȼ޸һˡ
ڵʥŮĬԣǾͬѩҲʱΪѩ顣
ȻѩԸ⣬ǲٴӳ飿üһԿ˵
Էңֲǲ˽⡣ãţѡ𣿡ۿǶ֪ϵ˥Ĵ⣬ѵ㲻𣿡
Ȼ˼ֻǾã̬ȼһЩǷδؾͻʦһҪѩ޹ȥҲ
ˣҪˣɫġˣʱ򣬰ѩߣûء
УڣѩΪȷˣٽӡ
˵䣬ֱһӡ
ţ֮ڣһµӿŰѩֹȥ
Ҫѩ󾪣æ߶ԪҪֵ
ߣҷϢһзһȡ
µȻǿѩתԪ̼ڡ
ѩֻоһɱĺ⣬͸Լ塣䵽µĺ⣬˲ϢԼ
ţȻ֣ڵԪ޷תֺ
ʱͨ죬ûһ˿һԪʹá
ȫԽĴһɫҲޱȵĲ԰ס
úùܽӡʱڣԲܳκβڣ뿪ѩΪֶ˵
̾һεҡҡͷ
ѩ߰ɣ԰ѩ˵š
ͬʱסѩֱۣȥ
ѩңľȻʦ뿪Ѵ
ȻѾǵʾΪڴǰȻûκεֿοǽֱӽΪ
ѩȻҲ֪һܼǿʥ֮
ѩʦܣû취㡣߼䣬εĳ̾Űѩ˵
֪ʦˡѩӦ
Ҹ뿪ŵġĿ⿴Զ
ѩҲԶ˵ʣԪ½ķ
ӳȥ
ΪڣҪ뿪ţҲûһɵϣͨˣ͸ûκλᡣ
ƺѾûκοأֻܵǷҵڰţԼߡ

ϼ򣡡
ԪŨԪ½ҪŨö࣬ѹ֣߼ݡԷɳ˳ϼ


830 
ԨĻԴѷԪϡԪ½ࡣǣڽϼ֮ؼԪŨ̶ȴǴ䣬ֻǽٶȱضԪ½öࡣ
ҲˣԻоһ֮ϼķ֮ҪԪ½Ϊࡣ
̤ʥܹط֮ԷĸӦǿڸոսϼ򣬾Ծʶһ㡣ʥߣϼ֮Ǿ°빦
Ҫ֪ʥߵǿõķֱӵĹϵ
ʥԪ½ҪϼѶȸһЩ
أԨ֮ڵӦöˡ
Ҫһ˾ۼĵطܽһ취̽Ϣ
ϼΨһ뻺ѩԨһվضϼ򡣡ʣת
߾ۼĳУ˼ѩҲδ֪Ȼİ̾һ
Ҳ֪ҪʱҵѩĿԼ͡
Ԩ̫ˣϼ򣬶ԶԪ½öࡣʥΪҪҵѩ̸ף
ԾԲ
һϣԶ߾ܵѰȥ
ಣԼУϼ
֮
ǣ
֮ͣУԶ֮ϣŵĸ֡
⼸֣ȫڿУÿһ֣ȺͿȣ㳬ǧסÿ֮ϣһɵͷţ䷽Բ
ĸֵ·һӴĳС
ϼңһĳСǰӴС
ǣӦŵƿ֮¡ҵϢţϼĶƷţܴ֮λԶʥǿߡԣ֮ڣҲκδ⣬Ǳ˷ǴԪ½ߣŲӲѰ˼š
Ƭ̺󣬾˳뵽֮ڡ
ԨĳУԪ½ĳУһûг֮ĹٷģһԣеߣҲɱ٣̫֣Ҳǻġ
֮⣬ĵطҲԪ½ĳơڳڣҲǼ࣬ÿ춼˵ÿ춼ȥԵĵȻκ˵Ĺע
һЩʱ䣬ڳдԵĹһȦѡһ̫۵ӡ
룡
Ըս룬һ߹кԡ
ڣúܣʱΨһĿˡ
ڣǰڷ˲ٸƷ඼ǷٲǷֻȼ
ԽӣȻҪԵϣȻûйʥҲвǿõҲԶ羰һ
ˣҪ𣿡
ԵطˣңһƷҿԸ⣬ԲԿƶԾԣúܡ
Կһ£Ҳһͨ쾳ߡ
ӵ˿ڣֱʵ
ţԵѯʣ΢΢һ㶣λˣĪϵϰ壿
ƣڣҲ˲ꡣϰѣʶԣȻİúܡ
ԣѯӵ˺ı飬ʱ䵭
֮ǰʶϰ壬һҪ̸ЦЦ
ǺǣĪǿҪɣЦһ
С֮ڣ׵ɲ
˵֮ڣߺ١ǣЩߣôһƫƧСӣ
ԣȻڷȴǼûʽ
򡣡۾
ǿ˾ͲüϰˣҪͨǷҶ˵ѡڼ۸棬Ҳǿ۵ġ
ȻΪ֮Ҫϰ壬Ҫڹʱ򽲼۵ġ
ĿˣҲټ
һߣϲ̫ʯܽʡһһ㡣
ˣ
ϰ壬ȷʵһҪ̸ϰᣬһڵġԿŻ˵
˵ЦˣϰæġȻȻȥԼϰ
ҲεҡҡͷƻԽ
ûȻ˵֮꣬ǰȡһ㽫øϰ忴ȻæûʱңǾˡ
Ƽóһ΢΢һ¶׵ı飬ͬʱ˳ƽԵ˹


831 
ӻƼóһΪԴġ
֮ڣвҵոԴҪ϶ԴѡרҵϾڼ۸ԹƽһЩ
⡣
ӣҲͬոƷʵ
ǡʲôƷƽӹԵ΢жһ£ͳԾֹһ
ΪȷеȻǷϸϣַҲǷ
ѵǵ
ǵȷʵͲ̻ˡ
˾һۣԵȣ
첽ڼ䡣
ϰ壡
ʲô£Ҳǽ㣬ûҪ²Ҫң
ڼУһӣԱƴţ¶õʡ
ϰ壬æ˵
ŶĪҪ۵ùҿĿһ˵
ƣԵǰ
ܺǿһ֣Ӿ;ȵĽһģ
ǵģҲоҪǵڵļҪǿһЩЦ˵

ߣһ˿Ŀһš
ƶʱɴ۾
ôܣ
˻㽫佻Լýˣһ㶼£
ƣں˼֮ʱѾվ˳ȥ
ȻҲȫûǣóһˣǺöԸĽɫ
Ҳ׷˳ȥ
ϰ壬λóָһ¾ԣ˵
ӣĿھϣĿٴɡӱ濴̫ᣬɲóߡ
Ҳǣ֮ڣģ඼ǵʾǿߡǵʾҲǴĳԱ
λˣǰ˫ֹĽԡ
ȷʱӾ֪˿²ҪΪӣҲղһԷҪҲ
ԽЦЦ
λӵϰɣЦʡ
ǣ֪ˣС꣬кηԸӿʵ
ȷʵ£ӡֱ˵
ѡ̣Ҫ
ҵ̣΢΢һ㶣ûϵһ㡣
ΪҪҵ̣ӣλò̫ã⣬Ӧûиõѡǡӿžʡ
ѡӣȻҵԭ㲻ҵĳۣԶһöָֽ
ӽӹָͷһɨ
۾ʱԲĿžԡ
֮ǰóһɣǲǾԸֻ֪˴żȻõˣ˼ȷʵǼ主С
ָֽڣһǧʯֻǿһǧʯ
ӣôҲһʦߣҲеʶһǧʯԣȻһ֡ȫңȻҲһǧʯǸԴȫۼĽ
ȷҪЩʯҵӣѹеļ
̫ˡӣȻԶԶֵһǧʯ
ͬ⣬ھͿԽˡУڵȫҪԴߡ԰ڰЦ˵
ԣϲøóݸ˾ԡ
ӣˣӹ˵
ʲôϽʰתһĻƣȵ
ǣǣŷӦæڷųĸȫ
ʱ̵ѾˣԻ͵̡ĸ֣ȥ
ӺǻƣڰﾰԽµƹȥ֮ŹԸ뿪
ϰ壬㶼Ӫ˶ʮ갡ôһˣƺʡ
֪ϰոյһǧʯ
ߣ˳һǧʯҪڵ˵Ҹòɨһۻ˵
ʲôһǧʯ˲סŵĿӣϰ壬˵ǲⰡһǧʯСӣ
⣿־óһ־һǧʯֻˣõóһǧʯСӣΪ˿һҩ̣ȷʵ˾֡
ˣ⣬ó졣ߣҴȥ¥һȥҶʮ꣬ûȥ¥ԷɣЦ


832 ȥ̿
Ի͵ڣ
Űڷųĸֵҩ΢΢˵ͷ
֮ӣҲԼǵġӹģλƫƧҪȻΪһЩ
ȥλúñȽϴӣǹḶܾ́ͻȽ鷳ʱڸ޷ɹ
˵ԲǴ̫õʱ䣬뿪ȻҲͻֱ̫ԴͲˡ
ſŰɣ۾΢С
ԵڵҩƷʣţò˶ʱ䣬Ի͵ܴ̾ʱȻ׬ȡݲϡ
ԨݵȲԪ½ܱȡʥߣʱͨԴİѾ΢㳢ƶֻ񵤣ڲ쵤
ǻ񵤣ҲҪľżݡԼȥѰңҪķѶʱ䣿Ч˵̫ˡ
һ䵤̣˵Ǿ£ϵĽݾ
˵ַͨʽʶȽ϶ˣҲ̽ѩϢ
ףأ
ôͻȻɵˣ̹ˣ
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ƭӣǻǲҪȥ߰ɣ
Ի͵֮ǰżҲ߾ȴ˽롣
ЩߣǱǰģҪһЩ̲ˣ˵̣ǾûʲôȤˡ
ҲǣƫƧ֮ؿ赤̣ȷʵŻлʵĶǣ۵ҩĵطҲ࣬ЩӣǷǳɵġܾӪҩģۺʵ
ЩĻῪһ˼ª̨ĵ̣
һȥûһ˽Ի͵̹ҩЩߣڵ֮ǰפƬ̾ͻ뿪
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ȻͣλֵܣǶ˳Գ˺ȣ

¥һŸ֮ڣֵúܣʮߣ¶ߡ
֣ǲǷˣһ˵
͵ˣе֡λֲǱˣǽԵӡһǧʯ֣λֶͺȾƳԷˣһ¥
¥ɲһѵĵطһٷȥ͵ʯ֮ࡣѰ£ǵʦߣҲֻżһ٣Բ᳣Բ𰡣
ǰҲֵ֡ȻǴ󷽺ˬˣ⼸죬ǳԵĺȵģһʮʯ˰ɣ
֣ѵҪӦ⼸죬һֱ¥ڣ˭չˣƣҲ⼸ѵû⣿
ֵĺǣҲǵʦߣһҲúܡ
Ŀһתˡ

ǻ¶ˣȷʵˡ̣ҲҪˣȹЩʱ䣬ȥһλõӣ¿ִЦ˵
Ŷ˶΢΢һ㶡
֣֮ǰӣѵѾˣӦˣ뵽˹ؼʵ
ûǰͱˣֵ˵ͷ
ˣ
֣ǿ㾭Ӫ˶ʮӰ֪ӻвˣôˣ
Ȼ󣬵һЩڣҲ׬ȡٵʯӣһҲŪʮʯһӽˣȻЩϧ
ǰ
ǲ²£ӣ˶ʯ۾һƣЦſʵ
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ڵȫҴˡģһյӡְЦ
֣˼ӣѵһ߼ۣĻӣѵʯɣ
ӣʯǾһʷǳ⡣ˣָͣҲˡ⼸ԴȣҲʮʯѡ
´ˣ۸Ǿ벻
ҲŪˣֱӸǰɣٺ٣ӣһǧʯֻϣǵɫ
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һǧʯɲҪŪǣ˶׷ҡͷ
Ūǣҿû˵ٻȷʵһǧʯһνסһǧʯھϣ˵
˼ֲڿЦһ۾ȻţȴҲ֪Ӧʵ֣ķˡ
̣ӣ赤̣
⡭
־óһһҪǧʯĸĳԱɣ
̣֣ǲȥ˵ĵ֮ڣ׶ʲôҩȥԻ͵̿


833 ٴǧǧ
㷹ʮ뿪¥̸ЦǰԻ͵̡
ȷʵк棡
һǧʯһСӣһ˿²¡
Ȼǿ赤̣ǲ۵ĵҩƷΣȥҲ޷ģǵҩм۸Ϲ󣬴˲ǡ
ʮӣԱڼ˳ŴоԲõһʾ󷨣ֻҪ˽Ծܵһʱ֪
ӭԿһȺˣЦŴк
ȻҲеߣЩ˻ֱӵĹϵ
ھԴк֮ʱЩҲԣҲ뿴óһǧʯһӵˣʲôġ֮ԣ˻־óһ
Щҵĺѣ˵ӿ赤̣Զ棬ʲôҩԹ򡣡ֶԾԹ˹֡
ǺǣĵҩҲǺܺõġλȤ㿴۸ϣۣͯԵ˵ͷ΢Ц
ţȿҩƷʿԣ۸̫ҲҪһЩ˵ţߵҩ̨
߼ҩ
Ȼи߼ҩۣ
̨֮ڣдĵҩڷųͼм͸߼ҩԶС
һ˵ʦߣǺٻʹø߼ҩġȻ߼ҩҲ򵽡Щĵ¥ҵ۵ĸ߼ҩҲ̫ࡣ
У߼ʦҲô࣬߼ҩһֱǹӦġ
һڣܼ߼ҩȷʵ⡣
ֵľҲ첽ǰ
߼ҩ˼ҩȻоżҩ⡭
ôܣ
Щҩģ
̨ڰڷųƿ˵Ӿȷʵ̫ˡƿǰǵĵҩֺ͵ȼǶԽס
ǻǿмҩɣ߼ҩģҲ𰡣һҡͷ̾Ϣһ˵
߼ҩȷʵò𡣾߼ҩһžҪʮϰʯǵȫóҲ򲻵š
֪Ƿܽҩȡ鿴ֶԾʵ
ȻԣȷҪһֵҩͿȡ鿴˵
еߣѡһҩ뾰Խƿ˹
ĵҩ
԰ǾĽһ¶ɫ
ҩԣѵǼٵһ˵ѯʡ
ٵȻǣֻǣⵤҩƷʣôҼһƷʵҩҪãе߲ǵҩƷǵҩ١
ĵҩԶƷʣȻһƷʺáһ˵
Ʒʣ
ٴɵۡ
ôŵҩҪʯе߷Ӧ̾ѯʵ
ƷʵĵҩǼټġһ˵ҲֻϲõƷʵĵҩ˭᲻ģ˭빺һЩ
ǵҩ۸񼫸ߣҲһᾡһЩ
Աһ۸
۸Ʒʵĵҩ˵ԲߣҲͱЩһƷʵĵҩ۸΢߳һЩѡ
Ҫʮţе߼Ĵ
ͼ򵥶ˣӵĵʦߣÿ˶óϴʯƷʵĵҩֻϵʯ̫٣ܹࡣ
ʯ֮⣬λҲʹݵԴжһԶʯѹûȤŪĸ߼ݣǱЩʯǿˡ
֮ȡʯҪΪӰˡ
ôһ˵˶ԼָֽһЩмֵԴóþԹֵ
ҲͰм۽й㣬ûпѹۡ
ʱʱ䣬˲ŶδĶһϣóԴǼһ㶼ûţһ˷ܵı飬뿪Ի͵̡
ǳ˵̵ţҲ໥𣬶ֿ
ոնһƷʵĵҩȻҪԵҩЧǶԴҲȫģһЩҩӱ濴ƷʣʵȴǼٵô죿ֿܣҲеģǼҪ鵤ҩЧ
ĽȻö˵ǹĵҩȷʵƷɡ
㻹֪ɣǻԻ͵̳۵ĸֵҩԶ
߼ҩȻУһ٣û߼ҩҲƷʡ
ʲô㲻ţǺǣ

ϢٵĴʱ򣬵һϢߣȻ̫ϢġҲвжЩ棬Ի͵̿һȻ֪Ի͵ڵĵҩȷʵƷʡ
ң۸񻹲̫ߡ
һʮʮ٣ٴǧǧ
ǰʱ䲻Ի͵̵⣬ͺõù֡ǰҩߣﲻҲʼæµȻ֮ǰ൤ҩյĶһҩҲļ١


834 ̽ϸ
ڳҩмҩҲδ׷ơ
͵ͼҩֵƫͣԶ߼ҩȡͬʱڣƸ߼ҩ׬ȡԴԶеͼҩࡣ
ʼʱ֮ôеͼҩĿľΪ˴ڣȻҪеͼҩ
ԣڰڷųеͼҩһһպ󣬻Ի͵ڣֻṩ߼ҩĶһ
Ҳ£ǰ̵ȼ٣֮µߣ󲿷ֳ뵤̵ģǵżܼʾǿߡ
ڣССĻԻ͵̣ڶ̶ʱڣ
е龰ݱģȻҲϢͨҲ鲻ԵǵȻ벻ԻǴ཮Ԫ½ߡ
һһ磬Ӱ˻Ի͵̡Ϊ׵һˣȥѾܴϢ񣬾΢Ӧ֪ˣһʾ۷ǿߡ
վڴߣӦöӵݣװͳһҲԶǵΪ
žԣɫĿԼ˸һĨ⡣
£Թ˹֡
ǰžĻԻ͵¥ֻ²һֱÿգϵ졣ĻԻ͵¥ĵҩǰ߲˵
Ե֣֮ǰѾȥˣҲûпԼ֡
ˡ
ǫ飬Ի͵¥ĵҩԶƷʡϷǧ꣬δĵҩӣίʵúܡʣĵҩĪǶǾƵ𣿡ĿⶸȻ
ȷʵƣ˴빺Щҩתʵ
ǺǣżҽһԼҽгˮӢ¥¥ˮ¶һ˿Цݡ
ԭǳˮ¥
ǣҲһЩʱ䣬Ӣ¥Ȼ˵ˣ¥ڣĵҩ׻֮һ
Ҵ˴ϣܼӢ¥ڴþ⡣ˮǹֱӵģ仰󣬱⡣
ˮ¥ˣֻĿģֻ˵ǸˣҲκҡҡͷ
Ծܾˮе⡣ΪҲԻ͵̵ĵҩǾƣǾԾǿƾżƷʵҩľżʦֻһ㣬ˮҲǺƣϼ֮ڣżʦûģҲ˵֡
֣ȴǳİ
ټϣԿᣬͲǾżʦϼľżʦһͶСҲϡͻȻһùֵľżʦˮȻעҲ̽Եĵϸȴ
üŸҴ𸴣㹻ʱĵžı⡣
еڶ£ӾﹺһЩҩ֪Ի͵ڣûڵˮʵ
ھ԰ڷųĵҩ֮Уûڵֵҩġ
ڳľżҩҲǳľżҩ
ϣȷʵڵżҩĴ棬δóֱӳۡҲĿĵġ
ϵŻԻ͵϶˹ڵĵҩ
ڣȻˡ
ڵʱûֳɵģˮ¥ҪĻҿƣҪˮ¥ṩ˵ĲϡһƷڵҪһݲϡ΢Ц˵
֮ûóڵֱӳۣĿľҪҩˣԼ׼òϡһ¯ڵܵõƷʵĵҩҲ˵һ¯ҩܻݲϡ
ЩУüֶǾԷǳҪݣò˶ãƳٻ񵤡
һݲϣһƷڵˮһǹƽҪʮƷڵ֪ã
ˮһڣҪʮڵҲ̽⣬ڣȻžƳƷʾżҩھҪʮšϾڵӦҲûʮôࡣ
ԴӦҪ󣬶ֲԼƵҩضȥұǸʦơĻѭҵڰľżʦ
ԣˮ¥£ʮȡûκγɾʹӦ
ˮ΢һº󣬾óʮڵĲϽԡ
Ϸȸˣʮһȡʮڵˮ۾˵
룡˵
ˮ뿪̣̾ͷԸ⼸죬ҶˣǾ뿪̣һҪϿȥʲôط


835 
ʮʱ䣬ָ
Ǿԣȷû뿪Ի͵̣ˮһ˿ɻ
¥ˣǾȷʵû뿪Ի͵һ涢š뿪֮ǻԻʹ¥͹ֹͣӪҵˣһָӪҵһӢ¥߹˵
ţȥʮƷʵڵƺûСˮ˵ͷɫָ
ûʱ䣬ˮٴԻ͵¥
ˮ¥ĵҩѾ׼ˣ㿴ҩƷû⡣ȡʮƿ͵ˮǰ
ź֮ɫˮһƿ
ǵʾ۷ߣӢ¥¥ǾżʦƷʵڵȻԼƲȴһ۱ϳ
ˮһƿƿļҩ
ˮ¥ҩ⣿΢Цʵ
ҩû⣬ƷʡˮĿдŲţžԡ
ѵ⾰ԣƳƷʾżҩĵʦֻߣþгʮƷʵڵ
һʱ䣬ˮҲò׼⡣
һˮҲ벻ͨ⾰ƷʾżҩʮƳʮţ̫ˣ
ԼҲǾżʦƾżҩǱȽͨƵĵҩһ¯ƳҪʱ䡣
Ƶҩʱ󣬳ˮһ⡣
˵ֻҪˮṩϣеҩҾԿơԵֵôӳˮ׬ȡϡ
ˮӢ¥¥ϵ߼ϣǼࡣ
һݲϻȡһŵҩǴ׬׬ܾ
һΣˮɲһŲˡ
Ҫľżҩţʮš
ԾԴӦֻҪˮṩϣκεҩƶû⡣
һΣҪˮһٹȡ
ˮߺ󣬾Խ죬㽫ԷҪĵҩȫ㹻һ฻ࡣʣĲϣԴ
֮ԻصعҳݾǣṩֻҪṩϣͿҪضĵҩһݲϣһһŵҩһ¯ֻܳɵһŵⵤҩҪίеṩķݲһš
ʱ˻̫ȽϽԣ֪һֻҪõԼҪĵҩ󣬺ܶ˾Ͷˡô̵ʱڣǴ˾͵ڵ֮⣬Ͳ¾ԴŲ͵͵ߡ
ԣæµ
һſŵҩߣһݷݲϻ
һʱȥԻ۵Ͼʹﵽһ˵֡ԨݲȷʵԪ½ḻ֪ٱԪ½亱Ĳϣﾹһʾ߶óһЩ
⣬ȥ
ˮڶδӾԼίƵҩʱͷ̽ˡ벻ͨȴҲ޿κΡó뾰ƣӢ¥ģһݲϻһƷʵҩⲻǳԿҲûʲô
ǲֱӳ۲һЩ
ʱһΣʱ͹ȥˡ
ףǱʲôһŻߣþԻ͵֮ǰǰۼĴߣɷһɡ
ΪƵǣЩۼ֮ʮߣȻǵʾΪ
ίоƵҩģľżҩҪЩżҩģȻ϶ǵʾǿߡߣòľżҩȻһҲòôϡ
ΪίƵĵҩȽ϶֮⣬һ㶼ʱõԼίƵĵҩҲԵ֮⡣
Ҳ͵£֮ۼʮʾǿߣһۿȥȷʵǺˡ
ƺһ䵤ҩӣֽлԻ͵̡ӣһ˵
ҩӣ󰡣ôôʾߵѵⵤҩӺ⣿۾Ц
ߣҲȥòһǣֿɲܴ˵ţ̤˹ȥ
ӣҲ첽ϡ
ľǣӣȻĵʾǿߡЩǿߣղŶΪȻߣݾǼߡ
߽ӽԻ͵̺ܵ΢һȫˡ
ΪЩ߾ۼԭӾⲻ۵ĵҩӣȻܶƾżƷʵҩ÷浤ҩܶơ
ҲҪһӵˡ
ҪҪȥһӿʵ
޴ûЩ˵Ъҵʱôܴţߵһۡ
ֻǡҲ֪Ҫòƺõҩü˵
žǣҲû顣Цһ


836 ʥŮ
ߣǲǵȺ򲻵ʱԻ͵̵žͻ򿪡
ڶʾߣʱһԳ˽ȥ
վڷ̨ƺõĵҩһһַίߡ
ҩַµίУʾóԼ׼õĲϽԣԼҪĵҩԼֻܵȵһΡ
ǻһԣûм˵ֻϸϸԡʱ˵Ի͵̵ĵᣬʱʲôɴʱԱˣҲǰľλȷʵǼᰡ
λҪί𣿡
֮ڵߣȡߵҩ뿪ί뿪̵š
ֻǻߣԼӣȻڵ֮ڣԾԿѯʡ
Ȼ⻪ݷͬСɣӣɶǵʾǿߡҪ֪֮ǰӢ¥¥ˮߵҲֻǵΪѡ
ȷʵίæһֵҩ˿Ƶ֪ƴ˵΢Цžʡ
˿ƵһⵤҩԪ½ϣֵҩĵʧԨҲûʲô֪Ʒ
Ҫƽ˿Ƶüͷ΢΢һͷṩ˿ƵĲϣұƴ˵ɫƵⵤҩһ¯ֻܳɵһţԿ˱ṩķݲϲܵõһŽ˿Ƶ
ƽ˿Ƶһɡ
ɵ񶼲ƵĵҩƣſڿӰɣֶ˵
˵ɵ񣬱ϼľżʦ
һԣ΢Цһֱڡ⼸ó㹻ĲϣǾԵȻҪĵҩЩ˲ԼҲνԼί񼫶࣬Ҳһ
߿Ե񣬱
ȻҲûϵԾȻ˵ƽ˿Ƶ֮ҪίֵҩʵûжԾжģֻˡȻȷʵҲҪһŽ˿ƵԼʹãĸҪ
ĸףڼʮǰһ涾˼꣬Ψн˿Ƶɽ⡣ϼ֮ڣܹƽ˿Ƶɵ񶼲СڣͻȻԳƿƽ˿ƵĵʦȻеޱȵ⡣
ȷƣа𣿡ɫѹʵ
ķݲϣһƷʽ˿ƵԲ˵ϻ
ãߣҲʹ죬ң˿ƵҪЩϡ
ӼûҪȰ˵
۾һӱͣٶ˵ʲô
ԽҩҪĲϣŶ˵˳ϡеĲȻһ©ȽϳĲϵν
ҪĲϣϾԶУȫ˳һЩϡеĲϡֻҪƳ˿ƵںķһЩϡ
֪ҪȶҲõҩһ䡣
ţڵڵŰɡȰԼҲͼʱɡһ˵
۾Ȼһл
Խڼ䣬ߺӣڵڵȴ
ŴƳ˿Ƶ
ղ˵ģû˵ҵõһƷʽ˿ƵǾţѵƾʧòҩȻ׷Ź˵ûһЩ£ôʾίߵĮ˵
ʱҲǷǳڴ
һǣܵõһŽ˿ƵǾûˡ
ʱ󣬾߳һнɫƵĺɫҩߡ
ɵ˵һģһ߲鿴ҩ󣬵ͷ˵
ҲûĽ˿ƵԲȫȷҩ١ɵ˵˿ƵԣһԱȣеĵҩɵȫͬġ
лæƵĵҩҩл
ؿֲǰװװƣеõϣȻҪҩƳ԰ڰ˵
ô˵ҶҪмϼ֮ڣҲֻ㣬Ƴ˿ƵˡŵҩҶҵļ˵ҪҽнղӺǶղ˳ŽһԼ
ǣң˫ü΢΢̧һ¡
ǵĽңҲϼ֮ڣһƷƷͬ
⽹ղǽҵѹߵӣǵʾ
ǣղͷ
Ǿ·;ԶΪλͻȻǣʡ
һʥŮҪޣҾո֡Щ˾ÿϧղ˵ţҡͷ̾Ϣһ


837 ѩʥŮ
ϼǶƷʥŮޣȻǴ¡ССеϵģǰҲ
⺮ǽҵĽղȻǹص֮һ
ϧִ˻⣿Ժʵ
ѵÿϧԵĻղ΢΢һ㶡
ҽоԣֱӳּɡҡҡͷ˵˵ʵʱ䲢ڴ֮ǰҲ֪ŵʥŮҪޡ
ҿɲֱ䣬ڵ˾̾ղд󡣾ĪǴղһ
ûǴӡɳţҲͲżʱѡ΢һµ
ѹҶû˵֣ϼоȳʦұضжšɳϼҵǳ˵ֻǣȴδȥɳ򡣡ղ¶Ȼı顣
֪һֽаѩʥŮ޸ҵܡǷòޱȣΣÿһμԻöķθλѩʥŮû棬ò½˵˼޸Ƿǲǿϧղҡͷ̾Ϣ
ѩ֣Ȼһ
ǰѩǶǵİѩ
Ǿԣʱƽ顣ֻоʲôݺݵĳһ¡
ѩǣȷʵܡ
Ԫ½ϼǣǵһ߾ۼĳСѩľգŽϼȷʵкܴܾǵ֮ڡ
ѹеļѩĻţǾ̫ˡ
ôˣѵʶѩʥŮղȻע⵽˾Ե
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˵һţָ߼ԼࡣӲȻǵѡ˵ҲȷѩʥŮǰѩ
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ʱ䣬ҴҶ
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ȻԪͬʱҲתһ񹦣طвһ񹦵ĸԸٶʥҪöࡣ
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ڰ֮ǰղӵ⣬뾰˽뵽档
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׿˵ĶԻҲɻȻҲղԾԵ̬Ҳ̫һЩ
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839 Բ
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ǽǾǽһЩ֮ǰһЩϢ˵λѩʥŮ޸涥ײŵĴǺǣк³ڣ뿪벽ˡ׿Цࡣ
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㲻Ҳǿ˰ѩʥŮɣȰ㻹Ƿɣ㲻ùҲҵ﷽ҡ׿Ц˵ЩȡЦԵ˼
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ʱŵģһԼƴֳɫԲݡ
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840 ˾
ԲǳżݷĲϣȷе˵һݣ֮
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˵ǿֶʵ̫̫ˣǿȡ꣬ߵĸԪศɡ
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۸̧һǧʯ󣬳ϡˣڳ۵ģҲǼμʥߺͲֶƷԻ߸߲
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˵仰󣬱ǰȡԲݡ
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ղˣЩšΪǵİ֮Уòô༫ƷʯǿɾͶ˶ˣǾԶҲһȥҪЦǿɶǶƷӵܣϼУǵҲ쵱ġ
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841 
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׿գʱһۣ˵۾һ˿ɡ
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꣡һʮźŰϮȥ
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ڽļƷ֮УһԪսףһƵʥʥȻǲƵģȴǷܱȡ
ԣԻǳһǧƷʯԪսҲ
ķǧƷʯԲݺԪսףھ˵Ǻֵõġ
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־óǧƷʯĹ˵ġ
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Ծܾ׿ЩʧҲھǰֳռʱĸ߰͵Ȼ޴ˣ±ίܾȻǱֹ̬
Ȼ֪ԵıݣӾֱʿͿȷԾԲͨˡֻϧƺûʲôȤ
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ºҲҪȥŰɣʱһǰղžԡ
΢ת
ţ϶ҪȥġѩʥŮǰѩҲһҪ
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ղ˼ԴӦ¶ϲɫܹ뾰ԽӴȻл顣
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ǼʥûҰиžԣȻҲ˸١ǵ£ȥһǶҪǿöʥߣ


842 ʥ
ص̣̾ͽͣӪҵӹ˳ȥ
ǰ֮ǰʮʱԲٽίһЩԼҪ
ϵ̵ķţڷڲ࣬Իһ߼̡ͻȻ洳룬̾ͻᱻ߽뵽߼֮СͬʱҲӦ쳣гʱ׼
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ȷʵǲƵģ
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һ嫵ĴпѹԪӾھǼʮߴߴĵʾߣʱͣȻĿԡһԪѹǼ޷ϢǼߣʼס
ҲͲǣѵǵ˲ʱ䣬ǣѵǾûͣӪҵӣºȵ


843 ªޱ
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850 ܵ
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ԿɲãͻȻʮʥ߻ɺϡ
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ʥߵٶȺε֮죿
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ԸոմǬСѾʮӰ֮ڡ

Щˣô׷ٵǣ֪ģҧҧ˼ɿת
С֣㻹ܣˣҲѾ˾ԣ峤һһ״Ԫ߶
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ڡ弶ʥԶһʥܹȡ
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Ըоֻ궼΢΢һ˫ĿǺɫ֮ϡ
ռݣͷ·һֽϢи˺ѡؼķ֮ԭĲɫζᣬΪһƬīڡ
ɫķǻģôڻΪɫķ򣬾͵ȥˡ򣬶ܵϢʴ
սʥɱ綼ˣԭƵķϵҲ֧飬ڣ񾧶޷
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ʥǰǬСءһǬС类֣ͺ˵ˡ
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ԨûκͣЪһ·ֱӷɵԨڣʱѾԨϷĺɫ䡣
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856 
峤ҲֻɱԣԨȷʵ̫ˣҲҴ׽С
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ԽԨ϶Ҳֲ˶ãҪôܲסԨĽɱҪôֱ档
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һη׷ɱȴǷǳ׼ȷľҵԼλá
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857 
ȻǵãԵһԨʱ򣬻ǵʦΪ
ԾԨڣͻƵͻƵʾ
̤ʾ󣬾Իõһ񹦵ĵڶִб뿪Ԩ
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ԣǵִУ㣡óһɫתľݸԡ
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ⲿִУǰںϣӴϢھԺ֮ӹ
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죬߿ԽԨѰҸֱõߣҲܵõ亱ǿġ
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859 ۻ
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860 ˵
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СӣɲҪǿڵʵսĸ硢ȷʵû⣬Ƕ϶㻹Զ˵ˣ磬һſ£ߵ۾˵
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ĸ磬СӶͨǵһˣӦͬҲ˰ɣ߿ʵ
Ŀ˿ߡ
ԣҲĿһתġѩ֮⡣
ɣΥ򣬶˵ͬˡ
ûͨһǾԵͬ飬ǾԲܽġھԳɹأŮ޽ҲΥ˶µĹ
ȥ˵žȳ˳ȥ
ʱѩ֮⣬ȷʵ֪ܽʲôûΣա
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ѩһҪһʱˣҲɣЦŶ԰ѩ˵
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ãѩûκ⡣
ԾͿʼ֮ǰռĸ߼϶˳
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ʡ
ǿǲʸܣļ£ϤߺĿз֮ɫ
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861 ӽ
ϲϢжϣԱڼĹʥҪǿһЩ
뷽峤ֵʱ򣬷峤ʹõʥԶĹʥܣҲ˽⡣
뷽峤֣ڶʱڽɱ
ǿ󣡡ڴ
ߣ֮ǿǾ칹ķ֮󣬸жǿ
Ŀ͸һɳȡ
Ҳٵ飬Կʼơ
Ƿǳӵһ̣ĳ̶ֳϣ벼һ֮
ǲ󣬶Ҫģ͡
̤ʥʦֱ÷򹹽ģͣЧʸߣƵҲǿ
ģһһ棬ҪȡеԪء
̺ԪأֻǶٶѡݣ̺ԪأȡݵԪǾ̫˷ˡ
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ʼɣĿҲһԪӿ
ʱ䣬һš
һȥ
ʮȥ
ת۾һ¹ȥ
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Сӣˣ߼ֹͣ˶˹ʵ
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ķѵĲϼ侪ˣԻôõĸߵȿʯĲϣȫϣȻûԽʥ
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ⳤûﵽĲ𣿡Կģ͵ûﵽ
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⼸Ҳܶˡӵеʥͨʥ̫ˡʲôʥǿЦ磬ʥҲǿеʥǿöࡣЦһ˵
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Ŀһת
ⳤΪǷȱδ깤깤ܴﵽ͵ˡʵûвˣĸ硢磬ܲٴ򿪵һı⣬óһЩϸңЦʡ
Сӱǲܵˣ˶µĹأǾǲΥģĵ;ܾ˵
СӣȷʵǲõĶʵΪǿܣҪٶıҲãԸء˶µĹؾҲҡͷ˵
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ʵҲ֪Լٽһ⼸ܣֻ˳̽һ䣬δ̫ϣ
ѩתĿŵİѩ
ţŮ츳ȻһЩΪ̿ࡣʼһֱڱչ˵
Ե˵ͷ
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϶ǲУ
㻹Ǳˣ㲻뿪ɣ
Сӣȥ
ܣ֧־Խڶս硢
ԺηҼʱĻ硢粻ɱҰɣ̧ü
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ȥˣһ̧ţգۼ͵˵һ
΢һ£۾΢Уֱ˽ȥ


862 
һ룬Եڶͬʱ߶Ԫ

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䣡ûκһӰֱӻӶгžɱ
ĵâܺƴǵأ·Ҫռڵһж˺
Ըûʱ룬æɫͨתʥ⽣ͬʱͷų
飡ռһ촫
ԿԼʩչ뽣ͨѧ۵Ľ⣬ɫӲ˺ڣɫҲ˥ڽԵĽп󣬺ɫʣҲࡣ
ܹɫд󣬾Է˼ʥͷдԼвԲҪʥ
ȻԵ壬Ǳһӻ˳ȥֱ䵽ʮ֮ĵط
Ȼǹǿ
һҵֵǳѡҪнӽܵĳҿĻᱻһɱʥ壬¶סǿµĵ⡣ĻĻᶼûУӶǳֵӰ
ʱӰٴγԣڶιȻҪ
䣡æ䡣
ڶûսɹϣֻ뿴صڶ϶ʵǿĳ̶ȡ
һҲٶ϶սһ˽⡣
ֹģӦ϶δ֡Ҳ˵ԼĿǰʵֲҪ˵ͬʱԸ϶֡
˵ĻǼԾԵڶιӰʱֹͣеĶ
ʱ򣬺ӰҲǰӰվһ𣬶žԡ
ǾԣһӰͳɤʵ
ǣԼ硢磡Թֵ
ô֪Ĵڣͨڶ͵Һмյʱ䡣ڵ㣬ʵϻԶˡһסҪ˵ͬʱֵͬʱˡӰ˵
ˣ˳ڶɣʵ㹻սǣһӰҲޱȵ
ãԵ˵ͷ˳ڶ
һ˳Ϳĵȼܣڴĵط
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Σսֲܿɣ
Сӣ˵˵ĵȿܣѯʡ
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ߣҪ㲻ҪȥǲҺûɱ˵
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ĵȿܣҪչأ㶼ûи
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ѧ֮Լطȵȣµʶ
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ȡе񾧺Ͳ쵤գҸط
ʱۣ
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񾧺͵ҩԴԽԽ٣ԵΪҲϵĵõ𽥴ﵽʥļޡ
յķҲﵽһֲ֡
˲һǰֵĴУԸٶȣ֪Ҫһ߿϶١ټгԴĽٶȣȷʵǷǳľˡ
֪Եٶȣһ̾Ī
ھԴﵽʥļ޺󣬾ʱͣһԾʹ㳢ͻƣʥ
֮ͣҲҪһ̬ȫɳ
һڡ
䣡
飡
Ӱٱۣ뵶⽻֯
ĵȼܣΧԡ
СӣܣߴһɱͬʱкɫѾžնɱ
гһת
ֱ꣡Ӿͱն˳ȥˤԶ
ʱĵȿ֣ܽδʹðɫõĽ֮ǰһֱʹõûʹýͨ
Сӣٶȷʵ죬ٶҲ׼һᣬ͵ԡ
ĿܣѾս˴ʱ
ֻټϲý⣬һǲѹ⼸ܡҡҡͷ
ܣĲѹƾٶȣκβþԣȻҲ޷ѹĸܡ
ˣɣͨٿ䷢
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863 ʥ
һʱ䣬ԵΪȻԾͣʥսȴо޴
һǰԽԨһġֹԲýͨȫ·ġ
ڣĵܵΧѹҪʹýֶͨò¡΢ýͨͽѹȫȥ
սȷʵǽ޴
ԣѩžԡ
д裬ȻѡڰѩչʱΪд֮УضɺܴĶͿӰ쵽ѩ
ҲǳŰѩ΢ϢʱԲдԡ
ڶ϶ôڵʵ޷ͨأѩ˿һ
ѩŮޣǲ֪Ҷ硢սж£ߺߣ㿴ڴĸ͸һԲǶ硢κһܶ֡߻ࡣ
ڣĵܣҲѩϤˡ
ܣ԰ѩҲΪϲ
硢ȷʵǿĿǰǶ֡ҽʥʱ˵ˡ۾Ц˵
һ£ԶûбչվѩģżҲдһ£ǶԾߣԲʱľͻὫץԼͽͨ
Щܶгǿָ㾰ԵİɫһЩ˺ۣҲָ̼
һգٴαչأ˼¯쵤
ʥͻƵʥ϶ҪļԴ׼֡
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ھԪ֮ڣԽ쵤ȡߣ˿ֻʣ²ö񾧣ҲȻ̾Ϣһ
Ϊ񾧵ҲԽԽˡ
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һУ̷һԵƵĿԵ֮ǰʹţʣš
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ھԱչ׼ʥУѩûȥԶ˵ȴ
ѩţҲǳţҲϣ̳ܳɹ˳ʥ
ʱѾȫŵͻƾϣһУȫųԺ
תһ񹦣ٿԪͷųйעϸĶ
Ժ󣬿ʼתһӿ뵽ڡ
Զ˵İѩˣԿԵܣѾһɫĹΣŨչֳ̬ЩɫεģǾԣʱԵͺһɾ޴γһɫС
ȵķ·޾ӿ뵽Եڡ
ϸתΪԪ
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ԳʥһĵԴҪöࡣ
һʥ߳ʥҪ׼ԴԶԴģͨߡ
ʥʼʮ죬ԪѾӽݽߡ
һǧƷʯΪ˷۳ٲȻδ۳Ҳ󰵵Ȼ̺Ѿࡣ
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ƣһŭͬʱһԵ̷
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ԵܣһƬŨɫ⻪Ȼڿռڡɫ⻪ڣ̺ž˵ܣ֮
Զ˵İѩԼܣľ۾
˺һЩӰһ˵
Ҳ֣Űѩ˺Ҫ°ѩܵʲô˺ĿܣҲܿٻָ
ʱ򣬾ͻȻһ
ۣ
ʥ
ھܵɫ⻪Ҳڴʱٿӿ뾰ڡ
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864 ٴڶ
ѩĿܣžԣ϶¶ЦݣԿ첽߹ȥ
Сӣϲ۾
һξͻƳɹĵ˵ͷ
ͻǳɹˣԴҲ˰ЩܵԴһӾõ߰˰ˣҡͷɬЦݡ
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ǣЩƳĲ쵤ȵҩҲĸɾˡʱ䲹Ⲣס񾧣Ԩ񾧶ǳѩ˵ڲ񾧣Ҳֻλżʹõġ
޿ռõľŰٶö񾧣Կ˿ʱֻʣʮöˡʮö񾧣ԾڵΪһʱȫյˡ
Сӣ㲻ǰԴһıȥˣҲѡ˱ǲڶο⡣ɫһڡ
ðɣȻ
ϢһƺȻ̧һԪȻѹȥ
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죬ܣʵͨʥߵĺ壬Զ޴ѹڵϡ
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֣ûãͽѹſڵȻ˵Щ䲻⣬׼ҲǶֺʱˡ
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Сӣǳʲô£ͣȥڶҶ硢簡߽˵
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һûмȥսڶһ£ԼڵʵȻսɹ
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ܽطҲȫ뵽֮ͨУǹضдȵʱ򣬶Ը϶վ͸һЩ˵ܻ϶
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ԣĽ죡Ŷʮʱ䣬ֹռϷˡ϶žԵͷЩп˵
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һִУȥ϶ȡһɫξݸԡ
л硢磡΢ЦŽӹɫֱ̺ĲһϢ뵽Լ֮ڡ
ӴϢٱաһִУ̺ϢҪǰӴö࣬ǰܺ͡ǾѾʥΪޱǿһʱҲȫҲżҲǼʱ䣬Ծȫһǵݡ
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866 ʮ
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ڶ⣬ֻʮӣԵÿúܣԶһ˵ĸо𺳡
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ǰٵĿռ䶴ڣԾ͵õһ񾧣һǾŰٶöǸӣڶӻҪһЩ
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Ϊʱմ򿪱䣬ڵľʵһѣ
ͨӣǿռ䱦䣬濴Ų󣬵ĿռȴǼ֮ͨԿԸܵ˵񾧡ɫʰ쵵񾧣˵Ϣ
ͷɨ
棬кü񾧰ɣһ𺳵˵
ÿһڣʮö񾧣ѰҵһЩȡġһڣʢŵһ񾧣϶˿˵
Ԫһʢ񾧵뵽ԼǬС֮ڡ
пϲľԣŬԼƽ
ʮ񾧰֮ǰΪֻмö񾧣⻹һ޴ľϲ
ʱĵȿܣѾ뵽ڶ
СӣѩŮ޻Уûţڵһɣҿ̤ʥҲԶˡȿڶԾԵ
áӦ
ԣǴ뿪϶̧üʡ
˫ü
ս磿ڿܣԲ۾
жǿʡ
ղս϶ʱ򣬾Կûʹͨϴʵ϶ǿǺܶ࣬ǾҲһգϴмյʱ䡣
ǿ϶ü
ʵǿף˿ڶͨĵط
ԣҲֱʵԸһЩϢ߸ʿߣʵģߵʾʥ֮Ρ϶һ£˵
ñ߽ģûģǵȻúܡߺߺߵ˵
ǿóٶȣ൱ʥս϶˵
ĺҲͷ
Һʩչطѧʵǿʥǰѵסȫһɣ϶˿
ڴ磬ͨģ磬ʵնɱͼˡ
ԣһг֪ɣ϶ԡ
ػߣһ
ԣӦһˡǧǰҪһˣ϶ͷ˵
۾
񾳽磿
ʿеϴ󣬾һ˳
СӣڵսҹҲǿ̤һżɣȻʥֶμǿ˽ͨսӦǲǳġɼˣս磬Ҳǲġ϶ҡҡͷ
ܣҲҡͷ
ʿϴֶͨǼֲġ
ˣԵͷ˵ҪһɱңҲɣԣһҪԿţڽһ֮ǰȽһ¡
ȡɫ
Ѿǽӽͼˣȱٲϣͽһ죬Ϊˡ


867 һ
ڣǿԶԴ˽һơ
Ҫ֪Ʒʯ񾧵ԴڣҲ̺ͬԪء񾧣ط̺ԪǼΪġ
һӵõʮ񾧣һЩҲ޷
ȡһЩ񾧣ǺķһǧƷʯʥҲóԿʼһɫ
õһ񹦴к󣬾Զĸ򣬿˵Ѿ˼ĳ̶ȡǷȱģʵȻûжľ飬ڵӽĳɵ͵ûʲôġ
֮󣬾ԾͶϣķʥʧͬʱ˽ӽһǧ񾧺ʹƷʯ̥ǡ
Ե̽鵽ڳڲռ䣬һɫԲ֮ǰڵġ
Ȼӱ濴òȻûб仯ȻߵʱҲɫ΢һЩ
ϣҲøܿ
϶鿴
ˣȻȽϵͼȷʵ϶ͷ
Ҳùȥ˿ȷʵˣڲռγ񻷣ңҸоⳤǿ
˵񻷣ӦþǳڲռĲɫ⻪Щ⻪ɢŷܡ
ܣһһ
ԣⳤȻǾΪʲô֣ߴ
֣Եǻû⡣
ȻҪ֣ѰҲˣߣʹõĲʷ綼Ƕģһܲϳɳôû֣ߵ˵
ⳤĲȷʵޱȣۼֵҪ߸ܵĲʡ϶ͷ
Ҳ΢΢һ㶡
ĲʣȻҪЩʿ
ôͽкϼɣ˵
ϼʩչһƬѪɫϼ⣬ֽкϼҲʡ
ܣԶûھԵģֲǵġ
λͨ˵ڶѾõȫĲһ񹦴Сôͨûʲô𣿡Կʵ
ɻ
ֻ֮ǰڶûͨҲûѯʡ
ԣΪõû𣿡϶תĿ
ѾõĴУѵͨƿԿ˿ܡ
ҲһȻ֪ʲôΣɾͨ
֮ǰɱƻྪˣˣûƻֺ
ƿ϶ܣͨҲġˣҪѰҴߡȻڣͿ϶壬ͨͱضܵõһЩûеĶ϶ҡҡͷ˵
ԳĬ


ԴӵڶС
ͷţ۲漴ԾüͷڵڣȻܵ޷̿
ԣֻ۴
ǰĵһ͵ڶҪСһЩ
ͻȻһ
ǰ漸ʮ֮ĵطϢվһɫӰ
磿̽ԵĽһͬʱϼУԪתĽ䱸
ˣɫӰ˵
磬ѾꡣڣȵܽˣɫӰ嶯ž
ͬʱԸоһɼǿ˷ѹԼ
Բİڵһ͵ڶʱͳܹܹ֮
ֻǵڣȴǿʮ
ԣܵסһУұͨһأɫӰг
һУ΢΢һϲ
ϴնɱػ߳Ҳ޷һоͽɱɣԼʵػ߳൱ҪסϴһУӦò̫Ѱɣ
ÿ죡оһ
ϴѾˣ
ɫѾ˾Եǰ
϶˵һ㶼ûϴĹ̺ǿķܡܣǵͨܡ
䣡Դ߶ϼֵͨͷš
ֱ꣡Ӿͱ޴ˡ
Ȼ屻ˣԲδˡ
סˣһܳԼҲȫƾʵסˡ
סˣǺǣ˵һУɲǽһϴ뾰Զʡ
ʱ򣬾ǰɫͻȻŷ
һ

ʮ
ʮ⣬ͬʱ뾰ϯ
ֻͷƤ飬ЩɲӰܸоɢĺܺɱ⡣ÿһ⣬̺ǿṥġ
ôô죿
һʩչȻ˲Ϣʮ൶߶ϸԪ


868 Ħʱ
һ񹦣Դ߶Ԫٶȸ졣
ϼǰͷŵĽ⣬һƬԡ
ɫ⣬ĺںɫ֮ϣ֮ģһ졣
̫ˣ̫ܼˣ
ÿһⶼ̺˵ܣ¾Ԫתٿ죬ǿٿصķٶ࣬ǲȫֵס
գ֮䣬ɫϱǿµĺɫֱžԴ
䣬Ժһ
ʿϴ󣬸ԴȻҲǲ뾰ԾôȥԲ䣬ĵҲԲĻɱԡ
ȻзʥټǿܹвǿߵĹ£ǵ͵ס
䣬һϴ֪˲ɢµ⡣
ĽǼģҪʱ䶼Ժˡ
ǣûжͷ
ϸȻһۻԪӿ
䣡ռ
ͨǧһ֮ʣڵѾԴԵͨʩչ
΢΢һ£Եʧԭء
ʧȥĿ꣬ڿռڿٻ
Զ¶ӰľԣȫҲһ亹Һãѹûǿ谭ʩչͨĵز֮ƣͨȴѹ
ͨϴһڴһߵľԣڣԴһ˿ȡ
ղѾ˽ͨھȻʩչһͨһʥߣͨϴЩԾ
ûһͨҲҽͨԵͷ
ţѵã㵽磬һֱȥȥ磬ԼĴϴɫָ糣
ˣصĵͨˡϴһ˵
ղ˵ˣֻҪܵסһУ㾰Թءһù԰ȻȻ濹⡢ֵͨϾҲǾյı¡
л磡æ֡
ϴʵ̫ǿˣսԾһжס
ҿյͨͨڼʱնɱҲ٣ҿԸ㣬õһͨ磬Ҳᱻֱӻɱġϴ˵һ䡣
Ȼͨһأô˵ķԸҽ㣬Ҫʹãϴ˵䣬𳤵жһɫ״
ĿȻ״ϡ
ͨһڶ󣬾Ծ͵õȫĲһ񹦴Уͨ֮ǰͲ²ͨܵõʲôڿصĽǺɫС
𣿹Ƿʶѯʡ
˵ҲȷʵЧȴΪ⣬޷㹥Ҳܰⶫ磬ҲĶǿᡣϴ徰Цһ˵
ŶϴĻҲ
ⱦĦʱԸıʱ١ãԺоɣϴкɫСݸԡ
æ˹
ıʱ٣
ôı䣿ʱҲܸı
Եõȫһ񹦴УҲ֪ʱͿռ䣬ǹĸκתѳʱͿռ䡣
ʱͿռ֮£ǽľˮַַݻԪأԪ֮Դ˵κ壬Ԫɡ
Ҳ˵ʱ䡢ռ䣬ټϽľˮз򣬾ܹȶ磬תȥ
ߴ֮⣬кڰ򡢹ͻĴⷨ
ʮһַ򣬶ϵģκһ֣ݺ硣
ЩҲıǡϵķ򣬲£
ϴȴ˵ĦʱĶܹıʱ١
ԵȻɣ
ӹĦʱ̽һҲҪ졣ٿϴƺҲ˵Ҳû׷ʣĦʱԼУԺоǡ
ʱڶڣ϶ܣɴ۾ͨλá
ôû
ⶼȥ˺һᣡ
Ѿɱ˰ɣ
⡭⣬ò׵ȵһĴߣѵôɱˣһ֣߳Ҫã
ܣЩǾãڵ̫ˣӦ˳ġ
磬Ҫȥ϶˵
ҪȥȥҲŲȥûдټҪеȥ϶һ˵
ٺ٣粻ȥȥɣƤЦĿ
ߣһʵȥһƾͽķ˳ȥ߷ɳʮ׵䵽ϣ˼ͷ˻


869 ܸ
Խʱ̫ã϶ܣҲԽԽĳ
ˣ
⾰С츳ߣõ˵ĴУٶҲǳˡҪһСôɫĴߣҪʱɣ
ܣҡͷ̾Ϣ
ǼϹ˵ʲôҹ
һͻȻ
ţ
Ǵǣ
ǽ϶ȿܶ΢΢һ㶣žѹ
ѵûԲͨĿ˰ɣ
ǾԱϴɱϴӦòẰǽŶԡ
ȥӰӵڶ
Ǹһ룬ͿվϴߣЦеĿǼ
磬СѵͨĿˣ϶ȵʵ
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
벻ҡͷԵž˵
ȷʵͨصĵҲ뿪صȥҽǼǣ벻뾰һȥϴʵ
϶ȿ⻰һ
ȻǿܣҲģ⼸ʵҲķҲ뵽ȥʹûдɣǾͱ֮ڣҲµǾԲΥġ
ھԵõĴУͨϴصĵҲ˵ھ֮ǰϵʹʱˡ
뾰һȥȥɡϴҲЦЦ
磬⻰ʲô˼ѵ㲻һȥ϶üʵ
ҾͲȥˡϴ΢˵
ȷʵûд뾰һ뿪Ҳ뿪
Ǽ뾰һߣȥʹھߡ񣬾Ȼʵϳǲ٣ȻܰæǼסҪԵİȫϴɫ϶ȿܵ
磬Ϊβǡ϶ȿܣϴ
ˣ˵ѾǳȥҲҪǧҪ鷳Ĳǡϴһ˵
ϴô˵϶ȿҲͲٶˣȻϴѾˣǿ϶׸ı⣬Ȱ˵Ҳá
󣬾Ա϶ȿܣϴǣصһ
ѩȻڱչ֮УԺͿǣĵȴ
ʮ죬ѩء
ԣѩһ۾ѰҾԵӰԾڲԶŰġ
ѩ뿪ɣЦЦ
뿪ѩ΢΢ü
ţѾͨȫˣ뿪ˡԵͷѾǵʾļޣһҪ׼ʥˡҲż׼ȫΪͻƶʧܣǾ͵òʧˡ
ӵʾͻʥ˵һѿԽϡԵͻƣҲżʥɱʱĶ⻹Ҫ鹦ھԵķǿ
ţһѩʥҲһҲ³ç¡
߰ɣѩͶǣȽǬС磬Ҵ뿪˵ţ㽫ѩܣ뵽ǬС֮ڡ
һ̤뿪
Ŀ⣬Ϸۡ
ಣֱշС
ԨǿĻϵžԳѹһһԪתǶʥ˵ΣյĻͱ
󣬾ԶǿϷȥ

Ԩ֮⡣
֣оԨĻϢûб仯
ӰڲԶ֮ϣһӰ˵
⿪˵ˣȪڵһʥǿߡ
ȪǶƷԨжƷʥǿУȪͬҲСûʥţûпܽƷġ
Ʒʥǿ䣬ƷҲںܶʱڱżȥ𽥻Ʒ
ȪԱߵģǷҵһλʥǿߡˣҲʶͬ峤׷ɱԵһʥ
ҸоԨƺ΢һ仯ȼٿȷԨֲ仯ͿԴϢˡҵʥǿĿ˵
ʱ㣬ԨȷʵҪˡԨʱῪһΣڿʱڣǿǰ̽顣ϾԨÿοֻʱ䣬һˣҪһꡣ
ҵʥȪΪ̽ԨԨ֮ǰԨһĲ仯ʱܻһʱ䣬Ҳ̫á


870 Ϸ
ȪͷʥͷԼ꣬Ԩ
֣ʮǰǷ׷ɱԵԨûֻɱӣǱˣȪ׺˵
Ȫ裬ǱɱʱȪҲǵѰҾҪֻûзǵʱ׷
Ҳº֪׷ɱԵԨΪˣר̵ѯʵʱ
Ǿóһѧٶȼ죬ǵʱҲû׼ʥĿ䣬ʵȻֻʥΪսǿ½֣ǵӣ¶δκ
ʥ˿Ȫ
ţҲ˵ˣŽʺţû˵ͲòᣬûĻɾͿɾ˵ˡȪЦһ
ӦԨҲģ˵˾ԡ
츳ǿߣһˣҲһ˰ˣûʲôôǧ˭ǵʥҲЦ
ʱǷʮʥΧɱԣþԽԨһֱٳҲʮʱ䣬峤ʴʧȥ˾ԵӦԿȷѾ
ף
Ծ
Ⲩ仯ƺһӾˣ
ͷʥɫ΢΢һ䣬һֱй۲죬ͻȻӦԨڵȻ
ô£ѵԨҪˣ
Ⲩκ̫һ˶ơ
ͷԣʲôʱ
һӰ˵Ӧ֮ڡӰǴԨ
ôܣ
˶ʥǿߣӦһʱҲЩˡ
Ԩڣô˷ɳ
ⳬ˵֪
ʱԨᾪ棬Ҫ˵˴ɳ
ٶȼ죬֮䣬Ѿ˳
ԣʥӰʱһ
ԨɳˣǾ˭
ʥ۾ԲžԣӶ·Ҫ
һֱΪѾԨⶼȥ˶ʮʱ䣬˭뵽ԾȻţƺһֱǻԨ
ԵôԨģ
ʥһʱͷӿ˼ҷɡ
֣˾ǾԣȪһԣ򷽼ʥ㵵ʵ
ʶԣδ
ԣǾԣʥ˵ͷ
˿ԣԵȻҲˡȪڵԲʶʶҵʥ
죬ЩϷʵŷʥ
֣־ȻţһΣˣȪӦĿоһԪ߷ŷʥͺһӭȥ
ʥҲ
һ̽Ԩȴɿ˾ԣȻ׷Źٿ֮䣬ȡһʥ
Ǵɣּˡ΢ЦԷʥкһתȪҲǷˣ
ߣϷȪԣɱȪ裬ұҪɱȪŭ
ԭȪڵ۾΢С
ԣɣʥһȡ
һֻʥһֻȡһɫԶȥ
ɫ˲̿һǼǿ
ʥȻ¾ߣʶԵٶȣ֪ѡߣҲ׷ϡһ׷ɱԣΪûеһʱͽóɹӵԨ
½֣»ڣСԨܻϿ϶дܣʥȪ
˵ûд⣡ȪӦ
λ｣ŵģҪʲôʱһЦ
ţԶУģӰ
Ԩе
Ȫü
㲻ڷںúôţʲôʥһתĿ˵Ǻܿ
һƷҪӣȴȫûҪңЩڡ
֣⻰ɾͲˡԨҵĵϡҵ㣬㲻ϼţһʲôһŷʥ
⻺Ҳ˷һʥ
ɫ΢һ£һת˽оԣҷҳˣҪɱҪְɣ
ҲһţϾʵԱʥˣȪˣºѵ֡
뾰ԵʶֽˡԣԵѣҪҰæ


871 ǳ
뷽Һܾ֮ǰйڣ˾Ͳˬ֮һֱþԵǱѯʾԵ˼ҲǳģֻҪԿڣͻְæȻһĿˣҲ͵Ƿһݴˡ
Ҳ·ұԨĵ̡˵Ĳϧһ㳲ΧԨУҲػ߳ȡ
ĻȪ¶ŭ֮ɫ
лˣЦ˹֡
ͻȻһת˵ԸС㣬ͲҪˣ
˵䣬Ȫ
ڶʮǰڶνԨ֮ǰǾȷʵûаնԸʥǿΧɱϾʱͨĳֹʥûС
ҪɱˣҲǵָ֮顣
üžԡ
Щ̫׾Ե˼ѵţԶԸʥңȪǷ棬ʥɲһոսʥܱȣʵǿټֶҲǼࡣ
ԣܵס֣
ȻԵҰæǵҶˣЦЩѿ
ԼƨɣҪ˼ң˼ȴ顣˭ϣܶЩʹ졣
ɱ
ԣ˶һͺ𣬺Ȼԡ
Ӱŷ֮ԡ
ֻǣУǵȴ·ײһεǽϡ
ٶȣҵײȥٶȻֹͣ˶ȫһѪԪ͡
ͬʱ
ô£¶ŵɫ
ɣ̧֣ӡĻ
֮תǳҫ
ֲϯȪˡӿ󣬷˶ʶļʥֵ
ܼ·渡ֳ
ǣЩɢܵ·̼߽˵ɢȥ׹䡣
ӾԳֵ׹䣬Ҳգ֮飬̣硣
ڲԶûף֪ʲô顣
ֽʬϵԴ
һ¾ȸˣԺлᣬȥаݷãٴζ֡
ԻǺܿģδΪԼʵ˲նɱĵزͰڳļӡ
ŶãԵĻȻѹ
ʱ򣬾ѾʧԶ˵ʡ
žԵıӰʧͻȻ΢΢һæ䵽˽ǰ
ˣˣɫҲ΢΢ס
һУɱˣôܣ
ԵʲôΪֻߣʲôֶΣǣҶĿãԾһĻûжʲô
ʥôɱˣĿӵԭͣ˺þã뿪

ѩȻԪ½ɣ
ԨԪ½֮Զ԰ѩ˵
ѩȻѾǵʾ۷弫ޣվṳ̂ʥʥǿǰѩû˿ֵŰѩԨߣЩġ
̤ʥ󣬴Ѷң㣡ֽ˵һ䡣
ѩʥҲǲԪ½ģʱ򣬾Ӱѩǡ
֪ˡ
ԣˡѩžԣ˵仰󣬱תԪ½
ΪԵ׸
Ԫ½ѩΪѾˡ
Ҳ˰ѩ㹻񾧣ʥ´ˡЩ񾧣ټŲ쵤Ծãѩڼʮ֮ھ̤ʥ
ˣʲôһֹһ䡣
ѩ뿪˺һᣬԻվԭء
Կ˿ߣЦ¶׵ݡ
ðɣҲߣһΣֱȥɳɣĿԶա
ʱȥĸˡ
Բ²⣬ĸ׵ļ壬ӦþɳĶƷҡ
ˣǾԿ϶Ҫĸ״븸žۡڣǳңҲûֹ顣
ಣ
֮ϣɫӰ磡
ֱӷдϼ򣬽ɳ֮ڡ
øлҵĵͼһҪʱ䣬ѯҵڣת
һգɳƷƿصķǣһɫ۵ߡ
լԺϿգ
ӴԺӣ
Ҳǹ࣬լԺڣϰ߻
ţҲǲʮγ󷨡һ׳תʥߣҪǿнҲ첻ھԵ֮£լԺһУصء


872 ټ
լԺһ࣡
ɢԼٶѰլԺߡϢǿʥߣԵ΢һЩʥ֮µߣȫ޼ɵɨ
ţһң˵ΪʥˣҲլԺУΪǿģһʥ
߱۾ȫûвԵڿš
Ե̫ǿˣ
̽
ꣿ΢΢һ
һԺڣԿϤףԪ½ְԼεķꡣ
ո˵ĸ׵Ů͹ϵͬá
ôҲ˵ȻԼĸ׼壬Ҳ϶ˡ
뼰ˣԾԵľЩ
ҵ˷꣬Ҳûм̽ȥеɻ󣬼ֱѯʱ֪𰸡
ͨʩչͨ
ط֮΢һ£ԱʧС
һ̣ԳԺķ֮Сڴ֮ϣԳڷڣ궼ûκβֻ꣬һʾھߡ
ŷ꣬ԵҲЩӡ
֪ЩϲԼġԪ½ԼҲΪĸ׳ǵУı⣬ԸԪ½Լ
ţĳ
곤Ľë˶¶һɻı顣
΢һʱ䣬۾
һ˫ĿеȻھԵϡ
ԼͻȻһˣһվ䱸Ŀžԡ
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ԣǲš
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Ȼ˵ڳǵϣӦòɱԣԱϾǳ峤ǣһץסԹ
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Ҫֿ˵һ䣬ӳԪ뵽ǬСڡ
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873 
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ԣѩ뿪ǻصԪ½ǻЩ
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Ϸ֣뾰ʲôϵѵҲǾԵŮ𣿡ԼգӣȴûС
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ȻɷϣЩʵ϶ǿұضԼֶ֪Ρ
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ʥôܣŶ೤ʱ䣿Ԫ½𱣻ԣžԴӺ쾳龳ٶȷʵܿ죬Ҫ˵ڽʥίʵ޷˽ܡ


874 ۼ
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ܣ꣬Ϊ˵ˡȵȡ
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875 ĸ
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876 Ӧ
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877 ܽ
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սӪȻªһЩҲרģϾ֮ؾд·ҲҪһطר顣
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սӪ֮Уһͳ죬ͳ졣ͳʥͳ죬ʥһ⼸ͳ죬ҲǳҸٹ̵ĳԱԣ峤ŮҲ̫ɵ
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˰òҪ̫͵һЩûžԣЦſͳ졣
Сӣô˵ģһվŭžԡ
ǣúúùܽӣҿҪܽˣֿǡ


878 սѡ
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һʥһߣ
ԱͶԳһЩȻ֪Լ⹫ҲıԼԼңЩĸܵίô㣿
ĸ׳ǰȻʲôû˵ԲɵΪĸЩúܺáڳұǹúã֮سսӪ
㵽˳սӪЩ쵰һЩĸסЩҲҶĸ׳ָġ
ĸҳ֣ǾԾԲƣҪݺԷһ٣Ҳôˣͳ컹ĸͳ졣
ˣСӣұúýô𾴳̲סˡ
ˣ
ʱͳͺһ
ʲôҰһЩͳкǳ𣬡ãɺͳ
ͳ췢ˣҲΣ׺ݵĶ˾һۣ˻ȥ
ԣǵĶӣֵսӪڣҲɣֶԾ˵ºһЩ
УԺҲҪעһЩȻǵĶӣҲܲؼ峤ңսӪĸͳ죬ԴȷʵŲҲܹȻײм˵
üһ۳УҪ뻹ͳƺ㲻
ǣЩף̫֮ΣˣǳսӪҲǾ԰ȫġ½㰲˽͵Ǽ屾ɡпǡ
ٴüǰ˸λ
ǿʼ˵Ҫɣ
ԼҲˣǳҵѡҲѡգȷһ¡лˣ˵
ۺͻһɽˣʵΪԣһͳ̾˵ͳˣҿȷ˳սɣʱڣҲҲʵǿʥ֮ˣ
ŵĶ˫ֱɳʥ֮߳սΪΪʤơʤһõһ¿ԴĿȨ
ҲΪʡҲͷӿ˵
Ǹͳ죬˼أпǡ
ͻһɽսûǣʵЩˣȻҲǵʾ۷壬ȴʱ䲻綼ȹ̣ʵȳһɽ١սһ֣Ǳذɵģüҡͷ˵
۵ʵȷʵ΢һ㡣ʱִܲ٣ûлᣬӼ屾ٵǿĵʾ۷ӵܹн˫ü˵
Ǹͳ˵ұذɣǰǸͳ˼Īҵõĳսѡˣ˳ֺη
һߣվųЦ˵
˾ǳۣһλλߵĳϵ
սӪǻ칦͵ġ
֮صսӪȻΣһЩҲǳӵܣ칦͵һõطӵܣսӪϼƶƽǻص屾󣬾ѰӵܲͬˣҲܵõļԴõõ
һδĶֱӲˣͬҲܵõߵĽʤΣ⽱õ
ԣ۵ȻսĶֲҪвǾˡ
Ǻǡ
Ǹͳһֱͬ۳ս룬֪ԭˣ
Ǹͳ죬ӦȵԼӼʱԼӳսɣż˵ֿԡ
ֻǣĶӾԣʾǣǴҳսЩװɣ˵ʵ̫͵ĻѲϳ䣿ϳ䣬ȶԷֵĻһжסնɱġ
۾ǳһֵ֧ѡҵλϣҲǳ۵ĹϵܡսӪȫǳ
ǽ˫ü
֮Բֳ֧ۣûа˽ġίʵǣ۵ʵȷʵƫǣȷʵҲûкʵѡƼ
ȷʵҪ󣡡ǿ˵
ʥߣμĶԱʥ֮¡
ȻԲʣǸͳƼ˭˵ֻҪ˱ȳ۸ǿսȻû˵𲽲ơ
ǺǣҿǸͳ죬ֻóͻһɽ˳սɣС۾Ц


879 Ե
үүǼʵȨϣսӪгͳȫ֧֣ȫû𾴳ͳ˼
ʵϣүүԳǾͺܲϲΪԪ½ӣүүû¼ҳǵĸҲǳҵ峤
һֱԹۣųһʢ˵ӣҲ̲סЦ
ԭڳ¿Դ£ûκ뷨ģȷʵ̫ҡ
ɼĸףΪ˼˾ģΪӣҲ޶ԡ
ǣ֮ʵЩ̫
ףԼĸ뿪ң¾Ͳó鷳֮Сĸ׿϶޷뿪
ˣ
Ȩҵĸװɣа̾һ
ڣ˵棬ͻȻЦһĿٴο
ԣЦʲôžԡ
ĪǾΪս
Ǻǣԣǵһμ棬˴˲˽⡣Ϊӱ˴˵˽⣬дһΣܻңǱΪսǽҲ㣡һתЦǺǵĶԾ˵
۲ΪԼƥе
һֱԪ½жǿΪ
ȻûȥԪ½Ҳ֪Ƭ཮ԴǷǳѷģ߾ѡ˵Ҫʾޱȵļѡ
Բʮͣ཮ôǵʾߣ
ô˵辰ԡǾԴӦд裬ͿֽѵԡǾԾܾͿ˵ûӡûóҲûӡ
۵ĻڳĲˣ΢΢һǿɲںǲ辰ԣûйϵˣԳǵĶӾͻȻҲЩ΢ʵģֻǰӲ˵
ҽ֣΢Ц
ôĪǾ㲻ǳǸͳĶӣǳ峤㲻ᣬ㵨ûаɣģڳǸͳϣҿ϶֡д裬ֻ˫ꡣۿ˿ԣֿ˿ǡ
Щ棬ԼսԣΪûֹ
ǸͳݣֹҲ˳
ۣһ½۷ߣҽ֣
㻹Ĳ䣡
ԣ⻰ɾ˵̫˰ǲҽ֣ǳϾͺãû˵ʲô˭˵ʲôĸ׿Ǹͳ찡ģĸܲܣһ
ۣ㻹ǿȷʵûʸҽ֣ΪҪҾһˡܻҵˡĵ
Ϊȴóеŭٵø
Եӣ׵ļŭ
Ե̬ȣǷĵףƲװġɾΪˣó޷Լķŭ

ðأ˽гɣŭЦ˵
ڳˣҲɻ
ͳ͸ͳ죬ԽսӪĵһʱ䣬ǾͶõϢ֪ƺûдһоһͬ˵ģҲһѡ
ȥɣ˵վ̤߳
ߣ̾͸ȥ
ڵˣ׷׽Ŀ⿴ͳС
ǿ˿ǣûκαʾԵͷȥɣ
ԣ߳á
ͳˣ㲻ǣһȽŮߣڳߣɻѯʡ
ǽҪҳսĳʾ۷Ϊߡ
С£ܴǿ˿΢Ц˵
ŶüΪܶԸۡ
ڳңһԡҲʲôʵȻڳ֮ϣ۱̫ˡ
ȻǶô˵ˣȻٶʡ
սӪ⡣
ԣ㲻÷дɣ棬ֻ꣬ⲢǾˡ
Է꣬۵ȻҲʶ֪Ϊ
̴ˣδ۷ʱҲҶ֡ӲܶҹвˡЦ
һԣŭĿųۡ
ۣˣ㣬ɲ£ҡͷ˿ꡣ
Ƕɣ˵һ䡣
ˢ
âһھǰˣ϶ܡ
ԸղѾ̸ܽ϶Ƕ֪ô¡֪Ե˼Ϊ˷ܣĦȭ̲ס̾Ҫ۴һ


880 ߳
϶󣬳˶ɫһ䣬вˣתԪ׼ʱ֡
⵹Ҳǽţ
ԼսӪ֮ڣһӳôİˣǲţǲǹ¡
λţǶҴģԳսӪûж⡣Կˣ˵
пռ磬Щˣ֮ǰĿռ֮ڰɣͳĿ˵
ռ磬ԨڣҲ̫ϡСһЩڣĿռ硣
ȻˣԨһռֵҲǷǳߵģһЩϣĳǧƷʯļ۸
ԣһߣ϶ǵòռȱġ
ղž߸ûκˣͻȻˣ˵ȻҲ뵽Եпռ硣Ҳ£еľǿ
һԪ½ߣôпռȱıȱԴǾսӪֵʲôĿģ
Ҫ˵ӵпռľԣңֻΪ˻һЩԴʵš
Ե˵ͷĬ˳еѯʡ
ĿҲãϿûпռ౦ǳʵȨϵĵĿǰΪŪռ౦֪ԾȻд˵ҲûеıеĶʻһȼ
ʱҪɱռͷǣԱϾǳǵĶӣǸܶɱԡתתҲֻýǿҵͷѹȥ
ԣһӾͳˣĪǴҶս𣿡۾ܣ˵
ߣְɣûǳۣǿ˵
Ȳˡ
ôһ˵߱óԼĺɫųۡ
޺ôĿҺܲϲɣְɣ߿ʵΡͦеĺɫ۾Բнкȡ
ߵĻиող΢ƽϢŭһ
Եһ£ȻҲôԼ˵
ֿǣӶŭɶ
ۣעִ磬㵽Ϊֹһ򵥵д衣жԳ˵
仰ȻǶԳ˵Ҳ˵ġ
ŸӦһߵľ磬ȴԼӦԪоЩò׼ߵ硣
ߣɱ̫ŪȻе˼룬Ƕһ䡣
ĽŪˣǻЩ̫ճϾĿǰΪֹԻûҷΪֻĸ׼м䣬ĸ׵ķϣҲ̫
İɣߣģ㽫Ūߵͷ˵
ʱ꿴üͷ΢˵С㣬ģԵļ£ʵǿġۣûᡣ
ǬС磬ʶߵĿ¡ʱߣ߸û֣ȴ˲߷ֺ֪Եжǿ˵ģʥߣҲٵǡ
ôһ˵Ҳɵĵͷ
䣡
ȳˡ
½ĵʾ۷Ϊһ֣ҲΪ˵ġ
ڷŭ֮£ճ֣ͼȫԸˣ̵ʱܾҲþ֪֪۵ʵ
߼۳֣гҲͬʱɱ˳ȥ
ɫĵ⣬ڿռһĺۼųϮɱȥ
飡˵Ĺݺݵײ
Ӱͬʱˡ
һǿľ
ûκѧܣֻǴѵǴߣվǴӵܣʶǲġ
ֻͨһУͷߡ
ߵȿܣȷʵҲ߱ȽơߺܣȷʵǴԵС
ӰһЩ룬ԸٶŶԷȥ
ߵĹ̫ǿ̤ʾͨߵĿ˻òһ񹦵ĵڶ֡ǵޱǿʥ߶ٲǹ̫ǿ
ߺͳӰɱһһʱ侹ѷѽ⡣
Եʵǿ
Ȼۣɱ̶ֳȣӦǴߡ
ѹָӦԪ
е˿ⳡɱҲתͷ
ò˵۵ֶȷʵǱȽ϶࣬ڳҵõĺö١ԼٳٲܻߣȡһЩĶΪ˻ߣҲǲֶˣһԵıﶼϧá
ҵ£Щıó۵սʱڴҵһᣬƿߵĵ⡣
¶һ˿ЦеͺһҲɨߵϡ
߱ɨУɳʮײء


881 
׺ݣ
Ϊ˻ߣĴۿɲСһΣʱ̿Ա󣬲Ĺһʥһ൱
ʾ۷ʥһĲǼġ
Իǵʾ۷ʱսεȱ뺷˵Ԫ½ҲڶôǿĵʾߡԹżʥһߵʱ򣬾Լûκεֵ
ɴ˿ɼܿʥһȫһֵжߣ
ʵҲۣΪ棬ҲƴˡǱ߻ܣ涪ˣԵһ򲻹ĻƤμӳŵĶ
𿴵߱ɣҲɳһ
ԭΪۿɾͻܾԵȴû뵽ԵȻʵ֮ǿĴߡղҲΪһѺ
ֱʱĿеĽŲɢȡ֮һ˿ϲ⡣
ֻǣϲոո֣ͺȻʧ
ֻǱɵߣ˫غ󣬾ȵͬǶһ㣬ûе¡
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۵ĽֱӻУߣҲ׺ɣ
Сޣֶεǲ١ֶξߣǲܵģ߳ų΢΢һЦӰٴγۡ
кɫɱ
ЩɵˣæȫֵӰٶȾһ
ڲԶһֱ΢ЦһԡԤϵ˽ȻûκεġҪѹߣҲʥ߲ſҪݻߣʥ߶첻
ڳĳˣһҲŹ֡Ƕ۵Ľߣȴûκ˺ۡ
ǿ̶ȣҲֲ̫ˡ
ѵۣ޷ܾԵһ
ԾǴʲôطշǿģ
ߵˣȷʵǿǵԷ˵
С㣬ߣӦ֮УʵһЦЦ
ʲô¶Ծı顣
ߣһģ硢ֱ硣Ǹ磬ʵ¡Ȼû֣ദ˼죬ǬС磬϶ȿദ˺üʱ䡣
Ҳ߹϶ǲ࣬ǿܡ
Ϊ˶ӣ굹ǲöԳǽ϶ǵݡ
۵ɱ˽ӽյʱ䣬ֳʤ
ߵĹһֱάǿܡǳȴڶս֮УԪĺܿ졣Ԫĵһ̶ȣͻήͣܣӿʼѾעˡյʱ䣬ֱſ˵ϡ
Сޣ֪ߵ˰ɣ߽۴ſº󣬱𳤵˻վھߣԶԶ˵
ʱ۴ӵݵߺ;ԡ
ô˵棬ߴſ£ۻδôһɽǻǿܣԵһζܲˡ
ģ
۵ϣƺҪγˮ
ͳɫͬҲÿ۱ܣǾԵƣҲǴϡ
ǣûɷ
뾰Եԣ̣˶Ŀá۱ܣѵҾԵĲǣûɣ
ֻһͨ߻ǳͨԱ˵ɾǳǵĶӣû˵ùȥɣôҾ鷳
ԣʵǿ΢Цȵž˵ܽزʵѵãܲ
ҲʵһЩʵһ㡣ЦЦ˵
ԣͲǫˣ۶ѷһսӦԱʾ۷ˡаڰ˵
ʱ˼Ѿڿǣǲþ԰æߣҳսˡ߳սǿ϶Ҫȳ۸һЩ
Ѱ˼Ÿο뾰԰æǲóǳתȽϺʡ
ԣҲҪ⡣ɱδؾͻߡУʵǿʲôãֲԼǿҪͣԼϳұԣеĻҧʲ
Կۡ
˵ˣҽ֣ûǸʸ񡣡۾
ۣ˰ɣѾˣͲҪٶˡ˵ˣܵõʵ֮ǿ棬ҲǾԵı¡п˿ۣȰ˵
ͳˣ̫ˣҿˣǹ⼤ңԣҲ֪ʲôطշһߣгұԣҶҳۣ۴˵
ߣҪٴһԣ㲻־ͲҪǸϳ۶ݺݵ˵


882 һָȫ
вʣͳжԾ˵ǷҪ֤Լ
Եߵ£ʵȷʵǿأ
ڳۿһʼͽϳ֣϶Ϊʵǿ
ûܻߣϣߵʵҲʵһЩһĽܡ
۵Ļüͷ
ۣҲ˷ʱ䣬÷Ŵ㣬Ҫٺڵġۿųۡ
Ϊ˾̶ȣľҲɱġ۵ͣȾԴ࣬ھԿȷʵûǸԼʸ
Ѿ߻ܣȴҪԣþЩ
ô˵ˣ
ԣǺ£Ҳǿ㣬øҹԹԹ뿪սӪдϲͱˡ
̬ȣ͸϶ηˡˡ⼸ʵ϶ߡһó֮սǾͱذɡ
ۣ£Ҫ뾰Ծˡٴγ
ۣһԣҲʲô˵顣߶ԣд裬ӮǺֻǣȻˣҪʲô˼Ҳۿڡ
ұ죬ҪΪ̤۷ʱ磬Ӿ㣡۲ֱӶײУԳһ㶼
ƾҲ˵Լ
㡭Ҳֱ¡
ˣ˵䡣ͳӶ˶ͳˣС֮д裬Ҳʲô£Ҳһĥ¡Ȼ򼸳ЩҲùĸ档ȻˣԲ⣬ǾˣܲǿȾԡ
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ЦЦɨ
ۣһ֣󣬾Ŀųۡ
ߣֻҪǸߣһԣ϶ʵǿ
Լѡɣҵһҡҡͷ
ѡ
ԣɱڡĿһ˿ϲɫĿ϶ȿһһɨ
϶ȿܣҲЩЦãҲȷʵЩɶ񡣾ʵ߳ԣȻΪʵǿ֮⣬ʵҲҪǿһЩ
Ҿѡָ֣վ϶
ܣͶࡣ忴϶΢һЩ
Ǿã϶öԸ϶վ棬ʶΪ϶ʵ
Ҫѡü
ԣĪ뷴ڲɣղſ˵ģѡһһĵ⡣
磬ְɣóڴɼ°ɡԲǳۣ϶˵
ðɣ϶ͷ
϶Ҳû뵽۾Ȼѡ
һʾߣȻҪսʥ߶Ҳûʲôʤ㰡
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С㣬Ҫˣ϶ʵӦǿģ۾ȻѡһǿĽ֡Щɫ졣
УҲǳ뿴۳Ա
ۣһսɲҪپˡüԳ˵
֪ˡЩͷĻӦһ䡣
ҵ£һȴӿд۳ų϶˹ȥ
϶΢΢һЦٴҡҡͷ
ҲûóԼֱӶųյһָ
϶Ķڳˣȫ¶ŨŨɻɫ
Եʲô
Ҳˣʹôһָô£
ͳǣҲ⣬üͷ
꣡ɻ󲻽ʱڳ۵ߣһֲ֡
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۵ĹֱӾͱ飬ûκνֵʱ䡣
ˣţ۵ɫͱòҰס
ſڷһҽС
漴һֱͦͦ˵ϣƴȫȴָ޷
֣

ڳԺоһʱ䣬ûоϵĴʹ
϶ִ˾ԵһȻҪ˳۵СҲڴϼʹһЩ˵ҩҲҪһµʱָܻ
һĻ˶ˡ
һɴ۾Ŀдŷ˼Ĺâ
϶ͲгֵӣǶųһָתصԵߣޱվ


883 æ
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п϶ҲһĪĺȻ
Եʵжǿоһ֣ԼҲܲ϶Ķ֡
ѵʥǿߣ
ͷһ΢΢ҡҡͷ϶ʥĿԲԨڣʥǿһǺպĴڣ˵ʥǿߣԸΪ˵
ô˵϶ʵǼǿһӹɡ
𾪺󣬱ϲЦտ֪϶ʵǿģȴҲ벻϶ǿ̶ֳȡ϶˵ʥǿ߶κβǣȫģûдĳɷ֡
ҵĶӾԣʥ𣿡ʥܵõǿ׷ߣ
֮ǰȻ˵ԼʥҲǲԸţǺѳ׵š
ʥ̫һЩڿԼĶӾԣʥǿߡ
ˣпڵ
ڣǰ
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۵ƣԲᣬڵ϶޷ˡʱƣһˣ鷳ˡ
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λǻã֮ǰ۵¡лˡ
ͳˣѵôˣ
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ͳ죬£һʼǳģ뾰кιϵҲЩŭ˵һʱЩ
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Ҫ£𣬶ĻͲҪ˵ˡֱ
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»صڣĶ顣
ԣ£Ըæ˵֮УͻȻԾʵ
˶ĬĿ⿴ԡ
ͳ˺⣿΢Ц
ԣҲ֪ˣǳңҪһĶһ¿ԴĿȨΪ˫ɳѡڵҳгͻһɽ˳սһ
ʵǿۺ߽ʱҲˣӦǵʾߣսǿϣߴҳսҲϲսпžԡ
߻ܳ۵ʱóǳȰ˵Ե뷨ڼ϶Ŀֲʵô»Լ˵ȽϺãҲֶԾԵء
㾰ԱⲻæԼĸ׳ǵϣӦҲӦ
ԣĿǰȷʵȽϽǷ㣬ͰæɡҲӿ˵һ䡣
ĸ㶼ô˵ˣһܾܾ𣿡ЦЦ
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Ǻǣ˵ʵҶԳҵĽûʲôȤԣһǽݽŰɡЦһ
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ĿǰսӪȻΪ˻һЩԴ
϶ǿߣῴϳܸǵԴҴʱԴҲ֪
ϰæǾ̫ˣҴսӪл㡣վϿҵ˵
ԾԣȻöԴһ󱲵̬ˡ
˭ֲ֪ǷʲôȻ˵ǳǵĶӣɾһֱԪ½ֲڳҳ󡣾ҲûùҵԴԾǲԸæܾæҳʲô˵ԵĲ
Բ˵
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˵νͨʿĿˣõĴУҲЩꡣû뵽ԾȻ⿪Ǭķӡ
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սϹŴҵģۼطûġ
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սٶȣʵǲҹάȾԵķٶȣ̫̫ࡣǾֱӷи·ǿһʱܵڤսӪսȴ̷һʱ䡣


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ֻǣʥ֮ľԱٶȣ
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ӳսӪһӽʱȥ󣬳еս
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ڤڣȻôءߵɴۣЩõ顣
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ʯܴʥѣ߻δܻʯȻ˵߿϶ᱻˣǣ̨ôĵطһ̨߱һҲˡ
ߣһսȥˡԶҡҡͷȥɣ
ʵҪһ
Ҳ߳սģ߶ʯȻûաϵܲܶ¿ԴҲ֮ܵҪԻʤΪһĿꡣ
ԵĻ¶ʧı顣
˿ߣãһսɣߣҲʧԺֵĻᡣ
ȥȥɣҲŲʧߺߺߵ˵
ԣ˵ͷ̤߳ϳ̨
ԣλֵܣʵ߻ǿ𣿡Щĵʾԡ
ȷʵǿԵ
ֵҲǵʾ磿ʥɲϹء˵
İɣ֪ЦЦ
һߣսӪȺ
¿ԴѾǵ֮ˣװЦ¹衽̸
ţʯ棬˵ȲʤȯǶԷʥʯ֡¹衶ʯʮ㡣
ʯڤڵˣʯʵǳ˽⡣
ȻˣʯҲڤڵĺĳԱ£ΪصĳԱʯһʥôǸոսʥһʯѰʥ߿⡣
Ҫл¹ͳİæװЦ
ҲǴɣʯǰһʱ䣬պ֮Ҳû㹻ʱ䣬֪ͨűʯʱ¹衵ͷ
һΣעҪʧˣװЦ
¿Դ̫ˡһĿԴҲ˷ķᡣֻ֣á¹Ŀ⿴սӪ
ԣʼ¹Ķһսʼ


890 
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һ˳ǹһ̨ϷĶԹ
ͨߵĹʽȫͬʱ̨ϣûлѧط۵Ԫ⻪ֻм򵥵ĺɫǹâ
صĺù㳡Ⱥܵ´ص𶯡
Ҳߣ
ǿߣ
ǴҵˣӦòǳˡߣӦϢװ¹衣ų̈ϵ
ǿǿ̶ȣȻܹʯ
Ϊʯ۳ɳ˳սᱻɻܡڣķչȻǵԤϡ
໣ʯʱŭ۾ͨ춢
ǣеĳǹ󣬾ȻδһѪ޷⡣
ʶͳ̶ȣƺԼ廹Ҫš
㣡ôģʯһʼûƵɱĽУЩżˡ
壬Ƿǳѵġ
ϣ߾Ͳôˡ壬Ҫﵽʯĳ̶ȣȷʵǼĺ
ʯΪԼӦʥ֮ǿߣ֣ʶǰ뷨ˡûߣ֮ǰû
ʯѯʣûκǣеĺɫԾɷĹ
Դ˼ҪʯҪɵնɱʯ
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Ϊܻң
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Ƭ̺󣬴ԼҲǺʱ䣬ɫӡɢ̤ߵԼĺɫ֮ǰ赭дļ
ٿʯѾѣĽ⣬Ҳˡ
ʯˣ
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ڤڵ¹衣һ˻Ӱһԭؿ̨ѳһʯʬ壬¹衺١
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891 ڶƻ
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ԵЩ׶ĹȻڤڵʯˣ˭ģ
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Уǡǲ̫ˣ
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տʼʱ򣬳˽ڤսӪ¹衵˲δ⾰ԡȻԿȥҲΪǳͨĳԱˡ
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ԵĻ¹޷˭֪ʯڤڵˣȴųսǳսӪѵͲ֣˵ڶʱһɽˣװôӦ˵ģѵҪԼԼ
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ǴߣǴڵĿǿ˴ߵʵֲ봫ɱֻҪﵽҪȻͿˡһ˵϶
ܣҲͷ

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892 
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¿Դϣȷʵ󡣿ϣҲþȥ
ǳŵĶŽ𣿡ü
ڤһĶڤҪǰһǳĶͳܹܾ𣿡ҡҡͷ
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ԣʯԵɱˡϵͷԵǹǿʯɱˡʯɲöԸ
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893 񾧿
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ȻҲ϶ȿܣ뿪ա
еˣɫأΪҲܵؼŹܸ֮֡ɲһĸ߼ġ
ܶԷ˵Ȼ⣬ƺҲ³е˴ϢȥԲôֶΡ
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ɶôڤڣΪҪǳսӪ
ʥǿ֣߳濴ǳսӪݣԺɨһƷˡ

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ΪҪҳսӪǻ˵ضǾԵɱڤڵʯŭڤڣǵڤڶǶ֡˵
ǴϼһԾΪ˷ֹѣǻⲼ˸֮ĴڳҺŵĶ֮ǰǾͲúһУҪսӪɣһĿɨ˵
˵ûɲǼ򵥵̼ġĴ󣬱ضҪǰáеͷ˵
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˵ôϻʲôãǸô죿ʥ֣ܻ߳𣿡˶ţ˵

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ڤΪ˿¿Դеͳѯʡ
ǽҲɣ˵ˣҲ޷
¿Դڣһ񾧿ң񾧵١Уãǳҵܳһḻ񾧿𣿡װϷʵųЦ˵


894 
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Դ֮£һ񾧿
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װһе˾ȫˡ
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װûԤϵսӪ֮Уʥߡ֪ģǳͳ죬һʥУǾۼسսӪ֮УʵǿߡսӪͳ죬ʥһˡ
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ڤսӪʱÿտյġеʬ壬Ϊޣͺﱾûκһ㡣

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ͳ죬ǶصġģڤҪȻӦԡԿеڵڤڵķ
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ˣڤսӪפȺ峤ϵִ
պڤڱ
𣿡ڤڵһɫѯʡ
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Ԫ½ԣǵĶӣ
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ڤսӪһ˵Ϣܿ͵õˣ̾˲̽׷ʲô顣
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ЭЭѵϣɳʥߣȥ𣿡ɽЦ˵
ڣɽ϶״ӦȻһΣҲʧܴ󣬿ɳɳڤвҪͷۣҲڤȥͷ۲Ŷԡ
ֻϣɽɳһЩǿЭҡԸңȻڤͷ󡣶³֮һ¿Դص񾧿ҲȫڣڤھԲȾָֺΪ˶ԸңҲƴˡ


902 ң
ȷʵо˼вڤһƷĵλƺѾЩˡ
׻ڿԲżλɳڤڲܲżɲڤڱҴһƷλϼȥڤھԲܱȡ
ȻһЩ⡣ĴѶɽЦ
⻹ҪڰæǶҪĳ⡣ڲҪ¿ԴҪɳۼسԴеɡɽһ
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ԤϵɽʨӴ󿪿ڣȴҲû뵽ɽθڻô
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ѡȨڶУ㲻ܴӦǾˣû̸ҪһҾɳڤڻ֮ص棬һëʣ¡ڤڣܳΪʷɽЦԶ˶
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ӦĻҵǻԸһϢϢӦδ֪ɽ˵
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Ϊ˶Ըң󲻵òȿò
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ҲһƷɽ˵ģôڤڣ÷ҲͽĻһƷ֣ƾǾı£Ҳ֮ذɣ
ϵң̾͸峤ȥѶϢ

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ЩѯʣҲһһ򵥵Ļظ
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ԣҲ϶ȿܳ棬⵱ȻǸϵӣǸԼĸ׳ӡ
ϵˣֻгеڤսӪ
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ڤսӪıݻˡϵૡһ䡣
£ǳǰԲġɳκһ¶룬ȥ顣
ǾԣĿ⿴ԡ
ԾվڳߣȻûԣԣҲܲµó
Ǿԣ˭ƣӣʡ
ǳһ
ԭǳ۵үүԻȻĵ˵ͷ
ߣۣолͷһתںԣɾԵ⼸ǿɲܵ
ԣѾͬҡת˵
ϲǣϲԣھԵ˳ۺ󣬳ԾԾ͸Ϊִ
֪Եļս뺷þԺңԳҶȴž޴ĺôԣҲòͬþԼҡ
ң
Һ˵ҪˣԵǲЦ
Լżһĸ׳ǲԸʱ뿪ĸǰԨˣĻ
ʵȨϳȻһĿǣԼҡԼôңǿЦĺܣңе˼ҲԣþԴҡԼңǳҷܻͬ⡣


903 Ц
˼羰
ϵǾԵǾԡ
ԵĻŭɫԡ
ϣȲҪ˵һ׷ߣĿ⵭ɨ
ǳ棬ҲǳΨһŵʥǿߡ
óҪ˵Ŀ⿴ԡ
ԵѣϸղŵĻܴҳҵ˼棬̬ȵǷǳûóļӣƺΪѣҲصζ
ԵѣǵĶӣȻԪ½ĸԪ½ࡣǣϣվҳҵѪҲϣܻعҡȽί
ǰԣЩ꣬ҶȷʵûоӵΣԹ⹫ڣصǳģҿԱ֤ԲҪȥʲô¡㲻飬岻ǿ󡣡Ҳֿ˵
϶Ծԣʵһ֮ġԣϾŮĶӡԸǳɳмôǿڹ˽϶ϣܼңΪҵһԱ
Ҳҵġҡҡͷ
ңһĸ뿪ɳĸӦ븸žۡԽ˵ȻˣһߣһὫڤһ´á
ĸ׵ϣһһѡҷֵ¿Դһ񾧿ᱻȫƿؿɡɳڻ֮صľۼأԺҲɳƿأгȡ棬ԼԻ˵š
ǲȥҵġ
ӵǿзֿĸ׺͸׵һ𣬾ע˾ڵľ
ԼõǬ䣬ĸ׺͸״޹ءԼ죬ܻţ׾¼ϿҲȥңҲһʧԪ½
϶һۣǿԵ̬ȺܼӦú˵ˡ
ڣԻҶԿڤڡ
ԵѣȻ˾ǳҲǿ˵
лԵл
ڤսӪڤھưոݡڣһڼ׼ԸҡǣҲǰ׼ѾһЩ峤еĴûдӦ֧ǳҡ϶˶˵
峤оԺ⼸λаǣڤΪУǳҶԿڤҲǲܡп˵
ԣ⼸λѣҶ԰ɣϿ϶ȿܡ
ȻɣľԲȫ⼸ʵǿûоԵæǳҶԿڤڣûκһ˿һĻᡣ
峤ģҺҵᾡԸڤڡҼȻڤսӪȻûⷽĿǡ֪ڵʲô
ԣЩεЦЦ
⼸λѰæǳȻԷˡϵΪ峤ңлλѵ
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Ҫ̶ֳȣǰ벽εǿߡ
磬벽ս伣ˡ⼸ǧû˵ʲôطֹ벽ǿߵټ
벽񣬾ǳԽʥǿߣʥ֮䡣
ڤսӪȷʵǾһ˴ݻٵġʱЩˣǼλѣڷڤսӪ·ϡǵִڤսӪ˾ˣ¹ͳ졣˿ԣӿ˵һ䡣


904 ѡ
ڵĳھǰ˵ǫֻһʥһߣ֪˾Եʵھǰʧȥ˴˵
ǳڳĳˣʱһǾ˼ҾԸͲںǳҡΪǵĴڣ˼ҾԿҡ
Ц̾ǣǾȻһֱΪҪҪͬ⾰ԼҶۡ
ԵǸ˵һ㶼ûǳһһȺЦˡ
һ˻ڤսӪʵܹ벽ȡһ벽ǳ֮ǰȻһֱɱ̬ȡ
˺һᣬϵˣŽеƽ
һȺˣ۲ʶ񰡣
棬Ҳ壬ȻзŵøһЩ
ţԼƾΪѣܹԼԾԵءڿȴԼԼˡ
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ڤսӪһ£ԺսӪʹðɡﻹһ֮ʥҹսӪʱ΢Щ𻵣֮ǰһһЩʱ佫޸֮䣬ǳҿա֮ܲպˣһȫԵֵסһѰʥߵȫԴ˳˵
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ڤڱ˾ۼأһЩᶯ˼ҲۼصĶƷҲʮ֮࣬һǶƷҪǱҳȡֳɣ϶˲ġֱ˹ȥ˵ǻᶯ˼ɱˡ
һγɹ̽Щ˲Ըϡ
㿼ǵúܵЦ˵Ҳһƨ
峤ȥæɣҡҪҰæ͹ҡ԰ڰ˵
áϵˣ˳ȥ

ڤڱ
ߣϻΪԼܹڤڿˣǲ֪ߵغ񡣡
ǺǣҪڤڷ֮أ
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ǲǰռƻ£ǰʵ
ţȥɡóҵһʱ䣬ɵԽߣŻˤԽءЦŵ˵ͷ

Ҫĳɣ
ƾʲôǣΪԼȡڤڣһƷսӪͳ죬õҵѶϢ󣬼Ц
ͳˣǿڤڶòۼءǲǿ³һǶ֡һͳ
ҵҪּܽǿЦҪǽ͵ǰϺôһͲˣǲԴ͹ȥһּҵսӪּͳĿһ
ּͳ죬ȻΪӵƿɳͬʱҲȷڤڲʹ˰֣γ
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ͳˣǵҪҪӦҵҪ󣿡սӪͳ
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ˣ׼ֳԴ͵սӪȥͳ
ɳۼأڶ׷ԼѡʮƷսӪмȽǿƷսӪ֮еĴ룬ѡĳɷֳԴ͵սӪ


905 ֶ
º
֮ɳۼڣȥ֮⣬һʮƷĸƷпԴȨ
Щ֮УּҡšؼһҶĸƷԼƷûнֳԴ͵ҳսӪվھǰ
Ҹһʮ߸Ѷгµʱ䡣ôʱ䣬ȫ㹻ֳԴ͵սӪ
⼸УսӪͳ쵹ǸǴѶ˵ԴԴʱ޷ֳԴ͵սӪϽ˵
㣿ЦЦ
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ʱ䣬жԴûϣ
ˣ⼸ͽҴɣ˵Ȼǲ뽻ֳԴҾǣֱʧȥڻܹ֮õԴ
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Ӧɣڤ̸У̸ˡЦ˵
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ּҡšؼҡҶڻлңһûнֳԴԿ϶ܡ
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ҪΪǿ֣ΪΪǳңּҲ£ּͳ쳶źк
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УǳҸ
ɶ񣬿סּ֣Ը֧ĳԴУס֮֡䣬ּսӪߣ˱ﵽһ롣ּͳ죬ҲǼˣûּ֣սӪֵʵ̫ǿˣּսӪ͵ס
ÿһγ֣дּ߱ɱ
϶ûΪּͳþס֣Ե˼ǳ׸ɵսӪû˵սӪòǾͿԷŶԷһ
ּͳĻЩԥǣ˿϶˻ȥ϶ȫԵҪס֣ҲԲס֡
ĳңǻڵģһڡڤڣὫǳΪƽأǳ˶֮أǸľԡּͳڱߵ˻֮УһȭͷԴ
ּսӪߣڶ̶ʱ֮ڣȫնɱһ©ԴɨһּսӪս󲿷Դ𣬶϶صߡ


906 Ѿ
зԸս뿪ѾݻٵּսӪ
һĿ꣬Ҷڡ
ʱҶսӪڣͳ͸ͳһڸ߲ۼ
ϢѾȷʱ֮ǰּսӪѾд˴ݻ١һͳͳ˵
ڣͳͼλͳ죬鶼ܳء
ּսӪݻٺ󲻾ãǾ͵õϢȻЩʱȷǵõȷеϢּսӪʮʱڱݻٵġ
ӳд˵ִּսӪּսӪΪƽأ̽ʮʱ䡣Ҳ˵ּսӪȫûеֿ
ҶҲɳڵĶƷǶּսӪҲǱȽġּ֪սӪҶսӪ൱ּսӪֻܼʮʱ䣬ҶսӪҲԲּսӪǿȥ
ҶսӪҲ׳ΪλּսӪ֣ԭһּҶһûнҪĳԴ͵սӪȥ
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սӪǾ͵ʧȥ˻֮صԴ϶СֻʱҵͷˡͳȡѶʯսӪȥѶϢ
ҶڵõּսӪϢšؼҺͻҵҲȺõϢ
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νֶΣѹûиּҵڶѡĻᡣճҵҪ󣬽ԴʹսӪҲЩԼ֮ǰȷľܽڤڵĽֻ˵ڣۼڣûκһҿ⡣
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ԣּսӪѾݻ٣ĸͳ죬ȺѶ˵ܿܽĳɵĳԴ͹Ͽ˿˵
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ǡϵȻҲ׾Ե˼
ûʲôǵģȻѾʼˣǾҪóסֻҪ㹻ʵͲ·Ե˵ˣڤڣѾǸ𣿡һ
ǣҾͲǡ϶˶٣ͷ
ʱֹ˼ʱҶսӪ֮⡣
ͳ죬ѾѶսӪҶڻڽ㹻Դ͹ȥҶͳеæ͡
Ŷ
ڼڣδõ峤ϵκδѶ
ͳĪǻ֪£ھͨѶʯѯʳ峤¡ҶͳˣЩŵĿųС
ھʿе˵ͷȡѶʯҪѯʡ
˷ʱ䣡
֣ҶսӪ϶һֺȵ
ãһѣǰʱȭӰء
ֲѹȥ

ס֣
УǶӦ˳ҵҪôҶսӪڶߣһƴֵһ߲ҽź
ʮʱҶսӪߣսҲɱʼߣ϶£ǸӲԶͱɱ
ɨս϶صߡ
ګګĿ϶Ҳޱȵҡ϶Ҳ̫ײһЩûоԵĲ֣ͣƱҪȫɱɾŻ֡
̲ס룬ǾǸɵңǻκεĳɺԥ


907 ̸е
кܿõ˳ϵĻӦ
ȻѾѡ֧ԴǳҲֹж
һĿ꣬ƷҡûκսӪΪƽء
ڳиϵĸĿսӪʱսӪѾפءȻսӪڵߣѾڳе˵֮ǰѡˡ
֪ҲסҵĹֻ·һԣѡ뿪սӪʱ˳ɳۼء
Ϊŵ뿪սӪ϶Ҳûð취׷Ա㽫ӦƻһͨȻһĿؼսӪȥ
еһؼսӪҲǿһˡ
Ժ󣬳нϣȥԣźؼսӪĳԱ˵һ¡
ӾӰɣ
ҲҪ׷ɱݻ⼸սӪĿ壬ǵΪɱЩˡȻؼսӪսӪĳԱǰ뿪ǾˡԻ˵
ҿʼɳ֣ӹĿԴͬʱҲɳԱ
ϾǲмලҲȷЩʵʵģȥκδӿԴڿɳʯ
ǰڤڣҲɳԱĿԴȥӿԴڿɳʯҪԱ㡣
һֶΣɳۼصĸʵúܡԳļԱҲǷǳˣŪκСֶɱΡ
ڿɶˣԲǳҡսӪǵǰ֮ĳңֶκ̬ԵǸɱγң³Ҷһ͵Ļᡣ
ɳۼصת𽥻ָ
ʱ䣬һζ
֮ĳ˷ʼۼԽԽߡ
طڤҵ̸еص㡣ڣ̸еԽԽߣǰ˴˵صȺ
ڱڤҵ̸У򶼷ǳעһЩҲ˹̽ϢҪ֪һ̸УĽճǴԺͣһ
ʵϣҲס
ڤԺ͵Ŀԣ΢΢
ѾɳۼأҪҽֵķ⻹ڤڣжĿԣ
ڤڣҲԲῴų׳󡣳ѾвڤɳĵλһһƷţôܸĿԼȡҳɳۼأǳԽڤڣҲˡ
ڣڤѾʧʥǿߣս£Ƿγ׳ǿҿò˶þܳԽڤڳΪɳ
˵ĳңһȺɲԮ
ڤҵһռԾӦúܿᷢһ˫϶˵̸УʵϿܾҪľս
˵Ϣȷڤ׻֣ϼķңҲ֧ڤڣ̸еظһʥ
ţϿȷϢûˣۿڤڵһڴͷҵ峤һıʲôңһƷ˴Ҳǲ˴ʥ߹һʥߵͷ
һƷ֣
ͶԸңһƷ
³ǿԮҲڽ˰ɣʥһʶľ
ҵĸ̫ǳˣû㹻ĵ̡һڤڣضȫ׼ϧҪҵġɫ۵˵
峤ҲôܰɣӦ뵽ڤΪ˶Ըң׼ǡԣһ᲻ҲһЩ˵ͰһƷɫʥ˵
ѣͰһƷ²ײֽǣڳҴھԵ¡ҡҡͷ
̸еڣֻʣˡˣû¶棬Ҳ֪ǵôġ
ˣǷģɱҲ֪ʥǲ˻᲻жػߴˣҲϣսڻ֮طɣ˵ǧǰػ߳ͣսΪ磬Ļ֮Ҳơ˵
Ͳ˵ˣ룬ʥ϶Ҳ͵õϢػ߳ӦҲǻԳİɡһߣ˵ˡٴҡͷ
̸ۣеظʱ
ڤڡںͷһƷԾۼҲȷʵ޷ȫסʥߡң˼Ҳڹͬʱֹ
ƺ³ǰõϢ˵ǻϣǰõϢó̸֮ǰ͵ʧ˵


908 һƷ
̸еؾۼԽԽߣڤȻǰ͵δԾۼڴ˵κθ档
ɢޣڤҲڴ˵ضɻ
ڤڵ̬ȣƺϣߣֱӿҵ̸СȻڤھԼʤȯգϣߣڤڽ
һս֮ϡ
ԣǰҪ̸ִеˡ峤ϣʱԻ㱨Ϣ
һ̸УҾ񾡳ʥ棬ڶʥǿߡ֮ҵĶս㳲
ţͰ֮ǰ˵ˣ̸УҲҪ뿪սסڣܵõս̶ȵıԵ˵ͷ
սѾ
ԭսƷҲͨʥԵĸ죬սı壬ʹﵽڡʥļټϾֲõĿġ
Ϊ֤սķǿȣ϶ȿȫ֤ĽҲ羰Ԥϵǰ㣬϶ַſ޷ʱڹսķ
ԣֻҪ˲뿪ս׷ΧȫϾӦݡ
¶Էа벽εǿ֣߳Ҳ޷ڶʱڻɱˡ
ţףѾ˲Ҫ뿪սˡϵͷ
֮ǰҲ飬ȥһЩ˵ûҪ룬ȷʵҲûʲôãһƷ£ƷԳҰҲ󡣳ܲϣ˼ҶƷʥ߰Ұɣ
ңԨ˳ϵĶƷֻһʥ߶ѡ
ս٣̸еطΧ
ˣ
ȷʵǳսսгҵս졣
˻ĸֻһΣԶҲزȥˡ

սִδ̸еأͱ߷֡
ˡڤڵһĿеĳսͳ
ĺð峤˵ͷĿҲг޵Ĺ⻪
ޣȻԾԡ
ɱӷܣԴųڶʥǿΧɱԱƽԨΪѾԨȴû뵽ԾȻš
ҲţƺΪҧгݵǾԻõһЩǿ
峤ɣʥϺȪʥǱɱġȻûֱӵ֤ݱһ㣬ǵʱҳϺȪǰԨ̽ģԵ
һαڤ룬Ϸ峤⡣ȻڤΪҲҪһЩۣ峤ֲɵ뾰гԹҲԲŹѵõĿԴڤҧһĻᡣ
ǸԣսϰɣҲ֪˵жǿȻܽڤڣƵϡڵɽЦЦ˵
ɽԣҲδı档żܼܿˡǳǵĶӣͲ٣϶ˡɨɽһۣ̲˵
Ҳסôˡ峤Ц
峤˵öԣ󸽺͡
ĿһתԪתųսͺȡ
峤ȻѾˣβǼ棬һģͨԪ߷֮𶯣쳹̸еء
еߣ
Ҫļ̸Ƕ԰꣬ĵȴǡͬԪ߶Ӧ
峤ļӣԽԽˡɳڤ׻ϼķ峤Ⱥʱȴ涼¶ĺȵ
ˣʵһʣڤڣʲôʱڽ͵һȥˣŶˣڤҳңԽںͷ׳Ҳʾﷴ
ɫһڡ
ߣ峤Ŀڳݣڻ̸Уϣ̸֮УҲǿơв˵
ͶģЦ
ǹֵġɽ峤벻λﶼڣ
ʱһЦ
ѰȥֻһˮɫӰվһսǰ
ң
սһƷҵսս졣սǰ˵ģ峤Ҳʥǿߡ
ˣӶ΢΢һ
峤ʲôҲˣ˵ڵҲ̫ҲӦæѹЩ𣿡ɽ֣峤ż
Ҳò˵ϢЩ˰˵飬֮ǰѾˡһƬͰһҪлĹġ峤΢Ц˵NѵͲЩѴк𣿡
峤Լս
NһƷڵĴ


909 
峤仰սֿ֮ٷɳһӰ
ˣǰN
Nսɫ΢䡣
ʵϣ峤ڤ̸еأҲϵˡֻû뵽Nսǰǹϵܣôܳս
öս峤ҲսϣǶǾԲȥġսڱ˵Ŀ֮£ԷʥǿߣԼȥվ
һҲɿNҵĹϵͬһ㡣жϣNǳΣȷԼս϶Ը
λѣδһпɰãNòȽţ˵ʱҲ΢ЦŶ˴к
NˣǶõúܡҲ˸Ŀ⣬ֻӦ
˵ڤڣɳƷһЩìܣ˫һ̸СôأȻԸһƷ̸С峤Ц˵
ⷬԾڿˡ
᲻֪£˷ҺһƷȻǳڤڷǳͷۣڤûаܶԸҡ
ҵ峤Դ˵ϲּ
峤㵹ǻ˵ʵڤڣңȷʵؽöࡣһֻѹҵҾǲףҲҹͬ˳Żԡ
Ŀһɻҩζ
˺ˣ峤Ǹոյִ΢һ°ɡNЦǺǵ˵
󣬕Nصս֮ϡ
ս
ԣһƷˡңаڣǾȻҲˡ峤˵
ҲԤ֮С
˴ǳڤ̸УôĶᵽвͬѰζǲܹǲġȻҲһ˺ܺ棬뿴ҵжǿܽڤڱȵء
˽ҵʵǿҲᰲġ԰۾˵
ţֻǲ֪ʥǱ߻᲻ˡϵ
ػ߳ҲǻġһڤһɱǶ϶СܷģҲõģΪʥػߣܲƫ̻ڤڡ˵
Եѿڣ
ʱ洫һ
΢΢һ
ţ˭΢΢һ
峤ţֵģһλˡȻ峤Ҳʶǻ΢ЦԳϵ
ҲˣȷʵЩȡ
һ뿪ս棬ȻһЩʥڲԶ
Թ֡
ԵѡЦŻ
ܻˣЦʡ
˵˳ڤڵ飬Թûʲôطܰæġ˿ھĳϵˡ
Ҳк棬ҲʶˣҶܶ档
ѵΪƺӾˡԳ˵
Ǻǣ˶ӣǻǽս𻰡ĿɨԶˣһעĿ˵
峤뾰ĿӣĿкûκΡ
á˿ûԥ
žԵˣֱӽս֮ڡһĻö˿ҲĺȻһ
ԨǵȻʶǶҲĵһֱڻӲ飬ҲӲԨ
벻һΣȻҲˣҽ˳սУɾѰζˣѵѾ£Ըң
ȻһֱԾڻյҲǲСġһƷҲȥ鷳
սϡ
е˼ˣɽͷ峤ʡߣ˻Nһ΢Ц˵
ΪҳͷʲôʱңôܵĹϵҡҡͷüͷ΢塣
ǰ²ΪңΪǸԡ⾰ԣǴԪ½ģĸȻǳˣԪ½ࡣԽԨҪҲǸʱ˱ȽܵĹϵN˵
ţֿȷʵ󡣲ҲԺڤڿⰡһڤڻ˵ںͷҶȫڤڡ˫Ĳ࣬Ǻܴ󡣡̾Ϣһҡͷ˵


910 
ǕNʵһ֮еĳܻʤ
Ȼ˵оҵĵˣһƷʵʵ̫׺ˡ
ΪںҶһƷǲܶһƷʵ͵и̵˽⡣
NԣҲ˵ͷ
ҲСλصúܣǶŪĵϸңܿûʤ㣬Ȼɵһ㡣ܿҵвڤڣΪôԵİأ
УδյϢN󻰷һת˵
˵ԣҲ벻ͨǶ֪ǳŮǵĶӣͲꡣͣôʥģңһֱԪ½ǸԴѷĵطôܵµʥߣ˵һ벻ͨʡ
һ²⣬˻Ǭ䡣NĿһ
Ǭ䣿ĿȻ¶Ծ֮ɫ
Ǭ䣬Ҳ֪ģϵС
ˣNһҪ¶ǬҲ뷨ɣȻ
ʵϣڕN֮ǰûд۹ۿڤڵⳡ̸Уں֮ڣȷʵ̫ƽҪ峤Դ
ǕNҵһҪۿڤڵ̸С
⻰NЦŶ˵ͷ
һߣΪͻȻҽսҲ۵һһ¡
Ҳ̫ں
ȷʵ˼ʥߣټʥʵҲȽǿˡһƷ֮£ʵͲˡ
˶һĳְңǾͽһȻǹϷֻ̡ȻԴƶ񤵽ĵزڻһԨ˸ϰ꿪һΣŪٺöġ
ʱ䣬ָ
ڤ̸Уڿʼˡ
ϵȳҷˣվڳսǰ˲ԶվԵҪǲ뿪սڵıΧ
Ϻ;ǰ
ǳʥߡ϶ܡվھƫĵط
һ棬ǧ֮⣬ڤΪ׵һȺˡ
ںͷңвʥǿ
ΪģɢĵطǾۼ˸ߡеʾҲʥʥȽϿһЩʾܵԶԶġΪһ˫սʾ߸޷Աǵסʥɱʱ
һĿ⣬۽ϡ
峤Ҫ˳ɳڻ֮صľۼءңҪټҰɳ򣬳κˣԶ̤ɳ벽
ϣڤڸǳңᡣĿ׹˸ų˵
ˡ
һ̸Уڤûʸ񡣡û˵Կˡ
ߣǺˣڤ̸Уֵ˵ˣһɨžԡ
Ȼ֪ʲôˣ˵ֻҪԵ졣
Ӧ֪˭ңҲ˵ˡ
̸е򣬴Ҷ֪Ҳٶ˵ֻ˵ҾԲǳӵҲǳҳԱڤڵˣɱģڤսӪҲҴݻٵġϸ˵ЩûжĹϵڤҳ̸УⱾǴġЦ˵
ŭ۾졣
Ҿǿڤڲʹ죬ԲųֶԸڤڡڤڸϳɳۼأûʱԴۼأŽۼؽҴ
ڣҪڤһڤڵˣýۼأңڤڵˣֻƿصĳеڻԼ˵

ǿЦƾʲôĴҲ˵ڣҲ·ͷŭЦ
ҿɲ˵󻰡ЩȻ˵ǾͲջȥҸô˵ΪʵڤڴӦôӦӦҲôӦ԰ĵȵ
һ̸е˾ҪˣѾûʲô˵ġ˿ָƽʱԼ֪еŭжʢ
ƿɳ꣬ڤںܹв
Ȼ
ˣͶɣĺȵ
ڽ̸У˫ûбϣԺ͡
ʼգ˫ģԷԣҲͲƽ͵úβ
仰ͿսҲ֮С
վʲô˼Ȱ㣬뿪Ǹطһɱ˾Ͳˡ˵


911 
ĵ֮ǰҲ˾
Ը⣬ǶҲ׾ѡ̫ˣǼһƷNһûܽĵϸŪ
ֻ֪ҲǴս֮ǰˮ
ܵǲ̫ˣվվʲôطѵҲҪ𣿡Цһ˵
оˡӡ
Ļ˾ͳȻȷʵѡ˳һ
ûٻӦ
ɽ峤˾ܾǸóˡתĿߵˡ
ͬʱˣֱ̧۶Ȼ¡
ಣ
ǵһӰٷжųսΧȥ
ʼˣ
֪ʲôֶӦһƷֹ
Ǹ̬ȻӲ֪Ǹǹװġ
ӱ濴˫ʵ໹ǺܴһƷʥ̫ˣ˺Ȼٵöࡣ

ܵȺĿתĿģһЩ͸˷ܡ
ԣǳˣϴʱǼŵġ
һսϵҵĴ
ʧǳҾͳ군ˡԼгˣϣ˾Ժ;ԵǼϡ
ż
ǿսܷ䷶Χ֮ڡ΢Ц˵
ҲھԵĻºһƷ㶼嵽˳ս֮ڡʥߵٶǺܿģ˫;벻Զ
תսܡԿеͺһ
ˣ
һƬ⻪ӳսڶ˷ɢת˲֮䣬вʥߣɹ⻪ַΧ֮ڡ
ڣսܿԷӵķΧԶսȻǿԲܴӰ졣
ʱ˿̣սַΧҡ
ЩΧߣϾ͸о
һʥߣȵ
ʮʥߣ߶Ԫųսչһ̺֮ĿХһսķ֮ϡ
ԣҪҪ̷æʵ
ָҲǰһƬʥߡ
ǰЩʥߣǵĹȷʵǳֲʥʥǵÿιܻսϡ
ԸоսĹ£ϵ𶯡
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սΪģӿֳһ֣糱ˮĲ
ۣĹܣսĹϣʥײȥ
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ƣǵѹǲ
硢硢ĸ硢磬ְɣնɱʥһɱ١Ϣһ
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⼸ӦþǾԵˣ˵⼸˵ʵǳ뺷϶ȿܣе˵
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սķܣƺǿоϣӦڼʥˡ峤ü˵
ţȷʵˣѰʥսӦѾƲŶԡڵĳսȻܵסƳսķҲʱ⡣
ҵҪԵǼжǿʵɽĿת⡣
϶ȿܣߡ
ߣʥǰʥʥһվڿλá϶ȿܳʥߣ߶ʥ͹
ף԰ôֵ
ֱײѵֻߣڽɱԹˣĿеһĻ
϶ȿܳߣڶ๥Ȼûֻ̬ǳеĺɫٶȲļǰ塣
¡¡ߵĹܿͻ϶ܡ
϶ܣǿĹ֮£ٶʵԽĺ壬ɳȥ
ĿһĻˡ
ǿĸڳܶι֮£û˵ӡ϶ٶǽˣȻǰ塣ĺǱɳȥɺܿ·ء


912 ס
϶ȿڶʥ߹ȫ治ɫκεĵֵ
屻Уֺûܵκδһ㡣
鷢ôܲԾ̫ˣϳ
Ҫ֪ʥߵĹǺǿġʥʥһߣҲֵֵܲǽȻʥ߱ʥһߺɱ
ߵĲΣҲסʥһߵȫ֮ǰڤڵʯߣҲһ츳İ£ܴʥһӵңпҲżȻء
˶ɵˣ˵Щ϶ȿܵߡ
ǿԼĹ˳жˣжϲɾͽնɱˡǻûЦͿ˾Ȼƺɱ˹
һĹ϶Ѿ˽ǰĺ壬Ҳٴμٳ

ɣ
϶гնվԵҪȹʵʥһߡΪʥǿǵĹҲһɱǶԸʥһǾһһĽࡣ

ۣ
ܿ
ʥһߣת˲߰˸֮ࡣ϶ԸЩʥһߣͺȺʥһߣǴ߶ʥ϶ı䲻ˡ
϶ʵǿ
ȫԽʥߵġĺ壬ҲȾʥҪǿ
ˣˣæкߡ
սߣʱսʹܵ£ǵĶܴܵơѳٶҲǺܿ졣ȻʥߣȻ϶кվȦġ壬ܣͲЩʥĹרŻɱʵʥߡ
ʱ˶ʮʥһߣʥߣҲ˴Լʮҡ
ֱʱЩߣӳս󷨵
˶ɫɷףлҡ
Ƕ֪ԼӦζԸĸˡ͵Ĺֱӻĸ˵壬޷κ˺

ĸ˵Ǵðģǵ壬ô˼ͣˣ˻
ҪɱĸˣѶȺܴǵ̫͡㿴ûУҪˣѧûʩչӦǲʹѧڿֻܽʱס취Ūǡʷ˵
峤˵еɽͷǶԷúֲܴڡˣ񶼲÷򡣼ȻɱǣͽȿסǵٶȣȻʥߣס
ô죡ͷ

飡ˣóһ̿ٶ̼ܿ죬˲Ϣ֮䣬ӿһɹ϶ȿС
϶ȿܣȻ󷨵Ĺܣǻ桢ʯЩǣܶκ˺ǣЩȷʵǵٶȺ͹ܴӰ졣
ʱ׷ɱʥһʥߣҲսȦʣʥߣɱףǶʥʥĸ˵ĹѶЩɿɹ۵ɱˡ
ǶԷãȷʵ̫Ͷˡĺ壬޷÷
Ը϶ֱʥʥԸĺ壬ͷֱʹͨʥߡ
һ˸ʥߣ㽫϶ĸס
϶ĸѾܼɱԼһʥߣ˶ɳһ
ĸˣʵ˱̬峤üҡͷ
ȷʵǺܾˣûм֮ǰҲû뵽Ե⼸֮ǿǶԷҲ㹻̵ĻֻڤĻְܼκι޷˺⼸ԵֻҪϵĹɡN˵ͷ
ţ
ԣǡѵǲࣿǿݣNͻȻ뵽ʲô
ܣ
ôǿܣȫһҡҡͷ
֣ѵܣN˵
ܣôܣ磬ôܱƳ磬ܶҪмˣſƳܶǳҪĲϣ󲿷ҲҵġȻ
NЩˣʵǴǳ͵硣
֮ûеһʱ俴϶ǿܣҪû뵽͵ܡ


913 ڶ̬
ϸ϶ĸܣĿоһ
N֣ôһ˵ˡ⼸Եȷʵܣǵͳ̶ȣüĲơֻǾԣεõǵأ˵

ǶУȻδܴڡأͲȫŵġЩǿҲûа취֪Ǵڵġ
Խ⿪Ǭӡһ㣬ӦˡȻ⿪ǬӡǱضõ˵ĴУܣҲ˵ͨˡN˵
ţе
ĸǿܰҲѶԿһƷʱĸܶѾʥסҡҡͷ

ԣ㻹ʲôֶΣ
ĸӦпԴǿ˰ɣڣ㻹ôǣ϶ȿѾΪǣʱЦԼ˵
ֿ˿ɽͷʣ˶˵ͷ
Уһȡ
һӰΧ۵Ⱥ̤֮Զʥʥǿߡ
һΣɲǱڱߣ˴İ֡ǶƿһӰö˵
һЩǺĶƷƷҲ١
ɳ˵սӪؼҡŵôܶԳҵΪ޶ԣ
һΣǶšǿߣҪóҸصĴۡ
ʮʥʮһʥʮʥһȺʥߣٴμϡ
У¶һĨĺɫ
֣
ǵĵˣɣһڣҲҪ£ŵڶμʮʥߣһŭ𷢳
һΣ˳ųܹΪңҲĲ˾Ϊһʧǲϧһдˡڤڣǽŵϵ׶ѹˡ
䣡ʮʥߣ͵ųս̶
һ⻪ռ飬Ƶܣһ㣬ųҵս͹ȥ
žžž
սݣ졣һĻڿֲ±֧顣ʮʥߵֹǰ벽εǿߣ¶õһʱѡá
ǳҲǺؼھۼصսӪʱһʹɣҵҪǳһô磡ؼҵ峤ڹ֮УдЦ˵
ŵˣҲЦ
ʱսʹµĳϵˣҲɫסǣоõӭ޼᲻ݵĿֲѹ
ûս󷨵ıЩˣ»һֹ֮¾ͱȫɱʬ嶼
ڤڡںͷңǹݵģ࣬Ŷʮʥߣе
ûң뿪ҲκԹԿ
Եѣ㵱ĳʲôˣ죬ĵֲĳҲġ˵ˣɱңҲ̫ףžЦһ
ϣ߰˸ʥߵ
ಣӻʥߣ˳ȥ
Уһɫĳ֣ⳤ֮ϣһɫԲ
ʥܺǿʥܡĿ
ʥǸߵʥ˵ڼʥ磬εȵʥ
źɫΧŰʥߣһͷʮʥߡɫϵĺɫԲԷʥߵĹܡսܵѹͬʱࡣ
ʵʥˡԵ
磬̬ɣԶǰʥ϶ȿܵ
䣡ԵĻ϶ĸܣʱȫһƬ·ҫ
ߺߣƾǼСһҲסĸ϶Цһնĺɫϣܶʱǣܣ̺žĺɫҲ֡
ͣ
˻˻
סǵĹˡǰס϶ȿܵʥʱоµɨǼ߶ϸԪʥΪҫ۵Ĺâ
ǣ϶ȿܱ仯ɵڶ̬ʵȫܹסġǰ˶ڶ϶ȿܵٶȺ
ۣˣδӦǰ˸ʥߣѾ˵屻նش׹ȥ


914 벽
˸ʥߣڶܣԭס϶ûκ⡣
˭뵽Ѿ˱̬϶սȻ
һ
˻ɽҲ
ǵĺʥ߱նɱʥת۾ֻʣˡ
⻹ŵĸˣ̾ӴܡǵٶȺͶȷʵҲܿˡǣڶ̬϶ȿٶȸ죬Щ󷨶ǵѹƣĸܵӰѾǺܴ
ĸܣֱ׷ɱӴܵʥߡ
ܣ
Σɣ˫ǽɱ඼Զ϶ʵǿ׷һִʥʥкɫһ
ִʥʥԴɫ
ţҲնɱԼ׷ʥߡ
ĺ壬ٶȺʵһЩҲͲʱ䣬׷ʥҲͬʱ䡣
˸ʥǿߣﾡ϶ȿܱ仯̬ʼʥʱ䶼
ʥɱ϶ȿܲûֹͣǿŶ˳ɱȥ
άֵڶ̬ļ죬ؼյԶԶάġԣڶ̬£Ҳ޷ʱάֻ֣ڶ̬֮£ܵɱˡ
ԭ˸ʥսޱȵķŭһ̣ǿ϶ȿǷг̹ʱһ
æ߶սܡ
һʥսܵסڶ̬϶ȿܣ
սγɵһϣûκ谭Чͱ϶ȿǿд͸
˿һĻˡ
˵ʵסڶ̬϶ȿһѣ˵ͬʱֵĸˡ
һߵľԣĿҲעӡעҪǷڶսϡɲһֹս͸սʱȴһɼǿҲþԾ죬սŲͬѰ֮
ɱʼԾעԷսڣ϶ȿܼҪնɱˣսʲôʱҲӦó˰ɣ
ˮˣǣ϶ȿܴ̳һǽֱӾͱ϶ƣ˻
˵壬ٺˣսıԵ
϶гɱɫŶϯȥ
䣡
ʱһ˵սɢܣǽ϶ĵӲס
һĻͫҲ΢΢һ
ڶ̬µ϶ʵ֮ǿö˵Ȼδ벽εֹ߽ھԿڶ̬϶Ű벽ս
žણƬ̺󣬺ɫ⾹ѿ
ͬʱսϣһɫӰҲֳ֮
˶һ
ˮˣڳˡ󹧾ɫӰ
ɽͷˣ
ɫӰȴûᶭˣĿ⿴϶ĸܡ
ܣɫӰˮɳƵ˵
϶ܣĿźɫӰˮˮǵĸоǿ
Ӧɣ磬ҲǸطܡ
ţˡǸǸ뿪СǵõˡˮԹԵ˵Ŀ⿴ԣĿ֮УƺŵЦ⡣
ʲôˣ϶üʡ
ҽˮ硣ˮĮɳ˵
ߣǴ֣϶һɫˮ
άֵڶ̬̫ʱԽãǾԽ
䣡䣡ܣͬʱˮ
϶ڶ̬ܿͨ벽ĺһЩҲѹʥܹƶͣ
ˮǰͻȻһɫˮƸ֣ˮӣܿ϶ȿӴ϶ȿɫˮ֮УٶȶʱȽͣгǰնɱĶҲһֻεָס
ǿĹء
ͨİ벽ҲסǵĹء
ǶԷֲ̫ˣ͵ÿˮЦҡҡͷ
ƺȻ̧𣬶϶͵ѹһ¡һƬ֮۵Ӱ϶ȿȥ
϶ܣֻһɾ޴ѹǵ׹ȥ
ǵĲϣǼͣҶ۲úܡҽ߾ȫҲ޷ǴݻءҪѹǣǿˮҡͷ׹϶ȿܡ
ʲôҪǴһɱ㡣϶ĸܶˮȷʵ̫ǿˣǶѲ£ķǳ֮죬࣬ǽܿ޷άֵڶָ̬̬


915 Եɱ
ǡ߿϶ȿܱѹҲ֡
ʵ̫Ǽڶ̬սҲܱʥߡǵȲǿǰǳҲ޲
ǡˮˣ벽ô֣ܳҲҧ
峤ʶˣԿϡ
ţȷʵսУˮҲɱ࡯Ҫϵͷ
˵࣬͵ԭס
Щˣԭסͳһĳƺࡣ
սжٰ벽룿üͷ
ǳûвսһս꣬Ҳ˵һЩսϢİ벽ӦʮҡһսУҲкü벽ɱˡϵ
ɱ벽εǿߣ⻰ԻЩе⡣
еģҲа벽εĴڡҼǵúһ޵ǿ࣬ɱ벽񡣲˵뵽벽ǿΧɱȥˡϵ
Ϣ΢΢һ
ǰȻ֪
ϵĻҲ¸пû뵽ǰܻɱ벽ǿߵĴڡȥԻû뵽ǰʵǿ
ս˲ְ벽Ҳ˵磬һЩ벽ߣ˼ʵ
ţӦǻкЩġ벽񶼲սˣսİ벽֮Ҳһ롣Щ벽߼ǧ궼û˵ػǶµĹأǲٳƻѾ֧ĵ͵硣ϵͷ
ˮڳ֣ѵͲػߴ𣿡Ͻ˫ü
а벽ǿ߲֣¿ɾͺ鷳ˡ
ˣǼֲ˶áԿһɱˡ
ʥ̫࣬Ȼʵףս;ֲõҲȫסԷɱȥ˿϶ᵲס

ˮ˳ˣNN֣ϣ벽εߣȻҲ֡
N΢Ц˵ͷҲҶ϶ҵסԭ벽ε߲֣ǳоԣһˣĽѲˡԵʵĻҪǿǿҲûˡ
ǰ벽񣬽ӽߡңˮڰ벽УʵǶģһİ벽ǿöࡣҲŵͷ
սУˮǲսİ벽Ϊߵİ벽֮һ
ף
⾰ʲô
ʲôѵˮ˽֣۾󣬿ǰԴӳսǰ˷ɳ
NӣҲ˫ü
ԴʱΪȷʵܹŹ֣뿪˳սķΧˮڵĵطȥ
ʱˮҲȤĿ𽥽ӽľԡ
ˮѣαزַ֮Կˮûʲô鲨
ʵϣԵжˮɱҲΪǿҵġ
ǰΧɱʱǰУҲˮܻɱˮҲΪǰˡ
벽ǰȷʵ˵Ѿͨߵķˡֲͬ벽ΣȻûвʹõģԾϸԪ
˵ȷʵûʲôȤɱһɱҵȤ̫£ҲøӡˮɳƵ͸һɵĮɱ֮
ɱһɱ
⼸֣бһŭ
Եĸ׳ˣǸףȴԭס񡣶ˮ̬һֶԭסԵ֮⡣
˵ʱһϿеֻһֳƺˮȴмǿζ
ԣˣҪԭס߹ö࣬ôΪġ
ǺǣҲǡԣĸ׾ĸ׵壬ҲбڴġˮЦ˵һ䡣
ţ֮ʵΪ㡣
Ӧõõ˰ɣˮҶݴУܺ档Ȼδ̽ҲһЩ˽⡣ˣӦһλǿĴڣܿǲεΰڡΰµĴУĺȤ
ĿĿˮ
ɣ
Сһ㽫ǬооȻҾͻ뿪顣ģоǬ֮ǶҶûֵ̫һὫ黹ġˮһЦݡ
ֻЦݿȴЩ˯}Ļš


916 սˮ
Ǭûмֵͻԡмֵǲٻˡ
ˮճҪĿģΪ˾еǬ䡣ڳڤڵսʵ̫ںǳұ𣬻ڤڱݻ٣˵𲻴
ˮⷬҲЦ
ǲӦأϴЦ
ӦֻԼˡȻ֣ͻҵˣҲˮƽУɱ
ʵڰ벽УǶġ
ʱ˶סǣȻҲڵģˮõԵǬ뿪
ûˮǣǵ鷳ɾʹˡ
Ե⼸ˮ˵ܡ⼸ܣʵǵˮ뿪˭ס⼸ܣ
в֪϶ȿܵĵڶ̬ά̫á
ͶԿϢ΢΢ᡣ
ƲԣԷơˮõеСӣж͡ˮһ
һƬ̺ǿܵɫ⻪ת
ˮ֣˵ģȻˡ
峤һҿˮˣһսĽϡЩ£Էʵ
ǰ˭뵽յ֮ǿȻõУЩܸ档ظͷɽҲ˿˵
ţȷʵ⡢Ԥϲˮ˳֣ҲûáȻܵõУʱϾ̡̫ĴУµҲûáЦ˵
ʵϣͲˮҲûʸ벽ߣð벽ˮ
Ҳ֪ˮô⡣ڣЩˡ
ˮӦþΪǬŻ棬ֱȥҾԣܻһЩǣƣԲŽҵ˵
˵ˮĳչǺ¡
ˮֵ˲䣬Ӱһвϼӳһ⡣
⣬ѹ϶ȿܵɫ˺ѿ
磬ȥԶ϶ȿܺһ䡣
á϶Ӧ
ܣ̷𣬻صһߵսԸڶʥߡ
ھԳ־ȳ϶ȿܣˮδκε֪Լ޷ݻ϶ȿܣٳֿҲûô϶ȿܻɱˣˮʲôϵ
ৣ
ˮΧɫתУҲһɫĳꪡ
Ӷꪣ͵žԴ˹
ɫĳꪱ棬ɫƣܵķ֮Ũļµĵز
ԸоϵܣҲ΢΢һ
벽ߣȻǿõķʥܱȡ԰ת
벽񾳽ߣܹʹõķȷʵֲܿ£ϵ⣬ۼķ֮ǰ벽ߵĵ
ˮֶİ벽յķ͸ˡ
ʥ⽣źɫꪣвϼȻնһƬ⡣
ǱܹõķǾȷʵ޷ˮȡٶȷʵܿ죬Ͼʱ̡ܶˮİ벽ܶйʱ䡣֮ǰ˭֪˶ã
˵÷ȫȲˮ
ǣеĲϼǴﵽ͵ε
ˮʥΣɾǴﲻΡ϶ȿҲ˵磬Ҳһܹеġ֮УӵҲǺٲ֡
ȻʥԳ֣ˮͿԺ׼ȷжϳԵľʥ
ǺǣһʥҲͼҽ֡ˮмЦһ
ףֻЦδȫ£΢΢һ䡣
ôܣˮžеĲϼ
ô
ѵҲǴеõģˮݵĳԾĿͱóϢ΢΢
ԵĲϼǿҵҪռеͷ
ͷǬĿ
ϾȻ˵Ǭ˵ĴУ˭Ҳ޷϶ԼõǬܵõУȷء
ǾȫͬˡõȻʹã񣬶ǳõ
ˮʱֻãһˡΪػ߳ˣҲֵˡ˵Լõһȫ볽⣬ʱµﳽ


917 
ɷ·һеܣѹԷ
ضҡ
ķ򣬲ϱ顣
벽񾳽߽֣˵Ǿ޴ѡ͵磬޷ܰ벽ߵķɱ
εǿɱԷĻԿռ𣬼޷תġ
󣬵սǳػܱ߳ͣܿ׻
峤ϿɱеľԺˮнŵ㡣ߣԾޱȵţ֪磬ʵǿӦþǸػ߳ԵʵӦԱ⳽ġ
벽ˮսȾԣһΡ
ˮŭȣгꪲϴ̳ܣռȫΪޣ޾͸ĻϢҲתԪ
ƻǿ
뾡ɱӰ̫ˡת
ˮ̫ܲںƻ͵磬ԲܲںˣҪȥ
ߣϾֻʥΪҵҪܵҶáˮĹ׺ݡ
ʹԪĿ϶ټϾԵľֻʥάģ϶޷ü֡
һʱȻɱӵľԣֻҪָǿȵĹԱضֲ̫ʱ䡣
Ҳ뾡ɱԣ벽¡Ҳףļûõġ
Եʵ֮ǿľ˵
ΪˮˣԿ϶ס
ȴû뵽˫ƾеľ档ٴڵοԲơ
Ǻ
ûˮ˲֣ڤڵ군ˡ⾰ԵսǳԽܶ벽εߡеƺˡˣԪӦ˿Ȱ벽ǿ߲ʲôNҲ̾˵
Ҳ̫ˣꣿһ갡кܲζ
ǰ磬⾰ԶǺˡNҡҡͷ
ͨȫϢ΢΢һ䡣
ȥˡ
磬Ѿٳܸƻ֮أǷ򱣴ڣֹɱȥǻ֮Ҳɥʧ񾧵
ͨʩչ
ԵĹȻ֮һˮĵزˮĿУһ¶ֵɫ
䣡⣬ۺɫĹâˮɱȥ
ˮ־ŭ
⡭ѵͨˮˡ
ӵ˵ãáͨ
ͨ޷еģĴܣҲ޷һƽ׻ֻͨͨԼȥУͨҲǺٵģͨ񣬶Ƿëǡ
ۣˮһʱ伤ϵķʥ
⣬ϣֱӱɡվûлϵķʥ
ˮ壬ܵ𶯣һʱݡķʥҲǷǳǿģķʥǷܣȴǱȴ͵Ĺ̶ڷʥҪǿһ
ʱˮ޷е𺧡
͵磬Ҫǹʵǿĳɱˮѡ
ô뵽һܹ࣬࣬ͨһ
ȷʵѾˡ
Ȼûбֲ̺ĹȻǽ
ȻĿ˾һۡ
ಣˡ
Եֲ̫ͨǼɱȥõסٽ뿪˵
ˣľ
һֱžˮɱˮԸˡҲ˵ˮǾԵĶ֡ˮˣôԣ
֮Уûתˮ͸ٷܡ
ͬʱԵ壬ȴʧԭءǸط֮΢΢һ±ָƽ
ͨ
һ˲䣬ԳӴеˮԶϼֱӴˮ
ˮߵŭ
һߣϼ̳
˺ڴ̳ĵĽˮķʧ⣬͸
̵ʱڣˮͻΪޣָֻֽƷ
εİ벽񣬱ɱ
ˣˣҲȫɵһ
ˣҲס
ԿûΪЩ˵ͣˮµԴһ𣬱㷵Ŷ˼ٽӽȥ
ӣʱŷӦʱˡ
ǵٶȣ뾰ȣǲŸոƶףͱ׷ϣֱ̳ϯɽͷʡ


918 
⣬̺ͨ
ˮĶ벽񶼵סĽ⣬Ҫ˵ˡڰ֮Уʥ֣䵱
ǿҲ벻ǻ
Դַʥ߳ȥ
Щʥߣһɫɷס
϶ȿܺ˳ɱ֮£ԭʮʥߣ߸϶ȿȻָ̬Ϊޱȣ޾κγ̶ȹʮʥһʱҲ϶ȿû취
ھɱˮʱǾѾսˡڣ峤ȱɵǾ͸û˼սǿɱǳԭͣ˲ˡ
˴ͷӴܡ
еһӴܵģǾͻеڶ̶ʱڣŵĽӽʮʥ߾ͳһ顣
ˣԭȹ̵ķҲʧˡ
϶ȿܵ׷ɱ֮£ʥ߱ɱ
ҲͬһͷͻȺгɨÿһһʥ䡣ʥһʥܵһ
һʬ׹䣬ֱлΪޡ
ЩȥʥߣûȥΪս˫ĵжԹϵȷˡ
ս
쾰ԴƣҲԲŹԼҡ
Ҳٿսϴ߶սܣɱһЩܵĵзʥߡ
ʮʱȥ
еɱʧˡ
ʮʥߣĳųɡɹӵģһɶֻȼ˳ɹսȦʧԶʡʮʥߣһûѡ
ǿ׷ɱʥʥһʥˣҲԳҹв
һĻ
̸еܵĴߣȫɫҰס
ÿһУһͬͷһƷ군ˡӽ쿪ʼɳڤڣ׻ڻϼķңҪûˡ
ǵıڡ
ǣʥߣֱʥֻҶûʥ
һʥȱûʥصҪ㣬Ǽֱ췽ҹ̷㾰Բ֣ҲԸ
֮أ̸еط飬ϢıºܿͻᷢɱҲڤڻһЩڤڱϾɳͬһЩҪڤڵ֮ǰӦҲһҡ
ڤڣȻǳҵ֮ˣңԸ⿴Լеķͷ˳ȥ
N֣߰ɣԕN˵
NĿҡҡͷ
ǹȥһкɣNѹ˵
ǡЩ¾˳㽫Ҳɨˡ
֣ǻصܵס𣿡NЦ
һƷܹҲ޷Ѿӽݻٵ
N˵Ҳǡ˿ͷ
N˵һ㶼ûǾصԼһƽȫһƷǻû취סа벽ǣҲһˮѾ𣿶ˮǶİ벽ǿߡ
͕Nǰ
Уųɨս
Դˣǰ
Ŀɨ˶̧ͷ
һʵΪ磬ǿǰٸ߰ͷ­Ҳõ
峤Nʲô뷨𣿡ԵĮ˵
ҲңŰ֡
֮ǰNȷʵ뷨µԽ⿪Ǭ䣬жԾԵǬ뷨ڣ뷨ͳʧˡ
λصͰ򣬺úôԼĵϰɡҲȥǵ鷳Ȼеĵǡ
⻰˼Ҳԡ
ֻҪʵʵԼϣԾͲǳ֡ǣǸ뷨Ⱦָһ˵Ե棬Ǿ͹ֲþˡ
͕NҲһ͸̾׾Ե˼
лԴˣ
ڵлͬʱҲɳһ
ԣսɨˣеսƷʱǰһѸʥָֽ͵ǰ
Щò󣬳峤ŰɡɨһۣӹԴָֽڵԴ֮˵
峤ãNԳϴк
ǰҪ̬ϴкǲܵġһƷԣҲʥǶƷ峤ֻʥΪλݲ࣬˵ܴ
ʱ˿̣ǵ̬˵Ǻܵˡ


919 ֮
ȷʵʲô
ߵľԣֲ̫ˡǶ֪ǳϵȻӾԶԳϵ̬ȿԿϲǺ׽ӣֱӳƳ峤
ɕNˣǲ¶κӳϵ̬ȡǸ߸ϣǾ뾰϶ԶҲֻлӡ󲻻кӡ
NҲ֪о벻ǿʢѡܹԤϵ򣬻ԽԽǿ༸ǧ꣬Ҿ㲻ԣҲȫһƷȡ
N峤λ̫ˡĿ̻Ӧˡ
˶ЦЦ
Դˣ峤û飬͸ˡN˶һۺٴι˵
ǵõԵĳŵҲͷˡҲףԾԵʵ϶ڲƭǣΪûǱҪɵȫֱ˵ҲûͰ취赲
λ㡣Եͷ
Nˣæսȥ
ʱЩΧ۵ߣҲŸӵ뿪ǵȻҲڶʱڣꪵϢ
лˣԼЦŵл
ԵѣɱôҪ֪ʵ֮ǿҿܾͲˡ֡
Խˮ벽ɱʱͬޱȵ𾪡֪ΪǿԨ֮⣬һƾʥߡûԤϵԻǿɱˮĳ̶ȡ
ǼСҲǵùҡҡͷĸ֣Ҫϴˡɳ򣬿϶ǳƿˡϼ׻򣬷Һڣضܿͻᱻȥ
ȤҲԿһ򡣡Ե
ңһˣڻҲͦڵģȻԴѷһЩûҡҡͷ
ҲЦЦ
峤ɳڻ֮صľۼأѾҿƣ˴¨ӣ㻹Ǵˣɳ򣬾콫ڤڱ¡ڤƿɳ֮ã۵ĲƸӦǺܶġֿϡ
ںͷұ˰ɡڻȽԵ̫࣬ŵġƿɳѾ㹻ҷչҪˡԽ˵
ţסϵ˵ͷ
ںͷңȻҲ۲ϾһƷķ⣬˭ԣҲףԳҵžԵڤڻԡҪٳںͷңǾˣǾԸ档
ھԵ˼ǲ̫ܳ棬ˡ
Ҿ˵Ҳû
ڤڳȥҲ㹻Ҽٷչǧˡȫƿɳۼأһµ񾧿ЩԴǰζġ
Ͱŷɳ򣬾ԣҲȥһɳ򡣡ϵ
ڤڣҪС֪˫۾ڻĶڤڡҲǵģҵסЩ˵̰
ϾɳҲʮƷģлӵʥǿߡ
ˣ
ڳϻµʱһ嫵ķ򲨶Զݶ
һĲŹ֡
򲨶ݵʱ򣬸ȥѾǺǿҡ
ԾԶԷжȣãⷨ򲨶ȴһ־µơ
ȷ˵֮ڵʥ߶ܸӦҲ򡣵ЩȴʱӦķ򣬾ͺС֮Ĳ࣬һȫͬĸо
ڳʥߣʥһߣҲӦ˷򲨶ʵϵ͵ʥߣ޷ᷨĲ
˵Ŀ⣬һ򣬷򲨶ķ
ô£ת
֮ǰˮֵʱˮٿصķ֮ԵĸоȻܺǿҲͨķ֮ڵķ֮
޷ķ֮ΪٿصġĪ˲ٿصģ˵ʵֲԶ
𣿡ĿУȴŷһĨȣһ䡣

ӦþǶˡУԼĿԿһ˿ȣԣ䱦ǵ̸Ϲȥܾͱ˽ȵˡ
䱦ʲô䱦Ժ档
һ񶼿䱦֮棡ԴϢ
⼸֣ĿҲǾһ
磬δκᵽ֮棬ڽյĲһ񹦴֮Уȴз֮ĶӦϢ
֮棬
˵Ĵ񣬶Է֮涼ޱȵĿ
Ұռأʥߣܹһ֮棬Ǿ̽һ죡


920 µľ
Ǹոսʥһͬһֱ֮ӽ
һ񹦴Уص䱦Ϣ֮࣬ⷨ棬ֻ֮һֻҲû뵽Լз֮
˵𣬾ԿҲ벻ղǹһķ򲨶Դڷ֮档
Ƿ֮ȷʵҪȥˡϾ֮˶ΪǼ䱦
ϽĿ⿴ϡ
峤һЩҪԲͬһǰɳ򡣡ԶԳ˵
ûз֮£Ǵһȥɳģҵ鴦ãʹĸ뿪ɳ򡣶ڣ»Ҫ΢Ƴһʱ䡣
ɫ΢䣬зࡣ
峤ҲõģȻȥǣͬȥϾͲ˵
⻰ŷ
оԵ⼸ڣҲ㹻ˡ
ĸףҲҪȥɳۼˣ峤һؼ屾ֿǡ
ţҲáǵͷ
硭ǾĸһɡǣһҪĸסЦ϶ȿܡ
ͷĺˡȿˡ
϶ȿܣҲ׷׵ͷǣûѯʾҪȥʲôھԵʵǿúܣǳҲ޷ɱԣǸžԣƺҲû̫á
ԣһҪСġžԣĿǴȰ
ԳˣΪҲߣҪٶʲôеĹذȴΪܹƵġ
ţһչ˺Լġ΢ЦӦ
˱ֿˣսǰɳ򡣶ԺԼǣһλȥ
ʱ󣬾ԺֹͣС
ǰΣһƬĮֵԭϡ棬ɳĮԪ½кܶࡣǣƬɳĮȴЩ졣֮䣬˿˿ƵĹŹܲд档ƬĮǸոγɵġ
ɳһЩɫʣںһ
΢ϣԶȻһ
ЩӦľݴԺʯƺǱһɿµ˲ϢȫġԶŵ档
ľǼӲʯȫһݻٻΪ
Ե͸ֵ¼ĵطһģֳɿ
ţҲܻ֮һЩµǾ뷨֮ѾԶˡͷ
߰ɡһ¡
˼ǰУٶȸһЩһЩδ֪Σա
ҲԽԽԾ
⾿ǶôֲƬոγɵĻĮΧ̫ˡ
ǽһЩ͵ʯĿΪ۳Ȼ¡˵Ǿεߣǵʾߣ
ķΧҲ̫ˡ
ȫֵĻһ֮£ɽǧ֮ڿռ䷶ΧʻΪޡƬĮȴ֪жٸǧ׷ΧҲзԲķΧ
Ǻֲεһ㣿
ǡ
յʱ˵·һ޴ӡ֮ڣеĲʹת
֮棬Ӧþ·ˡԣǵÿˣѾ˱һִˡæ˵
Ŷɻ
ʥԶʥˣضһȥˡһ䣬ԣѵûɣǰˮ֣ŪôĶʥΪûг𣿡
ЦЦ
ԶʱȻ
ʥػ߳ҲѾˡʥмʥߣЩʥߣҲаɡ
ţҲȥԵ˵ͷ
ಣӰٸȥ˶ʥӦԿܴڵΣ
Ũķ֮Ӧǿճķ֮Ҳò̾
ǰķ֮Ũ֪ٱ
ǽٶһܿ졣ҲΪġ
Ƿ֮һ֮汻ȡߣҲͻָԭˡҡҡͷ˵
ﳤȥǲ̫ܵġ
ԵȻҲһ㣬Ҳһ˵ˡ
ص
ҽޱȵȡ
ҲʥߵԪֿܵȵĿǵʾߣӴһֱٻ١ǻҽ͸ˣʥֱҽӴҲסֲֿ¶ȣⲢͨҽ¶ȱͨҽ֪߶ٱ
ɫƽԭϣ׵ӣμ
ʱˣɫѿǵܣһźɫĻ治ϵĳ֣ЩֵúףʧҲסǣɫ΢ʥҲգʱڻΪɻҡ


921 ̽·
׵ĺɫ棬̺µĻʥ߽Ӵɫ棬ںʱڻΪɻҡ
һķʥס
ӪܣԿһЩĲϡЩϣﱻƻдģڼʥʥʹõľϣȫڣģ쳣̵ļٲ亱ϡ
ĲϣҲʧȥ˼ֵΪƷ
ֱڣǰƶֻǣƶٶȼΪͨ˲еöࡣ
ɫ֣ͬϵ˸ԿһЩɫֱ֣ǿҵĲƵһ֮󲹳ָ
μ
һԭסһˡ˵١
ģ
Ƭ֮أжڵٶȣ²ܴԭסӪ֮УһɫߣͷԪҧ˵
֣㴩֮صûʲôǣֵܼ֮ܲءʥǿάôķΧǵ̫ˡȥҵδ֮أҪȫˡһ˵
ǰʥһǿʥʹ£ܵס֮صĻ֮𡣵άôķΧǵҲ̫ˡһʥְﲻʲôæһߣҡҡͷ˵
ȥǿ϶ֲס
ɶ񡣡
Ҫ˳ȥ̽·äĿߣĻ̫֮࣬ÿʥ֮𣬶ҪļһЩ֮ǶǵѹСܶࡣԣҪ˳ȥ̽·С
Ӫ֮У벽ǿ߿顣
Щʥߣ򶼽͡ʥûʸ졣
ʥǺǿʥһʥߣʹʥﲻ̫æ˵޷ʹãǵԪͲٿصķ֮Էֿ֮µĹò
ʥһʥߣǾ͸Ϊˡ
ʱӪģҪǼ벽εǿߡЩ벽񣬶սҴģǧû뿪ʥһΪ֮Ŵʥ
ȥ̽·ô˭أ
ûȥ̽·ģһ벽ĿһתɨЩͨʥߡ
û˵
ˣֳĬ
ΪҶ֪뿪ʥıǾ·һЩˣս֮أ˲١ʥʹãҲŵԴҲһЩ뿪ʥҪƾԼҵһ·֮أЩˣһĶ棬ûһܳɹ֮ͨء
ڰ벽ǿߣҪ˳ȥ̽·˭Ը⣿
ȥһ
Ҷû㹻ǰ벽Цһ
ҿʹԪ½˿ʼһ۰벽˵
˽ŷ֣½İ벽ǿߡ
磬սб飬ԭ壬Ư޼ϵƬ½Ԫ½½Ƭ½еƬ
Ԫ½Ԩ˵Ԫ½ΪռݵԨġ½཮򣬶ھԨԶĵط
ŷ⻰һ˵벽ǿ߶Ŀ΢΢һһʱû˿ڷԡ
Ƭ̺
ŷִˣΪҪԪ½߿ʼһʥߣɫҰףǿŷ벽ʵ
˽飬Ԫ½ߡ
ŷҪԪ½гȥ̽·ΪԪ½ߣȻв⡣
ߣ⻹ʣ
Ԫ½һ벽ε߶ûСˣǱ¡ȥ̽·ҲǵĹˡѵǾðװҪǵıܺ𣿡ŷɨһۣĮ˵
ʥУȷʵûԪ½İ벽ߡ
ս֮УԪ½Ԩӽ཮ԣսԪ½߳ģֱӲսʥͬࡣҲ͵£Ԫ½ʧ󣬰벽εߣȫսһҴ档
޾Ԫ½벽еһ
Ƭ½УƬ½а벽ߴڣֻԪ½ǿҲʥΪ
ŷֵĻԪ½ʥߣ󣬶¶εɫ
½ʥߣɳһ
ȥ·һҶһ㡣Ԫ½ȥ̽·½˵Ȼġ
ŷִˣǶԭס񣬵սƬ½ߣɱԪ½ߣҲࡣڣΪҪĴ½ҵĴ½أҧҧĿԥɫһ˵


922 Խ
һʥ涥ײ벽Ҫܴ
鵱ȻҲŷ벽񣬿ڵľ棬غ
ĻŷĿһĨɱ⸡ɨһۡ
ûʱĥƤӡ
Ԫ½˸ˣǲˬȫ뿪ʥıΧߣΪǣʥıΧ˲СûЩǾͿɲ١ŷ
ڣҪôȫ뿪ʥıҪô˳ȥ̽··ԼѡŷĿ⻷Ԫ½ˡ
Ԫ½ߣŷֵĻҲŭ
ŷ֣ȻֱǷ
ɷŭŭԷǰ벽εǿߡԪ½ʵǿʥҲԶԶȲ϶Է
İ벽񣬿ҲûаԪ½˵˼
ҵĴΣƺֻȥʥ֮̽·ˡԪ½˱ϳʥı³¾ȫû
ѣҾŷ˵Ҳе
Լһ룬½а벽񾳽ߣʹʥ֮ĹҲͰ벽εҲάļࡣԪ½ʥߣ޷̫æܲʲôָȥǰɣФǨü
ФǨȱ½İ벽
뿪ʥı̫Σˣɰ
ǺǣǣΪʥΣգǼȻˣȻҲõôõôðôУ¼䣬вͶĺ£ФǨЦЦ˵
һ£˭ȥ̽·ÿһЩǣҪȡ㴩֮ءФǨһ֡
˵Ļŷίöࡣ⻰ȫ֮ŷֵ˼
Ԫ½ߣǱҪ˳ȥ̽·ˡ
ˣ࿴˿
ȥɡһԪ½ߣδ䣬ȥ
֡һ䡣
Ǻǣ£ãҲδػġΪֵˣЦһ̤ǰС
ٿʥİ벽Ҳ˳ƷſһӣֳȥϽַ
ಣ뿪ʥıΧæʥķУͷſСĸӦܵһС
ţ
µĲӰ΢΢һæܿ
Ӱոĵطһźɫʧ
һɿµĻϢԼ壬ҲǾһ亹֮ĳûκιɣ˵޷ҳеĹɡһ֮ڳ֮ǰҲӽ֪
ڷڵԪ½ߣֱܿһŻ棬һ
̫ˡ
ֻҪֺ־ͻᱻɱ
֣Сİ
ֲ˵˵ͷǰС
ԭסӪҲ΢ӿٶȣֵӰ
ٶȾܿࡣ
ǰǰ·Ļ֮ļʾͻСܶ࣬ǵĽͼࡣ
ţãܻ
벽񣬶¶΢Ц˵
˻˻
͡͡
ǻ䡣
ֵܣȻһƬ֮ʮ䡣գ֮䣬ֵʧԭء
죬漴
˿·ϣһЩʥ
֡۾죬ͺһ
ˡ
һƬ֣֮˭ܵסǰ벽񣬿ҲӲ
ţ֮Ʈ䵽ʥϣһƬƵ벽εߣæͬʱעԪٿط
ģֵ֮Ƶʱˡ
УüӿٶǰСԪ½ߣȥ̽·벽ߴ١

ԺֹͣǰС
óȵĿĿǰ
ǿռڣȵҪٻһСǿ¶ȣ˲
Ӧǻ֮أΣյġһİ벽񣬶ͨͳ˵Ե쿴Ƕл֮һǰ벽ҲһʥûΪޡ
ָǰռгֵһɫ˵
ô
ţ˵֮ǱĻ֮۶ɣܷգҲ޷ȥ¡ͷ
ৣ˵䣬ȡһɫͷԪһƬɫĻɢ
ʥԻ֮ĵֿЧֻҪļԪά֡ԵѣҲԪһߡԵ
áҲͷԪע뵽ʥ֮С
˿ǰƶ
ΪֻˣԲҪά̫ķΧ˵ǱȽɡ


923 ִӪ
Ժڻ֮ؿǰС
Щϡ֮صĵϣʱܿһЩΪƷĺϡ
Ѿȥˡҡҡͷ̾ϢһһЩʥ֮е㹻ͣڻ֮Ҳʧȥԭеļֵ
ЩʥвдģĿ
ӦģҲ²ûЩʥսΪػߵĹϵ཮ʥ߼ʥΪǱ뿪཮򡣶Ԩʥߣвٶ򡣡
ʥԭסʥ١˵Ӧ׷ʥЩߣ϶࣬ǿķʥٶҲ첻
šԵͷ
ΪϵĲ϶ʧȥֵ;ԣҲȥȡЩƷϡ֮ǰֵǣҲʧȥ塣
ǰвδá
ѾƬĻ
ƬĻ֮£ԭסӪӪԭסӪҪӪ಻٣ĻҲӴöࡣ
ƬĻ󣬾ԼԪ߶ø죬ñٶȸ졣ѾϴĻǰӰ˸
⡭̫ˡҡҡͷΪ˼ӿǰеٶȣ뿪ʥǰ̽·ˣ
ԵѣԭסӪԭסӪ࣬ĻͻһЩ˿ԡ
ɫҲ䡣
𽥽ӽԭסĻ
꣡
ԿĻ֮ǰ̽·ߣ֮ճɷɻҡ
λˣԪ½ߣ̽·Ѿ߸ǲǸֵ½˳ȥˣɫࡣ
ӷż벽εǿߣԪ½߳ȥ̽·ڣԪ½ʥߣѾˡ
ЩȥߣõģҲյʱ䣬ãһλ֮Ĺʱ̵ģżʱʬ޴档
Ļ벽εߣ໥һۡ
Ԫ½ߣʧȷʵǳءԪ½ʥߣһҲͶʮˣϸոս֮ؾˣⶼӽһˡ
飬ȥ̽·ɡҲ棬Ǿֵ½߳ȥ̽·ŷ벽󣬿ڶ˵
˸ӵĿ⡣
һᡣ
ŷִˣϣ˵㻰Ҫȥ̽·ˡ
ʵϣղѾȥֻǱԪ½סԪ½ûа벽εߣ˵䣬ȻʵʥҲģȲϰ벽񣬿Ҳһʥǿһء
ΪˣŸڰ벽ǿǰһ
Цŷ֣ǳˣϻ˵ˣȥ̽·ɡ½߳ȥ̽·ţ̽·յʱ䣬ԻŷЦһͳյ˵
֣ȥ
磬ȥɣһķʥֶܼһʱ䡣
飬㲻ȥ
Ҳ˽꣬õˡһ׷ԲԵЦЦ˵
һЩԪ½ߣҪ֣߳׷׳
ˣǶ˵ˡ
ǡ
ûʲôǵģ˭˵ԼΪԼʵǿЦ˭ҪΪǿǾͿûбʵǿģǾͱˡ
黷ˡ
Ԫ½ߣĬ
īˣ㣡ŷüߴ١
һΪ˳ȥ̽·Ӫƶٶȷʵ˲١Ԫ½ȥˣʲôϵԪ½ߣ½θɣ
Ԫ½ˣҲ
Ҫֻ֣ܹԪ½ûа벽εǿߡԪ½Ҳа벽ǾͲԪ½˳ȥҪ˳ȥ̽·Ҳ߸½ˡ
ףӪ֮УͻȻ˷һɡ
ˣп˺һŹĻٽӽ
ôˣԱߵ˿ˡ
ǿ˹ָָ󷽵ĹĻ
˶תĿȥ
ٶȺÿ죬ʲôˣ֮أٶȻô죬ʵ϶ǿ
ǰڽӽԭסӪѵԭס񣿡
ˣӦȥӽӪŶԡʱǹĻѾԭסӪܽ
벽εǿߣҲٿĹĻüҲ¶ڴĿ⣬ɻԭס֮еİ벽ǿߣˡмΪǿİ벽ǿߣ볽һ
벻һ벽εԭסǿںġ
СĻڵִԭסӪߣҲСĻеӰ


924 ̫
ԻҶʶ
ǶԾԣ˾ͺİˡû˼ԡǵӡ֮УԨҲûоǿߡ
˭
ʶûӡ󡣡
ҲûͬУҲ򵥰ɡ
˽
а벽Ѿк̬ȱȽϿ
˶ԣǼصĴڣҲǹϵֶˡʥߣʵΪǺ̶ֳȣʥҲйۡ
˵һλ벽ǿҪ鷳ɽȴԾɺúûţλ벽뿪Ҵ֮λ벽ǿ߾Ҳûڹ۹
Ҳظֱ
ð벽ǿ߻ͷģһʥ
λѣò˰Ҳ΢Цֻ
ʥֿһӣԺ˳ƵĲС
λúܣɷһ£½İ벽ŷ۾žԣѯʡ
ǡǾԵѣԪ½ЦŽܾԡ
Ԫ½
ѹͬУԪ½뻺ŷֻȻĵͷ
ȻǴԪ½ȻԭסˡͿԽͣԣֱԭסӪһӪ
ŷٿԵࡣ
ڳĴ󲿷ߣûǰĺɻ
Ԫ½ģҲʲôǿߣֻܿǵʾ֮ͨɫֻǿϵԲ
ڻ֮ؿǰУ⵹⡣ҲһܺǿʥˮԵʥܿƻ֮صĻ֮
ȻˣˣԪ½ߣԾԾеöࡣ
Եѡ
СѺðӦòɣѵÿԪ½ߡ
ԭסʥǲܻص཮ģǼеʱ䣬ʥȹʥǲ򲻵Ѷ롣
ʥԭסڻ֮ҲԼĿ̣пԻȡʯʯԴһ֮صԴҲǼࡣ
Ԫ½ˣȽ뾰кЩ˶Կ
ЩкҲĻ񣬼㱻СҲ⡣񻹲꣬˵ȷʵҲСȻҪǣЩ˶Լûе⡣
ԣЩѶԪ½սлġԾԵ
սʱͻԾڸأȻҲ壬ԭסȽϤ
Ȼ½ߣԾԵ̬䵭ܿЩ˵뷨Щԡ˵Ķ˵ʵֲܿڼʱ֮ǰնɱ˶İ벽ˮ
ǿԣΪʵǿԼ뷨
ԭλԪ½ǰԴ𾴵
ûЩǰĵֿ཮򣬿ѾȫռˣԨԪ½׵塣ԭס㲻Ҳ㰲ݡ壬ԭסǿٷǣ
ԣЩˣԪ½Щߡ
ǻȲҪ̸ˣ֮أΣأץʱͨ˵زҪġŷüЩԪ½ߺ;ġ
飬ھͼ̽·ŷִߴ顣
ȵһ¡Կڴŷ֡
ҷźʱ򣬿뿪ֱ֮ɱü˵
Ϊ֮ͨأⲻҪһЩġ̽·ȻǺΣաû̽·ǿֲ֮ܶ߳ءǰ·Ȼͷ֪Ҫ߶Զ뿪յءŷһ
ǿϣ뾰ԽôࡣһԪ½Сӣֵ벽ǡ
Сѣ˵ˡڳȥ̽·Ԫ½߾ͿԼõ˵˵ãյʱءЦЦԾҡͷþԲҪٶ˵
ѣ㲻ˡû̽·ҲǿԼӿٶǰеġԶ˵
ļ룬άַ֣Ȼ࣬ҶԼӿٶߡ
ŷ⻰ʱ̶Ц
Сѣ뷨̫ˡȱ½ФǨҲ۾ҡͷ˵Ȼ࣬ҪάôΧ֣ҪǼ벽ߡʱٶô죬ΪάֵֺСʥҲر𡣡


925 ĺ
½ߣԵ񣬶Щ֮⡣
ǻ֮ôͨô̵ǰƶ
ʶ쿪֪ߵغ
ФǨĻҡҡͷڻ֮ܣȻҪάôķ֣ȷʵҪļԪԼսһߣϸԪܲٿصķ֮ҲҴƱ
Լ񵤲쵤
°벽εϸԪĹ룬һŲ쵤Ҳڼ̵ʱ½ϸӯ
СѣҪ˵ˡһɫ
¾˵̫࣬ŷֵˣʱ벽ǿ߷ٽԪ½߶ϳȥͲˡ
Ҳƺ뾰Թϵ
ǣܴԪ½ʮһʵǿֶҲ࣬ɴžһʮǰУǾǲһġʮ˵ĳ̶ȣĵԪȴһ˲֪Ҫٱ
ǰ벽Ҳ̫ܵסԪ½Уûа벽εߡ
˵վˣ˼ƾʲôԭס񴩹֮أ
飬ٵʱ䣬֮ǰҵĳŵɾЧˣҪȥ̽·ģԪ½֮ѡŷɫ
ЩջҪǶԾԵġ
ղžԴĻܲӣ
ʲô˼
ѵ֮ǰȥ̽·ģԪ½ߣɫҲ
ղţɲ֪ôһΪ½߶гȥ̽·ġ
ŷֵĻٿԪ½߾Ȼֻʮȫ߼ٸҡ
ȥ̽·һԵĻæ˵
ϸ磬վסԵһȡ
΢΢һ㶣ĿžԡԵһɵζһʱ䵹ǽסˡ
һתǼ벽εߡԾԵȻɸӦڳļ벽ߡ
ǣ
Һ֮ǰǿֻԪ½߳ȥ̽·ԵУŭ⡣
Сӣ˵ûŷҲ̲סŭˣĿд׹˵
Ԫ½һ벽߶ûУûǱ뵽ŷЦ˵
ŷ˵еģûа׳Ե͡ҪôҪһЩۡ½İ벽Ҳ˿Ե
Щ˰ȻˣλѣΪԪ½ûа벽ߣѹԪ½ߣʵڲǾΪҡҡͷ˵
ȻˣͲҪԭסڲˡŷЩ
ŷֵȻҲЩɵǣԶûµĳ̶ȣǺܲϲ仰
ٺ١Ҷˡ۾ٺ١һЦ
Ǻǣˡ
Ԫ½ûа벽εߣԾ͸ΪڻΪ̽·
ţǼҲ˼԰ɣԿʣ¼û˵İ벽ߡ
ԵĻжŭ
һԪ½Ȼ˵Ƣõİ벽ߣüžԡ
ŷֵһŭȡ
СӣҲ̫ˣǰҲ˷˭ôĵӣŷϢƺҪԾԳֵļơ
ãܺã
ͬԭסķϣû̫ࡣڡȻҲûʲô˵ˡȷʵĺˡ
ɶСӣ֣ʹǹȥû֣͸ϷԹԱ죡ŷ۶ˣת˲¶ڽı飬˵
˵Цһ
ϸ磬λԪ½ĵѣǿԸһߣԿԪ½ʮʥߡ
Ԫ½ߣʱ
ʲôԥģȥʹ졣һӴЦ˵
ԣ߾ߡ
Ҳﵱڻǿ˵ˣҲһԪ½ߣ׷׿ڣԭѹͷҲһࡣ
鿴˿ˣ̾һûٶ˵ʲô
Ԫ½ˣʾԸ뾰ߡ
һ𣿡ԶԪ½˵ͷֿ
֮ǰʹõķʥܲܽʥԪ½һߣȻá
½ߣôѯЩЦԣʲô˰ʮԪ½ߣôܴӦ
һʱ䣬ЩˣþԻǹġǵûֱӳڷֻ̣ǽĿ⿴ķӦ


926 ǿ֪ˮ
ڼ½߿ǲܴӦԪ½һߵġ
֮أԣҲ֮ءôܴӦʮ׸Լðգ
˵½ȼ½ߣԪ½ˣҲΪӦԵ
ԵѺһ֮ͬأռ˱ءԵĻոЦ˵
˲֪ʵжǿۿԻɱ벽ǿˮġΪǾԼҲܴʮԪ½ߴ֮ء
ⷬһ㶼ǹάֻڳһʵ
ֻǣĻڱ˶УͲôΪˡ
ԣŷֵ˶Щ㵡ʲôʱô˵ˣЩ֮УҲȻ˰£Ҫȡģû˵ƽ޹ʵİԭסߴǰˡ
ôˣ
ʲôϵԾԵ̬ȣͷԡӱ濴ԾԺƷǳ𾴣ԴҲ벻еԵɡݵλΪλԪ½һ˹ά
˶㵵Ŀ⿴;ԡ
ԭΪܾԵˣɫ̫ȻԪ½ߣϸֳɫǼ˷ˡһߣǻϣȻǿˡ
ϸ磬׼תĿ˵
飬ȴЩԥ
˿ߵʮԪ½ߣֿԺ
΢Ĭ黹ǿ˵Сѣ
ǵĺ⣬ǺܸмֻǣЩˣ᲻ǴΣգ˴֮ذպܴ󣬿ǣְﲻʲôæ¾͡
۾Ժ
ĻҲЩůתƾ仰ԾΪһֵõġ
ѣ̫ˡԵѵʵɲһΪԵ뵽ҵɣˣʵմ˾ԵѵĹⰡδ˵Ц˵
˶
ĻЩš
жǿʵ
ǿҲǵʾΪˡԪ½ѵܵôʥߣ˵㾰ʥƺҲû̫áЩˣʥʥкü
˺ˣ𵢸ʱˣ߰ɣ԰ڰ˵
λѣ򿪷֣ˡ٣һôҪˣλҲɲ١ŷֵ˵
ŷֵˣתĿһۡ
ĳɣҲͺ̵ܶʱ䡣ת˲ŷ־ЦһַֽֿһšҪδʮ׸ͨޱȵĻ֮ء
ߣһ߳ͬʱΧһƬˮɫĻ
Ҳ̤˽ȥ
ˣüʮˣڻǶ½Ľˮɫ֡
λǾһˣŴĻŷֵ˹˹֡
ˮɫСĻеˣǰƶ
ߣҵҪδʮ֮ͨءصжֶΣŷֶǰƶСĻ˵
ܹԭסӪߣף˳֮ͨذɡһ벽εߣҡҡͷ̾Ϣһ˵
Ҳ߰ɣԪ½ߣǵķΧСһЩФǨ

ˮɫСĻƶٶȣþˡ
СĻеˣֻǰС
ǿһЩ֮ײСĻ֮ϣСĻֻ˸ͽֵ֮һ֮תٽ֮
⡭
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ʲôʥѵɣ
֮ܣﶼûӰ졣е𾪣ֱﵽԸӵĵز
ǺǣҲʥˡǿֵ֮ɣǶǾԵѵʹȻûԵһֱڹעԪ𣿡˵ĵۣЦ˵

ʲô
С˿ԡ
ɻǣǿԺܳȷʵڴ߶ԪƺҲ⡣Ȼͬ⣬żͷԪעʥ
ǿ֪ˮ˵ı飬ֽ˵һ䡣
ˮĶ벽񣿡
ǵȻʶʥҲˮǼ߰ˡ
˵Щ֡һʥԭס˼ˣˮһֱû˷׷׿ڡ


927 
ԭסȻֱһӪ˫ͬʱִġ
˲δӪп벽ˮ
֮ǰû룬𣬴ҲžơˮӺʵôûѵˮԷ֮û̫Ȥ
ˮǲɡ΢Ц
˶ɻ
Ǻǣڼʱ֮ǰˮѾԵֻɱˡ۾΢һ£ڻ֮ءʱҲֳԵѻɱˮǲŸӦ֮ĲԸ˹
ˣԶס
ĿǾ֮ɫ
ʵ޷š⻰˵ġʲôɱ֯Ļƭǣ
һ룬ΪζԾôأôǿʵ⵹ǿԽˡ
ֻǣôӵлɱˮʵ
ԲԪ½
ңҿȷԵͲܴٲ󵽲μӹǧǰսսʱûһоԵǿ߲ս
ˣ
ˮȷʵɱˡԿڣ˵ҲӣֻҵݣЩ⡣ȻԪ½ҵĸȴˡĸ׵ļ壬һЩͻˮЩҳɱ
ԴŵĽһ¡
ԡˣʵôôǿˮڰ벽ǿУһġ˵ǳ˳֣Ҫɱˮסһʵ
ҲáӦ֪ɣҵõĴУȽϿ졣Ե
Զӡ󲻴Ҳǽ̸Щ顣
ǲ˾ҲԪ½ߡԼ˶Щн˵һ䡣
ԵǺ͵ģҲ´һˡЦ
ȻԺ˵Ҫʼʱ⣬ǲˣǾСĳƺ϶û˸ôˡ
˵ԼõУҲпǣȻҲ֪˶νõһЩǶУǾʹδнӴˣܶΪֻٴԡ
ھȴõĴС
ԼĪʱ
ǰ桭Ҫ֮ˡͻȻһ˵
Ҳ֮⣬ƺһЩ仯
ʱڵĵطֳɫʱܿ¶ڵرĿҽ֮ĵطɫɫ
λע⣬ӿٶǰСԵ˵
ಣ΢߶Ԫǿȡ
ˮɫĻٶٴμӿ졣ʮˣǰȥ
׵ľ룬˵ܿͨ
ͣ
˻˻
ˮɫĻ֮صʱ򣬿ռڳֵĻ֮ͻȻࡣɲ֮䣬㼸ʮɫƾճ֡
⻹ǿʼ
ʮɫ棬䵽ˮɫĻ֮ϣЩδʧűгּʮ֮
ҿϢһ
֮͵𶯡
ˮɫĻ棬ķƣҫ۵ĹâţĻȻš
ȥԵͺһ
ˣҲȫעڵõԵʾͬʱ͵ǰ塣

ʱڳ˻֮أתȥһųɫĻ棬ʧڿռ֮ڡ
ǿ£
û뵽ʱ̣ȻҵĹûоԵѣֻǵסġ˶˵
Դ˳ɺ⣬ʵеգ˶֪ܼĻ֮һӾͳּʮ֮࣬ǵȺ嫵ĹжֲûоԵסǱضҪ
лԴˣ˶Լ
λ˿԰˰֡
ķ֮ŨԸһ¿ռڵķ֮ٴ̾˵
룬֮Ũ
磬ҲôŨķ֮ǵóֶʥǿߣ磬Դ񾧸ֿʯݡ
ҲǼʥ
ʱûʲôΣա
Ϣһ£Ȼ롣λҲѰһǷ֮浮֮أӦûྪ춯صĹ屦
֮浱ȻǼģ֮Ͼϡ٣ֻܿһ֮İͻȽ϶һЩҲǼֵɹĹ屦
ţ΢һ¡Եͷ֮浮أ˻֮⣬ǷΣգ
Σտ϶еģ֪֮浮֮أΣյʽҲͬȷ֮ؾԲǷ֮浮ΨһյĵطǣҪСһЩԽӽ֮棬ΣվͻԽࡣ룬˵


928 ޴ʧ
Եλãǻ֮أǰδ֪֮ء
ҲͬãǰʲôΣյǡԣֻһһ
֮ͨغǿͷųʹáҲ̿̽ܵĻ죬ּķΧ
Ȼĵ򣬱ȾĻҪö࣬߾ܵĴ߶ȻԶԶ޷̽ǰСڷ֮ںεأ͸ûκͷˡ
Եǳء
ĿǰΪֹûи֪ȷеΣϢģܾͷѹһʯͷоͷΣգԷͬһ㡣ֻǣҪȻ֮صĻ֮Ҫµöࡣ
תĿˡ
ϸ磬ԺǼǰнزҪ뿪̫ԶǽſһΣգҡ˵
ţסͷ
ôɡԵ
֮ͨأԵȻСҲҪ΢һϸԪɡˣĲάǼʥҪǾԡˣ͸ûʲôˣȫھԵı´֮ء
˿ʼǰƶҲ·ɢ
Ѱҹ屦ҾһȻʡ
Ƭ̫󣬾˶ɢܽѰķΧҲֻռһˡ
Ҫҵ֮İȷʵҪõ
һߡ
ԭסӪŷֵˣҲ𽥽ӽ֮صıԵ
Ԫ½뿪ӪȻ̽·ֻһΣ½
Ϊ뿪ʥı̽·ǵƶٶȵǿ˲١
֮ͨأ˵϶¶˷ܵɫ̽·УȻҲ˲ʥߣǿһжֵõġ
䣡
Ǽӿٶȣ׼һȥʱǰ֮͵ӣʥķֽӴּ˸
벽εǿߣɫһ䣬ǵѹȻϸԪ߶ޡ
ԪˣʥԪ
㣬ʥ춥סˡФǨ
һʥס֮ôЩ˵³ͿԤˣԻڼʱһȺ
ʥҲκγɣĴ߶Ԫ
Կʥ־ҵ˸ʱܱƵӡ
ס
ˣȥע⣬壡ŷĿ˸Ź⻪ȵ
ಣ
ٶߣ͵Ķʥ֣ǰȥ
ۣ
ʥ֣ڻˣֲĳ¶ȣ͵Ĵ˷ѹȶһŻ֮ϯŰ

ɶ񡭡
ҽ
һӰڻ֮лΪޡЩˣҽûüͱȫȼգʬ޴档
ͬʱҲϵ˳ɹĳ˻֮أȫĵִ档ЩߣڵĴϢţϾŵıþòɢǵ˫Ŀ֮УĿ⡣
֪ôգ˸ͲˡǷ֮ջǿҲ
Ƭ̺ܹƽ
ŵˣѾ˻֮ءûгģ
ŷֵȰ벽εߣǶǣҲһᾪδĿµĹЩ벽΢һЩҲ档
ʧ̫ˣǾʮˡһ벽һ󣬳̾˵
ڽ֮֮ǰǵһٶࡣڣȥ뾰һ뿪ʮԪ½֮⣬ʣµˣȻ
˱鶼Щʹࡣ
ΪȥˣеǹϵõֵܽáǣҲЩˡ
˵ӡ
ǰ޷õ֮棬һΡһ벽Ҳҡҡͷ
Ԫ½ˡԪ½ˡ
Ļ̫ܼ֮Ԫ½˼ִܸﵽҲԴܣȫû˰ɣŷЦЦ
ǰȻأֶμࡣһƬĻ֮𣬿ҲΪȻԼܻΣʱ̣һᶪԪ½ˡФǨͷ˵
ߣҲܹǣҵġһֱǣԲȫûŷֲδжΡ
ˣĬȻ
ô˵Ԫ½ߣҲԭסӪġӱ˵ǲϣ˶ֻڣٶ࣬Ҳܸıʲôˡ
ˣһ£Ȼػ߸ǵϢ֮ͨأӦþһЩ֮İ֡ܵõһЩ屦ҲһתĿ˵


929 ᾧ
ԡԼԪ½ߣڻƽ
磬ҷһͻȻյһ
ʲôʶķʡ
֪ͨԡ
ѵкöҵˣҲ΢΢һ
Ϣ֪һ˵
˶һλƶ
طһʥһվһöɫľʯǼɫ
ԡˣƬִ̺
Դˣ磡ʥһ߼˵첽ӭҷֵĶе񾧣Ǳ񾧴öܸ࣬оǿҵķϢ
ʥһ΢еĲɫʯ
ǡ΢ü
ԵеĲɫʯ˵öɫʯȷʵ񾧱ȽƣҪࡣҿԸӦķ֮ΪŨǿңʮ֮⣬֪򲨶
ĵ
ʶⶫתĿʵ
ţзᾧǷ֮İ֮һ̺侫ķ֮Ҫöࡣ磬ҲѵõĺöһöᾧҪһǧö񾧲򵽡˵ͷ
˻~
Ļڳˣһ
һǧö񾧣
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ս֮ǰҪõһǧöҲס
ͱ˵ǰվ֪ϢǰѾǶεİ벽񡣵ǣԴ޶ڵõ񾧣ҲͲžŰٶöѡǰǿߣս֮ǰҲͲоŰٶ಻һǧ񾧶ѡ
һʥߣһӿҲô񾧡
˶Ľ񣬿ʥһߡ
⡭Ҳ̫˰ɣʥһɫ΢΢죬˿ˣĿЩɺԥ
Ԭǿáҵöᾧξûˡ΢Ц˵
磬ԴˡԬǿͻȻĿһ·¾öᾧҽǡ
˵ţᾧǰݳ
ǣ΢΢
磬Щ꣬һֱǣʥһЩλΣ֮ͨأȫǿԴ˺ԣһöᾧܹҡԬǿᶨ˵
鿴ԡ
ᾧȻ㷢ֵģȻС԰˵ô䣬ҪԼ˼ǿƽöᾧȻðڡ
ô˵ҲΪԬǿǵ˼Ԭǿֻʥһŷᾧ˵δؾǺ¡һöᾧð벽εǿۺɱˡ
Ԫ½ЩߣԬǿķᾧ½أеǿأ
ǺǣҲýҼڡҵǾþԵѵĻеģλԬǿѣֻʥһΪʹ÷ᾧ̫˷ˣҲ˵졣ԣͲʮһƽֱȽϺáǵõöȻҲҪƽ֡һôǣ˰һˣҶܵõôЦ˵
Դ˺˵öԣǾƽ˰ɡԬǿٴο˵
Ԭǿȷ𣿡Ԭǿ
ţԬǿͷ
ƽöᾧǽǷֵκαҲҪƽ֡תĿˡ
˶ͬ⡣
ڡֿЦŷᾧᾧôأƺҲиʮݵӡ
Σᾧֵһǧö񾧣Ҿһǧö񾧽Ȼǽƽֵ
ⷨᾧ̺ǿķ֮ھ˵ȻǼҪһ񾧶ЧѾôˣ÷ᾧǵȻõúܡ
̫ˡ˷ܵ
ˣҲͬ⡣
óһǧö񾧣ᾧһǧö񾧣ֳʮݣÿһݡҲԺڣԺҪ
˼Ժ̬ȼټҲԺȱ񾧡־óһǧö񾧣ȱ񾧣ԣҲûټ֡
ܿģ
ǼѰңⷨᾧ϶ֻһöã˵ܿҵڶö
Ҳ¸߰
ʵʵ˵ν뷨֮֮أֻҵһöᾧЩˣҲԳƵջˣÿ˶ֵӽһö񾧣ȥң
䣡
ʱһƵӺңԶţԱǸоһǿҵϯ
ô£ɱĿһ󷽡


930 鷳
ԶݵѾ΢ⲻԵĸӦɲ֮УߵԪɷֲӡ
˽Ҳ֪
ǡԭסɱ˰ɣɫһ
Ϊ˵õķ֮屦ӪɱҲпܵġ
ֿܡ⣬˫ӦòڻɱӦӪģɱ߶ûкôԳ˵
ȥ֪ˡ˵
ţȥԵͷ
һȺˣӿٶƶ
Ѱұ˵ץʱռݾƵġ絽δջöࡣΪҪһЩ
ǡ
Եˣɱ
һͷȫڣͷһֻǵӴޣڷĹͷޣȫֲһСɽ
һǿʥڶ߲ϵչһ⻪˸ܿռڵĺڰ
ʲôҰޣÿµҲˣЩȻԵ˿ڡ龪ı˵
ޣ
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ǺǣΪҪǣǣֲϤЦһ
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ΪҪǣЫٶȾˣĵͼ񣬶ûлЫٶȿ졣Ҳ˵Ыɱͼֻбķݡ˿˵
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ǵķʥγɵ֣ȻܷסЫĹȫֻҪ΢˺һӣЫβ;ܴ벢ҽ綾ȥ


931 һ
ǿ߶סЫľ綾˵ͨʥ
Ы綾ֻҪմһ㣬ǵ
ڶ̶ʱڣѾвʥȫ
ЫҲΪƻԭסӪ벽ӲӲһЩ벽ǿߵĹѡãȻһᷢ
ԭסӪȻ࣬ȴǻЫȫû취һЩȥĸ߼̱΢󷨶ԻЫӰҲΪޡ
ôȥǽҪԣЩԭסӪߣʧΪء

ɶô޻Ы벽εǿߣ˻𣬼ĹЫ
ȥУ˶ҲɱЫȱ½İ벽ФǨ˼˵
ô죿޷ͣ˿ܻءΨһŮ԰벽ǿü
񡭡ֻһ취ˡһ벽
ʲô취ŷɫࡣ
Ǽ벽ȥЫߡǰ벽ŻЫɫ壬ҧ
ߣ벽һ
ЫǲأУǵٶȣԶԶЫЫ׷ǣôѣŷַʡ
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ֻһԣ򡭡Ǽ½ʥߣܻȫǰ벽˵
ҪͬʱֿߣЫٶȻ죬ֻһͷ׷ȫˡŮ԰벽һ
仰˵˶Ĭ
ΪҶףЫȻһͷҲȷʵֻ׷һˣǱ׷һˣ½ûܻѡ񣬾ܷȫƾˡ
ףǿǲǡ
ʱһ˷ȵԶ˵ľԵˡ
飿
֮ǰǷֿԪ½ߣǸԺڡ
ôܣôûô֮ͨصģǡƺһû٣ȫ˶š
ԭסӪУһԾ
ΪǷֿԪ½ߣѾȫȥˡţǵԤ֮ڡԪ½߶ţȫǵˡ
뿪֮Ľ׶Σǻֲֵ̫֮ˣӪ˺üʮʥߡƾֶΣԪ½߶ģ
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ԿԭסӪɫٳûгְæ
ڻ֮ŷֵ˷֮ǰԿԭסӪ߱Ыɱ϶ԥĳֶԸЫǴʱ˿̣Щԥ
Щڻ֮صΪþĺΪԪ½ûлŵİ벽ߣǾͽԪ½ʥߵڻңþԷŭҪԭ
Դˣȥæɫӣڻ̲ס˵
תĿ顣
ϸ磬Ǹղڻ֮ôˣԶķӦеЩ⡣
Ȼǡ
Ԫ½ߵڻ̽·ôǡϾǶԭס񣬴ͬͬԴվǱЫɱҡЩžԡ
ϸ磬ʵȥæҲ޼¡ǻЫʵ̫ǿˣһİ벽ҲԶԻЫвҡҡͷ
סǣԭסŽһģǵսУǿѾˡЦЦԴˣҲҪְæ˼㲻֣κ˶˵ĲǣҲûгֵɡڻ֮أŷЩ˶ôȫҵġ
̾Ϣһ˼
һߣһֱ΢ЦԹۡ
ΰɣϣܳԡڻ޷Թۡ
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һȥԵֿ޹أȺҲԼȥѰҹ屦
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ԭסӪ˹ȥ
ǿҪǰæ΢תԪѯʵ
ԭסӪˣ˹оѾڴϣܵõİæֻǣǶϣʵֵĿҲûб̫ϣûǣֲԭס
ԵѯʣЩ˶ͷһϲ
ܹõİǵݶ顣һ벽̾ʹ˵
ֶμ࣬౦ֻҪһֱƻЫٶȣôǺɱЫҲ޷¡


932 ȫ
ԭסӪУ벽εкü
ǶԻЫ޲ߵҪԭ򣬾ǻЫٶ̫죬ǵĹԻЫЧ
ƻЫٶȣÿһιܻлЫɱЫʱˡЫķȵҪࡣһɥʧٶƣǻЫĻɱѶȻȵҪһЩ
ȻҪƻЫٶȻҲôףЩͼΪθԸԸԸԻЫ
ǰ벽Ļҡҡͷ
λѣǸлˣҿûǻɱЫ۾
Ӫеˣ΢΢һ㶡⻰ʲô˼
ĪǶԸЫ
δٿϸѯʣѾ˶Ӱһ˸ʧԭأŻЫ̹ȥ
֮ʩչ֮£һ⣬ֻգۼ䣬ѾסЫвɫâ˸ϼֳ
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вϼϣһҫĿĹ⻪ֶת˲֮䣬ΪһƬ⣬ŻЫɨȥ
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꣡ʩչĽ죿
ֻɫӻЫһţ֮ǻЫĳɫϣһ˿ڡ
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ڣǸĿˣʼƾΪˡ
벽ŷɫѿ
뵽ڻ֮أԾԵ̬ȣо̲סȻһ޻ЫɱǿߣĿ̱˵ͬʱҲЩҾûƽϣǾԶŭɱܵס


933 ɱЫ
ˣܡ
ЩԪ½Ϊûа벽εߣʥһֱȽƣЩ̧ͷ
½ԭסߣҲЩԪ½ߡǷĦһҲԪ½ѡá
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ڣȻͬˡԪ½оԴǿڣ½Ժ󻹸ѹԪ½
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Ыȷʵܲ׻ɱԵսȻԱһ񣬿ϾûǲϼﵽΣǾԶԶԻЫЧɱˡ
һЩͼҲԣٶȡԵٶȣȻЫҪʤһûЫֲȫɥʧټҲҾԵ͵»Ыɱȫ·硣
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Ыޣڣ޾ѪǱȽ϶ģЩܱȡ޵ϣ޾ѪļʺܵͣҲֻȡһΡ
ڻЫϣܹȡ޾ѪͶˣȡ˽ӽһٵ֮ࡣ޾ѪԾ˵Ѿû̫ôǶЩΪϵ͵˵ǲɶõĺö
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ǺǣһնɱЫͼЦſڡ
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޾Ѫʥ߶ԣΪġǣЩѪϵģǱȴһЩޡαȡľѪ
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һĻ½ߣĽĿ顣
Ҳ۲
ǣҪ޾Ѫ
Դˣлľ֮롭ܷǣһ벽˿ž˵
оǿߴǣＴޣҲ̫ġ
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ޣӦҲ̫ࡣСһЩҲˡ˵
ڻ֮ЩþʧǾԴҲ˳Ȼ£ڣѾһˡǿǶԭסķϣԶ־ǡ
ԵĻ˶Щʧ
ҶѰĹ屦ɣҼöᾧûˡԶһ˵


934 谭
ᾧ⼸֣벽һ
ͱð
Ǵӳ˵ᾧҲ֪ᾧ綼󡣵Ƕܲҵᾧûôˡ
磬֮滹ǵһ˵һжôİҲ֪ܲõһЩô
紩֮һЩʱ䣬ѾҵһöᾧֻҪһֱѰңǻջġֽ˵һ䡣

зᾧ֣
⡭Ƭ½ߣһ񣬿ʼĦȭˡ
ˣҾͲҪʱˣɢѰҰɡתĿ˿һ˲ʱ
ɱȻڼһս֪Ҫá
Ҳȥۿ
ԭסߣѾٷɢε飬ϸ
ʱһȥת۾һܡ
Եѣջ񣿡һ򣬷ɵԽǰѯʡ
ʲôûҵοЦһƬҲ̫ˣûб߼ʵӣֻ¾һ꣬ҲԽһ顣㷢ʲôˣ
һ
ëûҵǵǲҲҡͷЦ˵
ǰԭסУѾкü˹屦һͨʥߡԵ
ĿǰΪֹȷʵѾ֮ﱻҵˣзᾧҲһЩʯһ亱ĶЩ屦ߣѰʥǼ벽ͬǺ
ջ񣬻ǵÿ
ԵѣǸóˡͻȻ֮ڵأӦѾ֣һЩֶΣ̽鵽˲ѰϢ
ô죿΢΢һ
Ҳ֪ػ߳һЩǿİ벽д֮أѰҷ֮ľλáû뵽ǣһڶʱ䣬֮λþͱˡ
Ҳ϶ҲֶΡõ֮棬ûôס㷢˷֮棬ҪߣҲҪٺܴѵġ
ҲȻ
Ǿ߰ɣԵ
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ûѯҪҪһߣΪǾȥˣҲ޷Ⱦָ֮棬ѰҰʵڡ
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ţշ֮ձȷʵˡ֮֮ܣȻγһЩȻ󱣻Щеǿеһ㡣ͷ
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䣡
飡
ҵײܿʹ˶ʡԺһۣ֪Ӧػ߳һȺˣڹĳһȻ
˵ǰ֮⡣
ȷʵǣһЩԭס벽벽һƬɫâЩɫâҲʱķ
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ػߴˣ
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ǰȥ֪ҪãܻȻ󡣡һҲε˵
ȻѾûа;ϵĵȻȻؼ伳ȡٶȱΪõĴ죬ֻҪǵĹǿٶȱٶȿ죬ᱻơ˵
ػߴ˵ûǵΪ˵õ֮档ΣûзĵһɫεߣĿᶨ˵
ಣ
ӰӺ󷽿ٽӽ
ţһתӺ󷽡
벽ҲȺ˽ӽڹȻİ벽Ҳֹͣ˶תĿǸ򡣺ܿ죬ǾͿ˾Ժ
ػߣ΢Ц֡
ԭЦŵ˵ͷһΪء


935 
΢ת
֮ɲҲոְˡЦ
кĿ⿴ԡ
˵ǳڶμԡһΣԪ½ʱԽʥӦԿþԪ½һʱ䡣
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ھԨ飬Ҳ֪
Եѣּˡ΢Ц˵
ػߡԹ֡
˳⣬˶ԾԿɾİˣû˵Ե֣֪ԵΪԨΪ£Ͼʱ䲻ڳİ벽עû˵ԵҲ
λǣһ벽˿ԣֿ
ǾԵѣԪ½½ʥߡ
һ⻰˶Щݡ
磬ʥɲס཮Ԫ½սδ˵Ԫ½µʥ߳֡
λѺðԴк
ھԵкԭס벽񶼵ͷʾ⣬Ǽ벽񣬾ȫûˡ
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ػߴˣڣڹһȻ󷨣ɨɨܣĿһƬɫ֮ʵ
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ǰûð취Ƕһûʲô̫оңȻΪõҲкܴ𣬾͵綥ʦҲ޷⿪Ц˵
ҵǶһЩоҿȻ˵Ҳұ֤ṩʲôҲ˷Ѷʱ䡣
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أҶ˵ԼоҲκ֡
ṩȻá̾˵
ǺǣҿûգֻԿţԵҺӦþܴ١ԡ
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ѵԣҲʦһ½ʥߣо󷨣
ԵѣԸæžԡ
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ڳİ벽񣬱鲻һһͬûΪԻһжߵ衣
ڵҲȻҪƿȻ󣬻֪ҪãҲ֪жʧ;ԿҲʲô£˶û˼
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ӦǱԵɱɣˮ˵ȥһЩ˽£ĿӦþǾԵѡڣԵѾˣˮȴû֡˵ˮǲǿѾˣƽ
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ʱѾѶˮ
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ҿ뾰һУ᲻ֽţĿһͳܸоΪʥܿҲǰ벽񡣡


936 
һֱʥΪʾˣȴδ˼ܹ
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ԣػ߶ʵΣҲһò׼
ˮѾˣ˾ãֶܿΣǾԵܳΪʥߣѾ˾÷˼ӵɱˮʵ̫ˡ
ʵϣԼҲʵžԵΪһ˶ԻɱˮԵʵ϶һҲȷ
ûмǿΪͲܽӽȻ󣬽ǴķѹһʥܳܵġԽӴ󷨣
ʱȻ֮С
񹤣
Ȼ󷨣ȷʵΪõкܴת͵ĸоҺãⲻһɱɱǼңҲû취˵ƽˡڣϸӦȻҲп
Ҫƽ󷨣ȷʵǺѡ󷨣ûкģ˵ǺġҪԵ棬вͨʱҡͷ
˼ţƵ󷨡
ʱ仺ʡ
Ե˫üһֱ
ȫ޷֡
󣬸ûб֮԰̾һ
תһ񹦣Լһϵ裬ҲһЩ뷨Щ뷨ֶ֮ûаЧ
ԵѣоΣ
ʱ
ڴ֮ڣĴҲܵ谭ڣԺֶܽڱԵԻܹͨġ
һЩ뷨񶼲ܳɹԻӦ
ҲһЩ뷨˵ţԼļ֪ԡ
˵Ȼһ
뷨Լ뷨ıϡ֮ԾвͨǾûнڡ
һˣⷽȷʵܳɹҲ˵һ㣬˺Ǿȫˡңİջܴټⲿػߵ˵ϣǳɹʾ͸ˡ
뼰ˣҲ˷
һˣȷʵΪڣϣƺѾԿˡһ˽Ĳ趨
ţͬʱ뿪ȻγɵĲɫ⻪ڳǰ
ڳ벽񣬶ЩȵòͷӾԺȥҲ˽ӽһʱʱ䡣
Ժ뿪˵Ŀ⣬㶼ϡ
Եѣλа취ȿʵ
ˣҲžԺ
Ȼûб̫ϣɱϾЩڴ̫ˣҪʱ䲻˵мΣա
뾰Եѣһ뷨ǿԿЦ˵
Ŷ
𣿡
ܿ󣿡˶΢΢һ㶣󷢳
жգҲһ
˵о԰գػߺλ渨ϣ볬һ롣Ҳ˵
һϣ
ԣϲüҡһİգѾ˵ڴˡ
Ե̫ǫˡ˿ԣԾԵɲ裬ҵϣƿȻ󷨾߳ɵİաа˳ϵļʳɹ
ڳİ벽Ȼ
λҪֻ˵˿˵
ʵҲܼ򵥣뾰Եʱػڳĵѣȫ󼴿ɡ
ô򵥣һ벽
ԣ˳ӦյʱһʱͿ󡣡ͷ
ǻʲôʼɣ
ԣ̿ʼ˶ļĴߴ١
Ժһۣ˵˵ͷ
ػߴˣҺȽһڳĵѵõǵźţȫ󡣡Ŀһɨ˵
û⡣ͷ
󣬾Ժٴν뵽֮ڣ˿ʼ
ʮʱ
ڣػߴˣȫ󡣡Ե֮ڴĳ˶ڡ
˶׼Ǽ˲䣬͵Ĺһ⣬źƵܣڴ֮ϡ棬ɫ⻪𶯣һɹ˷͸ȥ
ˣ߶ʥֵ
䣡
¡¡
꣡
嫵ܹ֮£Ժ֮ڣҲȫϴת
Ȼ󷨣ڱ޾ɢһ򱻷䡣
ˣ
ڲ봦ҫĿķ֮ԣ˵Ұ


937 
ҫĿ⻪뵶ģĪĴϢ
һʱ䣬˶
ıķڳɳĮһȪǸ£ǳ޲
֮棬ǾǷ֮棡
֮棬һ죬񡣡
һźĵ˻ס
ԵĿ⣬ͬӹȥе𶯣Ը޷ݡ
ڼ֮֮ǰҲһδ֮ӣˣȻ޷е𾪡
ಣ
˶ݵУһӰǿٳ˳ȥ
üͷһ塣
ȥӰھԲԶʱֳٶޱȣ˷ӦѾ˷֮Ľǰ
ڼˡ
磬ҵ꣬û˷ࡣ۾ŷ֮棬е
ʱ򣬳ˣҲɿӽȥ
ԣͬ߶Ԫֽ
ֻ֮ⷨһӦùͬηǡ
ڳ˼ʮ֮֮࣬棬ֻһҲ˵ľˣ޷ֱӵõ֮档
䣿
ΪҪ䣿һɨˡ
ʲô˼һ벽¶ı˵
ƿһȷʵܴ͡ǣ˶ΪѰҷ֮֮ⷨη䣬ܸһ³̲ǡһ˵õ֮棬ҲӦó㹻ıָˡ
⻰ûѵԶʳ
ڰ벽񣬶΢΢߶Ԫеˣɱġ
ԴʱҲü
оʱƺЩԾ״̬ĺҪ̷֮档ǣôˣгǿڣѵʶԼ޷Զʳ
ͻȻЦ
һ䣬ɭϢ
ģ͹ɡ˰֡
ʲô˼ĪǣҪΪУһ벽ȵ
ôˣԿɻ˵
ǺǣСӡԣһҪлһǣû㣬ҵõһ֮棬Ĳ̫סһȻ󷨣ȷʵǲƽ⡣ڣԤϵܰңҲûʧõе㣬ȻۣǱȴһʦܱȡ
ţҲ޷Ȼˡ
СӣһУҶָơ˵һɳġĳɳٶȣԤϵĻҪ졣Ҳȷʵû뵽ڲʱӵǿʵԱһ񡣡
õУǱȷʵܴң㶼ϧ˼˵š
ڣҸһᣬһҵĻᡣžԣõҵ࣬ʶһҲǲܡ
㵽˵ʲôԵȵ
㾿˭أĶ
ôûõٴɨˣ
ðɣȻҾͳȫǡı飬Ť
䣡һֲĳϢ͵Ĵ˶ڡ
ǡ
ã
뿪һľ
ʮ벽񣬶æ߶ԪҪϢǵķΧǣǺܿͷ֣ǵĶͽ͵ġ
ǵԪͺεһ㣬˵ǷУޱȵĳͬʱǵ꣬ѱʴһ󳹹ǵʹ˶ҧأɫҰסȫۣ˲ͱˮ͸
㡭ĿбֵĿ⡣
³ҵˡЦų
ôܣô͵磿ͨ޷ȷʵ³ݡ
λ磬ҲһλֲĴڣŷɥĴڡ
͵ͨȻǲܳҵıԲѣֻһ˵ҪѰǧ͵磬Ҳܿȥҡҡͷ
һ
ԭѾʱһ˿ϣı壬ǿ϶ûаϣˡ͵ģֻһѣôһ˿ϣ
ע⣡
һ𹥻ɱǶһ֣лϣֵ걻ʴзŭ
ʱ򣬾ԵȻҲ³һЩܿһΪ˵õ͵絮ķ֮棬÷͵硣֮һֱʵΪ˷֮档ңֻһҲΪǿ


938 ·
ʮ벽񣬶״ʱغ
ԣȻϵʹ༫ǿңȻǿбһ˿׷׼ʥ
ʱľԣͬҪǿֲϢʴȻǿԾ缫ߣԷüΪ벽÷Сˣ󵶣ôһǿ׳ĳˡ
ԼǾԣֵϢʴҲǳоԼѾʴ
ɱ³ض糽ԣ˶ҪС
ϼϳˣնɱȥ
Ȥ
һȺСһȻҶҳ֣
Ȼ⡣
Լʮ벽ߣͬʱƿ·Ҫת硣ǣĹȴ¶һֲмϷʵı顣
ɣ۾ͨ죬ܣһҫ⡣
в֮£˿ԷӳǱܡ
ʱĳǽԼǿĹչֳǳҲֲ࣬ľ棬ûеڶѡ
ˣ
ֱһӡ
ܣһƬ
濴ȥǺʵϣȷʵһγɡЩϣɢļµϢ
ѵ򣿡ȻδʹƵķ򣬵ǲ˳
ȷʵ
Ǵ硣
ңҲֻôһҡͷҲ㹻ˡ
˵ʱ򣬳ԵĹѾܵĺɫ
ͣеĹȫܺɫ
Щٵڵһ򣬾ͺɵ·ûܵκεӰ죬嶼ûлζһ¡
еĹںٱɫȫڡ
̫ˡ
ǿĹôܶвķãԪҡͷ
ɣٵһָ
һڹ⣬ѸųϮɱȥ
оıƽĵֵʥܣޡ
ɫ⣬ٶɴģһϻ
һĿע֮£ɫû볽塣

Ťϣ¶ʹı飬ҽ
ҽܿʧţ建ȥ
ԿһĻеĲҲΪҡ
ˣ
㲻ϲţԵȴʵǿ糽Ҳֲһָһָ֮£κεֵûκô
˶ˡ
ǵĹκвһָɱ֮ǿĳܱһǿߡ
ɣ˸ɾɱ֮ûͣ٣һ˵һָ߽
һɫ⣬ֱϮɱʮ벽εߣԭסˡ
Щɫ⣬˷ֵҪ롣
Ľȴһġֵãá
ת˲֮䣬һӰ㶼ĵȥһʢ̼ɢ
̫ˣû˼ܱ飬Ŀת˾ԡ
ûղδԡ
֮Уʱֻ;Իվš
ӣԵ鵱ȻǼΪӵģô뵽Ѱҷ֮棬ᷢ飿
صù
СӡЦЦžԡ
վҲûгٴιΪ߾ȫҲв
͵磬ܵõ֮棬˲æɭ˵ҸղҲ˵ˣҿԸһĻᡣ
ҵæҵõУǱԣҿԸһĻᡣ㳼ңҵʹӣͿɻ۾
ʹӣһһ١
ԣ֮¾ӡΪҵʹӡ
ǺǣĻᣬɲࡣζҵʹӣȴûĻᡣҵʹӣõҵָ㣬ضܽ񡣡ƺһȻ֮ӰžԵ
ԸоԼȻһҪĤݵǿͷ
·ǰˣϵΰڡܹΪʹӣȷʵһҫ顣
ҵ֮ӡҽԶûɡһڵֵȻ
͵磬Ϊ˵õһ֮棿ҧʵ
ҵҪĿģȷʵǷ֮档ȻˣȻҲҪ˳ū͵硣Ȼ


939 ѭ
ū磿
ǳаͬʱҲ
ʵҪū磬˭ҵֿ˭ֿܵ
ʱ綼Ҫ롣
䲻֪ݣ磬ҲһĴ磬ѾõҪķ֮棬βʹ뿪οһ͵УӦҲʲôɣȰ˵
Сһļʶ̫ˡȻõǸϼһĴУǴпҲûй͵ϸϢɱԡ
ȷʵþԵǱ
˵ܳΪҲ޵ķʸ
ôһӣշڣһֱ͸Եꡣ̸֮Уε͸Ӱ쾰Ե꣬Ӱ쾰ԵıģþԷĵֿķߡ
ңҲȷʵЧӾĿУ
֮УΨһġĵ͵磬ȴ緱һ㲻Щ͵УһǱȽġⲿֵ͵磬ܹ֮档˵š
֮治ÿһ綼̧ܵü
Ȼÿһ綼ܵ棬ֺαطôҵķڶ͵磬ѰҲ֮̽ټǰ磬˷֮ϢȻֻǳεϢԸȡ
֮á˫֣Ҳʲôҵķֲһһ͵ȴķһԼѰһ͵硣
˼ܹ֮ĵ͵粻һԺ档
Ȼһ
֮ܵĵ͵磬û覴õġСһΪǸϼһΪλһֻ磬ꡣӵˣſܳΪžԣһתڲҪ֪Щ
ˣʶԶ˶٣ʡ
ߣȻʶɫ
ܸоƺܼɵȻװһӣʼնԸ˵֡˵ʱ򣬾áϼһ档
Իһоˣƺһ·Ϊν
Ҳ̺Ϣ
Ǹϼһһ죬һὫ̤ڽ£Ŀ⡣
ˣӦñǿɣҵõУɱңͲ±˱𣿡Ե
⻰̽
СвңĻˡܹĵ͵Ȼٲ֣޾֮УҲǺܶġǸϼһĵ͵綼Ĵжôᣬںǧ򴫳еһ
У֪ĴڣҲνɱ㣬֪ҺΣ
ˣ˷ʱˡڣҵѡ㵽ԸԸ⳼ңȻûʲôˡ
Ը⳼ͷſԼ꣬ھ¾ӡ
ԲԸ⣬Ǿɱˡڷžߣǲܵġʼգûжͷ
ƾ˴ߵԭ򣬶㹻ɱһٴΡ
ʱľɫƽ֮һֱͷ
վһռϷһͷĨɱ
ȻаģǳΪʹӣԺ·ƽ˳ǣԵıģΪаİ֡
ҾܾԿ³֡
˵֣ûкܷ˵ɡ
ģ
ѭߣҲӣҲΥġ

ãܺãȻѡ·ǾɡƺԾԵľܾеǳŭûɱɱԣͷų޾Ϣ޾ʹУȥɣ
þ̫ɣĥԣĥԵ顣
޷ֵ԰ڣһʳԵꡣ
ȫս

˫Ŀ֮УһƬ죬˻Ҫѡ
ͨûʲôЧ
ͨҲʩչ
̫ˡ
Ҫ𣿡
ȥԵʶѾʼģŬҪѣҪȥ
֮Ĳ̫ˡ
ԿϵЦҲԽԽģΧĻΪһ塣
ڣȫʧȥʶܵһУʧȥ˸֪
Υң³ɣϼһһɫĴУأǾ˵һ仰
ʱǬͻȻͷųһɵԵǻʴ𿪡


940 
ǬͷųǿʢԿʹõҪʴǬ²ɢ⡣
ţһʱ͸о쳣۾Բ
žλã׺ĳһơ
ӡ֣Хѹȥ
ʱ򣬾ԵѾʧԭء
ǬǬСڡ
һžվĵطѰҾԵټ
ɶ񣡡
ϼһЩģһ㹥ܿռ䡣
˺һᣬֹͣƺҲƽ
ʼѰǬ䣬ϸܡ
գһ
֪ǬԼĳȴҲǬ̺Աܿ
羰ԵĲ²⣬ˣȷʵżϵΪͬԴΪˣ޷Ǭλá
Ѱ˼飬ûκη֣Ҳֻܲĵʱص֮ǰʹһЩֶΣ֮Ҫ߷֮档
һʥ벽񣬶ֶη淨֮棬뵱աǿķ͵磬ĿľǷ֮档ԣȻз֮Ȼ罻塣
ʱǬС֮ڡ
Ǭ󣬾Ծͻָһ¡
ôǬСˣԿ˿ϤĻЩ졣
ϸ룬һЩӡ
ǬСͷŵ˽
Ǭ̺Եǲ⡣ˮǰֻʣһƲл꣬ǬСԼصȴһߵġ
þǣǬȻнǬСڡ
޷Ǭ䣿ˡ
Ҫ֪ǬС绯ΪͨʥߵҲܹɾͷֵġҲΪʲôûеһʱͶǬСԭ
ԾþԼؽǬС磬Ҳ޷ӳƿء벻ǣȻ޷Ǭ䡣
ǬԴܱܿ
ԵĿ⣬ˡǬ䲻ܶ·һֻ߱ʴ꣬ΪĻܡ
΢ǬС磬С۲
棬Ҳûκΰ취ʵ̫ࡣ
ȭͷ
ֻģߡ
ڣô죿
쵰˵뿪磬Ҫū磬ûֹ绹֪ʲôӡ
ҵΪֻ̫ͣʥս볽ػ߲࣬ɳȴһжס̤ΣҲ쵰֡ŬԼƽ
Ѫ϶ǲеġ
û㹻ǿʵȥɱǾ
һܻˡҲܲ³ǬйأйءǬƣԴҲǬˡӦþԭ򣬲޷ǬС硣
طҲܾԺܿʶ뿪˵ء
ֻܻܿҪһʥߣҵǬС硣
СڴһЩʱ䣬Ҳû뿪ǲڰá
˼ʱûκ쳣󣬾ԲС硣
Ӱһ֮ǰڵλá
һ֮棬ȡˡҡͷ
ܵõӦþܿٽΡϧѾȡߡ
׸ô죿
磬˭ֵܵǸ쵰㼯ʥߣҲһסü˼
ף
ǡ
˼У΢΢һ
оһڡ
ô£
治Ǳȡ𣿡۾һתĿɨܣŹ֣Ǵʲôطͷųģ
߷ΧڣûκһЩдķ֮⣬ȫûĶղǹȻЩ֮
ѵﻹеڶ棿Ժһ
ͬʱ棬Ҳǲܵġ
ȫעͷųϸĸӦ
Ź˰ʱ
ֳˣǻþһһΣԾȫȷˣԼĸоƫĴڡ
ǣʲôطأܿռѰһȻһ
Ȼͷ档
ɡѵǲڵ£ͫ͵


941 ֮Դ
Ըܵڵر۷Χ֪ڶûκ쳣֡
ôɢĶڵµĿԾͺܴ
ԾͽԼ͸
ʮס
ʮס
һס
ԵѾ͸һףȻûκη֡Ϊʯ谭͸ɢҪöࡣ
棬ûظţڵǿȿһͳС͸ͱȽϳ
ˣȻûκη֡ҡҡͷ
ϴ͸һ
ˣһǧףܲ̽ļޣ̫󡣡΢̾Ϣһνջءϣֺ飬͸̫ˡ
ֻ͸һǧ׶ѡߣǰ벽񣬿Ҳֻ͸ף͸׶ѡ
һǧ׶ûκη֡۾𣬡УԲܴ
еڶ棬ôԼõҳɹʸҲǣΨһԸİ취
Ϊǻ֪£ܽ񡣵ʱѾ׻ٵˡԣֻһϣҲܴ
ͨ
ֻƴһˣһʩչ֮ͨ΢΢˲ʧ
ۣۣͨӳ֮£Կŵص롣
ͨ
ͨʩչÿһʩչԼڵ´һ׾ӡڵƶǺܴģԪ궼ࡣܣ޾ż֮ѹ
Խ룬ѹżԽǿ
ͨҪڵ´У治̫ܣǵͼ񣬿Ҳһ
һǧˣͣ
ȡ쵤ĵԪʩչͨ
룬Ԫĵһ̶ȣֱʹò쵤ָƣˣͽǬСϢһᡣ
~
뵽ǧ׺ͻȻоһ䡣
ǰľҲ֮ת
һյСռ䣿Դܡ
һСĿռ䣬ԼֻĸƽӡһµǳСĿռ֮ڡ
ԵĿ⣬͵Ķǰһ֮ϡ
ǡ
ⲻǷ棡Ծϲ֮У̾жϳСռڴڵĶǷ֮档ǣͷųȴƺȷҪµöࡣ
ǺվԭأСĵ
ֻǣոŽӴֱޣͲ͸ȥ
ĿͷųԪСĵĸǹȥԪŽӴŵı棬ʱֱ仯һƬƬԣԵԪɢʧ
ԪɢʧĹУҲû˹ڲ
һȭͷСĳɫ壬µɫͷų
⡭ôܣ
бԴŴ죬۵ɵùԲǲ˼顣
뷨һϢ֮УҲйбԴݡҲΪˣ֪бԴʲôӵʲô塣
֮棬ࡣ
Ҳ˵ˣڲٵ͵磬֮ܵ棬ʱһ͵磬һε档
бԴȴΨһԡһбԴֻһ
һбԴô磬ͲֵܳڶȫͬбԴ
ҲΪˣбԴΪʮ֮һ
磬κһбԴ֣Ѫս
ƺǡ֮ԴͨϢжϣԼǰбԴӦǻ֮Դ

治ڶöᾧһʥߣϲĿиոҵķᾧ
ʱԭסӪߺӪߣڼѰҷһ˵ʥߣѾҵ˵ڶöᾧ

û˵ҵһëûҵҵڶᾧˡ
Ҳ̫ˣţϵܣǲⷽҪȻôôã
˶Ľʥߵ
ˣʲôûҵַᾧȹ屦ˣȻֻ
ʥߣ˵ĽҲֻɵЦ
ˣ
ʱһֲѹȻ١
ˣϣţ𵴵
ƬѰߣȫתĿȥ
˭
ô£
ѵѾҵ֮ˣ
԰ѹô֮ǿһЩ벽񶼸еļ¡
ٹߣÿ˵Ķʡ
ڶߣһۡȻɻ󣬲ǻǿȥռڵѹ̫ǿˣ벽ļη塣


942 ͨԴ
ԭסߺߣپۼ

ôԼԴأػߴôû
һվ˵ۡ
ӽ쿪ʼˣҪҵġ
ʲôǾͱʲôΥߣ
Υߣ
ҪҲ
򵥵ȴΪԵģΪס
Ժ󣬶ҵūϣһεϢڳˡ
ⷬɫ䡣
ʲô˼һԭס벽üڡ
Ŀһǰ벽񵯳һָһɫϮɱ
ǰ벽ǿߣڶ仰ûü˵㱻ĻᶼûС
һĻ˲ľѹ֮ǰȻܵϢܿ£ûм֣еη廹Ǻǿҡڼһָɱ˰벽˲ųжֲ
ʱ򣬼лʣҲٿѯˡ
ϲ˳÷֮棡ŷȴһЦڵͶأ˵
šŷֵ˵ͷŷ֣Ժ͸𴫴ҵɡвߣֱӻɱʵģңһԳ֡
ĿһĨɭȻɱ¶
ŷӦ
ɡֱ̧ۣͶصŷ̧
˶ŷ֡
ʵϣŷֺ֮ǰͱūۣΪʹӡȻݣŷԼ֮⣬ڴ֮ǰûе֪
ū۵İ벽񣬲ŷһǰȥ鷳İ벽ҲΪūۣԲŴӲԼκϢ
ŷ֣һˡ˵˶Ѿȴһ©֮㣬Сһҽҳ
ǣŷûκεʡ
ŷ֣صĵطŷͷѰ쳣֮
ʱѾ˵ǧ׵ĵطŷָܷ־ԼǬС硣
ػˣ
⡭ôܣ
ʲôˣ
ʵôôǿ벽εǿߣһָס
ղŵ˼˵ԻţӦûûȥѰҷ֮У;Իš
ŷֻȥѰҾԣµˣֵۡ
ҸоϢаƺҪ硣ǡô죿ǲԺȫʧȥɡһ벽˵
ôػߺˣЩ벽һָסһ벽һ
ܻЩ벽񣬴඼ˣͷҪ˵жˡ
ˣûзκ쳣ŷϸĲ̽СĵĶش

Сֵܵù죡ŭͺȵ
ŷֹ壬κζľٶ
ҵҪܲصʲôʱŷ֣ȥԪ½⾰صȫߣɱۣһ䣬Ըŷ֡
ǣŷֿȵ

ǧףСռ֮ڡ
ʱһš
졣

ڳɹˣԳĺһ
ԵԪֻҪӴ֮Դͻڵ뽫֮Դ뵽ǬڣǺѵһ¡
ʱ䣬ǽʱõһ󷨣ǿ֮ԴյǬС֮ڡ
ৣǬС硣
ڵǧ׵ĵطӦǱȽϰȫģ벽ߣҲ̽鵽ǧ׵ĵ¡ԣʱû뿪ط
ǬС磬ٴβһ󷨣ܹʹû֮Դ
󷨲ó󣬾ĬĬתһ񹦣֮Դͨ
֮ԴǲֱģǸ߲εĴܣҲһ޷֮ԴǣȴԽ֮Դ
һתѵ֮Դͨ
䣡µȻ迪
ͬһʱ䣬Ļ֮Իæȥ
£ҪҪѰҶķʱһڣĻ֮Իھ߿ռڣҼΪԾһܼʱȫ򡣶ңͷſͬʱĻ֮
һʱ䣬Ծʮ֮
Ҫ֪ڴ֮ǰĻ֮һҲһǧѡʱ䣬˼ʮ֮࣬ٶȣˡһУǵڻ֮Դ


943 ת
ɹķԶȥ
֮䣬Եķ࣬ÿһǶصģһ
ԴʱģǻԵķ򡣻֮ԴܹԸķҲǻԷԷ򣬾Ҫ޷ӻ֮Դõġ
֮ٸµĻִ֮˷ӿ
ԸоԼԷļϸҲ֮仯
ȡ񾧺Ͳ쵤ԴڸͬʱҲԪӯϸ
һʱ󣬾ķѾﵽǧ֮ࡣ
ŸķԽԽ࣬ٶȣҲɱĽ͡
л֮ԴԷ򣬾ҲտʼԿֲٶ
һʱ䣬ķﵽǧ֮ࡣ磬Ҳɱﵽ벽Ρ
ͣ΢Ϣȹһ¾硣
бԴǿֲ
ѹֱΪʮ֮һһʱ䣬ǧҵķ򡣡
УҲܲѡ
һ棬Ҳ̺һѡ԰תͷ
֮棬Ҳ֮档һ棬һ̺һһһ壬Ƿ档
棬Ҳ͵һһʥߣһһֱӾܽΡ
Ȼĺôֹڴˣ֮󣬶Է׺ӡͿԸؼ෨ҲԸЩ򷢻ӳǿ
һ汻Ҳʧˡ
бԴͬ
бԴһֱڣһֱΪߵṩԴԴϵİͺñȣھԵõ֮ԴģԽбԴȥ޾ķ
ҲΪʲô治бԴȵĹؼڡ
ķڴ͵Ѱҷ棬õ෨档ǣбԴһûҵ
оȹ̵òˣ׼ʼתһȥ಻ԻĻԷ
ͣüĦʱȡ˳
ʱԻߵõеڶ֣õִУ϶õ˵ĲִСѾõĲһ񹦴СԣǼϴ󣬲ŵõĦʱһԸıʱٵ
ڴ֮ǰδʹù
ڣÿˡԱΣȻȥɱķ
ɫСڷھԵǰ
͸Ħʱ
ʹ÷ʽҲ˲ھԺв
ţҪıʱ٣ĦʱҪֹһóļƷʯ
߶Ħʱ
ֻĦʱ棬һη俪ѻļƷʯȫסƷʯ̺ˮһӿĦʱ
ˣ
һƣʱЩƣҲͷɢĦʱܷԲ׷Χ
Ըоı仯ƷΧڣԸ֪Χڣʱȷʵࡣ
Ĺ۲һᡣ
Ħʱ֮ڹʱӦǹ˴ԼһʱҲ˵ʹĦʱ죬Źһ졣Ǿϲ
ЧѾԵԤˡ
һ룬һ꣬ͿԽĦʱꡣ
ӹɣĦʱһ
ٵʱ䣬ԿʼܵĻԷ
һʱ
ţ
ô£
ʱôָˣɻ۾оߵĦʱѾֹͣת
⡭ĿһתЩƷʯ
۾
óļƷʯȻû㣬һѣҲ֮ࡣöƷʯһʱһա
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ⶫȻãĵԴҲ̫ˡԿѾȫΪ۳ļƷʯҲһۡ
̾ϢһٴȡƷʯһֱȡϰƷʯѻͺһСɽΪ˾ΣҲ˲ôˡ

Ħʱת˴Լʱ
ķۼɹĳһ֮ࡣǰǧһǧ򣬾˰֮áķԽ࣬ٶȾԽ

ͣ
ԵϸȻϸҺ̬ԪתһУԪںϡ
ԿԸоϸڵԪת䡣
ȫתһ񹦣һöö񾧣ǵ̷²쵤
Ԫʼת䡣
𽥵תΪʰ쵵
𣿡סй۲ϸԪı仯
߽ΣԪתΪ


944 
ܺ嫡
ϸ֮δ߶Ҳܸо̺Ŀ
Ԫںϣϸϡ
ԪתΪһƽĹ̡
󣬽ͺˮɣһжӦ
תḶ́ȴǱȽ
ȻҲ֪ʱԼãһ겻ȣͺܿǰ
ĦʱַΧڣʱѾ˰ꡣ
һա
ĺһ
ϸ֮ڣԪҲɹת
Ҳ־ţԳɹĽһ
ϸڣֻԴСһҲ겻ѡ
ĺܲס
ڿûʱþϸᾳͻƵĸܡ
粻֪ѾʲôӣԱ뾡ȥķ
˴Լһµʱ䣬ոսľȹʹѾӦ֡
žԽ񣬶ѧͨϼʹãҲгĽ
óȥˣĿһ
Ħʱ£߸µʱ䣬ʱ䣬Ҳ͹һ¡
ĵļƷʯҲֻεҡҡͷ
߸£ǧƷʯģǶھ˵ҲЩۡǧƷʯɲͨʯ
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Լǵ֮ǰӵرǱʱ򣬸տʼʩչһͨһҡ˺棬Χѹǿһֻʮ׵ӡ
ڣʩչһͨɾס
ɴ˿ɼԵʵ˶ô޴ı仯Եͨûʲô仯ֻǾΣԪתΪֵͨز
ͨʩչԾѾ˽ӽرһǧ׶һĵط
ͨٴʩչһΣԵֱӾһǧףǰȻһ䣬˵ر֮ϡ
Ŀ⻷һȦܣ΢˶Աȥ
֮Ѿʧˡ
֮ʩչֻһʱ䣬Ծͳ˾޴Ӷ˻֮ء
ˣ
ͬʱԵĴѶˮһѶϢ
ԣû°ɣ

ԣţһҪǧҪ¶氡
ǽھԺ
ĸףĿһһĨ
ҿ϶ǳˣ֪ԼĹϵҲ֪ԼĸףһЩʲô
๫Ԫ½ˣٳˡ
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۾죬еŭѾ޷Ƶĳ̶ȡ
˳Ǻ͸߷ԴѶкܶ˶ͨѶʯһϢ
ȻʱŹһ£綼ˡ
Ƭ཮½һƬҡЩϢԷ絽ɱ
һӵһǷ
磬һЩ߲ԸⱻūۣĿֻǣ̫СˣԲõ߻³
΢תһ£ȥɳȥҿĸһҪ¡
֮ԾȥɳҲΪ֮ؾɳȽϽ
Ϊ񣬾Եٶȣ쵽˲ơӰһ˸Ѿ֮⡣һ˸ʱ䣬һ
һȥԾʹӻ֮ؽɳ
ʱǳҡ
լԺѾòӣȥһƬ档
һŵڶԱӴĹ㳡֮ϡ
լԺ֮Уʬ壬һЩŮʬ壬·ûС
ǵʬ壬֮ɹϣǸɺԵѪ
սѾܾãǿеѪζȻء
ڳլԺӴĹ㳡ϣ˱ڶҳԱһȺˡ
ȺˣʹԾӡ

ֵɱϷʱˣ
ҪɱһЩأȺʹ֮Уһʥߣһھƺ۾
ʹ찡
Ҫǲʹ죬ɱɱɱ˭˳۵ɱգЩΡ
ϣô˵ˣĿһھԶһ
ڣѺǳ峤ϡ
Ҳ𣿲и԰ǳ𣿡
أôоأСȥˣô¶ˣʥ߿Ц˵


945 ɱ
Ϸ˿ң޵ʥߡ
ʱĳϣĿѣ
˵
Ǿԣںδʥʳϡ
Ǻǡ˵ǰɣˣһٸʥֶߵ˷Ը
ʵҲ֪ϲ̫֪Ե䡣ûϵϷ˼ϲ
ߣкüʥͼʮʾߡ
ǣ
ܿˣһҳԱץ˹Ů
ɱϷôˣÿɱٸȫɱҲúüءʥߵЦš
ǩɣܻܲ죬ͿԼˡɣԼҪ鵽ǩʥߣһҳԱ˵
һٸǩ
һһǻҲ˵һֳǩʮ˻鵽ǩӶɱʮʱ
飬Ҳ飡һӵܸк
ߣʥĻǽкŲĳӵܣͱɱ
㲻к³ģһк³ģúܲң˻ߣĴ
ƴ
ǣһΪѾһͨˡϸڵԪ˿ܴ߶
ĻΣƶѿѪҺϵ䵽ϡ
ϣ㻹ӲһĪǻϣǸܾ棡ʥЦ㳡

Եִǣͷţ̼С
һӴĳУھԵ֮¡УϸͿʲôŵˡ
ԿլԺڵ龰۾˲ˡ
ͨ
ͨʩչգۼ͵˳լԺϿաһ̣ڳҹ㳡֮ϡ
ѾΪĳңŭ졣
Եˡ
ţ
ˣҲ̾Ͳɫ΢΢һ䣬ѰңһӰ˹
ʲôˣͺһ
ಣ
ߵļʥ߻ڶʾߣٴ߶ԪžΧ£ȥ
ǡ֮£޾ɱ
ͷתЩžΧɱȥʥ͵ʾߣȫϢĵȥɢ
ʱȷʵɱڣǻڵɱ⣬·Ҫʵһ㡣УԺڣӵܵʬ塣
ԼһȺ˲ϢȫҲһӻˡûУ߹˳֣Щʥ͵ʾߣϢȫȥô£
ʲôˣҲ£ôĵӣͺһ
Ȼʶԣʱ֪ͻȻֵɫۿߣһֱҵľԡ
㣿
ôˣ
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ղעһֱڶϣԾĵһʱ䣬϶ûз֡
Կϣ˵ͷ
峤ܿˡԳƵ˵
ʱ㻹˵Щ뿪ֲǳˣҳҵ޹ءϽ˵
ԣ
Ѿ군ˣʱУֻϣԼܻȥ
ֻҪԶҵҲһ׵顣
ûԵ֣ǲ־Եݡ
˭㲻𣿡Կ
Ǿԣ仰֪ʶǰˣڰѰľԡ
·㲻ߣ㴳Ц񣬡ҵ治ҵ㣬Ǵ͡
뵽Լҵԣõ޴ʹͣҲһӻ
ͣ
ܹ͡ԶŶ
㣬ںδԿںʵ
ûеһʱɱУõһЩԼҪϢ
ھԻ֪䡣
磬֮Уҵɱµ򣬿ɵöࡣ
۾𣬡ðڣ֪֪ͨܸܿϹˡ
˵ţóԼĴѶʯ뽫ԵѶϢȥ
ȻˣûʸֱӴѶģҪȽѶϢŷĴˡ
Ҳ֪ԼǾԶ֣ûֱӳ֣ѡʱ䡣
ৣոȡѶʯһɿµͽȫס
ֻһա壬㲻ܿƵķ


946 
һ¡
⡭
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оܣһ޷ƥеȫסĴ߶Ԫ߾ȫѿɿµ£ܿͷɵ˾Եǰ
֣еĴѶʯ˹
ڣԻ֪ԼˣܻܿһЩĲܿƵ鷢˵ԲȷһЩԼںҪЮвԼ
߶ĴѶʯûнٵ
öѶʯȻжӡֻҪӡҲǿʹõġ
ɶ񣡡
ſңСӣʹӣҶңԲŹ㡣ܸоԵɱ⡣
˵Լʹӡ
ʵϣûʸҪΪʹӣҲǰ벽ĲΡ
Ҵӱ˵ŷֵȰ벽ߣҲʹӡֻ࣬ʹӡ
ڷ֮أ˵ҪվΪʹӣǲϵʹӡ
ŷ֮ѹͿǡǵµӡҲֻǷӡˡ
ңʲôطԶŶ۾
Ļش⣬һСԱö
ѵȥʵڴʱǷǳġ
õֶζˣȴ޷ѳԵ
ҲףԵʵ̫ࡣҪɱҲһͷ顣

ϲɱ¾ϲɱˡԼȴϧԼС
ڵļɫֻװģ֮µҪ
ҪϻԱ鵭Į
Ҳ֪ģһ˱ض֪ˣŷ֣ĴˡԣҿԸŷôӦҲɱҡ뾰̸
սҵİҡҡͷҪ֡
ȵȣŷѾȥԪ½˵Ļģɱң
С
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ʥĶΪˣϸѣһΪڳʧȥ
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޴㳡ϣļΣѹΡڵˣûܵκѹȡ
ʱڣбĳӵܣָɡ
Ϻͼҳϣߡ
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ңҲġҡҡͷ˿ʵ峤ĸأ
Եϸ̽լԺڣûĸ׳ǵӰ
ĸױŷִˣڰ֮ǰɫȻûãûܱĸס
⻰Ե΢һЩ
ĸױߣĽĵģĸѾѡ
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϶ǣԵĻᱻ𡣾ķԳ֣Ҳֻѹ϶ܣܴݻ١
ǵģǼҲˣ˵̫ǿˣһ벽֡ϵͷ
ԣ֮ǰϵͦõģôʱ䣬һֱ˼⡣
ݺܸӣһʱҲͲ˵ڱ뾡ϵԪ½ȥ
Ŀӳɨ
ǲܼ̫ΣˡϣһС磬ǿԽС磬ҴһߡȽٻؽɡ
ԣǳǿŷ˵ػ߻벽񶼱ɱˣа𣿡ϻǵġ
Ҳûо԰գӦÿһԡҡҡͷȲ˵ˣǲҪֿҽС硣
䣬Ծٴλӳ
ǽϵ˵ϸ򿪣ǻָΪԻʥΪҪ⿪ϵ˵Ľ鷳ڣҲֵ顣
һ£ϸ⿪˾ԣԣɱҳӵܡ
ĿŶ
峤ôɣҲɱҲɱ֪Ҫ˵ʲô
ţ
˵һúҡߵߡ
ϣʲôʹ߹۾ɴ󣬾ֵĲҽе
Ҫ֣˺ţֱӽ˳
Զʹ޵˼㡣


947 
ѪҺԶǻӿ
з۾ųϡȻϸԷϵϾʥǿߣܱͨȡ౻ڳȻԴһʱ䡣
ϧԷһȴһĳԴϡá
ɳҪߡ
׼ѣԪѹ֮£֮ɻ
Ա㽫һŵˣȫ뵽ǬС֮ڡ
ಣӰʧڷϿա
ٶޣԪ½ȥ
һ·ϣɱûв֡
ǾԶЩɱ޶ԣû취Ƕ¶棬ⲻϢͻᴫȥǰ֪
ڵľԣҪӦ֮ǰȳԼЩˡ
ԨԪ½ңԶ
֮󣬾Եķٶȿ졣ʱ䣬Ѿ˶ٳϿա
ʱԵ飬ء
ȻڽԪ½֮ǰԾԤϣԪ½ضҲö١ǽԪ½򣬿һսһɱǲƽ
ҾҲоóѾһδңøӲȹˡɷչȥֻ綼߽ʱ򣬿ռѣֻµʾ֮µ߻
ķ뾡ǡ
ٳǾլԺ
ҵǱȳԺ࣬鿴ӵǺܶ࣬Ҳؾ˵߲Ƕһɱ
ȻԾ˾ͷŹЩˡ
ؾ˵ģֻһͨʥһЩʾߡ
ھԽ䵽լԺЩ߹ѾϢȥ
լԺĹ㳡ϣھˣ˾ԡ
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ԡ
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ˣ磬ȫˡʥˣȥ޷㡣׷ʲôô¡Ӣ˵ĸֻ̫ˡ
ǣͲʲô顣·һҹ֮䣬ͷ˷츲صı仯սȥ
ԣ峤սˣڶٳǱƵһ졣Ӣ߷ˣһŷֵˡԣ˺㣬ƺѰ䡭
ӢԪ½뾰Լ򵥵Ľһ顣
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أʵ
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ֱһ֮ǰ½ңѩû
Ҳ˵Ҳ֪ڰѩôˣûʲôΣա
ƿУԵ֪Ԫ½ʥҲսˡ
籾лĻᣬֻҪŷ֡ûӣսʥǡʥҲƣʥʥôܵסŷİ벽
Ƶ˶ͽǬС󣬾ԽǶĴѶʯȡ˳
ŷӦûԪ½ֻǲ֪ںδ
Ǻ͸߷ﶼŷִߣھ˵Ҫǽ˴ŷоȳ
ԸŷִһѶϢ
ʥǣʥأ
⵱ʥĸоǲʥڣŷЦ
ʱʥĶλŷֵǰ
ŷɱ󣬾Էʥռʥ
ʥԭʮλȥ֮⣬оλλ֮УѾˣʣµˣŷ֮£òίȫס


948 ȷλ
ŷǰڵȫûлᡣ
ǽǵʾΪŷȴǰ벽˫Ĳν޴
˵ֵܹһᣬʮ֮һĻᣬǿܶƴڣֻԵȴᡣ
Ҳ֪ãԪ½ӽݣ˵Ƭ½ҲǲΣԨҲһݱ磬˭վֵǿµأ
ߵ³ֻһǾ
ʥڣֻŷſЦڻš
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ŷ֪Ի͵Ǿһֵ죬ʥ֮󣬱׷ɱԻ͵ˡ
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ʱŷ΢΢һһöѶʯȡ˳
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ѯŷʲôطģȻǾԡԣͨĴѶʯŷִѶϢĴѶʯڣŷֵӡ
յŷֵѶϢԱ۾ϸӦ
ȻʥǡͨһѶϢȷŷڡ
ѶʯѶϢ֮ͨԾڵȷŷֵλãǿġڴѶŷ֮ǰԾͲ²ʥǣ֮ԴѶϢĿľΪȷһ¡
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ˣǶȥɣŷֵƬ̣ѶʯûµѶϢֶȵ
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ɻȵվ˳ȥʥɽ
Ǹô죿ߵӢɻȵ
ŷֻʱ䡣
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Ҳ֪ԵⳡѣǴԨʼϯġԵֻҲ׶༪ˡ̾Ϣһ˵
ԵţҲһŷ֣ҲǾԵܹġԵȻ̤ʥŷȴǰ벽εǿߡʵǿ޷ΪҪȿµ顣
˵ЩûˣǻҪһ룬ôӦ԰ɣ
ôӦԣһһɣǲȥ׷Ի͵ˡɻһ˵Ҳ׷Ի͵ˡ
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λҪȻһҲӰɣĿһת뿪ʥǣҸطŷҵҲסʥҲûʲô˼ˣ뿪
ĻλĿⶼ
飬ȷʵܲԪ½Ѿӣǵʥûκε壿
ϸһ£Ҫ뿪ʥǣϢŷǰ֪ǵĶ϶ɱǡɻѹ


949 ɱŷ
ɻ˶ʥ޷ʹǵĽ̸ױʥǿ̽
ԣûٶ˵Ҹ֮ϸı
֮ʱ
ৣ
ֻоǰһžͼһӰͻأ֡
˶һһ亹ϢǽǰģǱضʥߡ
ԵĻжһȻ֣ոͻȻֵˣȻѾʮδľԡ
ӵ뿪Ԫ½Ԩȷʵ˼ʮʱ䡣
λԳ˵˵ͷ
Դˣ㡭š
˺˼ʱ뾰ԻгͻԱֳʵֱӵͷ˾Բæ
ǰԵ˵λ䣬ƺҪ㲻ʥѾݣʥ˺ͳܹܶսԻ͵Ҳ֧飬Ҳӳʥˡ
ôʥǣʥһŷֵǿߣ㱻־ˡӢ˵
ȲҪʣ˵԰˰֡
Ҫŷ֡⼸ĻҲο˲١
Ҳ̽˵˼⼸Ѿŷ֣ǾԾ㲻ɱǣҲȻ䡣ڼǵ̬ȣӦֻǱ泼ŷ֡
ŷߣǲŮˣʼˡ
ʥѾŷƿأԾûֱ̽ʥʥһֱŷ벽ƿأҲԼ̽飬ᱻŷַ֡
֮ǰյϢǺ͸߷ӦǱŷִߣԾȷһ㡣
ŷֵȻɾҪģǾȳԼĸ׺ӡ
ȷʵŮ˱ŷֹʥڵо¼ϵѣҲڵ֮Сɻ˵ͷ˵
ǲʶǣҲ֪ǾԵĸסڸ߷ͬİŷֽ֮ǰҲû߷
Ѻڵһ
ԣڵŷܿأκ˶ܿԵλǣӢʵ
Ժ˵λңȥȥĿɨʥɽ֮ϡ
쵶ն飬ŷзӦʱ䡣
ԴˣҪʲôһ
ڵͬʱԵӰѾʧ֮ڡ
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⡭̫ΣˣԵ֪ŷжôֲԵȻʥߣŷǰ벽񡣡
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Ҳˣڵ֮еĸ׳ǵˡ
ͨ߶Եڵ֮У˳ǵ˵ǰ
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ΪԸԣֺαǣ
סĸף

Գǰʹĵ
ԣ
๫˶۾
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ŷֳ嵽ڵʱ򣬾ͿԺ;¼վһ
Ŀһתŷ֡
ԣŷһ䣬Ŀת
֪ԼǾԶ֣ڷĵطۿԻɱ޻ЫԵʵǿöࡣ
ⰡȻŷת˼ŶԲߡ
ףɱֻ·һ͵İ취
ŷ֡Ե˵ڻ֮أҾ͸ɱ㡣ʱɱ㣬ˡ
αôŭ㿴ˣšŷֿ˿¼ˡ
˹ѺвԵġֻڵΣ΢ŷĲһȷʵˣвԵ뷨ȴ޷ʵˡ
ǵ͹˾Ե
ŷ֣Ϊԭסеİ벽ȴԸΪɱ
ȵȡ
ԣˣʵӦɱң𣿡ŷæкоԶԼɱ⡣


950 Ŀ
ŷ뾰˵ͬʱѾиѶϢ
ڣµӡҪʹôѶʯ
Ҳ˵ŷֲǰֻҪҪŷҲһͷ顣ͨӡʱ԰ŷֵ
Ϊˣŷ־Բᱳ
ŷ֣ɣҲĿ
ԣҪԼѵͲΪļ˿ǣ֪ʵҪɱңҿ϶ӲǣɱңҶ˵ԻдôʹӣҺӣȫ̸ŷЩˡ
ȻѾѶϢԶ޼ҪϹҪһʱ䡣
뾡ʱ䣬޼Ϲͱסˡ
ʱʲôط۾ʡ
Ԫ½֮޼ϡŷæ˵ҿû㣬̸еıǮɱңκ⡣
ŷַ·𿴵ϣ۾Źթ
ŷ֣̫߹Լˡ
Ȳ˵ں벽񡣶ҶԣҲҪ̸СЦЦ
ৣ
ɫһ
ڵ֮УһĽâ¶
ŷֱΪѾԼ˵ˣȴ벻ԾȻͻȻ֡
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Դž¼ˣ߳ڵ
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֮Ҫݻ͵磬Ϊľռ֮ļƻҲӽڳɹԸܵȫѾԽԽ


951 ޼
飬ң֮Ҳ
ȴڴģʱ䡣Ϊһ磬֮ҲǼġȻڵõ֮󣬷ͻ뿪͵硣
ˣ
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ӿȣ֮ǰκ˲Ϣܵڶ벽ʥ
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϶ȿܱŷѹսƶռڡΪǵܣӱ˵ûģ˵ûꡣԣǼ㷴ŷҲܽǿ뵽ƶռ䡢Сڡ
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952 
һ˦βںϼ˵ĺˡ
ܷԲǧڣûеڶͷ޴ڡ
ԴϿշжҲܿͷ˾ԣ˶ͷ­һ˫ɺ۾ӡһǵɢҪԾչ
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꣬Ȼսȥ
ֻӴĺȫһһ˫ɺšţʵʵĽԴˮУһƯںϡ
װ
ƲƲǣҲЦҡҡͷֱ뿪նɱߣȻҲܵõԴ˵޾Ѫͼֵͣں֮Уɱ̫ףԾԲ뽫ʱ˷
߶֮ת˲ʧ֮ϡ
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ˣѾɡһ벽ߣ
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󷨲ȵ֮ʱ򣬾ռ
𣿡
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󷨵תû⡣
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ʱ䣬Եľ磬ѵннҲʲô֮ǰֻʥ̤벽ΣҲԼ⡣
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ԣ㻹
ΪǸǬҾû취𣿡Ŀ˸Ĺâ
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953 ֮ս
վ󷽵ڶߣҲ΢΢ҡͷ
Ƕʵ̫ˡ磬û֡޼ȷʵѰ·
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󷨵ЩߣʵδؾܸԭǲòôΥֻ·һΪܻȥֻ¡
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ڷ֮أһ棬ΪǸطֻһ档ȴû뵽Ȼеڶ棬þԵõ
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Ժɱܲͽȥġ˵ˣǿһЩǶ˽ʱɢĳ˲Ϣ佫Щ
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ǲɫ⣬ǺɫɢѹڼԶסֵĿԶˣеӰĿǺȻ;η֮ɫ
СӣȻǰôʱ䡣
Ҳ͵Ϊֹˡգ㽫ڴˣܵĺɫøŨ֮ģһٴ
ҵס۾ˡ
߶˼ޣ궼ҵĲšˣɫ⣬Ҳ͸˲ɫ֮ڡŨĲɫ֮УԿ˿˿ƵĺѾ͸ȥ


954 ͨɱ
ɫӴԴƣʱɫ͸᧿Σ
ȻԼ𣬵ոڵֽеĺɫиĺɫΧ͸Կɫ𽥱Ϊ֣˿һƵĺɫɫи
ϵܣҲʼļ
ŲɫⱻʴЩɫʣ˳ŷ֮ԵĲϼӣͬƹ֮ѭŷ򴫵ķͲܱܿ
һҧ
һѾõ޵꣬ٽһƺļҵʹ֮
Ը͹˲ôࡣ
һս̫գɲĿܾԼڵԼʵķͨѡҡҡ׹磬ѾȲ˶ˣһ綼⣬ǽ
Ѿû·ֻܱˮһս
ʹ
ɲ֮䣬ɫĹâĻ֮ҫǴǱϡʱ򣬲ϼҲٱʧһأɫŨˣ˾Ϣ
ɫеһ
Ц·͸˵Ĺ
Ȥ̫Ȥˡ
ĵ͵磬ȻҲɱ˾ˡãǳãҵҪ㻹ֶܼá˫ֻӶ޴ĺɫѾסԵ塣һɫͻ
ܵѹǰ޴
촽ҧѪҺ
ʵϣĲ࣬Ǻܴʵ뾰Լǰ²Ҳ࣬ԼҲǿΣܱҪ΢һЩ
ǣıΪ̫ˣķսԼã쳣ֲԽʱ̣ܶʱ佫ȹ̣Ϥô൱û⡣
Ǿûôʱ׼
ܿռڵѹԽԽǿңԽʥ嶼߶ʹáķ޷ֵ
ɣ
̫ˣϢˡɣ°ɡⲢѣܼ򵥣ֻҪ۾ʲôȥ룬ܿͻȥġ
ԼݵϢ
ĻԵʶģ
ı۾
Ҳ
һڣұš۾ľԣȻûз
ͨҵĽͨһת֮£ԵĽͨһһԺʡ
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ͨƺһµı仯ֱ仯̥ǣƼɵ
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ĸ֪ǿ
ԵĽͨΣڼʮ֮ǰ̤ʥԨʱͨǳΡϼ򷽼峤׷ɱԲĽͨ
⼸ʮʱȻԽͨһֱоɽͨһֱûɱ䡣
ǾԽ񾳽磬ͨȻǴڵһΡǿΪԵľˣͨϲ̫ı仯
һƴһսͷԵǱҲǱȫ漤һ̥̽ͨǵɱˣӵһγɹƵڶΡ
ͨǹɱͨڣҲǷǳǿͨÿһͨǷΪεģһΣһء
ɫѾԡ
Եĵֿ
һĻ龰¶Ц֪ԼԼɱ۾㿴žԼǰ䡣
ǣȴͻȻ۾һŭ
вϼ͵һӣɫâ̫һ㱬â
ɫâӲĽɫѹ˳ȥǼѹȥɫâڼʱڣǽܺƵĺɫء
ô£죬˼žԡ
Ѿ;ƿݵĳ̶ȣôͻȻ֮䣬ֱ˿µ
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𣡡ٴεͺһ
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Բᡣ
ڵڶνͨ£ʥ⽣âѾϮɱȥһ⣬ɫĻ˺ѿڡ
ⲻܣ
ͨĽͨôﵽڶΣεģֻһҲܿԵĽͨѾɱˡ


955 ɱ
һͨȷʵЩס
Ĵ֮мҲǼ࣬ͨģȴëǡţҲڶ£Ŀ꣬ԾţЩҲߺķԴ
ʱ򣬾Ȼ̫ྪʱ䡣Ĺ糱ˮӿ
㽣ͨ󣬾ԵĹ࣬ȫסĹڽڰˡ

ɶⲻܣôһŭ޼ĺϴԶ
ԣס֣棬ֳЩŨ㣬˸ڵĹâɫ棬Զɲɫ⻹Ǳ
þס֡
㻹ʲôҪ˵ģʵ
ԣ֪˭žԡ
ҹ˭ֻ֪Ҫɱ㡣Цһ
ԣȰòҪôĻٵҿԿ϶һڡΪ֪羿ʲôݡҷǲܷŹġضǰ磬ҵ˼𣿡žв˵
͵ȻֻǷ
ҲǺҪġȻжÿһΪÿһ̺ĲꡣǱҲһܴ
Ƶġ
һҲҪķѼۡ
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ͬĵǿǿߣȻūʹӣҲһϸơÿһʹڣҪӡȥƣ͵ֱū۵ʹӣ̫ࡣ
Ծ˵ΪʹӶûᣬ⻰ʵġѡʹӣȷʵҪء
Ŀ·˼ⷬ
ԣ㲻ϸǡҵ֮ĳԹʹˣ㽫磬һ߾ȫҵ㲢ɱ㡣ηŹҵķǾ͵ҽԵ㵽һ԰㡣Ȱ˵
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ΪһĻͻȻЦ
Բšа񣬾ѾʶˡȷŹķԺ磬ҲԲŹˣκѹ
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ৣɫٴնɱ
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ҵҪܵҼս⼤Ӷвϼ
ԷãȷʵܸҪɱҲһնɱܸоÿһΧķ֮ͻһЩȥɱ
ಣһתӴܶȥ
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֮޷׷ˣԻͨ
ͨʩչ󣬾ľ룬͵ֺɨ
ۣ
䣡
ŽĴ࣬Χķ֮ԽԽ΢
ڻʮκȫɢһնĲɫ⣬ݺݵ֮ϡ
͵һ
ɫ⣬ӿڣƻϸٵꡣ̵ʱڣͱȫ
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ָһУԽ
ɱķҲͷ󻼣ķţѡˣôͿȶ磬תȥ˼ǧ꼸꣬ȫָ


956 
޼Ͽգڵķ򲨶ƽϢ
ңԶЩʥͰ벽ߣö޷ƽϢ
ǡһʱ޷Լľǿʲôǿ˹ȻˣԸնɱˣ
ȻսѾЩ˵ԺУȻطžʩչһɫ⡣ÿһ⣬ܣη
ͬʱȺ֮УһҲϢĴӿ׹䡣ȫޣȻҲˣķͬʱ
Ǳū۵İ벽꣬ѾںӡҲͬʱ
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Դˣ˾ѹæ
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ЩߣһǵΪȻΪС
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ǣԴˣ
Ƿֳɼֱ֣ǰ½Դ˷ģò˶ãһоͻָġ
ˣû֮ǣȻỹǰĵףҲϣ类ݻ١ȻǵΪҲܻ˾Ϳٶȥǣ򲻵ѣ˭ԶԼٵǿĶ֮أ
ţȥɣԪ½ǾͲȥˡ԰ڰ֣УǵĴѶʯóӡһ޷谭͸ҴѶ
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ԹɱϢܿʥǴԪ½
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Ԫ½ʥǴ˴Լʱ䣬ԴųˣٴνԨ


957 ¹
ʥ
վʥǰ
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ͨʥϷĿӡ
ʥһƯڿеĽ󷨵ա͵ͨʥϿա
ͨȽϴ޷̫ǿʵ̫ǿͨͨԾãͨҲܳһͨ
Ӧûиǿ߽
¼Ԫһ
һգʥ֣߸½ԭסߣԼԨߣﵽʥھԵټ֮£ִʥ
ӴĴ֮ڣڶʥ벽Сû̫໥Ǽ͵

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ѾȶѩţҲӦ֪ЩϢôѩΪһֱԼأѵѩǱʲôطܳ
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һʱ䣬ֱΪԼˡʮˣʮʱ䶼ûаѩϢ죬ʥȻһ벻ϢϢþԵѪҺһӷ
ԴˣǸˣұϹȷʵӦǰѩѡѩѵʱ䣬ҲȽϾԶˣǸѾˣԴҪҪԼһ๪˵š


958 
д½ʥˣһŮߣֽкޣΪǵʾ
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ǵʾΪ磬ҲһʵȽǿˡھǰȷʵȻ
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޵ѺáԵ˵ͷӦ
ԵĻЩִٲҲӿѪɫ
޵ţʥ˵ѩЦһҲͷų갲ú޼ƽ
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ǸͻȻֵУܹŹ֡ԼҲ޷ȷǾǺ
ڿд½޼ϡ
ʱ޼ɱһЩе޻ȡԴżȻ˰ѩѡ޵ͷ˵š
޼ɱޣҲ߶顣޼ڣࡣȻɱеޱɱ½ϵѶȴһЩȽϸߵߣҲвٸԸȥ޼ɱޡ
ڿ½ĺϣʾһ˵Ҳû̫Σա
ʱѩڷУҲʶѩѣҲûǰȥкΪѩɱ޵ֶκҾ࿴һᡣȴû뵽ƬϣͻȻһµĺɫС
ǷǳֲУɢǳ嫡һֱӰˮ¼ϰߣڷӦ󣬾ȡӰˮ¼ľ¼޻䵱ʱԼľ˵ΪҴδУȻѾ˶ʮ꣬Ȼ¡
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959 Сһ
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֮ǰҲ˵Դ˿ܻ˽һЩԴԵ͹һָֽ˳Ҳͽˡʱ֮ľٶǾ̫ˣԴǺεҪ
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ϲϲƽһ̥߳ϲɫԵϲ
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Զľ¼ϣˬʵЦСӣİ
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ԣϽȥηѣæ뷿䡣
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๫쿴ɰСһ߷΢ЦͮͮСһУĸ
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СӣͽоơԸ֡
ΣԿŸ߷Цʡ
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ȹ֮󣬸߷չأʼ֮档ֻҪһ߷ܴ½ʥֱ̤ΡǸʱ򣬸߷ҲϣھԵǿߡ
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СӣԺһ
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ѩȽϺãŬƽʱʱҲ뿪լԺСӣȴԽԽ竡Ǹ߷չص꣬û˹ܾˡٳǵˣΪƵݹϵ϶ҼԴɫﲻ˶ۣþƽܱȵĸ׾ԡ
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óѶʯƴһϢյʱڱ֡
յʱ䣬ƾʹҴҴ˽ڸףƻǱȽϾµģΥ游׵


961 
ף㼱Žһʲô
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Ƶ̬ȣþŭһӴ˳
ԽԽˣٲϼӹ̣ܽԺ»⡣Ѿʮ꣬Сˡ
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ȰˣѾڣ͸뿪ٳǡѾ
ԵĻҲûм˵
ƶٳǰɡ߷վ˵
ҪκԴԿ˿߷

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壬ԾðѾ׷ɱ˲ʱ䣬֮ǰʱðŶԷսδԷ̫ǿߡһΣԷ峤ͼ峤ϣѭټ׷
죬ҵҪǻôܣǴ峤ðŵˣһɨð˵
ԷȻֻмʮˣðܵѹȴǰ޴󡣶Է⼸ʮˣʵ̫ǿˣڵðŲܵס


962 Сүɱ
ǵļ壬ڷҰһԪ½ڣᵽҰңҲ쵱ġ
ʮˣΪ׵峤һӽʾǿߡһɼ峤Уʦ
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ðţ̫ˡڣǸͲκγУ˼ĵطҲҵ׷Сѡʱ̽ҵðţ˫֣ðϵƣÿζ˳ѣ𼸸ˡ
ϼһôϻҪɱͶ֣ߴߴķһƢðųԱŲӴ
ģһܲ
ҿţһٶʮˡǺǣһٶʮˣͨͨ
ǸɱҶ֣վɣ峤ȫɭȻɱ
ԷĻҪվȥ
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ʱվȥԼɱ峤ĶӣǾƾûκλѵġʱ򣬼ʹ춼ѣ峤ļƣץסƣ»ݺݵĥһþȥ
ҳ𣿡峤һһɨˡ
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˵ôϻ峤Ͳֻ֪ͣԼ۰ĶˣҪΪӱ𣬡ˣڣǸɱҶֽҿԸһʹȫ˶ʬ޴档
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峤ĶҪɱ˾ƣҪץȥ
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ڼ̵ʱڣ峤оЩͷ
˵㵽ʲôˡϵλõģ峤ȻһЩɵȴҲ׾ͷԾ֡


963 ߷ﵽ
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峤ԽԽǿɾϵʹ⻪ͬԽԽŨ峤ÿһιʹ⻪ȫײ𶯣ܴԿ˵ƺˡ
Ҳǣϵʥ赲ʥһʱ乥ģһʾṳ̂峤ҪƿƵķĺѡ
峤ЩҲסˡ
Գ֣ȻòһСС½ߣȻԼԱЩҲס
峤СмǿҲһֹͬһҳ϶峤˵
ԣСӣŪԼ
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Ƕ˳֣ܾƿķʧȥķһ龳Сӣ󣡡
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ðŵųڶðųԱʱе𶯿֪ϵıʲôƼðţҲʱ䣬ǻ֪ϣȻرܵסôʦֹļֱֵ
˸ɻǣرεõģ
Īǣʲô˲õı뾰ƽӴüʱ䣬ȴδԼݵκϢһֱΪһҲͨɢޡο⼸ʹõԴǲû𣬶ͨððջȡԴ
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ųɡðŵһٶˣѪԵġ֪Լһ˶֣ûη壬û¾ܡ
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Сϵıﵽʲôεģѵʥ峤ˣԽԽľ
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һӦúľʧȥЧŶԡ
ȷʵʥһϵ
һͲˡ峤ŭȵ󻰷һתСд󱳾Ҳץס˵ߣɱҶӣٴҲۡ
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964 ӻ
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̫ǿˣǿǵ궼ս·ϿյǸֻҪһ񣬾ܴǵһ㡣
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ۣ
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峤֮ǰ˵Ļ߷Ȼˡ峤뾰ƱۣȻۡ
һɺ⣬峤ŵֱϴܡ⺮⣬˼㶳ס
ĸףƵͷĽһ
֪ĸ׻
ϵʥĸ׾ܵһʱ֪֪ԼΣգȻԼ
߷￴˿ƣûˣġ
ĸ׶ԶӵİûκɡԼӱ˹߷ﵱȻҲŭ߷ûֱӾͳֹնɱˣҪŪô¡۰ƣҲΥԼĶɱ޹˼ǰ۰ƣҲܲ
˵ɣ
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㡭Ǹ߷ˣ峤۾ȻԲ˲ֱӵĸ߷
߷Ȼڹǰ¶棬ǾԵӣ½һݵλߣû߷ﱾˣҲԼ߷Ļ
峤ϳ߷Ҳʲôϡ顣
ûǸ߷߷ͷ
ǾƣǾԴ˵ĶӾƣ峤ȫˡ
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½ʥãΪʡ
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𣿡һ㶡
еϲãһӱˡ߷ˣǵٳֱͣĺ°ǣȻԸ⡣
ȻԣֻҪԸȥ߷ЦЦ
һ֣һӴʥս֡
Ҷսɣ߷Ц
ˣ½սһһٶˡսܿͷ롣
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ô죿ô֪
ʥ˵ĶӣôһССð
ңһΣˣȥɣʥ˴ã峤ҡ


965 ͨ
նɱ𽥻ָҲʮʱˡ
ΪԾסڶٳǵĹϵ۵Се綼˲֪ˡ
ڵĶٳǣ͵磬һָĴСԪ½ʥǣ½ʥǣ۸߶ߵҲԶԶȲĶٳǡ
ٳǾңȻҲǲ׳󡣾֮ڣȥԼ֮⣬Ҳһʾߡмʮ֮ࡣڵʦ̫ˡ
⻹ֻǹʮѡ
İ꣬ǾҳʥҲ˾þ档
ðŵųڶԱڸ߷£ٳ͡ǣڶٳǶһ£ԡ߷뿪
ðţԶһεġ
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Ҳø߷׼һЩðŵĳԱÿ˶УǴлǶԾƵչˡ
ҲˣȷʵࡣǰЩڶٳǵĺ˵ƻҲңȻԾɿȴû˻ȥ
⼸꣬ȷʵúܶࡣ
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ľȻһҪԭ򣬾ǰѩԻɣѩʮǰΪǸصĺɫе硣
ҪŬԶԾƺ;ѩ˵
׷ģҺһûͷظ˵
ȻԸһЩǱȾѩԾöࡣ̬ҲЦЦ
վڶʦͲְ벽ߡ
ʥϿգͨڡǣȻҪй۲죬һ쳣ҲѸӦԶ˵ҽͨ취һӦܹɹһ
ǵģǵȲǿߴɭܽǿߣǸ߷ҲǶ֣ʱͻٴΣաԣͨһ󷨣ס罵ٵˡ
ʥ˷ģ
Ե˵ͷ
ԶЩˣ̫ģϾи߷ڣ˭ָҶ˼ǰ벽ڸ߷ǰҲˡ
ˣӰһϼٷȥ
ת˲䣬ԾͨһϽӴϣ̺ҲΪǿٵʾߣ޷ƿġ
ھ˵΢һ٣ͻ˽ȥ
ϣͿԿһɫСɫУͨڡһߣǾ硣һߣ硣
⣬΢ͣԾͳ˽ȥ
ĸף׽ͨˡƿӰʧľԣ˵
ǰȥˡ߷￴žʧλá
֪һμףҪȶáЩˡ
ȸ㣬취ȥˡǰǣҪ̤ʥѩһ۾ơ
գҲ֪ǻǵǡ
˵ǰʱ򣬳ǻȰԸı⡣
۶գ๫һӦ๫ʶʱ๫쾳綼ûﵽ߷˵

֮ͨڡ
֯
ſš
ͨԼҲǧҵĿȡͨݣǷ֯γɡıݣǳ޷̫ǿų⡣ҲףΪʵ̫ǿ˲ͨͨ


966 ֮
ʱԽͨͨıԾһ仯
̽ʱĸֱ֪仯ѣǶͨڵˣΣտ˵ġѣͨڵֱ޾աһЩֶΣ޾ڱסҲԶƯȥ޾Ĺ¼֮ȥ
Ը֪ΣմڣΪСģϸڵСĿơһͽͨ˺ѡ
ͨͷĳڡ
ǰС
׷ٶȿ죬һȿǵģȫһνҪڵ͵ʱѾ̽һϢҲ֪絽͵磬ҲǱȽԶģһİ벽ҪСķһҵʱ䡣
º
ͣ
ڴ˵أشɣԽ׼õĲ϶ָֽȡ
ʵҲСĿԼ˿й
󷨣Ŀľֹ߽ٵ͵硣ͨ˽ٻãɾ˽٣Ǽֱѡ
󷨣ҲԵġǴӵ͵ǰ磬ûκ谭ǰ͵磬Ǿвͨ
ȻˣԲõ󷨣Ҳ̫˵ܡͨռ伫䲻ȶ̫ǿֻδɣͽͨˡԣԲ̫ܲǿĴ
ͨ󷨣Ҳ㹻ˡ
ǰ벽񣬻񣬱ҪƿǾҪһһͨڶý϶Ȼö˵ضǱճ
ʱԾͽ󷨲ϡңðսͨκο϶
һк󣬾Բųɿһ
ͨʱҲŵúܡһֲɾ޾ԨˣܿҲԼˡ
󷨲úãϸļȷû⣬żǰС
Ǽʱ仺š
ǰǡ
Ըоǰṹб仯
ѵѾִˣ΢΢
ǳڣͼ硣ǾԣҲźͼ
ǿ磡
ȻԵ֮Укܴ󲿷ֶ˷ܡȵ͵磬˵Ǹ̨
ͷһǰС

һϯţԾͷǰľˡ
աأӳ
𣿡ԺܵĻֻԶˣһɫţһɴޱȵͻȻĸ
ʶģҪֵ
ܿ췢֣Լκεֿͽ͵ġɴ죬ͲӰ죬˵谭ľͽԼ塣
ԵľǶݵģ֣ЩԼ壬ûκƻļ෴ģڸ졣
ˣ֮£ϸҲԾĸ֪ϸԾ˵ٶǿ
̤ΣѾܾˡϸΪʮʱ䣬ҲǿΪˣþԾãڵ͵磬Լľûϣġ
ȴ벻ո̤磬ϸͷ˺Ȼٶȳɳ
о޴ĺôﻹ̴߶һ񹦣ա
Ե壬ͺǿ
Կ֮䣬˿˿ɫĹâ˷ӿ뾰Ե塣ЩâȫԵڱס
ʱԶ˵һ֮УҲԾһӰ
ӳ˴ӵ͵ͨͨˡһɫӣžλãһӹ˵
ţ߹ȥӳ˵ͷ˵
ڳˣװ࣬μȻһġʱǵĶͬڷ˴ӵ͵磬Ƕǰ鿴

ţȷʵջ֮
ӵ͵ˣҲ֪츳Σûʸ񹬡һ˿ջ֮ľԵ˵
񹬣ƬĴ֮һԶ˵ͷֱĸҲרŸӵ͵ߡ
Ĵֱ񹬡񹬡񹬻ж񹬡
˵ջ֮һʱлᡣһʱĻ֮޷գôϣˡ񹬽Ķӳ΢΢ҡͷ˵
֪֮Ǵӵ͵Ҳԭġ
Ϊֻе͵磬Żήٻ֮ǰ͵ִӵ͵֮Ͳή١
֮һַǳոճӤҲõһλ֮ϴĻᡣ


967 ̫
Ҳ˵ǵ͵ԭס񣬶ԡ֮Ļᡣ
ңһֻһλᡣ
֮ǳĴܣҲ便γɵġ絹һ˵֮ݻһֻ
ӤһҲͨģ֮ϴ񣬱ֱӳΪߡջ֮жߵΪͿӤĸ츳ʡ֮Ĳ࣬ҲǷǳ֮еӤԡֻ쾳ΪеģԴﵽ龳ģֱӴﵽʦ
ٲ֣ܴﵽʾʥ
һ£һճӤʥ磬£
ڵ͵磬ƴǧ̤࣬ʥǷëǡոճӤٲ̤ʥ
࣬εȾ޴
Ӥ֮ϴ񣬽ʥǼޡڣںδԡֱ֮ӽεġ˵ȷʵǼ١
ֱӽģǶǾԵĶšӤʱͻᱻע
һĵΧ̫̫ˡ
ߣ糾޷ĴܣҲ֪һ֮ڣжߣ޷֪׼ȷ֡
磬ΣҲѾǿˡߣһҲ޷ġ
ڱȽʱܽǾкܴĴΪĴһԱ
ĴĳԱͨĳԱǶǴˣ˸ǡ
У͵ĳԱԼ֮ڣ²ɡǣڸǻϵκһطֻҪԼĴԱݣõ𾴺
ȻҲǿߡ
СɣһӳԱӳ񣬶ԱһǶ
ĴԴӵ͵ǺӵġҲרŽˡ
Ҫ֪ܹӵ͵ִģҲҪʥΪڵ͵磬̤ʥǺ˲ģʾԺܸߡⲿУ˵жŴڡ
ĴţȻǼҪյԼȥ

Ż֮
ĸСӳԱһԲԶţǲšȻҲ޷ţ֮ϴ񣬲ܴϵġʱָţ̻ᱻɣֱܿ
츳ʱ˵
ջ֮ʱ˵Ѿ˳ɵˡ
ţȷʵ㲻͵磬츳һ㶼￴Щ꣬Ҳܶջ֮ʱˡǳһʱģҲв١񹬵Ķӳͷ˵
㣬ɲֻӾڵһ͵硣
ſܲ̽⸽֮ࡣÿһ㣬һ͵磬Ҳ͵硣
һ͵һʱڣֻи硣͵磬Ͷˡ
ԣĴǾܿ͵ǣԴҲϰߡ
⡭һʱȥˣЩʼˡ
հʱ֮ǻʲôչһʱעˡ
ղǶӳ˵ջ֮һʱǾкܴϣڵĴ
һǵܵõӦġ
˵񹬽⼸һջ֮һʱ񹬲ɹ񹬣Ǽܵõ񹬵ķ
ڴʲô
ǵȵ͵
ջ֮һʱǵȻʼġ
ˣҪˣ񹬵Ķӳָűɫ֮סľԣ˵
Ǻǣһ񹬣ɲ˵㡣ҪǿԼ˼񹬵ĶӳЦһ
ߣ񹬶ӳһĿ
ʱš
ģʱĻ֮
⡭ǲЩˣһЩˡ
ջ֮ʱǷǳټ

֪ʲôΪ
ʲôΪⶼջ֮ʱˣ֮ǰֻʥһڿҲѾӽˡ
Χڸȵ˵
һҪ񹬣Ĵжת
ջ֮Ȼڼ
ܿģʱȥʱȥʮʱȥ
ʮĴ۶ˣһʼء


968 ѡ
ʮʱһʱ䡣
ջܴ֮ﵽһģǲ֪ûУǴδ
Ĵ񹬽ʮۺ춢Ż֮µľԡ
ǿȷǶšܽĶŽԼ񹬣ܵõĽԷޱȡ
ʱľԣջ֮
̫ʹˣ
һ񹦣תš
һգԵľ磬ѾǴһ۷壬Ȼڼ
̶̵һʱ䣬ʹһֲ̤
ֱˣ
ңڻ֮֮£ԵǿȣҲб仯ԾãǼȥԼܴܿﵽĲΡ
ͬʱԽͨͨƿأҲкܴĽȻʱ򣬾ûлͨĸо
Ÿո磬ʵǿࡣ
ա
ڶδȥԵľ磬Ҳ˳ﵽĲΡ壬ͳ̶ȣ
󣬾̤ΣҴﵽ۷塣
ܵĻ֮ڱõֹ˰ʱ֮ʧһ˿֮Ҳյڡ
Ĵ񹬵ʱЩľˡ
죬Ļ֮ƺֻˡ
ۺĽǿǻ֮ҲΣһӣѾûеڶջ֮Ļᡣ
Ļ̫֮ˣ
ӳ˵᲻ֱӽ񣿡һ˾̾˵
кܴܣˡΣɲô׾ʹﵽġ꣬ҲΡӳҡҡͷ˵֮Ǳ糬ҿ϶ܼ򵥡
ᰡһ˿Եò˵
Ƕߣ깻ǿԸܵԵϢϢȻܾ׼жϳԵͣҲдŵжϡ
ǾãԿֻмһǧ͡
磬һǧǶǾԵߡһߣҲֻСһ
ȷʵᡣ
츳ȷʵǿôܴӵ͵硣
ʮˣžԿ
ǡҲΧܵЩе΢΢һ֮¶䱸
㲻ýţǶ㣬ȫûж⣡񹬵ĶӳžЦЦ񹬽Ķӳ
񹬣˫ü̧̧
֪񹬣ЦЦ
ţ˵Ĵ֮һԵͷ
ڵ͵ʱ򣬾˽硣Ȼ罵ٵ͵ˣʵһ㣬յϢȽƬ棬Ĵ񹬣ǵȻ᲻֪
Ѻã񹬽ӳԪ񹬵ĶӳҲԾԴкԼ
񹬡
Ƕ񹬡ĸĶӳԼݡ
λѺãǾԣӵ͵Ҳ˵
ȻѾǿߣҲǰЩˣǿĲֻΪ඼һǡǲΣԲδǰڼӡ
ԭǾԵѡ
֪Ǵһžźŵ͵ġҾֱ˵ˣϣǰ񹬡񹬵Ķӳ뾰ԡ
Ҷ񹬣ҲӭԵѵļ롣ԵѵʣضͨˣΪ񹬵һԱԵ㣬Ϊ񹬵һԱܵõࡣ񹬵ĶӳԾ˵
ԵѣĴ񹬿϶Ƕӭǰˡ㲻Ҫκѹѡһ񹬣Լ񹬵˿˺ֿԣЦ˵
ҲĴ񹬣Լ롣ЩĿ⣬Ҳ¶Цı顣
ѡһ񹬣ƺ񹬵˲ˡ
Ĵ񹬵ȷʵǳϣԸԼߡ
û취̫ˡ
ͨǿ϶˼£Ҫ֪ǽ츳ԽߣǵõĽԽࡣġ
ѡ񹬣Բδ̫ʱ䣬˾
֮ѡ񹬣ȻҲԭġڵ͵ʱ򣬾ԶĴ񹬾һЩ˽⣬֪ĴУ񹬵õġԣ񹬡
ãԵĻʱЦ
񹬵Ķӳɫһڡ
Եѣ㻹ٿǿǡ񹬵ߣԺڿɾˡ񹬵ĶӳЩвζ
ǰǰ񹬣Ժ󣬾;Բл񹬡񹬵Ķӳӿ˵


969 
񹬡񹬶ӳ䣬񹬵ͷһЦ
ҲɨԷ
ĪҪƻذɣͳ˵
˵ĹأĴͬµġ
Ĵ񹬣ÿһ㶼˽Ϊ˱ͻרŶһءԴӵ͵ǰĴ񹬶ᡢȣҪԼѡ
Ļɫ΢΢һ䣬ǵûٶ˵ʲô
ʵϣԶв⣬Ȼѡ񹬣Ͳ׸⡣
ӳȷѡ񹬡ٴ˵
ԵѣҲò˵ѡǡ΢ЦԵͶǰ񹬡
áԵͷ
񹬽Խ뵽֮ڡ
һ룬Ա㿴һѰڣĿҲȥ
ԵѣСʹڵ͵磬ûмֿռ䴫󡣡ԶŴ󿴣㿪ڵ
󣿡Ŀһ
ԣʹ󣬿Խǿֱ͵ų֮⡣ﵽųǣ·;ңԶûди·Ǿ̫ʱˡ͡
Ҳ
ȷʵûмûʹù
ǼҴԵȻһˡԱԸ
ӳֻܴԵȥŲ⡣һԱЦ˵
Եѣ룡ʾ⾰Խ봫
лԹ˹֡
ˣ̤봫
Ҳ˲佫ͷųҪӦԭµķϢþҲ𶯡ĿǰȻ޷̺̽¡һ㵹ǿȷ⴫ǿռ䷨
Եע⣬ҪˡĻֻоһǰһڣӦǿжϡ
ָоܿʧԼҲǺʱ䣬ǰľָ
ԵѣѾִų֮ˡߴ
Թ۲ܣȷʵѾڽڣĵطһƬɫĿҰ֮⣬ȴһƬͳһĽȺ
;һǽȺڣһӰѸٷɳһ֧ɵĶ飬Χ
Եѣģ񹬵פؾӣػġʱԽ
̩ĶΪ߼ʺ
̩˿ֿ˿ԡ
ӳ̩Ҳʶ֪ǽӳ
ؽǾԵѣմӵ͵˵
̩񹬵ĵλȻߵöࡣȻʵҲǺǿӣԸӦԷһεǿߡ
ţʹ񹬰ɡ̩ڰ֡
ǣٴι֡
ৣţ֣ųһս
ԵѣҵǴֶԾԵ
ҲûɣٵóսսǺܴ󣬴Լֻжʮ׵ĳȡսǲʺǶӡ󷨣ȴΪȵ͵ЩʥսҪӺܶࡣȻǴﲻĲΡ
磬ҲǺټġһ񣬸ûлõĴײĳԱҲûġ
սϵķսٷٶȣȷʵȵ͵ʥսö࣬뾰ԵķٶȣǾˡ
Ҳû˵ʲôֲʱ䡣˼ѾųǵҰ⣬ִųǣӦҲỨѶʱ䡣
Եѣһ·ϲ㿴ʲôᡣԾԵ
ӳ˼ǣԲ̫Ļ
ԵѺ֪ܿˡȴЦЦûнһ͡
ˣҲûжʡ
ԣδʱ䣬Ծָʲôˡ
̫ˡ
ӷɴϿԿڹĿҰϣɱϷԿģСս߲롣
ƺѰɱڿռڣһЩɴϽɱߵĲҽ
ԿһĻĻҲ޷Ҳݡ֪ңڵ͵Щ罵ٵ˵ɻ벻ҳӡ⻹ų֮ҰϣطǸң
ӳΪ˲ɱ
Ϊ棬ΪΪԴҲ̾ϢһȻԴҲ࣬ߵࡣҪԼʵǲ׵顣£㲻ɱˣͻᱻɱ
ӦƿصķΧڣѵͲ𣿡Բʡ
ܲģҲȥܡַͨʽܻģǼǾӢˡߣעᱻ̭


970 ǧ
˵ĻֻܳĬֲͬпĴַ򣬵ĿǰҲȥıʲôһСС߶ѡ
Եѣڵ͵磬ӦɵöɣתĿԡ
ţȻҵǸȻͨ߻ȡԴҲɣٻзڴϣײСԵ˵ͷ
ǰڵ͵ȻԴѷȫܶࡣҲΪˣвˣԸȥ͵ҲԸǰ͵ģʼǼ˵͵磬ͼԴγɣЩǰ͵ߣ϶ûʲôҰˡ
ӳһжٵ͵磿Զ⣬ȷʵ档
֪ͨܶ͵磬ԼڵǸֻ֮һж٣
Ѿֲҽͨĵ͵磬ųһڸ½һЩµĵ͵粻ϱ֣ȻҲһЩ͵Ϊԭˡ˵
һڸ۾
Ǿˡ
ǰǳһڸĽǸռڵ㣬ԼĪһ͵ͨԵѣǴһžźŵ͵ġˣĴӵ͵ߣΪߡ򣬿ռڵҲǳһġ񹬵Ľһҡ
һռڵ㣬ÿһռڵһҵ͵ͨǿ¡
Իֻ֪һˡ˵ǧǧ֮һ
磬̫Ӵˣޱ޼ʡεĴܣ¶֪絽ж
ӳӵ͵ߣᱻսĴ𣿡ԶƬ̣ʵ
Ȼǡ
ߵģȻ˵츳ǿĸԱȽϸߣҲûʸĴ񹬵ġȻԵߣ񹬿϶ûκ⡣Ц˵
ЩܼĴ񹬵ߣأԿ˿ԶɱһȺߡ
ߣҪסʻǺܴġ߸ոս磬һλ֮Ϊܴ磬һҲʥʥʵһΣǾͱȽǿˣܶ඼ܴﵽ벽Ρ
ǣҪ㣬Ǽܡ
Ե㿴ųǵĿҰ֮ɱģҲεġԣҪõķǼһЩС˼һЩȽϴĲ䣬Ȼáǽ˽Ȼһ˶һЩ
սųǷС
һ·ϼɱܶ࣬ȴû˿սԹ۲Щʥ֮»ǴﵽʥΣڼս֮󣬶һʱÿɱеߣͣɱÿһ·
;Ҳס
սϣ񹬵ı־Щɱߣ񹬣Ĵ֮һ
ʮ죬ڼһС
Եѣǰųˡ֮ǰҪսȥдӳŽٷе񹬡˵
ֲܼġ
սֱӿУǽ΢ʥսͻᱻݻ١
ҪУֻܴӳŴ֮սҲʹã߿ԷСϾ̫߶ڽֵϲУͲһӵ
ԵȻ飬ô˵ô
к˳ȡ񹬵ƣ̷С
˵ҪųǣҲҪݵġ
ûݵߣʵǿһɲý롣
ҲǿҰϴС̾ɱҵԭ֮һ
ͿԽǣǲԸɱߣֻҪоܻðȫڣϸɱ¾ġ
ųǣ˰ʱŸ߾ԣѾˣǰһƯˮɫ
⽨ǺܴӡԿ˿ˮɫֹһ䡣
Եô˵񹬺ͻײˡЦһ
Щɻ󣬽ˮɫ֮š
⡭ˡ
Ҳ˲ףǾ仰˼
̫ˣ
񹬵ӴȫԵԤϡ濴ǱȽ׳۵ͨڲȴ·һ硣ңǳŨ
֮ǰʱ򣬾Իûжྫǵ񹬺ıһ¡಻ķ£Ũһıˬ֮С
Ĵ֮һ


971 һʮꣿ
磬ڲá
ԵѣĿռ䣬ֻ񹬵һѡ񹬣һоŹоŨɣҸ㣬ڶȵһŨȵڶŨԴơ¶ı飬Ц˵
Ź
ǵġԵѣֻҪͨѡο˳ΪʽԱͿԳڵһˣÿ궼ܵõһԴҲһǧöһ񾧡ͨڶĿ˽ΪߣÿԴһöһ񾧡
֮ݵλԽߣܵõĽԴԽࡣ⣬ӵܻ;ܹ񾧽ߵҲнġ;һߣһ߽
ȷʵܷ񡣡Զݵ
Ȼ񹬣һܼģҪ㹻ʵСЩ԰
ԵѣȴȥǼǱϢ¼󣬱԰ĵſ˿ʼˡ񹬣ÿѡοһΡʱȽϴɣһο˾Ѿӽ꣬мʱ䣬´ѡο˾ͻῪʼžԣǰ˵ĵط
ӳǼߣ
ң
ٺ٣ҵʵǲһЩϴβμӶʧˣԾһߡЦһ
ӳ񾳽磬˻ʧܣҲеЩ⡣
ţ
ô֪񣿡žԡ
ûԼľΪ
£ֻоߵܿߵľ徳硣⾰ԣô֪ԼΣ
Ȼ뵽Ի񾳽硣֪һ㣬»°Ҳӵ͵չ֮ҲǶˡ
͵֮ǰ߾һ񡣵͵У޷ġҲ޷ʹͨ
µģ΢Ц
ûж룬ʱѾ˱
ҲǺܴģԽ󣬿в߶ڱǼϡ
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ƺǲ˾ԵĿ⣬ͬͻȻۣԡ
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ҲΪʲôĴ񹬽֮뾡Եԭڡ
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972 Ϲע
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973 ľ˾
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񹬵һĳԱÿõһǧöһ񾧻һʮһ񾧡Ĵ֮һ񹬵ĳԱȻĽ
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976 һ
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978 
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ǣִӦ


983 
޵̬ĵ͡
Ϊľ˾ڵһ˾ҲǸˣ񹬵ĵλ͡ҲǸ߼
߼ǡԼȼ
ʵݵλʱھǰ˵ƽͣһӶûС̬þԶԹ޵ӡҲá
Сֵܣ㣬һ̸̸Ҿֱ˵ˣϣܽľ˾Ҳ㣬ھʮ˾֮Уľ˾еƫ£ľ˾õԴܻǰһЩȽǿ˾뾰Ժ˼󣬹޾͵Լ˼
̬ȺܳϿҡ
ҲֱӸ߾ԣԼľ˾ܵõĽԴЩǿ˾һЩҲû취顣ĻҲ͵ڱԼ̬ȣƭԣҲǿԡԸ߲Ըľ˾ɾԼ⡣
Կ˿ޡ
ʵϹ޹ұݺ󣬾ԾͲ³˹޵Ŀġ
룬Գ˵˾δͨѡοˣʽĳԱܷҿ˽ٸ𸴣
ʵϾѾƫλ˾˲ľ˾㽱Դ΢һЩҲǺҪ
ԵĻĿԼЩʧ
޾ãԼľ˾ĿѾˡô˵Ӧǲ˼ֱӵܾϾ˾Թ룬ֱ̫Ӿܾ̫ˡ
УҾ͵ȾСֵܿ˺Ҵ𸴡ȻʧδֳԾԲȻЦ˵
˽ӽʮʱĻ֮ݱֳ츳ֵԳ£ţǰ˾ҲϾԽǿ˾õĽͻԽࡣ
Թ޲þԾܾԼܾľ˾ʲô

˾ˣˡ˾ִ£ص˾˵
Ǹ߽оԣһǰòŴӵ͵Ǳġִ»˵
ִ£ͨѯϢ
ԣ֪Է˳Ļ֮İͬȻ֪£ֻľ˾Ĺ˾һˡ
Ļ㱨еڴһӱ䵭ˡ
ԭһ˿ԣҡҡͷ
ȤǺܴ˾Ǻǿģֻ컨ϵűȽȤǸȼȤ

֮УȷʵһЩ츳õġ컨ϵᲢۣ
඼ʥ񶼲ࡣһ˵Ҳһѡ츳ãҪܽڶĳ̶ȣҪʱ䣿
ڶһ񶼲УǽǿСһҪﵽΣǾзǳǿ츳ҲǼʮϰʱܰ쵽ġ
ԣ֪һߣоû˶ڴ
ϼһҲǼʳˣһȻȥ롣Цһ
ľ˾ܺ˾Ȱ컨ϵţѡǰ˾롣ǹ˾벻컨ϵţֻʣһòˣҲǱƵġ˾ִ£ҲЦ˵
ע⵽뾰ԽӴ˾˾ܶ˾ˣΪ޵Ϊעһ¾ԡ
̽õĽࡣЩȽǿ˾û̫ȤȡЦ޵ģҲԲһˡ
뾰˼䣬㹰ָǣصڵһ˾ۼĵط
˾ǾĵΣڣЦŶԹʵ
Ļ΢΢һ
˾Ϣͨô֪˾Ե֡ް۾˵
˾˵ЦˣʲôϢֻͨǣ˾ΪЩѽⰡһֵù˾ȻҲԳһӡ
ʵ̭ޣķѽ⡣
Ȼ⻰һ˵ܱ㴫һƬЦ
ĻҲĻУ֪֪˽ӽʮʱĻ֪֮Ϣһ˵Ļ
޵ȻʱϢϵûõǸ̶ȣ˵Ĺϵʵܲ
û˵˵Ҫϲ˾ɹ뵽һżľ˾
ִһƬЦ
˾ˣСֵܿûӦľ˾ҡҡͷ˵Ҳ̾һ
ŶһΣЩ⡣
ΪԳ棬Ǿ϶̴Ӧľ˾ȴû뵽Ȼûͬ⡣
е˼ȻҲ˾ӡ⻹ȤҡͷԵ˵


984 ׺
Цаڵʱ
ΪԿܲѡľ˾ҲϣԼ˾ԽǿᾰԣǲԽá
Ҳ˵ʲô΢۾ʺ繰ţ糱ˮӿʺ繰Žɲصߡ
Ժ÷˱ʮ򣬲߽ɲصٶȺܿ죬δ̫ãҲʺ繰š
ɲأһĿռ磬Ӧר߽ѡο˵ⳡ
ɲغ󣬾Ծ͸оԡԭԼһ÷࣬ʱѾܸܿоķΧڣֻһˡ
μѡο˵ߣӦа֮ġ˶߶ɲأռȻҲСڽַĿռܹ⣬ƺԼڵĲϣֻһˡ
Բ²⣬ɲصӦԼࡣôҲ˵ɲڲܿĿռɡÿһɲصߣڶһϡ
Ĵ֮һĿռ硣Ҳ̾
۲Ƭ̺󣬾Ծϥ£ĵȴ
ıʮ֮Ȼмʮ߻ɲء
ѡοˣӦûвμӿ˵߽ɲغŽС
֮£׼μѡο˵ԽԽ٣𽥵ģȫɲء
һʮ˾ˣڶ򱦵˲ȵȻˣڲμӿ˵ȫɲغ󣬲̫ϳʾ½ɲء
ڲѡο˵˲١ǵһˣǵڶȵһЩû£Ҳ񣬱ϾŽһο˲㳣ҲЩ˼
ȴ
λСעˣ
вμѡο˵ߣѾȫɲء˵ÿһ仰ǶҪ
ѡοˣеһؿ顣һؿݺܼ򵥣ǶԷ֮׺ҲǷжȡһУֻʮǧİܹͨһصĿˡ
޷ͨһؿ˵ģֱӱ̭ɲػὫֱ̭Ӵͳ񹬡һɲÿһ߶֮ڡ
֪̫ϳϡ˴ѡοˣλ̫ϳ֡
̫ϳϵĻҲǺܳԾ
һٶˣһؾͻᱻ̭ųϡҪͨ񹬵ѡΣȷʵǲסҪ֪ܹμѡο˵ߣӦöʱȽǿˣپ֮ͬǱȽġˣһȻ̭еľųɡ
⻹ǵһء
ضеڶءһ̭ųɶ࣬ڶֻ̭٣ܳΪһԱģʣ٣
һؿģ߶Է֮׺ͨ˵߶Էĸ֪Ŀ飬츳
׺ԽǿԷΪУ츳ȻǸˡһأʥ߶ԣҲûʲôơ
Ҳ˵ֻʥΪǷ׺ǿҲɹءεߣҲһб̭ķա
׺İ취絹ҲУЩ취Ҫʵֿɲס˵һ棬ǾԼķ׺һж˶˵亱
壡
ģ
һһؿ飬ڿʼ
̫ϳϵɲһռڣ֮ȻЩ֮Ȼṥܿߣֻڲ߶Էж׺
μӿ˵ߣʱҪκ飬Ǳ۾ŵһؿɡ
һ쿼ʱ䣬Ҳһյ赽һӡʱڣ㹻֤һ߶Է׺ˡ
һٶμѡο˵ߣͬʱ鷨׺ǳ׳ۣҲӲ˵ɲռĲ
ಣ
ಣ
ոտʼһӰʧɲصĲռڡȻѾ뿪Ǳ̭ˡߣͬʱͳȥ
ɲصٵļš
ɲصһռ֮Уߣ΢Ц
ʣһˣ
ʣ¾ʮҡ
ֻаʮˡ

ѡο˵̫ϳϣ⼸֮УֽӽʱϿڱһ֣֡ǲμӿʣյʱ䣬һٶߣֻʣһ롣֣Ȼڿٵļ١
Ǻǣľ飬ⷨ׺ͶܴﵽһûʲôϣͨһءһɫߣЦ˵
ǰ׺ܴﵽһĻӦþǿŽǰʮǧİ֮ˡӽ̫ϳϵͷ
ӽϣĿǰ׺ͶߵĴﵽˣһ߿ӽ̫ϳϣʵ
ҿӽ۾ֱڿռỮһ¡˲Ϣ䣬֮ЯһϢݶ


985 
ɲȷʵרΪѡο˶һ֮⣬ûκιܡ
ӽ̫ϳϲٿ֮£׾Ͳ鿴μѡЩߵĳɼһ̺֮Ϣ
Ȼӽ̫ϳҲԵĲ鿴ʱɲڻʣʮμӿ˵ߣϢ̫ˡ
һ㣬ĿǰҸ
ӽ̫ϳ΢΢ͷҲ֪ߣ츳ܸߡ컨ϣһǧ֮ڡ
컨ŽһǧǷǳ˲ĳɼ⣬ԺΪĿԺܴ
ţ񹬣Ҳӡһ㣬ӽ֪־Ϳɼһˡ
һнϴϣΪţҲκһ᲻ӡ
ڶ۬䶰Ҳ嵽֮䲨
ʲҸ
е˼λӦñȽϤɣųڵߣɾСһ֮ǰҼܲѾˡķҲ֮ϡӽ˵ɾʱ򣬶˵˼䣬Ϊɾųڵߡ
ų񹬵ıУгּߣ񹬵ĴﵱȻҲˡ
Ȼӽôһ˵λҲ΢΢ͷ
ӽһĿǰǰʮߣһ顣ǰʮˣԶ컨ϵţ㿿ǰǵʮҲ컨ǰǧ
һβμѡεߣƺܲ
ǰһѡοˣҪһЩǰʮ׺ķ֮ϡ
ʮСһҪսɲܷˡЩСһɶǱ֮о֮һܽҲܺˡ
׺֤ܴﵽ֣ȷʵǶˡ
򣬾ܴﵽһ֣ˡ
һ£һβμѡο˵㳬֮ࡣ׺ķܴﵽһֵģԼҲʮ˵ӡ
ʮ֮Уֻһ׺ܴﵽһ֡
Ҫ֪ܹμѡο˵ߣѾǷǳɫˡЩǳͨģûĻᣬȵһ񾧱ѣܽǶ⡣
ʱɲһռ֮ڡ
ԣĺһ
ʱ˽ĿŵһռڣһԾҲɻ
ΪԴʱΪЩ˿͸μѡεˣھĸܸ෨֮Ǿԣȴǹڽ֮ż
ʵϾȷʵô⵹ԼʣǬСڵĻ֮Դ
ܵĿռڣ֮ʵ̫̫࣬ԶܸоСڵĻ֮ԴЩļȻǬСɾԻЩģһ¶ߣ᲻ᱻЩ
ᵽλӽ̫ϳϵ֮󣬾һҲɣ֮Դ¶һ˿ԴϢҲᱻǿ߷֡
Ŀǰھ˵֮ԴԲܱ¶񹬴ﲻֱĻ֮Դɱô޳ܰ಻ֶβ档
Բðա
ʱ򣬾ԸͲҽӴ̫ķ֮ʱĻƣǬСԻ֮ԴĸȻԵԽӴķ֮δ쳣֡
֮ԴȻ淨иӦԴϢδǬСй¶ֺ
ҲþԵĵ𽥱ʼӴķ֮
ŽӴķ֮࣬ķ׺֣Ҳ֮ٵʼʱ򣬷׺ֻһҡڣѾӡ
ڲռڣԿԿԼӦķǷֳǳҴʱռڵķڲ
һˣ
ˣ
ˣ
Խſ꣬Ӵķ֮УʱҲǺ˷ܵģռڵķ֮ʵ̫࣬Ҳж٣ǴԹ㣬Ҳϰ֮ࡣһռУϰķ֮һ֮µĻ˷ܣ
˵ֻһֱǾһͷҲܳΪһͷǿޡ
յʱ֮
ֻʣ¶ʮˣӽ۾鿴һɲ֮ڣμѡοߵʣ
ͻȻ΢΢һԭŵ۾Ȼԭƽ͵Ŀ⣬һ
ô£ӽ̫ϳϣ΢΢һ
ӽ̫ϳվһģ񹬼λҲһʱ䣬ӽ̫ϳϵɫ仯ˣ΢΢üͷ
ӽϣôˣĪǳʲôⲻɣһˣ˿ߵˣֿӽʵ


986 ʲô뷨
Ǽ˶ӽ̫Ϥˡ
Ե޹ʵģӽôͻȻ¶־ȵı飿ɻģǾʲô£ӽ϶ȡ
˳ѯʣӽȴûûκηӦ
ʱӽѾע˾ڵĲռ֮ڡ
̫Źˡ
ӽֻһͷǹ졣ռڵߣ׺ͶȼѾֻ֣ǵȻӽͷڵһĽǶǻġ
ֵ֣ǻԶ
ǣ֮ǰӽ鿴ǰ漸ǧߣûпԡڶ̶ʱ󣬾ԾȻʮˣķȻƣƺҪԭڵʮĿ漷ȥ
ķ֮両
鷨׺˵ʱ࣬ͻࡣ
һ˵߽̿뷨֮ӴϾֳ
˵ڵһĽ㣬Ӽ鿪ʼ֣Ȼ֡ҲΪˣ鷨׺Ͷȵ̣Ҳһյʱѣᳬһ㡣
һ㣬յʱ䡣
Сӣôðģ
ѵһʼų֮ⷨӽǷǳ档
ʼʱų֮ⷨҪʲôѵͲ´һʼͱ뿪ʧȥѡʸ𣿡ӽаתͷ
ԡ͵СһͰ
һˡ
ʮˣ汻ǰʮˡķڼӽǿߣʱҲ̲ס档
ӽϣվӽļˣҲԽԽɻˡ
ӽʱ򣬷·Żع
Ǻǣ˼һ˼ЩˡӽεЦһԼ˵
ӽϣ㿴ʲô˼ˣɫͷЦʵ
иоԵСһǲ֪ɣӽ۾ˡ
ˣٴζһۡ
ԣ
֣ȷʵİûκεӡӦò컨ϵš컨Ǽ㲻ȥעҲӦûһӡΪΣĿСơֻҪǲȫǡ
ǺǣǵȻ֪ˣСһǵ͵ġӽû˵ԹԵ˵
ӽϣ㵹˵˵ô˼һ˴ߴٵ
ţԣտʼʱķߣҶûע⵽ڣѾʮˣﵽġӽ΢Ц˵
ȻĿһֽŵб仯ǧ֣֣ﵽˡ
⡭˶¶ȱ顣
ӽϣ˼˵оԵСһܵͣģͷ߾ʡ
ˡӽͷ
Ҳ˵ʱǹû뷨֮Ӵ
ȷʵ˼
Сһʲô뷨
׺ܴﵽ֣Ƕšʵ㲻ߣһʱ䣬Ҳɵ׷ȥ
ûӽϣɵעһ¡Сһں̭ʧܣҲˣζý񹬡ͷ֣صĵ
׺ܴﵽ츳ֲܿˡ
ΪĹϵĿǰ϶̫ߣҲһûн񡣵ⲻҪ񹬲ںʥһںǽǱʣǲ̫ãǧͿܽмɽ컨֮ڡ
м񣬾ǡԼȼΡ
ԻڼӦΧ
һӷſֻ꣬̽ķһ
ͻȻһ
ռڵķ֮ȻʧӰ١
ͬʱɲڣμѡο˵Ҳʮǧİˡ
ߵֻʣʮǧİˣ鷨׺׶Ҳͽˡ
һٶμѡεߣʣʮһˡЩˣͨ˷׺ļ飬˳뵽ڶ׶ΣҲ̭׶Ρ
Ըоǰһ䣬Ѿ뿪˲ռ䡣ˣһӴĹ㳡֮ϡ
ԵһۿԼܣдߡ֪ЩߣӦöһμѡο˲ͨ׺ͶȼˡԵڶۿģϷһ̨ϵļӰеһǱѡοӽ̫ϳϡ
ӽ̫ϳϣĿҲ˲ھԵϡȻ㳡ϣʮߣӽ֮ǰѾעԣʮҵԣ£׾پܸÿһˡ
ʱ䵽ˣСһķ٣򣿻߳壿ӽа


987 ˾Ľ
ӽȷʵԾԲ˲ٺġ
ڼ鷨׺ǵʱ䣬ԵĻֲЩסˡ
ھԴӲռ䴫ͳھϡ뿴֮ǰŴӵ͵Сһʲô֮
ᣡܿģӽͿԵͲ
ףķƺЩŹ֣ΪȻ֮ǿӽ˳ƸӦһ¾ԵΪ
һӦ΢¶Ծ˵ı顣ǾߣǰľΪǶԣɨһ£ȻûĿԵʵ硣
в˶ӽٴɨԣһɾˡ
һ񹦣ȻǷǳ뺷ķԵľȷʵ̫ˣһǵҪһǰ侳ΪȻ̫ܡ̤񾳽磬ǼӽǿߣҲѿԵ硣
⡭񣿡Եӽ˫üһ¡
ô£
˵ոմӵ͵
շôΣ
͵ͨһͨΣգҪСġ񣬾Ͳͨͨôͨͨģ
ֻ¸սͨͻὫͨ
ѵ˵ǼǵϢд󣿡ӽת
ƺֻһֿܿԽ͡
ӽϣҲ벻Էϵʱȷʵһ˻֮Ŵһġ
ѡνҵԲһ¡Ū٣Ʒоˡӽ΢΢ҡͷ
ϲǣɹͨ׺׶Σʮǧİˣڶ׶ΣҲǵ̭׶Ρڣаʱʱ׼ʱ̭׶̿ʼӽÿһɲڵˣ
μѡο˵ߣԹҲ˽⡣
ͨ׺飬ֻǹ˵һء̭׶ΣһǳײС
ʮǧİˣգֻһܹ˳ͨˣΪ񹬵һԱ
μѡο˵һһࡣһأȥʮ֮šڶأٴȥӽˡ
ѡο˵Ѷȣɴ˿ɼ
ԭվӽߵߣʱߵһԣʹôѶʯѶϢ
ߣҲ񹬵һ̫ϳϣֽиǳ
ѶĶ󣬴ʱ񹬵ĵھŹǱˣ˾˾Ҷˡ
ҴѶʲôҶ˵ˣѡοˣûȤۿҶ˼ǸǳѶ̻Ӧ
Ҷǳ˵ĹϵȻǳȻҶҲӦǳ̫ϳϡ
֮ǰǳҶһۿѡοˣҶֱӾ;ܾˡѡΣȷʵûκȤ
ۿһϢ㡣ǳѶ
ʲôϢҶȱȱ
ҷһӣѵ㲻뽫˾𣿡ǳ˵
ӣһѡοˣûӿֳ˾Ȼ顣Ҷ˲Ϊ⡣
񹬵ѡοˣһһΡÿһѡοˣвӳ֡˾˾ȻЩӽ£С£ȻҪ˾ģ˾úܺá
ڵһ˾ͷչòÿһѡο˺󣬶ռȽ߽˾
ôף㴫ѶȻָЩ컨ϵСһ˵ˣоԣǴӵ͵ոġֻ£˾˾Ŀǰû츳ܸߵСһءǳεЦһ
ŶҶ˵˵Ȥ׺Ѿˣ˵ӣǶ٣
֣塣ǳ˵
ҶĿ΢΢һ¡
׺ļ⣬֣壬ɼȷʵܲˣΪţҲΪĺӣȷʵӦýյ˾֮ڡ
ôһϢЩֵɣǳЦ˵
ţȷʵҰһ¡Ҷ˵һ䣬жǳϵ
ûѶʯôѶʯһˣһѶϢ
μӱѡο˵Уһӵ͵ոշоԵˣ츳֪ͨ˾յ˾Ҷ˴һѶϢ˴Ѷʯ
ΪһѡοϳֵСһҶָʾѾǺѵˡҶˣȻһѡο˵ֳֻҪһˣȻὫá
˾˵ѶϢڰ˹ڣһɫߣӦԼĴѶʯѶϢ
ɫ۵ߣ˾˾һִ£˾λȻҲߣ߹˾˾൱


988 קʲô
˾˾ִ½гؾ٣˾ĴѶȻҵ
Ҳƣ˾ˣôעһμѡο˵ߣ츳ߵߣΣҲ˾۰ɣ
ÿһѡοˣӿֳһЩšܴﵽεģϾٲ֡ңһĴ֮һڣ治жۡ
ɻɻ󣬳ؾٿɲ̾͸һ˾˾ѶϢ
˾ڵһĸˣһ˾ѪҺ飬Ȼȥ죬Ѳ˾ִ»ǰ
ɲأȸ˾˾ڹרλùۿ
ͨ˷׺⣡ߣ䵽˾Եϡ
ҲѰҾԣֻΪ֮ǰľ˾Ĺ뾰нӴԾӡĿȺɨӵʱżȻ˾ԡ
ԼȻɲأȻͨ˷׺⡣
ȷʵһЩ츳
ֻǣһҪ̭ͨ׶Σǿɲס΢Ц
һ񣬶вٻ̭׶̭
̭׶ΣǷǳпġʱʵǿҲһᱻ̭
̭ͨȷʵҪ㹻
һЩʥߣҲϣ̭ͨġֻҪֶսĶ֣ʵԼģǾ˳ء
෴ģãǿߣܱ̭ȻּǱȽСġԼϾߣ١ԼʵǿĶ֣ҲֻܹԼùˡ
Ը磡÷Ⱥҵ˾ԡ
÷ѡԿ÷࣬ȻҲȽϸˡЩμѡο˵֮УҲ÷һˡ
Ǹֻäɽ廢ɨһȦҲû⣬ԻЩ⡣
ţ̭׶ֻҪ֣ȫʤܹˡԿ÷Щš
ţϣһ㣬̫ǿĶ֡Ը磬ҾͲôˡ÷žգգۡ
ǸʲߣôЦЦ
ϣˣμѡο˵ǿĺö࣬඼컨ϵš÷ĿЩء

ԣʱӵ˾ִ³ؾٵĴѶ
ؾٵĴѶݺܼ򵥣ҵһвμѡοֽоԵյ˾
ؾٲûֱӸ˾˵˼
ֻǵһ˾˾̫͡˾ִ´ѶǶԾ˺ü㡣£ؾٻҪر𽻴˾˵˼
ؾִ´ˣɫЩˡ
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˾ִµķԸҲܲ
ղŹޣȥӴƺ޲δ£ɹԵһ˾ҲһЩ˽⣬Ӧ֪˾ǿܾޣȻǲľ˾ǿʵת
ȥǾԽӴһ£Լ˾ߵִ˵
ţִĻ΢΢һ㶣ΪԼˡ
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컨ϵţǲ̬˵ɶһ룬ǶǸԷˡ
治֪˾ʲô뷨һҲֵڿ˽֮ǰ룿ͨˣ񹬣ʱٿ俼еı֣ҪҪĲ衣
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989 
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ͨԱȷʵҪʮ˾˾ǰ˾۲ΪЩ˾ܶõһɹ۵Դ
񾧵ҩٵѧطȵȣпܵõ
ܽʮ˾ģվ˾ɵĳԱҪҲܸߡЩûʲôϣܽڶߣʮ˾ôܰװ׽ɽԴ
˾ִ£ƽﱻάϰˣںһδͨѡο˵ˣ
ԵĻִüͷһ壬¶һ˿㵡
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Ծܾˣܾúܸɴ࣬û˵Ҫһ¡
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ɨɨԡھԸߣҲ̲סݣھԱ˾ִ˾ʱ򣬾Ѿ¶ĽʼɵɫЩȻĿǰ񹬳ԱǶһЩİ
Ƕ֪ʮ˾Ҳ֪˾ǿ
ھԾܾ˾ͬе˼顣ȻҶ˾ǿƣ
˵ʲô˾ִ£˶٣м
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˵Ҷ˾ûȤһֱЦݡ
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Ҷ˾ĺôҲͬûκȤ
˾ܵõԴľ˾ҲܵõȻ˵ľ˾õĽܻ᲻˾Բ̫⡣һε񹬿ˣĵõߵĽ
ѡοˣҲнģԽǿǰԽࡣ÷֮࣬ǰ뾰Խǰһ٣ǽԴһ񾧣ʮ𲽡

˾˾ҲǸһ˾˾ִ뾰ԽӴʵ
ղ˾ǸһҲûп۵˼ôͻȻ֮䣬뾰ԽӴȻȥӴȻɣԱ˳ŵû¸ɣ
ף˾Ǹȷʵ뾰Խ̸
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ľ˾˾ޣ̾һǳ뿴Լ˾֮ǰԾԲмһˣΪ뾰ԣѡο˽֮ǰȡжû뵽ϻ쵰ǳˡ
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˵ʲôüͷһߡ
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˵ģҶ˵ˣȻܾ̬Ⱥܶӡһ߰˾ִ˵
ܷŭԼˡ
컨ǰţǱܾҲˡһȻҲܾ˾롣
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Եǳ⡣
Ǿԣܾ˾룿
е˼оԵʲô
֮ǰ˾ȥ룬ûͬ⣬Ǿľ˾ˡ˾ȥ룬Ҳܾ
һʮ˾֮У˾൱˾ĲࡣԱľ˾ǿģֻһˮ˾һˮ˾Ǿʮ˾֮Уʵĵһˮ˾ѶȵȻҲܴ󡣾컨ϵţҲδܵõˮ˾
ڶ˾жЦ
˾˾ˣһܾˣԲġҪ֪ˣ϶ȥ뾰ԡ
ҵҪ̭ܲͨ׶ΡһЦ󣬵ͳ˵
ȥ뱻ܾȻټ롣һƣѵҪ͹ȥ
˾ִµķԸ
ߣ⾰̭׶ζͨ˾ִ»׷Ϊûɽ˾

̭׶Σʼʱӽ̫ϳϵٴδ˶ʡ
ţԾ͸оһסԼ


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ҵĵһ֣ǴˡԿ˶Էһۡ
ߣҲžԡ
̨ϣֻоԺߡ
ԿԿԼڵ̨֮⣬̨ÿһ̨߶Щ̨Լ̨ܽϸӦȴַƺԶ
ǲͬĿռ档
̫ˣԿռ䷨ãǿֲٴηһ̾
̶ֳȵĿռ䷨ãڵľ󼰵ģʵ̫ˡԾԵʵƲĲռ䡣ԷԸ⣬ͿԽԶƬռڣҲһ̨֮ϡ
ÿһ̭һΪһ̨Ϊӽ̫ϳϵ
սʼ
ӽ̫ϳϻ£һ̨֮ϣս˲졣
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йƽߣֻһ벽ߣһ񶼲ǡҪҲһͷ顣
ʱƽȻûж֣ȴܼҡԼʵҪ̭ͨѶȺܴ󣬿㹻ãҲȫûпܡҲԸӦԵʵ϶ûκջ
ڲ²⾰Եʵ
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Լδ뿪̨Աһһǧٸ̨սҪȫȻҪһЩʱ䡣
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ӽ̫ϳϣٴλӶһǧˣ±սԵǰһµĶ֡
ʥԸӦһ¶ֵʵ治һǰ벽񣬵ڶָֻʥΪ
һǧߣֳǧٸ̨ԡ
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ʥߣûŪֻоԼʶĺгδ£㱻ͳ񹬡


991 
ڶ̭ʱҪȵһֳһЩ̴ԼҲյʱ䡣
μӵڶ̭һǧߣʱֻʣǧˡ
ӽ̫ϳӿǧˣٴαսһһǧ˰ٸ̨
̭ʼڵ̭֮л֣ܶǾѾڵõ񹬵볡ȯ֣ͨǻҪһҪֻʤĳߣſԺƵĳΪʽԱ
̭ߣΪͺˡǧˣ඼һΡ
֮У㻹ʥ߰벽ҪͬȲΪĶ֣ѶҲǺܴ󡣳ˣߣǵĽֻܡ
ڰ벽ΣҪһѶȿ֪Ȼ˵ǾûߣضܺһѡοϣҲѿһ
ڰ벽εʱ򣬾սһ񣬿ɾͨԪ磬ûͨ˵ʥͰ벽ˡ
̭Ķ֣һߡ
ɫΪ°
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ھԴߵͬʱĿҲžԣǷһ˿Ц
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˾쿴˾˾žڵ̨
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˾ѾïӴïҲͷӦ뵽˾ȻΪ£ï˾Ҳŵ˲ٺôֻҪï˾δʮڣӵнڶʵ
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ǰǰֻãֶǿ󡣿ؼĵ֣Ȼ˳ï
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һЩһ˾вٿۡ
ΪԳ뾰ԣټ˾ӴЩ˾ȷʵвҲעԡ
˾֪˾ïӴïӦ˾𣿡һ˾ѯʵ
˾һۣ¶ı顣
ǾͲҪˣڳïδ񹬵ʱҾԳïïҲʾѡο˽󣬵һʱͼ˾Ц
Ȼ⣬ï컨ţǵһ˾ҪɵĶţˮ˾ǶɡϾ߰͵컨ɲ
ÿһѡο˺컨ţڵһ˾˵ǲĳɼˡ˾һ컨Ŷɲˡ
˾찡ڳïȴ֮󣬲ӴңѾӦ˾ˡ˾ε̾Ϣһҡҡͷ
˾ĬȻĹޡ
תĿ
޴ʱûʲô飬ЩǵġҲ̫һЩ̭УԼ񾳽ߣʮ֮һԣȴ˳ïǿߡ
ʲôľ˾ǸоԵڣûʲô뷨ЩƵŹޡ


992 
һϡ
Ҳ̫ˡ
˾֮ǰҲȥɾԵ𣿡һ˾ؽǲӦÿһ㣬ѵΪܾˣͻĹڻ
㡭۾һɡ
˵ˣֶսδʼ˭ʤ˭˭֪ïȻʵףҲδؾͻ䰡
һ˵ȷʵǿþԵǱҪģֻһЩɳʱ䡣Ŀת̨
ǺǺǡתתӹת
˺ˣλ˾αϻ𣿡վȰ˵
ǰֶսϿʼǶ࿴ЩֵҪһ˾۾Ц˵

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սٴδ졣
Լ̨߳ɡһϮµĳïĮĿеĸ߰ɢϡͬʱתһѹΪ㣬žѹȹȥ
ЦΪҪ̨߳
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ңߣþҲܲϲԷһЩϣٽϣɱǸŵѡ
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ٶȵǺܿ졣ïһնûлоԣ΢⡣
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ôï
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𽥵ģï壬Ѿ˵̨ıԵïδʶһ㡣
ˡԵïʡ
䣿ô䣿ïϵЦݣͻȻһ̤գʧȥƽ⣬̨
뿪̨ͻᱻһɲصסƳ񹬡
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ôˣһλûпïս˾˵ı飬һ䡣
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ʲôûйۿïս˾һȻ
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ľ˾˾ޣȴϲĿ̨ϵľԡ


993 
㾰Բľ˾ھԻܳïҲеˡ
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ɵúã̲סΪԺȲʡ
Ȧˡ
ò˵ï˾أڳï̭ˣͨԱ޷Ϊô˾Ҳ˵Ҫһ꣬ȵһѡοˡɵʱ˭֪ïʲôطѾҲδ֪
Щơ
ղĶ˾԰ڣ˵ïѴӦ˾ڳïͱˡ
ʲôˣ
תת˿˾ȻжЦ⡣

ԲܣïǽӽΪԲǸշôܻܳïУضΡ˺һᣬȦƶ˵
û˽Ļ
Ŀ׺ݵĿԡ
ѡοڽУҲӰ̫ϳֵѡοˡеıҲֻܼš
ԣƺȷʵ˾۹ⰡȻѡο֮ǰȥ뾰ԽӴ˾ǲǰ֪Ե磿˾˾Źʡ
ȷʵԵΪ֪Ե츳ĺܸߡڿԵΪҲͣӦǶ񣬿ܽӽ񡣡޻Ӧ˵
ȷʵԵľ硣
ĳϰͬͬԵ硣
ߣ񣿿ʲôЦ
͵Ҳһ񡣾͵ܵͨͨ磿Ц˵
ЦѵԾͲܷ֮ǰһ񣬵˻֮𣿡Цһ
˾˵ȷʵܿܡ͵ոշڽջ֮󣬶ֱͻƾһЩ벽ߣﵽһҲ㳣˾˾ͷ˵ڵ͵Ѿһջ֮ҲܣֻҪ츳㹻
˾˾ʱ΢΢ͷ
ǿԵĿ⣬ҲٴαԻ˳ïï컨ϵţҲ˵ԿܣҲ㹻컨

ֶս˽ӽʱʱ䡣
սִԽ࣬ʱԽΪ߽֣ͬʵӽߣʱںѷֳʤԾͻĸʱ䡣
ڶ̨ϣʱֻʣһǧ˰ߡ
һΣӽû̻Ӷһǧ˰߷顣
ȣҪϲһǧ˰ˣͨǰ̭棬ǽ̭
ڵֶս֮У㱻ܣҲᱻֱӴ뿪ʧܵˣҲһ񹬵Ļᡣӽ˵
˵仰ӽŻӶһǧ˰ߵĴη顣
ǰһһµ̨֮ϣҲԼĸ֡
ˣԲЦһһ˰
ĸ֣ȻǱäɽ廢ӹ
ֺ󣬲ҲǾЩ񫡣
Ķ֣ʵ̫ˣǿһҲͲһΡ񾳽磬һȻǲѴܻ֮ܡǣûгֵʥʹá
Ǳ԰ǹ˵ģȻäɽ廢ŪһЩԴäɽ廢ʥҲ٣ɿ϶Լʹ˺ܾõʥʥҲܱȡ
վ񣬻ʵ컨ߡ
սΣкܲ񫡣
԰ǹһκ󣬲ʼңҸ൵εĶʹɱһ
ڣֶսʼˡ
ϣһֶ֣ǿһЩҲεġڴ͵̨֮ǰлš
ɣһսҾһЩܵкĵͺһ
⡭µ̨վŵˣͫȻһ
ԣҲ֪Ե֡
һμԵʱ򣬾ԾԼ֡
ҸɣУֱڡ
֪ԼҪˡ
Եʵ̫ǿˣǵú뾰Խ֣һƶסɣҲ
ЦеԼЩᡣ

һ֣ôӦԣֳˣԵֶǲʱЦ
ǳïֻǶҪΪᣬǿ컨񡣿ɲȴȫǿΪ컨񡣾Ծ繮ϼһ˵ڷͻƳΪһ񣬵ڲǰǻֻбķݣ


994 λ
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995 ޾ϲ
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ڵ͵磬Ʋ쵤񵤵ĲϺѰң磬쵤ֻһѰͼҩֱȥһŲ쵤Ҳһöͼ񾧾ܹ򵽡
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996 ǰİ
λÿһ֣ǽĿɲֹһ
һǧ֮ǧΣͽһ񾧼һö쵤ٽһ֣ж٣ܽλǰһأ
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ʹõȽټһצӣצӺһΪǿӦƷʺܸߵʥ
ʥʥҲǺܴġ
ڣһЩʥҲܵõʥʹõҲʥǸ߼֮УӵҲ١
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ټʽҲܣѧȽǿٱȲҪǿöࡣ
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֮ǰ֣뿪̨ģЩ˾ȵԱδ֡ԣжԾԵʵǵģȷԵûʵ
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һ˾򿼺˲Ƽμӵڶ˵ѡμӿ˵ˣԽСǸ˾õĽԽࡣǳһμӿ˽ڶɹҲûκνġԣ˾ɵߣһ㲻Ҫͳһġ
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ܽǰһǧߣʵû̫͵ģһȥҲһһŶԼϵʵ
λֺܿ쿪ʼ
һ֣Ķһڼ򵥵̽Ĺʽ󣬾Ծһƽĳ̨̨ϣŵλ
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߽г࣬컨ڰǧӡ
컨ʮܽǰһȻǼš
ٿصķˮΪڷʱһּǿԡ۹ܲԻԷΪ۳־úͶԵ˵ѹȴǱȻԷΪĹʤһġ
ֻǣҲⲻʧܵˡ뾰Խּʮʱ󣬳ԼˣоԵʵԼܶ࣬ȥҲǱذɣԸɴ䡣
ƺ컨ϡžԡ
Ǵӵ͵磬շ粻ã컨ûҺԻش˵


997 
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ղ˵˼ǣܾԡɴʱѾȴѹƾԶ
յͨҲмǿĴ͸ȻҵĶ֡ЦһЯűǰǿѸݳ֡


998 ˵Ľ
ڶͨʥ⽣ܼͣھԽȫ߶֮£ź嫵ķ֮ʲȷʵסһ
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Ҳָо
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޴ϲãھӿ
ǾԣǰһٵߣҲϲüҡ
⽱УԵǼĶ񾧣ҲδõԵΪĵҩһЩУԵľģÿһζ伤ңһԵʱĳʮ񾧡
ҲĴܽԵóԱ
һٸˣÿʮԵǾһǧԵ
ڵ͵ʱ򣬾ԵõһԲݣҲƳԵǼԵͱùˡ
ͱȽϼˣǶ¼񹬵һߣơȻ˶ӽ̫ϳͳɲء
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Сֵܣ뿪ɲأľ˾˾޾͵˾ߡ
˾Թ˹֡
ʱĹޣЩġλеıֱ֣졣ҲģԻĿھܾľ˾Ͼھвľ˾ĳԱԿʱı⡣
СֵܣǲҪȥ򱦵ȡλ޾ԼɣЦʵ
ţ÷ǰ򱦵ȡԵͷ


999 ս
Ҳ΢Цߵ÷˵ͷ÷æ޼
ѡο˸ոսȥ򱦵ȡĳԱȽ϶࣬Ҫ˷ʱŶӡ˵
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ң񹬵һĳԱͼ࣬ƽʱҲϻȥ򱦵ȡָĽ
Ҵǹȥֱ򱦵˵
Ƕл˾ˡҲûľ˾ȡ󣬿϶Ҫȥľ˾Ȼ빮һ²μӵڶ˵顣
Բڵһ̫á
ԡ÷ˣŹ޽򱦵ֱҵһ򱦵롣
ʱģȻֻйһˡ˾˾Ÿոɵߣֱҹ롣
λǰһĽȷʵҲҪԷšԴίʵ̫Ҳֻйʸнš
ԣԵһᡣ޶Ծ˵
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һԣɫЩΣû˵ʲôΪ˵ĻȷʵʵԼˮ˾ܵõİľ˾޷ṩġѡˮ˾Ҳ֮飬ܶԴ˷ʲô
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˾˵ûˮ˾ԾԣǱľ˾õѡ񡣡ЩΡ
ȴҡͷ
ľ˾һΪҵĳŵһ棬Ϊ˾Ϊءľ˾ľҲġٴθл˾ҵ̧ԵһαȽϼᶨ
ţðɣľݲûж
ԣллڿת뿪󣬹ϵĶԾԵ
˾ɲҪǷʲôЦЦ
˵һᣬߵ˲ˣ߹ȥ
޿ڵ
ǹ˾΢ЦӦλλϴŹʵľ԰ɣ
Ȼûɲع񣬿ɴʱȻ֪ԡ
ԼԹּ
ѽȻܻʲȷʵһֱ΢ЦȡλİɣƸҰɡ
ԽԼƣ˫ֵ˹ȥת˵÷ѣҲǲμӱѡο˳̭ͨߡ
ţҲһҰɡͷ
÷ͨԱӦȥȡģҲһ񾧶ѡ÷һˣҲ˳㽫÷ĽҲһ𷢷ˡ
÷æóԼƣȽԣȻԽ÷Ƶݸ
Ϣ֤󣬹㽫˵ĽͬϢĹƽˡ
˾һľ˾Ҫд仯ˣȹϲˡЦԹ˵
ллţоԵļ룬Ҳľ˾ҡϲõ
ȽæµԹ޼ˣҲûж̸ཻȡ󣬱뿪򱦵
ԣ߳򱦵һ㴫
תĿȥǼˮ˾Ľ㡣
΢΢һУŶԷ
û뵽һշܻʲʲȻҲһϾͨʵӦǲԣɸһսĿһɱȣžԣԷս


1000 ûȤ
üŽ㡣
ʱ򱦵⣬˿ɲ١Էս󣬸פ㣬Ŀ⿴
棬вٵһ˾˾Լλǰߡ
ԣɸһսƬ̣ûлӦ׷һ䣬ΪΧתս⼫ǿ
սԣ
ţڷս֪ԸҲӦս컨ߵߡ
ǾҲʲˣ㵱սӦûӦսɡ
ƺֿˡ
ܵӿ
ȴЦһ˼ûȤ
λ㣬ȻսڣܽսҽܣΣңʵܱʲǿһЩھԿܽҲûʲô˼
ʲֵʱ򣬾ϼûãͨҲûãʹҲѹʲ㣬ѹʲ
ѵǲҶսԾܾƺûԤϵ΢һ£ͱ˵
˵ˣûȤ㽻֡ҡҡͷ˾߰ɡ
ãӦ
תԶȥ
ҧҧžȥıӰԾܾսҲֱӶ֡Ȼռ񹬣ĹأҲ֪ġ
ִڣ϶ǲɱģҪȻˣɱųҰʲô
ԾȻܾ˽ս
飬²ǽĶ֡
ţ϶ǲҡܵΪԲ㽻ֶս

˾Ҳ֪Ǵӵ͵ġҺ֪ڣûͬһ͵֮Уʹޡ
ԾãԼǸ͵磬Ӧвٷߡս֮ǰЩʥ벽ߣûͨͨ硣
ôܿڣԼͬһ͵ߡУҲӴһ¡
ͬһ͵ߣüһ治֪͵̫̫ˡɳռڵ㣬ÿһڵ㣬͵硣
˵ţһǿԲ鿴ȥ²ͬϡ
֮ͬǰĳϡѡοѾȻҲʱˡͬһݣ²ϡ
ܲ鵽𣿡΢΢һ
Կڣͬһ͵ˣӦûϢ¼˳ҵټҪһЩʱɡϾ̫̫ˡ޵
ǵȥ鷳ͬˡԵͷ
ͬϼһϤûµģҪæҿɲӦ޺ٺһЦ
֮ǰӴԣҲΪͬĶϢ
˾һ¡ȥ²·ϣԿ˿÷ֿ࣬ޣ֪ľ˾ɵĳԱҪʲô÷ϣľ˾𣿡
Ȼʶʱ䲻ԻΪ÷ʲô
Ҳ˿÷࣬ҡͷ˵Ŀǰ˵̫ܡһʮ˾ɵĳԱӲҪеġһ˵ÿһ˾һѡοУֻԱ÷Щˡ
÷ǰǧûܽ롣
ʮ˾ÿһ˾ˣҲ˶ѡ
ôһ˵ȻҲˡ
Ը磬ڿ϶ûʸľ˾ġһŬȽǿˣﵽľ˾Ҫټ롣÷һ˵
Ե񣬳ݵζ
÷ѣҪŬˡЦЦ
÷Ȼʱ޷ľ˾ҵܰһæţðͬ²Ҹ÷ʤεĹ޿һº˵
⡭ǲǲ̫ãԵ
С£²Ҫ֡Ҫǣ²ܻõĳҲͣȼӲ١ң²ȫúܣھðաͬ˵
²ȷʵҪֹ²ûϵԲס
һԱûֻġһݺù׻á
²˼˰ͬڵ󣬰ͬûκԥʹӦæ֪ͬԴһ͵ġңͬҲ÷²һݹϡ
Ҳл빮˾뿪÷²ԣҲ÷໥ཻ˴ѶʯӡԺֱͨѶʯϵ
ԣһϢˣ̸ͬѶϢġ޵
ţżԵͷ
ľ˾һλòׯ԰һľ˾Աס


1001 Ȫ
ǳƯ
ľ˾ׯ԰ǾԵĵһ۸С
˾ˣ
ׯ԰⣬ޣ̹
޶˵ͷ˵ԣǵһľ˾ˡڶ֮ǰ
šԶĻ⡣
ׯ԰ǺܴģԸоӦ͵һСͳвࡣңׯ԰ڵҪׯ԰Ũ١ľ˾ׯ԰ȻҲоתԾ£ռڵ
˾ˣλľ˾ɵ𣿡һľ˾ִ£ԣ̾ʵ
ǰǾԣԺҲľ˾Աԣλǰִ¡ЦŽܡ
Եѡִ뾰ԴкתĿԣԿᣬֻǲ֪ʲôΪ
һΣľ˾ѡοˣɵʵΣ˾ı飬ϲõӣԣ᲻Ǵﵽţ
ǰִ¡ԻӦǰһߣҲˣ϶Զһꡣ
ǰִ£㽫ľ˾λִ¶е顣ɫǰԸ
ãȥ֪ͨǰһ£Ϊټִľ˾
ǰǺܿӦȥ
ԣȥõšľ˾һλִ£ܿͻᶼ޶ԾЦ
˽òδȶãľ˾ִ£½
ǰִ⣬λִ¿Ҳã¶񡣼ǰɫҲ΢仯
ãɲľ˾ͨԱܽġ˾˼˾ԣҲμµӡ
ѵˣʵĺǿ
ǰִ£ʱû뵽˾ټִ¹£Ϊ˾ԡ
ִ¶󣬹޽ǰˣһһԽܡ
λִºá΢Цк
˶Եͷ
Եѣѡľ˾ǵľ
ٺ٣Ժľ˾ĳԱ˳ͻˣҰͷ
ľ˾ǷǳŽġ
Եﰲǣȡմﵽڶ
⼸ִ£飬ûΪԳþвûԵ˼һִ£ԸǳˬҲΪ顣
ЩҲ˵ģϵĵͷ
⼸ִ֮ǰľ˾ׯ԰в֪ѡοеı֡Ȼ˾ɹǾԿ϶һЩ¡ԣǲûоþԵʵжǿ
Ҳϰˡ
ľ˾ھʮ˾бȽЩ컨ϵߣһ㲻ѡľ˾
˾һֱЦݣܺãǾþҲͨ˲ˣǿ컨
һ컨ţ컨ϾţǶľ˾Ҳǿϲġ
˾ˣλԵʵɣĿִ»һת˾ʵ
ˣҲһӾ۾Ŀ⿴ޡ
ֹǲǷǳ󡣡ǳãûֱ˵Եľʵ
ҽǹһ½ҪԵĽ޼˵
ʵԵĽ˾һ˾˵㡣Ϊؼִ£޻ǽĸ˶˹
˾ˣ£ͺãҪǰ˵
ľ˾һֱ³Ա³ԱĽһ׼ˡ
ǣ˾˾ͺˡ
ԵѣһҴѡסľ˾ׯ԰ڣкܶλüõķûʹáţȻҴһġЦ
ްڰִ֣¶ֹͣ˵
ΪԱȽ⣬⽱бȽϴı䶯ҡҡͷ˵Ҵ㣬ʮ񾧸ԡ⣬þȪ¡
Ȫľ˾ʥء
һľ˾ԱһֻȪһĻᡣľ˾ԱҲǲٵģÿһѡοˣۼͶˡ
ڵһͨԱУͻȻð˵ӶͻƵˣûһ꣬ľ˾Ҳῼɡ
ȻҲнڶģɵһľ˾ԱȻάһ˵Ĺģϡ
˾Ҳࡣ
֮Ȫʹ÷ǳšÿԱһȪһ죬ԵýšȪһҲͬʱһʹá
ʮ񾧣
Ȫ£
޵Ļִ£ֱӾɵˡ
ʮ񾧣ͺˡľ˾ɵ컨ϵߣһҲᳬʮöΣȻֱӾǽʮ񾧡
ʮ񾧻ʲôȪ͸ˡһԱһһȪǽӽһʱ䣬Ȫ°


1002 Ȧ
ǰһʱЩȦ۾˾޻оԡ
ݽȷʵЩ޷⡣ľ˾ǱȽģһҶȻҲɲ컨šԽɲЩţԽһѭ֪ڣû취ȥ
˾㲻ǿЦİɣѿ죬¶һѿЦݡ
Ծûκοֻ˾ԾԵĽȫǼ˵Ԥ롣Ƕʮ񾧣ǻǿܡʱȪˮ˾¶ܳ
һˮ˾ҲͲȪѡңǵһʮ˾֮ΨһӵȪ˾һȪѶǺܴģҪĴԳ֣û㹻ĳɼóЩῼǰľ˾Ȫ
˾ȵȱȽǿ˾ҲֻȪѡ
ǿڿЦ𣿡Ŀ˵
˾ˣ컨٣ǰʵ
ĲǰˣҲɻءΪǶԾûʲôӡ컨ǰţǲû˿ӡҲ˵Ծ컨ϵţҲܿ
ʱûе컨񡣡ҡҡͷ˵
仰ִ޷ˡ
컨ûеϣ˾ΪҪĽ
ѵ˵˾˽ӣ
ִ£໥һۡ
һֱ΢Ц˾ִ½ʱûв໰ܲקŵĶ⼸ִ˵Լǿ
ǽŵġ޿һۣ˵Ŀǰȷʵûе컨񣬲źܿ죬־ͻ컨ϡӦ֪ʲɣ
ʲ
컨ϵǸʲ˰ٶǸ
˾ˣôͻȻᵽʲѵ㽫ʲҲɽľ˾ˣ
ʲִ֣¶ơ
ȻûСҡͷ˵ʲǿλУûܽǰһ
ʲô
ôܣʲʵûλǰһ٣˵磬񰡣
ѵǡ˽Ǽ̬ɣ
ִھȺ󣬷׷˵
ʲûǼˣ˾ԡλ֮У뾰ԶսԾԽǰһ٣ʲûܽ롣˵
˻~
ĸˣһӱˡ죬ʵǹ˾˵£̫ˡ˵ʲ̫˽㡢۬䶰ɾǼ̬ţǵôᣬԣ
ԣľǣԲ۾ϢϢЩأžʡ
ҵľ絹ǲ̫ߣʲһֻ񡣡˵
񣿡
粻̫ߣ񣿡
ȥ
ĸִ£һʱڣʵڲ֪˵ʲôˡĸˣ񰡡
ԵȻʲͬսͱ뺷ˡʲھǰסԵĵͱ̨˶սֲһ
ԵΪ컨ǰһǧɵģǰٶûʲô⡣֮Ŀǰûܵ컨ҪΪմӵ͵޽һ䡣
ִ£ʱЩľˣоԼӶЩ⡣Уʣ˵͵շôȵȡ
ǵûٶʡԵʵģ㹻ˡ
ǶԾԵ̬ȣҲһӱ΢
֮ǰ˵۸ԣþﾰԳͷһЦ
˼ܽʲǿ̨Ҫһͷ
ڣҶҾԵĽ𣿡޿ִʡ
˶ҡͷ
ĴڣõĽٸߣҲΪȻȪʹһֱܽţľ˾뷽跨ȥ㡣
Ȼû⣬ǾȥŰɡ취ŵʹȪʹʱƺ˲̫⣬Ǿ˼빤޷Ը
ǣ˶Ӧȥ
ԣжʮ񾧣޽һָֽԣֵҴȥѡһסǺǣ֪϶ڵһ̫ãҪһס
л˾񾧵л
˳ãסȥ
˾ڶĿˣأ֮Уʵ
ľ˾ĳԱμӽڶˣҪȥ˲ϱϱҲҪһЩʱ䡣󣬿˲ˣοӦҪȴҵʱ䡣޽˵
֪Կ϶ᾡμӽڶĿˣ辰ԽȪʱ䣬¡


1003 Ч
񣬾вμӽڶ˵ʸ
һЩʵǿ񣬽ڶϣǺܴġԲμӵڶˣ϶ܹ˳ġ
뵽Բͣ޾ͿƲס˼ȡһԽڶɹľ˾ܵõٽ
ȵöһȪȻǴ񾧵Դ
ľ˾Ȫ˾˾ҲͲȥˡ񾧵ԴҲһЩǹ
˾ǻҪ鷳㾡ڿ˲˳˵
ûκ⣬ԺҾȥһ˿˲æͷ
Խڶڹ޶Ҳкô
ڵһ̫ãʱסĵطûʲôرҪѡһûʹõķȷס
˾ˣ
˾
˾˺ã
ڹ޴žѡסĹУľ˾Աˣæ޼ЩԱܹľ˾ɽȻҲǷǳģкܶ񾳽磬񾳽ҲС
һ·΢΢ͷӦ
ǸС˭
֪ûӦǸոɽġ
ţѡο˲ողŽˣ϶˾˸ɽġ
ƺӡ
ǰҪ˾ԴѡסأǸռľ˾ʱ򣬶ִġ

Щľ˾ԱԴžѡס׷׵ۡ
ԣסѾˣҴȥȪڽڶ֮ǰʱ䣬ȪſǡҪԾȹһ£ͻסķϢתĿԾ˵
áԵͷ

²ڣ
̫ϳϴˣͬͷǾη
ͬǰ̫ϳϣǼӽ
ӽͣЦ˵ؾҹ㣬һ֤
̫ϳʡͬæͷ
ڱѡο֮УһоԵַ߱ǳɫһ񡣶ҿıϣصϢȴǣոմӵ͵ͬ۾𣬶Űͬ
֪󣬰ͬ;ѡο˺Ҫġ
ԣȷʵǵ͵ոշģͲꡣ츳ǳֲݽ˵Ըյ磬˳ʱĻ֮ͬԼյϢޱӽ
˵ʲô仰ӽĿһâ
ʱ֮
⡭̫ˣ
һڵ㣿ûȰͬӦӽʡ
ſռڵ㡣ͬ˵
󣬰ֻͬоΧռ΢̧ͷӽ̫ϳʧ
ӽ񹬣ų⴫ֱӴſռڵ㴦񹬵Ľ
ܿͲˣδ˵ѡΪӰʯصӰǳ
ӾԽмأɫ֮ھܽӽʮʱ
̫ˣ͵磬Ȼܵĵطӽп̾Ϣһ

һľ˾Ȫ
ȪǺֻۣһģϿԶľ˾Աסķ󡣿ɾڣǣľ˾˵񾭡
ʹȪߣʱ䵽˱ͳ󣬾ڹ޵ע½С

Ũޱȵγ״·֣ܽ״С
ǲתķƺͨߵƤ͸ߵ塣
⡭սȪҲһ¡
ȷʵû뵽ȪڵȻŨ̶ֳȡϵͺܲˣȪȫȫȡ
Ｔ㲻ȥʵԼ
ֲã˾ǻȪֵطҲ̫ˡ̲ס̾
ңȪڲŨޱȵ֮ǳۡ״УĸԷǳɣ궼Ҫͷų
ʹ죬̫ʹˣ
ţץʱ䣬أɲ˷ѡ۾һת
ͻȻɫ΢΢һͷתֱӽǬС硣
Դ㣬ԼĻ֮ԴȪķˣʹû֮ԴЧԼ롣
УĦʱҲҪʹáʱ̫ˣʹĦʱнʱӳ
ɲز鷨׺ʱ򣬾ԾǬСԻ֮ԴĸȪڣԲŸʹû֮ԴĦʱǸӦû⡣֮ԴܸĦʱƵѵᱩ¶ɣ
óһЩ񾧣Ī˹
ˣĦʱתһȦ迪ڹ֮ڣʱٷı䡣
ףʱ١ʮһϲ


1004 
ʹ񾧴߶ĦʱЧȷʵá
ڵ͵磬ĦʱĴ࣬Ҫĵ̫ˡʹĦʱΪļΣҲüƷʯ߶ġ
ԸͲ񾧴߶Ħʱ
Ҳ͵磬õ񾧶ˣλľ˾ʮ񾧣þԲںһЩҲþķ֣Ħʱıʱٲǹ̶ġƷʯĦʱض屶ʱ٣һȴǴﵽʮʱ١
Ƕ߼أ
зᾧأ
ĦʱǿȻԹȥ֪ѹڵʿϴ˵Ħʱܶѵı
һ˼Ҳٵʱ䣬ʹû֮Դ
ԴԴϵĽǬС硣
ȻҲ񾧺Ͳ쵤̺
εľԣһ񾧺Ͳ쵤ЧѾǺǿˡڣĿǰӵеһ񾧺Ͳ쵤϶࣬Ȫ⣬ҲǿҪ
ľ˾Ȫ⡣
˸ոռľ˾ͽȪ
ôŶӣ
ⲻϹذɣ
һЩľ˾Ա¼ԱȻȪüЩ
Ҳûֱ˾޿顣
һǼûбͳǲЩסˡ
ǸˣôȪһ죬ʱ䵽˶ûбͳ
ѵˣʹȪʱ䳬һ첻ɡ
ԽԽ࣬ҲԽԽ
һ̲סʼľ˾ļִ¡
˾Գ棬ֻ˵һ仰
ܻ컨һǧ֮ڵʲҲʹȪʱ䡣޾һ仰
һ仰ЩһϨˡľ˾ĳԱʼھԵ֪ѡοϾʲǱ㶼ˡ
ģʵҪ˱죬ֻҪ㹻ʵͺס񹬣ľ˾һĵ
һº
Ħʱٵ£Ҳʮµʱ䣬Ρ
ķҲǳʮ֮ࡣнӽųɣǻԷ
ڻ֮Դ£֮ٶһ޷ġ
ʮ򣬾Լоһ˿Ծ
յĻԷ̫ˡ
ϣȥܿܳΪһвԼɳ
ѹ£һҧϵʱʹû֮ԴʼԷ
Ȼ˵һҪԷԷһҲ̫ܲ⡣

ʱ䣬ȷʵǳݡҪĦʱʮ٣Ǿ͸ˡ
Ħʱʱ֮£һʮµʱ䡣磬Ѿ񡣻һܽǡ
񣬱Ϊ߼ǵ֮䣬һȽѵϡ
Ҫ֪Щһ˾Ҳ񡢰ѡ
һˣѾǶѾǷǳŵˡ
ʱ伴ԴǬСɳȴűȪͳȥ
Ȼһһɿռ£ԱͳȪ
Ȫ⣬в˶ۼ⸽
˾ޣҲ
Ҳ׼ʱ䣬֪ԼȪͳԲŹš֮վǰľ˾ִ¡
˾λִ£˹֡
ԣ˶΢ЦĻ
ʲ
ţӦǲģôۿڶһ˾ʱڳ
ǿʵôôǿ˵ʲ񰡣⾰ԣͻʲ
ִ˵ǰѾڶˡʵʲ֮ϣ˾û⡣
ǰ˵˳ڶľ˾ҲǴ¡Ҵǰִ¿дһЩϢԺᡣڶ˵ľ˾ܶһȪ
ڶľ˾ԱԶžԣ໥̸ǿжȻӸ˵Իʲվǡ
˵ˣǾЩá
ԣʱȷˣ֮û⣿ǾòףԽʱӺ󡣡΢ЦŶԾ˵
󣿡һûʲô⣬Ǿμӵڶ˰ɡ
У׼һ¡ʵ϶û⣬ҪضԴ΢һ䡣
﷭飬ҲǾûСĽУʧܵһһ
֮󣬵һ˲
޴žԣľ˾ļִ£Ҳһͬڴ˷ܵǰ


1005 е
ղμӽڶ˵ߣɲֹǾһˡ
ͬľ˾˾޽һ˲ȴ˿ʼڹ۲УԼһͬμӿ˵м֮ࡣ
ھһԣϵı飬Цһ
ڶĽˣһһ°һΣÿһοˣμӵĳԱǲٵġÿһοˣһ²˲߲Ҫڳڶ²˲Ҳиֳ߲졣춼нˣǲܡ޶ԾԽ͡
ҲȻͷЩ߲㣬ܲÿ춼
еڶˣʵӡڵһ˲ڣһרõƽ̨
μӽڶ˵ĳԱֻҪһеǰյʱ䣬ͨˣ˳ڶ
ڿ˵Ϣ޶뾰ϸĽԾԶԽ˵̲˵ϤҲԲİ
ڵȴ֮У˲²쵼Ա½вˣ޶кΪһľ˾˾޻һЩģ²ͬϣ빮޵Ĺϵͷǳܡ
Ҳ˲ٵĿ⣬Щ֪ģ̲סԼĿɨ
ԴˣԵҲ⣬뿴ͿˣԼҲһ⡣
μӽ˵ĳԱ𣿡һѯߵˡ
زˣβμӽ˵ĵһԱһʮˣԵһȱϯһˣ̻ش
ܺã˼Ȼ룬ǾͰſʼɡӵ˵ͷ
ʼգ϶û̫顣ܵˣԴ˶ǳ
ԣǵڶ˲ˣݵλߡСԾԽһ䡣
ܿԵȲμӽ˵ĳԱǰ˽뿼˴
ûöʱ䣬Ե˾ͳһĴ֮С룬һ̨Ĳą̃𡣿Կ汻ֳɾŸӣ֮䣬һ㵭Ĺâֵ
Բ²⣬ǵطӦþǽʹǫ̃ҲΪ̨
ûȾѯߵĹޣһؽŲ󣬾ԾͿӴڲ⣬߳ŵɫӰ
еܣԶžŵɫӰ
Ӧþǻеˣէһòࡣ΢ϸܸоǲࡣ
ʿȣ̫ˣȫûȡҲǣʿƵġˣȻһλߣܱҪǿöࡣͷת
Ÿеܣֱ뿼̨ϾŸ֮վ
ԣǾǿõĻеܣǳ͡һ㲻һᵽϳֻҪһյʱ䲻̨˾ͨˡС˵
ľ˾ִ£ҲվھԺ͹ĸˣϣ˳ͨˣжǧҪ⡣
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˳һξˡڶ˲˵
ķԸһǰһӡߣǵһ˲ĲвϣžԵ˵ֵϡ
棬ֵˣϿ̨нˡ߿˵
Ÿμӽ˵֡
ȺУŸ˿ԾϿֱ̨һ֮ڣһеܡ
׼
ʱʼһ˵
ո£Ÿеܱ͵ĻӶž߷ееһһɫͷ
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еܵȷʵǿ繮˾˵ЩܣûʩչκѧҲٿط֮
Ĺھ˵ûκв˵һеܣͬʱԾŸеܣҲѹ
ȻеܶԾ˵ûʲôвɶЩһвɾʹˡ
һʮᣬʱǿһ̶ȣֶξͱúֻܴǿҲܽЩԲٿطʹѧߴ
Ȼսոտʼ֮һյʱ䣬һǱĴ̨
ɱֲ̫ˣʵʵȫеܾ鲻㣬ϿܱȽϽţŵڼ̵ʱڿʧܣֻȻ˳뿪̨
ԣоΣ޿ʵ
ҡҡͷ
޶ʱһϢЩ仯˵ûо԰ǧҪţЩеܾǿ죬ܱܾͱܣֻҪһյʱͺá


1006 ̫
޸Գıˡ
ʵǣԲμһνܷͨԵһľ˾ϵش
޵ȻҲ֪ʵǿʲܣҲĿáǣѼҲܷˡʱȾԼҪš
еӵģǲμӽ˵ߴˣŪҲǿʧܵġ
ô˵ЦЦ
˾㲻˵ǣĺˣҵĽ˲⡣ҡͷ˼˵ЩеܵĹʽڼ򵥣ûʲôвԽ˵
ͺãͺáҪһЩǡɳһ
ˣѰ߶ԣȷʵô򵥡һŸߣ˶ûܼյʱ䡣μӽ˵ߣʧʽӽһ롣
ǵڶ
˽̻Ǻܿģһʱʱ䣬ʹԼа˸εɽˡһξˣ˸ξʮˡ
ڽ˽еĵʱϳ
޺ľ˾ִ£ֶԾԶһˣе񣬿žԵϿ̨һӡ
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λĿҲھԵϡѡοϵı֣ȻǴĶУҲ֪ԵĴڡ
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ʲһǧȷģʲӦҲûйˮһʱ䣬ʲֹһطԣҪҾԱȻǲıԻܡ˵
ţе˼ɣ⿼̨ϵıΡ˵ͷĿӾԵƿ
ͬʱڳµˣҲڵۡ˵ֵˣȷʵ١֮ǰû˵ԣطֻҪ΢һ̸ۣҲ֪ѡο֮еı֡
һŸ񣬶ſ̨ϵľԡ
пųɷ֣ǿǿڿ̨ϵı־֪ˡǽʧܣǲȤأ˵
ǰǽڶʧܣǿɾͶˡ̧ôߣһӵ۵ġǺǣʱ򣬵Ҫϼһʲô顣һ²ĸ߲㿴ľ˾˾ޣЦ˵빮޹ϵá
ʱʼŵһ˲ͳ
̨ϣŸеܣҵķ
һеܵĹûóֻҡҡͷŻӶͷĻе赭дĳһơ
̬ȫ˶΢΢һ㶡
⿼̨ϣԻеܣôģɲ
ڶ˲üͷҲ̫ԴˣҲˣɾȻĳһƣƺûвٿء
䣡
һĳܿʹһ졣ǻеܣ̵ֱӾͶԭأţӵĻеܣֱӵ˳ȥûκε
еܣֱӷɳ˸ӣ⻹㣬еڿ׳һߣ䵽˿̨֮⡣
飡͵ݺڴĵϡ
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еܵû𣬲ҲûмϿ̨
ЩеܣȫȣûԼ˼άġǵĲϷǳ̣Ҳ˽ڶߡ
վڿ̨ϣ̵ƣϴŵ΢Ц
ɻеܣûʹѧûвٿطȫƾ
ԵͺֲܿټѾ񾳽磬ķһеܣ̫ˡ
Ե

е˿̨ôһơ
µĹޣ̲סȭף
ˣԵĽ˳ˡƯͨˣֱһ˲ʷᡣսȻǳݣɾԳƵǾޱȡ
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ãȥͷת뿪˿˴
⡭һ˲Ĳ˿ԣֿڶ
˵ʵεһ˲Ҳ֮ˣδͨ˵ķʽһʱ䣬֪ôˣǲûеܻص̨ϼ뾰Զսǣֱͨˣ
ͨڶ˲һԥ˵ͷ˵
ԣͨڶˡٴο˵


1007 
һ˾ׯ԰⡣
һӰҴұ۶ׯ԰Կзŭı飬ŭ֮УһЩҡ
˾ˣ˾ֱִ˾סķᣬվкһ
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ΣʵǸͨûУ
ͨˡ˲Ѿ˳ڶִµͷ˵
ɶ񣡡ݺݵһȭ
ʵԴԤϣԾԵʵڶʧܵĿԲ󡣿ɵ˵˲ѾԽڶѹסеķŭ
ŭ֮󣬱һʧ䡣
һΣҪ군ˡԽڶһľ˾ضõ⽱࣬ضᾭ߲
һʱ䣬һֱڵ˾ִ³ؾ׷ھԵ顣ѡο˽¹ȥؾִ´ȴûٴѶ
һֱؾִ½¸ˣɾԽɹľ˾õܿóؾ˵̶𵱳ķԸ
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ִ£㿴ľ˾õȪļж󣿡һľ˾Ա׷ʡ
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Ȫϵش󣬽üߣҪ߲Գ֣Ժ˵ǱôңҲϣǵһľ˾ܶһȪŰ˵
ϣܽһȪ
ǰȪЩľ˾ԱһȪĻˣҲһ롣

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ٶˣɹģԼֻǿһ롣
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Щոսߣ϶ǲἱŲμӽˡ
ϲǣɹͨˡڣǾǵڶԱˡԺұǽ񹬵ڶˣǵڶ˲ҡұһЩЦ⣬ԾԵͨ˵˵
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ҵͷһ˲²ˣеڶ²Ա鷳λɹĳԱƽһ°ɣ
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λִ£Ǿȱɡֶľ˾ִ¹˹֡
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ǲᣡЦŰ֡

֮£һٶɹߣ뿪˲Ŵ͵ǰȥ
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ÿһǶģҲӵ㣬Ǵ͵㡣ӵһڶߴӵڶһҪӴ͵㴫͡
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Ȼ񹬹Ǹεģ϶ǲҪʹô͵㡣񹬶֮£뵽ʲôطҲһͷ顣
λǵڶˣͨ͵Ҷ˵
ԵһٶߣתĿܡ
ڶȷʵȵһŨܶࡣ֮⣬ǿ
ԵһٶߣȻǵһνڶڶ߿ʱһһûȨڶġ
ȴǰڶ²ǵϢתȥȻǸƣʽΪڶԱˡµƣǿͨ͵صһ˵š
ڶĸֻһ̫ϵת̣Ҳӣʱ󣬾Ե˱㶼ƣȻȥ򱦵ȡڶĽÿʮһ񾧡⽱˵϶࣬ʤޡ
ڶĳԱÿ궼ȡԴһöһ񾧡
ӿ˲Ծͱˣ
վǰģǵڶ˾˾мʮ֮ࡣԸоڶʮ˾һ˾˾ˡ


1008 ľ˾
ⳡ棬Զһ
Щ˾Ϣǹͨġ
ֵܣֵܣ
һˣƴҪǰ档˾Ҳûһʡ͵ĵƣͲ˳
û취ֻüֵܣڵһľ˾Աǵڶľ˾˾ְϲܰ
һҪڶľ˾ڶľ˾˾ֽš
˾Ծֵɨӭ

˾֯һƬþͷЩ
ڶ˾һ˾Ȼÿһ˾һϵģҲԶġڵһ˵ԣǵһľ˾Աɽڶȫѡ˾ġ
Ҳ֪㣬ᵽҲʾϣܼڶľ˾⻹ҪԼѡ񡣵ڶľ˾ĵλڵڶ˾֮УҲǱȽϵ͵ġ
Ҳû취
һ˾˵Ǵ¥ĵػһ˾ǿǵڶȵȶӦ˾ҲȽǿϾڵһˮ˾ֻҪ츳ɫһͲڽڶˮ˾ѡ˾
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Щ˾ҲֻεЦЦ˵λ˾ֱǸڵһľ˾ԱԵڶȻľ˾
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ڵһľ˾Ȼֻ£ɾԶľ˾ӡ󻹲ûзʲô顣ڶҲûҪȥıʲô
˵ˣڵڶҲ̫ãᾡ
ڶľ˾˾֣ԵĻʱϲһƺɢԡ
ֵܣһ;У֪㲻ǹӲŵˡðǳãߣȥľ˾ڳ˳žԾߡ
˾Ҳ޷ֵֻĿ뿪
ޣʲô츳һ㣬һʲô˲ġߣ˾治ں˾˾žԵıӰһڡ
˾ˣҲ١֮ǰϣɾԵʱǷǳһʧܣϾͻһ

ڶ˲˵ֻһٶҲ̲סݡ˵һƽеܸķˣĿжʱŷһ⡣
˼֪ҲȥˡЩڵ˵
ͬʱһ򱦵룬ҲһѶϢϱڵһľ˾ѶϢԵĽ̫ˣԵһľ˾Ľǵһ򱦵ܾġ
ѶϢܿ͵˵ھŹ
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ձ׼ɡһ˰۾˵
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ǰ⾰ԣ̫ˡã񹬶ûֹˡ˵һʮ꣬
һȪĽǲٵˡţȪ֮⣬뻹һ񾧰ɣľ˾һֱƫһ˴һԣҪˡȻ޷ˮ˾ȣһⲻ󡣡ӽ̫ϳ˵
ҪһȪһ졣
˺İ⼤Ļƣǹ͸Զµģǻǰִаɣ
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һȪһ񾧣һĶҩݽλΣӽ΢̧Ŀ˵
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ҶûĻôִаɣҴѶһ򱦵Ĺ룡ӽվ
һȪһ񾧣һĶҩ⽱ʵǲ١
ӽ̫ϳϵĴѶܿ͵˵һ򱦵
뿴ݽҲǰпһ
˾һΣҪüˡľ˾Щ꣬ȷʵףһξԵĳ֣ù˾ľ˾ˡ˵
ˣľ˾ĽѾоˣڹǰһ򱦵ĳϣһ˵
ţˡҰϣȥ֪ͨ˾ȡ˵
УȥһˡҰͷת˳ȥ
һľ˾˾ޣִ£мԱڵȴ
ʱҲ޷ˡ
Ƕڴţǵľ˾һνõĽ
˾⽱öòȷΪС
˵ЩĴæǿܵõʱŻ顣Ҳûס
ľ˾ľ˾δõҪܾĽһĽһ򱦵ֱӷˡ˵ǧ굽һ˾ڶĳԱҲǶʮһ񾧰ˡ
ϣȷ
ҲûãĵȣЩУҲֻ΢С°ˡִ۵


1009 µĽ
һľ˾޵˴ʱûʧҲпԭʵǴδɹôɫţȻò˼飬Ⱥ¾ȻҲ䵽ľ˾ͷϡ
ȥһľ˾ɵɫԱ컨ҲܸߣҲһǧꡣ
ľ˾򱦵õĽƽʱŸǼԱԵ׽󡣾ҩԶԶЩǿ˾
˾жԼҩҩҲǲĽҩ࣬ǳĲϼֵۼҲǲ͵ġ񹬶ҩĿҲǺϸģһ£Ͳάҩ˾
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޵ˣ΢΢һ½߳
ǶҰϰ޼ˣǵһ򱦵Ұϣæּ
˾ҿҪϲˡҰһ΢Ц
빮ûʲô˽ҲûìܳԹ̬Ȳ磬ȴҲܿǣһľ˾ȻӴҪһˣľ˾ˣ˾λȻҲˮǴߡ
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ڵõϢһʯͷڿ¡
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˾һ񾧣һ¡ǰĶҩһԸȥŽľ˾óһöָֽݸޡ
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빴ֺ˼䣬ޱǡ
ľ˾Ҫˣ

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ֵܣǵڶľ˾ˣڶľ˾˾֣뾰һͬľ˾ׯ԰֮⡣
һľ˾ṹû
ڶľ˾˾֣Ҳִ̽¶˹뾰ʶЩˣԾԶǳǶѾ֪˹ھԵ
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Լڶľ˾ȻҲǿԵõ⽱ġó˾Ѿִ
ֱӶԾ˵ֵܣ˵ǵڶľ˾һľ˾࣬ȽԣҲԺһЩľ˾Ըʮһ񾧽Ȼ࣬㻹Ȫʱ䡣
ΨһõóֵģҲȪʱˡ֪һľ˾͸˾ԽȪʱ䣬һҧҲôˡ
л˾лλִ¡ԶԽûʲô
ƺûжԽֵҲ΢΢ɳһ
鷳˾һ¡Իһת


1010 ĿҪԶ
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ֵʲôҪֻ˵ֻҪضƴǡȻϰµģϵû¶ֲ
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ڲ˵ĽԲδκβҲ㣬ڵڶ̫õʱ䡣
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ȷʵû뵽Ҫ鷳¡ǰæˣǲԸ⿴ġԽ͵ڶľ˾ôԽ
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ˣԶԲֹ˹֡
ǰסȻֵµľ˾ԱʹȪʱ䡣
ڶľ˾ҲֻһȪҵڶľ˾Աһ㲻ȵһľ˾١ȪʹãҪȵһľ˾΢һЩ
һڳµʱ䣬ǲסҲѹֶ֣Ծ˵ʹȪҪı顣
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ǰͲܽĿųԶһҸոյõһ޵ĴѶһľ˾ѾȷõһȪһĿ̫ǳı顣

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⡭ִǣĿⶼ˲ˡ
ԲŶꣿ갡һ꣬Ҳꡣ˵츳һ꣬ѵܽ𣿺ߣҲӦ֪ڶֻ߽Ҫһǧ꣬ǾпܽȪģһ˵
ڶȻȵһڶҪѵöࡣ
һ߽ڶ꣬ڵ˾ͿܵõȪڶ߽ϾͿ޵һǧꡣ
˾ֻҪܽģǶж⽱˵ڶľ˾һһǽɹľ˾ܵõԼʮһ񾧵Ķ⽱


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ǹСģǳ۷Ź⣬һ˵һ߶Ʊһ
ǳ찡ƣǺöϧ̫ˡǳ촽δ˵
С֪ж󣿡ҶҲǰһƶȥ
ƣȷʵǼ󡣾һСǼֵ°һ񾧡
ǳٺЦһ
ɫ΢ü˵Ҷˣ˾Ϊûɾԣ
ԣҶҲüͷЩɻĿǳ
㲻˰ɣڱѡο˿ʼʱҲ˵һӣǳ۾Բ
ŶˣȷʵһоԵģ˵ʲڷ׺Уﵽ֣壬һһ͵Ҷ˻Ȼĵ˵ͷ
˵ʵδ·ϡʱõǳĴѶҲԸ˾ĳؾִȥ¡֮Ҳͽ¸ˣû


1011 
Ҷȷʵûн·ϡ
ѡο˰һΣÿһ쿼ϣмӡڼⷨں϶һǵǿԹעһ¡ɽ壬δܴﵽ
ҶĽӽεǿ߶ԣȷʵʲôΣһαչȥֹһʱ䡣
Ҷˣʲô˼
⴫Ѷ㣬ѵѹû⣿ǳ۾ɵøˡ
ô᣿㴫Ѷң̾зԸȥ˾ĳؾҲʶɣҽ£ȥˡҶ˵
԰˼Ǹû˾Ҷ˻عζˡ
ǽ˾һôϻ𣿡ǳҡҡͷؾôģһţȻûܰסǱľ˾
ûɾûɰɣ޹صС°ˣôʲôҶ˲İڰ֡
޹أ
˾Ȼɱˮ˾Σ˾˾ԣֻò˶ã˾ˮ˾ˡ٣Դϲˮ˾١ǳε̾Ϣһ
ҪΪԽڶ˳ɹüλԵһľ˾飬ǳҲ֪Ǳľ˾ˡ
ľ˾ʱ򣬸ǳ̫ϳҲμˣԲ֪˾ûܳɹɾԡţ˸ʱ䣬Ҷ˾˾ѯҶôġ
˵ʲôҶ˵üͷ
˵ʲôΪҳԱ˳ŵģǾȷʵɫһû̸һСС񣿡ǳƲ˵
ǰգҺӽǼϣԵһľ˾Ľ⽱֮УһȪһȪҲˣ⾰Խڶּľ˾ҿò˶ãڶľ˾ҲһȪľ˾Ĺľ˾ǳһ
ѩһȪ˵ɴӵһ߹оʮ˾⾰һֱһֱľ˾ǽһ߹ľ˾ܿܶһȪ
ľ˾ͳ׷Ա˾˾ˡ
ʱҶҲˡ漴Ŀ¶ŭɫ
ֻͨţҶȷʵ⣬ûм˾ǣһܹ˾׳󵽿ˮ˾ţܲ⣿
ৣҶֱӾ뿪
ڰ˹˾˾
ڰ˹ڣҲоʮ˾˾˾ûͨԱǸ˾쵼Ա
ؾ٣˾˾Ҷһŭȡ
˾֮ڵĳؾŵһ£Ȼ˾Ҷ˵˾ִ£Ҳ΢΢ɫСĵ˳Ȼ˾еǳؾִ£еķŭ˭
˾ŭˣЩִ£зֺĲ
ؾҲӷ߳˾Ҷ˾ǰɫʵ̫ÿ
˾ˣؾЩľսĹ
ؾ٣ôµģҶȷʵǳŭȫûиؾӵ˼ֱӵھͺǳ
ؾ٣ȫһͷˮѹ֪˾ΪζŭɻȴֲϸѯʣֻΨΨŵŵӦǡ
㣬ѡο˵ʱһ£ôģҶ˱֣ͳʡ
ѡοˡ
ؾ΢һ£Ȼ˾ڱѡοڼ䣬ֻһ¡ȻҲû̫⣬϶ǿµġ
һоԵˡؾºҲһ¡
㸺ȥɾԣأ㣬ɵҶϣһɺصѹ͵ͷųؾ϶ʱˮ
ǿ󣬼ֻͷųѹҲס
ҡѾѶһ˾ˡؾٴʱʮ˴ʺһ顣
ߣȥ飬ô¡ǸоҶ˿ƺƽ˲٣仰ʧڳؾٵǰ
ô°
˾ôôƢ
ؾִ£ղ˾˵һˣ⵽ʲôԣˣ˾˾ִ£ʱŸǰ׷ѯʳؾ١
֪Ǹ쵰ؾҧһһ˿ͨ͵ǰһ
ؾٵ˵һûֱȥ˾ǵ²һԵô¡
˾ˣΪζġ
ھԵϢܿͲѯˡͬʱҲˣ˾Ϊλᶯŭˡ
Ǹ
⾰ԣֱһһٶ꣬Ȼ˵ڶ񹬣жûˣ
ǸһС¶첻ãҪã
˾ԳؾٷǳؾȻҪŭйϡ


1012 ȥڿ
һ˾ׯ԰ڡ
˾мִ£սսԴ˾ִ³ؾ٣ǰָ㵽ϡ
ؾŭˣֱŭɶһ˾ͨԱܻ䡣
ڲԶͨԱĿһĻ
Ҳŭӣұֳ˾ִ£ݵλʵڸ̫̫߳ˡʵϡ˾ִ£ٶ̤εǿߡ
˵ؾһͷŪ£Ȼұ¶κεĲ
ʵһʱ䣬һֱڵľ¡û뵽ĵĻˣұеĻҪҵöࡣ
ڿʼͲҪεһ˾˾ˡһй֮󣬳ؾٵıƽǣƽ֮£ſʼ
һ£ʶؾٵ˼
εһ˾˾
ؾ٣ҪԼڵһ˾ְ
ǿҵĲڳؾ쵼һ˾ôΪ˾˶ߣ
˵Ͼͷˣ
ԼûйͣҲпͣ˵ҪͲҪˣ
ؾٴˣ㲻ôҧҧȻǲġ
ŶؾЦһ
㵱ҪɾԣѾ˵ȥˡǣԼѡľ˾ʲô취ѵҪͷ𣿡Ҳȥˡ
ǺǡؾٿĿһ˿⡣
ɾԣ뾰ԽӴʱʲô̬ȣΪûе𣿵ʱǾԼͳ˶Ŀðɣ裿㻹˵㰴ҵķԸȥɾˣؾһ˵һЦ
̧ͷ˿ؾ١
ٴҧʱҲ֪ؾٴڴѶ֮Ҳûиһ㡣
֮⣬ؾҲΡ
˵ҪҵְҲǴһ仰顣ǳ׻ȥˡ
һ˾˾ְֱɱܡ
㻹治İҾ͸㣬ɾԵ˾µġְҲ˾˵˼ţģ㲻˾Ժ㻹˾ĳԱ׼һ£Ժȥڿɣؾٵƽ
˭óؾٵŭ𣬱֮ǰҪǿҡ
Ȼײؾ١
ʵʵϴǳؾ٣ȥڿ󡣿ڣǰЩóؾ޷ԭˡ
·ȫһ̱գ˶ˣ̱ڵء
һ֪군ˡ
ɾԣȻ˾µ
ؾ뿪ˣ۾նʧĿǰ
ҪȥڿˣûˣܾȵⱲӣܶҪڿˡ

ʱҴңԴӵڶľ˾Ȫڳ֮
磬Ȼͣûܽǡ
̤ΣѶ΢еεľԣ񾧵ٶ̫ˡڼν֮УԵõһ񾧣֮ޣһٶʮһ񾧣Ȼļ࣬ʱҲá
ҪǣЩ̫ʹû֮ԴյĻԷ̫ߣԽָоԽԡҲģǲԿƣԼܻܿ߻ħ
һνȪԼûʹû֮ԴĦʱʱ٣Ҳ͵ʮµʱ䡣
ȪʱȻûɹ񣬿Ҳﵽٽ㡣
׼׼һЩʱȹΪɽг̡
һǿɾǸ߼ˡһ˾˾Ȼ֮ڣҲʲôǿߣĴ֮һ
棬һ߼ǾǴ
ֵܣ
ԴȪã־Ц˹
˾Դк˵
ֵܽϲܼɣȪоΣЦеʵ
оܺãȪ£Ǿ͸ˡ΢Ц˵
ԵĻֶʱɫһڣ·һ㣬һѪ
˾˲ؽţǿЦġԽְڰ˵
Ҳ֪ȪʹúܽţܸԼʹ£ֵѹԲСԼҪʹ£̫ǿˡԣҲȷʵڿЦ
ֶʱɳһظֵܣҪˡ˵Ȫȷʵľ֮أټľ˾ǻʹȪʱ䡣ǵľ˾ȻҲȽڲȪ˵ôš
ţԵͷףǰʾڽҲľ˾


1013 ˮ˾
˼䡣
ɫʵ˾ˣ˲Ǳ߿Ϣ
֪Ե˼ѯʹ˵
ҡҡͷ˵δϢݹľ뱨μӽˣʱҲһҡ
ţżԵͷ
ʱһӰٱܹ
֮⣬ЩҵĽк˾ˣ˾ˣ
Щ쵰սˣǵڶľ˾ԱΪ
ЩĶɫһ䣬Ŀзŭ⡣
˾ˣô죿˵˵ľ˾ԱȫǷ˵˾ڹ꣡߿˿֣һЩԺͲֶ
˾ô£ü֡
Ҳʲô£һȺΪǵĻ˶£ÿ춼ľ˾ׯׯ԰󡣡ҡҡͷЩε˵
£
ôӣҵľ˾ׯ԰£Цһ
ľ˾ھʮ˾֮ȻȽɺôҲǾʮ˾֮һڲԱʵ˵ǱȽǿġһҲǺƵģ츳ʵȽһ㣬ڶѰûлʮ˾ġڶ˾Ҳɳߡ
Ȼڶľ˾ʱ䲻㳤ɾҲ֣ڶľ˾ڵĳԱ඼񣬻Ѿ̤εġ
ˮ˾ˣȻľ˾񾳽ԵĻƲƲ˵
ˮ˾ٴü
ţȷʵˮ˾񾳽ĳԱһӦʶһͬμѡο˵Ľ㣬컨ǰ֮ڡֵͷ˵
㣿Ҳڶˣ
ѾڶˣҪһ¡ڵһͼˮ˾ڶȻˮ˾ְ˵ʲô£ǾԲҴľ˾ģҲѣˡ
Щˡ
ԭû£ڿԼһЩڵһʱԼսԼܾˡ˺ܿǲģԵ˵ڶľ˾ׯ԰ơ
˾ˣںܶ˶ڿЦľ˾֮⣬мǧڶΧۡһ
һʱ䣬ľ˾ĳԱû뿪ׯ԰ֻҪһȥڱָָ㡣Щûм˾ߣǲĿŵĵȡЦЩ˾ߣûô˼ˣľ˾ˡ
ʱ䣬ȷʵ̫һЩ
˾ˣˮ˾ĳԱ˺֣ǵڶˮ˾˾Ͳܹ𣿡ҲһЩŭ
Ȳ˵ºܿԼйأ㲻ԼģԼϾҲľ˾ĳԱľ˾裬Ȼ޶ԡ
׿Ǹ϶

˵Ĺ׿ǵڶˮ˾˾
ôȥȷʵľ˾Ӱ졣ϵһ¹׿ɡ̾Ϣһ˵
ʵϵ׿
ˮ˾ĳԱľ˾ׯ԰ľ˾ȴǲҶⱾЩҲס
Ƶû취ȻҪϵԷ˾Լ˾˽лȥ͸Ӷˡ
µƺҲ̬չȥľ˾Աȷʵû뿪Լׯ԰ˡ
ѣֻȷӡֽѶʯȡ׿Ѷ˵һϣ׿ԼһԼ˾ĳԱ
ˮ˾ׯ԰֮ڡ
Ǻǣϼһס˰׿һϮɫֵۣĴѶЦ
ҪԼˮ˾ĳԱ
϶ԽԽûˡ׿ҡҡͷ
˾ˣ֮ǰǺܵǸԣľ˾ˣûж⣬԰͡Ӧ˰ɣԼľ˾˸ԣˮ˾ǰȻһˮ˾ִЦ˵
϶ȷʵЩˣѹһѹǲеġ׿˵ţ㴫ѶϢ֡
ߣ̽ӵ˹׿ѶϢ
׿˾ˮ˾ĳԱôľ˾ׯ԰Уֱ±ǡˮ˾ĳԱûôľ˾ׯ԰ҲΪ˾Աд裬Ҳһ°˫кô׿ȻûԼˮ˾Ա˼
ѶϢֵҪڳˮˡ
Գ洫ѶˣⱾǱȽϵ͵̬ˣ˵ˣɹ׿ȻķӦ
嶼
ˮ˾ĳԱֻľ˾ׯ԰󣬲˾ȻԼȥЩ쵰ʰˡ
ˮ˾˾ˡЦЦЩ䡣
˾ȥɣ˵һ䣬ȥ


1014 Ǿ
ľ˾ׯ԰⡣
緽ԣׯ԰֮⣬ȺһƬ
ׯ԰ߣľ˾ߡľ˾Աŵģǵڶˮ˾Ա
ˮ˾Ⱥǰվĸˣһ뾰һͨѡο˵Ľ㡣
ڸԶǴΧȺˣи˾ĳԱǵڶͨߡ
ʱˮ˾Ĳ˿ڳԣˮ˾ͷڹȵ֮಻
ľ˾ȻҲվûе˼ڽľ˾˿ս϶㡣
ǰֵ鷳һáԼľ˾˶ׯ԰ţվں˵
˻ͷǾԡǴˣҲѾԣҴ˾ִ¿֪츳ߵţռ񹬲ã˳ӵһɹڶ
ԣǿԣ϶ܿвˣ뾰Դк
Ⱥÿһ·þԴйȥҲȺǰ档
ʱھԸļľ˾ԱŲӺˮ˾⼸ƤȻȽϺ񣬽ȫľ˾ǲǲӦսɤǡ
λʦ֣ȲҪǶԿһЦŶԸ˵
˵Ǽ˶תĿԡ
Ǿ԰һЦ˵
Ҳ΢ЦͷԷʲô˼
ڽҪľ˾д衣һ˵
㿴վǰǼˣʵֲܿˮ˾ȷʵһ㡣ʼļ죬мʦֵҲǶսˣϧȫܣ˱˵ġһҡҡͷ˵
ˮ˾Ŀǰȷʵľ˾ǿһЩԵͷ˵
Ŀǰ˵ˮ˾Ǿʮ˾ǿģǵһڶǵĹȵȡһ㣬Ҳϡ
ˮ˾ȷʵǿҲ̫ˣľ˾šЩĻ쵰ӽʵǿˣһǺݺʰһ١һҧгݵ˵
ʰǿɲףʵǿˣǼ쵰ܻǿһε˵
˵Ҳǣ֮ǰ˸Цһ򲻹ǣҲľ˾ͷߣǣҲػˣ˭˭
ż˵ĻҲֻҡͷ

λʦ֣˾ǾԣոճǸ㿴˾ԣָžԣߵļ˵
ǾԣߵĿԡ
˵츳ȴߡһЦ˶˵⾰Ժҵ뿴жߣƾ츳ٸߣǰҲùԹԹ·䡣
˼Եǲм
ԣ㵹Ǹ¶ͷ˰һΪҪһֱľ˾治¶ءЦһԾԺ
㣬Ҷսƽ˵
Ǻǣս𣿳ͷڹ꣬㻹ʲô㼥˵ڵһʱ㲻Ҷսضҡ㾰ԣһͷˡ
ԾԵԹȻܴ֮ˣΪ˶˵ԲǱѡο˵һţֻŵڶ˵ý㼫ŭһֱģʱҾԶսܾ֤ͨԼǱѡο˵һˡ
΢΢Ŀ⣬ɨ㼸ˡ
㣬ȻսҽվͳȫˡԵȻƽ·ûΪŭ
ֻǣƽȴýķŭ̬·ȫû
߽ʦ֣
߽ʦ֣

ʱ򣬾Եȴһ궯
Ҳһɫ߳֡ޣȴһֺصĸо
񣬶ӦǺǿ
ԣλľ˾ı߽ʦ֡ߵһˣԾԽһ䣬߽ʦ֮ǰڱչӦǸոճء
ھԴ߽ͬʱ߽ĿҲھԵϡ
ľ˾˶Ա߽̬ȿ߽Ӧǵڶľ˾ǿߡ
Ǿʦܣ߽ԾЦЦ
߽ʦ֡Թ˹֡
ʦܲضҷųؾ˾˵㣬֪ľ˾һš߽ԾҲܿ
ʦˡǫһ䡣
ʦܼľ˾ʱ䲻ã£ɡ߽￴ˮ˾ˡ
߽㵹ǿϳ˰վڽˣ߽һ߽֡ȻǱȽϴġ
٣ˮ˾ĳԱҲӱ߽
ʵϣ߽ȷʵǿڵڶľ˾Լ֮ǰ߽ǵڶľ˾ǿĳԱ
ö˵ϻǼȻҪд裬ұ߽ľ˾žǣ߽һ֣˭
̤Ҳˣȴס˽㡣


1015 
ס㾹˿ûŭóҲΪء߰ţص߾Բࡣ
ʦ԰߽꣬ɲô׶ԸһսԳֶԸɡ߽ȴǶߵĽ˵
Ϻʦֵġͷ˵
߽ｻ֣ȤսģǾԣΪһѡο˵һͷܾͨԣЩɵ˱졣
ˮ˾ϺҪˡ
Ϻ߽һսпͷˣ
ǰ߽ǵڶľ˾ǿӵܡϺӣǵڶˮ˾ǿӵܡ
ľ˾ôˮ˾ȣ
ľ˾ȷʵ޷ˮ˾Ტۣľ˾ı߽ȴǷǳǿġһս˭ʤ˭ܣ治˵һڵڶ˼ҡͷ˵
߽ʵôǿڶʱȽ϶̵ߣԱ߽˽ⲻࡣ
Χ۵ߣĿ¶⣬̸ۡ
߽һʱûˣ˵һֱչͻƣ֪ʱջ񣿡Ϻǰű߽Цͳ
żԺ֪ˡ߽ͬǰȥ
߽ʦ֣ݺݵᣬ֪ľ˾Ǻǵġ
ԣľ˾б߽ʦ֣ˮ˾Σˮ˾۸ǣһſ£һЩľ˾ӵܣ׷׽
ЩˣԱ߽Ȼġ
ĬȻվԭأű߽Ϻض
䣡
еˣͬʱʹõȻǳģû̫
ٶȼ죬գʱھѾֶΡŷǳǿҵķѹ
߽ʦֵĶ֣Ҳǿ󰡣۶ˡ
ȻǺǿģ˽Ϻأǵڶˮ˾֮ڣĿǰǿӵܡһԵڶԾ˵߽ʦֿ϶һս߽ʦֱʤɡ
Цŵͷۿ˵Ķս
̽Թ˵Ľ֣ӼҺͷѧײ޴졣˸оһƬռ䶼𶯡
ڿռȶ̶ȣǷǳֲġ͵Ŀռ䣬ȫ޷ȡҪݻ񹬵Ŀռݣһ񶼾⻹ǴڲƻǴⲿǿµܻ񹬵Ŀռݡ
߽Ϻ˽֣ȴһƬռ䶼΢𶯡ɴ˿ɼ˵ʵȷʵǼǿԶԶѰ
Բü˵ʵΪûȥ߽Ϻߣ϶¡
ھ˼֮У߽ĹǿȣͻȻȵԭƾеľ棬Ҳ֮ɱ߽ռݾԵϷ硣
߽ʦ䣬Ϻأ
ľ˾ˣ˫ĿŹ⣬ܵĻֱۡ
ͨһ
߽ʹһͨ
ٿϺأڱ߽ʹ֮ͨϺؾȻδԵûҡ෴ģ񣬸
߽Ȼ˵ڶͨϺصͳ
ûȷʵ˵ڶͨգҪҵС߽͵Ĵ߶Ȼ˵еĹ˿ûܵӰ졣
ЦΪ˵ڶܻͨϺأǰУȻСϺЦһ
ˣ
ϺصϣϢͻȻǿȫתһ糱ˮӿ

ϺأȻ񡣸ղŵĶսһֱڱʵѹΡԣûǰһ㡣
ľͻˣ߽Ϣһüͷ
ٺ١ϺûлӦ߽Ļ
߶עг֮ϡһҫĹȻ
ϺأҲһͨͨȻֻǵһ磬ȴȱ߽嫵öࡣ
߽ɣϺ𳤵Ѹɱȥͬʱдȡ
ߣ߽ʱȻûĴ㣬ӶгҪסϺһȸ߳һı߽̫ˡǵڶͨҲ޷ֲһ㡣ͨƷˡǸߵȵͨǾͲһˡ
ײ֮󣬱߽޷ƵĵˣѪɫȫϢҲҡ߽סκ󣬱ֳ˳ȥ
ĲԼڶľ˾䡣֪Լ̤εϺض֣Ҳɱȥ
֪ϺЦ
䣡һײ߽ӰֱӵУһѪ³µ£ȻʥȻñ߽ܵˡ
߽ʦ֣ڶľ˾ӵܣŵĳ
߽ˣһľ˾Ⱥ󷽴˾ֵڱ߽Ϻضս֮УҲ˸


1016 һϰɣ
ֵ̧߽Ŀȥ
ֶԱ߽ҡҡͷ
һսȥҲû˿塣ϺҲһ߽ͨﲻܴùϺء
߽ε̾һг𣬷صľ˾Ⱥ֮С
ɢ˰ɣֱֻ˵
ˮ˾ӵ´ս˾ǲóģ˫ݲһֲ治ˣľ˾ǿı߽ﶼˣԭֶԱ߽ﻹǴһЩϣġڣϣҲˡ
ֲûǹԣɾԵʵȻǿҲΣѾ̤εϺȣ
þԳսҲֻȡѡ
˾˼ǡľ˾˶԰ɣϺ۾һתЦЦŲ˵
϶ʱֳŭ⡣
ľ˾ڶԱҲŭĿԲ
Ϻصˣֱ̫
ûнԣ˵黹ûꡣ֮ǰϺʦֵĶսˣֵ֮Ķսˡӻ˵۾žԡ
뾰һսϰݡ
ԣղԼ˵Ļô˰ɣսҲǲУŴҵ棬ֻҪ㲻ҽɡ
СǿЦЦһ
˵ʲôϢᡣ
˵ǣһȺСѡһΣһռڣк¡¡صš
ˣɫǴ䡣
仰Ŀɲǽһˣڶˮ˾ˣ˵ǡǡȻָһˡ
ƿСǲ֪ߵغΪľ˾ԱǾͲκˣϺ
κңЦˡ
һЦһ̤ǰ߳
Ǿ԰ɣʱһЦ
Ѱȥһߣӳ˵ߡڶˮ˾˾׿
׿ȻҲ
ȻЩһ㰡һߣûôĿţţһЩԵģ׿˵
׿˾Է˹֡
˾׿Ҳֻ񣬼˵˾ֻ˾ӵܱд裬ôԳأ
׿еڿ࣬˶ó
ɫЩǺ죬׿仰ȷʵܲ÷ˮ˾ˣûǿжֹľ˾ˡн֣Ҳ˫ԸġΣĿǰΪֹľ˾ȻһЩԱˣȴûʧ
Ϊˣȷʵ֪η׿仰
׿˾Ҳ𣿡Ц˵
ţ׿һ㶣ӾɨĿеһɺ⡣
Բ⡣׿ȻʵǿҲ֪Լ϶ֳ֣£׿˾ȻҲֶܳľ˾ӵܳ֡
ȷʵˣҿûвӵд˼û£ְˡ׿Ц
Ȼ׿˾֣ѵ˾Ͳܿˣⷢľ˾֣˾һǱȹ׿˾ࣿ԰۾΢Ц˵
׿ʱһؿڣݺݵһ
˾ˣԵ˼㲢Ҫֹӵд衣׿Ҳϼ޻žԵĻֱ˲˾ӵܶսΪ
ü˿ԡ
ԡҲЩò׼Ե뷨
˾Ȼˮ˾ӵôľ˾ӵд裬ǷǡԶԲЦЦ
һЦ
㣿ô㣿߽ﶼˣȥǸ
ЩϼһȻҲˣĿһתΧֶһЩˡЩˣȻǸ˾˾
Ȼв˾ˣüʮ֮ࡣЩϼһȻЦġ
˾õġңЩˮ˾С档Լǰ߳
Ľ㿴߳ǷһĨЦ˳
㣬а𣿡׿Խһ䡣
ԵȷʵǲСġѡοʲù׿Щǽ޷ܾԡô˹ۿлв˾׿ϣˮ˾κһս
ұؽӲڽ£㵹ʮ㡣
°ˣǶԼһäĿš㾰ʲҲΪԼȡ
㣬̫ԶˣȴҡҡͷҲûʱ䣬һһ档һϺˡ
ָŽ㣬Ϻˡ
ţ
ʲô
Է˲ɣ
ȻҪս֣
仰һ˵ȻһƬ𶯡ˣþ̫ˡϺظոձֳʱҲˣǿǻʵ񾳽簡
ƾʲôҪսϺڵˣ
Ҳŵˣɴۿžԡ


1017 
Ծ֮У־Щɻ
뾰ʶʱ䲻ҲӴΣٶԾԵԸм˽⡣ãԲֿԴˡֻǴʱԵΪô£
üžԵıӰ
ֵҪʲô
ʦѵķˣҪսˮ˾ϺءӢнˣ
찡ϺѾˣӢͽҲǷǳǿǿߡʦһˣҪս
ˣˣһͻȻһ˵
ʲôˣ˶ˡ
ǾֵܵĲԣֵ֪ԼûаջܶԷκһˣԾöԷһϡĻ֣Ͳ̫ˡԼ̫ľ˾Ҳһѹ˵
˶¶Ȼı飬ȷʵһֺܴĿԣʵڽͲͨԵΪ
ԣģ
ߣ˿ͽҺû˾츳ٸߣ˾Ҳӭ˾˾˵
ȻǳԲ˵ᡣҪ˾Բκγɡ
˾⻰ЦЦ֪ȴҲȥ˵ơ

֪СôĿ
Ū
֪ˮ˾ľ˾ķҲˮ˾ǰ
ˮ˾ˣ޷ˣ͵ı
ǺǣԵǺܴսˣˣƺҲ˵ùȥء׿һ£Ц˵ΪԼϤ˾Ե⡣
׿˾еС֮ĶȾ֮ˣԵ˵ⳡսǾͼӵעˡ
ע׿һ
ԣսϺءӢͽˣһսӵעҾû˼עһһΣ˵
֮ǰ֮ҲΪ˶Էûʲô˼ˮ˾ˣ̫ԲֲˡöԷӵעĻǲ
Сӣȷ𣿡Ϻؿڡ
һ񾧣ɲСĿˡһЩͨҲ޷ںһ񾧡
Ȼȷעһ񾧡ˣȻÿ˶Ҫһ񾧣Ҳ񾧡Բ˵
Ϻص˶ü
һ˳һ񾧣ѵҶսѵһһȻ̫ƽԥʲôѵûĻңԼ˵
Ϻؼ˶һۡ
ǶԣһȷʵҲˡҪóôһԴȷʵۡתһ룬֣ôܻܸԣңϺػ񡣾ϺһˣҲǶ֣֡ȫ̼ɨԡ
Ӯȡһ񾧶עƽ֣ÿҲʮջ
һʮصûκηյӮˣȻǷǳġ
΢㶼˾
ԣͰ˵ĶģϺ˵
׿Ŀһֱ˸ʱЩ׼ԵĿˡ֮ǰΪսΪˣսҲѿڣȴóһ񾧶עΪӺÿһóһ񾧣ƺЩ̫ˡ
СӣǴӦˣʼɣߴ˵
һ£ҡҡͷ
ô㷴˲ɣЦһ
ܵȺҲһƬЦԵҲҲΪװǻơŻҪһΪⳡսĶעת۾ֺˡ
Ƿڣǡһ񾧿ɲСĿˣˣô죿ˣȻɱǣˮ˾Ĺ׿˾²ҶɱǵġЦ˵
Цˣ
СʱԵúܴ𣿡˶Ц˵
ǿɲ죬Ҳܱ֤ǲˣԣǸԽעóλ˾ܡ۾˵
ȷʵ̫Ϻˣһһ񾧣˾һ񾧡ԷˣǾƺҲĪκΣɱ˿϶вͨģˮ˾˾ע˫˾ͱնˡڶ˾ҪҲ˼ˡοԷǾʮ˾ǿˮ˾
⵹ǿԣϺ˻û˵׿ͿˣϺأǽעұܰɣսٻǣͬӮĶע
á˶Ӧ
Ҳȡ񾧣ϵһֻʣʮңзᾧͲ쵤һ£óֵһһ񾧵Ķעľ˾˾֡
ֵܣֽӹóԴЩ
˾עҸ˵ģšҼˣҲҪľ˾ġֽ
ң˾ңҲᣬ׿һѡֲһ䡣


1018 
ˮ˾˾׿ˣҲþвˬԣԲֶ˵һ䡣
ԼǾͿԳûӹ׿ˮ˾һΡֲţǾ͵û˵ͿԼξ
ԣаգҲ뾰Խ
˾˵ʵϵԴҲһ񾧶㡣ãһȫԴ㿪Ц𣿡Բٶ˵
ɫ˱䡣
ҪҪžԣ
յڶľ˾ԴҲ࣬ɵڶľ˾ԴһЩġԼڶľ˾־ֱӸʮһ񾧵Ľ
ͷԺпתƬ̣һҧ
ƴˣжݺݵĺһ
׿˾ղŵĶעǾˮ˾ԱĶԶġڣľ˾壬ˮ˾Զһѣ֪ûȤֿ׿
ʱֵı飬žЩˬȻһӾù׿һŭ
˾⣿׿ѹĻʵ
Ǻǡľ˾ˮ˾ġ򣬲һ񾧡Ҳƴˡ
һ񾧰
Ǿˣǲֽӿɾѹˡһ˳ȥǱضᾪľ˾߲㣬ֺܻܿᱻ׷𡣲ֻѡžԣƴһѡ
ǾӮǵõһ񾧣ľ˾Ժӿɾͺùˡ

˾ȷ׿Ŀоһ
ȷȻȷ׿˾ͬ⣬ǩһݶԶЭΣȻǹ׿˾ǲңǾ͵û˵ּȻ˾Ҳͻȥˣ˿ûԥ
ֵĻ׿Щ
˿Ϻ˺󣬺ּܿᶨǾԼʵǿҲܻϺ֡
һ񾧣͵Լˣܲԣ
ЦҲң
ãȻ˾ô£ˮ˾ܲ㵽ף׿Ҳܿʹ⡣
ǩЭ飬̲δʱ䣬˳ҲϺ˵ĶԶд˽ȥ
ˮ˾ľ˾ĶԶģܵ˿ס벻ͨľ˾˾־ƾʲôԾôġ
ЩΪǽˮˡ

λʼɣԿˣָһһɫС
ϼ
һѹӲϼ֮ϵ
ǳǿܣ
ƺʥɣ
⾰ԣȻһô𣿡
ѵ֮ԶԼôģԴ
ȺٴαһƬԵĲϼǺùЩڶ˾εǶǽӽǿߡ
Сĵ㣬Ǿеһ׿ŸϺˡ
Ǻǿġ
Ϻˣɫ΢΢һĿⶢھвϼ֮ϡ
СӣһϺȳ֣巢гɱȫ˲顣
Ӱһ˸ɱ˾ԵĽǰ
ôĶעϺҲ뾰ĥˣһ֣Ǽޱʱڻܾԣһ񾧶עõ֡
ͳӢˣҲ΢Ҳóٿط֮ʩչԼǿѧֱԡ
꣡ϼ֮ϣһɫŷ
ܣڿռڵһ㲨ơϣϢķ֮ɨɫâ͵һϺϮɱȥ
ۣ
ɫϺӵĵӴϺصĵ⣬Ǳ˺ѡ
Ϻصĵֳںɫʩչǲɫ⡣ǲɫںɫ˺ѿǳԡԶҲܿСڵһʱ䣬Χ۵Ⱥע⵽һ㡣
ǿ
𣿡
һͺˡ
Χ۵УΪԵĽ˺Ϻص⣬Ϊŵʵϣ̶ֳȵġ̺ģǵڶֲͨĹ
򣬼Ƕòϼĵ͵Ҳգۼ˺Ϻصĵ⡣
Ϻصʵȷʵǿ񾳽硣ϺؿɲһϺţԽСɱǺ顣Ϻأȫͨһģ㲻УҲԱ
ãϺһͺȣӰгͣͣ˳һɨ
һںɫӰȥ
Ϻյͨأchongͨ㵶⣬ÿһ̺ĹϺزʩչͨǿػͨƷҲǱȽǿģһܵ㹥ڶܵ㵶⹥֡
ͨϺѹһЩͨ
ʱ򣬽ͳӢˣҶԾԵĹҲѾ׺ݱƽ


1019 ü
㡢ӢȻ񾳽磬ʩչĹҲǳϬˣҲͨ
սʲ֮ϡӢǵڶˮ˾ĶԱֶͬСϺأҶԾԽмл
һʱ䣬ҲоԵѹ
Ե棬ʱֳһƬ⣬ʥ
ʥϾԵĲ壬ǽвֹоԣҲܿס
ಣʩչ֮Ӱһ˸
ɫٶϺϮɱȥ֮УԾԶԣȻϺصвʹػͨϺأǹķǳײеġԣԽҪľϺϡ
ֻҪϺʧȥսǽͳӢˣͲΪǡ
ʱϺ΢ɳһн˸ѹԽࡣ
ԣ֮ǿ
ս֮ǰϺҲ벻Ի˿µʵʱоһһܿܲǾԶ֡
ҺԼˣͳ¹ǣƣԵĽܣȫֵ
Ϻ˵Ķսڳˣ¶𾪱顣
ԭΪԻᱻݿĻܡ˭뵽ͬʱϺɱȻƾе̬ơ
ԣǿЩ֡
񣿡
ȷʵ񣬾ϺͬʹõǿͨսϺػҪǿ١
ǰûгӢͽ˰æϺرضǾԵĶ֡
̫ˣһ˵ͺС궼Զģ
ڿȷʵһʵԡ˵һЩԶһĹע֮ǰΪ⴫ǿˣڡ
ڶ˾žɫ
˾ֻǾȾţˮ˾Ĺ׿ЩܵȻˡ
۾ԲĶžԡУԼЩԤС
һսԻʤˮ˾Ҫһ񾧵ġˮ˾ȻУĶ࣬һóһ񾧣ҲԲС¡
⻹ϵ⣡
ľԣȻ񾳽磬֮ǰһֱ˵ίʵɶ񣡡׿дŷߺ޵
׿ãԼˡ
׿˼෴ģȻľ˾֡ʱĲ֣ͶѿĿеϲã˿ûΡ
ֵܺǿ
ѡžԣˮ˾ԶģȻһľȻһսδֳʤǾ֣û·硣ֻҪסɱȥһϺ˳ֲǾƱܻʤ
ս
ˣ
ϺصʵȷʵǿͨҲţ˽ɣתת
ͨ
ʩչͨӰͻȻʧԭء
Χ۵˴֮Уٶȳ֣ʱ򣬾ȴǵϺصǰ˽Ӣ˵ĹΧ
⡭
˶ЩӦϺء
ɫֽǰϺӰˡǣٶٿ죬ҲϾʩչĽ⡣
䣡
ϺȫֵվǱɣڿһ㵹ɳǧס
һϺػɣӰٴһûκεͣ٣ٴγֺӢͽܽгٴκɨ
ӢͽȻʵȴǿھǰǵʵͲ̫ˡ˹ֵͬĻ˳ȥ
ʱ䣬·ֹ
Χ۵ȺĿžԡϺ˵ܣʵ̫ˡ
ǰһ̻ƾеĶսһ̱类ɨҶɡ
̫ˣ
ԸղõʲôֶΣ
ΪͻȻʧͻȻ֣
Ǿεڶ˾ס
˲ô
ôܣ˲ƣҪ򼫸߲εĿռ䷨𣿡
⾰񶼲ǣô˲ƣ
УЩ
ͨʩչٶ̫ˣڳľ񣬶Բ׽ʩչͨʱӰԣʶΪ˲ơ
ʵϣεǿߣӦÿԲ׽ͨĺۼ֪ǲ˲ơ
ϺˣҲסˡǴʱŪԼôͰܵˡֻоͻȻǰһɨǸ͵סȻͷ˳ȥֲ̺ܵĹ¡
վԶˣû̷أֻЩնžԡ
һ뾰Խ֣ǵĴ̫ˡˣ˵ǶεˣھǰΪô
ˣˣԵ
ЦԣɵƯãǳá
׿˾ˮ˾ҪƷ˰ֿ׿˵
ʵϣҲû׾ԵֶΣǲҪҪǾԻϺˡ
ľ˾üˣ


1020 İ
ֵĻ׿ɫܺÿŹ֡
ˮ˾ڳԱһҲʵıˣԵЩ塣֮ǰǽǽǿĻϡˮ˾ӵֶľ˾ľԻܣǻ˵ʲô
ʵΪ
ûʵĽֻ˲мġǰľ˾
ּ׿˴ָ𽫶עˡ
׿ڶˮ˾˾޷ˣο˫ǩЭ顣
ʵҧҧ׿Ϻ˵˳Ը֡
񾧣Ժһ׿仰תߡ
׿˾л˰ֳŹ׿ıӰһ䡣
׿뿪ˮ˾ڣȻҲ뿪Ϻؼˡ
ֺͷ뿪
֮ǰԶս˾һֵ֣أ󲿷ûдкȥ
ӦһЩ˾֮󣬲֡Եľ˾ĳԱľ˾ׯ԰
ԣ񾧡ЦŽһָֽݸԣӮĶעԼĶעһİһ񾧵Դһ¡
Ҳûӹָֽ㣬ȫûҪ
һսӮ񾧡ʱڣ㹻ʹˡ
ԣ벻ʵǿ˳̶ȡսˡ¾Ҳָ֡п˵
⵹ǹάԣһʵ
ʵѹֻڶҪĽˡΪ̫ˡ
ЦЦתϺصˣб߽ʦʵǿӦúɰɣ
ȷʵû⣬ǲżֵ
ȷʵżҵѹ꣬μӽˣľ˾õĽҲࡣϺءӢҲˡԣڵڶһʱ䣬һЧ߽ӻ˵
߽ôһ˵Ҳˡ
߽ʹˣȥľ˾ܵõ̫Ľڵڶľ˾һʱ䣬˾Ҫսľ˾͵õ
ڶľ˾Ϊ˶߽һʱ䣬ÿ߽һЩԴȪʹбһЩ߽ȻҲġ
ʱľ˾˶Ծԣ̬ȿɾȫͬˡ
һ˶Էľ˾Ǵ¶ˡԺȥ˾ǰľ˾ԱҲй⡣
˲˾빺һЩĲϣľ˾ô˵
˻ûϢԿ϶Ҫڵڶľ˾ͣһʱ䡣ʱ䣬ǿһ߼һ
󣬻һֱûڣȻֻƵͼ񵤡ȻǬȻҪԼȥ޷һ͡
ľ˾ûһݡԴ棬Ե򱦵񾧶һֵܣĪֺʵ
ڵ͵ʱ򣬾ǵʦԵͷ
ףֶԾǵʦݣЩǣԾ츳רȻǰ;
ҲöȰ˵ʲô˼ڵ͵ǵʦݣΪһͣ
Զִ£Ժ鷳㣬ﾰֵܵ򱦵һϡֶһԶִ·Ը˵
ûκ⣬ֵҪʲôϣ˵һǡԶϾЦŴӦ
Щִ£ҲˡԵսǶҪǿˣﾰȥһϣȵģ㲻϶
ţԺעҪŹʣ뾰׽˵Ժиĺô
Զִ£Ͳܰﾰʲô
ǾˣһҪһóԶԶ˹֡
ˮ˾Ĺ׿˾ȥܿ˽һ͵ľ˾ȻͬʱҲǷڲеЭ˻ȥ
׿ˮ˾ˣڽ췢飬ⲻҪһⶼ뾰ûʲôϵˡ
Ϻؼˣصˮ˾ͱŲǿܶʱ䣬ǲ˼¶ˡ
ڵڶľ˾ƽ
Ϊϵһ񾧱Ƚ϶࣬ԣȻûȪȻʹĦʱʱ䣬ȥԵķصǽľˮԵķ
֮࣬ԵľͷƵҩϡ
һ¯¯쵤ϱƳƲ쵤һ¯ٳɵ߿ţżܴﵽԲľſšЩ쵤Ʒʶá
ҲżƸ߼ĵҩϵϻۣﵽһ̶ȺȥƸ߼ĵҩǾˮɵ顣
ʱһȥһա
ֵܣ⣬˾ֵ
̳˷ᣬЦվһţĪǿ˲Ϣˣ
˾ִ˸к


1021 컨
羰Բ²⣬ֽչǵڶ˲ѶϢ
Բμӵ˵ʱ䣬Ѿȷʮ֮
˾뷿ᣬһᣬǡڲ뿪󣬱ּƵҩƳĲ쵤ʱѾﵽһš
ʵרƲ쵤׬ȡ񾧣ٶҲԲһŲ쵤ĵĲϣֵҲʮ񾧡һŲ쵤ȥֵһ񾧡
ֱʮı
Ȼһʦ϶һʦһ¯쵤ܳɵôࡣңʧܵ
ʮ󣬾ͬ˾ڶ˲׼Ŀˡ
˵̣֮ǰӵһڶûʲôҪ˵Ҳһο֮УʹõĻеﵽΡ
ھ˵ûκѹ
ڿеı֣ҲڲֵԤ֮СΪԲμһνˣ˲ĲԼ²ĲԹ
ԾҲΪε˲²ѾεǿˡˣǶԾҲ޼ӡ
Ϊ֪ԾԵĻֻھܽ
һһ붼ˡǶģ궼ѳһ
뾰ûгԹûģǲɵ϶ûǾԡ
˽󣬾˾ľ˾˵𣬱ŵ˲ˣͨ͵
·ϣ˲Ҳ뾰н̸
ԣ֪컨𣿡λЦŶԾ˵
ҡͷ
ȷʵûйע컨
ѾǰһˣĿǰڵھʮ񹬵ʮ˾֮Уǰߣࡣ̾˵
ңڻ꣬ʱ䡣ֻҪǧ꣬һֱ컨ϡһ룬㼴ǧʱﵽΣ⣬㽫еǶĻᰡ˵
Ƕһǣ˲õÿһ컨Ƕߣ
ԴˣԵǲΪ⡣컨ûʲôʽǿܣϰ񡣵ⲻǾܾģܾġ
컨ģһ컨¥Ա࣬컨¥¥ȴ񹬹ǸεǿˣĴҲη塣
֮ܶ컨¥ǷǳȻġ
˵䣬˱㹲ͬ˵²Ƶȵȡ
̽ԱʽΪԱ
ĳԱûмʮ˾ģÿһõĻԴҲʮһ֮࣬ʮǰ
ȻˣԱҲ֮ڣ߼񶼼ࡣǾʮ˾֮ڣа񾳽ӵܡ
ǸǾԣ
ԣǾԣҼӰ񣡡
ȷʵᣡ
Ըſ˲²˲˲ǰѾΧ˲ٸ˾˾Щ˾Ծָָ㡣
뿼˲ڿ˲֮󣬿˲ĲžһᣬԲŸ뿪˲
֪Щ˾϶ҪԼ
һӿ˲Щ˾ȴûΧվڲԶš
ֻһˣߵԵǰ
Ǿԣ΢Цžʵ
ǾԣǣҲ΢ˡ
˵ʵֲܿвһķȻ˵硣Ҳ˵εǿߣȵ˲
˾˾ִ³ؾ١ߵǰ˵ˣ˾˾ؾִ¡
ǰؾٽһ˾˾ȥڿ󣬻صڰ˹˾˾һֱڹעԡ
˵һ˵ڶˮ˾Ϻص˺󣬶ԾԱ
ԣͨˣҲԵ˵
ؾִ£æ֡
ؾټԶԼ㹧ϵЦҲ͸ˣ˵ͷ
ԣ֪һ˾˾һЩڣܴ˾ؾٿڵΪ£Ѿٵεһ˾˾ȥڿȥˡ
ؾʾˡ
ȻҲóüͷײ΢һ¡
ԣϣ㲻ҪΪһˣ˾ؾ˵
ؾִˣһ£Ҳδ⣬ǲҶˡԵ˵ҲʵȷʵûнڵһĲԽϡ
Ǿͺáؾٵͷ
ԣҾֱ˵ˣ㣬һΪ˴˾ʾǸ⡣ڶϣܼ˾ؾҲ붵ȦӣݣԳɾԣȷʵҲҪȦ֮̽Ķٶ


1022 һȪ
񹬵ѾСϾŸոս˵ǱޣǱϾֻǱһ;ϣǰһǵžȥԽ
ǳ⣬زҲǺܿܵġ
ԣ˾˾ִ³ؾԳ룬ӣν󡣶һ棬ؾپԱǸ⡣ؾٵĵǸȲ˵жٳ⣬ˡ
˵Ǹĳ⣬ҲûٵġǸֺαصȵԽѡ˾ʱ
ڵڶʱѵؾپҲڶľ˾ׯ԰ڣ
ʵϴӳؾٱԼһ𣬾Ծ֪ؾԼ⡣ڣؾٹȻ˵ϣԼ˾Ļ
ԣ˾Ȼˮ˾ʵǵ˵Ҫľ˾ǿöࡣ˾õضԺ·ܳ谭֪˾˾˾ˣҲע飬ؾ΢΢ü˵
ؾٱʵϲԡΪԣűҶ˾ں
ӵڰ˹˾˾µԣԽݵ顣Ϊ£ԣ˾ԵǸ
Ե츳ȻߣΪ˾ؾҲԲôġ
뾰˵ⷬԼġǣôܲؾҪص
ԵУû̫ᡣ
Ӧ˵лؾִ̧ڵһͼ˾ڶȻ˾˵Ҳı⡣
ܿɫҲô˵ǰλεǿߡ
ԵĻؾĿ΢΢һ
ԣ㿼𣿡ؾٲٶ˵ϻˡ
ѵҪ˾ִ¹Լ˾
ǵģҿˣٴθлؾִµĺ񰮡Եͷ
ãؾһΣֻ˵һ֣תȥ
ؾߺ󣬵ľ˾˾һʱǰ
˾ɺ
ղžؾٶԻǶˡԶȷڵҲǼľ˾ǻ˵ʲôؾ붼ܾЩ˾ӣܴùؾ٣
ֵܣǵľ˾˾򣬷֮ԣˡڣǾȥľ˾ׯ԰Σƽ͵ı˵
֮ڲصļȴѹס
ʹ˾·Թ֡
˺ܿľ˾ׯ԰
ڡ
ֵܣĴҿ׹Ц˵
˾ˡҡͷ
ֵܣҲǫ顣ʵǶĿá˵ʵѡľ˾νľ˾ҡ
Ҳӣ˵˵ľ˾ҪֵܵĽһ񾧣һ⣬ÿֵ꣬ܿɽȪһʱ䡣
Σڵһڶľ˾󣬶̾ͱμӽһĿˡ
ĹȴҪһĻ
ֻҪﵽ񣬶ʱڲ̫ܡԣȻΪԻڵľ˾ͣȽϳʱ䡣
ÿþԽȪһʱ䣬Բˡľ˾֮ڣҲͲȪѡ
Դ˾飬λִ¶ûκ顣֮ǰҲѡľ˾ҪõĽȨ
΢˼һ¡
˶ԼЦЦ˵˾Ȫʹãܲ΢һ£
Ӷ΢΢һ
ÿһȪʹãѾǷǳŴˡ˵㾰Լǿˮ˾ʹȪȨҲܱľ˾ĸö١
ľ˾ѵ
ڣѾжԾЩ㾰ʵȷʵǿ츳ȷʵߣҲܽȪøʹðɣľ˾ҲмԱȪһ㾰Ի
ûȴ򿪿ڣԼ˾ҵ˼ǣܲһԸʹһȪֻһ꣬Ժڵľ˾ãʹõľ˾Ȫʹá
ţ
⡭ֵܣȷҪôԺܻڵܾͣõʱ䣬ʮϰ궼пܵġ˵
һҲѾǹֱ˵
ֵܼ֣ľ˾Ҳ㡣΢ǵͷͬˡ
ڵ߶ԣһʱ䲢ߣʵҲ֮УһʱһαչҲ͹ȥˡ
ǾͶл˾λִˡæл
֮Ҫ󣬵ȻԼ뷨ġʹһȪԼļӦñȽϴ


1023 
԰ռһȪһʱ䣬ľ˾ӵܿ϶˲⡣
ͲǾҪǵˣɴ˾ִȥ
׼˲ʱ󣬱ľ˾Ȫ
Ħʱʱ޿̵Ĳڴ߶
񾧣
ϵһ񾧣м֮ࡣ
ڽľ˾Ȫ֮ǰҴ˾һ˶ʮһǧᾧһ񾧡
ڵľԣһѾЩˡ
һö񾧣ֵʮöһ񾧡Ȼ˵̺ʮöһ̺ȡʵ̺ԼҲ൱öһ񾧡ʵϵ͵˵Ȼһ񾧻öࡣ
ɾԼͻۻ룬һ񾧣ܸоʹ졣
ҲԣĦʱն񾧵תжϣĦʱö񾧵ʱٸıҲһʮʱ٣öȴǿʮһʱ١
Ļö񾧾̫ˡԣԱȣԻĦʱһת
ȪĦʱʱ֮¾˴Լꡣ
ԣٴʹ˻֮Դ
ķѾʮһǻԷһ룬Է򡣾оӦǿʹû֮ԴӿԷٶˡ
֮Դһʹãٶȣз츲صı仯
žԾߣ֮ԴЧ͸Ϊԡ̶̵ʱҲĦʱʱ󣬾յķǴﵽʮ֮ޡ
ʱ򣬾˳ͻһͨ˵һܿԽϡ
ǵǣǵǣȷʵԱȽԿԽġ
һ̤֮ǾֻҪԴ㹻ҲǳҲ̤εģȻĲϻ̡ۣ
ǲǵ
˵ʮ˾˾ҲߣҲǾֻǣȵڶЩ˾ǿһЩ
񣬵ȻҲźܴġһģҲжģа벽εľ
ɹ󣬾Ҳ΢ɳһڣԼȪڼµʱ䡣ȵºȪͳȥԾҪ˾æĹĿˡ
ʱ䣬ȹ񾳽硣
Ķ񾧻в쵤ᾧԴϱԾ̡ϸ֮ڵҲǷš
ҲԸоĲǺܴģʵࡣ
ѹ֣ǶϺǵսǿͨͨҲֻѹƶѻɱ
ȷʵҲǣǸ߼񣬶Ϊм
ֻҪһʱ䣬һЩдпǾпȥһ˾ġ
ʱ䣬һζ

ģֲԸӦϸڵʱʮġҲ޷ݡ
ʮ񾧣Ȼ˴󲿷֡ᾧʣҲࡣǲ쵤Ҳʹ˳ǧţھԼ˳һŲ쵤Բ쵤ʣǧŽӽǧӡ
̫ˣ
Ÿոս񣬵ԺӾǵĶ٣
УǵŬܡʵڲУͽ׬ȡ񾧰ɡͼĲ쵤׬ͷҵ׼Ƹ߼ĵҩˡת
ͼĲ쵤ȷʵû׬ͷһŲ쵤ֵҲͰһ񾧶ѡ
ҪԴҪĿ꣬ڸΪ߼ĵҩϡ磬ϻ
ϻЧ벹쵤ơǣϻ̺ȴǱȲ쵤ܵöࡣ
һϻļֵҲǲ쵤ٱһţֵʹﵽһһ񾧡
ԾǬֻҪϤϻƣһ¯ɵ߿ⲻ󣬾Ϳֲˡһϻͼֵһһ񾧡
ȻϻҲǷǳѡϻмʦˡһмʦڣλͨɸߵöࡣΪֻǵͼ񣬿ǿҲǱصġ
ʮ˾˾мʦ֣ƽ׵мʦ
ಣ
ԱͳȪʱ䵽ˡ
ˣ
ڳˣ
һһȪǺõȡ

ľ˾һЩӵܣԴȪ׷¶鿪ڡˣȻǶԾԹԡΪǾʹȪĻᡣ
ڵһڶһЩΪԵʵǿڵһڶˡ˳ɹľ˾õô֪ԶòܳɹĽĹ


1024 ˵ʲô
Ĺ˵ĻҪߵľΡһס˲֪˵ĽŲ
ľ˾֮ڣǡǾЩˣеѾڵͣ˼ʱ䡣֪Ҫ̤Σ̫ˡ
츳ܱȣ̤񾳽磬Ҳ¡Ҳڵľ˾ϼǧʱ䡣ʱĹɹܸľ˾ٺô˵Ǹľ˾һĺôôܲ䵽Щ˵Ҳ˵
ЩȻߣɾҲ
ЦЦûЩ
ֱ˾סĵط
ֵܣ򿴵ԴЩ⡣
˾Թ˹֡
ǺǣֵܴȪˣоΣʵ
Ȫʥءһʱ䣬ҸоԼǺܴġЦЦ˵
Ȼ߽ͨȪǽٶȶһǧҪ˵ֵ츳˵ߡֻǣֵȪһʱ䣬һʱڣͲٽȪˡЩΡ
˵ʱҲ۲쾰Եı飬뿴Ի᲻ڵľ
˵ĻǣȪһ꣬Ժٽľ˾Ȫ
ţľ˾ȪǲٽȥˡЦЦŴ򣬡˾鷳ҵ˲ĹĿˡ
ԴȪϾ͹˾򣬾ôԼıġ
˵ʲôһͫ׷ŴԵ仰ʶĵͷ漴ͷӦ˹
μӽĹˣ
Щסˡ
Ĺˣ񰡣磬ûдﵽǼӵлһЩʵҲܲμӽˡ
ǵڶˮ˾Ϻ֮ѹͨ񣬵˵ҲܱμӽĹĿˡľ磬ǲμӵĹ˵Ӳ
ֵܣߴӵĹܻһЩ˽ĵطʵȷʵǿܶĶ֡ǣҪμӽĹĿˣߵľ磬ǳԽ񡣡
ֵܣǼõġ츳϶ѣӦҲò˶áȰοԡ
ĻЦ
ֵܺιʷЦü
˾Ѿ񾳽硣ˣô鷳˾ĹĿأЦ˵
ţ
˵ʲôǴڶξˡ
һΣֻǵɴ۾һΣһȴǺϢҲôءʶģͷӦԵľ硣ǲ׼ȷ̽Եľ硣
̽ʧܣܿ־
˵Ѿ񣬵һӦ޷š΢תǱϲ˵ѡμӽĹˣμӿ˵ߣᾭ˲ĺ˲顣粻ԣ̾ͻᱻصġ
Դ֪Բ˵ѡֻǣôǱ
һȪһʱ䣬ͻ˾磬ԲԼ˵
ȪͻƵľ磿žԡ
ǰԵͷ
Ȼľһ£ͼˡֵܣԺȥ˲ֱȥ뵽˵ʱȷҲҪһʱ׼Ҫһ֮áʱ䣬ֵܻҪľ˾ȴ˵
ţףû⡣Ц˵
ȵ˿ʼʱ䣬ԿƵҩϻһЩм񵤡ͬʱҲľˮԵķ
Ըǣ򽫾ͳ⡣žԱӰʧҡҡͷ̾Ϣһ
ˣûȰ
ֵͶʱ䲻꣬Ȼˡ
뵱Ҷʱһûﵽ
Ļǣ⾰ֵܵս񾳽磬ȫսǿɣվڷ֮⣬пúҲȥ
˾ˣҪȥһľ˾ִ£ׯ԰ȥЦʵ
ǰȥ˲ͷá
ȥ˲ȥʲô⼸죬ûеĽ˰ִüɻʡҲ˾鲻ҲҶʼ䡣
ȥ˲ΪɸոսߣȥﾰֵܱμӵĹˡ˵仰ٶȶȻӿ죬Ӱʧ


1025 
˾Ӱʧķľ˾ִ£öûлع
ﾰԱĹˣ
ִ˫ĿУͻȻŷ⡣
Ϣܿڵľ˾ӿţһƬϲˡ
Ȼ˾ȥ˲ﾰμӵĹˣ˵Դﵽ˱Եʵּǿ˵ֻҪμӽˣͨǰ϶顣
ǣȻϲˡôμӽˣǵľ˾Ҳܵõ˽ˡҲһڶһһȪˡ
ʱԼķ֮ڣĿ
ţ΢΢һ
ԣѶʯȡ˳ǵһľ˾˾޵ѶϢ
ԣõһ²̽飬Ѿˡڷʱ䣬һһ˰ɡ޵ݡ
վ߳ᣬŵľ˾ׯ԰ȥ
һΣпɾЦ뾰Դкˣĵı顣
̬ϵı仯ǳԡ֪Щ˿϶˵ԼμӵĹ˵飬ԶԼ̬Ȳſ
̾ԲϵĹֻٴȥҲöǾ
˵ľ˾ׯ԰Էи͵ڶĴ͵㡣봫͵㣬գ֮䣬Աڵڶ
ӵ񹬵Ƶߣڵһڶ͵֮䴫͡
һ·򣬾ֿٷ
һľ˾ׯ԰֮⡣
ԴˣŴԣһ㶣к
΢Ц˹˵Ҫ˾鷳ͨһ
Ѿǵһľ˾ĳԱˣҲֱӽһľ˾ׯ԰ľ˾֮һϵԶ
ȥ˷ܵĳׯ԰ڡ
δȶãޱׯ԰߳޵󣬻λִԼڶһľ˾ĳԱ˵ˣ㶼뾰Լһ
ԣȻѾ񾳽磬Ѿǵľ˾ԱЩˣɱȽ⡣
˾㴫Ѷң˵²Ǳ߲鵽Ϣˣ
һľ˾ڶԱѹ󣬾Բ˾ޡ
ǵģѾ鵽Ϣԣʹȥ²ͬϡһ˵
áԵ˵ͷ
һ²Ժ͹ˣ˰ͬϡͬ£˶յ
ԣʵЩǸϻܵʵ̫̫ˣԲŲôʱ䡣ͬĶԾ˵
񣬾Ѿǵľ˾ԱݣҲʲôˡĳԱλȲϵһʮ˾˾Ҳ̫ࡣ˵Իһĵľ˾Աǰ;
˲ߣԾԶûʲôӡ
ԵݵλȷʵѾߡԼûʶһ㣬ˣȴǴָܡ
̫ͬˣ˵Ӧøлæġæ˵
ͬЦŰڰ֣ûвõɫҲͷˡ˵浣ľԻΪʱ̫ö
ԣǴſռڵ񹬵ġļ磬ڵӵһžźŵ͵硣ͬ˵
ʱ䣬ϸѰҶӦϡΪʵ̫ˣ˲ЩѾӵһǸ͵ߡ˲ʱ䣬ϲϣûκη֡
ֿʼڵһûнĳԱϡӽĲңڷˣǴǸ͵Ĳͨѡο˼Ϊ񹬵ĳԱͬ˵š
ʱ򣬾ϢҲ΢΢һ
ȻУԼͬһ͵ߣˡ
Ŀ¶⿴Űͬ
УһѾȥˡˣǼ񹬾Ӻھ֮ȥġͬ˵һˣĿǰţǵһ֮ڡֽбϷһѳʱˡ
һȥˣֻһ˻ţ
ԲЩ꣬һ˻Ҳãܱûǿöࡣ
ͬϣϷĿǰʲôطܲ鵽𣿡æʵ
Բ鵽ģЩÿȥ򱦵ȡԴҲҪ²ȷϡͬͷϷӦڱҩ﹤
ҩ΢üҩʲôλã
Խ㻹ʱ䣬ҩǵһ˵Ͳλá
ҩﵹ̫ԶԣҪȥϷʵԹȥҿȥҩｫϷǡͬ϶Ծ˵
һǹȥɣϾͬһ͵ߡʱ䣬ûܽڶҲ̫ùҡҡͷ˵


1026 ҩũС
Щϲõġ
磬ͬԼһ͵ߣһůĵ顣ԣԾԹȥһλбϷ硣
ô˵ͬҲ⾰Ե飬ûȰ˵
ͬϣ㽫ҩľλøҼɡԽ˵
򵥡ͬ룬Իһ򵥵ĵͼ
ô鷳ԣ˴ȥҩˡ޿˵ľ˾ִ£ȥλϷߡ
ҲáԵͷ˴ԼǰʡһЩ
ٴͬϱл⡣Ȼ飬ǼˡлᣬԿ϶ᱨһ
ˣͬϣ÷²ôˣ˳ʵ
Ҳвʱ䣬û÷ˡ
뵽÷࣬Ҳ¶Цݡ÷ҪȾԴ࣬ھǰ÷һֱоԸ硣
÷ࣿͬͷתգۼǸ뾰һμѡοˣ˳񹬵ǸѾͷ
²ҹҷԸҵĹ¶Ӧġԣ˽ͬʾԵ˼
룬ҡҡͷ˵ˣԺеǻ档
ͬ˵Ըչ÷࣬Ҳͷˡ˵²ҲȽ⣬Ӧòʲô鷳
ͬǺ󣬾Ժ͹뿪²
ԣսӵ򱦵ĴѶ˵켫Ĵͻһľ˾Ȫ벻ҪȻҾʹȥˡ޶ԾԽ͡
ľᣬԿǺ󣬻ǽһ¡
ʱ䣬ȷʵȽɡĴһľ˾Ϊľ˾ȪΪһľ˾˾Ǽｵ˾ǲڣ϶ǲʵġ
ôһ˵ҲЦ
˾̫ˡȥҩҸˣҪԴȥЦ˵
ȷʵû⣬ִ´ԼȥҩѾܺˡԼҵڣʵͲñ˴·
ЦҲû˶Լ
Ȼصһľ˾޽ִ½˹һ˵ظ֤û⡣

񹬵һǧƬӴҩҩֻ֮һ
ǵһڣдҩڵġھŹڣӴҩ
ĳ˵񹬿ԳΪһ硣
ҩݡ˵ǱȽϵͶ˵ġҩֲҪ
һߣҩʳ
ϷЩеһԱ
ϷһƬҩϿշУѲԼƬͼҩ
ϷҩԼʮĶӡ
ƺܴ󡣿ݵֲȽ⣬ȻֻǵͼҩһݣҲҪܴĿռ䡣һĶϣԼֻһݡǵͼݣҪʮĶǼʮĶصռ䡣
ʮĶҩ˵ҲûݡϷĹǱ֤ԼƬҩݲƻֱǳԲժճɺõĻǿԵõٶ⽱ġ
ȻʧǱϷҲС
֮ϷκεĴ⣬ڣƬҩֲݣѾ˳ڡٹʮңԽвժջˡ
Ƭҩֲݳڽ϶̣ҲʮܳһΡ
ϷӳѲУһӭ˹Ϸ߹
Ϸһӳ¹ҩũʱϷģҩũеһֽȽ
ȽûɣϷ͵ʵ
ţһûз⡣Ƚͷ˵
ǾͺáٹңƬҩܲժˣʱٲûзʹؼʱڣԲܳκʧϷЦ˵
ӳģСӸʮĶҩݳɫƷʮ֧СУСӸҩһο϶ǰéٺ٣ʮ񾧵ĽСӾͱˡȽ˵ʱ͸һ˷ܵɫ
ţǲκδ⡣ûݲժͲܷİˣѲӰɣȻȥ£̴ѶҡϷӻֶȽ˵
סȽͷ
ϷѲյʱ䣬ŻصԼססԼʮĶҩ︽

ӳϷǸˣ
һߣӰ𽥸ֳһˣǷЦ˵
ţӳ۾˵ͷϷƬҩݳɫǶ鸺ҩͲһЩӦ˼ѧϰѧϰߣǹȥ˰õ͵ǫ飬ѧϰǡ


1027 ֮
˵ҩũӳֽǬϷһһ֧ҩũСӵĶӳУͬʮĶҩ
ʱվߵļˣҩũ
ӳӢҩũƨĵøԴࡣ
ߣǬ֣ǵ顣
ˣűϷҩ˹ȥ
Ƚ⸽ѲӣǬ˽룬ɫʱһ䡣ӭ
ǬӳȽǬǰ棬ļ
šǬɨȽһۡ
Ǭӳ𣿡Ƚ΢̧ͷǬʵ
ûʲô£ǿǱϷСӸҩݳɫܺãԹ˳ѧϰѧϰôҩġǬЦ˵
ϴЦݣֻЦУȴһɭϢ
ԭҴǬӳȥϷӳɡȽͷת˳˵
ҪѧϰҩǾʹȥϷӳǿ̽֡
żżȿǵҩЩݣǲƷǬ·ҩҡͷ˵ˣøʲô͸ʲôȥùҡ
ǬҪȽ
Ƚɫʱһڣȴûж
ôûҵĻǬϢһ
ǬӳǱϷСӸҩЩסƽˣҩＴҪժǳ⣬ҿɵ𰡣Ƚ˼˵
ҩＴժȻǬԼСӸҩתơοǬԼСӵҩũǳ⣬׷ԼСӿɳܲס
ǬƷ˭֪
һƬĶҩһʮֻҩũСӣҲʮӳ˵Ǭ磬ŸҩũСӵĶӳǬǰԵñȽơ
ΪǬй´˳СӣҵǬСӡ
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Ǭӳǵҩôˣ
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ǬߵļҩũʱȽһ
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Сӣ⻰ʲô˼˵Ϊ𣿡Ǭ۾һɡ
ңȽæͷ
ңߣ˵ҲҩĹ֣ҪҩĹأǬϣһ͵迪Ƚѹ˹ȥ
ǬӳˣҾûǸ˼ȽɫףǸ
ÿǬӰ΢΢ǰ㣬ݵĿⶢȽ
ȽȻͣԭء
Ǭˡ
µģȽסȥ·Ҳ¡
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ǿײ֮£Ƚ壬ֱӾͱ˳ȥ𶯣һѪҺӿ³

ǬȽֻС֡·ҩȥġ
ϯ֮£̼дݻΪ촷ۡϷСӸʮĶҩ˲ճһƬùͺͺġ
һĻȽҡ
ˡȽ˲ԼƣЩݻٵݣֻһͷ
ʮĶҩٱݻʮ֮һҲһĶϵûˣǼ챻ժݰ
ߣ֪ߵغ֣Ҳӵȥ·ѵѵ㣬򶼲֪ˣǬ۶Ƚ˵
ô£
ʱ򣬱Ϸٸ˹
ǬˣոսϷСӸҩʱȽѾϷѶɵϷԼסϹʱǬѾȽˡȽԼͷݻ˱ϷСʮ֮һҵҩ
Ϸ·һƬǽ壬۾Ҳˣзһŭ
ϷãǬϷȴ΢΢ЦЦ˵ʵǲùأҶٲҪֽѵѵģֲأȻҲͺˡ
Ǭûݻٵҩ̲ĶԱϷ˵
ӳȽűϷǬӳҪǱϷСӹҩҡֻǰչأҪ
ϷǬ
Ǭӳʲô˼Ϸѹеķŭͳʵ
ʲô˼ʲô˼ǬܵЦϷ㸺ҩݳɫãҲǴ˹ѧϰѧϰµȴסȥ·ôҴһ٣Ͳˣ


1028 ޲ɼ
ϷŭڣǬ⸱Żı飬ϷֱȥԷ˺Ƭ
ûʧȥǡ
ֱӶ֣·ʮĶҩҪױˡ
˵ǬΪ˿Լ֮¡
ʱ򣬱ϷСҩũҲҵķйݻٵҩ˵ɫҲȽһ
ǬҩũСӣСӹҩҩĹءǬСӣұϷСҩȽѲʱ룬ʲôϷЩɳƣ˫ĿֱҪ
Ϸʹˡ
ҽƬҩѧϰѧϰʮ֧ҩũСӹʮƬҩһھϷСӵҩݳɫáǬСӣҪѧϰϷСӵĹ飬´Ҳֵ֧ġǬҧԼϷСҩΪѧϰ
ѧϰҵҩô£Ϸָ·ݻٵҩʵ

ʧˣƫƫҪңһʱߣͳֽѵˡûԤϵὫҩһЩϷһҪ˵һǸһжֶҲȫǬɣǬƵȽ
ϵĵ⣬ûκΡ
ãðǾ´˹ϷȡѶʯѶ¡
ҩǴ£϶Ҫù֪
ϷǬͻϢܿʹ˿ҩũСӣ½Χ˹
һʮ֧ҩũСӣˡ
ݻٵҩЩҩũСӵĳԱҲɫ΢䡣
ûϷ˵ǣǬ
һҲһЩˣֻġϷСӹҩݳɫãһЩ˶ʼɡ
ÿһҩݳ죬ҪġҩõҩũСӣܵõʮһ񾧵ġ
ʮһ񾧰˭Ҫ
ڱϷСӵҩݻʮ֮һǼҩݳɫٺãջ֮Ҳˡ
⻹⡣
ҩũСӹҩʮ֮һǿдεġ
һΣֻ±ϷСӵ鷳ˡ

һ΢ֵȡԼĴѶʯ
ţ
Ϸͻ鷳ҩ⣿ҡԴ֮Щ
˽жǱϷǬ˵Ķͷ˾һҩĹ¡
ֹ˼䣬Լҩٷ˹ȥ£һĶҩҩ⣬Ҳҵ
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۾һɣ͵գ˼£ɫȻһ䡣
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⡭Ϸҩô£ңҩô£۾󣬶űϷֱҪ˱Ϸӡ
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ʲôǬתƵǬϡ
´ˣ²ܹҵġҪ֣͹֪𱰵֣ȻǱϷϷҲΡǬ˵Ƚ
´ŭȻҲó̫⡣
ô£Ǭ˵ƽһЩ
ǬһЦ龭һ顣
ǬһۣʵЩŭֲɵӣǬΪȻڹ¡ѰһͷĿľҪ˱ϷСӡ
ǣȴܽǬһǬƽʱТɲ١ǬıЩ¡
²ôģյΣ϶ǱϷС
ϷǬ˵ģʵ𣿡Ϸʵ
´ˣľȷʵˡǬڶұһЩʱ䣬СӸҩһݳɫãҵңҪҽҩҾܾˡ˻ģԽ֮£ľٶ´ΪϷ˵

Ϸôģ
ң㾿ô£ô£ǬѧϰΪҪѵôǬѧҩĹ𣿡
޴޲ɼűϷ
´ˣϷ˫ü
ˣ㲻˵ˡ£һϱŴɡڣҲٹƬҩˣǬ֡˵ĸ¶ԡ
ΣڱϷǬһζûңǬСӻ˱ϷʮĶҩ
ǬЦݸűϷ˵ҶϷ㻹̫һ㡣ҲҪңⶼҵġҽҩн£
ǬȫںʱôڳţԶ˱Ϸ


1029 
ȽϷɫް
´ƫǬʲô취Ƭҩϣ¶˵һ졣Ǿ㲻Σ
³ֻ»ҡ
Ϸ񹬣ʱȷʵˣһ㣬ꡣ
ǵԼոշʱһ񶼲ǡڽ˻֮󣬲ųΪһ񡣺μ񹬵ѡοˣ˳̭ͨ׶γΪʽԱ
ǣȻΪʽԱһ;˳񹬣ܵõٵԴ˵Сʵ㣬װӡ
꣬źò״ﵽ񾳽硣ԭΪܵʮĶҩҲǲĹƫƫǬֱ޳ܵˡ
Ϸô
ԺзŹȥ֣ϷЩңʲôʱ򣬲ܴӵһڶأ
´ˣǬĿ˵ˡ
Ǭӳ£ü
´ˣϷСӸʮĶҩݳɫȷʵܺáڣʮĶҩȴʮ֮һհǬҡҡͷ
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ԼһĶҩ֮ԱٵȫΪǸȽ֡ΪԲ׷Ź֡ǬĿȽ
ղȽǳĲãŪȽеŭ޷й
ǬûгǸˣȽ֣ûֱӻɱɲɱȽ򡣶ǣȽϾҩũֱӶɱȽҲԼܴ鷳ù¶ȽǾûˡ
Ǭ㲻Ҫ̫Ϸ⻰жʱ⡯һ¡
ǬҪȽϢ˲ˣǬȴþա
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һҩũҲˡȻһ£ûȨֱӴҩũġУҪһ̣Ҫͨ飬ʱҪȽˡ
ȻҪҩĺ飬ʵϣֻҪΪµĶ˼ȥǱضͨġҲ˵˶仰Ƚ򼸺Ǳˡ
´ˣϷȻԼ
ϷԼ黹ûأȰ㲻Ҫٺ֦ԼСҲϡ˼ñϷ졣
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ϷЦʲôǬĿ⿴Ϸ
ôҲһ¡ҾŪףֲ׵ˣôΪҩµģϷûǬȥˡ
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󵨣ҵӿɲ󡣶ĸ㲻һ£ôͱǬ߹Ǭ˵򶫣ȻͲˣ˭ǹ£Ϸŭ
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Ϸ˼ҲǱȽܵġ֪ʱԼվȽɡԼվԣҲֲ¶
Ψһİ취ǽִֵҲ޷ڸǵĳ̶ȣһ˿ϣ
ɫĿкŷ
ϷˣҿԸ㣬ɣϷ裬ǲٷŹϷģҪϷ

ԴˣǰǱϷڵҩˡ
뾰һͬжָǰ˵
;ҲȵҩĹŲѯϷ֣ȷϷڵλá
壬һͼҩΪǵͼҩԹģŷǳӴ壬ĶҩͨұϷڣҵϷѶȾʹˡ
ھҩ׾ȷ˱Ϸλá
ʱԺڵĵطȷʵѾܽӽһĶҩ
ǰƺΧˡĿ΢΢һ¡
˻Ľӽ˹ȥ
ʱҲǱϷִ¶˺ʱ򡣱Ϸŭļ仰ҲȻˡ
δ̫仯Ѿֳŭݡ
ԱϷȻ̫⣬ƽʱƵҲԲʡǱҩڲһľ˾ִ£ô֣
ǣǾԵ簡
ô£˿֮Ŀһתʵ
һڣҩϵˣȻİ˵˸
ȻҲ˾Ժ
ʲôˣԺİʶıһ䡣
ҩûеõȻܽӽ
Կ˿


1030 Ϸ
Եɨӡ
ղԶŭȱϷɡڵ˽ѯԼݣȻ֪˾ǱϷеĶƹƬһĶҩĹ¡
λǱϷ֣Կʵ
ʱϷҲڴԺ񣬲Ȼʶˡ
ԿڣϷһ㶡ˣѵרԼģԼѹû˰
ҾǱϷǣϷǰһžԹ˹֣Ŀдɻʵ
Ϸ֣ǾԡҲԱϷ֣ɫࡣ
ԱԼ֣Ϸ͸ˡ֣Ҳİúܡ
񹬵ȻǲСˣﶼ֪ԡǣ񹬵һж٣ֱԼЩУ˵ԵĿҲֻǼˡ
Ϸ뿪ҩߣ͸˵ˡ˵ʲôط˵֣ҲὫǸŹʵǰľϵһ
Ϸ֣鷳ԼϷûʲôӦּ˵
СӣûҵĻϹҲסˡ
ղѯʲôˣİļһȫˣûӡɫŭʵ
󵨣Ŷͺһ
ǵһľ˾ִ񡣡񱨳Լݡ
ľ˾ִ£
ܵȺСС궯ʮ˾֮һľ˾ҵȻ֪Ϊһͨߣ˭ʮ˾ΪһԱ
ǣʮ˾ɳԱΪϸȴһܽġҪʮ˾ΪøߣһҪᡣ㳬һ꣬ôʵǿ󣬾ʮ˾Ҳǲġ
֪ľ˾ִ£ܵˣȻⲻЩݡ
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ɨ˶һۣȴûл
ʱԵŭ
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񲻸ԼӣԼֺαظӣ񲻹ľ˾ִ£ݵλҲԼ൱ˡһ˵ľ˾˾ˣҲܲҩµͷϡ
£㷽Ϊ˵Ϸ߱ɣѵʲô۾һתʵ
ȻǷ˹ִ£ҲҩһĶջݣôûˡһƬҩǱϷֱӸġҩôʧѴ̰Цһ˵
ٴοһҩղʱ򣬾ͿҩƺǱΪݻٵġ
Ϸ֣ô£ʵ
ֻϷ붭ļԻ¼ǱϷĹǾҲֱӾϷߣҪҩʧֲϡ
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ʹ㽫ִľ˾ˣǶ£͸Ӳܽסˡ
΢һתϷͽ龭Žһ顣
ϷĽԾȫˡ£ȻֱϷҪ׷ΣǬˣӦøȫβŶԡ
Ϸ֣ҩȥʲô˼뿪ɡԶԱϷ˵
Ϸһ㶣һʱû׾Ե˼
뿪
ʱ뿪Լ뿪ʲôã𣿱ҩĹƨ𣿻УȽô죿
ǬҪȽģԲܶȽ򲻹ܡ
뿪
ͷ࣬Ϊ˭ҪϷ뿪뿪ˣǿЦǬЦһ۾ɨɨԣ˵
ǬԿǬ
ûӾǬǬˣںԣ
㾰ľ˾ԱΣˣһڣ쵱Ĵ
ԿǬЦЦ
Ŀһת£ղűϷֽľ˵һ顣Ϸ˵ʵ¿²ֱܹϷԼҩũСӰɣҪ׷ҩﱻٵΣӦǬŶԡ
Ǻǡ
δѵҪ𣿡Ц˵
ȻڽжΣˣҲϻ˷ʱ䡣ڣҪϷС뿪ҩҪʲộͿɡ԰ڰֵ


1031 ͱ
㶣Ц
ҾΪ˭ǱԶˡ
ֻǱҩһСС£Ҳһʲô˶ָֻܶŵġǿԱľ˾ִϣѾˡ
ִ£ҸһӡڣǽСӴߡȻɾͺ˵ˡ˵
ҲʧЦ˿ԣдȾԵ˼
ֵܣôʶңϷѯʾԡ
˼ǰҲ벻ΪλʶԼҿƺרҩԼġ
Ϸ֣ǶǷߣͬһ͵硣ԶԱϷ˵
ţϷԾžԡ
ȷʵû뵽ԻԼͬһ͵󣬱Ϸɫü뾰ԣȻԼ硣
ԭһǬЦһ
´ˣ㻹ڵʲô
ѵͿһҩҰǬͱ˵Ŷк
ղǬľԻʲôݱһֱ̣ϷĶԻȫˡһôʲô󱳾츳񹬱ľ˾ɣҲֵһᡣ
ǬùԹԱĳ졣ԶǬʧȥġ
Сô˵ģ֪˭ǬҪԼ죬ֱӾͷҪ֡
ԿǬ䡣

Сӣҿߣҹǲľ˾ԱǬԾԳˡ
ֵСģϷǬ֣æԾԺһ䡣
󣬱ϷһھǰȻžΪԼǬС
Ǭ֣û˼෴Ļ¶ЦݡǬɱ˾ԣʲôϵľ˾Աľ˾Ļ׷ҲǬǰ涥šǬڣһľ˾ҲĪκΡ
ϷھǰŭһϷʲô
ڶŭȱϷʱȴͫ΢΢һھǰıϷһ˿
˲֪ô£Ϸȴͷһֻоһ޷ܵţ壬Ʋסı͵һߡŤͷԣѵǾͷŵܽԼ͵һߵģ
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Ϸͷڷתʱ򣬾Ϳָ΢΢һǬڵλһ
һָۣڿռ֣ѸǬ̹ȥ
Ǭ߶ҪԻɱԵһָ¶Ц
С֣ҷǬûԵĶϣԭֻ㣬㾹ҷǾɣ
ԵָۣʱǬͷųܽӴ
Ǭδȫ£ͷŵܣһֽ㱻˺飬֮˲ϢһָۣٶȲĵֽǬ塣
⡭ôܣǬȻѹ
仰˵ϣһѪӿ
ָʧǬ嶶һ£ӿ׹䡣һͨھǰȷʵϰˡ
ǬֹԷٵǬ̣Ҳգ֮顣
ȵ˷ӦǬѾ棬һ졣
е۾ȻĿɱǬľԡ
𾪣ǲҰסˣǬҲҪǣˡ
㡭㾹ɱǬһԾԺ
ɱΣһת
Ȼ֣ٶȴ죬һǰ壬ſеŭ㹥ԡ
εߣսȻ
ߣһߡ
һɺصѹӾͷų͵ȥ
ŭӵĶܵϵϢһ뵽ղžһָǬɱӲסԼĹɫãžԡһָоԼҲǾԵĶ֡
ǲּͣ³ܿҲǬһɲ
㵽ʲôˣžʵ
ֻǵŶûлӦ
˭鷳ˡɱǬ¨ӡľ˾ĳԱҲһ˵ţȡѶʯ
Ȼڱţû˼
ֵܣ㡭ɱǬϷлָ˿Ǭʬ壬ֿԡ
ֵܣߣ뿪ɣصľ˾ܻϷɫҰףԾԴߴ˵


1032 ֪ô
ԶűϷҡҡͷ
ղǿֱ뿪ȴˣõ´ꡣЦſ˵
ֵܣǬд󱳾ģûͿ˵Ǭʹ˹ϵͬһ㰡Ϸ˵
ҩ쵼һһλʹλʹɡʹ͸ʹ֮£ڶܡ֮£Ƕֹˡһ£ԼǸһĶҩȻҲвֹ¸ҩһЩﵽĶҲǿܵġ
һӴĵͼҩһĶ֮ޡ
ǬĸʹϵܣǾѹֶҵǬˡ
ϷĻֻüҩĸʹڵһĵλ϶ľ˾˾֮£ȷе˵ӦǱȶһ˾Ҫߡ
Сӣ͵űаɣ
Ҳȥˣӻľ˾Ҳûáһľ˾Ҳס㡣㷸˭ҲȲ㡣ѶϢͳȥѶʯֶž˵
Ƕ˵ͻתءþˣ³ضң˵λһŭ֮£ֱӾҪȥҾˡֻҪ׻ڣӦܱס
ԿŶЦ
ЩҩũСӣ˽̸۵ģ޷Ǿڽӣˡ
ɱǬͱˣ
ϷֵܣͲΪԴ˵ˡԾԴ˵ݵλڵһ֮ڣ˭Ҷ񣿡ҲԺͱϷЦŶԱϷ˵
ʲôϷһʱ޷˼
Դˣ
ľ˾ִôƺΪˡ
ϷֵܣԴ˵ʵݵλĺˣǾűҩĴϷһЦݡ
Ϸ͵Ŀֿԡ
ֵܣʲôʱģϷ̧üʵ
֮ǰꡣԻӦ
ϷжʱԻˡ
ԲŸոս񹬣ľ˾ִ£ΪγƺΪˣʱ䣬ܴﵽߵĵλȻȵһľ˾ִµλҪߣ

ҩ
֮ǰԺ񵽹ѯϷڵҩ򡣶ʱæģǹһλܡʱλܲæܣʵݣ˵Ҫ߳һΣǿܴﵽһ˾˾ĳ̶ȡ
񱨳Եݺλ֪ԣ̾Ϳİæˡ
ھԺ뿪֮λܾȽش󣬱ϱʹʹ֪ʹʹһ֪󣬵һ£ŵ̬һͬԡ
ֻһͨߣǹʹ͸ʹҲӣǣҪ˵ԽӴǿ϶ǲܵˡͨߣҲѣñʹӡ
ԣȻǷͬһ㣬ǰ;ھδȫɳʱ뾰ԽύǾѵõĺûᡣ
ʹʹˣټ˲ٹܣһͬǰԣĿľΪþԾӣסǼˡ
·ϣһλʹȴǽӵ˶ĴѶѶϢݺɫʱͱˡ
λʹǬĿɽǬĹϵȷʵǳܡǬ
ʹαһ䡣
ôˣʹüα
ˣǸ뾰Է˳ͻҶˡѶ˵ǬҩﱻԸɱˡαɫ˵
УҲһƬŭ⡣ǱȽ۰ġǬõĶӣ磬α㽫õĸ飬עǬֶӵϡǬܽ񹬣αҲǻ˲ٵα˾ڣǬǲܴﵽεġ
ôᷢ£ʹ˫ü
αʹ·ͬСɣɲҪ嶯ǾԣĿǰǵľ˾Աʵǿò˶þܽĹҵõһЩϢ˵Ĵйעʹ˵
֮⣬ھαҪСʧﾰˡ
ʹˣǿαЩġ
ֲǶӣǾԳͻԲκκôԼúһ롣ڿԸ㽻ףҪǾԳͻǲվ߰ġʹһαʩѹ˵
֣˼һλʹҲȰ˵ǾǱֻܽǲֵúôġң컨ϵߴʮţزۣض񰡣
α˸˺һᣬվ̾һ
֪ôˡǬΪҪǾԶ֣αҧ


1033 
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ȻвʣǴЭʹ˵ǬֻһǶӡȻ۰վԶһϵ
˵㱻ɱαĶӣαҲúú˼һôӦԣ뾰˺ĺпܲһҩʹܳܵġ
ʹһλʹαôһ˵Ҳɳһ
αʹҲؾ̫ʹġǾɱǬҲ֪ǬĹϵʱΪбģȴǲͿЦӭ˵᲻оΡ
һѵõ뾰Դùϵĺûᡣʹ˵
ʹ˵öԡһʹͷǡ
α̾ϢһҲŵ˵ͷ

˺£
ΪδҶۼ
ƹܵһĶҩ︽ۼıҩȴԽԽࡣвٵĹ£ڶҩũСӡ
ҩгһĶĵ͵ҩҩũСӣȻҲǷǳ֮ġ£ֵµҩũСʮֻЩ£мʮ֧ҩũСӡ
Ǭˡ
ǬĸǬ
ĸǬ
˵ĲǡôܣôиʹĹϵڣ˭Ҷ֣Ĳͷˣ
ڻ˵ӦòǱ֣߳˵һЩƺǵһľ˾ִ»һʲôµ֡
洳ˣǬıиʹڣɱǬʹԲưոݡǾȻߣ𣿡
˷֪ˡ
ʹˣʱ򣬲֪˭Ⱥдһ
еĿ⣬һλȥȻʹ˺λʹ˷жʹ븱ʹ󣬻ܴͬ
̿ɾͷǳˡ
ΪһǬʹʹȻˡ
˾ƺЩԣ˵Ǭ븱ʹα˵ĹϵܺãҲӦþʹ˰ɣ
ʲôҩĸ߲ȫˣЩ˼顣
ߣʹ˵
Ⱥ궯ܿģ㷢ʹʹ˵΢΢һæӭȥ
һʱ򣬶Ĺûʸʹġ븱ʹαЩϸҪҲΪǬڶµһҩũСӵĶӳ
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ʹˣλʹˣλܴˡĹ˵
ʹĿ⣬ȫûڶͣǴǰ澰Եڵλá
α˶һۣ¶һĨЦαȻҾԵ鷳ɲԼɱûһŭŭ𣬲ܶԾԷйָηй
ûʲôӹˡ
Ҳ˸ʹαķŭĿ⣬΢̧ͷ̵ȥ
λˣܣ˽ҩˡæԼĴЩڸղѾ˼СĴ۽Լ֮ժ
ûȶ˵꣬ʹǣȴֱӴߴйȥˡ
ô£ͷоӰ߾һͷˮ
̧ͷŷԼǰȻһ˶ûˡعȻʹˣžڵλ÷йȥ
ǡѵֱɱǾˣ
԰ƺЩ̫ԣôҲӦ˵껰֮жɣ
ʲôð麹оͷһɺѵǶԼһ͵Ļ𣿡
ˣһ£ǺȻʲôæʹ˳ȥ
λˣ˽Գǵһľ˾ִ¡Ǹɫۿ˽оԣҩǬӳǾԳɱ񼫣޷죬ȫûǱҩһ˵ٺܿ죬Լٲһ£Ҳû˵Ļˡ
ⷬʹɫɾѿˡ
ʹ˿ʹα
αʹ˼Ϣһȵ˶һȥԴ˵֣Ҳе𣿡
αһŭȣȻҲ˵ġ
⻰˲˹ʹˣµˡ
αʹ˵ʲôԴˣȻαʹĳΪԴˣôܣ
ԾĵȻǶһˣһƬҩܣΧ۵ʵСαܵҲαϾþ仰ģȻС


1034 һƬ
ȺĿˡ
ԭΪʹ˵ǣǬɱҪʦġʱα˵ĻȴеʦƫƺЩ
վھߵıϷҲĿɿڴ˵ʵʱıϷǷǳŵġЩӭϷֻЩѡ
ΪǾߵǰʹžԹ˹֣Ŀ⿴žԿʵ
ǾԡԵͷ۾΢΢
ʱҲɿġܹҩҳͻǾԿ϶ҲӲӲֻҩģǾҲֻܽŷ㵽סڿԷ̬ȣƺơ
Һ׹벻ᵽұҩһ޴֪е֮ΪʹҩһЦ˵
ʹˣҩû顣ֻǣϷͬһ͵磬֪﹤Կ˿Ϸ
Ŀ⣬ҲϷ΢ЦϷϢ΢΢Щ꣬δ˽ĽӴô
ЩҵͬʱϷҲ룬ԵʲôݡΪΣĺʹˣԾ˿֮ǰִõĵʱ򣬱ϷΪֻǿο֮Ļڿִ˵һ㶼ûǱҩҲƺ羰ԡ
ԭϷӳǾͬ簡
ǣԵͷֻǽˣȴҩϵһЩ˷һЩ顣
Ҳûɣ֮ǰǬìܵľϽһ顣Ҿر˵ǬȶֹԼֻѡ
ǬǸ˻˵ĶֵܽɱӦáαʹԴкοصĵͷ
Խľûлɾ˵ǼٻǬαҲжţ֪ҩｾݰ裬֮ǰαҲùʡڣȴ˾ǿˣǬ³Ҳҵġ
ǬȻҵΪʵʹޡֻܷģҾԲаֹ˼վ㾰ûнɱˣҳ̲סҲԶ֡αʱǰ̤һԾһ֣ص˵
αʹ壬˾塣Զα˵
αôģٱαϵ̬ȱȽϿҲȥ̽α˼ĻԹʱƣԼʵֻԽԽǿ󣬵λҲԽԽߣα˶ԼвֻԽԽС
ʹ뾰ԵĶԻǼҪʹȥ
֪ôղֻ̬Ҫźˣ԰Լ˵ûǸʹαˣҲ׶Լɣ
ںڣѾЩˣȷʵ벻Ի˴ӡ
ǰ˵Щҡ
ˣΧ۵ȺͬˡʱѾʼ۾ԵʲôݣΪʹǻԾô
һߣ뾰Ե˵衣룬ҲʹӦˡΪϷ뿪ҩҪڱҩģϷһֱǱĳԱ
ͺǵľ˾ĳԱȵĹ󣬵ľ˾ͻὫԵϢ
ǵϷ˳ƾʹӦ˺롣һˣƺƵűҩȥ
ϷȽҲһͬˡ
һ·ϣ뾰һЩ񹬵顣Ҳ˼ԼõĹϵԶԴˣǲУЦȻҲ
ִ֮󣬾ԳѯʱϷ
Ϸ֣뿪ҩ뿪һ㰲һµĹűϷ
Ҳ±Ϸڱҩ˱ǸʹαˣȻڿȾ뿪˶ԸϷҲǲܵ顣ԾԵ˼ǴϷ뿪ҩ
֮ǰִҲ˵ˣһҩڵҩеһľ˾ҩϷȫȥһľ˾ҩ
ϷֵڱҩòǺܺΪҪ뿪ҩҵǾãϷֵȫʤιµĹЦ˵
ǰʹ˵öԡϷֵܣɡҿǶܴ󣬲̫ʺϼι£Ͷ˶ˡһλʹҲ˵
Ҳα˵
⡭ϷЩɡ
Ϸ֣Լ»뿪Լ˵
ԣ˵öԡȻϣϷֵϷֵﲻ죬ҲԲűϷֵܡ


1035 ֵܵľ
еϣϷڱҩ
֪ԼϷڱ壬Թɴ˿ԿóǱȽظˡϷڱҩԺǱҩȻ뾰и׽ᡣ
ϣϷ£ȴֲ̬ǿӲϷ£Ҳ¶ǿ˼ֻʵ䷴þԲá
˶΢ЦűϷ
ϷȻ֪ʹڶԼǶǿھԵϡûоԣ˾Բ࿴һۡԣûб¶˿ݣȻҲ׵εˡ
Ϸδ˼̫ʱ䣬˾
ҼڱҩɡϷľ
ϾڱҩͷˣĻϤ
Ϸ˵£ǸΪϲá
ϷֵܹҩǱȽǿġΨһǷȱΪ˵㡣һЩڹһҲǲԡЦ˵
ⷬʵ˵ģ֮ǣñϷιѾǼˣϷֻΪαϷιܣȷʵ˵ȥңˣҲᾴηϷ
˵ף磬ҪʵǿУͬҲˡҩڣܵι£һ㶼ҪΪˣ˵ܡ
ʹˣԱϷֵڹҩϵǿԶƹһЩҩƹܵҩһĶҿĶαӿ˵
αʱҲȫɱİȻҪ뾰Դùϵûһλԡ
αʹԣ⣡°͵ͷ
ϷȻЩ
ƹĶҩԺõԴɾЩˡ
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ԼĹϵڣϷڱҩҲӦûٸ۸ˣضҲעչ˱Ϸ
Ƭ̣ǡ
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ˣȻޱȸˡ
Ϸ֣һƬ½ߣصϷסķԲʵ
ԴˣֱӽְɡͿܱ󣬵ΪϷھǰȻʲôηǲȫſд
ͬһ͵磬αôҡҡͷҲҪҴˡ
ԶԱϷȷʵһ˵УϷ֣Ժͽ־Լɡ
⡭ðɣϷһ£ͷӦ
Ϸ֣Ҵ²̽Ϣͬһ͵绹һͯԵߣ֪𣿡
ͯԣϷ΢˱䣬ֵͯܣʶ˵ֵͯҷʱˣһͬӡֻǿϧֵͯãھ֮һɱޣˡҺҲ˳ӣֹ˺Щʱ䣬ҩ
Ϸ˵š
Ҳ̾һ
ϷһƬ½ߣʵ
Ԫ½ģֵһƬ½أϷ˵
̫ˣҲԪ½ߡԸ˵˵
Ǹ͵磬Ƭ½û뵽˾Ȼͬһ͵磬Ԫ½ߡ
벻Ԫ½Ȼ˾ֵôž޵šϷ̾˵ֵܣʹǣ㶼ǳŷãݣ
ҪһЩ⼸겻ͨˣѾǵľ˾ԱЦŰڰ˵

ľ˾ϷЩɵۡ
ȷʵţӵһڶͷǳˡϷ񹬳ʱ䣬ǵһߡľ磬ﵽ˱ڶ˵ϷԼû̫ġ
㣬ȵӽʱȥμӽڶĿˡ
һڶѾôѡԣȴѾǵľ˾ԱˡԵʵжǿ
ϷǿǬһָɱģԵʵ϶ǬǿöࡣǣϷ벻ԾȻѾ֪ߣҲ񡣶ܽʮ˾ģȻһ
ֵܣڵľ硭Ǽ񰡣𾪵΢ѹ£ϷžԣСʵ


1036 Ԫ
ϷǬɱʱ򣬾⡣ﵽڣڻ̲ס˳
ȷʵǼ档
·ģڵ͵磬츳ǿҲǴﵽһ
һ磬ջ֮˲񣬻Ҳпܴﵽ
ɼˣһսǿǵܽ񹬵ĵڶȴ˵Լǵľ˾Ա
ȻƭϷǣ벻ͨ
ҲǰѾ񡣡΢Ц˵
ߡǡϷ΢΢һ𣬺Ȼžԡ
Ժ֮УһƬհס
ԱϷԵûпʲô߱ϷԼոսջ֮֮һΪ񡣽񹬺ֽͻƣɹ̤񾳽硣
ž˵ĻϷֻܲŰһУ̫˼ˡãϷźò׽ܡ
ҲȻ׹ΪιĴԾԶôĿ
Ϸ֣ǸߣӦвٰɣ֮Уʵ
ţȷʵһЩġļǧ꣬˾֮⣬ûġǧǰǸƽһʮһġ
Щߣеı񹬣Ҳбȥ񹬵ġ
μѡο˲ͨģ⼸ӦֻҡֵܻͯоֵˡֵͯѾȥֻˡϷ˵š
ǿʧܵأʡ
ǺǣЩĴǺεġѡοʧܣֱӱͳȥų֮ڣûпɽֻñ𵽿ҰˡϷЦ˵
ô˵˶ųҰϣüͷ
񹬵ʱųҰϵս𣬾
ҪڿҰʳҲһ׵顣
ǰųǿҰһԪ䡭ϷԾ˵
Ϸܾˣ֪꣬ྰԲ֪顣
ϷĽҲ˽ˡ
ͬһ͵ߣųǿҰϣһ䡣񹬣μѡοʧ֮󣬾ˣԪ䡣в䣬ȻǱһڿҰҪһЩ
Ϸ֪Ԫλ𣿡תĿʵ
֪ģȥΡȻ˲䣬ڻޱȵĿҰ㣬ȷʵǺѵ顣ʱΪԴͿܱģɱÿһɱȥǣҲûа취顣Ϸ͸Ρ
񹬣ǻüˡЩ޷񹬵磬Ϊ˻ȡԴ˵ÿ춼ðա
Ϸ֣һȥԪ俴һ
ֵܣȥϷһ㶣¶ϲɫ
ԵʵԼ񹬵ݵλܱȵġԹԪ䣬Щͬ磬Ժӻùܶࡣ
ͬ磬ҲԼˮ֮СԵͷ
ãʲôʱǰϷ
ϷǷ㣬ھͳԵ
ȳ񹬣뿪ųǣҰ
Ϸȡһ鴬뾰Ե鴬鴬ǰˣ񹬱־ġ
ģԲİ񹬵ʱǽӳ鴬ǰιҳġ
񹬵ģڿҰϷУЩߣ㲻·Ҷӡ
û񹬵ģһ鴬ڿҰϷУֻ»֪Ҫٶ˼Ҫٵǿ
Ϸ߶鴬Ԫλ÷йȥ
֮
ԪųǣңԶҡͷ˵
Ϸ鴬ȻٶȲǺܿ죬кüȻûеִԪ䡣ɴ˿ɼԪųǣȷʵǱȽԶġ
Ԫ䣬ֻͬ罨һСͲ䡣ųǣǶǴĵ̡Ϸ˵
ϷĻҲȻĵͷ
ҲˣԼٹһĹ򣬾ִܵԪˡϷ˵
Ԫֵܣ֪Թ϶˻˵ġϷЦ
ҲЦЦ
ַһ죬Ϸ鴬ٶȡ
ֵܿǰԪľݵˡϷָ֣ǰ
ҲԪ䡯֣Ƕӡ֮С⵹ǣųǵı־ơɢܣȻǲǼȡ
ЩǶӡе֣۵ġԽǿ۵֣ɢܵȻԽǿ
ͬһ͵ֵܣֻҪԪ伸֣ͻ塣Ϸ˵


1037 
ģһƬͰӳ뾰ߡ
˷ɳ鴬ȥ
Ƭܣʱ˾䣬Ϸ鴬ӽԪ˾ͷˣ˴ӷڱ۳Ͼ֮ɫ
Ƭս𲻶ϵĿҰʳ̫ˡɱʱ޿̲ڷиӭ֮֡ԣ鴬ԼĲ䣬ڵߣȻκεĴ⣬ʱ׼ս
ŵܿ
ԪߣȻʶϷġϷԪΣԲҲʱӦڵ߿ǱϷˣ嶼ɳϱ㶼ֳϲɫ
ˣӭ˹
ϷˣûйˡһģߣЦһϷк
ϷȷʵвûԪˣҲû취顣Դ˱ҩ֮󣬾ûʲôеʱ䡣񹬵Ԫ䣬һһأٲҪʮµġ
Ϸȷʵ鲻ڵǺ࣬ҩĹ£ҩϵһЩС飬Ȼ˸Ӧ
ֵܣϷҲЦŻӦ
λǣеߣĿ⿴ԡ
İף貢δʱϷһİ˹Ȼ²⾰Եݡ
Ǿֵܣͬһ͵硣Ϸһ䣬ԣλǵֵܡ
ֵܺãԹִк
ֵܣ̫ˣѾмǧʱ䣬ûԪˡ˵ͬһ͵ģϲ֮Ա
顣
ˣҲ׷뾰Դк
ԣЩ磬Ҳ˵úܡܸоЩ˵ϲǷġ
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˴ʱڲڣߣҴȥ졣ֵܸոշȷʵӦüһˡһ˵һ߽ԺͱϷ뵽֮ڡ
ԸһЩ󷨣΢΢ҡҡͷԪ󷨣ǱȽϼªˡ
ڵ⣬󷨵ƺǲ٣ԵĲ̽Ҳмʮ֮ࡣǣת󷨣ȻֻѡķбȽǿǿ϶ǵסʱ䡣
벿ߣЩе񶼲ǣ󲿷֣һͶΡЩ˵·ߣ뾰Դк
žˣ𽥿һ΢ɵĽδǰӽھһ˳
ˡˣæ
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˵Ϊ죬Ѱ˼Żϲ¡û뵽ϲ£ϷֵܾȻˡϿռϷ̻˵
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ϸһ룬һ죬񾳽ΪȷʵЩˡ
Ͽ죬һ£λǾֵܣշáֵܣҲԪ½ߡϷЦ˵
Ԫ֮ڵߣȫԪ½ģ½½ߣҲС֣֮ԽԪ䣬ΪˣԪ½ġ
ս֮ǰԪ½ȷʵǿģʥࡣģҲԪ½ࡣԪ½֮˥ܣսɵġΪԪ½ǿ߶࣬ս֮г࣬ЩȥˣҲԪ½

ֵܣã̫ˣ
Ǹ͵磬ǧû·ˡڣ˷ϿϷĽܺ󣬶ʱЦ˵
ս֮Ǹ͵磬ȷʵûʲô߷ˡ˵һûУԲࡣиͨͨģҲδػѡ񹬣Ҳܱ񹬡
˵Ǳ񹬵ģμѡοʧܺ󣬲ò뿪ųǵĿҰϣҲǿܣδҵԪ֮ǰû
˵ǧ꣬ûǸ͵ķԪˡ
ֵܣԺļҡͰֻҪǲֵܣǶܵԴġȻոչǷԴҲ١Ц˵һ䡣
ԣΪҪԪġ
ôϿ죬Ҳ뷨Էãǲμ񹬵ĿʧˣǡñϷϷžԪ䡣
ֵ˵ûֵܣԺϿսӹĻԣ΢Ц˵
Ͽ뷨һΪԲμѡοʧˡϾ񹬵ѡοˣҪͨȷʵǷǳѡ


1038 ʵ
Ϸ;ˣⷬȴ
Ϸ¶΢εЦݣϿ˵Ͽ죬ˡ
᣿Ͽüͷ΢塣
ֵܡϿտԣѵ㲻ԪǲڣֵܣŽһһȻԴȽѷܱһ˶Դࡣ
˵ö԰Ҳæ
ǸֵѾˡϿոЦһ
Ͽ۾һЩȵĿ⿴žԡ
񹬣
˵ʵϿյˣ񹬿϶ִġǣȻҲ񹬡ǣͨѡοˣȴһ׵顣
ңμ񹬵ѡοˣҪһǧơЩУжڷʱǧꣿ
һͳǧֱ꣬Ӿûʸμѡοˣûл񹬡Ͽߣ츳ʵܲμѡοˣҲкܴͨġϿյʱ򣬾Ѿһ֮侳ȻûֱӽȴҲǺܽӽˡ
ϧʱͳǧ꣬μѡο˵ĻᶼûС
Ԫ֮ڣϿûвμӹѡο˵ߣռ˴
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ߣϿ뾰ԺͱϷ뷿ᡣ
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ϿѯһЩ͵Ҳŵ˵һ¡Ͽյ˲ŻȻ򣬹ֲ⼸ǧ궼ûߵԪ䣬ԭ͵緢һ춯صĴս
ڣսѾˡ
Ͽ죬ҹ۲첿Ĵ󣬺ֻתС̸֮УԲһ²״
Ԫ佨ʱҲмˣôʱڲⲼõ󷨵в٣Ӧʮ֮ɡǣתҪԴϿҡͷһΡ
תҪԴ
ǶԪСͲԣԴȴǺѷġڲԱ⣬˵άתˡ
Ͽ죬ιһЩ񾧡Ϸóһָֽ
ϷֵܣÿιһЩԴʵҲ֪ȻһЩȡԴҲסܽԴ͸ǣЩⲻȥϿ̾һ
ϷȷʵһΣ񾧵Ԫ䡣ȻϷԴҲ࣬⣬ȴ˾óġ
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Ͽտ˿ϷЩ졣
ǣǽϷ
Ҳ̲סݣһǧöһ񾧣ϿվȻ˹ȥܸоϿյΣѣϿ죬ôܽӹϷһǧöһ񾧣
ɴ˿ԿԪĴȷʵǷǳΣʵҲΪ
תţԼӦҲóһЩ񾧸Ԫ䡣ϵ񾧣Ǻܶˣһй֮࣬ҲʣһЩ쵤ǻмǧö֮ޡ
ڵľ˵ǰһ񾧣Ҫ׬ȡҲ£޷ǾǻһЩʱȥƵҩѡһЩϻתȥʮɡ
һһ񾧣Ԫ䣬ǿһʷǳ˵Դ
óԴʱһȴ
ˣ΢΢Ž
Ͽյͳ
һԪĺߣ첽˽߿Ϸ;ԣ˷ֱ˹֡
Ͽգ˵ˣˡ
ô£Ͽɫһ䣬Ҳǿһ¡
ԪӡٸֵܣָſǵԴ
С̫¶ŭɫֵˣкüֵˣ
ˣСôߣԽãǾԽǾǺ۸磬ֵܣƴ˰ɣҧ˵
Ͽ͵վĿŭӿ
һߵıϷɫҲ˲١
ȥмλϹϿնԺ߷Ը
ǣתȥ
ϷֵܣֵܣҪˡ⣬̽ܵ顣ϿմǸ˵
ֵܡϷϢ
ϷҲʶ
ֵڿϸû뵽СﾹôĵӣҶԳֵ֣ܶϿյͳ
ԿóϿѹŭ
ϷֵܣҰ;ֵȥϢұ̴Ȼܿܳ⡣ȿλϿյ


1039 ̫
ϿմʱȷʵŭھԺͱϷǰŭֳ
ѹеŭ𣬾ǲӰ쵽ԺͱϷˡ
Ϸ˿ԣתĿϿա
Ͽ죬ȻԪĳԱҲΪԪ鷳ʱҿԹۡԪСһйϵԣҲվ߳ȥϷ˵
Ϸһˣһ㣬ڱҩʱѾ
Ͽǲ⣬ҲҲ˵
⡭
֪Ǻ⣬ǡϿԥ
Ͽ죬뾰ֵܺôҲ񹬳ԱСһЩѹϷɳһ˵
˵ĻϷȷʵɳһԲԪǸղűϷܾͻþԲˡ˵ϷҲͷˣһҲһΪˣڱҩϾ£Ϳӡ֤һ㡣
ҩϷͷ
˵ţ漸Ӱ½
⼸ˣԪĳϵȸ߲ˡԸӦһ£Щ˶񾳽硣
ЩϷкһ£֪ԵݣҲ򵥵ĺѼ䡣Ϊ⣬Ҳû;ԡϷ˵ʲô
ߣȥϿһֵ
ߣ
С
ԪһԾƴˣԪ·СҲù
Щ֮УҲƢȽϻ𱬵ġ˵Сɱ˳򻹴˲ֵܣŭЩѹסˡ
ûе飬̳ԺͱϷˣҲһͬǰһЩֵܿز䣬һٶֵܣƵſжȥ
Ԫ䲢Զ˷Уһʱִܵ
Ϸ֣ᣬô£Բô£ϷƺȽ˽⣬ڷи·Уѯʵ
ԪСפضԶһ֣ͱע⡣
˵ῪȨʱҲˡ񹬵ĳԱСҵݣһЩɵġԣЭ˫ȡɡҲ֪ô£ƺСﲻֻȡҪˡϷ򵥵˵һ
۾΢Уÿܳ񾧣
񾧣ϷЦʯʲô񾧰ңС͵ʯƷʯǺܶġǴʯ񾧿СﻹԪ䣬Ⱦָ
Щ䣬ûһʡ͵ĵơϷεı˵
ʯҲЩЦá
ΪһСʯЩȻҪʱ򣬾ԶҰļѣ˽øˡ
һʱ˵ִ
ԶԶģͿ˶šһ˽ֻмʮһȴв¶ٸ֮ࡣ϶һӦþСˡ
Ⱥ

ϿƥˡһߣԱߵ˵
ߣСİͿСҲ񾳽硣һ˫۾ĿɨϿߣҲǸֳɭЦ⡣
͵ءЦ˵
Ͽյ˵ִǰСŵļԪԱæÿ
ϿպԪλϣԼԺͱϷˣȺǰ档
ˣ
ˣ򡭡ֵˡ
ȺĻ쵰ɱ˳ֵܡ
졭
ԪڿϵļʮֵܣߵĿڡ
Ͽն˰˰֣ɫ档
ʲô˼ϿնŶߣͳʵ
ǺǣϿ죬ŭӣƺǶСЩЦ
ֻ㲻һĻ˵ȥϿվɱ⡣

Ͽ죬Ԫ䣬ҪʲôŶˣҲǣԪһгˡֻǣܹСҳԲȻҪǺûӣ߻Ȼ˵
ߣֽѺ
˲˵С£ʲô㣿Ϸǰһ˵
ϷҲ˰ѺϷ΢˱䡣
ԱϷݣȷʵôһɵϷΪǺǿɱϷ񹬳Աݣȴ˲С
˵׻˵ÿֳɣ˫Ҳ˳ЩΪҪ¶ˡϷü
ϷֵܣѾֳˣǰѾķֳˡСԪġϿȭͷҧ˵


1040 ǿ
ϿⷬϷüͷ΢΢һ塣
ԪС̸УǲġЭĽ˫ȡһԴϿ˼ֳɱͱˣСռɷݶ
һţôˡ
ʼʱ˫ЭռһԴСķֳɱҪõ࣬Ԫѡá
Ԫ֮ѡãҲǲѡԿ˿ߵʵ൹Ǻܴ󡣲СȷʵҪ΢ǿһЩ˫һ񡣵ߣСȴԪһҲŶĸˡ
ɱС϶Ҳ˲أԪ䣬ֻ¾Ҫˡ
Ͽò϶Ҳûа취顣֮ûϷ˵Ȼǲ̫鷳ϷϾԪİѾܴ˵ϷҲﲻ϶æϷϾֻѡ
췢СɱԪԱ£ͼѾԣСθԽԽռݿɵĳѾ޷ǵθˡ
С϶ҪԪò
ϷȰ㻹ǲҪΪáҲӣҵΪ¼ٺֵܿǡֲԪˣαǿͷѺűϷ˵
ȷʵЩɵϷݡ
¶˼ˣϷҪΪԪͷҲֻܵ
ΪڱϷ֮ǰϿ˵ˡ
Ͽ죬Ҿֱ˵ˡСҪռݾųɵķݶʣµһɣԪ䡣ѺֿϿգҵĵߡϿ죬ÿһ¡˵ʵһɵķݶҲǿǰ˫ദǢķϣŸԪġ
Ѻ⼸仰һ˵ԪˣʱȻ
СռųɣԪֻռһɣ
Ѿ̫뽫Ԫˡ

Ѻ޹ɱԪԱҪռųɷݶãԪô۸𣿡ϿŭЦ
죬ɱɣ
һΣѾ޿ˡ
ǲ䣬ָʯСҪоųɵķݶǡԣͿսɣվھˣĿж¶ɱ⡣
ϿգҲü˵ʵСӲƴΪƴɱĽԪ޷ܵġڵƺѾûѡ
Ԫ䣬ҪС￪ս𣿡
Ǻǣǻ֪һ°ɣǰһĳһ衣ӻ˵·ûܵԪɢɱ
䣿
⼸֣ϿյˣɫȻһ䡣֮ǰСƴ˵ˣĿж¶֮ɫ
䣬ƬڣǿĲ䡣
ųǿҰȻʲôǣСԪС˵ǾްһĴڡ
˵Ԫ䣬ҲǶƤӵ顣
ϿףѺĵǴӺζˡѺȻǿ䡣
Ѻ˵ĳϣϿյȻҲ֪ˣһ񾳽ǿߡǿߣΪСѹСɱԪĳԱҪռųɷݶ
Ͽյ˼ӳ
֪ѺοĵģһȷѺԲҺҽҡײƭ
ԪĳԱ
Ԫ䣬ͱС΢һ㡣ڣСɽԪС￪սǽֻԪҲڲ˶ˡ
䣬𣿡ʱͻȻ˵
֮ǰһֱĬһ仰û˵ͻȻڣڳˣĿⶼеϡ
Ȼ֪жǿ
ףλСֵܵİúܣǰƺûϿ죬Сֵ¼Ԫ𣿡ѺžԣǷЦʵ
Ԫ򽻵Ѿܳʱ䣬˵ԪԱȫԾԣȴûκӡ
ҽоԣ񹬳ԱûϿջӦѺȿڱԼݡ
Ѻһ
񹬣̫ǿˡת˿Ϸֿ˿ԡԪ䣬Ȼ񹬵ĳԱϵ
ҺãҺԼĴȣȻ治ҶԪ󶯸ɸꡣ
ǺǡЦЦתϿ죬㿼ǵˣʵҲܼ򵥣ҪôȥԪ߿һԴҪôԪӴԺ󳹵ʧϿǴˣӦ֪ôѡ񡣡
Ͽ飬Ԫ죬һʱҲѾ
Ͽ죬ǺǿĲ𣿡ֿʵ


1041 ɱ
Ͽմʱ飬Եѯʣûϸش˼
ûз£϶Ҫúд磬ʱﻹǸ飿
һƬڣʵǿĲ䣬򡣡ϿյҲòǾԣͼ˵һ䡣
Ϸȴ΢΢üȻҲϿնԾԵ̬Щܡ
Ͽյ˲֪ԵʵݣɱϷȴһġæ˿ԵɫϿþԲá
ֵܣҲһЩ˽⣬˵죬һλ񡣶ңƺڲһλƬƶ֮أǰĴڡϷƺûб΢˿˵
ŶȷʵЩʵԵ˵ͷǺ⡣
ʵҲȷʵˡ
񣬾ҲȫںоǵһЩв
ɵϿյ˱鶼һ䡣
ȷʵЩʵ
⻰ţȻЩ̶ģԵúд
ڴ֮ǰϿնԾԵĹ۸лϷžԣԪ䣬ԵпΪءڣˣ֮УЩʧˡ
ԪߵĳԱ϶Ͽղĸо
Ͽ죬С޹ɱԪĳԱҪǿаռҿСȷʵʲôöսɣţС˻᲻СͷԷ·ûϿյ˵ı仯ԹԵ˵

ÿСӣԵⷬѺŭЦ
ϷҪԪСѺϢȵԵɭ
ǺǣЦһ
Ͽ죬벻СռԿϿա
Ͽ̲ס˷ۣ⻰ֱ̫ˣȻСռʱϿѾþЩ֪ߵغˡ
ֵܣ̫ˡ
ǰСô׶ԸġȲ˵ǿɽûں棬һɱʤҲ˵ġ
ֵܸոշ磬βǺ˽⣬˵һЩûб߼ʵĻҲܹġ
λԪĳϣ׷˵ȻûгԣҲίıЩ˼ˡ
ҡҡͷûзЩԪĳϡ
ϷһԣЩˣ˵Ͽ죬㾿ʲô뷨Сɱ˲ֵܣܲܵûɣ벻ֵܱ𣿡
Ϸ֪붯Сˡ
ҵȻΪֵܱ𡭡Ͽε
Ǿˡ۾ɣ
˵ţѺ˹ȥ
ֵܣҪʲôԵĶϿ΢΢һ㶣Ծĺһ䡣
ֵܿ
Сʲô
Ԫˣĳ˶Ծ
Сӣ𣿡ѺԼ߹Ŀжʱֳɱ⡣
Ϊ񹬳ԱݣѺЩɵ򲻵ѣҲɱԣΪܻܿ鷳ǣԶǶ֣СȻҲԴС
ɣǰƳӿ֮䣬֮ӿ
Գ֣ѺҲ˲ôˣŭһ
ಣվѺļӰ͵ž˹ȥ
ɱϿҲһ
زѾû·ˡȻûмԪ䣬վԼ硣ܲܣžԱСնɱ񻯣Ҳֻһһ
ϿյŭԪҲҧˣ׷ȡ߶ˣƴˡܿžԱɱ޶ԡ
һɱۿѾ޷⡣
ߣԿԷӰ˳һ
ǰһӡȻǿܣ˲ͷſСȺֹȥ
ۣ
飡
ӡϯ£µ𶯣˲ϢɨǼӰ⼸ˣҽûüͱӡѹɷ۳
ɱǼߺ󣬾ԵӡδɢǼѺĻȥ
⡭
ãѺڲһӡ̺֮Ĳƥе
ķӦǲӡϮ֮ǰȡ˳
ҵСԱһҲɫ䡣֮ǰ¶Цûʧֱӽס
ˣһƬ⣬Ѻг۶ֵԵӡ
Ѻĵ⣬ѺڶСԱҲȺ֡һֹ⻪ȫԺȥ
䣡޴ӡӵڶͷŵܣҵײ
һĻԪˣȫһ۾Բ


1042 С
֮ƣ
͵пռݣҲпռݡĿռȶ̶ȣȻǵ͵Ա⡣磬ͨ񣬾ǲռġ
ǴʱԵһƣȴÿռ䶼ҲϿյˣӡıԵƺռ䶼Ѻۡ
СѺʹԼԱһ޷Եӡ
Ŀע֮£Сĸֹ⡣ӴӡͣƬּ̣Ѻ˺ȥ
¡ӡϯ֮£СԱҰ
Ϊ׵Ѻ³Ѫ˫ĿԲĶžԡ
㡭㵽ǺˣѺϢŴһɺ嫵ܽ١
ո£һһƺҲɢ
һ֮£СԱ˴ˣʮһȽϺõĲдߣѾƵӴܶȥ
ԿһǼӴ뿪СԱûȥ׷
ϿյҲΪ̫𺳣һƬհףȥ׷ɱǼ©֮㡣
ԪһȺˣȷʵǴľǰһ̣ǼȻ֣жЩáǣȻºģСƴ
Ƿ׷ȡ߶Ҫɱһ̣ǾͶվԭء
һսӿʼʱ䶼ʱڣԭͱ˵Сͽһ֮£ȫ
̫λˡ
ίʵ޷Լ۾ġ
Щʱ򣬱ϷžԪ䣬˭뵽Ծǿߣ
֪Լͬһ͵磬ΪҪԪġϷǣѾ񹬵ĳԱ
ϢϿյҲǱȽϲõġԪ䣬йϵģԽ񹬣Ԫ䣬Ҳ˶һ̣Ϸһ㡣
Сڿ£Ҳˡ֮У˵ҪСֻΪǴԲѣ֪ߵغԾЩ
ڣˡһС˼ȷʵ˵ҪҲˡ
Ͽ죬ֵǴɨһսɡЩСԱϣӦһЩԴİɣԿϿգ˵
Ͽյ˾þûлعֻóѡ
ŶǣϿԵĻžѹ
ţòڶֵܣսٴɨһ飬еָֽвٵʥ
ԡˣЩսƷϿսһռԴ͵ǰ
ԪˣЩսƷ۲ǣǿ϶ǲ˽̵ġСˣȫǾһɱ
Ͽ죬ҾûǡֵܡУϷҲôƺġЦЦ˵Щ˵û̫ôͷֵָܰɡ
ԵĻ˵۾Щ졣
⡭ϿյȻҲҪսƷЩǣ֪ǲǾڹǿ
Ͽҿ԰ִϿյĻ
Ͽϸ˿ԵɫþӦòڿûƴǡ
Ͽ죬ӦȥСľݵ㣬׽ԺʯȫԪˡ˵
ײСϿ
΢ЦϿգû˵
ԣ񾡡СˣߣϿһ֡
¼ʮԪԱֿʣµԪԱȫǰСݵ㡣
ʱ

Сݵ֮ڣҲвġԵһȺ˺ƵСݵڵԱһʱͷˡݵ֮ڣһӰټ
ݵڣȨһ
Ͽ죬ôǰС£ҲЩңǵԪϿյˣͰ
Ȼ֪СİѺѾˡʱû뵽ϿȺСΪƽصġл룬ϿյΪλᵽǵİȥ
Ͽ죬ǷϻԶϿҡҡͷ˵
󣬾ȡϼСľݵ㣬һɨȥ
ɫĽ⣬ա񣬻ûعζֱӱâ˳촷ۡâոڶСԱ󣬺ݺݵڽĲϡ
Сݵ󷨣ԪȣҪ΢ǿһЩǿҲޡת󷨣͵סԵһ֮һ죬Űи֮£˲Ϣ
ϣڡ󷨱һݻ٣ϿյķӦҲֱһӣȳ˳ȥ
СﻹŵˣͱƵˡʱϿյ˵ĳɱȫûеֵ֮


1043 е˼
յʱɱͣЪƽ
СݵصԱһҲһˣһ֮¾ɱ˲һ롣ʣµˣȫûеֿ˼ֻߡԪ׷ɱⳡսʮʱҲͽˡ
ԪԱЩСѹء˱ĻᣬǵȻ顣ЩӴܵˣҲûзһ˼
ϿСݵ󣬱Խǰ
Ԫˣܿ㶼ˣСݵѹγԴȫϿա
Ͽտԡ
Ͽ죬ЩԴҲҪ֪ϿҪ˵ʲôϿտǰԾ˵ˡ
ֵܣ⡭ʲôҪֵǿܻⲻȥϿ΢ü˵
ֵǲ뷨˵ʵЩԴҲûô벿ֵܣ磬ְһѣҲӦõġԣҲþùⲻȥˣǻǻԪɡЦ˵
Ͽ룬Ҳûٶ˵
һȺˣԪ䡣
ʱԪصˣûеõС︲ϢǿϿչ㶼ѯС̸еΡ
ͷˡСˣݵ㱻ΪƽأȻһĺϢԪСô꣬Կʱ࣬ռ˵ʱ١
ΪСɱ˳ֵܣԪҲҪϾ˺Ϳٲȴû뵽СֱӾͱˡ
Ū֮СȫΪԵĴڡӣǿԵĿͱˡУ˾η
صϿټλ¡ԺͱϷˣȻҲμˡ
СȻˣܻҪٸв䣬ɲǳصġѺı䳤ĵĴȣԪͿܺܿŭ
ұ뾡Բߡ
죬ǲĳϽӴһ£̬ȣ
Ѻ֮ܰͽĳϣ޷ҲһЩԴѺܸģԪҲܸԪʯԴϱǰԣࡣĳƽϢŭ𣬺ķһЩԴҲǿԵġ
ԡѺȻ˵ĻҲ޵ķʸʲôĳϲưոݰ
λϣ˵ԼĿһΪҪĽӴȡĵ½⡣
һţֻ΢ЦһֱûпڡԿڶϰԪ䣬ϾԪ죬Ԫ便ȥ£Ҳ뷢̫Ŀ
ϿյˣΪһЩԴȥԱƽǾԸȥ񶨡
ֵܣôϿ̧ѹѹȼλ䳤ϰתĿѯʡ
£Ͽλ϶ᡣЦ˵λϵ飬ǿһԡλĳҪ󲻹֣Ԫ䵹ǿԴӦ
Զô˵ˣϿյҲ΢ˡ
Ͽ̾ˣĳȥһš
ϿԪ죬ȥĳϣȷʵĳϸӡǣûõ׼һλĳ϶ŭϿոɱô죿
ֿԲУһܴԪ䣬ǾްһĴڣԪҲһͷ飬ɱϿԪ죬Ҳѹ
ͳҲûʲôˣֻĳ϶µķӦ
ԺͱϷˣҲԪס
ڡ
Ǻǡ
һԺڣĿԪţ۾зЦ
ϴˣԪ˴ţĪ뿿һɫ۵߿˵
ˣĵš
Ԫ䣿һʲôǵ뿿һ֮ɫ
һ°ɡ֪ԪģС죬ҲһѡߣȻСЩ⡣ĵͳ˵
С︲ϢһƬڣˡˣۡ
ҶԪʵ˵ԪСﻹҪһЩǾͻȻ֮Сʵ˷ѽ⡣
ģ̫ͬ⣬Բ˵һ£澿ʲô
ǣţӦȥ
ֻʱűȥ
ϴˣԪƺа֡Ԫ֮СǴ˳ֵԵʡҴ̽һЩϢӦ񹬳Ա˵ǸˣԪȺͬһ͵ġŲ̽ϢΪʵ
е˼Ŀ⣬ɱͷŶֿ


1044 ӺֵǮ
ĶԣһСﲻʲô
СѺȷʵ˹ϵѺС︲Ķ˿ʹ
ǣСվĵˣԪСţ
ĴϣڵĶԴµķӦĲ׷ԪΣԺҲûʲôˡڲҲвڶĵıԺԪ丶㹻ۣЩˣضᰵгЦ
߰ɣȥԪ俴ĵ˵
ȥԪ䣿ġ
ǺǣѺһҲҵĹԪȺɱҵĹܲ˵أĵ
ȥټ֡æ
ҪȻ񹬵˰Ⱥܹ黹Ҫӡʶ࣬Ҳǡҡҡͷ
Ԫ䡣
ˣĳˡĵϢѸٴϿյĶС
ʱƬڣȷʵ۾ڹעš
Ƭƶ֮ϣȴмĴСС䡣ڶĲУΪǿ
Щ֪Сĵ߹ԪСڴĵ϶ĳϻж
ȻĳԪˡ
Ҳ֪գûԪĴڡ
Ͽ㱨¶ļλϣҲѸپ£ˣһͬ˲䡣
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£ƺе̸
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ϷĵڶҪһǸоԵˡ˵С֮Ը𣬴ҩԭ򡣡Ŀ˵
Ͽյˣ
ǿĻСﱻҲˡϿɾͱϷĺˡϣһɵɱѹͷų
ߣɲϿյ濹ġ
ϿյˣЩһʱ䲻֪ôӦԡ
ĳϣ
ʱһϮɫ۵ľԣ˳ĵĻȫˡ
ҾǾԡ΢Цġ
ĵĿ⣬Ҳžԡ
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Զǣ΢΢˰֣ʾǲõġ
ǺǣȻе˼˵񹬳Ա֪ǵڼģЦ˵
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Ƭ֮ڣûжˣô˵
ǺǡЦ
ԣ񹬵ĳԱϷǿԸһӡѺɱĶ԰ɣǱˣϷͰƤ㣬ϷȴԲɱ㡣ڣϷһ·ͷϴɡĵɤЩⷬ˵ů}˵ĺ⡣
ĿȻһ
ĳҪӣЦˣǺǣӣֵǮ𣿡


1045 ȡ
Եᣬ仰˵ȴڳ˶Դ¡
Ǹĳϼﰡ
ʱĵɫ˵֮еɱ⣬Ҳûʲôˣӿǵصķڳˣܸܵŭɱ⡣
ʵϣʼʱҲû㷭ĵҪ󲻹֣ԪܳܣҲ͹ˡ˭֪ĿھҪʮ񾧡ʮ񾧶ԾԶԹȻʲôɶԪȴ֡
ˣϼһȻҪԹؿͷϴҪܲ
侰Զ⣬οһεĳϣ
Ǿͳȫ㣡
󵨣

վԭδļţǳɱžŭһĿҪɱԡ
û˼㾰񹬵ĳԱƾ裬ҲҪɱҲΪһͨԱ󶯸ɸꡣ
ȫɱ˰ɣҪ»ڡϸָ
ǼŵõֱӵǸ׶ˣԵٶȸѸݡĵ˼ȻҪԪˡ
΢΢һЦ֣ǰָ
һɫָ֣ȥ
գ֮䣬ĵǼϵţ㼸ͬʱءÿ˵ĶͷϣһѪԵЩڣǵֱɱԣЩ̼ͱĲʬˡ
⼸ɱ󣬾˹ȥ
ɫѾЩˣ⼸ţɶ񰡡Ǿԣѵˮ㣬˺üôʵжǿ
ϣֵĻȻҲɱ񡣵Ҫô⣬ȴܡҲ˵ԵʵӦ֮ϡ
Щˣžͷ͵һ
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ɱңĳϣʱĻѹԡ
ݣҵȻ֪ġ䣬ʲôأЦ˵ˣ·ˡ
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λãһƬƵⲨƣǰɢֽܿĵǰ
ĵȻľôȥȡԼҪƴһѡԵΪоãԼδûлĻᡣ
ȵסһȻ뿪ߡֻҪص䣬ȻͰȫˡ⾰ʵǿѵȥ䣿
ֻҪص䣬̴Ŵ󲿶ǰƱҪԪΪƽأ˶ҪʬΡ
ͷոγɣͱȫȡˡ
ûĳ׾ˡԵֵǿϡɵĺɫƣɵʩչѧЩƽӴȴǴݿɢ

ס֣㲻ɱңͣ£ֻҪ֣ͣұ֤Ԫ鷳ԺϢռݡ
֣ͣ
ҡҡͷ֮ʱûֵͣĿˡ
ɫƣӹġ漴ĵȥ
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Ͽյһοɵˡ
۾һɽһѹͷĳϣôıնɱˣ
ģ˵ѾӽˣѺȵģ֮ǰԻɱѺԪţڣǾ͸ˡ
޷󣬾Եжǿ
ϷⲻܡϷ֪񾳽ǿߣɼһҲɱ۷ε߰ɣ
ϷګګĿžԣиͷơ
ˣ͵žԡԴʱȴֱһУĵϵָֽԴ˹
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
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Ͽ죬ıɱˣҪġתϿյ˵


1046 
ʱϿգᡣ
һ棬Աֳʵǿֲ˹ǰһһ㣬ԪȻǺ£Ͼ뾰磬Լˡ
һ棬̲סӿˡĳϣôưոݣ
˵»ᱨʲô»ᱨǾԻᱨԼĳϱɱ˶޶ԣʲôưƬ
¸޷ڲĴżԪ䣬۾š룬ϢʱضѾò˶ãͻõϢԪ䣬ƺֻܵŭչ
ϿһƵĿžԡ
ʱϿҲ˵Ե⡣Ӿ赭дɱֻ¾Զ벻ķžȻҪ¹ͷԼĹȻĳϣɾҲ񹬵ĳԱ
ԾԵʵ֮ڣԲͨĳԱ
ͷϿյԺ֮תһȦһ
ˣֻܱˮˡ
뾰ֵܣڶķϣֵһѡϿ֣صԹ˹֡
ϿûѡֻܽϣھԵϡƨ˻񹬣Ԫ³Իޱȡ䲻ȥҪˣԪ䣬ǾǷַӵ¶
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Ҳż͵ķӦɡЦ˵
ĵϵĶϿ촦ðɡԽָֽݸϿա
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Ͽôࡣ
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ĺǼϵԴӰ˼ֵһ񾧡ʲƸϿյԪˣֱһ֡
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ֵܣ⡭ЩԴ̫ˡϿջعתĿԡ
ʶΪԲ֪ĵָֽжԴŽ⼸ָֽϿմ
Ͽյı飬վһԵļλϣȻҲ²⣬жԴȻϿ춼Щʧ̬
Ҳͼֵٶһ񾧵Դѣʲô赭д˵
ǼԵĻһɫǺˡ
ҲͰٶһ񾧣
Ǵ󰡣ֻȻʶʲôָģǴʱϿеļöָֽ
Ͽסˡ
ΪԲ֪⼸ָֽжԴڿȫô¡Ȼ֪ЩԴļֵȻϿãҲ˵˼ҾԸûֵһٶ񾧵Դ
Ͽ³һԺգúϷ̸̸ھԵ

ıնɱϢһĴƬƶ֮ءһССȫˡ
˲ţһԪ䣬ɱ񾳽ģһ˵ԪɱģҲԲ顣Ԫ䣬ѵͲı
ǣıնɱϢȴԽԽࡣģڿʼĳģѾɱˡ
Ƭƶ֮ϣһ顣
ȥĳϣ˭ҲڶԣǰǶСĲκε˭뵽Ĵ˵ҲˣǱԪֲ۵Сնɱġ
ϢܿҲ䡣ڲտʼΪ⣬ΪֻҥԡǾͷ֣ĳȷʵȥԪ䡣һȥûл
ӺȻȥ̽ȷϣϢǺܿͱ֤ʵˣĳϣѾˡ
ĳϢȷϺڲȻ𶯡вٳֱӴȥԪƽΪĳϱ˶ټҪˡЩ˲ԪĳϣվǱ
죬ټг¡
죬һ񾳽ǿߡʱɫһ˫۾ڳϴ
ĳϱɱһ£λʲôҪ˵ͳɤڷڻص
ˣ»ʲô˵ģԪնɱ䳤ϣ񼫣ԺʲôţһϷŭĵ
ıɱȷʵӰܴһãܿ˾۸ҧһڡȻǿ󣬿ƬϣССĲûһǧҲа˰٣ЩһΪۣһӵϣʹˡ


1047 ж
ҪάͳελȻͲֳܱ۵һ档
ƬʳĴССʱضڵſķӦ
ˣ²ӣ쵶ն顣һϳ˵
ԽãԽǲ
֮У˵Ŀⶼ֡죬ξջҪ⡣
Ԫ䲻һ۵СҪԪ䣬ԭǵָ֮顣ֻڣƺ˺ܴı仯Ԫ䣬ɱĳģ֪Ԫ㳲ҲԲɱĳϡֳſڡ
ҵ̽õһЩϢԪ䣬һоԵߣ˵񹬵ĳԱĳϣڴСˣʵǿ񡣡ڣһߣ˵
ֿ˰һۣ΢΢˵ͷ
ʵϣѾ˹ھԵһЩϢӵģҲǾԡԪ䣬ֺα֣ټг£
ʵǿ񹬵ݣЩɡ
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Σɱ䳤ϣԲ׷Ź߻º󣬾¡
ңٳûжЩˣΪССԪ䡣

ڣ
Ŀ⣬ɨȫ
ϣҿȥɨƽԪɡƽ
ᣬӵĴã˲Ϣ䰲ֿеĶϣڶ೤֮ԾһҲ񾳽硣
ֵ仰ɫһ֣зһЦ
ȥɨƽԪ䣬ǲȥ񾳽粻ѾɱģҲ񾳽硣˵ĵսƺҪǿһЩ
˼Ҹɱģɱһ
Ȼ˵֮ǰֻ˼ȥԪ䣬ƺû׼ǣǸӦǿߣ񼴱żٸȥˣһ߼ȻҲûá
ҪɨƽԪ䣬ҪԳǡ
ˣҵȥԪΪƽأǸоԵԼδ˵
ղɤǴ󣬿Ҫȥήˡ
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֮ڣʱǱðˣ˭Ҳ֪쵽״ô¡
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ţھһ
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Ǳܵ񹬼Ĺע
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⻹ʲôһ仰ŵ˶һ¡
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仰ѶϢһ䡣ѶϢ֮󣬴ڵÿһˣסԼĺ
컨ʲôڳ˶ٶ˽һЩ
λ˰ɣ
һѶϢ񹬴ģʵԲҶ˵ˡڣǾԣɱ𣿡
Ǻǣɱԣ񹬵ĴͻԽ٣һƱ֮ءֵͳ˵
ڶ೤ϣû˿˵֪˵Ķʵţ񹬱ضΪӡ
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ˣĳϡһü̽ʡ
ǾȡǾʲôݣǵģĶǸ鷳ˡֱӴϵĻ
ȥԪǸţҵȥһ˲Сվ׼һ°ɣҲһȥ
䣬㳲
Ϣ򶼷ˡ䣬ڶˣֵڶ೤ϣȫ뿪ǰԪ䡣


1048 Ǹ
ĶҲЩССԤ֮С
ԪǱɱĳϣԲݡ
Ȼڶݵĳ֮ˡôȥΪԪ䣬ƺǿ߶ˡ
һԪ䳹군ˡ
Ԫ˸ǿİ֣վǲȰ˵䣬񡣡
ǰ仹ĹԪģȻ˶ǿߡ

۾Ԫ䡣
Ԫߡ
ˣ䶯ˣһ̽䶯ĲԱٴ淵أϿջ㱨Ϣ
֣Լʮλϵȵڣ뿪䱾Ԫٷж㱨ϢߣɫҲЩҰס
ʲôλˣϿæʵ
ǵٶȣٹһʱͻִߵͷش
ˣˡıɱ䶼ŭˡϿշ·Ŀǡ
Ͽ죬㲻˵ġ㳲Ҳûϵһν⡣ԻȻ˵
ֵܣࡣߣֻ㡭ϿΡ
Ԫߣȷʵֻоһ֧šȥԣ죬Ҳ޼¡κһλϣɱֻ񾳽ߡ
һ˼ɣֵֻҪںսЦ˵
⡭ϿտžԣԵ򶨣˲١
ǣ޷ףΪšȻ񾳽磬ֻһһ񣬾εֵ֣
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ȥŰɡվ۾΢˵
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ĵȴУˣڵִˡ
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ϿյǣࡣۿȥҲֻмʮѡΪ׵ģ֡վŵģԶ䳤ϼ
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ô£
һĻϿЩɵۣԪڣͷԡ
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ʱϿĳɵˡ
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һôôأ
ǺǣȻ塣Цһ˵
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ǾԡԵ˵ͷ
ԴʱȻûжԪ䶯ֵĴˡԭȻȷҲܲ³š֣Ǵ񹬴̽Ϣ֪ԼһЩϢ
֮ǰĳ϶е¡ƽУһ˿
ˣѾɱˣ˶ˣԲٽ·ϡ԰ڰ˵
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޹ء΢΢Ц˵
֪Լ£ϵ˵аͽԼ˼ǣȴû׽˼ǾԹ°ȷʵûǸʸ񲻼٣ˣкüˡ


1049 ϧѪ
뾰ԳֵܣǲԶ
Բֹ¸ߺ͹ѵˣҲڱϷϿյǰ޼ֵơ֣ǲһġ
Ǵ뾰ƽƽ˼Ƿ˸޴Ĵ
Ϊˣ˵Ƿʱ򣬾ԲŻ
Ե̬ȶȻһ䣬ֶʱҲЩҲסˣþЩ֡Ĳ䳤ϣԵ֮ƺҪǳ⾰ԡ
ֻЦɨֵˡ
ǸҲˣҴʮֵĳ⡣̬ȣǲЩȻȻЦݣЩӲˡ
Щʲôһ
䣡
һɿֲѹȻͷųһѹ嫶˲ڳˡ
ֵ˵ĵһӦǣҪ֣ʶı㷴һȺˣһĿ¶֮ɫ
̫ǿˣ
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־һ֣޷ƥеĸо·𣬾ֻҪһͷܽȫɱָоæԼڶ೤ϣһɫҰס
ʱһ㣬ǾǣԵʵȺܹеģоԼʱȥвһָӦԲǻþеġ
ʵϣֻѹǴﲻЧġȻأɱϾҲͲľ磬ߣ۲һЩȷʵ񾳽ߴڡѹ⼸ȻҲ壬ɾԲдʱЧ
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žĿ֮£־ֱӹ
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ϵԼﻹ˵ӡҪСûˣȥӣ
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ɡԻ˵
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ϿոոתѰ˼ֵʾãӦǾԵԵʣҲ̲סϲΣǶɹˣ˵ܿɽ
ţȴתֱ£Ծӣ˵䣬кǳζСϿգ˶òˡ
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ԵѹֵֻˣϿߵĳԱûκθܣԲֵΪͻȻͱˣ¹ˡ
һı仯ϿĿϾӡ
ԴˣƬڣʵԡ䣬Ԫˣ֪
ǳһᣬ˶û˵תתСĵĿڣԾ˵
Ԫˣ΢¶Цݡ
ҡȷʵ뷨Դ˾òʣ뷨Ǵˡֿ¶΢ЦҲЦЦСĵ˵
ʲʣ˵˲㡣ԪˣӦϿ顣԰ڰ˵
仰ֶʱ˲١֪ûзԵ˼ȻԲԣǽȻû⣬ϾͿϿա
Ͽ֣ԪˣΣִʱԼݣڵϿͬһˮƽ
⡭ϿյȻϲˡ
֮յĿͷŵһ𣬳Դ˫ȡһ롣ֽ˵
ϿΪԼˡ
յĿֱֲһ񾧿ڣȴҪԪƽЩԴȻϿպܿʶֶ뿿ϾԣԲŲϧѪԪԼĴ


1050 䶨
ϿʶתĿԣֻ΢ЦȻǲԪ¡ҪϿԼ⡣
һЩ뷨ҲϿյԺ֮пתһȦ³ֵ⣬¶Ԫ˵˾һĺ¡
ԪĿǰֻмԱ˵٣һ˴ԴԪʵضõ
ûп̫ãϿձͷӦϿͬˣƺϿջҪԵ˷ܡ
˫ֹڽ֮¼򵥵Ĵһ£Լ֮ڣ˫ͻɳĳԱ˫յĿԴЩ鿴ӣֻҪִ˳ʵѡ
³̴ŵöֱ֮ĳϸǡ뿪֮ǰҲûٴμԾԵľηѾԣԪˣԲˣ۸ԪС
֮ڣֵ˹
죬ΪҪԪˣңֳô棬װױԪ䡣еĳϣֵ⡣
Դ˵ʵǾΣֵɨǰ೤һۡ
Դ˵ΪֲȻ񾳽磬оھԴǰȫûеֵ֮񾳽İߣȻ֮ɫ˵
ˣҲŵͷ
ֻԪ䣬ȷʵֵһᣬϿҲѡԪ䣬ȴоԴ˳ԪˣǽԪһ𡣾Դ˼ȻԪĿɽȻҲĿɽʱʧһЩ棬ǲʲôǵõĻࡣֽ˵
ⷬȻһЩϲΪȻ
Ŀ˵ҿó֮кܶ˾óԿˡҸǣԴӵоսأ
仰˵õȻ˶Уȴǲ

ҪԱ
˵Դ˻ᣬԲᳬǧ꣬Ͳ컨ϡ
ֵĻЩšǣȴû˻ֵĻڣ񣬶˵ʵߡΪܳΪ죿ΪһЩ츳ߵսжϷǳȷ
ǣյĸԴҪɸˮ٣ּ˳ĬЦһ
˳ɰгʶ˵
ˮ䣬һ仹ҪǿöĲ䡣ˮıȻƬƶ֮أˮȴƬƶ֮ءԣһֱںˮļ֮¡Ϊƽ䲻òԼеİ˳Тˮ䡣
ưɣò˶ãǾͲҪˮϹˡǺˮ䣬йϵڣҲ񹬵ϵû˵˼ˣڳ˲ɵӣȻס

ʲô
䲻ûԪ䣬Ԫˣ
ôܣ
ܣһǼϢ䳤ϱɱôĿô᲻Ԫˣ
Ǻǣ죬ɲô˵ˡ
ʲôϢѾȷĽˣ
⡭̫˰ɣ
Ԫ˵ϢƬƶ֮ؿٴϢˡǿֱ췽ҹ̷
޷֮һЩˣǿصĶǲµ̵ԭ򣬺ܿǸԪİ־йء
ô˵Ƭƶ֮أϢȴǽƽһЩҲָ˰
ò˵ǵǺġԪˣΨһĿԾǸԡҲ˵ǸԵʵܷǳǿ󣬻䶼ǵıһܣԪˣศɣ˵ʵӲˡ
Ȼǣǻʵʵάԭɡ

Ԫ⡣
Ͽ죬ˡԶϿչ˹֣в鷳ԴѶҡ
Ͽ죬Ǿ͸ˡϷҲЦŹ˵
λֵܣڡϿҲû˵ʲôƯݴоͺá
Ԫ˵󣬾ԺͱϷ鴬ų񹬷ء
ʮʱ䣬˱񹬡Ϸرҩǻصľ˾
Ըսľ˾ׯ԰ã˾㼱Ҵԡ
ԣڻˡ˲Ϣˡԣ̾˵
ĿҲ΢΢һ
͵ţ˲Ϣ


1051 뱻
Կ˿üͷΪɫܲÿƺϢһϢ
û˵Ŵ˾˵
ԣ˲ǱߣĽ벵ˡУŭ⡣
ô£ʵ
Ͳ³򼱴ҴԼӦǹԼĹ¡
֮ǰ˲Ǳһִ£˵ǾûͨҪ֮ٴνĹĿˡŭ˵
˲Ϊβҵ룿ǰҲ·𣿡ѹеŭ
벻Ϲ涨ȻᱻءĹĽˣԱҪﵽ񾳽硣ԣǷϻġȻһǵһֻһΡҲϰ⻹ǵһˡҧҧ
ȻҲΥ涨Ϊο˲ͨҵ룿˫ü
Ҳƣϵߣ뼸ܱأ˵Ǿʮ˾ĳԱˡڿ˲ҲһЩ̽һ£֪еԵɡ
˲һλгƵĳϣ˵ֱӷ롣ûн룬͵Ĺ˲
˫üøԳֺİԼӦûеˡ
Ƴϣƺ˾ϵܡҾͻɣǲܾ˾˾ִµ룬˸㰵°ӡ˵ҲЩΡ
ЦЦ
Ĳ²⣬ȷʵе
Ե޹ʵģǿ˲ΪҪԼĽ룿
һ뱻أȻҪһܼˡȷʵ˿Լ˳ۣԼҩˡ
ԣЩǿǲҪ͵һټ룿˿ԣѾľ˾˾˾ǱҲ˵ʡҾãľ˾˾ҲΪ
˾һεĹˣʲôʱ䣿תĿʵ
ʱڰ󡣾ԣʲôԼþԲưոݣЩŵʵ
Ǻǣʱ򴾽˾֪ˡǾ͵ϰɡ˾ʱҪչȵ˼ʼʱ鷳֪ͨһԶԴЦЦ
ֵܣɲҪλƳϣǾεǿߡȨֵġš
˾ĺˡЦҡҡͷ
áðɡԲԸ˵ҲͲˡϸ룬ԻǱȽصģӦòͷһȥǳƳۡ
ǡ
ԽǬС磬ʼϻ֮ǰѾ׼˴ϻĲϡһʱ䣬ԴһЩϻȥԼʹ֮⣬Ҳתֳһ֣ɶ񾧣ȻᾧҲ١
ʱһȥ
꣬ת˲
һգԵԺУԸо΢֪˽Ժ䣬뿪ǬС硣
ԣһνĹĿˣʽʼֱ˵
ţҴȥԵ˵ͷ
ʵҲûʲôģǰ漸Ľ̲࣬еܶսյʱ䡣˵
ǺǣеܵʵҲáЦ
ô˵Ҳе
գԺʹǰĿ˲˽뿼˲ʱڵȴ֮УѾмʮμӱν˵ڵȺˡ
һڶĿˣÿһοȻʱ϶̣ҵ߲μӡĹĿˣʱϳŻһΣÿһβμӿ˵Ҳѳһ١
ҲһϾࡣߣٺܶˡ˵Ĺ幬١
˾˰Բμӱοˣ϶˳ͨһ봾ϵ㲻˾žԹȻĴһк
Ըձμӽ˵ʱ򣬴һЩϵȽϺõ˵ЩѣʵĽľ˾о
ڣ⻰ȴġ
Ӧš
λ˾Ҳû׷Źֵı飬Ȼǲ֪Ե뱻ˡ
˾ôҲˣףžһѵҵϢ󣬲˵Ե뱻˲𣿡ʱ򣬵˾˾ɻ˵
ܴڵˣȫˡ˾һҲһҪμӽˡ
Ŀһ˿ŭɫ˿˾˾ھ֮ǰ˹ϵȻܣҲпɡԽľ˾˵ĹϵͶࡣ


1052 
˾˾侮ʯ֪Ե뱻ʱ;Թĳڿࡣ
仰˵˵Ŀ⣬ʱ򴾽;ԡ
ԵĽ뱻ˣô£ѵǡԵϣ
ˣԿܲ񾳽硣
ڶݵľȺ˵ͱˡʮ˾ԱĿ뱻ȷʵЩЦ
;ˣʲô
붼ˣ˲ȡЦģ
ɫ˺죬ܿͻָƤҲǱȽϺġҲϵˣ׼ǷŲӣҲžԹ
˲ֲ˾ģǹʲôϵɨ˾˾һЦ˵

˾Ƣôô󰡣Ҳʡ㴾˾˲Ȼɡ˾˾Ц
Цͷ΢Ȼȵ
ʵҲǽƽϵˣ˾˾ټԼ뿼˱˾Ѳ˸ϵѹסͷĻ
ԣ˵˾˾
ʱһƬžһ˫˫۾ɴ󣬲ŵĿžԡˣԼˡ
ȻɱϾֻǵľ˾ԱѡĶԷȴǵ˾˾ݵλԺ󲻸˵Կ϶ԶԶȲ˾˾ɾ£ԾǴĵں˾˾
˾˾Ȼһûعζ˺ʱ䣬͵ĺ۾ȫɱڣݵӶžԡ
Ҳ벻ԼȻᱻС˵ԣǴǸԼԼԲưոݡ
ʱ򣬴ŴһӰ߳
²˲ԼĹ²˲Աˡ
˾˾ҧҧݺݵĶžԣСӣơ
ʲôһϹѡԵӦ
˾˾òѪʱȻʺϷֻӲ
˾һǳƣԵѯʴ
תĿ˿ԣ΢һ£ǽվڵ˲ĳָ˳
ԣɵһ㡣Ĺ˲ڣĹ²ҲгڡڵĿ˲²㶼ʶȷʵЩľ̲סٴζ
μӿ˵ߣ𣿡Ĺ˲΢۾ʡ
ش˵Ļˡ˵
ƣǸ˵Աߣμӽˣ͵Уɸѡ֮󣬲Żύɲ͵Ĺ˲ȷ
Ե뱻϶ڳеʱ־ͱˡ
Ϊ˲ȻֻӴһΣǵʱλԾԵĹ۸кܲҲλ߾ԣھ컨ϵλУԾλȻ⻮Լ֡
ȻԱѾ룬ͽ뿼˴ɡĹ˲˵
ڵˣԺ󶼶
һ£ʱһȴͻأ
ţ
ô£
ʲô
˭еһµģ
һʱ䣬˶һ٣Ѱ˵ˡ˵ɫͱˡ
Ǹ߲˵һ£ǵǻ˵ùȥ˵ģȻǾľ˾ӵܡ
վھߣԺ⼸ֺ󣬴һףһƨڵϡ
£
ʱ˶ǳ⾰ԣĹ˲ȴǿžȿڡ
һ£֮ǰҲһεĹˣ֪Ϊʲôҵ뱻ˡԴ˵
ǸԵĻɫʱһڡ
뱻أ´μǣҪ¡˵
ΪĹ˲С¡
˲ˣҲüžԡ˲У¶һ˿ĲϲԭԾԵӡ󲻴ɾȴڽֳǣЩ֡
¡ԾԺȵ˾ôģ㽫ľ˾޷ĳԱȥ
ǺǣƳϣҲŸߡ
ҳȥҲԡȸңΪҪҵ롣ĪǣûдﵽЦһųƵ
ˣҲ£λƳ̫ҵ룬ҵһٴ룬һʱ䣬˵ҪֶԵĹ˲
ԣ˵ˡعһ
һ󺰣ȻҲйġ
ȻĹ˲˷Ӧžԣԣ


1053 
λĹ˲˵ԣȴδԡǴһ治֪ǰߣͷľԡ
ˣ¼񹬵ľԡԹӦ
˵㣬˶˵ǽֵɫšɫһЩԾ˵
뾰ûìܳͻˣţ̬һ㶼Ƚº͡
ʱĳƣɫȴЩ̫ÿԵ룬ȷʵ˽ģӹĽǶ˵ȷʵμӽĹĿˡ
Ҳû뵽еڿ˵¡Ĺ˲ƺԾԻһĺøСóƣ΢ЩҲ̫ģֻǾӲÿ
˹ˡǫ˵
ҡҡͷԣǱȷʵܴ󡣲ǾţȻ񹬣ǾҪĹءǵߣȴ˲ʣΥ˹ءҶ֣ǿ˲𣿡
ֱ
ˣ¡ֻǣҾòǵľ˾Աľ˾˾ˣ֮ǰͰ򿼺˲ˡǣ˲ȴҵ벵ءҲȻ޻˵˼ǰҲҲԼʲôϵĵطԣҲѯʿ˲ĳƳϣ˵ܵľ˹Բ˵
ţƳϣ˵ʵ𣿡򳣺ơ
æԸЦЦתת˵ȷʵˣ¾þԸոսãѾ̤񾳽磬ҲȻȹ̡ԣ²ž룬ڵȹһʱ䡣
ҵĽڣȻЩۣҲ˵ùȥμӽ˵ߣÿһ˳ͨ롣
Ƴ˵ģҲûеŵ˵ͷ
ԣѾ͵´μɡԡ
üЩʡĹ˲˺ȷʵòʧ
֮˲˵ԣʵ㹻Ǿ͵ν˽ô˾ɡ֮ǰ˵ĵһǾûҪˡ
˵ʱ˲Ҳ˿ƣԼܲµΪνԵִ޳ҲҪ׷ƱϾǵ˲ĳϣܽˡΪС׷Σǵ˲Ҳܶ
λﶼô˵ˣԻ˵ʲô
ټ֣Ҳ޷ıʲôֻ˲͵Ĺ˲
תתԱӦ
˾̺ܽˡ˲£ɺͳȻûֵ˼´ξԲٷˡԴ˵
Ҫ˵ݵλʵ˾볣˲Ҳǲġ
ȻǾó⵵£ԼЩⷬһسӣԼôѿϾôڳûκαʾǶԼſӰ졣
ƳϵĻһضԴҧҧ
Уԣ츳ȻҲ̫ţ»ҪһЩһξˣҺͲˣҲ׷һٷǾͲôˡ
ҲΪãϾŽʱ䡣⾳磬ȹȹ̣ѵǻ£ھμӽˣܱ֤ɹƼЩ⣬ֿĳ˵ﻰ⣬ΪԿǵ˼
ԭѾˣⳣƣ湻Ҫġ
Щʱþѹȥŭ
ĿųƣЦƳϣô֪ҵʵͨĹĿˣ
Ŷ㻹Ҷ죿ٴһ䡣
Ƕ죬ֻǺ档ƺ㲢죬ô֪޷ͨ˵ģĿ볣ƶӣûõ˼
񻰣̫ˡſ̫ſˡλˣЩ޷졣ҾãӦùһաƷŭĵ
ſ񣿡
治֪ôſˣƳϣȻ޷ͨˣҲμο˿Σ˵
ߣѾȷΪ˭ľ͸𣿡Ƶ˵
ˣҪ֡ȷʵģ¾ɡĹ˲һ˵
ԣȥɡ˲ҲԾԵ
ʱڣֻˣв١˾˾ˣĿжϲ⣬Щ˰ͲþԵˡ


1054 ս
˲ϣĹ˲￡ɽ
ϡ￡ɽݣЩ;ԣҲڳ뾰֮ƫԡ
ԽǾǲǾԵ츳ߣͱȥˡ
ʱڴڵˣٳٶۣҲܸоϡ￡ɽ˶ԾԼȻҲоó
λˣƳΪʵԽĹʵ޷ͬƳϣ֪ɴﵽΣҲǻȥˣҪƴˡ
ߣϷǾ񣬾ʲô۾˵
񣬺ӡȻ̤񾳽磬볣Ƴдд衣Ե˵
ϡ￡ɽˣȻһ䡣
Ե󣬿ȴֺԣսƳϣ
ԼҲ˵ֻ񾳽磬Ȼս
ڵգ˲ùˣһʱ䲻ܷӦ
ǺǺǡ
ԣҪЦˣ߰ɡЦ˵
ȴ˻𣬾ԼֱǷˡ
þԷ˵ˣԲǴһľˣ¶ͷԣ̫ˡ
˾ҲڿЦƳϣ֪ҲдһƵųơ
ƴЦ
Ȼ벻ԾȻеԼдȶЩ췽ҹ̷ĸоͬʱȻҲüŭڵҲλȨصˡǽ죬Ȼô˵棬һëͷСսһֻ񾳽ս
ԣڴңǡžž졯Ĵ
￡ɽˣϴˣǿˣǿСж˰ɣ
գһЩѵԺ󻹵ˣϳͣݺݵĳͷƱ
Ƴ˵ôϻĪǲһսȫ᳣ƵķŭǼƽı鵭Į˵
ԣϲͺһ
̫ˣ⾰ԣΪȷʵˡ
ˣҼ볣Ƴ϶սһȻ֤ӵнĹʵԿϣĿᶨ
һ
Ǻǣ˼ˡǣ벻ƳϣҪս㣬Σ￡ɽ۾ҡҡͷֿ򳣺ʵ
ȻţӦ÷ˡȻ˵˱ͷ˵Ҳ˿˵
ţڱν˿ʼ֮ǰȿһ볣ƳϵĶսɡߣ˴￡ɽ˵ţ̤ſ˴ȥ
￡ɽûб˭óѹеŭ
һΣӵĹֽˣӣȥҲ޹⣬ǲջŹ֡
￡ɽǰȻҲȥˣ򿼺˴ƶ
ԡЩ
ƵΪ֮¡Բ񣬾ȻҪ볣д裬ô˵أ
֪϶ֹĿ˲
˾뵣ģзִ硣ԳŴЦЦ
۾һʱȻЦóзִ磿иƨķִ簡
֪
˵ã˽ܾҪˡ㱻ƳϵɱҲû˵ʲôɣǺǣעǿҲûʲôˡ˾˾Ŀ˾һۣ˵
ҵԵ֪ԼΪԶҵս
ʲô֪ߵغˡΪԼһЩ츳ܱˡձƳɱҲǻá
һЩۣȺ֮ЩҲ
һɨЩ䳰ȷӹɱһš
˴̨
ʽĿϣֳ̨ɾŹһο߽пˡһӶ󣬸˵оŸˣ̨ǷǳӴġ
죬ʽĽ֮ǰһ뿼˲ƳϵĶսд衣
Ƴϣԣȥɡ￡ɽ˿ˣ˵
ǣԺͳӦһӵŹ̨֮ϡ
￡ɽˣϴˣȻǱȶʧֵȻɱԣһʧ֣ȴҲпܵġƿ￡ɽ˻˵ǶɱĵģⷬڴԤ롣
ưɣֳʤɡ￡ɽ룬˵
ţ̫ˣҲעţֵص࣬Ǿôɱˣʵ̫ϧˡ
Ƴϣ𵢸ʱ䣬ʼɡȡϼǰ򳣺˵
ǺǣԸƵУҲ˲һɫ
ֻһۣԾ֪еҲֲܿݵľӵǲþ⡣


1055 
ܸ֪ɫܣԼĲϼֻǿϼĲϣȻǷͬһ㣬ΪԭƣϼȻڵ͵
ۼֵϼɱƵӵеܣûκˡ
Դʱûʲôرı飬ȴվŵģϾǾһսԲɡ
ֱȡùսˣȴһЩ˿ƿûɱˡɱԣǸûҪȡʵܾӦ練Ʋǡ
ĿеͬϣԱɱҲ˲뾰Ǵ򣬿϶ξԻš
СӣѰ·ɹֲˣžԡ
Ȼ°ӷ˾ԵĽ룬ʱȴûŪԡǽ췢飬ȴóƶԾԵɱĸǿҡ
ϼһ볣Ʒϻ
ȻɱԼԼҲ
һɫ֣ٿ򳣺ϮɱȥƵܣǵضһҲ˲֡
ԵͨľҲضáƱϾľϣҪȾǿһ
һν棬˶ûоȫٿصķ֮Ҳֻͨ͸ûʹˣ˶ʩչͨѧ
Եʥ⽣ڵ͵һ磬ֻȽͨˡƵѧǱȾԵĸΪǿᡣ
һν棬屻ˣվԭء˺˴Լվȡ
ʵȻǿа
ʱĳƣȴǺܾʡʶԲԼˡ
һȻûвٿضٷ֮ҲûʹͨǣϾϸҲû̫ౣ˵Ĺشֵһƫƫסһ
˸žӣžԣҲ
ԸսԼȷʵЩ͵ģͷԷһʱ嶯սԿ
սĿ￡ɽϣ˲ɶһۡǣεǿߣȻóһܡ˵ǲμӽĹĿˣǼʧܡҲѹ֣Ե뱻ƷĲҪ˵
ڳľ񣬵ǿʲôֻΪûöʵԲֻþԺ˼
ৣ
סκ󣬽һɱ
һԼ߶ϸʥ⽣֮Ҳյķ֮ʮʮԼһ룬ǻԷһ̶ɫĽâУһƳȵĺɫΪҫۡ
ƣҲоӭѹûеġ
һһͬٿشķ֮
ƱϾ˳ʮϼһʱ䳤֮Уյķ֮Ǻֲܿģϰ֮ޡ
һ㣬вһ񹦸Է֮Ĳٿ˵Ƿ켫ƣڷ֮ٿϣԶ羰ôϸˣǿȿҲǱȾԲһ㡣֮ȻԶԶھԣǷӳܣǲȾǿ١
ڶײܸΪֲܣӴĿ̨Ų̋ܣ϶˸ϾǵĹĿ̨õķֲǿԲŻ˸ϡ
ĳȡ
̨ϵӰȴ񱩵̵ˡ
һΣ˳ʮ֮ԶƣҲ
ϢЩĬĬתܵ΢ˣ˲Ϣָ
ôܣƵϣ¶һĨŵɫ
ȷʵ޷š
ĿǰΪֹûʹ֮ͨ⣬Ѿǽ߾ȫˡɼˣĹȻȻԵֵ
ζʲô
ζţԣȻܹԿһЩͨľһûƵĵڶȫܹһЩˡǰһ֮»ŵİڶ̫ࡣ
￡ɽϣҲǶˡ
ԡϵһ䡣
ǿʵԱͨľ񡣶һ˵һֽǿͨҲ˵Եսܿȴ󲿷ֵľˡ￡ɽ˵һ䡣
仰ˣڿ￡ɽܵڶߣҲˡ
ЩߣȫһٿԵʱĿг˺Ȼ֮ɫ
ֻ񾳽Ϊľԣܿȴ󲿷־


1056 Ҫ
Աֳʵڳ˵֪
񹬣Ҫ˵񾳽߻ܰ񾳽ߣǵҳӡǣսǾδˡ
ھ볣ⳡստʼʱ򣬿̨ܹսˣӵܶࡣǵʱЩȴ͡
˾˾Ҳ𾪣Щ׵촽˾˾޲þȥ֮ǰڵȴڣԿǵģк޲ýʬΡڣȴһ仰˵ˡ
̨ϣ볣ƵĶսȻڼ
Ľ彣
ͷŵĽУ̺ԽԽֲģ˶ͨ
ԵڶͨǷǳֲġǲɫ⣬ǧâ۶ɣÿһâļµ
ƣΪľսͬǿޱȡƵͨǿͨƷϣǿͨȲϽͨͨһͨǿֻͨػͨ൱
յǿͨȴǷǳǿǿͨѾﵽ
ҲҺþ˵ڶͨǿܵסƵĹ
ĿǰΪֹڶս֮һֱ·硣ÿһν棬Ի϶ܵ΢ƣв壬ָˣԵǿԱõ״̬볣ƶս
Щ԰ԵʵƺҪȳƳһΪΡЩҡҡͷ
ӦռǿҿǴﵽĲΡ￡ɽŵ
ʲô
壿Уٴ¶֮ɫ
磬嵹ǲϡС֮Уȴﵽεġ
ҪΪѣҪĸԴǿߣϵҲ࣬ǸԴ;Լ硣
Ӧûԣ˸е⡣Ҷ벻ôġǴӵ͵ģ꣬￡ɽпһ
ɱȥӦûǾܡȻɱԣȴˡ￡ɽ˵
ǰΪȻĵ˵ͷһս󣬾컨ϵҪһЩˡĿǰھʮλһսҲʮΣǰʮ
䣡
~ͣ
̨ϵսޱȵļҡʱĳƣѾȫԵƾеĶ֡뾰Խ֮ǰûһսôļѡ֪ˣܻܾԵս
֮ʱ򣬾ʩչ֮
ٶȣ˲
̨㹻Ӵ֮ȫʩչ
вһ񹦸Ժ׾ͱܿһЩƵĹ֮һʩչսֶʱֱ仯ԣ·ռϷ磬Ϊһ
⡭
ÿٶȣдһ
æҪѹƾԵٶȣǾԵʵҲ١ѹƾԣȻ̫ܡ
¡һɫ⣬ƻʮ֮Զ
ƸоϸҲһ£Ҳ͵
Ƶıý
ûиϢʱ䣬һٴ֣æֵһΣֱ˼ʮסʹо
ɶСٶȺÿ졣ҧгݵĿžԡ
Ƶ棬һƬâ뵶

ʹ˷ԶԶûдﵽĲΣԾԵĹȻÿһƶأϵۻȥͺΣˡԣûиʹõҩ˵ʱ䡣
ڴ߶󣬾ԵĹƵѹСࡣȻÿһΣȻһ£ûдˡ
յʱȥ
УȥСЩˡ
ŷѹС˺ܶ࣬ǾԵƺ޾ʩչĹûκν͵ļ󡣳ڹͬʱҪ߶ļ
ϸڵѾЩ̷ļһ㣬뱻ԻҲͲԶˡ
ԿԲżȴôȥıԻܣԺܳǰ
ԣС㡣ҧ۾žԣź˵
㲻˵ҵʵԽĹ𣿡Ц˵
ߣ㲻Ҫ⣡ϢʵȷʵҪǿࡣΪܻңǾ̫ˡ
Ǻǣһ񣬱ȵһǣЩܽܰ
ҲʹˣԣϷԹɡһ


1057 ȫʯ
һ
Ƶļ֮ϣǳΪɫ˫ĿУ˸
ԿԸоƵϢڼǿ
һϢ֮УƵ꣬ƺҲ͡
СĵĽ䱸
Сڵˡ͵ĻӶɫŤ
һܣǴϡ
ôܣѵȼԼꣿһתжȴûκγɡ
ʩչ֮ͬʱɫ嫶
䣡໥׺ݵĽɱ
ۣԵ壬ֱӱɡ
Գһʱ򣬾Ҳǵһʱʩչ֮һΣԵٶȣȴܵѹơȻҲֹܿɳƵĹһ̫࣬þ޷ܡ
ƼԱɣ¶ЦһٴžԳɱȥ
ƣʹȼĹ￡ɽ΢΢ҡͷ
磬ȼĹϡСЩ񣬿ܱȽԵõһ๦֮ڣ񳣺ݵĳԱŪһЩͨ๦Ҳ¡ͨȼĹֵҲͱȵͼһЩˡ
￡ɽЩߣҲƵĹ򲻵ѣǲʹֹġ
ȼ꣬ǿ˵ԲСȼգȻԶʱǿȣٿصķ֮Լʩչֶܴͨʱڻȡǿķʽ˺Ƿǳġ
ȼʱԽ˺Խȼһʱ꣬ս֮󣬿ܶҪǧʱָܻȼʱ̫Ϳɲת˺ֱǿܵġ
ʱĳʹĹҲ뾰ƴˡ̵ʱڻܻ߻ɱԣȻһսеģͻԼ
￡ɽ˵仰ʱҲһء
˶һۣҡͷ
䵽̨ϣǹѪ
ûзԿЩΡ
С㻹״ȼ꣬Ҫܼʹġ
ʱĳȻǣҲӽˡɫδ֮ǰնɱȥ
һҪԵ
Կٴ߶ϸҲ
ͨ
ԵΧ΢΢һ¡ţʧԭء
ʹ֮ͨ󣬵һʹͨ
ţأƿʧ΢΢һ¡
ãȼ꣬жڷ־ӰʧʶЩĲ̽ܡһӦǷ˲ѰһɹԿֲٶȽӽԼ
æгһɨ
ͬʱɫȴǰҵը
䣡ƵĻӽִֵ̫ˣȻӦ˾ԵĹֽվû㹻ʱתͲٿطֵ
壬һ㵹ɿΧķƣڱһƬҫ۹âֿٰȥ
ڳ嵹ɺ󣬾ԵӰǸռ֡һ˲䣬ԵӰٴʧ
ţɫδصĳΧ֡
ͨıûʲôԣͨľԣսȴǵõֲԵεߣĿǰͨܲжãϾֻǵһͨԳľͨ¶ˡ
ȻܸӦһЩ󣬿ȴЧĵֵ
ʩչͨĵڶֱӽƵķֻƵĿУ³Ѫ
ܣⲻܣ˻ߵŭ
ĿУͿֻɫ
ûмΰֵĴ㣬壬ʧ֮ڡ
ס֣
ͣƸܵ
ƴĴ߶Ȼȼ״̬߾ȫҲס
ԵȻûס֣һƲɫâ볣ƵԴƵ壬ӿУ͵䵽̨ϣһ졣̼ɢ
һɫĹţӳϸֳ۳Ρ
ԿųƵ壬ЦЦûм֡ΪʹȼĹʱ꼫ȶ㾰Բ׽ɱҲ군ˡԺʹޱıҲָܻˣⱲ񾳽綼ٴﵽ
Ƶ壬˿ſſԼʬ壬ֿ˿վһԵľԡϣǾãȻ
ĽǳʼϲġȻնɱˡľȼĹʹãȻնɱ
ôܣôܣУ˻
ֿ򿼺̨ܡ
ˣʯһ㡣


1058 Ĺ
˾˾Ӷˡ
ˣǺŪԵġڣĵȴһɺҲǾھ֮УͬǽǿģϾʱ乻Լս볣ȣܻ΢ôһ㡣
ɼǱԼǿôһĳƣȻڿ̨նɱˡ뾰Խ֣Ľ
˿վڿ̨ϣָ߳Դľԣеľ⣬޷Ƶ
˺һᣬϲֹ̧̨֣ͣܵת
ע֮£ֱӽƵԴ뵽Լָֽڡû˿ҪԽЩԴǾԿ϶Ҫ˽̵ˡ
ˡƿĿϡ
֪Լ군ˡ񣬻񹬻ֻܰǾҪϣ˵С
ܹ䱦һϣȻ˷ѡ
Ͽ˳һۣ˰֡
ԣŶս֮У󳣺ƳѾ֣ͣΪûֿͣʡ
ȻǴɵѯʣľţעҪһɳġò˶ãԾܽ񡣵ʱʵ˲֮ˡ
һʱղס֣ǸЦЦ˵
ԵĻش¶Цһʱղס֣Բ滰
һЩ񿴲ϡ￡ɽЩôܿԵƿ³ǿġ
˰ˡ￡ɽҡҡͷ˵
ҲĿžԣԣ볣Ƴ϶սУƺõһͨ԰ɣ
￡ɽָģͨ
֪϶סˬĵͷ˵û˽֮ͨ⣬һʹͨ
ͨ
ȫһƬͨһȫ̫ͬͨˡ
Ҫ֪һͨ޷
֮УͨģҲֻٲ˰ˡϵͨ͸ңɼˡ
￡ɽˣҲֻһͨѡ
ԲͨͨƷӦûһġͨö˵ͨҲȷ뽣ͨƷ൱塣
￡ɽֶһۣĿжŸӵĸ顣
ԣֱӽĹġεĹˣٲμˡ￡ɽ֮󣬶Ծ˵
ܹɱȾ񾳽ߵˣĹ⣿˵ûоƣԽ幬ӦöĹ幬Ҫ
лˡԣ̲ס¶ϲɫ
лңʵڵ϶˵ȥˣ̨ϳɡ棬߻Ҫнˡ￡ɽЦ˵
뿪̨Ƶ壬ҲͰ͵ķɳ̨ʱĳƣһҵĸо֪ԺԼҲʱ䳤֮г
ֵܡž졣
˾ԺҾҪǰĹˡԶԴЦЦ
ţȥĹãȥĹܺáͷ
εĹ˿ʼԣҲڿ˴֮ڡȿ˽ͨ˵ߣͬ￡ɽ˴ӵĹ
Ϊμӿ˵࣬ÿһֿоŸͬʱСԣû̫ʱ䣬˱Ͼԣһʮ˴ӵ˳Ĺ
ԻܲնɱƳϵϢҲһĴݿ
˵ϢˣһӦǲţ֮ԱǾÿЦϢܿõ֤ʵϾƳֻʣü١
Ϣӵɢ񹬡
컨컨¥
ԣ
ǰӵ͵磬Ͳ١
Ϊ񾳽硣
ѾһͨһΪͨһΪͨ
սˣ񹬵˲ɱ˾񳣺ơΪ񡣡
Ŀǰ컨Ϊʮλ
ھԵϢ컨¥һλ׷СⳤϿϢ۾
ɫţȻͬ찡
ţᵽǰ棬ʮλϾһվǰһ˵
ǣӦȥ
컨ģһʯ֮ϡھʮλģǾԵ֡ǽӴԵ֣Ժб־ԵӰ
ʱ򣬾ʮλľ֣Ȼʧһ̣ʮλ


1059 һ
򣬹ע컨ߣԲ١
컨ϵһ֣ÿһŴĹעÿһֵα仯ͬǣ˵ġ
ǣǰ֡ԽڰϿǰεı仯Խټ
ĴӾʮһʮλʮһεģǾ͸Ϊˡ
Եھʮλʧʱ򣬺ܶ˻һ¡Ӿʮλǰ󿴣ƺûоԵ֡
ѵоԵ
䣬Ǻܺ
ܿľ˷ˣԵ֣ڰʮλһʱļž󣬱ǵض
ʱ񹬵ĹеľԣȻ컨Ƿ鲻֪顣
Ĺռ̺ȵΪŨĹԱÿԴ񹬻õĻ񾧽ʮһ֮ࡣ
һԱһԻһǧ񾧣ڶɻһ񾧣ɻʮ񾧡˵Ĺʮһ񾧡
ʮһ񾧣ԵͼԣȻ֡ܽĹߣҲˡʮһ񾧣Ը߼ԣҲǺܿġң߼һ񾧣ѾЩˣ߼񣬻Ὣһ񼶶һɶ񾧡
ʮһ񾧣ҲͲ൱񾧰ˣ񾧣ǽǧѡ
ͨ￡ɽģ֪Ŀǰ񹬵ĹԱԼ˵֮䡣֣ȾеҪٺܶࡣ
ϾĴ֮һߡÿʱ䣬߽񹬳ԱһԱ
񹬵ʷƾãǧơ
ˡˣ񹬵Ĺȴʮ򶼲幬ߣ϶͸ˡ
ſ￡ɽ߹һ̣ԱʽΪĹˣȻѡľ˾롣
Ĺľ˾˾һһ̷ֽԾԵ̬ȣǷǳĿ
Ĺľ˾֮ڣĿǰȪ̷뼸λִ¾򵥵飬һǧһ񾧽ÿʱ侰ԿԽȪ¡
ݽҲȽ⡣һΣԵû˵һԽȪáΪĿǰֻ񾳽磬Ҫ幬Ҫﵽľ硣񵽾񣬿²ģĦʱԽҲС
̷žԣϤһµĹľ˾ׯ԰
ʱ򣬼֮ڣһЩ̫ϳٴμϽ¡
СһҪ˰ӽ̫ϳ΢Ц˵
ǰʱ䣬ѽĹˡǳ΢΢ͷ
ĹҪġ˲ǸгƵĳϣҲ֪ģһ񣬿ȻԸŪˣֻʣ¿塣һ̫ϳϸ̾һ
ɱĵһ㡣һ̫ϳϣü˵
⵹ܹ־ɱأ˵ǳԾԡӽҲһü
˵˵Եľ˾Ľɡһڶľ˾õȪľ˾϶ҲýһȪˡ
һȪټǧһ񾧰ɡ
ţҿԡ
򵥵һ£Եľ˾ĽǶˡ
Ǻǣ˾ˬءӽ˳˵һ䡣
أľ˾˾
˭˵ǣμأЦúϲ£ˡľ˾Ѿӡ
ţһԣƺܽľ˾һεĽࡣ
࣬ǱȻˡǺǣ֪СһҪܽ幬ӽ۾
µҪꡣȻ񣬵Ҫﵽ񾳽磬츳죬Ҳò̵ʱ䡣
ǰ񵽾񣬵û̫Ĺ֣ҲҪۣҪʱ䡣ǳͷ
һϰҲһϰ񵽾񣬼֮ϰ̫󣬶ԱֻСϰ
û˻ɾܴܲﵽλ̫ϳϿԴﵽ񣬲ʱ䳤̵⡣
Ĺ򱦵
һϮɫ۵ľԣ򱦵ֱһԴĴ
ҪһԴ𣿡һԱ̧Ŀ˾һۺʵ
ţһЩԶ˵ͷ
ʱڶһڣжʮĹĳԱڶһȡԴһЩ˿˾һۺתĿ⣬Ҳһ۶ÿ
Ҫʲôóɣ̨ڵĹԱĻӻֶԾ˵
óָָĹ̨
Ҫ۵ɲ١


1060 ɹ
̨ڵĹԱ˾һۣ֣ʾ⾰Ա𵢸ʱ䡣
򱦵һڣÿһ̨ÿһ춼ҪӴٵĹߣҪԱԴÿһĹԱУǿˡ
Ҳ⣬ֻЦЦ
һתֱ΢Ӷһ¡
ǰĹ̨ϣǳһĿԴ
ϵĸ鶫ѾûȻЩ˵ġ
óԴԱҲһ
̨ЩСˡԿЦ˵
֮⣬̨ڲҪ۵Դ
ԵȡԱֿ˾һۣһΣɫ֣ࡣ˵䣬ӹ̨˳
ӳһ̨ϵƵ̨ĵϡ
жٶҪۣóɣҺ÷㡣Ա˵ࡣ
áӦһ
󣬱㽫۵Դȫȡ˳ֻµҩδ㽫ҩҲ۵ȵЩ߰˵ɡҩļֵ㣬򵥵úܡ
ԱֳԵ࣬յʱ䣬΢ɳһ
ܼƼֵǧٰʮһ񾧡Աһ˵֡
УӳϵõĹֵͳǧһ񾧡
ʱ򣬴ڵߣҲע⵽˾ߡԱ֣˶һӶˡ
Ĺͨߣÿܵõʮһ񾧽һʱ䣬ܵõǧһ񾧡ǣΪĹߣÿȻܵõʮһ񾧣ɸ޷ġ
ܼһ񾧵ףܳǧһ񾧣Ǿͺܼˡǧ񾧣Щˡǵ幬ͨԱҲûˣǧһֻġ
ﻹһЩҩҲһˡʱȡָֽ
һָֽڣʢŵǲ쵤һָڣϻ
쵤Ǿ֮ʣģԼǧңֵǲߣҲʮһ񾧰ˡ
һöָֽڵϻɾͲͬˡһöϻֵߴһһ񾧡֮ǰһʱרϻϻѶȱȲ쵤ߵö࣬һ¯ɾܳ߿ϣϻҲǧ࣬óǧҲǼֵǧһ񾧡
ȫǧİٶһ񾧡
ԱһĶ
ȲŽ㣬һҪԴ˵
ҪʲôԱǳʵ
һڵЩԱǿԴӽ֮лýģһǳ֮һĽ׶
֮ǰ۵ԴֵǧԱܴгǧһ񾧡Ի㹺һЩԴǹԱٴγɡһһأܾ͵õһһ񾧵ĳɽ
һٶ죬ÿ춼ܳô࣬ǿɾü֮ˡ
Ҳѹ֣ԱЩϲ
һһԴҪһ񾧣Ѱ˼һʵ
һԴֵʮһ񾧡Աæ˵
ڵ͵磬ԴǺܺģڵ͵ĵʦ˵õһԴǳѡ磬ԴȻҲȽ󣬿ڣֻҪ㹻񾧣Դûκѹ
һԴҪʮһ񾧡
˵һٸһԴɡ
ԱĿһϲһٸһԴǾһǧĽ׶˵һǧöһ񾧵ˡ
ܿģһٸһԴͱõǰԿ˿ֱյǬС֮ڡ
һһҪƷʺһġ˵
֮ǰڳϵõһԲʹãó۵ˡԻһзԼĲ壬Ƕսʱͱ뺷ˡ
ееġԱѸݵĴӹ̨ȡһ㿴ΣƷﵽеȣܺܲҿû״۸񲢲ǺֻܹҪǧһ񾧡
͵ȷֵҲһǧһҡеȷֵǧһ֮ϡ
ԽӹӦһеķƣͷʦȻ֪зΡеȷڵľ˵ȷʵ㲻
ãҪˡûԥ˵
һǧһ񾧣ǧһ񾧣ǧһ񾧡˶񾧻ȥȴüͷûգһ¡
ԪؽᾧôԳһʵ
ԵĲϼĿǰȻǵ͵ƷʡҪòϼƷҪԵҪòϼմԪ֮


1061 Դ
Ԫؽᾧڵ͵ǲڵģĵ͵磬Ҳ޷Ԫؽᾧ
ʵ̺ԪءʦƳĵҩҲ⣬̺ԪصĶѶѡ
һ˵ʯ̺֮֮Խ϶ࡣ
Ȼ֮У̺Ԫ࣬òϼֱӴԪأǾ̫ˡжóȻԪؽᾧԻ㡣
Ҳãʱòϼӵ͵еˡһϼﵽеΣټϸոչеȷǾԵս١
ееģԪؽᾧһöֵһһ񾧡ԱЦ˵
һöҪһһ񾧣治һġ۸ҲھԵԤ֮ڡ
ʮöԪؽᾧ˵
ʮöԪؽᾧӦܹϼеˡ
úãԱֽóʮöԪؽᾧݵǰ
⣬һǧһ񾧻˳ȥ
仰Ĺ򣬾Ѿȥǧһˡ
ǧ񾧣Ʋ٣Ҳ΢΢һ̾
ֹ˴ϻҪĸݲϡһϻݲϣֵҲͼǧöһ񾧶ѣһǧݣھ˵ѹ
ϻĲϺ󣬾ֹһЩмᾧͼᾧһöֵһǧöһ񾧡мᾧһöȴǸߴʮһ񾧡
ʱ򣬾ԳԴõǧһ񾧣Ҳʣ°˰ٶˡԣùԱʣһ񾧣ڿ۳˰֮ȫ񾧣ö񾧡
򱦵ǳۻǹԴҪ˰ѵģ˰ǽ׶İٷ֮һһΣǽɵ˰Ѿʹﵽһٶһ񾧡
ǰǰ󣬺ķ˾Խӽʱʱ䡣
ˡԹ˵
ߺãӭ´ԱЦ˵
߳һ󣬴ڵߣŷ׷׳۾Եʲô
˿úܡ
ǰǵĹĳԱʮ򡣴ԱӦҲǼġ
óֵǧһ񾧵ԴۣǴֱʰ
ûȣŪһ񾧶ףСȴ־Ūǧ򡣡˵
ߣȻܱȣ˼ҾǵʵŪǧһҲǲܡͻȻһ
ˣϳ˾ԡ
ԣ
˵ľԣѵڵ˲ɱ˳Ƴϵľԣ
졭ԭǾԣ
֮Уһɫ˱䡣
ȻԵĹҲ쵱ġ
뿪򱦵ֱӻصľ˾ׯ԰ԼסıԺϷţúԤ󷨺󣬽ǬС硣
֣ҵʱҲˣڣʱˡԴȡԼһ˰ٶԴЦ˵
һԴǵڵ͵絤ʱõģһֱõڡ
򱦵һٸԴĿľһԴ
ЦŶԴ˵˾仰ȷŵһߣֽ򱦵һٸԴù
ʼɣ
Ҳ֪㽫һٸԴɺɱﵽʲôļ𡣡ǸһĨ΢Ц˵
ԴȼԽߣİԽ
񣬾űԴһոչԴԴŵһ΢תԴںϡ
ԴӴһԴ֮󣬾ԾһԼĸӦƺԴһֻ
ԴȻûԵűԴ澰ʱܾˣϾƵҩɹʼﵽٷ֮٣ñԴ뾰һεǣ
ԴʼһԴԴܣһ迪ھԵ£ɹΪ˳
ԸоԴϢɹǿһԴϢټ
ҲǲһʱԴɹһԴȫɵ
ͬʱԴɫҲ˲䷢Եı仯ʱıԴֳɫл״˸ͷųϢҲǳŨ
¶ϲ֮ɫ
ôף
ֻһԴʹﵽ˶Ŀϲ
ʹôʱԴԶԴ˽˵ǳ̡еɫԴԺѾһԴɱΪԴ
Ǿͼɣָ΢΢һһԴ֡
ɡ
ıԴԴ֮ǰһɣ˽ӽһʱɡһΣŹʱʱ䣬㽫һԴȫɵ


1062 ļԴ
ԴɵһԴֱӽ
ɵڶԴ֮ȻԴǿһЩɫҲΪһЩɲԴˣԵҲ׼
ԴĵȼԽߣѶȿ϶Խ
ûԥҪɵԴǰʱɽԴȻǶ
ɵĸ
ģԵɫʼˡ
Դ϶Ҫȴӵһڶѵö࣬ڱԴﵽⶼԴȻû
ԴǾʮһ񾧰
ȻǶıԴԵɫܺÿŹ֡
ҾͲˡԷһҧԴԴɡ
߸ڰ˸ھŸ

ھŸԴɣҲǶԴ˰˸Դ֮ɱɹԴ
װ
һķʮһ񾧡ķ˰ʮһ񾧡һ񣬿ɳԲҡҡͷ
ڸӦԴ󣬾̲סЦ

ԴƵҩҲһʱ䡣ңҩƷҲضã˵ҶܳƸ߼ˡϲеԴ
ˣԻһָӦƺԴԼϵӽһЩ
һϸĹ۲͸Ӧ󣬾ԽĿ⿴ʣµԴ򱦵ɹһٸԴʱʣ¾ʮһ
һɡ
ԴʼɵʮԴһΣΪǳɫԴ˲һʱ䣬ɣЧʴߡ
ʱһαǼȥ
ʮˡ
Ŷʮˡ
ҪɶٲܽļԺӣеıԴ
ʱԴȻԳֳɫɫȸսʱŨö࣬ϢҲΪ硣ֻǣȴһֱûнļ
Կ˿ʣĶʮԴҧ
ԴʮŸԴ
ˣ
һ΢ڣɹԴﵽļȭͷСıԴΪɫ嫵þԶһ𺳵ĸо
ԿŽļıԴҲǴɳһҪЦȴȻֹ
֮еģ¶˼ɫļԴھûκ߶֮£пʼʣʮһԴңɣͬʱʮһԴ
һĻþҲʵһ
Զ֪ǲӦͷжϱԴɣ˼ת˼Ȧ֮󣬾Ծֻεķ˷ۣҪֹˡΪ̶̵ļʮʱ䣬ʮһԴǱȫɵˡ
ⶫҪˡԺĴϢ˼
ԴȷʵЩ졣ȥԴ׳Լ˵ʲô˵ԴѾһʶȻ˵ûв壬Ѿʶ
㿴˺һļԴŻһԴŽԴڡ
̵˳ûκɬĸо
Դʧ΢΢۾ӡ
һӣԶʱȫһ
ʲô
Բ㾪һ
ӣʲôľ󣬾ļԴֱӽԼϸ
ε˵ҪȻ֮꣬󣬾ϸءҪ̶ȣԶϸ֮¡ڣһļԴĪĽԼϸôܲԾɫһӲҰסһŪãԾͿΪˡ
ǿ侲ʹļԴյʱƺûʲô쳣֡ٸӦϸԷϸҲûвȶ
ף
⡭ȷϸƺûд󰭺󣬾ַ˲Ѱ֮֮Уǿ̺Դ
ǿ̺ԴҲ˵ԲʹԴǴ붯Դ̺Դܡ
̺ԴȴǴȵǿ
΢󣬾ԲɴϲļԴȻս
ļԴǲǻѧܣͨܣ
סˡ
һʹĦʱԴϸоһļԴܹͨܣǿɾˡ
ʮʱ֮£һȥǿ֮£ԿʼϤԴá
ҪԴ뵽ͨУǼ򵥵顣ھϸĲ£뷨ǿеġֻǺķһЩʱѡ


1063 
Ħʱʱ˶ʮ꣬ʱҲꡣԣǽԴã뵽ͨԼѧ֮С
ɹǬСڳһ£̺ԴĹɶֹ
Դȼļ弶ԴԴأ
ˣҲȡҲ֪ҪԴ弶ǻ֪ҪɶԴ
Ʋ⣬ҪļԴٽһδﵽ弶ҪٸһǧͨһԴҲҪǧһڵһ񾧡ڽԴǾԣҲ롣
ҪŬ׬ȡ񾧰վǬСƽԭϣкݺݵĸпһ
΢΢һתеȷ֡
ͷţԷ͸
Ḷ́ʵϡֻҪһͿ˲γɷֱ
ΪеﵽеȲΣѶҲһЩ
ҪʱˡԸӦһĽȣҪʱ䡣
ͻȻһʹʹԴ
ԴһĽȻӿ졣ȻںüʱȥܼӿĽȽʡʱ䣬ֶֺΪأ
ֻ˲ʱеȷϣеҲ뵽˾Եڡ
Զսпǿ
󣬾óϼԪؽᾧʱһ²ϼƷˡ
ĬĬתǬϼϡԿϼڲռ䣬񻷵Ĺâ˸
գԴ߶ϼԪؽᾧ̺Ԫء
Ԫأӽᾧӿϼ
ڲϼԪصͬʱҲƾԼյǬܵĸϼڲơ
취ƣ˵ҪȽ취Ƽ򵥵öࡣ
ԾڵǱȽǿģһĶ죬Ҫķʵ̫̫ˡ㾰ǿ꣬ҪһҲһξͳɹ
ϼߣŪģòϼƷʣеѶȣİٷ֮һﲻ
ϼһöԪؽᾧյԪزŴﵽƷҪһĽ󣬵͵ƷʵĲϼﵽеƷʡڲ񻷣ҲǴһرء
е͵ȣķȣҲǷǳľˡ
ãð
еȻͬ죡ϲ̵ĿеĲϼϼܡ
ֿ˿ʣԪؽᾧ
̫ķˡԺ񾧵ĵطúܰҡҡͷϼջڡ
ɣ
û뿪ǬС磬ǾϻУǧϻϣȫƳܵõһϻ
һϻֵһһ񾧣һţǾǳһһ񾧵ļֵ
ʱδʹĦʱĦʱ٣Ϊʱٱı䣬þԵĳɵܵСӰ졣
Ȩ֮£ԾĦʱʱ䡣˵ļԴϻٶȿ϶ࡣ
֮ǰʹһԴʱ򣬾һ¯ϻҪӽʱ䡣ļԴֻҪʱƳһ¯
ʼ
羰ļԴȷʵǿһ¯ϻ˲ʱϡңһ¯ҩֱӳɵſš

Ƴĵҩպãûκε飬㿪ʼڶ¯ϻơ
һʱ䣬Ծ¯ϻ¯ҩÿһ¯ǳɵſţʮϻֵʮһ񾧡ķϻϵļֵȴһ񾧶
Ҳ˵һڣԾ׬ȡʮһ֮ޡ
׬ȡ񾧵ٶȣˡЩ񣬹ƶܾ°͡
ʱţһ¯¯ϻƳ
Ƽʮ¯ϻ֮󣬾ԾͲòͣˡΪĽҲǼߵġʮ¯ϻƣǾԵ깻ǿҲеƣСԣòͣꡣ
ȻڻָͬʱҲû˷ʱ䣬ĵáϵƵҩþԶǬҲϵļҪƳ߼ҩǾԿ϶ҲҪȥȥ𽥼ǿԼĵ
ʱˮһĹȥ
ԽǧݲҲǹʮ֮áʮʱ䣬󲿷֣Ͳ򵤵ȥʱ䣬궼
һǧöϻ񫰡Խϻ̾һ


1064 
һǧϻֳ֣һһǧţһǧšһǧҪȥ򱦵ۣʣǧ
һαչأҲʮʱ䡣
ȪʹãӦûܳʱˡţǾͽȪɡӰһԳǬС硣

̷˾Ժܿׯ԰ҵĹľ˾˾̷
ֵܣ̷ԣЦŹ֣֪ʱڱչأûȥšôαչؿջ𣿡
áȻûջС΢ЦӦ
ǺǣҪż츳ǿԴﵽεġ̷ڰ֣ңǲǴҪȪ
д⡣Եͷ
ţǵĹľ˾ǹʮ࣬һֱûнȪÿȪ㣬ڿȪꡣʱ䣬ôأ̷ʵ
ǿԣһνȪʱꡣ˵
ȻԣִȥšЭ̣Ҫʱ䡣̷ͷ˵
ã˾ˡԵл˵
̷󣬾ȥ򱦵ȡһ񾧡һ񾧣ǾʮõĻÿʮһ񾧣ĹгԱһ
󣬾ֽԴһ

Ըս˽Լ֡תĿһʮǰӴԼǸԱˡȻģ˹ȥ
ҪһԴ𣿡⹤ԱЦݡ
ǰһЩҩҪһ񾧡Եͷ˵ţͬʱһָֽóݸԱ
Աһɨ۾ʱһЩ
ϻ⡭ԱָֽڣһǧöϻȻѾ׼Ȼϻһ
ţȫˡЦЦ˵
áõġ
һǧϻֵһǧһ񾧡Աžԡ
ţи߼ᾧ𣿡ʵ
еģ߼ᾧǳһöֵҪһǧһ񾧡Ա˵
ͼᾧֻҪһǧöһ񾧾򵽡мᾧһöֵʹﵽʮһ񾧡߼ᾧһöҪһǧһ񾧡
˵֮Уûõ߼ᾧġͨ񣬿ܶʹø߼ᾧ
Ҷһʮö߼ᾧֱ˵
һΣҪȪꡣĦʱʱ£Ǿʮꡣʮʱ䣬Դ㾡ܵԼľ硣ȻһöмᾧԾһʮö߼ᾧ
áõġԱЩ͡
ʣµ񾧣ȫһ񾧰ɡԽʮö߼ᾧ˵
һǧһ񾧣һ߼ᾧķһ֮ޡʣǧһ񾧣۳׹Ҫɵ˰Ѻ󣬶һ񾧵ʮ
ɽ׺󣬾Աֱ뿪򱦵صľ˾ׯ԰
ʱ䣬һζ
һգ̷˾ԺҾԣ߾ѾԽȪٴεһлûٵ飬ֱӽĹľ˾Ȫеһ
̿ʼ
Ħʱתһתһöö̺ٱա
ͬʱҲʹû֮ԴмᾧӿԷ֮
ʱ£ʮʱ䣬֪ȥ
յķ֮Ǵﵽʮ֮ޡʮ֮УԵķȴռ˳һ㣬ʮ֮ࡣ
Բòֹͣʹû֮Դֻʹмᾧշᾧֱܴ򣬷ᾧϾǷ֮档÷ᾧȴԼӿؼ̺
ԸоԵķǣƻԷ֮󣬱ּʹû֮Դ
Ȫڣʱ£һգǺͣЪ˶ʮ֮áյķ֮ҲǴﵽʮʱ򣬾һͣ
ΪоΪǵ۷壬׼ȥͻƽˡ
񾧺ϻ׼ãԺɵĽͻơ
һҡ
ˣϸ΢΢һ
ϸڵȻ֮һأһָоʵĸоϸҪȥӯ
ɹˣ
񡣡΢΢۾Ŀȫϲ֮ɫ
Ǻʱ䣬Ծ侲񣬿ʼϻ񾧡ڵϸɸĿǰԾԶҪģǽϸͨ񾧺ϻӯ


1065 ս
ৣ
ʱԱȪֱӴ͵档
񾳽硣
ǰȪʱ񣬶ԴȪǰ񾳽硣̶ʱ䣬Ϊһ硣
ٶȣ
ȻʵϾĦʱ֮ѾʮꡣʮУĵԴһ֡ǧϻֻʣٿš
һöмᾧҲĴ߼ᾧõöö߼ᾧǿǧһ񾧰
񾧣Ҳȥʮ֮ޡ
ģһЩ񣬿ҲĿࡣ
ϧ
һûܵõΡ΢΢ҡͷ
ʵϣһνȪڸչȥʱʱ򣬾ԾͻƵ˰񾳽硣һʱ䣬Ҫڹ̾磬ȻǼͨͨ
ͨͨȻδͻƣҲ֮ǰ־˲١
֮һȪԵĽ
ʱ˿̵ľԣҸһдһˡţͨһԼӦԿġһ񹬣Ƕ쵼ˡĹ˾˾϶һ
ڵĹľ˾ԱкУԻص˾סıԺϷţʣĸԴһ¡
һ񾧣һǧ򡣶񾧵Ժԡ񾧣жʮ
쵤ϻٶšмᾧĴ߼ᾧʣö
ֵ׬ˡԴһԼʣԴ̾һ˵
ţ
ʱ򣬾ԸоѶʯж
ѶʯȡȻѶϢкüѶϢЩѶϢԪϿմġǰļǾȪʱģʱǽѶʯġһǸողŴ
Ҫ飿ü
Ԫ䣬ѵ鷳ͷת֮䣬ӰѾ˱Ժ
ӵĹһ뿪񹬣Ԫȥ
ûʹ鴬ȹߣֱչ֮и·ٶȣ֪Щʥ鴬϶١һʱ䲻ԱѾԪǼ֡
ɨȥ
ûⰡң󷨣ƺȫת֮Сü
ǵʮǰһʱԪΪ˽ʡԴֻת󷨡ڵļʮ󷨶תԿԪʮʱӦùûԡ
ֵܣ
Գڲ⣬̾˳һӭ
ԹЦŻʵҽӵϿ촫Ѷ˵顣
ϿڲڲڣӦ䡣æ˵
ŶҴѶһ°ɡȡѶʯϿմһѶϢ
Ͽգܿ˻Ӧ
ֵܣ㵽Ԫˣ䣬һᣬҺ̹ȥϿյѶϢ
ҹȥɣҡ΢һ£ִѶ
Ͽաֵٶȿ϶ԶԼ죬ǹԼȥҲûͨѶʯѯʵʲô£Ѿˣ˵ȽϷ㡣
֮󣬾ԾϿպ֡
ֵܣ
Դˣ
Ͽպ֣ԶԶľ͹кǶӭӦǾԸϿմѶ֮Ǿ͵
Ͽ죬ҼδѶʲô£Կ˿Ͽպ֣˵ı鿴жԪӦûоѡ
Ǻ¡ֵܣǽȥ˵ɡϿյ
ԣȥ̸¹ش뾰Դ˹ϣԴֽӿ˵
˽䡣
֮󣬾ʵʲô£
ڡ¡ԴʱʵûʲôȤ
ģ
ǰһʱ䣬ǷһϿɫ΢΢죬ԵЩ
۾С
Ͽյ̬¹ģСڵԪյĸֿҲ٣˶ȻΪһͨͶδѶԼ
һ񾧿δпɣѾȷ̺񾧡ңж񾧴档ĿҲ˷ܡ
񾧣ԸеЩ⡣
˵ûļֵǳǳߡңҲƿطΧ֮ڡڿδɣһɣϢ϶סʱض졣Ͽ˵
ţ뾰ԴϣԴΪҺϿ춼ϣŵԴ¡ȻԴҲھԴˣ䣬ֻҪָһɾСٺܿ˵


1066 
ֺϿˣûΪһ񾧿ͷԡȻ˷ܣҲһ㣬ͻס񾧿
ڣȷʵƿصĵڡ֮ǰȷʵƿأǵ񾧿Ϣȥ仹ƿص
ǾԲܣ
ԣ˴ϾԣԵ֮ıȡһЩôԳ⣬Ǻͺá䣬ֻֿһɳԴƲ࣬ʵ͵Ŀ̺񾧼ֻ࣬һɣҲԼġ
תĿ˿ˣ˵̽𣿴Լж񾧣
̽ΣΪʵ̫󣬵ص̺ѿ̽ĿǰѾֵ̽ʮһ񾧡Ͽź˵
ʮڣ֣Ҳʵһ¡
֪Ͽտ϶˵ٻڲƭԼȻ˵ʮ񾧵ļֵǿ϶ж©
ʮ񾧣Ƕھ˵Ҳһʾ޿ˡʮ񾧣㹻̤ˡңϼܽΪߵļԴҲɽ弶Դ
ˣ
˴һ⣬ôܰװ׷ȥ
ԴˣȻ񣬲ɣ϶һ͵ġ˹ģ񾧿䡢Ԫ価ܵĿɣֻҲüʱܿϡ˵
ҶԵͷ취ɵٶȲС
Դˣһ㡣Щµ˵񾧿Դͷòġ
ͷòΪΣʵ
䣬滹һ䣬кˮ䡣ˮ䣬ųǿҰϣҲСġˮ죬εĿǿߡ
ڴ֮ǰǲ䣬ͨԼƿصĿɳԴа˳ɶҪ͵ˮ䡣ԣ·ֵĴ񾧿Ҫ˳ɵĳ͵ˮȥεı˵
Ҳû취飬ƬҰ棬ΥͿܸ𡣡̾Ϣһ
üȻҪ˳ɳ͸ˮ䱣ƽΪϵң
Դ֪ʵ̫ˣҵĵǣ㽫˳ɳԴ͸ˮ䣬Ҳ޷ȷƽҶԺˮ˽⣬Ǽֱӽߣһôᶯǡ
ϵԴ㣬ϣúˮЭǰǰĹذ¡˳ɣˮ䡣ɣԼ¡Ȼµ֮Уٷ֮ʮھԴ㣬ʣİٷ֮ʮҺϿ졣ֽ˵
仰˵󣬷ڰ
ԣҲڰ˼⡣
Ƭ̣Բſ˵ˮʵΣ
ˮ죬εĿֲ֮⣬ˮڣڶεĳϡˮ䣬Աкü֮ࡣųƬҰϣûκһˮ俹⡣̻ش
ţȷʵǿġԵ˵ͷˮ죬徳أ
˵һ񡣡ֵ
һǵǿ̸̸ˡ¶һ˿Цݡ
ȻԼֻһ񣬵սͨһӦòضáټԼ񹬵̣ˮ̸һ̸ηͿⲻ
ԼԪ䡢ˮ̸Ҳ㣬һɡ
Ƭ̣ٴοڡ
Ͽ죬죬һ飬ǿһ¡Կˡ
Դ˵Ҳžԡ
ǿвУԪһ䡣֣ǽԪ䡣죬ҵΣλθ졣ȻֻǹĹȻǸҲܡ˵
ԼϺ죬ˮ̸䣬Ȼ˳ˡ
ϿպԵ飬΢΢һ㶡ǣûҪϲ䡣
֣ЩԸܡϺĲ䣬־ȻԪ䣬˵Ӵ˾ʧˣ
ɫЩÿ飬ǿܵģвҾܾԡ
죬ƺ̫⣿ЦЦ
ָЦһ
ʵϣҵ죬ҲкܴôġҳΪ죬ˮ̸УȻ˳ˡңҲ㽫İ˳Դ͸ˮ䡣ҿǵǣֳɸˮ䡣ʣµɣֻðٷ֮ʮԪɷְٷ֮ʮ΢Ц˵


1067 ̲ļ

ֶԲϲûȤܻȡ棬Ȥ߰ܵõô棬ϲʲô
Цݣʱſһ˲ֵ
ԴˣֻˮɵĿԴˮֻ²Ըǵ˵
ȥˮ̸ֻҪܷϲ԰ڰֵ
ϲû⣬Ժû䣬ֻԪ䡣ָɴĵ
ˣֺϿգվԼ
ǲҿ˵ˣҵֻǹѡԺԪ䣬աЦЦ
ϲԼԵϢڴϢҲܿ촫ԪǱߡϿո죬ҲѶԪĳϣǽϢ֪ԪĳԱ

ˣ棬·ֵĴͿˡָָ·ĵ棬Աߵľ˵
Ϊ˷ֹϢ©֮ǰ¿Ϣһֱֻȼ֪ңֺϿҲû˹أµľע⵽쳣˼
ţһῪӵˣͿʼɰɡԵ˵ͷ
ԡ֡Ͽȳں棬ò˶ãҲִһִҪͿпˡ
λ죬ﰲſȥһתĿֶ˵˾䡣
ǣӦ
ಣԴ䵽ϣ΢΢һ٣ӰʧϿ˵֮С
£
ٶȼ죬롣

һ㶼ûȷʵһ͵񾧿һ񾧡񾧡񾧣ȫСⴢܾ˰ڵ´еͬʱҲͷſ
ڵ£Ǵ񾧿֮Уͷųܴܵ󣬲Եȫͨ⣬Ҳ͸Զ
ʩչͨԺܿ뵽ǧסܣȻ޾񾧡Խ룬Խࡣ
жҲԽԽ˷ܡ
ȷܳ񾧣Բֹʮ֡˵һֵʮһ񾧵ĴͿ
Խ룬γɵѹԽͨÿʩչƶľҲ̡뵽һ׵ʱ򣬾ͣԾĿǰһöӨ͸񾧡
⡭ļ񾧣Ȼļ񾧣֣΢΢һöժС
ļ񾧣ֵͼᾧͬյ񾧣񾧿Ȼ̲ļ񾧣
ǾԣҲЩƲסļңһ׵λã񾧿ȻûеͷҲ˵񾧿̲صļ񾧣ܲ١
ֲεĴͿӦûзᾧŪԪؽᾧʯС
˿ܣûм롣Ҫȫ̽һ飬ʱڸܡھֻһֱǱ̽ǿ϶Ҫǰҵĺ̽ķѵʱͶˡ
һԱٴʩչͨ洩ȥ
Ͽաֽһ󣬾Աһˮȥ
ˮ䣬չǿģĿǰҲӡڿɣϢܿͻᴫԣҪˮһµķЭ顣
ʱ֮󣬾Ծ͵˺ˮ档
Ĳ䣬ȻһԿǰĺˮ䱾̲ס̾һ
Ĳ䣬ˮȫ޷ȡĲׯ԰Ǻˮ΢ͳС
ˮ⣬һҫĿǸγɵ֡Ҫƿ󷨣Ҳ÷һ
ʲôˣ
ˮ˾߹ʱһ
Ǿԣ񹬵Ĺľ˾ԱԪ졣ԱԼݡ
ʲôԪݣں񹬵ĹԱǾͲܲںˡ
Ҫˮ죬̸鷳ͨһԼ˵
ȥͨһ˵ţת뵽֮ڡ
һԺ֮С
Գ񹬵Ĺľ˾Ա
ֽоԣ
ûдҺˮʲôһɫڣ泤۵ߣ۾
ǺˮФһεǿߡ
ˣˣԳʲôԪ졣Ԫ䣬ҵһЩšƺ䣬һˡԪӦýϿգǴðģФǰԶһ۵ߣɫ


1068 ض
ߣֽвҡݣǺˮʦ
Ҫ˵Ϊҽ񾳽磬ˮڣҪΪߵģһץһѡںˮڣȴ˸ҶԲʦ˿Щ񾳽ĳϡ
ΪˮФԲʦޱΡ˵ڣҾһ֮֮ϵĴڡФ֮ԶԲҳΣȻҲԭġˮܹΪųǿҰܲɷֵĹϵ
ǧǰƬڣһˮ俹Ĳ䣬տ䡣տ죬ͬһ񾳽ǿߣʵФʱ򣬺ˮտΪ棬˵ʱʱ̶̿гͻ
գˮտ䡣֮ܳɹΪҡտ죬ɱ񾳽տ串𡣴ӴԺֻʣºˮһˡ
֮ФԲҽƴӡ
ʦ˵ҪҪԣФԲѯʵ
˼˶Ҫǲ仹Ҫ˽ӴһΪã˾ʲôĿġ˵ԪȻֵһᣬһ񹬵ĹԱݾͲСˡ΢Ц˵
е
Ǻǣ񹬵ĹԱҲһӲһĹԱ˵ҪҾȥҲ̫߿ˡʦȥһԣʲôФЦЦ˵
ҵͷӦ
ںˮڣѾ˲̵ʱ䡣
λ죬Ӻܴ󰡣΢΢תҲаʱˣûˮ죬Ҫﶼûм
ЩԲûϱֳһֱ΢ЦҲûڷĻȥߴ١
ҪˮԼȶá
ʱ򣬲˻֮⡣
ˣвͷôҵĻѯʡ
û쳣һֱܰĶԲ˵
ǺǣλҲ򵥰۾
˵䣬ҡ
õȾõȣЩ鵢ˣ뾰Ҫ֡ҽ뷿ɨ˾һۣ΢΢Щ㵣ԺᡣҲݼţ˲ϢЦһ˵ⷬ
ҲŲң˫ü΢΢һ¡ȻûˮФɴʱҲȷǰ˾ԲФФǿߣǰˣֻ
λ˿ˣ֪γƺվ˹ֻ񣬿ʵ
Ŷǲңˮľʦ̫æµˣӴЦ˵
ԭǲҾʦԿ˵
ʦҲ֪ġˮ֮ǰ־뾰ᵽˮһЩҪԱԾ֪ʦǺˮ伫ҪĳԱ
¡
˵Ԫ죿֪֮ǰԪˣյϢԪƺһϿյߡתĿžԡ
ҾʦϢ֮ͨǰȷʵˡԪѾϲγµԪ䡣ңԪ졣˵
ԭˣǾ͹ϲˡ֮ǰܺˮӻȻڳԪ䣬ԺԪ䣬ȻҲܺˮӣһԷġ˵ϲԪ䣬ҲЩԾεúܺã̾͹ϲ졣
ĻȻǸ߾ԣˮϲûȤ͡ԺԪҪϹˮԴǰǰĹذ졣
ֻҪԪ䲻۶£ˮ䣬ùǺϲϲġԴ͹ˮ޹ء
ҾʦιҪ˵¡
˵Ԫƿصĵڣһ͵񾧿Ժ󽫳񾧡ָͳ죬֮ǰһЩңһֱˮɰ˳ɵĿ롣ԿŲһ˵
ţġҵͷ
ιҪˮһЩ˫¶򡣽ɰ˳ɵĿ룬ʵЩ˲ܽܡΪɵķݶάɱȽϺʡֱ˵
Ŷһ
һ⣬Ŀбŷɨԡ
Ͻɿ룿
ǺǣϽ߳ɿ룬ˮ䶼̫ܴӦԣȴ˵ֻϽɵĿ롣
Ŀɨɨԣλ죬ǲǿ˵ˣɿ룬˵Ͻɿ룿


1069 Щ
Ͻ߳ɣˮ䶼̫ܽܡ
ǰˮϽɱѵĲ˵Ҳϰٸ֮ࡣЩϽɵĿ϶Ƕڰ˳ɣ׸ı䣿ԪٽһЩ϶᲻
Ի˵Ƿһ񾧿ɳ񾧡ˣ͸Ӳ׸սɱˡ
΢΢ЦԣԼ񹬵ĹԱݣΪˮһӸɣ
Щˣ
Ԫ䣬Ͻɿˮ䣿Цžԡ
֮ظһ䣬뿴ǲǿ˵ˡ
ûԪԺϽɸˮĿҾɻܽܡٸߵıЩˡϾԪҲһǧֵܡԿ϶϶˵
һΣҵɫĳ
ӣĶžԡ
ԵĿҲ̫˰ɣƾʲôƾʲôôţƾʲôĵ
Ǻǣˮа壿
죬ƺ̫гⰡҵͳЩ⡣
ҾʦҵĳѾܲСˡڣԪ졣Ը⽫ԪĿ룬ϽɸˮɣǸˮӣФӡȻ΢Ц
û̸ˡ죬Ժˮж˽⣿ФƢЩ̫áԪ䣬ˣǿԺԪ䣬ͺƬʳˡ죬ҪǴЦ˵
ҾʦҪв𣿡Ц
ðɣ
ĳɣϽĳɿ룬ҵĵߡģҪ˵ˡҾʦФһ¡нˣɸ˵ԪҴѶϢ
ôͲˣǣվȥ
ңλϲδվ͡ĿžԱʧ⡣Ŀеĺ⣬Ũ
û¾ԵĴ㣬ûпǹôǾ񹬵ݣЩɵԲ񹬵ĳԱǾƾЩͱض޷߳ˮ䡣
ˮ£ض֪ںˮˣ񹬽ܰƽҲúķѼۡ񹬵ĹԱݣ˲ܺӡ
ߣ֪ߵغСڻƬ̣վһ䣬˳ȥ
Фǰ
е˼ФҵĻ㱨Ц
Ҿʦ˵СĵҺˮа壿ͷǣʲôıҺˮ䲻ФȻڴЦĿеɱѾˡ
ˣʱȲҪ֡ҪŪô£ѡˣֻҪһǱߵˣѯһ֪Сûд󱳾ʱٳҲ١۾˵
ˮڣȻҲйϵġ
ʦ˵ûʡФ˵ͷ
ԣȷʵФŭҪŪŪԣҲüһʱȷ񹬵ǲд󱳾ɽپδã
ФȡԼĴѶʯ˸йϵ񹬳Աѯʡ
򵥵Ľ֮Фɫˡ
ˣǱô˵ģҿ˿ФɫЩò׼Կʵ
ԣһ͵Ф
һҲ˿ĹΣֻҲЩ⣬Ц˵
Щһ㡣
ӵ͵磬񹬣ʮʱѡФ˵
ŷʮꣿ
⡭ôܣһʮ꣬ôܽĹҪĹҲΪɣЩԾˡ
˵һ㡣
Сӣûʲôⱳ츳侪ˡڴϢ˵˱񹬸߲עһЩ￴ǱΪضܳΪ񡣡ФЩĵ˵
Ϊ񣿡
Ǻǣô״ﵽڲж֮ڣһ֮ڴﵽǲεҲʱгܴ֡ﵽģж٣ҲΪȻ˵
ɾȷʵ̫̫ˡǶţ󱻿ھεģҲ಻ʤ̤ΣҪ츳ҪԵ츳ûлԵҲ޷һͨϰ
ΪˣҲЩΪȻ
ԣ컨ѴﵽʮλңͣƺδꡣФҡҡͷһǺˮ䣬ֻܳԱˣ


1070 ʯ
ҲĬˣ
ФǿˮΪȷʵЩǣ˼ıǮ
ñΣ
ѵŪԣ
ֻͨ񹬵ĹԱǾʮ˾ԱǶ˵㽫Ū˸һЩƽڣȴûôˡ
񹬴ǹҵϺŵţФ治ŪãͿΪˮԼԼ֣֮
ʦأФҡҡͷʲҵ˼
ʱֻˡҿЦ˵
ðɡɸȥСӴѶͰ˵İɡФٴһеɱѹȥڰ˵

Իص񾧿
Ͽպ֣ĿɣѾʼ󹤣ֳֿ󹤾ߣȻھЩ󹤣󲿷ֶԪĳԱֻٲֵŪū
վԵ˼󹤵Ҫӡⷽ棬ǿͨūﵽĿġʥūܱˣ񾳽ūȽϹ
ǣӵһʮ񾧵ĴͿǧ˰ٸūҲ㲻ʲô¡Щ£ǲҪԲģϿա˸ɡ
繺ūǺģ˵񣬾ū򵽡ǰǣҪ㹻񾧡
ԻϿպӭڴžԡ
ԺϽɸˮĿ룬ĳɱˡûѯʣͿ˵֪ĵĿ϶¡
Ͻĳɿ룿˶һ㶡
ԣϽĳɡԵͷ
ˮͬ𣿡ʵЩš
ǰҲûвҪϽɵıѣ˼Ĳ䣬һһȫˡϽɱٵ߳ɣˮ䶼Ӧھ죬ȴ˵ֻϽĳɣˮͬ⣿
ûд𸴣ӦÿˣϢǡԵΪš
֪Լ뿪ˮ󣬺ˮ϶̽ԼϢ֪Լ񹬵ĵλֻҪӽˮˣͬϽɱĿԾͺܴ
ʵȥˮ֮ǰԵĴϽɱФˮ죬ԳԼǾǿϽɿˮ䡣ǣФû棬ֻɳһʦӦԼԼʱ
ǺǡвٴνϽɿҲˡ
ǲùңæȥɣԶ˰˰֡
ǡǣ˶һۣȥ
Ǻ£
ǵȻ£ˮ䣬ʵ̫ǿˡˮԪ䣬ǿ϶ɰֻǣ춼ô˵ˣ˻˵ʲô
ͨ
Ӱһʧԭءһ̣Ѿڵ¡֮ǰһֲܴ̽ڣһΣԴúõĲ鿴񾧿
ͨʩչԲϵ¿
򡭡ǧ
쵽ǧ׵ĵط
ĿУ˷ܡܣȫļ񾧡ڵ̲֮ص񾧣һ붼ļ񾧣
ﵽжļ񾧣Ҳ֮Բ١
̽鵽ײԿʼƶ
ʱһȥ
֮̽УԾȫ߶ܿռ䡣һʱȷʵһЩᾧ֮İһ١ͼķᾧû̫⣬ҲûпȥժͼᾧһöҲͲһǧһ񾧶ѣֵþԿ⻨ȥժ
ԻһСƬռмᾧмᾧһöֵʮһ񾧡һСƬռڣһٶöмᾧֵһǧһ񾧡
ȫժǬС硣
̫ˣ
ףܵѹ̫Ҵﵽ񾳽磬Ӧɲ١Щεҡҡͷ
ֶͨΣǾԼ֪䱦Ҳֻ۰ͰͿţ޲ߡ
ҡҡͷ󣬼̽顣
תۣǼʱȥڿ£Ѿ㼸ˡȻԶԶûܽ̽һ顣ھ򵽵мᾧȴǴﵽ˽ӽöֵӽǧһ񾧡֮⣬ԻŪʮöԪؽᾧֵҲһǧһ񾧡
ջ񣬿˵Ǿ޴Ϳֱһ󱦿⡣
ţ
ͻȻ΢΢һ
̽鵽
ǡʲô
ৣͨʩչԵ̽쳣ĵط
۾ĶǰƷǣһҺ̬ƷֳǳɫŨµݺݵĳžԵĸй١
ʯ飿⡭ǵʯ飿Դˡ
Դδʯ飬ǵ磬Ҳûмʯ顣֮ϳʯ飬ȫΪһ񹦡


1071 
һݴУϢ
ʯ飬Ϊһ㶼֡磬ʯ϶ı
ڲһ񹦵ϢУȥбԴ֮⣬ʯıˡ֮ԲʮҪΪƷԵĻ֮Դһֱʹá
ô˵ʯһΣҲǾġ
ǰĵʯ飬ɲһΡԣ˾޴ıأôܲ˷ܣ˵ʯ飬Լ̤񾳽磬ɾͼ򵥶ˡ
û̶ռƽһⶫ˷һǶǱ
óһϴƿͷųͬʱתޱСĵģһ㽫ǳɫʯ뵽һƿڡ
ţӦʮΡ͸㣬ԻȷԼõ˶ٵεʯ顣
ʮΣ
ϢȥǾԺ밲ˡΪ񣬷ѱסȫĵʯ顣
ʯȫռܿռڣȻеʯϢ
Աתһ񹦿ʼǵʯдϢҲܸ˷ˡ
죬ʯϢŽȫʧ۾ӦһԼΪ
ǽʮ䱦죬ֻһЩζҵİ񾳽磬˲Сķȡֱӷһεʯ飬ֽΣһƬȡ
ৣ
ͨʩչƶõ˵ʯ飬ʱҲ²̽ˡȥҸƧ֮أ˵
Ԫ䱾
ˣ
ˣ
벿䣬ЩԵĳԱæļԪ䱾ԭıϲȻҲ͸ˡԭԪĳԱҲѾȫǨƵ²䡣
Ҫչأҳ֮ǰκ˶ôšԷԸֱӽһᡣ
ú󷨺󣬾ԽǬС硣
ó񾧡ϻֽĦʱת֮ԲȡʢŵʯƿʱԵϣ͸һĨɫ
ʼɣתСĵģһεʯƿڷֳ
󣬾ſһڿеһεʯС

ȻھԸԣæתһ񹦽ת
ʱھߣܿ棬һֵɫâתԵգȴǳɫ
һεʯ飬̺ʵֲ̫ˡĴ󺣣ھԸڷԼתҲǽ֮޾ˮһСϪ
Բ˿⣬һ񹦣תޡԴܣȫ
ŵʯתԵΪҲǲǿ
֮󣬾Եľ磬Ѿﵽޡ
񣬿ʼͻƣ
Ӧһεʯ̺ԼѾȥģһɶ
䣡
䡭
Բϵĳıݡ
ƣƣ˻š
񵽾谭Ǻܴ󣬶ھ˵⣬ͻƲ¡
õʯ֮
ˣϸ͵һ¡
񣬳ɣ
̤֮󣬾ûֹͣΪʯ̺Ȼʣ༫ࡣڽ֮ǰΪޣõĵʯһɡ֮󣬳̾õĵʯҲɶࡣ
Ҳ˵һεʯ̺ʣ´Լ߳ɡ
ʱ򣬾ôֹͣ˵ͣҲǿͣǿԼĲ嶼ᱬ
˰ʱ䣬񾳽ȹ̡
תʯΪ

ˮ䣡
죡ˣ
ںˮФסһ漱ٵδ£һӰ㼱ҴҴФķ䡣ˣǲľʦҡ
ʦôˣФü
Ф϶ŭ˵ֱӳɱǶԲңФľͺöˡ֮УҲûʲôζ
ˣ㻹ǵһ֮ǰǾǺˮʱ˵һ񾧿𣿡Ҽٵ˵
Ŷô񾧿⣿ФŲҡ
ֹ⣬ֱǴ⡣ǾС˵ִͿһû⣬ֻΪûˡĴ񾧿ô׷ֵģο֮ء
ȴ벻һ͵񾧿ȣЩ١
Ϳж񾧣ФҲòʧ̬˵ֵԲ͡


1072 ˾֮
ųԱȽƶ񤡣͵񾧿ǳϡ١
ֻһһĺˮ䣬ôƬưԣˮųǿҰֻһЩ붥ⲿ䣬Զ
Եʧ̬˵·һ񾧿ФȻѯʿ񾧴
Ĵڻ޷ȷͨҵõϢ񾧿ֵԲʮ񾧣ֻ಻١˵
ʮ񾧣ȷʵԳƵǴ񾧿ˡ
ұ֣ФȫϢ΢΢һĿоϡһڷЩⲽ
Ԫƿ֮£Фʵ
ǰ
죬ǲӦòȡʩǿǴʮ񾧵ĿСֻԸϽĳɿǺˮ䣬һǲֿɡͨĿҲͰˡɭɭĵ
ͨĿҲˣ񹬵ϣˮҲˡڣԴʮ񾧵ĿƲİ
ʮ񾧴Фٴȷϡ
ˣʮϣﵽʮҲпܡԪϴūгū󹤡ȥ˵Ȼ죬񾧲ϱɳ˵
Ҫһˡ
ϵһ°ɣܽĻǺˮ佫кܴáФ˵ţȡԼĴѶʯ
һѶϢ񹬡
񹬵һɫòΪߣһݻķڡϣһ޵Ůߡ
ӦѶʯ쳣ɫ˲
ĸ쵰ʱӵ£߼䲻õһ
磬˼ҪŮ
ŮӣΪҲһΡǣǽɫǰȴһŮһ㡣
ɫߣͬεߡһ˾ηݣ˾˾Ķӡ
ȵȵȣҿĸ쵰ʱҴѶŮӵĴȣ󽫴Ѷʯȡ˳
Ф쵰Ƥ˰ɣߣ˵ɣӷĺˮ䲻ɡһЦ˳ФظһѶϢ
٣ûŵɣܿ죬ѶʯʹФĵ
˵أ⡣
ںˮФ΢΢һæЦǸ
ʲô£Ͻ˵ͷѯʡ
ġФκεθڵ˼æ񾧿£
ɫҲ΢΢һŮӣվ
ȷʮڣ
ٷְȷФ̵
ߣǻʲôӿסôҪӽ𣿡ȵ
٣Ҳôɰһϰ񹬵Ĺľ˾һоԵСӣ˵𣿡ФЦ˵
ԣ֡Щ찡üԼʲôط˵֡
磬Ĺľ˾Ǹ֪³ֵߡ˵һʱ䲻Ůһԣӿ˵һ䡣
Ůôһ˵ʱ
ԵȷʵȽϴˡݵˣ˵֡
֪ԣôˣظѶϢ
٣ڵϰԡͿĿǰǱԪգԣԪ졣㲻֪Сŵúܰûˮ
֪Щһ㣬ʱ˺ǳѣŴŻ㰡ФѶ˵
ФԼ׶ԾԶǿԸԣǾСˡФãΪ˹ʮ񾧴ĿܸĿű˳⣿
ֻҪˣֺ֧ˮԸԣǾûˡ
Ȼˮ佫󣬻õ棬Ҳøһ롣
ԣȷʵЩ֡Ѷ˵ڣڹע
٣˼ǣФ΢΢һԹȻͬһ㣬䶼Щɵӡ
ߣʲô˼ˣȻ㲻ɱˣʹˡֻҪ˲Ǿû¡һתϸֳ֮ɫ
٣ˣͰŶ֡仰Фûк֮ˡ
ں֧֣һԣĿΣСӸ£߾ǣҪپܰƽ¡
Фж˴Ѷ۾һƬȡ


1073 ¾
ФĿɽΪˣФÿТٵάֹϵ
ûд£ΪФͷʲôݣ⣬ФͲȥ
죬Ǳô˵ҼФ˴Ѷʯʵ
ʦ̰Ա֡Ф˷ܵ˵УһԳɣ²ܳκ⡣
ФҲȥͿĴʮ񾧵ĴͿԸˡֻҪŪԣһж˵
ټ֣
Ԫ񾧿
ˣ

һƬȻľ
񾧿ǷǳӲģҪɣҪΪҪרŵĲɿ󹤾ߡȻʵ㹻ǿҲܽһööͳ
̺񾧰ǿֲ
ǰЩһδ̺֮Ŀ
һȥپһö񾧱ó˭ҪһǾ淢ˡ
˵ɣٶ࣬Ҳûйϵ
ǣżҲļ䡣Щ󹤣ūݣûɣҪǸʲô͵øʲôǣҲܣΪǶ޽Լ˵һͷɱǵꡣ
ԪЩū㲻ˣȻŬɿҲһЩִϼˣǶԪ䣬ûʲôԹܶˣҡ
ˣ
ʱһϣͻȻһƬӰӰ´¡
ߣٵֽ
ӿļ׽֮УӰҲԼٶȷɳ⼸ˣǸɵԪ䳤ϳԱǸӦ߿ȻҪӦ
ʲôˣ
Ԫصأ˲ÿ
뿪Ԫ佫Ϊߣ⼸ԪĳԱȵ

Ԫ䣬ôͷȺһӰɳЦһ˵
ţ
ˮģ
λǡˮФ⼸Ԫ䣬ǳϼʶФ
Фˣ
֪ФԪصкιɣ
УõԤСФˣʲô⣿ңФɲһģдĺˮԱƺǣ󹤡
ߣԪأһվФ󣬴ʵ
ڱФˣ̸ȥԪ䱾ɡһ񾳽ĳϣ˹˵
ô鷳ˡФȴǰڰ֣ǹЦ۾𣬡ڣҺˮӹܡǣǲ˸Ͻȥ
ФƬأǼʲô˴񾧱ɳЩһȥʱٳλ񾧡ֱڵϼ񾧰
񾧵ĴԾˡФЩˣ޲̿ס
Фˣʲô˼Ԫġ֮ǰˣҲФ˴Э飬ĳɵĳ͸ġϣü˵
ߵһˣóѶʯϢԪı
˶
Ҷô˵ǲ֪ߣԺӵˡԪ䣬ùԹӱ㽫ԪΪƽأФԽԽûˡ
ˣյʱڣԪԱʦһ
⡭ФˣαΪѡϣȻôίߣʱ䣬졢Ф潻档
øյʱˣ֣ɱФһɱϯ󷽵ĺˮǿ´
˲䣬ʮˮĸ߼˳ӿǰɱ˹ȥ
ֱȺ
ԪߣǿһҲ񾳽糤ϣôܵסˮȺǣ
ԪϣֵĻᶼûУͱһɱ
˻
䣡
ɣɣˮļʮ߼񣬽ӶĴ߶˾ɱ
̶ʱ֮ڣԪ㱻նɱϰˣ궼޷ѳȥ
ФͲңվԶޱĿһɱ¾ֻ֮УĹâȴԽԽʢ
֮ǰǺˮ䲻Ǻܿ𣿲ֻԸϽĳɵĿ𣿺ǺǣҵҪĿΣФͳܿռ쳹
һɱ¾Щū޷⡣Щūʥ񾳣Ȼ˷ߣӳȥʮ֮һ


1074 侮ʯ
¾ʼҲյʱ䡣
ԪĿ󹤡๤ԼԱ߰ٵ˰֮䡣գ߰ٶ˻ӳȥģһ˶
֮УѪζƮɢɱˣ඼ʬ޴ֱӻΪ촷ۡ
ˣвԪԱѣǷ׷ɱˮ䳤ϺФǰ
£ΪҲǺˮԪϣФΪġ
׷ɱͲˣһЩСˣɱɱҪ³ϣ˴ɨһսȻɿ󡣡Фڰֵ
ǣӦȥ
սɨ֮󣬺ˮĿ󹤿ʼӶй߹Фʦˣ̽񾧿ģ
ʦȷʵǴ񾧿ԣĴʮ񾧡ռ˴ĿֻҪһףǶʮ񾧶ܿɳФܡ
ܴﵽʮ񾧣͸ɷݶФĺˮҲܵõʮ񾧡
ȻҲܴԪеõĳɷݶ˭֪Ԫ᲻˽һ¡ͿɲЩͨСͿ׾̽ͿͲôˡ
˵һʲƸ͸ԺĹϵȻ͸һ˵һԣʲô
Σִ񾧿ضڳöԼ˽Ҳ֪
죬ϲϲǺˮʵ١Фص
ʦҵأôҲһݡФЦ
ٺ١һЦת죬׼ӦĿ϶İ
ߣûл֧֣һøСӵӡڣһʲôҽǾʹġФ緢˵
ڿתһȦФͲҴŴ󲿷ֺˮ߼뿪
ϣֻºһϸ𿴹ܡ
ڣ㹻Ӧͻ״ˡǾˣǰܷʲôοǺˮԪϣΪǾ۷塣
ˮ䱩ԪϢԾٶȴ
֮ǰԪ䣬һͿϢڶ֪ġͿɣϢ̫ʵۺ졣Ϊԭǲûжᡣ
ڣˮ䶯ˣԺˮ俪ɡЩȻ͸Ӳˡ
Ԫ䣬ǺǣҲռһͿϵܲס
Ԫ䣬Ҳ
ûôθڣȴôһ⣬Ҳǻá

ƬڣûʲôͬԪ
Ԫ䱾
ʲô

ˮ䣬ҳǣǴӦ֮ǰķݶ𣿡
ɶ񣡿ɶô죿
Ͽպ֣Ҳܿõ˿ߵϢ־ŭ
ˮߣԪ䣬Ժ󽫲лһ˿һĺô
£Դ˶ޱȵķŭ
ǣԺˮȻ޲ߣ
ȥˣȥ
вͨڳ˵ΡѾߣǸ㲿㳲ҲûκεĻᡣһԪȡжյĽҲԤϣ䳹׸
Ͽո죬Ψһģ飡ŭһФ״󣬶Ͽ˵
ţֻˡϿյͷ
ƺڱչأԸԲܴŵġϿ˵һ䡣
ڳô顭ü
ȰɣڱչͻƣðȻţܻءϿҡҡͷ
ҲֻˣּϿ̬ȱȽϼҲû֡
ȥоԣûӡ뷨ϣϿȥҾԡϾϿ뾰磬ϵ뾰Ҫܵöࡣ

ľ䣡
䣬ʵҲ㲻
ںˮļľ죬㽫ڵǿټ
գľ䣬Ԫ䡣ľ죬һϢ
ǿߣ΢΢һ㶡
ľ䣬ԭʵҪǿࡣľ죬һ
˵ɻλһЦ
Ԫ䣬Ȼǵ˺ˮ䡣ʱȥԪ䣬ˮԲʡٺ٣ԪȻ󣬵ӦҲһЩˮġ⣬һѵõĺûᡣ
ˣԪ䣬գԪ佫ľ죬ֱһӵ


1075 Գ
ľ䱾ڣһ֧飬ǰӵΪ֮ˣľһ
ʱˣԪ侯䷶Χ
գΪͿˮ䱩ĹϵԪ䱾䷶ΧࡣԪ䣬ҲĺˮֱӽԼϳ˵ȻҲųû١
Ⱥ˴Ԫ侯䷶ΧϢٴԪ֮ڡ
Ԫ䱾ͷণдȺԼ䣬һӱ㶯
ǺˮģϿձء
ڽһȷϡǲǺˮˣԷԪ侯䷶Χ϶⡣ɫͬѿ
ţս׼ɡϿ
ȷϵϢóѶʯ˿ɫӱ䡣
ľ䣬쵰Դӡѹֵ˵
ľ䡭
ľ˵Ǿ񾳽ǿߣϿջһָͳ죬ôӦԣ
ûѡ潻սǵʱ޷֡ΨһȡʱķԲΪءûй˼㿪˵
˫ʵкܴġ
뿪ݵȥɱԪԸɲľ䡣ڵԪ֮ڣȥ֮⣬ֻ񾳽ߡľ죬Ǿǿߣ£вٸ߼
ҪǣϿպֱȫص֮ڡ󣬽ȫת
Ԫ䣬Ҳ󷨣ܶγһЩϰ
һȥϿպˣվڲ֮ڣǰա
ʱһȺӰ֡
ĿȻϻ쵰϶ûٰ
ϿҲһ
󷨣ȷʵֵܵһЩʱ䣬Ӷã
˵û룬Ԫ䱻ƣҲʱ⡣
֣δڵ֣һЦ˵Ԫ䡣

֪죬ôԪ䣬кιɣֻӦ˵
ľʲôɵӶֵ֪˶˴ǰĿģҲһ
ٺ٣Ҳûʲô顣ιձԪ䡣Ц
ڿЦ𣿡ޱ顣
ЦϷûʱ㿪ЦԪţϷѡҪôľձ࣬Ҫôľ佫ȫɱԼѡ񡣡һ
ԪˣϢ磬תĿֺϿˡ
ͱˣƾľ䣬ҲձԪ䣿֪Ԫ˭
ߣԪ죬񹬵ľԴˡϿճȵ
Ͽն԰ɣҵǶжţһҲŻңЦʲôƨԣң
ԾԣҲжŵģǺ˽⡣Ծ񹬳ԱҲʲôҪɫ򣬼֮ǰˮԪĴͿǸôƨҷţ
֮Ե˼žԪ䶯֣뿴Ԫ쾰ԶԴʲôӦüԪ޷Ӧɴ˿ԿǸ˵ľԣҲֽϻˡ
ʱڱչأ뾰Դ̸̸ǿҪһʱ䡣ϿתתĿ˵
Ц
ڲƭϷΪϷɵӣ
ߣϷǷϻͬⲻͬⱻľձ࣬ʮʱͬãǲͬ⣬ձԪ仯Ϊɻҵӣһ֣һֲ͵Ĵϯ
͵ײԪ֮ϡ󷨹ԣҵҫ䣬ƺ΢΢𶯡
ڵˣɫ䡣Ȼͷŵܱ󷨵ֵǻܸоǹĿֲ
ʵȷʵ̫ǿˡԪ϶࣬ǿһ֮ڣܽԪķơ
ǬСڱչصľԣüͷ΢΢˶оԼľʾһЩ쳣
ѵҪԼڵķ䣿
ʱһεʯ飬ȫˡ֮ûмųȥҪȹ̡ϤѸľʵ
۷壡
ʯ飬ǿֻһΣҴӰֱӴﵽ˾۷塣ǰһǱ񣡡
ȥɣ۾վ
ĿУһƬ財žһκ˫ĿڵĹ⻪ȥ


1076 ȫ
Ͽպֶһۡ
ô죿컹أǿ϶סľĹֵϿ˵
ӶþӶãԲܴӦձࡣһֹͣת¶ԷֱӾͻɱϿϢ˵
šصͷ
˶֪֮ǰǷձĻšֹͣ󷨷ȺĿܾǣֱӳɱɱձʲôģֻʡĻӰˡ
죬ʮʱ̫ˣҪһЩʱ俼ǡ̧Ŀ˵
Ǻǣ֣ʱɣʱԪԮأϷҲǽˣȻҪһЩʱ䣬Ǿ͸һЩʱ䡣յʱ䣬յʱм
ʮʱյʱ䣬˵
ɭɭĶԪˡУЩʵûʲô𡣴ӿʼûԪ˻ȥ
ձ֮ĻֻڲƭֶΡԪ󷨣ɱ͸Ϊˣ
Ԫ٣ǿй˵Ҫ˷Ѳٵʱ䡣
뿪ǬС磬վڷУ΢΢ü
ڣԼ֮⣬޵ڶˡҲ˵û˾ʾ󷨽Լķ䡣
ôղžʾô£
ͷһɢ˲Ԫ䡣
ţ
ȺˡԿľߣɫʱ

Ͽո죬յʱ䣬Ҳ޼°ǣǲ뾰Դ˳أֿЦ˵˸ѹ̫ˡ
յʱضһ󷨱ƣôԪ䣬Ϊƽء
κ˴šϿմʱҲҪԳִ֣ǾԱչǰѹɽ
ô£
ʱһԺ
΢΢һ㶣¶ϲı顣Ȼھġ
죬ƺǳˣ
˸ոշӦһɫӰͻȻǰǾ˭
Կ˿Ͽպ֣תĿˡ
ʲôˣԵĮѯʡ
죡Ԫˣļһ϶¶ϲɫжȥͷѹŵĴʯ
Ȼ񣬵ⲻӰ쾰Ĺǵĵλ
죬ЩľˡΪ׵ǸľϿæ˵
ľ䣬븲Ԫ䡣ֽ˵һ䡣
΢΢һЦǸһȡĿУȴ˸⡣
ľ죬ʵ
ǺǣûϷĪԪǸ쾰ԣҲЩɣǺ⣬㾰Գѵԣܸıսֲɣ
ƬڣֻҪˮ䲻֣Ͳκκ
Ǿԡ
ôԪ䣬ʲôԵ䡣
ôˣ㻹̶ĴЦ
ľˣҲһЦ
ԣƺЩ
ȷʵЦɣ죬֪⡣
СӣˡһľҪԪ䡣һľ߼ߣԾԺ
Ŷ
죬˵ģģԷ·ǲŵĵ
û֮Ԫ㽫ΪʷҲԵֵȻ̬ȣŭ
ҿǲԪ䣬ģϢȻһȵ
ಣ
һ̣ʧϿյǰڲ֮⡣
ֻһǰĳ
һɫӰ͵ڿռ֣𵴶վߵ߼ֻһҽУȫ㻯Ϊ촷ۡ
߼ܽǣȻûκδȵķӦǾ񣬾ȻӦʱ䶼ûСȵʱߵĲ䳤ϣѾΪ촷ۣƮɢڿռ֮С
㡭۾󣬲ŵžԡ
ʲôʵ
оһǿҵĲԤСľһΣƺߵˣ
ȻҾͳȫǡ죬ȫŨɱ⣬纮һӿ
֣ɱһȵұͬʱӶһ¡
ˣ
ո֮ʱԵУϼֶɫ⣬һƬɫˮƣ浴
ɫˮƣٶȼ죬ֻգ֮䣬ڶ߽Ӵ


1077 Ҳ
ɫˮƲܾ˵Ľâɡ
ľߣ߶棬ʥĹâѤޱȡ
ǣɫˮƽӴȴĻᶼûСȺǰ˵ľߣʧΪޡ
ϿաֵԪߣһĻȫˡ
Ҳˡ󷽵ľڶߣһҲȫˡ
ô£
Щ˴ľʱ򣬲ɫâγɵˮƣûֹͣһȦȦˮƣӹȥ
ûˣܵסƬ̵ʱ䡣м񣬻ǡǵĸ߼ûһˣڲɫˮư¼գ۵ʱ䡣
֮Уֻһööָֽ͸ʥ䡣
ˣֱð
ͣͣĺ
ľľһȫˡ̶̵ʱڣľľԱȴʮ֮߰ˡ
ĺ˫ü
죬ղ㣬ЩԪʲôôشģԵȻʱͣ֡
˼ԪģԼ
ҴˣҴˣԴˣ벻Ҫɱˡʱûȥֹԡ
ܸоԼ뾰֮ľ޴ࡣ
ˣеڶΡҡҡͷ
ֱ΢΢չϼɨһΣһɫĽӰϮɱȥ
ûзŹԼ˼Ҳһҧ͵ĺˣͬʱֵɫӰ
ܣٵˣжԻŵľǳԱ󺰡
֮󣬲ɫӰ㽫ĵֵһ˲䣬Ӱɨ塣ٿ䡣
ˣľȺֺƺƵǰҪԪˣѾòˡ·Ӵܵ©֮㣬ҲûȤȥ׷ɱ
ϿաֵԪˣھѹ󣬴Ӳ½߳
һսĽȫ˵Ԥϡˣھǰͬ߹ûеֵ֮ӾԳ֣ľڽȫֻǼʱѡ
̫ˣ
̫ˣ
ʵжǿ
˿ԵǾη֪ԼǿȴҲû뵽ǿ̶ֳȡֱս
ľˣôͻȻԪ䣿תϿյˣʵ
ľʵ㲻ɱȺˮȴǲ˼ࡣˮ䣬òĳɿ棬ľѵӽˮ˾ҪԪ䣿
ԵѯʣϿպֶһۡ
죬ǵĴͿˮˡ
ԪԱūڣ߰ˡ˵
ʲôɫһͬʱҲľΪλԪˡ
û뵽ˮ䣬Ȼˮ䣬ʲôˮ䣬ôӣ
ˮ䣬񹬿϶һЩϵѵǴ̽Լ񹬵ݵλ֪Լ񹬵ݣұԪĿȻ̫
ˮˣ۾
ţѾкüʱˡͿߵʱ򣬾㵱ʱڱչأǲҴŽϢ㡣ֵ˵ͷ˵
ǺǣФôģЦЦ
죬ǸôϿտ˿ʵ
ôѪծѪˮɱԪ伸ٸԱһǸصĴۣԻ˵
ȻǺܴ󣬿ڳˣܿеŭɱ⡣
ʱľԣȷʵΪŭ
ȻԪ䲻һֽģϾԪ졣ԪԱԵ
ôɱԣô޶ԣ
οһֵʮϰ񾧵Ŀ

ˮ֮ڣ
ˣľŴȥԪˡʦңոյõϢФ
ţФüͷһ壬쵰ʲô
϶Ԫ䣬ŪˮϾԪյСͿҲһЩЦЦǺˮԪͿ϶Ԫ䣬ˮҲʡ
ĶФһ䣬ǸԣԪ䣿
Ͳ֪ˣԪ䣬Ҳǻ񹬡죬ʵܾڲԪ䣬ǶûҪֹ㾰УֲǺˮУ׷ȫԽƳȥǡ
ҵĻФüͷչʦҵĻȷʵеԾˣֻҪںˮУǾǺˮûϵ
ʦǣǾͲˡǸԣ汻ɱǵҲǺ¡ФЦ


1078 Ϣ
Ԫ䣬ᣡ
ˣǲӦ˴Ѷˮ䣿СĵĿ˾һۡ
ѶФ϶ΪʲôתĿ
Фǿߣ³˺ᡭ̽˵
δ˵꣬ͱִ̧ϡ
˺ĪǻΪˮԪû˺ЦһԣǰͿȽ˵
ϣʲôԽһ䡣
ˮ¿λϿأһǺ£һ˾ǧˣǺˮԪϣΪߣﵽ۷塣Ͽһ˵
յϢɣԱ𣿡Եͷ
ţѾ׼׵Ӧ
һ֡
Ҫؿһ˾ȫ֮󣬻ҪɣԾԲϿաּ֡
һ¶أ㵱ɡ
ʱ󣬴ͿһʣԾΪףԪڶԱƽ
Եķ֮С
º˾ǧλˮĳϣӵұ֡ǻеŮӣޣΪ
˸ؿǷʲˮǳ񡣿ɳ񾧣ǵݼ˽һЩҲû˸ҹʡ
λˣλˣ
ٵĽŲ洫һӰ뷿䡣
ˣĿⶼһ䡣
λˣԪˣˣ뷿ˮԱͷ˵
Ԫ䣿
ߣʲôһԪ䣬㳲Ҳǵָ⣬ƨ²ͷǳ⣬ӹȥ
ǡǣ˲˲壬˳ȥ
Ԫˣº˾ǧˣûϡԪҶ֣˳˾ǣҲѹ
ˮ䣡
ˣʦҸողŴФıԺ뿪ȥ
һΣҵϣȴһЩˡ
ʦôˣФҷأЦʵ
ˣѾȥԪľ侫񣬽ȫû˵
ŵõϢҲǲ̫šϢܿ;ȷϣǧȷľѾ
ʲôФһ㶡
ϢϲľˮȻȣôҲǾεߣȥԪ䣬ôͻȻˣ
йŹ֣йŹ֡
ϢѾȷȷʵնɱǸԣʵǿһߵˡҿ˵
ФЩ
컨ʮλ츳죬ΪҲǷǳˡľľмˣɻߵȴ޼Ҳ˵ֻнӽһʵնɱôˡԪڣûܰﾰľɱӺжϳԵսԽ
㲻һȣҲ̫
컨λãҪǿ档һ츳һʵ츳ǹߣǼΪʱһЩҲǰС
ھɱ˾ôľľߡɴ˿ɼԵսҲ뺷
죬⾰ѾˣһܿȥǲФû˵ֽ˵һ䡣
촫Ѷ¡˾ǧˣСġФҲ˵
У֣ȥФֲһ䡣
ǣҵͷ󣬿תȥ

˾ǧϣߣȥԪˣҪʲô½ƿ˾ǧ˵
ǺǣɱһˣϣԪ˹ࡣҪ̫٣ɱҲûʲô˼˶ˣɱʹ졣˾ǧһЦɱڵ˵
ţ
ʦѶˣ˾ǧͺˣͬʱӵҵĴѶ
ʲô
ľˣٸ񣬽ȫûˣԾĶһۡ
ͬʱһ˷䡣ıȫʧȡ֮ءºǧҲûӣȻףʦҴһѶϢʲô塣
˳˷ԪԱѾ˿ԶĵطһϮɫ۵ľԣվȺǰ棬˫֣Įɨ
ˣˣǺˮĺº˾ǧλϡֿ˳˳̶ԾԽ˵
ţ
ȷʵ񡣡ɨжϳº˾ǧΪ
Ԫ쾰ԣ
ߣ˵ˮʲôѵǻĲͷˣ췴𣿡¶žԣʵ
ܴ󣬵º˾ǧˣвҴ⡣


1079 ؿ
ϣǧ֮࣬󲿷ֶūݡ
ЩūҲоһеţӴģʱ̧ͷԵԪˡݵ΢ûȷ£ǲͣڿĶЩˮͨԱе˳֣ٻصλ̫ϳϵ
ЦĿֱź¡˾ǧȺˮĳԱ
ˣȻҪԪĿ֮ǰԪģԺҲԪġȻڶؿͬʱҲҪǵԵ
µɫһ

ԣҲ̫һЩƾԪ䣬ҲҺˮΪУ´Ц
֪ľһȺ侫ھСҲԵʵǿ˾ǧˣǾ۷ǿߡ
ֻҪԲǿߣ˾ǧ˾Ͳ̫ܡҲǱҲѶ֧Ԯܿͻִ

ʱˣҲ·ˡԵӰһ˸ٱƽº˾ǧˡ
ͬʱϼУһɫɨâ£ҫʡ
º˾ǧ˼Զ֣Ҳһҧͬʱǰ
ǿԼʵǿҲԲڶʱɱǡ֣ܷɱҲδ֪
Ǻܿ죬е뷨ͱˡ
ǲɫĿֲǵ̺ܣ޷ֵ
ĿţԼķڲɫ֮ɢ
Ϣ˲ˡ
˷Ĵ߶˫Ŀ죬ɼǽ߾ܣҲסɫӭ
㡭㵽ʲôΪ´ž
ˮ䣬ФǲŹǵġ˾ǧоһɿµѾ˺ϵķ֣žԷ˻
ǲģ
ٲģҲ޷ıˡ˵ڿռڻصɫĽѽǵո
ڻɱº˾ǧ֮󣬾ûͣ˵󣬻дˮĳԱ
֮ǰˮɱԪˣھԵȻԺˮ顣
һ⣬ǵء
ЩˮĳԱѾƵӴܡǣھԽͨѹ֮£ǵĶֱţ
̶ʮʱȥˮϵĳԱ˴ЩūԵûж֡
Щū˵ҲǷǳûκɣҲںˮС
ǣɢ˰ɣԿſū˵
лл˲ɱ֮ūȻûɣҲɵ
ǿԴݿĽЩˮԱɱʵǳǿߡߣҪɱǣҲ練ƣȴɢȥ
ǲͣ׷Ӵܶȥת֮䣬ռ
ɨһս̲ɿ󡣡תϿպ˵
ǣ˶ЩľӦ
ÿһǰ֣ǶԾԵսһΡ
Ǻº˾ǧˣǾ۷ǿߣھǰҲ޵ֵ֮
ǰɱ˵ʱǾ;þԵսӽһ񡣶ʱ˿̣ѾȷԵսҪͨһ֮ϡΪǴ󲿷һҲ赭дɱµˡ
˰֮£Ŀɹܿ㿪ʼ
ԣҲû뿪ȡĲϡ
һΣԴ㣬ڿܣøִ
ԪʵȷʵСôʱ˵ֻİȫ
ˮ֮ڡ
Ф뿪˾סıԺҲòˣֻФţǰ֧Ԯµˡ
ʦңȴִҴФ
죬²Фǰһ仰Ǵ²
Фͷһݡ
ˣ񾧿ѾԶأ³ϡ˾ǧϣսҵͷ˵һ䡣
Ҳǻ㱵úܣ㲻ô£һж̫ˡ
ҵĻФһᶼûκηӦ·ʯһ㡣
ˣǲԪϡʵںˮҲǶġŶʱ䣬ǾȻѾսͿҲԪء
ФʶѾƿء
Ǹԣʲôʵ
һҲ˶̵ʱڣͽذɣ
죬ڡҵ˰죬ûФ˵̧ͷФڵɫ
ʦ˵ӦôФŲҡ
ֻ¡ֻµλԳˡ̽Ե˵
ĿǰǸԵսδФ֮¡Ҳ˵ФҲѶԸԡ


1080 
Фײҵ˼
аŪԣڿ϶ԥ˳ǣûаա
ԣðա
񾧿ȻãûˣٶԴʲôã
ûп̫ã˾Ѷʲô㣬֪¡ΪͿФУ鷳ʹˡ
ͨѶʯ龭һ顣
˺һᣬŴһѶϢֻ֡
֣ФֻνܡЩ̡
񹬵˾ׯ԰
磬ǸФˣŪưɣôҲһ񾳽磬һССľԣŮ
ФûǸƭҵĵӡɫѿȷʵܲѰФ˵Щ۷ߣȫԶ֡
磬ѵôˣФ˵ֵߣʮ𣿡Ů˵
ߣȻܱ˾ǸЦЦʮ񾧣һСĿˣֵҲ֡Գ棬ȴҲʡ
ԸǾԣҪ棬ʲôݣǾʲôݣһĹˡֻҪѵΥŮӽЦ˵
ţշʹȥ԰ɡô˵֪ɣҲЦһѽŮշ§˹Ц˵
ģ֪ôշͷ
ʮ֮
Фңշںˮ֮⣬ĺȵͶ֮䣬ǿѹ
շҲһһεǿߡǰޱȣǵ棬ȴһ
ˮФܿ˲䣬շɫʱһʶշշǿߵϢȴܵˡ
ǣФʵ
շӦ˵һշǴһ˿
ФȻҲһ񣬿շУȻûʲôֵԼصġ
շԼ֣ФæСĵȷʵѾշˮ֪շߵˡ
շˡФĵ
ߣФĺˮ䣬ҲĴڡǣȴһԶ磬ʧշɨФһۡ
շ죬ǾȷʵѶԸսһ֮¡Фæ˵
ЩڡˣϻڣȥǸԣҵҪжѶԸշ˻ϸֱۡ
ǣФæӦ
ͿԾڲ󷨡Ҫóһܹһ񹥻󣬲ǶʱɵġȻҲ뾰Բƫйءӵ֮󣬾һֱûʱ;ȥоǬ
еľԣоԶգݡ̧ͷĿۣңңȥ
֮Ӱٽӽ
ߣӡ
Ӱһӭȥ
λ£Կˣʵ
ˣȻǴӺˮФշ
ǾԣФ˿ԣһμԡ
ǰȻȥˮ䣬ʱûг棬ֻþʦҽӴԡ
ФѯʾԵʱշһ˫ҲھԵϡ˫Ŀ֮Уһ⻪
˾ǾԣԲ٣ǿ㡣շת
ڵʱ򣬾Ͷ˵ԣһֱûлֻǴԾᲢò㡣һЩĶ
ûǾԡλˣҵģԻ˵
³ˣӦǺˮФֻǣŮӣ˭
ˮ䣬Ӧֻһ񡣿ǣŮӣȻҲһߣϵФ֮¡
ǺˮФλշˣүġФЩѹ֣뾰ԣǵˡˮϣھС
һԣֻģɲԽ޴ҡ
үüЩơ
ү˾˾ĹӣԣүФͳ
һ
˿Фֿ˿ŮշнȻѹ֮ǰФͻȻǱ
˾˾֮ӣݣһɽ˸еѹ֡
ԣл˵ʱշȴͻȻԾĵЦЦ͵˵
Ф˺뾰˵ĻշתĿֶФӻ֡
ǣǣФкɣҲΥշ˼Ӧͬʱٺ˵Զĵط


1081 Ļ
ԿŶŮӣûм˵ԷФ֧ȻлҪԼ˵
շФԶȥշڣûʹԴ
γү˼үҺΡշ˵ү˾˾Ķӣ񹬣Ҳû˸ǡԣȻ츳Ǳڵ㣬ʵʵĸΣҲ޷ү⡣
ԣƯ𣿡շͻȻһת
仰Ҳ΢΢һ㶡Ż˵ǸôͻȻ֮䣬ͱƯ
շŮӣ˼άҲ̫˰ɣ
շһڴɫ֮дŵЦžԡ
㾿˵ʲôüʵ
ȸңƯ𣿡շƺܼ֡
ţԳһ£ǵͷ
շȷʵƯ
磬񹬣ԼŮ߿ɲ٣շεģӡƺûСڻŪշʲô⣬ԾҲʵʵ˵˵ʵշɫѷɫڰѩ
ԳƯշĿ¶һĨ˷ܵɫ
ԣȻҺƯ˫ޣӦòܾɣֻҪͬ⣬ôδͺ˵ˡҸղҲ˵үҺΣ½Ҵҵ˼𣿡շ·͸˵ꡣ
֪УԵ꣬ҲԺ·ǣշŮӣȫ¶һħ֮жӺøС
ͻȻԵ΢΢һ
ƣԿһȣֱ
Եǻָѣҡҡͷ
ţշһֱžԵ۾Եָ峺Ŀ֮Уһ˿ɻ
շһĹҽŹĲΡ
ֻҪʩչŹһ񣬶ѳţڶԻоѾԾʩչŹȴ벻ڼ̵ʱھͻָѣĿơ
ôܣշת
һ񣬶޷ĿơһЩм񣬶пС⾰ԣ񶼲ǣȴĿơ
շС㣬أȵ
ԣѵ㲻˫㲻ҲãҺƯ𣿶ң˫ޣҲкôŶշƺûΪĹǶԾȤˡ
ҶŮˣû˿Ȥ£͸Ͻ˵û£Ͽ뿪ޱ˵
㡭շı飬㲻Ҫڡ
ԣҪүǵģѵͲԺ޷㣿շв˵
ǺǣǸҵĶǾˡշ˼
ৣշͻȻֱչһ̽С
ҵҪжշ˵仰ͬʱѶԾչ
ߣϼھС
һͺȡ
ʥ⽣۵ĽâȻײշĶ֮̽ϡ
ž̽⣬顣
ʱФٴδԶ˳˹ս
շˣФշ뾰Խ֣¶ϲɫæһ
Ф˲ʶôɱշ
뾰ԵĵһνУշоԲöԸһȻûоȫɾֻһͽĹơշãԼȫԸҪɱԿҲһ׵顣
շĻФһ
շˣ㡣Ф˵䣬ĳԡ
ФҲ֪Կһսɲһˣշ֣֣ѵɱ˾ԣ
ФԾһֱģ֮ʱûҾ鷳һǣûаһ˾ɱԡڶԭǣɱԺ񹬻᲻
ڣշĴҲôɱԣȻκθҪ׷Ҳ
ԣʱФһһΣҪøľ֮ءڳԵͬʱһɫ˳ɨ
Ծչ˹շȴͻȻٵԶս
Фо̫Ծ۽һɨ۾һ
շˣ㡭ФշںˣһʱŪշҪʲô
Фɱԣһȥһ򻪸Ϊշ˵
ФһʶԼƺϵˡշҪԼɱԣФһ뾰Ի𲢡
ꡭˣФȴ
Ѿ뾰Խ֣ˣҲˡФ񣬽еԵϡ


1082 ׷Ī
շ˳սδʹ뿪ԶԶĹս
ʱФѾɱһ
ФߣսȷʵǿФһսǾ񣬵һεǿ߶ս
ѾǾ۷徳ľԣ΢񣬿սЩͼضã
䣡
ӰײռһɨܿռڵһС
ڵ͵磬ôս͵ռݿ϶Ųס˵͵綼˳ױ磬ռݷǳͺأǾԺФȲεĶսռҲ΢ЩСѺ۰ˡ
֣ʵȷʵǿ󣡡Фأ֮ڵȫת
ߵϸ̤񾳽󣬱㻯Ϊһֺĵ
Ф̾ʵʱ򣬾ԵһѾϮɱ
ߣǿҲҵҪϸ໹ҵࡣФһҧҲˡ
ϸΪӴĵ̲صࡣңϸΪȹ̡ФʱΪǿȵļսм̫ʱ䡣
ͨʩչͨ
䣡
һФɡ
ʲôФڳԾ֮УӰڿбˡ
оʩչͨߣͨФԤϡǣʩչͨܣȴǳ
ФȻ߾ȫֵԼյͨҲʩչȻû浲סɫ⣬ܿƵıɳȥĵҵĲҡ
һҲˡĿФ˵
ߣСӣ㲻Ҫ⡣ɱңûôסФòס壬ԵĻ̲ס˵
ǾԿˣ֡
һٴͷŶ
շˣҡСʵ̫ǿҿҪסˡ֣ضɱФҲɵӣһ㣬սȥԿĿ϶Լ
ùսշԼ֣Ȼξͻ᲻һǿѵͬʱԸǿߣ
ФĻᣬԼհɡɱ˾ԣǴͣҲġշҡҡͷȻûмվȦ˼
ʵϣФշһ㶼ںФ㱻ɱˣʲôϵ
ԣȷʵǳ£սҲĶ֡ҵĹֶЧշɱеˣҲת̾ͷ
ϧԸ˫ޡʱշЩġ
ԽǵòʱԽõֱӾܾŭͬʱָҪõԵġ
ФշĻ̲סݺݵһѾЩðȻ뾰ɱˣͲӦ뿪ˮ䡣

䣡
ɫâ֮£Фϱɡ
ɱĽУФȷԼǾԵĶ֡ôɱȥ³ھԵС
ôֻӣ
ಣ
һαɣФһת߶ٶޣҪ뿪뾰Լɱȥ
շҲ˲ˣҪˣﻹ˵շ
ֻҪܻŻصˮ䣬ȻͰȫˡԵսȻԼǿһЩԼܽ󷨵ܣǾԾͿ϶ɱԼпܷɱԡ
ˮ󷨣Ǻǿġ
ߣ
Ф죬ȻˣαؼأĪǣǺˣ¾ԪԱʱ򣬿û뵽ԼôһɣФתӴܣЦЦ׷ͬʱ˵
Ԫ䷢ֵģˮûʲôϵңȴФӣԵˮηԴأüûңһԸ⽻ˮĳɵ롣ФôҵģԼ˵
գ͸ɡȻ̧ߣɱȻ
Ф¾ԪԱһ𣬾ԾѾФɱġԣܷФӻصˮ䡣
Դ
ɫ⣬ٶڿռۡһΣ˱ԴϵڶͨһܣĿֲ
ӴеФҲں޲ѡ֪ôѶԸʵʵģͽĳɿˡ
ںڣѾˡ
Фоһɱٱƽæֺɨй״
֣ԣɱңҲôסֻҪһߣһߵֵĹֵˮ䣬ҾͰȫˡФд̡
ţ
ã
⹥ôͻȻ֮ǿˣФܿʶԾɫ䡣
ֵֵԵĹԭȻȫס⣬Լʩչ赲Ľ⣬Ѿ̫ǿپԼļͷŵĽ޷̫˺Ǵʱһɫ⣬ȴ֮ǰĽࡣ


1083 ɱ
ռڣФǰӴܣһɫ׷ȥФķٶȣν죬ٿٶվ첻ԵĽ⹥
ֻɫǻФֻĹӰײФķ֮ϡ
ԿֱһƬ貹⻪ֵĹҫ۵ֹ˸֮Уɫ̺Ҳټ
ʱ󣬽ʧФϷֹҲȥ
Ф壬Ȼڿиǰƶֻǣй켣ȴЩŹ֡ϸȥԷ֣Ф壬ƺӽԽԽԡ
ͷųסФ¶Цݡ
Ф壬ɢ
Ҳ˵ԼղںļԴһȻûܳ׻Фķɳɹɱ˷֮µФ
߶ԹȻкǿıáɷҲܵġڳܾ޴ʱ򣬷γɵּûбƣڲߣҲһ
Ф޷ס𵴵ֱӱ
Ҳ֣񣬾Ҳûнĳ̶ȡߵս׿ɾǷǳġ
ڣФ壬ݺݵײ·ϡӴĹԣФ壬ڵϻгϰ֮Զ
ϢģФʬԱߡ
һɫ꣬Фʬ뵳Ф塣壬鼫ȵľţ˿ңĿھԵϡ
ФûԤϵġշҾԣϣѹסԣ뵽ԼȻҲû뵽Եʵǿ̶ֳȣǿԶԶǾԶ֣ӻغˮ䶼
ԡФſ˵ģԷŹԼ塣
ԣδФ˵ֱͷųһФɱɾĲҽ֮УФһ꣬Ҳɢ
ԶһֱսշĿФɱ̣˼Ҳٶȥչȫٷ롣󿴵ľ󣬱ǾɱФ塣
ĺ
ԣԲĴ֮Ф嶼Źշ˼ңųǷжȥ
ԿշԶȥҲûȥ׷ФϵĸԴ󣬱㷵ؿ
ФѾˮ䣬ΪǡȿɣͿȥˮ䣬Ϊƽءûĺˮ䣬д󷨷ҲŽ䳹׻ơ

ˮ䣡
ʦңڶ೤ټá
ڣܵĳϣ
ʦأһνǹҪ£гϳѯʸոսõľʦҡ
һΣλġɫأתĿˡ
ţ
ѵǾʦǹģ
ʦټǣҪ˵ǶԲңǱȽصġ
һҪ˵λϣȰҼӴҪ˵ģ¹ش볤׼
ʦ˵ɣ
ǺǣЩʲôû

ٳϣ¶Цݡ
šҵͷȻһ˵ˣѾˡ
˿˵ôһ仰
ʲô
ʦ仰ʲô˼ʲô˿Ѿˣˣȥˣһλϵɴ۾žʦҡ
ˣѾˡԴǰ죬λ񹬹ĴȥҾԺ󣬾ûٻ죬ҲϳԸְ취ϵ죬ȴһѶûСȥ̽ϢȷǸԣڿϻúúõġ
ʱ򣬺ˮڳϣһӶĬˡ
֪һλշĴ죬Ҫȥԡǣô뵽һȥҲزˡ
һЩ˼άԾĳϣѾʼ˼ǣȥˣЩֺȥδӣˮ䣬ֵȥδӣ
ûǿĺˮ䣬Ժܳư
˵ǸԿ϶׷Źˮ䣬ССһ֪ǺˮФ䣬ضѪȺǳ˺ҧһڡ
ˮ䣬ô죿
ˣǿߣô׾ȥʦǲӦɳˣȷϢ˺һᣬһλϿ˵
ֻûʱ䵢ˡյϢǾĿǰӦΪػ󷨡һ󷨲ϣһҪģǺˮ䡣ҿЦҡͷ


1084 
ʵϣҼȷФѾˡ
ФĹϵ̶ܳȣһ˵ϸ˵ңʵФū˫ԼġФ걻ɱһ̣ҾǿҸӦˡ
Ȼ־ĸ̽飬ȷФѾ
ȻФѾˣФ֮ԼȻҲʧˡҲ˵ҰФĿơҶФҳϣ֮Ѿɢ
һФˮ䳤ټҪһĿģҪͶϣͶϡ
ԼȻɱФʵȻФ֮ϡʧȥĺˮ䣬޷赲ԵĹ˵ʱͶϵûᡣһɱǸʱͶЧңЧɾʹۿˡ
Ǻˮ䣬赲ԵĿˡһòȽľϣתת˵
仰û˷ԡ񾳽磬˭̲ɵӣ
£ԲᵽФͽˮ䣬ǾһҪĿꡣ
ʦ˼أȽĳϣҡ
΢΢һЩ
ҿǻ׼Ǿɱˮ䣬ʱ߾ˡԣҪʹ뿪ˮģھʰһ¶뿪˵
ڳϣֶ˵ˡ
뿪ˮ䣿
ȷʵһѡ񣬿˭ľô뿪ˮ䣬ųǿҰİյԴʵ١ô뿪ˣǵʧ̫ˣЩֱյĿԼϰٸˮϽɰ˳ɿĲ䣬޷ߡ
֮⣬ƺһ취СһĬ᳤֮ٴοڣҿԴδ뽫ǸϾɱǾˣ뾰Դ˵ĳԹ
ϣԾԵĳƺѾĿڣʼƴˡ
仰˵˵λϵ˼
ɾպˮ䣬ҲɱЩϵĻǶǶԣδһ¡ڶǰФģʱȻͱˡ
ģܵԣ
вǰȻܱĵˣǷëǵġ
Լǣ
ǰģֻ·һ·ǣӳˮ䡣ڶ·ԴͶϡҶλķϵ˵ͷתĿˣԴ˲񹬵Ĺľ˾ԱΪҲǷǳֲһФɱͿóԣþԴˮ䣬˵洦ġ
Ǻǣʦ㿴һô죿ЦЦŲʵ
򵥣ӦȥȡþԴ˵½⣬ԴԺˮ䡣Ц
ԣ
ǲԴУȡ
ԽӦԴ½ǵļʾԽ󡣡
ǻʲôͳɣǷ׷׿ڣһЩӵĳϣλվ
һ£λϣȻһ
ţ˿򷽳ϡ
ϣ㻹в䣿΢΢üŷϡ
ûȷʵһЩطҪ䡣ϵͷλѣλҲӦԴ˶ԺˮŭҪԭɣ
ҼǵþԴˮ䣬һξԴ˵⣬ǺˮͿķ䡣ɴ˿ɼԴ˵ʱԺˮûʲô⡣ϻ˵
Զͷ⻰١ʱФûг棬ǾʦҳӴľԴˡ
أǺˮ䣬ͿɱԪĳԱˣԴ˲ŭǽأȻɱФλǻ𣿾ԴˣǲĴûʲôԹޣֻǶٲԪ¾Ļ˶гޡФµˡ
˵ǣǽЩԪ¾ȫסԴ˴ĻôԴԭǵļʣ᲻أϲ˵
ʱ򣬲ҵɫ׺
ȥԪˣͰڡ
ڵⷬ뽫
䣡ϣ˲˶
Ŀ꣬ȻǾʦҡ
ֻһȻǷ֡ضûУգ֮Ҿͱס
ڣڶݵļž͵ĶȥԪĳϣͬʱ⵽ϵĹⳡսܿٲֳϣԱס
ⳡڲսӵˮ䡣
̶̵İʱڣȥԪĺˮԱ϶׽ס
߰ɣ
ЩˣȥԪԴˣһֵ


1085 Լ
ˮ䷽õ˵ʱԻΪЩΪ챻ɱҪս
ǣɨȺ˺󣬾ԱɻҲʱΪ׵ĺˮ䳤Ϸã乧ĵԼ⡣
귽õĻҲЩ
ȷʵû뵽ԼδǰˮǶ֣Щˮĸ߲ԱԼͶˡ
⣬Լ˵ƺҲǺ¡
ȥˮ䣬̽󷨣вܼǿĴ󡣼û򣬿ֻҪȫתԾԵΪҪƣȻٲҪ˷Ѵʱ䡣
һȺˣȻģʡ˾ֽš
õˣ¶ԥ֮ɫͷһϲǿ⶯
֮ǰЩ˵ǺġΪȫûаվԻӦǵͶϡԾܾô϶ɱûв󷨸ȺȻвپҲԲɱģֲ̫ʱ䡣
ڼ⶯ǵȻϲá
ˣЩδãָָҵȱѺ͹ߣСѯʡ
ȻˣǾͶɱ˰ɣޱ鿴˿ҵˡ
ղŷѾ˵Щ˶ǲǰɱ¾ԪԱߡЩˣԴʼվûŹ
˵ƬҰϣֳһ棬ǽضͻһȺǡҪ㣬ͱף㲻Ǻǵġ㣬ͻ
ԴˣԴˣһ·ҿΪЧɫҰףġ
ЦЦûлӦ
ʲô֣Щȫüûҵ˼֪̾˾Ե˼ԺһͶϵ˵
һӦȣϳֺɱһɹʱ󣬲ҵϰߣȫնɱɾ
ӽ쿪ʼˮͲˣĿɨõˣԺǾԪĳԱ
֮Խܷõ˵ͶϣһҪԭԪʵ̫ˡ
ϢѾڿҰϴԼǵ㹻ȺǣԼһֱ
ϿաǣҪסԼֲõĴҲ޷֤ӡ֮ԪԼ֮⣬нֻʵȷʵЩסշȺˣԪʵɾз츲صı仯
ҵԸΪЧһȺˣ
԰ڰ֣ת˵ã֮ǰԭˮĳϣڼԪ䣬͵θְ񡣡
һ̧Ŀԡ
Լˡ
ԣԪĸ죿ǷãԤϵĴ¡
㲻Ը⣿ü
Ը⣡æʾԸ⡣
޴ľϲθ֮䣬õɫǺˡͬʱҲ϶ԼͶϣǷǳǵѡ
ͶϾԣסΪ˲ĸ죬ɱǰںˮλҪ߳һЩںˮ䣬Ȼǰĳϣ棬Фоʦңмλ൱ĳϡ
õķӦԱȽ⡣ãԲƽ޹ʵΡֹǷãǰһȺԭˮĳԱԶΡ
Լص񹬣˭ܱ֤õ˻£һǷˮڿ¾һŴߣȥǱ
ԣȡһöԼʯҪõǩԼ
ֻҪԼڣǼ㷽õӵ򣬾һͷҲ֮ء
Լʯֶ粢Щū׹Լ
óԼʯõ˲׾Ե⡣ɫ΢仯ȴҲû̫ķӦ֮ǰԤϹԿܻʹǩԼ׼ԼЩܣҲǲܽܡ
ҽԼԸ𣿡Լʯѯʷõˡ
ôͷͷ
ȻԼͷϴ˽䣬Ҳȫǻ¡ԼԱǡֻҪǲѣӦҲҪȥ˵Ūǣھȫֱӳ֣ѹҪһ١
ԲûҪԭڷ粿ԱǩԼֻҪЩԼԼЩסɫɫԱͷ
Լӣʱ½õˣҲɳһĳ̶ֳ˵ڵǲİȫǶھ˵ôҲǲ죬Ե޹Ҫǵ


1086 ɱӺ
ˮɢԪȻ
ձ˷õ֮󣬾Լڿô˷õ˸Բ󷨵ٶȻӿ졣õȻʦΪǿֻҪȥôǶܿӦ
ԭˮ֮УҲмһʦЩˣҲ԰˲æ
ֹ˼죬һɣ򵥵ĲԺʽת
󷨣ȻֻоͬʱתԵֵͼȫֻҪжʮ߼֮ڲٿشҲֵܵͼĹơ
󷨲õβʱշҲص񹬵ǰշ淢飬ͼӴ׵Ķһ顣
ɫû˵
ԣǿ˳̶ȣФɱ𣿡˺һᣬŵͳ˵
磬Ǿȷʵǿƺδﵽ񾳽磬սȴһҪǿշͷ˵
ģҵҲ𣿡շ
磬ҪǸӣͲᵱҵɱФˡҿԣǰ뿪ܾҲˡСԣ˼в졭շҭ滨꣬Ҽ
磬ҪΪշС
ߣ۸ҵˣҪҧ۶ˣݺ˵񹬣ٻҵҪСֳ˼Դ
ڣɱ⡣
֮ǰշȥҾ̸ʱδɱġڣɱġ¾ԱעҲҪԵ
һФںںģԼӣ档ľԣȻҶŮ˶˼ˡ

ˣ
¼ˣ
ԪıҲԭˮ䱾ںˮѾˣݵ㣬ȻҲԪС
áϿպλ죬вĲֳϣʱھǰ
λض񣡡԰֡
죬ǹһ¡
ӦԪΪǿ󡣲ƬڣСС緱һ㡣֪Щ֮УûжԪ䲻ġǣǲǶ˵ţĿȴŷá
øоԵĿһֱԼͷתҪĦԵ˼
ûԪ䲻
ʱ˵ûУ
ƬڣССȷʵࡣЩֲԲУʱԪüͷʱ˭ҵﾰ죿
ˮ֮ǰǿ󣿿ɽأϦ֮䣬ɢΪʷ
ôʳⷬʲô˼أң۾һֱõϣ
ôѵЩԪ侴ηмѵûһ̫𣿡ֽ˵һ䡣
Ͽա֣Ҳһɻ
ʱ򣬷ȴһƺˡ
̧̧üῴ˾һۣСĵ˵ȷʵһ䣬ֽ̫кħ
ǺǣȻвġ΢Ц˵ͷ
Եı飬þһ֪Լ¶ˡ
ħ䣬ʲôʵ
ħ䣬ʵ㲻ڣ򡣲죬һã֮ǰФŮˡħϵ衣䣬ҪϽɰ˳ɿԪ䣬ħ䣬ȴֻϽɿ롭
ô˼·ϲ˺һᡣħʵúħУͷͷǵ
ŷõⷬĿ˷һۡãȷʵǺܴˡ
ţ˶ӵĲ䣬Ǿ͵ƽ˰ɣ赭дһ
֮ʵܼ򵥣ɱӺԪոսֺڷ粿䣬ƬŵֶΡ
ø죬ټʮ䳤ϣյʱ׼ʱԴӣǰǺħ䡣ԶԷ÷Ըһ䡣
ǣæӦ
ʱ󣬾ԡõԪԱִħ֮⡣
ûκ̸УֱӶֹħʵȻ㲻ػҲǿھԵ˹֮£Ĵһʱ䶼ûͱ׻ơ
Ȼһһ浹ɱ¾
ȻԲɱˡƺħ䣬Ŀǵɱ¾ħԱֿߵģȥ׷ɱ¾ģֻЩ翹ĺħԱ
󷨱ƺ󣬺ħĵֿԵúƣʱս⻹ǾûԳֵ¡


1087 幬
źħ串Ԫպȫﴫ
ЩеĴҲϢƽϢȥ
Ҫ֪ħȻ㲻һҲСһϦ֮ͱΪƽء
˵ʲô
˵ԪԲǣǰǲˮ䣬ͬǲԪ䡣ȻǲǾʵʵԹϣħǵǰ֮ǰôˮ䣬ԺͻôԪǡ
ħ⣬Ƭڵ֪ԵĿģȻǴﵽˡ
ںħ串󣬾ٴټλ೤¡
ʱû⣬Ҳˡ磬ѾǾҲ׼幬ˡ
ټͳϣǴ㽻һ󣬾ͷ񹬡
ԪĹչҲʡȨλλ䳤С
Ҫ˵ģλҪϸԵĿ⣬ɨ
ڳˣ䡣
ԺԪĸ룬еɣҪҵ˽˱⡣һ᲻ڹԴߡ
ɣһɹϿո֧䣬һɹָ֧䣬һɹ鷽ø֧䣬еɡɣڹūļ³ԱһأԪԺļ³ԱҪһǸ߼ҲΪ񡣡
ҵĻ𣿡ƽ
꾰ԵĻ˼ȻͬϿյõĺôϿҲףչһȺ硣һԴϿվͿԷſֽţǰϵӣҲ׵öࡣ
˶ԾԵⷬûκ顣
ˣλæˣɢ˰ɡˣǷλ޷õλԿɸҴѶֲ˵
ǣӦ½ȥ
֮󣬾뿪Ԫ䣬ųǷȥ
񹬵Ĺľ˾ׯ԰
̷˾幬ĽˡԸոջصľ˾ׯ԰˾̷
ţ̷žԡ
ֵܣ幬ˣҪﵽ񾳽Ϊ̷ЦЦԾ˵
ԸոսĹʱ򣬻񾳽硣ԳΪĹԱҲʮѡʮʱ䣬ѵѾ̤ˣ
̷Ǿòܡ
˾ѾǾ񣬷幬˵ˡЦЦ˵
һΣ̷ŴͣǳԾɫ
񣿾ֵܣɲҪЦ̷е𶯣ֻԼ֪
̷Ȼ֪츳ڣԿҲڵĹͣϰ꼸ʱ䣬ܴﵽĸ߶ȡ
ҿЦ΢Ц
ͬʱԹת̷̽Լ硣
Ƭ̷̺һɫǺ졣
ֵܣҵϢĹ߽幬һοˣʱӦþڼ֮ȥ˲Ӧûܸϵϡ̷˵ͬʱӰѾٱ۶ľ˾ׯ԰ſ˲Ѹݷȥ
̷ߺ󣬾Ҳ뿪ľ˾ׯ԰Ĺ򱦵˲赤Ĳϡ
赤һָ߼񵤡赤Чãϻ쵤ƣЧȴϻ쵤ȫȵġ
ڴ֮ǰԴδƹ߼񵤡ڣԴˡ
ܽ赤ƳôһԾʹ㳢Ƶ浤ˡ浤ϣǵʯ顣
Ǭ̺ϢУе浤Ʒ
ڣ֪浤ʦԲࡣȻмٵĵʦ֪浤ƣҲȥơΪǵòʯȿ䱦
ʮ䱦ȷʵҲѰѰʦܻõġ
ھ˵һЩʯȥƵ浤кôġʯ鵱ȻǿֱӷõģƳ浤ôܽôࡣ
ңõ浤ȥۣҲֱӳ۵ʯҪöࡣ
ǬС磬
׼󣬾Խ赤ֲȡʼ赤
赤ȻǳĵҩǼֵǷǳߵģͼòڣһ赤ֵһ񾧡һ赤ĲϣҲǼֵʮһ֮ޡ
һ򱦵ڣԹ˶ʮ赤ϣѽǧһ񾧡
߶ļԴǬ¯ͬʱתǬղ裬һݷ뵽¯֮С
赤Ǹ߼񵤣Ҫмϻѵö࣬Ҳκδ⡣һݲϣǼʮһ񾧰Ȼƴ֣Ҳ˷ѡ


1088 ĳԱ
赤Ѷȣվǳ˾ԵԤϡ
һ¯ʧܣ
ڶ¯ҩʧܣ
¯赤ʧܡ
㾰ļԴӵǬķƸ߼赤Ҳⲻ˽ʧܡ
߼赤Ʋ˵Ƶ浤ˡ浤Ѷȣֻ赤߲赤͡

³һ󣬾ͣǰǬ¯ҡҡͷ
˷¯赤ϣҲ͵ʧһٶһ񾧡ԣЩңҿûֱӳƵ浤ǽʯҲ˷ˣ˷һ㣬ҲԽܡ
ҵۣǲܽ߼ʦĲΡôֻܼмˡ򱦵˶ʮ赤ϣ¯赤ʧܺ󣬾ʱ赤
Ҫڵϣȥۡ
ʱ䣬һζ
һգĹľ˾˾̷Ҿԣ߾Ҫ׼󣬱ǾԲμӵ幬˵ӡ
Ծ˵һϢ
Լμӽ幬£ҲڵĹ
ǸԣҪμӱν幬Ŀˣ
ûʶĹ˲ˣȷʵѾ幬ˣұɹ
ôܣҪμӵĹ幬ĿˣҪ񾳽ɣǸԣѵѾǾˣ
ȻѾˣȷʵ̤񾳽ˡ
װż񹬶ãôΪˣ
ûȰ
Ĺ֮ڣھԵۣʱз
Ҫ幬ôôףҲм͸żڽ
ǲףҪӵĹ幬趥ľǺǣ幬Ĺűʵ𡣡
ǰЩĹĳԱݽͨԱһ幬ǾǺĳԱĹǸɳԱˣ
ţҪΪ幬ԱĲסңĹ幬ĿУпΣյģ
ǰ漸Ľ֮УϲвΣաǿʧܣҲڿˣ˵ǶԼ
ǵĹ幬ڿ֮жģȴ
Ĺ幬ĿˣһʮһһΡƽÿο֮Уһļʣƺ󣬿Ҫһ㣬Ĺ߶֪ڽ幬Ŀ֮Σգûкܴͨ˵ߣһǲμӿ˵ġ
Ҳ˵μӽ˵ģǶԼʵкܴĵߡˣȻÿοˣһߵԿĹ幬ĿжôΣա
ԣһ·ߵ̫˳ˡ
ǰΪԼ˭ǺǣųΪĹʮʱ䣬μӽ幬Ŀˣǹ֪ģ
οˣضʧܡҵҪڿʧܺ󣬻ı飡
ĽԵ츳ĽԵٶȡͬҲ˼ۺ죬Щ뿴ڿʧߣҲ
֮
̷󣬴žĹ˲֮⡣
Ĺ幬Ŀˣǰ漸Ľͬǰ漸Ľڿ˲֮ڵĿ˴СĹ幬Ŀˣڿ˲֮һض㳡ϡ
ÿһν幬ĿˣдĹԱǰۿ
ĹĳԱһΪ幬ԱǾ͵Ծţһɳˡ幬ĳԱڣżߵĵλȨǺĳԱ
ȷ˵һĹĳԱڶԵ幬Աǵ幬ĳԱԵĹԱɱҲᱻ׷Ρ
ɴ˿ԿĹ幬ı
ֵܣ幬ĿˣѶȼڿ֮УǧҪСģһóŲסˣ̺ǡĽ幬У߲ķˣ̷ԾԶ
ƵĻ֮ǰľ˾ׯ԰뾰˵ڿ˼ʼ̲סֶ˵һ飬µľǾһнڿС
̷˾ıǣҲϷġǶסһ˵ȴ´λᡣԿЦһ˵
սˣܶడԿ㳡ܵȺ˵
Ȼ幬ڵĹ˵һּǿЩ˶Լû㹻ģǻ뿴μӽ˵ڿеı̷֡˵
̷뾰ԶԻʱһ˳֡һˣǵĹ˲²Լ幬˲²ĸ߲Ա
ǵĵűν幬ĿˣϾҪʼˡ


1089 ͷ
񹬵ṹԿǽ幬һˮ롣
񹬺ĳԱݣͬСɡ
֮ڣĳԱʵࡣҪΪĳԱȷʵҲǷǳѡֻЩӽսߣϣ幬úĳԱݡ
幬Ŀˣǰ漸ĽˣҲϸöࡣ˵Ḷ́ͬźܴ
αμӽ幬˵Ҳ࣬һ˶ⲻһˣж֮ʵǿЩͨľ񣬸Ͳұμӽˡ
վڹ㳡֮ϣĬĬתһЩ˼
ʱһ쳹㳡
ҽƣǵ幬˲
л˵ˣν幬ĿˣϱҪʼμӱο˵ĵĹԱ׼
λƲ˵ͬʱԿһӴĿܣߵ㳡֮ϡ
Ե񣬶ܡ
ֳͨɫԼôߡӴĿĵط˾ǣԴֱֱۡܵУֱһԲͬн޵ȵȡ
ܣǿͲ׶Ը
ֵܣ㿴ǿܣǾͷۿܡμӽ˵ߣٵĶ֣ͷۿܡ
һСģͷۿܣűһսңһǻۡڶսУֻ
̷ھߣԾ˵
̷ĻԵ˵ͷ
֣⣬һнˣƵٴδ
仰ºһӰȺп߳
ˣ֣⣬һڵĹĴľ
֣֮߳󣬴ӹսȺУЩΧ۵ˣʶ֣⡣
֣ߵͷۿܶ棬վ
֣⣬׼𣿡ƿ֣⣬˵Ҫ㣬зο˵ĻᡣһҪμӱοˣôڿ֮Уܻᱻͷۿɱ
ˣ׼ˣȷҪμӽˡ֣ûԥᶨ˵
ãôĿ˾Ϳʼɣ뽫ͷۿܻͨˡƵͷ˵
ಣͷۿܣȻ
ͬı趯֣˹ȥƾˡ
֣ҲȡԼͷۿɱ
ͷۿܣͣ
ǰǿűһսĿܣȻ
ţҲ֪֣ʦܻܲͷۿܡȺУ۷׷ס
ڳĴˣͷۿܵɱЩˣеڵĹʮꡢʮʮ꣬ͷۿܵʵҲ˽⡣
ܣٶȼ졣ֱۣͬʱ˶ԷķѶȡԿͷۿܵĶа
ܵǳǿᣬͨһ񣬶Ҫǿࡣңʹ÷֮ʵһһҪҲ÷ѲٵĹ򡣡ĬĬš
䣡
ͣ
֣ܵɱǳҡ
飡飡
սһʱ֣·磬ֻǿֵ
üҡҡͷ
֣⣬Ӧ÷ˡɱȥΣգŪҪڿСת
֣սȷʵҪǸնɱĵ˲ϳǿܶࡣ֣ͷۿܣȻԵġ
Ҳܾôսе֣⣬ҲܸоԼ̫á
ǸӦ÷ˡǾôЩġοǷһ幬ĿˣҪٵʱ䡣
׷οˡ
ۣ
ͷۿһֱеĳͻ֣ķ׺ݵĲ֣š
֣ŴٰͣϢɢ
ͷۿ𳤽֣壬ĵȥ
㳡Χ۵ˣһӰˣɴ۾Ŵͣ¶ŵɫ
֣⣬ˣ
οУһϳ֣⣬ôͷۿУ
˶ţ
ɵǿ֣帡ֺ󣬱Ҳֻܽʵ֣⣬ȷʵͷۿС
һεĽˣһϳߣ
֣ɸμӿ˵ߣһݳصѹж룬ԼͷۿܶսʱǲУһҪӡ
ںܶδعʱƲѾڶμӿ˵֡
ڶˣͬʧܣȽϼʱݡ
ǵĸһϳͷۿܶսȫʧճ


1090 Կ
һַУÿһɱʱ䶼
μӿ˵ߣһԼûʲôϣܣͻˡû취֮ǰ֣ӿɾǰɱⱲ·Ҳ͵ˡ
һпˣ
ƽгֵʱ򣬹㳡ȺԶһͣ
ꣿ
֣֮ǰҲжš
ڵĹ֮ڣͷ쵱ġ꣬ҲǵĹˮ˾ĳԱ
˵츳ߣвꡣˣǽ컨ǰʮǿˡ
ԿߵܶӰ۾Ҳ΢һ¡꣬ͷߣòΪźᡣУһˮɫӦ
ˣ׼ˣԿʼˡ̧ͷƵˣ˵
ţǾͿʼɣƵ˵ͷ
ͷۿܣͬʱ
еĳ·ΪһƬɫ󡣵ɫⲨѤǳƯɫ֮£ͷۿܵĶࡣ
ˮͨ
յͨˮͨһּΪǿͨͨ뽣ͨ൱һͨܣҲĵڶˮͨ
ĹÿһϣҲž·ǰͷۿܣûи˿ѹ
ͷۿܱѹƣŭ
ʼ޷ɫĻ
һ
ʩչ߽ʱͷۿܣȻȥ㳡͵һ¡
ͬʱһƬڶΧ߿д
ˣ񶼱óȣĿо
ǿ
ֳǿʵҪĤݵĳ嶯
Ƶˣ¶͵Ŀ⡣
һƬ֮̾УȴƵᣬˮɫϵĳۣڷаڵ
ͨˣ幬ɹ΢ЦĿ˽
лˣ깰˹֣˵
ߵһߡ
ʦ־
ȻڵĹ֮ڣʦֱ֮µһˡ˵һЩһ񣬶ǾʦֵĶ֡
ģȷеϢʦһֹһǸһ񡣡
ߣݵ
˼
һμӿ˵ߣϳɱ
һԽпˡ
ˣ΢΢
ڡֵϳμӿˣ
ֵܣСġ²ΪһҪ̷ŵ˵
ͷۿУǲϵԣϵľ˾ǵĹľ˾Ĺľ˾ʧɾʹˡ
סԶ̷ͷͬʱ˳ȥ
һĿ⣬͵ھԵϡܸоЩĿ֮УмЦġ˿̫ꡣ
Ե츳ߣһ㣬ҵǳϵġǣ㾰ԲĹãʮѣôʱ䣬幬ˣ
ڵĹʱȽϾã˵ǧ꣬мʱ䣬ǵĹЩҲԾôĵ⡣
㵽ĹʮҪμӽ幬ĿˣԿѲɣ˶ǷͶ㾰ţ
ͷۿܶվ
ԣзμӿ˵ĻᡣֲμӿˣпܱͷۿܻɱƶԾ˵
ÿһ߲μӿ֮ǰҲͷۿɱ֮ǰƶôһ䡣
ҼֲμӿˣѾ׼ˡ˵
ţǾͿʼɣƵ˵ͷ
Ʋλߣ츳ʮ־ˣ궼ѾǾˡĹ˲Це˵
ţ֪ԡ츳Ӧòھ֮¡ʱ򣬿Զû񾳽硣ƵͷЦ
ǰҪͨ幬Ŀˣ񾳽ɲСĹľʵ١ͨ˵ģȴëǰĹ˲ҡҡͷ
ʧܲ£µʧܺһ겻Եԣϣôžԡ
ʱԺͷۿѾ˶
ϼھСԵ񣬶ͷۿܡ
ͷۿܻӶֱۣеһơÿһƣķ֮
ת˲֮䣬һһܣֻʣ¼ʮס
һɫ⣬ӾԵĲϼֶɨͷۿܡ
ǿĵڶͨ͵ĴѹƹȥͨܣڸͷۿܵһʱܵĶһ΢ɲĳٻ
ˣ
һ촫
ͷۿܣϼһ죬ɫײʱ


1091 幬
ɫ֮
ɫ⣬һͷۿһܱǺȻڿռڱ
ɫƣɨ˷
Ŀע֮£ͷۿеֱֵӱײ
ڳˣ˭֪ͷۿܵǿ
ֿܣ
ͨ˵ߣͨײﵽĿġͷۿȻһǻۣԶԶﲻܵĲΡҲ˵ȿܣȣ෽涼ơ
ҪͷۿܣҲֻײԱһַʽ
ڣģȴǾʩչĲɫ⣬Ӳ潫ͷۿܵĵֵײ
ɣǳˡ
ȫĿģһĻһɫ⣬ײͷֱ۵֮󣬲δڿռɢٿпܵ

һ̶㳡ŷһĻ˲㾪°ͣܶӷ·Ҫɳ
ޱȵͷۿܣͻȻ֮侲һ̣мѿ
ܸߴһΪƫУмֳ롣൹ȥ
ҪͨˣֻҪͷۿܻһμɡ
Ǿһǽ롣޸֮ǰһͷۿܣȻǲܼսˡ
㳡ܣޱȵİˣԼӲˡ
ǿܣôͱˣ
ͷۿܶõĲϣжͣ
ڵĹ幬Ŀ֮Уδֹμӿ˵ߣܽͷۿġ˵룬ǶԿ˵ǳ
ô
Եһ̺ôֲܣ
Щ֮ǰɾʵˣ˿ȫ˵ˣҧ촽ɫס
˼ҽĹȻʮʱμӽ幬ĿˣΪ˼ʵ㲻ҲǲСͣҲμӽԿ
վڹ㳡һߵľ꣬Ե˫Ŀ֮УҲ¶һĨԾ֮ɫ
ʵϣ֮ǰ˵ԵĴδ̫⡣ǽ컨ǰʮš츳򣬶ܹŵϺŵġ
Ȼ츳ڣɻûдﵽĿĳ̶ȡԣǰԣһЦ֮
ǽ죬ۿһͷۿ󣬾ҲľˣԽľԼ뾰ԶԱһ¡˵۴츳Ǵս˵ƺǿܶࡣ
ˣ죡ĬĬת
ԾԣûʲôʼɵΪˣȻ΢°һЩǿߣصġ뵽񻹲꣬Ѿӵǿս񹬣ȻоԵһϯ֮ء
ԸоĿ⣬ҲתĿȥĿԣ˵ͷ
ԣͨ幬ˡʱ˾Կ˵Ľ
Ƶˣʱ˼ҲǣͬȫûԤϵԵսǿ˹
лˡԹ˹ֵл˵һԡ
죬ڿϣһͷۿ룬ҲΪ֮
ĿģҪЩļһԹԱ͡Щ˱飬ⲻԸڱڮԼԣǼʶԼʵǱݷ
һ¿ܺ󣬿˼Уֹһʱν幬Ŀ˽
ʮμӽ˵ĵĹߣһɱˡͨ˵ģֻˡ
еӱμӽ幬˵ߣʵǿԼһĵġɼˣʮͨ˵ģȴֻˡɴ˿ɼҪ幬Ѷж
ֵܣϲˣ̷ɫЩ졣
ͨˣ̷Ȼϲáǣ뵽֮ǰԾЩˡЩȻҲǹľԣͬʱҲǻɾԵʵ
˵ˣþ޷ͨ幬Ŀˡ
ɽأ
ڿ֮Уһͽɱ
̷󣬲
̷˾ˡЦЦ
ֵܣԺҪǰ幬ˡӴ֮񹬵ĺĳԱԺ󣬿ɲҰ̷뿪Ц˵
Ȼϸ㡣ȴ֣ص˵
̷̬Ҳ΢΢Щж֮ǰ̷Ȼƺֵܣʵϣĵλݿ϶ǾܱȵġھԳΪ񹬺ģݵλɾͲ̷Ĺľ˾˾֮ˡ
̷Ȼһ񣬿ɾǱս̷ҲǾԶ֡Ժ˵ĵλ࣬Ҫ任һˡ
̷ļ䣬ԹֵƵȵ幬˲²Աǰ񹬵幬


1092 
˾ׯ԰
ոսӵһǳϢͨ幬ˣʽΪ幬ԱҲǳΪ񹬺ĳԱ
˵һϢ
ԱֵԽ㣬Խŭ֮ǰ˫ĳԹƺֱŴࡣ
츳ߣ
ߣٸΣҪ͵ɫ
٣ңһӰ˽Ц
٣˵𣿡˿ߣͷʵ
ԣ
Щ졣ŶˣǸ͵۾
٣˾Աһ񾳽硣
Ȼֻһ񣬵ɲ֮ǰˮФܱȡФֻͨһ
ФɱФԵסʱ䡣
һһҲž޴ġ
֮ڣ幬ҪҪĻҪһΡ
幬ȻЩܱͨȵġ
񹬵Ĺߣܳɹ幬ģǾеľӢǾӢеľӢóһݣΪľһ̤Σս
ñȾľһһΪһߣսɻɱͨһǹ¡
һ㣬幬һҪҲÿһ߶ġܽһǵ幬һе̳
˵һսǼ뺷
ͨ񣬶Բ񹬵һ֡
٣ʵʵƾʵġսö˵
ţǸɫѾָеѹ֣ó
ٲת˼ǣԣĪʲôطүɣ
Ҳ֪˾˾֮ӣǰ˿Ρ룬ĵүǴ˵δҲ̫һЩ
٣Բʶôֱǲ֪ߵغĻ˶֮ǰң˵
ĸ˵ҲֱӣûвҴŵ˼ԶԴ£ҲǺܶ˵ģƽʱûж⴫Ϣ
仰پ֪˼ˡ
ѵ𣿡Цʵ
ûҽҪȥһ¡ͷԣոս幬ϣȥ幬̽ˡ
ţ
幬ˣҲ˵ѾǺĳԱһü
ԺĳԱ֣ͲˡڣĳԱǱȽġͨԱԺĳԱǺĳԱͨԱɱû⡣ɱһĳԱӰɾʹˡ
٣ôĪǺǸ΢۾Ŷ١
΢΢һˡ
æЦ˵٣ֻҪԸһţȥ幬Ǹ
һ£סҪߵĶ١
վԸ
Ȳա˴ǰ幬ҵȽ˰ɣ˲츳ߣĸ߲עҾҪΪһ˺󣬻˭ȥעݵ˵
ƤӾҵĶ˶Ӧǣ
˵ţתȥ

컨ǣ컨¥
泤ϴˣ컨ʮ߾ԣյʱ֮ǰѾ񹬵幬ڽ֮Уһͷۿ롣һ鱨컨¥Ա컨¥컨ĳǰ
նɱ񳣺ƺ컨λʮλ
ųǿҰɱˮФһ컨ϵλʮλ
ڣ˳񹬵幬ڽУ˾̾ôȻָˡ
鱨ԱҲ̲ס̾
ߣҪ컨ǰһζǳѣǽǰߣʱ򼸰ʱζޱ仯
ԣڶ̶һʮʱȴ˾ٶ
֮ǰոʮλھҪˡ
˼ȤλϣĿоһɫ룬⾰Եۺ֣𣿡
Ѿ鱨Ա˵
øҿ˵
ڽھԵֿλ컨¥ϳƬ̡
겻ͣ͡Ǻǣ֮ǰܳΪ컨һˡⳤϣ˵Сӣ֮ǰʹﵽ컨һǾˡ٣ߡ


1093 µ
컨¥˼Ž컨λ
鱨ԱһԣĬȻųϴ˾
λû˼̫ʱ䣬ٴο˵ʮλɣţӦñȽϺʡ컨ʮλߣǲ츳ߣսҲѹһһ񡣡
ǣ鱨ԱӦת߳
֮컨ʯϣλʮλľԣ͵Ծﵽʮλ
컨ʯ㳡ϵߣٴΪֶڡ

Եͨ幬˵ߣƵˣӵĹ幬
²幬Աơ²뿼˲Ϣ
Ϊν幬ֻˣ̷ǳ١Ҳ·ϣ˲ʱ䣬²Ϳ˲ʱ䣬ԺԲơ
֣㻹Ǵľ˾𣿡ʾԡ
ڴӵĹ幬һ·;У;ԣѾΪ
ǰľ˾ͦģԲ뻻˾˵
ţˮ˾Ժʱ䣬ǲ߶ĵáͷ˵ûȰ˵Լľ˾˼ȻҲûдˮ˾ľ˾Ĵ㡣
һЦЦ
𣿡
һٻӰӭԡ
һϮɫȹϸ毺ãĿžԡ
ԴŮߣͷ
ǵ幬ľ˾˾ɡҽܡ
幬ľ˾˾һŮߡԣʵЩ⡣ڵĹľ˾ʱ̷ˣδԾ͸¶幬ľ˾˾Ů˵Ϣ
˾á΢Ӧּ
ɲҪҿ룬幬һȻѡľ˾԰ɣЦЦòɿ֮ܲǰԼշģЦһ񼤵ϡ
˾ǻӭԸ幬ľ˾ġ˵
ǻӭ֮ţʮ˾һ˾ܲӭأɵǹά˾һ䡣
˾ˡЦҡͷ
ɼɣߣȴȥ幬ľ˾ׯ԰Ϥһ¡˵
áԵ
׼ǰ幬ľ˾ׯ԰
һǾԣһͻȻ
һɫߣվڰ֮⣬Ŀɨӹ˵Щ̫
üŶԷ
һǾԣڲվ˵ߣ׷һ䡣
ҾǾԣǣԳ
ǵ˾١ˣǷ֮ǰҾԵĵ˾Ա١
žԣԣм仰˵
ǾӸµ̬Ծ֣·ʹһ㡣
ǵ幬˲֮⣬ʱ߽幬˲ܻһЩ幬ĳԱǣʱոմӵĹľԵ˲ų˲⸽˵Ҳмʮڡ
٣˶ʶʱٶԾԱֳ̬˶۾ٴӵҪҾԵ鷳
ڶΪҪҾԵ鷳ҾͲˡ
ƺ죬ʲôҪ˵Ҳã̫ʵ
ҽ˵ɫһЩ
˭ԵҲ
Ƕ١ٵͺȵ
ʶл˵ƨͷšͬȵ
ǺǣȻúܣһոս幬Сӣ͸Ҷ˲ٲҪֵĽˡЦһ˸ɭĹ
δӵҪϵԡǣԽ幬񹬵ĺĳԱûκ˵ͷͶֵĻҲǳס٣ҪҸͷ
⼸Իٱ԰һͷǵ幬ߣǵߣȾҪߡԣҪֵ˼ˡ
٣ھߣתĿŶ٣ǵ幬ľ˾Աľ˾˾Ծʲô˵
ɵȻҲܿóپǹҪҾԵ鷳Ϊ幬ľ˾˾ʱбҪΪԳͷ
˾仰ҾͲܹͬˡٿ˿ɣЦСӸոս幬ô˵ǵ幬ľ˾ĳԱأ
һü΢
ٵĻ治÷ϸ˵ȷʵǵ幬ľ˾ԱԴʱֻǵ幬ߣѡһ˾룬Ϊδȡľ˾Աơ
ѾӦ幬ľ˾˶٣ɲ˵
ӦǴӦˣ˵ףʱľ˾ĳԱԣ˾㲻Ҫ¡Ц˵


1094 һ
Ϣ΢Ҳɻ󣬾ôٲԹ
ԩ޳ƽ޹ʵģٲ̫ܴӵ½ؾҾԵ鷳
ǣԷżٵķӦƺֲʶ٣Ӧûм档
˿
һҪأǾҪԵ˼ˡ
˾ֻܲˣ˿ûõ˼
ǰٶӡ
ҵģʵ
ųǿΪ񾧿ɱ˺ˮФФԳˡңһշŮҲֹŮҲˡ
˾˾ĶӣҲǵ˾ԱôȷԼ⡣
㵹ǲûȷϣ仰ҲĬ˾˵
ٴü

ô֪ܲıǵ˾ĳԱ˾˾ӡˣ֮ڣҲû˸ȥǡԵ˼ƺǾ֮䣬һЩԹ
ôˣ
ɿת˼ŸΰﾰԽ⡣ﾰԶԸٵǿԣѶԸ˵ǵľ˾˾棬Ҳӡƺֻľ˾˾ԳС
˾ˣԳС֮ľ
ԣ֪һ½幬ԱȴԱգѵѵ㣬Ժ񹬣Ҷٻô죿ߺߣϹԹԹϴҵǿԼΡ˵
֪ԲܹϴҲ˵ԾԳ֣ǱȻ飬ôͿԳûϵ
٣Լˣǲ֪߳ܡôҲǵ˾ԱȴԸһʧЦ˵
˶˵ʲôû뵽Ծ˿ⷬŭţķŭװģڣŭˡ
ѵ˵ˣ٣һҧңͰͰ͵ˡҲЩ߿ˣΪҧңҪʧˡӦãмиʮֻֻģǻҧҡһļ
Ҳ̲סˡ
͵ķռڣ֮·ڡٵһ˫۾Ѿˡ
һУ˵ҪԾԴɱ
ߣҲ߶֡
ﾰԵס٣ôܲôˡʱȽٵס˵ֻҪڣ٣˲ԡ
˾ɡȴסɳ֣˵
㣿΢΢
ţҵҪжٵĹʵΡԵͷ
еϼ֮С
΢֮ʱѾǰ棬ٽ֡
ܵߣԽԽࡣٽ֣˶¶˷ܵĿ⡣
ǿҪֶԸ٣ȴס˶ҡҡͷǿȷʵЩˡ
ʵǿҲṳ̂񾳽磬һոս幬ߣȴ˾ٽ֣ⲻ
ҵǳϣͨһֵʵǶȻһ񣬵Բͨһܽ幬ߣһͨһս
ɵ幬ҪҪΪ幬ߣһ̤񾳽磬սǾ˵ǿ
ң幬һҪȴҲ׵顣ڵ幬вһʮ꣬ܳɹ
һ񾳽ߣҲһ񿹺⣬ǲǳ˵
ڳ˲٣ûһΪٿ⡣ɣҲΪܵס١
ȻסҲٳȥֻȿ˵֧Ųסˣٳ־ȾӦҲü
˻˻
еĳꪣչ嫵ܣǵϯ
ĿսȴǸ߰
٣ȷʵФ֮ǿöࡣΪǿ󣬲þ°Ȼƺʹʹսһˡ
ϼ裬ɫڿռһƥγɵĺɫӰɫײֲ·Ҫ񷡣
䣡һ촫
ԺͶˣͬʱˡ
ţٵı飬Ȼ
ֻһν֣оԲеô׶Ըǲɫ֮УЯܣǿԺĵز
ܺãе˼Сҿ㾿ж¡ٶԾڵת
ķ֮ڶǰƬռ䳶߶ʼŤ


1095 ͨ
ԶΪģ֮˺ռ䣬֮¼ת
Х쳹һ֮䡣
ʱкɫܣŨĺڹ˸ǵѵܽ˵
˭Կóٴʱģԣһ֣һϸĶ֡
վڶٶ׵ĵطʹϼĽâڽ¡ھԵ棬ͬת
Ųϼ֮ϣɫľ߸ߵĹĶƳĺӱϢ仺
һǳǿĶ֣
ԣͬ˿Ĵ⡣
ܹӵ幬һ񣬾Фܹ֮⡣һսԼҪóʮֵľӦԡһܿܵԼٲ
վ֮ĵطԶܸоӶɱ⡣٣û赭дŹԼ˼
ԺԼУôȴԼģ
ȻôֻС
߾ֳֺɫꪣΪһ⣬ǰɱ
֮ǰһſµĹӰӿЯŽһеܣ۳ɺ嫵ĺɫ޾ɱ⣬һڵ¶ȣȻ
ֱһӶ͵ĴȣĿбŷĹâ
۾źɫȳ
ɫĽ⣬Ȼն
ڶͨʥ⽣õԴļӳ֣ܲ˼顣
һԣǿȵĹȷʵ˼޷š
ɫɫײ·һŴأٶɫĽâ˺źɫҪѳǺɫͬӵпֲܣεĽɫâǣס
ֽȻͬĹâ֯ѹУԺͶˣȫһ𡣾ԵĿУѪζɢһߵĶ٣۾ȫ˺ɫ裬ء
ƣҧҧ·ܼصѹӶкɫꪡ
һڹ⣬žϮɱ
ͨԺݺݵһҧʩչͨ
Ե壬ԭʧ֮΢΢һ̳֮⡣ٵһɫ⣬ûܻоԣһʧС
žણ
ʱ򣬺ɫͲɫ⣬ҲڷֳʤɫɢɫâҲڿռƬ̺󣬲Ҳɢһա
ʱ˿̣ԶЩΧ۵ǿߣͬɴ۾ס
ԶԶ٣ս̶ֳȣ
ٵɱʱʱ䲢ࡣɾ̶ʱڵĽ棬ȴΧ۵ڶǿ߶һ㡣ǾǣԵսȶһЩҲ̫ࡣɱԻشԣҲԲһ顣
һʣµģŭôܣ
һôܵסȲεһ
ԶٵʵЩͨĶֻ¶ɱ
ôһԱȣ˵һ񾳽ߣɱЩͨĶ
ֻãЩ췽ҹ̷
ô˭ţȻЦԷڳ
ŭ죬۾ѪһƬɱ⣬͵ȼա
ڴӵ˾ʱĽǷϵԡڣɱԣ¾޷ֹͣˡеɱ⣬ʹһҪԻɱ
ɫ֣
Եܣ뷨֮˫ѹ
ܸоԼͨܵǿѹƺͨǽ֮˳ʩչɴʱԼܣ֮ȴʵһ㣬Ѵ͸ȥ
һͨȲεĶս֮УҪ˳ʩչȷʵЩ
ͨҲֻһ֡ҾԸоӦһֵһ֮ͨ⣬еڶͨܡ
ٵΪսķǳֲ
ڣԼв塣
ֻҪڶսУûܵصĴˣôԼڼ̵ʱڻָơ
䣡
飡
ȫӶϼֵɫַײУܵķ֮һЩʱ򣬾Կǿʩչͨܿײġ
˳֣ûаֵ˼
ЩΧ۵ǿߣ˺֮ĵطҲͬˡ뾰Խֵ֮أҲҴվС
̶ֳȵĶսԵƷȻҲ˼áƷǾٵΣջ
ƿٴʩչʥ⽣ڶͨ߶˼ޡ
ǣ
һ΢µĸͻȻ֮併١
ţһ
ͨˣ
ͨεǣþԵһʱ䣬һģ


1096 
Ľͨﵽڶв̵ʱ䡣
ôʱ䣬ͨһֱûٴǾûڽͨϺķ˼ίʵǣͨĲȾĲҪѵöࡣ
ΪˣԵ粻ͻƽǽͨͨȴһֱûʵͻơ
һսͨȴǴӵڶﵽ˵
Ӵѹ֮£˵Ǳȷʵкܴܱǣв֮£ǱǷ˼
ͨﵽ󣬾ʩչĹҲʵı仯
֮ǰʩչĹҪȶٵĹʵһΡڶٹ֮¼ֵڣһͨǿһáһǷͲ帨
ϣǴںܱľ档˵ӿʼǱѹŴġ
ͨﵽξȫһˡ
Ҳϸоַת仯
۾ɫ峺ࡣϣȴһ˿Ҹ֡оԵĹһʱ䣬ŪԵĹ
ûйٵɻ󣬽ͨոմﵽԵ򻹱Ƚģԣټս֮УͬʱҲĥͨ
ԵĹԽԽ٣в֧ļ
ֹƬ̣۵ɱ⣬ǸоˡռϷʱ򣬶ԾǱɱ֮ġڴ·磬ǵ⣬Ҫˡ
ɱһɢԽǺѵֵԵĹˡ
ʱֲ˳ȥھ಻Ĺ֮£ðȻôܱܿԵһɱ
ҲǣҲǡ
ٵĴˡ
ͨطǻоյߡǣûƫͨ
ֹⳡսˡ
ǣ֮⣬ô幬ڹսþֵͣĻǺûӣĻһʱ
ֻҧ֡
ϵķϣƸ֣ѹȻѾܴˡ
УȥҪСˡ˼ԽԽңֵԹʱ򣬸ġ
ԣס֣һģˡ
ǡ
ȴûֵͣ˼˶ٵ仰ûκᡣ
ҪʹҪͣͣ
ǿЦ
Բûסֵ˼ŶԵͨӣԵĹԾ˵ٶǿ
䣡
һնɱٱѪɫòҰס
ס֣ס֣ԣˣٸоʱԼŭеһҶۣȻ㸲˲ˡ
ʲô棬Ҫ
һЦĿУȻ
ûκγɣɫһϼԾΪ㣬ԶΪյ㡣
ϵķƱɫâ˺ѡһƽ⣬ڡ
ɱ֮ŨɭȻ⣬ٵ壬ٿ㽫ɱ
ڿеɵĶ٣ҵĲһ£ӿ׹䣬ˤڵϡ
ϿգɫĽâʱ䣬ȫɢ
һսͣЪ
һؿռڣǱļķ֮þûƽϢ
֮⣬Ѿۼ幬ԱȻܵǵĺ⡣
ˣı͡һ˫˫񣬿ԣ˸ӵ
٣ˣ
˾Ա٣ոս幬ľ߾ԣնɱò
ôң
ôܣ
նɱ˾Աͱ˴¨ӡ˾ԲưոݣԵĵӣҲ̫һЩ
һôɱƾʵĶ٣ԣôģ񾳽磬ս˿£ô̤񾳽ǲҪˣ
ҲĲ࣬Ƿǳ޴ϸһ˵̤һ񾳽ϸݻΪʵڼ̵ʱһǳ޴ķȡ
˺ܿ뵽ԼȻնɱ٣˵ڵʵѾܽˣǽĿҪ񾳽磬ǾԼھͲμӽˣҲӦܽɹ
˵ע֮£ʬԱߣϵԴ
ԵĿ⣬ɨʬ塣ʱ˿̣ûκκڵɱ٣ҲǾԷŭ³çٶ٣ûֱӵĳԹ٣ȴΪķԸʹӵ幬ɱԼ
ɱңҾɱ㣡̿
˵Ӵ˵Լնɱ٣ҲǶٳȡǾȥҶ٣Ƕ幬Ҿԡ
ǾԵѡ
תĿѰȺеɡ
˾㻹ӭҼľ˾𣿡ԶЦЦʡ


1097 Ҫ
ɴʱı飬ЩȻ
ĲȻΪµ˾ǣʼʱҪԾԶ֣ΪĴӶҪԽ¶١û뵽ǣ˾ȻǶٶǾԡ
԰뿪ЦʻɺܿЦŵô᲻ӭľ˾
ûã浣˾ˡظӡ
תһЦ֪ԴڿЦ
ԣ룡֣뾰ǰ幬ľ˾ׯ԰
ͬУľ˾ׯ԰ȥ
幬˲֮⣬ۼİٶ幬ߣҲ½ȥ
죬һսЩֶһЩʶ֪ǣ㲻񾳽ߣҲնɱ񹬵ߡ
Уԣһ޷׽
幬ľ˾ׯ԰
˾ɱ˵˾Ա٣˾ضưոݣľ˾鷳Բǿףڵ幬ľ˾Ի幬ľ˾ܴѹ
ԣ֮ǰҾ˵ˣֱӽɼɡ
˵鷳϶УҲõģѾ龭ľ˾˾˾˾ֻҪһк˾ͲϾǶٶȣɳ˵
лˡԹ֡
ԣǸ٣ıɱˣһִ£˫ĿŹ⿴žԡ
幬ľ˾ִ£Ҳ˵˾ٱԻɱôһᶼûܻع
̫ˣ
ֵܣսҲ̫˰ɣ
㡭Ѿ񾳽ɣִ£Ⱥԡ
λִ¹ˣǶٵľȻһ񣬿ʵҲôҵľ磬ǻûдﵽΡЦŻӦ˵
ٵʵǲôִܽ£ȻžԵĻ
ܴӵ幬Ȿ֤ٵʵ
˺ˣ˵˵Լǵ幬ľ˾Ĵɡɰһֱۡ
񾧡ǧһ񾧽
ÿʱ䣬ԽȪꡣԣΣžԡ
幬ľ˾ȪԣþÿȪʱ䣬幬ľ˾Ҳֳܷ
ǧһ񾧣ڵľ˵ǲʲôÿµȪþԷǳĶ
ȻԾڵʵȪЧҲոսʱôˡȪž޴
ԣĽΣǲ⣬ǿ顣˵
ܺˣôɡ΢Ц˵
˾ׯ԰
ž
һ̵ľ²豭Ӧ顣
ڣɫϢ
ոյõӵ幬ϢȥԸԵĶٱնɱ궼ڸһϢʱסˣЩϢġϢõ֤ʵȷʵ
ʱٽ֣ôڳۿ٣ȷʵǾһɱ幬ľ˾˾ɲδԶٳ֡
ֻǡôܣԣôɱ٣
ܹɱФ̫⡣ܹ幬ߣͨһսǣͨһ񣿶ٵսܹ붥һˣȻҲնɱ
ԣжɱ
ɱӣʵͷ֮ޣŭɶ˻
˵ʱȥǰ幬ľ˾նɱԡ
磡շס
磬ҪʲôշĿתת
ʲôȻҪȥŪǸС֡Ŀݡ
ٵФȫһФɱ֪޼֪ФԸ١٣˭֪Ĺϵ
ɱ˶٣ȥŪԣԺ÷
ԣԱ
շæ˵Ǹȷʵɶ֪뻪ĹϵöһΣӦáǣǵ幬ľ˾ˣȥ幬ľ˾ɱԣľ˾϶Ӳܡǿж֣幬ľ˾ûܵס磬Ӱ콫Ἣ˾Ҳܱ
շĻеġ
Ҳ֪ԼðȻȥ幬ľ˾ׯ԰ɱԲסǣŲʣôʵȥ
˵ô죿ѵôŹǸı΢֣շ
磬㲻ҪżշЦģǵ˾ˣǾɱ˾Ӧó档β˾棬幬ľ˾Ҫˣ
幬ľ˾ύ𣿡ü
幬ľ˾϶׽ˡʱǵ˾˾Ϳ˾˾˸ľ˾ʩѹշЦ˵


1098 ˾
컨ǣ컨¥
Сӣڰ컨컨¥ϣ͹ھԵ鱨Ҳ¶һ˿Ц
컨аʱ䣬ɻδڵߡ
Ŷ೤ʱ䣿
֮ǰո컨Ǵʮλʮλִʮλʮλǽ죬ֵٴν컨ϵ
鱨дĺնɱ񹬵˾Ա١
컨¥ΪΪǿ鱨֯ԶߵҲյúϸ٣ʵĶһսѹͨ
ɾôһ𶥼һ񣬾Ȼֻо񾳽ľֱնɱˡ
ⳤҡҡͷ
컨ʮɣ˵
ǣ鱨ԱӦ
ߣ컨Ȼﵽ˵ʮλ
컨㳡ڡ
컨ǣڣ
ڵƣ컨Ϊģʼɢ
Ծ񾳽磬ﵽ컨ʮλʷϣƺδֹںܾúܾǰҲֹֻûܼǵˡ
컨ϵҲúܶ˲ЩˣҶ컨¥ʲôָժⲢӰ죬жԾԲʵ

񹬣幬ľ˾
˾ӵ˵˾˾Ĵšλ˾˾Ҫɽԡ
ʵλ˾˾Ҳп˵Ȼǵ˾˾ڵ˾֮ڣλȴΪΡ
εԭȻΪ˵ֻǵ˾ͨԱҪǣ˾֮ӡ˾Ҷָֻ
Ϊıڵ˾ڣֻ˾磬Ǹ١
öȥϵԣپȥˣȶû˾κιͨڣٱԷɱˣ˲˵½˾
˭˭ˣ˾˾ʲ졣
£봦һ㶼룬ֲò˵һǧһǵ˾˾ˡˣ棬ǿ϶˵ȥ
λ˾ĵײǾԡһ񾳽ߣɱ٣ҪǣԵͻꡣɵӶܿóֻҪԲɾ;ԲͣҲܴﵽ߼Ρ
һǱ޴ļһ˾˾ԬԱ˳ŵĲŻȥԵüͷ
ǣǾԣȴ޷Լ
û취ֻܰ˵幬ľ˾Ҫˡ
˾ûκԥ͸ԬϢ幬ľ˾ܽԡ
ԬӵɵĻظҲûκŭ˼һ߽幬ľ˾̬ȸһ˾˾
˾˾ԬĴѶʯѶϢ˫Уһ˿
վԼסĴ
Ƭ̺ؾסĴ
ʮ˾˾סڼ֮ڡ
Ǻǣ촵ʲô磿ִˣľ˾˾ӭӡ
˵ЦˡӵϣһЦݡ
һЦˣƽʱǱһżı顣ЦݣǺټġżЦһЦҲǳѿ

Ҳֱ
ֵ£ʵ
ţһ£Ҫֹͨһ¡ӵ˵ͷ
㽫ھնɱ˵һ顣
֣֪𣿡ӿŹء
ʵӺرض±ضһġ
˾˾Ԭ棬Ѿʽ幬ľ˾Ҫˡ幬ľ˾Ȼܾˣɵ幬ľ˾˾ԻὫ֪ô飬幬ľ˾˾ûеҲûȨԼδá幬ľ˾˾ľʵҲǹ˾ľ
Ŷ£ȴ¶ı飬װ֪̬ȡ
ЦЦ
Ƿǳ̵ˣɱĶ٣˾ĳԱȻ󣬶뾰Գͻֱԭ򣬻йءԲӵĶӣͬջ
ӿʲôţҲȡ
֣㲻ҪżϾ˽һ£ѯʼĩٸһ𸴡ؿ˵
УҵȹֵĴ𸴡ӵûо
Σ潫˵ѾǺܳصһˡȻ˵𸴣Ǳضͻ𸴣ʱ䣬Ҳһ̫
ҾͲˣ֣ǡվ˹ֺȥ
ҲվͳԼĴ
СһﰡЦȻҾȥˡ


1099 ˾
뿪񹬵ھŹ幬
ԾСһؼߺøСԴӾԽ񹬲Ҽľ˾̶һʮʱ䣬Ѿ幬
Ҳ˵ĿǰΪֹһѾľ˾õȪӵһĹľ˾ÿһΪԵõһȪľ˾˶ӡ
Ϊùصǣܸо˾ʱصĽ֮顣ùذˬѡ
ھ֮ìܣز̫⡣£֮ǰѾ˽⡣˵²ǾԵĴǾԵĴҲﾰԽ¿
ɫţѵһ֮ڣ͸Ϊˡôܲӹգ
ؾԣɲǴʦԾԣȷʵҲ档أû뾰չ棬ԣλᣬһ档
幬ľ˾ׯ԰
˾ٵϢܿׯ԰ڴ˾õϢٶӭӡ
˾ˡôͻȻ٣УЩҡ
ڴ֮ǰȫûеõκϢͲ֪ľ˾˾˻幬ľ˾
ԣϢһ
˾ĵλ̫ˣȻǵ幬ľ˾˾ƽʱҲлܼ˾ء˾Ӽ٣Ǻܺ顣˵ǽٵ幬ǵ߹˾Ҳȥ
˾ҪԸһѡһֱӸľ˾˾Ѷһǵڰ˹ľ˾ܲԷԸִܲ¡
ѵΪԵ飿
ǡ˾ˣҾܾ˾𣿡˾˾Ҫ˵ʱɾ¡
ɻɼѾľ˾ׯ԰Ĺ˾
˾ˣɹʺ
΢Цɰ˰֣˾ض񡣡
˾ɫɳһ˾Ӧòʲô£ٲǺص顣
ɽأ뵽ڡ
幬ľ˾ִ£ҲڵõϢٶȸ
һЩǰǲؽšҴӼûʲô£㿴ǵ幬ľ˾Ȼ󣬻Ҫһ幬ľ˾Ա
˾Ŀǰؿʵ
ڵġ˾Ҫ˽˵ţԸһִ£ȥԽй
ִҵԺ󣬶Ծ˵˾룬þҲʵһ¡
˾ˣĸ߲Ƿǳǿĸ߼֮ڣʮ˾˾ݵһպգ
Ȼ˲ؾʮ˾˾ǲûԶԶ
˵˾ҪԼҲҵϾ͸ִ幬ľ˾á
֮󣬾΢΢һɨȷ˹ءڵļˣҲ͹أԴδɵˣԶʶ
˾˺á̼ʺ
ǺǣСֵҲá͵žԣ΢΢ͷ
ȷʵǳᡣ
ͣǿսǰ;
԰ɣһᡣֽ˵
Ҳûн˾һлֱ
ԣӻ˾ǰȻ˵ȻɵˣЩĿɿڴĿžԡ
ԣ˵ɱ˵˾Ա٣º͡
ǵģҽ幬죬ٱɱԵͷ
Ƕһ񣬶ǵһʵӦǺǿġδ̤񾳽磬Щ棬νٻɱģ˵
⡭üһʱҲ֪ν͡
˵һͨ˵
ǵģյͨһǽͨһͨԵ
Լͨ£˾֪ʲôܡ˾ǲ֪㣬ǲǹ¡
ĽͨǲѾﵽ΢Уʵ

ȷʵǵͨصĻ¶һ˿ı顣
Լĵͨٽвŵͻơ˵Լ֮⣬ûеڶ֪ԼĽͨѾǵ˾δԼٽֵ龰֪ԼĽͨﵽ
Ȼˣ
˵ɱ٣ĽͨӦǵ
ͨɱ٣ȴҲǺѡʹõĹеȲΰɣգһֱڷԵսɡ
ɼҲȫԵնɱٵġ


1100 Ŀ
ߵսɲͨҲô
һǷ֮һһѧһͨһ
Ȼ꣡
ֻǣߵ꣬ѳΪ湥
һ£Բ񾳽ߣʱҲ̡ܶôҲ˵յķ֮ܳʮߣԵϸҲĵ⣬ٵȾԵԣԵƣҪӦԼͨ
ԵĵͨȻǿ󣬿ɶٵͨҲǰ衣뿿ͨնɱ٣ⲻʵھԵͨƫͨӳɷȲ
Ϊˣز벻ͨԾնɱٵġ
صѯʣ΢󣬾ʵʵ˵
ļԴļԴ뵽ҵѧͨУǿսࡣԵ
ļԴӦòôϡ档ֻҪһٸһԴ໥ɣܻһļԴԾΪļԴûıҪ
ʲôһΣ¶Ծ֮ɫ
ԣ˼˵ļԴ빥۾žԡ
˾˵ĻȷʵԵͷ
㡭ʦ
ڵļˣ˾һ
ֻʦñԴߣӵи߼ԴҲ޷ʹԴˡ
ģмʦԵ
ʵϾѾܽӽ߼ʦȻδƳ߼ҩ赤һָоԼɹƳ赤ԶܻǷȱһЩۣңңڣֻҪһʱϻ۵ò̫ʱ䣬ԼƳ赤
мʦشʱ񣬺ڿһ
һߣѾǾ񾳽硣ʣԣôʱ;ڵϣмʦ
ǹصľЩ̲סˡ
ðɣЩˡһƽذ뿪Ц˵һ䡣
ԣĳͻô£ػһת
ԽìܳŽһ顣Ϳж񾧴û˵ֻǺĴ˹ȥ
Щˡһ˵δԼĲ
ӣǻ̵ĺܡΪԼӣԳҪһ˵ҲǷЦ⡣
üɫҲЩ
˾Ǹˣڵľܿġ˼һָԼ
һǾԻеԵĵ˾˾ǾĺΣաھ̵ģҲǹ˾˾ԼԼֻӳ·ߡ
ŹصЩš
شʱ̬ȣͰڹȷ̬֮ǰȴǲȫ
ԣҲõġ£ûȻɱ˶٣Ƕٶȣֲ㣬Ҫβ㡣ߵѹҰ㵲žǡڱ̬ˡ
л˾ˡվлԵĸм
֪ؿеӣӦþĸףҲ˾˾
س涥˾˾ǿ϶˾˾ӡΪ˱סԣҪ컪Բܲסݾ޴Ķ顣
ҲӦáذ֡
˾ˣҾ׷Ź¡ӲóԸңҲưոݡ룬һս˵
ŶҪս٣΢΢㵡
ʱ䣬Ӧ̤Σʱͨ˽һսԽ˵
ʱ䣬а̤񾳽磿ĿһĨһ
ûоԵİգҲоŷְաţʱδ̤񾳽磬ҲҪһսսôһڣӦòڴ󶯸ɸԸҡҵսҪΪȡʱ䡣Ե˵ͷ˵Ǿ˼ľ
ã
ǾˣҿԽ˼𸴸֪
Ȼԣʱṳ̂񾳽磬£һᱣ˵
˾˶飬ҾԸмġٴιֵл
뾰Ƭ̣뿪˵幬ľ˾
˾뿪֮ɵˣſ뾰Խ
ص㣬ǹھԵмʦݺͰ̤񾳽㡣
ˣžһʱԲյ
üӰѾˣ
ý浤Ƴ񾳽İղŸ󡣡ڷ򱦵ʱת
Դ㽫ϵһ񾧣ȫϻݲϡ


1101 ҩ
֮ǰΪ赤ĲϣϵһѾࡣڣ˵幬ľ˾ǧһ񾧣ټϻɱٺڶƶСֵõԼһǧһ񾧡ǰǧһ񾧵ġ
Щһ񾧣㹻ǧϻݲϡ
ڵ幬򱦵󣬾ֱӽǬСչ
һʱ俴ƺܳ˵αչҲ͹ȥˡ
Ҫڰڣﵽ߼ʦΣ̤񾳽磬˵ʱϲԣ
ھԱչȫͬʱľ˾˾أҲڼ˾˾ӡ
ؽԵ˼ί˵ȻҲȽȷı̬˾Ķٱɱβھԡ
ʵԼҲǳһ㣬Ҫھԣ¸ͲҹعֱͨӶԾˡ
Ǻǡ
ӺôĿһڣҪЦ
ͼսʱӣĿкŭƺڼ͡
ϾǰĹأһľʮ˾˾ڹǰҪֻò
Ǻǣô˵ġһҲô˰ɡط·ûоӵŭ⣬Ȼ΢Ц˵
ֶԣƺܰ۾Źء
˵ûҶԾԣȷʵϲû취ľ˾ôһţĲסصͷ˵ǶԾԵİϧ
仰֪ǿжԾ֣Ѿ߲ͨˡǽԾ֣رضʱ˵˾˺ǳʣǾͲ뿴ľˡ
Ĺؼ˾ѹռ˾ռӲĹǳʡ
ã׹ֵ˼ˡ˵ͬʱվ˼ҪͿˡ
֣ҾͲˡ˹뿪ӾסĹ
ڹ뿪֮ӵɫһҧÿ졣
˶ŭһҲ֪Ǿԣء
˾

ЦĶսң
ãҾ͵һ꣬սҡʱҵڽնɱǹƥ˵ʲôı飬ЩŤȥɲˡ
԰սϢѾһΧڴԣʱٰжԸԣѶҲǾһʱڣֶԸԣǱ˿϶˵˾ԣԲżŶԸԡ
ȻҲǷǳӵˡһɱԡ
ǬСڣȫϻ
ʱһĹȥ
ڲϵ֮УҲͬʱǬ˵֮УڵϵԼٶš
һꡭ
ꡭ
ꡭ
ʮʱ䣬ҴҶ
ԹĴǧϻϣѾԽԽ١ʮУ󲿷ʱ䣬ԶڲǬʱʵܼ࣬Ҳֻѡ
ϣѾˡ
ӦãԿܷƳ赤ˡ
۾
ڸղţԼһ赤֮У赤ɹˡҲ˵赤ϣѾûϵѶȡ
Խʣϻȫȡ
ʣһٶϻϡţȫƳɡȻ󣬾赤ĬĬ߶ԴǬ¯֮ڡ
һºʣһٶϻϣһա
ˣеϻϣԱϻǬСڵϻѾѻɽ
ɨѻϻϽŸֳЦ⡣
һϻ֮ࡣȫȥǾڶһ񾧡һӴ֣Щͨ񣬶һ
ڵ͵磬磬ʦеˣⲻûеġЦҡҡͷ
ðɣʼ赤
Խ赤ĸݲȡ˳
ڵĹʱ򣬾Թ赤ɼγȫʧܡһ¯赤ϣֵʮһ񾧣˵ΪġԵʱڼʧܺ󣬾Ծֹͣ˳ԣʱʶԼĵ۲㣬޷Ƴ߼񵤡
ʧܣţôʧܣԿɢ赤üͷ
һγ赤һ¯ʧܸա
⣿ҡҡͷ
۾̻һ飬һķѰпܵʧܵĵط
ǬԾԵİȷʵΪ޴ʦҪķҪʱ䡣Ǿԣֻǲһʱ䣬ͽ̷һ顣


1102 ڲɹ
⣬϶ûеġ
Ǭ£ϸҵϸ΢ܵʧܵأ̽о
Ȼеڶ¯赤ơ
ٴʧܣ
ҪΪ߼ʦѡЩˡ
ʵ߼ʦȷʵǷǳԴﵽĲΡ򣬸߼ʦҲûж١ڵмʮϰĵʦܴﵽ߼ʦΣвڵ츳ߵĵʦ
ɴ˿ɼеѶ֮
һ㣬赤ǱȽϻĸߵȵҩһżֵﵽһ񾧡һЩϡеĸ߼񵤣һżֵﵽǧһ񾧵ҲСһЩϣʱһŸ߼񵤣ĳǧһ񾧵ľ˼۸
ڵ浤߼񵤣ֵ޷ĳߵļ۸񶼲ϡ档Ȼ浤൤ҩҲѼ
ʯ飬ʵ̫̫ˡ
һͲˣ
Եڶ¯赤ʧܺ󣬾Ժܿ񣬶Էŵ̽зȻ
¯ʧܣ
¯ʧܣ

ʮ¯ʧܣʧܡ
ƣ
Ѿǵʮ¯ˣ̾һǰǬ¯
ʮ¯赤ոϡǰĵ¯鸴ӣûмſ¯鿴Ƴĵҩ
һ¯ܳɹ𣿡һ
ɣ
򿪵¯εļŵҩȡһ赤
˻˻ҩȡۿɼٶɢ
Ȼʧܡ
ô£ѵΪҵ粻ҪƳ߼񵤣Ҫ񾳽𣿡Щʧš
ţھԿʼɣǲҪﵽΣܽ߼ʦƳ߼񵤵ʱĿ⣬ȴȻһ
ոȡ赤Уһţûɢ
ɹˣԵɴ۾ŵĿǰһŰɫĵҩ
ӵҩϴݳֵƬ̣赤Ȼû赤ɢ
ɹˣĳɹˣȻֻһŵҩȹ̣ϾƳˡҲ˵ѾǸ߼ʦˡ
޴ϲ֮飬ھԵļ䡣̫ˣ̫ˡΪƳ赤еɼֻоԼΪ
ǰʧʮ¯˳һ񾧡һ񾧣ľ˵ܳܣװһ񾧣Ҳۡڣڽ赤˳һżֵʹﵽһһ񾧡
ҷŵĲ²⣬Ǵġ粻ΣҲƳ߼񵤵ġϲ̵ĸ赤
ŵҩúЧɲϻܹġͼܷ赤ǽٶȣ϶ǿþ˰ֻǣһ񣬻ò赤һžҪһһ񾧣жõ𣿸˵Щͼˡ
ɹƳ赤󣬾ãǬС磬ȥ幬򱦵
ǳϻõ񾧡
ֵԵһԱóôϻǲ㱻
һ񾧰
ǧԴѰ˼˵
࡭٣Աˡ
һԴֵʮһ񾧡ǧһ񾧡Ա򱦵Ѿ˶ʮʱ䣬δ˶Դˡ˵ǧǹٸԴĶëǡ
ǧظһ顣
áõġԵȣΪ̨ڵԴ㣬Ҫʾܴˣȥֿ׼Աæ˵Ŀ˷ܡ
˾޴Ľ׶ɣʵ٣ɾкüһ֡
ԱܿȥǧԴ͵Եϡ
ٸٷ赤ݲϡĥƬ˵
ԱЩľˡ
ٷ赤ϣȻС赤ǻ߼񵤣赤ҪݣҲͱȽ϶ࡣ
õǧԴٷ赤ݲϺ󣬾Ըոնһһ񾧣ҲȫĵˡȻΪ˾ԻҪ֧һ񾧵˰ѡ
ǣԴʹݺ󣬹ָǡ
ӭ´ԱϲЦտ̬ȹ
׼߳һȴһӰǰ档
΢΢ü̧ĿһۣһȹŮӣһ˫Լ
𣿡һ䡣
ͻȻסȥ·Ȼǲ̫òľٶƢģ˵õҪˡ
ţô赤ʲôȹŮӿžԣһûмѯʡ֮УԼоӸµζͷ·ʾ⣬Ծͱش𡣾Իش⣬ƻǾԵ˴˵ӡ


1103 Ǿ
ȹŮָ߸ϵ̬þԺִܵ
ҹ赤ϣʲôϵΪҪش⣿
вÿɷЦһԱƿȹŮӣŮˡ
𣿡ȹŮüһϢɷӿ
ʶ𣿡Զס壬Ťͷʵ
㲻ʶңȹŮԵĻ¶ı顣
ͺ񣬾Ӧʶӡ
λС㣬Сĸ򱦵ˡŽӴԵĹԱȹŮ뾰˳ͻæ߹˵
ŶвЩ졣
û뵽ŮˣȻǵ幬򱦵Ůݣ治һ㡣ңŮʵҲףһ񡣾Ըоս㲻٣Ҳܶࡣ
ʵǿټϱܴѹһĿ˵ӣ幬ԱӦʶҲǣ幬һԱ»治ҵ
¶ȵı飬ϣ͸һĨкһ˿⡣
Ըң㹺ô赤ϵԭ𣿡һ£ٴοѯʾԣͱˡ
˼ûȤ㣬Һֲ졣Цһ
㡭û뵽ԻĻش
֮ǰԿĲʶԼɶһĹԱѾݸ˾ԣôԲӦͽͷε
һȻ
ҲЦ幬򱦵Ůȷʵǿ󡣿ǿıǿ󣿶Լҵ幬򱦵Ů
ÿһͺȡ
󵨣ڷӡУƺǵһΣ˺ǳÿ
ʱеɱ⣬ѾŨܣӿתʱ׼ԾԳֵӡ
ôѵ붯֣򱦵ƲƲ졣
ߣѹ˿Ϊ򱦵ڣҾͲܶɱ㡣ã򱦵йأҲƻ򱦵ĹءҵҪ򱦵ϵɱ⣬΢һЩвԾ˵
ΪβǺǣƾ㣬ҲɱңЦһ̤߳һûκֱͣӾͳ򱦵
ԾԳ򱦵ٴסˣһʧˡ
Сӣô֮ѵ治
˶Ҫɱ㣡ŭɶҪ׷ȥ
С㣡һԱСĵס硣
ʲô£Բʵ
һۣǹԱȫһ׳ŵС˵С֪ղˣֽоԡ
ԱʶԡվɱպĿãʶԡ幬֮УԵԱ治̫ࡣ
ԣɻ
ʮǰɱٵǸԡԱһѡ
Ŀһ䣬֪ԱΪ׷ȥˡ
ȻԸҲ֪ԼǶ٣ӦûһЩܽʵܽõ֤ܻɱ٣սȻӿֲžԷŵ̬ȣֻ׵ͷǰҲ̫á
׷ȥ֣ȴǺ˵
һ˼֮󣬷绹˶ԾԶֵ˼еŭȴûɢ
ƣһСʱ֪ʲôкڣҧгݵ˵һ䡣

ľ˾ׯ԰סǬСڡ
ǧԴǰ
󣬾ԽļԴ۶
ɰɣ¶˷֮ɫеļԴ
ԴȼԽߣԼĸԽǿһԴȼˣô뵽֮УԼսҲԽ
ԴԼôࡣΪˣԲŲϧķһ񾧹ǧԴԼıԴ
ļԴͨԴٶѾܿ죬ҿɣҪԷ̫񡣵ԽԴ۶ԴѾվǰѻıԴ
һԴϱɡ
ʮ
ʮ
ʮ
һٸ
û̫ʱ䣬ԴһٸͨԴʱ򣬱ԴȻûκνƣҲɫΪŨһЩ
һǧһ񾧣ôûˡҡҡͷ
Ŀ㡣
ɶٸ
ٸ
ٸ
ԴɵٸͨԴ󣬾ԵɫѿˡⶼǧһˣļԴȻûн弶
㵽ҪɶԴԶеļԴЦ˵
ڽڰ˰ٸԴɺļԴһȻϢԴ棬⻪֮ʢ


1104 ֱɱԴ
ɫδʢ󣬹â
ھеıԴȥͺһʺѪҺ
ԿԴ֮Уһ״·ҫ
弶Դ
ԴȼɱҲ֮ɳһȻķ˰˰ٸԴչɹˡԷе㵣ģԼ򱦵ǧԴȫɺ󣬱Դܽ弶ڣԷˡ
һֻһԴ
˽ӽʮԴ
ļ˽ӽһٸԴ
ļ弶ȴ˰˰ٸԴһǧ
ô弶أ
㣬²ⲻĻ弶ԴֻµúķѽӽһͨԴҲǽӽʮһ񾧡֣Щˡ⻹ϣ߼˼żأ
ˣô࣬һһɣԽ
һιǧԴʣһǧٸһǧԴȫɣҲ弶Դ΢룬ñԴͨԴ
ȻʣԴҲñԴ˸Դ󣬱Դܿ϶һǿġȼܽȴ
һǧͨԴһա
ԴȻ弶ļ侪ˡ
ԿԸо弶ԴʶļԴǿҡ
Ҳһ֤˾ԵĲ²⣬Դȼﵽһ̶ȣĿԲԼġꡯܲ꣬ôԴжôǿ
弶Դܣϲ
弶Դƺֱӹˣ㲻ԴܣӦֱɱͨ񡣡
ķһ񾧣õ弶Դﳬֵ
Դأڴ
Կʼ赤򱦵ٷ赤ϣԴһвȫƳ赤
弶ıԴЧļԴΪԡһ¯赤ƳɹȻȻֻɵһţḶ֮́ǰɵöࡣ
ʮ¯赤ǳֳɵŵ赤ﵽʮ¯ÿһ¯ҩȶڳɵšƵһٶ¯赤ɵŵļʴӡ赤ӽ¯ʱÿһ¯赤ƳʱֳܳɵĿš
һ赤ϣҪʮһ񾧡һ¯ɵĿţǾǼֵİһ񾧡һ¯ҩ׬ȡٶһ񾧡
һ룬ЩС
赤Ƴ󣬾־۾Ǭ
ʱˮҴҶš
Ҳ֪˶ã۾浤ȡ浤ĺĲϣǵʯ飬ݲȻҲǳ󣬿򱦵񾧶򵽡ȥʯ֮⣬ϼһݴԼҲͰһ񾧶ѡ
Ǭصĵ浤һεʯֳݡ
һ¯浤ֻҪ֮һεʯ顣
ƣŵĵҩƣٴοʼ
һ¯浤ƣʧܸա
ûżʹǬһ¯ʧܵĵ浤ƹ̣ϸһѰпܴڵ⣬Ծ
ڶ¯浤ƣɹ
һ¯浤ɵһšŵ浤þϲ񣬿ɫĵҩĿйâķš
浤ⵤҩһ¯ɵһš
һ¯浤ȻƳɹȻûżƵ¯ٴʹǬԱķĵá
ʯʵ̫ˣԾҪܵĲ˷ѡһ¯ҩʧܣʧޱȾ޴赤ʧҲʧˣʮһ񾧶ѡǵ浤ʧԹ
ʯ񾧾õġ
¯浤ٴγɹһɫĵҩС
ĵεʯֳʮݡ
ʮ¯浤ƣֻʧһΣʮһΣƳɹԽ棬ԵƾԽӳ죬Ƴĵ浤ҲƽȻǰһʮŵ浤ûдﵽƷʵģҲΪ⡣
εʯģõʮŵ浤˵ǣʯļֵһǳ˵ĳ̶ȡ
ʮŵ浤񾳽磬ҾͲŻͻƳɹʮһ䡣
ʵϣԶԼ񾳽磬һ㶼ġ㲻Ƴ浤Ҳаڰڽһ񾳽硣
ԭܼ򵥣ʮεʯ顣̷ֱʯ飬һβоΣβоΣټĦʱʮʱٸı䣬ǿͻƶ⡣֮ԳƵ浤ҪԭǿõʯͻƣԼӰ졣


1105 ͻ
ؼ챦ڶ࣬ٶʯһֱӱʹáգΪҪƳɵ
ΪЩ̺ǳԭʼƳɵҩԵõкͣ߶ԣҩ׽ܡ
ۺϿ֮£Բžķʱ佫浤ƳڣԳɹˡʮŵ浤Ӧ㹻ԼΪһ
ȻԻûʹõ浤ͨһŵ浤ЧãӦһεʯ൱̺º͡
Ҫ֪һεʯ¯浤ڵ浤һ¯һһ񾧣浤ֵȣȫԺԲơ
赤Ƶ浤Ҳ֪Ѿ˶áת
Ͳ򵤵ʱ򣬾Լÿʱÿ̶ȫע֪ʱ˶á
ಣ
ӰһԳǬС硣
ҩѾƳһ͸ýȪˡ
֮ǰ幬ľ˾˾˵һڣԿԽȪꡣʮ꣬ǾͿȪꡣ
ԴȪڣһƴ󾳽̤񾳽硣е浤ĦʱټϾԵ츳Լһ񹦵ĸһ̤񾳽硣
ʦ㣡ҵ幬ľ˾˾ɣĴк
ɲþԳƺΪ˾ԾԳΪʦ㡣
ɿԣ¶ϲɫæ뾰¡
ԣңǲǴȪˣüչЦֱʵ
ǡԵͷ
ţԴ幬ľ˾ѹʮꡣһȪ꣬ҲжʮȪʱ䡣ԣη䣿΢Цžʡ
ɵĻԲһ¡
ʮꣿ
ԼչȻһӹʮʱ䣿
ôһʱ䣬ԼȻûʲôо˵Ź꣬Զỳɡ
в֪
һȪʮꡣԶһ˵
ԣͰšɵû¶κΪѵɫ
ȷʵҲΪѡ
幬ľ˾Աǰ漸Ҫࡣң幬ľ˾Ȫڳһþʹöʮ꣬Ⲣѽ
ֻһ죬ȪѾ׼ã̽Ȫ
ûٵ飬Ȫȫ
ǳ죡һ˷ܵĵ
ȻžȪЧԾ˵ѾԶ羳绹͵ʱ򣬿ȪʥءֻǶ񾳽˵ȪĻҲǷǳġ
幬ռڣͷ֮ͷǳŨˣĹԶ幬ȡ幬ߣ񹬺ĳԱϵõչˣȻͨԱܱȡɾ幬ĻҲȫ޷Ȫȡ
һת߶֮Դֶ
ͬʱĦʱͬʱת
ʱȥ꣬յķ֮һУʮңǻԵķ
ҲɸпԼܹӵмбԴĻ
ֻһ֮Դء֮մﵽһ̶ȣԾͱֹͣʹû֮ԴҲû취飬ǻ̫֮Ӱ쵽ȶôʹ÷֮Եеʱ򣬺ܿ⵽ɡ
Ϊףûеڶѡ
һööļ񾧣ҲھԵ֮УٻΪ۳Ʈɢ
ʱ꣬Ħʱйһ꣬յķ֮ﵽ֮ޡ
ʱʮ꣬յķ֮ﵽһʮ֮ࡣ
һһյķ֮ҲǼһǧӡ֮գһ˵ԽվԽࡣΪ֮УԷ֮գϵġһһһҲռ֮࣬һǼ
ȻһͣʱԽµķ֮ٶȾͻԽ츳һߣ˺ڣпһһĵķ֮
Уǣ࣬츳أʹ䱦أߵķ׺أߵľصȵȡأշ֮ٶй
֮⣬ⲿҲһҪأȪڣշ֮ͻɼࡣ
ȥʮ꣬ĦʱӰ£һʮ
һգʱֹͣĸ򵽾ݡ
αչ֮ǰԾѾﵽ۷塣һʮ꣬ҪǻۣԼ㹻ķ֮
ڣʱͻƾˡһͻƳɹǾ
֮ڣߣɲǴײˡ
ͨһ棬Ƕһ
ųǿҰԭˮФһǳͨһѡ


1106 Ҫ˰
һߣݻʵ췭ظı仯
ӴȺ֮Уܹﵽ񾳽ģǷëǡ˵ˣ˵֮ڣܽ񹬵ģ츳ڵߣѡһĴڡɾЩţ֮УųɾŵˣһҲΪ
ǧľţ˳ŵģ̫̫ˡ
ڣԱ㣬񾳽硣
浤
ܲܳɹͿˡԿеĵ浤΢΢ü
˵浤֮⣬Իмᾧȡͬʱա
ˣ
浤ڣΪš
ȫתһ񹦣߾յ浤
浤̺ȷʵһεʯ֮ǰ̷һεʯ˵浤̺Ҫºࡣ
֮ǰյʯյ浤͸κε⡣
Ҳ֪˶ʱ䣬һŵ浤ȫա
ԸӦһ£־˴Լ֮һҡһŵҩԴĸͽݻ֮һ
⣬þ˷ܼ
񾳽磡ˣ
ڶŵ浤ٱ̷
ŵ浤Ҳȫ֮󣬾ݣٴɶ
Լһˣ΢΢ͷ
šĿš
ԽǽӽȫƾݣѶȾԽ󡣵һŵ浤֮һݡ̷ţĿŵ浤ݣȴǻ֮һûܻ塣
Һö׼һЩ浤оſţҧҧ
̷ڰ˿ŵ浤֮
¡
ϸҵĲ
Լֻһʱ䣬ϸǺȻϸλãһɫС
Խȫͷţ˿Ĵ⣬ٿصγɡ
ʱ˿̣ͻƹ̣ΪҪһ衣۲ȹ̣ǾԾ̤ʧܣôξͻʧܣ֮ǰ̷ĵ浤װ˷ѣҺܿܵ¾ȵ䡣
ʧܣ¾Ӿ䵽һв١
𽥵
ھǿٿ£һжɡγɣҪļԵԴ࣬ǲ¡
Ҳ֪˶ãڡ
ˣȫۣƻֺĵھԵĸĶҡ
һΣԳĺؿڵһ
ɹˣ
񣡴ڿʼұһ񾳽ߡԵ˫Ŀ֮Уҫ
γɺҪӯΪ˼ӿӯḶ́ٴ̷ŵ浤

ԱȪͳʱ򣬾Ѿһ۷壬ǳȹ̡
Ȫ֮ǰƳʮŵ浤ʣš
赤ٿ֮ࡣ
֮ǰƳ赤Լٶŵӡڣʣ´Լٿš˵ĵ赤ٶšһ赤ֵһ񾧣Ǿڶһ񾧡
ԣɳھߡ
ɣ׼ʱ䣬֪Ծڽ콫ȪԼʱ֮ǰ͵
ʦ㡣ɣЦЦɹ֡
һȪоΣȪʮʱ䣬ӦкܴɣĴžԡ
Ӧһ¾Եľ磬ȴȻ֪Ǿϣоκ֪ԵʵܿΪԾһͨ˶ѡ
ȻҲû⡣һμԵʱ͸оԵھûд߶£ǸӦġ
˵ʮ꣬ʵϣ˶ٶʮ֮á
ĦʱίʵǺö
Ȼٶʮ꣬ڸ߼ʱҲǺܶݵġ
ʱľԣյķ֮Ѿ֮ޡһЩ˼ʮһ񣬶ʲôˡ
ɵĻ΢΢һЦ
ʦ㣬Ҫ鷳һˡûֱӻشɵ⣬˵
ŶʲôҪȥֻ˵ˬ˵
ǸҪ鷳ʦ㣬ˡԹͣһ¡
ʲôһ˫ĿʱԲ
Խ幬ҲŹʮʱѡ
ھҪæˣ˵Ѿ̤񾳽ˣ
ôܣ
Ȼ˵Ҫսɿǲܵ顣һֱΪǾԵȨ֮ơ벻ʮ󣬾ʹﵽΣҪˡ
鷳ʦˡٴι˹֡
⡭Ҫ˰һѪɫӿ


1107 ս
ھ񾳽ʱ򣬾ܻɱߡ̤񾳽磬սжǿ
˿ɾܹ˳
ûƣھ񾳽ʱ򣬽Ӧûκ⡣
ȥ˲ˡæ˵
ʦ㡣ͷ
ֻҪһν˿ʼ
ʱɴӿ˲أ߾ԹѾύ뼸ھͨͬʱҲ߾ԣһνĿˣʮ֮
幬ˣÿһΡ
Ծģȵĵȴһν˵١
ڵȴʱ򱦵һϻõһһ񾧣ȫмᾧһö֮ࡣ
ʮʱͨ˶ԣȻǺܳܳˡǶ񾳽˵ǵָһ˲
ʮʱҲûţ󲿷ֵʱ䣬ͨԵֻͨǵһΣεͨԸǿߵʱЧѾǺԣԾһʱ䣬ܲܽԼͨڶ
֮ͨ⣬Ҳʱ䣬ոķ֮
ʱȻֻʮ꣬Ħʱʱ䣬ӽһٰʮꡣ
򲻸ˣԵͨ˳ڽ֮ǰﵽ˵ڶ
ڶͨٶȸ죬Ҳáʩչڶͨһߣܷ־Եķй켣
һգԲμӽĿˡʽĹ幬Ŀơμӿ˵ߣԵһΪǿͷۿܡ
ڿУ׾ٽͷۿܻ˳
Խ֮ĵһ£˾ս顣
ʮ֮ǰԵ˵Ҫڰڽһսڣ˵仰ʱ˻ʮʱ䡣
ʱԵۣ˿ǺܿЦġڣҲûˣΪ˵
ԺᣬǾ񾳽ΪȻ֪ʲôʱﵽ񾳽ģһȷ̤񾳽ʱ䲻̫ԣڰҪﵽ񾳽磬ڳ˵Ρ
ˣԾԵսʵǲмһ˵ģǲΪڰڴﵽ񾳽硣츳ٸߣҲ
˭뵽ˣ̤񾳽磬ڸոս֮󣬾ս顣
ʱ򣬴һعζˣԲڿЦҪ֮һս
ھԽľ˾ãˡϢȫųϵߣ̸۾һս
˾
˶ӵԵս飬еŭ⣬ȻһԭӢӣŤ¡
ǵԼԣǣԵս飬ڴ
ʵı֮ڣм˸Ҷս飿
Ես飬ážž죬ܲŭ
һҪҪʬΣݺݵ䡣
ֻнԵڻɱ΢йеŭ
ľ˾
˾ԶŸոմ߽˾ֵ
ֵܲؿ˰֣Ǳлظˡ
Ŷô˵۾΢С
һº˼뽫սڣʮ֮С˵
һº󣿡΢Щ⡣
ܲ³ڵضǳŭ޲ɱԼŭȻսڣһº
Եƣ˵ֵܣҪսĵص㣬ڿ˲֮㳡ϡ
ֵܣǲǻһսĵص㣿˵
˲Ĺ㳡ǺܺΪʲôҪԿ
Цҡҡͷҿøֳսսڶһֽ֮սص㶨ڿ˲֮㳡ϡĺԣϣи˵ֳս
Ҿãµʱ򣬲߻ֳսǵ߹ߣһЩᵽֳȥۿĶս˵
ûֱ˵Ҳ̫˵ֳսﻰ⣬͸һΪԿǵ˼
΢һתԾˡ
λ˾ƺĲ㰡ֳսֳ̫࣬Խ࣬ԵȻԽÿ
Եû˶죬ⲢǶ⡣˾Ӧ˾й֪ͨ˾Ҳֳսʱ򼴱㾰Բ˾ҲþС


1108 
ǣʣµľ⡣
˵ȻԽ˹սԽá
սڶһºԣҪս߳ʱϵֳԽǶս̫Ǿпúܴһйս˼Ϲ
Ȼø˹սǾˡЦ
ǡü
˾˵˼ס˾ӦиĲǡֹסĻͷ
ԵĻɿЦԾиģ֮ǰıҲȷʵۡʵǳֲ
ֵܣ˵˵ʵɡ
ڲ֮ǰѾ̤񾳽硣ҵ˽⣬ڵΪѾܽ߹Ҳ֪񹬾ʮ˾߹Ѿˡڰ˹ڵģǾʮ˾ܲʮ˾ܲڣûͨԱ
ĸף˾˾ӡıܵõԴʵڲǵѰȵġֵҪףֶΣܿܳǵ֪ߵϾԲֻһ
ϸģԽֶΡ
Ȼ˵ģֻ֪ġһЩֶΣҲ޷Խ
Ȼһ㡣ɫҲ΢΢أĽʵ˸˽⡣
ˣҲڶսʱ͵صϡ
Լ֣Ҳټ֡
Ǻ˾㱨¡
ڼĹأֻ˵һ䡮֪ˡ
ڵ򱦵ʣϻȫ۵ڶһ񾧡Ȼڶһ񾧣öԪؽᾧ
öԪؽᾧֻ˾ʮöòϼɱɸߵܴһԽµһ¶ͷԪؽᾧȫòϼգòϼܸΪǿᡣ
սʱ䣬жʮ죬Գʱ䣬Ħʱһαչء
αչأҪ
񾳽ʱ򣬶ϣһЩµĸ򡣲֮ϣиΪǿΡ
սڼշ֮Ծ԰ԺԲơԾԾʱ䣬ܲܳԽ壬ԼҲûκΰգһϣҲ޷
ǳ˳Ħʱ£˰꣬Եٴɱ䡣
ǡ
Ӧ˰ɣԿ棬Ľɫ⻪
֮壬ǿ̫ˣ
֮Уܴﵽεģڲ֪ûСԸԼļͣͷת
ȹһҵ塣±۾
սӣڵ
һգ˲֮Ĺ㳡֮ϣӰ´¡
ߣȻ󲿷ֳ֣񹬵ߣֻǧˣֳģа˳ҡټϵ߹Ĳߣ񹬵Ĵڵ˲㳡ϵǹǧ
Щߣһɶս뺷һ񣬶ͨսԷնɱ
ֳߣеǼ˾һеһ˶㳡ϣԵ÷ǳ졣
ǸԣҸеءһٶȻܳɳȳ̶ȣսһˡһɫߣ˵
ǺǣһܼˡһЦ˵
Ҳ˵ɣҿǸԣض¶档һɫҡͷ
¶棿սϢʹ᲻¶棿ü
ȡѡ⾰սʵܵеùսǴ飿СֻҪɵӦսɱĿԺܴҾͲţĲɫƶ
϶ǾԲ¶棬Ϊλ˹սһ˵
ոճأ£ո֡˵ˣܼæˣ߹һЦ˵
˵ģең֪ǿ϶һɫߣ˵һ䡣
ˡ
ʱȺһ궯Ҳ֪˭ͺһ˵Ŀת˹ȥȻ˾˷й
ߣǰкǵ߹ĲߣҲЦк
Щ˵ĴкֻӦ˼ʼ϶û¶Цݣȥ°úܡĹ°û˱ﲻá
Ϊĸӣ˼߰ıǮ
Сѵû𣿡Ⱥߵĵ˾˾Ԭʵ


1109 ս
뾰ˣԹأδı档
ʱҲ֪Ⱥ֮ûоˡ֮ôʹԬ棬ֻ˳ѡ
ѾЩȲҪɱΪø˵ֳս⽫սʱһºһʱÿ뵽ˣеɱһ֡
ʣԬջػܵĿ⡣һ֮ǰԸսʱ򣬹Ԭڿ˲֮һΡڹ㳡ϵȺУԬûз־ԵӰҲûпľ˾˾
ǾӦδϵԬ滺˵
ֺôļӣѵҵɣ𺡣
ԬЦһ˵ȥľ˾һ£
أǡЦ
٣ǾԲ᲻¶ɣ֪Լǻٶ֣η֮Ҳпľ˾ׯ԰һ˾ԱһЦݣ˵
ߣսȡ¶棬Ȼȥľ˾ľԶľ˾ׯ԰ڡ
㾰Ҫͷڹ꣬ҲþԸԸս̶ս飬˶սں͵ص㶼£ôԲ¶棬Ҳɵľ˾Ҫˡ
һηɱԲɡ
㳡ϹսڶߣҲ۷׷ףʱƣԽԽ˿ʼɾԻ᲻Ĳ¶档
ͷѾߣսٳٲ
˵ĻѾԽԽֱͷڹ꣬ǰװ˷ʱ䡣࣬ȴû뿪
ʱ򣬼ӰԶ˵֮ϡ
սˣ治٣ϷеľԣǸһȣ˵
ǰǧ˹սͷüһڰ˹˾вִ¹ˡֵܣһսƵĿˡ
ڣ̶ֳȵĽҲܳʱģ϶һһľ˾ִҲ˵
˵䣬˴ս£䵽㳡֮ϡ
ЩΧ۵ߣϳ˾Ժ
Ǹɫ۵ߣǾԡԣߵߡ
ԣȻĸ
ղһΪԲս벻ˣѵͲУ

ԵȺʼ궯Ŀ¶⣬ĶھԵϡƺǣҪúÿ񹬵š
˾ǾԡԬָžԣԵ˵
ţҿˡ˵ͷ
δ£ǰ߳ĿⶢھԵϡ
Ǿԣžԣ֮ͫУɱڡ˫֣Ը̬ѯʡ
ͬ˫֣۾
ûԣұۣȻǰ̽
һâֱǰˡɫĹâ֮Уһ֡
âһͺȺд
âȻâߵȹǿޱȡ
ߵѰ֮ڣ߼ʹõģҲǸߵѡ
ԵĲϼҲǸߵǲϼǰٶԪؽᾧҲ͵˳ڵһ񾧡
һĸ߼óôһ񾧣ȷʵһ׵顣
߶֮£âͷųһӴɫ⡣
ûκζĻԾԳ֡ʱ򣬻вˣվھ˲ԶĵطͻȻ֣Щæⱼ۶ȥǿɲ˵Ĺܡ
֣һϼѸݳ֡
ʵȻǿ˾˵Ѿ񾳽磬һ㶼١ͷת֣ͬɫĽâӲϼϱڶɫӭȥ
ɫâɫâڿռ͵ײһ
ײֲͬĹΣٿͱײΪģֽٷ䡣գʱ󣬿ԿǸĿռУķ֮Ť֯
ǿ֮£Щ֮໥˺ҪԷ˺Ƭ
ʱֽâ𽥰ȫʧڿռڡ
һνֳ֣ľ棬ƾС
СܵסһȻеֶΣѹָ˽񡣡ӣɨžԣʵǿһã̫ˣǾû˼ˡ
ʵϣһʼûӹԡھ񾳽ʱ򣬾ɱ٣̤񾳽磬սȻΪǿ
һ̽ѡûΪԼһɱԡȷʵҲȤúܡԱֳսԽǿɱԣԽܵõ㡣


1110 
㳡ܣǧ񹬵ĺĳԱ˵Ŀ⣬ڳоԺ˵ϡ
ھɵסһ˶ȣҲܽʵ
Էʱ䲻Ѿܴ컨ϣĿǰѾﵽߡ
նɱٺ컨ʮ̤֮񾳽磬ٴﵽ˵
ˣܵסһȻһЩ˾ȣҲܽĽ
ڵĿע£ٴγ֡
ɫĽâɨϯء
ԣҪ
ɣ˻쳹
˻㳡ͬʱɫâ֮УһƬɫγɡ
ɫΣϢ磬ſֲܣžֶȥ
ǡԿɫΣͫҲ͵һ
Ȼһܼǿͨ
Դʱĸоɫâ·ЯһԼѹ
ͨǺͨǿܣһͨ˾
ͨˮͨһͨ뾰ԵĽͨԼһεͨһ𣬵Ҳ
һι֮нɱŵڶУͶ˺ͨ
ǰͨǹǳɫͨȻڹϲ紿ĹܾͨԺֲܿҵĵסһС
˿ĺͨɫ΢䣬סϸ
ڣĺͨʲôܣϢͨһߣ֪պͨ
Ҳ˾֪еͨ
Կɫκ󣬾Ͳ³ֵĺͨ
ܹͨȻǿвϼһ
ͨͨ͵ͷŶ
һâҶѸݵģɫĹΡ
ͨǹȽϳɫͨԵĽͨǴĹͨ뵽еͨײһʱ
Ժ˵壬âڡڹ㳡ܵߣεǿߣҲ͸âľԺˡ
ʲôһüͷ
ԣȻסĺͨ
⡭ģôܵסԼȫʩչĺͨ
ŵɫ
ֻһ񣬶񣬾ôܵסʩչĵͨ
νɢȥֲֳϼңңԡ
ɫ࣬âٴδ̳
Ǻͨ
㻹ʲôֶΣȫóɣӭϣͨΪǧâ
һȡ
ɫĽ֮Уʱ򣬾ֳһֹâɫһŹΡ
ɫĹΣɫԻǵһʱ䣬׽ֽȻͬ
һͨת
ʲôͨ΢΢üŻйâ֯һ
ֻ뾰˵ͨδᵽͨôڿʹõڶͨӦǿصֶΣƽʱǰʹá
þԸеǣͨȻȺʩչȴһ壬ͷͬһˡ
ԵĽͨͨҲȺʹãʱ̣ܶȫͬͨʩչҲμΪһ塣
Īǳͨһ
ͨͬһͨңƫعһͨ
뵽ͨ΢֤󣬾ԾͼȷʩչĵڶͨȷʵǳͨĳͨӦûдﵽϢϣȫͨȡ
һߣʶǺ֮ͨУһͨ
вһķ֪죬ڼʱڲ쳣ǲܼʱʹͨǺܻܿᵼԵĺ
飡ͨסͨĳ
С֣λ
ԵĽͨסԼĺͨһûκʧı飬෴һ˷ܡڴת
ƺѾԼɱ֮¡ûͨͳͨںʹãɱﵡƾֶΣܹնɱһЩ
ڵ񣬿ɲܹͨġ
ͨͨͨȴǼϮɱԡ
㻹ʱЦûзͨĴڡͨ۵ĽâѾ˾ԵĽǰɾȴ·Ȼ֪ûκεֵӡ
ʱ˿̣㾰ҪֵҲȫˡи߼˲伤֣Ҳֻƾ߼͵סԼĳͨԱɣ


1111 
ͨɫâ뾰Ѿܽ
룬ҪֵȷʵѾȫ߶Ҳ޷̫
ԣ϶Աɡ߼ԵסͨĽ⡣뾰Զս֮ǰҲ˽֮ǰʹùֶΣ֪Իһֽͨͨ
ھʩչͨҲܰѵĹ
վһһ·Ѿֿ
ЩΧ۵ߣĿתĿžԡڳˣͣ˶Ǻѵסһˡ
һЩϸߵģҲʩչͨ
հͨһǲע⣬ѷ֡
ǰտʼʱҶûע⵽ʩչͨԵĹ˺ͨܣһֳͨܲűԡ
Ȼ˳ͨ
صù֮ǰһֱû˵ճͨ
ǰʩչĳͨ´ﵽ˵ڶΡҲ˵ճͨʱ䶨Ȼ̡
׶༪ˡ
ţסһˡԵսȷʵ뺷úܡܵһʱͨͳͨô취ֵǣڿûܵһʱ䷢ֳֳͨͨںͨʱҪֵˡ
˭˵ǣһһ񾳽ߣսɱ̶ֳȣ
վ㾰սڽܳһʱǶס֡
ǺǣܼסãţҲͷɻˡڻкܶ˼ǵɼǧأ˭ǵˣ
ϧֻ˹ž
վʯûκζ˴ʱܿ񣬿¾ͲΪѾֿˡ
һתȫӭһ
ǿ
ҵĴ壬ӦǿԳȳ̶ȹġ˲䣬ԾʹԼжϳһдܣģԼֵһ᲻Σա
ȻˣҾԴ壬һɡת
ԵһʱͲ˳֮ͨûмֵѾҪԴ
Ӳ壬Եǿȣͬն죬λᣬ֤һ´Ŀ
ĳľ˾˾أüͷ
ûڿ˲㳡ȴսʼգڹע
ô£
ѵûвĳͨ
Σˣ
һҪСԣԲСɫأкܿнԾ
ף
ڹѾ׼ֵʱ΢΢һ¶֮ɫ
ǽɫΡص£ϸ΢ı仯ա
ؿԵ棬һ㵭Ľ˸âԹصͼʶȻֲ֡
Сӣϸֳɫ
壬СӵȻﵽ˴ĲΡ̫ˣСܰǧģǵǿʲô̶ȣ鲻Խ̾˵
尡
ڣǾʮ˾˾֮УﵽεģҲҲԼûдﵽĲΡ
Լ˴󣬹Цֹͣ˶ȻǴ壬ôһͲɱˡ
Ľ֮гͨĽɫţʱѾƽԵϡͨĹΣĹνӽһʱ䣬ûʲô˿ԵĴ塣
ͬעһսӣûע⵽㣬ԼĶӼɹɱԣעͷŵ˹صϣùػʱ̲뾰ԵĶս
ΪעתƣûмʱĿԼ塣
ţ϶Ȼûж΢΢üѵ׼¾ˣ
ⲻ԰
ӻǱȽ˽صģ֮ǰ϶ػ֣ǾԼУؾȻûгĶ
ӻں֮УʩչĽ⹥͵Ľȫס
ɣɣƣЪ˹
ԱеĻҪѶԸһܹǹȥˡڣǹز֣Ҳȳˡ
ۣ
Ըоܾ˵ܣѹԼ壬಻ɱ⣬ӿ


1112 
ʱľԣлΪŵġ
ȻԴģɱϾǵһʹô塣
һ֮󣬾ʲôĽҲܰٷְȷԣֻȫ߶壬ֵܿռӿɱϮ

Ƭ֮󣬾ɳһ
ԼԤϵȫסһûʲô⡣Ȼ˲ٴڿǳһܣôԼĴ壬ܳĽӡ
Աһ£Ҳ˵ȫһͨܣǴҲܵסǳȫǿܾͱȽˡ
⡭ôܣ
âʧ˶ΪԽữΪ촷ۣ𳹵۾ģȴǾ԰ȻվȻǱɫĳ
û
ôܣ
ôû
˶Բδʩչͨȹֶεֵһôλģ
ڳߣȫľŵĿųеľԡ
վھԶ˹һı飬ȫ֮УΪ𾪵ˣˡ
Զˡ
ûΪ񣬾վع
ͨʩչ
ʧԭأһ̣ԳĽǰ棬ɫâҫ
ûʹֵĲϼ֣ȭͷݺݵĸ
ʩչͨȭͷϣ˲ɵġѹʱĸѾӲ˾Եһȭ
һȭȻûκͨܣھԼʱȭͷ乥֪
һ춯صŭ쳹㳡
ţһɺ㽵֮ģӵӰڳС
ԵһȭҲһ޷ƥеȫͷų
ȻûȫͷųȭͷܣҲһĹϡһҽУ˵˳ȥѪӿ
ԿŸոӣûӣʱѾ³ǰ߾ĸף˾˾ӡ
ͲµӻעԼһսԼҪɱѶȱضһԼΣգ϶ȣӲŶӱɱ
ԣҪشҪһЩصֶΡԼֶأҪɹشҲĳɷ֡ڿԼ㲻
֮ǰӦûע⵽ԼĴ塣ע⵽˴壬ԼһȭͲ̫л䵽ϡ
ɳȥֻø緭һʹȫͿƲס
ĵˡ
Ϊ컪Ĳ֣һȭûȫϣһܣҲԴݻĵһȭȫͷųʱӦѾ͸˲Ŷԡ
ûм֣ӾǰٳֹҲûκ塣
Ӱһ̽һް΢һЩͷĵѾûתһ֣գޱȵŤ
СҶҪ״ֱһƬӰҪԵͷ¡
֣ôˣ
ˣ˵仰Ӱڳеͬʱӵӡ㱻һ紵ɢ
ĵɳһȲεǿߣԾԵסһܰȫ
أҪ𣿡ŭ죬ɫѿһŹأһһʵ
ֵĻЩ˷ѽⰡĶսԴ֪ͻȻ˵ĶսʲôأȻĸףΣգֽҲ⡣ǣԾԳҪɱԣҾͲˡҡͷ˫ü˵
ӵһ˫۾Ҫ
أСҶĵ죬ұɱҪңӴʱûκֻۣһͷǻɱԡ
Ǻǣ֣ľ˾ԱҪɱľ˾ԱѵӦøһòŷɣǾԲԹ۵ġصɫҲ
ˣǳ˺ˡ
أΪסңӴЦȫɱڡ
ԾӲԶɴͷųɱ⣬궼š
ϼһǿԽŵתͷ
׼ǿɱԼˣҲ֪ܲܵסӡ
ԣվߣǧҪܡضԾ˵һ䡣
ߣԲȫǾԶˣûо԰ձסԡ


1113 
˵صĸʵӡ
ǣΪʮ˾˾ΪԶ˺ҲȥɱҪɱԣֹֻֻܾܶɱӡ
ԣڹߣزܸñԡһԶˣӵʵҪɱԣȷʵѺ޲ֹ
صĻ̵ͷ
ԴʱԼĴڵʵܹɱߣھʮ˾˾ǰûеֵһ
ȻޱȣɵܵĴܳܵļޣôҲһ˲
ߣҵҪ㣬ɱСܵĹߣŤ
Ŀӣ޷͸ŤĹߡӵ壬ʧھԵҰ֮С
ÿµԺȻת
Һйӵǿߣ죬Լºӳˡ
ʱ㳡ܵڶΧߣһҲǳӡ
ԵʵԤ̫ࡣⳡս֮ǰûΪĶ֡ã˾ⳡսǾԽҪС
ɽأ
ȫ෴
ĸӼʱ֣ĽͲǵôˡϣȻܲң䱦ָܹġһָӵʵҲָ̻󲿷֣лָ۷ϣ
ȻȫָⱲҲһ;иΪ񾳽磬ӵĶ塣
ȱնɱԣĽȻ̫
˵ԺУڻطŸղһĻ컪ͨĽâǧȷĻ˾ԡȫƾס컪һ޷⡣
ǵȿµĹȻˣ˷˼
ʱûʱȥ˼Եôסһġ
˾˾ӣѾԾԷ˹
ֱӶһͷųԼ;Զڡ
Կڹ뾰ԵܣһƬһһ͵ֱҵӡԿһϣڳĹΪݹ˸ǳƵҲԡ
ɫĵ֮ڣ嫵ԴԴϵĲ䵽֮С
֣Ǻαأ
ţ񹬶겻ֹˣɱ˾ԣ¶ҲкܴĸӰɣһ߰ﾰԵֵ컪Ĺһ߶컪Ȱ˵
ߣҲŲôࡣСҶҪ컪ɱڡ
̾Ϣһ
ףɱɱ֣ľѾӵлָ˹ԾԵĺ⣬ҲŨ˼㣬˻𣬺޲ý̻
أܵҶãһ㣬ǰʱ컪ٴ˵
ַͨʽԣȷʵȽϺķ컪ɱصҲ塣ڵȴҪ֧һȫ汣ԣ˵ĵҪöࡣ

е
еڣ׵ࡣڴ룬һɫӰ
ɫӰ˫Ŀһһܡ
ͻȻ֮䣬ɫӰϣ˫ü΢һ£·һϸ΢ü
ڹеɫߣ񹬵ĹФӢʵƿߡ
ФӢ˫üϸ΢һº˫Ŀ
񣬺ܸӡƺһЩɻһЩŭڷŭ֮У·һ˿ĺȻƽȴк΢ı仯
ФӢεߣѾ飬ˡǴʱ˿̣ФӢ˺ܴĲ
ӽ̫ϳϾסƫ
ţӽͻȻӵһš
ˣӽֱ񹬵ĹˣԼѶ
ӽϣһЩ鷢ȥһˣǸоԵߴҡФӢº͵ֱӴӽԺ
ǣӽӦ
ԹĽеȻƵúܣԹ˵ķԸֻҪִмɣҪ̫ࡣ
ٴθӦһ£ӽ֪Ѿջأƫ˹ȥ
ˣҲע⵽˾ԣ
ˣ츳ȷʵΪ˵ãֻǡΪҪԣ츳˵ãɱϾĿǰʵܵ΢Ҳﲻùټĵزɣ
ĵɻӽ̫ϳٶȥ
һҵʱ䣬ӽ͵˵ͷţ򵥵֮̽ӽ֪ǰ˵ĵһЩ鵽ʲôˡ


1114 ̫
سܵѹԽԽ
Ծڹߣܸо˾ϢЩҡȥسķ֣ᱻơ
ô죿ҲԽԽ
һͷŵֱƣԼҪԵľӵֱӹ
ô죿
ѵǬСڣ
һǬСУԼ֮ˣ
򲻵ѣǲǬС硣ңǬСڻкܶ಻ܱ֪ܡЩܣϵشһȥѲ⣬ǹصõǬС磬Զܿ϶ضСڵıȫ˼
֮ԴĦʱеʯ飬Զ޼֮ǻ֮ԴЩεǿ߶ᡣ
˾֧Ų˶ˡ
ǰ˾˾ⱾͲǶԵȵĽң˾ҪֳȥԵİȫ
ţٹյʱ䣬˾ķֱضᱻơ
ԻҪնɱ
Χ۵УҲвм̤߼еǿߡǵǱȽϾ׼ġ
ϵЦݣԽԽԡ֪Լƹصķ֣ʱǾԵڡѾڿǣҪȥɱԣŰɱֱһ
ס֣
ʱУһͺͻȻ
ţӽ̫ϳϵӰ֮УҼٷж
˾ס֡ӽ˽Ͻλúٴο˵ӡ
ţ̧Ŀеӽɫαá
ӽȻס֣
ӽϣ⻰ʲô˼üʵ
˾ס˵ӽüĿҲ¶Ĳá
̫ϳϺ;ʮ˾˾ȣݵλϣûԵĲࡣ̫ϳϵݣ빬˽ӴԸһЩ
ǺǣӽûһɣҲͣ֡Цһ˵
ʵϣҲӽ񣬵ˣֻҧӲӽһ֣ס֣վڹغ;Ǳߵġ
غ;Լӽӽס֣жʱһϲǾԣǹϵԼ顣ӽ͹˳ֱԼʱ;ûлɱԼ
ӽ̫ϳϡԹ
ţӽԾԵ˵ͷ
ֿӣ˾Ҫϴǰ
ӽ˷̫ʱ䡣
²УС֮δôߣЩŭͷԣûʶӽ˵Ҫȥ
ȥʲô
һȥ
ǵڰ˹ʮ˾ܲĳԱûʸ񹬵ھŹ

ʱһɺƵޱߵһռ䡣
ţһɫӰϿ֮ڡ
ФӢ
Ӱǹ˵
ȻⲻФӢıˣФӢڼ֮ڣڵģФӢͶӰ
˾ӽϴġФӢͶӰӣƽ˵
Ӵˡ
еĶȻҲͣ˲Ϣ֮ɫǺ죬κˡ
ˣҪԣ
Ӹ֪λӦľګվ
ڣФӢͶӰ˵Ǿ仰֮󣬾ͻɢûеӻӦʲô
Сѣ߰ɡӽžЦЦ˵
ǣæ˵
Ҳ֡
ӳǲˣڹ˳ԲٶԾԶ֡
˾ˣлټҵ飬һԶԹع
ţȥɡصͷ˵
ӽ̫ϳϣžԣٷжȥ
㳡ܵڶߣһĿɿڴ췢飬ѾЩԺˡǾԷȻĸҪɱԣ˾ԡӽ̫ϳֽ٣Ҫȥˡ
ôܼˣ
˺εݣ̫ϳϣˣҲʱܼġڣФӢȴרӽ̫ϳϴžȥ
⡭Щλˡ
㳡ϵУΪεģɫһһףȻĿһɨȫݺݵһƺŤͷŶȥ

ϴˣ֪ңʲô£Ҳ
ȻʱӶԼûʲôвˣǹͻȻټҲǾʼδġӽ񹬣δФӢҪ˵빬֮ʲôˣڽ֮ǰʶ
ҲֻҴȥΪ£ҾͲˡӽҡͷ


1115 ʦ
ӽƺЩǣһЦ
뵣ʲôȻ֪Ϊ£ҸоӦòǻ¡ı˹˵Ĺעӽ˵һ䡣
лӽϿοæл
ԣķٶȾȻ֮죿ӽĿžԡ
ӽ֮ǰҲûע⵽˴ӵȺ߹ڰ˹ӽȻʶԵķٶȾǱмҪ첻١
ҵѧٶȱȴͬҪһЩ
ţյͨѧҲϵġӽ˵ͷ
ȷʵˣ֮ͨƾҵѧΪԵͷӦ
֮񹬵ھŹ
ھŹռŨ֮ޱȻԾϧ֮ڣҲ;ʮ˾˾Լλ̫ϳϵܹھס
ǰǼˡӽָ֣ǰ
ʱҲһԻ͵Ӵ󹬵ȻԶѾо֮ϴȻһܷǳµı
ӽ죬Ժ˳ͽ뵽֮ڡ
ˣѾˡ
վڹе֮⣬ӽ˵
ţԽɣФӢ洫
ԣԼȥɡӽߵľ˵
˵ĻþԽȥδӽе
뵽񹬵ƿߣͷƤҲЩ顣ڵΪ˾˾޷ԱλҪɱԼԼûκλĻᡣ
ȻٶҲáֻܣӲͷƤȥˡǸǻǻ㲻
̤е
սĵһۣͿڴ룬ɫ۵Ӱ
֪˾ФӢˡ
ˣԵͷʺ
ţɣФӢƽͣþ԰Ĳ١
ФӢºھԵǰԶƾնһתšţҲǷ
ûмƴǣߵŽǰϥ
ФӢȴûٿ˵һʱ䣬еڣóʣټԼʲôԸת󣬾ջǴѯʵͷ
ȻФӢ˵ԼҲ;ˡеġ
һʱФӢ΢ɲ˵ͷ
ԾԵı֣Ƚ⡣
ԣķǲһ񹦣ФӢͻȻ˵ôһ仰
仰ȴȫһ˫Ŀ֮УȻ֮ɫΡ
һʱ䣬˼
ô֪Լǲһ񹦵ģ
⵽ô£
һ񹦣δκ͸¶ôФӢ֪ģ
ФӢһ˵һ񹦣Ȼǰ֪ķ
þԵĵģФӢԼ̬ȡФӢȻ֪һ񹦣ô϶Ҳ֪ˡ
ФӢ᲻ʲôϸ
ԴδǣҲԲǡ
ˡ˼ЩңʶҪϣߣ˻ȥ
ĿǰӦȷķǲһ񹦡ȻˣԼΣ
ҵķȷʵǲһ񹦣ڵ͵õġԻһתԼķǲһ񹦡
ڵԼûѡֻһһϣλԼе⡣
ڵĵ͵磬ФӢϢ΢΢һ䡣
ֱ仯ϸ΢ԵעȫФӢϣоФӢϢ仯λĿйϵ
ڵĵ͵磬ȷʵһҲ֪𣿡Сĵʵ
Ȼ֪ʦı־֪ܲһΣФӢ˱仯
ܹФӢƺü
ФӢĻȴþЩ¡
ʦ
ˣȻФӢʦ
գ۾ФӢ
ԣҲõʦĴУʦĵӡôФӢʦ֣ҵСʦˡФӢǳһ£Ծ¶һ΢Ц˵
벻ФӢҡҡͷΪпСʦᣬѾ̤񾳽硣츳磬ҲǶġϧûеõʦָ㣬ٶȣӦûڸġ
ʱ򣬾ԴԼҲжϳԼλʦ֣ԼӦûжġФӢԼж⣬ǼǿȥأԶҲܲһЩФӢϣԸоκεĶ⡣
԰ݼʦ֣ԿվФӢĹ


1116 
Ĵ֮һФӢ񹬵ĹҲ˵ФӢ֮һ
ФӢʦֶԼûжǰ֮£һλǿʦ֣ھ˵ȻǺ£Ȼиˡ
Ҳû뵽񹬵ĹȻԼʦ֡Ȼʦ֣ͬһʦФӢʦҲ˲һ񹦣ô俴Լķǲһ񹦣Ҳͺˡ
Сʦܲö񡣡ФӢѹѹ֣ЦҲһЩ

ʦ֣֪ʦȻõʦĴУȴûмʦˣǿԣݼʦʵ
ʦѾɺܾˡФӢء
ɣԳԾ졣
ǰСʦ츳ܵõʦָ㣬ò˶ãܽΪ񡣿ϧСʦûлõʦָˡФӢ̾Ϣһ
Ҳϧ
Ȼûˣ˵ĹϵҲһݴСɵϢҲԽЩѹ
ʦ˼ôɣ˶٣ֵ
ʦ˰㣬ФӢ¶ŭɫ߿˵ȴȻֹ
ʵͣҪ֪ЩȽΪٸǡҲҪΪʦ𱨳ǵĳˣεĴڡɾ̸ФӢת˵
֮ϣ񡣳ԽεĴܣ类ΪҲΪ֮磬֮Ҳ޼ÿһ֮Ǵߡ
ʦ֣ǵʦҲ𣿡̧ü
ûʦһܡʦȻ֮Ƣºͣǫѷңʦϲͽ̵󱲣˶ܹʦĶݡФӢͷ˵
Ҳŵͷ
͵ͳеˣƷӦǺܺõġЩ˽ˣô̶ֳȣ
ФӢԣԶԼʦĳ羴
ͬʱҲһεѹʦȻεĴߣ磬¶ûʦĶ֡ôǸɱʦĳˣʵָжǿ
ԼҪȷʵҲǲʵԸҪΪʦԼʮǧ֮ԶҪΪ񣬶ǼޱȣҪ˵Ϊ֮ˡ
뵽ԼһӶԸˣҲΡ̾Ϣһû˵
ʦܣ֮ĳԹѾ֪֮ӵĵӱضǣлᣬضɱ㡣һӰж֣ԼԸӡФӢóһƴС͸ԡ
лʦ֡Խӹл
ФӢټԼȻͶϲҶԼ֡ǣӺôҲǾʮ˾˾֮һ밵лˣʲôֶΡФӢʦֵķӶʱھͶԼв
ԼҲ˸߼񣬾Ͳˡ
аʱ䣬ſռ佫Ὺʱùؽľ˾ſռ㣬ܽſռһΡſռʥأʣſռһΣм϶ûκ⡣˵ֱӴﵽ߼ľ硣˰ֺФӢ˵
΢΢һ
ſռ䲢˽⣬Ҳ˵֪ſռſһΣÿοле١ФӢʦַԼδлſռл룬ҲǰһſռĿʱ䡣
ʦܣ񾧿ȱФӢʵ
ʦ֣Ҳȱ񾧡мʦҪ׬ȡ񾧲ѡ˵
ФӢ⻰˼ԣǾȱ񾧣񾧸ԡ
˵ԼмʦȻ΢΢Щ⣬СʦܹȻ˲𣬾Ȼмʦʦ϶ҲΪʦܸˡţȻ㲻ȱ񾧣ҾͲ񾧸ˡǵԱԺһԸȥֱӽ߹
߹ʹȪˡ⣬ȻǺ¡
ӼѾʱ֮ӽ̫ϳϣȻڹе֮⣬Դ㽫͵

ԣΪʲô
СȻõĻȥˣѵĿСǱ
صӣһֱעеĶԴӹеһʱ͵õϢ
Ȼ֪ټԵԭ򣬵ĿǰοԾԣȻûκζġԾԲԾûκܴӹеȻ߳
뼰ˣӵһģҲء֪ԺԼҪɱԣѶԽԽˡ


1117 ָ
Ӿ԰Ȼ뿪еһ̿ʼ翴ФӢԾԵ̬Ⱦˡ
ӶԾԳʱͻȻӽϽԴڼ˼ʱȫȫβ뿪Щٶ۵ˣҲܿҪԡ
ӣȻҲһ㡣
жԾȻ죬ȴòɺʱѹΪԾ֣ǾڴФӢˡ񹬴ȥͲô
ФӢ񹬵ƿߣ񹬵ˣվ򶥲񼶱ǿߡ
ȣ
һлģҶ֮Ӻݺݵҧݣϣ֮ɫ
ѹźͬʱľ˾˾ǿ֮ǰЩΪԵġ
ӣ˺ˡҪԣȷʵЩ˵ܱסһʱҲܱסһҪȾԳɳܹӶսʱǻ֪Ҫá
֮ڹ˳֮ǰǷǳֵġڣһеΪ֮Ͷˡ
ϼһٶԾ֣ûɱԡӣ֮ڣԾԲϲˣҲضҪС˼
񹬣
ԣҾ㵽ˡӽЦݿžԡ
鷳ӽˡתӽ˹֡
ҿʲôǵõѡο˵ʱһμ㣬Ҿ;ͬһ㣬һдǰ;ڿҵ۹⻹ǲġӽ˵
ǺǡЦһ
ˣҾͲ˵ˣǡӽ˵ţתصھŹ
Կӽ뿪Ҳٴתľ˾ׯ԰ȥ
ľ˾˾ɼԻʱ¶ϲɫ
ԣˣɿӭǰ
ǰоգƽЦ˵
ͺãͺáɵͷ
ڹټΪ£ûжʡĲΣЩˣЩ²ʵġ˵뾰ԵĹϵԶûܵʲô˵ĳ̶ȡ
ȻˣԻŻԵĸеˡ
һ֮Ҳͷֿ
֮󣬵߹˲²ĸ߲ľ˾ׯ԰߹ԱƣĽԵСԲҪͨ߹ˣֱӾͳ񹬵߹Ա
ʱԽ߹
ԳΪ߹ԱϢȻ󲨡
ˣԾԣǿذ
ǰȻ˶ҪμӣֱӾͽΪ߹Ա
˼ҾȷʵҲͲȴܻǿߡμӵ߹ˣҲͨ
컨ˣӵλ˵λ컨ǰʮߣԵСǰˣһѾǧˡ
ǰվͷò˶ãŵ컨һˡܰռǧ֮ðɣ
ڣ۷׷ס
ۺˣȻҲ١ۺҲûã˭֪˶žԣ붯ԣǾ빬˹ȥ֮У빬ȥǲԼ
õ߹ԱƵĴգԾ뿪˵߹Ȼľ˾
繬ФӢ˵һڵ߹ľ˾ԿʹȪ˵Ȫһǧꡢһ꣬Ҳȫԣ˵ʲô
Ȼ߹ľ˾֮ڣĿǰҲ;һˣźĳԱõҲһȪĸ¶ѡ
߹ľ˾׼˼󣬱̤Ȫʼ
ƵҩķȵȣȪ֮ڽСƵҩʱԲתĦʱʱĦʱһֱתάʮʱ١
ʮ¯浤õʮżĵҩ
ʮ¯浤ƣþٴʮεʯ顣ϻʣ࣬ʮεʯ顣
Դ㣬ʱڲټƵ浤ʣĵʯţԱʱ֮衣
赤һģһ߳۲ֻȡ񾧡
ʱһһһȥ
ʮ󣬾Խ񾳽硣ʮ󣬾Դﵽľ硣
Ħʱ£ʱ䣬Լٶӡ
ԵԴѾɱΪ
Դﵽ֮󣬾ԼԴñԴɣɱԴȴʼղܼɱ䡣ʮԴɣñԴɱΪ߼
ȻôͨԴ֮󣬱ԴܵԽԽǿ
֮⣬Իķѽӽһ񾧣һߵȷ


1118 ÷
ߵȷеȷ۷к۸Ҳǳеȷʮ౶
ȾԵĴ˵ǸߵȷķҲʲôԵĴ壬ܳǸȫεġιȫֵǰ֮¡
˵վһҲת˿ȫƾͿԵסȫǡȷԲǷܹġ
ЩУҲγԼĴһĵϲ٣Чȴ⡣ȷʵǳѣ˵кԴУҪдԵ
ԵҲǿҲǿ󲻵áԵˣȻˮɡͺӲ壬ȻȻ
ھԴﵽ۷ʱ򣬾ֹͣ
Ҫͻƣ̤񾳽磬Ѷȼ󣬶ʱڸң浤Ҳĵòˣʮŵ浤ֻʣ°˿š˿ŵ浤ȫ̷ҲûκΰܽԼľ
ңҲҪһЩʱȹԼľ硣һζȫǺ¡
ԣڴﵽ۷󣬾ԾͳȪ
ſռ俪ʱ䣬ӦòԶˡſռ俪֮ǰʱԲڳʱչء
ԪǱߡȥˡ
ôʱӦû˲񾧵Դ
룬Գľ˾ׯ԰ǰҰԪ䡣
ЩԪǱߣҲԴݹѶϢûʲô£òļд
ܿ죬Ծʹӵ߹˵һ֮С
Ҳ֪÷ڵһ²ôˣԶס塣
÷òھԺ֮С
Ըոս񹬣׼μ񹬵ѡοˣҲǸʱ򣬾ʶ÷ࡣ
÷඼ͨѡοˡ²÷һݻ㲻Ĺ֮󣬾ԾҲûм÷ࡣʱ䣬Ҳһٶˡ
ȥ÷࣬˳һЩԴһȽˡ
ھУ÷һѡ
һ²
£һ²£Խǰһ䡣
µĿ⣬ھͣ˺һᣬþ죬ʲôط
ҵ÷ࡣ΢Ц˵
÷ࣿŶ÷ʱȷʵңǱߣֱӹȥˡָһ򣬶Ծ˵
Ϊþ죬ԾԵ̬Ȼ
лԹ˹֣˳Źָķ򣬿첽˹ȥ
һ䣬ȻҵӣӦķ䣬ǵһ²ҡ
ھԵӰʧ֮ںָ·Ĺ£ͻȻ͵ȫһɫ˲Ǻ
ǡλѵǾԴˣµһ䣬΢΢
ľԣɲһ㡣˵ڣж˲֪Ե֣
£Ҳȷʵһ档ԡ޴÷²Ұͬϵʱǡüһ档
ʱȻԣܲ
˵ǾǴǷǳǳǵһ²ĲھǰǶԲκε
һ²Ҳһ߼ѡأǿǿߣ߹ǿߡ
ҵ֪ͨͬϡ¼Ҵתͬȥˡ

ߵ⣬΢פ㡣
δ÷ͻȻң᲻⣿
ͣЦ⸡֡˵÷ҪȾԴ٣Ծԣ÷һֱƺΪԸ硣
󣬾ҡ
Ŀһɨұӳ뾰Ե÷ӰҲھԵ֮ͫС
ʱ÷࣬һž޴ӱԵǰѻɽĵЩѻý÷˶档
֮ڣھԽ֮ǰҲֻ÷һˡ
һ²λȻߣɾǵһ߹²æġΪһࡣң²֮УΪæµһط
һĻԲü
ôֻһæµɫһЩ
÷ҵݹ㲻ڵһ֮УԱõĹɵáǣڿĹҲ̫æˣ÷໹жʱ
Ϊ̫רעڷվ˺һᣬ÷Ȼûз֡Ķܿ죬һݷļ鰸úܣɼݹ
÷࣡Գˡ
ǲһʱʱ÷඼̧ͷˡ
÷˽Լ̧֣ͷЩãȻվǾ֮󣬲һ¶ϲ֮ɫλ϶Ȼվ


1119 Ҳ
ٶǰԸոս񹬵һμ÷ʱ÷һ񾳽Ϊһٶʱȥ÷Ȼһ񾳽Ϊ
Ȼͨ߶ԣһҲһ׵顣÷񹬲һٶʱ䣬ûҲ
Ը磬ôˣ÷ྪϲ˹ϵĺξþòɢ
Ҫһˣ˳㡣㻹ðɣЦ˵
ҺܺõģһΪԸ罫ء÷¶ݣԸ磬˵㶼񾳽ǿߣģ
÷һֱȽϹעԵϢڵһҲܴ̽һЩԵϢȻݵλõϢ̫ܡң޷ȷϴжʵԣԱϾܻп֮
ȷʵѾ񾳽ΪԵ˵ͷѾ۷徳硣
̫ˣԸһ񹬵ġһһ񣬾ԸȴѾ̤񾳽ˡУԸ綼߸ϵĴҲûңңˡ÷ͷžԡ
Եĸеˡ
÷࣬ҵĹǳæµĿɨɨܡ
ҲرæӦġ÷˫üᶯ˶˵
ҿλΪֻһڣ÷ϸ΢仯Կ
ڵԲ
һ²ҵĹأԲֻһЩɽһļ
ŶҲֻһˣбˡ÷Щµĵ
أԼʵ
ˣڸպ飬Ӧúܿͻ÷һ˫üԸ磬ͦõģ˶ۺݹġ
æʱԼ÷ʵڲ˵Ҳת˻档
ãÿʮʱֻҪ˸ʱʱ䣬ҶɰţҿЩʱ÷ЦЦ˵
˸ʱ
ˣ⹤Ҳաҡҡͷ߰ɣҴȥͬ˵һǲˡ
ôУ÷ѿڶ
֪˵ǣݹ͵ò񾧡һߣÿĻ񾧽ǳ
÷࣬Ҫĵ񾧣㲻Ҫġ񾧣кܶ࣬˵һǸ߼ʱĵ񾧶˵Ҳʲô԰ڰ˵
ⷬȻǿţЩءԾԵ˵Ǹ߼񣬾ǵͼĵ񾧣ԹӦҲû⡣ûµʱһ¯赤ǾǼ񾧵档
÷졣
÷࣬ʲôʱһ˺󷽴
˵ģһòŮߣ񾳽Ϊ
Ů˿÷࣬˫ü֮Уһʵ˼
˭ôôң÷;δڣŮˣֽĿھԵϺʵ
÷ѡĿŮˡ
÷࣬𣿡ŮٴתĿ÷ࡣ
£Ըҵġ÷ͷ˵
֣
÷࣬˵㣬ҹʱҲ˰ɣ²ʲôط˿ģѵ֪ĹأŮٺܿ졣
࣬²£Ҫģһ顣÷ֱ࣬Ͻ
ԴʱҲܿ÷ƺЩηŮˡ
ҡ÷ҧҧ촽
Լġ΢΢Ц˵
Լģ
ߣ㻹Ͻȥסˣ²ң˵Ȳڡ࣬ĵ
²£ҲһȨƽʱȷʵвҪͽ
ڵһЩͨĳԱ˵ˣҲܵġ
ҡҡͷҲ˾
÷࣬ߡԶ÷˵
Ѿ÷ѹȡ÷̬ȣǳѺãֻǰ÷ûѡ
ȻԼιˣ÷ȥݹǣԼ΢һЩԴ÷࣬÷ʹúܳһʱ䡣
ߣ
ߣ﹤ôæµôߣ
ţ÷࣬ôģĸʱ㶼һЩʲôЩļôû鵵ü
ûʶ˵÷ȥݹ
һֱģֻļ̫࣬һʱꡣ÷һ䡣
㻹ҽƱ磿ǿǰͬϰŹģͽϳȥˡ
ףôûȥֿԡ
ŮˣǿɶúܣҲһʶȴͱˡĪǾҺ÷۸ɣҲһ˿
Ϊ˾زһС飬ȷʵҲ̫ں


1120 Դ
緽š
Ѿ¶÷ѣҲֻǴ÷뿪ǣȴûûˡ
ϣһûǹȻһȡӻ治СǰҲ˷÷࣬㲻͵͵һҰˡҰҵǲܣ㽫Ұ˴Ϲ㣬ͲСɶлҲϴܣ˵
£ô˵÷ɫЩס
̫࣬ˣΪи۵ġԵҲȫ˵
༷Լ䣬ԿԲں÷࣬þԶŭ£ôˡ
´ˣ
ʱм˴˽
һɨ⼸ˣӦöҵĹԱ⼸ˣӦþ䲻ԶǸڷ䣬Ŷһ
ôһŭʢˡ
࣬ȷʵ÷ࡣҵĹԱʱڳģ뿪ֻ÷࣬÷Ҫһȥ˵Ĺ
ʵϣҲȷʵˡ
࣬ȷʵ÷ࡣ
Ҫ˵Ϊ÷࣬뾰ԻһĹϵ
ͬϽ÷లŽʱ÷໹ǺܲģЩֺ÷࣬Ϊͬ÷Ŀɽͨò֪÷ͬϸͲʶ֮ͬΪ÷ҰһݹҲܱ˵и
һ÷㲻ôˡҲûп÷ࡣϾ÷ͬ˵ϻˣˣܹǵġԵ޹ʣҲȥˡ
ʱƣͷ֣Ǹ÷ˣȻû÷ࡣ÷һҹҲûʲôǣô÷ĹϵҲܡ
˳ˣ뵽֮ǰֺ÷࣬;÷ǳܡ÷࣬ͷѻ
ټ÷ò㣬񹬵һҲһһŮĵط˵УмΪߣ÷ﰵʾĽ֮⡣
ʼɵ˼ˣ÷ҲԽԽûк
䵽ʱ䣬䱾ˡ
Ϊ밲һ˽ҡ˹Ѿ٣ƽһҲȽ鷳ǣܽҵˣȥһɽ
÷ϡ
쾰Կཫ˶˳ȥֻ÷һҹҲ÷˵ŴӸڷô¡
ڣ
СӣҲ·ͷ
ðҺڲڵǲ֪֪ϾҪˡֺĿžԡ
÷࣬Υ²ҹ涨Դ˽ңȰ˵Բ֪ڸģһὫϱϣ͵ŽܴɣߣԺ޷﹤ˡЦ˵
²һ䡣
ʲô
ˣûͬϣµɫһ
Բῴһٶ֮ǰҼԴˣԴһٶǰûʲô仯·ǳƶ˵
ţӦòˡ㷽˵ȥңȥʲôŶˣˣһ÷ˣ뾰Թϵһ㡣ͬţȥңȥҲˣϢ߲ˡ
Եݣ̫ͬˡһ²ھǰǵ˺üΡǲԳ棬Ҫġ
ǣӦһȥ²ǡ
ͬϣԼķҸȥ
ৣ
Уĭɵʱ򣬰ͬ˽
ͬңٴӼӹھԵϣ϶ʱ¶Цݡ
Ҳ˰ͬ
԰ͬӡǲġԼ˾ǰͬټϺһЩ飬˵ǷͬһС顣
ͬϣһʺ
üͷһ塣
СӣȻʶͬϣô£
ԴˣͬȶԼּæƫƫԾԼ
Ըոս񹬵ʱ뾰ԶԱȣͬݿ϶ھ֮ϡڣ˵ݵλѾȫߵˣǵ߹ľ˾Ա˵˶ھмӡʵ񾳽磬ͬһ߼
ԲôȽϣھǰи̬
ͬ˵ĻĶǳȻ
ǣ⿴УУǿɾǱһˡ
⵽ô£
ͬϣΪҪ񣿶ǹ񣡾ԲˣҲ˰ЩҵţЩɵˡ


1121 Ǩ
УһɲõԤС
÷λѣܴܿͷԼղŵ̬ȣֻ»˲׷ŹԼ
һƽ뵽ԼҲк̨ģĺ̨²Ȱͬϵλͬ͡ΪԼְҲô׵ģԼˣؼʱ̱ض˵
һ˼ǣɫÿ˲١
Դ÷ģͬ˿÷ֿ࣬˵
ǡԵͷ
ͬж÷ҲЩĽԾݵλȻԸ÷ࡣɴ˿ɼ÷ھлǺзġ
÷࣬ҵĹðɣͬЦһ䡣
ͬҰ÷లݹ󣬵ҲǴδĹʼͬҲ˽÷Σʱ÷໹Ǻܺõģ԰ͬҲͷˡ
ںͬ²ĳϣƽʱҲȽ϶࣬ԽҲͽ÷鵭ˡ⣬Ҳְܹͬϡ
ʵ÷ﲢ̫ãҸղŹʱңֻ÷һæš÷໹û˵Ծȿ˵
ţͬ΢΢һ䡣
Žʱ򣬾͸оЩһʱô˵вһѵңΪ÷ࣿ
£ô£Ұ˹ôֻ÷һ˸ɻͬʵ
ͬϣֻɺϣŸպ˶ʱ£Բ÷һ˶šƱ硣
𣿡̫ͬĻ
˵ô£ֿͬҵˡ
ˣɫ̫ÿ˵ʵǿ϶Ҫࡣ˵ʵڵƺЩӡЩСм䣬ԵЩⲻˡ
ͬϣҲôˣҴ÷ȥ²Ĺ
ٶ˵һ䣬ƷԺܲԽ˵һ䡣
ƮƮһ仰ϵ̡²Ĺ£ǲܵˡ
ˡ
࣬ڿʼͣһйɡͬȻ˵
ͣȻȴһĴ
ͬϣôϹذɣ༱ˡ
벻Ϊ˵ĻôзƮƮ˵ôһ䣬ðͬϣֱֹͣһй˼нһĴѵҪɨسţԲС
Դˣ
⣬һ
ţһɫߣ첽˽
ˣǵһ²Ĳ˵²ϸ˹
Ŀһת㿴ڰͬԱһϮɫ۵ľԡ
Դˣλ²ҳͬһԣһ¡
ԴˡҳæԼ
ҳ񡣡԰ֵ
࿴ˣԾԹһģȫĺ̨Ҳһλ²ĳϡղܳס̾λϡڣˣôĻλ̨ϣܰ˵
˵˭
˵ʲôݣΪΰͬˣмӣѵһĺ󱲣
ռСЩӵԴ˺βƲ˵ҳ˿ܿ˵
ιǿ÷࣬ûֻû뵽ǴҳͰͬϡҡҡͷ
һ£Ͳයˡҳλ÷ߣҵѣǰһֱҹڣҲˣԺһ÷һ뿪Զҳ˵
ŶΪΣҳ΢΢һ㶡
ţע⵽÷ࡣ
Ϊԣݣ϶رע÷ͨߡ˾ԵĹϵ÷࣬Ͳͨ²ԱԴˡ
Զ÷̬ȣ˹ϵ»Ϊ׽÷²Ҳṩһ뾰׽ͨ
˵Ҫ÷뿪²ʱҳҲЩˣͬʱҲЩڣΪʲôûһЩյϢ֪÷뾰ԵĹϵ϶÷رչˡ
ˣ÷񴦴ԡԴ˷˵Ʒ⡣ͬ򵥵˵һ䡣
ͬôһ˵ҳ˲˹Ŀ⣬һ˿⡣
÷εһ²¶´ࡣڿʼ÷Ϊ£ҡҳֱһ
Կ˿ҳҲֱ̫÷ܾ÷Ϊ£ƺҲ÷ฺңӦòҪʱڡĻӦþͲ̫ܵӰ졣


1122 ͨ
Կҳǲ÷뿪һ²
÷࣬Լôģ뿪Դ뵣ģҪκѹҵ񾧺ܶࡣ㲻ҳԲǿġԿ÷ࡣ
Ҫ÷Լ˼ѡ񣬾Բܴ÷
ҡһ÷ಢδ̫ԥ
÷ԣҲ˵ͷ
÷༴Ժ²ҲΪ÷ࡣ÷࣬ҳһͲӦ
ҲáԵ
ҳһ÷Ը£˵ȻܺáԺ뾰֮䣬Ͷһ÷ΪŦȻʱҲûʲôطҪ뾰ԳæԺ˭˵׼˵һ죬޷
оɽڣûǾ޷ֵġ
ʱ࣬ˣһֱֹԵ˭
ͻȻԺһ硣
ĪǡǸԣ뵽һ֡
һٶǰŽ񹬣Ѿǵ߹ԱҲ񾳽ǿߡ
һ£÷Ҳһٶǰ񹬵ġһ£һɺӽŵֱϴڡ
ǸˣôͬϺҳ̬ȣȫܽ͵ͨˡ
İûڣļ䡣ڣһٶһֱ÷УôڣҲϾŴ
ֻǣϣͬҲûкҩڡˣûصĿˡ
Ը÷һЩ񾧺͵ҩԴҶ÷࣬ԺʲôһҪʱͨѶʯϵ󣬾Աͬҳǣ뿪˵һ²
ųǣԪ䡣
֮󣬾ִԪ䷵񹬣ȻҲͿԴԼһݴ˻ԴþԺ⣬񾧣һ񾧾жʮ֮ࡣ񾧿ĿǰΪֹһ붼ûпꡣ
ԪķչҲܲȻĿǰΪֹ֮ڳȥ֮⣬ûеڶ񾳽ߣǸ߼ȴǱһٶǰһ
Ҽ죬Ź񾳽ߵū
ūǷǳģԪʵūҲ̫ѹ
ص񹬺󣬾ûٽ۷壬Ҫ̤񾳽ȽѣϣȽ⡣󲿷ֵʱ䣬ͨ
ʱһȥ
ڹ˶ʮĦʱʱ¾ǹ˶ٶ꣬Գɹһµͨ
ͨ
ԣͽͨվǬС֮ڡ
תھܵĿռ䣬Ȼһ䡣
Եܣռһ£һµͻȻ͵³³ǳǿ󣬾Ըо񾳽ߣһСģܵǳصӰ졣
ͨȻǹͨڶԵеʱͻȻʩչڳ䲻£ǶԶֶԣġ
֮ܵӰ졣޷ѡ
Ҳ֪ǲǴҸоߣҪá⻹ǵһǵڶ˵أ
ͨǴﵽ˳ͨķɣԲϵʩչͨͨԺ⡣ͨǾһɱﵡ
ͨͨһͨͨҲĵȴΣһԼĸӦͨӦƷԽͨȵһͨĳͨ
ţ֮лᣬʹʦ֡԰ת
ʱţֹʮңԵͨɹﵽ˵
ͨҲǵЩͨһֱûĽͨǿɾɱɳͨˡеѶ̫󣬲һܳɹɱģվԵĸӦҲǧǧԼýͨ
һգԤ춯ԸӦԴǬС˲
߳䣬ͿԺ߽ˡ
Ϊ׵ˣǹ˾ڹļУһǵ߹ľ˾˾˵߹ľ˾˾֮⣬оûİˡ
˾ȹ֡
ǺǣλǾֵܡضû˽ֿܵԣֵܣλľ˾˾ִ¡
˾ִ£æ뾰Թּ̬ȺܿԣҲ̻
ľ˾˾ִ£Ҳмεߣʵǿ
΢֮󣬹ر˵¡
ԣſռ伴ι˵˵ſռ顣ɫ˵
Ŷһ
ſռ䣬ڴˡչʦֵ˼ܽſռһΣǾͿ̤м񾳽һͻƵ߼񾳽硣


1123 ܴ
ǰФӢʦּԵʱᵽſռ佫ڰ
ʱ䣬ȷʵǲൽʱˡ
λ룡кؼ˽뷿䡣
ÿſռ俪Ǻٵģľ˾ҲֻһſռĹ̶йԴкôľ˾ſռûʲôϣ䵽Եϡ
صȺ뾰Եķڣ½¡
ֵܣſռʥأȪܹġǣſռÿο̫˽Сչ涨ľ˾һΣҲֻһſռ֮ǰ˴Ѷң˼ҽſռ㡣ºֱӾͿڶԾ˵
⵽صı飬ЩȻвɣѵ˾̫Ը⽫Լ
Ծã֮ĹϵӦûԼϵһ죬ӶԼ֣زϧ컪˺ҲҪԼԿûݶ顣
˾ÿſռ俪һжܽ˼תת㿪ʵ
ÿζһʮ˽ſռ䡣˵
ֻһʮܽ룿ü
ֻһʮȷʵе٣ѹľ˾ֻһſռ
ǰҲûа취飬ſռһؾ˶ȫƿءһʮˣѾǼޡٶһˣ޷롣ſռ䣬ά֣˶û취ı䡣̾
ôһ˵Ծˡ񹬲ø˽ſռ䣬Ǹ޷ø˽ſռ䡣
ľ˾ֻһ̶˾أԵͷֵ
ˮ˾˾ʮ˾һһٶʮʣʮǵҪ񹬳ԱԼȡؽ͵
ʮǾһǳҡʶĵ˵ͷ
Ǽ伤ңڰ˹˾ִ£ʮ߹ľ˾˾ӿ˵
ֵܣ˵ʵұǲ뽫ľ˾ָ㡣ǰοſռ䣬ſռһΣǽ߼ļʻǺܴġֻǵͼ񣬽ſռ䣬ֻҲǽм񡣡ҡҡͷ˵
仰ԻȻ׹ɫΪЩȻˡ
ǹФӢĴѶǹȷʵû㽫ԡ
ԵأǸľ˾һ츳׿Խľ˾кܴʵһ߼
Ϊ⣬ԾҲûжԹزκεĲܿϲĽԼ뷨߾ԣ˵û˽ģȷʵΪ׳ľ˾
ֻΪòԡι֪ͨ׼ڰ󣬽ſռ䡣
˾֪ᵯ룬ſ˵
ʮᣬʱҺڣѾʼһǳһµʱ䣬ѿʼ˼죬жʮֹ롣ſռĳԱ͵ڳˡ˹ң˽ͨ˵ĳԱҪͨ䶷ʮؽ˵
ôҲᵯһ˵
ʲô
ԣҪᵯ
ؼˣɫ΢΢һ㶡仰ȫ˹ؼ˵Ԥϡ
˶ԷҪؽԣҲ˵ѹûκαҪȥμⵯᡣ
ؼĻǣⵯᣬǷǳײСʱ򣬽в֡ԣʲôȥʮ
ǵģԿЦЦ
ԡؿЦʮҪһѶ̫̫ˡ
֮˵Ըûлһ
ǰľ鿴û񾳽Ϊûϣõ߹ľ˾˾һ䡣
˾ִ£Ҳεı鿴žԡ˾ִ£Ҳ׼μӵᣬˣ񾳽Ϊ
֪ѣһɹأҳɹһǾͿԸľ˾óһʧܵĻǻʹľ˾Ц˵
ԵȻҲ˽ġ
ſռ䣬˵ǳҪԲܰװ׷λᣬᵯʧܣҪʹľ˾Ĺ̶ºսſռ䣬ԶضҪġλᣬǻ֪ҪȶãԼܴﵽ߼Ρ


1124 
ܶһΪľ˾ڳһ̶ȻõĽʧܣǶԾ˵Ҳûʲôʧ
ôһ˵ؼ˾ˡ
ҲáֵǾˣԺ롣ᵯʧܣľ˾̶ſռ䡣ص˵ͷ
Ȼң˵ΣգԹûж࿼ǣͬ⾰ȥᵯ
ֵܣľ磬ǲˣ߹ľ˾˾žԣһ䡣
Եľ徳硣ԼһָоȰٶǰԵʱ򣬾Եƺøǿˡ
غ˾ִ£ҲһӽĿⶢھԵϡ
һٶ꣬ҵȷʵһЩѾΪˡûͷ˵

ˣ¶𾪵ɫ
һٶǰԻһ̶һ꣬ʹһﵽ񾳽磿
ܱܲôף
Ǻǣа˼ǧ꼸޷һ磬ֵһٶ꣬硣߹ľ˾˾Цһ˵
Ȼ֪ʵʱ䣬һǧꡣ֪е浤񵤸л֮Դ
ʮǰԾ۷ˡΪȹ̾磬Ƶ浤ǿͻƣھԺܿѾ̤м񷶳ˡ
Իжʮεʯ飬һֱûٶá
߹ľ˾˾Ҳ񾳽硣ڵľ磬ֻһˡվٶȣ㲻ſռ䣬ǿҲҪܴ꣬ﵽΣһľ硣
Ƭ̣Ըȥ

ſռ䵯ϢҲܿ񹬸߲֮д
̫ˣ
ԴҲᵯ
˵Ըؽľ˾̶Ȼȥᵯߣȡ֮
ǺǣҲ±ЦһȺм䶷һͼһ붼ٵû
߹ڰ˹ھŹвټڽԵ
ǰԾûжӡˣڶԾԣҲһЩõ
֪˶Ծмӣ˽ļ˾ͻù˲
Ǿʮ˾˾֮УԾԵ۾͸ࡣˣſԵЦ뾰϶ļˣǵ𣬽һĲֵ
ʱ׾Թ϶ʱһζ
һգٴҾԣԽԴھŹ
ſռ䵯ĵص㣬ڵھŹ֮ڡᵯߣǺܶ࣬ɸм񡣻ȫΨһĵͼҲ;һѡ
شžԹĿⶼɨԡ
ЩĿ⣬䵽ϣеɻеĲмеıģеĳζ
ЩĿ⣬Եǻ벻⣬ڹߣ·ûвЩ
ʱһȺ˴Ӽ򣬻ж
Ϊ׵ˣȻǹФӢ
ФӢǼ֮һȺĳϣӽ˶С
ФӢҲ֪ҪᵯԴˣûзκοҲûѯʻѯʾԡ
ڹ˵󣬱̫ϳϿʼμᵯĳԱڶչ̫ϳԱ롣
ФӢҲû˵κλ֮Уչֱۡӿռ䡣
ʱ󣬴ؾҵ
ԿФӢ·Բǧ֮ڵĵ棬ǻҺ塣
һĹâӵڶǷԲǧ׵ĵ棬תһʼתٶȻʱƣתٶԽԽ죬յʱ󣬾γһֲɫС
ɫâ֮ڳ
ȥԿ֮ڣǺζ
ԣǾ㿴ûУ飬Ȼƥһ񶼵סĹضԾԵ˵
ţɢȷʵܿ¡Եͷ
һֻ֮Ҫʱ伴ɡھ֮ڼʱԽãõĻԽ󡣡ȻþԶõĻãǶԡ
һܳɹأ
סٴεͷ
󷨿вμᵯ񹬳ԱνС
һ󷨵ǡһλȫ
Ǿʮ˾˾еһλִ£Ҳһ񾳽ߡ
ڸº󣬳ŭһ֮С
˸ʱ󣬳ӰǱķɳ


1125 Եı
񾳽ĳھ֮ڣֻ˰˸ʱѡ
ʵ
ɳӰڿԵЩǱǱһӲ׷ɳֱԶԶĵطסΡ
ڳĴһԵĿҲڳϡʱĳɫѿְֻ˸ʱ䣬ſռ䵯Ӧûлˡ
׷ɳ󣬽Ÿгڶ˵֣ȺУ̱һɫӰˣڴڵıֻ糣ʱ䣬ɫҰ׵ɶľֻ񣬱ȳҪһ硣
ԭΪᵯ䶷̻ڿٶȣֻһʱ䶼ҪʮͿȫȷ
Ÿ
ʮһ
ĸ
߸
ʮŸ

˽ȻֱƳļʮ֮Уɼõһ֮ڣʮʱ䣬ˮ˾˾һִ£ܴ
Ҳ߾ԣѾӽΣܽſռ䣬дϣ̤߼񾳽硣
ӹؿУԻõһϢǣھڼֳʮʱ䣬ϣһܼʮʱ䣬ǻϾܱ֤һ
ԿžֳĺɫУҲûס
ӦҲ֪ľܡԣԼֶܼãͬûκεİա
ԵսȻǿЩ񣬾ԻûԴΪԼЩǿܶࡣЩ֣ȷʵûκΰգܻЩˡ
񾳽磬Ͼֻǵͼ̤񾳽磬ǾԵİյǻһЩ
ûʱ䣬Ѿ˽󣬶гɼõһʮʱ䡣
һ󣡡
ٴ쳹ȫ
гԼ֣Ȼһһգеս⣬ȻǿܽΣԾãԼӦý߾ȫһ
ֵܣҲѹͺáض׼ľ˵
סԵ˵ͷ建
ͬʱһĿ⣬ٴ䵽Եϡ
СҪˡ˾˾ӣɭɭĶžԣ˵
Ǻǣּ֪ܼʱ䡣һλ˾ЦЦ˵
ͼ񣬺ڴмֳʱ䡣һλ˾ҡҡͷ˵
λСѣһֱŵúܡ˾˾һ
˾˾ԾһЩġ仰ʹз̵ζ
Щĳϣͬžԡ
ӽϣ΢ЦԾԵ˵ͷ
λǾþڴڵıֻΣӽԵλϣЦſʵ
ӽϣĪþܶһһϿӽʡ
ǿϾǵͼ񾳽硣һϹЦ
ǿɲҪСԣСһԴӽ񹬣ǲϸǴ;ϲ˵ڣҲо˵ıŶӽһ
ʵϣӽҲΪܶһſռĵ
ҪһҲҪڴڼʮʱϡɾֻǵͼ񣬾վ̫ˣʱ䵹ǿܣʮʱ̫췽ҹ̷ˡ
ԵĶ֣ɶǧˣȥʮеѶȣǷǳġ
Щ̸Ц֮УѾٷ֮ڡ

һ룬Ծ;һ
ܵĿֲѹþԼһ͸ĸоȵĻԪأ·ҪƤڡ
Ǵ壬оܡЩѰߣֻ֮Уֻ¸Գܡ޷ֵֻתռڵĻԪظ
Ҳ߶棬ſһϡת󣬾ԶʱѹСࡣ
һ̣Ծ͸оԶһɫӴӰӣԼ˹
ۿãԶԴ˵ûκ⡣ɫӴӰӣսޱȿֲ
úãԴһ
ϼֶǰɨ
ſڣ·ҪɵȻ֪ľ֮ǰֶѹǷǳ޴ġ
ɫĽ⣬׼ȷлɫ
ǣһ̺ܵĽ⣬ȴûжԻʲô̫ЧӦ֮£Ҳֻٶ΢һЩ


1126 ͨ
𣡡ŭ
Ҳǻۣһǡ
һɱϣȻûʲô˺ҲǳķŭҪݺݵǰС㡣
ͨ
ԿԼһֻ΢˻ٶȣͷ΢΢һ𣬶æʩչͨ
ԵͨѾﵽ˵ڶЧȵһǿ󼫶ࡣڻ˺ҧ֮ǰԳɹ˻ĺ󷽡
Ȼʽ򵥣һﻹѲúܡ侲ת˼
ʲô
Ȼô
ھĿע£ٶȵΡǳӴ󣬿ɶȴǳԸûиʱ˼ѾͷٴεǰԶ
æٴλӳһ⣬ͨʩչһܣնڻϣЧһ˲٣û壬΢ͣһ¡
֮ǰͻٶȣӦ²ŲһΣ۾ͣһ¡ݵͣ٣ܸıʲô
֮ͣ󣬻ŭβͺݺݵ˦һ£ٴοžԳ̹
ͨҪʼʩܿ
ţô£ԺȻ֣ͨȻܵһǿķ֮ƣٶȣ˼ࡣ
ٶȣͲι
ʱ򣬾Խʱ䣬Źʱѡ
һܱܿôڴмֵʱ䣬ֻҲʱˡ
ѹһЩҲżּʱ䡣ʶͷԺ֮γɡ
Դ
ۿŻŴѵͷԲòԴԴ뵽֮Уϵͨݺݵĺڻϡ
һΣٴͣһ¡һͣʱ䣬ȸղ΢һ㡣
ͨ߶ͨ
Żͣٵһ϶ʱ䣬˻ĵڶιֵ˻
ٴε̬Ծչι
ԸоռڶԼͨѹƸǿˡԻιֻѾͨܿ
ȥ߾ȫļ֣ƺҲܼ߸ʱҡ˲㡣
ҡҡͷ߸ʱ䣬ʮʱ䣬úԶڼ߸ʱ䣬ԵȻ⡣
ۿЩԾԵı֣ѾˡҪ֪Щո̤񾳽ߣܶҲ޷ھڼֳλĺʱ䡣
ԣ˷˼
ⶼʱ˰ɣ
ǰܼ߰˸ʱ䡣
һЩˣĿصĿžڵľ󡣾ФӢݵĿžԡԵı֣Ԥϡ
Сǹһٶʱ䣬ʵȻôࡣҧžԡ
̶ȣ㾰ԱƳЩˣҲȥЦˡԵͼ񾳽ΪھڼôãʲôطܹȥЦĳɼȥЦò뾰Գɼ൱Կ
˵ľǶԵģҲת
֮ǰһֱΪľ˾Բʣʱ˿̣ҲԽĸıһЩ뷨Խſռ䣬ôֻ̤м񾳽磬ƺҲڴ١
֮ڣ
֣
֣뽫Ҽȥûôף
ԵӭĺɫӴӰ
ͨԵһǰʩչͨ
ͨʩչ֮󣬻Ӵ͵һ³
ŴͣԭǶԾԵ˺ҧȥġͻȻһɹŹֵӲӴ·
Ŀ壬ǹʵ̫ˡɵλõʱ򣬾ǳ˾Ե·
濴ͺǾԲ̤Ż˶Դһ㡣
̲ߣʱЩ¡ŪΪλһ³ԴĻϤʱȴŪǹǴʲôطġ
Ȼ˺üʱ䣬»ָ¶ԾԷ
ˣһĿɿڴ
ӽϵˣûܿףΪԻιŲסӶȴû뵽Īĵ˾Ե·
ô£
ѵ⣿
ôܣô⣬Ƿǳ߼֮ڣҲȵ󷨣
ۣ
ͨʩչ޼Ѱ
ͨͨЩͨһʩչ׾ܷ֡ͨᣬͨ۾


1127 
ӰΣ
ͨ÷Χ֮ڣȷʵᵽͨܡ
ʱھܵˣ񹬴󲿷ʵǿߡɼˣ֮У֮ܲͨܵģȴ޼
ǹ˾ҲһɻĿǲ˼顣
ļȷʵܵͣҲȫûֿܡ˵ûг⣬νʧ֣ܴ
֮УϣӵиǿʵֶεˡԣԸ󷨳⣬þԽٶȱܿĹ
˾ͳϣ׷׶һۡ
ղмٸ˽󷨶û⣬һ룬ѵͳ⣿ؿӡ
ʲô֮ǰٸ˽ʱ󷨾ѾֲȶպھԽʱֲȶֱתɴת쳣ˡӴ˵
ƺԽ˵ԽԼе
ؽ˫üĿ⿴еľԺͻҲò⣬ǾֶζԸĳ쳣
һǻ۵飬ΪˣŻͨӰ£һ˼άʱȻҲмʱ䡣
ȵչԾԵĹʱڴмֵʱ䣬Ѿﵽλɼ񾳽߶Ҫˡ
ʱľԣҲһ
ͨûʹõʱ򣬾Ҳ֪ͨԻӰʵ̫ǿˣͨ򵥷ԾãǾ񣬿ܶ޷Ի̫˺
ڣҲֻڻ֮£ּʮʱѡ
ԼͨԻ˴Ӱ󣬾֪һԼӦǿԵˡ
۹ЩȣҪ̫ڵĹֻҪͨӰԼܱܿĹȻŬּʮʱ䣬ˡ
ٶȷԹʼʩ
һΣһ׼ͨӰ죬ǰһЧһЩ׼ȻܰͨӴʱ׸
ͨһΧڣγһǿڣܵصӰ졣
ԾãԼƵǿһ̶ȣֻ߶޷ѳȥ
ԾԷĵĴιͨͨ˳ı˹ȥ
ʹֶκ󣬾ھڼֵʱ䣬Ѿ㳬˶ʮʱ䡣
ˣǲǸüתڳסԸν˹ֺ󣬿˵
νӵĿ˳ƿӡ
˾γԣνЦЦʵ
ڴڣÿζչڹؼ֮ʱԵʵͻȻ³Ҿã󷨵ת⡣ȥԿڴڼָʱ䣬ſռ˵Ȼƽ٩٩̸
˾˵ģҲΪеԲ̫ӦֹԵ䶷󷨽м顣˾˾Ҳӵ˼
ţкü˾֧ӡ
λ˾˼ˣΪλ˾ĵģҲеġν˵ͷһֱ΢Ц
˵䶷ֹ䶷󷨣ôûг⣬ָжԵĳɼþ䶷Ծ˵Ҳǲƽ
ν˵䣬һۻڱûľԡ
ڴ䶷Ǽģ꣬Ҫȫʩչν䶷϶ǲƽ
󷨿϶ǳ⣬ԾԵͼʵôܼôãӼ˾֧ԼԵõǿ˵ƶࡣ
仰ν𸱹빬ФӢȴǶһۣжһЩЦ⡣
ν𸱹λ˾һ°ɡФӢֱۣν˵
ãν˵ͷ
ФӢĻȻȫ˶ˡ
ⷬˣ΢΢һ仰ʲô˼
ѵڵı֣кĽͲɣ
ڶ˾ͳϣעתν𸱹ϡ
λҾ˵һ£Ϊڻ¼ôʱ䡣νһЩ
λӦö˵һֽͨĳͨν΢΢һͳࡣ
Ȼõͳˣȫˣ


1128 
ͨ⼸֣·һǿħν˵ȫɫһ
ͨڳˣû˲֪
֪֪ɾųɾŵ˶ͨİˣⱲӶûͨʲôӵġ
֪ͨǳͨҲΪ
ͨΪ
磬ܱһ񾳽ա׿񾳽ߣҲҲǳͨ
񾳽ߣһһͨȽһͨ൱һͨǾǾԵš
ǾһͨģҲǷëǡ֮ڣһͨ񣬶Ĺ
ΪˣڳУȼ֮⣬벻ʩչĻǳͨ
ν𸱹ôһ˵Щپ룬Ȼ֣ǻ쳣봫˵еЧࡣ
ôһ룬ܶвһɺ⡣
ţԼ˽֣ڳ䲻£ͻȻһԼסԼĶô
ֻӰգ۵ʱ䣬ԲΣա
вɾʹöˡڳ䲻£ܱܿͨӰֱһɱ
̫ˣ
Щ˾ִ¼һɫЩס
ˣѵ˼˵˳ͨ򣿡Ӽ죬ս˳
һȷһ㣬кܴĿԡȾ䶷ѯһͿȷˡνҡҡͷ˵
ʵʵıˡ
ٺȥֻԼ
ȻȻţԻճͨڵҲֻܵȾ䶷˵ν𸱹ֹͣԵ䶷ǲ̫ܡοФӢԾԵ̬ȣ˶֪Ƿǳܡ
򣬹ΪҪľ˾ſռ
ھֳʮʱ󣬴֮ڵµı仯ڶˡڵĻɲֻһ
ȫתʱһо
Ϊ֮ڣĴܵȻڱֳôһ㡣ܣɲԸѰߵģܣвεǿ
ĹԵĴʱΣռȵˣӿˡ
ȻͬʱӰ쵽ͬʱĿ֮ЧȻήࡣ
ǿʮʱ䣬Ǳ˴ˣԵ䶷ˡ
ھڼֵʱ䣬һʮһɼȷܹһſռĵ
˴֮󣬾Գĺһ
ڵ䶷ȻûʲôΣգҲǾĶǡֶͨΣǾھ֮ڣȷʵҲܼ߰˸ʱѡҪõǳ롣
Ե䶷֮󣬸νûмһ䶷Ա֡
ȫĿ⣬ھԵϡ
ԣνžԣڵ
ˣԹ˹
ţڴڣʮһʱ䡣ɼܺáһЩˣΪĳɼʵڴ֮ڣĹ״̬һЩΪÿ⡣ڣ˵˵ûڹͻȻ׹𣿡ν𻺻˵
ԵĿ⣬ɨһȦ
ʹͨʱ򣬵û̫ࡣʱҲݲôࡣʩչͨʱȷʵҲ뽫ֶͨα¶ôǰ
ͷ˶ԿڵҶԻʹͨ
û
Ҳס˵ͨǿ϶޷סһЩԼе˵͡

Լ϶ԻʹͨȫʱһƬ
ⲻܣԲܣôͨǿǳͨһ˾ִ£ʧصĽ
˾ִ£ˮ˾ִ£񾳽磬Ҳμ˱ᵯᡣʵǲھڣʮĸʱ䣬ϣõ
תĿ˴һۣüͷһ¡
Եѣȷյģͨͨһ֮ͨˮ˾˾µִһۺҲתĿžʵ
ǺǣʵҲȷϾҲδʶʹùͨЦЦ
һͨһǣˮ˾ִ۾


1129 ԹԱ
УȷʵжͨЧƵͨЧƣȴ֮һЩѧʩչͨƵЧ
ˮ˾˾ִ£˵Ļ˼յģƵͨ
ʱ鼤˫Ŀ죬⻰˵󣬵в˶ͷȻԸž
һͼⲻϳ
յͨܶԻôӰ죿˾վ˳˵
һͨԲܶԻܡڷ֮еӲ·ôһξ룬һͨģ
Ҫ˵󷨵ˣȻԵ䶷Ѿβûתɨ˹һۡ
Ǽ临ӵ󣬼ֻǴԵļ⣬ҲҪϳʱɡھͼǾҪӰδ䶷ˡһλ˾ҡҡͷ˵
תתһ
ҿûбҪɣԿ˵
ԵĻҲѵˣ飬Ϊ˵Ҫ
ûиӵԼѵʱ䣬˵λˮ˾ִ¼ȻĲͨβһ£ͨͨͨЧһضֱܷó
ԿղŽˮ˾ִ¡
ţˮ˾ִ΢΢һ㶣۾žԡ
ûзӦʱ򣬾ԵѾʩչ
ˮ˾ִ£ֻоһɿֲ˼壬ĴӿȥʶתҪǹɸǣת˼ޣҲ޷ȫֹ³
֮£ܵǿԼͨʩչǳɬ뷨֮֮ϵɬ
ɿֲֵÿ죬ʧÿ죬½˼ʮ֮󣬱㶸Ȼʧ
ˮ˾ִ£ɫüҰףԵУ˾ֵɫ
ľ磬ﵽսҲеٮٮߡǣǹɼǿ֮£Ȼ޷ڶʱڰѵ
УԶȫôжΣաܿܣֱھԵУûлֵĻᡣ
ʱȻݣȴԵ÷ǳǱ˰
ͨ˿ֲѹ硣
ʩչͨΣЦеĿˮ˾ִ¡
ԵĻˮ˾ִɫǺ죬һֶ˵
ڳˣҲԹԱˡٲԸţʵѾǰˮ˾ִ£ܲ뾰Ϸɣľ˾ִ£ϷĿܣɴҶ֪ˮ˾뾰֮Ĺϵ˵Ϻá
һͨһͼʩչԲܶһѹơҲ˵˳ͨ
ʱҲˡ
ûκˣȷʵܵʩչͨӰ죬Żν˵ͷ
䶷ɣνӶһֱֺۣһ˽䶷֡
ڶߣڵıҲȫ֤ȷʵûгκ⡣ھ֮һ񾳽ߣڣ߸ʱǱı˳

ֵܣǲҪľ˾Ĺ̶ˡھߣЦŵ˵
ʮһʱĳɼٷְܹһľ˾Ĺ̶ҲͲҪˣؿһȽϳɫľ˾ſռ䡣
ţӦǲľ˾Ĺ̶ˡԵͷ˵
ͨڣʮ˾˾ͼڶ̫ϳУ֪ҲûһճͨġЩ˵һͨһֻͨвͣԺ˭Ҳ
ʷϣƺûгֹ㻹ҪɫšسϿҵ˵
˾Ҫôңҿɻ὾ġЦЦ
ȫнʸſռʱҲм񾳽ˡгͨһĸ߼񣬶޷вˡɫ˵
ѹ֣˶ôء˾һֽۣ˵һ䡣
ΪԾԿΪԵ츳ȴ֪ǹʦܡĿǰΪֹ񹬣Ӧûе֪ǹФӢʦܡ
۾
νſռ䣬Ŀɲм񣬶Ǹ߼񾳽硣̤߼֮ܽͨٽһɱɽ֮ô֮£ûܶԼ̫в
ʱ򣬾Ինɱʸ߼


1130 
䶷ʮſռĵ㱻ѡ˳
ûκ⣬˳õһǰʮУԵʮһʱɼڵʮһĳɼڼʮʱ䣬Ҳһ񾳽ߡ
ò˵Եľ绹ǹڵˣھԿܴмֻֻмͼͨпڱ䶷ĵһλ
ⶼ޹ؽҪ飬ֻҪܶһھ˵һ͵ʮҲûʲôֱ
ȷ֮󣬽µĵȴʱ䡣
ε󣬾컨ϵҲɹ˵һλ
컨ʷǶߡÿʱỵ̈ߣͨ컨컨ʯԵԼԵòӰ
ͬʱԵ֣һЩﶼд̡
ڣȥԾԵĹעҲԽԽࡣֱ񹬡񹬺Ͷ񹬣ƿҲ̲סϧûܽ£Լ񹬵һˡ
ʱҴҶ
ſռ䣬ʽ
ſռ䣬ͬڵھŹ֮ڣһȻؾ
񹬽Ļſռ䡣˵Ϊſռؾ񹬿ǴﲻյĻԻ͡ФӢҲ޷񹬳ΪĴ֮һ
ȻҲиԵؾ
һգԵһʮõſռʸߣھŹĳǰǹФӢ
ФӢŷ仯ȻֱӿؾؾĿʱ䡣
Ƕ׼յʱ䣬ؾʼؾ½룬ǧҪФӢ˵
ڴ֮ǰԵѾܵζؾǧΪһŪãͿؾ쳣Եˣһ룬ؾֻҪպ˳һ뼴ɡ
յʱһ貵ФӢǰԶ֡ФӢæٿشķؾȶ
ˣɣʱФӢĶֹͣӶֱ˵
ФӢ֮һ߱첽֮СһߵӰʧڹĻڣ߲ŷߡĺߡ
ʱû˸
ܿģԵӰҲʧڹĻ֮ڡ
һʮȫ󣬹Ļ֮ʧܵĿռָ
ȡöĽͿԼĻԵ컯ˡФӢ۾΢У˵һ䣬Ӱһص˼֮ڡ

ſռؾ
ֻǰһ䣬Ŀ⻷ܣ֪̾ԼѾһռ֮СѾ֮ڡ
Ǿ˰ɣ
ԿԿǰԶһò
֮ǰյϢУ֪ÿľ
ϣдɢ߲ʹâһſŹʵڹʵܣתһε
ھܣû˵ӰſռߣһһʮʱھڵĿռ䣬ȴֻоһˡ
һ㣬ԵûжٳԾΪڽſռ֮ǰ֪Ϣſռ䣬һӵĲռ䣬ÿһſռߣᵥһռ䡣
һ㣬뵱Խ񹬲μѡο˵ʱ򣬼ⷨ׺ʱĲռһ֮ȻſռĿռ䷨Ī⡣
ûеʱ䣬̤ȥ
ſռڣ޷еģֻܲнӽԶʵʾʵ
˰꣬ޱӴ֮¡
վ£һھԵͷ·һ֣ܽŹʵժС
ǣûмųȥժΪָ֪ûáҪժɲôġ
ſռĹ򣬽ؾߣû̷֮ǰؾͣһʱ䡣һʱڣûܲժ̷ʱ䵽˺󣬱ᱻдͳſռ䡣
̷һܶſռһꡣ
˵̷һؾͣʱ䡣̷ؾͣʱ䣬Դơ
ȻϵԽߵطԽԲժҪժҲôġ
Կ˿ͷ۾߲ܵʹâ̺ĸַҪժͱ뽫ܵķ͸
ûɬķ֮Ƭ̣Բҡҡͷһ̾


1131 µķ
ܵķ֮࣬˵٣ȴΪɬѶ
Ը֪Щ֮ҪؼȻڵΪӣ̺ܣҲҪǿ
Ҫժȡͱ뽫Щ֮ȫ͸һ֮ûв͸ܽӦժȡ
Խſռ֮£ͺķ˴Լʱ䡣Ҳ˵аʱժȡһʱܽܵķ͸Ͳժȡͻᱻͳſռ䡣
΢߶ǬСڵĦʱȡ
εҡҡͷ
Ħʱؾ֮УȻǲʹõġʹĦʱʱ䣬ҲӳҡϧĦʱ޷ıſռڵʱ١
ĦʱֳԽֱյԼǬС֮ڡǣתޣҲû˿ķӦ
ԶΣֻð֡
ݾ߲ͨġԿЦЦ
ܽǬС磬ǿɾ淢ˣϧ
˷ʱ䣬תһ񹦣ͷſʼ͸Ϊķ֮
ʱ䣬ԲŲ͸һ
ЩɬѶɹҵȴԣЩܱͨȵġԲ͸һ֮ϲתתͷ
ڶͬʱ䡣
ӽһʱ䣬Խһľȫ͸
Щȷʵǿ󣡡
ķÿһǳ¡ҲϵȴԱͨˡ
һ̶ϣķ򣬾Ȼ뷨֮ȡЩ𶯡
ȻЩ϶ǲ뷨ȵġ˵һ㣬ߵķ׺һͲܹȵġ
֮͵Ѱҷ棬ȻΪһ൱һͨصģǷ׺
ȻԼķ׺Ҳ൱þˡ
վֽժȡ΢ЦƴС߲ʹ֮УϢþһĿĸо
öĺöѹ֣ô˶ſռ̾ŵ˵
Խ
һʱ䣬Ź˴Լ߸¶ѡ㲻̷Ȼſռ֮ͣҵʱ䡣
ſռͣʱ䣬Բ˷ˡԣԲż̷һʱٽʱ̷ȡһͣʱ䡣
Ծ𣬾һ֦ϡ
ǷǳӴģһ֦ɣҲǼΪĿվ棬·Լվһ޴Ĺ㳡֮ϡ
վͿԿڶ֦ͷڶ֦ϣһɼܣתš
ڶķ֮ƺӻɬˡԸӦͬʱüȻֻо򣬵򣬱֮ǰľѶࡣҪ͸ҪĸʱС
羰Ԥϵǰ㣬ڶܵķ֮͸Ҫȵһܵķ֮Ѿöࡣ
ʱ䣬ԲŽһ֮͸յһ֮󣬾̿ʼ͸ڶ֮
ڶľ֮ķ˾µʱ䡣

湻ѵģԽڶժȡ󣬿ĺһ
ʱ򣬾ԸоԼ꣬еƣ
Եǿ
ص˵ԵǿȣԲһЩʸ߼
ˣԶƣĸо
Щſռڲʱֻ¸ӳ֮ĺôҲȷʵǷǳԡÿһ򣬶ԵĽ
ʮ֮󣬾һԼоԼľ磬ƺԳͻˡ
һ̤񾳽磬Ǿмˡսϣʵ
ûżȥͻƾ磬˵ڶ֦ɣĿ⿴
ܣͬо֮ת
һº
⡭
ķ֮Ȼѵ˳̶ȣҲһһʱ䣿
Ҫ֮ȫ͸ҪþŸµʱ䣿
Է˷ۡ
ķ֮ѣôĿķ֮أ
عƣҪĿķֻ֮Ҫµʱ


1132 м
һʱ䣬㹻ٲһ򣡡
Եĵڶס
һʱȥڶ򱻲͸ʱһʱֻʣ´Լʱ䡣ʱ䣬Ȼ㹻ĵ͸
Ҳûгɣֱȡһ̷ȥ
ֻһ˲ϢӺӿ뵽
ºͣ赤̺ҪԵöࡣ
̷󣬾Ե꣬Եı仯ڿǿ
ܹǿߵǿȡ
ſռߣܹõĺôڲֻǸĸѡ
鴫
ֱ޷㹻ߵ꽫̶ֳȣ˫Ŀ֮о˸
һ̷ȥ֮󣬾Ե꣬ƣ֮ʧӰ٣ǿҲԵ׳˲١֮Уֱǿȵı亱ǲڡҲֻлıſЧ
ǻ֮Ȼ̾
뵽֮İԶԻıҲȻˡ
ߣܹԵõһ
бԴͬΪʮ̶ȣбԴȡ
һ̷󣬾ſռ䣬ֿԶͣһʱ䡣
ȡ赤弶񾧣ʼ׼ͻƾˡȻͬʱҲķ
һת̿̾ĲҲ顣
׳󣬾Բ͸ٶȣҲ˼Ե֮ǰ͸֮Ҫһʱһڣʱֱ˵˶ʮӡ
ǿ󣬶Բ͸ԵĴٽá
ڲ͸ʱ򣬾Եľ磬ˮɵͻơ񾳽磬Ϊ
ĵ赤弶񾧣ü㣬ϲĵ浤Ҳȫõˡ
̤񾳽󣬾Բٶȣһڲһ򣬾ȻֻҪʮʱ䡣
һڣԽһҲϣҲ˾֮
ϵ֦ɣ

ſռ䣬ǬĲڶ

ôôѣǬ̲ס
ۿʣʱԽԽ٣ԵڶĲ͸Žеڰ
һʱ䣬Լһ¶һʱ䡣һ¶һʱ䣬Խܽڰھɹôᱻſռ䴫ͳȥ
ǬҲ񾳽ߣǰ˾ĳԱʹõǰ˾Ĺ̶
ڽſռ֮ǰǬϣģԼſռڣһͻƳΪ߼񡣿ڣٽ㣬ǲ˲١
ܳɹժȡڶȻ̷ſռͣһʱ䣬ôȷʵвСϣ̤߼Ρ
ʱԽԽ٣ҲԽԽԽżٶȾԽңԽԽƣ룬⵼Чʸ͡
ɶ񣡡
һܳɹһժȡڶǬǿԼҪ侲
Լûκεİʱȴ޷Լ
ºǬڽڶĵڰ͸ɹ棬һ˲ƣ룬ͣļ͸
ǰʱ䡣
ৣ
Ŭ͸ǬһޱȵͻȻٵϡ
ûκεֵĿܣӰʧ֦ϡһ̣񹬵ھŹ
վڽſռĵطǬЩ
һſռ䣬ϣȷʵС̷һԵǿǣûܽΪ߼
һ
ʱͱſռ䴫ͳûժȡڶ
ǰ˾Ǭɣ
ţǰ˾ִǬ
һƬռڣۼһЩ񹬵ĴЩˣھԵ߽ſռĵڶ꣬½ۼ͵ſռڵ½ͳ
һͳģǬ
ЩֻǬɫѿ֪ǵһſռ䱻ͳߡһʮˣһ
˾˾ҲǬһۣҡҡͷһ̾
Ǭ̫࣬ſռڣҲǺҪģֻðˡ˾˾οǬһ䡣
˾ˡллǬмĿ˾ܵ͡


1133 ֶ
ԲĿÿһĵʱһҡ
ĿժеʱſռʱѾӽ磬Ҳ˳Ϊ
̤ĸ֦ɺ󣬾̱㽫ڶ̷ȥٴεõ׳еƣһɨաҲþԣʱƣԼſռ̤߼ҲԽԽ㡣
ͷſռ䱻ͳȥԽԽ࣬ףνſռһʮߣѾнӽһ뱻ǿдͳⱻͳһ֮Уĸ˳񾳽硣
Ǹԣûг
ûУ˾Ǭǵһſռ䴫ͳģʱҾ
ǾԴ˴νſռ䣬ֽкܴջ񰡣
ţӦѾ˰ɣ
ߣһ꣬ضᱻͳ˾˾ӣ޷ȵ侰ԡ
꣬Եľ磬Ȼ񾳽硣
˵һ룬Գɹﵽ񾳽硣̤񾳽󲻾ãԽժ
ԵϣʱҲֻһǰõȫõˡ
֦ɺ󣬾Կ˿ϷԶĵ
ԽԽˣ
㽫̷ҵʱҲһĸ¶ѡҪժӦǲˡεš
һʱ䣬Ҫ򣬲ҳ߼񾳽硣
ʱûмſʼķ򣬶ǿʼ
ʮεʯ飬ֳΣ׼¯浤
Ҫ߼е浤ĸԵİղŴһЩûе浤ſռڽ߼ĻᣬһɶûС
Ƴŵ浤󣬾񣬿ʼ
һ򣬾˰ʱŲɹʱǿƴͳؾʣ°һʱ䡣һ£ƺֻٲ͸һķ
ûж룬ܶһǶо޴ĺô
ʱڵھŹ֮ڣڴ֮ӡ
ſռһʮˣĿǰΪֹѾͳһʮŸЩͳߣ֮һң̤񾳽硣
ɼǰſռ俪ͻƵ࣬Բ˾߳Ծ
ǣһԣȻſռ֮ڡ
ôû
仰֪ж˳ûܽ
ڽſռʱֻһ񾳽ߡ£Ӧ类ͳġϵͣϣȻӦǱȽϳԿġ
ʱƣԽԽˣԼ޷ˡ
һ񾳽߿⣬ֲܰԸõĲ͸򣬾ſռͣôʱģ
ۼſռڸ񹬸߲ԽԽ࣬ЩˣȻڵŽſռһʮеһҲǾԡ
ⶼʱˣſռʱ䣬Բ͡
ǰڿȷѾмֻǲ֪񡣡
Ҳ񣡡
񣿲̫ܣſռʥأҲô̵ʱڣﵽ񾳽硣
ǺǣȾԳȻ֪ˡ
ǣģǹھԵľ硣
̤м񾳽磬û˻ɣ˾ΪҲм˾þԿܴﵽľ硣
ʱؾڵľԣҲȷʵ񾳽硣

ʱ¡ĸ¡¡¡
Եʱ䣬ԽԽ١
ֻʣʱʱ򣬾ڽĵڶ˳
ʱ䣡Կ˿ͷ
ҪѾˣʱ̫ˡתͷ
ͻƾɣ
º󣬽ͳȥͳһѣܷ֮ڣ񾳽硣ȻЩδҲûʧ
νؾջѾǳ޴ˡ̶̼ʱ䣬񾳽磬ϣͻƵ񣬾Իʲôأ
һ
ৣ
ʧ֦ϣһ̣ǬС֮ڡ
ǺǣǬСȻͬһ㣬ſռУһܽǬС硣һ¡
Ħʱתֱʹð弶ΪĦʱṩʱٵĸı䣬Լʮ屶ӡ
ǬСڣԾͲܲˡ


1134 ķɱ
ſռ䣬Գһ壬Ȼͬ
ϵСͨɫſռǲʹõġԵǬСʹã˵ǬСȷʵǳ߶ˡ
ǬС֮ڣҲ޷֪ſռ޷֪͸Ҫ˵ȥˡ
ǬС֮ڣʹĦʱʱ䡣ĦʱõſռУ㲻ʹáԴˣҲûκΰ취
Ħʱʮ屶ʱ֮£Կʼ̴񾳽絽񾳽
ϵ񾧺͵ҩԴܳ㣬ŵ浤Ϊͻʱļ⵶ʹãԾԶͻƣǺĵġ
Եٶȷʵ죬ͻٶȾˡǣⲢԵĻ۱һֱԴδӹĻۡ
ķһ񹦣ҲþϣӵԶһߵơ
ȻĦʱҲûĦʱǾҪʱزҲҪǧ֮ò
ǬСڣһ弶񾧣һ̷赤
񾳽ͻƵ񾳽磬֮һȽԿԽĿ谭ĽŲ
ȻǶھ˵Ҳô׿ȥġڣſռ䣬þԵõһμѵõĻᡣ
ſռİǾҪӽؾ֮ǰ񣬻֪Ҫ߹
ſռ򣬶м侪˵ĸ
ߵֱ꣬׳Ч
Խǿô֮ԽǱ
һߵܴ꣬ﵽǸΣôͻ磬˵ϾͲ̫谭
ʱȥһ£Ħʱ֮¹˽һʱ䡣
ԣɹ񾳽磬̤񾳽硣м񣬳ɳ˸߼ʵĿԽ
ǬСڵľԣ۾ϸŸı仯
ǸֳһĨЦ⡣
ڡӻҵ鷳ֱӾͿɱһ˭ǿԸӦԼǿʮ㣬ٵӵıˣûйʦֵıӡ
ڵԼԿʸ߼Ҳȫûκ⡣
ȻûлЩսԴҲжϳĿǰԼսӦǲЩһľһľӦòԼĶ֡
繮һ֮󣬾׼뿪ǬС硣
ţͻȻ֮䣬Ե΢΢һ
ǬСռ䣬һµӵ˾Եϡ
ǣɫ΢䣬˫ü
һɰϢ뵽֮ڡ
ô᣿
ҵĲһ񹦣ʱ򣬾Ѿõ𣿡ԳԾĸӦϢ
ڵ͵ʱ򣬾Խͨʿõ˲һĸ֡
ڣյϢ΢Ӧһ£ȻЩϢȻǲһصݡⲿݣǾ֮ǰȫûмȫݡ
ͻı仯þЩֲ
ܿ죬Եɻ󣬾ͱ𾪡
֮ǰյĲһ񹦣ȷʵǷǳķ޴󡣿ڸոսյݣȴȾǰյĲһ񹦻Ҫöࡣ
̣δά̫õʱ䣬ԼҲǼʱµݱ뾰Եȫںϵһ

ת˲һƬ̣ޱȾԵ˵֡
Īǲһ񹦣Ҳˣ˼ǰƺֻһֿԡ
֮Ĳһ񹦣ЧþҲò̾
߶ꡢͨѧȵȷãķֱӵϵЩҪתɹֶΣǾҪķΪͨ
һ㣬κ˶û⡣
Ĳһ񹦣ȻõЧˡ٣ڻȷһԿ϶ķȼࡣ
Ҳ˵ȵȷûб仯£ԵսҲǵõ˺ܴȵ
ˣԺϣĲһ񹦣İӾ޴
һ֮󣬾侲ϸĽһ񹦼֮ȷȫ
ţԳǬС磬»صſռ䡣
ͷȻܣδ
ؾʱ䲻ˡ
Բᳬһ£Ҿͻᱻͳȥ԰ת
ſռǲȥģֻܵſռķԶͳȥ
Իвһʱ䣬Ҫһʱ


1135 
Խֵ̿򣬲͸
˻
͸֮˳þԲһ
񾳽ʱ򣬾ԲҪѰҵʱܳɹ͸һʱԵ͸ļѣԼǵú
ڣ͸˳̶ȣ˾Ե󣬾һˮĸо
ϲãȫ
ʱľԣ֮ܿٲ͸򣬵ȻҲԭġ
ѾǸ߼񾳽硣ϵԷĲ͸Ըס
ȻأⲻҪԭҪԭǲһ񹦵Ľķɱ䣬þԶԷĲЧࡣ
ԭ򣬱ǾܹɲĻ
ʱ䣬Ա㽫ɹ
򡭡ȫʱ͸ɹ
ȫľ򣬶͸󣬾˳Ľϵժȡûκγɣ̷ֱȥȻ󣬾Ծϣ֦ϣĿŵ߸
һʱˣ
ãõúܣѹеϲãס߸
ھŹڴ
ʲô
ôû
ǰ̫ѽʱ䣬ⶼȥ˰ɣҪſռ꣬Ҫ̷С
ˣʱѾȥԻûбͳҲ˵Ҫ̷С
ôܣôժȡ
񹬵ĴԽԽˡ

νе
ν𸱹ФӢν𣬵˵ͷ˵𣿡
ţһѰ顣Դӽſռ䣬Ѿʱ䣬ȷе˵Ѿǵ˵ʱ䣬ûдνЩء
̹׵˵Դ񹬽δнſռߣϳʱ䡣Ҫ֪һﵽ߼ΣͲܽſռ䡣Ҳ˵ſռߣҲֻ
ԻûФӢɫ΢΢һ䣬վ
ûעſռΪѾؾڳˡν𸱹ᵽ£֪Ȼſռ䡣
ǰ鲻̫Щǲ⣡ν˫ü
ȥФӢ˵ȥ
ſռڣ֮£ǲκΣյġǣФӢҲƿſռ䣬ФӢ޷֤ſռٷְٲ⡣
ˣ
˹ˣԻſռ£Ѿ˵Ĺע

ſռڴˣФӢ׷׷ۡ
ФӢվؾڴ࣬˲ͷſ
ؾƺû⡣Ƭ̺ФӢҡͷа
ĸӦ֮ڣſռȶ޷̽鵽쳣
Σνվں󷽣ФӢ㿪ʵ
޷⣬ֻܼˡФӢ˵
ȻǿߣҲܿſռڵ޷̽鵽Եԣֻܼȥ

ſռڡ
߸򣬾ʱȫ򡣽ʱ䣬ľ磬Ѿ۷壬ò˶ã̤񾳽硣
žԵ߸֦ɣʼԵڰ˸в
ڰ˸򣬾Ÿʱ䣬Բڰ˸ķȻ߸̷ֵõһʱ䡣
ʱ򣬾Ҳɹ̤񾳽硣
һ󣬾ڲھŸõڰ˸һʱ䣬ԽھŸʣ෨򾡽Բ͸ɹ
ſռʮ꣬ԶԵʮĲ͸׵֮Сʮ򣬻ɬ̶ȣ˾ԵΧһʱ䣬Զûܽʮĵһ͸
ʮȻڵľӦȥ͸ģ̫ˡһʱ䣬һ򣬵ûеõ̫Ľչ
վԵ㣬Ҫ͸ʮһֻ¸Լʮʱ䣬Լûϣɹ
Եľ磬Ѿﵽ˾۷塣
񾳽磬ƺҲ̫Զˡ
ſռͣʱĽڽ١һɲֿܵķ䵽Եϡֻоǰ΢΢һ䣬ܱû磬һ˲䣬ǰֱ
ˣ
˿Ŀɨܡ
ſռʮʱ䣬ԵջǾ޴ġ񾳽磬ﵽ˾۷塣ֻ̣˽ʮʱ䡣Ϊֹͣٶѡ
ٶľ񣬱˵򣬾ʷϣҲҲ


1136 Ҫ
ſռڸۼ񹬸߲ȼǰûм٣෴ӡ
ʮʱ䣬Щ߼˵ͲʲôΪԽſռһֱûгԭһЩԽſռûʲôȤĸ߲ҲרŵΪ˵ȾԴؾڳ
ڣڳˡ
һȫĿ⣬㶼ۼھԵϡ
ôˣĿһɨϰ񹬸߲⸽еţеվţҲ΢΢һ
Գˣ
СӾȻؾڴʮʱ䣬ʮ갡ջô
ʮʱ䣬˵ʱǸ߼˰ɣؾ֮ǰ񾳽硣
νſռһʮߣȥ֮⣬ؾͣʱģѡ
ǡ˾ǣžԡ
һЩϣԶܴؾڳˣǲʧˡԴؾˣ˵ſռ䲢δ⡣ſռʮ꣬Ҳ˵Ӧ̷˾Ÿ
Ÿ
˶񹬵ĴǣҲۺ졣
ֵܣ˾Ӱһǰ
˾Թּ
˾أͬľˣ˶ǾΪ
ϲϲʮؾջһܴɣ΢Ц
СЦ˵
ھûг֮ǰҲܵģϾˣȷؾǲǳ쳣ôѶʯҲͲϵԡڼƽҲͷˡ
ףһף
ʱһ̶Ľ
ԲתĿ֪һڸ¡
һתߣӡ
ӣڶ˵𣿡ԵĮʵ
ԣװģ˵㵽ʲôֶΣſռʮ֮ãӽк
ӵ˼ңвģжʼɣжԾŨҵĺ⡣ЩһѾЩʧȥǡӱˣرΪĹϵһֱҶԾ֣ʱԾȻſռʮ꣬һֱѹŵվǱ˳
ӣ㵹˵˵ʲôֶס
ˣܿſռ䡣ңʲôֶΣԼؾʮꡣ۾ӡ
ľԣɲˡ
ô֪ʲôֶΡſռʮ꣬ԲԴ񹬽δſռʱ䣬ȴ˽ӽʮ꣬ף˭ţҧˡ
ӣҡҡͷһ
Ʒԣ˲ݣЦ˵֪ΪԼӱҷ˵һġӦӵ£Ͳܹҡң³ܣܱסˣ
Ϊʮ˾˾֮һȴףֻ̡֪ˣҲ䵣ξʮ˾˾
Уſռʮ꣬һ˿һĹϵãҵı¡ûκ֤ݣף浱ûƢԽȵ
㡭ӱһɫһһס
һʱ䣬޷ԡ
ȷʵûκ֤ݣ֤ͨ׵ֶſռʮꡣʵϣҲſռ˶ƿأ߽ãȫǿԼı¡Ҫףȷʵ̫ܡ
ٵĿǰΪֹû˵ҵſռʱֶΡ
Сӣô˵ģ
Ǿʮ˾˾ʲôݣ˵֪𱰵Ķ㹬˻㣬ҽҲҹҪһ˵Ӷһ£żɫ˻
ŭ⣬Ѿڵ˼㡣
ǹ˼ɹФӢڿ϶̲סԾԶ֣޲ýһ
ǺǣҹҪ˵
ƾʲôЦЦ
ԣһɣ˾˾ˡ
ţԿ˾˾
ԣôܲ˾˾üͷ壬˾˾㲻ľ˾߹Աֵݲ࣬Լ˶˵˵㲻֪𱰣ⲻԩɣ
Ҷ˾ǰɣ̧ü˾˾
ûҾ˾˾ҶˣҶ˰Ȼͷ
Ҷ˾Ӧø˭¡ҴſռǲȶסѵΪ˾ҾȨûˣ˵ףҾ͵ó׵ҶˣҲ˿ûоɫ


1137 ս˾
ҶһȽϹ°ˡ
ھԵⷬȻûʲôӡɫʱȥһ˫Ե񣬱
Ҷһȡ
Ҷ֣㿴˰ɣ㿴СжཾйڱЩ˾Ҳȫ˰죬һЩѵԺڣ˭Щ˾°ӿҶˣɭɭĵ
ֲʲô£αֵôҶأԣ˵ˡҲѹɽ
˵ʱ򣬶Ծҡҡͷʾ⾰һˡ
֣ľ˾ԱΪľ˾˾ҲӦöҶ˿˵
Ҷ˵еȻȥҺ;Ժú̸̸æЦ˵
أ㲻Ҫϡࡣ»û꣬Եڶײңûһ˵ҿɲӦҧ˵
ӣҪʲô˵е⣬ҲԽԽʢ
֮ǰҲˣʱû㹻ʵҲСڣԼҪ㹻ʵҪ̣ǿʲô壿
˵ͱˣһĵӣԼˣԺ󻹲֪жٹƨԼ
ˣ
ԣ˾ǸµΪֹɣˮ˾˾ˡ
ˮ˾ǹϵľʮ˾һ˾ˮ˾˾ĵλ񹬵ľʮ˾֮УҲǱȽġ
ĴϣƽʱҪˮ˾˾ӡ
ˮ˾˾ӵˣе֮ɫԶࡣ
ˮ˾˾ͷǳʸҲϣƽʱĬԣÿοڣ˶ܲӡȻˮ˾˾ˣþӵǸ£¿ҲֻˡӾ£Ҳû˵ҵˮ˾˾
Ȼˮ˾˾þԵǸɲΪ˾ԡ
֪йվھԱӿ϶ҶԾֱӶ֡Ȼ֣ܶþԵǸӦõѡ
ˮ˾˾ԾҲûֺøСˮ˾ҲһЩìܵġìܲ󣬲ˮ˾˾ȥҾ鷳еǵ٣ȴҲǿȫںġ
ҪҵǸЦ
ҵǸ࣡һ
ˮ˾˾ӣҲ
󵨣
һСӣ
ֱ޷ˣ
仰˵ȫɫһ䣬кüվǳ⾰ԡˮ˾˾ţȻܹᲢۡ
仰˵жʱϲ
С군ˣ
ɻȻˮ˾˾ҹȻײⲻ𣿺ߣ㹬ҲѰȻˣ˷ܵתͷ
ؿЦſ˾һۡ
ˣ̫ˡˮ˾˾ɫʱҲѿúܡ
˵ЩûõģԶЩǳ⣬ȴȻ̬
ӡ
ӣ㲻һֱΪӱ𣿡
ɣսһʵɱΪӱ𡣡ֱȡϼӡ
ţû뵽ԾȻᵱս
һʱ䣬ԭء
ģһˡȫˣ³˾֮⣬˶ԾԵ仰е⡣ԣȻս񾳽ǿߣ
һ˫˫ɴ۾žԣƺҪ͸Ե˼ԣƣһս
սӣ
ǵҪʲôʵ
ѵſռڣĴﵽ˸߼񾳽磿ǣ̤߼񾳽磬Ҳսӵʵɣھ֮УʵģҲպüһͨķ֪Զٱ
ӦΪйӱضԣŸսӡ
ˣжתԼ˼ˣžԺӡ
ӣô˵ˣ㲻ǶҺ֮ڣҸˡΪӱ𣬾ɣԼ˵
С֣ԼΪ˻㣬ҾͲҶˣԼ˵ģŭ죬ৡȡһڹӿ
սǼ˾Ҫ˾СҲû˵ʲô
䣡û˵
ϼӶ貣ҫ
֮ڵתһ񹦽֮󣬾ԶʹãԶǰɱȡ
ͨͨѧ֮С
ھǰĿռ֮ڣɫâܺƵķ֮ڽת
ӼԳ֣ȻٿЦһкɫ͵һ𶯣һƬڹ֡


1138 һɷ
ϵЦδ̫ܳá
Ҳգ֮䣬Цʧˣȡ֮أһ˿š
۵Ľ⣬һֿµѹãԼ޷סһɫ⡣
һǴ޷ţԼʵǾԵĶ֡

ɫ⣬ɫĻٶײһ
ɫĻײףָоǴĵסµһ
˼ԼΪβǾԵĶ֣㱻һɾ޴˳ȥûˣԭվڵϣֱԾ˵ٶ׷ɳȥ
棬γɵ֣ѵĵֵܵ岻ܿƵķУһѪҺӿ
ֻһӱˡ
Կӵɳǧ֮Զûмȥ׷ɱ
һԸûʹȫԴûж÷ֺͽͨںϵѧ㽫ʸɳȥ
Ҳ֤ȫԸǾвս
Եһȫ˶ɵˡ
ܶӦֻӱɳȥһʱûΪλᱻɡͷתתʶӾȻǾԵĶ֡
ֲ
̫ǿˣ
Եʵǿ˹
ڶ˾ͳϼԵ񣬱ˡӵʵڶ˾ͳȻǴǰУҲǵβˮƽֻһˡ
˭óûжȫܿһֻʹ˽ͨѡ
ôôǿ
񣬾Ǿ񣡡
찡һôģ
ſռʮ꣬ʹ񣬳Ϊ񣿡
ܣⲻܣԲܣ
˼ۿһĻҲܽܣ˻Ųܡ
ʱ򣬾˸ߵϼɨˮ˾˾˾˾
ԼҪǸ
û˵֮У˼¶š
˾ˮ˾˾ˣ
ˮ˾˾ƤӶúװһƽӣ˭óʱǳĲƽӾԵһУҲǾԵĶ֡˵һսô죿
˾߰ɣԶЩʧĹ˵
áãؾѹ˵ͷ
žԺ͹뿪û˵һ֡
֮ڣ³˹Ǽεǿ֮⣬ҲҲܹʵѹסԵˡ
е
Գˣؾڣʮꡣν𣬱ŹֵĶФӢ˵
ФӢû˵
Դؾ˳ͻ˽ˡν˵ҲǸոյõϢ
ŶФӢüأ
ӱһɣ˵Ʋᡣν˿
˵µʱҲ񣬻ǲ˵ˡȷǾһӣһлɾ֮ʱ͵һ
⾰СҪˡ
ٶȣ񾳽ҲԶ˰
УФӢ΢΢һ֮󣬲˵⼸
ν𸱹ΪԵμְΣФӢһתѯФӢ
ҲͻȻôһͷ
ԾԱֳʵμϣȻ㹻ˡԵȴһ˵󲻴˵СС⡣
ФӢ⣬ν
ְλɲȷġԳΪϣǶ񹬣һ춯صϢ
Ҿÿԡ
ҪǺ˾֧֡ν˵
ԾԵγְλûоòס磬Ϊ𣬴Ϊȡ˵ԽԽеλһӣⱾ֤Եʵܽӽˣһϣ´ࡣ
оĳϣ񹬵ۺʵҲһϺ˾ĺһսϺ˾սԱ
Ǿһ£Ϻ˾ǵ˼ФӢЦЦ

ʲô
Եμϣ
⡭Ҳ̫˰ɣǲӦõȸǧꣿ
̫һ㣡ǹ˵˼
Ҳ֧֣
鴫˾ͳǵĶʱھŹˡ
ҵǾÿԣԵʵǶۿˡԳΪϣҲ飬һһ㣬ƺû𡣡
ţҲÿԡ
֧֣ʵ㹻й͸֧֣Һαطԣ
һʱ䣬˾ͳ֮𷢽͵òˡ


1139 ̫ϳ
ھԵμһ£˾ͳϣֵ֧̬ȡ
ν𸱹մ֮󣬱ФӢФӢټϺ˾ʽȷԳΪ񹬼γϡ
֮Ϣ񹬷񹬾Ź£һƬ̾
Ը磬ɼˣ
һ²÷࣬ϢǳԾϲ
ĳϣǿĴԸ磬÷ġ
һʱ䣬÷ΪΪ²£ϵʱóټо͸ĴԴٶҲѾӽ񾳽硣
ҩϵıϷͬϲ⡣
벻ұϷҲ̫ϳǸεĴϤϷѲӹҩ֮󣬸ոջصס֮أ˵ϢЦ

ԣʷļϡ
Ϣ󲻾ãӽ˾㽵ٵ߹ҵԣǰФӢ
ءӽˣҲû̫Ŀףһͬ뼫еФӢ
ФӢԽƴ͸ԡӴԺ󣬾ԵݣʽΪ̫ϳϣӽصˣ൱ݡȻԺԵľס֮أҲƵ֮ڡ
ԣ£ġФӢ΢Цžԡ
ھǰһų֡
뾰лҪ˵غӽˣ̸ȥ
ԣ򣿡ȹ뿪ФӢֳʾԡ
ţӦ򡣡Եͷ
ͨģʱһͨʱĸоФӢ˵
ûʲôرĸоüԼͨʱ龰ûʲôرĸо
ѽΣճͨģ磬ҲˡФӢ΢ĳɾͣȻ֮ϡΪʦ𸴳𡣡
˵ʵ̫ǿˡФӢΣҪ𣬶롣ڣФӢԾԣȴϣԼûκλˣʱ䣬ܾúܾáεΪҲһ;ľͷǾԣȴúܣٶͣѾǾ񾳽磬˵ǰ;
˵δܳΪ֮浽һϣΪʦ𱨳ˡ
ʦ֣ҽһΪʦ𡣡Ŀ⼫ᶨ
ãʦ˼֪Լɫĵӣ϶˵ġФӢصͷĿο
˾ԣ㽫ʩչҿФӢһת
ФӢҪԼʩչ򣬾ûκǣ̾ͽʩչеڣһµ֣ǿ͵³
ФӢĿһ⡣
ûȷʵĳͨФӢ˵ͨ˽Ⲣ࣬Ҳûо֮ǰõһݹͨĵáĵãӦһλ֮ϣкоĴġ
ΪԼûоĵãûʹãһֱڣҾͽ͸ɡФӢ˵֮Уһɢɫεľȡ
ӳһɵǰ
˫֣ɫӵСеɫ򣬾ҲЩڴ
˰ɣ㣬ӦûаФӢЦŰ˰֡
ФӢô˵ҲͲͷųԼ꣬뾧̲صͨա
ڵܿ뵽Լ֮С
ĵ֮󣬾ԲĳԾ
ĵ֮ǰȻһЩڴɲԼܵõİǴʱԺȻףĵã޼ۡ
ФӢʦ˵ݹĵãӦһλ棬моĴµġңλֱͨӷԼĵñ
ĵãǷĳһļµļ۸
ĵ֮󣬾̣Լ򣬲뷨
ԸоԼ΢оһ£ܵõܴİ
ͨǲܴеġ
ûͨôõĵãҲΪĵöͨǾԱѾͨĵöİ;޴ˡ
лʦ֣ԳϿҵĵл
ʦֵ֮䣬ҪлФӢЦЦ˵
ѾǾ񾳽磬񣬻һһҪȥȴǷǳѡʱڣǲˡҲżͨϣ໨һЩФӢ˵


1140 ɽ
յʵֻһζѡȷе˵һﲻ
ݹͨĵãǾԱڶʱڣͨʱܣڶʱдȵ
ȻĵöԾϵĲ͸ںܳʱڶа
ĵãھԶԣȫƵ޼֮
ʦֵˣһʱԲŸ뿪صԼסƫ֮ڡûе飬̳ڶ֮ͨϡ

磬ޱȵĹ
磬ǧֻǧ֮һÿһ򣬶ͨ͵硣
֮Уһɽǿ
ɽʢɽ֮磬˲֪˲
֮ڣɽ˻ίʵҲ
һգɽϿյ֮УһɫӰֳ
Ӱ֣ɽϵߣȫսսһʱ
ݼɽ
֮쳹ʡ
ֻǾ޴ĺɫӰһ˫ɨȫ˵ͷ
ҪӴĺɫӰд¶
ɽɽδд·ڣɽҵעһоԵСӣһٶǰˡڵϵģһɫ۵ӣͷӦ˵
ŶɫӰ΢΢һ¡
ڵ˵һ¡Ӱһ˵
һٶǰӵ͵򣬲֮󣬱ո¶ͷǡĿǰѾ컨λáµϢԣѾ̤񾳽硣ɫ˵
񣿡ӰĿУһŭŷ
ߣСǹ졣ǸϼһҵһĴ߰ǺǣСĳɳӰ
ɽϵߣɽеķŭ
жʱǸоԵСһôɽģɽʲôǸоԵСӣôʸɽ
ռһˣǸоԵСץסҪģӰԸ
ǣɫæͷɽˣǾ֮Сȥץˣ»һЩССӰ졣ǱߣǲҲôһк
ɫӣСĵ˵
֣ͽռɽ˴֮һɽɽµɽ
ţӦСһһкҵʥȥɣӰ֮䣬һڹ⴩ƿռ䣬Ȼ֮䣬㵽ռǰ
ռæ˫֣ڹ⹧ӵСڹ⣬Ӱ˵ʥʥһɽɽ١
֮УҲʥӵˣͬ޼һʥǰҲùκβ
￴ӰϳӰòڵ͵Ǹ

o
þòռӭӣĹ˹֡
ţʧԶӭ¡æ񣬿п˵
ԶԿ΢΢·ռǰλҪԲһЩӡ
ԣǿݣƿߡ
񹬹ФӢǶҪġȻԶФӢˣҲȽϿ
ФӢεҪԲҲǷǳ
ˡռһЦ
ͻȻռһתĿһ£Ҫ˵һ
֮УһоԵˣˣҪɽռֱӵ⡣
֮УɱȻԣԣĸ֪ˡ
΢΢һͷת
Ծ֣ͬİ컨һΪôûţ
Լڣôһ׿ţȻҲڿġ
ڣɽĽռȴҪˡռԾԣһɱ⣬Բʲô¡
ռЩס֪ԣ񹬵̫ϳϣڵӰǺܴġռ߾ԣǱߣֻ²׷˵ġЦŻ˵
ί񣬵ⷬ˼ҲԣþԱռߡ
ռǰȻֽϵ͵ֲ̬ռܲҪˣ͵øˡ
ȲҪžܾҡǺǣ㿴ٸĴ𰸡ռһЦһɫʥֶ


1141 Ҫ
ʥɫ䣬ü١
ʥɽɽˡ
æʥһ
ʱҲˣҪԴߵģռɽգɽɽˡ
ˣ뱣ԣҲͲ
𣿡ռɫ׵ԣЦ˵
ˣռһ˱ǡЩε˵
ûзɽɽҲûǸʵɽɽ³ңǿ֮εĴߡ
磬Ӵߵˣҳ٣Ҫ˵ɽɽ֮УպյĴڡ
ܺã
ֻҪǸԣҵ̾ͻ뿪򡣡ռԵ̬ȡ
ʥǺã
ͨԺռˣֱӴ͵ųǿҰ
ʱ֮˱ִų֮ǰ
ռû̽ųǣ˫չһɺƵޱߵͷ֮ųǶڡ
ռǣԿռĶüͷ
룬ֻΪ˷ֹ⡣λФӢɲô˵ռЦЦ
һ̾
鷳ȥФӢ˵°ɣšһ֮ڣФӢǸԽҴߣұȻųǣٻˡռ죬Ŀ׺֮⣬չ¶š
ûʥռԲ˵ԼҪ񹬡
ФӢаջܡ񹬽ǧʱ䣬ضǿҪƣ¡ǣʥ֣һ񹬵ķֵܵʥι
Լеʥʱ洢ʮɵʮιǿǿɽԳֵʮι
ðɣȥФӢε˵
Ҳûκΰ취֪ФӢԣռ϶ǿйųǺ񹬡

֮ڡ
ФӢ˵˽٣æڶ೤Ϻ˾ӭӶ

ˣ
ФӢˣӭǰ
ԣҲվФӢĳ֮С
Ա࣬ФӢ˰֣Ŀ⿴ФӢĳϺ˾ĿھԵϡѾϳ˾ԡ
ФӢüͷ΢΢һ壬оЩԡԵĹϵ㲻ǰÿμ棬ԶܺһΣԲͻȻ񹬣ࡣ
ԸоԵĿ⣬Ҳ΢΢һ
񹬣ѵйأвתԼһֲ̫õĸо
ФӢ;Գ˶ɢ˰ɡԴʱȫûס
ФӢüͷ˿֮󣬻˶뿪
ܿ죬ֻʣԡФӢ;ˡ
ȻΪңʱ򣬾ѾܰٷְȷͻȻΪԼǣʲô飬Թأ
ԼҲδ绹꣬⻹һμˡ
ФӢ
Ҳһģʱ˿̣ɽռڳš˶Ѿ뿪ֱӿڶФӢ˵
ţ
ɽʲôФӢһŭ
ΪԡĿٴοԡ
ԣҲ֪ɽΪҪԴߣûѯռԭѯʣռҲԲԭ
Ǹ˶ʲôФӢŭˣŭĿԲ
ФӢĺҡͷҲǿЦ
֪ФӢˣɽɽˡ磬ҲˣеӺɽɽФӢһ⡣
ФӢֹһڹɽɽΪѽǣɽɽȴһֱûФӢȡʲôֶΡ
˵ҹɽɽɽɽԻһʱֺɱɶФӢɽɽȴġ
ռҪߡ˵
ܣФӢֱӾ;ܾҲþԱߵġ
ûκοء
ʱ򣬾вõĸоԽԽǿˡ
ɽɽҪԼ߸ʲôԾã벻ʲô¡
ФӢɲҺ㡣ԣռͻǿлųǺ񹬡ҡͷ˵
ߣǾԿФӢ˵
ռУʥʥ񹬺ųǣסĹٴҡͷ˵
ʲô
Ǹ˶ʲôʥΪ˴뿪ФӢҲ
ռɽĽգФӢ֪ġƾռ񹬵ػʥ񹬻浲ס


1142 Ҫ
ФӢ˶ԻԵԽԽš
ɽԼߣ˼ФӢʦֲԼȥɽ˾ͻǿйųǺ񹬡
ᵽʥɽˣʥ񹬵ķס
ФӢʦ֣ФӢʥɫء
ФӢʥܣҶ˵Ҳ֪ռʹʥ񹬿϶ǵסʱ񹬱ƣͬסԡԼФӢĬ˵
ФӢһԡ
ռųǣԹۣФӢ
ֹռ𣿡
ФӢռɽҪţһûʥҿ϶֣ҵʵФӢ㣬ҲþռڣʥһҸʲôֹФӢ֮صʡ
еΣ˭˵
Ʊǿɽɽǰһʲô
ǧ֮Умʥ
ФӢٴγĬ
ФӢռֻһʱ䣬Ҫ쿼̾Ϣһֿ˵
ǺǡФӢЦЦЩ׳
ФӢʦֵձ飬ļ䣬һʶ
Ҹ߾ˡǰһֱû˵ʱ˵
ФӢ˶ԻУѾ񹬡ФӢʦֶԼͬסԼ
Ȼסֺα񹬣񹬱ƣԼͬᱻߡ
ФӢ˾һۡ
ĿһתֿҪ뾰̸̸£
޷԰ڰ֣뿪񹬡

ԣɽ
е֮ڣԺФӢˣոֿص
ФӢžԣʵ
ɽԴӷ磬˵뿪򣬾ųǵûгȥҡҡͷҲƣɽΪһҪԼߡ
ǾЩˣФӢţǸ˶ѵ֪ݣӦð£ֻҺ֪ǸôõϢ֪ݣΪҪߣ
ФӢ벻ͨеԵɡ
ʦ֣˵ɽɽ磬ҲǶĴߣʦĪг𣿡Էžɻ󣬴ʱ˳
г𣿺ߣǸˡФӢЦԣʵɽɽҲйϵġûʦţҲӦýһʦ֡
ʲôԵɴ۾
ɽɽԼʦ֣ФӢʦֵ˼ɽɽƺѾʦš
ʦ˼ңɫĵӡ֮ϵ츳졣ʦҲǷǳϲϣʦ˼Ҷϲĵӣ˵ڡֻǣ˶ԣȴǳ̰Եر
ˣǵ˱ҪЩһЩϵˣҲ̵Ľб
ˣʦȰοͲ䱾ʦҲʧˣϵȻԽԽԶΪʦԶ˶Ȼʦ𶼲ԹֹһΣڮʦ
ʦºͣ˿Ҳû˼ƽϡǣ˶ȻɱԼʦãֶβ̣ʦ˼ң˳ʧһŭ֮£ˣʦŶϾϵФӢһ˵һҧ
ȴû뵽˶ҲĻԵʦź󣬾ȻûãʵȫָٽһﵽΡΪ֮Ȼ治սʦ𡣡
ǺǣΪսʦǲһսٴαʦܡѾʦɱҲǼѣˡ
ФӢһ¼ľŵĶԾԽһ顣
Ҳӿû뵽ʦ˼ңȻд߲εͽܡȻʦţ˵ʦͽϵȴ޷ȫĨɱ
ʦ֣ǴҪߣʲô˼ʵ
Ҳ˵϶ʲô¡룬ԿǺݶĺܡФӢҡҡͷ˵
ӡ룿ӣ͵ĳ鴤һ¡
˲뵽ڵ͵ˣȻӡڵ͵ʱ򣬾Ծ;ŷǳĹϵǸʦͽܣôһƺ˵ͨˡ
뵽ԵɫһӰˡǸľɽɽĻô񹬴ԼɽͿ԰ٷְȷǺˡ
ԺλǶԼ֮ǵģ


1143 Ψһ·
ڵ͵磬ԾͲС
ɽɽľǸ͵ֹԼɽʲô³ýֺͷ룬Ҳõ𰸡ֻ£Լɡ
˵Լ񾳽綼ǣҲֿܵһλߵֶΣ
ɫ˲ҰףһɺϮȫ
ԣ֪룿ФӢԵɫ仯ʵ
ҡҲܰٷְȷڵ͵Ǹˣǲɽɽһɬ˵
͵飬ФӢһ顣
ФӢɴۣ˺һᣬϲˣӦþķ
˶Ȼ÷͵Ӷᷨ档Ϊ伫ФӢҧгݵ˵
ԣԲȥɽǻ˶ԣȥɽ޻ФӢŭˣûʲôġ
ֻܿЦ
ǲȥɽǣܲȥ
񹬣͵סǸռ˰
ԣ뿪
²˳٣ھߡФӢһ
ʦ֣ߵ𣿡εǸռˣʱų֮⡣£ųѾֻҪҳųǣȻһʱͻᷢ
;Ȼ߲ˡһ취еͨФӢž˵Ǹ쵰ųǣ취Ҳвֻͨһ񾳽ռⲻ󣡡
˵䣬ФӢֱӶ
ת֡һƬĻڹе֮ڣھԺФӢǰ
ܸоõƬĻ֮ϣµĿռ䷨򲨶жϣһǴ֮塣
ԣһͨڣ뿪ִ޾ա뿪һоֻܿԼˡ
ִ޾պ󣬿ͨǰʼʼڻʼ֮ڡɽӰСܰڻʼһλ£Ǹ˶޷κˡФӢԾԶ˵
ʼҲ˵һ˵ڻʼУ߶в١
Լܰһλ£ɽɽԼ֣ȷʵǼ顣
ԣ봫ţϽ߰ɣФӢߴ˵
ӵĿФӢʦ֡
ƺǣԼΨһ·
ʦ֣뿪񹬺ɽҲң᲻ᱨ㣿Զ㣬ܵġ
㲻õģǸ˶ȻײϣңһЩġҶιֻҪ㲻񹬣ŭġФӢҡͷ˵
ɽɽФӢȷʵŷͬѰ̡
ҲԭģΪ״ӵʱͻСФӢһֱչġԣκ˶ûʲô飬ФӢȴһ⡣ФӢĸ飬Զʦ֮
ФӢô˵Ҳͷˡ
ʦ֣أԶФӢĹ
Ҳأһ֪ҪȵʱˡФӢžԣٴΰ˰֡
ûٳɣһ̤봫š
ţֱͨ޾ա
ФӢΪ˽ţ˼ʮʱ䣬ķϡͨ£ԼųռҲͲܷ־ͨͨ뿪񹬡

ų⣡
ФӢǲ׼ˡռĿУһ˿
ռٵȵȰɡٴһ£ФӢ֪ءվռԵԣæ˵
ҲӣһʱѾˣҼȻ˵һʱ䣬Ǿֻһʱ䡣ڣҪųˣռЦЦ˫չֲۡ
ৣ
ʱųǵ󷨣ȴͻȻ֮ʧһγɵĹĻ糱ˮһȥֻʱ䣬ų⣬󷨶ֹͣת
ŶѵФӢ׼ҪˣռһĻջֱۣЩ˵һ䡣
ԣҲɳһռĹųǣǶ˵ҲǺܻ顣ųǣĳУһ˹ԼĳУԼΪȴֻܸɿţ˭
ಣռˣֱӽУִܿ񹬽֮⡣
ȻռȻСûм֮ǰɲ﷭þˡ
ФӢνλʱѾ񹬽֮⡣
ФӢռФӢ֮ǰĹ˹֣Ŀһת˫ü˵أ
ûԵټ
Բ֮ڡФӢЦռ˵
ڣռһЦФӢɱŪңҲôƭģ


1144 ܷ
ռȻФӢ˵Բ񹬵Ļ
Ĳ񹬣ǰѾ뿪ˡФӢ˵
ФӢǱҶְˣͲܹˡռ˵䣬ʥȡ˳
ʥһѹͷųڳ˾ɫ䡣
ռţԼ̽顣Ѿȫرգɲ鿴Ź鿴Ȼ֪ҵĻ١ФӢϵռžѾ뿪ڳ֮ǰ㽫񹬿ռƾԹرա
Ŷռһ˿õԤС
ѵФӢ˵滰
ǣԼִųǵʱ򣬾Ӧû֮ڡųǺԼһʱ佫зܶ㵽ȥ
ФӢ̬ռ˼ФӢĻԴʱĲ֮ڡ
ѾյԵϢҲ˵ԼһЩƶСڣֻҪС磬ҲܸӦԡ
ȻФӢ֣ռͷų̽񹬡
񹬽Ʊرգͨ裬̽¾ŹҪ˷Ѷʱ䡣
һ֮̽ռɫ˼֣ȻûиӦԵϢ
ģֽеڶ顢̽飬ͬһ
ռĿŭɫϡ
ɽ˽飬ʥʹãƺԭܼ򵥵ˣ
ФӢռһȣ
֪֪㾿ʲôɽָҪˣȻҷߣͲ£񹬱ΪƽأԶʧʷ֮Уռˡ
ռҲŻңǸ˶񹬣ˡФӢЦһ
㡭ռϢᡣ
һ̣ռųǣһϸѰҡǳ񹬣ųڣԼҲҵֻ໨һЩʱˡųЩСС󷨷Ȼ͸һҲˣȫס
֮ռòˡ
񹬺ųɨ˶ΣȻҲԵټ
ȻŭФӢҲûиõİ취ˡӣλФӢ֮ĹϵӰġڲӵľ֮ǰФӢԼ񹬶֣ȷԲ֮ڵ¡
ڵģռ仰뿪ųǣɽȴɽһδӻ罵ͶӰȻϢ

磬޾գ
ৣ
ԵӰͻأĳһƬļ֮С
æ߶ԼڿռڣһŰ
޾գǼյġĲ˵磬㹻񾳽ͷ۵ˡЩ磬񾳽ߵ٣Ļ֮Уգʱ䶼ֲ˾ͻ᳹ɢ
ԵĴ壬ǿԵĴУҲǳʹԾԴ߶ֵʴ
ĵط絹ǲط޾еıܷۣҲ޾԰ȫڡ
ڱܷ۵أһεߣҲֱܼȽϳʱ䡣
ڱһ·󣬾Կʼ֮и·
һձܷۣΧǷǳġ
ڱܷ۵ģһճСճڣкͷҪǰʼҪͷǰ
֮Ľͨʽֻһ֣ǳۡ
ռɽҲͬǳۡ񾳽εߣҲûͨ޾գ֮䡣
֮
ԻҰڣͻȻһ
ǰӦһܷ۴͵㣡Ե֮ڣѾһƬɫĽ
ƬģǺܴԾΪǲճУǱܷ۵һ͵㡣ͨ͵㣬ֱӴ͵ճС
޾ڣһƬţ·֮⣬һȻŷ˼ʱ䣬Ѿоѹ֡
ڿ˴͵㣬Ե飬ȻһЩ
͵㣬ԼӿٶȣŴ͵йȥ
͵㣬Ҳ߳ھסģȻܶ࣬ͨһܷ۴͵㣬˵Ҳʮ߾ۼγһС͵ĳ
ӽ͵󣬾Աٶȡ
ʱѾ˴͵Ϸ·Կеļ֡
ɳ򣡡һ顣
ǿɳձܷ۴͵㡣аת
ɳ򣬾ȽϽڡȻ˵ڣФӢʦֽһͨɳܷ۵ͨҲǺķ
š


1145 ˲¹ͷ
͵˿ڵĽԵ˼˻
Ŀȥü
ҪշѣԿһЩеߣ׼нӹ񾧡
ʶɨǬС硣
һɨԵ˫üøˡ
ǬСڵ񾧣޼ˡ
ſռؾʮ֮УԴ񾳽磬ٶ죬񾧵ԴģҲһզ֡
ǰ۵Դ赤ȷʵĵýݽˡ
ſռ̫ϳϺ󲻾ã̤֮·ԣûʱȥٴ׬ȡ񾧡
ҡҡͷ̤ǰȥ
봫͵ˣ࣬ǰ˽ɷý󣬱㵽˾ԡ
վסһ߳徰Ժȡ
һˣһһ񾧡ǼߣԾ֡
һһ񾧣
㶣
˵ʵһһ񾧣Ծ˵ͲʲôǷڽſռ֮ǰ񾧣ҲǾţһëڣϵ治ࡣ
봫͵Ҫһһ񾧣Ե˵ۡ
ãǹġ
ٷϻҪȥʵʵɷáȥ͸̹ﰭۣǼһĲͷװͰ͵Ŀžԡ
˿ҡҡͷ
ûһ񾧣弶񾧴𣿡ԵǬСڣһöһ񾧶ûС
ԣ㣡ߴߴ١
ѣֻȡһö弶񾧣ݸߡһ£ֱֶԾԻ֡
ȥɣ˵
԰̾һ̧˽ȥ
ô£ս봫͵򣬾ԵüͷٴһΣĿ֮Уһ˿ŭ⡣
ǰһһŮߣһ߻ɱɱߣԷڳǰǸոս봫͵ߣȾҲ˼ʮʱ䡣
ֻʮʱ䣬ͱһһŮߵɱʬ޴档ŮߣʱЦ⣬Ǳɱָֽ
ǲ֪ĶҺƱ٣ߣɱڵֹһ䣬׺ݲпɨߡ
ھߣոս͵ߡ
סˣҶײ٣һ֣ߣɭɭ˵
ʱһոսǵ˹ȥ
٣ٺ١Сĸ밲ˣ߹ȥߣǱȽϻ飬ЦǱΪٵ߹
Сӵ֪񣬲ţҶӡ󡣡б۶һۣĵ
پȻСӡ󣿹ܳɫ۵ߣЦŨˡ
˵ЩûõģҶȻӡ󣬵ãҲȫˡǿһ㣬ʯˡһ˵
ǣǣл٣л٣лĴָֽȡɫʯͷĵݵŮǰ
ŮָһɫʯõС
ֻҪʯǲеˣŮƺֻ̫߽ʯ
ʯߣ⻰Ƥһ¡
ˣСҿû˳ۣξͱˡٲ˵
ٺ٣ǸСĲҴŷٰ£ȸˡɫ֡
ɣתתӺȵ

ղŽǵʱѾãô棬Ҫʯֹһ
꣡λֵܣС㡣ǷоҲ֮ءھߵߣ˾ԵֹѹȰ˵
üһۡ
ֵܵһ͵㣿ߵʵ
ţȷʵǵһԵͷ
ǾѹˣԺͻϰߡ͵㸽գֵʯȽ϶ࡣԣȻзֳ˲¹ͷĶȻв߻͵ΪʯֵܣջΣ߷·ʵ
֪ʵӦԼŪ˶ʯΪҲʯġ
ʯҲ֪һֱȽĿʯҪԼ󡣾Ը֪͵㸽ʯⶫִͨͨ󣬱һ·е͵㣬·Ҳȫûһʯ
ԣҡҡͷ
ջҲУֻŪ˿ʯҲ֪һýɼ顣ֵܣһǷҪʯһҪײȻǸղ˵³ߣ˵ǱնɱǸߡ
ٴο˿ǬС޼񾧡֪Լ񾧣Ҫɵʯá
ʱ뾰˵ߣѾŷ˹ȥ


1146 
١æк
ٷϻȴִϣɵöʯ
ԼҪöʯɫʱһףڴ͵㸽Уϰʱ䣬òײŪöʯ
ʱ䣬Ūöʯֻ˵һ㡣һЩŪʮʯҲǱȽġ
һڣҪɰö֮еö
˵ɷúöʯҪ֧͵ĴͷѡǷѵȵȣôʱ䣬ûʲôջ
⡭۰
ô㲻ɷãߵŮߣкɫޣǺ֮ɫ
·߶˵һ֣³һ֡
ҽæͳʯ
ŶԣԹȻΪѡټ߽ʯɳ¶Цݣӭ´
пƣȴұֳ
طûʲôɷͲʲô
Կ˿ңһֵԼˡЦЦŷ˹ȥ
١ԶԷٹ˹֡
٣һ񾳽ߣߵŮߣҲ
˵ΪھǰȻʲôǣޱҪȷʵǷǣ֮С
Ȼձܷۣɳڣܵ͵ĻԾԲߵͷ
ҲöʯٶžԣڸԶһɵ֡
öʯϣһöʯûСϵ弶񾧣ҲԵöʯ
һöʯûУ٣ɲ񾧵ʯ˵
ûʯ۾˵񾧵ǵҲԣҲУ񾧵öʯǾͽɰ˰һ񾧺ˡ
ܲٵ㣿Ρ
˰һ񾧣ǰ˰ö弶񾧡ϵ弶񾧣Ѿ˰öˡ
СӣĪǲңһɡ
Ҳңûô񾧣ٸ̧֡æ
Ƿڽſռ֮ǰԿֱӾͽ˰ö弶ˡڣȷʵûô񾧡ݡʯϵһЩǬСڻܵĲ϶ǳ󣬲ҶԾԺҪЩͨĲϣԸû¡
ǲǾӺƭϢһ
磬ɱߵŮߣĿ˸ɱڵ˵
ŮˣɱļأǰߣǱеĳֱѹʬ޴档
ʱղ뾰жݽ̸߻ûԶȥٵĶԻúתԾҡͷʾþһ̣ʵʵʯ񾧡ԴȻãҪ
ûˣٶԴʲôô
ҲߵİʾȷʵҲû취
֣ɱҵҪָֽڣǲûʯٱȵ
˻
ͣ
ڷٻ֮ŮгޣžԹ˹ܣڿռڵһ֣ҪԵ
Ҳһ䣬Ŀɱŷ
£ȴɲҪɱܲվﲻ֡
һһŮߣҲþԶŭȡ·ҲˣҪôࡣ΢ˣɱ֡ˣ͸
뿴ҵָֽҲÿûǸʵһֱ̧һ˳ȥ
ɫޣ˲뾰ԵӰײŮϣ¶һ˿пЦݡ
վڲԶߣʶıһ۾·ǲĿǺɫ֮¡
飬ȫŮеԵӰӴɫޣûκɢļ󣬵Ǻɫޣٿͱһɰɡ
Ӱɳ֮ûκͣ٣Ůȫ˹ȥ
ңŮ߷Ӧǲֻһ޷ֵѹȶʶԼ͵סԿкǷپ
ͬûԤϵԵʵ֮ǿ
͵㸽УΪʯƽʱв߹Щ֮У񾳽ߺ٣Ҽǵͼ
ټϾԿǳᣬٵˣ뵽Եʵǿ˳̶ȣ
̾ͳ֣ҪŮߡǣΪȻﵽ񾳽磬ȴҲܴӾУȳŮߡ
飡
ӡʵʵŮϡŮߣһĲҽУ壬ɶһѪпӿδأ㳹ɢ


1147 ɱ
ĿŮ߱һһĿ¶ŵɫ
ܿģֲţֱ˱ˡ
ԻɱŮߣŮˣѾ֮áûԼŮˣ͵֮ڡ
͵ڣӦû˸Ŷԣ˵ɱŮˡ
һɱ⣬ӷͷųĿһתĶžԣ͸ųǵĺ⡣
ҪΪԼŮ˱ҪʬΡʬζˣҪɱԼŮ˵ץݺݵĥܡ
һɫ̸ڷСһ˫ͫڣ֮⣬ͨ졣
վԭأͬŷ١
Ĳ¡
ŤգԾףղǸŮߣǽԼɱΨһˡ
ҡҡͷԻǿȰ˵㲻ҵĶ֣òҪ֡һ֣ɡ
ֻͨ͵ǰɳճС
Ҫ㡭֮أѾ񣬸ûԼ᲻ǾԵĶ֡
ʱһֻϵԣȻĥ
һŭ֮󣬷ٶԾԣչ˷Ĺ
ϧһ񣬶ԾԸͲκв
ϼûȡֱʩչһͨױܿٵĹָһһɫָӡ˲Ϣ䶴ٵš

ԶߣʱžԡԭΪԻᱻٵǸŮɱȴû뵽һǸŮˣһָͷʵֲķ١
̣Ҳʱ䡣ߣûзӦ
֮ǰ뾰Խ̸˼䣬ʱûΪԵΪܸߡԵľ磬Ӧֻܱͣһ񾳽硣Ҳ˵þӦεߡ
ʱ˿̣ŻȻףߣΪǿþˡɻɱٵߣֻǸ߼Ρ񣬶̫ɱ١
ʱ򣬴͵ļӣҲĲͬѰ˽ǿŵʬһ鶼÷ǳʡ
ǣȻʶˡ
һǸողŽ봫͵𣿡ҪԽǷѵļߣ˿ϵʬ壬ֿ˿ԣкⲻԽӿ
ٵʵҲ֪ġɱ٣ʵȻȺԱܿġв£˷Ƕǳֻ֣ѾһȺˡ
ǰ𣿡ԶߣžԽ˵Դ֮׳ŵ˵һ䡣
ߣԻӦ˵
ԵĿ⣬ЩɨߡߣͲ뿪ԼȫûǸʵֹ뿪
ֱԶ֮Ϊ׵ļ߲Ž˵Ͽشˣ
ǣһߣٱ۶ȥ

ԺߣһͬųڵĴȥ
ǰ֮Уֹӡ
ԽɣԿһۡ
ҲʹñŪþʹɽԱĶС
ߣӡǲѰˣֻԼˡ
ȻԺƽ׽˵ӣҲǰˣʼһı顣
ԽǰҪͨǰճ𣿡Сĵʵ
ţд⡣γƺԵͷʵ
ֽйڣΪһ񾳽硣Լ֣ʱһܳı飬ܼ
ȻԵľ߳ܶࡣǿߣȻ֣ȷʵеҡ
Խǰղűɱķ٣ݿɲ򵥡ĸֺ͵Ĵ˵һ񾳽ǿߡ͵شˣҪַֺ֡ˣֺضŭڽ˵
ѹ˸ڴ͵˽ȡ߰ãԭпɽ۾һ¡
ղɻǷٲһ񣬳˵Ӧû˰ģڿȻԭġĴ͵ڣһɽȷʵˡ
ǰַֺͱŪˡϾ͵ģżҲи߼񡣡ڵͷ˵Խǰǻǿ뿪ֺõϢ֮ǰִͨճСճУֺӱҲǺˡ
ţǾͿɡҲִճС
͵򲢲ûʱ䣬㵽˴λá
󸽽ͬм߿ءҪʹôҪ֧ķá
ӴǰճУÿ˵ķҲһһ񾧣Ƿȡ
Ըȡһö弶񾧣ȴһֱӽһ񾧡


1148 ͷ
ڵΪʾõ˼
С£Ҳö˵ʲôҲһһ񾧶ѡ
λֵܣʴʲôʱЦݣѯʼߡ
ʲôˣɨ˹һۣͷ˵
Ҫġһ˴ҪһΣʮ˴ͬҲǿһΡȻͬʱʮҪĵҪȴһ࣬ԶԶûʮÿδһĵࡣ
Щ͵ڵĴһۼһЩȥҲΪ˽ʡġ
ʱϾԺ͹ˣԼ߰˸ڵȴһˣҲͲ๻ˡ
ԽǰԵƬ̡˵Ը˵
ţһʱ˵
ЦЦٴѹ˵Ҿ͵ֺͻȻϹ
ھ˵ʱ䣬Ҫͨ뿪
ϣ󼴽һߴ
ߵ׼ʹôߣۼ
γɵĹĻڣܵĿռ֡Ժ͹ˣҲվڴ֮ڣܣķ֮
һҫĿĹ⻪𣬾Ե˵ӰڹŤ֮Уģ
Сߣ
ʱһ֮ϣһٸӰ䵽˴󸽽
ˣַĸֺ
˵Լӱɱ׼ͨܣһʱٶȸִʱôѾУڵһӰѾʧ

ſտҲĴֺŭɶ֮ɫվһþˡ
ֺˣ߿ֺæ
˶ˣĶ㾹ҿ󣿡ֺݵĿⶢżߡ
һ֪ʲô顣ȻֺǾ仰ɵʱѾ޷ֹС
ԩҲҷֻܵͷһֲ˵ԸֺܵķŭʱǸҶײֻµͻᱻֺɱ
ֺзŭ㣬ȴ޴йɱڣƲסҪ󸽽߻ɱջסûг֡ЩߣϾص

Σգˡ
һ˵Ĵ֮󣬹ڳĺһ
ԽǰǸϽ뿪󸽽˵ֺ׷ɱֻҪ뿪ճôֺҵǾˡճУûôӰתĿžԣдߴ˵
ţ뿪ҲáҲͷ˵
ֺǾԾԵʵȻҲֺǣֺ׷ƱҪɱնԼɱֺճУɱһ񾳽ߣֻϢܿͻᴫʱ򣬱ضдĿ⣬Լϡ
ԣ̫ߵĿǰ˵һ²һ¡
Ժ͹ˣܿ뿪ճд
ԽǰǴճͣһʱ䣬ǻذɳ򣿡뿪󣬹ʵ
Ҵۣǰ򡣡˵
ǰ򣿡һԽǰȥһ򣿡
ʼ򣡡ԲûжԹ
̫ˣҲǰʼһûȥʼ˵ʼضԴʼߣǳɡ񾳽ǿߣڻʼࡣ
ǰɳֵ͵ʼĸߵȫûȡ˵ʼʱޱ
ǰΪǰʼ׼ʮʱ䡣ʮϣҼûʹùʲôԴΪˣ㹻·ѡڼ˵
ǰʼҪܶԴ̧Ŀʵ
ȻǼֱһ֡˵ǰɳ򣬾ʼǳңԶǴӵ͵ߵ򣬹·ѣÿ˾Ҫһһ񾧡
һڣ֣Ҳⰵզࡣ
˵ģһ㶼ţһһ񾧣񾳽˵Ҳһʾ޿һҪ۳˶񾧣ǻ治ס
ԽǰǸϽȥͷֻ¾ûλˡڷ·ͻȻʲôýǰʼۣʱ䣬ͻˡ
ô˵Ҳٵ顣
֪ͷλã֪Źڣ˺ܿ͵ִﺽͷ
Ƭ򣬷·һгǡ
Խǰǵˡͣһ֮ǰ
Կľ޴ϣдš̻ᡯĸ֡


1149 Ǵ
̻ᣬ֮ڣҲǼġ̻ıڸߵʼ֮ڡ
վ̻Ὠ֮ǰľԣҪ߽ȥȴüͣ뵽Լϸûһһ񾧡
ԽǰôˣڿͻȻͣ£ʵ
ûô񾧡ԿЦһ¡
ôܣڶʱסˡ
֮ǰĴ͵ڣַҪԽɷãʱ˵ľûʯҲûô񾧣ȻҲ˾ԵĻǣû˵滰ڼʶɱַ͸ӲΪԻһ񾧶ûС
þӦǸ߼
һ񾧣ڸ߼˵ͲʲôмҲóһ񾧳Ŷԡ
Դʱ˵ûô񾧣ʶľͿ˵ôܣ
ȷʵûô񾧣ַǸŮϣǵõʯóָֽ鿴һ¡
ʯ治٣һٶöֻҲнӽǧ򡣽Щʯ㹻Ʊˡ˵
ָֽԴҲû١Ǹַ壬ӦûнԴЯһҲô٣οͣӳǸ͵Ѫ
ֻʯˣҲûˣȻʱԸԽǰá˵
ڵĴƱһٶǰˡʱȴӰɳճйƱ֪ǰʼҪһٶŻԲʱȥǸ͵㣬ܲܶһЩʯ
̻棬һ¥Խһٶöʯÿһöʯĳۼ۸һһ񾧡ʯ򡢰ɳڣÿһö۸һʮ֮ϡճУ۸һЩҲҾǳۣǹ
ǹʯһһ񾧣϶򲻵
ʯõ񾧼ָֽԭе񾧣һǧҡһŴƱֻҪһ񾧣Ǵ´ˡ
̻֮ڣƱĹ̨
ȥһ򣿡̨ڵĹԱ⿴˾һۣʵ
̻ۣຽۣǰϰٸ
ȥʼ򡣡˵
˵ȥʼ򣬹Աٴο˾һۡȥʼĴƱǷǳġȥһЩȽϽǴƱ۸Ծͱ˺ܶࡣ
˵ǰһ˵ĴƱֻҪһ񾧡
ǰʼĴƱΡ͵Ʊһ񾧣еƱʮ񾧣ߵƱһ񾧣ҪһεĴƱԱʵ
۸񣬾Ե඼ݺһ¡
ߵƱȻҪһ񾧡
ݣ
Ҫһŵ͵Ʊֱ˵
Ҳûѡϵ񾧣ֻ㹻͵Ʊ
һ񾧵ָֽݸԷԱҲ˳ֽһɫ͵ԵС
ۿΣʱǻͨƱ㴫ѶԼҲҪ׼ãǴǿɲ㣬ҴƱڱۿ֮ԶϡԱһ䡣
õģлԵлת뿪˹̨
ԽǰǰʼۻҪſΣǵҸ¥סڶԾ˵
ţҸطɡԵͷ˵
ۿ֮ǰԾԼԽ¶Խá
ǰɳճУȽϤйڣʡȥ˾Բٵ¡
һȽϱ˵ľ¥ס£ÿҪ֧һһ񾧵ķáճУľ¥ǱȽˡЩλúãԽľ¥һҪ֧ǧķá
ʱ仺ţʱ䣬ھ˵ҲһδǳıչҲ͹ȥˡ
û뿪¥
һգһھ¥ķ֮ڣͻȻо̻ṺĴƱ춯ȡ΢΢Ӧ
ʼǴۿΣ֮УֻмһѶϢ
Ҫˡվ˵
ʱ򣬷ű졣
˵
ƿţ˽
ԽǰǸõǴˡڶԾ˵ȻҲյ̻ĴѶ
ţ߰ɡԵ˵ͷ
̻̻֮רŵĹԱЩ˴ƱǴߣڵλá
ۣԵĿ⣬֮һҲ۵ĺɫɴ
濴۲󣬳Ҳһٶףڶʮҵӡ
ȻûнۣҲ֪ڲ϶Գɿռ䡣򣬲ô߶С
ԿһȺ˵Ҳ֮ࡣ


1150 ׬ȡ񾧼ƻ
̻ĹԱά򣬵Ǵ½ۡ
ΪǴ̫࣬Ժ͹һʱ˳ۡ
ڲռȷʵܴ
棬Լоһǿơ
޾֮зУö˵ۣضǴƵĺ鱦Ľƣڵľܹӵġ
ǣߣ
һƷߣߵԵһȺոս۵ļʮǰһ߰
ƷߣԵȥ
㣬Ժס
סһ䣡
ߣһûֵסɱҡ
Ʒߺܲͷģ
Ժ͹ڣҲԷֵס
˵סʵһСĸ䡣һ䣬ȺͿȣҡҲ˵סֻƽס
ֱִʼ֮ǰԵȹ͵ƱˣҪסЩªĸ֮ڡ
һ񾧹ĴƱĴ
ôôСס𣿡
ԶһȻǿ̫СԲ̫⡣
ߣסطҲԼ䲻䡣Ʒ߷Цͣͱ͵Ʊ˵ߵƱһеƱǾסҲöࡣ
ǡ
ϻûԴ͸ʵһ㡣סĹȥƷ˵
סߣ˵ˡ
Щ͵Ʊߣһ룬񾳽綼ǣֻǸ߼ѡûǿʵ֧ţȻϵĹԱ汻ۣǵʱ˭˵ȥò׺ķһ񾧹ĴƱɾͰװˡ
ΪˣסߣҲŭԡ
Կ˿խĸ䣬Ҳε̾ϢһֻϷţҲͲ
Ҫ񾧾ͺˣ㲻ߵƱһеƱҲðи̾һ
ʼ򣬾·ϲκ⣬ҲҪʱ䡣ôʱ䣬ǲʧŴ
Խǰڴ˽
⻷ȷʵ˵㣬ҲֻһˡڿЦ˵
Ͽ׬ȡ񾧵ĵطʵ
ڽ֮ǰԻûϵ͵ƱĴôڿбҪ͵ƱеƱϾϵʱ䲻졢£ʱ䡣
ܰװ˷ʱ䡣
׬ȡ񾧣΢΢һ㶡
΢֮󣬹Ŀбų⡣
Խǰʵȥμ̨ս۵ײ̨ϣضս޲ʤڼ˵
۵в͵ײ㣬ֱһ̨ϵߣԲμ̨Զġ̨Զģȷʵһ׬ȡ񾧵ĺð취
ǰۣԶ۱Ⱦ˽Ҫöࡣ
ڹڿԵʵμӵײ̨սû˻ǾԵĶֻ֡Ҫʤʮ˳ģ񾧻ǹ
Ĳμ̨սʱҲԴһţרԻʤ׬ȡٵ񾧡񾧣ӲŻù
Ҫ֪ϣڵײ㣬ҲǿԹúڵġǰǣҪ㹻񾧡
˵۵ײҲרŵֻҪ񾧣ͿԽ
ٱ磬ϻ͵򲻵ϡҩֻҪ񾧣ͿԹ
ǧ˵˵񾧡û񾧣Ǿֻƽ׵ĸʵʵš
̨սų̈սȡ񾧵;𣿡
;֪ûʲôԿ׬ȡԴĵطˡˣһǸط߿໥֮佻סйصƷﵹǺóȥ
۹ٷҲչԴֵͨѹúܵ͡ɺ˵
ȻҲܿٻȡ񾧡ǰǣƷ
ǿȥԵ
ϵƷ٣ǺҪĶҲûдʲôǣԿǻʵĸ߼ʦ
ϣײռ䣬֮ϣʮ򶼿ܡңĳ϶񾳽磬Ըֵҩ󣬱Ȼܴ
ߣȥԵ˵
治ײסȥ
鴬ĽԵʣײסǳϡߣҪӯǾֻ񾧻ߵҩ䡣
ԶԽȤȻЩΪȻǰ·
ȥģ
뿪ס䣬һƷ߾üסˡ
λˣȥæЦ˵


1151 ̿ҵ
Ʒ߼̬ɫ΢һЩ֮ɫڡ
æǰȡһָֽԷСƷɨеָֽ¶Ц⡣ָֽڣмʮһ񾧡
ȥɣסҪߡǣԲܿ۵в㡣Ʒ߰ڰ֡
ǣǣϵĹأסͷ

ղ񾧸ˣ
뿪󣬾ԲſʵſƷһָֽ
һЩһ񾧣ϣ͵񾧿·ԽǰɱСЩͨԱǵǣӿɾѹˡڸп˵
ú˱۵ײ㽻
ʱΪδΣԽ١ߣϲǺܶࡣ
Ϊ֡һ̯λһ֣һЩɵķݽɵĵ
ϵߣҪʹ̯λߵǶҪ֧ͬġ
̻᷽棬ɲ߰װʹý
Ժ͹ˣڰ̯˿ʱֻкٵ̯λʹãڳƷҲѰһȦҲûзܿ۵Ķ
ԽǰһЩʲôҪһ̯λ֮Уѯʾԡ
򵥵̯λ²Уһ̡˵
޵̣ЩԾԽǰѵҪ۵ĶֻܶࣿƷһ̯λ㹻ʹõˡ̵޷ã̫ˣ
ûʲôҪۣ֮һ̣ΪЦ˵
ٴסˡ
ѵλԽǰһλʦ
ɻúܣҲҽ⻳˵
ɻ֮УһЩ˷ܡ֮ڣʦǱȽϳģҪ˵ˡλԽǰʦ׬ȡȷʵɡ

۵ߣҪ̯λ̣ͱԼɷá
Ժ͹һһ½Ӵˡ
Ե֮󣬹ֱ˵̯λޣǰȡá̯ͨλÿ޷ʮһ񾧡̯λ޷ÿʮһ񾧡
ǵ޼۸أʵ
Ҫ޵̣˿ԣ˵ͨĵ̣ÿ޷һһ񾧡ĵ̣һ񾧵ĵ޷á
ãȷʵǷǳ֮ǰ˵һ㶼û
ͨĵ̣һ޷ãҲﵽǧһ񾧡һ꣬Ǿڶһ񾧡
Ҫһۣ׬ȡ񾧼ֱ̫ˡÿͨƱ׬ȡ񾧣¾жʮһ񾧡۳ɱҲضʮһ֮ϡ
һͨĵ̰ɡûжԥ;Ҫһͨĵ̡
޵̣׼ġλãʵҪֻҪƫƧһ㣬ЩҪߣҲӵϾҲǺܴ󣬴ߵǱߣҲòһʱ䡣
һ°ɣԿ˿ָֽڵǧһ񾧣Щ񾧣Ҳ͹µ̡ͨ
˵Ҫֱһ£ǹʱһµ޷ãǧһ񾧡Щ񾧣ȻǹУǣҲܴл֡
ܼ򵥣ɹǧһ֮󣬾йԱԺ͹
ԼѡɣƬУֻҪǿõģѡ񡣡ԱָǰƬĵ̣Ծ˵
ڽȽ壬Ͼһһʱ䣬ԲŵõԼѡ̵Ļᡣ
һ̣һɣ
ԣȷɣҾ͵ǼˣǼ֮󣬱㲻ܸˡԱ˵
䣬ȷˡԵͷ˵
ţһڣ͹ʹˡһ֮Ҫʹãǰȥ޷ѡԱһ֣תȥ
Ժ͹ˣڹԱ뿪󣬲Ž̡
̷䲢󣬵ҪȾסЩúܶࡣң㣬þΪ⡣
ԽǰЩҩĿŷ䣬жԾʵ
Ƶͼ񵤰ɣҪǣȴ˾ͻ࣬׬ȡҲͿˡ˵һ£ֶԹڵڵѣһƹҵ棬־ͽлԻ͵̡
ã򵥣ңϾȥáظԾ˵
˵̷䣬յʱ󣬱߻۷ŹԾ˵Ի͵̵ѾҺˣٺ٣ھ͵ˡ


1152 һ
ڵѣҰæɡһһĳ͡ԶԹ˵
ô˵ڶʱϲ
Խǰ̫ˣæѡڳͣȫҪæЦ˵
ɱȾסƽ׵ĸˡԣ㾰ԲκγͣҲԸ
ʱ䣬ܿ͹ȥˡ
ԽǰˣһĶûУǲǵ̵λ̫ƫƧˣڱȾԻż
һʱ䣬һһ񾧰ȥһ񾧾ûˡ
żġ˵
ʵԼҲżúܣԼǧ񾧣Ҳ͹֧µ޷áʱûܽǵʱڣǵûصƽ׵ĸ䡣
죬ۿΣӰɳճкͷֻ˰ʱʱ䣬˱ܷۡ뿪ܷ֮ٶȲŽ
ۿΣײ㽻Ҳ֮
ڴ漱ҴҽԻ͵̣һģһòŮߡ
λҸղ˵ԽǰԽǰǼʦɳҲ쵱Ĵڡٺ٣ԽǰæǿҶˡڶŮ߽ܾԡ
ŹڵĻҲǿЦá
ʲôڰɳ쵱ǺԸûȥɳ򣬶ҲǼٵġ
Ҳ˲ףŮߣӦǹڴӽĿˡ
ڼеʱ䣬ϡǰ죬һ񣬵˵죬ǽһȽϺúƵĿ˴˵֮ڡ
ԼŮԼҲ¶һ΢Ц
Ůߣȴɵžԡ
ʦԽڰɳܴ󣿿ǣôû˵أŮҲɵҲӦں
һȻӴ󣬵֪ʦҲ࣬ǰɳĵ͵ЩʦͨҲӦжŲŶԡȴδ˵һֽԽʦ
ǺǣʲôģҪؼܽҩáԸЦһ֪Ҫһֵҩ
Զŵĵһλ˿ͣҲǷǳġңλ˿ͣǹںò׺ƹġһûɣһ֪Ҫȵʲôʱȥˡ
ʦŮȻЩɡ
ǻм٣ԽǰһӾһʱ䣬޷ѣǧһ񾧡ָͷǧ򼸸ҧرء
ȻŮ˵ǰһξһµĵ̣ϸ΢ı仯
ǧӣ֤ǰһʵġ
˵ǵ̿ҵ죬ǵһŵĹ˿͡Ϊ˱ʾлҿѰһ¯ҩұ֤ɵšԼŮ⶯ˣּһѻ
һ⣬ҲҪ
ѣɵţŮĿоһ
ԣҲǼ
ǰѵ𣿡Ůתת̽ʵ
ѵһֵ͵񵤡
ȻֵҩֵȻر󣬿ҲԲǲ쵤Ȼҩܱȵġ֮У쵤ǵ͵ȻҩϻеȻҩ赤ǸߵȻҩ
ҩǼ䳣ĵҩҲĵҩ
ѵҲǵ͵ȵҩ֮ڹһŰѵҲҪķʮһ񾧡
Ѷȣѵڵ͵ȵҩ֮УҪȻҩѵö࣬Ҳֻһ㡣ЩҪǧһ񾧲򵽵ĵ͵ȵҩѵͼ򵥶ˡ
ԣֻҪвϣκε͵ȵҩơûκγɡ
ߣţŮֹһҲûе˵
һ¯ѵҪƺãŮʵ
ʱ䡭һɣԸ˵յʱ䣬ŵֻо񾳽ŮߣʱĿڣ˵Ҫһʱ䡣
һʱһ¯ѵѾǷǳѸˡһĵ͵ʦһ¯ѵҪʱ
㲻ƭҰɣŮ񣬺ʱ󣬲ŵԲһ˫Ŀžʵ
һʱֲȫšЦЦ˵
áŮ˵ţóһݡݲϣ͵ǰҾȣϣһʱܿŰѵŮĿ˾һۡ
ԽӹϺ󣬱˶¥
ͷİɣԽǰΪǸ߼񾳽磬ôƭ㣿һݲϣҲͼʮһ񾧶ѡڴݵĶŮ˵
߼񣿡
ԽʦôᣬǸ߼񣿡Ůüһ£߼ôȴǵ͵Ʊ


1153 
۵ĵײУм񶼲̫࣬Ҫ˵Ǹ߼ˡ
߼񣬻Ѱ񾧹ߵƱܻԥɻʮ񾧹еƱǺɵġϾΪǰʼ
ԣԹڵĻŮ߲Ҳ
ԽǰǸ߼бҪ˵ѣ㿴ңôҲһһ񣬲һһǰĺƶ˵Ϊ֤ͷųϢ
ʵҲȷǲǸ߼ֻǿɱ񾳽ַ壬ʶ϶ԾǸ߼
λԽǰĲ͡Ůɫͷ˵
ڹͷųԼϢ͸Ӧڵľ֮ϡ˵ԼһӦòǼٻ
ţʱҲȥ
һʱ󣬾ԴӶ¥
ưѵھ˵̫ˣ˵һʱ䣬ǰյʱ䶼ҪԣܹƳ浤ĸߵʦ
Ůߺ͹ڣһӽĿ⿴ԡ
ʱڶЩšģʧܣϾڵϵѵȻǵ͵ȵҩҲһ͵ʦƵġ
ҩƳ㿴ɡ
ʱ򣬾Цſˣͬʱһƿ͵Ůǰ
Ůߣֽ˹æƿ˲˽ȥƿ棬ȻžӨ͸İѵ
Ů̽󣬱ü
ŰѵƷʶǳá
͵һĵҩҲƷġĵҩƷϵĲ࣬ҩЧӰ첢ǺܴƷʸߵƷʵ͵ĵҩߵѶȡƷԽߵ񵤣վԽԽףҲԽС
磬ǵòƷʵҩʹõƷʵҩ󲿷ҲǿԽܣҲǶ໨һЩʱհˡ
ǰٰƼ¯ѵ𣿡Ůƿ˫Ŀȵžԡ
ڣȫžǺʦˡƳƷʵİѵټʱһ㣬þӦеʦ
Ȼԡ
ղŵһ¯ҩѵģҪƣҾ͵շˡԻ˵
ʵ˵ĵһ¯ѣʵ׬Ҳ١һ¯ѵɵſţֻҪ˿Ŷѣʣµţ͹龰ԼˡŰѵֵҲܴﵽһ񾧡
ʦ磬׬ȡԴôݡ
Ȼԣ֪ǰһ¯ѵҪȡٷãŮڴʡ
һ¯ѵշѡʮһ񾧡Ѱ˼һ£˵һ֡
ãҲߡһ¯ɵŸƷʰѵֻȡʮһ񾧣֮ڣշҲԽϵ͵ġһ¯ɵţ֤ȡһһ񾧣ҪҲܽܵġ
û⣬鷳ǰ¯ѵŮ۸ûκּۻֱۣӾʹӦ
ķãһὫҩƳٸҲ١ԶѾóķݰѵȡһõŮ˵
ãǰġǰҵֽлءл¶ܺÿЦݿž˵
ţ¯ѵҲò̫áлصѣŰɡԽӹϺ˵һ䡣
תٴ¥ľԱӰлվһĹڣ۾ˡ
ԽǰʦǺʦ
̫ˣ̫ˡмתͷ
ĵģȫûˡ֮ǰҲ¾ҩΪƭӡڣȻҪֵˡ
ʱ󣬾Աٴˡ
¯ѵҪʮŵҩлءʮŵҩװƿ֮ڣһƿ͵лǰ
ȻԾԵ˼֣лػϸ鿴ƿڵİѵ
ǸƷʵİѵ
ǰ̫ˡ
һ񾧡лƿ󣬿ȡһָֽ
ָֽڣպһ񾧡
ԽӹֱָֽҲûȥ鿴Ŀ
лصѣ´ҪƵҩҡκε͵ȵҩҶơеȵҩҲҡշѣԹԶлЦ˵
еȵҩлתȻеʦ
һ
ǰҾȸˡлع˹֣ת뿪̡

ԽǰһṦ׬һ񾧡Ŀеļɫûʧ׬񾧣ƺȾԻˡ
úܣ빺еƱԶϣΪл⼸¯ѵһõĿˡԲ˵
ڿɲ֪⼸¯ѵΪԴԶԶֹһ񾧡


1154 ͷ
ԷһлṩĲ¯ѵõҩܼʮ֮ࡣЩҩ֮УֻлʮţʮŰѵͽ˾Ե˽
ʮŰѵֵһǧһ֮ϣټһ񾧵ãԻһǧ߰һ񾧡
ڲһʱʱһǧ߰һ񾧡
⻹Ƶ͵ȵҩеߵȵҩ󻹻ɼαӡ
ʱ򣬾Ҳ˿ÿ춼һ⣬ôò˶ãܻܳеƱĻѡ
ԽǰҼȥˡԽԽ֣ǵ̵⣬ҲԽԽá˵ţѾȲ߳˵̡

ĳ
ʦ֣лؿȺмϤĽӰæֳк
лصǼߣ첽лǰ
Ѿлغһᣬڼлû£ŷ
ʦãȥˣǶڽһתۣͲˡòΪߣü𱸵˵
Ȼ𱸣ܿóȷʵܹлء
Сʦãɲˡҵúܣر࣬ҪΣô죿һЦһ˵
λʦֽѵǣ֪ˣ´α֤һˡлͷ˵ղţҲǱӲߵġ
ǼˣǰɳͬһŵġǧǰڵΪһŸһţûӳǼˡӳź󣬻׷ɱĴأվǰߵ򣬵Ƚʵ㹻ǿٻصɳ򸴳
һĸˣĸ֮УʵǿΪ񾳽Ϊ
۵ĵײڣĸ£ȫϵܹ֤һмڵײҲǶˡ
лصʵĸͣṳ̂񾳽硣Сʦã˶չ˵úܡ
ʦ֣ǿ
лĿд˷ܣƿȡ˳뾰԰æƳİѵ
ʲôҩ𣿡ׯ˵ʱѽƿӵС
ׯ壬ĸʵǿ
лûлشĿׯԼ鿴
⡭ǸƷʰѵ
СʦãⵤҩŪֵģ
ĸ˹ϵܣÿϵԴҲһл϶ЩƷʰѵׯŻѯлأҩǴʲôطõġ
ʦãЩҩ㹺İɣ˵ϸֵҩȽϹ㻨˶Щҩһҡҡͷ˵
ЩҩģһλʦƳġлæ˵
ʦ
ʦʦãղһ뿪ȥǸʦˣׯЩʵ
ǰлصͷλʦĺ¯ѵһֻðʱʱɡңûܵͣһ¯ѵֻȡʮһ񾧵ķá
У¯ѵУһ¯Ƶġ¯ҩֻһ񾧡лȵ˵
¯ʦʮŸƷʰѵׯҲˣղ̫⣬ڣȴܲˡ
л˵ģλʦȷʵǳǿ
ǰλʦ˺ܺãҿҲᡣл˵
СʦãλʦǶ𣿡ׯʵ
ǵģλʦרһӣ˵´Ҫȥκε͵񵤣еҲơл¶׵ı˵
ʦãǹȥе񵤣Ƕ˵һϢһ·УҲҪϵʱ䡣ܵõҪĵҩϣҲ̫ࡣׯ˵
ˣҲŵͷ
һṦĸ˾ͳڻԻ͵֮ǰ
λʦ֣λʦĵˡлָŻԻ͵˵
лĸ˽뵤̵ʱ򣬾ڳһЩѵЩ͵񵤰ѵھ˵Ѿûʲôôó
԰ڳƿÿƿ֮ڣŰѵڵҩĳۼ۸񣬾ԻûоùڿŰ졣˵ģ︺۵ҩӦǱȽϺʡ
ǰˡлؽ󣬿ԣ¶Цݴк
ׯлصĻһ
ǽʱ򣬵ȻҲһʱ俴˾ԡһӡ֮£ǲûоãǰ˾л˵λʦΪԵͣù֡
Ȼл֮ǰͶ˵λʦᣬһ׼ʱл˵Ļĳһ
лصѰԿлزԼٴλͬ飬Ҳһϲ


1155 
ʦ֣λǸղ˵Խǰʦлߵ˽ܾԡ
ھԴׯ˵ͬʱׯͬžԿ
ӡ֮УʦͨͱȽϴ󡣾ʦҲֻƲ쵤ĵ͵ʦ
лʦȴǣλԽʦе񵤶ơ
ѵֻǿᣬʵͲСׯֹ
ûԵϸ֮ǰҲóȻ̽龰ԡȻ񾳽磬Ծϵ͵ߣ̽ԷԷҲ޴Ӳǣʱׯ壬ȴðա
һǰˣʵĺǿóȻɾ͵òʧˡ
ûκһߣϲ̽Լ
Ȼų̽龰ԣҲʲôջ񡣾ϵĲ̫࣬ˣ˵񣬾ǾںѴӾ̽ʲôϢ
ǰգʱ֮ׯ͹Լ
ˣׯ񣬱Ҳż
˲֣ǰ˵û汾£ȹһԲǻ¡
λѲؿ԰֣΢Ц
⼸ǰԿһӶûСװģǾԱͲϲڼӵˡͱ˵ڹǰʶڵʱ򣬾Ծû˿İڼӡ
ǰ̨ϰڷŵģǵҩлע⵽˾Ĺ̨ڣƿ
һʱ򣬵ûκεҩۡ
лôһʣԶʱЩˡ
Ҳȷʵû뵽лôͻ֪лҪҲͲżѵڳˡ
л֪Լ۵ĵҩǰѵǶԷ΢һ룬¾뵽Щѵ֮ǰʱ򱻾˽ġ
ȡȷʵǵҩ涼ǰѵȻлˣȻҲܲش
Ҳû¡
һ¯ҩɵţǸƷʣлѾתˣӦǡ
ѵׯ˵ƿڵĵҩǰѵһ˿лأ˲²⡣
ҲǴˣû˵еĲ²⡣
ǰܿЩҩ𣿡ׯ漴˵
ȻԣЩҩǳ۵ġ֣ƿȡڹ̨ϣׯǰ鿴
ǸƷʰѵ
һƿţƿʮŵҩ
λԽǰ֮ǰлʦ¯ѵѾʮŵҩʦáôʮŵҩҲ¯˵λԽǰһ¯ѵܳɵţׯ͵һͷ
һ¯ɵŸƷʰѵȻǿ
Խǰ֪Щѵ۸ǣׯת֮󣬿ٽƽתĿʵ
Ǻǡ¿ҵлصǵһλ˻Ի͵̵ĿˣȻлصѵѣЩҩļ۸ȻߡȫͰÿһʮһ񾧼ɡԶ˶˵
ߵƷʵİѵʮһ񾧣֮ڣõ
۸ȷʵǷǳʵˡ
۸ׯˣȻĶúܡ
ׯûԥֱӾóһ񾧽ԡ
񾳽˵ѵѾûʲôЧǶδ̤񾳽л˵ѵȴѵõĺ񵤡һЩѵлСʦþһЩʱ䣬񾳽硣
Խǰ֪ܲƻƿлׯֶԾʵ
Ҳǵ͵ȵҩ
ڸֵ͵УȴǶ񵤡
ѶȣϻеȻ񵤻ҪһЩ
֮УֻеʦƳ
ׯѯʾܷƻҲ̽˼һȷԾǲеʦеʦô뾰԰æһЩе񵤡
Ҫе񵤣ֵǳߡڵĵǣֱӽе񵤵ĲϸԣһûȥһʱֱӸʧܲϱϣʧɾʹˡ
ĲϣȻҲ󣬲ʧһݲϣҲͶһ񾧣ׯҲܳܵ
ԣֻҪвϣͿԡԴһӡ
ãԽǰһ¯ׯ˵
ƻѶҪһЩãҪȰѵ߳ܶࡣЦе˵һ¯ĻҪһ񾧷á
лǰ˵ļ۸ׯûκγɡ
ãȷʵʵڡһŻֵڶһϡһ¯ɵţǾͺˡ
һʱ䡣ԽӹϺ󣬶Լ仰ת¥
Ȼʱڣһ¥ʱһҲûʲôõĵġ
ʦ֣ôЩװһüһʱƳ


1156 
ǵ͵Ƶһҩ
һʱƳһ¯ȷʵЩš
һеģԽǰмʦУӦöǱȽĴڡ˵һʱƳ϶
лضԾԣĶġ
лصĻׯЦҡҡͷԼСʦãʱǹˣ˲ġ
ɲɣǵһʱǣʧһݻĲϰˡׯ˵
ǬС֮ڣȡͱԴŴӵ¯ڸոȡľſŻ
Խſŵҩװƿ֮ڣһʢţһʢšʢŻƿԺҪׯ塢лصˡ
ҩƽֱĿ񣬹յʱųǬС̶¥صһ¥
ǰׯ˼׷׹֡
λõˡ΢Ц
˵䣬Խһƿȡ˳¯ҩƻ˳ǲ鿴һ°ɣ
תƿׯ建˹ȥ
ڿƿڵŻ֮ׯĺԱôһЩ̬֮䣬ԾԵ𾴣ֶ֪˼֡
ڣԶ϶һλмʦˡ
۵ĵײ㣬Ȼмʦò˵ǵȷʵ
Ҫ֪֮ǰڰɳ֮ڣҲҲмʦæ֪һЩмʦס֮أǵȥ˼Ҳδػǡ
һ˵üмʦ˼ҪȡãҲǷǳ߰ġң˼һ֤ҩٷְƳɹ
ׯѸȡһ񾧣ĵ͸ԡ
һ¯ȡķǶһ񾧡ׯһ¯ҩǳ⣬ŻԶǸƷʡ
ԽǰǷе񵤣ׯʵ
ԣֻҪṩӦĲϡҲһϲе񵤣ŴԶǵ͵ܱȵġ
ղžҲׯ̽Լׯм񣬵͵񵤶мѾû̫ЧԾԤϵׯԼæе񵤡
һ¯ȫһ¯ڵׯ΢΢ǰܰæ
ȫͽڵе񵤡
֮Уֵҩļֵﵽǧһ񾧡Ǳȫʱϣ۸һǧһ񾧡ֵҩмкܴĸá
˵ֵҩҶơҪһЩ¯ҩҪȡǧһ񾧵áѹеû˵
ָлǰܹæûκ⡣ׯٴι
֮ƱȫͽڵҪĲȡͬʱҲóǧһ񾧵ãһ𽻸ԡ
м񵤵ƣҪʱ᳤һЩʮʱ֮ٹȡԽׯóĲϺ񾧽ӵк󣬶Լ˵
õģǵʮʱٹȡׯæ˵ǣͲǰȸˡ
΢΢ͷ
лĸ˳˵̺󣬾Բ۾ϵ̵Ķ¥
¯еƳʱ˲ʱЩҩֱװһƿ֮ڡ
ʱһ¥ڴߣѾ˽ӽյʱ䡣
ˣҲǱڴӽĹ˿͡ڻصڣûһ¥֪һڶ¥
ڶ¥ʱ򣬹Ȼòȥţ;οԵһᡣ
˵ǲˣǣ˵ʦأһ˵ȵЩͷˣûĶԹʡ
λ벻ҪżԽǰ¥ϣʱææЦĽ͡
Ȼ¥ϣȥܲˣһֱɵŰɣһҲü˵
ǣһֱѵǻһֱŲɣ˵ǲʦһءʦҪĵҩҲδƳһ˵
λֵܣԽǰǷǳʦԽǰԲʧһֱЦݡ
ߣҪǵҲԡǰ׵ȣ˵ǸʦǲܰƵҩҪ⳥ǵʱʧϾǵʱҲǺܱġһƲƲ죬Ŀо˵
Щ޷ˡ
ʱ򣬾ԴӶ¥˵ĶԻˡ
ҾԽλҪʲôҩֱӿ˵
ˣǵͼ񾳽ߡ
Խʦ㲻ʱ䡣޷ƳҪĵҩɵ⳥ʧ˶žԣһתת˵


1157 թ
ڼ֮ǰͺܻɹڵĻ
ʱԺ˾϶ԼǱƭˡԿ̫ˣͣôһλʦ
ȻƭӣٲҪŪˮ
ƭӣȻһ䵤̣ϵˮض١óǧ񾧳Ҳһˡ
λƺֵҩ۾𣬽еĲãܺõ
˵˼ӲԵ۾
޵𣿡Ҫ⳥ʧˣЦ˵
˼ƽϣѯҪƺֵҩſֱӾ˵޵
޵ҲǷǳƵеȵҩһ޵ڣֵܴﵽǧһ񾧡
ֻҪṩӦĲϣұơЦһȴࡣ
ƣüͷһ壬ҽϸ㣬㲻֮ңʧܣٰɣ
ԳƬ̲˵Ա֤Ƴɹ
ʧô˵˼ԥжʱһϲþ˵ڲƭǡ
ʧܡҿ⳥ʧɫҲǺ
Ȼǹġ
޵Ʋ𣿡׷һ䡣
Ȼһۣ˵ͷ
޵Ĳϣȷʵһݡ
Сʧܣ⳥ǧһ񾧵ʧ򣬿ɾͲҪǲˣһ˵
ԣ޵ȡķûȽϸһЩһ¯Ҫȡǧһ񾧵áṩϣȻǧһ񾧣ôԺҾͿΪƵҩˡ
ǧһ񾧵ã۸񣬿˵Ƿǳˡ֮Уһ¯޵ձȡķãҲǧһҡ
ǧ㿪ʲôЦһҪãʱ۸񣬳Ԥ̫ˣֱǧһ񾧣ֱȥ޵ˡ
ṩϣȻҪȡǧһ񾧵ķãʨӴſڣֱҪˡ
ǧһã١ҿԱ֤ɹһ¯ҩٳɵšǹҪһ߼۸ʱȻòá
Ǻǡʧܣ㲻Ҫ⳥ǧһ񾧣Ҫǧ񾧵ķ÷ʵϸߵˣʾһ˲Ҫ˵Ȼſ˵
þǹҪһ߼ۣͼǡ
ߺߣô׾ͱ˵ģ
ԣԵͷ
⣬øһʱޡһ¯޵Ҫʱ䣿Ϊϸߵߣʵ
Ҫ̫ãһʱ㹻ˡǾƣԽϺǧڸңʱǿԹȡ˵
һʱ䣿ԣ㽫ҩƳ֮ǰǾͲˣǾš˵ʱϺ񾧶ȡ˳
Լ뿪ƭֱˡ
ʱ䣬ûҩƳɾͲҪǷˡУʱûӶ¥ǻԵ¥㡣дɭɭвζ
ԽϺ񾧽ӹЩʧĹ˵ڣλ˼ȻҪȣǰɣ
áðɣֹӡ
ʱ򣬹жЩˡҪ֪˻ˣ϶Ὣ˴Ի͵
ȻҲڹ£Ҫթ񾧡£һ¯޵ôԸǧ񾧵ķã
˾׼ƲԲԸǧ񾧷áһʧܣǿɾҪǧ׷ȥˣһҪԻ͵⳥ǧ񾧵ʧ
ֹ֮뵽ԵΪһ߼ͼƺҲûʲôµġ
ʱʧˣ쵰Σ֣ǾԼˣ
ʮʱ
лءׯٴνԻ͵̡
ڵѣлؿڣȿڴһк
ׯˣҲ֪ڡ֮ǰлؽԼҵԻ͵̵Ḷ́ׯ˶˵һ顣ǹڣлԼǼˣǲԻ͵̣ӲҾ԰æƵҩ
лصѣҲվ˹֡
λҵʦ֡ʦ֣λǹڵѡлؽ˵
˼򵥵ĺ˼䡣
λҲԽǰ𣿡ׯ忴򷿼ˡ
ǣڵĿɨͷׯ˵
ׯЦŶ˵˵ͷˣȴûκηӦȻǲׯ˶˵
УȴһЩոսļ˵ĻƺҲĻѾڻԻ͵ƹҩ


1158 һҪʧ
˿ǸԽһλʦ
ոսĸˣǹڵ̬ȿ⼸˶֮ǰ͵
Ȼ֮жһۣĴ㵺ָֻܿ糣
ԽʦҲΪԷܹƳ޵һʧܣ˾ܵõǧһ񾧵⳥һ޵ϣҲǧһ񾧶ѣ۳ɱҲ׬ȡǧһҡ
ھԼʱ䣬ֻʣʱ
ʱĽӽǧһ񾧣˵ԲСĿ˶ǵͼϵĲƸǺܶ࣬ڹŵ͵Ʊ֮
ׯû˵˼ҲʶȤջĿ⡣
ڵѣԽǰʱæ𣿡ׯĿתʵ
ţλ޵ɨһ˵
ʲô
⡭
ԽǰӦǣһ¯ȫһ¯ڵׯüЩˡ
ʮʱʱ䣬Ʊȫͽڵ¯ҩܿճʱ޵
ѵԽǰûǵıȫڵ˵޵
ׯ弸ˣл֮⣬ɫò̫ÿ
ׯ弸˵֪⼸Լȥһʱ䣬ҹƵҩе񵤡
ܿ˹
λҪżԽǰѾҪĵҩƺˣŰ޵æЦ˵
ׯȻüû˵
ʦ֣㲻õģԽǰ϶ὫǵĵҩƳġлصĴ󣬶Ծķǳ㡣
ҿһϵˡ޵ߣһͻȻЦ˵
λѺγԣׯüʵ
⻹öʣŵ顣˵Խʱ䣬Ҳ֮ǰáڣԲһʱ䡣ҪƵĵҩ¯ֱǱȫͽڵҪƵһ¯޵
Լúһ룬һʦôһ֮ڣ¯ҩȫƳ϶ׯ弸ϵƭˡ
ңϲһԽһ˵¯ҩʧˡṩĲϣɾͰװʧˡһҲֻĿ˵
λԽǰΪԽǰæ޵ׯһʵ
Ҳ£ԽԼûһʱڽ޵ƳҪ⳥ǵʧԣһ㶼ˣƲƲ˵
㲻ҪԽǰԲƭӡлؽȵ
ߣ֪Ůˣ߿лһֹۣ
ڶͷϣʼðˡڵЩղˡ
ڵЩˣл֮⣬ȫ񾳽ߡͣסӡ
ԣʲôˣֻܵԽǰԴ
һ¥ڣðЩ졣ڽһʱڣûٿ˵
һʱ֮
һɫӰӶ¥첽ߡ
ˣ
Կһ¥ۼˣЦЦ˵
Խǰׯ弸ȻûףԽǰѾȻ𾴣Խǰô˵
޵ƺˣҪ޵ߣಡһվžʵ
ɨһ˵ȱż⼸λǰ棬ҽǵĵҩ֮󣬲ֵλ
ׯѣҪһ¯ȫһ¯ڵ԰ɣֿׯ弸ˡ
ǡׯͷ
ǲ鿴һµҩԽ׼õƿ͵ׯǰ
˵ԽǰὫǵĵҩƺõġл˵
ׯӹƿٴ򿪣͸鿴
һƿ֮ׯɫͷǳÿˡƿڣŸƷʵıȫûκ⡣ţֲ鿴һƿͬŵҩ棬ǽڵ
űȫŽڵǸƷʡԽǰٴʾлׯҩ
֮ǰĵģ̼ʧӰ١
ºֺݺݵһۡţΪ쵰ĻԽǰ
ʱҪ޵ߣɫѿˡ
ǵһͷǻ⼸ԽϷ΢һ룬ַͷ
ֵ˰ɣһ˴ߴ˵
ȻҪ򶨣Ǵʱ˿̣޷򶨵ԽƳ޵ʧɾʹˣҲʧǧһ񾧡
һҪʧܣһҪʧܡĿĶžԡ


1159 
ָ΢΢һϷһƿʱֶ
޵Ѿƺˡλ鿴һ°ɣ
ƿھһٷɵʵԽϸߵǰ
ˣӶҪɳһǿҵĲӦ
ǰƿߺܲӹ鿴ǣֲòӹƿ
ƿõУ̵Ĵ򿪡
棬޵
ȫһ׻군ˣοˡ
ӿֶһûнƿȡǽĿٴοԡ
ȻȷǰԽ񣬾һλǿʦƽʱʦ϶ϹϾ򲻵ѣԲȥʦ
ڵǣʵʵ޵һ˵ʧ̫ˡʧ۰
һݣܲôˣ֮ǰѾˡ
ҩ̫԰ɣĿ֮ɫ˵
ŶƿڣĪǲ޵Ҳ
˺£ԵȻҲ㡣
ȷʵ޵ȴǸƷʵ޵ңֻŵҩҡͷ
ЦЦ
óȥ޵ȷʵǵƷʵġ⣬ҲǾԹΪ
һŵƷʵ޵֮У۸ɴﲻǧһ񾧡һ˵Ʒ޵һǧһţҲǧһ񾧵ӡ
ʱ򣬾ԲٿǬȹ֮ǰòݵҩʧһЩŵ£һ¯޵ȻɵſţȴûдﵽƷʡ
ڵѣ鷳ȥ̯һЩ˹֡ԶԹڴ˵
ԵĴһ㶣˾ԵĴ㡣
Ծ΢ɲĵ˵ͷ󣬹ھȻ뿪˵̡
ף־ͼ򵥶ˡ
¼䣬ˣϲ֣ҿֲ¶
Σ
֮ǰԼǱ֤ɹҳɵšԼʱ򣬿û˵иƷʵҩԵĮ˵
㽻ǵĵҩÿһ¯ȴţҶǸƷʵĵҩҧ˵
ǣһĽûꡣһҲϣԾʩѹ
ԽʦҲû̫ҪֻҪŸƷʵ޵Ͼ뿪Ϊϸ߻һת˵
ŸƷ޵ֵĻǾȫˡ
£ׯˣһ˵ԽǰʲôϵߣҪ£ҵҪûˡ
ʦ֣ᣬղ˵ԽǰƭӣԽǰǽҩƳǲлôߣɶ񣡡лüҲˡ
ô˶࣬۸˲ɣɫ˱䡣
۸ǣǣ治ֵ۸Ի͵̲ӭǣڣ̹ȥϢ΢΢һ
һĽǾߡΪ˶࣬Ǿͻǣ߹Ųӽ¡
ˣȥˣѾԽʦ׵ˣԳŵף¿ˮ̾ǡ

ʱһȺȴ½뵽֮С
̶ʱ䣬ʮҺ滹˽
ܿ죬̵һ¥Եӵ
ЩսߣϾͷ˵ڵղԣһĿ¶⡣
ô£
Ҫ𣿡
ȷʵгͻЩ˵ϢǿӦö񾳽߰ɣ
ֹЩ֮š
˿ô˽ɫ͸ѿˣȻûȴ˼
λѣܵ˹˹֡
Խһλʦ䵤޵ġˣҪһ¯޵죬ҽƺõ޵ǣȴ˵˵ҸòöԸǣԻ˵
ǻʲôְɣǶ￴ţһߣ̾˷ܵĴ˵
㲻Ҫ£ǿиɵģȵ
Ǻǣʱ䣬Ҫ޵ʱԼұ֤ɹһὫ޵ǡУ޵ҵҪǣõ˵ҩ֮뿪ҪʲôЦ˵
ʶĿ˿е޵һź뵶
ߣշô󣬼ֱǺĵʦ֮Уһ¯޵Ҳշǧ񾧣ȴҪǧ񾧡Ǿշѹˣѵ£һҧгݵ˵
ʲôһ¯޵շǧ񾧣
⻹Щ󰡣ҪһЩҲһӷһ
˽


1160 ȵ
ׯ弸ҲЩơ
λԽǰ֮ǰƵҩȡķ֮ڵı׼շѻ͡ɰ޵Ϊȴȡ߳һķã
ܵĵȴûκεĽ
ˣԼõٵ֧֣ŵǷɫһɨա
ȷʵȡǧһ񾧵ãҲȷʵǧһ񾧵ķáԲŲæĻ˵
Ƕȡķò⣬Ϊ̫ˣΪԸ֧ǧһ񾧣Իһת˷ʡ
ܵˣһʣʱһ㶡
ǰ㲻ãΪʲôҪ֧
Ȼ֧ãΪڵҩƳõֺ󣬲ģ
һЩתÿˣѾԼ³ڡ
ô˵ˣ
Ȼǲ˵Ҿ˵
ǶλȷʵԸ֧ǧã֧֮ȫΪѹͲΪƳҪƵ޵
֮ԼҲܽ޵ƳҪǧһ񾧷⳥ǧһ񾧵ĲϷá
һʼǾʹҪթң
һ仰Ȼȶ
ˣ͵һǸоһɿֲϢӾѹȹһĺ⣬ȫ
˵ûֹͣڡ
λѣԻ͵̳нӸֵҩơǸ߼񵤣ֻҪṩϣҲԹǢ̸ˡڷãλҪκεģԱȡò⣬ѡУ⼸λѣ֮ǰƹҩǶȡķãͱȽ⡣ׯˡ
Ǻǣ֮ǰԽǰһ¯ڵһ¯ȫе񵤣ڵƷã˶֪Խǰ¯ҩֻǧһ񾧶ѡׯǡվ˳
ڵͱȫ¯ҩֻȡǧһ񾧣
⡭˰
ȷʵǱˣڰɳ֮ڣ۸Ҳҵʦƣʦϵܺá
ȵȣղԽǰ˵ߵҲƣʱȻʶԸղ˵Ļ
λԽǰѵǸ߼ʦ
⡭ǲ̫ˣ
߻һܵȺȻž
һĿ⣬ԡ
߼ʦһ֮УǾǷëһĴڡڵ͵ڣһҲҲٸ߼ʦ
һ߼ʦȻ۵ĵײ㴬֮ڣֱ췽ҹ̷
Խǰ㡭ѵǸ߼ʦһ˻ָԾʵ
ţȷʵһЩߵ񵤡λѣĪҪƸߵ񵤣Цʵ
ҿûЩ۲ϣǶǸ߼ǿʹõĵҩһͼò𡣡ɫ˵ȴ
λѣҪԽǰߵʱòǵ͵񵤺е񵤣ǰԽǰƵĵҩÿһ¯ŸƷʵҩУҲҵʦׯٴο˵ˡ
ô
ԽǰǸ߼ʦˡ

֮ڣޱȵҡ
թߣɥɫҰ
űԵѹȣ֪ԵΪԱǸߣľս֮ȥ֪ԿǸ߼ʦ֮һ˿ҲʧӰ١
һΣֻϵùˡ
ôû뿪ѵҪǳȥԵĿ⣬ٴοˡ
ߣߡԽǰ֮ǰе˲С˹˵ôһ仰󣬱ͷҲصĴܳ˵̡
ԽǰھͿ𣿡ѾȲҪ뾰ˡ
ڲСɣһ󣬻Ի͵ʽн롣һ֮ҪĵѣԻ͵̣ҹڵ顣
ҪڵһЩ£Ի͵̣ʱͲӴλˡ˹˹˵
ԵĻЩ¶ʧ֮ɫ뵽ֻҪȴһ죬Ҳɽܡ
ȸˡ
ȻԽǰ飬Ҳˡ
ڵˣ½ȥһ֮󣬸Ի͵̡Ȼ˶ûǣкܴһˣԾԵȻšȻҲҪƵҩɻǴȵٿλԽǰǲʵ
ׯ弸ˣԸǵġԶԼˣӡȷʵȥ֮ǰһŵֻҪԼڵײ㴬ڣǼҪȰš
Դˣׯ弸ˣָл


1161 򿪾
ׯ塢л뿪󣬵ڣֻʣ¾Ժ͹ˡ
ЩҪһ֮Ի͵̣ȻΪһЩ飬ҪԹڽһ
۵ײ㽻Ի͵̵⣬µǴһľ档ֻҪڽһʱ䣬ܰʱƳ˿ҪĵҩԺ̵⣬ҲͲҪȥˡ
ʮһ񾧣ƺܶ࣬ԾԵҪ׬ȡʮһ񾧣Ҳ̫ѵ顣
ڵѣ鵤̵ľӪ⡣Ź˵
ԽǰֻܷԸҾǡȣղŵ˷ܾڻûɢȥ
ȻףԻ͵̼ȥǲˡ̵޷Ȼ󣬿ԽǰЩ޷ѣëëˡ
ղ˵ҪЩ˿һ֮ʱ򣬹ڵѾͰæͳһ£󵽵˳κε͵ȵҩеȵҩɳнӣֻҪԷóӦϣͱ֤ܹƳҩңԱ֤ÿһ¯ɵš
ȡķã۸ҲҪ̫󣬱֮ڵı׼۸߳ɾǡ
ԷҪƵǵ͵񵤣öԷ֮ȡǶԷҪе񵤣öԷ֮ȡ
һЩϸϵ飬Լͺáʵò׼ģȸȼҵʱٸңᡣ
ڵѣЩûɣҲͼ򵥵Ľһ¡
ȫû⣬ңԽǰɷġظ˵
С£Բ⣬֤ƯƯġ
⣬ڣҲһЩҩֽһƿ˳ƿڵĵҩԷڹ̨ڳۣۼҲ
ô൤ҩڿóƿмʮ֮ࡣ
óĵҩȷʵ١ڣʮŰѵлʮţлصʮţʣ¶ʮŰѵ
ƵľſŻʣšƵе񵤱ȫڵʣš޵ʣ߿š
Ե͵ȵҩһƿʢšеȵҩһƿʢһšԣʹ˼ʮƿ
ںܿͽƿڵĸֵҩ鿴һ顣ԡЩҩƺԽǰ֮ƳģϽĵҩٽҩ͵һ
ͻȻʶԽǰƵÿһ¯ҩƺɵſš
ôܣ޷Լ뵽ģʵ
ڰɳڣδ˵ʦƳһ¯ſŵҩǸ߼ʦƵ͵񵤣ƺżһԲÿһ¯ҩǳɵſš
һ󣬹ڲƽĿžԡ
Խǰ㲻Ǹ߼ʦɣڲʵ
ţȷʵǸ߼ʦһЩ߼ҩҲƳײ֮УҲҪ߼񵤡׿ڳԼǸ߼ʦ
֮ǰһʱ䣬Խǰһ߶ԻʾǲƸ߼񵤣˵ֻҪṩϾơ
ʱڻΪԽǰֻΪԼӰ˵ġû뵽Խǰǵλĸ߼ʦ
СĵĽһƿŵ̨ڣÿһֵҩıǡ
ԽǰЩҩۼۣЩ㶨ԸղҪԼŶۣҩ΢㣬Ǽֵ񾧵ĵҩ۸ûôǿ
㲻ѹЩҩڵļ۸ӦﵤҩۼۣҲ̫ߣڵļ۸΢һͿԡҵ˼ǣЩҩٳ۳ȥ˵õĽ˵
áðɣˡڵ˵ͷ
һʱ֮
ڶ¥ûӴ˿͵ģɹһ˳档
ȷʵΪˣ˭ЦǺǵģ۶Է񣬹ڶЦӭң˳򣬹Ҳȫչ죬ΪԷ͹⽫ʱѺɣȡ񾳽ߵĺøС
ȡķãҲԵ˼΢ļ۸ϼһ㡣ļ۸񣬲ûЩҪߵִҶ֪ʱԼϣڡ
ҾڣҵʵʦΪԼҲһ׵顣
һʱ䣬ھӵӣȻЩ֮У嵥ǵ͵񵤣ֻһߵ񵤡ȻһõĿʼԺǰе񵤵ߣԽԽࡣ
̨ڰڷŵĵҩҲȥһ֡


1162 Ʋ
һǧ򣬼ϳ۵ҩǧ棬Ǵﵽ˰ǧ롣
ÿ뵽׬ȡԴٶȣھͲ١ЩԴģԽǰģҲǿƲסе˷ܡ
ڶ죬Ի͵ٴνӵĵίУĵίУҪ͵񵤣շֻһǧ񾧡
˵죬Ի͵̽һί嵥͵ίɣÿһλõԼҪŸƷʵ͵ȵҩ˼ί
֮ϢٴδԽԽˣ˻Ի͵̵ʵ
ίĵӣӮڡڵڣʮίгڹУίе񵤵ƣʮǵ͵ȵҩơ
Ի͵ȡãǸߴǧһ֮ޡ
ίе΢һ㣬죬ٴࡣΪһ죬Ի͵̽һе񵤵ί˳ɡãԻ͵۵ײ׻
ʮʱȥˣԻ͵̹ȡķãͳʮһ񾧣⻹۵ĸֵҩ롣
ʮھԵ֮£ڿʼÿίе۵͵ȻеȵҩίУÿԻ͵ʮ롣
ʱƣӽһ֮󣬻Ի͵̵Ĺ̨Ҳӯڹ̨ڣֶ߽Ϊŵĵҩ붼ҵ
Ի͵̣ÿһʱͣʱ䡣ʱ䣬ҲǾڹͨʱ䡣
һգͣʱڣԴӶ¥һ¥ƳĵҩڣֽµĲ˹ȥ
ڵѣ̵ʱ䵽ˣһȥһ˹һ¡ԶԹڶ˵
ãһȥ޷áæ˵
һǧһ񾧵޷ãڵĻԻ͵˵ȫëëѣǳɡ
ɷ
ӴڵĹ£Ȼһ֮ǰλڹ˵ҪһºϾʹӦ
ǧ񾧵޷áȡ֮ǰ׼õǧһ񾧣ǰ
ǧһ񾧣
㲻Ҫһʱǧһ񾧣ֻǼʱġ£ȴûнӹ񾧣ҡͷ˵
ʲô
´ˣǲŪˣǻԻ͵޵̣޷ÿһ񾧡һ֮ǰǾǧһ񾧣һʱ䡣üͷһ塣
Ǻǣ㲻Ҫż˵ȡ޷ãҲģݵġȴæĻ˵ţһ֮ǰһ̣ȷʵǻǧһ񾧡ʱǼ̣޷ȷʵһһÿ죬һû
ɴһʱһʱҲǵضΣѾƫƧǽķ޷ãȻͬնˡЦе˵ĿȴǾ
ʱ򣬹ڵȻ׶Է˼ˡ
Է֪Ի͵׬ȡ񾧵ۺˣҪݺݵóһһ񾧵޷ãһʱ䣬һǧһ񾧡
Ի͵һһ£Ǿ͵ڶ໨һǧһ񾧡
ڲЩŭ⽻Ĺ治
޷ҪȥԽǰᡣǧ񾧣ǹ˵
໨ǧ˰񾧣ǿֱˡǹҲ̫ĺˣһӾҪһǧһ񾧡
ֱǳթ
Ի͵̡
˵ǹҪһ޼۸ȡãҲ˫üһ˿ŭӿ
ǰҲ̫ɶˣǿǵ׬ȡ񾧶࣬ԸҪѪŭĵԽǰҪֱӻһ̺ˣ̵ѾȥˣֻҪûб仯Щ˿ͻܺҵǵġ
̶ܲܽΪضΰɣ
΢ҡҡͷ˵ǻһطǶǵ϶кܴӰ졣ӰʧԶһǧһ񾧡
Ǹô죿ڵ
û취£ֻõͷˡڵѣȥһǧ񾧣ٽһ¡һº󣬺ߣǾͲˡһ˵
ǱȺѪˡε̾һ
ڵһǧ޷ãԼһµʱ䡣

һ䷿֮ڡ
ܴˣԻ͵̽޷ýˡӴڵĹ£߽һߣȵ˵
Ŷôͷˣ۾΢УЦЦ˵
ǺǣǸҲһҲšЦ˵ҿǸԽˣҲǺеҲмʦ


1163 
ע⵽Ի͵¡⣬ڰ飬Ե̵ÿ棬Ҳ֪һš
Ӵ룬ùܵۺ첻ѡ
֮һֱ̲ҲǼɵԵʦݣǸ߼ʦǿɲ̫õڻʼ֮Уһ߼ʦҲƵϵλ硣Ը߼ʦ̻ᶼȥ£׵
ȻһҪԭ֮ǰԻ͵һʱ䣬˫йЭʱû֮ǰҲûͻȻ̵޼۸
Ȼ۹ٷԱôǰǻҪһ㡣ٱϵĹҲҪءάܲܿ˭Դ࣬ǿӶᡣ飬Ժ˭ҳ̻ۣ
̻߲㣬Ҳ⿴ӵ鷢Լ֮ϡ
ţǸ߼ʦӦòǵۡߵ˵ͷ
ֻһмʦǶԸֶˡ
ע׬ȡԣ׬ȡ˾޶񾧣ҪԶʳȻǲС˫Ŀ
Ȼһڶ񾧵޷ãԶԶ㲻θڡ
ǣףӦת뿪䡣

Ի͵̣ھӪĵڶʱڣȻÿȻֻʮίСʮί֮Уίе񵤵ĹԱȵһ˲١
ҲǱȻ
ȷԻ͵е񵤵Ա֤Щ񾳽ߣȻҲͿԷˡ
ǶʱڣҪʹе񵤣ϣҪ֮áڶഢһЩ񵤣չ鲻ǻ¡
Ի͵̵ӯÿѾܴﵽڵһ֮䡣
̶һ½ӽʱ䣬ȥδ۳ȥĲֵҩ֮⣬ǽӽһ񾧡еĵҩ棬Ӧһʮһ¡ȫ弶񾧣Ǿһʮ֮ࡣ
ԽǰѾķԸֹͣµίСھǰ˵
ţ죬ǵָõˡһεڣͲټˡԵͷ˵
֮󣬽һе񵤵ίн֮Ҳ͸뿪ײݵвˡ
Ҫ׬ȡ񾧣вҲһ۵в㣬ͬнв֮ڵߣʵԶԶײЩУԴ࣬Ƕеߵ񵤶кܴ
ʱ򣬾׬ȡ񾧵ٶȣֻ졣
׹
ܴˣһҪ´Ҵҽܷ䣬˵
ʲôˣüʵ
ոյõϢԻ͵ѾֹͣµίСҾã˱˼ʱ仹ʣ죬оųɵĿԣѾˡ·ͳ
Ŷüͷһվ
Ǹȥһˣڷⲽ˵ߣȥһλԽʦҵҪҲҲϷһӡ
ǣӦ
˳˷䣬뿪Ի͵ȥ
ҲǺܴû󹦷򣬾͵˻Ի͵֮ǰ
ʱԻ͵̸в߾ۼЩߣ̸ۻԻ͵ֹͣί¡
ˣʼڣûһίлԻ͵ίУϧ˼Ѿίˡ
ûֱͣŲԻ͵̡
æµĹڣ˽ɫʱ΢΢һ䡣
ʶ£ԺʶҲܲ³ԷضҲǹԱ
´ˣҪҩ𣿡ڵɫܿͻָЦݣʵ
λǹܴˣܴ˵ǻԻ͵¥ƵĵҩҲίǹƤЦⲻЦ˵
λԽʦɣ߱˫֣ڴһ̨̹֮󣬿еĮ˵仰
λܴˣǻԻ͵̣ѾµίˡܴҪʲôҩ̨ҲеġܴǴ㹺һЩ۸Ͽ϶һŻݡڱ˼͸ˣ˵Ļ˲ף¿²ίô򵥡
ίΪ粻ƫƫȵֹͣίвŹ
˳˵˵ֹͣίУŹ˵ϼһ붼µġ
˶ϷʲôˣϷҪҩҪŻݣĪǾϷ򸶲ǵ񾧣ɫ䣬һȶԹڷͬʱһɿֲѹϯݺݵŹײȥ
ɫʱҰף޷ƵĺһܣǸ߼񾳽ǿߣͷųһѹҲǹһܹġ


1164 
忿ڹ̨ϣſסȫ亹޷ӿ
Ը߼εǿߣڸеֵ˵λɱڣѾһˡ
ԽʦɣڣûǸʸӴܴˡֺĿŹڡ
λˣǺαΪСأԽǰʱ֮УðȻţܿܵƵĵҩʧܡܴҪԽǰɷԽǰ֮ǿһϼЦݣǰ˵
˶ҿǲ֪պɭŹڡ
ߣλԽʦôļӣϷԹȻôѡ߰ŵ۾Уŷ
ܴˣȥ¥ϺҵҪ˼ж󣡡ڵ˵
˵ţ¾Ҫϵ¥Ҿԡ
´ˣûԽǰκ˶¥һᣬڹǰҧ˵
ȥˣ
쵰Ҫ¥ͱϲȹȥֻҪվţ;Բȥ¥Խǰ
Ŷ¿סԼȥ·΢΢Щ⡣
ȷʵЩû뵽ھȻôĵӡ
Ȼұȫ㡣΢֮󣬱̽ƣҪ
£Ҳм񾳽Σ֣ͬס
Ѿƴˣ߶֪ԼסԷȴȫ赲
ס֣
ʱһӶ¥
ţԵӰ¡
̵㣬˾󷨡£ȻԸӦΪУһЩʱ䣬Ҳһ
һ¥˵Ŀ⣬ʱۼھԵϡ
Խǰڿԣһӯĸо
ԶԹڵ˵ͷ
λҪңɨߺ¡
Խʦ˫ü˶ҲǾȻԵ͡ԼоӦò
ҾԽ񡣡Ե˵ͷγƺ
֮ǰ˵ĶԻȻ֪˵ݡߣǵײ㽻ܡ
Ϸܣ˵
ԭǿܣ֪ҪңʲôԸԿſ
Ǻǣ˵ԽʦʮֳڣϷҪһЩҩר̹ԽʦæơЦһ˵
ܣֻ˵ܱǸԻ͵̣ѾֹͣµίСҪƵҩҲΪֱӾ;ܾ˿
ԵĻɫʱһڡ
ԣȻǲ̫ӡҾԵܼƺûκλء
ԽʦϷһ£̫סԻ͵̵ƺܺã֪ԽʦΪҪֹͣίУѹеķŭͳʵ
ԭҲܼ򵥣̵޷̫ˣȥҸֻ̹ܽˡ˵
Ե仰һ˵ɫ͸ѿˡ
ⲻ˵Ϲ
ԻԻ͵̵ӯͰ顣ССһ䵤̣ÿµĴмʮһ񾧣ȴ˵֧һǧһ񾧵޷á
⻰ƭأ
Ի͵ÿ׬ȡ񾧣סǣԽĪΪܴ˺ܺƭ´
ɫ΢΢һǹ˵Ի͵̵ӯ⣬޹ء̣ҲҸ˵ɣ˷ġ֮󣬵ʱ䵽ڣҲޡ
㡭ֱһ˦Ҫ쭡
ˣǹҡҡͷֿԣ´αЦݣԽʦⵤ̵ޣȷʵɡȻ㲻ޣҲǿ㲻ԸϷƵҩϷͬǿ󡣡
̨ڵЩҩӦǻڶ۰ɣĿ⿴̨ڵһƿ
ҩȷʵڳۣҪҩû⡣Եͷ˵
ǺáЩҩϷȫڼ۸ϣϣԽʦòһЩ۾˵
Ŷ
֪ܣҪòЦЦſʵ
ȻԽʦԿҿѵ۾Ͷʮһ񾧡ȫ۾һ񾧡⡭һһıҩļ۸
ſ˵ļ۸񣬾еŭ𣬾ЩƲסˡ
ѵʮһ񾧣ȫһ񾧣
ΪԼô
ڿڼһֵҩĵ֮󣬾ԱЦ


1165 
ԵĴЦı۴ˡ
ԽʦЦʲôüƺԾԷЦܲ⡣
ܣͲҪҿЦˡҡҡͷ˵
ЦҺпЦҲҡͷһ顣
һ޵һ񾧹ⲻǿЦ֮УһŸƷʵ޵ֵҲǧһҰɣıģʣһʲô˼Ϣ
ڣЩҩļ۸ȻһЩǣϡңǴ㽫ȫĵҩ۸ȻҪһЩ⣬𣿡Ȼ˵
ʵϣҩֻڰ
ܣĸۣʵ޷⡣ļ۸Ҳȫܽܡ˵ļ۸ҵչһЩҩеҩۣóҾͰ˵ļ۸ȫΣ԰һ֡
ʵϣԻ͵̵⣬һ޷ǾǿԻ͵׬ȡ˴񾧣ۺˣҪһ
ھԿθҲ̫ˡ
̨̹ڵĵҩֵܼʮңտĳۣЩҩҲͼֵʮһ񾧡Ҳ˵һſڣӾУóʮ񾧵档
ôθڣôܴӦ
ԽʦĪǲϷˣ˵
⻰Ӻ˵ûǴӦһμ档Ҳ˵ȫ죬ʶ̸ϡȻˣ̸ҪӣЦ˵
ãܺã
ԽʦȻеǵˡ۵ײڣ˵ˣҲڶĻУڲزסŭ⡣
ܹˣ˱ĳûУ⵨治Сԣ
ҶܴվڿߵǸ£ͻȻ𣬶žԱĳһơ
һʱ䣬֮ڣͷ֮֯µܼ
С󣡡Կһߣɫ΢֮Уһ£һָӡȻֶ
ۣ
ֻ֮䣬ǹαˡֻоһɾ˵ѹȶͱһ޷ֵײ˳ȥ
ˣ
ڹ²ҽŷɳ֮Կϣһݺݵžϯ
һǳҪֱӹԵꡣ¶ȶȻࡣ
Ŀһתͬͷųһ
ȷʵΪǿ󡣵ھԵǰǾС׼ˡ֮У񾳽ߣҲҲ뾰Աġ
һ񾳽ΪߣȻͼҪ갵㾰ԣǿЦúܡ
ھĳ֮£꣬գʱ䶼ûܼ֣߽ɢţԵȻѹ塣
ɫʱҰһ·һشѷ죬弸վסζһ֮󣬽Щһˤֻоһ𣬲ûסһѪҺı죬սӿѪҺѹ˻ȥ
ϣҵʹÿҽ
ʱ鿴ơУȫ⡣
ͷųֱֲ̫ˡԼ꣬ھԵǰͺһСһһ㣬Ѿ޷
ĿⶢžԣԺֻһͷǾԽ񵽵ʲôΪ
ôһٶˡʱٸ㲻ԵʵԶǿӾǽˮˡ
һΣߵˡûܴӻԻ͵ҧһ⣬Լܵشˣ˵Ǽص顣΢ĴˣҲܳһʱ䡣
ϷǿˡԽʦز©ĸˡԽʦΪֻպĪһֿ˵
ߣԴӵĹºȵ
£ʱҲܡ𶯣顣Ļæȥֱ뿪̣ûиһͷһۡ
ЩˣӲĻɫӲӣǵĹͷʵ
ܴˣǸôĵӣӶѵôˣ˵֮󣬹²ŻָݵԿ
ûϿڣƺһһʺѪҺ͸ɫӲ԰
ƺʶ̧ͷ˿ÿѪҺжʱһ
ղſ뾰Եȫ


1166 Ʊ
Ѫһ㶣ʶ֮ǰڻԻ͵ڣܴӦԷн֣ҳԿˡ
ˣµУʱˡܣǰ񾳽ǿߡǸԽĵʦȻôĿ
뵽ԼȻҲ˳֣вһ¡ղǶɱģֻ¿Ҳס
ϢƽúҪγˮ
ȻܾôˣֶȻȥ˵΢΢ĻԻ͵һۣһһٵĵ
֮ڡ
ϻ쵰ôˣԽǰǵСһ㣬ֻǻᰵ֡˵
ţ˴ȻװݡԵңҲÿԼûĺڣ
һ
ļ죬ȽƽˣҲûٵԻ͵
ڽһҩ֮󣬻Ի͵̵ʱ䣬Ҳյڡ
ڣȥ۵ײĳϣʣĵҩȫ󣬾ԶԹ˵
۵ĵײ㣬һ߸ˣ̻ĵͼݡ
ҪԼĴƱӵ͵еҪϡ
ãӦ
ڲµԼƱ
˾סĵط˵ҪƱ֮󣬺˳ͼλ񾳽ĳϡ
Ʊӵ͵еҪ֧һ񾧵ķáɫ۵ĳϣû뾰˺ѵ˼ֱӾ˵
ţ˶ǵ͵ƱҪŴƱҲɴ˵
ԵĻ΢΢һ㶡
֪ҪƱȴû뵽ԻĴƱҲǿǾһ񾧰
죬Ҫ˵ʲôջû˵ˣֻЩ
֮ǰ֪ԽǰҪǰвʱ򣬹ڻЩʧΪԽǰ뿪ֵ֮ûصƽ׵ĸȥˡңûԽǰֻ½ˣҲ׷ŹԼǵֶΣԼֵ
ʧǺ£ûԿڣҪԼĴƱʵ޷ڣһ񾧵ķãһʾ޿
û뵽ǣԽǰ;ҪҲƱˡʱֻĸм
ŴƱҪ֧ʮһ񾧡ޱ˵
ãԽ׼õȡ
ڣĴƱƸҡԶԹ˵
ԽںԼĴƱƣͬʮһ񾧣һ𽻸ϡϣöµĻɫƱƵݸԡ
еƱ͵Ʊβֻ࣬ɫͬ
ֽһˣԺ͹ǰ۵в㣬ҲΪ˰вס
һв㣬оԲһ
в֮УռھбȽŨڵײ֮Уռûκġ
͵ƱеƱĴ湻ġ
סȻҲײ֮еƱӦסһʮƽ׵ķ䡣ңÿһ䲢
󣬾ҲԱһʢһ񾧵ָֽǹԱɨָֽռһӾ¶Ц⡣
ԭǴ㽫˴ס̾ߵģҲ˱仯ֻһЩʱ䣬вĸʩԼҪעĵطϸĽһ顣
Ҳòпһ񾧣úֵ
֮ԱЦĸȥ
ԽǰǸƱķãҡòЩµĶԾ˵
񾧰
ϵжȫֻҲղô񾧡
ڣ롣Щã͵Ұæõĳ͡ЦЦ˵
ڵײ㽻Ի͵̵ʱ򣬹ڿǰ˾ԴæûйڣԾ޷׬ȡһʮһ񾧡
ڿԻ͵̵ʱ򣬹ڵı֣Ҳȫʱĵסǹ϶¥ΪþԼΪ͡ԣķѾһΪƱ˿ûۡ
Ϣ죬ȥвĽ赤ת˵
Դ㣬׬㹻񾧺󣬾Ϳʼչ;ʱ䣬Ÿոտʼ㲻ͻƣҲһҪͨϸһΡ
ڴФӢʦõһͨĵú󣬾Իûüúᡣ
ãصͷ

ײ㽻
ǸԽȥв㣿ı鿴Щ}ˣʵ
ţѾв㣬ͬǸйڵСµͷ
ãڵײκβңв㣬ߣҿ㻹ôϷһ


1167
ۣв㽻
ڰʱ֮ǰʹ۵ײ㽻Ҫˣв㽻׹
Ѿ˰ʱ
ʱ򣬹һǰ
ܣȥ¶Կ΢ͷ
óмĹ£Կײ㽻ܣǷǳ𾴡
ԴˣûκβµĻ϶ʱ¶ϲɫҴϵס˹ȥ
ʲô£Ҳ˵ûҪ飬ͲҪ⵽вڷڵƺЩá
ϵݣв㽻׹ܡ̻ڲһͼϣײ㸺൱ݡ
ʦ֣һЦ˵
ͬһʦŵʦֵܡûڳֱӺʦ֡
˵
һԽʦոմӵײв㡣˵
Σ޶ԡ
Խڵײ㽻ʱĵ̡ʱ䣬ܵײߵί׬ȡ㳬һ񾧵ľ޶Դ˵
ţһ񾧵Դʦ֣Ҳ޷ġ
Ҫ֪һһ񾧣㹻һŴӻʼ򵽰ɳĸߵƱˡ
Ȼ仰΢΢һЩ˫Ŀ֮Уһ
ʱ䣬׬ȡһ񾧣˵Խǿʦڣɾ˽šǹһЦ˵
ǸµģĿ⣬Ȼһڿϡ
΢΢ЩңæԽǳĿˡ
ˣ
˼һ֪һۺ˼׬ȡ񾧣ҪһܾˣҳͷңԽΪºܸ߰ɣ٣û취Ҹо꣬ƺЩȣĪڴУ˿Ļ
ʦ֣һҪΪ֣̫ݶˡҵ˺أֻһ;дˣһϣ˲ˮ
˵Ժݶ꣬ȴ˵Լ͵Ϯԡ
ˣʲôӣһˣˣ֪ˣȻȥ
ǣʦ֣ȸˡС˳ȥ
뿪֮ϣͻȻ֮㸡һĨ֮ɫ
Խҿ㻹ż졣аһ䣬֪ʦһԽ֡

֮󣬾Ժ͹в㽻
в㽻ģûеײ㽻
ҲвԶԶûеײࡣв㽻һӰмȱȽǣвٸ߼С
û˷ʱתƣֱӵ˹
Ĺ£һˣϸ΢ı仯ھ˵Ҫ֮ûϴӦþԵȺԼת뿪ˡ
ԽǰƺЩԾü˵ֻҪһ̶ѣǹ¾Ȼ˵ԼҪȥʾܡ
΢΢˵ͷҲвͬѰֻ֮£ǸпˣѾ֮ǰв㽻׹
԰꣬ȿǵ״ʲô˵ҡҡͷ˵
ţӦһ
Լ˽ӽյʱ䣬ԾͿղ˻ǰ棬һӰϢȴܸоĺء
˲侰ԾжϣˣӦһ񾳽ߣǾ֮жεĴڡʵӦñ񹬾ʮ˾˾Ҫǿһ
Խʦɣˣ
ʱžԣȿ˵
ڣԾͼȷˡҪȻԼ͹˸ոմӵײвʱ䣬в㽻ܣһӵԼ֣
ǣ治ɫ
ǺǣԽʦĴѾšЦһǹܣţ˵Ҫڽһ̡
ιȷʵһʹáҲ΢Ц˵
Խʦ޵̣Ҫɣ۾΢Уҵһ飬˵ԽʦϼƺϼƣвС
˵Կ
̣ԲȡκηãʹöþͶáٹ
ŶǺ⣿˱䣬ɲΪûͼϣҲ֪֮Լûôӣ˼ҵ̣װ׸Լʹá


1168 ׷һ
һ仰Լûôӡһǿߣֻ¶ûݡ
³
ǵЦ⣬һЩ
ҵ˼ܼ򵥡ԽʦڽѡⵤʹãԽʦȡ޷áҪռԽʦĵɷݶ̵룬һԽʦУһв㽻СԼĿġ
֮ǰӵײһԽʦڵײ㽻̶ʱ䣬׬ȡһһ񾧡ţƭԼҲҿʵȻ˵Խ׬ȡô񾧣Ǽе룬Ҳܴ
ôһ۱裬Ȼ޶ԡ
͵ţԹ޵̡ڵԺҪ뾰ƽ֡ţֻҪв㽻ĵ̿ȥõģԶԶһһ񾧡
ֻⷬһͷ˵θʵ̫ˡ
ֻṩһ̣Լһ
˵̰ǵײ㽻Ŀ
ܣ֪ҵĵ̣ÿܴ󣿡Ի˵
һЩţԽʦв㽻赤̣ڵײ׬񾧶ܶࡣ۾
ôҾЩˡЦ˵ֱһ䵤̣ҶԣǸв㽻̣޼۸֮ǰдƫƧλọ̃һµ޷ãҲһ񾧶ѡ
ǺǣԽʦǽĹأ಻׵ĵطЦȻޣȨĳһ̻ǲ̡
ܵ˼Ҵˡ
Ҳͬһĵ棬ôҾ޷ӽ޵̶԰ɣУһ⡣
Խʦô⣬Ҳǿԣž˼ͷңһҪ֪Խʦһ㡣ߵί۵ҩߣڽСڽ˽Խίлǳ۵ҩôΥ۵Ĺءʱֻ»ԽʦһЩ㡣
вζǳԡ
ԳĬ
˶˵ԣΪԽʦӦҵĽ顣ԴҶкôңԽʦͬҵķʽһˣרŸΪԽʦƹԽʦͿרˡ
еŭ⣬𽥷ڡ
ƹ
ǿЦļһƤҲһ̶ˡֻ˵ȻΪԿһ㡣
ܣ֪ҽв㸺ĳ˵һ˵ȻͿвˡ
飬ԾԲܴӦθڳ˾Եĵߣڻﻰ⣬ʼնв˼ԣô˰ڲ
ȻĿ⣬Ķžԡ
̫⾰ȥ״ǣȥв㸺ˣǶҲһ鷳
ô˵̻ỹǱȽ̻ġ£Ӧһ֮ڡ
ΪѾгܵˡ
Խȥ۵в㸺ˣֿܣһǣв㸺˳ʩѹһ䵤̰ļ۸޸ԡ
˵ڶܣв㸺˲£ԽŪԴҲҪв㸺ȥһݡȥһݣԲܱԼõ١
ۺϿǣı̫
Խʦϲ˺Ⱑҡͷ
˵ԽʦΪҲײ㽻Ŀܣҵʦܣǰ񾳽硣֮ǰң˵ԼԽʦг˴һ⣬˵˿
ǺǡЦһ
Ǹйϵ
֪Խʦϵ̨սûȤ۾
Ҫ˵ʲôתĿʵ
ΣԽʦһ̨սԽʦˣôͽ֮ǰ飡Խʦʤôұڽѡһʹãʹʱ䡣תת˵
û˵Ӧ˼
˵ʵ򲻵ѣҲȥвĸˡ϶Ǻ£ԾԼ˵ҲԲʲô¡
΢˼Ƭ̣ҡҡͷ
ҡͷϢһԽʦĪΪȥҸˣκҲɣ
ܲҪżҡͷЦ̨սҿԴӦҾӦ׷һЩעϣǡһ񾧡磬˫׷һһ񾧵ĶעΣ


1169 Խ˭
֮Ҫ׷Ӷע뷢йķŭ
̣һ򵥵顣޷ãʹỵ́۵ĹءڣҪƻ£Ūһ̨Զġ
ǫ̂ԶģԾ˵ƽԣĿǰıֲƽΪеķŭֱڹ֡ɱôһԿ϶޷Ȼ뿪ۡ
ԣֻͨ׷Ӷעķʽһ΢йһ·ŭҲѪ
Ҫ׷һ񾧶עɫ΢΢һ
ղЩģԽ᲻Ϊ¶̨ܾԶġȴû뵽Խ񣬲Ӧ̨ԶģһԭעϣҪ׷һ񾧶ע
žԣƺҪԵ˼ҪŪԾôġ
޿֣ƣ
ںʱεջĿ⣬һ񡣴ӾԵıϣûеõκмֵ
ǣҲͣƬʱѡΪԼⳡ̨Զġ
һ͵ĸ߼񾳽ߣܹʼĸߵľȣ
Լ֣Խ̨һս
Խ˵׷һڶעвӦĵװ͸Լһһ񾧣Цɣӽˮ
ԣô˵ˣܿЦЦӦ
Խʦھȥ̨ȷһ̨սʱΣŵ
ãӦ
Ժ뿪ǰв̨ڣȻҲһȥ
žĽ棬˵ϻ̣һֱֳĬ
̨̨ս̺ܿͰսʱ䣬֮
ȷʱ󣬾Ҳ뿪̨ȥˣصס
̨ܵľ
֣ô£Գ̨̨ܺˣڷڣһĿʵ
ţϵشһֻԳˡЦŵͷ
ǸԽˣʲôͷ̨ܣԾԣȻûκεӡ
ǰŴ۵ĵײв㡣ţһΪڵʦ̫˵ҡҡͷ
ʦ
Ϊ̨ͣĿһתѾŲ²ΪҪǸԽ˽̨սˡ
ӦǾ񾳽ɣҲʶг˿ΪˣҲŴԳ֣ñ˳֣Щġ֮У¶һ˿м
Գ֣һ񾧣ɾֵˣ̨ܹһЦ
˵ĶעѾϽ̨ʱƹܡ̨սŻὫעһ𽻸ʤһʽҲ̨ĹءͬҪء
Ծסķ䡣
ԽǰǸʵ»ǳǿ㡭һĵ֮ɫ
ڽʱ򣬹ھģֻ֮ǰһֱûл뾰˵Աﵽڣ¾̨սһ񾧵ĶעɾͰװʧˡ
ţ˵ΪӦǾ۷Ρϣǻʼľߣս϶ǳ֮ǿԻ˵
ȻôǿԽǰΪҪ̨սأ׷һ񾧶עڷǳ⾰ԵΪ
ڴԼҲ֪ԽǰǾ񾳽ǿߡڰɳԽǰҲ۰һĴڡǣɳ򣬱Ͼǵͼ򡣰ɳ򶥼ľ񣬷ڻʼ֮УֻҲеȲΰˡ
Խǰ׷Ӷעǵڰװ׽һ͸
ǺǣʵȻǿңȴҲô򵥵顣ЦŰڰ֣ˣҲΪҵġǣĵȴ죬֮һоͼˡ
Խǰô˵ˣҲ޷ٶ˵ʲôң̨սѾˣעҲ̨ƹܡڼ㷴ڣˡ
̨
ף
ǿ쿴һµ̨սϢˡ
սԽ񣿡
ѵǽܣ
ǣһǣղҾͿˣһƣǫ̂찡ȻһԽ̨߽ս
̨ľ޴ˮĻϣһµϢ֣ʱ
Խ˭
û˵
Ͻһ£ʲôˣ̨
ߣһӶԾԹע
ԽϢҲܿͱ̽ˡ
ʦոմ۵ײв㡣ϢͨˣȺ֮дϢ


1170 սʼ
ڶഫ̶յʱ䲻̨ڵߣ֪ԽǸմӵײ㴬в㴬յʦ
Խ֣ȻİǰǴδ˵֣ӡûС
Ҫ֪۵ߣ϶ǴӰɳġԽڰɳǲ˶ûӡ
˵˰죬֪Խ񵽵ʲô
ʲôԿ϶ǣ⡣̨սȻԶһ񾧣Բʲô˵˻ǹģȻóһ񾧣
ʦвǺ𣿾Щͼʦһ͡ҾʶһʦһֻƵ͵ȻҩͲּ򵥵͵ȵҩʦ˼׬ȡ񾧵ٶȣ߼Ľúܡ
ȺУ۷׷ס
쿴˺ԽԶĵѺעʳˡ
ѺעˣһһһѺעԽһʮ
һһһһʮıǰڵġ
ʣҲ̨˼úſġ
˵ʣҲ̫˰ɣü
ǿЦ˵ܴ˭֪˱ʤɣ϶ѡѺעֲ̨ɵӣȻὫε̧ߡ˱Ц
ˣٵͣҲѺˣֱ񾧰ѺһڣҲ׬һǧ򣡡ѾѺע̨ȥ
ûˣþսʤԣ㾰ʼߣʼͣЩߣȻѡϽѺע
Ѻע̨֮ǰ˳ӡ
ʱ
ܴˣȥа̨һ£˵
ǰȷʵУѺעԽٵÿ̨Ҳ˫ü
ҪԽʣһ£һ顣
ڵΣ㽫ǸԽһʮҲûʲôԸѺעһø˳׶Խʧȥġҡͷ
ô죿ǰηչȥѺעֹͣʱ仹нӽ죬ٹʱ䣬ϵѺעֻ»ᳬ֮ޣĵ
ȥ̨Ҫⲻ񾧰Ȿô
ֹֻͣȡܵѺע취ˣ̴ڿʼֻѺעԽ񣬲Ѻעܡ̨ܵ˵
ʱ䣬ϵѺעʹﵽһ񾧡ԽϵѺעһһ񾧡һһ񾧣һѺעġҲ˵ĿǰΪֹֻһԽ˶ע
ǣӦ
ܿģѺעֹ̨ͣȡѺע
ô£
ôô£Ѻעʱ仹ûôͲѺעˣ
۸˰
һͣǿɲӦ
ˣѾڿѺעֹ̨ͣѺעˡǣǵĿ飬ȫûκǫ̂棬Ǹûκν͡
Ͽ鼸ҲˣǸҶ£Ǿ͵Źٷֶγѹɣ
Եס
ԽǰԤϵһ϶ʺֻܵͣһһ죬ֹ̨ͣȡѺעԽǰʣﵽһʮ̨Ĺڣ߷ߵıԾ˵
ҲЦЦ
ԽǰѾķԸʮһ񾧣ҵ壬Ѻעˡ˵
ţһʮĻ̨սһôڣܵõһһ񾧡Եͷ
ԽǰбʤģΪβѺעѺעһ񾧣ôʱ򣬿ɾܵõһǧһˣ˷ܵ˵
ǺǣϿûһˣʮڣеֻˡЦЦߣѺһ񾧣õһǧڣ̨Ǳߵˣô룿ֻµʱѽһǧóģв
Ծą̃Ϊһǧ񾧣ᶯֶΡһǧڰֵðֽˡ
ôһ˵ȻҲˡ
ʱ䣬ֹ졣
һգԺ͹ˣ̨ҪȾûҪ粻٣̨һȲ衣
ܴˣǸԽѾˡ̨£߽˵
̨ܶһۣĿж¶Ц⡣
֣ƺӦóˣ̨˵
ǰ۾΢УǸöˣ֪ͨԽһʱ̨ɣ
Ӧһ̨Ҳͷתȥ֪ͨ׼̨
̨ÿ춼һ̨ս
ģдߣۼ̨ܡ
뾰ԵĶսˣɱѰ̨սҪܶࡣ


1171 ɱ
Ե̨
̨̨ΪӴ󣬳Σı߶ǧ׳ȡ
ܹо̨⣬ǿĽ󷨸ą̇̄ܳͨǿߵ
˾Խ񣿡
ӣҲ֪ж󣡡
ڿȷɳЩߺʦУûдˡ
㿴еӣƺһ㶼šĶ֣ǽˣѵһ㲻У
̨̨սǳе顣
йأϵߣɱ̨̨Ǿ̨ϣ۷Ҳʡ
ͷܶ
ûüעߣҲϧ֮У֡
վ̨ϣ˿˲յʱ䣬㿴Լ̨ܵǶ
֣Сף쿪ʤ̨ܣף
֮һյʱ䣡ţʱڣսʱǼȲ裡ӣӾɨֿ̨˵
ҿֵΪ֮һյʱ䶼ˡ֣Խ̨սҵ̨ʧСЩƻĻ쵰ƴעԽעģһĸˣעܼƲʮ񾧣Ͳġ̨עҡͷ̾˵
ҿû취æʿϵ㶨µġЦһˣл˵λʦȵ̫ã
˵ţһ̨֮ϣվھԵĶ档
Խʦ׼𣿡˫֣ɫȻžԣһĨڽ֮ɫ
û׼Σǰѡ𣿡˵
̨ܵ˽ž仰˵Ȼһ
ô£
ԽĻʲô˼
ѵ̨սǱȵģ
˵УͷͷһѸ
ԽǱȵģ¾ˣǫ̂ս
һʱ䣬һھԺϴڿʱĿ֮У˲ζ
ɫȻһ䣬ԽʦɲҪ˵ۣñģ
Ǻǣ᣿һΣ˵ģʵǲ̨սв㽻ܣ֮ǰȥв㽻Ҫ̣ô˵ģ
ڳλѣӦкܶˣΪԽܶս⡣˭֪ҲǱΣҲ֪ǵʦڵײ㴬յʱҾ޹̣Ϊ׬ȡһЩá
Ҵӵײ㴬в㣬ͬҲһ䵤̣׬ȡһЩѡǣλܴˣȴңҲܽδһ룬ҾͲ޵̡Եٺܿ졣
ܵߣ¶Ȼ֮ɫ
ԭô£
ܣȻҪǿռ˼ҵɵ档
Щְ˼Ҳͬ⣬Ͳ˼̡ϵĹأ֮Ҫףͱ뵽С˽½һ֣³ɾˡԽʦǾأҲزס
Ǻڰ
һЩߣ͵ۡ
Լ˵ܺòˣòҲ˵ҲܲµǾ̨ս̨սһ̡ȻԺʹỵ́ȡ޷áܣôҿ赤̣Ҫɵ͸ܡ
ʲô취أûѡ񣬾Ҳ֣ܶҲֻܲһûеڶѡ񡣡һεӡ
סڣʱŭɶˣ
û뵽Ի˴󵨡ϣ˵ЩѵͲŭԼԼ̨ϣֱӽնɱ
ʵϣУԾѾɱ⡣
֮ǰȷʵûҪԵϾָ԰׬ȡ񾧡ڣѾЩ޷ˡɱԣԺӾԵĵ֮ɵ棬жںָָ㣿
ܺЩķӣ¾ȾвڣҲ˲֪˲ˡʱɵ棬ôܶȥ£еĴͷҪ͸ƿвĸˡ
ͷתɱȴԽԽʢնɱԵ뷨Ѿᶨˡնɱ˾ԣҲܵõһ񾧵ĶԶĶע
Լֲĺˣҧ׶Ķžԣаݡ
ͬʱһ˫֮ϣһƬâ


1172 
ƣʡ
һ˫ߵȹεȭס
жԾŨɱ⣬Ȼ뾰Կס֮֮̿ڵӿڶ
žԵգ֮Уɱӯһ̨սκֻ֣һĿģɱԽĵʦкͷ֮ޣ
ৣ
ϼھ֡
ڲϼܵĿռ䣬ܼ·ɼɫĹâϼ
ԵĲϼͬǸߵȹΡ
žֲֳϼǣһĨпЦݡ
ûҪԼ͹ֲˣͳԶС
ɱңҪ㣬ûǸ͡ԵӦ
֮ǰ̨ڶߵ棬˵ЩȻҲǾԹΪġԼһ̨ս⼸һֱ˼ǿܵĽ
в㽻ܣ̻ٷԼڳ̻ۡ
̨սϣԼɱпܻи鷳ǰԼǣȶԼɱ⣬ԼòɱôʣɾͲһˡ
ˣԲŴڽ죬ŭ
ֻɱ⵹һѡ񣬵õѡչв㽻ܣԼڽʹ̣δضܵǣơֱӵ˫ԼԼΣ
˼ǰֻܵ˵ԼԼ
Խ񣬳һȭʢŭ֮£Ӱһ˸žԳ
ڿٽӽԵĹУ˫ȭͬʱ˲䣬ǰռڣȭӰ֣Ѹޱȵž˹ȥȭӰЯżǿ
Ǿ۷徳ǿߡҳȭӰ֮У̺һͨܡ
ȭӰܣϾжϳʵԶ˾˾ܱȵġս֮ھͻᱻܡʮ֮ڣͻᱻɱ
ȭӰӽ۾ǰƶвϼٴ̳
ڲϼǰΣɫ⣬ֱƶȭӰ
䣡
޴ײ֮
ײ󣬾Ե壬ʱ˳ȥ֮Ѿ˺ϰ֮Զ
ǿ̶ȣҪǿȭӰ̺֮ͨӦöﵽˡ˼ת
Ȼܵסеͣѹֿг˴Ϊڰɳ֮УǶ˰ɣȻ˳ȥ޴󰭣¶ЩȺɫָֻ˵
ԵסһιҲûгԤϡԽʦûһͣô״Ӧ̨ս
ɲҪСɰɳľҵΪڰɳֻһ㡣졣
ܹսԵĻԾԵĸй٣ֺ˼֡
ߡӲʲôʱٽһȭ壬Ծ
ڻڿУ˫ȭֻգʱ䣬ȭ
ŵȭӰһƬռ䶼⡣
ҵҪܵҶȭڿУĽ
ǵصȭӰҲڵٵ
ϼʱʢž˫趯һƬܵĿռ䶼ס
ͨĽͨҲ׼
䣡һȭӰڽĻ֮ϣĻһȭӰ赲
䣡ţڶȭȭȭ׷ڽĻϡ
ââҵ˸
Կķ֮Ⱦҵײֱ֮ӷ顣ȭӰײĻĹǿȣҲ𽥱ðǽĻ̺ܱļ
һȭӰҲڽĻϣĻѡһȭӰͬ
֮Եٴοٵˡ
һûбÿ˺һӡ̨ĵϡصĽӡ룬̨ܵߣ
˼ʮԲſסΡ
ʱھԵǣһ˿ѪҺ
Խǰڽŵžԣзʶľ
ǵѪ֪Ѿˡ
ԽǰȷʵΪǿᣬǸ쵰ʵǿȥԽǰͺΣˡǣȻżȴҲﲻæ
̨ϵ˸
ԵסڶιǳԾһιסûгԤϣɵڶιҲסû뵽ˡ
ȻԽѾˣԸӦԽϵϢûн͡Ҳ˵Խƣûжսγ̫Ӱ졣


1173 Ϊֹ
Ŀе֮ɫ˼֡
ڶγ֣Բǽ߾ܣҲʹ˾ųҵǿȹȴֻԽˣЩܽܡ
е˼ΪеĻҪǿ١أȴɡ
ĻȴЦ
ȷʵܵһ𶯡ҲǹģֻҪת壬˲ָܻ
Ҹղž˵ˣɱңóı¡ܣѵ㱾𣿡ԼƵ˵
ɶ߶˼ޡ
ִﵽһͨҲȫͷšӶȭӰϣâ֮ǰǿʢ
ȫˡγ֣Ѿ߾ȫ
̶·˵ĶĤ
̨󷨽ƣâҲ˸ȫ
һ
壬͵ǰ
ͬʱвϼԾ˵ٶȴ̳
֧֮£ͨܣȫͷų
Դ
⸡ֺ󣬾ҲչڵԴ뵽֮ϡ
ž
ɫ⣬ݺݵĹ뵽ȭӰ֮СһȭӰڿռ
ȭӰ𣬲ֲɫâҲ֮⡣
žžž
֮У̨ĿпλԽʦԼܴˣͬʱˡˣȫѪ
ˣȻˣˣԼ۾Ѻעߣǿʼ
һսḶ́ȫ֮ǰԤϡΪһʵĶս벻ս־ء
Ѻעߣɫѿ
̨ϵͬ¶Ȼı顣Ȼˣ
ԴԴܣ㽫ԴҲ뵽˹֮Уо˾ԹԴϢ
ʦѵˣʦܹʹԴⲻ𣿡
㡭ģʼٽͣ˵ɾͷŵĽѾٴιɱæȭϡ
¡¡
˵ĳ֣ӿٶȡÿһײ˶Ѫƶڼء
òʹ˷Ҳ޷ܡ
˿ȫܾ˵Ĵ򷨣
ܿ죬˵Ķս˽ӽʱʱ䣬ȻûзֳʤʱϢԱȿʼˡƣѾӰ쵽ʵķӡ۾ԣȴһ͡
ôܣ
ƣƺҪһЩӳʵΪûнͷֺȫһ⡣
֪ӵд塣ƣͲʲôһЩѪӶѣȫκεӰ졣
Ես䣬սȴԽԽ͡ģѾȫ·磬ÿһεֵԵøˡ
ս̶ȣʤѾ˳ûп䣬ôԱȥ

ôûܵƵӰ죡ⲻܣ˻
һξҵײ֮嵹˳ȥһΣغûվסˤڵءԣֻ˺һЩ룬ˤھʱһϼͣ͵̳
ûվϼĽѾ˾һ롣ҪֵЩˡۿţƺҪնɱ
ϣһƬңܸоĽӽϢ͡
̨ܵߣһҲɴ۾ס֮УٶǸ߼񾳽ߣкܶȻóܣסԽʦһˡԽʦһι
ˣܰˣѺʮ񾧰һ߼񣬷ҽͷڵѪ
ЩѺעߣήҡ
վ壬ޱ飬ĿϮɱĽâ
һս˲ٵʵͨûʹãͨͬûʹáһսУǶǸˣսֲҵĳ̶ȡ
򣬾ʱʹá񾳽ߣճͨ綼ࡣģ¶ɽпܹעԼϡΪ˱ͨûжá
ϣһЩֶκʵûл򲻵ѣԲܽеƣ¶صֶΣܱסԼ
ˣһսΪֹ
ʱ򣬾նɱʱһӰȻ١
̨󷨽ƹĻӰɵĴϣǶûκε谭Ч


1174 ػ
ɫӰֱӴ̨󷨽ƣ̨Ϸ
ֻ̧һӡٿ֡һ̣ӡϮɱĲɫ֮ǰ
ӡסɫ⣬ɫ͵һ£Ҫѣɺɫӡһɫ㿪ʼٱ⡣
գʱ䣬̺ͨһ뱾ԴܵĽ⣬ͱɷ顣
ǿߣԶſɫ۵ӰݺݵĲһ¡
ˣǿߡ˳ֵʱ򣬲ɫѾܽĳһƣԾԶ޷׽ٶȣڽ֮ǰɫ
񾳽ǿУ¶ʵǿġ
Ըо˵ʵ񹬹ФӢʦ֮¡
ҪɱȻûôסΰת
û취˼ҵĵͷϣָ˼ҵĴԼ˱ɱȷʵûԡ
ػϴˣ
ɫӰ٣סǼոԼĲɫ⣬Ұӣ»ɡģŸոսٵ˼
ػϡ
̻ڲĸ߼ϡ̻֮ڣֻǵͼϡ߼ȣ֮
߶ڰ֣ûжתĿԡ
Խʦûʲô顣
Խ񣬼ϣԼ
ţһսɣûԹûҪ̨Ϸֳ˵⣬ֲɵζú
пЦ
ûԹûҪֳ˵ɡ
ԼУλػϣס𣿴𰸣Զ׼
Ȼ̫ģǣʲô취ƱǿҲš
ϵġֻӦ
ŵ˵ͷƺԾԵ̬Ȼ⡣
һսϵܵԼԣȻҪҪʤת˵
ȻԽʦʤֱ˵ԽʦԼģǾͰԼȥ졣
лϴˣæл
ػϴˣҡ˵ʲô
ˣʲôҪ˵ȥú˰ɡӦԽʦʲôҪ֪㰵ˣŪֶΣҷһȵ
ǣǣٶԣͷսսӦ
ٴ˾һۣӰһʧ̨֮ϡߣӳֵ뿪Ҳʹ˼ʱ䡣
뿪֮žԣ䶯Σû˵ת뿪ųܸ̂ǡ
Ҳ̨ȵһɫĹǰ
ڣȻȥҡԶԹ˵
ǣæӦ˸ųݵĹ
ԽǰܹնɱʵùĳȣþòƽϢת뿪󣬲ûֱӷסȥ̨Ѻע̨Ѻע̨ȡһ񾧰ڵĶע
Ѻע̨տյġһ̨սʤôʱѺע̨϶ΪˡھԻʤھѺעߣһĸˡѺע̨ĹȻɡ
Խʦ룡
̨ܣʱ߹ԾһĶ
һ񾧵Ķעλ̨ݹܡԿӦһ̨ܶȥһ֮ڡ
Խʦʵ˴۽簡ܣԽʦĶ֣û뵽Ľ̨ܣȵ̾˵
˵Ի̨λܣȷʵûκεĲˣ෴õúܡʤ̨ҪⱾģھԻʤ̨ɾ׬ˣ׬ȡһҡ
̨ܴʱһЩڣֹͣȡע֮ǰûôһ̨սٿ̨ȡİ
ϧ
ֻǣ˭뵽һûʲôʦܹӵлնɱܵʵأ
ܿˡЦһ˵
Խʦ׿ɡ׿˵棬һ񾧵˫עԽʦһ¡
Խӹ׿ݹָֽһɨȷû󣬱ͷųһ˿һ֮Уֳʮ񾧷ŵһָֽڡ
СС⣬׿¡Խʢʮ񾧵ָֽ͸׿
Կó׿ûΪܶãλ׿ܣĹϵȻ̫׽ԣԲ񾧵ľٶ׿ύһ£Լ벻ĺôʮ񾧣ܻȡһЩõϢǱﳬֵˡ


1175 
޾УΣء
Ծ˵ϣͬεΣաػϣ̨ϵʱػϲûжԾԼɫеôģҲȫ
׿ӹͻָֽһɨĿжʱ¶һĨϲ֮ɫ
λԽʦϵ
ʵǸθ̫ˡſھҪ˼ҵɵ棬Ҳѹֱܾ
׿ɫģʢʮ񾧵ָֽ
Խʦţ̨ϵĳϣֽǰҲϵػϡ̻۱Ƚ˽˶֪ÿһϣһλ̻᱾񾳽糤򡣡ûȾԷʣ׿˵ǰػϵϢ
ʮ񾧵ЧԶ׼Բû񾧣ô׿Բܶ˵ЩϢ
޾дںܶΣգ̻ǿҲǷǳҪġ
ǰһϵǰ̻ڲҲкܴӰµĳԱɲ٣ֻһҪġ׿˵
֤ⷬǰһϵˡ
̻ᣬ綼ȽĴڲϵҲǺ顣
ͺɽİ˴գÿһ棬һϵĸ
˵׿ѹһЩĿأǰϣƽʱһ˵ˡԴҼ̻δǰϺɫ
ˣȻǺҪĽɫΪǰϲûκν١׿˵úޡ
ԶʱȻ
Լ̨ս鲢δ˽⡣׿û˵ﻰ˼Ҳˣ᲻ǾԼˡ
ǸǰǰûжԾԶ˵ʲôУֻºѾˣԺͲòСĶԴˡԿФӢʦǸεĴڣĿǰûпʸԣǳСġ
׿ܣлĻҾͲ˵ˡԿڣһתֵ׿Ҫʲôߵ񵤣жӦݲϵĻҿ԰æһ¯ң֤ɵϡ
׿ĻԾ˵ֵǺܴġ׿ùϵԺܻдáԣҲΪ׿һ¯ߵ񵤡
Ŷ
ԽʦĪǸ߼ʦ׿Ȼ
ڻʼҵ߼ʦҲǳס̻ڲȻи߼ʦģ׿ֻ̻һͼϣȥ߼ʦǾ͵ÿˡãŶӵȸ꼸ǧܵõᡣãǱֱӾܾҲ
ţ׿ܣȷʵƲٸߵ񵤡Գ˵
׿΢΢һ䣬̬֮УεĶԾԶһݹ
Ը߼ʦⲻǶ˵顣ͨߣԸ߼ʦмӡ
գȵŰݻԽʦ׿Ծ΢΢˵
׿ͣһᣬȥ
Իصסʱ򣬹Ѵ̨һʱ䡣
Թæӭ
ȡһָֽȫ΢΢
Խǰһ񾧣ˡڽָֽ˫ֹݸԡ
˳ֽ˹յǬС֮С
ڣϢһ죬ȥǵĻԻ͵̣վʽҵ۾˵
ڶ죬Ժ͹
ھ˵նǳ졣ܣȻû¶棬ҲûƤ¶ˡӴԵĹ£̬ͬԱ
̣Ǻ˳ûΪѵ
ѡһλñȽϺõĵ̣ʹãȻҪѡλ÷ĵضΡ
Ի͵̵ӣ̹
ʱȥһʱһм񾳽ߵţҪίƵҩ
һ̨սԽʦ״ȥˡ̨飬Ѿ۵в㡣
ԣôίҲھԵԤ֮С
ڵײ㽻ľ飬ᳵ·ǰĹؽеǼǣȡӦú֮ȡ
ӣΪæ
ÿһ죬ҪƳʮ¯ҩίߣ඼Ҫе񵤣вҪƸߵ񵤡
󣬿ɾͷǳˡһȡķãͳһ񾧡ټϽĵҩÿܴﵽһ֮ࡣ
һµ󣬱ﵽһٶһ񾧡
ַæڵ֮̿󣬾Ϳʼɱļ
ϾвҲеײʮ֮һҪߵǲ٣óӦϵģȴֻ


1176 Խ
Ͼ˭δ֪ǰ֪Լ۵ʱǡ߼ʦί
ۣᾡԴתΪֻϣҪ񾧵ĵط̫̫ˡ
ˣڰ֮󣬻Ի͵̽յίеӱ㿪ʼ½ÿµѾʮݡ
һίеӵֻʣҡи߼ίеӱص˲١и۶ߣרв㽻Ի͵ίо
ÿµƽֻʣһݡ
ڻԻ͵̿ҵ󣬾Ծرյ̡׬ȡ񾧣Ѿ㹻ˣֱִʼЩȫ㹻ʹá
ڻԻ͵ֹ̼ͣίϢ󣬵̵⣬ӭһµС߳
һҩƽ󣬻Ի͵̣ʽšҵʱ䣬ࡣ
ݶ㣬һݻס֮ڡ
վڷ֮⣬ǰػټ
ʱȥ󣬷ڲŴһ˵
Զ򿪣æͷ˽ȥ
ݼػϣ
Ի͵̣ڽʽţٽµίСԽǸйڵߣڼʱ֮ǰ뿪˽
һֱд̽Ϣʱ䣬Ի͵̵ӯԻ͵̵Ĵһǧһ֮ϡԽĳɵʣޱȣ̻ڲĸ߼ʦûܴﵽԽĳɵʡңٶͬˡԣϣȷгȥԴ֮ʵı
һֱͷл˵
ţԽȷʵܡ̶̼꣬׬ȡ񾧸ߴһǧ񾧡ǰ۾˵ͷ
۾֮У̰֮ɫһšһǧһ񾧣ǰҲ̫ںǣԾϵܣǳ档
ػϴˣһҪв̨׿Խ˽½Ӵ̸һЩʲôǲ̽˵һ䡣
Ǹ׿ӵǲСģǸ϶ڱǰһЩСҲһˡߣһʰǰ
ˣȻȥҪǸԽ񣬲ܶԸġǰڰ֡
ǣˡ

в㣬ס
ԽǰҪȥڸո˵Ҫȥʶ˵һ䡣
ţ׬˲٣ȻҪʼʱ䣬ܲܰװ˷ѵвڣһЩȵײǿܶࡣҲάİˡҪԶԶУֻȥԵͷ
ߣһ𡣡ЦЦ˵
̶ֳȣһ㶼Ƚ̨
ͼңÿҪһ񾧷áмңÿҪ񾧷á߼ңÿҪʮ񾧷á
Ĺ£ԾԺ͹ޱ˵
߼ңÿշʮһ񾧣һ¾һǧʮǧһﵽʮڣ
߰ķãмȴˡ
ԣ۵в֮Уʹø߼ҵߣҲࡣһм񣬴ѡͼһмʹáҲ͸߼񣬻ʹø߼ңҲ᳤Ƶʹá
û취ʵ̫ˡ
Ҫһ߼ҡûж࿼ǣʹø߼ҡ
ԣҪʹöãǹµͷ
һɣ˵
ãһ١ţһꣿǹ»ΪҪʹһ߼ҡ
һ죬ҲҪһǧһ񾧷áвڣǱȽϳһЩ߼һʹüҲ١ܿ˵ĺһʱ䣬һ졣
ԣһʱ䡣ȷ˵һ߼ҵʹ÷ã鷳һ¡
Էֳʮһ񾧣ָֽڣ͸Է
ºݺݵĳԾһ£Ƭ̣Žӹָֽʱ󣬱ϣȷʵʮһ񾧡
Ŀ˾һۣʱɫղţ췭ظı仯
񾧺ȡһɫĸ߼ҽƵʱ󽻸ԣþѰҴųĸ߼ҽ롣
߼һʹãͲֹͣҲ;ҡ˵ֻҪңҴŹرգʱͿʼˡ;ԳʱȻġֶԾҵʹ˵
ˡԲĵ˿ƺ󣬾ֱС
ڡԿߵĹڣóһָֽţִʼкܾãҲ˷Щʱ䣬Ҳɣҽ飬Ҳʹø߼ҡ
ѡһңֻὨ飬ڵָֽڣʮһ񾧡


1177 Ƴͨ
Щɣϣһ˫ĿУ⾹ЩƲס
û˰
ָֽڵʮ񾧣һеĸомʮ֮ãδйӵ˴񾧵ʱ
žԣЩŵ˵
֣ļ΢ЦŶ˵ͷ
󣬾ֳƣһ߼ҡһΣչذꡣ
Ҳܿһãңûֱӽ߼ңǴӵͼҳԡؾԵ˼Ƕ˵ʹø߼ңܿ˷ѡ
Ǹ߼϶ֱѡ߼ˡһ񾳽磬Ǻ󣬻ǾӦʹԼ۱ߵҡ
߼УԽ󣬴̾Զرա
񹬵ȪЩƣ
ţ̻ͣϽȪƵռ䣬϶Ҳʲô¡ȻҪĲԴȴ׬ȡԴ
ûмſʼϸһ߼ңȷǬС硣
ʹ弶񾧣Ħʱʱ٣άʮ屶ӡ
Ե壬΢΢һ֮УĵãѸٳ֡
񹬣ФӢʦֽĵõ꾧Եʱ򣬾ԾеĴϢһֱûʱͻ
ڣʱˡ
˰µʱ䣬Ϣһ֮󣬾ԲſʼϸµԼյһ
ûеõĵõʱ򣬾ԲֻԼǰСǰ֮Уⲻ˻·Ȼ˷ʱ䡣ݴµĵú󣬾Ծɶˡ
֮ǰȷʵֻǼ򵥵ĳΣƲԶ
ͨǳͨһΣҲԶǵһͨȵġ̾ͨǿ
ܣ֪ǿᵽ̶ֳȡȻͨĳΣǶͨȻֵڴ
ͨƣȻһһϦܹġдǰµĶӦĵãҲ
һҴҶ
ʮҴҶ
һꡢҴҶ
Ħʱ֮£ʱȥҲǹʮӡʱ򣬾Զƣ˽ϴĽչ
ʱʮ꣬Ħʱʱ˰˰ңԵ򣬲
ֻһЩʱ䣬µĵö֤κûκβⳬͨ򣬲ĵһ
ƺЧ
ͷһ
ǬС͸ĸ߼ҿռ䡣ҵķ͵һ𶯣³
ϣķ֮ͺһεݺݵѹڵϡ֮ȴ޷ǹѹ֮
֮£һĻھԺ֮к
Ȼ򣬹ͣλǰĵϢԲʱͿռ䶼ܵľѹơжǰҲ㽡
һƺ󣬾ʱ˶ĲĿǰǵһԾڤڤеĸоԼҪɱ䵽ڶǲǼǧġԣʱĲ
ǣĿ֮ͨϡ
ͨǵڶΡһֱͨϻѵ˼ȷʵࡣ
ͨʵҲǺҪһͨȻޣڱϣȴǷǳǿġ
ܽͨɱ䵽ͨǰ
ʮʱ䣬ĦʱʱҲǽӽʱ䣬Ա㽫ͨɹɱ䵽˵
ͨﵽԸоԼʩչͨʱ򣬱øԲ׽ٶϣҪȵڶͨһϡ
ڱϣͨʹڣǷǳǿˡ
ͨ󣬾ԽĿ꣬͵Ľͨͨʹﵽ˵Ρ
ڼ򣬱뽫ͨɱɽ
ܳɹôɱɽĽͨҲΪͨҲ˵ԵʱΪֳͨı̬
ԶԼܷڶʱڽͨȴûκεİա
һͨΪͨѾǵԾܹģҪԵԼã˳ãǿס꼸ʮ궼
һ㣬Щֵһͨľȴ޷һֳͨܿó


1178 ֲĴһ
̨Իܵһͨ
򡢰ɳĵ͵ڣһͨܲǺܶࡣڻʼĸߵڣһͨͶˡ
ߵУһͨҲڡ
Щٳٲ̤εľ񾳽ߣʱⳤ֮УͻὫྫڲ֮ͨϡ
ˣҪ򳬼ͨ񾳽˵ɹĿҲ㡣
ͨУʮʱת˲šĦʱ֮£Ծİٶʱ䡣
Ǹоһ
յĽͨƺ˼ޡǣʼղܿһңܽ򡣡
⵽սĴµĵ֤գӦþ֪֢ˡ
ǬСеľԣεҡҡͷ
ȻоԼĽͨ뽣ֻһ㴰ֽͱƣȴһֱҪ죬֪ͱ㱡Ĵֽ
һ߼ҵʱٽԲò˳ǬС磬ű󷨴͵档
ҵǷȱһ㣬ôս򡣡
αչأջǺܴġͨ˵򡣡
ҵսгˡԿǿ߲̫ʵ֮µУܹвҵģֻ磬Ҳû١ǻʼȵȸߵڣҵʵҲ⡣ԶԼʵǺŵġ
һЩ֮ʱԱͳ˸߼ҡ
󣬾ֱӷסʱûУʹҵĴ㡣
չأջĶ࣬Ҫúһᵽ¶
ʮȥʮԱȽһЩ֮ͨ⣬ż½жݱչ֮
ڹڴҳʱ䣬ҲڽϣԹָһԾԵΪָڵҲࡣ
䣡
һգͻȻһҵĶڲռӡ
ԭ۾յľԣȻ˫Ŀһ˿ɵĿ⣬
ô£̲סֹ
Ѿ޾зһٶʱ䣬һֱƽȣڲߣ͸ܲڷУԼһ̶ռһ㡣
ǣε𶯣ȴ쳣ľҡ
ۿռڵһ󷨽ƣ˸ҫĿĹķƸֲ֣ÿһ
ಣ
˷䡣
ô£
ʲôˣ
ʲôΣ˰ɣ
۵ķкһ㶼ȽϰȫǲôùǡøΣ˰ɣ
вڵһ񾳽ߣ˳˵ϣ¶֮ɫ
䣡ڴ۷׷׵ʱۣٴξҵ
һ𶯣ǰһΣҪ͵öࡣ
ڴҿȷǳȷʵ鷳
Խʦھͬɲʱһ
ˣ̨׿
׿ܣǷʲô飿תĿ׿ʵ
ھʳ仰ʱ򣬵𶯴һ𶯣ǰθǿҡָоͺ۶ȵбһ¡󷨽ƣҫĹâﵽ۵ĳ̶ȡ
Ե˽µĵ棬ǳһѺۣ
ڻȷ鷳ˣѾ޾ֹͣ׿ɫУҲ͸һɽǡ
ô죿۵ļͳ̶ȣֵܵ𣿡æ
۱ݻ٣ôЩ۵ˣɾͲˡ޾û۵ķǾ񶼻ǳͷۡ񾳽˵ֻ·һˡ
Խʦõģ۵ķǺǿģۣǿǴӻʼ򵽰ɳ֮еģǳɫ׿ɫ˵ߣһȥ濴ػǰˣʱӦѾˡ
ã׿ô˵ҲϾԵ⡣
ܿ죬׿;Ծ֮⡣Ѿв߾ۼ
Щߣɵķ֮ڣǵӰ죬Ǻܴ
Щߴʱͬһ飬Ǿɴ۾ǰ
Ҳ˳ƿ˹ȥ
ǡ࣬һ¡
ǰУһ޴ޱȵӰȫɢļµѹ
Ӱǰͺձ֮ϵһ֥顣ǸӰʵ̫ˣѹѹһƬǴʱڿٷ¾ԵһۿΪǻ
ǡʲôһ


1179 
ӴޱȵģӰԵϢԽᡣǿ꣬þǰӦԼΣա
ģӰܣӰߡԾԵļʶԿӦǺʹһֺϻ󷨣Ǿ޴й
ޣ
޾еޣ׿ҲǶݣյ˵
ޣǶޣʿˮ
ޣҲŹ֪һּޡޣֻ޾գ޾յ׳
磬޵ʳ֮һ
Σյ磬ȴǴ󲹵ĺö
Ȼ˵ޣԴʱ˿̣һοʱȻ޷ƽԼ
ÿֲ˵
ޣ㣬޵ԴϷһɫǡǣҲΪ
ǿͷεǿߣҲҪ޶ǵ
֮ǰ۵𶯣Ǳ޶ͷŵСޱȵۣײ֮£еıۡ
ûáͷޣδꡣ׿Щҵĵ
ʲôô壬ûꣿ㶡
ţûг꣬Ҳˡһ꣬޵ͷҪһϡޣݿɾΣˣ˵ᱻ۴⡣׿ͷ
պУޣѹоʵ
ᾭ޵ġ׿ҡͷ˵ҵľ˵Ҿڻʼ򵽰ɳߡڴ֮ǰʮϵպУޡպǿٳıȽϰȫĺߣһ⵽޵Ĺ
ǵֵۣܵͷޣȷϵ
ţģͷ޵ʵȻͨҲǱ³ǰϵʵܶԸǰϵϻ󷨵޵׿˵
ˣǰϵԶΧܵӰ
ǣˣǰϵĻÿˣʵﵽ׼Ρкϻ󷨸ͨΧ֮£Ҳռκαˣʱ䳤˿ܻᱻɱ׿ͷ˵
׼Σѹֿ˵ʵǿԻȻ
׼񣬹˼壬һ̶ϣѾǿߵսͬ
֪һλ׼Ρ
εߣǰͻһ̤Σ֮Уˡˣƥ
ˣҲߣζﵽĳɾ͡ǣҪˣȴǼѡټߣҲЩ
һЩʱܾúܾãһֱ̤εߣһ֣˵Ļᣬ취Ѱ
۷ߣ˺󣬱ǿڵ֮۳һöαˡ
ַͨʽα˵ߣ׼
ҪѰˣҲһ׵顣
磬ҵˣ֮ġҲ˵һ֮󣬲Żһöˡ׼񾳽α˼Ҳǲٴαʹõġ
ԣ֮УҲǼֵǵı
ʧȥĵ߶࣬ҵ˸α˵ߣȴٵúܡ
Ȼǰֽͨ˴Ӷα˵׼
̻ڲÿһ߼ϣԼĻֻвͬӰԽĳϣԽ࣬ܳʮǰϣа˸һϣǰֻ׿˵
޵ɱսĸʱ
Խʦ쿴ǰԳˡ׿˵
׿˵ҲǰӰ
ʱǰԼٶȣִ޸աԿǰУһɫľ޴󳤽ҪԼĲϼӡ
ֻǰһŭȡ
ͬʱ֮ܵУһƬҫ۵Ĺ⻪ڶ
ɫľ޽֮ϣһƬâһŷ
ţƬâӴնɱȥ
Ե񣬽ĿһĻֻ˲䣬ҫ۵Ľ⣬޶ͷŵײ⣬˺޶ǵֿϮɱӴ֮ϡ
𣡡ޱУһŭ
Ӵޱȵ֮УǱɾ޴ײˡ


1180 
ǰֺ޵ĹҲûֹͣǵĹܹǣס޵Ķ˵Ĺͺһ޴ܵԼ
ǰһ֮󣬵ڶϮɱ
ڶֱƿ޵
ԿԿѤõĽ⣬ڣƻޣЪ˹
𣡡
¡޷ŭĲҽУ㣬зĵ̤
ߣߣϷУߣ
ǰԶԶ
ʱȷʵƣ̤㣬Ӵƴȫľ۵󷽴С
ǣǰ졣кȵͬʱֵĽѾն
ͻȻһת·ԤеΣգԴƴһ
ͷϵĶǣֱֱײ⡣ʱǰĵڶȻûɢƻ
ۣ
⣬ն޵Ķǣ޵Դ
޾޴ҵĲ
𣡡޷ҵŭ
ţϢȥ
ʱӴǿʼڡңٶȼ졣
ȻԶܸ֪̺ƺڱ⣬뵽޾֮С޵ܣǿࡣ
ֹƬ̣ԭ޷޴ʧ
ʱǰȴΧſһϡ֮кɫ޽һ뵽ޱնɱλá
ͽˣصĺһ
ǰ֣նɱޡ
Ȼ˵ͷδ꣬ս̫ǿǣͷޣͨǿ˱ˡǰֻͽ޻ɱ
ǰʵжǿ
Ե飬δΪޱնɱɡѾ룬Լΰǰ
ǰлԼֻ֣²ҪֻһܳɱڵԼ
޵ǿĹڶʱնɱޣǰϵַ׿ھԱߣ˵
ǰϣֵһöΪ嶼ǴԻϻȫɢ޾Сϣһö龧ʯⶫĺö׿˵
龧ʯ̺ռ䡢ͺڰ֮ռ䷨򡢺ڰ򲻿ɶõĸر
δϵ龧ʯֵҲܴﵽϰһ񾧡εǿߣ龧ʯΪ⡣
ԽʦҲȥɣѾɱΣսˡ׿תĿһ˼ľ˵
š׿Ļ˵ͷ
»ص۵в㡣
Ȼޱɱȴûٴγ֮ǰ޹εۣ󷨽Ѿܵ΢ˣҪ޸۲ŻٴʼС
һ޸ʮʱ䡣
ڲ󷨽̫ˣȻвʦų޸󷨣ʱ䣬Ȼܳ
⻹󷨽˲£ʧ̫Ҫϰ޸ʱ䶼
ʮ۲ٴοʼǰС
ôأ
ǰϼһȻһֱûܸо϶Ļϲ⡣ûңڷУѹܴ
ڼǰɱ޺󣬾ԾЩˡ
ƺĿǰֻԼΪεǿߣϣѡ
Ϊ񣬶ʱǲʵ顣ҲûԸΪԼڵִʼ֮ǰ̤񾳽硣
̤񾳽磬һ˻ʼֻ¾ԼˡϣǰΪ˹˼̻Լ֡ɵ˻ʼ򣬵˱ܷ۵ճУǰɾҵ֡
ģĪ·һˣ˼ǰҲҲܹѵİ취
Ŀǰܵõ׿İĵĳȥǹ޾ա޾ƮҲһ֡
ôˣͨɣͨΪͨ򣬻һЩԿųԺеĸ񣬼ͨͼͱƽͨһ㴰ֽ
ˣǼʮȥ
Խ
׿Ծסķ֮⣬һ
һ̳ǬС磬ٴ򿪷ţȻ׿ܾվ档
׿ܣԹ˹֣˵
ã߶ˣ׿ֻ󣬽뾰Եķ䡣
Խʦʮң۾Ҫִʼճˡº׿Щֵı˵ôһ仰


1181 ϣ
׿ûڵ׿˵ȥ
׿ܲרŹԼٹʮִʼճаɣԣ׿϶лҪ˵
Խѵûпǹ۵ִʼճ֮𣿡
Щ꣬ԽദлࡣЩҾֱ˵ˡоųɵİȷǰϻԽ㶯֡ʱ䣬۽ʼճ֮󡣡׿ȷʵֱӡ
ɫû¶κγԾɫ뵽ֿԡ
ѵ׿а취ͷһᵽ׿˵Щصˡ
ûİ취һ취Խԡ
ǰǾԽ֣Խһȥ˻ʼճУֻûκλĿԡ˵İ취ȻҲкܴΣգȴɵϣԽܻ׿۾΢˵
׿˵Եӣ
˵ɵϣһɵϣڵľ˵Ƿ
ͨȻûнĲΡʼֻж̶ʮʱˣʮʱҲûκΰգܽͨ򡣶ң˽ҲûпܶԿǰ
׿ûٿڷǸΪһ֮ۻںͣͣλãǿϪճеġ
ԽǸ߼ʦȻʶ㣬Ӧֱ֪ɣ׿ʵ
壿˵δл֪Ҳ޾вͬ
ԣ壬޾ղеĲң޾е򣬲֡׿
׿ܵ˼ǣһڿϪճͣĵطأ̾
ǺǣԽȻ͸֮ˣһ˵ˡ׿¶һ˿΢Ц飬˵ʱͣϵߣкܶ඼뿪ݵУ׽塣
壬̻᷽棬߼չȻҪ׽壬Ҳ֮¡ǿߣδػջ񣬸Ҫ˵񾳽ߡǣ񾳽ڶ࣬˵вõˣܲ׽һ塣
̻ÿһۣھʱ򣬶ͣϵߵ沶׽塣׿
׿ܵ˼ǣҳ뿪ۣȻٻüͷһ
ʶȷʵһûᡣǣƺںܴ⡣
Ȼ˵ֹͣλãճвԶ޾֮У޷ֱ淽򡣾Ϫıܷ۲Զҵܷ۵ĿҲǺܴ
ˣҾãԽǰΨһᡣ׿˵ͷ
һͼָԽѰҵϪıܷۡ׿֮Уȡһ
ͼҲǷǳĶǸ߼ͼһ㶼̻ңͼͲܷơ
Խ߼ͼǵշΧԽ㡣
͵£֮ڣ߼ͼǷǳεĶ
׿óľ򣬾ĿеϲɫԽ¶
ͼָôھϪԶ޾֮УҵϪܷۣͼ򵥶ˡ
׿ֱӽͼ͵ǰ
飬ԽˡԽӹֻǼ򵥴һ䡣
飬ԱضС
ԵĴ׿ж˶ҪģǾ仰
ʵϣ֮˰ﾰԣҪԭ򣬻˽ġΪ߼ʦֵԼȥͶʡһλ߼ʦ꣬ԼĽضо޴ĺô
׿ȻֻǾ񾳽ߣп˵ãֻҪԲδ̤񾳽ĿԶܴ󡣶һεĸ߼ʦӰͺ˵׻жˡ
׿ڵΪһδͶʡĶ࣬ʵƷҲһݱȽϸ߼ͼѡõģȴǾǷµһݳ顣
׿ܣһɣǰһֱڰмҡ뿪ۣ̾ͻõϢʱĿ뿪ͼִ֮˵
һ㣬ҲΪǰȥ׷㡣ԼΣ۵ִʼ֮ǰǲ뿪̫Զ̫ʱġ
ȻҲ뿪ԣҾûȥ׷㡣
ΪˣҲ˵Խֻɵϣܹѡ׿ҡͷ


1182 ׷ɱ
ǰȻȥ׷ɱԽʦ׼ΪĻȴԴ͡
Ȼֻǻ֣ԽʦлĻᡣ
ڲܿǣ֪м׷ɱȫԽʦֻͬڽӡ
׿ⷬȴ΢΢һɡ
ĵģǰǼ׼λԼвСˡһͨҲԼкܴļ׼
׿ѵĿֻɡھԼֻҪǰԳ׷ɱԼѵĻﵽ߰˳ɿû⡣
ˣɿ˲١ЩѹͷĴʯ·һӱῪˡ
׿뿪󣬾Խ˹
Ҫߣ϶ҪϹڡ
ԼĹϵ˾֪Լˣ֮ءԣȻ¹ڵһߡ
˵ǬСƶռ䣬һߣԼжҲʲôӰ졣ǬСһЩصĶֻҪڲǬСߡ
ڵĶԻҲȫǴķʽԾԵľȫûһԸžߡ
ǵȴһʱͣʱ䵽
һգһϢڴǾԵȴʱϢ
ϵ񾳽ߣ뿪ۣ޾գ׽塣
Ȼִȥ׽壬۷ҲֹֻǣεߣǾһ뿪۽޾գֻ¾ԶҲزˡ
ɲǱܷ۷ΧЩ޴ڵ磬Ͳ߿Եֵסġǣӵеֵⱦ
ֻͣһʱ䣬һ֮κûлص۵ߣ˻ǻŵģԶ޾С
ڣߣ׷׳Խ뵽ǬСҲ˳ĵĳۡ
˵ģһһ˵ļ֮¡
۶㣬ػǰס֮ء
ػϣԽ񼴽뿪ۣγȥ벻᷵ءյ׿ǹԽӴһıʲôϪܷ۲ԶӦͼԽʵ԰ȫִϪܷۡҧгݣݵ˵
ػϴˣǲԽ񣬲뿪ۣ˶٣ּ˵
뿪ۣʲôɣǰûɣǿпɣǲǵڸˣҪԽ𣿡
⡭ƿڡ
ǺǣԽΪߣǰЦһ
һǰĿһת
ڣڣһӰ̹Ӧ
һȻ֣ҲǰġǲǰĻͬʱҲǰ˽ūǶǰԵҳϣûбѵĿܡ
ܹα˳Ϊ׼ߣǺķǰ޴Ĵۡ
Σ涯ְɡȥǸԽ֮¡ǽ˻ĴҴáֱ֮ɱʬ廹ϵƷҪκ©ǰһԸ˵
ǣ֮һ
ǰԸԽ񾳽ߣһһ˳ʹ´ˡ̫ȥһ˷ѣ̫Ҳע⡣
һ׼񣬶ԸһôܴڲңһҲ˸֮УʵǿһǶЩո˵ͨҲܶһ
ϴˣһһȥһûǸԽˣһȥҿ԰æָϡæӿ˵
ԾԵĺ⣬Զڳˡ޲óԾԵ⣬ȾԵѪлῴԱŪǾʵһĻ
ȻҲãһ޷ɱԡȻǾԶ֣ɾҲͱԼǿһ㣬ֻҪһ󣬰ȫȻݡ
ǰĻǾеһȷʵûԽˡţҲʲô¡
ȥɣǰһ־ͬˡ
һٳۡ
һվ֮У΢΢һǹһĨ΢ЦӦ˾ԵϢ
Ӱһǿ׷ȥƴ߶ֵ磬Ҳٸһ
޾֮УһϮɫ۵ľԣٵǰС
̵ʱ䣬ԶۣԽԶԽãԽԶԽȫ
֮
Уֹͣ˷СĿ⣬Զһİ͸Ӱϡ
Ƕ˰ɣ壬һȼԽ߼͸ȾԽߡӰӣ͸ˣҲеƷʵġҲǵһο塣


1183 ޴
󣬾ûԼϢΧת
޾Уһ񣬿ɲΪܵǿȣԵֵ磬ǿɾΣˡǴ壬߶壬ڶʱҲȫܿס硣
ۣ
ȫ󣬾졣
壬ʱڳʴû⣬ʹޱˬġ
ҧҧ
ֻ׵ʱ򣬾ԲҼˡԲ׽ɲ˵˵ġ֣ܹ߳׽ļʶ
ǽϢȫǾԿ壬ͻᱻˡһӦΣգӴܡ¾ͨҲֻĪ

꣬ȻͷųѸޱȵֹȥԵ˫Ŀƣǰ͸Ӱ
ϣ壬ͻȻһͬʱһк
ţԿֲٶԶݣֻգ֮䣬Ծʧȥټ
⡭ѰƬ̺¶һ˿Ц
ûֳԲ׽壬޷Ҫ׽Ѷȡ
ԵģֻƷ壬ǶԸߵ壬Ҫ׽ѡ
ҡҡͷ󣬾Խתʼ塣

˵أû߳֡ﶯ֣Ӧúܺʣ
һ֮У
ߣ
ˣһֱβžԡȻ޾֮УȵȷܵӰ죬һ׼ǿߣȷʵܿ¡
㾰ԶʩչͨȻܽҧסԡ
û˵Ŀе˷֮ɫһܼ࣬һִ𼴽ñˬо
ಣһ壬ͻȻƶžλüٶȥ
ƴ߶ҧأĸһıӰ֪Ҫһһѣǲ̫ܡ
ţ
ѰľԣһоһǿϢֱԼ
Ҫ¶𣿡
ʵ뿪ۺ󲻾ãԾ͸Ӧ˸Լжϣȷ˲ǰ˺󣬱ҲǺܵġһ׼ҪڵԼǻ治Ǽ򵥵顣
ӦϢԼ󣬾ԵûмУֹͣ
ʮʱ󣬾Կһ
Ȼǻӡ
޽ֵʱ򣬾Լס˵òڿһ̾˳
㿴ȻܣһҲٶȣžԣ˵
ΪҪܣֲǰǸϻ쵰
ˣĲͷˣһһȡ
ǰˣȻ̱ԼǰԼΪϻ쵰
ԽҸѡһԹһصۼһֻɱ㣬ȻʬԼϵƷۡһȫ£ŨҵɱŷԵĿ⣬ʮ㡣
Ϊ˵ķԸŲ뾰˵ôϻֱӾͶɱˣ
ԣЦһĿ⣬Ȼһʱ˵ڶӰ
ѵ΢΢һ
ԺʧˣѾ˵ڶӰ˭
һȫᱻԿ
Խû뵽ԼҲнɣĺһɫΪ֮ǰ߶·Щ졣
һû뵽㻹еǰ֮֡ǰ̨ϣǰϻ쵰㣬ҿ˭ܾ㡣Ц˵
ԲѵĶһ㻹ţм˵ֿһһˣԽ²ĸߡߣ͵ɱ
ȲҪԱնɱ
һɨһۣûκλӦȻĻЩУֻˣˣһŲ
Խ񣬲Ҫ˷ҵʱˡڸңѡǻһܣʼͣα˵֮£֮ȶ
ɱңҲÿû£׼񡭡ǺǣҵҪ׼εߣжǿʵЦǰǸϻ쵰ǴˣΪƾһ׼񻤷ң棡
ԵͬڻҰ޾У۳һâҫ㡣
֪ߵغĶϧԽڣҾҪۿǰһʬ塣ϲҴڸУԵΪҲͱԼǿôһ㡣


1184 ɱ
Ϊˣûվ̫ԶһԶ
Ծ֣ҲܺܿвһһԣһֻҪָΣȻɻˡ
ʱſúܣԾצＫġ
ৣ
СԾǰ̨֣սϣͱһʬˡ
ϼ˲Сɫ⣬е̿ɫޱѤá
ɱ˵Եһȣ˹ȥ
ûκεη壬ŭȡ
֪һ϶ἰʱֹԽ
Ҫֲܽ⡣һҡҡͷžԣֱչſٳľĳһơ
ߣ
ͨһĳӡͬʱԵͨʩչ
УԵɫӰٿʧ
ţһĿ΢΢һ
ԣƤӵʧˡͷſӦһŷ֮ϢѾĽǰ
ͨЩ⣡һ̾ףʹһΪͨ
վԭֻоһǿϢͻȻĸ
ͷһ۾ԲæȡԼͻȻֵϢɨ
ڵˣԸֳǹճһ˿Ц
еĲϼ͵ǰ̳ڵתȥ޵ĽͨȻ١ڣͻأĳһС
̨ϣɱǿǹⱣܶʵġ֣ԶǾԵĶ֡
һΣԶõͨͻȻǰû㹻׼Ϊһסԡ
һԣûжϴһȷʵˡǣһĳ֣⡣ȣһҲû뵽ͨΣһԱǺġȫ֣ǾԵͨ治ͨһӽ
飡
˻
ĵֵԵĽ˺ѡ
Ĳҽ壬һƬɫֱֻɲ֮䣬ͱԸɴĸɵ
̳һ֮󣬱ٴʩչͨӰѾ˽ԶĵطҲģԼɱʱһԼ֡ˣһû̳֣·ɱĵӡ
һĿžԡ
֣ʵһȤ˵
̨սһûֳҲ˵սã˵ʵӦýӽڣһͽնɱ˵׼㣬ҲܿԵʵԶֹһ
ǰϻ쵰һʱ޿̲ҪҵҲЩƣǲǺΣգЦ˵
˵ʱԻ֪ǰػϣ֪ûǰܻ֮ˡ
һЩƣԾ˵ȷʵ˴æǱֳԶʵһǰͲֻһһˣܿȫ
ãܺã
Ȼֻһп޵Ĺǰɱ˵Ĺһ֪ʲôڣһҪˡ

һɫһСһˣһɫצ
ԶһеŹİһԸ޵ʱ򣬾Կһʹõⶫ
צһóǿҵĻϢе
ಣצϮɱ
ৣͨʩչԽ߶˼ޡ
ͬʱԴܣҲ뵽֮ڡ
䣡
޾УһƵľ촫
Եɶȥδɳʱ򣬾Ծת˴塣
㵹ɳǧףֹס塣
ֳצһҲɡУͬǵ˳ȥ
޾֮У޷ȫԣǾԻһɳԶȻ׼񾳽һɵľȾԵɵľ̵ö࣬Լֻ֮һҡ
ǿ
׼䲻񣬿Ҳֲˣ˼תĿ磬գһ
ʱһΪľʵûϵԵս˵ı뺷һûжԾش˷˼ǣȻɳ߰˰ס
һǾ񾳽磿һĿУ˸ɻĿ⡣
ǾûκϢɣԽҲԼһ׼񾳽ˡ
Խҡ⣡һͳɤ
ͬʱӰžԱƽ
𣿻ⲻᵽΪֹһкֶܶΣȥ˿ȵ


1185 ײ
֮Уһٶȿ硣
˲Ϣ֮䣬ǴңԶ˾԰ĵط

һצݺžϮɱУצ͵ıǣȴӼ׵ӣǵסڵצӣҲʮ
ǿѹڵצӣ·ҪԵԴץϡá
Կնһɫ⣬ӭϡ
ͬʱͨʩչԵӰʧһ֮ڡ
һһǸһĨЦ
ǰСУһȡ
棬һųȵĻ۶
ޱȵĻ棬ٿ䴫ݵצһƬ֮У·𶼱ȵĻ⡣
ľԣֻоһɿµһ£ţӭˣǵضȵϢ·ܷٻһС
ͨʩչòֹͣԵ壬³֮С
ǡǾ˵Ļ棬ͨ
˳֮ͨ⣬κεһͨ˿µܡ
㲻Ǻǣҳ֮£ζΣһЦ˵
Ȼǳͨ
򣡾Ȼʶͨδ򣬸˵ˡ
ͨҲһͨĳͨɹĽɱ䣬ǳΪ򣬳Ϊµĳͨ
׼񾳽ߣͨ˵ԼαˡϣѾߵ˾ͷαۺ󣬾Ͷˣ޷дһҲܳΪǿߡ
ǣЩα˵׼ȴԽȫľʱ䣬ͨյͨԽ࣬ǵսȻԽǿ
Ȼ׼߲ͨҲǼѣ񾳽˵Ǽʿɾʹˡ
һ˳򳬼ͨ׼ҲΪ˳ͨܳΪǰ֮ʵǿġΪˣոսǿ߶һ
ǷǳֲԵͨ£Чʹ󽵵ˡ
Եɫһ˳ͨ׼һСģԼˡ
ԽǰӲԹ־ܰɣһӰٴζ
ΧҫĿ棬ǿˡңڳ£ٶȣǿ쵽þ۾Բ׽ĵز
ֻоǰһǻȼյצԣʶĵֵ
䣡
ƺ֮󣬾ԵɿصĿײþԵݺݵһ£顣дĴڣԶˡǴ壬ֻһײͻܵش
һûиκϢʱ䡣
ֻü˿ȼܳȻצٴӭ
ɶ񣡡ҧ
򣡡ԣʹ
ڱʩչ֮̾ͳԵЧ
еһֻһɾ޴Լϡ壬ǲɿƵģ׹ȥ
еצǣԭǹŵצӣȴץ˾Խµ֮С
һ㵵ģǡҫĿĳγɵĳȻ棬ƺܵӰ졣һԸоԼƵĳܣܵ˺̶ܴȵѹ
ʲôһЩˡ
ҪΪֻ˳ͨ
ৣ
ϼھ˵仰ͬʱ㼤ɫ⣬һϯȥ
ʩչҲûа취顣򲻵ѣԻ治붯ڼȻˣôͱ룬߾ȫɱһϢͻй¶ȥ
һǰ׷ɱԻǿӦԡɽɽ֪ϢǵʱͲڵԼܹˡ
⣡⣡벻㡭һ񣬾ȻҲ˳ͨһؿھҵ
ԴʱĿеս⣬ȴԽĸ߰
Ӧɣ˵ֳͨԽΪ򣬾ҿ⣿ˣԵĽϯһ˵仰
Ȼô˵񲢲̫ںԵĹı飬ȴǳء
֮£սѾܵӰ졣׼Ҳ޷ѵӳϵǣ
һצһɨסɫ⡣
ۣĲɫ⣬ܻצķ
ײ֮УӰٴαˡһΣȻԴԵ·硣
ⳡս֮УԵĳԿ֮ھ硣һϾ׼Ȼ񣬵Ҳαˡ


1186 ֮
ӵα˵һԷ֮ãڵľܱȵġ
ԣȻһĳ򿹺⣬Ȼԡ
ҺõǣԻд̣ڶս֮ˣֻҪṩ㹻ܿٻָһشȱݣһǿ߶սУѹġ
ɱȥܼ죬ʱ̫ãдֻҲֲס
ȻƣԵս⣬ȴûκε
ʹ죡
һһսþǰδеĳ죬쾡µսֶζõ£ĻԾ˵ࡣ
˻һ׽ʦ
ôǿľɱѣͲ׽
ɱ꣬δǿľȻûۼڣֻǾ񣬾ϳԿ̫ࡣӦôﵽĲΡˣôͻָӰսҲֻдεʹҪĴ磬ȼֲס
һвֹһΣͷ
ֻҪսȥʤվһġ
һڶսУκεиκλ̷һЩҩ֮Ķġ
һɱѾ졣
ս֮УԵ꣬ͻȻһֿ֪ѾʩչٴεͨʱԽͨһ޷׽¸
þѹƲסϲ
ĽͨʱѾǵļޡµ˵ٽһͽǽ
æų׷һ˿Ե
ˣɱֳһ졣˴ʱѾȫָԵơϵһЩ˿ڣϣϵѪҺ͸
Է·ûκβ
ˣ΢΢һ
ʩչĽͨӦ֮Уһ˿΢ı仯
ϼ۶Ľ֮ϣһâдӦԿǽâ֮ǳ˹͸
ĺһŬѹеĿϲ֮顣
֪ԼĽͨѾ˱ʵı仯ڣͨѾ˻ת䣬ﵽ˽ٽ㡣
ûмŷ߶仯ĽͨϸģԼܹ֪һЩ©֮
ǼʱʱȥԵƣѾԽԽءȻδս̫Ӱ졣ȥ޷ټֳһ졣
ˣڳˣҵĽ򣬵ڶֱյĳͨĿУȻ⡣
Ƶı仯һһʱ͸Ӧˡ
ô£
ԽѵǷ֪ԼԷħˣһüͷһ壬аš
ħҲûãأħֻø죡һĿ¶Ц⡣
צٴ뽣ײ֮
ֻһΣȴǰظε龰һˡ֮УצγɵĹĻֱӾͱǺɫĻƵܻ棬ɫ⣬ˡ
ʲôһĻһס
ôܣĹôһ֮ࣿһ࣬·𱻺ݺݵĳһ£
͸Ĳɫâݺݵ壬ѹâ֮ϣ˵ܣһȫڡ

Բܣ⽣ͨôôӵܣһ
뾰ԽôãǳȷԵֶõȫˡǽͨɱʱԾԵĽͨ˵ָơ
ԵԵĽܽٺͲʵ
ⲻô򵥣췽ҹ̷
ͨţĪ˽˭ܽܣ
ʱ˿̣һٲܽܣҲʵǽҪոĽܣѾԴϷ
ƣһ͵³һѪα˲Ϣ֮䣬ԶƽʱԱ
䣡һ壬·׹䡣
׹֮УеѪ¶֮ϣһĿĵѺۡ
ûκγɣͨʩչ׷˹ȥ
Խôʩչͨⲻܣֻһôͽֳͨ
ҲģҲģһ˺ѷεĲҺ
ûߣԺеģֻǲӷ죬Ѿӽħˡ
ɣû˵ֻ̫࣬˵֡
һɫ⣬գһ˹ȥ
һķγɵ֣Ȼѡ


1187 ʧ
۶㣬ǰס֮ء
ʱһ׷ɱԽʦĵ졣
Ȼʱ䣬ǰûκεżڴ˵ͣʱһ꣬úܡ
ţ
΢΢ĿǰͻȻһһӿ
ô£ǰէȻ˫Ŀɨֻһ˵ķ䡣
һˣǰվϲ˼ı顣
һūԼū˼ԶĵطҲܵһʱӦ
һ̶ϣū˿˵һġ
֮䣬ϣڤڤ֮еǣ
ūԼҲҪһ۵ġۣǽū֮СΪˣһͷūɢ
ū˵꣬ҲһӰ졣Ӱ첢󣬵ҲȫӡԽΪǿū˵ӰҲԽ
ԣһ߲޵ūԼ
ʱǰ꣬ܵһӰ죬ԲƵʹ
ôܣһȥ׷Խôȷһ֮ǰЩĶš
޷ôġ
ԽʦȻɱһ˵Խ񣬾ϣǰ֮⣬Ҳûеڶɱճͨ׼һ
һǿߣ㲻УҲԻʱ䣬ͨѶʯϢ
ǰ֪һ뾰Խ֮У֮Աɱȫʱ̣ͨ򡣵ֻ֮ͽӽħһɱ
һûκʱ䣬ȡѶʯʧһУڵʯ֮䣬̫ˡһҲѹûдѶǰͷ
ǰͳ˻һ
һʧ̫̫ˡһճͨ׼ūֵ
ҽǰԷȵ
ܿ죬뷿䡣
ˣ˹
һˣȥô¡ҵǸԽɱǰԸ
һˣĸɫ΢䡣Ҳ΢ѣϾͻָ
ĸӦһת뿪
в̨׿ҲܿյӦϢ
һûлĸֳȻ߹ԽʦʵʵȴȻ͹ˡ׿۾΢С
ԽʦǴðδһʱڣλԽʦעҪŹˣ׿תҵͶʣǶˡ
޾֮У
նɱһ̳֮һצָֽ
צҪԼĲϼܻʢȻδﵽ鱦ΣҲڸߵͺ鱦֮䡣
ô͸һָֽ졣
һָֽУֻ弶񾧺Ϳĵҩ
ǰϻ쵰ԼҲ湻ģҡҡͷ
һȡһĴѶʯһȻת˲Ϣ佫Ѷʯ׻Ϊޡ
˵زܾҵȥչͨĴ߶ʩչ
һսʱ䣬˵ѾһЩ˹עˡΣ̫
ʩչͨʮʱԲֱֹͣӽǬС硣
ԽǰǬСеĹڼԣӭ
ԶԹڰڰ֡
Խǰ㡭ˣڿõ·մѪŵ˵
šԵ˵ͷûˣҵ̱չˡڣҳ֮ǰҪҡ
˵ţֱӾ
һһսǼաǽ˵ˡնɱһսУԵҲᡣҪģǱչ峹׻ָ
㹻񾧺͵ҩԵƣҲʲôֻҪĵһתһҲûˣϾ嶼ûܵʲôӰ졣
ʱ䣬Ծͻָһһȫµɫۡ
ԲδأǼոĽ򡣳ͨոҪȫϤ
ǴӵͨɱɵģԲڳֻ̬֮ҪϤô򣬾ǻʵĵһͨ
һʱȥ
۶㡣
ˣܣûзԽټͷ
ҵ˾һսĵطûκη֮֡ĸˣűϪܷ۷׷ȥֱӽϪĵطҲûз־ԵӰ


1188 Դ춯
ǰû
û׷Խ񣬲ּܡϾʧȥϢӦ£Ҫãã޾ҵһˣ̫ˡǰԳҲһĽ֡
Խֲɵ֪׷ôܻἱǰϪıܷۣһĳһطȵһʱȥ̻۱ǰʼŻûǰϪ
ۣȷʵҪˡؾǹأ̻ڲĸ߼ϣҲı
طֻͣһʱ䡣
Ըȥɣǰվ˳
ǣӦ
ǬС磬Գء
ѾǳϤꡢ뽣Ҳﵽ˼ߵϳ̶ȡ
Խǰһϲ˵
šڣΪҵĹϵʱҲǰʼˡЩǸ˵
ȥʼʲô磬ߵҲкЩҲȥʼ򣬻ȥ򡣡ں˵
⵹ҲǡԵͷڻ޾֮УϪıܷ۲ԶҪִϪܷۣҲҪٵʱ䡣ڣܻҪҵƶռšڵΪȻӽ񣬵޾УǺΣա
Խǰģͼȵִܷٳȥæ
ڽһ󣬾ԳǬС磬»ص޾֮С
ó;ۿ
׿͵ͼȷʵȽϸ߼粻ٸ
Ҫ֪һЩͼͼֻܸһ򡣼ĵͼͼֵ͡
Ƭ̺󣬾ͼʼűϪıܷ۷ȥ
ûмŸ·֮أȻˣŪһЩУǰװ˷˻᣿ԣһűϪܷ۽ӽһ̽塣
պ󣬾ͻȻһ
壡ԶǰģӰ
һ壬ӦƷƷ壬ְ͸״̬һ壬ϱȽϻǡ
һƷ壬ֵҲǷǳġҪȻ̻ҲͣȻ߼չ˿Ͳ׽塣
ϢŴ磬ĵĿ˹ȥ
ǰƷ壬ǴαˣһΣԸСġ
ھ廹ٶ׵ʱ򣬾ͣ
ۣ꣬Ȼӿͷųݺݵѹ˹ȥ
ԴͬʱͨʩչԵ壬ӽȥ
ϣ巢־ԣһԶݡ
ܣûôף۾΢С
򣡡ͨʩչ
˲Ϣ֮䣬ϡٶȣȻ併
ݵĹڣԵõ˽ӽĻᡣ꣬ɹס塣
壬ھԵ£ȻҪӴܳȥǣԵǿޱȣƷҪѳȥҪʱˡ
ԵȻܸѵʱ䣬ʩչͨѾĽǰ
ɹˣڣ㻹ôܣһֱάܡ
˽ǰ̽һץסƷ塣
оģ顭ü
ⶫԲ׽Ҫ׽壬ֻȫƾת
ԵĲ׽ߣû취ơ
ûд磬Ǵ߶ӽֻ½ǧ֮ڣͻᱻ
Ȼ󣬾еﵽΣܹӽ֮ڣǵ꣬޷뾰ȡ
󣬾ǵҲǿûҲһֻѡ
ЩԭγɾԵĲ׽ɹ
壬ǿ߶ûð취ɲ޵ķʸ
ף
ھ۲ʱͻȻоԴ춯
ʶģԽԴ۳Դԡձ۳Դ͸Դ޵
Ե˵۾
ѵҵıԴܹ壿֮ǰ治֪Դ塣
ԵԴѾﵽܾúܾˡ񹬵ʱ򣬱Դʹﵽ֮ԲϵԴԴȻ΢ȴûκٴνļ
Ī壬Դٴν
壬Դﵽ߼Ϊ߼ԴԵ˼һӻ
ԴԾԵİѾǼ򵥵ˡھԵĹ֮УԴҲеɻȱĽɫ


1189 Դ
ϣϣ
е壬Ϸ·ܸоԴĴڡ
ٴο˿壬ֱӷſԱԴĿơ
ԴʱͷųһƬΣ˽ȥ
ԿڱԴĹâ֮У彥ֹͣ壬Ҳ֮С
ԼʱʱȫʧƿرԴ
ԽԽˡԶűԴ
ԴɫȷʵѾʼϵ÷ڡ
·ԵĻԴ޵ıﲻƺڿ顣
ֿ飬ֱӾͱˡ
ȷʵడԾϲĸűԴܣȻȻûܽ߼ܱ֮ǰһءţɼƷ壬ܽ߼Ϊ߼Դˡ
ɨա
Բ׽øΪˡ
Դ󣬾ԼǰУŬѰһ塣
һ֮󣬾ٴηټ
ϹأȻĽӽȥ
Խҵʱ
ϣ壬㼱ԶݣʧھԵС
⡭궼ûüͷš
üһƷ壬Ӧǿ󰡣Ƭ̺󣬾Բҡҡͷε̾Ϣһ
ոշֵ壬ȷʵƷΡ壬ȫ͸
Ҫ׽Ʒ壬ˣÿֹš
޾УܵӰ죬ܴܵơ׾²ܶγЧѹơԣԲΪԼڵҪ׽Ʒ壬ÿ
º󣬾ԷһƷ塣һΣԵĲ׽ٴʧܡȻβ׽жֻһ㡣һλᣬӦܳɹ
󣬾ԵĺˣһƷ壬ԽץС
ûļУԽԴͷųԴʼ˷ܵĴ
ȻƷ壬ٶҪöࡣһɣʮʱԴŽԸһɶ
ɵƷ󣬱Դ·ǳ˯ˡԲϵĴɱԴȴûжԾκεĻӦ
Ҫ˰ɣڴš
ʱһꡢꡢ꣡
Դһֱڳ˯֮Сʱ䣬һֱűϪıܷ۷Уһ·ϣǲ׽˲ٵ塣Ʒ壬жʮ֮ࡣƷ壬Ҳ׽ĸ
Щ壬ԷǬС֮ڡǬСڣܣٶٿ죬ҲǾԵ֮
Ʒ壬źΣûһܳɹ׽
һգԼзС
ͼıעӦüϪıܷˡڵӣŻҰ޾ա
治ף̶ʱ䣬Ҿ˼ֵʮ񾧵ԴԸпš
޾շУҪʹֵ磬Զļ߱һֱġ⻹Ǿд£ûд壬ٻһ֮ࡣ
ϣ
ھգһпʱһȴͻȻĴǰ
΢һ񣬾Ϳһ壬Ծ˵ٶһͷԼײ
ʲô
壬ĪҪңΣҲɴ˴ô壬ƷƷƷÿ巢࣬Ӵܡ
δɱġ
˵ȻԲ׽ûʲôս
Ʒ壿
ǺǣȻԼײҾͲˣһųȥ͵ת
Ʒ壬һ̶֮УǱɵץС
ţûȾԽǬС磬ԶһӰ㼱ٽӽ
Ҳ˾ԣٶԼ˽󣬱ȫֹͣ뾰Զӡ
ԶŶԷҲûȿ˵
λѣе壬׷ġ˼һֱĬòЦһڡ
ʵԿߵʱ򣬾ѾˡղɻôһͷԼײԭײԼǱ׷Ų·ŵùĳ嵽ԼǰñԼ¡
𣿡
ߵľ磬ҲǾ񾳽磬ԾԲԼİȫһ׼񶼸ɵˣһ񾳽ߣ
ߣһͳԲѷ֣ǾԽԥ壬ȻúýѵԷˡ


1190 
ѣȷʵȷֵġûܲ׽ǵѸպﲶ׽ҿҲ׷ٶ̫죬޾֮УһЩǿٶҲΪ
ԣȻò׽ȻڵѵĶˡ˵
Ȼ΢Щ飬ˣûǿͷ
ⷬԶߵӡ󣬵Ǻࡣǿʳ磬߽һ㶼ǿ˭ȭͷ˭ʵǿ˭е
Ҳо˲δԼ⡣е⣬ʱأҲиӦ
ĲҪˣԻζһץŵ塣
Ʒ壬ҲҪǬСڣʱжʮƷƷ壬һһ𲢲
ȻǵץģȻСЦЦ֪γƺֽ
֮˵龰ԣҲΥ֮˵ˣΪڱϪı֮󣬿˵ܳˡڱϪȴû˰ˡ
˵еȻҲõ塣˵ûô壬Ҳȷʵ׷ϣֻʧȥټ
Ծ˿ģһҪԭĸӦ֮УǰΪ¼ǲԼ֮¡ұ濴ӦǴӽйġ
һ޾գⲻǵӴġû㹻ĸʵһǻѪ޾գ˾оҲá
ۺϿ֮ó壬ܽύͬߣǵҲһջ
ҽԽ񣡡Ե˵ͷ
˵ⷬȷʵеû׷壬ҿҲ޷塣ɣץ壬Ƕйͣһһ֮Σĥŵ
ҲáѸٵ˵ͷ
ͬʱٴ˼ǣλԽĵѣ²ǱϪߣ
ΪԽԼֺûκ¶ڱϪ֮ڣϢͨһЩߣܶûκӡ
Ȼɾ򣬵ûʳոʶٸʵף˷ľٶ
ֱӻӳƷһΪԼһ룬һ붪
ϲĽӹһ塣
޾У׽ʵ̫ˡµõһƷ壬Ҳõջ
ԽѴﲶ׽壿һʵ
ˣϪճпҡҡͷ˵
ãҲȥˣһ·ͬΣЦ˵
ȷʵ㷵ճˣ㲻ԣҲڼڷء
Ҳá΢Ӧˡ
һεһжİúܡһ˴ţȻȥܶ鷳
ڽ̸֮УҲܷܿ۷ΧǷеĴ͵㣬Ȼͨ͵㴫͵ճС
ճУҪȰɳճиΪӴ
ҲϪе򣬶ɳֻһ͵򣬲˵֮
ԽҪճУǴϪ֮ڣӴֶԾʵ
ȥϪڰɣԶ˶ٲŻش⡣
ûоļƻ
ΪӱɽɽӰɳ׼ǰʼȴû뵽·ɱһǰò;뿪ۣϪıܷۡ
ڵľԣҲȷԼһǲҪȥʼ
ФӢʦԼȥʼĻʼѰӻڵ̻ĸ߼ǰԼðȻʼ뻢ڣ
ҪȥʼҲôӳ飬ͼ֮
˳·ˣҲصϪڡܻҪȼ죬ԽѲһڣҴȥһЩѣԽѲһҲԽǼѡЦ˵
Ҳã鷳ˡ۵˵ͷ
ճУһԻݻľ¥֮ڡ
¥ڵߵ˿;ԴӭЦļ
һĻþ档ЩˣɲǶԼ񣬶Ƕ񡣴һԿݾԲ򵥡ճڣȻ˴Ӱ
һ¥ˣɲһЩèû㹻Ҫ￪Ӵһ¥Ǿ
¥㣬ݻķ֮ڣԺ˽ʱѾ
ռڣƮƵζ
һ˰а
ƣǶƣɲһܺȵġ
УŮ˽ȫվ
ô
ǰ˵ϾͻȴһȾǼꡣȻ˵¥ҵĲҵ﷿䲻շѣЩˮʳʵǲ񾧰
ߺߣȻˣǿɵֲǵʧ
ڵļˣȻȽϤ˵Ҳûʲô˼ɡ
ҪֲǵʧΣЩʳˮѵǱҳԺ˵ģ˷ۡ
ܿ죬ĿͿŮߡ
ӡӨҲڣƺŮӵĳ֣Щ⡣
˵Ӽйո֣Ӳ᲻ӭɣµŮӣЦȻ˵
һŮӣ˲٣ֻǶͷû˵
ӭȻӭúܣλӿ붼벻ĹͣôܲӭأæЦ˵
ʱҲǾЩ˼ˡ¥ȻҵĲҵʲôݣЩѣҲǼڱϪ֮ڣļ壬Էͬһ㰡
˺ˣл˵ǽһ¡
λԽ֡壬Խܸˡ
֣촺ǽղһڡλӣλǺӣλǸӨӣˣܸ˾ԡ
λѺãԹ˹֣΢Ц
ˣҲֻ
ʵھԸոս뷿ʱǾѾٵעھԵϡУȻİúܣǴδǸһģȻѣҲûмѯʡ
򵥽ܣȻԾûʲô˽⣬ɲϣҲ̫Խˡ
λǾϢʱ䣬ȻһͬرϪɣ˵
Ȼģ
ǣδ޾ɱħٶʱˣҲ졣
Ȼ죬죬ɵóѪúдǡϤļˣ׷׽
һ˸ˣ½
Щˣ⣬ҲֵúܡǶԾԣһֵ˼ˣ˵Щ䡣Ҳѹ֣ǱϾһμԣʲôݱ
λֿǿˣġǲ֪ʱǴģҿ֣ҲʵһЩ䣬˵һ䡣
ⷬҲġ
Щˣһ߳ģ޵ĴһϢԵΪǿɲһܱȣòҪˡ
Ȼһ˵Ǽɫһ仯
ԽѣҲؾ𣿡λкŮӣһ˫Ŀھתʵ
ؾ㶡
û˵ʲôؾûȥʲôؾ
Եһ˵ڳˣɫٴγֲһı仯
ȴǸȷԲǱϪߣҲϪڵļߡߣؾһȵúܣô֪ܲؾ
Ӧûؾֵʵ缸걨ᣬǵõһ϶ûκ⡣Ц˵
ҡҡͷؾȫûκ˽⡣
ĸˣû᱾νؾ̫ϧˡһߣһЦ˵һ䡣
⻰ڸ̧ԣζȴ졣Ǿĸˣɱζ档
üɨһһ֣ۡһĿǸӨ顣´ˣԸӨ˼˵⻰ĿģӦΪˢڸУӨڵע⡣
ǸӨӣúܣĿδһϡ
֡
λǴӼԶؾ˽⡣λǲ⣬ɷҽһؾϢЦ˵
ԭǴģѹֶؾ֪֣ڸе֮Уؾǿ˲֪˲񾳽֮µߣΪһؾһúܣԲҪ촺˵
ǰϧؾаͽĻʱˡղҡҡͷ˵


1191 ⲻʵ
ؾʱ䲢̶ȷǣؾʱܳ
Ҫؾֻһ;ɱħܶӦ׬ȡĻ֡
ؾǧ֮ǰὫϢͨҪؾʸ߿Եڳٷ
ϵǼ֮󣬼ǰħռɱħ׬ȡ֡գǰʮߣýؾʸ
Ҫؾһơ˵ܽؾؾ򣬻ų񾳽ߡ
ΪˣÿһؾеߣǾ񾳽Ραߣͬܽؾ
ڵļˣ˸Ө֮⣬ǰпڣؾϢ˾ԡ
ħռ䣬ڱϪ֮ڣʵ
ħռ䣬븽ĸϪֻ֮һҡͷ˵ʵϣħռ䣬һֱʴĸʱ䳤֮УϪڵĸѾħռʴ˺ܶࡣ
ǰΪˣĸŻ֧ǰħռɱħħֲֳǰͺǰħռɱħռʴĸٶֻ졣촺˵
㲻ؾҲк߽ܶħռɱħħȻûʲôͨɱħ׬ȡĻ֣ȴڸٷһԴڽӿ˵
ɱħҲǱȽյ顣һЩͼħ˵߼ħǾҲΣաؼģħȺħޣһһѣǵصĺˡ촺ָ̾˵
ħռȻôаΪֽ߲䳹״ݻأתʵ
ܴݻ١ҡͷ˵ħռ䣬ĸ״ݻħռ䣬ǰϪڵĸ򣬶ԣΨһİ취Ǿɱħӻħռٶȡ
ü
ֲǱϪߣܻ֪һ¡ǰϪʵҲһߵ򡣾Ϊħռĳ֣ŵߵ򣬷ѳĸе򡣡˵طǱճС
ĸǰһ塣ħռǰͻȻм֣򣬷ѳ˶ĸ򡣡һ˵
ԣͷҲ΢΢һ
ħռ䣬ȷʵһа񣬾Ȼܽһߵзѣγĸе
Ǻǣֶħռ˽ô࣬ĪҪؾҪᣬҲõ´ˡؾʱ伴ʣʱ䲻ˡһЦЦϧ˵
ʱ䲻࣬ҲǿԵģǣа𣿡ЦЦһɨɨ
ֶԼİǺǣʱҪ㹻Ļ֣ɲʵһԵĻ֮󣬲һ£вЩŭƤЦⲻЦ˵һ䡣
Щ̫ˡ
ڸӨǰʧӣеĲã֪
͸ӨŮӣǾ仰ҲҡͷһЦ
ˣǾͱ˵Щû˼¶ˣȾƣƣ⼸ܹһԾԵ̬⣬廰˵
󣬰˸һͬճеĴ֮ǰ
֣еҪ뿪һᣬżȥһԶ˵
֣Ҳ̫ˣȻ£ǵһǣֲһʱġ̶ԾԵ
Ǿ鷳λˡԹ˹֣תʧڼ֮ǰ
֣Խʲôͷھʱ뿪һһ˳
ˣҲ
Ǳңֽʶʱ䣬Ҳ١ֵʵԺǿ˵
׷壬Խɾͽ岶׽֣Ȼ˵ǸǡɳԽڵλãѹ׽壬ֶξͺܷǷˡ
ǣһһĴأԭǸûļһһЦһ
һҪ˵üЩõĿһ
һãҲûм˵ʲô
һߣԵһƧ֮ǬСڵĹڷ˳
Խǰڳ󣬿ԣ̼
ڣǱϪճУʲô㣿ǽ뱱ϪǴǰߵ򣿡ѯʵ
ҡҴۣǰߵ򡣡˼⣬ûгɾ˵
Ҳ֪Խǰܲһֱ


1192 ħ
ǬСڣھѾǺԺ󽫺ȥδӡѯʣûκγɾ˵˳
Ӱɳȥߵ򴳵ԭĿĵǻʼ򣬵ڻʼѾȥ֮ڣߵҲкЩʼΨһѡ
˵㣬ֻǵͷûж˵
ٴȡһָֽڣָڣвʣĵ͵ȡе񵤣ԹԺкܴİһ·ڰﾰԲæԾԲϧ͹һЩԴ
ԽǰлĻҾͲ˵ˡȽҵʵǿܰﵽԽǰʱԸǰı۰򡣡ҲûмģĽ飬ֱӾ˾Եݹָֽ
Ժ󣬻ĻᡣڣǾڴ˱ԶԹڹ˹֡
ɫǺ죬һת̤뿪
Ҳص󸽽˻
֣æˣԻЦʡ
ţѾˡԵͷ
ãǾͳûȥʾôһʱȥʲô顣
ˣЩ棬ҲóȻѯʡʶżѣҪ˵ѾģҲ̫ˡ
ڽɹͷѺ󣬼˽봫һƬɫڶ𣬰˵Ӱȫʧ
Ϫǡ
һǣΨһԣҲڵСߣҲϲΪǡ
Ϫ⣬һգԡ˳һ鴬ִ
ճеĴ󣬿ֱӴ͵ǵĿҰӿҰ֮ҪǣȻв̵·;
Ǻһ·ǰУֱһƻֺĽ֮ǰ
֣ǱϪħˡָǰĻֺ꽨˵
ھҲѾ֪߸ˣһǰ޾һģǶǽħռɱħ˺͸Өˣһħռ˳ʱ䡣
Ǵħռ˳㵽֮ܲܲ׽壬ǡ˾ԡ
ħύɱħĳɼȡӦħ֡
Ըżˣһħ
ǿһεõ֤Ǹոսħһλ¿ߣļ
˴ˣһķ䡣
үλӡӣ뽫ħң¹˵
˶½ȡԼħǰ
ûɱħҡҡͷ̯˫˵
ºı顣
ǴңԶģδħռ䡣ˣǼ˵Ļֻһ£Ƿڰ֮ϡڰ˵
ǣӭһ߸˵ħ뿪
ûñ㷵ء
үĿǰڰ񵥵λáĹӡӣҲȫǰʮ֮ڣڰϡЦ˵аʱ䣬ؾͽӦҲж仯ˡ
ؾߣ϶ħռύԼĳɼˡˣǻȽġϾֻʱ䣬ؾͿڽؾ֮ǰҲҪһЩ׼
⻰һ˵϶¶ı顣
ʵϣǲԼʮ֮ڡڱϪ֮ڣǾţÿһˣھ񾳽УʵǼǿġ
֣ħôȡһͻȻ˵
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ʲô֡СʲôҲ䣿ǿϣΪЬʸûУһ


1193 ɱ
һȻһֱѹеԹߡ
ǰҪ˼ӣԵǲöԾԶھԺʱ뿪̲סˡԹͷйܡ
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Ӱͷ­ܴȴСԼֻһ׵ĸ߶ȡһ˵ޱȡ棬һȼա˵ħϡ
ӦͨħӰһħ˹ȥ


1194 ǵķ
ৣ
ӽ֮Увϼֶһɫͷħɨ˹ȥ
һȻûжý򣬵ȴ˰˳ɡ
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Կħʬϣһαħ֮ڡ͸ħһ1֡
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ħռ䣬ħķǳ֮ࡣҲѹ֣ϱĸϪ򣬶֧Լߣħռɱħ
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ﲻУܻܿᱻħȺ
ʩչͨħȺ׷ʱҵ϶鿴ħ֡


1195 Сڳ
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ٶȣȻĲܹܡ״̬ҵ꣬Ҳ֧Сһʱ԰


1196 ǿ̬
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ЩħԶ̹͸ʹˡԴ߶ŷʱ졣
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1197 ħ
ıܲ˱һݹ֮ģѵá
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ˣԽҪύǿԿǧڴﵽ񾳽磬ѵáִǿ֮ˣǾ;Զڲˡ˵
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1198 Ծ
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үѾΪԽ˰ʱס˵
ס΢΢һ
Ȼ֪ħǰʮߣħᰲסǣûܽħǰʮΡڹ˵ҪΪ԰סһ¡
үŹԽˣûע⵽ħħԽˣĿǰħʮλЦ˵
ʲôֱΪԼ⡣
ħʮλôܣԽֻħռ˽ӽʱ䰡ֲǰ˰꣬ôܽǰʮ
һħռ촺ղˣɶħռ䣬ɱٶʱ䣬ŽǰʮġҳԼ֮⣬Ǽˣʮӡ
ȷʵģûŪԽ˵ķһǧٶ֮ࡣ¼϶˵
⡭⡭ɫ΢䣬Ŀоֿԡ
֣̫ˡǶһЩʱ䣬ܵħһ΢΢˵
ҲãħȺȽ϶ࡣ԰ڰ֡
˵ɣȴΪħȺܿɱħû㹻ʵħȺܿͷ޷ͻᱻħû
ֵסͲǹˣһ԰šԹ˵ֿԣ֣ߣȥȾơһǼˣҾͲһ
ǾֵİšԶһ˵
ܿ죬˾ħԶľ¥¥ڵߵȵһԶԶľͼ
Ƶʱ򣬾Կʵ֣֪Դû˽⣿
ڻ֪ĸףǱϪ֪ݱǿԣӦüȻҲͼʶ㡣
ԶԼıԴ£ЩĴǡ
ԴʦʹõԴžԡ
ǣʦıԴڽ߼ǲǻ壿ʵ
壿۾֣ɲҪЦ壬ɲôײġȻ˵֮УԴܲ壬һδ˵ĸʦԴܲġҸ׾ʶһЩ߼ʦҶЩ߼ʦҲ˽⡣
߼ʦӵи߼Դһδ˵ǵԴ塣˵
Ŷû仯е𶯣ȴǺǿҡ
˼ӦԴļʺܵ͡
ԺԼСڣǻʵ塣Сڵǻۣ˿ࡣ


1199 ټ
һߺƣһš
֪ͨĸ߼Դƺֻڴ˵֮С
߼ԴȻ󣬵ҲϡһҲĳ̶ȡ
ԴͨɴͨԴıԴֿͨ߼
ֻҪ㹻񾧣ͨԴ壬ҲܹõĶͨԴö˵׾õԸ߼ʦ˵ҪŪ壬Ҳ̫ѵ顣ȻѲ׽ʱ޿̣дߣ޾в׽塣
ھ֪СǱȽĴˡ
ȻԿûнܸĴ㡣ˣȻԼòҲͷεĽԼܸ߶Է
֣㲻һλʦɣһתžʵ
ʦôԵ޹Դ
Դֻʦо޴ãһǿԸһôǿʦߣͲЧʹԴ
ǺǣȷʵʦҪƵҩҿ԰æûжԼʦݡ
ǣ
֣㶼ҾԱˣΪôǿһƵҩֱ˶šŵ˵

˸ᣬóѶʯԼĸףҲǱϪѶ
ۡһ֮С
һ˵죬߸һóѶʯѶϢ
Խ񣿡һ£ǰԼ֡
꣬ħǰʮĿУһз
ԽҪؾʸǿԴ󡣶ڣ˼һǰʮˣɾͲ˵˼ǿԴˣ˼汾£Ǹʣʱ䲻࣬Ҳܴǧɱ
ԽĲ򵥰תת
ʱԽһ𣿡ظѶϢ
ǵĸףԽħȾơ˸ףԽʦݡִѶϢ
ʦ˼ͷɣʱ䣬ҡҵ뿴Խǲʲô֮
ãܿͻظ
𣿡ڵߣ΢Цһ䡣
һС¡һԽСһƺܲѶң˵Խһʦ룬ҲһԱ˴΢Ц˵
Ǻǣ˵ܲˣǿ϶ǷͬһˡȻˣϷһĲϷҲڵָһйߣ˵
Ȼ⣬ȴ൱󡣷·ܵõָ㣬ǶԷ˱ĸһ㡣
ȿ˵⺢ȻվһЩ˵
һߡ
֣Ҹһ㣬֪ܲܳһЩʱ䣿˵
㸸ףϢ
֪ĸףضǱϪĴ
š֮ǰû˵ֲҪ֡Ҹף죬ϪԾ˵
Ȼһ׼˵е֮Ȼһ¡
Ȼı
ѹ֣촺ˣΪסһ˵ĵһˡʵӰǶѳڶ֮Ტ۵Ĵڡ
λˣȻҪԼ
ûӦΪĿǰȻȷλټǻ»Ǻ¡
ԿһᣬŶ˵ټҲӣ֣·ɣ
˳˾¥ۡȥ
֮ԴӦҲǾ˼ǵġĿǰλٲǻе⡣е⣬ǿ¾Ͳ룬ɳֱӹץˡ
һ㿴һλеϵԼ˵ôҲǺ¡οԼؾǸܵλˡ
ү
ү
ۡǰĻ븮֮ۡһ·ߣʹӣ
ǰԼһʱ䣬һ֮⡣
״ˣԽˡͣǰ˵
ţɣӷڣһɤ
һɫһǰһ뷿䡣·ϣͶԾһǳˣЦԾ˵ЩҲΪþ׼ʡõʱв١
뷿ǶԸ칪ֹĶԱ߼񣬡


1200 
վƫλã۹۱Ŀбӡ
񣡡˵ͷ
͹ˣĿⶼϣתƵϡ
ףλ֮ǰԽѡ˳ƽһ䡣
ˣλǰ֮󣬾͹˼
ԽѣҲҪ۾΢УԾ˵
ȻϣԾ˵Ǻܿġ
˵˰ʱ䣬ͨɱħķʽħǰʮʵ
ǣӦ
һԵĹ棬ȴһղȻ˵Խܲδ˵ʱͽħǰʮ
Ϣ𶯲ᡣԣԹʵԽˣжֶΡ
ţԽ˵㻹ʦݣʦɲͷʡ
κһǵ͵Ǹߵ֮ڣʦĵλ⡣ڵ츳ߣ̫̫ˡʦһ㶼Ƚϴ
ȷʵʦһ˵ҪҰæơɫ˵
ԵĻ͹ˣǶһ¡Цˣ¶ϸ΢Цݡ
Խĺ⣬ġйɾֲˡһλ߼ʦž˵
仰ȻΪ˱;ԡԸղŵҲǺ⣬֪ܲ
Ǹ߼ʦҲһĸ߼ʦڱϪڣǿʦҲҪȹһ棬ǶϪǿʦ
ϪǶĸϪ֮Уǿ
е֮УҲʵǿĲĸϪ֮УϪ򣬾ʵΪǿؾڶϪ֮ڡ
һᵤʦڹǰ˵ҪæǲǹعǰˣԣŻ¶Ц顣
֣ǶĸϪ֮Уϵǿ߼ʦھ˵һ䡣
Ȼݣæ棬ԭǸ߼ʦݣˡ
Ծ˵ͷ
Խ㶼ʲôҩˣҲϹǺǣڵ΢ָһҲƺ鲻ҲͶ˵һЩ
ˣҵҲޡǫ˵Ȼǫ飬飬һûǫ˼Խ㽫ĵ˵һ˵ӲĻҵǿӡ
仰ǶԾ˵ġ
վΪӵͷȫǿϡ򣬹Ҳǲ̫ܣһӡ
ϲ֣ܰǽԺڵϣضһɳˡһԹϲԡ
Խ񣬸ϿлɣҲԾ˵
Ǵʱľԣȴü
Լ̳еǬǸ߼ʦݡȻԲΪԼһᳬ棬Ҳ١
ݹΪʦԿû뷨˵Ǽӣ洫ӣҲԴκεȤ
Եı飬Ȼ˿
ɫʱѿٿԵĿ⣬Ȼ̸񣬵Ҳ͸һ˿ϲˡ׿ŵҪԽΪӣǶԷȻɲӡ
Ϸˣ
֣ôˣ㲻֪⼸֮ڣжʦҪָһòĻᡣЩˡ
Կһۣҡҡͷ
תĿǰ֪ڵϣѾһλʦˡûʦ˼ͬ⣬ҿ²ٰݵʦ
Թװεı˵
ҲԵ޹ʵĵ棬ֱӾܾضùΡ˵ڵϵʦҲˡֻǣҪͬʦǾͲʵˣˣ䲻֪ꡣ
ǺǣȻǾ͵Ϸû˵ɡڰ֣ϵĲñԡ
Ҳ뾰˵ʲôǿԼĶ
δӶѾ׼Ϊƾϼһʱ䣬ͲҪˡϼܹƳɹԺ󣬻л̤񾳽硣ʧܣֻܽ˵ˡɫ˵
ǣ
ϼ
ֵҩ֣ɫ΢΢һϼȻ֪Ǭ֮ϣоϼĵԼֵҩؽܡ
ϼһĸ߼񵤣ǳơҪĲϣÿһֶ䰺þ΢ģǾϼĹЧĸ߼񵤡


1201 Ҳ
ѵĵ⣿
˵ĻϼƺǳҪҩʧܣֻܽǿαˣɾ׼񡣿һαˣҲ̤񾳽硣
츳ϣģһڱ֧֣򲻵ѣԲԼαˡ
ͷתתԾܴжϣĵܵˣҪþϼָܻ
ԾϼһᾡȥơȻҲұ֤һɣɵϣеġ˵
мٴʾл
ɵϣѾܴˣҲ͹ôߵϣڸߵ֮ڣ˵Լƾϼϣɵĸ߼ʦҲëǣޱ˵ʲô˻ǵǡ
ô˵¶һĨ⡣
ԣҲʵ
ϼȷʵǳƣⵤҩһ¯ֻܳɵһš
磬ϼĵв߼ʦ֪ܽϼģȴĺҵ
ڸߵ֮УҲаձȹҪߵġǵȲεĸ߼ʦѾܹˡ
ǶԹ棬ҲǸأ֮䣬ƽƽ˵ܹǿĸ߼ʦ
˵Ҫ벻Ϥĸ߼ʦ֣ģ¶ԷԼĲϡ
ϣҲֻܷڹϡ
Ϊ˴ƾϼĲϣķĴۣʱ䣬Žһݲȫ롣
һΣƾϼʧܣ죬Ҳûκΰ취ˡ
֣ĵ⣿˸϶ѯ
ǰ˵ͷҲûԵ˼ֱӾ˵ǰҳ񾳽磬ʧܣҲܵصĴˣֻоϼϣҵĵָΪǴεˣҵΪкܴ˲ȻΪָǰųңǵָܻһӣҲƾˡ
ЩȻ
һ˵ܴﵽ񾳽ͻúˣɶʵ˵̤񾳽磬Ŀյ㡣
ͺñȾԣĿ꣬ô׼
Ծ˵ⷬʱ͹ˣȴЩձɫԡĿУһ˿⡣
Խô֪ĵ⣿ڱϪ֮ڣҲûˣһ㡣ԽһңԶߣε֪
ѵ֪ϼǣôߣʦô֪ϼߵ񵤵ã
ϼ֣Ȼǽɣ֮Уһǳİ֡Ҳ͸߼ʦ˵һЩ˽⡣
֣ô֪ҵѵҲ֪ϼʱ򣬲Ȼһȵžԡ
Ϣ΢΢ᣬžԡЩɣԽǲʲôĿģӴԼĶӡˣǴ˵Ļɾͺˡ
ţ֪ϼҪЧãߵ߼񵤣;խԷ·ûоĿصɱ⣬˵
ֹȻǿʶȻϼ˵֪ЧáֵĵʦҲһλʦ̾˵
ʦڵϣȷʵǳǿ˵
ˣȻûмǬµġĵ磬ҲվĴڡ
ԵĻ泶һǣΪȻЦЦѯʾʦλ߼ʦͷûС
Խĵʦƾϼ𣿡ȴʵ
ϼϵӵδϣġԽĵʦҲƾϼôͨԽ񣬽䵤ʦҲ
ת졣
ˣʦѾܾûˣҲ֪ȥҲûа취ϵ˼ҡԲû˵ʦ뷨˵ϼҲƵġ
˵ʲôǰ䣬¶ʧ֮ɫʱϵı飬ˡ
ǿ߶𾪵Ļ֪жôﲻݣ
Ҳ㶵žԡ
ȴЦ
Ϸ򣬺ܾûЦˡ죬Ҳ۽ˣÿ׳һžԣЦ
üҲЩ


1202 
ȷʵйĸ߼ʦ
ԷΪϣҲ񾳽ǿߡˣԴӽ֮󣬶Թһֱ𾴡ˣԼǰȻЩϵ˼ˡ
ƾϼ϶иëĹϵЦʲô
Կ˹һۣջסŭ𡣱ϾĸҲΣøλӡ
Խ֪˵ʲô𣿡žԣͳʵ
Ȼţƾϼ
ҸʦƾϼαغķѾ޴ĴۣȥӶϪ
һˣɲǰװġǱϪҲҪ֧һʾ˵ķá潫ҩʧܣʷҲܼ⡣
ˣ˵ʵϼȷʵǿƵġԱ˵
ΪټϾҲǷԼһ飬ǾԸͲ˵ôࡣ
Խ񣬿ǺģǿЦԼЦ˵
˺͹ǰǰȻ⿪Цο»ϵֵĵܿЦҲŹ棬Ŀûá
ãңҾĻƾϼɵİж٣΢۾ʵ
֮ǰδƹϼԲ˵ԼоԵİաƣҲ߳ɵİա˵
Ҳʵ
ԲδƹϼԲ˵аٷְٵİաԾڵĵ˵ƾϼ߳ɵİգѾǱȽϱصĹˡ
⻹Сûн߼Դ£СѾǸ߼ԴԾԵø󡣿˵⣬ƳϼļǷǳġ
ô˵˦йʦü֡

˵Լƾϼ߳ɰյĵʦϷ򻹴δû˵գϷȷʵǴ۽ˡ岻˵һ䡣
ôԽʦ֪ɷƾϼĸֲ˵˵ЩϷʡ
ûһ˿һţԻǸ߼ʦӲţܹƾϼ߳ɵİա
˵Щ޷ǾҪ𴩾ƭӡҪվΪӱܾͶԾԺܲˬˡܲ𴩾ԣ춯ŭĻôԽˣɾͺõ߳ۡˡ
˼ǱȽϺݶġ
Ļ΢΢Щɡ
յǬУƾϼĵУĲϣȻ󲿷ͬҲֵҩǲͬġ
ôѵԽʦ֪ƾϼҪһЩ𣿡ɫ΢΢һ
գҲЩҲԽԽãԽˣҪôһƭӣҪôӽԼĶӾĿġ
Ǻǣʦ˵ˡЦЦƾϼҪػܽع
Կٽһֲϵ˵
ЩϣһҪĲϡҲ磬һĹھϼƵĵȸ߼ʦ֪ĵƾϼҪĲϣǾ˵Щ
ž˵һֲϣıٴα仯ˡ
죬ҲͬˡȻʦһֱռϼƲϣȻ˵ЩϣһֱŬռġ
Ŀ
磬ܹһڵϼҪвϣˣԲࡣҲһЩĸ߼ʦŻ֪ô
ܹ˿׼ȷ˵Щϣ˵Ծ㲻ƾϼҲ֪ϼĵ
磬֪ϼߣĲ̫ࡣ
Щɵˣԭ˻ᣬ𴩾һƭӵġڿһҲˡ
ЩСƴˣʧˡ濴žԣתͷ
λԽʦƾϼڣֻԼˣƾϼλԽʦƾϼƣֻɰաλԽʦȴԳ߳ɵİաôѡȫ潫תƵϡ
첢δ̫ã˾
λԽʦȥϢɣһһЩ飬顣˵
仰һ˵Ծ֪λˣȻǲԼ
ҡҡͷҲûٶ˵Ȼ˼ҲԼҲ˰ɡλ棬ãƳϼҲ˵
֣ʱסˡߣҴȥסԾ˵
ˣԵͷ
ǣͬһ뿪


1203 ʧ
ۡÿͷкܶġ
ÿȻ١׼㹻ĿͷѵҪÿȥѰס
ԶסûʲôرҪ˵Ҳסȵؾͻ뿪
֣˵ԼƾϼȻ𾪣㡣ڷڣϿҵԾ˵
ԾǸ߼ʦݣԿ˵ʱǱסˡ̫ķܸӦԴ֪ͣԵͲһǧꡣһǧ겻ͳΪ߼ʦ⵱Ȼˡ
ǣȷʵҲžԣþſڿӡȻʶãԾԴĵΡ
֮󣬹죬ˡǰδ˵һǧڵĸ߼ʦҲ;ûš
Կ۾·ܿ
ĻþԻǺܸмġԼ֮ǰ˵Щûκˡ
ЦЦصͷ
ֻҸЦ̾ϢһҡҡͷʶԿܸԸŹɡ֣ϣ㲻Ҫ롣
û£ĺܿ˵һμңƾϼҲļ
š֣ǰؾ֮ǰʱ䣬ͰסʲôҪֱҡ룬ҲһأǾͻˡ׻Դʮˡת˵
һأüħǱߣ˵죬ֹͣħ¼𣿡
ǣħǱġʱǰؾҪȶϪǱߵϢϾؾ˼ҵ֮ڡЦ
ԭˣ졣
֮
Σ
ӷ¶ڴɫѯʡ
֮ǰƾϼĲϣ˹档棬Ҳ̿ʼӹÿնע⵽ڷĶ
ܰҩʧˡҡҡͷ˵УЩ
ʵвû̫ǸΡϾ֮ǰ˵úˣƾϼҲɵİճɹ߳ɣʧܡ
ֻһݾϼĲϣʧܵȻṩݲϣȫʧܣǲĻ
Ļһĳ˹ȵסȻʧܵ׼ڣϣҲ֮Ȼ﷢
ʧˣվʧˡ
ķԴķʱ䣬òײŴһݲϣջʧˡ
ҵĶӣעֻܳΪ׼ˡĿʣˣһжжǿ󲻵á
վһԼʵҪο
û£㲻õġ׼Ҳ֮Уɾ׼֮λҲĪˡڰ֣ҽϢ
콫˹Ϣ֪
ЦвʣҲ޿κΡ
Ӹ뿪վԺУá
ֺȾȥգҪһ˵һ󣬴̤žԾסĿͷȥ
ʱ䣬Ҳûš
СڣҲڽһһЩ󣬽˰˼߼˼Сڲûٴ˯˼СڣǿࡣСȥħռ䣬ɱħٶȣ϶Ҫ߼ʱöࡣ
֣ڷڱĿ洫
֣뿪䣬˹֡
֣ߣȥȾơžԣҪߡ
ţüͷ壬ܸоľ񲻶ԣƺή࣬ɫЩ㲣֣ʲôˣ
Ҳûʲôǲǰˣϼʧܡ˵ˣδؾҾͽ˵α̤׼񾳽硣Ǻǣ׼ҵʵɾܶˡʱӦһϸߵˡ
Ūα˲̫ѵ顣
αˣ
ǳ׼һɾߵͷˡü˵
Ҳûа취顣ҸȻǱϪվǴߡΪ׼һݾϼĲϣҸ׺ķĴۡЦ˵ˣ˵Щķ顣֣һҪȸʹ죬飡
֣ȵһȣվԭأûб߳ȥ
ţԡ
֣ټһˣЩҪ˵һΡ˵
УʹȥȼҸ׺ȥȾơӦ
˿첽߳סıԺȥ


1204 
췿֮⡣
ףԽҪ㣡
ɣ洫
Ŵ򿪣뷿䡣
ˣԹ
Խʦк£쵭˾һۡ
ˣղָ˵û˳ƳϼαˡԵͷ
ǰͷϼ̫ˣ֮ǰ˵úֻɵİաʧܣҲ⣬ʦѾˡûоϼĵͲָܻ޷ˡ
еΡھԵɫҲȻ
Ȼʧˣˣβһԣɫ
ţһ
ЩЦеڶݲϣҲԽԡĿܣȻùʦơ
Խʲô˼ȡЦԼûƾϼ
Ŀ⣬ٴ
ûеڶݲˡڰ֣ƺ뾰Զ˵ڵĶþԺ˳ȥ˼
ˣҰѻ˵ꡣԼӿ٣ƾϼĲϣ߼ʦҪҵģǱ˰ݣ˰֮ĲϣȻҲǳ󣬵˵ҪҵҲʲô¡
ô˵쵹Щ
羰˵ھϼҪĲУȷʵ˰Ϊ֮ǰһʱ䣬ϣд󲿷ֵʱ䣬˷ڱ˰֮ϡϣеǴ󶼻ʣ࣬˰ʵΪ
˰磬ûСݣֻڽ֮вѰǽ磬֮εĴߣȥһΣգҪ˵񾳽ˡ
˵ñ˰ݣȻҲԭġ
Ǭصĵڶ֮УͲҪ˰ݣһֽо軨ݴ档Ȼ˵þ軨˰þϼѶһЩһϼƳҩЧ˿ñ˰Ƶľϼ
Ҫǣ軨Ҫȱ˰öࡣ
ԽʦⷬǺ⣿ı飬Ҳ
ҵ˼˵ҲҪ˰Ҳƾϼƾϼķֻһ֡ҪĲϣ˼ûУҲڶʱҵ룬ȻѾʧܣ˺βһԣ˵
žԣһᶼû˵
ʱĿؿúȻʱǿҡ
ԭѾ˼ٶϣ
򲻵ʵûа취ˣôģȥαˣ
ûп˵ֻվŸ컹оˡ
ԽʦҪãٴοڡ
ʵϣʱȻžԡ¹ϵӵδһĿԣ޶ԡ
ãͲҪˡȻʶʱ䲻㳤ãУҵѡѣҲӦõġҡҡͷ˵
֪Ϊ֣Ϊ߰ķáǣԴһʼûȡκηá
Ƿ飬˷ãɾʹۿˡԣΪһЩ񾧣һۿۡ˵Ҳȷʵѡ
ãõ飬Ȳ̸
ԽʦƳϼݶ飬Իס˾ԽʦҪһЩϣ
ҪԽԼҪĲϣϸ˵һ顣ÿһֲҪҲú
꾰ԵĻ̾վ
ԽʦҪЩϣָֽھСûеģۡУӦҲҵ˵Ծ˵ĲϣһЩӡ
ȻЩ϶󣬵һеĻܣǷǳġ
콫еľҪĲϣóԡ˵ۡ⣬Ѱʣļֲϡ
ԼʱлһЩϣӱ˹죬ȫ˾ԡвϣȫ
²˳٣ˣھͿʼƾϼȷв϶ûҲǡ֮󣬶˵
Ǿ鷳Խʦˡͷ
˵һתȥһΣ죬͵֮⡣
ԻصԼķ䣬ù󷨺󣬱̽ǬС硣
Сڣˣ׼һܲϼɾͿıˡԶڵİ˼ԴС


1205 
ھԻºСڵԴӾԵֱϿð˳
ˣͷİɣƼ¯гɹʱ򡣡Сת˵
ɫһڣһɿ˹ȥ
ϼȷʵƵĸߵ֮һǾԣҪƳһ¯ϼҲҪһܵʱ䡣


УվԸոսĹ湰˹֡
߶ŶգҲøˡ湰ֺ󣬶˵
ʧˣ߰ҲȡˣҲûʲô˼ȷʵʱصϪȥˡ
βסһЩʱգм£һЩħϵСһǰؾʱǿһ˵
⡭ֻ̫ˡ浹Ｘµʱ䡣
дǿ˷ǳܵġ׳԰׺ȣҲ
ˣһ붼벻㣬̸ֺأ΢Ц
ˣǾ͹ٺһЦ
ˣ⺢⼸ôˣ˼Ұ׳԰׺ȣһ˼ҺӣҲӦõġ
ӵΪǿûʲô⡣ǸԽʦΪƾϼ
ʲô
ԽΪƾϼ㲻ڿЦɣɫ΢΢һ䣬Щ̫ÿ
죬ȻǸԽƾϼȻƺûеڶݾϼĲˣԽƾϼ
ǸԽǸ߼ʦҲûвϵ£ƾƾϼɣ
ˣ¶ɻɫ
ԽʦԳƣƾϼҪ˰Ҳ֪ĲϣһҵģΨ˰ʵ̫ϡˡԽʦҪ˰ƾϼҲһԡ˵
ִЦ
üʱ򣬹ҲǹңСĵˡ
˼ǣ˫ü濴Ź档
²ⲻС϶װԼƾϼʵǽЩޱȵĲϣ˽̵һЩʱСӳͻ˵ʧܡʱҲĪκΣֻܽʵƶı顣
Խĵӣɫ
ʵϣҲ뵽ֿԣҲȷǸԽƭȡԴΪβȡãƾϼķãҲһʾ޴֡
ǲţʱ֪СۡڣҲϢߡĵӣңҲǵȼµʱˡ
Ĭ
һգǬС֮ڡ
ԵĿ⣬ǰǬ¯
һ¯ϼѾҲؼһҲȹ̽׶Ρ
ˣһ˳ĿǰΪֹ¯ڵĵҩû쳣СǬ¯ڣԴͷ
Ҫ⡣¯ҩʧܣǵӿܾͲùˡԶ˵
ҩʧܣ̫˶Լɱ֡ǶԼĹ۸У϶ή͵㣬Լƭӡʱǰؾ£֪᲻ʲô⡣
˷ģС֪ءСӵ¯ڴ
ֹһ졣
Сڴӵ¯ڣصԵڡСڵ˼ҩӦûʲô⡣ǣ󽫵ҩȡȻȫġ
һᣬŽǬ¯򿪡תһȭͷɫʰ쵵ĵҩӵ¯ڷ˳ԣĿתĿŵҩ
ʱһĹȥ

ԣĺһ
ɹˣϼƳɹˣϲھг⿪
ȻŵҩƳԼʹõģǣҲԵĸеˡ
ɫʰ쵵ľϼͬǸƷʵĵҩŵҩĴˣӦкܴȫָ
ϲˣϲˣСһðԴ
۾СһۣûСڣԽԽˡ
ҿʼƾϼӦòŹȥ߰ʱ䡣ϳȥƺЩס룬ڵһЩʱɣȻһܵʱ䣬Ƴϼ̫һ㡣
ԽϼС뵽һƿ֮ڣϥ
ֹʮʱ䣬ԲŴǬС򿪷ţ첽˳ȥ
Եķ֮⣬ۡĻԣ΢΢񣬶
Խˣȥ֪ͨˡ󣬶Ծ˵
õģ鷳ˡԿ˵
ΪܿͽԴӷڳϢ棬ҲĻһĿо
⻹һµʱ䣬Сûʲôİ΢˫ĿЦڵ


1206 
ƾϼһµʱͳˡ˵ЩЦСҲӦĵϼ³ٸʧˡһЩų̶ȡ潫쿴Լֽ˵һ䡣
ʮֿ϶ԽһƭӡȻһûб˰ľϼϼֵˮųɣЩϣÿһֵֶǡһƱҲͷˡ
ʱһҲȵס֮ǰٻһ˿ϣڣԽʦһ²ͳأôƳϼ
ȥԽʦɡܲԻԸ
ǣӦתȥ
ܿ죬ԾŻ䡣
ԿҲڣ񲻽һ¡ڵգԸоЩѹ֡
ˣǰԹֱ֣
Խʦ񡣡˵
ڹ棬ȫһû˵ӣԾԵļûκεıʾͷĶûС
̬ЦһҲö˵ʲô
Խʦ֮ǰ˵ҪƾϼĪǵڣδʼ𣿡ƽʵ
ϴμ浽ڣȥŶʮӡԽƾϼҪһ׼ǵҲ
ȴҡͷ
ϼѾˡ˵
ŶѾƣʮƽĪʧ˲ɣǵãԽ˵ƾϼ߳ɵİաôİգȴڶʮʱʧܣƺ˵ȥ˵
濴ԣҲԽԽ˳ۣ羰Կһ
Ļ˫üһ
һݲϣҲȫˡû˵˵ԽԺ飬һҪһ㡣һƢˣʧܣҲỳĶ㱨һΣһƢôõģΣˡҪþã͵ý˰
һ׻׻̻̬
ⷬҲģв嶤ӣȻ춯ŭ֮⣬˵úƺƭ𣿲˵ɵ
˭ˣƶ᲻
Լƾϼƺûɹɣз⣬˵Ҳ͸һɺ⡣
ϼһƤҲģԼʧܣ˵һòƹûʵĻ֪ˣΪɳɹء
СӣĪϷȣϢһŭĺȵ
ǲȡһµŪˡҺ߹ƾϼʧˣЦ
ߣûʧѵƳɹˣ˰ûУʶľͺȵ
֪һ仰û˵仰ˣ㲻֪飬ܻкܶࡣҾͿԸ㣬ƾϼһҪʹñ˰Цһ˵
Сӡֻһܡ
öϪĵһʦ˵ǳڻǱһìͷСӺǳ⡣ǰֻѾɱˡ
ݵĶžԣҪŭͼͳһƿȻֹ
ʲôСóһƿʲôǵҩʲôҩ
涢žԡ
죬ͬĿžԡԽ˼˵ƾϼɹˡǿóһƿ࣬Ҳ͵һ¡
֮ǰѾʧȥϣڣƺѾϣٶ˳
ˣ棬һҸոƳľϼԽƿ͵ǰ
ʶĽ˹ȥЩľȻĴƿһɫʰ쵵һŵҩƿڻ˳
ŵҩͫȻһϢôء
ŵҩӱ濴ȥ봫еľϼȫһǿʲôġ
⡭¶ŵĿ⡣
ⲻܣԲܣûб˰ôƳϼ˵֮УһʦڶʮʱƳϼɫǺ죬۾ˡ
ŵҩҿСһüٵƭ㣬ıɰϷ漱ٵ˵
˵侲һ¡
Ļʱһ¡Ƭ̺󣬵侲˲١
Ȼ뿴ŵҩԽʦÿ쿴ʡ
ҩѾˣǡν˵
콫ҩСĵĵݸ棬ĶԿȻȷҩ٣Ƕŵҩǳ⡣
ٴκݺݵĵ˾һۣнӹҩҲϸı
ܳΪϱĸϪϵĵһ߼ʦҲ˵ĵǺǿġ


1207 СС
ڵı飬ŶԾƵľϼϡ֤ɫԽԽأ嶼
ƾϼһ¯ɵļҲɡԾϼϣаյġΪаգԴʱ顣
еŵҩҲʵĵطŵҩǸƷʾϼǣôܣ
ԽĵʦôܹƳϼûʹñ˰ǰ¡˰Ǿϼ֮һȱϣҩΪܱƳ
ʱĹ棬мֱһΪʲôҪʣȴ޷ʳ
ŵҩöûзӦеĸһоԼҪˡûٵŵҩͷͷҲֻǳֶݵ˲䡣ˣ϶Ź
ңҲûлٵŵҩһֱڶ˽ľ룬ֻҪжضֹ֮أĵΪȻ񾳽磬սʮǧôࡣ
Σþöû˵̲סһ䡣
ʵϣʱȻû½ۣѾԽԽžƵľϼġ
Ǽٵǹ治ٳٲ˵ӹɫϣҲܿһЩߡ
ѯʣŻع˷·һӱøӲࡣ
ҩ̵Ļ졣·ŵҩ֮ء
ŵҩҿ⣬Ӧ浤һһ˵ʵڲϵҩġ
Ʒ¸вм˵ٻʱ˵ٻ϶ûʲôá첻Ϊ˵Ǽٵ϶ŵҩǼٵʱضñϪĸ߼ʦŵҩ
˵ٻֻʯͷԼĽš
ĻĿжȻȾ⡣
浤浤
޴ϲ֮飬ȫռԺ
ֻһӣҲ츳ߡǲ⣬ϵĳɾͣӦܴﵽԼĳ̶ȡԣһֱǼġ
ӵĵ޷ˣôܲƣ
ڣ˾ϼӵĵкܴϣȫָˡҲ˵ӽٴλ˵Ļᡣ
ӹнӹҩһʱ䶼Աʾл
ʱĹ棬ȴձ
ôᣡôģ
˿Ͳôһ߼ʦ˵ԼһʦĵʦڵϵҪˣ濴ԵѾȫˡ
ȻϼѾƳҲʹ˸ˡûˣ޲õȥ
׶ˡƶΪƭӵˣȻƳϼȥ
͹ȥޱȵĻ䡣
زأԼ߾ͺá֡
Ҳãûм֣ˣ͹뿪
Щ͵Ӱ뿪䡣
ǰ϶ὫͳԼĸۡʾءڣľѾ˱仯
Լǰһȹ滹Ҫöĸ߼ʦԼȻûбҪȥͽˡ
Խ֣뾰¡
ڶĸϪ֮УǰʸˣȷʵҲࡣ뾰ͬѾǾԷƽƽλϡþĵطɲλãǸղŹλ
Թ֣Ҳûƴǣǰ
Խ֮ǰҶе㲻Ҫ֡Ͽҵ˵
ԾԣȻʼղδֳɫ̬ȣҪ˵ûǾˡ
˵ЩҲûκμֵ˼Ҫ֣ҾͲžϼҡҡͷ˵
ԵĻԾԣΪ
ʱԾԣѾûκν䱸˼ܹƳϼĸ߼ʦԼ˵ĽӽĿģǾ̫ˡ
˼תתֿ֮˵ԽȷҪؾ
ǣԵͷ
ؾһûʲôΣյؾǣؾߣԽȴòÿؾŶкܶࡣ
Ҳûʲôö͸Խսף͵һСС⣬Խȡһ˸źڹļ£͵ǰ
ԸܵϵϢɫ
ԺԸо£Էͬһ㣬Ǹ߼ܱȡ


1208 ս
鱦
ݺݳһ£ĿǰΪֹԻδõ鱦
ϼǸߵȹʹõĻͬǸߵȲεķ
޾лɱһ֮󣬵õצȻܱȸߵҪǿᣬǲδﵽ鱦ĲΣǽڸߵͺ鱦֮䡣
͹ڹ⻤ףоӦǺ鱦ıĺöһǿһӶŪһ
⡭̫˰ɣЩɡ
Ȼõս׵ıǲǾͱˣ
һ鱦ĵȣ˵Խ˰ûʹáǱ˰ļֵԶԶ鱦ˡ첻˵ԽҪ£Ѱ
Ҿ͹ˣ˳ƽӹսס
ͷųܿͽսһľոյõսףҪ̵ʱ䡣Եܱ꣬ͨҪǿһЩһ鱦ʲô¡
ô˲սףüͷһĵԽȻͬѰܹڰʱħ񣬾ûԭġֻԽֶΣĻҪ࣡
ԽҼ򵥵ĸ˵һ²ս׵ٴο˵սףһߵȷʮиָֻҪһͷܼγһˮ
ˮϲսƷȫܹסͨ湥˵վŲͨ񹥻ʱڶƲս׵ķԽܲս׵
ԣҲԽԽϲ
սףԼĴ壬ֶͨΣԺԼıɾˡ
ˣָлϲ̵ĵл
ףңʱ洫
֤ϼ֮˽й
˵
ţʹ˽һʱסˡ
Ϊ֣ȻԼĸһ
ô£
ֲڰԼƾϼôôͳˣڸ׵ߣ׵λáҪ֪ͨԼǰҲֻ׵λãͲƽƽΪЩͨûʸ
ͱǹ棬ҪǸ߼ʦݣͬûʸ븸һ
֣ԼվЦŴк
֣㡭ʶĿڡ
ԺҪԽǳ
һ㶡
ˣѣƺı䡣Цҡͷ˵
ЦЦ˵ҲãҾͲˣֻҪԽ־ͺá
Խѣ쵱ȻϲúܡҲԼӵļ
⡭⡭ȫ֪ô¡
ŵҩԽѾ˳ĵϣָˡóϼ˵ͬʱʢŵҩƿ͵ǰ
Ǿϼ
ȻǾϼϽлԽһ֡
֣һʣǶ֮䣬ôס԰ڰ֣˵лĻ֮ǰȿ˵
ˣҲûٶ˵ʲô
ͻȥչأþϼ޸ɣֶ˵
΢΢üˣ޸Ҫܳʱ䡣ؾǷþϼչأǽؾɾҪˡ
ؾĻᣬѵõġ޸ؾͲʲôˡҡҡͷ˵
ҲЩȲΪ˵һ죬Ѿʱ䡣˾ϼҲٵȥˡ
Ը֮뿪˷䡣
Ƭ̣Ҳǡ죬þԵųϢ
ʱ䣬ֹĸ¡
һգ˽˹߾ԣӶϪϢǿԳˡ
Ը죬һͬǰħ
ʱħǰʮߣȫѾۼħΪչ޸ճһҲ˳λƣԭʮһλߣ˵õ
ף
˭ɲӣ
ʶûӡȻһģأ
ǲԽ𣿡촺Ҳ˲ʶԣǼɶʶԡ
һһģеĶʼɣʱҰһȼ
͸ӨλӣҲھԵϡ


1209 ҿûȤ
ħĸ˿ӭǰһЩ򵥵
Ȼ׼׵ǾһԱ˵
ħߵˣҲڼ֮ǰ֪ǰؾǸˣ漴һȷû⡣
ҲȻȺ֮С
Խ񣿡
֮ǰͻȻħϵļһ
һǱϪǰôû˵ˣ
ٵĿ⣬ۼھԵϡЩˣڱϪһţƵ֮ӣ˱󣬶кܴϢΪͨ
֣
ϴһֱ࣬

촺ˣһ⣬Ҳ뾰ЦŴкԣȻ΢ЦӦ
ֿ֪ΪͻȻȥؾˣһʾԡ
һģ˵ס֪ۡؾԭġ
ֱչˣԲòǰؾԼ򵥵ĻӦһ䡣
촺ˣȻиԵ˼ûٶʲô
ʮˣ͸ǵǿҰ󣬴͵޾ա
ִճкȡһۣ˵ۣǰϪ
ϱϪȻǰһ򡣵Ϊħռ֣ϪֳĸеҪһһ򣬾ֻͨǰˡ
һۣռ̻Сܶࡣ̶̳ȣȴضáȻԵʮȽ߼ԼһЩԱռǷǳĿÿ˶һӴķ
ۣӱϪ򵽶Ϫ򣬲ԶҲһʱ伴ɵִ
ϣһ
ԵˣƽʱڴƽʳΪ·ϣֻҪһʱ䣬Բˣʱȥչء
ԴۿʼУÿʱỵ̈ʮ߾ۼ
Ҫ˵ʮ֮УܻӭģǷǺ͸ӨλӡʮУһ룬λΪġ
û취͸Өˣʵ̫ˡ
ڶϱĸϪУһʮϣһֻʮˡ˼壬֪ĸϪ֮УֻǰʮŮӣܵ񵥡塢Өλӣʮϵ
Ҫ񵥣ҪòҪǿʵ
ӨЩճߣʼձ̬ȡ壬ȴöࡣ飬ȴûЩʲôܵľٶ
ǸӨǺ壬ȻߵŮӣеߣʵڲࡣħǰʮߣͬˡ
촺ˣʱ䣬Ҳۼ֮С
˵Խ񣬻᲻˵˽ӣڼ͵ߵļ˵˸
ǣΪζôãֱõۺ졣ڽ˵һ䡣
˵ģпܣˣԴȥħЩУ˭٣˵ӣֻ¾Ƕ֣Ҳ⡣촺ΪȻĵͷ
ߣǲ˽ӣԿ϶ʮ׽ĹϵôлȥؾһƲ첻м˵
Խǽħڰϣʮߣղ˵ħǰʮȻǰؾ
ԸոյħʱʮλʱһЩ߶һ˼֣ԵΣȥһλʮʮλ
ղѵΪԽƾԼıµħģʱ䣬ܵħҪ˵ûè壬ţһ˵
ֵ˼˵˰Сղüͷͣ˵ĹĸϪģԽ񿪺ţ
ȷʵһҵȻɡֿûиһǰϪ򡣡һ·ϤһС
⡭ѵˣԽֵԽȥֲȥ촺˿
ȻôͣȷʵԽŪħӰ˵ĻᣬԱ֡һ˵
һ룬ܻ
Ө㣬λԽ񣬿Ƕ˼ŶڸӨ˵ע⵽Խ񾭳ĴӨءԽҲĲźᣬòҲ㡣ܽħʵȻö˵
Ө˺һۣǿˣԿ֡ŪϲȡˣҿûʲôȤ


1210 С
䣬мһչֵ쾡£
ӨĻɫ˺졣
ӨɲҪҾ˵˵ôſ׷Ө㣬һ£
񣬲£Ө˵

Խˣ
촺۽ƲԽ˴˵һ䡣
촺ˣȻ߹
Ǽ򵥵ĺѡ
ЩܻӭȻ⼸˳һ֮⣬˶Լġ
ԻܸоСȺ壬̫ӭԼֻֿǱϵģȴǾǧ֮˼
ƲƲ죬Ȼ˼ҲӭԼԼҲûҪȥƨɡҡҡͷҲԼ˸λ£ҪһЩˮʳԺ
ǰϪ;еһʱ䣬ҲȥչֶʱҲøһЩɵʱ䡣
촺˶ԾԾԶ֮Ҫ˵ЩˡһˣҲֵڡ
һʱܿ͹ȥ˳ִۣﶫϪճС
ϪͰ˽Ӵ
ȥϪߣˣҪ۴Ӹ
һ·Ҳû飬죬Եڴ͵ϪĽӽ֮󣬾ȫؾ֮⡣
һӴԺ䣬˶ʱס
֮ϱϪϪԱҲȺڶϪߣھԵ֮ǰ͵޴Ժ䡣ǵ
һ죬˶ԵʮϪߣ죬һƽ̨֮ϡƽ̨ĺ󷽣һɫС¥ôߡͨ˽⣬Ҳ֪۵С˷ؾ
ԱϪǸߵʱؾѾڣ˵Զ
ҪؾߣһжʮˡУϪռһˣ򣬸ռʮ˵
Ϫռݵ࣬ΪϪ֮УʵΪǿģҲֻǿһǰ㡣ټϣؾڶϪ֮ڡ㲻Ҳʵʵš
òһӣһк
֪ӣǶϪ
֮ǰסԺʱ͵ԣ뾰ԽһЩˡȻص֮ڡ
Ϫ档
컹
ͦõġЦŴһ
ܿ죬Ҳ뵽˺֮С
ԼʱͻȻѹѹ֣˵ʱˣСǣ׼ˡ
˵ţǰ߳˼ʮȴؾߡ
λĵѡ濪ڡ
ٶһ̸ߣĿ⿴档
ؾҼ˵һ¹򡣡Ŀɨȫ
綼˽⣬ؾʯǽؾѰʯҵ֮󣬽ҵʯƷʣԻӦ֣ܹһҪԴ滺˵š
֮ǰҲ֪ؾڳʯʯƷʣǵɫʯһɫʯõɫʯʯǶ鱦Ҫʯ
֮Уʯĳطǳϡ٣ֵȻǼߡ
ؾҵ㹻ʯ϶ܶһ鱦Ķָ߼񵤣ڻ¡ҲΪʲôߣԴҪؾҪԭ
ڣؾƾ֤ǡ
Ҫסؾ֮ڣǲֻ֧ɱȡԷʯҲǻɱȡԷʯƾ֤֮ϣжͷؾڣоܵܵв̼ͷͿ԰Ȼ뿪ؾص档
ȻһͳٴνؾξȫԼˡ
Ļ֮ǰһɫճ֡΢΢һɫƻΪ⣬ֱԵȶʮߡɫƣǽؾƾ֤ûⶫǼؾҲǲܽ롣
ںɫϣжͷ
õɫƣдһ£
˵Ѿ˵ˣؾڼ򿪣׼ɣһ֣˷ԡ
ʱ򣬾ԿߵٶߣȴǿٵһСһСۼеĸˣе߰˸ˡ̶̼ʱ䣬еߣγһС塣
ӣ


1211 
ЩС壬εЦЦ
ҲΪôҪӽؾղţѾ˵ˣؾ֮ǿԻɱҵʯ£ɵ߿϶ҪԿ
һжؾ˼һȺʱ˼ʯֻܼ󷨳·һ
Ȼʱһ˵ģǾһ
ȫҲôˣûм뵽ЩС֮еġ
Կ˿ԼһǼˣٴҡҡͷ⼸ˣȻĸ֮ţڸħһڶļһ
ЩʵǿԼҲԸӽؾ
Ǹļһ˭úܣȻӣ
Ҳûˡ԰һ˲̩̩ǸµģµļһԼôţ

ûмСߣÿһ˲Ŀ⡣ԵϣȻҲв˹עǿò󣬱㶼ˡ
Ǽˣ׹Ĵڡ㲻ǱߣҲû˹ˣҲӰ񡣿ǶԾԣȴȫûκε˽⡣
֣㲻𣿡
û߹˼ž˵
촺ղԼӨˣҲһС塣
룬ʶĿҪҪȥ
Ҿͳȥһ˵
С֮УһǹϵʵǿˣڱħϣҲǳ֮ߵģպǵڶʮ
һѣǲǡ촺˿һ
촺ҲЩ˼һ˶¡
˵ˣûҡҲǿ󡣡һ˼ûκأԲž׸
Ծ׸ҪɾԣǸӨڡһԸӨܾˡ
һô˾Ͳٶ˵ˡǱϾʶˣ໥֮ҲȽĬԶ˵վһˡӨȫûпΪ˵˼Ŀⶼû࿴һۡˣһԼɵˡ
ǺǣλعⲻȥһˣҲͦáЦ˵һ䣬лλĺˡ
Զź塢촺˹֡
֣ԼҪСģһΣգͼͷ촺ǸЦЦ˵
촺Ҳ¡ƾ˼ҵı£ħҲᰲȻɣһڿ˵
˵ħǶħһļһħҲţ˵ıԶΡԶ˵˵ġԶһЩߣв֡
ԶΣѾǵһνؾ˵Ϳ˳񾳽磬ȴһֱѹšûгΪԶҲһֹͨǴν֣Զα׷ɱԶ׷ɱǸͨ
ʱһսսҹͨѡ·
ԶҲһĺˣһνؾе߾ͳʮ
Ҫ֪ؾ߱ʵͺǿдͷ£ԶζնɱʮˣɼɱǼǱһɱġ
ĺħţɲǰġ
ˣʱһɫĹؾС֮ϳ
룡Ź뵽ڳÿһ˵Ķ֮ڡ
ಣ
һӰźɫСȥڿСʮ׵ʱЩӰȫƾʧ
ԽҪСġΣգǧҪԥ̼ͷ촫˵
¾ؾ֮Уһܹƾϼĸ߼ʦ
ģһСġԻһ䡣
ٶ߽ʱ򣬾Ҳ߶ؾС˹ȥ
ܿ죬ʮߣȫؾţؾС治Զ뵳һǽڡ
ǽϣʮɫС㡣ÿһɫС㣬һؾߡ
Ǻǣʱ䣬ܿͻȥλǰϹأǾ£˿Ц˵
ԣ
ţǰĹذ졣
ˣûؾߣʱ䡣
ؾʮߣڸսʱҲͬһط
Щˣû̾ɢеĿ⣬ǸԶΡƺԶû֮ǰ˶ߡ
Բ²⣬ЩԼߣԶεע⡣ԶοɱħԲ̣ŪԶһˣͻΪɱħĹĿꡣ
ߣԶĿɨˣһһȥ


1212 ӶῪʼ
Եһ
Զαֳ̬˵񡣵ǣڳٶߣûһҿԶ뿪֮Ҳû˱ԶεĲ
ʵ
ֻҪ㹻ʵȭͷԵķͻȻȻʧ
ԶߺϵĵһǿߣҲ½뿪ĵһ̩еĶһ˶ߺ󣬲ֵʣµС塣
ԵûżȻؾǿͣµʱ䣬Ҳһʱ
֣ǸǾһˣ촺Ծ˵
⣡ԻӦ˵
һ촺Ҳ̸ȥ֮ǰԾǸ˵ͷǸӨӣʼûһۡ
Խؾǻȥ֣ô˵أ֮У촺̾Ϣһ
ʲôϵһ֮Աǡ
ֶԽʲô̬ȣҲˡԽֿ϶᲻ˡ˵ΪżԽ񡣡촺ҡҡͷ
ʵϣС壬Ҳȷʵżԡ
ʲô˵˵ǡһϾ
ǻץʱѰʯɣӨü
Ө˵öԣӦýѰʯϡڣǷֿҲҪ̫Զڱֱ֤ĻϣǵΧһֺõĶԸӨЦЦȻ˵

ȫ߹⣬ԲƵѰһС
ؾĿռ䣬Ǻܴġʮ߷ֲУͲʲô
ԵǿߣǵķΧҲܹȡ
ʱ֮󣬾ԾͷһöʯһöɫʯԼȭͷСɫĹתǳƯ
ŨԪأҲ̲ס̾ʯ̺Ԫ֮Ũ
ܹ鱦ĿʯȻͬһ㡣Ʒĵɫʯ̺˶ԪأƷõɫʯǻˣ
ʯɫʯɻһ֡ɫʯɻ֡ɫʯɻöʮ֡ɴ˿ɼƷʵʯ֮䣬жô޴Ĳࡣ
Ӧʯ̺ǿԪغ󣬾һϼֶϼܿöɫʯ̺Ԫء֮вٵ
ڵĲϼǸߵȹΡܶһЩʯԪأɽ鱦ĲΡ
ǰԶԺ鱦˽ⲢУɴ͸һս֮Ժ鱦ɾĶˡ鱦Яþ˼ȡ
Ѿս򣬲սϣЯˮϼҲ鱦Σ˵Ϳþӵеٶһ֣ﵽ
ֻĿǰȷϼ᲻Я˵Ƴߣһﵽ鱦ΣЯǲ̫
ɫʯʧھк󣬾Լʯ
ʱһȥƽһ죬ԶҵöɫʯЩʯûµ˼ֻҪҵòϼա
ڽؾĵڰ죬ϲķһöɫʯöɫʯöɫʯڰջþԱȽϼ
þЩ˷ܵǣϼɫʯ̺Ԫ֮󣬾ܸоϼ鱦Ѿܽռöɫʯòϼﵽ鱦ĲΡ
ܿ죬һʱת˲
ʱҲߡ˫֮ûзֱӵĳͻ
ǾˣɵԵʵǣ˽ؾʱ仹һǴһԺƽ̬ϡ
ЩҪɱӶߣڽؾĳڣӡǣҪȵߣѰʯ֮вŻᶯ֣ŻӶᵽʯ
ڱ˸ոսؾͶֻɱǼɹɱܴӶԷϻκεʯ
ɱԵħڵһʱڣûжʹɱ֡
ʱڶ֮Է仯ˡ
ؾ档
һˡĻѾʧʮ㡣ʮߣжʮ˼˴ͷ뿪ؾµˣ档һλĿɨĻϵĺ㣬ҡҡͷ˵
Ÿոտʼʱ䣬ֻӲпᡣǶǸħҲҪɱˡ˵


1213 һս
ĻЦЦ
ԶߣԶʵǿȻҲй⡣Զؾɱˣ沢޾òס
ÿһؾߣ϶жͷҲ˵Ǽ߽ܵӣҲлѳ
ԶӶߵʯġԶεõʯύȻҲж߲ԴϾǷˮܱȱ߽ԴһҪõöࡣ
һνؾԶξѾ޵ˡһΣԶεʵ϶һؾʱҪǿ˭ܵסԶأֻϣЩԶεߣԶξӦ̼ͷЩ̾Ϣ˵
Զʵȷʵǿɱһ㡣ҡҡͷ˵
һֱЦ
ڼ仰ĹĻǽϣһɫʧɫʧȴûߴؾڱͳȻɫߣؾ֮С
ؾ֮ڡ
Կй⻪ѤõĲϼϲɫ
ϼڴӸߵΪ鱦һ͵ĺ鱦
ھԻܽϼȫӳԻҪһĵϼڲơ
ϼǸߵʱڲռֻ񻷡ڣϼڲ߸֮ࡣ
ֻҪƵãǲϼֲܱܡ
Ҳ֪ϼʲô͵ġҡҡͷ
Ҫʽ⿪ֻܵ뿪ؾ˵ˡڣԿûʱĵƣܶ
ԼѰʯ
ϼȻﵽ˺鱦ΣȻԼʯȻ޴󣬾ȻҪѰҸʯ
ţ
ʱ򣬾ԸӦĵϢԼڵλýӽ
ĿһתǼϢķӹȥ
Ǳģ۾з
ĵϢȻڿٽӽʱǼ˿϶ҲӦ˾ԡڸӦԵĴ֮ȴûнٶȣ෴ĻӿٶȽӽͺԣǳžˡ
ֹͣ˷Уԭأ߿
ܿ죬ĵӰھԵ֮ڡĸˣһŮߣŮ߹м䣬һۺɫȹŮӣòޡ
ˣ
һʮϵġԶŶԷϳľмķۺɫȹŮӡ
ŮˣʮڵλڸӨ֮ں֮ǰ
Өڶġ
ӣǱˡһߣԺüëһ˵
û˵ֻĿžԣͶ֮䣬͸һ˼ҪϢ̬
ûŶӣһ˶СҲ֪ʵΡ
ֲǱ̩ǵʲôˣʵļǿôȫû˵
ҲǣǣΪûмκŶӣ
⼸ˣȻǲġҲû̶ԾԶ֣ͣﴧ⾰Եʵ
еߣǶʵŵġˣһ㶼ǡ
һ̩϶һʱתߣԲκεľ̩ǾҪллˣôҶ̩˼
λסҵȥ·кιɣ΢Уͳѯʵ
⻹𣿡һ߹һЦžԣϵʯǿԷһɱ㣬ҲԼؾѰʯ
ȻҪңаת
Ҫʯǿ϶ϣһöʯûˡ֮ǰҵģȫϼյˡȻʯҲܽȥ
λңԵ˵
Ե̬ĸЩɲˡԣǰֵ̫ˡһĸȻܹ̩Ȼ֮⾿װģ̣Ͳĸ˵Ĺ
ӣƺ̫ˣ²öԸһ˵˵
ʲôʵǿϻ̩ǸεǿߣɱˡһЦ˵
ǣǿǶߣĸһܱס˵ʵǿĸ˶κβҪߣסҲ˵
ɱϵһУˡ
ھǰ֮󣬵һο˵һڣҪɱ˾ԡ
ҲĻĿⶸȻһ
úݶŮˣһڶ
Բûߵ˼ԷԼǿɾ͹ֲԼˡ


1214 ִݻ
Ļһ·˼ѪһǺ졣
ৣ
ۣ
ˣȡԼ
ʯһŭһ
ţ˻Ϊ⣬žԳ̹еĲϼҲ۶
ԭأֻһ˫ĿȤżɱ˫ڽ֮Уݵɱ֡
ڽӽһ߻Ӷһȫ߶˼ޡ˵Ĺž˵Ըǹ
ߣϾҪǿһڶħϣҲǱȽϿǰġߣӶСŶӡ
֮ڣܹסֹ񣬿ҲҲ١
ɣ
װģĶ˿˻
ͨӰһ
ͬʱԵڵҲת
ھԵ棬սγɵĹΣٽȫסھԵʧ֮ǰսϵˮ򱻼
һƬɫĹΣ˲Ϣ֮У嫵ܵߣ뵽ˮ֮УǵĹٶȣԼ˺ܶࡣҹǿȣҲٱˮ
ˮƫط
ս׵ˮ򣬰Ļ˵Ǿվͨ񹥻ֵܵһʱ䡣޷κξԡ
գ֮䣬ԵͨʹɵĹ˳˵
ʲô
ˮ򣡡
ô
֪ˣ֪ˣϵսףӦǺ鱦εսסһЩȽĺ鱦Яѹִĸܵԭ̣ĸ˿ٵĽš
ԴǵĹʱҲЩˣæתԴ͵Ϯ
Ȼû뵽ԵĿġ
ڴ˵ĹֱӾͱԶ˵ӳ˹ȥ
ԿٽӽԼɫҲ΢΢һ䡣һԼķɫȡ˳
߿ӳ˹ȥȻ򣬶׷ǣǵٶȣԶԶûʩչͨľԿ졣
û˵κλϼֱնɱ˹ȥ
򣡡ԵĿģǻɱӣȻ֡
һ֣ܣϯܵĿռ䡣УСڵԴ
ܵһɺѹɫ䡣ӵıʵȻҲǲġʵҲڲ֮䡣ʩչľԣͲ
ס֣
ס֣ðλʦ֣ʦַŹҡӸоԵʵ֮ܿ̾ͽкɴϴˡ
ðЦ
ԼʵǿĻԼֻ·ߣҪôǼͷ뿪ҪôһϴĻԼ֣ͣ
ʦס֣Ըʦ졣ȻɫѿȻûչԼ
˭ϡֹһ䡣
ӣȷʵǣ͹˾Եĵֿ˵Ǹ߹ԼԾԵӰ
ɶ񣡡ʩչĲɫûʧļһ䡣
ʱӦ̼ͷ뿪ؾǣľôȥ
Լͬ飬Ѿ׷
ֻҪܵסǰ˵һιĸ˾ܻϵһĸ֣ǰ쵰ء
ĲھʹͳȥϾµޣһµʱ䡣
ֻǣٴε͹˾ԣ͹˾Եʵ
ɫĽʩչĹ֮ʶ⡣ʱȡƼͷѾˡ
ӣֻٶȣϵһܽڸߵȷͺ鱦֮
棬γһɫϡ
ɫĽ⣬ݺݵϡ
ϣҵ˸
ֻоȫһʹһɿµֱӻ˳ȥⲻǽɫⲢδʹʧڽԴܼӳ֮£âջǴ͸ӵķ֡
ӣֻüһҽСһųֵףâɨΪޡ
Խһ壬ĵطӶԷϣһƶռ䡣
ûв鿴ƷһתѾͣס˳ߡ
ʱߣ鶼ࡣ


1215 ع
ôܣ
ô
ӣˣӣôôˣ
һˣһͽʵ˲ӻɱ
֡ңԼţ˵ȫֳ
һΣĳ׵ˡܹһնɱӵˣһȻҲܻɱǡ
ʱˣиûʲôŭΪӱ뷨ûСסԼСǲҪģ
ӣɱڵĿǵʱһˣбĳһ֡
ȡƾ֤Ķͷ
Ӱʧһ֮С˶ҲʱǸûκνҵ˼϶·һղžԳӵٶȣҲȫ
⻪֮һƬ֮Уֻʣ¾һˡ
ߵÿ졣죬ղŴϻõƶռȡ
֣ӡ鿴
üһȻҲ²һԿʯ֮¶˹Ȼ˵ı顣
ʯ֮⣬ӵƶռдĸԴӵĲƸһҲضˡ
ʵϣ֮ѡȻɱӣΪӶɱԼָһҪԭǣжİգСѰҵʯϡ
߶ӵ̬ȿǶӰͽᶼѰҵʯ㲻ֱ͸ӣҲкܴΪֺôӶȱܣȳȥϽһһԴ
ƶռڵʯԵжϹȻǶԵġʯҪȾԼҵʯֹ
ؾ֮⡣
ɫ԰׵ߣƾճƽ̨֮ϡ
мߣϢ˳ʱĿ⿴˹
棬Ҳˣ
ףأСŶӵǳˣôûӽһ߿˰ɣһߣɫÿͲµ˿ǿˣɱˡ
ûΪŶӵѾˡϣûмĶɱ֡ǶħӵֻҲԥ
ˣ濴һۣЩʧ˵
ֱؾͳˣûȫعղŷһУƺôʵ
ʲô
ˣ
ô£ôȻûбӣ
쵰ߣߵĿˡ
棬ô£ղ˵ˣҲ˼˵Ľ̸ʵ
æ
ˣӱһɱˡǵʯҲȫˡ˿΢ƽһЩһߵ˵
ߣһѵ̩üһۡ
ʱҲȴǺá
ǰΪʵȴǿƵúܡɱһɱȻ⡣
仹ӱɱȻΪΣǷǳ֮ġʮܵĹעɲһô򵥡
ڿʮҪ仯ˡɱճһȻᱻ˶ȥ
λҲĬȻ
ЩѻȴҲ޷ƶĹֻܲնɱߣߣնɱ߰ɣ
˻̩֣Ǹǲʶɱӡͷޱȱ˵
̩ǵһʱͻܣӿܾͲˡΪûǸߣǲΪԷӺ۸û뵽ȴߵˡߣֻһ㶼̩ʵ
벻֮ͨУôͻȻ֮ðһ̩Ǹεǿߡ
̩ߣһ¡
죬Ҳ΢΢Щ̾뵽˵ˣӦԽ
λͬɫ΢΢һ䣬Ŀһۣͷת
֮УȻ̩εǿˣ֮ǰȻһϢûеõ
ġ˵߽ʲôȻһֱţЦƵʵ
Ǽ˵ģӦԽɣһ˵
Խ񣿴˵ֺİҡҡͷ֣ҲһӡûС
˲űŹֵĿһۡ


1216 ֮
µԽԽؾڵʯᣬļҡ
һ£ÿһ죬вߴؾȴͳȻҲв棬Զܳˡ
ͷؾڵ߱Լʮһ
Ҫ֪ܹؾߣǸţǾ֮дڼ˲εġ˵Щ߶кܴϣδ񾳽硣
һգѾ޵¡
ؾ֮ڣĳ
ԶΣһֱˮˮʲô˼̩ǰӰʵ
ΪһˣȻҲаġ߼ԶΣֱӾͼͷˣයһʱ䡣
ЦˮˮҲ䣿Զɺ˫УȻɱ⣡
Ҳ䣿
ֱ֣һ̣ݺݵĲ̩ϡ
ৣ
̩Լߣһɫ
Ҫҿ㣬սһԶͬȡһڹӿ
˵ǳ
¡
񱩵ͷ֮ӿضΪ֮ɫ䡣ɫĹɫΣٵľһ
˶û˵ֱɱһ
̩ǱħһˣһʵҲǼֲġң̩Ҳɱһα˵׼ǿߡ
춯صĴ쳹ԲǧﷶΧ
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ʲôڽ֣
ǹȥΣ
ȥǿֵ˿϶ܿģͲܵ
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һЩߣ̩ܵԶɱʱɢͷ򲨶ǣ׳ŵӣСĽӽȥ
ӽսСŶӣһ촺ɵĶ顣
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̩ʦ֣Ķ֡ħ
̩ʦ֣Ȼħˡ⡭̩ʦ֣ܵеùħ𣿡촺ˣľսĿŽս֮еӰ
ǲҿ̫ɱɢܽҲȥԶԶԶĿš
̩ʦֵĹǿǶʩչһҸ͵סĿⶢսе˵
ӣ㣬⼸ˣûܵס̩ʦֵȫһֻǣ̩ʦȻǿħʵȴΪֲУ׷ɱǿߣȻûɱʵҲǿ̶ֲȣڿ˵
ǰǱ֮УҲʦǼ̩ʦֹУղ˿˵
ͬʱ⼸ŶߣҲעսĽ̸ۡ
ŽսĽУĵһˣҲսĿ⣬̩ħϣɫأһԲ
䣡
һ̩֮Ȼˣ֮һĨѪҺ
ʵ̩԰ɣ֪㣬һˣ̩֮ħĿɱڣ˵
̩Ŀħһ仰Ҳû˵еĳֻǽͺ鱦֮Ʒʡħĳȴĺ鱦˵ͳ˴
òϣħĸʵҲ߳һһսлʤϣǣһ˵ͷ׵ĺˡ
̩ҧҧٴγȥ
е㵨̩ҵеˡƾݵɫҸһŵŵǣһһȫʬħ¶пЦݡ
һȫʬ̩ĳŵ
Ѫ򣡡ħзһȡ
Ѫ򣬳ͨʩչ֮䣬һԼɼѪ⡣
Զڰ֮ˣоеѪ
ħɱ˶ˣеմ˶ѪŻôѪ
Ѫһɱ¾ԼصĳͨҲֻħֲп׺ݵˣлѪֳͨ
ϵ£˿ɲɱ
仰ħֹһ˵
飡˵Ѫ֮У̩ӰԽԽ
ԿǹĻ֮֯УɫĽԽԽ١
һ޴֮ɫĽȫʧռڣȫڹѪ⡣
սߣһģɴ۾Ҫ棬ھ龰
Ѫͺڹ⽥ʧ˶ˣһӿܶǵһĻħֳֺɫվǰ̩һ
˵ȫʬҵĳŵˡħ˵ʱһ̩ʬϸոЩҵ̩壬ץСһ̩壬㳹ɢ
̩𣬱һˣؾ֮С


1217 
̩񣬾ʹ䡣
վ̩ʬԱߵԶΣ̩ƶռ𣬵кɫȴȻС
һ˫ɺȻܣɨЩǰִĹսߡ
ˣĿⶢסһЩħͬԶߡ
ߣ
ߣ
ಣ
һӰΪ⣬˷Ӵܶ
Щ뿪ߣĵһˡȻԸĿ̩ħնɱĹ̺ʧȥħս
ʦ֣
ʦ֣ļСߣûӴܣǽӽһЩԶκ󣬹ļϣǾηɫ
ʲôȥ׷ɱǣԶɨЩߡ
ǣߣЩӴܶߵ׷ɱȥ
ԶûжԼͬһ֣öжɳһͬʱҲԶǶߣɱ
ԶοЩ߿׷ȥ¶ЦһҲһЩߵķ׷ȥ
ԣʼԶεɺֲ
Щ쵰׷ˣ
ħ᲻󣿡
ˣǸϽͳȥҲʣµʱ䣬ڳȥҲ̫˷ѡ
ٱ׷ɱߣֱӾͼ˶ͷ뿪ؾ
ؾĶһˣ򣬷ֱʮˡϪߣߣϾͳԿ
һЩ˲ı׷ɱ߾һᣬЩȫûнֵ˼Ķ׷̾ͼ˶ͷ뿪
ȻвֵӱȽϴߣһᣬˮ㡣
ڵؾڣһֳɵӣʧȥһ̩ı򡣾ߣһЩű׷ɱȥ
ؾ֮⡣
ĻǽϣɫĹ㲻˸ʧ̶ʱ֮ڣдߴ͵ƽ̨֮ϡյʱڣĻǽϵĺɫ㣬ʹӹٵʮҡ
ЩʧĹ㣬󲿷ֱͳҲٲ֣Զؾ֮С
Ҳء
Щոմͳߣһɫɶÿ
ˣһߣѪɫ˿졣
ڵΣԼòԾʵ
̩ʦ֣ˣߵͷֱʱȻֱ̩ǿߣħնɱЩħһﻹڣ
ʲôһĿâ
̩ʦ֣ԶδսԶСߵϢ˳˲٣˵Ҳ
棬ǾͰȫˡħɱأλǰҲԲҶֺ
һ
̩ˣԶɱɱúðпϲ
ʮϵӱǸԽɱڱһ̩Զɱ
֮ǰһֱ˳ĳ棬ٿ֮оˬ
ϵûκϲõɫֳεúܺá
̩Ȼˣϧ̩ǲض̤񾳽硣̩츳һǿɾͲһܱȡϧ˵
ޱ顣
ڰҲ˵ͷ˵ƺѹӡ
ʵϣǿһ㶼ѹ̩ˣиëĹϵֲԼĵһؾ
ؾڴͳߣȻڳĻǽϵĺ㣬ֻʣʮӡʮˣгһ룬Ƕߡ

ԽôûĿһֱͳߣȴûз־ԵӰ
ĵģǾԵİȫ⡣̩ˣѾǳʹǾҲ⣬ǿɾĿˡ쿴һƾϼĸ߼ʦȻ̩ܹȵġ
þԵսӦҲܱ뺷ٱ뺷Ҳסħ
Խ洫ͳɣĬĬתͷ
ؾ֮ڡ
ܣܣħ׷ˣ촺кš
ˣٶ˼ޡÿˣƾ֤У׼ʱͷ뿪ؾ
ɫϢҡǸӦ֮УԾ쵽һǿޱȵĿϢں淽𽥱ƽ
ħٶȣҪܶࡣûб仯Ǻܿͻᱻ׷ϡԣҲ⣬ֻҪħǾͼͷһʱ뿪
촺ǵĶ飿
촺˷зǰһɫӰš


1218 
촺֮󣬾Եϲ¶һŹֵı顣
Ϊ촺˴ʱɲѰʯɥ֮ȮһǱӴܡ
Ǻ׷ɱ۾ԭֹͣ
ʱ촺ˣžڵλÿٷй⣬Ǳķз򣬾;ڵλá
֣ӣ촺˾ԣңԶʹþץת
ߣ˾ǺǶǸħ̩ʦѾɱˣ촺֮󿪿ڡ
̩ɱˣ
㶡̩ȻϤһʱҲһ˽⡣̩ǱϪϵεһǿߡһΪ촺һȵġ
ǿˣȻħԶɱˡ
ԭûжû촺ǵһ㡣
ôվŲħٶȼ죬ϾҪ׷ˡȡƾ֤ƣһħ̼󷢡촺˾뾰ԽԽԲûתеĶֿڼߴٵ
Խߣ
ߣߣһǿޱȵϢ
ţ˺󷽴
ڷе촺ˣ΢΢ֻͣ͡о֮䣬һǿϢ׺ݵѹ
ˣɫ˲Ұס
֪ħ׷ˣײеħͷѾǲԶ
ͬףΨһܹħİ취Ǽ뿪ؾˡ
Զ촺˵ĺ󷽡
ħӰھԵ֮У
ϼھԵС촺˿ȡ鶼һ㶡
ԽҪʲôѵħһս֪֪ħǶôֲĴڡ
Լֲñˣһɨ˾һۣĿһ㶣һת˵Ǽ󷨣뿪ؾ
һδ£ӰֱʧǰȻѾ˶󷨣ؾ뿪
޷ˣǴͳȥɣղҡҡͷһ֮󣬼ƾ֤ϵĶ󷨡
ת֮䣬촺ˣֻʣĸˡµˣȻҲƾ֤ȴû̼
֣ڸʲôѵħ֣򲻹ģ̩ʦֶħĶ֡촺ĶԾ˵
촺ˣǺܲģΪԽЩ˵ʱȽܵľ촺촺ʵһҪ΢һЩɴ˿Կ촺Ŀأһ֮ϡ
ȳȥɣùҡԶ촺ЦЦٲߣǿɾΣˡ
ħѾ˾˲һĵط룬Զȼǿ˵Ҳʱܴ
촺ҧҧȻûмдͷ
ڡӻиӨӣҲˡ
ںͺӣǲֻ¾һԷħӨӣ˼ˣħ϶ȶ֣ԼΪŵġ
ħʵǿҲͬʱɱˡ
ˣֲͨľ
֮ǰԻɱӵʱ򣬶ߣԾһͬնɱܽؾģͨЩˣһһЩǿıֶΣвֹһһͨ
ħҲһ֮䣬ǼȫɱһҲɱһˡ
ΪˣӨû뿪Ǵ㿴˵
ؾ֮⡣
֣Ǽûгղ˿ңСŶеˣֻһ˳
һĿƤӾҶһ¡
һ
쿴һͽղ˳ƽ̨ϣʱˡ
Խأֱѯʵ
ˣһͽղ
ûԽһô˳ˣأȻ黹ƽʵѾļˡ
˶ԶΣ׷ɱȻܣǱ׷ϡѣҺͽղͷˡһͷ˵
ǰˣԶεʵ̫ǿǸͶֻܴͳղһ䡣
أ
һתת֪ĵӦԽˣ˿ǲôżѯʡˣжԾԵļʺּ˼֡
Խһ𣬻촺ǣһ߸ˡҶ˵ˣǼͷֻǲ֪Ϊʲôûһһҡҡͷ˵
УǺ޲ԽħС
ŭһ䡣


1219 վħ
һģȫ
һͽղ˿еõϢ֪ؾڵĶԶԽѾȻ˵Խ߻촺ȼߡħǰ촺˵սͲﲻæ
м̩ε֣ǻϣħ⡣
ôͳĿⶢŹĻϵĺ㡣
ʱĻǽֻʣʮҵĺ㣬Ҳ˵ؾڵߣֻʮҡ
ƺںǸԽߣĪǣʲô֮Ŀ졣
ȻһֱȽƽĸоԽġ
ұ޷㶫ȣһ̩ε߲ס̩ѾˣҵȻϣԽҲԶСɲὫǸ߼ʦ£׵ĸ߳ˡ
Ľͺ󣬵Ҳûм׷ʡ˵ģҲȷʵеǸԽߣӦǿԱ̩񣬷ôһɱ˵򣬾Ƕ֮У̩ǸεҲǼҪġ
ؾ
ԶΣԿŽӽħ
Ǽֻϵе㵨ɫȻûмͷ󡣡ԶĿӾɨЦ̶ܴ
ʱûΪҪͷ󣿡Թ˵
촺˿˿ԣ̲ס˷ۡ
ԶΣޣֻʣˡǺβȥѰʯԼ˵
ȻԶɱ̩ҲԶСǣûΪЩ˱ͷֲ졣
Զβ֣ǾԵҲԶɱ
ԵĻԶζʱһ¡˿ԣòİӦòǱǼǿľߡһǰȻ˵ȻҪԼĽ
촺˴ʱͷϣҲһͷڶħҪô˵ôħƺţؾôôУ
ؾߣûһԲ̵ԶΡ
Өӿ˿ԣȻû˵֮нһжˣԽˣֱһ׳ա
ĵӣ̩󣡡ԶζԾԣһЩȤ
񾳽ߣһŵƨתܣҲ̩ǸεߣԼǰӡ
Һ̩죬ڵӣʵҵӲ󡣡ҡͷЦЦ֪̩Ѿɱˡ˵ʵ֮Уǿ񡣲Ϊûң
ʱһЩ߿ʮˣǶߡ
쿴Զʦֽļˣ
ֿˡ
Զʦ֣һὫǼһɱ
ǲҪ̫ȻǶǶߣԶʦɱ˵ͽҲˡ
ʮߣԶԶľͣе̸šһ¶˷ܵĿ⿴Զκ;Ե˵Ķš
СӣЩˡȵɫߣڱϪ治ȻˣҿԸһŵɱʱһһȫʬԶɺ۾֮УɭȻɱϯ
һսɱˡԸܵԶεɱ⣬ҡҡͷ̾Ϣһ
֣ڲ봫ͳȥ鷳ǵԶһĵطȻһԶɱܻӰ쵽ǡҡͷ˵һֶ촺˵
ԶεʵǿԿûԼԶɱʱչ촺˵İȫ
֣㡭촺Ȱ˵Ĳ뿴Աɱˣȥô˵£
ȻҪԶαԣǾóطӨ˵ţѾԶ˷С
֮⣬ԽԼǾȥˣ
촺ںˣ˿ԣֿ˿ӨգҲֻܴ߶ŸӨӷ˹ȥ
ĸԶȥħδǳ֣ʱħУֻоһˡȽɱ˵ġ
СӣԶνɫ𣬶ԾԺʵ
Խ񣡡ԻӦϼ֮ϣɫâת
ԽԶϢһܣӿ
һֲĺɫ⣬˲ۣžϮɱ
ˣԵ棬ս׹Ѹٵ
ɫɢǿܵĹΣٿһƬռ֮ڡԶʩչĺɫ⣬ɫĹ⻪ʱܵһѹƣٶҲڲϵıġ
ƫطˮ򣬾ô뺷ǿԶΣˮǰĹҲҪܵص
ɫȻٶȻգ֮䣬͵˾Եǰ
飡⣬صĻвս׵֡


1220 
Զεĺɫ⣬Ȼսˮĵֵ˺ܴһ֣Ȼ٣ֱӻвսױ֡
дܣԶ촺ľɼв
ս׵ı֣Ѱߵʮսٴεɫâܣ㼸ûʣʲôˡ
嶼ûʩչڿе壬Ҳ΢˺һЩ
Զεսǿͨȵģ΢һ㡣ղһԶβδȫԸеĺɫҲǺ鱦ΣѹǶԾԵһû̺
ս׵ֵֹȻɵúܡ
һûжԾκвԶεɫԤУǰԽߣ±̩ҪɱȻϵãˮ
սײˮķȷǿÿһ鱦ܵסңɾʹˡԶûмż֣ǿڶԾ˵
þɱеɱȴǿˡ
ԶεľԼ뿪ؾԲŻ˵һЩҡԶײв٣ͬʱҲǼΪթ֮ˡϵĲս׺̾ռΪе˼
ɱԽ鱦Զǿӿͷ
Ҫ֪ϣҲֻһĺ鱦еĺɫң⻹һνؾͨӶõʯӳлġ
ԶεĻʵ㹻֮һֱѹž粻ȥͻƵҪԭ򣬾ٽһؾŪ㹻ʯٴУȡһ鱦
ӾŪ鱦ؾõʯͿԶһԴû˻ԼԴࡣ
ԶΣĪ㱾£ߣǲ̫߹ʵˣԶΣ˵
ৣ
Զһкɫٴ͵ڿռڴ̳
һι֮ǰһ˼ı仯
֮ĺɫ⣬һؽһأ಻޾һ㡣ңЩΧһɫС
Կܵķ֮ٵӿ뵽֮С
ǵصĿ޾ѹ˺ſռ䣬ͬʱѹȥ
Զδ߷˳ܡ
һ
ػ򣡡ԶػͨҲһЩ˽⣬Ըܵɱܺ󣬾ϳػ
ͨػͨһͨ㲻ϡǣػͨϵĽҲܽΪͨġػͨͨǽ˼£һݱ

ˮٴʩչɫĹâ޿ײ룬һغɫâתȥ
˻˻
ˮɫǰĽ⣬̽ٶȣܽ͡ǵڶؽ⣬ȴֺݺݵĳˮ֮ϡ󣬵صصؽ⣬ϵķ
ˮǿ󣬴ʱҲԵЩơģ˺ѿ
գ֮䣬Ľ⣬ݺݵĻвս֡
֮Ե壬ź˦˳ȥܣϵĳھԵΧ
һĻԶɺУ˷ܵĹâŷžԵĵɣԶȴǰѹȥֻ֪һѻɱк鱦ľԣҪٽȡʱڣԳնɱ
Խ촺ǵĿ⿴ŵɳȥľԡ
군ˣȻк鱦ıħ̫ǿˡңħеĳҲǹ鱦
ǰֻһ֮£Ѿشϣ֪Ѷˣ̼󷨣ܱס˵
ԽҵĸоΪȣӦûѡͳȥɡ촺ͷ˵
Ǿ͵ɴ۾ԽӰȻͣǿУԽδͳȥס֮󣬾ֱһնɱ׷ȥħ
ʱ촺ﻹԽûѡͳȥĴ㣬ѡħɱ
ˣǷˣ
ǡΪԼ̩ʦ̩ʦк鱦ħսһʱ䡣
ȲεսǸͰﲻæû鱦żҲûκô˶ҡͷ
ֻǸӨӣһֱû˵ֻĶսţϧһ鱦ֻҲ͸İɣ

ԶΣĹеζڣһɣЩѪ
ػһȻûд߶ֿһ²ս׵ڣЧþΪ⡣


1221 Сڣְɣ
Եһֲͬ
ϼմʯ֮ƷѾﵽ鱦ΡȻĿǰȫӳҲԶ֮ǰߵʱǿöࡣ
ȻԽҲ˽ȥԸԶεǿߣͨĹ϶޷вԾһ֣ܾʩչˡ
ֻ֮䣬˶ޱȵһɫ⣬ѸޱȵԶϮɱ˹ȥԶΣҲȻֹסǰе塣ʱûٶžԣǶһϯĲɫ⡣
ܸоǲɫ֮У̺в
ôܣ
˵ĹΪ֮ǿԶתͷ
쵽ԵһܣҪ֮ǰ̩ȫֶҪֲöࡣ
žԽսֵܵʱûΡȻףԽ֮ԸԼа壬ƾĲǷ鱦˵ս±̩Ҫǿһ
ǣڱ֮УʲôʱһǿߣȻһϢû
ƣԶһŭΧѪɫ֮ʱ
Ѫ
ԶΣһʩչѪ֮ǰɱ̩ʱԶξʹѪ
ŨѪ֮ӯ
ĺɫѪԵݣͬ΢΢һǿУĸ֪Ѫɫ֮У̺ŵĿֲɱ⡣
Ѫ򣬱Ͼһɱ¾Ϊɱ¾
סߣԶܵصӰ졣ԾãѪֻҪȵǸһĳԼвҪ
Сڣ̹ͨСڡ
СڣСںܿͻӦ
ҪɱԶΣһỹҪĸ˵
Բʹɽ棬϶֪ӵֱ־ԼǿֶΡһʩչǳǽܵȫɱ⣬ȷϢ©Ȼǲܵġ㾰־ģҲ
Щֲɵӣһɱ֣϶̴ͳȥԣɱˣ
ԾԲ׼ʹԸԶΡɽõϢǿԴߵв
˷ģСڵĴѾˣС˵
仰ɫɺһ¡СڣԽԽˡ
¡
֮䣬ɫ⣬ɫײ
Կɫ̼ǰĺɫ⣬ֻ˲Ϣ䣬ƿ߰˵ɫ⡣
Զʩչػγɵĺɫ̫ˣֻ½ӽϰٵ֮ࡣƿ߰˵ɫ֮󣬲ɫٶȾͲɲļҲյ˺ܴ
ͬʱԶεѪҲĥŲɫ⡣
ȥԿзһͺȡ
ɫĹΣӿ
ˮȻƫطͬѹƵˡκѹִͨĹҲƵ˵Ч
¡¡
Ѫɫ뺣ɫĹΣ·ƬͬգݺݵײһײĵطһĿĵѺ۲ϳֲ
ַΧײܣǿֲ˹
֮սЩߣ׷׾Ĵ߶ˡһ񾪻ţŵһĻ
촺ȼˣͣɫǺ졣
ȻԶεɱӿʼڣŹ˲ʮʱ䡣ǣԾԵʵµʶ
ڲȫףΪԽô𾴡Խʵֲ̫ˡ˵ԽǴ޾˵ʱ򣬻ΪЩʵˣڿԽ޾֮гʱʵ
ʮߣǰ˷ܳҲȫÿˣжһֽŵ㺡
飡
ǵע֮£Զκ;ˣ͵ھˡ˵ĿУȫѪҺ
һĻʮߣ
ԶΣǶĵһ񣬾ȻѪˡ
ǾԲţ֮УȻԶˡ˵򣬾磬ҲҲ
ãããԶε֮Уĺ֡
û뵽û뵽ؾ֮УȻֶ֡ԽҳϣʸԶεĶ֡ܺãڣˣһĽɣԶ֮󣬲ûκȴ˼ս⣬ĸ߰
սѪܣƺٴεõԶεܣѪʵһ㣬ԶԶȥһѪ˵ۣԿԶε塣
ԽĬĬתһ£ƾԻָǣеĲϼյøһЩ
СڣְɣԵʹ˵һ䡣


1222 ȼ
õԵָС˲Ӿڷɳ
򣡡
ϼͬʱնȥ
ڲɫâ۵ͬʱСһźɫ棬뵽֮С
СڻԴʱ򣬾͸ڹкܴİСѾΪ߼Դǰ˼ԴϺ嫡
Կڲɫ֮Уһ˿˿ɫɫ⣬ܣ֮ࡣ
ǽֵĽ⣬ھĴ߶֮£ͨҪɵСڣܽٴɡشͨεˡ
֮䣬ӰԶĶš
Եܣˮ򡣶ԶܣѪ
Ѿ֣ԶͬɫǰͦȫɱڵԶΣѪɫ֮£ӵ߳Ķħ
ȥԶһŭ
ػٴϯ
䣡
һصĺɫ⣬׺ݵĶϾ޴ɫ⡣
һΣСڵĸ֮£ɫ⣬˲ϢƳʮɫ⡣
ۣСڵĽкԺ
СȻ뵽˽֮УԱȽԶҲܹ뾰ֱӹͨСǾԵıԴ뾰Կ˵ͬΪһ塣
ˣˣһǿٸһְ֧ɣС۴С
ܵСڵ˼֮󣬾Եͷţ͵ļǿ
õֵ֧Сڣһ
Կɫڻƶʮɫ֮ٶԵֽԻ໥֮СǣСٴ˷ܷ֮󣬲ɫâڼ̵ʱУٴλ˶ʮɫ⡣
ˣСֽ
ҡԶνŵɱ֮УԶ뽫СлݺݵĴһˡ
ԵѾΪأСٶģǾԵǿ촺˵ֻѾû˹ȥ
ɫѾһ룬һҧͷϣٴμһѻ
С˷ܵ۴УԴݹ֮ƣʣһĺɫɨһ롣
ʱ򣬺ɫֻʣ¶ʮصӣɫ໥ġ
Զεı飬ùŹ֪ڵԼػ۵Ľȫ֮󣬶ĲɫȻʣ༫ǿ
ô£
ĹȻǿ֮ࣿԴܣѵǵʦԶεһΣһԼֲܵߵ˼
ҲʧܣҾԲʧܣԶ˻衣
ȼգԶķˡ
ֱȼԼ塣ȼ壬ɲʹôɡ岻ܵˣٶ࣬Ҳ֮ܿͻָһ鷳ɾʹˡ
ȼյȽ϶࣬Զ񶼻ܵӰ죬һӶûнϣˡ
ɼˣԶȻʱԥȼ塣Ա˺Լͬݣ
ʵϣʱԶǼͷ뿪ؾǾҲסϾѪػȻĵס˾ԵĹԶΣȻûܵĴ㣬ƴȼ壬ҲҪԻܡ
֮Уûʧ֡ǣԵĻԼһ
Զ˵ܸһǾǳ衣ܽܵĳ衣
ԣƴˣ
ȼ֮ԶζػѪĿƣõ˴ȵ
ˮ򣬾ǱѪѹƵÿʼ
Ǻɫ⣬ĲɫٶȣҲ֮ǰӿ˺ܶࡣ
ӣԵһʱ䣬͸о˱仯Զȼ塣
ҡҡͷ
ˣЩ̫ˡС׵壬ѹԮ
ҳסûĺȵ
С壬ֻҪԻţԶξͺ˵Сڵĺ塣
ԵҲͷŵ˼ޡȻԶǸһȼԼ塣
áðɣСͰ͵ĻӦһ䡣
飡
ֹ˶ݵʱ󣬾ԺԶˣͬʱԷ⴫ɡڿУѪȻƶᡣײԶԸԿԶεķɲ粻ս׵շǿ
οԻдһɱ
ҵҪ꣬ȼֶ֧áҧҧоֹס֮ûκͣ٣͵ǰ
䣡䣡䣡
ˣƺҪؾռ䶼ơȼ£ԶڱϣѹƾԵӡԼȼļò˶ãͻ޷֧š


1223 ħ
һ̫ǵʱ򣬾㾰ԲΪ޷ֱܶӻȥ
ƺΨһܹܾԵķԼĹ֮ǰԡ
ˣԶεĹ
ʱ촺ȹսߣ˵սĵ֮ĵط
ǸǼǿľʵԶˣҲнս֮еӰֻģĿһšǵ֮Уֻڹ⡢⡢⡢ʹ⽻֯
飡µ֮Уμٵˡ
ȻڴһѪȴ¶ԵϲɫΪԸоԶεһι΢½
ԶѾ߾ܣдָƵľԣ޷ʱɱ
ôôԶ˻һգɲ
ûսʤңûУûУԶθ޷ԼǱһܵġ
壬ʱѾΪأȻҧ֡
ؾ֮⣬˶ĿתĶŹĻǽڡ
ÿһ㣬ǵ֮С
죬ǳţĵľǣӽʮ㣬ͻȻ֮һȴû߱ͳ
֮ǰһ˵ԶԽѾԶεײԸ񣬲ܷŹԽˡڣһʱûкʧڹĻǽϡҲ˵ԽδԶɱ
ˣŸӵǺͽţ¹Ļǽĺʱʧġ
֮⣬ҲŹĻǽڡ
鲻ͬĵףǺڴԽ߱Զɱʮ϶ڴУԶؾɱ˴ˣҲΪӱˡ
λ²ؼ߸߹𡣷͵־ˡģ޹ؽҪ
ԽߣȷʵʵװԶǰܼ֮ãⶼһʱ˰ɣ߿˵
ƤӶ˶վûнԼ͸Բս˵ս׵ķԶζʱ޷ơʱ䳤ˣս׷ǿҲչбʱ
ǺǣԶû뱱ԽҲ˵̫ĵġЦһ
ֻǣ⻰˵Լšħţǰģ
ֳĬֻǱ˫֣ճȭͷĻһŭܹؾͳȥˣͲôɰͰ͵ĵš
촺Ƕû֣֪ҲӦٵȵȡղЩڴͳô硣
촺ûдͳɹĻǽϺûм٣˵촺ؾڣš
һ˽ղһۣ˵촺Ҳˣħ϶Ѿ֡Ҳ²⣬ħȶɱԽ񡣡
ôãԽôûղתĿ
ҿ˳ǿķԽ񣬻Ǻ鱦ԽħǰôáһĿһۡ
ղԣΪȻĵͷʵҲԽħǰܼôõɡһ̩ħǰֽӽһʱ䡣
ؾ֮ڡ
ӦԶεƽ֮󣬾¶ЦݡеĹûκи˼ҪֹǿȣһԶε塣
ΪԻԶΣԻԼϢԼҪֲסӡ
ȻڵԶοѾˣӦòἤͷߣԻװֵסӣøԶǿԼȡʤġ
ֹ˼ʮʱ䡣
ڣĿһ
ڲһ񹦵ת£ҵһǳõĻᡣ
ͨ
ͨʩչԵӰȻʧԶε֮ڡ
Ϊľ޴ʹԶεľЩ㱡ʧûڵһʱ䷴Ӧ
ܵһµķ򲨶ӽ󣬾Ѿ˾ֻм׵ĵط
Ե壬֡
򣡡
СڣȫǿֶΣ
ϼնҲͷŵޡ
Ϣ뵳ԶΡ
ۣԶһ
ֻоһɳǵ⣬ؿںݺݹʶĵͷɫĽâȥǰѪҺȪһ
Զ΢΢ʧ̧ͷĿ⿴ԡʱ˫ĿУɺɫѾʧ
ţԶξ͸оԼԿµٶšһɰԵޱȵԼĵƻ壬ʼɢ
ҰˣҪ𣿡ԶԺ֮š
֮սˣʱҲһ
Ϊؼĸ𽥵ĿʼɢʶһսƺѾˡǼֹ⻪뵽ռڡ


1224 
ƽϢˣ
űؼ䲨սĵľҲ
֮촺ˣ߲ܵ谭ǿԣĴӰɫֲֳۣɫӰ
ǵӰγأ
촺ֹ
ǿʲô
ǿʶԽվţǶɱ˿ħħȴڵϣԽĽ²Զ
ֿԽ֣ħĺɫ
ħˡ
ħôᵹڵϣôԽԼĺ鱦ùȥеļ֤ħ͸ˣʶԽ񻹻šԽɱħ
ڵĺˡ죬һĴͱ顣
ӣͬǴľ
ôܣôܣһֱЩԵĸӨӣ˺촽
˭뵽һսħնɱΪ֣ûκ뵽ͷûвʶԿʼǾûΪԵΪжǿ
Խ֣ħϵʱֻΪ˰жֽŰԽ񣬲ԽֽħǰʮΪˣ֮ԱǣԽмһˡ
ڣˡ˶ԽӣΪԽǿֲʵħԽնɱħ׷ɱͨľǿ߰
ӨЩڣڵԾԵ䵭ǿߣῡ㣬ĵ£ȥңȻһֱ֮Ӳٴɫ
ؾ֮⣡
Ļǽϣһͻأʧˡ
ʧ˵ߣתƽ̨ǣƽ̨ϣûκӰͳ
Ͼʶؾ֮ڡ
һ¡һֱûʲôı飬˼Եı仯Ϣ
˻йվûзֻһƬ䡣
ؾδؾԽˣʲôҲ˿죬˵
ֻȷʵЩϧ˵ʵڶԶ뱱Խ֮ѡһȥǻԥѡħȥ
ͱһֱܵѹơȻ˵ĸϪʵһģֻǱħռмֿ֮УкܶطǾĹϵĲ˵ؾǾһ
Ϊζһٸ򣬶ֻʮ
򣬲뿴ŶԽԽǿʢǿȻħռҲкôɶ˵ͬѹ
ǰ죬ڻȷءֻһ̫ҪȥˡҲͷ˵
ǺǡλôΪ𣿡Цһ
λһۣĬΪոʧĺ㣬ĿܣλԽˡ
ħмһʱ䣬ʵѾ˶ݡǣվħС
̩Խ񾡽Ա˵ȻһǳصĴ
ǶˣҲֻε̾ϢһȻһЩʲôأ
һԣһֱû˵֮е˷ܹʣܺõıҲûȥʵİο죬һ㣬˵ʲô춼ĵ׵ִΪè޺Ӽٴȱԣʲô˵á
ˣˣһѹеϲ⣬ͷϵЦݡ
֣ڿ촺Ǻܿͻ˰ɣһƽƽղŹֵ˵
ǰħѾɱԽĿ꣬϶촺ˡղͷ
ؾ֮ڡ
Խħĺ鱦ֽԶƶռ뵽ǬС֮ڡ
ĿɨԶˣڶʮϡ
ʱʮߣȫоһɭȻĺϮȫֻǱԿһۣ׹ߣȫֱ¡
֮ǰǽԶɱǰɣ˵
ֻȴ˲Ϣ䴫֮Զ䵽ʮ߶СʮȴһڶȻը
ಣŶʮ߿ٽӽ˹ȥ
ʮߣûһǺö֮ǰħδֵʱЩ˾˷ܵĴǵԶʦɱԡ
ħѾˣҲ⽫ʮˣȫɱȻҲ֪ǲ̫ܵ飬ʮˣֶξҲʩչҲҲֻɱһˡˣ϶ἤͷ뿪ؾ


1225 Խ
ʮߣ԰ĳֱӾˡ
Եٶмֲ㲻ʩչͨҲ˿ԶҪһ
ľ룬Ҳʱ㱻
ಣ
Խ٣ǧ֮ĵطһϵñǼʮߡ
ܣҲ֪˭˹һתӴܶȥ
ߣҲٶȣתƴķӴܡ
ৣ
ʱһɫ⣬Ѿ׷һˡ
ʮߣһŶӡʱŶӷֿӴܶȥ־һҲûһˣǶһӰն˹ȥ
ֻоԼһµɱԼžǳǺϯȫûκεֵ˼ʶȡԼƾ֤ҪĴͷ
ǣĶһ
ɫƾ֤Уδü߶ɫʹ˹ȥΪޡƾ֤һָֽӿеȥ
ߵĲҽԶӴеҽ翴һ㣬ȫһ
ûٱнҵˣǷ׷óƾ֤ɼĶͷ
ಣ
ʮת֮ʮߣȫʧһռ֮ڡ
һĻҡҡͷЩ˶жͷҪȫɱȷʵǲܡǱȽǿߣֻҲֶεһɱˡ
ɱϵƷת
촺ˣλ÷йԵĿ⣬촺ĸˣ΢Уԭأż˷й
Խʦ֣
˽촺˼ϵı𾪣Ρ
뵽ؾ֮ǰǾȻ֪żԣþԼǵŶӣһ޵ݵĸо
ڽؾ֮ɵŶӣȻÿʵ㲻һҲǿ󡣿ʱҲһα׷ɱȻÿһζܰȫѣζĲܡ
ǵŶУԽǿߣ±ˣǲȥӶ˾ǶԱĶˡǿߣǾȻż⣬ǵԴֱǱŷ
֣ô԰ڰ֣ûиɫ
⼸УþԲϲģҲһһˣҲûʲôСο֮ǰ촺ħ׷ɱĵȰ˵Ҳǹˡ
ȻԸӨӣͬûʲôøСŮˣ̫ĸˣҲŮʲôǣǺӣԵӡ󲻴
Խ磬ʵ桭ĺÿֲӼԺǰһºͣӵǴ࣬ھ̾˵
ֻƺȴǰһˡǰҲͽ֣ڵԽȻ˼ƣ̶ܳȴȫͬ
ûãЦЦ˵ǻаµʱ䣬ԼѰʯؾڣӦûʣ¶ˡѰʯҲӦòӰǡ
ԵĻ촺˾˼
Խʦ֣Ǿȱ뿪ٺúøлԽʦ־֮촺˵
ǾԶԸħֻ뿪ؾ˵ϸ˵Ҳ㲻϶о֮ؾܶµʱ䡣
С¡ٴβİ֡
Խ硭ӨĿתתһֱϣ¶Цݡ
⻹ǣԵһŮϿЦݡ
ҲһƾΪԽ硣
ˣȱʲôȴؾȥ˵ɡһûеȸӨ˵꣬ʹĻһͨʩչʧ촺ĸ˵ǰ
Өſڣ޾ʧ䡣ȻоóԶ̬Ժӵ̬ȣܴ

ؾ֮⣡
쿴ʧһ㣡
û˴洫ͳһΣ֪˭ħɱˣ
ۣٵĴ
壬ԽĽ֪ģ϶촺ĸ֮еһߡֻòǺ߸Ө˱ɱ
ʱĻϣȴٿʮɫͬʱʧ
һĻ˶΢΢һ㶡ʮͬʱʧô£
ʱؾ֮УҲֻж߲ʮɣߣÿһҲ˰ˡ
棬Ҳһ˫üЩԾԶΣԼ˶ʹɱְɣǣԼ֮ǰйԶΣԶġ


1226 е
ৣ
Ѱ˼ž˺µʱƽ̨ϣͬʱʮΣʮӰ
һʱ䣬˵Ŀ⣬ոմؾͳʮߡ
Ƕߡ
ߣôȫͳͬʱͣ
ѵħɱԼҲˣ
ܿ˷֣ʮеľֺͲȻѾؾڴͳǵȻ޷ƽ
뵽ؾ֮ڵǸˣǾ޷ƵĵǿħҲֲǶ΢һ㣬ֻ¾ԶҪؾ֮ˡ
ôͳˣʲôԶأ
ͳˣȻԼߣǰõһ⡣ҲΪЩǱԶθɱġ
ˣЩˣûǶ
ֻǵУ̺ſƲסĲ
Զʦ֣ˣһ˵
ֱʱǶԶλһһ񾳽С
ʲôʶľ
ǲԼˡԶˣԶôؾߣ˭ɱԶΣĵһ֣ҲܿԶΣɱԶΡ˵̩ѾԶɱˡ
һʱ䣬ڳӿ
ǳ棬ڳˣǶߵĻҲɫ䡣У죬һ
˵ô£˿˻ʵ
Զô
ԶԶʵȻڻǾ񣬵Զεʵ˼ʧܡԶһ񾳽磬ò˶ãܴﵽԪĲΡ
һе֮УԪɲࡣÿһмϵ
񣬴ϷΪͨԪԪ֮ϣ֮ϣǿֲľŶ
졢ˣ񡣶ɳԪ
ھŶǶһĴڣ磬ǳϡ١һЩֶľŶս棬ƥдߡʷϣоŶɱߵӣһһ
ŶĿֲܶʱ򣬶ڴߡ
˵ԪҲƵǿߣԵһ͵
Զһ̤֮󣬰ò˶ãͿԴﵽԪĲΡǿܳסǲŹˡ
˵ĻԶʦˣԽɱʱǶ֮սԶʦֺԽɱһʱ䣬ձԽɱߣϢ˳һЩҲӿ첻١
ˣ
ڳˣȥոմͳʮߣȫһƬ׻
˵ԶԽ񣬵Եɱһ񣬲ûв뵽ⳡս֮СԶΣǱԽһɱ
Ҳ˵ٻϾʮˣһ
ԣȫľˡ
֪ʵǿʱħǰʮͷͬһ㡣ǣȻ޷ԤϵԵʵǿܹɱԶεĳ̶ȡ
֪Ϊʲôһʱ䣬ЩţоЩá
Ƴϼĸ߼ʦܹɱԶεľԽ񣬼ֱе
λҲܾʡǿ˿ֿ˿죬˶һû˵һ仰
ؾǶߴͷһؾ򡭡ƺ˽ˡ
Զ񣬲֪ҪŻôһڸߵ֮УԶߣҲǷëǵġҪ֪ϪǰǸߵȻħռѳĸе򣬵ȻڵģӲûгõ
ǶϪ򣬷е򣬶ϪһָĴڡ
񡭡
˵һΣЩƲסˣ˫Ŀк֣ĿŸոմͳĶߣµѹȻ١
Щߣһŵȫֱ¡ûؾԼУɾԩˡ
ڣջǿסӿŭɱ⣬ͷųѹ
ȷԶѾ䣿˿ƽࡣ
ԣǿס˷ŭԶ֮ǰЩߣû˿ĹϵԼΣҲܽŭйǵϣȻɾֳЦˡ
ˣԶʦıɱˡǸԽɱԶ֮ɱǶߡʦûü߷ͷҲɱˡߵͷ򸡣


1227 ɱ
˵ʦ֣ԶûüͷӶԻɱߡ
ʮߣʱǰҳǶ֪Զεӳ̶ȡ
ôܣô񾳽ɱԶΣԿǶҪˣҲ벻ͨ
˵ʵ֮ǰԽʱҲɨһۣδԽʲô֮ؾߣƺҲûʲô
ɾôһˣȻɱԶΡ
ʱ򣬱һͽղˣϱķǳʡΪؾھˣħġõ˻Ƕħ
һͷ˿κˡԾԣһֱġȻΪĹϵ뾰ûзϵĳͻ̬ϣ϶ӣμڿԡ
֪ɱħǿ֮ȻǵĺµúܡħɱˣҪɱһָ飿
ˣһɫòҰףһɹɶƲסĺ⣬޷ԽĶ¡
ؾ֮ڡ
һ߻ָĵһļѰʯ
ԶεһսԵȷʵࡣս˶ǳƣ롣
⼸ͻָ˴룬ָٶȣȵ뿪ؾʱȫȫָ۷״̬
ϵһЩƣдڣǰͻָˡ
ħһνؾҲɱ˲ˡԴħƶռʱͿ˴ʯ͸Դ
ԾãǲǺ鱦κɫħĲƸҲӦܱȵͨǿˡ
ؾУĿǰΪֹһɱˡһʮ϶ӣϵʯԴҲܶ࣬ȻԶȲԶɱħҲԺܴľϲˡ
նɱĵڶˣԶΡڵֻ˵áһʮ˶ӴܣȴѡУҲȷʵùġ
ֻǶϪ棬ں˰ɣ۾
£ƽʱؾֻʮѰʯ˱촺ˣҲмؾСʮˣֱؾͳȥҲûٱͻ
ߣʱҲһΣǿԺϾˣͲҿ¾ȫûɱǵ뷨
ؾʱȫڵʮˣһƬ⻪ֹ󣬱ͬʱͳؾһ̾ͳƽ̨ϡ
ˣڵһ̡ʮ֣߳ļˣĿӹնھԵϡ
ˣɱ˶ħ
Ŀֲʵ
ڲõδһ̤񾳽磬ֻǿ̶ֳȣǲ̾ܽԪΡ
һ֮У̺Ÿַҵ
ЩĿУҲ֪Լɱ⡣
ǳɱ⣡̧ü˿棬ɱԶǼóҶɱġ
Խؾ֮ڣɱ˶ԶΡ𣿡
ֱӾͿںʵ
ǳĲʹ졣ܽؾ϶ͽȥҾˡʱ䣬˵һּ尾
ԾʻͬʱҲȻž˹ȥҪԽߣʲô֮ӵϣضٲΪֶ֪Ρ
ǿߣ񶼲ǣߵĲ̫ˡ˵ڳǰԺ޻ֻ֮Ԫ񣬾Ի΢¡
ϧ
Ȼ༫󣬵ֹʱ򣬾Ե廹̾͸оˡ
壬ǿҵų
Ե뾰ԵųӴ󣬾ֱӺ˼ɵ˳ѹ̬гû˵Ĵ㡣
ߣһߣ궸ȻۣСڵϣʵݺݵײ˹ȥ
ţһüͷһ¡
Ǳ˿Ȼ߶Ƚ⣬ҲûпʵǣϾ񣬶Сӣ񾳽ѡ
һ񣬾ȻԼ忪
ĿУһ˸ܹɱԶΣʵֻǣԽ񵽵Ǵʲôطðģ֮Уų֣ΪδûϢ
Ǹνıһ̩ѹͲȡȷһ̤񾳽磬Լ΢ȹ̺󣬱㽫Ԫεս


1228 ôң
ڳתһ£ĿкŷЦٶϮɱһ֮£Ҫ忪ɾûôˡ
һոͷţûüžԵݺݳȥԱߣҲһǿ͵ɱ˽
ˣֻо΢΢һ
ո۵֮ɢϣ¶ŭɫתĿȥ֪ոսԼɢˣǲԶı졣
ߵۣȻ޷׽ײʱȻһ΢춯
ԵһײĲ׽һ㣬ʱǡðﾰԽΧ
ԼЦЦҲû˵Ƴ㾰ԡ
ȻĵƣҲûмﶢţ㾰ԣѾ̫ʵ
λҲеǸӲȥ˵ơǣĿžԣжҲĽúܣڱ֮УǳһšԼôûȺˣ
Զɱġڳ˵Σ̫ȷ˵Զ֮ȷʵҲɱġԻڡ
ȫûзϻɱ˵ͷûκ塣
ôңһȻ̬еŭ̲סӿžԡ
Ҳ̫׳˼ѵԶεҪɱңһֻվﱻɱͲ̧ܷͷӡ
ؾδͳʱ򣬾ԻԳʱԼǲӦ΢ͷһЩǳ󣬾Ե뷨ҲųҪԼʧˡ
˾ɱģΣ
㡭˵ۡ
οؾĹ򣬱֮以ɱԴңʲôԼ˵
ɫǺݺݵĿžԡô˿ţҲڣһƽɶС
Цģˬúܡ죬λжֿ˻ǿƵĶҲгԱʱ򰡣
ãܺãصĵ˵ͷˣûҪ˼ԶؾڣֻܹǼˣֲԽ񡣡
ԶϵԨӦ䵽Խ˰ɣת˵
Զεĺ鱦ɫֽԨ鱦ϴԶδӳжһõһ鱦Ƕڳ桢˵ҲǷǳĶϣҲû鱦
֪˵ԨǺɫڳʲô˼
ԶʹõĺɫûԵ˵ͷ
ԽԨҵĶϣ㽫黹ҡĿ˵
黹Ԩ
ΰɣ
Բ̲סЦĪǽˮˣôˣ˺޳ܣҲ¶Ϊһ鱦ƤҪˣ
ԨҵսƷҲܽ㡣ҡͷܾ˵
ԼȻҪʹԨһ鱦ԼòҲˡ͸棬ǵȻܣ
ҿһЩԴּæ˵
ͲҪ˵ˣҲܽԨ㡣ԨҴԶã룬ԶǰؾɱˣõսƷҲδй黹ɣҴԶϵõսƷҲ黹ЦЦ
仰ٴóԶԡֻǣжԾԵĺɱ⣬ǿˡ
ҿǾһʯɣһԣǶԾգգۣɫԳ˵
˵ǣؾѾٴιرգǻǽʯһһҲþ뿪λҲ˵
ðɣȻҶ뿪ǾͲʱˡ
ǽؾڻõʯңӦĻ֣ԴһҪԴ˵
ߣ׷ȡԼؾڻõʯ˵òʯġʯ鱦ʯȻʦʦݣҲ޷鱦
ȴû
ϼҪõʯ㽫ʯ档
ٶˣһһʯһһЩԼҪԴЩŵ˵һνؾջ
Խʯأóһʱ֮󣬳ֿԣͷ˵
ǸҲʯһԴҡҡͷ˵
˵ʲô΢΢һ£ʯ϶ࡣ


1229 
Ȳ˵ԽؾʱԼҵʯǱɱԶϵʯһ֡
Խ˵ʲôʯһԴ
˵ҺܱǸҲʯһԴóԴûҪġԼ
Լʯʲôʶĺȵ
ͲҪˡ˵ؾҵʯԼǲʯһԴҲǿȶ԰ɣûס졣
ſڣٴβ֪˵ʲôˣ
ԽѵпǣǶԶκɱԼֶαŪƿԣ澡ʧ
ƫƫȻŭ㣬޷ֳʵǣʼգԽվס˵ôѵܲ
ûڳȻ뽲
ɫöΣջû˵ʲôʱ
ˣǾȸˡ´ؾʱټĳ棬˹֡
˵ͳɬ³֡
λҲȺǡ
Ƭ֮Լߣһͬ뿪ؾ
ǰϪճе·ϡ
Խ񣬹ǿĴָ϶Ц˵
ǰóǸϼһԱˣ治ǣԽֻһͨ񶼲ǡҲЦ˵
Խ㿴λ޲ˡ쳩˵
λ˹ˡǫ
һҲûţϼһǰǿƵúܡؾʱǶԶ͸ֺˡһΣ˽ˣ˵Ԫˡ
ǰԽ㻹ǵСһ㡣ĶɲǺܴڳ֮ǰòҪ뿪ˣһЩ֮µġλ˵
ȷʵҲǺ⣬ѾСĳİбϾϪ򣬾붼Զ
ȻԽߣԽûìܳͻؾ֮ڣԽҲûлɱߡ
ȻǶԾ˿Ҫԭ򣬻ǿؾԵǱŵ˵ԾԱֳĿǱֻҪɾ;ԲǼ֮¡ΪŶϣܴ
Ŷ񰡣һЩľŶ񣬶սƥ֮ߡ׿ŽãȻбҪġ
̸ţϪߣҲ͵˶ϪճСҾ͵÷ֿˣ򣬲һ·
óۣԵ˳
һʮϪ򣬵ǻȥʱȴֻʮˡˣԶؾ֮ڡ
ϣ򵥴˸к㽫Լڷڡ
ʱ򣬵ϼķƣòϼͷųˡ
ȥ֮
һգһеĲϼܿǿڲռ߸񻷣ļµ۾ϸ
Կһͺȡ

һɴϢ˲Ϣ֮ڡƬ֮£һжռڵ͵˱㡣
·磬˻Һɫ޴ڵ־ѹ޷Ϣ
ǡ򣿡۾һ
ϼЯȻ
ͷŵܣþԶܸܵĺ⣬⻹Ŀ֮¡ǵͷų򡭡
զҡҡͷ
ʵ뵽ϼֶġˣóľһֶܣƺҲȻ顣
򡢽ˮڵǶսʹתĿбŷ˷ܵĹʡ
ڵľԣֻ¶ѹͨǿˡЩͨռһЩոս񣬿һֳͨûա
ȻˮǺ鱦ǾԼա
һʱ䣬ԶϤϼ򡣵ȫϤ֮ϼ˷䡣
ʱ䣬ִﱱϪӦûĸµʱ䡣
ӷ뿪󣬾˴֮Уʱʮҵۼһʱ䣬̸ģǹھԡ
Եĳ֣ʱΪ֮һ
ӨĿתھԵϣɸ֣վ


1230 ƨ
Խʦ֣
Խʦ֣
Խʦֳˡ
ڶݵĳ֮ڣ˷ļˣվηžԹ
һĻҲЩúЦǵõӱǰʱҲЩˣϵĴ֮Уʱѹû
Σȫһˡ
ؾ֮ڣ̽նɱħþԵһʱ
Գ˵ͷĴк
Խ磡ӨԾ΢΢ϣ͸һ˿Σһ̬һĻڳĲˣЩˡ
ʮڶĸӨӣɼһߡ
Խ硣Ҳ¶ȵĽһ
λӺáԹ˹֡
ҶɣֻҲھͺá󣬾ֶЩȻվŵ߰ڰ˵
Ȼ⣬ûĸҾô
üֻߵһʯ¡º˲Ŷ½
ҪһЩˮʳ
ʱһɫӵ˹
Խʦ֣һһ
žžžһǺݺݵԼ˦˰ơ
һ죬ڶ
һӣʦ֣ǰ顢ʦ㣬еĵطڣҸʦʦִ˴һΡ
Դ֪նɱħһûһɹʱ޿̲ڵģԻҲ촺Բߣ촺ˣԽʦת
ᣬˡ
ݵİԿһԴ˶
ʵϣһȷʵԼˡѵͳˣȵڣһˣھиͲʲôһЩϵðҲûϡ
һ㲻ˡԿһ˵֮ǰ飬ûмƽϵĴ㡣ֻҪԺ㰲һЩȻ׷㲻š
˵һ΢һڣΪЩʲô˵Խʦǿ߷ϴҲ˵ԼųС
лʦ֣лʦ֣һ͵գžԼһѿЦݡ
԰ڰ֣һСȥ
ļʱ䣬Ծһֱ֮С
ӨӣҲһ뾰Խ̸ҲֻǼ򵥵Ӧȷʵ̫ϲӨŮˡƯƯΣ
ǶӣʮҲһԥ͸ɱˣ
Ե̬ȣӨӵȻоõԶԺ壬Ҫȶеöࡣڣ֪ˣ϶Ⱥǰøáֻǣˡ
ʱһζ
һգۣ뱱ϪճС˸죬һصǡ
֮ۡڡ
һУԺ
Խʲô㣿ɫۡԴ㾡ʹãҿ
ɫЩأһʱû˵
ĳǸϼһ㲻̫ġڸۡڣûκΰ취жԸ㡣ҲаնԸΪǵĳı
Զ˶٣ڣʵҲ̫ĳ档
ҵĵ̻ᣡԿûǣ̻ĸ߼ǰҪɱ
ʱ䣬ۣӦûжʮҲŻִʼǰǲŹڵ˻ʼ󣬿ܾͻнһĶϪѰҲ˵ʮ꣬ǰıᵽ
ûаգʮ֮ڣ۳Լˡ
̻᣿̻ᣬҲϤϪճкͷ̻ķֲڣ̻г𣿡
ԵͷԼӰɳۣǰ˵һ顣
һΪ᳤̻һ߼ϣҳݡҽȥ޻أĻ˵
Ե᳤̻ü᳤̻֡һŶǿߡɾֻǵһ߼ϣû˵ǰ֣ҲԪˡһԪƨ
쿴˿ԣ˼΢Խ۳ˣʺսֻ̾ǽǰ᳤̻ƥСʱȫӣǰҲκβԽһë
ǰΪǣ᲻ᶯ̧̻Ŀ˵
ԽġҸȷǰදԼյһϣʸ̻᣿΢۾ĵ


1231 һǿ
̻ڲ߼Ҳ١ЩϣҲо
뵽ϣв̨׿Ͷǰ߼ϲģҲǱ𾴰ˡ
ԣҲͷˡ
ʱ䣬ҪˡԾڱϪ
񾳽綼ǣͨУĵˣλɽɽҲ˵ǰϣǾܶԸġгһƹƾԼ
ԣʱҪĻˣ񡣵ʱǰʼʼҲһЩ
ãҪ£鲻Խ΢Ц
ͲãڱϪ֮ڡһǿĸ߼ʦֻҲҲڶ
Խ˵һҪ顣£ϵش󡣡ͻȻɫҲѹ͡
һ졣
ܲܶԽаҪԽܲڰ˰֮ڣΪ񣡡˵
˰Ϊ
üʱ䣬ܳǵ˾磬һαչϰ궼ڣĦʱ֡ҪȻ˰̤񾳽磬Իûо԰
Լɻ졣
Խɽ˽𣿡תʵ
ɽȣ˵֮УɽȵĹǿߣԶ˵
ʱ򣬾Ծ˵ɽȡҲֻ˵δй˽⡣
ɽ磬ǳ׵Ĵڡ˵ɽ٣ÿһǼǿǿߡǹˣܶΪһˡ
ô˵˵ͷ
¹ȷʵƵһˡ˵һλߵ¹һɱЩɳˡ
ߣһɱ

ߣһɱ¹жôֲ
ɽȣÿʱ䣬ٰһŻᡣŻᣬֻвһܹμӡң񾳽硣
ҪԽ˵ľǣ˰󣬱㽫ٰһŻᡣԽŵ˵츳ŻϣпͻƼġ˵
ͻƼ磿Щסˡ
ѾǸոմӵ͵ʲôͷˡ
һ;ļѡôﵽ񾳽磬츳кܴϵ
Ƚ̤񾳽磬ֻ¼꼸ʮ걻һ綼
ȴ˵ŻϣͻƼ磬ܲԾ
ҿɲǿʣʷϣͨμӹһŻᣬﵽŶĲΡ
˼ʱ֪˵Ŀ϶ʵ
ҪμŻᣬͱ񾳽߲СҸղԽ˰ڣܲ˽񡣡һ¡
Ҿصͷ

ۡأ񹬵ȪԼ̻ϵĸ߼ңǿˡ
ʹۡҡ
ûмȥԴĸңڷĻۡϵ񾧼࣬Ȼǰһʱϰ񾧣Ȼһǧ֮ޡ
ûֱҪһЩߵȼ񾧣Լ񾧣һ߼񾧡
һö߼񾧣ֵһһ񾧡һԣͶһö߼񾧣ķһ񾧡
߼Ȼ󣬵̺ҲǺֲܿġ
Ħʱʹ߼񾧴߶Խʱ٣άڶʮӡңһö߼񾧣ṩĦʱġҲ˵һʱ䣬ֻҪΪĦʱṩһö߼񾧡һ꣬һö߼񾧡
Ķһ˵޷ܡԣȫںĵ׬ȡ񾧣ɵúܡ
ʮܿȥ
ʮ꣬Ħʱ֮£ʱ䡣ʱ䣬þԵͨɹΪˣǾյĵˡ
֮⣬Եͽ򣬶о硣ȻûдﵽڶҲڶԽԽ
ʮأĵѾ׻ָ
غ뾰Լ棬һ˵ؾɱ˶ԶκҲݺݵƣĿǾ壬Լûֳ
ݵϢ˼죬ԺٴοʼʱչءˣΪ׼
֮Ħʱ֮£ǧʱ䡣
ʱ򣬾յķ֮ѾﵽһǧһһЩǻԵķ
ʱ򣬳ˣһգڣھŷ


1232 
Ħʱ֮£ѾΪ񾳽磬׼˳ǧʱ䡣
Уޱȳӯת֮УȺ
Ǭ¯֮ǰԽƵ浤Ĳȡ׼ĵ浤һ¯¯ıƳ
浤񵤣ÿһ¯ֻܳɵһšΪӳ񾳽ĳɹʣһΣֻʮεʯӦĵʯ飬ȫƳɵ浤ͻƵʱָͷ
ڵľƵ浤Ȼǲκ©ÿһ¯ԶƳɹ
ȫϣеĵ浤һʮ֮ࡣ
Ӧ㹻ʹˣӡ
һ񹦣֮ת

ڲһ񹦵֮£Եĵн
Ӿͻ񣬵һǵ񺣡
ߵĵԳɿռ䣬ڲΪһ˵ʵԽǿߣռԽܹҲԽࡣ
ԵĵǷǳ֮УԵĵռģָҲˣԵۻޱȡ
Ҫ񺣣һֿݱĹ̡
񺣣ҲΪߵĵڶ磬߶еĸ硣
ڵ񺣵ʱҪļֲңߵ꣬ҲмǿҪ󡣹гԴǲеģߵ޷ֵݻôͻƾͻʧܡ
һʧܣߵкܴӰ죬ߵĵͬп޸ˡ
֮ǰͻʧܵµǾƳϼֻα˳Ϊ׼ˡ
ڲһķ¿תԵĵռ䣬ʼšͬʱһ֮Ƕӡ֮С
СĵĿš
һöö赤ȸߵȵҩҲ̷ȥھǰ߼񾧣ͬɢҫ۵Ĺ⻪·γһӿ뵽Եڡ
һˣ
ԶԼݻ񺣣ƵüΪϸ¡꣬ÿһ΢Сı仯
һľͻͻƳɹ˳Ϊ񺣣ռԼ屶ӡ
һЩͻľڵΪ񺣵ʱÿռų屶
ԽߵʵҲԽǿԽۻ롣ȻΪ񺣵ʱԽͣҪĵԴԽ࣬ҪͬҲ͸
ˣ

ռѾ屶ԾԵЩܡ
񺣣һľ񣬼޾屶ռ䡣ֻʼߵߣпܳ屶
һ񣬿ɲָЩͨ񣬶ﵽ񾳽籾û
磬߶٣ܴﵽ񾳽ģж٣һݣһҲš
Ҳ˵һУҲֻзǳٵĲ֣ڵʱռ󵽳屶ģ
ʱ򣬾ԵѾǳƣ롣ȴûκθоȻ߶һķ񺣿ռ䡣
˴Դ֮󣬾ݱ񺣣ٴοٵ
ˣǳãⲢҵļޡת
߱˱ű
񺣣ռ˾űģ֮󣬾Եݻֹͣ
񺣿ռ䣬֮ǰռű
ʷϼ㲻ΨһҲҲٸ߱ռ䣬ǶǼ׺Ĵˡ
ڵ񺣵ʱ򣬿ռ߱δضܴﵽΡбȽϴܣﵽŶΡܽռ˱ֻҪزۣضܴﵽŶΣȾָ֮
ȻһĳɾͣҲֱӾߵ;һЩݻֻ屶ҲܴﵽŶĲΡ˵ٵÿ
ʼȹ񺣣ԸӦ޷֮󣬱ȹ񺣣÷֮Լĵڶ硣
ݻʱ򣬷֮ͲǶ롣ǱȽģѾŵޣȹȻкܳһ·Ҫߡ
ھ˵һѡĲһ񹦷ǳǿ󣬹ڶ磬˵ǱŹ̻Ҫɵö࣬Ҳȵļ
ʱһĹȥ
Ħʱ֮£ϰʱ䡣
һգԵ֮ڣһɺ嫵ͻȻһҫ۵ĹĻʵ񺣡ɫ֮У֮תš
ԸоԼڵʵ֮ǰ֪׳˶١Զν֣ӦüоܽԷ
ȻȹˣǾȴκεиһҪģǾˡ


1233 ߰
ɱ䣬۲ѡ
پ񺣿һȴһ߽⡣
񺣿֮󼴱ȹ̳ɹ޷۳ˣ񺣾ͷ·û壬һʱ֮󣬾ͻ
񺣻𣬵Ҳܵ޴ˡ֮ǰʧܵµĵش
ˣ˵ǶԷǶӡ񺣵ķ֮Ϊ۳Լˡ
ҲһľˮֻҪֱ۳һӦԵˣַһĸ
öۺҲһ塣ڵڣγһǵ״
ͿԻԷˣΪĻԷǿл֮Դδ֮УȻԻԷǿЧʡ
͵һ¡
ٲٿ֮ڵĻԷʼۡ
˵Ḷ́ЩĹ̡
Ŀ£һһ򣬿ٵĿʼӡ
ȻٶȺܿ졣̣Ǻġþ˵Է򣬾Ҫ⼸ķȫγһ壬ǶôӴĹ
أҲûκΰ취ˣûнݾߣκҪΪ񣬶ҪһҪɣǽ˵αˣǸǳ򵥣һͨľҲ
ʱ䲻ϵš
˵ʱ򣬾ԿɲҽĦʱʱ䡣
ƵҩԶʱ䣬Ҫ˵ͻƾˡһ©ϸ΢ĴǾٲĺ
ʮ֮ھԵ֮УһųɫΪʵʵĹΣɼ
ԷˣѾ˳Ρ
۾գָһһŵ浤̷ȥˣʵ̫̫ˡ֮ǰ񺣵ʱ򣬾ȻҲƣ룬ܼ֡
ڵƣ뵽һ̶ȣԾͻ̷浤
һ֮󣬻ˣھԵ֮Уԡ
öˣ۳ɹˡ
һҪģԵˡָ˵ۣȻҪ˼ࡣ򵥹򵥣ɲ˵˾ͲҪ
ĸˣȱһǾԲеġöһ壬һ޷άƽ⡣뾰ʱ򣬲ֻԷһûԷз֮ռ̫
һƽ⡣
У۵ˣˮˣľˣǽˡ
֮󣬾Էֱԡˮ˶ϣʼľˡ

ףֻû𣿡վڸǰ
ҡͷϴͬʱչغ󣬾ûдڳ
ⶼʱȥˡ
ɹˣ̤񾳽磬ɲԽĶ¡˵
ڵ񾳽ߡ֮ǰűչضĵѳɹݻΪ񺣡֮УöĲͬԲͬɫˣɢǿܡ
ǾƵľϼⱲӻϾֻ׼ˡ˵Զ֮
״ˣⱲǲֶġ˵
šͷ
ף˵ˣ᲻ⰡʵôǿԶζɱˣֻ±˻ҪѵöࡣܳɹˣҲеһʧܻܾĹ֣͡ȴȫǵһΡЩĵ˵

Ļеġһʵǿľ̤ѶҲӦӡ
Խ츳ܱȵġһξ۳ɹƬ̲ſ˵ֻǰοԼ
ţҲﲻæֻܿԼˡףȥչأ񺣳ӯ˵
ȥɣڰ֡
ˣֹһٶ꣬ٴγء
һΣ񺣳ӯһ
񾳽ߣ򳬼ͨѶȻήͺܶࡣǵˣ򳬼ͨкܴĸáԣЩͨҲкܶ඼ճ̤ͨ񾳽ʱܳߡ
ʱͺǿ֮ǰħռɱٶʱħܽħǰ壬˵ǿ̤񾳽ͨ򣬵ҲǱȽ顣
ףء
ǰǰ󣬶˽߰ʱˣɾȴһֱûгءһαչأнӽʱ䡣
òģǲʱ⡣
Ҳһر顣


1234 ѹ
ʹõң쵱Ȼʱ򿪡
ֵģԼ³çΪӰ쵽ˡǹˣ֪˵գݲзֺʧ
ٵȵȿɣϲ˵
ҲֻܳĬͷ
˲֪ʱǬСڵľԣȷʵҪĹͷ
һĸö˵ۣѾһö˵ۡҲ˵ö˾˳
Ⲣǽ
ԻҪö˴ǳΪһ塣
֮ǰƵʮŵ浤Ѿһˡ
ԵĶͷϣһſŶ󺹵Σ壬ȫ
ԺԼһ̤ȥһ̤ȥĵ·ܾһƬڰˡ
ҿһŭ
ţֱӽʢŵʯƿȡ˹ʮεʯ飬һ򣬾һ롣
õʯ壬ͬʱԶԷ֮ĿҲȻࡣ
ԿԿԼɫˣͷųֹٶȣԵļӿ졣ԭμΣǿʼӡ
ˣӣɹ
ˣˮӣɹ
ˣľӣɹ
ˣӣɹ
ȫӵɲǣöˣΪһͼޱߵ
ţ˳׼Ӵ񺣡
ˣ
֮ڣ֮ٵת
ڶ磬ɣ
ſ죬Ц
̤񾳽硣ӴԺվĶˡ
ޱȵϮ龰ȫ
ϲˣϲˡ̤񾳽磬ӴԺ󣬳ư磬ָտɴСڵð˳
СҲ֪Ѿ̤񾳽磬ԲŻᴫǲӰ쾰Եġ֮ǰļʱСھûзκ
ûСڣٴα۾ʼָƣ塣
ͻָòˡԣ߼񾧣ӯ񺣡
̤񾳽֮󣬾Ե壬Ҳ׳
֮󣬾Գءˣö߼Ҳһˡ
áվ֮⣬ۡĿ
ಣ
Ըմҳ츸ӣʹӵ˾ǰ죬۾žԡھԵϣо޵
֣۳ɹˣȷʵ
Ӧϵķ̫ԣ֪ǲ̤񾳽硣
š֣ҲˡԿ˿ЦЦ˵
̫ˣ̫ˡ˷ܵĽк˵ûҲˣ񾳽硣
ϲϲ΢Ц
ͬϲͬϲҲЦ۾
һֵصӡԽʹһΣһԣ˵
ðҾ֣ͣʹĺһԵͷ
ȵȵȵȣȲżȾơȴ֣Ƕ̤񾳽磬ȻȻ
žԡ
ҲЩ̤񾳽磬һʱҲǺơЩʱ䣬Ҳûʲôûᣬ֤һԼʵжǿ
ھԳأҲ̤񾳽磬ⲻһԼʵĺû
ھʱ򣬾ͻɱ˶ԶΣս뺷ޱȡ
Ҫ֡ǵʵԽȣ쿴
ôһѵ⣬ʵ˵ˡ
޷ġּȻȻȻǾһ¡԰ڰЦ˵
̫ˡ˷
֣׼ˡһС
˵䣬ͷųϼûóͷŽ
оһǿѹҲǺɣԼͷ˳ֳͨ˲Ӵ
ռ΢΢һ
žһ֮
ԿͷŵĳֽɫԼٶȱ
һɽХĿܣԸٶѹȶɫ䣬ӡ
ͣͣͣ˲ˡҡͷġ
֪ԺǿҲûΪԼܻܾԡǣȴ벻뾰ԵĲ࣬ôھԵǰǲһӡ
Ǵ˰ԭΪԼ㲻羰ԣ˲Ҳ̫󡣿ڿ֮Ĳ࣬Ȼһǵ
˽
ǡҲԼŰ˷ۣݺݵĴϢ˼һߡ
μ򵥵ĽҲǺ֮ͽ顣ڲԶ죬ú


1235 
һλǿߣԾԺʩչкϸ¡жϡ
ǾԵĽ򣬻򣬶ǵһ򡣶ң˶½˵ߡ
˵˵ʱ䣬ҪȾԻһٶꡣǵ˵Ӵȴһ˵ʲô
Ŀ˾һۡ
λԽ츳ǿ˼ʡ̲סпʾԵʡ
ԽڵʵЩԪҲ塣ž˵
ڿޣʵǡ
Ҫ֪ͨԪĲ࣬ǷǳġУһһǵ˵˼ǣ˽ÿһĲ࣬ǵʵѿԽ
񾳽ʱսǿ񣬶ǿԽɱսġ˵ܾڵ͵ҲǷǳ
ǵ񾳽Ǿȫһˡ
һ˵ԪȫԺɨͨ˵츳ҲǺǿģ̤񾳽ͨУֱӾʹﵽһǿĳ̶ȡһͨԪҲֻбɨȫûлᷴ
ΣͲʺھˡ
ΪˣвŻô𾪡
ˡҲûԪ潻ֹȻȻ˵
ЦЦû˵ʲô

ʮ֮һִۣճС
һߵ
ճкͷ֮󣬴ϣԡ˷¡
ûճе飬ֱͨ󣬽֮ڡ
Ǽʱȥ
ԽϼУǰˡпҰϣ߷еľ˵
ϼУϼڵĵ̡
ϼڣǺ֮һǸߵڵӴ
ŻƼôҪϼڿ²ҰԶԴĿģеϣǺܴ
һµߣҪμɽȾٰŻᣬҪӵƼġ
ƼǳϡȱеҲֻһƼṳ̂񾳽磬϶ԡ
ǣҲҲܲμŻᡣŻᣬȻȻޱҪ
뽫øԣ֮ǰĶ顣ô̹Ȼܣ
ƼֻһԺȴˡⲻôһ˲ܲμŻᡣ
ͨķʽҲסеֻһƼЩ͵ûƼԣ˭ȥ
žԺϼڡ
ԽҪ룬ΪϼӦǻԽһġԽʵϼڲμŻᣬǶϼҲž޴ĺô
˵ϼڣҲһ㱡ġҿڵĻŵλӦҲӵġοϼƼġתĿ˵
죬ϼڳģҲϼڵĵӡ
ϼȻӴ󣬵ڶࡣǣܳΪһеĵӣԲࡣô˵춼ϼڵĽ
ô˵Ҳ͵˵ͷĵǶ˼֡
Уϼڽ֮ǰ˰ĵȴš
ڽ֮ǰѾͨѶʯѶŵڣֻҪŵ˳ӭӽȥǡ
ϼ֮ڡ
ˡФ£ǰĶ˵һ䡣
ˣ΢΢һ
ǰʱӦõ֮ˣûʲô飬ȥɡФµͷޱ˵
ϼڣһ£ФµĻ飬ѳϰʱ䡣
ƽʱţФ¿ҲԽӴֻڣȷʵûǷ顣
ãȥ졣вʱ䣬ûˡ£ת뿪˴Фµķ䡣
ϼڵλǾŶ񾳽ĿǿߣȻ񾳽磬ҲǺܽӽŶˣе̳
ФԣŮߡ
죿ú󣬶͵ϼ֮⣬һۿ졣
æ
ȻͬվϼڳȥĵӣǰȻŹ̬
Խλϼڶˡ϶ԾԽ˵
ԽȮ΢Ц˵
Ժ


1236 ľ
ĻĿ⣬ھ϶ͣƬ̡
֮ˣΪڽܾԵʱ򣬳֮ΪԽֱӽԽ֡
˵ӦòǼ
΢ջĿ⡣ԽͲھͣǿжԽ񾳽ߡ
Եķǲһ񹦣Ϣ书Чͷǳǿ̤񾳽磬ⲿ͸ǿˡȻǶ񣬵ȴûйоȻ޷Եľ͡
ӦǺ̤񾳽磬Բŵõĸӡת
Ƕλؿְһ£ֿҲɣ룬ӦòꡣܲѾ񾳽ˣǰ;Զ˵ܴﵽ㸸׵ĸ߶ȡ
֪ӣ˳һ䣬Ҳ֮
ߣվˣǽ˵΢Ц˵
ĸˣϼڿռ䡣
ʱԶԴĿģǿ˲١ϼڶҲŶԳӭȻ˵ȻѾ뿪ϼڣϼڶȻΪӡ
Ũһϼڿռ䣬ԵĿͲ
֪ϼһмؿռ䡣һռԶ񹬵ھŹҪŨöࡣ
ȻŨ̶ȣҲϪŨ̶ʮϰٱ
Ҳѹкܶ͵ߣϧһҪǰߵѰһԵߵȷʵȵ͵ǿ̫̫ˡ˰Ŀռ䣬ԴҲġ
δ͵ĴͣԵ˸ϼӦŨһռ䡣񹬵Ȫռ仹Ҫá
УͶһᡣ
죬ϼڣ£һתʵ
¶顣Ҳеƽûй򡣴ӱϪһһأ·Ͼ͵˷ϰʱ䡣
˴ǰȷʵ¡ѯʣֱӵţҪһμɽŻ
ʲôһ
Ŀ⣬ʶĿ˿ԣֿ졣
һŻƼԽȴˣǶҪȱһ˵
üͷû뵽ιҪһŻ
ֱˡ
죬Ӧ֪ϼڣֻŻɣӦ֪ϼһвٵİɣӦ֪һŻжɣܸһɣҿΪѾ⡣
ܿǲ٣ԶԶﲻһŻĳ̶ȡ
ŻϼԼ٣ôͣ
ȱ𼱣˵ЦЦ
ԽԼϼڣΪϼڵӡ˵£֮ǰ뾰Ҳͬʱϼڡ
ϼڣƽ޹ʵҪ˼һŻȷʵЩ֡
ϼڣٴοԣҡͷҲУϼڵͲáԽռţ͵õһζӽ
ԽʵɲЩܱͨȵġԽϼڲμŻᣬҸұ֤ϼھԻмĺô켱æ˵
죬㲻˵ˣҲҪǣڴܲͬ£ǲܵġԣҾ㻹ǲҪ¡ϼסһʱ䣬һͬǰ硣Ȼҡͷ
磬ɽȵڡҲɿ򣬵ǧ򷶳ڡߣһȽϰ߳硣
鲻ãѵʲôˣüʵ
ţųһ£ľ⡣˵ͷ
ɫһĵѹԼϼں󣬸оռڵŨ̶Ȳǰԭľ⡣
ǹϵδĴ£϶ˡ
ľ˼˶
Ӳһ񹦴ϣ֪ľϢ統֮ر̶ȣܿʮ֮ûʮ֮УҪԭǣΨһġԵĻ֮ԴΨһġ
Ҳ˵磬ֻһ֮ԴҲڶ
Ҳףľϼ˵϶ҪĶռ񹬵Ҫ̶ȡ


1237 ʧ
һ֮ڣЩܹ඼ľ֮ⱦؾ
ĸ񹬣ȷƵĿռؾȻӴһǴԽҲѷչ
ϼ֮ܳΪ֮һľһľΪϼڿռ䣬ԴԴṩľһľ⣬ӰľŸ
ľô⣿ü˵
ľŶ֮أڵĵطҲвǿķƽʱڣλһЩ̫ϳ֮⣬һӾûʸӽľġ
£ľô⣿
ʲô⣬ҲҲֻǣ԰ǰʼľͷŵԽԽ٣ҿԸӦľڼһڳȻż޲ߣڵʦͬҲ֢ڡ̾Ϣһҡͷ
죬ʱ䣬ʵǲɡƽʱõʱ򣬻㻹лҪһŻڡЩĪ˼
죬Ҳһʧ
ԭΪԼԹڣټԽԸϼΪŲμŻᣬҪһϣǺܴġֻԸȻãʵȴܲпᡣ
ʶĿ˿ԣͻȻһȻԽɲѰʦݡ
δԽҲ⡣Խ֣ŵľ˵תԾԵĵǴĵ
ڲʹñ˰£Ƴϼϼڲʦ޷ľԽȴδ
ʲôȵĽһҲԡ
ͨ񣬾Ȼʦ
ԽǸ߼ʦڵϵʵǳǿ󡣡͸˷֮ɫ
߼ʦ΢΢
ܸоԺᡣΪˣԲŻ⡣ͣǸ߼ʦģЩš
⻰׿˵ġԽ˲Ǹ߼ʦ˵
Ҫ˵챻Խƭˣƺףһһеôױƭģ
ԽԸæ𣿡쿴˾ԡ
ԸⲻԸϼľҪԵ˼Ӧеġ
ȻǿԵġԵͷҿû̫İա
˵ǰͷǬȻǿľûҲȷ֢ڣȻѻ˵ظ֤ʱһ޷ƣǿɾ̫ˡ
ԽӦˣ²˳٣βھȥľԴӦϲɫ˵
мԽĿ˾һۡ
Ǹ߼ʦԽҲ
ھ͸ͨѶת˵
˵ţֱȡѶʯФ´ѶϢ
ܿԹԾԵЦЦ
ûȶãһӰͿٴ˽
˺
ԺˣҲվ˹
죬ûˡФ¶ĵ˵ͷ
ϼڴǾŶ񾳽ǿߡ죬ǰҲһε컹ҲκεĲá
Ф˵ʱĿͬʱ˾ԡ
Ƭ̺˫üŶεʵԾԵжϣҪҪȷࡣ
Ѷ˵죬һλ߼ʦЩڴɵԲһʱڴ˳ĺˮһ㽵ȥ
ͣǸ߼ʦж
֮ڣкüλ߼ʦЩ߼ʦһľֵûκΰ취
鱾Ͳãڣ͸Ӳʹˡ
죬˵ҪһŻФ½ĿӾƿʵ
ǵģԽμɽŻᣬڲһŻͷ˵
֣Фµһȡ
Ż壬ܲҪ㵽ôģеô»³çФֱӾͺǳ졣
⻰ü˼
챻Фô𣬱Σɫһһס
ԽԴϼڲμŻᣬʵǿŻһԴŹʡңԽǸ߼ʦݣŵľ˵


1238 翵¥
ȻܲζҲûмִФµ˼
ϾϼڳȥĵӣûϼڣҲûʱա̬ȲãҲֻš
ߣ
ϼǿԣϼڣҲܵõƼŻڣһµӣһ۰ͰͶФһ
Ͳ󣬲ѾߡԵ츳϶뺷ҪϼڣûоܾĵҪһŻ̸
ľ˼ƽϣͲҪ鷳λʦˡФ˵
ֵĵĺǿһʵ̲סˣ˵
죡˵أФȵȫ档
죬ô˵ĶСˡ
ŭɫǺ죬ɽĻҲ˵ȥˡ
ĻǾ͸ǰɣЦЦ˵
˼̬ˣʲô˼ڿϼõһŻϣӽˡϼڵľȻ⣬ȻҲûԼ鿴˼
Ҫƨɣ
ӭǾ˺ˣ
һ̾
ǾͲˡ칰˹ֵ
죬뿪ЩǸ⡣
ͳϼںֻصФǰ
ղ̬ȣǲЩ̫ü΢
ҹ֣Ф¿죬ϼɫĵ֮һ˵ſǺܸ˵ġǣȻ˻ҪŻ治֪ôġ
Ż壬ܲҷŭԭ򡣡Ф±˫ֵ
˵ԽǸ߼ʦݡңҿԽȴѾ񾳽硣ü˵
ţǽԽȷʵ󣬱ͻҪСûӦòһꡣФµͷʦݡ
ӦòſڿӣԸǶ˽ġӿ˵
Ǹ߼ʦΣڣ߼ʦҲü˲鿴ľһľڵô죿Фһ⡣
Ҳ˵ˡ
ѵõ嵤ʦĻѶФ¼Ĭһ˵
ʲô嵤ʦѶˣ¶һĨĵľϲ֮ɫ
ûڸղţ嵤ʦԻѶңӦǵ󡣲ңȷ˵֮ڣִϼǡФҲ¶һ˿Цݡ
̫ˣ嵤ʦ֣ŵľоˡޱϲ˵
ϼ֮⡣
Խû뵽Ǹ˵ˣʵǺܺõġֻʱ򣬹ڸˡ
ҡͷ
ˡϼڲңҲ˭ءЦЦ
Ȼкǲãûбֳ
ԵĻҲֻõͷȥۡʱҲͬԾԲΡ
ףǸô죿ϼڵŻûϣˡҪ׵ǸƼǸְɡʵôǿμŻᣬ϶Ƶöࡣվһ˵
ŻῪʼмʮʱ䣬һһɡҲڶҾƼԽμŻᡣ˵
Կ˿ˣû˵ʱˣֻһܲμŻᣬ϶Ƽ
˼Ҵֿѣܴģ
ϼǣӦȥݻһҵһλѡ˵Խ˼أ
ǺǣҸǡûκ飬ЦЦ˵
յʱ
ˣһԲν֮ǰ
翵¥
⽨֮⣬дĸֵҡһ䵤¥˵ѣ翵¥¥֮ǰ컹ϼڵӵʱ翵¥¥ʶҽꡣ
翵¥ǾӪҩ⡣¥ˣȴʦݣһˡ翵¥ںȴзǳǺϵ¥֮һ
죿ôˣ
ܿģ˾ͼ翵¥¥һİСƤڵӡϢ񣬾Ըоλ¥ΪӦò֮¡
ôӭҪǲӭ̧žߡ쿪Ц˵
ӭ˭Ҳӭ㣬ƴ¥ȵ˵
ó翵¥¥Ĺϵȷʵ硣


1239 ǿ׳
λѣ췽Ҳࡣ
ѣҶӣСʱǼġָָ
Сӣһת۶ôˣ˵ף񾳽磿ǲСһ츳Ҫ㸸׻ǿŬﵽŶҲϣܴ󡣡
塭졣
λԽǸ߼ʦȽܾԡ
Ȼ仰ȵɫһ¡ΪԵҲһû뵽Խһ˵Ǹ߼ʦ
ԽУȵıɫ˲١
ûԽȶԾԹ˹֣֮Ϊ𾴡
һ߼ʦֵ𾴡ǿ¥ģ߼ʦӴȻкôûġ
¥ˡԹֻ
ѣɱ˵û㣬ԽʱǻϼǣԽӦпУûԽ¯ҩǿԼʧЦ˵
һ
ѣҽʱ򣬺񿴵ٸ߼ʦûת˵
ǰһʱ䣬ҿ˷ϲ¾ˬ죬Ӧûعϼ˰ɣϼڵľ⣬ⲻټ߼ʦϼľҲˣʮ߼ʦۼǳ桭
ϼΪ֮һӰȻö˵
ϼڷ󣬱һ߼ʦ˷۵ϼǡһЩڵ򣬶߼ʦרŹ
ԹȵͷԣȻ޴̻ԾһЩ߼ʦ뵽Լĵ¥֮С
ԭͷѹִںԽ߼ʦԭͷˡ
ˮܿ
һ
ԽߣҴȥʦ
⡭Щʶʶ߼ʦȷʵûʲô̫Ȥ
ûܾȾߡҡҡͷҲֻøȥˡ
һʱĴ֮Уһʮ߼ʦ۵գΪ֡еʦΪ˭Ҳ˵˭ࡢĭɡ
¥һ˽ǲŶʱסڣתĿˡ
Թ¥ʦǱȽϿģϾֶ̳̣׳԰׺ȣ¥Ǵ󷽵úܡ
¥൤ʦվ˹֡
λʦǽһ£λԽҲǸ߼ʦȹһЦܾ˵
Զʦ˹֡
Խʦᣬ֪һ򣿡һʦʵ
ʦǺġĸ߼ʦǻ඼ʶڶԾԣǲʶоİԾжϾԲǺʦ
ǱϪġԻӦ˵
ԭǱϪʦ˵ͷ
žԵĻشвʦ¶˲ΪȻı顣ϪʦôϾֻеѡ
ԽҲһģкԡô˵ҲǸ߼ʦвΪȻҲӸ߼ʦݡ
˳Ҳ
ÿʱ䣬Ҳ֮ڣ߼ʦ۵ʦһԼ˵ֻǰšһЩȽϺЦĵط죬Ҳ˵ʲôȥ
ʱһȥת֮
һ죬翵¥һλĴ
嵤ʦˡ֮⣬˸ߺһ
ţ¥һ۵˽ʵϣ¥Ǹ󣬿ȥЩݡ¥ϣǾηֺõɫ
λ嵤ʦԳǣӭӹġϼǳ⣬˼ʱʱ䣬ڵȵ嵤ʦȻ˼ʱʱ䣬ɹ¥úֵʣ֮ڣм䵤¥뵽嵤ʦ

֮ڣʮ߼ʦһ⣬ȫվһȫ˷֮ɫеӶ죬е˼ڲ
ü
ԭҲվġǸ嵤ʦһǿ׳̬֮оͲһ˿
϶һ£ûվ
嵤ʦ
ˣ
ǰһʺ򣬴ڸ߼ʦз
飬ƺ˵ʺ͹άǿһ̤˽˫֣һµһ̬¶š
ͻȻ֮䣬Ͷס塣


1240 ƥ˭
̫ͻˣ
֮Уʮˣ˾֮ȫվӭ塣Զ벻ͻѡ
ǿ׳죬ҲܿͿľԡ
Ŀھϵʱ֮УѾŨŨĲú
ƺǲı仯ڵڶ൤ʦҲľԡһӣ𶯿ɲСÿж𲨶
Խ񣬾Ȼţ
ѵûǰ
̫ˣ̫ˣˣȻվӭӣѵ֪˭ôܣǱϪеĸ߼ʦҲԲ᲻֪ˡ

û˿ڣÿһˣжƵ˼ţ˿Ե񣬶¶һ˿ϲ
Ĺ¥Ҳһ˭ǲԽʦʲôΪζ嵤ʦĵ޶ԣ
¥۾תĿȣͳ˵
ָˣȻǾԡڳĸ߼ʦ֮УģԲǾһĵʦǺĲҲвĸ߼ʦʶȫˡ
⡭
λԽʦҲƵúܣæЦС˵
ԽʦλȼԾ˵ʾ⣬˼þԿվܵλ嵤ʦ
¥ԶŹЦЦ˸к
Ŀ⣬δƶ
ڳĵʦǣϢ˲١
ȼֱҪˣƫƫֲֻܷòͣĶ˵ûһ˷ȥ
֪𱰵Ķһ䡣
ȻߣռֲǺܴ仰ÿһ˶Ҳ֪嵤ʦˣλԽʦ
üëһ̧Ȼɨ壬Ҫﻹ
ͻȻھߵĽֵʦ䡣
ֶԾҡҡͷִԽʦǧҪ¡λ嵤ʦ۵϶̫ˡ
һʱ䣬Լ춼ԣҲʶЩʦֵĹϵΪܡȻʶãҲѹϵˡֵѣȻǺ⡣Ե壬ȷʵǳǣڵʦӰ̫ˡ
˵۵䣬絤ʦ˾ٰʢᡣʦˣһɢ֯κεʦǵͼʦʱҲʱ뿪
ʦ˾ٰ۵䣬ȴܵĵʦӡ
һĵĹأǾǣֻ۵϶ĵʦĶ߼ʦ壬۵϶ĸ߼ʦΪˣĵλŻ֮ߡ
ô߼ʦһ̾͹̬
磬ÿһ߼ʦ۵϶ԼռĿꡣ
ֵĴٴüﻹôһϣҲȡ뷨ԶԽЦЦû˵
ɾԵͣûӭĿ
ðĻ˶˲֪ûнһ䡣
Եãųı֡
ûӭӣǶ裬ͨķʽʧҲ
֪ûнϵ裬һ˭ܣ
ԵŭһӴ
ƥ˭ȵ
ϷΣ΢һ£û뵽ԸҶײԼͷǳǿƵ˵һ䡣
仰һ˵꣬;ƺЩԡ
ڳʦҲٻع
˵ƥ˭嵤ʦȴӦϷΡⲻǵڳϣԼƥ
һʱ䣬˵ɫ˱䡣ƺЦֲЦֻñţɫͨ졣
Ļ˶Ϸ򣿡۶žԡ
ǿЦЦһƥúõģ󣬾ҡһΣȴΡ¼䣬ѵֻ˾ͲĹأ
㡭ŭ壬ϷȴӭӣϷ㣬ѵã
㻹ǿЦúܣֲʶ㣬ΪҪӭӣԲмƲƲ˵
仰Ϣ΢΢һ˼תת治֪λˡԼȻ󣬿˼Ҷ˵˲ʶԼ˵˼ʶԼҲԲӭӡ
һһףһû˵
ٺ٣ԽʦᣬǴӱϪģ֮ǰ治֪㡣ڻع˵


1241 
֮⣬˵ԹªţǴαһСһʶأ
бԼ˼û̫⡣¥顣۵϶ĶʦСźҲһ˵Ʒԡ
ɫαúû˵ʶԽˣΪԼȲ˵ܲùԷվǽԼݡ
һ׵λ¡
Ҷ˵
лǰʮ߼ʦ׷
ţһȺ˲ϵ˵УƨԾʵûʲô˼뿪ˡ
Խ治񻰣
ǣ˶񣬻°
ǰ̬ȵǻȴ֪Ϊν񡣡

Ը뿪Щ߼ʦһڱ˵ԵĻ
ˣһСˣϷһʶƽ׽Ϸݡ۾Ŀ֮Уϲãȴװһмƽϵӡ

죬Һˣȼ죬Ϳʼˮ
⻰Ӻ˵𣿡һ⡣
֪ȽһȥȺʦ壬Ҳжţ֪һ𵤵ϵĶ
˵֮ǰڴ飬ıҲŹ
죬˵㵽״Խ񣿰Ҫǿϣڿ϶Ὣ˸ϳȥ˵
ʱڴȷʵֺ߾Եͷ뵽Ľ飬ȥ
üѣ뷨ȫġ
ŶɻĿ졣
Խڵ϶Զ嵤ʦ嵤ʦ翵¥ʱڣȷʵкܴôǳԶ˵㽻ԽôԻԶڽ嵤ʦֿ˵
⻰ô˵ȱҲ
ǳ˽⣬޵ķʸˡȻô˵϶ĵ
ʵ˵Խڵϵ±嵤ʦҪǿһЩٲ嵤ʦ˵
ôܣʶĵ
ҡ˹һۣ˵Խڵĵɲ˵δڵԽӦþͲᣬԺֻǿ
ô˵Ȼݵġܵͣһ֮ǰ񾳽ʧܣش޷ָֻоϼſָ
ʲôشҪϼ⣬ϼ̫ˣҶŪ̾˫ü԰֮ǰҼʱѾ񾳽ˡûָܽ񣿡
ִҵĻҡҡͷû
úúã˵ڿʼҲ˵ˡæ
ұһֱѼƾϼĲϡķԴʱ䣬ڽƾϼĲϴ롣£úܡ
ȿ죬˵ѵԽʦƳ˾ϼ
ˣλԽʦĺǿˡƾϼ߼ʦСϾƾϼĸ߼ʦٺ١뵽컰û˵꣬סûпڡ
Ϫǿʦ棬æƾϼ
ʦҲ˵в
ǣ浤ʦֻɵİագҲȷʵûƳϼװ˷һݲϣ˰Լҡͷ˵
۾ԲԼ˵Խˡûʹñ˰Ƴϼ
ʲôⲻܣɫ䣬̲סˣſڶ˵ܡ
ܣЦһþϼȫָ˳ͻƵ񾳽硣
Ŀ죬û˵
Ȼţ֪˵ġ֮ǰˣȷʵ̤񾳽ˣţѾ飬ôм٣
ãȶûп˵ֻ羪κˡ
ѹ֣ѹԽأ˵䵤Ӧò嵤ʦ֮¡ñ˰Ƴϼֱţȥ϶ġ
Һãûɵ¡˺һᣬȲһ˵
ɫһ䣬죬ҸղֻЩԽˡ˵ҪҪȥǸ
뵽֮ǰڴб;Ե˼Щ
˵Щǲ£ԽˡҵۡұԽҲûԣҲȥǸԺעһЩǡҡҡͷ˵


1242 Բ
պ
죬ϵܿߣ
Եķ䣬Ž󣬼æ˵
ϸ磬ҪȥģԿЦá
ȻȥϵҸ˵콲ϾҪʼˡѵõĻᣬԲܴһɫ
壿
֪˵彲ǵԶԴ˿ûʲôȤ⼸죬ûȥǲ뿴廹ЩҪƤ޲ֺļһ
ϸ磬ԼȥɣҾͲȥˡ治ȥ
ϵܰɾͲˡʲôˣҲ˵Ʒжã˵£ĵȷʵǿϵ㲻ϲˣȴ͵ûɣǰƤ̫֪Щ쵰۹⿴㣬ʱ򣬺ƤܳԵÿȰ˵š
˵翵¥ֲȥ㵣ʲôˣȷʵȽϺδΪԵԶ˾ԡ
Գһ¡
ǰ翵¥ֲĵ̡Լαأѡ壿
ðɣǾ͹ȥԴӦ
ʱѾ˵ʦʮңҪȼǰ컹֡
Խ˶Ŀɨ衣еĺ壬Ҳࡣ
Ҫ
ߣǰǰǰôˣ
ǰأǰ
ޣ
һ˫˫񣬳͸żͲмԴˣԷ˷Цһ
յʱ䣬ˡʦǣӭӣʺ򡣶ԣȻһΪĿһ
񣬺ݺݵĴӾ絶һ˹ȥֻһΣûΪ뾰Զ
Ҷºѹѹ֡
½¡
ϻͶ˵ˣҾλ˵һ˵ԼһЩĵá˵òأҾͰһλ˵ĶԼаأҲˡ΢΢һЦòȻӡ
һƬƨ
۾һҲû˵
Ϳʼⵤһ֪ʶȷʵʵһһ׵ģԶòЩˡڵĵʦǣǸӳԣһޱȾ塣
ù۵׵ļһһЩµġа
ҲһЩ°ˡԾ˵ĵԼûʲô˫ڸ߶ԵĲ࣬ȻǾڸߴڵʹǬĵȵģ˵ԣ϶
ĭɣ
Щ¶ĸ߼ʦҲúܡͻȻĿ䵽˾ԵϣƲ죬ԼΪȻӡ
뵽֮ǰСԼΪƥŭð˳
λԽʦֹͣ˽žԡ
ڶĸ߼ʦҲ½ѹ
ৣ
Ŀⶼתԡ
£Ŀ壬ûбõ˼
Ϸ¶мѵǾϷ򽲵ò𣿡ѹŭŬԼƽһЩ
¶һŹֵЦݡ
㽲úòã治֪ҡҡͷ˵
ŶĪϷ򽲵̫ˣ޷а壿Ǹ߼ʦĵʦһһԽ޷ԼýݺݵĲһСԷйͷŭ
ȻڴһƬЦǰǳǳģԽ˾ȻǸ߼ʦ𣿲ƭӰɣ
һ룬пܡǰʱ䣬һȻ۵Ƕû
ˣһʵǣҸû˵ʲôղţ顣
˵ʲôתͷŽαԽСȴû뵽ӭԷһ仰
쵰Ȼ˵ûԼ˵ʲô
ɶֱܴ衣壬ȳ飿
㡭ȻϷ򽲵ΪˣǺȵ
ǺǡЦЦ𣿡
ܼ򵥵һػ𣿼ȻңΪã
סˣһ˫ͨӣҪϢţ񣬺޲Ҫ̻ӡ
ãܺãΪԼڵϵϷҪǿʵڲ֪ôˣԾӲô˵һ䡣
û˵ĻȻô˵ˣҲֻóϡԵͷһ˵
ʦǶĿɿڴžԡ֣žԶС
һ˴ԲѣȻΪԼǰҪǿ


1243 
Խ񣬿ûˣ
̫ˣ̫Ŀˡǰǰ˴Բѡǰ۵ȴʸڷϡжҲͰˣԲѷڮǰԽСˣӦñ񹲷ߡ𣡡
еʦסˣվԾƿڴһߵļơֻǣڴԵͬʱ񻹲ʱ壬۲ı仯жԼı⵽̶ֳȡ
еһģеڶ֮ǰһ΢֣ＥһҲˡ죬ھǰ˳׵˺ˡ
ӱ죬һȺ֮ܣ֮嫣Ⱥֻ֮һƤëǣ嶼Զ磬ҲǰʴʣͳӴûЩĵʦ
ЩʦҲͨΡΪȻҲͨ񣬿ս׺ɨǡ
磬һ˵ʦս̫ǿ⻹Դ¡ϾǵҪ˼˵֮ϣʵǷķܼˡ
ȻҲ⣬˵ȫʦսǿֻǳǳ١
ôһ𣬴֮Уһӱüžˡ
Щʦ񣬶ѪɫӿԵĿ⣬ӷŭ
λͬ԰ꡣ˵ˡ
΢УĿ䵽Եϡǲһ̽ѵԺڵ㣿
Խ񣬼ȻΪԼڵϵǿտƾǱһΣͳ˵
кβɣôȣӶ
ֿžԣһ̾λԽϵܵƢǹǿġ嵤ʦԵǲȡֳֻϣҲȰ˵ĴԽҲġ
͸һ¯ߵȵҩˣ˭ʱ̣˭ĵҩáԴӦԣЦ
Ȼѹһ֮ûʲôԺģɽʮ߼ʦĿãԼкܴô֮ԴӦｲΪʲôΪģӰε
̫鷳ˣҲ˷ʱ䣬ҵʱܱ󡣲ˣÿ˳һĿöԷٶȿ죬ҲһĿȻҡҡͷ˵
ô˵Ȼһã˱Ǹãֳܷߵ͡ǱȷʵҲҪܶʱ䡣һ¯߼ҩ˵Ҳһµʱ䡣
ãˬӦԽȳɣ
ڣ˶ЦžԣſԵЦžɨءǰԵǲ֪ԼмＸ
Ѿ˼ţһᵱƿԵʱ򣬸˵һЩʲôЦ
ʱľԣٲȻڳ˵ĹС
ʹȳɡЦЦ˵
ߣĿۣתת
Ƭ֮һѾ뵽ԼҪĿ
̽
һָߵ񵤡ʹõĵҩ߷úڶʱߵǿȡ
ֵҩ磬㡣Ϊֵ֪ҩƵʦѾٺˡ֪̽ĵҲһλԵɺϵĻᡣ
磬кܶ߼ʦûм̽浤Ҫ˵ȥֵҩˡ
Խҵǣ̽ƴ˵һҪֲϣʳžԡ
ȷԿ϶𲻳⡣
ԽӦò󣬾Ǹ߼ʦҲȻ㡣̽û˵
嶢žԵı飬ȴţ뿴Ե¶ȵɫ
Եû¶֮ɫڳĲٸ߼ʦȴɫһ
Щˣ˵̽ɶԵʵһͷˮˡ˵˵ҪֲϣʲôǶȫ֪
ǰȻǵˡһڣôԻش⡣ӣǽԽСӣܲŵ
¶Ƶžԡ
΢΢ҡͷĵԽϵ̫ܴܲ⡣嵤ʦҲǹѡܴĵʦҲû١
Գһᡣ
ôԽʦ֪𰸣־ʵǰŵ۾ڣǼĹʡ
Сӣ嶷㻹۵úܣϷΪ߼ʦʱûأ
̽õҩЧߵǿȡԿˡ
仰˵ɫ˶ڳ߼ʦҲв¶΢΢ı顣
֪̽ĹЧǲʲôڳĸ߼ʦԴ˶֪ġתĿ˵


1244 ĵҩ
廰䣬ڳĸ߼ʦ͸ŵͷǣȷʵҲ֪̽Чá
ҵǣ̽ƣҪֲϡĿžԡ
һ㲻֪ĵʦҲ֪̽ҪЩϣ֪ͬһҪֲϡ
嵤ʦҪ갡һˣôôżɲʲô°ĳ
̽ƣһҪһʮݲϡϢ΢΢ᣬ˵
ţ˵֣ɫȻһ䡣
ⲻܣⲻܣô֪̽Ҫһʮݣ
ɵģһɵģֻãɶˡ
ڵʦĿӾԵϣת嵤ʦϡڵ壬Խشˡ
ȴһû˵ʱӣЩᡣܲϾǶԵģ˵ԴˣǼʱɻȥԺأ
췢飬϶ܿʹȥʦ̽Ҫݲƣڣվвָ߼ʦ֪ġ
ʱϢɾͳЦˣ
һԸ㣬̽ϣݡû˵ȴˡ
˵ݣɫٱ䡣
һʮݲϣɳġǣ˵̽ݣȻǶ̽ȷʵһ˽ġ
ǰС˵ĵ׶Բԣ
ôܶԣˣϿС̣

ʦǣ
Ҳ൤ʦû˵ǴıϣһЩߡ
Խ˵ģȷġʱһ
¥֪ʲôʱ˽˵
һʱ䣬˶˵Ĺ¥
ɭɭĴӹ¥ɨԹ¥ȻЩˡ
Ȼʦǵҩ⣬ʦϵ֪̽һЩϢҲǺ顣
ڳˣҲһ㡣
Ե¥Ļ˶
Խ񣬻Щ°в
ʱ򣬲ȫĵʦþԵĻشûˡΪԵĴǴģǼ¥վԮ嵤ʦ϶Ҳտڲԡ
ԽλʦŴЦеĹ˹֡
ˣҲֻ
嵤ʦ⣬Ѿشˡڣֵˡ΢Ц˵
ֻܳǣôϻһͷ˵
ڵѾû·ˡԻشڲ֮ءھԴȷģôǾڲ֮ˡֻлشԵ⣬˲ܴƽ֣ǻش𲻳ǿɾˡ
嶨˶ԼƽԼĵΪŵġ
Խܳѵ⣿˵ȽƫƧټһЩҩҲδؾͲ֪Ұοš
嵤ʦȻţ۾
Ҫʵ⣬Ҳܼ򵥡ԵЦЩܣ鵤
嵤ʦֻҪش鵤ҪϼɡԼ˵
鵤
˵ֵҩֺڳеʦ鶼͸ŹŹ֡
Ϊֵҩ˵ǣǲֵͼʦܶ˵鵤
ɶ鵤֪֪Ҫ˵鵤ϣǾΪˡ
Ե۾Ҳɴ

ͿЦ
Խ񣬷شҵ⣬һĶи߿˼֣Ҳмֱ¡ڣʧҡͷһʧ֮ɫ˵
ŶԼ΢Ц
ʵʵһҲͰˡ㣬ʲô⣿鵤ָͲڵĵҩҲù⡣ò˵һͷβСˡΪ޷ش⣬ͳһûܻش⡣ǿЦЦɫĺǳ
ǣǲҪ
αһ
鵤Ͳڣǰλش𣿡
磬ҵһʦش𣿡
УֺһƬ
ȣҲǽ˫ü֪Եǳֲһֱһ뾰ԵĹϵڣҲŪλԽΪλһ鵤Ŀ
鵤ȻһЩ伮мؽܣһصĵǣȴûƳ鵤ص㻹ǣڲͬĵ伮֮У鵤ĵҲвͬеĵ伮˵鵤ҪЩϣеĵ伮ȴ˵ҪЩϡ
ѹûͳһĵ
ڵʦڣкܶ˵鵤ͲڣһֱΪе񵤡


1245 ó鵤
¥Ҳò׼Խʦʲô˼
˵Ƿ֮ǰҲڳʦ뷨һΪԽʦǹһûд𰸵Ŀڣ¥ȴôΪ
ڲʹñ˰ƳϼʦˣŪһƵСֶΣ
ͻȻһ
Խʦ֪鵤ĵɣͷҲȻ֮ġ
ƵĿ⣬žԡ
嵤ʦе˼ƺ޷˵鵤ϣԱ鵭ȻȥûΪ֮еɺЦκ
Ц鵤ͲڣҪ˵ϣѵҰЩٵϵļ˵˵
Ϊһù۵׵ʦƫƧɬĵҩо鵤оһЩĸ߼ʦǣΪ鵤Ӧ޷Ƶĵҩ
ںܾúܾǰ鵤ĴڹҵĵƷȻ޷ɹƳ鵤ġҲ˵鵤ʷϣƵĵҲʧ޷֤ˡ
𣿡졣
Ȼ嵤ʦ˵鵤ڣô뿴ʲôҩһһɫƿ֣žԴƿǣһīɫҩ˳
ŵҩڳ۾ֱˡЩʦҲȫʱ͡
Щ伮֮УȻصĵͬǶ鵤ȴ˷˼ȫͬ
伮ж鵤Ľܣе񵤣ڹЧϸݻΪҲ˵鵤þͻƾΪ
ֹЧǷǳµġȻе񵤣뿴һö鵤һڶ̶ʱڣﵽ񾳽硣
һܵõ鵤ôҲͲԶˡ
˵Щ͵ȡеȵ򣬾Ǹߵ֮УӴ񾳽֮ȻǺٺٵġһΪͻһ㾳ճΪģʳڵ˶
پһܿԽһǵΪߡ鵤ȴ֮ǵ̼߽⡣ֵҩĳ֣Ժ䶯ˣֻеȵ񵤡
ҲΪ鵤ЧĿֲӹ񣬲Żڵĸ߼ʦ鵤гʱоǣûƳ鵤ȫʧˡ
ȻʹǬ֪鵤Ҳ⼸ʮųɹ鵤Ƴ鵤ϲһ֣֣ʯһ
ɫһģһ
Ϣ伮Ͻܵͬ
񣡡
ʦ촽͵˵
壬ͬĿתžе鵤ϣ̫Уȴ˿ֲĺХ
ôܣ
ôܣ鵤ôĴڣһģһǼٵֻ鵤Ƶĵҩ
У˻ţԲţԽŵ鵤鵤ĵҩĴ硣
ٵǼٵ˻Ƶ˵
ԽС鵤ڣΪóһֿ鵤ĵҩƭϷ۾ʱıݺݵŭ
ù۵׵嵤ʦҲһ䲻˰ȤЦҡͷ
ԽС㲻ûҡ˵еĵҩ鵤ʲô֤ݣܲ˵鵤鵤ɣھЪ˹󣬵ǽ侲
ʶʱ뱣侲´ȥԼӰ첻á
ԽСûҲҽҩҿֶԾԴ˵
ȷʵ뿴еĵҩ
Ȼ϶ǼٵȻǲ档̫ˣԼĵҩûʦڿŵҩ֮ܲҪϸۿ壬ͬ⡣ڳеʦȻҲ뽫ŵҩõϸĹ۲۲졣
ǺǣǵüǰҾ˵һ仰岻죬Ų㡣鵤úܣŪô죿ƲЦЦ
֪㲻ңй˵о͸ˣҲ
嵤ʦϸۿҲԡŵҩ۲ҲһڳĵʦȤҲʹ۲졣Իһת˵
ţ
Թ۲죿
Խ񣬾ȻҲǹ۲ŵҩѵĵҩ鵤һʱ䣬ڶ൤ʦ˼ҲŻ


1246 Ե
Ȼ˶Ϊ鵤վһЩһ鵤ģǶ磬޴Ӱ졣
ৣ
ٿ䣬Ǿе鵤
ûֹЩԼı֮£Щʦǲ̫ܶ鵤𻵵ġǣЩʦֻʹ̽鵤꣬ԿɲκˡȻ˵ʦ壬ͨҪͬ߸ǿ
ǣǿֻ»ᳬһ
嵤ʦҲܿ콫һס鵤ϸ֤
ôܣ֤ҩǶôµһ¡
δ鵤ʵʦҲܸݵҩԣжϵҩ١
ʱ壬ȫˡ
ΪȫҲö鵤Ҳ˵ûκݣжŵҩǼٵ
嶼ˣҪ˵ڳʦ
֮еգȻбùе΢΢ͷеҡͷڽһʱûһ˵ֻǣЩʦ飬ȴޱȵļãλԽʦе鵤пˡ

Щʦı飬ڣȫ¥С
ȻûλԽʦķͬѰñ˰Ƴϼó˵дڵ鵤õϵĵСˣضʣ¥ȵĿžԡ
ʱ򣬾ֱһʦǵ鵤
壬޻˵˰ɣǷһ˿Ц
ٵģǼٵģͻȻعд𣬡ȻŵҩķˮƽĺܸߣȻ޷ıǼٵʵԽСƭҵȣίʵǴ̡
ûз־Ե鵤ʲôԵĵطҧǲ鵤
ʱѾ֮ǰôʮˡǣƹˤˡ
鵤ģǾ͵һʦ޷ܡҧǼٵ浤
ȴüͷһĿһ˿ŭ⡣ҲЩû뵽徹˵ıӡ
ĺڳ߼ʦһȴûиŽ¡ǺôҲǸ߼ʦнǿֱġãʱǲΪá
ǲײĲᣬײǽͷԵѹֶͳ
˵Ƕŭ
¥¥֮ڣо񣿡ĿһתԹʵ
΢΢һ㶣ʶĵУв١
翵¥Ǻǿ¥֮һģǷǳģԱࡣһЩһץһѡ
鷳¥һ˵
仰Щ׹ˣһϢ¥ǿߡˣԽ
֪ҪԵˣ
ããȥһӦ
ʱڵĸ߼ʦǣҲ˾Ҫʲôˡһ¶ŵĿ⿴žԡ
ҪߵԵǾ˵鵤Ǵ˵е鵤
¥ܿȥһΪľ
ѪԵϵ֪ԴҪ֤鵤Ч֤鵤ġһûᣬŷˮ뷨¥㽫Լġ
鵤ЧɾһӴӾ̤񾳽ˣǶһӶ޷ԽȥĴɽ츳ȻҲгԴṩʹãˣΪҲҪܳܳһʱ䡣
˾ˣ⡭ľ񣬿ô߼ʦЩ
ģʲô죬Сߴˣܿһ׮ԵϡĿ⾧
ˣǴ
ԽѾˡ¥ЦĶԾ˵
ţԶԹȵ֡
˿˾˹ȣһ£ž˹ȥ
óĺܽšǰЩˣǸ߼ʦҼ񾳽ǿ߰һֲϢŵ趼Ҫˡ
ŵҩȥԽ鵤óݸǰĹ
īɫĵҩ
£ںȵ
סµҩ̾תķº͵һ䡣
ǡǣͷӦ
ҲǺΣīɫҩ֪ʲô翵¥ôãʶ٣Ȼϵһֵҩڵ¥æ˾˾͹һѽץߣʲôû˵


1247 浤
Ψһеοǣľ˾˶һֱܺãܲں
īɫҩЩﵷĳҩ
ͷ㲻ԥˡ
ţڹ뽫īɫҩ̷ȥʱһĶϡ

ϣһĨЦ˿֮Ŀֿȡһָоȶ𾴣缸֮ǰոϼǵʱ
ң¥ƺԽСŪãȻԽйᣬǰϷò
嵤ʦк£ü壬ѵҵԵ嵤ʦòף
ԵԲֹԵ֮ǰһ±øЦž˵
£ʵ
ˣǲǾ񾳽磬ǻȷһ񾳽ߣ̷żٵֲö֪Խ֮ǰ˵ˣ֮䲻죬㲻ҡȻˣȻҲ㡣˵š
Ļ˱Ҳˡ˵ֿܣҲǲڡϾ¥Խ̬ȱ仯Ҷܸоõ
Сӣ㽫תͬʱ̿Ҫ㵽񡣡Թ˵
ڳĸ߼ʦȻ񾳽磬ֻ񡣵һ˵һͨǰؾ磬ǺѵġһЩ侳ķҲؾġ
ֻҪת̿꣬κķס
Ļ˿ȡ
Ҫôôȶͷ˵
ȷȷʵʵһô֤Сȣһ㶼ġ
Ҳ˵ͷӦ
ͷת
ͬʱڳˣҲжϡ
ȷʵǾ񡣡
ϸϢü١꣬Ҳꡣ
û⡣ʦǶͷ˵
壬ʱȻҲжϡߣȷʵǾ񲢲ϣȺԽû١
ˣûˡЩʧİڰ֡
ֻǣеĲȴԽԽǿҡԽΪθҵԵأⲻϳóǼٵôһڶʱڴﵽΣ
вʱ򣬹Ѿ鵤̷ȥ
ϣʱֳһ⣬鲻ԽһС
ķת̷ҩֻоһɺ嫵ӿϸ̫ˣоԼ壬޷Ƶ͡ҿλ﷽תķֱܶӱûȥˡ
ķĿ֮£鵤ҩЧ𽥱ơϸҲ𽥵ȶϸݱ䣬ٶȴǴȵ
ʱ䣬ϸͷ˷츲صı仯鵤ҩЧȻǷǳۻ롣
ڴеĹ棬һɹ
Чˣ
ЧԽʦóĵҩЧ
˼飬Ŷʱ䣿յʱ䶼˵ϸͿʼŵݱˡ˼飬̫ˡ
ѵⵤҩ浤
ǡ
ʦǣɴ۾ϸĸŹϵϢǶϸɱΪḶ́ԶԴ˶Ϥǣʱܰٷְȷ˵ϸŵɱ䡣
ֻĿǰ˵ȷϸܷɱɹ
ɫԽԽڡ
ʱ仺š
һյ裬һ㣬ʱһʱ
һʱȥ֮󣬹ϢĻ棬һγɵΣͺһԲεĵȫڡ
ȣޱȼÿԼ
գԼ̤񾳽磬ǿһݾһ͡ڴﵽ񾳽磬˵ڽҲܳΪεǿߡ
ֵʦҲȻߵ˾ԵߡеĲͬǳҡû뵽ԼʶõԽϵܣȻڵȱ¡ŵҩ֤鵤̤񾳽硣ôԤڲõĽԽֻ֣Ҫˡ
ˣ
һ΢ӹڴ
ܿĸΣͻ֣ᷢϸѾȫʧȡ֮ǸӻֺӴĵ
ĵʼȹ̡鵤ȻṩۻȹԼĵ
ֹ˰ʱҵʱ䡣
ͷųϢ𽥵Ľ
۾


1248 
˫Ŀ˿Լڣ͸Ųŵɡ
ˣ
Լ̤ľˣ
ϸɱɵƵ׳ۡеı仯ԤʾѾһ񾳽ߡһУ̫λˣһʱ䲻ܽʵ˵ǲһӦľ޴仯
һ׼ûУͳˣ
ǰлǰ֮ȵϾҲһЩʶģܿͷӦ˹񣬱ʾԼĸм֮顣
ԭΪԼҪ̤񾳽磬ٻҪĻۺͳȴû뵽ֻǶ̶̲ʱʱ䣬Լ߹Ҫ߹̡
Բİڰ֡
ͷų嵤ʦЦЦ˵
ǣȵհ졣
꣬ʱ֮ǰ˷츲صı仯
졭
鵤ģ˵ģ
ĴӾ񾳽磬̤񾳽硣
ֱҾԲһŵҩþֱʱ̤񾳽硣
ʦǣԵЩˣ״Ρ
пԵ񣬶ɢȵϢʱǻ֪Ե鵤ǴӺζ鵤ģ봫˵еЧҲһġŵҩԽһϹżҵĻôõģпӵй鵤ĵ
ʦҲһ㣬Խ֪鵤ĵҲ׸ǡǣ֮ǰǶԽ̬ȣ̸κεѺáǲˣԽƿڴ
ңɥ
֪ӽտʼԽĵʦȵ𡣶壬ǶԷ̤ʯ
˵Ȼһޱȱҵ顣ΪʹģҪǣǾԵġԼɾԽ
ޱߵķŭ֮УĻںޡ֪αȥǸԽֻûͺ
翵¥֮⡣
ӰŽֵ¥֮ǰ
Ϊ׵ˣȻϼڴФºͶλ֮󣬻мλ̫ϳϼ
翵¥ȻΪӭ嵤ʦ
˵ӱȽϴһᣬҪ˶ԷӡФ΢΢㣬˵һ䡣
嵤ʦФµ˿ȷʵĪ嵤ʦǶù۵׵ϼȻΪ֮һ嵤ʦϼҲûκεİ취
ľܲоȣҪ嵤ʦֶˡ
ģһ㡣мϣ˵
ţжʦҲܵˣϾܵϼڵŹġФµͷּ˵һ䡣
ϣһ˱翵¥

嵤ʦ㻹Ϊҵ鵤Ǽٵ𣿡ӣ塣
˵ʵûнִĴ㡣壬ȴͱˡҾԣǿӡ
ǲ
鵤Ǵģ˺һᣬʵ
仰˵ҲʹϾó鵤浤֮ĽҲܶճȻģȴ޷ıʵܷܲڳ˵͡
һϹżԵȻ˵
û˵ҩԼƵġΪһϣȻԼڼ̵ʱھ쳹硣ǣ鷳Ҳ֮ʵԶԶﲻӦΣĳ̶ȡ
Ѿﵽ֮ΣǲҪôĹ˼ɣ󷽷鵤ԼƵҲûκ⡣
֪ڳͬң֪֪鵤ĵҿȷǣ鵤ĵҲ֪ҪȻҿˣλҲҵİټٵ˵
꾰Եǰ仰˻ţ䣬ǻдɣҲ˾߰˷֡Ϊ˵û֪鵤ųҲˡ
ʵȴǣȫû˵Խ֡
ˣⶼ¶ʧɫ
췢飬Ȼþ𡣱Ͼһʦϲ̤ŵġ
ʱ򣬹¥óһѶʯѶϢɫ΢΢һ䡣
λ뿪Ƭ̣ʧ֮¡˵ţ¥뿪˴
ӰϣѸٴӵ¥Ķ㣬˵¥ĵײ㡣
λ΢ЦФµǰ棬΢΢
¥ؿǶˡФµ˵ͷ
¥˵ǳ𱬣ǷˡҲЦ˵


1249 Ȼ
ϼ翵¥ܽߣҲյʱ伴ɴһߵһˡ
¥ϼϵˣҲϤúܣƽʱн
ҪΪϵϼϼǵڶ߼ʦҲлд
Ҫúøлϼڣʱ䣬翵¥ίʵɫ١æ˵
Ф°ڰֵ¥ǹλʦġڣʦǶڵ¥ڰɣ
Фµŵľ
λʦڵ¥Ķ֮Уϴȥȿٵͷ˵
嵤ʦҲФʡ
ȻӸظĸ߼ʦкüʮˣФµˣںӵģ嵤ʦǿľָϣ嵤ʦϡ
ڵġ֮ǰڴڽⵤĵˮƽȷʵǳ¥Ц˵
ȻǣǶù۵׵ĴڣǺ֮ĽФһ˵
壬Ǻĵʦ
ˣڣԽҲڡ¥һת
ʱڹУԵĵλɲ֮ˡҪ֮ѡһκԥͻѡԡ
ԭܼ򵥣ΰͽ壬嶼ѳΪѡԽʦͲͬˣȲ˵ԽʦǱΪ޴󣬾ĹϵԽʦΪѵĿԣҲԶԶ嵤ʦ
ʱ˵壬¥ȻὫԸ©ˡ
¥ĻФºˣȴǱ˱䣬üͷҲ
Խʦ
Ƕ֣Ȼİ֮ǰʹһԽ˻صϼڣҪһŻ
¥˵ԽʦѵһˣФһ䡣
λԽȻᣬȴǸ߼ʦصͷ
Фü˿ȡ
ȷϹ˵Խʦ˺󣬾Ͳôˡȴо¥ƺԽӵӡ˵ԽֵʱǱϵ𾴣ɲװġ
Ҳ˿¥
ФЦЦ¥ҲĻڸ߹ǸԽˡ
ФҲ֪ȣ˵Ĺϵ׽Ƕˣ˼ֱֵһ㡣¥϶Ƿǳġ
¥Щڸ߹ԽˡФϼǾŶǿߣȻֱ˵ȱƭˡ
仰ȽίҲǿڹȥϼڹϵķϣŶ˵һ䡣ڹܲӲӣùˡ
λԽʦͺģûʹ󡣡Ҳ˵һ䡣
λĻ¥һӾˡλֻԽʦ
λҲò˵һ䡣ȶ˶٣ɫ˵ԽԲҿ֮¡
˵ʲôλһ
ǼλϼڵĳϣҲȻĿ⿴¥
֮ǰžԡȥϼ£֮Ҳ˵ˡľҲ֧֡Żϼֻô͸ˡԣҲû˶¡
ʵϣڽһЩʱԽ֮䷢һЩͻ¥˵
Ȼǿ֮ˣͻФЦһжԾԵĲҲǿ
üû˵ãԽʦǲ֪صˣôԵ޹嵤ʦͻأ
ԽͻǲܹԽԽҲûʦôˡȸЦһФ˱ԽʦܲΪȻ
˳ͻλʦ˱Ե˼ȴһǰ¥㣬һһ˵ڶ顣
ŹȵФµˣɫ
Фºˣһۡ
ѵԽʦвСı£Լˣ
¥鵤ĴڣФĿһת˵Ųʵ
Խó鵤ǧȷģԵЧˡԵĲǱˣҵҵ֮ǰҲǱȽͨľˣҪ̤񾳽磬֧֣ʱҲ
ҵ̷鵤֮󣬶̶̲ʱʱ䣬ʹӾ̤񾳽硣ڣѾչȹ̵ˡ¥˵
⡭鵤Ĵ磿
ôܣǿĵʦо鵤Ƴ鵤λϼڳϣ̲ס


1250 Фµѡ
鵤Щ߱ԣûʲôô
ÿɾˡ
Фµˣ˵鵤ж𾪡
Խʦ˵ˣ鵤һϹżڷֵġڵûеõ֪鵤ˡ¥ȼƽһЩּ˵
Фû˵ʲôֻϣⶼ¶ʧɫʱѾ˶֮⡣
Ф
λãλϺã

Фµ˽ڳʦǣ׷׿ڡǣܵϼ룬רϼǵġȻһݶܸߣФϼɲһ
Ŷ񣬷磬Ҳ쵱ĴһЩŶսϣƥһЩ֮εĴߡ
ФһܾʵǳǿľŶ
ФµˣҲԵʦǻ
Ф£ٴζ΢΢
ƽʱݣҲڶĸ߼ʦ⽻áǷǳʱڣϼڣˡ嵤ʦһӵˡ
ͼϣҲͿ
Фؿ幰˹˵
Ӧõġˣʵϼڵҡǹλʦ֮ڲ鿴ľ֢ᡣФҲ˷̫ʱ䡣
ľָˣдѵʱ䣬д廹ڳĵʦǡ
ФµĻƬ̡ɫǺÿࡣ
ţŪЩͷֱ޵ݡФ˹ǼʱΪΧˡ˼ϼФĿԼǸԽ
ʵϣʱФµˣԾԵĴڣѾࡣԣھԺ֮䣬Ф»ѡ塣ԣĵʵϾ꣬쳹磬Ƕù۵׵ĵʦ
ԣܸɴͷ˾ԡ
ҲФ²뾰ԣ֪һԼ뾰ԣǾƱػ塣ӷŹ¥ĻУ˼ѾԣԽʦ嵤ʦ˳ͻ嵤ʦ϶ġǳԽʦ嵤ʦֱֻӾͻܾ롣
ЩͷФԺҲ˲顣
һԣФµĶԻ΢΢Ф²Ȼ˵ԼҪȥϼڣԼֲǼͷ
ФͶɣƬ̺󣬵ͷ˵
ʮˣƺƵ뿪
뿪֮ǰԾ¶һǸЦݣҲЦЦӦ
ܿģڣֻʣ¾һˡ
¥ڽͳ¥Ϸص֮С
Խ㲻ȥ𣿡еԾ˵
ҡҡͷ˼壬ֲҡ
ǺǣФǣҲǡ¥ͻȻѹĿ˵һ䲻Ļ۲ʶˡ
ȵĻЦЦ
ô˵嵤ʦǱȽǿġܽľҳҽҲδ֪졣
ٺ١¥ٺЦһ嵤ʦȻǺǿģԽȣǾͲԶˡ
Խ֮ǰһ鵤֪񾧻ЩͨԴҲûʲôȤԼ˹
˵ʱóһѤù⻪һܲϿ
Կʱ΢΢һ
⡭۾Ź¥֮ǰǸߣ
ǣȵͷ鵤ޱϣԽһҪö龧ʯ
óģһö龧ʯ
ʵϣԵǾԼľ¥ûʲôϵ¥£Ҳ˵һ¥Ȼ뽻þԣԲ£ãҲ£һ˫Ĺϵ
Թȵ˼úܡ
¥ʢȴұö龧ʯԽӹ龧ʯ
޾ճ̻ʱԾͼޡͷޣձǰɱǰ龧ʯ
ԿԸӦǰߵ龧ʯԶԶԼһö
ʱͷޣδġôڹ¥͸Լ龧ʯӦǳ龧ʯ
龧ʯ԰ռ䷨ǼԴ
¥Ҳȷʵ±Ǯ
龧ʯЦŨ֪ǰ뾰ֻһӦǳײˡ
ϼһؿռ䡣
Фµϼڸ߲㣬Ѿżʮ߼ʦ


1251 Ϊ
ŨΪһŰ
߿ɼ֮һڿеɽпֲ˼ĺһ󷨽ƣʱıҫĿâ
ɽ֮ϣϼľϢ֮ءϼڣûмʸľϼڵĸķػƵ֮
Фµ֮£˶ɽ֮ϡ
ǰһ֯һɫĸ롣޾Щͷſ
Ȼľ統֮رһľ֧һϼ׳
ڳ˵Ŀ⣬ľ֮ϡľǳӴռطԲǧ֮㡣
߼ʦǣܿ΢΢üΪǣĸоľϢٵļľȻȻΣܲʣֻٹʮ꣬ͻȫɥ
Ҳѹ֣ФˣǳĽơľ棬ôϼڣҲٵ˥ȥ޿򶥼⡣
ɫҲ͸һأǰԶһɫĸ롣
˰˵һ䣬ڳˣ˵Ļ
ǰǳءԣλʦǰ
ڴ֮ǰϼڵһЩ߼ʦҲҪҵľ֢ᣬɶʧܸաǣ޷ֹľšФޱȵĳء
ΪӻľţֻܶʹȪˮࡣѹֵ˵
Ȫˮͬһַǳı
ϼΪľϧʹȪˮ࣬Ȼһ̶ӻľţȴȫֹ
ĻʦҲ΢΢ݡ
嵤ʦλʦľƣͰˡФڵʦ
ʦǣ塣ǣûκεİܹҳ⣬ԴʱҪǿģǰæһ˼·ṩһЩ顣
Фֻܷľǡ
ûǰ֣ǻֵ
¼䣬ʲôϵ⣬޷ģФȻѾˣǰľǡ
ʦǣ׷׷ԡȻ֮ǰ翵¥嶪һЩ棬Ƕ壬ȻǷǳŷ
嵤ʦ֣ȻһˡФ졣
üëһµϷȿ˵
˵䣬ǰľ֮ǰ
߶ͷſľ֮ϡ
ʱһĹȥ
ΪľǷǳӴģԼһ飬ȷʵҪܶʱ䡣
һʱ䣬Žľһ顣ǣɫʱȴЩˡ
ڼ֮ǰԼҲǷǳŵġƵ飬ǵһξҲһЩ顣Ͼľ䱦ǷǳģؾռȲһֲıһЩС⡣
ǰҲΰһЩƵ⣬ÿδҲ˳
Ϊˣôšڿľʱ˵أֻ˵ġ˵һЩôԼأ
һΣЩòסˡ
ľϸļһ飬ȴûзκ⡣ڼ涼ȫţ˵һľ϶ġ
ô£۾˵ɡ
ФµˣҲں濴ţҳ塣
Ѱ˼Ƭ̣ٴľһΣΪϸ棬õʱ䣬Ҳȵһγһ
ɶ⵽ʲôȫûⰡûг溦ûв֢ΪţϵȻĵȴЩץˡ
ô죿
ѵ˵Լľ⣿Ȼƨˣ
֮ǰ˵ļ̫˵ԼΪ˿ˣȥ֪ж˻ڱЦԼ»˻˵Լܡ
УԲУݺݵҧҧ
ʼ飬һ飬һʱ
֮۾ѾˡһΣԼĵ˻ɡ
תФµˡ
ΣФµ˼תŽ˳
ϼڵˣʱ򣬿˵Ƕ꣬ǽеϣϡ
Фµʻ۾Լĺ롣
λͬҲɣĪ˵
ʮ߼ʦҲ½ǰ
֮ÿ˵ϣ鶼ƵĲ̫ÿһüչΪǸҲ֢ڡ


1252 Խʦ
ʮ߼ʦۼľ֮ǰҲвڿ̸Щ˵ģûκμֵ
һȺƽȴ
֮ЩʦǰľϣܳתȻҲûŶϣվһڴ
ڣʧˡЩˣͲܸԼκεʾ
嵤ʦФ¿塣
֪ԼȥˡǳԼΪǹעһ
ƴˣһᡣ
Фϼڵľϲûʲô⡣ֻǣܵһЩصӰ죬ŵɥʧģҿԽ⣡ĵӡ
ԣٿŵı飬ФµϼڵˣҲ¶Цݡ
Ȼ嵤ʦôаգŵľӦþоˡ
ֻȡһɫƿҲûκͬ⣬ֱӴƿ浹һɫҺ壬ιľϡ
ڣұô񾫻ľ֢ڡ۾𣬽ƿУͬʱ˵
Чˣ
ǰһ֣ͼЧ

ľȷʵڼ̵ʱھ͵õǿͷųҲ֮䣬ɵӡ
оֱ仯ФµϼڵˣҲ¶ϲ֮ɫ
㿴嵤ʦ֣ͼӰһΣûҴ˰ɣФ泩ЦŶ˵
֪Ȼû˵ȴнǸԽһ˼
ǰ嵤ʦʵҲصĵ˵ͷ
һƬάĿǵ⣬ʱܸ߼ʦͷ
λʦѾ׼ϯλͬФ¶˹˵
˵˵屳˫֡
类ǹһ㣬屻ڸ߼ʦΧм䡣
һȺˣ˵˵ЦЦģҪФ뿪
ţ
ãԾ쿴ľһϼ̫ϳϣͻȻǾ֡
ϵĽФ΢΢һ¡ǳϵĿ⣬ЩתĿ⿴ľ
ʲôһФ±һһ˫۾·ҪӶɳ
εľʱǷ˵ĻɫľͷŵȻֺǿŨȡϸӦܷ֣ľʼ
ľı棬ǳһɫѺۡ
ô£ô£Ф־ּͺ
ʱ壬һҲȫЩ߼ʦҲһ¶Ծı顣
ãľٶȼӿˣһλʦʶ
ФһľǰһտʼǺ
ľԾ˵ٶšٶţֻ²ʱ䣬ľͳȥˡ
͵Ŀ塣
嵤ʦ⾿ô£ϼڵľΪˣФеŭ𣬼ֱҪյͷ˿ѹŭ𣬵ͳѯʡ
вЩңһŶķŭ޷ܵġƽʱһЩŶͿһŶĲһɱҾǰĻʮҲǱɡ
ڶݵľ֮ܿ侲ʱԼԲҡ
д񾫻һ޷ľˡФʵ˵˰ɡľѾߵ˾ͷҡͷһΣϧ˵
嵤ʦղ㻹˵ľ⣬ȫԽҲԴʵ
ȷʵҹһЩʧԭΪڴ񾫻ļ֮£ľάָʱ䡣ڿľȻѾ;ƿݵĵز
ФΣκεʦˣһ޲ߡϷ򲻾ȷʵûκΰ취ˡ˵
Фµϼڵˣ塣ڣȻȫĻ
ľȷʵԪݽˡǼʮʦô᲻ܷ֢أһ߼ʦվε˵
ǰԪݽߣ˭а취أмʦڡ
Фµɫÿ¡
壬ɱʱһҪŪ뷨Ҳôˣô޴ӦȻǾŶΪԶ塣屳ҲŴ۸ӵĹϵ
ǡǲǽԽʦʱ뵽˾ԡ
ĻФƤһĿ


1253 ǳ
Ф±Ǹõˡ
ԣһεĵִȥԽǲ˵Լ֮ǰ
ԼϼڴƿڵӴԼô᷸
ڣٲ취Ǿֻŵľȥʱ䣬ϼľͻ᳹ȥ
ԣޱȵᡣ
Խб£Ը𣿾ˣܸıʲô𣿡Фµ˵
Ф»֮л͵ء
˵ˣֻܾˡΣø˰ɣ
ľͽΪһο֦ڵΣѾûǿԶ˼ˡҪôܵһԣҪô͵ľȥȻϼ˥ܡ
Խ񣿡
ǲǹ֮ʲô汾£
һФδ˵ȿˣԾԲмһ˵ӡ
嵤ʦ˵翵¥Խʦ۵Խʦˡ˵
ʱȻٿֺ塣֮УҲûǰ𾴡
ߣȷʵˡֱӳϣҲУôۿˣһת֮Ի䣬ȫΪСˣֶΡ֪ĴˣһϹżҵһö鵤鵤ң
ڴ֮ǰ˭ܿ϶绹鵤ڣŭ
ΪԼǱԸˡıԣôܻһȫû˵ëͷСӡ
ºҲ˹ѹԽСʼͲԸԼԭ˴ļƻ
鷳һ˰ɣФ¿˵
ȥԽʦԼĨӡ
УҾȥһˡͷûб뷨

翵¥
ҪԽ쿴ǰĶ
ţҪԽǰš죬Ҳ֪֮ǰǶԽеĵطܾҵԣæٺܿ˵
¾Բͬǰϼڣ졣֪Խʦϵæ˵ϣʹˡ
ѵ嵤ʦľʧˣ˫ü
ǰ쵰˵壬̲סŭ⣬˵Ļ
ľԪݽߣΪ֮ǰ˵
ˡ˵ͷʵ˵ԽȻ˵ϻҲӰ쵽ľԣһ׼
죬İɡԽܾҵҲԲκαԹϾϼڣȵԽֻϣԽԭǵʧ֮̾Ϣһǽǡ
Ҳ̾һ
˵ʵԼţҲкܶ಻ԼϾϼڵӣܹݡǶǶԼչˡڣ޷ܾ
˺ܿԷ䡣
ʧˣϣı飬ƽ壬㲻Ȼʧˣϼڵľذ
ǰԽһҪæڱꡭεı顣
ԽȥϼڣҪżľ⣬ȴһھܾڣȴҪ˼Ұæ
һ룬ǹ̵ġ
Ȳ˵ȥʲôɡվ˵
ûйƴǣ룬ˬĴӦˡ
ԵĻ΢΢
û뵽Ȼô˳ΪԼһࡣΪˣ·ϣ˸壬͵żԽ˵
ʲôû˵Խͬˡ
Խ̫лˡ治֪˵ʲôˡЩ״Ρ
ȱŸлҡľĿǰҲûҲ֪ԣҲ˵κΰգܰﵽǡ԰ڰ˵
ɱФ¿ɰˡ
ֻҪԽϳ֣ܳɹҶмæ
ŵľǸˣܿԽʦܷæ
߰ɣԵͷ
һΣĸһͬ뿪翵¥˾ԡ֮⣬¥Ҳһͬǰ
յʱ䣬ĸ˾ľ֮ء
ˡ
ΪģҲ֪˵˶ٺû
ʲôֶΣľʦǿԣз׷ֹ


1254 ӱ
ЩʦҲͽǰ뾰Դ˸кˣùŹžԡ
Ф¿˿ԣҲû˵ļ̫ϳϣϡϡĶԾԼкһ
ФûпڣԵȻҲû˵˼
ϼڵľ󣬾ԵɫҲ֮ǰû뵽ϼڵľѵ;ƿݵĵز
һ㵽ľǰ
Ϣȫҡ
ͷŵȻܶ࣬ѾľǱˣľȻѾάֲ˶á
Կתͬʱ̽Լסľ
װģСƾ㣬ҲľСӣ֮ǰ鵤ң£Ϸû꣡ĵĿⶢžԡ
ӱ죡Ŀһת׺ݵĵ塣
һ
嵤ʦڲҪ˵ӰԽʦ˵
ڣκ˶ҪӰԽʦľ嵤ʦԽʦʲôԹ뿪ټƽϡФҲˣ塣
ȻžԵĵܶľʲôڣȴûеڶѡˡܲܣϣľԼת
ΣǵԽľ֮˵
Ф¶Էˣ塮һûмԡʦ͸ʱ򿪿Фˡ
ʱ֮
ɶ񣡡Եһ䡣
һô񾫻ľģԵɨȫˡ
Ѿ̽ڷţľ˴񾫻
˵һĿ¶һ˿֮ɫ
Խ񣬾Ȼܼľ˴񾫻ңô̵ʱ֮ڡԴˣ廹û뵽
⵽ô£Ϊʹô񾫻ľľӣһڽ񾫻֮ɣԿʵ
֮ǰȥ翵¥ʱ򣬿ûиľ˴񾫻
ԸոտľʱлɻΪڼ֮ǰ˵ľ໹ְܼʱ䡣ڵľ˵ְ꣬궼Ǵ⡣
ڵˣľ˸Ĵ񾫻
񾫻һЩԪݽߵֲ˵ȷʵܼǱֲ﷢ӳļֵǣ񾫻һֲ˵ȴǴĶҩ
˴񾫻֮Ҳѹ־Իŭ
Щ쵰̫޴ˡ
ľ˰ܻǰľ䲻Լ֮Ȼ۵úܡ
ԼŪһľǬС磬ﻹҪȥȪ֮ռ䣿
ԽǴ񾫻Ƿ嵤ʦġæ˵
УȴϲĸоΪλԽʦȻбµģȻôͿľ˴񾫻
ģһ˿ϣ
Խʦ񾫻ľ˺ܴа취𣿡ϳʵ
񾫻ֱֲǶҩ˺ܲ㿴ľӣҪˡû˵
ͻȻȵԽСҪʴʣʲôǶҩľԪݽߣô񾫻ǱܣָΣֻûϵľѾ˥ܵ˽ӽ޴񾫻ûӦЧˡ
ôӱ죡ɨ塣
壬һ˷ʵþҲûϵ
ղȥԽ񣬶ľʹ˴񾫻Ф´ѯʵ
ȫûԽʦ˵ϢԾûиԽʦԼġ̴˵
Фûмֻ˫üøһЩ
㡭ָžԡ
壬죡Фһɱȵ
ʱ˵Խʦһ취
ֻǲȴ񾫻ľ˺Ҳðָܻľ뻹ָܼʮʱ䡣
ţһᾡġҺʱ仹ٹʱľͳ군ˡԵ˵ͷ˵
⻰ϲ֮ɫβס
Ф£üͷչࡣ
ϼڵ̫ϳϣҲÿĿУ¶ϲɫ
Щ߼ʦһЩʧѳζǣҲ벻ܹ񾫻Чİ취
Խѵа취
ڳÿˣתŸԵ˼
û˵ǵȡݣѹ֮ȡݵ֭Һ
Ҳûʹƿʢţ֭Һȡ󣬾һ֣ȫ򷺻Ƶľ
֭Һľ֮󣬾ԷǳϸĹ۲졣Ƭ̺ŵ΢滺


1255 ˣˣ
Ч
ڼЧ֮ǰԵȷʵЩšΪϼڽţǴΪǰľš
ľȻ粻Ψһģÿһľ쳣ԼΪһЩľǾĿϧˡ
ԼԼƵ֭ҺЧ󣬾һ
ľ֭Һλãǿݻɫ֢״Եõһļᡣ
ʱФµˣŵĿžԡΪ˱Ӱ쵽ԣվڽԶλãҲ̽ľԲûз־Ƶ֭ҺľЧ
Խʦ񾫻Ч𣿡
ǲڴꣿ
ߣҲŲ񾫻ľѾɵӰ졣ˣǻȡ֮
һЩ߼ʦתһЩĵĽ
Ф¡ȷҪǲóӰԽʦڼʱȷʵҲÿ˵Եû˹ⷢ壬ֻͣһ˫۾žԡ
ʱ򣬾һתФµˣ׼⼸ݣԽԽã
һ֣ԼҪļ֮Уڳˣú
׼⼸ݣФºɵžԡ
СҪ⼸ʲôѵ⼸ѰݣѾ;ƿݵľ忴Ҫ֮󣬿Ц
̽ڵļȡû壬ټ˵
Խ⼸ݣܰľҲúܡ
ԽʦҪ⼸ݣȽѰ㲻֮񾳽˵⼸ǲмһ˵ĶΪˣҪ׼⼸ݵʱǲŻɻ
ҪѰЩݣǻɻʱ˵ԸôļԹصĶǱʶľġ
ѹż飬˿֪ˡ
ɻǰ
Ŀ⣬̾䵽ľ֭Һλáһɫ̾ͱˡ
ʱľǸλõɫѾܲͬˡܵĿݻƣǴԼƴСĵطԼ͸һϲ˵⡣
⡭⡭˵
Ҫ˷ʱˡҪ⼸ݣ׼ãжپ١˵
ǣȥͷ˫֮е˷ܣܿɢ֮ϡ
Ф¿
ˣˣľǵطˣ״Ρ
ĻڳˣȫȻһ
λϣ죬ǰѰǼݡĶϼ̫ϳ˵
ಣһӰԼٶ뿪ɽ
ܣⲻܣ⼸ݣô񾫻ЧȻУӽľһĨɫ֮󣬿дµ
Уʦǰ
һ֮ÿ˵ϣ¶˾֮ɫ
۾һĻȫǵ֪š
Խʦõļݣ̫Ѱˡ˵ԽʦһЩǳĲϣȡ֭Һ񾫻Ӱ죬ǵܽܡ
ڣ治֪ôԼˡ
̫ˣ
񾫻ЧǼݣ
ǾǼ󣬻Ч
˵Ǽݣ񾫻Ӱ죬ҽǳʶˡ
ѵλԽʦڵϣгǰʵ
ʦǣ˽Ϊھûľǿ˵һЩҲûʲôӰ졣
ФµɫҲá飬ڳΪӵġԽʦ˴񾫻ľӰ죬ľָ֮ǰ֮ʲô̬ȶԴԽʦأ
Խ񡭡㣬̫ˡּžԡ
ǰǽоϵܣϵ֣˵ˡоڵϵܶࡣԾ㾰ԲĳƺҲ޷ٳƾΪϵܡ
ϸ磬˵Ϊʱ硣ֻܣһԡЦЦԽ˵
ԻԼϸ磬ɫһӺˡ
ҵҵԽҽ־ˡ֡
ľԽʦлָʹô񾫻֮ǰӲĵزˡ
ƺѣϸͱҴһЩΪͶԵҽһϸкβɣЦ˵
ʱˣѾ½صɽ֮ϡ
ˣٴƶռڣһһѵȡھԵǰ
ԽڻҪһЩʲôȡЩ𣿡һڴžԡ


1256 θм
һЩʦҲ¶ԾԾ֮ɫ
ǿȡ֭Һȫ԰æǶЩݵҩԶ˽⡣
ɾȴҡҡͷ
Կ˵£ΪףҪźá
仰ʦ¶ıˡȻΪԽʦ͡
ˣһʱҲʶ˸оֻȡ֭Һ˵ڳĸ߼ʦˣѰߣϸһҲġ
ȡ֭ҺҪÿһݶòͬĻҪһһ㣬֭ҺʧЧԶ˶٣ǽһ䡣
ʱ˻Ȼס
Щʦ¶ʧɫԭǻΪԼܼյһֺҩ䷽ڿǾ֪⼸Ƴ֭Һ񾫻ЧҲѾݴ˾ͽ֭ҺҩƳ
Իİգڲ֪£Ҫ¡

תͷŶ
һݣ׷׷
ȥԿеͺһ
ݣɵľϿա
ھĲٿ£ݿٵıһһ顣ۻѹ֮£֭Һȡںϡ
ڳˣĿתžԵĶ
ܵģܳɹ
񾫻Чô۵ݾǳ˵Σ
ߣַҿ϶˵ңȴδ˵ַܳɹһװģĿⶢžԣ񶾣תͷ
ʵϣڳļʮ߼ʦвˣԾƵ֭Һҩ˼ţĻǲš
ȫǵ֪롣
ǰó鵤Ǿ͹ˡϾ鵤൤伮֮лмأھƵ֭ҺҩǾȫû˵ˡ
䣡ٴȳ
ЩƳ֭Һҩһ㣬·ľ֮ϡ
Ϊ̫࣬Ҳܶʱһȫϡһƣһ߽ں֭֮Һҩˮһ㽵ľ֮ϡ
~
ôľϸܶ
ľϣ˿˿Ƶ뵶
ԽԽ࣬ľס濴ȥɾһ
Ծڲ֮Уάת
յʱȥ
һʱȥ
ʱȥ
һʱʱ䣬Ȼ˹ȥ
ʱ򣬾ڽȫݶȡϣƳ֭ҺҩҲľ֮ϡ
ȴ֮еФµˣɫǳš
Ϊ谭ǲܺп淢ľ󡣼ϣֲֱӹȥǶ֮ľûб仯Ҳղ
ȻŹ˶̶̵һʱʱ䣬ϼڵˣȴúһ֮á
һ紵
ڿʼɢˡľֵıۿ
뷽˱仯
ǰҲ֪ǲҵĴоһЩ
ǴղľѾֳݻƣڣȴǻˡ
ţԽʦƵ֭ҺҩЧġ
߼ʦǣž̾š
ФºˣĿбŷĹâǵУȼϣȻ֮ǰȥʱѾԾкǿġ
ֹһᣬƵȫɢ
ľͷŵˡ
ǰϢҲƽǰˡ

ľı仯ʱѾˡڳˣÿһĸоֱ仯ȻĿǰ˵ľδȫָεӣƺҲֻʱˡ
ФµˣϲԽ
ֻǣһ£ȴȻѹǵͷǾǣľ֮ǰڵ⣬ȻûеõڵľȻٵš
ԽʦȻǸĴ񾫻Чˣɸδڵٹʮ꣬ŵľȻɥ
ʱվȺе壬һҪ˵ӡ
ȻܲϣͰǰ۾֮ڡٲģҲòϣԽĽ񾫻ľɵӰˡ
ŭ֮УֻԼջģҪɽأûϼ·޷뿪ھֱӷȥˡ
ԽĲ֪θм㡣Ŀžԡ
ǰԽŵľһѿ֦ˡ
Խϼд̫ϳϣҲ׷׿ڶԾԱʾм
ߣһɨΣϼʲôʮľҪΪһѿ֦


1257 Сڽ
Ŀ͸һɷ֮⡣
ʮϼľԽײڣȪˮϽ࣬ľҲֹʱ䣡
ϼ˵ʱ䣬ʲô𣿺ǺǣϷʹô񾫻ľǱ
ԼڵľȻϢƽˣͷŵȴȸղǱܼʱࡣľ״̬ϼھ𣿡ЩЪ˹ˡ
Фµˣñ塣
һʱ䣬˵
Ƭ֮쿪˵Խʲô취ڵľ𣿡
Ļ綪ƽʯӣ֮Уһ㲨
˵Ŀ⣬ٴζվľǰľԡ
ľ
ߣǲܵģľѾԪݽߣûҲܣҲûκСӲܡһЩϵСֶΣÿľشСֶοɲС峰˵
Ŀתת⣬塣
ζ۵׵ģȻҲܶ۵ףϡúܡ
ľ׳꣬ξԪݽˣƽڳ˵Ķ䣬ȴһס
׳ꣿ
ľԪݽߣ
һΣФŶ񣬺ü
ǰ˵ľԪݽߣеˡڣλԽʦȴ˵ľ׳ꡣԱ˵ȻԸžԵĻĻ
ϼˣһҲһ˫ĿŹžԡ
Խϼֿ㣬æѰҵľԭ򡣡ϵԾ˵
ԵΪԶ˵ڣҪһĻλҪκ
֮ǰ񾫻Чʱ򣬾Ȼûҵľ˵ԭ򣬵ҲȷľԲԪݽߡ
ڿ˵ľԪݽߣԾ;ÿЦ
ʱҲˡΪȷʵܱ֤ľԪݽˡûмڣ֮˵ľԪݽߣֻһڣҲһԼ˵أ
Ա˫Ŀٶתʼϸļľ
յʱ䣬Եüͷ
û⡭ֹ
ľһ飬ȷʵûзκ⡣ƺһжľȴʵʵڵģ⵽ô£
ת
ô߼ʦ޲߲ûԭģľڵ⣬ȷʵͬһ㡣
֮󣬾Կʼڶ顣Ȼǣһ
ҶԴҲΪˡҡͷ
飬ѾҪˡϸĽľɨ飬ֵܷ⣬ǿ϶Ѿˡ
ڵֻ˵յǬڵǲҵ֢ڡ
ҡͷ
ϼڵˣһһӶ
ʱ򣬾Ҳ۾ˡ
Խн𣿡żѯʡ
ˣЩʦҲȫԡ
ʵڱǸҲΪľȻ׳꣬Ԫ뻹֮ãڵ⣬ҿҲ޲ߡҡҡͷ̾һ˵
Ҳ⣬ɲӣſڴƻƴƴһ
һΪôͣԭҲˡһǵ˵
Ȼϼڵ˷ǳŵľ
嵤ʦԽʦ޷ҳľ֢ᣬҲʹô񾫻ľĻ𡣡Фü岻ĵȵ
ߣһ
ԽѾϼڴæˡ㼰ʱ֣ľͻˡڣٻܴʮꡣϼڣмʮʱѰ취˵
ûκαԹ˼
Ե˵ͷ
ˣ
ʱСڵ
СڣôˣСڽ
ˣҷľвԾĵطˡС͸˷ܵھԺ
ţɫһ
СڷľĲԾطԵ˫Ŀ֮УĹ⻪һ
Сڣ˵˵㷢ʲô׷ʡ
ľڣһŹŹֵľΪһ壬˵ûκεⷴ䡣˷żʱ򣬲ûзĴڡСȴˡСЩˡ


1258 а
СڴݸԵ֮УԵġ㿴Ҷ˼
һΣҲСں
һָоСڷֵӦþǵľ˵֢ڡ
ھСʱϼˣѾ׼ʦ뿪ɽ
壬ǲĵʦ˵žԵĻãƾһ㣬Լ
Խ߰ɣ¥ԾԽһ
Ȼûҳľ֢ᣬȶԾԵӣδκεĽ͡ԽѾõ㹻֤ٱҪǿ
ҲվǿžԣȾһ뿪
һ£
׼뿪ȴͻȻ
ڳˣȫ΢΢һ㶣Ŀ⿴ԡ
ܿ˵ԽϼڣѾ׼ϯ͵ģԺϯϣϼڻϡ
ΪҪͣô˵һ䡣
£ʦ¶Ϸʵ񣬾þ̫Ｑˡ
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ݳͣϼڲˣ
ˡҡͷ
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ŶϼˣᡮŶ
ͻȻ뵽һֿܡ֮ǰʱûעһ㣬ҴټһľҲ˵飬Ѱһڡ
Фºһۡ
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ⲻ˷ʱ𣿡
ΪԼˣ岻ֹ
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Сڵİ֮£ԵܿסľڲһСƬ
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ԸܵúǺǿ󡣵ǣȴŷǳǿҵıϢһѪĿֲžԵ
þԳԾǣ֮ǰľȫںΪһ壬ͺΪľһ֡ѹԼûκεĲҪСڵķ֣һξԣǲܷĴڡ
ƺǸо˾޴вøΪǿˡھǿ֮£޷ѳȥ
ʱȫȷľˣΪΪھԵĸ֪£֣֮УľϢ
а
ľȻ׳ھôԿƣľȫɵĿǰ޷ˡת
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ˣ㣡Сڵ
ϣԵͬСڵ
Сܷڣ˵СڶȽС
䣡СһͷԱ͵ĳ
߾ͷĲɱ
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ɱ֮УСھȻǴ·硣Сڿǰ˼Դ̺ѾǳǿˡɱȴǱԵѹơСڵĳ󣬾ԾɶˣϵĸС֧Ԯ
ʱƣСԽսԽ£оԵԴԴṩͲʲôͲˡӿʼʱռϷ磬Ѿǽڽڰˡ
ʱϼڵ˻ڳĸ߼ʦǣһЩɵˡ
Ȼûͷų꣬Ϣ仯ǷǳԵġ
ʲôˣ
ԽʦϢô仯ǿң
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Ф¡ˣľսתͷȻûп˵ÿ˵񣬶˾֮ɫ
ӾԵϣʱıǿ겨ǵȻ֪


1259 
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˵ڳĸ߼ʦ졢ȵȶԵûоˣҲܿϵĲͬѰ
ϼڵм꣬ҲӰ쾰ԣԶսֻͣ۾žԡ
ʱСĲɱҲ׶Ρ
ڽڰ˵ɾСһ֮£
ǾԽľڰ룬ɶˡ֮и֮£ں̵ܶʱڣ˶İ롣
һԽ뵽ǬС֮ڡ
һǬС磬Ǽı£Ҳ֮Ϊ˷ֹԻ֮ԴʲôӰ죬Իס
ȻھԻʲôԼܸоͬһ㣬õúˣǷǳмֵıˣûֱӽ뵽ǬСʱ棬Ժʱϸо

ʰ󣬾Сڸ£ľһ飬ûзֵڶŽ˻
۾
ڳˣһɫһ䡣
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ФҲܽ׻ӣû̿ڡ
֢ѾҵˡԶ˵ͷ
һ
ϼˣҲһȵžԡ
ܽ𣿡ʵס˫ڣųĹʡ
ЦЦѾˡû⣬ľӦúָܻܿԪˡ
˵˵˳ָžԣСӣƭҡľûκα仯㵱ǶϹ𣿡
ǰľ֮ǰһ
Ǹо仯
ԽȻ˵ľ֢ڣܲ˵˵ʲô⣿
֮󣬲ߵʦʡ
Цһ
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ǸΪĻǽı仯ԼǼʱ֮ľϢֹͣˡֹƬ̣ľϢǿʼ
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ڵľϢڻǿȴûκεҼһ˵ľڵȷʵǵõ˽
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ˣ۾ֱǲһ塣
һ¹Ҫرע⡣ľ⣬Ȼˡ֮ǰİʱ䣬Ԫ˺ܴˣټ޴Ĵ񾫻ѩϼ˪ԣδļʮ굽һʱľȻҪȽƵĽȪˮ
꣬ľܳ׵ĻָúϵĻܻ֮á
˵ʧ֮Уֿڶ
ããˡͷ
һתǷ⣬Щߵúܽĸ߼ʦľ֢ᣬ֪ǺǣϧҲǡ
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仰հʦɫһڡ߷ߵĿ˾һֲۣ֪˵һЩʲôĻ
Ͼϼڷ涼ûҪԽʦ˵ľ֢⡣
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ǰ޷ԤϵԽĵ磬˰ɣԽȥμ۵䣬Ƕÿףɡ
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һϼڣ֣У

вٸ߼ʦԾԵ̬ȣԵı仯
ϣʵΪǵˡ㹻ǿܵõ˵ءͺ֮ǰǶأһĵ
ڳ˼ǳ׽ģʦԾԶ͸һ֮ɫ
˴񾫻ľƻӰ죬ַ˼ҵľ֢Ტһ˾ͽ⡣ڳʦ
壬ɾˡ֮ǰ˵ľԪݽߣأ


1260 е
£һĿȻ
գԽʦ֣ϼڵľɾҪλԶˡڳĵʦǵûʲôʧɶϼ˵Ǽֱڱ׳н
Ҳѹ֣ʱϼ˿񣬶ŭЩˣֻ¶Ū塣ֻΪɵأסûг֡ȻԽľ֢Ҳϼˣࡣ
Ȼ֮Խʦ֣¾ҪѸٴȻɢˡ
һƬУ뿪ɽ
ϼڷ棬һ̫ϳϹ۲ľФ¡λһͬžԵ˳ɽķΧ
Ф°ϯ뵤ʦǸ硣
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һ뿪ģʦˣ㶼
֮УｻƱյһƬ־
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֮УФٴվĿȻǿԡ
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ФˡԵ˵
ĿǰΪֹФȻԾ˵һЩȴδκεǸ˼ФµϺУҲûпκεĲ
Ф°ڰּ˵֮ǰԽϼڣҪһŻ
⻰˼˶
ŻǷǳҪԳϼľкܴһԭҲΪŻ
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ڴ˼ϯϣһֱڵϼŻڵˡ
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ʲô˼ȻǲԸͳһŻ
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֮ǰҲãһӦûԽһŻȴ벻Ф£ǹӲţˡ
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죬Խ˵żɣФüһۡ
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ֳϣΪŶɴľȻʡԣ˵úίȻί񣬿˵Դܲͬ
˵Խ֮ǰҲʱϼڣŲμŻ˼ϼƼԽҲƼˡ˵
ФµɫԽ
֮еգͻȻ֮ǳơ
ڳˣ£Ȼ̫ʷԡ
˵ģҲ֪ǣԽʱϼڣҲǺƼμŻᡣκһƼһʦȥμŻᣡŵҪФµĸִ֣һ¶š֮⣬˵ԵǿΪͲˡ
֮Уһ˵ĻƺͲܱĵĲɡ
ʵϣФںģһŻھԵһϼʱþľƳɹܺԥһԡ
ǣʱûôǸһŻǲ˵Фʹ
Ф£ôܴ
ФˣʱƫִòʹޡˣܾԼˡĿǰΪֹԾԶûκεǸ˼
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ʱ򣬾λվ


1261 ڵģ
е⣬ǳš۾Ф¡
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Ф£һŶǿߣڳ˼ֻҲ˼һִֻġ

Ф˼ѾˡһЩɣʵǲҪȥҵģԵöࡣԵƽŨŨ⣬ȴ˴ĵ׷
ȷʵʧ͸
Խ콹Ҫ˵
һ֣˵ˣϾϼڵӡ
仰죬Ҫ˱顣
죬վûٶԣֻƣݺݵϣžһ
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Ф¸һ
ҧҧݣϷһƿ֡
λ߳ǰ
Խһͣ¡˫ֽƿ͵ǰ
ֽӹ򿪿һۡ
ʯ飿ǺöҾˡԽƿ
ƿڣԼʮεʯ顣磬ʯǼԴǶڵľ˵ҲǷǳҪҼѵõĶ֮ǰԵϣҲֻʣεʯˡ
ԽġܱǸĶԾкܴǸ⡣
԰ڰ˵ˣֲŴ˵ҰϼľһǿϣһǿϡȻŻҺҪҲδԴҪЮ뷨Ȼľ֮ǰͻˡ
ȻЦ˵˭ܿóʧ
г̾һ
ԽӦȥܲܵõһФԻﻰ⣬һԼ˼ҲЩջ
𣿻ɣЦФҴԤеڵġΪľڣ
󼸸֣Եء
ڣФ£ӲڡԽǲΪҲġФ֪Իص˼
ǾĿԴԵǣ
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ҡҡͷû˵ˡ

ʱһȥ
Խ֣׵ں
ʲô嵤ʦԣʤ
ôܣ嵤ʦǶù۵׵Ķ߼ʦôһԽĵʦ
ģԽ񣬻ϼľˣ嵤ʦ޲ߵľ
⡭⡭
УҪ̳ǰϼǰڷλԽʦлһ¯ҩͺˡ
Խʦһʱںͷ
ҽģ򸽽ӿ
ʱƣǰݷþԵߣȷʵԽԽࡣһֱ翵¥סЩݷõˣӰȽϴģԾͲȥˡôˣҲͼ
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ڣ
Խڴˣ¥
ڣһ
ڣҲһʱ䣬Ȼ֪Ӵšϼڣ֮ͬһšڣڴϼƿسϼǰݻԼ


1262 
ϼڣͬΪ֮ĹϵǶѹԷһͷҲͲܺͺ
ϼǣȴϼڵĵ̣ϼڵϳ¼ڴǲϼйġ
˲뵽ڴһˣֻΪݻԼ߼ʦô򵥡
Խڴ߾ٷˣ޴ҲˣʱڵԽȥ˵žԡ
һ
ѹֹ¥˼
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ͷתת˵¥ǰ·
áæӦ
翵¥һ֮УԼģӡڹ¥Ľ֮£֪ɫ۵ıޡɫ۵ģڴ߾ٷ
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΢֮УһĨ⡣
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߾ٷ仰ȫǿԵòȷʵЩԾ
ȻԽ֣󣬴Ҳ˵Խʦᡣɵļˣ߾ٷȻЩԤϡ
λˣҪɱҰԴ˸
ں֮У翵¥¥ȣҲһͬš
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У߾ٷϼڴФµΪӦǽӽġھŶ֮УǱȽǿĴڡ
ˡ
ںʱ䣬˵˹һЩλ֮ǿ潻ֹǲ·硣Ȼ˵λֵֻ֮ǴнΪͨĴڣƾŶ񾳽磬濹⣬˵λսǿ
ܵһߵȻһ㡣
λţ֮˵ϻһЩϣЩߣӡ
ھǰԵȻҪúôһ
ԽιҪԭһǣ˵ԽʦϼľǺ嵤ʦ̲סҪʶԽϣûдŵԽڵڶԭ˵ԽҪμɽȾٰŻᡣ˵š
߾ٷԱţʱû˵
˿ˡţȷʵμɽŻᡣԵ˵ͷ
תĿ˿߾ٷ
߾ٷ̿˵ԽϼڣõһŻȴϼھܾˡ
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Ŷüë΢΢̧̧
ʵϣ֮ǰԾͲµֿܡ߾ٷ׿˵Ȼ΢΢Щ
ŻᣬԾ˵ȷʵ̫Ҫˡ
Զһµ߾ٷҪҸʲô
ڣǲܰװ͸һŻƼᣬκһǷǳҪϡȱġԿɲΪ߾ٷǰװһԼ
ϣԽܼڣųְ񣬴ڲμŻᡣ߾ٷЦݣֻһҪ󡣡
ڣγϣü
ʱڣڲμŻᣬǾûκ⡣üڣǾͲǾԸˡڣԼոմӵ͵ǻᡣ
üڣҪô죿
ҡҡͷ˵߾ٷɢˣڵγϣʵΪѡ
仰߾ٷ΢΢Щʧ
һת˵ԽĵԼڵγϣᱻֽŴӶʧȥɣǴɲءԽֻϡ
ϣһͷˡûйŵȨҲûΪ
ҲӦǸ߾ٷ˶ˡԼͬⵣͨȻãԼͬⵣͨϣǾ͵һϡ
ԽʦʢиǱԽʦϣŵӰ֮нкܴ


1263 
ʵϣϼڻڣڶǣûвԼġ
ǲŻ˼롣Ȼ˲ָЩ޾ѰߣЩ׿šһҪ׳벻ЩԴԴϱɽš
磬κһǸߵȡеȻǵ͵ЩǿϲǼЩҲⲿѪҺɱϾޣȻ޷ȡ
ԭܼ򵥡
ҪľԼԱţš£Ȼ޷ȡ
ĳһһߣܹһʱ䳤֮УҲᱻԽȥ
ڣ߾ٷصģǾԵĵϣڵϵԼţΪ˸һŻΪֵõġ
ò˵ǣ߾ٷҲǱȽˡȻǵ͹˾ܸϴĺôԵǿɲڵϡϣԿܹܶԪߵĴڡ
ŻϣԵı֣Իڴ޴ջֻһ㣬߾ٷȫ֪
ڸ߾ٷФµ˿һ߼ʦս϶̫ǿҲܹ˼άϾ磬󻷾ˡʦǣҪľǷڵϡ
һ˵ͨһʦݣһߣ˽ɱǼʦԴͨҲɱͨ
л߾ٷƼԸɴվ˹֡
ã̫ˣˣԽ֮˵ˣ߾ٷҲվЦ˵
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һ֮ԻϼǣӦ߾ٷ󡣸߾ٷ֮ǰҲǵģλԽʦ̫߰ԲŶһһôиء
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ˣȥɡ£üעˡФ°ڰ֡

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֮УҲֻи߲֪Եεֻϡƣͳĳϡ
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ʱһȥ
ˣˣ
һգǬСʹĦʱ͸Сڵ
ˣһ
ЧǺöСȻһ㣬оǳáСܻ졣
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֮󣬾Ծиһ㣬СɡȻҲСԼҪСھ
Ϊ˷ֹ⣬ԲֻиСɡһɣкܴЧԱһ£Է֣СڵǱ廹Ҫǿܶӡ


1264 Īĳɼ
ûֱӻľȻǶԵģ
ҲϲڿļֵȫԼ
Ҫ֪Сɵֻһѡ˵ٷ֮һ
Сڵ̶ȣȴǳɵһƷ塣
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ȱƺҲʲô⡣
ԵиһЩСȥɡ
ò˶ãСھܴﵽżԴΰɣ֪żԴжǿܣԶԽżСڣҲǺڴ
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¥͵龧ʯռ䷨ʱṩ˺ܴ
׽Ӵܺʥ߶֮ܽսⷨȴҪߣﵽΣлȥ
ʱ䡢ռ䡢ⷨԻҪ˵ַԶ򣬶ʲͬ
֮Уʱúܿ졣Ħʱ֮£ʮʱҲһζ

ԽϣʱˣǸöˣ
һգ߾ٷҾԣһ棬˵ôһ仰
ڡˣĿУ΢΢һ
֪߾ٷе˼һˣöǰɽȲμŻˡ
ڵƼһԻãõƼߣڲӡ
ԺܿͼԼһǰɽȵߣһһŮͨ񾳽磬ŮߣȴԪ񾳽硣
һ֮£ܽԪ񾳽磬磬ԶǱȽϺˡһУǸߵ֮Уһ֮µԪҲҲٸ
Խϡ߼̹֮
Ůߣޱ飬ȻҲԾԼ񣬿ȴЩԸӡԵĮڳ˶䵭
üŮߣѵԼʲôɼԼƺǵһμ֮ǰκνܵ
ô£߾ٷõĶŮʵ
Ӳ˼Ůߣķʡ
㣡ԽڳϣΪ̬ȣ߾ٷ˿
߾ٷҲ̬ȣþԲˡϧ͸һŻΪʲô£ԡԣ߾ٷǲŵĵӣ޹ʵŭԡ
ҲԿģ˼ǣ̬ȣûκιϵ
Ӳ޾̬⣡ɨ˾һۣԽϣҶ̬Ȳã⣬Ҷκ˶
ҡͷЦЦ
Ȼ˵Լκ̬ȶֲɵῴ֮еĲ
ȻҲ˾Ͷŭ߾ٷѯʣҲὫС·ϡ
߾ٷһȡ
ȷʵЩŭˡ
ʵţһֱǺܿصġһµԪ񣬶˵ǿǱҪȻôܵõһƼȻһͨȻδﵽԪΣҲǳӽˣͨеٮٮߡ
βμŻ󣬻ֱӴﵽԪĲΡ
һС£˴İɣЦЦԸ߾ٷ˵
˵ǸϽɣСˡԼ߲Լȫ⡣
ȷʵԽЩΪȻԽϻ磬ŻᣬǱȵǱΪŽһŻԽϣⲻʡôɫΣŲԽϡĻǵ˳
΢΢Ȼ
߾ٷҲ
仰˵󣬸߾ٷм̫ϳϣĬΪʵڲ֪ʲôɣ
ųϻԼ鼴ɣ£ġУԽϵλǶԽϲǶҲ߾ٷգֻԼѹˡ
סҲɴࡣ
Ϊ֪ôܸıŵľԽϻŻѾǶ֣޷ıĽ
СûʲôӰ졣һˣǰʱĳ츸ˣҲǸһ
ΪǸߵԿֱͨӵִ硣磬ÿһߵĴʹ


1265 
ӸߵĴʹ󣬱ɽȹԲõġ
ɽȹóľǿռ䷨
Ҫ֮䲼ôʹֻóռ䷨Ĵ߲ǾԶǼóռ䷨ĴߣҲһ޷ó
Ҫִ磬ҲֻͨʹҪ۷еִ磬ǼǲܵģΪҲλá
֮ͨĴʹ󣬾Եһˣܿ硣
Ŀռ䣬ԶԶһô󣬾͵򣬵Ҫࡣ磬磬ȴų塣
ڵִ֮־ڵĴ͵ɽȽϽĵطȻµķУյִɽȡ
һοɽȣҲǱ𶯡
ɽȣ忴ȥͷǳӴ󡣶þ𶯵ģӴɽȣ֮ϡ
ԸӦɽȵķԲǧﷶΧǶӡ󷨽ơ
嫵ĻֺϢʱ޿̲ڳŽӽÿһˡ
߾ٷᳵ·һˣҵ֮롣
ܿ죬Ӱӽ֮䣬ٵǰλá
ɽȵ߾ٷԾԽ˵

ٴĿϵϢȻΡǵͼ񾳽ߡ
ɽȵʵǿֲ
ȷ˸߾ٷݺ󣬽һ˴ɽȡǼ֮һ˱һ޴Ĵ֮С
ھԵ˽֮󣬾ͿѾвˡ
߾ٷˡޣһЦ˵
ƺѾһʱˡ
ΪһߵʸƼ˲μŻġ
еһŻƼߵһƼߵ֮ڵĴҲһƼĴǿߣͬƼһЩɢĶŶͨԵҲһŻƼ
֮ŻȻޱ󣬵˵ÿһμŻߣ治١
硣߾ٷЦŹ֡
粻磬ʱѡް֣˵ܻһЩˣʶԽʦһ¡λԽʦ
ԱߵһЩˣܾԡ
ҲӦǱⰲŸʹõġϼڵˣҲФ¡ʶĳϣڡ
ȻǺһڵһȺˡ
ʵҲȷʵˡ
ߵÿһߣһרʹá
մ˾ԵĹ⡣ǸžԣǾͻڶеߣʹù
ԭλԽںҾ˵Խ嵤ʦԽȥǾڴһɤźܴĿߣЦ˵
ֻǣȻ΢Ц֮Уȴ˸һþԲĿ⡣
Խ˳ƶԾԽһ˵Ŀߡ
Ҷ֮ҲĽúܡԼ򵥵ĻӦһ䡣
Ӧúܴˣǻ˼ǧϹ
˵˵
ˣ㶼½
ҵ˵ƼԽʦμŻʱ򣬻ЩšڿӦˡɤ˵
˵һŻѡ߾ٷ΢һ˫ü
ҾûиţФӦҲûġ˵磬ԽȥϼҪһŻФûдӦĿһתһɫФ¡
ӾԽ˲䣬Ф¾뾰Զһۣ˵񶼺䡣Ծ΢Ц
ϼڵƼѾȷȥ򣬼ԽʦֻһʦҿҲƼԽʦμŻġФЦЦ
Եӣ
Ф£ڴ֮УǶԼʦݼȻϣûʲô𾴣֮Уǹģڳκֻ¶ó
߾ٷɫҲÿֳĬû˵ʲô
΢΢һЦ˵磬ҲΪǿʦԽᣬǱ޴˭ܱ֤ԽܴﵽŶ񾳽磬ܾأ
Ц
ЦƬ˵˵ģȷʵеǱǮԽԺеʱ䡣һβμŻᣬҲܵõһö𣿡


1266 սϢ
μŻߣÿˣŻʽʼ֮ǰõһö
Ƶʵ书ЧȴԶԶͼ
ռǵͼ
ռγɣǼµģߣҲԵɡ˵ڻ֮Уڶڣȴռ䡣
棬޷֮ڶ࣬ռֻһˡ
ʱ˵ܵõһöһζˡ˼˵ڵһֶսͻʧܣֻܵõŻῪʼǰһöûа
ⷬʵ
ϣͻȻ¶Цݣ˵
ھһʣǲԼеĵطʱһ뾰С
߾ٷĴǸ߾ԣ嵤ʦϵǳ
˲ϢףΪһԼͳ˵⡣
嵱Ƥˬ𣿡˳š֣˵ȥϵЦݣҲЦ
ȻҪΪͷǾǲ̿
ԵĻ϶ʱһ㺮˪۾Ҳз
Խƺˣֻ˵ʵԽᣬԵ͵򣬿ܶŻᲢ˽⣬֪еѴҿԸԽŻϣԪ񶼿
Ǻǡ
Խһͨ񾳽ʦ˵Ԫ񣬾ֻͨҲ׶༪ٰ˵ǳԹªš
ĻȴһȻһڵԼӵ͵ԼѾ顣ֻ£Լˣֻһ
ҺõԼǴӰɳۣǴ
ڹ𣿡ˣ嵤ʦϵܡǹңҪҡ룬ֻҪʧˣܻ˶룬ŻϣҲֹڵһ֡ʱܾˡ
𣿡
ҵҪԽЦüʱһ
֮ĻҩζŨҵöЩǺˡ
ͻȻЦ˵ܲμŻᣬһˡߵڼ֣Ƕλ룬ôμŻᣬһ֣ͻᱻ̭һ롣˭ܱ֤Լ뱻̭һ֮أ
޹ؽҪ˵һ䣬ⷬΪԽΧ˼˵һֱ̭Ҳ
֮Фµ˵ͷŻϣ񣬶˵Լضͨһ֡ʷ֮УҲûڵһ־ͱ̭ӡ
߾ٷԽʦӦʮġҪȻôԼһӣƼԽʦأФ»һת˵
ФҶĻ׳氡ôģȻ֪߾ٷԣˣûʲôŵ㣬Ҳ֪һǾ֪ͼ
ФһʰܽϼڵľûбԽĻ֪㻹ܲЦó߾ٷ˵һ
㡭Фһ
£ֱе˰ˡ
˺ˣüࡣ
ڳˣû˸ӡѾЩŭļФ£ʱĬ
һʱ䣬û˵
֮ɽȵԱȡһööɫĹʵһʮöЩʵ
֮УһʮμŻߡ
ƼƼϼƼƼһʮöպһһö
ڽַϺɽȳԱ˵λμŻĵ׼ʮ֮󣬽ṫս
˵仰˾뿪˴
֮ʮʱ䣬ȻòμŻߣġ
ˣɽԱ뿪󣬱㵱̷ȥ
һö޷ǵʵʮ֮Укܴһ㣬ܿŻϸıˡ
ʮˣֻоû̷ǽ
Ƿǳıϻ֮Դʹãǲܴﵽջ񡣶֮ڣȻʺϽǬС磬Ծʱ
ʮʱ䣬ָ
ʮǰɽߣһΣһЩֽһֽȫ
֮Żʽʼ仰ת߳
ԵˣĿⶼޡŵģǵһֶսϢ


1267 һ
УһŽɫֽϣȻһμŻֵ֡ĺ棬жӦļϢ
ʱǾԵȼŻսʮߣǸ߾ٷФԼǣǽߣһŽɫֽϡ
ЩɫֽһܵͷţµϢ֮ܿг
ֱʣ
ЩضսϢȻһĶ̺ŨϢ
ʱһ
ߣսʼʼĪߣһŽɫϵϢݡ
ĿͿųϡ
ߣһɫ΢΢һ䡣Ȼڵһͨ񾳽ߡ
ȻɫƽǴ˫Ŀ֮УóԵЩŵģϢҲ΢΢Щ仯
û취ʼ֣޷šʼ֮УΪǿǻʼûеڶʼȡʼĵһλ֮ǰͽǿߣڴУλǱȽǿġ
ʼʵиߵĴ֮УҲڶСʼɲڡϼԼЩܱȵġ
ʼ߸ŻƼһ㣬Ҳܿʼǿ֮
ʼĪģͨ񾳽Ϊԡһλ̫ϳϣ̾ͼ򵥱Īĵ硣

ûô˵
ʼߣȻáǽĪĵߣȴһͨ񾳽磬ɱԪǿˡ٣лڶ֡ԪǾȫûлᣬھͿб̭ˡ
ͷҲ΢ɳһ
˵ԼҪԵĶ֣ǻʼߵʱĶ
ڶŽɫϢݡ
ߣսŮȸߣ
ڶŽɫϵϢݶϣûһĿע
ԣҲ˿Ԫ񾳽ߡ
ŮȸߣҲԪ񾳽硣һλϣü˵
ԪԪȷʵһ¡Ԫһͨǽ˵ǰ϶ˡŻһֶս֮УԪͨļǺܸߵģȴͬԪ
ȷʵЩġ
߾ٷҲüǼġƼˣֻԪϣܶΣΪڶȡһЩڣһֽһܴϰ
ڵһ־ͱ̭Ǿ˺ѽˡ
Ѿȷκ˶ܸġ޷ܣֻܽܡ
ŽɫϢݡ
ܿ죬Ͷ˵ھŽɫ
Խߣսľߡ½ɫĿ⿴˿ԡ
ŽɫϣǹԽʦĶսϢ
߾ٷ˿Խֿߵųϡ
ľͨ񾳽ߡһλڳϣͳ˵
˿ԣּ˵Ȼһͨ񾳽ߡǣȴΪӽԪ֮һľ򣬴󣬶Һᡣ˵ߣӵоŶǱ
ˣɫòÿ
ͨͨҲкܴġеͨҲͱ׼ǿһ㡣еͨ񣬾ɱ׼
һɱ׼ߵĴڡ
߾ٷҲ̾Ϣһ֪ԽʦҪŻսڶ֣ǲܵˡԽʦݣЩûʲôͨ񣬿ܶûʲôڣǿͨ񣬾͸ûˡ
ˣɫЩѿһԪԽϣһڵıȽϲ
ɫôôѿǲ˰ҪúϢע尡һЦŸ߾ٷڿ˵
߾ٷݺݵһۡ
ԽϣʵǿսʱҪСġ߾ٷžԣ˵
ŻսǺΣգŪþͻˡ
ÿһŻսУкܶսҲͰˣԽǵʦɲڶս֮С
ģЦЦԸ߾ٷ˵
ԽϣǸ˵ɱԺءҲž˵һ䡣


1268 С
ԼƼԽϲμŻ΢ʣ˵仰ܿҲϣС
ᵽŵɱԺأѾҪСġ
лѣԶЦЦ
Ťͷٿԡ
ܿ죬ʮŽɫϵϢȫһ顣
ԶߣҪԵĶֲ̫ģĶ֣ԵĹעһ¡ò˵ҪԵĵһֶսֻ֣ͨߣûʲôͨ񡣶ԷͬһеƼߡ
ѾӦǱȽлͨһֽڶֵġ
ܺãҪԵĶʵǿͬʱˣҲǲϵЦЩϼһ֪Խϵǿ
ԼĶȻʱ䲻֮ս֮ͨǽǿĲˡԽǰȴǺм֮
ŵʵǷǳǿͨУԳƵϵĶΡԽǾˡ
쿴֮ͨУûսʤλԽԽƥеֻͨ磬Ҳҳ
ԽսӦһԪġ
ԣ̲סЦȵԽս֮Խ˻ʲô顣
ʱϼФ£һЩԹˡУ̲ס뿴Ф»ڲı顣
ڴڣʲôû˵ȻеФµǰ԰һأǶǾŶ֮еǿߡ

ʱһ֮Уľá
ľһͬͺܴߣңһλŮߡʱոն߽ҪսĶϢ
Խߣ

ԽһʦݡڣƼһʦμŻᡣ
߾ٷӽˮ˰ɣǣҲһͨˣһʦΪ˻һö𣿡
֮У˼Ц
λǻǸԽʦ̫˽ɣһ۾Ц֮УͻȻ˵
Ŷ⻰ʲô˼ԽĪʲôͷɣһתĿ˵
Цһ˵ԽʦȷʵһʦҲո¶ͷǣǻûرעˡ˵Ǻ嵤ʦǾһ֪ˡ
λȻѾ֪Խʦ嵤ʦ֮䷢顣
嵤ʦǵȻ֪λʦùʦ˾ٰ۵ס˵ʲôѵԽʦ嵤ʦʲôѰϵɣһˣתĿʵ
ʱ򣬴ڵˣҲͣĿȻĿ
嵤ʦڳˣ󲿷ֶİûˣҲ˵
Ůֻ΢ЦҲ˵
˶ٲż˵嵤ʦʮǰλԽʦйһγͻڵϣйֱӵĽ
Ŷ
£
λԽʦЩͬѰˡ嵤ʦڵϽ϶ЩµİɣѰ߼ʦֻûŵĴ۾𣬵ͷ˵
Щ£
ǺǣλԽʦı¿ɴȥˡ嵤ʦĽܡһ
ڵˣϢ΢΢һˣȻһ䣬Ŀ⣬Żոµ
ʲô
ôܣ
Ҳ˵嵤ʦĵһ磬Ҫҵ廹ҪǿĵʦҲô׵ɣԽ֮ǰδ˵֡ĵôܱ嵤ʦҪǿŴʹ˵Լ޷Ļ
ʵľ򣬾ȽԶϢûдǣںڵʹˡ嵤ʦɨأмʮʱûй¶ˣ˵ǱչʵϣǾöԲŶƵ˵
һǲš
ϢǴģ
ǺǣӦʲôС԰ɣϢŵġôһЩʦˣԱˣŪһЩСֶΣͼųʦͷˣ̫ˡУ󲿷˶˵Ϣʵ


1269 
һתĿɨЩмˡ
ûٶ˵˼
˵Ϣʵġ
ʱľȴͻȻڡƮƮĻŴˣϵı飬΢΢ס
λԽʦж嵤ʦ֮ϵġٶǰϼڵľϢˣ嵤ʦԴΪձλԽʦ֣ľġϵϣŸĪЦݣ˵
еˣʶһ
Ȼ˵ȻЩϢһʦͻȻðбȳѾõ嵤ʦӳڵĵȷʵ˾췽ҹ̷˼
Ҳף˼Ȼ׿ô˵ˣϢͿ϶ġ˵һЩСǲƴңľˣȴǾԲĵ顣
Խ㵤ٳΣŻսȵɲǱǵǿսУҲѹͺһֻϡ
ŵʱ˵
˵ûŻᣬǱǱȵԽطˣӦȥμӵʦ˵۵䣬μŻᡣǺǣһʦŻᣬ֪ԼŰ𣿡ҲЦЦ˵
ԼŵǺġʵֻҪԪߣʹɷġ
ԽĵʦҲСˣ֪ĴڡڶսУֱɱԽʦǶ˵ǲǻкܴĺôأĿһת͸һݣԼŵ˵
Ŷһ
Խո¶ͷǵģȻ˵Ѿõ֤ʵǣĹϵ϶ԶԶܾõĵʦȡɱԽ񣬻ĲŴʲô̫鷳׳Լŵ
˵ŻᣡŻˣǲǺͱŻᰡ
ŻϣսߣһЩд󱳾ģ˵ߵͽܡҲû˵ĸΪͽŻϾͲϧһиġ
ǴΪͽܱм䣬ҪǣɽȵĹŻĹأɽȹһǿ߶µġ
ѰĴ˭ɽȹˣ
Ц˵ͷԽʦ䣬Ҳ
仰˼ѾˣǸڶսпɱԽʦ
У˶һۡҶûȥȰ˵ʲôֲʶԽʦҲûκνΪ˳ͷοðȻȰ˵ܵš

׼ʱ䣬һξͽ
һ죬ŻĶսҪʼˡ
ԵڵĴ֮УһЩʱ䣬վͱ
Լڰʱ֮ǰڵǽڻͱ͸̬ĿӴԼֲڵܵһЩ֮еӰͬܿ
ˣ
һ嫵ĿܣͻȻ֮䣬ڵϿճ֣ǵһȻֵܣ͵ĴϷڶ֮еߣĸӦ
һܵĽ٣һɫӰڵϿձ
еĿ⣬˹ȥ
һ˫òӡ嫵ܣǴͷų
ִˣ߾ٷ£ֹһ䡣
ǿ֣ɽȹ״֮һ
ɽȹӲ٣״ӣȴֻ߸ִܣ֮һ
ɽȹ״ӣֻһǾŶԶǴ֮ΡΨһľŶҲͨŶ
ޣֹ֮ܵľŶ磬ΪսȴߵľŶ
λ״ӾŶӿ¡˵λŶ޾֮Уܹ֮ʱ֮λŶһı߷棬ֱɱ
֮ղй״ӾŶĶӡ
粻ʲôܣܶ˶֪ΪˣȻΨһľŶӲǴߣȴû˸Сӡȥɽȹ״ӵ֮⣬ҲͬԵõܶߵء
λִˣ֮ڹ״֮У塣
һŻᣬִˡ΢۾ͷ˵
ʱλִܣĿɨд
ûκα鲨ֻſڣһϵ쳹ÿ˵ĶС


1270 Ķս
ˣʶסԼĺ
Ժ֮УֻеϿִһ仰ڻ졣
Żᣬһֶսʼ
仰Ժ֮ɢʱ
ִֻ̽Լֱۣ֮һλӶ
֮䣬֡գ֮䣬һɫƯڿռеս̨ɼսֺ̨֮΢΢𶯡·Ӵĵȥ
Ƭ̺󣬺ɫս̨䵽˵ϣ˵Ľ£𶯸оһͬǳ޴ս̨㳬סǺɫս̨ܣĪķ֮֯żȻ䣬ܿҫĹ⻪ͻȻŷʧڿռ
صĺ嫵ϢǽƬĿռ䶼ڡ
ִ±˫֣˵ʼʼͯߣս˫ߡ
ִܻº󣬾Աǿӻʼ֮У߳һߡʼͯԡ˫񹬵̣Ůԡ
Ӱͬʱ˺ɫս̨֮ϣһһŮңңԡ

һս˾߾ٷզ˵
Ǹͯ񾳽ߡڻʼ֮УӦһһ˰ɣ߾ٷԽҡҡͷ
λ̣ҲͨߣһԪҲС˫ڰµе̳˫񹬣ӦǶ̱кܴϣɣϧ̫ͯ𣬿϶ᱻ̭һ̫ϳҲҡͷ˵
Ф¡ˣҲۡ
һڣȻҲʼͯЩӦö֪ھ񣬵ŻǾ㲻ɾŶ񣬿Ҳ಻Զˡ
ͯŴǱ֮ӡ
̣ͯ׼𣿡ִѯˡ
˶ִܣͷʾԼ׼ˡ
սʼ˵ͷִܣϢһһսʼ
ɫս̨ϵˣȡԼͯһɫĴӣʹõģһƥ
ֻͯһŭ
ţеɫӣſֲѹϮɱ˹ȥ̣æӶźɫϼƥֵ
ۣɫӣֱӻƥķ
֮һֲǽ̵ס̵棬һĻٵ
žણһĻûܰȡʱ䡣
Ļһֱ֮Ӿ鿪
ţ˾Ϳ̵ֱӾͻΪޡ
һУ
ֻһУֻֻͯһӣͽҳޡ
ɫս̨ϣֻʣͯһˣԼļƷˣ
пᣡ
ŻᣬôĲпᡣ˵ŻһܴĻᡣͬʱҲҪ׼ʱӭǻҲΣա
һս֮е̣žŶǱţԼżս̨ϣȴĻᶼûУͱֱͯ
ս̨֮ϣãһɱԲصıԼʵǿܶߣǻܾƬȻ䡣ãɱԺصıԼʵǿܶߣڶսʼʱֱ䣬Ҫκν
̾ǰ֮
ֱ̱ԶЩûзӦһԪߣô˺ɫս̨֮ϡһսִܽг˵֣˺ɫս̨ϣٵ̱ɱҲͲżʱ䡣
ھڴУݶǲ̫ƽ
ˣôˣ
Ԫ߰˵̣񻹲ʮ꣬Ǳǣûлȥˣ궼ûʣ¡߾ٷ̾һЩϧ
ФºλҲĬԿһԼŵߡ
ԼŵߣҲǿںɫս̨֮ϵġ
ͯһսͯʤִܣ·ûκθ鲨һսͯʤΪ
ͯתִܹ˹뿪ɫս̨
ڶս򡭡һսոսִûиڳָʱ䣬ٴֱӽгҪжս֡
ŻĶսһС̣ʱҲȽϳܻڼ֮Żһ֡Ͼʵɱһսɱʮ춼ܡÿһսͯڼʱھܽġ
ʱĴ֮У˫ˣɫÿ¡ǵ˫֮У˸Ųŭ档ǣûκΰ취
μŻᣬˣ


1271 ֵ
һսĽš
ڴ֮УԲûһֱעǾ޴ɫս̨ϡϾÿһսԪǿ߲롣Ķս֮ͨеġ
֮ͨĶսԿɾûȤעĦˡ
Ȼܳ͸򣬵Ҳ¿Ծó龧ʯռ䷨ЧǵһЩܹЩġ
һ죬ɽȵԱһӰ
Ӱ͵Уֽ佻ڴ
ΪӰ֮м¼ģͻʼ߶ս˶ͨߣһսУܶԷʤ
һսҲ΢һ£˵ʵջʤҲĳɷ֡˵ʵڲ֮䣬ɱ˽ʮŷֳʤ
Ľϴй⣬ڣܳʱﶼ޼ɵЦߣҲڼ˷֮ɫ
𣬺ܿҪˡЦ˵
ˣܲ磬ʵҲںܽڶ֣ǲ˳һ¡˵֮зųȡ
ҲҪģǶ˵֮󣬹ܻʼӵӰ򣬾ͻģԺ󣬽ʶ㡣ҡҡͷɨһ۸߾ٷˣƵ˵
Ӱ򴫱磿֮ǰû⣬仰ȴ΢΢һ㶡
ô£
ŻսӰ򣬻ᴫȥ
죬ѯ¡
ɵĿ˾һۣѵԽԴ˲֪
ŻĶսÿһᱻ¼Ǵģļ¼һӰ֮СЩӰ򣬻ͨɽȣǴһߵȻеȡ͵ӡ
ڼ֮Щ¼Żս龰Ӱ򣬱ᴫǧ
ǲμŻ߻ڵҲͬȻʧܵһɾûȺˡעģֻЩʤߡ
ܿ͸˿϶ĻӦ
ɫʱһڣѹȻӡ
ԼҲҪŻսһжս¼ԼӰͻᴫȥ
ȻԼֱˣԼòص̬Ϣûиı䡣ôɽ˿Ӱ֮󣬻
һ
ô죿ǵת
ڰھǰģûʲôѡءμŻᣬҪ¶ݡ뱩¶ݣǾֻܷŻᡣҪɽȿƹԼսӰ򴫲ȥȻʵ˵ԼССߣЩߣܶûʸɽ̸
ɶ񣡡εĺһ
ˣֻƴˣŻϱֳɫлʦߡʱдܱӣɽɽҲɵɣܼʼǿɽɽ϶޷ǿֱɱˡֱӽɽȵĻ
΢΢ɳһ
ڣҲֻһһҪμŻᣬǾԾԲġֻͨ񾳽磬ûŻ˵ԼҪﵽŶǻ֪Ҫȶꡣ
ԼʱݱܿɽǿһֱɽҲԼܶһһǧ꣬ѵܶʮ
ԣֻǰ壬ƴһѼˡ
ԼֻҪŻϱֹɫǰʦܣӦûܴ
һ˵ԼʦʧܣԼϵԸΪһЩǿĴרʦӦҲܵõܱӣԼӮȡɳ㹻ɽɽʱ䡣
Խôˣɫһ䡣
û£ֻ뵽һЩõ飬޷ˡԻӦһ䣬ûᵽɽ顣Ϊ֪ˣҲϰæ
ڣʮμŻߣҲϵˣһֶսˡ
еĳɹеʧܱ̭ǰ˸μӶսУһ˺ɫս̨֮ϣϼڵһͨ
ǰ˸УҲ˶սĶһһԪŮȸɱ˶Էýһֵʸ
һսҲرעˣʵȷʵǿڶսУʩչֳͨ
ĽҲø߾ٷɳһФǰһ֡
ڣھŸҪμŻսģǾԡ
ڴڣҲֹͣеĵִܽгԼ֡
ӵһֶսʱ򣬵һŻսѾ˽ӽʱ䡣


1272 Ҫѹ
Żսһ֣ҲѾ˴롣⣬һʱͻȫ
ľߣսԽߣ
ֻ֮ڡ
˫ü΢΢һ
ڵˣĿ̧𣬿ĺɫս̨ԼϿдֵӰ
ͬʱ֮еҲ䵽˾Եϡ
߾ٷĿУɫ˵Ծ˵̫˽⣬ʶ񣬾ԸĸоȻͺᣬԸȽϳȣǸ֮ˡǣԼҲһԤУǾǾԿܲŻս䡣
ΪǿҵԸҪμŻᣬĿģΪһöվǰ͵Ȼǳ󣬵ԾԵĵֻҪ취վǿͨ;õġ
кܵġ
ϼڵһ˫Ŀ֮Уžͬ¶еɫԾԣһֱв˼ΪФ֮䣬һЩҡڣȻ뾰ԼûκνⲢľԵ
ģҲԵÿġǺϵļڽ֮ɫ
Խʦսŵʱ䣬Ƕ붼С
ʦμŻ᣿ߣ֪Ķ
ŻϣȷʵܳʦǸ߼ʦӰ
һ߼ʦȥʦˣɱս̨ϣʲô
ڶĿע֮£һ뿪˴
ԽϣСģһԣ䡣߾ٷվ̲ס仰˵˳
ȻΪ˸Ա棬
Ը߾ٷ仰ûлӦ˴һ̤͵˺ɫս̨֮ϡһͬһɫӰ䵽ɫս̨뾰ңңԡ
ǾԽ񣿡
ĸ㲻һʦŻʲôѵʰ
˵ˣڵϽ嵤ʦȥ˵ڵϵ츳԰ˡڣƫƫҪμղпŻᡣ

Ӵܵһ֮Уʵв˵Ŀ⣬ս̨ϵľԡ֮Уܶ˶֪ڵϻ塣ΪˣǲŲ⣬ԼȻڵȡôĳɾͣΪҪŻա
ľ
ҪǰϲˡһսûκˡƼߣͨ˵һ֡Ϣ֮ŵҪһˡľһ˵
Ҳһֱһɳ죬кܴϵȻŻϣҲǺܲһʦ֣ɾܽڶ֡һЦҲ϶ܹɻԽʦӶڶ֡

ǿ֣ɨ;ԡ
Ŀ⣬ȴھԵϣ΢Ƭ̡
֣ȷʵҲǶԾԣ΢һֹעΪģΪʦݡ
Żϣ˵ȫûʦμӡǣʦǳٷǳ١ŻᣬһٰһΡͨʮŻ֮Уһλָ߼ʦټ
߼ʦĵλ˵ѾǺܸˡûҪðΣղμŻᡣߣʦ׷󲢲УǸϲе
ˣֲŻԾԶעһ֡ȻҲͽ˶ѰˡԽʦڵжôڣȻμŻˣôɽȾͻὫһԴȥ⻯
Ҫڹؼʱ̳־Ⱦԣǲܵġǣܼʱ䡣
Խ׼𣿡ϵĿѯʡ
Ժ֣˵ͷ
սʼּ˵ͷһ
ԽʦǷһ˿Ŀžԣţ˵ԽʦĴʵ̲סЩ˷ܡ
Ŷ΢У
ܲ˷ܰһ嵤ʦĸ߼ʦС벻ҲǲܵˣϣпݣЦ֮УɱȻ
뵽Լ磬̲סҪЦ
ڲ䣬㽫ԵĮдɱ㽫ԶҲ᲻ˡ
˵ͬʱϼֳƵĽھԵǰתš
ԵĻ·ܵ޷ܵ衣
һŭǿҵɱ⣬Ȼ䱬˳
˲Ϣ֮䣬жһ
罭ˮһӿķ֮ڳΧ
ֻ£еĺɫѾԣĹ
⣬·Ҫռ˺ѣ


1273 ΰ
Ȼͨ񣬿ľҲһˡ
սȻ
һƣͲͷųġûжóͨܣ乥ҲԱʩչγɵĹ
ûκγɣֱͷ˲ս׵ˮ
ʵϣսȷʵǿھǰȻûвġԲĽҪһЩʵ
ԶŻɲǼ򵥵Ľһ֣ҪŻоԼ硣ôڣزֵʵԺȻкܴôġ
Ĺڽˮ֮󣬱㱻ࡣ
Իӳһĺɫ
ˮķ鱦ǲˮ֮оԵӰ
Ϊ鱦ЯܵסҵĹһ֪ʲôشЦһ
ʵնɱЩûк鱦ͨ񣬵ǿһɱҪԸЩӵк鱦ͨ񣬾ͲһоͿԽսˡԴˣҲ׼
򣡡Ҳ˳ͨ
ԭڵĵ֮ϣʩչ󣬱ǸסһɫĹâ
ɱ֮ռ֮еĵâǿѹݺݵɱˮγɵĺɫ֮ϡ
ɫĻҵ
ԿɫĻ뵶Ӵĵط˺ѿһӡ
鱦ЯϾǲԼյĳͨЩ񣬻ѰͨǻãĶͨ񾳽ߣս׵ˮЩˡ
Լĵ⣬ˮžϯȥʱϣ¶ĵЦݡ
ȻԼĵƿˮʱҲ˲ٵܡţһʣܣҲ㹻Խʦˡ
ֻǣЦݣûŶãͳסˡ
ֻԽʦնһɫĽ⣬ٴεסԼĵ⡣ȻԽʦںɫս̨ϱƵ˺һЩ룬óԽʦ岢δܵʲôˡ
Щ˼Ŀ˵ͷģҪɱһЩҲãһɱôǿʵأ
еɱⲻûмˣ෴ĸӸ߰
Խ񣬷ѽüڴ˵һ䡣
ţ鱦ˮõò޶ĵ⡣ʩչФµͷ˵
ԽʦһܴˡҲ˵ͷ˵ֶΣӦòֹڴˡеĳҲǺ鱦Ӧܵġ
ǺǣǿôӮҲһĽ֡Цһ˵
ڶ֮Увߣָָֹţս֡
ɫս̨ϣ뾰ԣǽֶΡÿιԵ
յʱȥûжԾԣ̫в
ɣ
ʱͻȻһ
ɫεĺɫ⣬Ѹ͵ֶٶˮ˹ȥ
֮ǰһˮнɫεĺɫâҲ֮ࡣ
ţһ
оٿ䣬ӭĺɫ⣬һֲֿ
͸򣿡˼һ
Ӧй鱦ЯˡҪȫֹ𣿡Ե۾
һֱڵһ̣ȫ
ڴ͸ܼӳ֮£ٶȼԡ
ã
Ǵ͸ܣԽΣա߾ٷһѹֵ˵
۾ֱֱĶţԵľԡ
ڵˣ񶼱ǿԽϣǵסһˡ
ƫĵطǹ΢Ц֪ԽĿǰΪֹûгֻ֣ǱѡԽʵԲܻԽֲԪ񾳽ߡ
У⣬Ҳǵɴ۾ƺҪԱһնɱľôʵ˲䡣
һУߣĿתĶţԺŽһĻ
䣡
ھԵĽɢͬʱ˳ȥ
޴ĺɫս̨ϣԵɫӰɳǧ֮Զݺˤڵϡ
һĻЦǣȴٴεסˡΪоԽ񣬲ûȥ
ȻԽ񣬾Լע֮£ٴվеĲϼֵ֧塣ǣѪĿ


1274 ޻ɱ
֮ͫУԵӰӴԶϣвϼվ
е޷ܵǣǿԽʦԼЦһ¡
ʱ򣬶ԷȻЦó
ɶ񣡻ЦóҪޣΧſֲܲ
֮ǰһѾʩչǿֶˡһûɱԷ
Ҫ
ԽȻѾ;ƿԶˡǰһûܽնɱֻҪһһԽ䳹նɱ
ˣ̾ٴγ֣ɲ룬ĻᡣһԿ䣬ͲܼˣҲûãϷĴֹֻ
Ӵܵһ֮Уˣ뷨ҲࡣΪԲٵסһֹ
ΪλԽʦʱ϶Ҫˡ
䣬Ǿ䣬Ȼᱻ̭ȴܱסһĻ͸Ŷԡ
˵ʵһͨ񾳽ʦս̶ֳȣѾò˸е⡣λԽʦʵȻеôС
ڷϣƵΪǿ
䣡䰡߾ٷڴУȭžԣвͣĴš
ǰĺɫѾ֣ٲ䣬ɾˡ
ǷЦݣ߶֮£ǰ۵ĺɫ⣬Ѹ͵˳ȥ
֪Խˡĺɫȥ֮ǰԽĻǻüʱȻѾˡ

ˮٿ̿
ԭڵϵĲϼԻľ
Ǻǡĳ̶ȣ㻹븺翹𣿹ԹɣԵĶЦһ
üˮĺɫ֮УԽȴóͺ˿߽Լõǰ㡣
򣡡
Եͳĺһ
һͳĺУԵӰʧ֮ǰվλá
ԵӰʧ΢΢Щ
ܴоߣ΢΢һ¡һͻȻʧ֮ʶĿɫս̨ҪҵԵټ
ܿģǾٴο˾ԡ
⡭
ôܣ
ٶȣô죿ôģ
ڶĹսߣʱ¶ŵɫǿԽʦȻĪĳǰ
һ˲֮ǰԶӡս̨ϣͻȻʧһ˲ֵʱ򣬾ͳߡٶȣȻڳߵʵ̫ˡ
ȻҲûԤϵˣ־Գǰʱͬһ
㡭ſڣʶôġ
ǣûиʳĻᡣ
ɣеĲϼǰͳ
ɫĽâֱӾͶš
Ҳз鱦ģķ鱦ûü߷ԣԵĲϼɾʹš
ûʹýûת̫ࡣ
âᴩ֮һ֮ӿ񺣣ݿһƻͬʱ꣬ͬգʱڣͱһ
վǰԺܿеĲϼ
ʱ壬ֱͦͦȥеϢ糱ˮ˵һɶ
ˣ
Ȼˣ
⡭ôû˭ܸңԽʦôɱģΪ鱦ûʹãͱԽʦɱˣѵӳ⣬Լɱˣ
ڶݵĳ֮һ֮ڣ쳹ۡ
ܶˣûܿһսĽγɵġǿһֱռݾԵϷ磬ۿžҪԽʦնɱˡ˭Ҳ벻ͻȻ֮Ʊãľ֮ͨжս
ʵϣһЩ񣬶ûȫ׵ô¡
ʱںɫս̨ϵĴ֣ٴνĿ⿴˾ԣһ˫֮УȤζ
е˼
ԽʦһֱڽߵˣǺǣӦɣһֲͨ󣬾Ȼ򡣿˲츳ɫ츳Ҳͬǿת
Ȼôġһ㣬ǶԿռ䷨˺о֮󣬲л
ңҸоԽʦսʱ򣬲ûʹȫȻʵֵ۾ȷʵǺܶģһЩ˿жϳûжȫ


1275 
־ãԽһʼ͹ԼʵĹԽֳ̬Ƿٷء
鱦ܣһֱڳĹⲻŰ򣬶ǴˣҪֲԣȷʵɹˡ
ԼĹֶȫʩչͬʱи֮Խ񣬱ʩչͨ㵽ǰȫûʱ䷴ӦһӱɳմԼڶսˣͨʵ̫ͻȻˡ
һ˲顣
Ǵʼո߶Ƚ䱸һоͲЧʱ伤鱦ĻԽҪɱͲˣҪóĹֶβС
һսԽʤ˽
лˣԹ֮뿪˺ɫս̨
Խϡˣ߾ٷЩɵ
ΪԾҪУȴû뵽־գ֮һת
û׼
ԽϵֶΣǱѰڵļ̫ϳϣжת
նɱ֮һʱ˶ûŪô¡ǵϸ֮ǾˣλԽʦǴһʼ͸ȦסҲһͷ˽ȥ
ΪˣΪۡܶûŪԼΪλ
˶ΪЩԩˡ
ڴڣҲһЩʵǿߣ˾ʱ̵ֶΡ˲Ϣ͵ǰһɱӦãͨ
ȻЩʩչɱˣҲԩ
򣬿ɲսɱ͵ĳֳ֮ͨͨ£˭ñ
ľ
ͣſһ±ϡ
ǰһ̸̣Ц緢˵Լŵնɱֽһ֡Ǻһ̣Լŵͱɱˡ
Ƕô޴ķ̡
ڵˣ֮жɵҪЦǿı֮õĸо͸ǿˡ
ǻǶסˡʱǰЦǾĳ׵λŴˡ
Ļ쵰ɽƻ޳ܵĻ˶ɶ񣡡һ񶾵ڴ
Żս˲Ϣ䡣ʱռ˾Ϸ磬ȴ˶С£ÿһŻᶼֹҪֻ֣ܹˡľ̾һ˵
ľȻҲϣԼ߻ʤǣΪԽʦʹõֶξ⡣ɱ֮Уѵֵܹ˱Լ

Իصʱ
ı飬ͺһһ㡣Ӿںɫս̨ϻɱ֮һֶû˵
ڣ߾ٷѯʱı͡
Դ񣬴ӾԵɨֻŭй

Խʦϲ
ԽϣֶΣ޷ԤϡһսҿһĶҪˡ˵ʵкöζΪҪս̨ˡô뵽ȴС
У˶ؾԡ߾ٷǳޱȵıԼϲ֮顣
ԽϣڶˣǴڲμŻġʲô飬ܱ
߾ٷһϼФ£ãʱФӦЩ˰ɣ
ͳڶֵĳɼҲ㹻ʹһŻƼˣ
Фޱ飬Ŀ
Ե˵ڡʱֻǲмЦЦʱ˿̣ЩˡǣԲԼˡ
ʲôõģ
ȫʵɱԽɱ𣿲ˣһЩֶΣǴûߣ˴˶ѡ̲סˣ˵
ǺǣҵȷʵĿ룬ҵᵽΪֹġڶֵ֣һһֱȥ
Σһ

һĴ֮УһϵӰ
ϣɢż޵Ϣ
һ֮Ĵߡ
ɽȾٰŻᣬʢᡣÿһŻᣬвٴ߻ԹЩߣרĴеƼμŻᣬеûƼκˡ
ʱһ޵Ů˽
ʦ𣡡Ůӹһ
šȻ
ʦԽĵȷʵǿҵĲ֤嵤ʦǰȷʵܴ󡣡Ůӵͷ˵
ʱ۾ȥң


1276 

ȹŮ˽һʱ䣬ڵˣĿⶼӹȥ
񣿡
߾ٷФµˣŮӣ̴λվ¶Цݡ
ģҲվüͷ΢ЩϤӦ˵
ĵϢԷӦֻ񾳽ߣʵ¡
ӦȻд󱳾
λѺã˻
һ̣񣬾ͿȺ֮еľԡԸоĿԼҲ΢΢̧ͷƮƮһۡ
񿪿˵ԽʦҼʦ룡
ˣ
仰һ˵ڣն΢΢һ䡣
ˣ׵֪˵ʦ˭
ǿ棬ܡ֮УǷǳǿĴڡ
Ϊʦ棬ˣŻôĿ
Ҫֹ֪߽ľŶǿߡһҲƽġ
Ȼ棬Ȼܱͨȡڣһ񾳽ĵӣǰûа㹧άֺõ˼
˵ʦ룬΢΢һ¡
Խ룬㻹ǿȥɣ޳ԶԾ˵
棿
֣ԶʱȻˡ֣磬쵱ĴڡΪģĴ֮һ
棬Ҫң
Ҳ̲סЩ
Խʦʦ㡣˵һ䡣
ã͸ȥæ˵ͬʱ˳
һǰһ뿪˺ĴԺ뿪֮󣬴֮ڵˣŶ
Խʦʲô˼ѵ棬ԽʦҪԽʦΪͽԽʦĵӣôɾ͡
һڣԸ˽
룬ŵߣ汾ˡ񽫾Դ󣬾ĵ˳ȥ
Խ񣬰ݼǰ
棬۾΢Ȼǰŵ̬ޱȣ·ܴ͸Ե顣֮£ԾǾΧĿռ·ס
㲻棬΢΢ĵ˵ͷ
ҽΪͽ棬ֱӾ˵˽оԹĿġȷʵǴվΪͽ
ÿһŻϣвٴһͽĿġһЩӣΪӺú࣬ͿܳΪԼұۡ
ɽȵĹΪ磬гȻĵλ
ɽȹĸʵȻһ档һҪԭ򣬾ĵǡɽȹ߸״ӣһһ档״֮⣬ɽȵĹвټӡļУвľŶ
Ȼ磬ҲһЩܲϲͽϲһⴳֻԸͽĴȻࡣ
棬Ҳвٵӡ񣬾һӡ
棬ҪԼΪͽмʱ࿪
ʹŻĻʦԭΪŻȽĳ̶ȣŻд߿ԼԼ֡ȴû뵽һŻսУд߿Լңǿ֮
ܰʦ棬ԵȻǷǳġ
˵ҵӲ٣ڵϾ޵ģȴһûС˵ڵϵĳɾ͡
⻰üͷ΢΢һ塣
⻰е˼Ȼ棬еԼ뾰ԵԤ룬ɲһ
ΪʦҶҪ󡣡ûᾰԵĸ룬ڡ
һΪרԺҪҪ˼ڵ϶棬ݿܵ˵

˼ȻþԷˡҪ˼ڵϣǲ˵Ϊ
⵱ȻУԵĿ꣬ǵֻǾԵĸֻΪ
ΪʦǷǾԿ϶ǲܴӦġ
ǰȻԸǰΪʦҲܷһ˵
ţ΢΢һŵ۾һЩ
ڵ˳ڣΪҪ˷Ѿ֮ϣרĵδûпܴﵽʥʦĲΡ֪ʥʦĵλҿԸ㣬磬Ŀǰֻʥʦȷš
ߣңʥʦҲÿͿģһ


1277 ŵ
ʥʦ
ʥʦݹȻ󣬿û㹻ǿΪкã
ʥʦȻԽӴĹϵ磬Ϊ£ĴԳ֡
ǡ
û㹻ǿʵǾֻܽԼԼ˷ڱС
ͱ羰ԣ㾰ԽĳΪʥʦɽɽҪɱԣѵʱʱ̿Լ
ȻܣҲԼҪ
ԣʥʦ󣬾Ҳܷרһܶҡ
Ҹʱ俼ǡ㿼֮󣬸վ۾
뾰˵ô໰ѾǷǳѵˡɴҲԿȷʵܿþڵϵǱ
ںɫս̨ϵĵһֶսˡͬʱҲûоȫΣһͨŻ߶ԶܹõǵŵĻ᣿
ϣã˵ǲ̫ܵ顣
棬Ҳ֪Ͳܴﵽ񾳽磬ԺŬҲкܴķչǳΪ֮һϣǣЩ֮ͨʲô
֮ͨ棬Ҳèһη塣
棬ɲΪԵĽܳɳ̶ȡ
֮ǧҲû١
ʱ䲢ûеԾͿˡ
лĿأܷ棬ˡٴι
ʵԴӦΪרʦȴܷ
ȥɣһ֡
ֻоһµסԼǰģȵΧԼѾڵĴ
Բɳһžܾ棬Ҳܵġһŭ棬涯ɱģԼСɾҪˡ
ɽȣ涯ŭӦҲɽȳɱԼɽȹһǿߣ
Իص
ԽϣȥĪǴΪӣ߾ٷԻһѯʡ
ˣĿҲھԵϡ֮ǰʱ䣬Ƕڰв²⣬ټΪ¡ҲµĿܶǿ˾ԣҪΪӡ
ϾκһŻϣһЩ˵ߣЩ߿Ϊ״ӡ
Կ˿ǰһеĸ߾ٷ¶һ˿ЦݣֻЦЩࡣ
ǰȷʵǴΪӵġ˵
˻˻
֮УʱһƬ
ǿ氡һܱ֮ȵġĵӣԵһЩļӣֻҪܾ߷̣ҲǵλġͱҲǼӣ񣬿ǰ硣
ֻǣǰҪҷרҡҡͷε˵ҲܴӦԣҾܾǰ
ʲô
Խϣܾ棿߾ٷһ˫ӣԾŴ͡
֮УԲֻи߾ٷһˣԵĻ¶⸱Ҫ˵ı顣
޴ЦЦ˵֡
˵ҪΪӵʱЩǡڣȴȫһԳΪĵӣ֮ǰǵ˾ԣŪþͻڣΣͲˡ
ҲܷġĿᶨ
ǡǿǳΪӵӵĻᰡԽϣȻôܾˡ߾ٷҡͷһĳʹ顣
磬еܾΪӵӵ񣬿»ҲԽȻһˡҲꡣ
ǰԽϣʵҲȫԴӦֲʲô߼ʦλҲܸߣ˵Խˣ嵤ʦЩŶҲ֡߾ٷ˵
˵ˣҶѾܾˣ˵ҲûáҲ̸¡
ܳΪӣȻЩϧţֻҪԼŻߵ㹻Զһᱻ߿Ϊӡ

ʱһȥԾԾܾ֮󣬴Լ˽ӽһ꣬һŻսȫ
ҲʵҪڶ֣ϣ󡣿ȴɹ˶֣ͦڶ֡
ڵһֶսȫ֮ɽȵԱٴεһΣö
ڣμŻһʮߣڶֵģֻ߸ˡԣһֻöԵȽߣÿ˻һö
ִ֮˽ڵŻڶֶսλѣŵ׼ɽȵԱ뿪֮ǰ仰


1278 
Ż֮һ
Żսÿһֽһδ߽Ż֮ô⽲ҲǷǳҪء
ոո뿪ɽԱ˵һδִ߽֮Խ
ֽܵģֻڵһ֮нߡ̭ģûĻˡ
֮
ԵȳǧŻڶֶսߣ˵֮ϡߵҲЩŵڴš
ǲδȶã־ӹ·ǧߣȷÿһ˵ݡ
ȷû֮ŻӶֱۡ
һʱ䣬֮Ϸӿһת֮䣬޷Ϣܲ
ǡ
Կ˿ܣʱԼѾһռ䡣ռ䣬ֻԼڡǰԼͬڵϵǧߣӰȫޡ
ûκνţ֪ҲӦԼһ龰
ʵҲȷʵˡ
ʱڵϣѾκߵӰܴڵߣǰһľǣǧߣִһͬʧˡ
˶Դ˶ûκξ棬ÿһÿһŻὲˡ

ϵ뾰Եǧ߶С
ǿֵ֣
ϥ¡
׼ɣϢ֮󣬽ʼִܵ޲
Խзſͷš
ܿ죬һޱȵӶûκεĹԣȴ̺Īİ̺޷ܵ־
ţԾ͸о嫵ϢԼԺ֪ЩϢǴ֣ԵĲ˽⡣
̳ʱ̣ܶڽܴʱûʱĸ֪֪ܲ˶áʵ֮УҲǼʱѡ
˵ǽ˵Ǵ
һδᣬ˵޼۵ġ
ִܣǧˣÿ˸Ķͬÿһߵն٣Ҫ˵ʺ컯ˡ
ǣչذꡣ֮󣬲κ˴ǡǽ뿪һռ䡣ֵԺ֮нɢȥ
ţԵߣ͸оŨ֮䣬֮Ҳ쳣Ծ
һǳʺĻ
ʱ䣿
ɣԱŵ۾ûԼ񣬸ŸոջõִܶԵĲָĵá
ûʹĦʱл֮ԴʹЩ϶ᱻɽȷ֪ɽȹԽӶԼı˿ɾ˵ˣԾԲðʹá
˵ռ价Ѿǳʺϱչټϣϸ񾧡ҩԴҲࡣʹĦʱͻ֮ԴҲȫܽܡ

һר֮С
˵ǰټǸԽĵʦˣһɫۣòӣĴ֮С
Ϣ̧ͨü˶Էһֹۣ
ʱԣһ̲סݡ
۾磬Ĵߡ
˵ԽʦܾΪʦ۾·ûֹ˵һ䡣
ĪЦҵ𣿡һЩˡ
Щѻ
ΪԼټԽԼΪʦԽȻжµһڴӦȴû뵽СӾȻܾԼʵǳʹ졣
ǿɽȣпһʱ̲סֱԽСӡ
ҲնͽղֻǺ棬ԽСӾȻоľܾ㣬Ժܼᶨ۾һЦ
ߣ˵СҲȷʵִġӦҲΪʦģֻר̬ȾͱˡСӣƺܳԣɾܵİɣ֪ɴܵļѣ˵
۾˵ӦϵģСӲ׷αμŻᡣҲضŭȿСŻϵı˵
ʲô֣һͨͨһֶսͲˡ֮ǰǳսǴֶΣԪߣκϣ𣿡Цһ
Ҳǣ۾ͷ
˵ģȷʵеͨǿҲԪƥС

ʮ
飬
ѡҪΪԪȷʵǳ֮ѡִԴ·ߵ˼ǿԼǻ֪ʲôӡ
УǸп
ͨҪΪԪҪ˻ö˶ֻҪһöԪˡöΪöȫΪŶ


1279 Ԫ
⼸ʮʱ䣬һֱڲֵĴϢ
ȻĿǰֻͨ񾳽磬ǿ껹вһķԴĶࡣ˻ĵ˽͸
ʱ򣬳ˡ³һ
ʱľԣ龹ǺɵӣҲ͸һɵȻϡ
־ȴǳᶨ
˻뷨֮󣬱ûκҡͷͨ㹻Ļ֮׼˻ܲһЩԥͳ
ǵԼʧܣԱֵհǰ˺ȥԣ־Ӧٵȵȡ
ȫûԥȥ֮̾Ϳʼ׼
ֵҩԴ׼ú󣬾ԻоĬĬתһķ
¡
һš
һռ֮Уֶһյ裬һڡ
²豭ӹһĿռ䡣ǧߴ֮Ѿʮʱ䡣
Ҳ˵ʮ꣬ڶŻսʼ
ǧСһ֪ûڵһŵʱͻһġ΢УתͷҲе
ף
ǡͻƾҿȷʵͻˡͨ񣬴ﵽԪ񾳽硣ֵעŵոͻ˾ϡ
ҹȪڵļ
СӲŵһξͻƾ磬ȷʵܲãܵŵĻδܴﵽľ硣ͷ
עߣǺҹȪڵļߡ
֣ǧߣÿһϢա
ʱǼߣҲǿϲ볤ХһԼϲ֮顣סǿҵĳ嶯֪ǧߣ϶ǰĹע֮¡ֵ̫ȣֻ»ǰԼӡ󲻺á
ߣѾӽԪ񾳽硣Żһֶս˳ֽܶõһŵᡣ
ִܵĴܴһݣǾԼ˻ȷʵˣ˻һξ͵ɹͨΪԪʵ
Ϸǻ״һƣĸ֪ţǿܲ
ʮȥ
Ŷһͨ񣬽ԪˣֵĿ⣬ٴ䵽һϡ
ִ˵ЩһߣСһ
ǡǸ˾ĵӣ֪ĵӣڵһŻս󣬾ͻһ磬һҲ˰ɣ˾ߡ
˵Ҳһ֮Ȼʵϣܲ桢۾εĴܡ磬ܶﶼн顣ͱ磬ֵĹϵͺܺá
һΣҲƼһӲμŻᣬ˾ߡ˾֮ǰյĵӣҲȽϿӵ츳Ϊ佫ϣﵽŶľ硣
ף
ǡ
ʱĿ΢΢һת͸һؿռ䣬ܿһɫ۵ϡоˣһ
˻ܡ
Ҳͻˣ
ⲻǸԽ𣿡üͷһ¡
֮ǰǼ˾ͻƾ磬Ȼ΢ЦЩ͵˼ڡǣһΣıȴЩ΢Ķݡ
Ϊʲô
ԭܼ򵥣ԽǸ߼ʦݡңԽͣҪԶԶСڼ˾
һʦֺСȻڵһŻ֮һŵͻ˾磬̤ͨԪΡ
λߣҲЩԤ벻
֮ǰھսʱ־΢ھ϶עһ¡ʱãսϺ뷨û뵽Խĵʦ֮ʹͨԼ˻̤Ԫ񾳽硣
Ȥ
λʦŻϣʲô粨ɣзֹһ䡣
һ߼ʦյţǿɾҪ˾°ˡ
ɽȹɽȣٰŻʱ䳤֮Уֻһλ߼ʦš
λԽʦҲյţôŻʷڶλŵʦ
ǺǣҲˡţɲô׵ġȻԪ񣬿ɽĶս˵Ȼкܴսҡҡͷ
Ҳ֪ΪʲôоЩڴλԽʦͨŻĶսõŵĻᡣ
ǰĴţǲμŻߣĻԵŵȻԾЩ˵о޴ȻԶȡ


1280 һ
ɫĴƣγһ˻
ʱľԣŻϵƯ䣬洫ݳĺܡ
˻ĵҵĸʵ
ңҶԷĸ֪ͲٿأҲ˼ǿøǿЧҲߡ
ѹ磬ͨ񼸺ƥԪȻһЩͨ񱻳ΪӽԪΣȻԪȡ
̾
Ȼռ价ڣԼսǿ١ԼսҲһµжϡ
вٵʱ䣬պȹ̸ոսԪ񾳽硣ʮʱ䣬ڳԴ֮£ҵԪ񾳽磬ӦÿȫӦ
Ϣ
ھԽԪ֮Ķʮʱǧߣһͨ˳ĳΪԪ
һŶսŵ֮УһߣͨΪԪ
˵͡
ʵǣڴﵽ񾳽֮ÿǰһ൱ڷһǵ
ܲμŻߣһ׿֮
磬ٰ֮µߣе񾳽ߣ١Ȳ˵ߵ򣬾е֮ڵڡϼţһ֮ڣ֮µ񣬶һЩġ
Щߵ򣬰͸ˡ
Ҫ֪磬ܳΪ񾳽磬ⱾҪߵ츳͸ּҪڰ֮ǰﵽ񾳽磬ѶȾ͸ˡ
ÿһŻᣬǽ߼е
Щ츳Ծ˵ߣõԴǧ֮ĸͨԪҲܹˡ
ȻÿһŻһδ߾Ľһֵ߽
һʱ󣬾Եߣͬһʱص˵֮ϡ
ǣȥ׼ɡŻڶֶսʼϵÿһ˵Ķʡ
ԺҲص˺ڵĴ
ԽϣһŵջΣ߾ٷѯʵ
ջ㲻ŻȻͬһ㡣ЦЦҲû˵ԼѾԪ
߾ٷȾŶǶϸĲ̽ԣҲܿѾԪ񡣵Ե޹ʣǵȻӾԡҲͻأô
ȻҲͲȥ뾰Դ̤ͨԪ񾳽磬ȫûͷ
Ǻǣܶ༸ŵǺô͸ˡ˵ֱӽΪԪ񡣡߾ٷЦ˵
š΢΢һЦ
Կ˵֣оΣ
оԼֻܴǻЩò׼Ծ˵
Ҳż˳ȻͺáԵͷ
βμŻջѾˡڶŻսʧܣȻȥŬչһʱ䣬ҲкܴϣԪ񡣡Լܽڶֶսı֣Ѿˡ
֮ǰŻǱһε̬ȡ
βμŻᣬջѾԼԤڡ
ھĵʱɽԱڶֶսϢĽɫ˻
ޣǰһһŵĶ
ߣսʼʼͯߣнɫݶĿ⿴ߡ
սͯ
߾ٷһ
ʼͯڵһֶս֮УһԪͯСڣڵ񣬾ȻҲͯ
ʱȻû̫仯ܸоһĲ
ҲǣͯĶ֣Ҳ̫ˡ
ͯ񣬶ҴɱԺءͯûκλᡣһλڵ̫ϳϣҡҡͷ˵
ǰһֶսУֱͯɱһԪ񡣡һ̫ϳϣҲܳء
ͯҪСġͯȻһϧˡ߾ٷ񣬻˵
òǷǳƯġڵһֶս֮УͯɱԪҲһǳƯŮߡͯȻûжκֱӾɫĴӽԷ
һСĵġͷ˵
ּսϢܿ죬һŽɫҲ
еˣĿⶼ
ԼҲ¶Ȼɫ
ô£һ͹ôֻţ֮У߸˽뵽ڶֶս͹ĶսϢֻй˵ģһ
½⼸ּһ飬Ȼֻš
ô£ԽôûУĿ˿ˡ


1281 ֿ
ŽɫȷʵûйھԵĶսϢ
һŻڶֶսߣ˶ضսϢûоԵġ
ԼƵúܡѵɽȽԼŪ©ˣ
вˣʱ
ԽʦǡˣЩпֺ¶ܱϣ
£ü
ȷʵǺ£ԽϣһŻսֿˡ߾ٷ΢Ц˵
ֿգ˹˵ǰ˰ɣɽȵԱڽЩ;˼ҶսϢ
ܣ
ִʲôôܻ䣬Ҳ鷢Щͷţ䣿ΨһĿܣֿˡҡͷֵͷ
ֿգ
ص˵ȷʵһ¡ýжսðɱɵĽŻһ֡ңֿտɲÿһֶֻ֣ڲμӶսǵʱ򣬲Żһֿա
ϲԽϣŻڶ֣Ѵ֮ͨˡ߾ٷЦŹ˵
⡭û뵽¶һ˿Ц
ˣء
ߣеˣǵ˱˻ԣ˲ݣңҪ³ˡʼɵžԡ
üͷһأ
ңǺ⣿
֪ϵãȷΪҵĹϵ档룬һѵǷǶԴֲҲţ²˽⣡
˽µḶ́Ӧ嵤ʦȡ裬ң¸ͲܹҡأôģͲļԼݺʵҡ
㻹ҵΪˣټ죬˵⼸仰
ȷʵΪˡǣƺԵ̵ųһҵᣬҪڿ༥䡣
ôѵҾǷʲô裿
ôײ˼䣬һЩףǳͺӵƨɡ
㡭ֻؿһŶܡ
ʲôѵ˵Ĳʵ۾һɡ
ãõúܣҵҪ㵽ŵʱݺݵĴһҧг˵
ߣһûȥ
ڵʵԶ֡ҲֻϹˡ
֮Żڶֶսʼ
ڶֶսѾµʱ䡣
ʼʼͯߣս񣡡ֵٴδԵ˵ĶС
񣬵ս̨֮ϣֱӾɡ߾ٷ˵
áͷ
ҲһִˡǻʼͯȫûлսʤԷһɵĻᣬܶƴһѡһ˿һĻᶼûУʱܶǾûҪˡ
֮ǰͿ˺ܾãԼҲо㵽վ̨ϣֱˡȻЩֹڵڶ֣ãҲû취顣˭ԼûԽϵֱӾֿսһˡ
ܿģͯ˾͵˺ɫս̨֮ϡ
ͯ۾Ǵ΢Ц
Ԫ񾳽ߣǰûκλᡣҿԸһᡣͯЦſ˵
ʲô˼Ŀӡ
ҿȹһΣֻҲҪ㽫һˣֻҪҺˣұ䣬֡ͯͳ˵
ţһͯ𵽵һЩʲô
ԼһΣֻҪˣ䣿
ΪҪô֮ǰͯ𣬸ûκεĽȻҲûʲôϵͯΪҪô
ͯĻɲܵһڵߣҲȫ
߾ٷˣҲû뵽ͯˡͯ񹥻һΣǿɾ׬ˡͯ˵ǣֻҪܻ䡣
ԪͯɱȷʵûκλᡣǣֻͯķһҲȫûϣͯǻһҲǻˣʱͯҪ䡣
ͯҡҡͷûٻش
ͯ׼𣿡֣ս̨ϵѯʡ
˶ֵͷ˼׼ˡ
Щңֱġڣͯȴһϣⲻ˽飬ǵִߵ档Ҳ˵ֻҪԼܻͯͯҲǲܡ


1282 ƭ
ɫս̨ϣӰңңԣ
սʼϵ¡
ߣԶҳˡҾվﱻƾ㹥һΡͯ˫֣ûгֵ˼ֻǽ鱦Яĺʩչ˳Ҳһƫǣˮ򲢲ͬ
ˮǿǸΪʵء
֮䣬ûи֮֡һͬʱʩչˮͺͷǳֲˡ
ৣˡ
ûѡֱ䣬ƴһѿǰֶٿŶǧ֮ͯϮɱȥ
һǺޱĹֻҪˣһɡ
ͯϣͻȻ¶Ц
ֻʱУɫӶȻ֡
ãΣաԿ֣ͯȻһ
߾ٷҲɫһ䡣
ɣ
Ļ쵰ƭ񣡡
̫ϳϣĶս̨
ɫս̨ϣһɫ⻪ſֲܲݺݵĻĽ⡣ɫ⻪ڻûκεͣͣѸޱȵ
ҫĴӰݺݵײ߶ķ鱦γɵϡ
壬ߵķһ㵹ɳȥ
ۣһѪ
գҰ׵ͬһŰֽ
ʱͯЦƽȻҪ񷢶ڶι
ҡ䣡У΢
ָո˵꣬һѪ˳ʱѾ˿񺣣˱ıԵ
˵֮ͯǲĵͣԭء֪ûٳֵĻᡣ֣ϷĴҲֹ̳ΪѾˡ
֮еĸ߾ٷһͳ˳ȥڵõԾս̨ϣԵ˻ս̨ϣ߾ٷûжͯ˵κκݻҲûгΪף˵Ҳǰ˵
ͯͻȻֹȻƭ񡣵ǣֹȴûǿֹ˵ôǰ£߾ٷ˵ʲô
ҿһ£
ǰѾԵߡʱ棬ϢǳңϢҲɢ
ڼ֮󣬾ԵϣҲ¶ĳݡԾԵ׵İָڣ񺣶ˣȻûгױڵͷɢ
ȡһẔ̷́ȥҩ̷󣬺ܿãɢֹͣɢ
Ʒǳء˵
ıɵ޳Ķ߾ٷҧгݵ
Ŀһתɫս̨ϣһ׼뿪Ӱ
˫Ŀ֮Уһɱ⣬Ҳ𽥵
ͯȷʵ̫ˡһʼʹɱΪ˷ֱֹս˵һУһϣĿľӰľ
ͯĪг𣿡Կ߾ٷʵ
г𣿲ܣӦǵһμͯгҲͯĻ߾ٷ˵
ţԵͷ
ȷʵˣͯгԹںɫս̨ϣԲͯĻг֮ǰҲӦ߾ٷ
ʱ򣬾еɱŨ
ûκεĳԹͯ𣬾Ȼ˴ĻǵҪɱ
ʵһսͯ˵ɾܻʤ񣬱Ҫġͯȴʹ˱ɵֶҪɱ
ø߾ٷˣܲŭ
ֶ̫ͯˡҲü˵һ䡣
ǲʣҲûκΰ취Фҡҡͷ˵

ʼ

ͯʦֶ֣ιȻǺСǣȻˡ
ϧǣǺû
ʼߣͯ׷׿˵
ʼһλӵĸ¶Цı顣
ʼӵģǵˣһλŻʼμŻɽȡ
ǲһ㡣ͯҡҡͷֽ˵㲻Ҳˡս̨ϣѾоɢ񺣿Ҳӽˡǣǲ
ʦ䣡
ţʦֵһս¼Ӱڴʦֵ϶ġ

һƬάУͯ𳩿ĴЦ
ڶֶս
Ҳս̨һֶ֣һԪֱӾˡڵʵܻԪھ֮͸СĽˡ
ڶֶս˽ӽʱ䣬ڽ


1283 Ϊ
ڶŻ˳ߣٴηֱõһöңõڶŵĻᡣ
̣һŻսһġֻǣһŻսǧŵһΣȴֻһǧܹŵˡ
ãڵڶֶսֿ֮գʵ˶Ľѡ
ڵܵĴ֮УŲˣûλǴӿʼעԽʦǴʼգδλԽʦڵڶֶսгսڶݵɻ֮ǾףλԽʦֿˡ
ǣⰵ̾򼵶ʻһԴˣԺ⡣
֮һǧͬʱӴ֮ϡĿռ䣬ֵܴĴ
ݣһͬġ
Ȼȫͬٴνܴÿһߣһµĸ⡣羰ԣˡ
ִϢݣ̺ǼֲġǾŶ񾳽ߣҲ޷һȫ͸
֮󣬵ڶδԵˣѾ˵ڶ˻Ҳ˵ֻҪٵһ˻̤񾳽硣
ڶ˻ĵҲãԵʵִȵĵõ
صãɽԱ㽫Žɫ
ڣΪֹߣŻս
ƼһˣһˣȻǴڲμŻľԡϼڣѾȫûˡ
һʮߣֵܼŻսֵģֻʣˡʮ֮УѾһ˻Բѡ
ŻսĲңɼһߡ
Խߣսʼʼͯߣ
ᶶһ£ùŹԣɫϵϢ
Խʦսͯ
֮Уһʱþĵġ
ǰڵսľͯ𣬶һΣԽʦսͯ
ʱЩͬ߾ٷˡ
ô߾ٷ͸Ĺ󣬿ԡ
ԽϵĺˣѾþˡ
Խϣͯս̨ʱ˵ʲô㶼Ҫǡ߾ٷԾ˵
˼ǣþԲҪ·ս̨ϣֱǡ
ǲĻЦЦ
УԭѾ΢ɱ⣬ٴǿҵ
ʼ
Ǻģ
ȷʵǺģһڵġ
ǸʦԽġʼߣ׷׿ڣЦ
ͯʦֻ֣ѵˡһҡͷ˵
ǰǰǵӣǸԽʦֻһս̨ͻ䣬ʦֲгֻġһ˽Ϸ˵
ͯУݵĹâϣᳶһ¡
ЩϧǸԽƺܲӣ˵ǿɱһ߼ʦǡͯϣ΢΢תһ£ɱ֮
ֻҲףڵŻսУûлɱǸԽʹöԸֶΣǿ϶κεЧ
֮󣬵Żսʼ
ֶս֮һ죬Խ֣ͯУ
ͯ𣬶սԽ
ಣ
뿪һ̤˺ɫս̨֮ϡһߣͯӰҲٵĳվһˣ뾰ԶǵļЦݣûκε˼
Խ񣡡
Խʦһ֣ûôˣĶ֣Ȼͯ𡣡
Ż֮·Ҳ͵Ϊֹˡ
֪Ǵֱ䣬ǴֵһУ
ֵһУΪɵģһͨܵסһУԪ񣬶סͯһС
עԵˣʵǲ١˵ĿУ¶Ϸ֮ɫ
֮ǰڶֶսԵֿգò˶˼ʵ
֮У·ˣҲ΢΢ҡͷ
ԽͯսҲֲ뿴ġٻЩϣܿԽʦš
ŻĶսȻƥģƥȫκֶθŵȫƥ䡣
ԽŻ֮ãҲ͵ΪֹˡԣһЩԽءԽԪ񾳽硣Ӧûкܴϣȥİɣ
ϧϧָпһ
ʱĴ֮С
˫Ŀһۺɫս̨ıǿ֮зһߣ±۾
Խʱ䣬ͿͯС

ߣҲǻá
ɫս̨ϣͯЦ
³һĿžԣ˵ԽߣڵĳϣǺǣ֮ǰûУΪ𣿡


1284 սͯ
ͯȻ뼤ŭԡ
Ȼ֪һм̫ܲЧһԣһɹأ
ǸŮˣû治ֻЩϧûܵɱԽ֪ϲʲô𣿡ͯ˵š
ĶŶԷ
ϲģɱЩ츳ߵƯŮˡָоĺͯϣĿе䣬ƺΪʵһ㡣
ˣֱһ䡢̬
ΪǸŮ˱ģΪһϰ֣ͨͯҲ£һڶսʼʱһʱɣͯ
ԿУ³֡

֣˵ʱƮƮġǣȴ·̺һ޼᲻ݵ־ͯУ΢΢һ
ı˱䣬˫Ŀһ£´ԡ
ս̨ϣҵĽ¡ԼΪ㽫걻˺ѵʹԵ
ͯ𣬾ǲƬ̡
ָͻȻЦ¼Ц
ò˵ôһ˲䣬ЩԽĻסˡͯ𣬾Ȼһͨ񾳽ʦһ仰סˡ
ҲЩڴأԽ㣬ûдֱ䰡ܺãûʧʵУĹͷӲͯܵ壬͵ĹĶ
ҵĽӲ
ԺͯĶԻܴڵߣ
߾ٷʶƺЩԣԽϵӣûдֱ䡣
Լ뷨һ
ѵԽϻͯһϸߵͣѵĴҪΪ񱨳
߾ٷ촽оЩɡ
ͯԽλ׼𣿡ʱֿʼѯʡ
Ⱥֵͷ
սʼһսԽͯߵĶսʼ
ߣĿתĶźɫս̨
Ȼǣ˾֮ǰĻǣΪĸͯսЩӦҲǳѿˡĿʼսˣǼɫԽʦض䡣
ǣڵԽ䡣
е֣ҲƵ뷨žԣž˵֡
ǡ
˶û뵽ǣλԽʦȡԼһɫĳΧһתڿռ֮Уˮӿ
ԪϢʱ
Ԫ񣿡
ôԪϢһֶսʱͨ񾳽硣Ҹ֮ǰյϢȷʵҲͨδ˻
⡭ѵǰŵ֮Уͻ˾磿
ˣɫһ䡣
Ȼ˵ŵߵž޴İǣŵ֮ͻƾߣǺٺٵġǣȷʵû뵽ԻͨͻƵԪ
棬ٴ۾֮У¶һ˿ɫüͷҲ΢΢һ¡
˻
һ䣬ǵ䣡΢΢˶жϳԵѾ˻
ԾԵǰ;Ǻܿáڣȴʱ˻ʣ磬ҲƷëˡ
ü˾һۡ
Խϵ츳Ҳ˰۾˽Цһ˵
ɨ˶۾һۣϣƤһ¡
㵮˻ҲûõİɡĶ֣񡣡˵ţĿ䵽Եϣֻ֮ƶͯϣٴҡͷ
ǰƺûġ۾Ҳڴ

ʲô
Ԫ񾳽磿Фɫ䣺һʦôϣٶҲ˾ˣ
ФתĿ˿Զĸ߾ٷеԽԽӡԽʦΪϼڲμŻģΪľܾø߾ٷˡ
ˣФµԽԽ޷ƽˡ
߾ٷˣҲЩԽϣû˵ԼѾԪˡ

Ԫ񣿡
ѽǰŵУ˵ͻ˾˻ˡԽԽ˼ˣɱһԪ߼ʦҪɱһͨ߼ʦȤˡͯ𷢳ͳ
ৣеĲϼ۳⣬ǰǧ֮ͯն˹ȥ
ɫĽ⣬ѸݵĴȥâ֮УֲܲޱȵĿռ䡣
Կ⴩ĵطռѺһӡ
ƣ
ϮɱĲɫ⣬ͯſڣЦŵͺһӶɫӣһƬɫĹĻݺݵɫ⡣
Լһɾܽǲɫҵ÷顣
飡
¡¡
ֹâײ޴ļµ֮


1285 
ľնĲɫ⣬Ȼɢ
ǰɢеĲɫƬͯգȴǱʶԽҪԼĻҪǿࡣ
ɫشֱۣʱ΢΢ķ顣
ôܣ̶ȵԪô֮ǿͯУֻͷڲϵ
޷⡣
Աĺس̶ȣãԽĵʦǱԼضá٣оԼϣûԵĳԽ
һԪȴǿԼ
ʵͯš˼
ͯһĻҲôи߾ٷˣ͵һǣԵĶŵˡ
Բûֱ䣬Ȼͯ
ˣ
Խϣˡ
߾ٷˣжڿ
һ
ͯһȣս̨壬ǰһٳ̡֮һƬɫĻܣԵϺ˹ȥܣиÿռ졣
ˮ򣡡ɫսˮ򼤷
ʱľԣֻȫѪҺ·Ҫȼ֮ĶսھԵУڵս⣬

ЩеҲѡ磬һ񣬾ԲСˡҪ֪͵ҲֻԪ
ǿ߽֣Ҳڼ
ˮ򣬵ֵɫâֻǣƾһˮ򣬵ֵͯЧѾˡɫĹţȫǴݿ̬ͽˮγɵĺɫλ
򣬳Կȵ
ɫĽ⣬Ѹ֡
˽ܵĲɫ⣬Ϣ̼˽ܵĿռݡ
¡
Ե壬ȥ޴ײòս׶Ե
Ʋأ
壡ֹס˵֮˲ϢһԼơ΢תƱָ
ʲô
һԪ񣬶ֻһʦôʵ֮ǿͯ𿴵վЦԼЩץˡ
ʱץĵȻͯһˡܣһ֮УߣȫĿɿڴһЩ֮δߣ¶˼Ŀ⡣
ǵȻܸоóͯ𹥻£ǿȵĹЩԪֻһܲסͺͯŻǰֶս֮УĶԪ񡣶ԪѾһһˣǶǵסͯһС
Խĸ߼ʦסͯһУҿûƣˣܲԾ
˵ˣںɫս̨Ͽյ֣Բ۾·ľԡ
ΪĸоԺͯ˶սͷųܲܶΪͯǹˮˡ
һԪ񾳽ĸ߼ʦһרƾУֿУԽš
Ѿ£ǣδԪʦר濹⣿޷⣡
ɶ񣡡
Ҫͯ쳹Ӵĵ֮ϣЪ˹ŭϵ˫ĿһƬ졣
еɫشâҫĿ
򣡡ͯһ㣬ʩչͬʱҲžԳ˹ȥ

һ֮еߣʱвˣһԼǴ˶İһַǳǿĳͨ
۹Ҫ򡢳֮ϵġȽ򡢵ܶҪʤһ
ʩչƶֵĹͷ꣬мǿѹá
Żս֮У⻹ͯ𣬵һʹóѹ׵ֶμɴҲԿóλԽʦ˶ѹ
̾͸ܵ˼Լѹơ
Ǽ𣿡
Ȼǿ۾΢΢
սϵˮڼѹ֮£Χһ붼ɴ˿ɼǿ
ҲһĳֻͨͨҪǾǳͨܡ뾰Եһġ
Щػ򡢽򡢳ȵȣǿͨӦͨȻɱɳͨġǼЩֻͨҪǾǳͨ
ɣ
ܹʩչҲˡһԪȴҪʩչܻɱˣ֣Ҳǧܾˡűѹ֮еľԣͯıϣĹЦݡ
·ѾԽ񣬱Լɫشҳޣ


1286 
вϼһһڿռϯ
򣡡ͬʱʩչ
Ľ˺һӡԵ壬ʧԭء
ͯ𿴵ʧһûκεĻҺͳԾı顣Żһֶսʱ򣬾Ծʹùƾһ򣬻ɱŵ
ǳ䲻ʩչȷʵȡ÷ǳЧȻǹ͵򣬵ʺܣҲʺ͵Ϯ
ǣͯȻͶ׼
ӰԭʧбЦһ
򣡡ͯķ鱦ϣЯĺܣܿռȫǡ
ܣͯ˲䷢˾ԡ
͵Ϯңߣ棡ΪǸ𣿡ͯһܣȻžڵλѹȥ
ɫشʩչĹĻҲͬʱžԺɨȥ
ҪˣǰӡѾɫĻذסľԣͯЦ˵
𣿡
ȷʵǿ󣡲Ϊ𣿡ͯЦո£ԵʹӹĻ֮д
ˣ
򣡡˲ʩչ
βμŻᣬݱضᱩ¶ɽɽѾ֪ԼɽȡҲͲҪȥˡ˵ôɱͯ𣬻Ĳ̫ܡ
ٿ䷢һɿµгһУݺݵڼ֮ϡܣ͵໥ѹڡ
ܵӰ죬ԾԲӰ콵˺ܶࡣԴɫĻ֮г˳ܣǺ̶ܴ˾ԵٶȡҪͻȻͯ𷢶Ѿǲܵ顣
ʲô
ǡѵͯϣֳһĨȻ֮ɫܣԲܣŶͣãܣ
ǡе֣͡
򣡻ʵԽ񣬾Ȼ򣿶ңⲻǽʩչ򣬶յġԽʦҲ̫˰ɣꣿ
ټڵԼȻܡңһܡ˵츳Բڵ츳֮¡гԾתͷ
֮С
ԽΪβԸˡ۾΢΢˵
ԽͲһꡣǣȴһһԪȴƥ뺷ս֤츳
˫üû˵֪Լ˵ʲôˡ
ѵҿˣ棬ת
ڻɣԽֻǽԼģʵǵҪר϶ǲԸġרǻпܡ۾˵
ɣ棬ͳ˵֡
֪ԼȷʵܴӿʼͷһԽ츳ĺֲܿܽΪӣǲ⣬֮ڱضܹ̤Ŷ񾳽硣δΪ֮кܴϣ
СһóֶοһΪܣֻ¾ǼĽɫ㲻ԼͶ۾֮ҲԶ
һ룬Ķ棬ȷʵ΢ЩˡֻڣҪͷȥҾԣЩܽܡϾǺںġ
ս̨ϵͶսڽ֮С
ɶ񣡡ͯҧгݡ
һսȫԤϡһһεȥ߹Խսջǵ͹ˡԽֶΣļޡ
ڣɱԽѡԽҪɱͬҲס
мܵĿ⣬ԽĹԼһܵơʱҪֳʤǲܵˡڣͿ˭ָܼʱ䡣
ͯţԼΪһֵܼ֮˻̺򣬻ǱȻָԪᲢ۵ġ
ˣѾ˿쵶նѸٻɱԵĴ㣬תΪ뾰Աģ˭ֲ֧ס
ǣֻһԸ뷨ԴûĵĴ㡣
ֶͯѾȫʹˣǾԣȴˡ
ͯڵˡסˣɱˣԽ񣡡Զͯ𣬵ͳʶ
ϼĽ⣬
ɱң㻹ԶԶʸԽҳʵȷʵǿǣ㲻ɱңͯЦ


1287 ɱ
ɫս̨ϣγɵѹ緭˳һӿš
ȿµ˺֮£ЩԪһֻҲǼֲ˺ʱ䡣
籩һ֮УԺͯ˵ȴŭ֮еĽʯͬ裬жź鱦
貵Ĳɫ⣬ҫɫӰϵײһŷռС
龰֮£Եһ˫Ķ֮֮ͯУö˻һֱͷͷάġ
쿪ڣһһٵһΪ񣡡
ৣ
ϼ̧ž仰£ʮɫĽâܣʱһռ˳ȥ
ȥͺǼ˱һ㡣
ǲɫĽܣռȴͻȻһƬڡͷ·һƬ򣬱ʲôɵˡ
һĺ⣬ʱסͯ塣֪꣬˼ֲϢ۾ĿƬΧĺڰ
ô£
򣡡Գһȡ
ž΢΢һ𣬽ܵĺڰռ䣬Ȼͯӹȥ
ãֻͯԼͷƤ飬һֲֿϢ·ҪԼȫߡ꣬ҪӡѪҺҪ̡
оԼҪɿµɵӡ
ʶģ߶ܣҪסӹĺڰϢǣ⼸Եĸܲס֮£ͯ𼴱ǽ߾ܵĲٿأתǳ
ɭֲĺڰ֮УɫĽ⣬ݺݵͯնɱ
ͯ𼸺ƾŸоеɫش˹ȥҪסһǣǺڰӰ£ٿصķ֮֮С
ۣɫشһɨ
ɫ⣬Ѹնɱȥ
ۣ
ͯԴɫɨ˹ȥɢ֮ͯϵͷ­ѾʧӰ١һûͷ­壬Ȼľ׮һվ
һ̣ɫս̨ϣ򡢺ʹ͸ܣɢʧͯյʧ󣬾ԲٿصļҲ
硣
ֱʱͯʬ壬ŻȥԵһͬ꣬һͬɱġ
ǿֲǲϼЯ򣬾˿¡ԼǸǿҲ̲ס̾Ŀ¡
֮ڣ¾Ŷ񶼲ֻͯҪ֮ڣܲ乥ͯҲ𽥱ߡ
򣬸֮ڣ
վںɫս̨ϣֲֳϼͬһ֮Ͻٵս
һ֮Уߣãžԡ
ͯˣ
ǿͯ𣬱Խʦɱˡɱȫƾսɱͯɲ͵Ϯɱı
һԪ񣬶ʦݣɱУɱרͯ
ߣþõסԼĺ
ô뵽ôܹԤϵһսĽ֣ͯΪ֡
Ŀã˭ܹţ
Ĵ֮У߾ٷʺ۾ɵЩ졣ȻǾŶ񾳽ǿߣȻ޷Լʵ
Խͯһޱȵĵģһ˲䣬ԽϾͻս̨֮ϡģʼɻɻֱ𾪡Խϵսô˵ǿ᣿
𾪲δãԽϣһͯԴ֮Щסˡ
Ǹңģҿľһ߾ٷתĿߵڳϣٵ˵
ʵϣȻΪԼһŶ˻þָֻͲʵĳʵ̫ˡ

ڣҪմԽϵĹ⣬ˡһλڳϣ˵
ǰ
һսԽ硣ڣҲմ⣬ߴ̡ԽϣǴڲμӵŻᡣ
߾ٷЦ
ԶϼФ£Уȴ͸ʧ䡣
Фڵģڽľ
仰·Ф¶Ф£ļǵãԼܾƼԽʦμŻʱԽʦ˵Ļ
ʱÿɷǲмһ˵ֻЦЦû뵽ԽʦŻϣŪ˴𶯣Ŀ֮նɱͯ


1288 ֮
Լϼڵļ̫ϳϣ·ҲܵФӵ仯ĿⶼФ¡
˵ڵϼˣ޷ƽ
ľϢˣڵĸ߼ʦԴΪļʮ߼ʦͬ޲ߡ嵤ʦȻ˵ľԪݽߡ
Խʦǰӳֻ֣شľӲ˻˵ûԽϼڵ˥ܽɱ⡣
ȻŸԽʮεʯΪֶͣ£ʮεʯܱģԽҪϼڲμŻᣬȴ׳һܾԽ
Ǻǣܾúð
ϼڣɲǴФһΪƼԽμŻᣬ˷
أ
ԽѾŻֶսһɱһԪصӰ򣬺ܿͻᴫȥ硣ʱֻ¶˷ڡ
󣬵ʱжţĽ뵽֮ڣ
ˣԽܳɹߵһڽôǹƼŻӵ
ʼҲ߸ŻƼѡ
ФǼǿ֮ˣһûкڹԼľǴʱ˿̣ʼЩˡ
źɫս̨һɫӰ˫Ŀ֮Ǹӵ

ⲻܣʼӵĸֱӾڴ֮
ʼμŻߣһһԲ
ۿţ񾳽ʦͯǸԽʦС
ͯǲμŻ֮Уʵǿһͯʦֵļúܶ˱ᡣͯʦ֣ǸԽС
ôôǿʵôǿ̶ֳȣһԪѣʦôģôģͳڴھþòɢ
ʼȻӴھͯߣȻǻʼǳҪĵӡ
ڣʼҪҵһͯ츳ߣһ׵顣һ꣬ҲڶϾ粢ֱлʼһ
ʼͯҲǼͯˣڵŻս֮ˡ
ɶ񣬸ô˽λɫüҪγˮ
һŻᣬʼӲμӣһǳ顣ͯ¿ɾͲôˡ
ʱһ֮УҲǳ졣
ڣ˵񣬶ûпԣǿڵһˡˣǶϪ档
֮ǰλ˵˹ھԵĲٻ
ھͬؾĹУɱ˶ľԶΣ˳档
Ȼ֮һʱûȥǣжԾԵĺ⣬ȴδǹ
뱨ԣǾһֱסڱϪ֮ۡڣ޷ʲôֶΣû̫á
һŻᣬԴӿ֮ڵ׺֮ûʧ
Ͳþںɫս̨ϡ
ǣͯսʱޱڴ˷ܵԽ֮ڣǺܻԾһγԱ;ԡ
ɵһսսĽȴı͡ϻģǸоһԼĿ֮޲طȥ
ĵ˵ԽʦסʼͯһСͯɫش֮£ضֱӱҳɽȴǣͯԽʦС
һָӵУһЩĸо
Խ쾰Աֳʵ棬뾰潻֣ҪɱԣҲһ׵ˡ㾰ȻѾĶ˻֣ȵֶΣҪߵĻס
ɫս̨ϡ
ԽͯսԽʤŻֶսֵ˵ԶУһ֮С
лǰԹ
΢ЦŶԾԵ˵ͷֻ·һص⡣
򡭡
ԽԼյģĹ鱦Яġ鱦ˣ˭أ˼š
磬ܹ򵽼εĴ߲ࡣҲ˵ⷨĴͲࡣĴߣĻֻ
棬ľǻԷ򡣶۾ľԷ
ɽȹĿռ䷨ⷨ


1289 ̫
֮оķȻֻǲһԵķ򡣵֮ƫĳһԵķ
ʵϣڵľԼΪ֮ԴĹϵٿصķҲԻΪ
ܹ򹥻鱦֮ⷨϣ϶ŷǳо
΢˼Ƭ̣ҲûʲôͷҲͲȥ룬ԽֻǻԵɺϲŵõ鱦
ԺܿʹӺɫս̨ص˺
Խϣ߾ٷɫ΢졣
ԽϻɱʼͯǴİ̫ϳϣҲ׷׳ԡ
֮УΪء
֮ǰȻϣƾǵЩ̫ϳϣȻҲԾԺֿܿڵĿһ
磬ȻʦȷʵǺܸߡǣվһ硣ʦô㣬ҲҪæǻ˼ҸͲῴһۡ
һǿߣǾͲһˣ˶𾴣ǴӹģΪȭͷӲ㲻ܴ
ɽȵļ̫ϳϣҲ񾳽ߡȻֻԪ񣬿ȴնɱ˻ʼͯʵȫЩ̫ϳƽƽˡ
Ҳ֣΢Ц˵Ҳ̫ͯɺޡֻǣ˾ٿܻûʼǳ˰ɡǴڲμŻᣬҲ֪ǻ᲻Ǩŭڡ
ͯˣڻʼ϶ǳأʼ棬ӦҲǼġԽκεġʼŭҲܶΡǣѵɳ򣿡
ȣͲ߾ٷ˵ʱ˿
ЦЦ˵ȻҺ޳ֵɣҲûʼ˵Ұ
ȻֻǾŶ񣬵Ҳֶ߽ܵľŶ񡣾ǻʼĵˣҲ
ΣʼĴ㹥ڣͨɽһءʼȻѰɡڣɽҲϸĲ֤ǷֻʼΪһŻսϣͶչģɽǻֱӲֵġ߾ٷ˵
ΪعϵԸ߾ٷȵڵˣŲĻʼʼȷʵǿ󣬿Ҳûǿڵĵز
߾ٷԣҲͷˡ
Խϣлл㡣ʱһ
񣬲֪ʲôʱѾ˹Ѿ֪նɱͯΪԼˡ
ʲôҲˣڶսͯҾɱҲû취ɱЦЦ˵
ţּһơϢѾȶҪָˡоϼһžܽ⡣
ԼҲûѯʾԡ֪Լһ;Ҳߵͷˡϼ̫󣬾ڣҲŪ㹻ľϼ
Խϣ񺣣г׻ָĿ𣿡Լûʣ߾ٷȴˡ
ߵ񺣣ǳأѾѡԳ˵ҪȫָعƣҲʮžϼлᡣ
ʮžϼ
֣߾ٷĿⶼһɫҲ̱ó
ȻܴԴҲࡣҪ˵߾ȫǻҲŪʮƾϼĲϡôˣţܴܶܵӰ졣
ΪҷˡǺǣʮžϼþŶˣһԪԶԶֵáЦ˵
˼˵ʮžϼļֵȫ㹻þŶðΣΪˡ
Ϊķ˾޴ĴۣԼ޷İ
߾ٷŵĳǣҲ֪ôӦǵȻ񣬿ۣĲһȾܾġ
㲻Ļ䡣ŻǶصƾϼԳЦЦ˵
ȻʼԼõŻǲԼˣŻһʦ˵ҲܵԼĹСʼߵŮӣҲȵˡ
Զ񺣱ѣҲӲ
ԵĻ߾ٷ˶¶Цı顣ھƾϼǵǲʮ⡣Ծֳ嵤ʦĵҪ޷ƾϼǲŲ
ǣϼĲϡ
Կ˿߾ٷˣǵı󣬾֪еԵɡ
΢΢һЦ
ʦƾϼҪĲϣȷʵҪڸֲĴۡǾԣȴһΪƾϼһҪ˰


1290 Ҫ˰
ƾϼ֮У˰Ϊġ˰ֻл֮вǻ磬߶롣
ʹñ˰ƾϼ۾ͺˡһݾϼϣǱ˰ļֵͳֵܼľųɡ
ΪԼƾϼҪ˰ԲŸ˵ⷬȻɲҸ߾ٷ
Խϣϼⵤҩһ¯ֻܳɵһŶ԰ɣ߾ٷЦ˵
Եͷ˵ʮžϼÿһ¯ƳɹҲҪʮݲϣʵ̫ˣڣҲѳܡҪһϼھֱİ
ȷʵһ츳ܸߵߣǰ;ĺܿϧ˶󡣵߾ٷ˿ĿǸ⡣
Ը߾ٷ¶һ΢ЦûκαԹԼŵ˼ԾϼļֵҲһ
԰ڰ˵ȱż
˵ϼƣҪ˰أЦ˵
ʲô
Ҫ˰
Խϣ㲻ڿЦɣ˰Ǿϼϡñ˰ƳĵҩǾϼ𣿡߾ٷ˶һžԡ
ˣš
ƾϼҪ˰ȫδŵ飡
ʥʦҲɣ
ȻǿЦЦҡͷ˵ƾϼԲʹñ˰ֲϡңƳľϼЧʹñ˰ľϼ˿
ȷ߾ٷ˵۾ϢʵҪúһ²ܽܡ
Խȷʵñ˰Ƴϼʱ򣬿˵
һ˲䣬е˵Ŀ⣬졣
˹˹ּ˵
ͽƳϼԼĵָ£ȫȫһ顣
ϣû˿˵һʱ÷ǳ
˵Уһɾκˡ
Ǿ֮ǰںֳֶΣǾ˵ⷬҲ޷š
˺һᡣ

ñ˰Ǿͼˣ˵ʮţǶʮҲܳۡ߾ٷЦ
Ȳ˵ĸ飬츳ߣҲȫֵŸۡһϣﵽŶ񾳽ġ
˵뿪ڣҲǧ˿ƵϵΣѵʱ϶Ҳ
˵죬뿪ϼڣΪϪǣϼˣҲԹۡ
ԽϣҡҲ֪ôĶ顣Ǻ죬һĶԾ˵
԰ڰֵȲæлŻǻصڣҽҩƳ񺣻ָٸм١

ʦ֣
ʦܣ
ɽȣһռ֮ڣ˼棬кһˣסŻս֣һˣֽѡ
Ѳ֮磬ǾŶ񾳽硣
ǣɽȹ״֮Уȴе塣֮ȴֻǵ
ѣҲֵʦ֡
ʦִ֣Ҫ鷳ˡ΢Цţ˵
ûʲô鷳鷳ġ˵Ҳʦ˼Ѱڰ˵
ѵΣ࣬ЩСɾСȴúܶ߶ηĿܡ
ִͲָˣѡ
һԽߣΪȤʦҲעһ¡Ŀתת
Ŷѿ֡
ߣڵֶսУɱһר񡣶ԼȥֻһԪ񣬲һʦյϢڵϵǳˡ˵
£
ȷʵе˼΢΢۾
֮ǰδעϷ飬ڵֶսõֵĴѶ֮󣬲̸Ϲ
֮ԣҲΪҲԪ񾳽ʱ򣬻ɱ
ţʦִ֮ԽսӦûһذɣֵͷ˵յ򣬷ֱǽСһԼʹãȽϴǳ
ҴݣȻʹáܽ˻٣ҪԼԡҡҡͷ˵
ʦ˵ǡҸоСһǷǳǿġڲμŻս֮ʱ򣬻һͨ񡣶ڽܵһִ̤Ԫ񾳽ˡڶִ֮Ѿ˻
СһĽٶȣҶܾȡȷʵܿþԵǱ
ĿһתϸĿ֡
Ƭ̣Ѳſ˵ʦܣǲǣ뽫ԽСһɵɽ


1291 ؼһ
֣˼վΪӵͷ
ɽȹ״֮Уʦ֡ʦֵͽܶȽ϶ࡣˣͽܾͱȽ١֣ڴ֮ǰӡ˵츳޷뾰ȡʦѣȫûͽܣѲϲ̵ͽǣԴա
ٺ١Ҫʦ˼ֺٺЦһ
ʦѾܾúܾûͽˣһ㣬ǧ˰ɣʦȻûȷ˵ͽǶһҲ֪ҡҡͷ˵
ʦܵ˼ʦܣ˳ҲԽԲԥ˵仰˼ҲԣɽȹӦòͽˣʦҪͽȥӴˡ
ٵȵȣٵȵȰɣڣвעԽСˡȻҡҡͷ
֮󣬵ִʼ
ռ֮ڡ
ңѣŶ񾳽ߡŻִ𡣡ѵ쳹ھԵ߶С
ǰ
֣ԵжһȻԳǾŶ񣬿ǴҶ֪һܹߵľŶɽȹ״еҪǰ֮ϡ
û˸Ŷ
ѵĻ٣׼֮һǰŴϢݣ뵽Եٶ֮С
ǡ
ʹãз֮Ĳٿأ
򡭡򡭡þĿƣԼ˲䣬ͳС
ԵߴϢݣضʹ÷һͳĸ
ܹն٣ȫ츳ˡе˿ܵõе˿ܼò
ΪƾŶ񾳽磬ܴߣҪԭ򣬾ڶͷ֮ʹϡ֮
һʱ䣬̫̫ˡ
ԶûţһʱѾٶߣȫصӴ֮ϡ

ǰ̫ˡʹã˾֮ǰʹãֲ̫ˡ
ǰңʹͬʹͬ򾳽綼һǶսɱֻһжס̾š
ŵԾ԰ǳԼյ򣬶ȫµʶһʱ䣬ԶʹãҲ˸ǿ⡣
ȻҪȫתսȻҪʱ䣬ҪԶһʱ䡣
һ£þԸϲԼŵ֮󣬲ʹ˽һļľɱ䣬кǿĴԼоԼյƺŵڶһ󲽣򣬾кϵĸо
⣬ͬкܴĽ
ִ֮󣬵ŻսҲͿʼˡ
ŻսԵĶһԪս̨֮ϣԪȫû뾰ԽֵĴ㣬ֱӾ˽
·УǶħһĴڣս̨϶ҳܾԵһ
ҲǣǰŻսУһϳΣһֿաζսУԵ֣һһǻʼͯȫˣ
߿ԻһΣյĴڡ
ŻսУֱӸɴ䣬Ҳܹˡ
ͨŻսû˸е̫⡣
Ͼڵֶս֮УԱֳսѾڳߣԾԵʵ˱Ƚ֪
οֶսԵĶֻ֣һԪ񾳽ߡǰ񶼱ŪˣһԪǼʱܿҲᱻԽʦһɱ

ԽϣŻս֮󣬽һ˵ͷǳؼˡ߾ٷ֣صı˵
Ե˵ͷ
ŻḶ́Ȼ֪̣ϷΪ׶Ρ
һ׶ΣŻսڶ׶Σǵš
Żսһ֣ÿһֽһŵĻᡣĴŵߵİ˵ķǳľ޴󡣵ǣְȻԶԶ޷ȡ
ŻʷϣǳֹͨμŻᣬŻͳ˾ŶӵġֻеţŻֿܷ
ڵһ׶֮УŻս󣬻һ뾭Ĳ衣
裬ҲܷŵĹؼ
ŵֻʮһࡣھֶսֵ֮ͨߣȴٶٶˣ󲿷ֿ϶ûеŻġôɸѡֶͨս֮һ
ңһǣһУҪߣֻǾԵٶֶͨսߡ


1292 һϣ
ؼһУģһЩʵֲľŶ
ŶμŻᣬǲҪǰֶսġҲ˵ҪжսߣҲ񡣾ŶֱӲ뵽һȨ
Żᣬˡ
ЩŶ񣬾Զд󱳾ġе綥ĺĳԱеǴ״ӡЩˣ뾰ԵȾֶսߣŵĻԵ
һǡħ󡯣
غħܽǰʮͿԻõŵĻᡣܽǰʮֻܿű˵š߾ٷ˵ЩŶ񣬿϶ܽǰʮ
ǰҴ̽ϢμһŻľŶӦǶʮˡʮˣҪռݶʮʣµĶʮ˸ǾֶսߣĿꡣ
ٶֶͨսߣȥʮ˸ƽ˵ʮ֮һֶͨսߣвһ񾳽ǿߡУһЩĶ˻֮ӡ
˵ԽϣѹǺܴġ߾ٷͳ
һҪɹȷʵѡ
ҪǾ֮ǰɱͯǸ߾ٷ϶ͲκϣˡɾŪ֤ͯԵսԿɱȱͯУɲǵ׵ģһ򣬾ͺֲܿ
ˣ߾ٷҲǾãлǰʮȻֻлᣬѶ൱Ĵ
Ϊɣ΢Ц˵
Ҳ֪ħѶж󡣵̫ҲãܲܽǰʮҪԼںħеı֣Ҫںħеı֡
֮󣬵ִʼ
һδֺλǰһͬ
ʱ䣬ǰδʱ䡣
ռ֮ڡ
ǱŻᣬһδᡣǣϧλᡣҲףǶŵеõֵٶߵĶС
ʦ֣˵
ãǰ
ˣǿϢֱӾ;
Եٶߣȫڵϣ̿׼
ʹúͷٿصݣٴθԴ޷ûĴþԼǲ֪Ҫʱ
һʱ䣬ҴҶ
ҵ򣬸оɱ䵽ڶǲôһ˿˿
򣬽ȸһЩɾڶҲԶˡ
żŲҪʱ䣬ҵ򣬾ɱ䡣޷ҲǺķѶһЩʱ䡣
ĬĬת
һʱִ֮һٶߣ׼Ĵ

ʮꡭʮꡭʮꡭ
ԶԵ˻˺ܶĵáʮͿʼԡ
˻ĵѶȷǳ֮ҪԶԶڵڶ˻ĵ
Ͼ˻һǿɾ񾳽ˡ
ʮꡭʮꡭһꡭ
ǲһЩ
ϧˣ
ܵ˻ôԺеĺħУҿ϶ܽǰʮһŵ
ǿ󲻵ð˻ҪܻҪһЩĻԵ
񾳽磬ô׾ͻƵģ
ҡҡͷٶߣոձͳռ䣬صӴ֮ϡʱ򣬾Ҳһվ΢΢ҡͷ
ȻЩϧԶԼŵ֮еջҲѾˡ
˵ִٿԽʡһʮʱޡûŻᣬҪŬʱ䣬ܴﵽڵ

ʦܣעԽûͻƵ񾳽簡Ŀ⿴žԻصҡҡͷ˵
δ֮ǰˣ۹Խܲһδ֮н񾳽硣
ǰûе˻̾һ˵
ܵ˻̤񾳽磬ôӦɾܶõŻġּ˵
ţⲻӦһתԪҪںħнǰʮ֮Уˡ
һɵϣתѡ
һɵϣҲûеģϸĹעδ֮УԽ򣬶ûɱ䡣Ҳ˵ɱ֮ͯսһЩӦòԡ
ҾãһϣûСҡͷ˵
򣬶ûɱ䣿ü˵СһʹϣгĽҲ˵ܸõʹܣôսҲкܴ


1293 ħ
ͨͨǳͨǲֱӴڵġ
ɽȹĴڣҲ޷һͨ㴫ڸߡ
ͨооߣȴĵãͨߣͨЩĵãͬܵõܴ
羰ʱʦФӢ͸ԵĽͨĵãͶԾ԰޴
ѵĴǹ̶͵ͨĵãһֶͨʹõݣȷе˵üݸΪǡлԷ֮Ĳٿؼɡ
ߵʦԣѵͷԽʹ÷кܴĽȷʵҲӲսлǾãԽҪţһɶ
ȥŶ֮⣬ٶ֮Уһҵ񾳽ߡЩߣвսǻʼͯҪǿöġ
ͯҲǵ˻񣬶ЩֶսУȴвٶĶ˻ġ
˵ʹܹнҲԭ̤ڰ֮ڣﵽ񾳽ߣһߣ
ֵǺϣܵõŵĻᣬҲףԵĻȷʵã
ԽСһʱ̫ˡһ궼Щʮߣ̫Կˡ̾Ϣһ
μŻУӽһĶС˼ʱ䣬԰ٱԣȻǳԿ
ǣŻҲܸġϣûоԵĹƽ
ʵϾʱɲ̣ԵĦʱ߼񾧼٣ܴﵽʮʱٵġ
ŻᴫĹУʹĦʱʹﵽ񾳽ˡ
һ֮
ħ󼴽ʼֶͨսߣ֣ϵܴ
֮ԵٶֶսߣٵĽӴ
ɫս̨ѾʧΪẒ̇ѾҪʹˡ
ٶˣϡϡվڵϣ۾ǰִ߻ѾŶ
ֹƬ̡
ʱ򣬴һ򣬶ʮӰ֮пٷж
ʮˣϢǿɢϢ
ʮŶͬʱִҪֱӽкħ뾭ֶսٶߣʮŵĻᡣ
ЩŶȻǰ֮µ͡ǣҼſֲı
ǣҲϣΪ֮ĴڡȻǣΪ֮ĻҲǱȽãģֻ˵ͨöࡣ
ҪΪ֮ǧľţǹ츳еġ
ѣ߶ܹǣȻûа취Ϊ֮ѵ˵츳ߣ
֮Ужţնûܴﵽ֮Ρ
ʮŶевˣĿⶼھԵ϶Ƭ̡
Ȼ֮ǰҲ֪˾ԣҶһЩעֻ֪һԪ񾳽ߣȴŪһ
ȻҲ΢עһ°ˣЩȡҪ˵ڵľԣܶǲѹȻǲܵġ񣬻Ѱ˼žԪ񣬻᲻ԼŵĻᣬǾŶ
ħ󣡡
ܼ򵥡ڣֻҪָʱ伴ɡ
˴Һʦ֣ÿжӦʱǰʮߣõŻᡣˣȫֱ̭ˣ˵
ڣǻʲô׵ĵط𣿡һ䡣
û˵
ܺãħ󣬿ֱչƵڿռ˿
֮䣬һĻҫ
˵ڳߣһĸо
¡¡
һ춯֮УӴĵ֮ϣʼ仯
Ե˵֮УƽĵĴǳһµСгֺ棬ɫĹţǽռ䶼ס
ɫĹâ֮У·̲ܡֻãԼ֮£СͬɳĮ֮еһɳеһˮ
飬׼ֿһߡ
ǣбľŶӦһͬʱ۾
ڱոձ۾ʱһɫâֱӴǿУ˱顣źɫâס
Լʱ֮
ԵУͳ顣һڵϵı飬һվ
һĻû˾ȡΪԴˣ֪ˡȻһ֮ǰҲ˽⡣֮Գֵڶ飬ǺħĹ֮ݱ鱾黯ġ


1294 Դ
ħֱսŻ
ߣȻܱȥȻҪˡħĹ򣬿ԽĸƳһ߶Ӧߵ黯塣黯ںħߴҲ̽
飬ȥɣֶԱ˵ͷ
ǣ黯ı飬Ӧһǿֲгȥ
ৣ
黯ı飬ʧھԵǰߴҲһ̿ʼʱ䡣
棬ܿ汫ĴԣԵˣ֪黯ںħڵɱ
֮ǰյĺħϢҲ˽һЩںħڵɱǳҡǾŶҲͼֲ˶ʱ䡣
ϵˣδ̫á
ڵϵı飬΢΢һ
ʱĿ΢΢һ
ߣںħڣһʮʱ䡣ֿ˵
һʮǱŶ񣬴ɼ
лִˣվֹл
֣ϲϲ
Ǻǣٶʱ䣬ѹȻǿ
ɼӦܽǰʮ˰ɣ
һЩŶ񣬶ء
Ҳ˳ںħڣٸʱ䣬ɼܲˡ
ߣ׼ֽߣתһŶ
ǽľŶӦһ
Ӻħϣһɫâ䵽ߵϡһ黯壬֮ǰһģһϢǼӽ
ߣںħڣ˸ʱ䡣黯ս֮ɼ
ߣںħڣʮĸʱ䡣

һߵ黯壬½뵽ħԼĴ󡣾ŶĴھԵٶ֮ǰ
ԴԼҲ˽ˣһŶ񾳽ߣںħڣܼٸʱҡܳʮʱ䣬ǾǱȽľŶ
ʮŶȫһʵǿľŶ񣬾ںħ֮ڣٰʮʱ䡣
˴֮⣬Ҳ˽ӽٰʮʱ䡣ʮ֮УֻˣǼʮʱϡģֵʱ䶼ٸʱ䡣
Ŷ󣬾ֵ˾ٶߡ
һħģһԪ񾳽ߡԪ黯壬ڽħ֮󣬽ʮʱս
ǣǵϵߣܴڵߣûȡЦԪȻڴҿһԪܼʮʱ䣬Ѿܲˡ
Ľȣǳ١
ЩͨŻսôʸߣ黯岻ϽħȻܿս
Ԫ񣬳ɼԼʮʱҡǿԪҲѼֳʮʱ䡣
񣬾ͱȽǿˡһҲֳܼһٸʱ䡣ǿֳܼһʮʱ䡣
ע⵽Ķ˻ܼһ߰ʮʱҡͨľŶ񣬶ˡ
Ҳ֪ںħڣֶܼáüѰ˼š
ڿҪõһŵʸںħڣٵüֳһʮʱ䣬ϣаգ͵üֳһٰʮʱ䡣԰ķš
Ǻˡ
ڵսЩ˻񣬵ǻԣĶ˻ҿǱȲġЩĶ˻ںħڣҲܼһʮʱ䵽һٰʮʱ䡣΢΢ü

һԽ׼Ի˼֮Уֵ
ǣæ漴Ӧһ
Խˣ
Ԫںħڣֶʱ䣿
˵ǰ棬нӽϰٸԪħˣЩԪ񣬼ʱģһٸʱ䡣
λԽߣɲһԪܱȡ֮ǰɱͯ龰ֲûҾãħ֮ڣ϶ܼһٸʱϡ
ߣһٸʱôҪõŵĻᣬüһʮʱϣһԪ񣬲ģ
ǵߣܴڵĴߣв٣Ŀ⿴ľԣ²λԽʦںħȡһʲôĳɼ
ʱ򣬴Ӻħ֮УһɫâžԿϯ
ɫâ뾰ԣֻо΢΢һһµϢԼһӰӣԼǰ۳


1295 ħ
Ҳգ۵ʱ䣬ӰӾʵɵڶԡ
壬һһվţĿ⻥ӡ
һַǳĸоɲվӡܸо黯壬˼άо黯뱾ʲôԲ졣
ԽߣڿԽħˣֵ뾰ԶС
ǣԵ黯壬ֹ˹ħС
ӽ֮󣬾Ծ͸оһɿµԼֱӾ˽ȥǰľʱһƬڣжΡ
ܿ죬Եоȫָ
һƬɵĿռ䣬ͷ·һɴԼߡԶľ󣬸ͿС
æ̿
黯壬뱾壬ûжĲȻ֪黯ȫǺħ۳ɵģɵڿԼ壬ȴƱһ
Ҫ˵ǿ¾黯壬ûвս׺ͲϼȻҲûǬС֮ûˣ黯壬־յ򣬶뱾һʩչ
ţ
ͻȻ䣬ԸоһǿϢԶԼӽ
ַΧڣԿһߴĺɫܣԼٶȽӽ
ûħ˵ĺħֺɫܡ
ɫأվԭأ˿⡣
˵ɫܣģʹõĻеܲͬЩеܣʦĿʯΪƳġħȴÿʯơ
ħħʬơ
ڻ֮Уų֮ȺڡħеһǿޱȵȺħһּаǿײޱȣ࣬ὫֱɱȻԵ
ȻڵľԸûħӽ֮еĺħҲֻħʬƶɵĿܡ
ڣɫĸߴ壬˾Եߡ
𣡡ħŭ
УһɫĸͷȫϢžԳɱֲþȫ
Լħƽֱһܱ
䣡
γɵĿݺײںħ֮ϣһ졣
Ȼ˽ϢһЩħû硣ǲʹѧҲٿط򣬸ʹǵĹ̺Կת
ȻȷϢʱɫȴѿ
ΪĽֱӻǺħ֮󣬺ħֻǺ˼ûǺ˼ںħϣֻǳּϸ΢ˡˣת۾ͻָ
ȻûвϼĽ򣬺ֲ˵ľԪ񣬶ܲסһǺħֻǺ˼˶ѡ
ǹ
ǿȣֱˡħЩŶҲ޲߰ɣε˻һ
ڣⴳ󣬲ҪƻħǾںħмָʱѡ
ͷħٶԼԵĽʩչϵĺںħ֮ϡ
ħŭ𣬿ȴ޷ӽԣֲʩչѧȹܽӽԣ޷ԡ
ħǴĽսλ
ʮʱ
𣡡
һŭھԵ𶯡
ˣڶͷħˡԵӣ˿Զˡ
ħĴÿʮʱ䣬ͻһͷħ߹
ڶͷħĳ֣ҲʹںħУѾʮʱ䡣
𣡺𣡡
ڶͷħܿ͵ִһͷħһͬԾԷ͵ĹͷħòϼһԻܷһЩϸ΢֮
ͷħͬʱ׺ݵĳԵѹʱȻȻʩչɵܣѾԽͷħĽŲ赲
Կʼһߺˣһս
ʮʱ󣬵ͷħսȦ
¡¡
飡飡
ɱļҡЩħƺҲ΢һЩǻۣǾȻֿ֪ԾԳɱ£ԾЩ˴ʧˡ
ڣԵ㹻ǿܽսκϸ΢仯ڵһʱ̽
򣡽򣡽򣡡ʱۣʱУ򲻶ϵʩչӽĺħˡ
ʮʱ֮󣬵ͷħ֡
ͷħĹԵĽȫ赲ˡ
򣡡һͷħĺɫͷҵԼǰһ̣ʩչ򣬼ʱĽһ˿
ɳһ
һδȫɳһıЩħȻûκξ磬ɶռڵߣӦȴ쳣


1296 Եļ
Ե壬δڿռԻͷħܣ׼ȷڵλó̹

ͷħһӶ޸̣ɫҲǺס
ҪȫܺħܵĹȻǲʵġħܶԴߵĸ֪±ȾŶ֪ʩչľԻҪöࡣ
ȻԾԵİȻǺܴģʩչʱ򣬾ԵٶҪȺħܿһЩ
ʮʱ󣬵ͷħɱ˳
Ե񾭣˼¡
Ȼд壬ǿᣬҲǺħܾ޸Ĺһͷˣδɾͽˡǰǣ϶ԼڶδĻᡣ
򲻵ѣԾô忹ħܵľ޸
ʮʱ󣬵ͷħ֡
ʱʹýľԣҲӽ˼ޡ

ԽʵȷʵǿʮʱĴû֮ǰвԪʮʱ䶼ûмֵءϣһŶ˵
ЩŶ񣬴ʱɫúܡ
ǸеŻġ
ڵΪŵģЩ񾳽ߣҪʣĶʮ˸ŻǳҡҪԼ㹻㣬Ҫ˴ֲԼԣǺܽš
ЩȫʧȥԪ񾳽ߣҲǲýˡȫûпܵõŻˡ
ںħȫЩûлŵߣõɽöİο
Խʵмʮʱ䣬ſɣֳһٸʱ䣬ǲ̸ֵһ¡һŶЦЦ˵
ʮʱ䣡
ʮʱ䣡ʮʱ䣡
ںħڣѾòʩչ֮󣬾Եѹʱᡣ֮£Щħٶȶˣóٶۡ
ʱͷħΧԻпй۲Щħò
ףͷħŮԣԹ۲쵽ͷħ֮УһͷǰȽͻ
ӦŮԡֻⳤ࡭˲ܽܡҡҡͷ
ʮʱ䣬һٸʱ䣡
ڴľ˵ʱúɶ˵һٸʱĺܿ졣
ںħ֮Уʱﵽһٸʱ䣬Ѿˡ
ĿǰΪֹμŻУƾԪ񾳽磬ںħڼִﵽһٸʱģֻоһˡ
ʱ򣬵ϵЩŶҲ¶˼֣ɫ
֣Ҳ˿Եʦ֡
һٸʱˡڵԽԵʮһͷֵܹ˵
ⲻļޡ򣬶ԺħѹƷǳЧҲ˵
ǰĳͨȷʵǿħܹٶȡǡÿƺħ档Ҳͷ
šһʮʱ䣬ҲԽļˡȻܴ󣬿ľ绹ǵˡħൽһ̶ȣˡͣԾںħмֵʱжϡ
ΪԵļޣһʮʱ䡣
û˵֪ʦ˵ģӦǺ׼ȷġҲΪԽںħڣѼֳһʮʱ䡣
ʼ֮С
ʼɫĿ
ţ
±Ӱɣλ
ھԻɱͯ£λɲǡлᣬԻԳɱԽĸʦ
ͬ侰Ա̭ˣֻлʼˣҲҧгݵžԵ黯ںħбɱ
ںħڼʱԽǾԽǷŭ

ԽϣѾڼһʮʱˡ
ǰڿӦǱʮͷħΧ˰ɣ
ϣԽܼȥ߾ٷˣɫأ̸š
ԽϿԵģŻῪʼ֮ǰ˭뵽ԽͨŻսЩ
˭뵽Խɱʼͯ񣿡˵
߾ٷ˶Ŀ⿴
ԣ˵ԽϻܸһϲЩ͹ԽʵĿࡣ߾ٷصͷһȭͷͺȵ
Фˣɫʱһݺݵ˸߾ٷһۡ
ʱħڣ
һʮʱ
ƣ
ɶ񣬹
ƾЩܣҲɱңԷĻӶֱۣĻǺɨǵָӡ
壬ʮͷħܵĹ֮У·ƶšܣȫǸߴĺħܡ


1297 ˻
ʱԵĻΧѾС
ʮͷħܣǵصĴ˷ѹžԡ
ԵȻǿͬʱʮͷħܵϣЧЩǿˡֵܼڣ֮ǰܵǰĴ
ΪǰδԶʹ˸ε֪ھԵ黯Ѿħնɱˡ
䣡
žžž
ս⼤ȻƵɽˮĵزȻûз
ಣ
һɫ޸Х
һǿд߶ʩչ
ʩչʧԭأɾûŷ֮ɳԶͱЩħٶ
Ǽʱȥ
𣡡ԶˣһϤŭ
ǵʮͷħˡ
ӦŵʮͷħܵıƽԵУ¶һ˿ΡΧʮͷħܣͽȵɽˮĵزڣһͷףԼٶʮʱˡ
һʱ䣬ںħڣѾһʮʱ䡣ʱ䣬Ѿ֡ѵԤ˶ΪںħڣһʮʱǼޡ
ڣԴʱѳһʮʱ䡣
ϣЩ񾳽ߣһı飬ء
ںħڣһʮʱ䣬֮бȽǿˡЩĶ˻Ҳżһʮһٰʮ֮ӡ


սҲ
ԵĿ⣬ʮͷħܵʱĿеѾȫʧȡ֮ǣΪǿҺȵս⡣

Ҳ
Ѫڵĸо
ɱһŭ𣬳裬˫Ŀ΢΢죬Ϣᣬȫڱת
壬Ҳǲϵתš
˺~
һɫ⣬Ӿ仮˹ȥһ˿ڣھԵĸ
ҧ͵ײͷ㽫Լնϵĺħϡ
һͷǿܿˣɽͷĸ⣬ھһĿӡֱӱӻУǿ¾Ǵ壬Ҳ޷ʱָˡ
һʮĸ
һʮ
Ȼڼ֣ħɱ
ʱڵϵľԣͻȻ΢΢һһ֮ɢ
оϵϢܵߣ¶Цݡ
ˣԽһʮʱ䣬Ĵ󣬻ǽˡһʮʱ䣬ȻܲˣҪõŵĻᣬǲ̫ˡ
Ҳһ̾
վǲܵŰϧ̫ϧˡǱŻľٰ죬Ƴٸʱ䣬ôԽһܶûİɣĬĬת
Ȼޱ飬УҲЩϧҲãԽߣ˲áƾһԪߵΪںħڣֳһʮʱ䡣˵һС׳١
Ȼϧǹǲܸı䣬Ҳ޷ı䡣
ܲߣλߣǰԵĴɼ
΢΢ſҪ
һ£ȴüͷһ壬ͻȻ˵
ʦ֣ôˣֿѣЩɻ
ʦܣ㿴Խ񡣡ѵĿȻľԣж˵
仰ָɻˣŲ˾ԡ
ףһַ
ľԣȻû۾ߣںħս֮󣬶۾ġǾԴʱȻ۾
ǰΪλԽĳɼأ̲סߴ١
ΪԵĳɼѾܽӽЩǿĳɼٵ飬ǶЩл˵ͻܲˡ
ûѯʣǿ˿ѣǶͷ
ֱչǺħнӴֻǺܶݵĽӴҲգʱ־ջԼ
鸴ӣĿ⿴ܵ˵ԽߣȻڴ֮С
ôܣ
ղŶϢˣȻѾսˡôᣬڴ󣿡
ǰǲŪˣ

Щǿļˡ
Щ²ؼľŶһҲĿɻ
ЩˣȻһ֡λǰΪԽ񿪺סڵȷʵ˷˼޷⡣
ڳ΢Щֺ壬ѹѹʱ
ڵϵľԣ֮ϣȴǵһصĺ嫵ϢȵϢ
ˣһӱͣȻĿžԡЩˣϢİΪİŻޱȵ𾪣һֶ˵
Եĸ֮У֮ϣ˻ȽȽ


1298 
һ֮಻
öϷ˻ԽԽ˻ĵ֮еͬˮһ㣬ŵ˻˹ȥ
Ե񺣣嫣ڵһġ
ˣ
һھΧתӿ
ǡʲô
Խôͻƾ磿
ܣⲻܣ黯壬ںħɱı壬Ȼʼͻƾ
ȷʵ˼ϢȻͻƾ硣ƺǣڵ˻ǳɹ񾳽磡
ԾϵϢߣİǶ񾳽ߡֻԪ񾳽磬Ҳ˻ĵİǶصľ顣
ΪˣǴʱܻȷԾͻƾ˻
ֻǣ黯崳ħʱͻƱ徳磬˾Щ
Ҫ֪ȻҪʹñ壬黯壬ҲҪƵġҲ˵ضһ̶ϷġͻƣȫעоȻһǳΣյ顣
ȫע׼㹻֣뵮˻ء
ֻ˵Խĵ̫̫ˡ
ǻСԽ߰۾з
ţʱͻƾ磬ɲһ˸ġǣ黯壬Ȼںħɱǻһֻ黯Ѿѡרע˻ͻƾˡֵ˵ͷϵı飬ܸӡ
˻ǱȽѵģȵĶ˻ס΢΢ҡͷ˵ûм˵ȥ
һ˵ҿʼϲСˣӹ־ҲᶨܳΪ֮
ʦ֣ǸһĨ΢ЦԼʦֳ޵ˣ綼ǲλʦ֣Ȼ֮ľ磬һĸˡͬʱҲ磬Ϊҫ۵һλڡ
Լλʦ֣ȻֻǾŶ񣬵ܵĹעҪ߻Ҫࡣ
ֻ֪Լʦ𣬶ʦҲмӵġ֪Լʦ𣬲ûжʦֳΪ֮ȫʧȥġʦãʦȻϣΪ֮
ʦֵһɹĽߣʵͷͬСɣȴˡ
ʱԵ֮С

˴֮󣬵˻΢΢һ𣬱ʵ
ö֮ϵָ˻໥ӦھԵ֮о
Եͻƣɹˣ
ʵϣһŵʱ򣬾Ծ;뵮˻ܽӽˡǷȱģһͻƵ
Ե黯壬ںħɱԾ˵˻һͻһ㾳
ò˵񾳽ߣҪͻƾĲҪ츳ҪԼĻԵҪһЩͻƵ
һΣǾںħֲôҪ˻ķʱ䶼Ǻġδ̶̵ʱ֮ڣͳɹĵ˵˻
һ;ĺ˵
ħеľ黯壬űľͻƣ黯ϢҲ֮ȵǿ

ЩҲɱң
ȫ˺ۣȻд岻ϻָʮͷħΧ£Ļָ޷ӵĿ˿ڡ
䣡
ɨ֮£ӽԵļħܣֱӱµݺݵɨ˳ȥ
֮ǰԵĽ򼴱ֻһͷħܣҲǽһЩڣȴһλɳͷħܡ
ɴ˿ɼþԵսжôǿ
ԵʵɲǽܡЧԳͻ֮ǰ
ʮͷħܵΧ֮£Żȴúɡ
ʱ򣬵ʮͷħѾŭ֣žԳ
ɣ
ҵҪɱңԵĿУŷ
ȫϢһ

ͻˣ
ˣ
ͽˣ
һžԵ۾ĿⶼǳӡЩߣŴͣð˵һ仰
˼ͻƾ磬ôôףԼҪͻƾ磬ôôѣ
黯壬ںħħɱߵı壬Īĵ˻Ϊ񾳽ߡ
вߣһֲһгȥԵĳ嶯
ǲԶʮŶ񣬴ʱһҲͲ˵ˡ


1299 
ѣתĿһۡ
еߣһ񶼲ܴﵽеߣȴڰʱڳΪ֮΢һ˵һ䡣
ʷϣȷʵаɾʹܵĴڡ
ǰһ;ˡᳶһ£˵ͷ
棬ֻЩס˰ɣͻȻЦĿ⿴һڵĴ
һŻսټԽҪͽ£ֵ֮Ͷ֪ˡҲʲôص飬ҲûҪ˼
ʱ֪µĴԴ²ÿɷû˾ʲôס
ڣѾͬˡһŻսʱԽͨ񾳽ߡϵǰ;չ¶ĵǰ;ǰ;ȷʵáһһ궼ȫͬˡ
棬º˰ɣ졣
һǳڰʱǻᣬֻټԽ񡣾˵ԽҲʦ𡣡ֵ˵
ԽҪʦҲѵͷ
ǰϧҪԽԽԸҲͻˡֻڣ򲻻ԽˡϧǣԽΪӵ֮Բֻһˡҡҡͷ
ʱĴ֮УȷʵЩĸˡ
һţлΪӣȴֽ⡣
ûҹԣǻáѾҹ˾ԣȴûгûͽ
Ҫ˵ڣôܣ
˵ԽΪܣǲɴܣֻǴﵽŶΣҲ˲áԽֳʵһΪŶֻ¾ƥ֮ͨٳ۸꣬ӵпѵսҲ
һĵӣԶ棬γɼˡ
۾Ȼţû˵̼֪ڵһҩͰܿһըԼǲҪ̼Ϊá
ħڣ
ٸʱ䣡һʮʱ䣡
ħԽԽࡣ
ŵĻᣬҿ϶ܵõˡѰ˼š
ֻЩϧˣҸոճΪ񣬾粻ȹ̡ңеڵ˻ʱļ󡣷һ̵ֲܼʱ䡣
Ե黯壬һͷͷߴĺħܡ
ʮʱ䣡
ڶʮͷħվȦ֮󣬾ǲֵܵˡʩչûüɹܣ壬һͷħľ޸ֱС
ǿ£Եɶ
ⲻǽŸͷħĹҲ׷ھԵϡ
壬Ҳ졣
壬ںħĹ֮УΪƬʧںħռ֮С
Ͼŵı壬΢΢һ£һϢ
ˣ
ڽˣΣĽ˰ɣ
ϵߣĺһһɴ۾žԡ
ʱҲ۾ûվȡĸ߼񾧻иߵȵҩ̷
񺣼ȫˣ̲һҪȹһ¸ոͻƵľ硣
ԵĶû˾⡣֮ǰͻƵʱ򣬿û̷񾧺͵ҩ
Խߣںħڣʮʱ䡣һΣΪ˷ֹȻ̽һºħ֮˾Եĳɼ
˳ʮʱ䡣
һǳ˵Ŀֲɼ
ϵŶ񣬶ûĳɼнӽʮŶ񣬼ֵʱ䲻ʮʱ䡣
ԣȻڴʱͻƾΪ񡣿ֲǾŶȻںħڼ˳ʮʱ䡣
һ˵ĳɼЩŶɫѿǳɼ羰ԵģһĸоԾŶľ磬ȻȲһոͻƵ
ոͻƣ϶ȹ̡Ǿȹ̣ɼ϶١һ룬޵ݰ
мŶ񣬿ʼʱ򻹳ԶԾͷġڣǼΣͬʱЩջ
ھԴ󣬴ϾдԼһߣڵȴ
Ծڵϻָȹ̾磬ֺˣֺħĽС
ߴ󣬲δʲô⡣ÿ˵ĳɼҲֵ˵Ԥ֮С
ȫߣҲͿʼɼˡ
ɼõģһŶںħڣ˳ٰʮʱ䡣ʮʱľŶ
ʱʮʱ䵽ʮʱľŶҲˡ
ʱʮʱ䵽ʮʱģһоˣ֮һ


1300 
֮Уںħڼֵʮʱ䣬ĩβ
Ҳ˵ԵպħǵʮΣھŶ֮УﵽеҡھԺľŶ񣬾о֮ࡣ˵Ĵɼڶʮʱ䡣
ʮŶټϾԣռʮеĶʮʣĶʮ߸ǱЩϷֵ඼ǵĶ˻
һٶ߲μ˺ħĴ󣬶ֻųǰʮ
ʮ֮Ͳȥųˡʮ֮ߣڴ֮б̭ûлš
Ҳܵõöİο
ʮһÿ˵Ľͬġ
ЩûеõŻߣЩĵġˣҲĪκΡԪ񻹺ãЩӽǰʮ񣬾͸Ϊƽаŭ
ǸоԼĲಢŬһƴһ㣬ܽǰʮõŵĻᡣһţϽȡþ޴Ľ
ãϽŶҲȫܡ
ڣûлˡֻٷŭջҲáĳɼûκܸı䡣

߾ٷЦ쳹
֮ǰھ뷨һģҲΪԽϺѽǰʮõŵĻᡣԽʵȻǿ󣬿ɱϾֻԪ񾳽硣ܻɱͯ𣬿棬вٵĶ˻
ԵĻᣬȷʵã
û뵽ǣԾȻڴʱͻ磬˻Ϊ
ղǰʮһڵʮǷǳ˵ĳɼ
Խϣڵˡ߾ٷ˵±˲֪Ǻڳһ㡣
ϲ˰Ҳ˵Ĺظ߾ٷ
ҲϲáԽȻڲμŻᣬھǺġ˵ڵʱȾͻ뵽
ɣҲúдȵˡ
Ϊܲˣ
ԽȷʵҸоڵԽϣңҲûаջ߾ٷЦ˵
⻰ǿĿ޾ԡ
Աֳս̫뺷ˡոս񣬾ܳԽľŶһԾȫȹǾ߾ٷܾҲѣ˵ǻɱˡ
߾ٷ仰˵ܷңԴҲòϡϣʵѹƾԣҪɱԣѡ
УҪ˵аٷְٰջɱԵģҲһˡսͨߵľŶʵ߾ٷһ󵵴Ρ
Ǻǡ
ɲǽ
ɲҪǣ滹еĻԵԽʦŻ֮ʵ϶˵ʱ㣬˵ѹԽʦˣ㶼ᱻѹơЦ˵
ǰǡ
ף˼ǧʱ䣬ǲԽϡ߾ٷ̾ϢһһʱҲЩʧ䡣
ФµˣɾͲʧ䣬Ȼˡ
ϵߣʱҲɢȥˣֻоһ
ԭŵʱ䣬ںħ֮ʮ¾ͿʼΪȹ̾磬ʱ䣬ֺλǰһ£;ȾԽȹ֮˵
ԴˣȻ΢ʣҲֹֻ䡣
ʲôʱţǲЩҪŵܾġֺλǰҲܸıġ
ЩеĴȻҲ¶˵ʲô˵ȸ꼸ʮȫû⡣
ŻḶ́õʱ䣬ܴﵽǧ֮á
ǧǶܵȣ꼸ʮʲô

񹬣֮ڣ

磬һЩŻսӰ͵ˣ
񹬵̫ϳӽФӢڵĹе΢΢˵
ŶФӢ˫ü΢΢̧˵ǽҶйһͬۿɣ
ŻᣬʱžٰһΣʢᡣ
ԣȻ˵Ż͵ûʲôϵûʲôϵ񹬵ĸ߲ȻȫۿŻսӰ
񹬵Ĵͳˡ
ʵϲ񹬣񹬣Ҳࡣ˵ܶŻٰڼ䣬֯ĸ߲ԱۿŻĶսӰǿɶ񾳽ǿߵĶս
˵Щսͻǵһ
ӽ̫ϳӦһҲû뿪еֱӾȡѶʯ


1301 ǲǾԳ
ӽͨԼĴѶʯ񹬵ĸ̫ϳϻоʮ˾˾ֱѶ֪ͨ
ŻսӰˣǰе
ˣ͵һˡӽϣлѶ֪
ã֪ˣ̹ȥ
һѶϢͬʱӽҲӵܶѶҲһЩûлѶֱӾŹеٸ
񹬵ĸ߲֪ŻῪʼŻῪʼ֮ŻսӰ򣬾ͻ½ʹһ
Ϊֻǵ͵ټϾЩߵǳңԶӰ͵򣬶Ǽˡ
ŻսӰĴҲ̫Ҫе飬ʱõóһ㡣ʮ𼱵飬ôҲа취ʱ䡣
˵һЩߵ̻ۣͿɵִ֮ӸߵҲˡ
һ̫ϳϡ˾½еǵФӢ󣬾˸λ
Ϊ֪ŻῪʼԴʱǾͻע⣬᳤ʱǱչأ˹ۿ
Լյʱ䲻ʮ˾˾̫ϳϺͼλ׼ͨ񾳽ĸ㼸ˡ
ˣ񶼱óȣ˷ܡ
ԵμŻᣬҲǰ硣ܿŻսӰѾǷǳˡ
˲ൽˣФӢֱۣӽ˵ӽϣʼۿŻսӰɣ
ãӽӦһ㽫һӰȡ˳
ЩӰ򣬼صĶŻһֶսһǧ
Ҫȫ꣬ҲҪʱ䡣ûںۿЩӰ򣬱˵ǻʱ䣬ǻʱҲȫûκ⡣
ӽϵļ֮£ȡһӰ¼սʱ֣ս̣
ЩӰ򣬶бŵġӽҲǰձŵ˳вţԵһŵģŻһֵһĶս
ǿߣ
ǰʼ򣬻ʼͯ񣬿µĴڡ
Ķ֣˫̡
У̸ֵۡ
Ӱ򣬶нսߵϢԲ˵ڵߣʶ̡ͯ
սܿͿʼˡ
ڵˣԪ񾳽ǿߣͯһӾ֮ˣס˺
£̫ˣһԪ񣬾ֱӾͱˡ
Ԫ񰡣ǵ˵͵ǾǿߡˣҲԪѡǣǿڣһӾˡ
ֲ̫ˣ
ˣڳ֮Уݺݵһ
Żսޱȡ
¼ŻսӰ쾧򣬶Ǻܸ߼ģģսʱһϢѹԣôڵˣӵ𺳣侳ĸоǣܸоͷųѹȻѹǿңȴҲ𶯡
һӰ򿴹֮̿ʼۿڶȻǵĸ
ʱһĹȥ
һ죬ӽóΪŰʮĺŵӰ֮ǰһ˳ִ߶

Ӱڵľ󣬶ʱڴ֮Сһ̣ǾͿ˺ɫս̨ϵģӰͬʱһϢҲӰϴÿһڳߵԺ֮С
ľͨ
Խͨ
ԺгսߵϢ˻ʲôʱɫս̨ӰģֻܿһŵӰӡ
Ӱ
ף֮Уһͻأķ
ӽϣĶһɫӰ֮ϡ¶һĨĹâҲ䶯
⡭ô;ԳòһӽᣬǴеˣ
ô£
һģһλԽô񹬵ľԳϳһ
ǾԳϰɣ
ܣôܣԳȻ뿪񹬺ܾãǾԳֻǾߣôܲμŻ᣿ѵˣŻ߲ܲμӣ
ǰԽϢȻǿߡҷŵĽϢҲ˵Խͨ񾳽ߡ
ڣһӱġˣ̸ۡ
ǿԽȷʵ뾰òȫͬǣǲţǾ񹬵ľԳϡ
ʱФӢ˫üҲĿ⣬Ķźɫս̨λԽͨߡ
㿴ԽǲǾԳϣӽϣФӢʵ
뿪֮ǰѾ񹬵̫ϳݡ
ФӢû˵Ƭ̣ųĵ˵ͷ


1302 
ž֮УһɻĿ⣬ڹФӢϡ
ʱФӢͷеˣϢ΢΢һĿȫȻǲš
ˣǾԡФӢ˵仰
ˣ޷֪Ϣ֮ФӢȴܲ
ǸݾԵϢ֪ԽʦĴУԼʦܡϢѰܹеġ
Ϣжϣټòȫ˿ԣФӢȷӰ֮еӰһɫ۵ģԼʦܾԡ
ھʦôΪߣε˺ڣͲˡı֣ФӢܲµԭ򣬾ӦǵɽǸ˶׷ɱŽָıġ

ȷϣУһƬǳͬĺ
Գϣˣ
찡ֱ
ԳϲŶͣ񾳽ǿˡңμŻᣡԳϣΪ߰ɣ
пܣԳϳΪߣ񹬡
еˣ鶼ǷǳʣФӢͬ͸һֹĿ⡣
һФӢҲû뵽ôͳǿߡԼ;뿪ʱ򣬾Իһոս񾳽ߡ
̶̵ʱ֮ڣȻˣԼͬߡ
δĳΪߣ񹬣ҲˮǴߡһ˵õȮ죬
쿴ԳǸˣ
ռϷɫս̨֮ϣӰѾ֡
ã
Գϱǻ쵰ѹˣǸ˶ʵǿ
ǰȻҲͨ񾳽磬ʵ빬˶൱һλͨ񸱹ͳ˵
ɶ񣡾ԳΣˡ
ôһֱѹƣǾͿҪʧܡãԽԽΣˡԳϸϽ䰡ٲˡ
Щ񹬸߲ܼԭֻǹۿŻսĦһЩǿս˵ǵĹϵӦǲģҲǴеõЩĴǾԵĳ֣һ
ʶˣϤˣҾ߳ȥˡ
ľ˾˾ȵ뾰ԹϵȽϺõˣ͸ΪԵˡ
ӵûгáڶȻ֮䣬˶һӱͣһģžͻȻߣвϼ̳
ˣ
ǿֱһᴩؿڣɱˡ
֮ڣš
һսһʼǾԱѹƣھԵ·磬ͼֲ˶ˡǵȴͻȻ·ת˶ΪѾ˾ʱ򣬾ͻȻһɱ
ǿ󣡺ǿ󣡿ϧϧֳۿһս
ǰǣûʸǰ硣Ҳûʸ񡣰˭ֻǵ͵ء
Ҳ֪ԳʲôʱһսѾǷڼǰ˰ɣ
ֶָ֮׷׿ڡ
ԻɱФӢҲɳһţҲܵľԣڿû£ɳԻɱҲ˵ܽһֶսˡ
һֶսӰ򣬿Ҳõһ֮Ż͵

磬ɽȡ
ʱѾǺħĵꡣ
Ӵϵľԣ۾һ˫Ŀ֮УһѤõĹš
ھԵǣһĨЦ¶
ʱ䣬񾳽磬Ѿȫȹ˻ǿʹá֮еҲȫӯ
ڵľԣȥħôֵʮʱ䣬ӦҲû⡣ԣš
ڵԼȻ˵ЩľŶ񣬵һľŶ񣬾Լ֡
Ե壬վ
ܴ֮Уߣ׷׽ĿתƹҲһĿע֮£ڵվ
ܣ΢΢ǷʾԼǸ⡣֪Լ⼸ȹ̾磬˿϶ڵԼ
󣬾Իص˺Ĵ֮С
ԽϲˣһԱʾףء
˿ˡԻ˵
ɲǿħʮܶŶĳɼβֵùϲ˰˵
ʵ˵ԼҲȫûԤϵĺ˻õŵĻᡣȻǸߵ򣬿磬ߵҲв٣ұȺǿĸߵҲкܶࡣߵŻϣûܹõŻġ
Цŵͷ


1303 
߾ٷˣҲЦݵĶԾԺϲ
ھ˺֮УɽȵԱ΢ЦŸ߾ԣһ֮󣬵ſʼþõŵ׼ˣԾԵ̬ȣɱǰ˼ࡣ
ҲЦŵл
һ֮󣬾ԵʮߣҪš
ŻᣬٰһΣÿһֻʮܹõŵĻᡣҲ˵һ꣬ڣҲʮˣܹš
ݻԵǶģ
ţҲȷʵһš
ʷϣμһŻͨΪŶӣȻ࣬Ҳֻһ
ŻҪЩߣֺαԼ״Ҳμӣ
ԼԵҲǳڴ
һʱ䣬ø֡
ΪͽǰԶˡ
ˣһӣĿšݺܼ򵥣Ǹ߾ԣԸվΪ״ӡȤȥ
λҲСȻȲ桢۾ʵҲ
תǰҴٰ֮ʦԶ˿˵
ãһȥ͸ʦ𡣡ӣԾԺܿ
ȻҲ񾳽磬ԼսԽɲǲһǰ㡣ңҲٶˣǰ;ԶԽȡ
ʱһߣǲӹԴţͬվΪͽ
ҲǸпԼڵǳˡ
ԣȷʵŻᣬʦһλ߻ñӡڵΣһʱҲѾԾԼ˼Լ߾ٷ󣬾ŻȫپʦҲ١
ʱ䣬ÿ춼֮Դš˼嶼ͬģҪվΪӣֱӾ״ӵݡ
Ȼյ֦ߣǾһˡ
һЩԪŻսͺħбֲģҲвٶܵߵĹעңдԸΪӡ
μŻߣһ룬ûʽʦġҲһЩȻʦʦǴߡܰʦߣڵʦ϶Ҳ⿴ġ
ԼĵӳΪߵӣЩǴߵʦ˵Ҳ
ЩߵĵӣͲ״ˡߣҪģԼĵӣܳΪΪͽܣ
ͽܣֻǿŻϵĳɼߵͣҲǺҪĿء
ȷ˵Ԫʮһֵ⻹˵
ˣһЩԪͨ񣬶ܱ߿СãͨҲܰʦߡ
һ׼ʱ䣬ʱ
ӭһλߵӡ
Ħѣոսߣ˸к
޵ѣòĦߣ޹֡
߾ٷФºˣҲ̿ļ
Ƕ⼸ļĦȴȫûӡ
߾ٷϣ¶Ц֮ɫǣ֮Уȴûκβúͷŭ
λĦߣ磬Ǵġһֶ߽ܵľŶ
ټһֲʦԸ߾ٷȾŶӣƺҲ
Ħ
תĿɫģľŶ
֣ҲǶŹʦ𣬸׹

֣ڴ֮УʮĴڡҲ۷֮һ
ݴΪóĴ֮ⷨһ
д˵ʵɽȵĹҲ̫ࡣλǿӦûֹڹûнֹ߶ȷţɽȹ֣Ҳֻܻܻܶɱ
Ǳ桢۾Ǹǿ߻ҪǿöĴڡĵ֮УҲкü߼ġ
Խ񣡡ĦĿתԡ
Ħǰæּ
Ħȴڰ˵ýǰԺʦˡ
ʲô΢΢һ
óԾҵʦ𣬾ԸΪӡĦԴ΢΢ӸµԾ˵
ǳԵ
ʦԸվΪӣ˵ͺһֶһ㡣״ӣǻˣ˵ģǼӶѡ
ʲôǼӣǹһţ֤ôһˡ΢ָһ¼ӡ벻ǿһӶòָ㡣


1304 
ȷʵޱȵǿ
ǣΪļӣǻΪһ΢֮״ӡ
ңλĦ̬ȣҲþ΢΢Щϲ
ĦŶȷʵǿս֮Ҳ˰ɣҾԣȻڻ񾳽磬ΪŶ߶кܴϣ
Ħھǰ˵ʱԴ񶼲ǰľԡ
΢˶٣˵ĦǰҴ㣬ȵٰ֮ʦ
ԵȻܰĦ˵ģƺΪʦֻ֡ǳΪһӣԲܴӦ״ӣǾԻᶯġ
˵ʲôĦڿԡ
֮Уһŭɫ֡ϣǿѹҲ֮žεѹ˹ȥ
Ħǰŭҵ˼ǣȵ֮ٿǰʦ⡣ڣֻרעڵţ뱻Ӱ졣Բ
ԶĦϵѹȻоʹЭ
Խ֣˵һ顣ҵʦھҪΪӡλᣬ֮㼴ʦΪʦʦҲδ㡣ãٸҴ𰸣Ħͳ˵
лĺ⡣Թ˹֡
Ե˼Ѿˡ
ãܺãĦһӣת뿪˺Ĵ
𣬾ȻԽΪͽ߾ٷ˿
ϧֻһӡԽϵʣ磬Ҳġһλ̫ϳҡҡͷ
ǰ״ӵĻǿɾѵõĻˡǿߣһ㶼յˡһλ̫ϳ˵
Ħ̬ȡ˺ٺЦһ
ĦˣǲµĴڡ̬ȸ߰һЩҲ⡣һ˿˿˵
ҡҡͷɲô߰ȻˣʵĦ൱۱Ͳˣ̫Զ˼ҵʦ綼кպ
ڳ磬û˸ĦŶ
һ֮С
ʦԽ񣬿úܡʦҪҫȻҾܾĦѹŷŭ˵
˵ʲôȵźٿǰʦʲôԼһˣĦ˵
ǰŵģ
ߣֻһû˵κλ
Ħæͷ
Ȼʦû˵֪ʦ϶Ƕŭˡʱ򣬻ǲҪٶ˵ʲôΪáͷĵ˳ȥ
ȷʵŭˡ񣬴͸ĴǽڣĴ˫Ŀ֮У˿˿ת

ʮŵߣվڵ֮ϡ
λǰվǰ
ʦ֣ʼɣĿ⣬ʦ֡
ãѵ˵ͷ
ֻͬʱֱֲ̧ۡڷӿֻգʱ䣬һ֮Уͱֺ˵뷨֮⡣
Եˣվԭأһ
¡¡
֡ѵͷ֮ת֮䣬һϼϿշγϢĹĻ
ƬĻϵı仯šģڵĵϣγһƻֺĳš
˵ܣӳ֮ϴݳ
δ֮лָʱŵϷٶȳһšţϷһų֡
һţϵĳ˵֮ڡЩţ֮š
š
ţһһ졣
ʱ䣬磬ҲֻʮߣܹõŵĻᡣ
ߣĻԵǣһֻ꣬ʮ˶ܵõԵ
֮£ʮŶ񣬶ʮ񣬾ÿˣסԼĺȡ
Ѿ֣
ע⣬ŵĹǣÿһţɶʮʱ䡣ʮڣܵϸһţᱻŷͳһͳٵš
ǡ𣿡ϵÿһ˵Ժ
ף½Ӧ
ܺãǾͿʼɡںħĳɼ˳½ȥһͬߣֿ˵
ͬ£ںħУɼһľŶںħУ˳ٰʮʱ䡣
ಣ֮󣬳ͬµӰֱӴ˳ȥ
Եˣſеĳͬ¡ԿͬµӰڽӽŵʱٶһͺ뵽֮С֮ϣһǿ赲ȥ
ƣͬ¿һͺȡ
ϣһ͵Ľϵ赲żͬ£ٶȶȻӿ죬ȵ֮ϡ
ͬѾţֽĿ⿴ħڶľŶչɣ


1305 Ϣ
ڶչߣֶչɵ
չĻӰһɿһ֧һųȥ
֮ǰͬһڿһŵʱҲһͷųתƿŵ䵽˵һ֮ϡ
ߣ
ߣһŮԾŶںħУͬ˳ʮʱ䡣ĳɼ֮չɽʱѡ
Ҳ˵˵ʵӦڲ֮䡣ɱ˵˭ܻ˭
ûκα飬һ˸ŵһųȥ
ĸ
һߣϵĵš
ʮĸԽߣֿȺеľԡ
ˣһ΢΢
΢΢һӰŵһ˹ȥ
Էʱ򣬵ϵߣеĿⶼԡھǰʮߣǾŶ񡣾Ϊʮĸŵߣֻһ
ǵϵߣһ֮УĿⶢžԡ
ԽҲ֪ܵϵڼš
ſģۺҲһ档
ǰѾͨŻˡϱһ㣬Ҳνˡ

һУ̸۾Եˣ
ˣŵһųȥľԣڽӽʮ֮ڵʱ򣬾͸оӭ
ǳأȻޱȣ̺ܾˡǣȴңĿģֹֻ߽ӽԼûκιߵ˼
ǰһҲ߶Ӵ֮ŵԶ˱ܿ׾ٵ䵽˵һ֮ϡ
Ե˫ţվڵһϵʱһɰϢӿ
ܵϢ֮󣬾Ե񣬶Ȼ
ǴϢһϲĸо
ִϢԲİ񹬵ռ䣬ԾнӴ̺һЩϢ
ɽŻᣬ͵̺ͬϢ˵ϢǼġ
ŴϢԸо·Լ壬ܵϴӡһֿĴȻȻɡ
ţΪһĻԵԲûеġ
ڵľԣˣΪڵ֮УȵʵԼ硣Ϣֱ󣬿ȫλߵͨ򣬴磬ȵȷ棬Եõ
ǼѵõĻᡣ
Ժɵģ񣬵ʼһϣÿ˶ʮʱ䡣
ͬѾϵڶˣһУһ
ţ˾Ϳͬƿڶŵ谭˵ڶš
ŻѵãôڵһţයһЩʱأ
⻹ףͬǶľŶһţ϶Ѿʵû̫Żѡ̵ǵڶţ
ԣһϵĴϢкܴ϶˷ѻᡣ
һ̺ĴϢһЩڵľŶȷʵûˡ
ͬ£Ǹоһ㣬Żԥģȥǵڶšߣڵһϣ͵˷ʱˡ
ͬµϵڶź󲻾ãչɺͺλߣҲȺ嵽˵ڶ֮ϡ
ûãмǿľŶ񣬵ϵڶš
ڵŲſʼļʱʮŶ񣬾ȫ뿪˵һš
Ե񾳽ߣǶڵһȻһŴϢ񾳽ߣȻкܴġ
һ󣬵һϣѾ񾳽߿ʼ뿪ϵڶš
ʱľԣȻڵһϡ
󣬵һϣѾֻʣоͰԡ
Խô£
ʵôڵһϣѵһŵĴϢȻа
ߣװģˡЩʵҪͺܶ񣬶뿪˵һšܵõϴϢʲô
˲ڵһϣͣʮʱɣ
ԱǱȽܹעߣʱһϣʣˣҲһЩˣΪС
ǣԻ治ǹڵһ϶යʱȻڵһ̺ĴϢ֮У缢ƿʵĸ͵
ֱ
ˡʱ򣬾Բ۾ֹͣ


1306 
ʱ䣬ԸоԼԵĽ
ǽ򣬻ǿȣкܴĽ
񺣡˵ܱ仯
봫һȷʵǿȫλԵ
վԿ˿ң鲻ɽһ¡
ʱڵһ֮ϣȻֻʣһˡʮˣȫ뿪˵һš
ô£һţǿͣʮʱǣΪζŵϵڶţҲǲ⡣
֪ǣߣǸоһŵĴϢԼûа󣬲ȥǵڶŵġԣΪڵһ̺ĴϢ꣬⵹ķһĹϵ
ûвһ񹦣Ҳڵһһ꣬ͻõһŴϢѾûκΰ
ҡҡͷ֮󣬾ԷԾ𣬳ڶš
ڶʮ֮󣬾ٴθܵǰһһתƿ谭
ף
谭ȫûǿӣ䵽ڶ֮ϡ
ǵһŵʱ򣬼оκε𡣾Բ֪ǲҲˣĸоǣڶŵһŵǿȼͬ
˫վڶ֮󣬴Ϣٶƶ
ڶŵĴϢɾͱȵһµöˡ
Դڵϲɫ
ڵϵڶˡ
ǰһΪҪڵһʮʱء
ǺǣǿһֻʣԼˣʵЩѿԲŻıɡҸ˵Ǵڵһͣʮġ
̸۾Եʱжżĵ˼
ǸͲţһ̺ĴϢþⳤʱﶼõ
ʵϣֺˣþǹġǿԾѾӵеڵһϣͣһʱҲ޷õһŴϢİˡ
ʱǳͬ£Ѿ˵֮ϡ
ͬ£һ֦㣡
չɺͺˣڵ֮
ĵ͵ţҲвٵߡڵڶϣԼʮ񾳽
ʱһĹȥ
ڵڶϣٴʱ䡣֮˳˵š
ŵԸоһڶŵȻûκε
ţѵ˼𣿡
ˣܵǶǡȻܣҲɻúܡ
֮ǰյϢŵߣͲܵǶʷϣҲδߣܹǶ
ôʲôֻܳλŬʵҡҡͷȫڵ
ϵĴϢֱȵڶŴϢµöࡣ
֮󣬾Ե壬ڵվ
Ǿ޴󣡡
Ҹоôȥò˶ãҾܵĶ˻ˡܣϣŶ񾳽硣ϲãҲڴ
һŵŷ˹ȥ
ˣ
֮ϣص̺ܵӭ
ƣһͺȣ֮ǰһӿ
ţһ˲䣬ԵϾͱˡ
ΪһΣǳܵûתȥܵ·ȫûܵӰ죬Ȼ赲Լſȥ
ˣ
˫ü۾Ҳ
ƣԼǿת嫵ݺݵĳ
Ϊǿ֮£Ե壬ٶȻŵſǣӽ֮ڵʱ壬ȫֹͣ
ţ߶˼ޣҲٽһ
򣡡Գ˼֮Уһͷ˳
ͷţǵϵ˲Ϣ糱ˮһɢȥԵ壬һ٣ȵ䵽˵֮ϡ
Ժһ
ţ߶ޣٽһʱǣЩţԼž͵Ϊֹˡ
䵽˵֮ЩȻˡſģߵۺ磬Լ򵥿Ļ̶ȡﵽŵı׼ô˳ĵš
Եʹﵽǰŵı׼ԼǷǳ˳û谭ģ͵ǰšǣﲻŵĵ߶˼£Ҳǵǲϵš
ʩչ򣬽һܹɵĵϵš
ʱ򣬾Դ˵ŵѵˡ


1307 Ķ˻
̧ͷĿϿȥ
ǳͬ£ǵ˵ţ۾ĬĬת֪ͬµܴﵽڼŵĵ׼ߵ
ͬµǾŶжˣ㲻ĦҲ̫࣬ҲǸ߾ٷֲΣǿһߡԣϣͬ¡չԼյˣȻҪ١
ûϵԼϣĶ˻˻
ʵԼϸ߲ţϸ߲ţԸ̶ʵǣһԵѭ
ڵϣʱ䡣
ͷŽɵϵšڵϣ˰ʱ䡣
ڵϣ˾ʱ䡣Ϊʱƽʮ꣬ԻڵϡΪŵĴϢϵİѾʮܽˡ
һţȫ롣ţýɵ롣
˵ţԵĽǲܽˣ˳ͷɵš
ʱ򣬵ŵʮߣвٶͣڵϡ
еߣڵϣʮʱѾǷҪϵţǽ߾ȫ޷š
ߣʵԽϵ͵
ʵԽϵ͵ƾ磬ֻܵǰš뾰ȻǾͬǵǿȣȴԶԶ羰ԡǿȣͬ羰ԡƾǰţֻ
Ҳ˵֮ǾҪͨʵǡ
鱦ЯܣԵûκΰġŵĹܹٷְжϳգƾ鱦
ɲÿһˣֳͨġԣţѾǲļˡ
ԾۿһҪţȴ⣬ʧڿУڵ֮ϡ
صҲ˵ߵѾˡ
ʮŵУˣڵϣսԼ֮áܹϵŵģֻʮߡ
ڵϣ˾ʱ֮վ׼ڰŵʱǳͬ£ʮŷȥ
չɺͺˣڵھµʮŶ񣬶ڵڰ
ӵſʼЩŶҲϣʮŻһš
ʹ򣬾Եɽڰţ
ڵڰĵ꣬ԳɹĶ˻Ի񣬿ʵѲͬն
ڰµļ֮УҪȹ̸ոյĵĶ˻Ķ˻֮Уȹ̵תϵ
ڵǿȣ֪ܲܽˣϵھšʱӽʱ򣬾վת
ಣŵھų˹ȥ
Լʱȫͷš
ˣ糱ˮһɢɵϵھš
Եϣ¶һ˿ϲõı顣
еһн󣬾ͿԽʵǸ߲εšŵʮһϵĳͬӰ
ܱʵǵûҪߣЩڴš
ڵ֮ǰԾЩͷʱ򣬾Ҳû̫ġ
ͬںħڣ˳ٰʮʱ䣬ʵΪ̫ǿˡԲ䵽˼ֳͨԿ϶Լյĳͨ١
Ͼͬʱ䣬Ǿܱȵġ
Ȼ˵ͨģδǲ͸ʱ˾ͻաʱ䳤ģ϶Ҫʱ̵Ƶöࡣ
磬һЩ֮õľŶճʮͨȻЩյͨöǳܴͨ󲿷ֶͨͨ
ͺͨͨȵȣҪɱɳͨѶһҲһͨҪ͡
󣬾ƾ򣬵ϵʮšҲ磬ȴʧܣֻܼʩչ
ʱ򣬻ϵߣѾֻжʮˡʮŶ񶼻ڣ񾳽ߣڵģֻʣ¿ˡ֮⣬ҲǶεģں֮ǰ͵Ķ˻ճֳͨ
ԽѾϵʮˡֿŵʮϣϥľԡ
ٻٵšѵͷ˵


1308 ½Ŷ
ֺˣһֱԾйע
Դӵſʼ⣬ĿǰֻͽֳͨԵδʩչ
ѵ˼˵Ե򣬻ټʵš
ֻʵǵʮţŶϣͲˡȻ˵Խϵţ̺ĴϢԽ󡣿ɽŶҲһ׵顣һ˻ĵҪǰĶ˻ѡҡҡͷ˵
תĿ˵ֻܿԼ컯ˣ
ڴ
ϥȻʱ䣬˫ĿʱҲ۾ɨĪš
ÿһ۾һǽԽСӡ
Խˡ
õĦȥԽҪմΪͽ˾ȻҾܾ
СӣȻҾܾ
˵Ķ˻ȷʵǺܸߡϽŶ񣬺ߺߣЦһ±۾
þϽŶ

ʮˣԽϣѾǵʮţڴ߾ٷ˷ܵĻһұۡ
ͬ£ѾϵʮšҲһ䡣
ŻӣŶ񣬵ϵʮһʮţǺ顣ϵʮţȴ١ڵʮ֮ϣһʣ񡣡߾ٷһ˵
Խ⣬񣬶ڵʮʮˡˣǲ̫лϵʮһˡ߾ٷ۾𣬼˵
˲ʱŶĻȷʵ̫ܵϵʮһˡҲͷ˵
ǵʱܶˡвһɣҪʱ˻ûʲôϣ߾ٷҡҡͷ˵
ٴεͷ
ˣǴʱϣ֮ڵʮϣѾ˹ʱ䣬ͳţԼ֮á
ˣ
ڸ߾ٷ޵̸۵ʱ
ʮ֮ϣһ
ܣ˲Ϣͱһ߸֪
ˣĿ⣬ǵʮ֮ϡһĿ⣬ĶϥһӰ֮ϡ
⣡
ܲǴͷų
ǣ˻Ϣ
Ķ˻˻е壬Ѿˡ
һ̣͵ǿڲܵķ֮ڵĿʼһ㣬ת
ͻˣ
ͻƵ˾Ŷ񣿡
ǲ⣡񣬻ʮɣȻͽŶˡץסεŵĻᣬŶˣ

һ֮УصĴϢ˷
ۿ֮ϣһµľŶһѪڵ顣
вʮľŶʷϣԼĹһҳԤ֮Ҳкܶߣ̸̸֣ʮľŶ
ʷϣʮľŶƺ󲿷֣մﵽ֮Ĳˡ
ʱϣ˲֮⣬ȻжʮŶ񡣵ЩŶһҲʮ꣬ͶȲöˡ
ǵʮϵĳͬ£ʱǰʮꡣͬ±˽ŶʱҲʮҡ
ȻǽŻԵʮڴﵽŶ񾳽硣ɼˣʣҲ԰һʱˡ˵ûоĻǲ⣬ܿܳΪʱһĵһˡ
ʮϵľԣһҲо˻ϢǶ۾⡣
ĿУ΢΢Щ⡣֮⣬Ҳû̫ĸо
ͺЩƽˡһֱãԼȲҲаϾ˼
Ǵʱǲ⣬˾Ŷ
ĵ˻Ȼûеļ󡣴ӵ֮һֱŬҪ˻ɾ޷ɹ
Ȼɹˣ֮Уһ˿⽹֮УһЩʺͷŭ
ŶģΪβңΪβңҲģô⣿ҧݣ۾ŵ˻ĵ
֮󣬲۾ӵʮվ
ɨ˾ԺһۣƲƲ¶һĨĲЦݡ
ಣ
תٳ˵ʮšת֮£ȵĵ˵ʮһšϥʼȹ̸ոͻƵľ硣


1309 ʮ
ͻƣõһڲۺ졣
ЩμŻᣬȴԵŵߣĽ
ЩμŻᣬҵõŻߣ͸Ľ
ͻ˾磬񣬳ɹŶǣȴûͻƣȻϣǶѾõ˺ܴĺôսкܶվûнŶ񾳽硣
֪жߣ̣ΪɽˣԼΪʲô
һ˻ĬĬз
Ȼڵʮϵĳ񺣵˻ʱٽԽԽꡣ
츳˵һУҲǶġͣȻȲһЩҲʮ겻ʮꡣͣܵĶ˻ʣһУм֮ȣ
ǣվûϽŶ񾳽硣
оԼƺŶѾܽȴǲͻơ

ʱһվ۾һƬͨ죬һеĳ˵ʮһš
ҪȡĻᡣ
ܵϵʮһšôܶʮ꣬ܵ˻٣ԼΪٶʮʱ䣬ܳΪŶ
ʮһϵĽ赲⡣ȫ״񣬽ֶζ߶˼£Ȼܽʮһ֮ڡ
֮У޷ıͳţص֮µĵ֮ϡ
Կҡҡͷֱܿ۾
ʮϣֻʣ¾һˡϣҵʱ䡣żÿһŵĴϢԲ˷ѡ
ǴһΣһӶеڶεԵ
Ī֮ϣֻʣ¶ʮĵӰ
һŶ񣬳ʮʧܣ뿪š
֮չɡλŶȺϵʮš
ʱܿȥ˾꣬ͬ£ɵϵʮšͬʱŶ񣬳̵ʮʧܣͳš
֮ϣֻʣ¶ʮߡ
⣬̵ʮţ˳롣
ʮ֮Уֻоһ񾳽磬ߣԶǾŶ
ڲʮŵĵգʩչ򣬵ʮһš
ڵʮһĵ꣬򣬳ɹɱ䣬ﵽ˵ڶ
ʱ˿̣յ򣬷ֱĵڶ򣬵һ򣬵һ
ԵͻƵʱûϢͷšУԼ֮⣬û֪򣬴ӵһɱΪڶ
ֺˣԴ˶һ֪
ڵʮһʱӽʮŶʮȺʧܣͳš
ϣʣʮߡ
ò˵ǣǸոͻ˾Ĳ⣬ٴγϵģ˵ʮš
ı֣˵ôߣе𾪡
ͻ˾ŶôȻһֹڵʮšǣ˵ĳ˾Ŷһӱʵо˵ǳɹĵ뵽˵ʮ֮ϡ
Լʩչ˳ʮţɡ
ʱ򣬳ͬѵ˵ʮ֮ϡչɡˣҲѾڵʮϣ߰ʱ䡣
İŶ񣬴ʱҲȫڵʮ֮ϡʮţֻоһˡңǸոյʮţһϣӽʮʱ䡣
֮󣬵׼ʮŵʱʱٴŶȺʮʧܣŹ뿪
ϣֻʣ°ڵʮ˶ѡ
Ŷڵʮϡͬ£ڵʮϡ
ʮţֻһ⡣ʱûվϣĿ·žԡ
ԸоĿ⣬Ҳ̧Ŀ߶һۡ󣬾Էŵʮųȥʩչ֮£ʮŵɢȵ䵽˵ʮ֮ϡ
Խ⿴Ÿո䵽ʮϵľԣ˵
ԭΪ޷ʮŵġû뵽ʮŶܵ롣žԣ˫Ŀ֮Уû̫ı鲨Ҳƽ
ԿŲ⣬û˵
ϣܳɹĵʮš⻰£ûеȾӦԾŵʮŷȥ
ֻһΣҪʧˡ
һֱŲĶڿнܶʩչһ飬Ȼûõʮͷųʧ


1310 Ϊֹ
ڵʮϵʱ򣬾ԤϵԼĿǰʵԵϵʮš
ԣڵʮϣžԾ˵ǼþЩͷԵĻ
֮УӰʧˡ֪Ѿŵķ˳ȥ
Ȼһ̣Ҳûзվ죬վûܵϵʮš
֮ϣʱʣˡ
ʮϣͬһ֦㡣ʮϣչɵŶ
ڵʮϣҲ
ϵĴϢŨ¡ߵҲ
֮УԸоõԼĽѾɱļ֮УöˣҲе˻ס
רע
ԣڵʮ֮ϣ˾ӽʮʱ
ϣѾֻʣĸˡŶһǾԡ
վڵʮϣ̧ĿϿȥ
ͬڵʮϣչɺͺˣڵʮϡʮţѿһˡ

ԽڵʮʱѾˡ
ǰѾӽʮˣӦ׼̵ʮ˰ɣ
һΣܳɹ˵ʵΪʮһžļˣû뵽ܵ뵽ʮš
һ񾳽ߣܵǵʮţѾǷǳֲˣŻʷϣƾΪʮŵģҲҲ˫֮ɣ
ˣ
Խ񣬻ǿЩ̬
ǣʮţ϶ļˡҸҴģ޷ɹʮš
Ǻǣҵʦ֮ǰ˵ˣǸԽƾԼյֻܵǵʮšһЦЦʦһλ֮ǿߡ

Խֻǲܵʮˡ΢̾Ϣһҡҡͷ˵
Ŀ֮УҲЩϧ˼
ȻֻǾŶ񾳽磬۽ҲǷǳߵġжϣ߶һġΪԣʮžǼޡ
ʮţѾǿˡֻǿϧԽûܽΪŶûܽ뿪ҪѶȿɾʹˡãܵ˻ͻƾ硣ãǺķѼʮ궼ܵġ߾ٷҲתתĿ⣬˵
ߣŻջһܴˡܲĺôռȥɣһͳЩʼɵζ
߾ٷһۡ
ԽʱܽŶҲһŶܱȵġǵŵĶʮŶм˵ʮţܶŶʮŶûܵ롣߾ٷȵ
ǰϣɹŶĲ⣬ҲûܵʮšҹƣԽսӦñҶ˶ˡɱһľŶ϶ǱɨġӿڿЦ˵
仰˵һʱû˵
Щı飬Ҳ֪˵ʵڵԼȥţҲδܵϵʮšǸԽԼɱ붼Լ·ľ档
֮ϣ
վǣûܽΪŶ֣Щϧı顣
һֱٴδ漣֮ϣ̤ŶΡ
ǣŶȷʵ̫ͻˡǾԣҲûǰʮϣͻƳɹ˻ûܹ񺣵
ѵϣҲ΢΢Щʧ֮ɫ
һԾҲкܴģҲڴţϽΪŶ
ڣʱѾˣԻ񾳽硣ԣҪͳš
ʱ̫Կˡּ˵
ⲻһ˵Եʱ̫̺ܳԿˡ
ʵȷʵҲǣǾʮʱţôҲȳͬŶ
ʮϣ΢Уվš
ͻȻӰһŵʮţޱȵĳ˹ȥ

ʮϣ嫺صܣӭ⡣
ƣһͺȡ
񺣵ӿ
ǣܣûκεáŵܣȻԭأҪǰһܡ
ҡҡͷ
򣡡ʩչ
ܣݺݵײ֮ϡܣ֮ԳûżѵĲӣ֮УӲǰ̤һ
ʱʮţȻг׵ľ롣
򣡡˿ֽʩչ
ʩչƬռڣʱγһµһΣ£ŤܣγһΥĿ־ݺݵĻ


1311 
£
ȫûκεֿأͱһɿֲ־״ݻ١
־ĳʱȻ̣ôһ˲䣬Ӧļµ־
ŵ𣿡
̫ǿˣŵܣҪɱŵߡǿ£ɱеҲ˲ɣûˣܵסֿµܣס
ǵԽߣԾԽܸоܵĿ¡
ҵͽ򣬱ȵ֮ǰкܶڿҪõŵĳϣɱСת΢΢ҡͷ
򣡡
ʱѾˣԣʩչ˵ڶ
ŵܣӦڶ֮ٿɢʧԸо̼ܵӰ١
ǰ̤
֮Уɵ뵽˵ʮ֮ϡ˫ŵأϢǶ
ʲô
ô£
Ȼ˵ʮţôܣôܣ
һһڴ
ԵʮţȻ˵ԤϡЩĴߣΪʮžǾԵˡڣѾɹ뵽˵ʮ֮ϡ
ֱ޷ŵ顣
Ŀ࣬˼
ԽСӣ뵽ʮˣ۾һϢ΢΢ᣬԶĿ˵
ৣ
͵۾תĿšȻڵʮ֮ϣҵ˾ԵӰ
ɫ˱䡣
ƾʲôͳɤð
Ѿǵڶˡ۾ҡҡͷ
棬ûȥεʮŵġ̣۾ȴĿõġܵˣʩչѾǴﵽڶˡ
ڵ֮ǰԵȷǵһΡҲ˵֮ϣɹĽһɱ˵ڶ
۾ûҡҡͷ˵һ䡣
ɫÿ¡
֮ϣ
Сӡ̲סЦ
Ŀһתɨܵһţľ֮Խʮţ˶˵Ԥϡ
뵽ЦѣҲ¶˵Цݡ
ʦ֣ȻЦˣֿϵЦݣ¶Ծɫ
ϵЦݣʱָ֮ǰޱ顣
һ˵Ȼʮţʮʱ䣬Ҫ˻ȻǺѵģ
ţĵ˻ôԽСӣɾǴͨ񾭹һŻᣬʹﵽŶ񾳽ˡ綼ĿĹԣҪЩ˶ҫˡŻͨﵽŶߡһ˵
ѵ˵ͷĿ·ŵ֮ϡ
ʱ򣬾Ѿ
ڵʮϵʮ꣬ԵĽɱ䵽˵ڶ
ڶ
ֻǣڵĵ˻ԾûеԻ񾳽硣
ڣӦõͷ˰ɣ
Խ񣬻ûܳΪŶ񡣵ʮţԲܵˣ֮ǰ˵Բܵʮŵߣʱð˳ĵ˵
չɺͺˣֹڵʮšԽһǲܵʮšܵ룬˵չɺͺ𣿡
ǰչɺͺλŶ񣬾ͱͳšˣûڳʮųɹ
ʱ˿̣ϣֻоԺͳͬߡͬ£ڵʮ֮ϡмʱ䣬ܳʮųɹҲᱻͳš
ಣ
ӵʮվľԣŵʮţĳȥ
һΣûм߶ԼҲûгʹõڶ͵һŵ赲֮󣬾ֱʩչ˵ڶĽ
ûκ⡣
ԣɵ䵽˵ʮ֮ϡ
⡭
Ľ򣬾ȻҲɱɹˣôôףһɱ䣬һĽҲɱ䡣Խ񣬵ôģ
һЩ۾ѪˣĶžԡ
ģһ񣬾ȻӲĳ˵ʮšǾŶǻˡһƾʲô
ڴ
ĿھԵϡ
е˼Խ񣬻ЩǮҲʸΪҵ״ˣ֮ǰܾΪҵļӣҺûӡĿУ˸һ˿ŭ⡣
֮ǰ״Ħȥ֪ͨԣȴûͬʦ£ûͻ
ֱʱΪгΪ״ӵʸ


1312 Խ
УϹ͸ź֡
СӣϣŶϷֱΪ״ӣᡣ
ڵŽ֮ǰﵽŶ񾳽磬ٸһΰʦĻᡣ
ԲϴﵽŶ񾳽磬ԲٶվΪͽ˼

ʮˣһţյ𣿡ʡ
֮ǰеˣΪʮžԽյ㡣ǣԽȴƾڶ򣬳ɹ˵ʮš
˶ΪʮԽĵյʱԽٴƾڶ򣬵˵ʮš
ʮţѾչɡľŶϵĳɼͬ
ôʮţԽ֮յ
һڣߣ˿ûԼĿУŨŨĽͼ
ǰűͳŵģչɺͺǿľŶ񣬶ɫӵžԡ
ˣΪϣȡ˺ܴĽֹڵʮšԽȻϵĽҪöࡣǿԿ϶ڵ֮ǰԽʵ϶ҪһΡ
Ǵʱ˿̣Խȫܹˡ
һľŶίʵˣЩԽܡ
֮
ʮŶϵĳͬ£վ
ڵʮϵʱ䣬Ѿʣˡ
վûŵʮųתŵʮſ˹ȥĿ⣬ڵʮϣһϥɫ۵Ӱϡ
üͷ΢
ȻͬûϵϣԼģԽûзϵ
չɺͺ΢һЩвľŶ񣬴ʱѾͳˣȴӿʼûں񣬸Լƨɺ׷š
׷𣿡
ƾľ𣿡
ǺǡҵҪôңͬһŵĳ˵
֪Լڵʮ˵ڵʮϵԽ񣬲߶Ҳ޷Լʮϡ
Ŀ˾һۣһתٷʮš
ͬµı飬ţκεɡ
ڳͬʱȫĿ⣬Ͷϡ˿ʮŵʱߣ񶼸΢΢һһ
ͬ£ܹʮ
ƺѾкüŻᣬѾûгֹʮŵˡһһŻϣųɼõģҲսڵʮš
ػ򣡡ͬ£о˵ʮŵ֮ʩչػ
ػ򣿡
˻
ͬʩչػ֮ˣɫΪ֮һ䡣ΪһֲȻǵػ
ͬ£ǱΪһʵǿߡϣȻػɱﵽһߣ˵
ڵʵ²һˣоŶ֮УʵҲܽǰˡһλߣĺһ
磬жپŶ
˻ȷʵѺѡһٸҲδһܹŶ񾳽硣
磬ƾ֮УȻǵ˲ľŶ񣬻ŵľŶ
ҪлŵľŶ֮Уʵǰ٣Ƿǳ֮ѵġ
˵ʵǰٵľŶ񣬶ͨߵսĦ㡣
ŶԪǷǳƳġ
磬СС⣬мƳĳ̶ֳ˵ǲǿߣɱͻƾʧǻʱ䶼⡣
ԣҲ͵£磬кֲܶϼһڡЩ˼ǧľŶȻһֱܳΪ֮յֶȴǼ࣬ÿһС
һЩͨĴߣԸЩϼһ
ɴ˿ɼܹоŶУʵǰ٣Ƕôҫ
ͬ£ڻúܣһ궼кܴϣΪߡھŶ񾳽ʱ򣬾ͨߵսôһĳΪߣܴ̾ﵽǸΡ
εĴߣ磬һ֮
ģǳһ֮ɽȵĹǾûʲôȼ˵ˣΪλ繫ϵĵһǿˣҪʲôȼλ
ԣϥڵʮϣ
ԣ˻ʮϣڵ˻棬ȷʵкҲкܴ
ڣֻʣҵʱ䡣ڵĽȣڣΪŶġ


1313 ʮ
ԶԵ˻ĵĵáҲΪˣܱȽ֪Լڽ˻
Ҳ˵ҪϵʮţԲܽϣڽŶ֮ϡ
ϣûκԥͳɣԱ㽫ķŵ˲ϡЩϵþԵ򡢽򣬽ӵһɱﵽ˵ڶ
ֻδȡͻơ֮ǰϽҲΪ޴Ѿ˵һɱΪڶٽ㡣
ţԽǵ˸߲㣬ϰԽ
ţһһ죬ɲǰ׽еġһһ죬ָߵʵҪ󣬻ָ̺ĴϢϵİ
һ㣬ǵǹŵߣк֪
ӵʮſʼ̺ĴϢ񾳽ߵͱøΪԡ
ڵʮϣԾ͸о̺ĴϢÿʱÿ̶Լֻǿϧϵʱ̫ݣ㹻ʱ䣬µͨкܴĻᡣ
Ȼķ棬棬Ҳ֮ѸٵĽš˵ϣ߲ĵȥʵкֻܿǣ磬ҲֻһŶѡ
ڵʮĵڰ꣬Ե򣬳ɹɱˡһ򣬴ﵽ˵ڶ
ɱ󣬾ֽķŵ˵˻֮ϡ
ڵʮϣԼܹ̤Ŷ񾳽硣
ʱڵʮӽʮʱ
Խ񡣡
ţ˻ȻûеûܴﵽŶ񡣡
ôʮţӦǲܵ˰ɣǵʮţǿɾͱչɡ˻Ҫǿˡ
ϣʣ¾Ժͳͬ߻ڡ
ԣȫĿעӵģǾԾǵʮϵĳͬ¡
ϣ¡
ʮŵʱֵˡžԣ΢΢ҡͷ˵񾳽磬һ˻ȻûеԽûͻƻµôʮţ͵ǲȥˡ
ŵʮϵľ˵磬ûͻơҾõ򣬺ɱˡ
Ŷʦܸоɱ䣿ЩȵĿѡ
ȻֱӸӦֻһֱɡûͻƣԺ֪ˡԽѾ׼ǵʮˡҡҡͷ
ɱ䣬뾳ͻȫͬġɱ䣬ϢκͷųԾѡǿߣҲ޷ĸ֪ʹֱ־ϸϸ̽顣
ڵʮϣԹȻվ̧Ŀʮš
ڱŻϣʮŵߣֻгͬһˣ˵ʮšڵ֮ǰʵֻȳͬԲһչɺͺˣһ֮⣬ûܳɸ롣
ԣʮţһ֮У˶Խһ
Խܹɹʮ
Ŀ֮£ԵɫӰٷԾʮų˹ȥ
򣡡
ûκεľ󣬵һʱʩչ˵ڶ
ʮŵԵĵڶ֮Ѹݵɢ
֮Уһ̤վ˵ʮ֮ϡ
ܵĴһƬžߵı飬ͷ·Ǽ˹һ㡣
һ񣬾ĵ뵽˵ʮš
úܶˣһֱ۵̲סʼԼ
ЩμŻߣǻõŻߣΪӡ
֮УҲһеٮٮˡûκοţܲμŻģ츳Բ̫ǻõŻߣ츳Ҳܹھһߵµߡ
ʱǷ֣ԽȣǼֱ
ЩŶ񣬶Щ޵ݡЩŶ񾳽ߣȻһȥң񣬱ǻҪöࡣ
Ȼǵڶ򣡡۾΢Уе˵
šڵԽѾֵڶˣн򣬾Զǵڶˣǡͣżǧ갡һ˵
ʦ֣˵СӣᳬԽͬ£ΪŻϣ߰ɣĿһ̧˵
ѳƬ̡
֮Żҡͷ˵ܽŶǲ̫ܳԽͬˡڵʮϣӦǲܣٽյκһ֣ɱ䵽ˡ
ţϵʮţΨһϣӦþǵ˻ΪŶ񡣡ֵͷ˵


1314 ˮ
ֺ֮ԣ˵Ǻ׼ȷġ
ʱϥڵʮϵľԣҲתڿǡʮϵʮĵӦ÷ķ档
Ǿ޿ڵʮɱ䵽
ողŴﵽڶҪɱ䵽ɲʮ֮ھġʮϣҲκλᡣ
ھյ֮УﵽڶġҪ˵УϣﵽģҲ
ǣԼһ֮󣬻ֻҡͷ
Ҫʮϣɱ䵽ǳɹļͬܵ͡һɣһɶ

ֻƴһˡһԣ˻ԵУһ⻪
Ա˵Ϊ˻ļʣҪȽκһɱ䵽ҪһЩ
ʱ򣬾Ѿ˾ȻˣȻ˷ʱ䡣ԣģŵ˵˻ĵ档
ڸڣ״һöˣʱѾö˵ϷӵɫԵ˻
һܣ˻Ͽٵתš
ʱ򣬾Ե΢΢һԭԾ׵Ȼķ֣֮γһǶӡ֮е·
ɽ纣֮ʹŵ˻ĵ

ԸоԼУ˻ĵѾֻһš¾㱸ֻ硣
ǾԲ˿ĴиһţѵġҪ˻ĵֻһţһȥôǰһŬ塣
ڵʮϵĳͬ£վһϮɫ۵ĳͬ£ڵʮ֮ϣתĿʮϵľԡ
֮Уһ˿㵡
Խ񣬾Ȼ˵ʮϣôϵʮŵģ
֮ǰչɺͺˣûгɹʮšԽ񣬾Ȼչɺͺնˣ
ѵѾﵽŶ
ûУĿǰ񣡡ͬһ
ڳԵ˻ϢǳԡڵʮϣͬȻ޷֪ϵǣȴܿ
֮䣬ȫġ޷һţݵһϡţȴ谭ߵߡ
ͬܿΧγɵĹΣ֪Ի񣬲ûнŶ
ûͻƳΪŶôʮŵģͬʡ
Ƭ̣ĿջأתϷǵʮš
Կ΢̧ϣԼı飬ƺЩ顣
ûаգûκΰգܵʮš
ȻʮţѾŻŵУɼõġǣͬ²ûоʹ㡣ǣһ񣬾ȻѾ˵ʮϣ͸ҪʵǣǸ߲εš

ܵʮţôŻʷϣԼˡ
ŻʷУܵʮŵߣѾࡣÿһǾž֮ѾȥܾãҲᱻʷصĵ伮֮У磬һԼӡǡ
ͬ£Ҫǵʮˡ
ܳɹ𣿡
ǵʮţʩչ˵ػУڶֵ𣿡

Ŀ⣬۽˳ͬµϣţͬܲܵʮšܣô֣ͬδؽʡǣȥ֮ҲʷУԶһڳͬµӡǡ
ʮţһҪķˮ롣
ǹŵߣÿһϵʮŵģպյĴܹϵʮţ֮ͨսˡ
Ŀע֮£ͬ£ȥ
ɫӰǿܣʮš
ʱ䣬ӽʮŵʮ֮ڡ
䣡
ʮϣ嫵ܣȻڿռڳ֡һɫڼٳӰ֮С
ͬµϣ֮ɫ
ܣӿ籩һ𡣴ʱȻǽԼ߶˼¡
ΪģµܲȻһΣӽӽʮŵĵط赽Ӵĵ֮ϡ
ƣͬ£һ漴һȣ쳹һ֮С
ܣűʩչѹ·ҪʮŵܣӲѹȥһ㡣ɿµ֮£ŵܣһ¡
жĳͬ£Ѹһ̧ţǰһ


1315 һ
Ŀ֮£һϮĳ̧ͬҽţǰһ
ȻֻǼ򵥵һȴƴռ𶯡һƬգ·𶼳ܲסһܡԿƬռݣҪѿ
ͬΪ˵ʮţֶζˡͨߵʵһչֵ쾡¡
ǣҲŵʮ̤һӽʮ֮ڶ
ڳͬ¿һͬʱ֮ϣƥĿ־ܾ
־£Υ档
־֮󣬳ͬΧ̼߽⡣ǸܣʧӰ٣ͺδֹһ㡣
ͬ£ɫͨ죬Եɲ
һ˫ͬѪɫ˫ȭ΢̧ͷ񲢲Ը
ǣ־֮£еֶζĬٴ߶ٽӽʮһ
ܣһ֮УһߣϢĿϵĳͬ¡
ʱ򣬴Ҷףͬ¿ǲܵʮˡͬµ֮ãʮ֮սᡣ
ѾǷǳ˲õĳɼˡ
٣ǧĵϣɹʮţѾõĳɼƽˡ
ǧûκһߣɹʮš
ʵϣݹŻʷܵʮŵҲࡣʮţһˮ룬һš
վʧˣ
ͬѾˣʵܱһ֮
ǰûܵʮţҲˣ
ɫ۵ĳͬ£ʧʱ򣬴ڵڶߣŶ׷³һ̸
ͬʧϣһ̳֮µĵ֮ϡ
վڵϣþöûκζ
Ҳ֪˶ã̧ͷĿ⿴ţӵʮϵɫӰ
Խܵʮ𣿡ͬ¿У˵ôһ仰
ûܵʮţͬҪ˵Լȫʧ䣬ǿ϶ǲܵġδκεǷͷ
ߴʱ۵ܹʮţѾǧŵóɼƽҲԼδһܹΪ֮
ͬµĵţҲˣֿ˿ڲԶĳͬ¡
ԣ˵ͷ
ϣʣԽһˡ̧ĿʮϣȻڵ˻ľԡ
ԳԵ˻һ㣬Ȼֵ֮ġϵͻƣɲɱ䡣ͻƣͷŵ÷ǳԡԣֵ˶ҪϽŶ
ֻǣвʱ䣬ȻûгɹŶļ
ļ꣬ܵ˻ô֮ãҲΪֹҲԣ˵
һ񾳽ߣܹǵʮţѾܺ˰ɣǴδܵǵʮţ˱ŻԽ񡣡զ˵
˼˵ɽȹΪʦʼûһܵϵʮš
һҲûۼǵʮšҡͷ˵

ǲһ㣡
۾Щϧ
ڵʮϣѾ˽ӽʮʱ䡣ٲȥʮţҪͳˡ
ĵ˻Ȼûڵöϵܺĸ֪Լ˻Ѿܽӽٸʮʱ䣬Ž˻
ֻǣʮţٸʮʱ䡣
ԣڵʮվĿ⣬ϷǵʮţҲǳͬµ֮յڡ
ԽûнŶ𣿡
ûУûܳɹ˻
ûнΪŶǲܵ뵽ʮ˰ɣ
ӦǽˡͬսڵʮţԽսڵʮţҲ԰ˡչɺͺˣߵûҪԶ
һ֮Уߣŵʮϵľԡ
ʱ򣬾ܶߣڿעԡ
棬維۾ǣתĿԡ
ûڵʮϣ˻ЩߣȻҲһ
ڵĴ
𣬿зͳЦĿ⣬ӾԵ˻ҡҡͷ
ΪСӣϳΪŶϷһ⣬ϷǸ߹ˣһĨ΢Ц
ǰйϴﵽŶ͸һᣬվΪ״ӡڿǲϵ˻ﵽŶľˡ


1316 Ϊ
ϣʱֻʣ¾һӰ
ңѾڵʮϴ˽ʮʱ䣬ҪҲʮšʧܣôŻҲͳ׽ˡ
ʮϣԾƬ̡
ٿ䣬Ӱŵʮųȥ
ھԵٿʮʱϣһ޷ͷܣȻ¡
ԣһӶڰС·ǰ棬һ۲ܼǽڡóȫÿһҲ޷ǰССһ
ʮţǰʮ׵ĵطƺֿɼǣŻϣʮŵߣĿǰҲֻгͬһˣػܣŵʮš
Ե۾˫΢̧֮ڣ纣ˮһĶ˻ϣÿһ䣬к嫵ݳ



ԣȺʩչֵڶܡ
ǵصܲЩԶڴڵߣ
Եʮţʩչܣȴ˿ûáʮϵûаֵļԵĽŲʼ޷ǰȥ
ڡ
Խϣܵʮˡ߾ٷ̾˵
Խܵʮţͬһˡһλ̫ϳϣ΢΢Щ
ǶƺеֶζʹˣȻܵϵʮš
ۿʱҪˣԼŵһͳš
ûʲôϧġ˿˵ҸоԽĵ˻ҲԶˡŻ󣬻ò˶꣬ĵ˻ܵɹŶ񾳽硣
ԽδŶʵҲͱȳͬȾŶ΢һЩŶʵֻȳͬǿȳͬ˵
ԣ˵ͷ
֪˼
ǳͬ£ڵսֻ¾Ѿ൱ܹս֮ͨǿߡԽϣδﵽŶ񾳽磬սӦܳͬ£ֱ׷ɽľŶܻһЩ֮ͨľŶ
ô˵ԽֹڵʮţȷʵҲûʲôźġ
һ񾳽ߣȴѹоŶݳɼѾˡ
磬жپŶ񣬸˵ԼܻԽ
ʱ˺ڴˣ̸ž⡣һڣĽ㣬ҲھԵϡ
ʱ򣬻ϿȷԲܵʮˡŻᣬȫ
εŻ󣬾Ҫȴһʱ䣬һŻſʼ
ϣֺˣĬĬһۡ
Ҳ㣬׼Żܽˡ
ʮŻİУҡҡͷзһ΢̾Ϣ
ȷʵǲˡ
ҽԼյĸֶΣʩչޡҲǣ޷ɹʮšԵ
Ǹͬ£ܹǵʮţһΪȷʵǺܿµģȣֻҲʲôĿһת
ͬѾ뿪˵صһ֮ڡԣûڵϿͬµӰ
ʱ򣬳ͬһУĿҲӾԡҪţԽŴͳֻҪԽ޷ϵʮţôŻϣȻǵ֮ĵһ
ŻĲߣûκһˣͬȡڿǸԽȷʵѾܵϵʮˡ
ͬ£ҪˡԽӦǶԵʮΪˡĳɼǱеĵһһλߣԳͬ˵
λߣҲһ֮СΪǧһݣǳͬµʦ
ò˵ԽȷʵǿͻС񾳽磬ܵ뵽ʮ֮ϣ츳СϣﵽŶ񾳽磬ܱͬˡǧ΢Ц˵
ԵӳͬŻϵı֣ǧǳ⡣
ӣܴﵽ֮磬սͻ̳Լڣֻ֮һŶսҲܶԼγɺܴˡ
ԣǧԳͬ£Ͱ̸䣬ûκξӸµ̬ӣкܴϣʵԼġڿһ㣬ֻкôл
ʦǧĻͬµĿ⣬ûӾƿ
ʦԣеεţԽԵϣﵽŶ񾳽硣뿪ţһʮϰʱ䣬Ǻ顣ͬ¿˵


1317 Сڣϰɣ
ͬⷬǲԼ츳Խ
ȻҲĵʵдա
˵ĻҲеġ߱񾳽缸궼ʼߵߣҲпܱס硣һͺ˵ҪòҵͻƵ
ţߵϣ˵һĻԵϲܽ˻ﵽŶ񾳽磬ô뿪֮˭Ҳ˵Ҫʱܵ˻ΪŶ
ͬµĻǧҲΪȻĵͷ

СڣҪˣСڹͨ
ۡ۹ֵСڳ𣿡СſЦֱھԺ֮
̲ס˷ۡ
ҲоСڵĳƨ̶ԽԽˡڸոմﵽ߼ԴոյʱǻСڻһúӡﵽ˼Դ󣬾ͽ˱仯ԽԽѡ
֮ǰѾɳżԴСڣ͸䱾ˡ
ûСѾǾżԴ
ںΪϼľʱ˳˼ľϵһ
ȣԽԼиٷ֮һҵӱСɣСʮʱ䣬ٷ֮һҵգͬʱҲܴ
Сܹ󣬾ҲͷˣԣʣֱӾͽСˣȥա
ȷʵǲ̫ĶСڶԣȴǴ󲹵Ķ
˴󼸰ʱ䣬СڲŽȫɵ
ҲھԵʮŵʱСڲѹѹСڣѾǴﵽ˾żԴĳ̶ȡ
ܸоС̺ܣ֮ǰ˼ʱǿԼĹ֮УںСڵôǿԼܣܴﵽ߰˳ɵܡ
СڸԾãԼǳͬһս㲻ܻܶԷҲڱԷɻܡ
ˣʱѾ࣬ϰɣԺСڷԸ
˷ģСڵͣۻԴϢӾڿֶ
ʮŵܣܿ͸оСڡ
Ե꣬ҲһֱӦܵı仯ʱȻˣŵڸ֪С֮󣬺Щԥ
֮ǰԵһŵʱܿûκεԥ
ߵﵽŵҪôܾͻɢﲻҪƾ߽߾Ъ˹Ҳô
ʱ˿̣ŵܣСڽӴ󣬾ԥˡ
΢ı仯þԵһҲѵСڵҲ
ŵ־ǲʹ֮ŵġ鱦ȵȸֱ־ϣʹҲЧ
ҲǱȻ顣
һЩǿ֮ƳһЩֲܿ⹥ɽɽƾʥʥ̺żµĹܡ
ʥıţǵȻǲ־ġ
ԴʱҲЩšСڲ־ϣɾ鷳ˡңȷʵܡСȻԼΪһ壬ȴԼܡ
ȫעСĸܱ仯
Զܵĸоȷʵûд־Сڵʱȷʵǳһ¡
־һ˿ܣСڵһ¡
Сڵ屻һ˿ܰס֮һӾʵˡСܸоܵĿ¡ָоͺǶԷһͷܹɱԼںܿ죬Сھ֪ܲûйԼĴ㡣
־ֻڷСڵǸʲô
СˡС¶µı顣
ôˣһ
ˣղһɿµܽҰסˣĿֲСˣСڿŵ˵
С仰µʱ򣬵ʮϵܣ糱ˮһɢȥ
Ե̼ʧӰ١
Եһʱоŵֱ仯һֱڹעܡоʧ󣬾Ҳǳĺһ
ŻǳСڵġȻЩɣϿˡҲΪûʦһ
ʦμŻĶټ٣˵ߵŻһˡ
ɹˣԵĿУ¶ϲɫ
ˣСҺɣСڳ֣ս޲ʤ޲ˣСڵھԺ𶯡
ٴη˷ۡ
֮¡
ʲôһ
ԱߵѣҲЩĿɿڴˣоˣǵʮϣʧˡ
ԽɹˣҲɣüҷţӦԴϢ


1318 һ
ʵǵʮŵʱ򣬽˱ԴСڵСǻԴϢȻصס
ڳЩ֮Ȼ˶ͨǶԴȴİ
ҲоԴϢҲͷ
˵Ŀ⣬Ѿڵʮľԡ
ֻǣǸоԴϢĲǵϣȻɻǲ⣬ΪԽܹԴʮš
Żˣ⡣Ǿ͸˵һˡ
ЩߣߣĿжɻ
ѵѣֵѣ
һۻһڴͨ쳹ءȻ˵ģһ֮εǿߡ
λѽΪԽܹԴһšλֱ֮ӾͳѯʣҲǴ
ɼӦЩŭˡ⻰֮УЩʵ
Ҫ֪Ѻˣɽȹ״ӡȲ˵ʵΣƾıһߣҲҶʵ˵
ʵǿһĴߣҲҪѡӡ
λߵʣֺѶһۣ˶Ц
ǣҲô¡
ǿȷһ㣬ǾǾûажʲôֶΰԽסȻԽףҲвͨġŵ־ˣҲ޷Ӱֺ
ѡλѣһĽͣǧҲһڣĳѯʡ
ĵӳͬ£ӦǱŵĵһˡڣǸԽĪľ͵˵ʮţӳͬ³ɼͬˡɣӳͬϵĹ⻷ࡣ
ҲûпףԽ񣬾ûͻƵġϣҲûɱ䣬ʩչȻǵڶһֱϸӦţȷûʹʲôµܡʱֻ̣Դѡһ¡¡˶ʡ
һɫ΢΢һ䡣Ϊο˵ģǴжһǿ档ȷĴߣ̲סѯˡ
ܣնù
ЩߣԲ۾ǲμŻ͸Ϊˡ
Ϊ֡λǰ̫ߣǲҳʣǿ϶̲סɽȣǲƽˡ
һɣֿЦЦ˵λѡ
˵ЩʱʧˣȻǶڵֵĽ͡
ڴ£˵ʵҺʦҲô¡ҡͷȷʵųʲô⣬˵ҿԱ֤ʦˣûκֽšңǵҲӰ첻־ֺ
ֻô͡
ĽͣȻڳ⡣
ֵΪĽͣǽ𣿡Цһ˵
ѵѡֵѣǶλֱŻᡣô룬Ӧһµԭ򣬿ǲų⡣ų⣬ô֮ǰŵߣԵòƽˣǧί˵
λѣӦԽϵʮţһĽǡһô漴
仰Ͳ˵仰ˣҲͬǳ
ֺѣɫ΢΢һ˶ûз
Ϊ˵仰ģ𣬽ʦɽȹĳһǿߡ
һЩߣ𶼳ͷˣʱӱꡣ
һ߰Ҳ½ˣҪֹԵĵţȲԭ˵
䣡
ʱһƥܣճ֣Ȼ併ܣ˲Ϣ֮䣬ӵеĴ
һɼµ֮ܲУ̺Ϣڳ߶һȫ
桢۾ϢŲ
ԭŵ۾Ҳһ̶Ȼ·Ǹܵһ˿вϢȻ֮䣬ǿռ˹ȥ
еĿ⣬ŵϿտȥ
һɫ۵ӰĴнӰԵÿࡣÿһˣãżȿµ
Ӱ΢ԵһЩɫҲֲ԰ס˫֣ĿɨţִӵһתһȦգֺˡ
̶̵ʱڣѾ䵽˵֮ϡĽ䣬һɿֲܲһƬ֮𽥵ɢ


1319 Ϊ֮һ
ݵİɫӰ׵վŵܵѹɢһڵڶߣŶĺһָ
һĿ⣬һɫӰ֮ϡ
ʦ֣
ʦ֣
Ѻˣˣæ
ɽȵĴʦ֡
ɽȹ״ӣ֮УʦֵʵΪǿģҲǸɽȹʱĵӡλߣҲ繫ϵĳһ֮ǿߡ
Ҳ˵ͬε
ĳ֣Ȼȫ˵Ԥϡֺˣû뵽ǵĴʦֻŻϡ
ŻٰһΣŻϣǵĴʦ֣ҲǺٺٻġ
һΣǵĴʦֵ𣬾ˣûдѶʦֵôʦֳ档˵ǻûü
ţһֺˣ΢ĵͷ
Ŀһתһ
ڵĴ
ӵѣ΢Ĺ˹֡
ѣһû̫д֮վҲŵ˹ֻ
ԲںѺˣӵΪ沫ɱ뵥Ҳǽӽƾеġɱ˭ܻδ֪֮
ʣΪ𣡡ĵͷ
仰Ƕ˵ģͬʱҲǶڳ˵ġ𷽲ţҪԾԵϵʮŸһġ
ҲǣҪ֪ԭ⡣
ţûġûӦͼ˵һ䡣
ŶƤһ̧һ
Խʦݣ˵ǿԴҲԴôܵأЦ˵
ûͣ٣˵Դܹţ־ϿɡһԴ߾Լȣ
Ļ߶ΪȻĵͷ
ԣǡ˵ͷȥˡ־ϿԴʵϿɣԴߵԼᲢ
Ŀ⣬򵥺𣬵ŵ͡
Ȼɻ󣬵ԵЩ֮ǿߣҲûмٿڴߴˡǿĴڣʱƺ˲ٵġ
ϵĵϸ΢Ц⡣
ֺѣҲǰĵʦ֣Ҳ֪ʦô¡ȻǲԴʦκεɣֻǵ֪ΪϿԽߵԴһԽߣ˵ʮš
Ŀ⻷ܣƬ̺Ż˵ͨԴ־Ͽɣ
Ҳ˵ʦţǶ޷ԴԼϸ߲š־ԴͨҲǱΪ˵
ʵϣԴȷʵӸ˵ЩױȵȣҲûʲô˵𣬻ҲֻʦܹʹԴ뵽ԼĹ֮
ԴҲǿԶʱڶѻߵȼģֻҪдԴܽԴȻıһʽԴ߼Դ
˵΢һ¡
󣬲ż˵ǣԽߵԴȴǲͬһԴ
ԽߵԴѾϡ˵ıԴѾΪһˣܲɷ֡һ
ΪΣ
ƣڳߣе˶ơ
ܣ
ôܣ
һΣδ˵һϵһڴ
˵ģһȥݼϵĺɫߡ΢΢촽顣仰ƺʶġ
܄ʦôˣüʵ
܄ʦ
֣ҲǴùʦ۵ĿסͬʱҲһλǳǳϵʦʦ܄ʦȡ
Ȼڵϣ϶Ҳǹ܄ʦʤһ
܄ʦ۾ʡ
܄ʦ㵽˵ʲôܣ˫ü
ʱ򣬹܄ʦƺƽ˲١壬Ҳ
ŵϵĵһ²ſ˵˵˼ǲ˵ԽԴ壿
仰һ˵ȫΪ֮һ
ʦԴ壿


1320 ԣŶ
ⲻǴ˵дڵĶһЩ˵УһЩصݣ˵ʦԴԵ壬ӵǻۺԡֻǣĴ˵δ֤ʵʥʦϣҲû֤ʹõԴ塣
ɴ˿󣬹܄ʦ仰ڳߣ˶ôĳǼ㲻ʦԵҲûо˽⡣ǣҲԴζʲô徿ж
͸͸ĴǽڣĿ⣬˹܄ʦϡ
ǣ΢΢ճһĨЦ⣬ģ˵ͷ
ԽߵԴȷʵ塣Ϊ壬ԽߵԴ˵彨ֱӵϵҲ˵뵽ڡ
ԣʦԴԽߵԴȴһ֣ⷬ
܄ʦٴμһ˫ǵ۾ڣ˿ȴ쳣

ӵеԴҲܽ˴ﵽʥʦĲΣ
Ҫ֪磬Ŀǰȷϻŵʥʦֻλѣ
ܵߣȴúúõһϢ
˵Ȼģ
Դܵ壿
𣬴ʱҲòͣҲû˵һ֡㰵ҪԽҲִ˵е˵ѡ
ֻԣǺ׾ͱƵġ
Ҳ˵Ļ϶ʵǸԽӵеԴȷʵ壬õŵϿɡ
𣬻𣿡ֿʵ
ֿһЩҡҡͷ˵ûˣ벻ԽԴȻᵮ塣ǰδ˵λʦʥʦӵеԴ
Ҳ֪Լ̨¡
𣬳ЦЦû
ʦ֣ôԹˣֺˣʱҵ϶뵥̸
ţ־ֲѰ̽һ£ŷλԽߣǵԴ˵
ԽԼԴģ磬һ߼ʦûи߼ԴǵͼʦмʦҲкܶ߼Դδ˵ʦԴ塣ҡҡͷ
ֱʱô·˼
Դ壬ȷʵܵܶصơһԴûϣġԽôģֻԼ֪ˡӵеԴ£϶زסˣ»ܶɣĿ̧𣬿ʮϵľԡ
ԴѾںϡü
ǰҪõԴҪȽȻȷĨɱԴ֮塣ҵı⣬Ҳ뽫µ˵˵ǿ϶ݡ˫ü
ʦ˵仰ԽӦþͰȫˡҲԵ
ʦѾûгˡ˵£ʦӦҲòֵġҡͷ漴˵˵ЩˡȵԽСһŽɣ
ǣֺѶӦ
Ҳ˵֮ϡ
֮
ʮϵľԣ˫ĿϵĽëᶶһ¡
Уö֮ϣһ仨Ӱĸֶ
ڵʮϵ꣬һֱķڵ˻ĵϡȥ˻Ӱ
ԽŶ̤ؼһ
˵ŴϢĸǾԲܣô̵ʱڣߵһġ
Եȡ߼񾧺͸ߵ񵤣ָвĵ
ͷ֮ٵŵ˻ӰӿȥʵҪ̫ʱ䣬ȴʱļ
ڵ˻ʱΪ黯ںħУþûо񾧺̷񵤣񺣼ˡ
ˣ

˻Ӱֺ󲻾ãһ嫵ĻܣǴӾԵΪģ˷ϯ
ǿͷ򲨶̼ӳţӵһ֮Уһߣĸ֪ˡ
ǿߣ˲͸Ӧͷ򲨶У˻Ϣ
ৣৣ
һԾĿ⣬ͬʱ̧𣬿ڵʮϵɫӰ
еˣı顣
ͻˣ
Խ񣬵˻ˣΪŶˣ
ⲻܣ
ԽŻῪʼ֮ǰֻһͨѡ񣬶̶̲ǧʱ䣬ʹͨ񣬴ﵽ˾Ŷ񾳽磿
޷ܣˣ⣡


1321 Լĵ
˵Щ񾳽ߣһЩ֮εǿߣжһ˿ʵζȻѾ֮ȻЩ޷ԽļʾԵٶȡ
ǿǴͨ񣬵ŶĿ¿Խ
Ϊһųͬ£Ҳ㼸ʮ꣬ŵ˻ɾ;Ŷġ
ȫĿ۽֮£ϵͷϢԽԽȶЩϢձھڡ
ʱ˾ͶףԽĵ˻Ѿʲôˡ
һҲ΢ȹһ¸ոͻƵľ缴ɡ
ΪöˣѾ˻ߵ񺣣ʹﵽһƽ״̬ͻ֮󣬲ȥȹ̾磬һҲʲô⡣
ŶŶʹ̩ɽ˼
ʮϣԼ硣
һ˻֮䣬תš˻ÿһ֮ϣεţ˵Ϣ
ϵĻ˻ܸԶĶ˻
ˣܴﵽ˵ܣʵԶڸǿУ̲סת
ֻǣҲףڻ֮Դĸ֮£ԻԷգ϶ԶԶᳬԷ⻹ǣʱ򣬲ʹû֮Դ¡
ҵԱԴ
ͷոðԾͰĿЦҡҡͷ
ƺǲɵһǿɽȵĹҲ
֮Դ磬ΪʮΪΨһġڣֻһ֮Դֻһˮ֮Դ
ܵõһԴļˡ뽫ֱԴѼȫʵǳ˵Ρ
ھԳɹŶͬʱ壬Ҳ֮׳һ羪κһ㷭ӿϢ嫡
磬֮¾УҲһ뾰Աߡ
ߵľͻƣĲ֮ãֱӵϵǿ󣬶ԾԵĺôǲԶģ֮ϣǿҲСܵõô
ֻ˶̶һʱ䣬ͽȹ̲Ϥ˾ͻƼǿ
ˣڵʮϣнӽʱ䡣
ûκԥֱӽģ˵ڶ֮ϡ
˵ս棬϶ǽֱӰ󡣿ǣԸоҪɱ䵽Ҫ϶Ϊ١
ϣҪѡԼĲ˳򡣴ʱķϣȻǶԼΪѡ
ԸоõԼĵڶ򣬾ɱ䵽ѾԶˡ
ڵԼ̤Ŷ񾳽ϵĴϢԼİ֮ǰ񾳽ʱԼԽɱ䵽϶ҲҪ֮ǰɵöࡣ
ϸϸ
ʱ仺š
֮ϣɽȴʦֵ֡ˣվ
Ŀ⣬ʱڵʮžԵϡ
ӾԣڵʮͻƵŶ֮飬Ҳ֮˲֪̽𶯡
ɫӰһͨμŻᣬͨ񣬽Ŷߡ
ŻϡǵãһҲͳֹˡͬʱǸ߼ʦݵģôԽߣǵһ
˵ԽߣһŻ¼¼
ص㻹ڣԽ͡ԵѿԵͣӦֻǧ겻ǧ꣡
ʱȷʵǱˡ
磬˵ʵŶ಻ʤеţճΪ֮Ҳеģڳһʱ֮ȻˡеģѤõ֮ȴһЩ⡣
̫ˣ
ңеţлμŻᡣкܶܶ࣬ʵţûлμŻᡣЩţ츳ϣδؾͱȲμŻ߲
ʵ̫ˣൽľˡ
ҪʷֹģУҵһܹԽġ˼ãҲҡͷƺҲڶ

֮ܳȻʵĬĬԣһ
ΪܰȻ֮磬ΪԼȣȡ
ȻҲ֪Ȼ̤Ŷ񾳽硣ǣҪ̤֮磬Ȼкܳ·Ҫߡ
ľŶ֮࣬ȴ١
ʦܣǿߣҲû֮ܽ硣
СһϣܳΪߣԼĵ۾΢΢ĬĬ˵


1322 ž
ھԵ˻󣬳ͬĿеˣ˼Ȼ
ǷžһɹʮŵʱԼȾϸΪ㡣
ڣ޷ƵĶҡˡ
һڵҲǸԽˣѾֹڵʮšɹ˻ɾ;Ŷ֮λԽ񣬱ضٽһϵʮš
Դˣ˶ʡ
ԣڵʮϵʱ䣬𽥵Ľӽβ
վ΢΢̧Ŀ⣬ĵʮš
һţڱŻϣûܵڴ֮ǰǧڵŻϣҲδκһߣʮš
ڽ죬ԣҪһš
ʷ֮УԶһԼӡǡ
ԣ
ûκ⣬ת֮󣬴ӵʮ֮Ϣˡ
ԣɵվ˵ʮ֮ϡ
һΪŷˮš
֮ԱΪˮ룡ҲΪʷУÿһʮŵߣǾž޴Ź֮ǣѾȥ˺ܾãǵ֣Ȼᱻˣʱ𣬱ߡ
⣬ʱӽĵϹʮŵߣ۳Ķ۾
۾񣬽Ҳһǧꡣʵȴȡã
磬Ҳû˵һ׼ȷ֣֪ٻ֮á
ɹˣ
ǰȥˣʮţ
һǣȽȽ𣡡
ֻҪܻţﵽ֮ΣôҲܴﵽ۾Ǹεǿߡ
ʱ޷ΪߣҲò˶ãͿԴﵽŶǸΣ
Ŀ⣬ʣžԵӰ
Ȼ֮ǰǾ֪Կ϶ܹʮŵġǣվ˵ʮϵʱǻ޷ݡ
Ѿǧʱ䣬ûһߣŻϴﵽֳɾˡڳĺܶˣ޷Լ顣
ǣ߾ٷЩ뾰Թϵ׽ѣ˷ܵš
Ǽ֤ˣһ漣ĵ
һͨǧڣΪ˾Ŷ
һ˵ʮŵģŶ
ͬʱһʦӵеԴʦ
ҫ͹⻷ʱӳˣǵʮϥľϡ
Ҫǣ뾰ԣѣ
ʱľԣѾʼ۾ģķĲ֮ϡ
ʮʱ䡣
ʮʱɱ䵽ôܵϵʮšܣô֮ãҲҪսڴˡ
ʦ֣оԽܷʵǣ̲סʵ
ʱһЩѪڵĸо
þúþãûмϵʮŵ߳ˡһŻϣֿˡ
ԭΪǳͬµϵʮţһССϲˡ˭뵽ŻῪʼʱ򣬽ֻͨ񾳽Խߣܹ˵ҫ۶Ŀ
ӣû̿˵ӦǳƬ̡
תĿһ˵ϣɣ
Ѿܽӽˡʮڣܲɹô򣬾ܵϵʮšܲ͸ǾûлˡĽĿǰȫûκϣġ˵
ȻԣڲʱûʲôɢǣΪ۷ǿ̽ŵĵ𣬻ǿԸӦõԵ״
ǺǣϣԽܹͻơɱΪ򣬵ϵʮţôɾͱһǧ֮ǰĶʵǵûҪˣЦЦ۾˵
ǰͷ
ʮšԴʦ𣬽Ŵӻд֮Ҳûˣʮšʦ֣㵱ǹ𣿡ѣҲ򵥺ʵ
ѡˣҪȵʦöࡣ֪翪źǵĴʦûǹšڶ翪֮ǰʦֵûеǹţ˾Ͳˡ
ѵѯʣЦЦ
ҡͷ˵ҵǹġ
֡Զ΢΢һ
ֻǣҵŵʱ򣬶ѾˡңҲûܵǶֹڵʮš˵
־Լķ򣬶Եŵߣϸơ
֮޷ŵġ̫ߣҲܵšԽߣƺԽܵõ־ҲΪʲôɽȹŵߣڰ֮ڵҪԭ


1323 룬ʮ
𵱳Ҳֻǵ˵ʮšʱѾˣھŶ񾳽磬Ҳ֮ͣá
񣬵Ѿڣһ۷֮
ѵûˣܵǶ𣿡ڣЩȵĹ
ѾŶϵı飬ҲЩϣ
ܵǶŰɣʦǿߣ궼ܵǶš磬ʲôأ
ʦ˵磬ӦѾܵϵڶʮˡߣ־ų⣬ܽ롣֮µľŶӦøӲ˿ԵǶš𣬵ͳ˵š
ţһжʮ㡣
δˣܳɹǵڶʮ㡣ԣʮϵʲôҲ˵һȻ
֮£ܣ
ڶߣһʮšǵڶʮţȴǴһƬ֮У޷Сǿߣһǿڶʮŵо
ʱ򣬵˵Ŀ⣬˵һš

ʱۣ
ģѾڵʮϣ˳ʱ䡣
һ죬˼΢΢һڶ򵽵ĸңһ̣߽⡢ɢԶʱһ֣Ȼʵо
ڴﵽˣ
Եȴ͸ǿҵϲ֮顣
΢Ϥһµ֮󣬾ͣģķŵ˽֮ϡΪҪɱ䣬ĿǰѶҪȽҪöࡣԴ㣬׺ѵĲ
ϵĵ𣬴ʱȻһ
ϣһĨ΢ЦֳھԵɱһ̣ӦˡھԵϣӦ΢ĵϢ
СһЦҡҡͷ
ʦ֣ôˣѺˣȫûвԵɱ䡣
Ȼڴ֮еҲ̽Ϊ޷񵥺ֱ̽鵽šǶĻ鷳ɾʹˣɽȾԲǵġ
ͻˣֻ˵֡
ֺ֣ˣǾ˹ֵ˼ϣҲ¶Ȼ֮ɫģͻˣ
ʦָģȻԽѾɱ䵽˵
Խǿ˿Ե˵һ䡣
Ȼⲻƫعܡǣ͵ϮǾǼֲֶΡңҲǿʩչ򣬾һ֮뽫ҲѰһת˵
ǰ򡭡Сʦõ򣬾ǵСʦдʱңҸ޷ȷλãҡҡͷЦŸ̾˵
˵Сʦãָɽȹ״еߡ
ǵʦʦкܶ࣬Щӿɲ١ܱгΪСʦõģֻ׺쳿
ţȷʵǺǿĸֶΡڵԽ񣬶սͨӦûˡͷ˵
ʱȥ
ԣڵʮϣվ
ţ
ϵʮ𣿡棬ȫϢ֮һ
ԼǴӾԣﵽŶ񾳽֮棬ûٱĿˣһֱעžԡעһһܱΪ״ӵš
ģ۾Ŀ⡣
ҼǵǧǰҲֻǵǵʮŰɣ棬˶۾
붫۾ǹϵΪܵѡ磬˭֪˾һ
ǰһǧ֮ǰŻϣҼѵĵ˵ʮšŻῪʼ֮ǰҾǾŶ񾳽ˡԽϵĴɫʣɱŨضˡ۾ǵͷҡͷ˵
û˵ܴھһĽԼĿ⣬˵ʮžԵϡ
ϣԵӰһ˸
ŵʮų˹ȥ
ھԵӰʱ̣еˣסԼĺЩǿߣˡ
ǸԽߣܹϵʮеˣжʣ˵Ѿ֪Եĵڶɱ˵
˸һ˿ѹ̶֡ȵľԣѾ㹻ˡܹԽΪӣôԽ񣬺ܾܿе֮У߸ߵһ
~
ʮܣžԵҵľ


1324 
ˣ
ٷ֮еľԣ뵽ʮ֮УȻֹͣ
ܵܣӿȣȫÿһλ·޷ܶڡ
⡭
Ѿǵڶˣ
ڣһŷ
֮֮ڣ˻΢΢һѸת
Եڼ̵ʱڣһļµĳ̶ȡ
һӵдսŶơ
Ҳ֪ԼľŶ񾳽磬ڵʮŵʱʩչˡҪʮţƾġ
תͬʱԿбһȡ
򣡡
žԵܣһƬܣƵ
ʮϴӴ֮͵Ĳһ£ˡ
Խ˳һǣʮգվ˵ʮš
ɫӰȻţһֺ
Ŀ⣬žԡ
ɹˣ
˵ʮš
򣬴ﵽˣ
ͷԺ֮Сǣּʶһ֣ܡҪ֪ƽܿɲܼġ
һֻЩľŶ񣬲յܡ
Ŷս֮ԿƥдߣƾҪֶΣܡ
յġƵܡ
򣬼¡
ǰǿ˳ͬʩչĵػ򡣶ʱ˿ֿ̣Խʩչĵ
ĳȣ˼ţԼʲôʱ򣬲յܡ

Խɹˣ֮УŨŨϲɫ
̫̫õʱ䣬ʮţûܵˡ죬ٴμ֤漣һ̡һԽߣɹ˵ʮš
ֻмǧꡣ񣬽˼ǧʱ䡣
ԱߵѾŶҲһȻˣžʹӴʦֵ֪ԽѾյ
ɴʱۿԽʩչ򣬵ϵʮţȻǼԽ
뾰ԣû̫ĹϵϵǣܵϵʮţⱾһʢ¡ʢ£ɽȵʢ¡
ʮϣϥ
ֱڵʮܣǴ֮еߣŷ
Ǽ֤һ漣һŻᣬûа
ŻϣߵϵʮţǼǧ궼Լľ󡣹ƾһ㣬Ǿûа硣
һЩμŻߣڵ̬ѾȻתˡھԵϵʮʮʮŵʱǻĽʼɣ̾ԵĺˡǴʱǸģǸеܡ
ʵ㹻ǿǿ󵽿ѹԷʱ򣬶Էͻؾη㡣
ͬģ츳㹻ǿǿѹԷ츳ʱ򣬶ԷҲóϷ
ʱ򣬼Щһ֮ܲݡ֮УۿܶŻġ֮УкܶˣһӶûмߣŻ֮еϵʮţ
Խδ磬ֶһһ֮ߣжͷ
ڴ
ʦĦ񣬹Ĺվ
ʱ飬ޱȵĸӡ֮ǰȥҾԵʱ򣬻һǿ׳ȫ߸ϵ̬
⻹ûȥãǸԽ񣬾Ȼ͵ϵʮˡ˵Ժ󣬾ԽɱһֻҲĦΪ
תĿ˵ĦһۣϢ֮Уšһ
ʦ˵ԽܲܵǶĦСĵ˵ŻῪƺδߣܹǶԽܵǶ˵֮еĵһˡ
ĦܵǶޱ飬վĿţҲûȥĦʵ
ȣҶΪҲܵϵʮߵʮŵġڣѾڵʮˡˣԳ֮ĦǿЦ
֪ԽȥԽʱ򣬾ͲôˡȻ˵ԽΪӣʦ˼ɵʱ̬ȣҲȷʵЩ߰ˡ
ܵģҡҡͷ
ûˣܵϵڶʮš֮ǰûгֹҲ֣ԶҲŵǶߡһҡͷһ˵
ΪʲôܵϵڶʮţǶŵλǰΪֶһأĦ⣬ɻʡ
۾з΢۾Щʡ


1325 һ
뵽˾ԶĻ֮С
˺һᣬŻָ
ֻ̾һſ˵磬Ѳǰˡ
ʦ仰ĦȻ̫סɻʲô磬ǰˣ
ѯʣȴʦѾ˰֣ʾҪʣæ졣
֮ϡ
֡ѣǽ𽥵ƽ
ǵĿ⣬ڣǿʮ֮ϣŵӰ
Խһڲɣڴ˵
磬ѾǾŶˣҪ̤ΣûκϣġҲѾﵽ˵ʱ϶Ὣķڲֵڶϡ񣬻˵
ԽȷʵڲĽҲܽӽﵽˡĿ˵ĲǶԵģķڽǴȻҪȽɱ䵽
ֻǣҪɱ䵽Ǽѵġҡͷ
ǺǣԽϣܿ漣ٴγɹءЦһ
ʦ֣˵Խûϣٴɱ䣿ֿ򵥺˵ĽɱΪӦþܵǶ˰ɣ
Ǵδ顣ڵŵʷϣû˵Ƕʦ㣬û̾ı˵·Ѿ˾ԵǶš
ȴǵĿһ֣УһЩϷʵЦ⡣
֣ѵǶˡ˵
ʦֵ˼ǣ΢΢һ㶡
֣ϸһ롣۾У˵ԴǵʦŴӻдأǶôԶǰˣ˵翪ŰɣҲмʱ˰ɣ⼸ʱѵûֹնľŶ𣿡
ʦ˵öԣҼǵڰǧ֮ǰŵڽ񣬾ܡգҲֹڵʮţûܵǶü˵
ǧ֮ǰδʦɽȹҲûڽŵĹ̡
ȴ֪֡Ϊ֣·Կ֮УҲǡ
ǧǰڽ񣬺ճҫ硣ʱǿ߶עˡڵ֮ǰܣ˵Ǿ˫Ĵڡ
ǣλڽȴˣ֮綼ûдﵽ
˵ڻ֮У˵ڴ֮֡ǿĴ֪ڽ򣬵ȴûйȷеϢ
ڽȻ˺ܾúܾã֣ߴ
⡭ֵۡ
Խ񣬽ɱ䵽Ҳ޷Ƕġʦ˵磬ӦܹǶˡҡҡͷҲЩϧ˵
ϧһ뿴ԽǶţŻʷأڿⱲӿ¶ˡҡͷ
ʱ䣬һĹȥתۣڵʮϣ˾ʱ䡣
һգڵʮϣ۾ֹͣ˶ԽĲ
ûܳɹ
ʱѾƽˣûܳɹĽڶɱ䵽
һţ޷ȥˡ漴վ
֪˵Ҳ޷һŵġ
ͣˣԽ֪Լ޷ʱڣյˡ𿴵˵
һʱ䣬ڵʮϣԼ˾ʮµʱ䡣Ҳ˵ڵʮʱ䡣
ɾֹͣԵжϣ֪ڣԼǾûпյˡ
Ҳã³һ˵ԽǻԼյҲܵǶ˵򣬵ʱ²ĵһȴʧܣǶɲС
Ѹŵ˵ͷʦ˵ģȷʵе
ڣԽ׼˵ǹȻʵкܶȥڶʮȴʧܣĽ϶ܡ
ʮϣ
ܲܳɹҪԿ
ܲܣԵûаɣĿ⣬Ϸһš
ܿģֻһƬơվڵʮϣҲһϵ
ಣ
ԷԾһţٴ˹ȥ
ֻǺ̵ܶʱ䣬һŵʮ֮⡣Ͳ͸ţֻۡǣȻ޷һŵģ


1326 һ
վӽڶʮţֻʮ׵ĵطԼĶǰһЩӦ
һϵƺŤġĹߣǳʻߵ״
һ̺ͬž˵Ŀܣƾ辰ڵΪǰһСĸо
ʱ˿̣оһϣκεѹӭǣȴ޷ǰ߳벽
ָоܹ죡
ǰ·ȴ޷߹ȥͺһԼڿռȫͬĿռ䡣
ڿУͣƬ̡
ģ񣬱üᶨ
ԣô֪У
֮ת˻֮ϣݺݵǰ˹ȥ
ֻǽһĻȴþݺݵһ¡߶ǰԶƾʧӰ١
ܹɱŶĹܣȻôʧˡ
Լڵ˻еתĺۼԿ¶ɣԼŲûд߶ǰˡ
죡
һţ޴͸ŹܵϢ
Եٶת
򣡡

ܣ߶֮£Ȼͷų
ڶ򣡡
ڶ򣡡
ˣ
ڼ̵ʱ֮УԽʩչܡͬʱҲ˳ǰǳȥҵΪ֮ǰԼͻȻʧ
Ǻܿ죬Ծʧˡ
ʩչܣǰһȫûǰ˿ˣҲûʧԭ˿ûС
ʱ򣬾Ѿʶ¾Լɱ䵽ǽɱ䵽ֻҲܽ˵һš

Խڳԣ˵
ǰӦûκôġĿҡͷ
˲ԶĵֻǳĬʱû
һ֮ڣߣھԶγ̸֮
ǵóһۣƾԽǵ֮ģһеĵһˣҲ޷һš
һţǲϵģûˣܵȥҡͷ˵
ǰǰһصϢ˵ţѾûܵǶˡ۾˵ͷ˵
һ֮εǿߣҲǲ۶ϡ㲻֪ϢģʱҲܿڳԵһŵԽӦǲܳɹǶˡ
нӽµʱ䡣ĲµʱͻᱻŴͳ
ʱ򣬱Żᣬ׽
ʱľԣȴûз
Сڣ
ˣڣСڵھԵԺ֮С
СڣҲˡһţǳ졣ԿһҪע⣬ԲܹȥֻԴ̽һ¾ͺáĶ˵
ԵȻҲ£Сڻ֮ǰԼĪʧ
ԵĶȻǶġСȻƨŵúܣСڣԼСҲϧúܡ㾰ԲҲ衣
СڵԴܿһֱӵĽӴ
~
ʱһϸ΢ȴֱھԵԺγɡ
漴ԾǸоԼ꣬һֳǵʹǾԣ̲ס졣
ǣԵĿУʹ֮⣬ȴ˷ܺͼ
ΪСڵԴϢȻû֮ǰĪʧ
ۣۣСڷҽС
Ե꣬СѾһġԵ嶼ǿҴʹСڿ϶Ҳ޷⡣
ûСڵĲҽУΪִʹСڱû˺
ԣĶǰ
ԴϢڣֻǱһֲֿѹ顣ԴͺĥϵĶӡ
ѹ֮£ԴܿͳɢˡѹɲǶԴѹͬͷԴСڱǾԵ壬ܵһӰ졣
СڣٷųһЩԴֻɡ̶СڷԸ˵
ʹ
Է·ܿСӡ
СȻ￹飬ȴϸİվԵķԸСĽһԴ˳ȥ
һεΣ֮ǰһģһԴͬʱԵ壬Сڵ壬мǿҵĴʹ
üͷ
ĿǰҪСڣǿгȥвͨġѹ̫ǿȥֻ¶Сڻҵ壬޷صˡңһɹҡҡͷ
Ȼ䣬Ժһһ棬Ժޱȵ
ѵԡУһĨĹâ
ԺеĻ棬ȻڱϪħռ䣬Сɱħʱ龰


1327 ʲô
ʱؾֻʣ°ҵʱ䡣ǿСڣܽ뱱ϪħǰʮõؾĻᡣ
Դʱէ֣ʶĻʱ龰ħռڵħСԴƣСԼ侪˵ٶɱħԣΪСԴԴṩ
˵ûСҲɱħ

ҲԵһҪĹֶΣԵĿУ
ߵ;Ƿǳ㷺ġ֪ˡ̽ȵȡֵ߽ʱ򣬽ֱΪֶεȴûС
˵ˣЧʵڲǿ⡣ս֮УҪרעڵˣƱҪģͻӰ쵽Ĳٿغֶֹεʩչ
ټһСģҲԼҲˡ
ۺϼԭ͵磬߶սУٻʹȥɱ
֮ǰҲûⷽͷҲǷţһţһͻȻðĿ˵һ޷ͷ˳Ȼģ뵽֮ǰԼ֧ͨСڣͷųµ
ԾʶߵǲֱӹҪһֶΣһý
һеļİȥ
ֱӾڶʮŸУ
Ҫݣҵһַʮٱķӳ

ף
Խʲô
ôˣѵҪɣ
ʱϾͽˣһʱ䡣Ϊһʱ䣬ʵо޴𣿡
㲻ܲ˼ôʱڳΪŶ񣬿ɲֻǿ츳ġ
ʲô˼
⻹Խ϶ǾõǶûϣˣҲȥùˡڵʮϣнӽµʱ䡣˼ңϾͼ˷һʱ䡣
⡭ȷʵе
ϥܣһ֮еߣֱ
еΪⲻµʱȡһЩͻƣ˵ǶšЩˣȻΪǳ롣
Ҳ˾ãϧʱ䣬ӽµʱȻݣǵʮϵĴϢضԽľŶҲŷǳ˰ġ
֮ϡ
ʦ֣ԽǷһ𣿡˿ľԣתĿŵʵ
üҡͷ˵ȻҶԽ񲢲˽⣬Сһǳᡣһָоֿ׷ˡԵһţӦҲ˾׾ͷˡ
ʦ˵ģҲҵĸоҲ˵
ôҲ˵ԽǴһʱɱ򣬽˵һˣ̧̧ü˵
ʱûвܡٴҡͷ
Խķڲ֮ϣǵǿԸӦġǴʱûи֪Եϣܲ
ǲھԵϣбȽǿԴ
𣬴ʱҲ벻ͨҪʲô
ѵԽͨԴһţֻǣԽԴȻ壬ȷʵڲͬԴ˵ϵڶʮţȻ쿪ġ
ôʲôأ
ţԴҲвԽ񣬵ʲôӣеɻԽԽǿҡ
֪ʱľԣα֮ԴǾСԼԾãԼҪҵýСڣп
ݣǷǳķġڵľԣԱЩ֮һЩָܻܿ
ʦ֣˵ûвʲôü
ǲǡڲµͨҲһ䡣
ǣûвκͨҲûȥԼ硣ʲôҲŪᳶһ£ζԼʦܡʦҡͷ˵

֡ˣ˵۾
ʱһȥת۱һ֮ˡ
УǲУܸо΢һʲô˿֮У濴ȥǳƽ
ȴ޷֪ԵСڵԴһµʱУһֱûͣЪ
һʱ˼ٴα⼸ٴεݣʧܸաемΣԸоѾܽӽɹɵһͷŵʱ۵Ȼ˲ͷɢˡ


1328 籩
Уϥ˫Ŀա
ΧһԻٶȻתš
ʱ򣬾ڵʮܴʱѾֻʣʮˡǣݵ걬ʽûг͡
Ƿɢģ
ȻܲٿزۣҪͷŵʱǻɢ
Сڵķʽǡ
ϸģһ۲ڣСڲٿصɢԴ
ͻȻ΢΢һоԼƺҵһؼ㡣һ㣬Ӧþ֮ǰԼݱ֮ȱٵĶ
СڣСڹͨ
ֻ˲䣬Сھ֪Ե˼СѾǾĲ֣Ͼԣ˵ûκεӳ١
䣡
һھԵ籬þԵ񺣣ǡˡ
񺣵𶯣Բûκλң෴ģÿȡ
ɹˣĳɹˣЩš
ȻڷţĶݣ;ӦÿԡڣʽǿԻ޷ݺʵȻǲͬġ
ȻǵСڲܳɹûСڣֻԼȴġ
СڣһΣ
䣡磬ٴαһ
ΪʹõǷǳģڱʵԵˡԵ񺣣Ǻȹ̵ġȻоŶ񾳽ߵ񺣣˵Ƚȹ̡
Ե񺣣Ǳ񺣿ռȹ̡
ĳɹˣԵļԽ
ȻֹʽʱҲܾȷȥ顣δŵ깥ֶΡ
Բ֪磬ûߣҲ깥ֶΡĿǰΪֹӴߣӦöûġ
Щ֮ǿߣҲ깥
ֹʽӦط۾۵ľŷͬʱתһУҾͽΪ籩ɣ
籩
طھԴԾ춯صط

վˣ
ӦûʮҵʱɣѵĻԵϵڶʮţ
֮УߣĿֶϵľԡΪʱ򣬾ԴУѾվȻֹͣ
һµʱĪͻƲɣյٴɱˣ
һ񣬶ھԵϡ
ܵģԽ񣬲ܵǶšҡͷ
ǰٴεõɱ䣬µܣǲܵǶš۾վߣͷͬ˵
ͻȻһ˵ҪٴγԵһšСӣǲ׷ء˵ʵԽԽСһˡ
濴˶۾һۣһ
һڴڡ
𣬷һЦ˵ײĲᣬβģҲܵϵڶʮšҲãͣȡôĳɾͣһܽɣۣܵδǺ£
ڴ
ԽҪԵǶˡ
ϣԽܹǶţһŻʷԽˣĵǶԺ۶ã綼Ҳս֣˵
ûжϣġһţǺġѰ¾ǿʵ޷ȥɣҡͷ

ڶʮţʮ֮⡣
ԣ֮УŲԶþһһš
ɰܣڴһˣԿڣܵ͡
籩ܴһŵͨ·ôֶΣ͸ӲЧˡ
Ҳ˵Ҫϵڶʮţֻиոն籩һֶλϣ
Сڣ׼𣿡Եͳ˵
ʱľԣȻҲܽţһնûС
ˣСҴʱˡСԾԾԡ
֮ھԵܣԴֶ
ͬʱɽһޱȵĿռ֮УһյĽɫá
֮УһӰС
ʱӰԭϵ۾ͻȻ˿
ţӰУ΢
ڶʮţӰߣϵʮţһų𣿡
ֻǣ־ΪΡӰУ·һ䣬ϣǸֳһĨŵı顣
ֻӰٵһ֡
ڴĿռУ򲨶˲ϢͳһƬӰӰǵڶʮţԼվʮ֮һɫ۵ľԡ
ôܣ硭
ӰӣӰ֮еľԡ


1329 Ƕ
ɫڵˣɽȹտ£
տ¹Ҳ磬ϵĵһǿߣΪóռ䷨
Ϊܳףǧ֮⡣
ʱλһǿߣһ˫֮Уȴ˸ųԾĿ⡣
磬еԾ飬Ǻҵġ
ʵϣտ¹ŻᣬѾǺˡȻɽȣȻÿٰһŻᣬҲֻ״Żѡˣǲ¶ġ
ңѾܾúܾãûй¶
һֱڱչء
ԼҲûһαչѾ˶ꡣһǧ꣬Ҳǧ꣬á
Ǿڷţ־Եı仯֪ˡտȻὫԼκһעŻϡ
־ȻҲǸܵ˾Ե籩ϢԲŻǿҵĲ

ꡭ籩Եͳӿд
һոմطҲܲܽһŵĴš
žԵת
С뾰Եϣﵽϡ
ھԵΧԴ͵ķ
ֲϢϯֻգ֮䣬ɨ
һ֮еߣȫһ¶һ㯵Ŀ⡣
ˣ
⡭ǲҪˡȻȼԼ壿
찡Ƿӣȼ壬ܽ˵ϵڶʮţҲܲתˡѵⱲӲΪ֮𣿡
ȼ壬ȷʵ˲ʵǣҲδؾܵϵڶʮš
ڶĴ
оϱϢЩߣʶΪȼԼ塣
˵ʩչ籩ʱֿ񱩵оϣȼࡣǲϸ֮̽ǿߣһʱҲѷֳ
ԣоϱϢϵֵˣɫ䣬ԽķħˡΪ˵Ƕֶˣ
߾ٷˣҲǵǵĿ⣬ǽӽһŵľԡ
ʱľԣȫעĸӦǰԶڶʮš
ûЧ𣿡ûз֣ڶʮϣʲôԵı仯
һģ籩ܽӴǰţҲ𽥵³
籩ûãȷʵ޷һˡ
ʱһϢȴǰȻӭ
ţüͷһ塣
иͷʱͽȫţֻоһ޷ܵ
漴ǰͱ
̣ʱֻ̡ܶգʱ䣬ԾͷԼѾһƬ֮Сܣܲ޾ĴϢ
ǡһţתĿܵĻϲ
ȻǵڶʮţҲŵ㡣
ɹˣɹĵһš籩ȻЧġ

⡭ϣԵЩ졣
˵ӿʼûΪܵһšǾԵ˵ʮź뷨Ҳûзκת䡣
ȻԾһˣΪκһŶ񣬶޷һšң⻹ʦտ¹׿˵Ļ
ԻԼԲỳԼʦԼʦһǿߣôܻţʦӻдġ
ڣʵǿҵ𶯡
ôܳɹǶԽôܵϵڶʮţ
ʦ֣Խɹ˰գ۾죬һã顣
ֵıҲǲġ
ʦ֣ҪһţҪȼԼ尡ֻȻӡ
ѹǰûˣܹϵڶʮţԭǰŵߣûȼԼ壬Խĵӹһߣ˭ȼ壿
𣬿˿֣ȴҡͷ
ˣ˵ȼ壬ûá־ȼ֮ǿʵ

ʦ֣˼˵Խȼ壿ǣʱȴǳҡ֮ϣĸ֪ҿȷҼͷҲ̶ֳȡãˣ֮硣
Ҳ˫ĿƵŴʦֵ
Խȼ壬ôͷų˿ֲģ
ģҲǺԲȼ塣ҲŪô¡
Լ²⵽ԽʹһֶΡֶΣõ־ϿɣԽܵ뵽һ֮ϡ


1330 ɫ
ڶʮϣ
ϢŨ
ǿֲʱһ²Щ̺ſİɫʲôû뵽ǴϢԻ
ֻЩͨߣҲںܶʱھʹﵽΰɣ
˷ʱ䡣ϣӦҲֻʮʱ䡣

ھԸոϥһ̣һµϢͻȻƶ
̸оµϢ޷ֹһϢ谭ģֱӽ˾Եڡ
֮ھԵ֮Уһ
ǡ
Կܵľ󣬸оƺЩϤĿ⣬ܿͿöˣöϵ˻
ⲻҵ𣿡ԲܲԾ
ûҪԼ񺣣ڣȴ·Լ֮С
ܵĸоûþԿ̫á
Ϊ漴ͷ仯ˡȷе˵˻ʼȻ仯
˻ֱԵķ֮ΪľˮԵˣΪԷ֮۶ɡ
ֻ˻Ի˻Ϊǿʼһ໥͸ںϡ
һĻȻȻ׹ںϵ
Ŷ񾳽ߣҪΪ֮Ҫһ裬Ǻϵ
ϵɹ֮ϵʧܣԪ
κһŶ񣬶ȥϵ˵һӿֻһκϵĻᡣ
ˡ
ݻҵĺϵһţߵһݻԵõŵߣԼһϵĹ̡Ժĺϵ֮Уͻɵöࡣˡ
ܹǰһϵ̣ԾŶԣ޼۵ġ
񣬿ʼϸӦźϵ֮У˻ÿһϸ΢仯
ʱľԣȫ޷֪ʱš
ȻֻʾԵĸоȴԼںϵ
ʱƣ˻ںϵԽԽ࣬öҲʼһۡ
ֱһ졭
飬˻ή֮

ԴصĴϢţȫѾˮʪ͸
ʱǰеľ֮ʧԵѸٻָ
æԼ񺣣һ֮󣬾
֮ǰۿʾʧΪġҺʾĺϵôھԿѾˡ
ʾ֮УϵʧܣھԵԤ֮СϵɹǾԲžò
ϾŶ񾳽磬ʱ仹˻˻ȵȣкܶĳɳռ䡣£Ȼǲ̫ܺϵɹġ
йһ飬ȷʵԾкܴİʾϵḶ́Լÿһϸ΢֮Կ֮С
ȵԼĿʼϵͿԽεʾ൱ڣԼֱӵκϵĻᡣ
ԼڵڶʮϺ󣬾תһ񹦣ƽ
͸򣡡̽ģŵ˵ڶ֮ϡ
ʱ֪Լڵڶʮϣ϶ٵʱ䡣ʱ䣬Ŭʵд
ʵ˿ʱҲǸոյϵڶʮš
ϵĹʾоϹ˺ܾõʱ䡣˵Ҳһ˲顣
һЧȷʵֲ
ʱ䣬ԽԼĽɱ䵽˵
ʱ䣬򣬴ӵڶɱ䵽
ˣյȫﵽ˵
սȻѾľŶ磬񾳽УڵʵӦûеˡһ֮ҲǾԶ֡
ˣնɱ֮ͨʵ
Ҳﵽ󣬾Կʼȫ֮
ϵЩ꣬ԶԷ֮򣬴ûֹֻͣ򣬶ʮ־޴ĽⷨеĿռ䷨򣬾Ա֮ǰ˵˼⡣
ϧǣھȫ֮Уֻһʱ䣬ϵĴϢʧˡ
۾
ܴϢԻİѾûӰǰȴһȺɫš
һɲɣϢӺ֮ڣ
ԸоϢˣһӶ·ó
Ϣ
վĶ棬ֻһ˲ͺѾ޾ϴ
ţͨյ㣬ںδ
Եİһ̧̣ţһ̽ĳ嶯סɳ嶯
ţģ
΢΢һʶ뿪Լ塣ʶָʱȴǷ֣ԼѾվ˵֮ϡ


1331 Ļ
ȻѾص˵ϣԵԺУȴţһϳֵĺɫӰ
ӡɣبų棡
Ⱥţͨη
Լʱ˽ȥôڣֻ
Խ񣡡
ʱ򣬾ԶߴһæԼ˼˻
ѾŶվԼǰԶߣһλϢ೤ߡ
ʱоֵģ
λǰæ
ֺѣ֮ǰжԾԴԵȻʶǵˣֺλǰ乧̬ȿӦݱ˻Ҫߡ
Խ񣬹ϲǶšһЦݡ
ȷʵǿϲɺأŻٰ֮ǰδߣܹǶšԽһǶŵߡѾŶҲžԵ˵ͷ
˵ʱ򣬾ҲûתĿۿǶʮѾʧˡ
ӴĵϷָ˿յ
ԽСѣıֻ֣綼һ𣬺Ծ˵
ԽλɽȵĵҲҵȵĴʦ֡˳ƣԽһµ
𣡡ĻҲ΢΢һ
Ȼ֪
ǿǣһǿߡ磬Ҳվ۷ĲΣǳһ֮
ԽСѣǱǱҸǿġò˶ãܳԽˡЦ
ܹǶŵˣ𣬸Ŀ̸֮У˿ûгһļӣԵƽ׽ˡ
ಣಣಣ
ھԺ͵ˣվڵ֮ϼ򵥺ѵʱһ֮УһӰٷ˳
ת֮䣬ϣ;ۼ˴ߡ֮δߣǰ
˵Ŀ⣬žԡ
ЩĿ⣬̺зǳӣк桢˷ܡɻ󣬻ϧֻ
ԽǾŶ񾳽磬һҪкϵһʦϸϸ̵·Ը⣬κΪʦһκֵĿ⿴žԣȿ˵
һЦֻ˵κֵѣ㻹ǷԽΪͽ뷨ɣ۽̵ͽܣҹľɱǿöࡣ
йľֿ˵ԽҹľΪʦ϶ҪȰκֵΪʦõöࡣ

֮ǿߣ׷׿ڣҪ԰ԼΪʦڿڵģ඼ǱȽһ
桢۾εһûЩû뿪ԼĴ
ǿȻ˵ڶʮţŻʷɼȴΪʱȼ壬Ӷۿˡ
ΪȼԼ壬ͲܵϵڶʮšȻܹϵʮţҲЩһһĶͽˡǣѾȼ塣
һߣȼչ壬Ǳɾͺ˵ˡ˵Խһ;Ѿߵ˾ͷкܴܻ䡣
ôģûȤͽҵԽΪӡ۾ѯʺߵ뷨
㲻ùҵ뷨ͽֻȥǡӦ˵
۾˿棬΢΢˵ͷ㿪ڡ
ֻ֮ǰһȴǴһд
Խ񣡡˲Ϣǹȫе
ϵߣ󣬱㶼һ̳Ĭκ֡ľЩͨҲû˵
ʱоԵˣ
ԽҿٸһʦĻᡣڣȻԳΪӵļӡ㣬һΰΪʦĻᡣ쳹ȫ
ӣ
üͷ΢
ڵ֮ǰλ𣬾ĦŶҹԣʱ˼վΪӡ
ŻѾˣԵϵڶʮš𣬻ֻԸվΪӡ
УЦЦȻʵǿ󣬿ΪӣǻΪһǿһЩ״ӡ˵ҲţôĴߣûһӽԸԼΪ״ӡ
ȼչ壬ǱѾۿۡˣĵҲܴܵӰ졣ΪӣǼޡڣңľٶȺ¡¡ѹ
ӣΪϣȼ塣
ҲǣȻǳһϾɽڲˡ޷񵥺֪ϵϸ΢仯
ڵڶʮŵʱ̶ֳȵƺȼһֿ֮⣬ûˡԣҲʶΪȼ塣Ȼˣ˵ڶʮš


1332 տ
֮ǰȷʵдվΪ״ӣԽ̵ָ㡣ھûȼ֮ǰ
ߵһܵ޷޸ˣǼٸߣ츳ʲôô
ãԼڶθ԰ʦĻᣬѾǷǳĶˣ⻹ǿڣԵϵڶʮŵıϡ
ⷬڳǿߣͷ
ľ¶̫þԵδȻ˵ڵսܱһЩ֮ͨǿ󡣿֮ڵҲкܴ˥˵ġ
Ҳ˵Եսάֺܾãͻ˥ȥ

ʦ֮ǰҲܿԽ𣿡
һ֮УһһӰվ
ϵˣ˵ԱٵˣΪʦ
ٱ濴һǳٵˣһͷҲͨ˵һͷӡ
ߣڳʦɫ֮ҲޱȵĹ
ȼԼ壬ֵȥôҡҡͷ˵͸һζ
ԽûȥǵڶʮţΪʦ϶ҪΪ϶һģ峺ڵĴ
Աߵ˲ֳĬ
ϧ˰
ҷ绪ݺſ˵ÿһʱôҫ۵ġǣԽȴ̵ӡûȼգƾʣﵽΣȫǴ⡣һɾ֮λսȻֱ׷϶̾Ϣһ˵
Գƣ绪
磬֣˵׹ġȫó֮¡
绪óʱ䷨ģıԼģھʱһģòǰҲǴʱⷬģ
绪Ҳ֮УΪĳһε֮ʵֲ
ʦȻԽ츳֮ߣӦֵúķѴָۣİɣüһ۷绪𣬿˵
绪ƲƲ
ҵа취ָ塣ǣָˣɶĽǰ;ȻкܴӰ졣ҪΪѶҪȼ֮ǰʮֹңҪָ壬ǶҶԣ۶Գܵġ绪ҡҡͷ˵
Ȼðȥܳɾ
ԣ϶ȻһӣΪʦͳȫˣξͲˡ绪Ŀһת¶һĲЦݡ
ɽȣĳһؿռ䡣
ţʦңһٻӰоµķ򲨶
ɽȹտµ״֮һ׺쳿Ҳֵ˿еģСʦá
СʦãҲ֮ǿߡ
Ҳǣտ¹յһ״ӡ˵׺쳿֮տ¹ûκεӣӶûС
׺쳿оһ˿µķ򲨶ԴԼʦտʡ
ಣκε飬׺쳿ʦڵĿռȥ
ʱ䣬͵˽ɫ֮⡣һɫʦտʱչ֮
׺쳿ܿռ䣬ΪտûտʵǼ׺쳿״ӣҲҵտڵĿռ䡣
տʣԿռ䷨գѾﵽһѰͲĳ̶ȡ
ȷ˵տһѰǿߣϣǸ߷Լôվͨǰͨ˵ǿտʣ֪Ƿǳѵġ
˵տһоɱһͨǿߣҲһʵ顣
ʦǺ쳿׺쳿ɫ֮⣬˵
ɣտʵ洫
ܿ죬׺쳿ͽ뵽֮ڣϥڴʦտʡ
쳿ȥһˣˣտֱһӣһӰͳ׺쳿ǰĿռ֮С
ӰǾԵģ
ǲμӱŻߣԽ񡣡տʼ˵ȥԸⲻԸΪʦԸ⣬ʹֱӹҡԸ⣬ͽ˷
տ˵ʱ䣬һöɫͻȻ׺쳿ǰ
ʱ׺쳿Щûع
ͽʦȻҪͽ
׺쳿ԭΪԼӦʦտʵĹŵӡϾʦѾмǧʱûͽˡǼտʵ״ӰｻҲΪʦտʣӦǲȥͽˡ
һЩõӳ֣߸״ӣмбȽǿһЩŶҲͽָ㡣


1333 ˭뷨
׺쳿ǰҲûȥעŻᡣԣԵǶ¡
ǰȻعı飬ȴӳԾˡ
ɲѰĶƺǳĿҲۣûжǿܲݳΪտ״ӵ׺쳿һ۾ϳ
տƵġɿշ
һּ߼
Ȼ濴ۣڲȴ̲ż临ӵĿռ䷨ƣӵз˼ܡһöɿշƿһǿߵȫ
ȻҪһöɿշҲһ׵顣տԶ֣ҲҪķѴѪʱɡˣÿһöɿշ޼֮ٶԴҲտƵĶɿշ
տڵ״У붼ûеõɿʹ͡
տʴ㽫һöɿշ͸ԣǾ͵͸һ
׺쳿Ϊǳ˽ɿշļֵԲŻԾЩȻ
ȥɣסˣ״ӡԸΪʦҿΪڰ״ӣտʰ˰֡
ǣ׺쳿ӹɿշӦһת뿪ɫ
ʱĵΪİ
𣬻ڵžԾǲǰΪʦΪһӡ
𲢲һǳĵˣҲ̫Ŀʱ䡣Ҫԣһ
лǰأֻǿϧ޶ۣԶԶﲻǰҪ룬ǰʧһǲǰǽˡҲûκεĳɣͿ˵
Ϊļӣ
ֱǿЦ
ɽɽҪˣ𣬻ԸΪһӣɽɽֿԣԲ̫ߡ
ĿǣɽɽһЩۣȡЭˡ
ߣԵĻУһȴ
ţһֲѹӴϯ׼žԺɨ
վһԵĵһֱ͵ĻӶһ£ѹȻ
ãܺã𣬿Ц˼ûٶԾʩչʲôֶΡ
ʱȻǼŭġԿڣȻܾˣ
ʲôݺ磬м˸Ҳӣǽ죬ȻһССŶܾˡ
ܵģԼ棬Խˡ
Ҳ֪ҪɽȶԸԽҲġ
ҲɳһоһԼѹϯʱ̲סҪʩչ籩ֵˡַļ¶ݡ֮ޱȵĿ£ǳһ
ԽСѣǰúܡҪΪͽܾλҲˡ֪ڳģһλѣλԽСѵķۡ΢һ£ּ˵
ڳˣܸоŨŨвζ
˼ѾˣҪԼԽΪͽ˭ǵӸԽΪͽ˭ôˣԣĵˡ
ڳͨĬĬĻһۣҲֻ̾Ϣ
Ǻܶ˶վΪͽ˹вˣվΪͽԼоҲġ
Ҳɫࡣ
δҲ̫Ե˰ɣ
ֵˣЩɫÿɨڵĴ
ɽȣҰĵط
ӣҲδ˰ɣС£Ҳֵöŭʱһ
ͬʱӰһڻ˳
ϵڶߣӰ֮ǿǸģ˺Ƕ΢΢һ񾪺
绪
Կ绪Ҳ˳֮ǰȻû绪ˣǷ绪־̫ǿˣֻҪ˵ڽڵ龰ȻһӾܲ²
磬ô˵ģмˣ
绪ĪԲɣӰҲӴڷɳңŶķ绪ͼɵ֮ɫС
Ǻǣ绪΢΢һЦӾԵɨֿ֮˵ԽСѣûȼԼĻҿ϶Ҫһġ
ֻǿϧˡ绪ҡҡͷ˼ҲˣڲʲôҲûվΪͽ뷨
ɫѿ
ʦ֣βԽɽȣ֣Ե˵
վΪͽȻͲˡǿƣѵɽΪвɣ͹ǴʦֵҲͬεǿߡ


1334 Һ쳿
ʦԽΪͽ𼴱ٲˬŭ
ֿŴʦֵͬҲתĿţŴʦֵ𷢻
ȴҡͷ
ֻûʸָԽġ˵
ţֺѣɻ
ʱɫÿһЩӳϿӵͷǷǳ㹻ġһ仰û˸ԽΪͽˡ
ָо
ĿĿԡ
Сӣ㲻ǲԸΪļҵҪܰ˭ΪʦһˣеΪͽ
ԸоĿеļζ
һŭҲǲϵĿԼ侲
ûд߸ԽΪˣ
ǰȻԺӿ϶Ҳѹټȼչ壬ǰ;ǰ;Ҳް˭ԸΪһȼչˣȥأ
ֻ뿪ɽ֮𻹲׷ŹءҲ˼ɽȵĹˣʱӦòԽ鷳
Ȼӿ
ĸ߾ٷˣҲЩܻѪɫӿǣǸͰﲻæǸϣҲ岻ϻ
ಣ
ʱһɫӰȴǴ֮ϵУͻȻֳ
գʱɫӰ䵽˵֮ϣµϣһ˫Ⱥ֮пӹĿ⣬ȴھԵ϶Ƭ̡
ʦҪҹҵǸԽ񡣡׺쳿˼תĿžԡ
ʦ֣ʦ֣ʦ֣׺쳿ǰŵ˼
տʵ״֮У׺쳿Сʦãߡ
ֺˣ׺쳿Ȼ⡣
Сʦãôˣ̾ͳ׺쳿ʵ
ǵƺѾԤϵСʦûϱƽúܣЦ׺쳿˸к
֮ǰ˵Լûʸ̵ԣ˼ܾǲ²⵽ʲôȻ֮ǰҲʦѾûʲôͽ˼ˣһǶŵߣȴǲһġ
ʦģ׺쳿˵
ʱ򣬵ϵߣҲ֪Ůӵݡ
׺쳿ԴӰʦ֮󣬾ͺ¶ˡԣľˣʶ׺쳿׺쳿ֵ˶ԻȻҲܲ³׺쳿ݣ֪Ůӣտʵĵ״ӡ
ʦģ
ʦѵ𣿡
ԸԻԾһЩ˵ŶҪȵö࣬ȻҲܿк⣬ȴûмѯ̫ࡣ
СʦãʦѵҲע˱Ż𣿡Ŀ׺쳿
ţ׺쳿ͷĿһת˾ԣʦλԽߣ
׺쳿ָָ֣վڲԶһϮɫ۵ľԡ
׺쳿仰˵ʱϵգһӶ΢
ɽȵĹһǿߣԽ
찡
ܶ˶ЩԼĶ䡣
ѵΪԽ񣬵ǶţŻһʷ
ɼˣԽȼԼ壬λϵĹˣҲӦòٹע˰ɣ
ȫ֮Уеˣ¶˷˼Ŀ⡣
УͰ𡢷绪ĳһ
տʣҪԽʲô˼άٵת΢΢ס²ֿܡ
տͽˣӦҲῴһȼչ߰ɣ
绪ͬǾתš
ˣһӶˡȻһǿߣտʣǲ̫̫ˡ˵һӣܶûʲôտʡ
ʱľԣҲݺݵĳ鴤һ¡
ǰǰ׺쳿˹֡
Ȼ׺쳿ƯͣҲмǧˣǿߣԳǰ϶
Һ쳿ɣ׺쳿ڰ֡
ʱ֪ʦΪζԽôӡڽɫʱȻɻ󣬿ҲҶʡԵڣ֪ڵ֮гɹǶ
ô˵ȻʦôԽҲκεĵʦտʿصˣԲЩѰſɱȡ
׺쳿仰һ˵ȫǺݺݵһΡ
Ǿˣ֮ǰû׺쳿ˣȴ˵֮У׺쳿ɽȹյһ״ӣӣǼصġҲ룬׺쳿״УΨһŮйء
ϾˣŮԡ
ʱ˿̣λ˷ǳص״ӣȴԽֱӳƺֺ쳿
Ƕôҫ
˵εǿߣҲ׺쳿ǰֱӺ쳿


1335 Ը
ɫҲ΢΢һ£ܸо׺쳿˵ĿҪֱӳƺ쳿֡
˵Լ׺쳿ǳμ棬˼бҪԼ˵
׺쳿˿ΧЩĿ⣬峺žԡ
ԽҵʦɽȹҲտʣҹ㣬ѯǷԸʦ׺쳿ʵһֺĴ
ʦóȣϢҲᡣ
Ը⣬ͽʦڰ״ӣ׺쳿Ծ˵
䣡
޴ϲãھԵз·Ҫը
ߣŴͣ۾ˡ졣
տʣȻҪԽΪӣһֱӾ״ӣ
տʵĵȻ٣Ҫ˵״ӣھ֮ǰҲֻ߸ң߸֮УѾ֮ΨһѾŶȻδ̤ΣսȴǳͨĴߡ
ֻǡ
տʣΪҪԽΪӣѵտʲ֪ԽΪǶȼ壬ϣﵽ
ܣⲻܣ˻𣬱ޱ
ȷʵû뵽տʣȻԽΪ״ӡտʣǧûκεˡԽûȼգտʼһǶŵߣ̲סҪΪ⡣
ǣԽѾȼ壬ˡ£˵״ӣһӣտҲӦòῼǲŶԡ
绪ͬͷ𶯡ûôǿң˫Ŀ֮УҲ͸޷˼
տʣλϵһǿߣʲô뷨
׵ĵϣÿˣ·Լûʱ򿪿˵еֻһĿ⣬ۼھԵϡ
Խߣʲô뷨ҵʦ𣬲ǿʦȫƾ㱾ġ׺쳿žԣȾԼ
ԾܾʦôͻᰴʦտʵĽһöɿշԡȻǻڰ롣
ԸʦԵʹ˵
Ļᣬôܻ
ã̸ߣʦż㡣׺쳿˵ͷʵԾ˵
ھͬʦ֮׺쳿ԾԵ̬ȣȻ΢ı仯ԭҲ򵥣ԸʦԺʦˡ
Ҳܸо׺쳿֮УԼ׽˼֡
ǣӦ
λʦ֣ȴԽȥʦ𡣡׺쳿Եλʦֵ
ʦԱ㡣ˣȺСʦ׺쳿Ц˵

ˣҪԽΪ״ӣ
˭ܸңҲǳ˻þ𣿡

׺쳿žдȥ֮󣬵Ϸҵ
ˣʱȻǲţɽȵĹȻҪԽΪ״ӡ
ѣ֪ܷΪҵȽ󣿡ģķ绪Ŀתת˵𣬿ʵ
绪Ѻ⣿һ£ʵ
ǿԣϣܸ֪ΪտʣԸԽΪӣ״ӡԽã˵˼ڣԽȼչʴа취ָ壬ԽδҲûʲôϣﵽ˰ɣ绪üͷ˵
绪ѣ˭˵Խʦȼ壿Цҡͷ
ʲô绪һ
һ˵Ҳһ
仰ʲô˼˭˵Խȼ壿ǲ˵Խ񣬲δȼ
ǣԽڵڶʮŵʱģֲԲµͷŵ
ǿȵĲһ֮
Ϸҵڷ绪𿪿ڵʱͣˣÿˣԵĻú
Ц˵ԽʦȻᣬֲǷӡôΪ˵ڶʮţԼǰ;أڶʮţжӰ죿ȼ壬ǿǵڶԼΪ
绪ˣ仰ж⡮⡯һ¡
ǰ
ԽͲ󣬵ԸΪȡôᣬȼ壿ֲٱɵľ棬ҪһеĲ
ѵԽûˣ
绪һģϣҲ졣һͷ޷Ƶķ
ãԼǲǴһѵõĻ᣿Խûȼ壬һǶŵľţԼôˣ
Խ񣬱ѹơʱڽаӣ˵ҪԽΪ״ӣԽκԥ


1336 տ
ԵʱԽԵѹ绪ΪԽ϶ԥĵͷӦһǳмԼڹؼʱ档
һԽӦԼΪʦôɽȹտʣҲܴԼǿӡ
ֻǿϧһжˡʱҲΪԽȼ壬û̫ļֵҲûȤԽΪӡ
绪ĿȻŵһʣԽȼ壬ôôǿҵģ
Ƿ绪ʣڳߣ֮߻ЩͨҲĿУ͸Ų֮⡣
Խʦܣ϶ûȼԼ塣һ㣬ǿȷġ˵
仰ܵߣһ𣬾ȻȷԽûȼ塣
ȷ̲סˡ
ʱ˿̣һǷǳѿ
ԾԿǼԵġֱӾвڳߣԽΪӣʱ⣬òš
ֻûܳãտʵ״׺쳿ĵˡ׺쳿Ϣ˵տҪԽΪ״ӡ
ϢƺһˡУǷǳķҲֻޱȱĳšѵȥտʵ鷳
˵ȷԽûȼϾĿ¶⣬ŵ𣬴ѯȷϡ
Ŀһת˿Ṵճһߡ
ߣҲƵŵ𣬵ȵش
ܼ򵥣ţȼ֮ĸԽʦܵϵڶʮţԲΪȼԼ塣Ц˵
ʲôգȫŤ
ȼ壬Ȼǲųϵģڴ֮ǰĲ֪ϢȷʵҲûڵŵʱȼչԼ塣
˵Խʦȼ壬ǿ£ʦǲΪͽġֲһ䡣
ֻؿڱܣ㵱һѪʱԽΪӣֵöǶԽĪĶͣת֮䣬Խͳտʵ״ӡ
ɶ񰡣˻
绪ҲǾþò

ɫ֮⣬׺쳿žԣ
ʦԽѾˡ׺쳿Žɫ˹˵
ɣ֮ڣһԵÿ
׺쳿žԣ뵽ɫ֮ڡԳûĵ̧ͷһۣǰһŵӰֻӰܿռԳһ壬߶Ťģλһǿտʵݡ
оտʵĿ⣬Լ˹æͷ
ǰˣʵҪǿĴڡ
ʦǷɿշ׺쳿ȡ֮ǰտʽķɿշ
ʱտʶĽǣԽԸʦͽɿշ͸Խ񡣶ԽԸʦöɿշȻҪʦ
ţ쳿ȥɡտ¶׺쳿˵ͷ˵
ǣ׺쳿תС˳ȥ
뿪ɫ֮ǰĿ⻹ζĿ˾һۡ
׺쳿뿪ûзԼռ䣬ȥ˵֪ΪʦԽôӡѵԽŻϣʲô˲ĳɼ
ȥʼλʦ֣˽һԽߡ

Խ񣡡ɫڣֻʣ¾Ժտˡ
տʣе
ˡԹ
ʱԵ飬ȽϸӡԽ֣Ǽٵġڿǣǲھͽ˵Ժܻ鷳
Կ뵽ɽǱò˶þҵԼ䣬ھѾ֪Լ硣һɽ˶ôտҲͻ֪һС
ԽԸΪʦ𣿡տʣ飬ȴǼĶö
ˣǷǳԸݹΪʦһ£Ҫ̹סջǾ¼ľտʡ
ţտµ·ûκβ
֣Խ񣬶ǽоԡ֮ԸıֲμŻᣬΪҵɽɽ룬Ҫҵٺܿ졣
μŻᣬ³ģǿҪΪ˱Żһ֣޿ɺǡ
𣿡տ˵֣Щ翣ƢǺܹ졣ӦòԵ޹ʵҪǡԣҲʦֶ԰ɣڱʦ֮ǰǣ
տһ仰Ȼһ


1337 ʦ
տʣĪǿˣ֪Լõ˵ĴУ
֮ǰһֱڿǣôԼԹľЩò׼ǲǸ˵Լõ¡Ҳܲģλտʣ˹ϵгĻ᲻Լõе˲
ͷھԺ֮ת
ȻտѾԼõУǴʱȥϣʵ䷴ˣԴ󷽳ϡ
ˣɽɽ룬ȷʵʦͬšֻǵõС룬ҲͱС˵
ȷʵܵģտһгԼɾ뻢ˡ
һ㶼ɣλտŪԼǾɣָ
տʴʱΧŤĿռ֮⣬ͷųǾվȴһַԹļ¸С
ԵĻտʺÿǣḡһĨЦ⡣ȻˣСֶΡ˵ԼֻǵõУ˵ûȷʦͽϵ
Դˣտ²⣬Ǿ˼άܿ죬ҽء
˵˵ΪһҪɱ㣿տתĿʵ
عˣ飬Ҫҵļ磬һ͵˵Իţ˵
ԼԹľϽһ顣
꾰Ե˵տ΢΢˵ͷ
˵ѹɽ֮ˡҲ²ûĻļ磬Ӧһĵ͵硣ĵ͵磬ǧĵ͵УҲôҵģɽķҵһ͵磬϶ҲķѺܶʱɡ
ԣ㲻ķƻļƻĳ̶ֳ˵ǶһԵϷŹ㣬Ҳˡտʵͷ˵
ԴʱȷտʣӦûгԹھͲܻ˺ɫԼ˵
ֻǣȻϰµġʱҲ֪տʣ᲻ᶥԼ
ֶΣЩںݶˡΪԼĳ״ݻһ͵硣տҡҡͷҲǾ̫ݡ
û˶ʲôŭ
һ͵磬ȷʵʲôǧжٵ͵磿ĵ͵򣬶͵Щߵͨĵ͵ֱ
磬ÿʱỵ̈һЩ͵ʧҲһЩµĵ͵絮
ԣտֻΪֶιںݶȴûиĽС
ԣԽμŻԭѾ֪ˡտһ˫ĿŵͷľԼ˵ԴˣҲ׷㣬ԸΪʦ
Ը⣡æϲİл
տ΢Ц˵ͷֵɽ֮ĶԹҲ޷⡣ɽһʵĴʦֵ֮¡
Ϣʱһ
ɽʵȻ֮ǿȻųһʵ
ڲμŻ֮ǰĽǧʱԶûȥ̽ɽɽκϢ£һԼðȻĴ̽ɽĹעӶ¶ԼСģҲпܱ¶ġ
ԣڴ֮ǰɽɽʵ
һΪ棬ɽ̸һΡ
ԣһܹȡһʱ䡣һڣҾ֤ɽ֡һ󣬾ҪԼˡտʵҲ
һꡭ԰ĥ֡
˵һɲ㳤˵񣬾ǶһԣһʱҲܿͻȥ
ھԿһʱ㹻ˡֻҪԼܴﵽĲΣս˵ܻɽ룬Ҳǰûзء
лʦæл

ɽȣӴĵ֮ϡ
ʦ֣˵Խ񣬵˵ڶʮţ׺쳿ϣСſǲ˼֮ɫ
⻹м٣ˣĿáָܵڶ˵
⡭⡭׺쳿û뵽ǸԽߣȻܹǶš
׺쳿Ҳǹţ֮ãֻﵽʮǵʮţûܵȥһˡ
׺쳿Լ츳һֱǱȽŵġȻˣ츳ǿҲܳΪտʵ״ӡ
ɴʱ׺쳿˵ԵǶţлˣ޷Ե츳жߣ
ѹ֣ѹʦ˿ԽԽ񲻰ʦҲһöɿշݴǶ״Ӷûеġ
ʱ򣬵׺쳿״ӣ˲Ӧһǵʦտʵ
Խ񣿾ԣǾԣ
ԳΪǵİʦˣ


1338 ʦ
ʱֻҪɽȵģտʵ״ӻǼӣյһ
ԣտʵĵڰ״ӡ
λͬ
ʱܵһ֣Цݡ
ԣҲǲμŻԽߣѾʽʦտʣΪտʵڰ״ӣ𣬽Ϣ֪ڵԼڵܴڵߡ
İʦˣ
ԣԭμŻᣬԽ֡
Ȼûй˼ⶼ״ˣӦгôɡ
Ե壬Ӧûȼհɡȼ壬⾰ԾԲˡˣҲΪ״ӣӶѡ
ڳЩڵóӶˡ
һ
ͨη±桢۾һʵ𣬿Ҳ̫ࡣѵΪ˾Ϊӣǲ
˵һԳΪսضɴﵽһΣһʱ
ȻĮһ֮£صȴǻں޽ӵ

ɫ
ԣöɿշƶɣ㡣סͷáտһӣڿռڵķɿշ㵽˾ǰ
ǰö۵ԵҲβסĻȡ
ǰ˵ķɿշδлۼ˷ɿշһܵõöտƵķɿշ
ֱ˵ڶ
𡢷绪ǿߣһöɿշҲܱϧǣɿշֻʹһΡһ󣬾ͳױˡ
лʦԸмĵл
˷ɿշɿշֱû뵽Ե֮ڣʱԼ
ŵھɿշտʵĿ
æ׼
ͬʱһɺ嫵Ϣ̺Ϣ뵽Ե֮С
ЩϢʵ̫ˡΪԵ忰ܣֻ޷޷˴Ϣ
봫ǲһġ
֮ǰŻսϣҲŻߴĴкܶౣġ
տʣ״ӵĴͶԼӵĴȻҲͬ
ǶԲͬ״Ӵݣвͬе״ӣõĻһЩе״ӣõĻһЩҪտʵϲˡ
ŵõģȻࡣ
տʣԾԵĴȷʵûʲô̵ܽԵģޱ
δյʱڽ

Ժݺݵ˦˦ԴʱЩԺˡ
ŵ۽硣
˵ǰصʶһֻھ׵ܹĻôڣصʶվھ˵ļϹ졣
۽ϵ֮󣬿ɼһߣ
ȻĿǰֻ˸ʶԶԶﲻĵز
̫ˡ
ھҲףΪЩߣǳҪһ߰ʦˡдߵĴָ̣ǲ֪ԽʡԼʱ䣬Լ߶·
ԣ
ھԻЩ㱵ʱʦտֿڽ֡
һ;ı
ʹھ磬мǿʦҲܽݴ⡣
ϵѡʦѣ츳ͬߣҼŬ񣬶δܺϵ
˵ģ𣿡տº͵˵
ӽǣԹĹ
ʦտʵ˼ڵδϵҲδؾܳɹ
ƳУ׿ߣںϵһ
ˣȥɡţҲɽ㻹ᣬҪϵĥԼиպϵտʻ֡
ٴι
ֱʱ򣬾ֳû˿ǰʦտʡʱȻտܵĿռȻŤȴǽʦòˡ
һţգ˾Ķǣ
æתĿ⣬ֵͷĵ˺뿪˽ɫ
ܿģص
ʦܣ
ʦܣ
ǵֵ֮ǰԾͼģмûʦҲˣ뾰Դк
ʦ֣
״뾰Դк󣬱ЩˡǾΪ֮ãھǰҲùʦ֡
ʦ壡
ʦ桭
ʦտʼӼЩָ͵ߣ絥ĵӣ絥ӵĵӵȵȡ
ֵúܡΪԱ࣬Ҳ޷һһĻӦֻܶһЩȽҪͬһ


1339 ֿ
֮ϣĹ˷
ЩϲԵģɶǼУߵЩǴе͸ˡ
ǣȻھǰ졣޷뾰ཻþԶԼиӡҲǺõġȽԳΪǿĴͺڵĵһ
Щأֻܼ򵥵ĻӦһ¡кʵ̫࣬ҲƣӦ
мˣǾԲκεġ

λϡ
ֱ֮ǰϤף¶ºЦݡ
ԼкԵúܼ
׿ڵĿֲ˵ǾԵĸʵȻҲǳȻսƥеľŶ񣬵ԾԸֲӦѾŶĲΡ
˵߾ٷˡ
ϼФ£εúܡ
Ҳ뾰Խ̸ϵ뵽֮ǰԼԾԵ̬ȣǵͻġ
ܿһ㣬Σ
Ф£ʱ˿̣Щҵĸо
Խ񡭡ŶԵѣΪԵѵĹϵҺ򣬿ҪˡЦ˵
ڣڽ롣߾ٷɫͨ죬΢΢
뵱Ԥϵʱգ
ִһŻ޷ǿؾԵĵԾԲμŻᣬûһĵġ
뵽λʦĵǶţʦһǿտʡ
۹⣬޹⿴Ÿ߾ٷ˵һ䡣
߾ٷЦ
ֶ֣츸дк
Ҳңæ֡
ԻƺԼΪ֣۾ҲһʪˡܸоԳƺ֣װģǰһ
Դˡտڡ
֣ѣ𣿡ҡҡͷ
ԴǹӲŵˣһֱǳȻ˵˾ϼ޸ĵһһ룬죬ǿܾûμŻĻᡣ
ԲǣԼ顣½ͬǵ
Ŀ⣬ĽĿ졢Ըӡ

ٻȵգʱ
ŲμŻ½뿪ɽȣԵҲ紫
뿪硣
𡢷绪ȵȸ뿪
ԣԼϵļˣʱɽȣա
ҲϼڵĶФһˡϾϼڵĶϼ˶ˣһҲס
ԣ⡣ǣФµˡ
Լһ֮
Ҫǻڣ߾ٷ㵵žԡ
ǰ񺣣ҪƵҩЦЦ
ͬʱҲ˿һԵĿ⿴ԼϣֳһĨΡ
߾ٷȻû񺣣ڱѵıԵֻû뵽ԸոհʦտʣҪһصϼڡ
ʦҲ֧뿪ĥ¡Խ˵һ䡣
磬ȷʵˡǣְݣھ˵δǺ¡һʱڣ̤Σһɽɽ׷ɱ
ʦ˵ˣֻԼһʱ䡣
̫ˣ߾ٷ˷ܵĴ

ľսڵ㣬ͨһžźŵ͵ͨڡ
ĸף󷨣ӦǸ׵İɣ
󷨣ͨͨǵ硣ǣȴ˳ͨ󷨣ǰ硣
ĸףҲ֪ȥôˣôˡ
һӰԴ֮У˼
ӰԱߣվһϮɫȹòŮӡ
ˣǾԵӸ߷оԵŮѩ
Ůѩ˵Ļ߷û˵֪˵һЩʲôĿе˼·ܴ͸գ
ǧˣ
ԴӾ뿪Ѿǧʱˡ
ǵŮѩҲһ񾳽ˡǵĶӾƣͬҲڲǰﵽһ񾳽硣
߷һΣδŶһͬǰ硣ǵ磬ҪǿΪ롣ңȻӾԵĸ׳õһЩϢվ˵һǳİĵط
Ҳ֪ԼķԣôˡԣֻŮѩ
ѩ߰ɣǺܼܿ㸸ˡ߷¶ǳǳ΢ЦԾѩ˵
ãǾͿ㵽磬ҵסѩǼ


1340 
֮
߷;ѩˣͨǰйݹ
ĸףǰͨڰɣȥˡѩָǰĹ˵
ѩԸƽʱǱȽġΪִ磬ܾ֮ͻ׾ԣΪ
Ӧˣ߷ЦŮͷ
ˣͬʱ˳ȥ
߷;ѩ˴ͨ˲䣬֮䣬һŷŻɫĹαֶס
ʶתֵЧͷ·𵱳Ըոյʱһ
߷;ѩܿͷ֣޷ֹ͸ԼԿֲٶȸԼǾˣӦþĻ֮
ǵǴӳǿУ֪Ļ֮
ಣ
ڸ߷;ѩԡ֮ʱ򣬴ڣɳʮӰ

ˣͬһ͵硣
ţ
һžŵ͵磬ǾԳϵˣ
ˣ
񹬵ľŽߵļˣϳ˸߷;ѩ
Ե뿪ʱФӢʦйФӢʦֹעһڵһžźŵ͵ߡ
ҲԼϵܵ˵Ļ񣬶ФӢʦ֡
ļߣ߷˵Ļԣϳ߷;ѩ֪Ǿ̫ϳϵˡ
⼸ߵĶӳǵԵ
ȡѶʯֱӾ͸ФӢصѶϢǷ£ȻܴѶˣλ̫̫ˡΪǣһžŵ͵磬ǣԵˣФӢĴѶʯԼӡǡ
ڣ
ʱФӢ̫ϳϺ˾ǣڹۿ紫ݹŻӰ
ڵڶӰ֮ûԵĶսӰԵӰ̾͹ۿ
ФӢͻȻоѶʯ춯
óѶʯһɨ
ţ
ʦܵˣӵ͵ˣ
ҵȥһˣФӢվ
ˣǡһλɻФӢ
ФӢǱ˭ŻӰʲôʱܹġڣôҪ뿪ӣ
ҪҪȥӦúܿͻǼۿɡФӢֻϵľŽڵûн̫ࡣ
ľŽڵ㣡
񹬵ļԱĴӸ߷;ѩɨ
ӳȷŮˣǹԸҪעġһԱȻ˵
ţ˷ԸһǼ˵ټŮˣ֮һĶӳҲǿȡ˴Ѷʯ񹬴ѶϢ
ǲʶѩȴʶ߷㹻ˡ
񹬵ĸ߲㣬ʱҲڹۿŻӰ
ʱڿģǾʼʼͯĶս龰
񹬵Щ߲ûԱˡǣڻ컨¥컨һλáԣڹۿһӰʱ򣬾ϳ˾ԡʱȷרŰ˵񹬴̽Ϣ֪뿪ԲкܴգŻǸԽߣ񹬳ȥľԡ
Ⱥˣںɫս̨ϣɱ֮ͯ𺳿֪
߷Ӱ̫ϳϣ˼߷һӰڣ׵š
ǿߣɱԣҲֲ̫˰ɣӰϵĽϢȴ˵ֻԪ񾳽Ϊ
ţ񹬹ԼĴѶʯѶϢ
عȡѶʯɨɫ΢΢һ䣬һ⡣
λ񹬹죬Ŀ⣬Ӵˡ
ռҪҵˣһˣ͸һɯ}˵ĺ⡣
йڸ߷Ļɽ֮һռ
ռҪԴɽɾȴɹˡ
ռصɽһֱȴɽ˴ӻ֮нͶӰãڵüɽͶӰ¸ɽ˺ɽ˼ŭûгͷֻǣֽһµ񣬾׷׽ˡ
ɽɽųü뾰Թϵܵ˻񣬰Եĸ׾¼ϣĸ׳ǣӸ߷ˡھѩ;ƣɽɽ鵹ǲ֪ķɱʱ򣬾δ
ռ»ص򣬲ɳһЩһǰԵǸ͵磬ֻЩɳȥһȴûܳɹִµǸ󷨣סˣһǿд󣬱յ³


1341 ˭£
ռҲû취Ծѡ񹬣עľսڵһžŵ͵
ռ񹬣ʵ񹬵Ĺһռʲôݣǿɽİ˴֮һɽɽǿĿֲߡ
ռ˵֮òɾʹӦ֮ǰҲõһЩϢ˵ɽм̫ϳϾԵж
ʱͲµռҲԣҾԵ֡
֪ԼӦռҪƱؾͻύ񹬣Ʊؾͻﾰԡ
ǣܹɽǿ񹬵Ǿԣʲô
ҪɣҪ
λʲôҪ˵𣿡ͳǻڴ֮С
ˣԣѾնɱ񡣡һλü˵
ԣֻһͨߣ񹬶κμɵһնɱĿ͵ɾ͵õԼˡ
ǰǶԾԵ֣Աضŭưոݡܻɱʵ̫ǿˣֻ񹬣ҲΣһλ̫ϳϣ˵

񹬵ĸ߲Ա׷׷ԡ˱ԼǣҲ˼ּ֧Եˡ
ʱ칬̧֡
ڵʧ
۾Ŀ⿴ˡ
Ǹ¾ԣǸɽЩǵĳԱʵ
Щˣɫ΢΢һ䡣Ժɽ֮䣬˭£
ԣʵȷʵѾˡɱʵȷʵв޴󡣵ǣΣ񹬣ѵܻ񹬲𣿡
ɽǺǡЦЦ˵ǿɲҪˣ񹬵Ӧɽ顣ɽλΰĴڣʲôӣѵûж𣿡
˵˼ѾˡȻѾвˣԶԶﲻɽ̶ֳȡ
οܽ°ˣ˵һĻᡣɽ棬ʹ͸һϡȱԴĻ׳񹬣ǺɨҲָտɴ顣˫Ŀ֮Уų֮ɫ
Ļںܶ˵Ŀⶼ
ڣ𣿡͸ű˵ĺ⡣
һû˵
ȻҶûǾôɡԣȥһľսڵ㡣£Բܳκβ컰δ£Ӱʧ˴֮С
ľŽڵ㴦
ಣһӰٽ١

ˣ񹬵ļԱˣ̹񣬼˵
ǵݣƽʱ϶ǲܼġΣҲˡ
ţǸɵòԼ˵ͷ
ĿһɨȻ֮ŵĸ߷;ѩ
ʱ߷ѩ磬Ѿ˺üʱʱ䡣
ǸŮˣǾԵĵ¸߷ɣһ֪ʲôˣ;Ե¸߷һ磬ӦҲҪһһ¾ǡ

Ůˣ츳Ҵ񹬸ϵȻͨҰ󣬵ҲкüʱˡŮˣȻڳջ֮˸
û̶֡
ջ֮ʱ򣬼񾳽ǿߣҲִܳϡ³һҡֻȵţŮջ֮ٳֽߡ

ˣ񹬵ĹȻˣԶ˵񹬹죬ת
Ϊλ
粻ƫƫھԳϵ˷ʱĿһֱžԳϵˣһĲ
ô
ѵûע⵽ҵĴѶУҵٴѶȷһΡĵóѶʯ׼ФӢٴδѶ
ʱ죬ȴһһֲѹȻϯ˷ѹ

ǰҲˣŪֶΣĺȵ
ǹֲ̺ѹɱ˲ϢӹߡĸˣһЩͨ񾳽ߣֵܵһǿߵĹ
ȫûκεֵ˵ͱȫǰһ̣ĸˡһ̣ѾΪľʬ塣
Զ񹬺񹬵ĽߣһĻȫһ𣬾ȥ
Ц
Ѿ˺׼ˣɱ񹬵ĵӣ͵ǿθˡ
ƥң
һŭȣ񹬽λô
ФӢͨҰ󣬴͵ո߳Ϳ칥Լ񹬵ĵӣֹ


1342 ûѡ
ӱɱФӢβŭ
Ӱŭͬʱӽƽڵսڵ㴦
һתڵ˽ФӢФӢ΢Щ⣬ͻָФӢȫԤϡ
Ǿ뿪֮ǰФӢнġ񹬽ߣ϶Ҳ˵ò
ФӢþò۾Цݡ
죬ιɱ񹬵ӣФӢ˿ѹмҪըŭһ۱֮ŵĸ߷;ѩֿ죬ͳʵ
С£ҲֵФӢ㷢ôƢ
ǼˣҶвҳɱҲȻȻ⣬ڽ
ФӢĿȼյŭ
Ǽŭ죬ǵĸ߷;ѩˡ
ٷŭҲҪȾ֤߷;ѩİȫ
죬㲻񹬴ţΪˣФӢ˫üһתʵ
ФӢҲʵġ֪ФӢ㣬Ϊ˵أ쳶˳ǣʵ
ФӢ˫ĿĶ졣
һָо죬Ѿ֪߷߾ѩˡΪ΢һ룬ԼҲܲµ
Լ񹬣Ӧ뾰ûгԹġ
ôΪ˸߷;ѩΨһĽͣƺɽˡФӢãкܴĿԣɽӴԾԵ˶֡
Ǹʲô

ô죿ФӢн
սڵ֮ǰδԤϵᷢ¡
ڸ߷;ѩջ֮һսض֡Լǲ죬ɸ߷ѩˣεֵ죿
ޱȽҲõİ취⡣ԮҲ񹬵ˣҪϵҲúüʱ䡣ʱһоͶˡ
ͷФӢԺп˼ֻһѡ񣬾ڸ߷;ѩջ֮֮ǰͶ춯֡
ڻ֮ûʧ֮ǰԲҹ߷;ѩ֮ûˣФӢͲұ֤첻ڵһʱԸ߷ĸŮ֡
ʵФӢʲôͻȻֹˣҪֹûϣɹ
칬λ̫ϳϾԵ׾졣ˣǽǰ񹬡ФӢ˼Ǻ˵˸߷˵ݡ
ԭ۵ͷ˵ɲаӵ͵ǶǿԼѡĴǰġФӢôȻ׵ȻǾԳϵ׾죬Ҳı䲻˸ոշݰ
ңҿǵ츳ǳãֵصġԣֻФӢ˵ǸˣˣҪһġ첻˵
죬ҪΪУФӢȻһŭȵ
ФӢôĿΪУвң
㵱񹬣񹬲ɣҲɫһ䣬ȵ
죬Ӧ̫ϳϾԣѾǲμŻǿߡãҪǿУ׷ĪФӢȫӿ򲻵ѣĲﶯ֡
ФӢΪŴģ
ߣԲμŻᣬȻ֪Σʵǿǿɽ˵ûɽ񹬾ͻԣ
ФӢҾֱ˵ˡŮˣұضҪߡңɾͱĺˣЦ˵
ʹ⣬˺뾰˺ˡ
䣡ФӢˡ
֪˵ٶҲûáʱ֣һ֮ʧʱûһܱס߷;ѩ
ڲֹ죬ǸУôŸ߷;ѩߣ
˱ߣǿ϶ᱻ͵ɽһ߷ѩɽô죿
ԣФӢûѡģڻ֮ʧ֮ǰشҲҪߡ
ҵҪФӢЩ꣬жһХַ̳
ˣǽӽԪεͨͨ񾳽УǶġ
Ľ֣Ҫֳʤǲһ׵顣
ڣФӢû̫ʱ䡣֮ʱʧ
ԣҪӽڵ㴦ͲϵФӢˣͣȥ׷
ФӢּŭ
֮䣬ȵͷųֲѹ
һĿĵĿռѺۣڽڵ㸽ϳ֡תܣµƻŰܿռڵһС
ЩͨԶݵ֮⣬Զ˼սӰ


1343 
ڵ͵ǿߵĶսǼ亱ġһ͵һ̫ࡣ򣬳סڴ˵񾳽ߣҲͼʮѡЩӼϼһҲѳһ
ټһֻʮ߶ѣ
䣡
飡
ФӢʵ൱ɱڶʱֳʤ
ǣһƬռݣȴ֮УԵЩ֧Ųסˡ
սڵڵĵطռݱͱطΪˣФӢŲϳҪսתƣƥͲϵ
ɶ񣡡ƬռڣԽԽѺۣռָٶȣȻûбƻٶȿ죬ФӢǼҧá졣
죬㵽ФӢɫʡ
칬һФӢؼǵݶ顣ФӢʱǵ̬ˡ
ֻҪԸòΪ˸޴Ĵۡ
ФӢĻȴǿЦ
ĿУ˸ĹâФӢ
ФӢҲн죿ߣĶ飬ϡ죬治ںҪҷŹŮˣǳ˵ΣֻҪҽŮץɽռˣɽضдʹ͸񹬡˫ĿŹ˵
㡭ФӢϢ񺣵תƺܵһӰ졣
ƾеĶս֮У侲ȻǷǳҪġʱФӢĸ꣬ʱԼ·֮С
ۣ
ʱ˽ֵĿռ򣬿ռݾֱӴһƬĺڹ⣬ʱ޾
һɹ磬ŰɢϢ
ͬʱ޾֮Уǿ
ֻŵɫĹΣеĿ㴩ȥת۾ʧսڵλá
һĻФӢĿѡɫŰģǻ֮Ÿ߷;ѩˡ
ФӢһȣӰ󣬽ĸȥ
һ̤Ҳ޾֮СǣܻһƬҲɫΡɫգֻ޴ڵʴߵꡣ
죬ҪФӢ̧֣ܻӶĻڿռϣϵıݣٶȻ顣
壬֮зء
ۿŴзصФӢǳЦԡ
ФӢɲܹҡ㲻ֹңŮˣҲڱɶҪֻ֣ܹԼ켥ڽ˵
Ҫ
ФӢչϢһ̣ҲǼٵǿ
ˣ
Ȼȼ幥ң
ǷӣҿɲͬھڣֵƬ̺󣬱ٶȳ񹬽ȥ
ФӢȷʵȼ壬ƴˡȻû뷨һʱˡ
˵ʵͽӽФӢȼ壬Ҳֹһߡ
׷񹬽ФӢʧڴڣŭŴ߶񹬽ڼ̵ʱھͳ״ݻ١
֮Ŀ⣬ֿǼͨߡ
⼸񣬸оФӢĿеŨŨɱ⣬ŵøεѡ뵽ǵĹˣȻôɴˣǼԷŭޱȵФӢ
ФӢˣǡӳоФӢȻɱ⣬æҪġ
ǣФӢȫǻᣬһĳͽ񹬵ĳɷ۳
ֿͶ񹬵ߡ
ǵ£ЩߣɫҰҡͷ
ڣФӢʱȻŭȴûʧȥǡԩͷծ
ಣФӢ񹬵Ľٳ˹ȥ
ͨ󣬺ܿ͵ִųǿҰ
ФӢóԼĴѶʯ񹬵ĸ˷ֱһѶϢȻͨ󷨣ճС
һٶ֮ФӢۣ͵˺ճС
ФӢҲȷĿǰǲں֮ڡǴŻᴫӰ򿴣ǴڲμӵŻᡣ
ФӢֱӵ򣬾ȵڿûлԻ磬ôӺĴ֮䴫󷨣ֱӴ͵硣
߷;ѩ޾֮ФӢ侲󣬾;Ҫ콫¸߾ԡԣ񹬶ûзأֱӵճг۸
ڣԺ͸߾ٷˣѴ緵غһٶʱ䡣Ƴ㹻ľϼ񺣻ָ󣬾Ҳʱ
һգͻȻоѶʯ춯ȡ˳鿴
ФӢʦ֣
ô£ФӢʦôܸҴѶѵФӢʦֵ˺򲻳ɣһԾ


1344 ɱ
ѶʯŵǴѶϢٶȼ죬ȱоϵơ
֮䣬ǲʹôѶʯѶϢġ
ԵԿԼĴѶʯڣФӢʦִѶϢеܳԾ
ѵд·ڳԾ󣬾ɫҲ˫üһ塣
ǳ˴£ФӢʦô
Ա˷䣬ڿռ֮ȥ
ڽ֮⡣
˵ʶԴˣ
ǺǡЦˣЩ꣬ڣ뾰Դʹϵǣɲϵ
ǣ㻹ǸϽ뿪Ϊã
ڵĵӣЦǰòɫ۵ߡ
ڸղţɫߣͼڣǼ˸Ӧ˴룬̳
ǵʣòߣȴѯԽڲڡ
һ⻰˾̲סЦˡ
ԴԽϣҲǾԳ紫֮ڼԳϵˣֱ֮𡣾Գϴÿ˶ǻ
⼸ڵӣҲûжòܸоǰϻϢ
ԣֻô˸Ͽ뿪̬Ȼò߻ȽϾǿȻѳʶڵԽϡ
֮ǰЩˣҲвð侰ԳѵġǻҲţȥͨŷ֣Щ쵰һƭӡ
վڽ֮ǰɫòߣȻǸոյִ򲻾õФӢӰ֪ԻֽԽԲŻֱѯԽڲڡ
ʦ֣
ʱ򣬾һ۾Ϳɫ۵ФӢʦ֡
ǼڵӣʶתͿ˾ԳɫȻһ䣬æʺ
Ķǰһ֣һ󣬵ФӢ
ʦ֣ô򣿡ԿФӢȻΪϲġ
Ǽڵӣʱɵˡ
ԳϣȻΪʦ֣ǣȻʶ
ˣɫˣǿǽλԴʦ뿪ġǸԴ˵ʦŭԾԴ죬ǵӿɾͲùˡ
ԣҿŻսӰ򣬴ϳ㡣ʱһʱڡ
Ȳ˵ЩԣˡФӢҧҧһת
ԵüͷоФӢʦֵ岢ȶڽȼչ塣
ФӢʦ֣ôȼԼ壿ѵΣգ
ʦ֣ʲô£ü
ǽȥ˵Կ˿ΧֶФӢʦֵ
˵ɡԣҶԲס㡣ФӢ飬Ȼ
뿪ʱ򣬾Ҫעڵĵ͵硣ڣǳˣԼûټԡ£ֲܲþ֪
ȥɣԶǼڵӵͷ
Ǽˣʱɴ⣬һתſռ䡣
Ӹ߷Ůѩһٶǰӵ͵硣ФӢǰ龭һ顣
ФӢʦֵĽԵһ˫˿˿֮ӿ
һŭ·ҪըšƲסķ
߷ԡѩŮ
ھȻɣ֪٣ͨߣ֮Уǻʲô³
Զ
Ǹ߼񣬶޾գ˵ͨһͨ͵סʱ䡣
޾ŭϯ˾ԵԺ
ҧݡ
죡
ɱ죬ΪƽءҾԣΪ˷Ϊ˸ɱ⣬Ծ
վھԽǰФӢɱ֮£ȫ޷ƵĲ
ڵʵжֲ
һ֮սľԡФӢԪ񶼲ǣܵסɱܣҺãԵɱⲻȻʱѾˡ
Ҳܿ췢ʦֵݺݵһɱ
ɫȻÿ¡۾ڣѪɫ
ʦ֣ھͻ򣡡ԶФӢ˵
ԵȻܹФӢʦûչ˺Լļˡ
Ȼʦû˵Լȼյ飬ҲܲµФӢʦֿ϶Ϊ£ȼ塣֮ص򣬾ԻҪһЩҩʦָֽ
ԣɽФӢҪԻ򣬶ǵɽǸ쵰ȻҪɱԡڣɽ棬ӦѾ̽˾Ե䡣
ʦֲõģѾʦɽȹʦʦǰѾɽɽ뽻һڣ벻ٶҶ֡ԶФӢ˵
ФӢһ㶡


1345 ս
԰ʦɽȹ
ʦ֣²˳٣̾ͻ򡣡ֱӻӳһФӢʦ
򣡡һʩչ
ФӢֻǰһ䣬գ֮߻ָ
⡭
ǵĿҰ󣿡ФӢ˿ܣ֮ǰȴճд͵ȥҵľԡ
ȷǿҰ
ǰһ̻ڣգ۹򣬾͵˳пҰ
ϴˣ
פشھߣԺǰ
ҪȥճСֱӶ˵
޲̾ͻصҲûЩ˶ຮѡ
ǣžӦ
ͨճС
Ȼ뿪֮ǰҲ߾ٷѶ˵һԼҪ뿪
ճС
ԣȥۡФӢû˵꣬뾰ԵӰʧԭء
޾֮С
ʦ֣ǲۡڣȵҵƶռڡԶФӢʦ˵
áФӢЩԺҲ֪ڲϸʵʱ򣬰վ˵ǡ
Ե΢΢һФӢӰʧھǰǬСڡ

򣡡
֮ʩչ
ûг۵Ĵ㡣
ҪֱۣҸ߾ٷһҾǡ߾ٷۣɱЩ̻۸߼ˣٶҲһΡ
Ǹ߾ٷۣҲоʹ·졣
޾գЩѰ˵ΣգھĿ֮δ˵Ͳʲôˡ
ԵѾﵽռĲΡ
õʦտʴֻصһ꣬Ե򣬲ǰͻƵռΡ
ڿռ䷨ĳɾ͸ߣ͸ɡõտʴľԣڿռ䷨ϣЩ֮ͨܶ
ռޣȷе˵ʵ˲ƶˣѾ˻
֮ǰǵȻڻ֮֮¡ﵽռ޺󣬻޷ԾԵռơ
һռ޵ʩչþԴԽֲľ롣
Լǣʩչʮռޣܴһһڵ
ۣһҪʱ䡣
µʱ䣬ԾʹӺ򣬻صճС
ֹͣ΢΢һԽʦФӢǬС˳
ԣǵˣФӢ˿ܣʶʵ
ճС˵
ФӢŴ졣
ճУ
Ųµʱ䣬ʹңԶĺ򣬵
֮УФӢæͷ꣬Ӧܡ
ճСФӢİ
ʦ֣߰ɣȥľսڵ㡣˵
áФӢãȻĵͷ
ܿ죬˾͵ľսڵ㸽
ʱǱФӢŭ֮´ݻٵ񹬽Ȼάűݻٵӡһٶʱ䣬ûսڵ㣬Ҳû޸
վսڵ㸽Ϣأеɱָ
ޣ
񹬣ɽҲԼԼԼĵ£ԼŮܱ
飡
̽ƣһӡ֣
սڵ㸽Ŀռݣ̼һƬڹӿ󣬱¶ɫա
߶ޣ̽ܵա
һ
ʵҲ֪Ͳҵ߷Ͷѩǣ⻹һ˿˿ҡڣһ˿˿Ҳ׻Ϊˡ
֮Уһ
񹬣Ϊƽأ
ʱ񹬺Ͷ񹬽ߣӸٷɳǣо˿ֲϢ
ФӢˣ
ǰǻǲҪȥ
Ǹ˭
ǿзľԡ
ԵǼ󡣵Ҳ˶ʶ˵ģȴδϳ
˿˿ФӢֿ˿ԣԶţҿ
ʦ֣սɣԶФӢʦ֣ͳ˵
ϣЩʹı飬ŷŭԵЩ
ãФӢصͷ˵񹬿ս׼
áҡҡͷФӢֻҪ֪ͨȻϢȥǡԱҪһ˼ɡ
һ񹬣ȻԷΪФӢ룬ǾѾһռ޾͵ִ񹬶ˡ
Բں˵뷨ԺҪԻǵһء


1346 
ФӢüЩǡ
񹬿սФӢȫ֧־Եľ㾡֮ФӢҲϧ
ǡ
ФӢĿ⿴˿ԣü˵ʦܣ񹬵ʵҲС񹬣ͬΪĴ֮һ̻Ƿǳġ
ФӢ¾Դж񹬵ʵ
ǵ͵ĶҲ̫СĻۣһӵкܶˡĲ˵˵񹬵ĸַ󷨣Ҳƿһ񣬿ܶǵȷ޲ߡ
Ҳ֪ФӢ˼
ʦַģ񹬣һ֮ɽĨƽԲҪ񹬵ԱԵͳУ˰š
ģФӢҲͲٶ˵ͷóѶʯ׼ȸѶ
ʦ֣ʮ֮ҽִǡ˵
ãФӢͷ˵㲻Ҫһ֣ͬҪȥ

ǣۡ
ţ
ФӢĴѶ
ʲô
ȫ濪սսʱ䣬ʮ֮󣿡
ôУϢ̾ͼ
񹬺񹬣һһĴȫ濪ս򶼱ض
ΪȻϣԼ򶯵
̻Ѷ˵ФӢ侲׷˺£ʲôìܳͻԸңеͣ
ì޷ͣսѾڱСФӢǿӲ
ФӢ΢΢ЩãУɫ
ФӢȥ񹬣Ҫһ¡ԼºһЩ
ʱѾǰˣҲ񹬡ФӢһ䡣
֮жϵִѶ񹬣üսϢ򣬶֪񹬼սһս񹬱ĨƽΪ
ФӢѶʯ֮󣬾ԺФӢ˱񹬳
񹬣
죬ڶ߲ټ
񹬣սˡݵϣЦ
ʲô
սǷˣ
ФӢʲôѵ֪񹬺񹬴ս򶼽һѣңö񹬺֮
񹬱𣿡
սϢôڵˣгԾ
Цһ
ʵϵֿԡľսڵ㣬ǸФӢǲϧȼԼƴġ
ֻЩɻФӢΪεһٶʱͺ󣬲ž񹬿ս棬϶һؼأ֪ġ
ФӢǹעһӦòһٶ꣬žս
ѵǸԻˣתͷֻ뵽һֿܡ
ųǵˣйע񹬵ĶߣǸ޻أƣαФӢǸӣ˫Ŀ֮УݵĹâ
ǾĻˣҲûʲô˵ġֻҪ񹬲뿪ŵӲӲ֣ǾԣҲƿ񹬵ķ
ǣ󣬾̫ϳϣʼѶųǵ鱨Ա
ͬʱ񹬺Ͷ񹬣ҲٵõսϢ
񹬵Ĺ͸߲㣬ϢġΪϢ̫˼ˣ£ǲܷ顣
񹬱ǿö࣬ѹ񹬵Ļôսǿ⡣ڣȻǲʵ£ǿսǲӽˮ
Ϣ͸¶ģ񹬽񹬡
˵񹬼ǱذɵġȻȫϧһУҲܾ޴ʧֻ񹬵³һֻҡ
񹬺ͶϢģ󾭹֤ʵȷϢ
Ϣȷ֮񹬵ĸ߲㶼̲ס˷
˵һϢǿԴӴУþ޴ĺô񹬣ҲܿĶһɸ߲׷׳񹬸ȥ
ʱúܿ죬ʮ֮
ĿҰϣӰٴһ˿ٷж
ˣȻǾԺФӢǴľսڵ㣬һ·񹬣δʹô
ԶԶģͿ񹬵ĴԼľߡ
ߣ
֮ϣһߡ
һɺƵϯŴ˹ȥ


1347 
ǿҰǧ񹬵ľפ
ǿֲϯʱһЩΪǿҲһʱӦˣǾֵ̧ĿȥǸûκֵĿܡ
Ű֮£ЩҽеĻᶼûСһӰϵȥʱ䣬һվŵˡ
űصʬ壬Ŀоᡣ
ԺФӢδֱͣǷжȥ
ڳ֮⣬Ѿв˾ۼ
ФӢˣ
ף
ǾԣԻˣôФӢ;ˣ
񹬺񹬵ĹĲٸ߲Ǿڵ񹬵Ĵ٣û뵽ֻ˴Զ
ಣ
һϮҺɫ۵һͳ˳ȥ
ʮ֮ǰФӢѶ˵սһӦֹͨѶʯФӢδ̸Ǹϵ֮⣬ФӢ񹬵ĴԱ
ФӢԳϣ˹˹֡
Ŀ⣬ھԵ϶ͣһᡣŻսӰҲǰֵĶս֪ԵʵѾޱǿԱܶǿߡ
ԼҲֻԪ񾳽ѣھǰ̬ȻǺܿġ
ФӢԻӦһ£ֻǶԵͷû˵κλ
ФӢ˵ĿģӦҲ֪񹬺ʲôìܣ붼ǿú̸һ̸ġǿ¶һЦݡ
ʱҲɻФӢȫ濪սô񹬵ڶǿ߶ûһѵںδִųǵ鱨Աδʲô쳣Ķ
ѵФӢֻӡ⣬̸У֮ԷųսϢֻõ̸г룿аԲ²⡣
ûʲô̸ġ񹬣ؽΪƽءФӢҡҡͷûκת˵
⡭Ի˵
ֱӴԵĻЦ˵㲻ٶ˵ˡ֮£Ҳԭ¡֮ڣ񹬾ͽ׸𡣴ӴԺ񹬡
ԵĻɫѿ
ǳ˳˵ԳϣҺΪѣҲ֪İάġ
ΪѣʡҲԣֻܿűǡģ񹬵ĸ𣬲Ӱ쵽ȶ԰ּᶨ˵
Գϣ񹬲еô׸𡣡ԵҲӲУʱҲһŻðԼѾܿԾҲǳˡԵ̬ȣȴ񲢲
Եһȣһ
֮£Īûκζţ
ҵˣӵ͵񹬹죬ǲҪƤԳ֣ͨ֡ңƽ͵̸𣿡
УѾ㹻ˡҲ㣬ʮ֮ǰѾ񹬲ƽˡҲФӢʦ֣⴫Ѷ֪£
ԣ㲻˵κȰ˵Ļԣ㲻뿴뿪Ҳԡ
ֹңҲԿ͵һǿѹͷų
Ըоѹɫʱһ䡣
˵û񹬹֮£Ҳ˵ˡ
ʱսڵ㣬жպ񹬵ĽߣĿ¼ϢȻʹ˳ȥ
ƽĶۣ֮£ȷʵЩ˲ݡҲܲµôԭ򣬿϶ɽڱָʹ
ǾԣҲʲ
ԣ̾һֿ˿ԺФӢÿ
޷ֹԣԵʵȻ֮ϡԵ̬ѾˣôԾͻ֡
лÿԹֵһл
ʦֻ֣ܿžǣҪ֡ԶФӢ˵仰ӰҲһǵǵĳбԵ

⾰ԣһƿзɣ
⡭Ƿǽǧͣв֪ػҲƿǲػ񹬵Ĺҡҡͷ˵
ǰԵʵӦܿġȻ͹Ǻ񹬵ʵ죬Ҫʧˡ񹬵ĹҲҡͷ˵
ԭΪ񹬽־ģû뵽ֻǾԺФӢˡ
ڲſʼ˵˵޷ƿػФӢֹģ
վԶ˵Ķա񹬸߲̸š


1348 ݻ
ǵıԵ΢ͣһ£֮ϣ壬ǰ㡣
͵Ĵϯѹ˹ȥ
ǧӹ̵ĳУһ󷨣ɫΣҲȻ
춯صܣƺƵܿռ䡣
Ե壬׵壬˲ͱûĹܲƣʴѹ
̧ĿĿһĻ
ФӢͬǹ⻪Ϊʵĵط
աߣĿⷢ
ߣߵǹ֮صĴݶ
ֻһĹΣ·һɿֲݺݵżܽĵطԵӰͱ
̧ţǰ
䣡
һ̤ռֱӱѡӾϱܣԶ˵ˣҡۣ͡
ܣ·Ǳһ޷ƥе˺
һµĿռѺۣϵԾΪģܳ߰ӡ
Ѻ۵Ĵٶȼ죬ʱ䣬ͷ·˳ɸϿա
žžž
֮ģܼıеػһⱬУϵĻΪ촷ۡ
ʱǣѾһƬˡߣ׷״һڳĿաֻһɫӰڴ̤֮һ񣬴޷ƥеݻһС
ÿ˵ͷ
Ǿԣ
񹬵̫ϳϣ
ڣǿйƳػ󣡡
ÿ£ػ󷨵ܣȻͶ޷в
ãܿ
һӰٵԶӱܡһЩٶߣڿֲѹ֮£ΪһѪ
¡
飡
꣡µıըڴݡ
ڣȫ˻ҡһޱȼ̵ĽϵĻΪ촷ʧеϿգͺ춼һ㡣޾͸磬ϯ¡
Ǽʱ䣬Ǿͷ·˼ǲ󷨹ΣʱҲ׵ʧˣܼıըһ̣𽥵ĳ
⡭⡭֮͸źȻĿǡ
ϵĳУΪһƬˣֻоԼֱĿʵõĳУ̳֮һǡ
ٿԵѾľηˡЩңղŵԼûǿԡǵʱûÿǾԺܾܿͻ֣ȿµʵԣܵסһ
Ͷչȫɵˣǵı飬ľ
Ƿţ˵޷ƿǵػת֮䣬Ǿǵע֮³ɷˡ
Ǻεȿµ
ŶǾԣǾŶ񾳽ǿߣ
ôܣһߣ磬Ҳǧʱ䣬ôܾʹһ񣬳ɳŶ
һŶ񣬷磬ǶһʵĴˡĵ͵򣬿ܼǧ꣬ҲһŶή١ڣ򣬾ȻͳһŶ
񹬣鷳ˣ
죬ҪһٶǰԼˡ
Щ˻ûлعʱ򣬾һ粽񹬵ĺɫ֮ǰ
ϼھѸֶ
ޱ飬ֱһӣһɫ⣬񹬽Ϯɱȥ
ɫ֮һɫչ֡⣬񹬵Ľ֮Ǿҵ棬һݶ
صܣƺҪסԡǣ񹬽ӳת˲ͱɫĽ˺ѡ
꣡
񹬽ֱӾͱΪķ۳
֮񹬿ռ䣬¶˳ǿռ֮ڣ񹬹죬ڶĸ߲񹬵ӣ̧Ŀ⣬ľԡ
һĿ֮Уžͷŭ
Ϊ׵Ĺ죬΢΢ţȻĿУȴһ˿ĿֻС
ȷʵûϵԵʵ֮ǿ
֮ǰԺФӢ֮ʱ͵һʱõϢʱΪȻֻ֪оԺФӢ˵þԺФӢӽˮˣѵΪˣܻ񹬵ķ
ãԺФӢˣǵķܻơˣ޷ӽ񹬡
Ź˼ʱ䣬Ծƾһ֮ǻΪһƬ档ڵߣˣҲԶԶӴܳǣңԶ֮ľսԼļ԰
ûˣҾԱͷ
ԣһȣ񹬿ռڴ


1349 ɨһ
ɫ
ձ飬ŤžϢء
ʱ񹬿ռ֮ǵӰѹ
ԣֻñˡ
˵ԴһпѪˡǣԴĵ¶Ů֣ԵѪҺųǵĺ⡣
ɱ⣬Ƿڡ
ԣ
ҳУ񹬣ǲ̫ˣͳŭݶ
Ȼ˵Թ֡
⻰ЦֻЦݣȴ·ԾԨ
֣ҵ֣ôԼ֣죬ձڣ㣬ѷɣԵƽ̺ɱ⣬ȴʵʡ
ϼ̧𣬽֮ϣƵǵؾһâӵлصܡ
Ľռ𶯣ݷ顣գ·޷Ϊʼս

ҵڣ
ԣҲҪǰ˵󻰡֣ͣһԼ̣͵´δؽڡЦ
ҡҡͷ
еĲϼһ£Ϯɱ
ͬʱ񹬵ػܣҲǴ·˸ŨĹ⻪Žγɵѹȹ
ڿһ֮򣬼ѹ񹬵ػܣڽǰڽڰˡ
񹬣ھҵĲһռ䣬·ʱбļ
ô죿
⾰̫ǿˣضǾŶ񾳽硣
ǰ񹬵ػ޷סĹ
񹬵ĸ߲ŵĿ졣ˣѾ˲һٶǰͲϣȥҾԵµȺˣЩޡ
ǿԾľġ첻֣ôϾԣ
ͲӦôӦɽ
ֻǲ鲻˵ٶҲˣѾɱˣ
ɫ࣡
ô죿ô֪ô죡֮ڣܵסԡһػ󱻻ƣȿֲѹ֮£񹬿ռ䶼
ߣûмѡ
ԣ
㲻ܹҡҲûɱӵ뷨ֻ͡ҴʼգҶûжӳֻ֡ФӢңФӢ֣¿ռӱɡ
ФӢӦøΣҪˣֿЦɶҳ
У񹬱Ŀɽɽ֪ΪʵǿѵɽԣɽɽǺǿͲŭ𣿡Բ۾֮УĿԽԽʢ
ȫͲ죬
ס֣ס֣ܸо񹬵ػڿٵıһ󷨣߽⡣
ٶȥֻǼʱ֮񹬵ػ󷨾ͽȫ

쵰Сˣ϶ʹ԰ɣĺãǾǸһˣˣʱһһЩļˡ˭أӦҲǶҪ˰ɣҲ²£ĪŮ
СˣĺãӾӦŪǣԲֶͣ񹬵Ĺˣˣʼ䡣
ԵڣһƬɫ
ƣԿзһƵĵͺ
˻ϣһֲ𶯶
䣡
Ϸռ䣬ֱӾǱռݣֱʧ¶һ޴ķԲ׵ĺɫն
һ֮ڣһеŰļµѹһУֻԶԶĿţȫǸطϢС
ңԶǸе޷һ˿˿ӴǻΪҽ
ֲ̫ˣ
Եʵǿֲ˹
ǾŶʵֻЩŶ񣬶˿ֲʵ
񹬣ӹ̵ػھǰ˵Ĳһ
ԿӴĺڶ֮УɫĽ⣬Ȼ
һ̣ɫĽ⣬ϯ£Ѿ񹬡
ӣ
Ӱ
ڣӰ˷ɴܶȥΪ׵ģ񹬹졣
ţȻ״񣬵ʧȥǡ񹬱ݻ֮ǰѾҪߡԣػ߽˲䣬һͳ˳ȥ֮е߶˼ޡ
ˣΪٶȣȼ塣ٶȵû̫İȻôˡ֪һ׷ϣɡɱˣ϶졣
ų˷ӰԵ˫Ŀ֮УһĿ⡣


1350 Ϊƽ
һɢ⣬ռԶݡ
Ƿ֮ϣɢϢ磬ոʵСߵ֮
ھԵЦ֮С
򣡡
ȵ߶֮£Ƭռγһ˵
⣬Ȼ֮䣬ٶȼǣֻоһɿµͻȻֲԼ壬ƾԼ߶ޣ޷ɿµĹ
ߣݺݵ䵽ϣǶӡǼӲޱеʯ֮С
ֻ򣬾ߣķѣѪѿڣӿڵϻ۳һɫ
ŨѪؼ⿪̶ʱڣ˼

ס֣ԣҴˣҴˣס֡ɽǹɽȼӴܵ죬ͬ޷
˵һͨڵ֮£ЩһľŶ񾳽ǿߣҲɰѡ
֮
Դˣ
ɵģ޹ذǣûǰսڵ㣬涼û
ԣģ񹬵Ĺ
񹬵һȺ߲㣬ధ
֪ˣ
ɵģ޹أ֮ԱǣЦ˵ȥսڵʱΪβֹǶͬ飬ǹҲܶרаɣ
Ǻڣϧˣһҡҡͷȵ
ֱһӣһɫâɽΡ⽣Ӱһٿ䴩һƬռ䡣
Ӱֱӹᴩֿܵ죬䶤֮С
ͫ׷Ŵ󣬽âڣ̼佫еȫĨɱȻϢɢ
籩Եͳ쳹֮䡣
籩ҵı
µһ˳籩֮񹬵ߣԱɱ
ŵʱ򣬾ƾ籩ŵõ־ĳϣһš籩֮⻹Ǿԣһʹطɱˡ
籩Ҳûþʧ
籩ǵĵط񣬻ߣûֵܵ籩ܡߣڼ̵ʱڱɱ塣
̶̺֮䣬񹬵ĸ߲ԱȫϢĴ֮е䵽ϡ
ԵӦһƬѰһЩ©֮㡣Ƿ֣Ǻɨ仯Ϊޡ
ˣ
һսӾԺФӢ֮⣬񹬱ΪƽأԼֻ˲һյʱ䡣
һյ費ʱ䣬ΪĴ֮һ񹬣ͱΪƽء
һƬԫ档
Զ˵סþò˵һ
һս񹬣޷㡣ܹӳȥģֻһЩ񾳽ССϺﵽ񾳽񹬳Աǳˡ
һ㶼ɣǾ뽫¾ɾôЩССϺҲӳ졣
˵ģǶպߣҲ֮ͣг˾ͺȻת
˵񹬺񹬿սʱǻ̲סϲúܣΪһս档Ժ¶򣬽ֻʣǵ񹬺񹬣ɢΪʷ
ô뵽ȷʵɢΪʷˣ񹬣Ǻ𡣲ң֮У˾ϳ֮⣬˰ǹФӢûжһָ
սӿʼǶӦ
ѾΪе񹬣Ȼоšͬǿ񹬣군
Ҫ֣ǲҲ³һֵĻᶼûУ
ǿ϶ģھԵʵǰȫκεĻᡣ
£̫ˣ
Ǻܿ뵽Ժ񹬲ˣҲľ棬һҶЩţֻµһѡ񣬾񹬡ʱƣ㾰Բ񹬵ʵҲضԶԶ񹬡
ʱ򣬾ԵĿ⣬ȴɨ񹬵ˡ
񹬵ȫһ»عæž¶һֺõЦݡǣɲΪ³
ֱʱ壬һµĽӰ֮С
ûһӰ⽣Ӱþöɢʬ壬Ĺ֮ϣȥ̲ס
ʦ֣ʰһ°ɣһЩ˻вٲϣõԵĿ⣬Ӷա񹬵ɨ󣬶ФӢʦ˵


1351 ȡ
񹬹죬м񾳽ĸϵˣҲǷǳԴþ񾳽ߣ׼Ρ
ⶫԼòģФӢʦƿټ񹬣˶˵Ȼơ
۵ĸԴҲһ侪˵֡ФӢʦЩԴڶʱʵһķԾ
񹬵Ųۺġ
աĹˣȵúܡǣʱֻĿФӢѹΡ
һɱ񣬾վ֮У˿ɣԼǵȥ©ӭӵĽǿֲĽ⡣
ʦ֣߰ɣ񹬡ФӢսһ󣬾ԵĮ˵
áФӢͷ
ˣԶԶ˵ͷ
󣬻ӳһסФӢʦ֣ռʩչԺФӢ˾˵֮УʧӰ١
ˣ
ֲ̫ˣ
ǰǡ
ôôǿǾŶ񾳽𣿾ǾŶӦҲǿ̶ֳȰɣ
ˣʶ㣬ܷ˵˵Ǿԣжǿ
ȷ뿪֮ĹˣŸҳۡ
ӦǡӽεĴ˰ɣţ˵
ҲȷԵжǿԼоЩ֮ͨӦҲ˰ɣ
˭뵽һǧߣô̵ʱɳ˿µĵز񹬣ФӢǺáҵĶ񹬣ܽ⾰ڡ񹬵Ĺ˵
ûǾԣФӢΪʦ֣Ҳ£֮ǰ϶ǲĹϵҡͷ˵
ȷʵˡǾԣФӢɽɽ֮䶼ϵġɽɽɳɽ򣬾ҪץȥĿ
Ҳ֪ɽ滹ûĴ㡣ĿʵԶˡ
ˣѾĴ񹬿ɾֻʣˡչɫ˵
˿չ
λͷİɣǾԣʵɱĲء֣Ҳ²񹬽񹬵ƽ顣
˵ҲֻܹԼֶʵ̫ˡǾԵˣͨ߶ѣһǿߣȻ˲ݵĳ֡ң񹬺;ԣҲûгԹ񹬽ձȷʵҲܹ־ĺ֪λĵǡ
˵ҲǣʵҲܿóȻɱڣЩˡ񹬴ߣ˳ˡǾԹЩ˿϶Ӳġͷ˵
ǰ˶ŵͷ

񹬣
֮ڣ񹬵ĸ߲㣬ۼ
ʲôФӢ;ԳϣѾǣ
ô£
ФӢôû֪ͨǳ
Ƕ׼ʱԳô͹;Գȥǣ
ν𸱹ǲ̶
ǣҲ鱨ԱģھԺФӢ֮鱨ͱݵ񹬸鱨ӽС
ʮ֮ǰФӢʹϢڶ߲㣬˵񹬿ս
񹬵ĸ߲֪սԭ񹬵Ĺ죬ԾԳϵֺ󣬱ȫֿ֧ս
Ҳ֪һսܶҲǷǳصĴǣû飬ֶ֧ȫ濪ս
ս񹬵ĸ߲㶼׼ФӢһ
ڣФӢûдǴФӢ;ԳϵǵϢ
ν𸱹˿ӽϣɫҲ̫ÿ
ФӢȷʵûϢҪǰǡţѾͨѶʯѶФӢûõ˵ĻѶνü˵
Գʵǿߣ񹬣ɱԾԳϺ͹˲ӦҲôסǣҲ̫ģҪģǱߵ鱨ԱйעǵĶһ棬Ҳ׼ټܳߣʱ׼ȥ֧Ԯ;Գϡӽϳ˵
ӽ˵öԣǸ˾Ƚ񾳽߶ټ
ʮ˾˾׷׿˵ͬʱҲѶ˾ִ£ټ񾳽ߡ
ϢˡӽɫһȡԼĴѶʯ
ѶϢֱӱŴ˶
ǣѾԴ˹ƣ
ѶϢݣѶϢ̡ܼѶϢݣȴڳˣһ
ǣˣ


1352 ϣ
ǵػԲųǲ
ųǵķ˵Ȼİ
ΪˣԵѶϢ˵ģѾƵϢ󣬲ŶԽ𶯡
֮ǰϢ˵ФӢ;ԳϵִǵôϢ˵Ѿƣ
ǣĪֽģ
˵ǵػ󷨶ûп񹬣ô޴
ȷһ£ӽϣӴлع񣬶ڳ˵һ󣬱㴫Ѷѯϸ鱨Ա
ȷϵϢܿʹء
ȷʵѾƣҲػ󷨹رյ¡еػ󷨣ȫݻ٣һƬǽ壬
ңֻоԳһ˳֣˲δ빥ʱԳѾ񹬷
֮еˣǺݺݵһһ¶ŵı顣
ԳʵǿӵսҲǿɣѵԳϵʵѾﵽŶ
ûã鱨ԱѶϢٴδ
ѶϢеѾ񹬵Ĺ죬ȫĸ߲ԱԳɱ
ӸղǸǱƵϢ󣬽˼ʮʱ䣬һϢִѾϢ
񹬸ˣ
ƥˣ

ˣ۵СۡڣһֹĳƵա
Ƕƴ׼ˡţǻټ񹬵ߣǳ֧ԮԳϺФӢ˵ģ̶ʱȥ󣬾ʹϢ˵Ѿ
ν𸱹³һ
λƺҪǰˡνŹֵ˵
Ϣ᲻Ǽٵģץǵ鱨ԱȻΪǣܱܿ鱨ԱݼϢǡһ˾˵
ĻҲеȫûпܡ
˵ͷʱ
ৣ
֮УͻȻӰһܲڴ֮е
ʶĿ⣬ȫһת˹ȥˣǾԳϺФӢ
ˣ
ԳϣȻͷ׷׼
ˣǲھǰǣ񹬣ν𸱹ѯʵ
еͷǣϢȻǼٵġϢ˵ԳϺФӢǣ˶صˡ
ѾƥѾˡФӢڰֶ˵
֮ڣΪ֮һ

ʮ
񹬣һЩĿˡЩˣΪ׵߾ٷ
ʮǰФӢȥҾԣֻ߾ٷһѶϢֱ뿪˺򡣸߾ٷѯʾԷ˺£Ѿ˺򣬴Ѷʯǲϵԡ
߾ٷϸ̽ӼڵͼӿеõһФӢҾԳϣԳϾФӢһˡ
߾ٷФӢ֣ӡ֮ǰԶ˵ΪθԭҲᵽ񹬵ĹФӢ
Ͼ뵽ФӢӵ͵ҾԣӦǷ˴¡ԣʹ˼ڵǿߣӺǰ
һ·ϣٶޣ˼ʮʱ䣬ִ񹬡
ԣҲԼŻ飬߾ٷ˼򵥵˵һ顣
죬Ǹ֮󣬸߾ٷŭĵ
ԳϣôɱǱˡҪ˵ӦýнȻҹĥǣ߾ٷݵ˵
ˣȥˡ̾һ˵øһˡ
ʲô߾ٷڰ֡
ԳϣҪ˵Ҳþ˼ʱĵ¸߷Ůѩջ֮԰ɣ߾ٷһת˵
ţФӢʦô˵ġԵͷ΢һЩŸ߾ٷ
ô߷Ͷѩû֮£¾տʴˣδ֮İءڻ֮ߵʱκ˶Ӱ죬ͻ⵽ɡ룬ǵ޾գΣأҲ޷͸֮߾ٷĥ˵
˼ǣԾһ
ڴ֮ǰȷʵҪˡ⼸ʮε򸽽֮УҪҵӸ߷ŮѩټÿһΣǺ񡣽ģҲΪ߷ͶѩӦǲܻˡ
߾ٷ˼ѵ߷Ͷѩˣпû
ԳϣҲҰѻ˵̫ԡҾã߷Ͷѩǣδؾˡ֮֮У϶ᱻ͸Ǳ֮طֿӦûͦġ
ֻǣҪ̽ǵټͺˡ̫ˣ֮⣬ǺĻ档߾ٷҡҡͷ


1353 ڣ
ǻУǴߣҲС糾
߾ٷ񾳽ߣһӶδ뿪緶ΧĪĻ档
ԡĻ֮ǻ뵵һ
ԳϣҪ̽߷Ͷѩټ¾ЩҲġ˵һЩǿʱ䷨򵽼Ϊ̶ȵģضʱݣǷ绪𡣡߾ٷ˵
߾ٷȻֻ񣬵Ϊڴ˼ǧ꣬ʶһЩġ
ʱݣ
ԣʱݣôͿԵ߷ͶѩʧٵĵطʩչܷһЩʲôǣҪʱ䷨򵽼Ϊĵز룬տʣҲδտʾǿռ䷨򡣡
ҪʱݵҪΪΪͷǳǳѣԳϵ츳Ȼ죬߾ٷžԣҡҡͷ
Ҳ׸߾ٷ˼
ʱȷʵȼϣ
ͶѩûֻǱ֮ĳط
˿
Ÿ߾ٷʵ֪ûʲôطþŶ񾳽ߵõϵĻԵ
⼸ʮһֱһ⣬Ǻϵܵ⡣
һȷʵǷǳļѡǾԣҪﵽϵҲǼļѡǰڵٶȣгԴҲҪ֪ɻۡ
ҪĽΪ
Ҫֻɽɱɽɽ룡
ɽֻп̹ǵĳޡ½벻ҲҪȥ븴
ϵĻԵ߾ٷ΢΢һ㶡
Ц
ʲôϵĻԵֻԵĴͲôˡŶж٣ܽģм
Գϣ磬ϰٸսͨľŶǴ඼ǻ˼£ռĿֶΣһ׿ǣȻûܺϵɹΪߡ߾ٷЦ˵
ȿµı޷ߺϵ
߾ٷȴǲ֪ŶߺϵһİֻǣҪһţܹۿһκϵĹ̡
ѵڻУҲûĻԵ𣿡Щġ
⡭߾ٷ
Ŀһת˵Գϣҵ˵һطڻ֮Сطг֮أҲ˳Ϊڣ
˵ǸطźϵĻԵǣ˵УǸطľŶ񣬼ûܴ
Ҳֻ˵ǵطûиϢǲƼԳȥ߾ٷҡͷ˵
֮أڣԵУӿ
Գϣ㲻ȥɣ㻹ǲҪȥ츳ΪϣɱѰŶöˣûҪȥǵطðա߾ٷæȰ˵
ʵû̫ʱˡ
֮ǰҾɽɽгԹҪɱҡҵʦտʣΪȡһʱ䡣Ҳ˵ֻһʱ䣬Ѿ˶ꡣһڣҲܳΪɽɽ϶Źҵġ
ԣǳ֮գҲҪȥһᶨ
⡭߾ٷü
Ƿ֪֮ؾλãν룿ԿŸ߾ٷ
Ҳ֪տʴһ֪ġտʣṩһЩϸϢڳ֮أԳܸһЩ߾ٷҡҡͷ˵
Ե˵ͷ

磡
ԣȥ֮أտ¿ǰͷľԡ
ФӢʦְݱ󣬾ԾͿٻص磬ѯʦտʣڳ֮صϢ
տ˵Ҫȥ֮غüҲ
ǣԵͷ
ʦûκΰգڽ硣ܴﵽ磬ҿ϶޷ֵ롣ԣ֮أҪȥԵͷ³֮գҲҪһɹʣ
ʦָν֮ءᶨ
֮أʵӦýڣһǿϹǿߵ֮ء
ԣƵķɿշҲ޷ȥܾԶҲˡտʣº͵˵
Ѿ̧Ŀʦտµ

ɣġģ͸һ˾Ϣ
ԣվڵıԵǰ޾Ļ档
תһŵĵ磬ޱȵƽ
ҾԣҲزˣ۾ţӴĿһž޴ĵ磬ĬĬתͷ


1354 ֮
Դ߶Ӱٷڻ֮УΪһ⡣
ʱҲʩչռޣǰ˲ơ
УһƬţ֮Ϣ
ʱ򣬿ԿһЩ޴ɫ֮СֻЩϣûκϢ
ûб߼ʵġ
Ľֻǻһѡ
ʵϣĽҲǺӴģоŽ硣ڵ磬ǵ߽磬ΪŽ֮һ
˵ڴ֮ǰҲϹʱڣ཮ڻҪʮ
𣬷ھ֮ǰһĴѡǽ֮УǿڸΪصĴۺսħˡ
ŻħУħܣħɡħޱȵļӲͨħŶ񶼺˷ֺ
˵ħһħǿεĴڡ

Ĵڣףبųġǵ繫ϵĵһǿտ£Ҳûﵽ֮

ԣڻ֮и·ų֮ؽ
ʮ󣬾һƬɫ֮ǰ
ŨϢƬܵ޾ռӡ
µķ򲨶Ƭתš
ʦָӦþǳ֮ˣҲڣˡһǿϹ֮ء
֮УڶŶ룬ûмܴ뿪
վںɫıԵҲĳӿ޷ƽϢ
ಣ
Ӱһźɫ˹ȥ

ͬʱǺɫ֮Уһſֲ
γһ޴ĺɫС
ֻգ֮䣬ͽԵ˽ȥԵӰʧ֮ɫҲȻʧܵĿռ»ָƽ֮ǰûκα仯
ԣͷ·δֹһ㡣
ԱɣֻǰһڣһɺƵѹæڵ߶ޣֵ˷ѹȹܡ
еʧǰһƬʣ޷̽
Ҳ֪˶ãڽָ֮Уܵľӳ
棬ȼյĻ档
Եлָܿռ¶ȣȻߡȵϢ
ɫһ֮еתܣſµ¶ȡ
޾Ļ֮֮УԸоԼԿֲٶȱš
뾡Ƭҵ̫죬ø߼񾧻ָѲת
ӰҲǰ̶
Գʹռޣ֮֮Уռ޵Чۿۡһ˲ƣֻǿԽ˼׵Ŀռѡ
̫ˣ
ͨľŶֻ£յʱ䶼ֲסҪճɻҽˡ𾪡
ڵͲ֪Ƭ֮󵽵жӴ֮̽󣬸޷Ƕ룬弸׺󣬾ͻᱻ޾泹ȼյ
ȼա
ʱ򣬻֮֮УһɫӰӣȴСɫӰȫ·ɻɡһ˫ɫУɱ֮⡣ʱƯڻ֮һֻ۾ڻзеľԡ
ͻȻϣƺ¶һЦݡ
Сһˣ
Сһ
еˡþúþãûˣǼįɫӰӿУͳУ̺˷ܡ
Ӷһֱۡ
ԿУɻ棬۳һ޸״
ˣ
žԳȥٶȼ죬֮УĶȫûܵκӰ졣·ǻľ顣
еľԣͻȻоһļ£һ٣ֹͣĿһ򡣴ǸһֲĶƺԼٽӽ
ʲô
ȫĶһ
ǡ
ԣڿ˼ȫڻ֮еĺɫӰӡɫӰϣԸо˼ΣյϢ
ৣ
ûκγɣ鱦ϼ۶ǸλֱӻӳһɫĽ⣬ڻ֮дȥƵʱ޾Ļֿ
ŽӽһɫӰӣɫӰӱ⣬ֱӻ˺ɫӰӡſµĽâϯɫӰӶʱ⿪ΪĻ磬ɢܵĿռ䡣
Ժһ
ô׾ͱɱ𣿡۾ȻһɫӰӷ飬һ㶼ûɡ
Ծãƺ̫ˡǺɫӰӣΣոоԲǴļ¸оô׾ͱɱ
ţԵ۾֮Բ
ԼĻΪǧĺɫӰӣȻٶָֻԭӡ


1355 
һ
Ȼôɱģ
۹
ɫӰӣ̶Ц
ѽȻǰңҲһЩµġţģһЩ¡ɫӰӣžԣ˵
ֻǶŶԷ˵֪ɫӰӣһʲô࣬˵û
ȻôԶ°ɣ֮أɫӰӣл޸һ֮žԳɱ
µ¶ȣ֮
ɫӰӵ¶ȣҪܿռĻ溣󶼿µöࡣܸоԼͷųٶȻ
ɫӰӣӶл޸žԷɱһ棬Ϊ⣬ԼٶϮɱ
򣡡æӶвϼ
ҲͬʱʩչƵĽѹܿռ⿪һâӭǻײ˹ȥ
ۣ
۵ĽâӴǻ֮󡣲ɫ̺ǿĽâȻʼڣۿɼٶȣϵڻ
ʲôԴһ
򣬾Ȼڣ⵽
ڣͬʱԻоһɿµݶ
飡Ե壬ֱӾͱײ˳ȥ
ȫ𶯣񺣶Ĳ˻֮ϣһѪӾԿ³
סκ󣬾ԾŶɫӰӡֻһԼȻˣ
粻ʹãԵֲ̫ˡɫӰӶžҡҡͷ˵
æ߶壬ƻָ
ʹãֲ̫ˣ⻰Ѫʹã꣬Ѿˡڵõʦտʴ֮󣬾Զʹã˵ʱ޿̲ڽ
ɵⲻ֪ʲôĺɫӰӿУȻֲ̫ˡ
ɫӰ˵仰ٴžԳɱ
ҾͲţ㲻һ˻
һΣֱʩչռޣ˲ƵɫӰӽǰ򱬷ϼֱӴɫӰ֮С
嫵Ľ򱬷
ɫӰӣٴα⻯ΪĻ磬ɢܿռ䡣
Զǧ磬ûκεи
Կǧ磬Ȼٴۻָԭӡ
ɱ𣿡ҧ
۹
Ľ⿴Ʋõļ̫ˡɱңĿЦ
СӣɫӰӻָ֮л޸žԾǺɨſµ¶ȣȵϢȫ֡
飡Լĵסɫ⣬ٴα˳ȥ
Ĺһ㣬ȴ̺ǿһǿߣ¶û
ЩŹ֣
ܣȫûκεɢģڵɳȥʱпת
磬һ˵ԽǿĹɢܾԽࡣɫӰӵĹȫûɢе˹֮С
˵ǾʩչĹԼ߳Чģĳɻĵ
ɫӰӵĹȴоųʮЧġ
ԼĹЧ
Կʼ˼
¡
飡ɫӰӣҵɱ
ȻʱҲ޷ԺɫӰӹ̫вɺɫӰӣҲɱԡÿˣֻҪתȫָ
ɱҲڶս֮УѧϰɫӰӶüɡ
ģһ򡣶սУÿ֤Լ뷨
ף
Ȼ˽
СӣԻ㲻ʼʱĹĳɶЧģֻܱڣȻ˽ӽ߳ɡ
Сӣҿĺܶ˰ɣҵҪֶܼãɫӰӿЦԻӶ޸
Եȷʵǳ졣ҪԺɫӰӹҪܿµĻաǾԵ񺣿ռ伫Ӵ󣬵ҲܲסֲֿġڶսУԻûʱ񾧺̷ָĵҩ
û˵ֻǼĥɫӰʩչĹеĹ۲Ӧ
ʱƣģʩչĹЧĲ֣Ҳ𽥳߳ɣŰ˳ɽӽ

СһĽôô죡
ɶ񣡿ɶ񣡸СӣҷŭˣɫӰӽš
ಡ
Ӱӣڽ֮УתӴܶȥ
ܣһ
֮侲ɫӰɱһҪԭǣȻɫӰÿα鶼ָܻϵϢȴһȼҲ˵ǿԱɱģ


1356 ĥ
ɫӰٶȼ졣
ʶܵʱѾܳ˼Զľ롣
ܣ
Сӣƾ㣬ҲΰĻʮܣߣֻҪʱϢһ£ɫӰӵ
ҡҡͷ
ʱ򣬺ɫӰѾʧڻ溣֮УԵ޷֪̫Χ׷Գƻʮ˵ĶҲǲ̫ܡ
æȡ߼񾧺͸ߵȵҩһ߻ָһ߼ԽƬ溣
ƽδãԵɫٴѿ
ΪԶɫӰԼλó˹
ǼһﲻȥϢȥԮˣԶסеΣǽӽɫӰӡ
ȻⶫɻɣھУǲȫһġԣϳɫӰУһǷŵǸʮˡ
߾
СӣߣΰĻʮǰȡһɫӰӴ
Եɫѿˡ
ʮˣʮ壿
ѵﻹлһȵȣ
Щˣһʮ˶ôѲЩȫˣҪԾ߶ȼУ۾ɫӰӡ
ʮ磬СҲе㱾£ôɱġʮ˶Իʮ˵
ΪԼղűԻҽڡ
ϣʮͺһ
ಣ
棬žϯʮ塢ʮˣֱӶһ޴޸
ȵĻ࣬·ܹپ
򣡡ٶȣʩչֵɫӰӵĹ
飡
Աɡ
ʮ壬ҪȻʮ˵սҪǿһЩǿòࡣ
ԿٷոճֵĻʮս
ʮˣ˵ûСӣȷʵЩ£ȻܵסΰĻʮĹʮƺǵ˵ͷ˻ʮ˵û
ʮ磬ղҾ˵ˣ㻹ţʮ˵˵
һ
ռޣڻʮ塢ʮ˶Իʱ򣬾ʩչռޣɫӰǰܱ
ʮͻʮˣΪǧ󣬺ָֻܿԭ
ɱ
䣡
СӣɹŭΰĻʮ壬
ɫӰӣƬ溣֮Уս
ʱƣԶʹãҲﵽ˾ųҵЧ
ﵽ̶Ⱥ󣬾ʹϵͱü仺
ֽͨԼģŵ˽ʹϡЧ֮ǰԴԼֻɶЧ
ԽʹãﵽЧʱ򣬻ʮ塢ʮͬʱˡ
ɳһϽָĵ
۹ȻСӳ֣ңΰĻʮһˣ
ʮһ磬Сӻе㱾£̫ɱ
ɱ
ɫӰӵΧ
һɱ֮󣬾ԶԽʹãЧﵽ˽ӽ˳ɵӡܣ֮ǰࡣ
ʮһʮ塢ʮˣ
ĥԼʹãǲֻǣ̫죬ҵԴ̫ˡܳñȻЩֱɱңҲᱻĥüгš
Կڻ溣֮д
ΰĻϾˣСӣɣ
ĵɫӰӣΧסȥ֮ǰĻʮһʮ廹лʮ֮⣬ֶһϾš
Ͼŵսǿÿһιƴ
СڰңٻСڡ
ڵԼͽѾ޷סĸɫӰӵΧ
䣡Խ߾ȫ赲ĸӰӵĹ
Сڵĸ֮£ϴٻָƣܵס
֮

ԴӰӵ׷ɱ£뿪溣֮󣬾ԵĽʹãҲǴﵽ˾ųɵЧ
ҺãҺЧģҿ¶Ӳڻ֮еٶ̫죬ȴ溣ٶȣ򶼲ܳ˲ơվڻ溣ıԵعǻ֮еɫӡ
ھ뿪溣֮ɫӰӱûм׷ƺǵĻΧڻ溣֮Сһ뿪溣ǾͲܼ׷ɱ
Сӣܵÿ죡λԳƻĵĺɫӰӣڻ溣УžԴ˵
ЦЦӰӹ˹֡
ʵҲˣЩӰӲҪɱǲκλĻǴӿʼͲֻһһӣͬʱһΧɱˡ
ǴڵĿģӦҲΪĥ½֮صߡ
Ȼߵʵǿ߽ٶȲ죬ôǿ϶Ҳ顣


1357 ֮ص
Խ֮أڻ֮ʱ䣬Ҳͼӡ
⼸ʱսǾ޴ġ
ããڼ϶кܴ
ԾԵĹ֣ɫӰӣƺǶԾԵ˵ͷǽʧڻ֮С
ҲعŸжȥ
ԵķٶȺܽΪ֮أʲôΣڵԼʦտʣԳ֮ص˽Ҳࡣ
֮أһϹ֮ءߣǽģֻ֮µߣŻڽӽʱֱ
ȻʵǿðȻǽ϶֮ءǻ溣ѰľŶ͵סҪ˵ҪЩɫӰӵĹ
˵ֻľŶ񣬲ϣ溣󣬴ﵽĵط
˽ӽһ¡
һ㳡ھԵ֮ڡ
ڹ㳡Եȴһɫ˸ŵĹΡһ֣ƺܵ洫ݳܣȴþԴһļµ
㵭ĹĻûиΣյĸӦҲ˵ĻӦòṥӽߡһ㣬ǻ溣кɫӰӲͬ
ûмȥӽ㳡ǳ˼һΧֵĹ㳡һȦ
һӴĹ㳡ǷһȦķ˾һʱ䡣
ڷһȦ֮󣬾Ҳʶһ⡣
Ǿǣƺֻǰһ·ߣǽ㳡㳡·ߣǷػ֮ػ֮ΪԼҲܴԭ·뿪֮ء
ĿǣܵɫӰӵΧɫӰӵΧ͵·ʮɫӰӵΧǿܼȫֶζʹóҲֲ˶ʱ䡣
ƴˣ
֮֮Ҿʹһһᡣ
֮أԾ׼ǣͲ뿪磬֮У֮ء
˿Ź㳡ܵĹĻӽ
еһûκΣա
ĻӴɣǽ˹ĻĻûκ赲Եͷų
Ӱ΢Ťһº󣬾ԱǴ˹Ļ뵽㳡֮ϡ
ˣ
һȻ䣬Ӷ
Ծһæ߶
һ̣ԾɳΪȻǽԼĿҪԼ

ԲİߵлܡԾԾãӦͷų
Ƭ̣Աǰйȥ
ڳ֮سߣԵ⡣֮ǰʦտҲ˵ˣкܶŶ֮أûܴӳ֮سȥô֮صߣлŵģҲ
ŲǰУԸоǰݹԽԽǿ
ڡ
Զס壬ߣѾǰһЩߵӰ
ǰ֮⣬ӰɱЩܣǴɱеͷųġ
ɱߵΧвӰӦڹս
ھԿЩߵʱЩߣҲǽĿ⣬ȫɨ˾ԡ
ף
ǿ쿴ˣ
ˣⶼ꣬û˽֮صˣ
ƺһСһ
֪Ǵһģ
ಡ
Щߣ˾֮󣬱㶼˷ܵĿžλÿٽӽŻɱߣҲͬʱ֣ͣλó
ɫأʱҲЩšܸоЩˣһǾŶ񾳽磬Ϣȴǿ󣬷ǳֲ˿ԼʦѲ
ЩŶ񣬾Զսǿˡ
һ㣬֤ԵĸоǾǣɱߣǵĹͼĿֲȻ֮⣬Ҳĸо
ûתܣҲ޴ӡ㳡ԵĹĻȻ߽룬ҪȥͲ̫ˡ
ףȥѣ
ܿģʮӰǵ˾ԵĲԶ
ûйԵ˼þ΢һ¡
ǾŶ񾳽磬û
Ϊ뻹ԶþԲܰٷְȷڣЩ߶˽ԾԿ׼ȷжϳЩȷʵǾŶ񣬶һǷǳǿľŶ
һСһ
ôᣬô֮أ
󴳽İɣ
ɾ̫ˣɾͳȥˣЩߣ޹˼ɵھǰ̸


1358 ֵ
ǰԷ·͸ˡ
ǶԾͷ㣬Ǻܻ䣡
ˣһ磿
֮УһߣԾԳʵ
´ӵԶԻߣ˹֣ʾء
ҶǾŶټϾ԰ʦտʣҲ¶Գơ
磿
ǵߣСֵܣγƺһߣ˵ԼԵ磬ʱĵЦ
¾ԣԶԺ߹ֻӦ˵
ߣǻȥġ磬ûߵˣСֵܣǼǴӵġߣָָߵļˣԾ˵
ʶĵͷ
߸ղŵĻѾǵߡһˣȻҲǴӵġ
ļʮߣӦǴ֮صġЩˣԾԿɾûôˣ䵭öࡣ
ǣǶԼ飬֪ǵߣȻҲ䵭ࡣ
ȣǵһˣֺǵģ֪ģΪءԶһˣԺƲƲ˵
ǱҿǶʼɰɣǵ磬жûˣǧꣿһꣿ̫ãӶЩˣǲˣ߳ȣЦ
ǽиǱľŶ񣬡һŤͷûм˵
ˣȣϿλǵ˻ȥɣһѾǳϵľŶ񣬶ԳȰڰ˵
óȶϵľŶҪȶǸǱŶصöࡣϾŶ˵ͷ
Сֵܣߣǻȥ˵ЦŶԾ˵
ȻոյִҲһЩߡʱҲûʣųȵ˷ȥ
ܿ죬˱صһɫ֮ǰ
ֵܣǵ֮ص߾ס֮ˡԺܳܳʱ㽫Ҳס
ߣǽȥ˵һЩֵܴʱ棬֪ǵ˵һҲ˵ġȶԾ˵
һ֮̾һЩӰĴķڳ˳
ףף
ˣ
ǵ𣿡
ȥǰѾĳȵ֮ǰԼĪ߰˸ߵӡһҲʮˡ
һģЩϵϢǳûһߡȻȫǾŶ񾳽磬ɱЩͨߣԲЩ˶֡
λʦ֣ҽоԣӵոս֮زáҲʱ򣬶˿ļ
ԭǾֵܣ
ܺãֵܣҲȻǵֵܣҲ໥չ˲ǡǸֵܣƣһŶ촽ȵžԡ
Ļ˵Ҳ
ûƣҲаʲôƣԣ߼˵
΢΢һǴǬСڣȡһЩƣȻǱȽϹأЯ٣Ͼ֮࣬ҲһЩ
óƣʮŶһ۾ˣǱ飬޲Ҫӡ
ż
ֵܸոչǻǶҽһ£þֵʶһ¡ҿʼҽгȣȶԾ˵
ֵܣҽȪ
ҽк褣
˷׷׶Ծ˵Լ֡
ȻڱԼ֣ǵ۾ȴžеơ
Ȳ񣬾ЦЦֱһ̧
λʦ֣Щƣ뾡ãԴ󷽵˵
ȷʵǱȽĶǵ˾ΣѾʲôˡЩ߼񣬿ܶƣǵΣҲǱȽѡԾŶԣƾ͸㲻϶ôҪˡ
ЩǿľŶ£ϵǾȻ⡣Ȼ֮ضܾã鱨Ӧöкܶ˽⡣
ԣֱӸÿ˶ͳһ̳ơ
ھŶ񣬶ϲ̵Ľ˹ȥСȡһ㣬Ʒ
ֵܣȻ˼ȾŶ񣬶ԾĴָ˵
ƣʲôġҡͷЦ
ֵܣɾʹˣȾŶҡͷ
ǰ磬ƻô󣬵֮أȴĺöֵ֪˵ƣһЩľˮҲǺˡŵ˵һ̳ƣҪҸһ鱦ҶԸ⻻褾Ŷž̳ԾҡͷԵ˵
ʲô⻰۾һ
һ̳ƣһ鱦


1359 ʵ
褵Ļʵþһ
磬һ鱦ļֵǼ侪˵ģкܶͨԪ񣬶δӵк鱦Ƕеԣӵеĺ鱦١
ȴ˵Ըһ鱦һ̳ƣ
ֵܲؾþȣ˵ǺϵܣҵȣҲԸġһȺˣЩߣӦҲԸȥɣ⳵ȵɫࡣ
ȷʵԸ⣡
Щˣ֮Ѿܾúܾˡ
ڴ֮սǰͽ˳֮ءǱ˳ʱ䣬ǵϣﻹʲôƷ˵ǾˮƷǵҩȵԴҲ綼һˡ
˵鱦ʯȵԴȷʵûʲôֵ磬ЩǼֵǣ֮أ鱦Ҫкã
绻һ̳ʵڡ
ȵ˽΢һ˵ҲͻȻˡ
ǣ̫ãҲ̫įˡ
Һã֮أÿϼǧ꣬˽˵ϣһ㶼вƷ
֮ǰȵ֮ԶԾ飬ɲΪǵߣϵƷԭ
ľŴߣйЭ飬۽֮صһߣˣܶ˵Դ
ԵûΪ֪һ̳ܻһ鱦ͺ͸ÿһ̳ơ˵ʵ֮ǰ֪ƷֵҲԥͳȥһЩ
ΪƵĹϵȵ˶ԾԵ̬ȣԵࡣ
ֵܣôоƺϢᣡоϣӦֻмǧɣѵҸӦˣžԣһɻıʵ
ˣҲɻĿ⿴ԡǶãԺᡣ
ȷʵֻǧꡣԶЦЦ˵
ǧꣿҡͷ˵ֵܣ㲻󴳳֮صİɣ֮أǲܿģͻᱻҲ̫Сˡ
ֵܣȷʵ̫СˣȻʱ̣ɺôҲǴﵽ˾Ŷ񾳽磬ѵͲ֪֮زܿ𣿡褵ˣҲ׷ҡͷ˵
ǻΪǲСı֮ɽġ
ԿЦЦ˵ԼҪģ
ʲô
ԼҪ
ô£ΪҪ֮أСѾﵽŶ񾳽磬츳һߣżļô벻֮ðգȵ˵֮أһĹֽ
ҲܹǳԾ
ίʵǣ֮أףҪȥȴǷǳ֮ѡЩ˽ͺܴˣԹܶ취ȥϵ޷ɹʵûа취ž֮
һֻмǧСӣ֮أǻû
֮ǰ֮صߣҲ˼ǧʱ䡣棬ԼϣϵģԲ׽֮ء
ǰľԣȻܵ˶Ժϵĵزֻǧ꣬ͳΪŶ⽫ϵΪĻж
αأ֮ðգ
Ҳûа취ˣҵһԷҪȲüֻ֮ҡҡͷɫЩȻ
Ȼˣ˵ЩûõģҲǺ塣ֵͲõȫˡЩɽǶԷ𡣡ľԼ򣬿ο˵
ֵܣʵһľŶ񣬿޷ͨΧյصִȪЦž˵
ʦ˵ģǻ֮أԿȪ˵
ŶǴӻ֮ģӦǻԵˣȪ˵ͷ˵֮أ߶ֱӽһյءݲ߲ͬͬˣյҲǲһġˣľǳ֮ءˮˣľˮ֮أԴƣ
ܴ֮أֵܵı£ӦǺǿġһľŶ޷ЩյصģҲЦ˵
֮صľŶһ㶼ʱܳûʲôϣġӵмǿʵֶΣǵǴ඼ܴյأ
ľŶ񣬼ٻ֮ءȻǲСĽҲյ֮С
Ҳáǳ֮أȷʵգЩɫӰӣǳ£ԵͷΪȻ˵
ڳ֮ɫӰΧǿܣĺѳ
ɫӰӣ˵ǳ֮飿ڳ֮أ˳֮飿΢΢һ䡣


1360 
ȪˣɫҲԵı仯
ԸоǰʮߣϢ֮ǰһЩ
Щƣѵڳ֮֮ǲģ
ҡͷ˵ĶȫɻɣŻ޸ǿң㽫ǵ飬ȻԺܿͻָˣǶԳΰĻʮˡʮһ֮ģ
ҲȷԼģǲǳȿеĳ֮顣
ԵĻȵӶԲһЩ
ǣֵܣ˼Ĳһ֮飬ǶһĶһۡ
Ծ죬ȵ˿Լ񣬶һı仯֮ǰô⡣ֱ仯ϸ΢Ȼܸо
ţһԳƻʮ˵ģһˣúֽͬһ𹥻ҡΧңҲûܳԵͷ˵
ھԻº󣬴ڵգԼžࡣ
Ƭ̣ȲźһŹֵĿžԡ
ֵܣʵǿЩװ֮飬Ȼܻһ֮Χ
Ҷ֪˵ʲôˡ

еˣп
λʦ֣ѵǽ֮صʱûǳ֮飿üʵ
ҵˮԵģԽˮ֮أȷʵûˮ֮飬ҿܻҡͷ˵
֮أҲû֮飡
ҵһ֮飬Ҳ˲ܻǳ֮սǳֲ

˷׷׿˵
ûյ֣˵Ҳ֮Χôš
Ҳˣ֮ܶصߣյ֮в֡Լ֮飬ˡ
λʦ֣ҸоǵϢǳǿ󣬾һЩ֣֮ҲӦɣ̧Ŀ˵
ֵܣҲ룬ǶˡһֱûܺϵΪھŶ񾳽磬ÿģ޷Ǿǲܡʱ䣬ǵսܲ𣿿㲻ͬȷ˷˵
˵ǰң㻹û֮սȻһءڣǿö࣡˵
ˣֵܽˣڵһɽ֮ǰһ֮صߣһβĻᡣ
£κ߲򣬶þ޴ĺôͬˣõĺôҲͬжջ񣬻ҪԼ츳ͻԵ
ɽҪȥսˡսɹ뿪ֻҪսɹ̫̫ˡǱߣ֪սٴζˣܳɹԾ˵
ˣҲ˵
˵Ľ֮ܽ£Դ϶ɽһЩ˽⡣
ߵԵɽ֤ʵֶΡ޷սɽɹĻԶᱻֱȥ
ŶԪվһ޵ġһ˵һŶ񣬴Լܻʮʱ䡣
ʵϣεҲԪġ
ֻгΪ𣬲بŲࡣȻ˵ԶֻȻ£Ԫġ˺Ȼǻġ
֮أһλϹ֮ء
ֵܣÿһˣֻһβᡣԣһҪȫ׼Ծ˵
ţҵȵ֮ȥ۾𣬵˵ͷ
ѾȻȥŸһʱ䡣״̬ѣʱҲܻĺô

߾ס
ͬ⣡һɫ˵
Ҳûⶼûȹˡòֽһˣǵģһ˷˷Ƥ˵
ֻ¡˵۸ˣһܳߣ΢ҡҡͷ
ɳ֣ǾŴߣͻûд裬˭˵۸أһΣֻǼһЩƵΪע˵ˣǸ˾ԲӦǲǿǣǱȰ˵
ɳ̾һҲٶ˵ˡ
ȻҶÿԣ͹ȥɣǱŶЩȲˡ
뵽Ǹɿڵƣ;Щڸġ
磬̫̫û˽ˣЩˣˡòһˣǸĵߣ
ߣ
ಡ
ߣ׷뿪ԼסĴŵ߾סĴȥ


1361 ս
֮ǰ
磬ʲô˼ɫŶʮľŶ
ȣôʲôдѣǾŴߣǾд𣿡ǱЦЦ
˵ĵǲ
Ŵ类һɽ֮ǰߣ໥д衣
ռôûԾ໥дȡ֡Ȼֻд裬ɱһ㶼ǵ㵽Ϊֹ
дУҲõעͷ
д裿԰Ҿֵдʲô˼ֵܸոս֮أûвҲҾֵд裿Цһ
ȵĻһЩߣҲ΢΢һ졣
ǸǱȴǹŲӺȵߣǵܾǵսǵɡչǵȫߣҪǾϹ
ҲȷʵдĹ
һսһһԾܾӦսҪϹӦս򸶳עͷɣҪȫϹ
ʱߣҲ˶׷׵˵ĲԶΧۡ
ЩߣǰΣеҲˣЩߴʲô̡
ʵߣԾˣҲ۲úܡǶ֪˵ϣ϶ЯٵƵƷ
ǶٻҪƤ˼սˡ
ʱˣȻսһոս֮صˣмǲݣЩʣ˼ҵ߿˲ҪԼȴ
Ǳǵˣ˼սһոս֮صˣһߣЦ˵
ʲô˼ģǵ磬Ҳһ֮صĹֵܳսֵܣǾԣ𣿡Ǳ۾һǵ˵߷˵
˵Ĺȷʵǵһ֮صߣǹҲѾмǧʱˡ˵ֱǿʶˡ
ǱҲˣƤѾҪˣԺסΪƵƷʲô
µģǵ˾ܾӦսһ˾䣬Ҳûа취ǿԷս
ǱȻǵˣǵ˶սôһΣɫĿⶢŸǱ˵
ǱһЦ˵ȣҽ֣ҲСҪȵȹ뾰д֮󣬲ֵ
ģܱܲĥĥģǲүǣˬһɺãҲӦսһ仰顣ǲң䣬ȫϹǡǱֱһӣ˵
˵ʱ񻹿žԡȻܿԵͲӦñȽױʢ
ֻҪԿϳսǾʹ󹦸ˡ
һոս֮صߣô빴Ѿǧȣ⾰ԣڹУӦоͻᱻܣһжŲס
ˣĬĬĶһۡ
ȵˣ˿ԡʱҲ΢΢üҲû뵽Լոսս顣
ҲǺܵġЩ֮صߣȻһʵΪǿ磬һ֮ܿͨʵ
ԼҲӡ
Լŵʱ򣬾Ż֮ͨʵźﵽռʵв
ڽ֮أǳ֮֮УԶͽʹϣֶгĽսܺɨ֮ͨˡ
ԾãԼս磬Ӧ濹ˡ
ڵ磬ʦֵ𡢷绪ǳһһǧȴߣǶڶ֮£һЩһЩǿߡ
֮£Щͨˡ
ھԵսЩɱӦǲ·ģǿܵġ
ʱߣҲžԡҲ⣬˻ľսǾܾ
Զ԰ɣ
ڳ֮УĹߣĿӹԵտˡ
ǵĻУɲأҲɱֵģˡ㿴ɺãԼһ£֮ڣҲܻ㣬ǾΣžԣǸһĨЦ⣬Ծ˵
ԼʵҲʮġԸһոս֮صСӣ֮Լò£һͷײ֮ˡ
ǵĹֵܣôòˣȣǻ˼˵ԴС𣿡ǱŶ˳Ƽڽ


1362 ʮ鱦
ȵˣŭɫŵˡ
֣ΣͷɣȻҲս˾ֵܣǷ䣬ҲᱻȡЦ褴Գ˵
ţֵܵʵȻҲǿϾոս֮أûüǹǵִߣɴ˵ʵڵпɲǵ׵ġֵܣֻǺѵסСҲӦ
ȵ˶֪ڳ֮֮׷ɱܻʵǴ˵ոս֮صʱҪǿܶࡣ
ڲ󣬸ս֪жٱ
ûв޷ƥеġ
󣬳˰нһҲãʱ䡣
ֵܣв̫⡣ս֮أûвڲǰ䣬ˡתĿԾ˵
Ҳ¾ʢĨӣԻп˼
ûֵܣ֮ǿɾȫһˡʱǿԷսЩˡȪž˵

벻ˣôûְսս䣿
Ǿ;ϹɣǱˣЦ˵
֮ǰҲϵΣǲûκΰգ߻һս
˵ʵǽߵλõһ£ӦҲܾս
һսҽˣ
ʱ򣬾ȴͻȻڡ
Ե۾΢΢𣬿ŶĸǱˣͳն˵
ʲô
ԣ㲻Ҫ嶯Ȼս֮Уһ㲻Σաжעģ
ǰЩ֮˲Ҫս㣬Ϊ˶עոս֮أ֪ϱȻкܶƷԲŻἱŹս㡣
ֵܣɲҪϵ䣬֮ٽһǣ
ȵˣ˵ս󣬶׷׿Ȱ˵
Ǳȵߣһ˷Ŀ¶⿴žԡǷţΪҪ޹ˣȴû뵽оԵ˻ʢȻô΢һʹһս
λʦ֣֪ǵ⡣һսҴӦйߣҪӮ߶עҲס˭ʤ˭ܣ˵ԶԳȵЦЦ˵
ԣ㵹ӡܲǱЦ
ϻͲҪ˵ˣһսҽˡ棬˵˵עˡһ˵
鱦̳ΣǱһ˵
֮ǰǵҲ˶ע⡣
鱦̳ƣҲֻһ̽顣Ծöע̫ߣǻԼ
ǱҪƤһӶ̳ƣҲ˼ֵܣɲҪϵոս֮أԺֶսǣûҪһξŪôĶעҿһ鱦һ̳ƾͿˡ̾˵һǱҪֶԾȰ˵
һ鱦һ̳ƣעҲ̫СһɣԣӦкܶɣѵ̳ƶ𣿡Ǳ̾ͷ˵
ʵעֻһ̳ƣǵҲ⡣ڣֻҪעˣͺһҪػǮ
ԣҲ΢΢ҡҡͷ
ԿŵˣЦ˵עЩס
ԵĻǱжһ̾Щʧ
ԣöעٺʣǱٴοʵ
ó̳עǵҪóʮ鱦עǴ΢Ц˵
ʲô
̳ƣԶʮ鱦
ԣҲ̫ˡ̳ƣ鱦ǱȽϹƽģȴҪԶʮ鱦Ǳ˶ҡͷ˵
ҪսңóעҲӦáҪǾ͵Ҳ֮սʱҿԴӦ̳ƶԶ鱦ٴҡͷ˵
Ǳˣдһ
գǻǾÿԴӦһսǲó鱦ʮ鱦ƺû
ã
ԣǿóʮ鱦ԶġǱž˵
Զߣ˶ҡͷ
ǵûоöעʲôƽֻǶ̳ƶעȵúܡ
ΣǱȵˣҪ׬ˣǿ̳ư


1363 ս
ڳ֮صЩߣʵҲһӣܶȥˡ
Ҳ˵طԼԪݽߣ
ԣҪЩ鱦֮ԴͺôƵƷٻһ¡
͸һ鱦Զͳһ̳ϲ㡣
˾ԣƺ˲ƽ
ǰǱǼһҪó̳ƶעȻԥʹӦˡ
ǲǡһҲսһ
һЩߣнһ˾̫ӣҲ˵ԼһӶҪȥˣҪʲôƤ
ǵڽߣҲٶƵİдвˣҪЧµĸǱˡ
̳ưһ룬˾Ѫţ
ǴȾ빴սҲԷս
ֵܣ̾һž˵ǹս
ţѾԵͷ
Ҳɫصĵ˵ͷ
Ŀתһߣȫ·ԿŲɣϢһߡ
ߣ֮ǰԾͼȵ˶ߣ̬Զ𾴵öࡣҲȫɢɣϢߣӦűȽϸߵĵλңżǿʵ
ֻǣߵԪѾˣܸоŵܽΣܺܿҪˡ
ǰȶ߹˹֡
ǵߣҲԳȵ˵ͷǰ߳
ֵܣλǰĹأжսôս˫ҪԼĶעȽǰʱƹֶ֤ܲԾԽܲ˵
ǰæǹ˹
ԾãλǰȻҲǾŶ񾳽磬ʵ¶ƥˡϢǳƳڳЩ֮УλǰʵӦΡ
СĹ߶սԼ˶עĶע̳ƣڿԽݹܡϣ¶˵Цݡ
ûκγɣֱӴǬСھȡ̳ƣݸǡ
鷳ǰˣ˵
ǰڰ֡
ֻһһĴ򿪾̳Ծóƽ֤
Сó̳ƶעûκ⡣½̳պ˵
ٺ٣ǰǹֵܵʮ鱦עĿ֤ƺ󣬵ĸǱŶҲһ鱦˳һʮһ𽻸ǡ
Сѵʮ鱦עҲû⡣ڣҾͰﾰСѺ͹СѣǵĶעԺǶսһὫ̳ƺʮ鱦ȫʤһԻǵ۾˵
ⶼϹˡ
ͬߣսǱ䵱һеĽɫҲδֹκ⡣˶֮Ծأһʵǿһܹˡ
עѾȷˣԣ׼дԣ۾žԣЦе˵
ʱԣЦŻӦ˵
ֵܺ;Լһսλ˵ԶܵǱ˵
ʵ仰ܵˣҲԾĵԶó㹻ĵط㹻Ժ͹ʱʩչֽš
ֵܣҪСġȵȵߣҲɫضԾԶ
Ҳ˽Զĵطս
ԣ׼֮ǰ˵ˣֻҪܽУһսˡ˫֣žԡ
ʱĹɣûܽԼСãԼһУⳡʵĶսֳʤһոս֮صľŶôᣬȻ̫ȡ
֮սѾǳԽͨЩҲδòԷȻȻ
ܻԼ˵ĻЦ˵
˵ͬʱԼĲϼҲ۳֮ڵȻת
׼ˣϢһʵ
Ȼĵͷ
ǣ˫ȻȻûԷ
򣡡Բϼд̳һɫ⣬ŵܣŶĹϯ˹ȥ
мһ֣֪ûС
һд̳֮󣬱˵Ǳ֮µĹŶ񣬾ԶΧ۵ˣҲϷӦ˹ǿԵһԷͬһ㡣̺֮ܣԶ궼սһ¡


1364 ܹ
һܣԲǵеľŶʩչġ
ǵĽ򣡡
ԣʵǿǧͣܽɱ䵽
֮ǰǶСλ˾ԣ
һĿע֮УۣҲȻӿ
Ҳһоһɺ嫵ǰϯǿɱ⣬񶼸Ž
ǿ
ǿĽ򣡡˫Ŀ֮Уɫ
֮еתͬʱֵĺɫҲصɱ
ʱɲӾˡԭΪӣȴû뵽ȴһʯͷҪȥûкڿɲС
һſֲܵĵ⣬뾰ֵĽ⣬ҵײһ
ռ񱩵磬ܿռŰԶսߣ׷״߶˹ײʱɢ
Ե壬ײ֮У˺˼ǹҲɣӰζһ£Ҳͬ˼
ɫٿ
ԶĵǱˣͬ
սΣеƺЩһ
꣬һ˵ʵ
ֻһܣ磬ҲͨȰɣ
ĳȵˣ΢΢Ȼ϶¶Ц⡣
ǻþЩ£ͲôӦһսģڿλֵܣдµˣѹ֮Χ֮л
ʵǲͨˡȥǵжǿʵ
ЩΧ۵ߣת˼ʱ򣬾Ժ͹Ķսȴûκεļ϶
ӰٴζƬռڣȫ͵⡣
ʱ綼˲ֹСϸ˵һսѾˡΪ֮ǰ˵ܵסУ䡣ԼҲЧģɲ˵˵ġ
ʱԺ͹ˣûֵͣ˼
⹴ô˶򣿡ɱ֮УҲüת
򣬵ĿǰΪֹѾʩչ֣⻹鱦Яܣֻյ
˵սȷʵ뺷Һãڳ֮صʱʵҲкܴҪȻδ֡΢ҡҡͷ
ڶսУҲϸķ˹սھԿ磬սӦǽӽΡ
ԵȫƣԳԿĵط⹴յ̫ˣвܡĿǰΪֹʩչ򣬾ˮ򡢿ľеĵ
ԾãӦûеĿǰΪֹδԼʩչܡ
ˣսپԲսϵˮͷǳˡ
ս׵ˮܣԼֻ൱ڵһˮΪд壬ڿѾˡ
ˣʵȷʵǿȻ빴ɱôʱ䡣
ǰ빴ȣȷʵûࡣʱɱȥӦûǻܵġ
ţʱܵסʱ䳤ˣȷʵڹС
ǺǣʵѾӮˡ֮ǰԼ˵֮ڻܾԡڣˣʮҲˣǱǣɴˣΪ˼˾ͺ۸ߵˣ
սߣ̸š
ռޣʱ򣬾˻һȻˡ
ռʩչԵӰֱʧˡ
ǹ޷׽ԵټռޣѾ˻ơǷӦܲԡ
ھʧĵһʱ䣬һֲԤУæ߶ˮƫܡ
ˮǵڶĲΡ
ҪԵڶˮ򣬵סռޣȻһԸˡ
ԵӰֵʱ򣬿ԿԾڹ߲Զˮ֮ڡȻˮƺҪѹƾԣɾԵǽѹȵż
ӲϼϣһƬɫӰӣǽĿ𾪵Ĺס

һսʱ򣬾ǵһʹѹ֮£񱬷СڵҲ뵽˹֮У
ۣ
ӰֱӾͱ˳ǧ֮Զ
ôܣ
ôܣӿУˤ䵽ϣвϵš
·ǣʱԼᱻԻܡ
ѣˣվԭأĲϼԶɫҰ׵Ĺ˵
ʱ˿̣ԶսڶߣһҲĿɿڴ
ǣҲû뵽ôھԵСǻΪʱƣԻձܡ


1365 
˲Ϣ֮䣬빴ս־ͷ˾ı仯
ڹɵǰһ̣ͻȻ֮䱬սǶʼδ
һ˵սһûв֮ľŶ
գžù죡
ʱ˿̣û˿˵ǵ飬ĸӡ
ǵߣǵĸΣ·šͳһţһΡ


ûܣûаܣԣǽս޷ԼԻܵʵźɫҪ뾰ɱ
˫ü
ˣ
ʱһɣĵͺռ䶼һ¡
ǲϵӰߵ˳УĿǿ˾һۣ۾ͨĹϡ
Щǰ壬ԭء
ǵ̫ˣǰҲΡ
һսѾˡ㱻ʵɱѾˣǳƵ˵
ƺ侲һЩȻȻ˫Ŀеĺȴȥ
ҧҧ˵ǰҲ֪ԼôܵġǾԣʲôֶΣ֮ǰֳʵûôǿ
в⣬ɻ
ʵϣڳвˣͬûŪôͻȻˡ
ߣһ˵Сѵʵȷʵ֮ϡСʩչռΣƺ˵ڶˮסյˮҲסռޣ
ռޣ
ʲôǾԣȻռôܣŶͣ
⡭̫˰ɣ
Զ˵Щߣٶ
ռ
Щ֮ض꣬ߣûռǾԣȻռ
ȥռ֮⣬ƺ˵֮£˵Ͳٿصķ򣬶ܵصӰ졣
УСӦʦݣҸܵԴĲ
ǶӦÿסСⳤһĺ鱦Իǵ۾˿еĲϼ
˵ˣʱ޻˵ȻģòԼȷʵǾԶ֡սһҲһ
˵ɱŹѾˡСѣ飬ֻǽɳȥҪѾһʬˡǼ˵
빴ԩ޳ǲȡ죬ϼҡҡͷ˵
Сѣһɽ϶ǵסĽŲˡò˶ãҪǵˡ΢΢ҡͷЩп˵
ЦЦû˵
ʮ鱦̳ƣڽ㡣ǽ֮ǰ˽ݹܵĶע˳ݸԡ
˳ֽӹ뵽ǬС֮ڡһ̳ơ
ǰһ̳ƣ͸㡣˫ֽһ̳ƣ͵ǰ
ǻǵ۾һ¡
磬ƲʲôȴĺöСѣͲˡҲûװģƴǣֱӽ
ԴǿܲҪƣ޷ܾ
Եѣ
ԭΪԵѸս֮أʵӦòôڿǶˣҺûҾԵս򡭡
Եᣬд˵ȿµʵȲ֮󣬱ضͨһɽ
ʱ򣬼ߣҲǰ׷Եء֮УǶ𾴡
λѣԶ˹˹֡
ƻв١λҪҵһ飡۾˵
Ŷ
ʲô飿
Եѣͱˣ˵˾Ե˼ƺǣܴӾУõơ
λõƣԴҽ鱦ϡпʯݵȵȣԶԡһıͰһ鱦һ̳ƺˡ΢Ц˵
ǼϡȱƷһ̳ƣܻһ鱦ֺ£˿ɾûˡ
ԣɲԶڳ֮أᾡȫ뿪ԣⶫһԴһ
ôһ˵ߣ㶼ǳĬ
Ƭ̣Цһ˵Ⱳӣܶ޷뿪֮ˡҪЩ鱦кãԵѣԸ㽻ţ鱦㻻̳ƣ
һڶľŶֱӾȡһһ鱦ݸԣҪȡ̳ơ


1366 
˵һеڶ
˭֪´˽֮أǶԺ󣿿ܼܼ꣬꣬Ҳǧ궼û˽롣
鱦ⶫԼʹõļɣķҲô
ŴһٶߣǴˣóٵĸԴ뾰Զһơ˻¾ԵƲȿֺһξͶһ̳߰Сĵźá
̶ʱڣڸһЩΪۺ󣬾ǵõټ鱦иּĿʯݵԴ
磬һҪôԴס
ٺ١
ǸֵܣҲ㻻ƣ㿴ĸǱˣʱɫҲָҲˡ
ǱǰЦ
¾ԲƻǵߣϾղ˫һЩ϶˵ʵǱҲڵúܣ֪ԵսǿôרŹսǲǽԼȥ˳𣿶ңװʧʮ鱦ǿ൱ʮ̳˰
԰мֵԴҶҪЦЦŸǱ˵
δΪ֮ǰ߶Լս͹ѶԷǲʲô̫ص顣ˣҲҪɱʿɾͲһˡ
̫ˣ
ֵܹȻؽˡǱ˶ϲæΧ׷ȡԴ뾰Խơ
֮
ֵܣȥ𣿡ȵˣھߡ
ǰҸоòˣʱǰˡԵ˵ͷ
Ծֵܵʣһٳһʱ䣬ʵֻЩˣȪ˵
𣬾ǧǸεĴڡ
һŶܱĴڣȷʵǼ侪˵ġ
ţǵʵӦÿԵϵһɽﵽڶɽİɣ褵ˣҲ˵
ֵܣȥ˵
лλʦ֣˹֡
һˣ½뿪סϡ
ɽ֮¡ɽ޴ޱȵĹ㳡ġ
Ŵ߾סĴɽԶҲͰյʱ䲻Ժͳȵˣѵִɽ
ԶԶģԾͿˣһ߸·һܡӦ֮
񳵹ȵȽ֮صߣÿ˶һβĻᡣ˭ֻҪս㶼дȵһǿľŶ񾳽ߣڲ֮󣬱бͨʵ
ٲ󣬼ȥľܳԽͨǴﵽĲΡ
֮ǰԻܵĹŽӽսУǹսֻеƫ¡
ճ˵λǰսƴĻ¶û취
ԣԶԲҲڴ
ֹһᣬһ˱㵽ɽĽɼ
ԿܣμĹתš
ɫʰ쵵ĹΣǿֱǽľˮԡ
ճȵ֮ǰԾԵĽֹ֮ܺӦܡ
һЩ츳ǷǳľŶֹڣкܴϣܡ
ǰ뾰ԶսĹ֮ʩչֻ򣬾йءǲôܡ
Ĳÿ˵ջ񲢲һ˵츳ԽߵߣջͻԽ
ʱƵģڲ֮нԽ죬ܲʱԽ
ЩϢȵ˶ϸ뾰˵ԾҲȽ˽⡣
ܣֲͬԵĹΣҲеġΧģֲǽ֮ľԡмģΪˮԡǻԺԵ
˵λϹϷ۶ɣֻܡܴﵽ£̺ⷨҲΪ
򣬲һ
ǣֻϣ˼£ںϣγôܣĿֲԶԶ
λʦ֣ȥˣƬ̺תųȵٴι֡
ֵܣףˣ
ֵܣŬڳ֮سΪܣ
˶ЦŶԾ˵ΪԹľ
Ҳٳɣһ̤ȥ
ȽģǽǵķΧ


1367 ռ
һ룬ŨµĽԷƶ
ֱƬ򣬾ԲźȻףΪܹ߽Ϊܡ
ͨǲֱӴڵġ
λϹȴԼĿΪߴһǳʺͨĻ
ԶãԼĽˣﶼһĹ
û˷ʱ䣬񣬿ʼ
ʱƵġһߣڽԷڣʮʱûͨôͻᱻֱӴ͵ľԷڡ
ʮڣͨڽԷڣʮʱ䡣ͨɱ䵽ڶֿɶʮʱ䡣
ͨÿɱһΣʱԶʮꡣ
ڽԷ֮У˵ڶͷԱͨʱ򣬾ԾͿڽԷʮꡣ
꣬յͨɱ䵽˵ڶԣƬڣʮʱ䡣˵꣬Եͨɱ䵽˵ʮ꣬ͨﵽΣΪһ
ԣһƬ֮ڣʮʱ䡣
ʱ仺ţڽԷʱﵽʮҵʱɱ䵽˵ڶ
ʮʱȥԵȻǵڶѾӽ
ĸۼľŴߣԽԽࡣڣǵߵۿߣвžǷв
ֵѾڽԷʮʱ䣬ûб͵ľԷҲֵ֪ܲܽͨɱ򡣡
ٹʮ֪ˡɱٹʮͻᱻ͵ľԷ򡭡
ʮʱ䣬
ԣȻڽԷ򸲸Ѿ˳ʮʱ䣬Ҳǳɹɱ䵽˵
ڽʮ֮Уȴûܽɱռ
ռȷʵ̫̫ˡǶھ˵ҲôաϹϷĻڣҲ
һڽԷʮʱ䣬Ա͵ľԷ
Կʼľͨ
ԿľͨĲͨĹơʮʱȥ󣬾յǵľ򣬲δܽľɱ䵽ռ
һʮʱ䣬˵ˮ
ԷʱѾ֮ǰһʮʱ䡣
ԳͨĲ򣬶Ծ˵Ϊɵöࡣһʱ䶼ûõԾ˳ͨڶ꣬ͨɱ䵽˵ڶ꣬ͨﵽڰ꣬ͨΪһ
ֻ˶ʮʱ䣬Եĳʹﵽ˵Ҳ˵ʮʱ䣬ԳԽɱΪռס
ʱһȥ
ڻԷ˵ʮͷʱ򣬵ٴɱ䣬ɹĴﵽռײΡ
ھռͬʱ͵һҲԷ
ڻԷֻʮʱ䣬ͱ͵Եķ
ʱһڶӦ򣬽Ӧɱ䵽ռΣڶӦʱҲ̽
Է򣬾ͬʮʱ䣬˺򣬲ҽɱ䵽˵
Էʮʱ󣬾ԱǱķͳƬ
ˣԲҲͳ׽ˣֻ
ֻ򣬷ֱǵ򣬵ľ򣬵ˮռ򣬻е
ĽĿ˵Ƿ˼˾̾ˡ
ڵľԣҲռܡһһռޣս֮УԾԵսǷǳǿǳȴ뽣һǴĹܡ
ռ򣬱Ǵȵ˾Ես
ֵܣ
ֵܹȻʮʱ䡣ҵˡ
ȻǣЩˣмܲ򳬹ʱģ
ֵܣһǽֻȫ˰ɣ
ǻ˵Ҳ²£Ӧǵ򡢿ľˮ򡢺򣬻еڶĳ򣿾ֵܣҲµöԲԣ
ھԱͳǷΧ֮һȺˣӭء


1368 
˼ڻԷֻͣʮʱ䣬ΪԵĳֻﵽڶ
ԶԴҲһЦ֮δȥ͡
ֵܣʲôʱȥɽѯʾԡ
ڣ˵
Ͼȥɽ
࣬һɫͨͨͨɽ֮ϡ
ڵսӦĶˣһɽΪԼӦܹ
ʲôҪɽ
ֵܣ㲻żġողŲȫԵһʱ䣬Ⱦ֮ȥɽҲ١ĳȵˣüȰ˵
ǿողȥɽЩˡ
ǣɽȻֻһλᣬÿˣҲһܴһΡʧܣͱһ꣬ٴڶΡ磬ҲжԾȰ롣
ʵҲ֪ɽѡ
ǰǿʵҲ޷ͨһɽ
ԻǾھʹɽĸܣʱͲɱĻᡣһʱ䣬Ը˵ʵҲԿɲ㣬֮شϼꡢʮʱ䡣
лλ⣬ѾЦ˵
λʦ֣δɽܳɹҲʧܡҳɹǶʱǾûлټˡ̾һˡ
Ȼʶʱ䲻㳤ԶԳȵˣ֮ҲǷǳмġ뵽Լɽɹô޷ٻصԺ󣬿ҲĻᣬҲЩꡣ
ﻹһЩƣ͸λʦ֡һ֣һ̳̳Ʊ㱻ǬСȡ
ȵˣÿ˶ֵܷ̳ӡ
ֵܣɹͨһɽȷʵûлټˡһף㣬ϣܴȥȳϿҵ˵ĿҲֿ
ˣҲ׷׿Ƶף
ˣҲһЩòԴ㶼͸ɣȴԼƶռڣȡֺ鱦Դݸԡ
Ҳв٣
ЩˣֻЩҲô
ʮߣȫóԼҪԴ͸ԡƣǾͽԼòԴ͸ԡ
Ŀǰ˵л뿪֮صˡ
Ҿ£Գصĵͷ
λʦ֣пܣһᾡʦǴȥ˵
⣬ҲŵԡֻҪضᾡܵĽˣ֮ء
ǿɾ͵ˣȴЦ
жף˵Ļʵǲġ㾰뿪֮أҲܽǴߡԵ⣬Ǹж
أ
أ
һһ𣬿žԣͨһɽͨ

һɽϣ
ಣԿʵǡ
Լյʱ󣬾ͣĿ⿴ǰ
ǰһɫӰʯ˿ԵıȴءΪ˿Ӱ֮ϣȴǿϢܿռתšӰܣռ䶼·Ť
ǰԶӰ˹֡
֪Ӱɽϣڶͨˣ
̧ͷĿԡһ˫۾޸鲻˼Ϣ
ף
ģ˵ĿУĮԾ˵
ԣòǰ֮ءԵͷ˵
ܺáԶҳˣңұȥ˵֮Уվ
ʱ򣬾Կеһ͡ǰˣһɫߡ
䣡
Ҳû˵ϻֱֲϼ߶˻ӳһ
֪ҪͨһɽΨһİ취ǻˡƾ˵ٶûܻˣҲͨ
꣡еһӣһܲ
ʩչĽ⣬˵ĵܺ󣬱Ǳ߽⣬ɢ
ҡҡͷ
̫ˣˣóı°ɣֻͣôһĻȰ㻹ǻȥŬɣ˵·һɲ䡣
Ӱһ˳˳ȥϼնɱ
ۣ
飡
ˣҵɱ
̫ˣһ뾰ɱһҡͷ
ˣ̫ǿˣľ磬ҲǾŶ񣬿Ǹҵĸоȴɲ⡣ĻӶͣ㽫еĹɻĿǰΪֹûʹáңûȫת
Ҹоʩչսƺʦֵˡпת


1369 ͨ
˵ļսһֱڳ
һֱ뾰Զս񲢲Żܾԡ
ԣҲûмʩչܡоԼֻ˶սսɵȷкܴİ
ɱҹ
򣡡Ծòˣ㽫ʩչ
۵Ľâܶʱ͵˺ſռĽâϯȥ
СһǰҵֵĶˡɱ죬ſʼʹ򡣵㲻Դ˻ңǻԶԶ
Цһ
еĺɫһӣɫ߷·ס˾ԵĽ򣬽ֱӱ˺ѡˣԼ磬㽫ԵĽٵ˺ѡ
ȷʵǣ̫ǿˣ
Ҳס޷ͨһŶ񾳽ߣΪ˿ֲԼĵڶԷǰȻֽһ
ռףԽǰյռʩչ
ȵϢƬռڳ⿪ֿµ¶ȣ·ܽһжոɾ
ռĳ򣿡
е˼ˣ츳ǲҿֻмǧͣȴռţܲˡҲкܶܶ㣬ǱȽǿˡ˵ʱƺԾԵ˵ͷ
еĵͣٶҲԼӿࡣ
ԵռףˣȻҲһвռٻӶ֮УҲɢˡ
ʱ򣬾ԵһģҲ޷Ƶ³ˡ
ռĳʩչˣȴȻûʩչܣͽˡˣжôĿֲ
򣡡
ռޣռףԴƴˡ
ʵǿԶԭΪԼڵʵ綼ȡŴľŶУҲӦˡ
ˣԷκܶûʩչͽԼռ׶ԾԣȷʵһСĴ
һŶôǿֵز
˵Ķռޣþ˲ӽˡռףŵһ⣬ļµĿֲܣѹȥ
˵ɫ΢΢ıˣ
ӾԼ˿ʼ˵һΣϸֳصɫ
ֱͣۿһڶ
һĻȻǰһ㿴ƵĹĻ֮ϣȴżȾ˵ɢԣҲĻ֮ϣܵ˽ľˮֽȻͬϢ
¡ͷŵĽ⣬صĻǰĹĻ
ǿƵĹĻϣһĻ֮ˣӰģ
ɹ𣿡
Եɴ۾ĿתĿǰڴš
һǾĿǰʩչǿˡĹܻ˵ĻǾԣĲ֪ԼҪͨһɽ
ŤĿռ֮Уֹ⻪ɢľ
ʲô죬֮У¶һĨ֮ɫ
ˣȻȻվԭءǿĹܣˣûκε˺Զû˵Ӱй˵ļ
Ҳ˵ԼһһĮĹĻȫֵ
ܣ΢֮ȼս⡣
֮У˻һ֮ȫѪҺ·Ҫȼһ㡣
ˣֱ̧ۣԾ˵
Ŀ⣬ЦЦĿžԡ
ˣȷʵͣռ棬ҲǶˡ˵š
ǰ˼ǣ΢΢һ
ҵ˼ǣͨһˡΪʸõ˵ĴСЦŶԾԵ˵ͷ˵Ϊʸ񣬻С㻹ҪͨڶɽͨڶɽǾͿ뿪Щ֮߳Ϊ֮صطˣ
ȥɣɽ棬һͷ󣬱ɵִڶɽһÿͨ
ǰƺûаܰ۾ЩɻĿˡ
ˣ˵ܣ˵ˣһûС
ǺǣܱʩչҾѾˡЦһ
ڻ֮УܹʩչľŶ񣬲ġǣҽѹھŶ¡˿žԼ˵˻ţСӣҲϲİɣ
˵Ŀ⣬Զ·ڻǰԼˣҲǽ֮صλϹ


1370 񺣿
ʱ򣬾ԸӦϵĴϢ
ǿߣ
ˣǾŶ񾳽磬ߡ֮ǰֻǽѹھŶ񾳽뾰Խ֡
ǿٳ֮صϹƺҲҪѰҴߡ֮أĿĲٻ
ˣǣӦλϹһλʹӡһǿǿߣȻֻʹӵݣͨӶ㡣λӣȻˣӦǳʦ
ʵжǿ
棬޵ںδ
ǿ𣬾Ҳ䣡
СӣȥɣٴζԾЦЦָ֣ԼϷ
лǰǣ˹˹̤һɽȥ
ڶȷʵһС͵ĴͷɢŵĿռ䷨
ֱ̤˽ȥ
ǰ΢Ұһ£ȵָʱ򣬾ԾͷԼѾվһµĹ㳡֮ϡ㳡ǰһСöࡣ
ಣ
ӰԾ˵ٶȣߡ
ˣ
ôᣬͨһɽĿ飬
СֵܣǴӺδ
ھǰ⼸ӰȥͶܴˡеϣϢ
ǿߣȻҲ
¾ԣԵԹ˹˹֡
ǰһ߸ˡ
磿СֵܣͬһطһҺɫߣžԹһЦ˵
ܲᣬͨ˵һɽĿ顣ҵ磬Ȼűĵطߣ΢Цͷ˵
ûãԾͶµطһ˽⡣
ڶɽ֮µĹ㳡ϣ֮ǰһֻǰ߸ˡ߸УѾǿߣʣǼǿľŶ
Ҳ˽⵽ΪߣҲһͨڶɽͨڶɽ㲻뿪֮ء
ڵڶɽ֮ǰǿߣҲǺϧȡԼơԵĴ󷽣߸ϼһԾԣϲЦտ顣

һɽ֮¹㳡
ֵܻû
ⶼüʱˣѵֵѾͨˣ
⡭̫ǿ˰ɣ
λҵĴʱ䵽ˣȥɽˡȥֵûͨһɽһ˵ϴδɽѾһʱ䣬ڿԼһɽ
Խֵܣףɹܵˣ׷ף
ʵҲ֪ԽߣǲͨһɽġҲǰ״
ȥҲԽɴܳȥˡ
һʱ֮ˡȻʧˡϣûʲôʧı飬ԭͶԼûбϣЩˣⱲӼͨһɽģǳ漣ͻƵΡ
ֵܣǾֵѾͨˣ
˵
˷׷׵۴ߴ١
Ѿͨˡǰ˵ֵǰͨĿ顣Խ˿˵
ܵߣҲһ
ͨˣͨˣ
Խ֮أٶʱ䣬ͨһɽˣ
ڶɽ֮£
ͬһڡ
һЧǲһġһͷųֻܣ߿ֻ
ڶͷųȴ޾Ũ˼µ
СֵܣֻһΣжջ񣬾Ϳ˵컯ˣվھߣ뾰һŵڶ˵
ھѾ֪ڶܣԶοߵ񺣡
Ե񺣣ѾǷǳӴˡڶþԵõڶο񺣵Ļᡣ
Ȼκߣһλᡣ
Խ󣬾Խȹ̣ҲԽȡ
лϸָ㣡ԱߵĽ輹˹֣뾰һԵߡ
ô輰ڰ֡

ԣڶܸ֮ڡ
žԵĽ룬ռ͵ķԿھԵܣγһСУתţܴЩԿֲٶȣ뾰Եڡ
ֻ˲Ϣ䣬Ե񺣣ޱȵĳӯ
ھûκοƵ£˻֮еڶ̶̵ʱ֮ڣ˻Ҳȫֳ͵״̬
ԸռеȻԿֲٶȣӿ뾰塣תһ񹦣Ҫٶȣһ񹦣ƺΪ
ԵɫѸǺ


1371 Ż
Ŷ񺣣Ƿǳȹ̵ģԳܼǿѹ
ڲռԽ񺣣ȹ̶̳ȾԽߡԵ񺣹ģŶ񣬾Բ˵Լ󣬵ڵ֮У»Ҳ񺣹ģԼȵľŶ
ɼˣڶ֮£Ե񺣣ʱ䶼Ϳʼ͡
ھҵ֮У񺣱ݣǿʼѡڣ˻˶ȶԿΪԼ񺣼
񺣱֮Ѹۡ
񺣱ݵڶ֮񺣿ռĹģ󼫶ࡣ
΢Ӧһ£жϳڵ񺣣Ҫ֮ǰӡ
ǼΪ˵ģ
Ե񺣿ռ䣬ͺܴ˵㵥ĶԱҲܶǿˡ
ڵڶ֮£Բδ̫ʱ䡣񺣿ռ¿֮󣬾Ա㱻ͳ
Ȼʱ䲻ɾսǷǳ޴ġһ
СֵܣջΣ輿ŸոձͻľԣЦ˵
ҲЦЦĿ˵ϸ磬ڶɽôͨʵȻҲͨ
輣δܣǵڶɽ֮µģ֮һ
ܸо輵ǿ磬ȲһҲԲʵȻͨڶɽĿ飿
ڶɽĿһɽǲͬġڶϿģֻǵġһЩսǿľŶ񾳽ߣҲͨڶɽͬսǿߣҲδͨڶɽҡҡͷ˵
ģЩɻ
ԣģ˵ĺѽԼϵڶɽ󣬱֪ˡᳶһ¡
ĹǿڶɽͨĲ㣬ǿܾԶҲ޷ͨ̾һ˵

ڶɽ֮ϡ
ԵӰͦζǰƯŮӡ
ŮӣСŻá
ڶɽ֣赲߹ȥ
ȥɣ㲻ܴͨġŻÿžԣ΢ЦжЦ⣬ᡣ
ԣ֪أžŻá
һжһΰˡڣθˣŻõģ
Ե֮УŻõӰҲڰԵ־·һµʴúۺۣϢ
һصéݣé֮ǰһںߵľ֮ϣŵ͡
ף𣿡ѩߵ§žԵĲӣʡ
ϺԸ׵㣡ӾҲӺ˵
˺ˣ׼극ˣ߷˫֣éǰ
ӣӣŮ
ֻޱȵ񾲣Ÿ߷߷Ҳӡ
ʱ򣬴é֮߳һŮӣǰѩ
ѩЩ񣬿˾һۣƺͷ
ãǵˡѩԸ߷˵
߷죬۾ţǰŵžԣǰ⡣
˰ˣ쿴ǵˣȳԷվҡҡͷĽ


ⲻģⲻģǻþԵģʼ
ھԵϵڶɽ֮ǰ輾뾰ԽܹŻãҲ֪ŻûþСԼӻþгǾ޷ͨڶɽ
ǣʱ֪ǻþȴҲѰѡþ̫ʵˣͬʱеǱĵط
ܶˣ֪ǻþȴҲӻþ֮ҹãһֱþ֮кˡ
ʱľԣһǿҵͷӻþ֮г
ȹһԼҪġ
Ҳܳ
ҵӸ߷ҵŮѩ䲻аѩѩҲ֪ںδҲܳұȥұҵǣһϵžԣڵһжǼٵģôŮˣܾԶҲˡ
ƣƣһŭ
˺ѷεŭ֮Уǰľȴ糱ˮһɢʧ
ŻõӰŻһֱվδ뿪
ʱľŻã¶һ˿ȵı飬žԵĿ⣬͸һֳԤϵζ
Եϣȴ¡
ԣû뵽ôܴĻþ֮ѳŻöԾ˵
ĬȻֻǿǰľŻá
ͨҵĿ飬ԵɽˡŻÿǰĵ·


1372 ϵ
ڶɽĿ飬ߵľߵĵġ
ܲͨڶɽĿ飬ߵΪȻ˵ȫ޹ϵҪϵĹᶨǼһ񾳽ߣ϶ͨڶɽĿܡ
ŻĻþԴѣǾʹžͨ˵ڶɽĿ顣
лǰʱԲŹֶԾŻõл
ŻöԾԵ˵ͷĿ֮תŵ͡
ûٳɣɽȥ
һɽͬڶɽˣҲһС͵Ĵͷ
Խ봫ͷƬ̺󣬾һ֮ڡ
ǰһģߣԴ
оԣ
ܲԴ˿ٳ֮ôʮͨɽĿ顣㣬ȴʱ̵һͬʱҲһ
ˣҽһ£ҽкػ֮顣꿴žԣ˵
壬СһĴڡ
ʮͨɽ飿΢΢Ծ
ţһʮɣǿ˿ٳ֮ؾҲмʮʱˣɵҲֻʮˣͨɽҡͷ˵
ʮʱ䣬ֻʮͨɽ⻹Ǻѹʱ򣬴Զ˵֮ףȴѣûܳ
ʮʮ˴ӳ֮سȥ⼸ʵ̫̫ˡңʮˣɲͬһߡ཮򣬾оŴ硣
ҽ֮صߣԾŴߣǵһɽ֮µǣ㲻཮Ŵߡ
СӣҪϲͨɽĿ顣ôڣѡһѡֱ뿪֮أ̾Ϳȥ
ڶѡܵõһ׮ԵܲܵõҪԼ͡
ڣѡ񣡡
ǰ֪ĻԵ̧Ŀʵ
ȻǼ̳ĻԵǣҪ̳˵һУ˵
ҪʲôԺ΢΢һͣʶʵ
˵ˣȻָڣˣλǿޱȵϹ𡣼̳һλϹһ룬˾Ѫڡ
˵Ҳ򵥣˵ҲѡǣҪڰ֮ڣϵɹ̤֮ľ硣Լ̳˵Ĳž˵
ڣϵΪ۾
ϵɲһ顣ϵɹ̤磬ȻһϵʧܣͿ
κһŶںϵʱ򣬶ȫ׼
ȴҪڰ֮ںϵɹҲѹ˵ѡ񣬾Կѡֱ뿪Ҳѡڰںϵ
ǣ
СӣԵǺѵõġΪԾŶΪͨɽĿ飬ҪĻᣬǲܵġ
Ѿߣƾεͨɽ飬ֱӾͻὫ㴫ͳȥ㡣֮УйĶ԰ϵ˼
˵澰Լѡ񣬿ɻﻰ⣬ؽһ׮Եѵõ˼
Գ
ϵʱȷʵ̫һЩԾԼδȫ׼
Ȼ˵֮ص⼸ʱԼԻãо޴ĽңԼ񺣾οҲ˺ܶ࣬ھͺϵƺԵùڼһЩ
ѡԼ⡣Ҫôֱ뿪ҪôںϵȻ̳˵ĲӶֱۣԾԴߴ١
ѡϵڿǺ󣬾ϵ
֮أҪõĻԵԣηηβˣհǰ˺󣬵Ҳѡ֮ðա
ʦտʣ֮أɾԻ޷˵Ľˡ
ȻѾߵһȻܰ;ϡа߰ʮԿɲǰʮһԱ
ãܺãСӣû㡣˵ʵ֮صʱע⵽ˡʱҾ;ãСӺܲǸӡڿȻûʧѡϵ֮˷ܵ˵
ৣ
ǰȻһ䣬֣ԼѾһ֮ڡ
֮УŻͷ֮дϢĲ
ֻ˲䣬ԾжϳһʥءĻкϵ°빦Ч
СӣʱʼˡһڣϵʧܣûкϵֱӴͳ֮ءϵɹܼ̳Ҽ˵һھԶ
仰ºΧǰ


1373 
ʱ䣬һ߶ԣĺܶݡ
һ֮ڣһֻһԼϵʱ
ʱ仺š
ʮ꣡ʮ꣡ʮ꣡
ʮꡭ
һޣѾԽԽڰڲܺϵôͻᱻֱӴͳ֮ء
ʱٽҲЩꡣ
ʱ򣬾ԾͳԹʹĦʱĦʱ޷ıʱ䷨֮أԳһ壬ĦʱȱҲ޷߶
ꡭ
ꡭ
⾰ԣ޷ɹϵˣģĺڴ֮ڣҡͷЩʧɫ
ںϵ̫ΪˡŻÿһԱߵĺϾᣬܶһЩʱ䣬ܳɹ
أԶµġͲܼ̳˵һ۾Ż˵
ߣ治ࡣҪȵһģֵ֪ö֮ˡ̾һ
ʱ֮ڣ͸֮ۿľԡ
Ҳû취ֻ˵㣬޷ﵽ˵Ҫ󡣡Цһ

Եʱ䣬ԽԽˡһʱ䣬ֻһ궼
ڣŵľԣӿԼ񺣣ˡ˻
ʱ˻ˣȻûκںϵļ
ûʲôϣˣһ̾
ѵҪǿкϵ𣿡ͷתת
ǿкϵΣԸ󡣶ңǿкϵĳɹҲͣǲܳɹǿкϵһʧܣоųɵĿܣ߶
磬ǿкϵһ㶼Ԫ߲Żȥԡ
ǲȥԣҲҪˡȥԣٻܲһһɹΪܣǿɾԪڻˡ
ԣᣬԺкܶĻᡣǿкϵܿĿԣųɡ
ԿЦҡҡͷ
ˣˣ
ִ̫ˣ
ڳ֮أûгΪν֮أѾõ˺ܶ࣬˺ܴջҲֻиռҵ񺣣
㣬ҲﵽΣһҲܳΪܡ޷Ϲ𴫳еĲֻûǵȻԵ¼䣬еĺôһ˶ռĬĬת
˲䣬Խ񾭣ɳȫ˺ܶࡣǷһֱѹžԵִҲɢ
Ϊ
ܵõϹ𴫳еΣ
Цˣ¶ĵЦݡ
壬һ̣ǱÿϬƺô·õһϴӺ
ˣ
е˻ͻȻ֮䣬춯
˿˿Ƶķܣת˻֮ٵơ
ھԷµһ̣˻ǿʼԶںˣ
ֱ仯Զʼδ֮ǰһֱ˻ںϣѰҺϵȴһֱûջ񡣶£ʱ˻ȴǿʼںˡ
ɽˮ·һ壡
ʱ˿̣Ծָо
ĪϢھ
֮ڣ
ף
Ǻϵܲ
ôᡭѵҪǿкϵ
ôɣֲЩԪݽߵľŶߣǿкϵΪ̫޴ˣ
ǰǿкϵǲܳɹġɹļʣһңǿкϵ˵˺󣬺ϵʧܣųɵĿԶ³
ˡŻãǳ֮صػ֮ü̸
Ӧòǿкϵ΢΢ҡͷ
ţҿı飬ƺǷִ񣬷ǳ峺Ӧûоǿкϵԣܿʱľַ˱仯õεԵͷ˵
ϣˡߣĲء˻ڣֻ¶̲סָİɣ˵ͷ˵
ڣͿܲܺϵɹΪˡǳɹܵõ˵ʱɾˡ֮УҲܳƵһǿˡŻ˵
ǰ⼸ʱ˵ǰ཮ܹһشħȺҪ཮һսȻħҲʧ޴󣬽ֻʣԭʮ֮һ཮Ѿǰˡߣѳˡ˵ͷ˵
ڳ֮Ѿʮʱ䣬ǰĴ֮սǲҲֻǴ⼸ʱ֮ص߿˵һЩϢ


1374 
СĵĹ۲˻ں
ʱ˿̣Բܳϸ΢Ĳ
֮ǧ
ڣŵʱ򣬾Ծ͹ĦһκϵḶ́˲ٵĺϵ顣
֮öҲʼںϡ
˻ѾںϣҲں˴롣
ֹˮȴʱ͸񺣡
ʮʱ䣬ҴҶ

ˣ
һöʰ쵵˵
һʰ쵵˻ԣ
񺣣ڣǿϢھԵӿ
ɹˣ
ԣϵɹʽ̤Σһ֮ߡ
һŶ赲ǵԿԽ˹ȥӾŶǶô޴һ
ԣɹˣ
ֻǣտʶ벻ǧСӣѾδߡ
Ϊ֮󣬾֮뷨֮øӡͷ֮·𾭹ѹԶԶھŶ񾳽ʱ
ͬʱⲿӿ뾰ڵ񺣣ӯžԵ񺣡
Ҫġ
ǾԵ壬ﵽ֮κ󣬾Ե壬һɱ䡣ڶ̶̵ʱڣԵܣͱ֮ǰǿ
ڵСڣʩչ籩жǿ£Щָͨܵɱˡ
վ
ȫǿþ̲סһХ
ɹˣɹˣˣһɵﵽˡ
ڴ֮ڵĺ˺;ŻˣҲһЩ𾪵ĿžԵӰ
һСӣ˶ͣģϣһγ𾪡
ʮ֮ǰΪԲܳɹϵˡ뵽ʮ󣬾ԾȻĴӾŶ񣬽֮
Ȼ˵ֻһ߶ԣȴһʵı仯еĲֱ࣬ͻơ
һ֣
ԴӶڣص֮С
Сӣϲ
ϲϲ֮ˡ཮֮УҲһˡ
ŻúˣϲԣϴЦݡ
лλǰûмλǰЯͰҲô̤ΡԳϿҵı˵
˺ˣǶȥɣҴСȥˣ˺;Żûӻ˵
Ť
һ̣Ծͷ֣ԼһطߣվأĿ͸һصıˡ
һĿ⿴ǰԶ
ǰԶϥһӰӰɫۡ
ϣһֲֿ˼ϢƬռ֮ڡܣޱߣӰǰѾΪδߵľԣȻоԼСϡ
ԲµӰӦþǿ֮صϹһ޾֮Уվεΰ
ԿԸӦһӰϣѾûϢȻѾȥܾúܾˡɼȥܾúܾãɢܣþĤݵĸо
Сӣҵˣ𡣳۳һģ𣡡ͳԾ˵
ԹĶŹǼ
ϻҾͲ˵ˣڻϣаӻƿءڵһɽ֮£ѾõֻĶݡڣ֮Уѡһּ̳СƽһЩԾ˵
򣬷ֱʱ䡢ռ䡢
˼ǾԿַ֮Уѡһּ̳С
ͻϣзǳֲաµõһ֣Ծˡʱ򣬵һ뵽ģʱ䷨
ʵ϶ھ˵ѡռ䷨̳лƣϾԿռ䷨ѾһĸҲõʦտʵĴǼ̳Ŀռ䷨Ӧиε
ǣԵһʱ뵽ģʱ䷨Ϊܹʱ䷨нգôҵӸ߷ﻹŮѩ䡣
ѡʱ䷨򣡡û̫ԥͿ˵
Сӣˡһʼ̳УͲܸıˡ˿ԡ
ȷ̳ʱ䷨򣡡Լᶨ˵

ֻ̧ӳһܡ
Ź֮ϣһƵʱ䷨ܱ͵ľž԰ԣ̽ȫſӴ
ˣ
̺һϢ뵽Ե֮С
̫Ӵˣ
ȵʦտʵĴϢҪȼʮϰٱѾﵽΣ׳ǾԸܳ˰Ϣ


1375 
̳ŵһ֮ϣȴǲͬġ
ŵ˵˾һѧϰĻᡣ̳Уȴֱӻ
˵ʱԴ̳жʱ䷨ƿôһ̳̽ԾֱӵõҪȥʱ;
ͬģʱ䷨ƿرԼ̳кôͻʧȥӦı̳
ʱԸо嫵Ϣ뵽Լ֮ڣæϥȥϤոջõ
ҲžԣվԱߵš
֮󣬾۾ʱʱ䷨ϵѾﵽһǳ˵ĵز
Ȼ˵ûм̳ʱ䷨ȫֻǼ̳ⲿʱ䷨ҲþԶʱ䷨գһˡ
ڵ֮ڣڣóʱ䷨ĳһ绪𣬿Ҳ˵Լʱ䷨ϵȫԡ
վ
ͷ΢΢һܵĿռ䣬ʱ䷨ֶĸоЩʱ䷨
Сӣ˵ʱ䷨Ҳ̳йˡڣǴ뿪Ǵסһʱ䣿Цžʵ
ǰǷеڶμ̳еĻ᣿Ҳź
ڳ̳еǿ֮󣬾ԵȻõμ̳Ļᡣ
СθڵǲСһ㣬ͲҪˡ֮صߣֻһμ̳еĻᡣ˵ÿα̳УӦļ١ҡͷ˵
ðɣεĵͷ
ʵ֮ǰҲϵԼ̫ܴμ̳
СӣһҵǿԸ㡣һת˵ܳΪôԻ֮ʱͿ̳˵ȻˣΪǿҲͲҪ̳ˣڸַϵ裬϶Ѿܸߺܸˡ
ǣȴˣ̳˵˵
Ծ˵ЩϢҲһ˽ĵġΪ֮صػ֮飬Ѿܾúܾˣûл뿪֮ء
ǽܳΪ˳֮أҲͲҪػ֮ˡԣǺϣܴﵽĲΡ
ĻԵҲҲ֪ҪΪ̫ңԶˡʦտʣǹϵĵһǿߣҲûдﵽĲΡ
ǰ뿪ɣԶһ˵
ҲûˡڣԵ˼Ѿص˵磬صʱ䷨ϵӦǿضʱ䣬Ȼ󿴵ԼӺŮʧʱ龰
ãȥ˵
һ£üͷ΢΢һ壬˵ǰ֪Щڳ֮صߣǲҲһͬ뿪
뵽˳ȵˣпܣὫȵ˶֮ء
ǲˣΪ֮ءʱˣ˭Ϳ˭˭ȥͿ˭ȥҡͷ˵
˿֮أĿӦӦߣõһϵĴԵΪһҪסЩ˵صأԲüʵ
ڽ֮ǰԶﲢ޶˽⡣ڣԿԿ϶λٳ֮ص𣬾Բһ˼ˡٳ֮أĿӦþ͸ϵĻԵ
ҳ֣֮Ҳ߶ĳƺ
ԵĻƲЦЦתĿžԡ
СӣõһڶΣûֱӻشԵʣǷʵ
߰󡣵һߺֻ򡣵ڶԵڶοߵ񺣡ʶ˵
ţͷ˵ôΪĵطȫ⿪ţ
ȫţ
΢һ£ɫ΢䣬Լ˺˼
ȫ⿪ţԻһѷĽ֮ء
Сӣ
̺ܣ޵ġÿһߵĲͻһ֡
ԣ֪֮һʥأܵõ޴ĺôøκδۡô̺ܾܿûˡ
ˣɲϣϷ۵ķȫһЩͨϡСӣ˰ɣ֮أ뱣壬Ҳǰ־Цһ˵ҪǾԶȥ׼
ǰˡԵͷ


1376 Ϲ
ǣۡ
ڸۡĹ㳡֮ϣǧߡ
ЩڵϵǰһɫӰžƺʹơǰ󣬶ŮСʹȡ
ɫߵӰϣһֲͷųһƬأµȫס
ڹ㳡ǧߣһתܶ˵ˮ͸
ЩˣȫɪɪЩˣĿȴȼ˿˿ŭ⡣
ԣɫӰ۾Թ㳡Ϲݵԣ˵
æ첽ǰ
ݼˣԵǰٴιи
ɫۣӥǵߣȻǹ磬ҲһպĴߡܶˣΪ档
磬Ƕǿߣʵǳǿ󣬶ҴƢͨһԲϾʹ֡
ܲ
߲ܶһ磬һ㲻ʵϵ͵߾
ֻҪЩʵϵ͵߲ǣߣԳݲȥһ񾳽ߵ鷳
ȴһ絽ߣÿһطɱˡԷһСС顣
ʱڳнֵϣһЩߣǶ࿴һۣʹɱ֡
һΪĴߡ
Ҳڸߵߣ˵ǰеڵĵ͵򣬾͸Ϊˡ
ιҲ뾰ֱӵĹϵ
򣬾רҪҾԵġŻ֮˵Ǽĸ߼ʦݻһ¾ԣҪ԰æ
ȥ˺򣬺˵Ի׷򡣿ɵ󣬾뿪ȥ˳֮ء
ûԣǳջס
סҪɾͲˡ
ϵԣ񹬵ȴٵһȵЩ壬ӾͶðˡ
ʱҲˣһһϹɣһƣŵ۾Ŀӹǧɨ
ǣӦһվݵߡ
ϹԳԺ
Ⱥ֮УһӰٱܳ˹ǰֹȥ
ˣҵļһӰļ塣֮ڣ񾳽ӵҲв٣ҼǾ񾳽硣
Ҽչأʮ꣬ӦϹһһ񾧣óɣԶԹҼ˵
ˣˣҼԴڵϣЩ
ʮ꣬ʵòʮ˰ҾŬŴճһ񾧡Ҽſǻ˵
סڶ໹ϵ̨㶼ҪϹϹʱ䣬ʮһΡʮҪϹʮһ񾧡ԽϹҪԽࡣ
񹬡񹬵ȣʮҪϹһ񾧡
棬ס˼ʱ䣬ÿʮ꣬Щͷԣ㶼ҪԵۡϹ档
˵֮ǰҪóʮ񾧻ǺɵġǣϹһξˣʮҪϹһΣҰǰѾɽˮˡϰʱҶԼӵܵԴѾ˺ܶࡣ
ֱһϹòʮˣòײǿճһ񾧡
ŶĿһǰҼ
⻰ʲô˼ͳ
ˣҡңûܴճһ񾧣˼¡һϹһȱٵĲϡҼ˵
û㣿
´βϣϣ¶һѿЦݡ
СӣĪǾҹúŪŪϷǲǣֲ˵
ңңˣѾ˰룬˸һᡣ´Ϲһȱٵ񾧲ҼɫҰס
´Σ㻹Ҫ´Σ
ߣȻû㹱ƷǾͲϹˣɣֱһ̧
һɱ⣬ʱסҼһɿµϯ
ۣ
Ҽҽжûü壬˲仯ΪһƬѪ
Ҽݵĵطֻʣһ̯ĿĵѪˮѪˮ֮Уһƶռ䡣
ԣһϹڰֶ֣Ե


1377 
ŬԼŭ
ڳģкܶ˶ԹΪеŭΪŭ֮߳ܵһ
ΪȴֻԼ߱ɱ
ûκΰ취
ԣֻһԪ񾳽߶ѡ飬ȴǴߣڴжǺǿĴڡ
ģ̡Լķŭڹǰ¶ԼסܻܿѪɺӡ
ǣӦһ
ĺţϹԶŹ㳡Ϲߺ
ˣˣĺŵ߳£ɫҲѿûлҡ
ϹԴѾˡ
ʮ񾧣˹Ŀĺȡһָֽͷ˫ֳϡ
ǰһӹָֽת͵ǰ
ӹָֽɨһۣ¶Цݡ
СӱȸղǸƨǿˡˣһվȥɣһ˵
ĺæлվɳһߵһԡ
Ϲ󣬾ͿԲüˡ

һɫӰճС
ˣ
ҾԻˣɫӰ΢΢㡣
ɫۣòߣǴӻ磬ӳ֮ظոջľԡ
˳֮غ󣬾Ծûκͣ߾ȫĸ·
ৣ
ճд󣬾ͣռ䡣
ٴʩչռޣһ˲ƣԱ㵽ų񹬽֮ǰ
ʱ֮󣬾Ե˵ھŹ֮ǰ
ν𸱹
ԸյͿν𸱹Ӱ˳е
νЩ겻ɣԵĽкתĿ˾ԡ
ν𿴵ԣ΢΢һգգ۾ƺǻԼۻˡ
ԳϣνЩ죬ȷԼľǾԵӡ
ңԵ˵ͷ˵ȥ
˴ʱ񹬣ȥǡνعԵĻ˵
ȥǣ˫ü˵ȥʲôȥ𣿡
˵ν̾Ϣһ˵Գϣ֮ǰ˵Ҫȥ֮УĪûȥ𣿡
νˣҲ֪Ҫȥ磬Ȼ֪ǳ֮صϸ֪Ҫȥһеյء
żʱȥ
νʶΪûȥ硣
ѾȥˣŸջ԰ڰ֣˵ν𸱹ȥʲôҪòܻ
ܻ˵ʱܿ죬ʱȴҪһЩͿϹ˳˳Ҫǹ˵顣νҡͷ˵
νĻһ
飿
֣Բȫİڵ磬ҲǶǿߣȻûҲ˵֡ǣ⣬ߵúܡ
ʲô
֣Ծһֲõĸо
ô򣿡üʵ
ν˿ԣЩŹ֡
һ²˵Գϣλˣġǣ˵ȥ˻УȥǸг֮صĵطͺܲˡ֮ˡ
λ˺ܱ壬Щɱ˺ܶˡңҪڶÿʮϹһΡ񹬣ҲҪϹʮϹһһ񾧡
֮ǰǴ񹬵õ˺ܶԴϹҲʮϹһΣⶼϹʮˣϹǧһ񾧡Գ㲻֪λй˼Եڹ涨ʱ޷Ϲ㹻񾧣Ҫɱˣν˵š
ף
Գأ
ղЩδȫ˵꣬ԾѾʧǰʶʱ򣬾뿪ˡ
һռʩչԾ͵ڵǡ

񹬣ФӢϹˣ
Ŀ⿴ФӢ
ʱѾһϹˣˣֻʣİ˵ӡ
Щ֮ǰȥģ׼㹻ԴҼڣҲûдϹԴˣȫɱ
ڹǰЩ˸ͺ޵ֿ񾳽ߣҲȫûκһ˿һĻᷴ
ФӢվǰȥһҲٴι¡
ĿФӢɨ΢һ£۾֪ǾԾǴ񹬳ȥġ˵ФӢǾԵʦ֡
ˣФӢ
һһ񾧣Ѿ׼ˣ˹ĿФӢȡһָֽݸ
ţФӢǰɣɣһվš鿴񾧺󣬶ФӢֵ


1378 ˵ң
ФӢûվߵһߡ
ޱ飬Ȼ
ФӢˡüѹФӢ˵
λƢɱúܡϹˣһˣ˵Ҳֱնɱ㡣
ˣл˵ФӢ·ûԵĻǳ˵
˵Ƥ΢΢˶
ҪʮϹһΣҪԴʵЩǲظֻһ͵񹬣ж񹬺񹬿ˡʮóһһ񾧣ȻǼѡФӢ˵
ʮóһһ񾧡
˵ʱûʲô⡣ǰ񹬵õ񹬵ĴԴԴʮֵĳ档
ǣЩԴ׳񹬣ǸʹõġǣϹġ
Сӣʲô˼ФӢʵ
ϣܽҪϹԴһЩФӢ׳ŵ˵
˵ʵڹǰФӢҲȻԡ
һɱ
һ鲻ãܶɱ˵ġФӢҲԼʵ϶ǲܵסһָ
ǽ죬ǽⷬ˵˳
ô˵ǶҪĹƷˣĿУһĨɱת
һɺ⣬Ƭ֮¶ȣƺ˲併ࡣ
ңФӢæͷ˵
ңЦ
СӣӻǴ󣡾ּۻۣ
ãܺãҪĹƷ⣬ұȫ㡣ڿʼ񹬣ÿҪһ񾧣Ȼһһܴϣ
ФӢɫ䡣
ܣס壬ͺʱܱӡ
һ񾧣ʮ꣡˵Ӧòѣ˵ǧʱܵĲƸ񹬻ˣʮϹҪ׼񾧽ңЦ
ˡФӢɫް
죡ٸҶ˵һ䣬ұɱ㣡͵һȡ
㳡ϵߣһФӢ׵壬ɫҰףԼ֮Уס޷ת
Ϣʵֲ̫ˣ

ʱһĴζȴǴ֮촫
ţĿһ̧ʣ֮УһĹ⻪۶
֮ϣһɫӰӽ˹ɫӰ˳˳ĵۡ㳡Ͽա
вһ
Ƭأķ֮µġɫӰȻûܵκ谭ͽӽ˹㳡Ͽաƾһ㣬֤ε
һ͵򣬾Ȼߡ
΢΢ŽӽɫӰ
ף
⡭ѵǸԣܿģ鿴ԵòĿ͵һת
ͿԵӰ
ɫòߣľӰһ¡
˵ȥ˻ĳ֮ôѵûȥ磿
Ȼ֪֮طġ֪Ǹطȥףˡ߼ǲٴ
Ҿ֪ȥ˳֮غ󣬱ǳʧΪ֪ǲ̫ܴӳ֮سˡ֪ûȥ֮أ˵Ĺ֡
Ըˣűεսǿĸ߼ʦտʵ״ӡЩݣù鲢ӡ
֪ûȥ֮أôҲҪһӣ˵ǿưԵ
ԣФӢҲ˾ԣ۾졣
Ǿԣ
Իˣ
ڳڶߣ˾ԣһ¶ȵı顣
ʵϣкܶˣǲԹк⣬ǶԾҲǻġǿǾġǾԣͲᵽҲó
Կ˿ֿʦФӢ
һ֣һתФӢʦ
ԣûȥ𣿡ФӢžʵ
ʦ֣һ˵ԶФӢʦЦЦֽĿ顣
Ѿڹǰһ̯̯ɫѪˮ֮УҲŵѪȻڲ֮ǰ黹ɱˡ
˵ңԵͳԹʵ
ԵʦҺҰȥ򣬶ûҵ㡣벻ڽ죬ͻȻͳˡЦ


1379 һҲɱ
۾ĿžԡϣЦݣʱ뾰˵ȴδվ
óھǰȻһָ߸ϵԽС
УԿֻһСȻò˵۵磬ȷʵҲ԰ıǮ֮ڣĳһһ֮⣬ܱеģ治ࡣ
ⲻֵӵУȻ½ˡ
ͻȻû˿вס
ǶʲôվɣԶȻڹ㳡ϵļ˵
⼸ߣԵĻһЩĬĬһۣĿЩӵĹâӿ
ǣİٸˣûһվ
ҲݣǰˣպյĹûվվܾܿͻ
ڹź֮УǵȻҪѡ
û˵ҲûԵĻվ
˵ı飬ҡҡͷ
Ҳ¶һĨЦΪԵĻеĲ
ңкηԸŹ飬ѯʡ
ȷʵ㡣žڵмߵĳɾͣר̹ҪæƼ¯ҩЦ
ˣҡҡͷ
ԵʦҪǫ顣磬˭֪Եʦĵ˵ʥʦ֮£Եʦĵˡ顮ٺ١һЦ

û⣬ֻҪʱ䣬Ȼ֮ǰϤûκνӴæҲ԰˫ü̧һЩ
ǣ֪һָЩڹ㳡ϵߣ΢΢һ

ֻСѡ˵Եʦȥ˻磬Ǵǳ֮ء룬ԵʦⱲӻزˡǣװ׵һˣȻҲܰȽȱ񾧣ϹһЩȻ˵㣬ʤҰɣȻ˵
ͺҪϹЩһ㡣
Ŷ
Դ񾧸𣿡΢΢һЩ
У˵ɱһЩˣԶŹ顣
һЩϰˣҲˡǧÿһ߶һЩʲôԵʦƺЩѺð΢΢һž˵
ϣ
ǲϣˣϢһ˵˹ǱɱˣҲǾȡҵõϢǸûе㡣Ϊò㹻ĹƷҪɱǣ
Īǿ𣿡һȡ
žһɫҲȻˡ
ЩˣΪӾ̬֮ȾͲǺܹ˺Ȼɵʺָ
֮ڣм˸ָ飿
ǿڣտʵ״ϣͲôࡣ
ڣԾȻԼ
һŭ⣬ڹؿĿ⣬Ҳ
ԵʦĪָңܣһɿֲѹ
仰˵ڳˣͷһЩʵȽϵ͵ߣ޷һס
Ծܽ׵塣
Ե棬һ΢΢תǽѹɵ⡣
ԵϣҲһĨЦ
飬Ҳָ㡣ǣҪΪЩеģߣҪһ˵ǣܲܰȵ

һԲѵС
СҵҪΪЩҪһ˵죬ұ㽫ȫɱ⣬ҵҪΣǼײеԸƢ塣
˭˳ֻۣܵɱʱһﶥײŭ𣬸޷
͵ĴλվĿɱڡ嫵ɱ⣬˲Ϣǽۡסˣܸ֮¡
ڳˣȫɫҰס
ҲޱȵĽ뿪˵ڹʢŭ֮ͷųɱ£޷˵
ФӢʦ֣ҲͬĿžԡȻԹΪǳŭǣҲ뿴Լŭ顣һֱžԣþԲҪһļŭ
ǴʱԲδФӢʦ֡
飬Ȼˣôˣһɱˣҡҡͷ
ֱһӡ


1380 
žֱۻӶµĿռ䷨֮˲Ϣ串ۡ
ͷһת
ৣ
һӰֱʧڿռ䷨֮£ۡգۼͿˡֻ˲书򣬸֮ۡڣֻʣ¾Ժ͹˻ڡ
ˣȫ֮ƵΧ
ʱ򣬹ɫޱѿĿҲٴʶԵʦʵƺеĻҪǿ
Ҫ֪ڴ֮ǰĸܸ֮ۡµġԣȴܸ֮£ȫ˶תƳȥʵԲһġ
ΪеԾǣھתЩߵʱӾԵϣƺԼо˴ϢϢֻ߲ӵС
磬ȻкܶŶսܹͨЩŶ񣬶ûкϵûԼĵǵϣҲдϢڡ
ԣô£ѵСѾͻƵεߣôܣ
ǧӣܳ
鲻ţ޷šǾԲܵ飡
ֻһЩıϣЯĴܣ鰵ת
ǿߣ˵Ҳݺˣôᱻ׵סȷѾ̤磬Ҳڶս֮ǰͱס
վĿӾԣȫɱ⣬ѾŨ˼¡

ô£
Ǳ֮ƶˣ
ǾԴ𣿾ԴˣǶۡͳˣ쿴Դ˺Ҫ͹ս
Щʩչռ䷨֮ͳۡˣһعǾͿ˻ۡľԣš
⾰֪֪³
ӣǸˡŭ˹ԼҪҲҪһᣡ
һЩߣ׷
ΪǾġǾԣͲǰͶԾ˺⡣ڣԸǽһļŭԹĲбԸ񣬵ɵ˾֮һ϶ͻЩ֡
Ҳô˵Դ˰ɣԴˣҲΪǳͷҲ˾£ܹ־ԡ
ͷǸǸʵɱΪǳͷǿ϶мڣֻǴ޾ѣһӣҧгݵ˵
죡ФӢʦ͵һȣ˵ߡ
λҲ˵£ƽ˵ǹֲþԳϡҲóǹԾԳϣʼʱҪԳġԳϣΪǳͷȫûҪ
˵е
ȷʵܹ־ԴˣˣֵܷǷǶԴġ
ֻˣȻ˸ϴŭ⡣
ǸϽ߰ɣһɾҪˣĵ˵
ߣߵȥȻ󣬿ڹǿǰܲصȥ
ѵ뿪򣿾ܽ뿪ǵļأ
ӣ޴ӣЩˣѵܶˣܶˣֻԼ
ߵĻɫҲûҰǷ֣ԼԼ޷ȥգֻ
ФӢʦ֣ĿҲǵǿۡ
ô˶٣ֿ˵Գϣˣտʴ˵״ӡǹںһĴߣտʣҲ׵İɣ
˵ûɱ˾Դˣտʴ˿϶ưոݡ벻㣡
ԶԶԣֻҪԴ˲Ҳлᣡ
˵ĿУȼ˼ɡ
֮ۡڡ
СĪҪϷΪУɤݳ
ȷʵҲй˼ɣ
տʣɲǰ衣ȻҲǶǿߣտǰûȥײܴﵽ绪ǸΣտڣԶԶ
飬ҪΪУҪΪеЩԩ꣬Ҫһ˵ԽǵɱҲܽ㵱һŲԻҡͷ
ˣ
Ե仰ùŭˣ˷
СȻ˿ڳԣϣһŲݺӹտʣҲ⵱ϡ
һ̣ӶˣϢϯ
СȻһ𣬳žȡ


1381 
ǿߣ±˵Ϊӣ
ϣԷȻڳҪһŲԼȫ˹ͼޡ
˵ǹ鼫䱩ײеˣһЩȽϺƢҲʲ
ңǱһֻǧСӡ
ʱĹ飬÷ˣﻹ˵ϾԵݡտʵ״ӣɱ˵ܵԶǣ
տʼʵǿѵڻ׷ɱԼߣֲ˵ڻҲ޵еģ
䣡۵µɱ⣬Ȼ
ֻܲһռǸűŤĿռ䣬ʱ·սֲܣһأ֯߶ѡ
һɫӡ֮пֳ
˷𣡡С
Ǿ·ҪɨһС
һ
һʵռ䷨ʱ䷨ȻԻ
Ƭ֮ڣʱͿռ佻֯һͷŵܣۡһƬ
ԿɲԼһɱǶ֮ǰۡߣתƳȥԾǲ벨Щˡ
ھԵֶʩչ󣬹ܲǱƬ֮ڣ޷ȥŰǡ
ʲô۾ԲĿ¶˼ɫ
ʱôܻǻʵǿߡңʱͿռ֮ϣзǳǿƿ
ڣɫӡɢܣۡΪƽءۡػ󷨣ֽһ㣬֮£һ鿪
˿ֲܣȻۡһƬ֮ڡ⣬Ƿƽ˾ûκεӰ졣
ФӢ֮ۡߣоʲôܲӹǣǶĿۡƬռһС
һ㶼ɣԼһطգʱ䶼Ųȥͻᱻǿֲ˺Ƭ
̫ˣ
ͬʱǻЩɻΪǹԼĹܣѹۡƬռ䣬ûдݻٸķΧ
ǵǿһҪ鹦ھԵġ
СϷ⣡Ŀеˡ
ȻδֱӶ֣ѾоԾϵΣϢ
⣿ޱҡҡͷĿ⿴еӡ
ף𣡡Ϣ΢΢һȵϢƬռڷ
ռס
ھԵܣһƬȵĻ
µ¶ȣ·ڻһСڵĻͷųܣǱѸٵڵ
ת˲֮Ļ棬Ǻɫӡ
ֲĺɫӡƬ֮У·Ҳ֮ȼŨµĺڹ⣬ٵıڵͺ֮еĻѩһ㣬Ϣɢ
ʲôһĿеľҲβס
İ˷𣬿־УݶܾʱǿֶΡ
ƾһֶΣڵǿߡһУھǰȻ߹һ㲻һ
ֻǺʱ䲻޴ĺɫӡͱһɶ֮УҲҲɫӡӰӣеֻǴſ˵Ļ档
ʵȾԣʵǲ̫Զˡ
ԣڲμŻսܺɨͨڵõʦտʵĴռ򣬳һʱսһˡ
ھԽ֮أ󣬾Եսˡ
ͻƳΪǿߣ̳ĲʱھԵʵ磬Ѿﵽ˶ĲΡ
һھǰ˵ϻ治̫֡࣬ҲǱȽǿ׳ϰˡ
Ϊİ˷ھǰʵһЦҪʹռףǵĽڵľʩչܽǰ˷۵ĺɫӡ
֮ۡģˣʱһʧˡ
Ȼޣ޷ĸ֪ɱľԺ͹ͷŵܡǣǵ۾ȴܿ
ĿУֲĺɫӡȻͷųģƺǻԷĻ棬յһɶ
ô£
ѵǹֻŻԣǣı飬·ֲֻӡ
Եˣƺӹ۾ڣ˻ҵ񡣹ʱƺηˣ


1382 Ҳɵ
η壿
ʱĹǳγɵĻ𺣣ˡ
ռܣǻռ׵ܣһִİԵĹ
ʵ˵һռ򣬶ԹҲʲôΣҲвֹһռܵģİ˷֮У̺ռܡ
ǣԵĳʵֲ̫ˡ
ͬռͬĳ򣬲ͬǿʩչҲرġ
磬ͨҲռģǵʵΪֻͨ
ͨ򣬶ֻһֶֹζѡǿҪߵ
֣²κθֶΣֻǵһЩ˲ɱһȺˡʲôܣȫô
򣡡Կ͸ŻҵĹһͺȴ
һƬ𺣣΢΢һ֮Źѹ˹ȥ
鼫Ĵ߶񺣵ֱۿٻӶһֶηʩչҪסԵռס
һУͽ͵ġ뾰ԵĲ࣬ʵ̫ˣͺһ꺢ͯһˣûпĿԡ
ųܵѹǣѪҺ޷Ƶ͸Եøӷ
ʱФӢʦֵˣɵˡ·ˡ
ʱٿԵʵǹ֮ϵģǾ̫޴ˡ
ǵ˼ά·𶼱סˡ
Եʵôôǿ
Ķ֣ǹ磬ĹھǰȻ˴
Եʵжǿ
ФӢʦ֣䶯һ촽ĿУһĨ˷ܵĹ⻪ʼҫ

ճУӰ봫һ̱Ǵ͵֮ڡ
ִˣˣ
̫ϳӽĳ˵
һģȻɽȵҲǾԵʦ֡
ӽ̫ϳһģ֮⣬ڴ߾ٷ
Ϊӽ̫ϳϵ
ǰ֮Ǵˮ֮СԹǿߣ߸ûκΰ취Ӧԡ
ȥԮûкõĶΪһǿˣҲãǹܲͨӡ
û취񹬵ĹФӢӽ̫ϳȥڴ߾ٷ߾ٷûа취
߾ٷǴӽȥ硣
Եʦ֣ǱȽĵˣӽ˵󣬱㵱ӦæһˡϾǾʦܵļ磬Ҳã˹С
ӽѣֱӾȥǼɣֶӽЦЦ˵ܿ
ãӽͷ
˵ʵӽԼû뵽ĴһˡԭֻǱԿ̬ȣûȥ룬Ĵϳ
ȻҲ֪Ҳ˼ҿھԳϵϲŻ᲻ĳ֡
ִˣ˵ǹƢǳ壬һ˵ˡ߾ٷһԣЩǵ˵
ţֵͷ˵ν˵ϤҲʶҳĻӦûӣϾҲûûҪִ̫š
ιǴ齻֣նɱʵҲһ㡣ɱܱȹ黹Ҫ΢һ㡣
ɱҲɱ˹顣
ι˵һ£ùӸԼ뿪͵
ˣֱӴ͵ǿҰȻںܶʱڷеǡ
δǣ˾Ѿۡ쳣
ô£
ڳս
⡭Ŀһ񴩹ռ䣬ۡĿռ䡣
ִˣۡãѵɱˣǹɱ˰ɣӽ̫ϳϿһ֮󣬾ľĽк˵
ȥ
ಡ
ֻӳһӽ͸߾ٷˣ˲Ϣӽۡ
ڽӽĹ֮У־ͿɫӰԣҲ˹

ǾԣԺ͹齻ˣô£Բȥ˻磬ʲôʱģֿ齻ֵǾ֮һӾͼˡ
Եʵȷʵɨͨû⡣ǹʲô֣ɱУҪǹ΢ôһ㡣
ٶٴμӿ죬һ⣬ǵ֮ۡ⡣ǣ֮Ҳһɵۣԭء
ʲô
ǹƺѹƣţǻ棬ôоռ׵ܣ


1383 ˵Ͳ
ȫ߶ٶȸϵԵۡΪ˴ӹоȳԡڽԶͿ˾Ժ͹֣ʶΪԲǹ֣нúܣҲûС
ȵ˽źȻ֣һսȷʵԵȣľȴȫ෴ġ
պյĶǿ߹飬ʱĵֵǳĳȻ𺣣˭óҪֵסˡ
ʱ򣬾ͻȻһ
Ե漴
㲻ɱң㲻ɱңС㲻ɱңоƽˣ۾ͨЪ˹ŭ
ԵӰϷ
Կ·Ĺ飬֮Уûκ
֮Уһ̤һ˵ܣ𵴶
ڵֵסھһ֮£ķҲ֮
ۣ
˶һ𣬶ǻΪһѪܲδڴʱʧڳȵĻ֮УһƬѪ˲䱻һɶ
ͬʱģǹ塣
ݺĹ
һɱʼ֮ǰ˵Ҫ飬ˡ飬ھԵһ֮£һ㣬һŲ
Ƭ֮ۡƬռڻɢĿռݣҲڷ½ϻָķ֮Ҳƽ
ֻʱۡǱΪƽءеĽΪ˷۳ǹĵطǰһ޴ӡǸĵ棬һƬڡ
ռڣֻȵϢþòɢ
һɱǰʱ̡ܶǣȴߵĹעڵߣۡһսĿˣǿµĹ˾ԵУʬ޴档
һۡΧ
ʦ֣ôˣԿ֣Цһ䡣
λӽȥң˵ҹֹܲžԣŹ֡
򣬾Ҫ̸һ̸뿪룬ҪϹڣһ͵ܳܵڡ
û뵽ǣˣȴˣԼʦܵС
ʦܣˣѾ˽ۣ˳ȷһ¡
֪Կ϶̤ˣţ÷˼
ţȷʵڲǰ̤ˡԵͷ˵
ܵڶߣԳԼǿߣǵһȻĿžԡ

ͳˣɴˣ
ʦܣĪǽ˳֮أͬһʵ
ţȷʵڳ֮غϵɹġ󣬻ص򣬾˵ǹˣɱ˺ܶˡҳɱҲΪһԵͷ˵
֮ɱ˹飬ʵһ⣬ǾЩ֪Եĵ̡˭ףҪԼĲӹӲ
ԾҪźš
ȷʵǾԵļ硣ȻԵǸ͵磬Ҳģġ
˼鰡Ŷʱ䣬ͳˣʦܣʦ֪Ѿ̤磬һҲ˵ġֺһĿ˵
ЦЦ
ܱǸĸۡٵˡתĿԶԣǸ˵
ûû£ٵٽǣС顣æİ˵
ԵЩ
Զ˵ͷ
ʦ֣ǱվˣȥġԶԼ˵
ФӢʦ֣ߣֶФӢ˵
ţǻӳһ˶ס
һռޣ˾ƾʧ
Դˣɴˣ
ǡǹȻھԴС
ԴʵжǿǿûԴ˻ɱǹƺûѶս̣Ҳͼʱɣ
˵ǹ磬ǶǿߡԴɾɱ¾Դˣһǿ˰ɣ
ţӦǣһ˵Ҳû١һĶˡһ֮ϣֻкٵĳһˡ
ؼǾԴ˺ᰡˣԾԴ˽һЩֻǧ𣿡˿ʵ
֪ȷʵǧӡӵ͵ʱֻһٶӡǧʱ䣬Щ˵ǵָԴˣȴʱڣΪˣ޾꣬дһ˿į


1384 Ե۾
ԵĻܵߣҲݵĳĬ
ǰ
ǧʱ䣬ǶЩ񾳽˵ܶݣǵԪ֮áǧ֮꣬ж̶̵һ˲ѡ
Ǿӵ͵ȴѾεĴߣӵܹɻɱȶǿʵĴߡ
λԴ˳Ϊǿߣ˵ʵҲĪôġ
ԶĲ˵˵飬ӶǵԴǾԴ˳֣ǼѵӻںͷԹǿߣԮҲ˾ԴˣԺʲô˸ҵ񣿡ָЦ˵
˵ûԺҲԼػ񣬶һǿػ񡣾ֻ͵򣬿ԺҲ˭ˡЩ߸ϵĴߣҲ⵽̾˼ĸ˵
Ե˵ʱҲһЩ˱Ź֣ɫͨ죬ġ
ڷžԼŭʱǻԣ˵ǾԸǴѡ
أ

񹬣
ʩչռޣֵһ𶼴˻
ˣڼ¡
ʦܣ㼸ǰǰ磬֮أôôͳ˵ǳ֮أȥףȴǼѣûܴ֮־Ȳѯʾԡ
ˣҲһžԡ
ҲãԲôͳЦЦ
ǳ֮أȷʵǽȥ׳ѡң滹ΣաһľŶðȻȥϲܻԻ˵
ǳ֮ظոս󣬾ͻ֮ءˮ֮صȵΣգͨľŶֻڣֲ˶೤ʱͻġ֮壬Ǿ͸ΣգһЩŶδܻ
ԾԿɲ紫źţôǰͺ̵Ľ֮Ȼ档
ʦľŶȥĿһʵ
ҵһǲƼʦڽȥϾʦֵԪкܳܳҡͷ˵֮أһλǿ֮أľŶ񣬾ͻƵ磬ҲһܳҾãʦ޷ͻƵˣǵǿԽ֮Կ
ţĿ΢Щʧ
ͷһתȵ˵ʦܣڵսжǿ
㣬Ҳúܡ
磬ǻʵĶεǿߡǰȴǱ׻ɱ˵
ڵսĲΣҲǺȷ϶ԶҾãһӦҲռһϷġ΢һ˵
ϾҲûһ֣ȷԼǲлһʵҲǫˣڵʵֻǳһҪɱҲѡ

ʦܣ벻ô̵ʱڣ˿µΪһڣһͳҲûж١ÿһǾ춯صĴĽž̾˵
ʦܣԺ磬ɾ˳ƺţӦǽоԵ۾ˡò˶ãܺʹʦߣΪ𡣱ʦҲֻ΢һѡּ˵
磬ֻһŻйϵĳƺšһһƺǵ۾һһƺ𡣵ȻҲһЩһЩͷǳҲкܶ˻Ϊ棬档
ɱĹҲΪͺܴܶ˻ƺΪ档
ʦ֣δ飬˭˵׼ءҡҡͷǫ˵
ʦܣʦ˼һţҲһΪ˵ġʱФӢʦҲˣܸп
Ժ϶Ǹ˶Ҫҫ۵öࡣһֱֶԸҵҪԺʲôԸ㡣ФӢʦᵽʱĿб㷺ŭ
ɫҲ΢΢һ۾һ¡
ʦ֣˵ʦǱ˰Ż䣬ǰʦǸ˵˭ڣӦÿԸ˰ɣԿФӢʦѯʵ
£һֱûз¡
Ȼδˣȴ˵ĴСǬС硢Ħʱһ񹦵ȵȣˡ
ûˣûԵĽ졣
ݴԲǣһҲǡֻҪ㹻ҲһԥΪ˱


1385 ʱ
ԵĻФӢʦֳĬЩʣ·뵽˻֮Сڳ֡߾ٷˣҲûʱ˵ФӢĻ䡣
һᣬФӢԱߵ˵ʦ˼ҵģ֪ģһ𣡡
ĳһżߵ衣
ŻϣԾͼ𣬵ʱ˫ҲһЩ̫Сìܡ
Ȼǳһǿߣʵɱʦ֮𣿡üʵ
ɽɽ룬ǳһȻ̫˵ľʵжǿӦҲȳһ
гʦ֮ǰ֮״ӡ
˵У²һ񹦵ȵǿ󴫳еҲԲһġ
ǾѾʱգȻòһޱǿһ԰ǿķңڵȵȷ裬Ҳվ۷壬Ƿ཮ҲĴڡ
ԾԲŻãҪ֮Ǻ
֮ʱ˫üڡ
˿ԣֿ˿ФӢ
֮˵Ѿܾúܾˡҵ˵˵Ϣ˵
ĿʶĿ֡
ʦܣ֪ܲǵʦտʣ˶塣ʦ׿˵ˣϣΪľ֪֮ǰʵӦǲǵʦտʲġ
ʵȻҲǿɱˣǿ϶ܡ΢΢ҡͷ
ȻҲֻ˵
ϾݺǸʱû
ʦʵȷʵǿҲһָңʦȻó򣬿ƢȴܺáһЩٶŭȥǻ쵰壬ʦûɱ
ֻһȻа֣Ǻǿİ֡
ʦܣֻ֪ʦǺ𣬻һЩǿߣʱһͬһյء巢ʲôҲ֪ʦ󴫻صϢ˵ڻյرˡФӢҧ˵
𣡡ҲȭͷĿ͸һĨɱ⡣
ò˶ãұᣬµģԿ˿ФӢʦ֣˵
ڣԻûаնԸҪԼʵǿһЩ֮˵

ľſռڵ㡣
ֻ񹬡񹬺ˡ
һϮɫۣվ
ФӢʦ֡ʦ֣и߾ٷҲžһͬ
Ǳؿžԣû˵κλʱҲ֪ʺȰ˵ʲôȻ֮ǰǶ˵ԵӺŮûȥֻǱ֮ĳطҲֿȻڣĿǾԵӺŮѾȥˡ
վɫƽȴӿ޷ƽϢ
Щţ
ԼܹʱݵǸʱҲҲʲôмֵģҵҲ֤߷ͶѩѾ֮С
֮󣬾һָռڵʱ䷨͵ֳ
ʱݣԿеͳȳ
嫵ķܣ͵ľһǿѹһƬ֮ۡž֮ӿһƬ֮ڣű㷢˱仯
ֻʱ䣬Ƭڵľ󣬾ͿٵһĻĻصǰ﷢ľ
ԿϤӰӣͨٵ硣֮֮Ӱס
ѩԵ۾ĶƬڱ֮ĸ߷;ѩ
ʱ䷨ڵľʼȶ
Ѿھе񹬹ˡ
죬ɱ񹬽ԱФӢʦֳ֣ҪȰ˵졣Ȱ˵ЧФӢʦֻܶ֡
ФӢʦֺɱսڵ㴦ͲȶĿռ֮飬߷;ѩˣ˲;뵽֮С
Ϣ΢΢һӰ΢΢һֻһͷƬռǳ׵ı¶ɫ޾ա
֮͸޾֮С޾Уʱ˱֮ľѩ͸߷ˡ
Կ߷;ѩ֮סӰȷʵûбʴǻ֮£Ҳ޷͸ȥ
ǣһ̣߷;ѩͳʧ֮Сǻ֮һͬʧӰ١
Լٿط֮ҪһѰվͽ޹Ӱƾʧ
Խգʱ䷨


1386 
в̽ãԲĴշ
ʱϲãֻϲУмǺ㯡
ʦܣΣǰѯʡ
ФӢǣҲ΢ŵı鿴žԡ
ûҵĸŮټڤڤ֮һ˿ӦӦûţڻеĳطԵͳԼ˵
ò˵ָӦҲǱȽ˵ģҺø߷;ѩ׽ˣָ֪İˣǼڵľԣҲ޵ĸ֪
ھȻȷ߷ĸŮλãоųϵİգ˻ţһϢһþԾܵϢ
̫ˣ
ǲֻۣҪǻţǳҵ˵ʦʵǷǳǿǻ֮УЩΣյյ֮⣬һҲΣաҲ˵
ǰֻҪȥЩյأȥЩȺĵ̣ǼڻУҲݺ۳ңФӢҲϴЦ˵
ţһ΢׼󣬾ǰҷͶѩǡԵͷ˵

֮ڣһϢڴ֮䴫
ˣ
ʲôôܣһ磬Ҳûɱɣѵһ
Ȼӱ壬Ҳ޴ȥһɣֲɵӣ
ô£
Щߣ֪֮󣬾˶һʱš
һڣͨнϴķӦߣȷʵ̫ˡڣǧ򣬿ɴߵȴûǧôࡣ
ԣͨ綼һ£Ҫ˵ǹֶ
ϢȦӣ̷ܶ̽ϢȷϢʵԡһЩһǿߣǳһǿߣǶϣвСĹע
ڷڣһιŹֵĴ֮Уȫɫ⻪ֵӰһŭ
˭˭ɱ˹飡ڹµߣŭ羪һӿ
ӰϣͬʱҲмֲܲơһʵΪǿ
֣꣬类Ϊ۾
ûһһǿߣΪóһͬһεĴڡ
򣬱ϳ
ĹϵΪܵġǹȻԸ壬ܶˣвǿ߶޲ù֮ءǣٱˣҲôϵѡ
꣬ǹѡ
˵޷ԼķŭˡУǿҵΪ鱨ͷ
ѸٵĿʼȷϢ̽׷ʲô飬ĸ֪Ķɱ˹飬ɱԼΪļ֮һĹ
ʲô
Ǳɱ򣿡
˭
ŻϣɹǶŵǸţʦտʵǸԣ
ôܣǾŶ񾳽ôɱܿͨһЩԼ鱨һЩõ˽ΪϸϢ
ŭУŭĻ潥ϨΧĺɫ⻪Ҳ֪ࡣ
ѾһŶ񣬽Ϊߣ
ɣͻɱ˹飿⾰ԣһѾкܶˣΪԵ۾
⡭⡭Щɵˡ
鰡겻Ϊ㱨ʵҲΪ˵˭ãȥǾԣ㲻Լû£ȥʲô
û취ˣǾѾһ۾ǿߣôһºܿ춼ܴﵽսˡ˵ʦտʰˣһǲҪˡҡҡͷеķŭɢˡ
ɱģһȺ϶ưոݡԷҲһҲȥҪһ˵ƫƫɱˣǾԣֻмǧߵľһǿտʵ״ӡ
۾ȫȻʲô鶼ûˡ
۾ǹѣɱ㲻Ϊ𣿡дߴѶѯꡣ
˭۾̷ʡ

ĴȦӣķˡ·ˣ̸žԵһС
ЩĴߣۼһ𣬷ɱ˹½ߡ
һϢҲɿ촫硣
ʦܣɱ˹ʦֵõϢ죬۾ҲǵԲ
ʦܽڴҳΪԵ۾⡭ʦ֣˿˷ۡ


1387 
ʦҲ֪ˣԸǳײС
ˣҲܽƻթЩ߶ɱɶʵԼкܴ󱳾ˣȴǡ
ڵ磬Ȼܶ˺޼˹飬һֱúúõġɱˣʵԶЩʵ֮ϵģֲȥЩһһҲһֻ۱һֻۣϾҪȥ׷ɱҲҪķһЩġ
ƷͺܱģǼҲôһԶûȥ׷ɱĳ̶ȡ
뵽ڵպյĹھԵСյõϢҲһŷӦ
ҵ̸ʦϢʦ֣ͨĴѶʽʦտʡ
ܿ죬ͳտʵĽɫ֮ڡ
ͻˣտʾϣҲ¶һ˿ı顣
ʵʵ˵Ҳû뵽Ի˿ͳΪ
ǰѯʳ֮صʦֹԣѾտҲǿֹҲɾȥˡ
ȴû뵽Ծڳ֮أõĻԵڶ̶̼ʱ̤ΣﵽɻɱĲΡ
ʦܣдԵˣ˵ˡ߳һΪҲδ֪տʣ˵
Ϊ𣿡Ŀ¶һ˿
ΣȻ֪ζʲô

һûһΣ
ֻҪ߳һ
ΪһǿߵտʣҲʼ޷̤һɾ֮λ֪Ҫ߳һжôļѡ
𡭡ܹϴڡ
ʦҪҪʦٻɽȣʣһò˶ãܴﵽһĲˡһ棬ҵЩ˿ܻᰵˣŪһЩıֶζü˵
ˡʦȻͲ񲻹ǧ꣬ĵ·ҲȥӰȥҵġտҡҡͷ
⻰Ҳʦ˼¾ĻڽһЩ㣬һЩΣգҲһĥ¡ͺִǰ֮أǿǼٳյأԲˣֱӿŶֹֻǵԼĵ

磡
ʵϣҲ档཮ľŸ磬ֻǻһֶѡ
ڻУȺвжԵȺħһ塣ϵȵǿȺ
཮ĸ޵ȵȣʵҲĺᡣʵҲ֮еߣͬſֲʵ
ڻУҲ𿪱ٳĵ硣Щ磬཮Χ֮УҲк֮ܶС
˵տʿٵ磬Ҳơ
е𣬶ῪԼ硣տȽӽǿߣҲ᲻ϧ۵ĿԼ硣
⵱ȻҲԭġ
һݱ̣̺ϢĹ򡣿һ磬۲ݱ䣬֮У׿ϵ
ת£һжڤڤ֮п֮¡
κһǵռĿ꣬ǶϤ
տĽӽǿߣٳһΣ۲仯Ҳ߳һΪļʡ
ȻҪһ磬һġǵýӽʵҲʲεĶǿߡ񵥺ӵȵ𣬶Զûп
Ҫ磬ֻȶṹ󣬻Ҫܹת
̫ˣ
ڵ磬ֻһζѡ磬̫棬һ̫࣬ôתͿܱ߽⡣
ʵϣԵǬС磬ҲһΣ֮ٳһΡԣǬСŻô⣬Ż᲻ͬЩƶռ䡣
ʱ棬ڵһС
ǳһͨľ¥
ھ¥һڡ
ĸףѩŸոսĸ߷Ŀ⣬ڸ߷ϡ
߷ɫЩףȻ¶ЦݣǾѩǲĸ׸߷Ϊҡ
æˣϢˡ߷ϼЦݣԾѩº˵
ʱѩ͸߷źصĻɫ·
ĸףЩ쵰۸𣿡ѩҧűݣѹŷŭ
û£һҲͺˡ˵ˣڳڣЩҲڿͷϡ߷΢΢ŬԼôᡣ


1388 
߷;ѩԼġ
Ǵӵ͵絽磬֮ϴӣڻ֮δʧʱֻоͻȻ췭ظһ޷ֵһС
Ҳ֪˶ãѹʱǾĪ硣
ǲ֪ԼѾ뿪뿪཮򣬵㼸ʱǶԼĴҲ֪
֪ﲢִ磬཮Χڣڻеһڡ˵磬һλϹ𿪱ٳ硣ڣҲ档
ܼѣΪǵʵʵ̫ˣȻչ֮綼һ磬ߣʵһء
磬̸ɽǵĵط߹ȥһˣǿܶǸ߼񾳽ߣпܶǿߡ
߷;ѩм񶼻ǣ߷񾳽磬ѩֻжΪ
ǿĿİģò׽̸ɽǣҲ¥һݹԳסȻֻи߷ھ¥๤ѩǽϡѩҲ빤׬ȡԴ߷ﲻô
ֻǣݹĳͲߣѩһĵԴԶԶ⼸߷Ｘûʹ񾧵Դÿæ꣬ҲֻһЩؼѣٶȺܻ
ǵҲʲô
ǣھ¥ͷ¶ĹټûǿʵкܶƷԲõˣҸ߷鷳
߷Ȼŷǳص·Ȼ಻֮˵Ŀ⡣
ĸף˵׻ҵ𣿡ڳĬ֮УѩŸ߷ʵ
߷ЦЦ˵ģ㸸һǵģȻǴߡ
߷ѩա
Ȼô˵ȴֿԼǲڵġĸŮ֮ڣ๫һ磬ǾԻܹа취ѰҵǡڣȴѾԶ཮еĵ硣
๫ԣҵǵ䣿
Ѿ϶ȥ˰ɣ
߷УǿɬǸеܽĸŮѩҪѩһϣһΡ
ΪŮѩߣ߷ľˡʱʱ̶̿ҪСģκ˶ԸɫŮѩܹһֱ
Ҳ֪Լֶܼãᾡ

У
һˣţżҲʩչռޡ
磬ڵľ˵ȷʵû̫ΣˡֻҪȥЩյأǼΣա
Ͼ཮ܽҲûʲô
ֻǣ̫ˣѾڻ˼ʱ䣬ȴԼ֮ĵڶûм
Ǻܶ࣬ЩȫûļЩϣһЩĿʯڣҲû˼˷ʱЩʯϡ
ÿһʱ䣬ͻͣϸĸӦţ΢Ѫϵ
ϵܵʱԸûκθӦڣֵѪϵܹһŵķ֪ȥܹҵԼӣҵԼŮ
ξԽ
һ죬ԵľһڷţĸоԼӡŮѪϵӦƺǿһЩ
ʲô
ĪǣҾͶѩѾԶˣЩš
Ƭ̺󣬼ӿٶȡ
º󣬾ԵȻһ
һࡣ
û֮УһҺ鱦εСͷɴڿٷСھԵ֮£Կɴϣһɫ۵վڼװϡ
ҷɴػھǰȫڵֵ֮ɨ󣬱׵͸˽ȥ
࣬Ӱ֮һǵ˷ɴǰ
ɴϵߣҲ˾ԣɫʱ䡣
ǿƷɴֹͣ
𣿵ǰ棬Ͳҵķɴײ㣿װϵߣžԷŭ
ǸЦݣŶԷ˹֡
ʱȷʵЩˣֻΪ̫ԲŻˡ
Ĳ˼ֻһʣ⸽е硣ԹֺżװŶʵ
һŶ񾳽ߣǲڻ֮ߵġ཮򣬸ҽȻҲоŶ񾳽ߣǶľŶսͨ
ҷɴϵŶϢھŶֻһ㡣ʵ϶ѰԾԻɣ⸽ӦеĴڡ


1389 
ৣ
ʱ򣬷ɴװϽּӰ
ô£ǵķɴôͣˣ
ţʲôˣΪ·
ӷɴڲļߣܿͷһϮɫվڷɴǰľԡ
⼸ߣԶǾŶ񾳽Ϊ
ǵͻȾԴ󼫶࣬ھУֻСһˡɱǣҲǵָ֮顣Һ鱦ɴھǰֽҲû
ʲôˣѵ㲻ߣһֱڼװϵߣžԣɫء
ԲߣǾ˵Ǵطġ཮Ҳ硣Ǵģ˵ǰˣԷͬһ㡣
ڻг봩ģһ˵УǾԲһˡûдߵսǿ϶ûӵġ
üͷһ壡
˷̫ʱ䣡
䣡
һܣӾͷųһܣ˲ϢסԷɴɴϵ󷨣ʱҫһâֵ
~
ɴϵˣܵɴػ̼᧿ΣʱҪơɫ䣬ȷţ赲ǷɴǰȥˣʵȷʵǿҲǴս
ǰŶܿ췴Ӧæġ
ǻʵشǣ
ǣǣ˶ٵͷ
һܣʵǸղ˵磬Ī磬⸽
ղŶԷһ˷ʾԲߣȻע⵽ˡת磬ѵ𿪱ٵĵ磿
ԾãҲǼΪпܵ顣
ԣռ䣬Ǹ򣬾ԼһǧǼߣγǴȥһϿܲѰһЩʯԴһϾͿ˵
ȻѾܣղŷ飬Ȼе¡ҷɴػܣԷ׵Ļǿǰǿɲˣͷʵʵлᡣ
ţ˶лλˣԶԼЦЦͷӰһżָķ˲˹ȥ
˼ʱ䣬ɴϵļŶŷӦһ
λǰˣ
Ӧˣλǰƺ粢ϤѵǴ཮Ĵߣ
ܿܣǻǿ߰ɣλǰղûǳǵ˵ٸıأ
ԶԶԣߣ뿪˵أ
⼸Ŷ񣬷ɿĴ߶Լķɴ뿪

ţ
ķˣڿռڣ¶ɫΡ
ʩչռޣִ󣬱˼ǿȻȻǿʩչһˣ϶ЩԳһķ򷴵
ʱ˵ͻ鷳类Ķǿע⡣ҵ߷;ѩ֮ǰԲ֦
΢Ǻ󣬾Ծнӽ硣طѾܹӦĴڡУҲҪ̫ʱ䣬Ӧþִܵ

ˣһҷɴûģ
ΧĳһҾ޴ķɴ֮ϣһŶ񾳽ߣϥأǰһɫ
ûģܺãǷɴģΣɫߣ΢΢ڰе۾ڣɱ
ţ˵ȫ£һѪϢƣ¶˷ܵЦݡ
еȹģķɴȷǵٶȺܿ죬ٲأܾˡǾŶͷ˵
Ǿ֣͡ɫߣֱһӡ
ǣ
ܣһȺߣǾŶ񣬻мεǿߡ
ǳķɴ͵ڿռһ͵˳ȥ
ʱһһҹģеȵķɴ翿
䣡
һɿֲʱݺݵײеȷɴ֮ϡеȷɴܻ֣ҵ˸
ɴڲ͵ľڲڶߣɫ䡣ǵһʱʶǵķɴˡ
쿴淢ʲô飡һߣһЩе߷Ը
ಣߣɿĳ˳ȥ
ܿ죬м߾ŵķأɫҰס
鷳ˣԷߣߣ˵
֣Ҳ΢΢һ֮У¶һĨ֮ɫ
ߣ
һ켣ܱߵǿţ׶񣬾˵߶ϵķɴ붼ûк³ԹԽԼеĲδܱס
ߵ죬һߵĴߡ˵һ۾εǿߡ


1390 
飡
˼ң˼ӦʱҷɴǾҵĻζ
ɴڲܶʼɢοǵסĵιˡ
ô죿ҲסĿߡ
ǼС㡣ˣҵװϿȻҲǾ˵ˣľź󣬺ܿԸ˵
үү
ߣһŮӣǽŵı顣
£үүڣһûµġ߿Ůʱ¶Цݣĵ˵ͷ
ٳ˳ȥʮߣҲߡ֮ڣֻʣߣŮһ
ɫװϣ
죡վڼװϣĿǰ֡
ɫ۵ߣȺ˳Ŀϣ
ͷȻʶң߱䡣
С϶׹ܵüС϶ҡߵͷά
δ㣿һ֡
С϶֪أԸ⽫һԴ͸죬ֻһƽߵǸɴúܣֱӾ˵һԴ
ͷϵ̬ȣһ⡣Цŵͷ
ôͽǵķɴ󷨹رհɡҵҪǵķɴȻǽԴгұһ·ʴȣ˵˵֮Уʴȵǿ˵󣬾ǹЦ
ߵĻȴɫһ
˵ʵҪеԴʲôԥǣԷҪԼķɴѽܵġΪڷɴϣŮ
ǿŵıԣǼԼŮ
߲ĺ
ô㲻Ը⣿߼߳һâ۾˸ɱҲ֮ͷų
죬С϶ԸɴϽеԴֻܷһҵķɴϣ˵Ĳˣܱţ죬Ҫ˼С϶ķɴЦ˵
ɶ񣡡
϶Ϊּۻ𣿶֣һҷɴػ󷨣ҵҪ϶ķɴϣʲô˵Ķһ֣ȵ
ಣ
䣡һºǿŵļڶŶ񣬱Ƿ׷Цų֡Щˣϰɱ¾ϲġɱˣǸе˷ܣǹﶼеܡ
ƴˣ
ϧһУС뿪һҧҲᶨ߼ʮ˵
Щߣ׷ȡԼ׼սóЩǿţҲη塣ǣ߷ǳģûһѡڴʱܣǶѡһͬɱ
¡
ɴػ󷨣ܿͱǿ˻ơ˫˲ɱһ

ҵģ
ǿŵǿɴ۾ĹЩߡ
ǿŵǿͶǾŶ񾳽ߡЩߣȴԪ񣬾Ŷ١棬ǿҲԶߡ
ԸһӴһʮ߱նɱ
ֱӶޣԼǿ
ߣҲǿߣսͨԼӡڼ̵ʱڣмŶ񾳽ǿС
־ƴǿŵļߣһʱ侹ҲƲס
ڲԶһֱսߣ¶Ц⡣
϶ʵǲôӾԳɱ㣡бŷ⣬Ӱһ߳˹ȥ
߼߳Լ֪Լֵܵסһȴһ۾εĿУĻᡣ
Сߣŭһ
ߣŮӷɴڿٳ
үүŮԡѪսߣ˻ߵĺС
С㣬ߣŮҪƴһѪ·

һɫӰԶ˷ж
ɱ
٣ӦǷӪԷ֮Уսҡҡͷʵ̫ǼһǿӦǵ۾һ
ע⵽ϢΪǿߡ
ɱе˫ܺñϣһңһȴСֻǣһƺֻǱ¾ˣм߱ɱ
ѰɣˣҲҪ¡΢˶ٴҡͷ¡
ڵľԣֻ磬ҵԼӺŮ֦
죬˹ˣǿţ˷˽ӽľԣæ˵
ţˣ߸ճߣδüһнɱ


1391 Ϊ
طѾܱܽȷʵһЩ߳û
ƬڣȻǲͬġ
ߣ»ûв֪ǿŵġû߱ˣҲһ˵Ҳһʶҷɴҵġ
ǿŷɴҵϣһɫͼһߣԶԶҷɴͻӴܣӽ
Ե󣬱ʶ
ԴʱȷʵƫӽУԲ£ֻӸ򴩹ѡȻ﷢飬ҲΪнսԶԶܿһȦ
ֻһˣڶУûгɴǿ˵
ʵʱ˵ҲѾע⵽˾ԣԶһߣϢƺʵǿ
۾һתĵ˿ҲߣӻǴ˲ԴС
ȻСǿţдĵ
ߡߣȥǸСˡǴ£ȻܣһͷȡԵúܿģԸֽĿ⿴ߡ
ϼһԭɴϣǲôһεεСˡӾϲϸƤСˡɭɨһڼ߱ҪȥŮ
ֻڿǸûлߡߵ˺ŮҪץģǼѾɱˡ
ţü
Լλ÷ٽӽˣ϶еĴϢȻǿߡϢǿᣬӦֻͨ
Ե۾˶ƽĿ˽ӽҪ˽ӽԼʲô
Сӣ·㲻ߣȴߣá±Ӽסˣ߾ߵԶԶͷЦ
磬ҿСһϸƤģӦúܺóԣҪץģȥһɭɭһЦȵĿžԡ
Ȼǳ˵ġ
˵ĶԻﻹЩ˵׶
ô˫ɱܾͲѰ𣬶ɱˣЩˣӦǿ
ߣԵĿУһ֮
ֲ֮̽ܲڿռ̿糱ˮһӿȥ
ʲô
ãæ˷ǳǿ󣡡Ȼͨǿݣ֪ɱΣյĸӦҪͨܶࡣ
ԣδӴԵ֮ʱ͸Ӧ˼ΣյϢæͺԶĶ߰æ
ʵʱҲ˲Ծ߻δµʱҲѸݳˡ֣ͬʱžչҴ֪ͨߣӲӡ
һա
ǿռУԭƽķܣ͵ķ̼ϯߡ塣


ҵסֻһ˻ɢ
ԼƮƮһιֵͨܵģ
ûأ˱˾Уʬ޴棬ֻƶռ͸ָһ㽫Դ
Ŀһתߡת˲ͱɱһ
ߺߣµĵɽһεɲôҵġôԼǰȻ䲻⣬ǳķŭ
ȴûžԳȥǼթˣѾǵ۾εǿߣҲ׵ðաɱɫǳɡ²⣬ߣʵǺǿܿǶһһǵ۾εǿߡ
ûмųȥһת
ʲôˣΪҪ߰£ԶԶģʵ
ʱ˲ƵĺߣҲԻɱǿǿߣǷǳɵĻɱԭѾ飬ʱһ˿ϣֻϣָ֮ܿ˰
ɱͨΣ
ԼҲܱȽɱͨ߱ˣǺмܵߣһǿߣУǶǿߡǰǿߣǶҲ졣
ߣҲǰ£ЦǵҪɱҲŶԣЦһ
ԭһᰡһΪ߰ءȻᣬ˵ͺˡѲȥҾͷһתЦ˵
оԱȽΣգԷΪھеĴ㡣


1392 
ҲԼΪˡ
ܱǿô꣬ɲʲô˶ȥġȣ»ɴҵж϶ԷǲǺǵġ
Щķɴȥӡ
ΣǴ͵ķɴҲ׳֡Ŀ꣬һ㶼ǷСͷɴϡ۾εʵÿγֶջ
Ȼźᣬƺô׶ԸģֱӾҲˡȻεңܱǿ﷭Ҫǿöࡣ
᣿΢С
ҲΪֻһᡣֻһͨôӦѾһ˰ɣЦҡҡͷ
ԵУѾɱ⡣󣬾ԸоЩŨصѪһȺˣԲ֪࣬ж޹С
ȻԼԼҲ˳ֽǼҪǺߣŮԼŵļߴЩо
ԵĻߵɫ˸źĹâ
µ˼ִҪ߹ȥˣɭɭȵ
ʱǿŵˣҲΪԵĵֹͣ˶ЩߡߵΧɱЩˣһŲԶľԡ
ȻڸղţԻɱߡͨǿŵˣȻû˾η徰ԡ
ǶԼ죬ųġǵߴˣǿǵ۾εǿߣ磬ҲǶǿڡ
Сӣѵܱ˻ǿǲܣ
ǣһȺǿѡǻֵãǹȥЦһ
ھԵ棬ת
ˣѵߣԶѪ𽥸ɺԵĺߣĿžԡ
ߣһ˵ǿšߣһЩͨ񣬶֪ǿŵĶ
ԣߣô᲻û뿪ţѾʾô뿪ƫƫ뽫ǿһټӡ
Ǵ཮ɣǵһ磿
Ҳﲻֻϣʵǿлɣ߿žԣ̾ϢһԼŮˣ˵ȥﾰ֮ġ
ŮҲص˺ߵߡߴŮ޷ЩǿİΧȦշתһȦֻ֮ص˺ߡ
ԵĻŭӿһȡ
ţ͵һֺȵϣɱ֣
һ֮ϰǿȺžԳ˹ȥȺŶ֮Уżεǿߣһ
ϰٵ⣬ǵصžϯȥƵܣռ䶼˺ѿǿµƣ·ܹһС
ϢһתȻ䱬
֮֮
ʱͿռ䷨˲ϢƬռڡЩǿӰʱڿռڲһ£ٶǾŶ񣬻δߣ·֮С
Ǵ߶ųǷĴ߶ҪھԵʱͿռ䷨֮£ǵͽ͵ģ˫ʵ̫ˡ
ô£
޷ѳ
ÿµķܣҸоԼסˣ
ЩǿǣЩˡ֮˱סǵǲ⡣ڵǣˣǷ֮ס޷ѳ
ֲ̫ˣ
𣡡ԿûиЩǿ̫ʱȥ
ʱͿռ䷨ܵĿ֮£ܣʱɨ˳ȥ
ԵĽȻûɱռ򣬿ԾڵʵʩչܣǷǳֲһâһܹġ
Щ鱦εķͬסԵĽââ֮һƺ߽
Щǿϵɥʧһͷӿȥ
գ֮䣬гһǿԵĽ춴壬

ס֣۾Ѫ죬Ҳû뵽Եʵǿ˳̶ȣϰٸͬʱΧˣȻԴûκв
ˣգʱͱɱˡ
ȡԼĺɫŭ֮УԾչ
һ۾εǿߣ˺֮£ʱͿռ䷨Ŀռ䣬гһžɹ
򣡡תĿɨһۡ
γɵĿߵ壬͵ȥ


1393 û
һɼǿ·ͻأ֡ǵ۾ǿӦ͸͵³
壬ͬʱʩչٿط򣬶зǳ˵Ӱ졣
⧲֮£ҲһĿеķͷŭ˲Ϣ˲١Ѿʶ֮
ݵʱԵĽܣûֹͣ
ȻΪߵĳԶʱյķӡɳ˺ܶࡣЩŶǿߣȻûܼʱ뿪ĸǷΧ
ǿռ֮УһɫâţÿһâոһǿǿҲ޷ס
ǰȴûκΰ취ʶλǿĵ۾εˣƺ޷ǴӶǸоȳ
졭

ҽ˷˻ȣ
ϰǿ⼫̵ʱͱɱһաǿŴʱֻʣһ˾ʱߣòײŴѳϾǵ۾ǿߣһǲס̫ʱġ
㡭㾿ʲôˣߵЩ˻ơ
˻Уȴǲһ֣ǿռ֮еһƶռսǬС硣
֮󣬾ԲתߣеĲϼ΢΢̧
ҽоԣ཮磡ԵĮ˵
ৣ
ɫĽ֣ڿռһ󣬱Ϯߡ
кɫޣҲ͵˦һ£һɫڿռڳ֣סԵĽ⡣
ߵʵȷʵǼǿġһɱǸھеĹǿˡҴʱǴƴˣܶʩչ
Ҫ״
ռףһܣһųȵĻ渲ǣֻ˲Ϣ֮䣬ǹҪ߰ΧȵϢء
ಣ
һתӴܶȥ
ǰһ̣ŤƺҪ뾰ƴӡһ̣͹ϵѡˡǿŵķɴӴܣ෴ķɳۡ
һٶȣȷʵǺܿ죬תӳǧƴĴ߶ٶޡ
Զĺߵˣɵˡǿ벻ֻɷһ죬Ȼôˣ
ʵϣδ¶ࡣ뾰ƴǾԼڶֶΣҪɱߣҲһǳ׵顣ߵʵһУܲǿģϾҲһΡ
ԵսĿǰҲһһ֮䡣Ȼû볬һֹҲһָоԼԳһӦǵвģ籩ɱֶټСڵԴ
Ҫ볬һ棬Ҫռػ򣬽ɱռǲϣ
ܣ
ûôףһٶȻ
һռʩչ׷ȥȻԳһ壬þԵռʩչ೸⣬ɾǿʩչҲǿԵġ
ȫӴܵߣоһǿϢƽŤͷһǿԳھֻмʮĵط룬ȫֱܹӶˡ

ٶôô죡ɶ񣡡ߵɴ۾еǺϵ֮˻ͷ֮߷˼ޡ
һ⡣ɼˣҲ޷ùԡ
ԵĽӶٴû
һʩչ֮ǰԵѸ˹ȥ
ѹ֮£ߵٶȸâϯ
ҴˣϴԴˣ֣߽ͣ߾ܣһɫâֵס
Զû뵽ǣȻˣ֮ǰļɫȫ෴
һĻ߾ȻֱžԹۡ
ԴˣһĻᣬҲ뾰Դˣ߰˵
ߵΪþԶ
񣬾̰߲ЩΪ˻ԲҪκϡǣ벻һһǿߣȻ¹ġ

Բʹ֣ͣһĶˡˣϧ
̧вϼķǵء
ʱȴͻȻͳһĶһա
һµĿռ䷨ܽ٣߰ס
Եδ𣬵һɿռ䷨֮£ûκáߣƾʧھǰ
ɫӦǷɿշһĿռ䱦


1394 
տΪóռ䷨Ƶķɿշǳһ޷
ԵӹϸƬռ䣬ȷʧͻȷʹƷɿշĿռ䱦
⵹ǲȫԤϣɿշ౦Ȼ󣬵ߺôһǿߣǿ۵ԴضǺģŪɿշ֮ıҲ
л˾֮
ʱ򣬺ߡŮҴļߣԽǰ
ֱʱ򣬺ߵĿУһŵɫ
ȷʵ޷ǰߣʵߵǿߡۿԷ֣ԲλоԵߣ˿ֲʵ
ʵ཮վڽ˵ġ
཮򣬾Ŵ磬һȷʵҲ١
ʱߵֻԼˣǿţȻоǿ·ҳ־ǡλԴ·ЩˣûлĿܡ
лˣߣֶŮԸ
ŮʱĴžԡҲܺ棬ΪȥԼҲ͵ˣ˿ֲʵȻҲ֪кܶ࿴ĴˣʵкܴˡֻǣԼһָӦλԴʵҲǺܴ
үүĻæԾǷ峺л
԰˰˵Ҳ˿˵ҲȺáԭΪгԹûֹʡȺˣȴȥҡ
˵ģʵûؾԣԿܺܿʹƬɹȥˡ
ô˵ǾԴ˾ҳ֣һȺˣ϶ڽˡҲ䵽ǸħСϿңС϶ӪƽŮӪ顣
Զ΢Ц˵ͷ
ԴˣĪǵһ磿Ӫƽʵ
ţȷʵǴ཮򣬵һΪһЩ飬ҪһˡĿǰλá
С϶Ҳ཮ߣǳԵһ硣һȴкܶʱ䶼ڵģһСˣڵһ֮ż󡣡
Ůǵһ硣ĸĸڲǰ˵һһǧǰѾڶԷˣһרȥ˵һ罫ӹû뵽ǿšӪƽ˵š
ЩҲ÷ۣܿӪƽˣᵽĸʱʹ񡣵ǣ˵ʲôأ
ֻû㹻ʵΪĸĸ𡣡Ӫƽ˶٣ּ˵
Ůһšᣬһ꣬Ѿ̤񾳽硣֮УҲټˡӪƽ˵ʱĿĿӪ顣
Ӫɫ΢΢˺죬΢ͷ
ԴˣҿֻһˣҲûչˡ磬ߡӪƽתĿԡ
ţ۾
ʲԴΪͽÿյʱ΢ָһ£ҲˡӪƽ˵ĿƵĿžԡ
Сӣǻ̡֪ԵͣŮҪСһЩԣûжͽͷ
磬кܶǿһЩŮӣҴߣæһЩ¡
Կ˿Ӫƽֿ˿ͷɫǺ츳ȷʵòҲׯΪӦû⡣бȽϺõʦָ㣬ΪŶкܴܡ
ǡ
磬ɲΪͽҪ
磬һҪҪȥԿ£Ҳܽߡվҡͷ˵
ԵĻӪƽʧӪ飬ϺɫҲȥʼЩס
΢΢Щ̡
ɣǽﻹұΪһӡ˵һ䡣
ллˡӪƽæӪ˵
ȻûֱӴӦͽչ飬һΡӪƽҲ֪ŮӪټԵĿԺܵͺܵͣ¼飬˭˵أһ죬ٴμԡ
ллӪָһЩ
ţǾʹ˱ɣڣԶӪƽ˹˹֡
ԴˣڣӪƽҲæ
һǿŵķɴת͸ѾķɴŦ
ҷɴֵɲ͡Ҳ˳ֵ飬˷̫ʱ䡣


1395 ̸ɽ
һʱ󣬾ԱͨĽ㣬˳С
Ĺģ϶Զ཮һȵġ
磬ҲȷʵǷǳӴˡһλϹ𿪱ٳ磬֪Ļۣȶ̶ȣ絮Ҳǲضá
ķԳһ壬ȻԸһ磬͸оһЩϤϢʶԾ֪ԼָоԭϢǳ֮ơ
磬ӦþϹʱڵ𿪱ٵĵ硣Ѿȥܾúܾã磬Ȼתšڣߡ
ڣûεǿߴڣǶεǿߣֻвٵġ
ڵУߵ˵Ҫơ
Ҳǣ˵𿪱ٵĵˡǾԵʦտʿٵ磬Ҫߵơ
Խûеʱ䣬΢΢ĿתӦŷͶѩ
һΣԺܿжϡҲļͶѩӦþ֮ڡҪģѭһ˿ӦҵĸŮˡ
һǰȥ
̸ɽǡ
УһͨĳС
ڳһͨĽֵϣһֽ߱ľ¥
߷;ѩ߱¥֮ڡ߷ÿ죬ҪʱȡһԴ
߱¥̸ɽڣģǰڸ߷;ѩ֮ǰ߱¥Ҳһ㣬ΪλƫƧһЩڳġ
ԴӸ߷ĸŮ߱¥ԽԽáÿ¥ƳԲﲻʱҪŶӵȴ
õԭȻΪ߷˵߱¥Ŀ֮Уд붼ǳŸ߷ġЩˣȻҲˡ
ʵ཮ľŴ磬Щ֮Уò߲ټ˵ܶࡣ
ǣһЩòŮӿܼһκܾޣɺܿͻǡһЩŮӵǺò԰׵ȫݳġ
ѩ߷һʣǺܶ
оԵʦտʣͬʳǾԣһۣһϵĸо
Ůӣͺǣ˻ǣơ
߷ʲôôæ㲻֪
ھ¥һСֿУ¥ëҵ˸߷ɫ˵
߷˫ü˿ëġ
Ĳȥ
ʱ棬һ뿴ˡ
ô˵߷㵽ô£ëļ߷ĬɫʱҲ̧һЩ
ܴˣ߷￪˵ǸĪӺܹ֣ܲܲк
߷˵ĪӣһȽߡˣ̸ɽǵ棬Ϊļ壬̸ɽһ塣ĸףļ
ԴĪӣһżȻ䷢߱¥ĸ߷󣬴ǿʼ̸ֹܻø߷ﷴСտʼʱ򻹺ãĪƺԼ߷ע⣬߷ٳûзӦʧȥġ˽ڣԽԽԼǸªˡҲø߷ÿμĪ߱¥ء
˵ʲôأ
ĪӿĪҼĹӡҲ֪Ī̸ɽǵķ
ˣȥĪǻż㡣߷ҿɾ㣬ĪӲˣʲô¥ɲ㵣šëǾζĶԸ߷˵
߷ΣֻóȥŲĪӵԲ
Īӵһ˵Ŀ⣬̿˸߷
Ī֣ѽ
ȷʵ֮ǰһΪĪԶпءһ˾ޡ
ǣȻ·̫һЩ
Īͬļˣ߷󣬶΢΢񡣶󣬱㶼һĪЦ˵
⼸ˣĪ֮⣬˶ǵһҲΪĪӲŻ
ߣҵ۹⣬ʲôʱ̸ɽǣҲҲڶĪƲƲ죬˵
λĪӵòΪӢ
Ī⻰Ҳòϣ
ǰ֮ǰһ벻СС¥֮ڣȻ˼ˡĪֵ֣ܲò˵һ䣬㲻ص纱֮ɫȻôòŸң
ǣǣһˡ˳˵
˵ûй˼ɾԱߵĸ߷ͺȫ߷ﵱ˿߷վҲǣҲǣΪΡ
߷Ҹһ¡λĪӣתͷһ߷ָ֣ͬˣһһ˵ݡˣҲвСı
λӣ߷Īӵ֣Ͳ豭ٷڼǰǷ


1396 ҲԸ
һϵˣŸ߷
ĪӵɫȴһΪղ߷֣߷ȴˣúûӡǣԼѵ档
һĨĿ⡣
ͻȻһ뽫߷ק߷һģͱקĪӵĻֱ۳ӣſס塣
߷ϣҲ¶ŭݡ
߷ʲôԸֱˬЩ𱬡ȼŭˡΪŮѩܼ뿪ˡ
ʱ򣬸߷ﻹѹסеķˣͻȻĪӺݺƿ
Īӣأ߷˪˵
Ī΢΢һ񣬶ɫ۾Ҳ΢΢𡣴ǰе֮Уһ˿ɷת
Ը߷ûˡֻܿţȴԲ˼类èץһܣ͡
Ƣܴ󰡣
ȻһŮ˲һĪֵӣȻ
ǰЩһŮˣĪˡѹĪֶ߷һֱĪδ֡
⼸ˣĿ˵
ǵĻĪӵĿ絶һ㣬ڸ߷ϡ
úܶ
ʱ򣬾¥Ŀˣ·Ҳо˴յı仯һЩϽĿˣƶԶһĵطЩ֮Укܶ඼ǳŸ߷ġǿɲĪŮˡ
ûˣԼĪӣ˵֮ǵʬͻᱻڳ֮Ұϡ
߷ĪӶŸ߷
ҶģǺܶܶࡣڣѾҶģĥˡ
̸ɽǣĪҪŮˣûвֵܵġ߷֪ܾҵ³𣿡Īȴ͸һζ
ϣһѹͷų߷ˣѹ֮¡߷һͼ񾳽ߣѹ£·ѡڸ߷Ķͷϣູˮ߷Ľ΢΢š
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ĪӣѾеˡǴαƣ߷ŬһĪ˵
е£ǺǣĵĪЦֿ˿˵
ļͬ飬ҲЦ
˵ˣ˵滰Ҳȫںǵ¾ĴڣҲһЩԴǣȡᡣʶôҲһַ˵ĵĪЦ˵
߷ɫҰס
߷ңԺȻĺӡαأطźЩĻҿΪṩԴԴϵԴӦ֪ҵһСֻҪңԺ̸ɽǣ˭Ҵ⣿Īɨ¥
ߣĿע£Ѹٵͷӡ
㣬㵽ԸⲻԸ⣬ΪĪŮˡ
ҸղѾ˵ˣҶѾûˡ߷ÿٸһ𰸡ĪĿ⣬ص˸߷ϣͱˡ
߷Ŭ̧ͷĪ
ſڣһһٵҲԸ⣡
䣡
߷ｫĸ˵Īգϣһɿֲܲɨ¥Ĵܸ֮¡
Īվһ
ž˦־һƣڸ߷ϡ
߷￴ĪĶĪĶ졣ǣ߷޷ֵҲ޷ܡʵʵ̫ˡ֪ĪҪ֣Ȼûκΰ취Ӧԡ
ˣΪĪǳصģЩӣˣԸ⣬ҵҪôԸ⣡Ϊ֮ڣҾû취Ū𣿡
죬ұҪߣҵҪ˭ңĪĿ⿴Ÿ߷
߷ʱ򣬾ЦֻЦݣžζ
뵽
ҲĪߡֻǣ޷ģŲŮѩԼ˾ˣŮô죿
߷޷Ƶľ
طûκܰ
ڳڣһߣȷʵɵϣǣĪʵ̫ǿˡĪһЩʲôΥз飬ǳΪһͨߣĪĴ

̸ɽ֮⣬һϮɫ۵ľԣ֮нԼٶȡ
һУ
ͶѩӦþˣڡҪĸŮˡԿǰһӴĳУм
ǧˣ
Լӵ͵֮󣬱ҲûмͶѩǡڣڿԼˡ
Խ䵽棬ӳ֮СĳУж࣬ػ󷨡Ҳй߳ͻչأӳŴһЩǷѣ뵽ڡ


1397 
߱¥ڣѹֵգ͸
߷һ飬ԸԸߣĪɭɭĿӸ߷
Ը⣡߷̧ĿҧűݣĪĿ⡣
߷ľϣԿһ־ı顣

ãܺãĪЦ
Īӣʱ򣬾¥ëĿ첽˳һЦݡ
ĪɨëһۣǲмЦЦ
ëУȻֻһصС˵ëССľ¥ܣ߱¥Ҳʲô
˾ģǽ߱¥ΪƽأҲ顣
ëģҪ˴ߡ㣬ǲҪңĪڽʵ
ҲңĪӣǧҪᡣëæҡͷ
˵ʱݺɨ˸߷һۡ
Īӣ߱¥ܵġŭ߷ｫĪӼŭø߷ʱ򣬾Ͷ˵вǧҪźĪӡ
û뵽߷ﻹǼŭĪӡ
߷㻹ĪӵǸĪʲôݣʲôݣԼʸܾĪĪӿ㣬ĸҲ̸ɽڣжŮӽĪӶɵãëĶԸ߷
߷û
ıѾ˵һУı⣬
˶˵Ļѵûëļ߷ûκλӦ۾һɣȵ
ëܣĺܿ߷￴˿ëģ˵
㡭ëĴŭ߷̬ȣǳŭ
ˣĪһ˵ëģ㲻ܸı˵뷨ô죬ֻǿдˡ߱¥Ұɣ
Īв˵
Ȼ̫߱¥߱¥¥̸ɽڣһЩӰġ߱¥棬ֹ߸߷ܾͻ޷ִ󡣵ʱ򣬺ܾܿͻһЩ鷳˵¡
߱¥ֹͺðˡ߷һͨ񾳽ߣǰûκηصġ
߷Ȼ˲ʶôͲܹ־¥ˣëǶԸ߷˵һ䡣
Īӣ߷Ѿ߱¥ˡڿʼ߱¥ûκιϵĪΣ⣡ëĿĪֺõЦ˵
ëⷬĪĵ˵ͷë¶һЦݡ
оĪЦݣëֻȫͷࡣǰλӣĪҵݣԼδŴĻԺ󻹲ɻڴɱȣ߱¥һҪǿ̫ˡ
ëĵ۾תһȦ
Īѹ˵Īӣһ£ҾбҪ㣡
ţĪ΢С
߷ȷʵӦеµġǵ²֪ʲôطԴ߱¥Ҳû³ֹ֮ܶ϶е£ΪһŮһֱߡ
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ҾãĪ㣬ܻһЩȤë˵
ˣ̫ˡ
Īˣǰǲ֪ѩĴڡǣδѩҲ֪߷һŮߡëĲ˵Ī˾Ͳ֪ڶʱڣǲ֪µġ
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ǣʵëҲԶԶ硣ë񾳽ߣôܱͨɱأ
ëֻǲм΢תǽ߷ˡ
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߱¥֮⡣
վǰ͸¥
ʱ򣬾Եɫޱȵ
˸߷￴˾ѩʱޱȵϲáɽ龰ȴеɱ⣬Ϊʵʡ
Ŀ֮У˸ĺâ
ƽһգԱ˽ȥһۣԾͿȺеĸ߷˻ߵľĸ߷Եӣ߷
Ե࣬·һ⵶ݺݵһ£ִʹ裡


1398 һɱ
ӾԽ¥ɲǣ֮УǱŨɱ֡
е¶ȣ罵͡⣬š
ÿˣоԼ׹ߡ
ԾŸ߷һ߹ȥ߷ǰ֣߷ֱۣᡣ
߷һ˫Ŀžԡ
ʱ򣬸߷Լǳ˻þžߵߣȴһֶ˵ڡ
޷ȥžĳˡ
Ǹǲܵ顣
磬཮򣬲֮СԼ๫ԣôܻ磿˵εĴڻߡҪ཮磬Щ޷
˵Լ๫Դ཮磬ô֪Լڣ
Ը߷ΪԼ˻þΪǣԼŭԼ˻þ̫뿴ԣ̫뿴Լ๫ˡ
߷žЦЦݣŴоۣſھԵĻЪϢһᡣ
ܿˡŸ߷裬˵
Ե߷˼άָžԣĿֿܵˡĪëģһЩԶԶľ¥ˡ
ѵһвǻþ
֣ڸ߷ḧһ£Ǹطָۡ
๫߷Щȷ⵽ǻþʵ

СӣʲôˣĪӾ
ղҲǱͻȻֵɱסˣžߵ߷ߣû˵ֱʱ򣬸߷ﺰ๫֣͵Ļع񣬼ɫĶԾʡ
¥ëģҲüžԡ
ѾˣͻȻֵߣӦþǸ߷ĵ¡ԴӸ߷߱¥֮üʱ䣬˴δֹգͻȻ
תĪ
ھԵУĪѾûκˡ
Ǹëĵܣͬɡ
Сӣ㻰𣿡Īŭ˻
Ǹ߷ĵ𣿡ëҲžԳ
߷ﲻ̸ɽǵˣӦҲǰɣ㲻ʶĪӣĪ̸ɽĪҵĪ̸ɽǣǿ֮һĵ¸߷Īӡëļ˵
ᳶһ£¶һŹֵЦݡ
˾Ǹ߷ĵ£
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ô˵𣿲˭ùĪӡǣĪӸһЩԴԶԶģԶҪ̸̤ɽǡ
ЩΧ۵ߣعҲĿھԵϴ󣬶һֵӡ
ǿ߷ȻѾעĪŮˡ߷ĵˣҲܸı̸ɽǣĪӾǳ棬ҪĪӡ
ĪҵļȥǳǰͷгĪҼƺһЩðȻֱӱĪҼһҲûκ׷˼ֻǷԸĪҼԲҪֱͨӽ
Ǻǣ߷ﻹе¡ĪЦ
СӣҲ߷ǰʲôϵڿʼǾûκιϵˡһᣬ㵽ĪңȥȡһЩ񾧣Ȼ͹̸ɽǣԽԶԽáٸҽ̸ɽһҾҪĪ˵
ЦſĪ
ĪԵĮʵ
ôĪ˵ģĪӵеģĪӲ˵ˣһȥĪȡһЩȻ̸ɽǡëǰһָžԡ
Ѿ⣬ĪĴˣһᣬĻᡣֺˣĪˣ˵ֱӸĪߣԺ̸ɽǿɾˣЩǿߣ¶Ҫӡ
תĿëģһü
ָ̧֣΢΢һᵯ
һ۵ָӡ˲Ϣָ֡ӡûκεɢ
ָӡֺһʧ
һ̣ëĵ壬ȴͻȻȥſڵϡ
һʱ䣬˸Ͳ֪ʲô顣ǵ۾û۵ָӡëйָӡٶ̫죬׽
ëͻȻ£ǶûʶëǱˡ
ǾˡΪëѾûκϢҲ˵ëˡë̸ɽȻǴֻ߱¥ܣôҲһ񾳽ߡ
ʱë񣬾˴ҵעĿ֮¡
ڳÿһˣסˡ


1399 ȫµ
գÿ˵ߣž
֮ڣеĳУǽֹ߻ɱ¾ġ
ûд󱳾ߣͲڳɱ
̸ɽǣĽֹ߻ɱġгҲڳڽ
ȻʲôطȨ׼ڡĪˣڳɱˣҲƨתߡ
أЩͨȥصġд󱳾㹻ʵͿԼ̤νķν
ÿˣĿֱⷢžԡ
˭ڳɱˣ
ĪӲֶԸǳӵõϢҲܿͻһʱ伩á
๫߷Ҳžԡ
ʱѾ֪Լ๫磬Լǰǳ˻þ
Ȼ֪ڣ϶ϸѯʵʱ
Ѿ̸ɽǴ󼸰ʱĸ߷еķ
Ծɻɱëģ߷Ҳ⡣ë񾳽ߣԼ๫ɱëģ˵ԵʵԶԶëģҲǺǿ
ţҲǸ߼ΰɣ
ǣôô죿
ǧǰԲŴӵ͵ǰ硣ľԣֻһССһѡ
߷Դ磬磬֪ߵжôļѡǲȱԴҪ񣬽񣬶ѵ㡣
˸ϧԿ˿߷˵
ˣҲһֿĪϲһ㺮˪
๫̸ɽǣǲɱ˵ġڣӦÿ뿪߷Щģԡ
㲻õġڣʲô¡ǽͱƣգҲҪЩˣȫµԶԸ߷ҡͷ
߷һ˫ĿžԡͻȻ֮䣬ҵеĵģƺʧˡ
๫һֺη
߷Ը⣡
߷û˵ֻóžԡ
Īˣžԣ鸴ӡ
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˵Īһ£ҲڳڹɱˡȻĪҵɱϾĪҼ
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߷㾹ȻῴĴ
ĪȻΪɱëģͱסĪҲߣҲ֮ǰﵽԪ񾳽硣ľԶ֡
׿ԼݲᣬĸʵҲȫ¸߷¡
ͬͬ飬Ҳ񾳽ߡ
ʱĪѣҲվһֱĵžԡ
ˣܻ㣬ȴˡһֿ񣬿Īҡͷ˵
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硣
ĪȻҲɵӡ׼ֱӳɱëģ˵ѾˡһӣֹҲǺ顣
ԣצӡʱת㱼ӿžײ˹ȥ
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ͨĪӿʱ򣬾ͻΪ촷ˡ
ʲôĪԳ֣¶ЦֻЦܿסˡ
ΪԼĺɫצӡûԼĹǼץ
ĪĿ¶֮ɫ
Īʱʶ߷ĵ£ʵǿֻǱԼǿöࡣ
ŭһ߶ޣҲת
ǣεֵһжͽ͵ġһצӡ˺ķֶΡ
֣Īͬŭ
ˣҲ֮лָͬʱԳ֡
ߣһĮɨˡ
˵ĹֶΣֱӾͱӡסռ䷨ѹƣСС񣬺޵ֵǵĹͺǶӡ˿ռ֮СԿǹγɵĹΣ˿ͣǵǰ
ɵˡ
ʱһɫצӡȴǽĪһӦһǿķＤ֣׵˺顣
ž
צӡĿǾĪԴϡԴһűˤڵϵϣķѡ
ĪĲҽھ¥ڻصţ壬ǵȥ


1400 ͱ
̸ɽǣ

ӣٱЩļС
ͨɫУӳǽɫС
ӵҲǸ߼ߡӳģҪӵսܵΡ
ϰżеųɶУվһɫ۵ǰˣǳһλһŶߡ
УҲֻжʮҶѡÿһмߵĵλ
߱¥λޱ飬ֺȵ
ڸղţõϢ˵߱¥ɱˡ߱¥ëģѱɱ
ëȻֻһСڳڣھ¥֮еɱˣ̫ˡϢл˵ʵǿëͨûκηͱɱ
ԣһԴϰǰ߱¥Ҫ׵ˡ
߱¥ڡ
Īͬ飬ռ䷨֮ס弸޷ʱǵ֮УѾǿ־塣
µҪ
һ£ǵݱǵʵԶǵߣԷҲҶǶ֡ڳ֮У͸ܸҶǶˡ
ڣͬˡ
߷ĵ£Ȼںǵݡ
ǵǰԴϡõĪõ֤ĪɱˣȻҲܳɱǡǣҲеĸܵˣʵĿֲƬռתķ֮ѹƵֶ̧
ʱ򣬾ԵĿ⣬Ѿˡ
Եôһ˶һ
㡭㾹ȻɱĪ֣֪֪ʲô
ʵǿǿߡɱĪ֣ҲӳȥһˣɫԾԺ
ʱȻвԡЩˣƽʱǿˣΪƾݾܽκìܡ
ĮЦЦ
ĪǺѣҲʲôöԵ˵һ䡣
Ե仰кȻƴҪѿռ䷨
⼸ˣȷʵҲ֮ûһ޹ġ
ɱǣҲΪˣҡͷ
ͷ΢΢һ
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ˣѸٻɢ壬Ҳֹͣ
ھԿռ䷨֮ɢȥ˵壬ȥ
¥ڣʱ׵ÿ¡
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죡
Щ¥ĿˣʱŷӦ뵽þ뿪Ƿ֮ءڵһ˴ͷȥʱҲƴҪȥ
ǣЩûܳɹ
ӿеݺݵĽǵ˻Ǳ˵֮ǰλãɫѿ
Ϊ֮ˣɫ۵ĽһŶ
ĿһɨǼʬϡţɫͱˡϳ
̸ɽǣҲһǳӴļ塣ʵȻ΢ĪһЩҲһһ
ϣûκȻ͸ˡ
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һ
˭ףȻкʣĿѾ˾ԡ
ڵλãʬԱߣ׵ˡ
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ЩߣԾ֪Ӧ̸ɽǳӡ
㡭ֱ졣֪ɱʲôˣǿǰ֪ҵ𣿡žԣָһʬ塣
ҵǲ֪ţĪһģȻһߡüҡͷ˵
ĪӣأĿһתɨȺȴûпĪټ
ǣָָԴʬ˵
ԵĻʶĪʬ塣ȫһ۶ˡ
˵ʵĪˣҲûκκøСĪȷʵǳеĶһǣЩ˵ı̫ǿˣǳѶֱӵĽ
λУʱֻһͷڷĳˡ
̸ɽǵ죬Ҫͱˣ
Ī
£Բܴġֻ÷ˣҲͷˡ
㴳ˣ⽫ٴһֿ˵ڣ߰ɣȥ


1401 ÷
λ۽̸ɽǳˣ÷ƿ̸ɽ֮ʱֻһͨ񣬴ʱһֱ÷
ҲǾ˵ġ
ڣȴһС
̸ɽǵĪҺңͬʱѣֻǳԳ棬ѹƵסĪҼһˣʱ˵Ӷ
ɫۣǳߣĽ֣Ѿעˣɡĵ£ΪƯŮˣҲӶˡ
ģǽ˴سóԷ䡣ǽĪҡңɳУɳ˾ɡ
֮ǽ¥ĳ֮Ժ͸߷ﶼΧ
ʱ򣬾ȴҡҡͷ
Ҿȥģ˷ҵʱ䡣Կ˿߷ֵĮǽ˵
ɲˣ۽ɫһӿ
˲ϣǾֻǿжˡΣԲôӳ̸ɽǡ
۽
һ֡
һ嫵˲ͷų
ৣৣ
һӰɳȥ
ھԵĿ֮£ЩһֻֻСһ㣬ȫǳ׼ĴӾ¥ŷ˳ȥ
ʱ䲻ϰ㱻һɨաԵӵľ¥һָֻյ
۽Ҳ⡣
ЩˣӶҪǾ̸ɽǵľȻ֪ʵȻ֪۽ʵ
֪ĽˣǾŶεĿǿߡ
ڣ⽫Ƕ޷ͱ˳ȥ
ô߷ĵ£ʵжǿѵεĴ
ǿҵĳвǰʵǣˣȷʵӦǴߡλô˲һ
뵽߷ĵǴߣǶʶס˺ҳǿǣܰ
磬ҲǺٵġ
ȻϣĸߵҪúܶࡣǣΪ̫ˡ
Ҫ֪֮ڣߵҲֻǧˡȻҲǰĴ¼ֱӹϵһ֮սУǿ˲
ɲô˵ҪΪߣȷʵǷǳѵһ¡
̸ɽǣ洦ɼ񶼱Ƚϳߣͼ亱ˣܼġ
¥֮⡣
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۽ͬĿľȻھ¥ڣԲϣԼԳֵġɻû֣͸оһ޷סԼȻԼͱ˳ĻᶼûС
ףǸˣһǿߣԼ̫߳ࡣ
ˣʵֲ̫ˣǸô죿һɫжӳ˿۽Сĵʵ
ǶЩ˵ʵҪסһߣǲܵ顣
ô죿ܹܴͨˡǣҲҪȥˣλǿȻûɱ֣һοɾδػˡ۽˵
֪ǾҪɱǣѾʬˡ
۽ĻҲɳһ
ȻǳͬҲԴߣûκΰ취
̸ɽǳ
ʲôһüߣ鿴ԼѶʯڰѶϢ۾͵һ¶һ֮ɫ
ǳܹܣҲһεǿߣг֡
ˣӰһų÷סıԺȥ
Ƭ̺
ˣˣָսԺ䣬ͼĴ
һ䷿Ż򿪣һӰӷ߳
һɫȹĳŮӣ㡣ǣȴһֵϡ
̸ɽǳ÷ʱ߳䣬Ŀֵܹܳϣü΢΢֮ҲһЩɻ
ߵܹܣԳֵԸȻ˽⡣ܹóʧ̬£ȷʵС¡
ˣֿ÷
ʲôˣ÷ŵʵ
ˡɫʱ˵ĪĪƣڲ֮ǰɱˡ
ʲô÷ϢһɫҲ΢΢һ䡣
žʶ϶˺ص飬ȴû뵽ءĪƣһкܴ鷳ȴһ
ô£÷
ȷ֮Сֻ֪Īȥ߱¥һи߷Ůˣ˵Ů˷ǳޡĪȺ˵ƷԣӦҲжšֶ˶١


1402 
ĪЩ竣÷ǲİҲֹһΡ
Щ̸ɽǶһСƷԴӣ޷졣
ԣڳ˵ʱ÷ʹԼľһĪ˼Ǹи߷Ůޣ㲻⣬Ȼ߷ĵˣŭ֮³ɱǡ
ֵ֤÷Ĳ²ȫȷġ
ƽĶۣ÷ʵҲĪ競Լı̸ɽˣ˶ԼĳҲǺ¡ǣǵı̫ǿˡ
¸δ÷Զǳ֡
ǸɱĪ˵ߣʵΪǿ󡣰ԽصϢԷӦǿߡԽǰȥã޷ɹ˶ˣδˡּ÷˵
ܹܣҸô÷֡
⡭ְü˼һ˵ɱĪˣʵǿҲ־ܡҿ磬ȲȥܡʱĪҺұضҲõϢǲȿǵĴ㡣
ҳ棬ǵʱϸ˵ǲֱȥ˱ǳҲиȨַ˵
ţĿǰҲֻһһˡ÷ͷ˵ҲʲôڣҪȥ߱¥һˣʲôͷ

̸ɽǣĪң
䣡
һɾ˵ܲĪҸۡ
Īҵӵܣܵܲһ¶Ȼ֮ɫ
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һ쳹֮ۡУżķŭ
Īӵ֪ܶĪҼĪȹȵ
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ټȫϣһǷļش顣ҼǵһμټȫϣǰһĪңȫ濪սѵһΣĪҪһ忪սˣ
ڶĪӵܣ˽̸š
ͬʱһϢҲĪҸۡڲ
˵ʲôĪˣ
Īɱˣôܣ̸ɽǣ˭ҶĪ֣ǼĶӣǼԲ£
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ಡ
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Щ֮Уһλ̫ϳϣĪȹһǿߡĪ֮ڣһλǿߡǿλĪҲ̸ɽǳưԣʱԳ棬ԡ
Īȹȣòģȥмš̸ɽǣ˭֪λĪҵļһƢΪ𱬵ˡ
ʱĪȹȱĿɨڶ峤ϡ
λ
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ʲôݣʲôΪˡ̸ɽǣɱĪҼĶӣͷۣҲ֮أ
Ī⺢ӡȷʵЩ軵ˡλĪҵ̫ϳϣҡҡͷ
ĪٶĹĪңҲԲһˣĪ⺢֡ǸˣҶĪ֣Īң
ԣ˱뱻𣡡̫ϳһתȵ
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ҵһȺˣҲƺƵģ׼Ӹۡǰ߱¥
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ܿˡŸ߷
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£ᵽ˽ȻҲ֪Ī˱Ҳһưոݡǣһ߱¥Լ
֮Ҫ߱¥֮ڣǵǹ
ھԶԸ߷˵ͬʱٿؿռ䷨ͨڷڵľѩֱתƵǰ


1403 
ѩһֱڷڣŲȫ֪淢ʲô顣
ֻоͻȻһµͻȻ֣ͷǰһڡ
֮󣬾Ѿ뿪˷䡣
ѩܿ˿
ĸףѩĸ׸߷վԼߡ
ȵıոϸֶ֣ھԵϡţϵı͸⸴
Ѿмǧʱûм׾ˡ
Ȼ׵òһֱԿԺ֮Сڣʱ˿̣ۿԺ󣬾һʸУ·Ժжڸ׾Եӡһģ
뿪͵ʱ򣬾ѩʵȽϵͣҲС
ѩſڣžԡ
ѩҲžѩԼŮ
ѩ֣Ǹ߷ġʱ߷֪йŰѩԱ㽫Ů֣ΪѩУҲ⡣
㡭Ǹףѩڷ
ˮĿһ˵ԻСԣҲŮĺ󱳡
֪ĸףίûˣˡԺҲίº͵˵š
ô˵ѩȻ̧ͷ
ףкܶ˶۸ĸף뿪ɣѩžԵ۾˵
ţǻߵġԺû۸ĸףҲû۸㡣˭۸ǣҾҪ˭ԵȻᡣ
֮Уȴ̺ŰԵ
˭۸ҵˣ˭͵
ǾԵǾԵľġ
ףôĸ˵ﶼ硢཮ˡҺĸ׷磬Ҳ֪ô͵طǸôģѩѯʾġ
ȷʵǴģҿԸӦǵĴڡԣѭһ˿Ӧ磬ҵǡԼ򵥵Ľһ¡
ʱݵ飬ҲûǸ棬ǾѩĸŮܹģǻͨ񣬾̫̫ˡҪﵽ񾳽磬ȥӴЩ
һΣԼҵͶѩ취ǵʵʱڣҪ÷ĸŮΪ񾳽ߡ
˵ԾڵҪ߷;ѩ񾳽磬һѵ顣˳Ϊ񣬱Խһʹõ浤֮ĵҩˡ
񾳽磬ʹõ浤̫ΣˡʹãΪԵȽǿвһķ
߷;ѩҪȽʹõ浤ȽϺáʱ򣬽浤ĸŮ˿ٳΪ߼
Ӹ߼񣬾ͱȽˡڵľԣҲΪһЩԴҲδܿȥ⻹ҪԼʺͻԵ
๫ղЩǸɫ۵ģӦһ˵ЩǾŶ񾳽ǿߡôǰȴм֮أ߷ʱ򿪿ڶԾʵ
Ͼ̸ɽǶ󼸰ʱˣھ¥ⱾϢ֮ͨءԣЩĵȼʵҲ˽⡣
˵ǾŶ񣬾Щͨ񣬶ڸ߷˵һ߲ʵĸɽŶ񣬾͸ˡ̸ɽڣŶǼǿˡЩ֮УŶҲࡣ
Լ๫ԣһ֣㽫ЩǾŶ񶼶˳ȥ
ѵԼ๫ԣʵҪԶԶŶߣѵԼ๫ԣѾεǿߣ˶൱ǿ
߷ЩЩ˼У̫ʡ
һŶ񣬲ʲôġ
οھŶУʵֻһ㣬սԶءЦЦ˵
ʱѩҲܵ쳣
ղͻȻ׾ԣ̫˷ܣԲûʶղԾʱŷ֣¥֮Укܶ˶þֵԼĸ׾ԡ
ȻʶЩˣҲܲ³ӦǾ¥ĿˡңЩ˵Ϣǿ󣬿񾳽߶в١
ǣΪζηԼĸף
ѩ۾תתɫһ䣬˵ϵʬ塣Īˣʶëܣʶġ
ëܣôˣ
ѩʵҲϲëˣ˶ĸףƽ٬衣ڿëˣЩ˵ġֻǣëô
ëˣЩ̸ɽǴУȻǲҳݡھѩҲ˲õĴˣ˲񣬶һǾ¥ݡ
ѵǸɱ
Щˣĸײ⣬ɱǡԿ˵


1404 ˷
ڽֵϣһ߻𼱻ǵ߱¥ȥ
ˣ߱¥¥һŶ񾳽ߡƽʱʱ䲢߱¥ھס̸ɽǣһСլӡ
Ѱ֮ʱ߱¥ʲôëܴܲˣŻԹá
ڷţõһ춯صϢĪĪƵˣ߱¥֮ڡϢŴˡ
ֱ
߱¥̸ɽǣֻһȽͨľ¥׿¥̸ɽһӰ٣ĪҡȻǰһֻ϶ѡ
˵ĪҺԼľ¥Ϊ߱¥¥ôܲ
ڸյõϢʱֱ̾ߣ뿪̸ɽˡ侲ִ֮뷨Ϊڶ뿪̸ɽǣĪҺҪ׷ɱҲѡ
Σ¡
׿¥
׿߱¥֮ʱԵ档
Կ׿̹˹֣һк
׿¥̸ɽǵˡ÷δ̸ִɽǵʱ׿߱¥ѾӪ˺ܾáʱ׿¥ѾǾŶ񾳽ߡ
Խ׿ԣɫˡ
·ϣһֱϢǴģĪƲδ߱¥֮ڡڣˡԽΧ߱¥϶Ƿ˴°
ҲԶຮѣһͷ˽ȥ
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ʱ߷;ѩò׽̸ɽǣҲˣ׿¥Ҳھ¥ڡ߷;ѩ޿ʵҲܵ΢㶯֮ģ
߷;ѩߣȻԽ̸ɽǣûʲôĻķ棬ǻǻᱻȥģûд񾧿һֱס˵׿¥ˣҲһݶġ
Ȼ߷߱¥ڣܵܶίǵ׿¥ĸŮ£ǻ֪µ顣
ŵ֮У߷Ҳᵽ߱¥¥׿߷һܣԾ͵˵ͷ
׿¥Ǿԣ߷ĵ¡ҺܸмܶԷĸԮ֡Զ׿¥˹֡
׿Ŀ⿴˿߷ֿ˿ԡ
ĿǼʬϡ
ëģƣ
һԴѵʬѾòԼҲжϣӦþĪĪ
׿¥ʼ΢΢
군ˣ
ڰǳڵ£ø߷ĸŮ߱¥ˣڽշȿµ飿
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߷㡭׿¥ɫΪѿ
ʱ׹ߣȫԶԾԴкδǣǿŸ߷
㵽ףҴѰˣ׿ˣĪҺңԲ᲻ҵ鷳߷Һˡ׿¥һͷһҡͷ˶Щħˡ
ü
߷ﱻ׿¥ԹɫҲЩΣֻܿԼ๫ԡ߷Ҳ֪֮󵽵׻ᷢչ
޷ȷܲܵסĪҺҵı๫ȻǿߣĪҺңҲǿߴڵġ˵г档
ڳɱˣɱ˴Ҳ֪ܵɣ
׿¥һᴦģҲ˵ŭ𡣡Զ׿¥˵
ʱ׿¥ٴתĿԣ飬ûΪ仰κεɡ
ЦЦ˵ΪĪҺң𣿾㽫ȫԼϣĪҺҾͲңͲ߱¥̫ˣ
׿ʱȻûʶǿߡ
߷ֻһͨŮҲͨͼ
߷£жǿ
ɱĪˣѾ˺ܾˡһȽǿߡ

ҵģʵںЦЦ
ǲҾɱǡԽ˵һ䡣
仰׿ȫ͵һ
Ƿ֪֪Լ˵ʲôĪҺңɱǡֻôܴһ˵Ŀ˵


1405 ɱ
׿¥Щɵ۵Ŀžԡ
׿¥֮ǰչ˷ͶѩҺܸмܵĪȶ˵ȣҽûмʱϵ߱¥ҵĵҵŮ֮ǡ
ĪǵӣɱҲӦõġߡ˵
׿¥ԭأ治֪ô˵оԵˡ
һ˵ʵǵĪҡʵǿǵĵԼȭͷ
׿Ȼ뾰Զ˵ɻ̲ס˵һ䣬̫̫ˡ
ǺǣҵȭͷȻǴ󣡡Цһ
ˣ
ʱ򣬴棬һ޼ɵѹɨ˲͸߱¥ѹǿҵɱ⡣ˣȻǵˡ
ĵͦ죬׿¥ǲȳȥ¥ڿռ̫Сʩչ˵ھ¥ڳͻҲܲʧЦЦ׿¥˵һ䡣
˿߷;ѩʾ󣬱ȥ
߷ѩžԡ
׿޷ҲֻӲͷƤ˳ȥ£Ƕ㲻ȥģܻܲҪĪҺ˵ˡ
ˣܰԼ˵仰
ĪҺȻǿƣԳ÷ˣһЩɵġϾˣŮڳĵӡ
Ůһǣ̸ɽǣʵŮƿسеһ
磬Ҳк֮ܶĴҲƿغܴ̣Լкܶ߾ۼĳС
߳¥֮󣬹Ȼ棬¥ϿգڶӰѾִǽ߱¥Χס
Щ֮Уһˣó˵ءԽҲûκξֱӾԷ˹֣˺Զ
²ܹܵģȻĪԼȥҲú⡣ĪôǺˡ
ĪҼĪȹȿԵ˳񣬶׿¥ϡ
׿ҶĪڣĪȹȳɷɱȻ
Ī峤ŭŭҲլ˵¥£Ըոյִľȫ׿æ͡
׿̬ȣҲ⡣£ԭ׿ˡ˵׿ԼûʲôĹϵ˼ȷʵûҪԼϡ
ߣ׿ҶĪˣҶҪĪȹȾӸ¶׿ȵ
׿¥ԣʱȫְ֮
Īĸףվڵϣ̧ͷĪȹȵˡ
òţȷʵĪмơ
ĪȹȵĿ⣬ɨԣֿ߷;ѩ֪ԼĪһʱ侭߱¥ΪŮˡ
ˣĪգҶˣ֮أĪȹȶԸ߷ȵ
ȻѾõϢ˵ԼĪɱǣȻڴŶĪû˵ǲ˸̸ɽɱĪȹȵĶӡ
ĪȹȵɫʱһĿ֮Уŷ
ֱһӶ
߱¥ڵʬ壬ȫɲ֮䣬ƶ棬ݺݵڵ֮ϡ
ûԴģĪԶĪȹȣָŵĪʬ壬˵
ĪĪȹȿĪʬ塣
ȻĪԴѾûˣһ۾˳ϾӣΪ۰ҲΨһĶӡĪѾûκϢĸӦıĪ

Īȹŭ쳹𣬼̸ɽǡ
ڣߣǵõϢ½˷߱¥ۼ
֪죬̸ɽǣһ顣
ԶϣдӰۼǶԶԶĿţҿǿűĪҼԴڶǿߣΧס߱¥
С֣ҪʬΣ̫ˣҪϵ⣬һ˺Ҫ꣬нҹðĥĪȹʢŭ֮£նŤȥǳֲ
۾ͨ죬ȫɱ⻷ơ
ƣ
ʱ򣬴һߣִһ
žͿԶϣʮӰЩˣˡΪ׵ģҼƵĸס
ҼԶһ۾ͿƵʬ塣
Īȹһ˫ĿҲһӾͺˡ
˭˭ɵģ˭ɱҶƣվҪ㣡Ҽŷڵܼٷз
վھԲԶ׿¥ʱ˿̣һѣС
ʵϣҲϣԼܻʹȥλ峤ȫʧ١


1406 ޶ߣ
׿¥
ɣɣҲùãⱲҲܽˡ
ҡҡͷҲ˵һˣ
ĪȹĿһתһҼ
ƽλ棬ٲҪһ¡Īң̸ɽǹϵ㲻һ㣬ĪܻһͿԿó
ʱλȻûкѵͷ
ͷûС˴ŸԼǿߣ֮ƣԼ
ɱҶƣĶԾŭȡ
һŭȴͬʱ壬Ҳ΢΢һ
ֱ̧ۣת֮ӿ
ԾͷţǶվھߵĸ߷ʩչƺҪ߷ӾץȥҲ֪ˣԼǸĪ߱¥ƯŮˡ
ֱӶԾԶ֣лǣĪҡĪȹȵĶĪҲɱֱӻɱԻ׽þԣĪȹȿ϶⡣
Ȼŭ֮£˼άԣʱı⣬ȶԸ߷֡Լ֮ԻףŮǵ
ֵĵһʱ䣬ĪȹȾͲˣһǶǽи߷Ůֺ󣬱û˵ûȥֹ
ԸоҼǰһܲЦһ
ֱһ̧
ռ֮ڣ֮͵һ¡
ԿھǰĿռ֮Уһˮһζ
Ҽӡռһ֮ϡ
˲ŵһĻͷˡǿߵӡǱˮֱ
һûдǺƵ̺ܵӡ𽥾ڿռڳڵͷ·δֹһ㡣
Ҳͨζûдﵽھǰץ߸߷ֱ롣
ԼһĻҲǴһԼһγֵܡȻûоȫҲһŶܵסġǶľŶҲɵľ͵ס
򣬾ԲѴ֮㽫Ĺ֮С
Īȹȵı飬Ҳϸ΢ı仯ӾԵϣӦ˵ĴϢ
ˣѵҲߣ
ĪȹĶžԡ
磬ҲһҪֻɲǼ䣬ٴγĪȹȵš
Ī峤峤
ԶˣһɫӰٽӽ
ɫȹ̸ɽǳ÷ʱ÷ڵͬʱҲɨȫ˾ԵˣҲ˵ϵļʬ塣
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÷ĪȹȺˣתĿ˹ȥ
ˣ˲ͬͬʱ˵
ԽҲӭǰ÷÷ӻ֣ʾ£¿ĪȹȺ
ĪƵҺźλ峤ܹ侲¸δóһôķ÷˵
Īȹ϶ʱ¶Ц
Ȱ˵ңҿ޷óˣ
գ˱ɣҪŮˣҲǸģŮɣͽ峤ˣ峤ӦòĪȹȵ񣬴Ӹ߷;ѩɨֿ峤
Ī峤ǣҲЦ
߷;ѩԣ÷
÷üҲЩŭƿ̸ɽĪҵȼ˵Ǽġֻǣ̸ɽȶ
ֿƺһֱֻĪȹȵΪ
˵ʲô
ûüٿڣԾѾ˶
޶ߣһȴӿд
ŭˡ
ĪȹȽ仰˵ôʵѾûˡѾûˣܾȵ
˵ʵĪȹ˵֮ⷬǰԻûȫǲǽĪȹȵֱնɱڣԵľѾɶҡ
ž⼸ִӿдȫϢ级һӿɱ⣬ʱһƬضס
ǾϽЩˣ׹ߡЩԶģҿΧߣеĸܵǴ̹ǵĺ⡣
ţֲͷ֮籩
ھ⼸ºһ޴ӡĪȹȵͷȻĻ¡
ĪȹֻоԼ壬ƬռסˡܣԶǷεΪǲѳȥԼתüΪϾףǿռ䷨
ֻǣЩռ䷨Ϊ֮ǿ
ûʱø࣬Ϸľ޴ӡѾ
Ŭ̧ͷʶ˺ڰ
˿ģǣĪҼĪȹȣǺɫӡֱĳ촷ۡ


1407 ȫû
ĪҼɫӡĳ촷ۣⲢǽ
Īȹȵ꣬Ŵð˳֮УĪȹȵвޱȾžԡ

Īȹȵ壬ֵ
֮ǰʶԿεߡǣû뵽Īȹھǰ˲һһжס
ǿµĺɫӡ̺ܣȫʱ˿̣ɾһԽεĶǿߡ
ĪȹԼȻδﵽΣ֮ͨҲǱȽǿġȻ϶вҲԲûл֮

찡ĶĪôȲεĿ

ʱĪҵڸ߲㣬ŷ·𶼾ѹǵļǰնɱǾȻķӦʶվ߱¥֮⣬ȥǳߣĪҶǲĴ
ʱķչѾǵĿơǵļ˵նɱƺҲס
ô죿
ſĪҼһĪҳϣžһŭ𣬽űԸ
ž
λŶ񾳽ĳϣڿٸ֮УֱӾͻΪһѪʼգԶûһۡ
ڳĪˣҵһȺˣȫһһɺ޷Ƶ
㾿Īȹȵ壬Ťšֻʣ壬ĪȹȻܱ塣
ŵ񣬴ųǵĺ⣬Īȹȵ塣

Цһ˵ҸģȻǸϧһˡҲΪӵĶӣǣĪҡ㷽ųϿҵĵǸҵҵŮǸһҲԭǡ
ǣ̫ʧˣĪңңҺʧԽ죬Ƕһ
ͷһͷĪȹȵٴηĲҽԿĪȹȵ壬Ƭ̼ɢ׵ʧƬռ֮ڡ
Īȹ֮󣬾Ե񣬿Īڸ߲ʱ̿ʮĪǿߣȫڡ
žžž
һѪըѿʮˣεĳ֮⣬ȫ˲Ϣ֮𡣾ĳϣҲֻ΢ֵƬ̣ͬԵĽ顣
һ̸ɽǻصš
ӣҼڻعһӰ㼱Զݡ
ʱУֻһͷǸϽܣ뿪طң̸ɽǣҲǶһ˵ڣҲ˸Ҷָֻš
ɽ죬Ȼ⡣
ĪҵʵһҪǿһĪҼĪȹȣĪʮֹȴ˶ݵʱȫû
̫ˣ
Ǹˣ̫ˡʵȫﵽѹҡĪҵĵز
һȺǿߣĽкһҲӦܿ죬ƴĴ߶תܡ
վ߱¥֮ǰ֮дһ˿Ϸʡ
ʱˣ
ھԶĪȹȵ˳ֵʱĪҡڳ˵ˣѾעˡЩ˻ᣬЩ˸ճֵʱѾˡ
ѾˣɣԵ˵ĺ󷽴
򣡡
ʩչɲǼռڣγһµ֮£ŤΣ߶ֳΡ
ڸٷеߣ֮£嶼ֱӴ֮ϵݺݵˤڵϡ
ҵȺˣֻһ硣ˣԶǾŶǣȻ޷뾰Ե򿹺⡣
˵ǣ֮Եߣһ۾εǿߣھԵǰܵӰ졣
ˤ䵽ϣԵû⼸ʮˣڵƴҪվƾǽ߶ޣ޷վܶˣɿµ֮£ȫѪҺ
֮£ǵܵѹǷǳֲġǵﵽһǳ˵ĳ̶ȡһЩŶڵϣֱҪ֧Ŷ
峤ڵϣ˻ߵġ
ˣҰ뵽˳÷
ղ÷ʱĪȹȣ÷ûءڣȴҪ÷ǡ
÷Ҳ΢΢һĿһתһϮɫ۵ľԡ
΢΢䶯һ£÷˵λˡ
÷ȷʵΪ˼
ûеȫ˵ռڣǳһžܵĽâ


1408 ֪޲
µĽâһʮǿû
Ƭ̺󣬽âɢ𶯵Ŀռָ֮ƽʮǿߣһҲҲˡҼͼڶ೤ϣʬ޴档
÷촽˶δ˵ĻҲںжϡΪ飬ѾûҪˣҵһȺѾˡ
ͬվ߱¥ǰ׿¥ľ
ԭΪԼˡ
ĪҺҵľ¥֮ڣ£κϣܶҪ
һŶߣĪҡȻȷʵҲ˼
׿¥׼ӭˡȴ벻ĪҺǿߣ˵ıҽ̸֡ɽǴ壬Ǿ񾡳ȴڶ̶ʱ֮ڣȫû
׿¥ʶĽĿ⿴ԡ
ˣ߷ĵ£Ŷôֲʵ
׿¥̲ס뵽ڸղţ߱¥֮ڣ˶˵ĪҡҵıʱΪǷˣиĽ̸
ڿմԼ˼ңȷʵǸʵѹš
ֿ˿߷
ЩףΪθ߷ôһǿĵ£ȴһֱ˵Уǿĵ£Ϊθ߷Ůѩֻͨ
࣬ίʵ̫һЩ
ԶʣЩ̸ɽǵߣǶԶšľҲȫǵ֪ǵ
УĪҺǺǿĴڣ̸֣ɽǣǳ˱ᡣ̸ɽǣȫֻˡ
ǽ죬ǿߣȫڴ˵ء󣬽յ̸ɽǣĪҺҽӴһ겻񡣲Ҫãܾͻ̸ɽʧ
ΪɱĪҡҸ߲ǿ߲֣ĳˣҲһĻᡣ
ĪңҾһֱŷǳǿҵìܡң᲻λᣬĪҳײĪҵʵֻҪŶ񾳽ĳϣˡ
˻ᣬ֪ץסҸ߲ɵˡ
˵˭
ÿֲʵҲǿߣǶɣ
ߣҲǶǿߡ򣬲ôɱĪҡҵи߲
̸ɽǣȻ˿µ
ĪҡǿˣҲı硣
߱¥飬Ҳڼ̵ʱڴ̸ɽǡһһ½õȷеϢ
֮ģǰӿȥĪҺңǰռ̸ɽǴԴءĪҺҪסЩҵǾˡ

λˣ÷ʱǰ¥ǰ
˵Զûн
ĪҺҵĸ߲ȫû̸ɽǵ֣϶µϴơ
Ϊ̸ɽǵĳȻҪֶһΧڡĪҺ峹׸𣬵޷̸ɽҡ
ʱɲϣʵֲǿߣһƻԼƿص̸ɽǡԣòվ̽һ
еĳ÷־ԼɣǸ߷ĵ¡Կ÷˵
÷΢΢
ĪҺҵˣð㣬ҲǸǾȡɱǣûʲô˵ġ÷һ˵һ߿žԵı仯
ɫûʲô仯˵̸ɽǣĪҺңǶĴ塣ԱڶࡣЩԱĪ竣ԡ
֪˼̧̧֣÷Ļ
̸ɽǳϣȶ⡣˵ҿֱ˵ҿԵΪֹֻҪˣǰɡ
仰÷飬ɳ
Բٳ֣ǽ飬״ˡɳ棬ڳڷĳͻɿءĵǣλὫԼŭ𳹵յ̸ɽǡˣҲֹ
ǰλֳʵѾ˵һСǣԮɲ򲻵ѣ
ˣԴˣ絽¥̸׿¥һԣĿ˵
׿ȻͺܴˣҲ棬ʱȻúܡ
Կ˿׿¥
ô˵׿¥Ҳ˷ͶԣԶ׿¥һЩøеġ
пһЩ£Ҳһֿ÷ʵ
ֻʣһ֪޲ԣ÷̾˵
ʵҲ棬λǿǴӺζ


1409 ʥ
߱¥ڣ½
߷˵ġ
ѩҲһֱóݵŸ׾ԡ
֮ǰǻΪܴﵽ񾳽˲ˣ뵽ھǰĪҼҼǲһĪҼˣǣεǿ߰
磬վڶĴˡĴȴԼ๫ףǰָͱɱ
߷;ѩȻΪԸе

Ǵ཮ģ÷΢΢ݣȻ˵ѹ֣Ҷ˵֡һƣڣǿߣҲôЩȫû˵
ҴҪΪѰҷͶѩǡԵͷЦЦ˵
ԼҲûʲôġȻ཮򣬿Ҳ֮е𿪱ٵĵ磬Ҳ硣
֮Ҿ˵磬硣룬磬ѵ𿪱ٵĵ磿Ŀ
磬ȷʵϹ𿪱ٵĵ硣÷˵ͷ
ҲǿߣһСŮڳģ˽⣬ѰܱȵġһЩصϢҲ
ԣһ¡
Ȼ磬ôʥؿɻڣϢЩ仯
ʥصϢҲڳ֮صõġ
𿪱磬һֵʥءʥأҲǿû֮һ
⣬ͺɽȡǽտܹ磬ȹ磬ô϶ͻø߽СʱЩҲὨһɽȣԻЩǿġ
Ѿȥܾúܾˣʥأ治ڣҲȷʱ̫Զˣκ¶ܷ
磬Ҳһżһɺϡ֮ǰҲ֪Ͷѩ֮С
Ȼû磬Ժ϶ǻһ˵ġΪڳ֮شӦ˺;Żá
˺;ŻãǸܾúܾõʹӡǵҲǴ˺ܳܳʱ䣬ʥظҲ
Ȼڳ֮ڶܳɻǹ磬ʥءԣھ뿪֮ǰԣҲһЩϣܵ翴һһֵʥǷʲôʡ
ʥأҲ֪÷¶ı顣
ߣ֪ʥغɾ཮ߣ཮֪ʥصˣ϶ࡣ
šԵͷ
ʥأѾʷˡ÷ҡҡͷ
ʥأǰһֵġ˵ʱʥޱȵǿ󡣡÷˵
Ǹʱ˽ⲻࡣϾԶûô󡣶ʥأҲǶš
ô˵ʥѾˣü
ʥҲΪ
Ҳ÷ҡͷ˵ʵϣڣȻкܶ˻ʥء˵ʥصĵ̻ڣֻǷѳ˺ܶǣΪӣ˽ҲǺܶࡣ
ǶʥȤԺҽ̸ɽǵ鴦󣬱ԴǰŮڣӦñȽʥص÷תĿ˵ֲҲŮڵĵӡ̸ɽǣŮڿƵĳ֮һ
ҲãǾ鷳÷ˡͷ
Ƭִ̣ܹܳ÷һЩڵ¶̬÷ԸǣҪԳһ¡վǲϣ̸ɽ̫ˡ
棬ĪҺҵӵܣܶˡ
׿¥һʱ䣬ǻҪ߶ˣԶ׿˵
Դ˲ؿסþסãûκ⡣׿æ˵
ԾĴҲͲþһʱ䡣ƺ˿Դ׿ĹϵͱȽܣԼ˵Ҳž޴ĺô
׿¥߱¥õһʰþһӾס
ڷڣֻоԡ߷;ѩˡ
ԶĸŮˣϸĽԼӵ͵֮󣬷ĴСС顣
߷;ѩҲĿ˵Լǵ۾ε֮ҲŴͣ˷ܼš
ǣҪͣһЩʱ䡣ʥص飬Ҫ˽һ¡ϾܴĶݡԿ˵


1410 ս
ǳ֮أڿܻ޷ϵɹ̤硣
֮أ𿪱١˵ûǾԿȻǾŶ񾳽ߡ
ˮھˣԲΪѾãʵʵڵĶ顣֪ͼǾԵԸҲǾԵΪˡμȻ磬ҪעһЩһֵʥء
ھ˵߷;ѩȻûκ飬ȫԵġ˵ܺ;һ绹཮Ҳ
ʱһȥ
̸ɽǵҲڳ÷Ŀ֮£𽥵ƽµĸ֣ɵĽ
ĪҺȥĶ壬Ҳ̨ȻȥյҵҲȫϷִ
ӵܶԣǵѾܺˡ÷ֻˣûмܻȻʧȥ˾ųɾŵĲƸǾ˵ȥ
ڲ֮÷ҲԸܹ֣ܳһԴ
һʣھԿΪӴԴ
ԭԲûдӶĪҺҲҵĹϷ֮зһȻˣȻҲƴǡǵ˾ΣҲԼԴࡣ
˵ҲȷʵҪԴͨԴԼòˣǸ߷ҪѩҪиԼϵܵ˻磬ҲҪ
÷ԴҲҪֺþԣǰذ¡
̸ɽЩԴӹϷĪҡҲҵЩܵõλᣬҲȫΪԡԣǶԾԴ󵰸зһ飬ûκε飬Ҳ顣
֪ŭλס߱¥оԵǿߣôǵļ壬ҲᲽĪҺҵĺ󳾡
ԶʳȻҲÿʵǵʵԶԶھǰԶʳ
ʱ߷;ѩҲŬоṩԴǵٶȶܿ졣ǵ츳ͲͣҪκԴԶṩ£ѡ
ʱһΣǼ¹ȥ
̸ɽǳ
һգһɫȹŮӣ¡
÷˵µ̾ͼˡ
ʦãôˣ÷һ£ѯʡ
£ʦáˣŮΪɫĵӡͻȻδȸѶ÷Щ⡣
ʦ㣬սϾҪʼˣԼһ֮ǣҲ׼ǰǣǰ˳̸ɽǹ㡣°ڰЩƣ˵
սһºʼôô磿Լʱ䣬ǻм𣿡÷΢΢һ¡
ԭԼʱ䣬֮󡣵ҶȺɵĶͻȻҪǰҧҧݡ
սÿͻһΡǣŮں͹Ҷڡ
ս壬̡ÿһζսŮں͹Ҷ֮䣬һţʧȥһԭԼƿصĳС
˵սһ֮ĶԶģԼһнжԶġһʧȥһУʤһõһ³ǡ
սڵʱ䵹ǲԼǴӾǰſʼǰŮں͹ҶΪ̣һս˫˶ܴ󣬴֮˫Ϊ˱ű𣬲˶սֱȽŵԷ̵Э顣
ʦ㣬ǹҶ̫̫޳ˡ
Ҳ֪ҶΪҪʱǰڿǺҲʹӦˡմӦͳ˴⡣¼˵
ʲô⣿÷üʵ
ǸոմӦµĶսʱ䣬ʯ۾㴫Ѷ˵Լ޷Ůڲμζսºݺݵһš
ʲô÷ɫҲһ䣬˵ʯ۾ǺǰʹӦŮڣǲμӶսôͻȻڣ
⻹𣿹ҶͻȻսʱǰŮڸոմӦʯ۾˵ܴŮڲսߣ϶ǹҶڸʯ۾ŵ˸ĺôǣһȺαӣŭ˵
Ƕսô죿⻹һʱսͿʼһ۾εǿߴŮڳսҵǿߣʱҲȫˡ÷˵
Ҷھ㡣ûа취ֻþԳ֣˵
Գ֣÷˫üδչ
ʵû취ƺҲֻԳֲμӶսǣŮڵȻҲǵ۾ǿߣҪڶսлʤϣĲǹҶμӶսߣʵǿڵ۾֮Укܴ


1411 
ŮҲǱƲѣ
ŵԳսһûʤİգ²ߡκһ˵ŵ
ŮҶڵĶսŮڵԳ֣ջʤ˵ʧܣ𣬾ţҲܴܵĳ
οŮں͹Ҷ֮ڣϵ̨ߵĶսܵĹעǺܹ㷺ġһŮڶսˣŮڶԿɾ͸ˡ
Ϊˣ÷ʦ˵սУԳ֣ŻһءĿǰŮҪζսҲǲУͬŮڴܶĸӰ죬ˣŻҪһǳع͸޳ܵĹҶڡ
ţҲûа취ˣôһʱ䣬Ͳҵ۾ǿ߰æصͷ
ʦ㣬̸ɽǾǲԶҪҪȥ÷ʵ
̸ɽǣȷʵǲԶ´ǰǣҲ˳̸ɽǡ
ȥҲá÷ͷ˵
ʦ㣬׼һ£ԺͳǰǡǣӦҲܿͻִǡ¼÷ҲȥǣϲһЩ
Ҳûʲô׼ģʱߡ֮ǰһҪһλĿǰ̸ɽ͵Ŀˡ÷˵ĿˣǾԡ
ˣ۾תһ¡
ţλ̸ɽǲã˽ʥص飬ʶŮڵˣ˽Ƚϸ÷ͷ˵
λڳ𣿡ʵ
Ŀǰڳڣ̸ɽһ¥֮ס÷ҡͷ˵
ʦ㣬Ǳ𵢸ʱˣϽλ˹ȻһǰǾǡںǣӦúܼܿˡҲһȽϻԾˣȻѾǿߣʱȻԵëꡣ
÷ĹϵȴܺãҲΪ÷ܽһԴֱӹϵ
µĻ÷ȴҡҡͷ
λ˽оԣɲһʦãȻˣһȥһ÷ЦЦ˵
ɫ΢΢һ㶣Щɻ÷
ˣԹȥλоԵĿˣλˣʲôͷѵʵԶǵǿߣǣڣƺҲû˵һλоԵǿߡͨУûվˡ
߰ɣǣ͹ȥʦãһλ˵ʱɲʧҾǣޱҪͲҪ˵̫໰÷˵
ʦ㣬ɲҪŻң죬̤磬Ҳܶĥѵģʲôûѵ˵ǸԿˣΪ仰ðɱҲɣ·˵
÷һۡ
ģλʵǿҲǶεǿߡ̸ɽǵĵһ죬ɱߡĪҡҲϤһ˵塣壬Ѿ˥ˣǵļǿߣǱλɱ÷˵
³Ծ۾
÷˵̸ɽǵҲ΢˽⡣֪ʦ˵ĪҺң̸ɽǴ
û뵽ĪҺȻ˵군군ˣļɵˡ
ʦ㣬֪ˣǿȥλˡ̸ɽͨУȻжǿ߳û˺氡ק÷ĸ첲ҡ˵
߱¥
Դˣ˷ŵ˾¥˵Ҫ㡣
׿¥һӾסķ֮⣬С˵
ʱ䣬׿Ҳסھ¥ڡԼ߱¥оһǿסСź򰡣³һ˿
ڵľԣ׿վһ
Դˣһ¥׿̹˵
ţ׿¥ˡԶ׿˹֡
ˣһͬ¥һ¥
÷ˣվš
÷ԣæ첽ӭǰ£ڷ㶡
ʦĶʶҲȥǣҿҲûһˣʦ˵ˡ
Ȼ˾ԣֻǣҲ벻ȥߣʦ˵ˣǶǿߡԣֱӽԺˡ
תĿֿ˿ʦ÷Ҫʡû˵÷ȴǸɫ۵Ṫ˹
һĻſڣһ˫ĿҲŵԲ
ʲô
£ϸĿ˿ԣ˫üо˲ֻǿᣬӦᡣбȽϸߵϢĸӦ


1412 ֮
һ˫ۣžԿ
ʦ֮ǰڳʱ˵ǹˣһǶεǿߡڼˣеĲʵ̫ˡţԼϵ裬Ҫжһ˵Ĵͣкܴ©
ˣԲкܴ͡ԣôǶ
ѵֻλоԵǿߵֻ֮֮Сʦ˿
еɻ󣬺ܿȷˡ
÷΢΢󣬿˵
÷Զ÷˹֡
һԣһ˫üһšȷˣʦ֮ǰ˵ľԣȴĸе֡͵ߣǶʦ᲻Ūˣ
ʦãλͬʦ£ҲŮڵӡ÷мһ
ԡ¼÷۽ⶢԼЩ̫Ըļһ
Զµͷһ۾ͿҲͨߡ
ǰѯʥصϢ˽ĲϸҲ׼ȷԵʱû˵̫ࡣڣŮú󽫻ִǡ̸ɽǾǲԶҹʾǷһͬȥǡ÷˵
ԣİšԵ˵ͷ
ʲôطŮڵԶνŮҲãںҲãԾ˵ûʲô
÷ʲôʱʵ
ԣھ͸öˡ÷ֱ˵
ǺãλԵƬ̡Կ˿÷¡
ת뿪ߡҪǰǣԿ϶ҪӸ߷ŮѩֻԼ뿪ĸŮԿɲ̫ġ
ʦ㣬ǶǿߣȾ뿪̲ס˳
ţҲǶͨǰһжסĪҼҼȻ֮ͨͨҲȽǿ󣬶ұֶҲһЩǣǶһ֮ڱģûκᡣ÷֣صĵͷ˵
ʦ㣬Ҳ֪Ϊó򣬶ϢӦܸоͲԶ˶ᡣͣôǶ»š
⡭÷ü
Ȼ֪ʦóʦ˵ԵʵͲôӦòǣԱֳʵĿõġ
츳ߣкܶļɡʦãͲҪϾˡֳʵһ㲻÷˰֡
˻£ԾʹŸ߷;ѩһ¥
µĿ⣬˸߷;ѩϡ
ʦãλǾĵ¸߷λǾŮѩ÷˳ֽһ¡
÷Ľܣµɫֱ˱䡣߷;ѩ񾳽ߣȻһ۾Ϳʮȷ
ҴŷͶѩһͬǰûɣЦЦ÷ʵ
÷δ˵¾Ϳˡ
ûĻλӦֻ񾳽磿̲סˡ
ûȷʵ񾳽硣΢Цͷ
ʦã˵÷һǳ⡣
ʦ㣬ЩҲ˵ɲУ򵽺ǳ⣬ܻû˵´˵
÷üһεûʦ¡
µ˵ʲô۾΢Уɫȹ¡
ӱȽֱӣҵĻʲôĵطൣ˵
лֱ˵Եͷ
ȻˣֻЩð̫⡣
Ӧ֪ʲôطɣ̧ü˵
̫˽⣬˵ʵǵһ˵ôУʲô֮ҡҡͷ
磬Ҳµʱ䡣Ժǣȷʵδš
ʲôԵĻһ㶡
ûǣ
ôܣ磬ߣȻûǣ
ǣҲ֮ǡУȽϻңûԼ磬һȽΣյĵطÿ춼кܶɱ¾﷢
ڣҲû߳ھסʵϣȷе˵ǲһУһ׳磬кܶϲǽףεߣطҲȽӰֻҪ㹻񾧣κҪԴ÷æһ䣬֪཮ߣʱ䲻


1413 
ɻʦ÷÷ȴ΢΢ҡͷʾҪ˵
÷˵ȷʵǺΣյĵطʦҲǺ⣬߷ʵƫͣȥǣǲ̸ɽǰȫġ
ʱҲ÷ʦ˵˼
ҡҡͷЦ˵޷ͶѩһͬǰҲûµģֻܷġ
ԵȻš
ȻߵҪúܶࡣڣߣҲѰɼġ˵̸ɽڣĶ壬Ҳֻһ߶ѡ
ڳһҲε͸Ϊˡھ˵֮µв˵ʵڲУø߷;ѩǬСܡ
ԼռԳһǿߣԱġ
ԵĻµԱ˱䣬Ȼû˵֤Ϊڴţ
÷ȴ΢΢һ˵žʵ
Ȼˣھͳ÷
ãӦһ
һ뿪߱¥̸ɽǣ÷ȡһҺ鱦ɴ
̸ɽǾǱͲǺԶϺǸڴֱӳɴ̸ɽǰǣ˵һЩ
֮󣬾Եһˣ˺ǵΧ֮ڡ
ϸ˵ȷʵһǳأ̸ɽдģĽҲûػ󷨡֮ǣֻһЩɢļ򵥽
ҪΪ˽ԴԴҸطڳ˿УȻ齻׵顣
ΪＫ׷ӵ飬ǵߣһҲ񾳽Ϊ֮µߣǲ׽ǵġ
ӽǣԵˣҲɴļװ֮ϡ
һʱ䣬Ǿܿˡ÷΢ЦԾ˵
šԵͷ˵ǣĪҲΪԴ
ǣ÷ҡͷ˵ŮڣһйҶڵţڲ֮һսǹΪ˴¡սĽУвһµʱ䣬ԾܼܿŮڵʱ򣬾ѯʥصϢ
лԶ÷ٴι˹֡
ţ
ʱվڲԶ£ȴһ
ʦ㿴ǰˣǲǵݺʦ㣿ָ֣ǰ
µĻ÷΢΢һרע
ҲһɫȹŮߣԼٷж
ݺʦ㣡÷ܿ͵ͷȷϡ
ݺʦҲǰ˺𣿿ǣôִӺǳˣüֹһ
ݺŮߣӦҲ÷ķɴһ󣬱ŷɴλ÷
ɴУֻܶʱڣߵľѾܽ
ݺʦ㣬ô뿪ˣһξ룬¾ʹ
ֹ˲ʱ䣬ǽݺŮǵ˽ԿıЩңʱĻ΢΢
λʦãݺӰһ뵽ɴ֮ϣͬʱ÷´һк
Ŀھԡ߷ɨҲû̫⣬ֻΪ޹ؽҪˡ
ûڷɴϣݺ˫ü
ûͬУһ뿪ţȻȥ̸ɽǿ÷ʦ㣬ֻǡǣܻҪһЩʱŻᵽ˵
ݺʦ㣬ʲô𣿡÷ע⵽ݺԣҪϸĵö࣬Գ˸յݺʵ
ãݺ˵Ůȷʵںɫ˲䡣
Զˣ֮Գһ£Լŵˣҷɴ֮ϡȷڣʱż
ž֪ڣǿܸͲΪܸܿ÷޴鷳˵ѡ
ʦ㣬ô£ҲʶݺĲ
˵ˣ
λʦ㣬ұ뿪Ȼˡݺ˵žҪ뿪ɴ
ݺʦ㣬ô£ѵںǣ鷳ˣٺܿʵ
ţҷһһǸˣܿ׷ҡǱҺһҲᱻ۵ġݺ˵Ѿɳҷɴ
ʦ㣬Ǵ˭ѵŮڵӣԷҲ÷Ѿٷɳȥݺ
ߵ۾ݺԶԶ˻
֣÷ɫȻһ䡣֣ǵȻİ


1414 
֣ȷʵպա
ǿߣҲ֮ɫ䡣
ѹ֣Ϊݺһǿߣʱ˾š֪ڷɴ֮̾ͽ뿪
ΪԼͨʦãߵ۾ǰһûеֵ֮ŮڣҲֵߵ۾
÷֣¶Ȼ֮ɫɾ֣ȴ΢΢Цһ
֮ǰոմ཮򣬵ִʱܱ򣬲ǿǿŵ죬ߵ۾
Լȷݺ˵ںߵ۾Ǹǿŵߡ򣬲ֶ̫ܳߵĵ۾
ݺѣˣԶڿȥݺ˵
ԵĻݺ΢΢һ٣ת˾һۡ󣬱ٴμҪ뿪Ȼûʱᾰԡ
ҲתĿ˿ԣһŵı֮ȻʱܽţҲ̲ס˷ۡ
оԵļһ˵ʲôݺʦ㲻ߣһߵ۾׷ܶԸߵ۾
һԲѵļһ
䣡
ˣ
ݺûᾰԵĻԶݵʱһ֮ڣȴһܲţеݺʦ壬Ҳٿ·𱻶סˡ

һŵЦ
ţ˾Ϳһɫ۵Ӱռ伱ٽӽƾˡ
һƲƲˣȻԼ֮ǰΧǸߡ
ʱƾһƷɿշĿռ䱦ѡ
Ҳû뵽ԼȻôͻٴߡ
ŮӣܣϷ򣬾ܣΪܵõſģݺʦ˵
ʱ÷ˣЩ֪ˡǣ֪ߵ۾ʱԼô죡
ȷʵܺ¡
Ҫݺʦ㣬߶ɴܣҲ˵ʱܣҲһ׵顣Ƭռڣߵ۾ٿصķ֮
ǰݺ汻֮УȻɫǳѿ侲
ǼѾ͸ǰˣǰΪλ׷Ҳţݺ氧˵
ߣϷô׾ͰѣŮӣúܡߡٺ١Ц˵
ǰŮڵӣǰŮһӡݺҧҧ˵
֪ԼڽˣȻŬһ¡
Ůڣ
ŮڵǸһһӡСҲֵϷӣˣϷ̫ˣߵûмŶݺ涯֡
ˣȷʵһ㲻Щˣһܾƻˣ֪ЩܵЩ˲ܵ
֪֮УŮȻܵĴ֮ڡ
ݺ棬¶ɫ
÷ˣҲ֮ɫ죬²ݺʦ޷ѣˣҪߵ۾ˡ
ˣȷʵȽϲĵطֵطƱȽ٣һЩӵ顣ȻҲ̫֡
ȻǱʲôԼ̫ˣѱᱻЩǿ߸ϡϾһЩҲϲµġߣɲԼһʸϡ
ԣںڵʱҲóȻȥӡݺ޷ӵںڵʱ򣬿¾֮ˡ
ŮޣҲ̫ϷȻɱ˲գۣŮˣһġƯŮޣϷͱȽϲźϷˣЦ˵
⻰ݺӾ
ߣ
ʱ䲻㻹ô簡ʱ򣬾ԿˣЦеĿԶݵߵ۾
ţȻ÷ķɴȴûע⵽װϵľԡ
Ȼ벻һͨĺ鱦ɴϣȻоԣû̫ҷɴпѾڽݺ֮˳ҷɴҲһ
ʱϤȫľҵһ󣬲źȻϸĿɴλá
ɴװϵľ֮۾ʱԲϢעˡǱٿصķ֮Ҳһ˲ʧӰ١
ղݣôɷǣζӳ£˼ңʼԼǲù˵ͷˣôߵﶼɷǡ
ǰò׽ǿţɾͱ˸һֻٵģǿųԱԼ֮⣬ȫڴС
ԶߵĻȻߵľԡ


1415 ޷
¾Լ˶ˣ
ߵ۾Ȼ˵
֮УϷʵζڳˣó
÷ŵžԡ֪ʵǿҲǶǿߣɾԿһҲǵ۾εǿڡǵ۾ǿߣҲܶһ۾ôӰɣ
Զݺ棬ҲתĿ⿴ԡ
飬ȴ⼸ˣľù
ߵ۾ԵĻ󣬾Ȼ˿ûжŭļߵ۾ϣ¶һֵֺЦݡֺãִһЩη塣
һ˵ˡɽô£
ᣡᣡ߿ˣԶԶĴֺõ˵
ͬʱҲ߶׼ʱߡǣ֮ǰʶԵٶȣеһ£Լߣ϶ᱻ׷ϡϣѾûеڶռ䱦ˡ˵еڶռ䱦ȱﶼޱģҲǼۡ
ߵԵķ˼
᣿
Դˣᡣ׷Ůӣû˼ûɱ֪ʶԴ㣬ҿ϶Ƶߡε˵
ȹԶ֡
΢΢һ㶡
ȥ
̲סתĿ˿ңһҧžڵķɴ˹
뾰Ȼһ룬˵۾ΣûлáҲƺûֱӶֵ˼ԻǷǳɱھͲ˵ô໰Ҳȥ
Ȼ⻹Щţɲ
˽֮߳žԣ¶һѿЦݡ
ݺʲôԳѯʵ
ڸղţݺѾ˵ˣںȹһҲ߿УŻߡȻݺΪ˱ⱻ׷ɱҲ͸ߣ߲ûаݣӺ׷˳
ԵĻæȡһɫĶŨķ֮
һؿľȷʵǷǳ磬֮ڣѰĶʱٶ񾧣Ҳ򲻵
ľⶫǶԳһε˵ҲкܴôġľԻкܺõĸá
ߣľݺѡ˵һ䡣
ãûκԥֱһ˦еĿľΪһ⣬ݺȥ
ݺʶĽľӵУЩûعӡ
ǸԵĮ
ݺҲԣҲĶھԴǰҳϿҵǸԭҡ߸ɴúܡ
֮⣬ֱ¹ġֻҪܻȫԲںƤڵ۾ǿߵ棬Ͳֵһᡣ
ߵĵǸݺ۾ͷˮ˿ߣֿ˿ɴϵľԣͷң޷ףߵ۾ΪҪԼλʦһߡ
ߣߡ
߹˵ԴзԸֻ˵߶߾ȫȥ
԰ڰ˵㣬ûʲôɷԸġһ仰Ҫ˵죬ҿԲɱ㣬һΣ㻹ɱ˵飬ͲҪҶ㶯ˡ
ԵĻ߶ʱͷϲ
˵ʵһֱϰµģȻƺôҪɱȷڣȫˡ
ߵϣʱ¶Цݡ
Դ˷ģԺȥӱ˵ԴҷģߣҪһˣ֣µ˵
Դˣҿ𣿡Сʡ
ɣһ֡
Դˣٻأ仰æ߶廯Ϊһ⣬Զݡ
źǷȥԶǡȻԵҪǡڵͷȫɷԶһ㣬ɲٴοԡԣⱲӶٿԡ
ԿߵӰʧЦһ
μߵ۾ȷʵûкǿҵɱ⣬֮Ǵβͬʵϣӵ¹ʱ𣬾Զߵɱһ
ʱݺߣҲص˷ɴĸ
÷ºݺˣһ˫Ŀžԡ
ߵ۾ԾԵ̬ȣǿ÷ߵ۾ǼΪ¾ԡ
⣬ʲôԭ
ѵ⾰ʵҪԶߵ۾
ôܣ磬ʵԶߵ۾ľԲࡣ
÷֪Ǵ཮ߣ˽⣬཮֮еľŴ磬һߣҲࡣ


1416 Ľ
ɴŮ۾һϮɫ۵ľԡ
㲻ĳһĺĳԱɣ죬ֻ뵽һֿܡ
֮ڣһЩߵ۾ҲԶԶǵġЩһĳԱǶʮ㡣
˵Ϲʱ䣬ڵʱʥһӣҲ˸ȥǡ
ǣԿ£ҡͷ
Ǵ཮磬µʱѡҶ˽⣬ࡣ֮ǰʲôĵطЦЦ
ߣѾǵڶμˡԼ˵Ҹյֽʱߡ֮ǰһǿţרŽӽķɴ
ǿţ÷Ŀӿ˵
ǿţ÷Ҳ˵
ԣҵʱǡǿһҷɴ߿ܼһ˺۸ҲҡԣҳˣǿŲ߱пռ䱦ƾռ䱦ˡû뵽żʱ䣬ںߡԲ˵
ƽ·˵һص顣
÷ⷬȴˡ
λȻߵ۾ֹ뵽ߵ۾ǰԾ̬ȣǾʵжǿ
÷ȼŮڵߣǰܾҡ
¡
̸ɽǺʦ÷һһֱԾʵܻɵġʦֹǾѾˡ
ʱ²ЩˡһǿߣԼǺԲ롣ŮڣδܱӻסԼ
лľ֮㣬ҿ϶Ҫߵ۾ˡݺԾǷϿҵ˵
˵䣬ľȡ˳
ֻһߣҲûʲô̫ϡеԴѰԴҲϡһؿľ¡ݺ˫ֽľݸԡ
Ǿԣ˵ľˣǡ
ȴ˵ˣҲ˵˼仰ѣСһݺ̫
ľȻǲԴԶûþȻĶĵزһؿľ
ݺ濴˿ԡ
ݺԡԴݺĻ
ݺ̬ȼֻýľ
㲻εɣֹ˰죬̲ס˳Ȼǿ󣬵ɷĲýԵҲࡣ
δﵽΣһĵ۾Ҷ֡ЦЦ

ô˵Ҫ˭֪ôĴߣͲôµˡ˵ţĿֿ߷˵߷ãҲȻܳΪĵ£˺Ľ
߷εЦЦԵҲǳ⡣
ɴַ˲ʱ˺ǷΧ
ΪǵԣҲû˳÷ķɴԣɴֱӵ˺Ͽգ˲ų˷ɴ֮С
֮ǣߵȻԶԶЩĳСߣһǶ񾳽Ρ
ܶߣҸطͰ̯λϸָԴǶһԼҪԴ
ܻҪʱŻִǡʱ䣬鷳ĵȵˡ÷ĶԾ˵
޷ģҲż԰ڰֲ˵
ԼҲʱ䣬ǴתһȦһЩܿ۵ԴҲ˳
ںǣкܶͨĽЩҲûй̶ˣֻҪûбռݵģ롣ߣҲԼһȫɣû˻ܡ
ԵҲһΪʱס
µʱ䣬ܿ͹ȥ
ʱû¾ͻ֮תơﱻó۵ԴȻܱ࣬Կ۵ģҵ
˵ﶵ۵ԴûмֵǶھεǿ˵ѰԴû󡣲Իǹ˲ٿԱ߷;ѩʹõԴ
һ죬һҷɴִǡ
ҷɴŮ˳ŮڵһȺŵ̫ϳϣվڷɴļа֮ϡ
ˣյ鱨ҶڵδǣǱһЩһŮ̫ϳϣŮڵ˵
⣬Ȼ߾ȫϵλ۾εǿߣֻõһλ۾Ļظңλ۾ǿҲǾܾǵ󡣡λ̫ϳϣκء


1417 ˵ɻ
Ůû̫仯
ô̵ʱ䣬ҵһλ۾ǿߴŮڲμӶսԴ˱û̫ϣ֮ԳȥϵĴҰˡ
ʵû취ҲֻԳֲμӱζսȻ֪Գ֣һսҲûʤĿܡǣܲսˡ
սܣضᱻܶȡЦսˣӰ콫Ϊӡ
ŮڣȻżŮߣҲЩ˿⡣ŮԣҲһѪһаǡ
Ůλϣ뿪ɴ·ĺǽ䡣
÷ˣȫӭ򡣾ԣҲһͬ
ԭʵ㲻ӭӣҲ޿ɺǡԲϲڼӵˡǶЩʵȽСߣԶƽȵĶԻҪ˵ԷŮڵˡ
λϣ÷Ůڵĵӣ
÷ҲˣŮФ÷˵
ţʦ֮ǰȥ̸ɽǣҲ˵˴˴ŶսҺʦһ÷ͷ˵
Фͷ
ĿһɨҲӾӹӹѣδ̫עԡȻԿİ÷һ𡣲û룬ֻΪͨߡ÷ƿ̸ɽǣӴͨߺܶࡣ
ˣλǾλŮФ÷֣صĽ˵
Ф΢ЦФ˹ּ
Фȴϸ΢ı仯˿ԣֿ˿÷Ȼɻ
ܺõĽԼɻ֪÷ԸȽأ÷֣صĽоԵߣ϶Լԭֻͨߣ÷Բ³ç
Եѣڼ̵ʱڣФͻָԾԻ˵
ˣǽȥ˵ɣ÷ָһԶĽ
ãФӦ
ˣ뵽֮ڡ
ЩһЩǵֽģεþ߶ûСԣҲȡţֱӾϥ
ˣ཮ߣ֮ǰ硣˶ϥ÷ٴζФڡ
ŶԵѣǴ཮Ǳ߹ģФü˶ԡ
Ҫ཮磬ɲһ׵飬ǶľŶҪкܴѶȡоԵߣʵͣп硣
ФϸĸӦһ¾ԡδõҪĽھԵϣûиӦǿߵĴϢֻԵʵͲ
ûȷʵǲ֮ǰ硣Եͷ˵
ˣѯһЩϢ÷ֿ˵
÷ô˵ЩȻҲԭġ֪ǳԽߵ۾ǿߺһǿҵͷþŮڲμӶսͷ
£ģҲֱҾΪ˲ԵĲãûǰ֪ͨФھԵ顣ңºݺˣҲҪѶФ
÷仰ФžʵԵ֪ʲôϢأ
Фǣʥڵ΢ЦֱӾ˵
ʥأФһ£˵ʥص临ӣһ仰Ҳ˵Եѣܷһʱ䣬Ůڲμӹζսϸ˵ʥأ
Ф̬ȣܿ
ʱȷʵû뾰˵̫ࡣս£ѹŮڶЩΪŮиǷޱȡʱ˿ѾǺˡ
ϾȻ÷ԾԵ̬Ⱥܹ죬ɻ󡣵ǣ벻һ۾εǿߡ
÷ԣȴüǵľԻ˲áҪڣԾٴ˵ˡ
ԣҾȸлФˡЦЦվ˵
ФλŮڵĵѣҾȸˣּ˵
ŮڵˣܻҪ̸һЩڲ飬ԾҲ٣ڶԷû£ԼЩס
󣬾Ա뿪˴صһڡ߷;ѩҲ֮С

÷ô£㽫һˣ֣µĴˣһŮ̫ϳϣھԸո뿪󣬾üɵ÷
ФҲĿ⿴÷
ˣλϣ÷λǵ۾ǿߣ


1418 뾰Գ
۾ǿߣ
仰÷˵֮һ
Ҫ֪Ů֮ڣҲֻФǵ۾εŮڶ̫ϳ֮УʵǿģҲǶĶ۾λһĲࡣ
ŮţУҲСС
ɴ˿ɼ磬۾εȷʵҲ̫ࡣ
ŮҶڵĶսΪ֮ǰŮҵʯ۾ͻȻڣŮô̵ʱڣҲڶѡǣȻҲͨϵϵһЩ۾ûеõӦ
û취ŮФμӶսˡ
÷ȴ˵һ۾ЩǰŮˣȻʮֵľȺʹ㵡
ФڣǶ벻
÷˵Ǿǵ۾Фŵ÷ȷһ䡣
ˡ÷ͷ
÷֪ǵ۾۾εǿߣôǽʶĴƽʱһ棬ףһŮ̫ϳϿڡ
ǴǴӱ飬Ȼ÷Ļ
÷ô֪Ǿһ۾ǿߵģһλҲһĺɣĪ֣
ϣȷʵۼ֡ͨǰ޵̸ֵ֮ɽڣмͨһɱȻܹ־ֺЩʵ̫֣ǾȻԾĵʵ๼÷˵
÷ҲֻһͨѡǼ֣ȷǵ۾εģФһʵ
Ͼͨ͵۾֮仹мϵĲࡣܶŶսͨһ˵ͨǰ޷ģǼɣһɱѰ
ˣҲ׿ڳϣǵ۾÷ü
÷仰кüŮڵĳϣмƲƲ졣
ˣ÷ʦ˵ûȷʵǵ۾ңڵ۾֮УӦǶġһԲ˵
ˣֽĿ⿴¡
ˣλϡ
»ºݺվǷǷ
һ£֤ضǵ۾ݺ˵֮ǰںǣ鷳ߵ۾ˣߵ۾ҪɱҡȻҵһʱ뿪ǣߵ۾ûŹңҲ뿪Ҫ׷ɱҡ
Ф۾΢΢һ
ڳˣû˲֪ߵ۾ݺȻΣɱߵ۾ϣǿǴ鷳ߵ۾ֻҲᵣŮڵı
ôݺ汻ߵ۾ϣôתΣΪģ
ߵ۾Ǹ˷ǳȻҪɱ㣬ôŹ㣿һʵ
ģ뿪ǲԶĵطǡ÷λʦáλҲλʦһ𡣡
ʱҼǲڣˡҿߵ۾ֻһϣԳ档ݺ滺˵š
Фˣ΢΢ͷݺ˵ȷʵû
Ҿʱ򣬺λʦһľȴͻȻڡߵ۾һҲڣ̾ʵˣͺèһ㡣ֱӾ͵ϴ˵һжᣬ뾰ʱ龰Ҷɵˡ
ҵǸߺԥ͵Ǹˣԭ
ĸмȻˣǶû
ݺ潫ľ򵥵һ顣
˵ãڶûٷǶ÷˼²Ǽٵġ
ڣߵ۾Ůڵӵ뾰ϷֿԾ͸ˡ
ߵ۾;ûҪȥϷһŮڣҲûߵ۾Ϸʱ
Ҳ˵ߵ۾ľ¾
ˣߵ۾֮˾¾Ϊ཮ʱߡʱǿһҷɴˡ
ǿţȫֻߵ۾һˣſռ䱦ѡ÷˵
Фˣ𾪵໥һۡ
Ƭ̣Ф˵£Ϊεʱ
ˣǶ֪㼴ִǣټҲĲãԾûǰ˵ȻȽϺ˵ЩǿߣһЩĪƢ÷ҡͷ˵
ʯ۾ͻȻŮڲμӶսǲǿѯһ¾˼ԸأҲ֮ǰҲûԾ÷


1419 ʤ
һڣֻоԺŮФˡ
Фδ˵뾰ԴŮڳսȽһŮں͹ҶڵĴ
ŮҶţڡƿصĵҲǽԣŵìܳͻѾá
Զսģ֮ǰԾ÷Ф˵ԾͲµФԼĿġ
Ф£ֱ˵ˡˣ̫ϲĨǡЦЦФ
Ҿֱ˵ˡ
÷˵ǵ۾εФһ˫Ŀžԡ
ţȷʵǵ۾ΡԵͷ
ԳϣФϢԽһ£ҲѪɫӿ
ζս֮ǰʯ۾ӦǣҪŮڳսʯ۾ͻȻڣŮЩֲһʱ䣬ҲҲ۾ǿ߰Ůڡ
ڵִǼ֮ǰѾĴ㣬ʵڲеĻһԳ֡ǣһնûСζսУҶڳսǻ־۾粻ã֪ܲ־۾λ־۾ڵ۾ǿУʵȽǿġ
Ҿã־۾սҿܲĶ֡
ԣ󣬾ŮڲμӶս
Ф˵վԾԹ˹
۾΢С
˵ΪŮڲμӶսҲʲô¡ֻҪԷΣԾûʲôɵˡ
ң֮ǰλŮڵФȻ֪ʵ̬Ȼͦõģûбֳȵȡ
ԸŮڣŮҲһʮ棬һƿʯ顣֪ܲںԴŮڲ̫ǿõóֵԴĲࡣФ˵
֮ǰŮʯ۾֣ҲҪġ۾εǿ֣߳Ȼܰװװ㡣
Ф˵ȷʵǷǳмֵˡǾԣҲ΢΢ЩĶǷǵʯ飬ڵ˵дôο߻Ӹ߷Ůѩ
߷;ѩʱòʯ飬Ƿȷʵʱʹõġ˷棬ڷ׺϶кܴԴٶȡ
ФЩŵĿžԡ
£ҴӦˡԶФЦЦҲûйֱӾʹӦ
ԣФʱϲϵЦݣβס
治֪ôл㡣Ф΢΢
սĹϵѾһеĵʧˡ棬ǣܴ
֮
Ҷ˳ķɴҲǵΧ
֮ڣӰ
һϮɫ۵ߣǹҶ
Фһͬǵ۾εǿߡ
ںߵģǽҪҶڲμӱζսĵ۾ǿ߻־磬־Ҳһλĵ۾ǿߡ
ںұߣһɫ۵ߡˣʯ۾
֮ǰʯ۾ӦҪŮڲμӱζսڣȴҶڵķɴʱЦݣеƣȫ˵ļ
־εĶս鷳ˡЦſ־۾˵
ıǣζսҶҶڻʤ־۾ŵ˵ϴһĨİ
ǺǣҪκεĵġҲŮڲμӶսŮڻҵ۾˵ҵһĵ۾ҲǻֵĶ֡ФԳ֣Ҳ֪ͬǵ۾Ҳܴ󡣡ʮ۾۾źͻ־Ц
ʯ˵ûھ͵ſФСǿ޾ǡһЦ˵֮ǰõϢФСǣѾڼ֮ǰ˺ǡңŮϵһЩ۾ûܳɹζս˳ɶФԼˡ
ФʵǲһЩҽ֣ûκϣʤ־΢΢ͷ
ڼ˵֮䣬ǵķɴѾִϿա
һȺˣӷɴ䵽֮ڡ
󡢻־ʯǰһȺҶڵ̫ϳϽ
̽һ£ŮڵսмͽʼЩȲأһ̫ϳϷԸ˵
ǣ̫ϳæӦ
֮ŮˣҶˣ㶼֮Լĵص㡣
εĶսͽС
Ůں͹ҶڣڣȽԣζսҲ˺ܶĿ⡣
طŮں͹Ҷڵˣкܶ಻ɵߣҲĵִЩߣڵĽ̸۱ζս


1420 ˭
ҶʹһȺԼĵص㡣
ЩȲˡ
һʱ䣬˶ЩܡȻΪ־۾ֺķ˺ܴĴۣʯ۾֧һʾ޶ԴֻҪһսܹʤôһоͶֵõġ
⼸ںǣҶҲ෽Ĵ̽ϢȷϣŮڲδ뵽Щǿĵ۾ǿ߳֡Ҳ˵ŮӦֻһ·ߣФԳ֡
Ф뾰԰æŲμӶսԴӦ£ֻ֪ԹҶҲûеõκصϢ
˵ҶѹҲûעˡ֪ԴڵģŮڸ߲Щ߲ȻױҶԣҶڲ֪ŮھסĵطФ֮⣬һΪµĵ۾ǿߴڡ
ͻ־ʯ۾ˣԼص㡣
һЩȽݺʵߣҲǰк˵һЩףĻ
֮ԵΪ֡ҶڵˣһϲǿһսҶڱʤɣŮûκλᡣŮڣҶĲڽ£ԺûзĻᡣ
ʱŮФҲһȺ˵ִ
ԣŮڵȺ֮У߷;ѩҲߡ
ФˣԶԶľͿ˹ҶڵһȺˡǰģǺ󡢻־ʯ
ʯ۾վһФ˱䡣
ȻԤϵʯ۾ͻȻڴŮڲμӱζսҶڿ϶йϵڣۿʯ۾һФȻúܷŭ
Ůڵˣͬŷŭʯ۾
ɫ۵ģǹҶˡˣֱǻ־۾ʯ۾ʯ۾ˣʧ֮ǰŵӦǰŮڣȴͻȻڣ˵ʲôԼ˲ܳսȴ֡ߣŮں۸𣿡ФԾԵ˵
ЦЦ˵޷ʯ۾ŮڲμӶսδܻܻ־۾ɣԣ»һǶȿŮ˵δòǺ¡
ԵĻФҲЦЦ֪Ե˼
ФˡҷŻģŮڲءһЦԶԶľͶФ˵
ĬФЦһ
ФĺܱǸΪҵһЩԭ޷ŮڳսˣһֱЩⲻȥġʯ۾Ф˹֣ϴŲõЦ˵
ʯ۾˿һЩ޷Ԥ֪ġԣζսʯ۾㲻ܴŮڳսȻ˸еϧԼŮڣûʯ۾˼ФҲʯ۾˹֡
ʯ۾û˵
ФȻҲˣǾͱ˷ʱ䣬ڿʼɣ
ԡФͷ
ҹҶڣɻ־۾ս֪Ůڣ˭սأɨФһȺˣƲƲ˵Ůڣûҵ۾æɣѵФǴ𣿡
֮Уڿζԡ
ȫˣó
Ůڣһ۾εİֶҲҲ湻ġ
ź仰˵꣬ԶڶΧ۵ߣһ֮УФͻ־ʵк˽ˡ
ǶФԳ֣һսҲܻܻ־۾ʤФʧܣŮڵɾͶˡŮڵĵӣԺôߣ
ФδڣԱǰһ˳ȥ
ҾԣŮڣμӱζս΢УŶԷһȺˡ
ͻȻڣú˶Щ㵡
˭
ʲôݣ
ôͻȻҪΪŮڳսˣʲôΪֻһСôеŮڳս
ǹҶڵһȺЩ񣬾ԶΧ۵ڶߣһҲͣĿⶼھԵϡ
ʲôˣһͳԾʵ
˵ˣֽоԡŮҶڵĶսһŮڳսԼٴ˵һ飬ȫ
˼άɿתȻǴδ˵һоԵǿߡ˵۾ΣͨУҲûһоԵġ
ˣ˭Фһġ
Ф
Фԣİ֣Ц˵
뻳ɣŮڵѡζս˵ʯ۾ܴŮڳսԱŮһΡζսǾŮڡФЦЦ˵ͬʱҲȷ˾Ůڰֵݡ


1421 ǳ
־۾ĿⶢһϮɫ۵ľϡ
ھվ֮ǰ־۾һֱ۾һгӡ֮ǰҲΪŮӦֻФһֿܡȴ벻ͻȻɱһоԵˡ
ؼǣҲδ˵һˡ
ֻһͨߣŮô˳ս
־۾ϸԣƬ̺ȷţȷʵδˡ˿ᣬһʵǿߡǣϸӦֲжϳ˵ľ徳硣
Щء
֣ʵͲ󣬿һ궼ûСʯ۾˵
ҲߣжϾԵͱȽϾȷ
һ궼ͻ־üͷ΢΢һ
ҲܴԼԵͲܴ󣬵ȴ޷ʯ۾ȷʮꡢ꣬ǶͲ
ţӦòжϴϢᡣͣʵӦòǿ֮ڣһͣܳǼ亱ˡʯ۾ЦЦ
ˣФΪô˳սⲻϳ־۾ҡҡͷ
Сʲô·ѵܱȻ־۾ʵǿһսʼֱӻǡֻǿϧûбФ󡣡Цһ
ֿФ˵Фȷô˳ս԰ɣһᣬɲҪڡ
ͺΪŮڲģФ̧ĿӦһ䡣
һ־λСֵܣ־۾˵䣬뾰ңңԡ
Կʼ𣿡ɫĿŻ־۾
ԣСֵܣְɣ־۾ֱۡ

ԵתƬ֮ķ֮˲
ϼھС
ֻԻӶϼǰһնɫĽ⣬˺ѿռ䣬Ż־۾ϯȥ
־۾ݶʱһ䡣
ڷţ;òԾжԾӡʱԳ֣ȻǸе⡣
Ȼǲɫ֮Уδжܲɢ־Ǹ֪һܣǳĿֲԷȻһڵ۾εǿߡ
ʯ۾˵Էᳬһ꣬ȫǳһ۾εǿߣôܲһꣿ
־۾ЩŭʯĴϢʱȻʯ۾׷ʵʱȫԸоԵߵĹ
־۾ֱӶת֮£ǰ֮УһƬƬɫĹӰֳ
ǳ־۾зͺ
ǳǻ־۾ı־ֶΡ־۾ڵ۾жΪٮٮߣƾһֶΡ
ڷǳǰһĵ۾ѵֵס
ʱɫ֮УһſǳӰ𽥵ʵһۿȥгǧǳҫɵĹ⻪ЩǳÿһŶɢǿҵܲ
ڻ־۾ʩչǳͬʱ˵ɫͶˡ
ǳǻ־۾ǿֶΣЩ۾ͨԴҲжšҲ֪־۾һ㲻ʩչֶΡ
֮ڣû־۾ʩչֶεߣҲ̫ࡣǺ۾־۾ֻ֣Ҳ޷û־۾ʩչǳһֶΡ
ΪˣǲŻ̲סɫŻгԾ
ЩŪף־۾Ϊһ֣ʩչԼΪǿսֶΡ
ʩչĽ⣬Ŀǻ־۾˵˻־ԣ⽣û̫ǿɢʱ˰Щ۾ǿߣһܡ־۾ȴĸ֪
־۾ѵǴһнСӻɱ𣿡
ȻΪһ־ǷǳֿµֶΣ
ǣ˵־۾һĺˣȻԸ߰һЩСûгԹҲһ־ͻɱɣ

Χ۵ڶߣ΢֮󣬿˵
ǳܣǵһĶǳǧǳκһɢܣƺɱǡͨƺסһǳܡ
ŮߵˣҲŵĿ⿴ųС
ǷǳƬǳӰĿռ䡣
֮ǰФ־۾ǿֶΡڼ־۾ʩչҲ̾һֶεĻӦԵĻȻܣγɵġ
ȷʵֲ
ߵ۾־۾Ȼǵ۾ҲٲһΡ
䣡
ɫ⣬Ӵǳܺ󣬽âҵĲһ¡Կڽâ뷽ǳӴĵطһƬռֱӷ顣ǳγɵҲâһȱڡ
âδʹʧǴź嫵ܣΪҫ۵Ĺâ


1422 
һ⣬Ƽ򵥣ھʩչ֮£ߵ۾޷ɵסȻ̺ĽֻǵռȻǺֲܿ
飡
־۾ɫ΢΢Ǻ죬ٿŷǳܣһ֮Ƿǳγɵ򣬷ѹɫ⡣
žɫ̺ܣʼ⡣
ԶԴ˲⣬ڲǳܺ󣬾ԾףԼһ򵥵ĽⲢܻǳԵĻ򣬱ڷ漫ΪɫһǳǾ̫Сƻ־۾ˡ
ռףʱ򣬽ԵĻռ״߶
ǵصȻ棬ϯֹķǳȼչȥ
ɫĻ𺣣ɵķǳײҵ໥ѹ
ֲֿĹײУɢܣͷǳĿˡһЩ۾ֻҲ׵Ľ뵽ѹ
¡¡
飡飡飡
һ죬ıԶ
ʱˣĿɿڴĿһĻʱȫˣΪλ־۾һ־ǿֶηǳˡǸоԵˣȻһǿĵ۾ǿߡ
ռף뷽ǳʱԵҲʩչˡ
߶ǿʱ֡
ǳڣǳǧǳӰ˺֮£ʼΡɫĹâŤռ׵ٶȣȻӿ졣ԿɫĻ𺣣Ż־۾ڵλӹȥ
ʲô־Ŀһ˿Ȼ
ķǳܵӰ죬ܵµ֮
־۾߶Ҫ򡣴ϣһɢľԵܡ
ӦǣռĿľ
Ƭ֮䣬һɫ˿߽֯˸
ӣٴα赲
ƣвϼȻۣһλն
һΣСڵԴܣҲ뵽Сһ֮У̺ʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨ܡ
ɫ⣬ֱӴռ䣬嵽ǻɫɫĹ֮С
ԿڳʵĻɫɫ⻪ڣһɫĽâԾ˵ٶȴ˹ȥǿľͷǳγɵ˫ܣ޷ס
ֻգʱ䣬ɫǵ˻־۾ǰ
䣡־۾壬һƬɫķ֡
ǣȻ޴˳ȥ
֮ĸֹΣҲ֮ʧ
־۾壬ɳ֮Զ𽥱¿ס־۾Զ֮ϣѹŸžԡ
ˣ־۾ͳ˵
־۾Ȼһǳ°ˡ˾ˣ
Ե۾ʵȷʵǿҲǿһ㣬ǿһԼɱԼԲǾԵ۾Ķ֡
־۾˵ȫһƬž
־۾Ȼôˣۿ־۾ɳȥȻţ־۾δ˵ľС
Ҷڵ۾ɴ˿ԣֿ˿ԶĻ־۾
־۾㡭ʶҪ˵ʲô
־ȴҡҡͷ˵ܱǸûܰ͹ҶζսлʤԵ۾ʵȷʵһ־ܶ࣬Ҳ֡ٴȥҲı䡣
󣬻־۾߶Զݶȥ
ĺ÷ĵ˵
ǰ̫ˣ־۾Ǿ֣֡ڷ
Ǽ
ŮФвšûۿԻܻ־֮ǰûеġ
Ȼ׿ڳԼǵ۾ǿߡȻ÷ǰ˵ߵ۾Զèһ¡
ǣФȻûסʱȷţȷʵǿʵֻ¶Ҫܱⳬһ𾳽ǿˡ
ҲңŮڵĺȻͷԵɺǿߡ
Ф÷һۡһΣŮܹתΣΪҲҪ÷ӣҪ뾰õĹϵôһΣŮڱضҪҶڵĶս
ˡФɫĺЦ˵
ߣФ˵ǣӽտʼŮڵˡҹҶڵˣһ֮ڣǳߡ
Фصù˵仰ȻǶФ˵ĿȴѾϼľԡ
ˣֶΣȺФ硣Фָ˵
ȻФ˼˿һԳĬʯ۾ҲѪһΣǰʯͷԼĽˣ


1423 ʥص
ȷʵƣҶڵҲƵҪѪ
Ҷڲˣƻ֮ǰŮʯ۾ļƻڻʤľǹҶˡΪƻŮʯ۾ļƻҶΪ˻ึһԴʯ۾
Ҳܹʯ۾ҪֹֻܹҶԼ
֪Ӻζžԣʱ˵Ϳ˺ܶࡣ
཮򡣡ԻӦ
Ȼˡ磬ǿߣҼûҲһ˵ԭǴ཮Ŵǿߡصĵͷ
Цһ£û˵
˴ζսѾ絽ŮͼΣФڣЦŶԾ˵
΢һºͷ
ҪФʥصԣȥŮ߶żգҲá
֮ǰȻһССĳͻⲻʲô⡣ҹҶڣҲ뾰ǰֿ͡˵
лᣬҿԵùҶڡڣҿûʱȥˡ˵
޷ԺҶڣҺһӭЦһ

Ҳ½ɢȥˡ
÷Է̸ɽǡԣǴŸ߷;ѩФˣǰŮڱ
ʮ֮󣬾Ե˽Ůڱ
һ֮ڡ
ԣФŮڸ߲ﶼ
ФҲξ԰ŮڲμӶսӦԵĳͣȫ˾ԡ
ʮ棬һƿʯ顣һƿʯ飬Ҳһٵεӡ
ԲûŮڶ̫õ뷨ԣҲͳô˻ᣬһʥص
ʥأѾûˡʥصҲΪӡФ΢΢ü˵
ںܾǰʥһֱΪǿԴ˲֮ʥضƿˡ
ͬʱȴǿǿû֮һ˵ĵ򱦵ˣһλӽǿߡңλ򱦵ڵ棬쳣ˡ֮ڵϵйϵġ
ʥأֱ󣬾ûжܼǵʥˡФ֮Уĸп
ʥطֱü
ǣʥصʥǰͻȻʧ٣ӴԺҲûгֹԺʥؾһɢɳˡФҡͷ
˵ҲǷ̡ǰʥ˹עĴ񶼱ȥˡʥأȻûŽ˼ڶΪˡ
ڵʥأԼֽ֧֧У֧֧ǿߣӦֻһ۾εʥر֧ʱ죬֧Ա֧񡣡
ܶΪʥصıֲ֧ܼ˶ˡ̲Ҳᱻ֧ʳФ˵
ФʥͬʱŮһЩϣҲᲹһЩʥصϢ
ε˽⣬ԶʥĿǰ״Ҳ˴ŵ˽⡣
һöʥءǰʥһʥʧٺҲͬһʧ
ûʥأڼ̵ʱڷֽ⣬ڶֹ
ʥص֧ʥ֮λǣ֧ˣ˭Ҳ˭ںľˣͬʱҲһѷᡣ
̵ǣĿǰʥŽҲˡ
Ժ˵Ҫĳˡ
཮ΪҪ̽ʥصФ濴žԵʵ
Ҫӳ֮˵𣡡
ߣҲӦ֪֮ذɣ̧Ŀ˵
ţ˵˵֮֮ءҲˣҪ֮أɳ֮ضȴų⣬߲Σʵ͵ߣ޷֮ءФü˵
ŶԵû뵽߻޷֮ء
཮ߣǲ֮ܽصģ֮µߣֻҪӽ֮ؾͻᱻԶȥ
Ҳ֪ԭ򡣡Фҡҡͷ
ţ֮أ֮أȷʵ棬ܵλУʹӣϣ翴һʥصǡ磬עһ¡ڿʥصܲá̾һ˵
ǰʥأѾˡֻ¾ʥҲѴʥˡФЦ


1424 
ԲδŮڶ̫ãֻ֮Ÿ߷;ѩ뿪Ůڱ
˳ɴǷȥ
Ůڵǣ·;ңԶʹô󣬵ǿԿٵִԲŵִǡɴҲǾԿ֮ľ
ڷ֮У߷;ѩҲ硣дŮڵõʮöŮգò˶ãŮܽм񾳽硣
֮󣬾Ե˳ķɴǽӽǡ
⼸֮УԵķɴҲСС鷳Щ鷳ֽˣҪӷɴĵˣԶֱӺɱ¡
๫ǰˣվڼװ֮ϣ߷￴ǰֵһӴУ˵
šˡǰʥصı־Գ֮һѾƿءǴߡԵͷ˵
ǵĵΪ
˵ǵӻ֮дһԴߵ壬˵УҲһѵõ챦
ߵҪǼѵġıޱȵϡ٣ҶǿĶ񾧶򵽡
ڼе߶ԣֻھ
ǴﵽεߣҪǿȣѶȾ͸ˡһЩܹǿȵݲϣߵ˵Чǿ⡣
һܹ챦
𣬱㽫챦˴˵ءȻ󣬴˵ķչһӴĳУΪʥر־Գ֮һ
ԴФе֪ʥһʥʧٺʥڲֱֽ֧ǣһֱǱʥصı֧ա֧Ȼǣվû뱾֧˺
ʥصı֧վûסǣҲûס챦Уƿ֮Сʥصı֧Ҳ׵ɨǡ
ڱ֧ʧȥǣ֧û֧ȫ̬ȣҲõвɡ
ʵϣʥȻʵǰ֧ܹŽҲʥء
뵽ЩҲ̲סúܡû䣬ʥغûˣ
ߣǽǿҶҲúܡФ˵߽ܹ壬мĺôǿܣҵ΢΢Ŀ˵
ţŸ߷;ѩ뿪ɴɴǳŽӽ
ڽɹΪ߰ǷѺ˽ʢĳС
˽кһ¥һЩʳ˳̽һ¹ڴϢ
ȻФõϢŮڱϾǾȽңԶһЩФҲδܹ˽
ֵܣǴطԶԴĽѾãܷ˵һ˵΢Цһѯʡ
ߣҲһ񾳽ߡ
Ե󣬲ûκı¶
ǣÿ춼дߵдˣǱŴȻֻǿ߲ܽһЩ񾳽ߣ޷ⲢǵԴĦһ뷨
λ˺ã
ǣľǴڳĵ㳡Ѱҡ㳡ǰĹһЩǰ㳡κ߶ǿԵģûκڣҪ㳡ȴҪһʷáҲԾЦЦ˵
Ǻǣ㳡ҲҪɷã
ԵģҪһʷãҲõģʷòǺܸߣһҲõó˼ȻѾǣҲΪʷþͷ㳡˵
ֻн㳡ܿĿĴ棬ǿġ߼˵
λѣҲȥ㳡
ʱԱһ˵ģһģӣͬһŮߡ
硣ǣΪһ۴ķɡԶ˹˹˵
˵ҲǴعģһҲ뿴ģӹЦһ˵һһǰ㳡Σ
Ҳãҽоԣλҵ¸߷Ůѩ˳ƽһ¸߷;ѩ


1425 
һܺ󣬾ֱַ֪й׻壬ͬŹϵ
Ϳ˶磬Ҳֻһߡ
ùһЩʳ֮һ뿪¥㳡ȥ
Եѣǰ㳡ˡ׻ָָǰλãԾ˵
ԸоǰƬռ䣬һ޵վǸλãȷʵ㳡ǱһЩ֣󷨺ܸ߼
ڿɲȴǰˡ
ʥƿеʱκ˶ܽ㳡ҲҪκηá񣬺Ǻǡ׻ЦЦЦ
ڵǣǱƿءأҲƿ֮ĵ𣿡Կ׻ʵ
ǰԴռǺ󣬺ܶؾͶˡ׻ڣ͸һ˿⡣
ʦ֣˵ɡ˹׻һۡ
׻æЦЦ
ֿ˵ԵѣӦòϲСˡ
С棿ü
Եѣɱᣬû˼׻æ˵Ҳ֪ȽǿһЩڮ١ҸղǾ仰ѾЩɻˡԵҷңҾͻ鷳
ԭ׻ѴɷģҾûôӡԿ˿׻˵
׻ߣȻûкøС
ǺǣҿԵҲСˣҹ׻˵۹⻹һЩġھ¥ҾͿˡ׻ҲЦЦĿ˵Եѣ㳡ֻһڣǹȥɣ
ߣӦ
㳡֮һЩ߿ءЩߣΪǺܾˣ񾳽ѡǣһȺˣȴһֺúܡ
ԡ׻Ҫ㳡кܶ࣬Ҳδߡ
ЩصߣԽ㳡ߣ̬Ͽ˵ӣвʱֵġǶһЩǿߣǶȫ
ؼǣЩǿߣȻҪΨΨŵŵ˳ܣȫҷ
Ȼǿơ죬˵
Щصߣ˰ǿ߶̵ʲôȻǱЩǿ߱ҿηȻҲڣЩصĺߣͱһˡ
ԵѣɲʲôǿƣֻǱɽһǰˡ׻ȴЦЦҡͷ˵
Ŷüëһ̧
һ󣬱ֵԵˡ
ˣһ񾳽ɨ˾һۡ
СҲ֪һˡȴü۵ʡ
ˡ׻Ӧ˵
Ҫ㳡һҪһöż񾧡ˣöż񾧡Ӷһֱ˵
ż񾧣
һöż񾧣ֵͬһöһ񾧡
һ򵥵ŷѣһöһ񾧡ãЩߵס
ԸҪȡ񾧣׻Ѿöżȡ˳ݸԷ
öż񾧡׻ݳͬʱ˵
ţȥɣ㣬ôĥĥİ¡񾧣۾һɺȵ
׻ҲһŻȴһסֱۣȥ
ЦЦҲŸ߷;ѩС
ǰһ䣬㳡ǳڼ˵֮С
һӴĹ㳡㳡ܣཨͺһСУ·ǵĳ֮ǡ
һɨȥܿߣвһЩεĴߡ
ڹ㳡ģΪעĿģһɢɫεͨ
ԵѣǾǴ׻ָɫξԾԽ˵
ʵ˵Ҳ³챦
Ӧ·򲨶һ򲨶֮У̺ȫľַֻ֮ȫСÿһ֣¡
ĺءֹһ䡣
ѹ֣ôߣĦ㲻ܽУֻҪԶԶĿţһŷĸоһߣƺܴӴķ򲨶УõһЩ
û񾳽ߣӦҲܴջֻǣŷ̫߰Щ񾳽֧㳡ڵߣٿ񾳽߻
Ƭ̣ջĿ⣬˳ȡöż񾧡
׻ѣ˵ŷѡԽöż񾭵ݸ׻
ղŽʱ˵ŷǹ׻渶ġ
Եǿˣҹ׻Ȼʲô˲Ĵöż񾧻õóġ׻ûнӹԵݹľż񾧡


1426 Ų
׻˵ҲЦЦöż
Եѣ㿴Ǳߣ׻ָһ
ǾǴˡ
һоŲ㡣˵߽ÿһϾžŰʮһʱ䡣ʮһ죬ͻᱻԶͳϣÿһ㣬ߵĴЧԽáԣһЧھŲЧá
һطҪע⡣ԽߵĲҪȥԽѡһߣҲִܵ㲻ˡڵھŲ㣬磬Ǿһ˵ܵϵھŲ㡣׻ԾĽܴ
׻ѵǰǣԿ׻
ԵĻ׻ɫ΢˱䣬ЩεЦһ
Һʦ壬ȷʵǡ㳡ҲǵһǶԴ˽⣬Ҳһ΢һЩ׻˵
Ź׻۾о׻ƺԲδӹ׻ϸо⡣ԼȻ׻Ը˵Ҳûϼ׷ʡ
׻ѣղ˵ûܵϵھŲ㣿üŵ
ţ֪ȷʵδ˵ϹھŲ㡣׻ͷ˵˵ھŲ㣬߲㡢ڰ˲㣬ܵǵ˶١򱦵ˣҲֹڵڰ˲ѣǽӽǿߡ
û˵ϵھŲ㣬Ϊ˵еھŲأЩ档
ŶоŲӦò׿ȷϹġϢʥضмصġԴӻдġ׻ͷ
Ҳ˵ͷ
Ȼ˵оŲ㣬ӦþͲֻǣΪδûܵǵھŲأ
Ǳġ򱦵Ŀֹڵڰ˲㣬ǵʲô߲ܵҲǵھŲ㣿
׻ѡѣǣҲҪ𣿡תתӣʵ
Եѯʣ˶Цҡҡͷ
׻̾˵ûдǱƺҪɲһ׵ˣҪɼ߰ķáãͨ˵Ҳһ޴֡
ٴü
ҪɶٷãȻ߶òظ
ȻһԭκһߣһֻܽһΡҺʦͨȥˣҲֻܵ㲻ˡԣǼó㹻ķãҲżȥǵΪǿˣŻῼǽ塣׻˵
ʦ˵ûǹֻһЩĵ򡣡Ҳ˵
ԵѣĪ׻·ͻȻ뵽ʲô
ǣȷʵҲû
ϣҲƿӳ֮سڸʵϣû̫ԵĽ
֮ǰԾ;ãԼҪٽһֻܴѰͻơҪǿ壬ܹҵķʽʵ̫̫ˡ
磬ŴǾҪġ
ԾԲŻǡ
һδԼĴﵽһΣӵʵԽ𶼲ǲܡ
Եѣ֪ҵĸоûдҸоӦǺߡҸоûдĻ˵һﻰΪԵѲҪż˭ֻܽһΡһȥˣԺ㾳ҲܽڶΡ׻ԥһº󣬻ǽеⷬ˵˳
Ҳܿ׹׻˼
ֻǣ׻Ȼ֪Եʵ׻һЩصֶΣжϳߣȴ֪ǵ۾εǿ
ЦҡҡͷҲûн̫ࡣ
ֻ΢Ц˵Ȼˣ˽һҲ޷ҲһҪ
ҲãǾԵѣǾ͹ȥɣ׻ͷ
ˣŴ˹ȥ
ڽӽһΧ󣬱û߻ˡΪ뵽֮ڣͻᱻǲϣ֮ǡİԵݲһȥơ
Ե˽뵽֮ڣܿ챻ڶע⵽
⼸ˣҪ𣿡
֪ˣҪǺܿͻᱻЩ𡣡

ΧܶߣĿעžˡ
ڽӽڵĹУҲܿͱһȺɫεߣ˵ǰ


1427 
Ⱥ˵ķΣ㳡֮Ⱥ˷ζͬġ
ԣӦöĳԱ
Ⱥ˵סȥ·ԵȻͣŶԷ
ȺߣΪ׵ĵһߡϢжϣӦҲͨʵ빴׻Ҳࡣ
ֹ˫̧֣üɨԵˣкȵ
ȴڸ߷;ѩͣƬ̣֮Уһ˿Ĺâ
ɫ֮ĿŶԷ
֮ڣ˲ýӽǣǴҪ𣿡һ߸ϵģ
ȷʵһǣԽĹزǺ˽⡣˵ҪҪһʷã֪ʷǶ٣Եͳ˵ҲǴһĨ⡣
ߣһߡ
񣬺ܲõĶžԡǾ˵ãʹ졣
ҪģߡЩһ̬ȿɶúܡǶвǰµļһȴһ
һиЦ
һˣʮöż񾧡һָͷžԻ˻Ρ
ʮöż񾧣
һöż񾧣ֵһöһȡʮöż񾧣Ǿʮһ񾧡
֣ж΢΢һ
ʮż񾧣
ⲻԣھٴο֮ǰ׻ȿˣ˵ÿ˽ż񾧵ôʮ򣿡
׻üźˡ
Դƿǣƴ֮ߣҪ֧һʾ޴ķáǣһֱȡãöż񾧣Ⲣʲôܡ
ֻöż񾧣һЩͨ˵Ǻܴˣ˵ʮöż񾧡ֻܶͨȫҼﲻʮöż֡
㶮ʲôмɨ׻
˵㣡ҪǶٷãǾҪɶٷáҪż񾧣ҪʮǾʮҪͽ񾧣͸Ͻǳ
͹
˷ʱ䡣û񾧣ʲôЩ¾ŶҲһ
ô˵Ц˵Ҫż񾧡ҪҪʮż𣿡
Զź
ûӿ㲻˳ۣҪķáô㲻𣿡žԡ
ڸıˣС˿ҪʮżҲˡʮòʮż񾧣͸Ͻ̣ʧӵ֮ڡָͷָžԵա
̫
Եѣߣ뿪⣡׻ŭ˵
̫ߣӾ۸ǣΣ˵ߣҰҲʲôطٲʶ࣬ӽԶ벻ǣ
ôĿЦһ
ѵ㳡һͨҲһŻ
Ŀ⣬ڶԷָԼյָϡ
Сӣѵϣһɱ
㳡Ȼһͨѡһ㶼ںǰ⼸ˡ⼸˵ʵĳҲ˿õġΪһĳͻĴȻ棬⼸
ˣ
Сӣ᲻ýôðɣͻȻһתҲ֮һ䡣
תתֿ߷;ѩ
ûϵɶʮżҲԡڣҸһᡣɫŮܸ漸죬Ӿֻöż񾧡ٺ١Ц˵
߰˸ŶҲţֶĵЦ
ʱԵɫ
Ϣһбų֡
ֱ̧ۣһӡ֡
ӡ֮ϣֲ̺ܣһ𶯣źĻ˹ȥ
С֣ﶯ֣Գ֣ûκηɫзһ
㳡
ͬʱҲˡѾǱˡ㳡֣ƿصǣĳԱ֡⼸ˣԼ̫
ʱûʶӡ̺֮ܡԵӡɢȷʵʮǿҡ
һ̣͸ӦǿҵϢԼ


1428 
ӦµϢֶˡ
ʱʶļһʵԶԶԼ
ʶģȫķֶζڵһʱʩչԼֻҪܵסԷһιܱס
ǵ㳡ǿֻҪܵסԷһιǿ߱ضܼʱϵʱԷɱԼȻǲܵ顣
ϣΣһܲ߾ȫҪסеӡ
˫ʵʵ̫ˡ
ڵ۾֮жٮٮߵĴڣҪɱһͨԷôܵסºȫֶζʩչһӡȻĺȥ

ֻüһҽУͻΪ촷ۣ
׻ˣɱĺͣ۾Ǿ֮ɫ
֮ǰԾԵ̸ǶûκκøСĳԱ⿴ġ
ǣѾƵǡ
ɱһγԱʲôĺ
ˣͲȥ֪ԵĴüԣ˶ܵǣ
ȻǶھԱֳʵͬʮֵ𾪡׻ȷʵжϳεǿߣûжϳԵʵǿ̶ֳȡ
ھǰͨȻһжסͱɱҪôֲΪ
ˣھ¥ʶһˣȻ˲εǿˣ
ڴԶڶΧ۵ߣһҲĿɿڴû뵽Ȼ˸㳡ɱĳԱ
ǶͣһҲ˵ֻòŵžԵˡ
ʱ㳡ܵһ֮ڣһǿϢ͵ϯ
ţһɫߣӽڿٳ˳
һ۾εͬҲĺĳԱʱѾˣ׼ôµʱ򣬾Ĳҽʶˣκԥٶȳ˳
ϧһĿɨǱߵʱĺѾɱΪ촷ۡ
ôĹ۵۾һȡ
ԵҲڸոĻ۵۾ϣ۾΢ڵȻת
һ۾Բ̫⡣ǾԸӦ㳡֮ϣɲֻһ۾εǿߡԶ۾ΧǾҲкܴѹ
Դ֮󣬾Ѿ۾εֹһߵ۾ڶǻ־۾ǻ־۾ڵ۾жǺǿģҲھС
һ۾Բ̫ѹµľǣ뵽Χ֮УԾҲĺܡ̿עܵĶ
Ӱ۾׻۵۾֮ʶ˵һ䡣
ʶɫ۵۾
ԵѣߡĺĳԱ۾ǿߡ׻æԾ˵
ĸĸĸԶε
Ӱ۾ĺĳԱ֮еλߡ˵֮УҲû˵ܹӰ۾
Ӱ۾ء
׻ѣһɱһȽתƵҵռ֮ڡǷģһȫǵİȫǴǡԴˡ
׻ˣȻĿ˾һۡҲû˵ʲôȻɻ󣬵ʱȻ׷ʵʱ
Ӱ۾ʱ򣬾ҲԸ߷;ѩ
һһɱԻὫǼ˶תƵǬСڣȻԼɱһ·뿪ǡʱûлˡ
ºôĵӣǣɱӰһ粽˽ɱڵĶžԡ
ҲӰ۾
ЦЦ˵֪Ҫöż񾧡ɷˣȴҪҶʮż񾧡ˣҵ¡Ů񡣸¾ãɱӦ𣿡

㻹棬ҵҪʲô¸㳡ҰӰ۾һκһӿ
ֲܲڿռڼžѹȥ
䣡ֱ̧һ˳ȥ

Ӱ۾壬޷Ƶԣȴվԭأ˿
۾һν֣ȻӰ۾·硣
Ӱ΢΢һĿⶢžԡ
⡭⡭Եѣѵǵ۾׻伤


1429 £
۾ҲĴһǺټġ
Ӱ۾һν֣Ӱ۾ȻǴ·硣ɴ˿ɼԱضҲǵ۾εǿߡ
׻˿߷;ѩЩ⡣
һ۾εΪߵֻ񾳽磿⻹ǵºŮǹϵһˡ
׻žԡ
¹Ȼд£
Ӱ۾ʱȴͻȻЦе̼ʧӰ٣Ҳÿࡣ
ԿӰ۾û˵ȻڰתŽ䱸
Ӱϣ֪γƺӰžʵ
ԣ˵
ԵѣӰ˫üһ˵Ե벻Ҫ֣ڴ֮ǰƺδ˵Եѵ֡Եǵ۾ǿߣûд
Ӱȷʵȷǵ۾Ρ
Ǵζݽ֣ȻûȫԸҲȷͬûȫ֡ν棬ӰǴ·ġ˶ȫ֣ӰԼҲûκΰܻܶԷҪ˵ɱԷ
һ۾εǿߣûֶû˵Ȼ
཮򣬽ʱ䲻áӰ۾û˵ҵ֣ԻӦ˵
ԭԵǴ཮ǿߡ
ԵѣҲ֪ɣӰĿһתʡ
ĵһȻ֪Եͷ
Եѿм뷨ԾԵѵʵҸұ֤λ֮¡Ӱ۾
ͻȻıԾ̬ȣĿľҪ£Լ
ܹΪһΪ˴ⲿǿߡĵ۾Ȼص£ǣԲߣ཮ݣܵĻӭ
ʥصԱ϶мϸ顣཮ߣȻҲȷϱݣԾͼ򵥶ˡ
£һ۾Ӱ۾˵Ҳкܴôġ
ھǰɱһ¿ɴСֻҪԼ¾ͿԺԡ
Ӱ۾ĻԵ۾Ӱ۾˼ת
Ȼǲܵ顣ʥǵжԵĹϵûг֮ص飬ԻҲῼǼڣǾûκοܡ
ֱӾܾǿԼɱ°ݡ
Կ˿߷;ѩˣֿ˿ԶĴ
һᡣ
ӰѣҲھ͸𸴣Ҫһʱ䡣ԵҲ
û⣬Եǿߣʱӭļ롣Ҫʱ俼ǣҲӰ۾δ̫ʧ
ûлɾԵĻ
һ཮ոߣӦòʲôͻһ⾰ʲôɣأ
Ӱ۾⾰˵Ҫһʱ䣬Ӧþһ°ˡ
ϾҲǵ۾ε£һ¾̼룬̫ˡӰ۾ţνĿǹ󣬿϶ͬ
ӰѣҿɷȽתĿʵ
⵱Ȼû⡣ÿһֻܽһߡڣһڴڡԵѣҪ߳ܽ롣㿴ǱߣǴǽڹĻϵĺ㣬ڴڵߣʱĵĲ㡣Ӱ۾ָŴԱһĻǽ˵
ûϵҿԵȴԵͷ
ɱǺʱ򣬾Զʱˡû뵽Ȼת
ԼӴֱӴŸ߷뿪Ǿǡ
ھӰ۾Իʱ򣬹׻ˣɫȴЩÿ׻ֹΣջû˵˶һۣж̾һȻ˶ϣԼֻǲ֪Ȱ衣
Ӱ۾öż񾧵ķáһڵԾͿԽ
ԵѣʲôطȺ㿴¥ֻǧ׵ľ롣ȺʱͿԸõĸӦķ¡¥ҪȡõġҲԵǱߵȺﲻýκηã볬ףµЧͲࡣӰ۾Խܡ
ڴǧ֮ĵطȷʵһ¥¥ҲǴΧ֮ڵΨһҪڴ֮ڸ£Ψһѡǽ¥


1430 ΢ϵ
Խ߸µЧԽáһ㣬κ㳡߶֪
ǣߣ֮ķ¡ǲ¥ûô֧߰ķá
¥µߣǷǳеġһǴ񾳽ߣ֧ܶ¥ķá
ȥ¥šûԥֱ˵
߷;ѩܽ·кܴԵȻϧһЩ񾧣֮¡
ԵѣмλѣҴǹȥ¥ҲĲҵӰ۾˳˵һ䡣
һˣոյִ¥֮⡣棬߳һɫ۵ߡ
Ϣ񣬾ԺܿжϳҲһ۾εǿߣʵӦòӰ۾֮¡
žԾ͸о¥ڣе۾ϢԣҲһֱ䱸¥ڵϢڿ֮ǰӦϢɫ۵ߡ
ӰϣĿ⣬Ӱ۾һк
ֿ˵Եᰡ
Ȼһֱڹע㳡Ϸ顣ҲӰ۾ĶԻӦҲȫˣԲӰ۾ܣ֪Ե֡
ԵѣλظϳӢ¥ӪӰԾԣһ»ߵݡ
ӢѣԶԳӢЦŹ˹֡
ȻһӰ۾ͳӢ۾˵ı仯ȻĳԱϵƺǺ׽ӡ
ȻûбֳʲôɫȻ׽֮ǰ΢Ĺϵ
Ӱ۾ϣӢ۾ǵظϡ
ڲĸĳԱϵδؾͺܡ
ԵѣӢ۾֣ЦһĶ
Եͷ¥˽ȥ߷ˣҲžԽ¥
Ե˽¥֮ھ¥ڵڶߣ㶼Ŀ⼯е˾Եϡ֮ǰȻھ¥֮ڣžԳɵĶҲǺܴģǶ֪㳡Ϸʲô
֪λ߾ԣҲһ۾εǿߡĳӢ۾Ӱ۾Դ˶ǳĿ
ĿɨһȦȻ֣ھ¥ڵߣвپȻεǿߡ
Եѣ¥ֻһǧ׵ľ롣ķЧǳáԣչأھ¥Ҫһõġãÿÿһöż񾧡
ԵȻѰߣҲҪع򡣡Ӣ۾ЦŶԾ˵
¥㲻ҪκεľˮʳֻﶺҪɾ޶ķáÿˣһҪһöż񾧣Ҳһһ񾧡
㳡Ҫѣ¥ҪѣҪɿֲķá
ƿش֮󣬻ǽ˷ơ
û⣡
ˣһҪöż񾧡ôȽʮķáʱҪٲǡЦЦֱȡǧöż񾧣ݸӢ۾
Եˬ졣Ӣ۾۾˳ֽӹԵǧöż񾧡
ǡ׻žԡ
ղţΪǽǧöż񾧡֣ںܶͨ˵ҲСˡ
׻ˣ̫еǽʱ䣬ҲЩꡢͨȣǵĲƸ϶Ҫٵöࡣ
ˣҲ޷İõĽܾΪǽʷáǿǧöż񾧣öż񾧡
λѣȲ˵õ⡣β¥ڸķ¡԰ڰ֣֪׻Ҫ˵ʲô
ȻҲ˵׻˲ûǧöż񾧣ֻǲżѡ뿪֮ٹ黹Ҳ١
ǧöż񾧣ȷʵСĿĿǰ빴׻˵ĹϵԶﲻһ˲ù黹ĵز
Ҳã׻ͷ
Ҳ뿪Ǻٽǧöż񾧻ԡȻǺܸУóǧöż񾧻κ⡣
ԵѣȺһʱ䡣һұ֪ͨ㡣Ӱ۾ٺһЦԾ˵
Ǿ鷳ӰˣԵͷ˵
Ӱ۾ЦЦ뿪¥
Ӱ۾뿪֮󣬳Ӣ۾ͻȻѹԾ˵Եѣ֪Ӱ£󣬲ϣԵܿһǵظ󣡡


1431 ϴ
΢ųӢ۾
Ӣѵ˼ǣ֪ⳣӢ۾Ӱ۾ǽǡ
ĸ֮֡͵ظʵĸ֮бȽͻظ󣬲СӢ۾˵
ţѾѶظˡ˵˾Եѣ̾ͱʾһԵܹظ˻һʱӼԵѡһ¾Եѿܲǵظĸ򱦵˹ϵΪ׽
ԵȻʱ䲻Ҳһ֪ǵ˵ĵǵظĸˣƾĹϵӵõĵҩ
ԣԵԸظôضԵõĺô
ǺǡȻˣҲֻһ飬ξϣҪԵѵ˼Ӣ۾Цžԡ
ҡҡͷ˵ʱܾ볣ӢѲҪ⡣Ҫһȿǵظ󡣡
ԵĻӢûκβã෴ĻмϲͿԿó
ûϵԵѿǣȷʵҲһش飬һʱӢӰһûбȾ˼
ԣѹûпǹҪ˵ЩֻΪ˰Ӱ۾ⳣӢ۾
ҾͲŸλˡԵѣʲôҪҰæңһһֱھ¥ڡӢ۾ٴζԾԹ˹֡
лҲֻ
ѩķºأǵôԶԸ߷;ѩ˵
ţȷʵкֻܴ΢򣬶Լڷкܴ߷ͷ
ףھˣҵÿʵȡճΪ񡣡ѩЩȲ
󣬾Ժ͹׻Ҳ򵥵˵˼䡣˱㶼Ǵ·֮С
ʱһȥ
֮Ӱ۾ٴ¥Ҿԣ߾ǴڵѾԿԽ
Եѣƶռ԰ɣǳأÿֻܽһˡԣƶռߴڣҲǲеġӰ۾Ц˵
ҵƶռڣûߡԻӦ˵
ǾͺãǾͺãӰ۾Цŵͷ
Ƭ̺󣬾Աͨڣ˴ڸ߷˵İȫҲġҪ£Լ룬϶ԼʱԸ߷˲
ң¥Ҳйأھ¥ڽֹκ˶䡣һ㣬綼֪ġȻԵǿƣԼƶһЩ򣬱ϻǻصġ

˻˻
ĵһ㣬Ըһ룬һɹ˷ӿ
Щǳ⡣
ǣֱӾߵ塣
ԼãԼ籩طһ֮Ȼڵ籩Ҫº͵öࡣ
Щߵ꣬ȴ˲䱬ˮһ㣬ϵϴˢߵ塣
ĺ壬
ĵһռ䲢󣬿ȥͺһڴλãһݡͨݣԵϵڶռ䡣
ЧˣԺܿ͸оı仯
˵ʱ̹ߵ塣ڹͬʱ壬ߵøӴͼ̡
ڴһ㣬Ǻѹ
Ͼǵ۾εָǿһԾԵӰ첢󡣲ܾͨͻǳСˡһ޷ܴôһֱͿܻɢ
ھҲˣΪι׻˵һߣֻܵϴĵ㡣
һǾŲ㣬ԽϣӦþԽǿҡһǵϵĲ㣬ܾͻᱻֱ塣
ߵ屻Ҳͳˡ
ߣĲࡣڴÿһݵĲԶһͷǾԼ޷ܣͨͷ뿪ڴڵߣǳϡ١
żϵڶ㡣һȻǺǿɶԾԵͬϴӵЧͣžŰʮһʱ䡣
ֻҪʱ伴ʱ򣬵ϵڶ㼴ɡ
Ҳߵѡ񣬼ûżϸߵĲ
֮⣬ĻǽϣԵĺ㣬Ҳһֱͣڵһλá
ʮʱܿ͹ȥ


1432 
һ㣬Ѿһռʮʱ䡣
ʮʱ徭ĲϴϴӣзǳԵԸоԼ壬Ƚ֮ǰҪǿ󳬹һɡ
ɲҪСһɣԵ屾ͷǳǿϣһǿȣǷǳѵá
þԵսҲ֮ࡣԽǿ߷ȵȷĿԽǿսȻҲԽǿټϣԻһطҲ籩ԵΪǿ籩ȻԽǿֲ
һ㣬ֻʣһʱˣǰڶˡ˫ĿվŽ˹ȥ
֮⡣
˽뵽ڶˣ
ǰĻǽϵĺ㣬˵ڶ㡣
Щͨǿߣһ㶼ܴﵽġӦǵ۾ǿߣյ㶼ܿܡ
˵ǻٹıˣԼɣǸʱ;·򡣡
㳡ϣһЩר־¡ҲвˣڹעžԽ
ʱ㳡һ֮ڣӰ۾ȡ˴Ѷʯ
˻ѶˣӰ۾ɨѶʯݡ
վ㳡չֳ۾ʵ֮Ӱ۾Ҫ£Լҽ£Ѷͨĸˡ
һ϶ǲҪ˵ġǾԣǵ۾εǿߣӰ۾ʱҲ̾ͨˡ
ֻǣƺٳٶûиӰ۾Ѷ
Ӱϣ˵㷢һ۾ĻѶ
ǵģˣֽоԣ཮粻áӦ˵˴ĴڣԲҪ塣Ӱ۾΢΢ĴѶ
Ϊ£һ۾ôǴһ˻ʹͣһҲӰ
཮򣿴ˣǴӾŴ𣿡Ҳ΢Щ仯
磬۾Ȼ࣬ҲһЩǣЩ۾϶ԼݱġҪ£Щ۾ͨȽϷң£Ҳѱ֤£ĵ۾û˼
཮ǷǳʵԴ
ǣ
ˣǰ㳡һͨ˳ͻɱҳ֣оʵ֮¡Ե˼һ뵽ܽǸõѡ񡣡Ӱ۾ٺЦһ˵
ɱͨ
Ƣ͵Ӷܴ󰡣ûϵǵ۾Ըһж⡣ӰλӦģУԾҲкܴȤ
˵ԼҪһʱ俼ǡڣѾ˴塣룬ʱӦþͻӦˡӰ۾˵
ܺáעˣáԸߣɱɣ˵
ˣﻹҪһЩ顣Ǳߵ飬ͽ㴦˵
ǣӰ۾æӦ
жӰ۾ϵ
Ӱ۾Ŀ⣬ӿĻǽϵĺ㡣
żÿһͣʮһ죬Ҳǲµʱ䡣ԣܵǵĵ㣬ܹҲһʱ䣬ҿĵӰ۾ૡһ䣬ջĿ⡣
ڴڶ㣬ͬǴ˰ʮʱ䡣
ڵһڣԵ壬˴ԼһɵӡڵڶİʮʱԵ壬ٴһɵӡ
׳󣬾ԻоԼֻƿأӵĵӦУԼһЩµĸ
ֻ򣬾Ŀǰֻɱ䵽ռܽҲɱ䵽ռǾԵսɾͿֲˡ
ʱ򣬾սһҲεӦöⲻ
վͨĽ˹ȥ
ڵռ䣬˰ʮ󣬾ԽĲռ䡣

ǻ챦Ҳ֪εġоϣҪʦտʵŶöࡣ
ЩǱǿֳġôʲôƳ˵챦һ¡


1433 ߲
ʱһȥ
㳡һЩ˴㳡뿪
ʱ㳡֮ϣԽԽ߿ʼעĻǽϵĺɫ㡣
ʱɫڴĵ㡣
Դӱ磬ѾǼʮʱȥˡߣʵв١ǣܹϵǿߣȴࡣ
һЩ۾εնûܵϵ㡣ϵĵ۾Ҳֹڴˡ
˵ܵϵ߲𣿡
߲㣿̫ܣ֪һЩûܵϴĵ߲㡣
Ҳ˵׼ҲһЩ۾˴ĵ߲㡣
ۡܿǾ֪ˣǸоԵĵ۾Ѿڵĵڰʮʱ˰ɣǵ߲㣬ʱ䵽˾ͻᱻͳ
ǰԵ۾Ҳĺˡܹϴĵ۾ǵ۾ǿġǿһսҲǿ
Ե۾սڵ۾жεģ
ߣʱֹͣķ£עĻǽڡ
Ծ߽ǣܵϵȴټԣѾڵͣ˰ʮʱľԣעҲ
ھ֮ǰҲֹڵĲѡ
ľԡ
ˣ
߲㡭վ߲ͬĽݡ
ڵѾԾԵȽϴѹԾⲻڴһʱ䣬Ⱥܴ
ڽ֮ǰԵǿһٵĻôڴĵһ㣬ǿȾһһӡڵڶ㣬ǿȾһٶʮһڵ㣬ǿȣһʮĲ㣬ǲһʮߡ
ڵ㶼ͣ˰ʮ죬ǿȾͽӽһٰˡ
Ҳ˵Ƚ֮ǰԵȽӽ˳ɵӡֶζкԵĽ
ٸӣԶԽԷգǵռıԵԸоò˶ãԷɱΪռ
վ΢Ƭ̣߲ͨĽ˹ȥ
߲֮С

һռڵҪȵǿҵöࡣһ룬Ծ͸оԼҵĴʹȫ˲亹ɫʪ͸
ҧתһ񹦣ͬʱ۲ı仯ٶȣҪٶȣôԾͻͨͷ뿪
ϵ壬ϵҲҴ⡣
ڼʱȥ֮󣬾ԾͰˡԼ壬߲ռ֮ڣȻֵܼסĿʹԳܵס־ĥµüˡ
߲ˣ
졭
̫ˣԵ۾壬ǿĺܾˡȻĵ˵߲㡣
̫ǿˣⶼյʱˣûгڴĵ߲㣬Ҳסˡ
ڴʷϣܹ߲ҲĹɣ˵ļλˣҲֹڴĵ߲㡣ǰʥأҲû߲ܵ㡣
Ե߲֮㳡ϣǴһƬ
߲㣿
Ե۾ȻûʧӰ۾С
Ȼġૡһ䣬Ŀ֮УȴЩʼɵĹâ˸Ӱ۾֮ǰͽǴ壬Ҳֹڵ㡣ҲԹ߲㣬ʧˡ߲ٶ̫죬ŵͨͷ뿪
벻Ե۾ڵ߲ס
Ե۾ԽǿʱҵĹ;Խ󡣡Ӱ۾΢΢ĺһ
ʱ˿̣¥ڵĵظϳӢ۾Ҳ¶֮ɫ
λԵ۾ܳΪһҪùϵܵӢ۾ͷ

߲㡣
һ֮
Ե۾ͻȻ棬һŽԵķͷų

ɱˡռˣҲϲõúܡ
ռǾյĵռܡʵϣһֱҪɱΪռ򣬵ȴһֱ򣬱Ƚɱ䵽ռ
ҶԼĽҲкܶµĸţò˶ãҲɱ䵽ռռֹռޣս棬Ӧƥ𡣡Ŀ˷ܵĹת


1434 ڰ˲
Ϊ˾Σڤڤ֮еĸ֪Ѿǳǿˡ
оԼռޡ⡢𡢳ռôڹϾƥҲǱȽ׼ȷжϡܹƫطˮǺǾԶаǵ潻ս
ʱ򣬼ɽɽ룬ҲԴӦԡ
żֻҶһһյġ񣬿ٳעı仯
ڴ߲㣬˰ʮ󣬾Եͨڰ˲Ľݡ
һΣԵøСġ
ĵ߲㣬ѾԾԲܴвڰ˲㣬϶գԿɲϣԼء
ܵشܿӰ쵽Ժĵ;
ৣ
ͨݣԽڰ˲ռ䡣

ֲӿľʹԸоԼԾ˵ٶڡ
ãһռ̫ǿҵ嶥סɫȻһ䣬Ŀͷ
ӰһŴͷٱ˹ȥ
ܹϴڰ˲ߣȷʵëǡһϴڰ˲ߣ򱦵ˡ
򱦵ǿߣҲֹڴڰ˲㣬ûܵϵھŲ㡣
򱦵ʲôǽĴڡȻûм򱦵ˣ룬򱦵˵ʵǲʦտ֮µġң򱦵˻һʥʦڵϵǷ켫
ȥ𣿡
һνҵջѾܴ󡣾ʹ˳ȥҲˡ
վڴͷ֮ǰʹĬĬת
ͻȻһԺһ
Сڣ籩뵽Լط籩
ǣС̻Ӧ
˲Ϣ֮籩ھԵܡ籩ʩչþԵѹȻ͡
оһ仯֮󣬾жʱϲ
ڵǳ졣ߵԼյķȵ޷ֹ͸
ʩչ籩֮ǰҲ޷ȷ籩ЧֻͻȻԳһ£ҽû뵽籩ķǳЧ
籩ܣøĴԼ塣
ڵڰ˲ռ䣬סˡ
㳡ϣ
ʲô
ϴڰ˲㣬Ȼûд
찡ʷϣмܵϴĵڰ˲㣿ԣʲôˣǵ۾Ϊڵڰ˲㣿
˼飡ò˶ãԵ۾¾ܴˡ
ߵĿ⣬עĻǽϡĺɫ㣬žԵĺ㣬ڴڰ˲ռ֮ڡⶼ˺һᣬԵ۾ûдӴ
¥ڵĳӢ۾Ļǽڣú³һ
ȡѶʯ
ˣѶĶǵظĸ
Ӣϣ£ظϵѶ
ˣ㻹ǵ֮ǰ˵ľԵ۾𣿡Ӣ
ţô཮ĵ۾ܲԸظҾԲظ˵
ǣˣԵ۾֮ǰʱδڴ֮ڡӢ۾æ˵
ûڴѶô£ظõʵ
ˣԵ۾Ѿڰ˲ˡңѾڵڰ˲㡣Ҿ¹شбҪø֪Ӣ۾һ
ڳӢ۾仰˵֮󣬵ظþöûٻѶ
˺һᡣ
ȷظ֮ǰһ
ʷϣܹϴڰ˲ռ䲢ߣÿһŹâҲǳһմﵽʲζкܴĿܡ
ǧȷӢ۾ܵ˵
ţȷʵͬСɡȥһˣǾԵ۾Ӵ̸̸ˣһҪظ󣬾ȥظ仰Ѷ󣬱ж볣Ӣ۾ĶԻ
ȻѾǸ
һӰ۾
ôѶӰ۾ⶼ˶ѶϢûеõκλѶ
֪ʱסˣûпĴѶ
ǸĳӢ϶Ҳע⵽˾Ե۾ڵڰ˲㡣ֻ£ѾظͨˣӰ۾˿¥ķ򣬱Щ
²⵽Ӣ۾еظ϶޶ԣҲûа취ֻϣھԵ۾뿪֮ǰԼѶ


1435 ֲ
ظúܿ졣
ھԵڰ˲֮ظǣ㳡
ԣνӵӢ۾ĴѶ̴֮ܲǡ
λظзģһϮɫۣòȥΪš
磬Ȼ֮һ
㳡̾Ⱥ𶯡Ŀ⣬תƵϡЩĿУľηϢʶס
Ȩļ֮һ
ˣӢ۾һʱͳ¥ӭӡ
šԳӢ۾ڰ֡
ʱӰ۾Ҳ˷ɫüѿ
ͲµӢ϶ظйͨҲû뵽Ȼô͵㳡ھԵ۾֮ǰĸȻܵôԵ۾ųɶҪظˡ
Ӱ۾ĲʣҲûκΰ취ֻεк
Ӱʱˡ㿴æİɡЦŶӰ۾˵Ϊ
Ӱ۾ˣظ򲻵һҲû̫໰Ӱ۾˵
ǣӰ۾ˡ
󣬷볣Ӣ۾˽¥Ӣ۾һƧİ䡣
ӢϣΣĿ⿴ĹĻǽڣжԳӢʵ
Ե۾Ѿʱ䣬ܻڵڰ˲ռʮһ챻ԶͳӢ˵
ţµʱ䣬޷ʱ䣬ҾšӢϣܽǾԵ۾£ĹͿɲСʱһΪ빦΢΢һתӢ۾΢Ц˵
лˣлˣӢл

ʱҴš
תۣڴڰ˲㣬Ѿ˰ʮʱ䡣
ƾ籩طڰ˲ռڣҲɵúܡڵ߲ʱǿҲǳһɡ
ˣԵĽ򣬸оʱͻƴﵽռ
ʮˣ
ڰ˲֮У໹ܴһʱ䡣
ǺöߣûнߣǿȫˮƽҲѹ֣۵ԶԶһȣǵ۾Ρεȴ١
ô
ԵĿ⣬ͨھŲĽݡ
Դ𽫴ӻд󣬻ûκһĵھŲ㡣
ĵھŲ㣬ľҲûκ֪֪ȻҲû¶ٹڴھŲϢ
ʱľԣڿԼҪҪھŲ㡣ĵھŲ㣬Լ׻᲻Σա
ȻˣܲԿ
ھŲȵڰ˲Σյö࣬籩һطֶΣҲ˲ʹݻҵ塣۾΢С
ڶݵĳ֮˾ϡ
ÿһߣһֻһνĻᡣһνǾʹ˳ȥԺɾҲûнĻˡԣԾϵھŲ㡣
ৣ
վһݡ
䡭
Ե˫ţոյǰûʲôĽݣȴͻȻһɿֲ˲ǴӽϼķڽԻЩÿһɢһַǳֲϢ·κһ̺ܣɱεǿߡ
ɿµֱӾ뾰Ե壬ӴֻɲǣԵͳִѺۣ·Ҫļ
ȫһʶĺˣӽ뿪
Ե˫뿪֮ǿֲҲ֮ʧݣָ·ղŵľ󣬴δֹ
Ǿȴ֪ڸղţǹɿֲȴʵʵڵġΪʱԼѺۣȻǴĿġ
Աأһ
⵽ÿֲֻ˲䣬ҵͳִѺۡҺһ㣬嶼ޱصĶǰĽݡ
ЩˣΪӽ򱦵ˣ޷ϴھŲ㡣򱦵ˣҲһԹھŲ㡣ֻһݣסȥ·ͨ
򱦵˵壬϶ҲޱǿġԷŸоϵҲã֮£κߵ壬ס
ô죿
ѵʹ˷˫ü
󣬾ָ塣ڰ˲ռڣԼͣһʱ䡣


1436 ھŲ
Ե壬ֻǱϸСѺۣδ˵
ڴڰ˲ռ䣬޸Ҳܿ٣ֻ˲ʱʱ䣬ͻָ
ĿٴοͨھŲĽݡ
ϵ̫ǿˣڵǿȣͲܳܵסǹ򱦵ˣӦö߲ȥ򱦵˲ܷŹھŲĻᡣ
ô죿
ͷת
һΣϣҵ籩Чۡ
ȻݼΣգԲδ׷
ǿߵ·һ˳ġеĻ䣬޷ܷ紵
ھ󣬾Աûٳɡ籩ʩչһϽݡ
ֲٴμžԳ
סҧ߶籩طܡ
ǰ˲ĴԵ׳󼫶࣬籩ܣҲ֮ࡣ
ϵҪݻپԵ壬Ե籩ȴǽ߾ȫֵܲԾΪģٵķ
ԼһԵҲǲ𶯡ԵɳһԼ籩ԽȻЧġ
ҵÿ㣡
籩άǿȣҵļ졣ܽھŲ㣬ڵھŲ㲻֪ʲô龰ұ뾡ġ
žԵתĶҲӿ졣˫ŲŵھŲռȥ

ƺԽʵǣĽԽǿҵ籩Ҫֵסˡɫ
ʱѾ˽ݵмλá
ʱ籩ֵסôҲٲΪһ籩ܲˣôҪ뿪ݣҲһӾģҪʱ䡣뿪ݵʱ֮Уܱܿ
ԿϷ
ƴˣһҧٶٴμӿ졣
ž籩ܣǱ׻
κһĽӿԵ塣֮£Եֻ΢Ӵͻڵһɶ
һŭȫ弱ǰȥ
ৣ
ڽӴ˲䣬ͻȻоǰһ䣬Ļɳڿľ֮£նӳɫ
ȵ¶ȣƤͷһְɫ̫
ǡԿܵľ۾Բ
֪Ѿͨ˽ݣ˴ĵھŲ㡣ܣû޷ֵĽҲΪھŲռ䣬ǰ˲ռ䶼ȫͬǰ˲ռ䣬·һȴ·һƬĮлϢ
ǰ˲ȫͬھŲ㣬ûǰ˲ִڡзſӦܵһС
ȷԼڴ֮ڣԼܵ˻һ֮ϡ
ĵھŲ㣬ΪھԵ֪УûвκϢ
еģƺֻ޾ĻֻЩĻɳǲ֪ƣķˣԼͷȵ̫
֮⡣
㣬ʧˣ
ĻǽϣԵĺɫ㣬ʱʧˡ
㳡ܶߣʱ̶עĻǽϵ㡣Եʧ̾ͱ˷֣˷
Ŀ⣬䵽˹ĻǽϡʱǹĻǽϣȷʵûκε㡣
ô£
Ե۾Ӵ𣿡
û֮ǰûκӰڡûдӴ
ߣǱԶͳͨͷ߶ڴǰĹ㳡ϣҲڹ̶
ɴʱһƬȫûκӰĻǽϵ㣬ȴȫʧˡʧȴûζʲô
ˣжһۡ
ˣ
λԵ۾ˣ
ôᡭϴڰ˲ߣڴ֮ڣ
ûмǴĻԵ۾ϵڰ˲ռ䣬ӦаʮʱˡԣǲǳԵϵھŲ㣬Ȼڴڣ
һߣ˵
仰˵֮ܵȺȻҶΪԣе
̫ϧˣܹϴڰ˲ߣʷ϶ҲڴڣǾ̫ϧˡ
ڿȷʵڴˡ
ţҲ䡣һ䣬ʲôˡ
ֵȴƬ̡ԵӰȻûг֮ڣˣ㶼Ϊ˴֮ڡ
¥ڵĳӢ۾ɫ΢΢һ䣬ĻǽڡıϢ֮УһɴӰһ


1437 
Ӣ۾ܿͳڷǰ˹ھԵ
˵ԣˣɫ˲
ϹĿľҪһԣ£ĵظ֮С
µʱ󣬵õϢȴǣǾԾȻ˴֮ڡʱܺãǲǹ¡
ˣĿǰȷĻǽʧûдӴľ鿴ӦˡӢͷε˵
ˣǾһҲûˡӢҲ޷еõκκô֮ǰչǿ롣
Ƭ̲ٴο˵ȥ
Ӱһ¥㳡վڹĻǽ֮ǰ
Ŀ⿴ŹĻǽڣƤ
ŭͺһ
ˡӢվһԡ
һǳҪϵھŲռ䣬Żᱻȫɱġߣ޴˶޷ͨھŲĽݣΪ˭ȻͼϵھŲ㣡ȷʵǺܷŭ
Ӣ۾վһߣɫҲѿ
Ӣһ£ˡֱһӣԳӢ۾仰󣬱ŷŭȥ
ȻڷԿ϶ˡʮʷϣûܵϴھŲ㡣ĵ򱦵ˣҲûܵһݡǾԣԲܵϵھŲ㡣
ʱĻǽϺɫʧ֤˴֮ڡȻˣʲô
ӢϣӰ۾ҲĻǽǰ볣Ӣ۾վһЦЦĿųӢ۾
ӢתһӰ۾û˵
ˣһǰ˰Ӱ۾˵Щڿζ
Ӣ۾ƤӶһ£ջû˵ĬȻķ¥
ʱ¥ڣ߷Ҳע⵽Գ⡣
벻עⶼѣھ¥ڵڶߣҲ¡˶ΪԵ۾˴֮ڡ
߷;ѩжޱȵĳء
߷ѡ
ʲôط˲ԵôҿпǾԵѵ˵ھŲ㡣磬ûߵϵھŲ㡣Եѵĺɫʧ˵Ϊ˵ھŲ㡣׻߷;ѩȣ˵
ʵһԼ̫š
ֿ𣿡߷￴׻
ȷʵֿܵģ忪˵ߣӦĳڹĻǽϡǣȴû߳ɹϵھŲ㡣ϵھŲ֮󣬻᲻ỹڹĻǽϳֶӦĺɫ㣬˭Ҳ
׻˵Ļ߷;ѩ΢һЩο塣
λѣǧҪżǣǼķ򣬵žԵѴӴڳǾżҲûа취ģֻеȴ׻˵
߷;ѩˣ˵ͷ
繴׻ԣżҲûκ취ΨһģžԳ
ң߷;ѩУҲžԻԴӵ͵磬磬ôΣգΪ۾εڴ֮ڡ
ǵ֮У·һڸǣԻšֻҪ¥žԹ
ھŲռ䡣
ԶűŰĿĻɳš
ռڣΪңԳԷУǳѡԣС
ĿԾвǺܴ󣬿һһУǺѼֺʱͻᱻ
ĵһ㵽ڰ˲㣬ǴġھŲ⣬ţھŲĴڱضҲеġռ䣬һʲôмֵĶ
ȻռûκμֵҲܴԭأҲҪѰҳڡһ㵽ڰ˲㣬дͷԳȥھŲ㣬ӦҲаɣ
ʱһȥ
ھŲռ䣬ǳӴ󣬾˴ʱ䣬Ȼûпκεľͷ
ʱԵһЩɡһ󣬾ǣھŲռڵĿ粢ÿһһġ
ԣʼʶŷԽķߡ
Ǽµʱȥ
߶ˣ
Ŀ磬֮ǰǿټһ롣ǰ϶ŲͬѰĶԵ˼Ҳʼ
ٶȣӿ졣
ʮ֮
վס壬Ŀǰ
ǰ龰þʶ۾гһ
ʲôԿУһ
һӰһǳ޴Ӱ߶סڵλãӰԶǣܿһεӰӣƺ࣡


1438 Ź
ǰľӰһĶ
Ӱ֮ߡ
Уһɫ޽£ڵϣȥ·ɫ޽
ʲôˣ
ΪڴھŲڣڻеõӦ֪ھŲڵΰɣôˣҲʶ𣿡վԭأһʱ䲻֪üǰȻȥѡܿ
ȻԶȻĸӦӾ޴ӰͷųϢ
ޱǿļصһϢ
Ϣ֮£ĵ۾ߣһҪĤݵĳ嶯ϢԲǵһθӦˡ
ڳ֮أŹǵʱ򣬾Ծо
ԾԴжϳӰӦε
һڴھŲ㣿һֱڴڣǺŽģ
˼ǧ
ԣ
ԾϣƺûκϢûȷʵоκεϢͺ񵱳ҼŹʱĸоһ
ѵλǿߣҲѾȥ𣿡һ
뷨֮󣬾ԵĵҲʼǰ̽ڸռ޴Ӱʱ򣬾ȫġΪµԷ
ھöԷѾȥ֮󣬾ԲٴͷȻܽĽǰ̽顣
ھͷ̽ĹУ޴ӰûκεĶ˿վ
ԵӽӰǧ֮ڵʱҲǰ̽֡ƺһѾҪҪǾԻϿȷȷʵѾȥˣӦȥܾúܾá
֣Ȼ󡭡
Ҳˡֿܣ˵ɱܾˣ԰²š
ͬʱǰȥȻǿȥˣǶԾ˵ΣԾͽͺܶˡȻԿ϶Ҫȥ
ǡڽӽĹУԵͫ΢΢һ
һΣĿǾ޴Ӱ·ھ޴ӰĽ£һʬ壬һȫڵӴʬ塣
ڽԶʱ򣬾ԾͿڵʬ塣ʱԻûʶʬ壬ֻΪʲôʱԲϳһʬ塣
ǲʬ壬ȥħ
ʱ򣬴ħںħڣħɱԣ֪ħһЩħò
ھ޴ӰµӴӰħеħòϷǳơֻǣʬ쳣Ӵ󡣾Ըоʬĸ߶ȣܱվŵҪ߳һ߶㳬ʮ֮ޡ
ѹľǰƶ
ܿģԾ͵˾ʬǧĵطλãȷʵиܵһ
תҪƿ赲Լƾ߶ޣȻ޷ǰ
ʱ򣬾ԸоǬСڣƺæȡȻһ㵭Ĺת
Ǿڳ֮صõġ˺;Żʹӣö͸˾ԡ
ϵĹΣ赲ԵӴƺһЩ仯
΢΢һ𣬶ǰ̤һһΣǷǳ˳赲ûٶԾԲκε谭
Կ˿еЩ
Ե˽֮ڵϵħǰһ޴ĶڣڴǰعᴩȥӦǳ׶޴Ķڣֻһۣ㿴еĳڵ״ɫȫϡ
˿ڣӦгɵġ𾪵ĸ̾һ
ѵͷħͬھ𣿡
ħȻɱѵħһħ΢΢̧ͷ
ʱ򣬾ԵȻ԰ٷְȷͷħѾȥܾá

ĪǺÿֲܲҵĲϼҲǺ鱦ΣܣԶԶɫ޽ȡԸźɫ޽ϵܲ
Ҳǣʹõ϶ǿ󣡡ֵͷ
ţͻȻԾһ
һִ
ԶԽգ֮ǰѾܽӽռ⡣ʱŹǽ£Ӧɫ޽ܣǸһεĴƺɱļ
񣬽ȫľ˽֮ϡ
ˣ
ԼûзյĽǿʼɱܣ뵶


1439 ȫҪ
Ź֮£ԶԽ򣬴ﵽһ˾ĳ̶ȡ
Ҫȥ͸ɱ䡣ҲþףھŲռڵλǰһǳóýңҲһܼǿĺɫ޽
ھھ޽֮£ɱ佣ʱһ͸Ӱȴںɫ޽֮ϣ͸ӰĿ⿴žԣûзκ졣ңӰϣҲκþԾûκβ
㳡Ӱ۾һڣһȡԼĴѶʯ
ӰϣӴѶʯڴ
Ӱ۾΢΢һæվˣ
ӰϣǰѶңʲôҪҪǰ˵Ǹԣͬ𣿡ͳʵ
һʱ䣬һҪǣҲǸոգע⵽Ӱ۾ԼĴѶӰ۾С⡯һ¡
ͺڣôŸ˴Ѷˡڣڴڣô˵
£Ҳֻʵʵ˵
ˡǸԣѾˡûܳӰ۾ӲͷƤѶ˵
ʲôһ
ô£Ӱôµģ˶ˣ㻹ҶδѶдŭ⡣
ˣҡҲû뵽ǸԾȻڴڡܶ࣬ȴǳټԣҿҲǴˣ治֪ô¡ʱҸ˶δѶҪΪ㳡ƺҪǾظ󡣡Ӱ۾æ˵
ߣûõĶǷһߡ
жӰ۾ϵ
Ӱ۾еĴѶʯ֪У϶һ亹
Ӱ۾ͷ׺ݵĿ¥
ಣӰһ뿪ⴱ
ܿ죬Ӱ۾ڽ¥ȫļµŨɱ⡣
ٺ٣ǼǰݵúܣӰ۾Ÿ߷Ǽˡ
¥¶ȣƺӰ۾ĵ˺ܶࡣ¥ڵڶߣȻĿӰ۾ܿ죬ǾʶӰ۾Եģ뾰Ե۾һĸˡ
Ӱˣǣ׻ɫ΢΢һףæּ
סЩ쵰ɱˣΪܰȻ뿪𣿺٣ĸˣҪȫҪӰ۾ɱڡ
ʵҸ߷˵鷳ֻΪ߷¥ڡ¥ȻҲĲҵȴǱظơԣҲʱ죬׽еı˳
⡭׻֪Щˡ
ӰƺҪˡ
֮ǰӰ۾ƺ뾰Ե۾˺ͽ⡣ǽڣԵ۾ǰ¡ڣӰ۾ȻΪԵ۾˴֮ڣȻٴŹ뾰Ե۾һǰĸˡ
Ӱˣ²֮ǰѾ˵ֻһᡣ׻ǿ侲˵
᣿
档磬ͲʲôᡣǸԣɱĳԱѾڴ֮ڡĸһĴţҪЩĶȫΪԱᡣӰ۾ȵ
ո£Ӱ۾ֱ̧ۡ
䣡һɺ嫵ܲ߷ĸȫס
߷;ѩֻ񣬹׻ҲֻͨĸӰ۾ȫûеֿء
֮е߲٣Ǵʱû˸Ϊ߷˵Ҫ˵ˡ
ĵ̣Ӱ۾ΪУǾûк³˵ǵʵҲ޷Ӱ۾ȡȺ֮УʵǿҲǶˡ
ȻһЩˣԸ߷ҲȽͬ顣ǣǶѡܱ
Ӱϣʲô
ǧһʱ̣һţһ𣬽Ӱ۾ͷŵܻ
¥ĳӢ۾ڸ߷ĸ˵ǰԶ
ӢϣĪҪңӰ۾Ŀųõ۾
ǺǣӰϣ⻰ҳӢͲˡ¥ҸĵطƺҪɱˣѵһ¶УӢ۾ƤЦⲻЦĿӰ۾
ʵϣӢ۾Ҳ߷ĸˡǣ¥¥ĸˡ¥ף棬Ȼʡ˿ΪӢӰԶ¶档
Ӱ۾Ϣһ
ӰЦ


1440 ˻
Ӱ۾Ŀ⵶һ㣬Ӹ߷ɨ
ӢϣɲҪǣǾɱĪǣΪĳϣҪЩԵͬ𣿡Ӱ۾Ӣ۾һñӡ
仰ӢɫҲһ
Ӣ۾תһ۸߷ˡ
Ӱϣ֪¥Ĺءκ˶ɱ¾ɱǣǾҪ뿪¥ֻҪ¥ҾԲʡǷҪ¥ڶ֣ҾͲòֹ㡣ǲֹ㣬ǵظĸ¥ĹأǸԶµġӢ۾˵
ھڴ֮ǰɱӢ۾÷ŭΪˣظĳԱ
ظ¥
Ӱ¥ɱˣǲӢᶪظĸ޹⡣ظԶµĹأ˵ƻƻ
㡭Ӱ۾ҧųӢ
Ӣ仰ֱǷϻӰеҷ
ʲô¥⶯뾰һͬǰ⼸ˣôɵ뿪¥ǣǳڵ״ĸˣ϶̤¥벽
Ӱ۾βĵһأĸˣ֮ǰʮͣáڹȥӽʱ䣬һʱ䣬Ǿͱ뿪¥Ҫɷ¥ڣҲͬΣӢ۾˵
ãҾٵȼ꣡Ӱ۾һ֣뿪¥
Ӱ۾ȥ֮󣬸߷˲Ŷ΢ɳһĸˣ
׻Ӣ۾Ҫ˵һЩлĻӢ۾ȻĸκνӰ뿪ҲӰһʧھ¥֮С
ھŲ㣡
ɹˣ
ռ⣡
ڣѾȫռ⣬ռޣռ׺ռռ򡣡
ϥľԣ˫Ŀ
ָ΢΢һתһʱתγһֲĽǿܲڽ򸲸ǷΧ֮ڷ·ܹһС
СһԲ
ʱһͻȻ
ȫ˲ͻȻֵ˾һΪڴھŲռ֮ڣֻһˡʱȴͻȻһ
תĿһ㷢Ưںɫ޽ϵİ͸Ӱ͸Ӱϣûκȴκиӡ
ǰǣվСĽ䱸ʵ
СһôţֻԴѡӰ
Դ飿Կ˿Ӱֿ˿ɫ޽
û
Сһ治ҵ˰˻ֻһЩдĽۼôĴڶ̶ʮʱռ⡣Ӱ;ԣֻЩ˸С
ĿӰ
СһʲôϵϣôӰָԾʵ
˻𣿡пת
Źǣѵǰ˻𣿡Կ˿Ӱֿ˿ѾȥܾãȴŹǡ
飿飬Ӧò̫ΣաѾռսȳһǿߡһ飬Ҫɱҿɲףɫ޽飬ӦҲǺѡ
пתЩͷ󣬾˺ܶࡣ
ܾãǰ֮أΪ֮ءҽ֮أõǰĺܶôҲڳ֮صõġʵʵ˵
Ҳ𣿡ӰЩԾ
ţʮǰԵͷ
Ӱ̾Ϣһ
𣿳ΪΣվ۷Ҳһ˰˻ˣĺȻҲˡӰп
СһҲдԵˡõĴУ־ָɣӰӾԡ
ǰ
˻ǰѵΪͷħɱɵ𣿡ָָϵħʬ塣
ǰһͷħħһħҵˣͷħɱȴһͬھ³ӰЦ˵
ȻħǰҲ˵ħһħ֪ܹȵĿ´ڡԾ̾˵
ħһżǿԵı塣ǰħһĴս֮Ϊ֮սһսħһ屻մˣǿʮȥţûָܻԪ
СһȻ㵽ҲԵ֡ұ㽫͸ɣӰͻȻָһ㣬һɻɫȻ֣žԾ


1441 ֮
ɫʶҪ߶ֵҲͬʱӴһŻɫһŻɫǺ󣬱̷˵ֵ
һŻɫʣûκιԡ֮жϳǺҲΪõ֮ĴУԴ˽⡣
ɫһִ֮
ܿ죬Ծ͸ӦԼ֮УһЩЩӦþǻɫ̺ĴϢ
ݴϢ֮УԷвû̺ݡݴУƺܳ󣬲ĳһ־ķ֮ĴС
ھԾЩֵʱӰٴ˵ˡ
СһݴУ˰˻µıѪ٣ͿԼıˡܳ͸ôʵؽһķԾﵽĴڶһ㲻ѡ
ӰҲǿԵԲԲŽݰ˻µĴ͸ԡ
ԵжҲûݴвһ־ֶΡǣ˻ڽϵѪ˵临ӡ
лǰԶԺɫ޽ϵӰ˹
Ӱڰ֣ʧھԵ֮ڡ
Ҳ
ԵȷʵǳǿܿŪԼõʲô
ѹǰ˵ܽݴг͸ʵǿ
ʱˣ̿ʼ
ں̵ܶʱڣԾҵ˷ʼԽΪɣԼµĹֶΡ
ⲻһ׵顣
ֱӽĦʱȡڴھŲ֮ڣֻһҲȫԼĦʱ¶飬ĦʱȤ
ʹþż񾧣Ħʱʱʮ
ʮʱ£Խȫ񣬶˹һ֮ϡ
ʱȥ꣬Ħʱ֮£Ҳ˾ʮӽһʱ䡣ڣһĳι˳
һռΪ˾ʱͿռϵĸ
һһӰǰ֡һӰ·Ƕӡ֮УǾȴĸ֪̺ܡһȴֲĽӰ
̺ܣһӰܾԳռ֮ࡣ
ģͳˣ
ֻǵһһҪֻȫ뵽СǰĽӰ
Ӧøȡһ֡
ʲôأһֻϢôͽл֮ɣ򣬿ŽӰĿ⣬͸⡣

ֻóľǻԷҲǳţȴӳʼ±۾
ܣȵһŻ棬ʱĸֳ

Сһ
ԣǹǿµݴУȻָ˷򣬵ûоСһȻô̵ʱڣʹһԽΪĹֶΡ
ûˣ
Сһϣһ죬ҲܳΪֻǡΪأվ۷ǿߣջ޷³
ˡҲȥϢˡСһԼ컯Ϲʲô
Դ֮ڵ飬ԴĻ֮ҲԵЩӡ
ʱ䣬Ψһ飬ǳԽ뵽֮ڡ
Ħʱ֮£ʮʱ䣬ɹһ˳Ļ֮Զ˻ԵϢҲǴ
˲ʱ䣬ϤĻ֮Ա㿪ʼռ
һߵüļѡ
Ҳþˣڻ֮ܣѶȾԽ
򣬾ֻʮʱ䡣ȴ˳һʱǿɹֻĿǰֻ֣ʣ֡
ֻҪ뵽֮ڣҪѵʱ䣬ԶԶ
֮󣬾Կʼڻ֮
һΣԺķʮʱ䣬ȴûκεĽչ
ʱ򣬾Ծ͸о֮ųļ󡣵ǣھԵƿ֮£룬ɵĽСȻһЩʱ̶֪뵽֮Уֻһʱ⡣
򣬼ʮȥһչûС
Է򣬳ˮͿľ
ǲУ
һˮͿľͬ޷֮ںϡ˫ü΢ҡҡͷ
ѵΪܣҶûɱ䵽ռԭ𣿡дȡ
˼ǰҲֻ뵽һԭ
û취ʱֻҪȽֻҲɱ䵽ռ


1442 
¥
λǸ뿪ˣ
¥¥Ӣ۾ڸ߷ĸǰޱ˵
Ϊ߷ĸ֧ʮʹ÷ãգʱѾˡ
Ӣˣھ¥֮ڣǿѡ׻æԳӢ۾˵
ھ¥֮УɷӰ۾վھ¥档Ӱ۾֮ǰͳ¥֮⣬һֱž¥λãȻڵȸ߷ĸ뿪¥
߷ĸ˴ʱ뿪¥Ȼֻһ³Ǿ
Уˣ뿪¥ˣʱ䣬ǾҪ߳¥һֽǶȥӢ۾ֱӾܾ˹׻
ӢͲӸ߷ĸˡ
ǾԻţΪ£ԽظǳӢ᲻ϧӰ۾ҲҪˡھȻ˴֮ڣӢȫûɼӸ߷ĸˡ
⼸ѾȺӿ֤ȷʵˡڴ֮ڣմķڲߴڣǲܼߵġ
ǡ׻ü˵
ˣҪ˵˵ٶ࣬ҲǼ¥Ӣ۾Ϲ׻Ļ뿪˾¥
׻˿߷;ѩ̾һ
߷ûʲô仯Ҳû˵κλ
£߷֪ǸӰԲŹԼûηҲ֪Լ๫ԻŵĿԺܵ͡๫ˣŻʲô˼
ԣӰҪɱ¡
ֻǣлŮѩ룬ŮҲӰ۾СƺҲûκΰ취԰Ůѩӹһѡ
߷Ŀ򾰶ѩѩҲĸ׸߷߷ھѩУûпκηѩȻҲ׼
ĸףˣһΪǱɱǸӰѩԸ߷˵
ѩԼĸ׾ԣѾˡã׿϶š
߷¶һĨЦ˵ͷ
λѣǲ̫ࡣֻҪʱ䣬ת׻Ÿ߷˵
ǰ׻ʹѶȥȡֻǣǲСҪǾˣҲһ׵顣
ǱˣĶԲǡ߷Ź׻ЦЦ
߷ѣǧҪô˵׻ҡͷ
ûʲô۲۵ģǱǵжԵĹϵҲҡͷ˵
һʱܿȥӢ۾ٴγ֡
ʱ䵽ˣˣԼ뿪Ҫҳ뿪Ӣ۾ȵ
Լߣ߷˵
䣬ȥ
׻¶һ˿ı飬һţҲ˳ȥĸˣ½뿪¥ڹ㳡֮ϡ

͵ȺʱӰ۾ĸ˳зĿЦ
Ƕ˼꣬ӦúúøлӢǸ̡ڣǵҲ͵ΪֹˣӰ۾쳹㳡֮ϡ
㳡ϴߣ
Ǽˣ뵱Ե۾һ㳡ġԵ۾ɱĳԱ֮˴֮Сĸ뾰Ե۾һߣڽˡ˵
ǰĸˣȻ񾳽磬
Ե۾ţǾûˡϧԵ۾ˡĸˣҲá
ˡǣ˭ܾǣ˭ҾǣʥصֻҲҳ֡
˶Ϊ߷ĸ˽ɣӳӰ۾ħơ
Ӱ۾ȷ๫һ𣿡߷￴Ӱ۾޾⡣
๫ԻţɱǣѵͲ๫𣿡߷ﲻںԼŮѩȥ
߷ĻӰ۾䵽ϣ¶һ˿ڽζЦݡ
๫ԣ
ǹġĪǵ˽죬㻹ΪܻţѾвʮʱ䣬ܻˡ
ңӰΪǱֻҾǡֻ¾ţʱҲǰ¶档Ӱ۾˵
ǻƯѹǾһ۾ȻҪ¡ҵǿԣ졣ɫŮˣҲɶãú棬ֱɱ̫˷ˡӰ۾˵
㡭߷ŭ档
ǺǣӰ۾ѵ֪۸ʲô£ʱһȺд


1443 
񴫳ȺУһӰ첽Խڶ
ȫĿ⣬ʱӰϡˣЩ档
㳡ѵˣԣ
׼Ը߷˶ֵӰ۾üתո߳ߣɱ⡣
ºôĵӣӰ۾һȡ
䣡
Ӱ۾ӰһĻߺɱȥ
䣡Ȼ׼̧ͬĳһơ
飡һ㳡
Ӱ۾ߣ˼ߣȻҲһ۾ε
Ӱ۾ͫһ·΢΢һ£ΪϬ

϶㾹ҵǶ治֪ӽˮˣӰ۾˵
ϳߣʥصĳյ۾
յ۾㳡Ǿݵġڳյ۾֮ǰû˽ϳһ֣Ӱ۾˳
ʥĵжԵĹϵ˫ߣгͻɱǣʥǿжߵġ
յ۾ʥر֧λҲܸߣϾǵ۾棬Գյ۾϶Ҳкܶ˽⣬ĸֶֹΣӰ۾ε߲֪ܲ
˵Ӱ۾ǰ볤յ۾ֹԴʱ˫һ֣Ӱ۾ϳ˳յ۾
յ۾һ£òʱ䣬¶ԭòյ۾ʵҲֻ֪Ҫ֣ݿ϶ͻᱩ¶
ûа취֣׻˾ͻ׻壬ʥر֧ĳԱյ۾㳡Ŀľȳ׻ˡ֪Լ˵ĻᲢ󣬿ҪһԣԼˣӰ۾С
ճϣ
ǳճϣճϣˣ׻壬Ŀųյ۾
׻ʶλǰ߷￴򼤶Ĺ׻塣
ţճʥر֧ĳϣ֮ǰҾԮġֻǡ
ճϣѵһģ⣬һˣǳճϿԼΣա׻˿ԶȺûиʥر֧߳֡
ӰСĴԼͷƾ㣬Ҳɱңյ۾Ӱ۾м˵
գȻˣͱˡ㳡֮ءɱһʥر֧ĵ۾ҲһͰӰ۾Ц˵
ߣյ۾һߡ
յѾȻ㳡ĪҪ⼸ˣһߣ¥֮ڣӢ۾Ҳ첽߳ת
ȻӢ۾ҲԳյ۾֡
յ۾һӰ۾ǻ塣ͬʱӰ۾ͳӢ۾ˣǿ¾ͼֲס̫õʱ䡣ӰͳӢʵ൱ĵ۾
ң㳡мΪǿܴڡӰͳӢˣǵ󷨵ǳվ͸ûʤ㣬߶
նԴˣҲ֪ԼһֱϳͿ׼ʱǵȻúܡ
ôǴԶ𣿡յ۾ӰͳӢλ۾
գӰ۾һ۲ԶĳӢ۾һȣųյ۾˹ȥ
յ۾Ҳȡһɫ߶ޣӰ۾׺ݵɱ
Ӣ۾վʱûж֣һζɱеˣż֡յ۾Ѿ㳡Ͳ̫ܳɹѣȳյ۾Ӱ۾ɱһᣬһ֣ȡһɱ
Ǻ˳ճϡ
ճôһ˹ôһ˾ˣ
ʱ򣬹׻ˣҲȷһʥرֻ֧гճ㳡볤ճһͬǰӦŶԡ
ǺżҲﲻæ
ھŲ㣡
ǰվž޴Ԩк
֮ʱڲԾֹͣ
СһҹȻû㡣˰˻ĴϣҲҶˡӰٶȳڽ֮ϡ
лǰࡣٴγϿҵл
ǰҲһʱ䣬Ҫ뿪ˡֻҲ֪ҪδھŲȥԽ˵
ǰ˲㣬дͷ󣬶ھŲڣȴûҵͷ
ȥˣ̧̧ü˵ԣǺܺõġȫؼ뿪
ھŲռ䣬ڰ˻Ź֮£Եٶȣȷʵǳ١Ƭռڣһþڷϣ°빦Ч


1444 ȴһ
ǣңǾҲڴھŲ
ӡŮԼܳڶڴ˵ء
ǰһЩ黹Ҫȥڻܳҡҡͷ˵
ˣ
ǣԵͷ
Ȼˣھȥֱһӣһռ䷨򲨶١
ת˲䣬ԵӰʧڰ˻ľ޴Ź֮¡
ǰ֮һ䣬ص㳡վڴǰԶ
϶㻹Ҫ翹ʲôʱӦ֪㲻ܻ뿪ܴĸһͬ뿪ҿ㻹־ܰɣӰ۾
˵
ߣҵҪֶܼã˵϶Ҳ޲ɼĪǾãƾһˣܴ㳡ĸȳȥӰ۾Ц
ʱɡ
յ۾ʵ൱Լڳյ۾СңҪԵ㳡󷨵ѹյ۾
Ӱ۾żעⳣӢ۾ĶϣӢ۾Գճ֡Լɱգǹ;һ˵ġ볣Ӣ֣ǹ;͵ƽֵ˵ͷϡӢ۾ֲ֣Ҳܾģû취ֹӢ֡
ţ
뿪ھŲ󣬸Ӧ㳡Ĳ˲ע⵽ɱ֮еˡ
Ӱ۾ĻҲˣɫʱ
ৣ
һǵ˸߷;ѩǰ
߷ѩ֮ǰעҲڳպӰ۾ɱ֮УûԳڴǰԵͻȻ֣˶΢΢һ㶡
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ף
߷;ѩ΢΢һ㶣¶ϲ֮ɫʶĿڡ
û°ɣԹеĿˡ
û£ӰҪɱǣҿʥر֧ϳյ۾֡߷Уȼϣ
ʥصĳϣ΢΢תĿ

㡭û׻ˣҲһ
УΪˡԽѾвʱʱ䣬ڴʷϣûڴôʱ䡣ǵϵڰ˲㣬ÿһϰʮһʱ䣬Ҳһ಻ʱ䡣
ԣȴڴڴ˲ʮʱ䡣
һúúõģôԳЦЦ
λĪǶʥصĳԱʵ
ʵ֮ǰͻʥйϵΪ׻ˣźǿҵĵ⡣ڣʥر֧ĳϵ۾Ҳ㳡Ӧòǵɺϡʥس˹עڱƿصĳУ
ȷʵʥر֧ߣճ֪ǵȡֻǣһ졣׻ݶԾ˵
ģһǰȫ뿪ǡЦЦ
Եѣ
ʱ򣬳Ӣ۾Ц˹
ԵʱҲƬ̡һӢ۾ͬû뵽ԾȻš
ʶԺܿǽ˴ĵھŲ㡣ڴ֮ǰû˽ĵھŲ㡣ԣҲû֪ھŲ
߽ǲܵϵھŲ㣬ֻڴͣʱ䡣ңڴߵʱǲܽеġ
ڵǣڴڣʮʱ䣬ھԳ֮ǰѾй߽˴
ߣĻǽϴԵĺɫ㣬Ҳʧˡ
ôΨһĽ;ǣԳɹĵ˴ھŲ㡣Ӣʶһܿѹе𾪣Ц˹
ӢתĿӢ
ԵѾǷǷ˵һֱΪԵˣ϶䡣ӢΪ˵
𣿡ƤЦⲻЦ
ͬʱӰ۾ͳյ۾Ҳʱֹͣ˽֡˷ֿĿⶼԡ
Ӱ۾Ժɫúѿ϶Ѿ䣬Բ׼Ը߷֡ȴû뵽Իš
鵽һǾԾҲԲˡֻ£ԻǺԼ
ѾǾԵ۾յ۾ԾԴк˵
ǰ׻ȣ˵ľȻҲᵽԣи߷ѩˡԴʱյ۾Ѳ²⵽߾ǹ׻˵ľԵ۾
ǾԣյѺãԳųչ˹֡
ӰͳӢһۣĿж˸һ˿⡣볤ȻֻǼ򵥵Ĵһкб¶̬Ѿ˵ˡ
յѣһġڣҪȴһ¡ת˵


1445 ֮
Ӱ۾תͷٴ¶Цݡ
Ŀ⿴ԡ
ԵѣϲϲӦǵϴھŲռ˰ɣ棬һõ޴ĺôһϲɺص顣Ӱ۾Ц˵
ЦӰ۾
ԵѶڼ£ǵˣһԵǼһˮҿҲ̫ѾɣӰ۾ûԼһ˵
ӰʱΪһѡҪɱӣɱŮɱѣҪҼ㲻ãⷬܿЦ𣿡Цһ
Ӱ۾ɫ΢΢һ䡣
Եŭ
ӰϵΪԲܴΪֻܴԼ룬֪ΪҲһ᲻˵ġԵѷģֻҪԸظ󣬵ظĸһΪԵҪһ˵Ӣ۾Ծ˵
ЦЦӢ
ӢѣһϵҲû𣿡Ŀ
Եѣ£ûκιϵţĵ£ҾûжǶֵ˼Ӣֽ͵
ƺͲˣӢѣҲúŪҡ֪¥ڣǽֹɱġ룬֪ӰҪɱǣǲԼ뿪¥ȡɣ
Ȼ߷û˵ԼΪҪ뿪¥Ҳܲµó
⡭ӢЩεıԵѴˣҲǰ¥Ĺ¡ĸ˵ķھ¥ͣʮꡣʱ䵽ˣȻҪ뿪¥
Ӣ۾ȻЩΣҲӲ
ΪظϣȻҪ£ԣ̬ȣҲ˲ԶԾԿԲʶôûҪˡ
ԵѣǻץʱɱȥΪáʱԽãͶԽǲЩ˺ܿѾͨܲ˵иԱյ۾ѶԣЩ
ܿ죬յѷġֱӿڶԳ˵
ӰͳӢԵĻɫһ֪̾ʥصĳյ۾뾰԰н
ԣȰ㲻ҪƲԳԷơʮǰɱԱҼͬ飬ҲȻȰ㣬ǲҪ˷ʱ䡣ڣֻѡҪôҪôǼ·Լѡһ
Ȼôĵ»ŮԻ⼸ʥصˣȴɣӰ۾Ѿ׼ˡ
ӰҵҪ·Ϣ΢΢һ
䣡
Ȼת
ϼھи֣貣һ֮̿
ҪӰ۾Ӧܿ죬ھԳֵͬʱҲ֪֡ʵǿڽ֮ǰԵʵܾͲԼڴӴ϶ΪǿսضҲǿ
һ֣Ӱ۾ȫԸ
֮Կһͺȡ
һ۵ĽӰɱɫ⣬׵ľͳռݣӰ۾Ϯɱȥ
ʲôӰ۾һ
ʱ֪Լжϴˡ
ԤϵԵǿսӡûϵԵսǿ˳̶ȡĹӴɫӰ֪֮ԼԶڵľԶ֡
ʱ򣬾Եĳ֣Ҳȫ˶Բ۾
кܶ뵽Ե۾Ӵ֪Լĵµ˲㱻ɱᶯŭŭ֮»Ӱ۾˳ͻǣΪԵ۾Ӧûе㳡ֱӶ֡
ڣԵ۾ѾӰ۾ˡ
Զĳյ۾ҲЩȵĿžԡ
ӳӢ۾ڽ䱸Ӣ۾Ӣ۾Ӱ۾֣ôҪֹӢ۾֡ͬʱҲӢ۾Ը߷ĸͻȻ֡
ۣ
ɫĽӰӰ۾Ĺײ󣬾ֱӽӰ۾Ĺ˺ѡɫӰƺûܵκεӰ죬Ծ˵ٶӰ۾նɱȥ
Ӱ۾ھ֮УֱӶһαŷӰ۾ΪϣıֶҲǲٵġֹâŷÿһֶɢ嫵ܲ
䣡ɫĽӰӰ۾ܵĹΣһ졣
˶Ӱ۾ܵĶַķѵĻΪƬңͬʱȻӰ۾ĶֶַΣȫ޷סԵ۾һ۵ĲɫӰ


1446 
֮ռΪɣʱͿռΪ֦ɣںռ׺ռ
һܣһ۾ܵסģ𾳽ߣҪס֮Ҳһɵ顣
Ӱ۾ڲִ֮䣬߷ļֶַΣڻ֮ǰȷʵֽҲûʲô
Ӱ۾оϢһϢѹȵ޷Ϣ
۾һƬ죬·ҪѪзĵŭֻдžŵ
ǣ㳡֮ϣûܹ½ӻ֮ɱ֮¾ȳ
Ӱ۾ĺδ£ɫĽӰͶ֮Ӱ۾Ϣɢת˲ɥ֮ܣӰ۾Ҳһͬɱɾ𣬳
Ӱ۾֮ս˶û뵽ġ
ǳӢ۾ʥصĳ۾ǹ׻ˣǸ߷;ѩҲ벻Ӱ۾Եһס
߷;ѩȻ֪ԵʵǿҲ˵ԼʵǶĵ۾Ӱ۾ڵ۾ҲΪǿġһ۾ôһɱӰ۾ߣ
ԶΧ۵ߣĿɿڴŵڵϵӰ۾ʬ塣
ǵ˼άһ̶ȫסˡ
ĵ۾նɱˣ
찡
ⶼ꣬ûĵ۾ɱˣʥأɱ۾
磬ҲһЩɢĻ𣬵ЩҲĵ۾֡ǣı
һɱӰ۾֮Ŀ⿴˳Ӣ۾
Ӣ۾ʱŷӦӰһֱӾͻص¥֮ڡ
ڸղţҲҪҪ֣ҴҪˡǣδӰ۾Ƥӵ£еʧˡ
ԿʱһĶɤӦ󣬱̻ص¥
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ԣ㴳ˣɱӰ۾˭ҲȲ㡣ڣҲǲˡӢ۾¥ڣžԺ
ͬʱ㳡ܡת֮£㳡ӴܣȻ٣ѹԡ
֮󣬳Ӣ۾óѶʯظѶ£ҲӰ۾ɱ˷
Ӣ۾֪㳡Ȼǿ󣬵ҪɱҲ̫ܡԣ֪ͨõظǰԸԡԼû취ˡ
¥ڵĳӢ۾ЦЦ
ûгȥԳӢ֣Ӣ¥ڣҪɱˣͲһܽˡ¥Ҳǿ󷨼ӹ̵ġҪƿ¥󷨣ҲҪһʱġ
Ӣɵӣ϶̴Ѷĸ߲ȡԣԵ˲ﶺ̫õʱ䡣
Ըо˷пֲܲҪѹԼ
ת͵ȶһס
󣬾Կ߷ˡ
ǲҪֵҵҽתƵƶռڡԶŸ߷˵һ䣬һһܰס߷ĸˣֱӽתƵǬС֮ڡ
յѣҪƿ㳡󷨣ңһȥԶԳյ۾˵
ãæ˵
֪ԵʵԼ̫࣬ȻԾԵ۾ΪֻҪɡܲƿ㳡󷨣Ҫԣǿա
ֲֳϼϿնһһɫ뵶Ͽռٷȥ
ۡ

㳡󷨣ڶ༫ǿʦɣȷʵǿʩչĲɫ⣬ܿܵ˼ǿȻƿâǱ߽ɢ
ԶԴ׼һʩչ󣬵ڶžʹ߶
䣡
ڶ֮ǽ㳡˺һӡ
ԵӰΪһ⣬˺Ŀӳ˳ȥյ۾һֱžԷУͬǳ㳡󷨵İΧ
¡¡
ھƿ㳡֮㳡žһζ棬ѿһ޴Ŀӣ㳡ܵĽҡеӲһ㡣
˼ʱ䣬㳡ȶֻǣȶ㳡ѾһƬǽ塣㳡ߣĿǺȻ֮ɫ
̫ǿˣ
ǾԵ۾ʵ̫ǿˣ
ӦٳƾԵ۾ǾԳƾʵεǿߡһɱӰ۾ֻһ


1447 
磬İ
磬εͬվĶˣǸĴڡ
ǿҲʲζѡȻʢ򱦵˾ֻһ֮ǣʾʣվ
𣬲۷δڡ
㳡ϣĿע֮£Ժͳյ۾뿪
¥ڵĳӢ۾ֻţ㳡󶼱ƿһ۾εסȥֻһͻᱻɱˣӰ۾ǰ֮
Դųյ۾ƿ󷨷϶ɳ
յѣﲻ˵֮أ뿪˵Է֮жԳյ۾˵
סյ۾ͷ
Ҳûзţֱӱƿе󷨣ųԶݶȥǵػ࣬һر˴˺Ӧ㳡ɱȡǣǵûǿ߲ٿأԾûкķѶٹ
ǵػ󷨣е۾ٿأǾҪƿЩ󣬿ܾͲôˡ
ھԺͳյ۾뿪Ǻ󲻾ãظ͵㳡һΣûκεĵ飬ֱӾͨܲĴ󣬴ڲδڲͨҲֻʸʹá
ٶȵִ㳡һԺͳյ۾뿪һᡣ
ˣ
Ӣ۾֣Ŵ¥ǰ
ô£ɫڣɨһӰ۾ʬ壬ʵ
Ǿԣûڴ֮ڣʮʱ䣬һֱڴڲ룬ܿǽ˴ĵھŲ㡣Ӣսս˵
ܣĵھŲ㣬˶ûܳɹȥǸԣܵɽھŲ㣿۾һɣʶķ
ֻǣƺΨһĽ͡ûеϴھŲ㣬ڴͣʮʱ䣿
Ǹһ۾ôɱӰӢôģӰȴȻѵӰսǾɱ趯棿ߡ
Ӱ۾Ȼϣǵظǣô˵ӰҲĳԱһ۾ɱһӰ켫顣

󣬵˱ضŭ
ˡӢҲһı
ˣҲû취ȷʵӰֵģǾԣֻһɱӰϣҶûӦھǻ˶ɱӰ֪֮ԼҲ֣̼㳡󷨡ǣǻʵ̫ǿˣƿӳȥˡӢ˵
˼˵ʲôǵʵ̫ǿΪ
ɨ˳Ӣۡ
һɱӰ
˼˵ԣϢҲ΢΢һ
ˣǾԱضΡֻǵ۾ΣһɱӰǵ۾Ƕĵ۾Ҳ޷㵽֮ǰƿҲٿص㳡󷨡ӢŭһЩҲ΢˿

Ƭ̲˵ά㳡Ҫص֪ܲ
˵ţȥ
۾ɱһ£бҪ򱦵ˡңǾҪҵ˶Դ˶ָҲ׵飬ҲҪǼһ²ܾж

ಣ
⣬Ʋ֮ϷС
⣬ǴǳľԺͳյ۾
뿪֮󣬾Ǵųյ۾һ˲ƣȻַ˼ʱʱǾѾңԶǿߣҪ׷ǣͲôˡ
ৣ
һ߷ĸˣǬСת˳
ʱȫˡЦЦ˵
Ѿ뿪ˣ׻˿ܣѾ֮ڣʶ˵
ţƿ㳡󷨻ǵ󷨣ǳˡյ۾ͷ˵
ԡ𣿡׻壬Ӷ
ڽ֮ǰȷʵǵ۾ΣûдﵽΡڴڣҵõһЩԵܹΡ˵һ䡣
ֶԸ߷;ѩ˵ѩû°ɣ
û¡߷;ѩͬʱӦ˵
ڴ̫õʱ䣬ǵˡǸ˵
ף˵ߣҲһʱͻ棬ʮ꣬Ƕ˵ѾˡѩĿдת


1448 ݼʥ
ḧŮѩա
ûˣޡҵŮӦúܼǿǲģ΢Ц˵
ѩصͷŬˮۿ
ʲôأ㳡ɱӰ۾ֻʱѾ㷢ͨˡȻ󣬵ʵ̫ˣǵˡȻʵǿ󣬿Ҳδ޷⡣յ۾˵
յ۾ⷬҲĿĵġεǿߣʥҲǶġգȻþԼʥء
ңʥȻѣɵ̻ڡҲʥؿսǼʥأʱڿ϶ҲûлԸ
ԣȻҲ˳յ۾˼
ЦЦųյ۾˵յкν飿
ʱûоȡβʥһʱ䣿ʥأİȫݡ˵
ҲûֱӾ뾰ԼʥأΪԾԲ˽⣬Ե뷨ðȻ龰ʥأܻԷС
֮ǰҾ֪ʥˡ˵ȷʵҲȥʥؿһ
յѣ֪ʶһ
ǳھԵϷ
ʥصʥơ˵һƳö
ʥصҪȫۼ
յ۾֮ӶȻһ඼ݺݳ鴤һ¡һۣϳ
յ۾ЩĿԡ
ô
ԴʥһʥʧٺڶʱҲûֹ
ͻȻ俴յ۾ôܲԾ
Ǵʲôطõյ۾ѹеĳԾѯʡ
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ǵͶȻҲ˵δԣǳճϵ仰ǻ֪еĺɫʥصʥ
֮أöǴõġ˵
֮أ⡭֮أ֮𣿡ռĿžԡ
ţڳ֮أҼŹǡʹӡ͸ҵġԵ˵ͷ
աݼʥˣڶݵʧ֮ͻȻžԹȥгƾΪʥ
յҲȷˣֻǲûаٷְȷ֮֮ء
׻˼ճ¹򣬱Ҳ̸Źȥ
üųա
յѣǣԽ磬֪ʥصȻҲİʥأȷʵûԼҪΪʥصʥ
ʥˣյ۾ûڵϵͷ˵ǰʥʥʧ٣Ӵ֮ʥķѣһ겻ã򱦵˻ǵʥˡ
Դ뿪֮ʥرֻһööҲʥһͬʧڻ硣֣ҲʥסֳȻʥʥҲ֮⣬Υ档յ۾˵
ԳƬ˵գ
Խյ۾Ҳù׻
գ֮ҲʥءʥʱȲҪˡڣһͬǰʥؿһգӦʥر֧ĳϰɣԻ˵
ǣ
ʥأڷѳ֧б֧ж֧Уͱ֧ʵϱ֧ʵȱ֧ǿ١ԣľǣϱ֧Ͳ֧ĵǲҲ֮֡յ۾˵
ȷʵЩӣԵͷ˵գ֪Ϊα֧ʵ£Ӧñ֧ǿ𣿡
̾һ
ʥ֪ʵӺܾǰʥأʥ֮£ѾΪˡʥڣšһŷչҲìܣͻʥڣҲûдķ磬ٱˡ
ʥʧˣ֧Ͷ˼ǣõʥ֮λáʱǾѾϱ֧쵼ˡۿҪңұ֧һλʾ̫ϳϣǰѰʥ䡣ǣλ̫ϳϣҲûл
֧ûʥˣû̫ϳϡֱӵ±֧ʱһǧɡʱ֧Ҳûϴѹ֧һδҡ֧һǿߣҲǳսձߵĶԾԽʥص


1449 ɽ
ʥر֧ԭ֧ΪǿġʥҲǱ֧ĳԱ
ʥʧٺʥرֽ֧⵽شԽԽձ֧׵Ĳ˽¡
Ůڵʱ򣬾ʹŮ˵һЩʥصǣڴӳյ۾еõϢȻΪϸ
ʥر֧ڣùӲдݶΪжϱ֧ѹѹŮ˵ʥرֻ֧Ǽֲ˶ʱͻ᳹ɢˡ
ˣǾʥʥͳ˧Խֻ֧Ҫ֧ܹЭҲѹǡʥزͳյ۾˫ĿƵžԡ
Եĳ֣ϣҲֱʥشϣ
ʥȲż˵룬ͬⵣʥصʥ֧ҲĸԸĽܡգҴȥʥر֧ٿǽ顣˵
Ҳҽ˵
Ȼջ֮Ѿǿߡǣĵǽӽʾ硣ԣûκΰԼܴʥ⡣
˵ʥرҲϡԼҪ֧ҲԲһ׵顣
ڿԼҲֻһһʱܸյ۾κŵ
һˣһ鱦ɴɽȥ
ɽʥر֧ڣҲǰʥʥܾ֮ء
Եˣûʹô
Ӱʵ̫ˣһЩƫƧСǣߡ
㳡ɱӰ۾ԲưոݡڣܿѾԾԣͨԵʹô󣬾ͿܱһЩ˶ϣӶ¶١
ڴˣԵ˱Ǿһ·鱦ɴǰɽȻٶҪʹôܶܶ࣬ʤڱȽϰȫ¶ķձʹôҪ͵öࡣ
ɴһʱ󣬱ɽƿصĵΧڡԾͰȫˡ٣Ӱʱܴģ͸Ƭ֮С
һʱ߷;ѩҲȺﵽ˾Ρ㳡˸ķ£˵ܴ
ϣо׼ĸԴ߷;ѩѡڣֻҪú׼Ȼ㹻ԳͻƵ񾳽硣
оڣͻⲻ󡣶߷;ѩΪ֮󣬱ʹһЩȽǿ浤ԴˣȫڶʱڳΪ߼αƽ
ȻҪϣͲ̫ˡǾԣҲ޷ṩ̫İҪ߷;ѩԼ컯
֮鱦ɴǽӽɽ
Ժͳյˣվڷɴļװϡ
ˣǰɽҲǱ֧ڡϱ֧Ǳ֧Ҳɽˡյ۾Ծָָǰһɽ󣬻˵
طܺð棬ԾĺõطԸһЩռڵͷ֮
ǰɾͲԶˡʥڵʱɽǲʥءĺܶһܲɽˡյ۾Ц˵
šĵͷ
뿪ɴԽɴ֮󣬴ɽȥ
ɽػȻǷǳǿһ󷨵ܣɽڡһЩҪĵط󷨸Ϊǿ
ķҲǶʱܹƿġ
ɽȻǰԻˣȷʵһЩ̡
ν֮ûоԵĳ֣ɽʥر֧ӦҲֺܼܳʱ䲻ɢ
յ۾žԸոսɽʱӰٷ
ճϣ
׻ʦ壡ʦ壡
Ǽ񾳽ߣӦѲɽ˽ǳճϵˣ̼
׻壬ȻֻͨϾҲǿߡɽǿҲ߲֮С
յ۾Ǽڰ֣ʾǿ뿪ˡ
⼸񾳽ĵӣĿҲ˿ԵİˣЩ档ճûжǽܣҲѯʡź棬ǿ뿪
յ۾֮ûǽܾԣΪǵĵλߡ
ˣȥʥȻ֪֧ͨλϣǹ㡣յ۾ԾЦЦ˵


1450 
ʥڲռ䲢Ϊڵ
ڵʥס֮ʥظ߲Ա¡
ʥصĳϵȵɽ幬ס
ճϣ뿪ˡ׻Գյ۾˵
յ۾ҪټʥλϹˡͨûʸֳ֮еġ
ǶʶԴˣԲ뿪ˡյ۾ЦЦ˵
˷ܵͷ
յ۾ֿԣ˵ˣԵƬ̣ӡ
ӣʥ֮⡣
ʥһ£Ҫټλǰʥ£ֻҪӼɡһȽĺ鱦һ죬ɽκһ䶼
뾰˵һ󣬳յ۾ߵʥ⡣
ˣ
ӣ
ɽӿɽڶߣһ
ӵ
ӱˣô£ѵɽַʲô𣿡
϶鷢ȥ̽һ¡
вɽϵߣ׷ǰʥҪ֪Ϊα졣
ɽһ㲢ᱻ졣ÿһα죬мҪ鷢߼¡
ˣ
һߣ²ӱԭʱ򡣵ڶƳ֮
ţǵ
ܶ˵ɫˡ
ΣҲкܴġԽ࣬ôʹԽҪʹǷǳҪˡ
˵ɽĳ䣬ôӾͻΡ
죬ܶɽߣɫѿɣǲɽĳˡ
ˣ
ǣ½ĵɽ
죡ӣ졣
ߵҲǹϣһǱһΣӾ졣죬Ҳŷ飬ԹغɽĴ¼
ɽߣס˺Ŀ¶Ȼ֮ɫ
ɽĳǣһҲɫأٶʥȥ
½ݳϣ֪˭ӣһߣһг½ݵĵ۾ѯʵ
֪ߴΣض顣ѵҪɽˣ½ݳҡҡͷ˵
ӦòǡҪǣǲһϢûõ˵򱦵ҲɵӣӦ֪ǿйɽܲҲضʧء۳ҡҡͷ˵
ţպӳ˵еңַɽʥ֧ӦҲϴ޶ˡӦ֪ɽƣ֧ԺҲܣݺ½ݳϵͷ˵
½ݳ˵һΣǱߵһΡһΣʥ֧δɽԮ֡
ǣ빥ɽʾǲһġĹɽʥ֧ҲԼƨл
һϣ½ʥ֮ǰ
ճϣվλϵĵ
ճϣӵ𣿡
ʲô飿
ճϣʲô飬ȻߴΡ
ĳϣճվ֮£׷׶ԳճϽѯʡ
λϣ԰꣬ȴҶˣȻǡճһӡ
գȻӣ
ǣߴΣɽǶһûһĽͣҺԴɲԴϹ˳һ۵
˻𼱻ǵΪ˴¡ڼճϵı鲢ǺѿЦó˶ҲһЩ֪Ӧòǹغɽ顣ҪȻճϲܻ˵Ȼ
ֵһᣬɽг϶롣
һ׷ߣҲ֮ЩϣģŰ׷߹
׷ߣڣɽΨһǿߣҲɽһλ̫ϳϡ
λ̫ϳϣλ̫ϳϣҲɽĹǡ
̫ϳϴˣյȳϣ׷׶̫ϳϼ
ɽĳϣжʮ˵ӡУ۾һֻвʮˡʣģǶ
̫ϳϣ˰˰֣򳤿ճϡ
գߴΣǺ£̫ϳϿųճϣʵ
̫ϳϵĻɽһλǳĿˡճϹ˵
ˣ
ʲôĿˣڳü


1451 
ճ˵Լ֮ӣֻΪɽһλˣܶ೤϶ʱϸֳõɫ
죬Ϊ飬û뵽ֻΪһλˡ£һҲ㹻ˣճϾȻ졣
̫ϳǿ򳤿յ񣬶΢΢Щá
ֻ֪һλˣȫԹݷǳҲôż
ճϣ˵Ŀ˭ںδһƢȽϻ𱬵ĵ۾γϣԳճ˵
ҵҪݾж󡣡
գ𵢸ˣп˳ɣ˷׷׳ԡ
̫ϳϣλϣȲҪż˵λˣݼ󣬴ʱʥ֮ڵŴҽȥҪ˵һλˣҿǧҪκӣҪκβ
ʵ˵ǿҲЩ׼ȷλˣܿͽΪɽһԱճתĿ˵
ǰһ仰ܶ೤϶ЩΪȻǣպһ仰󣬺ܶ˶һŷӦ
ˣ
ôܣɽǰ
ңճϻ˵λ˿ܼɽ⣬͸Ӳˡ磬ǿҲôһЩҲиԵ׼ɽѾûʥر֧
˶Щ˼顣
̫ϳϻλϣ룡˵һ䡣
֮Ե𾳽ҲΪ֮ɲϣһЩԸȽֱĳϼ˺Ͳмһˡþвʹ죬˼һ˦ˣɽɾĴʧһδûˡ
ʮˣ½Ľʥ֮ڡ
ԣи߷;ѩЩɽĸ߲Ҳվ΢Цӭ
ʮɽĳϣúɵˡ
һ޷ľ磬ȴ׾ٵľͿ߷;ѩֻ񾳽磬߶ǡ
ԣճûдĻɫۿȥߣӦþǳճ˵𾳽ǿˡ
˵񣬶¶ٵĹŹ֮ɫ
Կȥʵ̫ˣбȽǿĳϣܿжϳԵҲӦòһꡣ
һǿߣ
ʲôЦճϣǸ˰ɣ
Դˣȸһɽĳϡλɽ̫ϳҲǿߡλǵ۾Դϡλǵ۾ճϣϹϾĽڳɽϣȫԾԽһ顣
λϺãЦŶ˹˹֡
ѣɽ֮ǰͶų㡣յüǱңԿ̫ϳϣάһ䡣
ɽ̫ϳϣԾԶ̬ȻҪһЩ
ԵˣഹӣȲþԵѡȻԣ˵
ͣȷʵܴˡҲʥصˡڵʱʥصһԱʥأ˵ҳϵˣܹʥعˡ
̫ϳûӾԵ˼ȻԿᡣǣھԵϣܹӦΣյζ
ʵоΣյҲࡣ
ʱȻͬԵľ磬оãоԵˣӦǿߡճϣӦû˵
һλɽɿɽʵ
Եѣ㲻ԭסɣ۾½ݳϣžԣ˵ճϷŶ˵Եǿߡ磬εߣӦöʶ˵ǣԵѵ֣Ǻİ
㳡ɱӰϣ£Ȼδɽߡ
һϢҲķȻѱ֤Ϣȫ©ǴٶȾԾ˺ܶࡣ
ϱɱ㳡ĵ̱ɱһ衣ҪϢҲķӦ
ȷʵԭס཮򡣡ԵͷҲų½ݳϻӦһ䡣
ѹû˵Եѵˡһλ۾γϽӿ˵
ճϣԵһͬɽǣôʶأ˿򳤿ʵ
ʵǹ׻ˣʶľԴˡǣǣһμԴˡĿ΢΢ת
㳡ˣҪԹ׻֣׻ѶȡҸ˹ȥŵʶԴˡռ˵


1452 Ϣȷ
׻򳤿£ղδɽ
պǵΣգҲ֪Լһǰǣȥ޻صġǣڿǺ󣬻ûж˵¡ΪһͬǰǾԮ׻ˣǿֻøɽĳС
ճһΪˣµĹ׻֮ǣ޷Ӳ֪ǰǼɣ޷ˡ
ҪͲԸ⿴ˡɽ۾ǰǣضעʱֱܿӳǿ߽ѹɽʧˡ
ɽ̫ϳҲ𣬿̫ϳɽĶ룬׾Բ뿪ɽյءһ̫ϳꪣΪʥر֧ɽɾ޷֮ˡ
ʱճԣڳĳ϶һ
գȥǣһˣȥǣ
ճϣҲ̫ˡѾȫƿأΪԵʣǸӣǰյأϣ˵
׻վӣΣգҲҪԡռᶨ
һΣȻľ
׻ˣճϵĻжӯ
Ҳ˿ճϣ£ҲλճϵƷǼΪѵá
գܻŷɽĪ뾰Եйأ̫ϳϿ˿գֿ˿ԣʵ
ǣ
ǾԴˣҿ϶ǻزˡ㳡ϣӰ۾Ӣ۾ĳ򡣶ң㳡ܺƵĴ֡ҵ˵Ź׻뿪ˣԼҲȥ޻ءջ˵š
ҿԴ˳֣һɱӰ۾ǳӢ۾Ʋ̶뵽󷨷¥֮ڡ󣬾Դ˴һȺˣƿ㳡ǵػ󷨣뿪ǡ˵
ʲô
⡭⡭
һɱӰ۾
Ӱ۾ֹʵǿڵ۾УȻ⣬ҲϵȲΡˣϣλǺܸߵġ
Ӱǻ쵰𣿡
ڳڶ೤ϣɫ䣬з׷׳˶¶ŵɫ
ЩˣвٶӰ۾Ӣ۾ֱӽӴʵкܶ˽⡣ΪˣӰ۾ôˣǱһͻɱ
ģôԵʵֲ̫ˡֻǣ̫ϳˡ
һ΢Цһֱûг˵
պӳϣӰûڴµϢ𣿡һλ̫ϳϣպӳʵ
պӳϣɽǸ鱨ϵ顣
ȷʵûеõϢҲӰ߲㳡ɱ϶ᾡϢڣҾͲ֤һ¡պӳ˵
ţȡԼĴѶʯһЩɽ̽´ָ
ʵϣʱȻڳĳϣô²˼顣ǣҲ°˳ġΪӰĵط㳡ǻ̵ƫƧҰ㳡ʱ̶д϶ۿӰɱ
ԾϢҲȫסʱ㳡ȫɱϢȻǲܵ顣
Ϊ²ȷϣҲŻ־ġ
Եѣ̫ϳžԹ˹֡
ϵϣ¶֮ɫ
˵཮ǿߣ磬Ӧûмκ
磬ȻΪǿƣɱĵ۾γϣӦǲôԵѿɷԸ⿼Ǽʥأ̫ϳֱӾ뾰Լʥˡ
ǿߣɽǿɽʵȵʱʥ֧ҲͲԵ̫ˡ
̫ϳϻû˵ʱڳĶʮϣĿ㶼˾ԣ֮мڴ
ɽڵ״ʵ̫ҪѪҺˡǾԼ룬ǾΪѾ˥Ϣɽµɽ̫ϳ֧ţ̫̫ˡ
˵ǶǶ֧Ҫơ
ţʱպӳٴȡѶʯ
ɽָ̽̽Ӱ۾ǷӦϢˡ


1453 ʥ
ˣȫĿ⿴պӳϡ
պӳϣûгɡӦѶʯһѶϢ֮Ȼ׼Ȼɫ䣬ʶס
һ£ſ˵Ӱ۾ˣ㳡һɱ
պӳϻ֮󣬴ڱ÷ǳž
ʵĳǣҲ֪ճϲƭǣֻǸʼվţϾӰ۾ɱϢЩ档պӳҲȷϢ֮еǾȫûˡ
λųճϣһͬɽľԴˣǿߡ
˵Ŀ⣬
ԵѣԸʥأôΪȫԳΪɽ쵼ߡ̫ϳٴοڡ
һȸղ뾰Լ뻹Ҫеö࣬˵Կ쵼ɽʥصı֧
뾰ˣɽһγϸ
ԴǼɽҲԸӾԴ˵־۾Դϣ¡¡𶯵ô죬Ŀžԡ
ڳģϣԸⱻ쵼
Ȼɽ̫ϳҲǿߣ̫ϳϱϾ̫ˡΪɽϲƣ̫ϳϻ϶뿪ɽˡ֮ǰǱһΣ̫ϳ϶һֱɽ
ɽʥر֧̣ʧɽ˱ʣʥر֧ͳˡ
Կˡ
ʵϣɽ֮ǰԾͶٿǹ¡
ڳ֮أõôĶ飬ڣܿʥؽ˥һ֮
ԣԵıϣҲ˾
Ȼɽ˲ҪҲǿֱܻ뿪Ÿ߷;ѩ뿪緵཮
ԴˣͲҪԥˡǿߣʥעʥһʥճ˵úˡ
仰ڳɽϣˡ

ʲô
Ǳʥ˴һͬʧڻ
ڣʥ֧Ҳ䵽ز
̫ϳϣȻĿ˿գתĿԡʲô˼ѵλɣ
һƲ鿴Եʱ򣬾һʱ֡
ڵĳϣ඼ۼԣǴʱóһۣȷʥصʥƵ
ҲʥȨκ˶¡
öڳ֮صõҲ֪ʶʶ˺;Żλʹӡ͸ҡʥصԭҪҲ˺;ŻСԿŴ˵
ˣŻã
ɽǣֲİ֪˺;Żãʹӣ
ݼʥˣ
ʥ

һʱ䣬ڣһƬΰݵеĳϣ̫ϳ֮⣬ȫڵϡҲ
ʸˣһʥɽʱ򣬼ҲǿͿġԣûйݣġɳ̫ϳ֮⣬ĳϣǵ۾ǶȫǹݣޱȵĹ
һʥѾʧڶʱ䣬Ҷ֪һʥܻˡڣ˴ɽǴһҪ
̾ԶΪԾεʥˡ
ԵʵǻлһЩ˼ɾǿߣɽϣ֮ǿǻʲôأ
ʥˣѾˣҪܾյ۾˵
ʥʥصٹ⣡ڳ
һ̣ԵУҲһ˿𺳡
ɽȻѾưܣЩɽˣûзɽ
ԵĿ⣬ÿ˵ɨ
ͷ
ã
ȻǶΣұ㲻ǵΡڿʼұʥصʥԵͷ˵
ݼʥˣٴݼһαȷҪöࡣ
ÿˣǣɽϣˣʥϣˡ
Զ˵ͷ˵Ҷǻкú̸̸ʥص״Ҫ⣬ɽһԶԶ
ھԻº󣬶ʮϣŶٴվԡ
ʥˣ
ʥص˵⡣ʥȻʥǣ֧ĲˣδػԸʥݡ̫ϳü˵


1454 ͼ֮
ԣʥص״
㾰ʥ֧ҲδػϾԵʥλߣϳϣﲢӾԵָΥ˵ġ
ţҪӳ飡Եͷ
ʥˣβø߷ʥĸͶѩʥŮڵϢճ˵
߷;ѩҲûʲô˼ʵ̫ͣҲ޷뵽̶ֳȵĶԻ֮С絽ʥڵΪ
ʥڵʥס֮أЧ˵ҡ
Կ˿߷ˣ߷Ҳͷȷʵоûʲô˼ץʱȡճΪߡ
ǾȥڵɣЦŶԸ߷;ѩ˵
ã
λϣҺͶѩȸˡ߷ڳɽڶ೤΢Ц˵
ʥĸԱ㣡ʥŮԱ㣡˶ܿ˵
Ȼ߷;ѩʵܵ΢ʥԵ׾졣ݣɽκγԱҶκεԽ
պӳϣʥϸ˵˵ɣ̫ϳϿպӳ˵
պӳϣɽ鱨ϵĹ˵κ˶ʡ
ǣպӳӦ
պӳϣǶԾ˵ʥر֧Ҳɽ֧Сԭһ㣬֮ǰճҲԾ˵
֧ʥڶǰʧ٣ȻΨһǿȥѰʥҲûй
һ֮У֧һλ̫ϳϲսҲ£ɽֻʣһλ𾳽̫ϳҲ
ʥˣɽĿǰήѾǳءǰǵʱУǶʧȥ˵ɽӰѾԽԽСˡһЩƫԶطܺܶ߶֪ɽˡ
Ĳ˵ʥ֧ҲȫǿˡǱ֧ɽ֧ɽ֮ĳͻҲࡣ⼸ǧɽͱ֧ɽѾСģÿ˫һЩˣɽʧ󡣡պӳϳ档
֧ɽԽԽˣУûɽˡһλϷŭ˵
ܶ˶ͷ
ǰ֧ɽѾɽУ˲Դңҵơʥ֮ǰҲûκΰ취ֹǣֻܹӲдӳ̾Ϣһ˵
ӳϣ֧ʵΣתĿʵ
֧ɽڵʵɽǿһء˵ⱱ֧ɽӵ𾳽ǿߡ۾γҲʮɽһ֧뱱֧Ҳࡣ
棬һȽڣǶ֧ɽ֧ɽʲ̫ϳϡ֧λʲ̫ϳϣŴѹ֧ɽڶ֧Ա֧жλ̫ϳһŲ롣
֧λ̫ϳϣҲʥ֧֮Уеǿߡʥ֮Իмλ̫ϳϣҲΪֱӵĹϵ

պӳϵ˵Ҳ˽ʥ֧
ڶ֧ɽ֮Уˣϣѹɽ֧к߲ܶҲϣɽ
ϾɽȻʥصɽױˣʥҲĳΪʷˡ
ȻˣɽٵΣȻ޴÷ƮҡЦݣҲΪ
λǿʲô뷨˵
պӳϽŽ֮󣬾Կڳˣʵ
ҪʥأǼõģҪ
򱦵ˣǽӽǿߣ¸£һ۾ǿߣܶ١Ҫ⵹һһϦġ
ʥҾãҪģסԼš֧ɽʳɽ̫ϳ˵
̫ϳԼǣӦסţȻͼ֮
ţУ֧ɽڣҲвȡʥʥ룬֧У϶вԸʥΪǣ԰Щ˽Ӵ֮ӰܽһЩ£ɽǾͺˡ
˷׷׷ԣԼĿ
Щһֱ΢Ц
λԣе˵ЩˣҪӿŲϢȥǣ֡Ҫ֧ɽʲôӦԾƶȾ䡣Ц˵
ʥˣ᲻һЩϲǰ׼ˣŪֶΣճתĿ


1455 ˮ֮Դ
ҲûеնԾԵԤ㡣
ԿɲǿڵϣżΪǿʵڵϣЩԴûиȻδﵽʥʦΣԴǬлõĴ󵤷ܹƳڶΪҪĵҩ
ϣСӵԴʥʦҲû̫Ĳˡ
򱦵֮ôʱڣۼǿ£ǵĵ
ճϲصģһҴʥ֧ɽϢھͿɴȥг
ãʥ˵ķԸ˵
Ժұ㽫ϢȥպӳҲͷ˵
û飬ȾҶɢ˰ɣԵ
½ȥ
Ƭ֮󣬴֮Уֻʣ¾Ժ̫ϳˡ
̫ϳл˵𣿡Կ
ûһ뿪Ȼǻ顣
ͷҲû飬ʥȥ쿴
죿üͷһ¡
ԣ죬ʥصĸأһֱֻʥܽκˣûнʸ񡣡˵
ʥһĶ
ֻʥʸĸأĪǣⳡ
Щ棬ҲûѯʣϾܽһ
֮£Ժܿһ״ɽ֮ۡһڶ󷨸ǵĶڡ
̫ϳϸ߾ԣڽȥ󣬾졣죬ҲԿٳĸءһֱֻʥصʥܽ
̫ϳϣȽȥԶ˵
ʥԱ㣬Ҳȸˡ£ʱҡ΢΢ͷ
죡
Уһ룬ǸоŨСЩ̹ͨ·ȫÿһë׶֮ſ
ʱҲĶȻһ
ʲô
ǡбԴԿλãһɫԲ
ɫͷ򲨶һ棬ֱ뾰ԼĻԱԴһģһԾһӾϳӦˮԱԴбԴһ֡
ԵĻԱԴھԵϣΪṩ˷ǳ޴İһֱԴδڶԴҲȫû˵ʲô˵бԴû뵽ʥصı֧ɽһбԴ
ӦˮԵбԴ
Ե񣬶΢΢һ̫˽⣬бԴܹԴʲô
бԴʮ֮һ棬Ҳı཮һ֮ڣҲֻһбԴֱǽľˮԵıԴ
ĿȵĿ֮еɫˮԱԴ
æȡĦʱֱӾ
ԵˮǽӽռΣǿˮԱԴĸĦʱʮʱ٣ò˶ãˮܴﵽռ
Բ²ⲻĻˮﵽռô뵽֮Сʱ򣬻ܱ֮ضٴδȵ
ھԽչͬʱʥصĶϱ֧ɽȫõһϢϢ
ʥصʥ֣Ȼһ𾪵Ϣ
ɽı֧ɽ
֧ɽɽһգڳϣټ´֮С
ɽǱ飬Ƕ˵˰ɣɽĿһɨˣ֮УĹâ
˶ɫӵĵͷ
˵ǸоԵģʲôôõɽҧҧ
ֱӽоԵ֣Ͳƺʥɴ˿ɼȫûгھԵ˼㾰
ɽˣ궼ûгֹͻȻ֣᲻ɽļϢһ۾ϳ˵
̫ܣʥزܲŪһٵһƵĻʵûκ塣ֻǵõ裡һ۾ҡͷ
ţҲãӦġֻǣ֪ǾǴӺεõġ
˷׷׿ڡ
ϣΪɽġ
Щ޴Ķ
ȻǾΪʥһˣʥأôһͻȻðˣʥɽЦһƲƲ죬ɽΪʥԵ֮Աǡмһˡ
ɽҲûа취ˣƳһʥ϶»֧ɽ쵼λò˵̫ˡһҲЦ˵


1456 ֧
ɽȺ߲㣬뷨ƵĲ˶ΪɽļƲߡ
ǸҲ֪Ǵðһöɽ˳ƽƳʥҪ֧ɽҲǺܺĽ͡
ɽˣɽƺܻԾǱ֧ɽĽ紦ԵߣӵǴˣһɫߣЦһ˵
֧ɽɽСͻ࣬ƽʱҲʱĦԴӾԳΪɽʥ֮ɽȷʵǿ˺ܶࡣ
ǰ֧ɽ۸ɽĵӣɽһ㶼Ϣˡڣɽĵ˺ܶࡣ֧ɽƣɽҲӭͷʹ
º׳ʲô뷨𣿡ɽʵ
ߣǱ֧ɽĳϣһ۾Ƣ𱬣ǼᶨӥɳԱɽֱǴһӣȫ֧
ɽˣҿһˡҵҪɽº׳ϺٺһЦ˵
˼ǣǰ紦ֽѵɽĵӣɽʲôӦҲԽ̽ɽʵ
ɽûзӦôҲͲҪλʥˡɽķӦȽǿңǵʱ˵Ӧԡ
ԣǾº׳ˡɽº׵˵ͷ
С飬Ƶûţ˴ҲԻһ½ǡº׳˵

ɽ
ϣۼһɫЩء
ʥ˻ûг𣿡պӳü
ţԴӼǰ֮󣬱һֱûгӦǴ֮Сһҡҡͷ
Ǹô죿֧ɽ̫Ǹº׶ȵͷˡպӳҧгݵ˵
Ҫ˵Ǿȥһ˵Ҳȥһȥɣҵһºϻ쵰Դ̧ü˵
ԴϱȽϼӣЩͲסǱţǰ紦뱱֧ɽºɱˡ
Դ԰꣬ɽʥ»Ҫʥ˼ʥ˲棬Ƕ֪˼Ūɳ׾ʥļƻ͵òʧˡպӳϿԴ˵
պӳ˵ûһλϵͷ
ѵǾһֱºϻ쵰ɣʥҲ֪λչضáǿߣһαչ˵ǧҲ˵Դüҡͷ˵
ԴϣôõġʥȻʵǿȴһαչôáҿҲͼʮʱ϶ͻءһλЦЦ˵
óܴϢϿͲ
ԾͣȷʵҲ̫һξͱչꡣ
ðɣǾȵšֻǣ뵽ºϻ쵰ڽ紦ɱɽüӣҾ˺ϻ쵰˵˺ܶĻ˵ʲô֪ʲôʥʥҲɽʥݡıСˣԴ˵
֮ڡ

ھԵܣһˮɫĹſƬˮɫĹΣɢļµܲͣʵȴ̺ž˵
ˮռεĻ
αչأԼǹʱ䣬Ħʱ֮£Ѿһʱ䡣һٶ꣬ˮ֮Դĸ֮£ԵˮɱΪռ
ˮﵽռ֮󣬾ʱͲҪʹˮ֮Դˡ
Ҫˮ뵽֮ڣԣҲһСԣԴ뿪졣
ҪǣոճΪɽʥڻкܶҪԴʳڱչء
ಣ
졣
һԾͿɽ֮Ͼۼ˼ɽĳϡ
ЩϿԣһ񣬶϶¶ϲɫӭ
飿ʵ
û£ЩӦò֮⡣϶飬Ǿ޷ԲŻżǣԼڱչ֮УҲҴš
ʥˣԴȳǰݼԡ
ʥɽͱ֧ɽ紦⼸ڣɽ˺üΪӡպӳ˵
Ǳ֧ɽǱģһһ
ţȷʵǱ֧ɽɵġ֧ɽһλº׵ĵ۾ϣϻ쵰һֱڽ紦ɽĵӣֽѵǵĵӣ΢ﲻͻᱻֱӻɱˣʵڿɶ񡣡
Դϼζǰ紦º׶սǼˣǾãӦõʥ˳һϽӿ˵


1457 Դ
۾΢С
ӱ֧ɽĶԷȻ̽ɽ֧Ҳ̽ԼʥһΣܳûƱػöԷᣬӶ֧ҲɽԼʥ
֧֮⣬֧ʲô𣿡ЦЦֿպӳѯʡ
֧ûжӦȿ˵պӳ˵
Ȼ뿴֣ǿźˡԱ˫֣תĿʡ
ʥˣǵ׸Ӧԣǰ뱱֧Ľ紦ǲܲʣûиʾԴЩ̲סˡ
Դϣ㲻Ҫż£ԶԺԴЦЦ
ˣλҲˣɢ˰ɣ˵
ɡ϶üԡ
˵ˣһԴֻҪԭɡպӳϣҲҪһ£йעĶҡҡͷ
˵պӵȼȻǲ֪ҪôҲüˡΪʥɲֻǱ棬ǴĵӵġǣΥʥ־
ɢȥ֮󣬾Ҳûɽͣ뿪ɽ壬ɽű֧߽紦ȥ
һռ˲ƣԾ͵˱߽紦
߽紦ɽͱ֧ɽĵӶ١ĿǰɽӣǴƣ̬֧ɽĵӣſŶˣʱб֧ɽԱɽĵ֮ڡ
ϣ۲Ƭ̣жϳߵ̬ơ
ʱڱ֧ɽۼأº׳ϣɷͨѶʯ뱱֧ɽһЩ߲ｻ

ɽһȺͷڹˡ߽紦ʱˣһɽĶ϶ûҿǾˣ
ʲôƨʥʵǻӡǸԣͷڹ֮еͷڹ꣡
⼸꣬ҿǹɱ˼ɽӡȺͷڹ꣬ƨҷš
Ҽٺ١ҪȺͷڹ굽̵ʲôʱ򡣡
º׳ϣʱ֧ɽѶ˵һЩڮɽĻʵҲˣɽ⼸ȷʵûº֧ʲôж
Ҳ֧ɽһִΪɽǰһûΪһʥ仯
ֻǱ֧ɽ֧ɽҲǲĿģҲûںǸоԵʥˡȻϾ˵ǻܽͿ˳Ʒɽˡ
ˣ˵ˡˣͳȥתһȦɽûв۵ײСº˴Ѷʯ
һȺ֧ɽӣ뿪ۼأɽйһȺ˺ƺƵʮ㡣
ɽۼأܿ̽鵽˽紦洫һȺߣٵľۼۼڣˣҲһֻͨζѡºĵ۾ͨûа취Կ
ɽȣһֱûɳ۾ϹҲܽǡʱ䣬ᡣ
ʱ㱨˵Ǳ֧ɽº׳ϣִźƺƵһȺɱɫʱͺˡ
̫
̫һ۾ǿߣҲֱͨš
ܶӳǸô죿
֧ˣ̫ˣ
ɽĳǵôİѵǱ֧۸ۼڵǣжԹ
ҿҪȻǾƴ˰ɣҲùУҲƢ𱩵ģ˱սʹ졣
侲
Ҫģ͡ţ߲㲻᲻µġɽʥ쵼ʥһмƻҲܶӳѹѹ֣˶侲
ৣ
ʱһɫӰȴͻȻԺ֮УϢ
ӰģڳˣûһǰܶӳͨߣҲ˿ûиӦѾˣŷ˴롣
ԺߣǴһ׷ױɫ
ۼȻªһЩҲһЩ󷨵ġͻȻߣƺûܵ󷨵谭
ߣȻǸոմɽ˲ƹľԡ
ʲôˣܶӳһȣʱ׼֡
ЩߣҲ䱸žԡ
ңԣԳЦЦ
ԣ
㡭ʥˣܶӳһȻϳ˾ԡ
ܶӳȻûԱˣҲǼӰġȻһʱûϳԣɵԱֺ˳


1458 һ
Ժˣϲӵʥԡ
ǻ˵ɽĸ߲㲻ˣȴ벻ʥ˾Ȼˣ
ʥˣ˶
ɣֶ̧˵
ߣȥһᱱ֧º׳ϣʲôЦ˵
ºͣĿ֮Уȴɱ⡣
һȺˣž뿪紦ۼأǰС
֮󣬱ºΪ׵ı֧
ף
֧ЩȻ뿪ǵľۼأ
Ǻǣе˼
ϴˣЩ˰˳Ƿˣǵɫ֧ĵӣ׷׳Ц˵ǿ֧ӵĿ⣬֮ɫ
ºףҲЦĿŶһȺˡ
⼸֧ЩˣɴǰҡڵĻơһα֧뿪ۼأҲЩ⡣
ҲΪȤ
ಣº׳ȼٳ
һȺ֧ĵӣ󣬽֧ӳȥ
ڱ֧ǰ棬۾
ʥˣǰɫ۵ģǱ֧ºסӳԾԵ˵
˵Ҳ³˾ºףǿĵ۾Ϣھǰβס
֧ͷڹǣӳ𣿡º״һ䣬ӵű֧ˡ
ºףԵһȣôĵӣ
ţºһ˾ԡ
ţûע⵽ԣȻҲ˾ԣֻһɨûھ϶ͣԵĵͺʶɫ۵ƺЩһ
ԣºҲԵӰʱǽ˳
λɽʥӰ񣬱֧ĸ߲Ҳ
ºףʥ䣬㾹ֱôĵӣӳŭȵ
ºֱӺԵ֣ɽĵӣЩǵġº׶ʥ˵ݲмһˣǻôѹºף
ӳԵ硣ĵǣһʥºɱʥ˻᲻º׶ֳԿԣʱɫŭºס
ߣʲôʥɽʥұ֧ɽʲôϵԼôˣºЦ˵
˭óº״˶Ծʥȫûκءڱ֧ɽӥɳԱŶԱ֧ɽǿơΪ֧Ӧ֧ɽ֧
ˣؾʥ
ºףɱŨ
౱֧ߣԵݵʥ֮ɫ˱仯ʥݣǶԣкܴѹġ֧Ȼ뱾֧Ѿˣվͬʥءһ㣬ٹ̣ѾԿ˵ǱʶС
º׳ϣʧԵͳ˵
ʧʲôΪʥʥˡߣҲϣ֧ϣ֧ɽҲϡԣǰ㻹ǲҪڳһʥӣκЧºһЦ֮ɫ
ת
УʼҪɱԵ뷨ܿھϣɱԣͿܶʱɽˣضõĽҲõء
º׵˼ѸٵĻһλѵõĻᡣ⸽Ҳûзб֧ɽǿߵĴڡĻһɾûˡ
ºףǸĻɫȻһЩʵʥزҪҲգԵ
֧ɽҲʥصһԱʥʥһ֧ϣҶʥΣ
УΪ֧ϣȻ޹ɱ֧ӣҺ޻ڸ֮⡣⣬ͬһ
죬ұʥأһһ
紦֮ǰɽʱ򣬾ԾѾ˾עº׽ڽ紦
ҪɱºףҲΪ֧ɽ֧ɽǰı仯
ҲԼҪʥأ϶ǻ˵ġڶ֧֮У϶в˲ԸΪʥЩУȻв޷
ͬʱҲչ¶һЩֶΣ֧ɽһЩĻ̥Ա

һ
ԣҲ·ͷҵҪδһº׿Ц
ʥˣºǵ۾ҪСġӳº׼ֵ̬æѡ
תӳ΢Цͷ
ৣϼھС
䣡ɫĽ⣬۶ڿռڼǰɱ
һӰ֮У̺Ŷռܡһǻ֮
Ҫ壬ȻҪﵽõЧһɱºףǾԵֶΡ


1459 
ɫ⣬˺ѿռ䡣֮ռ·һƬ硣ǣڽӰ֮ϲû̫ǿܲ
ӰºףƲ첻мЦЦϵЦݱǽӲоԼܵĿռ·𶼱˼סһļµֶ
оϢ
ã
ʵôǿºҲǵ۾磬Ҳǿߡ
˵ķӦҲǼ죬кɫ͵һҪֵӰ
ֻǣھԵĻ֮£ĵֵԵúܴЩܺ嫵ĵ⣬ٱӰݻ١
ɶ񣡿ɶϵˣС־Ȼǿߣº׼ˣз
ͬʱȡһƴƷµĿռ䷨򲨶ת
Ըоɲ˲ףº׵ϣҲĿռ䱦ʦտƵķɿշơ
ԵһҪնɱߵ۾ʱߵ۾ʹռ䱦ɹѵ
ºȡռ䱦ҲƵı
һº׵Ӱ
ºҲǸɴúܣ𾳽֮ȫûˮ˼ֱȡռ䱦ͼ
µĿռ䷨򣬶ʱڿռڽº׵ӰҲŤ
ֻһΣºȴûĺˡҪɱߵʱδֶ֮ΡڣԵĻ֮ʱͿռټϾȫﵽΡԣº׵ӰȻŤʧƺҪƿ뿪ʱһĲɫӰȻ׷˹ȥ

֮Уº׷һҽС
ȻʹƷɿշıȻûѵ
ʹһ౦ڴ£ǿҲûа취´߶ߡǾԵĿ¹ֶλ֮ȴѭſռ䷨µĺۼ׷ٵº׵ټɱ
ºײҽʬ壬ҲԻҵָһУԴ
ԼɽĴº׳ϱһնɱ֧ɽߣһžԡ
ʲôʵ
𰡣ңһҲһɱº׳ϰɣ
֧ɽߣһҳ۾º׳϶һɱЩˣ֣Ҳʥһָѹġ
û˸˵
Ǳ֧ɽߣɽ֧ߣͬסЩˣûԤϵԼɽʥˣȻ˿µǿߡ
һɱºףֱˡ
ʥر֧ߣ˿º׵ʬ壬ֿ˿ʥ˾ԣ·ȷԼĵʵĻǻþ
Ŀת֧ɽߡ
ºĿʥɱͬţ񼫡ΪѾʥءɱºףŻ
ǣӦòº׵ͬɣԶˣͳ˵

ʥˣǲº׳ϡº׵ͬǣǲҶʥ񡣡
ǲұʥأ
ԶԣǶʥصĵӡǰǣԺҲǣ
֧ɽڶߣ׷׿˵ⷬȫΪ徰Եʵ˵Υ֮ԡǵȷʵԼʥصһԱ
֪Ե֮һҲʵ
ܺã
ȻǱ֧ɽĵӣ֧ɽҲʥصˣǶɢ˰ɣ԰ڰñ֧ɽɢȥ
лʥˣ֧ɽߣپ겻뿪ص֧ɽ

֧ɽ
º׳ϱնɱϢܿʹ
ºڽ紦Ѿмʱ䣬һֱûֹ⡣⼸ɽҲûǲκε۾γº׳Ͼ
ɽҲ˱֧ɽи߲㡣
ԣº׳ϱնɱϢ֮б֧ɽĸ߲ﶼˡ
ǣȫϢ
º׳ôᱻնɱ
һ۾εôȥǱ֧УҲֻһ̫ϳɱº׳ϰɣǣǱ֧Ķ룬һ㲻뿪ɽ
ϼһǾô£
֧ɽĳϺɽеɻܿҲ˴𰸣ϸϢܿ촫º׳ϣУʥԵС
ֻһǾԾʲôˣôӵɱº׳ϵʵ
´֮Уɽգ·ܹõγˮ
֧ɽȻʮ۾γϣÿһǳҪһñ֧ɽһ֡Ϣǣ֧ǸԣҲʥԼǰֱǴش
ǰûʥΪӣôıʡ


1460 
֧ɽɽ͹˾ԵʵҲ͹˾Եľġ
ԳֱӻɱǱ֧ɽ۾ºףζʲôԣ֧ʥǹôģĿľҪ֧ɽɽ
ɽˣ¾Բܾôˡ
ԣɽҲ̫ˣɱұ֧ϡǣΪº׳ϱ𣡡
һЩ֧ɽϽҲвĬ
ڲ˿º׳ҲԼºײȥ߽紦ҫôᱻɱº⼸ûɱɽӣǾҲδؾͻ֡
һУ˵ºԼġڱɱҲȡ
ɽˣǾӦǿߡҪΪº׳ϱֻûôס˳˵
ɽɱұ֧ĳϣҲô˵ģɽվ
ͬʱ֧ɽ֧ɽ֧ɽҲȺõ˱֧ɽº׳Ϣ
֧ɽºҲϤúܡ
ϾҶʥأƽʱҲкܶĽºǵ۾γϣҪ
ԣ֧ɽº׳ѶʱҲһЩģȷϵϢʹº׳ȷʵˣǱɽʥֻɱ
õϢ֧ɽҲòӾλʥ
֧ɽɽС
λǶԴο֧ɽɽڳλʵ
֧ɽº׳ϱʥɱƺǶ֧ɽûйϵ룬ʥ֮ôĿĿɲֻΪɱº׳ϡεԭֻҲǡλʥ򵥰һ߻˵
κǿǡλʥֶˡңʵȻ֮ǿһ㵹ǳԤϡȻǿߡһҲ˵
ΣȻ磬쵼ʥأҪ֧ɽӦӦʥҲԸ¡˲ΪȻ
ɽˣΪڣǻǾ䡣ʥɱǱ֧ɽϣ֧ɽ϶Ϊżȿ֧ɽһɫ۵ĳϣ΢Ц˵
ţĿǰҲֻˡҵЩڴһ֧ɽɽǸֳһ˿Ц˵
֧ɽ֧ɽҲǲΡ

Դɽ뱱֧ɽĽ紦صɽ
ɱ֧ɽº׳ϵϢھԻ֮ǰʹɽ
ɽһȺϣǾۼʥ֮ǰȴžԵĹ
˿ʥ㶼ӭȥЩˣ鶼Щͬÿ˵УһֵĹ⻪
Ȼû뵽Իȡֹϵķʽ顣
պӳϡԴϵˣҲûԤϵԻֱӸɵº׳ϡ֮ǰǼɽ뾰£ʥֻ˵ԴʱǼû뵽ʥ˵ĴŪº׳ϡ
Ȼ⣬ҲʮֵĽ
Щɽ֧ɽѹöЩϣɽǴڱѹ̬
һΣɽǺݺݵĳһڶ
λڣ
ɣԶЦЦ
һȺˣ½뵽ʥ֮С
ʥˣһļƻʲô֧ɽº׳»ܻǵСǹǽճ˵
֧ɽɽƢΪ꣬ȷʵпܳɽ
ţԴǲò
ɽʥڣ̫ϳڣҲȫǱ֧ɽ
˷׷׿ڡ
Ц˵λصģ֧ɽɽȻƢ꣬ƿر֧ɽӦò޴֮ˡǳɽǾ޷ռκεĺôҿĿǣǲʹ߹̸С
Ԥֽã֧ɽǲʹ߹Ŀܡ
֧ɽ۾ǿ϶ĬǣҲ׹ɽĿܣǲʹ߹һ̽ɽҲһ֪ʥ뷨ͼƻ
ʥˣɽǲʹ߹ӦôԸһʵ
ǵʹߵ֮󣬿Է˵ʲôپһ߷ȻҲһЩƻʱȻ֪Ц˵
˵˱㶼ͷ
ʱ򣬳ճȡѶʯüͷ΢΢
ۿѶʯѶϢֻУճϿ˾ԡ
ʥˣʶߵ۾ճϿ˵
ߵ۾Ҳܴ󣬳յ˶֪ߴˡ


1461 ߼
ճϵĻҲ⡣
ߣ
ճͻȻߵ۾ʲô
λɽĳϣҲȻĿ˿ճϣתĿʥԡ
磬ߵ۾ܲá
ѵʥߵ۾ʲôϵɣ
ʶôˣ΢Ц򳤿ʵ
ߵ۾ʱɽ֮⣬µӴѶ˵Ҫʥˡ΢΢ҡͷ˵
ɽˣЩЦá
⾰Եһߣʱ㽫߻ɱߵƾռ䱦ѡڶμߣ֮⣬һξԷŹߡԭΪⱲӿ϶ҲԼû뵽߾ȻɽҪԼҲ˵ǵõϢ֪Լʥʥ
˴ɣѰ˼һ˵
ҪҪʲô
ǣӦһ㴫Ѷµӣ˽ߴʥȻˣҲãɺôҲǵ۾ңߵ۾ɽʥԣԴʥҲ޲ɡ
ܿģߵ۾͵ʥ֮ڡ
̤˽Ҳ̧ͷƾŸоͶžԹȥ
ߣݼʥˣ߼乧
ߣҪңޱߡ
ԴˣûκκøСǰˣɱܶ޹ˡãھˡ
ʥˣҵõһϢϢɽйأ֪ʥʥ뽫Ϣ׿ڸʥˡߵͷſڵϿ˵
ʲôϢԲɫʵ
ȴû˵ԼϢ̧̧ͷ˿ҡ
˼ԣ̾ˡ
ֱ˵ǣڳģɽϡ̧ü˵
ǣٴεͷ
ҵõһϢʥر֧ɽɽسϰйᡣ˵
ʲôɫһ䡣
⡭
ôܣ
ʥǵжԹϵ֧ɽɽй᣿
ڳĳϣ¶Ծ֮ɫ
ʥˣϢġˣۿس˽¼棬̸ƶ˵
Ϣȷʵǳ϶Ҳɽԡ¾µҪ˵㳡һɱ۾γӰ۾֮͸ηˡһԣҲǾԼϢþԷ¶ɱ⡣
ߣ֪ڲƭҵ³ȵ
ʥˣҾԲǰ˵ٻسļȻأҲû֪ǰйᡣңҲżȻ֪ϢΪˣŪҡûа취š߸оԵɱ⣬æٵ˵
Ҳûа취ɽĿģʵѰԵıӻ
ȻӴ󣬿Ūû̫취ӦԡҪô뿪޾硣ɲ򲻵ѣҲڻƮҡ
˼ǰ󣬾þʥܹӻ
Զ߿Ƭ̣ߴ롣
ͬʱԱ֧ɽɽҲɱ⡣
ǰ֧ɽȻ뱾֧ѣɱϾͬʥأͬͬԴᣬǿɾǱʥˡıѣԲˡ
ɣԶƬ̣˵
лʥˡվʵʵվ
ʥˣɽ֪ǰһЩ˲ݵ顣ǣѾʹǰˡԴ֮ǵڶμʥ˺ҾҲûӵ顣ʥˣһĹµĻᡣ˵Ҫɽ
Ŷ۾
ߣǵ۾ǿߡ
ɽ˵ߵ۾ļ룬Ҳɽʵɽ֮ǰֻ۾ϣ߼룬Ǿǰˡ
ߵ۾ɫҲֲͬı仯
߼룬ƺҲǿԵġȻǰãɢޣǰûмơ
λϣߵ۾ԣǾΣ۾λϡ
ʥˣߵ۾ļɽΪԡճ˵
Ҳò޲ɣԴҲͬ
ߵ۾ǼɽԺҪɽĹأԲӡɱ¾޹顣г˵
ϣͬߵ۾ļ롣
ߵ۾ɽĹأұͬļ롣㲻֪ڸĹ̬ȷǿɱ˽ߵ۾ȵ


1462 ׳ƻ
ߵ۾ǰ̫Կɲϣߵ۾ڼɽɽӰ졣
ԣڼɽǾԾԲϢ
ʥˣ߶ģҼʥԺ󣬾ΥʥصĹءߣԸΪʥЧһϡ
һΣߵ۾Ҳȷʵ¶ʹǰǡ
ãˣڿʼɽλϡ˵
ɽλһ㶼ǶΪ񳤿յ۾Դ۾λϡߵ۾ʵԭҲǿԳΪλϵģϾŸռɽԸһλϵѾ㲻ˡ
Ƚ¹ͣȻĵλ
λϣߵ۾˿ûвھ֮ǰԼոռ룬϶޷ܵɽλϣѳԤڡ
ߵ۾æжµл
ߵ۾ʽɽһЩϣҲĹֶ乧һ
һ۾ɽȷʵһϲ顣
պӳϣԿеպӡ
ڣպǰ̤һ
׼ٿһᣬʱ䶨ʮʱ׼һ£÷ŵһ¡˵
᣿պӳ̧ͷžԡ
ϣҲɻԡ
ԣٿᣡ磬ʥ֮⣬ǻ߸һЩĶҪᣬһˡ
߸һ֮⣬㻹Ҫ취͵ɢе𡢵۾СʥҪѹסڵʵǲģҪ׳
Ի˵
ڳԵĻ
ʥˣٿû⣬˲μӣ͡պӳЩΪѵ˵
ͳȥû⣬ɽ鱨Զ˵ֻСһǣ˼ҽӵ᲻μ˵ˡʥأɲǰܱȵˡ
˵ʵ߸һδػڵʥӡɢޣ͸˵ˡɢȻû˼Ҷ㲻ʥӣΣ
պӳҪ˵ǣɽٿᣬȴû˹ɾˣһ˿Ц
ϣպӳƵ뷨
һ㣬мƻ
˵ϣһЩҩЩҩڻ쵤ŵЦ
˵Ļ쵤ڳ϶΢΢һ㶡
쵤񵤡
཮򣬻ڵ֮С쵤˵ĵҩεʹû쵤м޴İ۾ʹû쵤ǿԿΪ
Ȼ쵤ҲǼΪѵãǿĵҩ
εǿߣҪŪ쵤Ҳ׵顣磬ƻ쵤ĵʦ٣򱦵ˣҲˡ
Ϊˣʥ˵Ҫ쵤ʱպӵȳϲŻԵóԾ
ʥˣ쵤ֶ̫л쵤ԼҲҪʹãóأճҪȰ˵ԡ
ճϣλϣǲΪҲġ쵤óģһٿš쵤֮⣬жֶҲЦе˵
жʹˡЩһ϶ЩɢޣضҲᾡǰμӡʥˣôȷˣӳĿдһĨ˷ܹ˵
ţôɣԵͷֲһ䣺֧ɽǶμᣡ
ǣպӳϴӦ

ʮʱ䣬飬Ҫ
һư쵤ĶֶҩɽıУ϶п棬ƵҩÿȥѰݲϡ
ڵϣȻδﵽʥʦĲΣСڵĸƶ񵤲ʲôڡ
ĵڶ£ǽˮ뵽֮СʹĦʱʮʱ֮£Զˮ룬Ҳ˳УԻزܽɱ䵽ռϻ֮Եսɾļֲˡ
ԶԱ֧ɽжû֧ɽº׳ϱɱ£ǲʹ߹ǣԸûʹߣֻպӳϴˡ
ȻܲԸɽҲ̫Ρº׳϶ɱˣŭ˾ԣ³ֻҲº׳ϺáȻܲҲֻţɽ̫񡢷


1463 Ὺʼ
ˮ֮Ħʱ֮£ʱ䡣ʱ䣬Ҳ಻ꡣ
Ż֮ռӣѵҲȷʵӡ
ʱɣࡣˮ򣬸Ǳǰ߼õʱ仹ࡣ
Ժ󣬾ԻҪͿľֻ򣬿ҪѸʱ;ԶԴ˲ûκʧ෴ܼ˷ܡ
ˮĳɹ룬˵ǰ˼·ж϶ǶԵģֻҪľͺ򣬾ɱ䵽ռһҲ뵽֮ڡ
ʮʱ䣬ܿš
ɽٰᣬҲھС
˷ǿߣǰͿʼ½ɽ棬ҲרſٳһƬЩμʱס
ǰϵɽߣɢޡ
ߴһȻҲμӣǶٽῪʼڲŵִ
߸һȫɣϵҩȫҪԭ򡣵ϰٿŻ쵤Զĵͷ
ߴ֮УֻǰġֻɳһЩμᡣһͿ˵ЩǿһڵɽԶԶǰôء
ߴһȻԶ޷ȡǣκһһСе֮Угǿ
ʵѾǷǳľˡʥص֧ɽܽŽᣬȻǱһǿöࡣ֧ɽȻȥκһ֧ɽߴһʲôơҲӵʲǿߵĶ֧ɽߴһη֮ġ

֧ɽˣǰ㳡
峿һɽͨεӣ֧ɽסԺڣ˵
ͽʼɽӣǰΪ֧ɽ·ġ
ʲô֣ɫӡ
ɽҽȺȺͷӦ
ž֧ɽɽ־һƣȺϡ
ȺֻǰӰһϱǴʹһ㽫ֱӴ˳ȥ
ȺȻҲߣǿߡһͨȻеֵͺ꺢ǿ׳ĳˡ
Ⱥ̧ͷ˿֪ΪʲôԼ
ô㲻ЦȺ
ңȺȻգԱ֧ɽɽֻѡܡ
ߣĶʲôݣʲôݣңȻҴ㣬ġ´ұֱӳֻɱ㣡ҪΪɽʥܱ㣬Ҿɱ㣬ǾҲκβңЦ˵
ţȺȷʵûм񡣵ǣȺ˵Ѿܿˡ˵ˣ£ҪйеԹ
Ϊɱ˱֧ɽĳºףһֱԹڣһᷢйˡ
ʲôϽȥ㳡һ֧ɽ۾ϣȺȵ
ǣȺ˹ǰ·
ͬʱ
֧ɽ֧ɽ֧ɽˣҲɽӴ֮£ǰ㳡
У֧ɽ֧ɽɽԴǰ֧ɽɽδ֣֧ɽ˵ǣǵɽչ֮УԲμᡣ
֧ɽȻҲһ̫ϳϴӣǲɽԴҪ¡ء
Ȼ֧ɽɽˣⲢ˵ԾʥءĿĿɲ
㳡ϣۼԽԽࡣ
ȻˣβμߣʵǿġҪּǧˣȻǲܵ顣
ʥض֧ɽ֮⣬߸һĳԱȻһЩ۾ɢ
֮μǺܶࡣӴ㳡ȻЩμ߾ۼȻԵÿտյ
Ⱥ˴㳡󣬱Сĵĸ뿪պӳϸ
ϴˣѾ֧ɽɽ˴㳡Ⱥպӳ˵
ţպӵͷ
պӾͿȺաȺһƣ
ô£պüʵ
ûʲôģֻС顣Ⱥûֱ˵Լˡ
պĿȺ˵Ҳܲµ
ô£˵պӳϡ
ǡǱɽһƣµģûˡȺֻ˵ɽ˵Ҷ񡣡
պӳһȭͷֶȺˣȥɣ


1464 
ʥڣ
ʥˣμߴʱѾȫ㳡Կʼˣպӳվھǰ
ãҲȥɣ΢Ц
ʥˣһҾӦ˵һ֧ɽɽŴɽĵȺţҵϵҡպӳϳ˵
ǺǣȺҪҴһϢ
޷ŲʱȻȻЦݣĿȴź⡣
ҩɾˡдڣҪƿر֧ɽͲܡңаеĹᣬ˺ܿѾȫʥء
ˣǾֻܳԾ󻼡
Դɽһɳϣ㳡ȥɽ̫ϳҲھߡ

־ɽɽϱϣþò
һȺǰЦԼ˴к
־ɽ֧ɽɽ
ɽ֧ɽɽ
ϱϣ֧ɽ̫ϳϣҲǿߡ
ɽˡ˶˵ͷ
ϱ˵ϱϣôû֧ɽɽţ
˵ʱ⿴˿ңƺѰ֧ɽɽţӰʵϣ֪֧ɽɽûǰμᡣϱ򣬾֧ɽĴ
лɽġţɽΪڱչ޷ǰϱƤЦⲻЦ˵
ǰһʱ䣬˵֧ɽº׳ˣ⵽ô£ϱϽӿһ䣬һĵı顣
ţɽɫ΢΢һ䣬óЩջ
΢΢һͷ֮ݺѹȥϱʱº֮Ͽɲÿ
־ˣĿⶼ
ϱû˵𣿱֧º׳ϣǱɽʥɱġΪº׳϶ԾʥԾʥһŭ֮½һɱġ־һıϱ˵
ԭһ治֪º׳Ͽǵ۾ǿߣû뵽ôˣ˶󡣡ϱϧı˵
£ȻҪһ˵ƾʲôɱұ֧ɽϣߣһûꡣҧ˵Ŀ׺Ŀ˸
ЩǰֱԵ֡
ʱ򣬾ԴһȺɽϣҲ㳡Ⱥ
ʥ
ʥ

Դű֧ϹܶˣԴк߸һЩˣɽôأǴ˴ǰμᣬҲ뾰ͻϾж񵤻
˵ǵõһЩϢλʥĸʵǺǿġ㳡ɱӰ۾֮նɱ֧ɽº׵۾
¶˵ӵǿĸʵӦǿߡ
Ե־λɽ֧ɽϱϣҲǰ΢΢񡣲ô룬ٱϻҪάһµġô˵ɽʥر֧һĿǰûиıġ
ԱΪʥϣҲʥصʥǶԾ̫ܾͻᱻ˳Цˡ
ֻб֧ɽɽһδһڶԾԴк
ԵĿ⣬ɨȫ
лλܹǰμʥؾٰᡣҴʥʥӭλĵ΢ЦԴ˵
ˣһȡ
ţɽĵӣһųڷźáһЩɫ޵ŮӣһЩʵ;ˮķڳ֮Ȼȥ
λѣ֣һĶ
ңղ˳½ǰ棬Ȼ߸һλáɢ޵λã󣬲ǵ۾ɢ޵λá
֧ɽΪʥصһԱλһߡ
־ϱˣҲһ
Ƭ̺󣬻˶ֻǱ֧ɽɽվԭһ۾Ц
Ե񣬿
ɽ˵ˡվﲻʲô˼أЦеĿʵ
ǺǣЦһ
ֻһ顣ž˵ղţҺ˵ʥؾٰᣬǲˣ
û仰˵ģҲʵԵͷ
ЩˣǶ֧ɽĪǲʥصĳԱ˵ԵѾ֧ɽʥȥˣԵѣܷǽһ£ĶԾʵ
ɽˡ֧ɽǰʥصĳԱԺҲʥصĳԱ˵


1465 
㳡գʱЩơ
һĿ⣬Ժܶʶƺֿˡʥر֧ɽɽƺҪµӡ
ԵĻɲ
ԵѣĽҸӲˡʥؾٰ죬֧ɽ뱾֧ɽͬʥأǱ֧ɽٰʱΪ֧ɽɽΪûеõϢԵѣΪûѯҵ˼룬ұ֧֧ɽҲһûеõκϢɣȻһ
˵ʱ־ɽȥ
뽫֧ɽԼս֮ϡ
ңԵѸղźᵽʥءҾ֪ôʥأ緢ĺȵ
۾𣬶
Ȼɽ벻ҾϸĽһ¡
⣬ҿʵһ⡣ʥصʥҾٰᣬҪɽͬ⣬ҲҪλɽͬ⡣ͬģʥʥʥȻȫԣκ⡣Եͳӹɡ
仰˵֧ɽ֧ɽ֧ɽ˵ɫҲǱԵĻЩˡ
ȻԸɽʥûɽΪʥҲû취Ҫ뱾֧һΪʥͲˡ
־Ҳû˵ʲôⲻһ뾰ԶȿĶ˵
ôǣôĿԣ㣬ƾʲôʥأҲǴ㳹˺ˡ
ɽûͺġ
ƾʲô
ǲǽˮˣʥʥҵݣңһʥֱһӡ
ɫ֣ھԵϷ
˿ͫ׶΢΢һܹǴܴѹʥصʥǰֹˡ
Щʥصˣһ۾ϳֵģǼðġ
ҧҧ
ʵϣ֧ɽˣжϳġ˶ԾóҲ׼
վһ㾰ԣһˡһˣ֪ʲôط˵ĵõʥصʥԣԼѵãЩЦҲ̫ˣħһõʥػҪħΪʥɣ
ãȲ˵֧ɽϵʥݡ㣬ɱұ֧ɽº£ô˵תһ⣬ԾԱʡ
ºףǸҳֽɱˣԲ˵ºףҼʥ¾ʥر֧ĵӣΪʥɱʲô⣿
ɽڵ㣬ҲЩ˰ֻһɽǰȴ޹֮ɫҵľҪʲôԵҲ

浱Լʥ˰ҿ㾰ʲôǣ֧ԸΪʥǱ֧顣ұ֧ɽʥʥ
ҳ˵ĺãҳԣѵҪɱºɱңǸ𣿡ſ
Եɫ
ЩμߣߴĳԱڶɢޣȤųͻеľԺ
Щǰ
ǰ⾰ʥ̫ˡʥʥܾżҪ֧ɽС֮飬Ϊ̫ˡĳϣίʵӦ뱱֧ɽͻ
˵û뱱֧ɽɽǴȥɶʥûκκôɼĸӰ죬κβɽ
ţȷĴʽӦǰ٣Щǰͻ͵ڸʥڲȫһɢɳ𣿡
Ǻǣ£ֻ֣Ҫĵһʱ䣬ʥؾͻȡˡ
ЩߣҲһЩЩˣΪԵò֮ˡʥصһһϦܽģʥڲźܴ⡣
û˳Ȱ˵ʲôǿʥڲ飬ЩûʲôϵʥˣҲûϵǰʥͳ磬ʥǾͳ磬Ǿ˵ʵϵ
־ɽˣҲ΢Ц֡ǵ뿴ìܳͻֵزʥҪô
ȡ·Եͳȵȫɱ


1466 Ż
£ھԤ֮ڡ˵˷չϾеԤݡ
֪ɽһ𣬾ԾͶɱġͽ͸ټ˲˿ʥԲȡʩʥʥԺʲôţ
ɢǿ߼ʥأ˼һʥңʲôǰ;ôܸԸΪЧ
ԵĻһ㶣ŤϷЦ
붯֣
ΪɽɱºǸ۾ɣ
Цž˵Բѣȡ·ȡ·㾰ΣĪǣɱңɱңɱңɽǿЦ㣬Ͳɽˣ
ĿЦ㳡֮ϵͲģԼɽ󷨸ҲɱԼѹԼ
һĶ֣Ҳ⣬ɽս
ȷʵѾʥء
֮ǰͿʼӴΪʥصĹѾһȥʥأûκκôֻʳɾԣΪԼҳ·õѡȻ
԰ʥأȻԼı֮ءܳΪһĸ
·Ҳɽ׿ս
ȻҲʱҲΪĸҶ֡
ȻҵȻҪȫ㣡ϢΧ·ΪһƬ
ҵҪôȫң˿ʾ߶񺣵뾰Խа塣
ʥ̫ϳϳȺ߳Ծ΢΢
ɽ࣬дһ
̫ϳϣھԵ֮ǰɽΨһǿߡ
棬Ǿ˼ǵġڵɽλϣʱҲ׾ΪҪ֡ǣԾԵľɡ
ԣÿһ˶ûѯʾΪ
̫ϳϻ̲סվ˳ԵݣʥصʥֻǱ֧ɽɽ̫ϳϲΪԵʵǿΪԻᱻܡǣãʥҪͬʵ
Ȼ޷һν֣ûκ壬ɽ˵ֻиӰ졣
ԣ֣ռƽճҲ̫Ӱ졣
ڳˣǼΪˡվҪ֣һ۾Ϳɽ̫ϳϵģʶĵͷ
ǿ̫ϳڸϵʥƨɡ
۾һת
ôԣղŲǺǿ𣿲ҪɱڣȴҪҽֶսˣԣ㲻˰ɣ²ҵĶ֣ųˣҲ䵱ʥɱȵ˵
ȴǵĿ̫ϳϡ
ԵȻףվ˼ûҪԼս˼ҪɱȻɱ
ϣ˺󡣶ԴˣҪ΢Ц̫ϳ˵
ɫ˱䣬ԡ
һָоԲΪ޷зŭҪ֡ǣʥʲôأѵļƻɣ
̫ϳϣɻ֮лǵ˵ͷ˵ǣ
ԱԼɹЦЦ
ԣҹرɽ𣿡˵
ɽĴǺֲܿġʹôܣԼ˳ɶᱻѹס
󲻿ܹرաҡҡͷ
쵽߲Ǻܶ࣬ɾ޷֤Щû̽ӡǴʱرմ̽ͻȻѣǿɲɽ󷨣ʱ̱֤ת
֪ڼɵʲôԷģҲʹɽ󷨶Ը㡣Իһת˵
ⷬҲ˵ڳġ
Ǻǣ˵úȻš
㲻ţҲ׽ԵϿս֣󷨸ǷΧ֮⡣ɽĴ󣬶Ͳвˡ۾˵
Ŷ΢΢
û뵽ԾȻûʹɽԸԼҪԹرմ޷Ǿ˳ڶԡɽ󲻻رաǣ˵Ҫ뿪Χ֣Ԥϡ
ѵԣôţ
һת㲻ٶ롣Աܿɽв˵Ǻ¶ǻ£ôʲô
λѣĺܱǸ죬ҪŻԿҪһʱ䡣ҷģᵢ̫õġܹ˹Ǹ


1467 
ԶԵߣɢ޻ߴһԱ˵Ͽ
Ҫ֣˵һ²ұǸ⡣
̬ȣҲ˾ú⡣ھԻ֮󣬶ͷʾԼⵢһЩʱ䡣
ʵڳߣʵǿͲСǿߣЩǰһμᡣǣ⾰ԺĽֵһЩʱأ
ɱʮ£˵Ҳʲô
ȻҲ֪ǿߣʵӦòɱ˾ԡ֮ǣǿܾҪˣΪҪĿģΪ˾ĵҩҩô죿
ԣʵȽϵͣǿ϶ҪȽеҩٽ顣
߰ɣԿȥ
Цһ̸ȥ
ôǰɲʾ˵Ҳȫ¾ԡ
һͬǰı֧ɽˣһԭأÿϱ鶼ͬĿⶼɽϡ
ׯô
ǰһŵһߣһɫߣ΢Цʵ
ˣϻڵߴһ֮һϻڵ䡣ͬʱҲһλǿߡ
еׯһһׯף
뾰ʥ죬ƺǷŭ֮ĲΪׯЦҡͷ˵
ׯΪʥΪ֮ôΪҪôأԼɽʲôôأһʵ
ʲô߼𣿡ׯתĿ䣬ʵ
ǺǡЦЦ
ʥʥʥ֧ܶɽϾõ֧ĳˡϣҪɽ߳һΡ˵ҪŻ˼˵Ҫɱǣ𾳽ߣҪɱⲻʵ
ɱȴ֡һԽݡö֧ĳԱɽ֧Щ˻ΪʥҲ˰ˡ
˼ǰҲҲʥôɡ仺˵
붡ĿࡣһλʥȻᣬȴй֡룬ΨһĿܣаջɱڲʹɽǰ֮¡ׯ΢΢ҡͷ˵
ׯ仰ͫһ
ôܣʵҲȣҲ޶ࡣҪɱ𾳽˵
Ҳɴǡǿžǡ֮ʥһôɡûаɱҸоׯ׵ĿУҲɻ󲻽⡣
ڳߣĿȫʡ
ʱԺѾƲ֮ϣԶɽĴַΧӰƲ֣֮ңңš
̫ϳϣ˵ʥҪʲôճüĿʣЩǣеʵ
Ҳ˵ҡͷ
ʥ˳˶ս޷Ƕɽضܴ󡣡ճˡ
ʥ˶Դ˿϶жϣǰľǡʥ˼Ȼ֣һĵʲô߳ϵɵúܡ
Ȼոռɽãɽ֮ǰҲֻǼΡ֪ΪΣԾԵȴĴϣһ־ܵĸоΪָоԼҲ
ҲΪָоɽҪɽ
ճϿ˿ߡ
̫ϳϣҲȻߡɽĳϣ߳ϵĻһεĸо߳ϣǲ̫ݾʥˣ
ʱ־ˣ°ȻĿգźϷݡ

ٺ١
ԣͿˡ㲻ҪɱɣñɽСӵʲôֶΡԭأžԣЩ
ʵϣȴСġҲкܶܽʱ̶䱸ǲʲôֶܹвԼ
ɽʱ̶ڴ߶̿ʱ׼ӦԾԵɱС
ǣԲûмų֣ûʹʲôɱа
ֻǵĮܸоԵĵĮװģĴĵھϣо֮ǰŭˡ
ָоЩ
ô£
ԣѵɱңôܣ磬ɱҵļҲûˣ
ҲŴģʲôûĪǻСӲɣһҧзݰ


1468 
һҰļˡ
˵ʥصķѣдһԭ򡣵ʥһڶͷġΪˣɽһ𾳽̫ϳ϶ս
ʵԵһЩԷڣǸʥ֮λġ
Щûڶ֧ɽ֮ߣѹɽ֧
ʱŶϼ֡
ϼĽϣɫתþԷ·ϼ֮С
һܲԲϼ
״Ҳȡһɫһ񽣣һӽεں鱦֮Уġ
ԵĲϼҲǲĲΡϼ֮ǰʹﵽ鱦ΣΪֹȻԲԪأȻûܴﵽΡ̫ѵˡ
ڴھŲİ˻Źǣ˻ֵԨǺ
֮У߲αˡ
ȻлһЩ챦챦ﶼΪƵġڻУ㹻󣬻ܵõǿޱȵ챦Ǹʵ̫ˡ
ң챦ĵطȵա𣬽ǵȵطɡܶطҲô
Ȼվ۷ǿߣ̫ˡȣҲкܶʱв
꣡
ֲֳϼǰٴ̳
ζһӰֶ֮˺ѿռ䣬Ϯɱȥ
ۣеһ񽣣ӶһƬâɢĽâ·һԼĻ棬ԷȥЩƻĽâÿһ䣬̺ܡ
ڻԻϵ裬˵԰ˡ
ԷȻֻǻ򣬵ǵһ̶ȣͬǼµġ򣬻ǻκһַΣǶֲܿ
ʲô֮֡
˵ﵽεߣܽһַ
ĸʵԲڵķ绪֮¡
䣡
ֽײռֱ𡣲ɫͺɫֹâΪƬܽЩƬ֮ռͬ
·Կռݺ󷽣޾Ļ硣
Ժˣ·˿ûܵӰ졣ĿⶼŶԷ
ԣΪʲôֶΡʧʵҲɱң뾰Եһν֮󣬳׷
Щġ
Ȼ֮ǰжϾ𾳽ɱϾûнֹһжϴأһ⾰أȻ̫ܣҲһ
ڵһνֺȫɳһԵľ磬ȷʵʡֻҪûʲôµġɽ֮⣬ԣ
㾰ʵıǿһЩҲѹɱʵڲУԴȥԾס
ɳžԽ
Ժһν֣·㳡ϵ߶ȫСҲȷ𾳽ߡЩˣҡͷ
ʥȷʵ𣡡
ôһߣ츳͸˻ԵĽ
ֻǣҪɱͬǲܵġ
ǰжûд󡣡
ţ޷նɱɽǶ֧ɽԺʥܾ͸ˡҪ֧ɽ£ѶȾʹˡֻ֧ɽȫȻ
һЩߣ˽
ϻںڵʱҲƵĿ
߸һ֮УֻŵԴμġһ̫ϳϴ˹ѡ
־ɽˣҲЦ
һΣɽֳЦˡʥĵ˵ҪŻ˵ҪɱɽգԼȴЩ֧ɽ̫ϳϱҡͷ˵
־ɽһϱ
ϱƺܸˣ־ɽ˵
׿һ֣һЦ鵱Ȼáϱ˿ûй˼ɣʵѵ־ɽ㲻𣿡
Ǻǡ־ЦһƤ

ҡҡͷ
ҲʣҪɱ㣬Ҳʲô¡Եӿд
ȫϵۡķԻ鲼֮䡣
ڲϼܣһƬʵĲʹ⣬͸µķϢһֻζ
Ըһȣ֮
ϼ̧ʵĽӰ̺Ű򡢳ˮռܣŶӰȥ


1469 Եľ
֮һڻɵĲʹӳ䣡
֮̾͸Ӧ˼ΣյϢ֮ϣ·һӰһ㳾֮ȥ
˲Ϣ֮䣬ɫͱˡǰһ̣צơһ̣ǱòҰ׺Ѫɫ
ΪﵽΣϣҲʲô˻ʲôƷܸǴΣϢˡΪˣÿһθӦϢĵ𺳺;塣
Է⿴ͨһȴһ񽣵ֱۣ΢΢
ܣ
ⲻܣ
ֻΣһľ磬ֻһʩչ˿ֲĹп𣬾ŭӡ
䣡һ
һϣһƬɫӰ뵶
죡ҧͺȡ
죬ǿĹֶΣ̺С
Ƚǿߣն֮󣬶ʶĿʼѧ
ֻ˼ʮϼһǼѧЩѧΪԼǿֶΡƽʱʩչ
ԵĻ֮Ҳѧ
ʩչأͷųȵˡ
·ϿԿ񷶼ɳɫƬݺ¶Ļ磬·ȼ
˵ԵĻ֮γɵĽӰҪʧɫܶˡڶ߿Եһƺûܵӡ
һЩ˲⣬ΪҪżʩչ졣ѵǸɵʥɣֻǣʩչ죬ҪɱһεǿߣҲǺġ
Щ۾ڷ֮£ֲܼ˶þͻᱻɱһǿߣ޷ȫסҲѡȻȥҪ죬һǿߣѡǣԷֻǸոմﵽε
ۣ
֮ĽӰٽ֮Сײһ졣
ĿǣǻɵĲɫӰڷ֮УȻûκɢļһӰֱӾǺɫйᴩȥֱϮɱȥ
һĻ˶⡣û뵽龰ȻԺ֮⡣
ô£
֪
̫ԾʥһӰƺֲ̺ܣ죬ס
ƺǺƽһΪܹᴩ졣Ȼûֹķ죬Ҳš죬ԳΪ˶ܡ۾֮ɥֲܿ
ǰҲ֪졣ڣʵȴˡʥĽӰ·ȷӿ¡
ѵһַǳǿѧɣֻǣΪܣȴԲ׽
룬һӰܼΪ˵ʥѧĿǷ켫£̫ˡˣô죬ɽЩΣˡ
˽
ˣ϶¶𺳵ɫŵЦݣȫȻ
֧ɽڶߣһ¶ŵı顣棬Ǳ֧ɽɽˡ֮ҪɽҲɽĵ̣Ǿʥ춯ɽǿߣԻһʱȡʩ
־ɽˣҲȫȻɫ
֧ɽ̫ϳϱɫÿ£ȥЩࡣղ̾ЦˣڿֻЦԼ
ıԻܣΡȻҲǿߣܻҲһܻɨء
ϱתĿ˿־λɽ˴ʱעڸ߿֮ϣûɫϱ
˻˻
ںɫķ֮У֮ĽӰ·ûܵӰ죬Ͻӽɫ
ȴзǳеĸ֪ףԼʩչĻ֮ûܵǣ̺֮ܣǺֲܿġ
Ͼǿߡķ죬̺ͬ˵ԵĻ֮Ҫȫᴩ죬Ҳɵ顣ܹᴩʣҲ̫ࡣ
Ҫǣ϶ں鱦֮жķֻҪôһдܣͺɱ
Ե۾з˼ת
ռޣٶ˫ԣܴԼӵпռ䱦Ҳ߷ߡԽʩչ֮ɱֻĻ˴Чܾ΢͡
Ϊ˿ɽӰ죬ô͡һѾ籩ˡ


1470 
ԴӾԴط籩֮󣬺ڶսʹóһֱԶǽ籩ƣޱҪҲ׶ñ¶
ΣΪ˿նɱǿҲòʹ籩ˡ
СڣСڹͨ
ڣС̻Ӧ
СԴ൱뾰Ϊһ塣ҪʹСڣͺʹֱһֻҪ΢Ķһɡ
籩ܵ͡
һ̣Եͷųﵽ˵ĳ̶ȡھܣͷŵΪʵʡ
Сڵ֮£Ϊһ㣬ƴֵ֮
ûСڣͱȽϷɢЧɱˡСڣͿŨһ㣬ӽˣȻȻԵ˵ǿɱֱӴݻٵ˵塣
籩ǿĵطڣΣѱǰ֡ǣɱ֮еߣ͸Բ׽Ӱε籩˷籩ʱͨѾˣҪֵ
꣡籩˳͸죬ִǰ
䣡Ӱε籩ͻȻըѿ
ݿޱȵĳ塣
ڵ籩жǿ
ȣѾǿߡߣԵ屾ͺǿ־ĴԵǿȿƿֲ
ǰ֮£籩ܳʲǿӦѡߣһ˶ˡ
籩֮ǰҲ˸ӦֻǣӦʶʱ򣬾Ѿˡ
ֻԼ壬ܵصײ棬˲ִѺۡⲢǽһϵ͸壬ҡҡ׹ʱҪ
ҵʹ̲סҽ
ͬʱԷĿƾʹȽˡԵĻ֮ھԵĲٿ֮£͸ٶȻӿ졣
գ֮䣬͵ǰ
ҺĿ״˫Ŀ֮һƬ졣
ʮֵĿֲ
ƺʶµĽӰֽдǣҪϷ£ļࡣ
֮ͣݺݵĹᴩ塣
񺣣һʱ䱻߽⡣ţֵ籩壬ٱ֮Ҷɨ̼ͳױ
ɽһǿߣһǿԵĻ֮籩ɱ
ٴţգʱ䣬֮ϵʬµ䡣
һУĿϾӡ
·ЩۿߣûŪô£սͽˡ
ҽʱ򣬺ܶ˻ɻʲôǲʱ籩۵ʱ򣬻֮ĽӰͶ˷죬һᴩ塣
ڼž֮У˾ͶѸ׹䡣
ô£
⡭⡭
ˣһǿߣˣ
еˣĿɿڴ
ׯ㿴ɽôģϻ䣬Ŀ⿴գжׯʵ
ׯĬһʱûлӦ
ׯףʱҲƽ
ھԺ֮ǰΪӦаջԲŻ϶֡Ҳ벻һ֮ĶսΡ
ãԼܻҲ޷ɱأԲɱô̵ʱ֮ھˡ
ӾʥɽֵһŶãʱ䣬ʱ䣿
λʥǿʵׯڳ˺ʱ󣬿˵
ȷʵ£صͷ
ׯ㷢ûУɽӰᴩ֮ǰĲҽϵ⡣һǿߣޱǿģˣѵʥ깥ֶΣǣҲûóʲôıü˵
䡢ׯǿߣȻǴֳܷ֮ŵܹ
ׯջĿ⣬һԵĶ
ǵ͹˾ʥеĻҪǿ󡣻ʥƿ֮£ͥҲδ֪ׯ³һ˵
ʱ־ɽɽ֧ɽϱϣһһɫӰ
ףΪҪ϶ȨɽˡУɲһֹŹֵ


1471 
־ɽеܹ죬Լ״
ھʥɽ֮ǰǵǱʶ֮УƺҲ뿴ʥǲϾʥĵλҲ뱻쵼ʥɱɽ֮ȴеʧ˵Ƿŭ
ǵУҲϣɽ֧׳١һλǿʥ򣬿ܲȫһ¡
Ҫ̸ıǰ־Ҳǲܵġ̫һӵҲһ˾ܾıġ
ϣɱͽͬҲΪһӾ֧ɽ뱾֧ɽͬͬһͬԿԺҪһһͣҲ޷һ͡
ϿеľԣԴ֮û̻ص㳡
ԵĿ⣬Զգء
һϢԶˡ
ȻϢǳ΢Բ׽ɾԻǸӦһϢĴڡ
ϢӦˣǷǳǿĴڣǿԶסȫעĵز
Բ֪˭֪Էǵ˻ѡ
˲δԼɱʱ־⵹þ԰Ĳ١
ھɱĹУԾѾصϢֻǵʱ֣ҲʱϢڡ
ʥô
ǰʥ˻ʲô
ǿʥƺһֱעһѵʲô
ˣǡʲôˣ
ɽĳǣΪԻɱ˷ܺͼѹ£Ҳ֮غͳ˼
ɽЩϣǰһȷʵúܡǣû뵽ʥʵ֮ǿɽһεǿߣͳ˧֧ɽ꣬ھʥǰȴݿһɱ
ֱɽǲʶǵλʥˣʵ˵ǿ󣬱еĻҪǿöࡣ
̫ϳϣҲЩΡţ澰ʥ֡ڿǶһˡ
ѣȻˣβһ
ӣ֣
Ե֮㳡ϵˣŶȷǸطȷʵˡǣȻûз֡
ھԻ֮һƬڣռͻȻŤķ·֮áһӰ𽥵
Ӱ¶㳡ϵߣһĿɿڴǣǸطط㳡ԶˣȻûз֡ǾʥǿܵҲ֪Ǹطһߡ
žʥһȻǷ¶Ӱ˵
ˣѾǳˣ壬΢Եֻ͡ǣ߲ϵ֮£ȴþԶ
ܵĿռ֮ڣһӵһ㣬תš·һƬڣߵĸһ硣
⡭
ʣ
ⲻǴʴ𣿡
㳡ϵߣе֮󣬴
֧ɽɽ־ҲǵɴԼ۾
о˵̫ϳϣôˣ㲻˵𣿡
ڴʵĵ־ɽҲ⡣
μᶯ֮ǰרȥʹ̫ϳϣ粢ûǰ˼磬ҲʥأΨһһǿߡ
ʣڴ֮ǰҲٲ뵽ʥصĸֻ֮СȻڶ֧ɽȴҲӲԱ֧ɽκѹΪ
㳡߿зԵȻˡ֪ߣȻǴʡ
Դʣ֮ǰҲ˽⡣֧ɽĳϣԾԽܹ֧ɽĴʡԣҲû뵽֧ɽĴʻǰ
ŶĴʣԵ
ԭǴ糤ϣԹ˹֡
ʥ˿ˣûǰ֪ͨʥ㣬ʥҪ֡ʲ˵
糤ˣ糤ǰǸеңмֵĵЦһ˵
ĿǰΪֹԻȷʵ̬ȡԣ˵ȻԲҴ⡣ǰһʵǿߣĴڣʦտͬһεĿǿߡ
ǶԼеģԼͲòСġ
ԵʵȻǿܹɾɱ𣬵ǾҲĿǰԼǶսһǿߣȻв
ɽˣҲŵŴʡԲʵ̬ȣͬҲ
ʶʥ˳֣Ǹô죿


1472 ײ
㳡ϵգֱùŹ
Ƕ֧ɽԱϣû֧ͬɽɽһͬӷŵοӦ͵ɽȴһֱû¶档
ʶԾʥ̬ȣȷʵЩ׽͸
ԵĻٴЦЦ
ʥһ⡣ֿڣԾ˵
糤лֻ˵۾΢С
˵ʥǴ཮ߣ֮أڳ֮أõʣԾƺΪ˽⡣
Ŵʣû
ʼ˵ʥƣʥصʥʥܹõ˵ʥԵ
ֻǣʣʥǷãԼܹ쵼ʥأʥûʥصδʥڵžʥҲĴݲˡʥǷԼܹʥٴԻͣȻƽǻеζȴһ㶼ƽ
ףⷬڻԼ
ԳƬ̺ſ˵糤̫ˣҲ޷شδ֮£ͳֻܻشҾԼȻʥ߾ȫʥǿʢ
ǺǡԵĻشЦ
һ߾ȫ
ǣ࿴ʥܶģʥȴĲˣʵͻȻ̧һЩ
ţȻ̧Щµơ
̧ܣֲܲӿ
һƬƬڹ⣬ſֲ֮ѹ
ԾվڴʵĶ棬ۣвϼٶ֡ʱ򣬾ԵȻ֪ҪԼ֡
˵ʵԲ봵ʽ֡ϣǣΪʥضսΪʥսʥأֻд糤һʾǿߡûдڣʥصʵӿ
ǴʱѾˣûиѡ񡣾ԣܲԭزִС
䣡ɫ⸡ֶ
뾰ʥڶԻ󣬼ɱʱ㳡ϵߣȫվ
ܶˣ޷⡣
ʥȻͷѳ֧ǴǵõĿλ֧ɽĴʣһƢˣԱ֧ɽҲһֱǲȡº͵ֶΡ
ɽ죬Ϊڼʥ֮󣬼仰û˵Ͷ֣
ѵҲʥ֮λ֮ģ
Щ˵ͨ
˭֪ʥΨһǿߡΪʥͿԳˣαصȵڣ
ԴʵʵûҲǿǿʥ֮λġ֧ɽ֮У˭赲ʣ
˵ˣ֧ɽɽ־ôʵΪЩ˼顣
Դ̫ϳϣ˵ǳ˽⡣ǳȷʶʥ֮λκ֮ġΪ֧ɽ̫ϳϣȷʾֶ֧֧ɽʥصʥ֮λ
ڣΪζԾʥأ
һߣɽϵˣŵĿգǵ֮У˽͵ǡ
ʥɱɽԴʣֻʥȻɱ𣬵˭óʥҲ𾳽粢һλǿߡ
ѵʲϣʥͳһ㳡ϵߣжתͷ
֮ϡ
ʥһƣʵھԶУЩ翲
Ե֮쾡ǺɫĲƣЩƣÿһֲ̺Ƭ֮󣬺ɫƣ㻯ΪһӡĻ
֮Բ˿Ĵ⡣
֮ǰ̳
ɵĲɫ⣬Ǻɫɵӡ֮ǰâԵøӰÿǰһףҪĴܡ
ʵ𣿡
ǿֲ
λ򱦵ˣʵΣǱȴǿǲ紵ʣ
ҵʦտأʵȴʣģ
ʱԲ˺ܶࡣ⻹һһǿߵĹ
ʣӽǿߡ磬཮ľŴ磬ǿ߶εǿߡǿߣѾԿԼĵ硣
ʵʵʵĳԽ
¡
飡飡飡
Կ֮γɵĽӰɫӡɱ𡣶ײγɵſ·ܹݻһС
㳡ϵڶߣһ̲סľսȻǲûдеģɽ󷨱֮£Ȼ޷ݡ


1473 ݼʥ
Ű֮ﾡԱ𣬿ֲı磬֮չһĩջÿһͷȻҴڴϢ
֮۵ĽӰϵıŷǿĲɫ⣬ɺɫӡĺơ
ʱԵıޱء
ĴʣǾģΪǿĶ֡
ʲεǿ߽֣ǾԣҲ޷֪һǿߵսжǿ
ԿóʱĴʲδȫֹ⡣ȻҲûʩչ籩Եط籩Էǿߣ籩ͻȻҲһæִ
صģǾԡ
ʣĿ֮Уͬһ֮ɫƺҲû뵽һεߣȻ˿µĹ
óʩչһ̺ռܡΪˣһӰŻ˾˵Ĺ
һǴֻǹķҲǾˡ
һӰƼأȴˮ©͸ͿɿóϣʵĺɫӡռƣǴʼգɫӡĺƣһֱ͸ӰܵĿռ䡣
λʥһһа
ţҿɱɽ֪ʵԶһ𡣿ǣȴû뵽սȻǿ̶ֳȡҪɱѶȶܴ󡣶ңλʥӦûֶء
ҼȫԸҲܰȻ뿪սߡʵУһͷ
ϣҲαñ顣
ʥÿֲ
ǰǷ˼˭ţһ𾳽ߣܵסһǿߵ湥
˵ҿ϶šʣɲǸոսʾߣͬһʱǿߣǿ֮һû뵽Գ֣ܸɴ¾ʥ
ӽ쿪ʼʥŽˣ
㳡ϣߴĳԱڶɢޣĳȿ֮ϵӰ

ƣ
ԿͻȻȳһ֮
֮۵ĽӰʱͻȻըѡĽâ˷䡣
ĺƱ˺顣
üͷ΢壬һĻķ
¡
һ춯صľ֮󣬺ɫӡǲܵס֮ըѽĽâҲɢ˿
ڿУԵӰǿܳüٵˡ
ûд߶ﻤ
ȻǿϾֻǵĲдܡֵܵڿеɳһξ֮󣬾Ծס塣ϵЩң˭óʥûܵʲôˣƺûС
ĴʣĿžԡƬ̺ͻȻЦڲϵϣЦݺ
ڿС
֧ɽ磬ݼʥʥˣʣͻȻ̬֮ȴ䣬ԾԹֲҹ˹
ţ΢΢
㳡ϵˣһҲĿɿڴ
Ӵ֮ǶԾ˼䣬ƺԾʥĴ𰸲⣬ֱӾͶԾʥ֡ʱȴһ̬ȴת䣬ȻԾʥ
ô˲⣿
糤ʲô˼֧ɽɽ־ȻĿϵĴʡ
ɽˣ̫ϳϣĪǳ˾Եʥݣ֧ɽһλϣ˫üʥ־ʵ
̫ϳϣϾʥʥص쵼λǡһ֧ɽĳϣСĵĿ˿ɽ־
̫ϳȻǶ֧ɽɽڶ֧ɽλǳȻġ˵Ƕ֧ɽʥأ̫ϳҲǳȻĴڡʥΨһǿߣ˭Ҳ𾴣
̫ϳϣϾʥݣô֧ɽɽ־ɾЩˡϾʥݣԺʥͱӡϾԵݣҪ봵̫ϳֽ
־ɽʱ顣
֧ɽɽҲ־ɽö١ʶģ˿㳡ϵı֧ɽɽʬ塣
ɱҲһɱɽɽ
ԾʥֳʵǷ쭣ǳǿ֮⣬˭ܵסأҪǣʱǻɽ֮ϣھʥ֧Ĵ̫ϳϣĳϾԵʥλǾʥ˳֣̫ϳҲ϶ǿֹ
ʥʥʥصı־Ҳ
㳡ϣΪģҪɽˡǼ̫ϳžԼ̫ϳϿеĻһϸֳϲɫ


1474 £
ʴʱ̬ȣȻЩ⣬̲סϲ
ʥΨһǿߣд糤֧֣ʥ֧ɽͻɵöࡣڴ̫ϳϻ᲻вһһ㲻ҪɡԴʵʵ͵λֱ湦Ƕ˵塣
ʥղҵĳ֣㲻Ҫ֡
֮Զ֣κζ⣬ֻ̽ˡʥأȷʵĲˡ糤ϼ˵
糤֤ҵʵԴʱҲȻ˴糤ϵĿġ
ǣͷϡ
ڿ糤϶ҵʵǱȽˡҲЦ
ʥΪã㵣ʥʥʥ˵õѡˡ糤˵
糤϶ʥصҳϣһ㲻ҪκεĻɡȻڶ֧ɽ⼸һֱֶ֧֧ɽԱ֧ɽѹҲϣʥطѡֻǣһҲ޷ֹ
ȻǿߣȴʥصʥԲ˳
ʥ֪ΪҪɱɽȻʥǵһμ棬ҾãʥӦòΪð㣬ɱžʵ
ɽôҲǿߡ
ڵʥ˵۾ϡȱҪ˵εǿˡοǱ֧ɽɽ
糤ϾãҲɱɽ𣿡Էʵ
಻Υʥ־ֻǶԴЩɻҪ֪ԭ򡣷ʥɱʱͳ־ˡҡҡͷ˵
ûоǶԾʥءȻʱûϾԵʥݣȻûͻȻ־
糤ϵĻҲ˵ͷ
ȡһӰӰҲߵ۾Ͷʱ򽻸ԵġݣɽسϻΡ
Ŵ糤ϵ棬㳡ߵ棬ֱӼӰ
˵˿Ӱ֮󣬱㶼Ȼˡ
糤ϣ㻹ΪʥǾԵĵжԹϵΪ֧ɽɽȴ˽»棬Ҷ˻˵ܡ֤Ѿʥأͽ͸ΪʥԲϢκ˱ʥصΪһ
糤̾һ˵ͷ˵ȷʵʥ˵Żȷʵû֪ͽҲһֽɱû뵽Ȼ䵽˵ز˻ţֻҲʧɣ
㳡ϵı֧ɽˣΪˡ
֧ɽˣ֪ǵɽͽйᣬȻСĽľţܽ¸ˡ
ڱ֧ɽˣҲûҪʥתͶıѱ֪Ǳ֧ɽڲˡ
糤ϣȥ˵ɣ˵
ãӦ
˴֮ϣص㳡
ʱ㳡ϵˣԵտʼɾȫͬˡ
ߴһĳԱǶʶһ㣬Ҫʥء
ʥʥʵֶΣѾʶһڣʥΨһʴ磬Ѿȷı̬֧־ʥò˶ãʥؾͻ»ǿ
ʥ֧ɽŽһģôǿҲܾ޴ѹ
һʥȫ濪սߴһҲȫ⡣
ЩɢߣǵǲҪ̫ࡣʵ֮ǰ֮μᣬǳŵҩġʱ˿̣һЩ˵Уǳϸ΢ı仯
ʥǼʥأǸôѡأ
ɢޣʵκɢˡҪһǻжˣȵڡ
ǿƣҲûмȻһЩɢ޶޺øСںܶԭסʥزͳǶһֱų֮ġ
λѣǱǸǾõˡ΢Ц˹Ǹ˵
µģ
ʥ̫ˣһʱʲô

˷׷׿ڱʾԼȫ⡣
λҲ֣ĺܸмڣٴǾͿʼҩһΣ׼˲ٶ񵤡λȤ񾧹ҲϽӦĶһ΢Ц˵
֮ԾٰᣬΪģӰĵʥʦõҩ£ġԣͬԽҩ£ġ


1475 ȻƵ
˵ʼߵ۾ˢˢĿžԡ
ǰǴɽõϢЩͳȷǣٻһٿŻ쵤ڱϽһٿŻ쵤˴ǰɽҲˡ
˵䣬Ѿһƿȡİڷǰ֮ϡ
λעˣǰЩƿڣÿһ涼һŻ쵤һٿŻ쵤ھĿʼûе׼ۡĿ⻷ȫָƿ˵
˶ʱȻ
û뵽ʥóĵҩǶ񵤻쵤һٿŻ쵤ȫһóôڻ쵤֮󣬾ʥҪóʲôҩأ
ĵҩҲܱȻ쵤̫ɣ
˶ʼĦȭ
ʥ
ʱ֧ɽĴϱϿڣĿžԡ
ϱлתĿȥ
֧ɽҪҲʶ
ʾʥǶ֧ɽɷμӴ˴ϱһʵ
ڻ쵤ϱ˶ޱȡ
ϱ˵ͬʱ־ɽɫҲ֮仯ȻҲ֪ЩʥصĳԱܷμӴ˴ξġ
ܣֱҡͷ
˴ĵҩֻʥ֮߻ʥصĳԱһɲܲ뾺ġԳ˵
ϱɫʱЩѿ
ҧҧʥҾЩˡ쵤Ƕ񵤣Ե۾кܴЧҲʥ㣬ΪβȻ˾ģ
ϱϴŲ˵
㳡ϵɢޣߴһĳԱϱϺ;ʥصʥ
۾΢С
ϣϱԭ򡣡תĿɽ̫ϳ
һ˵ʥˣѾΪ֧ɽ׼ֶ񵤣쵤쵤һ֧ɽɷֵʮʥˣȻԼˡ

ʲô
˶¶Ծ֮ɫ
֧ɽһ֧ɽʮŻ쵤Ƕٿ֮ࡣң⻹ֻǻ쵤һֵҩϵ˼񵤡
ֱʣ
λʥǴֱʰֻǣʥǴʲôطŪ˶Ķأ
ϵĻϱɫǺ죬Щ֮ɫ
ʥˡˡϱϼѵĿڵǸ˵
־˶ɳһЩңԼûżѯʡεĿɾԼˡ
ʥϻ䡣ʥεõ֮ඥ񵤵ġʵ
⣬ЩȤˡЩҩȻƳġЦŶԶ˵
ʲôƵģ
ʥѵʥʦɣ
⡭
ôܣ졣
ȫˣųɾŶ¶Ծ֮ɫɽ೤ϣŵǵʥ˾ԡڴ֮ǰǶ֪ʥȻƶ񵤡
ʴ糤ϣͬ΢΢žԡ
ǰ֤˾ԵʵȻ𾳽磬ȴʲܡΪһѾҪκλˡƾһ㣬ټϾԱֵֶΣ糤ϾΪԿԵʥصʥ
ȴû뵽ʥΪǿ˳̶ȣȻǵʦݣܹƶ񵤵ĵʦƶ񵤣ǿʥʦ磬ƶ񵤵ĵʦҲҡ
λôֱ鿴أ
ѵҾͲǵʦ𣿺Ǻǣ֪һΪұȽᣬΪҲȽǿôܻǵʦݣƶ񵤵ĵʦ
ǲҪˡĵ򱦵ˣΪ𣬿ͬʱҲһʥʦΣеġ΢Ц˵
ˣǾͲ˵ϻʼ쵤ɣһ֡
һŻ쵤λȤأһƿ֮Уȫʵ
μȻ࣬⾺ĵգȴǸҡ
ɢǿ߷׷׳֣ߴһԱҲǲضãһδαۣ쵤ļ۸ҲƵһߵĳ̶ȡߣֱóϧ϶һ
һſŻ쵤ϵıȥ쵤ߴһСЩĵ̣ȻЩɢܱȵġǿǵԼ۱ȵأôɢ޿һŻ쵤
һٿŻ쵤ֻ˲һʱʱһա
λѣ쵤ѾǽҪеڶ񵤵ȻǶҲǷǳģǡϼֱһӡ


1476 ɱﵼ
ϼ߳õҩ޸ߵĵҩ
ȴСֵҩ཮磬磬ϼϡȱĵҩԴ
һߣ׿һǰ;Ҳˡԣϼɢ޿ûжǶ߸һǷǳġ
ңϼǱ˰һڻвгݡҪѰң£߽Ѱұ˰ʱҲҪ
ھ˵ƾϼȴǲҪ˰ʹþ軨˰þƾϼҪĴ۵͵ö࣬ҿԴơ
Ȼȡʢű˰ƿʱЩɢ޾ЩɺˡߴһĳԱȴûκεʧ
ϼͬһٿţڵһžϼʼλԾϼȤĵѿԳˡԿ˵
ϼᣬͬǺܼҵġȻֻߴһͼɢ޲뾺ģ߸һȻǳҪ洢ϼһֺ
һٿžϼ󣬾ȡ˵ֽҪĵҩ
λעˣֵҩǶ񵤡ֻΪ̫ѣҪĲҲѰҡԣʱֻŴ˵Ҫ
ֶ񵤣ֽƺ׵Ի֮䣬ƿǰϡ
ֻǣһԿеƺ׵ȴ¶һ˿顣
ƺ׵ʲô
ȫˣ֮⣬һ˵ƺ׵Ĵڡ
˵ı仯ԶԤϵֽ
ƺ׵û˵ҲϾǬصļɬĵԣҲɽ֮Сڰ²ųɹֵҩƳ
ƺ׵ҪʦڵгڵʹĲϣҪƴ˵ĵʦ֮ŶƿҲǣҪռ
ֵҩ˶ûƳ
ǬǬǬ˴ġˣҲڻ֮УԵɺϲŵõΪǬڵ綼ﵽĵز
ڵľԣںܶ෽棬ѾǳˡǬУ
ʥ˵ġʲôһɢǿߣ̧üžԡ
ƺ׵һޱĶ񵤡Це˵
⡭

ʥԭǹªšǣû˵һֽƺ׵񵤡֪˵кιЧׯףվʵ
Ļ˵úܿȴлɡ
ҲǣϣڳЩ˶û˵Ķ񵤣Խܡ
ƺ׵ĹЧǰߣɱе򡣡Բ˵
˵һߣ˵һôƺ׵֮󣬱ڼ̵ʱڣյڶ򡣡΢Ц˵
յڶߣô˵ɼյյô˵кܴļʣֱռ򡣡ԵȻĶ˻˵
˻
Ի֮ȫˣһ˫˫۾ȫɴžԡ
˺һᣬ˲Ŷһ
ôܣ
еҩֱɱߵܣ
ʥɲҪЦˣϽĵֵҩʲôɣ
ڳˣþڿЦ
ɱܣƾһŵҩ
̫ˣ
μߣһǼʶ֮ǣû˵ֵҩƵĵҩ˵
ɱֱ췽ҹ̷ô׾ɱ䣬ϣ۾óɱӣ
һͨһռô쾭֮󣬲ֱӴﵽսռֻҪһʱдӦѧ۾ˡ
ɱ䣬ô׵ģ
糤ϣҲҡҡͷȻҲֶǴڵġ
ǺǣҲҵƺ׵ЧԿЦЦ
׻һ£ԿȺ
ɽλϵĺ棬౾֧εӡ׻ҲС
ʥĽк׻΢΢һ㶣ܵĿⶼԼʶԼˡʥˣȷʵֲҽȥ
ǣ׻æӦ첽߳Ⱥʥǰ
׻Ŀǰǵɣ΢Цʵ


1477 ׻Ե
׻ʱЩš
ôҲһλߣɴʱȻ޷Լ
һͨ¥ڣ׻˵һʥʱֻǸоԿߡ뾰ԽӴнύ˼ҲоɾԼɽ˼û뵽ȷʵɽȴǵʥصʥˡ
ңʥʵҲǿĳ̶ȣǿߴ̫ϳϣʥΪ
׻΢΢Щ
ʥˣұȽóԴȷʵѾյ׻Ȼͷܺ
ţԵ
㳡һߣüžԣûڴʱ˵ǵţҪʥʲô
һЩ˸ݾԵʻ뵽˵ƺ׵Ȼ룬ѵʥҪù׻ʹʲôƺ׵֤ƺ׵Чɣ
뵽ֿܵߣְҡҡͷòܡ
׻ھ鷳ʩչ򣬸ڳĵѿԼ˵
Ŷ׻΢΢һ㶡
ʥҪʩչʲô
ЩǿǰԼĵȫСưЩǿߣһնռܣ
׻ǰվʥԸģʩչ
Χʱһɫ⡣Էɢܲڳˣĸ֪׻
ˣ˵
ǣ׻
תڳߡ
λѣ׻ĵǿʣ΢У˵
׻ѵȷʵǵһӹɡ
ǰЩϼһ򶼷ֲǿɾЦˡ
ʥʲô˼أ
Ҫǿ׻ʩչʥ㵽Ҫ˵ʲô
ڳߣ۾ܶ࣬ǵȻһ۾ȷ׻ʩչǵһ㣬κδ©
λҪżǾ֪ˡҡͷתĿ˵
ԴӳϣһƿƿڣǾԷ˵ƺ׵
̧׳ƿƿɵ׻ǰ
׻ƿڣʢһƺ׵ڣƿҩ̷ȥȻ㳢ɱ򡣡ԶԹ׻˵
׻ʶӹƿɵԵĻȷϺ
̧ͷžԣ촽鶯
ڿ˵ʥˣҡ£
ʱ򣬹׻Ȼ֪ʥҪʲôֻǣĴﲻʥҪЧ
ģֻӦļɡ飬롣ܽŵҩɱ䵽ռôӦþˡ΢΢ҡͷοĶԹ׻˵
׻ֿ˿ɽϡЩϣһҲĵѵʥƳһδŵĵҩⵤҩܰɱ򲻳ɣ
׻ƿһŽɫĵҩȡٴο˾ʥһ֮ԥ̷ȥ
Ҳ֪ŵҩܲܰԼɱ򡣵ţʥԲẦԼŵҩЧҲԲκκûгɾͽҩ̷ȥ
ܵߣֱĿŹ׻ɫҩ̷ۣ˽
ʥ˵ģѵģ
ϣУĻ쵤ҩڣ
ΪΣǰδ˵ƺ׵أƺҲδֵҩֵ֡ҩûҲȫסصϢɣ򱦵ˣʥʦ
֪Ǿʥӣġһǲţеҩֱɱߵ̫ˡ
˽ͷӶ
ǿߣ̫ϳϣ˫üʱԣʱ̷ҩĹ׻
ƺ׵ܹɱϢɾ͡綼ݺݵı𶯡
ֵҩ˭Ҫ
ͨҪҪҪ۾ҪʲεҲҪõ
ͨľŶߣռսҲѹƺܶͨˡȻҪǱȽϺģܡ
ƺ׵
֣Щ⣡ƺ׵ɱĪǣгƺ׵ľƺ׵ȼֵҩ̫ϳ֮һ䡣
ˣôʥأò˶ãھʵϿ˰ɣڲõδʥػѹ


1478 ɹ
֮ѡù׻ԵҲмĿǡ
ȣԶԹ׻ӡܲǵʱ򣬹׻Ƚʶ˾ԡҪɽѡһԵԿ϶ѡ׻塣
ӡ֮⣬׻ѾﵽҺܽӽռ򡣼ûƺ׵Թ׻ԣδҲкܴռ򡣵ȻҪѶʱͺ˵ˣǼ꣬Ҳܼʮꡢʱ䡣
֮ûЩյһĵԵҲƴһ
ղͶڳ˵ˣյһڶߣʹƺ׵ܰٷְɱһľ硣յ߷ƺ׵ֻһɱ
Ҳ˵׻ʹƺ׵ҲδܽԼɱ䵽ռ򡣵ǣһһɹأ
ɹӰɾʹˡȫ߱ض𶯣һϢͻᴫ硣ʱʥҪǿߣҲһЩ
һ˵׻ûܽƺ׵ɱ䵽ռҲʲôԣȫٽеڶԵһյһߵڶĵԵ޷Ǿ˷һƺ׵Ѱˡ
Щ˼ھԺֻգۼתġ
λѣҪֻҪĵȴһЩʱ䣬Ҳ̫õʱ䡣Իȫº͵˵
ʥ̫ˣһʱ䣬ǲں
ˣ˵ǧꡢ궼ʲô
ʱǲںֻǣλ׻ѣܽԼɱΪռ𣿡
ʱڳˣȻǲžԵĻƺ׵û˵˵ĵҩЧҲǾ̫췽ҹ̷ˡ
ʱ䣬һζ
׻һֱ
ڼǰ׻һƺ׵̷ȥʱҲΪһŵҩܰԼյĵΪռ
̶ȣ׻ԼҪﵽռѶȡ̫̫ˣôһŵҩɣ
ֻǣҩ̷ȴоԼ·뵽һֺ״̬ԽԷĸ֪ﵽһûйĸ߶ȡ
Էĸ֪УŴ౶ԭܶ಻ĵطܶѶĵطʱȻҲȫչʾ˳ɾա
򣬿ò˼顣
״̬֮£ȫʱ䣬һС˼άУֻ硣
ʱȥ֮򣬾ԼһֹͻƵļ󡣵һͻƣȻռ
ˣ
ڹ׻棬ƶ
㳡ߣٸӦ˹׻ϵܲ˲Ϣ֮䣬еˣĹ׻
䣡
׻ͻȻ˵籩еĺһ˷ɫĹΣӸӴ㳡
ռ֮ܲ
ͬʱ׻ϢҲøӻǿ
еˣͿŹ׻ĿУȫȻǲš
ռ
׻Ȼռ
ıʱܶݣֻһʱ䣬ٵ»ص׻ڡ
ʱ򣬹׻Ҳ۾վǴԼ׻ãʱ˿̷ƺЩáȻе֪Լɱˣһӷ·ֲġ
˿ܡ
ʥɽڶ೤ϣ㳡һµǿߣʱڿ
ʥ˶£׻û׻Ӧ֮žԹȥ
ﵽռ׻ʵҲȫ֮С
׻սͳԽͨڣɱ䣬սֱӴﵽУҲԤ֮е顣
ԶԹ׻˵ͷ˵ɣҲԼԺãȻһŵҩҲδռ򡣡
ϴ΢Ц
׻ͻƣ˵ھԵԤ֮УҲ˵ھԵԤ֮⡣׻ͻƣȻƺ׵ܴĹͣ׻ԼͬҲǳǻһյߣʹƺ׵Ҳ޷ôɱռ
ھ仰˵󣬹׻վ˼صɽȺ֮С
ԵĿ⣬ɨȫ
λѣƺ׵ЧҶ֪˰ɣԵӿдÿһߵĶС
֮ǰƺ׵Ҫڣֻʣˡҡҡͷǰϵƿ


1479 ȼյѪҺ
ھ仰˵֮һȵĿ⣬Ͷ˹
еˣ۾žǰƿƿڣʢ֮ǰδ˵ƺ׵
ʱ˿̣Ȼ˻ɾԵĻ
ţٷ˼ǣ֪飬ʵѾ飬ɲǲšƺ׵ȷʵ޷Ч
׻֮ǰǧȷǵһƺ׵֮󣬱ڶ̶̼ʱڴﵽռΡ׻ĸʵҲ֮һ磬ΪǶôõһ£
Ƕô𶯵飿
˻ع󣬶¾һҪᵽƺ׵ǣ䰺ĴۣҲҪõƺ׵
λѣҾͲٵʱˡ棬ƺ׵ʼɣ۾΢У˵
һǴ˷ڳ
գƺ׵ֱߴһеϻںڶȡ֡һȻҲ𾳽ǿߴӣɱϾݣ˾ĺ棬ʵ޷óԴҩֻŵҩׯߡ
ЩɢޣƴȫҲߴһһҲǱȻġεɢޣߴһǰҲΪ
ƺ׵֮󣬾óֶ񵤽漸ֵҩȻԶԶ޷ƺ׵ȣҲǲɶõĺöԣȻǺܼҡ
ᣬԵջʵСȻʥأͬջ޴ʥصӰѾ֮Уõ˺ܴ
ţϢķͣʥصߵǱʶ֮Уһȵǰ䵽ʽĵز
λѣĵҩڣͽˡ
ʥأÿһʱ䣬ͻٰһᡣÿᣬжһΣΪ״ΣЩֲڣҩҲ١һĵҩ񵤵һζԴ˵
ʥԺ󻹻иƺ׵𣿡һɢߣԾʵ
еģ϶ࡣƺ׵ЧȻǿ󣬵ҪƳͬѡҪĲϣͺѰҵϣڲڵģֻлеһЩյزСĵĽ˵
ʥðһ䡣Ƕ֪ʥĹϵ΢ܷȷĸǣԺʥأһʲô̬𣿡
ϻ䣬ͻȻվžʵ
⣬ܵߣ˿䣬ҲЩԡ
⣬ȷʵǱܶ˹ĵġ˴μߣܴ֪ʥصĴ𰸡
ӶڶԾѯ⿴λһҲǳϾʥʥݡѯʥض̬ȡ
ԿƬ̡
⣬֮ǰȷʵû׼Ҫ΢˼һ²ܻش
ʥ֧ɽˣԣȻҲ֪ʥλش⡣
磬𿪱ٵĵ硣
ʥأһֵģĵͳ
ԣҪ˵Ǿ͡ǰʥءԺȻʥءκ˻Ҫʥأؽȡ
˵ԼĴ𰸡
֧ɽߣⷬ΢΢·ǵڣȼ
ʣҲǰͷԵֶЩı仯
ʥصĽʼնûЩʥصˣǶʥźĸ顣ڣٴοʥػԻ͵ϣȻἤ
ˣлʥ֪˵ͷ˻ȥ
λѣһһҪ˵
ҲϲĨǣЩҾֱ˵ˡʥأ֮ٿᣬϣܹǿ߼ʥأΪʥصһԱλҪʥأҾԴʥصӭȻʥزǿκˡ
һܴľλҪϳʱ俼ǡǣȫʥؿǡҲ뿪ȿҪʥأٻʥأʱ򡣡ԵĿ⣬Щ۾ε
ھ˵һЩ໥һۡû̱̬
ҲߴһĳԱҪ뿪ǸԵʥأ⼸ʿ϶ܵ͡ЩɢǿߣֶϰˡǾѾˣҲҪʱ


1480 ƿʥ
ԾٰᣬǿʥصӰ
ڣԵĿĿ˵ȫﵽˡڽļʱǰμߣҪ˵飬ǹδ֡
ֻǣһȻ࣬ЩȻ϶ƺϿɾʥصʥǵ˼ѾĿǰǻʥл̫ϣ
Ҳ˵˼Ҳͣ˳ƽ˱ᡣ
óպӣذšɢߴʱסɽҲӦĵطҪ뿪ɽպӳҲͳȥ

һգʥ
һȺˣ
֧ɽģоԺ̫ϳϡ
֧ɽģɽ־ǿҲǶ֧ɽ̫ϳϴ硣
֧ɽģɽ
֧ɽɽ̫ϳϱɽҲżҴҵĹԭûɽģǵϱӦϢݸ֮鸴ӵˡȻʥֶΣò
ı֧ɽɽѾɱ֧ɽֻ̫ϳϳҲǺŸ֪ɽҲǾòᣬΪ֧ɽҪ뱱֧ɽս֪Ϣ֮Ҳͽʵ
ͽʥŻɱԴ˳̫ϳϸ˵ʲôԼͽҲǺ֮ǡ
֧ɽԭɽᣬʥأѱҴڣ֧ɽɽ֮λȱΪɳϳݴֱкʵɽѡ֡Ե
ԴˣλʲôûУԿˡ
Ϊԣܺʣ糤ֱӾ͸˵
֧ɽɽ־˿糤ϣҲǵͷʾû˿ΣȻҲóڷ˵Ե飬ҲȫҲ÷ĵطʥֲñ֧ɽȥ֧ɽñ֧ɽ̫ϳϳݴɽ
ȻҶûǾôˡɽԺص֧ɽ֮һҪӰ졣һɣڱ֧ɽĵһҪֺȺ֮ԲˡһÿһϢԿ򳵾ϳ˵
ãһȥ󣬻¡ϳޱӦ
ϣ鷳복ɽͬЭϳ山֧ɽܴڵ⡣ֶ˵
ǣʥ֮Ӧ
Ͽ˿ԣֿ˿̫ϳϣûгԷԡʥصΪȷʵǶ֧ɽĳ衣
ǰʥ֧ɽȻϵڷѣǱϾڲ⡣ɽᣬʾȫһˡΪ֧ɽ̫ϳϣҲǾúܶ
һЩҪַλһЩ쵤ȵȡЩҩλɽȥаη䡣
ȡٸƿֳķݰڷǰ
־ɽһǶ֧ɽĵҩԿ־ɽ
־ı飬ʱЩӣٴο˿̫ϳϡ
ЩҩǺö־ɽҲǺҪǣЩҩô͵˵ȫ˾ʥʥص쵼ˡԺԱ֧ɽΥˡ
֧ɽʵУǵνɹؼڣ֧ɽڿ˵ǳǿʥ򵥵ɱ˱֧ɽɽǿߴ̫ϳ϶潻֡
־˵ʵǷǳѹЩ񵤣ԺǱץסѱô֧ɽɽ˵³
̫ϳϲϿɾʥ˵ǣ̫ϳȻǳ׵ĳ˾ʥʥݡ
ھԵע֮£־ɽվ߹ҩ
лʥˣ־ԾԹ˹
ȻЩɴʱξˣ޷ܾûѡء
һݣ֧ɽġɽ߰ɡЦеֿɽ
ɽ־ɽЭˣԼ첲ֲȣû취
Ȼ֧ɽɽб֧ɽݴɽϣҲȡԼɽһݡ
ⵤҩԺ󻹻еġҳʱ䣬ͻһЩЩҩܹǵɽһЩЦ˵
лʥˣ˶л
ʱǿԻȥҵϢʱ֮ҪжߵĶȫûվ˵
ˣҲվ
λɽȻĶһۡ
ʥرʥ쵼Ҳδǻ¡λʥᣬһλʥʦĴ£ʥԻ͡ңλʥԶϱ֧ɽƺҲƫģЩҩԭԲ͸֧ɽûô


1481 ʵ
־ɽ֧ɽˣ԰ݱ½뿪ʥɢȥ
֧ɽǿߴ̫ϳϣû뿪ɽ̫ϳ뱱֧ɽݴɽһͬǰ֧ɽԴʱʥڣֻоԺʹ̫ϳˡ
̫ϳϣЦ⣬Ŀ⿴žԡ
עʥزʹ˳١û䡣һֱܽʥȡִ֮磬ڿҵжûд̫ϳԾ˵
ⷬǽ̧һߵλáȻû˵ɻе˼̫ϳϣΪʥصľעʥ䡣
糤ǧҪ˿ңĿǰ˵ֻ߳˵һҪ·кܳܳڣҶʵѾһ˽⣬ʥؾ֧ɽŽһģȻǴںܴơ̾Ϣһ˵
磬Ҳصĵ˵ͷ
̫ˣǶûзӦǾѾɳвʥصĵزҪȡʩʱѾļʱԽԽ죬ʥǱѹ򱦵ˣΪǳĶ֡Щ
ʥϣߴһдμӡ֪ߴһٶǣһʥȫ濪չ߸ѡ񣬻˵¿ԡ
ѾԣɲҪΪߴһμᣬΪ߸վʥɽһߡ
ʵϣԵȻôΪһᣬܽߴһʥصս
糤Ϸģ߸һһʱ̹ע΢Ц
ţȷʵҲˡʥȻᣬܸоõʥһǳصˡ˵ͷ
糤ϣлһʡĿһת
Ŷžԡ
ڣҶ֪򱦵ʲǿߣ֮У˵˽ӽ𡣳򱦵֮⣬һʲǿߡҶ֪ǣλǿߡЩǣ᲻ỹصʾǿߣüͷ΢΢
ʲǿʵֲ̫ˣͷ·һɽѹھԵͷ
ǰԻû˴ѹ봵糤һνֺ󣬾ԲȫʵĿ¡ڵʵǿߣֻǿԱ
ԣϵλ֮⣬صǿߣǿɾЩˡʥأֻһλʰ
صǿӦеġȻûмҲû֤֤ǸּжϣʲǿӦòֻˡ̫ϳϱҲ
ʥأֻһʡܿʲǿߡǿսô
˵ڵһսʥػֻܹ֧ɽأֻܱ޷
⡭ѹְԿЦҡҡͷ
ǿߣĿǰҲǳʥءʥصҲȼѡ
֮⣬֧ɽֻ̫ϳһ
֧ɽλ֧ɽλ֧ɽλ𣬱֧ɽ֮ǰλ𵫱ɱһֻʣһһˡ
ȫҲʮλǿߣϾʥҲֻʮһĸ֮ڣдԼӽʮǿߡ
۾˫࣬ĵ۾ֻ΢ʥضһЩ
ȫ濪սĻ۾֮µһǲսġΪǼսҲֻܳеڻҰˡЩͨԵ۾͵סС
ơ˵ǰüͷתϣɢ֮УһЩ˼ʥأ׳ʥصʵ
ھ봵糤ϣʥغʱպӳϴʥ
ʥˣ̫ϳϣպӳϣֱԾԺʹ糤ϼ
պӳϲضΣЩɢ޵̬ȣԿպӳϣɫһæѯʵ
㳡ʱ򣬾˵ú⣬һ㶼żɢǿ߼ʥءʵУǷǳҪЩ۾ɢ޵ġ
֮ǰԾͽպӳϣעɢǿߵ̬ȣҪ֮УӰɢǿߵжϣȡøɢ޼ʥء
ʥˣǺֹۡɢǿߣѾ뿪ʥءٲɢޣҲûб¶ʥص˼պӳ΢΢ҡͷ


1482 
ȻǰѾϵպӳϵĻȻЩʧ
ʥأ̫ҪѪҺעˡϧҪʥصĵ۾̫ˡ
ɢ߶ɢϰˣϲԼټʥضԱûʲôƣżŲĻͺܿ̽ӡ̫ϳҡҡͷ˵
ҲǣЦЦ
ʥˣһҪ㡣պӳ˵
Ŷһ
Ǵ𣡡պһ
˵ֵʱպӳϵһλǿߣ磬źպĴڡ
λεڶǿУΪעĿһʵУǶεġǰһͬ𾳽֣ĽǴ˶Է
ܶ˶˵һսǴ飬һܻܿᱻնɱ
ͬ𾳽ߣҪɱԷǺģҲٻ֡Ϊˣնɱ𣬲Żȫ𾪣ò˼顣
ҪԼҲһ
ϣƺûμӡĪǣǸողɽģһת
ȷʵǸոյִɽ˵Ҫʥصʥպӳͷ
룡˵
һ£Գȥӭһ°ɣλ𣬿ɲһߡ鱨ûдʲεǿߣֵܵһı⣬ӭӴ
ôʥأǿǷΪǼ룬ʥؾͲһλǳǿ𾳽ǿߣܼӰøɢޣ¿ǲҪʥء
ҲʶʥҺһȥɣ̫ϳϣҲ˵
糤ˣǸãϲõ

𣬿ϣòϣԼҲͨʮӡһϮɫۣһӵĻɫ
ϵ߿ɲеߣὫڣʹʱŻֳλȻǱȽеġ
ʥˣλǴ𣡡պӳھߣܲԶˡ
𣬾΢Ц֡
ĿžԣҲֻֿߵĴ糤ϡ
ʣδɡԴ糤˵
ǺǣѵʵԽԽǿˡֻòã̤ʲ˰ɣ̫ϳϿ˵
δϣֻ΢΢˵ͷ
ǵ˵ΣЦ˵
ȻԼ̬Ϊ䵭ԲΪ⣬Ȼ΢ЦͿ˵
ֻΪһ顣˵֮Ҿͻ뿪ԣǾͲҪһٽ棬˵Ϳˡܾ
ȻǺܸʥʥӡ
۾УЦһ
ãǾ˵顣𣬲֪ңʲô飿ֱʵ
˵ֱӣ봫еһϲĨǣԾҲͲٿףֱѯʶԷ⡣
֮ǰ˵ʥؾٰϣһֽƺ׵ĵҩֵҩͻо˵Ч˵
ԾˣλӦҪõƺ׵ûвμᣬҲûᾺƺ׵ϵƺ׵Ѿϻں֣֮ҪһеõҩǲʵԲŻɽԼ
ƺ׵ȷʵ԰ɱ򡣡Եͷ
ƺ׵ǾʥƵ𣿡˵ʥܹƴ˵ô룬Ӧòֻóƺ׵
ιӾʥУһƺ׵ڼ۸񣬾ʥܿڣֻҪܳ𣬱ԡȷʵǷǳֱӵˣԼ⣬Ӿйƺ׵
Ŵ
𣬲˵ƺ׵ȷʵп档Եȴ㡣
ȻˣҾ͸ˣ˵ţҪתȥ
Ǹɴ˵תҪߣһ˵һˣܻ˵䣬ͼȰ˵Գ۸Լƺ׵
𣬵һ£
ƺ׵ǲġҵǿ͸һšת˵
Ӱʱֹס


1483 
𣬶ƺ׵ȷʵС
ҲżǰɽԡˣһӶˣҾ˵Ҫƺ׵Ϊˡ
Ե仰󣬴תɻĿžԡ
һƺ׵ѣ˵ͲʲôȻҪһŸкηԼ˵
˵ͬʱѾȡһƿƿڣʢһƺ׵
ò˵ΪȡôĺøУҲ±Ǯһƺ׵У޼֮ԣȴֱ͸
ȻôҲԴƷΪǰᡣԷһƷԱȽϲǾԾͳƺ׵
Ժ𣬾Բİõƺ׵ֻҪ£͵ǷԼһ顣
ǿһ飬ɲһƺ׵ܹġ
𣬿žеƿû̾ͽӹüͷĿֿԣϸĴţ·Ҫ͸Ե˼
Ŀ峺ƺûκ⡣
ʥҪƺ׵Ϊҵֻǵʼղɱ䵽ռֻֻǵҶﵽռԣҷǳҪõһƺ׵ܽ˽ɱ䵽ռҾľʾ粻Զˡûнӹƺ׵ǶԾ˵ⷬ
ɴҲԿȷʵǹˡЩܶԾ˵ڳĻֻ;ˡ
ŶĿ΢΢һ
ҵҵƺ׵ȷʵܰɱ򡣵ǣҪɱ䵽ռǳɹļʲǰٷְٵġ֣ص˵
˵ˣҲסͷ
ʥҲܰҪĵҩŵҩҴǷһ顣飬ʱһҪҰʥأսҲȫһΡ֮У˵
ˣдϲȴƽ
ΪԷһұƺ׵ֵҩȷʵƣҲûмţֻŸ㡣ٴλ֣ȡڶƿ
üͷ΢΢һ壬ı飬ƺǾЩ⡣
ʥǵ˵ɡʱǲ뿪ʥˡ𣬾ǶԾ˵
룡һĶ
ԡ绹дˣ뵽ʥҲѾƺ׵
̫ϳһֱĬ֮ȴʼЦ⡣óϿ˾ԣԲŻˡƢǿ֮У˭֪Ͽɵģ仰Ӷ࣬Է졣
ʥܵõϿɣҲøˡ
ʥȻƺ׵ǣҲܼʥء֮󣬵һ仰ˡ
ûϵģ𲻱ؽ͡ŵҩ͸㣬Ҿûκθӵ˵ʵȻʱ䲻һֱĽΪˡƺ׵ܰﵽұ⡣˵
Ҫ˵ԲʧȻǲܵģǳҪʥءȻ޷ǿٶ˵ֻô𷴸С˵ֱӽŵҩȻͷҲصľ뿪
ʥȻˣ
ô֪ʥԸⲻԸһʥؿݣͻȻһת˵
ţԶʱһ
ίʵû뵽Ȼת䡣
䣿
ʥؿݣȻʥڲĺĳԱǣҲʥصһԱԺʥսǿ϶ҲҪսġ˼˵Ժ󶼿ΪʥسսԸ
ʥأҲȫûʲôˡ
ʥ˼ǣ΢Цžԡ
˻棿Ŵ塣
Ҵ˵Ļûвʥػҵľһ˵

̫ˣҪΪʥؿ䣬ҾǵӭҪ˵ǣֻΪŵҩÿǷҲžΪʥؿݣȫûбҪ΢΢ҡͷ˵
ʥѵΪҴֵֻƺ׵һ
𣬴ڿʼʥؿ䳤ݣվ
ʥҲվžԣ֣ص˵ͬʱҲ΢΢


1484 ǧ
ڴļ룬ȷʵĵϲá
ʥأ̫Ҫǿ߼ˡǴǿߣֻѾֻɱ䵽ռ򡣽ֻҪҲɱΪռôڲõĽͻ̤ʾ硣
ʥ˵ÿһʲεǿߣԺһսʤ㡣
һԵĴ糤ϣҲ̲סĵͷĿ͸ϲ֮ɫ
ܼʥأ糤϶еЩ⡣ƢҲ֪ġԼĸԸļ룬ôκȰ˵κôֻҪĸԸ룬;ԲΥ߳
峤ϣôҲվЦѾΪʥؿ䳤ϵĴ
峤ϣͷ
ʥһ£˼ǰ󣬻Ǵһᡣ峤Щ¡
ŶЩȡ
ϣʲô飬ô峤϶¿ƺΪѵأ
峤ϵ˵޷Ц
ǹʦǧˣ峤Ŀ΢΢һ
·ࡣ
峤ϵĻҲ֮һ䡣
峤ϵʦǧˣԶ֣Ǵδ˵̳ܵ峤ϵֻ²򵥡
糤ǧ˵֣ȴ΢΢һĿȵĿ峤ϡ
ϵܣ˼ǣδڣ糤Ͼȿ˵ˡ
ǾãʥƳƺ׵ǿʦܰﵽҵʦҲ˵žԡ
ϵܣǧѵţ糤ɫٴ΢΢һ䡣
ûʦһֱţֻǴ¶ѡˣΪʦ˼ѾˡʵϣȴûСû뵽֣ΪʦǧѾˡ峤Ͽ򴵷糤ϣЦҡҡͷ
⡭
⣡û뵽ǧǰȻţ糤ͻȻЦʵϵܣôڣǧںδأ
ʦ𼸺еʱ䶼ڻ֮ѾٻصˡڣҲ֮Сʦÿһʱ䶼һΡҲò˶ã͸ûˡ峤ҡҡͷֵͷ˵
ʦص磬ұ̸֪ÿͣʱ䶼̫Ҷ峤εĲһ䡣
糤Ͽ˵ʥܶǧλǰ̫˽⡣ǧˣʥصͬһʱһλž޵ǿߡȻûܴﵽΣ֮У֮µߣӦûܹġ
ҲȷʵǺܳԾȻ糤ϣǧΪǰ
ܾúܾǰҾʧȥǧ˵ϢΪǧѾˡû뵽ȻǺǣǧ˻ءȻסЩѼ棬ҲûκϢ糤Щ˵
ԵҲ
ڣѾΪʥؿ䳤ϡôǲҲܽ˻ᣬǧ˽ϵأǧ˰ʥأοɾмĸĹˡ
峤ϣ㷽ŵ˼ǣҵʦݣܰﵽǧˡܷϸ˵˵ô£Ծһ񣬿峤˵
ðɣҾϸ˵˵峤һҧʼ˵ʦǧ˵顣
峤ϵĽԺʹҲȻףΪǧ˻ȫ˵ߡ
λǧˣͬһʱǿߡ𿪱ٳ֮ǰǧ˾ѾڣڵʱѾʡ
ңǧ˻ʶѡ𿪱ٳǧ˱һֱھס硣
ȥǧˣȴһֱ޷߳һ޷Ϊ
ҲһЩЩǲһ
ʱ֮£ϢҲǧ˵ľ˾޴仯Դʱʼǧ˾ͻϲˣڻеߡ
ʱ཮Ŵ硣
ʱеһЩյء
ʱЩ͵硣ûǽ͵硣˵ʵѾӹϵԺɽЩǿֻһεĵ͵硣
Ҳһε͵֮Уǧ˽ʶһŮӡͨŮӣֹۣ飬·Ǹжǧˣǧˣǲ˼Ķ˰Ľ֮⡣
ȷʵǺܲ˼飬һλ˲֪ʲǿߣȻ˵͵ƽŮӡֻ˾췽ҹ̷ǴǧΨһĵӴ˵ȻǼٵġ


1485 ޵кܼį
͵ŮӣҲ֪ǧһǿߡ
һʼ֪ǧ˵ݣͻǧ˱־ɡ֪ͬѾ޷뿪ǧˡ
ڵ͵һʱǧ˱뿪˵͵磬֮СУҲǧ޷ļ䡣
⣬ͳϡ
࣬һûˣǼ亱ģҲ˵ǳ׵޷Ҫ֪͵ͨˣҲûֻҪԴͨҲġ࣬һޱȺ⡣ǧ˳ְ취նĵ·
Ǵˣһͨˣܻãǧ˲ϧѰҸԪı޷ƵĿݽߡ
Ԫݽ߼ȥʱǧˣʹֶΡԼķ򣬷ࡣ嵽׷ȻҪܴĴۣǧ˲ںܿȥ
ֻǣҲûа취İ취֮Ȼַܱ֮ǰһУҲˣҲû
峤ϵĽԺʹҲ˴˼
峤ϣȻΪڵϱֳǿϣԣǷа취ָ
峤ϣ޷ŵҲұֻ֤˵һᾡһԡҪȿǧ˻λŮ˵ԶԴ˵
ţף
֪ȷʵѡʦҲҹܶܶʦʥʦ޼¡
ʥ֡ʵʦҹ򱦵ˣ峤ϻһת
ţԺʹ仰¶Ծ֮ɫ
򱦵ˣڵϵȷʵǷ켫󣬾Ͷʦ˵Գ֣гһİաǣҪʦΪЧԴˣҪЮʦ𡣺ǺǣʦˣôܻᱻҪЮԣʦֱӾ뿪ˡ峤¶ı顣
ڼ򱦵ˡ
峤ϣǧǰ磬֪ͨҡ˵
ţһҸоʦֺ󣬱֪ͨʥ峤ϵͷ
峤ϣҲɽסƺ׵ʼչأԽɱ䵽ռ
ԣҲͬʼչءһαչأԵģͷ֮ϡ㣬ȫԸɱ䵽ռΡ
ϵ֮⣬ǵ档Ͷ˺ܶľʥսϵԽǿǶԴսİȻͻԽ
ھԱչصʱ磬ھԻʥصۣȴǾþûƽϢ
ߣšƺ׵ĵҩܵǿҵĹעЩεߣ˭õܹĵҩ
ܲ
ݼˣ
һ֮ڵıϣһӶ΢΢ŵ۾ڣʱɫĹâˣĵ򱦵ˡ
򱦵˵ǰڵׯףȴǹɫޱȵĹ
ׯ˵򱦵˵ͳ
򱦵˵·һħӰ˵ᣬȴ·͸˵ꡣ
ׯףվ
ׯ˵õһƺ׵򱦵ɫׯףֳԵ˵
ص˻ȷʵӾоĵһƺ׵ׯ׵ͷ˵
ţܺãׯҶƺ׵Ȥ򱦵˵˵ͷ
ˣԸ⽫ŵҩ͸㣡ׯ׼ûκεԥͽ仰˵˳
Ϊ˾ĵŵҩׯҲǸ䰺ĴۡΪ򱦵һ仰ڵıʾԸϡ·Ϊ򱦵һЩ飬ׯһ㡣
ʱڳǺһˣȻߴһһλεǿߡ
ׯױ㽫ʢƺ׵ƿ˫ָ߾ٵϡ
ׯúܺãҺ⡣İɣǲġ򱦵ָһУׯеƿ˲ɵ򱦵˵С
ˣû飬뿪򱦵˵ʱֱٴλӶһ򲨶٣ׯ׵Ӱʧڴ֮ڡ
򱦵ˣƿɫƺ׵ȡ֮СĿ⣬ŵҩüͷ΢塣
ôᣬֵҩڣ
ǸСӣƳģ˵ĵǴõأ
˼е˼ˣϣСӣ̫ʧ޵УǺܼįһ°򱦵ţ֮е˷ܣмɭ


1486 ڶλ
ɽ
峤ϣϲϲ
ϣЦŹֶԴء
峤ڼ֮ǰɹɱΪռҲ˵ֻԴﵽռΡ
ﵽԲΡʮ꣬꣬λ𣬾ʲΡ
峤ϣҲǸ˵úܡ
ңʥ͸ƺ׵һŶѡֻһţɹˡۿţʾ嵱Ȼϲõúܡ
ϣá
ʥ֮ǰƺ׵һʣһһţͽ㴦ɣ֪ռԼҪԽ͸ˡ͸˭ҾͲˡ彫ʢƺ׵ƿȡ
峤ϣȻʥ͸ģȫԺл˰ûнӹҩ
ǺǣҲ֪Ҿǹ¼ҹˣûеӣûˣһ˭ˣϣҲÿ彫ƿֱӶ
ðɣҲЩЦá
ƺ׵صĵҩ壬ȴһ㶼۾Ͷ˳ͺ񶪳һöһ⡣壬ôˬԸ

ʱҴң꣬ת˲ţ
ǬС磡
Ħʱ֮£ʵѾһǧʱ䡣
ɹˣ
ǲף˫Ŀ
һΧռķ֮ʱֶţЩ֮Ȼ׹䡣һƬռڣеķ֮ʧ
ΪǣеķʧһƬռ·ʧˡڣֳ״̬ǳ졣ԣЩŪʧȥзĵطӦó֮ΪʲôⲻգҲǻ硣
ˣվܡ
Ӱһ뿪ǬС硣
๫
ף
Գ֣߷;ѩϲ
񣬸߷;ѩѾмΡ߷񣬾ѩҲ񡣶ŮٶȣǷǳѸ٣ȾԤϵĻҪϲ١
̸һᣬԱڵѶպӳϹһչ꣬Ҳ֪ˡȻ϶ûмشıʣ򼴱չأҲᱻг˭ʥء
Ƭ̺պӳϱݼԺվ
ʥˣ
峤ϣѾﵽʲΡʥأҲ˴ʹλǿˡպ˵ģǴ峤Ͼͻˣˡ
һϢҲ˷ܵȭ˵
˴峤ͻ֮⣬ʥأ۾롣ˣǶϸȷų̽ӡ˵ĿĶ⣬Ǽʥأеõƺ׵뷨ˣûдﵽռĵ۾
ʥҪҪټǣպӳ˵
żȻǾĥһĥǣ԰ڰʵˣ
Ҳûʲô·ֻǣسϣ⼸ǳԾṥʥƿصĳУеˣв١պӳᵽسϣ̲סҧҧ
쵰̫թˣÿһγֺ󣬶ȥͣ峤ϻһΣسˡسϣռڿռ䷨ǿץסɱѡ
ǵҪУֻѡЩС֡СڣҲÿһǲ۾γءԣʱ䣬س쵰Ǹ˲Сʧպӳϼ˵
سϣĿ
سϣһλǿߣóռ䷨򣬶뾰һռǿߣȷʵܷ㣬ʲǿ߳Ҳܶס
ʥƿصĳкܶ࣬ЩҪУǿǲ۾򡣳жǿĴػе۾ٿأǾԷǿߣҲ󷨵ķǣЩСоͲˣʥǲ۾ػҲûô۾ͷֲ
ˣô´ܵġȻСбǵֱʧܴ󡣵Ӱ죬ͺܲáԳ˵
ǰߣкܶ౳ﶼ˵ʥһԸҪ˵ˡ֪ˣռպӳЩε̾Ϣһ˵
سϣڵ𣿡ʵ
޷ռںܴΧȥ磬ʱֻдŵķʥ˼ǣպӳ̧Ŀԡ
ˣȥɱһ¡
պӳϽسϵٸ߾֮󣬾ԱʩչռޣȻ뿪ɽ


1487 
ǣ
ʥƿصڵһУ˵һС͵ĳС
Ⱦһĳ̸ɽǣҲ΢һЩڵߣ޼ǵĳʥر֧ɽĳԱʵΣ̸ɽǳ÷ǿһ
뿪ɽѾжʱ䡣⼸ʱһֱסںһͨ¥֮ڡ
ûнҲû뺮ǵĳκιͨϵ
֮ԲںǣĿģΪ˶ԸسϡسϣӰȥ٣޷׽ټ
ǰһ̣ڹһУõϢϵҪ½صʱѾʧˡԣҪץˣҲֻʹһЩڣõķ
պӳṩжϣسϿ϶ǡʱ䣬Ҳ̫ãܼܼ꣬ʮꡣǲĻس쵰ض
ȻԲܱ¶Լ֮ûκϵҲһٱ¶سϵõϢӶıм
磬˭֪ʥʥһʵǳǿǿߡǱ֧ɽɽǱʥɻɱġԵʵӹɡ
س֪Ծںǣ
ϲ¾ԣҲǡʥصСͳô࣬αطҪðչأ
ǵ⼸꣬Լû뿪䡣ʱֱ¥㹻񾧣סϼʮʱ䡣
¥ڳԶ΢ͷܽڡһжԶ֪ܺ
سǣǾҲܵһʱ֪ӶͻȻسϳ֡
Ȼ⼸ʱڣҲû͵˹עĶ֮⣬ǬϵʱҲԽԽǿ
ڴģսУǷǳ޴ġǿʦһʤǿʥأвٲʦ
սУ߸˵ʵȻҪʦҲͬˣûʦֵ֧һǽںܴơҲ㣬Լӽʥʦ󣬱Ҳʥʦ
ʱһȥ
ಡ
֮ϣһӹ
ٶȽͺ󣬱Կʵһɫ۵ߡʱӽλáٶȵĽͣòҲ
һЩݵߣǷȥмֿ̱
سϣһλεǿߡ
ĸسΪĸĸȻǼǿġ磬ĸҲ˳֮ΪСͷÿһȨƶܴ
ǡ
سǷЦʱѾԿС
죬ұݻ΢ĺǣ

سϿЦ֮䣬쳹Ц
ʵʥƿصĳУȫԼ˼򱦵ûκιϵ
سĸԾԣżԹǿԣ޲ɱ˾йߡ
ԹԴҪӾԻɱӰ۾˵Ӱ۾ɱ£سϺܲÿӰ۾㳡һɵسϾ÷ǳ
ȻʱظĳϳӢҲڣӢϾûбɱֻӰϱɱسϸԾһֱģǰöԷгЦ˼
˵Եʥصʥ֮󣬾֪ʱҪɱǲܵˡ˵Ժɾɱ˱֧ɽɽӾնɱûϣˡͬʱԾԵĺ˼֡
ΪɽҲԸɱˡɽȷʵнӴΪʥأҲǺķ˲ٵľʱ䡣ΪԼһݹ͵ģȴû뵽ԸֱŪˣۿֵĴһҲɵܸĽܣ
ԣžԺúһ档
㲻ʥʥҾ͹ʥصĳУƴвףҾѡЩСС
㾰ԣҺΣ
سռٶռݾԵơʲǿߣҲ׷ٵԣһѹûУ͵ǻһЩʱϷˡͬʱҲܴʥصźӰ
ǣˣ
ʮʱ䣬ƳǣسϳںϿգ¡¡
Уһɫľ޴
Ц֮ɫľ޴㻯ΪһҫĿĹâݺݵںǵػ֮ϡ


1488 ҵܾ
ɫ⣬ҷųβ棬Яſֱֲײںػϡ
ǵػ󷨣ͬʱҫĿĹΡ಻ϵֵɫĳ
ԶԶȥŵİ쵹Σ񷡣
¡¡
ҵײγɾ޴촫𺳺ǡ
ɫĺ֮£ǵػڽڰˡһСͳУػ󷨣Ȼǵסǿȫġ
سϲϻӶɫشǵ󷨣ܿͿʼ顣ٶȣʱ䣬󷨾ͻᱻ״ݻ١һ󷨲ڣôһоΪҲͲԶˡ
֮ڣߣֵ񷣬ǲ֪롣
ڣҲһƬҡ
ǵĳԣӦǲܿͿʼƳе󷨡Ȼֻһǳٿ֮£ҲǿԵõٷȵ
ڲٿ󷨵ֵسϹͬʱԣҲ̴Ѷɽɽ֧Ԯ
ˣ
ѾȷسڹǺǡǣزסˣܹܽĶԣ˵
Ѿɽȣԣһ˵
ģʥشǹԮʱǵĳп϶ˣǸسҲȻѾԶݡܹҡͷ
ˣϽ߰ɣسϻƳзȴݻٵľǳǿߣǳһסܹܼ˵
Ȱ˵ԣ뿪ǣ϶ᱻسϻɱ
ƣԣܹԣȴǺԥܾܹܵ顣
Ҫй
ܹܳ̾һ
ʵ֪ԣܶһߡȰ˵Ҳֻ԰ˣԴûбжϣ
һͨ¥֮ڡ΢΢һ΢
سϣˣѾúʱԵͳ
ʱںϿյسϣ֪ʥʥüʱ䡣
ȫʩչǿĹֶΣݿĽһ󷨻ƣ
ҿس֮Уһ
飡
һεĹúļ󷨣Ҳȫ鿪γɵΣ̼ʧӰ١ϿŤĿռ䣬谭˲Ϣ֮䣬ǻٵнҲһЩõߣΪޡ

һǣҵҪʥֵܼʲôʱ򣡡سϿЦţĿλãһΪ
ಣ
ʱһɫӰȴǴӳ
سϿɫӰ͸ڽ֮ɫΪûߣ뿪⺮ǡ
ҶˣߣСһ̫ˣسڵһҪ׷ȥɱˡ
˫üΪڶݵʱȥɫӰԶӴ뿪Լڵλýӽ
سЩûӦ
ɫӰȻǾԡ
سϸѾܾˣԵӰͬʱسϲԶ
㡭
سžԡ
ԣǾԣسϣϳ˾ԡ
֮ǰûмԱˣǼԵӰ΢ϣͽ˳سУ΢΢һû뵽ʥʥںǡҿ˵Ӧںǵ˲̵ʱ䡣
سϳԺæܿռ䣬֪С
ĵǣԲһˡԴŸʥǿǿɾЩˡռȻǿҲûκƵġǱǿ߽ΧǼռ޵ЧҲۿۡһǿڸǾ͸Σˡ
سϾͰûиӦǿϢڡҲ˵ڣӦֻоһʥǿڡ
ֻһسϲǺܵġȻԾʵǿԶԶһ𡣵سϣҲһɱȡ˵ĵвԣҪ뿪ǾԻסԼɣ
ûңسϡ
죬뽫سɱسλߣұǺǿǿߡɱسϣǶضɺܴӰ죬ʧһǿߣиĴЧԣôѡ
ӾһصĿռ䣬ѾԵĿռ䷨سʩչռ뿪ɲôˡ
ԣΪƾһˣκң˵ʵн޵УҵҪ㵽ʲô£سϻһɫش
ɫشȻֻζһ£ܷʱ֣ռ֮


1489 ɱس
سȷʵЩɵԵʵֻǼɵη塣
һͷҪߣǴ뾰սһԵʵжǿ
һˣɱԣ̯ϼֶ
貵ĲɫڿռչȥƯ
ʥˣʥصʥˣ
ڵԣˣ׼øˡףԼͲܵסسεǿߡ
ȴ벻ʥصʥ˾ȻںǡʥںҲһʱˡ
ԣ˺ܿ뵽ʥӦþںǵسġ֮ûԼ˽ӴӦ©Ϣ
Ҷˣ
ʥʥˣʥǶܻس𣬿϶ʥ˶֡ԣ˴˵
˶ϲõӦ
ԾʥʵǶġ

꣡
飡
ʱԺسѾɱϣӰΪ⡣
ûʲô̽һ֣ȫԸǿɱʩչ
سϵʵҪҪǿ١ǿɱǷ졣سϵǿֶΣһԿռ䷨Ϊѧ
سϽ֣ܵĿ϶Ȼسϵǿѧǲһ
ȾԵĻ֮سϵѧԶԶˡ֮ԽΪ̺ʱͿռͬʱѾסˮռܡ
˵֮£ȷʵ֡
ɽԻ֮ǿߴ̫ϳϽһΣ̫ϳϣҲֻǽԻ˶ѡ
ԣֻǹȥ˶̶һʱ䣬سѾȫѹƣˡ

ľԣô֮ǿ
ɶ񣡲Уҵ뿪ʥصĵ̣Ǿȥܿиʥǿ߸ʱ߶ѡسת
ˣ
Ծһ򲻹ʥǿߣսܾҪˡ
ԣһ£ãҾȷŹ㣡´㣬ڣسĿԾԺȵ
ܣܵ𣿡Ц
ܣƾ㣬Ҳֻм£ˣҪߣΣس˻
ӰһʩչռޣҪ뿪սȦֻҪ뿪սȦȻһռޣ˲뿪װѾԵ׷
سϸſʥصĵ̷ƾľԼյռҪֶΣҲûڳＸʱﲻϹʥصĳС
ߣûңسϽƵžԡ
𣿡Цҡҡͷ
һƬأѾʹÿռ䷨򸲸سϵʵȷʵǿڿռ䷨ϲھ֮¡سϼգʱڣͳ忪˾ԵĿռ
ռĲسܼɲĵ
ľԣʵȷʵǿ´ɵСĲǡ뿪֮ǰسлš
򣡡Կȵ
ҪսȦسϣֻһɲ˼͵Ľ⧲֮£ڿһ¡ܵķ򣬷·ܵΪֲѹķֱӾͶѿ
һεĿ֣һСƬڵһжŨΪһ㡣
ʲôسϳԾ֮Уһ
Ȼ֣Լ߶ռ֮岢δе뿪˵ءһĳסٶЩ񣬶Ĳ׽Ӱ
ٶȣǿУ˵ǹˡ
˵ˣӲˣԵٴδ뵽سϵĶС
ܣⲻܣ
ԣסңסҵģسϵնŤ˻ߵ˻𣬽߶ޣҪӰ졣
֮£ٶȵǷǳԡ
ֻǣȻѾˡ
籩
籩۵깥Ȼسϸسϵ壬ʱ깥ֱӳ壬سϵ壬ǳԵĲ۾ͨ죬ѪҺ
֮
ûиسϸʱ䣬س屻ͬʱ֮γɵĽӰǴ͸سܵķ
سϣȻоΣѵŤͷɺŻ֮ӰӶɫشӰ
ֻǣһжͽ͵ġɫشͲܵס֮⣬ûسϵ塣֮سϵϣһâŷ
һҽкسϵķѡ


1490 Ӱ
ѿسϵȻҽҪߡ
ڻ֮Ľâɨ֮£سϵɢһɶ
ںǣһСͳϿա
ԽسϵԴͬʱҲϼջڡɱسϣ˵ȻһصĴ
ò˵سϵΪȷʵǿңռʲǿߣس϶ȫлܹѡ
֮Уе߹ǿе߷ǿҲóسϣǺóʵҲһǳóռ򣬻д帨ǿҪɱԣѶҲĻܴ
سȻóϧ˾ԡԵ򣬾ͺܿռ
ټϣԵ籩˷ʤִ֮£ȷʵѵֵʶпС
ʩչ籩ͻȻ˵塣Ȼ֮һɱ
Уûмߣھһ׹֮лֻܻǰߣܵסԵһ׹ɴҲǼΪټġ磬Ҳֻһѡ
ʥˣ
ݼʥˣ
ԣһȺˣسϱɱ󣬷йݼԡ
һȺˣĳȡ
ǣۼʥˣɱسһսĿѣƣþ޷ƽϢ
ʱ˿̣ǲףʥ˾жǿ
Ȼܶ˶˵ʥʵǿᣬվûĿسϱɱ𺳣֮ǰûеġ
ʥĿǰΪʣǵжǿ
λض񣡡ԶЦЦ
ʵҲмʱˣΪ˵سϣһֱû¶档Ц˵
ʥıԶǣҵԣ˶æά˵
ҡҡͷ
ˣسѾҲˡԣάһ³ɣٻ󷨣ҲҪץʱָ԰˰֡
δ£Ѿʧԣǰ
ʥˡûʲôӣ
ǰЩС˵͡
ʥ˺ǿ󰡣سҲպյǿߣʥǰȻӲߡ
ǰʥأϣˡˣ˵ûУѾˣڻʥϡ
˵ˣڣʥأҲλˡսҲûлʤϣ
ǳˣھ뿪ֶ˷ܵһᡣ
سںǱɱϢһ紫ݿ
س𣬱ʥֺɱ
ôܣʥһˣɱسϸʥʵôǿ
ϢʱҲЩšϢܿȷˡʱںǣȷʵֻоʥسϸ˽֡سϸռ򣬿Ҳûѣһ³
˲ðλʥֶΣ
ǰ˵ʥΪɱسϸںʱء
˵ǿЦ֮ǰسϸϹʥƿصĳУʥһֱûʲôܶ˶Ϊʥһûа취ڿʥȫǹġ
šҿʥھʥ£пԿ̶ʱڣʥصʵɾǿһءǴ𣬲Ǵʵļ룬ʥĲС˺ܶࡣ
ڣ߶š
ʥأҲžʥ
ʥأѾкܶܶߣϿʥصʥԡڲ֪УԾʥҲࡣ

򱦵ˣɫЩոյõһϢسˣںǣʥؾԻɱ
˵ʵϢ򱦵˶ЩšҲûϵɱسϡسϼ㲻оԣӦҲ˳Ӿ߲ŶԡΪسϵֶΣ򱦵˲ŻسʥصŰ
ˣ
Ѿȷˡһߣվ򱦵˶棬ͷ
ԣһֽѧӦռ򡣳֮⣬깥ֶΡʱⱦﻹ깥߻˵
ǣسϵɱ̫߶ˡԣԵһЩֶΣҲ˳
ãõĺܣСӣСԴҲòˡ򱦵ĿԵ˵


1491 չ
ĬȻ
ǿƺ׵ˣ򱦵תʵ
һרŵ򱦵˴ׯеõƺ׵󣬱㽫ҩĵʦƺ׵ϡ
ⶼʱȥˡ
ڷ֮Уƺ׵ַǳ¡ԣ뽫˵ĳɷȫٶϻһЩڵĽȣܻҪҵʱ䡣˵
Ǽӿٶȣƺ׵ͨ񵤣ϵشõʦһʱ䲻Ҫˣȫľƺ׵ϡ򱦵Ը˵
ǣ
سϵ˼ǣ㽫˵ɷȫҪоҲǼѡ벹һ䡣
˵ķسϣҲǶʦ򱦵ɫĵ֮һǷֱӸ
ùôֻ࣬Ҫƺ׵ĲϷƣһо򱦵˰ڰ֡
ˣȥɣˣسѾˣĿǰȱһ£˭ʵΡ򱦵˵
ǣ˹뿪
ԽԽ˼ˣԣԣ򱦵˵ͳڿյǻ

سϱʥɱϢʥأҲȻ󲨡
Ǳ֧ɽĳԱϢеܣ֧ɽԱԴҲǾΪ֮һ֧ɽߣԾʥϿɶȣǴȵ
֧ɽϣѾֱˡÿÿᵽԵʱ򣬶ǳƺʥˡ̬УҲ͸֮⡣
֧ɽĸ߲ԱϿɣʥص֧ɽȷʵԽԽŽᡣ
ȻԴӾԵʥ֮ʥصĿ׳ЧҲһࡣʥʵӰҲǷǿЧȻÿһʥسԱ⿴ġ
ɱسϻصɽֽ˱չ֮С
ȻѾǿǣҪԸȻԶԶλĵ򱦵ˣʥʦݣΪϣҲǿò˼顣մ糤Ϻʹ峤֪λ򱦵˵ʵ֮ϡ
ԣԽ˷֮СԽ뵽֮Уûܳɹ򣬶޷֮ϡ
ȷһ󣬾Ա㿪ʼزľͺ
չİ󣬾һռľ򣬲ҽľ뵽֮Сɴˣ֮ٴδȵ
ʱȥİ꣬Ħʱ֮£һǧʱ䡣
ռľ󣬾ԵһĿ꣬Ǻ򡣲һΣȴصƿʱ䲻ϲȴʼղռ
ҲþʶԼҪռ򣬿²һֱչؾġ
ҲЩˣΪ峤ߣһֱһֻռһֻռգ˵ӦǴһεϰ޷оϰڤڤУϰӦʵڵġ
Ϊһֻ߽ɱ䵽ռǻϾǵڽʲˡ
ռʱ޷գԱ㽫͵ϡ
ڼ䣬˲ٵĶҩЩУƺ׵ƺ׵ˮƺ׵Ϳľƺ׵Ϊݲϵϡ٣⼸ֵҩҲ޷ģȫѼֲϣҲֻƳҩ
ϣ˼侪˵Ľ
ǬĲΣжϣԼӦѾﵽʥʦĲˡϻûдﵽʥʦΣȴȿһﵽʥʦĲΡ
ҲǣȫûϵˡƺԼϵ츳ȵϵ츳ǿһЩ
Ҫ֪ϻѵʱ䣬ԶԶûе϶ࡣȴȵһʥΡ
һգ΢΢һ
ţңͷһת뿪ǬС硣
ӻɱسϺ󣬾ԲѾ˳ǧꡣĦʱ£Ҳ˳ʱ䡣
ôʱҲֻǬСڳһΡֱڣΪңٴγ
峤ϣңʥǿߴ峤ϡ
ԡ峤ϵͷ
ʲô飿ʵ
֪ûн飬峤ϱضԼչء
ʦǧˣصˡҸӦˣԲŹʥ㡣ʦʱٴ뿪ԵȲãϣûŵʥ峤ЩǸ˵
ûдŵǧǰںδȥҲ΢΢һ


1492 Դ
̶һ۵ĵط
̶ϣһҹۣվһӣŵͣһʯ
̶һ۾Ϳ˹ۺͻӡ
ӿͨƷе̡ԴʱĿȴһĨȻɫ
ΪȻȫ޷֪ӵĴڡ
Եǿ󣿾ľԣһֱΪԼ֮ӦǿġڣȻ޷ӦڵĻӴڡ
Լ۾ܹ϶Ϊûκˡ
ͬʱҲȷӦþԼҪҵˣҲǧˣ峤ϵʦ뿪һʱ콾
ӣ·ȫ뵽Ȼ֮Уþԣһʱ䲻֪òýӽȥ
ˣҾ͵źˡ
ǧǰ϶֪ˡҾ͵ţȽҡת
ʱһȥ
һȣһꡣ
һʱǧһֱĶӾԵһۿǧ˷·һָûжеĵͣҲδ
ɣ
ʱһʵ״뾰ԵĶʡ
΢΢һ㶺󣬲Ȼʶǧڽȥ΢΢һ𣬾Ľӽ˹ȥ
㵣ʥصʥʥصˡעʥزø𡣡ǧ˲δԣžԡ
ǰˣ΢΢ͬҲЩԾǧѾ֪Լݡ
ҵңӦǴİɣǧ˵
ȷʵǴ峤ϸҵģ˵ǰص磬˵ǰ̶Ե˵ͷ
ţǧˣ·ǵһͷ
˵ԣȥɣʥսǲġһУҲ޹ءҺܿͻٴ뿪ˡ
ǰˣæ
ǰʥضԸġ峤˵ǰһ½ࡣǰȻ֪ʥʥ֪ܲҵĵ룬ܰæԼ˵
ˣڵӣѾϰˡ
˵ָܻһˣûʲô𡣡ǧ˵ûκβ
ʱת˾ԡ
ԣͬҲǧ˵òһţǳþԷǳ⡣
һֱΪǧ˻ߵӡû뵽ǧò˵ᡣȻϣһֲɣζȴķǳᡣ
ǧ˵仰Ҳþһֵĸо֪ΪʲôԾԼ·ܸ֪ǧ˵ľ仰ǧʵ뷨Υ֮ԡ
Բ֪Լ˵ʲôˡ
ȻˣҲ֮Ե֡ѾҪˣ͸㣬ǸĴ˼ɣǧָ΢΢һһɫ㵽˾ǰ
˲ϳɫ壬бԴеĺԴ
̲סֽӹԴٿǰʱǧӰѾˡԾԵʵȻûзǧʲôʱ뿪ġ
⡭
ǧˣѵѾˣкݺݵһ¡
ʵ޷ţһʲεԼǰ˺޺ۼ뿪ھԿΨһĽֻͣǧѾ
ԣмǣҪΪرġֻܹرģһ˿ϣΪ𡣡ǧ翵صھܡ
лǰָ㣡Ĺ
̶פ˺һᣬԲŷ뿪
һǧˣľȷʵǾû뵽ġԭΪܹλŮӡţԼܽǧ˵ĵָǧ˶ԼøС
ڵʵȴǣǧ˸ûԡȴʮ֮һбԴԼһԼҪĺԴ
ֻУֻкûдﵽռڣ˺Դһɵ߳ȥһֻռôԼϾͿ֮ˡ
еĺԴȷʵ˷ܵԽȻ뵽ǧ͸ԼԴѵǿԼĺûдﵽռ
⣬̫ˣ
Լȫûʩչܣûʩչǧˣ֪ԼֻкûдﵽռεģҪ֪ԴֻԼһ֪ûеڶ֪߷;ѩ֪
ǧˣһ𣡡϶ǧѾ
ôˣȲ򣡡΢΢һӰ˸֮䣬ǽǬС硣


1493 
ֻ򣬾𡢿ľסˮռǷȱľǺռ
һպռ򣬾ԵĻͽԲʲεĴţҲԾԴ򿪡
ΪˣԲŻȲҪռ
ǬС磬Ħʱʮʱ䡣֮ԴܣԶԷּܳα
֮ǰԲռһƿԸоƿԼͨ򵥱չؾͿͻƵġԣʱɱռ򡣿񣬻Եɺϵõ֮ԴôƿӦþͿɶˡ
羰Ԥϵ֮Դĸ֮£ԶԺɱ䣬ȷʵ˽չȻٶȻѾȷһ㣬Լĺɱ䵽ռѾֻʱˡ
ڵõ֮Դ֮ǰɱռûκνչһ£㻨ٶʱҲáڣξȫһˡ
ʱȥӽʮʱ䣬ĦʱʱҲǹȥʱ䡣
ԣռ
򣬴ﵽԲΡ
һ֣õĸоֻռֻռŷǳ޴ĲͬоЩˣΪֻֻռܿʲΡ
ռ֮󣬾û̳أǼռ뵽֮
֮ǰѾֻռܡһֻռѶȲ֪ٱǾԵǿֻ¶
ڣȻѣٶҲգԻǳɹˡ
֮ȫֻռ֮Ҳǵõʵɱ䡣ԶóԣҲܸоڵĻ֮жôǿ
ڵĻ֮ʩչֻһܻɱسǿߡ
΢΢˵ͷ뿪ǬС硣һαչأʱԼ˰ңҲǧҵʱ䡣
ţԸоѶʯ춯һתȡѶʯ
ѵˣ
峤ǣҴѶһ
ռޣ
ʩչռ˲ɽȥܿ죬Ծͽɽ
պӳϣԻ̾ӭպӳϣȻһֱʥ֮⡣ʱɫأĿзŭĻ档
պӳϣʲôʵ
ʥˡպӳ۾ˡ
̫ϳϣˣպӵߡ
ʲôһ㶡
̫ϳˣ
ôܣ
̫ϳϣεǿߡ磬ܹ̫ϳϲв߶ࡣ̫ϳϣô
ʥ̫ϳɣкԴϵȶλ۾ͶγϣҲǰսǵʧǳ޴󣡡պӳžԣҧݡ
ΪŭҵĲš
ô£סȫѪҺ
һ뿪ɽҲͰʱ䡣һʱ䣬˵Ǻܶݵġ̶̵һ꣬ôᷢĴ£
̫ϳϣô£򱦵ɽҲ̫ܹɽοɽǿߴ
ׯףǱ޳ܵСˣĶҺ޲ýʬΣպӳĿУ˸ų޵Ĺâ
ׯףպӳϣ˵ׯףüʵ
ٰʱ򣬾Լׯ׺ϻ䡣һμġʱԶׯ׵ӡ㲻Ϊֵ£Ķ
ڿ̫ϳϵ˵ׯֱӵĹϵ
ԣСˣ޳ܵĻ쵰ԭͶȴһֱװ־ӡպӳϵͷ
ǰׯͻȻѶǣ˵Ҫɽ̸˵顣
һȺϣϢܸˡׯһڣʥˣȻǺ¡ʥȻɽ룬ʥҲԲܾˡպӳƺƽһЩ˵
Եͷ
ׯӵСˣȷʵˣڲǿߣڶҲ˳ʥص򡣿ǣǽʥص򲻾ú󣬾ͻȻѶϢ˵ǿߵĽɱ
Ϣ飬ԮڵˡǴҪ˵ģǵĵڱɱ޶ԣ϶ǲ׵ġպӼ˵


1494 ɱ֮
Ѿܲ³̫ϳɵԭˡ
ȻպӳϽĻ֤˾ԵĲ²⡣
ʱΪʥ㲻ɽֻЩԼǾԮڵˡ̫ϳϣԴһ֧飬ȥԮɱˡ˭뵽Ȼһ塣
̫ϳǰԮ֮ǰҲ̽ȷʵһλڶǿߣΧڵˡΪ̽Եʱ϶ׯ׵˱ɱġպӳЩ˵
Ǹ鱨ġ
̫ϳϵ˵䣬ֱεġãԼ鱨ûãŻ̫ϳϵ
ĸӦҲߣѵʥصкüüʵ
ǣֻһθһȺ۾߽ǵĵ̫ϳϾãǰԮԽ⡣
ǡׯ׵˱ΧȫװġΪţҲһЩ޹ؽҪˡպӳҡͷ˵
Ҳ˵ϴ˵ִ֮ׯ׵ˣֹϵˣԵ
û
ҲλֹϾ㲻УҲܼסҵõϢ󣬱ҵ峤ϣ峤Ҳ̶ǰ
ǣٴû뵽ڵԱУȻͼʡպӳ˫ȭգֱ߸߱
ͼʣҲ֪ǿߡλ֪ģһ򱦵ˣһλͼʡ
ͼװıòڵĳԱУûǰǵĵ֮ڡͼͻȻֹϣϺܿͱɱˡ峤ϵִʱϵ˶Ѿȫս
ׯ׵˶ٶ뿪ͼʲδ뿪ƺҪɱʥصߡڴ峤ϵִ󣬱ͼʽ֡һɱ֮󣬴峤ϣҲû취´뿪ͼʡպӳε˵
ׯףԷŭĵͺһ
ʱޱȵķŭķŭҪׯ쵰ʥǵжԵĹϵʹһЩֶɱʥصߣҲԤϵġǣׯĶȴǸɶ񡢸ɺޡ
ˣʥضΣȻ壬ɱʥص̫ϳϵˡ
ɱڣ޲ҵˣɱҪɱˣҪ״ݻڡ
ʥˣ
ʱ򣬴峤Ҳʥǰ
ţû뵽뿪ʱȻ顣Կ峤˵
ǰޱȵķŭҵʱȻٶȸȥһûܾǡ峤̾һЩǸ˵
峤ϣ²ܹ㡣Ҫ˵ΣҵҲܴû뿪ɽͲ顣ҡͷ˵
ʥ㲻ܽԼͷϡɽҲǰ֪ׯͶ֪޷˱Աɱ޶ԡңԴȥԮǿܡպӳ˵û˵ȥ
Ժʹ嶼֪պӵ˼
պӳ˵ģȷʵҲе˵ׯ׺ȦףǴԸʥġȥ峤ϵʦǧ£Ӧǲ֪ġɽû֪
ԣǵ壬ܾܿרԾԡ
Ĵȥˣ˵ᱻͼɱպռ֮ǰȻܹǿ߶ԿһҲȫǿߡټϣͼҲпΪɱԶ׼һЩֶΡ
϶ͶԾԵֶϸоԾԵʵ˽⡣ҪԸԣȻȫ׼ԣʱǾȥԮкܴܻ
պӳϣׯڣںδʵ
һֱעׯ׵٣ȷڣ֮ڡУĻƸҲһֱǡպӳ˵
ǣ
ʥأҪȽǶˡ۾𣬵ͳ˵
ɽΣʵ
ʥԴһǧʱһ۾һɢޣʥءӼǰЩв֣˱뷨ǣȻû뿪ɽҪΪʥЧܲ˳պҡͷ˵


1495 ȫ濪ս
ЩɢޣʱںѶʥزĹС֮ԼʥأҪԭϣӾеõ񵤣ƺ׵ҵҩ
̫ϳϱɱ£ҲԭͲ˼Ӳδ뿪ʥأȥʱ뿪
պӳϣ㽫Щɢ߶еʥ̸̸룬պӳ˵
áպӦ
ʥ
۾ɢޣһɢޣ½Щɢ޼ԣҲ
λǾԡ
Ҫʥأӭǵļ롣
ϻҾͲ˵ˣҲ֪ʥһ˷ǳŭ顣ҲȻʥأɶﲢ޹С˵˾ǣʥΪûֱӵĹ
ΪʥЧǱϻͬ⡣ʵϣδԸĳ
һҪмѡʥءֻ˵һ仰ѡʥأȷģ
һЩ񵤣ھ͸ǡ
һ֣һƿתɳ
Щ񵤣Ȼûƺ׵֮ĵҩλȻкܴİ֪õƺ׵֮ĵҩ൤ҩǳϡ٣ҲͳҿԸǣֻҪΪʥؽƺ׵ƺ׵ȵȵҩҶԵǡ
Խ˵š
Щɢ޶ʥûйвҪԿʹõҩֶΣЧõĵҩǾҪȻ͵òҩ
ڳɢޣĿⲨžԡԴǼʥأ⻹ǵһμʥҲû뵽Ի͵ҩǡȻûƺ׵ȵҩЩ쵤ȶ񵤣Ҳ쳣ġ
ʥҼȻʥأʥصĳԱʥսԸ߾ȫΨһɢޱ̬ˡ
ɢ޶̬۾Ҳ̬ǲǾĽԼʥصĳԱƺ׵ȵҩȷʵž޴ջ󡣾ʥ˵ˣֻҪ´ͣܵõ൤ҩ
Ե̬ףֻҪԾͲĸǽ
ܺãҾͲλ˵ˡվ˵˵ͷ˵
ɢޣ뿪ʥ
ֽպӳϣ֪֧ͨɽɽɽ
֮ʥԺ֧ɽɽһЩ̫ϳϻ档
λɽӦ֪̫ϳϵˡתĿɨˡ
ţոշãǾͶõϢ֧ɽɽͷ
ׯףǿɶ񣡡־ɽҲҧ˵
ϡ֧ɽݴɽϣЩȻ
԰ڰ˵ҽλΪ廳ġѾ޷ı䡣֮ټҹҪ˵ׯױɱˡɱʥصʿģ
ʥˣǶׯǾ֪ׯһֱ֮ڡǣɱ֧ɽɽĿʵ
ǰʳҲɱׯסңڻһλƸҲǿߡƾǵػǿҲΪһ̫ϳ˵
ʥˣǲʲô뷨糤žԡ
ҵ뷨ܼ򵥣ʥأȫ濪սǣûбҪȥˡҸоõǲսҲֹͣǵĶֻԽԽԣսٲ߾ʥؾ˵

ʲô
ȫ濪ս
ԵĻڳ˶¶֮ɫ
ڱȽʥʵʥȻǴơȫ濪սǿɾͺճˣ˵ʥػ᳹׸
ʥ˵ģͬڿѾȥˣѾʥصڿɱǵ̫ϳϡѾսˣǾҲһиĶ峤ϳ˵
˶Ĭ
ʵǶʥʹ峤˵е
ǰʥɱسϡǣʱسʥصڹʥصĳУԻɱسϣǺ飬Ǿȥɱسϡ
ǰֱӾׯ׺ıʥصڣɱ̫ϳϵˡ
ⲻսʲô
ʥضԴ˳ٳٲֻ̬ӣֻ޼ɵ


1496 һ˶
˶ʥԡ
ʥʲô뷨𣿡ɽʵ
սֻƾʥڵǲеġǣҪǿɸɢ޼롣һЩ뷨ö񵤣ڶɢǿΪǶսݵİ취ˡ˵
ʥڵʵȷʵԻٵ˫ȫɱܾܿ˵ĽԲϣʥ˴ľ档
ԵĻ˶˵ͷʥ˵ģȷʵһеİ취ʥƺ׵ĵҩûеģ˵¶һݡ൤ҩԵ۾ױȵƾ൤ҩøɢǿ߲սȷʵǿԡ
ҪǱռѾܳʱˣǣʥ˵кܴ˵
ʥҪǲסʥأ϶ص㱣ǡڣһǳ֣Ҳضǲǿǰ־ɽҡҡͷ˵
һˡ
ԣǱҪ䲻⡣ûзӦ֮ǰǡ˵
ǣͽҡ⡣
ʲô
ʥ˼ǣȻԡ
˼ǣһȥ˵峤ϣ֮һ̴Ѷ㡣Ȼٴ֮󣬾Բٱ¡
ʥһǣ峤ҲЩžԡ
һȥǣȷʵԳ䲻⡣վԵ٣ǣһǣǿߣǴʹλʳҲδ
ΪʱܻǣԮͻִ
뵣ģд㣬ⲻ󡣡ŵ
ƿ֮ͻ߲ǿġЩһҲʥʵҪܵĲǼһ
ѾҩɾˣһӦȡĻᡣ٣⼸һĿǰȫѾתĿ˵
պӳϣһ£ŵһ
պӳһֱȺԽ̽
պӳϣ׼һ£˽ս͵ͬʱսϢٶȴ硣ԶպӳϷԸ˵
ǣպӳӦ
λɽǾɽҵϢֿ֧ɽɽ˵
£Ա뿪ʥ
ڵˣ
糤ϣǾɵţʥһǰǣ᲻Σգǣǲ˸ʥҲǰǣ֧ɽɽ־򴵷̫ϳʵ
أ˼лҡҡͷ
ʥȻһǰǣǱضɡ绺˵ðȻǲ˸ǰ׾ͻᱻͿӰ쵽ʥļƻ
糤˵û峤Ҳ˵ʥӵռǿߣҲһԱȻҪϢǵűǡ
ңԾʥٶȣһ˳ҲҪ̫þͻϢԣҪģ׼ʱǰС峤ϼ˵
˶ͷ

ǣ
˲֪ĳУǰҲʥΪҪĳСֻʥؾѺȴǿ˹ȥ
ҲաԴ˴ҪϣեȡԴ
ǵĳڡ
Ƹǧʱ䡣Դһǧǰ㳡Ӱ۾ԻɱͶǼǿ˷ʱʼǡ
λǿǹʥشҲԼֵǿ߾Ԯ
ʱλƸׯơׯףڼ֮ǰɱʥ̫ϳϺ󣬲žסǣ궼û뿪ǡ
̸Ҿ㣡ׯɫ΢죬յ
ˣ˵յʹ
ʱ䣬ׯףúܡΪɱʥ̫ϳϵĹͣǶõʹ͡
˵ǴǵıЩϧûܽǾԸСáׯһϧ顣


1497 
ׯ׺֮ǰ򱦵˰нӴ֪򱦵˵ǿ󣬱ԥͶ뵽
Ȼ򱦵˽Ӵ·ǳΣֻׯ׺򱦵˱֪ÿ򱦵ׯ׼棬ҲСģĸ߲ﶼ޲
ֱǰׯ׵£ɱɽ̫ϳ֮ĸ߲֪ׯԭˡ
һõ壬ȷʵҲǽĿ׼ʥġׯ׵ˣ֪Եʱɽׯ׵ˣϣܽ˻вʥû˾ԣֻܿصȥķѵ״̬вܽʥȫɵ
ȷʵǺܿϧûܳԣֻɱһʵ̫ϳϡҲ㲻ׯûаװױ¶
ׯʵǵҲ˵ǾСд˵ˣԵϡҪɱһ׵顣ЦЦ˵
ҲǣǾһëͷСӣִʥءȷʵһܹǿǵǰҲǲһׯ˵򱦵˵ʱϾǳ֮ɫ
Ȼԣȣ
ǵˣʱʲôʱʥǾްԼĴڣ˭뵽һֵǿѹʥصĵزһԺ
Ⱦƣ
ȣ˴ʹơ
䡭
ʱһ𶯲ȴǾҵĵţһϿպ
ׯ׺˶΢΢һ㶣̧ͷա
֮ϣ񱩵ˮһĴӡ
ô£
ˣɴ۾ŭȵ
Ƭ̺һӰׯǰˣڵĳһߡ
ȻǳƸǰƨ㲻ϡ⼸סڳֻܰǰһź
ˣ
ǣ⵽˹ˡͷЩη˵
˶˭ҹǣòͷˣɱȻȵ
˵˵˭ڹǣׯһʵ
ڻȷѾڲ֤ԺӦþϢ亹ð˳
ܹ֮ǰûκףȻҪ֤󣬲֪ʲôڹ
ҪãϣһɺƵѹ
ˣɫҰס
ʱĴѶʯѶϢȡѶʯһ¶Źֵɫ
ˣѾ֤ˣеˣʥʥԡæ˵
ԣ
ڹǣ
䣡һ촫ǿУ·֮һ¡
ˣѾȷǾڹǡ
˶ˣ԰ʥأдԱ뿪ǰǣôûеõϢ
ղׯϺȾƵʱ򣬷·ȫԿһһëͷСӡǣëͷСӣȴܻɱسϵĴڡ
ڹǣЩš
ʱֻһˣжϲǾӦԼġһ˵
ȷʵʥǲִǣôܺף鱨ĳԱֲɵӣѵʥ˴Ķ̽
ҲֻһܣǾǾһ˹ģԲûǰõκϢ
һˣ

Сģ˵һڹǣʱЦ
ׯȴǱ˵Ǿʵ˵ǿֻ֣Ҳ޷ɱ
ׯ׶ԾԣЩġû뾰ԽֹǵϾԻɱʱڳģĿǿ̶ʱھС
ׯģ֪ǾԺǿȻ沫ɱֻҪųػסǾԣͼ˸СӻɣػڣСĪǻܻƴ󹥻ǲɣЦһ
˵ׯҲɳһ£һȾͳػ󱣻Ǿ沫ɱׯҲȥ뾰ɱ治֪ôӦԡĵףǲԸ뾰沫ɱġ
ׯߣǣȥһСӡѾ֪ͨͼˣֻҪסյʱ䣬ͼ˾ܸϵʱС־ͱˣЩ˷ܵĻӶֱ۵


1498 ҺΣ
ׯҲż
ܽ˻ɱʥʥԣǾǴһɱԵͼˣׯ׻еظҲд͡
ȻǰҪסֱͼ˴ܲ
ׯˣһȺǿߣٳ˳ȥ
䣡
Իӳǵػϡ
ǵ󷨣ȷʵǿһγĺӦ˴ͬеĹҪƿǿҲϼʱ䡣֮ϣ·ǡ
ն⼸Ҳػ󷨵ܡ
ȷڵʵȫԸҲ޷ʱ俿Ǵ俪
ԣҪ󣬻ҪԼϵڵľԣһʥʦ磬֮УϵҲġ
ƾټǿҪƿǵĴ󣬾Ͳôˡ
֮Ը˵Լһ˶ǣҲΪԼš

Сôĵӣ
Ѿ˾Ե·̧ͷžԡǣҲ뿪дıֻվžԽ
ǲ֪Ķׯһ˵
ׯףԷŭɨׯס
쵰Դʱ˿̣ɱˣׯסҪɱׯףҪƿд󡣷ԼĹ͸ׯγ˺
籩Ч͸󷨣Ըһǿߣ籩Ҳ޷ֱҪ˶ԷҲֻܶһ˰ˡ
С㺰үүʲôɱңб£ֻүүվҪûǸֶΡׯ׿Ľк
뾰Գ˺ƤˣҲûҪ˼ʲôʱ˵ҲԲΪ̬ȶɱ
ׯףġ죬ؽ֮ءҪڣҲɢԵͳڳϿջص
ڣߣҲ綼ע⵽˾ԡ
ϾԷŵ̽ɲСڳڵߣ˭Ӧ̶̵ʱܾ;ۼ˴ߡЩ߿ϵľԣһһ
磬˭֪ʥʥ
Ϊ֪ԣһ𾪡ʥصʥȻһǣ
ʥ湻ģһ˾Ȼǣһ˿˵
һǧǰʥ㳡նɱӰ۾һ˵
ôȣʱ˭ʶʥңʱԻʥصʥǣҲûǿءΣȫһˡ
˵Ҳǣ
֮УʥɾͻɱسһˣׯҲɱɣһߣ˵
Ӧˡ򣬾ʥҲɵͶ
̫޴ˣưɣׯˣ϶뿪ػ뾰ʥɱġǣô뾰ʥʱ䡣Ц
԰ȻѾѶ֪ܲͨǿ߹ˡʥͣһᣬҪǿߡʱ򣬿¾Σˣ˷Ӧ˹

С󡣺ðɣҲƽϣܿҲһˡׯһȫı˵
֪ң޲ɱңΪƸʥصˣΣҾҺΣʵӦң˲ϼһС֡ϧ㵱ʱû֣ׯ˵ǿϧı顣
ڹ⼤ŭԡ
СһУʱǲٿعԷ
һѤ⣬žԺɱ˹ȥ
ǿߵĲٿ֮£ǴĹֲܶܣ׺ޱȵžλѹȥ֮ռֱѤõĹâ֮ϡ
ֱһӣһ֮˲Ϣ֮γһϡ󣬾Ե̽ǡ
ԵڿѰǴ󷨵ĺŦ󷨵ĺģҲǴΪĲֻ֡ҪҵԾԵʵͼ򵥶ˡȻ㣬ҪҵǴˡ
Բٿصķ֮ٿصĹȫĵֵȻвܻǻṥԵ壬Դɳܲдܡ


1499 ¾
ھֵܹס󹥻һ㣬һ㶼⡣ǣӿʼûָǹ󷨾ͿԻɱǿߡ
︺ٿعӰ쾰ԣׯǸƾԡ
ǣֻһĿģʱ䣬ȵͼʸ
ʱԵѰһ󷨵ǵ󷨼࣬ҲλڲͬλáһѰҲΪķʱ䡣ǾѾʥʦҵ󷨵ǲ̫ʵ
ż⹥һ󷨣÷󷨡󷨴ƵʵתԼҵڡ
յʱȥ֮
ջ󲿷󷨵Ѿȷλá
ׯףҷ˵ˣضɭȻĿ⣬ٴׯ׵ϡ
ƿСԲѡүүҾ͵ɱңׯ׼Цš
ʱ򣬾̧еĲϼ
֮
ƣ
һɵĽӰ֣Ӱ֮УԿɫĹšңһӰ֮Уֻ̺ռܡ
ӰڿռһѸޱȵ·˹ȥ
飡
꣡
һ֮󣬱㴫ϸܵ
ǵϿգһâ˸ʧӰĺ֮£۵µĭһ׷ըɢ
ֻǺʱ䣬ǵĴ󷨣ͱݻ˴롣ֽϻһɢ
һĻе˶ɵˡ
۾ԲŵĿϿʧĹĻ޷ſһжģԼͲٿǵĴĸ֪һܵɢЩŻӦµ󷨲̼ʧȥ˴롣
ô£ׯҲ񣬶ʵ
ׯ仰ոº󣬾Ѿڶδ߶֮һ㽫󲿷ֵ󷨴ݻ١ڶ֮󣬾ѾҪȥˡʵʣ󷨣Ϳɸ㶨
ꡭ
ϸܵϿڶ֮ĽӰʧǵĴѾʧøɸɾһУȫչ¶ھԵǰ
ׯףڵˣһϼ·ׯ׶Ȼһ̣
ׯʱҲӦʶʲô顣ɫҰףһĽӰĴ߶ʱ򣬱ƴˡдıѾûУֻԼʵ뾰
ķӦҲܿ죬ȵһϣҾͲͷۣ
ǳڶǿߣ׷׳֡
ǣڵľǰǵʵвԡûռʱ򣬾ѹЩѰǿߣοڻԲľԣ
ۡ
ڻ֮Ӱ֮£·˵ĹݿĻơ

ⲻܣ
ô֮ǿ֮ǿ̸ңңׯ׷˻
ԵһĿȻӰδֽѾоϢ֡ԤУԵסһ
￴ׯһۣɫͬһƬҰס
㣿˭ӣ
ͼˣ졭ǼֲסˣȡѶʯޱȵķߴٵѶϢͼʡ
˻~
ʵĽӰׯ׵塣ׯʱƴҪߣûռٶȻ֮Ӱ죬Ӱ׷ϣγɵĹĻѣֱӱӰڿлΪޣֻһЩӿе
Ӷɳ
ׯ׵ʵǲġھԵĹ֮£ׯȻһסԵʵڴȻûпšûпţǱȴиΪ¡еľԣҲûﵽһͻɱߵĵز
ʱѾˣ
֪˿£ͲӦǡ

ʥס֣ס֣ｹžԺ
ƸɱңضʥؿսʱʥؽѪɺӣʱﻹв԰֣ƺˣسϾھУǼǰŷ顣
תĿЦһвϼһӣһӰ֣Ϯɱ˹ȥ
ۣ³ׯһʬ޴档
ǵ壬ͬʱȫûĻᡣ
ׯ׶ѾĳˣﻹаƴͷһƴӴܣֻбסС뷨
ǣԲûдŹǡھ֮ǰѾҪǵԱ¾ɾ


1500 ͼ
Եֱ꣬ÿһǳĳԱЩԱٶȻǱԵ֮ǵĽ־Ѿעˡ
һɫڿռڼٴһԱ׷ױɱ˳Ƕǿ֮⣬ǳԱвٶ硣ھǰǵʵ̫Сˡ
ֻǼʱ䣬ʮԱȫɱʬ޴档Դ߶Ľ̫ˣЩ˵ķ͵ֵסﱻ˺֮ЩߵâӹֱӻΪ촷ۡ
ǣ㳡ĲԱ˵ˡ
㳡ڶԱ˵ǱʥʥԺҲæֵֻǣǺܿ͵õׯϢϢͷҲصֱӴ뿪ǣŵԱס
ڣߣһˡ
ʥȻһˣͻλصǡ
ûԤϵ
ǰǻþʥǶͣһᣬͿܲǿ߻ɱû뵽ǣׯȻôͱɱǱٵλɱҲͰյһЩʱ䡣
һпЩãһʱԽܡ
ͬʱһӰٵĵֽǡ
ˣǿ֮һͼʡڵõѶ󣬾̴ٶȸ
ڰ·ϣٴνӵĴѶ˵ǵֵסˡʱͼʣһ
ͼ벻֮ǰоѾԻƣׯǿ߾
ˣͼߣѾǡ
ô£
˵ǾСڹ𣿡
һ㶯ûУѵǾСѾˣǷûסԣСӣǽթúܣҰһˡͼɵĿԶǡ
Ȼɣٶûмӽǡ˽֮ͫױȻһ֣ǵƺȫʧˡ
ǲѰ顣
һ£һеػ󷨲ȫرաΪ˽ʡԴģҲԲὫе󷨶ֹͣתûػĳУ׾ͻ⵽ƻ
ͼ
ʱһӳĳ
ţɫӰж֮ϣĿͼڵλá
ԣͼԣһ۾˳
пһ¡
ԣȻǴӳ֮ڷġôׯںδѵĹǣׯˣ
ĶȻûмʱѶң
ͼһ䣬ǲŭԾԶߡͼҲ֪ûгдĸͺǾԵĶ֡ջǣЩߺ󣬾ȻûмʱѶ֪ͨԼ
ͼĪׯ׺΢Уͼͳ˵
ߣ
ԣ㵨ӵǲСڱǰ˷ͼһӶžԡ
ͼҲ㣬㣿Ц˵ˣҿԸ㣬ׯ׺ѾɱʵӦ뵽ǶˣׯСˣлĻ᣿
˵ʲôͼϢһŵĿžԡ
˵ʲôӦúˣҲظǣвϼٴֳ
ͼһŭжһɫ̵ֱ̧žһС
ʱ֮ڣ۾ա
ЩߣžʥͼʡʥʵҲʶˣһ˻ػɱǿߺʮĳԱ
ںܶ˿ʥʵѾԽ𣬿Ҳ̤ʲˡڣʥͼʽ֣Ľأ
ͼʣɱʥ
飡
ɲ֮䣬ԱѾͼ˵һν档뽣Ӱڿռײأ֮һ¡

СʵΪ֮ǿ
ѵׯĶɱˣһν֣ͼʾʶԵʵǿò˼顣
ͷһߣû뾰ɱȥĵĴ㡣һУ֪ѾһɱˡɱȥҲòҪĽȻ׷ʲôҲ֪ԵʵΪα֮ǿͼʻǴ뿪ܲ򱦵˵
ಣͼʼȥ


1501 ϯʦ
ͼɴߣԲδȥ
ΪҲףԼʵȫԸҲֻѹͼѽɱԣȻͼҪߣߺˡ
Ȼֻռ򣬻ԲҾʲΣǲ˰벽̤ʾ磬ӦñԻɱͼʡͷתԼʵ
ֻռʲξͺܽӽˡ⣬̤ʾֻʱ⡣༸꣬Ծܳɾ֮λ
񵱳ҲڻԲ󣬹˼̤ʲΡ
ϣͼӰʧԷصǡ
Ѿ½ǴжءһҪסǣٽǶȥ
Ҫģ޸ػ
ڹǵʱȻдŦ顣ЩĽṹ϶ġԾԵڶʱ佫󷨻ָҼԸĽܸǿ
ھԻǴɱׯ׺˺󣬾Ծ͸ɽĴ峤ϴѶǡ
ǱһƣͨûֱӵĹڣлЩңҪȶ㳡ǱߣѾ໥ɱ¼ⶼҪʥسԱά
֮ʥسԱ½ǣʼƿС
ǵĳǱ
ڳһ֮ڡ
ݼʥˣһ۳ϣھǰݡ
ߣΪֻΡʥȴŷͬѰĵλһʦʥϯʦ׳ʥʦ顣
׳ϣض񡣡һ֣ӳһ׳ϴӵϷ
׳θ峤ϵһͬǣִ֪֮ʥƾһĶǣҲޱȵ𾪡
Ȼ𾪵ĲһˣеʥسԱǳԾ峤λǿߡȻʥʥɽ˵аնǣʼûסֱڣȷʥ
ʥˣʥصʦѾ׼ʱԿʼָػ󷨣׳϶Ծ˵
ʶΪʥЩʦǣΪ˸ǵػ󷨡
ʥ׳ϣҲЯ㹻ĲϣԲ󷨡峤һҲ˵
Цſһۡ
ǵ󷨣ѾָҸĽһ֡ʣµģʱҪָҡҡͷ˵
һЩͨ󷨣ָҲû̫áڣǵȻǰ࣬ػȴԵĳǰˡ
׳΢΢һ㶡
峤ϣҲ̧üɻ˿ԡ
ʥˣ޸Ľ󷨣ô£ʥ˲ǵʦʲôʱ޸Ľˣ
û˵ĳԾ˵׳ϣô峤ϣʦ鶼ǹҪ޸ǵػ󷨡ǣ񽻸ȥ񣬹ϵش󣬲ʧ
Եͳһ˿ء
˵֮䣬һȡһɫ󷨻Ƶ塣
׳һȡ壬ϳһ̡̣΢󷨵塣΢󷨵ȱԽϵͣŵҲڣǾЯҼ㲻ʦҲʱ߷ʹá
һЩ߼ֵ̣ҲǷǳ߰ġඥǿߣܲмʹ̶սⲻ̵ò
ȷ˵һŶ񾳽ߣ̵ܽɱһͨߡȻֵ̼߰һľŶɵò
׳ϣ㿴̡Խлɫ̶׳ϡ
׳ϣʶӹ̣΢Ӧͫ׾΢΢һ
̣
ƣ临ӣ̣ĹУ֮һ׳˿ž֮ɫ˵
ʥˣ̣Ǵõģ׳̧ͷԣڴʵ
ַ·˵ǼԶԵ۾һвˡͬʱĹ󷨣ǻɱ۾
׳ϣһ̾СĦе̡
׳ϣãǵʦ飬ɷ̣ûлش׳⣬ʵ
ԵĻ׳ٴ㶣Цҡҡͷ
ʥˣ̫Сˡ̫̿࣬ƺܼ򵥵ľܽ졣ǣΪƲȴҪŻѡ׳εıҡͷԾԽ͡


1502 
󷨵壬̱ǲ̺κܵġ̵ǿڲΪֱӵĹϵ
һ˵Խǿ̣ڲ󷨾ԽӣԽ࣬ҪĲͬԽࡣ
ọ́Ƽ򵥣ȴˣҪŸѡҪ侫Ľַһʦܹġ
ҪḶ̌Ȼǲʵʵ뷨
׳ϣ˵̵ļܹɷʥʦ졣׳˵һ䡣
ͺҪһ̵Ľ죬ͬҪ˳һһǲ֪췽ͺѸƳ
׳Ȼžԣʶſ˵ʥˣѵд췽
ȻУ̾ģ˵ûУֻǣʱ;ޣ޷Դһ󡣡Ȼ˵
׳۾ԲһԵĴ峤ϣҲɴ۾žԡ
žԾ˵ѾָĽǵ󷨡ʱ˾ɻ󣬲Ҳû룬ֻΪһЩʦæˡ
ʥ˵̣Խġ
Щˡ
ϣ߶֪һĵʦʥʦ㲻ʥʦҲضǳӽ񣬾Ȼó˸߶˵̳˵Լġ
˾̫λˡ
ʥǲ̫ȫһ㣿
׳ϣǶʦһȻַЩӦûİɣü
ʥˣд췽ҾаոƳ󡣵ȻҪģ죬ҪһЩʱ䡣ʥʦеʦȻһ϶бȽо˾Ǻܶ˿ܶû׳˷ܵĵͷ
ţʱֻҪץһЩɣʥѾսʱдģɱЩ̣ʱҲҪ˴̣ǵԱ˾ͻήͺܶࡣԵͷ
ʥ˷ģ󷨶ضȫԸ׳Ӧ
΢΢ü˵ʥˣһ⡣̣ҪļĲԴǴģĽ죬ǡ
ûϵֻǡһѾ򻯹ˣҪϣֻµʮ֮һϣʥܹ𡣡һ֣˵
ʲô򻯹ˣ򻯹̣˾޴ọֱ̈̄Ӻɱ۾ˣ׳Ҳ̲סֽһ
Ȼһ󣬼֮УҲĹ֮һȫ̬ľһ󣬾Ҳ˱ᣬܶǿ߹һЩвֻǣȫ̬ľһҪʵ̫ˡЦЦ˵
׳һ̵񣬸ӳ
ʱ򣬾ֱٴһᡣһ׳ϸǹȥһڣһ򻯰Ľ췽һЩĵáҲǣ׳ٴ
׳ٴԵл
׳ϣȥæɡҪϣҳճЭԶ׳˵
ʥϣ׳ϻҪöࣿ巭˷Ƥԣһ䡣
Щˡ
ʲǿߣھǰƺЩ΢
ЦЦ
ʥ㵤ôǿҲôֲ㲻ỹɣ
һѵʱ;Ƚ٣絤ڣԼʹõϼûܴﵽΡЦЦ˵
㻹峤ɫһڡ
峤ϣһ˰ɡԴ峤˵
ȥģ뿪ǣǸոձ뿪ûô죿嵣ĵ˵
õģλʥγ򣬼ֲõĴ󡣺ߺߣ򱦵ԹҲʱڹơǾ㹻ʱϻؾԮԻӻ֡
ţȥģͷ
ȥڣԺߴһһɱ˵
ãԣĿʱ
Ƿǰ϶ô˷ܡڣôҲߴһ֮һҪڣɲǼ򵥵顣ڣԾȴżġʥһ˾Ͷǡ֣ڣƺҲ顣
ûǿߣǿĵطػֻҪʥƵػǸھͼ򵥶ˡ


1503 սǰϦ
һ֮ڸϢ𽥴硣
磬Ҳһǳϵţ£ʲǿȥܲǼܳɹȻûǿ򣬵ǣŵǿ߸
ڵׯױɱŻʣ̫ϳϡ˲ٿػ󷨣ֵǿ߹Ǵ´ࡣ
ǣʥʦ
ǿػ󷨣ھǰֻ˲µʱ䣬ԾͽػƵ˴롣ʱڸ߲Ҳ֪ǵסԺʹˡ
Ȼδ̤ʲΣԴһ˶Ϣ󣬼ÿһ˶ΪѾǿߡʥص೤ϣΪ
ڸ߲޷ֵԺʹˣ뾰ʥʥ̸Сһڽɢڵ߿ȥҲɼʥء˵Ǹ׳нڸֱ߲Ӿ;ܾ
ս漴ʼ
ڱԺʹɱͶ۾ЭˡҲͼȣֻǿϧûеõҪĽ
ڽɢ󲿷ɢȥٲѡʥءЩʥصߣ澰Ժʹ巵ǡ
ʢһʱڣʹɢʷ֮С
ʥػ£磬ûʲô
ʥԵ޹ʾ͹ڣǿܾͲһˡǺܿܣڶʥأǻᵣģʥԸԸǡ
Ȼʥعڣȴվס˵ˣŪƿɱʥ̫ϳȡʥرڣ˭˵ʲô
Զ£һĬ屣ֳĬڵȣҲӶ
ǳĬĬŰʱ͸𣬶ǵĳǾ޴ġ
飬磬ƺһֹ֮С
ǾʥֵΣǾʥһ˴жǣȻ˸ڡ
£߼ʶ˾ʥǿѾΪʥܴʥػʥƿ硣
һУһȱ̸µߡ
һЩǿߣҲǿ˵ʥĴսȻΣգҲͬһβɶõĻᡣ

Իص֮󣬱պӳ϶ⷢһϢ
Ϣݺܼ򵥡
ʥأӶǿЧ۾Ϊʥضս̵õʮŻ쵤Ϊʥضս̵õʮŻ쵤ǿΪʥضսͼ˵
ս֮Уɱһ۾ǿߣһƺ׵𡢳׵ƺ׵ѡһΪɱԷһһƺ׵ɱԷһʲԶơ
һϢʥط֮ٴηڡ
ĽȷʵĶЩһЩＸӲ¶ϼһ̲סҪɽΪʥضսˡ
ȻҲûš򱦵ˣһʥʦȻδоƺ׵ĵеĶ񵤣ҲǷǳࡣ
ʥõҩӶǿߣҲЧ½£ǿЧ
򱦵ˣҲıԼŭˡ
ʵϣڸտʼʱ򱦵˲δ̫ϡֱԻɱس֮򱦵˲Ĺעԡ
һ˶ǣɱǿߣͼʶֻη򱦵һӽĸ֮ĵز
ʶԼƿصռݵɥʧŪãܱͳ˧ʥػ塣
̷һָٵת
ʥѾսսʱܱڴս֮ǰ˫ӽܵ׳Լʵ
ʱһĹȥ
Դʥضս֮ĳԱҲʱᷢһЩսսĹģͨصʱҲһЩͨɱ
ڴս֮ǰ˫ƺﵽһƽ״̬̽Է
һȫĴսҪ׼ԴǺܶġȣҩ봢㣬͵ĵҩͶʱĵҩڴսУֵҩض
˵ʥⷽԶˡܹչʥزڽµĵزǿǿĵҩʵ򱦵£һǳֲ顣


1504 ս֮ս
֧ʦУвٵʦ򱦵ʥʦԵ̳ģʦ
һֱ˽ֵģǸֶ񵤡ԣûƺ׵൤ҩǵĶȻܹߵĿ⡣
ΪǿΪս򱦵Ҳǳƴˡ֪һǲܽʥس׻壬ôԺ磬ƿصͺͳˡ磬ҲѸΪ硣
ǣ
һʱһֱǣһָ
ʱ䣬ԶƸֶ񵤡ʥȻҲеʦ飬Զȡԣ񵤣ԶҪԳơڣȻδﵽʥʦٶޱȡ
ٶϣ򱦵ʥʦ뾰ȡһֱԵٶȶʦĪ
ǬǬ¯ټСڵĸһ¯¯񵤣ϵıƳ
ڸʮ֮
ʥͻļңģԽԽһʱ䷢ɱѾе۾롣
ĻӴЩҪ˺һαװˡ
սһ
ԣҲϯʦ׳ٴ˹
ݼʥˣ׳ԣԵúܼ
ȾԵʵԵʵ׳ݡʮǰһμԣԸϵһЩָ㣬ࡣȻֻȥʮ꣬Ѿµͻơ
׳ϣ̵ôˣֱʵ
һ̽ϵشҲʥضսһɱʮʥʦŶΨһ񣬾ǲһ̡
ھԵ֮£ϢҲȫסֻϺʦŶӲ֪ʦŶӵʦֶڼ֮£Ǿ뽫ϢȥҲûлᡣ
ʥˣһ̣һѾʮĸЩֻ̣ҪŶʱԵɻԵĴ׳˷ޱȵ˵
ʮĸţ׳ϣʱˡԺ㽫̶պӳϡ˵
ǣ׳Ӧ
󣬾ָպӳϴѶȥɽ֮ǰļƻС
֮ʥصĴϣǳܲƽͬʱҲͬĶ򱦵ڶǿߣ
ӴûԼϳȶԷĴ㡣Ǵ㣬ڿҰ֮ϣһδս
ʥغĶҲĿ⡣
ߣ˷ۡңЩߣʵԽǿġȱȽǣ񶼷ǳټ
е˶֪һսĽֻ
ʥһʥʡλʲεǿߡ֮⣬εǿߣ֧ɽɽһЩ̫ϳϣټɢ֮ɵһЩߣʥشԼжʮ𡣵۾͸һЩعҲʮӡ
μһսģҲͨεǿߡЩ񣬾ŶûʸŶĴս֮УȫﲻκæġǾٶ࣬ҲвЩǿԾˣҲ˿壬һϰ
ͬˣҰڵģҲͨߡ
򱦵ˣǿͼǰڶǿߺ͵۾ǿߣٺǴ
һۿȥԱҪʥ߶١
Ҳ֮ǰѹƵʥؼ޷Ϣʥرڽ£ⲻûԭġǱȥʥضֻ͡˫ʵ࣬ǺԵģ˾ԳΪʥصʥҲǶʱֲġ
ԣ
Ⱥ˼棬ԶԶֹͣ򱦵ˣĿžԣſԵ֡
򱦵ˣҲ̧Ŀ򱦵ˣĿͬ˸ȼյĻ档
˵⻹˵һμ档ǣɱȴŨΪʵʡ
ԣһС㡣û뵽һСһܸҴ˴鷳⣬ĺ⡣
Ҳˡһսʥؽ׳ΪʷԭʥӰ죬ĳ֣Ҳӿ̡򱦵˵ͳڳ˵ĶС
ңԶΧߣҲ


1505 ̨ڵѡ
򱦵磬һֽԽ֮ǰʵѾʥغܶࡣ
򱦵ȷʵûдͨģսʥءⲢΪʥشϢᣬȻʵʥأʥֻҪϷأһѳ׻ʥءܳ׻ٵʥأҲҪصĴۡ
ԣ򱦵ѡķʽͼ߽֮֮ʥء
Եĵȫļƻڵƿٲ֣ʥغܿھԵ£֮ϡ
һսѾɱ⡣
򱦵ˣ
磬𿪱ٵĵ硣ʥأԵ졣ǰڣԺʥضͳһ㣬㲻ܸı䣬Ҳ޷ı䡣˵
𣿡
ôҾͳ״ݻʥأ֮˭ǵʥأ򱦵ɱڵĺȵ
ֱһӣԭڶߣͬʱÿˣóԼתȫɱ⻷ơЩУĳԱҲһЩӶɢߡ
ǣʱ׼ʥ߶֡
ʱԶ˵֮ϣһȺȺӰ֡
ʥصʥ򱦵Ŀⶼӹȥ
ˣ΢΢з
ļһվˡԣһֱڹע⼸һĶ̬ԭ߸һڸֻ֮ʣһ
ʥغĴսЩСһЩܶԶ֮ЩսҲʱʥػķʽ
һͲͬˣÿһǳǿǿ߶кЩǣǾһսҲʥػ˵ķʽ
ҲһӴѯûʥؽ˵˼һʥصĽ룬ûȷĻӦ
ͬģȻҲһнӴõĽʥһ
ˣ
ǰˣ١ǿߣƺ󲿷ֶˡǻһսģ
ţǲ֪ǻѡʥأǰ
ҿܾͻѡ˫ʵ࣬ȥһĿȻʥصʤ㣬϶ʥȻǿߣֻλǿߣ룬ĵһ˾ƥˡߵ˵
ǰңܻܿصǿߴڡ򱦵ֶܹο϶ҵġûһİգҲѡʥؽս֮ս
ңԶЩ˷ߣ̸š
ǣȻӿʤ㡣Ϊʥ˼Ĵ£ֻΪʥûκεʤ㡣
򱦵˽ǿߵʵɲǴš
򱦵ʥ
ӽ֮󣬶鲻ͬ˴кеһЩе䵭һЩ
ԾʶȻֻϻ䱾ˣ˵ӰҲҶ⼸ȨƵй˽⡣
Ժ򱦵ˣҲֿĻ
̨ڵĿࡣȺ֮УΪȻλǿߣֽһֶΪԵ
򱦵̨ھ֮ͬ顣ɨ˾һۺֿ򱦵˵
Ŷ򱦵һ
ãܺãò˵һǳǵˡģʥظ̨֮ڽ̵õʥһɵԴ򱦵ЦǺǵĶ̨˵
ĻԵɫȴ΢΢һĿһۡ
ʥֻܶ㻹ʥ˵Ǹˡ
Ȼʥܴ󡣿һսϵŵδҲòԴۺϿǣһǾʤ󡣡žЦЦ
ⷬƺһЩǸ⣬̬ɿΡһƾԺʥصĸо
̨ˣݻʥ̨֮ڿԵõʥһɵԴջȻ̨ڴɵЭ顣
ʵϣʥظ̨ڵҲǲġʥ̨ڽӴʱҲӦ󣬿ԽһɵԴ̨ڡ
ڿ̨ڻѡʥء


1506 бƽ
̨ѡԵȻЩŭҲ⡣һ˿ѡʥȻҪѡմöࡣ
ľ΢΢˿ŭɢĮ˵
ǺǡӲԼľЦһ
̨ڶǿߣӪ֮СԭͱʥسԱ಻ٵӪ̨ڵļ룬͸Ϊǿˡ
ʤƽƺڿб
ʱʥǰ߳һ
Ķʥصļλɽ̫ϳϣ¶ڴĿ⡣
ǰʥһĽӴ֮Уֻʥڱ¶ʥص̬ȡʥȻͬûиʥһȷ϶Ĵ𰸣ʥصĸ߲ʥкܴڴԼʥڻʥؽˡ
ԣǰ̤һ󣬾Ե˶̿λʥڵ
λ֮УġΪʥʱ䣬ҲֻвһѡʵȴСУҲӦǿһҪس֮ϡ
ʥ
ԾԹ˹֣΢΢
Ҳֻ΢Ц
ʥʥڣʥؽˡֱӾ˵
仰Եݶ΢΢һϲ
ǡЦ˵
ʥҰѻ˵ꡣȴڰ֣ҡͷ˵ʥڣʥؽˡ֮ǰʥǵȴҪ޸һ¡
仰þԵüͷ΢΢һ塣ʥصļλɽҲһ
û˵Ȳ˵
֮ǰʥ˹ʥڽӴʥڵĻرǣ֮󣬿ԸʥһɵԴʥΪһɵԴر̫ˡ
ʥؽˣǺܴġڵΣҶõʥشԵƵλԣѡʥؽˣкܴĿܣʥڽʥᡣ
ΪʥڸôķգӦõõĻرΪԴرȽϺʣһᶨ˵
ԴʥڣҪõɵԴ֮ǰԺʥص˼ǸһɵԴ˵ʥȫʨӴ󿪿ˡɵԴζʲô
ԺʥأӦʥڵҪôһضҲͬʥؼͬ⣿ôֻҪһҪųɵԴʥԼʣʲô
ʱͲҪЦˡƤЦⲻЦ˵
ʥҿɲǿЦҪôʥͬǵҪҪôǾˡ۾ž˵
в
ԺʥزӦǵǾˡĿǰΪֹѾ̨ˣʥˣʥصĴ᧿Σˡ
Ҳˣʥڣǿ׼һ㣬ԲŻʨӴ󿪿вʥشӦǵ
ʥڿʥؽˣȷʵбȽϴķաʥͬǵǾ޴ջҲֵðաʥǾܾǵ̾ˡʥڵļ룬ʤ͸ˡ
ԣʥ˵ռȨġ
ԵУʱһŭ⡣
ԴǲܵģҾӦٺúÿһ¡ֱӾܾ˲ҪѾѹͷŭ
ǺǣʥԲӣҾӦúúÿǵģӦʥأӦǾʥ㡣ʥأɲҪΪһЩδֵ棬ͽŵİưвԽԽԡ
ʱϣʥܸһȷеĴ𰸡˵
ֻԺʥʱҪҪӦʥҪ
࣬ھͿԸȷĴ𰸣ҪԴرǾԲܵġûеʱȥڲ໰º󣬾նĵȵ
Ǿû취ˣ
򱦵ʥڣԸˡʥظ֮ʥڣҪһɵԴһת򱦵˵
ãȻˣҴӭʥڵļ롣򱦵Ц˵
ڲʥصĶԻûκεĲá
ʥƺʥڡ̨ڶѾȷˣʣ¼һԭʥؽˣֻҲʱıˡԾ˵


1507 ɱʱ
峤ϴ˵ģҲǾԵĵġ
ǣҲû취ҪʥزܴӦǴӦֹʡ
һʱѾȷˡƣԾԺʥضԽԽˡ

ľǲӦõһ£
ϻڵһλ̫ϳϣ佻̸Ļڽǰ̫ϳҲ
֮ǰϻڵĸ߲㣬ۻǶġǵľʥͳһսߡʵϣϻڣʼնе⣬ϻΪߡ
ϻڣϣʥܹⳡսյʤ۵ĽҲѡʥؽˡ
ڵȴò硣ȻϣʥؽˣϣʥܻҲʵܲܣŵδǱϾʥصĸ
ʥں̨ڵȺ̬ϻһЩ̫ϳϣ˼з˱仯
䣬üͷг
ǻҪʥؽˡҧ֮ǰľ
濴ʥػʤϣȷʵһָоʥز׾ͱ塣λʥҲô򵥡
Уʥأϻڰʥء˵һʥջʤǻ᲻ĸмϻڣǵѡȷʵΣգҲתĿܵ͵ĶԼ̫ϳ˵
ɡһ̫ϳȻ
ôˣǰ·Σգ·ľͷͬϻڰϣüᶨ
ߣȥʥӪǱߡֱӴϻˣʥȺȥ
Կ˿䣬Щȡ
ʥϻڣԸʥؽˡԾԹ˹˵ǶʥأġԾʥġ
Ļʥ˵ľһ
ףѩ̿ѡϻڵΪʥ˵ɾѩ̿
þҲЩ
ϻһµĸ߶ȡԺ磬ûһҲԶԶ˵ͷ˵
Ҳصĵ˵ͷ
ߣҲò˵㻹ϻڣĺ޴ǣĪǻΪʥܹȻľҲֻܽϻںʥһͬᣡ򱦵ɨ˶һۣȵ
򱦵ˣ㲻һߣȴư磬ǲɹģҲ˿η򱦵˵Ŀ⣬򱦵ǽӽǿߡ
Ͳˣ񣬶֮⡣
򱦵ʥţһս
һɫߣǰ̤ԾԺ򱦵˵
ˣǧڵȻʣһĴһƺǱȽϽ뵽һս
ǧĻЦһ
ǧڵţǲеⳡսķգЩĴʥһս˿ûвս뷨Ϊսǳ¾Ĳ룬ֱԼʵʵŲǺܺã
ЩˣͶ
ǻжϳʥغһܻʤΪʾԼ롣ǵⳡսеֳܹʤʱǿ϶ʱֽûֵһЩ˵뷨΢תܲµ
ͬģ򱦵ˣԴҲܶϤ
Ժ򱦵˶û˵ƣûڿȡЦǾԻ򱦵ˣ뽫ʣµһˣ͵ڽԼĶ֣ǲǵΪ
ԣԺ򱦵ˣҲȺ˶ǧڵľء
Сգʥأ糹׸𣡡򱦵ֱ̧ۣȻ¡
䣡
󣬴ǿߣĳɱ
ʥأȥɣ
С
ɱΪǵĸ˱𣡡ӪһӰٳ
ǻӶен߶ޣʥӪɱſֲơ
ǧǿͬʱ֣ʢ˵ʷϿܶûгֹ
ʱʥӪߵˣɫءˣԭأӭԶɱߣʥصĳԱԵ÷ǳÿһ˵Ŀ⣬ǰ˵Ӱǣڵžʥָ


1508 һݴ
̨ڼʥɵӪǿ̶ȾͲö˵ˡ
һʥغϻɵӪȻȲӪͬǷǳĺ
ЩңԶսߣһĿתĿţ˵ĿУ˸˷ܵĹâ
Ӫ֮еߣڵ۾֮£ƺƵʥӪȥһĵ۾ϰٸ֮ࡣӪǰǿҲҴ⣬һСĶ﷭
϶ൽһ̶ȣҧ󣬸Ҫ˵ϰٸ۾ڶͨͬʱ
ǳĿֲ
ǾԣҲ˿ķɡ
ע⣬ٳ֡Կڣ˵
ʥ˷ģǶʱ׼šպӳϵͷ۾ֱֱĶǰ˵
ʥصˣѵǱɵˣҶˣһĿ˸˷ܵĹ⻪˵
ʥص߶վԭز
ЩŹ֣һǿüҡҡͷ
ţȷʵЩԾСȻᣬȻʥӪʵȲҪ˵ǳ׷ֿԲܡ򱦵˵ͷ˵
Сӣʲô죬ʥѾעֻбݻٵˡʥЦһ˵
ȷʵھԵʵǰСһЩʲôıֶΣҲą́ͬΪȻ
ʥص˶Ǵ־ܣ
ô£˶ҪɱǰˣǾȻԭزǣĪҪʯͷɣ
ʥȷʵԶұΪʥҲֵܵһЩʱġڿһսò˶þҪˡΧ۵һЩߣҲһЩۡ

ʥǲǸöˣٲ֣ҪԷֱӳˣǵʧܻܴ󣡡ϻ䣬Щżˡ
֪Եļƻ̲סԾʵ
԰ꡣʥأ׼һݴ񡣺Ǻǣݴ򱦵һǳ⡣Կ˵
ʲô񣿾ʥǶսˣ㻹򱦵һû⾰Ե˼
ˣһ
պӳϣճϣ֣Ϣᣬгһȡ
ԵĻ֮պӳϡճϵȼ۾γϣͻȻóһЩ̡Щ̱ó󣬼λϱ㽫Ƕ˳ȥȻڶȥ˲䣬Ҳ̶
Ŷڶȥ
̣棬ϰǰĵ۾һ۾ϳ̡
һζȥ̣һ
Щ۾ߣ̷֮󣬶Цȫ⡣⼸̣΢󷨣Ҳǹɶвϰٸ۾дĸߣ־ܴݻЩ̼Ĵ
ˣ
̣ͷųһ嫵ܲһתЩɱߡ
ߣСƣһЩǰ۾̴߶־͹ǰܡ
һγɵ⣬ͷŵĹκȥ
ǣͷųĹΣûбЩٻЩ̹ܣǳԡգʱ䣬̵Ĺα㻷ɱһܡ
ǿ
ҵٶ᲻ˣ
ţҲǡЩйŹ֣ƺкǿ

Ⱥɱһٶ
̣Ǿֽġе󷨣ֱӹһ󷨣ֽ
󷨣֮УҲȻڵֻ΢󷨡ǣҲ㹻סǿһʱˡ
ңΪЧԻƾԼ󷨽ϸ΢ĸĽУЧ
ҲΪʲộöٳɱеĴܵ˺صӰ졣ϰٸ۾󲿷ֶٶ
ʲộЧǿ󣿡һǿ߷˼
ûӦȫ̬󣬶סǿߡ΢Ҳסǿһʱ䡣û뵽ȻŪ΢һǿ߻˵
Ӧ󣬱ûʵԵĹ˦Ҳӻһǵٶȡ˶߹ܿͻᱻɢġһҡҡͷ˵


1509 Ϊҽ
ȷʵжĴڣͬʱסϰ۾и΢Ҳס̫ʱ䡣
Կڶ֮£ۿɼٶɢüʱ䣬ͻᱻȫơ
ɣ⾰ԣƺѸʢѵ󷨣ǿЦЦ
Ҳô˵⼸󷨻һЧģǵĹٶȡ˿˵
ǺǡЦһ
һԺȻ̧֡
ҽеȫȥԵͳŭ

ھԵĻ֮ߣȡһ̡
ٶ̣ͬʱ˳ȥ
Щ̣Ǿһʥصʦ飬׳ϵĴ£ٶһ̡Щ̣Ҫڴʱʹá
ٶ̷ԱǵϿգͬʱ˵ܡ
Ĵߣһɫˡ
ղţ̷ɹȫ⡣̶ǷǳǿḶ́Ҳκѹ
ڣȴٶ̷ɹǣǸܵͷų˵亹ð
ۡ
һųȵĻ棬ڿռȼ棬ܿγһƬ𺣡
ʲôܣ
Щ̫ˣҶס
ӣ뿪󷨷Χߣһ˻
ǣǴˣ֮¡֮ʹĿľڴˡûЩ߾ͺܿѾһķΧߵٶǺܿģǵķӦٶͬܿ죬ǵ۾ûǾһ󼸺ܶЧɱˣ
ɶ񣡡
ɶ񡭡ұɲȥ

˷
ʥʦŶľһȻǼ򻯰΢͹󷨡ܣȻֲܿǵ۾Ҳ󷨵ĹȻԵ۾ʥʵ򻯰ľһҲ̫в
ǣڵľһ̫ˡ򻯰һ󣬵۾ܲںʮ˸Ҳܵסǣٶһͬʱܹ۾Ҳס˵۾Ҳֻܷŭĵ˻
棬һƬȫס֮ȼաڶߣƬ֮зҽ
СǱɣ򱦵ˣ۾ˡ
Ѿڶ̶ʱڣӪڵһЩߣѾΪҽǳȵ¶ȣΧܸܵõ
һɹˣϯһС
򱦵˵Цһ
СڣɣСڹͨ
籩Եͺһ
Ѹݵ˲Ϣ֮䣬ǱһΧסڶߺ˹ȥ
籩Ȼ䱬Щߵ塣
籩ҪĿ꣬Щ۾Щ۾ڵֵһܹԣûǰ籩ʶ籩ʱȥֵѾˡ
һ۾һͫڣֳãʹ֮ɫ
۾˲䣬˵ֵһڲ߶ͷ֮£ǵεֵһĹ
ʩչ籩ҪЩ۾ɶ˺籩ȻǿǿжóԴǴʱɢô۾˺ЧʵǿǣԲҪ籩شЩ۾壬ֻҪԷܵӰ죬ǾһܾܳûЩ˻Ϊҽ
ԶˣսߣһĿɿڴ
û뵽ʥغĴսոտʼȻݱľ档
ԭռźܴơǵ۾ԶԶʥصӪڣƣƺתˡ
ֶΣ
ֻǡΪʥӵ̣֮Щ󷨣ɲЩͨ󷨣ⶼֲĶ̡ҪЩ̣Ҫٲϣʥأôܴ֮Ĳϣ
Ѿʵ飬ùʥصĲģ˼ѾЩʹóҶˡ
ھ֮Уֹսߵۡ
ǵȻ֪Ǿʥʦ򻯵ľһÿһʹòϣʮ֮һ


1510 ȫ
ٶ򻯰΢;һ̣òϣ΢;һֻʮҡ
ʥصĵ̣óĲϣûġ
ҪʥȲҪ˵̣ԶԶʥصġ
򱦵Ȼ뵽ʥܹһóٶ̣ͬ÷˼֪ʥص񣬸ֲϿ治ԼܱȣٶҪĲϣʥҲõó
ֻڣЩѾûˡ
С򱦵ɫ󣬷һ
ȫӿƣɱڡзŭ𣬲ȴֱӳʥߣǴһ͹ڶ
ߣԿ򱦵˵Ĵ㣬Ȼ򱦵ƻЩһ
򱦵ˣԶ˵ǽǿߡ죬һ㡣ֲֳϼӰһ򱦵˹ȥ
򱦵һڿռڶס˫Ŀ֮УɭȻ⡣
Լ򱦵һɫžԺɨһƬɫĹӰգױȵĿֲѹ
ʥһˣµס򱦵϶糤ϣȥ֧ԮʥעǸͼ峤΢۾Դ糤ϵ
ţͼͽԸ糤ϵͷ˵
ɱ
ǿж֮Ҳ໥ɱ
һƬ֮䣬һӰϴ󣬸ֹγɵĹβʱǿ߱ɱӰ׹䡣
עˣҲóˡ۾ǰں󡣵۾ע⵲סֻܹˣճս߰˵
֮ǰԶԶǵߣյ˶ѹɽ󡣲ڣǾɶˡĵ۾Լ۾֮µڱٶһֻ̺ʣ֮һ˵ʱʥصĳԱռ˾Եơ
ǧڵŵˣҲĿתĿս
ʥֶΰһ̾˵
ǰộҲ֪ô㵽ģǿɶǾһֵ̣ߡЩһҲòʥأȴһŪٶ
ţٶһĴֱӾͽˡ
һսʤȻʡ򱦵ضеûʹáǣȲżȥ˵һЦЦ˵

峤ϣȥˣԿԼ߽ӽ֪峤ҪԼԸ򱦵ˡ
ھԻҪ峤ϰ糤Ѿͼʽ֣峤ʲǿߣȫƾǿʵܿٻɱԷ
ʥȷԵĻ峤϶ס
ţİɣҲ£
峤Ӱһ۷߳˹ȥ
̨ʥˣʱɫǷǳѿŲҲֱӱһɱˣţ˵Ѿʧء
ˣСģ˿弱ٽӽæѡ
ǵס壡ʣҪס
Ŵʳ˳ȥ
ߣС棬ҲסңЦһת֮У͵ĺ˹ȥ
ʵ̫ǿ˺Σգٹһȫֵ幥𽹼
εڻǱʥض١ԣֳʮΧʣҲܳܵס

֮вϼһ̺ŲɫĻɫӰŶ򱦵ϯ˹ȥ
Сӣ
ò˵СˡһʼҾСˡ
ûϵֻҪڽɱǾͲΣΪʱδ򱦵ˣȻԾԺ޵˼㡣
ģǳ뽫Ը̻ɢžܵĺɫϵĻӶһصĺɫڿռ졣
ԵĻ֮ͬǿʢֽȻͬĹڿռڽײһСڶʱڣǿ˭ռ˾ԵϷ硣
ϼһʵȷʵǿڸûȫ۾΢С
϶֪籩һ깥ֶΣڷң±͵Ϯˡа
ϧˣ̤ʲΣͼ򵥶ˡҲЩΡ
ԻԲҲһʱ䣬ȴʼδ̤ܽʲΡ


1511 \
Եжϣȷʵû
򱦵ˣȷûоȫȻ򱦵˶ԾԺ֮ǣȻǡȷһ깥ֶΡֶκգԲͿС
ԣ򱦵˲ȫԸԾԵĳ֣²Сı԰ˡܹǾͺΣգ˲Ϣ֮γв

СӵʵǿֽѧǿڷͬǿסҸо⽣ڣƺںȫֻ򡣡򱦵ɫ
Ŀ⣬ɨһԶĴս
һѾԴơĳԱʥصľһӲˡ
ȻȻںܴƣǴһ˾ǣסʮ
֮µߣҪʥٳܶࡣ̶ʱȥ֮˫ԽԽˡϵУ֮䡣
ȥò˶ã֮߾ͻʱʥ֮ͻתߡ
ʥصƣ
ʱԽãԽǲ
Ŀǰ򱦵Ϊֻһ취ܹŤת棬ԼɱʥصʥҪɱԣѶֺܴ󡣻ȫԸϣһȫ֣пܱԵ깥㡣
򱦵˵żԾɶˣսľѾ˵ΨһıԼ򱦵֮䡣ֻҪס򱦵ˣŴս󼴿ɡ
ڵľƷչò˶ãʹλϾܳԼ֣֡򱦵ֻһ³Ǿ
С
򱦵ͻȻһеĺɫݺݵĳһ£ʱˡ
ţüͷ΢壬򱦵ˡ
벻벻򱦵ˣȻᱻһĻëСȵ˾ء

ȤȷʵȤ򱦵ȫ£Ϣ
ϼһҪʲôԸо򱦵˵״̬Щԡ
ѵĻʲôûóɣڣʹõˣС⡯һ£СĵĽ䱸
ʵһֱڽ䱸򱦵ˡ
ɣ򱦵˸ȵ
ǰһڹ⣬ٵĲһɾ˵ϢӺڹתϢɲ֮սϢ֮У̺ļµ־
һ̣һ޴ĺɫӰ򱦵˵ǰ
ǡ۾ɴ
ֻǾԣǧڵŵˣһҲĿɿڴ
Զսߣһʶıͣ۾ĶǾ޴ж
ԵĹһ£׵ĳȡա
ⲻҪģҪǣӴĶֺ󣬾ȻԼ
⵽ʲôˣǵһμִһ
໣
һдɢԲʮ֮ڿռ䣬ֱӱ˺ѡ
ԣʱҲӴò
ޣһпɬ˵֡
ޣʵǺܳġ磬иָޡڵ͵磬޵ĺᡣЩޣǰ򱦵ͷųȣС׼ײֵһˡ
򱦵ͷųͷޣϵޣе۷ǿߡϵϢͨǿ߲ҽӽ
\ԣĿĶǰ
򱦵ͷųޣȥһߡǣԴϣһǣԿһצӵģûצӡôӦ\ԣһֻҪ\ԡ
֮У֮еߣľŲʵôͷ\ԣʵҲǾԶˡ
Ȼĺһ
˭뵽򱦵ϣȻһӽߵ\ԣ벻ڳߣֻ³򱦵֮⣬û֪
磬ûй\ԵĴšҲ˵򱦵˿ܴδǰųͷ\ԡǱʵڱƼˣӦȻͷų\ԡ
ʵҲȷʵˡ
\ԣ򱦵ڻ֮ʱһλԵɺշġʱ\ԻǴʱڣʵԽϵͣ򱦵˲лὫշ򱦵\Եʱ\Ծӣô򱦵˾޷շ\ԡ
򱦵ˣһֱ\ԣɳϧۡ򱦵ˣڴ\һܻһ\ԻǾ൱ǿߵսʱ򣬼򱦵𣬿ͷ\ԵĴڣҲˡ
죬򱦵򲻵ѣŽ\ͷų㣬\Խ֮ǰκ֪¡ڿѾˡ


1512 
\ϵϢһʮΣյĸо
һͷ
֮УҲ۷εĴڡ
ԣҲǵһμεޡͷսԲûһȷĸ
ԣܱƵҽ\ԶųҲ԰ˣ򱦵Ŀɨžԣɲ
ɱûȾٿ˵򱦵˾͸\Է
໣\Ťһžڵλó̹
Ȼ\Եͷǳ޴󣬿ȴǳٶȼ죬ȴʲǿ߻Ҫܶࡣ
ֻɲ֮䣬һǿĿռ伷ѹ֮ӭԱȶ
Բ˿⣬вϼ˲һӰɨһǶȫģͷ֮ת˼¡
֮۵ĽӰ\ϯȥ
໣
\ſڣг
ͬʱһ֣Ż֮Ӱӭȥ
\Ե֮Ӵ֮ٶܶ࣬ҲټδɢӰȻ׼ȷ\Եϡ
\ԱӰУͷ΢΢һɡɳڲδάգʱ䣬ΪԾͿȻ֮ĽӰ\ԣ\Է·δܵʲôӰ졣Կ\ԱӰеλãһ˿ڣһ˿ֻ˲ϢĹͻָ
̺֮ܣвֽ\ԵⲿҲܿͱڵʧ
\Եƿֲ
ʶĶԱһ¡
ԭΪԼĴѾǳǿھԲף\ԵȣͲʲô
\ԼžԳ̶
򣡡Եռʩչ
һ\Ե·\Ծ޴Ȼ׹䡣ǣ׹ĹҲͬݣֻǺ̵ܶʱ䣬\ԾȻͰӰ졣
ôǿɫҲԽԽ
ڿҪɱ\ԣֻ̫ǿˡ
ʱ\ٴſڣž³һɫĹâ
䣡
ɫâ̺ĿֲܣֱӽԺ˳ȥ
ԵĿУ¶Ȼ֮ɫ
\ԵĹԶʩչռˣȻûȫܿ\ԵĹ\ԵĹһܹƾԵռޣԡ
Զ˵ߣ˾\ԵḶֹ̌һһ
ͷ\ԣȻǿ󣿡
ߣӽĴڣ˵ǿǿߣ붼ߣ
ǰֻǡʥҪסˡ\ԣʥΪټ򱦵һԻʱ֡
˵ʥֶܼʱ䣿
ҿ򱦵֣ʥҲͼʮʱ䡣²˵
ǧڵŵˡ
Ǻǣ֮ǰ˵򱦵϶еţڿȻϣǧЦǺǵ˵
ǰǶ򱦵еƣֻǶû뵽򱦵ĵƣȻһͷ޺˵ʵһ죬ǵһμĺһҡҡͷ˵
ҲǵһμȻǰ˵ЩǿĴڣû
ͷǿҪɺ˰ɣ
λǲҲóˣʥؿ϶ǲˣһԱ򱦵ɱҲʥ֮ʱһ˵
ˣôǾͰʥذɣǧ緢ĺȵ
ɱ
ʥأŵڶǿߣһ㣬ʥص߳ɱ˹ȥ
ʱ˿̣ʥصڶߣһɫס򱦵˷ųʱǾԼ鲻ˡڣһֱûгֵһţȻҲɱʥӪ
ô죿ǣǲǸϽˣһϻ̫ϳϣ˵
ˣĻл᳷ˣǺǣΪῴϻڳ𣿡ЦһĿЩ
λûѡˡսҲȻվǹĿ⿴ϻˡ
˼ˣȻһ֣ǾͼɱȥɣɱԷһҲ㲻ɱԷ׬һ
ϻ̫ϳϣҲĬŵ˵ͷΪǶʵԴʥؽˣǵ˾ѾʥһʥظϻҲ޷ԲŹǡ
ǰ𣿡糤Ͽһߵʥԣеૡһ䡣
ϵҪʥ𣿡糤Ŀֲʵת񷡣


1513 ذ׵
ʹˣһͼǣƣһǱʮǣơ֧ԮʥҲ
һս˫ʱתһߣжʮҡǵͻȻɱ룬ʥӪʱڽڰˡ
ľԣʱҲѱԽԼܹʹõķֶζˣȻֵסѿһĿĵĿӣѪӿɫĳۣѾѪҺ͸ɺںɫǴĻָ޷ʱԵ޸
Ѿ׼ʱ籩ˡֻǣ籩ǿЧѣɶ۷ޣЧ¾Ͳǿˡ
һսʱƺѾע˽֡
һʥصߣ䡣еʬ׹䣬еʬ޴档

Ե˫ĿһƬͨ졣
ͻƣͻư˻
ΨһϣܾԼõͻƣ̤ʾ硣
Բ֮󣬾ԵһֻѾ̤ʾ磬һֱûĳΪʡԭΪ㲻̤ʾ磬һսʥȻܹʤȴû뵽ı
򱦵ˣȻշһͷǿޱȵĺ
СڵˡооϢûУֽ֣첻ӦеصزζоΣ
򱦵ſĳЦžԡ
ںԵʱûг֣ƺܿžԱ뿴˺ƬȷʵҲżԾԳ֡ԭ˵ҪһţѾڹʥߡһߣСں᧿ΣƺֻҪ־ˡ
ԵͷҪͻơǣƾ˻𣬾ûа̤ʾļ
ߣ
ָ⾰ԵġԶ˵Ĵսһʥصսûκΰ취ܹǡ
Ļɣ뵽˸߷;ѩ
Լʥظôʱɽĸ߷;ѩҲض
Բģһ˺ѷεʹȴûκεİ취
ʱ򣬾ԵǬС֮ڣһɲȴǴ˳
ţĸоһ
˲Ϣ̽뵽ǬС磬ҵԴ
һţ
ŵһֱԷǬС磬˵ʵԲѾˡõŵѾǺܾǰˡ
ʱڵ͵磬Իһæų쾳Сһɭ֣԰˰ѩһæ԰ѩŵ͸˾Ϊл
õŵ󣬾ԵʱҲ²һʲôҲѰҷŵǣһֱûɹԾͽˡΪǰѩ͵ģҲûжһֱǬСڡ
û뵽ŵȻʱ쳣Ķ
Ǵûз顣
ӾԵõŵŵδйκε쳣·
ŵҪ˰ɣü
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ţ
ԵӴŵ֮׽һ԰׵ķǳֵ־ŵƺҪǬСȥ
ѵΪˣ˻þüת
ˣѾʱԼֺ֪ܼļιȻȥǾͳȥɣһŰɫĵͳǬС硣
ɫĵɳǬС֮󣬾Ի߶Ҫ͵ԶͳĹΧǣþԸе˼ǣȻʧˡ
ҪͰ׵뿪׵Ƕӡ֮УûžԵƶԾڵΪ΢ųһ˿ҲǺֲܿġȻûð׵ڿռƶֺ
໣
䣡
Ť޴ٴžԳ̹ͬʱſڣֲ̺ܵĽɫâԺ
æջȫ߶ͷ֮Ӷϼֵ
һĻȴþԵ׼ȫûзӵء
ڰ׵ǰͻȻһƬơƬƣԸĿռڸסſںĽɫâƬƺͨĲƽӴ󣬾ȻƿٰסŰ׵ӿ˹ȥ
˲ŵǣɫâӿ׵׵Ӵ󣬾Ȼʧˡ
ǿԶѵֵĽɫâ츳ֶΣȻڰ׵ıʧˡ
۾
Ǻɴһ˫޴ޱȵ۾ССİ׵ֵȼޣǻȻö˵һ㶼ʱȻҲɻΪԼ츳ûнǰ׵


1514 ʥϢ
ڰ׵ܣ·һεδ֪򸲸ǡ
Ҳ֪ΪʲôԿĽ츳׵Ӵʱʧһָоƺǽ̺Ǳ׵ˡ
Ľ츳̺ܣԿһġȫԸֵסŰ׵ȻɵĽɵ
⵽ʲô
ĿĿŲԶİ׵
ںƫڿе򱦵ˣͬһµı顣
Ű׵Ƭ̣·ǸоܵصƣƵŤſһ⡣һΣǹԣֱӹ׵
֮۷εĴڣɴʱȻһŰ׵ˣĸ߰¡һҪŰ׵

ɫ⻪ӽ׵󣬰׵ܣٴγһӿơЩƣһ츳۵ĽסֵĽ⣬޷ѡǲɵ㽫͵׵һ
뷽ǴһӴ׵ʧӰ١
⵽ʲô
̺϶ǱյˡǣʲôȻ츳ܶɾյ۾Ű׵
ʱ򱦵Ҳʶ׵йŹ֡
\ԣҪǿŵɱ˵򱦵˶\´ָ
\һɽӴԴ򱦵һۡ󣬱㽫ھԵϡ
\ʱͱ򱦵շĳɳ򱦵ܲɷ֡ԣ򱦵Ƿǳҳϵġ򱦵˵Υ档
򱦵Ҫɱ̷࣬˰׵תĿꡣ
໣Х֮伤
꣡ںչɱȥʱ
ڰ׵ı棬ͻȻӿһ߲ϼ⡣ɫĹΣˮһ㻷ڰ׵ܡ󣬰׵ƺһ¡߲ϼ⣬ǶȻźȥ
ڰ׵ӿֳ߲ϼͬʱԵľ޴ӲڿֹͣǾ޴˫Ŀ֮У¶ĺȻ֮ɫ
ƺǷǳ߲ϼ⡣
߲ϼӰ׵ϱʱ򣬺Ȼһ˦βԶӶݡ
ûܣû߲ϼӴҲûʹ츳ֶζԸ߲ϼ⡣ƺ޷ֿ֮ġ߲ϼ⣬ѡߡ
ǡ
Ծڰ׵Զ̾͸о߲ϼ̺֮һ־־ԵЩģȴһֲַĸоƺһߵϡ
־ܿսĿռ䡣սڵߣͨʲһֵǶֹͣ˹Ŀ⿴׵
Ǿã߲ϼ⣬ʥġ
\ԣȥģ
򱦵˼ӴܣҲһ£ܿعߵĺ
ֻһΣƺ˵ٻٶȲûм෴ļӿˣƺǿ˷ǳµĶһηĲҿĶ
ô£
⾿ʲô򱦵бòƽЩץ
ʱ˿̣һµˣɲֻ򱦵һԶ˵Χߣһһȫǲı顣
һŵȻúתһеߡŵΪ˾޴ħ
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Ϊɱ߶ʱֹͣʥص˵õ˴ϢĻᡣ
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ٶȣȴǿ߻Ҫ졣ǣ߲ϼٶȣȺҪ졣ֻ˲Ϣ䣬߲ϼͳںܡ
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ʱ򣬸ס߲ϼ⣬תٶȻӿ졣
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һ֮󣬺壬·ܵ˼ļѹĿ֮£ΪһѪ
߲ϼ⣬һѪص׵ϡ׵͵ĶѪѪ̺Ǽֲġ׵ԿֲٶšѪգ׵ϣʥϢԽԽǿ


1515 
ʱһҲܿǰŰ׵ĲͬѰ
ͬǳ𾪡
ǿ̶ȣԿԳԹġԵһγֹʱ򣬻֮ȻĹֵܽͺܶࡣɲдȻ٣ĹֱӻкȴûԺӰ졣
׵ϵ߲ϼ⣬ɾͽѹһƬѪǺεȿֲܣ
Ҳ˰ɣ
׵ѪҲͼʱ䡣⼸ʱ󣬰׵ɢϢŨһ㡣
Ҳʱ򣬴Ӱ׵λãһϸܵġž
Ծ׵һڰ׵ĵǱ棬˴Ѻۡ
֪׵ҪˡŪ˴̵İ׵Ǻޣ
һȷһ޵Ʒǳͷ
꣡
ڣһΪը󣬰׵ĵȫѿ
ЩѿȻ׹䡣׹䵽棬ǿƮƮĵǣȴֱӼʯ뵽¡
⵰ǣǳء
֮׵ڵҲ¶һʱڳˣ޷ݡǾľԣͬ塣
ֻܿһŻ档
ңܣзǳصķ򲨶ַ򲨶þԸоİ
֮Уе߶֪һʶоֱֻ֡򡣵ǣʱڻܿռڸоķȴھַ֮еκһ֡
ЩԵĸоǳ
ԡַʱԾһ򣬶ʾ
ղɱôңԼҪͻƾ̤ʲΡǣȴʼûܳɹʱȴȻ֮ͻƵļ
ɫĻ棬Ȼе¶ݡ
ǡ
Ǿ
ôܣôܣ
찡봫˵֮еľһģһ
ǡ֮УﲻҲѾ𣿡
ߣĿⶼһǾǸոմӰ׵зһϡ
ԣҲ촽Щš
ھĴ˵ԶҲ֪һЩ֪崫˵֮еʼ֮һ
壬һһǾǾצצҲΪʼ
ߣʼĺ
ѵǾҲ޷ȷ
һԿ϶ǰһԷͬһ㡣ɾɱһ㣬ȫ֤
ڣǲǴ˵ʼ֮һκ˶ܿ϶
ֻǡ
ǿޣΪλһ͵֮ڣǣ˷˼
Ը磬ڼˣ
ھЩ㷲ʱһ￪ˡһڣþһվȡ
޻˵⵱Ȼûʲôϡġ˵ЩǿĴڣ཮ЩޣҲ˵ԡ
þһģԼĳƺ
ȻǽεεŮ
ȻǾȷʵǴԡ
ǡ΢΢˿ǰһò봫˵оͬ
ȷʵ봫˵оＸȫͬҪ˵ǿܾǸͷϵĲࡣ˵ͷǳӴ󣬿ǰǲͨٵӡ
Ը磬Сˣ
С
ڣСܻ졣
Ը磬ȰɱֻϣСŤͷԶ򱦵ˣĮ˵
˵ϣȻָľ򱦵ˡ
ǿ򱦵ˣȻС֮Ϊֻϡӣ⣬չ¶쾡¡
СԼĳƺ򱦵˵ɫī
ʱ򱦵ˣҪˡķĺȻĪıˡԵĶԼǰΪϣҪɱ
򱦵еıͷŭֻԼˡֻǣʱٷŭҲСС̳ԵһĻ򱦵˿޷
̳ԺĴڣԲ򱦵ܹԸġοԱ߻һǳΣյľԡ
򱦵ֻؿһŶŭй˭֪еĿƣ
СԶְɣͻȻ˵
仰˵󣬾ԵĿͿ򱦵ˡȫϢٵĸ
򱦵ˣĺѾûˡڣ㻹ʲôûóԳеĲϼ̧
ܣ֮۶ʽӰڿռ֮ڡ
Կ򱦵˵񣬳ζ
ʱľԣѾǣʲߡСﱻḶ́Եľ磬Ϣĵõͻơ


1516 ϲ
ԵĻѾԲ̤ʾ籾ֻһʱϵ⡣
ڵ绹཮һߵĻһԲֻҪ⣬ûв̤ʾӡ
ֻǣСķǾԺܿû㹻ʱ̤ʾ硣ֻ򱦵ˣǾʵڲУռߡǣǺԵռ򶼲̫ãѹ̫ˡ
Сķֵⷨ򲨶þԼӿ̤ʾĲϢ䣬Եľ磬ǴΣʵС
һϢǶԾʵϵȴ쳣ֲġ
ñȴ峤ϣ峤ϣ̤ʾҲܶݣʮ֣ȻǿԴӦΧ峤ϵʮ𣬿ɲЩսԽϵ͵ʮ𣬶𾳽֮жġ
Щսϵ͵ģѹͲҿ峤ʡ
̤ʾ磬ǿ
ԣ֮ǰδΪʵʱ򣬾ͼʽֲͼߡڸղţ򱦵˽Ҳܳʱʱ˿̣ԳΪ֮ʵﵽһʲô˵ĲΣ
Ը磬㲻ҪҰæ𣿡СԵĻֿԡ
ţ֣Ҫ϶ԵͷĿһֱ򱦵ˡ
򱦵ɫڡ
ʥһսѾƿء
ԭãԼеƺڣôΣڲ֮ءԣûԼʧܡ
ڣǹֵˣĵѾûˡ
򱦵˶СȷʵܼɵԾԣɲ¡㾰깥ֶΣҲ£ֻҪСһ㲻͵Ϯ㣬Ǿû⡣
ֹСҪֺ򱦵ѹƵɱ⣬ˮһ㱬˳
򱦵˷Ц
СɣҿɱңҲҶһѣɱңҲֻæ򱦵״񣬵һ㶼û裬ʱ򣬻ڿӡ
ЩСȻȷСǴ˵еľҲǾ޿ܡ۷ޣδССһˡ˭֪۵ƯСǳֵжǿ
򱦵˵˼֪ЦЦ
򱦵ˣҲ˽ʾ֭ҡҿȷ㣬ܻңұߡЦŵ˵
ãϣ˵򱦵ڰһЩ
ʱЩߣһĻˡ򱦵˵Ļ򱦵ƺЩˡǾԸŹ򱦵ˣ򱦵ھͻת뿪

ͼʣɫѿ
̨ڵһĳԱһûڲѡ
̨ںʥڻһ㣬ǱϾɱ֮ǰѡˡ
ǧڵŵĳԱˡΪԿʼûսʱ˵ġֱʥذܾѶǲͻȻɱ׼һսзһ
û뵽ʥͻȻóһֵֵȻֲ˹
˴ʱ˶Ѿûʲô˼ɱȥˣģҪӦʥؽ㡣
ô죿
ȻѾˣʥأֻ²Źǣ
ǰǾʥóĵʲô
˵ЩʲôãǶôɣһ̸ķҡ
ʥسԱʱ˼Ȼ෴
ǣ¿ϣ
һ֮УΨһѡʥؽ˵ϻˣ㻶ȸԾ
ڸղţǻΪԼų군ˣϻڽʥᡣû뵽ͻȻ֮仹ķתǼȿµĺȻôɵˣ
ˣȥҪϲˡ
ʥأ糤ٴ̧ͷ񷡣
峤ϣҲһϲɫ

֮
еĲϼڿռնɱ
ӰȥǷŵĽӰ
Գ֣򱦵һкɫŻӶ
Ը磬ɱϣ
Ը磬϶
СӶų򣬿дĽкΪ˷ܵӡ
ߣСӣƾ㣬Ҳɱңɾ𣬻࣡ڣԶˣ򱦵һм˵
꣡
ɫĹӰ֮γɵĽӰڿռŤײ
ʲô
⡭ôܣĹôô࣡ܣⲻܣ򱦵һ¶֮ɫ
ͷų֮ǰ򱦵Ѿ뾰Խֺܳʱ䣬ԾԵսѾˡ


1517 ɱ򱦵
ʱ򱦵˸оԴ߷ĽӰ̺ܣƺǰǿ
ʵ֤ĸоûд
ӶĹӰ뽣ӰŤײ֮УܿͿʼɢ
ѧֵסھʩչĻ֮

򱦵æ߶ת֮
֮ǰ򱦵׼ʱӦԾԵ깥㡣ԵĽӰס
ûʱ˼ˡ
䡭
һ֮򱦵˵Ӱɳȥ
߾ȫȻɵסԵĽӰ
Ӱһ˸׷ȥϼٴɱɫ̺ɫĽӰһŸոס򱦵ϯ˹ȥ
ⲻܣôͻȻ֮ôǿ򱦵˴˻
ܼ򵥡ǰ㽻ʱһṳ̂ʾ硣ڣѾʾߣսȻǿˡԵĮޱ˵
ʲôǰ㻹ʾ磿ܣԲܣ򱦵޷ܾԵĻش
߶ԻԲ֮Ϣı仯Ѿʽӽ˺ѷֳԣ򱦵˵ˣŻʶΪǰ̤ʾ硣
ò˵򱦵ʾߣʵȷʵǿΪǿߣûеġһʣǴ糤ϻд峤ϣܶԶԶ򱦵˵ս
Ҳˣ򱦵˵ıҲǲ򱦵ˣһʥʦĲƸһܱȵġ򱦵ȻҲǷǳˣϱ䱦ǳ֮࣬Ҷǿ
򱦵˷Լս羰֮󣬾ͽȡһֵԵĹһʱ䣬뾰ƴ˸ƾСԶ򣬶ûܶ򱦵Ч˺
ϼһӲаת
Ҫʹ籩ССڣ׼ͨСڡ
򱦵˵ķ̫࣬ҶǷǳǿķк䱦ԣû֮ɱ򱦵ˣǹҪܳʱ䡣
Բôʱĥ䡣
籩һתԴ߶籩
򱦵ˣʵһֱڽ䱸Ե깥һԼ屻ôɲ֮䣬Ϳʧȥһֱ־߶ȼС
Ե籩ʩչ򱦵Ҳȷʵˡǣûиֵ籩ĹԵĻ֮ѾǳǱֳֵ깥ô͵ס֮Ĺ
򱦵˷һҽС
ڲҽУ򱦵ܵķʱ֮࣬ٻɢ
ռޣʩչռ
Ե壬ʧԭءһ̣򱦵˵ĸֲֳϼ򱦵˺ݺݵĴ̳һ
򱦵ܵķâѾʣ²ࡣھһ̳֮󼸲âҲ顣
ϼֱӲ򱦵˵ؿڡһɿֲ˳ƴӽ򱦵˵ڡ
򱦵ˣûк
ת˲֮䣬򱦵˵ĲҽֹڿоҵĶ˼£֮׹ȥɢ
ˣ
򱦵ˣ
ԶˣߣŵĿһĻ
ʥûƾްæȫƾԼʵɱ򱦵ˣ
ǰʥǽǿߣ
군ˣưӽ쿪ʼͽɢ
ھ֮Щ߻ع̾˵
ʥشսʼ֮ǰˣʥأҲþʥǾˣΪȡʤʥؽΪʷĳ
ڣ򱦵ˣѾնɱˡ
Ը磬Сһ³򣬷ɵߡ
㲻˵һֻɱһֻϣҲԷ˷ۡ
СŤŤͷ
ȻϣҲһֻǿءС˵һ䡣
ҡҡͷĿһתսλá
սλãʱɱڼ֮УѾԶԶǰˡڣһӪߣʧȥɱǼһĳԱĻ̥óǸûмʥɱȥ־
Ӱһ˴սϼֱڿռնһӰһӰĿ꣬ǻ봵糤ɱͼʡ
ͼʵˣֻǱ糤ϲסû롣ʱܵһɿֲɱԼʱð
ʥֻҪŹңԸʥΪЧͼʴġ


1518 䶨
ͼʻˡ
ھԵĻ֮£Ǳ糤һĳ촷ۡ
ͼԭ봵糤ʵƾеģ˽Ҫֳʤѡھʩչ֮ɱͼͼ˼ȫˡ
ʵĶս֮Уƾ£ʱ䣿ͼһģ㱻糤ֱˡ
ˣ򱦵˺ͼȺ䡣ߣͨһ͸ûս־ˡ
ʥ
򱦵ûͷ֮ˣԺ޿ʥ档ҾãǲǵΪֹʥ࣬˵
ʱһҲǰġ
ڰ
֪ĽʥھӦʥؽˡܵõһɵԴͬһӡ
ͺڵϻһ㡣
ϻԺ벻ⶼˡ磬ʥ֮⣬Ժһϻȣ
ֻǣѾˡ
ãƾʲôӦõΪֹתĿ࣬˵
ɫһڡ
ʥĪ뽫Ǽŵնɱô磬ʣ¶ߣʵһǧɣתúܿ졣
ԻȻЦ
ԣ㲻Ҫ̫ǲ·ơܽȫɱʥأҲضһȺ˵ᣡв˵
ʱԼŵߣкܶġ
ɱʼڣȻ˫˲ߣʼʱٶһɱ˴ǣŵȻв١
εûʲô
ЩƴǼ㾰ԡʹλǿȫɱҲҪһЩʱ䡣ʱЩȷʵȻܶʥصĳԱ˺
ʱвң
û벽ϻϼӶ⴩
λεǿߣԻ֮ϯҪֵԡǣסƴȫҲסԵĻ֮
һɨ䡣
˼ŵ㣬ǿʼ궯һ׼ƴ
ȫǻ·ǿ϶Ҫƴ֮ǰһ汳ġ
ǣˡʱ򿪿ڣɨĳԱ
ڸղɱ֮УûɱʥسԱˣҿԲ׷ǣɱʥسɵˣҾŹմʥѪˣԵȫ
ЩûɱʥسԱߣԶɳһЩʥسԱѪߣɫҰס
СҪſ񣡱㣬ǧڿɲ㣬ƴˣǧڵɱǧһŭȴ
ڸղţɱ˺üʥصĵ۾֮µվⷬ˼Ȼɡ
ǧԾŭȴδžԳȥǧڵӳɱʱȴͻȻһת෴ķٷɳۣȻǴܡ
ߣΪܵõ۾΢΢һС
Ӱ֣һ磬׷ǧֱնɱ
֣մȾͬѪˣȫɱɭȻ˵
˻˻
䣡
飡
˫ٴɱ
ӪߣЩûɱʥسԱˣûж֣ԶԶıܿȻҲвƱҪߣ˾Ժٺ١
ھԡʹ˵Ŀ֮£һһߣϵıɱ
Լʮʱɱֹͣ
飬ͺܼˡ
ֱӽɢ̨ڵһӴԺʥأΪʥصĸ
һԺЩҪְλʥֱԭϣҲҪʥصܼΡ粻ͨ飬ᱻְ
ԴˣһĳԱҲκε顣˵ܻѾޱ˵ˡǵʥأⲻĽ
˵ʵ㾰ʥҪһɢҲòܣһ㡣
峤ϣ飬鷳һ¸ɡ糤ϣҲҪһ£ȥܲǵı⡣
мĻҾͲ˵ˡԺ󣬻ͬ糤һͬǰԴϻڿԵõеһɡ
Խ˵仰鰲ȥԼСһ뿪


1519 Ը磬㿴Ư
ȻѾ뿪һɫӰȻӡ˵Ժ֮С
˵ʥܹʥһˣռ˾ųϵĹ͡
ûоʥʥؾԲĶ֡ⳡսҲʥظΪ֡
ʥһˣʥء
ֱ뿪ԶЩΧ۵ߣŶоͷĪһɡʥʱǷ·ҴϢ
ǡһǿߣ
֮£ܹƥоʥ
ھʥ򱦵˵Ľ֮УɱƾĹ͡ǣʥնɱ򱦵ˣûҪæʥһˣɱ򱦵ˡ
򱦵ˣǰһֱΪǿߡھʥǰλǿҲѲ˱ɱˡ
սȻѾǹھʥĴ˵ڣĿʼ
ʥΪ֮󣬶Ӱˡ

ԴСǰصɽ
СѵǾʼ֮һʼͬȵĴڣԿС
ѯʣֻΪĴսһֱ͵ڲʡ
ӦǵİɣСͷƺڻ䡣
ֻһЩģļ䡣ֻǵãҺ˺ܴΣգûа취ֻʱΣաֻǣ˵Ӱܴܴͷ\Գ֣ҿܻܱءСﻺ˵

ֻһЩģļ䣿ʶĵ
ǰڸոջʵܵءǿ֮ҵļҲָġԸ磬ģǿˣܰɱķˡСԴ°
ʵܵͣ
С㻹ڵʱ򣬾ɻɱ۷ںʵͣҪɱǺҲһ㡣ҡҡͷ

ʵڻûôǿǺ֮ԱҳԵˣʵΪηҡУɱ\ԵĽ⣬ҲڵǣʱµĻСƺЩΪ顣
̲ס˷ۡ
ڴ൱ʲôΪ˿ʵ
ܡӦáԸһ㡣൱ͨɣС£Ů˵
仰ԺһͷԵιȥ
൱ͨ
СǲǸˣǸ򱦵ˣɲͨʲУǺǿġ̤һˣԽ˵
ûûԸ˵򱦵ˣڵʵǿˡС˵
ǡ㲻˵ֻǿһ㻹Ҫɱ
ֻŻİҵʱ뽫߰ˡֲ֪Ը㾳ͻˡ

Щˡ
ʱԲòԼʱͻˣûͻƣһлĺ˵
ͨСĽԴԼ֪һЩ
ڵ͵ʱ򣬾ԵõСɵİ׵һֱСػҪΪûкʵӡСҪҪ㹻ͨԴҪ޾ͨޣɲС
ΪˣСһֱƿǶֱ\Եĳ֡򱦵˵\ԣѾǿҪɱĴڣСʳ\ԣõ㹻ƿ
С֮ǰȻƿҲһЩʶģ֪һЩԵֻǣԲ֪ڵǵСһֱԼˡ
Ը磬ɲܲҰҪܶܶܳɳָԣԸøҳԵģ
ҲûʲôҪ󣬾Ǹ䱦̺䱦ԡ
бԴǻ֮ԴͺܺóԵģ
УܸҳԣûϵбԴһıҲУ
ż񾧣̫˰Ǹһָģ

ʶԼ鷳ˡСӦȷʵʼֻΪ֪ʲôΣգòǣһֱһԻʲôԣԾҪĻ֮Դ֮Դ
Ը磬㲻ҪСһָʵҿɺġҪָʵҲһڳԵģҼǵãںܾúܾǰҳԹСಽĸžԡ
һߡ
Ը磬ȵҡ㿴ܱóӡҸ㣬Ͳ̫עĿˡС˵ţܷ֮ת
Ƭ̺ȻıģһϮȹŮ
Ը磬㿴Ư𣿡
ɽʥ֮ڡ
㣡
ֶŮ
С˸߷;ѩޱȡȻ֪߷;ѩӵ͵һֱھԵǬС֮ڣ˵ԾϷһж˽⡣
ǡ߷￴˿ûεСãȻĿ˿ԡ


1520 ɽ
߷;ѩһֱʥ㲻
ʥⳡսŮ֪Ҳ¶ŮģԲδ
ھͻȻһŮ߷ﵱȻ֡ңŮΪ㡣ΪҪƽ㣬ŮԼ๫ʲôϵ
ԴʱŶǺߡ
Ǿʼ֮һ˵ʼޣ
ðɣΪûлָ⡣ȵָͲˡ
ֻ߷һ¡
߷˵ŮȻ崫˵֮еǿ߾ҲǾò˼顣
㣬ֽи߷ֽСҽ㣬𣿡СŸ߷֡
ֿ򾰶ѩ˵ֶŮ˵ҵĻԲԣ
ѩ˿СĬȻ
Ǵ˵еľǺܹϡڣ߷˵ǾѾܴܴܴ
Ǻܾǰϸ˵ҳһءСǿʶ
߷Ҳ֪˵ʲôˡ
֮཮򣬵֮⡣
ԺСӰӻ𽥽ӽ硣
һλĿġһΪ˱𡣵ڶǻһԼǸʦŵʦɽɽ
ûø߷;ѩһ
߷;ѩʵܵͣߣҲ಻֮߷֮󣬸߷ԼҲɽȽϺá߷ﵱȻҲھߣҲ֪ԼĿǰΪﲻϾһæֻΪԵİͶѩɽԵѡ
ԭҲСһ཮ġֻǣСｫɽıڼ֮ھͳžԲעԵ˽ӽһ֮󣬾Բòı⡣
ûоɽ˭ҹСʼ棿
Ǵʹ峤ϣҲСʥر⡣
󣬾Сߣò˶ãʥرܾͻһˡԣվԸı⣬òСһص཮硣
硣
һν磬ҲǲһЩп
ǵõһʱ򣬾ԻֻһСС񾳽ߡ񣬾Ѿʾʦտͬε
߳һǾ
֪ʦտ֪ҵľͬʱʲôıءЦЦ
Ը磬ɵЦʲôСھߣ޹ʷЦʵ
ûʲôһ֡
СҾ㣬һᵽɽȣɲҳԣԾС
ǾԹСģСһԻþԶЩµĴԻ
ڴ཮ʱ·;֮Уǡһ̺ʯ
Сʲô
ʱСͽǿԵ֮һеʯȫԿաʣµĶһЩϣǿһ򶼻ᱻԵ
δСǰɽȣԿɲ뿴Сｫɽȶˡ
Ը磬˼ʲôʱҳˣСһί˼ָֻʵҲðԸɱ
Է˷ۡ
ɽ֮󣬾Ժܿʦѡ
ʦ֣ǾŶ񾳽磬һֱûܽΡ
ѿԣ΢΢һ䣬һͳ
ʦܣԭһȽԸˣԾԣȴԵúǸˡ
ʦ֣æ
ȻѾʲɼյʦ֣ȴһӶûСʦǰԹȥһ
Сӣɽȣû೤ʱ䣬ÿζǺѶʦ㶼ҲˡľԵļ
ֻøЦһ
ڻУ磬޷紫Ѷ硣
λǣѿ˿С
ʦ֣СԼ򵥵Ľһ£δ˵Сݡ
ǲʦ֣ҪСľǽ϶ֺ鷳
ʦֿ˿СǾСϢЩŹ֡Ҳû룬ǺͰʦܾһģӦû⡣
Ըʦ֣ҲʦֺˡҽСʦԺŶСƤЦ˸к
СѿˡεĴһ
ʦ֣ʦ𣿡תʵ
ʦڲɽȣŴʦ֡ʦǰŽˡʦҡҡͷ
ʦܣҴѶλʦãӻлˡʦ˵ţȡԼĴѶʯѶλʦá
ԱʦȥտȥŽʲôʦѶʦʦ㣬ҲûڡһѯʣҲ޲ɡ

ʦܣЩʦ֮УѼϴ磬ѾǶǰˣʦʦܻˣȸϹ


1521 Ž
ԴӰʦտʺȷʵûô
ʦֺã΢Цʦֹ˹֡
û̸ֽ䣬Сʦ׺쳿Ҳˡ
ʦտʵİ״֮Уֻ׺쳿ŮԣҲǾΨһʦ㡣
׺쳿չʦֺʦҲ̳ھǰ
Լ򵥶˽һСĿٶСͣƬ̣ҲûжʣСҲΪ
ʦܣʱѵһֱڻ֮У֮ʦžʵ
ʵҲڻУʱ䣬ڡЦЦ˵
磿
ʦܣȥˣʦһ
ֵˣҲ֪ĴڡǶδȥ硣
཮۾֮£һ㶼뿪཮򡣾磬Ҳ཮֮ߡ뿪཮򣬶˵ǱȽΣյġ
ϾڻУȺЩȺǿߣͻĿԾͺܴ󡣶Ҿ㲻Ⱥ֮Ҳɱ
ԣ붼ǵ۾ε
ǰʱ򣬾ԵʵѾԽܶ۾ˡ
Ҳûʲôģ཮˶١ֵѯʣЦŻӦ˵
ʦܣʦ״֮УʦһڣļʶȴǳǴˡʦЩп˵
ǰǰ˸ʦ֮УҲʹʦֺͶʦȥʦֵͷ˵
Եʦ֣Ҳǵ۾û
ʵ˵Ȼ཮򣬵཮򲢲ǺԶ𿪱ٵĳ֮أǴ཮֮ڡ
Ա˵཮ڵġ
λʦֻк쳿ʦ㣬Ժȥ翴Ըңҿ԰šЦ˵
ʦܣ˵õöࡣǿߣҲҪһЩʵȥ磬һǿˣǿɾͺճˡֻ£ӣڵҲ̫áʦҡҡͷ˵
ǰҲ˵˵ʾǿߣֻһǿߣ͸ˣܶࡣʦҲͷ˵
ЦЦ
λʦ֣һǲصġ磬ҵĻǱȽзġȥ磬ȫ϶⡣˵
Ѿ磬ʥƿءԼʥʥ˭ҶԼʦʦ㶯֣
ˣʦֺͶʦأûɽ𣿡תʵ
λص磬ɽȡһΪʦտʣһҲһЩλʦʦ㡣
ʦֺͶʦ֣ʦȥŽˡ˵һʱħ춯ԣŽǴٿʦǵͷˣǰμӡʦֶԾ˵
ħ춯
ǰڵõϢֻ֪࣬ħȽϻԾ񻹹ı߽ؾӡʦֽӿڴŭ˵
򣬾ԵȻҲ֪ڴ֮ս󣬲űŴ綨
˵ˣʵǴ֮սսǰħǳսҪսڵ
ཫħ֮󣬽򣬾ͳһ߽ľŴ磬Ҳɳһ֧ǳǿľӣ򣬷ħٴַ
λʦԣԵ˵ͷ
λʦֿ֪ɽɽϢ̧üʵ
Ҳʦȥ˾ŽǣɽɽûϢԴ֮ǰǴν磬ûлʦ˵
ɽɽϢ֪һЩ֪ɽɽҪʦܲעһ¡ɽɽ磬Ӧǽһյ޷ûܳʦֶԾ˵
ţԵͷ˵ʦʲôʱܻصأ
ͺ˵ˣŪħ嶯֮ǰܶھͲصɡȥŽǣǵĶǿߣ붼ʦһͬȥˡʦ˵
ü
Ҳȥ˾ŽǣҪΪ˱ҪôõҪô͵ȥŽǡ
Ҿȥһ˾Žǰɡֹһ䡣
ʦܣʵǲһɽȵʱϢҸоƺ׺쳿ʦ΢΢źÿüžʵ
ϴξԻɽȼʦտʵʱ׺쳿Ҳԡ׺쳿Ȼֻȴ쳣


1522 Ե
ԾڵΪʩչ˵׺쳿ʦտʶ
׺쳿ƾУоϢɲ⡣
׺쳿ĻЦЦ
ԸҲʾ磬ûΪ𡣡Сʱ򿪿˵
СɽȣһֱڳԺȣûֹͣ˵һּʳһöֵ񣬶СӰ졣
ֵˣСĻɫùŹ
ʾ磿
λСڿЦɣǵʦտ£Ҳʾ硣ѾʲεǺǵʦտһĲΣ
Եһʱ򣬻һСС񡣺ͨŵȵȻ̤Ŷ񾳽硣
Ҳ֪Խ֮أҴӳ֮س̤硣ͨмʵʵڲ˺üΡ
ˣ󲻵ѾʲΡ
˵Ŀ⣬ֻøЦһ˵ȷʵѾ̤ʲΡ
׿ڳϣ˶һ
λʦ֡ʦ㣡
ҴǰŽǿԺͻ뿪硣æתƻ⡣
뿪֮ǰ뽫׼һ͸ǣȡһƿ
ЩƿڣʢŵĵҩǼƺ׵
ʱ򣬾ԾͽЩҩ׼ˡ
ʦܣЩƿʢŵǵҩ𣿡ʦָƿʵ
ûЩƵĵҩԵͷ
ʦܣʦİ˸״УʦģҲСġʦţǶûʲôʦְڰ˵
Ȼ֪óĵҩ϶ͬһ㣬ܿһЩ񵤣ҪʦҲЩΪ顣
ǶûʲôİýܾԵ
Ц˵ʦ֣ȱżܾ
ҽЩҩЧ˵һ˵ʱ㻹£Ҳǿġô˵ȻҲǹģſЦ˼
⼸ʦʦ㣬ɶûлﵽԲģûһˣòƺ׵Կȷһ˵ƺ׵Чûܾܾ
ĵҩһֽƺ׵Ķ񵤡Խ˵
ƺ׵
ʦܣƺ׵ʲôҩôû˵ʦ̾ʵ
ˣҲһɻǣ˵ƺ׵
˻ûùеĶ񵤣Ӧ˵ɾ˵ƺ׵ȫû˵
ʦ˵ԿЦЦ˵
ƺ׵ȷʵǱȽϺġʥʦӦҲơʥʦûƵǲ֪
ƺ׵ЧҲܼ򵥣ƺ׵һǷΪֱ֣𡢿ľˮ׺ͺƺ׵ҩЧߵĻ򾳽硣ƺ׵ߵ򣬵һٷְٿɱ䵽ڶڶ򣬰ٷְٿɱ䵽нϴĻɱռ򡣡
ЩҩƣҪĲϷǳԣλʦֺʦ㣬ÿˣʱֻһƺ׵ǡĳѾﵽռΣҪƺ׵дԻ˵ƺ׵ĹЧһ顣
Խܵƺ׵Ч˶ˡ
ϣȻĵҩڣߵ򾳽磿
ⵤҩҲ̫˰ɣ
ʦֿ˿ԣֿ˿ƿղţ˵Ҫġ˵ƺ׵ĹЧ֮ˡ
ȻҩЧ˷˼ǶɾԵĻԼȻô˵ƺ׵ضЧġ
ʦ֣һƺ׵Ƚһƺ׵ݸʦ֡
ʦ֣˳־Ϳٽ˹ȥ
ʦܣҾͲˡ㶼ʾǿߣɱǿˡҲѿʦָĿˡ
˶ЦЦȻûȡЦʦ֡
ʦ֣һݣ
ʦ֣ƺ׵ģԿʦѡ
ʦܣ㽫ƺ׵ҾУģңҲòʦְڰ˵
ʦ֣ǾŶ񾳽磬ͨǡĿǰҲ򣬶ǵһ򡣶һŶԣһ򣬶Ƿǳ˲ˡʦֲƥͨ
ѵ˼Ҳס
ʦʱѾܳˣһṳ̂硣Ժ󣬻֪ҪʱܳΪⱲӶ޷̤磬Իһ־ͺѵˡյڶֻ򣬼ûκϣġ
ԣ˵Ҳƺ׵õ


1523 
ʦ֣Ҫ˵ʦ֡
Ҫʦֵĵҩʦ֡ʦҪһš
ŵҩϵʦͣھŶ񾳽Ѿܾãڻϣȫ㹻ˣǷȱģֻһδźϵʦаȻҲ˵ʦʹúϵһ̤ΡܲܳɹҪʦԼ
Եݸʦֵƿ
ϵʦȻ˿ԡ
ţʦźϵİ֮£һܹԵͷ˵
ϵ˵ǿ˵δ
ʦɫ΢΢Ǻ죬ӹ˾Եݹƿ
ʦܣлĻҾͲ˵ˡʦѣžԡ
ʦֲҿ԰ڰ֡
ʦ֣һݣֶʦֵ
ʦܣҾͲˡʦֹһЦӹҩ
Сʦ㣬ģԽҩȫ͵˼λʦ֡ʦС
Ƭ̣Աǣ׼뿪
СˣüкڳԺȵС
磬ɽȣСԵԴԼˡǣĿǰΪֹСûκλָʵļ󡣾Բ֪СҪԵԴָܻʵ˵ԣСԼҲûһȷĸֻ֪ԼҪܶܶ
뿪ɽȺ󣬾Գ˵磬Žǰ
ŽǣȻھŴ֮ڣҲ཮򡣴ӵ絽Žǣ·;ǺңԶżռ޸·Ҳͼʱ䣬ǵִ˾Žǡ
ŽԭҲһȽϻڴ֮ս󣬲űٳŽٿ֮
Žᣬƽʱ϶ǲٿģֻħ춯֮ʱŻٿԲߡÿξŽٿŴͷˣҪϯμӡ
ħвϵû˸ΪϷ
ǾŽˣԴСվڻУǰĻɫ
Žǲ󣬾Եһɨͷ˾Ž񹬡
ռʩչһ̣ԴС˾Ž֮⡣
ԵͻȻ֣ʵһȷߣɳһӳǱ˾ǰ
ǺˣôŽǣӳԾԺȵ
ӳҲһ۾ߡھŽ֮⣬ϰԶεǿߡ
ȻߣЩǺܿͽ԰Χм䡣
Ž֮ڣʱ£ˣǾŴ۷ǿߣǳӣǿǴ¡ЩΣػŽ񹬣˵ȽӽӰ쵽Žᡣ
ǾŽ񹬣
ȻӳãȻֿʵ
ûǾŽ񹬡֪Ž񹬣ӦҲһЩʶˡˣ뿪ŽǣͲ׷ôˡӳֶԾ˵
żż
˵ģˣǾԣԵ硣˳һԼ
ԣЩ죡ӳǵߣ˵Ե֡
ڵ磬Եֿ˵˲֪˲磬ҲһЩߣ˵Ե֡
ˣǧǰտʣһ״ӾǽоԡӳžԣȻ˵ԡ
տʣҵʦ𡣡ЦЦ˵
ӳü˾Ƭ̡
ԵѣտʵĵӣҲ㴳Ž񹬡ʱھŽڣŴͷ˻۷ǿ߶ڡԣҲܷȥ֪տ״ӣӳ̬Կ˲١
ݵá
¾ֻһͨߣֻҪմ״ӵݣҲǿ߲̫ġ
Ҫʦ鷳æȥͨһȻЦݡ
ðɣȺȥͨһӳһ£ͷͬˣ˵һתžŽȥ
ŽڣŴľͷ۹ħһ顣
գҲԵΪơ
ŽŽ񹬺һĿ⣬㶼ϡ
ʲô飿һǿߣĿɨӳ󣬵ͳʵ
տʴ˵״Ӿԣ˵ҪʦտʣҽͨһʱԾھŽ֮⡣ӳ΢΢ͷ˵
ŴߣֳɲͬȺ塣ÿһͷˣһλͷͷ֮£ǸǿߣߺͲֶ۾ߡ
տʵߣԵǿߡ
ߣ湻ģѵǾСӵĹͨĽͨѵ֪£һ̶


1524 ɱ
仰ӳʵϾ辰ԡ
֮˵Щ£ǸʲôȻûвµʸ
տ⻰ϣҲ΢΢¶һ˿áתĿ˵ˣԵ
뾰ԣŻʱ򣬾˳ͻʱ𣬲뾰Զ֣տټԣ治ȫûжֵĿܡ
ԾԣһֱԹŻϣΪԣŶ档Ϊ£αһЩȡЦԣʱˣһ̲סͽⷬ˵˳
ӳĻɫҲһһסôҲһ۾˵˺ҲԲǳ顣
Ȼŭúܣӳһ£˭ֻһͨ۾Էȴǿߡ
տʴˣûпУͳȥþԵȺ򡣡ӳտʣ˵
ϻ࣬㵽֪֪ʲô飿տʣʱʱȥǾԣȥСӹԶԶģָʹȵ
𣡡տʴü
һЩߣҲ΢ü
ڵΪȷʵЩˡô˵Զտʵ״ӡ㲻ԷҲӦøտӡ
Ͼտǵͷˣ཮ľŴͷ֮һλͷǰտ޹ˡ
տʴʱȷʵЩŭˡǣֲóԳ˵ĻȻҲȫûеڣŴǿ߾ۼھŽħȷʵҲ˶ȥԼĵӾԡ
Ǻǡտʺ֣Цûм˵
տµѣĵ㣬кҪ顣ǿͣһ¡һ
˵ˣһɫ۵ģˡˣͬ཮Ŵͷ֮һڵʲǿߡ
ʦҪҳȥʦרŽǣкҪ顣տ˵
ҲǾԵĴʦ֡˴βμӾŽᣬտʴ֮УֻдʦֺͶʦĳԱ
ţҲãտµ˵ͷ
ʦ֣ӳ˵ͷˣҪŴ֮ȥ
´עһ㣬ҪˣܴҵĻ顣һ𣬳ӳ˵
ǣӳӦ

ʦ֣Կӭǰּ
ʦܣ㣡δˡԣҲ˵úܣһ粽͵˾Եǰ
ţȷʵһʱûʦˡԵ˵ͷ˵ʦ棿
ţǰʱжңħؾӡԣŴ磬¶ǳӡʦҲŵǿ߹˸ͷˣһжƻʦᵽħ壬ɫء
ˣʦܣ֪ھŽǵģ̧üʵ
һعˣʦ˵ġ΢Ц
ѹ֣ʵҲµԿ϶Ž֮ǰع硣
СλҵĴʦֵ𡣡ԶС֡
СӰһ˵ʦֵǰĿ˵һۣĴһк
ԱСǬСڴŵģֻСﲻԸ⣬ҲֻңҲСǬСĻ֮Դˮ֮Դ֮Դˡ⼸бԴǾΪҪԴ
еˮ֮ԴɽģξԻ཮ҲһˡȻԶԴҲʥڶ߲﹵ͨ˶Դ˶ûκ顣
ûоԣʥؿܶˡˮ֮Դʥضˣһֻʲô壿ԣʥû˷Ծˮ֮Դ
ʦ֣ΣŴǿߣӦѾһʱ˰ɣǲҪɳǰ򣿡Լʦڹ۲Сת˻⣬ʵ
ţ϶Ҫ˵ġ۵ĽǣһǰħĿǰȻһЩ춯ҡԣŴ羭鶼ΪʱҪģĳߡǣҲܲκ׼ҵ˼ǣһɳһЩǰ
ǣŴ磬ڶԼǰ򡣰ħĲƣǻﹴĶǣ治֪ǲǸ˵ɱʦ̾ϢһҲЩΡ


1525 Ϊ
ǰĴ֮սȺʧءǳսǾŴսһЩǿҲֱӲС
磬Ȼ𿪱ٳ磬ǾŴȫ𣬵һάתǣŴǷȺĸȺҡ
ҲǴӾŴ߳ȥģ
֮սҲһЩ𶼳ģжһս֮СȻħһͬвħ
ΪŴĳԱʧ̫أŴ磬ÿһܷǳϧԼߡ
˽ˣȷʵֻǼ
Ҳ壬ǿ
ڵʦ˵ģҲ⡣ħٴȫ濪սÿһ綼û·ȫԸҲͰˡڣֻһСģĳͻŴĸȻ뽫Ƶ˵ͷϡ
ԣרŽʦ£žʵ
ʵιҪġҡҡͷ˵
𣿡
İ࣡ʦ˵ʱϸֳŭ
ĶôҲǵߣȴ˵ʦ治ӦôμӾŽᡣʦҧгݵ˵
Ҳ
ʦ֣Ҳˣͽȥ۸磬۸ʦտʣҲôףɷЦŽȥ
ԵѡӳҪȥæ
λѣסҡʵҲҡһΣҸ𼴿ɡԿӳܵڶͨ
ӳˣǿ˿ԣֿ˿
ʦܣɲҪ棬ۼžŴĴִˣֻʦҲסʦִԡ
ʦַģзִ硣ҲԵӦһ䡣
üžԣûȰ˵ӳ𶼲ֹԣҲҡҡͷ˵һߡտʵ״ӣ⣬˼ҲտλͷţһСС۾ʶȤá

Խ˾ŽڲС澰ԽŲʦ֣С档
ھԽʱ򣬾һЩӵƺ۵úܼҵӡͻȻֺеȻֹһĿ⣬˾Եϡ
ߣȻ󲿷ֶʶԡߣʶԵľͲˣӰĶࡣ
Ǻˣ
󵨣ôŽ񹬣õ
ڣ
һʱ𣬳žŭȡ
΢УɨЩŭȵˡЩڵģ͵۾ľͷûһǳġ
ڵȺ֮УҲ˾ԣ΢΢Ȼ֮Ǳ㸡ֳһĨЦ·ҪſЦӡ
λѣ
ǾԣĴˣǵһμҡûϵǰûʶҲʶˡԴ˵
ԣȫûб˺ǳӦеĳϻ̳Ͽ֡
ʦ󣬾ֶտ΢΢
տ¿˿ԣֿ˿оʦտµҲֻ¶һЦı顣
̫ˣ̫ˣ
տʣô˵Ȼ״ӣҲ˷ɣ㿴һʲô̬ȣֱȫǷһߣָ֣žԣտʴʵ˵
ǺǣЩˣԼб˶޿κξͺƤЦ粻ЦĵȻûָգ˭ó˵˭
ɨһۡ
ָԼߡ
Ҳ֪ʲô֣Ҳ֪Ҫ֣صľ㣬òҪָңˣбָ˵Զߡ
΢΢һ㶣һûӦ
΢ʱɫǺ죬Щ߳ŭ
ˣڣһʲǿ߿ڣľͷ«
ָžԵҲǵߡ
Լͷ˺ֹӲǲʱĽֱ˻ȥ
«ӾϿɨֿտʡ
տ£ӣȷʵЩˡΪӦöӹ̲ܽǡʲôϣһСΪҪԿģ«ʶտ˵
ûжԾ˵ʲô
ԻûԻʸԣìͷָտʡ
տһ
ԣȻˣǾ͹һɣտƵĶԾ˵ξŽ˵Ҫħ飬Ҳá


1526 ƿ
ھԸոսŽ񹬵ʱտҲ΢üˡȻҲΪԲʺϴʱŽ񹬡
ǵ«ʵ˵Щտµ˼֮ˡ«ԾԻտ£¡
ǲǾþûʸμӾŽƫƫþԲԻΪϣﲻڳڶǸΡɾԣտµ״ӣ
ԾԣҪտ´ӦӦ
տʶԾ֮ڳˣɫৡһˡ«ʣ˫Ŀ֮УڵһӾȼ
տ£ֱӴող˵̫տҪܽԼӣտ··ûĻɫоԵСһμӾŽᡣ
տ£
㻤̿ԣҲҪһ³ϰɣ«ǹЦɭȻӾɨ
ԴСʹʦֵѾߵʦտʵߡ
ʦ˭úܣ̧̧ü«һۡ
ʵѾ֪«ʵݡ
ǰȷʵʶ«ʣɷŴʦֵѾԽ«ʵݣԾ֪ˣǵͷˣҲ཮Ŵͷ֮һ
ԣλ«ʣͷˡտû̫ԾԽһ«ݡ
ѹ֣ԭǵͷˣֲһ߸ϵļơͷˣҲŴɣλ«˵ͺѾƿȫŴһҡͷ
ھտµļ򵥶ԻУ«ʼֱҪըˡ

СòҪս̵ļޣ«ŭĶžԡ
ΪǾŽ񹬣̲ܶסѾԾԳˡ
һ㶼ûɣڵ֮ڣһЩ֪ߵغСҶκβԻֱּɱˡǾŽ֮ڣŴͷ˶ڣ֣Ȼ׵˵СʦտʣҲǲǵĴڡ
ô˵𣿡«Ҫ˵Ŀ⣬û˿ã߶ӡ
«ʣԼ
ҽŽ֮ǰûеɣһ治֪֮ʲôԹУ«ʸ֪
ûУҾͺˡΪԴҽ֮ʹңңʦտʡڣ㵹ս̵ļޡѵԼãܿЦ𣿡ٴĵ
ʵھԽĿɲֻ«ʡڳģһЩ𡢵۾Ӿԡ˭У«أԵȻìͷ׼
Եⷬ«Щˡ
˵ȷʵȡǣѹûΪԼ⡣ΪһʼûԷԼͬһˮƽλϡǰûֱӶԾ˵ʲô
ڱʣʶĻȻȡ
ЦʲôЦ«ʺܿ췴Ӧ
ǾŽ񹬣ŽڽŵٿǣҲħַ顣ȳϣⴳ룿«ʺȵ
«ʡҵø㣬һ࣬ԵߡħַҲ񡣼ȻӦħ壬Ϊħμӣʲô𣿡Լʵ
СֱμӾŽ࣬ǾŴĶߡСƾʲôμӣ«ʼɫ
«ʣôʣŽоĹ涨涨ʲô߲ܲμӾŽ᣿üʵ
«סˡ
סˡ
ΪŽٿûй涨μҪﵽʲôҪ
һֱҲղŽγɣԴħ཮ַԣμӾŽߣҲȷʵǾŴ֮ΪǿһʵͣҲǵ۾Ƕĵ۾
ǣŽᣬûй涨˵μ߱ľ
«ʣƿˡ
ʵҲ֪ŽûĹ涨ǣУԾ˵ҲѹԣһǿʲߡûʸμӾŽᣬ཮֮Умʸμӣ
Сѣ
ʱһ˫ĿߣԾ΢΢ЦЦڽгԵ֡
ߣǵһͷˣǲʡ
Žᣬȷʵûй涨ߵ硣ǺǣСѼȻѾǱʶҲ޷ǲʿ˿Щܻ«ʡ
տµѣǾŴͷ˾ۼڴˣĿӦħ֮ƣҿͲҪʱ䣬˷ں֮ΣǲֿտЦ˵


1527 ʱ
«ĶţŽ񹬶ҩζ
ٲͣ«ʺܿ߳ŭ֡һ«ʳ֣տʱضԼĵӱɱô«տʾͿܽ֡ͷ˺͵ͷ˴֣Ϳܵߴģĳͻ
ǲʣбҪֿܷĳͻɱҡ֮С
Ȼˣտʻ«ʣҲҪӵġһ磬Ŵ֮еλΪġ
ڴ֮ǰһǿģԶ硣ǣ֮սһʧҲġһ˸磬ѾǺܴˡǲΪһͷˣǺͷŷġ
ǲԼǡԣʵһ㣬ٳˡտǶǲ˵һ䣬ֶԾԳ
տʵ«һ˺ӵƨɡ
ҧҧջǽŭӲĳǲʹ˹֣ŤͷҲٿԺտµˡ
зģлᣬһҪǾСɱ
ڵȺУȻʧԭϣ«ʱԼŭһ֡û뵽ǲͻȻ֣ʱ˫ìܵͣˡ
ԣŷ
ԸоҲ΢΢תɨһۡһŽǣͱɣ
λͬ
Ǽħ⡣
ħȻ춯ĿǰһЩСԣҲһΪҪǲǰ򡣵ǣҲȫ֮ǱߵؾѹܴǻҪɳһЩߣǰؾӵѹǲ˵
ǲѣҼָղŵΪһΣӦɵǰ򡣡«ʴ˵
«ѣħ壬Ⱥ干ͬΡǲҡҡͷ˵ֻõǰ򣬶ԵԣȻǲƽġ
ǲѣ«ѵ˼ֻеǰֵؾѹ磬ҲǰǣҪΪͷˣҲ˵
ȻλͷˣȽͬ«ʵ˼
ţҾһҲҪǲ̫ˣɳһ֧ɶʮһ۾ɵĶͿԡɵ磬ʮʮ۾ģٴһաھͷ˵ͷ˵
ʦտߣܸоտؿڵʱʦտʵ϶ǲƽ
Щ쵰ֱ۸ˡ硢͵ھļͷˣ֮ܿǰˡڣͬʩѹ
ͷ˼ƣҲֵԼɣ˭ԸΪտ˵²ؼ߸߹Ǵ˵֮
⼸ͷ˷֮Ǽߵ۾ߣҲ½ӦԼͷˡ
ߣҲһЩǵߵʼǱǼѹŵġ
տʣҾãӦӶǵ磬ɳʮʮ۾ȫǿԵġϾħĿǰֻһЩСȥߣû̫Σա
ʱ򣬴ӵȺ֮УһĲг
˵ˣȻ
üлȻԼ֮ǰӦþ˵ƵĻԵʦֲŻ˵⡣
տжҲŭúܣҲֱ졣
ŽߣзȨ𡢵۾ǻֱӾɾŴͷˡ˵ǲ𡢵۾ᣬҲֱ˼ȥðա
𡢵۾ȻǱȲǿߣˣҲȫǿ߽аġ
磬ʥغսʱ򣬴ʾǱʮǿ߲ס
տµѣôǲٴοտʵ
տʣΪѡǲͬ⣬Ǻճͬ⣬ǶԼ߲Էǵġ͵ھͱˣڳˡǼƣտ¶Щס
ǲѣҾ鲻ףտδڣԾҡͷ˵ˡ
ž˵Ž֮ڣΪ֮һ
ǲѯտʵ˼ɻشģȴտʣǾС
еĿ⣬˾ԡ
ǲʣ˫üžԡǲʣҲþСЩðʧˡԲǲ˵ǲԷʱȻԡ


1528 Ҫ㹷
ǲ֮ǰԾûжУǸղžֱӽŽ񹬣ǲҲûǶ⡣̤ͣ磬཮Ҳǵ֮ĶšţһЩҲġ
ڣǲЩˡ
ŵĻѯտʵ˼տʻûлش㾰Ȼտ״ӣҲûûСҲɣңԾȻֱӳơǲѡʵЩˡ
Ž񹬴֮ڣߵĿ⣬ԡ
˵񣬶Ų˼顣
⾰ԣ˵ͷ
ղ«ԣһһɴʱ˿̣ôտʺǲм䣬˸ˡ
⾰СӣҪʲô
СѾòףǲ΢΢һϱָƽһֱӶԾ˵
ǣ
ħ춯ؾѹǲԮȥӦ֮¡ǣħĵˣֻǵĵˡ
ղҶˣ硢͵ھˣΪӦǵΪȥ֧ԮؾӣʲôĪǾãҵ۸ɣԻ˵ڴ֮ǻ
ǾСѵ˼أǲʼʵ
ʵǺܼ򵥵һ£ҪǲǰǾŴƽ̯ˡҪ˷ʱۡȻ˵
˶ԿħǹغĴ¼ֵĵƿСʴʣһէȻ
ŭȵˣǵͷ«
ǲѣڿжô˰ɣ
ǾŴͷһ飬Ȼ˵˷ʱ䡣ݡĿˣտʾȻ̣ܽ«˪
ȷʵЩˡ˵֮ǰҾ˵һţ̤磬˵֮ءұΪӦһꡣȴ벻Ųڻ֪ԴԸȴһ࣡ͷ˽ӿ«ʵĻ˵
ߣûûСǿտʵϣһ˽ھͷ۶žԡ
һΣǲʶûе͵˼ʱտʡȻڵտ˵
λʴ֪ԣڵڵʱ򣬾ͿˡҵһμӵʱһСС񾳽ߡʱͲ߷ʦտʣ͸˲ˡ磬ﻹ˱
Ǻǣڵ˾ŽǣŽֳȻ֪治֪Сܻ죬ʱ𿪿ˡ
𿪿֮ǰտҲѶԡ
ԣֳϣ㲻Ҫ֡ǼʣǲǵġտʰдѶԡ
ʦ۸㡣ĵӣ۸㣿ߣѹ㣬ҵһ޷ӦҲѶʦտʡ
ԵĴѶտĿһ˿ɫ
տʵУһ˿ԵĻЩж
ͳžԵ仰տ£᲻ϧһбԡ˭ɱԣ˭տµĵˡ
տ˼һ£Ҫ˵仰ͦԣں𣬾Ϳ˵Ǽ仰
Ŀһת⵶һ㿴

ȾŽҪڣҸı⡣
ңŽڣ棡Եͳȵ
ԵĻ΢΢һ㶣㵵žԡ
СӣǷ˰ɣɫǺŭȵ
Ե⼸仰ʵڴȻʲǿߣҲƵǿߡ
཮м
ǣȴ཮ǿߵвôܹҵס
ʦֵˣĿ⿴ʦܡҲ֪ΪͻȻ֮˶쭣Ȼڿ˵ҪŪ
տʣ֪ΪζֳԹҪɱȻΪ˱ֻǣɲôɱ
ȱ޳ܵСˣɱ㶼ˡҲסɱ㣬ҲΪʦ𣡡վȫɱ֡
ʱڳ˶ȷԲڿЦԣ֡
ֻǴҶףƾʲô
̤磬ѹһһɱȣ


1529 Ծ
ڳвˣ֪̤硣
ǵߣǶԾǱȽ˽ģ֪ھŶ񾳽սͨߡھѾߣôս϶ѹͨ
Ҫ˵ܿûˣ̫ˡ
ھԵļƣƺ֣˾ù졣
ѵΪʦտΪֻɱô룬̫ˡ
ֳϣտʾԲΪԼĵӳֻɱԼߡ
УΪ˵Ϊʦʦտʣǰ
ԼƾǾ仰ʲô˼
СǷˡʦտʾԱߣȴ˵ҪΪʦտ𣿡˿տʡ
˵ģһλʦտʣˣɱ˵
ˣ
཮˻ŵʱҲܴó򣬿ΪƢܺã཮вٵѡʵϣ˵֮һ
һȺ໥Ϥ߽һյأ˶Ȼأֻ䡣
Ȼ֪߲࣬ǺܶҲܲµ˿Ǳ˸ˡ
λѣܹ˹֡
Ȼûˣҽܹ˵ĴС˵˾ҵʦҲ֤Ǻʦ˵֮һΪʦ쾭顣Զڳ˵
һЩˣ˵ͷ
ʦ˺Ϊʦȷʵ쾭飬޿ָժ
ԭǴȵŽˡСӣȴԼǵߣȴ˵оʵɱɣ˲ݡԣڱҪնɱԼ˵

ԭСõĪϹĴСЦһ
˵ĪϹˡ
ΪĪϹû⣬ֻҪǸʵм˵
ԵҲΪɭ֮ǰԾԵĺ⣬ֻԴڵŻϵĶԹڣԾԵɱ͸Ũˡ֪ԽĪϹĴУôСӣ͸Ӳˡ
СڻԼ֣Ժͺ˵ˣС쵰ٶȣܹ̤Ρԣ뾡ӣԾ󻼡
λѣҵýһ£Ҳڳߡ
ܶ˿֪ܶҺĪϹһһżĪϹ档Ҳ²⣬ĪϹйءһ㣬ҲϡĪϹԼⲻܹҡһżڷһ˶о˵ļֵĪϹȴҪ̡ԣƵǶ֡˵
˵ⷬ˵ԼԲĪϹĪϹԼ˽ģɱҲҵġ
ƾԼ˶֡ڣ˵˵ʱЩ޳֮ͽڳһְʦˡ۹һת
Ǻǣʱڳģң
һһߣվЦ˵
ֽܣҲǰѡ
ңʱҲһżˡĪϹ£Ҳˡһ
һɫ۵վֽ¹衡˲̫ϤܵúܣżҲġ
ţҲڳȻûжĪֳ֣ĪʱȷʵĿáһվ˵
֮УһЩ֮ɫ˿ˣЩֹӡ
£֮ĵġʱû֣ȴΣ˵֮ԱΧҪ̱
⼸ߵı仯ھԵע֮¡
ǵ֣Կŵһ͵
ܣ
¹衣
𣬶ȻĿžԣһȻӡ
Ѿ˰Ѷ˵Լĵǡ˼ûԻɱԾ󻼣ɳǶкܴ鷳
ǾҪֻ֣Ҫտʲ£ôǾɱԡ
飬Ҳܺ¹˵˼ϵĽٶ̫죬һβܽɱԺһֻѡﵽΣֵܾΣˡ


1530 
ˣһͬżһˡ
˱ɱ˶ֻ֣ʱڳĿþû֡
ھԿ˶ֵˣԼɱĶûֵĵ𣬾Եûɱ⡣
ǵ¹𣬽춼Ҫ
ԣ㵽ʲô֪Ϊ˱𣬵Ҫ޷ְ㱨ǣǣһ͵ߡ֣ǲʺ«ʶӦġտĶԾԴѶ
ֻҪԲ֣տʱػᱣ˭ԾԶ֣ӦԷҪ֣ҲѰ졣
ʦľǣаաȻᣬʦҲӦ֪ҵԸǰҸո֪Լ˵ʱΪû𣿡ԴѶӦ
տžԣʵڲ֪Ϊš
һ룬Լӣȷʵзִ磬ٺ
տʣҲˣǾҪ֡룬㲻Ϊ̣;ְɣտ˵
ߣȻ¡տ˵
տʵĻһΨһĵģտǿв֡տʼȻôǰ׿˵£Ǽ㾰ıɱҲҧסš
߰ɣȥǵ˽ⳡԹ˵䣬һ˾Ž񹬡
СҲ
ܡ¹˶һۣ˶ͷȺžԳ˾Ž񹬡
ҡҡͷ̾ϢһҲ̤߳ô˵Ҳǵ֮һ
û뵽ھŽϣȻôһС˵˼ǲѣҲȥΣ«Цһǲ˵
Ҳãǲʵ˵ͷ
һߡ
տµѣһ𣿡ǲʿտʡ
šտ˵Ѿվȥ
ǲʵ˲ȥҲȥҪɱ϶ۿ
Žͣһ£Ǽ˽ⳡԹټɣȤԳȥڶͷվ˵

ھŽڵߣ½˳ȥ
Ե˳˾Ž񹬻֪ʲô飬ֿȺŴǿ߶˳һĿɿڴҲ֪ˣжԹڴ˽Թ
տʣĲ־ǵĶս𣿡˵˵
Ӧò֣տʷŶ׿˵˲֡ݣһҡҡͷ˵
ǣԼɱžǶóտʶӣǰϧǰ˵ʱ˿տʡ
Ҫɱԣտʿ϶ӦġڵǾҪɱˡտʣûɲ¡˵«ʿһֱѹŭģտĲ֣«ʾԲӲܡһ˷˵
治֪⾰ʲôܾã̫ˡ
ǰȷʵףտʦ˵ֻҪ£཮Ҳûɱƫƫ
Ҳô˵õ˴Уʵ˾ʦͽĹϵͽΪʦ𣬾Ҳ֤Ѫ֮ˡҲΪˣ˵
ˣɱҲвǡΪβȽʵ㹻ǿΪ˱أѪûʵͼŶ֣Ե޴ˡ
۷׷ס
ʦʦܵôģʦݡ
Ȼľԡ
֪ӵ˵ʵӡܻ¹һʵ֮¡κһӦöûһʤϣɾʦܣΪҪѡﶯأ
ʦһǾʦΣˣҺʹʦ־ͳְɣʦ˵֣Һʹʦȴû˵֡ʦҲ˵
տĿǰ˵ȿɣܾãпܻɱӡԴһʦܴӳ֮سٴν磬ҲһЩʱˡ̤۾أ
տУЩڴ
ʦֺͶʦֶһۣˣžôʱڳΪ۾Ҫ˵̤ˡ
¹ǾͲҪ˷ʱˣһϰɣվӵ˶棬ϼֶȵ


1531 һŽ
ӾŽ񹬳Ȼ뾰Զţ˶ûǰ˼Ҳ˵˱ֵûȽ֣ڿǲ˶ԾԳ֡
ȴû뵽ԾȻԲѣһͬ֡
ǿ벻̣
Ծƣˡ˶֮еٮٮߣ֣µʲεߣҲŸֶƬ̡
⾰һС˵ʲôˣĪǾ˶ϣ־
ܡ¹λѣСҪһ֣ôޱɫ£ʵ
ȻҪܲԸ졣
֮ܵԣ˵ġ¹ŵͷ
ˣȡԼ
ЩΧߣ͸ӹŹˡԭѡھŽΪ˱𣬾ͺ˳Ծ⡣ڣԾȻҪͬʱ¹˽֣Ҫʲô
཮ھŴ֮У𾳽ǿУ»û˸˵Լܻӡܺ¹֡
Ҫֻ֣Ҫʲ߲
Ϣ΢΢һȻתϼĽϣһ貵ĽâҫĿ
һѹӾԵ֮ͷųŶ˱ȹȥ
ھתͬʱڳľŴͷˣЩʲεǿߣɫ䡣
⡭
ôܣ
ƺǴﵽԲϢ
ܣⲻܣһ궼ûУô̤ʲΣ
ﵽԲҲ߽ʵı־
֮ǰһֱûд߶ڳߣʾǿߣҲԵ硣ϾһķΪǷǳǿġ
֮УΪĹķʵкܶ֡ȻǾ̫ǼƵĹķҲˡһͨǰǾͼ硣
ھԴ߶չΪȻҲͱڳʲǿ߸ӦˡʲߣһЩȽǿߣҲԵϢһܹӵеġ
ˣ۾ɴĿĶžԡ
¹ˣȻҲһʱо˲ͬѰζǵĶ΢΢һǰ̼ʶԼܵ͹˾Եʵ
˿໥һۣͬʱԼڵ߶˼ޡ
ܵģ
ԣôô̤ʾ磿ʷϣҲδֹ̤ʾߡԣܣһǴһЩѧѧܲһƭЧͷ«ת
«ʣȻžĴﵽʲΣﵽԼһʾ硣
򣡡Կзһȡ
ž˵ܣһǿ֮֡ǿӰ쵽ʲǿߡ˶𾳽ѣ׼Ҳ޷ܵӰ졣
֮ʩչ֮󣬻֮漴ʩչ
һɫ̺ɫ⻪ĽӰֳ
һ⣬ڿռڲһ£Ŷɱ˹ȥ
ʱڴ߶ԼܣֵӰ졣Ǹо̺֮ĿܣæӶ߾ȫҪֵס
ͬʱֹ֣⻪ǰֶŻ֮ĽӰ˹ȥ
ߣһʮֿµġ⣬ÿһ̺ǿͬʱײڻ֮֮ϡ
ˣ
һ쳹ȫ֮֮ĽӰڼ̵ʱ֮ڣ㽫˴߶Ĺ˺ѿ
ٱ֮ĽӰλϯȥ˱ǣܶ

С˿ֲʵⲻܣ
˴ʱﻹаָ̬߰һ۾죬ȫĻӶܵĸַҲһһ
ǵǰܿγһĻϡЩĻϣǷֵŻ֮ӰĹ
ǣͨʾʩչĹõЩֶΣֵܵסһṦ򡣶ԵģȴǾԣһܹ򱦵նɱǿߡ
δ̤ʾʱ򣬾Ծƥͼߡ񣬾ԵΪȷе˵Ӧ޽ӽˡ
һɫĻ֮Ӱݿ㣬ϵ˺һܺƵķĻƽˡ


1532 ɱ
˵ĸַʵǿ󡣿ɴʱԾԵĻ֮ЩγɵĹĻϣһĭһˡ
һܣŴͷˣҲĿɿڴ
ԵʦտʣסžԣžԲԺžһԸصˡǣҲ뵽ԾȻѾ̤ʾ磬ʵﵽĳ̶ȡ
տʣԳֶԸӵҲ
Ŵͷ˶ˣ͸Ҫ˵ڳЩе۾ˡЩȫǴľ״̬
ʵϣǲܴӻ֮Ӱϸܵжǿֱܼ֮һӰȷʵ̽鵽֮жǿ
֮ĽӰĹ˺ͷŵһĻǣĿõġ֮ĽӰûֲ̺ܣһ㣿

ס֣ס֣
ۿԼܹʹõֶȫʩչҲסһɫ⣬ˡ
ǲ
ˣϼһһҲաÿνһЩżʱǿҲԼż֮ڡ
ԾΪʦ˱ʱǾûԼھԵСһʼǾûԷϡΪδܹɳǵĸ߶ȣԲڡ
ӭϢ˶̲ס˻ϣͣ
ˣʱ򣬵«ʣһȣһһĻ
̲ס֣ҪԼ¹
«ʲôտͬӳһܣ«ʵӰ«ʡ

ڣӡܻ¹ˣǵ壬֮ĽӰסڷݵĲҽ֮˵˲仯Ϊ촷ۡ
ʵտʲ«ʣ«Ҳܳɹ˴Ӿһ¾
һɱ֮󣬾ֱһУԴ֮󣬾ԵĿ«ʡ
«ղʲôԵĲϼûϢƣȫû«ʶֵ˼
ԣ
㾹һɱҵ¹𣡡«ʷŭžԡ
«ЩЦڸղţھŽڵʱѵûڳҪɱӡܺ¹ˣѵڲ֪ģղû˵κλȴɱ¹衣ˣҲ䵱ͷˣЦ˵
ɶСӣҪ«߳ŭȫһ̤žԿٳ˹
«ʶ֣տҲӰһ
ʦ«ԸͿˡȴһʩչռޣ«ʽ֣ͬʱڶտ˵
ԵĻտʵӰڿֹס
ֹסͬʱѾһ«˳ȥ
«ԭǿžԳɱȥģ뾰ԽӴȴȸղŸٶȵ˳ȥɳ֮Զſֹס壬ͬʱһѪ޷ƵĴӿ³ɫɷס
«ʣԡ
ղžһɱ«ȻΪܿԼʵڣ֪ˡ
ˣԲʵԿԼԼҪǿöࡣܵǽӰ֮еܣǿֲһָ޷еĸоȻţҲòʵͲǾԵĶ֡
ʱȫߣٲжϳԵʵǾҪЦǿȷʣ֮зǳǿĴڣʵһҪǿܶࡣ٣«ʣͲǾʵĶ֡
Եѣܷһԣ
ھҪӽɱ«ʵʱ򣬵һͷǲվ˳Ծ˵
תĿǲʣüͷ΢塣
Լɱ֮Уǵһߡ
ǲѣĪҲ«ΪԼ߳ͷ𣿡Կǲʣͳʵ
ǲҡҡͷ˵ԵѣˣҲΪܳͷ˼ɱʦˣΪʦ쾭顣ܵʵԶ㣬ɱҲԼ
˵ģϣԵܵΪֹ«ȻðϾǵͷˡԵɱ«ʣôضڵħ໢ѾʧˡǲʳϿҵԾ˵


1533 
ǲ˵ԵɱһЩǲʵ˵ͷĿֿ֮«ʡ
«ʶȤȷʵҲһҪɱ˻ʶȤǾ͹ֲþĺˡ
ǲԣȷʵҲеĿǰȷʵֹۡʲߣһҪԣҲֹڴˡ«ʻҪԲѷǾԱز顣
«Ҳʶһ㣬ȷʵ˺ܶࡣȷԱǿöûƾԵ˼ˣԵʵ϶װ֣Ը񣬾ɱ˾ԣҲҧŲžлúô
ڣôͲˣ֪Լƣܿס
«ȼ£Ժõ͵һЩٷУ˾˾һ㡣Զ«ȵ
֮⣬Ҳǽ֮µΪֹˡ
ô˵«Ҳɳһһǲʣͬĺһࡣ
«ʣûҶ죡
ʵ
ԵѡտµѣǼоŽ᣿ǲʿ˿ԣֿ˿տ¡
һΣѾԵַŵǰ档
Ǳʶ֮УȻѾΪԵĵλҪտˡȻ˵տµĵӣտǵͷˡǲ֮ԽԵַտµǰ棬Ҳûо롣
Դˣտʵ˿⡣
ʱտµûƽĵӣ̤ʾ磬ĸˡǣȫԤϡ
ԭΪԵ޵һ;δ̤ʲӦǿԵġֻǣ벻ô졣ңԾڸղűֳʵ཮Ŵ֮Уûκʲε߸˵ԼȾԸǿˡ
ǲʣٵƬ̣ҡҡͷ
Ŀһת
𣬵һͬżġż֮У׷飬Ȼһ
оԵĿ⿴ԼͷɫЩ졣ܸӣҲһЩη塣֪ɱԼֻͷҲסԼģ
ͷ·Ƭ̧̣ͷ
ʣ˼ڣҾͽڻżڷ飬˵˵
ˣҲĪ֡Īó򣬵ȴһº͵ˣҲϲˡżԭĪûģֻΪæŴӦһͬǰ
֮һҪĪǰżҲΪĪֵż֮ڣóߣܹΪһЩ
һϣû˵ѣĪȷʵһ˲õıֻǣĪԼֵģһ֡չأҲӦȫĪСʵϣĪֲ֪ﱻ֣ǸͲᷢĪǹˣ󣬵һʱ˵ˡ
飬Ӧܲµˡûӡܻ¹˴ҪռĪֵıֽĪֺˡȻûжĪֳ֣ɵʱҲҡˡûжҡܼᶨֹˣĪ־Ͳˡ
ʣɱңͶֺˣȷʵҲžԡ
ڣΪȷʵͬġϾûжʦ֣Ҳɱ㡣ԶڵĮ˵
ڣҶ֪龭ˣΪӡܺ¹˲𣿡ɨȫߡ
û˵
ȷʵǣ˽ǵѣȴﰵѣƷԾ͸Ϊ˲ˡ
Ȼʵɱ˶ᱦҲǺܺΪﱳֵӣҲúܡ
ûоɫĵӣӵȻúúõġ˭ֻᣬΪ˱أ˭ֻģڻżڵ׷ʲôأ
»صŽ֮ڣŽС
ֻڣҵ˼ǰкܴıˡ
ǵ硢͵ھߡ
ǰ簵磬Ҫ۸硣񣬵羰ʺճôǵļƻ϶вͨˡ
һʣ߽γɵѹ
ǲһ֧ǰܺʡҿõ硢͵ھ磬ɳʮһ۾ǰ֧Ԯؾӡº󣬵һ˵
硢͵ھߣɫһ


1534 ħ
硢͵ھͷˣɫҲѿ
ղտԼʩѹȫˣֵʶʩѹˡ
ԵĻҲõڶ߶һˬ࣬һüĸо
«ѣΣѵҪ⾰Ե˼ͷ˰дѶ«ʡ
⾰ԣǲǾ̫۸ˣھͷˣҲѶ«ˡ
λҪһЩԲܵ«˴Ѷ
«ѣôǿ͵ھͷˣв«ǲ̫СˣԻһΣη徰ԡ
Եʵеǿö࣡
ûֱĹԿܸдǺλѾãǵʵΣ«ʼ
˵Ϊ«Ӧò಻󣡡΢΢
ô˵ɣλ֣һԾʣܵģȻˡǻᱻһһɱ«ʶһ»Ӧˡ
ʲôɫ΢΢һס
͵ھͷˣȷʵû«ĸܡֱԻ֮ӰܣҲȷʵѶԾԵʵ˽⡣
͵ھλǿߣſһ«ʻɳףҲ֪ԵʵҪ«ǿһЩǣûΪԵʵǿֶ޷ĵز
ʵ˵˰ɣ֮ǰǾʹʱѾоϢ֡Ҳܿ϶ȥҼֲ˼оͻᱻɱ«Щ˵
뵽ǿֲµĻɫӰ̲סļ¡֪ԵʵΪλ֮ǿʵǰţҲһ㡣
͵ھλͷ«ⷬȻ˿еľѹȥ֪«ʾԲ϶˵ٻ
Ҫɳʮһ۾ǰȻԵúûӡ
ǣǴʱվԾʵ飬ʱͻþʶǶ֡ǿܾͲʧһЩˣ㾰ʲɱǻɱǣɵô˵棬ʳֺݺݽѵһ٣Ҳˡ
Եѣֻõ硢͵ھ֧ԮǲЩ׵Ҿã磬ҲҪһεǲʳžЦЦĿ˵
ǲѵ飬ûǵ磬һǰ򡣡Կǲ˵
ţ
Եѣǰ򣿡
⡭
ȫߣû뵽ʻǰ
ԣһȥ򿴿ħ׼ٴַ཮һὫѶϢݻԵͷ
˵硢͵ھߣ͸ûл˵ˡ
ԭǻãˡڣ˼ҾʶȥˣЩ˻˵ʲô
־һ֮ǰѡ㱻ȷ硢͵ھ磬ÿһǲʮ۾磬ֱɳһ۾磬־ǰ
ǰߣڿ΢׼һ£֮һͬǰ򡣡˵
˾Եͷ
䡭
ڱξŽἴʱ򣬿ռ֮ڣͻȻӿһƬ֮
֮ܵŽڵߣ΢΢һ
һ֮ȻǴ洫ݶң֮У̺ɱ֮⣬Ũȫë
ô£ǲüʡ
Ž񹬣ΪŴٿŽĵص㣬ķǷǳǿġЩ󷨣ǾŴĴʦķʱ;Ųóģʹ˲֪Ĳϡ
һ˵Ǵ湥Ž񹬣ʲε֣߳Ҳ޷Լͨ󣬴ݵŽ֮ڡ
ಣ
˾֮ʱӳٳ˽
λˣŽ֮⣬ħӳϢ˵
ʲô
ħôħ
жħ֣ѯʳ
ԵıҲ΢΢һĿӳ
ŽȻھŴ֮ڣҲ཮ĸءһ˵ħһħǲ̫˳ġ
ֻһͷħʵǳǿ󣡡ӳŬԼƽȻЩ


1535 
ֻһͷħ͸཮򸹵أöҲ֪ͷħ϶ͬһ㡣
ǳȥԵһȥ
񻹴δŵħ
֮УħһͺСÿһħ֮ɫ䡣֮վڽ˵ߣħҲĵһη塣
ֱŽ񹬣档
ˣҲ½ž߳Ž񹬡
ʱھŽ񹬵ϷһӴӰӴΪɫȥ׵ĸ߶ȡȫ£ɢܲ
Ե߳Ž񹬣վڿϣ޴Ӱ񣬾·ߡ
ζ࣡
Ӿ޴ӰĿУȻͨڳ඼硣ǵܹ޴ӰħԵ˼
ֻǣһַ·ʯĸоܯ}ˡ
ħ̧ͷһͺȣ籡
ħǺǿħ˾޴ѵħħ
ħǿɾΣˡħħֻܹԸ
ֻǣħôͻȻ཮ѵͲ𣿡
ߣ˵
ħȻϢǳǿᣬδﵽħĲΡԿ˵
ڴھŲڣԼħʬ塣ħȻȥܾúܾãʬȻһЩܣԼǵú
ʱھŽϷͷħϢħϢ
Ե˵ûͷħӦһħħһ֮УħҲǺܶࡣЩħһɲ뿪Լϳ཮֮С𣬶ħټעһħ཮򣬾Ϳܻ⵽ͬʱΧɱǲʵͷ˵
ֻһħҲǿˡħһ֮Уħʵ͵λħħʵҲǽʵ֮䡣ħǱɵġڶͷҲ˵
ߣȻһһͷħ׶༪٣ʮߡ֣ɱΣ«һ˵
«˵ûħ֮УħҲ١ɱһħһʵһЩͷħԽ཮֣ܽħԶھͷҲĿⷢĦȭ˵
ԵѣôǲѯʾԵ˼
ڳʾУܾǾʵʵǿҲͬΧɱͷħǴҾͲҪԥˣֱӳȥֱǡ
۾΢΢𣬶Ǹ߶׵ħҲת
ԣͻȻտʱһ䣬һ˫Ŀ֮Уӿֳ֮ɫ
ʦôˣԿʦտʡ
ԣǵСһ㡣ͷħϳˣֽжտصı˵
ʲôǶ
ô
֣һ
Կ˿ˣ֣ǵһ˵Ȼħ˽ⲢࡣȻڣѾʲεϾʱ仹̣ǰδŵħħ֮еһЩĴڣҲȷûʲôš
տµѣȷǶǲһ󣬵ͳտʵ
ţȻеħ𶼲ԣڴ֮սУۼҼǵտصĵ˵ͷ
ĪǺǿ󣿡תĿʵ
ŴľλͷĿⶼԣһǳߡ֮ս˵·ҲǺܾԶ飬ǾԿɴδ
Եѣⶫħһħ֮УӦǿĴ֮һڴ֮սǰЩˣҲû֮֡սУкüλʣС
ǰǳթóٶȡΪսɱʣע⡣糾𣬱׷ҳɹĶ½عһΡڶͷ˽ӿ˵
ѵ糾Գ֣Ҳûɱɫ΢΢һ䡣
ѾȻûڴ֮սС糾ɹ½عȴš
ûʱɹĴ糾ѡңǼ糾̾ߣ糾Ƭ̡Ϊһս཮롣Ȼħ֮еҲͬӡ˵жħħټⶫҴ䱦տʵͷ


1536 
ڳߣǾŴľӢв˶ǰĴ֮սǳս˶һЩ
˵ͷģȻҲ١
ŴľŸͷ˽ⶫĶ࣬տʸۼħ
糾Գֶûնɱǡ
ǰʮֻ֣Ҳ޷ѹƶңóٶȣȥ磬¾ռˣ޷׷ٶ
ţҿƾŽǵ붫ͬʱ糾Ԯ
Ŵľͷ׷׸ĿˡղŻɱϿյħ֪Էħħ㶼ıͷԸһħʮ֣ȷʵкܴճɹɱԷǶȥɱ̫ΣˣŪʮ֮лмɱ
ħԷһ㶼ϵͣǵʵ̫ǿˡͨħվﲻ⹥ͨ˲ͨħֺ
ңħ
һʮᣡ
ħкܴģҪ޵Ǿ磬յǷ򡣶ħ壬Ҫ
ȻûоԡҲģֻ˵ϵƣиĽҲΪʡԴѡ࿰ƷëǡʲεǿߣһҲȽϴ
ﵽεģ֮жƿֲĴˡ
ȷʵҲѣһ㾰ԸдﵽҲѾкܳʱˣһֱûٴɱļ󡣴εҲͱͨħ΢ǿһЩ
ϵ糾𣿡΢΢̧ü
Уվ۷Ĵڡھ˵Ǵ˵еĴڡ
ھŴ֮Уûġ٣û
ҲǱȻġ
̤𾳽֮ھŴ磬ʵϾͺнˡ̤ΣҪʵͱݻ磬еõ
Ϊˣе𣬶ݻԼĵ磬һԼĵ֮ڡ
ʵϣﵽԲ̤֮ʾ磬ͿֿԼˡͬտʿٵ硣Բǿÿٳȶ
Ȼûĵ磬ǲƵģģҲ󣬶޷̫߽С
𿪱ٵ磬Ǽĵ硣ĻȾŴ绹ҪúܶࡣȻʵҲǳֲǸոսΣǵ绹Ҫš
ǿϵģȻƽʱھŴ֣𶼹δ鷳ͨ֡Ǵ཮ȥ𣬶ԾŴ͸ˡ糾𣬾ǾŴ絽ĿǰΪֹ߳ȥǿͨﴫѶϢǲʵͷԾ˵
ﴫѶϢϡ档
һЩ𾳽ߣܹʹֶΡ
ñɽɽڻ֮Уͨɽɽ߽йͨȻҲûд۵ģҪĺܶ
ԣʶĵ˵ͷ
ζ࣬ħЩȲҪ̳ˣ
ʱϿյħħִž޴ɺ˫Ŀ·ڶࡣ
һ࣬ΪЩڣܰȫ𣿡
˵ӣǾŽǵػγɵĹĻ
ڶĻ֮󣬾Ž֮ǰ˾ͿУһޱȾ޴ĺɫ޴
ֱֻһӣкɫ޴϶ºݺݵ
ֲܣ񱩵žŽǴХڳڶǿ߶Ĥۡ
䣡޴شźɫ⣬ŽػγɵĹĻײһ졣
ռ𵴣
ڴ󱣻֮µ࣬ĿԼϿյĿռݣִѺۡЩѺָֺܿ
ڶඥʦͬõһ󷨣ȷʵǿɲ΢󷨣ǻʵȫ̬ػ
ħħҪƿŽǵĴҲ׵顣ֶΣҲôƽģȻħͽ೹ˡħȻǵƣͬơ
ⶫȷʵǳֲĶƺûЯٵܣҲЩ̾˵
ûмųȥ붫֣ڲǳܵʱ򡣾Ҫ붫֣ҲҪȸĹжǿ


1537 
ϻӶкɫشŽػ󷨡
ȻǿҪƾŽǵػ󷨣ȴǶʱġ
Ѿͨ糾Ѷ糾õѶϢӦûܿ͸ǣֻҪȺǡǲʶ˵
ͷ
ֻҪ糾ħȻûвˡ
ų򣡡
΢ϣ֪أ
࣬ǸҳҶ沫ɱ𣿡
ػȴʼղƿҲʱķ̶ŭ
ʱҲ⼸λͷĿУõ˲ٹħϢ
ħȺǿֻҪǳħǱֱƥǿߡ
ߣҪﵽΣǿɵþͻơܹһΪģƵš
ħҲһ޴ơħħԶԶ޷ȡңһħҪɳҪĵԴޱȾ˵ġҲΪҪ̫̫ԴħȺǳԡ
ħ壬ΪϲȺУħ弸еȺϵܡһЩȽС壬ǶħܶԶ֮ʱΪ˱ⱻħ帲һЩСǨ뿪ԼĽ㵽Զĵط
ħУ·г֮һе嶼ǵĵˡҲ޴塢ڤּΪǿȺҲǡ
ħ壬ļʮĿϡǻǵ͹ȻǱȽϲڶȺȴʮ㡣ңֵʱ򣬱üŽᡣ
Ϊˣŵǰħȫʧܡ
㾹ܵ཮
ʱһӻд
糾𣡡
糾ˣ
ǲʵ˶ɫϲֻоԣЩ⡣ȻŮԵλ糾𣬾ȻŮԣ
֮УŮǿȷʵԶԶǿ߶ࡣͱŴλͷ֮УֻտŮԡ˸ˣԡ
ʶΪ糾Ҳԡ
ʱһɫ⣬ҲǳھԵ֮Сǻ֮УɫһʵޱѸݵĽӽŽǡ
ͬʱҲֹͣ˶ԾŽǴĺת޴ͷ­нӽɫ⡣
糾㣡
ת˲֮䣬糾㵽˽ԣҲԿ糾ò糾𣬿ϣ෴ӡòƺտʣʣȴڳ˶һԲλĸо
糾УͻȻһɫΣǳӡ
嫵ӳɢ
糾չɫӱǼһϹ⣬ϹڿռڿٷŴ׳ȣŶϮɱȥ
꣡
кɫ޴ǰɫâкɫ޴һ졣ţ壬㱻˳ȥ
׸ߴɳȥҲǷǳֲģռֱӾɢ

糾Ϊƾıɱ𣿡

ҶԽ཮򸹵أЦš
Ȼɣƺδܵˣס֮󣬻糾ơ
ⶫǿֲ̫ˡҡҡͷ
Ȼܸо糾ʩչɫ̺֮ܣǾҲܿóɫֻɱһߡǣһжȴûö⵽̫صĴ
һټ϶Եãǿ¾Ҫ޵ˣ
糾δϻӦƣٴλӶɫһΣһɫĲڿռڵЩɫĲƺûиղɫԵЩɫƣȴȸղࡣ
ǰĴ֮ս糾ȻûնɱҲһЩ֪ЩɫƵĿ¡
ϣһ˰̡˰̣ǰ糾µġ
糾ɱңҶҲ˷ʱ䡣ȻˣΣȷŹЩ档ҡž޴Դˡ
ֻڿռصһš
ܵĿռ䣬㿪ʼŤ֮Ӵʼ䵭·ʧ
Ҫˣ
ʩչֶΣ糾޷׷ٵ
ǲʵˣʶĿ˵
ʩչģһ츳Ȼóһ츳ʱһءֻҪأܰѵ˵׷


1538 ҲԾ
Ҳڶ޴ܿռ䣬ֵŤ
֮ԸҶ཮ĸأƾ˶ص츳ֶΡ
糾
ҳΪħ֮һһɱ㣡ζͷ­ɱڶ糾˵
ڲ糾Ķ֣ɵΪħʱܷ׷ɱ糾
ȻһħҪΪħһ㶼ҪѶȵ͡

ʱ򣬾ȴӰһֱʩչ˲䵽˾ŽǵϿաӰոϿո֣Ե֮
糾һתԡ
ŽǰǲʵˣҲȻоԵӰ
Ҫʲô
Ȼ뿪ŽǴı
ʲ붫ְɣ
̫ˣħħʵ֮ϡңħ֮жڵһеġҪ붫֣̫Σˡ
ԣտüԾԺ
ʦ㲻õңΣգһ̻ص֮ڵġתĿտЦ˵
ھ˾ŽǴħԭ䵭ӰͻȻ΢΢һʵ
ԭʹ츳ֶΰ糾𣬿ɴʱȻı⣬žԣ㽫ɱ֮뿪Ҳ١糾ҪɱҲǶʱģ㹻ʱնɱСࡣ
䣡
Ӷɫ޴Ȼž
΢࣬ɣŭȡ
ԴЩ֮гȫһҲóԼǿʣסԼһҪһͽɱ

糾ӰΪɫ⣬ͼԾԵĹͬʱþܶĹ
ಣԴ߶Ӱٷ
ܣ෴Ŷӽȥ
̫޴ˡһΣȻͱȥˡ
֮ڷ֮Уȫ߷¡
ϼǰٻӶɫĻ֮۵ĽӰѸݳ򶫸ĺɫ޴
糾üͷһ塣
þԱܿĹɾԲܿӭȥ
ⲻ
糾֮УʾѵסشһЩߣ붫شҲᱻش
糾˫չɫϣǧɫٶͷųȻûĻÿҲžԱɱ
糾ȷʵǾҪȾԡǣĹƺ΢һЩԲ򶫸ȫüֹɾƫƫӽ˺ܶѶȡ
ԳԼҲϲ
棬Լ
䣡
飡
֮ĽӰ붫ĺɫ޴ײһľ죬Źεıͬʱ
ʲô
дһԼһȻûܶǸ̫˺෢ĹȫشȻֻǽ˳һЩ롣ԼͬĺһЩ
ŵĿ⿴ǰѾסӰľԡ
Ҳˡ۾΢΢
붫ֱӽһΣþԶԶʵ˸ȷ˽⡣ȷʵһܹƥеġԼʵ붫ɱҲǲԡ
ȷһ󣬾Ҳͳ׷ˡ
ʱ糾ͷŵǧɫ⣬Ҳ˶ĽǰæֵǱֲˡϣҲ˴СС˿ڡ
Ȼǿǿߵ湥ȫ⡣
糾ԣ֮УһЩĹʡ
ԭΪԻᱻħشֱɱȴû뵽ԾȻס˶شҿ϶ûʲôơˣЩ˼ʲʵģ糾Ҳǵһμ
ԾĵȻ糾һˡ
ھŽ֮ǰڶߣҲŵĿ⿴һɫӰ
֮ǰǾ֪Եʵǿ«ʣǶԾЩ塣ǣ«ʣҲ벻ʵʵǿ˹붫潻ֵʣڳˣûм
һֱΪܹ붫ֵ࣬϶ǿߡ
ʡ
̫ǿˣǿǶ
һħǿ¾һ˶ܽɱ˰ɣŴͷˣһ𾪵˵


1539 
ħħӲƴ߲ûУƷëǡ
ħ֮жħӲƴߣǲʵ˶Ҳδ˵
֮սУħɱһ㶼ǵԵǵħһ㶼ѡá
ڣȴ붫Ӳƴ
Ҫ֪糾ж̵ֲܼʱ䡣붫Ӳƴ˵糾ɱʣҲܺ
«ʣе͵ھͷˣңԼû뾰ʼͻȥ򣬺ɾͺ˵ˡļŭ˾ʣֻǲʵ˶סʳ֡

࣡
뾰Խһκ֪Լɱࡣ
Ҳûʲô˼ȥΣաȷʵǷǳǿĴڣħ壬Ҳֻħ𿹺⡣
࣬Ҽסˣϣ㲻Ҫһ㣡ʯ¡¡Ĵ
ûнˣһвϼ
糾ǰЭնɱԿ糾˵
ţ糾˾һۣ˵ͷ
ʵϣ糾ʱκΰ¶츳̫ˣ糾޷׷١ֻҪĿռʧͺ׷ܹٴյټҲһںԶĵط׷ȥѾˡ
࣬ң޴һ£ܣռٴŤ
籩
ڶʩչ츳ͬʱ׼籩㱬͵ĺ򶫸
֮Уκ飬ġֻҪ꣬ô籩ĹͻЧħ壬ͬ飬ǵ꣬ͬᱻ籩
ʩչ츳ҪߵĶͻȻ͸оһʹ츳ʹãԽľʱֹͣ
򣡡
ʩչ籩֮󣬽ű߶
ǿڶ֣ܵĿռ䣬͵ĳ־ұ仯ţһɾ޴ӲĽռ˳
糾һɫ˳Ƽһɫ⡣
δȫӦͱɫ˳ȥ
һŭ
֮Уһγ־֮ɫ츳ʩչȻӲˡ֪Էģȴʵ顣츳Ӱ£ռ䶼ѾγɣǶԷȴ壬Ӳռ˳
ܲˣʱҲ¶Цݡ
籩ʹ֮ǰҲȷһԶЧڿȷʵܺܺÿƶ츳
ֻҪö츳֮أô糾նɱֻʱˡ˵ԼҲܳʹû֮
סʩչ츳޷츳ѣôܻ

ֻǣղǴһٴαռ

࣡޳ܵ࣡
ŭϻкɫ޴֪Լ츳ǾԣԺ뽫ɱֻҪɱԣٴʩչ츳ռӶ糾ߡ
ǣԵʵ̫ǿˣĻӶ޴ܱԵסҪ˵Աߵ糾𼸺ȫĹ
ʮʱ֮󣬶ĵڱ֮ˡ
޴֮Уصһ֮
ħ֮ǿΪڵ硣ǳ̣ԽǿħԽȹ̡
类֮ôħҲˡ
Ե籩סĶһʼע޷뿪ˡڵ磬ձ糾ƣŭ֮Уȥ
֮·ǲʵҲ׷ޱȼķɳŽǣϿջ磬糾
л糾˼ʱɱ˶ǲʴ糾ʾл
ţ֮һֱעĶһ཮򲻾ãҾͲˣһ·糾˵˵ͷ
ŻȻΪ糾ô͸ǲʲͨȣ糾һ
ҲҲ޷κǡλСѣһ˾Ӧˡ糾ֿԣ˫֮˵ǾСѵֶΣҲ޷ɱ⹦ͣӦھСѵϡ


1540 ƨ
Ȼħħ֮еλҲǼߵġ
νɱ˵Ƿǳֵصһ¡ȻħԣҲһǳصʧ
糾ܹնɱȷʵоԵĹ͡Ǿ˶츳ô糾Ҳ޷¡
ԣһ͡Ŀǰ֮лŵЩ֪ϢҲһǳˣԲҴĿԶܴ
糾ô˵ǲʵҲżžԡ
Щ𡢵۾εǿԵĿ⣬ݡ֮УĿеĵλǴﵽһߵĲΡ
Ǹʵǿ˵η塣
СѣҿӦòһɣ糾žԣº͵ʵ
ǣҳȷʵһꡣԵͷ
̲ס̾壬ܶţγˣ糾Ե̾˵
Ե츳̤𾳽粻¡ԾԵѵʵһΪ𣬺ߺߣħħǰֻҲõͷ«ʱ澰Դ˵
֮ǰ«ʻ뾰ĦȴǶԾƳ籸ˡò˵λ«ʵƤҲ񡣻һˣҲ˼ôȫת̬ȣ˳ľƨ졣
«仰˵Ҳ׷׸͡
糾𶼿˵˵ûСѵսӦǺܽӽˡǷȱģƿ֮СѣӦδԼ硣ȿ㲻Կ١ݱĹУкܶ򣬳һЩ֮һ֮ôʵﵽĲΡ
糾ô˵̲סٴζݡڳʣ磬ҲһЩ֮ǵʵȻ뾰ʮǧ
Ȼҵ˼˵㿪󣬾һ̤𾳽ˣ˵սܳƥ𡣿ڵս̤𾳽磬廹ŵУû˸˵ܳ㡣糾ֲһ䡣
糾ǰˣǰȣڻԶǫѷ
糾ЦЦҲû˵
ǰⶫħ֮ģܷһָңԻһתʵ
ħħϣһħ֮ġħ֮ģ˵һַǳĲϡһħ֮ģǿ޼ۡ𣬶һħ֮Ķȫںǿߣһõħ֮ġ
֮Ҫħ֮ģΪԼΪСڶնɱʱСʹԣǳҪħ֮ġ
ԵĻ糾΢΢һЦչһϹ⻷ƶ䵽Ӵؿڴ˱ǿһž޴ĺɫ໺
Сѣħ֮ģǶΪĶ糾˵û㣬Ҳɱ˶ħ֮ģһ롣ȻҪǾȫȥˡ
⡭л糾ǰԽӹħ֮ģ糾л
Ա㽫ħ֮ĵݸ˲ԶСС˫ĿŹĽħ֮Ľ˹ȥ
ھԽħ֮ĵݸСʱ糾Ŀ⣬Ҳ䵽Сϡ糾֮У΢΢¶һĨ֮ɫ
ûеԾѯʲô
Сõħ֮ĺ󣬱뿪˸Ŀռ䡣
Сѣ뵥̸̸糾ԾԵ
õģ΢΢һ㶣漴ͷӦ
糾ֱ΢΢չһ΢㽫Ծ˵Ӱͬʱʧڿռ֮ڡ
Ƭ̺󣬾ԾͷԼѾǴھŽǸ糾վǰ
Ȼɲ⡣ڵңԶԶﲻĲΡ𣬲ܹǿڡа̾
ԣղŮӣ壿糾ֱӾѯС
ǲʵˣʵҲܸӦСϢ಻ͬǾµС壬Ҳ̫⡣཮֮УҲĺܡпԻûεޣͬ١
糾ȴ֣µѯʾ⡣ȻСĲͬѰ
ʵҲȷʵˣ糾СϸӦһּɬѹѹԲЩνܹ糾ġ
ǵģֱӳϡ
ţԣҵСһЩǸŮӣͬһ㡣ҸоõڵʵܲǺǿǣԲͨ塣糾ίļ˵һЩߣɼЩߣϵļ¶
Сȷһ塭ԿЦͷ


1541 Դ֮
糾֮ԽСժרѾԣҲ¾Ը㲻СԺԿ
ϵȫͬġǿߵĵѪǷǳҪһء˵֮еһŷǳֲʵ壬ע֮еߣҲ൱
ȻԽǿѪԽѵáһǿӹɣϵĶ̰壬Ҳ޷Խơ
糾Сϸо˺ֲܿѪϢСɳܿܳԽһЩߡСһͿܻΣա
Ҳ֪糾⡣
һ˵糾ǰСȷʵͬһ㡣ܿľ
˼һ£Сݸ糾
糾𣬱һ㶡

糾Σʼ;צɱѰ˽Ҫöࡣ
糾˫֮Уһ˿Ȼ֮ɫ
糾ǰģСﲻҲڣҲȺԼ˵
糾ȴǹ˺һᣬһ˵ԣ˵СǾµĹϵͼشˡܿСи顣ˣҲ˵ˣܴ֮Ĺϵ
šԵͷӦһ
ԣξŴͷ˾ۼھŽǣǹħ춯¡Ӧò£ʲô뷨糾תʵ
˽ħȻ춯Ӧûдٴ౬ȫս٣ڲᡣԻ˵ԣǴɳ͵۾ȥ֧ԮؾӡһΣһǰ
Լӣ糾΢΢ü
ԣЩף̫Σˡħɱ£ħ߲ӦѾ֪ңǺܿܲġ֣Ҳħ߲ߡ཮ãЩħǲ׽཮ģȥΣԾͻ糾ҡҡͷ˵
糾ǰ
Ȼʱʺ̣ܶͬܶغΣաЩΣգнյĳɾ͡Լᶨ˵
ô˵糾֪˾Ե˼
ðɣȷʵ̫İȫˣ˵ûǿߣһδĥ֮гɳġݵĻֻʧȥҪСġ糾͵Ŀž˵
ˣһ˵һ¡糾𻰷һת
֮УһĳСУпǡ֮ڣһؾؾû֪γɵġǣǲ²⣬Ӧйأ𣬻ǿߣΪؾġ
ؾǿߣ൱εǿ߶ûʲôáǣ֮µǿߣȴž˵Ч
㣬ܽؾôͿһ죬ֱӳΪ𡣡糾Ŀ⿴ԡ
֮͸һĨš
Բδ˵ǣҲ֪ؾؾȻ̤Σ
⿪ǲֻ֪֮УһЩʸǳϵʣҲ֪ǻؾġв֣ȥǡ
ǣġƲ⣬ӦԴ֮ء
ȻˣҪؾⲻһ׵顣ҪУ壬˵ǿҲҪСԣǣһ⡣ڵǣÿһʱ䣬ؾһΣÿһֻʮ
࣬еĴ壬лؾ̶ġԺһϵһ£ܷõһؾڻ޷ŵֻ˵ȡ糾˵
糾ȷʵǳþԡ
糾ãܽؾбȽϴϣֱӿ𾳽硣һΪôʵﵽһǳֲĵزԽȺʵһء
л糾ǰѹеļл
ؾһ꿪һΡÿһΣֻʮʮɲģȺͬϷ֡ҪõһؾȷʵǷǳѡһҲޱȵ
ȲҪлңϢɣһλؾӦҲûʱˣᳬһꡣ糾ЦЦ˵
ˣҾͲͣˣԣԼҪСġħ󣬱ضķѺܶྫר㡣糾ٴζԡ


1542 
ħ཮򣬿϶һЩߵġħڲͬһ
ԣЭ糾նɱḶ́Ҳضܿ챻ħ߲աԵʵػħ߲ӡ
ߣһ̤Σħ˵в̫ˣԶһвҪħ壬Ȼ취ھ̤֮ǰͳԡȾԳΪħԾ͸ˡ
ԴˣеȻҲ׼
糾ٴζ˾һЩҪעĵطҽԼһԷ㾰ԺϵԼ֮㻯ΪһϹ⣬ʧڻռ֮ڡ
ԣҲصŽ֮ϡ
Եѣ
ʴˣ

ڶǿ߼Ի׷׼񣬾Ҳ΢Ц˴к

Уһ˸Űɫ⻪Ĵ֮ڡ

ˣ
ʱ򣬼Ӱ½ڴ֮ڡȻֻӰȴһּʥϢ
ڴȴǰڷһ
εǿߣе񱻰ڷЩɲһǶϷɡÿһϣӦķϢ
ѾӦϵķܾͻʧ
ĵ٣ȻзܲģȴˡЩзܲĵҲʹϴлŵҲʮӡ
ܿģ糾ӰҲ֮ڡ
ЩӰǵͶӰ
糾ǣ£һߣ糾ʵ
ǰ糾ʦãôżǣʲôҪ飿һɫӣҲ˵
糾ڣһλͶӰ
λʦ֣糾ӰӰ΢΢
糾һɾ֮λࡣ𣬶ʦ֡ʦ㡣ʱͶӰȥ֮ˣ
ħħ糾Ŀһת˵
ʲô
ˣ
ôģթúܣóٶȣӵ츳ɲôɱӰ㵵Ŀ˵
Ȼļ糾˵ϢԵЩԾħȻħвܴ󣬲һħвͶ١ǣҲɱһֱҲʲôûᶯ֡
糾ѵɱħĿһ糾ʵ
˶֪ѾȥǴ糾˵ϢôҲ˵糾֪¡
ţȷʵɱ˶ħ糾ͷ
糾ʦãĺã
ڴ֮սУɱʲߡϣΪ־ʶУɱ˶Ǵİһ𳩿Ц˵
糾ʦãôģһЩɻʵ
ڴ֮սУ糾ר׷ɱҳɹ½عһΣȴȻߡֱħ屻ˣ嶼ûܸɵôһΣ糾ɱģ
ʣҲɻ糾
һֱע֮ǰ཮򣬱ұһֱ׷Լ츳ŵúܣӦҲܸо׷뿪཮ھŽǣ׷˶
ܹɱҪ˾ԡ糾һ˵
ԣȻ֪ԵĴڡ
Եٶ̫ˣûнǵߣҲ
ԣԣһߣһʱ䣬Ѿʾߡ糾˵
һ̤꣬ʾ磿Уٴγһ˲õŰз
ȷʵܲҳʱ䣬ԼһСһһλҲȤ˵
糾ʦã˵ɱҪԡĪǣɱ˶ɫʵ
ˣ깥ط򣬱˶츳öܽ츳ߡԣҲܽնɱ糾ͷ˵
Ŷ
깥ط
СһȻ깥ط򵥰
ţԣ´ˡǣһЩʹͣ
λ𣬶˵
λʦ֣ؾʼ룬ǲǸһؾ糾˳˵
糾仰λ𶼲Ĭ


1543 Сǿ
Э糾նɱħħǴ͡
ʱͶӰļλҲΪø辰Խ
糾˵ģһؾҲȷʵλһʱЩò⡣
ÿһλؾһֻʮʮ֮Уܵõ޼ġÿһؾϵش
ЩǿߣԼȻҪؾǣⲻǲҪؾǿк󱲣еӣԽؾȡһЩԴ
Ϊǣ糾˵Ǿ仰֮⼸ʱĬ
λʦ֣
֪ؾϵشÿһޱȵ󡣵ǣȷʵ츳Ϊڵšһʣȴ붫ħԿ˵ǣһδΪôȺһʵ֧糾˵
糾ʦã˵ʲôʵ
糾ʦãղ˵λСѣ濹ħ
Ҳٴδ㵵Ŀ⿴糾Լˡ
һСӣܹ̤ʾ磬ѾڳеԾˡڣ糾Ȼ˵Сһ濹ⶫ
λʦ֣ҵĻһ㶼ûпţ
СڰһɱʱҲ붫ĽײǿҲֻܽСѻһЩ޷þСˡҵжϣֹСѣСҲֵܵһʱ糾֣ص˵
ôܣɫ𣬷һͳľ
ʲߣôܶԿħħħʵͽ֮䡣ħսǳԽʵġߣֻεģڵԵɱǿħлⶫȴħ֮еٮٮߣսһħҪǿһأɫ˵
˵ģʵǧȷҾãһħϾСѣôСȫƾԼʵɱһħ糾ٴصᶨ˵
λ𣬶̲ס໥һۡ
ȷʵò˼飬ͬף糾𲻿˵ڲƭǡԣ糾˵ıض滰Ҳ˵Եսȷʵǿó˳
ҿ辰һؾǿԵģ
糾ʦö˵ֻʾ磬ԿħôܳΪĻȺ˵һǿ룡ԣΪֵһؾȿ˵
ţҲͬ⣡δǸ˵֮ϡ˵ȺǿˣеĻȨҲȻ֮ӡʱؾܶõһЩ
ðɣҲû
ôô˵ˣؾоСһ˶ͬ⣬λҲӦòᷴԡ
糾ʦãɻҪ˵
ȷһؾԺ󣬺ֿ糾ʵ
ûˣлλʦܹڰæгʱ䡣糾ҡҡͷĶԼ˵
һᾰС飬վ˵Сʼı⣬ʱµĺʱ

Ž֮⡣
ʱ붫ɱѾȥ˽ӽһµʱ䡣
ԭھŽ֮󣬾Ǵ֮Щ𡢵۾ǰġʱѾȥӽһ£ǻھŽ֮δ
Ǳ˵ԭ򣬶ǾԼԭ
СԴ߶ħ֮ĺʧһֱûԣ֪Сصʲôطȥˡ
ԲܽСԶ£ֻھŽǶС
ڣ˶ԾԶھŽͣһʱ䣬ҲûʲôĿǰΣһЩʱǰһЩʱǰûϵ˵ھеֱֱ׷ھŽǶൢһЩʱ䣬ʲô
һգСڴӻз˻СӽŽǣԾ͸ӦСϢһӭȥ
СһʱȥˣھŽΧ򣬼Сӽ㿪ʵ
Ը硭Сһ
С㡭Ϣǿˡѵ⿪ӡˣԾȴСоСϵϢ֮ǰǿࡣ
СΪԾ󲿷ʱӡסҪ忪ӡ


1544 ˭
СȻĵ˵ͷ
ž˵ֻ⿪˵һطӡҪȫָʵܻԶ
һطӡü
СϵķӡкܶأתĿʵ
ţڽ⿪һطӡ֮ǰҲ̫ӡľڣԼܸоӦûкüطӡҪЩӡȫ⿪ѡҳôԴټһħ֮ģŽһطӡ⿪Сҡҡͷ˵
Ҳ̲סԴ
ڵҪСȫָʵѶȷʵܴ󡣵һطӡĽ⿪ôѣķӡҪƿ϶ѡ
˶٣˵Ҳżɣһָȫʵġ
С⿪һطӡ֮ʵԺʵ
֮ǰСʵԼҲͨεӡ
ӦûǱȲԸʵʣӦûǿٰɣСﵭ˵
⻰۾ʱɴ
⿪һطӡͳһߣ
С㹥һԿѹеĳԾС˵
Ը磬СˣС֪Ե˼ԵĻֱӾ֣žԻӶһ¡
ڿռ֮ڣʱһɫ˿ߡЩ˿ٶȼ죬ת˲͵˾帽ƺҪԵס
Щɫ˿ϣԸоǿܲǱЩ˿˿߲סǼԼҪֻ¶ס
Բҵæֲϼ߶նҪɫ˿նϡ
ǣɫ˿߲δŽɨѡЩɫ˿ߣȻ͸⣬žϲƹȥ
⡭Դһ
æʩչռ˲Ϣ뿪ԭءһ̣֮⣬ʩչ֮Ӱƹĺɫ˿ѹȥ
˺ôĹ򣬾ԲŽɫ˿
ÿֲ̲ס̾
Ը磬һûСҡҡͷ
ѾǿˣҵƶϣӦþƥħЩħˡ˵
Сħ֮ǲǶ⿪ӡкܴʵ
ţħ̺֮һܹҸ׵ĳƷӡЧϣԴʮжħ֮ģ⿪һطӡܻҪܾءСͷ˵
Ҫǰˡܶնɱͷħ۾΢΢з
ħ֮İС⿪ӡȻҪԴõö࣡

գԴһȺ𡢵۾СӾŽ
տʵȾŴǿߣҲ½뿪ŽǷԼ硣
ʦһǸоʦǰǱȽðյΪһȺУʦտߣǵ˵
ڣʦܵʵҶǿܶˡħֻҪħεǿԳ֣ʦܾԣӦþͶӦġħħҪֶԸԣҲôס𣬿һֱħħǳضҲǰտ˵
λص磬ͱչɡǵʦܣƺ׵ĵҩǿҪϧλᣬȡûԲȻ̤ʾ硣տ˵
ǣʦֺͶʦֶ˷ܵӦ

֮󣬾ԱһȺߣıԵ
ڳǱһ߳ӭӡ
ؾӴӪڳǱ
ڳǱҲǴ֮սΪ˷ֹħٴֶĵһߡħ幥ڳǱôͻһʱ
Ӵ֮սڶʱħ廹δڳǱȻħ壬Ȼû཮򣬵ǿ϶δ׼ٴ֡û׼֮ǰҲðȻģսҲıⴥߡȺһ΢ƽ״̬
ڳǱĵߡڳǱô϶ưոݡ
λѣһ·ˣ
ڳǱӭӾԵ˵ߣΪ׵ģһߡ֮󣬻߰۾
Ϊ࣬ûҪôԻӻ˵
ߣԵĻԵ㶡ղԮ֮УһǰЩ֡ڣ߸ǴĴһٶԮ˵͸еЩˡ
ˣʲôݣ
Ǻǣ롭󣬺ܿ췴ӦЦһһĶ
룡Ҳ΢һ£ȷйȥ
ʮһٶ۾ھԵ
ˣ˭ιԮôΪ׵ӣһڳǱĵ۾ʵ


1545 Ϊ
˼ҡҡͷ
Ȼʶԡ
ӣһԮô˴ӣŴ緽棬ԽԽˣһ۾ҡҡͷ̾Ϣ˵
Ҫ˵üһ䡣
֮˽ڳǱ
ڳǱڵߣǺܶࡣһԼҲһǧ˵ӣд󲿷ֻǶΡ۾εһ붼ûС
ŴߣȷʵҲûжԸı߽硣£ÿһʱһֻΪǰر߽磬ܵõľǿԸ˻١
ȻԴȴܶһԴ
λѣԵƬ̣ȥʯ̫ԾԵ˿˵
еʯ̫ڳǱĸˡ
Դ֮սλʯ̫һֱڳǱʯ̫Ҳ֮ǰڳǱ֮ڣΨһʲߡ
ңλʯ̫ҲھŴ磬һġǸ˴֮սС
֮ǰԾ˽ڳǱҲ֪λʯ̫Ϣ
Ե˲δȴãһɫе߾˳΢ϣԾϳ˱ڳǱĸʯ̫ԣھŽǵʱ򿴹ʯ̫Ӱ
ʯ̫
ҴڳǱӭλѵĵڳǱ޷Ŵȣϣλ½⡣ʯ̫˵Ƚֱӡ
˵ʱĿҲھԵϡѾԮ֮ˡ
ʯ̫ãǾԣߡ֪ħ쳣ĶҴӹһ֧ԮڳǱȷһħĶЦŶʯ̫˵
Եһ·࣡ʯ̫Թ˹֣ûжٱ仯˵ԵѸոյִڳǱǴϢ죬ھ˵һ˵ħ
ϢͲˣʯ̫Ļھ˵˵ħһ˵
Ǻãλʯ̫˵ţתһɫ˹ȥ
Եˣȥ
ɫԾͿһй⻪˸ǽڡǽϣһƬòӦĵͼͼϣڳǱģֳɫһЩǺɫɫĵطڳǱвľ롣
Բ²⣬ɫӦħȽϻԾ
ʯ̫ĽܣҲ֤˾ԵĲ²⡣
ǰħͻȻڳǱѲ߶飬۾ʱڳǱѲ߶ħҲηСģͻ
ħ壬ǳǣĿǰûйڳǱļ󣬵ֳѹƵ̬ơʯ̫˵
ʯ̫ħжħԾֱʵ
ԵĻʯ̫ıԾҲһ£ü˿ԣ֮ƺ¶һЩá
˿˵ħУħҲܶࡣǰħԾǰһмħŽ򡣶ԴӼħͿʼͱˡ֮ǰһħִĿǰǻûڶħ֡
Ҳ˵ħ΢΢̧ü
ûħĿǰȷħ뿪ʱ䡣ħڳǱѹͻܴħ岻ֱӹڳǱҲͲֱӲֽڳǱڵԸһħҪ˵Ըħˡʯ̫žԡ
һʱ䣬Ѿ˼ѲߵĴѲ߶һħͿȫûѲߴҲǲΪ֮ʯ̫˵
ţˡԵ˵ͷ
ħЩ쵰Ϊ̫۸ˡħΪǣһ£˿ߵˡ
СҲ¶ЦЦžһӾŽˣҲЦһǣû̫ѹоڣħħħҲռʲôơ
Ե˵̬ⷬʯ̫ٴü
ԵѣڳǱ֮ڣȷʵǰȫġǣǲȫڳǱ֮ڡΪǿԸǣǾʹˡʯ̫˵ѾкԵĲˡ
ǾþԵ̬ԵöϷˡ
ڳǱڵˣܵħĹѲ߶أЩѲȥѵͿӶʲôħΪǣ


1546 ħʼ
ʯ̫ⷬ˵þЩˡ
Բû˶ʯ̫κεŭǰõϢУҲ֪ʯ̫ԸȽϹֱˡңʯ̫Ӵ֮սפڳǱɲһġ
ԴĵףҲȽλʯ̫
ʯ̫˵ʯ̫ҵ˼ˡ
ҲǴ㣬ñصķʽӦħĲơģħӭͷػ֪಻Ǻġ˵
ԵѶħʵӦ˽ɣ֮ڣĿǰħԾǣζӭͷػʯ̫ΪڳǱĽǲ뿪ġ˵뿪ڳǱҲ޷Ըħʯ̫žҡҡͷ˵
ǺǣʵҪʯ̫֣һȥѲߡʯ̫㣬ֻҪڳǱɡЦ˵
㣿ʯ̫һ¶֮ɫ
ΪǾŴĳĺ󱲣ǶƽġƺΣգڳǱ֮ڣʵǱȽϰȫġʯ̫δԻҪѲߡ
ңԵͷ
ʯ̫ܻ֪Դ˵ʵԴˣܹԿħǿߡһ˵
ʲôʯ̫ԣ۾ࡣ
ʯ̫ܻ֪Ѿ˰ɣڼ֮ǰ཮򸹵أִŽǸ糾׷ϣ糾նɱ糾ܹնɱΪʵЭǾԴˣ˶츳Ժı˵·ƶ츳ˡ
ˣ
ʯ̫ȻĿԣȻ֪Ĵ
Сʣ߾ԣȻʲǿߣ
΢Цûж˵ʲôħȷʵоʲôвңС⿪һطӡʵѾħħСϣֻҪҵħɱҲûпܡ
ʯ̫ǾͲʱˣͽɱħ۾΢΢з
һΣҺСнʯ̫ڳǱʱֹͨѲ߶Ƿħ壬ҴѶħλøҼɡԶʯ̫˵
⡭ǲЩΣˣʯ̫ü
ЩΣŻΪǹƽүû뵽Լȫˡ
޷ģֻҪħ֣ұԱҡҡͷ˵ħ׳ֵģ𣬶йעħħټħ뿪ħħ򣬾ͻ̱֪˵
СǳԶСһ֡
Сٸȥ
ܶɱͷħ˵ܽ˽⿪ڶطӡʵٴδ
ԺС뿪ڳǱʽڳǱڣԾͼ֮ħԾ򡣾ԴСֱӾžڳǱĺɫȥ
֮
ԺСһ֧ħСӡһ֧ħСӣһɾħɡΪ׵ħϢжϣӦǸ߼ħ
߼ħʵӦģԼǿǿ߼ħ֮µмħӦʵԼǶ۾ͼħʵӦͨ
ڵͼħ֮£ǴͨħҲԳΪħʿͨħʿҲҪͨǿöࡣҪɱһħʿҪһȺֲͨ
֧ħСӣһ߼ħΪףħǵͼмħ
Щħٶ׵ĸ߶ȡǵòп𶼲󡣲ЩħɫϵǺԵġкɫлɫкɫȵȡ
С㲻Ҫ֡ħĸ߲㣬ӦѾ֪ҽ򣬲ǲ֪ʵҪɱħڻܳ֡ԶС˵
Ը磬סСͷȻҲնɱħΪ˵õħ֮ģҲ֪ҪԼ
ˣ
һ֧ħСӽӽȥ
΢࣡
ˣСǣɱ
ħСӣҲܿͷ˽ӽྰԡ߼ħ̾һ԰Ը
Щħ׷ŭóžԳ˹
֮
䣡
֮۵ĽӰٴȥǰһмħֱӾͱӰӰħĺ󱳹ᴩħϮɱȥ
࣡ʵǿӦʣҳˡ߼ħ޴۾žԡ
ߣܣԿ߼ħתҪӴܡ


1547 ɱħ
߼ħսҲ൱
ھԵ֮£ѣǲǹ¡
ħɵСӣԼҲͼʱ䣬ȫɱȫû
ϵħ֮ģȻССЩеͼħǵħ֮ȻħȣֻҪ㹻࣬ͬСƷӡо޴İ
ߣѰħһʱħܻԾȡ֮ǰɱһЩһ˵
ھԺС뿪֮󲻾ãһ֧ѲСҲִǿŸħʬ֮΢΢һ䡣
̴Ѷˣӳ˵
ڳǱ֮ڡ
ħɱлһ߼ħ
ǾԵѳֵģ
⡭
ѶȥѲСע⣬ħС֮ٲҪţֻҪλõһʱ䴫ؼɣʯ̫ܵĻһȭͷԸѲСӡ
ʱһȥתۣԺСھѾͣ˼ʱ䡣
ѲСӵĸ֮£Ѿɱнӽʮ֧ħСӣļ£ҵħСӻȽף˺棬ħСӳֵƵʾͺܵˡ

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Եһռڣһͷкɫǣ׸߶ȵħŭ
ߣһͬﵽ׸߶ȵɫƤħ
ɫħѾԾʱļħһħ֮ǰֽͻ
ͻұˣħص˵
⼸ʱ䣬ħԻɱһٶи߼ħʮħ˵ҲǺܴʧˡ
üħ޷ܵĻħ壬ȻǱѹƵģܲˡ
ǿħ壬ʲôʱЩѹƹˣ
ǰĴ֮սȻħ屻ջˣһսʧħΪһսĽ򻹴ģСֻԭһɡ
ֻħ׷ɱ࣬Щ׷ɱħʱ
ԣħڷǳҪɵԣݺݷйеĶ
ħ˿˵ˣྰԲöԸǶôˣͻħҡҡͷ˵
ͻ֮ʵѭһλħ˵˼ħ߲֪ľ㽫Ϊصעħ߲㣬Ҳ֪ħǣ¼ħǾԶ֣ԲͻħҲ
ߣˡǣֲǱǾɱ糾ɱ˶ΪȻ˵
Ƕ֪糾ɱ˶Ǿԣ糾Ҳɱ˶ʵֲǲ֪ԣԣǱСһЩͻħ˵
СģСģһֱСģѵǾŶǱǸɱ¾ѵҪȫ˳˳ǵ˵ħͷˣ۷ŭ˵
Ҳˣ棬ͻħڶ档ˣɱ棬ǴͣѵͲõݹ𣿡ħͻħ
ͻħԵЩɡ
Уʱѵûע⵽ǸڱλáΪҪôΪ£ǲǣΪôСģҿʵҲ˰ˡߣжǿһˣɴħŵ˵
⼸ʱȷʵͣıԼλãһطɱһ֧ħ󣬱뿪ͺڶħܵΧɱһ㡣ΪڼΪԺ¡
ͻôģǸǿҲʣֲ𣡺ߣǺ£ǾˣԼȥҲɱЩͷ˵
ðɣһȥǸԵʵĳǣǱߡͻ˵
ȻֲɵǴ򲻹ҵȻ֪ܡͻͬȥɱԣŸ˵
ͻħܿ뿪ڵĶռ䣬뵽֮ڡͨһЩħСӵĻ㱨ԼҲжϳԴʱڵλáħٵžΧɱ˹ȥ
ڳǱ֮ڣ
ˣһߣʯ̫ǰ
鱨ħһħħ򣡡ټ˵
ħ٣ڳǱȻصעġħڳǱҲܿõϢħĽ룬ڳǱ˵Ǿ޴ѹ
ʲôʱ£ʯ̫һ
ʱ֮ǰ߳Ӧ


1548 С
ħͬʱҪ˵ûĿģʯ̫ţ
ħʱѾ˺δʯ̫ѯʵ
ʱ֮ǰħһͬ򡣵ǵж·߿ƺ޿ڳǱļ󡣡˵
ǿڳǱ
ǡѵǡ
ãǵĿģܿǾԵѡʯ̫Ȼ뵽ֿܡ
ħһĿڳǱߣֻԾʡ
ʯ̫æóѶʯϵԡ
ȽϽҿҪ뿪ڳǱʯ̫һߴѶԣһ߶ǰ˵
ҪҪԱʵУǲ֪ͨˣ
Աˣ֪ͨǲУħδڳǱҲħֻ֣֡»صӦʯ̫ҡҡͷ
ûٶ˵ʱϣȷʵˡڼڳǱǿߣٵһЩʱ䣬Ǿʾ͸Σˡħƽħ֣Ҳܳ֡
ˣھͳȥҾԵѣǸڳǱ쳣̴Ѷҡʯ̫Ը˵
ǣӦ
ʯ̫ٶȷɳڳǱžλøȥ֮УҲδѶʾ
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֮£ߣҪĸ࣬һħ濹⡣ڣȴħȥΧɱԡ㾰ԵʵһʣҲܵеùħ֡
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ʯ̫ˣħѾˡ˵仰жϵ
仰ʯ̫ϢһĴ߶ٶޡ

ڻˣԵѾӦǿϢٽӽԼλá
⼸ʱ䣬ԺСⲻһλ̫ͣãĿľΪһּ󡣾ԾϣħħΪԼǼɵ
ħĲ֮ǳΣܽҲҲħ֮ءڣħ뿪֮Ǿ뿴ġ
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⼸꣬СˣΪʵһֱûж֡
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Ƭ̺޴Ӱǽ뾰Ե֮ڡ
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һ˵ԽǸߴħʵԽǿ
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ӴȴǵһЩ롣֮ȻûشҲܲܡ
ڽ֮ǰȻ˵ྰʵǳǿ󡣵ֻԽ棬ྰԵжôǿ
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ͻңһߵͻ
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죬Ҫ΢΢зһ£֮ٴʩչ
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飡
ħΧԡԣƾ֮򣬴Ӧԡħħȷʵɱǵķ̫ǿˡҪɱҪʱ䡣
ྰʵ̫ǿƾɱͻһζԾԷתĿ򼫺˵
ȻҲʶһ㣬ƴȫȻˡ֮Уԣǿʲࡣ
ţȷʵɱⱰ΢档߰ɣȥħˣҪɱԣٵħĸħֲСص˵
ߣûôף
ʱһɫӰͻȻ֡ոģССֻӶһɫ˿߱żͻħƹȥ


1549 ޴ʧ
Щɫ˿ǿĻɱϵ
ͺ߲ԡ
Сʩչĺɫ˿߾ͻħٶȶ
ǣҲܸܵɫ˿ߴвƴҪϺɫ˿ߡǵȻǿȴǲһЩҪϺɫ˿ߣҪѱȽϳʱ䡣
Ҫ֪ǾԣҲȫԸܽɫ˿ߴݻ١
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ڵ磬ȻǿҲƵĳܾԵǿ󹥻
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޳ܵ࣬ɱңħŭ
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ħɱ󣬾һ㲻̽ìͷתͻħ
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Сħ֮ˣԶСһЦ˵
лԸ磡Сһϲͻħħ֮Ķ˳
ʱʯ̫ӰҲѾӽħֵս
ʯ̫һ·ڳǱϵһֱڵģ¾Աħɱ
ԶԶģʯ̫ڿУɳһ
Կʯ̫ӽҲӭȥ
ʯ̫Զʯ̫˹֡
Եѣʯ̫Ҳֻ񣬽˵û¾ͺãղҵõϢԾħһǵĿ㡣⼸ɱ˲ħСӣħ̲סˡ
ԵѣҪ뿪˵ءʯ̫Ȼڵļͻħ
ʯ̫뵣ħˣѾˡЦЦ
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ʯ̫˳žָķȥȺ󿴵˼ͻħӴħȻӴ󣬵Ƕĵ湵Уھָǰʯ̫δħʬ塣
⡭
ԵѣħǱɱʯ̫۾ɴ󣬾ԡ
ҺС֣ŽħȫɱЦЦ˵
ʱСҲѾħ֮ķء
ʯ̫˿С˫Ŀ֮еĲ˼ʯ̫ʵͿСﲻ࣬ӦޡǣȻ벻С˿ֲʵ
ѹ֣ԵѽСߣɱħСӣСһֱšԭСʵҲ˵ǿ
ħ壬ħѾɱʱڣӦûʵһˡ˵ȻڳǱ
ãʯ̫ѹе𾪵ͷ

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ļħͻħնɱϢҲܿʹ˹
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ǰħǸоԵֱӵĹϵԣǵв̫ˡδΪ𣬾˾޴ƻ̤ΣħҪѹŴˣ
ǣҪɱԣҲסȺ֮ڣǿħҲɱǸԡҪɱҪħԳ֡ǣЩħʱ̱עһǽضʱڽ򡣡
ǰ֣Ͳÿˣ˵սڣδ׼ãȫ濪սʱǰʧһΣһΣԲʧܡ
ɱ⾰ȷʵףҲܼȥˡԽãǾԽǲʵڲУֻܶǵħˣ
ħţγԡ
ЩħȻ𣬿вѾҪˡΪɱԣħħҲϧ
ҪħһħЩȷ
û취ֻܶħɱྰԣǶħҲֵõġһɫƤħᶨ


1550 
ħ岻ͬ
ʦǿƳεħ壬ǸûħʹõҲǳֲڣϾǼ򵥵òֱ
ħħʵҲһ챦ǻ챦
ڻ֮УŸָ챦ЩУҲֻкĲʺħʹáңΪħ岻޷ҪʹħҪ߰Ĵۡ
ԣѰ£ħħǲ׶õġ
Ϊ˶Ըһʲ߶ħħʷϣҲҲΡ
ħͬ⶯ħԸԡɫƤħ˵ֻҪɱԣǶħҲֵõġ

ڼͻħɱ֮ħĻԾͺˡ֮ڣҲټħСӵټ
Բδ뿪ڳǱ཮
Դɱħ󣬾ԵĴʱ䣬㶼ڿԼĵϡʵϣҲ¿硣
ԵǬС磬ڵ硣ģȫǬСĻ
ʱƣǬСҲԽԽȶģѾǴﵽտʵĲΡ
ȻôǬС棬ߣǬСѾǲˡ
СҲûš
Ҳһٶħ֮ĺħ̺֮ȥӡ
һʱСԡ
ԸոռС͸ӦСӦٴγɹƷӡˡСϢ֮ǰٴη˾޴ı仯ڵСþҲ͸ˣֻһֺɽĸо
Ը磬ҵĵڶطӡ⿪ˡСûȾѯʣͿ˵
΢΢һ
磬Сոƿʱֻ൱ͨ⿪һطӡǳԽͨʿħħôڽ⿪ڶطӡʵ
ڵʵԼ൱ɣС˵

Ȼ׼С˵仰󣬾Ի̲סһ
֪ٴĥѣʱ䣬Ȼṳ̂ĲΡСȴڶ̶̵ʱڽ⿪ڶطӡֱӴﵽǿߵĲΡ
ʼ
Ҳǲпһ
Ը磡ڣָ˸ļ䣬һЩԭģ飬ҲࡣҿܣҪ뿪һʱ䡣Сž˵
Ҫߣ΢΢ü
ţһЩ飬ұȥҪصһˣϵҵطӡĽ⡣С˵ͷ
ȻҺ᲻Ը磬ұ뿪һʱ䡭СЩˡ
óȷʵ᲻뿪ԡȻʼ档ȻѾָ˺ܶ䡣
ʲôʱʵ
ڣСҧҧݡ
ԣĿСԶȥСӰʧ֮ڡ
С뿪ˣ
ֻʱ뿪СһЩҪ飬
Ҳ֪СǲĻǣСô˵ģС˵Ҿԡ
С뿪󣬾Ժܿ񣬻ص֮Уеʱ䣬ȹǬС֮ϡҪԴԾ˵⡣ԵԴʱ˵ܳ㡣
֮󣬾һЩ֮ǬСݱ֮УԵõ򣬳֮Ȼյ֮١糾˵Կ֮սϣܿǿߡ
ʵȷʵˡ
Ես֮󣬱ǵõٴεڵľԣԶħҲȫѹкܴնɱ
һգ֮⣬һοռ֮ڡ
һ߶㳬׵ħվƽ֮УͻȻһ粽˲οռ䣬ڻ֮С
ྰԣ
Ϊ˻ɱ㣬ħ岻ϧħ죬ʱСˣߴħص
ٿ䣬ǰһ޴ĺɫ֮֡ɫϣɢһƸõϢɫ֮ܣӿɫЩɫܿͽɫ帲ס
ʼɣʱ䲻࣬ܿͻᱻע⵽ԣұӦ֮ǰǾԻɱħķλ
ûֱӽ
Ϊ̾ͻᱻԣѡ֮⡣룬΢ЩԶħȻܹڳǱľԲЧá
䣡
ڳǱ֮ϣ
һɫУȻֲ֡Ϣ̼佫ڳǱס
Ӻɫ֮УһֲĺɫȻ¡


1551 ֮
ڳǱ֮ڵľԣһʱ͸о˴͸
ã
ħڹڳǱ
Ӱһ˲Ϣ֮Լķ䡣
ڳǱϿգɫеĺڹ⣬ǻڳǱػ֮ϡڳǱ󷨣֮תһεתһϻۣͼֵϿսĺɫ⡣
ÿµϢ
⡭ܣƺԽ糾ˡѵħħ٣ڹڳǱ̧ۣͷա
ʯ̫Ҳ澰֮һڷɳȻĿеĺɫâ
꣡꣡
ڳǱػγɵĹĻɫвϱŷĺڹơ
̫ǿˣڳǱػƺסԵѣܿħԳ֡ʯ̫ɫضԾ˵
ţȷʵǿò˼顣ֻǣֻܿϿһ޴ĺɫУЩŹ֡ħħǽӦ޷ӹ۾ġüŲ˵
ȷʵЩ֣ʯ̫ҲΪȻĵͷ
ʯ̫ĿͻȻһ֮ɫ
ãܿħյħʯ̫뵽һֿܡ
ڴ֮սУħҲùħԸԣμӹ֮սǿߣħҲİֻǣħħҲǷǳصģײʹáһΣΪͻȻħڳǱأ
ħڳǱƣħ˵ƺҲܴȡ̫档ʹħҪĴۼӦǵòʧġ֮ħδħڳǱ
䣡
ʱڳǱػ󷨣֮Уһ졣ȫϣɫâơɫâڻڳǱ֮󣬲δģϮڳǱҲûȥڳǱڵڶߣǱ۵̬žλú
ԸоϢԼһ
Ȼǳģһ
ڷţԾԤϵһħڳǱĹԼڼɫϿԼϯȷһˡ
ԵСģʯ̫ҲǺڹҪɱԡ
ʯ̫ͬʱԱ㽫ϼֳȫ߶֮Ӱźڹӭȥ
񣬾Ի̺֮ܣɱȼǰǿˡԳһЩ֮֮뵽֮У֮кܴȵ
ɱңûôףҧȵ
䣡
кڹ֮ӰײֽȻֲͬܲڳǱ֮ڣļµ
ڳǱڵߣȫ𾪵ĿһĻ
ħ壬Ҫɱʴˣ
ħ壬Ȼʹħ
ԴˣһҪסڳǱ˺ܿͻ
ڶڳǱߣ׷׺ǣҲԴ߶ֵռŰ
֮ĽӰкڹĺ֮£ʼ𽥵ɢ
ħҲ̫ˣ
ԷĴ߶
ڽ߾ȫ֮£֮ȻԵסкڹѹ
ԾڵʵԴҲܿһˡڵĻ̺֮ܣӦǺܽӽѰĹɼˣ֮ǵסкڹ⡣
Ȼ֮кڹٶȽࡣ
֮⣬ʹħԾԷħҲǷһ
ԣʵ֮ǿ֣֮Ȼܿɱħŭ쳹Ƭ֮С
ûʱˣӦϾִܵڳǱɶ񣡡ħݺݵĶ˶š
ִֻеڶƻˣྰԣɣħӶֱۡ
Ӷֱ۵ͬʱǰԶħ֮ϣٴεһֹܲ
ڳǱ֮⣬һɫӰٽ١
Сѣ㣡ɫӰ֮֮䣬ʱһ޴ӡ
ӡݺݵźɫĻ˹ȥ˲Ϣ֮䣬ӡںɫ֮ϡ޴ĺɫУ֮Ӻɫͷųĺڹ⣬Ҳǲϲܽࡣ
ˣɫӰ֣ʯ̫ϲ
ոոˣ⼸ǧڹעڳǱڳǱ֪̾ˣҵһʱ
עġԣ⼸ǧһֱھԶĵطػΪˣ˿ݵĵִڳǱ
𹥻ɫУҲ΢ɳһѾокڹ̺ĹĽ͡


1552 ̬
ӡĻںɫ֮ϡ
ٵѹ֮Ӻɫж϶ŷĺɫ⣬ԾԵвѾ
Ǻɫ֮£ңƺɢļ󡣿һħԾԷİɱʧܡ
䣡
ھԵ˾иʱ򣬺ɫ֮ڣͻȻһɹ֡
žֹԵ֪֣΢΢һæͼֵ
ֻǣһΣ֮Ȼûܵס
ãеͺһæʩչռޣҪܿ
תԵʧԭءһ̣ǳڳǱ֮⡣
ֻǣûüԼ˹ȥԾ͸оǹɴӺɫͷųȻѾסԼ
ô˹죿ЩȻģʶͨСʩչ籩
籩γɵɹһĵֵãЧȻԣɲǼ֮󣬾Եͱס
󣬾ֻоǰռ侰Ȼһ䡣
һ޴ǳ֮ڡԿȷԷħħһħǿߡ
ħħ֮Уħεġɶ߶ȣҲԶԶûԼڿħ޴ԣԷضħεħ
Ծ߶ȼжŶԷͬʱܻǲԶɫ󣬱µӦþǴ˴ħ嶯õħ
ྰԣħת޴ͷ­۾ħ͹ľԡ
Ϊɱ㣬ħ岻ϧħ֮֡ҲãΪˣħ¡¡
ǺǣħΪɱңҲƴģħԳ棬ΪħɱңֻҲסЦһ˵
Ȼ˵ѾڿʩչռˡӦþԶԼӦú׾ͽֻҪħǸԼ׷ɱܸ֪ҿٸԮ
ྰԣߡҿԸ㣬ĻˣӲ죬ɣħƺ˾Ե˼
𣿡һ
ಣ
ռʩչ
󣬾оһ䡣
һƬ֮ڣҲһֹסǽԴڳǱҲǴħ֮ͷųġħƺһĿռ䡣ռ䣬ȫ˾ԵռޡҲ˵ƬռѾħԾڵʵֽܴ
ྰԣɣħԾԷ˹
Ȼħ֣֮ԴڳǱʱڣܻҲطȥ¶ĿԾͻ֮Ӵ
ԣħҲնɱԡ
ħӶһ޴ĹӣžԺɨֲ˺ѻռ䣬ױȵܣԾԽѹ
֮Բ˿Ĵ⡣
ħͬȲεĴڡҴڵοħΪɱԼضгֵ׼ΪԷһħ岻ǲһʵԽħɱԼԣħħħУҲǿǸεġ
䣡
֮ӰֵħĳֻǺʱ䲻ӰͿʼɢɫĳž
ʱԵĸоͺԼ
̫ǿˣ
ħʵֲ̫ˡ¾糾ҲĶ֡Դʧɫ

ڳǱ
ɫʧˣԣҲźɫһͬʧ
һء
ˣԵʧˣʯ̫Ҳܿ췢־ԲˣѸұڳǱҲûз־Եټ
ţ˵ͷ
򣬶ûоСѵټ£ЩˡһħΪɱԣνϧһˡǣȻħ֣֮ͳ˵
ܵ飬ҵԵ䣡ϵ
ʵϣʱѾϵʱѾǰڳǱ;С
ʦܣ׷˺£
ӻУһӰ֮
ν𣬸ϵڳǱν𿪱ٵĵ磬ڳǱǱȽϽġԣǳ֮⣬ϵڳǱ
ħ嶯ħֶ֮ԸСѣھСѾʧ򡣡ν˹˵
֣֮
ħ壬ôֱʣ֣֮ħյļħ֮ǿһΪ˶ԸСѣǾȻö֮֡Ӧʹֵ֮Ŀռ䴫ν˫ü˵


1553 Ѷ
νʦ֣ħ˴Ļǲϧħֶ֮ԸСѣֻǻñȽǿħԶ֡ݡ
ţֻǣħûнҲͲȷСѾĴλáνͷҡҡͷ
һ˵ħܴ֮󣬵Ҳȱ㡣СڳǱ뿪ôֱ֮ضںԶĵطǾ̫Զֵ֮޷ЧӣԺܿܣСѾܱߡ
²˳٣̷ֿѰܱߡν
áӦ
ʯ̫һڳǱ㽫ǵжת档ֿʯ̫˵
ʯ̫Ӧ
λת˲ʧڳǱϿա
ʯ̫ҪҪ˳ȥһʯ̫ѯʵ
ʯ̫ҡҡͷ˵ν˵ԵѾܱߣҲǺܴġǿ˵ѰһȦöáЩҪѰѶȺܴЩˣﲻæġ
ʯ̫˵Ҳͷ
ʯ̫˵ǼȥѰҾԣҲûʲôôҵԣǻƻ˶ˡ

ɶħ̫ǿҵסԵ壬ڻзѪӿбвϵ
·Ҫ˺Ƭ
ܵһྰԣȻһ㡣ܵסһģǵһħ˵
˵֮ʱƶӽԣо޴ĳٴž
ʱľѾ˾ռޱ֮޷ЧȻħһӰ죬Ҳ޷תԵơط籩ʹˣħȷʵֲ̫ˣ籩Ӱ춼
ۿž޴󳤹ֻܽ߾ȫ߶ֵ֮
ѵӲˣҪҧݣ˫ĿĶǰĹӰ
ྰԣɣħĮžԡ
еľ޴󳤹ϾܽоԵҳ촷ۡ

ʱһһƬռ䣬ͻȻ׵ѿ
ѿĻռ䣬һֹϵĲɣϢ֮
ħҲתĿѿһӴ϶ĿЩɻ
ħ΢У϶ڣһ貵ĺŷ⣬谭ĸסеľԡԸոսӴƬ⣬Ƿ·һصɴʧȥʶֱӻԹȥ
ֵúͻȻʧҲϢһʧǻռѷҲ𽥵գ֮䣬ȫʧҲҲһ˿һĺۼ
ħ˿ռѷֵķλֿ˿Ըղڵλá
ôܣ
Բܣռ䣬ôͻȻѿֵ֮ܣȻӰһƬռ䡣֮еǿߣҲϢ͵ĽƬռ䣬˺Ƭռ䣡
⵽ô£ħϸѰţƺҪʧľҳ
ǣһѰûκջ
ɶ񣡡ħӶŭĺһ
֮ǰδԤϵռͻȻѿȻһɫ֣ྰʧؼǣȻ֪ʧġǻռѷ죬֪ͬγֵġ
ҲȷྰˣȻš֪ྰˣҲɱ
ߴ
ħѰټ޹֮ʱһߵŭ
νӰ֡ν뿪ڳǱ󣬱ٶѰܱߡڣ﷢ħħߴ
ڿߴռ䣬ħ֮֡
νŭħߴһתĶνӽ
ߴνһƬռ䣬ȴûз־Եټ֪һǱ͵͵ħߴߡ
ڲԣôֻһͣǾѾɱʬ޴ˡ
ߣνˣߴν˵
ߴǱɣħ֣֮ɱһ࣡νȫɱڣŭɶغ
ɱྰԣνܰߴȻûνͻռֵ쳣
ɶ񣡿ߴһνһɫ֣Ҳ֮ͬʱѾһſߴɱ˹ȥ
νûȤɱҪߣסҵģߴνħ֣֮ɫҳһ󣬱һԶݶȥ
ߴСν
ûȥ׷ߴħΪߴҪߣƾһȷʵס


1554 
ħǿƣħķΪ¡
ߴһߣνһ˶ԴȷʵҲ޿κΡ
ڿߴߺνֽƬռϸѰһ飬ûзκξԵټ
ħ壡ν޺޵ŭһ䡣
֪оųɵĿܣѾˡȻʵףʲ֮пһָԵǿߴħضǵסġ
νʦ֣
ʱҲһٽӽ
˿ܣüͷ
νʦ֣⸽ոƺ׽ռڲдܲ
ţħߴմ뿪νͷ˵
ߴͫ΢΢һ
ħ߲㣬εǿ߶ָơĸ߲㣬ħħǿߣͬкʵ鱨Ϣ
ߴħ֮УǺǿĴڡ
ԣǿߴʹħ֮֡ҹʱֻħߴûԵټҲ룬Ժܱܿߴɱˡν̾һ
⡭ʶ˿
ʦܣȻڳǱɡϢҲҪ֪νתĿ˵
ҲֻˡСıɱʧɾʹˡҡҡͷ˵
νصڳǱλȺڳǱνˣ㽫龭һ顣
벻ħΪɱԣȻħ֮֡ңʹֿ֮ռ䴫͵Ĺܡһֵ֮ʹãֻµļʱ䴢ɣһλ𾪵˵
ħħҪӻ㹻ʹá
һħʹ֣֮ʱȻĵҲôӻʱ
ΪܲףҪĻܣħħʹ÷ǳ򲻵ѣͲᶯħħʹһΣ͵Ҫܳܳʱӻ䡣
ħ嶯ħһʧСıɱʧȻ󡣡ν˵
ǰСѵǱɱЩϼһﶼҪ޴Ҳϣһ̾
£ܾôˡλѾͶӰҲȥɡһ£λӦħжνҧ˵
ãڳǱļ𣬶ͷ˵

Ա۾һɫʯ̨֮ϡ
Ҳ֪˶ã۾ЩãĴܡ
Գǣ壬δͷ
ô£Դ󾪡
֣ʱԼȻһָ޷Ҫ˵
⵽ʲôطҼǵãħħҪɱңȻռͻȻѿӿһɺɫȻҾʧȥʶֱӻԹȥԻ֮ǰ顣
˵ԹȥǺܺġʵԽǿߣһԽǿԽǿ󣬾Խ׻ԡһֻ߳ԵǶش
ԼһԼ壬ֲ޴ˡԣһԣԵúܹ졣Ҫ֪Եǿȣǿǿ壬ôʧȥʶ
һĵط
侲ұ侲˿Щƽ
ԼʱʲôĻٻš
ǻѷĳ֣ĿǰӦǺ¡ΪǻѷͻȻ֣ڿѾħɱ
ǡ
侲֮󣬾ԺܿͷһЩͬѰܸ֮оʱԼӦʲôϡڷֵıǣԼĶƺһֹŹֵͷųӿ뵽Լڡ
Լ֮޷ЩŹֵйϵ
ЩͺһԼ壬εĹ̶
æǳϸļ壬Ƿ֣ӿԼĹŹԼÿһλһǸ񺣣ȫйŹټ
ã
ҵšԸоԼȻţɫɴ䡣
ӿڵĹŹϢɾԵֹ̺ܻǾϸļ壬¶޷һ㡣
þԾǣȻԹŹûκεĵֿ
ҹȥԳתżȥ
ţԵľͲһԴ߶ȴûκλӦķһתڵû֮תûȥżЩ
ƺֻԼԸɾ


1555 ֮
뾰ڵŹ֣ƺһħܹ߾ڵ
ƾȫתһ񹦣˿
ЩĹŹʴٶȿƲ졣ԲܽƳǳ羰ԵᱻԹ⡣ûˣǾȻҲˡ
޷ת
ҲûκЧ
ɶķ֮Ȼ޷֪
ô죿˻𣬳Ըְ취
СڣͷСڹͨ
ˣǺ鷳ˣһڲϹңҡСڵ뾰Ժ
ʲôЩĶҲԾ
Сڣûа취ԸԽʵ
ԹˣУԴЩֵûκ赲֮СڵҲܽ
⡭ѵǾֻܵԵɴ۾
ھģƺҲǵˡ˵ָͷ޷գ۶ԶĿƣѾȫɥʧˡ
ʱ䣬һζ
⼸ʱԲϳԴ߶ûһܹɹ
ȻѾԼ侲ҲЩƲסˡΪԷֵ֣̲Լٶȣƺмӿơ
տʼʱ̲ٶȣҪǧܽԼȫɵżʱȥɵٶȣǼӿһҡ
ԼҲȷСڵ֤þȷţֵԼٶȷʵڼӿ졣
Уôȥɵٶֻ»ԽԽ졣Էٵתͷ
Ǽʱȥ
ˣøǿˣСڵѾЩҡ
ţҸоˡţٴμӿ졣ڵٶȣܼʮҾˡңȷٶȲάڵ״̬١ԽҲΡ
⾿ʲôط
ʲôҴӻ֮˹ҪΪβֱɱңзŭ
ҲܾôϢҪȥ
ͷһӦǬС硣
ãǬС绹ܸӦõԵͷǬС硣
ʱѾܽǬС硣
Եͷ֮ԴбԴͨҳʹбԴ
ǣбԴҲʧȥԭЧáھͷ߶֮£бԴûκηӦڣҲûио򲨶
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ôֹɣѵûκΰ취һа취ԵӹǬС硣
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뵽֮󣬾æ߾ȫ֮
֮ǰڳǱʱ򣬾ԾڿǬС磬ѭ򽥽ĹݱԼĵ硣УԳһЩ֮
ֻǣյ֮ǳ١û취ֻҽһ¡
ţ֮ӴֵĹŹ󣬾΢΢һ
ЧȻЧ̲סеĿϲܹǾԿ϶ҪХһйеˡ
ڼʱֿϣܲĳȣ
ֵ֮ڵȷʵзǳЧʶ֮赲ʱɾٶȱõԵĽ͡
Ϊյ̫֮٣Իȫ赲Ҫ˵ȫƳ塣ô˵ⶼֻʧ޲ߵҪõöࡣ
Ҹô֮ǿȹģ
ҵǬСȻݱ֮Укܶ򡣵ǣұϾյֲܴ֮ڡҪڶʱ֮⼸ǲܵ飬̤뵽𾳽硣
ǾԲܵģһ֮ǰҲ̤𾳽硣
׸ô죿
һ߲ٿֵ֮һ˼ŶԲߡ
ʱһȥ
֮ĹսУģԾǷһЩͬѰ֮
ڼβżȻ֮УԷԼٿص֮оֲľҲ
Բٿص֮ĶԿǴƵġȻӻԼȻٵļ١ϣⳡս۾һֵܾ״̬֮ԿУԸоһЩϸ΢֮֮ƺõȵǿ
֮ǿģԻûסԿ϶ڵǿǬСݱ䲢κεĹ
ѵ֮ǿһڵݱУԺй⻪һһǳ󵨵𾪵ļ衣


1556 춴ؾ
ͷȻðԼһ
ȻھԻֻʾǬСݱҲǴһʼ׶Ρ֮ĵԵݱ䣬֮оһܼ򵥵ĳʶͨҲ֪һ㡣
ھȴðһͷ֮һҪڵݱе
˶񣬾Կʼע֮ı仯
ܿ죬Աȷһ¡Լٿص֮ĶԿУһЩϸ΢֮ȷʵͻȻһǿķȡǿȫǴڵġ
ǿģ
Уʲôԭ򣿡Խȫ˼֮ϡ
ǿ󣬾Զ֮ı仯Ľв׽ÿһεı仯̣ԿʼԽԽ˽⡣
һһꡣ
תۣǼʮ֮ˡ
Ȼ⣬Ҳһֵɣֻǣ𿪱ٵĵ磬ǽȻ෴ʽЩš
Щˣ
ʽĵ磬ħ硣
ɹôҡԵüȡ
⼸ʮʱԶоѾȽ롣ڣѾԿʼ硣ʱԽ谭
ȻҲ˺ܶࡣ
ڵľԿѾԵмֲϡͷࡣ
һۿȥͨʮˡԼҲоõԼ౻ɵ˳һ롣
֮ھԿѾľˡ
ھԲû̫һ㣬ֻҪܹɹ֮ģıôܽɸһٱƳ⡣ڱɵҲͨһЩ䱦
Ḷ́˵Ϊ˳ҪǬСݱöˡ
ʱ䣬Ѿģң֮У֮˼ǿ֮ĶԿ˫ĴҲԵˡ֮ǰ֮ƣơ
Ѿ޷ɾԵ
ȷһɹȶôֵ׾ٵıƳ⡣
ûκиҲκεĴ⡣

ɹˣ
磬ȹ̣
ҹȥһ籬
һ֮¡¡ѹȥûκм֮ں֮䣬㱻ȫ˳ȥ
ȫ뿪ڣֻȫһᡣˣһ̥ǵĸо
󣬾ԷԼգˡȻҲſˡָָҲͷһ¡ںܿӦ󣬾
ʱԲſԼΧľ
һķ䣬ʩҲļªԼ棬һɫʯ̨֮⣬
⵽ʲôطתתĿ
ˣǿµ뿪ˣˣһΪءСڵ
һȷʵΣգˡҺһЩ֮ľֻܵˡɵĻӦһ䡣
Сһϲ㰡
ʱ򣬴ӷ棬һɫӰ˽
һ뷢߰׵ߣϴһĨЦݡУһȡվڷŵλãЦеĴžԡ
ǡԱһ䱸鿴ߡ
ߵϣԸоһ˿ΣյϢߣƺħҪµöࡣ
ؾĿߣСһԽҶȻǸЦݣе˵
ؾվȻ䱸ŶԷ
ûǻ춴ؾ߶΢Цͷ˵
Ҽˣʼ춴棡߶˵
Ŷ򵥵˵ʼǻʱһͬ顣߶ƺ¾Բ׳ʼ壬һ¡
ʵϣԶԳʼɲûκ˽⡣֪ʼ;צ㶼ʼ顣
ʼ飬ÿһǿƥŻصȻʼҲ١УҲǿ֮֡ʼ棬ڳʼУӦǱȽǿĴڡ
ΪСĳʼ飬ҲżֲʵԶһħħܱȡ
ߵĻԵҲǴ֮С
Сһħ壬ʵҼ˻춴洴顣ţڣѾɹĹ硣ôӦ뵽磬ħǺƵġ۾Իûعּ˵һ䡣


1557 

磬ȷʵħơ֮ǰûüô࣬жһ˵ŻȻ
ħǿ󣬾Դǵ硣
Ϊ磬ħôǿôǿ
ڣԼҲ硣˵Լǿ̶ȣҲħˣ
ߵ˼Լ춴ؾӦûһܴĻԵħȺ춴ؾ˻춴洴ģ
һ룬ίʵ˾̾
ʵڻ֮УŸָĻԵ
˵õ챦˵õһЩǿطȵȡ
ǰ˵õǬҲĳһλǿĴġ벻ܹ֮ǬǬصƺ׵ʷӦöֹ
Сһܽ춴ؾĴԵ
磬ԺɾԶͬЩˡ߻һеĹȡ
Ҳˣ֮ǰҾʯ̨֮ϣһֱšԿ˿ߣֿ˿ߵɫʯ̨
ڣԻЩ£
ûȷʵˣûǲܹ磬ôĻҲôһЩ춴ؾĸ顣ǣܻģȷʵԺԲơţ춴ؾ࣬ǵһġߵĮ˵
ɫʱ˺ڡ
㲻ֱ顣
ҽ춴ؾҲǸħС˵Ӧøлңûһ硣˵
ü
òϣ˵ģе
ʱǸħɱۿžҪɱǽ춴ؾԼĵסħڶˡ
лǰԹ˹֡
߰ڰ֡
СһûнȻѾ磬ڣ绹ܴԶħħȡסֻǧʱ䡣㲻ǧ֮Ҿͻֱӽӻ춴ؾӳȥƽ˵
˵ͬʱֱһӡһתʯھԵǰ
ʯϣһּɣϢͷų
ԵĿ⣬ʯһ㱻Խ̿ʯӴ
һӵϢ뾰Եںϡ

Ժ֪ܿһʲôĹصľһݻǧĹ
̫˼ˣ
˿Ѿ֮У΢ɲĵ˵ͷ˳˷䡣
ªڣֻʣ¾ԣվʯ֮ǰ
һ꣡
ꡭ
һǧꡭ
վʯ֮ǰľԣ·˶Ѿʯⲿһ˿һı仯ڣԵ꣬ȴڲϵݻ
һδεݱ䣬һδεʧܣԲϴʧ֮мȡ顣ͺһ麣࣬ݱĸ
ǧʱ䣬
ߣٴν뵽֮ڡ˿Ȼеľԣҡҡͷֱһӣʯʧڷ֮ڡ
Щʧžԡ
ʯ󣬾ҲѸٻع

Сһ࣬ȷʵǲʺġʯ̨ϣ㹹磬ҶЩ⡣Ļ棬һ֮УܹģʵָܹģӦΨһģһΪ࣬Ҳǣ㻹ʧˡҡͷ˵š
Կȷʵʧ
ʯ̨Ϲ磬ʱ򣬶ǶԾԲڴվʧˣûгɹ
ˣСӣҸȥˡ
֮һҲûа׽㹹硣ɱͬǿ̫̫ˡ˵ţҪԶ춴ؾ
ǰŶߡ

ʱ򣬾Եϣһɵ֮
ھԵıһӰ֡
⡭΢΢һ㶣ĿУһ¶Ȼɫ
Ӱ磡
ôᡭȻˣʶľһ
Ӱ磬ɵı־Ӱ磬ҲһصⲿЧ
ţȷʵҲ֪ݱʧ˶ٴΣڳɹԵ˵ͷԶĹһ
ֻǸոɣҪӰӳҪʱ䡣ȻҲҪܶܶԴԼ˵
ħĵԴͺܾˣԶҪ󡣾ɵͬҪԴܽӳ


1558 ؾ
žԡ
춴ؾĸԱܹĶģ͸Ƿëˡ࣬Ǵδйġ
̫ˡ
ǻ춴洴һǿ󹦷춴棬Ϊϣ
˵ȷʵԣȴпƶġ
ƾ輫ȴܴﵽ۷ĲΡò˵Ҳһ漣
ԣȴҲһƽ⡣ſֲԣǿǳ޵ˣ
춴洴ħ壬ʵҲǲοһ춴棬ȻҲ봴ӵкܸԵ壬εĳԣȻʧˡħ磬ˣԾͺܿ
ڣ࣬磬ߣȻ˼𶯣Щ˼顣
СһԺöǿ
ǿټԡ
Сһ⡣
Ϊ޷ġ֮㳢ԣǰջ춴ؾĹ°ˡ˵ʵʯ̨Ϲ磬Ҷûľ
ҵľϲ̫ˣ
һЩԴܰӰܡЩԴҲ㽫ӰһֻܿԼѰҸԴˡ
ߣٴλ֡
ֱۻӶһѹתԴھǰЩԴǼֵǵĺ
лǰԳϿҵĵл˵
ˣҾͲӰˡѾôͿԼʱڻ춴ؾ뿪ʱ򣬾͸ңһȥ߶Ծ˵
뿪䣬Ҳٴοʼ
ѾɣھԵڣһЩ磬ܹṩǳֲЩ绹СҪʹôԴܡ
߸ԵԴþԽӰһ
Ḷ́ϲѶȡֻҪԴû⡣ȻҲͬҪܶʱɡ
ǧȥԵӰ˵һһ磬ÿһܸṩӴЩķͬǳˡֻһܹԴķ塣ǧ繲ͬã˵ڵǿȣӦȫħħˡ
Ҳ˵ȫƾħײ
Ӱһ󣬾Բδ뿪춴ؾʹԼϵԴӰ
תۣǴԼǧʱȥܹʹõԴҲһˡӰﵽڶȻԶҪҪ뿪춴ؾȥѰҸԴС
ӶٻԴǲˡ
ǰ
߳䡣
֣ԼһԺ֮ڡһͨԺ䣬Ժһǣڷһʯߣʯϡ
Լǧʱ֮أһ俴Ѱéݰˡ
ԵվЦеžԡ
ôҪȥˣߵ
ţԴˣҪ뿪ȥѰԴˡԵͷ˵
Ǻãȥһ뿪һɾͲˡҲ˵ǿһΣҲҵ춴ؾڡ˵
˵ˣȻҪߣ߰ɣй̧𣬶һ㡣
һɫƳ֣ԱǰһΡ

ΧԵ
һ޴ӰٵڻдС
ӰħħߴƬռ䣬ҲǵߴҪɱԵλá
ӵһս񣬲ǹȥ˰ǧʱˡڻ춴ؾڣ˳ǧꡣ
ʱȥ壬Ѿ϶ˡ
ʵϣӰǧ֮ǰǴħħߴħְ֮ɱԺ󲻾ãǿ󣬱ǾħҪһ˵ϣһͬ棬ħʩѹħ壬ǰɱ˾ԡ
Ҳûֱӵ֤֤ڿߴС
ټϣȷʵҲûħȫ濪ս׼գħ΢ͷ⳥һЩʧҲȥˡ
ħߴһֱûн³׷¡ߴԼûɱԡʱǻռͻȻһѷ죬ŷĺ⽫Դߵġߴһֱ޷ȷˣÿһʱ䣬Ƭռ俴


1559 սħ
ӰǧǰǴοߴɱ֮ĴƬռ䡣
ÿʱ龰ߴͻƬռ俴Ҳ̫ʱ䡣һָоǸоԵಢδ
ȻߴҲûΪԼʱٴǡԡ㾰ĲδԵĻҲܵ͡
ˣ
Ҫûǧʱ䶼¶أǱߣҲûκι⾰ԻŵѶϢߴ޴ͣڿռ֮ڣתĿܿռ䡣
ħڲҲһЩ̽ӡྰûǺȫħڲ̽ӵĶĿǣǧûص཮򣬲ҲӴ
ˣȻҲ֪ʱһѷ쾿βбʹΣաʱֻͨķУΣաѷ촿һȻڵĻߴҡҡͷ
׼뿪ħħˡ

ʱ򣬿ռȴ΢΢һһϯ
ţߴһ
Ӵĺɫٿ֡
ıԵ˵ͻǿ߳ûԣߴʶΪǿڸ
ܿռ䡣
һɫӰͻأĳǰ
ߴ֪Ӱôģ·ƾճֵһ㡣ϢжϣӦһࡣ
㣡Ըձͳ춴ؾûü۲ܻͿ˲ԶߴӴ
ħȻǰǧǰʹħְ֮ɱԼǸħԣϳ˿ߴ
ྰԣߴҲϳ˾ԡ
ȻûߴصУһ˿棬ЩԤϵֿܡ
ҵȻûĽϼֳ
ྰԣȷʵһΣҿ㻹ôܣߴζž޴ͷ­žԣͳ˵
ǧǰûɱԣһΣһҪɱԡ
ߴħħңħ֮УǱȽǿġݣɱһʣȻûɹȻǺܶ顣ǴȥһᱻħȡЦ
һΣһҪɱࡣߴԼ㲻Ȼϴûɱԣ˾ԡ
ܣ
ҪɱңûôףһΣӦûħְ֮ɣռ䣬Ӧ޷ˡģҲܡҵҪħħǿߵжǿսڶ
ڻ춴ؾӰ󣬾ȻԼǿһЩŵ˽⣬Ͼûоʵս֤һħÿ֤Լڵ
նǰ˵Լڵȫħħȡôʹʹɱһ
ྰԣסˣɱˣħߴߴһŭȣһ̤ͬʱкɫ
ħսʽܼ򵥣Ǵһ򷨣
꣡ɫӰռ䣬Եͷ
΢Увϼ𣬽֮ŴӰֵȥ
ף
Ȼʹֵ
ѵ֪ɣԷֿˣߴԵĶ󣬿ֹ˵
ֺཻܶΣԺսʽǿǿͷϡֶֹΣѧȵҲͷΪġ
ڣûиоϤͷ򲨶ԣȻûļ
ûǿġߴȷţԼһܽԳ׻촷ۡ
ɣྰԣɣߴ
䣡
ϼŴĽ⣬ߴɫײ
һ죬֮һƬռ䣬ںݺݵһκȫ顣
ߴȷʵޱȵǿ󣬿ǣԵͬǾˡ
ȫƾߴһӲӲ֮󣬾Ե³һЩǿߴֵĺɫǱϼĽֱӵߴ⧲֮кɫЩַ˳ȥ
ôܣ
ôܣ֮ǿ࣬ûʹҲû÷ǴԼȻȣˣǿȣܳǿߴ۾ԲŵĿžԡ
һʱ䣬ԼЩã벻ͨô¡
ȷǰ࣬ǰǧǰԼͰɱľԣôضΪԼֵԼ൱ħ
ߴ۾΢΢з
ߴӲӲ֮󣬾ԵĶʱȷֻǿԼҲߴɱڳӴ֮£Լ磬Ȼȹ̡


1560 ɱ
жϣԵǿȣ΢ԽħߴԵǴﵽһѡܼȥڶԲ
ߴ
ǧǰʹħ֮ҪɱңʱҲ֣ܶ񣬷ˮת벻ôһɣȵ
ϼ˲Ϣնɱ
ӰѸݵȵעڽͣһϼħߴλúɱȥ
ɶ񣡡ߴȫ벻ͨôġ
ףΪһ࣬ǿҲԼȡ
ǰǿ࣬Ҳͺħͨħ൱
ʱûʱϸˡǲɫ̺еͷƤ顣ȷ⽣ڲ̺ߵͷ֮Ǵ
ߴæӶкɫֵ
䣡
ֹײߴٵˡ
Եȷʵڿߴ֮ϡ˫ĲҲ̫ĿǰҪȫƾɱߴѶȻȽϴ󡣾պɱֻҲҪʱ߽ߴ硣

ྰԣҲ֪αǿģɱңҲôסұ㲻ɱȥһߴصȵ
ˡ
չֳЩˡ
Ҫ֪ߴħħ֮УʵǺǿġ
еν𣬶޷һ˵նɱħߴνԾʮ֮Уʵǰġν𣬾˵壬ԾǿߣԵԿߴûһ˵ԼаѾջɱߴ
Ȼߴɱܣǻмһ֮ɵħǣߴֲɵһħ֪ԼжԷʱ϶ѡܡ
ߴ߲ġԿߴתٷӴܣһʩչռ޾׷ȥ
̺󣬲ϼٴնɱ
ѶʱɱߴҪʹһЩֶΡսپɣת
֮뵶
ѧ֮ڵĻ֮ǣɱ֪ǰǿ١
䣡ħߴӴڻоҵķ
ߴ磬ݺݵ𶯡ߴоԼ羹ǳѷ졣
ɶ񣡡
ྰԣɱңɱҵģߴ
𣿡Цһ
֮֡
ߴȻ߾ȫӴܣռ޺ռӰ£޷ѾԵ׷
彣󣬿ߴ翪ʼ߽⡣飬ߴҲ֮ٵɢ
ħߴ
ħħʵǰеǿħߴ˾ԵС
ߴ׵ľ޴بڻ֮Уȫޡ
ߴʬԱߣħ֮ĺǺɫ
ħ֮ģ˵ǿˡȻС⿪ӡҲиİ
ǺɫȻֲܴڡɫʹõĲϣȴǷǳϡϣһۣԵȻװ׵ķŹ
Ȼδ̤𾳽磬ϻ֮ȵȹֶΣħߴնɱҵʵȺ֮УӦ˰ɣ
ţڻԾУӦûκˣˡ
۾΢΢𣬿ŻɵĻ硣
ǧû¶棬ǿ϶Ϊˡ
ȥɣ
ռʩչǽ򣬶ڳǱȥ
һ˵ǺܴһΧǶռ޸·ľ˵ϵڳǱʮʱ䶼á
ɫӰܿڳǱϿա
ʯ̫Ӧûڣȼ
ڳǱϿ΢һ£ֱӽȥ
ʲôˣ
ֹ
ԽӴڳǱ󷨵ʱ򣬳Ǳڵߣŷ־ԵĴڡղžڳǱϿգǱڵߣûһǰ־ԡ
ңԣһ߻ӦǱڵߣһڳǱ֮ڡ
ǧǰԾͽڳǱԣǱػ󷨲谭ԣҲɽ

ʴˣ
㡭㡭
ں̵ܶʱڣһЩʵǿ߻۹ǿڳǱǾԺһһ˫۾š
Щ˿ˡǧǰħһħԶ֣ħְ֮ɱԡ֮󣬾ʾҲû


1561 ߴˣ
һȺߣĿɿڴžԡ
Ҳ΢Цˡ
ôĪǶʶˣЦ˵
Դˣûһ߾ϲӣ
ⲻǷϻˣܳ̯̯֣˵
ԴûԴ˻ţ
ʣһοǧʱû¶氡ǡǻΪء˶üɫ衣
ʯ̫Դ˻ˣ
ڳǱĸˣʯ̫Ҳ˶һڿٷɳʯ̫ԺǱҲǷǳľʡ
ʯ̫Զʯ̫˹֡
Եѣ㡭ˣʯ̫΢΢һ¡
ʯ̫ҲΪˡǣ϶Աħߴɱˣ˵Ѱߡңаǧʱû¶Եûˣ֮û¶棿
ھԹ֮ǰһв²ȻҲͲˡ
ţˣ
ǧұħߴʹħֿ֮ռ䴫͵֮⣬ڿߴСãջˡԵͷ˵
̫ˣ̫ˣǣ֪Եѻţһ˵ġԵ㲻֪ħ尵ɱ˶ǳŭרλӦħ塣üλͬʱħʩѹħˡʯ̫˽һҪһЩ
ʯ̫ǵ˵˵
Ժʯ̫ˣһ䡣ʯ̫귢飬뾰Խһ顣Ǵȫֿǣ嵱ܷܿħĴģս
ҵǸ鷳ˡЩꡣ
ˣڵϵһ糾𡣡˵ţȡ糾𵱳Լ
ԵѣӦϵ糾ġ֪糾Ѿǰˡʯ̫˵
ȷʵڼңԶ֮ͨǣȻ཮̫ңԶˡʹҲ޷ϵ
ʯ̫ĻԻĵĳһ¡ʯ̫ԡ
ҲھŽǼ糾ʱ糾Լǣ˵ᾡԼŪһؾԼܽؾпһ𾳽硣
ʯ̫ǻؾҪ𣿡תĿʵ
Ϣ˽ҲࡣؾӦҪˡȻҲһЩɫǰˡһǰǵ࣬λ˴ӣоһ糾ˡʯ̫ͷ˵
ţ糾ؾ΢΢һ¼˵Ҳֻ糾ϵʯ̫鷳㽫һŵϢȥ
򵥡ڳǱϵشκʱһעڳǱļǧһֱػʹѶֻҪõϢôܿҲܵõϢˡʯ̫˵
ţǾߣʱħӦûȽϰ֣ҲûҪҴ㣬̶ǰһˣ͸ˡվٴζʯ̫֡
ԵѣҪȥǣʯ̫΢΢һ㶣Ȼ˵ҲǣԾԵѵ츳ܽؾǺϣֱӿ𾳽硣
ЦЦǣ
Եѣڣʯ̫
Ϊȷؾȷʱ䣬ԾҲֻܾʱ䡣ڳǱ뿪֮󣬱ٶȣŻǵλøȥ
ǵĴڣһ߿֪ܲ顣߲Уǲʲô˲õܡһЩͨܶ˵ǡ
ԣ糾ؾҲר˽ԣ֪λõġ
ʱ򣬼Ӱ֮ڡ
νȵӰͶС
ǵı飬һԵЩŹ֡
ΪǸոյõһŵϢ˵ħħߴˡ
ʵƫħ˵һҪ飬Ҫ˵ǿߴǿħˡͺνħĸ߲㣬϶Ҳ̾ۼۡ
ħڲҲ̽ӵġħ߲㣬ոյõħߴϢҲ֮õ˶ݵϢ
ߴ𣿡һЩ˵᲻ħųǣܿʲôıǸСˡ
ţûǣʱǻؾʱ䣬λǰ˿ǡħ壬Ŀܳʱ䣬һЩνĿ


1562 
ԾܹҲʮλӡ
ΪؾԵʣλǰǣȻ͵ʱ½
ν˻ħߴϢħͷųԻҲеġ
˵ߴʵǿħȥ
Ծ֮УڵԵɱնɱߴĿǰ˭˵ԼҲ˵ҪնɱߴҪֲп
ھҶȷһ㣬ǾǲûжԿߴȡնɱж
ߴʱ䶼ϳħǾɱħҲǼûа취ġ
ȻǶûж֣ߴ
ȷʵֿܣ
νϢ̽ӣҳ϶ǲҪɵġȷ˿ߴѶ̽ӦòôƶŶԡ
УΪȷ£ѾŶ̽Ӳ֤ϢӦúܿлѶˡ𿪿˵
ǧҪħĶ̬£Ҳλ滻
ţǾĵȴһ¡ν˵ͷ
ʱӦ˴Ѷжֽȡ
ӦкϢˡ˵
ӴѶϣһŹâ뵳Źâ֮УһӰ𽥱
ôʯ̫΢üѵħ춯ɣ
Ҳؿʯ̫Ӱ
ʯ̫ô£ħʲô쳣𣿡ֱʵ
λˣʯ̫Ӱλ
ħ壬ʱû쳣һ£Ҫλʯ̫˵
ʲô飿νʵ
ûڸղţصڳǱʯ̫һ˵
ʲô
û
ô᣿ǧǰǿߴ֣ħֽ֮ԴڳǱץߵġҵߴʱ򣬾ѾûκټˣνԾ˵
λʯ̫ĻҲǳԾȫ˼ʯ̫Ӱ
ȷʵû˵ãӹһ٣ħߴûɱʯ̫˵
Դʱ˵
Ѿ뿪ڳǱǰˡʯ̵̫
ڵļλӰ໥һۡûϢǵĳɲȸոħߴϢͶ١Ȼ𣬿ɾǱ޴һ̤𾳽磬ǱضܹΪ֧
˵ԵܱһͨδӰ컹Ҫöࡣ
ҲΪˣħŻ᲻ϧħ֮ɱԡ
Сȷʵд˵ˣˡ˵ˣô׾һλЦһ˵
Ҳͷ
νʦ֣˵ߴ᲻뾰СйأͻȻ뵽һֿܡ
ߴѶûϢҲ͸Ŵ£ͬʱġѵֻǴɺϲɣ
Ҫ֪ǧǰħߴְɱԵġ
ܰɣСʵȻûʲôط˰ǧ꣬Ҳ̫ܳΪɣͲ̫ǿߴĶ֡οĳһ½Ҳɱߴɣһҡͷ޷˵
ʯ̫ԻŵϢ⼸Ӱ֮ʧʲ˵ôѶѶϢҲǺܴġԣޱҪʯ̫Ҳ᳤ʱάִѶ״̬
⼸Ķɻ󲻽ʱĴѶж
һΣħ̽ӵȷϢ
ħߴȷʵѾˣϢٷְ׼ȷ
λ
ħߴȷʵˡģ˵ⶼһ¡ţټϾСѻŵϢ˫ϲˣνתĿ𣬿˵дϲ⡣
ûߴħĴܴħԪˣʱǺѻָˡɫͷ˵
ǻҪߴɱߴˣп϶֮ܿܣĳĶǿԳ֡ǾӦþҵˣ˵ܺν˵
νʦ˵е
ţһеĴѶһâת
һΣâϢȴڳ߸ȫӰһһס
ħߴྰɱϢȷϣһϢݺ̡ܼ
ǡˣÿ˵޷Ƶķ


1563 
ղţħߴ᲻뾰йءʵ뷨̫ˣ˵ܡ
˾ϢٴδħħţҲ˴롣ʧǧ꣬ͻȻھͬʱħߴⱾͺɺϡħϢ˲ܲš
λ˵ĪǾѾ̤𾳽ˣһתĿ˵
Ҳֻһֿˡǰã¾ԳΪһҲɱߴɣṳ̂𾳽磬ǸӲɱߴ
ԴʱѾǰǣѯҲûа취ˣֻܵӿǻ
ǰ̤𾳽磬ǰʲôؾ޷еġ
⼸𣬶ȷ
ϹҲãȾԴӿǻҲ֪ˡڣȽϢħߴ˵һĵϢνתĿ˵
𣬶ͬ

棬ǷǳӴġ
཮ߣǰǣ·;ǳңԶ
ڶϵģλҲ֮ءԣ㾰Բʹռ޸·Ҳķ˽ӽʮʱ䣬ŵִ￪ǵΧ
뿪ѾԶӦÿͨѶ糾ϵˡڻʱֹͣ糾µȡ
û˴·ǺҵǾλõģǰδǣֻ֪һλá
ڣһڡ
糾ϥͻȻü΢΢
ڿǣﴫѶң糾Щɻ
ڿǣ཮Ǳߣ϶޷ѶġλؾλһЩǣʱסͬһڡԣȻûбҪʹﴫѶ
Ȼɻ󣬲糾ǽѶȡ
ԣ
ôǾԣԡû糾𿴵ԵӰ֣ʱһ
ԣѾִ￪ǣãһᣬͳȥ㡣糾̶ԾԴѶ˵
ԭأԼ˰ʱңͿ糾
糾ǰӭǰּ
ɫ⣬Ҳͣ˾ǰԶ
ԣ㡣ԣ糾ϴŷĵЦݣеϲãƲס
ǶΪħߴС糾˵
ҲãԽӹһ١ʱĲڿߴС΢΢ҡͷ˵
žͺãžͺã
ԣúܼʱؾδҲˣҲ⼸顣ߣȽ뿪ǡ糾Ծ˵
糾𣬾Ƿжȥ
յʱ
ԣǽ뿪ǵĽڵ㡣糾ָһɫУԾԽܵ
šӦһ
˽УӾ衣ںʱӾָǰľҲ֮䡣
Ҫ뿪ǣͱͨǸڵ㡣֪ڵľλãֻѶȷʵܴ糾ԣԼѰңǾҸǧ궼δҵڵ㡣
ԣǵˣǿǡ糾תĿ˵
糾˵ҲѾԶһӴĳУһǷĳСĿռ䣬о˵ĵת
ڣڶǿߴڡڻؾڼǵǿ߾͸ˡԣڳڣǴҪСĽһЩ飬ܵġ糾һ߷Уһ߶ԾԶ
סԵͷ
վס
˸ոսУӰʹס˵ȥ·
ԶԷ
ǰ⼸ӰòϿû̫𡣲ϵϢȻϢһ۾жϳЩ鲻ࡣ
Щ飬϶ͳһɫΣһðȻ糾;ԡ
ԣǿյĻӡ糾Խһ¡
λ糾Աԡ糾ǼԼ;ԡ
糾ǵȻϵ㡣֮ǰ뿪ǵĳԱУûдˡԷΪ׵鿴˿糾ֿ˵ָľǾԡ
֮ǰЩ鵢ˣûһǸողŸǵġ糾˵
糾Ҳò֣صľ㣡һΣҸһӣԷŴ˽뿪ǡһΣɾͲˡ廹᳤ͨϵԷΪӲ


1564 
⼸Ụ飬ʵӦҲǺǿΪ׵ҲԶȲߡ
Ǵʱ糾ǰ˵ȻԼĻоӸµ̬
Ҳþипں嫵Ļ֮УȻһ壬ɲ嵱µ飬Ȼڡ
⼸Ϊ˰ǱĿ
лл糾ȴǿڵл¶мɫ
߰ɣΪ׵ڰ֡
ԣߣ糾ԾԵ
ڿǵĽֵϣԿ顣飬ԲϳǾһ壬糾һһܣҲܿʹ˸
ڤ壬ڤϿΪӽǵ䡣߾Ըо}˵ĺ⡣
Ǵ壬鼡ͺһʯɣҲǷǳص壬ǿԺʹںΪһ塣սʱе桢ʯĵطǱſֲԣѱɱ
壬ɫɫӦоСЩȻȺСҲС
ԣˣʱ䣬ʱס糾ָǰһСĽԾ˵
ⴱѾڿǱȽƫƧĵط棬ҲԵΪưܡ
⽨ʶü
Ҳûа취ǵܸǰŵסѾ㲻ˡЩС壬干ͬסһڵġȻˣħ֮սǰڿǵĵλҪһЩڡǺǡ糾ƺЩԳЦЦ
ȥɣ糾𣬴žԽⴱͰĽ
ԣڴڵһᣬ֪ͨˡ糾˵ţ֮̿ڵࡣ
֮
糾ʲô£һɤŴ֮һӰ֡
ĪǻؾҪˣһŴ
һ࣬½֮С
ⲻǾ𣿡˿糾ߵľԣҲ˳
ԣû
˵ڰǧǰħħħɱ˾ԣѾôţ
СѣӲߴħԳ֣ûɱ㣡žԡ
ԣһϤ
תĿȥ˵ˣʦտʡտʣҲ˿ǡ
ʦ𣡡ԿտʣҲ΢΢Щ
տʣߵߣϢЩ֮ǰտҲΪѾˣû뵽ԾȻš
ԣҸһ£糾Ծ˵λλǴ𣡡
δӵֱ糾ʹ𡣴𣬿һͷԵĿȽº͡
Ŀ⣬ЩˡԸоƺԼĵǺܻӭӡ
ǰǰλ˹֡
ȻڵʵѾڳļλ𡣲ԻǺò̬
糾ֽڳİ˸ʽܸʶ˸УտʾϤ⣬ȫʶͨ糾Ľܣ֪˸УԾŴ硣ʦտԵ磬һ裶Եһ硣
ȥ֮⣬ʣ཮֮һЩ硣
ЩʣҲ뾰ԴкȽϿ
ϾȻʱ䲻һߣѾܴھŽǵʱ򣬾԰糾նɱħħһ綼Ĵ¼
糾㽫ǶгΪ˼Ե𣿡ü糾ֱӾʵ
ͺ˵ֻΪ˼ԣʵǲֵýǶгӡ
žԾ͸оԼ糾˵ԾȷλĲǺܻӭԼ
ǣΪ̬أԼǵһμǰ֮Ҳûκνûе𡣰˵ӦöԼκβŶԡ
ʦ֣ʦ֣
ǧǰЩ𣬾λؾҪһ֮ǰΪԱħ尵ɱҲû飬ھԻǲٽȷһ£糾λ˵
ǺǣСѵ츳ˡƾʾΪ붥ħӲӲȷʵֵһĻؾ۾΢У΢Ц˵ͷ˵


1565 
ǧǰؾʱλڳ𣬶ͬ辰һ̶
Ȼеڳһͬ⣬вô룬Ҳٷԡ
𣬰ǧǰͺָ֧ԽؾĽǶ˵ܽؾΪȷʵȺи洦Ȼ˵ÿһؾ鶼ܿһΣ˭Ҳұ֤˵ԽؾһܳΪ𡣿ʣҲͬĵû˸˵ԼؾһܳΪ
ӾԱֳ츳ԣֱӿ𾳽ļʿ϶ҪʴһЩ
Ȼ糾ʹ𣬶ھԵõһؾ£ûκηԵ˼
ʦ֣һλؾܵõڻ˵ûж֮ǰǰһ߿̫ܲƽɣ𿪿ˡ
ʦ֣ڰǧǰ۹糾΢΢ü
ǧǰ۹ؾҲ֪¡ʱҲڳ˵ʧǧʱ䣬ͻȻֳ֣Ѿǵİš糾
ԾЩˡ
ԼȷʵûжԹ֮ԶԼֳӭ̬ȣӦþǳڻؾϡ𣬿ܲ뽫һԼ
׺󣬾΢΢һЩ
ڻؾԿ϶ȥġһ̤𾳽ĻᣬңؾһſһΡһΣҪһʱ䡣
ܹؾ̤ĲΣʵɻøǿǿ磬֮ޣ벻ǿѡʱ򣬾һħ׾ܽɱ
ԣؾĻᣬҲȡ
˵ģҲеڣܹü֪ȷؾѡȷʵԵüˡ
΢΢Ц˵
ԵĻһһ˿ɨԡ
Զĳƺˡʼʱ򣬾ԻƺΪǰڣȴֱӳΪ
УʱһЩŭ⡣ʱҲֱӶԾԱողԻýؾжԹƺҲܹ־ԡǴʱֳŭ⣬Ե̫ˡ
ûȷʵݺݵĵ˾һԼĲ
Ȼˣ͵ȷܹõɡ糾ü˵
뿪˴
Ժ糾ˣһᣬҲɢȥ
һ֮УԺʦտ˵
ǧǰħħߴʹħ֣֮ҴͳڳǱҪɱҡʱȷʵǳΣաһǽ˿ߴİɱҽһʼµؾԶտʽǧǰ顣
ǸؾڣҵõһֹڣϵȻ෴գڣҵڣħ硣磬ҵԶԶࡣԻ˵
տţҲп
ҳؾ󣬱ٴħߴߴǧǰûɱңһֱڻġҲ²⣬ӦǾҽؾĵط鿴뿪ؾʱٴǰǸط۾
ħߴ
⡭Ǿôѵģտ˿ŵʵ
һΣҾͲҪˡʵѾߴɱɱԵȻ˵
ʦտʣԲû
ʵϣ˵ҲûıҪֻǣԲҫǼ˾˵Լɱ˿ߴҲԵЩʡ
ʲô
ɱħߴտĿŵžԡ
ߴħ֮жǺǿġԣȻɱߴ
ţߴѾˡħ壬һʵǿħԵ˵ͷ
տʿžԵĿ⣬Щ
ʦһ糾ǣҲؾİɣտʧʱ򣬾תʵ
տʿЦЦ˵ؾ˭أһһĻᡣܺ٣ǵÿһʶнؾġԣ֪ܲһõĹ̶ؾֻ


1566 
ÿһλؾһֻʮؾ
һǰǴؾǵõ̶Ҳʽ˻ؾ
һΣʣ㲻ϾҲа˸ϾԣǾŸˡһΣ廹ϴһõ̶֮Ҳһǵòؾġ
տʣɫҲԵЩȻ
̤ʲѾܾúܾˣҲٳ硣ǣȴһֱ޷̤𾳽硣صǣ̤κͷҲκΰ취ȥٹꡢʮ궼޷Ϊ
տʣȻҲؾ
ǿǵ䣿ʵ
ûؾÿοǿ߾ͻǰǣὫ塣֮УһоϺ鳤ɡʮؾ鳤ͳϾη䡣
ħ֮սǰÿһΣܵõ֮սͱˣһλؾ̶ֻտ̾Ϣһ˵
鳤ͳϣʲôͷתĿʡ
鳤ͳϣһЩʸϵǿߡд󲿷֣ǳԴ塣УҲһλ᳤ϡտʻش˵
ʦһᾡȡһؾġһ
ԵĻտʿԵЩмҡҡͷ
Լû㶨ΰտŪһ
ûǾԽؾӦû⡣ǲþԽһؾԡ
ԣ㻹֪ΪҪԸһɣտ˼ֶԾʵ
ţȷʵΪҪҡԵͷ
ǵ㣬ӦΪԼĵŪһĵǮ׼ʣһġտһ˵
ԭҸղŻ룬ǰҴδйΪҪҡԭΪԼĵŪؾҵĳ֣ӽؾļʽˣűֵò̫ӭҵԻȻ
ھԺտ̸ʱĵǮ׼ʣҲһ佻š
Ǯ׼̸۵ģȻǾԡ
ԵͻȻ֣ȷʵļƻԭǾΪԼǮ׼ŪһջǺܴġͻȻֵľԻһǰ׼Ѷȿɾ˺ܶࡣ
Ǯ׼Ҳ̫ģһᾡȡһһΣ廹ܵõ̶ǼǾһʣһҲǲܡ˵˹̶֮⣬㹻ãٳ鵽һĻὫ󡣡ԵǮ׼˵
лʦ𣡡Ǯ׼ʹվǰ
ʮʱ֮
һɫδӽסⴱ֮ڡ
ڣӽ󣬴
к糾ˣ֮С
ʹߣ糾Ĺ˹֡
ʹҲ糾𼸺ͬʱڴڵġˣʹߣͬܿ
ʵϣʹߣʵҲ൱ͨʵĲΡ
ɾͶһ飬糾λʵǿ𣬶ֵÿͿġ
ʹߣһ㶼ûгϻ̳Ͽ֣෴ֱͦԴЩ
Ҵ֪ͨǣ峿ǿ㳡ϡʹ˵
ãһ׼ʱǰ㳡Ц˵
ţʹһת˳ȥ
ڡҪʼˣһ
ˣҲмʮʱˣһֱڵڣڵȵˡ
Ҳ֪ܹõ̶ϣܱһζһЩ糾˵
ϴζһЩǺǣһγƽͲˡ֮ǰФǳϴϢФǳȻû˵ʾ˼ӦòֹۡЦһ˵
˵Фǳϣλ֮һ壬һ
ǰ̶ϣҲˡһûܳȡһ˵ܳ鵽һ˵ͷ˵
ǾŸ㵽һкԵȾŸʵ
ԵȾʣҲ䣬֮С
ţʹѾǣսڿ㳡ؾԾԵ˵


1567 
ҲؾϾͽҲʱ顣
Ļڳʣ϶ٶ¶һЩ˷֮ɫȻ֮д޷λؾУڽؾѡδ˵ÿ˶лᡣ
ܽؾ̤𾳽磬ǴӴԺǵݿɾͲһˡ𹹽ĵǳȶ塣ŵĲţӵܲϴиʵҲ֮ǿ
Ƕ׼һ£峿ͬһǰ㳡һࡣ
ǣʶӦ
ʵϣҲûʲô׼ġ׼ģ֮ǰҲ׼ˡҪģǵһʱ䡣Ҳţϣһܹõؾ
һʱ䣬ת˲
ꡢ糾λ𣬴žԵȾʣ뿪סǰλڳĵĿ㳡
ȴؾĴ壬һ壬й̶Ȩ֮⣬ϰٸСȺЩСȺûй̶ģֻܳȡܲܵõؾҪԼˡ
һʮ̶ռʮռʣµĶʮҲ˵ڵ壬ͬϷʮ̶ˣ壬ҲСһȡǶʮ
Ȼܹǳ壬ֻ⼸һЩ壬ǲؾΪؾǵûаħ壬ħʵһ㶼࣬ǸòؾҲͲǴ֡
ؾ壬ֱ塢塢ڤ塢塢;塣Уǿ̶ңңȺ
˵ûκһȺܹսĵλң֮УҲдڵġ壬ĵ֮УҲкܶࡣֻǣЩ̵壬ԻСһЩǵѪȽӣûнߵĻᡣЩڵޣҲȫں
֮Уʵġħ֮սǰʵռελ֮սǿ˹룬ǿǽӽ֮ʵ½ࡣ
ֻеס
Ϊʵ½̫࣬ؾĹ̶õҲԽԽ١
⼸Ǿ壬ǰֺʵ½֮ǰǿ߼ǿߣǶƨġ
ڣѾȫһˡ
Ե˸ոս뿪㳡ʹ߹˴һƬר
רҲȨ뵥ľסһЩС壬ûʸġϰٸС壬һƬϴǼһ
ר壬ˡ壬ǵģһʮˣռݵרȻǺܴ󣬿ֻʮˣռϾԵô´ˡ
Եˣ

ѡѻ糾ѣþò
ʱһòªİСר򣬴Цһλк
飬Ǿǿߡ
飬òªߴģҲһ΢һЩ
ȥУ飬Եú
֮սǰǿ߼ǿ϶кƨ壬ҲóƤ塣καǿ壬Ƕ߾ܵá
ʱǿߣҲλкˣǰǿʢʱȫͬ
ͼѣ£ɫ΢΢Щڣžǿ˵
ǿߣֽͼΪ൱ĲΡ
ûʲô飬ûλѣԹкˣһλؾ̶԰ɣͼ۾˵
ûһλؾȷʵ̶ûǴĻǾ壬ӦҲ̶ɣͳ˵
ԶԶԣһλؾǾҲ̶һΣǵɾͶһЩˡٺ٣ǰҲ޷ѾõϢһǾĹ̶ĸ
Уһ˵һЩϢһĹ̶ӦûһεĻϼ١λĵѣǿҪ׼ͼǣһĨЦ⡣


1568 ޷
ͼרʵҫġ
ǰʵǵ׵ģһ嶼ġڲһˣǾ廹ƺԴҵˡ
壬ôһȺӲĶ
ͼ˵ģҪ˵㣬Ҫʲô糾˵
糾ɱ𹼸ҵĺġ嵽ܵõһȻ֪ˡͼЦ
ˣһ£Ͳ˵ˡͼת뿪
ìܣЩ˵
ìܣ
һȺĵĻ쵰ǿʢʱǰôҫģ㿴⽹ͼȥڤרˡ糾ŭ˵
Ȼͼר뿪󣬱ֱӵڤר򡣾Կ⽹ͼڤǿߵʱģҲĵЦݡ
ǹ¼ģڤʵҲȾǿ̫ɣü
ߣ˭ʵСأʵС˼ҿǣҲһ˵˵壬һЩеȵȺҲû̫ˡ
ǰҼǵô֮ǰÿλؾ⿪㳡ϣ嵽ʱ򣬲Сǿ߶кأǺǣǵ˰죬ǽͼһ⣬һȺĶûСԳı˵
᳤ˡ糾һת˵
ҲתĿ
Ŀ⿴жӰ̨֮ϡ
ȳֵӰһоŸʱӰͬʱ֡
ˣ鳤;ϣ㶼ˡ鳤̨λߵλϡϣƫλϡ
ԣλФǳϡ糾ܵ͵Ծ˵
Ҳһɫ۵ߣʵ糾˵Ҳϳ̨ʮһǿߣФǳϵϢ鲻һ
ڴ֮ǰϣλϵġԣʱڿǵĻȨҪڴܶࡣ糾˵
ǳФǳϣһλϡʶ˵
һλϣڴ֮սˡ䣬᳤ϵλÿȱӦ岹ȱǡϵλãȴɴǿ߲ȥˡ糾̾һ˵
ü
ĵλ˾ΰ
ǣӭλѵĵ
ʱһλ鳤վޱĶڳ˵λ鳤ǳ塣
Ⱥ֮Уʵǽġڣϯ鳤ǿߡϯ鳤ǿߵΡ
棬ؾ䣬ڿʼϯ鳤һ֡
λ϶᳤һ˵ź쳤ϣη䷽
ź쳤ϣǳԾǿߡ
壬ƨ塣ԣĳϣҲǻˮֳϣĳϣгͷĻᡣ
ǾĳźվԴϯ鳤Ĺ󣬲ת㳡ϵİǿߡ
ͬʱȡһ˸Źεĺɫ򿪡
λؾʮ̶䣬ġ
壬õ˸̶壬õ߸̶壬õ̶壬õ̶ڤ壬õĸ̶壬õһ̶ź쳤ϵϢݡ
壬һ̶
֣Եǿɫһڡ
һλؾĹ̶ȻҲ뻹һεȻֻпһ̶
Ȼ޷ܵġ
һλؾʮ̶ķ䣬塢塢ڤռݵζһġǾ壬ϴֻռȴռ͵˵˾塣
ô
壬ֻռһ̶̫˰ɣ糾Ŀŭ⡣
̫۸ˡ
ķ䷽ֱû嵱Դ⣬õٵڤ壬ڤҲĸؾ
̫ˣ
ǾĽͼúܡǰ˵Ǳξٻĸ˵õڤ廹ҪһʵڤҪСһЩġ
ڳϰٸСȺҲ۷׷ףĿⲻʱɨר
Ǿĳź죬ϵ䷽֮ĿҲרɨһۡ


1569 һ
źȫ⼸λŭ
˵ʮ̶ķ䣬棬ĳǩÿһȺһγǩᡣǩʮĹ
СȺ궯
ǣûʸ̶ֻܽϣϡҪֻܿеĻᣬԼ֮һӡ
ԵƬ̣
վĿ⿴̨
ȫ˶תĿ̨ϵ鳤ͳϣҲڴϡ
崺лҪ˵𣿡ź΢Цƽ͵ʵ
ʵź֮ǰԤϵܶĽ⡣Ҳģľ岻⣬Ҳܡǽеһ̶Ҳܵᡣ
л˵
֪Ϊһνؾֻõһ̶ʵɫҲ΢΢Ǻ졣
һƢȽº͵
Ȼ봺ʶʱ䲻ҲܸоֵѡΪ棬ȴǾȻվ˳ʿᡣ
Ȼӵ֮УʸҲϵġ֮󣬲糾ģʵҲһЩ
ĽʵȽСֻõһؾҲӦģɡźһֱۻӦ
ʵУȷʵСڻһʡ룬ڤʵӦǱȾǿһЩģΪڤֻĸȴ̶ʵ
һΣڤҲˡ
˵ʱҲڤר
ڤǿԣ໥һۣҲ΢΢ü
˵ʵڤھõҲЩڤõõĸڤ忴ǱȽϺʵġڤȻû˳˼ô˵ĸ̶ҲȽϷڤԤڡ
ֻõһ̶ڤûʲôϵһ̶ûУڤǿҲΪͷ
˵עһ㣬岻õĹ̶٣Լ飬Ҫڤ塣ڤһλǿüŴ˵
Ǹڤǿ߹˹֣˵ֻɻҿûʸõڤġ
ڤǿߣüƤӶһ¡仰˵Ŀȥˡ
壬ƾʲôڤͷϣ
һڤǿû˵תĿ̨
źɫɨ˴һֲۣλ
ϯ鳤ٴվɫĿдһ˿ͷ
崺𣬼ȻԻؾ̶飬һ¡
٣ǱȻģΪʵھΪܵõ̶Ϊ岻֮ǰһݴͣǷһɳеĺڲǾ巢ּʱһڲɳһ̶ȣǶǻ涼ǽѡϯ鳤˵
ڲ
죡Ȼַ˺ڲ

ڲ֣ڳǿߣ¶֮ɫ
ڲһƻǳǿ塣ңֽڲ廹ܵһʡصǣڲܲϵɵԽ࣬õԽ࣬ٶȾͻԽԽ졣
ԣڲȷʵľ޴вĺڲԻȽ״ݻ١һڲɳһ׶ΣǾͺѶԸˡεǿߣ޷ʮǰͷһκڲ¼һΪֺڲȽڲѾ׳壬ķ˾޴Ĵ۲սݻ١
ڲǾ弰ʱ֣Ǿ廹˴̶ͣƺҲͺˡ
ϯ鳤ĻһʱҲ޷ֻýĿ⿴Фǳϡ
ҲÿФǳϡФǳϣȻǳ壬Ҳ̫ƫ̻塣ʵФǳѾܶࡣԭ˼뽫廮Ⱥ֮еġФǳϼԣձסȺĵλϯ鳤˵
⻰ɫ΢΢һס
屻Ⱥ֮УǿɾˡĻ彫һؾ̶òֻϰٸСȺǩ
˵ϯ鳤ȥ
ͬʱֶź˵ź쳤ϣɣ
һ£
ʱһ


1570 Է
ȫĿ⣬ٴοר
ΪδģȻרڡֻһΣ˵ĲǴҶʶĴ
ϯ鳤üͷݺݵšһţɨרֻУǶ˼ɻ
һվס˵ģȻǿߡǣ󷽵Ա
λӣרǰλϡôҲ˵λԱ϶ͬǰǵʲߡ
ССʣȻܱϯ鳤С˵ʣڴϯ鳤Ҳ㲻ʲô
ʱ¶ɻĲǴϯ鳤ˣЩ᳤ϣϰٸСȺǿߣǿߣҲȫ˼Ŀԡ
һʣðҪʲô
ԣʲô
ų̂˵ŭĶԾԺȵ
ҸʲôȻлҪ˵üһۡ
ֳ֣ϣ˵ķݣȥֱӾǶԾԺǳ⡣
£Ե˿ᡣ
֮УҲǳĻƢһԲϣɱ
⿪㳡ᣬʵˣҳӡ
ҪʲôܲˡֲǮ׼ʣӣ˿ûõ˼
㡭ǴڱıԵ
ȰòҪ˵ֻȡ裡Ϣ΢΢һȻȵ
һ㶡
Ҳ벻һʲεߣȻҶô˵
ԣҪ֡ӦҲˣȻһ峤ϣ²޶ȨŭᣬܰȺĵλ糾Ծ˵
ղŴʱǴϯ鳤ɶ˵ǿФǳϵϣǰλġ
糾ǰʵҲ˵ġǣҲ˵ֻһؾĹ̶֮һĻᣬѵõġ糾𣬿Ц˵
糾Ҳ̾һ
һ̶϶СԣΪʦտŪһ
СôĵӡҲʲôϣֵź쿴ֻߣʱ
۾΢УųԾ᳤ź졣󣬾Խר˳ȥ
ôѵֳϣ飬û˵Ȩ𣿡Զź죬ͳʵ
㡭źȫɱۺ췢žԡ
ʲô㣿Ⱝ۵ĹҲ䵣᳤ϣֱӴźĻԷΪ
Сӣźɱž̨ɱԡ
ܣҪ˵ǱһСûôǵŰǿߵ档
㳡ˡ
Եĵӣסˣô᳤ϵûУԲࡣڰ֮УҲġҲЩĳʼ飬Ż᲻ںһ᳤ϡ
ź쳤ϣ΢һ¡
ʱǴϯ鳤ˡֹź죬ʵϣʱҲŪԵ˼ֳֻ֮£ôǿߵ棬ٻҪ˼һӰ졣ҪɱԣҲڵվסŲŷ֡
Сӣǿģκڳ飬Էԡ˵ʲô˵ˡϯ鳤ŬѻЦݣž˵
˵ģǸղŴǰѯġõĻؾֻһȻʡ˵
Ǻǣһ㣬Ѿϯ鳤Цһ
ȵȵȣҰѻ˵ꡣɨ˴ϯ鳤һۣ˶ԷĻ
ϯ鳤һûϢιȥ
⵽ͷࣿ
ڳˣжЩħˣһžԡ
᳤ҲˣڣȻôϯ鳤һȡ⣬жĵӲŸ飿
壬ѵҪƹˤѵͲὫ塣
壬ȫԵġ壬һЩеȺȡλáһЩеȺʵڵ壬Ҳȫʲô
ʱҲȫˡ糾Ҳ͡
군ˣ
һΣǳˡö룬һλؾĵλͱסˡڻؾ֮ǰĵλͻᱻᡣ
ǿǴϯ鳤
Ȼϯ鳤滹еλߵϯ鳤֪ϯ鳤ǲµġ


1571 ̷
ϯ鳤ǳһߡ
Կ񣬰ؾȵȣλ߶Ǵʵġʮ̶η䣬ɴϯ鳤;λŰ죬ֻҪ֤а˸̶ɡ
ʵϣλϯ鳤ҪҲʮ̶Ҫռʮⶼû⡣壬Ҳûʲô˵лᷴԡ
壬ռ߸ռʮҲ޿ɺǡʵǿöࡣУʵȻǿ壬ҲԶȡ
˸ȴ߸£ҪΪ˱Ĳܻܿռݸֻ֮ռ߸Ҳǲҳռݵ
λϯ鳤飬ƽʱǴϯ鳤ĻȨءһ˵ĻܹõЧִСλԸ᳤ϣҲϯ鳤ԡ
ΪˣھԶԴϯ鳤̬ȣڳĺܶΪһ彫ϯ鳤ˣֻԺ岻кӹˡ㹻ǿ󻹺ãڵʵԶǰ
ȻһФ᳤ϣɴολФǳϣҲԵ֮УȨӦԽԽ͡
ʱԷ·ȫûо㳡յı仯
΢һ¼˵ţϯ鳤˵巢һڲ´ͣԲŶؾйͣʹͣ޿ɺǡҺƣΪζԾʹ͵Ҫп۳
ǹ̶ģȺͻ١ҲȻġǣΪҪȫҲԵͳ쳹ȫ
ھⷬ˵ֳ֮ĸǿǣҲȻı͡
ò˵Եɣʵ˵ϡ
Ծ巢ֺڲݹͣ辫ؾ⵱ȻԡȫŪЩ˵ȥˡ
֮ǰΪķûǣȺ棬ԴҲû˵ʲô˵ûж˼ķǷĳԱ˳ҾǲԸ룬Ҳǲˡ
ϯ鳤ʱԵˡ
ռסôԵʣ
Űǿߵ棬Ǻǿɾʧˣ
һʱ䣬ϯ鳤治֪ô˵
ԣ㵽Ҫʲô
̨Ǳ߻û˵רڵ壬˳ŭԾԺ
СӣϽƺҪվȥľק
һתɨһۡ
ɱΪıĻؾȴһٶҡΪ𣬵Ǻξģĵʵ
һʱɫ
޷죡СУ׻ûδ֪˿ѣźȵʱΪŭҲ˲óˡ
壬ΪֿЦų򣬲Żᱻ۸˼Ҳͷϣ㻹ҪЦ˭Цһ˵
㡭С̲סֱ̧ۣҪԾԳ֡
ʦܣ
ȴǴһԣסֱۡ
˵ʲôǻȥ˵
С˵Ϊ
ҡҡͷ˵Űǿߵ棬ѵҪԼȺĳԱ𣿡
⻰ŻȻ
˿ԶˣȻȺǿߣÿֵĿߡ
ԾԳ֣ЩȺǿߣ»ֳްɣ
Ųʣ߷ߵĽֱ۷˻ȥ
Сӣ£ٺɱֿɷ飡ź˻ȥԾԺȵ

ʲôкֻ֪ؾֻһеԭѵͲܵŰǿߵһ𣿡Ц˵
ôĹϷѾһ㣬ȴ֪ˣˣ£뿪εȴУźһֺȵ

ʮӰź컰֮󣬱ǽ˿㳡ЩӰ̷ӳԱǳֱ֮žԱƽ
Сӣ߰ɣΪһ۶žԣޱ˵
ϯ鳤ˣҲ᲻£ŹһΡǻȥһԼ̷ӳԱæ˵


1572 ʼ
Ǳ뿪ΣǾͼгĻˡ
˵ǵȴжڿʷϣһ飬ֻҪ뿪Σ˾ѾעˡҪôҪôԶС
ԣ糾޷žԱߡ
ϯ鳤ˣоԵͻСԿǿ˽ⲻ࣬ԲŻçײϣܷһΡ̨ϵФǳϣҲվŴϯ鳤˵
СأѵҲ֪ɷ𣬾Ͳܸ𣿡ϯ鳤۾һ˵
Фǳ϶ʱЩ²̨
źһϯ鳤Ļ֪ϯ鳤˼
һȵСߣ
̷ӵĳԱѾס̷ӵĶӳϢǿʢΪӦܱġЩ̷ͨӶԱ˿ʲ
һ֧飬ץǿߣõó֣˵Ըһˡ
߰ɣǶ֣Կͷġ̷Ӷӳžԡ
ǺǣߣҪûˡԺ˵
ÿСӣʱ򣬾Ȼ˽̷ӣҷ֣зԵɱźٴδ
źھԸվʱ򣬾ŪˡڣԸҷ̷ӵļãÿԽ˻ᵱɱ
̷ӵĳԱźĻ󣬷׷׵ͺһԡ
ˣԵȻ
ƣȻǰĻ嫵ķپۼž˵ܣ̷ӵĶӳ˹ȥ
̷ӶӳҶ֣ȫɱҲ͵ķ
Сӣ군ˣ
ǰ̷Ӷ֡Ǻǣ̷ӣǿǴϵġھܲȨκҲȲˡ£嶼ܵۡ
˳ɻᱻɱɣǼǸҳ־Ҳֻݽȥ޷԰Σ
ڳİǿߣۡ
˵ǿһְˡûʲôϵ
һЩеȺǻͲ嵹ùı߳ȥǾлˡ
糾𣬶ҡ
֪Լﲻæĸҳ֣ȷʵֻԼȥ
䣡
ȫĿ⣬۽ھϣһĻԱɱʱһ촫̷ӵĶӳ徹ǽˡЩ̷ͨԱ͸ΪˣͬʱɳȥˤԶ
ʲô
ôܣ
ʲôôǿ
Ȼ̷ӵĶӳˣ̷ӵĶӳܹȵġоԵˣѵ𣿡
Ҷ˽һЩƿص֮ҲϤҿԿ϶оԵСӣһʡ
һʣʵô֮ǿϢоᣬӦò󣡡
ǰڻʲΣʵ֮ǿһ̤ΣǸˣܹΪʵ
ǿߣǳھչֳʵ
ڳ飬һʶġǣ磬Ҳ֪һЩǿߣ൱ߣ൱Ĵͳ졣վڻ۷εĴڡ
κһȺ֮УҲܽǿС壬ҲУ
ôᡭ᳤ź촽ЦݣӲ֮ϡ
Сӣͬһ㰡ڻΣʵǿΪ϶ǿһءϯ鳤˸žԣϣǿ

֮⣡
ӰٵֽУ
ʼˣϾҪ뿪ˣһŨüӣޱȹǰԶеȹŮ˵
ȺǿһĻһޱȵ𾪡ΪŨüӣҶİһλдԵߡı壬һͬʱҲһ֮Уϵǿߡ
֣Ԩ
ڻ棬Ԩֻ֣ġ˵λһǿߺԨʵѾǺܽӽʼˡҲǣӽĲΡ
һλʱȻ˹̬ܲ𾪣
ֹˣԨһģмߡ⼸ߣԨʵǿҲ֮жߡ
ţȥɣȹŮӣĮĵͷһ˫ĿǰĿǡ


1573 Ū
ŮӣȻǾԵСҲǣʼ֮һ浮ǿʼ顣
ǧ֮ǰСΪ˽⿪طӡ뿪Իص彮һΣȻҲ˿ǡ
СĺԨߣóǶСﶼĹ̬֮У˿иԽ
ʼˣ鳤ֻؾᣬԲܳӭӡ鳤ϣʼ˲Ҫ֡Ԩֽ˵
鳤ǿϯ鳤ı壬һ
һͺһͬ塣ӹ˵壬ѪƺȺһЩⲢ˵ʵһһĺԨʵҲͱȰôһѣҪǿ١
޷ġСﲻҡҡͷ

Եʵ֮ǿ
糾Ȼ
Ҳסˡ
Ƕ֪ʲ֮УĲΣǶħӲӲǣǴû
糾ϣ̷ӵĶӳҲڲ֮ذˡɴӾ̷ӶӳռϷ硣ѵڵʵѾǳԽ
ǾԵֺ֮΢Ȼʲһ㲻һʣȣ
ԾҲɴ۾ŵĿžԡ
Ӿ̷ӶӳһνֿԵʵˡԳֻ֣Ҳ޷ܾԣҪ˵ɱˡ
ı飬ܹŹ֡
ʵҲϣǿʢԼϾҲ塣ǿܸմ⡣
Ϊû䣬еĵλԽԽָͣоܲܡ޶أ
չֳʵȷʵܸӡϣǿ󣬿Ϊ뾰ǰĦֲϣǿľԡ
Եʦտʣһ˫Ŀ˼֪ʵǿģ֮ǰԸ߹ɱħħߴϢţտ֪Բܶ˵ѡ
ԣտʲ⾰̷ܻӵĶӳңտʾþԿܻһЩʵ̷ӵĶӳҲͨ൱ɾɱߴʵȻܱͨȡ
ħħߴʵӦһ࣬ҲνǸΡ
Ҳǲͬġ
νǵһε𡣴ǵڶе̳糾ǵεҲǳΪʱ仹Ǻܳ绹Ǻܴ
̷ӵĶӳԻ˺ȻҲжݵ񡣲һɫĹžٶ׺ݵɱȥ
ΣǼþԡھδסĳҲûס֣ͱ֣֪ǾԶ֣Ҳͣ֡
̷Ӷӳһ˹ȥǰһһ̷ӵĶӳıˡ
ʱ򣬾ԵʵѾȷˡ
ź쳤ϣྰʵǿ󣬳̷ְӼôˣӽͼʱվ˳Ӿתֿ̨ͬź˵
ͼʵ൱ڶε봺¡
ȺƨūԣӲңǻϲ԰ڡͱ֮ǰͼרŵרҫһ
վҲ֡Ūһ¡
ȻΪԼȫܹɵ¾ԡԵʵȻ˵ԤϡǣӾ̷ӶӳֵԵսҲǵεѡͼȴ൱ڵڶġһǵڶ֮е̳Ρ
Ҳڶ𡣲ͼʵȴҪǿһġ
Գ֣Ȼûκ⡣Ҳϣܳûɱԡϯ鳤ҪģɱԣҲôϯ鳤˻
һٶõĺ£
ͼԼ룬ڳĺܶˣͼվҲƵ뷨ǿҲ޷뾫ĽͼȰɣ
ź˿ϯ鳤ϯ鳤΢΢Ķź˵ͷ
þԣܲЩ鳤ԳְɣԷһʶѡ
ٽ̷ӹҲҪһЩʱġȻĽͼӧôýͼŪһºˣҲС͡
̷Ӷӳ£ź
ǣ̷ӶӳӦʮ³Ա˵Զ
ྰԣӿᣬڣұ˽㣡ͼӰһ˾Զ棬Сϣ֮ܲӡ


1574 
᳤źڽͼվɱԵľٶҲǸ⡣ϣֳһĨʣ·𽹸ͼڵΪǸ峤һ㡣
ʱ糾ˣֽԵס̷ӵļǽͼֻ
㾰ڿͨܵסͼսԱⴺľǿ
ǾԼɫƽֳϼ
ϣҲŨķ򲨶⾫սʽ岻ͬӦҲһ֮ԸӦŽͼϵת
棬аʵϣУųɵ壬ǵϵ뷨ϢϢء
ħȺͶϾֻ
оԵ࣬츳湻ǿģ
ǰȺ֮УҲҲڶɣһδ˵ӵʵ
壬ڻȺ֮УҵǴ֮У׾൱൱ʡεˣƥеģû˵һǿ˵
ǰǿϧˣ飬ЩϧоԵ壬̫çײˡһǺѻȥˡһ̾һ˵
ҾҲ⣬һӰȺδţӦúúõıҪǣҲӦϸĶһЩԲ顣һǿҡͷ
ڳİǿߣв٣Ե񣬶¶ϧĹʡ
ʼʱֻ뿴֣ûֱӵϵڣ֪һܹƥ֮ǲо˰ϧ
ܶ룬飬ԼȺжáԼȺһԺǰͻһǿɾˡһСȺҲüЩеȺδظȥˡ
쿴ˣͼˣһǿѹ˵
ֻͼ˫չ˫֮ϣһźҡ̽˳
Щɢźĺɫϣо˵Уں˼ķܡ
ǵ⽹ͼֱӸɵԡڤһڤ˵
ڤҲ൱εĴڡ
ǰһ֣ǵ⽹ͼûԻĻᡣһڤͷ˵
ڳİǿߣкܶ඼ԵİǾǿһеĹֶΡȺڣ൱εǿߣʩչͬʱҲǾǿĹֶΡ
ЩɢĺɫܹסȻʴˣսĨɱ
ͼһ־ǵȻǲԻĻᡣ
Խͼʵʩչε𣬶ضǵסġ
Ľͼŭĵͺһ
ҲȻɫ䡣
ΪΪڶԽͼĵҪ˱ܡڵε糾ǺֱܱܿӽӶĨɱ
쵰ԺҪУ糾ŭŽͼ
죬ͼɱ˾ԡôħ֮ȳĳˣһһᣬɱ֮мŭˡ
ʱԽͼĵ
ྰԣԹɣͼžԡ
ֹѧЩƣЩ츳ͨ
е˼
ҲܲлܵõһЩֵý֮Ѱ˼š
ɫʱ򣬾Բû̫ĵֵ˲Ϣ֮Щɢźɫĺɫǽ԰С
ĸܵЩɫһصҪԼڡ
ҵ磬Ӧɵֵɣ
ҵǿȣħ嶥ħߴûࡣ⽹ͼʵħ嶥ħҪܶࡣôͲһֶε֮žͷһת¶úɫϵعԼ
ڳİǿߣɫѾ뾰ںǾ֪ˡ
ڣ˳ְﾰԣҲܴӽͼĵ֮¾ȳˡ
ķۻ涼ëǵţҪĽͼɱˡ
ԼĵѾ뾰Ե壬ͼϸֳпЦݡ
ɣɣ徰ԣȷʵһš˵ˣţʲôãͼЦŵ˵


1575 һͱ
ͼʱ˷ܡ
ܹɱһ漶ţ񶼼޷Խɱԣ᲻䱳壬ȫں
ǰû֮ǰǾȷʵ׵塣ڵ壬ߺߣҾɱԣֻҪԼ̣ͺް취ԸԼ
ɫϵĺϵ͸뾰Ե塣
ԣܹĸӦЩصҪʴԼ硣ǣֵӰ磬ǿķͲǺɫܹҡġ
ԵҲǿоһɺɫ뿴Ƿн֮ǿԣܹ֮ܡ
ԵĻ֮ܣĿǰѾﵽһƿ֮ںֻ򣬻ʱͿռķܼӳ֡һȵҪ澶
ܿ죬Ծ΢΢ĵ˵ͷΪﵽֲΣҪʵѡǣУûԵʴ
ȷʵǺصĹʽȻҲǽȴһȻͬķʽչֳ԰Եͷ
ңĿǰȷʵһôڻ֪ʽҪԵҪ֪ķ۾΢С

ô£
ûӦʲô屻ʴûб仯ͼЦУԼ˲Ծ
ͨסʴ飬ܿͻᷢ仯ɴʱھԵϣδоκεı仯෴ģԼʩչĵƺڿٱ֮С
ǽͼԼڳİǿߣҲʼɻ
Ľ࣬ⶼʱȥˣӦ˲Ŷԡ㲻ҲӦشƴֵӲдǡ
⡭ѵྰܵסͼĵһǿʶ
ôܣǺܴģôֵܵ
˵Ҳǡ˵壬ͨߣҲ޷ƾֵͼĵ
ǱȽǿġ֮УǿȣҲһָΪ
ʵϣȺУǿҲֻܵסǿѧֶΣĳ
ýˣ
˷׷ɻ󲻽ʱ򣬾ԵĮȻȻɫסȴеˣ
ţ
ͼѿˡ
ҵҪֶܼãͼȻžܵס
ƣûόͼĻвϼ΢΢һ
磬͵Ĳһ¡ӰܣɨЩ뾰ĺɫǱһɨա
ˣɢɫҲ͵
ЩɫͻȻ֮͡ˣ֮УǷ׷׶ѡ·ǣܲסһǿԿʼ
ԣ͵ĺɫ֮£ǰ߳ͦŲϼĽͼȥ
Ȼ޷סƶ

ⲻܣͼʧɫ
֮ǰ⣬ȫȻʧУ˾ŵͰ壬ᶶ˫Ŀ֮Уȫǲŵɫ
ͼٶԽԽ죬Ųϼ̧𣬵γɵĺڷһ󣬾ԶѿѸɢ
Ҳ˵ķΧڣһ˽ͼǰ
ϼֱǰһ̳
ˣ
ͼϣȻĺں֮УһЩɫתϸۿܿдĺɫ·Щɫ·ȫֵϼǰƶ
㱾𣿡Ц
ϼǰ
ȻҲовϼһӰǿܴ߶֮£ϼǽͼĴɫܹסġ
ͼоٽĽ
Ҫ˺ҪܿԵĳǣȻ֣ԼȻ޷ܵĿռ֮ڣǿѹ̧Ŷ
ۣ
Ŀ֮£ϼֱӴ˽ͼš
һ̣·ʱ䶼ֹͣˡ
ӽͼʩչҪɱԣƿһߵͼߣ뽹ͼṣ̌Ҳʱӡ
ķתȴûԤϵġ̨֮ϵ鳤ͳǣһҲĿɿڴ᳤ź죬Ȼѹû־ȽͼķӦ


1576 
ֱϼ뽹ͼţźȻĽͼΣգ
ס֣źһȡ
ԭʵͲǺǿ徭֮սʵȾҲ̫ࡣԣһͼľǿߣȺ˵ҪԲԶھУʵܳͼҲô
źһ쳹ȫ
ǣֹͣ
ֲ˳Ųϼֱӿ뽹ͼ֮ڡ񱩵Ĵݻٽͼͼһ˫ԭ۾ҲѸٵİȥ
ھԳزϼ󣬽ͼһ׸߶ȵ壬ĵȥϣκ
ʱȫѻȸϰٸڶǿߣûһ˷ոձþסֵź죬ҲǴľ·һ̣ȻԼȺǿ齹ͼԼǰ
߾ԣôܹɱͼͼУҲǵڶǰеģսҪǿ
û˻ɣܹɱͼģҲôһε𡣶ңǵһҪɱͼҲҪһЩ
ྰԡ
ȻֱӾųһͱ˽ͼͲѾӡ
Ȼ֪Ծжôǿ
һû취ɱħߴھУһͼк³
ңħ壬ǿɸɱһЩħеȵħôҲһͽɱħķ̫ǿˣҪݻħ磬һɲС
糾ˣ̲סһ
ʱǲתղž̷Ӷӳʱ򣬱ֳʵƺҲǱ̷Ӷӳ΢ǿһЩǣһɱͼ
˵ʲô
˵ǹģղʵȻԿҲ̫ɱ̷Ӷӳ˵Ըɵ᳤ź죬Ǵϯ鳤
ȻҲ֪ϯ鳤϶ǲɱġϯ鳤ʵԽһ
ľλϣеһʵλ鳤ʵ͸ˡ֪λ鳤ӽˡϯ鳤ܶǿΪλһǿ߰죬Ļδڡ
ͼȻˣ
⡭ЩװǸྰԣζǣȴһɱ˽ͼ
ô£ģǽͼǽ߾ȫֵ͵סңྰƺƾ֮з򣬲˿ֲսġ
ţҲһЩྰԣƺǿȫѹͼġ
ǿУһЩĴڣ³˾ǿԭ
³ԭ޷⡣⼸ǳʶˡôྰԣأ
ĪǣͲࣿϢȫ֤ǳͷβࡣ
㳡ϣ࿴ԵĿ⣬Ѿһ˿ηˡһЩ۷ǿߣͬˡ۷ǿȻ٣кܶ࣬ʵͼ硣ʵԽͼģ治ࡣܹɱͼģ͸ϡˡ
ƾһɱͼսڳųɾŵǿߡ
ʺɫЩ̡
˿ɣһɱͼҲһɱ
뵽ԼھԳֺɣһļ£ͬʱҲЩҡңԹ˼ͬͬûֱӶ֡Ҳһ˰ɣ
Ǯ׼ʣҲɫҰסȻû뾰ֱӳͻУɲֹһԡ֮ǰþжǿ֪Э糾ɱħȻãԼ㲻羰ԣҲ̫ࡣǾټðˡ
ֱ
žԻ̷Ӷӳһɱ役ͼףԼھǰһֻϿҲ޷ֱˣǮ׼ֻǰһƬҰͬʾ磬Ϊ֮

ҪҪ
źȫԼˣվ̨֮ϣ״һ˫۾·ҪγѪ޲ý԰Ƥ
ЩǿߣͬŻžԡֻǣپǿǷŭִЩη塣壬һȺӲĻɫǾŭҲûվԾԶ֣ǿԶҡ
ź죡ȻȻ뿴ܱȽͼǿ١ҵԵɱҲǾһֲֳͬ֡ϼ̧ͷ̨ϵź죬Ȼ


1577 ͵ظɱ

ȻǺǿ󣬿ǵǿҲĸټ᳤ź죬Ǿ𼶡ȻͼѾɱʣУźǵһε
ⷬ͵սоڳǿߣѾûκˡ
·κһϣֻ¶޷ܡ壬ȴǲ۹
վľԣǿ߾ûһվȥ̨֮ϵź죬˫Ҳƶ
ʱź죬Ÿжϡȥ뾰Խ֣ļֽȥʲôĽ
գס
㳡ϵİǿߣ˶̲סЦ֮һľ壬Ǳһʲ߸Żסˡ
ʵ⵹Ҳȫ־嵨СʵǣԱֳʵֲ̫һ㡣һͻɱ˽ͼʵκһ嶼С

徰ԣ㹻ڿǣڿ㳡ȫΪãܺãྰԣҵҪ㾿мʵ
ϯ鳤˵仰ʱվһ˫񣬱Ӿԡ
λϯ鳤ǳǿߡͬʱҲǣ֮ڣϵĵһǿߡʵǽӽˣԽһ
λϯ鳤վϣӿһܡܣ㳡
εѹžԱȶ
ѹȻĿǾԡǣڹ㳡ϵİǿߣȻǸɫ䡣ӽεǿߣܹġ㳡ֻҲϯ鳤ܹӴϯ鳤ϵѹ
ӽʵѾǻлεǿˡҲֻУЩʼϡ
ĳʼ̫̫ˡڵУгʼټ
ڳʼϢڴ˵֮СʼצͬʧȥѶܾúܾá
ϯ鳤ߵ̨ıԵžԡ
ϯ鳤ȻԴϯ鳤ľٶûκεıʾϯ鳤̬ȣ˻ڳڶǿ߿Ĭˡ
Խ̬ȷʵǺûӡǸ߸ϾӸµӣ˸ȥơ
ͬʱڶǿߣҲǷ׷׵վĿžԡϯ鳤ʹ塣ϯ鳤Ҫ˭Ҫ˭
ΪӴ壬ǿߵҲĪ˵û֮󣬾˥֮ǰҲԶȡ˥֮ǰУܴڵλλӡ壬һֱڶλı
ྰԣ
ӿᣬﲻˡ죬Ҵᣬ㵱ڶС徰ԣ͵ظɱϯ鳤ͳ㳡
ʱ̷ӣҲ½ִ
̷ӣɲֻһ顣ǿ֮ڳص̷ӣʮ֧֮ࡣ
ʮ̷֧ӣʱȫڿ㳡ܣӴĹ㳡Χ£
ǵѹͷƤ顣
վڳеľԣŲϼĿ⻺ɨȫֿϯ鳤
ҵԼգֲָֻšǿǵᣬҲУҪֻԿͬصڿռڡ
ǿߣԶݡ
ʱ徰ԾȻ޾⡣ۿţϯ鳤ҪԳˣ徰ԣûκη˼
ݹ̲סҪ̾
徰ԣ̤𾳽磬ǾǴϯ鳤δˡ
ǰ֪ΪΣⷬҶһѪڵĸоֻǣҪԴϯ鳤ˣҿǲ˵κΥġ
Ǻǣ㣬һȺ飬˭Υϯ鳤ϯ鳤˵ϯ鳤졣˴ϯ鳤κ鶼к³塣ٺ٣ϯ鳤ҲҶ̫֣
ǿǣĿȫھԵϡԵӰȴǳǶ޷󼰵ֻǾԵʵоԵĵǣ
䣡ϯ鳤ֱ̧ӰϷȥ
ĶϣһһȻ
ɫȫȻͬѸݻۣת˲γһ޴ͼ
ͼ
⸱ôͼ·ǹ˿㳡Ͽաֲܣǡǿ㳡ڵ飬þ㳡ķ
ѹϯ鳤˫ĿĿУͺ֮
ͼ֮ϣڰɫǴ޾ѹ·Ժ£


1578 
񱩵ܣ·Ҫһжݻ١
ɺڰ׽⣬ת˲㵽˾ԽǰԵ磬޷ƵĲ
ͼܣѹֻһ׵ʱ򣬱ܵ˼ǿ
ֻܿڰⲻžھԵ棬Ҳһǿĵֿ
ǽӽǿߣ
Ϲͱʵɲ⣡ͷתڵʵϹȣǲ˲١ҵ㹻ǿ󣬵ֵƬ̻ûʲô⡣ϹɱңҲôף
Լ߶
ڵʵȷʵҪԾĵһҪǿһȻҲ޷ɱħߴǣȻûдﵽϯ鳤ͱĲΡ
ڣֻǴﵽĵһܽڶǵƾҲϯ鳤ͱײߣ̤𾳽硣յĵѾȶƾյֶ֮ΣҲĴϯ鳤ӲӲ
ͱϹ֣ѵ㱾£ɱң԰Ȼ̧ͷ­ϵĴϯ鳤ͱ
ʱͱ˫Ŀ·
ʩչͼȻܿնɱྰԡ˵ͬһֳ衣һʣԳ־Ȼò¡Ϣȥϯ鳤ɾҪһ㳾ˣ
ɶ񣡡ϯ鳤ͱŭһ
ʲôѾѹ޷ֽɱϯ鳤ͱȵ
ಣ
ʮ̷֧ӣͬʱ˷׺ݵɱȥ
ͼȻʱɱԣҲȷʵ˾ԵжԱ뾡ȫֵͼĹ
ֲྫԸʮ̷֧ӵĳԱ
ңڶǿ߻ڻʱпҲԡ
̷ӵĳԱڽӽ֮󣬱㶼ȡžչһʱ䣬ѹԵĸӦֵѺܳ
ʵڲУֻˣĬĬת
ʦ֣ǡǲǸʲô糾ҧűݣԱΧһ˪˵
ţҲ糾
ĵλ˲ҪˡؾʱͲȥֻҪһЩģȾԽ̤𾳽硣ʱ򣬾ǿǵᣬҲòЭɣ糾˵
е˼Ѿˡ
ǡǳְﾰԣǿԸɫء
ǾžԱɱ糾ˡ
ҪȾԣڿֻһ취̨˵ǣֻ˵ϯ鳤ˡֻҪϯ鳤˷ǰͱ͵ͣ֡
ңȥ鳤ˣҲȥˡ
µ鳤죬Ҳϧˣ

ֻѡˣ￪ֻһˡ뿪ӦҲΪԱ̤ͱϹֱ𣡡׼뿪ǵġ
ǿ̶ȣȫ˲䱬ĻǿѳȥġֻҪͼѹʱʩչռ뿪ǡ˻УͱϹҲˡ
ˣ
ڴ׼̨׼ȫѵʱ
һµͻȻʴ͸
ֵúͻأڳİǿ߸ոո֪ͷֱյͼӿȥ
ǡ
ͼ󣬺ߵתʱ
ԵĸΪǿңԸоǺڰܽࡣԼ磬ѹЩ̷ӳԱĹھԵ˵㲻ϴв
еĿ⣬ϵͼ
֮һܺ嫷ǵǿ󹥻ֶΣĿ֮£ϵı⡣ʱ󣬱ǳ׵ɢʧ
ô£
⡭
˶סˣ֪ʲô顣
Ǵϯ鳤ͱ˶סˣľȻԶʡ֪ٵͼԴǸ
ɣʲô飬ܹ˼򵥾ͻٵͼأ
˵ע֮£һӰ
Ϊ׵ģһȹŮ˪ɨӹڰͱ϶Ƭֻ̡Ƭ̵Ķðͱȫ
ߣһǿߺԨ
ܿ죬ǿ߿˺Ԩ
졭ô£ԨˣΪȹŮⲻѰȹŮӾʲôݣ
ݻٴϯ鳤ͼģȻߣѵǺԨԳ֣
һʱ䣬ǿ˼ҡ


1579 Ը
ԨΪڰߣʵ֮ǿӹɵġǺԨ˳֣ȷʵɴݻٵϯ鳤ͱͼ
ȻⲢ˵Ԩʵͱܶ࣬Ͼⲻ潻֡
ɻǣԨΪҪݻͼԨҪྰԣʲôԭأ
鳤춼ûֹͱ֣ԨΪҪ֣
ȹŮӣ
ԨˣλáҪ֪ԺԨ˵Ľϯ鳤һҲԲں档ԨˣǺһ
ǡ
רڵ糾𣬿ӽеȹŮӣʶſڡ
λУҲ糾ʱھŽǼСҲ֪СݡȻʱҲǰٷְȷԽСʱûаѻ˵
ڿСӦľˡҪȻһĺԨԸվС
糾ѵʶȹŮӣ𿴳糾ı仯̨ϯ鳤ģΪСִݻͼֹס塣
ţǼһΡֵĻӦоˡ糾ϲõ˵
ѯʣһĻȫĿ⡣
̨ϵϯ鳤˰죬ѸٵվֱӾ̨߳
Ŀ⣬ֱǰ
ǿ߿죬Ȼ֪λϯ鳤ҪʲôǴӰϣ˿ͬѰζ
ȹŮӵӽһ
ϯ鳤˰죬ǡֱӵϥڵϣҵͷ
ˣȻ¹
һĻڳе顣
һʱ䣬ǿ߶ԼЩá⵽ʲô
ˣȻ¹
֪ǣ˹ݵĶ󣬿϶ȹŮӣǺԨߡȹŮӣǺηʥȻϯ鳤죬ҪĴ
е飬ס˺
ϯ鳤ͱٴδľշ飬ƺЩԤϣƿˡ
죬ݼʼˣصȫ
ʼ棡
˿˵ģǰݼʼˣ
ʱԵҲǸ򡣵ԿСʱȻһ۾ϳˡǧǰСԼֿ˵Ҫص彮
һ󣬾ԾûСԣҲûԤϵλڿٴμС
Сķӡ֪⿪һˣţ϶ֹǽ⿪ڶطӡˡ԰ת
СֿʱСֻ⿪ǰطӡʱСʵָĲΡڵСʵȻֲöࡣ
죬ɣСﵭĮɨ˰һ˵
ǣӦվ
ʼˣΪҪֻؾᣬûԳȥӭӣˡ˵
ţؾᣬϵشΪĻ᳤ҪС˰֡
ͻȻһתǣôֵģؾᣬôֵ𣿡
СͻȻʣðɫ΢΢һס
ʼˡٴκɵĹȥ
־ηֱ裬κεΥ档һʵĻðϻ̳Ͽ֡
СĺԨҲ
ԨȻ֪ʼΪζŭҲղŷйءΪ˳ֽͱͼݻˡ
ͱϼһڹ·Ǹࡣ
ʼˣӦþΪͱ𹥻ԲŶŭġ
ʱһЩתıȽϿǿߣѾܿĴ硣˵һðͷǣྰӦоˡ
ϯ鳤ͱ𣬼ʼˣͱعҲ˲Ͼˣæǰ߳СĹ
󣬾̨ϵľλϣͬʱʱǻ֪СݣǾˡ
ȻľҲ֪λȹŮӣʼ֮һˣͬʱҲǻĳʼ飬ǿĳʼ֮һ
λʼ棬ǳʼеĶڣǻе۷塣
С۴Ӱͱɨֿ򻹵ϥİڰ˵ɣڴûɵķϣξͲƽˡ
СĻϯ鳤ĵɳһվ
ʶĿ˿·ľԣĵྰԣѵʼʶôܣʼһ飬ȴֻһСӣʼйϸ𣿡
СĿתƵԵϣӰ΢΢һǽϡ
Ը磡СʱղŶ԰˵ʱֱˡ


1580 ·
԰ʱСȫһλߵ̬˵㰽ǿĻ᳤СҲûӡ
ȻСҲȫʸΪʼ棬κһ飬СǰκεΡ
ǶԾԵʱСȴˮ
ڳİǿߣһֱҪӵɳˡ
֮ǰСոյִ￪㳡ݻ˰ͱϯ鳤ͼʱ򣬾в³ྰԿʶȴû뵽ﾹ̬ྰԡ
ȫǿߣа֮࣬ʶŴ͡
İͺԨǿ飬¶˼顣
ǣȻ޷⣡
֮һΪζһ˵ĿѾǿֱǡ
ǵȻ֪СǱԴ͵ġǾԣСҲ޷ԶС˵֮ˡ
Сķӡ΢Ц
С
ǿǣ˾ԶԾĳƺһػ˲̲ס³һѪ
һСӣƺΪС
ǿǰ浮ԭʼ飬ԭʼ顣
ȻһޱȵĳԾʱû˲ʶȤĿ
Ѿ⿪طӡ
Ѿȷһطӡֻʣһطӡδ⿪һطӡҪ⿪Ƚ鷳ҲʲôֻǶķһЩʱˡСﻺ˵
Ѿ⿪طӡСʵѾǻĲˡܹȫطӡ⿪ôͿԻָ۷״̬ҲĻ
ǾͺáԵ˵ͷ
Ը磬֪ǻؾԲµܻǣҲ¶ˡС˵˵
ؾһʮ԰ɣСȫӳ֮顣
ţʮЩΪ֣һǹ̶ʮһǶʮʮ̶塢塢塢塢ڤ;干ͬ䡣ǰгǩ˵
Ը磬㷽뿪˳ͻΪɣС۾תתʵ
ȻոյҲ֪õҲܲ³϶̫٣ԾԲŻͻ
ǵģľֻһ̫ˡ˵
ð죡ؾδûнС·ǡС˵
һС顣
Ļǰͱ飬ɫѿҲ˵
ʱϯ鳤ͱЩġھྰԵĹϵҶˡղţԶྰԶֵġͱ𣬻ЩľΪྰԽìͷָԼ
ԣڻʵһ㲻ҪͷΪá
Ļؾϣȷʵˡ֮ǰķ䷽׵ϯ鳤죬ɴĳˡ
ǰͲķֻҪռݰ˸ˡģɴϯ鳤;λŰ졣
Ȼܼװˣʼ˷ѾֳĲˡҪǲ˵ʼһٹЩܲס
ԣԣǸ·һ£ϯ鳤ͱҲ˳Ƴ˵
ʹı£Ҳ
СתĿһ۰Ͱͱ飬¿ԡ
ʱרĴˣһ۾⡣ۿţдҪ䵽ͷˡ
ܶõôĻͽ
Ҫ֪Ծ𣬼ʮӡÿһǶԶǷǳҪġõؾ˵أȻֿҲ̫󣬵ܹиɿܵġ
ǿǣžԡȫϵھԵϡǾԾԵ̬ȿ¾ҪӦö⡣
Ը磬ôģСֱʾԵ˼
⻰ԣʾҪ
ķ䣬ҪֻһͨԱȻԽ޴ˡҾã岻ӦõõؾЦЦһתǾź졣
ź⻰΢΢һ㶡ŵķ䷽̶ģھԵ˼ȫˣһ
̫ˣ
һǿҵУźը
ǾҲ֮һôͲӦõõؾˣྰԣ㲻Ҫ̫ˣ˹ϵãҲ˰ԵźŬѹҪ˵


1581 ˸
źҲļˡ
УԽ塣˥֮ǰʵҲǴԽġھò˷ĻᣬȴͻȻ޷ܵı仯
Ҫ֪λؾ޷õĻôһΡ´Σܻܿ޷õһЩǿеȺȡܷ֮
ϵȺδź쵱Ȼܵ
ΪϵشôԾԸ񣬴ʱ϶ǲվϰͷڹꡣ
ź˵ǿžŰԵ
ǣͲһԼ֮ǰԾԡֶ̬ȡô֣̬ȶԴ壿
ǾĽͼӧҪɱԡǾʵǿѾͼɱˡ
³ȫҵģ
Ե
ԸͰԵˣ壿һȺªĶĿһתź졣
ȻھУ㲻ʲô
ʵҲȷʵˣټĻУöεĳʼӵ̫̫ˡ
ΪԵĹϵǿھ￴ҲһȺп޵ˡ
ˣ㡭㡭źɫһһס
ʲôٸҷϻɱ㣡һȡ
źˣ
죡ֿϯ鳤˵ûУԸ˵岻Ӧõõؾ
ǣ壬ܻù̶Ӧ
ͱΣ쿴ϯ鳤ͱ
⡭ͱɵĿźһۣƤӶ˵ͬ⡣
û취ͬ⡣
ǿʼ֮һľм棿ͱȻӽ𣬿ɱϾ𡣿ңﵽĲΣҲԶεĴȡ
죬·һ»ؾĹ̶ɣֶ԰˵
ǣӦ
µķ䷽ܿͳˡ
ʼˣԱλؾķ䣬ģ
壬а˸彫õ߸ڤĸû칧ĶԾ㱨˵
ֱӴһ߸½һ߸ڤǰûб仯ھ壬Ϳˡ
彫õ߸ؾˣࡣΪƾ辰Ĺϵõпܵġȴû뵽ֱӾǵõ߸̶
ǵԤڡ
һǿߣϾҲ;Ÿˡ߸Ҳ˵ֻǲܽؾġ
ˣȻ˵úܡ
Ը磬䷽Σûж԰˵µķвУʾԵ˼
߸ѾˡǲеˣԳ˼˵
ԿûǸղŴϯ鳤ͱҪɱԼģȾò˶١ԣЩõ
Сѣ
ٺ٣֮ǰ飬ȷʵ³çˡҸСѵǸ
δ˵ǰͱԵĻ󣬾ЦݵĶԾ˵ȻǸˡ
üҲ֮ת
ʵȷʵǿȺڣ൱εǿߣϰٸ֮ࡣ˥֮ǰҲﲻĳ̶ȡ
λϯ鳤ͱҲϵŰǿߵǸþҲò࿼һЩ
ԼԲںвҪΪ忼ǡ峹׶ȻǺ¡
СǾɣջͬεķ䷽
ţ
죬ǹ̶ôɣ飬
Ծ΢΢ͷֿ˵
飬ĳǩˡϰٸȺһһгǩܲܵõؾȫԼ֮һĻᡣ
壬Ҳǩ
һΣǷǳ֮һļʣ徹ǳɹĳ鵽һ
һ߸̶Ǿǰ˸ʣҲֻһ˲ܽؾ
֮壬ûܳȡҲ˵һõ˰˸ؾ
ȷʵңûй̶û鵽һȺ飬ɥ޿κΡ
λ
ǵжϣؾվͻῪʱпܡԣλڿ㳡ȴؾֹʱ䡣Ŀ⻷ȫ˵


1582 
ǿߣӵнؾȺȫڿ㳡
Щûлûؾģ󲿷Ҳû뿪ɨصľ壬ûߡ
Ⱥֳ裬ǿ϶̧žˣƤɾ壬ôһȺƤ

Եѣ
ԵѣһΣǡҶ֪ôелˡ𼤶֮Ա
ΪԵԵʣܵõ˸ؾȡʷõؾһΡ
ǰҲ塣΢Ц˵
ΪһЩ飬ҲˡԲ˵
ԵѣʱФǳҲ̨Ϸɵר򣬶žԹ˹֡
λĳϣԾԱֳ㹻ء
أΪʼΪʵǿǵڶεĽͼֱһնɱƾʵԳԽлԾˡ
νҲһɱ役ͼ
˵һ̶ϣԿѾǿߡ٣ڻԾǿУԵʵһָ
ФǳϡԶФǳϹֻ
еûФǳϵ˼ڿ֮У֮ǰ鿴ФȷʵûȨϯ鳤ϲ£ФǳϿ϶޷ϯ鳤ͱ󡣿ң滹һԾź졣
ԵѣǰҶ㣬е֮㲻ҪϡȷʵЩˡǺͷ˵
תĿǿߣҲ
𣡡
뵣Ҷˣ㶯֣֮ǰѾˡԾ𣬾ôʮÿһȺҪֻϣԺ飬ܹ˼Сޱ
֮ԲƽϣҲΪλ޴񡣲ҪԸɫҲܡ
ǣǣԺһע⡣һΣ˲٣¾Ժ鷳
ԵѣһΣûؾ˸ǰǵߣȴоλáФǳϿ˿ԡ
ǵľλʣֻа˸˽ؾôһˣ޷ؾܻôȫƾ辰ԡԶķ䣬ȻзȨԲϣ˭ؾôǰ϶ˡ
ĵǮ׼ʣһӽ
֪ԼܲܽؾǾһ仰顣Ȼû뾰Բʲôͻʦǰȴԡ
ڣԻ᲻ֱӷĽؾĻأ
ФǳϵĻ
˸ֻҪеһǸԼһǸʦտʡʣµǰϹأгǩɣ߸ˣȡؾû鵽˾ֻܹԼˡЦЦ˵
ԵĻǮ׼жʱһɡ
Ҳ΢΢һ㶺һмžԡ
ʵѾ׼ԼĵǮ׼Ӧǲнؾˡ٣λؾԼĵûˡ
ȴû뵽ԾȻû϶ΪѣҲû
ԵѣⱲӣ˲࣬һĻҾͲ˵ˣԺʲôԸֻ˵ظ
Ե˵ͷû˵
ԣҪҲλһǩɣտü΢΢һ£Ծ˵
þֱӸһЩ⻯ˡ
һǩǰ˸˳ȡ߸ҲǺܴġ
ʦ롣Ҹһû˻ҡҡͷ
Ȼ
ǣ˵ʵоԵѣҲһ̶һԵѣؾԵָЩܽؾû⡣
տʣͱˣҲٶ˵ǾԵѵʦȻھԵѾǶóԵˡ
λ׷׿˵
Ҷô˵տҲͲٶ˵ˣֻһ˫ĿžԿ뵽֮ǰ˵ҪŪһʱΪǲʵԼС˾ԡ
Ը硭
ʱСѾǿ߼򵥽˹
Ҹط˵˵СϲԾ˵
ãԵͷ
Ժ;ʱ뿪˿㳡һƫƧ֮


1583 ֮
ƫƧԺСվһ𣬸û顣
Ը磬ؾؾҾͻ뿪ǡһֲ֪ǺʱˡСžԣдȻ
СǣҲǲ³ԿܻΪԿǣǲġؾȻأСεĳʼ˵ҲǶôҪ顣ͲϵЩؾ
жܽؾ
ڿǣҲͣ˶á
ϵķӡһûн⿪ֻȫ⿪ӡȫָʵ»ص۷ĲΡ
뿪ǣҪȥ᲻ΣգԴС̬֮УԼоһ˿
ûʲôΣգֻЩ鷳СžЦЦ
ûжԾ˵ʵ
ҪȥĵطǵΣյĵطҪ⿪һطӡͱصǸط
ǸطҪǲΣգͲȵ۷𲻵òѡˡ
֮Բ߾ԣҲǲþԵġԾԵʵҲﲻʲôæ
СҪСġ˵
ȻСɫЩȻϾܿ͸С˼Ȼܿ͸С˼ȷʵҲﲻæСȻֻ⿪ǰطӡʵҲﵽĲˡСﶼ޷ӦΣգ͸Ӳܡ
ţһġСͷ

֮󣬻ؾ
ʮýؾ飬½롣
ؾڣֻһʱҵʱ䡣Ǵʱ䣬ôλؾҲͳ״ˡ
Ϊˣýؾʮ飬ʱӲ뿪㳡벽ؾڣڿ㳡֮ϡ
ԣڽ֮ǰٴС
λжһڴڴһνؾİ˸ʣܾ̤Ρ
ÿһλؾѵõĻᡣϾؾһŻῪһΡ
ʼˣ
λߣۼھߡ
ţСŰߵ˵ͷ˵óˣ
֮ǰһҪ˵һ顣һΣҽҪǰĵطǳաǻҲʱп䡣죬㣬ǸطԱԣǲԸȥҲǿ󡣡С￴Ű˵
Ϊʼ˶ҵȻҡ߶ûκԥ
ʼݣֱһϵ
ߣɲ˵˵ô򵥡ǣǷĵԸΪ˵ھҪɱǶʲôԥ
壬ڵʵ޹ء˵ھѾָлʵﻹǵոʱҲһԾޱȵ𾴡
ãǾͳɣС
ʼˣҹȥһ¡˵
ԡСͷ
ϯ鳤ͱǰ
ͱ鳤飬Ҫ뿪һʱ䡣ԣ飬ȫ㸺ˡԴϯ鳤ͱ˵
鳤Ҫ뿪ǣϯ鳤ͱ΢΢һ¡
ԣһҪҪԱҪ뿪һʱ䡣ͷ˵ؾѾʮ鶼ѾУҲʲôˡ
鳤ģ飬һһֱŵģԲκӡϯ鳤ͱĵ˵
áӦһתٻصߡ
СһȺߣٷжȥ

ר
λ𣬺ǸûнؾߣҲעĿ뿪
ˣڶҲˡͳ˵
Щġ
֮ǰ岻뾫ìܣ塣ǿڵʱȻҶڣǿ߶뿪˿ǣ;壬᲻û鷳أ
嵹ǻ˵ؼ塣һϯ鳤ͱ𣬾Ͳܹġ
Ҳö룬뾰ԹϵãͱҲ֪ھǿ뿪ҲԲڶǶ֣ǿ߻Ǹν糾˵
ţ糾ʦ˵еͱжֵ˼Ҳضġ˵ǰԶԾԵǸˣıԣ彻Ҳǲܡ˵
糾𣬶˵ͷ

ź죬ϯ鳤ͱǰ
ͱ鳤ˣңźСʵϴЦݡ
šͱ˵ͷ
֮Уһƾ⡣
ǾĽͼСź죬ѵͲ뱨𣿡ͱ𺡣
ͱĻźɫ΢΢һͿЦ
ͱ鳤ͱЦˡ徰ԣĹϵҲˡ˵䲻ĻǾԶԾ˵˾壬϶ʲôԥġﻹҶ屨أźЦҡͷ
Ҫ˵ûк⣬ǾԲܡ
ǣûе屨ֻܽݳԺѣ侮ʯȥ̤ŷйԹǿҲԶὫɺⱬ
Ǿ塣
ǺǣѾˡˣ߶ˡ㣬ʲôͱЦ˵
ͱˣǿȻˣǳ绹鳤æ󣬻ǻصġźüСĵĿŰͱ
Щ̫ͱ˼ˡ
ͱ鳤ѵû뵽һ
屨Ȼʲô¡ģФǳϣҲλѡ˵ڣɱǼڿڵǿߣҲʲô¡
ɱ֮أ
鳤ôأ
˵ҪɱǼ𣬿϶ֳܴĶڿڣǿڣǲ˶졣
ź룬ǲԼ˰ͱ鳤˼
ȻֱӶ֡ͱеԽԽʢ
ߣǿĴϯ鳤ȻС衣ҰͱʲµġǴԺһᱨģھǿ뿪һѵõĺûᡣ
ź죬ֻ벻뱨𣡡ͱ
룡Ȼ룡ֻҪҾ屨ҰͲýɱ⣬ǸС֡źصͷ
ǸСӣѾؾɱˡңӻؾҲɱǿĳʼ֮һŭǵס壬ͲһˣֻǸԹϵ׽ϵͺһˡǾɱһЩ壬ҲĶŭͱթ˵
ˣȻ뱨Ǿͺá飬һᰲţֻҪʱҷԸǡͱӻֵ
ǣź˼ת߿

ǻؾڲ
ԽؾܵĻ
ǡͫ΢΢һ֮ϡ
ؾڲռ䣬ֳľǻɵģһжʡƬ֮ϣȴ纣һɫת
ЩɫΣԿ󣬱˳ϳҲݺݵĲһ¡ΪЩɫĹΣȫǻ֮
֮Ļ֮κˣޱȵ𶯡
Ըոմӵ͵ʱ򣬾;֮ϴ֮ǿֻôһĻ֮ʱͻ˼磬ǿҲ
ڣؾ֮ڣȴ޾Ļ֮
һ̾ҪȥӴ֮ǣ壬ȴδ뷨Ϸڡ
ȻɲͺĶڵϡ
ռڣž˵ѹȡڵľԣ޷ڿա
޷Ӵ֮ؾȻͬһ㡣˵Уؾϵٳһؾܿġвܣʲô飬Ի˶Ļ֮ңռڵѹǿ˸޷ǻҲһ㣬ֻһؾ̺ܡ
춴棬Ҳǳʼ飬µĻؾޱȵ£ؾȣо˲ֹһΡ
Ŀתвϵת
ôǽؾ飬׸ѰͻƵĻԵأﵽǻɵģ޷շУ޷Уֻܿ˫·
˼֮УѾǰƶ
ڽؾ֮ǰԾǴؾڲ̽ϢκΰǶ˵ÿһؾ飬ͬ
ţ
ʱ򣬾ͻȻоһǿƥ־
־ǿ󵽾ȫ˼ˣֱµˡ
飬㽫һΣĦسľ㣬Ҫ׼סֻһΣܲãȫԼʧܣ㽫ֱ뿪ؾԺҲҲܽؾ
ɿµ־ŵϢֱ뾰Եںϡ޷־У˿ĸ鲨ޱȵı䡣


1584 ʯ
־Уȷָ
Ȼд棬κΥ־ͷָǰڻɵĿռƶ塣
Ҳ֪˶ãԵһοǰľֱ仯
ǰܵĻһֱǻɵģϿ޾ɫ֮ǰ峺ȻϿɫ֮ûʲô仯ǻ֮·Щɫȴûˡ
Ե֮УԿʯʯÿһ鶼·һСɽһ㡣ܺԿʯĸ߶Ȳͬ
һʯԼʮ׵ĸ߶ȡڶʯʮ׵ĸ߶ȡʯоʮ׵ĸ߶ȡ
ԵĿ⣬Ķʯ
ΪѾܸоʯŷǷ֮ʯı棬һּΪǿѹܡ
ھʯңԶȻܸоѹǣܵĿռ䣬ͺĸǶӡڵ¡
ȥԵϻʯɣռ־ٶȴϢ١
Ҳ֪־ǲϵ־ҳΪؾ־
Ҫԣϻʯ
֪ռ־˵ĻʯӦþԼĴǰʯ
Լǰȥ
ӽʯ֮ѹҲǼٵ
ԽӽһʯһڵʱܿռѹþԶЩľɿռѹһʵ޷ǰˡҲֻжʣſܼӽʯ
ڵһʯ֮ط΢פƬ̣ǰ
ʮʱ󣬾Խһʯʮװ뾶֮ڡ
ʱ򣬻ؾ־Ըов־֮Уƺһϲ֮顣
־֮еϲ֮ʣҲȷԼӦǷȷ
ӽһʯ
ʮס
ʮס
ʮס
ʮס
ԽоѹԽ󡣵󣬾ò֮ռѹп⣬ܼǰ
ڣ˾ʯ֮ǰ
桭ùŹֵһ΢͵УγһţֱʯĶˡ˫ĿŵһʯųеС
˼һ
ţؾ־ҪԼʯռ֮ڣ޷УǴ߶Ҳ޷һʯʮ׵ĸ߶ȣȥ϶С
ЩУ֪ЩеôӦԼʵǾʯá
ˣԱ㳢̧ţӴС
ȻЩУþͺñǽݡŽӴ֮󣬾̾ȷЩеá
̧ҽš
˫Ŷ뿪
䣡
һɸΪ嫵ѹȻžѹҺͻȻþʶı㽫֮߶
ãվûбɺȻǿѹˡ
̧Ŀȥʼڵһʯʵ
ʱھĲԶһ߲֡ʱתܿһ߲⡣Ź֮УһεӰӡУֻ¶һŵģӰӡ
Ӱӣƺڹ۲쾰ԡ
ھʵǵһʯʱ򣬾Զθоؾ־֮еϲ
ɹĵǶһʯ֮ϲõҲǿǿѾܹȷؾ־ȷʵǷǳˡ
ʵǵһöʯɹҪʵǵڶöʯؾ־ٶȴȷָʾ뵽Ե֮С
̧Ŀ˿ǰ
ͿԿʯһġӵһʯĶˣԼڶʯʵǡ
˫ŵϵڶʯ΢֮һɸӿֲѹ֮Ȼ١һΣһЩ׼ǲòֿ
֮Ѿ޷ԼȻʵǵڶʯ
ת磬ٵѹ
Ե磬ȷʵ̫ǿˡ
ʵҪʵǵڶʯѶȷʵҪ֪ؾʲġڲʹ£ʵҲǽӽˡǿʵ޷ʵǵڶʯ
Ⱥ龰Բ֪֮УֻǺҵʵǵڶʯˡ
Ե̫ǿˣһʣһɱǾ役ͼԣڶʯѹȻǳֲھԴ߶󣬾ͲԵöô޷ˡ
ԣܿ͵Ƕڶʯ
ؾ־ԽԽϲˣþԼʵǵʯ
䣡ʯϵѹռܣݺݵԳ


1585 ھ
ʯһһʵǡһѹǰһ飬ʵǵѶǳʼαĵ
Ե壬΢΢ζһ¡
ǹ͵ģ
ѹҸ˵ڵĻκһ飬൱ʲε飬ʵȥ̲סת
ǽǱ˵ʯǵڶ鶼̫ʵĿܣֹڵһʯˡһתһŵʯʵǡ
ʵǵٶȺܿ죬յʱ䣬ŵִʯĶˡ
վڵʯ˵ʱϿɫһƬһĻ֮ȴ͵Ĳһ¡Щ֮·״ӿ
˲Ϣ֮䣬Ļ֮ӹڵĵʯǵڶʯͣڵʯĶˡ
תĿ¿ȥ
֮Ȼ쵽һʯĶˡǿԿóԽϵĸ߶ȣڵĻ֮ԽŨ
ʯҲǾλõĻ֮Ҫȵһʯ˴ڵĻ֮ɫŨöࡣ
ԣʶľͳջ֮
Դӵ͵ոշʱ򣬾ͳ˻֮ͷʱǻ֮˵ǺٵģؾĻֱ֮͵ûСʱ֮޾Ļ֮˭أ
ھתķ׼ջ֮ʱ
ԸоߵĿռһ˿
ţһ߲뵶ھԵǰ
Եɴ۾ǰ߲⡣ֵ߲֮Ӱӡ
ʲôǽ䱸ı鿴ǰһ߲⡣
࣬оԣ
ؾ־ֱھ崫Ϣ
ſڣ֪ǲǸÿڻش
Ҿһڵ־ھӦֱӣؾ־ָԴϢ
ϣǻ
壬֮Уһֱֲ²⣬²ؾ١ǣһֱδκ֤ʵֲ²⡣
˼ǧֿܡ
ྰԣǰģģңһ壡־Ϣ
ԴЩϢУоĻϲ֮⡣ƺԼΪ⡣
Իɣؾÿοܽʮ顣ǣıӦôδЩؾ֮ǰ
ؾһʱ俪һΣӻ浮Ҳǹȥ˺ܶһꡣ飬ӦҲв١
Ӧγƺ㣿Գſѯʡ
ɣ־Ӧԡ
ྰԣģһУΪɫ顣ɫģ֮һΪˣҲԸ㡣㣬ҵϣ־
һ㶡
ǰǾ仰⡣ԼϵʯһʲεԣӦǼġǾ仰Ծ޷ˡʲô㣬ҵϣ
ǻϵ
𣬶ҪʱʱĲܼʵ
ྰԣ˵־뾰Թͨ
棬Ψһġһ棬ʱҲǺܾáӻ濪һҲʮꡣ
仰ЩɵۣûдĻ
һҪһ档ǿҲаұ޷ֵֻϣһ飬ֵ
ྰԣʵܵ΢ﵽĲΣԼоǹаڡ˵Щֻϣһ׼һܷȥܾҪˡ־˵
⡭Ȼ󣬿Ҳ֪һЩ顣֪ʱвͬһĳʼ顣Щʼ飬ÿһޱȵǿѵǶֵܵа𣿡Դɻʵ
ܣģֻӻа֣ȴ
ǵʵȻܲǵǱһʼעˡǣ޷漶ơҪֵаͱ볬漶Ҫ漶ֻǺֵһ壬ڡ
ྰԣһǳ壬ױȵǱǵԣֻ֮ۡǣǵ̫ˡݻٶʱȥȻܴһֿüǿķ
㣬ġѾǿﵽʼżˡҪǣԺо޴ռ䡣ͬʱ汸ھȺԡ־˵


1586 ٵ
ʱľԣȻЩ¡
ܽһ־ž˵ڵһһ޴鷳һаһ档ǲֹа֣ôһͻᱻݻ٣е鶼ٲľء
־аԿֻͨڵ飬ֵа֡ǣĿǰһ֮дڵ飬ǳʼ黹飬޷а
־˾ԣΪǱδаȻ档ΪˣֳԲҸ߾ЩϢ
Щı塣
ྰԣһʣʱҲˣԣ뾡ܵʵͬʱҲĿ֮ڣİ
һҪӣΪһ汻ݻ٣ôеһж顣ҽڣһڵһжڡ־
ҵȫԸԻӦ˵
һ汻ݻ٣ǾҲѶ壬Ҳ֮ԣҲԴ
Ȼ˾ԣ˵ԵϣȷʵһǱʡ
ã
ྰԣô㽫ֱӹĦ濪١߻ʯĦ濪ʱܵĴҲ󡣲̤ܲΣؼǿԼңͲˡֵ߲ھǰʧ
ţؾ䡣
ģǰľ̼ͷ˷츲صı仯
ԿһƬ֮Уһɫĵ㡣ɫĵ㣬ɢܡһܣþʶס
ܵжǿԶ޷ݡ
һİ죬޵ѹǷǳǿġǣϵѹɫĵɢȣֱĲࡣ
ǳʼϵѹﲻɫĵţһë
ǡԵͷ΢΢һ
ھںڵܵʱڵ㣬ͻȻһҫ۵⡣ĳ֣ڵ㿪ʼѸٵױȵܣ͵ٶԽԽ졣
ʱ䲻ڵ㣬ƴСŵŴ置ĹģȻڼٵ֮С
ѵǻ濪ٵ龰𣿡
Ǹڵ㣬ǻ濪֮ǰ̬
ˣþ
ģԸо˿˿Ƶ֮֮УһЩֳ
ȳֵģֻֻ֮󡣵ŴγɺڼŵĻڣʼһЩ塣
ǳʼ顭
ǣԿһޱӴӰӰֱħħҪߴϰٱϣȼһޱȳȵĻ档
𣡡飬һŭ
ܵĿռ䣬γһִһ
һ飡
ǡ
ö鵮ǿЩ飬ÿһޱȵǿ󡣷·֮䣬ɱңѾǽӽĲΡ
ǽôһоצѵʼצ𣿡
СأʲôλãСӦצһĳʼ顣ѰСı塣
ϡһ
תĿȥ
ССȻھצԶĵطСô󣡡ĿɿڴĿڵӴޱȵľ
ɢܣһ˿˿
۹һֻɫСӣСӣ棬̫įˡ
һɫӰٽӽצ̽ƣžצץ˹ȥצȻǷǳӴˣǺɫӰǰȻԵýС硣
צ·Ǹܵ˾޴вһ峺һ˫ɫͫ׶ǺɫӰ͵˦βͣԶӴܶȥҲżߡ
ٶȵǲȻСܵˡǺɫӰ׷һξ룬ֹͣҡҡͷ
Ҳ֪˶ʱ䣬ڻŻŵļеµĳʼٶҲңԽ浮飬ʵԾԽСˡ
󣬳ʼĵȫֹͣ
һЩǿĳʼ飬ҲĴߣʼ飬еĳΪѣеĳΪ˴֡
ֹʱ䣬һЩʼǾ̫įˣ㿪ʼԴһǧٹֵڳʼ鴴µˡֻǣЩȳʼ˵̫Сˡ
ʼ飬ʼһЩñԼѧϰ


1587 
Щ飬˸ָĹȻԶʼȡڣ鶼һķǿԴķܡȺ֮УܻһЩȽĴڣЩĸԺܿٵĳɳܴﵽƥгʼĳ̶ȡ
Կ;צҲʼ顣֣һȺҲڵ塣

ԵĿ⣬һʼϴڱһȺת
ͻȻ
һĳʼ飬ʼ鿴СΪĳǳӽΣǳĽСڵ¡
Щʼı壬϶ǷǳӴġСģ١ĳʼ飬ʼ飬СüֱԺԲơ
ʼ飬ϵڻţƺڹۿʼ鴴һȺ
һ죬˵ˡ
һߴ׵Ӵˣһƺɱ
û仰ֱӽˡ
սĽ˾ԵԤ֮⡣ԺС֮УΪ˿µԭΪһս϶Ǹһʤ뾰ȫ෴
Ǹߴ׵ĴһûֶãͱСŮɱ
ɱ˴һ֮󣬽СŮ뿪
ԵĿ⣬һֱڽСŮӵϡ
ֹȥá
Ů洣㴴һ顣СŮ˵һ仰
ܿ죬Ů洱㴴һ塣ԿʱһΪȻһģһġ
ڻУȻкܶò϶ǳơǣֻҪ΢۲죬ܿе𡣶Ů洵ĳʼ飬ȴһģһġ
ԺܺãСŮ洿űԼ΢΢ҡͷ
죬ƺҪĽԼǿһЩգǷˣΪҪǿ鲻ѣǿԾͻ֮˥
ˣɣӴԺǣˡǵȺ塣Ů洶Լ˵

壬ȻŮ洵ĳʼ鴴ģңŮ洵ĳʼ飬ʵҲǿǿҸоӦñСﻹǿ󡣡˼
ֹȥһЩʱ䡣
ǰľ󣬿ʼģЩ飬ϵʧ
涼ȫʧ
Գĺһ
֪ԼιĦ濪ٽˡ
䣡
ʱ򣬾ԵڣȴһǿҵܲھԵ棬Ũ֮ۡ
ţ
Ҫͻ𣿡æ۾ڵʯϥתķ
һʱ䡣
۾
ҳˣ֣ġ
ȻʾͻƵ𾳽磬·ˮɡڹĦ濪ٺ󣬾ûͻƾһоͶȻȻķ˸ı䡣
ԴʱľƽͣԭΪԼ̤𾳽ἤǣǺܵȻ
ֱһӣ
ܵĿռ䣬
ǿ
ǿܣûʹ˿ֻ֣ԽͨĲΡ

ҵʵӦǿʼ˰ɣ˫Ŀ֮У
һԴ߶
ܵĻ֮ٵžӿ
ӰϵʱƣԸоԼӯһٽ㡣
֪Ӱ罫Ҫﵽڶļ


ǣ
ͱҵȹĪ͸ҵȣ
һɫӰĳ˵
ڻɫӰǰվŵ飬ǿϯ鳤ͱ
ݻʹߣͱԻɫӰ˹֣Ц⡣
ͱף֪Ұݻûʲô̸ġ˵ɣҵȹʲô飡ǻɫӰͷһ˵
Ǻǣνаݻʹǰǣϣܹݻʹ߰һæͱЦ˵
æͱǲǽˮˣǿᣬҪҰݻæɫӰ˵
ݻʹ˵ǰæȻḶۡҵĴۣһٽ֮ͱȻЦݣ·ԶǰĻɫӰ϶ӦԼ
Ȼһٽ֮󣬻ɫӰĬƬ̡
ͱҪҵȰʲôɫӰʵ
һٽ֮Ȼݻʹߡ
ɱ࣡ͱĿһƺŷ˵ʱڿڣһЩڡϣݻʹܰҳЩࡣЩУֻһһεΪǡ


1588 տ
ݻʹ˫ĿŴϯ鳤ͱ
һٽ֮ջȷʵܴ
ݻڻָһȺߡЩߣƺͲľˡ塢ȵ˵ݻҪõԴѶҪöࡣ
ǵзʽҲһǶصзʽܹ޵Դ£ɳΪǿĵز
ڻУǴһЩȺˣзǳǿһݻͬһΪǿ޷뿪ȡǣҲѹưݻ
ͱ㲻Ѱĵİɣ壬Ҳǿһ֧ɱЩڿڵࣿ
ҪҰæѵֹǰ죬ῴҵɱࣿݻʹǹЦ
ݻʹߣ
ڿ֮У㲻ʲôΪҪȻҵԭҳһٽ֮ݻʹǳ֡ݻʹӦôЩ֮ǵġģݻʹҲʡͱ˰֡
Сݻʹ뿼Ǳߡ鳤ǿ뿪˿ǣʱӦòԣݻʹǣȫڿڶ֡Щɱ󣬾ͿԴŻ֮Ȼ뿪ͱ˵
ݻʹһ
ǿ߲ڿǣ¾װˡΪһٽ֮ƺֵͱϼһҲ˵ˣֻ֮һһ˵ǿߣҲһЩвڶεεв
˵ڿڵǿӦҲ̫ࡣ
ãҴӦˣɱ࣬ͱ㣬Ҫ΢ƻһ¡ݻʹصĵ˵ͷ
ǣ㳡֮ϡ
Ĵ糾𣬶ר֮ڡ
˴ʱؾߣ󲿷ѾˡЩѾߣûڻؾڳɹĽ𡣲Ȼṳ̂𾳽磬ڻؾڣҲٵõһЩôڸ˵ʵ϶һ
ǵ֮·ҲԸһЩ
Ҳ֪ܲڻؾڽ𾳽硣΢΢۾
ҿ϶û⣬ԾԵ츳˵¡Ϊʵ϶Ϊǿ˵ܴﵽż壬ܶһǿߣǿɾ͡˵
ڴ糾Ŀת

ڿ㳡ϣһĻȻ١Ļ֮УһӰ
տ£糾飬ĿⶼǹĻеӰӣһϳոձͳؾģտʡ
ˣտµϣһɺصѹת
⡭ʵѹǿ߲еѹ
տ½ˣ
𾳽磬տʳΪտˣҲߡ
壬ֶһλǿߡã̫ˡźɫЦ˵
Фǳϣһר֮ڣҲϲɫ
ڹ㳡ڶǿУҲӿ
տ£ƺˡ
ûϢϿȷʵǿߣҲ൱Ⱥסһǿߵ˵ͷ˵
ǲǸǿľԻûгѾһ
ڤ弸ؾ飬ĿǰΪֹûڤ֡һڤǿ̾ϢһЩĽտ˵
һνؾģа˸顣һҲһǿתתĿ˵
Ǿǿߣһǿɲ뿴µǰͲؾİ˸飬ȫ޷
տʦã
տ£صר֮ڣ˶ЦŶտ¹˹֡
Фʦ֡ʦ֡
տλк
ǼʾߣҲտ¼֮ǰǵտͬġտ½һӱ㳬Խǣ˫Ѿһˡ
Իûг𣿡տ˿ңûԼӾԵӰ
ţδӻؾؾİ˸ˣĿǰΪֹѾˣֻоԺʻڻؾڡӦ˵
ԺֶܿܳΪµ𡣡տͷ˵
һ˵ڻؾͣʱԽãôϣԽȻǾԵģɴһδλؾľ鿴ȷʵġЩͱͳؾߣнεġ


1589 ݻ
ǿߣ΢Ц̸
ȻĿǰ֪ȻڻؾڵľԺܲܽΪ𡣵ǣѾӻؾտ£ǿϲɺص顣
СȺ֮УһЩȺǿߣרŵרء
ȻЩСȺеĵλ˺ܴԵʵĿĵġǿߣ޷֮սǰȣһԴڣڴ֮еĵλȹࡣ
䣡
ʱ򣬼ĺڹ⣬ͻأĳڿ㳡Ͽա
һǣɫӰ
ɫӰһ֣ȫĿ⡣ϵϢȫߣڵһʱӦ
ݻ
ǰݻߣ
ߣЩ龹ҳڿǣ
һЩ쳹
Ϊ˵ĳԱ԰ݻûκεĺøС˵ĳԱȻ˵һݻ߾ͳִɱڰݻߣȻҽ뿪ǣʿɾͲһˡ
һǿߣ׷׵վɨϿյӰʱ׼֡
֣

Ϊ׵İݻʹĿɨܣзЦ
ݻʹߣǾǣѵǻˣһǿߣȫƣǿŭȵ
ݻʹߣȻǽ˿ǣͶ°ɣһڤڤɭɭĺȵ
ڶСȺǿߣҲɢܣݻ߰Χ
ϯ鳤ͱҲȻĻص˿㳡۾ܣû̿˵
λ
ȱżιҪһ顣˽ºǾͻ뿪Ϊ׵İݻʹЦ
ó·ûκεѹǱ˶࿪ǿ߰Χм䣬ȻȻúܡ
ʵҲȷʵˡ
ݻʹߵʵǴﵽĲΡڳǿУܽпǿһ֣Ҳܴ°Ȼߡ
鳤ݻʹ߿ɾͲôˡ
ݻʹߵĿ⣬ר
ɵ壬͵Ұݻʥڻݻʹȵ
Фǵ𣬶΢΢һ㶣֮һ¡
̾ʶݻߣν뿪ǵĿ꣬ƺԼ塣
ݻʹߣʲô˼Фǳڳǿһ
ʲô˼͵˰ݻʥװƲˣߣϿ콫ʥｻǱ㶼Ҫݻʹȫȣɱڵ˵
ڳİǿǣжתʶݻߵͻȻ֣ƺô򵥡
Ѱ£ݻߣſҲ׽뿪ǡɴʱݻȴ׵ĳˣΪôĵӣ
Ŀܾǣǰ֪鳤˻ڶǿ߲ڿ֮ڡ
һ֣Ͷ巢ѣǵĿȻ塣
ǣΪ壿
뵽֮ǰ徰Եϯ鳤һǿ߾뵽ݻߵĵ᲻ϯ鳤ͱйϵ
ھ塭ìܸ徰ɱ˾ǿ߽ͼǣȻûôðݻ߳֡
ҿóΪ׵İݻʹߣʵΪǿӦǰݻ֮һʵȿ᰽鳤ðݻ֣ɲһ׵顣
ǿߵĿ⣬˰ͱϡһЩˣĿ¶˵ķСݻЩߵĳ֣ͱйϵǰͱ̫ˡ
Ħŭ壬Ҳðݻɱɣô˵Ҳǿ˵ĳԱ
ݻʹߣǲ֪˵ĵʲôʥǣҲû͵ԹǰݻʥФǳüͷ
ʱ򣬻ϣһȺų򡣰ݻɱǣһΪ׵İݻʹֱһӡ
ɫӰͬʱרɱ˹ȥ
ǿܣʱڿ㳡ռ
ߣݻߣҲ̫ǿ˷ˣڿɱ˳ԱΣһףȳ˳ȥ
׳ȥ֮̾жǿ½֡
⼸ݻУȻһƻεǿڡɿ˶ǿߣҲҪ¶Էһ֣ͬǻҲ˱ᡣ
λʱ򣬴ϯ鳤ͱ𿪿ˡ
ȲҪ֣⼸ݻ߳ڿǣǲˡڣסЩݻߣҪ㹥ͱݵÿһǿߵĶ֮С


1590 ᧿Σ
ǿһ١
ֻΧݻ߶ô죿
ڣǼݻ߿Ҫ࣡
ǿߵĿⶼϯ鳤ͱǰǻֻǻɰݻߵĳͱйڰͱǳ֣ͼȷֲ²ˡϯ鳤ͱԾݻֽ֮ڿǵһˣ
ϯ鳤ˣݻڹ壬ѵǾһԿţһǿü
Ȼ˵ȺҲûʲôܵĹϵǲô˵嶼ǿ˵ĳԱ屻ݻɱЩ˵ȥο⻹ڿ֮ڡ
˵ˣ
Ҫֻ֣Ҫݻ߰Χһϵ鳤˼پԲߡϯ鳤ͱ۾˵
鳤ڿǣǱɴϯ鳤ͱƿءѵΥͱ˵𣿡źվ˵
ǿûٳ֡
ڿ㳡İݻߣȻֻ飬ÿһʵǿΪ׵飬ǻεǿߣܿǰݻ֮һ
ֲεǿߣڳκһ嶼˿⡣һ֣ͬΧɱǵҲ⼸ݻߡǣڰͱ鳤ˡ
ôǿ߿϶ͲͬģһЩǿȻ֣ҲòˡԼ֣ȺǿȴֵĻԼǳͷ񣬺ܻܿᱻݻǿնɱ
ͱ鳤ʲô˼
Фǳ۾ԲŭĶŰͱ鳤ȵ
ˣҲŭŴϯ鳤ͱ
ڣר֮ڣֱФǳϡ糾տһ𣬿Ҳˡ
ǣǰݻߣʱֵ飬ǿФǳϵĴڡݻ飬ȫǵһεǿߡ
飬ܵס
Ȼ߸ʲεߣ߸ֻͨ𿹺һ԰ݻ飬͸ûм֮ˡ
Ҳ˵ڳİǿ߲æĻ϶ڽˡʮˣһѲФǳϣֻ¶ûԱ
οһƻεİݻʹߣԶ˻ĿšΪ׵İݻʹߣФǳϣԶ֡
Фǳϣ㲻Ҫż
밽鳤磬ò˶ʱ䣬鳤ͻѶ鳤뿪֮ǰҹÿǡһΣݻͻȻ٣ұס档ФǳϣȼƬ̰ɡͱϴЦݣФǳ˵
䣡
ݻߣѾФǳϵ˽йФǳϵ𣬶ȫ߶ֵ֮
һʱ䶼ûķѾ᧿Σ
ŭȣܣ׵·չƴĵֵݻߵĹ
ͱ޳ܣФǳҲˡ
ڶҪˣȻҲµͱˣֱӾ˳
ͱ𣡾Ϊǰڻؾϣ㣬ڱأֶΣ̫ˡЩݻУ鳤콻ФǳһߵֵݻߵĹһŭȵ
Ǻǡ
Фǳϣ㲻ҪżңҲ뿴ڰݻʹߵСǣ¹شҲòһЩФǳϣֻҪһͿˡУҿɲǱ塣Ȼ֮ǰľһЩìܣȫûϣһԵǸˣѵˣͱЦ˵
Фǳϣ岻Ǻǿѵֵ⼸ݻһʱ䣬ˣǰǿǺǿƵģˣǻһ֣ʼǺǹϵܺ𣿺ٺ٣ĵסþְź쳰
ź죡
ⱰӵĶܻҾԲŹ㡣Фǳ۾ͨ춢ź졣
ţ
ݻΪ׵ʹߣʱɫȴ΢΢һתĿϯ鳤ͱ

ͱ𣬾ô£ݻʹʵ
ݻȻҲ
ͱ˫üһ£ݺݵĶźһۡź죬˵©ˣ
źҲʶԼЩˣεĶŰͱЦЦ
һϵȽܡûϵϵܵǸ࣬Ҳͱһ䡣
ߣݻʹһԼеĲ
ͱǰݻʹߵĶԻڳڰǿߣǰٷְȷݻߵĳͱֱӹϵˡ


1591 ʮ
ͱ鳤Ҫݻ߳ʮڿǵ࣬ʵݻߣġ
Ӷ߶ԻݻӦþǰͱרġܿܣͱǸ˾޴Ĵۣ붯ݻ߶֡ڰݻ˵ʲô͵ǵʥԾһ˵ͷһ׾ӵĽڡ
ͱðݻɱ࣬Ȱ鳤ѯͱҲܽȫжݻߵϡû֡
ڳİǿߣ࣬ͱ񶼷
ͱ˿̣Ҳʶֱ仯ֻǣѾݱ䵽һҲòӲͷƤȥҧݻߵĳûκεĹϵ
Σϡ
΢壬ǻֿ
ֿɣĻһЩǺԼǵסġȻסΪλ֧أΪ׵İݻʹԶ˿ţвʱ˵һ䡣
ݻʹߣ
ͱǳ֣Ĵʲô壬Ը⸶ֻͬͣ֡Фǳҧ֣ݻʹ˵
ߣ͵˰ݻʥղѾǻᣬֻҪǽʥＴɡǣǲϧᣬǶҪݻʹȵ

ʱ򣬿㳡ϣһĻͻȻ֡
Ļ֮УһӰ
֣
֣Ҳǽؾİ֮һڣǡñӻؾڴͳ
ϣۻϢѾʾ磬Ρ֮ǰʣڻؾڣΪ
ֵͻȻ֣ФǳϵҲһ۾Ϳˡ
֣뿪㳡ФǳϽغ
ЩãȻոմӻؾڳѹ֪ʲô顣
ǡ
ǰݻߣǣڹ壿üͷ
ɶڳЩǿߣΪζŰݻ߹壿ǣΪβֹݻߣתĿ㳡ܡ
ǿߣҲ𣬸ӦϵϢֵ֪壬ҲʽΪˡ
ǰһտ½Ҳؾİ˸ˣѾ
Ǳݻ߹ջ޴ˡ
֣ߣҲȵ
һҽУʱרڴ
һʾߣڿֲ֮顣ЩʾߣȻǰţѱǵı©Ҳǳ顣
ʣ
糾Ҳ֮ƺһѪ糾Ѿˣǿһ߶ֵ֮ݻߵĹ

Ǽֲ˶ˣĿѡ
Фǳϣǣոս֣߶רٷй
֣ߣ
뿪ҲסݻߣߣһһФǳϺȵ
Фǳ˵һ㶼ûڳ壬ݻ޴󣬼һ֣Ҳ޼¡գֻҲ
ʵҲ֪һ㣬Ȼóڳ͵סݻߣҪһߣ
֣רС
࣬ЩǺǣȻұȫ㣡Ϊװݻʹ߿𣬿˵Ӱһʧԭء
һ̣ݻʹֱǰ
̽ƣ͵Ķ¡
߶ֵ֮ݻʹߵĹ
ǣ˫Ĳʵ̫ˣһȼġΪװݻʹߣǻεǿߣֲǸոսѡ
ֻǺɫӡֱֵֶӻ˳ǰѹȡһһ㵹ɳȥˣڵɳȥͬʱ߽⣬ֻգ֮䣬ڿֲ֮»Ϊޡ
ս
ոս𾳽磬ͱݻʹһƻɱ
֣
İݻߣİͱ𣡡
ǻڵģɱ飬ʮٱФǳ쳹㳡
ڳİǿߣҲ׷׶ݡ
ۣտ΢΢һϣڸһĿĵ˿ڣѪҺ
һ˿ڵĳ֣տϢҲ˥Ϣ
տˡ
ǣֵݻߵĹڵ״Ҳͼʱ䣬ķ߾ͽʱרڵ𣬶ɱǼŵʡ


1592 ƥл
糾տȺˣɵķǷƮҡʱܱ׻
糾տλ˺󲻾ãһֱҲǱ顣
ФǳϣҲ˼ޡ
ʾߣҲĴ߶Эλзǣյ̫֮ˣʼһ𣬿ܻȲһε
ФǳϣǧҪļţٵֵһᣬţ鳤ܿͻлӦˡ𲻶⵽شϯ鳤ͱǵЦԽԡ
壬ڿ֮ڵ壬Ҫ군ˣ
һľԣʵ׺ʼϵܣȺĵλȹࡣǣ죬⿪㳡ٺ٣ԾһҲʮһʧɲСͱгתͷ
ֻЩϧܽǾһŪ
⾰ϵ̫ܣǾܻҰݻ鷳Ҳܻ鷳ԣǲðա
ֻԺһˡ
ͱ𣬺Ҳһðա
ɲʲô飬֪ڿǣܿҲϡ
ͱҲŹģФǳϵ֮Щ̷ˡ
ͬȲεǿֹ̫ˡ
Фǳ仰һƺߴ֮ڶ䡣
Фǳϵ˶Щ񣬵ĪκΡ
ֿɣ
С壬ʡɣԹã
ΪǰݻʹߣһֱȤԶ˵

ؾ֮ڡ
ԣ̻֮
ӰܣԽԽǿ
ˣ
Ӱ磬һ𶯡֮һɫâһܺ嫵ƣھԵ衣
һ

ܿģɫƱǴﵽϰȾĽɫӰ
֮󣬽ɫĹӰ𽥴磬쵽Ե档
ԿھԵ棬һɫ·ơ
䣡һɵȴصѹӾɢ
Ҳʱ򣬾˫Ŀվ˫Ŀ֮УɫĹâ̫һ財
ɹˣ
Ӱ磬˳ﵽڶ
̧ұۣһұϣһɫֳ֮Щɫ·ѹ
ҵ磬жǿ
־˵ӰֻǵһʱҾǿﵽ˻ʼżڣӰﵽڶһ£Ӧͨĳʼײ˰ɣټϣҵĵܡҵʵ⣬ӦȫܴﵽĲˡȻڿ϶ЩȽǿĻȡ
˫ĿеĽɫâɢǣһĨ΢Ц֡
ʱ߲֡
һο߲⣬Ծûʼʱôˣ֪߲ı塣
ྰԣ
ϲˣ־Ծ˵
ǻؾҪﵽڵʵ֪Ҫʱ䡣ԣܸмԶ幪˹
ҪлңһϣɶϡˣҾͲ˵ϻˣڣȡһңһЩ֮㡣־˵
ԣһ
֮ѵõĺö
ѰߣͲܵõЩǿߣҪõ֮ҲǷǳļѡϯ鳤ͱһٽ֮붯ݻһλ֣ɼ֮Իá
ЩߣһӶֻһλ֮ϴĻᡣŪһЩ֮ǾԼ̫ҪҲ͸Լںˡ
ȡһܴ
ྰԣ㵹ǲ
־ȡ󣬾Ըо־ǿࡣ
ԸЦһ
ȡȷʵܴ
ྰԣ֮ƺܶ࣬ʵ޾ġ棬Ҫ֮ʱѾ֮Ѿ˵һЩ֮ȻҲ־ƺЩ۵ӡ
˵󣬾ԾͿϿյɫ֮Ϊһӿ뵽Լǰ֮С
ʱӿֹͣ
˫ĿŹ⣬ǰ
ллԹ֡
ˣ뿪ˡˣ棬һЩ鷳־˵
鷳ʲô鷳⻰üͷһ壬ʶʵ
ȥȻ֪ˣڵʵҲӦԱû⡣
ھԵ֮У־ģ
ţǰ


1593 
лָʱǳ˻ؾڿ㳡֮ϡ
ţ
̾͸Ӧ㳡ϵǳҡ
Ե˫Ŀ͵ĵԲ
屻
ЩʲôȺ飿Կݻ߹רڵФǳϵˡ
ûһӾϳݻߡϾʱ仹̣ԻһЩ˽ⲢǺϸǰ˵ݻҲδݻߣûһϳҲ
ס֣ŭ
ھԿݻ߹ǿߵͬʱڳİǿߣҲ˾Գڿ㳡ϡ
ϯ鳤ͱĿžԡ˿ԣֿΪװݻʹߡ
ԣ
Կߣ뿪
ФǳϵˣԺ󣬷׷׿ڶԾԺ
ǿԲԣϣЩˣȻҲкܴʧֻҪܻȥпܳΪġһλĻǾֱˡ
壬֮нǿȺ
ԽҲǰ;ɾãˡ䣬ټЩʱܿħ嶼ֵס
ԣ
ΪװݻʹߵҲԡ
Ѿ֪оԵ࣬ʼϵܡŪԣпܻʼݻҲ׵
ʱ򣬰ݻʹȷʵҲûͬҲһɱ˼ɲΪһٽ֮ŭ԰ݻı
ྰԣ
Щͬ壬͵ҵİݻʥҪȡʥ㣬޹أ뿪ݻʹžԣ˵
һתӰݻʹߡ
ݻͳ
˵ݻ֪ݻǻһΪǿȻ޷뿪ƽƽҲѹƲסݻ
Ҫǣ˺ͰݻҲǵжԵĹϵ
ݻߣôڿǣĿ
Ŀ⻷ȫ
ЩˣͿЩݻ߹壿壬ǲǿ˵ĳԱԵ쳹ǹ㳡
Уŭȼա
ʱľԣȷʵΪŭЩ˵ȺǿߣȻȺݻ߹޶ԣ
ң⿪֮ڣݻڿ˵ϳ֮ڳ֡
Ȼûпղżʺĳ棬Ҳרڵ˺ü
ʣٰǿ߶ĵͷɫЩǺ졣
ԣҪʴʣ
͵˰ݻʥݻô鷳壬˼ҵĶѵҪ˱ڹɣ£ȻҪԼеź죬߿ȵ
ǣǳ鷳ƾʲôҪһͬеõôûзָ塣
ݻôûȺ鷳

Ҳ飬᳤źĻ
۾ͨ죬ŭԽԽʢ
ྰԣ뿪ҲȥҲҪΪҰݻ¾Ҷ㣡ݻʹٴγԾ˵
ǵĵԲŴŹңĿ⻺תƣӿз
ԣߣտ𽹼þ뿪
ԿʦտоտϵϢǳңȻܵصơ

Щ쵰ס֣Խһ̤Χר򸽽İݻ߱ƽȥ
ķߣѾ᧿ΣרڵʣʱʵǿФͬȻʵǿٵѹҲͬ
ڼٷ֮УԽϼС

ԶһݻߣݺݵնһɫдŲɫĽâ˺ѿռ䣬ǰݻ˹ȥ
ݻ飬Ҳ͵һתоһɼǿڱ֡Ѿ˾޴вԣȻһת״ٻӶͼֵԵĹ
¡
ֹײһ졣ǰݻߵֱӾͱõ˳ȥ
ôܣȻ֮ǿɳȥİݻʹߣޱȵĳԾ
Թİݻʹ߳Ծݻ죬ɫҲ΢΢һ䡣
һΣݻߣԱһεʵǿɾʵȻྰһͳˣ


1594 ײе
ǱԻɳȥİݻ³ѪѸٸ֪һƣɫ԰ס
Ʋᡣ
һֱˡ
ôܣ
ݻ߶ȺҲ˽ģ֪Ⱥڣεǿ١ɼǶǿߣҲһ˲Ŷԡ
ͱ˵ФȺڻԾУϾǰеǿߡФʵҲ⼸ݻ൱ѡФ𼴱㵥ԵɱҲѽܡ
ոճֵĽоԵ࣬ȴǼ򵥵һͻɱʵֻǽӽˡ
Խݻ߻ɳȥͱҲȻһ
Сӣˣͱת
ھԽؾ֮ǰʵȻҲǿնɱĽͼǣʱľͱʱҲֻǿֵ˵ȫǴ·ġڣԵʵǿ࣬ϵϢҲΡ
ӣȻ̤𾳽硣ɱѶȸˡ
£ֻǰݻ֣ѹӣͱаת
ͱҲЩᣬ¾ǣ塣ǣֺ뾰ǣѺԽԽìѾѻ⣬ǲڵĽٶȣֻ½ضġ
Ǹʱӿ϶ù
ԣͷת󣬰ͱ𿪿һͺȡ
ݻʹѾ˵ˣ͵԰ݻʥûйϵ뿪
ǲ뿪Ǻɾͺ˵ˣɱû㡣ͱ˵
Ʋϵ
ΪѾȫˣԼ뿪ݻʹɱҲֲͱ塣
Ǹڳǿ߿ģǸ;￴ġ
ͱĻ¶һ˿תĿͱ
ͱϻ쵰ܲģ΢΢̧вϼɭɭ˵
ߣʶôĶҪţȴԼϧͱŭ˵
ݻ쿴˿ԣֿ˿ͱĿһ˿ݡ
ˣŪС˵ݻȻɵҲֻǼɵ
Ծǿĳʼ飬ݻҲδؾη塣ǰͱ𣬿ҲҪɱԺٶҪһЩ֮Ϊ
ɱ࣡ݻ£´Ҫɱԡ
ݻߣ̽ìͷת˾ԡ
൱ڵһǿߣ˲Ϣ֮ͽ԰Χм䡣
СģʵǿűԹİݻߣԼͬ顣
ˣ˵ͷ
ɣҿЩݻ飬ʲô£Ѹٴ߶Ӱܡ

ɱ
ݻߣͬʱһ״ıž׺ޱȵɱȥ
ߣȫ֣ǵء
Фǳϵ𣬴ʱԴϢ
糾տ£ˡ꣬˰ﾰԡФǳ϶ߵļ˵
ǲ£Լստ˵
Ҫǿտ£ƺأţˡǵ飬ܿӰ쵽ԺФǳ˵
տ˿Χľԣǵ˵ͷȷʵأǸո𾳽磬صƣʵһ붼ӲǰﾰԣҲ̫
糾տλ𣬶ʼϥöˡ
Фλ׼Ԯԡ
䣡
Ѿݻ߽֣һߵıֱӻоԵԵ壬͵һ£ٵˣܵĿռ䶼֮飬һɫĺۼ
ţ
ôɾ͵ˣоԵİݻߣ·ЩţûԤڵԼһιֱӻоԵ壬Ծú⡣
Ĳֻڳ飬΢΢
ǰǿѾĿáҶ⣬ԿѾﵽӽΣͱ鳤൱Ĵڡʵôᱻǰݻֱӻأ
ڿռڵһξ󣬾Եȶ
۾΢΢촽
ݻǿߣҲˡȹɱҿɾˡԵĮ쳹
ʲô
ôܣ
ݻֱӻ壬ûκֵܵûˣ
ܣߣһι֮£Ҳȥֱ
ڶǿߣɴ۾ŵĿڿаȻľԣ·ӾԵҵ˵֤ݡ


1595 ɱɱ
ܿģǿǾȷԲװģˣûˡϢԼûκα仯
Ҳ˵Կܰݻȫһëû
ֲ̫
Фǳϵ𣬼˶¶ϲɫȻ֮ǰھɱͼʱ򣬾չֳǿʱܰݻȫˣȻ˳Ծ⡣
ԣ㣡ФǺʹλ𶼼սȦ
ˣ⼸嶼£
ʱǰͱȴǷһ˾ò˼顢˼塣
ȫĿɿڴ
͵ݻʥݻҿ˳ͻȽ£ȴСҲϵ鳤ˣѯ˼ͱһת˵
޳ܣɣ
ͱΪ˶Ը壬ֱ伫ˣ
ݻ뿪˳ͻֿЦɣܱ˺ͰݻжԵ
ʲô
ͱ鳤û𣿡
ߣˣԺ˵źӦͱָ
塢ڤȺǿߣЩСȺǿߣ
˼СȺ֮⣬鶼ûгֵ˼ίʵǣͱ̫˲ܽˡ
Фǳϵǿߣҧгݡ
ź죬ݻ߰Χ֮£źžǿ߻ڶǿߣФǳϡԼרڵտ˳ȥһȴӿд
Եź΢΢һ
Ц
Եʵȷʵǿʼȡǣݻ߰Χ֮£ʲôɱң
źʱ˼
ռޣԵһȡ
֮ʧԭء
ݻߣɫһЩãȻ
ܸоʩչռľʧʱĿռ쳣ǣȴ޷ֹԡ
˫۾ע֮£ԵӰͻأĳźȲԶ
֮
ԵӰϻ֮źȫնһһϮɱȥͬʱʹ籩
ۣϼֱӱǴźԴ
嫵ܣ˳Ųϼӿź塣
ֻ˲Ϣ֮䣬źڵǱ߽һɶ
ź죬ĳϣ൱һεǿߡһֱӾնɱ
ź¶ûԼΪλ
û뵽ܹɱ
֪ӦǽӽΣɼˣҲȷҲڼ̵ʱɱôҲ൱һǿߡ
ͱ֣޷һھɱ
ھͻȻǰʱֻо΢΢һ֮һ˶ЩججʶҪѣһ̣;ԼԴһ˿⣬żɢ
źʬ壬Ĵ׹䡣
򣡡һնɱź֮ûͣ٣ʩչ򣬽Ǽźһֵľǿ߸ڡ
⼸ǿ߸ոշź챻ɱ͸Ӧһɾ޴סԼ塣û׹ôµʱһʹűɱ⵽ǵǰ
ǿߣæֵ
ۣ
ȻٶȵֵԵĹʵ̫뺷ˡź֮ľСȺǿߣھһι֮£ֱʣһҲ˵ܵһĴˡ
ʱݻߣµ׷ΧסԶԾԼʩչ
Ի־һ
⣬նһݻߡݻߵ壬֮ɳȥ߸ոհΧסԣδγЧĺ㱻Իɳȥһ
˳һȱڣһ˰ΧȦһߵǿ߳ȥЩǿߣҪФǳϺʹġ
һɼŲɫĽӰϯ
һǿߣһҽУڿб
ǿߣתӴܡ
ܣ

ʩչԿ׷һӴܵǿߣһͱȥûǿߺ󱳡ǿߣҽ֮ķѡ
ھȺɱǿߺǿߣʱӳ˾ĸǷΧ
̶̵ʱڣжǿ߱ɱźһǿߣһСȺǿߣټǿߣǿ


1596 
ӾͻȻ൱ǿҲͶ̶̺ʱ䲻
ڳİǿߣ඼ûӦ
һУ̫ˡ
ԣ̫뺷ˡݻߵİΧ֮£ȻܺȻͻưΧնɱ塢Ⱥ൱εǿߡ
Ҫ֪𼶱ǿߣκһ֮ڶǶĴڡÿһһȺ˵ǳҪ
˵ξҪзˣź൱ڵһǿ߶ɱھڲź˵ļǿ֮һҲ˿㳡
ྰԣΪǿ
ֲ̫ˣ
ЩˣڻؾڽΪ𣬿ҲǸոͻƶѰôܣôܣ
⾰ǲҿ˵彫Ҫʹ𡣡
ûԵʵȫϯ鳤ͱҪϯ鳤һΪǿ棡
塭
ǿߣһޱ𾪵ķ̾
С
ͱ飬Ť
ڸոյǵʱȻ˲ʧλǿߡĶǿȻ٣ƽһҪʱ䣬Ҳ֮áӣֱӾʧͱôۣܲ
ŭžŭ
ͱ𣬵ˣһŰͱɱȥ
Լͱ𲻸˿Ĵ⣬æ˫̽
ͼ֮ʩչ
Ϸ޴ɫͼ񷶼嫵ܲȻ٣žѹȥ
ԶͼܣٶȲɱͼڵľԣвѾԶһôǿǣȻкܴӰ졣ͱҲǽӽεǿߣʵ֮ǿǺܾ˵ġ
ھٶʱݻѾٴν԰ΧסһΣǺܿγ˺ҪٴγǶҲǺѵġңϷһͱٿصͼԸڡ
ͬʱЩǿߣ򵥵֮ҲŴФǳϳȥˣֱӴ޾ŭԡʮ嶥ǿߣݻ߶ԾԵİΧȦ֮⣬γɵڶܼΧȦ
Щǿߣ׷״߶žԷ
ھҴǿߣǱ˵ʱʵʵĶԶͲҽӽԡ
ΧȦ֮ڵľԣܵĹǳܼӰҲ΢΢𶯡ȻݻߺǿҪɱԣҲԵ̫ˡƾܰݻȫ԰Ȼ

СʵʵΪ֮ǿ
С
ͱһ߲ٿͼܣһʱѾ˲ϸˣֻһͷɱԡ
ݻʹߣ
ͱԶˣڿеİݻʹߡݻҲ֪һЩʲôͱĽкĿ⿴ͱ
Ҫˣԣ̫ǿˡµߣɱģͱ԰ݻ˵
ͱ𣡡
Ҫҳ֣ҲǲԡԵĳ֣ѾԤڡԣҪҳɱøĴۡݻ˸˵
û⣬Ժǿ顣ڣݻʹ㣬ֽСնɱͱӦ˵
ãȻˣұ֣
ྰԣò˵ʵǳҵû뵽壬ȻҲܳȲεǿߡҪɱ㣬֮£ġݻĿӾԣ֮нӽڵλá
֮ϣһ糱ˮһ㵴
㳡ϣĸܵӰݻܲ
ܣڳİǿߣһЩȽС飬һļԺĸоѹ֮µ޷˼һЩͨεǿߣɫס
𣡡
ݻʹߣȻǻǿߡ֮ǰǲ²Ĳݻʹߣһǰݻ֮һ˵ݻļ죬Żεʵ
ûڰݻԳ֣ྰԻֵܵסǿ˶ǿΧټϴϯ鳤ͱͰݻ죬⡭
ǰ㾰ҲлεսҲѵֵҲﵽΣǻȫĻҵᰲȻ뿪ǣߣ廹кܶ뿪˵³ֻһǾ


1597 ѩ׳ȹ
ڳİǿߣȻûԾ˽⣬ǴҲܿвӦò뿪
ߣտʼֱ뿪ʱǰݻûжԾԶֵĴ㡣
䣡
ݻ죬ǿ̽һֱ֧ۣնȻץ
񷣬˲·ƿ
ϿյͼžҵĶתĺڰ˫ɫŤ
ݻ죬žԳˡ
԰Χмݻߣ˲Ϣһľ룬ݻߣȻγɺԾΧ
ݻߵϵ⣬Լһɱģ塣ͱʱݻߣ֮䶼໥ϵңǵϵԺܶ࿪˵Ⱥע
ΪˣԵڻûնɱһݻߡ
սݻҲǾź൱ǣݻߣҪźɱöࡣ
ۣ
һƬɫĻȻԸǹȥ
Աء
ƬĻƻʵ򼫿졣ûܣевԶЩ
ͷİݻʹߣʵȷʵǿޱȡ
̾ϼڶӰޣϻ֮ܣǸĻնһ
˻˻
â˲Ϣ֮ɫĻӴһ̶ִļ
ڶ߽ĵطǵصĺɫ·̼ԲǧƽǵϿնǣڡ
񱩵㳡ܵĻռֱ
ۣ
еĲϼһ촫ֱ鿪
鱦εĲϼ޷ײĶ顣
ĲɫƬջ䡣
ԿžԸĻҲ֮ѳɴСС顣ЩѵĿֲĻƬȻԵ
飡
Ե֮׹䡣
ǿǹǿԵ棬һɫ·ֳ
Щɫƣÿһɢļµ
ӳؾ⻹ǾԵ磬һδ߷ɫֵĹ
ˣȻȫһʹ
ǿߣȻݻʵɱȰͱǿˡ׹ĹУҲĶŰݻ졣
һһԵҲݻɱһǣԼҪ԰ݻ죬ݻԼǿ߹
þЩ
㹻ǿǾڵĴѾܲˡǿʱû֮ǡ
׹һξ󣬾Ӱ͵һ·ڶ
ʲô
ݻֱӹȻûˣ
ϢȻһЩ仯ЩƺδݻιȻûܶԾ̫Ӱ졣
ףֲ̫ˣԵôģѵʵѾǻ𣿡
ǲࣿ
ҶǻĳʼˣǿֻгʼӵаɣڻڣҲвǿƣ཮򸽽ħ壬ʹĿ档ǣħȺҲôǿɣ
Եķٴȫǿ߼°͡
ྰԣȻûʧ
ܺãǳã̫ҲֵԳ֡˵ʵڶ㣬һЩȤˡЩҲ޷ɱ֮󣬱㽫ʬ壬ȥúоҵҪƾʲôôǿݻžԣתĿ˵
ߣɱҵ˲٣ĸУԺĲм˵
治⣬оԿɲҴ⡣ӰȻǿҲ޵еġһ繥ڶӰĳԼҲһġ
ʱ򣬴ФǳϣҲ֮Եý겻ھǿʵֵľԻᱻǰݻɱﾰԣڰͱͰݻȺֺǾͲ岻ˡ
£ǿȥǲﲻԣӰ쵽ԣþԷġ
Фǳϣô죿ԵʵȷʵǿӦǴﵽ˻ΰɣǰݻ죬ҲǻΡԵӦÿ俹⡣ǣǰݻ컹ôİ֡Фǳϵ˵
ʵ̫ͣ޷ﾰԡФǳҡҡͷ
˵˵ʱ򣬰ݻٴζԾԷݻȫ£緭һ¶ƥ

ಡ
һɫӰ˸뵽֮ڡ
һϮѩ׳ȹٻӰڽ뿪Ǻ΢פ㣬Ŀ漴㳡λá


1598 ѩ
ѩ׳ȹŮܿռ΢΢Ťʧԭء
һ̣Ѿڿ㳡ıԵλá
ߣӿ㳡ģڱΧ֮еľԡ
ԡȹŮӵૡ
֮УЩ
۸ԣЩ쵰ȹŮ漴ڿ㳡Ͽ쳹
ʱȫİǿߣʶ㳡ԵһˡڳȹŮӳ֮ǰǾȻûһ˲Էĵ
һĿ⣬תȹŮӵϡ
ȹŮӣֱ̧𣬿ռڣ·γһΪģɢЩƲûжܣȴвһ־ηĸо
ʲôˣ
ͱݵһתųȹŮӣŭȵ
ӰȹŮ˵ĻУԿŮӦ뾰ʶǾԵѡ
ڶԾԹİݻ죬ȴ΢΢һ
ֻ࣡ǣƺܲ򵥣Ѱ𡣡ݻת˼ֽ䱸
ȹŮϲ˪ûͱѯʡ㳡Ͽգһܿȫ̿ţѩͻȻ֡ЩѩƮƮķ裬ѩƮĵص㣬ЩΧԵǿߡ
Сĵ㣬ЩѩЩ֣òҪݻһ˵
ԼݻߡЩǿҲ
ܿҪӴѩͱĿݻѰݻߵҲԼȺǿߡ
ʱƮѩѾǿʼӴͼ
ͱٿͼΪŵĶѩҲйעͼı仯ѩӴͼʱ۾ɴࡣ
ף
ƺûʲô仯ûκѹͱüͷ΢΢壬ʶһ䡣
׼ãͼǿĹǣоͼƺûжı仯ЩƮѩûԼеôǿûѩ̺ǿĹ
ݻҲüٴοһϮѩ׳ȹŮӡ
ô᣿
Ҹоͨ𡣵ǣĹȻûͼκƻݻЩѵԼжϴˡ
ҵǾʲô˲õǿԮҲͱЦһм˵
ţ
ʱ򣬱仯Ȼ֡
ϵͼۿɼٶȿʼͺڻһ㡣ŽѩԽԽ࣬ͼЦٶԽԽ졣
ֻգ۵ʱ䣬ͼ˴룬ۿžҪʧ
ʲô
ܣͱɵˣɫޱȵѿ
ţͼǳ׵ڸɾѩ轵䣬ƽ·ΧԵǿߡ
ЩѩͬѰܿ
ɢǧҪѩӴΣա
ݻߺǿߣ׷׺ȳҶҪܿ
ǣҪʱǺȻ֣Լ壬·뵽֮СܵĿռڣһεѹƶǽתޣٶȻ
һЩʵԵһЩǿߣÿһҪķѺܴۿţѩҪ䵽ǵͷ
⡭
㳡ϵİǿߣһҲĿɿڴ
ųȹŮͻȻ֣ǶܳԾΪǾȻûзְȹŮӵĵȹŮӳ֣ѩ֮ǵж룬ЩѩĹѩ䵽ͼϵʱͼûʲôҲɺܿѸȫ߽⡣
Ůˣʲô
֮УôֳһǿĴڣѵŮˣҲбϯ鳤ͱʵ
꣬λ𣿡Фǳ΢΢˿ѯߵĴ
ҡͷ˵δ֮УҲûһλڡʵȻѰΡ
ţʵӦüǿǻҪǿܶࡣФǳϵͷ˵
ФǳϵĻ΢΢һ㶡
ФǳϻҪǿܶ࣬ǲǵóԽһѵҲǽӽǿߣ
壬ʲôʱôһֲǿߣһԣѾ˷˼ˡڣֳһӽεǿߣЩ𣬾Ȼȫ֪
ԾԻãϾȻᣬһɳ㼣Ƕ֪ȹŮӣǾȫûκϢˡ
ӰȹŮϵϢȷ塣ңӦ뾰ԷǳϤ
ô˵λǿĵѰﾰԣӦþɶˡФǳҲɳһ


1599 ѩ
רڵļߣҲܲѣϲɫԱ
տ糾𣬶޷Ĺעв֪ȹŮӵĵ֪һ֡
ѩڷУͻȻÿ
һѩɵѩӳڳ֮С
ۣ
ѩתһǿ߳ȥ
ǿߣҪ뿪ƬѩǵĿռ䡣ѩʱһʱͼȫҪֵ
飡ǿߣֱӵɳȥϢ˥пѪ
鲢δ˽ѩڻǿߺһѩϣֳһѩشǿ߷ȥ

ǿߣĲҽһֱڻΪޡ
һ൱ڶͳ켶ǿߣɴնɱ
ǿ߱նɱѩͣЪһǿߡ
飬ֻ൱ʵѩӽĹУͱɢһס
ͱҲǷĽк
ǰѾͳǿ߱նɱͬǿ߱ͻȻֵĸŮնɱ壬ʧĸͳ졣
ʧðͱޱȵۡ
ӶֱۣͼٴֵֶŰռѩ
ݻǣҲЩɵˡݻߣĴ߷ѿռѾ̵ᵽѩĿֲв
ݻ죬뾰ԼҵĽ֮СûݻߺǿߵĹѹἫࡣ԰ݻĹԿ࣬ȻҪɱݻҲǺѣݻҲûκΰ취
ԵĿ⣬ŰȹŮӡ
ѩ
ѩ׳ȹŮӣ뾰һ͵İѩ
Իڵ͵ʱ򣬰ѩͱһ˽ȥӴѶҲͨܶѰҰѩһֱûκϢ
ȴ벻ڿǣ˰ѩңѩʵ˵Ŀֲ
󣬰ѩôġߵһգжδԵɰѩֵõĻԵأ
Բ֪ѩôʱںδȷѩ϶཮཮̶ֳȣȺض֪
ʱȻѯʵʱ
ѩң
ԶŰѩһ䡣
ѩԣףһ˫ĿھԵϡ˲׾Ե˼
ռޣ
򣡡
ԽʩչռֱڰݻϡݻȻǻ𣬿ھʩչ֮£ȻܵصӰ졣
漴Եռ򣬾Ͱ˰ݻ졣
ݻҲǼ׷Ͼԡ
һ˲䣬ԳھͱĲԶ
ͱڲٿͼֵѩٿصѩɵѩͱԵúܳѩײ֮Уͼڽڰˣϵıȫ߶뵽ͼڣͼضѾʧ
ԼоаѩŮˣǻ
ͱ𿴵ԼһĿǾ֡
ӰгˣԵĿ£ĿõġԿѩͬʱԾԵĹΣա
ֻǣȴϷŹһ٣Ʊ˳ȥӰ߶
ھ֮ռֱ
䣡ͱٶȣȻȲϾԡ
ǣԵ籩ͻȻʱ˶ݵͣ١ָʱ򣬾ԵӡѾͷ
һߣѩҲֵ˽һЩѩѾմϡЩѩÿһƬ̺˵ܡѩÿһմŲһ£Χķһ֡
žԵӡصӡڰͱϡ
ͱܵķ֮ɢ
ò˵ɱͱ𲢲Ǻܼ򵥾ȻǴﵽΣͱҲǽӽεǿߡǵԵɱǾɱͱ𣬿϶ҪķһЩʱ䣬пܱߡ
аѩϣγ־ͷǳĳɹ
ͱڣľ֣һױȵƻӿʱʶԼ군ˡ
ͱ۾ܣɢЩУŰͱ
ڣͱʬ壬ӿ׹䡣
һӽεǿߣڲǰеĴͳǿߣʹ䡣
ȫİ飬ȫˣһ׹İͱʬ壬˼άֹͣת


1600 ˫
ͱλӽεǿߣֵοϯ鳤涼м
ǰݻ԰ͱȻ֮ϲôҲԸӵ̬Ի
һλڣȻôնɱˡ
ȫǿߣţðΣûӦ
ڻɱͱ֮һռٴʩչǿɱȥѩҲ֪ԵͼѩһΪķѩдǿڡ
Щǿ֮ǰȻ뺷ʱҲˡȺǿ߰ͱ𶼱ɱЩͳ죬ôܵסԺǸаѩŮӣ
߰˸ͳ죬Ӵܡ
ǣƮѩ˫ѹ֮£ҪѣҲһ׵顣
վȻֻǿ˿ǹ㳡ΪݻǣƣЩһӲ
ݻ
ڣֵ֮ˣ
ͳ㳡󣬾Ҳûȥ׷תݻ죬еͳ˵
ʱİݻ죬ûиտʼʱôˡ
˵˵ݻʱѾ⡣֮ԻҪһ⡣ðݻ죬ǿˣǾ̫ˡ
ݻǻеĴ
ߣҵҪôˣݻӲ˵
ĿһתݻߵϡѩһۣѩٿƮѩݻϯȥ
ԣǶ԰ݻ췢һ籩ðݻʧһգʱ䣬Լٽӽݻߡ
ݻȻкֶΣԾԺͰѩֲȻֵסңݻУ֮ǰˡ
һ棬Անɱһ˵İݻߡһ飬ǰγɵĺֶΣܾǴȵĽˣӵֵסԵĹ
ɶ񣡡
ԣһһɱ𣿡ݻԼնɱļ٣ٶޣҪסԡ
ǣռľԣٶռݺܴơȻ˵ڹݻߵʱᵢʱ䣬ǾһĲݻݻڶʱҲûиõİ취ֹԡ
ڰݻһŭȴ󣬵ڶݻ߱նɱ
ߣ뿪ǣݻߡ
ǻŵݻߣڵõݻ󣬶Ӵܶȥ
Ӵ֮Уһ鱻Ի˼ʱɵֻݻ߳ɸѳȥ⻹ΪаݻϺԵʡ
ݻ죬뾰ԺͰѩ˶š
ݻ죬ڿ㲻ܴӰͱлóˡǣǰݻʧɲСǼߣڰݻУӦҲܶɣ۾ȵ
ݻɫҰĶڵѪ
ǵߣǰݻеһεǿߡÿһĵһȡǣһǿߣȻֻ˳ȥ
صݻܻܲҪһΪμݻǿ߸ȥһΣ롣
ɶ񣡡
ྰԣ㲻Ҫ⡣ɱҰݻߣ͵ųܰݻŭɣݻŹ㣡ݻȵ
ݻ죬˵֮ǰҪȿԼʲôطǿǡطǿˡݻߣ뿪ҪɱʧأѵǾȡ𣿡Цһ
Уݻ죬뿪ֻ²ףֲһ䡣
ԣǬȡһ鱦ĲϼѾ⣬ֻȡһʹá
ô㻹ҲɣݻЦ˵ʵȻǿѾﵽΡҪңֻ㻹
һˣȷʵס㡣аѩҡЦ˵
ѩѾ˾ԵĶ棬ڰݻԶԺͰѩһǰһ󣬶԰ݻγ˼лʽ
ݻ΢΢һĿһİѩҲЩġ
ǹݻ켱תŰѩȥ
֪ʵ޷κξԡǳԣǲκЧԣİѩĻᡣҪնɱѩֻҪѩˣҵ뿪
ѩݻϱûκα仯ֱչ֮䣬һƬƬӨѩ֡
ݻ죬ֻоܵһ㼫ǿӡܵĿռڣǿҵѹȸС
ݻ죬Ϊѩ׶ԸһЩ𣿺ǺǣѵڻûȷѩҲǿ𣿡Ѹ׷ȥͬʱЦ˵


1601 ͬһ͵
ԵĻݻͷݺһ
ʵ֮ǰѩֵļ󿴣ݻǻɰѩܴﵽΡֻǣɷǳס
Ҫ֪ڻ֮Уʼ֮ҪﵽǷǳǳѵġ
еĸȺڣһǷǳĲסȺȻԳȺĸֶֹη࣬Ҫﵽο˵ȺܶȺҪѣǵ̫ˡ
ڣһƺ𣬰ݻ쵱ȻšԴﵽΣ֮ǰųֵĽаѩŮˣѵҲǻ
ܰٷְȷ
ǲδãܿȷˡ
ѹȫһξ룬ŰѩֹȷѩҲǻˡ
ȫһ֮£ȻûռκαˡаѩŮˣȻȫסȥ·
ҪǣѾ׷Ѿоһɼǿɱϯ΢΢ĿͿһɫ˺ѳ
ݻ첻òȫֵӦԵĹ
䣡ɨ֮£ݻܵѹ֮ö˵
ֻӦһ˵Ĺ˵ǣǰѩҲٿѩɵѩҲŻصܺݺ˺ҧ
ݻ͵סλĺڵɳȥʱȫϢѾǳҡ
࣡
ԣɸҵԵɱݻ漱ˡ
ڵ͵סԺͰѩ֡ܣҲͬ⾰ԺͰѩпֲǻҲ޷׵İˡ
Ե
ݻ죬Ц֮ǰ£ΧɱҵʱôûҪԵɱƲƲ˵
˵ͬʱеĹû˿ͣЪ
ڼ̵ʱڣԾͷʮιݻϢԽԽҡȥᱻɱ
ɶ񣡿ɶǵţǸҵţҰݻԲŹǣݻŭ
ͻȻϣһ˳Щٵ۳һӰǰݻģɫӰ𽥱ʵ
Уһģһİݻ졣
ʲôֶΣԿݻ죬ɫһ
ԣѩǼסˣ֮ձرݻͬʱڣ˵ȫһ£ͺһ˵
ಣݻ죬ͬʱɴܡ
ȤȻֱֶΡԶݻӴܵӰһһ׷ȥ
ѩ޷ݻȫ£ֻܻɱһԶ԰ѩ˵
ţѩͷҲ׼˾׷Ǹչ
ݻ죬ܿͱԺͰѩֻɱһͳɹˡ
ǿϧˣˡҡҡͷ˵֮ǰܻӣʧҲֽܴ壬ÿһǳǿ壬¶ǷǳҪġ
ԣҲǲ²⡣
ǵһμܽѣγ塣
ֹ˵󷨡ֹһʩչ޸˺ղǸݻ죬Ժʵѻָ۷״̬ˡѩ˵
еߣһ˫ĿžԣĿϲ⡣
ԡѩžԡ
ѩ𳤽
ʱФǳϡٷй
𣡡ͬʱԾԹ
εǿ߰
Фֻ˼ʮʱϼһҲδǿߡ
ڻ棬Ѿվ۷ˡǱʼεĴڡ
ФǳϣҸǽһ£λǰѩԶЦЦҽܰѩ
ѩ𣡡ֹĶ԰ѩ
šѩ΢΢˵ͷ
ѩһݡ֪Ҳһ͵硣ѩҳͬһ͵硣ڵ͵磬ǾͺϤˡԼ˵

ФǺ𣬴𾪵黥һۡ
ǣܸоѩϢҲȷѩࡣǣ˵ѩǳͬһ͵磬̫ˣ̫ˡ
ĵ͵磬ţë
཮оŸ硣ÿһ磬ǧɡÿһ򣬶ͨĵ͵硣ǿߣҲ֪Ŵһжٵ͵硣
ڣͰѩ𣬾Ȼǳͬһ͵硣
ĪǣǸ͵ʲô֮ɣֻѰĵ͵磬ôܳλ
ô״ﵽôҲἸʮ궼ûˡ


1602 Ů洵
ϣʱҲ̨Լ߷ɹ
𣬰ѩ𣡡⼸ϣžԺͰѩ
ᣬһоλϣλ飬ž뿪˿ǡһλϣȻûɱҲ˿ǡµУźͬǱնɱȥһФǳϣҲֻʣλϡ
λϣֱԴڤ塣
ʱ⼸᳤ϣ̬ȶΪǰģǻǿߣ鳤ͬεĴڡң飬Ժ벻ǿʢˡ
ڤ壬ҲûùϵǵȺڣɲڻεǿ顣
λϲض񡣡԰ڰ˵
ѩֻǶԼϵ˵ͷû˵
ˣʵ񼫣ǰͱȻҶʵ๼룬ǰ鳤֪£ҲһΪͱңͱùݻߣΪءһԴĳϻ˵
ڵѾˣὫҪϴƣϯ鳤ѡȱְλҲճЩȱҪµȥΡ
λ峤˵Ծ֪˼
ſ˵İͱȷʵ飬ҲȫᡣԣҪϵһ壬ڲ̬ʲôġ֪ڸģҶΪͱô᳤ϣǿԸһλӵġΪͱʲô뷨ĻҲǡ
о壬ȺܴǲʺϳΪ֮һԼ˵
ȷʵ񾫹壬һվԶ˵ǼΪ߶µľǿߡ
˵ûǿ뿪ٿᣬгȥΪеȺȻڵĶеȺ֮ѡһ֮С峤ϵͷ˵
ڤĳϣҲʾͬ˵£Ӧ鳤֣鳤˴ʱڿǣҲ֪ʲôʱܹǵȴܵ顣ԣ뾰λ顣
ңü
һҪæļϣ˵
ðɣȻˣ죬ٿᡣԵ˵ͷ
ڼ˵ʱ䣬տˣҲȺϡ֪˰ͱɱݻʧ룬ݻ춼ʩչ󷨲ߣһá
˵ԵˣѩҲǻǿߺУ¶ϲɫ
Фǳϣ鷳ǴɨһսЩҪѩ̸̸ԶФǳ˵
ãФǳӦ

ԺͰѩ뿪㳡һƧ֮
ѩô֪ڿǵģѯʰѩ
ʱ򣬾෽̽ѩϢûѶԾԲȷѩû磬ڻһط
ʦ˵ģʦϢʦҲȥ཮֪һЩϢ֮ǰң˳֮ǰʦ˵˿ǣܻһЩ鷳ԣҲ̹Ȼ㡣ѩ˵
ʦԵ
ͻȻӵ͵뿪ʦߵġΪͻȻҲҲ»ص͵㣬ʦ˵ᵽĻᡣѩ˵
ţڵ͵ʧҲ෽Ѱ㣬ҵһЩ˿ϱһ˽ȥʱҾ룬ǿһռͨԵͷ
ѩʦʲô飿漴ʡ
ʦǻĳʼ飬Ůѩ
Ů۾΢С
ѩʦǳʼ飬ܲµ򣬰ѩôôͽΣңѩλʦһǶĳʼ顣һĳʼ飬û
ȻѩһҲŶ츳
ˣλŮﵱҲὫѩӵ͵ֱӴߣΪӡ
ţʦŮǰ¶棬Կܺ˵ʦһ㣬Ůʦ˵Ůڻܴ󡣡ѩͷ˵
Ůһ
ڻؾڣĦ濪ٵʱһλŮ洵Ůӡ壬λŮ洴塣
Ҳ˵ѩʦŮĽ㣬ܾܿԼĦ濪ʱλŮ洡Ů洺Ů裬Ӧڻ濪ٵʱͬʱġ
ǵģŮڻӦúܴġŮܾúܾǰʧˡѩ˵


1603 Դ֮
ʧ٣
ü
ڻУȷʵĿΣաǿĴڣҲΣղò
ҲԼ֪һЩһĳʼ飬ںвٶѶˡЩʼ飬еĿʲôط¶棬еĿѾһ֮ڡ
Ůп뿪һ档ڣŮӦòûκιŮϢ
Ůﶼ֪ŮϢ𣿡ʵ
ţʦѰ棬ҲûѰŮԣܹŮѩЩɻʵ
ӾԵһЩ쳣
֮ǰǻؾʱҽУĦһ濪ٹ̡ǾУҼŮѩ֪Ůûи㣬Ůﴴ顣Ե
ѩԴһ¡
ȻŮ貢δ¡
ʦû¡ѩҡͷ
ʦһֲ²⣬˵Ů뿪һ档ʦ˵沢Ψһġң֮⣬һԴ֮صĵطԴ֮أܹӣȻݻɻ档ѩ˵
ʶ˵ͷ֪ԼڹĦ濪ʱĺɫԭ㣬ܾǰѩ˵ӡ
ֻǣԴ֮ʲôĵط
ѩŮ˵Դ֮صϢ𣿡ʵ
ûУԴ֮أʦ֪ϢҲǺܶࡣһԴ֮飬һΪǿ顣ʦǰһĸоˣǸԳƺɵˡѩĿӿֳһĨɡ
ʦ˵ǺɵǸ߲εѩžԡ
զࡣ
ŮﶼۣǺɵˣʲô
־˵ΣֵʲôΣѵΣԴ֮أ
ѩһ̸Եõ˲ǰδŵϢ
Ҳ֪ԼʵʵʲôԼȻﵽĲΣɽһڣ𶼲޵еġͱǰݻ죬Ҳǻ󻹲ǱԺͰѩȵʩչ󷨲ѵ

Фǳϣ
弸ǿߣһĵФǵǰ
Ф̧̧üһ
Щ뾰˵ǿֽĿת
˵ʲôʵ
֮ǰԾһЩĵطǸԭ¡ǿһĻ⡣
ȺӲ
֮ǰǾ۸üۡڣһӳˡ¾ҪǾ߳壬ǻҾԵǸ
壬һȺͷ
Ҫ½⣿Ǻǣ᲻ǣɲ˵ЦЦ
֮ǰȷʵвԵĵطԾԴˣ壬дڣҲʶԼĴֻǸǿߺƤ˵
𣬻λǾ壬ǣܹǾһλᣬڴҶǿ˵ķϡǿ׼ôˡ
ǻǣ糾ȵ
֪Լǰ˺ĸ飬Ϊ˱Ǹ⣬׼⳥ǿһϿҡ
Ȼλ𣬵ǾǿҲ֪λѩһͲǺ˵ңλѩƺֻں𡣾˼ѩӦǲᷴԣֻҪԭǾ壬ǰѩǱ߾û⡣
ˣһᾰһ˵˵ġФǳϰ˰֡
лФǳϣлλ𣡡ǿЦֵл
˵º󣬾Щ͹˺뿪
ֹһᣬԺͰѩһͬص㳡
Фǣ㽫ǿߵ˼˵һ¡
⾫飬ƤĹ񡣡ЦЦ
𣬾һˡǿˣ;ηСˣ̲һš
˵ҪҪЩ飿ФǳҲЦ˵
Ϊʲôǲ˵Ҫ⳥ʧ𣿡̧ü˵
ҽǹ㡣ǿдģ֪᲻ǡФǵͷ˵
ǿǣ˵Ըǣһޱȵ˷ܣ̱ФǳԵǰ
ͷЦ
ˣ뾰ԴˣԭССľǰµĴ󡣶ź컹нͼԴɱǣǾ鶼м㡣弸ǿ˵ͼźʱ򣬶ҧгݡ


1604 ´ϯ鳤
ۿ⼸ǿߡ
룿
ǲô˵һ뷨ɣǣǲжҼǺޣ
ôһ˵弸ǿ߶ɫ΢΢һס
⼸ǿߣֱӹȥ
ԴˣһҪǵĻǣûκ־Դ˵˼ǿźǾ޴ôǿȺССָܹժģǿߺ޲ö췢ġ
ȷʵҲҲûнڲ٣˾͹ȥ
ԴˣΪ˱ǵǸ⡣Ǿ壬͸һбԴԴҲ֪бԴϡ٣ڣҲûбԴǿ߼˵
һбԴ
⳥ǲᣬԶЩ⣬û뵽徹˴ѪбԴȷʵǷǳǳٵģ཮бԴҲû١˵཮ľŴ磬ÿһ磬һбԴ
ȻЩ磬׳һ̶ȺҲ½һбԴ磬һбԴ
ȷʵʶԼĴ󡣺ܺã壬Ҳȫǲ顣Ե˵ͷ
Ծ⳥ԻǱȽġһбԴԾͿԽԼȱٵбԴ롣ģͽФǳϵ˴
˵⳥ġǽһбԴȫߣȻҲ˵ʲôһЩ׵ԼЩ
лԴˣǿ֪ԼȻô˵ˣǾѾ뾫ƽϣԺֻҪʵʵģͲҪ屨
ػȺʱǲ̫ˡǿߣҲʱԾ¡һ˾ԣ͵òʧˡ
ԴˣһбԴҪǾڴҪһЩʱ䡣ǿ˵
ż⿪ǣҲһʱġ԰ڰ֡
ˣ°ɡԶԾǿ˵
ھ仰˵󣬾飬С˵Զת
ԭ˾壿ǰźͽͼ㶯֡𿪿˵
̸ʲôԭ£ҲΪһȺĳһңұȺΪСңȺԸǷˡҡҡͷ˵
Ҳǣ˵廹Ը⳥һбԴбԴǺöӿ˵
սѾɨеԴ鿴һ¡ФǳϽһָֽݸԡ
ԽӹһɨָֽڵԴ鿴һ䡣
תһЩɫƬȡЩɫ㣬ǲϼγɵƬϼȻֻǺ鱦һֱûܴﵽΣǾòϼʱãҲиˡ
Ʋϼ
һΣϣòϼﵽĲΡ۾зһ¡
ָֽڵԴǺܾ˵ġնɱ飬жĴڣ붼ΡϵԴҪǲǹ¡
ԣƲϼҲȱԴЩɫƬڣ̺ܶԪءƲϼҪõĲϣҲܶࡣ
һѡ󣬾ԴָֽһЩԼҪԼߵҪģԼԶ;Ķģ㶪Фǳϡ
ʣԴ巢չðɡ˵
⡭Фǳ㶡
ö˵ˡЦЦ
գǹ㳡׼ʱС
鳤첻ڣԭϯ鳤ͱѾɱڵᣬҲͼλڡ
ǿߣҲμˡУǼеȺԵ˷ܺͻԾΪϣҪеһΪ塣壬ôԶȾӵнؾĹ̶
죬еȺǿ߾ͷǳĻԾФǳϵйӴŰŵģ¶Ҫæ˼Фǳϲδκ׼ȷĻӦҲ飬ԣһԼҪߺŽ壬ֱӾܾˣһû
̨ϣλ
ϯλõԱߣר׼λǸͰѩġ鳤λʱǿõġ
𣬰ѩɷʼһ峤վԾԹѯʵ
ʼɣ˵
ǣ峤Ӧһ
λϣǵᣬҪ鼸⡣һǴϯ鳤ѡԭϯ鳤ͱʺϼδϯ鳤ְ񣬿ҲѾᣬܳÿȱϯ鳤֮λҪһ£µĴϯ鳤һλ鵣κʡ峤ϻ˵


1605 Ѷ
ԭϯ鳤ͱϯ鳤ֲ֪ڡڵĿǣȷʵҲҪһλˣܶòһЧĽ
оͰѩڿڣǲʲô⡣λˣȻ᳤ͣڿǡ
ѡµĴϯ鳤ǵ֮
λĳϻºλ϶ͷͬ
ô棬λϾͷһ˭δϯ鳤ȽϺʡ峤
ֻλĳϣϣ˼ҲܻԾ
ϯ鳤
ĳϣܶôһ˼һ뵽λǵ˼ҲϨˡϯ鳤λӣֵȥ
ϯ鳤ųɶǿˡ
Ϊϯ鳤ФǳϵαȽϺʡФǳϵ᳤ʱҲܾˣĴȽо顣ңФǳǿߣ뾰𡢰ѩϵȽϷ㡣ڤ峤ϵһ˵
֪ԼûκϣԿھФǳϵδϯ鳤ְ񡣲ФǳܲܳΪϯ鳤áФǳûܳΪϯ鳤λҲڤʲôӡ
λϣϯ鳤λӣȻӦФǳΡҾ壬һֱǳФǳϡФǳϳΪϯ鳤ҾΪ㳡ϵľһǿߣڤ峤ϸո˵󣬽̴˵
ϣѾûϯλϾ֮ǰ壬ʱ˵ȨġᣬǴģģڲ¡
ҪȻҲڿ㳡ٿðڶǿ߶μӡ
ľԣĿ⿴˿ǿߣ΢΢˵ͷ
ǿ߱һֱڹ۲쾰ԺͰѩı飬ʱԶǵͷʾ⣬һ·˼Ѫ˷
ûФǴ˵δϯ鳤ԸϵһʲôԴҪ棬ФǳϵͰѩΪЧһǿҲ˵
ͳ죬˵ĺе
ҲôΪ
вСȺǿߣ׷׸˵
Фǳϣ˼أϣĿ⿴Фǡ
ԭλֵĻѡٴϯ鳤λĳΪϣģҲڳļλ֮УʸϣʵӦҲǿġ
ҲΪϯ鳤
ФǳЩɫ졣
ФҲ֪ûоԺͰѩϯ鳤λӣ϶ֵͷϡԣ΢ЩΪ顣ФǵƤԶԶﲻЩĳ̶ȡ
Դ峤ϵѯʣФЩòס
ФǵĿ⣬ԡ
Фǳϣ
Ҷ֧㵣δϯ鳤ΪôΪӦõʲáֱ˵
ФǳΪϯ鳤ҲԼΪıˡ
ФǳΪϯ鳤ԺһЩô϶ƫ塣ͱ֮ǰǰͱδϯ鳤ʱ򣬸Ū˶ٺô
ؾ߸⻹ǹ̶ֻһѡǵò߸̶ģӦҲ̶
ֻҪФǲ̫ѿȺҲʲôġοڵλڣʵһЩԴƫ壬Ҳ쾭塣
õԴΪʲôôࣿΪ㹻ǿ
˭ǿ˭лȨ
ţ
ϣôϯ鳤ĹҶΪʺϵδϯ鳤ҶʹФǳԵĻҲ˵ɴĴ
峤̾һ֪ФǳΪϯ鳤ǰ϶ˡ
ھԺͰѩǰ˭վ˵Фǵδϯ鳤
˵ˣ˷ԣҲ޼£ֻҪ֧֣ФһԳΪϯ鳤
ФǳϣҲ֧㵣δϯ鳤ְ񡣡λʸϵĴ峤һҧ
һ̬ʣµĴڤ峤ϣҲű̬
Ф鳤ǽᣬ鷳ˡ峤˵
ãФһͷ
վλ뿪׵λ˹ȥ¡
λ
Ҫģǿȱλӡ
һλӿȱϯ鳤Фǣ˵
ֱ䶯֮ǰ鳤ͱǴϯ鳤֮⣬ھŸռϯλռһϯλռϯλڤռϯλռһϯλռһϯλ
ڲϯλôȷʵǿճϵϯλ
̬ȣʡȷѡôҾãϯλҪճһġԣȱϯλһ塣Ȼ󣬻ҪһҪȺôһϯλҪƾһ£һȺ鵣ΡФǴϯ鳤˵
Ф鳤⻹Ҫƾ𣿿϶尡˴ϯ鳤û᳤ϵλˣϯλ϶Ҫ嵣ΰǿ̾ʹ˵
⾫壬Щ˼ʱȷʵܰء͵˵һ䡣
ʱ򣬾ôֳˡԱԾûκκøеģʱ΢ıһЩ
ƾٴϯ鳤᳤ϵ飬ҲʺֱӿڡȻ𣬵Ͼ鳤϶ǡ˵δϯ鳤ϣЩʣҲûôƤ
ðȫ֧֣ʡȥ˾Ե鷳
ţֻҪõĺãôġѩھߣҲ˵һ䡣
ԣûûгϯλ˵ֻһϯλЩˣϯλϯλźʡһǿ߸˵
ԣҪһϯλ
֧ӵгϯλ
һЩСȺǿߣŽ
Фְ仯δϯ鳤ְôڳϯλУûǿߣȷʵʡϵϯλƾһλǿߴˣܺʡڤһλ˵
һλڤ峤ϣҲ˵ƵĻ
ĳһˣҲֻܱʾͬ⡣
ȻҶ˵ôλϯλǿߵΰɣϯ鳤Ф΢Цŵͷ˵
һ£һеȺ澫λáФ˵ʱĿ⿴·ЩϣеȺ
Ф˵仰֮⼸еȺǿߣ㶼һ
ǹϵȺδĴ¼
еȺǿ֮䣬նʱùռڣ⿪һɻҩζ
ϯ鳤ˣλϴˣҰ׾оλߣеȺУǵʵһָԣϣᣬܿǽǰ׾Ϊ塣׾ǿߴ˵
׾ţҲ൱ĲΡλߣҲˡҪ֪ԾҲʮѡͳ죬Ҳͬʮڤڤ΢һЩҲڶʮʮ֮䡣
׾壬ȫǿԵġ
׾ʵ൱еȺĸӡ
һ׾ǿô˵⼸еȺҲ׷׿ڣûһõġʱ򣬿ɲõĺʱ
λϣΪأФ鳤ļλʵ
һ飬յľɰ׾Ϊ塣׾ܹʤҪ˾֧֡׾ƺ˽׾дЭ顣
ְ֧׾壬ϾڶԾһЩøУҲ˵һ仰仰ð׾ͻΧ
˽󣬽ͼ򵥶ˣҪȥ壬ڲڶԿʲô̬ȡ˳ˣǿҲڿˣΪͱ˵³Ӧãôỹһϯλ塣
壬վǴ壬Ⱥڲ൱εǿߣнٸ֮ࡣǺܴģΪˣԾԲŻῼǸһᡣ
˳ˣᵼ˵ʵһΡڣӽεǿߣҲǰͱǸεģҲкüǼӽǿ֣ǾǾԳ֣Ҳκǡ

ǿ߾ۼһ֮ڡ
֮У˭Ƚʺϵγأϯ鳤ФǣĶԾѯʡ
Կ˿ʦտ
Уտγϡǣʦտ²ŸոսΪʵϲһЩտܴﵽһΣԿ϶ԥտĳϡ
룬ԻǴͷû㹻ʵȷʵҲʺϵĳϡ
Ƭ̣Բ˵𣬲ͺܺ𣿡
Цſ
᳤ϣҾͱڿǡǣҲס཮򡣡ҡͷ˵
̬ȽϼȻװģȷʵΪĳϡ
ǲ뵣ĳϣǾҪϢڣڲһλȽϺʡԵͷ˵
ã˽Ϣڲϯ鳤Ф̵


1606 
཮ĻУ
һӰ֮ڡνӰȻҲС
νʦ֣㼱żǣʲôҪ鷢һӰνӰʵ
ڸղţνͻȻͨﴫѶǡ
ȱʣȴҶˣϸ˵˵˵ûȷʵ˴¡νתĿ˵
Ŷ
ˣѵħٴ཮ˣ
νʦ֣ȻӲ˵
ѾӳӰǣһ̸
Ƭ֮мӰͶ
ˣνʱĿ΢΢һ˵һ䡣
λȰһ¡ν
λӰ㶼ȫνҲС
νʦ֣Ϳ˵ɣ⼱ӣܲ˵θڡһλЦ˵
ʵղȻǲħģ཮򣬵ҲΪֿжħ֣ӦõõϢŶԡעħ嶯𣬿ɲһֻҪЩħ뿪ħ򣬱ǵĸӦ
ţǹڿǵһЩ顣ν΢Ц˵
ǣؾʱ䣬ؾӦѾ˰ɣһλü˵
ڽӽ཮Ƭ磬뿪ǷǳңԶģѶϢݺѼʱҲ޷ѶϢǴӿǴѶ཮򸽽Ǵ཮򸽽ѶǣҪǰС
νʦ֣ѵһλؾ֣һλӦǱȽϿ죬뵽ֿܡ
֣ôȷʵǴ£ν𽫴ҶټҲϾĳǷǳѵġڵ壬Ҫܳһλµ
ڻؾĻУڳ𶼻ܸˡ
ţҲ֮ǰõϢ壬ȷʵµ𡣵տӦҲ֪Ѿ̤𾳽磬Ϊ𡣡νͷ
տ֮⣬壬еڶʳɹ𣬱ֻ֡ǣȴǲˡν̾
ʲô
䣿
֪ȷʵ츳ǳߡڿǣֽ𾳽磬䣿λɫһ
ǰݻɱ𣡴ϯ鳤ͱݻᣬݻ߷뿪ǣҪФǳϡǿȫɱ𣬱ڰݻߵСν𻺻˵
λ΢΢һ㶣ȫ¶ŭı飬ϯ鳤ͱ
ͱҲˣΪͱѾˡνתĿ˵
ڸո˵ϢʱҲǸеǳĲ˼飬ͲϢġǣʵȷʵˡͱǸӽεǿߣˣǿ߾ԵС
ǰν˾ͻħħߴǾɱڿߴӦǿȷھСԳΪ֮ʵѾܹնɱϯ鳤ͱˡ
νЩɣǲѾǻˡֻǣӿǱϢҲǷǳϸֻͳ˵һ£νʱԿǾ巢飬Ҳû̫˽⡣
ͱˣ
λٴδסˡ
ͱô
ǿǽӽεǿߣǿĴϯ鳤ңͱ𱳺Ⱥ壬ǿнǿȺǿƵİͱ𣬾ôˣ
λȲҪҵĻҽ˵ꡣνЦЦ
ڣ˵һ仰ᱻϡ
νʦ֣˵ɣǲˣ˵֮ǰǲһλ˵
Ҳͷ
šν˵ϯ鳤ͱ𹴽ݻҪɱФǳϵʧͼʲߡ֮󣬾Եɱݻ߲һ˰ݻߣնɱİͱȻҵõϢûо˵ԵĿǰľʵ룬̶ֳȵĻǾԿǻǿˡ
ڣĴϯ鳤ҲµѡФǡФǳϣǴϯ鳤ݡҵõϢФǴϯ鳤˴ġϢл˵Ƽһѡǰǵĳϡ
ĿǰҲڿǣص཮ߣڿǡ
λҪƼһѡǵĳϡνһҪ˵Ļŵ˵˳
ӳӰλһĿɿڴν˵Щʵ


1607 뿪
Фǳϣ˿ϯ鳤
Եѣǻεǿߣ
찡
Ծ֮УӽĶûУҪĻˣ
Ϣίʵǣ޷š
ǣԵֳնɱ˰ͱͱҲǽӽεǿߡҪնɱͱ𣬿ɲһ׵顣οͱ𱳺ǿ壬ڿڿ϶дǿ߾ۼԶ԰ͱ֣ǿ߻޶
˼ȥƺǻĿ
νʦ֣ҿͶµһЩȥǵγϰɣһλȳ˵
Ҫοĳϣʵ̫Ϳ϶СһһεΣűȽϺʡ֮лԾʺϵ᳤ϵĲࡣԼ뵣γϣҲûжôҵᡣ
ԣνʦ֣ɣ
Ҳͬν᳤ϡФǳϳ˴ϯ鳤νʦֵĳϣҲФ鳤顣ԺĻؾʱФʦֺνʦҲܶȡ̶

λ׷׷Ƿǳ֧νǰǵγϡ
ȻǶ֧ңҲͲƴˡҵִ￪Ǻ󣬴ν˵ͷ
νʦ֣ÿȷڵ׷ʲô顣оԵѣǲĳΪˡˣɾҪˡӵлȺ벻ǿѡһ²˵
ԶԶԣ壬ϾҪˣҲ׷׿ڸ͡
ʱҴš
Եˣľסڿ֮ڡ
Ϣˡϯ鳤ФǣҴԣһ˵
ţΣ΢Цʵ
ˡڵ壬Ϸֳϵһϵ⣬ҪΪͱ鸴һϵʾͱǰһʱ䣬ϵǿ߷һսǣ塣Ф鳤ŵ˵һ顣
ѣ
ǣû뵽Ϊ·ѡ
Ҳáֳϵ壬־һڲսʵϺɲСҲ׿һЩ
֧ѾжλǿǰǣдݹѶϢǣҪʾǸ⡣Ф鳤˵
ţԣҾͶڿǶһЩʱ䡣Եͷ˵
ֹµʱ䣬֧ɵĶλ˿ǣǰݷµĴϯ鳤ФǣȻФǴǹݼԡ
Ϊ׵飬Ҳһӽεǿߡλǿھǰǹû취ǰ࣬һλ𣬰ͱλСңǰݻ죬ҲǸĴ۲ӳǡ
ڵ壬ɲһˡ
ȥλǿ߻ЩƲ壬ӵλڡǰҲõͷˡ
λѲض񡣡԰ڰ֣Цǰǿǡ
λ̬ȣҺ⡣ʱ֤ǵѡȷġԼǰ˵
ǵȺ̫һЩȺ֮һЩڤ粻ĻˡЩ飬ǱҲûκκøСԴӦѾ˵һȺѺõ飬Ѿ˳ȥΪ׵ǿ̾Ϣһ˵
˵ˡԵͷ
Դˣһ롣Щ֧Ѻõ飬뷴ɱģɱϣ㷽³ְ֧һѡͷ˵
˵ɵȻѾ룬ôǾͲˡѡжԣǾĵˣҲҾԵĵˡǣҲġ˳˵
λǿ߶ʾл
Ф鳤ĵѾˣǾһǸ᳤ϵϯλɡԶһԵФ˵
õģФǵͷ
ФǴ뿪
ѩߣҲȶˡǣʱ뿪ˡԶ԰ѩ˵
ȥ𣿡ѩ̧üʡ
һʱ䣬Զ԰ѩԼľҲ˹ڸ߷顣ѩ֪߷Ŀǰ硣
ԣȥ硣ҲкܾãûˡԵͷ
ãǾͳҲһѩѩҲ˵ͷ
˲δФǵ˴кֻ֮ǰһξԵʦտտ֮󣬾Աѩ˿ǣڻпǰУλüٸȥ
ھԺͰѩ뿪һºν˿ǡ


1608 
νִλҲӭӣϯ鳤Фǡ
ʵνФʹ𣬶ǵһελ֮䣬ʵϻвֲ࣬಻ܴڲһεҲƽƽġ
Фʦ֣
Եأ
νδ཮򸽽ǣһΪ᳤ϵְһҲԡ
Ѿ뿪ˣڲ֮ǰνʦ죬ͿԿˡФ΢Ц˵
𣿾ĳΪˣνһ
ʱνѾ²⾰ԿǻˡڵõȷϣνȻǰ಻סе𾪡
ţȷʵ̤𾳽ˡǰͱ𣬾ǾնɱġڵѾѣһ֧彻ãһҪΪͱ𸴳𡣲ҲҪģǷ˵ҪСһЩ°ӣǵľɲӲФ˵
νʦܣ壬ɲֻһλŶ壬оͰѩλˡ˵
ʲôν΢΢һ㶡
νı飬ڳλʣ¶Цݡ
𣬽ѩҲνһ顣
⡭̫˰ɣλ壬벻ѰλΪ֧ڻУЩһﻹ壡ν˵
ûǰһֱħвǺǣǿɾͲħˡԴҲ˵ˣһʵĻᣬһٽħŶָȺĽ򡣡Ф˵

ԺͰѩλڻи·ٶȼ졣
̤𾳽֮󣬾Ե˲ϢԶѩٶȱȲϾԣǾԴŰѩ·Ҳûκεѹ
δȥãԺͰѩͽ硣
ѩ磬µĵ硣Զ԰ѩ˵
šλʵӦúǿˡռܴ󣬶ҷǳȹ̡ѩ˵ͷ
ǰ˵ҲõĴСûµĴУҿܾûڵĳɾ͡ϧѾȥܾˡ˵
ߣȥʥأԴŰѩһ˲ƣǳʥصϿա
ӰͻȻ֣ʥڵߣһʥڣܿ˾һʡ۾ǿߣٵķԾ
ܿ죬ǾϳϿյӰеľԡ
ʥˣ
ʥˣǾԴ˻ˣ
ʥص೤ϣϲĽк
ϣڵϿգԼҲˣٽʥ֪ͨ߷;ѩ
Ҷض񡣡
Ҹǽһ£λǰѩҵѡָһߵİѩ
ʥصǿǣĿ΢ӰѩӹˣҲѩòޡпɲκµ뷨
ЩǿߣֶŰѩ˹񣬰ѩͷӦ
߷;ѩҲʥڿٷɳ
Լ߷;ѩӰһζʧԭأڸ߷;ѩǰ
Ÿ߷
๫߷ĿЩʪ
Դϴξ뿪磬ǹ֮õʱˡʱ䣬Ժܶǿ˵ܲܳϾǿ߻궼ǣڸ߷˵Ǻܾúܾˡ
߷;ѩҲ񾳽ˡ
ʱ򣬰ѩҲ˸߷˵ǰ
ѩ߷￴ѩ˫ü΢΢һ¡
ڵ͵ʱ򣬸߷Ҳѩʶ
߷ѩŸ߷˵ܾûˣԴ뿪͵⻹ǵһμ档λǾѩɣ
ǰѩ̣ѩҲŰѩ
ǵġѩͷ
ѩֱһչһɫС
һ붬ѩ棬͵Ǽɡѩбɫݸѩ
ѩδȥӰѩݹƷǿߵĸ׸߷
ѩȻóλѩ븸׵ĹϵЩһ㡣
ѩллѩ̣߷￴˾ѩһۡ
ллѩ̣ѩӹɫƷел
ѩʶ͸ɫƷ뵽ɫƷ֮󣬱ɫƷ㻯Ϊһɫ⣬ӿ뾰ѩڡ
ţѩȫ£һƬɫĹΡɫΣɢֲԶЩǿߣһ¶ԾĿ⡣
ѩ̹⣬Щǿ߶ƵĲļµĸо·̹⣬ɱǣܣǵ֪
߷ҲӦѩ͸ŮѩƷȻͨĶӦһǳı
һЦ˵ѩռˡ챦⣬һЩǿ֣߳㶼֧źܳʱˡ
ڰѩóɫƷʱ򣬾ԾͿƷѰ΢һ˼˳ǻе챦⣬̶Ȳö˵
챦
ǿ߶̲סһ
챦Ȼ˵챦˾Բࡣ˵ʣһЩ𣬶пû챦е챦ǺٵģҲ͵ʱһЩ֮ԽԽ٣Ļ棬Ѿҵ챦ˣʵ̫ãſܵõһ
ߣȥЩ쳣յżؾ֮УҲһϣ챦
ʥصĳǣ𾪵ĿŰѩ
Ůˣʲôһ֣챦ҿı飬ƺǺں챦ӡλʥ˵ѣʲôݣ
ѩǲ̫ˣ߷ü
֪ѩ͸ѩĶ챦ܾͲôþѩˡ
صģʲôѩ˰֣װģ
ѩǾԵŮ͸ѩһ챦˵ȷʵۡ
Ǻǣˣǽʥ˵ЦЦ

֮⣬һȺӴӰٵڽӽ
ıԵҲ롣Щ壬ЩӴӰ֮󣬶ͫһ¶һ֮ɫȻ뿪ԶԶߡ
ϲħˣزסˡıԵش̫ࡣأҲˡһӴڶǰһ߶ӽʮ׵Ӱ˵
ţȻˣͲҪˡֱ࣬նɱǣһ·ɱȥЩ΢õϢͰˡΪ׵ӴɳƵ˵
Щ飬Ȼħ塣Ϊ׵ģһħбϲ
ϲħ½ħңϲΪħ֮ϢҲħڷģֻħĸ߲֪
֮ԷϢǲ֪ħ߲㣬ϣϲһ£ǰ磬׽ԵӸ߷Ůѩ
ϵ߷;ѩϢҲʲôܵ飬֪Ϣ̫̫ˡԣħõϢҲѡ
ԭħҲûԸ߷;ѩֻ֡˵˷ڿǵ飬֪Եʵﵽ˷ǳֲĲΡ
ħ岻ò˼ԲˣȡһĶԲߣħɾΣˡ֮󣬾ץס߷;ѩŮвԡϲΪħΪʵѡħǳܵļأ뿪ħ򣬾ͻᱻ֡ɱϲһ𻹲֪ϲΪħԱϲĹעԾöࡣһЩֶΣñϲ뿪ħɱЩʸħ뿪ħ巢׵öࡣ
ϲһȺħħĳɹģȻӽ磬û֡
ɱ
׽ԵӺŮħͲõǾˣǣְɣϲħһǰȥ
ħ֮Ϣܿʹ֮ڣʥء
鱨պӳϣȵõϢ
ʲô
֮⣬һȺħңЩħʵֲ
ôħ壬ѵ빥𣿡պӳе𾪣֪
ħ壬嶼൱ǿħǹ磬Ǻ֪
⡭
ħ壡
Ӧ뿪֪ͨʥˣ
ʥʥ˵ڽȥǲǻŵʥˣ
˲ôˣħѾ֮ڡȺħʵǳֲΪ׵ĺܿħǿ൱Ĵڣʥ֪źԲߡϱ̫ϳ˵
磬ûܵסħ
ʥˣ
ϱȳϣʥɫء
ôˣʲôˣԿЩϽʥ֪һǷ˴¡
Ȼǲܻʱ㣬ʥԼ
ʥˣǸոյõһϢһȺħڹ磬ĿǰѾ֮ڡΪ׵ģܿһħϱ̫ϳϵͳ˵
ħ壿
磿ôṥ磿
ЩĶһûȥǣǾȻˡ
ʥˣħʵǿǣεֵһλص˵


1609 ½
ȻȶҲһԵȱ㣬Ǿûǿ
ǣٳһ磬һ㶼᳤ڵĦݻĵ磬Ȼһħǰ
磬һħĹ򣬾ԵЩˡΪһǿ߽ȫѹһֵʥأΪû
²ʥصҲ̤ʥء
ǾԵĵʥպܻܿᱻƽ
ûһܴĶ̰塣
ʥصλϣ۰Ͱ͵Ŀʥԡ
ʥˣѾѶ֧ɽɽǵǿ̵֧ɽϡպӳϽӿ˵
Žøǲǿ߹ҲûȺħϣ߳Ҳ˵
ûǵĴ̫ϳϺʥˣʵǳǿǿߡȻǽܣδһȺħֻҪǣֵܼԮǾûˡԴϵ˵ͷ
λ
ǲҪħǿĿһת
ڣȺħ嵽ʲôλˣԿպӳϡ
λûȷ֮УȺħٶȼ죬ƺһ˽⣬֪ʥصλáߵ·ߣֱʥضġʥˣղ˵պӳԼˡ
ԣЩħȻ磬ͱ뿪ˡպӳϣȷһħĿǰλãȻǱն˵
ڳĳǣһЩ
ȺħΪ׵ĿħεǿߣңħŶħʥˣΪҪ
ѵʥ˽Ϊˣ
ȷħλòѣɱϲħӵȺħȫмһ·϶ҡڵġֱ࣬Ӷնɱ΢ܵһЩͻᶪ
ܿ죬պӳϾȷ˱ϲħλá
ߣվ˵
ʥˣ糤ǶûüڸǿߣҲŶǣǲǵһǣϱü
ãǶҪġȺħ磬΢΢һ
ʵԴԼҲܲ²⵽ħΪҪ硣磬ħ˵岢ǺܴȻȶվ޷཮ŴȡһֱħҲûֹôһֿܾǣħ֪ԼӺŮ磬ǵĿ꣬Ǹ߷;ѩ
ʥʥصĳǣҲٶ˵׼󣬴ʥڣһӰǿٷɳ
ħֻһħھ˵вԣԽ߷;ѩҲˡҳһ鴬ֱħӭϡ
δʹ󣬴ԼǾԵ뿪İ֮󣬾Եˣϲħʶӵħˡ
ħˣǰһ鴬߷С
־Ӧʥص鴬ʥأǿҲѾȥܾõʥصʥǾ顣ԵӺŮҲʥ֮ڡ
ʥأӦרǵģ
ħ׷׿˵
ħϲӴչһ£ζоз}˵Цݡ
ЩʥȻǶϳڣܼһʱ䣬޴
ǣ׼ÿʼɱ¾ɣϲħЦ
ɱɱ߰˸ħҲ񿺷ܣЦݣ׷׻ζе
鴬֮ϡ
ʥˣѾħǰǧ֮⡣պӳ϶ԾԻ㱨˵
Ե΢΢һչ˲Ϣ֮ŵԲķΧϲħ뾰Ե֮С
ţȷʵһħεħ⣬һ˸ħ档ħħҲ࣬ξȻǲħ磬ǵľĺܴ󡣡Ե˵
ʥˣǸôأ֧ɽǿߺ͸ǿߣڸϹǻ۵;УǵֵܻҪ̵ʱ䡣պӳ˵
պӳϡЦЦĿպӳϡ
պӳϱԿЩΡ
ˣôһ鴬ɣİһ֡
ѩǺͰѩһ𣬿һ־ͺáԶߵĸ߷;ѩЦ˵
ѩԾԵ˵ͷ֪Ե˼ǲˣֻҪø߷;ѩɡ
һӰ鴬ϷԾ֮ϡ


1610 ȫ䱬
ԣ֮ǰǰ
ʥ󣬸߷;ѩڰѩ֮£Ҳһͬɳ鴬
һħħǷһĨ΢Ц
ȾԵɣλϿɾԵЩˡɱһӴǵѹܴȻʥѾ̤𣬿ɼˣһħͰ˸ħҲܵġ
ͣ
ʱħϲȴͻȻһ
˾ԡ
ħڲҲ޷ȷħߴǱɱǵնɱħħʱħڲͶԾչϸĵ顣ħĸ߲㣬ҲԵӰ
ϲҲԵӰʱϸһϳ˾ԡ
˸ħϲĴɻ󣬵ǶӱϲһȫֹסǰӴ塣
ʱıϲǷǳ𾪵ġ
ڿǷʱħҲõصϢ֪ʵޱȵǿħ嶼ɾ޴в
֪Իص磬ħ϶׽ø߷;ѩħΪԻڿǣԲŻľٶ
ϲԣȫһɺֱðû뵽Ի硣
ྰԣϲ̽Եĺһ
Ҳ˲Ǿԣֻһ뾰òƵࡣ
ңȻʶң񣬴ħϲ
ˣħϲݺݵһҧˡ
˸ħеԵ֣ɫʱѿеģ֪ǵϢԻЩ£֪ϲΪˡ
ȻˣͲҪˡЦһ
һʧԭأһ̱ǵ˰˸ת˵ħߡ
̯ƣڿռĻһ޴ӡֳ֮ʩչ
䡭

ÿֲħˣǣ
˸ħ޷Ӱ죬ֻӲܾԵĹ
Щħһƶסһӡȥһħ򱬡ħȻǿǵˣԵӰɱ㽫ǵ򱬡
һӴ顣
ϲħڲڿħ򱬵ľ󣬾ȫûǰȥӪȵ뷨ˡǣӴܵٶȱø졣
ղŻЩɶǲǸԣھȷ˾Ǿԡʵֲ̫ˣѾǻĲΡ
һ½ħɲǾԵĶ֡
ں̵ܶʱڣԱ㽫˸ħȫնɱӴܵıϲħ׷˹ȥ
оƽɱ⣬ϲ֪Լӵ
ٶȻѾ죬ԶԶȲϾԵٶȡңԵѾӳԵߣҲһᱻ׷ٵ
鴬ǰϱպӵʥصһȺϣȫɵˡ
Ӿ˸ħնɱҲһʱ䡣
ǣۿ˸ħȫ򱬡
ǵ𺳣޷ݣֻԼжô𶯡
⵽ʵ
ǿߣҲǿ
ħȻﲻĲΣҲǳԽʵģս֮䡣𣬻ܻɱħΪħǿķǰҲ̵ֵܵʱ䡣
ǰ˸ħھǰȴһ㣬ͱˡԾǿҲġ
ʥˣʲôΪ
ѵʥ˵ʵѾԽϱ̫ϳϣļʶǶ࣬ôһѯʲεϱ
֪ģǶ١˵֮ϣиֲĻǿߣǿȳʼĴڡ棬ǿӦǺٺٵġ཮Լ཮Χû˵ֹȻ཮뱻֣ǿҲֲˡϱϵͳ˵

ˣһ
ǵ񣬿žѸٽӽǸӴܵħ

ԣ
αնɱϲ֪Ӳˣֹͣת˵
ոճΪħûкúõħǿ
ҵģ㲻磬ԺҲܶһʱ䡣Цһ˵
ྰԣܷܲŹңϲ̬ȣЩζ
ϵѹֲ̫ˡ磬ڲ⻹ǵֿѹֱԾԵĹǿ϶ǵס
ܣֱ̧
ӰѸת
䣡һֲµħϲϯȥ
ϲһҽУ߾ȫҪֵ


1611 
̫ˣ
˵ϲֻһ½ħħ嶥ħҲסӰѹ
ϲħȻ߾ȫֵ磬Ȼٱ⡣ɢҲһͬ
һϲɥֻҽص֮ϡ
ڽϲħնɱֳַЩħħ֮Ķ˳ħ֮ģҲǼĲϡȴһħ֮ĺͰ˸ħ֮ģȻ˷ѡ
󣬾Բŷص鴬֮ǰ
ʥصڳϣȫĿɿڴžԡ
һնɱħ
ǻβȻЩʥصĳϲδҲ֪ʵġǣǶٶһЩ˽ġǿǼҪɱһħҲҪķѺܶʱ䡣
ˣڿԷʥˡԶ˵
ɱȺħԭͲҪʥصǿ֣֮߳ԴһͬҲԶΪȻҲǰġ
֮УͬԻص鴬ʥء
;УԵ˳鴬һЩǰԮ֧ɽǿߺ͸ǿߡЩ֪ħѾһȫˡ
ڱ֧ɽĳǽ֮£ǲŶ֪ô¡
ʥˣǻ𣿡
찡
壬ҲлεĴˣԺڻУҲһϯ֮˰ɣ

һȺǿĴڣʱķ̾

ʥء
Ƚħ帲֮ұص͵һˣƶԶԸ߷˵
ƶһֱڵ͵磬һ񣬲ѩǺܶˡ߷˵Ҫ磬ҲǸ˵úܡ뵽ڵ͵磬粻ܳ񣬲Щп
޷ƶڵ͵羳ϲȥ֮Դܸ࣬ܿġƶ츳Ҳ㲻δﵽβѵġЦЦ
š߷ھԵĻС
׼֮壬ħȫ濪սҪħϳ཮򸽽Ļ硣ͼ硣˵
ҲãߣҲæֻġ߷˵ͷ
;ѩ񾳽磬̫ˡ
ħȫ濪սҪﵽ磬սŻһЩЧ
һЩ֮Ͷѩû֮壬ǱܡƶҲǿһڵŵ챦ܹĽӽΡ
˵ţ㽫һЩ֮ȡ
ڻؾڣԿװ˲ٻ֮Щۡ
á߷ӹһڲԳɿռƿСĵ

֮󣬾ٴǡ
㳡
㳡ǰĦߣѾȡκηáǰƿǵʱ򣬶ǰ㳡߶Ҫȡá
ȻȨʥصСҪɲһ׵顣Ҳ޿ɺǣʥؿ϶ҪԼڲдꡣ
ԵͻȻ㳡ʱ궯
ʥˣ
ʥؼ㳡ĸϣʥԵ֮пǰ
㳡ߣԳ֣Ҳ
ɱħ£ѾݿһЩƫƧĵط֪£ǵߣûв֪µġ
ˣЩߣԾĳݡ
λѶض㳡һҪܺܿͻ뿪ԱǡԻܣЦ˵
ҲæԼɣùҡֶǼʥصĳЦ˵
ǣʥˣ⼸㳡ĳϣԺӦ
Ե˲㳡
һν㳡ʱ򣬾Ծͻһ챦ھѾǻ֮̽£Եüͷ΢΢
Ϊ֣ȻΪƵĺۼ
⡭
ȻǱƳıֶΡ΢΢˿
ʥʦҲ޷ƳȱɣʲôƵģת
ǬȻʥʦʵﵽκ󣬾Եǲͬնȷһ
ܿܣһƵġһ֮⣬棬Դ֮ءܴǬƳƺҲǲܡתҲȻˣٶ롣


1612 ϼ
Ե͸
ʱڴĵ㣬һڴꡣԵ΢ӹ޷ӦȻûκεĲ
˵ÿһֻһνеĻᡣ֮ǰѾһΣûеڶνˡ
ǣںεȵΪĹѾ޷ƾˡ
ڽĹ󣬾Ա׵ٴνǣĿҲΪֻҪھŲ㡣ǰİ˲㣬Ծ˵ѾûʲôЧˡ
ৣ
ԵӰʧ㳡֮ϣһ̣ڴھŲ㡣һ˻ŹǸ
ܹ֮Ϊð˻ĴСǵõһУԾջ֮ҲضƳһʱ䡣
˻ΡȻĽ£Ӵħ뾰Եһνʱļûκα仯
ߵ
㣿
Ԩ飬о˾ԵĽӽԨڸֳĿ⿴ԣЩԾ
ңǰּˡЦԨ顣
㡭ǸԣȻڶνѵѾﵽΣԣҾȻӦϢѵ˰˻ҪǿˣԨ𾪵ĶžԿ
΢΢ͷ
ǰνΪԨֱ˵
ȷʵΪõԨ
ҪԨ
ԣҪԨʲôԨȻǰǺħɱѾٻˡԨɻʵ
Ԩǿᣬһս֮УڲѳصˡڵԨҲǺ鱦ĲΡ
ǰ˵һҪõԨԣȻǰͬ⣬Ҳǿ󡣡˵
仰֪˾Ե˼
Ƭ̣˵ԣʹԨҲԡԨҲ̫̫ˡ֪뷨Ҳͬɡ
лԶ鹰˹֡
֮ǰʹõϼϼһս飬ƲϼԨĲϣҽϼƳɺĻʹˡ
ǰϣϼƳɹزϼԿ˵
һ䣬ԵЩ𶯡
Ըһ뿪Щ
û뵽ԾȻԸһ뿪һΪ顣
ȻԸ⡣΢Ц˵

ԣҹȻû㡣һʱҾ֪ǰ;ضдɾͣԲŽ˵Ĵ͸㡣ҪǣҾһˣû˷ܡ
Ǿ뿪ɣھŲ㣬Ѿ˶ʱ䣬Ҳ뿪
ãھ뿪΢Цͷ
ȵһ£Ҫ˸𡣡Ŀת˻Źǡ
ĿУ¶ɫ
ó˻Ȼȥܾˣ˻ĸȷʵ
ˡ
Ҫ뿪ˣλԣõĴУҲĵӡԨҲһġԨûκôܱƳһ̶ҲԨ⡣

Ԩ飬Ű˻Ź˵ࡣ
һʱ󣬾ԴԨ飬뿪˴Ϣ뿪ǣصʥء
ԨƲϼͼ򵥶ˡԨȻ٣ɱϾǺ֮εȫܹ㾰Ե
ķʮʱ䣬Ƴ˲ϼ
ϼƷʣҲﵽ˺֮ĲΡңһƹУԵõ˴顣ϣҲͻ˲Σﵽʥʦĳ̶ȡ
ΪֹǬϵĳɾͣ㶼ﵽˡʥļ

֮εȷʵ鱦εĲϼǿˡܹܵҲʵ
ϲõĻӶһ¸ոƺõĲϼ
ǰĲϼû飬Ҳ㾰ԵҪ󡣾̫ǿʹòϼܾˡڣϿԺ޹˼ɵʹòϼս
ǰϼѾƺˣԺסڲϼڲռˡԶ˵
ãã
ǸԺҪٽǰˣҳ˲ϼ飬ˡţϤһ²ϼҲòϼӳܡɫ΢죬âһϼڲռ䡣


1613 ս
ϼƳҲӸ߷Ůѩ
ԴŰѩ뿪磬ֱǰڳǱ
ħ˵һ޴ܰĵ׳
ڻУҲһȽͨȺѡ˾ԺͰѩλвȡһλ
ԺͰѩֱӽڳǱ
ʯ̫ˣΪħ֣̽ŵķɳǿǾԺ󣬲Ŷ
Դˣʯ̫ҲѾ֪ǻǿߡ
һȺڳǱǿߣޱȹԾԼ
λض񣡡һ˵
ʯ̫Ѿ֪ͨλ;Ŵڲú½ʱ䣬Ҫ鷳׼һ½ӴˡԶʯ̫˵
ʯ̫΢΢һ㶡
ʯ̫·ǻȻ
ԴˣĪ׼ˣʯ̫ıЩŹ֣·ŬסԼ˷ܵ
ûʱˡĽӦˡڶʱ䣬ĺܱСԴ٣ֱӵǿмѡԵ˵ͷ
ããţţΪԴ˺λѩ˰סʯ̫ͷ˵
Ҳ˵˰ѩ
Ȼ֮ǰδѩҲܲ³ھ߷ǳƯŮӦþڿİѩˡ
΢Ц˵ͷ
ʱ䣬ԺͰѩڳǱס
Ҳʱ½ִڳǱЩ𣬶ӸԵҶεǿߡ
ھŴ磬ҪķһЩʱ䣬Ŵ󣬾ۼҪʱġھŴУĿǰ˵տ֮⣬˸綼ûġտڲúҲὫӵժ
󣬵տڵĴǿߣڳǱ
Եļʦʦ㣬󲿷Ҳͬտһ
ʦӭӣλʦʦ㣬ҲǿúܡֻǣԵ⼸λʦ֡ʦھǰɾҪнܶˡ
ǵȻ벻Ǹ񾳽Сʦܣô̵ʱڣﵽΣǴﵽĲΡ
ʱ䣬ǿ߲žۼòࡣ
УӴʦʦ
ħսȫĳ׵ģⳡսоԺͰѩλĲ룬Ҳܳʱ䡣ħضķǲ׽Ⱥˡ
ң򲻵ѣħҲ϶ǲԸ뿪Լħ򡣻Ȼ󣬵һЩԴḻѾЩռˡħ뿪ڵħҲҵһħȵĵط
ڳǱڲ޷ס˶ǿߵġ
ڣʯ̫ھԵ֮£ڳǱ֮⣬޽˴ĽγһȺңרŽһӴĹ㳡
һգԺͰѩڹ㳡ϡ㳡ϣǿߣҲ;ۼĿ⣬ھԺͰѩϡ
еˣĿж˷ܵĹâǶ֪弴ħչȫսһս֮սħ壬ôĽ򣬽ٶʮӴĵӭһٵķչڡ
λλѣվڹ㳡̨ϣȫߣ˹֡
Դˣ
еߣ
ţλһôۼĿҶ֪ˡû壬ħչ֮սһսҪħϳ֮ࡣ˵
һսλ֮пܻһЩ˻ˣ˲룬ôҲ˳˳üԻȫ
û˵
ʵҼȻˣͶ׼Щ̰֮ͲҲеˣԸġ
ܺãҶǺģ
ħһսȷʵҪеܴķաǲģҲҪҰװײսвսߣⳡս֮УݸԵı֣õӦĽڳǰڣ봺𣬽ľϸҹһ¡Լ˵
ûнҲǲеģ
ܽħ帲߽ħǱضܹõ޷ĺԴЩԴҪóһսǿߡ
Ͷá
նɱԽħǿߣõĽԽࡣ
𣬽ϸһ顣
ڳٵǿߣɫ΢΢Ǻ죬޲ɱħ
ǿߣһսĻǺġһսǰһսɲͬʱûս


1614 սǰת
һսʤܴ
вսߣܴеõô˭ϲ
λָĽҲӣҲʹûֵƶȡɱһͨħһ֡ɱһ׼ħħʮ֡ɱһħһٸ֡ɱһħǻһǧ֡
ħħβࡣͨħһǿһЩͨҪɱһħҲҪһֽţħԷơ
ȻˣǷǳġһֵļֵԼ൱һöż񾧣һ񾧣ǿɾһڡ
ڴٴο˵ȲεĴս壬ҲضսҲõսߣˡӵȵԱõһԴ
ڳߣȴʦʦ֮⣬Ͷͨս϶ܴˣ˭ûˣûˣҲе׽ѡ
𣬼¼ֵľ򷢷ŹͽˡԶ˵
ǣӦ
սǿߣҪЯһƾҲǾ׼ģڴսУܹ¼ħ彻ֵ߲㣬Խˣжߵսɼ
ʦʦȫֻӹ㳡һ˵
Ƭ֮ڣȫʦʦʦȺսУʦԽСʦࡣ
ʦʦĹҪǸˣҪƴĵҩ΢󷨡ЩЧǿߵˡ
ǰܻħ壬ʦʦǹûġԱħ壬ƣúõá
ʦʦ澰Խ뵽һ͵Ľ֮ڡ
ʦʦֿʦߣʦұߡԶ˵
ʦʦ׷
ʦʦУҲкܶǿߵġǣǵսԾƫˡսǲȡġ
ߵʦǰ档
Ķʦų϶Уʮʥʦʦǧ֮ࡣ
һȡһЩҩ
λʥʦǼ򵥵ĿЩҩһЧΡ˵
ЩҩǾƳġ
ʮʥʦһһӹҩżɻ󣬿ʼ
ܿ죬ɫ΢䡣
ˣЩҩǴӺζãʥʦž̾ѯʾԡ
һʮֳɫʥʦҲﵽʲΡóĵҩһ˵ҩЧȴǷǳĳɫԾǣǰȻδ
ʵϣڳʮʥʦûһ˼óֵҩ
ǿɶʥʦݡ
ǲ˵еĵҩûĵҩԲࡣ˵ҩֳõĵҩǵоһ㶼ࡣ
ЩҩƳġЦЦ
ҩȷʵǾԸǬصĵȻ󾭹ƳġֵҩЧڣҪҪĲϣԻȽ١
ȺսУĵĵҩǺģԾԱ뾡ܵļٲϵʹáΪܹʹýٲϣƳЧɫĵҩԿǺķ˺ܶľ
ⵤҩƵģ
⡭ڵ輫ߣյüȻ鴫ʥʦ׷̾˵
λͲҪάˡ
ⵤҩЧӦûġһὫǡ֣ӦƳĵҩҲƷһȣΪ۾ϰ۾ʹáڶȣ򱻵۾ʹá
ϣλʥʦÿһһ֧ʦɵĶ飬ӽԴ˵ơ˵ţֱһӣһӿʮʥʦ
˲Ϣʥʦ֪˵
˷ģҵȶʹʥʦӦ
ҩ⽻󣬾ߵʦ
ȡ̣Щڵ΢󷨣йзͣһЩ͵
Щ΢󷨣ҲǾԸǬĥġҪ󷨵ܹͬʱܼٲϵġ
ʥʦҪʥʦһЩڳҲͰʥʦ
ҪЩʥʦ̺ҲЩ΢󷨵Ĳͷ̸ǡʥʦӴĶʦҲץʱЩ̡
ͲĲϣǿտȡ˵
ǣȫʦʦ˵
ôͿʼ׼ɡսʱܱҪģﲻͣͲǲҪǰߣͬԻû֣ͶáԻӻ֣˽


1615 һսƤħ
սǰ׼ҪΪ١ķӹȻȥɡ
Ȼ׼ͬʱħͬȫ嶯Ա
ߴħħͻħŶԲߡ
λĴѾۣǿʲô˵ģһȫħص˵
壡
ȺĻ쵰ôͳ˻ûлڣħڵĹֻǹ壬û幥ǵķݡ
ǾԣӦý߾ȫնɱϧߴħûܳɹɱڹȻħĴ󻼡
һħҧгݵ廹оԡ
λ˵ЩѾûáյϢڲֻоһ𣬻һаѩҲΡλѹʱܽħ򡣡ɫħҡҡͷ˵
ǰģֻ·һǼȫƴڶħȫ˳ħ򣬰ᵽӶܿ塣ɫƤħת˵
˳ħǾԲУħǵĸͺñľŴ硣ЩߣڳΪ󣬶뿪Ŵ翪ٵ硣ǣЩ𣬼ûзŴġǹŴʱǲƴɱ𣿡һħҡž޴Դ˵
ûǾ˳ħ˵Ȼλ𣬵Ҫħ壬Ҳô׵ġħվǵĵ̣ǻħοħͨĳħҲεʵħһɱ
ȷʵħ֪ٱǣǵɾٵöˡ
ħǣ׷ױʾ뿪ߴħ
λ˼ƴս𣿡ɫƤħͳȷʵ
ս
ħ壬¹Щ壿λΣѵ𣬾ħ岻ɣ
λħҲü
ãǣħִλħţħȫħֻҪǳħȫԱǾ븲ħ壬Ҫ֪ʲôڡɫƤħ߿


ʱ仺ţת۾ȥʱۼǿߣڽŵĳﱸš
ĵҩ̱Щҩ̣ϵķŵһǿߵС
һգԡѩʮһ֮ڡ
Դˣħ壬һߴħУƤħ˵
ħҲ˽ˡڣĴԾԺλҪȷ
ʹƤħʼ޷Ԫÿ˶һ֧ӡ˵
Ѿˣ干ֳ·޷Ԫλһε𣬷ֱ·ͳ˧ÿ˵£Լͳ졣֮£ʲǿ߳еǿߵ£ֱָ𡢵۾
һһԷӳߵЧʡ
·ǰƤħƤħϡԼ˵
ԴˣǲӦ÷ֱ𹥻ͬħ򣿡޷ʵ
ֿܷħ壬Ⱥսϳ̫̫ˡǷֿǽΪԣӦüȫһ·ѹȥһһڵһ߳սѩսֹħħȻ뿪ħȥǵ཮򡣡ҡҡͷ˵
λԣ˵ͷ
ħȷʵ̫ˣħƤëεǿߣɾͲôˡ
λԴûô̶ɡľӵһľͬС޷ӳԪһܺ󿪰γԻ˵
ǣλһӦ
ӣƺƵĿγǽȻһ·ǰӽƤħ
ӳͬʱħҲڵһʱõϢ
ǿߣֳ֧ӡһ֧ӣѾǵж·ߣӦֱƤħġɫƤħ˵
Ƥħ򣬲׵ĽȥǣƤħ塣ͬʱҲ̽жǿǾԺͰѩʵɫƤħܿ˾
󣬱ħħƺƵǰƤħ֧Ԯ


1616 һ뷢
Ƥħ򲻾ãħ
գ޾ǣħߴ󣬾ͨĳħҲߴӽסȥʮ֮⣬ħضȫڸס
𣬰ռƻСһЩԴǲ£ҪǼԱʧԲ֧ӵͳ˧˵
ף˵ͷ
һɱ
ռʩչԱʧԭء
ħҲйעĶյľԣħصע󡣾ʧЩħ̾ͽ䱸
СģǾǻΣҲ̤ʼżˣʵӦ÷ǳܴ󡣡һɫƤħ¡¡˵
ħӶеһǵ棬תħΪһ壬ȺܣҲǳһɫ֡ħȻó󣬵ҲԼ츳
һЩ츳ħ֣һ硣ֽ磬
ħΪһħƤħλħǱ߹λλλħڴϿգһء
ǲδԳ֣ɴӿǴϢ˵⾰ǰݻ춼شɼʵԼǿʢ
ʹռʧԭغһ̾ͳħ֮ڣȺľӣҲʮӡʩչռޣ룬˲ϢĹѡ
ˣһħ
ԣֳֺεĲϼһߡĿ⣬ħӹЩħħλãҪ䲻նɱסħޱǿᣬħֵĻǾҲڶʱڻɱ
֮еĲϼһƬαŷǿҵĻɫâУŵɫ迪
һγֲδ֣ڶӰ߷˼ޣȫ뵽֮ڡһܣһЩʼҲԸܡ
䣡
أžҵĲ
˺ѿռ䣬ħϯȥ
Դ˳ˡһ𣬶ǰ˵
ţ׼̣ս֮ǰļƻȶһɱħĿ˵죬һ̣ǿǺԴ
ڴ˵ʱ򣬲ϼĽ⣬ѾħӴ
ħΧĻɫ㣬ڽӴһƬֱӱ⣬ħ֮ڡ

һƬҽ֮֮ЩͨħȫûеֱֵӾͱâɱ촷ۡ⼱룬ӴĽ⣬ֱӱ㽫·ϵħȫɱ
ʧ֮󣬿ԿǵطԿճһƬ
ħ¶ȻĿ⡣֪Եʵǿ󣬿Ǿһ֣չֳʵȻǳǵ
ֻһħ壬ʧǧͨħһħֱӺɱһħüʱҲˡ
̫ǿˣ
һĳˡ
еγɱٶȣħȥ
ɱħҲŭ
յħҲǷȥȻ֮ͶͨЩħͲ¡ЩͨҪɱЩͨħҪķһЩʱ䡣ֻҪͨħ֣ܲסһͨ
ϣħȫռơ
ħҲûţͳһжԽӽ֪ǵԵ뾰Բɱǿ϶ֲ˼ʱͻսħֵ֣ԾԵѹͿһЩˡ
ĺã΢УЦЦӶҲħ
̶̵ʱħֱӵĽӴڽӽһǿߣȫֹסŲ׷ȡ̣߶ȻѸݵǰȥ
һ̣ȫȥ
ռ֮ڣһɫĲħӶȥЩɫżֲиǿռγɵܡ
ɫǰħӴɫħֱӱ˺ѣסơ˺ѣ͸˵ˡ
һԣҪɱħȴڲƻȻٵǵ硣Щɫ򵥴ֱֱӾͽħ˺ѽɱ
ЩħҲܿķӦ֪ɫ׷ױãǵ̫ˣȫħеħܽҵıܿеľֻӭ


1617 
ڼ̵ʱڣħΪɻҡ
ԭܼħȺʱѾ¶ƬƬĿ϶
һ̼ȥγɵܺѾ޷϶ˣǶ޷϶ɱħܲס̫ε󷨳
ħ׺ս֮£ҲħǿܣҲһ顣ֻҪ飬Ͳܲη
ħħ˴ʧһ۾ڼҪǣǸ޷֣ħȫԸ뾰εǿһħ֣ھǰǴھԵ·磬ʱܳ⡣
ɱȡԼкȣħȥ
𣬽洺֮
ɱ
ɱħ
ǿߣ׷׷ŭӿĳħ֮С
ɱħܻûֵġһֵ֣൱һöż񾧡ΪʵԶͨħ֮ϣ㲻ܿٻɱħķһЩʱ䣬ɱħȫ⡣ǵ۾ʲεɱͨħԵɶˡ
ħչ˼伤ҵĴս
˵ħȻһڼ̵ʱɱܶ࣬ȻԶԶڳȻҲƣͲζͨΪЩͨħ뵲סһͨҲҪһ
ңдĵҩˣһʱȥˣܵı䡣
ħĽ֣ҲݱĽš
ħȷʵ׺ѾлεʵҲһնɱһȽǿħʱ˿̣ħֵַҵĹ

ħֻһǱȽǿġԶСһЩħ֮УҲʵ
ԵУ¶һĨ⡣
籩һ籩ʩչ
Ҫս
ʵ㲻ʩչ籩ֻҪɱһЩʱ䣬Ҳܽħֻħʩչ籩
籩Ҫʵħϡħ籩ʱֶݵʧ񡣶ݵʧ񣬶˵ġ
ۣ
ȵĽ⣬ֱӴ͸һħ壬ӿ壬ٴݻ١ħɱ󣬾һеĲϼֵһոջعħǰ
ɶ񣡡
ľԡ
ĸħŭĿԲھԼɱڶħʱǶҪֹǱ籩ĵڶħҲȻķӦ˹ȫҪܡ
ֻǿϧԵĹʵ̫ǿˣڶӰϻ֮ľͽâ֮УݺݵĹӴ
ڶħ
ľԣ
ྰԣҪ
ŭħ˻
ֻͣóǣЦ˵
ͬʱٴһԼϽħ֮ǰħ֣ԾԣھԵơѾħʣµĸħȻʵȥħǿҲٵסԵĹ
ɵĽɨǸħͱݺݵĻ˳ȥ𶯣Ҫһ֮ɢ
Ϊ׵ɫƤħҧ
ˣҲǲˡ
ħ뾰Խ֣ħսħҲǽڽڰˡɱȥħֻʧࡣҪǣʣµĸħѾסˣʱпħԻɱ
Ϊħ֮һħħٵĺ󳷡
ĸħҲһͬŴˡ
ߣ΢΢һ¡
ɲôף׷ȥ
ϼӶ׼žͳ˾һѾ˵ħٴնһɫļӲɫâľ޴â׺ݵĲħĺ󱳡
ħ
ħҲɱ֮󣬾Ծֹͣ
һսʱ䲻ħʧأʧҲС֮һ϶һơҲҪ
˵ⳡħĴսҲһܽġԣûм׷
ˣԭ˵ģˡ޷ľӣ֮Ӧþͻִʱ֧ۣһͬΣݵÿһ߶С
˴ɨһսЩħϵħ֮ģǺö˷ˡԶԴ˵
ãɳһ֧飬սɨһ顣Ӧ


1618 
֮޷Ƥħ봺ϡ
ֻǰƤħġ
ħǷǳӴģһħɱ彮Ҫöࡣ
ȻǰٶѾܿ죬ɻķһµʱ䣬뵽Ƥħġ
һ·ϣûħκεֿ
ԴˣǰƤħģҲһħħڡ޷ھԵߡ
ħħӵмǿܡ
Ҫħ壬ħ谭֮һħÿһħڣһħ
ǰʷʱҲϵ̽ħϢԶħ˽ҲȽ϶ˡ
ţ
ħ岻׼Ƥħǿ϶ħǿĵֿҲûǶʱ׼ħħ򣬿ٴ֧ԮƤħġԵͷ˵
ʱɳ̽ڱҲϢ
ħ壬ȷʵħۼδƤħ
ǰһսҲǹؼ֮ս˵
ٴǰС
ħȻһֱעĶҲ֪ѾִƤħģħ
ħһ
Ҳûиõİ취ħϢҲֻ˵Ǿħֵһʱ䣬ֻҪһ£ԮͿԵִƤħ
һµʱ䣬ħϣ
ĸħδȫǶħ߲ԱħȻһǿߣǸͲмʮҲܻħ
ھħһĵطͣյ鱨ħܷ䣬ǷԲ
޷𣡡
ڴ˵ȴȥħΡԶλ˵
ԴˣһҪСġλ𶼹еĿž˵
ţһСġ
˵ţʩչռʧԭءһ̣Ѿħķ
ۿȥԿһɫļϰ׵ĸ߶ȡı棬żֲܲ
ЩơȴǽȻͬġħܲҪȴӰԵǿҡ
ţ
⡭ϢƺЩϤԸӦħüͷ΢΢һ壬Ҳһ¡
ԼƺʲôطӴƵ
ûڻؾʱЩħǻ춴ıɣ
ڻؾԵõŵ磬Ӱ硣Ի֪ħ壬ǻ춴洴һ塣
춴ħħıƺҲ
ھԹ۲ħʱħҲ˾ԡ
Գˣ
ľԣħ
һ֮ħȻ񱩵ǾͷҲ΢΢һ
Ȼǿ۾
ħ֮ϣһڹ⣬Կֲٶžϯ
ڹ⿴ܿԼĪֻм׵ֱںڹܿռ䣬ȴֳһļĸǷΧֱȴﵽ׵ӡ
ৣһ
ܹоڹԼԲܴвɲûȥܺڹĹڹȻǿǹʽȴܼ򵥡ĹٶȺܿ죬Ҳ㹻ʱܿ
һڹûܻоԣŴħеڶڹⲻϵıŷ̶̵ʱڣϰٵڹһƬ򶼸ס
Щڹ̺ܷǳǿҪҲҪĺܶԴħ壬ضںķһЩԴϾǹϵȺսȺǸˣٶԴкã
ھħһЩ룬ܹܡӽҪܾˡЩڹٶ̫̫ˡ
ܽħɶˡ鱨ϢħܿԷ䷽ԲȻֻһֺڹ⹥
һܺڹ⹥һ˼βܽħĿȨ
ħˣǾԵٶ̫죬ħ޷ȥ˴Դȴ޷ȡκЧһħü˵
ߵĹȷʵ̫ˡѹԵٶȣȻɱҪشɫƤħ˼Ż˵
ھʹħѹǰ֮࣬͸Ӳ׽ħ䷶Χˡһħ˵


1619 ħ
ħԭĴǽ뵽ħ֮ڣȻħѹ⻷صĴ
Ҳ֪ҲɵҪԹԽħѹΧⲢԴħ嵮ħħ岻ܲ˽ħĹʽ͹Χ
Ȼ֪ҪԹԽħѹΧԲ󣬵ħЩħħĴңһԴһȳأ
ԾʹħѹȻͻðΪɵǸӲ׵ĽħѹΧ
˾ȥʱ䣬ǶǽӺƤħԮѾһ¾ܽƤħ򡣡ɫƤĿ˵
ħҲŵ˵ͷ
ĿǰҪģʹħԸԡԾԲŲʣħܵħɾҪˡǰڵһνʱǶ֪˾Եսһɨȥǰħɱ
֣
ıɼһɫƤħ
ǣٿħħӦ

ţ
ôˣ΢΢һ
ħϷĺɫߣʱѾʧˡ
ߣħûбƽħǱƽħ
̫ħҲȷԼܱܿЩɫߡħȻĿħΪڶ࣬ҲеħħĽ
ˡ
ɢǧҪۼһǷɢÿγ־Ͳɱ̫ࡣħ궯ķɢԼħ־롣
Ի֮֡
ˣ
ʱħٴͳ
һɱϰħ֮תĿħλáħܣһɫĹγɡ֣ɢΪֲܡڶݵʱ֮󣬺ɫֱ俪ǵص˲Ϣ佫Բڡ
ħѹ⻷˰ɣ
ǿ
תֵѹ⻷ܡħѹ⻷ȻǺɫߵĹȡҲѹ⻷ǷԲ򣬶Ǻɫ߾һֱߡĹѹ⻷Ҫɫȣǲǹ¡
ˣѹ⻷ȻǼΪֲġͨʱڹ⻷֮£ܱѹ
ѹ⻷£ҲܵһӰ죬ʱ̴߶Ӱڵѹ
ѹ⻷ѾЧʹߣҺɱࡣɫƤħħ֮Уغ
ಣ
һɫߣٵĴ߷žԺɱȥ
ռޣ

ҧҧ
ѹ⻷Ӱ֮£Եռʩչܵ˷ǳص谭ѹ⻷ԾԲвȴӰ֮ڵĿռ䣬ֱ֮״̬þʩչռͷǳѡ

ͱС߻оԵǰһ˲䣬Եռ޲ʩչܿһߡ
ǣһ߱ܿˣִħ߷ңЩĹɱǣܱܿһΣҲѱܿʮΰ˴Ρ
ڣ
Ե壬һߺݺݵĻС
䣡ֱӵ˳ȥ棬ӰγɵĹâ貵ƻƾܡ
ħڵħǣԱ߻У
߻УǾܻ𣿡һħ˵
ԣͨ಻ͬǿ÷ǳֲħǰ֣һȷֻǻһΣֻǺֱӻɱ϶ҲشħǿħҲܲסߵһɫƤħ˵
ĸħԲ۾ӾԱɵķ
ħ֮⣬ĴˣҲһֱעħҲעԡǿԱɺжһǣҲ֪ߵ
֣ѹ⻷ѹ⻷ֺȵ
¡¡
ǿߣȫ߶ħѹ⻷ǹѹ⻷ҲһáȣĸħΣҲΪԼѹ

ڿռڣֹס˿Ѫƽ˲ϢʱԲ鿴һԼڵӰ
ȻֻǱһΣҵӰǱмΣҶˡмʮϰٴΣҶܱɱ
Ҳ̲ס̾һħǿ
ҪٵռƤħ򣬾ͱħ۾Գһ졣


1620 Ŀ
һ٣ħȥ
ɫ⣬ٽӽħ
ħڵĸħҲ̷˾ԡ

ƺû˵֮ǿ𣿡
Ҫʲôãħ죡չ͹ɫƤħкȻ
ħѹ⻷ʱԾԵӰȷžСࡣϾʮڹѹ⻷ħֳһܣǿߵĺԣѹ⻷ԾԲӰͱǰ˺ܶࡣ
ħħҲһ㣬ûа취ѹ⻷߶ǾͿ϶ᱻǿ߹߶Ǿ͸޷ƾԵж
һߣٵž˹
ԾħԽҪ߾ԽѡռѾʩչޣͬʱתķΧڣԻһЩҲܵѹ⻷Ч
ɼȻˣڽӽħĹУȻΡԾԵǿȣܵһЩơ
ھԵĽӽУһЩħħ׼ħҲǲҪҪӾԡǣһжͽ͵ģԲǾ
ԵϣħԼĻ߾ͻͶ˵Լıǿߡ
쵰Ҫħģ
ӦǣҲ֪ħ϶Ԯȥǻ᲻ǣռƤħ򡣡
ߣ̫ˡħǲܣħûǵ˲ٿˡ
ĸħħڣܽλǼٿħһҪʱ䣬ħԮħ˵
ħǻ춴ġ
ܹߺѹ⻷ڲĽṹȻǳĸӡħȻó󷨣ֻǼ򵥵ĲٿػġһЩ챦Ƕܲٿء
ѾħĽǰԽǿ߾ԽѵֵԣԱٵĽħƣʱ䳤ͱߡ
ٿħٵ͸ȥ
Եħʱħı棬һ·ֳÿһ·ɢ嫵ܲ
ף
ô£
Ȼģ͸˽ȥʲôƵĿħ
ԭҲΪԼҪħҲ׵顣ϾħǱħƣħ϶Լ׽ȥԼҪȥ͵ͨƽ⡣ǣǣԼȴǺ谭͸ħڲ
ħڵ龰ȫӳ뾰ԵԺĸħҲһЩħ׼ħ̽ħĺλáħķƣԾԵȻûų⡣
ɲǼ䣬ԾҵħĽ뷽һʧ棬һ̳ħڲĸħĽǰ
ħħ壬С˺ܶࡣĸԭߴӽʮ׵ħʱȥҲͱȾ΢ĸߴ׳һЩ
ԵͻȻ֣ħڲٿħĸħһȫ֪ʲô飬ô뵽ħڲġ
ԳĸħЦЦһٵħĺŦ
ֻǺʱ䲻Ծȫħ
ǣҳȥɣߣҲǳߵζЦһ
ৣৣ
ž仰ºħڲħħȫһħų˳ȥ
ħǣԼħ֮⣬ֱµˡ
ǿħ
ǾԣôϢͽħôܹ˿ľͿħ
ңֱų˳
ʱûʱȥ˼⣬ħߣѾǶ׼ɨ
ߣǿħ׵ĳԡڳĸħУǿɫƤħǱ߻УҲܴ
ѹ⻷֮ǣħ
Դ˲ˡ
ô£Դȥˣ
ȫԴ˿Σա޷ʵڲУҲѹ⻷ǵʵǿԵֵһʱġԴˣҪǵİɫض޷˵
ã޷Ӧ
԰Ǽħôˣһ
ǼƤħħȻħ֮⡣
ֵһĻĿࡣЩߣȻĸħչ˹
Ǵ¶˳մı飬Ҳ¶ŵĿ⡣ħƤħħΪҪħй
ˣ֪ʲô顣Щ㱵ʱһħǱ߶Դ


1621 ɫᾧ
ħڹħħ
ȫɵˣ
ħѾҿƣꡢ޷λȫħѹ⻷ħӽѹ
ڴʱԵĴִ
ħѾԴ˿ƣ
ڵħѹ࣬ѹħ
˵ɫǺ
޷һۣͬʱȫ

ɱ
ǿߣȫ̡ǽħѹ⻷ǷΧں󣬹Ȼûиоκѹ
ľ룬ƺңԶɶε˵һͲңԶյʱ䶼ĴѾȫħӽ档
յʱǲдħֱԶħɱһʵϣ⼸ħ֪Կħ󣬾ѾҪˡǣѹ⻷֮£ǼħܵǿĸţҪ˵ЩħͨħˡҪ׷ɱǲܵ顣
ǵٶȱúķΧ㹻Ƿкܳһʱˡ
ȺսȻȼ̡һΣҲǶһ̡
ȵһħʱħѾ˺ܶ࣬ȴ࣬Ϊ֧ϣħȴûеõ䡣
ħھɱٱӳֱŭеıۣЧĵֿˡħҲ᧿Σ
ֹƬ̣ٴһħɱֻʣ£ǸʵǿɫƤħȻţҲѾǳء
ڲٿħѹħԵҲ뿪ħԳֻ֣ܼʹߺɫƤħ
ྰԣ
㲻úһ᲻úģħ壬ԲḲ㲻ֵģ
ɫƤħ֪Լһ˻ԡѾ˵ֿ׼֮ǰɱࡣ
㲢δܹЧתʱ򣬾ԾͲµ뷨̴ôɫƤħ
ڣɫƤħҲɱ
ɱͺܼˣսڳ˰ʱʱĻ
ųɵħսӳȥģһɶ
ô޷ɨսٴνħħĺλãĵط
Ѿȫħɵľͽħĺλá
һɫľ޴ᾧ塣žԲٿħʱ򣬾ͷ޴Ľᾧ壬ҲˣħԴȪ޴Ľᾧ塣
˽Էһ̾
⵽ʲô
Ȼӵ˷˼ԿŲԶľ޴ɫᾧ塣
ħߺѹ⻷ҪӴԸоǷһߣҪͲϰٸż񾧲ṩ
֮ǰⳡսħٿħԲٿħħߣѹ⻷߷˺ܳʱ䣬ĵһǳ˵֡
ħĵȴȫɫĽᾧ塣
ԾĿźɫᾧ壬ڴ֮ǰӴδֶ
ȻաҾȻɫᾧ
̽ɫᾧ壬Ȼ֣Լ壬ȻɫᾧңЩʱ򣬾ԻоӰһ˿
̫ǿˣ
ᾧֲ̺˼㡣ǻǰҲԵúСϡ벻ħ֮Уȱٴη̾
ɫᾧ̺ħϵĴ߷ߺѹ⻷ҲάáûħȨҪռƤħ򣬿ϣǺܴ󡣡
ɵĲٿħӦйءħǻ춴£Ҳǻ춴ĴСţֻһֽ͡򣬾ʥʦҪħҲɵ顣
Գš
ɫᾧ壬ҵôߡҵӰܹ˵ò˶ãܴﵽĲΡӰﵽҵսҪһЩʼ黹Ҫǿˡ۾
ͻȻ΢΢һ
֣Գϵ
ڻؾʱ־Ծ˵棬˵޴ڵġأҲܹϵġ
Сӣңһޱȵֱӽ뾰ԵԺ
ȻֱϵҶԻ
ȻҪһ㣬ɲÿһ鶼ԵġҲþԵǱΪһϣԲŻԾرԴ


1622 
Ǽǻĳʼ飬Ҳʱйͨ
ҪʵֻͨݱĦ
ԣȴͿϵ
֣ǰҴδɫᾧ塣Ӧöû˵⵽ǺȻ̲˿ֲܡüѯ˵
˵ӡݶ
ӣɫᾧ壬кӣָһºɫᾧ塣
ţһʼ飬ôеġӣԭһ챦浮ȷе˵Ӧһ塣ɫ̺ǿҪվͺѣҲ޷ֱպӵ־˵
ӣǻһ壬Ҳ챦
춴Ϊĳʼ֮һܹŪֱҲ
֪һ
Сӣ޷ֱպȴԡǿȣһĳʼ顣պȫԣд־˵
ţħߴħ򣬰鱨ÿһħһħҲ˵ħܿÿһħڶһӡԵ
ΪﵽΣܶԾṩıѾٺˡҲıԶԾγɴ
ȻˣԵȻŹ
Ȼܵǻת򡣾οþԣҲὫЩԴ͵ǰһлҪԼȥ
л֡Цŵл
־ȥ
ԳԽΪ̺ʵ̫ͣҪҲһӾġڣħһ壬ֶħȫƿءһЩʱ䣬ԵǳɹյԼǬ֮ڡ
ֹ˼죬֧ҲԪĴҲƤħħ뾰Ե˻ϡ
һʱγƤħ
Ƥħħ֮䣬ƤħܽƤħ£һͿԽָħħҲǺƤħ
ʱħħ߲㣬Ҳ͵õϢƤħ䣬ƤħħȫսƤħħӳһɶ
ĲҰףħ߲㶼ɫ
ģ
ѵħ޷ֹǾ𣿡
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ɳ͵Ϯ彮Ķ飬ҲˡǸаѩĻ𣬾ڶħ򡣡ɫƤ˵дһ˿Ρ
ħ壬Ҳħʱɳȥ彮Χκԡǣһλѩǵ뷨ֱӾͶɱˡɳĶ飬뿪ħ򲻾ã˰ѩĹһħڵĶȫնɱ
ƤħħǣħսףɫƤħ˵
ʵҲûбİ취ˡ
ƤħǽҲƤħжֻħʵƤħǿʧħħ壬ħҲûˡ
ħһۣȻķƤħ򣬵Ҳ֪Ҳûа취顣ܲȫ뿪ħ򣬵Ƥħһս

Ƥħ򣬼ûκεֿһ·ƽִƤħħ
ħڲһЩħħٿءЩٿħħҲ֪Լɣֻϣ֮ǰħһʧ
ǣԵȻԸƤħħ֮⣬ͣ£ԶԳħڳܼߵĹ󣬾ԽһħҲ
ƤħħȷʵҲһӣԺĽڶħڵĺҲ뵽ǬС֮ڡ
ռƤħٴһûмƤħ򿪰Σͣ˲̵ʱ䣬ȺĴӪ̡ҩϵ͹
ƤħħħħȻںƤħ򣬽һսԣԺλΪ뾡ܵĻ̺͵ҩ
Ƥħ˼ʱ䣬ٴοΣƤħ
ʱԵӰܣҲ˱ȽҪӡ
ոսƤħ򣬱ǿĵֿ̺ջǽһħ


1623 ѩ
ֱ룬ֱ
ںƤħħԲ֮⣬ͣ²
ԴˣħħضħսҪһħ²ɡԪü˵
ںƤħħ֮ڣħɲ١Ȼ֮ǰļδս֮УħħҲ˼ŵħȻжʮλ֮ࡣ
ħͱҪһЩܻħ壬ǵЩħ岢óֶΣټħ彮еơ
ڿ˵ħĴ󲿷ںƤħħǶսǼ
ҪӽħӲߵĹһԽӽħڵħǱضԾءʱⳬʮħͬʱ֣ټϾҪӦߺѹ⻷϶ܼѡ
뾰ԴһͬħЩħǳأԸǣ˵
ҲʮһڶҲ߸ȫȷʵԼᾰԺܴѹ
˵ûЩȫԸԴ˶ħһħȨһսˡ޷ͷ˵
תĿλһ΢Ц
żٵȵȣҪðա˵
䣬һǱڳ׽ܿģһɫȹӰ˵С
ѩ
ѩ𣿡
ѩȻˣϲ
ѩսİվʹˡ
Ѿȷħħ඼ԣҲͲõħᵽ཮ȥƻңФνҲڲ֮ǰص཮򡣾ħ廹ûټħǰ཮ФνҲΣգ֪ͨҡЦ˵
ԣϲ
ѩ𣬴ʱѾ˽ھߡ
ԣǾħ𣿡ѩĿ֮ĺɫ޴ħ
ţǾħħħĶǿ߶ҪսʧͱħѩһˡԶ԰ѩ˵
áѩͷӦ
ꡢ޷Ԫλѩھȥħ˳Ǿ͵Ҳٿħɱȥ˳λȥ֧ԮҺͰѩ𡣡ֶλһ˵
Ӧ
ಣ
ৣ
ʩչռޣŰѩһ˸ħӽ˹ȥ
ͬʱħѹ⻷ħ֪׽ħѹ⻷ΧڣҲȫûбҪˡ
֮߱Ƿļ
ѩ߹ǳֲֵԶ԰ѩ˵
ѩȻǻ𣬵ûоԵǿѩ߻УǿܻΣգܻܿˡ
ѩҲһ㣬û˵ϻǾϾߡ
ԺͰѩٵĽӽħ
ˣ
ǸľԣǸаѩŮ𣬶ˣ
λ׼ɱȥǸԲ֪ʲôܹɽǵħԣǾԲӽħһҪֹ
ɫƤħվ
ʮħȫɳħžԺͰѩӭȥ
Ϊ˫ʼս˺ܶࡣ߹ʽ򵥣һֱߣٶȼ졣̫ܼļͿܻ˵ħٿħħҲһ㡣
ʮħΧԺͰѩ
ѩƮѩҲʱ̵άšƮѩ֮ڣħǵĶٶȶܵصӰ졣Եѩϼ˪࣬һʱ䣬Ҳ޷ӽħ
ΧĴλ𣬽ŵĿԶ˵ĽսΡ
ħ̫࣬ħҲΧԺͰѩˡ޷ԪλǰȥԮΣλ˵
ãλͬȥ֧Ԯ
λһε𣬶̳ѹ⻷֮ڡǶǶѹ⻷ȻЧˣ˵ֵҲԵó
ܿ죬λͼվȦλļ룬ԺͰѩѹʱࡣҪ֪λ𣬶ħǿħ൱Ĵڡ
ڣһᣬһɹΧԼʮħΪһħ
ã
ǾҪħˣ׷Բȥ
׷ϡЩѩǵٶȡɶѩôǿħħˡ


1624 ħ
һħֽȴĪκΡ
ʵ̫ǿˣħ׺Ǹ޷ֹԺͰѩǿߡ
תۼ䣬ԵħĽǰӰһʧ
ȥˣ
ô죿ɶħǾԿƣǻӲ
ãѹ⻷ѾڹǣħϾ͸оħѹ⻷Լѹ
ѩʹλ𣬶ѹһᡣûħǵѹǶԸЩħ͸ˡ
ͬʱħѹ⻷֮Ҳõ˽źţȫٳ˽
˫ȫ濪ս
ֲ̱ܡϾһսˣҲͲˣȫħ
ڵΣħǷǳġЩͨħħѹ⻷֮£ԱǳѣҪ˵ˡ
ڶ̶̵ʱڣħʧءʼħս
ƽ忪ʼб
ħڵľԣҲʼչעսţħɱûȥǰͲ㱻ħ帲һսյסħ֣ﻹж໹Ż֮У
ˣ
ʱһɫʺȻ١
䣡
ɫ䵽ϣռ䶼ҵ
ɫ⽵ʱԾͲˡĿ⣬Ҳӹȥ
ħĿѸٿ˺ɫı塣
һ𣬷ǳӴħЩħԶԶûӴϣɢޱȾ˵ϢԶڳЩħǼһ൱ǿħҲࡣ
ħˣħ壬ȻиǿĴڡת
ʵϣ֮ǰԾйԤˡڿǿԲ⡣ͺ壬ԾЩǿҲФǡΡǣ˭ָ˵ûиֲǿ߻һ֮ڣ
ħˣ
ħˣħ˽٣ħоˣ
սеħǣոսٵӰ¶ȵĿ⣬˷ܵĺЩħдͨħЩ¡Ȼǲ֪ԼȺڣһλʵħ档
ħ壬Ҳֻм߲㣬֪ħĴڡЩ߲㣬Ҳܾúܾûмħˡеħܴδۼħ棬ֻħĴ˵˵ħĴڡ
λħħ棬ҲȷʵûħˡһΣħ֣֮Ȼ᲻
ħ棿ˣüͷ
ħħ棬Ȼţڻڣ
ħʵǳֲЩ鷳ˣûħ棬ħĸѾǱȻ顣ڡ
Ҳ֪λħħ棬ʵжǿܴܲﵽԴˡѩ˵ĲΡǣ򵥵Ľš
ħ潵ٺתħ
ûжֱ֣ħȻҲ֪ħѾľԿˡ
ಣһߣħϮɱ˹ȥ
ħ濴߱ƽûκζ˼ûȥֵߣֱӾħ
䣡һ촫
ħ޴ˡǣҲǺһξ룬ûܵôصơ
Ҫ֪ǾԳߵĺܡԶˡԵǿ̶ȣƾڶӰ磬ǿȫڻʼġλħ棬ҲߵĺһԱȾȻ֪ħǿ̶ȣͬǴﵽʼĲˡ
ħ棬ܿҲǻεǿڡ
Դˣɷ˵仰
ħ汻ߺδ¶ŭ֮ɫҲûмɫ˵ݻǶԾ˵
˵仰΢΢һ㶡
λħħ棬ĪҪԼ̸вɣ
΢΢ҡҡͷħҪȥǲ̫ܵġս̶ֳȣ岻ߣħħսҲȥ
ҲûֱӾܾҲλǿħԼ˵һЩʲô
˵ɣû뿪ħֱӶħ
Դˣǿڳʼ飬ȴֻһࡣ룬һɣħûгħҲΪ⣬ڻ˵
ħǻ춴壬Դ븲ħԭ޿ɺǣΪħԻìܡǣԴ˾ĿŻ춴Ӵ𣿡ħ˵
ⷬԲ΢΢ݡ


1625 鸽
ת
ħ棬Ȼ֪һԼ
ħȷʵǻ춴ȺԵû춴洫Ҳǻ춴ĵӡ˵ħҲܳһЩϵ
ǣƾħ⼸仰þ峷ˣǲܵġ
ħ棬ѵΪƾļ仰ˣҸ˵飬ҵҲһҪħ𡣿ϵ壬ҴӦҲӦ˵
Դˣ֪Ⱥ֮ìܺѻ⡣ҵһ顣ħ壬ΪĸȺΣħϵԲ״Ӧͽ⣬ת˵
ʵϣ֮ǰѾйĿǡ
ʵȻǿ󣬿λ𡣾սҲŤתƣħܵĿԴﵽ˳ɡ
ܹȫħ壬ҲǲԽܵ顣
ħ仰˵Ҳ㶡
ħ壿ΪĸȺ
Ҫ֪ȥԺͰѩλ֮⣬ǿߣûħࡣܹħ鸽ʵ
ħԷƣսͿħǰ󣬶ںƵСħ壬л
ò˵Щġ
ħħʱһ䡣壿һʱ䣬ǲ̫׽ܡǰǿһֱ壬Ϊǳ޷ħȡֱԺͰѩʵǲ֪ҲǿԷǳֲġǾԣǿȾԶħ嶥ħ
ħˣǡһλħҪ˵һЩʲô
Ҫ˵ħĿħֱӴĻ֪ħ˵ʲô
ˣҲĳӿǶħ鸽壬ǲų⡣֮ǰȻħͻܴ󣬿ħ鸽ԸⱻʹƺǱȲħ廹Ҫöࡣ
ͺ彮кܶ͵ڣɱһʤ󣬶кֱܴūʧܵһȫɱ
ԴˣԸⱻħ鸽ħԸģ壬ԸΪЧħ˵
ĿҲܿ˺
ħ棡飬ȷʵЩҡһҪһħӦԽħĹ鸽۾˵
뾰Դ˵ħ
ħڣÿһħһħħڶкӣҶЩӺȤ˵
Щħ̫ǿˣԼɵĿħôһսĺ˵ʤԣǴԼ濼ǣǴȺ忼ǣЩħħ塣
ԵĻħЩü
ħħ壬ȷʵǳҪħĸħ֪Ե˼ħڵĺӡ
Կħ棬ҲȣĵħԼǡ
˺һᡣ
ԴˣӣغħغħħĵҪħԴ˴кӣԺħ彫ħԣҿԴˣºƤħħӡħ˼Ǻ˵
ħӣħ̡ħķܣ岻ͬħȻҲ飬ǵķħֱصġħûдֵ֮ġ
ħĻЦ
ԣҿԴӦºƤħħӸħ塣Եͷ
ֻһħӣⲻʲô
ͬ⣬ħҲɳһ
ħɫѿǣħľҲ޷Υ˵һսħѾǱذˣûħ룬һս϶Ǳذܵġħ뾰̸УȻǳܽħ屣
Ƕ
ħЩħԸ
ħħߡ
ڣңһͬģħ彫鸽壬塣Υģ췣ħ淢ĵ
ħҲġ
ǵԷ֮󣬿ռ֮ڣһϵ־Ȼ١
ڳħĸܵ־
־
еħ࣬ޱȹ
Զ־ѾϤˡ
Ҳ֪ģ㹻ˡħԺΥԼԻή췣һ飬ֱӰġЩĳʼ飬ҲԿ֮ڣǲսġ
־ٵÿ죬ȥҲ졣ת˲䣬һϵ־ټ
ʱ򣬾Ҳɳħ
ԴˣħͷԼ
ħҲ׷׹ⲻ⣬ľѳۡ


1626 ׺ɣ
ħһɸ߲ħԼӴԺħհ
ͼ򵥶ˣ飬ԾͽλһȥԼŰѩǰħ򣬽⼸ħħڵĺӴߡ
ֻ£ħҲǺƤħħӡ
ħĪҲһֱͬھҡ
һ˽⣬Բ֪ԭħĪݣǻ춴ȴħ춴ͬʱĻкüħѾѶˡֻĪħ棬ʱᵽħ򿴿
ھԺͰѩ뿪ħ֮ʱһ顣ħĪݣҪھߣԸū͵ݸžԣ⵹þЩʼδ
ħĪݣȷʵǴﵽĲΣȻֻͨ𣬵ҲǻʵġʵĪݣȻԸݾΪ
ĪΪ˴ԵĹǣԸ¼̵ԼԼԼ˶ԾԲͷܵ췣ҷ
ʵĪҲǿ˾ԵǱ
ԾԣѾ˲ٵ˽⡣֪Ƿǳ࣬ʱ䲻ꡣңһܹ࣬춴ĪݿԽضܳɳʶĵز
Īǻ춴洴ĵһħ֪Ѿ˶áʵȴֻͨ𣬲ǺǰʹﵽһΣ뾡취ͻƣʵϵƣΪ
˾ԣԺܹа취أ
ħ壬ȷʵһûʲôԵ塣ģһЩ츳
ԣҲͬħĪݵΪūĪݵʵףǿΪԼ顣
ĪݵҲǿûСġħЩħ޷ɿСֻħڲС塣ǴﵽεĪݣһͲˡ
Īݱ仯СĪߣҲһЩ
ѩħѾһص͵һˣʰѩ˼
ѩԼͬһ͵硣ѩҲڵ͵磬λȥҲ̽һ¡
ţѩͷ
Щ仯뵽ԼĸסԴǰʦŮߣѩһֱûԼĸס
ԴŰѩĪݣǻص
صȻҪ񹬣ҲԼʦФӢԼһЩѡ
ԣȥҰԪЩѡ
ЩϤѣԶ˲ٵϧԴЩԴԾ˵ʲôЩ˵ɾͼѵˡÿһ
󣬾ԲͨԼǸ͵ռڵ㴦ԾԵʵɾʹͨһͨ˵ǾԣͨҲһġͨͨһֱһ󣬾˱ص˵͵硣
ˣĵ͵磿Īݿƶ硣
ǰѩǳ͵硣ǺǣȻǲȣҲ޷ħȡЦЦ˵
͵翴ƶ񤣬һŲͬѰĵطܳ˺Ͱѩǿأ཮󣬵Ҳû˵֣˺Ͱѩ֮⡣Ī˵
΢΢ЦЦҲû˵
ߣԼ򵥵˵һ֣һסѩĪݣֱԪ½Ķٳǡ
Ķٳǣȵ뿪ʱģ
ھԵ֮£ٳƺӴĳˡǰʥҲûжٳǷˡ
ԵУլԺҲһࡣ
СأԵѰҾԵټ
ţھլԺ֮ڣü
ȻѾûмǾԶԼĶȻİլԺڣϢ˲䱻Բ׽ڣԲδӦƵϢ
һԾԵǲľƻҪǲʲô⣬ƱȻúúõġ
ڵ͵磬ӦȻǿļ塣οһǵ͵ǿߣܳʲô⣿
ҡҡͷûٶ롣
ȻԵҲ̽͵磬ֻҪ໨һЩʱ䡣ʱûҪôȥʲôطҾҸ߲ʾ֪ˡ
׺ĸסû
оҰϢҲûСٴҡͷ
ҰǰǾҵ峤Ұ츳һ㣬ڵ͵ֻǺѴﵽʥҪ˵ˡⶼ꣬ҰܿԪݽ߶ˡ
ϢҲûУ
ţҴϢԸӦ˾ҵ겨
ǾǵĶӡ
ھң뾰ǵĹϵõġ
û뵽ҴȻﵽһˡڸʲôأǺǣȻϲЦˡ


1627 ˷
ʱľңھլԺһ֮
ԾһΣҲȷʵЩ⡣ҳڵѵʱ;϶̫ࡣ
ţȼҸ硣Ҹ϶֪һֱӴլԺػ󷨣ڵĵ֮⡣
լԺ󷨣͵ǿˡǣھȲδ˵ûУȫûκ
ǵһ°ɣҸƺһ¯ҩٽȥԶ԰ѩĪ˵
ѩĪݣȻûκε
֮ԾƬ̣ΪںƵ¯ҩ⾰ʱܲĸԣŲϾҡ
ҵˣԽԽˡ
ֻǣլԺڵľӵܣҼûЩҡҡͷ
뿪͵Ѿһʱ䣬һʱӵ֪ܲѾܶٱˡЩӵܣҲǾԵͽͽˡңھҲ漶Ĵڡ
뾰ͬһʱľˣûٻˡ
ϾֻдﵽʥԪܳһЩʥ֮£ǲ̫ܻڵġҵӵܣ㹻ԴµʱҲûܴﵽʥ
Բδ̫ãҵĵҩϡȡ󣬾Һһһ¯ҩƳɹˡ
Ҳʱ򣬵ĻȴͻȻ򿪡
˵ҲࡣҪɲסԣͻȻ򿪣þһ¡
˵ܴŵ˲࣬ǼԴ򿪻ŵľҸ߲ԱҲԼƵҩʱðȻĽ
ɫһ䣬Щá
Ҹ磡ԴŰѩĪһžңЦŴк
һΣˡ
Ϥ
ңǽҸ硣
ھ֮ڣûƺ
ϸһҵͫȻ
ԣʵһ۾ϳԣֻһʱЩԽܣ뵽ԻͻȻԼǰ
ңҸ磬ò㻹ðɣߵǰ
ԣ㡭ˣҼ
·Ҫ˾ָʱֻһССҩʦǾΪ˵ʦҴ
ţˡ뿪ܾãԵ˵ͷ
ãðԣһΪҲˡ۾졣
ҲҸ磬Ҳһ񾳽ˣʱǰ簡ͨ򣬽Ǳߣ˻չȥߡڰȫϣʲô⡣Ц˵

ԣ㲻֪ͨǱݻ𣿡Ҵ㵵
ͨݻ٣ü治֪¡
ţͨͨںܾǰͲʹˡǣҲ֪ô¡ֻ֪ߣѾ޷ͨͨǰˡ磬һ񾳽ҲһЩˣֻܼ硣ҡҡͷ˵
ͨǻʹãҲǴǰġ˵ڵϵĳɾѾ˶壬ҪдĽֻǰ硣
Եݱ˱䡣
ͨȻȶֻܳһͨǣûԭͨǲлٻġ
ûϵ
ͨˣٽһͨǡɫָ˵
һȶͨڵľ˵÷ʲô
Ҹ磬塭ת
ѾˣûܴﵽʥڰǧǰѾˡɫȽƽ
Ҳһ̾
Ȼ뵽ѾˡȷϢԲЩ˸С
ԼӦһˡԼṳ̂𾳽֮ǰҲ޷ص͵ġԼ̤𾳽磬ڲ֮ǰڿǵĻؾ
ȻæҲܻ
Ҹ磬ҸĸûլԺڣʵ
׾¼Ϻĸ׳ǣ϶ΪԪݽ߶
¼ǺڼլԺסģϲ߿ʱ򣬿ܼ궼һΡûϵǿԴѶǣˡ΢Ц˵
Сȥʥˣٰʱ䡣ᣬμӵʢᣬٰһΣҲΪ֡Ҽ˵
ţ͵ҲˡЦЦ
ȷʵ١Ƭ½ԨвٵߡǾȻǲɺĵһ壬Ҳࡣҵ


1628 ϵһ
͵ĵλȷʵܹġ
ǰǾԸҴ˼ʵĻҪ˵һ˵Ի͵¥ھ뿪͵֮ǰԻ͵¥絤ϵͳελͳ¶ˡ񣬻Ի͵¥鲼Ƭ½޾Ԩ
ŵ˵͵ʹõĵҩһҶǴӻԻ͵¥Ի͵¥þܹлȡԴ
˾ԣ߷Ͷѩ֮ǰǰ磬˰ɣ˵
ţˣܺáԵͷ
߷;ѩȷʵ֮ǰǰ硣񣬲Ҳҵʱˡ
Ȼʱ߷;ѩ뿪͵ʱܹͨʹõġ
ǾͺáҲظ
Ҹ磬Ҹһ¡λǰѩλĪݡԲԼûҽߵİѩĪݡ
Ǿ˵ʹӣĪݾͺˡĪݶԾҹ
˵Ȼһ񾳽磬ڻεĪǰǼֱ϶㲻ϡΪԵĹϵԾҵ̬ҲǷǳĿ
ǰѩȻ֮ǰû棬ǰҲ͵ġѩҲڶԾ˵ȻȻûʲô飬׺͡
ѩܿԶԾҸͬһ㡣
λ˺ãæ˹˹
ǶԳǾʹӵĪݣҲûκεİ
ԣһ֪ܲƣеˣҲкӡңкӣӼкӡԣҲھһˡͻȻЦ˵
Ŷ΢΢һ㶡
֮ǰû⡣
ڿӦڸ߷ĸŮǰ֮顣ҪȻӸ߷һԼ˵µġ
Ѿкܶ𣿡
ǵģܶܶˡţȻʱڸۡڣƵĵ黭ڸ֮ۡڣҪҪתĿ
ȻҪģԵͷ
黭飿΢΢һ
ֵʱ򣬾˲һˣȷе˵Ӧˡˣ飬֪黭᲻й
ԣͽ黭ܲĹҰţ
ٿһμᡣüȫĵϵԱҲһλ档Ǻǣڼڣû˼㱾ˡǼģڸۡ㳡񡣡Ц˵
ھլԺĹ㳡ϣһԵľ޴񡣾ҵӵܣӳʼҪ֪ھԵ¼ԣÿһӵУԶһ˵ΪԣҲܳΪǿļ壬˶ηҡ
ҲãԵ˵ͷ
ڻҪȥһˣ׼ȥʥţһ뾰һԳ˵
УȥʥȽϢȥҵ
ھ뾰˵ʱԵѾʥʥԨ֮ڣ֮ͨͨ¡
ԭԲ֪ʲôطҪ͵ͱȽϺķʱ;֪ƾʥμʲôᣬǾҵƾͼ򵥶ˡ
ңԵҵ˰ѩĸס
ѩ֮ûеһʱȥףҲΪĸûǸ֮ڡ֪ѩ׵λãȻҲϣѩܹĸס
˵ѩĸ׹ϵҲǷͬһ㡣ԻǳСʱ򣬾ǵõѩĸ׺ܶܿٳɳ
ৣԴŰѩĪݣӰһƾʧ֮ڡ
ھԵ뿪󣬾һɻĿ⿴˿ܣһ
綼һˣӦúǿ˰ɣţһǺǿˣȻôܴ˵ͨѾʹãʹãͨҲֻܳһԸղҲ˵ٽһͨȶܹͨͨҲ֪Ҫʵ
Ǻǣôʲôһǿ㽫ϢȥüҲи׼Ҳ뿪ҡ

ʥ
ʥһڿеӴ
ʥ֮£һܴĹ㳡ʱ㳡ϣۼŲ͵ǿߡкܶһߣʥߡ
Ȼ˵ᣬȻʥҲܹμӵġ
㳡ϣƴʱߴı֮ϡΪƣҲ͵ƾٳѾκܶˡ
ʱľƣɫȴЩÿΪ·һЩˣղŶһ˵󣬵ǵļƣЩ͸ǿӲ̬ȡ
ƿóвˣйͨ


1629 
Ŀ·Щ˵һһɨ
ЩĿӵߣƺЩڡǶӲͷƤȻѾ˾ߵһԲ׵ķ
ˣǲǶԾʲôǿļ壬õԴ޿ɺǡǣܼҵļһʥߡܼңƾʲôЩߵļõԴҪࣿһŲ˵
ᵽƣǰѩĸףǸǵĿͲˣڻԻ͵¥θ߲㡣
ܹ֮ˣȻҲΪԡ
ڵܼң˶Ҳ١Ϊܼһֱεǿߣ͵磬ʼղһ塣ƣҲֻʥ
ܼһõԴȴǱȺܶһ廹ࡣһ㣬û˵
ǣܼܻôԴûϵġܼҵԴ󲿷ֶǾṩġҲ˵ܼһõԴǴӾҷݶ֧ģûһëǮĹ
ЩߣЩһļ壬֮⣬ۺ죬Ǽܼҵõĺô
ģǺġ
ȻֱԾң㽫ìͷָܼҡ
ƣɫҲ̫ÿ
ʵϣһʼƾ;ܾӾһȡôԴҲ˵лɾƣȴǳ֣Ҳƴǡ
ɫԽԽѿ
֪Щ˸վԼʩѹ϶֧֧֡Щ˵ˣǾƻջŭǣ֧Щ˵ģܿԼڲھˡ
ƻû֤ȷⱳˣҲܲ³һΧ
λ
˵ǣܼҵõԴٶ࣬Ҳ޹ϵܼҵԴǴӻԻ͵¥ֱӷ䡣˵ֱ׵Ļ㾰ҽԻ͵¥͸ܼңҲǲɡƵͳ˵
ˣ⻰Ǿ޷ͬˡ
ǣԻ͵¥ȻǾҵĲҵҲ˵޹ذɣڣ綼һģٿѡΪĿ𣿻Ի͵¥ĲϣҲṩ𣿻УЩ֮УһûеʦڻԻ͵¥

һȺ˷׷׿ڷơ
Ǻǡ
ǽ죬˳׼۾
˳ǵ⣬ǵΣһȡ
ʱվơ
壬Ȱ˵ҡƶƵ
ˣֵĻôֻܽڵĵʦӻԻ͵¥ˡ룬˲ֹôɣһ˵
һһ˿
Щˣǻ쵰
Щ壬ȷʵкܶ൤ʦڻԻ͵¥ǣǼĵʦ֮ڵкܶĳɾͣҲǵڻԻ͵¥ĳԱԻ͵¥Ƕһ޶ġЩУкܶ൤ʦڽԻ͵¥ʱֻССҩʦֻڵһ츳ǽ˻Ի͵¥ʽϵ·
ڣȴвҪʦȫԻ͵¥
УҲЩѹ֣ŭؿ
ЩĵʦڻԻ͵¥ռ˺ܴıءȫǶԻԻ͵¥ӰǷǳ޴ġ
߾߰ɣԻ͵¥뿪κˣ
ʱһͻȻӿн١
ȫˣ΢΢һСûпκӰϿա
˭ŭȵ
գʱУӰͻأĳ֡Ӱһ˸䵽·Ĺ㳡֮ϡ
ղ˵ˣǾԡ
ǰȻûЩ˵һǵ˼ҲȻ
ԣ
ѩ
ƿٵӰ죬ŵɫĿת
Ȼ벻Լٴμԣټѩ
ΪⱲӿܶŮѩˡͨʹãҲ޷ǰ硣
סѩƣһ
ǰѩƵĹϵǺܺáڣѩľǰѾ˺ܴĸı䡣ٴμףѩֻС
ף㡭ˣƿԣæվ˵Щ¡
ţԶԾƵͷ
λǴȥġĸ׺ãšԶԾ˵
ʱȫߣһմģһЩ˴δԱˣٲǼġЩûԱ˵ˣҲϳԡԵĵ񣬿ɲֻھҸۡУܶҪУоԵĵ񣬾޾Ԩеġ
Щߣֻһɺ鲼ȫһƬհס


1630 ̫
͵磬ȻǰѾʱûԵȻǺÿһߵ顣
˭֪ǰһ͵Ͼķѵ״̬ԭʼľס޾Ԩ֮仹ˮݡǾҾԵĺճͳһ
Ҳˣ͵ܳ񾳽ߡ
񣬾ԣֻˡ
ȫߣ𾪵ǳеɫӰ
֮ǰҪƵǿߣҲĵĺ˼Ծԣûκεĵа塣
вֻûκô
ؼǣôص͵ģ
ͨѾʹãܹʹãԽһ񾳽Ҳ޷ͨͨС
Ҳ˵Եʵܿǿ޷ĵز
ˣеġ
תĿЩǿɨ
ǼĵʦҪ˳Ի͵¥û⡣
ЩĵʦǣкܴһֶڽԻ͵¥ϵһ;ǣü嵤ʦ˳Ի͵¥ҲԲ
һԼԴˣҲð죬ǿ˳ˡ

λ֪ǰͨٻˡߣ޷ǰ硣Ҵ㣬½һȶͨͨھҾԿơǺǣ뾰Ҳһĵĸ˺ͼ壬ǾͲ˼ˣǲʹþҵͨǰ硣һ
ЩˣҲ̫
⣬Ͳá
ھҴ֮£һ巢չöãɽأȻ㣬ȻҪõࡣ
Ҫ壬Ҳǲȱٵġ
ԵĻ¶֮ɫЩҡ
͵磬̤һ񾳽磬һ;͵ˣ츳ٸߣҲ񾳽硣Ҫ̤ߵĲΣͱǰ硣ͨٻߣֻгһ붼ǰˡ
ԭǻû̫˼ͨˣʹãٶҲáڣֿϣǵȻ޷޶ԡ
Դˣ
ĺڣղҵ̬ȣǷǳĲ׵ҲǱģ˵ЩԴˣǧҪҼƽϡ
ԶԶԣܼ뾰ҹϵǳóԼԴܼңʲô£ңûҪЩԴԴˣ͵֮ǰĻǷƨ
һǿߣ׷ת̬ȡ
ǡ֪Ȼô˵δô롣ǣܻΪܼҲӦõõôԴ۾
Ҳҡ֡
ˣܼҵǿ󣬲ܹġλǰѩǰ֮ǰζǵĳƵŮǿҲи˵ѩڣ˭ǲսѩԿ˵
һĿ⣬ѩ
ڳУٶǻꡣǣ֮У˵ѩĻ治ࡣϾѩûо
ô˵˲עѩ
ǶܼһõԴ𣿡
ΪܼС۸𣿡
ðҾվǿԶҳֻ֣Ҫ֮ܽڵܼҵԴǵġѩʱ򿪿˵
ѩ䣬ЩҲᡣվ˳ԼԲںҲΪΪ忼ǡ
ţ
ӽ֮ڣ
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ǺôҲһ񾳽ǿߣѵ֮ڷΧ
ֱ̫Ƿˡ
ǣȥ᲻Դ˵ĲԴ治˵ʲôнԺǵļ崦ɾͲˡ
һЩ˰еĽ
Ƕˣѩ˵ˣֻҪܽΧ֮ڣǻʤǣԣҲһ֡ġҲΪǴʱֶǡ΢Ц˵
ʱƵЩ
ŮѩĻҲǱòᡣ
֮ڣ
̫˰ŮǺǿҲ޷ֹڶһӽ֮ڰɣ
Ƹ˵ʲôȰ˵ѩ̫СˣԾȻҲͬѩ˼ֽĻȥ
ԣ
ٺ٣ֻԡҽһʤҵļҲҪܼҵκԴ
һһԽڶһ˵һ߾ҪŰѩӽȥ
ǺܿģɫͱˡǱ죬÷ڣΡɫֱף԰һƬڵĴϢŴ
Ϊʱ˿̵̼þóˣȴ޷ֺ


1631 黭
壬·Ƕӡ֮СܵĿռ䣬ÿһ綼̺żȿֲѹ
ָоֱҪϢ
ߣȴûκεĸоȫûиоռ
ôˣ
ѵˣ
峤Ǻ£ղžͲӦվȥ
ȡЦǱǶӡеĽ峤
ȻҲ˿˲Ծ峤һҲоκεǹ۲쵽˽峤ɫ̫
ѩˣֹͣɣ䣬ҷˣ峤֪ԼʵȰѩֱө¡
˵ȫûпɱԡ
վȡ衣
仰֮ܿռڵʱɢһգָɣͷصȺ֮С
峤ô£˵ʵ
ˣһġЩ˼УҲһ㡣峤ή˵
ôţ
峤㲻ΪֺþԴ˹ˮɣ
㶼û˵ӽףŸշˡ
˲Ž峤Ļ
ǲţԿȥԡ峤۾һ˵
ϣȥԡĻҪһҲνˡ
ȻԾԾԡ
һ񾳽߰нһһͬ
ˣЩһһͬʱǰȥ
ǵ壬ȴδǵͷжǰ峤һģһһľ׮һֱͦͦָܶ
ʱǲȫλ峤Ļ
ѩͲһεġ
ѩֱ΢΢չָᵯһ¡Щһ񣬱ص䵽˵ϣ嶼Ƕʯ֮С
ȫߣһĻŶȷţǰѩʵΪֲ
ܼңҲ˿ֲǿߡ
Ҫ𣿡΢ʵ
еһ񣬶صҡͷѩ񣬳˾η֮ɫ
ƶỹʲôҪûУǾͻضٳǰɡԿ˵
ûˣٿһΣûʲôҪ顣һΣҲЩҪȡҪʩѹҡͷ˵
šԵͷ
ƿȫ˵ᣬɣλûʲô飬͸ɢˡ
ž仰£Ƿ׷תȥ
ѩʵŮѩ
ʼѩЩһսʱƻЩġȴû뵽ԼŮʵȻ֮ǿЩŮǰûУңԶľ롣
Ůʧٵʱʵô͡
ϸ磬Ůڿǿˣڻ֮Уվ۷ġǺǣ˵Щ͵磬཮򣬰ѩҲǿĴڡЦ˵
û˵ѩǻΪ˵ˣҲ˽⣬͵ߣûһ
ž˵һĿ֮ɫ
߰ɣһضٳǡֵ
һ֣һˣռʩչһִ̱˶ٳǡ
ƶȻã˽ϢǾһӦǿļ壬ûκһսҡôᣬô£Ŀʵ
ֻЩ壬ȻʵҲûǸӵġ⣬ھڲǾˣǾüԴֳָܼҲʣֱֲվ˵ߥЩ˶ʩѹҪ˼ܼҵԴЦ˵֪ѯʵ˼
𣿡Цһ
լԺԵּҡ
ԣѾϢȥһЩصļԱܶʱϲμӡҶԾ˵
ûϵ԰ڰ֡
ţѾʱ䶨졣ˣ˽Ϣȥˣ¼֪һϵ˵
ţã鷳ҸˡЦ
ѵûص͵磬϶Ҫһ׺ĸ׵ġ

ҸۡһԺڡ
ƣžԽԺ
黭Ƴ
ӷڣ߳һòŮӡŮӣǾƵ黭֮Խͼ黭ҲһЩ⣬һ黭黭ǲԼǸҵˡ
๫黭ԣü˶Ѿϳվھߵ˾ǾԣϾھҹ㳡ϵĵܿԾ΢΢Ƿһ
ף黭黭Ǹ׾ԣղŴƽ˵
黭黭ԾǷ
ض񡣡΢ЦŰڰ֡


1632 δ֮
黭ڵΪʥ۷壬Ȼδ̤ΣҲԶˡ
黭һ¡Ե
ʡ黭Ȼĵ
ϱȻҲɻ󣬲֪Լʲô⡣ȻҲнͣδԱˣֻԵĵԵĴ˵
㱳Ƿһңֱʵ
ؾ֮ڵõ֮ʱ򣬾ʹӦλǰæѰˡҲѰҹȴδҵ
Ҳ־ԣȻ̤һ񾳽磬ɶ˵͵ҲǺܴġԣʱǲܽÿһ䶼һġң㽫һҲδҵ͵ҲһЩؾżȵȡ
Ե⣬黭ɫЩŹ֡
ף黭޼塣黭ʶҲһɺϡʱҽɭѰһֲϣ黭ƶԸ׾˵
黭ʶ󣬶Ϥ㺡˾ϵʱ򣬾ƾʹ黭пӵٳǣ黭߾ƵԼһˡ
ƵĻüͷ΢΢һءѵֻһɺϣֻǴ飿
๫ʵȷʵһġ黭ȴҡͷ˵
һ㶡
У黭
ҵļ壬һؾ֮ڡؾڣֻ֪λãҲֻܴ򿪡黭˵
黭Ϊβңü
๫ʱʶʱ䲢ܾã绹ʮֵ˽⡣ҵǰ˵˶ǳӵġЩӵܣǲܱ¶ݵġʱȻ֪๫˺һңҲ¸๫鷳黭Ǹ˵
Ҳ
黭ȷʵ֪Ѿ˾޴ı仯ԲŲơ֪ѾȫûкʵĻٶԾ𡣶ң黭˵ҲҪ๫֪֪޹ؽҪ
ûˣԵ˵ͷ
ļ壬һѧ֮ʵ
黭ļ壬Ҳ֮ǻϾͿȷ黭ļ壬ԼѰҵңҲλ֮ǰĺˡ
ȻҲ֪ҵ֮黭
ᵽ֮黭вһַɡ
֮ԱΧˣΪ֮ط磬кܶǿߺͼҪҵ֮Ϊ˶ܣҲϵǨƣղŷǸʺϾסؾ뵽ǺεΪ֮أ
˵ҵ֮ҲͲˡ
ţԵɺϣһλǰ֮ģж飬ҴӦҪæѰҺˡֻǣһֱûҵ
黭֪ҵ֮ûϵҿԸ֮طЦ˵
ˣڲҪٶκˡ磬Ӧûκ˺ͼˡ
˵û磬ҾؾҲٱΧɱҵǸؾѾϰˡҲȥѯǷԸ磬ǲֻǻһЩӵ黭˵
ȻҲð죬æߵ飬ȥؾˡԲĵ
ԴʱԺȴԼɭּŮӡžҲ˵黭ɭֽʶġ
黭ؾڣĪɭ֣һʵ
ǡ黭ͷ
ȻҲЩꡣ
黭ҿľ磬ҲͲһˡת˵
ǵģھԴҵ츳һЩʼղ̤񾳽硣黭ͷ
ʵϣ츳ѾܺˡȻȾǸʱ˺ܶ࣬ܳΪģȻǼټ١̤ʥʼˡѩĸƣҲʥΪ
츳̤񣬺׵ġЦ˵һ
֣֮Уһɫ뵶ɫâ˲Ϣס黭
ɫ⣬ǻ֮
֮ס黭Ľ룬黭塣
һԲĿŸ׾ԵĶ֪ʲô֪׾Բ˺黭Ҳûκε
̵ֻܶʱ䣬Ծջֱۣɫâ֮٣ȫӿ黭塣
ڻ֮ʧͬʱ黭Ϣȴ͵ķ˱仯
һԵľƣɴ۾ŵĿ黭
Ϣ黭ͻˣƼֱ֪е𾪣


1633 ȴһ
黭ͣʥ۷ѾܾúܾãȻҲԹܶ෽һֱûܵõͻ̤񾳽硣
Լ黭ⱲҲ̤񾳽ˡ
һʥԪһ˻һߣȻǷǳʥҲܻʱ䣬ԶԶ޷ȡ
û뵽Լĸһ֣һɫĹâ黭壬黭ֱͻˡͻƣҾƺȶӣϢҲǳǿ
ո̤񾳽ʱ򣬻˲ٵʱŽȹ黭ͻƵ񣬾ֱӾȹ̵ġ
黭Ҳ¶˼Ŀ⡣
񡭡̤񾳽ˡ黭ţϲ
ȵǰ֪Ҫǿٱ
лл黭æǷԵл
黭;ƣжһƻõĸоԼĸ׾ԣȻӻ־һʥ̤񾳽磬⵽Ǻε
ˣǾƵӣԼˡ˵˵ʲôΪѵ¡԰ڰֲ˵
黭ľᵽΣδĶٻ֮
ơ黭Щߣһξ֮ϴġǾԲھþơ黭õ֮ھմĻ֮ڽܹյĻ֮϶ͻһЩ
͵˷ˡ
Ⱦ羭֮ϴ󣬾һЩ֮Ż󻯡
ƣǰڶٳʱᵽЩʩѹΪڲ֧ǡ˵˵ʲôתʵ
ȷ黭ݻҴں󣬾Ҳȴһ£ڲ顣
ףڲȷʵһЩˣܼҵõԴм̫ϳϡǣΪܼˣܼûʸӾһȡԴ˵
̫ϳϣ˭ʡ
ǵݵλܸߣһЩ˵ĳǸǸʱļ峤ϡƵ
УǿҲҵĲԿ£˾ͷɫ΢΢һ䣬ŭ˵
üûӡ
ţǾӢүүĶӡ˵һý壬븸ͬƿЦ˵
ھң뾰ԹϵΪ׽ˣ˾ҵĸ׾֮⣬峤ϾӢˡ
λص͵磬Ҳ֪ӢѾȥˡǲ֪ӢȻһӡȻӢھǰеġ
ǾӢĶӾͷ´ȷʵҪú˼һˡԲɱӺԲɱӢĶӡȻζԵӢԼչˣ
ˣƷΣʵΣԳʡ
ףʵƷԻͦõģҲʥΪֻЩϲûЩΧͶƨΪЩ˶á֪ЩֻǽðˡҲ̸ȥֲ˵̫ǿӲĻҲֻաε˵
ţ֪ˡֻҪƷû⣬ǾͲǴ⡣յļᣬٹ˵°ɣˣҪȥһҵĹˣæԼİɡ˵ţӰ˸ʧ
ȻҲ֪ԼЩˣûٻˡһңЩŵģܲܰһȻЩţҲʥΪˣȻڡ

ҸۡһԺڡ
Ӱһ֮ڡ
ԾȻˣ
ҪٿᣬЩְֻǾƣҲܲ³ڱƲ֧Щʩѹ
ϣվ˵£Ҫ氡ǾӢĶӣĸ׾Ӣϵúܡ
˷׷׿ڣ˵Ŀⶼһɫ۵ߣ߾ǾӢĶӾ
츳ȻҲġ˵̤ʥڼչˡõԴԸࡣ
λϣԵҸ׹ϵãҸ׶ˡ˭֪᲻֣ü˵
ϣԷġˣ˵ֵġ뿪͵֮ǰϵ׽ˣõ˺ܺõչˡ㿴ܼңⶼ˶ãǼ岻Ǻչ𣿡һ˵
Ǿǣ
⾰ԣȷʵˡȻϣͷ¿
ϣǾԿ϶ںЩˣһں㡣ǣָֻ㡣һΪʥϵ


1634 
ЩôһάʱԼӡ⼸̫ϳлεǿߣԼǰǿͿ
˵Ҳԡ
ԼĸףǾӢǸʱ뾰ԵĹϵǷǳõġھ㸸ѾȥˣԶҲøԼһЩӡ
λϣҾǡǴӦҪͷˡ
ڵļϣĿж¶ϲɫȴûбֳȻĶһֶۣԾ˵һЩеĻ

ԵڶˣһЩڶٳǣҲкܶ൱겢ڶٳǡ
ھ˵ȫ⡣תԾͿ͵κλá

վڳϣЩȻˡ
˵µӡ޷ĥġԭǶٵһ¥ߣԽԻ͵¥˹ھӪϺ츳
ǸʱľԿ˵һУΪŶԾԵΣǲΪһ仰뿪ٵһ¥ġ
ĺܳһʱ涼ΪԻ͵¥ķչ׳ıߣ˵Ի͵¥ķչ׳ܴһݹ͡
һ㣬Ծһĸ顣
Ȼ潫ݸصúδҲδԾÿϾʱԺб㶼ǾԵӰӡ
磬ֹڵʾ
ǰһǧܼˡɫȻһƤ˵
棬ǧǰȥġ
ƤϵݾԶѾˣ¼ģ浱˵ֲҶԾ˵һЩ
һӣûѰҵ¡Ԫݽ֮ǰƤڶٳǵĻԻ͵¥ܲŽǾԻͽƤԡǾԲǾˡ
һֱţԻص͵硣ţԼƤϵĻܿ

ƤӰһǡ
վһ֮ۡǰۡƣ֮ǰмлء
ھԸʱǵĿƣǧǰͲٵǵĿǴȫļҾ쵽˶ٳǰ١
ڵĿĽ졣꣬ĽƵܹܡ
Ľ뾰ԣҲźܵĹϵĽŮĽƷƣҲ뾰йһЩ
ʲôˣǿ˵Ȳÿ
Ǵ΢ЦʱǼлԺֹ˾ԡ
ĽڣЦŶԻʵ
ڶٳǵʱ򣬾ԵȫǹĿҲ֪Ľڸ֮ۡڡĽ죬ҲѾʥΪúúõġˣŮĽƷƣͬšңĽƷȻҲṳ̂񾳽磬Ϣ̶ȣȴǻҪĽ졣Ҳ˵ĽƷƵʵǳԽĸĽ죬ܽӽˡ
ʲôˣ˵䣬еģŭȵ
ǺǣֻҪͨһ˵ٳǹáڻĺǳ⣬ȫ⡣
ǣ練ơֻǣ̽ѵģֱӽլԺԵò׵ˣϾⲻԼլԺ
Ǽᵽٳǣɫ˱䡣
磬˲֪ٳǡٳǳߣܾܿž˵ıϾǿ徰ҵϳ
֪ԴӶٳǶһۣþȺһ˽ȥۡͨ
Ƭ֮Ľ˳
Ľ첢֪Ǿˣ˵ǶٳǹáٳǵĹˣƺֻһܣǾҵˡĽ뾰ңһֱϵġ
ˣĽ첻Ҵ⣬Գӭӡ
߳ۡţվŵò۾ʱࡣ
ϸ磬ǣδˡԶĽЦ
ԣ㣿ĽȷʵЩԼ۾
Գ£ĽδõϢϾǽٿģԴڴ飬Ҳܴݵô졣
ԣңҲ֮ǰŴ㡣΢Ц
죬ĽŷӦæǷӭ˽ȥ

˭
ˣƺܿӡ
ǿɲǿó˶ˣǳĹ治֪֮ڣ˭ÿˡ
лۡ
Բԣղſ˽ʲôԣ֡ʱǸ˵ǵĿˣǸ˹ϵҲܺáһͻȻֽһѹ˵


1635 ĽƷ
Ľ콫һԺ֮С
һĿˣǿ϶ǵĻȥ̸ԾԣԲĶԴ
ף˵ٳˣλǰ𣿡
ʱһԺ֮
ԵԺ֮УʱֳһӰ
ĽƷƣ
ո£Ӱ뵽Ժ֮ڡ
ĽƷƣȥǰҲû仯ֻϸһЩ
ĽƷƿԣСʱſĿǲš
Ʒƣòȴк˵
㡭Ը磬ˣĽƷĿ˵
ԳĸĽϸ磬ƾΪԸ磬ⱲȷʵҲҵģҲûȥƽһ㡣
ǰ뿪ܾãǺǣƷƶ̤ʥˡ΢Ц˵
ϣкܶءʥͲʲôġԸ磬ǾڲкöεǿߡĽƷ˵
ҲԺ̤ܿΰ۾΢С
ôף̤ʥѾǧˣҲṳ̂ΡʥҲˣʥԪҲкüءĽƷƵ
ɲǿߣǻ˼ǧ꼸ʱ䡣˵Ʒƣȥ𣿡
仰ĽƷƺĽ϶¶Źֵı顣
Ƕ֪һͨͨʹˡôδص͵ģ
Ůǿˣžԡ
Ը磬ͨʹãô罵ٵģĽƷƺܿʵ
͵磬ԭ޾ԨĴ罵ٵ࣬ϵȾǸʱǢ˺ܶࡣԣһԭסҲܹøϢ
ĽƷơĽЩߣҲͨ˵ǰΨһͨЩֲǿߣû취ܹٵ͵硣
Ǵ翪һͨ͵磬Ȼ˳ĻˡԻȻ˵
ĽĽƷƶմ״žԣһܼͨ
ˣƷƣҸղ벻ȥ磿ת
Ȼģ磬һľ͵ˡ£ߣǰﵽ߲θߵľɣҲʥһɽҪԽȥءĽƷ˵
һ񣬲ѣ
˵䣬ֱɫâתӿĽƷơ
ԿĽƷ黭һģܽӽһ񾳽硣û֮΢һ£̤һ񾳽硣
Ľ죬ȴǺûֱ֮һ񾳽硣ԿóĽ̤ʥʱӦҪĽƷܶࡣĽʥ۷壬кܳһξ롣
֮ԸĽĽǱȴѽֱһ񾳽硣
ܿģĽƷ˻֮Ϣű仯
ĽƷƻЩ¡
֪ʲô飬ֻоԼǿ
ҡ̤һ񾳽ˣĽƷƾȵĽг
Ľ죬ҲŵԼŮ
˵һѵġЦЦ˵
Ҵ½һȶͨǰ磬ʱȥ磬Ϳǰˡ˵
ϸ磬ľ磬һЩԶԣ㻹Ҫĵһʱ䡣ҸһЩ֮ﵽʥ۷ʱ򣬿ԽգӦÿԿ̤һ񾳽硣ԵݹһƿĽ졣
ôУ֮ǷǳԴɣԡ֪㲻ϲЩһǽ㾰ϵܡϵܣƷ˻֮ѾܸмˡһƿҲյġĽ첢δӹԵƿ
ϸ磬ֱ˵ɣ֮УǶ䱦ˡ˵ûȷʵޱȵ󡣵ǣƷʹãΪֵáλ˴Ѿˡɫ˵
ϸ磬°ɣԼ
Ľ죬Ƭֱ̣۽ƿӹ
Ľ˼ᣬҲȥܾˡ
ԻҪȥѧԺûĽĸ̫ۡͣã˵һЩлԱ뿪
뿪ѧԺһĿĵرǺƷǵżҡѧԺʱһʦϵܺáʦ㣬ҲΪԻͻصƷǵżҡ
żһڣ
һļ壬Ȼûһ񣬿ҲʥߴڡںƷǣżȻžԵƿ
żҸ֮ۡ⣬ɨ㷢ʥߵϢլԺڣʥܻʥߴʱżҸ֮ۡڡ
լԺ֮⣬̽ÿһżլԺڵߣǽ̸
żӦûʲô鷳һˣҾͲٽȥˡһЩԴɣ̽һָֽ֡


1636 ʹ
ָһһöָֽռ䣬ֱӱ뵽һ֮ڡ
ʱڣżҵʥΪ峤֮Сָֽң˿ûвֱָ䵽ϷȻ۾
ǣż峤ȵǰԶָֽ
Ŀܣڳ֮⣬ûκˡ
ָֽģ
ô£ż峤˲æվָֽҡ
֮⣬жżҵĻڿء
˽ңż峤ѯʻ
ãȻҡͷ
һֱҵ⣬ûп˽ӽңҪ˵ǽ֮ˡ
Ź֣
ôͻȻһöָָֽڣʲô
ż峤ͷһָֽ̽
һ۾ʱԲˡ
öָֽڵԴൽԼ۾
ټ峤ϵãż峤ǼԸ
ǣӦ
żլԺ⣬δУż峤Ѿ鿴ָֽһ뿪˺Ʒǡ
ԵһĿĵأǵˡڵмλѻţԶһһʥ۷ֻһ̤εģҲĻ֮

գҵļٿ
Ǽ
ƶԼڼڵλܸߵӵܣ֡
⼸ӵܣ̱ܵǰ
峤ˣ˹ͬʱҲʱԡ
ƶԾԣһ¹ԺһŮԾӵܣǾƺ黭ŮҲǾԵӺŮ
游ֶ˺ȵ
游ˣͬʱԼ
ǶѾʥΪǾ飬Ѿʥ۷塣óûиԶ˵˵ͷ
游˹ˣ游ȣǲ̫Զˡ˶ǫ˵
԰ڰֱ֣չһЩ֡
ЩУȻǺܴ󣬵ǾƵġڵ͵磬ǾǶһ޶ĺöǾԲһЩ޴ǣ̫ǵʵҲ޷ʹá
ЩǷְַɣԵ
л游ʹͣ˶ĵл
游óĶ϶ͨġ
һϵӵѾˡܹʸվھǰ˵ģҲ;ԵӱӵܣֻԶԶĿš
ҵӵܣóһЩָǣһҲȡǲ˵κεĻ
ˣǲҪһλºܶ͵ûеԴЩԴÿһӵܶлõֻڷܣ츳ڵģлᡣȻоЩĿ⣬Ц˵
л棡ڶྰӵͬʱл
ԣľӵܶòˣǲڿʼʱ߹ѯʾԾҴǲ̿ʼ
ʼɣڲĴᣬҲҪôϽһЩͺáЦ
ӴĹ㳡ϣվ˾ҵӵܡ
ҵ̫ϳϡϵˣλġ׵λȻǾԵġ
߹ȥû£תȫ
λӵܣ
뿪͵ǰ磬Ѿȥһꡣһʱ䣬ҳΪһǿļ壬ûκһܹ뾰ȡ
һһķپĺܸˡľҸ߲㣬ҲΪķչķǶˡ
Ի˵
Щϣæʾ࣬ԼӦġ
һתͳ˵Ȼ׳󣬵ҲЩҪӡЩ⣬ܿӰ쵽ǾҵδһҪǿʢ˥ⲻǰжǿļ壬أӰӶˣ
ǧ̰ѨСҲҪӡ
죬ϣһЩǿߣԾʩѹΪܼҲӦõõôԴǾãܼ񾳽߶ûУ޷ǵļȣܼһõԴЩ廹Ҫࡣ
ʾˡ˵ܼҵԴ󲿷ֱֶӴӾȡģЩûκεĹϵ
۾˵š
һЩˣɫѾʼˡȻ֪ڽļϣ˵£Ѿ׼ǴʱȻβЩ
Ҳһ²֪ԭ֮ԻԾʩѹмڲ֧֡˵ʵҺܲˡԭǴֶµģһ룬һЩ˿ֻһʱĹϣҲʲôҾЩһᡣ
ڣֻҪվϴ󣬼ԼΪôҿԴᴦ۾ڼϡ̫ϳϵϡ
ǼϺ̫ϳϣĿⶼ򾰱
ʱҲǳĲƽδԣֻǴӼڲ֪Լĸ׾ӢϵܡԼҲǾҵĵܵܣǾͬ
˿߼ϵӲͷƤվ
Ը磡վԾԹ˹֡
԰ɣǾӢĶӣ˵ˡԿ򾰱
վĪ֧ЩԾʩѹľڲԱ𣿡ƽʵ
Դ磬˵û
ǣһ¡Ҳȥˣˡ
˵Ե
Դ磬֪ܼҹϵáܼҵ峤ƣкܶİˣǵݶ飬Զܼչˡ
ǣǾҶܼҵչѾˡܼҴǾڲõԴ޷㡣ǽܼҵԴԼӵϣøľӵܳΪ񾳽硣˵
Ҳ˵ӦöܼչˣϾǿΪԴ㡣ԴܹɳƶԴһЩӰ졣Ǿұ飬޿ɺǡֻǾãǲӦüһЩܼҵԴӦ
ţԴҵĴ󲻿ˡҪͷңҲû˵
Կž
㷸һ󡣡
ѵûԼ⣿Ա˵ͬ츳ľӵ֮УõԴѵǶΪܵõԴʵ
ȫӵܵ棬ֱӾ˵˳Ҳ˾ò
ҵĽɽǾһִµĻ˵ԾǾҵĻʵۡʵҪһ˶һЩԴʲô
˵ҵԴ˵ǹƽˡһЩϵӵܣֻҪŬһ츳ܵõĴࡣ
ʣɫ˱䡣
ǾˣҸǾӢҵõһЩԴҳԱͬɸܼôԴڲһЩ˾ϲ˵Ҳ᲻⡣ңһʱ䡣˵
ִˡܼˡܼҲҵļˡϣʶԼĴĸԸܳͷԵ
ΪǾӢΨһĶӣԾԲŻ˵ġ
˵ˣлЩ֪ô˵ˡ뾰Խа壬ûӡȻƷȷʵһЩ竣ǿŸ׾ӢĹϵֱӶײԡ
һЩˣ֧Ǽǿ߶Ծʩѹģվ򣬲ҪҷԵȵ
Ǽϡ̫ϳϣûվǴˡ
ãܺãеŭһЩ
£ȷʵᴦõģһЩ˴飬ϵûС˵ǲΪԼˣǾԲܽܵġ
ƣǵɣԶԾ˵
ǣվ
ƣһ֣˾֮⣬һˡУΣʣµҲʥΪ˵Щ˶Ǿҵ֧
Щֺ㳡ҲһЩ궯ÿһ֣ĶǾҵ߲ұҲܸߣеǾԵͬ
ţЩŭĿɨˡ
ϡ̫ϳϣǲܼ̵վ
ˣѵлΪԼǶԵ𣿡Ե
棬Ȳ˵û֧Ǽǿ߶Ծ峤ʩѹ˵ܼһԴ⣬ܼҶ˵Ǽˣ˵ˡҾã㲻ΪԼܼи飬ͽԴر͸ܼҡһʥϴ˵
Ǻǡ
Цˡ
ǾþܹôԴûϵ𣿡
ܺãȻˣǿ뿪ұ֧ԵѾ⡣
ھͿˡУܹžӵ뿪֧ҲԣҲǿԿܹһЩˡԼ˵
仰жһˣʥ뾰ұ֧ǻҲܹúܺáǣԲھҺá
ǣڿԵ̬ȣƺġ
ڳڶྰӵܣһҲɫ䡣
߰ɣӴˣ뾰ұ֧ûйϵԼܹöԴұ֧ҲҪһöʯԻ֡


1637 ȫ
Ȼǰ뿪͵磬һ궼ûлǣҪǾԣôǿ
ҪԴȡ;ǻԻ͵¥Ի͵¥ǾһֽġǻԻ͵¥ôӿֳ˶ʥ񾳵ǿߣ
˵Զҳϡ̫ϳϣҲھڣǾȻ˵ܼǾԵļȴǵļȻ
ôܲ
ãȻģǾͷֳȥˡ
ڵ͵绹཮һЩ壬кܶҲΪ֧ͷ֧һļ֧ϵӵܡϵӵܣǷ´ϲ뱾֧
ھԣ뿪屾֧ң֧ҪǷ֧κεԴ׬ȡԴȫԼ֧䡣Ȼ֧ҲǷ֧κεԴ
ϡ̫ϳϣɫѿ
棬֧Щǿ߶Ծ峤ʩѹǱϾû𻵾ҵ档ΪǴˣɾˣҲǺصĴαҪ屾֧һϵͳ˵
УУʥΪǴ뿪壬Ǳ֧Ҳк̶ܴȵ棬㲻ڵ͵ܳʱɣѵͲ£뿪֮󣬾ҵı֧һ𣿡
ûϣ;峤Ҫ˼˷׷˵
ʱҲ˿ûϴ˼Ҵ˵ĻƺҪвԵ˼
Ƕ֪Բڵ͵̫õʱ䣬뿪ǾҵĶǿһô࣬ʵͻȵʱδؾûһЩսҵİλ
˵һļ岻սǼǿأ
ɲȫܵ顣㾰뿪͵磬Ȼܹļ壬ǲԾҶֻ֣λأ
ȨɲСЩǿļ壬Ҫ˵˿λӣ϶ǲܵġ
ڵ磬ҲȫŽһģᣬЩ϶Ծʩѹõ֤
ǣڽ֮ڣ롣ŭˡ
߾ߣ
뿪ұ֧ҲδؾͲˣһһ£ǻԻ͵¥ķݶǲҲáһ˵
ȻҪõԻ͵¥һݶ
ǿЦ
Ի͵¥һֽġϸ˵Ի͵¥вҸ˵ġǣƾʲôҪԻ͵¥Ժȵ
Եϣһεѹ͵ļ
ϡ̫ϳϣٶ˵ˡǾԶֱӳɱǣ˵ĵطûС磬ûܹ뾰ԶԿ
ϣô˵ҪҪһߣһϿ򾰱
ĬƬ̺ҡҡͷ
ϣԼأһ̫ϳ϶Ծ˵
ˣԼһдԼĺˡӵδܴߣǵĺˣǿ϶ǿһ뿪ġ
һЩӵܣ½뿪ҹ㳡ʼʰƷ׼뿪Ҹۡ뿪ٳǣȥһжܰ

Ŀ⿴򾰱
ͷҲҿԵ۾
ڿʼʮꡣˣͻصԼסıԺûش飬㲻뿪ԼıԺ˵
ǶԾĴ
ǣӦ
ʱԼʲôҶײԣ뿪ұ֧
뿪
Ϻ̫ϳϣҲŲپӵ뿪㳡֮Ǿͻ뿪ٳǵľҸۡ
ƣ㽫κʥ۷εӵܶйԶԾ˵
΢΢Щ죬ǰո׾ԵķԸҶǿ߶˹
ҵĶǿߣμ峤ϻ̫ϳϵְ񡣲ҲвֳԱûеְģⲿӵһϲ£Բܾγϡ
ҵʥߣȷʵ١һ뿪֧ʥҲнӽʮӡò˵ھҵʵȷʵźܴӰ졣
ܿģһңԶطܸϻľҶǿ֮⣬ȫۼ˾Եǰ
ǣҴþ˵ķʽûѯڳ⼸ʮˡ
˶ҡҡͷ
棬ȷʵЩˣԼǿˣ˾ǿˡû㣬ҿܻǸ۵С壬磬ٳǶˡѾˡ
˵ҵһУھġܼ峤ƣһֱڻԻ͵¥θ߲Ե¥ķչҲкܴĹס׿ĹϵҲӦøܼһԴ
Ƕ֧־Ĵ
Ҳֻ֧֣ǣһ뿪ôඥ߻д²ӵܣھҵ壬ȷʵһӰ졣Ҳü˵
һ˵꣬Ͷ˵ˡΪȷʵʵҶһʵ⡣
ҲʲôǾҵԴ㹻ڶʱڣһЩ߲²ĳԱǾ͸ˡ峤˵
峤˵ǣ
Щ뿪֧Ǳ֧ԴͿԲṩˣʡԴҲһЩʥεߡһ̫ϳϵͷ˵
ţֻҪΪҵĴûͺã
˵ʵĲϣڲ⣬ϣҷѡǣһЩͬĵӵܣҪ粻Ҫ
ˣ¾Ͳ˵ˡ
Һֵģվת˵
࣡
Σ
䡭
Ժһ֡
ֵľˣɻǰվǲ֪ԣվҪʲôġѵҲ飬Ծ滹Ҫǽгʹ
һЩˣȷʵҲһЩСо͸ӵĲ
棡Ҵˣˡ
оεľӵܣֱӾ͹ɥһԾ˵
ţ㷸ʲô΢΢һ㶡
治֪ʥ۷ľΣǷʲô󡣵ȻӵһЩӵڲһЩΥҹ顣
ҡһӣ츳㲻ϣ̤ʥġΪܼ屦ڶŪһЩԴȫ˵
˶Դʵ
õİʯһЩ꾧εͷ˵
ʯһЩ꾧Ⲣ̫ࡣһĳϣ;ļ˵ЩԴĲʲô
ţһ˵⡣Ե˵ͷ˵
ȻõԴ࣬ȷʵҲǴ󡣷˴͵óͷ޹زɷԲ
ˣվһ֣һε̧
ףγЩԼźܴĹסܶ飬ΪϣܴᴦΪ顣
ЩڼڣȷʵһЩеͲļӵܣҲͰףܶеͲӵܣϲϡһЩϵľӵ鷳Ҫγϰæγ϶
ھ֮󣬺üҶߣҲΪγ顣
˵ˣѾ˵ε⣬һ˵ڣһ顣԰˰֡
֪ԽгЩӵվȥΪǷˣҪ
߸ˣʥں۷Ρǣ츳ܺãкܴϣ̤񾳽硣ǿܻҪܳʱͨε·Ի˵
ڣһὫǵľ磬ȫΡǾұ֧ʵͲΪСַȥ»˵䣬ֱһӡ
ɫĻ֮ٳ֡
֮ͬʱס߸˵塣
߸ûзӦˣͬһķ£֪ʲô˼߸ȫ񾳽磬ôܣ
ֻо֪׾黭ڼ̵ʱ֮ڣʥ۷̤εġ
ʱһĹȥ
ܿ죬ϢǷ˾޴ı仯ԭһʥ۷εߣڣϢѸٵǿڳ񾳽ľˣֱ̲仯
⡭
Ϣ
ϣϢ࣬ѵѾ̤𣿡
̫˰ɣ棬ֱӽʥ𣿡
찡
Ŀԣ˵Ǿһӽ߸εĻǾҵ񣬶֮һˣ
ܵĻ֮ʧȫӿ뵽ڡ۾˿ܣ˵񶼶ԼԼҲЩãȻ
ԸӦһԼȷţԼѾ񾳽ˡ
೤ϣ㡭ˣһ̫ϳϴ㵵ʵ
ţѾ񾳽ˣл棡˵һ䣬ֿĹ
ûлӦĿ⿴ڻ֮֮µӰţڶʥ۷徰ӵܵϢʼٵϣͬϢ
˶Բ۾ס


1638 ͨ
ڳľҸ߲㣬һȫʯˡ
δӦͽʥߴﵽ񾳽硣
ֶΣֱǺšǵ𾪲ûнֹڴˣĲʱʣµʥߣҲȫɢϢ
ʥһ⣬ȫﵽΡңһӶεǿߡȻǰϡ̫ϳϣþұ֧ʵ½һЩڿұ֧ʵû½෴Ļǿ
⼸ոճΪľǿߣоȵһӻûȫһʵ
ʵϣ룬ȫøྰʥ̤ΡֻǣЩ˷ˡ
ԽгʥǽӽεģҲʥڵĲΡˣû֮弤ǱĶٻ֮
Щո̤ʥջ֮ҪĻ֮Ƚ϶ࡣ
Ǿ᲻Щ֮ǽҪǰġڸսÿ˶һλ֮ԡϴ񡣵ʱǱԽԽոĻ̫֮ĻȻ绹ǿգ˵յĿ϶һЩ
Ĳ˵ƣھҲûи֮
ȡһЩַұ֧Щǿߡÿ˼ԼȻԶ뾰͸ǵȡ˾Ըǵʵһء
ڣ˵һ˵γϵĹ
ҿóγѾʶԼĴ󡣶ңڳˣҲΪγ飬֪γھңӦһλľĹ㡣
γȨӱȡԴࡣǣ٣ҲΥ档Υ棬ͱ봦ηڣθԻ˵
վһ
ԾԣûκεԹߡȻҪǾڸղţ̤񾡽ԡ
ڿʼβٵγְ񡣾ƣ㿴ʲôʵĵطžȥְֶԾ˵
ǣӦ
ԶԾεĴء
ȻβܼγϣǿġֻҪʱĽǴ⡣
л棡ι˵
ţɢ˰ɣԻӻ֡

֧ľˣʱѾ˶ٳǡ
ߣ֧д
뿪֧֧ʵȻ͡Ⱦ뿪󣬿֧硣ʱ򣬱׼
˵ˣʵ޷ġڱ˵ܻ֪ܿ
֪ѵΪ˵䣬ܶǶб£ɱң
Щ֧ľǿߣǶԾԴԹġ
ôܣôܣ
ͻȻֽһ
鳤ϣʲôôܣԵʵ
⡭⡭
λҸոյõѶұ֧УڷţһӶǿߡɫ˵
ʲô
񣿡
鳤ϣͲҪЦˡô򵥾ܴﵽġǾһҲôһЩһӶǺǡ
ˣȻš
ûЦǿǿЦ𣿡ü
ϢǾԣҲ֪ʲô취ʥľӵܣֱ̤ΡԵʲôֶΣ˵
˿ȷʵڿЦһҲסˡ

ڶٳǾҸۡʱס
ȷʵûдڵ͵̫ͣõʱ䡣ԣסʱԺ;ҵĸ߲㣬ͬⶨһ룬һǰ
塢ߣԵǲںɾңһƣ磬ܹͲ̫١
˾Ƶ˼Ҳǰ磬Ҵ黭һǰ硣峤λӣƵ˼üи߲Աѡһλε߽ΡְͬɾҸ߲ڲȷѡȻҲǾ˽Ρ
λӣҲӰ졣
Щ飬ҲȽϷʱ˰£ϲŶȷ
֮󣬾ԿʼһͨͨԾԵʵһȶͨҲʲô¡ĵԴһ˵ܶ޷ܣһЩۡھ˵ĵĲϲ˽ǡ
ͨڣڶٳϿգھҵĿ֮¡


1639 ؾ
ɭĳ
ؾĽڵ㡣黭ָǰһλãԾ˵
Դ㲻վͷ磬ڻص֮ǰҪҵؾڿ֮ҡ
Ҫҵ֮Ǿĸġ֮ǰǿܶ࣬Ҹ洴֮һΪ߲㣬Լû߲ܽɡھԸ߲֮ͼ򵥶ˡ
ڽ߲֮ȻȻȥܿռ䷨򣬿ҲһЩ
ţԶ黭ͷ
һΣֻоԡƺ黭Ҫҵؾ
黭ֱۣһܿģһεڱֳȻ黭ôԵҲһ۾ͿڡȻΣɣɵ˾ΣЩ󷨾̫Сˡ
֣˽롣
ؾڣһء
εգľһƬ
ľɫĺ
ѹ֣֪߶Ѿ׷ɱҲ뿪ˡؾǾԣ΢΢ЩĶܹõľסҲһѡ
˸շвãͱһֳסˡ
ЩˣؾӣҲҵӣɵġ
ӵĶӳȻʶ黭
ЩʵǱȽϵ͵ģǿ󾳽ߵĶӳҲֻһ龳߶ѡ
黭ˣˣӳ黭΢΢ʺ
ǵģ黭ͷ˵
ӳֿԺ;ƣüͷ
黭ˣô˽ؾѵʱ䳤ˣҵҲ𣿡ӳ˵
ҵ棬ȷʵκ˽ؾҵ˽ߴ
ԣӳ黭ʱҲŭݵʡ
ǲˣ羰ҵ峤ƣλǾƵĸ׾ԡԴˣ˶֪ġ黭˵
ӳ΢΢һ㶡
ֻǾԣǾھҵ峤Ҳ֪ǿ峤ǿɲһҸ߲㣬Ҳ֪黭Ǽ޸˾ơ
֪ǰǾԺ;ƣӳͲٶ˵ˡΪѾܹʵˡ
ҪȴѶ壬Ǿ֪Դ˺;ƴ˽ؾӳ˶˵ͬʱóѶʯ
ԡҲż΢ЦѶҸ߲Ա
ԡƽؾϢܿҸ߲֮дҵĸ߲㣬ѸٵľۼӦʲô̬ȣԾԺ;ơһˡˣǲ׵ǣ˽ؾȷʵƲϡ

λˣҵõλǰҡӳڵõһ󣬶ԾԺ;˵
ˣЦŹ֡
һˣҵĸۡȥ
˵ǸۡǾһƬؾڣгǽȵȷλ
ڽȺǰյϣǾۼ˴ҵӵܡؾڷϢһһӵǺܶġ
ۼڿյϵˣǰվŵģ㶼ҵĸ߲㡣
ԶԶɨЩ˵ΪҪһЩȺڣʥ١ɨſʥߡһûСȻ黭Ѿ񾳽ߡ
ԵˣҵĻһͬٵĽ
һ£黭΢ǰ˼عԾ˵
ԴҵˣҵҲͬžԡ
ˣЩ߲㣬ҲûԵıˡƱˣҲֻкٺȥڶٳǼ
Ȼһ㲻ؾҲһЩ츳ߵӵ黭ˡֻǣӵģȴǸˡһ㣬ӵܣصؾڡ
ʱԵڶվǰһŮϡȹŮӣȥҲӣϢжϣҲһˣʥ֮һ
֮ԶŮӣҲΪԼ
ʱ쾳ľԣɭּŮӣǶŮӡ
ļǵãʱŮӣһЩݲϡŮ뿪֮ǰѯʶԷԷ߾顣
ŮӵĿ⣬ҲһĿžԡȻҲϳ˾ԡ
Ŀ֮У𾪡
ڳУ黭ҲֻԱˡǣ֪ɭּǸߣǴľԣһ֮ıǸԡ
ʱԣȻǷǳ𾪡
黭ѾʼһЩҪԣҲŮӵ֣С


1640 ֮
黭ҲͽЩҪܸԺ;ʶʥǿߺͼλʸǳϵĳϡ
ˣ黭ֻһ䡣
ּˣϴһȥȴնѡԿڣ˵
û뵽쳹ľԣ㣡Ҳڡ
йùʶ黭ɻĿˡ
黭֪Իʶˣڶٳǵʱ򣬾Ҳδ𡣱Ͼֻ֪ɭּŮ飬ȴöԷ֣Ҳ޷ȷԼŮӣһˡ
ʶǰɭ֣һΡԵͷ
ԣ˵ǰ磿ؾҲһЩӵܿУ֪һЩĴ¡
ھԵ飬ںܾǰҲŹ֪ǾѾ뿪ǰ硣
ţȷʵȥ磬֮ǰŻһΣҲ̫ͣãܲվͻ᷵硣ԻӦ˵
磬ģʡ
һʱ䣬Ҳֻܴ˵˵˵磬һָ཮򡣵ʵϣҲ˵档УڶȺָȺȺֻһʮ۵Ⱥ཮оŽ磬ÿһ磬ǧÿһ͵硣磬Ǻͨһ͵ѡԼ򵥵˵һ»ĸ
ڳˣһס
磬Ȼ֮󣬳ǵ
壬ڻУȻֻһͨȺԵ˼ڻ滹кܶȺΪǿ
ԴԲǵ͵ܹȵġ磬εߣֻǵײˡȻһҲкܶµߡ֮ϣ֮ϣ֮ϣΡǿˣҲֻ཮ǿߡܹվ۷ģֻ𡣡Ի˵
ǺǣϢ̫ˣϸ˵֪Ҫ˵áȥ磬ľͻӴϢȻҲͶˡЦЦ
Դˣ֪ܸߡĸı䣬ҲΪ㡣ؾȷʵδй˽룬Υơһҳϣž˵
ϣǺܿˡֻǣ˼ȴЩҪϾߵӡ
ԴȻ黭ǰģҲʶվˡԣҿ޷дԴˡһϣҲ˵
ڼ֮ǰЩ˾;ۼһԾԺ;Ƶ̬ȡĽҲþԺ;˳ؾ
λҲ̫ͣʱġ
֮ԽؾҪܵһλǰСλǰˣҵ棬Ǵ֮ˡҵ֮Ա׷ɱΪһЩҪǵ֮԰ɣԲδΪЩ˵Ļ
ԵĻɫ΢΢һ䡣
ԣȻʶ棬֮λ棿
λȻȥˣ˵ĿУϵġ
ԣû뵽ʶҵ档ֻǣʱӦδôõеأɻʵ
һؾؾٵġؾڣҼдꡣԽ˵
ҵĸ߲㣬ȻĶһۡ
ؾҪ֮ˡ˵
ʲô
֮
⡭
˴ʱĳԾ
ң֮ȻһֱдУĶңҵ֮ȱˡ
û֮һ߸Ρ˵
Դˣ֮ŵʵ
ǺǣҾͲˣԺǾͻ֪ЦЦ
УҾͽ֮ķʽ㣿ԿС
п˿ߵһʥߡ
ãԴ˶ô˵ˣ㻹ܣ㲻ö룬֮ǳҲ֮ߵʥ߶΢Ц˵
ԣҲŤ󣬶ԾԵ˵ͷ
һ֮꣬ӿСֻоһ̺ӴϢӿæ̿ںϽ
̲δ̫ʱ䣬Ҳͼʱ䣬ڱɡ
ӵܣС
ʱǻ޷ȷԴ֮֮ңд̫ˣΪԼ֮û뵽һξԽؾȴ׳һ޷ݵը
ˣС
ҵ֮طȻЩ߲㣬ǱȽϾġԴڵĲ֮ôп϶ܹ
˵֮һܾ޴طһ
֮֮˫ĿǾϲ
ˣеĻ֮Ҳȫһ
ԴˣҵȷŵﲻҪ֡ңȷʵƲ˽ؾǾԴĴڣȻҲ⡣ھԴܵУǲˡһҳΪŵԵǸ
뾰Դ˼£˶ͬʱԾԼ
ǺǣǲˣҸûϡ԰ڰ֣˵
ԣ뵽һĶ
Ҳã죬Ҿͻ뿪ˡһ£ŵͷǰȥ
ƣҲھԵߡ
Դˣ㲻ˣҳסг˵
֪Ѿ㷵ˣ޷³ס˵
һ֮ڣԺҵĸ̸߲һᣬ˵һЩı仯ҲԺķչһЩͿ
ؾȷʵؾڵԴϾޣӰ쵽ҵķչҪǿ󣬻ҪȥҪò˵ȥ
ԸȥǾҿṩԴĻȡϡҵ黭ǾƵӣ˵Һ;ͨĵط
̸֮˶ȥƺ黭Ҳ뿪ᡣ
֮ڣֻʣ¾Ժˡ
û뵽ءԣһǵãʱҽݵ龰жԾ˵
ǰҲԵ֡ЦЦ
Щ䣬Щģˣμ㣬һȫֳҼǵãʱ㻹쾳߰ɣ˵
ǰʱңȷʵ쾳硣㣬ӦҲɣʵǿҲǿ̫࣬ʦ΢΢
ʱȷʵҲ쾳磬ʱҵ츳ڼǱȽϸߵģԲűɳȥЦ
˻˵¡
У뿪ܺܿҪص硣أʲô㣬ǼҲǰ磿֮ǰͨ޷ʹã¹µͨµͨڶٳ֮ڡ㻹ˣԺҪǰ磬Եٳʹͨ˵
Ҳ˵ˣ磬ǵײߡһʥȥ磬³ǻܲ𣿡Ц˵
ţ׽ҿԽľ磬һΡȵ֮ҲһȽǿԽȥΪ˵
ԣ˵ʲôΪԼˡ
ԣҪԼľ磬һ
ôܣ
ڵľȻʥɾһ񻹲ԶҵʷϣҲһεǿߡʥѾӵߵľˡڵң黭֮⣬Ҳֻʥ߶ѡ
˵û
У׼һ£ھͿʼ˵ţһЩ֮ȡ
ɫĻ֮аס󲻶ϵӿе塣
ֻʥڣҪĵĻ֮һЩԲںġ
ֻǲյʱ䣬еϣɢϢ֮ȫʧѾ񾳽硣
ȵ޷Լĸо
ȻĴﵽһ񾳽ˡ˵ʵȻҲﵽΣ֪ңɼ룬ǲ飬ҲʱԺһˡ
ڣȻľͳΪһˣֱһ㡣
оΣС
ԣ㡭㵽ôģ
Уʲô簡ѵѾǸ𣿡гԾѯʾԡ
ǰԶᵽ߾绮֣֮
ҡͷ
ҵľ磬Ѿվ۷ˡ˵УûжˣܹԽҡ
⡭
ԣ絽磬ǲһʱһ꣬ͳǿ֮һ𣿡һ˼
һ꣬Ƕʥ˵̫ԼҲһˡ
Եģ硭УҪҵĿΪ㻹Ҫȥ磬ҪߵøԶҪȥ硣Լ˵
Լ׽ˣԶǰ硣ڵ͵磬һǾͷˡ


1641 
Уڷ˽һʱ
Ȼǰֻһ֮Եȫ˵Ϥ̸ѡٴμУһиС
ҲԺǰ磬ʱȥңкܶҪҪš˵Ƿòӵǰ硣
ؾ֮ڣһõԴȷʵޣ޷͵¼ĶѸЩˡ
һ㣬Խֱ֮ӴڸУлҪ֮ӵܣҪѧʯӵ֮
գ뿪ؾƺ黭뾰ͬС
֮󣬾һ˷硣
뾰һߵģаѩĪݡƷ򸾣Ҳ澰һ
Ѿжξ峤ְ񣬾峤ѡѰ׵ʣµ飬ҲҪȥˡ
ҵĶߣֳȥ˲֣ھԵİ£ֶһεǿߡҵİλһȻ̩ɽܹ

𣿡
һˣ硣
ƣĴܡ
ûˣǵ򡣡Եͷ
Ի£֮뵶ƺ黭˵ס
ѩǾ͵һЩʱɣҲͼʱ䡣תĿ԰ѩ˵
õġѩûκ
ƺ黭츳㲻ǾƵ츳ľŽ磬ҲǺǿġȻƵ츳վ뾰ȡ
һʱ󣬾ƺ黭ϻ֮Ƶľ磬ֱӴﵽΣ黭ﵽΡ
ǿɵŬˡƣöѩ۷ˡЦŶԾ˵
۷壿һ㶡
Ҳ֪ߵľ绮֣ΪŸƷһǵǡھ֮ϣ񾳽硣֮ϣΡ
˵þѩѾ۷壬ʵһ
ǰϵĲܴ࣬ˡûϵֻҪŬ˶ã׷ȥġ츳ɾ񲻻ѡ԰ڰ˵
ߣǰ磬ĸҲ㡣Իӳһ˰סֱ뿪뿪磬ڻд󣬽ӽ硣
磬ĸ׸߷þѩ
粢δ̫ʱ䣬ִŸ߷ˣص硣߷;ѩľ磬۷ΡԴǵʦտ磬ŵܷ
磬ɱȵԵһʱˣռҲΪȶտѾø߽С
ɽȣʦտ棬Ǽλʦ֡ʦҲڡ
ʦӸ߷Խߵĸ߷
տ𡣡߷տ
߷ôȻǾԵʦɾԵΪǿܶܶࡣһ˵ҲҵǰˡտԸ߷΢Ц˵
ǺǣҾǿʦϾʦЦ˵
ʦǾƣǾѩֽŮܸʦտ¼˵ˣ߷һԶŮ
Ŷտ¿򾰶ѩ;ơ
ף
ѩ۷壬ɾտΪһ۾Ϳ˵硣
ƺ;ѩ˵ʵʵ̫ˣ˵ӦǲģϢƺܽӽ
ѩʱѾӽˣƲŸ粻á֪տµ˼һ¡
ԭҾ˵ô֮ڵ͵磬һ񡣡տµ˵ͷ
ʦˣƺ;ѩտ¼
Ǻܼġ
ڵ͵ʱεǿȻҲӸ׿жţ̫ɵ˸˽⣬֪ǿǿһڣ棬۷弶ġ
ԼĸףǱ𶼻Ҫǿ
Сһö񡣵һμ棬Ҳûر׼ǸһСɡտһ֣ŹֶŹΣȻǰסƷֱƺ;ѩߡ
˶ٽ£ٴεл
տ֣ɷͬһ㡣Ȼ˵СЩʣС¶ۺúܡ
ʦδǹʹһš֪ŵĹֻǰ̫ˣ֪ܲʱһΡΪѣǾˡԴǸտ˵
ʲôΪѵģ˵ʹţǾҪţҲ͸ġտ΢Ц˵


1642 
Ÿ߷;ѩŵλᣬҲٴ̽š
һεŵʱ򣬾Ծ;ſ챦̽飬ֲ²ͻȷˡţȷʵûΪƵĺۼĴͬ
߷;ѩˣεŵĻУջĶࡣȻṳֱ̂磬ҲкܶĴ˵ƿɶĿԣ֮ӡ
һգԵտ
ʦ֪ɽ𣿡ѯտ
ԸոյʱǲɽǿߵҪþԡ˵ĳԹҪ쵽͵硣
žԵʵ˿ѹʵʱ򣬾жĳޣȴûпʼʱôǿˡȻʦţ˵ҲֱӵĹϵԾԲûż鷳
λص͵磬֪ԼǸ͵ͨ٣鿴ÿռ䷨龰ͨˣȻɽˡɽΪҪôȻ뱳ָʹ
ƻͨ£ȷʵָʹġֻǣʱ򣬾Իûôǿ뱻ڻһյ֮޷뿪ԾȴһֱԹ޵úܡܶԸԣͲֶεΪѾΪѾԳĵ͵硣
һΣԴȥˡ
뱻ɽؾڡտԾ˵
ɽؾ཮Ǻܴģһ֪ط
ؾҲȽΣաǿ˵һЩա཮вٶȥɽؾ
ȻãȻɽؾһ궼ûܳ
ԣȥˣտʵ
ţʱ˽֮ìˡԵͷ
ʦҴø߷Ǿʵ΢ҲһڻߣԾ͵鷳ʦչһˡת˵
򵥣ˡԴҲ㣬пеʱҲָһǼʦ֡ʦ㣬ȻҲҲṩһЩ߷ǡտЦ˵
ţҲͷˡԵͷ
ԣʲôʱߣտʵ
Ҳûˣ춯ɡ΢һ±˵
գ߷˵𡣸߷ﻹоƺ;ѩɽȡ
ѩĪݣ뿪磬ǰɽؾ
ɽؾ཮ҲңԶȴ཮绹ҪһЩؾ཮ġȻҲһЩȺ߻ɽؾ٣ƽʱҲ
֮󣬾ԱͰѩĪݵɽؾ֮ǰ
ɽؾԶԶȥͷ·ɽ
ңԶԾ͸Ӧɽݳķ򲨶һɷǳµķ򲨶
ȻЩأ̺ȫľַ򲨶Ĵ򣬾ԶС΢С
һЩ𣬶ԸɽؾѰһԵʹⲻûеġԵ˵
ɽؾƺҲΪģǻȻؾѩվھ˵
ţҲָоߣǽȥ濴Եͷ˵
ھԡѩĪεǿ˵ɽؾȻҪԥʲôɽؾڼһЩգҲԻεĴɶв
һ𣬽ɽؾһ㶼дˡҲãſһЩȽϴ鷳ѡ
ܿ죬Ӱ뵽ɽؾĵ֮ڡ
ڲŴĲΪǿҡͬʱԺͰѩҲȷطȷʵΪġ
ѩо𣿡΢΢ü
ţƺǻεֱʡתľŴ򣬶ǳԲѩ˵ͷ
𡭡֮Уƺ֮ǰδйѵɽؾഴģҲɻ
֮ǰͨ˽õϢʷϣƺ޳ֹĻҲڣаѩĻ
˵ԼĻֻǿȻζѡ
ĻҪŴԲԣֻֻԲˡ˵򣬾ʱշ򣬾ҲûﵽԲĲΡ򣬾ԵԸͲһЩóַϵ裬ܶȾԻҪ
ҲһȻǲ֪ʷй𣬵ⲻʾûֹѩҡҡͷ


1643 ƾ㣿
ѩ˵ȷʵҲе
е඼ǻԾģһЩεǿǲ뱻෢֣ЩȷʵҲѷ֡
ɽؾǲĻ٣Ҳ̫ġľŴȻԲԾεǿ˵Ѿ΢΢ˡ
νɽؾҪҵ룬˽˵ĶԹţҲģԼ룬Լˡ
ҵ룬֮Ǿ뿪ɽؾԶ԰ѩ˵
áѩӦ
̿ɽؾ
ܵһ谭ԵǿޱȣӲĴ͸谭
ѩҲæĻǿߣȻҲޱȵǿ
ĪݣȻǻΣħ岢óҪؾͬҲó
ӰɽؾǰС
ѰĹУҲ˼ɽؾߣεߡ
һ˱һ֮УαȽΣգҲ˳ֽ˳
ȳߣԵ˵涼ûǣҲ֪ǿ˳ܳ
ѵ˾ңֹ˵
ߣҲдȽεģԲδ֣һЩСΣգĥԼĻᡣԣԲְЩֻСΣеߡ
ʱһȥתѾʮ֮ˡ
ţһ죬΢΢һ
֮ڣһӰ֡
룡һ۾ϳˡ
ʱһӴʯ̨֮ϡܣһƬʵ
ȷʵǱסˣһ֮Сһʱ䣬ûҵȥķҲģǿ˵ʱҲ
ԣҵ𣿡ѩԵĵʵ
ţҵˣǰǧ֮⡣ߣǹȥ¶һĨЦ˵
ˣڵλ÷ȥ
Ӧһ󣡡ѩǰİ˵
ȷʵ󣬶ұȽϸ߶ˡסҪѲٵʱƿ˵
󣿡ѩ
ˣѾҵֻۣҪݻۣȻ޷תˣҪݻ󷨡סİѩ
ʥʦҪƿһԲʲô¡
е룬֪Ծ֮⣬۾֮С
ף
Ƭ֮۾ΪоԼڿټ
ⲻ
һ꣬û־󡣶ңܼķȺܴ󣬲ǳԵļ
˫Ŀʱܵɢ˺ܶࡣۣԿԶĵط
ô£
󷨣Īֹͣתˣһ񣬶ϲ
ֹͣתͿ뿪ˡ
ʱӰȴǽ֮ڡ뿴Լ߹ģԽԽ
һæվ
ɽؾڣȻ඼߽˵أҲ⣬ʱҲȺǿߡ˵㶼࣬Ҳᷢɱ
þòˡ
Գ˵ˡ
ڵ͵ʱ򣬾ԾͳΪڻǽȻ͵ֻһ𣬵ǷҲӡ˵ʵϲ༫⣬Ҳ뱾û̫
ԵЩϤĿڿ˾Եӡ
ԣ뷢һͺ
ȫû뵽ԡ
ǰˣȷʵǾԣϴ
ûң΢Ц
ɣԵУһĨ⡣
⣡⣡ԣû뵽ӵ͵֮󣬳ɳ֮졣Ǹʦһô˰ҧ
ԾԵɱģڶûм١ڵ͵磬Ի¡ǾԵƻѾ̤ʲˡ
֮УҲǷǳǿġϵ裬˵ٮٮߡԸյ磬ǲȥþԣֻǱԸܵˡ
룬νɽؾ㣬ɱġ㣬֮ǰʲôҪ˵𣿡ԵĮ˵
ɱңƾ㣿Цһ
֪ڿǷ飬֪ǻεĴڣǿ϶˵ƾֵġ
Ŷ˵ˣ㲻һˣ֡ˡ۴֣ҿŶĺܡ˵ĿڰѩĪӹ


1644 Ů踮ۡ
֮൱߱ǿߣ϶ʶ
ߵˣȴİĺܡԣʱ벢δѩĪݷϡ
֪Խܿ죬ʵѾǿɱԿȷʵҲҪɱΪ

Īݶһȡ
ˣҽ˻ɱɣĪתս
롣
룬ҩɾȡԭͬһŵķϣһڿȷʵˡԵУҲһ⡣
˵󻰣ɱңͿûˡֱһ˦мĵ
ĪݣְɣԶĪ˵
ǣĪӦ
Īһ˸ӽȥڼٷУĪ̽һƬʵӰֹ֣֮ȥ
ҲѸȡһܷӿҪֵĪݵĹ
ܿģʶĪݵĿ¡ĵֵȫûκεЧһƬӰٶȶûнͷֺ
뷢һҽС
壬ĳ촷ۡ
̫ˡ
ֻһߣʶǡĪݣȴǻǿߡ𣬶סĪݵһҪ˵һ
廯Ϊ촷ۣҲһ̾
ˣȷʵ
վ˵ĵӡ
߰ɣ뿪ɽؾԶ԰ѩĪ˵
Ӱʧ
УԡѩĪݻС
ԣ㻹ʲôҪ𣿡ѩʾԡ
ʱûʲôˣǼʵһ棬ܻһѡ˵
ѣѩü
ԵģѩҲ֪ڿǵʱҽؾ棬־һЩӴ־ҴϢһдѣһа롣Ǳѽ֮ǰܵʵԵͷ˵
šѩͷת˵ʦŮٳҪˣԣһȥ𣿡
Ůٳһ㶡
ǵģʦһֻ·ԣϲóֻ·ȴǿ԰ַ򡣡
ʹֻ·ӦÿڱȽ϶̵ʱԼиԣҲһȥμʦٳѩ˵
Ůﲻһֱӣϲ𣿡Щ졣
Ů¶棬ǳ֮ҲϢһ㲻ᱻ
ʦȷʵϲšٳμӵҲܶ࣬ҲһЩʼ黹Ǽĸְ߲ɣңʦһŻһδ١ѩ˵
ԭˡţʱҲû飬һȥΪŮ١ûжԥͬѩһȥ
ԴӦԼһȥѩҲ˵úܣǸֵЦ⡣
Ůӵĵطڻ
ԾǵٶȣҲǷ˼µʱ䣬Ƭ
ǡȻ󷨣Ըǰ
ڻУҲںܶȻ󷨡
һȻĵطγһյأ棬ܿҵһЩ籦гֵ챦вٶǴطѰҳġ
ͬģһطǳգεǿ߽УܿԶһЩر֮أǻ𶼲׵Ĵȥ
ţȷʵȻƬȻ󣬸ǷΧΪ󡣶ʦ𣬾ĳһ˾㵽ҲҲʦ𡣡ѩ˵
һ飬Ҳôɣ졣
ʱԻûǰȻ󣬵ĴѾþɵԶɵĵطһ϶ȥ
ԣǰ·ҾͿˡѩתĿ˿ԡ
ѩǰԺĪں󣬿ٽƬȻ֮ڡ
ѩ˵Ƭ󸲸ǵķΧ̫ˡȻ޷̽ķΧԼĸоֻĸǷΧ཮һС
Ǵ󰡣ҸоȻ󸲸ǷΧһħôˡĪݾ̾˵
ϷС
аѩ·ûʲôΣա
֮󣬾һƬ֮ۡǰ
ˣʦסѩָһǰĸۡ˵
֮ۡڣвٽĿӹ΢΢һ⽨ʹõĲϣȻмһֿʯ
཮Ҫõһ鼸ʮصİҪѺܴۡƬĽȫаɵġ
ʱӰٴӸۡڷɳ


1645 С
Ů︮ۡɳӰǰ
ˡ˶԰ѩ
ˣһɫȹһɫȹŮԡԸоõ˵ʵǿ൱ʵȻǶ塣
ضλҵѣǰΪʦףٵģѩ˵һ䡣
ŮӣĿӾԺĪɨ΢΢ĵ˵ͷ
ʦڿڸ֮ۡڣѩʵ
˲֮ǰ뿪δ˵β뿪̫ãٳ֮ضܸϻȹŮӹ˵
֪ˣ°ɡѩ˵
ǣŮ˿
ѩžԺĪݽŮĸۡ
ۡڽܶ࣬ƵķἫ࣬ѩҲԺĪݰס
ڸۡڣԼŮӡЩŮӣѩ󣬶ƺѩΪˡþԾþ̾ǣЩŮӣʵǿúܣҲΡ
Ƕʦʹӡ
ʦʱڻУһЩȽĸ飬ʦȻΪӣʱҲָǡѩԾ˵
ҲЩŮӣӦöʹӵݡ
ŮֻаѩһӡԣЩŮӶƺѩΪˡ
Ů踮֮ۡڣŮ֮⣬ݵλߵģҲǰѩˡȻѩʸۡڸ֮ۡڣмȨȽϴŮӣȻҲʹӵݣΪʵǿŮ踮ۡʱ乻ԱȽϸߡ

ѩγȥôİ
ڰѩԺĪݴ븮ۡں󣬺ȹŮӶߵȹŮʵ
֪ԸһֱȽ䣬ƽʱ⣬˭̫˵ξȻȷʵЩ̫ȹŮҡҡͷ˵
ţǸСȷʵúܺÿءѩ˵Ϊף٣Ҳʲô˶Ϊףٵġҿ˳ɾͨ˵ĹϵߺŽġȹŮѹ
˵СǾԡĪݣһƣȻС
ȷʵܺÿҸоʵҲӣܲʵءǸͷȻоľ磬ϸʱȴܴϸеǿвȹŮӵͷ˵
£ҲܹܵġΨһĵӣݿɱǸ߶ˡˣٳʱֻصҪѩǴǸСֻصŽİɡȹŮӲ²˵
пܡҪֻصɲôءÿһֻصҲͼܽ롣Ǹ߶ãҲûõֻصĻ𣿡ȹŮӴŵ˵
ǲҪٶ˵ˣɾͲˡȹŮֽ˵һ䡣
ŰѩʧĵطһۣҲٴν뵽Ů踮֮ۡڡ
һ䷿ڡ
ԣʦڲڸ֮ۡڣҾͽʦѩԾ˵
ţżѩŮٳʱ򣬶ЩأԺʵ
ģҲǺҲûμӹʦٳֻʹ˵һЩĶǻжĴڡЩǿĴڣҲһЩҪʦһֻصѩ˵
Ҫֻص²ôװɣԵ
ȷʵףÿֻصҲܽСѩ΢Цһᾡʦһġʦ壬Ǻġÿ棬ȥ཮򿴿ʹӣԼķ֮һһࡣ
Ҳˣ濴ߡҲЦ
ӣԾŮ踮ۡס¡
Ͼʱ򣬾ԻԺ߿
Ů踮ۡĸ֣һµĹ򡣾ڸոս븮ۡʱ򣬾ûвֹǾסһʱ䣬ŽһָӦµĹ򣬶ԾԵҲһĺô
ԣûµʱ򣬱ᵽߡѩĺѣЩʹҲԣֻҪԲȥһЩĵط㶼Գͨ衣

ѩϴιʱ˵飬㿼ǵôˣһɫ۵ӣվڰѩǰһʵ
Ӷ԰ѩ˵ʱ򣬾Ըպߵ˸
Եüͷ΢΢һ¡
ɫӣȻŮ踮ۡʹӡΪ֮ۡڵʹӣԶŮԣûһԡ
Ӧǿˣת
ŮٳٽһЩҲ½ǰ
ɫӣǻ𣬴ϢҲǳʼ顣ʵӦΣȺУǱȽǿ𣬿ǽӽһ


1646 
ǽɫѩ˵ҲͶסû߹ȥ
ΪѩʶġȻѩ˵ԼðȻȥܾԵЩðʧˡ
Ҳ֪˵ʲôѩ˻Ӧǽɫӡ
ѩô֪ܲ˵ʲôأǰʦ˼ʱҵһۼ㣬ϲ㡣ʦҲʦŮ£Ůﶼ˽Ϊ¡
ѩֻû뵽ʱȥȻͳ˻Ҽǵã֮ǰʱʵɱҵͶˡ
Ҳ֪ϲ㣬ȫĵģΪڵʵǰʵܵ͵ʱҲҪӦΪҵĵ¡ɫӽ񽹼˵
㲻Ҫ˵ˡҺ㣬ǲܳΪµġʦŮʦȻѣȴ㲻ѣҪ̸Ϊˡѩ΢΢ü˵
ѩί񡣵ȴѾһЩ͡
Ȼѩ˵ʲôǣƺֲòӦ
ȻûпȥѩͽĶԻϾԶҲ
֣þҲ΢΢һ
Ů踮ۡҲһʱ䣬ԾҲ֪˲ٻЩǿĴڡ֮һҲ浮ĳʼ顣
ݾ˽⵽ϢλʵŮ֮¡ŮҲȷʵѡ
һҪŮɲףһЩʼ飬Ҳδͼ׾ܼŮŮֻҪˣŮͻԽӼ
ǰʹһΣĿģҲҪΪҪһֻصʱ񿴵˰ѩ㱻ʱõѩֻǣѩܾˡ
Ů԰ѩҲذѩͬ⣬˵²żԺ˵
֪ˣ֪ˣȻı顣
˵㲻ǰҲһΣڻʱ򣬻һСѩܾңΪǸС𣿡
ҵҪСʲôӣʵġȻºͣĿȴɷ
仰üͷٴһ塣
н飬ӦŮ踮ۡΪʱȽϳˣǾԿ϶ǰͻ˵СȻָԡ
֪ѩԼŮ踮ۡȻ⸮ۡڵʲô˶˵ġŮ踮ۡȽܻӭ
˵ȷʵòã
˵ѩһЩ
˵𣿰ѩǸСҾ֪ǿıǿҾͷǣΪǿҾ˵
˭Ҫң
Գˡ
˵ʱŰѩͽڵλ˹ȥԵǣŵЦ⣬ĿⶢŽ
Ե͵תԵϡԣĿкһ
˭ӾԺʵ
ǾԡţҲ㷽ſеСΪҾǰһʱͰѩһŮ踮ۡˡԵĮ˵
ǺǡЦЦӸµ̬žԡ
ɣѩһ壡һΪʲô˲һСһѡ㣬Ҿȫˣѩܿ㡣㣬ûʸҾм˵
ҲģĸоԵľ磬Ҳкܶ˽⣬жϳӦߡ
ʵϣȷʵҲľ磬һڻؾвͻƳΪġ
ӰƿصķսŴﵽΣĻ
ԡôˣѩžԡ
û¾ߣǡߵԻӦ˵
ԣЩ˵߰ɡѩԡ
Կѩ⡣
ѩӦǲϣͻ
ѩϲСʲôõģܳΪ֪Ȼǻ𣬵ҲԶʦǽò˶ãҾܳɾСܺұ𣿡Űѩ˵
üͷšһţҲһŭ
һһСȻԣҲǷǳһϵðǣȴÿ仰ڱԼ
浱Լӣôôһǿʦ˲ˣ
ҾԻеأ
ƤҲǺ񡣰ѩûøУ㻹ôΪͲöʦҲ޹ɣЦ


1647 
ԺͰѩ֮ĸ飬һ仰˵ġ
˶Ա˴ˣһַĵ׵ĺøС΢ĸоҲʹһֱѰҶԷǷȱģͱǲ㴰ֽѡ
ʵϣн׷ѩԾ㲻ҲòϣжԴ˺ܲϣκѩ
ټϽ϶þԸܶԽ˵
СӣңָָžԺȵ
ƺû뵽ôĵӡ
ǱȽƵġΪһ˽⣬Բû嵱¡֪ûʲôǿߡ
Ҳľʲô󱳾ȫȡʦǽˡоԵСӣʲô
һصСӣҲƤ
ǰѩԼ϶ѾŪСˡ
㣿㻹治ֵ㡣ֻ˵һʵѡƤȷʵġҾͲţ㿴ѩͲϲ㡣ĿܲƤ񣬶޴ˡƵ˵
˵ƽֵȻý޷Ƶķŭ
ûԵԼͬεĶ֣þǰһֻ۵СѡһС˲мļôܵˡ
ɫǺ죬ȫϢƺ̲סҪָɵˡ
ˣ
ʱ򣬼Ů踮ۡʹӹ
Ϊһˣźɫȹǰһʱ侰ԸոŮ踮ۡʱڸ֮ۡʹ֮һ
ʱɫȹʹӣ԰ѩ
ˡȹʹӣ
ʹӣ֮󣬾ȫ˾ԣͺԲһ
㣬ͿԿóЩŮ踮ۡʹУԵݵλȻԶԶȵġ
üҲû˵ʲôΪ˼ҲԼʹСеģǾ̫ûˡ
𣿡ѩɫ䣬ʵ
ˣ˸ոѾתˣ˺úýӴˡȹʹӵͷ԰ѩ˵
ʦˣȥʦԣҽʦ𡣡ѩԾ˵
ˣ
˷Ըˣٳ֮ǰκ޹ؽҪˡȹʹ˵
޹ؽҪˣҵѣô޹ؽҪˣѩһЩŭ
ѩԲںʹӶ̬ȣȴЩʹӶԾ̬ȡ

һСѣҲŮǿЦѩҶ£Ҳò˵Ҳ̫ˡŮʲôУǿʦ൱ĴڡһСӣҲŮǵȴڣ£ҪΪ㣬СƬ򶼽ɣһĿž˵
ˣĲϣ޹ؽҪ˴š˵ˣһʱ䣬ҪӴһЩҪĿˡ㣬ûҪ飬ҲòҪȥˡȹŮͼ˵
λ㣬ҪŮ𣿡תĿȹŮʵ
˿ˣǽ˵ĵӣ󣬵ȻˡȹŮͶԽ˵
ҾʣҲûʲôҪ飬ͲȥŮˡţаѩҾ㹻ˡЦ
ԡѩԣʱİѩҲܸӡ
ԭѩŮһʹȥݼȻûΪһֻصڣȴƺ԰ݼʦ
ʦŮȻôԸˣѩҲ޷ΥʦŮ˼
ûµģŮٳʱȻͼˡԶ԰ѩЦЦ˵
ϴЦ⣬УҲһЩġ
ڵǱˡ
ŮӣЩʹӶӡ
ԴԸˣ˭룬˵ӣ
ο̶ʱ䣬лս츳ʵŮҲӦԼŶԡ
Ҫ˵֪֮ԼʵŮ¶ٻ˽⵽һЩŮ屾ͱȽϹעԼڿ鷳Ů߰ѩðѩǰԼġ
ڣŮ̬ȣʲôԭأ
һʱҲ벻ס
ѩŮɶˣҪúдҡ֣˵
һͺȡ
ѩζûڣԾĿһתȶԽȳˡ
С쵰ɫһ㶣Ǻ죬ָžԣ˻
Һ˶ָָ㣬צָңͱҲˣ΢С


1648 
žԻ£ռڵգء
СӺôĿҲҵҪƾʲôҲûԿ
㾰ߣΣʵǿһԱҲݡ
ȻΪԻǿЩ
ʵԾԳˣ֮ԳٳûжȫǿѩӡĵףǲðѩԼ̫صĶСڿоԵСӻȶ֣˼
ͲþԶԼ֣Ȼ㽫ԸɱˣҲкĽڡ߷ϵСӣ
˵ѣҲǵĿˣұӦöΪ˵ġǣǰᣬ㲻Ӱ쵽Ů踮ۡˡˣŮ踮ۡ𾴵Ŀˣ΢һԼȹŮʹʱȴԾָ˵
ȹŮͣȫվڽߡ
£ʲôѩǳȹŮ͡
ˣҲ˼ȹŮͶ԰ѩ˵־ǽк¡
˵ѩȻŮ踮ۡˣƽʱЩʹӶ԰ѩҲܹٹҲŮȡ
ֻǰѩ˵ѣȴŮﶼӵĺ󱲣һǿޱȵʦһУú¸Ըվڽߡ
˵Ҳ˾ѩ֮һЩϵΪѩһǾͱȽϺʡ
ȻһЩ˽˵ԭ򣬿˵Ů踮֮ۡڣŮͶԽ񶼺ϲϲŮ֮顣ǣ£Ů踮֮ۡ󣬽ÿһŮͣһǷǳ
˭ϲִ󷽵Ŀأ
ԣߣѩĿ˺һֶۣԾ˵
ˣ˷ԸҪд˵ġٴεͷ˵
㡭ѩЩŭˡ
СӣϽ׷ѩҲԼûǸԾԺȵһļŭԣþԶԼ֡
ҰСӣҶҼ񣡡һ
ţĪݵӰ֡
ĪһֱžԣסŮ踮ۡʱ˶Ծ񣬵Ȼ̾ͱ˹
ĪݵߣȻƶĪݵϡ
ʶĪݡ
Ī˵仰ӦǶʶ顣ĪᵽҼˡɴ˿ɼļһӦ⾰Եʹӡ
ŸոճֵĪݡ
Ů踮ۡʲôʱģʲôܽˣ񼥷˵
ûοǾԵһˡ
СӣϽĹŪϹɲҪңв˵
Ծֱӳ֣ЩɵɶԾԵһʹӳ֣Ǿûκι˼ˡŪ˾ԵʹӣѩҲ˶ŭ
ˣС쵰ðģ̫Ƿʵ㣬֪ʲô˶ԵġĪݶԾѯʵ
ĪݣôҲħ棬ǻ춴ִ顣һСɹܲȻûֱӳ֣ѯʾԵ˼
ţѵѵҲԣŪͺáԵ˵ͷ
ǿЦ
ѵңһϹҲѵңҲ·ͷڣҾͰϹƤѾŭ
ȶĪݳˡ
һʵһ֣رɫƵϯ
ֵ񽣣Ů踮ۡĿռڣһ·Щҫ·ûƽֻ֣ǽһΧڣýͷųɢȥ
֪СһƣĪ˫Ŀ·ѹûͷųĽưڶһ£һɫӡֳ
ĪݵӡܣͬǱһΧڣ޷Զ
ʩչĹĪݵĺɫӡ󣬱ǾҵĲһ£޷ֹɢĪݵĺɫӡڻĹ󣬷·ûκα仯Žѹȥ
ɫӡδӴ񣬽ɫǾ䣬ϥֱӾ͹
£ǸƲסܿռڵѹֲ̫ˣͳܲסûֱӹֻǽѹù˵ϡ
ĪɱһҲȫ㹻ˡĪݣǻεǿߣԸһ񣬵Ȼ¡ĪҲ֪ݲ򵥣ɱǿܻԺԼܴ鷳ԴǰҲԸҪŪ


1649 ɱ
ƴֵܿռڵѹݺ۵ȫҲվͦ
ʶǰԼֺڲļһʵǿԼǿ̫̫ˡ
ȻеУȴǿҡΪĵӣȴ裬ȴѹƵùڵ޷δĳ衣
п񱩵ŭ⣬۾죬޲ýĪ˺ѳƬ޲ýѹࡣ
зصĴϢȫ۶ˮ͸
ʵҲҶҼ񣿡
ǿЦ
ңѹ̧ͷҼǳ֣һָҲ֮ءĪݵͳ˵
Ī˵ģҲʵ
˵Īݲδ뾰ԽֹĪ֪Լ˾ɱնԼɱԵǿȣ¾ͲĪݲټϾԻ࣬ϵдﵽĲΡԵսܱһЩȽϲĳʼ黹ҪǿһЩ
񲻹ǿ൱һʵȴҶԾĲмҲǹ֪ġ
ҪҪҪ֮ͨͨأ
ΪĵֵռڵѹѾЩܴǿ˿˿Ѫ
ĿŽ
񣬿ʦϣֻҪϸұĪס֡ԵĮ˵

СʲôҲϴ֣ɱң𣿡
СҿܲãӼסˣӲŪ㣬ݡ񺿽С
뾰֮ĳԹǲˡ
ԵҲĺ䡣
ס֣ˣŮ踮ۡĿˣôǺܲ׵ġ㣬סֿ֡ˡ
֮䣬һЩвζ档
ƺǣԲĪס֣Ҫֵӡ
ĿһתںºվںļŮ͵ϡ
һȥһˣǰצĶϢһһɺƵƣ۶³ȥ
ֻоһɳǵĺϮԽĺ˼
µʵҲǺǿģ˵ѾǽӽΡŮ踮ۡʹ֮УΪǿŮ֮һˡھʢŭ֮£ǵסȶơ
ɫ䡣
һʶоԵĿȥ࣬ƺҲǷǳǿĴڣܱеĻҪǿࡣ
˵λѣʲôͷѵҲһλ
ǣе࣬ƺҲûʲô̫ǿĴڰ
ڻڣֻǱȽͨѡΪŮȽŮͣŮ֪ͣܶĴڡ
ĪݣȻͳȫɡԶĪһ˵
ʱ򣬾ԻûŪ
ı̫ˣŮͬεǿߡޱҪȷʵǣ̫֪ˡ
ڵ̬ȿ㾰Բɱ񣬽ԺҲضҾԵ鷳ȻˣǾɱ˰ɡ
ھԵĪûκԥ
һڽܿռԭһֱֻѹƽ͵ıȻȥ
ž
ȫ΢΢һ˫֮У¶һĨŵɫ
ţĸɱԼ
ڻУʵȷʵкܶ鶼ɱôʱҶֵ飬Ĳࡣ
һ㶼ɵ֪һЩǵģʦڻҲ޵еġЩǰǺʵġЩ֮⣬޼ɵˣΪǺܶǿߣҲҶ֡
֮ǰ˫ĿĶžԣŨŨĲŵɫĿнɢ
۾ǿסУϵѪҺʳ
ĵڵϵĽѸٵɢһʬ塣
ߵߣϵԴһ顣
д󱳾飬ЯԴһ㶼١ǶԾǿ˵Ŀǳɹۡ
ȻǸͰ̽ƶռ̾˵
ʱ򣬺ɫӴżŮ뿪
ˣ
Ů踮ۡһ¡ŪãŮﶼܴӰ졣ɲһ˵ĳʼ顣
ԡʦǽһǿĳʼ顣ʦ˵Ǻ̵ܻ飬ڽˣֻ½ưոݵġѩԾ˵


1650 Ůټ
ԵĿ⣬ٴɨʬ塣
ҵĵˡԼ򵥵˵һ䡣
Բɱ֮ˣǡһЩⲢǺܴĲΪԶһЦ̫ȥƽϣѾվ۷壬ӵлսȻˡ
ǣԵˣҲĴ
ڽ񱳺ĽһһˡοĿǰ⣬Ľٶȣò˶ãǽҲδκξԡ
ţҲǸ֮ˡԣʵҲɱһ޶Ļ쵰ǰʼһΣסһʱ䡣ŮͽһЩԼľΪһҳݵС£붯һλǿһȺ涼ŹʱܵԼΪѩҧҧݣж
ʱ򣬰ѩͻȻ΢΢һ䡣
һӿѩԺ
ԣʦҴȥѩɫ΢΢Щ԰ס
ʦǽŮѡѩЩʦŮԾԲ
ѩõģȻŮҪңҹȥǡЦЦ˵
ԴʱŮʲô̬ȡ
ҲǺܵġ
Īɱ֮ǰԾѾԤݹֿܣҲŮ̬ȡ
ĪѹƽýڵϵʱŮﲢδ棬ʹһ֤ŮҲϲ
ھĪɱʱŮͬûгֹ
ԺȷƬ֮ۡڣŮﲻýĪݺԼ϶ɱ
ңĪݳֵʱۡڵĽƶ˷ӦŮ㲻ʱʱ鿴ۡҲڽƳ춯ʱ޷Ӧ
ΪˣԾҲǺܵŮֶԸԼ˵ŮԼ֣ȫҪðѩԼȥ
ѩ˵ͷʱҲֻܴȥʦŮ
Īݣ㽫ʬ崦һ¡ԶĪݼ򵥷Ըһ䡣
ǣˣĪӦ
һĽ֮ǰѩžߵ˶סŲ
ʦˡѩ΢΢˵
ɣ洫һº͵
ѩ˾һۣͷȺ뵽֮ڡ
ǰĺȹŮͺ£Ҳڽ֮ڣͷԽ󣬺²תͷ˾һۡ
Ҳ׵һŮӰ֪ŮŮá
ʦǾԡѩ˵
ŮҲʺ
ˣɱ˽ˡѾȰͲҵȰ˵ɱ˽ˣܸ˶һЩ鷳Ͼ˵ĸ֮ۡڣ˿ܻǨŭ㡣¹˵
ڸ״
ԾԣȻܲң֮ǰԻǳ˵һ˲
Ůǰȷʵˣǰ¿ɲԸ⵱ˡˣ˵ѡ
ʦʵǿɶƾԵġѾãȴͱˡɱҲǻãܹ־ԡѩΪ˵
ŮδӦѩ
žԣĬƬ̡
࣬ҵĸۡʲôĿģŮžʵ
ĿһΪŮף٣ֻصԲӦ˵
Ϊף𣿲ʲô飬Ϊףٵġңϲ徲ϲ˴šŮ˵
ŮҴ塣Դ˵
壿УҲֻһͨȺѡңһܴ࣬𣿡Ůҡͷ
ΪҿԴ壡Լ˵⣬ڵ壬ڻУֻһͨȺδضΪǿȺ֮һ
㵹ţŮĿ
ȷʵţΪϣҲŮԡţǿʢԵͳ쳹ڴ֮С
ԵĻɲ޵ķʸ
࣬ȷʵŮԡ࣬ŮﴴġŮﵱʱҲں̶ܴԼΪģġŮŮã߿ȫһ
ŮŮϼơߣϰһֻ°
ԵĻŮǣƺǷһĨ΢Ц
࣬ǺܸߵģڻУҲǿ֮һ̫ˣĶ̰塣УӵоʵģĺܺҴ浮ҲûܹﵽΡŮﻺ˵


1651 Ҫʧ
Ů˵ͬʱλվ߽˼
ʱŮ°Ҳһ˫˫㡣
Եǲû̫⡣
ڻУ˵̬ƣΪ̬ԸΪ㡣
Щǿߣƽ֮ʱҲάΣó˫ۺ˫ȡ
ھڶȺУ󲿷ֶ飬Щ飬ƽʱҲά̬
ΣΪ㡣
ŮȻҲû˫㡣
ŮŮı壬°ڻؾĦ浮ʱŮı̬
лŮ΢΢ס˵
ŮѾߵǰᵽһɼ䵭
кµŮͣʱҲ̧ͷ㵵Ŀԡ
ΪŮ˵ྰԣǻĲΡ
Щ޷
ӿʼûԻǻε顣
ȻӴ󣬿ɻҲǼټٵġԼ൱εߣ˵վ۷ˡһ£εǿߣͨҲǺģҪ˵ǻ
ʱѾǸˡǸкܶʼڻߡ񣬼ٿʼ顣
ܶǰԾĳʼ飬ڶ伣ǿˣҲѾ뿪棬Ҳпĳһλ档
࣬ȻǿߣµУ𺳡
ѩΪŮĵ֮ﵽΣһ˵׾ܴﵽ
˵⸮ۡڵŮͣҲ٣ܱŮе츳϶ǺǿġȻûܳΪŮĵӣŮҲǽָ㡣ǣЩŮͣǸŮʱʮʱģҲûһﵽľ硣
ǽĵӽҲ൱ζѡ
ԣ֪ʵжǿʵԶ޷ȡһ̵ܻĳʼ顣Ȼֻǽĵ֮һȴҲ٣ɽǺصġȻҲǰңȡһֻصŮžԡ
Ͳ½ֱ𣿽ɲں˵ʲôŭˣŲΪһСݷŹ㡣Ů˵
ǰ˵ûڵңȷʵ޷⡣ԣֻصԵͷͳ˵
ţ˵ĵڶĿġ
ðɣ
һͨһ¡ȻҲҪ̫ϣ࣬Ա֤ҸۡʱĲֱܽӹһҲٲ֮顣
ԭֻصһǸġڣȻˣô͸ɡŮ˵ת»صλǰ¡
лǰдϲæл
ֻܷصǰҲûκεİա
ֵһſһΣÿοֻЩͱԤˡ֮ǰԼĻܴܲ
û뵽ڽˣÿճһŮҲԸ⽫ԡ
ȻŮԸ⣬ҲǿԵֻصġѩͽֻصɰѩŮĵӣȴǡ
ˣȥɣϣ㲻ҪʧŮԾ԰ڰ֡
ѩŮֶ԰ѩ˵
Сĵ˳Ӧ
ֱ뿪еֿϲȻûƽ
ֻصǿ԰ıǾԵĶ̰塣ֲַϵĶ̰壬ôȻҲ̤𾳽磬սضҲܴȵ
ھ˳֮кµŮҲ˳
Ժɫٴα˱䣬֮еĹ⻪֮ǰԵʱ˺ܴı仯
Դˣ¶ԾԹļ
ԴεǿߣɾͲˡ
Ȼ֪һλǿΪλҪֻصȻŮ˵εǿߣôһǡŮҲˣ϶һ
Ŀӹ£û˵תȥ
ʱһȥ
Ů踮ۡǿߣҲһЩļʮѶڸۡڼʼ顢εǿߡ
ΪЩĵҲ𽥼뿪ԼĴ˺Ͳ߳ˣֻŮٳֻصĿ
⼸ʮѩҲֻһΡӰѩ˵ֻƬ֮УԼʶƺŮྫϣտٳ


1652 ۾ٳ
һգһڷɬµķ
Ů踮ۡмµķתЩзʽԲٴµ֪ڼʮʱԸоԼԷնһߡ
ֻϵﵽԲ̶ȣʱͿռ䷨Լ򶼻кܴĽռ䡣⼸ʮҪʱͿռ䷨
Դˣ
ʱ洫һ
۾վһŮ踮ۡŮͣŮʲεʵ
𣿡ѯʡ
Դˣٳ缴ʼҽǰٳŮ͵ͷ˵
ھǻǿߵϢѾڸۡŮ֮һ
ЩŮͶԾԵ̬ȣҲ֮зܴı仯ֻһߣЩŮֻ²˹
áԵͷ
󣬱Ůǰٳ
ٳ磬ٳʼٳֻصῪ
ŮͽٳһۿȥǿʱѾвٳ֮ڡ
ЩУһЩԶǿѹĴڡ
Խʱ򣬲ĿҲӾӹȻҲӹѣûʲô̫עԡ
һЩ飬Ҳ˾Ե壬֪һ࣬Ϣᡣ
ࣿ
ţȷʵ塣
ʸμŮٳ
˵ŮһֱԱȽ
ǰٳϣɲ֡壬һͨȺˡ
˵̸ҲûпԼЩ̸ԶȻЩǿҲںԼĽ̸᲻ᱻ
Щ̸۵ʱȻҲûбֳĻ߲м֮У϶Ҳʲôӵζ
ЩۣҲ΢΢Щ仯û˵ʲôٳڣһǻΡҪôǳʼ飬ҪôͨﵽεĴڡ
ȻҲһЩ֮µ飬ǼǸų֮ġ
תĿѰλõλкܶ࣬Բ̫۵ĵطܻзǳǿĳʼ
վĿһȽƫƧλã߹ȥʱмӰӴ˽
һŮ˽
ѻ죬Ҳʱû˰ɣһᣬǿɵúúúһһϽۣƬ飬һɫ۵Ц˵
ϽۣƬ飬ڻУҲһġһʼ顣ȻڳʼУȽСŮȫ޷ȡ
еıѻ죬һòܽӽ顣λѻһݻ졣
ݻжλ죬һǰһʱǰǱԺͰѩشԺѻָΡλѻ죬ȻҲһǿߡϢϿƺҪȵش컹Ҫ΢ǿһ˿
ѻûϻӦƬĻĿ⣬ȴھԵϡ
˽ʱ򣬾ҲʶתԣѻһӾͿ˾Եò
ѻ죬ϳ˾ԡ
ڰݻڲѾжΪˡݻ죬ԵӰ񣬽Եò֮С
ѻӣ̾ðһƬŭ
Ҳ̸о˱ѻԼĵ⣬Բʶбѻ顣
ƬҲתĿԣϸ˾Ƭ̣ȷԼʶСһ
СӣʲôƬԾԺ
Ƭ飬Ҳһ˽⣬һࡣΪ֪࣬ԲŸ˺壬϶Ҫ
ȻϵϢǿ󣬵˵Եıûǿ顣ǣ࣬ǾͲõʲôˡ
ڻ꣬ûʲôǿߡ
üͷҲƬӡ
һһͶԼԱÿֶס塣
С㿴ʲôӰӿٳƬӱŰĺȵ
һɱ֮Ҳžѹȹ
ʵϣȻվǰ棬ҲȫԴӾ߾ٳĿռǺܴģվҲ˵ǵ·
ԿԿƬӣ˵
СӣƬӱԼŭˡ
һСӣҶа壬޷ܡеɲ١
е˼εƢôһСһҲˡڴһŽɫƤЦ


1653 չ¶ʵ
ٳڣǿ飬Ȥڵλá
뾰ԳͻƬϽ飬ֽΡȻǿ鶼ʶΡ
⵹Ҳ
Ͼһͬĳʼ飬һڡ
ΣҲƢǳĳʼ飬ںܶʱԵúݶԵͬʱҲǵ͵Ӳ
Ҿǰ죬λһǿĻѵһֱһ޴й
࣬ƺҪùˡ
ţݣҪˡŮĸۡβɱѵһ٣ŮҲƽϰɡĻὫ۾ٳ
СһƢҲСһ䣬͸νа塣ǰûԹɡྭΣҲ֪ηˡ
һЩǿʱҲУвٶ˵̸
վߵıѻ죬ȴһֱû˵˲֪Եʵȴ֪ǰݻ뾰Դһνǵһλ죬ھԵС
ɴ˿ɼѻιϵҲôܡĹϵãѻ϶ξ಻򵥡ڣѻûκѣֻһ俴š
ϣȫϢ͵̧ƣžĻ
Ҳ׼γֵ˲䣬Ե˸һ¡󣬾ԵӡҲֶ
˳֮ʱ֮ڣһ貵ķƿ˸ͷųѹһΧ֮ڡ
䣡
˵ӡײһ졣ռ䣬֮һ¡Ժͷųδٳγκ𻵡
Ů踮ۡĽԶüĿʯģޱȵļ̣ǿҪƻǳѡοۡУŮֲõķơ˵ǾԺȫɱҲƻۡڵĽ
ֻоȫ΢΢һ飬һɱŰǹ˲Ϣڡʧɫæĵֵ
壬޷Ƶĺ˼˵ٳŴȶվľԣȴֻһѡ
һĻڵ鶼ĵɴ۾Ǿò˼顣
ԵʵǵԤ
ྰԣײȻռһϷ磬ֱЩˡ
һЩǿ飬ɵĿʼϸµžԡ۲ٴε˫üΪǴӾɢϢȷԾһߡǣôܹʼ鿹⣿
Сĳʼ飬ҲǿȻĲΡ
ڶݵĳ֮һЩǿʶһ㣬ǾྰԵޱǿƺҲֻһֽ͡
࣬һ㣬֪಻ͬоԵ࣬ӦüǿСĳʼ顣
ʵȷʵҲǣӰﵽڶľԣǿȣѾܶʼ顣һƣȫƾҲӰԣûпת֮
ȫ֣ɱбȽϴİգܹɵεĳʼġ
ߵıѻ죬ɫҲ΢΢˱䡣ԵʵƺǰݻϢ͸¶ģǿһЩҲ˵ڵľԣȵڿǵʱ˺ܴĽ
ڿʱľԣʵӦҲʹﵽͨĻζѡڣȻѳԽͨƺǽӽڶ׵Ļˡ
λѻǵһ׻ѣڶ׻ԵĲࡣ
ѵࣿα֮ԭŵı࣬žʵ
ӣӵ̬Ρ
йϵ𣿡˵
ǿһࡣ޷һȻʼǿʵ
Ҿ࣡㲻Ҫ۾ٳԣЦ
ܣⲻܣƺܵ˺ܴĴ鶼֮ήһЩ
ڵһЩŮͣԵ񣬶һĨ
֮ǰ֮һЩԣ˵ԿǻǿߣǱϾϢڣǶۿ˾Գ֣ƺλδˣǾԵĶ֡
ҪǣλྰԺᣬǱ
УȷʵźܶǳǿĻ𣬴ʵĳʼ顣ǣôģȴҵ
ʵҲˡ
ڴ֮ǰŮĵӰѩɾʱڻ֮һβС𶯡ںܳһʱвǿ鶼̸۹ŮӰѩ


1654 ѩ
˵ЩŮͣһЩǿ飬
һ棬һĻǺܲ׵ġͨгΪͳʼǲһġ
ʼ飬Żεʵһ޴ȱ㡣ǾǣǺѽһԼʵͱĳʼ飬ʵûжʼնһ׻
ͨһ·гɾͻģȴһʵûмޡ˵ߵǱûֹġ
һУҲ߾ǴС˾˵ʵһЩĳʼ鶼ңǵʵԼ
Ϊˣǿ鿴Ե񶼳һ־̾ɫǳʼ飬ǸͲںͱΣЩǿУǿ٩߶ѡ
Σ㵽ǿٻǲ٣ˣҿҪˡ۾΢е
ҧҧ촽ɫףû˵
Ѿˣٶ˵ֻ
תߵһԽΪƫƧλ
¾ѾȻвٵĿ
ʮǰԴʹնɱӽ£ȻһЩ鶼֪¡ԭǲ̫¡ӱɱضᱨ𣬽ԺʹӶɱڳЩǿ˵ʵǲֵһС¡
ɴʱȴһˡ
ԾȻлεĴڣкܴļֵˡһЩǿ飬ںǲǿԴӽнԱ
ǱҲǼֵһ֡
˭ģ
ھ֮һԽΪ飬бžԺȵ
תĿȥ
ǳĶȻԼ
̲סٴü쵽ô£ôô飬ҪԼѵЩ鶼߽йϵĲɣ
˭µģ˼ûлӦּ˵
ɫۣһ˫Ķһ˫ǳɫ۾ϢƺҲǺܴ󣬿Կ϶߶ǳʼ顣
Ҫ𣿡ԻӦ
ǲҪ飬ΪŮףٵġ㣬ƾʲôɫ۾˵
ҵȻҲǸŮףٵġʶ
㣿Ůף٣ʸ𣿡ɫ۾Цһ
Ҵ壡Ե
壿ʲôҵ֪ǿ˵ĳԱǿǿΪŮף٣˵ùȥûʸ񡣡ɫ۾˵˿ȫ
ǣѾֳǿʵ
ʸ񣬻˵ʸΪŮף٣Ӧö˵ġҲŭˣɨŶԷ
Ҳж϶Էʵ
ɫ۾飬ƺҲﵽΡص㻹ǣ飬ȫǼֲĴڡЩϵϢԶɲ⡣ɫ۾飬Щһ𣬱ضҲ򵥡
ߵǿ飬ܾܿĳжϻһԭ򣬾ڴߵǿ飬ͬǼ۾
˵ͨѩõĹϵܽŮ踮ۡȱ΢ĴڣԭҲᣬͬһڣҾúܲҸһᣬȥŮ踮ۡҿеĲ졣ɫ۾鼫Ե
ѩã
һһ˿⡣쵰ưѩΪã
Ц
߲죬ʲôϵɣƺҲС뷨ۣԼ˵
㡭ɫ۾͵վ
壡Եļǿ飬ڡ
飬ݺݵĵ˾һۣ˻ȥ
мǿڣĿⶼ˿壬ֿλгֵǿڡ
֣⺢ӣ㵱ķɰң츳˵ã̶ǧ̤Ρ˲𡣡һǿ˳̾˵
⺢츳ҲŬ˵ҶҲȽˡǰһѩԡСһܱȵġҡҡͷ˵
ᵽ˾Ե֣ǲδԡ
ǺǣҲ̫⺢ӡһҲôߣ浮Ҳû١ĳɾͣδؾ֮¡ǿ΢Ц˵
ٺ١˵λСֵѩϵܺáŮǰѩġһǿڣȻô˵һûͷûԵĻ


1655 
ضʱ̧ü˵λǿڡ˫֮УԼһЩһš
һδŶǰŮ踮ۡΪĵȻǽֻصǰͽֻصѾŴԲ̤Ρ
ǸŮ踮ۡĿľǰѩ
ԴӰѩΪȷʵвٻеǿѩѩòö˵Ǳ̤Σĳɾֻ»Ӿˡ
ڻУЩǿĴڣҲԶϵġŮַǳϲʵǿߣҲѡǽŮĹϵͲ
ҲϣԼĶѩΪ¡ĻŮĹϵȻԸһοԺѩܿҲﵽȽϸ߽׵ĻΡ
֮ڻڰѩϴĴȷʵһЩ
ضλ˵ǿڵ΢΢Щû˵ʲô
ǿڵĶԻҲȫȻˡļһ֮ԶԼ˳ӣҲǽһԭ
ѩȷʵ̫ˡ
вɵҲһֽȸУҪΪǿʵȲ˵δֵĽѣΪѩҲøǿ󡣷޷ػסѩ
ھԵʶ֮УϣκȾָѩȻҲ֪ѩԼ㺣ѩ֮ͬ
롭սŴԲ̤ΡĬĬת
һЩǿ
ǣûʲôעˡȻǰԱֳʵٵĿ⣬˵ףЩǿĴǰԾһСһѣֵǽ̫עھԵϡ
Ȼһ̶ϣҲӾԵĴڣϾһǱܴߡ
Ůˣ
ʱһٳ
ţһϮɫȹŮ粽˽
Ůʱȫ鶼վЩǿڡǣվʾԼŮ𾴡
ŮߵλãĿ⻷ȫھԵϣ΢ͣһ¡¶Цݡ
ҶɣÿŮ˵ʱҲ˳
ڳ鿴Ů֮󣬲Ŷ½
翪ʼɣŮ
£һŮͣЩŮжż侫µ̵Щ̵ڣʢзǳ󺱼Ĺʵ
ЩʵһԶδЩʵ֮ڱƢʶһֻᵽЩþһļ¶
һûʲôʶܲμε磬˹ʺˣ
뾰ĦͲϵھӹԵ̬󣬱ǳԼһ䡣
Ļ鶼ֿԡһ϶֪˵ྰԡ
ԵȻҲ˲֪ԼһԿ˿ŮûԡŮϣԲŪһЩŮò顣
ûлӦԵñȽϵ⣬ΪԼͷˡ
ʵϣھԸոսٳʱ岢δںԡ֮ǰҲ˵˽ǾԵʹɱ˽񡣿ɼˣҲû⾰ԣΪܹԼγвɵƾԼʵκ˼ͱˡ
ϣҲòϣһǿʵߣȷʵԼһв̬ı仯֮վ辰ԡ
Ů￴һۣǴЦ⡣
ҲÿѣԱɡŮЦ˵
ȻŮôԱ㣬ȫߣûʵá
һλǿڣվ
죬ŮٳǺǣιҲһ񣬻Ů¡λǿվһһκɫ֡
κɫϣһʵĺڹת
Ů￴˫ü΢Ķһ¡
ڳ飬Ҳһ
ǧֺôֱʣûпĻӦܵĻְɣһǿڣһ̾˵
ܵĻ֣
֮ǰԻûϳǺ֣ԾȻˡܵĻ֣ҲܵĺŦֻҪƿһεĿܡܣҲ൱һ׻εս
־ͳһܣȷʵǴֱʣǶڸ߽׻˵ⶼǷǳصˡ


1656 Ҳ
ܣ棬ҲǷǳϡеġ
ܻ֣ʲôġǧǿ飬İڰ֣ϣȻһĨ⡣
ǧҲǳʼ飬һͬսԣϵһһ侪˵츳
Ϊ͸ŮܣԼֱʡȻҪһܣҪĵĲҲǺܶܶġԼƳܣҲҪߵĴۡ
Ůﲢδƴǧ
ǧ̫ˡŮ¿ܻ֣ЦŶǧ˵
ǧȥ
º󣬱ֵڶǿվ
һֱۣһɫȹֳȹ֮ϣơڽԶľԣܸоɫȹϿֲܲ
£
ľ𣬾Ȼó£Ҳ͸Ůĺ𣿡
λǿ齫ɫȹȡ֮󣬳б㷢һͺ
£
˵Ļ籦Ҳ챦޾ףױȵķͨ൱εߣҪƿµķѡ
˵ǻ籦Ȼ˵Ĳʡ˵ÿһ¶֯ģõĲϣһֽлµĴ˿ߡ
УµܹĹһЩǿĳʼҪҵһ׵顣
Ů£ҵĺ񡣡ľĮı˵óΪ񣬷·һص
ҵĵӰѩӦúϲɡŮӹЦ˵
ǱȼֵµļֵҲ˿ȸղǧͳֵܻ͡
Щǿ𣬵ȷʵǾˣһóĶǼıҲ̲ס̾
ľ£ǿվͬͳһֵߵ
ǰμŮ飬϶һЩֵߣһЩֵһ㣬Ҳ֮µۺ졣
Ůǰ
ҲվŮʺ
ҵһöտԪ˵䣬һöɢѤɫ⻪ˮǰ
һöտԪֺڳĺܶ飬ʶĶһ
ԵĿ⣬ҲһöտԪ֮ϡֻǣڴ֮ǰδ˵ֶ
ҲȻѾӵлεʵϾͺСڻУȥĵطҲֻһСƬ֮ڡڣźܶ챦δ˵ġ
ɴڳı鿴֪տԪԲͨĶ
ȻŮ￴öտԪĿⶼһ¡
̫˰ɣŮ￪ˣ񣬿ȴĸء
տԪļֵȷʵԶµ
£ȷʵóıΪŮٳĺ񡣵ȻóˣҪȡŮΪҪŮʵײ³ˡ
ؿŮЦЦ
͸Ůѵ΢Ц˵
ŮһҪҲ˳˵
ðɣҾˡöտԪǵӰѩУȷʵôŮ΢ջǽ
ŮտԪɫԵ÷Ƶɨԡ
Сӣʲôұȣ
ʲôѩãѩãģ
ӵĿžԡ
ԾͱȽͨˡЩǿ֮󣬶һЩʵȽϵ͵ϺЩóģȻ޷Щǿĸ߽ȡ
֮ڣ鶼󣬾ҲڳĬ֮վ
ǰҲһϡԳ˵
һЩ飬ĿҲӹԣҲɨһۡ
ںڳЩ飬ȽϹעҲЩ߽ǿóģͲôҵĿˡ
࣬͸ȥעˡһ࣬óʲôأ£һЩͨ챦඼òɡ
ŶŮԵĿҲԣ
񲢲ҪŮ˵һ䣺ԣ㻹ᣬǰѩѣҲͲҪˡ
仰ҲΪԿѵ˼Ծ㲻ͺŮҲ⡣ŮȻԾԵĵ⡣óһͨҲᱻȡЦ粻ֵĺá
ǺǣλԵƺǰΪŮǰף٣ûкǾԵ̫ʧˡ̾˵ڼҾԡ


1657 
ΪŮף٣ϺǶĿɲǾһ˵档
Ȼ˵ڳЩԣֻһͨȺкܶ鶼δ཮ҲûǰΪŮףٵľԲóǱضΪһЦ
ڻУֻһͨȺĵ̣Ҳ޷ЩȺȡδŮĸۡΪŮף٣Ȼܲ׼Է·ûм˼˵
ҵܶڳǰ˵Ҳ㲻ϹءҲҾԼŮ⣬Ů¡ԶŮ΢΢
ھԹʱ΢΢һһɫ壬ھԵǰƯڿС
ɫ岢ܴԼĪҲȭͷĴС
ɫֳȫ飬ĿҲ˹
ǲΪóʲô飬ҲĿһۡ
ʲôһֿʯ˵
ƺҲǺͨĶȥҲкɫâתһһЩ
óģǺӣħħ֮еõĺӡ
ӣһ壬̺ܡ棬ǼȺʯһӵı棬Ѿ˾ܵ󷨡û󷨵Ŀƣӵǻ᲻ɢġȻ̺ǳ֮࣬ƾɢҲһʧ
Ϊô˺ɢԵԽȡ󣬺δХ֮

ڲģʲô
ѵҲ챦ﲻɣ忴ȡӣ󣬾Цų˵
ʶӡ
ʵϣڳڶУûӵǴӵ飬ֻЩ߽
Ҫ֪ħħڵĺӣǻ춴ġ춴棬ǿĳʼ֮һʵŮ֮ϣŮﶼ൱Ĵڡ
춴Ҳڻʱ򣬵õЩ塣ȶ֮ڵĺϾͱЩǿĳʼϷһˡһЩյ֮лУʵ̫̫ˣҪõҪʵҪ
ԶЦЦûжרŽ͡
岻ʶӣҲھԵԤ֮СأӵкֶڵʵǿǸ߽׵Ļ𣬿زǳʼ飬ǿߡ
شʱı鿴ĶӲʶӣȴʶӵġ˵仰֮ɫ
ԣ˵һ˵óǺЩªţ治ʶءǺǣ˵֮еı岻ʶҲ治ࡣҲܳʶˡͻȻһǫԾʵ
ǰʶ΢˵
Ц
壬죡̲סǳԼĶˡ
Щ
ʶҲˣɵڳڶǿڵ棬Ů棬ıȷʵЩˡóĶֵҲˣǣóĺӣֵ֮ߣտԪʯԶԶ޷ȡ
տԪʯҲһֻ浮̺ǿĽᾧ塣ǣȴǳƵıȫһεġ
Ȼתͷ˿ף׸׵Ϊô֡תͷ֮󣬾Ϳشʱɫѿ
ѵԼ˵ѵ⾰óĶǺܹأôܣ
СֵܣĴֱʰǧ̾˵һ䡣
ǰǺǣóĺҲ¶ԱȰ뾰СóĺһȣǵĺֱͲֵһˡľҲµı˵
ʱʶԼˣЩĸо
óĶƺķͬһ㣬Щ߽Ŀж𺳡
ڳһЩʶӵ飬Ҳʼ˽̸ཻѯžóĶǺ
ԣľ㹻ˡӣ㻹ԼʹðɣУ޷İŮ˵
óӣŮﶼû뵽ʵڳܶһΪóʲôĶϾԵţ࣬ܵõʲôأ
óӺŮҲ΢΢һ˵һӣŮ˵Ķ
ŮǰҴ壬ΪٳϺջأŮһҪ¡˵


1658 ֻص
Ե̬Ⱥܼ
ȻóˣûջȥĵԵȻ֪Ӽ󣬲ħħһõӣ͸ŮһҲʣӣȫ㹻ʹˡ
ڳ飬ԺӺۺ졣Ǹ߽׵Ҳ޷Ӻӡ
ӲмǿǶԳʼ飬żջ󡣱Сʼ飬ܹպӵôпԼľʵ
ڻУʼҪʵѣҲһЩԳʼͬõģ֮һ
ҵӣ̫ѡ
⣬տԪʯҲܶԳʼЧտԪʯ̺˵ͺˡ
ʵϣǿĳʼ֪ħħкӣҲǵòġħǶʼ춴ֽģҪУѵòһĴ󡣾ɽ룬ҲΪ¾ʥʦܽħĿҲ͡
ܿħ͸Ӳܴߺˡ
ãҾӡŮͷ
˵Լ壬ôŮͲܴĽԵǰѩѡ
ʵˡ
ȻĲûжȥעƤ̣̫ˡ
óʶҲˣȻ˵Щ֤Լ֪Ǻ޲Ҹضȥ
ھ֮󣬻Ϻ
󣬴ҲſʼùʵҲʵʹڿҧЩʵԾԵжкܴĺô
β
Ůٴվ
λֻصһΣֻص飬һλ
ǷֱǹűwȸˮľӺ;ԡ
ڣλƲٳ֮⡣
Ů˵ĸҪֻص֣ԵҲС
νҪֻصĸ飬λԣһλŮԡŮ飬λˮľӵߡ
ĸ飬˾֮⣬λкܴ󱳾߽ܹϵһλһӴȺţӴȺ飬ǽйűw顣ıǻкպĹ塣
壬Ǳǿĳʼ鴴ȺһȺʼγɵȺЩʼ飬ֱӷܳĺγһӴȺ
ﻹҪ˵һ£ͬһͬĳʼ飬߱ԲŻôʼѡȺٲ֣ǿԷܺġ
ΣҲڹĳԱ
壬һνкܶϲΪ塣
뿪ٳԺ֮С
ŮֱۻӶһڰɫâ뵶ɫ⻪֮ܿϣγһ޴Ĺ˫ɫͼһɽˮͼ
ڰɫ֮УԸо˴ҲҲͺڰɫâǴַ
ǿԿʼˣ⻪֮аɡŮֿ˵
Ҫֻصľĸ飬໥һۣ㶼˶Ǹ޴ͼĺڰ˫ɫâ˹ȥ
ĵӰ𽥱ڰ˫ɫâ֡
ྰԣȻδ̤ΡᱻֻصųһĳʼȻ˵ı˵
֮ǰٳڣԳֽλˣһЩ黳ɾǻ𾳽磬ӾԵϢϿΡھԽֻصȴûбֻصų⣬ȷ˾δﵽΡ
ǰսܹﵽΣӦþƾǷ˼һ࣬ôӵ˿ֲģһͷ
Сһ˾ò˼顣սھǿ̤𾳽磬սǿƥж𶼿ܰɣ˵
ΣɫòʱҧгݣʱĿ¶׹⣬ű˫ɫ⻪סľӰ
࣬ȷʵǸ̥һôãûߡƵȺҲ֪٣ʼ⣬һûƥġһλ߽
ϧ»ˡһλǿϧ˵
һЩ鿴λǿ
ǲ֪⾰Եʹɱ˽ĵӽ𣿽Ӳ٣Ǻġڽò˶þ̤𾳽ġλǿڸоĿ⣬֮˵
׷׵ͷ
ǰ
⾰Ե˽ֻǺѻóˡͬǸ߽֣ྰֻǵסʱ䡣
ǺǣԸңҵǿ԰ľ۾Ц˵


1659 ξ
ľ仰˼ԣ˵ԸΪ׷ߣԱӻԵİȫǵ߽
׷߲ʹӣȴҪԼһΪ׷ߣǼԶҲΥ棬˵ѡ
ʵϣǿУкüλ˼ľࡣǱߣܳΪǵ׷ߣֵǸһЩۡ
ŮƺҲܿþ԰ɣ򣬾ͲֻصϾһʱ䣬ҲͲôѡǧĿ⿴Ů
ǧĻŮ΢ЦЦ
Բҵ׷ߣ׷棬ȥԡŮ΢Ц˵
ŮӵһۿԣͲȷԲΪκ׷ߣ¶ԷǸ߽
ǿҲЦЦ

Խڰ˫ɫâ
ǰһڰ׽֮ڣţϷͨټһĽȥ
ʱľԣѾλһֻص顣
ûеʱ䣬̧ȥ
ڰ׽ݣûκӾԵ֣˳ڰ֮ǰ΢㣬˽ȥ
Խ֮һ¡
Ϊڰ֮źľеȫͬ
һͨ硣
Сү
һԴʧ˻һ毺õŮվԼǰһ˫͸۾עԼ
еСүԼ
ͬʱһɼ糱ˮһӿԷ֣һ꣬ݣһгСӡһ磬һ㡣ĳףһλϵˣĸףһλĸˡ
վǰŮŮչ
ʮ꣬ԳʮУȫһ֮ۡڣδ뿪ڸ׵ĳС
ڼ֮У˽磬һǳƽ硣磬ûǿߣе˶ͨһЩȽǿ׳ˣҲһʮ
ڶ̶̵һʱԱȫ뵽µ֮УǰһУŮ踮ֻۡص
ƺȫʮꡣ
үȥѧöˡŮԾ˵
Ե˵ͷȻվ˷䣬ųѧȥѧʺܺãĳףܸߵϣܵʵһĹ١
ڵĳУһ³ĹҡҵͳߣΪʵۡĳףҲǻʵ۵ĳӣһ佫ΪʵУһСеһߣһҡ
嵽ѧõʱųĽѾѧڣֻһѧֻһѧ顣
棬ʱɫĶŽŮ
үүһʳáŮ˵
ı˻صԼסķų׵Ժȥ
ףϿѧʡڿ̺󣬳ȻûЦ⣬ĿпԿСӵѧʻ⡣
ƽһȥ
һ죬սͻȻˡ³ҲĹңڹս常صĳУ׵壬ĸ׳Ҫڹľӽս
ĸͽ㣬Ҫսף
ǿֿлǱˡڹĴ˳У޹ˡĸ׿ʼڹӵ׷ɱĸףսˣĸͽ㣬Ҳ֪١
һֱʳǵķȥߵԽԽ١󣬾һֱߵŮҲȾ档
ĸףջӵ˻ʳǡʵۣڹһսսܣҽڣһս³ѵĻʤˣ³ڹ֡
°ǵĳУǻزȥˡ
֮ĸҲ˼׳ɼ徣ֻʣ¹һˡ廻һ֣ٴβμ³ƾ١ĿԡƾԼѧʣո¶ͷǣһʵ۵ĳá
ʵۺģ塣
Ȣޣӡ
ʮһӺһŮǰ

վֻصڰ֮ڵľԣ΢΢һ
һΣԿ˿ңеһж
ĺһ
һʵޱȵξξУȫԼ·Ǹõȹһ
ϲ
Դʱޱȵƽֺ񻹳Ǹޱʵξ֮С
ƺǣİ壡ξܼ򵥣޷԰ΡУξеһĻĻٴ


1660 
ʱľԣһֺĴ
ξ֮УǸˡھ뿪ξȻһּرĸоԼľξһ
ھԵǰڰ˫ɫ⻪ͨվӣú̾һ
ǰ̤
ǰľٴη˱仯һΣԱһܵУһλ书߳ʿƺһֻһ£ǾǽٸƶӶЩΪʵĸ̣ɱЩ̰١õĲƸȫ͸Щİա
Ĺٸͨ
ǣһ㶼⣬ȻԼе塣
һΣһ塣Ȼǹٸڰвãϵģȴˡ
̳֮ǰЦˡ
ЦݣƺһһظЦݣϵص·ڿжˡ
ˣֿԴ
Իصʵ
֮Уǰ̤ξڶһһؤһĵؤˮоȹˮĺӣȹбѩ˹
ؤһһֱεһǰһ򡣷ɽɭ֣ƺδֹͣԼĽŲ
գڷ·Զûоͷ;֮С
ӵصʵԺ̤ܿĲĸξ˵ĵĸ黯硣
磬ԵĻЩ⣬һͷҰޣһͷĮ֮еҰǣһȺ졣
ȺڻĮ֮ʳΪʳȺ࣬ҲеĹ˺ǿĻ
ֱȥȺгָǿ׳ҰǣʼսĵλһΣսߡڶΣսߡȥսĴԽԽ࣬һˣսҧ˲ӡ
硭
硭
Բϵһξд
Ȼ֮зű仯ֻǣԴʱδע⵽Լı仯һȥأּһ硣

Ǿԣƺ߳ڰ˲ˣ
һʼ飬Ͽգ˵
棬ǿԿڰ˫ɫͼ֮ĵӰġĵӰ֮УͰԡ
ֻصĸ飬ȽƣǶһʵ磬Ȼ黯жȹһ
Ҳû
ĸֻص飬ʱڵλãΪ塣
ȥͺһͨ
еĸ飬һ֮ͨУöε͸
ǣܹն٣ҪԼıˡ
ʱľѾߵڰ˲壬ڳĴ֪ġֻص飬ܹ֮ͨߵڰ˲ǱȽϺġ
˵ͨǰ߳ĲԽ࣬ҲǾ黯Խ࣬ôյԽ
뾰ͬʱֻصλ飬ʱھԵĺ棬֮⣬߳ģйűwĹ飬Ѿߵ˵ھ黯硣
ԣȷʵŻмȺ츳
ǰļƣƺҪͨˡƺǲܵ顣һλǿ˵
ͨÿһߣ黯ʮ硣
ܽʮȫһεߣȴܺ
һܾ߰˸黯飬ѾǷǳˡ
ڣҪʲôܾȫʮ黯磬û֪ڳĳʼ飬Щǿڣ֪е¡Ůͨ
һŮרΪѩֻصѩֻصУҲֻǾ˾Ÿ黯硣ɼˣѩ뿪ֻصڲ֮ͽյԲĲΡ
ʵϣԴŮõֻصУֻܹصоʮ黯飬Ҳֻѡ飬Ѿ伣ˣǿĳҲ뿪档ǣԾʱǶﵽ˸߽׻Ρ
ʵϣҲֻصصֻ꣬صͨһҲǾ˾Ÿ黯硣ڵأѾǸ߽׻ŮȲεĳʼ飬ƽƽĴڡ
Դӵڰ˸лصʵǰ̤ھŲ
ֻصڣԸоԼһ磬ÿһжȹһʵϣ·ڶ鿴ȴ˵ǰ˸磬Ҳֻǹȥʮʱѡ


1661 ڤ
ھŲʱ·ڶǿߣͫ׶Խ΢΢һ
ܹͨŸ黯磬ѾƵ츳ˡ
ֻصȷʵֻиաʵϣܹ֮ͨо黯磬ҲǴﵽ黯֮ϣ˵츳ǿˡ
ݹֻصʷеЩ飬黯ֻҪܴﵽ߸ϾͶ̤𾳽硣ܴﵽ˸ϣ߽Ǵﵽ˾ŸͺֲܿˣضܳΪ߽
ŮõֻصʱѾǳǳԶˣܳʱ䡣֮УֻصÿһͻṫĿһΡ˽ŮҲܺķһЩۿֻصһЩ
ֻصҲˡЩ֮УԼֻһ룬ܹ黯硣
Ҫֻ֪ص飬϶൱ΡΪһߣܹﵽΣⱾ˵żǿ츳ɼˣ֮Ҳֻһͨ黯硣
ЩߣֻҪδǧûгģ϶̤ĲΡ
ھŲھŸ黯ʱҲѹڳЩ֮𶯡
ھھŲ֮ǰҲһЩĥžǲܹھŲҲֻĥΪԿһ飬ʵࡣ
ڣʵ֤ȷʵߵһѾͨʼھŸ黯硣
˲𰡣
ò˶ãԾѩһĳΪ̤֮ǰսͣһΪĻֱӾսʵˡǧ˵
ĲΣҲôֱһ𡢶͸߽
ŮǧЩ飬Ǹ߽
߽Уǳʼݡߴﵽ߽ģԱȽ١ǣҲԼƣǾǼΪ߽ȻԼĿʵ
ߣڽУǾ̫ϧˡ
ǰ˵ʵϼһЩĽߡǣ浮ʱӵŸ߽սʱȥˣȻǸ߽ΣսЩߣֱԺԲơľЦ˵
ľһֱȽıʵֲŻ浮ʹڵһŲ
Сӣ᲻ͨǧĿ˵
ûпܵġһɫƤǿ΢΢
ţȷʵпܣֻǿԺ΢СˡҪʮ黯磬̫ˡʱҲֻѡңʮ黯鶼ͨ塣ЦЦ˵
ֻصеı֣ҲЩ
壬ìܳͻ嶪ӵĵȻҲԣԾʵеġֻǣΪݰŮ踮ֱۡӶԾԷ
ȻҲǳϣѩܳΪԼӵĵ¡
ڣɱԣһȽϰ۵ϰ
Ů㿴أǧЦЦŮʵ
˵ȻֻصҲʲôܹͨʮ黯硣Ůҡͷ˵
ȸѾͨڤˡһλʼָ֣ϿյһӰ˵
ȷʵ
·ĿֻصĸУѾһ뿪ͨ
ֻصǷΪ׶Ρһ׶壬ڶ׶ڤȡ
壬Ҫ黯硣ڤȣֱҪȥսˡ
λжȸ飬һǾ黯硣ʱڤȣʼڤڵս
ڤ֣ԽֻصʵΪġ
׶ΣԱȽΣһεľڤȣҪɱе塣һɱֱӻЩֶ̺Ӧ
ȻҪնɱڤ壬һ׵顣˵൱ѡЩ壬ǰȽСģҲһȡ˺壬ʵӽ
ڶĿⶼжȸ顣
ȸͬľһŮ踮ۡģǶľļᶨ׷ߣľһҲһֲ塣


1662 
ڶȸڤȽ׶֮ΨһŮˮľҲͨ׶ΡˮľֻصıҪȶȸһЩ黯硣
ͨ黯磬гһϣ̤ˡ
ʱ򣬾ٴδ黯緵ʵĺһϴһĨ֮ɫȻȻѾʵȻܵ黯Ӱ졣
ѾǾԴӵھŸ黯緵ء
վͨУǰڰ˫ɫγɵͨȻǰһʲô仯ԻһЩʱ䣬ƽһ׼ʮ
Բ֪ǣʱ·Щ飬һȫĿϡ
̤ʮʮ黯磬ôֻصʷϣʮ黯ĵʢ֡
ʱ䡣
֮ǰһֻɹ̤ͨʮ
˵ܹ̤Ų鶼١
̤ʮ𣿡
ܣԲܣ
һӦûڤȣڤ壬䲫ɱ
·ĻУҲвٶϣԳɹʮ黯磬ǰݻ죬Ρ顣
ԾŸ黯磬Ѿѹܴɹʮ黯硭ǲһԳɳĴڡ
뾰ûκγͻĻҲв٣ͬ뿴Ծʮ黯硣ʣڻС
Զˣ̧ţǰ
ͨڣ΢΢һ
ͬʱ·ڶ飬۾
ôܣ
Ȼûֱӽڤͨ
ԣ
һͳڶĿд
ǿڣãµ㡣
ھԽֻص֮ǰΪԿԻ˳ʼΣһЩǿڵע⡣ʱЩǿڶǺġ֪ܻɱԣеһΪ˾Եֵûǲֵá
ڣȻҪˡ
ԸΪǵ׷ߣǾԲϧս
ЦǾʮ黯ֻҪڱȽ϶̵ʱڣͳΪ߽
Щǿڣ¶ԾԾԵƺҪҾ̸һ̸׷ߵˡ

ǡ
ԿԼĵʮξ
ξ֮УûлκҰ޵ȵȡǣȴ֮䡣ͺ磬֪ʱһС
ѵû𣿡Ե綼֣ûпκ࣬Ұ޶ƺڡ
еģֻһƬƬأǹ󼸺ûб߼ʵĺ
ԵһһѰš
һȥʮȥȥ
ǧꡣ
ù¶
ûκεֲﶼûС磬̫įˡ
ʮ黯磬ԵĸоϣѾȥꡣʱûκܹĴڡ磬оκεı仯·ÿһ춼һģֻڲϵظŹȥ
磬Ӧģԣ粻Ӧôݼŵġеĳֶ·𱻻ˡ
ԵȻļ·Ѿȥ˲䴫һ
һεγǿķ籩ϯһƬƬĴء
ϯȥһƬƬϣʼһЩɫһСݣڵϣ¶˼һǡ
ЩСݣʼɿ
ܿģһľҲʼ֡ľָͷϸֱ۴ϸڴϸһ˱Ϊߴס
ֲܿ㽫һⰻȻ硣磬Ҳ·һЩ
ǲ
̫ˣȻȥƯ˺ܶ࣬绹̫ˣҪһЩ
Եٴοһɹ籩ϴ
֮УʼһЩߴߴһЩҰޣĳˡ
ԲϵļԼ
磬ԽԽֲ֣ͶԽԽࡣ
ֹáһ죬ͻȻ֣һЩֲֲήȥˡ֮кܶද￪ʼȥˡ
ǣѲʱ򡣡ʶڡ
⣬ôϵֲͶȫΪԪĿݽ߶ȥ
ǣҪӵзܵһһķȥͿԱ֤ٴͷųһɹıֲͶṹ
ǾԺֲַ֣ܿͶﷱܿΪˡչȥ罫ᱻ׵ļ


1663 
Եʼ˼
ȻҪƽ⡣
ҪϵҪϵĲҵ˴𰸡
ʼʳϵѰƽ㡣
ڣȻ𽥱ȶϴһƽ״̬
ֹ˲֪꣬Ե뿪˵ʮξ
վͨڣԾþöûж
ʮ硣
ʮƺܼ򵥺ͨ黯磬ʮ黯УԵõԼ벻һһֹһɱ䡣
ֻصǷͬһ㣡
ҵ꣬һξȻȫûѵĻᣬξУȫ֪ξֻصһǵж£ԵУ˭ѳһξֻ׸ˡЩҡҡͷ

Լ

ǰľͻȻ仯һ̣Ա㷢ԼƺһȻͬͨͨȻҲɺڰ˫ɫ⻪ɡ֮ǰȫͬ
ڤˣ
ʮ黯磬ɱ䵽˺ֵز

壬ѵһӵǱȺ𣿲֮ǰһѩֳһԣǶ塣
Ůﴴ壬ѵܵ˵ľˣ
ҪڻŹâˡ
ǣĽ̸ǵĿ⣬ȻѾڤȵľԡ
νֻصĸ飬Ǿʮ黯磬űwǾ߸黯硣
ʱ⣬鶼Ѿڤڵڤɱ
ڤȵľԣҲʼǰС߳һͣΪǰһʵĻɫӰӡɫӰӣҲ״̬˫ֳɢǿܵ
ڤ𣿡΢С
ڽֻص֮ǰԶֻص׶Ҳй˽⡣֪ʱڤȣڤĹҪڤ壬ֱӻöա
΢飡
㾪ңҴӳ˯оѣҪΪ˸Ĵۡ飬ȥɣ
ڤ巢ͳºžԷϮɱɵ䵶ֲ
΢΢һкϼ֡
һڤ壬˵ʵġڤʵҲȫһЩǿߡת
ϼһɫââ˺նɱȥ
ۣӲϼϱŷĽâǰڤӰһڤ壬ֱӱ˺롣
âնڤ壬ڼ̵ʱھ»۵һ
γڤӦ˵Ҫɱȷʵôסҡҡͷϼȡ
һնڤ壬ܿͻָԻܸоһڤϢȿʼʱһЩԵһȻһ˺
飬ɹŭˣڤ׺
𣡡Կ³һ֡
ֱ쿪ĺݺݵڿռһգһ籩ֱסڤ塣һǿ̺žӰܣ˵籩ڤֱѹһš
ڤϢ֮˥ʱ䣬ڤϢȫʧʱ򣬾ԲͷųӰ
˻~
ڤ壬Ϊڰ˫ɫâӿԣ뾰Եڡһźڰ˫ɫâգԶʱо˴ȵ
ȷʵˡ
ڽֻص֮ǰԶʵǺܱģһЩóߣַ϶Խ˾ԡ
ʱԣ˵һڤַգԵ
Ա۾ϤŸոĶա
ֻصȻǷͬѰı̫ˡҸоõֻҪɱڤ壬ҶգӦþܳԽҶԿռʱ䷨ˡǾԣҲ̲סпϲڷתš

͸ɵһڤˣ
ǡҶ֪ô˵ˣҲ̫˰ɣһڤȻʵɱϾ壬ҪնɱҲǺѵġ⾰ԣֻһʱ䣬նɱһڤ塣һλǿڷ˷۾˵
ڤȷʵɱ
ȾһЩʱڤȵ飬һڤ岫ɱ֮СҪɱڤĵһڤ壬Ҫ̵ʱ䡣
Եʵȹűwǿ̫ˡԵսȫһ׻ȡǰһЩڤ壬в󡣡Ů￪˵


1664 Ц
ŮĻڳڻҲͬҪǱնɱڤٶһ¡
Ҫ֪ǰÿֻصֻصڤһ׶Σɱڤһ㶼ǱȽϳģԵһڤ壬һҲҪķѲٵʱ䡣Щ˵Ҫɱڤ壬Ҫڤ
ڻɱһڤ󣬲ûżǰȥͣԭأյһʱԲǰ̤ڶ
ھһ֮󣬵ڶڤ֡
ϣڶڤȵһڤ弫ƣֻ̺ϢҪȵһڤһЩھǰڤ岢û̫ϰ
ܿ죬ڶڤ屻ԻɱҲյ˵ڶڤ̺֮
ڤʵǿһЩ̺ķ֮ҲһЩ
ɱڶڤ󣬾ͣʱż

ڤǰĸڤ壬ԾԶûʲôвǵ͵ĸڤ壬Ҳ֮㽫ɱ
ɱڤ󣬾̺ķ֮ͣʱʱ䡣ĸڤ̺ķ֮ǿ󣬾ͣһʱ䡣
ɱĸڤ󣬾ϵѾﵽʱͿռ䷨ϵ
Եĸʵͬٵš
ò˵ǣܷ֮Ǻܾ˵ġ֮ںֻ򣬺ֽʱͿռ䷨֮С֮һֱСǣΪԵĶ̰壬Ի֮˵ơ
ڣԶƿѾﵽ΢ԽʱͿռ䷨ûֱ֮Ӿ˳ܴﵽĳɵӡ
ԵڤȣδԼա
ڤ塣
һڤʱ򣬾ԸоһѹڤʵҪȵĸڤʵǿһء
Բûеģ෴ĵǸӵ˷ڤʵԽǿ̺֮ԽࡣھԿЩڤʵʵڵĺôʵʵڵ
ķһЩʱ䣬Խڤɱ
˵ڤķ֮󣬾ԵĿһĨ⡣
̫ʹˣ
˽Ϣڤڣսʮڤ塣ҽʮڤȫɱĻҶƿأ᲻ֱӴﵽԲأ
򶼴ﵽԲΣôʣʱͿռǷȱˡһʱͿռҲԲΣôҾֱӿԴﵽľ磬Ļ𡣡ڣ˷ܵĻ档
һŮ踮ۡȷʵˡ
ֻصôҪԼȣֱԲ֪Ҫٵʱ䣬ķǧǧ궼ǿܵġ
ڤ壡
߸ڤ塣
˵߸ڤķ֮󣬾ϵղΣѾǳβó飬ɲ塣
ڻڣȺϵԾŴΪݻġ˵ϰٸССȺȫԷΪħȺǷǳٵġ
ȻԵʵڲϵţԺڤ壬ҲʼЩˡ߸ڤɱʱ򣬾ԶڤһΡڣǿȼǿڤһΣҲû󰭣ֻܵһ𶯣΢ָ
ʱ򣬹űw飬ѽڤȵս飬ѳֻصص·Ժ֮ڡ
ֻصУֻʣ¾һ顣
ʼսڰ˸ڤˡ
ս߸ڤʱѾڤһΣûܵشˡ⾰Եȷʵǿ»֮µ飬Ҫ⾰Եɡǧ̾˵
漸ڤʵǳֲȫܱҪɱѶȼ󡣲ҿڰ˸ڤӦûסĽŲֲľ˵
Ȼ׷ѾֻصҲ̫⡣
ǺǡƾģǿսǰڤȻɡǣһסڤĹôٶȾͻǳ졣Цһ˵
仰Ҳòͬ
飬ʱȷʵǿ󣬵ȱҲȽԡһ飬ֶζǷȱ


1665 Բˣ
ĿǰΪֹԲδ·ЩǰֹԼĸֶֹΡ
ȻΪԹֶǷȱĻ֮ԻֿҲȫΪûбֹϵǣһ˵飬ڷ򹥻ֶ϶ֲܴڡ
ħ壬˵ħûз򹥻ֶΣɱƾ
棬ħȺҲǲ
һЩʵȽϵ͵ĳʼ飬ڷ򹥻ֶϴªúܡ
ֻǡ
ܿǵЦȫסˡ
Ļʶͷ飬һҲ˴֮ɫ
ڤ֮ڣʱһĻ඼ݺݳ鴤һ¡
򣡡
򣡡
˲Ϣʩչռ
򣬶ڤҲźǿЧ
ȷʵһַǳǿ򣬴ﵽ£һʶ޷ѣ߶Ťڤ̬Ȼ⣬ͬ޷Ӱ졣
֮£ڤٶȶʱҲΡ
ʩչռޣʱ͵ڤı󣬲ϼݺݵĲڤ
һΣԿɲǽʹû̺֮ķǿޱȵӰȥ
ֻһĺɱõڰ˸ڤϢɱɡ
̫׺ˣ
ڰ˸ڤ׷ϾԵĽࡣ
ĸʱڣڰ˸ڤͱͱ彣彣֮һڤ屻ɱ̺ķ֮ա
ɱڰ˸ڤḶ́ȫЩǿ飬¶Щ͵ı顣
ŮĿж¶һĨ˼֮
߸ڤ岫ɱʱ򣬿ȥЩˣڤ˫䵶һΡ
ڳ飬ҲľΪܹɱڰ˸ڤġǣûΪԻɾɱڰ˸ڤ塣
̫䡢̬ˣ
ӣ֮ǰȻһֱûжȫ
Сӵս˱뺷ǿ󲻱ȳʼҲˣڷ򹥻ֶϣҲա
ǰţƺʩչһɲôյġУҲ߶˵֮һһλǿڳ˵
Ի뽣ںˣԲ֮ɱڰ˸ڤ塣һλǿҲ˵
ڽֻص֮ǰԵսӦþǽӽ׻ġ
Щˡ
ող˵ЩȻû˵һ޷ɱڰ˸ڤ壬˭óΪԺɱڰ˸ڤġɽţͱˣǡžžžҪˡ
Ŀ⣬Ҳ
ڰ˸ڤ̺ķ֮þʮʱ䡣ԿԸо뽫ԲԽԽˡ
ھŸڤ壡
һڤ壬սȵڰ˸ڤǿܶࡣ
׺
ڰ˸ڤ壬ҵ֮¶ԱΡھŸڤ壬ĵֿǿˡ
ɱڰ˸ڤķʽɱһڤ壬ƺ̫ܡ
ҵķ֮ǲԲҽŴԲΣ̤𾳽硣ôʩչ򣬼ǶԸھŸڤ壬ӦҲܽ䶤ڵϡ
ҡҡͷʩչռޱܿھŸڤĹ
û취սپôֻһڤ
ռٶƣԵǲܡ㱻ھŸڤһΣԾԵҲܿס
Ҳ֪ʮڤʵжǿ
̲סͻһҲһڤʵ
ԸھŸڤ壬ԲҲֶξˡȻ籩ûù籩ڤ壬ЧӦǺܲġϾⲻ塣˵ڤܸǿܣֻһ㴫ͳܲͬѣƫĿܡ
ɱʱԲŽھŸڤɵ
ҲǷǳӰӽкصĺ
һ̷ҩָһ߿ʼյھŸڤķ֮
ʱһȥ
һ죬Ȼ䣬һĸоյƺ֮ǰ˱仯ǰòһˡ
ǡ
ȻĿ
Բˣ
⡭Ǵ㵣˷ܡ
˵ʵǱʶ֮УΪԼҪڤȵʮڤ壬Բġû롣Ϊɱȫʮڤ壬ҲδڵʱͽյԲΡ
Դʱ˿̣һֲŵĸо


1666 أ
Ԥϡ
ʱľԣһҸ̫ͻȻĸо
ڤڣɱŸڤ壬ϵ裬ﵽԲ
һַﵽԲҲǵһޣɽǲܼˡԺ֮ǰͽֻմﵽԲ磬ʱ񣬾ֻӦ˵ûκεĽ
˵ĸ߽ԾŴƿأҲһ൱ġ𣬾Ǹݷ֮ݻġ
Ǽµһǻ߶˵
ߣ̤𾳽󣬿ȶԼĵ磬ڵݻУҲܹһЩ̬֮Ϊ
̶ֳȵĿţҲֻڷнһͻƣաֻл𣬽ַȫԲϣԼĵ
ޱϲģԼƿصȵþԵ֮
ֻԲҲﵽԲ硣ʱͿռ䷨ˡаת
ʱͿռ䷨ϣԶԿռԸһЩΪںʱ򣬾ѾӴ˿ռ䷨򡣴֮ʵռ䷨Źġ
Ȼڿռ䷨ϣҪﵽԲȻкܴľ롣
ɱھŸڤ󣬾ڤ֮ڵġȷԲ󣬾Ҳûǽһ뵽֮ڣ֮ܡ
һ죬վ
·Щ飬ǵ˼µʱ䡣ǲڤվ󣬱㶼ٴν˹ȥ
ҪڤʮˣԵʮڤ塣
֪ܷ񽫵ʮڤɱ˳ɱһڤ壬ôϣһĻֱӴﵽԲΡ

ҶڵžԼ
£Զˣ̧ǰ̤
Ҳ֪һ֮Լ£Եʮڤ壬ѾԲɱʮڤ壬ʲôأ
ڤ壬ֻ̺ڤķֱ֮ԶʱͿռ䷨ա
Ȼ֪Ի̤
·飬ҲĿתĿžԡЩǿڸ߽ǣҲźǿĺĿһĻ
ţ
ô£һڤ岢δ֣
أôҲʧˣ
Ǻǣʧˣûͨڤȡ΢΢һ㶺Ц˵
һڤ岢δ֡һλʼɻ
Ϊֻص־ΪԲսһڤ塣л˵
ţɱŸڤ壬Ѿˡͨʮ黯磬ɱڤھŸڤ壬԰ˡ
ǰֻЩϧûɱһڤ壬ȻϣֱӽԲġڣҪһʱȥˣҲò˶ã츳ҲҪǧʱ䣬ֻҪɡ
ڶ𣬷׷׵̸š
̸ֽδãʶƺЩԡ
Ϊأ
ʮڤûг֣ԵӰҲһʧڤ֮ڣǾأ
Ѱңδ־Եټ
ֻصĸ飬֮⣬ǽֻص󣬶ֱӱֻصͳͳ˸ġǾԣδߡ
ŮѣСһȥˣǧתĿŮ
ŮҲ΢΢üҲѰҾԵӰ
ˣҲŮ
ŮüתĿֻصɫ΢΢һ䡣
Իûгֻص֮ڡŮ˵
ŮֻصֻصֱӵĸӦ˵仰ΪĸӦΪʱֻصûйرգȻڿ״̬
ֻصһĸСЩʱ䣬Ͷ뿪ֻصˣֻʣ¾ԡԣҲֻصôֻصӦûйرյġڣֻصǿġ
ŮĻҲʶһ㡣
վԿϿյֻصγɵľֻصرգôЩ֮ʧġ
Իֻص֮ڣ
ôܰڤȣʱǿյģûоԵӰ
ڤڣʮӦʮڤ壬һڤûг֡ԣҲʱʧġ˶ֻصѰҾټ


1667 
ֻصδйرգ˵ԻС
ŮҲԥǲǽԼֻ̽صѰҾԵټ
ˣ
ʱһƬ⣬ȴǴֻشγɵľ޴ͼ
Ƭɫâ飬һһȫɴ۾Ŀ¶֮ɫƬ֮У̺ļµܲǸ߽ܵܣ̲סȫ
ֲ̫ˡ
һȫԴͷ
ǡһǿָ֣Ϸλá
Կһ貵ĶĿơɫ⻪Ǵһ֮ɢ
ֻص¶ľ󣬿ͺһ޴ɽˮһƣɽ֮ϡ
ƣ
Ϊ˾޴ܣһôãδ˿µơһо̾
ڳЩ飬֮ǰֻصļ֮⣬˻϶ǻΡƣǲİÿ˶صĸֶΡ
ǣڼֻصڵ֮ǶЩɵֻۡصڵƣֱǵƿصƣֻصڵȣֱС׼ס
쿴Ծ
˺ܿҲ˾ԡ
ʱԾһ֮£Ҳ˵վ֮ǰ
ʲô
ô£
ƣѵһֱֻص֮ڵͻȻ֣ȻΪˡֻصֻоһ飬ǱԼ𣿡
ڶֻԼ˼άЩҡ
ֻصʷϣƺδֹΡڳ飬ҲǵһμֻصڵơԼ²⵽ܿǾԴֻصƵԻ
ǲ׵ǣôģ
Ҫ֪ڤȵʮڤ嶼ûɱ
ֻŮ¶һ˿Ȼı顣ֻصĿ֮Уֻص˽Ҫöࡣ
⾰ԣѵоһ𣿡
ǹƣȻô׺ܡƵδκιǣȻǾȫƵĻǹñöôֲһ߽˵
ʱľԣվ֮ǰˣѾ֮С
ǿ󣡡
δδԹǿơһ𺳵ת
Ե꣬ѾƽӴΪֽӴþԶƵǿ˸ʶֻص֮飬߽ڣ޷ӴƣҪ˵̽ˡ
Щ߽кܶģϣǾжϳһЩϢ֪ܹһƣǵʵ϶о˵ķԾ
Դʱ̬ƺоơ
һĻڳĴ飬¶ĽʼɵɫǺ޲ýȡ֮ԼֻصоơҲ֪ﵽε飬Ѿ޷ֻصǿ󵽿ƾƿֻصƵʵǾûлᡣ⣬ǲܵġ
վǰľԣֱϥ
꣬ԽƽӴԽСƣ·һƬµأԹʽ⣬ȫµ򡣶̺ĵϣķϷ·޾ġ
ԾԵҪƳ͸ǺѶȡ
ܿģڤڤ֮ƺõһְʾƺֻһʱ䡣һᱻͳֻصְʾޣԼĸоӦȷʵֻһʱ䡣
ǣҪգ˵һ꣬һһǧ궼δܳɹ
ô죿ٵת
ò׵õĻᣬǴʧ̫ˡ
ġԺȻĳһ뷨
һʱڣԺԼܶжоƣߡʱ䵽֮ͻᱻͳȥԣȽġǼǳֻصԼҲȥо
뷨һð̾Ϳʼж
Ȼ޷ƵУպưǿԵģԼǿ󣬾Կʼһġ
ֻǣٶϺܵѹҲܴ󡣵ڣвͨ
ԾһģԼǬڣֻصΪһȥơ
Ϊĺܴ󣬲Իкָܶҩʱ򣬾ҲȫںЩҩˣֻҪܽġٶԴֵõġƣֵô
ʱ䲻ϵš
ҲһֱϵĸƣĴﵽһ̶ȣʹõҩָ
ڣڰʱ󣬾ġĹһһģһƣǬ֮ڡΪ˱д©ϸĶռ顣


1668 Գ
ڳԲǬһԼġƺ󣬾Բ̾Ϣһ
ϿԼġƣֻصԭƼһֻҪ΢һǾ޴Ĳֳˡ
ġƣֻԭСǾʥʦֹǿ̶ֳҲġ
̾Ϣһ󣬾ҲֻܽʵԼϻǷȱ࣬ҪĸֻصƣĿǰǲˡ
һЩʱ䣬ҾµơԺܿ쾲ģʼԭơ
óýģڲƵʱᵽģҲ뽣йء
ƣȷʵǷǳֲġ
ǰĲǾԣһóʹ飬ôʱᵽĻԼóء
ȻԲ֪һ㣬缢ƿʵ̺Ϣ
ʱ䣬ܿˡǰһֻ֮ص˳뿪ֻصйرաϿյľ޴ͼ֮ʧ
ţ
Գֻصɫ΢΢һ䣬ԼܣһȵĿ⣬ƺҪԼȼ
ʲôһ
ԣôҵƵģصһѯʡ
УżС
ѯʣüΪصܲãͺǽԼְԵζ·Լش⡣
޿ɷ棡˵
һ͡
ҲʶԼЩ⡣޿ɷĸ˵ɫҲȻԣǲ߽ӡ
Сѣһνֻص׬ˡľЦ˵
ǰˡԹ˵
ľ𣬶Ǹ߽𣬵Զ˵̬ȣ˵ǽȻͬġԶԶľôеƾ͸Ϊʵˡ
Сѣ˵ʵЩɻڤڣƺֻɱ˾Ÿڤ塣Ҳ²⵽һƵĳ֣Ӧʲôǲ׵ǣɱ˾Ÿڤ壬ôܼԻľº͵ʵȫûоӸµ̬ȣǴ̵ֽζѯʡ
ǰĺܱǸҲ֪ô¡ڤڣڻɱھŸڤ󣬾ͼʱҲ⣬ʮڤû֣һΪԼҪֻصͳˡǣлָ󣬾ͷԼѾһ֮ǰԽ˵
ڳһЩ飬Ե˵ͷ
Բ֪δ֣ҲԤ֮СϾֻصʷ뾰Ա൱Ĵڣƺû֡ΪҴδԲŻôô⡣
Сֵ˾˵ˣûеǧҲЦ
Ҳ֪ԻģŮﶼԣҲֻܽ
мԱʾء
ֻص֮ǰԾܻΡֻصУı֡ԣһЩҲؾԡ
壬ȴЩȥˡ
Ͳ󣬾̤𾳽磬УҲܹע֮ǰģϽǸոŮ踮ۡʱǺܶͽ׻ġصĹϵЩ߽ҲȽϿ
ڣȫķͷѾûʲôˡ
廹ע⵽Ů￴ԵĿ⣬ԼãѩƺԽԽԶˡԣҪķͷҪŮˡ
ǳı
еŭԽԽҡ
ԣȵ
ܴܵĻ𣬶ܿİлü塣뾰Խ̸ô󺰴вȷʵԵòˡҲûȥǳ壬ޱҪҲ塣
£Ц
ԣ֪԰ѩҲ뷨ڣҸһᡣɸսһܻңұ׷ѩá御ѹŷŭֻǷ֤ƽϢ
仰ԵĿ⣬Ҳ
ǿЦ㵱ѩʲô㽻֣ѩɣЦһ
ôѵǲһս𣿡弤ԡ
һΣĸûֹƺǴȥˡ
ң㻹ûҲҵʸֻǣҪ㣬˲׷ѩҺͰѩûŮ֮飬ҲΧڰѩߡ˵
ٷϻ㵽׸Ҳһսȥ˼˵ʲôˣֻܾԣ֤ԼȾԸ㡣
Գˡվԭأ¶һĨŹЦݣɵĵ


1669 ϻ
ӣ
ȫһν̬ȡ
Ե̬ȣ֮Ҫ衣ǻߣྰԸͱȲڣһΪԼߣ
۾ˣҧгݵĶžԡ
ৣȡһԲ
һε뾰ԵĲϼƷͬġ
ò˵ܣһ챦챦ָľǻȻĸֱһЩеȡ֮ǰ£챦ķ롣
޴ĺǳԽ챦ġ
һֲǻ׸һλ߽ʹõͨ
ȡ֮ܿռڣɭȻĺ⡣ڳ飬ܸо˿˿Ƶɱ⻷ơ
ҲĿеԲֳϼ
Աֵɣʵвûд⡣սӵˣսȴӶ֡㾰ΪʵԼҲԴ⡣
壬ԵǿʼȡɱһҪպý࣬ƴУڤ֮ͨڣʩչٶȽܿ졣ԣҪʩչռѹŸ壬ԼĶӣԵص㡣
ţףˡ崫Ӧء
Сӣȫ񱩶ԺȻеԲһƬƬɫӰֳһƬʡ
Ů踮ۡķԻ߷ܣһ֮ڡ
Կ壬΢Ц
Ȼǻ𣬵Ͼᣬ̤𾳽ʱҲܳûԼĵ𣬶ԾԵвܴûе𣬲ûݵϻսȫ޷յȡ
ܵ飬ĿⶼžԺ塣
Щǿڣ¶ȤĿ⡣
ԣСҧ˵
֣ʵɲ֮ǰٳ㽻һΣ˿·硣ݻ챴ѻ˵
ʱЩˣû뵽һ𣬾ǵߣɱҲѡ˵
ٳڣȷʵûȫûԵ¡ʱ뷨ǣԼ֣ܽԻɡû뵽ĽȻҲһ㣬Եʵȷʵǿ˵ԼɱԲѣ׾ȫ֣ҪɱҲסҪȻٳʱõġ
ѻЦЦĿҲ⡣
ѻȻҲϣǿݻ뾰гԹġлᣬҲŪԡУҲ⡣
û˵ݻ뾰֮ĶԹ
⾰Բô򵥰彻֣ҪֳʤܲǶʱ֮ڵ顣ѻЦЦ˵
뱴ѻ뷨Ƶ飬ڳвٵġ
ǰѾչֹʵڤ֮ڣʩչ˶ֶΣնɱ˾Ÿڤ塣ʵǴﵽεġ
Ȼ̤ʱ䲻ֱȽǿĹֶҲض١ĸףǸ߽ءؾôһӣ嵱Ȼȫࡣ
ΪʵǿһЩ
ƣ
ʱ򣬾Ҳ̧ϼзһȣһӰϮɱ
ۣ
ӰԲӰӴǿײ֮УӰԲӰͬʱʼɢ
е㱾£ҲֵҳһΡҲ͵Ϊֹˡԣ׼ӭɡпȵ
ԼԲӰ岢δκεĻң·Ԥ֮ڡ仰˵֮󣬴ԲϣǿӰͷųһΣӰ֮УǳһӴ޵Ӱӡ
ڳÿһˣܸоӰ֮ǰǿͬʱ廹ʩչռܡܣ˲Ϣžѹȥ
е˼ԸоȵԼѹз
оʩչУһֿռ䷨ȻԼռ
ʱھܵĿռ䣬ȷʵʵʡСһ飬һռѹ֮£߶
ûʩչռޣΪȫҪҲĹĴǣֱѹ塣
Ի̧֣ϼĽϣҫ۵Ĺ⻪һ֮ٵĻ۶
֮ȵ
򣬶ﵽԲκ󣬾ԵĻ֮ܣ֮ǰࡣ
֮޷ѹƻ𾳽塣


1670 ѹ
ȻԵ񺣷ǳӴ̶ȾˡǣԱϾδڷϴﵽ𾳽硣
ԣ߶Ļ֮ѹ壬ǲʵġ˵ĹֶȷʵǿսӦûҪ߳ѩһ
ʩչ֮ͬʱʹ߶Ӱע֮С
֮Ľ⣬ǿܣɱ
⣬ֱӾͽĶƿܣ͵סԵĻ֮ȱģǿռѹ
Լͷŵ嵱Ȼһʱ͸оˣɫ漴ͱˡЦʧĿ¶һ˿֡
ⲻǽ弤ԲĻҲҵĲ
˶һݺݵĲ뵽ԲĻ֮ڡݺݵһԲĻͳһ޴Ѻۣ۵ķ֮ʼۿɼٶɢʧ
ͬʱѾʼܻ֮ѹҧĴ߶ֵš
ֵֵҲͽ͵ġ
ʵ͵סںӰĻ֮
ܿģԲĻױһ⣬ɱ
ۣһѪ
ţֱӱɳȥɫ԰ס
塣
ԼĶӱɣзһн
ܣܣôôǿૣ۾
ܵ˼صĴ
ʱ嶼ţ޷ʵھǰȻסһ壬ƺһ
ɫҲޱȵѿĿ˾һۣû˵ʲôݻ
ôţʵҲ޷˵ʲô
ĶȻˣҲġʵ˼ң˵ʲôʱ˵һЩݻֻ
ڳĻ𣬶Ծžԡ
һ
ֻһͽɣ
ҶóԶԶǾԵĶ֡ɱĸزôǱɵġ߲࣬Щ
Եʵ֮ǰҵжϡ
˳ԾĻھԵ򣬷һֲĽϣ̺ķ֮ڳܸܶӦõеȻﵽԲĲΡ
Ҳ˵ֻصڣԵ򣬶ɹﵽԲ
ȻһڴҵԺСԣڤڣδɱʮڤ塣ôδﵽԲأ
ѵֻɱǰŸڤ壬ҲܽﵽԲ
һЩȻжһۡ
Կһֽ壬û׷Ǿǰȷʵлɱ塣
һ߽𣬻ڵľܹġ֪ضԼֻ֣Լֲ˶áǿҲоͱɱʱ䳤ˣԼ϶ǵס߽Ĺ
ΡѻȻ𣬶ɫࡣԵǿǳĳء
صѣӵްɣŮѯʡ
ĸۡˣҲѯ±ʾġ
ûʲôֻҪһʱͿɻָȻջúܣǵѹţƽ˵
ǾͺáŮ˵ͷ
ԣ򣬶ԲˣŮֿʵ
ţ򣬶Բˡ˵
ڤȣֻɱǰŸڤ壬ͽ򣬴ﵽԲˣŮĻڳܶʵġ
ǵģڤ֮ڣɱھŸڤ󣬽䷨֮գͷԼϴﵽԲΡ˵

ֻܼصԻҲһλǿζ˵
ǰֻصƵԻӦ뾰еıйء
ֻصﵽԲҲһҪɱʮڤ塣
ڶõһЩϢ
Ҳô£Ϊҵ򶼴ﵽԲֻصŲʮڤɱ˵
Ůǿĸ߽𣬶˵ͷ
λ
ҵٵҲˡСסһʱ䡣Ůڻ˵
ŮһһЩҪæͲˡһЦ˵Ůǡ
ŮҲ
ЩŮ踮ۡסһʱ䣬ŮҲԣȥŮҲȥŮͲϲ֡
вٻ𣬶ܿ͸ȥȻҲһЩסһʱ䡣УǼ߽ظӣûˡ


1671 ʶô
ҲʱŮ踮ۡ
ֻصڣֻصƣһһоԣŶлһ䣬һȥ˽
һָоԼֻܽصһôؽսкܴԼʵӲӦÿԡʹƵôԶԼ϶Ӧԡ
ʱ䣬ԾŮ踮ۡչأȫľоֻص֮ϡǬ֮һġƣȻֻвԭܣͬԶԾṩ

ǺǣСѣȻаġһλ߽ҡҡͷЦ
ôҲܾ𣿡һ߽
ǰҪΪҵ׷ߣֱӾˡҲԤ֮ڡԸΪ˵׷ء
ţҪΪӣԸ⡣ҲǣҲó̵ӡ
̸߽һȥŮˡ
Щ߽֮Ů踮ۡҪ뿴ԸԸΪ׷߻߰ʦȻܣǼҲûʲôˣԶ뿪
ȷʵʦ
Щ飬ȻǸ߽𣬵ܽ̾ԵģࡣԵʵѾǿһ̶ˣǰСʱʱһǿʦ··°빦ڣڷ϶Ҫӽˡ
ڳΪ׷ߵݣ͸ˡ

ףҪǾΪ𣿡һڣɫŸء
ţԺ⡣Ϊ߽ĿԷǳΪҵĵӣﵽ߽Σǽһһ㣬ֻصڲƣһиоƷͬһ㣬ܴӴ˽һӦҲػ˵
ǣ쵰ɱ˽񣬽ưոݵġΪӣ»Ըпҧҧ
ԾԵĺ⣬ɲ׻
˲ôˡΪҲǽŵ
Ǹ߽ҲǸ߽
ˣҹȥȥһԡ˵ţ뿪Եסȥ

ĵþ΢Щ⡣ԻǼ𣬶ԷϾǸ߽ԼѾδıĽˣٽصˣѹĺܴ
𣡡Զ˹֣̬ϣ
ȻǰԴصĶ壬֮ҲϵĳͻʱԻǸ߽һء
ԣҾͳ˵ɡ
㣬ϣΪͽޱ˵
Ϊͽظһ顣
ԣֻҪԸ⣬ھͿ԰ʦص˵ͷ
ڻУ֪жҪΪʦһۡ
Ǹʱûаʦ뷨ҡҡͷֱӾ;ܾء
ţƺû뵽Ծܾ˸ɴࡣ
ͽɲ׷ߡ׷ߵݵλԶԶȲͽܡһ㣬׷߼ûʲôɵġ֮˵ͽ˵׷ߣҲ¾ԾܾڣҪͽԶԸ⡣
䡣
ԣصĿһ£ٴҡ˵
ˣĿǰȷʵʦԼ˵
ȷʵǣҾǲΪʦ
ԣ
֪һЩìܣֻҪΪʦ֮ìܱ㲻⡣ң԰ѩ̬ȣҲʩκεѹҲΪϲѩҪá̬ȼ΢һЩ
Իҡͷ
ˣеŭҲڵð
ԣ㲻Ҫʶô
Ӧ֪Ѿ˽Ů踮ۡŮܱ㰲ȫǣѵһֱֻҪ뿪ôͻΣաʵҲףԽǸεǿߣûκεĻᣬܶ
УҪҲߵݡһ̤߽ľ磬·˽⣬У˵ûмܳҡԽ̵㣬㲻̤𾳽磬֮ҲܸԼĵ
Ӳʩ
û飬һҪչԻˡ
ʦأԼУȷʵһǣԲϲˣ˵ٺãҲʦء
Ǻǡ
ȻѾҲ˵ˣΪ֮һӣ̧˳ȥ
̤أɫ˲ޱĿɭɭɱ¶


1672 ɵ
ԿӰʧ⣬ҲЦЦ
εĻҪ˵ûκѹǾˡޱҪȷʵҲءʱķչܹƵġ
֮ǰЩԴвζԴˣҲĪκΣֻһһĿǰҪģԼʵ
ʱ䣬ԱĲֻصơ
ģԶһƣҲһ֪ңеõ˲ٵϢ
ϢУм򵥵Ľܣһɵơơ
֪Ƶ֮Ҳɵ΢΢һ
ɣ
ڿǵʱ򣬾ԴӰѩ˵һ֣־ͽСɡλ֮һǿߣԳƺɵˡ
Ůƺںܾǰλߺɵ˽Ӵ
ֻصƣɵƣܾܿλġĪǣŮֻصҲǺɵ͸Ůģ԰²⡣
ò˵пܡ
ҲܿһЩŮȻֻصǲȫֻصֻصľŮﶼ֪ɵΪλԻŮͬ
Ҳ˵Ůλ߽εǿʵҲ޷ٷְٵĲٿֻص
Ժɵһо󣬾Կʼһļ
ҪԴ
ɵƣҪԪؾԺܿͲòͣ
ԺɵһЩ˽֮󣬾ԶƣѾʼʱһͷˮŲļҪȡͻƣҪԪؾ
û̫ԥ
ȻҪԴǾṩˡڵԴҲв١Ŀʯ̺ǳԪؾ
Խĸֿʯȡһ߲ɵƣһԪؾ
ȻЧ
ԴҲ£ЧͺáֻҪܹʹúɵƣôһЩԴȫԽܡԾһ
ʱһȥ
ת֮䣬Ů踮ۡ˰˰ٶʱ䡣
ʱ򣬾ֹͣ˲ɵƣǬڵĺƣЩδǿԣԻ򡣵ǣòֹͣˣΪ̺ԪؾƷĵòˣֻʣһЩȽϵͼԴЩͼԴ̺Ԫؾ̫٣㽫ҲգԾԵĲҲ޷ṩʲôˡ
ƣԪؾĿƿֲ̫ˡ
ҪõԴ˫Ŀ
˰ٶʱԶԺɵƵĲҲ˺ܴĽչ
֮Уվֱһӣһ·ڿռڳ֡һ·ϣɢļµ
̫ˡɵƵǿ󣬼ֱҵ֪Ȼֻһ㣬ֻյһ㣬ʩչȴѾ˿ֲЧ뵽֮ڣҵսܹ٣˫Ŀ֮У
û뵽νֻصջ񻹲ﵽԲΣɵơϧǣġĺɵƣ޷ԭɵȡܵõԭĺɵƣǶҵİɾ͸ˡ̾һ
뿪Ů踮ۡˡ
ȥѰҸԴ
˵Ѿкܳʱ䣬ûΪԴˡΪɵƵĹϵò취õԴʥʦȵݣҪ׬ȡԴҲʲô¡
ǣҪ뿪Ů踮ۡС
Ů϶о˵ĲƸԴ޷ŮҪŮֲʦ˵߶ûʲôϵɱ˽ŮϳͨѾǺܴˡ
֮ԽһΪ͸ŮҲйء
ȻԸóһŮｻԪؾԴҲԣԲô壬ЩͨԴɱȵġⶫĻмҲˡУҲһЩǿڵУԲ׵ó壬ϻ塣
Ů
ԣ𣿡Ů΢ЦԾʵ
ǰѾãʱˡԹ˵
Ů踮ۡѾ˰˰ٶʱ䡣˰ٶ꣬ǿ˵ȻҲǵָһ˲ѣҲˡ
Ů踮ۡھס鶼ŮԡԣŮ踮ۡסʱ顣Ůδþ뿪˼пܣǿڰѩϣҲпܣǿھԵĺϣȻҲпΪԵ츳ŮҲȽ
ˣŮžԣ˵ҪߣҲ㡣ߣܾ޷ѩˡѩڱչУʱ޷ء


1673 ׽
Խֻص֮ǰѩѾչ˰ٶȥѩһֱûгع
ȷʵһǳķʱ顣
εǿߣһչأܾʱ䡣һЩȽϲչص飬һαչܳʱ䡣
ҲΪʲôЩǿԪҲ̫ĵԭǱչʱĸ֪֪ʱš
ҲԤϣѩڱչأ¾޷ѩ
ΣҾͲѩˡһҰѩġȻȴһּᶨ
ţҲáŮͷ
ԣ뿪ҵĸۡҪСˡ㣬Ӧ֪ҵ˼Ů˵
лǰѣСĵġ֪Ů˼
뿪Ҫ׷ɱǸ߽εǿڣڵľԾܶԿġ
ڵǿпɲֻнһֻ¶ԼҲϲ⡣
֪Լһ뿪Ů踮ۡضһЩΣաǣò뿪ˡ
ҪҪʵ
Ů踮ۡȻȫûʲôԴˣԺɵƵѾֹ״̬ʱͿռ䷨չҲǷǳĻǻ֪ҪʱܽʱͿռ䷨ﵽԲĲΡ
Ůһһʡֵ
˵ɡŮ˵
֪ʲôطʱͿռ䷨ܹʱȡþ޴ͱֻصֿĵط߱ʵ
Ҿ֪ʡŮЦЦϵԻ⡣
֪ģһܹʱշıڵοǲʹǼˡŮҡҡͷ˵
Ҳ¶Ц
ġҲʹáһ֪ʼ飬Ƶıǣ⼸伣Ҷҵǵټ㣬͸Ӳҵˡ
һطֵһȥط׽磬ڻΪ⡣һЩΪס顣
ʵ׽磬ֻҪ͵һЩȫӦûܹ֤ġ
׽磬֪һؾ׽飬ΪءܽǶʱշ򽫻кܴŮһصϢ
׽磿Իǵһ˵ط
ǰ֪׽ľλںδʵ
һǣƾˣҵ׽λáԣĽ׽磬ҪСһЩ׽ڣʵȷʵҲ㲻׽ͬи߽ʼġңǵֶιĪ⣬ĸ߽Ѳ֮ҪСġŮ˵Žһ׸ԡ
Խӹơ
һ˿ӡǣ˲֪÷;
лŮ
͸ˡٴι֡
ȥɣСġŮͷ
ŮһۡŮ뿪ۡŮͣһֱԴȻʵûŮָ·ԼҲȥŰѩʱǿѾ·ߡƫԾʥʦȥҲ¡
Ȼ֮⡣
Թӣֻ㵽ˡòŮͣĿžԡ
ţȷʵźǿټϣԵòҲǷǳܵŮԵĻӭԸŰѩոսŮ踮ۡʱвŮͶǳƾΪСġСȻʲôҲʲô鶼ܱƺġ
лԶŮ͵˵ͷԶȥ
ž뿪Ů΢΢һ̾תȻȷʵԾĶԸҪԲκεԥͻӦ
ԿٷС
ţ
Ӱ΢΢һ٣¶һ˿أĿǰռ䡣
оһ˿ɱ⡣
Ȼ΢ԻǲˡطͻȻһ˿ɱ⣬Կɲɺϡ

ʱһ̶Ц
ھԵǰһӰӿٱƽ
Сӣ㵹ǺܻôԶȻܲĴڣҲе͡ӰƽУҲ˵
һıȽСӣɫۡԿò˿˵ª䡣
ʲôˣΪεȥ·ȵ
ԷǰǾ仰Ծ֪ǳԼġ
ǽӽ־־۾ӾԣԼݡ
ӣ΢΢һ
Խ־֣Ů踮ۡʱ򣬾˵ˡˣǽĴӡĵӲ٣ɫģȽҲôѡ


1674 ǿ
־ǽɫĵӡ
˲ǽյĵӣϣһ·ͻͽճΪڶʵǿһ
ʵǿǴӡ
µĹǣ۰ʦʱ䣬ֻ۸ʵȫʵΪ𡣽ĵÿһʱͻһΣӶ˳
ԻɱĽ񣬱ǽ½ӿֳšԽ񣬿˵ǸӡΪڽкܴϣ̤𾳽ġ
СӣҲȥ·㣬ĿҪɱ㡣Сӵ󣬾ɱҽʦܡȻҲǺϲ񣬵ʦȴϲʦ𲻸ˣͱɣϵ£ûĻ·־˵
԰ת
ˣʵޱȵǿ󣬾ԲòСӦԡ
˵ǰʹﵽľ硣ڣ㲻𾳽磬Ҳضܽӽˡ־ǾΪֵֹǿˡ
Ҫ˺ܶ࣬һúúõġԵͳ˵

СӣվڣӲġ־žԵ񣬾ͺڿɱ
ƶ޷ѡ
֮ǰҲ˵һЩھԵϢ֪ԵĸʵһЩͨĻͨĻ־ǰǸ㲻ʲô
Ϊ־ƶ޷ѣԲûż֣Ϸˣһ¾ԡֱӶնɱǾ̫û˼ˡ
ˣĪھԣ˵
Գһ¡
Īݣ־ʵǳǿСһЩ΢˼һ£ͬĪ̽һ½־
֪Īݵʵ϶ǽ־Ķ֡ǣĪǿǻ춴ִĵһħ־ܹɻĪݣҪɱĪݣҲӦòһоġ
Ҳʱ׼֡
ಣõԵӦʣĪһ
ȻŴԭڼ̵ʱڣͳʮס
ĪݽΪСȻ˵ΪһЩǣҵɱ֮Уܷӳǿ
Щǿߣƽά̬ǿУҲǻһʱ仯Ϊġ
ָĪݣһ磬Ž־˹ȥĪУ޴͵ĻӶռ˺һ޴ķ϶־Ϯɱȥ
ĪݵĹ־ȫں
ֱһӡ
ҲûζһӡֶĪĻȥ
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ĪӴ͵˳ȥ
ĪݸоԼ磬Ҫѿһ㡣
̫ǿˣн־飬ʵԶԶԼԼˣҲܲסԷĹ
Īסɵһҧٴγ־
ҡҡͷ
Ī־Ĳ࣬ЩĪҲǻΣҲͨ𡣾Ů踮֮ۡǰʵѾĪ֮ˡɱĪݿ嶼в
Զˡ
ȻĪݱ־ɱ
Ȳ˵ԵԸ񲻻Լ˵һεʹӼֵҲ׵ȥ
һʱ䣬Ӵ飬ʵȷʵһһǿ󡣵ǣ棬ε飬ȷʵǺϡٵġ
˵ôĵ֮УﵽεģҲѡ̵жʱˣعƣҲϰˡ
ĪݣˡԳͬʱҲĪݺˡ
ԵĻỊֹ̄ͣǸŽ־һ
һ⣬ɱ־ǰ־Ŀ¶мһ̧֣ճȭͷֱڸ֮ϡ⣬Ǳһȭҵ÷ɿı
ĪݵĹԽ־޷в
֮һϼ֣ɱ
Сӣ־ҲĪˣעתԡ
ĺУУһɫĳӶͬʱһƬʵĵĻ֡ռ䣬֮Ť
ֲܣӵĻ
ǡ۾ĶŵĻ
Īǣǵ𣿡ת
־ʹõģȷʵյһֵֵֽ֮
ڻУкܶġ
ˮ֮׵֮з֮н֮ȵȵ
Ȼк֣̬ܶҲȫͬκһֵǼĿֲҪյȾҪַԲ̤ľ硣
ѩڱչģǱѩ֮
ܸ֮ǹֻȫƺһɱʴ꣬ս


1675 Ů
⻹ǾԵһԡĹ
־ĹҲþ˵ԣھ˵һֱȽİڻһ˵˵ĸ߲֡ھᵽãĸʽ
ȻһЩԣ߱Ӧкܴġ
ȫȫע
֪һսɡԼʱԵĵˣǿ
ҲЩңҿĲǽˡǽԳԼһᶼûС
ɱ־ϷЦݡ
ţһƬâžɹȥƬâ̺ŵ֮ܡͨĻ𣬸͵ס֮ĺɱ
У־Ҳ벻ֹͨһЩǵˡˣһЩԼʦܺʦáǣЩͨ𣬼ûӲԼһеġһЩˡˣһ£ֱӾͱش
־ƺѾ˾Աش龰
Сӣᱻɵ˰ɣ־š
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ֻ˵־һ֮ԱǣԲ¡ڣҲš
СӣȻе㲻һ־ϵЦʧһء
ʱĪݣЩĵ˿ԡ־ʵ̫ǿˣЩܰģҲ֪˾ԣǷܵס־
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־Ƕ𣬲ǷǳǿĶʵЩոսĻܹȵġ
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ɶ񣡡
СӣȻôɱö໨һЩʱˡ־Ҳû뵽Լնɱԣôѡ
֮ǰΪԼԳ֣ɱǺɼ򵥵顣

Ů踮ۡ
ڣϥŮͻȻ۾Ŀ¶һ˿ŭ⡣
Ҷ㹵ͨҲӦҡǣȻôӽ־ȻžԣҪɱԡŮŭ⣬һ䡣
ھԵʹĪɱŮͨŮ˼ǣҲĿˣŮ踮ۡڣᱣԵİȫʱҲޱȵŭǴӦŮ
ڣ־Ȼ֮ɱԣŮЩˡȻ֮⣬ȻѾŮ踮ۡ򣬿ɱϾ⻹ǼſڰڼſڣɱŮܲŹ֡
ҲһЩ˼ɣûԳ֣ôӽ־ɱԡŮ׷Ҳһ


1676 ԵĲ
һؿˣ˵Щر
Ůͨʱ̬ȱȽǿӲֱɱŪԡ
ڽֻôӽ־Ů踮ۡȻ֮ɱԣѾǺܸŮӡ
УýӵѾࡣ
ŮӰž־λøȥҪԴӽ־о
ʱԺͽ־Ѿһʱ䡣
ƾµķڽ־֮£ʱû֮ǡǣԿѾˡԵǣֹһӿѪ
־ҲоԵϢƺһ֪Ӧüֲ˶áֻҪԼǿȵĹܿɱԡھԵǸʹӣ־ȫûϣҲһǿʵ൱һļһˡ
Ҫֿˣ
˰ɣˣҲô־һ߹ԣһߴ̼ԡ
Ҳ¶ǳŭı顣
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ֻǣû뵽ԵķŭֻװԻġ
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ھԵϢԽԽ΢£־ȷʵЩˣΪǰʲô˻ˡ
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С㾹͵Ϯҵ壬Ȼҡ㣬ŭˣҪʬΡ־˻
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ܲѸɢӵ֮ĵĻϡ
֮۵ĵĻͺ˻ĺʼѸٵڻ
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ⲻܣ⡭ʲô־о֮ϢӼҪɳ
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дĻ֮ܣݺݵĺڽ־ϡ
־ȻзﻤȴԶԶ羰ԡӰϣʱһ㵹ɶȥͬʱĿУ³ѪҺټδָƣһήࡣ
ɹˣԶʱϲ
ǰһ̣ԻǷǳŵġ֪һιԼ᲻ɹû־شһ̣ܰġڣ֪ԼɹˣԼļƻ˳ĸԴĽ־ĳصĴ
ûκγɣٴʩչռޣŵɵĽ־׷˹ȥ


1677 նɱ־
־뷢ţ״
ǵԼһγôʲôʱˡ
ѹûγԳɱһ࣬Լˡ
ڵɳȥĹУ־ķ˻֪ԼǴˣ˾ԵĹơ
Ķôṥط־ȫ
ŬסĿһתԶһСƬŤռԼ׷
ıСӣѵɱ𣿡־֪ƬŤռ䣬Ծ֮С

סѹƲסƣٴ³һѪ
һ˲ᡣʱ˿̣ʵҪҸƧĵطˡв˵ҩȻȽأҩ£ò˶ָܻˡƣҲء
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ʬ壬һľɳ
һսھ˵ȷʵĲס˵սǲ־ġ־ӿʼóȫľôԼûκλɱ־ġѵɱ־
־̫ˣھԵУģ
һӦñȽϸаɣԻָƬ̣־ʬǰ
ֱһӣǳȥ־ƶռ˹Ȼǳͷ
һʱ䣬ԽƶռĽƽ⣬̽ȥ
˲䣬۾Բ
ƶռڵıȫ˾ԵԤϡϵһƵĻ𣬲Ƹ϶ܶࡣҲû뵽ൽ̶ֳȡ
һֱΪڵϵ׬ȡԴٶȶǺܿġ˵Ծʱ䶼ȽϸСǵԲ鿴־ƶռ󣬲֪ʲôĸС
ƶռڣȻûıһıķǳࡣ챦кö
ǻԪ˱ʯȻа˿֮࣡һжһöɫƴСƷ
Ԫ˱ʯ
ǻзǳһֿʯϡ١ۼֵȻȲŮ踮ۡԼóĺտԪֵϲҲǺܴ󡣿ңаöԪ˱ʯ
Ԫ˱ʯ̺ԪؾǷǳġ˴ԶԺɵƵĲ򣬾ͿԼȥˡ
־Ļ𣬲Ƹȷʵס
һ˵ԽõĻƸͻԽࡣһ־ĲƸ˾ˣŮЩ߽ĲƸж١
Ҳѹ֣Ů¡տԪʱ۾գһ¡Ҳͼóʱ򣬲΢ݡȷʵҲǣЩͨжޱıŮֲεǿǰҲʲôˡ
ԻһЩʱ䣬򵥵Ľ־Ųһ£ȫתƵԼǬڡ


1678 ʬ
գ
̫ˣԾһδĸо
˵־Ǿնɱĵһǿߡ
ڿǵʱ򣬾ԺͰѩҲֻش˰ݻѡ
Ů踮ۡĪնɱĽ񣬽һ顣ǽĲƸȻȡԶ־ȡ
ˣû°ɣ
Īݷй˿־ʬ壬ֿʵ
ĪȻھһʱ䣬ɴʱȻǶݡ벻ɱ־
û£ֻһСˣָܻܿ԰˰֣˵ߣ
ԺĪݣӿٶ뿪
ھԺĪ뿪֮һӰֳ
Ů
ʵϣŮ֮ǰѾ⸽ԾȻ׷ɱ־ʱеķŭͱ𾪡ӸۡȾԵģȴû뵽ῴһĻԣҲûҪ־Ժͽ־ɱˡ
ԣǹ̥ڷ𶼲ǣȴƾһ˾ɱһ𡣲ң־һĶ𡣡Ůﲻп
ڷҲﵽΣʵöֲ
ơĪǾֻصڵƣԣѵѾգŮת
һ֣Ž־ʬ壬һͬʧڿռ֮ڡ
Ůｫ־ʬ˸ۡ̽Ϣ˽
־󣬽ʵ֪ˣڼȵŭɻУŮ㴫Ѷ
ŭ⣬ٶȣŮ踮ۡ
ʦ˼
ɣŮɱ˽־
ôǲ²⣬ҲΪԼĴӽ־ھԵСԺܴĿܣŮ֣ɱ˽־ԲưոݡŮȻʵɲ⣬ҲŮ
ŮһĽͣԲҪһ˵
ѣ
Ů踮ۡŮͼ˽Ů˹֡
ͬʱŮﻹ־ʬ˳ͷڽǰ
Ů裬Ҫһ͡ŭŮѾŬĿԼŭ
ѣҪҽʲôŮ΢С
ķǳߴһ˫ɫȽ׶
Ů仰Ϣ䲻һ
ŮαװͿҵĵӽ־ôģЦ
Ŷҵ֪־ҪɱԣȴԷɱˡҿ˽־ʬ壬˳ˡϾҲˣ־ĵӣʬ彻СҲӦġŮﵭ˵
ʲô
ԷɱôܣǾԣôɱҴӽ־ŮĻʶľ͵ͺһ
̫ˡ
š
ĪǾ˵ѲɣߣΪҳɱĴӣǺǣҶ֣ǲ᲻ϵģҲûбҪϣ𣿡ŮЦ
סˡ
ŮԣȷʵеŮɱ˽־ŮԸ񣬾Բ᲻ϣƵԵϡ޷Ǿɱ־ƾʲôһ㣿
תתһʱ䲻֪˵ʲôִŮ踮֮ۡǰ÷ġһӺ񱻶ס޷йˣܡ
Ůһ֣һƬĻĻУӰֳȻЩģܿǾԺͽ־
նɱ־Ḷ́ӳһ顣
֮󣬽ϢһЩʱ򣬽ٲŽ־ھҲòˡ
ŮѣǸˡһ£ˡŮ蹰˹֣־ʬͷҲȥ
ŮŽ뿪˺һŷؾסķᡣ
ɶ񣡿ɶ񣡡
СҲŹ㣬һŹ㣬ҪƤ
뿪Ů踮ۡȻ󣬽ŭ
صĵӽˡɫĵӽ־ȻҲˡңӵ뾰ֱӵĹϵɱԣͷ޷ͨ

ʱľԣѾԶŮ踮ۡһһۣǰȥ
֮ϣֻоԺĪˡ
Ů踮ۡҪ׽磬·;ǼңԶġʹû۲ͣ·ҲҪܳһʱ䡣ԣԼչزɵƣĪݲٿػۡĪȻз򣬵ٿػۻǿģֻҪṩ㹻Դ۱ͿɳУ̫ҪĿơ
ʮ󣬾ԵĻһƬŵĻɫ
ԽѾܽӽ׽ˡ
ԿеƣĪݸۼ١


1679 ϲ
վڻۼװϣ΢΢ü
Ƭռ䣬Щ⡣ռڣȻһŤڣǿֻһ޷ķС֮£ֱܻӱŤ˺ѳƬ
Ŀ۲Ƭռ䡣
ף
ȻѹŤγɣռȻһ㡣Ŀռ䣬ֲڶƽ棬ռзǳ΢ĻȣͺҡĿռ䣬ȴһ壬ͺһֽһδ۵ЩڣкֲܿܲԺܿͷ˿ռ֮
ȻƬռڵŤȻǿɶԾԡĪε˵в
ۡ
ŮԵϢ׽Ľڵ㣬Ƭ֮ڡҪģϸѰҸҵڵ㣬ͿԽ׽硣
Ҫڷϴﵽľ磬ȻһҪ׽硣Ҫӿ̣ô׽Ŀǰһ֡Ů˵׽һм͵ĵطԶԾʱշа
ͷſϸѰҡ
Īݲ޷ҲﲻʲôæֻܸھԵߡ
ʱ֮
Σ
ȷڵλã⸽»Ҳ
ǾͱȽˣ׽磬ֱȿǻҪεöࡣҲҿŮҵꡣĺһ
Ѿҵ׽Ľڵ㡣
ţ
󷨣Ȼ󷨴ڡ
ܿģַڽڵܣ󷨴ڡЩ󷨣ǳ֮
ڣǬѾʥʦˮƽҲܽ⿪󷨡
Ҳ֪˭ﲼõ󷨡飬Ҳ׽顣׽鲼󷨣ǿǲϣ׽硣ҡҡͷ㾲ģʼƽ󷨡
Բǿƽ⣬ʱ򣬻û󷨵ķ
϶࣬˼µʱ䣬ŽЩ󷨶⿪ĪݽС
󣬾ԺĪݵӰƾʧƬռ֮ڡ
ڼʧȥк󣬺ָֻܿԿԼĪѾһȻͬ硣
׽֮˰ɣ΢С
ȥĵ磬𲢲֪׽磬ǾԻΪԼǽһǳȶĵ硣
Īݣ׽硣Ů˵׽һȽյĵطҲи߽ڣȽҵǬɡһ˻ĿСһЩתĿĪ˵
ǣˣĪݵȻκεĲԸ⣬ڵĪݣԾԵȫӡ
ǰĪȻΥ澰Ե˼ʱﻹһЩԼ뷨ԴĿþնɱǶ־ĪݾȫԼС˼
Թ۲һ»㶨һС
ţ
ҵķٶȣȻôࣿһУԾͷһ⡣
ķٶȣڻУ֮֮ȷһ£ķ֮ҪΪ¡
ʩչռޡ
Ȼռ򣬶ܵӰ졣˲Ƶľ룬ԶԶ档һ
ռޣȻʩչ˲Ƶľ룬ȴ˺ܶࡣ
Ϥ˻󣬾ԵҲ̫һ㡣
һʱ֮
ԵͫףȻһ¡ս䵽ϣ𾪵Ŀܡ
⡭ôܣ
Ҳǳֻþ˰ɣǣҵǿȣǸ߽Ҳֱֵ̫þֻصǸεı
è۲ݣè۲ݣҲһ꣬ʮè۲ݡԵĺˡ
è۲ݣһֶݡ
ڻУè۲ǼϡеԴ˵ǻҪè۲ݶסǾԣǰȻõè۲ݣɵõҲࡣ
è۲ݣһ̺ǿԪؾݡڻ棬ǾԣŪһè۲ҲסڣھԵǰȻʮè۲ݡԣȻ޷еļ
ˣ
Ƿˡûл뼫أܵõЩè۲ݣҲûаϲתͷ
һ
ʮè۲ݣԳЦ
ûκԥ̿ʼժè۲ݡ
è۲ݲߴ󣬴Լа׵ĸ߶ȡè۲ݣΪɫ䶥һЩָ׸ǻҪСɫС
è۲ݲժУ΢΢һʼϸıҲ£ԼϴˣǰЩֻһè۲ݼƵݣԼǰװ׸ˡ
֮󣬾ɫ΢΢Ǻ졣
ȷè۲ݣֵǵĶݡ


1680 ðԵ
Լӿ춯ȫè۲ݶժŽǬ硣
ժè۲ݣԲδӵʼȻè۲ݣҲݡ
Ƭ֮󣬾Ծµķ֡

廨Ǻ廨
ھԵ֮ڣһûûԼ׶ߣΪɫϰ벿֣һƴɫ䡣
ᣬڿᵽһɵζⲻζζ֣˵ЩǣζǺ廨Ӧζ
һ㵽˺廨Ľǰ
ɣԽһûԼǬ֮ڡ
ڻ棬廨è۲ͬȲεݣ̺ͬ嫵Ԫؾ
Ƿˣ
Լܡ
֮󣬾ֹͣΪǰһƬѪ녲ݡ
һ꣬Ǽ꣬һƬԹƣǧ֮ࡣ
һƬѪ녲ݣҲĿɿڴ
Ѫ녲ݵϡ̶ȣȷʵȲè۲ݺͺ廨ǣֵͬǷǳġڻУһЩʹõ˵ҩʹõҪϾѪ녲ݡ
ԶѪ녲ҲϤǬڣڻѪ녲ݿ档
ǣȻ˵Ѫ녲ݱè۲ݡ廨΢һЩǰһƬѪ녲ݣǽԸסˡ
ôأ
ֶݣǺҵġеطܹҲܶࡣңݵҪͬһطֶܷͬʱġȴǧ꣬ࡣҲɻ
ҵףһĵطѵݵѵ鶼ҪЩݣԸоԼЩ¡
ˣȲժ˵ҲôˣȻˣͲܴ
ԿʼժѪ녲ݡ
һ꣡꣡
ЩݣأժʱҲҪСġһŪãͿѪ녲ֱӱϵԣժٶҲܺܿ졣ǾԣҲҪ


ĵߣôĵӣҽڼҵҩ͵ݣ
ʱӰžڵλóڼٷ֮УӰлŭȡ
˵ĵߣָԡ
طģĳ˽вƲԣΪ͵ߡ
Ӱٳʱ򣬾ԾѾٱƽ顣ֹͣժĿȥ
飬òܽӽҪ˵𣬾ǿǳǿ׳ȫǼ⣬뺷һЩ
ŭȣҲˣҲ΢΢һ𡣿ݲܲժġԣ۲Ŀ˿ǰĴƬѪ녲ݣժѩƲӣŴﵽʮꡣ
÷ˡεҡҡͷ
ȻЩᣬĶ
飬ŶԷ
λǺܱǸҲ֪ЩġǸ˵
ĵ̫ˡڼҵҩҲԼмԴһŭȵ
Ӱɱڵžԡ
ҲģΪЩݶ֮ԲŲժȻҾͲժˡٴεǸ
ҲԽ֮ǰժݹ黹ԷȻЩᣬǱϾġ
ɣʲôȥ˵ɣͲԵĵǸǷŭһžԷ
ǿɱУҪԳû
ţ
ðԵҲЩջ
ԼˣҲǸˡɶԷһͶ֣ҿȫǲ֣һҪԼŪˡ
ԵȻִУӡһϯ
Ե飬ʵǿԼҲ൱ͨε߶ѡֲΣھǰȫֵһᡣӡϯ֮£ֱӾ͵˳ȥھǰǿûŵʸ
˲ʶӲˡļһô׶ԸһԣɵѸٳˡ
Сӣšڼҩɣ鳷֮Увԡ
ߣЦһ
Ŀ⣬ֿǰĴƬѪ녲ݡ
㽫ݻȥȻ뿪ȻôԵǾ͹ֲˡԵ˵һ䣬ժѪ녲ݡ

ʲôûŪ˽ڼҵҩѾڲժݣô£ҩΪûκηӦ
뾰Խֹ飬վһȥλߵǰľ㱨ǵλߵ飬ɻ˵һ䡣
ڼҵҩشػġһ˽룬ô̾ͻֹ߽롣޷ȫסߣڼҵҲһ̵õԤ


1681 
˴룬ҩȴûȷʵЩŹ֡
һ͵ߵӡλϸߵĺӵ
ǣ
͵߿ƺᣬʵǳǿǾãܿһλʦ֣ȫûеֵ뾰Խֹ˵
ʦ
ʦҽϲ͵ԣҲλϸߵҧҧ
ҩӣҳλһ֡
䣡
һȺڵ飬ٳ֡
Щ飬ޱȵǿ׳ȫⶼ߸߹ǴϵķζȽ֣ȥͺƤ򵥵İһ¡
·ߣλϸһ¡
һ̷ڶ
Ƭҩϲ˽˲ҵҩҲרŵĻ鿴أǵλϸߵ飬ҩﻤͷ죬Ƭҩİȫ
ҩﱻ͵ԣΪͷ죬϶Ѵ̵ġԣ뽫ץסŪλͷ죬ֽУǽӽʦ
׽磬ʦ൱Ρ
ĶԱ൱ߡ
ԻȡѪ녲ݡ
ʱľԶԼӿ˺ܶ࣬͵ʱժʧܣѪ녲ݱϣҲ˲ôˡ
飬˵ʲôڼҵҩȻڼң϶ֻм飬ӦһȺ顣뿪ضȥԮò˶ãͻᵽԣԺܸʱ䰡
ӿٶȻпܵȡʧܣҲСĽȿ˲١
дŻӵִʱ򣬾ѾƬѪ녲˽ӽķ֮һӣϵѪ녲ݴʮꡣ
е󣬿ȡѪ녲ݣĿжƺҪ䣬ʮ걨ϵѪ녲ݣǺ޲ó˾ԡ


ϣɱлӶǷ컭
ʮϲҩĻڵõͷеͬʱŭһԳ
ߣҲժݣúúýѵһ١תָһץ
嫵ת
ЩԵϲ令·һײǽϣһٷеӰӲͣΪǿĹԣǶͷǣȫ˿˿ʹ
ɣ΢ЦֱۻӶ
ʮͬʱ׹䣬ͺ½һ㣬ǳÿ
ͳпһĻҲ¶һ˿ңʶһʦԷʦǾͲԼܹԸˡһӻҲѶʦ̫в
һֳžԳɱ
ЦпУӦЩ˵ͷĿг̵һ룬վڵϣָһһХ̵֮к˹ȥ
䣡еԸٶȵ˻ȥ
ʵ̫ǿˣһʦ硣Уҵ߲㡣֪Լ㲻ԣҲɴ࣬ӳˡ
Ϣܿϱϲĸ߲֮С
ҩ
һʦ
ߣʦҽϲҩҲϲڣһòԱȽ飬ݵ˵һ䡣
飬ϲ峤ĶӣֽߣȻȽᣬڲ֮ǰѾʦʵҲ൱ʵ
ûеʱ䣬ߣʹŲмǿ߳
ϲ䣬ҩﲻԶܹ黹ǵһЩʱ䡣ߣżǿ߽ҩʱ򣬾ѾѪ녲ݸڵòˡԭѪ녲ݵƬ򣬴ʱ˹ͺͺһƬϣѪ녲ݱȡһӶ֮⣬Щûʣ¶ټֵѪ녲ˡ
ƬҩУӦûݰɣ
ţңѪ녲ݺû뿪Ѱ
Եжûд
ϲҩڣݵܾˣܿ죬ַʮè۲ݡʮè۲ݣδȫ죬ھȡҩЧֻгè۲ݰ˳ҡˣֵҲǼˡ
ڣֻ΢һ£Ϳʼ֡
ʮδȫè۲ٴȡ󣬼Ѱҡ
з֡ȻǱղݣãõĺܣ
ڣڣԴڡ
ԶˣеҩﻤӳԱڼžԡǿԷھժϲݣһЩᡣǣû취ǵʵ޷ֹһλʦǿߣֻŲ߲㵽ж˿顣
Ԯˣһ飬Ϊ׵ıϲߣ


1682 ͷѪ
ӭǰָλ÷ŭ˵
˵ߣҲ˻ڴڵľԡ
ϲͷˡߣϲҩЩҪ͵治١Ƕûк³ߣȵ
ߣϲû¶̫żı飬ֻ䶢žԡ
Ϊ˻ֻҪ˻ڣһоͺ˵㾰ԵȡٶݣһŪԺݻǻصϲС
ϣˣվڵϣոڳıղĿһת˵
ߣ͵ĸԡ
ߣߵϲǿ߼ߣѾ֣Ҳһʱų̡
飬Զʦ磬սν뺷
ߣʦҲɡߣѾǸˡ
Ƿ꣬һһȡݡ԰ڰ֡
ɣϢһؼ䷨֮ۡ
ԿھԵǰ֮һ㲨ơ΢΢һߣ˹ȥ
Ȼһ֣ߣԳַзһХ
ֻǣХδȫͱƸƷ˳ȥͿƲס嵹ɡ
̵ʦ飬Ҳһ³
סεߣɫˡ
ʶͨʦ
ʵǿܿǽӽ׾ˡһʦߣ˵
ǴӾԲٿصķ֮жϳӦûǴס
ĴףĻ
磬׵ʵҲǺܶࡣ
Ҳ󣿿ǣҲǺܶࡣ˵˰ɣˣҲҲʵǿһЩھԺͰѩ֮ǰ嶼ûлټ
׽磬ͬȽ١
ϲ䣬׽ҲǱȽǿڣҲֻмѡ
ߣɫ˱䡣
󣬾ԲĶˡ
ҩĴ󣬺ܿͱԣȻҲӦ仯
ˣϲܿлڣֻһУӦúܿͻҲûʲô˼֮ǰһһЩݡ
ߣ˶ûٽӽ˼ҲùˣݲҪġ
ϲ߲㣬Ǳˡײε̫ϳϳҩ
һЩݺͻȻ̧ͷĿԶաȻδӰǾѾӦһǿ
ˣ
һģǻ𡣡ĬĬת
λˣлϲݣллԳߣ˹˹֣Ѹٷ
ߣ
ûôסߣЦ
Ȼ֪ʵǿܾܿײζԶǣϲ̫ϳ϶ִҩˡ̫ϳϵ֮ǰʱԲƿҩػ󷨡
ҩϲҲǷǳҪģػ󷨣ܿסǿߵĹڶʱƿǲܵ顣
ԣ߲
һ̣ߣϵЦݾʧˣȡ֮𾪡
ΪԵӰȻ˼Ĵϡ
ôܣ
Ȼ֪ҩ֮󣬾Ծ׼ԵѰҵ󷨵ĺġԾϵټǿʵҪ߳ϣѵ顣ΪˣԲŻȵϲĻ֮ǰŲ뿪
ߣĿ͵ĿžӰԶȥ
ߣô£
һһϵӰ١
̫ϳϴˣ
Ӱ٣ڳϲԱߣȫ
ҩô£̫ϳϣһƬǽҩҲˡ
̫ϳϴˣҩߣæ˵
أ̫ϳϺʡ
ˣոˣߣһ˵̫ϳϴˣʵǿܽӽ׾硣ңȻȻգۼʹϡ
ಡ̫ϳϸû˵΢̽󣬱Ӱһžȥķ׷
ߣˣҲظȥ
ϲ̫ϳϣͷڵѪ鿴һҩ֪ʧжôľ޴ҩϲǷǳҪġ

̫ϳϣ߶׷žԡ
ţ
ٶô죿ԸоԼ󷽣ǿϢڱƽ
һϲҩԵջǳ޴ԷʵȻ¶Էл𾳽ǿߡ


1683 
Ҳӿٶȣʩչռ˲ơ
ǣˣȻ޷ϲĻ׷ԻоϲĻ𣬻жϢ֣ܾܿЩ𾳽顣
ǵķٶôô죿Щơ
ԾãϲĻʵӦòᳬԼٶȣȻǱԼҪϲ١ռ˲ƣԼܶ׷ˡ
ʵҲ
ȻҲǾŴת绹һЩġ磬ٶֻ֮һ飬ȴѾԷ֮ǳϤǾ顣
ȾȫϤ󣬷ٶȿ϶ҲȻ޷ﵽٶȣҲضڿöࡣ
ȫС
ʱӭһӰ
Ҳû⣬׽϶ҲߡԼУǺȻ顣
뾰Էе飬һŮԣᡣ
ڽӽ֮ƺҲ˾Ժ׷ߡԵ³ڱ׷ɱ
㿿ңԾ˵
һ㣬ͻᱻǷˣġ˵
΢΢һ㶣ϸԷһǳƯŮӣһϮ£ļá
ڼ̵ԥ󣬾Էнӽ˹ȥȻҲתֽ䱸
ֻŮֻӶһ£һ㵭ĹĻתڡ󣬹Ļʧ
ɫһ֮𶯣ΪŮ붯֡Ծֹͣ˶ŮӣҪ֡
Է֣ԼͺŮ˵壬һּŹֵı仯˵壬뿪ԭĿռһռ䡣ǣѰλռ䲢һռڻǿĸ֪ԭռһУ׷ɱԼϲԱϢҲǳ
ϢҪתٿط򡣡Ů΢ԵýԾ˵
Զ±
Ůӣֻ𾳽ΪԣȴŵڶӰúŮӹŮҲɱԣˡ
ܿģϲ̫ϳϵ˽
λ̫ϳϣĿɨܣ̿ȻѰҾԵټ
֣
ôͻȻʧˣ
ϲ̫ϳϣһֱ˾ԵϢȷ⸽ͻȻʧġϢҲ˲жϡ
ϲ̫ϳϣ
㡭ôŮӿ׷Եˣɫ΢΢һ䣬һ˫Ŀžԡ
ӣҲ֪Ӻ˵𡣵ӺŮӵĻжϳ׷ԼĻϲ̫ϳϣֽҡƺҲǺܴŮϵöԷ
ϲߣ
кüʦǿߣ
졭㣬㵽׸ʲôϲô׷ɱ㣬̫ϳϴףŮƺЩڶˡ
ҲûˣֻӲͷƤȥ
̫ϳϴˣأߣ˿ܣѯҡ
Ϣʧˡɫ˵
ʧ
ϴˣ᲻Ƕ뵽ռˣߣ²
ֻҡҡͷ
Ѿ̽Ƭռ䣬δκεһ˵һЩռڣҲԻ˿Щƶռ䣬ٶɢ˽к󣬺
ʵҲˡ
磬㾰ԽǬ磬ǰϢҲҵǬ硣
ЩĿ˿Ůӡ
Ůӣ֪ʲôȻز𣬶޷̽鵽֮Զ϶ŮǶⱦҲΪŮֻһ𾳽ߣҲ׽ʦߡ磬ܿҲǴ׵̽飬ʵ϶ܡ

϶⸽ʧġңһҪҳŭһ
ϲҩʧܴ
ңȥǶϲҲͻкܴĴϲҩȻһȡ˴ݣöԷɹ뿪⣬ϲĳ衣
˵͵ϲĶ𣿿϶ǷͬһĶȻǲ׷ɱ㡣Ůӿžԣ˵
Ҵײҵƺǲˣǵ뿪Ƭ򡣲Ȼǻб¶ΣաŮûȾԻشּ˵
ţԾͷ֣صռ侹ʼƶæǴңƺδռƶ


1684 
ԺͺŮӲռڣԶƶҵϲԽԽԶǴףʼû̽鵽ԺͺŮӵټ
Զһ̶Ⱥ󣬺Ůӿʼ𽥼١Ƭ̺󣬾ѾҵˡΪ˱⣬ŮӻǴžԲռֶһʱ䡣ֱȷᱻҷֱֺһӡܹ΢Ť󣬾Ժ»ص˹硣
лԶԺŮӹ˹֡
޷ȷжϳŮӵͣŮӿȻᣬΪ׽ķ⣬ԾϴﵽԲľԣֱӿŮӵľ͡ԣԳƺԷΪѡ
ÿ㵨ϲĶ㶼͵ܻӣһʧܴ󡣡ŮȤĴžԡ
ʵ϶ҲǿɣϲĴ׳֣û׷㡣һΣϲҪˡŮӼ˵û׷ʾ͵ϲʲôȻ·ɻ䡣
ϲ䣬ƺûκκøСϲܸˡ
ϲ䣬ʵǿ𣿡˳ʵ
׽磬˵ȫİġϲȻлεǿߣҲС
㡭Ե仰ŮӶʱһ¡
ϲǿǿѵ֪Ůӷ·һܺЦ⡣
ѲҪᣬ治֪ϲжǿҴӺңԶƫƧ֮صﲢϤϲȫ˽⡣ԿЦ˵
ŮٴӵĿ⿴žԣƬ̣ŵͷ
ѹϲ䣬֪ϲжǿ϶ǡϲ䣬Ů˵
Ĭ
׽ûи
ڣŮּ˵㲻֪ɣѾǿˡȻˣƮ΢ҪһЩ
㲻ƮİɣƮߣǿ϶᲻֪ϲĴڡƮû˲֪ϲ䡣Ůžԡ
ţǲ֮ǰġԵͷ
Կɲ˵ԼǴģͲ֪ʲô̬ȡǷǳӣԼԺʹ粽ˡԼŮ˵ļء
ҽӰ¶أŮ˵Լ֡
ǾԡӰ¶ѣٴθлҲ֣ٴӰ¶ʾл
ԡϲ䣬ϲ˿ܲװݰɡƮǾͺѰϲ䡣ʲô𣿡Ӱ¶ʵ
ʵҲ֪һ㶼ϤֻһһЦЦ
ϲȻǿ󣬵Ҳ̫⡣޷ϲ俹⣬ϲҪɱֻҲϲи߽
ô˵ûд㣿̫ˣһӰϲɣӰϲ䣬һʱ䣬ļǿߡԵѣʵƺҲǿԸӰϲ䣬һкܺõĴӰ¶˵ûмƻ˷ܵĶԾȰ˵
Ӱϲ䣿Ӱ¶ѣ㶼֪Ҹոϲ䣬ͲҼĲϲǲ𣿡ɻ
ԵѣɲҪСӰϲ䡣ӰϲƮҲǺܴϲ䣬ҲӰϲ佻ǽӰϲ䣬Ӱϲ϶ᱣİȫӰ¶¶ŵЦݡ
˵ģȷʵҲʵ
ƮӰϲʵҲǰеġȻϲ䣬Ҳϲܹġ
ңӰϲȽ⡣ĳԱó͵Ϯɱ֮ǰӰ¶ʹñܿҵֶΣͷǳĴף޷̽鵽ԺӰ¶Ĳ֮ء
ûж࿼ǣʹӦ
׽磬ܽһǿԳû˽׽Ϣ
ߣǾͻز䡣Ӱ¶ܸˣΪɹ˾ԡ
ȻȷԵʵΣ֮ǰԱϲ׷ɱҲʦ磬ʦ֮ʵȽǿġ
ƮʦߣҲ׵顣ӰϲĴҲҪѺܶʱ;
֮Ӱ¶žӰϲ䡣
¶С㣡
¶С㣡
ڽӽӰϲ󣬾һЩӰ¶кƺӰϲĳԱ
Ӱ¶ѣӰϲĵλܸߣԵȻҲоһ㡣
Ӱ¶к飬Ȼ󲿷ʵԶȽϵͣҲиﵽʦġ


1685 Ӱϲ
Ӱϲ·ϵ⼸죬Ӱ¶ϢӰ¶δᵽӰϲݣҲûѯʡ
Ӱϲ䣬ҸǲĴ˾Щ˶ҶȽϹӰ¶תĿž˵
˾΢΢ݡ
ͨ⼸Ӱ¶еõϢԶ׽Ҳ˽˲١֪һЩ֮Уд˾һҪְһȨصְһ̶Լ峤Ȩ
Ӱ¶ȻӰϲ˾Ů
Ӱϲ壬˾Կ϶Ŵ׾ʵ
ͨ˽⣬֪׽ǿӦǱΪ档׽棬Ҳĸ߽𡣵Ȼ׽ĸ߽ͬ١ƮѾܾúܾûټ߸ϣѰȷʵǺѵ顣
ϲ֮УӰ¶˵ûڡҪ֪ϲƮһָĴ塣
Ի֪ӰϲϲĹϵһֱȽϽšӰϲϲ䣬ҲͻڼʮǰӰϲ仹ϲһܣʱ嶼˲ٳԱӰϲʵ޷ϲȣӰϲǣóɱĹ󲿷ֶʺ͵ϮɱǵٵЧ
ǰӰ¶Զ׷ɱһһǳ߶˵Ҳܱܿǿҵ̽顣
Ӱ¶žԣ뵽Ӱϲ֮ڡ
һʱ䣬Ӱϲ䣬ȷʵڼļ֡Ϊˣרǲһλĳϸ¡
ֻǣµĽչȴ˺⡣ǿߣȷʵ̫ˡ⼸ʮӰϲļУֻﵽʦľ硣ģʦ֮µߡ
ΪʦΪӰϲЧҲǻ˺ܴĴۡû취㲻ó㹻ĳ⣬ĶЩʦǿ߿תͻˡ
Ӱ¶ѣӰϲӵƺǺܶడһ·ӰϲȷʵǺܶࡣ
Ӱ¶֮ǰ˵ģӰϲƮҲǰéĴ塣ӵܣӦúܶŶԡ
Ĵ壬ڻУӵܾǲ˵཮ЩǺǿļ壬岻ϷչܣֻҪ⣬ӵܾˡ
͵ľңӵ֮ܶˡ
ӰϲӵܣҲˣϲ̫ࡣԵѣǲ仹һЩӵܴʱڲ֮ڡ֪ԱǺܶġӰ¶Ծ˵
Ӱ¶Ļ΢΢һǰӰ¶еõϢһֲ²⡣
£׽飬ܺǱȽѵġ
ڻУвֳʼ鱾ҲܹܺģҪҪȵȺͲܡ׽飬ֻҲǲֳʼ顣
Ӱս壡
УӰ¶ӭһ˺ӭǰ
λֽӰսˣӰϲϯϣʵѾӽףʦ֮жеˡңӰսóɱ͵Ϯ£ƿӰϲһ֧ǳǿİɱ顣ӰϲɵӰսİɱ鹦û
һЩͨĴףȽϼɵӰսİɱ
˵ӰսӰϲĵλǷǳ֮ߵģý峤˾Ҳ˿Ϊ
ڣӰսһǸļΪӰϲЧȻ»ϲҪΪǳֺǿߣŻԳ潻̸
Ӱ¶ǲ͵͵ܳȥˣӰս΢ЦӰ¶
ȻӰ¶һȥҲһˡӰ¶ϲĵ̣˾ԲҽԴ˻
ûУҾڲ丽ߵġӰս岻Ҳ˵ӵҪȥ·ߵøԶӰ¶˵
ѾͷӰսεҡҡͷ
λǣӰսԣĿ¶һ˿
ǸӰ¶һģ֮ǰδԡͶԾе⣬ֻǵӰ¶ʶʲô߰ˡ
Ӱս壬λǾԵѡԲƮ򲻾ãǡԸӰϲ䡣Ӱ¶˵
ŶӰսӾԣƺжϾǲǹӽӰ¶
̹ȻӰսӡ
ӰսϣһơңܴϣܵɱȻɱԾԡ
𶼸ɵȻһλӽǰн
ԣӰս壬ӰϲϯϡӰ¶ֽӰսܸԡ
Ӱսϣ΢ЦӰս˹֡
ţΪߣΪӰϲЧǷǳӭġӰս˵ͷԾ˵


1686 Ӧ
ӰսⷬҲǿһ°ˡ
ӰսûþԻһʵǿߣֻӰ¶γȥԵɺϽʶߣһʦεǿߣӰϲҲͲҪΪļ߶ͷˡ
Ҫ֪㼸ʮʱӰϲһļʦÿһǸ˼Ĵۡ
ң⾰ʵǿߣ׸Ӱ¶Ӱϲ䣿
ˣӰսǱʶֻ֮ǽԵѰߣòȽϺÿһЩԲӰ¶Դ˱Ƚкøаˡ
úÿˣͨȡñ˵ĺøСⶨɣκεطá
ӰսϿˡЦЦҲΪ⡣
Ӱ¶λСֵܣȥǼһϢɡҪ̣ҪߵġӰսֶӰ¶˵
ӰϲļߣȻһЩ̵ģݱļߵĸʵӦĳͣʵԽǿҲͻԽ
ӰϲɵĽ֮һˡ
֮ڣռܴ󡣲ʱȴԵÿտյġӰ¶УһȥӰ
£ǲʹõģֻӰϲһЩشʱŻټӵܵһʱ䣬ӰϲżļһЩߣʹӰ¶ԾԽ˵
ԵͷЩûʲôϵ˽ⲻ˽ҲûӰ¶Ȼ˵žǡ
սһȣһСһЩķ䡣
˵СһЩͬǺܴġңڷ룬һ̨ƽ̨
㣬żӰ
⼸˿Ӱ¶վ
Ӱ¶ǲ˾ŮҲʦǿߣǵȻ
һɨȥжϳ⼸ӰϲԱʵǿһҲʦ磬Ķûﵽʦ磬൱ߡ
¶СôΪ׵ʦǿ߶Ӱ¶ʩ֮Цʵ
ѾԣӰϲ䣬ԹǼһ¡Ӱ¶ָһ¾ԶǼ˵
⼸ĿⶼӾӹδʲô֮
¶СѣǾͲҪˡϵǼһ£ȻƷλѼɡΪЦ˵
ⷬҲӰ¶ƨ˼
ǰӦеߣɶҪʵԺͱŲġ˵˼ԿֱӼ뵽Ӱϲ䣬ԺŲĹ̾ͿʡˣϾӰ¶Сˡ
鷳ˡӰ¶˵ͷ
ԣʦʼǼǾԵ֡
ֵܣľǣʦ̧ͷʾԵľ硣
ʦ磡ֱ˵
ķоΣҲʦΡȻˣսܳܶףԿɱˡ
˵ʦѾǺǫˡ
˵Լʦ֮󣬶ļˣһʶ۾Ϊ׵Ǹʦɿһ
סʦΪ׵ʦƺǲ̫ȷԼǲˡ
ЩǰӦе߲٣ʦȴëǡ
ҲܹԾ
ӰϲƮȻǺǿҪļʦȻǱȽѵġЩˣȻ벻Ӱ¶˻ʦεǿߣҿᣬƺͶûӰ¶Сӡ
ûȷʵʦ硣Եͷ
ʦ߲ġӰ¶һҲ˵
Ӱ¶ۿԱϲǿ׷ɱġʵǿܴӴǿѳԣȻûԳɱӰ¶Ҳžʦʵ
⡭
Ǽ˻һۣЩ顣
Ϊ׵ʦɫҲЩŹ֡Ÿո˵ԲҪԣڡʦǿߵĻǾͲһˡԴһʦǿߣӰϲ佫֧߰ĳͣԣȻǲеġ
˿Ӱ¶ֿ˿ԡ
¶С㣬λѣʦǿߡļʦǿߣͲˣҪȥӰսϡʦ˵
ʦ֮µ߼룬ȫ𡣵ǶʦǿߵļʸЩˡ
С飬ҪӰս壿Ӱ¶üЩ
Ӱ¶ѣûµģҲż˵Ҳ鲻˶ʱ䡣ԵǲЦЦӰ¶˵
ʦԾǸЦЦȡһִѶĹߣӰսѶ
ӰսڵõѶϢҲԾСŻԣû뵽ʦǿߣ֪ĻͬԺӰ¶һ
ӰսܿһΣ̬ղţһЩ仯ʦǿߣǾԲܵ
ӰսӾԡ
⾰ԣĻʦ磿ٴδԺӰսǸоЩ˼顣


1687 Խ
ǲʦһ¾֪ˡ
ˣΪʦǿߣҪֲԡʦӰս˵
šӰս˵ͷ
Ӱս壬ʦߣò𣿡Ӱ¶˵
ʦǿӦУ϶ҪҪԵġʦʦʵҲܴʵԽǿʦĳȻԽߵġӰս˵
ֵܣ㲻ܲ԰ɣӰսʵ
ģʱԡԵ˵ͷ
ã鷳뾰ֵ̨Ӱսֿ˵
̨ǷǸƽ̨
ҲûгɣֱӾȥ
Ӱ٣ȥ뾰дһ¡㵽ΪֹӰսֶʦ˵
ʦֽӰ٣ǱȽͨʦս൱ε
ǣӰӦ̨
̨ܣܿһ󷨹ĻĻУԿһ֡
ֻ֮Ǽ򵥵д裬㵽ְֹɡӰٿĶԾ˵
ȳ𣿡ָָԼ΢Ц˵
ԣ뾰ֹҡӰٵͷ
ӰٵѣСˣ΢Уٱڶ
һھǰۡ
̧֣ŶӰһġ
ھԳ֮Ӱ̾͸о˿µܲӾԵͷųɫһҲȫ߶׼ֵԽĹ
һ̣֪Լĵֵͽ͵ġھԵĹǰĵֱֵͺֽҲûʲô壬ͲܿƵĿʼˣǿʢȫܿġ
˵̨ıԵȻûס壬ѾԸо̨ϡӰţҺ̨ϣȻԼܱһоʹ̨ˡ
ǣûüɿ͸оȥܵ΢΢һӰٷ֣ԼȻ̨ˤ
⡭ӰٳԾĿ̨ϵľԡ
̨󷨣Ȼûסˡ
ӰսУҲ¶֮ɫվ̨棬ų́ϣӰٵ󣬾ȻѿһӣӰٵ©˳ȥ
ӰսȻ̨֪󷨲Ե޹ʳֹϡ֮ʱѿӣ϶뾰йءҲ˵ԵѾǿ˺̨󷨵ĵز
ңӰȻʵһ㣬ϾʦΡǾǰȻȫûеֵ֮úҪɱӰ٣Ҳ̧֮顣
Ӱ¶һ˫ĿУȡ֪Եʵ϶ͬһ㣬ڼҵ̫ϳԳ֣û¾ԡԣ϶ǼǿʦͺӰսǿʦǿߡ
ڻмĿӰٱܵḶ́ȫĿɿڴ
Ӱսһ̨֣󷨳ȥϻָЦݡ
һʵǿʦߡ
Ӱϲ䣬һλĿ䡣
ֵܣˡĲԣˡӰս΢ЦԾ˵
Դ̨
ֵܣ˵һ˵ĳ⡣ӰսҲĨǣֱӾͿʼ˵Ҫ辰Եĳ͡
ԱֳʵӰսĿˡȷԵʵ㲻ԼҲܴһʦߣԲǾԵĶ֡
һǿߣӰϲ˵Ҳһ¡
˵Ե
ԳͣԲǺ⡣Ӱ¶Ӱϲ䣬ҪͨӰϲ䣬˽׽磬̽͡ӰϲṩĳֻͣǸջ
գԻΪ⡣ΪӰϲṩĳͣȷʵջңʱ򣬻жĳṩԳͣΪ⡣
ǰžԵסˡ
ԵݣӰϲĿ䡣
ֻʦǿ߼Ӱϲ䣬ܳΪݡʦ֮µߣֻܵλȽǿĵλͷ졣
ԱŵסӰϲλһλ䣬ʦεߣһŮ
һλ㶼ԡ
ᰡ
ôᣬǿݣһ㶼
ٺ٣λѣγƺ
⼸ԣǺ飬ҲֱӾʾԵ֡
ҽоԣλѺãԹ˹Ц˵
ĸ䣬ҲһһԼ֡ڷڣҲ̸Ƭ̡ʾԴӺζ˵ǴӺһģҲû˻ɡ
ͨ⼸ģԵõ˸׽ϢңԵõ˹ڼصϢأڽĴ½׽ʵǿһ򡣶Ʈ򣬴ǵ׵λáƮϲǿ֮һ

Ӱսϣ˵ǾԵʵ㶼ࣿӰϲ峤ס峤˫ĿоһӰս
Ӱսոչ˹ڿ侰Ե¡


1688 
һսӽ׵ʦӰϲ䣬ԲǺҪ顣
ţԵʵǿ֮УʵӦǿһӰսͷ˵
̫ˣļһʦѾѣļһʦǾֻܿû뵽Ӱ¶ѾͷǸӰϲһʦ峤ЦЩϲ
Ǽ£ʱ׼жˡ峤𣬵˵
ھ׼жǲǣٵһʱ䣬ļգӰսɫһҲѹ˵
ļʦ̫ˡܼˣӰս׼һڣͻж峤ҡͷ
Ӱϲ䣬һżҴյ鱨żܿһλǿʼġˣôżͷǳҪ
ãˡӰսͷ
뿪˲峤ס
żĿǰֻӰϲ֪Ӱϲ֮ļߣΪ̽żӰϲڲӵʦǰżͿܱע⡣żϢ©Ǿ͸ˡ
ʱһȥ
ԣÿʱ䶼ϲҩõݣþƲٶ񵤡Ͼʱ򣬾λģ׽ĸϢ
׽磬ǿǾͷ١ӰϲҲֻѣֱ峤ʹ˾ϲ䣬׿ܻһЩҲᳬ
Ʈʵϲ൱һӰϲ䣬΢һЩûдﵽĲΡӰϲҲǺǿģҲԻʸ
⼸УԻ֪һ¡ϲ֮ԱȽϼɵӰϲ䣬ΪӰϲ򣬻ΪӰϲ伫óɱӰϲ䣬һ䣬߾ɱ
һֺܿµط
ӰϲĴطǷǳֲġһЩʵһЩĴ߾ɱطĴףܻܿں޲֮оͱɵ
Ӱϲ䣬һֶΣŸϲа塣
Զ߾ɱҲǶ˼Լ߾ɱôԼֶΣܿٴһءռޣ߾ɱطټĪ籩һȭһĴ׿»ûܳԵ
ƽ޹ҪӰϲ佫߾ɱó϶ǲܵ顣
룬ǲһЩ񵤣ȡ߾ɱĻᡣ
Եѣ
һգӰٵӰϲʦԵס
Ӱٵѣ߳䣬Ӱٹ˹֡
Եѣ峤ȥһҪ顣Ӱ΢Щ١
Ŷһ
λ䣬Ҳ˳Ժλϡ
峤ͻȻټǣ֪ʲô顣һɻ
Ӱϲ⼸ʮͻȻߵļ䣬Ѿ޴󣬿϶ĿġһЦЦ
Ǽ峤Ȼ֪ˡЦЦ˵
䣬ܿӰϲһ֮ڡ
Ӱϲ峤˾ϯӰսҲڡ
λ䣡峤վӭӾԵȿ䡣
峤Ӱ΢Цλ¡
½
Ӱ˾ӰХһۡ
˾ӰХӰ¶ĸףһλײεǿߣҲĻ
λ䣬Ӱϲ伴һҪЭɡ˾ӰХڻ˵
ӰХ˵ʱĿҲ࿴˾һ֪ۡˣŮӰ¶ʶߡӰ¶ǰԣҸԼʶԵĹ̡ӰХ֪ϲҴ׷ɱ
ܴӴѣɲ򵥡Ȼ˵Ӱ¶ЭҲС
˾ʲô񣿡һʵ
ڻܸλϣλҪ⡣Ƚ⣬Ϊ˷ֹϢ©ӰϲڲҲֻм֪ϣλҪ֡ĳͣҲǱȽϲģӦλ⡣˾˵
һ֣ƿǰڿռ֮С
漴ƿɵԵǰ
ˣӹƿ
¶һͳ
ƿڣʢŵһֽ¶ĵҩ˵Ƕ񵤣ʦżĹЧ׶ʹã԰
׽磬ʦձ鶼Ƚϵ͡׽ԴܷḻɵʦȴܲҲǾԣȽɻһ㡣ϲҩڲժ˴ĶݣΪ׽ϵǿ󣬿ͨµ˽֪׽ĵʦܿ


1689 ̽ż
˵⛳¶磬⛳¶ȻҲ󣬵ֻҪвϣ൤ʦ²ʥʦƳ׽磬ȴеʦܹƛ¶ƣҪĲҲԶԶ硣
֮䣬¶̲ס¶˷֮ɫԶֵҩνˡ¶ֵܸߣɾҲòˣԲˡ
л峤л˾䶼ϲл
ΪӰϲě¶ͣ⼸Ҳ׷ʴ˴ϸˡ
ԣҲûȥ׷ʡ
λ䣬ǽ֮жϣǰ׼峤Ӱ˵
䶼ͷ뿪ҡ
֮󣬾Եȿܼϡ
ϵĲʦߣһЩļĻԼӰϲڲһЩӵܡ
ͷˣӰϲϯӰս
ӰսȡһＤʱγһλ档вߣȫλ֮ڡλУм棬ҪλߺѶȡ
γɵλ棬ԶԶﲻӰ¶Ǽ
ӰսóֻҪ߾ȽϽҴﵽʦ磬ôһ̽飬ܹ֡Ӱ¶λȴҶ̽鷢֡
λǾҪˡ·ϣλ뿪λռ䣬뵣Ӱս˵
Ե˿óӰϲжȷʵСġ񣬶ӰϲֻǷǳҪ
Ӱϲ峤˾һжλǿߣҲһҲܿӰϲжӡ
ҲҪȥ
ʱһӰ¶Ӱ֡
Ӱս壬ȵҡӰ¶
֣˾ЦһͺȣۿŮӰ¶
ףҪȥҲʦߣȥҲܰæӰ¶Ǻܾ¸ס
㲻ȥһЩΣգ㾭鲻㣬ȥ˿ܻﵹæ˾ӰХı˵
ףĥ£ҵʵôܹøǿһֱ֮£ܳΪ𣿡Ӱ¶Ҫȥ
ҪǲͬҸӰս壬ҾԼȥҲ֪ǸطλáӰ¶˵
ӰХɫʼڣ̫簮Ůˡ
˾ҿӰ¶ѾͷȥɡӰ¶Ѿʦ磬˵Ӱ֣СһЩӦûʲô⡣峤Ӱ΢Ц˵
˵Ӱ֣֮ǰӰ¶ﾰ׷ɱʱʹõλһܸ߶˵
˾ӰХһ£ջǵͷͬˡ
˾ģһȫչ˺Ӱ¶ġӰսӰ¶϶ҪԼһͬǰǸżˣ˵
ԼСġӰХӰս˵ͷתĿŮӰ¶
Ӱ¶ϲĽλߡ˵
Ӱսٿλϰߣ뿪Ӱϲ䡣άļ״̬ҪĲԴģΪһ˵мһ·ϣӰսû
һµʱ䣬˲Ŀĵء
Īһżһʲô
ȷʵżؾ֮Ķε񣬾̽˵ذɣ
żؾһ㶼һΣմڡ˱꣬͵ΪӰϲ£
䶼
Ӱսλ
λǽҪطһӰϲ䷢ֵż棬һЩΣգΣղǺܴǵʵӦÿԱȽ̽żӰս˵ѾĿĵأҲͲҪˣ˵Ҳס
²˳٣жӰսһ֡
żص󷨱򿪣һĹĻ֣½Ļ֮ڡԣҲ˽ż
ż̽ǱȽ˳ȻһЩΣգżʵȽǿʦεǿ߾нӽʮԣЩΣҲܿͱƳֱ̽Ҳֻмʵϵ͵ѡ
ʦεǿߣһû˵ĶûС
ż̽飬Լûô֡Ӱ¶ȽϻԾһ˾ʹݻʦսĿܡ
ͨ̽飬ΪһʦµżӦĵʦӰϲ䣬żڵõһ䡣Ӱսı鿴ż̽ջӦǺġҲǿ꿴һǵ䣬ЩΪȻǬȣⱦʵǲ̫ࡣⱾھУûʲôֵĶ
żڳ˵֮⣬ĵҩˡ֮⣬Ҳûʲôֵ̫Ķ
λż̽ȻȥӰϲ仹з񱨳ϡӰս΢Ц˵ڣǱ㷵Ӱϲ䡣


1690 ȫҪ
Ҷܸˡ
Ӱϲ񲢲Σգɴҵõıܷ񡣵ȻصӰϲ䣬һԵõһαꡣ
ÿζôı겢ôɵǿζЦѡ
ͨżĳڣ½뿪ż
ż֮ӰսȡѶϢصӰϲ䡣
ӰӰХ˵֪̽żҲЦһΣӰϲܵõһܸߵĵ䣬Ǿ޴ջǣҲӰսز䡣


ʱһƬɫĹĻȴǺȻĳܡĻ֮Уſֲɱ֮ϯ
ã

壡
ոմżˣû뵽ͻȻ˷ӦʱɫĻѾϮɱ˽ǰ
ۣ
գʱڣһƬ߱ɫĻɱ
ҲɫͷųһֵɫĻʴĿ⿴ԶˡߵӰٽӽÿһϢǿ

ӰϲСëǵڵˡһſЦ
ףԸӦЦߵϢǴ׵Ϣǻ𾳽ǿߡ
ϲ䣡ǡʲôӰսŭȳ
̽żʱǶûʲôǷǶ̶̵ʱ֮һֱ߱ӽɱбļߣҲӰϲӵܡ
Ӱս˫Ŀ֮УܻȼգŭŶ߸ӰӰսȻʶߣϲ䡣
ʲô
ǿЦʲôӰս㻹֪Ǻǣ̽ż̺ôΪҲ̫СϲˡϲһʦǿЦ˵
һӰϲ̽żȻжأϢúܺáǣϲ仹ǵõϢεõģӰս˾ⲻ֪ˡĿܣӰϲ߲ͽ
ϲ䣬ѵҪӰϲ俪սӰս˼ת
˿ߵˡ
ԼߵȻ࣬ʵϣͲ̫ˡϲˣо׾̫ϳϡԼһһ׶ûСҲԼǾԣ΢ֵһϲĴס
ϲ䣬׺ʦսѹӰϲĶ顣
֮ʦ䣬ɫҲޱȵءȻҲʶϲס
ô죿ŵĵ
ԷǿߣʦʦʵǿʦɱǺʤ㣬ܶ
ѵҪܣӰϲĳͣӰϲĿݣʱߣǺܡ
ǾߣҲѡ䣬ûѡսӡ
ӰսƾӰϲ䣬ûʸϲ俪սӰϲ䣬Ҳͻ͵Ϯˣϲ̨һȺǺǣ濪սϲȫɽǲɱɾһϲʦǿ˵
ߣӰϲǹעһϲҲù󣬱ضԪˡȴǵĽ֣ҲضƮ򣬿ɲֻһ²̲ǵĻɣӰս˵
ϲ߸ˣɫ΢΢һ䡣Ӱս˵ģȷʵҲʵӰϲ䣬ϲҲɵ顣Ӱϲ䣬Ҳ״ڣҶ߾ɱó͵Ϯɱ˷ʤ
һΣ̽żõһ䡣ϲԷ뿪ôⱾ䣬Ҳϲ乲Ӱս˵
Ӱս֪ɱԼûʤ㡣ԣֻ˶ΣⳡɱȻŻصӰϲ˵
Σ
ȫˣɱǣӰϼһ֪ҲҿսһЦ˵
ţӰХŮӰ¶ȻҲ̫ˣ׽Ӱ¶СǣȫɱǴ׷Ӱ¶
Ӱ¶Ӱϲ˾Ůϲ߲ȻʶӰ¶ڿӰ¶֮Ǳ֪Լõһܺõĳ롣
Ӱսһ
ţӰѸʧڿռ֮ڡ
Сĵ㣬Ӱսе͵ġϲһСĵĲ̽ܿռ䡣
ͻȻ岻Զռ΢ŤһЩ̧֣ȻһĻȥŤռ丽ӰսӰֳ֮ɳȥͬʱӰսѪҺ
߾ɱطԶӰӰХ϶֣һɵһЩǶӰս̧־ɱ㡣ǴЦűķɳȥӰս
Ӱսʵȷʵ׼Ĵףܵ֡Դײвͱڴ׺׼¡


1691 
ʦ׵Ĳ࣬Ƿǳġ֮䣬һԽĺ蹵ģϾʵϣܹ֮ǿᣬҪƾĻӰǼڵľԣҲ޷ȫͨĻӲ
Ӱս߾ɱطԴǿ߲ЩвѾǺǿˡ
ϲףȻȫע䱸͵Ϯһ˿ĻᶼûСϲ䶥ʦӰսҲ͵Ϯ֡
ķɳȥӰսĿ˸ҧȫޡȻ֪ԼûлᣬûзҲվ־ܡ
ɱϲ̫ϳڤ壬
ڤ壬ϲһλ̫ϳϣݵλ֮ǰ׷ɱԵһġɱӰϲߵϲУҲСڣǿ϶ϳӰϲеľˡ
ڤһ£ϲʦͬʱ֡ʦ൱һʵǵսͨʦǿöࡣ
ӰϲߣȻʦӽʮɴʵҪһЩֻеڶΡսһʱ䣬ӰϲԱϲʦĹˡ
ǲʱֵɫĻγɹĻȻһǿǿʱļһΣӰϲһЩʦ֮µ⵽شֱ
ƴˣҲϲ˺ùһȵ͵ĳ˳ȥֳһһϲʦɱ˹ȥ
ЩļߣǺְҵ

ʲô
ϲ䣡
Ӱϲ峤Ӱͳŭڷǻ
еӰսһյӰϲ̽ż鱻ϲɱϢӰϲ䡣
峤ӰõϢȻŭ̴Ѷ˾ӰХ
ӰХɫҲѿ
ϲ䣬ô֪µģżֻ֣ǲĲָ߲Ա֪Щʦ䣬ǰ֪ϲ䣬ͻȻõϢ˾ӰХͳ˵
ϢܿǲڲȥģˡҶҪͽʬΡӰŶҪѿ
һΣȥ̽żģ˴ļߣӰϲڲҲɳ˶ʦεǿߣټʮʦ֮µĺ֣ȫӰϲʧ̫ˡ
˾ӰХӰΪΪŮӰ¶ڶ֮СڽûãǸԮ
˾Ӱ¶ѾͷӰҲʦΪѵĿܻͦġңԿӰ¶ϵʵĽӽӰսϣӦҲܰﵽӰ¶ӰοӰХ˵
ϣ˰ɣӰХ̾һ
͸ϲ峤ھųдѶӰҧ˵
ϲӰϲ䣬ǺңԶġ䶼д͵ĴѶߡѶߣĸ߲ǿֱӽжԻġȻʹô͵ĴѶߣͬҪĺܶޱҪңԶ֮ǺʹôʹѶ߽жԻġ
ʲôӰ峤˵£ģ
Ӱϲ峤ھųеĶԻͨ󣬶Էȴһ仰
ϲ̫ϳϣʦѵ峤Դ˲֪飿Ӱɫࡣ
Ȼţϲ峤᲻֪¡
Ӱ峤ǧҪżУ϶ġϲ䣬˽ɱӰϲأģѯˣô¡һŪ֪࣬ͨӰ峤㡣ϲ峤ھų˵
峤ϣ̸ڤ峤ϵ˴ѶֹͣӰϲԱӰŭ˼㣬Ȼѹŭ⡣
ڵǣӰϲĶΣڵϦΨһϣϲ峤ھųֹڤ˹ԣӰȻŭɻҪֵĵζھųٻϲǿߡ
ǺǡھųеЦ
Ӱ峤ͰĵҵϢɡȷϲĳԱڹӰϲĶ顣ôҿ϶ֹͣġھų˵仰ֹͣ˶Ի
ɶ񣡡
Ļ쵰Ӱȫ
ھų˵ȵ£ԾڷܡӰȷھųбض֪¡ңܾܿھųֱ¡Ȼϲڻ˭ܵ׺ʦ
ӰϲĶ飬ʱֻܸҪ΢һʱ䣬ӰϲԱͿ⡣ʱھųٴѶ£ӰϲƺҲֻܸɵۡ


1692 һ겻
ϲ䡣
峤ӰǸϹ𣿡ϲ̫ϳϴǿ۾˷һ˫ۡ
˭ϹΣ鵽һٻڤ峤ǣǿЦھųЦ
ҲǼͶҽˣ֪ǲֹͣɱ֧飬ǡҲЦһ
һΣϲΪ̽ǸżɳĶ鿰ƾһ֧飬ӰϲҲһ޴ĴӰսӰϲϯϣʵӽˡ۾΢У˵
ҲҪ׼ȻӰϲսļʲ󣬵ǲûκηҪСơھų˵
峤ģѾǰϸļƻӰϲսǾȡǲκλᡣҵϣһȾȫ濪սýǳ׸𡣡
ھųкҶһۣ˶ЦЦ͵ڤ峤Ǳ߽Ӱϲ侫ɱ󣬽Ϣˡ
ھų˹ƣӦò˶ʱ䡣һΣϲ׺ʦĿľΪȫԷܷһ
Ӱϲߣ峤Ӱʹ˾ӰХʵûбİ취ԮԶˮȲ˽
żɱڼ֮С
ֵܣӰ¶ͰˣشӰ¶ȫصӰϲ䡣ӰսԴ
Ӱ¶ϣһӰ֡γɵλ漫ΣǴҲѶʱҵۼֵܣ̴Ӱ¶뿪Ӱս֪Լֲסˣһ̣Լͻ
Ŀ̫ԸûӰ¶뿪ԣֻǿݣܳ䲻Ӱ¶ĿǰΪֹϲδעԡ
ԣҲ˼⡣
ЩȷǲҪȫֲɱ׽磬ĿΪ˽뼫أ֦̫Ĺעڸ׽ʱ򣬾Ū˲ϲĶݣֻ⡣
ڣɱϲǿߣ͵Ҳˡʱ򣬺ܻܿһЩµ鷳
һ֮ԾԼ޷İġΪӰϲʱȻӰϲӡǺܺõģӰϲĳ͡ǶӰ¶ҪԿӰ¶ϲ׽ϲУԿ϶
ˣó־͵ó֡飬һһɣ˾
ļߣܷսƴɱ֮ĸ䣬ʱ϶ҲˣΨһŮԿشȻڽ߾ȫ֡
е⣬˲Ϣɢ
ɱɣ
ϼС
Ӱ¶󡣡ԶϲʦɱӰ¶˵
Ӱ¶ӰһԶһЩתĿžԡӰ¶һ˫ĿУ͸һɱ̶̵ʱڣܱߣҪɱЩϲˡǣΪԷʵʦɱӰս壬Ҳʱ
ԣҲߣҲߣӰ¶ΪҪ뿪ƴɱˡ
ߣֻҪվҾͲ÷ˡҡҡͷ˵
˵䣬һӰ¶ǰ
ϲˣΪӰ¶ݣҪץӰ¶кüʦͼӽӰ¶ǣӰϲĳԱҲƴıӰ¶Ǻη
һϲʦ忪ӰϲԱķȦ

Ӱ¶С㣬ԹͶɣƯСǣҶһ겻塣ʦƷȦ󣬼Ӱ¶̹Ի
վӰ¶ǰľԣҲ㿴һۣûзϡһ˲赲סԼץסӰ¶
ҺƴˣӰ¶һͷŭСϻ
ֱһӣеĲϼͷųһ⡣
˺ѿռ䣬̼㵽ϲʦĽǰʦϢһɫʱ䡣ӽʶһֲ̺ܼæ߾ȫʩչԼĸֶҪֵ
ǣķֵûʲôЧ⣬˺һؿǿϣ͸ϲڽʦ
ڽϲҲȽϿǰĳϡ˵ƮУбȽϴ
ϼĽ⣬ڴ͸ڽͬʱâ˲Ϯڽȫڽǿ׳壬â˺Ƭ
һ
ֻһǿʦڽ㱻նɱھԳ֮ǰӰϲѾ˲ˣϲ߸ˣһûֻһһЩˡ
ڣһϲǿʦ


1693 
ڽúͻȻûԤϵϲǿߣʼϲڽ˺Ѻǲע⵽һ
ڽ֮ǲһ¡
һϲǰɱӰϲ̽żĶ飬Ҳ˳׼ġӰϲ̽żĶʵǶбȽϳֵ˽⡣
ιǲδûκϲ߻
ʵϣǾ⣬ϲ߸ߣȷʵҲ䡣⼸׺ʦϲһ˹ǲͷųɫĻģϲǿǴĹʦ֮µߵֵܳ
ڣϲʦڽϣˣ
ϲԱ
ӰϲߵĳԱһҲһ¡ǱļߣӰϲڲӵܣȫžԿ
ڳˣûڽôġǶڷɱڽƺգۼûڽ˺ѵĳ档
Ҫ˵ˣܾӰ¶ˡӰ¶ھλãﾰڽɱɸûȵ֣ڽͱһɵˡ
Ӱ¶һ˫ŵĿ⿴žԡ
֪ʵǿԶϲ̫ϳ׷ɱʱжϳԵʵһʦܱȡӰϲļУҲչֳǿʵ֤ʵһ㡣
ΣӰ¶û뵽Եʵǿ̶ֳȡ
һնɱڽɲͨʦǶʦӰϲڣҲֻмӰսʦȷڽҲ˵ܱ֤ɱڽ
Ǿֻһͽڽɱ
һĻӰ¶𺳣֪
ʲôˣϲĴڤ壬עе˾Եϡ
֮ǰδ⾰ԣֻΪӰϲļͨߡ
Ӱϲ䣬ԣԻӦ˵
µʵ˳Ծڤͳ쳹һء
ƮиʵߣƮǿߣҼûҲʶ˵Ըµ֣һǵһ˵ڤžԡ
ϹˣҴӺ⵺㲻֪Ҳ԰ڰ֡
ǺǡڤЦһ
Եʵȷʵڤ岻òӡӾԿУ׳һЩϢȷԵݣҲҪŪԱûʲôǿ
ǣȻԸ˵ֻ˵ǴӺ⵺Ʈ
Ը£
ɱϲڽϣ֪ΪжôƮϲΪеˣͨûк³ڤ˵
ڣҴϲ䣬һᡣԼϲ䣬ӴԺΪϲЧĻҿԱ֤ϲ䲻׷ɱڽϵΡȻϲԸԴԻӰϲöࡣڤⷬˡ
ԵʵֵϲӡǿߣԸϲ䣬ϲ䲻׷ڽ֮ҲȫԽܡ
Цһ
Ҳһᣬ̹ҿԱ֤ǣұ֤ǿ԰Ȼ뿪ԵȻȥϲ䡣
Ӹո׽磬ԶϲӡͺܲáڣѾӰϲĿ䡣ԣɲǽͷݡ
˶ǲʶôϲԸһᣬȻ֪ϧһϲĴǿߣȵ
ԸһҪЩӰϲˣڤԵĻɫٶӾԵ̬Ӧǲ̫ܸıˡ
ҲˣǲÿôɱɣвϼӶһ¡
ӰսҲһ
׾ˣӰ¶ܲӳȥûᡣû뵽ȻתԵʵĻҪǿöࡣĻԴӰ¶ɹӳȥİվ͸ˡ
ҪӰ¶뿪Ӱ¶иʧҲ޷˾ӰսٴζԾԴ
ӰսʱȻûоþŤתǬ
Ҳǣ㾰ʵǿܹףҲŤתơϾϲĴϲʦһʣĸ
ӰսЦЦ
ɱԿзһХ
⣬ž˵ܣһϲʦ̶ȥ
ڤ壬Ӱһзһȣͼסһ⡣
ɹˡ
Ե⣬˳ͬʱҲȷֻʦ磬Ǵס
ߣʵҲˡҸ߹㡣ڤоסԵĽ⻹Ƚɣ


1694 Ťתս
סԵĽ⣬ڤ岢γ
Եʵȷʵǿǲȫ濹⡣׽Ҳܼһʱ䣬Ⲣ̫⡣
ڤ֪ȻǴġһֻͨĻ֮ѡ
ԽҴٽɱ⣡ڤȵ
ಣ
䣡һλϲ֮£ϲĶʦٶȳӰϲ̽顣
Ŀһ
ռʩչӰһ˸һϲʦƽ
ֶεǲ٣Ƥӵ´ȥÿ𣿡ԵӰʧڤ̿Լ꣬ܿͲһСƬռ쳣
ֱ̧쳣Ƭռݺݵ˹ȥһɺ嫵ܲϯȥ
ԵӰֳ
ռ޵ЧڴײǿǰЩǿˡ
ԵӰ΢΢һӰʱע֮ڡ
ֻϼǰһɱ
ڤĻӡǱԴмƿԣм˹ȥһ̣ǳɹĽӽϲʦǿߡ
ûκγɣϼǰٵһͣնʦԴ
ڶϲʦ
ɶ񣡡
ڤ۾ҪɳΪԲƿԼķɽԤϡ
ӡ֪·Ѿġ׷Ѿɵϲʦ
ĪݣסϼһǬ磬Īݷ˳Ī˵
ǣˣĪݺԥӭ˷̵ڤ壬˲Ϣǵʮ׸߶ȣӶоݺڤ˹ȥ
ڤһûϵԾȻһ֡ңоĪݵϢǳǿӦǴﵽ˴׵ľ硣ĪݵĹȻҴ⣬ֻʱ׷ԣӦĪݵĹ
̫ϳϣңʦŴС
ֲ̫ˡ
ϲĶʦѾԸɵˡʦھǰסһڣˣȻŵúܣɲ
ڤ屻Īݲסһλϲ̫ϳĬò׷ɱӰϲˣͼӽϲʦ
ϲףڶѾڲֶԸӰϲˡӰϲߣѹ
ӰϲߣʦҲв١ûôѹǿϣȥ⡣ʱҲûʱȥ˼ĪôֵġĪݾȻܵסڤ壬ֻĵϲá
ҿʼȸɵ⼸ϲʦϡӰս˷ܵ˵
Ӱ𽥵ʧֵʱѾһϲʦʦڵֵӰϲʦĹоӰսͻȻϮɱæܡ
ǣʧˣûܱܿӰսһ͵Ϯûֱɱʦǽŵڶεʩչ߾ɱϲĶʦˡ
ϲʦʣԸʦӰս˾͸ˡ
ʵϣʱϲҴʦѾʧˣսʼѰ˼ǲǳˡ
Ӱϲߵʦܿ콫ʣµϲʦΧסӰս⵶ڣϲʦ˵ƺֻʱ⡣
ڤĬףҲЦˡ
ΪνɱӰϲż̽飬Լ߲ǣĿǰΪֹѾʧʦʧϲҲѳܰ
ˣڤһҧ˳˵
ߣҲ׵顣ʦӰϲʦסΧɱİɱǴʱƺת
ĬԻ˾ԣҵյֽҴϲʦȳܿͷ֣Լ뷨ʵ֡
Ŀ׼뿪ս˵
ߣûôףЦһ
򣡡
ռޣ
籩
֮
ɣһХ쳹ս
һ̣ȻܲŰҪ˵ĴĬһʱƺûܷӦ籩Ȼˡ
ѹʱ̺ڶӰܵĻ֮ѾĽǰ

Ĭ˻𣬷Ĵ߶ȫԵֵסµһ
ǣֵסĬֻһͨĴףδԼĵһɨȥǽشѪ
ĬļҪ롣˵ĬѾûͷˣΨһ뷨ߡԣֲ̫ˣܶԸġҪҪ


1695 նɱ
ĬͷɢѾоϢڱƽ

ϲ̫ϳϣλ硣Ǵײεǿߡ
Ҫ
ĬӰΪһ⣬Զݡ
ٶ죡ĿԶݵĬ
ڻУôԾԵٶռҪ׷ĬǺѡ׽磬Եٶܵѹƺء
籩ٴСʩչ籩
籩Ĭ壬ռ޳ɹĽӽĬ
ȫ߶Ӱ֮ſֲƿռݣĬѹȥ
Ĭֻһ൱һ׻ĴסԣǿնɱǿˡȻڹĬʱ򣬾ûʹúɵƣҲĬԳܵġ
ò˵׵ĺʢھԵڶĬȻûѾغأûȫϱѣѪˮӿǶЩѣš
ĬѾӲˣ̫ء
ûܵסԵĵ
֮ĬϢȫɢһף˾ԵĲϼ֮¡
Ĭʬ壬Ҳ΢΢̾Ϣһ
ĬҪߵ״̬þҲЩꡣǣûзŹĬΪ˫ѾǵˣǲݵĵˡԶĬˣǾǶԼĲ̡ԿȷĬԲжлᣬĬضὫʬΡ
ߵ磬ˡ֮ʣֻԼ·ݡ
Ļȱǿʳ棡
ھԻɱĬ֮ҴϲʦҲȺӰϲС
ΨһŵģǴڤ塣ڤ壬һ׻εĴףѾԼĵڷ񹥻ĪݵͬʱҲĬ̡
۾һƬ졣
ʱڤ壬޲ýϵһڿ˺ҧ
νɱжϲʧءʦ䣬һ̫ϳϴ׶նɱʧϲ䶼˽ǡһУΪǸľԡ
ԻɱĬ󣬺ܿ췵ء
ʱĪϵѾᡣĪݴڤ彻ֿʼڱʵڤ̫ࡣΪǿһƣĪݿѾڤɱˡ
ħȷʵֲȻѾأĪ˿ûõ˼Ĳڤ壬һ˿ɾԸ
ԼܼһЩʱ䡣
Īݣڤ壬
ŷڤӶ
ԵĪݲźˡ
СҪڤĿתƣԡ
ڤյĵӦˮ֮ĹУ̺˵ˮܡɫɫ֯Զ˿и
սڤ廹ǱȲϵԸɵĽ־־ڶǺǿģڤǱȽĶ
ڤˮ֮ʱܻˮ֮ƿػкܴ⡣

ɫɫ֯Ĺ⻪˻֮Ľ⡣
֮ڷ֮Уʩչڶ
ɵƣԸڤ壬ʹúɵƾͲˡ
ɵƣڽֳ֮һĽɫƣû֮ܣֲֿı
䣡
ڤˮ֮ûܻԵĵڶںɵϮ֮£ڤӰڿռڼٵˡ
һҲڤ侲ޱ𾪵ģžԡ֪ԵʵΪôǿ˵Ϊͨ׶ǡʵȴǿס
ڤоȫѪ
һ⣬̫ǿˡֵĳ
ڤЩģٴδ߶ʩչˮ֮
籩
֮ɵƣҲûͣԭأͬڤȥ
¡
ײɫ䡣ϣһ޴Ѻۣڳһľս
һΣڤԸٶȵ˶ȥԣҲ޴һξ롣
ۣڤ³һѪɫЩס
Сϲ䣬㲻ݣڤһٷжȥ
ڤȥûȥ׷Ϊ׷ϡʩչռޣʼڤľ룬֪Ҫɱڤ岻һġڤһߣסԷļʺС
ڤ֮ӰϲˣԼļĸȵԱϢžԡ
һᣬûܹ˵
ÿһ˵У״𾪡
̫ǿˣֲ̫ˣ̫˼ˡ
ֱʱ˶һУƺЩôʵӰսӽײεǿߣһþĴ


1696 ǲ˵
ϲԱǰɱӰϲ̽飬ֻдڤһѡ
սˣʬеĳױ촷ۣеĻһЩƶռ䣬ɢڿռڡһ֣㽫Щƶռ
ڵľԣǺҪԴġЩϲĴ׺ʦϵԴ϶١
ӰսڴӾлָǰԾԼ
һΣҿоڣ֧ܿȫûӰϲضӰսھǰ̬ȷǳ֮УҲ˸м
ȷʵˡ
ǾԷЩˣûߵġӰֵӰ¶ߵĻᶼӰȻǿӰ¶ݴӿʼͱϲעˡϲˣضصעӰ¶Ӱ¶ߵѶȴ
ӰϲĿ䣬˳͵ģȻóˡЦЦ˵
Ӱ¶䣬ҲйԵĽǰԶ
ǰĺܸл㡣Ӱ¶СıЩŹ֡
һֱþͲ󣬿ܱͶС֮ǰƺԵֺ֣ϵ֡ھԱֳʵԼжϴˡ
ǽְɡԶӰ¶Ц˵
ԡӰ¶΢΢һ죺Ը硣
Ӱ¶ĵףҲƾΪǰԾ֣Ҳ˳ƸĿˡ
Ը磬֮ǰϲʱϲĴ׷ɱҵʵӦҲڤࡣڤ嶼֣ôأӰ¶뵽Լ뾰ԽʶĹ̡
ʱ׷ɱԵϲԱ٣ҲһǴ׾磬߶ԾӦûʲôвŶԡԣʱɻΪʲôҡ
Ǻǡ
ʱƮʱ䲻Ҳ֪ôʹϲҩǺܶݣЩԾѡˡԽһ¡
ԵĻڳ˶һ
λԴˣȻϲҩȡȻһˡ
ĸ䣬жһ֮ۡǰӰϲʱǺ;Կɶĵġʱǿɲ֪ǿߣֻΪǺһʦѡ
ĪݣƲᣬǬ˰ɡЩҩʹáԶĪ˵
õģˣĪݽӹҩǬ硣
һսĪݵȷʵΪأ綼дѺۡоԸĶ񵤣ò˶ȫָ
Ը磬λĪǰǴ׾ǿ߰ɣôΪأĪݽǬӰ¶һѯʾԡ
ĪݣȷʵǴ׵ľ硣ݣҵʹӡȻҲҵѣҵֵܡԼ˵
ܵٴݡ
һλײεǿߣȻԸΪߵʹӡ

Ӱϲ䡣
峤Ӱ˾ӰХвһЩ߲ԱۼһеˣɫأĿдŽ겻
ڵգԵúѹ֣Ѿв̵ʱ䣬û˿˵ˡڳӰϲ䳤ǣ֪Ӱս˵ȻŭҲûа취
ͻȻӰɫһ£óһѶ
ţ
ӰսӰսѶˣӰֱӴλվ
ӰӰսѾˣӰսĶȫûˡû뵽ӰսȻѶˡ
ڵˣǵ˼ӰʵҲࡣӰսĶ飬Եϲ׺ʦǿ߽ɱ˫ʵ̫࣬ǺӰսĶʲô˿Ի
ڣӰսȴѶˡȻѶ˵Ӱսš
һʱ䣬˶һ
峤ӰսƣŴ䣬ÿһ˶
ӰսϣڵΣӰ¶أһ𣿡Ӱʳһ⣬ɼĽ
ΣѾˡӰ¶ҲȫӰս
仰Ӱɳһ˾ӰХҲ˼Ѫɫ
ѾͺãѾͺã
ʧΣӰʵ
ʧСǲӵܺļĻһжʮһսӰսΪء
ʮˣнӽһӰϲڲӵܣ֮Уһʦ硣
ʲô
ʮˣ
ôᡭӰ֣ϵıǲš
˵̫󣬶̫СˡһΣ̽żĶ飬ԼһɵġӰܽѣͲˡӰսȴ˵ֻжʮ
Ӱģȫһ
Ӱɴ۾˾ˣҲ۾ӡǻɣǲӰս˵ˡ


1697 
Ӱ˿ӰսĶҴ˾Ѿˡ
ţӰս˵ȴǶУֻ˶ʮˡȷʵ⡣
ϲӰսĶһǣϲ׺ʦѾ˵һУȻһʼϲûзŹӰս˵ͷ
峤һʧܴ󡣲ҪлǾڣ֧飬ܾܿȫûĽӰս뵽Ӱ˵ĶС
ǲǰǵľԿ䣿Ӱһ
ڵģӰϲĸ߲ûһ˵⡣Ӱս仰оͿжϣӰսܹҴλԿйء
ڳˣԾҲİϾһλʦĿ䣬Ӱϲ˵ҲΪҪս
ԣǾԿ䡣ǾԿ䣬ǡӰսУ˷ܡ
峤ˣһӰϲʧȻСϲʧǵʦȫ̫ϳĬնɱΨһߵģǵ̫ϳڤ塣Ӱս˵ʱò
ʦһס
ʧ¶ϲԣԳܵġ
ʱӰˣȫʯˡ
һʯͷ˼ά񱻶סˡ
ίʵǣӰսصһѶϢ̫ʯ쾪ˡ
峤Ӱд˾ӰХҲǼԱ˵ġǴûԻһײεǿߡӰսҲ˵ˣڤߵģҲ˵ԵʵӦûڤ֮ϡڤ壬ǿĴףһܱȡ
һжģôλԿ䣬ʲôͷΪλᵽӰϲ䣬ԸΪһ䣬˵Լʦ磿
Ҫ˵ԶӰϲʲôͼƺҲԡΪӰս˵ˣϲĶʦʹĬնɱˡ
˲̽죬һҪϲǱߵӰع֮̾ͶһϷԸ˵
ǣһ鱨ĳϣ̾ת˳ȥ

ʱϲ䡣
峤ھųУյĺơ̫ϳڤ塢ĬѶ
ʱ䣬ڤ峤ϣӦʹѶŶ԰ھųƺЩԹ
Ҳֻ΢ıԹһѡһ㡢һ㣬Ҳ޹ؽҪ
ҪǵģӦӰϲܷıӰϲ䷢裬ϲҲòӡȣӰϲ峤ʹ˾ײεǿߣͲôöԸġ
ھųƵʱ
ڤ̫ϳϣǾʹͷ󣬷ĸϻصϲ䡣
ڤɫ˵ģֱӾͳ˲䡣
˳һ£Ϊʲôôϲ䡣ǺܿͿڤ峤ϵòһԭصĻֶ˻ȥ
ô£
ڤ̫ϳϵɫôôѿ
԰ƽʱڤ̫ϳ鶼ǲġһû̫ϳϴ˻𼱻ǵġ
ѵǳʲôˣ
ûз֣ڤ峤ϵƺЩ𻵡һۼĻע⵽һ㡣
ܰɣҡҡͷ
ಣ
ڤ壬λϲ̫ϳϣײεǿߣֱӾͳ嵽ھųеıԺ֮ڲֹͣϸûԣڵھųҲ̾͸Ӧһ쳣̾ʹӷ߳
ڤھųɫ΢΢һ¡ϹӣȻóڤɫЩԾ
ڤ̫ϳϣĬ̫ϳϻأھųʶʵ
ˣڤɫˡ
ˡֻһšڤѹ֡
ѹֵݺݵĺھųеϣƺҪѪЩ̫ڤ˼
ʧˣ
֧Уһǿߣʵ֮ϡߣһĴǿߡ峤һϵˣܿӰϲı塣ڤȻ״̬ˣã˼·
ãһϲܿϵˡ
ھųкðζû˵һƬͨ졣
ǿһףʦ
һھųвűŭһ
ϲ䡣ϲӵܣһŭһģʶתĿ峤Ժλáϲ峤ھųеǲ֪Ƿʲô飬峤˴ŭ
ϲĸ߲Աܿͱټһڤ֪һϲ侪˵ʧ


1698 ߾ɱ
Ӱϲż̽飬ܿͻصӰϲ䡣
ǰżʱΪضмԲʹλռСڣǲҪмֱʹøʹͷ󷵻Ӱϲ丽
ż֮̽ǰӰϲһɸ߲㶼Գ˲䣬Ⱥǣӭż̽
ȻҪӭӵˣǿ侰ԡ
ŶӰϲڶ߲һɫԵЩ
峤Ӱʹ˾ӰХվǰ棬϶Цݡ
峤˾
ӰսŶִǰ
Ӱսϣˡ峤ӰӰսصĵ˵ͷ
ӰӰХͬʱžԵλ˹ȥ
̽ΣգǶ֪ˡǣǲ֪θлźáӰ˵
ڸղţϢѾȷˡ
ʵϣ֮ҪȷϢӰ˲ӰսĳϡǣһϢʵ̫ˣĺšڣϢѾȷϲǱѾԵЩˣ䶼ٵת
Ӱ峤ˡЦЦ˵ӰϲĿݣҶӦΪӰϲ²Ŷԡ
Կ䣬룡
λ䣬룡
˾ӰХ뾰Ե˽Ӱϲ䡣

Ӱϲ䣬һΪĽ֮ڡ
峤˾ͲһȺϣžԡ
֮⣬ʦ䣬
ЩļĻӰϲ䶼ıꡣȻЩ޷ǾһЩҩԴˡ
ԾܹڤǿڣӰϲҲЩᣬǣ֪ø辰ʲôıꡣ˵һǾԣǲ̽עȫûżóĵ䣬Ҳضᱻϲߡ
Ȿ䣬ӰϲҲǷǳǳҪġⱾ䣬ӰϲܾͻһЩ߳ĵʦ
׽磬ݲϲϡӰϲԼҩܶັѵõݲϣ׽ܶҩڶвٵҲΪʲôϲҩܲժݡ
׽磬ݲϲȱȱڵĵʦ伮ļֵԶԶ硣ھ˵Ͳʲôĵ伮ɶӰϲ˵ȴǲϧ۶Ҫõġ
Կ䣬ʵǴԼҲһЩ˽⡣ԣЩΪѡǲ֪ӦøԿʲôı꣬ȽϺʡ峤ӰЩε˵
Ӱϲ䵱ȻǱȽϸеģҲóܶĵҩԴΪЩҩԴھεǿ˵ô󡣾㾰Բںôı꣬ӰϲҲó㹻Ķ
˵ˣӰϲҪþԡһǿˣӰϲ֪û£Ǿɵˡ
ӰĻЩ
˵ʵӰϲЩҩԻ治ںӰϲеĵҩԼơӰϲûеĵҩҲɵơԣҩԾ˵ûʲô
ЩԴǲ̫٣Ҳû̫˼
ʵϣ֮ǰһЩ뷨ӰϲһԺȤһЩʱ򣬾ԾͿβŪֻ֡ʱʱ죬Բûпڡ
΢΢۾תĿӰ˵˵Ӱϲһط䣬߾ɱ
һƫڰɱ͵Ϯʵط
仰Ӱ֪̾˾Ե˼
ӰӰХһۡ
߾ɱһطӰϲѰ£Ӱϲڲӵܣûлû⼸Ӵġܹ߾ɱطĳԱضĸ߲Ա츳ڵӵܡһӵܣֻһЩ߾ɱѧ
Կ䣬Ҫ߾ɱӰʵ
ȷʵ뷨ֻǲ֪㲻㡣֪߾ɱӰϲ϶ҪԣҲǿѡǲ㣬Ҳǿ󡣡Ŀ˵Ϊ
ӰӰХٴζһۡܣҲһĴ
Կ䣬߾ɱطӰϲó㲻ܽصӰϲ䣬ҪӰϲ߾ɱ峤Ӱ֣ص˵
Ե񣬶ʱ
ûڽ뿪Ӱϲ䣬ûҪص䡣Ҫģһ߾ɱĻᡣ
Ȼȫû⡣ǣ̫лˣվӰ˹˹֡
Կ䲻ؿ֪ʲôʱʼӰЦʵ
ԽԽáĿо΢΢һ


1699 ѹ
峤Ӱʹ˾ӰХԴžԽ벿һ䱻رҡ
ڣԼ߾ɱ䡣
һɫ⻪˸ĵ伮ǿ˵ط伮ѧʯҲ֮ͬǣǿߵ֮ԿġҪƣǷǳѵ顣߽طȻԼȥԿ̡
ط伮ÿһļ١ֱգʧʧȥеļֵ
Ӱϲ䣬ҲвٸƷǣӰΪھǰ㹻ĳ⣬ǽԴԭص֮ǰ
Կ䣬߾ɱصˡֻҪԼ깵ͨܵõ߾ɱϢһβܽȫϢҲԶּΡӰԾ˵
ãԿҲɡ
̿߾ɱصӴǵõ߾ɱһطϢҲ֪һط
ܿģԾջꡣ
峤˾ˣת˵
˶΢΢һ㶡
ǸӦõԵѾ߾ɱصӴˣӴʱȴ̡ܶô̵ʱڣܽնϢ
ûϵֻҪԿӰϲ䣬ʱԹ˾ӰХ·Ǻܿ췴ӦЦ˵
ԶԶԣӰҲ̵ͷ
ˣ߾ɱطϢҶȻˡ԰ڰ˵
ٴסˣŵĿžԡ⣬Ҳ̫һɣλԿ壬жǿ
Խǿ󣬽صϢٶȵȻԽ졣

ӣԵĴ󲿷־㶼߾ɱطϡ
УҲǸϲá߾ɱص䣬Դ˺ܴľϲһطܹԵսܴɱ󣬿͵Ϯɱ棬о˵ߡ
һָоԼ߾ɱ͸ȫôһЩ׻ֻҪ䲻⣬ԼشԷ
ռ޽ӽȻѹͬʱ籩Է壬ʹ߾ɱطϻֶ֮ΡһȷʵһЩ˵ġ
ȴһڷ𶼲ǵߡ
߾ɱǱȽ˳ģֻ߾ɱطĵԴҲǳˡھնɱĬ˺õ˴ԴҲ㹻߾ɱġ
ʱȻš
һգӰϲټ߲Ա¡ԣҲμӡԲӰϲڲԱ£ӰϲӦòҪԲμӡһΣЩͬһ㡣
ϲ䣬дˡ
ţյ鱨ϲƺҪӰϲ֡
Ӱϲ߲㣬Ѿõǵ鱨Ϣ
λ峤Ӱͳ
ڳˣ̰Ŀ⿴峤Ӱ
ȷе鱨ϲҪӰϲ䶯ˡλ֪ǰϲҪɱӰϲż̽飬ɽȴʧءǵ̫ϳĬʧϲӰϲķŭﵽǰδеĳ̶ȡӰȫ˵
ϲ治ҪҪɱǵż̽顣
ǣһȺ޳ܵĶֲǽɱϲˡ
ɱɷɱǻ𣡡
˶ӹ
λ˵ЩѾûˡϲ䣬Ѿ˾飬ҪǽиǵĴ㣬ܿȫ濪սҪ׸Ӱϲ䡣ӰĿ
Ҷ֪ϲǿǣȻʧһ׺ʦǣȻĸ״ڡʦӵܣҲӰϲһЩӰУ͸ųصѹѹڳ˷·޷
ϲǣҲôסȫ濪սǱȻҲкܴʧʱƮɲϲ֡ϲ䣬ͲԹϷϲ䲻ûȤɣϲѵ㣿һ˵
˵󣬲˶ͷ
ȷʵˣӰϲȻϲǿ󣬿ӰϲҲӡҪӰϲ䣬ƮκһҪиش۵ľ

ֻϲĻٷŭҲɵȫ濪չѾõһЩϢǺܿܣϲ䣡Ӱ˿
Ӱ仰£ڳ˱ȫɫһ䡣
ԣһϲ䣬Ҳ֪һЩƮ֮һϲϲֶԸӰϲĻôӰϲĽ־ͲԶˡܳӽʮײǿߣʦҲѹӰϲ䡣


1700 ûл
ڳӰϲڸ߲Աͷ·һơ
ֻһϲ䣬Ӱϲ뻹һ¡ϲϲ֣Ӱϲûκηء
峤һϢɿ𣿡һʵ
ȻܰٷְȷֿԺܴ󡣶һȷϲĸ߲ϲĸ߲Ѿڽжн̸Ӱͳ˵
ϲ䣬ΪҪϲ䣿ƺǴԹ˵һ䡣
ʵҶ֪档
û㹻棬ϲΪƮ֮һ϶ϲʹڵϲ䣬Ӱϲ˵Ǻ֮ˡһЩ棬ֻҪӰϲ䣬ϲ϶κεԥ
ӰϲĲҵǺġϲֻҪϲЭ飬Ӱϲ串ϲԽմ󲿷ӰϲԴϲͱضῼǡϲ䣬ϱʾԸսдͷϲʲôɲͬأ
ΨһҪǵģܾϲ̬ȡ
ϲ䣬ϲ䡢ϲһƮ£ϲӦǲӰϲ䱻ϲ䡢ϲ̲ǣҪ˵ϲǿΪӰϲͷ˰Ӱϲϲ俪սƺҲ̫ܡ
οϲҲпܻϲӴֻҪϲһĺôϲԹۣҲǺܿܵ顣
峤˾ˣӰϲӦԣ
ǰӰϲ䣬ܵס֡
ϲϲĴѹӰϲӵܣųɾŶ֮ء
ʸȽϵӰϲ䳤ϣص˵
Ⱥ֮Уһֱû˵ݣϾֻǿ䣬ӰϲֹغϣҲðȻ˵ʲô
˵Ȼûϲ򽻵ϲҲνӴϲϲ൱ĴǾԣҲúܼ֡

ʱ򣬴˾ӰХĿ⿴ԣ˵
˾Ե֣ӰϲˣҲ߿ԡ
Ҷ֪μ¡Ҳ֪Կʵǿ󡣿ɾ㾰ԿԸΪӰϲԿһˣҲ޼¡ڴ˾֮ǰûԡ
˾ԶӰХͷ
Կ䣬ʵ죬յϲһѶϢ˾ӰХ˵
Ŷ΢΢һһѶϢĪйأ
ȷʵ뾰Կйء˾ͷ˵ϲ˼ǣǽԿ佻ȥԸһλᡣ̸ͨУֻҪǸ㹻Դ⳥ϲδһҪӰϲ䡣
ЦЦĿŴ˾ӰХ
Կ䣬֮Զ˵£ûб˼ҪǽԿ䣬ǲܵģҺ峤ûжҡ룬ڳӰϲĳǣҲҪԿ佻ȥ˾˵ţĿɨȫ
ڳĳϣеĵͷеĬȻ
˵ʵҪ˵еĳ϶ϲû뷨Ҳǲܵġ˾峤̬ȣȷʵܻύԿΪϲ̸еĳ롣
ҽȥܻӰϲĺƽҵǿԽܵġϲ䣬ҲһԱлѡ˵
˵ô˵Ӱϲ䣬㽫Լȥϲ䣬ԼӰϲԵ֣Ҳ͵Ϊֹˡ
ԣܻ뿪Ӱϲ䡣ûסһ뿪ľԡ
Ӱϲ䣬ǺкøеġԼõ߾ɱطȻҲΪ֮ǰĹͣô˵ﾰԵõ˺ܴĺô߾ɱƾ޴

ǲܽԿ䣬Բκεĸı䡣֮£ֻ˵ս޷⣬ϣԿܾɱϲˡ֪оԿİҲʤ㣬ҲҪƴϲһס˾ӰХն
Կ䣬ǵȻҪӰϲᡣһ˴սʱ̣Կ뿪峤ӰʱҲ˵
ԿӰХӰҲת
Ƭ̣ԵĿУȻһƾ⡣
óӰӰХѾƴ׼ƴӰϲ䣬Ҳϲʤ̫ɡ
峤˾վ˹˹֡
ʵҲȫûлᡣܰӰϲ䣬սʤϲ䡣ǸһĨЦ⡣


1701 
ԵĻӰХӰһ
Կ˵ʲô԰Ӱϲսʤϲ䣿
ôܣ
ȫ濪սһϲ䣬ӰϲյĽҲضǰоԿ¡Ӱϲϲʵ໹һЩġϲΪӰϲΪβ
οϲ仹ϲս£Ӱϲôܻʤ
λҿɲ˵˵ġԿһŴ㵵ףЦһ¼˵
Կ䣬ʲô취ܻ֪ϲ״׵ġ£Ҳ״ףȻ޷ıӰſڶԾԵ

ҵսҲܰӰϲϲ䡣ҵ뷨ǣȻϲϲ䣬Ϊβϲأ΢Ц˵
ϲ䣬ǾͲûһսĿܡ
仰һ㶣гϷεЦ
Կ䣬̫뵱Ȼˡ
Ȼ˵ǿϲ䣬ֻϵĿԶѡ
ǰʵҺʹ˾ҲҲȥԣҺʹ˾ûбϣ峤Ӱҡҡͷ˵
ӰϲҪϲ䣬ȷʵ̫ܡ
ϲϲ䣬Ϊϲ䱾Ӱϲ俪սϲƱͺܴ󡣿˵ǰٷְٻʤսϲŻͬϲսǽ飬ͬʱܻþ޴ô
Ӱϲ䣬ƾʲôҪ˼ϲսϲֲɵǾӰϲսʤϣҲȽСպ棬ȫȰ
ϲ߲ȫԲˣӦӰϲӰϲԸΪϲĸϲҲ״Ӧ
˵ӰϲҲԸΪһĸ̫ˡ
峤˾λϡ
룬ֻҪܹó㹻ĳ⣬ϲδز֡΢Ц˵
Կ䣬ǸòܹϲĳⰡϲθڣġ峤Ӱ˵
Ǻǣɲһ΢С
óĶһԣԼ˵
׽磬ȱʲô
ͨԵĹ۲죬׽ĸԴ϶١ںܶԴϣҪḻöࡣ˵Դ׽ԴֱĻĿɿڴ
ǣ׽ȴȱٵҩǶĸ񵽣൱ϡٰ粢ǷǳһŶ񵤣ʦεǿĶ׽ʦǿ൱𰡡Ҫ磬ǲܵ顣
ϲ䣬ȻҲȱٵҩ
׽磬ݺܶ࣬ƶ񵤵ĵʦȴǺҵ絤ʦƵĵҩɾơ絤ʦƵĵҩҲơ
Կ䣬˼ǣóϲ䲻ϧðյĶӰһ
ˣҲһȻĿžԡ
Щְ
ԿȻͬѰҪ˵óϲ䲻ϧðյĶɾЩ޷ˡ
Ҳұ֤һԡղҲ˵ˣпܣǰٷְٵı֤Ե
ҲλҪóĶһЩԴ׵о޴ôĶ񵤡Լ˵
񵤣
⡭
Կ䣬кܶඥ𣿿ǣóܶඥ񵤣Ӱϲ䣬ֲʧأ˾ӰХɴ۾žԡ
׽磬ҩϡеԴ׽ߣԵҩ̶ȣҪ绹Ҫߵöࡣ
⣬ֻҪӰϲҩṩݾͿԡһᣬƵҩ¶һĪЦݡ

ϲ䣡
ΪƮ֮һϲĴǿߣʦǿߣ͸ˡ
ƮǵλȺ
ϲ峤ʱһڣԱߵģϲĲָ߲Ա
峤ǸӰϲˣ˵һЩʲôһϲ̫ʵ
˵ʲô룬Ҳ֪ҪȡյϢϲϲѾж²ܼ֮ϣӰϲѹˡһһһеı顣
ţ˵ûӰϲ˹ȷʵҪϲսϲ峤˵ͷ
ǲܵģȻҲϣӰϲ䱻Ҫðղս϶Сһϵҡͷ
ҲôġֻǰӰϲ˵䳡滰ϲһЩѹæǿ԰ҪֱӲսһûκεĿܡǣλӰϲĳϣǿһ°ɡϲ˵ţСĵĶһƿ


1702 涯
ϲ峤Ƽֻóһƿ⼸ϲ̫ϳϣֻվ峤Ƽλõ̫ϳϽӹƿһɻ齫ƿ򿪡
ƿһ򿪣һŨҩζʱУصҩζ
λ̫ϳһƿڣʱһŷɫҩ㵹
ҩһУһۺɫ⡣ڵҩı棬临ӵķ·˸ԡ
ǡ
ϲ̫ϳϣĿȫɫҩ촽
峤涹׵ɣŵҩ̫ϳϣ𾪵Ŀ峤Ƽᡣ
ûŵҩ涹׵Ƽͷ
峤Ǵʲôطõ涹׵ģϲ涹׵ں֮ǰѾû𣿡һ̫ϳдżʵ
涹׵һֻʱʹõĵҩҪԣܹңǿһڣĳһֻĳֵҲ˵һֵĻ𣬶ʹ涹׵
ϲڲں֮ǰûֵҩˡ˵Ʈ򣬶Ҳ涹׵ټˡҪֵҩҲֻȥǿȻǿõ˵Ҳֻ
ŵҩӰϲ䳤ӰսġƼĿ˼λ̫ϳһ˵
ʲô
ôܣ
ϲ䶼ûеĵҩӰϲôУ
ƼỰ£̫ϳϽ³
ǣȻһŵ飬ʵȴɲǲšǵ峤ѵ˵ٻңŵҩȷʵ涹׵
峤Ӱϲ䳤ϴŵҩĪǴԴ˵ΪҪ˲սӰϲ䡣
ƽ޹ʵĻӰϲӽˮ˲Ż͵ҩϲ䡣Ӱϲ⣬ȻѲ³
Ǻǣ涹׵Ȼãһ涹׵Ҫϲսǵ뷨Щ氡ǺǣЩ쿪ϲûôۡ
òϣ涹׵ȷʵ˺Ķǣ⻹ϲս
λϲ̫ϳϣǲ˼
ֻ˵һ룡
Ӱսϵ˼ǣǿṩ涹׵
ֻһ涹׵ҲͲҪλϹˡƼ΢˵
Ӱϲ䣬и涹׵
ǵεõЩҩģѵʲôǲ֪·ӣ֪Ʈû涹׵ĵʦҪõ˵ֻȥӰϲˣѵǿʦʲôϵɣ
Ӱϲкܶ涹׵ǿɾ͵úúһˡӰϲ䱻Щҩ¾ͻ䵽ϲϲС˵ԲǺϢ
˷׷׿ڡ
Ӱսԣ涹׵ӰϲСǣһλоԵĵʦڵǣԴʱӰϲ֮ڡӰսֻһŵˡǾԵʦ˼ǣϲ涹׵ȤǰӰϲ顣Ƽҡҡͷ˵
Եʦ
˶һۣӶԷĿпԿǶû˵֡
峤˼ǣ̫ϳ̧üʵ
ҵ뷨ǣ˹ȥǸԵʦи涹׵ǵ̸һ̸ֻҪṩĵҩϲҲǲܲսƼ˵
ǲսǽΣաϲϲ֣ɲô׶Ըġ̫ϳЩԥ
Ȼҷջܴ󡣵ǣ㹻棬ðҲǲԡϲݺƮҲһ˳ġƼ˵
ͬ峤
ţҲͬ⡣ܵõ涹׵ȷʵֵðաͿλԵʦǲи涹׵ˡ
λ̫ϳ΢˼󣬱㶼ʾͬ⡣
սδʼǿһ˹ȥӰϲ;Եʦ˵ģǲġӰϲڲƭϲ䣬Ǿ͵ϲŭٰɡ

Ӱϲ֮ڡ
Ƴϣþò
ӰŸոմϲִӰϲĳƳ˵
Ӱ峤ˣƳֻ
˵ʱĿ⿴ܣƺѰʲôˡʵϣȷʵҲʶҪѰҾԵʦ
Ƴϣ롣ӰһĶ
Ӱ峤룬ӰХ룡ƳֱӰӰХ˵
ҡ
Ӱ峤ĿģӰ峤ʹ˾ҲͲĨˡ֪λԵʦںδƳոֱӿʵ


1703 ̶
ƳżѾˣȥ뾰ԵʦֻǣԵʦԵʦ̹Ӱ˵
УҾ͵һȡƳ˵ͷ
Ӱ峤ܷ֪λԵʦڴ֮ǰһδ˵Ʈһλǿĵʦо֡Ƴתʵ
Ƴ֮ǰû˵ҲʵԵʦǲ֮ǰŴӺƮġڣԵʦӰϲĿݡӰ˵
ӰϲȻǿĵʦƳ˵
ʱƳлǴźܴǵġ
һĶⵤʦƮ򣬾ôΪӰϲĿ䣿˵ȥȷʵ˺š
һƳ涹׵ĵʦǼϲ䣬ҲԸ⵹ӭ
ӰӰХȻܿƳĿеĻɡҲûйĽ͡
ڵȴʱӰӰХҲƳϲս顣
ӰӰХܷ˵ϲսֻܿԡӰϲ䣬ûġڣӰʵҲȷڵϵжǿȻʶ涹׵ǲϲ˽Ķ١
һУֻܵȾԿԼ˵
ǲδ̫ãԾ͹ˡ
ԽӰӰХվ
ƳȻҲ˾ԣûվûʶոսˣڵȵľԡǱʶ֮УΪӦһͺܴߡƮԽϸߵĵʦһͶܴЩĵʦͲԶˡ
սˣȻⲻǱϵ֣ƳܸоԵϢ
ӰԾԹ˹֡
λϲƳϣǿߡӰ˵
ӰĻƳʶԼжϴˡǰߣȻλԵʦ
ʶ̾վûдȻкܻɣȷƭ֮ǰֵÿһЩֳ㹻أԲǻ¡ҪҲõȷƭ֮
ƳϣЦŶƳк
ԵʦƳЦ˵
ƳӰһ˵
ˣ¡
Ƴϣ˴ǰӰϲ֮ǰѾ涹׵Կżɽ˵
ϲľʱܴʱҲʺϹĿ˷ʱ䡣
ûϲ䣬ǼӰϲӰսó涹׵Ӱս˵˵ǾԵʦṩġƳͷ
ԣ
Ҿֱ˵ˣڣϲ׼Ӱϲ俪սϲ䱾Ʈ֮һϵʵӰϲܶࡣӰϲյϢϲ˴λϲ󡣵Ӱϲ䣬ѵֵԷĹ
ҺӰϲ䣬ϣܵõϲİȻǿΪϲ䣬ṩһЩ涹׵Ϊϲǵĳ͡ԿƳ˵
Ժֱӡ
涹׵ϲæֵϲĹ
ԵʦֱˬҺϲҴϲ֪Եʦܹó涹׵ƳҲֱӡ
ţһֻ֡
ţ
Եʦ涹׵Ƴֺͫ΢΢һ
֣ƳȻҪƽ
ǺǣƳ鿴ֻҪϲӦôھͿԴЩ涹׵һ֣ĸƿ֣ɵƳǰ
ƳѹĸƿӵУٵĲ鿴
ûȷʵ涹׵
Ƴϣ΢΢һδϲҲûԭģڵϾһоԶ涹׵԰ٷְٵȷġ
ĸ涹׵֮ǰӰս͵ϲǿţþš
Եʦʵʵ˵ŵҩҺĶϲսȷʵðպܴһսϲӵֺܻܴܿײǿ߶п䡣涹׵һ㡣ƳƽԾ˵
ƳϲҪż
ŵҩֻǲ֡ս涹׵ϡҲ˵һṩʮ涹׵ϲΪսıꡣ
⣬ǲҪϲ赲ϲϲ䡣ֻҪϲסϲ伴ɡ룬ϲҲƴΪϲɱϲѹ̫󡣡Ŀ˵
Եⷬе˼Ƴ̾ˡֻãֱˣϲķȷʵ̫


1704 ߾ɱ
羰˵˹ǰӰϲҲûʲô̫ĳԹϲ֮ԲսΪ档ң⻹ϲΪĻϣϲֻЭϲ䡣һϲսϲ为סϲǿߣϲǿҲϲġ
ֻҪϲͬ⣬ôܵõʮ涹׵
ʮ涹׵
ǰƳ볤Хһ涹׵ѵõĶ񵤡ϲ䱦֮ڣ֮ǰѾû涹׵档
Եʦ㲻⣬ϲ峤ϵһ¡ƳԾ˵
Ƴ㡣һĶ
ƳϵϣЯ˴ʹѶߣʱԺϲĸ߲ϵȻûЯʹѶҲû⡣ӰϲĴѶߣǲʱʹõġ

ʮ涹׵
Ƴϣȷϲ峤Ƽᣬһ
ĸжλϲĸ߲Ա
峤Ŀ涹׵֮ǰӰսϲǿţŵҩ⾰ԵʦҲ˵ˣս֮󣬱ó涹׵ϲ䡣Ƴ˵
ҩû⣿Ƽйâ
涹׵֤ˣûκ⡣ңҸоλԵʦóĵҩǰҼ涹׵ƷʻҪһЩƳƶ˵
峤ӰϲǾԵʦֻҪסϲˡҾãⲢʲô¡ϲ䲢ԱʧƳ˵
ֻϲˣǲ¡ֻǣϲĹӰϲܹס𣿡Ƽü˵
Ͳˡ峤ȻֻҪϲˣǾ͸񼴿ɡӰϲձϲҲѾõ涹׵Ƴ˵
ôϲ䶼Կ
Ӱϲյסϲ䣬ôϲһܵõʮ涹׵Ӱϲ䱻ϲҲѾ涹׵
ƳԣеôʹӦ˰ɣƳϣԴӦӰϲ仹λԵʦˡڣϲͿʼ׼ڴսУǻμӡ峤Ƽһ˿˷ܵѶ˵
Ƴõ峤Ƽ󣬱ܸɴģӦ˾ƳҲû뾰ּۻۡԵʦܸɴ࣬ҳҲǳг⡣ϲ䣬εĽ׺⣬ҲپԵСˡ
Ӱϲ峤Ӱʹ˾ӰХڵõƳϵֻӦ󣬶ϲϲսӰϲȻǴƣٶһЩᡣ
Ƴϣ̫лˡӰƳϵĸл˵
Ӱ峤ˣϲȻսҪΪЩ涹׵ԣӰ峤ҪллԵʦűȽӦáƳڰֱ˵
û涹׵ϲŲðղս
ȻȻԵʦӰϲĶˡӰæ˵
԰ЦЦ
Եʦһ⣬Ҳ֪ǷðƳתĿʵ
Ƴϲؿ˵Ե
涹׵ĪǾԵʦƵ𣿡Ƴʵ⣬Ҳϲ߲Ҫʵġ
ӰӰХ֪һ㡣ӰӰХҲó涹׵ǴʲôطõģԼƵġ
涹׵ȷʵƵġԵͷ˵
ҲûҪһ㡣
Եʦ̫ˡƮ򣬾ԵʦڵϵƵϵһ֮ǰƮƺû涹׵ĵʦƳԳ֮Ŀо˵
ûƮȷʵûеڶʦ涹׵ӰХҲͷ˵
Ƴžԣֹӡ
Ƴ룬Լϲ䡣ɵӰӰХ棬⻰ʵǲ˵ڡһºƳǾ֮ҵٶԾ¡
ƳҲûзϲ䣬Ӱϲס
ԣǽȫ񣬶߾ɱͺɵ֮ϡ߾ɱһطϷǳ˳ԸоõԼռ򣬶߾ɱһĸá
УԻһ֮ǣԼɵƸоЩƣȥ߾ɱһ˷˼ɸС
ʱһȥԶ߾ɱǴﵽ˼ߵĲΡӰϲ䣬ܳӰӰХ֮⣬Զ߾ɱѾﵽǿ
ɵƣҲ˺ܴĽΪдԴ֧ţԾԿԺ޹˼ɵ


1705 ս
ʱϲ峤ƼᣬҲһȺ䶥ǿӰϲ䡣
ͬʱϲϲ䣬ҲΪս׼òˡǣѾʼ㷢
һսһ׼ãôͺܿˡϲӰϲȻԶͨʹͷǿԺܿ͵ִԷġ
Ӱϲ䣬ҲľͽƵڵĴʹ󷨹رգҲֻ΢Ļһ¶ѡ

ɵƣ
Ҹоǿһء̶ȣӦǴﵽڶˣ΢Уǰһ˸ơ
ֻǿϧ
ġĺɵƣֲ̫ˡڵοҽǬɵȫ͸յĺɵҲǴﵽ㡣΢΢һ̾
ġĺɵƣĺɵƣʵ̫ˡ
ĺɵƣҲ֪һжٲΡһȷ϶ԶԶ㡣
Ҫ֪ɵƣ߽׻Ҫļµ
ֻص˺ɵʱɵƵû͸ֻصҲڳĸ߽һĶҡ

⣬˾ӰХ
˷䡣
˾΢΢
ϲжˣͨʹ󷢣ѾӰϲ佮֮⣬ۼٸӰХɫ˵
ţսҪˡԵͷ
һ¡˵ӰϲעʱϣܴӰ¶⺢ߡӰХЩ˵
סӰ¶վӰХߡ
ӰХҾԣǽӰ¶һˡ
Կ˿ӰХֿ˿Ӱ¶
ͷ˵Ӱϲ죬һӰ¶һߡ
̫ˣ̫лˡҲͷˣӰХЦһ˵һսʹʹɱˡߣӰϲ޷ı串Ľ֣Ҳϲù
Ӱ¶Ӱ֣ɷһ£ԶӰ¶˵
ŶӰ¶žԡ
ӰХҲɻĿžԡ
Ǵ㣬ⳡսʹӰ֡Ч˾ģӰ¶ǰҵƶռ䡣Խ˵
Ը磬Ӱ֣㡣Ӱ¶óһ״
Ӱ֣һԿٳλ
ԽӹӰ֣̽һԾϵѿӰֵĽṹ
һǳıӰֵʦͬһ㡣а
Ӱ֣϶кܴҪ֪Կʥʦһ޷κʹ

ϲĴִ
ӰϲĳԱҲ˴ս׼
Īݣ
ˣ
ĪվھԵǰ
Īݣ㲻зڵܶṩʲôԿĪ˵
˲˵˵ųһ죬˿ָĪ˵
׷澰ԣԸΪʹӡΪʲôΪģгһգܹϰھʱԽԽĪԽԽᶨţ֮ӣǷͬѰߡ
һᾡġԵ
ʹáóһͷݸĪݡ
һ
ĪԼҲģֻĪݵȽϴֲڡĪݲзЩĪҲܷӳԸĪݵǱȽģ챦ڲ̺ķƣȻγɡңĪħʹõġ
챦ħ嶼ãóͷħܹʹáңһǳǿҪħȺ֮챦ǿöࡣ
Īݽӹͷܿʶһ㣬æл
߰ɣӰ峤ǣѾˡǰȥ
Ӱϲ֮⣬ȺѾۼ
׽壬Աȷʵࡣ
ʱӰϲ֮ӰϲԱǳԱ߳ˡǣһۿȥҲͲżǧ˶ѡҲ˵Ӱϲӵܣȫܶһˡ
ϲ䡢ϲȣǵ壬ԱҲࡣӰϲһЩҲһӡ
ȻӰϲ䣬䣬ĳԱ츳Ƚϳڣʵ˵Ǻǿһ㣬ܱȵġ
ƺڤڤһֹԽǷѵ壬Խǿ٣ӾԵ˽⿴һȷʵˡ
˵壬ѪΪģȻͷͼǿ󣬵Ƿ˵ǷǳĲ


ˣ
ڳ˿ԣ׷׼ʺ


1706 ս
ϲǿߣ׷׶ԾԵͷʾ⣬ϸֺõЦݡ
һϲӰϲǿߣϲ峤ƼԴӣ׺ʮʦ
ϲȻӦҪסϲǿߣǱᾡţϲսߣҲܱϲǿ١ϾǲܽóǵϳҲҪءǲӰϲ䣬ԼϳȴˣǲЦˡ
ƼҲһսУӰϲյסϲ䣬ҲȫסԵʦʱ£Եʦϲ䣬ǲǺô
峤˾ߵӰǰ
һ£λĪݡԽߵĪݡ
Īݵѣ
Īã
֮ǰӰսĪݵѣŵһӰϲĸ߲㣬׷Īݼ
ǶӰս֪ĪҲǴײεǿߡңĪݶ浲סڤһʱ䡣ʵС
λѺãĪҲĻ
Ӱ峤Σתʵ
ϲϲ֮ǰͽӰϲƿص֮ڡڣǼִӰ˵ȻҪʱϲϲ̬
ҸоõӰϲĸвءĿתܡ
ţȷʵˣЩߣƮ䡣֪Ӱϲϲ伴սԹ֣ҲˮŪôɡӰЦһ
ЩĳԱӰϲӪ
ƽʱӰϲ䲻ܻͬӰϲ伴ϲսڼٵ䣬ǾԲһþԣӰˣҲֻˣȥĳԱ
ҲӰ˵ͷ
ʱۼӰϲܵߣ࣬вһЩײεǿߡӰϲ䣬ȷʵʱЩˡ
ϲϲǿơϲ䣬Ǽ㳲ϲĸǿߣûһϲӪ˾ӰХͳ˵
ϲ䣬ͽԿӰ峤Ӱϲ䣬ֻҪεסϲĹƼʱ򿪿˵
峤ӰƼṰ˹֣м˵
ϲĻҪϲĴס֮⣬ϲĴ֮Уʮʦǿߡʦ֮µߣӰϲҲǴơ˾ӰХ֡
һսȷʵΣաڴǿߵϣӰϲϲ䵹൱ġĸףҲĸס˾Ӱϲʦж٣۾ʵ
ӰϲܲսʦһʮˣϲʦٺܶࡣӰХЩΡ
ӰϲʦȫսģϲʦӰϲöࡣϲʦȫϰٸ֮ġϲ䣬˲ʦӪֻʮʦ
ʦȷʵЩ⡣ɫء
۴ףǿҲǵסġϲ䣬λ״׾ǿߡӰϲ䣬һ״׶ûС͵ϮĻҺ峤ܶϲ״γɺܴвһսֻûʲô͵ϮĻᡣӰХü̾һ˵
ϲԭ׵ģԸɵһʣĸĸ֮Уﵽ״׾硣ʣҲǶ״׾硣
ϲ峤ھųУԸ
ʲô
Щסھųʵ̫ǿˣ״ǿߡӰҡͷ
ھųеʵȷʵǿǰֹһսֶξҲûܻƼҲü˵
Ƽ˼˵ھųеʵʵ൱ʦ֮УȻǶ⣬ҲеȡҲ˵ھųеʵҲ״еȳ̶ȡ
Ǻǣϲһ״ף˭ʵ
ʦĵڶ״ףǵĴ˾ˡ̤״ʱ䲻ʵھųһӰХü˵
峤ɱܵסһʱ䲻𣿡ԿӰ
ɱĻȷʵ˶ֻ֡ǵסһʱ䣬û⡣Ӱ˵ͷ
ţˣͽ峤ˡԵ˵ͷ˵˾͸ԸҡĪݣ㸺סڤ塣
֮ǰĪڤ彻ֹɹסԷһʱ䡣ڵĪݣ˾Ը챦ҫ⸫ӦûһЩ


1707 Ǿ
ײεĶսԾ˷䡣ʦʦ֮µߣӰϲ䴦ھԵƣηҲ޼£ֻܽս
Ӱϲ䵹ǻһƣϾӰϲĴӪ⣬д󷨣ʱҲѰһʹáЩ󷨶Դǿ߿ܲʲôЧǴ֮µʦ󷨵ѹ
ԣ²ߵսʱϲҲѹӰϲ䡣
֪ʵǿ󣬿ھųСӰХݡ
ӰХϣԽŮӰ¶ߣھųУ˭Ӱ¶뿪
λ
һսûиѡܳ䲻⣬ǿ˵Ӱϲذɡ˵
仰ӰХ˶˵ˡ
ȷʵˣ
ӱϿӰϲ伸ܻʤ˫ʵϵĲ̫ˣӰϲҲܸϲȥһЩʧˡ
ʵӰϲҲһսӰϲܱĻᲢǣҲƴľġ
ϲҲܺù
ǾӰϲԱ롣Ȼϲ֪ѶˣǸõĽһУͿϲ串Ӱϲľж
һһʱ򣬾㹥ռһƣڴսʧ̫ôҲп˵ġ
ˣôɣģҲԼЦھųеʵȻǿ󣬵ҪɱңҲסЦЦ
ִ⣬ӰҲͲȰ˵
Եʦϲ峤Ƽֳ˵ڴսУܵвһҪһʱ߿£ģϲ䲻ϧһУҲὫԵʦ㱣
ƼỰ£ϲǿҲͷ
һƳ涹׵ĵʦֵϲ󶯸ɸˡ
ȻսδʼһҪл峤ĺ⡣ЦƼл
ˣ
ʱһӰϲ̽ӣӰͻȻȺΧһ
׼Ӱ֪̽ӵ˼̴ȵ
ӰϲԱȫȡԼ¶ǰ
Ƭ̺һҾ޴Ļۣ֮ڡ۾뻹ԶֻܿһʵӰӡҶ֪ϲϲĻۡ
һֹͣ棬һӰٷжۼڻ֮ǰ
ϲ峤ھųУԼϲ峤࣬Ⱥǰ
ϲ䣬ȻսˡߣƼСӣȻˡҲ֪ӰϲʲôôھųĿӣƼᡣ
ϲˣ֪ϲ佻׵ĳ涹׵
˵ϲ䣬Ӱϲ֮ڣҲֻȼ֪¡ͬģϲ֮ڣҲֻ峤ͼ̫ϳ֪¡
峤ɫ۵СӣǾԡǲĬϣСڤ忴˾ԣ˫Ŀɳ˵
ˡ
ǾԣĻ쵰͵ϲҩˡҳҲȺп˾ԣһӾ˳ʱ׷ɱջǱԸˡ
ԺƼᡢӰվһԲҡԴײǿߵĿԵ˵ס
ʲô͵ǲҩ
ˣ
Ҫɱϲĸ߲ŭ
Ǻǣƺܲ׶Ը˵ڤ峤϶֣Զϲ峤࣬ƤЦⲻЦ˵
˵ϲϲĹϵҲá
Ʈ֮䣬ģ˭Ҳ˭˭ѹס˭ֱ£ҪǹϵܺǲŹ֡ϲ֮ԳսȫΪѡ
峤Ϣ׼ȷ
ԵսȷʵǿҪɱеѶȡҪ˵ʵңǾ̫Цˡڤѹŭ˵
ȷʵԴˡǣʼΪԵʵܶࡣҲ൱ˡɱ˾ԣҲɱ

ˣ
һսпͷ
Ϸݣ˵Ӱϲܵסã
һսȻϲϲ䶼սǣϲӰϲ䡣ϲϲʵ൱ҲǴոְˣᶯġ˷˵
ȷʵеϲϲ䣬ӦòȫԸһսʵϲӰϲսֻǣӰϲܵסãϲȣǲ̫ࡣ
ȻӰϲʵܶ࣬һ㣬ǿܻ֪ӰϲڣҲĸءһ˵
ĸףЦˡӰϲӰӰХףƮ˭֪Цһ۵


1708 
ӰϲȻƮҲŵεĴ䡣
Ӱϲ峤Ӱʹ˾ӰХǴ׾ǿߣһ㣬ܶ߶֪ġ
ԣ˵Ӱϲĸ׺󣬱һƬЦӰϲĸףĸף
ֲǴײˣ洦ɼ
ǰӰϲȷʵֻǿߡڲ֮ǰӰϲֶǿߡײӰϲڲԱǵӰϲ䡣Ǻǣǲ֪ҲϢ֪˲ࡣϢͨʿЦһ˵
˵Ӱϲĸףʲô֤ݣüʵ
֤ݣ֤ûСһսʼӦþܿˡһνŲŵı顣
ŶˡǵϢ»֪ϲ̫ϳĬѾ˰ɣ׾Ĭ֮ǰնɱ˵һ䡣
ʲô
Ĭˣ
ôܣĬǴǿߣϲ̫ϳݣϲϲ䣬Ҳ׶ĬְɣһƬ
ףĬϣûϲ峤һǰ
ʲôû˵ĬϣӦϲӪİɣ˵
ǶҪҲˣһȻ
֮󣬷Żͣ
˵ģһǰɫۣһͷɫŮԡܲ˿ŮԣĿж¶η֮ɫ
Ůԣϲ峤ϲ䣬ƮҲǴǽĴ䡣ʵӰϲࡣ
ϲ峤һ״ס۸˵սϲ峤ھųп⡣
Ĭȷʵˣϲ峤Ŀһת˵
仰߶΢΢һ𡣷˵Ĭˣǲš⻰ϲ峤˵ŶȻȫͬˡ
ڵӰϲ䣬ȷʵǿߴڡӰӰХ֮⣬ףһоԣһĪݡ˵ĪݻǾԵʹӡĬھԵСϲ峤˵
ܵߣ
ȣӰϲ䣬ȷʵ쳣ǿ󡣲һսȻûлʤϣϲ峤ʹ˾״סӰϲ䣬һ״׾ǿ߶ûСʦʦ֮µĳԱӰϲƾ͸Ϊˡ
ԣӰϲûκʤġӰϲܱܲҪϲ䵽ԸⲻԸ⸶㹻նɱˡϲ峤˵š
˵ʱܶû˸Ҳ죬һֻš
ȻˣҲ˵ϲľĺܴ룬ϲӦҲ֪ϲսϢȻ֪ϢȻûиı乥ӰϲļƻôӦòϧһд۵׼ˡϲ峤۾
λϲ峤ǺϣϲӰϲĴսһЩǣӰϲŪһϲĴסĻϲʵͻ½ʱϲδûȡ֮Ŀܡ

峤ϲ䣬Ҫս𣿡Զϲ峤ھųжƼẰ
ûսĻϲȻҪսƼЦһ˵
Ӱϲ䣬׸ϲʲôôھųɫһֱ̽Ӱϲ붯ϲս۵Ϣδɹ
ֻ֪ϲսӦǸһĹϵ
ϲϲ䣬ȴһ˵ʵϲЩΪǣɲϣӰϲ串ϲϲСƼᲢ˵涹׵
峤ˣһֱû˵ϲ峤ʱҲˡ
峤ˡϲԸ˳δսϲҲǿ˳ġ峤ΣƼῴϲ峤Ц˵
ȻˣǾûʲô˵ˡսɣϲ峤ȵ
˳ⳡսȻǲܵġ
ϲ䣬ѾӦϲսʱ˳ϲӰϲ䣬Ǿûֱӹϵˡ
׼ھųо֣һ¡
󷽵ϲȫһھųǽִȫϲߣ糱ˮһ
ϲϲ峤Ҳ
ʱվӰߵľԣʩչռޡھʩչռޣѾȸո׽ʱ˺ܶ࣬ЧҲ󡣾Զ׽ķ򣬱ȵϤࡣ


1709 춯
ʩչռޣӰʧԭأ˲ƿھųС
ȻҲû̫ӽھųСھų״ףԾڵʵһӽھųһڣضᱻԷ̽鵽
ھھų֮ԶĵطԼӰ֣壬ֱû뵽Ӱֿٵλ֮СӰЧǷǳֲӰ¶һͨʦεΪ󣬶ܱܿ״ҵ̽顣
Ȼڷϲǻ𣬿ɶԷգҲӰ¶ܱȵġԼӰλռ䣬ھųҪ̽鵽Ҳѡ
Ǹأ
ˣ
һڸռڡʵСӵж״սСһ㣬͵Ϯˡҡڤˣһֱע⾰ԵĶ
Ƕ޲̸ɵԡ
ʧԭأǵһʱͷˡǲ̽鵽λãֻ֪϶ǲڸռڵʲôطΪҪȻҪ͵Ϯǡ
ҵҲ̫һ㡣ǿԵʵ൱͵ϮҲһӾشǡ
ھԻ᲻͵ϮϲʦǾ͸̫ʲôˡ㱻ɱһʦϲ˵ҲǴ¡һսضвʦ䡣ϲļף׼
ɱ
ϲӵסϲ䣡ƼҲɵ
ϲĸףڶʦǿߣϲԱӭȥ
ϲҲĬǵĳԱûĲ͵ϲԱСԣ˵Ƿǳ׼ģϲϲӵɱһ
ϲӰϲӵܣһӴɱ졣˲Ϣ֮䣬㶼вӵܱɱʬ嶼ûд
ϲĸףҲȺϷ״նɱӰϲӵܡĸףӰϲʦǿҲѳһ̶ֻ̼ʱжӰϲʦɱ
Ӱϲ峤Ӱ۾Ҳˡ
ϲĴ˾ͳȥط߾ɱʩչ£Ӱʧ䣬ϲ˾Զ
ߣھųУƾһ״Ҳ͵Ϯңϲ˾סӰͻȻֵһ˵
ϲ˾׼ͷӰӰХ͵Ϯ״ף£Ӱ͵Ϯ޷ЧҲ
ӰҲϲ˾ֻ׺ݵķ
ӰХҲɱһӰХʵһҪ΢ǿһ㡣һ֣ӰХѹסҡȻʱҲ޷شҡ
һûɱ㣬ȻһǰߣһΣҶҪնɱڤ˫ĿŵԶĪݣӰһĪݳ˹ȥ
ĪҲˣҫ⸫󿪴Ϻֱײҫ⸫ȷʵͣڿʼײУĪݾȻֻ΢ƵӡƾǿĪڤмһʱ䲢ѡ
ھųУȻڹӰϲӵܡ
Ѿ졣ڵľ棬ӰϲĸѾԼϲ֡Ψһԣ֪١
ھųЩˡ
ԵĿ꣬ܿϲ峤
ˣھųǷһĨ޵Ц
͵Ϯңұ޻أھųȻ²⵽ԿܻͻȻ͵ϮԼ̫⣬Լʵʮš
ʱľԣӰֵλռڣѾƶھųеĲԶھųУδ̽鵽ڵλռ䡣
սҵʤ²̫󡣡
ԣûֵ̫Ļᡣаת
ʱ˿̣ҲЩŵġΪȷԼڵսǷܹھų״һشھųпɲǸոս״׵ǿߣƼ峤˵ھųоеȲε״ףеƫϡ
΢΢һת
߾ɱ
ԵĿУȻһϬľ⣬߾ɱط֮ʩչ߾ɱʱ䲻ѾɾӰϲУ߾ɱطϵ裬ҲӰӰХܱȾԸǿһЩӰսδܼϾԡ
߾ɱʩչ󣬾ԵϢ䵽˼¡߾ɱǰɱ͵Ϯһǿط߾ɱӰ֣Եھųе֮߰ڣھųоȻûκεĸӦ
ɱһŭȡ
ԷĵӰڶӰܴ߶ޡ
籩
֮
ɵƣ
ԣ˾춯صһιһȫû֣ǱǿսԼʩչɱȫ˲Ϣʩչ˳


1710 һɱ
Ļͻأ֡
˵һĳ֣ûκεס
γɵĽĻУ׺һɫƣһױȵƣȻ١
ϲ峤ھųУȫĻڡ
ھų״ײεǿߣʵ졣ǣδԵĽӽֱԳ֣Ӧ
Ȼ͵Ϯң
ɣھųиӦ˾Գʱɢ
Ϊ⣡
һ״սߣܹʲôв֮䣬ͿɵĽԷѹ
ţھųֻԼһʹ񶼳ֶݵĻ㱡
˲ףԼˡǣһĹʽ
ھųȻʶͷӦԼˣȴûа취屻Ȼǿ壬ܿͽ籩Ĺѹȥ̣ٶҪһЩʱ䡣
Ҫģһʱ䡣Ժ籩ǲܶһ״ɶ˺ġʩչ籩Ҳȡһʱ䡣
ھųѳʱ򣬾ԵĻ֮ѾĽǰ
ʱھųѾûʱӦһĹˡǱܵģ߶ȫͼסһڲִ֮УֲܵԼȫϵķ
Ȼһ״׵ķӦٶǺܿģҿ˲Ϣת
ھųеܣһŨĹĻγɡĻУһһתУ̺ŵܲ
һ״ף϶Լĵ
ĻֵھųУĿѣĶžԣ޲ýʬΡ
ԼĴо˼ǿҵвеĺ⣬޷ƵĲҲЩڣԼС˾ԡԵֶΣĸΣա
쿴
ƺǡӰϲĿ侰ԣ찡Ȼȥ͵ϮھųУ
ͻȻھųߵģЩսߣȻһӾͲ³Ǵ͵Ϯھųеġ
Ҳ̫ˣ
Ȼ͵ϮھųУϲ峤ǿǣ״ײεǿߡƮʵҲǰʮɣ
θ̫ˣ
³çΪ˸۵ġھųУԲŹġ
ھ֮У˵š
һͷɫϲ峤ҲĿתĿеľԣĿ֮оλϲ峤Ҳ״ײεǿߡȻЩʦܹȵġóϲ峤ھųУƺδܹǰԵ͵Ϯ
е˼ϲ峤˼ת
ʱ򣬻֮Ľ棬ѾھųӴâٵ𶯣Ҫǰ谭ھųܵĻҲǵһֵ֮֡
ʱھųУҲЩšĻԷƣô֮ԼͻᱻԷĽĻû
ʱûʱʹֵֶ
˵ʵⶼڷǳݵʱڷġֻеסһܻ֡
ھųкĸ֪֮ĹҲǰԾԵĹȷʵǿסԼ״ףôһԼδصסҲ˵ʼѡ͵Ϯһڤ峤ϣôλϺֵܿܵסһ
ھų΢һЩܵĻȻܿ죬ɶԷʩչĽĻͬġţʤƽԼбֻҪܵסһôͻᷢΪ͵ķҪɱоԵߡ
ھųûвڻ֮Ľ֮Уɫζ˽֮
ɫƣ˸һ¡
ڶɵƵܣ˲Ϣ䱬
ɽ
֮ںɵܱ֮£֮ʵı仯
ۿɼھųܵϣԭǲɴʱȴǳ˴Ѻۡ
ʲô

ⲻܣھųĿг޷εĻҡ
оԼķʼˡĵֿڽڰˡЩ벻ףԷĽâΪͻȻ֮
ž
ڣھų֣ܵһ΢춯󣬻ΪƬ֮Ľâٿƿɨȥھųλ˹ȥ
ھųУһĲҽ
ţһӰ׹䡣ϣѾǧٿס֮ɨ֮ھųеͺһɸӡ
һɱ
ֻһ㽫״ھųնɱ
Ե񣬶ھųɸһʬ壬ȷԷȫɢųĺһȻֻһһȴǺķ˾Դ


1711 ʤϣ
֮ǰҲްܹɱ״ھųС
ò˵͵ϮɱҲҪһɷ֡ھų̫ӾԣǾĺһЧ
ȻڵĹҲȷʵǳĿֲսȵһڤ彻ֵʱǿ˺ܶࡣʱ򣬾δӰϲط߾ɱɵҲֻյһ㡣
۹ԵĹһΡǺɵƵȷʵǿֲ˾ɵƣֻײݡĺɵƣǻ֪ж¡ַֻųһƣɱһƬ׻εǿߡ
ڿУһھųԴȫϲ峤ϵԴ϶߲࣬ܡ
͵ϮھųУھų֮ǰͱڶսע⡣ھų֮ǰһҽУȫĿ⣬ųɾŶ˹һЩɱϲӰϲԱսתƹ
ǿھųϲ峤նɱ󣬿֪ǻı顣
һģͺǼ˹һı顣
ھųˣ
ϲ峤ǾԸɵˣ
⡭⡭ѵǿ˲ɣ
ھųУôᱻǾԻɱңƺһɱ
Ŀ̣ǻھųѾˡƮھųϲ䣬ݺˡҪھųˣԲ١ǣھųúúõġ
ɱھųУ̸ף
ϲ峤Ŀ֮УŷȻ״ףվۿԳֹھųУȻû뵽˵Ȼþ͵Ϯֶηǳھųжûǰ̽鵽ȻΪԲھųеĶ֡
û뵽ھųлᱻһɵھųпɲǸոս״ס
Ʈ򣬸˵ԼܻھųеĴ׻Ҳ
ӰϲĳԱڳУһƬ
ԭûʲôϣģűľģɱһһڣʶˣӰϲʤǿ
ϲ峤ˣֻʣǿߡӰϲ䣬ȴĸףֻҪŪһףôʤƽضӰϲб
Ӱϲ˶ܣɱϬ
ӰӰХ򶼵һ˫ţ֮ۡǰľԻᱻھųɱȴ벻ĽھųжûüӣͱŪˡ
ϲ䣬ЩãˡϲҲǵ峤ɵˡⳡսôȥ
˵ЩʵԽϵ͵ϲԱǵĴ˾Һڤϲ̫ϳϣҲʼġ
һֻҵӡ
΢ָһ£ٴʧڿռ֮ڡٿӰ֣ڤӽȥڤĪɱȫѹĪݡû˲֣ɱĪҲֻʱϵ⡣峤ھųбնɱͲòˣĪݵĹ̶ȣʱࡣ
峤ھųж԰ɱˣԶԼ֣Լܵס
ڤзľˡ
Щ벻ס
ڲ֮ǰ뾰Խ֡һν֣ԱֳսȻҲǿ󣬵ڤΪԺѵɱԼǡΪ峤ھųжɱˣ
벻ͨ

ڤ帽Ļڤɨڤ壬Ҳûп֣ȻǿĹɱʩչ򣬾Ƿֹڤܡ
䣡һȥڤ屻ɳȥ
ھųвһڤʮ׼ܹʹõķֶȫԣһɣûֱӱɵ
ȻһҲܵشѪɫֽ
ɶ񣡡
ľԣ㲻úһú

ڤЩˡ
һΣûдߡ峤ˣУȫ뾰ƴͷںòסžԳ˹ȥ
ԵȻ֮ٴ͵ı
ǿڤ壬ھУǼѡķֵܶ󣬶̫עˣ󲿷ֵڹϣɼڵڶ֮£ûܿס
ֱһչڤԴȫ
ĪݣߣЭ˾նɱǸҡûټӰֱ֣ӰХɱҳȥ
ҿԼȫһڤ岻һڤһҪ뾰ƴȴ
Ūǵ峤ھųУɴĻɱ˶״ڤ塣ȹҵȻɵΪԼܵסԣΨһϣϲǱߡ


1712 ¾
ȫû뾰ԶԿоһɭȻɱԼԼʵסԼ
ǣʱ˵ϲǱߣѶҲܴҪ֪Ӱϲ˾ӰХʵҪ΢߳һأӰХ˵ס
ԵٶȺ֮죿
գ֮󣬻֮ĽĻѾеĽâſֲպɨȥֻңսܵĹսߣͷƤ顣
ҲκγɣĴ߶ϧҲҪӰХĹ
ܣ
籩
ҵ΢΢һ١
ұԶϣϾѾˡ
ʱڲʵ˻Уұɱ
֮ǰϲĴ˾λ״ײεǿߣǸɴˡ
λ״ߣӰǲסġ
ʵϣڳˣܶû뵽Ӱߡôϲӵܡھųеս֮λ˾ϲ߲ε䡣ȻɴĶˣˣ
ϲĴ˾ǱƵˡ
ھųбɱ֮λ˾ʵѾڿ·ڤȺھУͳʧȥɱ
ϲڶ˵˲ˡ
ԻɱҺȥѰϲ˾Ӱʱǿȥ׷Ҳˡ
ӰϲӵɱϲڶԱ֪ǵһĳ׳ˡΨһŵĴ˾ˣˡвãǼɱȥʲôɡ
ϲ˾ߺ󣬱ϲԱ˺Ҫ뿪սѾûмɱȥ־ǵ֮Уطռ˾ԵϷ硣
Ե˺ûκԥϾͼ뵽ɱϲ֮Уһϲʦʦ֮ߣϱ¾
ϲʦʦȻܶ࣬Ѿʧȥ˶־Ѿû취֯ЧĵֿžԵĸǿ߼룬ϲӪڳܡȴǵˣֻ
ɱȻڼҲ˵һսѾһ浹¾ܿͻ᳹׽
ӰϲɱϲԱʱϲϲɱҲڲֹ֪ͣ壬֮Уûмֲɱ
ϲ峤ˣɫӵĿһսеľԡûֹӰϲȥɱϲԱΪһսĽѾע
ֹһʱ䣬ɱʧ
ϣǶѻʬ塣ʬ壬ϲӵܡһΣǰӰϲϲԱӳȥһɶʣµģ
Ӱ˴ɨսžԣϲ峤Ƽ˽ǰϲ˶š
峤ʲô뷨Ƽʵ
⻰˼˵ǴɱǴߡϲɱϲӰϲȻ㵽סϲߣϲ䡢ӰϲҲȥǡ
ϲ峤Լ伸ףƬ̣˾
ɱϲ䲻ϲҪɱžͲֹͣҲЩϲԱ¾֮Ի޷ǾҪּۻŪһЩôˡ
һϲսΪľǴսеõôǣϲѾзˣ֮ǰϲĺôȻҲˡ
ôϲӪϲ˶ٶЩġ
峤Ӱ峤
֪ǽôϲ䣿ϲ峤ʵ
ϲ䣿ƮѾûϲ䡣Ӱ˵
ϲӪȻڣӰϲ϶ж΢ӰϲϲӪΣƽϲ䡣
Ӱ峤ǲһѡϲӪ϶һЩֵ磬һжϲ峤Ӱ˵
ǺǣͲ鷳峤ˡӰϲ䣬ԼӰֱӾ;ܾϲ峤顣
һߺߣ
Ӱ峤ȷӰϲ䣬ܳԵϲ𣿡ϲ峤ɫ˵
ûϲ룬ӰϲͲʲô𣿡ϲ֮Увζԡ
峤ͲùĨǵˡǣֱ˵ɣӰϲϲһսУϲ佫κκô֣ǴһԡǺǣӰϲϲ䣬Ҳϲ䵷ҡһ˵ģǱˣǾԡ
ԵĻϲ϶¶ŭɫǣû˸ҳֱӺǳ⾰ԡ


1713 ʳ
ȭͷ󣬾е
һɵھųһĻЩϲԱһӶǡ
һѰߣǴײεߣǿӲӶϲ˵ϲ䶼ֱܿɱ
ǶԾԣϲ峤Ҳļɵ
һɷھųУҲһɷϲ峤
ϲ伸ĬĬĶһۡ
ϲһսŪһЩôǲ̫ˡڽӰϲʰоֵʱң˵ԴĲ˵˵⾰ԣûԸⱻһ˶סϲǿĴףҲûտסԵİɱ
ϲ峤˿
ˣڣϲ峤˵ţת뿪
ʱڶսߣҲɢȥˡУв˴뿪󣬶ϲӪȥϲĴӪһ⣬˭ȥҧһڡ
峤սѾϣսƷӰХӰǰ˵ͬʱһƶռ͹
Ӱӹƶռ䣬ת־ͽ˾ԣҲӹɨһۣ㽫ʱɵƣĺܴ
˵һϲ֣ԿԼóʮ涹׵
峤ʣµ涹׵㿴һ֣ƿɳ
ӹƿƼ¶εЦݡ
涹׵
Ƴ˵ϣһҲ¶Цݡ
ԵʦҿɾͲˡƼֱӽƿɨԼƶռ䣬Ҳûȥ飬ΪȫûбҪ
Ӱ峤ԵʦѾǾͲˡƼӰ;Թ˹֣׼ǣϲ˷شӪ
峤ԵȣȴסƼᡣ
ԵʦʲôԸ𣿡Ƽ˵
սˣϲӪսЦЦ˵
ǰϲӪ̫áϲ䣬Ѿǲз״̬ˡϲ˾ȻˣҲûӷϲӪ㷵ˣҲض̫ʱ䡣Ҳ˵ϲӪûдˡ
ϲ䣬ɵסЩǡԣӰϲ߱뾡жȷⱻЩǳȥϲ޶
ԵʦϲӦǲҪϲ˰ɣӰϲϾԵʦ㣬ȫԺɾϲӪġЩϲֻҪоԵʦڣѵζˣһڰ𣿡Ƽü˵
Ǻǣ
ϲӪȷʵһ۲ķ⡣峤Ӱϲϲ䣬ͬ˵Ĺϵ⣬Ӱϲұ˿ɲܳԶʳ۾𻺻˵
˵ƼȻˡǵ۾Ҫ˵Ƽ˶ϲӪģǲܵġ֮Ҫϲ䣬ǸӣþԾϲʳϲ䡣
˵ףƼǼ俴뾰ԽõĹϵ
ھԼʾͲһˡ
ԴˣӰûκεҪǾԣӰϲܶΪƽˡϲӰϲܴеõٺôĲǺҪ
ΣھͶǰϲ䣬䳹ײлõ棬ϲռĳɣӰϲռĳɣռݶɡԼ˵
ײף
ⲻУ
ӰƼἸͬʱҡͷ˵
Եʦõ̫ˡӰϲĳ棬ȫھԵʦ㡣Ӱ˵
Ӱ峤ӰϲһսʧɲСϲ䣬ӰϲʲôòǾܽܣӰϲӵܽ𣿡ƼӰ˵
һ֮䷽ˡ
һռĳɣӰϲϲֱռɡķ䷽ҶԽܡ
ֱϲϳͨʹ󷨣Ӱϲ䵽ϲ䣬Ҫ̫ʱ䡣
ھԵ˵ִϲ֮ǰȷʵѾһЩҪҧһڡһЩĳԱڹϲˡϲû򣬺ô֮ǰҲʱڣЩǸûռݵʲôô
֮ǰսܵϲ˾ҲعϲһΡλֻյʱ뿪һЩȽԴϵһӵܡϲԱ˲ˡ
Ե˵ִ֮󣬿ЩҪϲϳߺ˶Ц
ɱ
Ӳ˵ȣÿһɱ⣡һȴ
һЩǿӰƼ;Щ˵ǿ߳ʣ󲿷ֶεĴŲߡв֣Ȼġ


1714 䶨
󲿷Χϲˣٲֹͣ˹Ȼԭء
ԵˣЩҲη塣ֻǣѾǰϲ䣬ջʵ̫ˡϲΪƮ֮һ۵ĲƸһ֡Ȼп϶вֱϲ˾˴ߣֻǴٲ֡
ΪΪʳ
ЩߵĴ󲿷ߣҲ뿪ֻǵԶ˼˵۾Ǻġ
һЩȻϲ֮⣬ԵɫҲЩ˵˼Ҳ֪Ҳǿϲ군ˣҪһ
ظһ飬޹Ա뿪ɱۣӰٴδ

Ӱ峤⻰ǲЩ̫ˣֲӰϲĵƾʲô뿪˹Цź
ǣ
ϲϳֲӰϲ䡣
۸ˣҲô۸ߣƾʲô
һЩ˽
ۼߣҲײεǿߣƮĳԱɲ١
Ӱ峤ΪǾͺ۸ǵȻӰϲ֡ЩֻӰϲҲռˡһײεתӺ
ĻƺֻӰϲ˵ʵҲǶϲ˵ġֲϹӣӰϲϲ㵽һȻЭ顣
ЩǾϲӰϲ֣ҪҲõ
Ӱ۾ҲǷǳŭϲ峤ƼᣬҲӵۡҪ˵ֱӿɱǻЩɵϲ䡢ӰϲǿƣҲ޷Ʈԡ
ʱϲӪڵЩϲԱ治¶ͷҲ֪ԼĲ군ˣһήҡ
Ӱ峤ҵи飡һϲ䡣һȥˣҾ͸ģ˭Դ͹˭һšȺУ˺ٺһЦ˵
ԵĿ⣬˵ˣһɫ۵Ĵײߡ
Цϲ⣬ǰӰƼᶼηˡЩ˲ͽǵԼĶЩ쵰һţȻӡӰϲɵϲĴ󲿷ǿߣЩ˸ϲ䣿
Եʦô죿ӰЩǡ
Щ쵰̫࣬ɱֻǵ˾̫ˡƼҲڷ
ǣϲȻûˣһϲɲϲ
ҿǵԴжӲЦһ
Ӱһֱɫ۵Ĵ׳ȥ
ԴǺãҪԼܲܳԵȥˣɾ͵òʧˡϢۣͳȵ
֣źɫ۴ϯȥ
ɫ۵Ĵףֻһɱֱײɫ䣬æˡ
εǣֻһͨףܱܿԵĹ
͵ֵסֻһͱ֮
һȻȫԸԷκλᡣ
ߵĴǿ߱һնɱɫ԰ˡԣҶ֣
˭£ʣ·ˣ
̫˰ɣͲµ̫࣬Լɱ֮һǿ߿ڡ
תԾԶֵӣη徰Եʵҳ֡
ϻϼն֮ĽһƥϮɱȥ
û⣬ڶ߱Ըɵ
Ǻǣһŵ㣬ǲµˡ˭Ҫ£һɱգݵĺȵ
ಣ
ಣ
Щۼϲ֮ߣʱ״ٳˡȷʵģһҪõϲԴһ룬ǾԼСҪԣȫͲư
ƼӰһۣж𺳡
ͼˣӰϲ䡢ϲϾ֮£ϲϳڵӵܣյʱ䶼ûסϲͱˡ
ЩԶ˵ߣϲڲ
̫ɺˣ
ԣʵǿ󣬷裬ѵǾôţ

ӦģǻҪǾԣϲ䣬Ҳסǣ顣
飬ֻһٰۡ
ҪôףƮͲᱻѳˡ
ϲӪƣԴĹ̿ʼԣǽϲҩռݣֻҪܹʹãȫժ
ҩ⣬Ի˲̺Ԫؾĸֱ


1715 
ݺƮϲ䣬ʹ˳Ϊʷ
һЩ©֮㣬ϲ˾ˣӳƮѾƵˣƮ򣬶ǶԾͲȫϲѾ군簲ġʵҲȷʵˣϲĴ˾Ųֵϵߺ󣬵һʱ뿪Ʈ
ϲ䣬õĳҵ棬һĿ޴֡
ɵƣȷʵˡҪ󣬾Ǹݺ̺Ԫؾı
վԼ㣬ԼҪյĺɵƣӵеԴܻЩǿҪԴĺֲܿɵƾ޴ҲþԲϧĵԴ
ȻԻҪӰڵڶѾͣ˺ܳʱ䡣ܴﵽӰ磬ôԼֱֻ̺ƥ׻ˡ
֮ԴƣҪԴ

ĲƮ𣿡
ϯϣƱյ
Ӱϲ֮ڣϲ峤ȸ߲Ҳڡ
ƼѯʾԵһ㣬˵Ҫǰ
ţ˵ڱСԵͷ˵
ǾԿ϶Ҫǰ򡣼ͣԼڷ̤Ψһ취ĿǰˡҪʱͿռ䷨Բ֪ҪáĦʱҲһǳʱ䡣
һһʱ䣬һЩҩӰ峤峤Ƕѣҿ԰һЩҩֻҪṩϡת˵
仰ӰƼ΢΢һ
ȻԲƮ򣬵֮ǰܰһЩ񵤣Ҳ˰ο
ҪȻǰġҪṩϣټһЩҪĿʯȵȱ
ӰԽ͵˺ߵһС
һʹһ󣬿Դ͵򡣵Ȼͨ󷨣ֱڴҲǿԵģֻǴƮеҪʱ䡣
⻹һ˳¡
׽Ĵ󺣣Σءвкǿޣ˵⺣ϵһЩ籩ȵȣҲ޾ΣաھĴ˵Σյٵö࣬һʧҪִɾͲ֪ҪķѶʱˡ
ԣҲͨ󷨴Ʈ
Ӱ峤ʹ˱ɣڴ󷨸Թ˹֡
Ӱ¶ŶֶӰ¶ЦЦ˵
Ӱ¶Ҳˡ
ΪӰϲҲҪдӰХûԹֻŮӰ¶;ԡ
Ӱ¶۾΢΢죬žԡ
Դ磬Ժܼ𣿡Ӱ¶
ȻԺһټġԶһ²˵
ô˵ȴǽȻͬġһ˳Ƚ뼫󣬾Ծͻ뿪׽硣ԣӰ¶Ŀĺܵ͡
ô˵Ӱ¶ˣϵĳɢࡣ
Դ磬ҵ㡣Ӱ¶Ŭ¶һЦ˵
Ե˵ͷ
ʹó󷨣Ҫࡣ
׽磬һֽ׾ʯ⴫ʹ󣬾Ҫ׾ṩ
һʹһΣҪǶһö׾
׾ҲǼصģһʦ
ΪˣƮҪǰҲǱȽѵ顣һЩǻÿһʱ䣬ǰһЩƮõĶƵҲߡ
ڴǶö׾ĪˣҪöĪݽǬ磬ǲеġ绹׽磬ε߹תĪݽǬ磬ô͵ɲǣĪݾͻᱻǬż
ٴθǺ󣬾ԺĪʧڳʹ֮ڡ
ӰӰ¶ˣžԺĪʧúǲ׼ء
ھ뿪ϲ᲻ᱨӰϲ䣬⵹ǲõġڵӰϲϲϵܣϲ䱨Ӱϲ䣬ϲֱӲ֡
ʵԵʱϲϲһսлȡɵĺôĿľڴˡԣΪӰϲ俼˺·Բ֮ˣԼƨ˲ӰϲⲻϾԵıġ
Ӱϲ䣬ϲ䱻ҲͶ֪˾ԵġǶԾԣȷʵޱȵĸм
ͨʹ󣬾ԴĪݣܿ͵
ߵĴʹҲһ֮ڡȻ˵ǳҲЩ̫׼ȷ֮һȽϻҵĵطڳγɵķУƮǱֵöࡣ
ԺĪݸմӴ̱߳һΧסһȺΧžԺĪݡ
λ£΢УɨЩˡ
Ⱥʵʮ˵ӣȴһҶʦߡ


1716 
ΧסԺĪݵˣ䡣ΪһˣĿھԺĪشת
ü˵񣬴һַԡ
ӺζھҪٴοڵʱ򣬶ԷΪ׵˵ˡ
ǴƮߡٴι˹˵
ӰϲʱӰҲζԾԽ
ɱƮҪҵöࡣ
׽֮Уǿ࣬Ҳġ򣬶Զȡǣ֮УҲΪҵġÿ춼ᷢССɱͻս
һЩǿȹ̣˵֮µʱ
Ӱ˿У֪ÿʱͻһȽǿʢӰ˵ıȽǿʢֻǲӰϲ
ÿ˽һö׾Ϊ˵ǴƮ˵
ΪʲôҪ׾ĪɭȻŶԷ
ЩˣʵȻʦεǿ߶һҡǿģҲʦѡЩ̬ȶӣĪѾܲʹ졣ЩҪ׾Ī̲ס
ٺ١
Ϊν׾ǴƮ򣬵ȻҪɹ·ˡˣٷϻϿ׾Ϊ׵ԵЩͷˡ
㡭Īɫ
ĪݣסĪݡ
ȡö׾͸Է
ǿ˰ɣȶԷӹ׾֮󣬾ʵ
ˣɣУΪ׵ЦŰڰ֡
̫ˣˣôŪǣԺĪԶĪݵ˵
ˣһ²һ¡׾ȻΪ󣬵ܼһЩ鷳ö׾Ҳֵõġ԰ڰ˵
ԺĪݣδ뿪г󷨵ĳУǺܿתһƬŴ̯λ
֮ǰᵽط˵ǳУ˵ǷСȫΪг󷨲ŷչġԣܶߣһЩðߣǻὫһЩðеõԴõۡ
Ϊг󷨵Եʣ׽򣬲ʱĻһЩߵһЩԼҪԴ
ҲΪˣطҲһЩȡ·ѵĵƦǰԺĪȺˣƦȻǵı󣬿϶һ򵭵һȺˣʮҲȡ·ѡ
Ҫ֪ߣһ붼ʦ磬дǿߡûк̨ôȡ·ѣãǳĸߣһ˾һö׾׾׽磬Ƿǳģһʦ׾
Ƭл治СԺĪݣǰһƬ̯λ
֪̯λ۸ԴȻҲӰ˵ġ
ǵҪԴ뿪ԶĪ˵һ䡣
ǣˣĪȻûκ
Щ̯λϰڷԴݡ׽ݣȷʵǳ֮ࡣܣ׽һĹϵ磬ĻǼ̵ġĳһЩطܹĳһݣһҲࡣ׽磬һһصġһЩ϶Լҩרֲݡ
׽Ұ⣬Ҳǳࡣ˵ڷų۵ݣϾͶð߽һЩյػõģвһЩھ˵ġ
Щǲݣʲô۸񣿡ߵһ̯λ֮ǰָ̯λʮǲʵ
̯λ̯һ꺺ӣƤ·ΪҲʦ硣
׽磬ƺһߣƤ·
Ҳ˽ЩƤϵģбȽǿķһǿĳֱۣӴƤ·
̯λ̯ѯǲݵļ۸ʱһĵĴ˾ԺĪһۣ֡
ЩǲݣҺòײŻõġΪǣҲ㶪̯ûֱ˵۸񣬶ǶԾԽЩǲݻõļѡ
ֱ˵۸ˡԴ˶Էĳƪۡ
ǲݣԲЩĶݣ缸ǾĴڣҵһꡣ̯λϣȴʮ֮ࡣǲݿһֵҩεͻͽ
һڼۣһǲһöż񾧣̯һһ۸
׽磬ҲʱʹõҪԴ׾ǱȾż̺Դʦò׿᳨ܶʹ׾
ˣҡͷ
ʵϣ磬˵һöż񾧣һöż񾭣򲻵һǲݡ֮˭ˣں໨Ѽö񾧡ǣϣһЩ˵졣طǴִŵʹþżɨǿ϶һЩ˵ע⡣
󲻹ǲݿɲҪ֪ݣһ㶼Ǵ¢ϡҰУǲݲ̯˵
⻰ʵǲ׽Ұ⣬ȷʵһЩЩҩУֲҲ̫ࡣ
Ҳ˵ϻǲݣҳöżˡͬ⣬Ǿͳɽͬ⣬תߡһʱת뿪ӡ
̯λһƬ󲿷̯λ϶ݳۣҲһҪǲݡ
ðɺðɣͰ˵ģЩǲݣһöż񾧡ˣ˰̯һı顣
Բٶ˵ȡöż񾧶Էʮǲ
󣬾ԺĪһ̯λϡ̯λϣ۵ݸһЩһ֣֡ǳġ
Ʈʱ򣬾ѾõܶԴǣһ׽粻ףԿ϶뾡õݡȻص磬ƳĸҩЩҩԳۣҲԸ׽ʹʵ
һ֮󣬾Խ̯λϵȫ
һһ̯λԹԽԽ࣬ܿģһЩǰҾ̸ˣǿڷչݡ
һԾԭأһЩݺ̺Ԫؾϵ߹̸۸
ԵΪڷ˲СɧЩߣͺᵽѪζ

Ǽһپżˣ̯֮⣬˵ĿⶢȺеľԣȣ˵
Թ㣬ҲöżˡˣǸոǴƮġٺ٣ڳʹ棬ˣҪö׾ˣһԷǳУһ˽һö׾Ĺ·ѣǾȻûԥͽˡһߵü˳۵˵
ǾԿˣһϳ˾֮ǰסʮΪ׵һ
ţֻǣǹôʲôǱΪ˵ߣ۾˵ͷЩɻĵ
ȷʵЩ֡ƮȻƶúܣЩ϶ҲԼҩֲٵݲǣòݰɣ񵤣Ϊԣ˿϶Ǵӵܡʦ߻˵
ȶǣעⲻҪݾߡǸ˷Ը
ǣ˷ģһˡʦӦ
ڰ̯Դ죬չݲϵľż񾧣õòˡȻƬ̯ľݣҲ˾ԵС
ҲɵɳһǻкܶݣܾҪóҩˡ
׽ݲֵǮҩȴޱȵ

һڣ
϶ȷڰ̯ǧöż񾧹ݣһӣվڶˡ
磬ȷʵˡ˼主Уżóֱԥûۿ϶˵
϶֮ǰڰ̯ˣµ˶žԺĪݡ
ͷ򰡣ţǵݵ𣿡ȡ
ˣǴײεǿߡ
ǣһԣ˫ɷУϾǿǵϡȡԹ·ѵߣ˫ɷĳԱ
̽ˣǴƮӦòӵܡϸµϢͲ鲻ˡ磬ͷƺ׼뿪ˣٲ֣ܻᱻߡ϶ӿ˵
Ǿ͸ǣ
϶ߣ֡ϴվ
˫ɷ죬żʮ£ĵ뿪СǴ㣬پԺĪݡȻˣǲڳڶ֡ڳ٣ǸӰ̫ˣúܶԺ󲻸ǵĳ⡣

ԺĪݣ뿪С
ˣ⼸һֱ˼ǣ֮УĪݶԾ˵
ţ֪Եͷ
ӾԵˣΪҲʦǣþԺĪݲ
ʼʱ򣬾ȷʵҲ˹עǺû취ˣȥݣӴ뿪ôݷǰײ˼ۣ̫˷ˡڰ̯ݣҲǾһġ
ЩС󣡡Īһ䡣
ˣǿ϶⡣ǳȥ˵ᱻ½ءӰ峤ǣ˵ҵúܣɱءĪݿ˿˵
˵ǿ϶ᱻ½ء߰ɣȿһЩʲô˵ԺĪݼٷжȥ


1717 
ԺĪ뿪вãǰһӰٷж
˶ס壬Ŀ⣬ӶԷ
λѣ˵ִ󣬶žԺĪݹ˹֣ϴŵ΢Цʺ
סǣкμ̣ʵ
ҪᣬҶԶλûκζ⡣λ֪ܲѾ˫ɷﶢˣԶλԿɲǺ¡˵˵
ʲôˣǱ˫ɷﶢϣʲôϵʵ
ǸǸѶλҪС˫ɷҽܡҽɽɽϲܹܡɽЦЦԼݺ֡
ɽܹܣлѣѾ֪ˡû飬ǾȸˡԹ˹˵
ɽԳɽϲܹܡɽϲ䣬֪ģƮʱӰ˾رԾԽһЩĸǿӰǶصᵽ
ɽϲ䣬ӰǾͶԾᵽֹһΡɽϲ䣬һǳǿ򣬶зǳ˵õӰ
ɽݣ֪˫ɷûйϵȻɽ̫Ĺϸɽϲ䣬ɲá׽磬кܶɽϲĴԣΪɽϲķַͨʽ
ʵҲȷʵˣɽϲȷʵһЩӵǿԺľˣȻɽϲҲһֱϴԼı
ˣҲɽϲ̫ĽӴ
仰˵֮ɽܹһЩ
һɽϲ䣬ɲ˵䵭
λѣѾ˫ɷﶢˡҪ뿪ɲô򵥣˫ɷʵһǺǿġҾãλҪһЩɽϲ䣬ṩҪİֻҪλͣҿԱ֤λ԰Ȼ뿪ɽ˵ԼĿġ
ڳڣԴݣλɽϲܹܣȻע⵽ˡжϣϵԴܶ࣬׾в١
Ⱑ
˱˫ɷﶢϣṩȻװ׵ıҪó㹻ĳͲС˫ɷȻҲһǿ˫ɷȻܸȥɽϲ䡣
Ҳ˵ֻҪɽ;ԺĪ뿪˫ɷֻĿ뿪Ķ
ɽⷬ󣬾˶Է⡣
ЦЦҪɽı
ɽܹܣлĺ⡣ĲҪı˫ɷвҶˡҡҡͷ˵
ǺǡȻˣǾ͵ɽˡλףǺˣɽЦһתߡ
ΪŻ𣿵Ǳ˫ɷɱ󣬺Ҳˡɽбĵ˵
ĪݣҲߡɽ뿪ԶĪ˵
˼ǰС
Լ˰ʱʱ䣬һһ۳ھԺĪݵĺ󷽣ٶȼ졣
ˣһתһҼٽӽеĻۡ
һһۣӦþ˫ɷˡ
ۣܿ͵˽һȺˣӻڷɳ
СӾȻˣ
֪Ҳûãܵõģ
ͷڳڣٻǧöżءǵϣһиľż񾧡
˫ɷĳԱȵĶžԺĪݡ
ӻϣӰ˫ɷϴ϶ǴײεǿߡȻڴУ˵ʵһ㣬һһ״ףһǶ״ס
磬磡
ͷֺЩ˫ɷԱ̹ļ
ǴƮķ򣿡ϴָָ֣ԺĪݡ
磡ûǡͷ򣬸ոմӳгҾͿǡһ˵
˵ˣǴӾö׾Ϊ·ѵļһһʦߡ
Χǣˡϴһ֡
һȺˣŽԺĪݰΧм䡣
ԺĪݣҲûų֣ƽŶԷһȺ˰ΧԼԵĿ⣬һֱڿ˫ɷϴ϶
ϵԴȫɡ鲻ֻҪǹԹϣұһ·˫ɷϴ˫֣žԺ
˫ɷͷ죿ӵ
ٺ٣Сӻеʶϴ˵ͷ
磬СмʶԶﰡƮСӣʶ㡣϶ƨ˵
ϴЦֹ
Ǹ֪ΪʲôҪϵԴԴϴЦ
ţ
Сӣ˵ʲô˫ɷˣƺûԤϵԻô׳յ⡣
ڵѾҪ٣СӣȻΪʲôҪԴ޴ķ
ڶݵ˫ɷһȺˣȫЦ
ͷ򣬻Ǵÿ԰ˡ
Сӣˡ˫ɷϴҪǡǣùԹԴ£ȻǵСɾѱˡϴֺĵ
ǣң۾
ûСӣǾҪ㡣϶ȵ
ðɣȻңҲǡ˫ɷĴˣԹԽǵԴȻӿɾҪɱˡԺȻ̧ȵ
˫ɷˣٴסˣһЩΪԼˡ
ȻˣҪ˫ɷֱ̫Цˣ
磬ͷȻǴ϶˿ϴ
ģɲ˫ɷϴ󣬶˵˫ɷﶼǴ

ŪСӣӸıˣŪǡϴˡ
ʲôϣɵǣ϶
䣡
ɱ
ɵͷ򣡡һʱ䣬ΧסԺĪݵ˫ɷԱһˡ
Īһȣȡͷ͵Ķ˫ɷԱɱ
Щ˫ɷආʵǿҲʦ磬ﵲסĪݵɱϣһͷһգۼĸ
ʱ˫ɷϴ϶ʶԡͷƺô׶Ըġ
˫ɷˣȷʵû뵽ԺĪݻǴ׾ߡ
׽磬ҲЩߣʦ硣׾ߣĺ١һٸߣҲֻһǴ׾ѡ
ټϾԺĪݣҲǴסǴײεǿߣôԹԵĽϹ·أǿǣ׾Ĺ·ѡ
Ϊˣ˫ɷ£ûΪԺĪݵʵǿΪԷҲʦѡһ֣Ǿɵˡ
̶̵ʱڣĪѾɱʮ˫ɷİˡ
ɶ϶ȥסˣȸɵǸСӡϴ϶
ǣ磡϶ûгɣϴ󣬱һ׷˫ɷڵĪݡ
϶סĪ֮İڣ԰׵ɫŻָһЩɷĽĿתƵԵϡ
ҡҡͷ̾һ
ǻˣֻҪǹԹԽԴͿԻŻȥǣϧϧ˵
ৣ
ۣһ̧֣һƬâʱ֡
â𶯣ĺɫ·ӿÿһɫ·ϯһ˫ɷİڡЩĪɱʣµ˫ɷڣһͱ˺Ƭ
ϣ˲Ϣ֮䣬ǳʮ˫ɷİڣûһŵˡ
ʲô
ⲻܣϴһֱԼ۾
ǰĪݳ֣ȷĪһףΪءû뵽ԱĪݸµöࡣ
Īݽֵ϶ҲȻĻͷһۡ
أ
˫ɷĵأüʮ˰ôˣ϶ûЩ˫ɷڱնɱľڵһʱ䣬û뵽ЩѾɵˡ
նɱ˫ɷ֮һ˫ɷϴƽ˹ȥ
ʱϴѾоЩˡԷʵȻԤϡ
ôҲǶ״ףûתܡ𾪣ȴһԿ
СӣŭˣģȻɱô¡Ҳòɵ㣬Ϊҵ±ˡϴģɲǱ˼ǴԾԵʵǲǳԼԼŪߡ
ϴĻ϶һҲ֮һûɱ˼ˣ־½
ûٶ˵ϼֶ
Ӱ磡
֮
ɵƣû˫ɷϴɱȥ
ȻˣҪɵһ״ףսپǾҲóǿֶβСԷǿĹ˫ɷϴҲͱ̣ܵס״ף뵲סԵȫɣҪ˵һ״ˡ

˫ɷϴһҽУâϯȫǡҽ֮ϢѸٵɢһ͸ɵˡ
϶ӸղžһֱڹעԺɱ类һɵ֮һĶŵɱȥӾͽˮˣ
ֻǣߣȻʵĪͻ˺޶־϶ܵķһͷĺϣش϶ûĪݵһͷͳ׵סˣԴͷ˽


1718 ǿ
˫ɷλ׾챻նɱ˫ɷҲͷˡȻڳڣ˫ɷܻһĲдʵƾʣµĲд϶޷ƿҵĳˡ
˫ɷھԺĪݵС
һɱʱǺ̵ܶġȻʱ䲻ȻһЩߵע⡣طвԶʱһЩ߳ûԡĪ˫ɷɱҲСĶһЩ߸Ӧҵ̽Ҳ
һ̽ǾͶˡ
˫ɷλͷ죬һҲպյĴڡ˵еߣûвʶ˫ɷλͷġҲ֪˫ɷ죬Ǵײεǿߡ
ǣףɱˡ
˫ɷ군ˣ
˫̳ǵ˫ɷ
ˣô˴ĵӣ
ǵʵҲǿǸɫ۵ļһɱ˫ɷĴͷ죬ֱӾһͷ죬ôҲǶ״װ
һЩߣеĿɱ̣˵
˫ɷѳ˫̳ǣҲкܳʱˡҲû˶˫ɷɱȴûܳɹһ˫ɷʵͺǿ˫ɷıдɽһ˫ɷӡ
ԺĪݣս򵥵Ĵɨһ£һЩԴ뿪ˡ

ôû
˫̳ǸɽϲܹɽѾһʱ䡣
֮ǰ뾰ԽӴΪдԴûóһʱѣû뵽ֱӾ;ܾˡУҲǲʹ죬͵žԺĪݱ˫ɷ٣Ҳüӵķйһ¡
ã˫ɷ˻
ʲô
˫ɷмʮԱһȥߣѵҲѾɽԼ˫ɷıġ
ɽϲ䣬ǿ˫ɷȻɽ˫ɷǰɽҲҺ
ɽܹܲˣȥ
ûöʱ䣬˾˫ɷɱĵطܸоһЩδƽϢ⸽вδ뿪
Ӧþˣ
˫ɷأ
ûз˫̳ǣѵûɱУȻȥ׷ɱˣȻһȺɽһ
ţһʦǰ
ʦߣһЩʶʶɽȻҲɽ˫̳ǳһĹϵ
ɽˣ߼ɽһ̹ĵͷ
ţ
ţɿ˫ɷ֣ɽޱʵ
ǵģڲ֮ǰ˫ɷ죬һȺ£ǰ治ԶɱߵȻκε˵
أɽʵ
ˣ
˫ɷ˶ˣҲˡ߷·Ȼæ˵ʶɽˣ֪˫ɷȺ˶ˡ
˵ʲôɽ仰۾Բû뵽Ľ
ܿģɽȷ¡ʱ˫ɷȫû߿ɲ٣ԼɱҲ˲˫ɷԱ壬ǸûԴ϶ʬ塣
ˣʲôɽԺ֮УԶֳԺĪݵӰ
ôʱڣ˫ɷȺȫɵļһԲ򵥡Ҫ֪˫ɷ϶ڲе»ɱףһ򲻹϶ߡڵȴǣ˫ɷȫԱһһԶ
˵˫ɷĳԱ׾죬ܶͱɱˡ
˫ɷﱻ£˵󲻴󣬵˵СҲСˡ
䣬˫ɷﻹһڱȻܲں˫ɷĸ񣬿ɾԼһ˴ΪһҲ޶ԡ򹷣Ҳÿˡ
ôʲôȽϢɢȥϲʲôӦɽ
˫ɷﱳϲ䡣
ϲ䣬ǶˡͬΪɽϲ䣬ϲ䣬Ӳ֡
䣬żƾõʷȻ׽磬ϲҲźպ򣬶ϲ֮¡
ΪϲǿһҲҴ⡣ҪȻ˫ɷôܰѳ˫̳أ
˫̳ȻֻһСĳУֻһСͨĳ󷨡£еĴҪѳ˫̳ǡĵطһ˫ɷܹռݵģ


1719 ë
뿪˫̳Ǻ󣬾ԺĪݱһֱڸ·
ˣë벻ϵĽӽ
ë룬ǼڣҲǾԴ˴׽Ŀĵء
˫̳Ǿë룬·;ңԶԺĪݣ˽ӽʮʱ䣬Žëĵ֮ڡ
ȻˣʹڸصĴ󷨵Ļô˫̳ǵëҲǷǳٵġ
ԲŸϵë룬ҲûȥұһЩƵĴͷ󣬶Īݳۣķǰë롣ڷнӽëĹУҲ˷ʱ䣬Լһֱ
ԺĪݶ֪ˣҲһ
վԺĪݣ˫̳ǵ˫ɷ֮뿪Խ飬ǸͲ֪
ɽϲܹɽҵ˼¼һսӰ͸ƳӰ򣬲ҽЩӰ򶼴˳ȥ
ɽϲ俴ӰϲҲӰ򡣲ֹˣĺܶۿһӰҲס˾ԺĪݵò
˵ԺĪǰëĹȥʹô󷨵ĻǵƽͱˡΪǳǰһ·ǼûбţֻһЩٵĵˣЩʵһ㣬Īһ˾ɽһЩ۵ļһ򷢵ˡ
˫ɷĸϲ¶ŭ
ӰеĻ쵰ݺݵĴϲ档˭һζ˴ϲ
ϲ䣬ͷŭҪӰеĻ쵰ʬΡ
ڣЩ֪ԺĪݵ֡ⲻҪֻҪ֪˵òôҵ˵ټ

һգԺĪ˻ۣ󣬽䵽ϡ
Ϊǰëˡ
ëһǳĵطκһǿ
Ҳ˵ëǱͬѳ֡
ںܾǰΪë룬ҲǲϵɱʧĳԱҲûκһܳ׵ռë롣Ϊʧʵ̫Щʼ̸УЭ飬һѳë롣
ë֮ԱдأΪصĴڡ
Ҫ뼫ɲô׵ġǱŸռ֮Ҫ뼫أѶȾ͸ˡ
Ҫ뼫أø㹻׾
ûֻҪ㹻׾κ߶ܽ뼫ءҪȥ˭Ҫó㹻׾ǾŴĳԱҲһġ
Ŵѳë󣬾ͨҪ뼫ص߽׾ơھŴ˵ؾһҡǮ
زʲôıȻγɵһؾŮյֻصȫͬ
뼫ȷʵʱͿռ䷨ױȵá׽вߣͨ뼫ŽʱͿռ䷨Բľ硣
һ㣬ֻصƣÿһߣֻܽһμһΣͲٽڶΡȻȻγɵһؾҲ޷ıĹ
׽磬صɷǳ޴󡣵ǣҪ뼫Ҫó׾ȴ˴󲿷ֵĴ׾ˡ
󲿷ֵĴǿߣòô׾
ԺĪ˽ë룬ûκεƺûʲô
ҲǣëǾŴְѳֵĵط˭£Լˣ
ëڲʵҲǱȽϻҵġŴﶼûоԵĻȨ͵طõ
ɱëʱз
Խëڲ󲻾ãۿߵֲɱһɱһ߱ɵաɱƨɣֱӾתˣûκεĳͷ
þԣëڲҲ˸˽⡣
طû㹻ʵþǼβˡʱܱ߸ɵ
ˣ
Ѿëģصھǰ档۾΢΢
⸽ʵǿ߼࣬ʱĻܿײεߡ
վܿǰһĴĹ㳡
㳡ϣд̯λ
Щ̯λУкܴһ֣Լһ̯λȽ֡ΪЩ̯λûаڷųκԴһ̯λڳ̯ҪһЩԴġЩ̯λϣȴտҲֻ̯λ棬վŻһߡ
̯λ룬һľľϹһ鲼һЩ֡
߽һЩ󣬾ͿЩϵ֡
˼
Щ̯λȻǽίģ


1720 ׬һ˵
׽ߣԵҩ̶ȱ߻Ҫߵö࣬׽Ļʺйأ㹻࣬һЩԵͼȻͺܶˡþԶŪǣ׽ĵʦĲࡣ˶ĲϿʹãɵʦȥЩ˷˼
˵ôݲϣʥʦԱҪöࡣڵ츳ڵĵʦΪû㹻ĲϰһӶ޷ﵽʥʦĲΡ
㳡ϣȥǳַЩίƵҩ̯λƺҲʱһЩǰѯʡ
ԴĪݣҲһ̯λ֮ǰ
̯λ棬ɫ۵߸о˹΢̧Ƥɨ˾һۡ
Ҫ𣿡ɫߣĮʵ
̬˵䵭һ߸ϲһļơ
Թ˹֣ûԷ䵭̬ȡ
ʣܷƾƵ굤Կѯʡ
Ƶ굤Ҳһֶ񵤡ȻˣƵ굤涹׵ȫȵġ̶ȣѶȣ߶һεġ
ʦƳƵ굤ֵҩһʹý϶ࡣʵϵ͵𣬵ҲʹãЧڡ
Ȼˣ׽˵Ƶ굤ҲǱȽϡĵҩʵǿʦܶʱ򶼻ʹþƵ굤Чһ㣬Ҳùûá
׽ʦǶӦĵΡ
СһƵ굤Ϸȷʵܹơݲϣʮö׾Ϸɰһ¯ʮȡߡɫߴ˵
ɫߣһʦ
ݲϣʮö׾ãҲ̲סզࡣ
ݲϵǺ˵ʮö׾Щˡң⻹ֻһ¯ķáһ¯ܹɵţԷҲû˵
ңҪȡҪʮ꣡
ôϷҪĶ𣿺ߣϷԸ㣬ȡЩúϷа˳ɰܽҩɫ۵ʦžָζһ¡
˳ɰգɫһڡ
ݲϣʮö׾һ¯Ƶ굤Ȼֻа˳ɵİƳɹ
ڣǹڣ
ʱ򣬾ԲʶԼ֮ǰƮʱΪӰϲϲ䶼ƴԼƵҩˡʱȡķãǰġڿȡķǵ͵ùˡ
ߣ͸Ͻɫ۵ʦͷĺǳ
ԲеŲںһһ˿͡
죬ٴι˹֣ת߿
˷Ϸ࣡
ת߿󣬱󻹴ɫ۵ʦüҲûԷ˼
Īݣ׬ȡ׾뼫ؿţв̵ʱ䣬Ǿͳʱ䣬׬һ׾ԶߵĪ˵
˵׽˭ܼ׾ǹ𣿶ˣҪ뼫Ҫһ׾ȷʵҪ׬ȡһЩ׾СĪһЦ˵
ţǾͽ̯λڳҲίˡԵ˵ͷ
㳡ܴ󣬲Խǿλã̯λԽܼȻԽӽҲǼصڣӰҲԽࡣ
һЩʱ䣬ԺĪݣҵһյء
󣬱˻Ի̯λš
̯λ棬Īվھߣ͵Ź˿ˡ
ʱһȥ
ʱһʱʱ
Щסˣⶼȥ˼ʱȻһǰѯʵ߶ûСٿ̯λʱľǰеĴίУеûдίСɾԻ̯λȴѯʵ˶ûС
ô£
ЩҪҩߣѵԼί̯λ
ǣԼ̯λλȻǺܺãôռҲСҳƣҲĿ
Īݿһɻ󣬿˵ˣҪߺߺȣ
Գһ£ҡҡͷ
ⲻҲҲвߵĿɨǵ̯λǲѯʡΪ̯λûκɣҲ˵ȫǵԷ˵
Բ²⣬ȫȷȷʵвע⵽˻Ի̯λǸͲոðѹû˵֡ЩߣԼú̯·
ٵȵȰɣ
ֻҪеһˣԺͻˡżǼȡ԰ڰ˵һ䡣
ֻҪй˿ţίǽӦþͼ򵥵öˡ

С㣬ҪҩαҵʦأǲʦֻҪ㷢ǸҲæ𣿡
Ӱ뼫ع㳡Ůӣһ˵


1721 ͼС
ŮӣᣬòԵüᡣȻǵϢҲ
˵ŮӵӦһСһŮ
ʦ
ߺߣǰæʦأҲŲ뿴ǵɫɫȹŮӣ˵
С㣬ǲʦͼʦǺǿġЩʦһܰѵҩƳɫȹŮü˵
ȻЩʦ
ȹСӣƺǲڵʦӶȽϴ󣬼ȥæҪɫ
ȿ˵ʵڲУͻȥͼʦɣȹŮӴҪڼع㳡ˡ

ͼС㣡
ͼϲͼС㣬ͼϲ峤֮Ů
봫һͼС㣬ǾɫŮ
ÿûͼС𣿡
λŮӽ뼫ع㳡󣬶ʱһƬ궯
еͼСǰߣԶÿһ·һ˫˫Ŀ⣬͵͵ĴͼС㡣Ȼ͵͵ĶǵӱȽϴߡЩСߣɲҶͼС㿴
λͼС㣬ʵͬСɣǸףͼϲ峤ͼϲҲǰĳ
ͼ诵Ҳܴĸͼǲ峤кܴһò
кܴһΪͼСһˡ
ͬʱͼ诵츳ҲǸĳɫ˵вʮ꣬Ѿ̤׾硣
ͼСŮһ·ǰߣޱĿŸһ̯λٽί̯λ̯ĿƵĿͼС㣬͵ͼС߹ίԼ
ͼС㣬ƺЩ̯λ⣬˵ǶЩ̯̫⡣߹δκһ̯λ̯нӴ
Ի̯λͼС㣬˾Ե̯λ
ȷе˵ǿ̯λľԺĪݡȻҪھԵϡ
һ̶˵ȷʵȽעĿ
ί̯λ̯һ϶һѵϼһһЩòϿᣬǵϢҲ޷ı䡣һȺʦ֮Уǳ͵ġ
ͼСΪΪǵʦǾߵĪݡҲ򵥣Īվŵģŵġ
ͼСŮԻ̯λ֮ǰ
Ҳ˫Ŀ΢ЦͼС㡣
ͼСۣԵȻõ֪ͼǴͷĴĴվԼ̯λǰҲ΢΢Щ
̯λһֱûŰ
λС㣬Ҫί𣿡º͵ʵ
ţ㶼ʲôҩأͼС뾰Զһۣ֪ΪʲôһѪӿĸоѩ׵Ĳ΢΢˺ɫ
û˵ԼҪʲôҩѯʾܹʲôҩ
Ҳ̫žԵ˽һ¿
ƵĵҩɾͶˣһʱȫ˵λС㣬ңҪʲôҩеĵҩֻҪṩϣӦöƵġЦе˵
ţͼߵŮԵĻ˷˵
ǺǣҿɴţЦ˵
ߣ˵ţͼϲͼʦ˵ִ󻰡
С㣬ȥ̯λɣһһûʲôŮǶ˾һ䣬ֶԼСͼ诵
С裬ȱ˵λʦ̸̸ͼ诶ŮС˵һ䡣
пԡ
Ҫ覵𣿡ͼĿУһ˿
˵Ҫ覵һֱȽټĵҩ׽磬ư覵ĵʦܶࡣڣҵܹƴ˵ĵʦ
ͼô˵ȻйѾԵ˼֮ǰ˵Ĵ󻰣ҲͼΪڴţû˵ӦôΪġ
Եģšķݲϣʮö׾ҪķãԺɵľ˵

ʲô
ͼС㣬ŮС裬Ȼû뵽һھͻӦ
ͼ读ž˵ƣȻ΢ļҼءҪ뾰Ϊѡ
ɾԣȴֱӦԥûС
ڶݵĳԾͼСȴĿУҲһĨ⡣˵ԼƣôǼҼҲˣ˵ίоһЩ򵥵񵤣þ׬һЩԴɾӦͼЩˣþƭԼ
СǲǷˣ
ͼС㣬Ҳƭ֪ǰվŵˣʲô𣿡
ë룬ڲƭͼСԴѰ·ߣΪƭȡͼСԴܰȻ뿪ë𣿡
һС쵰ͲʲôöһƬ


1722 
ͼ诵̯λ֮ǰø˶ԾԲ˶ʼɵ
ڣڲƭͼС㣬ŭˡ
ҲоͼĿ֮ת⣬֪Է˼Լ
ЦЦҲûж͡
ȷư覵ͼ诵ࡣ
ȷԵͷ
жİգɹƳ覵ͼʵ
ٷ֮һٵİգ˿ûԥն˵
ʲôͼΪԼˡ
ȷʵžƳ覵ѾΪڲƭԼԼú󣬴˿װģһȻԼҩʧܡ
ɴʱԷȴ˵ٷְܳɹƳ覵
ͼһ£ܵˣһҲ¶ı顣
֪ڲƭҵ³ҿԸ㣬ǻܲҡƭңô޷뿪ë롣ڣԼ޷ư覵Ҳ׷ͼСһٴ˵
ƺȷʵԾһЩøУʱ򣬶һᡣ˵ˣֻҪԳԼư覵Ͳȥ׷
λС㣬Ҫίư覵ôóķݲϺͶʮö׾ȻʱȡҸղž˵ˣҿԱ֤覵ƳҲһ䣬һ¯ҩٻɵš΢Ц˵
ԵĻͼҲ˻
ûٶ˵ֱӱȡķư覵ҪĲϣ⸽ʮö׾
վھߵĪݣʱǰӹͼóĸֲϺ׾
˵ʱ䣬ҾõŰ覵𣿡ͼ诶žԵ۾ʵ
ûԵͷ
ãôٹҲò㣬ٴμ֮ǰòҪͼ뿪ë롣ͼ诵ϣһɵѹͷų
Ϊͼϲ峤Ůͼ诵ȻҲѰܱȡʱλߵϣҲǷǳϬġ
ֻѹԾԸûκЧͼ诵Ļ󣬾΢΢ͷ
Ŀͼ诺СŮ뿪
һĿ⣬ȻھԵϡЩĿ⣬ɱ⡣
Сӣˣ
ƭͼС㣬оҲģư覵ƾ㣿ƳǺǣ㵽ǲʦ
С˵ôϻˣȵ죬Сضύ
ţܲڿʼﲻ֪ж˫۾ᶢ
һЩˣżĸڳ辰ԡ
ҲûӦЩˡ
ԶĪݽһ̯߳λ
Ȼû뿪㳡㳡ܵһ֮ǰ
㳡вٵĽһЩרõ
㳡ϣôί̯λÿ춼дίеʦЩʦȻҪĵطƵҩܲڹ㳡ϵưɣ
Ȼ˵൤ʦƶռ䡣ǣҪڹ㳡Ͻƶռ䣬Ŀ֮£ǿɲǺ顣ǾԣҲϣ߿ԼǬ硣
㳡ϰ̯ǲҪκηõġҪʹù㳡ܵĽҵȣǿɾҪ֧ʹ÷ˡ
ЩרõĽҲǱŴֱӿƣΪŴԴԴ׬ȡƸ
Ҫһʹõķãһһö׾ãǷǳˡ
һö׾Ȼȡһƣһ֣ԿԽӦֵʱ䣬һꡣ
һʱ䣬Գ»ص˻Ի̯λĪݴһкλͼСȡ
Сӻˣ
ߺߣһῴθͼСһ
òҩò覵Сɾûˡ
ܵߣһЩ̯λ̯ĶžԡǶԾԻûо⡣Ϊ֪Ȼ뿪̯λȴû뿪ع㳡

С㣬ư覵𣿶ң˵Ƴɹİǰٷְ١ߣͼûаٷְٰհɣСü˵
ͼ诳Ĭû˵ʲô
С㣬Ǹò覵᲻ɱҪ˵ɱ̫ˡСһ׺ݵı˵
һȻ֪ǲ˵ˡƭңҶˡͼתĿһŮ˵
ˣܿٴν뼫ع㳡ͼ诵Ŀ⣬ܿ˾ԵĻԻ̯λ˸һ¡
С㣬㿴ǼһһڵӡѾƳɹ覵ˡС跭˷ָָۣԡ


1723 㳡
ͼ诺С裬Ե̯λ֮ǰ
Сˡ۾΢Цк
ίƵĵҩƳ𣿡ͼ诵һ˫ĿĶžԡ
ʱͼҲûãȷԼƭγͷԡ
ҲƳŰ覵ֱȡƿȵݸĪݣȻĪתͼ诡
Īݵݹƿͼסˡ
Ϊȫû뵽
ôܣһôƳ覵һɹƳŰ覵
ڣЩɫĶʦͼ课Լ㲻ȫʶҲ˵ǣӡûһʦ
С㣬쿴ⵤҩǲǼٵġСͼ诡
ͼŷӦƿϸıϲ鿴Ϊ˲⣬ƿڵĵҩ˳ÿһŵҩķһЩʱϸȷϡ
ĽĳԾ
Ű覵ûκε⡣ŵҩƷʣǳ֮ߡƷʵĵҩֵǺܾ˵ġ
˵ķݲϼ϶ʮö׾õŰ覵ǳĻ㣬˵׬˲Сĺôһ֤ʾҪŵҩÿһŵҩʮö׾
ͼɵˣЩߣҲľЩʦӶҪɳ°Ͷ㾪
ǻſϷԱɱȴû뵽ó˰覵óš쾰˵ģٻɵţóţ
㡭Ȼư覵С˵ˡ
ǺǣȻ覵ֲ̫ƵĵҩЦŰڰ˵
ͼ˼ƽԵĿ⣬ٴη˱仯
λʦ֪γƺͼ诣Թ˹֡
־ͲҪ˵˰ɣС㻹ҪҩȻίơãͦеġԵ
ҽͼ诣ͼϲԱ֪ʦԸⲻԸͼϲ䣿ͼ£ԡ
ʱκܱǸҡͷ
ûϵ
֪ʦܷ涹׵ͼʵ
涹׵еĶ񵤡򣬶ûʦܹƳ
ͼ˵涹׵ڳ൤ʦһЩʦ֮УҲһܹ涹׵ġ
涹׵
ֵҩѶЩ󣬱Ȱ覵µöࡣԣȡķãԻһЩͼѯ涹׵еϲõúܡ
ֻҪƣûġͼ˵
ķݲϣһö׾Զһ£һá
ܹ涹׵ͼĿתʡ
ǵģơ밵覵һҿԱ֤ƳɹٳɵšԵ˵ͷ
һö׾ķãȥȷʵǳˡͼ˵һö׾Ҳʲô
˵׽磬һö׾ķݲϣܹ涹׵ʦƵҩ⼸ǲܵ顣
Եշѣ˵Ѿܵˡ֮ǰư覵ȡʮö׾һܵ͵ļ۸
οԿǱ֤Ƴɹٳɵš
ͼһμûʲôɣ㽫Ϻһö׾¡
ʦһΣҪȶãͼ诽Ϻ׾ݸĪݺʵ
ʱ䣬Сȡ΢Ц˵
һΣع㳡ˡ
һʱ䣬ƺ˽㡣죬ûκžư覵ǽ죬ԾóŰ覵ͼС㡣
ȻˣڣҲвΪԲƳ涹׵Ϊóİ覵ƳģеģֻڽóͼСˡ
ֻǻ̬ȵˣ޷Ū죬Ըô졣óŰ覵ǺѰ쵽ʸʦпóҪó涹׵ɾˡһ涹׵ֵͳһö׾
ǿһö׾
һЩոսĴףֻ¶òһö׾ο涹׵ǿĶ񵤡

ë룬һǳɵĽڡ
ͼϲӵСͼϲ峤ʱڽڡͼϲ峤Ҳë봦һЩ顣ͼ诣Ǹ游׹ġ
诶˵ڼع㳡еʦ涹׵ͼϲ峤һĸߴӣͼ诵˵
ǵĸףѾίһ¯涹׵˵죬Ҿȡͼ诵ͷ
һ涹׵ʦϵشԣͼҲһʱ¡


1724 
ͼ诽Լίоư覵һ£Ҳϸĸס
һʱڣƳһ¯覵УЩ⡣ͼϲ峤ҡͷ
ףҲư覵˵һƳɹǣȥȡóŰ覵ҶǸƷʵĵҩ覵ȻĵҩһöҲֵʮö׾ͼ˵
ͼ诵˼˵ǰ׼˰覵ôҲ̫һ㡣Ű覵ȥʮö׾ϰǵʦαȫⱾҪ֪ʦһ¯覵ֻȡʮö׾ķá
ͼϲ峤ȴЦ
ŮƯŮ֮һͼϲ峤۾ͼ诡
ͼ΢΢һ㶣׹ϸһĨ֪׵˼˵ǸʦпΪ׷Լų²ߡ
ȹעһ°ɣ֮˵ǵʦܹư覵ҲһʱƳɹ涹׵Ǿ͸һƳˡͼϲ峤ڰ֡
ǣסͼ诵ͷ˳˷䡣
Ůᵽĵʦͼϲ峤ͼɭû̫ϡίʵǣЩ췽ҹ̷ˡ
˵ͼϲڲͼȶʦһ¯ҩȲ˵ɹʣͨĶ񵤣ҲҪµʱ䡣
һһ¯ҩⲻڸЦ
һȥ
ԴصԼ̯λ֮ǰ
עԵߣɾͶˡӾԳĿһֱžԡеʦͨߡ
ЩߣʱĶԾָָ㡣
Īݣί𣿡Īݡ
ѯʵģûȷҪίġĪݻӦ
ǻǲŰûϵӦûкܶǡЦЦҲ⡣
ܿģͼСŮС
ͼ诣ɫ֮УǴЩȲ
߹ֱӾʵʦίƵ涹׵𣿡
С鿴ҩԻ֣ƿɵͼСǰ
ͼ诣ѹеļӹƿʱͼ诣ҲܸӡЩڴЩԼʧίоƵģ涹׵˵׽֮һÿһöֵһö׾
ͼСӹƿʱĿ⣬Ҳƿ֮ϡһЩۣҲȻгˣڵȴͼС֤涹׵Ǽ١
ͼ说ƿڴʼ
һţ
ڶţţ
ŵҩͼ诵һģúܾҡͼǲ峤֮ŮҲѾ̤׾硣ɴʱȻƲס顣
˫Ŀ⣬žԡ
涹׵ûκ⣬ǸƷ浤İ覵һԶǸƷʵҩ
ͼС㣬涹׵Ǽٵ𣿡
ʱһ׷ԲԵʦ߽ͼһЩѯʵ
ʦҲбȽϴǿȻƲ涹׵ġ
ŵҩǸƷ涹׵ͼ诵ͷӦʦ
˻˻~
ΧһƬһĿ֮ɫ
ٿԵĿ⣬ѾǷ˾޴ı仯Ҫ˵ǰ׼Ű覵Ҳ̫ѵ飬Ҫǰ׼涹׵ɾͲһˡǴײεߣ˭ó涹׵
ͼԼڴ֮ǰҲû涹׵ͼϲǿڲ涹׵ҲǼٵġͼȻ峤֮ŮƽҲʹüϡе涹׵
ʱߣžǷǳǿʦ
ͼСĽƿ
֣صĶԾԹ˹˵ʦڵϵšͼҲ޷¼ĵʦ
ͼ诵УԵ𾴡
ͼСˡԲ˵
ʦҿԼί涹׵һЩϡͼ诺ܿ˵
Ȼԡ̯λǽίġԵͷ˵
ͼٴó˷涹׵ҪʹõĲϣͬʱжö׾á
ĪݽЩ
ͼС㣬һΣҪһЩʱˡӦûһЩѣҪίƵҩһһЩίУȥƵҩԴǸͼ诽һ䡣
ûϵҿԵȣżͼ˿⡣
涹׵׾򵽵Ķ񵤡Ϊ˵õ涹׵һЩʱ䣬ȷʵʲô


1725 
ͼûжයٴίо̾뿪˼ع㳡
Ҫȥף̸߸¡
㲻ܽ£ͼϲ䣬Ҳһʲôһ涹׵ĵʦͼϲ˵̫ҪˡȻ˵ĵʦκһ˵ǳҪ
ʦίһ¯涹׵һ׾ߣ߳ȺվھԵĶ档
УѾķݲϺһö׾˳
ȴҡҡͷ˵ҿԽίУһ¯涹׵Ҫ֧ķݲϼ϶ö׾
ʱԥˡ
ķݲһö׾ã̫ˡ
ͼίȡãΪǰûκε⡣Ϊ˴гԲѹշѡڣȻ˳շˡ
˵ʲôԵĻɫʱһ䡣
ղ㻹ֻҪķݲϣһö׾ڣҪö׾ߴżȵĲ
ǺǣҲ͡յø߲ߣʵӦúǮҵʦ涹׵Ա㡣Եͳ˵
ɶңɫѿ
ô⣬Ҳû취Բں˵
ɷͼСίֻȡһö׾ҪƺЩ˼ɣѹŭ
˭æ涹׵
ڼع㳡ϣҵ涹׵ĶʦǣЩʦԲᱣ֤ɹ
׽ݲȻȽ϶࣬涹׵ҪݣҲǺٵġͼСҲǰֻóʮ涹׵Ĳϡ
ͼС㣬ǵһίߣȻŻˡˣίУɷáίУÿ԰ڰ֡
ʱߵĺ棬в˶ԾԾԡȻҲкܶ˶ԾշѲ˲øߡ
ðɣǾ鷳ʦˡߣòٴȡһö׾Ƕö׾һ𽻸Īݡ
һº󣬾Բٴ׼
һµʱίоߣһʮˣίƶʮ¯񵤡ȡķã⣬Ǳһ涹׵ȡö׾覵ȡʮö׾ȡ
շѷһίоȻܶࡣ
Īݣ㿴̯λȥʱ䣬ҾͻԶĪݶһ䡣
˷ġĪӦ
ԴŴĲϣ֮ǰ͹ʹʱ
һΣžԵ֮߱ǰöࡣίоЩˣ޲ۿž˵ףǻ¾ԴŲϺ׾·
¾ѾóŰ覵涹׵Ȼкܶ˶ԾԴǡ
ʱҴҶ
תۣ¹ȥ
ʱԽһֵҩ˳Ұίеߣһһķá
һΣóôĵҩӦȫЩĹ˰ɣڣǬ¯˵һ䡣
Ӱһ뿪ٻصع㳡ϵ̯λ
һ֣Ⱥʱ߱㶼һʱΧЩίоߣԲ۾žԡ
ʦίƵľƵ굤ƺˣ
ҵ渦Ƴɹ𣿡
ЩߣȲˡ
λҪż֮ǰί˳һὫҩȫ͵λеġ΢һ䣬Щ߲Ŷ
Խƺõĵҩȡ
渦ţ
İ覵ţ

Īݽһݷݵҩϵ͵ίС
Щߣڿҩ󣬼ֱҪˡ
žóЩҩڴ֪ҩȫû⣬Ƕۺˡһߣ໽ӿ˹Ҫǰ棬ίо
Ըˣ˲ˡ
̯λ̯ɾͺˣ޵һĿ⣬޲ð˾ԵƤ
ԴˣԾ͵û׬׾Ҫ
ǰ죬ίо߼ࡣί߲
һգͼԻ̯λ֮ǰԣ涹׵ͼ诡
ʦҵĸףҪһ棬֪Ƿʱ䣿ͼµҩ֮º͵˵

֪ͼ诵ĸףͼϲ峤ͼϲ䣬Уǰһޱǿ
ҪԼǼǲأ
󣬾Ի˵ͼС㣬˵һë룬Ǵ뼫صġҿҴӼسȥɡ


1726 ŭ
ͼ诲δǿԡ
ͼϲ䣬ֽþԵ˼һǰ£ȻΪѾþԶͼϲ⡣
ʦҾ͵ӼسͼСôһ仰ŮС뿪˼ع㳡
С㣬˵ʦϢᣬͿ϶ôôôǿͼȲ
ͼСС뿪ع㳡Сһ˵
Ҳ֪֮ǰҲδ˵һλʦҸ˵˺ܿʥʦͼ˵
ʥʦС
׽磬ʥʦϾһ˵׽ʷϣйʥʦļأǼʦߣҲˡľŴƶˣӦöδۼʥʦ
Ȼڴһǲ²⣬ȷԾʥʦ
һ㣬Լߡڼع㳡ԵѾò˶ãë붼֪ԵĴڡ
ͼϲ뾰ȽӴҲ뾰ӴȻҲһЩ鷳

ڼع㳡֮ίоƵҩ֮
һΣ˰ʱ䣬ٴν
ĿǰΪֹ׬ȡ׾Ѹߴö֮࣬һޱȾ˵֡
ôһ׾һ뼫صӦǴ´ˡ
Īݼίк󣬾뿪̯λ
һȻµʱȥ
һ죬ع㳡ߡߣȫǴײΡΪ׵ģһ״ס
˽뼫ع㳡˲ٵĿ⡣˿ˣ¶η֮ɫԶԶġ
ˣֱԻ̯λ֮ǰ
λҪίƵҩ𣿡Īݶ˹˹֡
ʱĪݵɫҲءо߲ƣί߲һңϵϢǴײΡΪ׵ˣĪһּѹֵĸоĪ֪Ϊ׵ʵ϶ԼһΡ
̯λ̯أΪ߷˷۾ʵ
ƵҩλҪί˵˳һתǵ˼Ī˵
ߣһʲô̯˵һһ֣ԵĶĪݺ
Ѿ˵ˣܱšĪĿҲڳŭ⣬ܶ϶쵰鷳ġ
ϣ㻹ͦġ
Թ̯λ̯ǿǰ
ǣߣ̯λǲǼšһһ˵
λĪݿҪ̯λæͬʱʵ
Ҳʲôˣʲôݡˣǣǿɾ͹ֲˡ
ߣҪǲ̯λҲУ㹻ıѣˣǵǿԷŹһ
콻׾ȫӿĪѹȹȥ
Ի̯λ鷳ˣ
ǰˣǶҵģ
ţȷʵǶҵġԻ̯λöҲˡ
ҲΪѾǾްԼĴڡع㳡кüҵʦµ̯λǸԻ̯λǵ⣬ǿ϶
ҵˣɲöԸǾŴܶʱ򶼵øӡ
ίлԻ̯λƵĵҩûõء
ҲǰҵˣҪ˻Ի̯λóĲϺ׾Ǻܿòˣ
һЩίоδüȡߵҩߣЩżˡżҲû취ǿɲ붫ҶԿǶң

λ֪ѣҪ׾Īӣѹŭ
ѹŭҲУ˶ǴףһʵǿǷ쭣ǽȻһһ˵סԷ
Ͷ𣿡
Ƚ·һЩˡţһΣǧö׾ˡΪ׵ߣЦЦ˵
ǧö׾ܻˡ
̯λ̶ʱھ׬ȡǧö׾ءڣֻȡǧö׾ıѣʴˡ
óǧö׾˲ϱȡ
ĪǷŭ޳֮ȡһڣǧö׾
ܵڶߣҵˣҪԻ͵̽ǧö׾ΪѣҲ̲סһⶫҵˣҲ̫ˡ
ǧö׾һЩȽǿĴףһó˶׾
ع㳡֮⣬ߣ۾ǰ
֣ǧö׾ɫߣתĿɫ۵ߣ˵һ䡣
ţǧö׾ֻǳȡıѰˡԻ̯λ̯ͬѰ̶һʱϸ׬ȡ׾Ӧһö׾ҶңֻҪǧö׾Ҳ׬ȡ׾һˡɫ۵ĶҶһΪԿǵı顣
Ҷڣǿʦ֮һעԺͻԻ̯λѾһʱ䡣Ի̯λ׬ȡ׾ۺ졣
ȥԻ̯λȡѵߣǵõ˶Ҷ⡣
֣ѵûмɵ𣿡ɫҡͷ
ɵ˵ͼϲ䣿ҶĿһתǷһĨЦ
ĵʦûͼϲжܹϵɣûͼϲ䣬ҶҪɵ𣿡Ҷ˵
ͼϲ䣬ȷʵҲö̫ɵǣҲ˵ˣʦᡣ㲻ãĵʦ˿ֲıѵûʲô𣿡˵
һ㣬ҵҲпǡңһܹͨ鱨ûҵ˸ϢҵǷˣСӣϲ䣡ҶЦ˵
ϲ䣿һ㶡
ţ˫̳ǵ˫ɷ︲ˣ֪ɣҶ
˵ˣ˵İ֣߳˫ɷߵͷ
ţѵ˫ɷߣǡȻ뵽ʲôԾ˵
ûȷʵˡڵǸᵤʦˡ̯λģֻһʹӡʹӣҲһײߡֻǺͨĴ׶ѡܹ˫ɷ֤ǸᵤʦʵԶԶʹӡ
ֻǣǵϲ䣬ʵǿֻҲȫˡҶЦ
˵ˣҲûдȫ׾ֻǣҪ׬ȡһ׾ѡùԹԽɱѡҶ˵
ɫߣĬ

λЩˣĪѾѹŭʱĿŭҲסˡ
ǲˣ
ˣ̯λƲԳԷƣ
Ȼٶ˵ˣҲּۻۡĪݱ̬ȲóҪıѺǾͶˡ
̯λĪݵȻҪֹ
⼫ع㳡ϣһɱʼˡĪݻӶָҫ⸫߾ȫֵǣȻסֻǺʱ䣬Ѿ˻ˡ
Ī˻
ȸɵһɣ
ţɱȻǸ˳
˲ϳֹĪݡ
ܵߣ˵ԶһЩԭȽϽӽԻ̯λ̯λʱЩ̯ҲԶܶĪݵɱ
ĪݵȻǿᣬҲסһ״׺һ״׵ֺ
ţ
ڵľԣо
ĪʹӣʱԼġҲ˵Ī뾰ڤڤѾһϵĪݱΧܵشܸӦҲ
ô£
˶Īݶ֣üͷһ壬ɫ
νܵίкܶ࣬ھδƽԸоĪݺʲôɱҲܼȥˣȥ˵ھԵĸӦĪݵϢңжûĪӦ˺ˡ
һǿ
ǰղһӲĻϣȻûֱӱҺɱһһ״ף޷ƾסһơ
ߣǿҲûãҲǶ໨һЩʱˡ
ˣ콫ɱϣҲкܶݲϺ׾
Īݵϣȷʵдݺ׾һʱ侰ʱĪݴ澰½ܵίǰȡķá
ĪݣصĴϢš
ҫ⸫ƣᶶšƣȷʵѾء磬ڱ֮Сסˡ
ˣҲûߣȻŻԻ̯λĪݣҲûԮʵϣĪݶԮͷûô
ಣ
ԳٷֽԻ̯λ
׾ߣΧɱĪݵʱ򣬾ԵҲˡӦĪݵϢڼټʱ䵱ˣĪݻڷĵֵԷɱ
ס֣һŭȡ
ԵӰڻԻ̯λվĪݵǰ
Եĳ֣öߵĹʱֹͣ
ǺǣСڳˣ
һΪŵø¶ͷء
ҲãСӣͦˣǧö׾ǲ˸ûѾԷ


1727 Ƕ
ߣӸµžԡ
ԱĿ⣬ɨĪݡ
ĪݣԷͳĺ
ĪݣûκλӦ
æߵĪߡ
ɶ񣡡Եϣ˪ɡ
ĪȻվţվƣʵѾԹȥˡһλ׾ǿߣȻˡԸӦĪݵڱҲڿ߽⡣
Ϊ˵һ̶ȣĪףĻԲѡɼԣվһˣڶߵǰ
Ļ쵰ĪĿѡ
ĪݣʱĿܡ
룬Ա͵ıһǿںУ͸Īݵ塣
⣡ԵȣĿо
ھԵŬ֮£Īݵ壬ɢٶȿʼ
ԼֶЧæ߶ͬʱСԼ
Īݵƣʵ̫ˡȻǿҲסһ״׺һ״ֹǾԳַӡסĪݵ壬ôĪݿܻһʱΪ峹ɢ䡣
ֶЧ˵ҲΪĪԼ˵һڤڤеϵϵǼڵľԣҲ޷ֹĪɢ
ֻҪĪݵ岻ɢôٿӻĪݵþиʱ䣬ѰҾĪݵİ취
ֹһʱ䣬ڽĪɢӡȶĪݵ磬Ҳƽ
ȷû󣬾ԲŽĪ뵽Ǭ֮ڡ
ʱ򣬾ҲȷĪǷܻȻʱסĪݵɢϾʱģԼ޷֤ܹסáǼ꼸ǧ꣬Ҳֻмµʱ䡣
תٴο򶫷ҵߣĿеɱ⣬Ƿڡ
ˣҪĪݵԴʱ֪˵ݣҲܲ³˰Ե£϶ŷͬһı۶ԷʲôԶŹˡ
ƺҲԵĿסһʱû˵ǻָʱҲŭˡײεǿߣҵĳϣȻһĵʦסˣд
Сӣ˵ĻûУΪ׵Ķ״ȵ
ʶ㣬ԹԽǧö׾ıѡ򣬱ֺڡһ˽˵
ǺǣѣǼɱĪݣȻҪѣŭЦ
Īݣ˵Ǹʹӣɱѵ㻹Ϊ𣿡״ЦһͺһܺЦЦ
ˣ֪ǵʦݣڵǿһЩԸ㽻ãȴǡСӣǲǣԺͱùˡ״׳Զ˾Եӡ
Ȼˣǧö׾ֻǳڵıѶѡƳĵҩ࣬㻹ҪɱѡˣҪ˷ʱˣ׾״ײͷĵ
ʱߣҲڴ⾰Ի᲻϶ҵˡ
ʦơܻ֪ǰʲôݡǣ򶫷ҵĳϣ޷Ȼɽڣûաڣ̰ɡ˸ԴҲǺ⡣
ԵȺһɨҵ˴ԼߣֻһʦС
ջĿ⣬ٿ򶫷ҵˡ
ǶҵˣԵ
ףȻ֪ǵݣеʶ
Ȼ֪ǵݣǾ͸˵ϻˡҪôϣҪô㡣ȫںһЩߵĿ⡣
ңô磡
ߣǶңΣգҪȻ񱩶
ϼھԵС
˲Ϣ֮䣬Եսһֲĳ̶ȡ
һɨ
ۣ
ҵУһһ״ף嶼ɲǼ仯ΪһѪ
̫ǿˡ
ֻһͽһһ״ףɳһѪˮУѪζ
ҵߣûзӦǲʱ֮УѾһˡǣȷʵû뵽ͻȻɱ֡ǾãԼȻ֪ǵݣһٶ֡
Ȼˣ֮ǰҲ¾Գ֡㾰ԶΣףѵһᵤʦɣ
뵽һ֣еһ
ܵߣҲȫˡǺܶˣ⾰Ի᲻ύǧö׾ıѡˣþԻʹӼɱҲò


1728 Σ
˾þԿܲύô߰ıѣϾǧö׾ٲˣҲû뵽Ի֣һ־նɱһҵĴ׳ϡ
ߣ۾ֱˡ
ԣδΪɱһ߶ͣӶϼڶҵߡ
ŵߣˡʱ˿̣ǲʶԵʵжôǿᡣ
ס֣
ھԼʱһ
ţӰڳУһ˳ֵס˾ԵĲϼֵˣǶҶ
ҶڶڣλߡǿʵͬڡȻҲ״ףʵҪƮϲ峤ھųǸΡ
ھųеʵ״еȣҶʵ״ϵһΡ
Ҷɫѿ
ҵĴ׳ϣ֮£ջԻ̯λıѡҶ֪Եʵǿ˫ɷӦþھСˣһֱڼع㳡ԿֹܻҵˡгʱֹԻɱҵˡ
ˣڸʱ򣬶Ѿһ׳ϡ
Ǹߣ۾ҲžԡԵʵȷʵ׺״׵ս
ҲǶҵģԿŶҶɫ䡣
ûϷ򶫷ҶҶһ߰Լݡ
Ǻǣ˵ǵңһȻԵ˫Ц˵
ˣȲ˵ҰԵɱҶҵĳϣ¿ɲ˽ᡣҶ˵
£ȷʵûô˽ᡣǶң˶ּɱĪݣ˶ܻ뿪ǣԵɱٴͷų
ţ
ôĵӣǰȻ˿Ҷϣһӿžѹƹ
ˣǿڵɫΪϷ˵ô𣿡Ҷһѹƾԣһ߿˵
ʶȤ͹ԹԸߡϷԱֻ֤ҪԹϣްҶ˵
ңҲԵһЩ˼ȻȽ⣬ǿɲͼϲԾôң뽫ԴȥȻ䵱ƵҩĹߡⱲӣþΪ
Ҷϻ
ȫ֮£ƿҶƣϼֹ򶫷һߡ
ҶϢһԾԳ֡
˲𣿽գɱľǶңս죬ȫڼ̵ʱھ͵˼ޡ
֮
籩
Ӱ磡
ɵƣ
ԶҶڵʵɱ˵ġǣҪɱһ״׺Ͷ״ףҶҲδܵסԡǣԳֵʱʩչ߾ɱط

ھԳֺһҽд
һҵһ״׳ϣϼĽâ͸
ԵĴ㣬̵ʱڣĪݵȫնɱԣԶҶĳֳֵֵֻ֣
һǿ״׳֣ɱǷǳֲġԵ壬ֱӾͱ˳ȥ
ڣԵҲޱȵǿ󡣶ҶһھԵϽԻɣҲֻþ˶ѡ
ס֮󣬿һۿٳĶҶһռʩչǶҶɱҵĳϣҲǹĪݵУ״ס
״ףŬԼȻЩҲԼ֪ԼӦú˶ܣӦõֵһιŶҶ׷
ݵԥ֮УѾ˲ƹ״ףھԵĹΧ֮ڡ
ٴαȫʵ
ӰңҶֱҪˣ̣Ҳ˲ʲôˡ
Եķ񣬳󡣶Ҷ߾ȫ׷ҪסԹ״ס濴ƺҲȷʵɹˡ
ɽ飬ٴڳĹսȫһ𡣾ԣȻһǹڽâֺ󣬺Ȼɢ
߾ɱ
Ӱ֣
ԽӰλ档
ӰǴӰ¶нģӰϲϲսӰϲ㽫Ӱ͸˾ԡԵȻҲƴǹӰ¶ֲջӰ֮֡Ӱϲ峤ָ߾ԣϲڲӰмˣҲͽӰ
ʩչ߾ɱľԣӰֺ󣬾ҶҲһʧȥ˶ԾԵ
ܣˣһֲĽâϯʶ²׼뿪ع㳡Ķ״ס


1729 ɱ
ԶҵĶ״ףֻоһױȵٴѹȶʶԼٶȸͶ㲻ι
һҧ
ʱΣҲֻоȥƴֵˡڣҵ̫ϳ϶Ҷлᣬϣܹ
״׶ȫֵԵĽâ
ǣԵĹ̺ܣһͨ״ܹӲġҵĶ״ףʵҲ뵱ɱ˫ɷϴࡣɱ˫ɷϴȻҲɱ
ǣԻӰֲʩչ߾ɱĹһЩͨ״ףܿܶסһ
飡״׵壬ڽâڿռըѿ
վסԵķȫ
ҶŬ׷ԣӰλռжԶ״׹ʱ򣬶Ҷ˾ԣ̳ǣˣܹӰ쵽ԹʱǶ״˶ըˡ
ˣҪ˾̯λ׾糤ϣȫնɱ
羰Կʼʱ˵ģ˶Ҫ˭ֻܲڿʼʱûΪҲû˵档ңҲ⾰ڷŭ֮˵Ļ¾ûɱκһˣҲûʲô˻ȡЦԡ
ǣȴˡ
ǵŶҶ棬ڶҶȫֹ֮£½ɵ˶ײεĳϡ
ֲ̫ˡ
һս˭ףԺ󽫳㣬ԱŭĶҲںܳһʱ۴ˡ
ҶգѾŤ
׳ϣԵ̯λȡѵġڣȫɱǰɱ
ûˣܹⶫҶʱ顣ǳŭЩ޷Ƶʹࡣ
ԵʵȷʵԤ롣޷󣬾ֹ֮£ܺɱҵĴ׳ϡ֪϶Ǽ׳ϳҾԵ鷳Ҫ鷳Ҳôӳ顣
ںѾˣ˶ˣҲá
ҶУӿů}˵ɱ⡣ܣռƺŤ
ҪҶٿԼյĵžԱƽ
ʱ򣬶ҶþΪЧڣһҪŪԣΪ׳ϸ
ֻԲδܣֲֳϼⶫҶ
ԣǴ붫ҶɱһѾжϳҶʵҪϲ峤ھųлҪǿһŲԡ㶫ҶھųǿһҪɱԼҲһ׵顣
֪ˣ֪ˣ
ȺУһͻȻֽһ˵Ŀ⣬˹ȥ
һЩƵĿⶢԼɫܿǺˡ
֪ʦ˭ˣ˫ɷ죬Сߣ˵ԼղΪͻȻ󺰴С
˵ʲôʦ˫ɷˣ˵˫ɷ𣿶ˣһʹӣ˻Ȼ
ȷʵǡÿ˫ɷ챻ɱ̵Ӱ򡣡ϳԵٴ˵
ɽϲɽ¼˫ɷȫû̵Ӱ򴫿ȷʵвۼӰ򡣵Ȼⲿ߱ϾԾԳڼع㳡֮ǰûбϳ
һƬУԺͶҶɱȻڽСԣڱѹƵƵλҶóҶҪɱԣҲԵֶμ࣬˵ĸоǣҶʵǿһЩȴò
żģԵ͵ϮöҶЩæҡ
ǰ붫Ҷһɫ۵ߣһֱûвֻ֣ڸĵطսҶҲûҪ߳֡ʶһˣѸɵԣȻûҪ߰æ
ʱ򣬼ع㳡ϿգֶһЩӰ
һɫ۵ĺӣдɱ񣬶žԡӣϲ峤
ϲ˫̳Ƿֳ˫ɷΪԶɢⲻǴϲϲܴܵʧ
ϲ峤ˣʵҲͷ˼ع㳡ϰѽίľԾ˫ɷˡǣûҾ鷳һͼϲ뾰˽ӴϲҲҲһ̫õɡ
ϲ䣬ëĹ֮һûкʵɣǻ治̫öë߶䡣˫ɷϣ˫ɷﲢϲ䡣˫ɷ̫ˣϲ˫ɷϲһ֡
˶֪˫ɷϲֵģⲻӰϲ䲻һ㡣


1730 ߽״׵ɱ
ټع㳡Ĵϲ峤ͼϲ峤Ҳѵִͼ诶ͼϲ峤ͼɭߡ
ף벻λʦΪҲ붫ҵĶҶɱȻ浲סͼ诿붫Ҷɱľԣ̾˵
ţսȷʵ˵á֮ǰ˵ģλʦȷʵᣬϢֻǣǰƺδ˵ɻ󡣡ͼɭͷҡҡͷ˵
ĵġף۸ءͼҧҧ˵
Ϊ˵
ͼɭŮһۣ¶Ц
诶ҶɱλʦȻռϷ磬λʦӦҶĹ͸ŴݡͼɭЦ˵
ͼɫ΢΢һ죬·Ǳ˵˼ȷʵҲǣڵľԵͼɭôһ˵ͼҲͷ
ڼع㳡ϿգʵкüλŴӵоصλĳԱ
ΪؿʱѾٽһЩŴҪѾǰë롣ͼϲ峤ˣϲ峤ˣɽϲ峤ͬˡ
ÿμؿë߶лȡ׾ԴЩ׾ŴṲͬ䡣ˣκһȱϯѴ͡
ϣ
ϲ峤һˡ
ҶȻע⵽˵ĵʱӰһ˸˳ս
Ҳû׷Ҷʵ̫ǿֶξʱҲɱ˶Ҷ
峤Ҷ˹֡
Ϊڴ˵˲֪ʡ
뾰ԽḶ́ʵһ
ɱҶϣҪɱҶ˵
ŶˣȻɱҵĳϣߣôĵӡһȣӾԵɨ
ƺԾԳ֡붫ҶĶԻҳֵɡ
ϣҿӵʵףɱʱƺɱϲ붫һֱкܵϵҳֽ¡ϲ峤ת˵
⡭Ҷԥˡ
ֶԸԣҶʵ뿴Ϊ˾ԣҲὫԸɴĽҴáֱɱ˾ԣɾϵ׾ȵԴҲض붫ûаëǮĹϵˡ
붫ҶĶԻδܻڳˡڲԶȻҲĻԱý
ԸҶԻ̫ںǶ޷ݡԸоõϵϢǺпһλ߽׻𡣾㲻Ǹ߽׻ҲضܽӽǸˡ
ϣأϢ΢΢һŵѹȣԶҶٴʵ
ңȷʵǿ󡣲ϵһ̶ϣŴа塣˵ףϻǷȱһЩŴеβĴڣҲǶȫ濹ġοϲǾŴǿ֮һ
ҶѹҶ֪ʱܾæͱض
峤ԸæҶ֮áҶͬˡ
һϲ䡣ڶҲδ̫ë룬һˣҲɱԡ
Ǻǡ
ͷҪﶫҶʱһЦ
Цģͼϲ峤ͼɭ
ͼɭЦתĿͼɭĿдŲãɫ
ͼ峤ιʷЦͳʵ
һЩλʵһЩߣŭԳֽѵԷͼǲ峤ͼɭ൱ĴڣͲ÷ˡ
ûʲôֻǣҾбҪ峤㣬ϲҲëĹ֮һ˵λʦǴ뼫ġͼɭ˵
ɫ֪ͼɭⷬ˼
ë룬Ҳйصġëͨߣǻɱ⣬һ¹߶ʣ֡ΪߣǶǰë޹ʶֻɱΥǱ
ټϣҪ뼫أͿܸŸߴƵ档ɱ˾ԣ˸ߵ
ͼ峤ҪˣƬ̺󿪿˵
峤ˣֻ˵һʵѡ룬ⲻͼϲ˼ͼɭ˿Ҫ
ǼЦЦ
ǣȷʵϣԱɱڵϵǼȵĹעЩ˵£Ե˼ڴ֮ǰûȥӴǲڵȴѣ˵û˼


1731 
Щ뾰Բ޶Թھϲֻøаʹ졣
˵޷þԼǵҲϣĵʦɱǶ֪ܹƳ涹׵񵤵ĵʦĵʦţǸǶһ;
峤Ҿͼ峤ⷬҲеġǣϾëĹݣɱߣվǲ׵ġɽϲһλ̫ϳƤӣ˵
̧Ŀ˿λɽϲ̫ϳϡ
ִֻ֪ɱԣܿŭȻϲ㹻ǿ󣬵Ҳ˼ɵ¡
Сӣջ뿪ëģתĿԣ˵һ䡣
ԵȻ֪˼ЦЦ
㣡ֻ˵֡
ϲһЩʲôԼ㡣
һ˦ٿԡ
Ҷı飬ҲȻ˼ΡϣȻŪԣϣϲСϲ峤ڸѹʱԾԳ֣ҶҲ֪ǸһǸ÷ŭ
Ȼɱԣ֮ǰʱڸһ㡣
Ҷݵ񣬶žԣûм뾰ɱ˼Ҷѡ뾰ɱǸҲֹȷʵؾڵϵҪ£ԣҲڳɹ£֮ǰ͵ﶫ塣
ԶҶԾԶ֣ǲֹ˵Ҳëݡ
ͼϲ峤ͼɭҶҲûֵ˼΢ЦǰɳһЩ롣
λʦ֪γƺͼɭԾ˹֣ѯʡ
ǰͼʹԵ֣Բû˵ͼɭͼϲ峤׿ʣǲ˵ǾЩдˡ˵ˣ˼Ҹողֹϲ峤Լ֡
¾ԡͼ峤лˡҲͼɭ˹֡
ԭǾԵʦڵϵҵ𾪡ͼɭ̾˵
ڵϵȷʵڡңᣬǰ;һλվԾá
ﲻٴĽύԡЩˣɲͼϲʡ
һһСӦšЩУкüλǸ߽״ײεĴڣҲǸ߽׵ĻԾڵʵûմӸ߽״лԣСһЩ͵һЩΪá
λǰǰҽһЩίУΪҵ̯λͻȻܵЩίδɡ룬Ȼصίɡһ󣬿˵
ˣڱȽæµǾͲ˵ˡ
ԶԣԵʦԱ㡣
˷׷˵
˵ҶԾԵ̬ȻǺġԵ̬ڵĺܵ͡
ⷬЩίоߣɳһǻ浣ģòԼίоƵĵҩˡڿԵ˼ЩίС
ɵģҶԾгŵⷽ־˼֡
ĺܳһʱع㳡ͱȽƽˡ
Ƕңϲ䣬ûҾԵ鷳ҵĶҶһֱë룬Ҳûдӱ״ǿߡңҲĿǣ˵Ҳ£ԡȻ׳ھУܼ붫ңôʧ׳ϣҲܳܲҸԸܡ
ԵĻԻ̯λһֱĪݻԲѲܰﾰԣԾԼȽίУȻһʱٽһƵҩ
ع㳡вٵʦôġȻˣίʱƣջԽԽ١׽ݲϱ׵õҲ޾ġߣ߾óϣҲòίҪóķ׾
ǾԵ̯λϣҲԽԽ١
תƣת۾Ѿëϰʱ䡣
һգëĹߣҲǾŴдｵټع㳡ع㳡գһ
Щｵټع㳡֮ǰë߱㶼õһϢأҪˡĽ뼫صߣۼڼع㳡ȴ
ԣҲ̯λվЩ֮С
Խ׽磬Ϊľǽ뼫ǽӽˡ
Ҳ֪һμؿҪһҪ׾
֪һμؿ˵һ϶Ҫǧ׾
ţһμؿҾˡؽܼңҼǵ˵һҲǧö׾
һЩߵĽš


1732 õһʸ
ŴĴټع㳡󣬶û˵
ң֮ϣͬһ򣬻˵ͬһλá
ģع㳡ϵĴߣҲٽ̸ˡع㳡ð
Լ˼ʱʱ䡣
ˣ
һǿķ֮ͻȻ١ɷֵ֮úסԣҲûиӦɷֵ֮Դͷ
ŷ֮ռڣʼϸ΢仯
ԭĿռ䣬ͻȻĳһѷ졣ʱѷǳϸСʱƣѷ󡣴ͷ˿ôϸСָϸٵֱ۴ϸٵһϸգһѷ죬׵ĿȲֹͣ
ſˣ˼͵˵
Ҳ֪ѷ챻ΪţҲǼšҪ뼫أֻҪһѷ켴ɡ
ųֵһ̣Ŵǿߣܱߵʱգκ˶ô
ȶع㳡ߣܸܵ͸ʱռ䷨ȴԵЩҡ
ѿڣ뼫ߣСһλ˵
ȺУ߷ɳϿաϵ˷ɳԵȻҲ˳ȥ
Ҫ뼫صߣ治١
뼫ޣԲÿ뼫صߣܽ뼫ǣҪ뼫أͱͨڣÿҪһǧö׾þ۵ʸ񡣡￴žԵ˵
ԵҪ뼫ߣÿ˶Ҫһǧö׾Ӷþ۵ʸһǧö׾Ǿûʸ񾺼ۡ
ûһ۵ʸ񣬶Ҫһǧö׾ɲǱ֤
ò˵ŴǷǳ޳ܵġ
ÿһμؿвٵóһǧö׾򾺼ʸ񣬵վʧˡ۾ʧˣһǧö׾Ҳǲ˻ġ
ŴֶµĹأκ˶޷ģûǸȥı䡣㲻ĹҲòűܡ
˷׷׽һǧö׾һ۵ʸ
һ̺ܿ
ˣڣҶ˾۵ʸôһ뼫صͿʼ۰ɡţϹأ۸ߵáǺǣͿλѣܵõһˡЦ˵
Ϊ󻯣Ŵûн뼫صһ۸񣬶ͨ־۵ķʽֻҪ۵һԭ򡣻еڶԭǣÿμؿǹ̶ġʱһЩʱһЩŴҲȷȻ޷ǰԤۡ
ǧ׾ﻰ£˴Ҵұһ۸ǧ׾ļ۸
ҳǧ׾
ǧ׾
ǧİ׾۸һ·߸ߡ
óô׾ʦߣ϶׽ĳԱɢ޵ʦӵ˾޴ĲƸ
һЩʵʦһö׾ò˵ǧ׾ˡ
ǧ
ǧ׾
ߣϵļӼۡܿ죬һļ۸񣬾ͱƸߵǧö׾
һö׾
ʱһһµļ۸ȴع㳡Ϊ֮һ
˻˻۸񱨳ȫһƬ
̫ˣ
ǧö׾ļ۸ֱӾŪһö׾۸Ϸһ
ȫĿ⣬е˱۵ϡ۵ˣǾԡ
ͨίʵ׬ȡ˴׾ҲȥۣΪ˱ҹζ࣬õһ뼫صʸ˵
ÿμؿһ˵ؽпֻܴһȻˣڼؿʷûֹ˭Ҳܰٷְٱ֤μؿĽһ
Կɲ⣬ʱٵȵ´μؿǲ֪֮ˡ໨һЩ׾Ҳ̫ں
Ҫһö׾һ𶯵žԣȷϵʵ
ǣҳһö׾뼫صĵһԵͷ˵
Ǵȷ󣬶ԾԵ˵ͷ
һö׾˼ӼۣǴתĿߡ
Ӽۣ
ʲôЦһö׾ˣټӼۣǲӽˮ
˵ˣڳģм뾰Եʦ׾͹ʱԵʦ֪׬ȡ˶׾
Ȼû˼Ӽۡôһ뼫ص͹龰ˡİȷҲɿ˼Ӽˡһö׾ˡ
ˬĽһö׾
ŰɣĿ£ͨŸռķżŷ˹ȥ


1733 Ϊ
Ӽ͸ʱռ䷨򣬲δֹԵĽ롣
ԿٷУ˳ıСԵӰʧڼع㳡ϴߵ֮ڡ
ȥˣ
ĲǴ׾硣
ֻʦ磬սΪô£
ع㳡ϣߵɫ֮ǰڼع㳡ɱҵĴ׾糤ϣ붫Ҷɱһʱ䣬չֳ˳ǿʵսУһЩ׾ߣܺܵԵķδԲҲûյ
Ǻɻ
оϣԲǴߡǴףΪʵ֮ǿ
вˣڵžȥ뼫ءΪʱͿռ䷨Բߣ޷뼫صġص򣬻ֹ߽롣ھ˳뼫أ֤ǶԾԵĸоûûʱռ䷨Բ
һ
ôģ
һʦߣս˿¡ﵽ׾磬Ҫ޵ˣʱ򣬾Ǹ߽״ףҲѶԸɣ
һЩ˸Ŀ⣬תͷ
׽ʷϣƺδֹӡһʦΪս״ײܣֱţš
ϲ峤ĿĬĬڳˡʵҲЩӡãԵĴڣܶϲγɺܴвھ̤׾֮ǰɱǵȽܿϲ޷Ըˡ
ɴʱѾ뼫أҲûиõİ취ֻܵȾԴӼس˵
Խ뼫غľۼΪŲδʧ߿Լ롣һʧǾ˵Ѿˣ߶ٽ롣

ûҵķ򣡡
磬׽ڣʱռ䷨Ǻȶ򡣿⼫صʱշȴȻ෴
Ӳ˼ǣڼڣƺֻʱַ֮򣬻ֻﶼڡ
ܹŹֵĵط
ԣ֮ǰδôֵĵطûôУϾӵ޾ˡûֻط͵κ顣
طĻ֮ذɣһУԭʼ״̬˻ҵʱշһзû˵طҲ޷ݱвһڡСĵĸſռڵһС
ôˣҪ
ҪϤʱշȻԼյʱշĳ˿룬衣ϣҵʱշﵽԲԲٶൢʱ䡣
صĻȻһƬ˻ҵʱ⣬ûκƷɳʯǲڵġϣһƬţǴޡ
һطϥӴصʱշ
صʱշ򣬼»ɬЩ򣬳ֳǷǳԭʼ̬ȫУĦоԵúܳ
ҲΪˣҲþԷǳܡǺܼ򵥾ôķԾʱշϵͿûôˡ
ԲԲںֻҪнչСͷһݾǣչһ죬Լ侫衣
Ϊصʱշǻҵģ޷ܵʱٵġ
ҲΪʱңԲͬʱҲȻͬеĵطʱ൱еĵطʱٱ죬еĵطʱٱ
ڵĵطһʱٱٱ򡣲ò˵Եȷʵܺá
ڼڣκ߶޷׼ȷ֪ʱ䡣ԣҪʱٿֻ˵һ߾һʱٱٱĵطԼҲ
һУԼ
ԲϵĲʱշ
һȥ
ȥ
һǧȥǧȥ
ǧȥһȥ
ʮȥ
ڼ˳ʮ
ռ䷨򣬳ˣһգ˫ĿǷЦݡ
Լ֪Լ˶ãԼоʱܳ㳬ʮʱ䣬Žռ䷨ﵽԲĲΡ
ֻʣʱ䷨ˡԼ
ڹȥʮʱҲһֱڲʱ䷨ֻǣռ䷨һﵽԲΡʱ䷨ʵҲӽˣ϶Ҫʮʱ䡣
ȻһνһӣԵʱ䷨ҲﵽԲΡ
ʱ䷨ҲԲˣҲʹţĴ̤˻ΡŴ򾡽ԲΪΪ
Ĳһ
оͺ̥ˡԸԼı仯


1734 ֮
ָоͺԼһС
ʱռ䷨Բ֮ǰڼڣԻĸ֪ЩʵġڣǼڻҵʱգҲܶϤ
ͺ񡭡ǳȻ⡣
ѹ֣
ѹĲôȫʵķԾ߸Ͳһεġ԰ת
ԼΪӰܣѾյڶӰ磬Ҳδɱǿߡ˵ڷϳΪ֮ǰҪĹԴӰܡ
֮籩ȵֶΣֻǸ
ȻˣɵƵǷǳǿĹֶΣǵڶĺɵƣƥˣûеڶӰܣԻҲһ׻ƥаˡ
ھԷϣҲ̤𾳽硣սɾǿֲˡ
ԻһЩʱ䣬Ϥ̤𾳽ǿַת硣
ģ֮ҲžŴԲٴη˱仯ŴԲԴΪƻ֮Ծ˵Ǻܼ򵥵顣̣ûķ̫ʱ䡣
ƺ󣬾ֳһ籩
̤𾳽󣬾Ե壬Ȼ֮ǰǿöࡣԽǿ籩Խǿֲ𾳽ʱ򣬾ʩչ籩Ҳ͵Ϯһ»𡣲ң籩Ի𶼲ʵϵˡ
ڣʩչ籩Ǿ׻𣬿¶±ơǸ߽׵ĻҲܵصӰ죬û׼¡
أûнżȥ
Ǽɡ
ʵϣֻܵȼؽԼżȥ뼫صʱſߡҪȥûˣֻܵȼ͡ԣ㾰ڳȥҲ
̤𾳽󣬶ԺɵƺԭһЩ޷Ļɬ֮ʱҲ
Դкֵܶ࣬ҩʯд׾þûκιǵɵƺ
ȻͬʱҲѰԼĴ
̤𾳽κ߶ԳԸĴڣһȻȻ顣˵ߵʵٴ
һߣż֮󣬱һ̤𡣽յñȽϸ󣬱Ӷ̤
һ˵Ǻóʹõˡ
Уܶࡣˮ֮з֮׵֮к֮ʱ֮֮ȵȵȵȡ
༫࣬ͬĵҲһеĵǿеĵǿһִֻҪյܷӳǳֲʵ
֮Уǧ֡Ҳǣǧ˵
ЩȻȴҲв֮֡
ʱ֮֮Ƿǳ߶˵Ĵˮ֮֮׵֮ǴһĴ
ˮ֮֮ǸһĴˮ֮֮ʵˮ֮ݱġ
ԽǸ߶˵ĴҪ͸ԽѡһĻ𣬶ȥ͸߶˴һ˵һЩͼĴͺܺˡ˵ˣյͼĴԺ߶˵ĴҲͻ
𣬲˵ֻһִ
ȻˣΪǻ𣬾Ҳһ޶ȡԣڶĻһҲնִĴڡĻҲһֵͼѡ
˵οԼĵҲԼܾġڹʱ򣬵һдʲôһͻѡʲôȥ͸ΪԼôĽӴڶִ˭Ҳ֪Ҫʱ䡣ꡢ꣬
ʱٱĵطںԴУԵĺɵƺӰ磬ڻĽ
˵Եʵÿʱÿ̶ڿٵ
ʮ
ˣ
΢΢һ
ʱľԣȻǱ۾ġǣĸ֪һӴϿսһɫ뵵ĳӡ
Ըܵ˴Ϣ
æ̿꣬ȥ֪Ӵ
ǡ
ʲôȻɫģԱ۾ɫӽһ
ܰɣ
ôܣѵ֮
ô᣿
֮ǲǴ˵еĴ𣿡𾪡
ڻ棬ȷʵй֮Ĵ˵˵ִǧ֮ϵϴ
һִ֮֮ǧķ롣
ЩյĴףԾŴΪĴ֮֮ǳ˾ŴӰ췶Χ


1735 
һЩ׽֣ӴһЩյĴԴԣԶҲһ˽⡣
ɴʱԽɫ⻪ӣȴ͸˵Ϣ
Ҳ޷ȫȷ֮Ͼ֮Ǵ˵еĴǧ֮С֮Ǿ̫ǿˡ˵֮У֮ǵ֮ĵһͬΪ˵֮ҲȲ֮
գ֮Ȼ֪⾿ǲ֮ˡԵ꣬ɫ⻪ںϣ̺İء
̲Ҳʱ䣬ԭɫӣ㵽˾Ե麣֮С
ھԵ麣УƵɫһƥ
̧֡
֮Уɫʢ
봫˵еһ
֮
ĺ֮ܿУǿĴʶһ
ڣڷ򾳽ϣӦǶ׻ˡҲ˵ǧǸݷġ֮֮Сߣմ֮Ƕ׻𣬿յ֮Ҳ֪㲻Ƕ׻𡣡
ˣôʲôʲô磬ڵʵԸ߽׻Ҳ¡ԽԺеɨȥ
ƣϵϷ¿ۣһϻϵ֡Ʋ۵ɫ䣬̺˵İ塣
ڣûܹˡ
ϵĹת֮£κ飬Сûˣһ׹򡣾Ǹ߽һҪػĹ򡣾ͬ浮־汾߹
־þԣȴƵİԣΪ߹ֻ߹һֶѡ
Ҳ˵ھԵ֮£κ鶼ܵӰ졣𣬿ܾܵӰǿͬˡ
ڳ֮󣬾ԼĸܵһЩʲôӦԼƺܹӰ쵽߹ˡ
ǰԺһֻعڹ֮ʵǿԼڣⷢ˱仯ԾԼһ̶ϣı߹
ڳ֮󲻾ã㱻ų˳
Ǿԣ뼫صߣȫų˳һμؿһнӽʮߵõ˽뼫
ڼڣһ˶ʮʱ䡣Ϊڵλãʱٱҡԣʵʱ䣬ҲͲŹȥʱѡ
뼫صߣһЩܲģʱֻ漸ٷ֮һĵطôڼؿֻһʱͱų˳
Ҳû취ֻ˵̫ùˣáΪһΣһٽ뼫
Ե߳󣬻ڼع㳡
ع㳡ϣŴĴǣ϶û뿪
ÿμؿʱ䲻̫Ҷо飬ʱ䣬Щʵǿ˵Ҳǵָ֮ˡʱ䣬һ϶ġ
οҲĿģ뾰ٽӴһ¡
Ӽسߣϴ˷ܵı飬ĻҰ
޴˼ûʲôЩģҲǺķǧö׾ģʧɲСǴĳԱҲۣԼǱԭǱкܴϣĸ߲Ҳһۣǿǧö׾

ƯŮ֮һͼ诣ֱԵǰ
ͼС㡣Թ֡
ûǴӦҵɣͼ¶Цݡ
Եͷ˵Ȼûǡ
ͼ˵ǣ֮ǰӦӼس󣬾ͼ诵ĸҲͼϲ峤ͼɭ̸һ̸
׾Ǳߵţҹȥ𣿡ͼͰ͵žԡ
ûгɾ͵ͷӦ
ˣͼϲ峤ͼɭǰͼɭߣͼϲĸ߲ǵĿⶼھԵϡ
Ȼˣع㳡ϣžԵĿɲ١
Եʦּˡһν뼫ջΣͼɭЦŶԾԴк
û˷ѻɡЦ˵
Եʦ˼ϵҲĿࡣھԵʦ뼫֮ǰһĹܹؾ硣ֱ뼫أҲȷţȷʵǴ׾ߡǴףȴ붫Ҷ״ɱ˭أһôãҲûʦһ״ƥеʦҲֻ˵ѡͼɭ˵ôһλп޵˼á
ͼ峤ˣֻһЩǫ˵


1736 
ԶͼϲĸоǺܺõġ
ڼؿ֮ǰԼ붫ҽʱϲ峤Լֵġͼɭһվֹ
ˣȫķһЩʱͼɭġͼɭҪԼæһЩ£Ҳƴǡ
ðһ䣬ӦòƮ߰ɣͼɭվ˳
Ʈ׽֮һƮԶԶ޷ȡͼɭʵ޷ܣƮĵطܳ־ǿʦ
ȷʵƮߡҵĲͼ峤¡Ե˵ͷ˵
޷޷
֪Ƿܼͼϲ䡣Ը룬ͼϲ䣬һ̫ϳϵλӿšֻҪͼϲ䣬̫ϳϡͼɭҲ׷ʣһתʼ뾰Լͼϲ䡣
̫ϳϣ
֪Щڣ峤̫ϳϻߴ˾ȵ϶ǲĴڡ峤Ҳ޷ǿӲ̫ϳʲô෴ģ̫ϳϻӰ쵽峤⡣
ò˵ͼɭΪ£Եļ룬ҲǸ˼Ĵۣ˵ͼǲ丶˼Ĵۡһյ˵̫ϳϣͼǲʷϣδйͼǲ䣬˸ƺҲû˵̫ϳϵӡ
ͼ峤ıǸҿܣ̫ʱ䡣ԣ޷ͼϲ䡣ԴǸͼɭ˵
ͼɭ¶ʧı顣
ʵҲԿܲͼϲ䣬׿˵ˣȴҲЩʧ
ҿ԰ͼϲһЩҩϣܵԽ˵
ͼϲһЩҩҲ㱨ͼɭȻˡ
ãǾлԵʦˡ֪Եʦãͼɭһʵ
һ°ɣԳ˵
һ£
⡭
һµʱ䣬ͼɭ˵Ȼ̫һЩΪԾ˵̫õʱ䣬ôҲôϼʮ꼸ɡǾȴ˵ֻһµʱ䡣
һ£ƶٵҩ
Եʦ
վͼɭߵһˣڽоԡ
ͼͼϲĵʦͼԾԹ˹֡
ͼʦԹֻ
Եʦղ˵ҪͼϲһЩҩ˵ֻһµʱ䡣һµʱԵʦƶٵҩǲǿΪԵʦӦأƢȽֱþԵʦĵط¡ͼŲ˵
˭óͼϵĲ
ͼͼϲ䵤ǿĵʦûë룬ʵҲû˵˾ʦϹԾԣûʲôɼֻ˵ֻһµʱ䣬̲ס
ͼʦ֪ˡһƺҲƲٵҩˡ΢˵
ǺǡͼЦƤЦⲻЦԾԵĻشȻ⡣
û˵
һ֣Ǭ¯֣ڿռڡ
ţóһݲϣݡ
ݲϣ涹׵Ĳϡ
Ҫʲô
⾰Եʦó¯óݣѵҪ
ʲôЦ⼫ع㳡

ܴߣĿⶼžԣԵĶһһ㶡ó¯ݣƺǴġɵôˣڼع㳡ȴ˾ЩϷ
ͼɭˣҲı飬žԡ
ԵʦҪ𣿡ͼɭ̲סʵ
ԡԵ
˶ӣ᲻Ӱ죿ʦӦڰĻ𣿡ͼɭ˿ܵӡ
޷ġ԰ڰ֡
ԵϣһǿšţͼɭٶȰ˵
ףǿóĲϣƺ涹׵Ĳϡ
ѵﵱ涹׵
ˣǷӣ

УԿʼ߶뵽Ǭ¯ڡȻԴСҲ֮С
ڶ̶̵ļʱ󣬾ԿʼݶǬ¯
һĻпȥԾͺڶ޹ؽҪĶץһݣͶ뵽Ǭ¯ڡ˶ɣ⾰ԵʦûпץĲһݡ
̫ˡ
յʱ䣬һ涹׵ҪĲϣȫǬ¯֮ڡ
ġ
ǻ
ʥʦҲôһյʱ䣬㽫ȫĲ϶뵽¯ڡ
ҪƳҩЦ
ʲô
ع㳡ĵʦܶࡣھԽ뼫ʱвڵĵʦ˹ԵоԽԽǾþԵЦ


1737 ֤Լ
ع㳡طδΪͱð
Щ߲֪ʱļɻ䣬ǿҲӰ쾰ֻǾԵͷʽʵ˾̫Ϸˡ
ԵʦȰһᡣ
ͼɭܣ
ͼϲ峤ӵ𽥽
ͼ峤Ҳ̫Сˡ⾰ԼûҪұ졣˳˵һ䡣
˵ûҪڳ߱죬֮⣬˵ͼɭҪұˡУǸͼɭһЩޡ
峤㲻ǵʦ֮ǰ֪ʦʱҪҲͼɭޱĵ仰ȻҲڿ˼֪
ߣҵҪô涹׵һߡ
ϲڣҲ涹׵ĵʦɹʺܵͣʮݵĲϣƳһ¯涹׵ģȷʵЩ
˵ˣһ¯涹׵ҪķѺܶʱġһʦڳһ¯涹׵۳ɹʧܣҲҪϢһʱָķѵľ
һ㣬Ȼϲ䣬ҲˡΪˣ涹׵Ҳǿܵüϸ¸͵£Ʈͺ涹׵ˣԸ⻨׾ҲС
յʱȥ
ԣĺһ
˿ܣһԼ¿ǰԶͼɭ
ͼ峤ǸõˡԶͼɭ˵
Եʦ̫ˣҪ˼ҡƵҩɲܷġͼɭæ˵ʾ⾰Լ
ţʱȷʵܷģʧܵļʾͻӡڣһ¯ҩѾƺˡЦ˵
ʲôͼɭһ㶡
ܵߣҲһ͵Ŀ⿴žԡ
ƺˣ
ǰҲһһʱ䡣
һʱ䣬һ¯涹׵ǺǣܲЦ
һ¯ҩѾˡֿ˵
ǺǣȻһʼûƳɹɣǰװģһȻǣʧܡԣ㵽ʲôӦЦ˵
ôһ˵Ҳʶһ¯ҩʧˡ
һʱ䣬ͽһ¯涹׵ʧܣҲһĵʦܰ쵽İǴӿʼû㽫ҩƳܽ͵ͨ
ϧһݲϡ
ǰһ涹׵ĲϣֵҲ͡˵
תĿɨһۣЦЦû˵
ֱ֣̽ӿ¯ת¯ڵһſŵҩΪھԵϷ
涹׵
ĴǣһžϿյ涹׵Щ׾ߣ涹׵඼ϤвˣҲù涹׵
ǣ⼸涹׵δΪȡɢ˺һᣬҩûʲô仯
ɹˣ
һ¯涹׵Ƴɹˣ
⡭
찡ԣôģ
ԲʦһʥʦһʥʦǷǳʥʦ찡̶һʱ䣬Ƴһ¯涹׵ǿǼŵҩһſţſ涹׵
쳹ع㳡
ϷĿռڣǾſ涹׵ڵתš
һ¯涹׵Ƴ˾ſšһ¯ҩܳɵſš
ʵϣ涹׵ҲÿζƳſš£һ¯ѶȽϴ񵤣ɵŵſ֮䡣
һε˳ƳſţҲ΢Щ⡣һû̫ȫע
ϲ峤˶
׽磬ʷǿĵʦ
֮ǰһЩ˶ԾԵһЩɣھԵչֳܱȵǾ㲻ϣҲòϡ
ͼʦӦ֪һʱ䣬ƶٵҩ˰ɣԿͼ˵
žͼɣԲŻᵱ
ǸڵϵѾˡϣҪ⾮ܼ֮ƽϡͼͷԵǸ
ͼȷʵޱȵ𾪡
ͼǲǿĵʦ׽磬ڵϵǶˡǣ뾰Աֳĵȣֱ֮е඼硣
ЦЦҡҡͷſ涹׵
ͼ峤һëһµʱ䡣ʱ䣬һһЩѶȽϴ񵤣׼òϼɡԶͼɭ˵
ã̫лˡȥ׼诶ž˵ͼɭ


1738 Ͳ
һ£ϲ峤ס׼뿪ع㳡ͼɭ
峤⣿ͼɭüʵ
ǺǣһЩҪ˵鷳ͼ峤ȵһᡣתĿ˿
ԵʦڵϵǷŶʶˡԵʦҪ뿪ǵȻǿԵʦ¡Եʦ˵ëһµʱ䣬ίôίɲܾͼϲͳ˵
ͼɭɫ΢΢һ䡣
峤˵ûԵʦëίǾ͸̸һ̸ηί⡣ɽϲ峤ӿ˵
ԣҲίо
ͼ峤ͼϲɲܳԶʳ
Ĵ׷׿ڡ
һĻͼɭҪֻΪͼϲԸǲʵˡֻһϲ䣬ͼɭǿӲĶȥڣԵȴǴ󲿷δ˵Ĳ䣬Ҳ
û취˭Ĵλᡣ
Եֲ̫ˡ
һ뿪ԺȥҾԣܲҵ˭˵á
Ǻǣλѵ˼⡣ǣ̸һ̸⡣ͼɭȻվĶ棬һ㣬Ժܸɴľͽ˳ȥ
Ȼ֮ɢޣûˡ
ƽְɡ˵
峤ῪЦƽ֣ǺǣҶΪͼϲ䣬žëһʱġͼɭ˵
Ŷͼ峤˼η֣ʵ
ͼϲռһ롣ͼɭֱ˵
ͼϲռһ룬ǰ˸䣬ٷһ룿ͼ峤θ̫һЩɣһ̫ϳϿںܲ˵
ͼϲһЩ⣬ԵʦȷʵͼϲϵһЩͼ峤˵Ҫռһ룬̫ˡһҡͷ˵˵ʱ˿ͼɭŮͼ诡
˵λҪһη˷ʱ䣬Ǿ˷Ѿʱ䰡ʱ౦󣬴Ҷɣ˵
˷ѾԵʱ䣬ǵǲںں˷Լ񵤡
һּۻۣŴĽǣͼϲռķ֮һķ֮˸ƽ֡ϲ䵹ʵǿһЩտڱ¶˼ͱˡòһ
ˣ䷽ѾˣڴҾ͸׼һЩϣþƣƶ١õĵҩͰз䡣ͼɭ˵
û⡣
ô죡
ô˲ݡ˵óݲϡ
ΪǾŸ乲ͬϣͺܿˣеĲ䣬ڵȡ˲ٵĸݡ
λҪίѵͲҵ˼ԷһֱЩĴʱſڡ
ţ
⡭
ȻʶƺѾԵԵˡ
Եʦѵб뷨˵ëһµʱ䣬ҲǿֻͣҪͿԡηƳĵҩǾǵˡž˵
ʱ˵ȿʼʱɿ˺ܶࡣ
ðɡ
ãҪȰѻ˵ˡЦŵ
Ŵη䵤ҩȷʵԼ޹ءҲͼϲһЩҩͼϲѾϿ˷䵽ķ֮һ
ȻǾŴͬίǾ͹¹졣ãͲˡֻǰͼϲǾԻ治˼ȡ̫ķá
뾰ԵʦȻҪ͡Ͱ֮ǰԵʦ̯λίʱȡˡͼɭһվ˵
ĬĬһۡ
϶вϣܵһЩǲȡá
ͼ峤ԣܺʡԵ˵ͷ
ðɣǾô죡
ˣҲòӦ
Ŀǰȷʵ˼ŭԡһ˾ԣԲԼĲǾ͵òʧˡһЩͣȡ񵤣ѾܲˡǰŴ׾򲻵涹׵һ񵤡
ˣһº˴ݲϡ
ãһºƳٵҩȡ
ͼ˵һŽЩҲʱ뿪ع㳡һ֮ٹȡ

ë룬һڡ
峤Ǿһº뿪ˡҵĶҶĶ档
ǰִҪߣҲû취ǿЩΡ
峤²£Եϣж׾ԴҶ۾


1739 
ҶЩŹ֡
ĿڶĶҶһۡ
⻰ʲô˼أʵ
Ǻǡԣ˲á֪ëʱ䣬׬ȡ׾Ͷʮ֮ޡʥʦ̫ˡҶզ˵
ʮ׾
ϲǿʮ׾Ǻܴһˡ
ԵʦԴٶ࣬Ҳûʲôϵɣ˵
ʱԶҶ˼ѾһĲ²⡣Ҷܾô򵥡ᵽϵԴ϶Ŀġ
峤ҲĨǵˡ峤Ӧûǣ˫ɷڴ˵СȻȥһʱ䣬ĺܶطȻ߲ʱ̸۴¡Ҷһ
ֱĶŶҶû˵
룬峤Ҳ뿴ԾȻ뿪ɣҶ˵
ϵ˼Ҳ̫ס˫ɷﱻΪΣ˫ɷˣֲϲӵܡ
ٺ٣峤˵ǣ˵ˡһʥʦǰѵ峤ûʲô뷨ܽԿԺϲõЩ񵤣𣿡ҶЦ˵
ϵ˼ǣԾ֣ԣɲöԸʵѾǿڽ뼫֮ǰѾ붫ϽˡڣӦֻǿˡһԣҲ˵ͼϲ䣬ɲöԸ˵
Ҫ£ȻҪ£һЩֲС룬ֻҪ峤棬ҵԸֵҶЦ˵
ҶȷʵŪԡ֮ǰһʱ䣬Ҳ£Ե˼ڿǲˡ
棬£֣ͬͼϲҲ뱣סԡʱ򣬾ֻ³һɱһǱסɳΪĹߡһ֣ǺܱҵĽ
һµʱ䣬ָ
һգԴ߳ع㳡֮ϡ
ŴĴѾڼȹ㳡

Щ׷뾰Դкˡ
һ£ѾƵҩˡλһ𿴿ҩȻǼһķá˹˹֡
һΣƵĵҩǱȽĵҩҲ١
ŴĴǰ鿴ҩȷҩûκε⡣̶ķáҲ˳ܹõҩŴǿҲƽһЩķãϾ˵ķЩﶼ̽ܡ
ȻˣȡķҲȽϺ˵Ŵкܴ׬ͷռ˺ܴ˵ġ
ȡ㹻׾ھŴ䵤ҩȻͲȥˡŴܿͽҩһգ䷽֮ǰˣڰշ䷽߾ǡ
һн½뿪ع㳡ϣŴĴﶼ㣬ʼմЦݡ
㲻ٿǿǡǺǣ㲻£ҿ϶ǿһΣֻ㵽ͼϲһʱ䡣һڣͼɭ뾰͡
Ĳ鷳ͼ峤ˣҴë뿪󣬾ͷƮ򡣡ٴξܾ
ðɣͼɭ̬ȼҲͷˡ
ҪƮ򣬾ͻҪͨ˫̳ǵĳʹ󡣴ë뵽˫̳ǣ·;ɲҪδ͡;ȥ˫̳ǡͼɭ˵
ԳһµҲãǾͼ峤ˡ
Ҳͼɭ˼ͼɭȻԼȥ˫̳ǵ·ʲô鷳ǼĴﶼͺģֻǱ˭֪ʲô
˵׼ڰ·Ͼ˶˻˼ҪԾԲ
գͼɭ;Գë룬Ĵжȥͬеģͼϲλ׾ĳϣԼͼɭŮͼ诡
һ˷ٶȺܿ죬ִ︽󡣵ȻҪȥ˫̳ǣһҪδֱͣӵִҪת

ǰǵĴˡͨ󣬱ִܵ˫̳ǸͼɭԾԽ˵
ǰĳУǣǱһȽǿĲƿء
˵䣬һѷеǵıԵ
һ׼еʱһӰͻȻ֣ӳڷɳӭ
ţһ
ӭжȺϣԸӦԼĲζЩˣƺǳԼġ
һԵĿзһĨ⡣
ȺУΪ׵ģȻϲ峤֣ȻɺϡôֻһͣǳԼġ
ͼɭˣȻҲϳˣɫ


1740 ·
Ϊ׵һȺˣܿ͵˽
ͼ峤Եʦɰ벻ǡװģ˵
ͽɲ顣˵ˣȻɽϲ峤
ɽϲ䣬Ҳ˽
ţȷʵǺɣ벻ֿλ峤Ц˵
һʱ䣬ԾͲλ峤ˡ׼ǡ
ԵʦҪżߡȻˣͶġЩˣԾԵʦĵɶúܡƤЦⲻЦ˵
峤ʲô˼ͼɭһüʵ
ͼ峤ʲô˼ѵ𣿡Ȼһ
ȷʵ峤ңʲô˼۾ʵ
Ⱥˣλ峤̫ϳϡǣȻרҾġ
ԣΪɱҶҵĳϣܰȻ뿪ɣҶȻҵĳϣҲɱġҶǰ̤һָžԺȵ
ŶԭҶҲôȥļ汨𣿡ԶŶҶǸտԷӡ
ʵԵȻͿ˶ҶڶȺС
ߣԭȷʵѪծѪģ峤˵Ҫҵø峤ӡ峤˵ˣֻҪԹϣǡҶ۾˷˵
Թϣǣ
˵ĺãЦ˵Ҳ˵ҲϣǾ͵ǰɣҶ㵽ҪӣĪǱǼй𣿡
Եʦǰѵõ𣿡
ˣǰ·ߡһԹϡڶɽϲ峤˵
ô˵ԸˣԿɽϲ峤˵
ǣǱɰëʱһʱ仹ÿһ˲ٵĵҩڣȴɱңǺǣһȺǡԼ
ԵĻòϻġ
ȻˣȻһҲΪԷ̼֡
ͼϲڣ붯һëͼɭһԣ˵
ͼɭҲҪ˵󻰡ΪƾǼˣֹ۾úÿ˵ͼɭ˵
ѵͲڱϲļ𣿡ͼɭȵ
£Ȼ£һǵôһѰĵʦҲˡһǿʥʦ̫ҪˣҲܿ뿪ͼɭʵ˵򣬶ͼϲһкôҲҪ㶯֣ͼϲԹۺˡʱͼϲҪǺ˵
ΣͼɭɫǺ죬ԥľ;ܾ顣
Կ˿ͼɭҲ΢Щжλͼϲ峤ƷԻǲ
ɫҲ˵ͼɭһҪ֣һύǶɾ͹ֲˡ
诶ߣǣͼɭתĿԾ˵
ʱͼ诣ҲЩšͼһ״ף龳£һûС
ߣߣСɱҶҳˣǾͺúһ㣡Ҷٴǰֱ̤һչȡһžϮɱ
Ϣᣬȫӿϼ˲ϢУݺݵһɱ
ţ
ף
׾ˣһ֣֮Ŵ򾡽ԲϢЩ
ЩУ߽кüѾ̤׾磬Щáڽ뼫֮ǰԻʦ벻ӼسѾǴ׾ˡ
ӦԷ򾡽ԲϢ󣬶ҶʱھԻʦʱ뾰Խ֣һʱκβþԡԳΪףʵһأ
ҶʱЩڼԾԳˡɴʱ޼£˻ȥ˵˻ȥҲԸϼĽ⣬Ѿɱ
飡ռ
Ҷ壬һǰ㵹˳ȥֻһҶ״׾ͱɡɴ˿ɼԵʵȷʵȵǿ󼫶ࡣ
򶫷Ҷ׷ȥ
һոս׵ߣǿðɣԿɽϲ峤һɳȺ˫չƣҪסԡ
ߣͼɭҲˣҪ赲ɽϲ峤
ͼ峤ǺǣѾ̫̫õʱûͼ峤дˣᣬȻȻɣӭͼɭǰ


1741 նɱҶ
ɽϲ峤˳Ľ׷Ҷľ
ҶǿסΣһδ
ֲ̫ˣ
֮ǰڼع㳡뾰Խ֣ʱȫѹƾԡڣȻһסһȻûҪҲˣضᱻնɱˣҶһĺ£ŵһȥ̫ðʧˡ
ɽϲ峤š
ӴϵϢжϣɽϲ峤ӦҲһλ߽׵Ļ
ԵʦֺαأǼ䣬ֲҪֻæƵҩѡҲ̫ɡɽϲ峤Ծ˵ʱͼȰ˵Էֿ
ҿҲߣһʹΣģҵʹӺɣҪʲôҩҶܾ㡣ЦŶɽϲ峤˵
ɽϲ峤ɫ䣬Ц˵ԵʦִԲǾ͹ֲˡҾͿԵʦʵжǿ
ৣ
һ⻪ɽϲ峤ڿӿ۳һ
Ծԣɽϲ峤ûκδ⡣žֻһͽҶɳȥҶȻǸ߽״ף״ҲǱȽǿġһɶҶ˵ʵҪȶҶǿܶ࣬ǿ߽״ס
ԣɽϲ峤һʼû֡
Ӱɱһϼɽϲ峤йŹֱײһ𣬾Ե壬͵ĺ󳷶ˡ
ռ
һײʩչռŶҶλȥ
ɽϲ峤һĻϾʶԵĿģæ׷ԡ
ǣĶһ˲͵˶Ҷĸвϼȫɱ
ҶȫֶζͼֵԵĹ
ȵ
ҶԵɱŨ
ǰڼع㳡ίҵĶҶҪ˵ңɱĪݣʱԾޱȵķŭ
ɱ׳Ϻ󣬾ԵŭҲ֮˺ܶࡣҶپǾҲȥԸǣ쵰ԼԶ׼뿪ˣⶫҶָ׷
ɣ׷ܾܿǶҶЩУҶ֮⣬ĴҶǹؼǰ
ԣŪģҶ
Ե͵ıӰͺɵƵ뵽֮ڣ˺Ѷ
ۣҶȫ͵һ
žԵ񣬳˾ֻ֡ãԼȫڿʧҪ˵һʲôԼѾ޷ſ˵ҶһԴǷɷ롣
Ҷնɱ
׷ɽϲ峤۾ԲŵĿһĻ
ҶȻƤӵ£Իɱȫ׷ϣûֹԻɱҶ״ס
ԵʵеĸǿǿܶࡣɱҶһܼǽУܵ˺ǿҵв
ɽϲ峤ڲһЩ
ͼɭɱҲ˶Ҷɱ龰ɫüѿУͬޱ𾪡
Ҷ״ףôɱˡ
ԵʵжǿȻſȸ߽״׵Ĺ
ͼɭͬһ˼ı顣
ƺλܸ𺳡ÿΪԼ߹ˣֳźȻ֣Ȼǵ͹˾Ժܶࡣ
λ峤ǵľԵʦɲһߡҪһ˿ɽϲ峤תĿĴ˵
ĴһۣͷͬʱžԱƽȥ
߽״ףֶԸԡʱǹ˼ӵʱ
ڿУԭأĶŶˡ
ʱͼ诵ȼͼϲĴףԶšû취ǲ岻֡ǺﾰԣȴΪԱ߽״ױƽͼĿǵǡ˿ԼĸͼɭͼɭסҲ޷ȥﾰԡ
߽״ףԸһǺǡЦſ˵
Եʦʵ޷⡣û취Ҫ׽㣬ǱֲСϲ峤̵˵
ǰԵʦʵȫ߽״
֣ˣܿͿʼԾԳ֡
ʼʱǱȽϽ̽˼𽥣Χм䡣
ͬʱ׵ĹԵúܳȻмǿǿ߽״಻ĹþӰЩϡ


1742 
ͬʱ߽׻𣬾Գܵѹ
ҲǿľԵǵĿȷʵǻɱԣסԡĬľԵ
ȾĹ࣬ʱǾͿɵѹԡ
Ҳһ㣬˵⣬Դû취˵ĹȫĵֵЩȻѹҲǾԲɱҪͲϧ
ʱ䲻š
ԣҧ֧š
ģ޷ĳơӰתҲɬȻĴ߶пշļ
ɶ񣡡ԷŭĶΧԼˡ
Ҫֲסˡ
ţӣһʱ䣬Ͳˡ
ʱ򣬱ѹס
Ҫָʱ䡣ɽϲȴԾϢı䣬Ӧǳ
ʱǾ̽ϢĻҡͶԷĲٿأôֲࡣ
ɫâΧžԵ壬ϵʴš
Ļ쵰˻
ѹңΣԷĵֵ
֪һԼѹӡʱ򽫲κη̵ĻᡣЩˣܽķӡᱻֻʹõϵƵҩ
Ǿζܽܵġ
ң޷뿪׽磬ܿⱲӶҪΪƵҩ
ĸͼϲԼҲˣͼϲᡣȻὫͼɭɱˣͻսͼϲ䵱ȻҲѵģսϲܳܵġԣ˳ɱͼɭˣǿסԺͻ᳷ȥͼɭҲ޷ֹȥ
ԵƣԽԽء

ҹԵӣʼ졣
ݺݵĻӶϼ
ɽϲ˵ϣ¶Ц֪ڵľѾǿ֮ĩˡ
䣡
ʱ򣬾Ե壬ͻȻ΢΢һһɾ˵ƣڱ
Ե磬һ̣˱仯Ӱ磬˲Ϣɱ䡣ھԼѹʱ̣Ǽʱ̤
ڼصʱ򣬾ҲûֹͣͺɵƵֻǣֱ뿪أͺɵƶͣڵڶΡ
һսþԵﵽ˵

Ե͡ڼ̵ʱ֮ڣʹﵽ˿ֲĳ̶ȡ
Ӱ磬ж£
ڵڶʱ򣬾ԵһЩǿĳʼˡ̤ӰӦܹ붥ĳʼȲŮǸΣҲ̫࣬һĶʼȡ
ɽϲ峤ˣܵԵƱ仯һʱ䶼סˡ
ǲ֪ʲô顣
ΪξԵϣͻȻֲֿϢӿϢ֮ǰԵϢҪǿöࡣ
ֹԵĸ߽״ףɫЦͬʱס𾪵Ŀžԡ
ô£
ʲô
ôоԵʵȷűǿˣǸоأ˿
ȷʵǿˣֻǣôܣѵͻˣ˶ɴԼ۾žԣȫ䱸˿Ĵ⡣
ϵɫۣĶ棬һµ֡ƵܣԿһָͷСĺڶЩڶȻ󣬵ȴļµܵ
ɱңҪѹң
ɣֲֳϼ
ɱһȣӰ˸ϲ峤Ϯɱȥ
֣ͻˣɸոͻƣ϶ȶΣһҪѹסϲ峤ɫһڣ˵
ͬʱԾԷ
֮
ң˰ɣԵǰϼܣһɫֶ
˵Ϣ֮
ǰ˳֣Բδʩչ֮Ϊֻǳֱ֮֮Ƚ⣬ΪֱӵĹֶΡʩչ֮ԾԵļ
ھӰͻƣʩչ߽֮״׵
֮Ϣ˲Ӱ쵽ϲ峤֮ǲǧĴǳʲôĪ⡣֮Уϲ峤˲˽Ȼͬı仯
Կ֮Ӱϲ峤棬һɫâϲ峤ʶĵֵ
꣡
ں˵Ӱ͵ڶɵܵĻ֮Ȼ̴ϲķһ͸
ֻۣϲ峤һѪ¶ɫɷס


1743 ɱ߽״
ϲ峤˫ĿУ¶֮ɫ
һ߽״ף׽Ķǿߣ
ܣⲻܣϲ峤еૡ
ԽԼ޷ֵԵʵĴ̫ˡ뵽ǿµһ޷Ƶȫ
ޱȾĲϲ峤ΧԵĸ߽״ףͬͷϲ峤ʶ£˴˵ʵк˽⡣Ϊˣһϲ峤ˣǵ
׽磬Ѿٻв׽磬û飬նɱЩ߽״ס߽״߽״֮䣬һҲɱĸ߽״ף׽֡
ڣϲ峤ֹͼɭԮԣҲֹɱԣһ£Ƚϰݡ
뾰Խ֣ЩˣƺȻʶԼҲǻġ
֣оΣɽϲ峤ϲ峤
ܼסƲǺءȷʵͻˣĹǳ¡ϲ峤Ѷ˵
ô죿ǳǼһҲѶ˵
ͳˣǸԣӦµͻơϾոͻƣܷӳȫʵ磬ԿĲУٳҲɽϲ峤ŴѶ˵
ˣĵͷ
ֱʱǻǲľʹȥʥʦǵջ̫ˡԣ´ʱǾϵвȻԿ
һϲ峤֮û׷ɱԷɽϲ峤ԣԵӰոͻƵЩ衣Ϊ֮ǰĵ̫࣬ԾΪԵӰ죬þԵҲϣԷ֪Ѷˡ
ԺܿףԷġ
ҧҧǣΪǵ̰ԳܵĴۡ
Ҳˣ
Щˣίʵ̫˷ŭˡ
̧ϼ߶ȼתӰ
㣬ɱеһˡ
ң˰ɣ
籩
ȻۣȻϯϲ峤塣֮ӰΣϲ峤ϡ
УɵγɵĽɫ·ɢܡ
ϲ峤΢΢һŬֵ籩ϮоֲĽâԼѹҧŬĴ߶ٿشܣͼֵ
ɽϲ峤ˣҲٶȳ֣ҪΪϲ峤ֵѹ
ǿǹԣǾԾҪԾȣֵ˵ĹĻԶϲ峤ĹȻͻήͺܶࡣ
û뵽ǣԸͲǵĹƾǲٿصĴܺԼϡ
ǷˣȫԼҲҪһϲ峤
춯ص׽ֱӴơʣȫ̮ˡ̮ķΧԲʮ
߽״׵Ĳɱֲ̫ˡ
ϲ峤ͻȻһҽС
ҲҲϲ峤˻
ţʼ޷תķ۳
ϣдĹαЩΣҪֵ屻۳ǣԵĹֲ̫ˣЩͷųĹâ͵סâ̺ܡ
֮ʴֱҩɽ⡣
ں̵ܶʱڣϲ峤壬ͳױֻһЩڿռ֮ڡϲ峤嶼ûѵ壬ֻǱһҫ۵Ĺâ󣬾ɢ
һ߽״ףھԵС
ȻҲùɽϲ峤˵ĹͬʱھԵϡʱǶȫԸԴܴ߶ޡĹֱϣͬĸ߽״ףҲ޷ܡ
Եһڵһ㣬˳ȥ
Զˣֻ֮ܿһƬ·˸
ڷɳңԶһξ󣬾ԲסڵĴϢţĿɽϲ峤ˡ
ã
ûҵжϣҵĵӰ磬ȷʵ͡˵һֱҪҵԲ鿴΢һ
ʱ磬ϸܵѺۺܶࡣɽϲ峤˵Ĺþ类شĴˣھԤ֮еġ
ھԾɱϲ峤ʱ򣬾֪ԼӲ˹ضˡ
ϲ峤ѾɱֻҪ߽״׵ĹȻˣѹͬࡣ
˿ɽϲ峤ˣɾıסˡ
һ·˹ı顣


1744 
ģѾϤĳʶ
ھԶϲ峤ʱΧκԣͨþԲòԾȣϲ峤
û뵽ԸǵĹһУѡȫϲ峤
ֻҲˣϲ峤ɱҲܽܡϲ峤ֲǡ
ǣӲ˵Ĺ󣬾ȻվšңϵϢȻǳǿ󣬲Ǳˡ
ıסˣҪˡ
޷š
׽磬Ȼܹȫߣǳ˵Ĺ
ֵˣԳŲϼʼأɽϲ峤˱ƽ˵

̫ˡ
޷Ըɣ
ɽϲ峤˿ٽ󣬾˾ǲ뾰ɱˡ
峤ߣɽϲ峤û
ȻҲϲ峤ɱ龰ͼɭĽ֣Ҳʱֹͣɽϲ峤˵ı࣬˶µ״̬
ɽϲ峤ĻٶԶݶȥҲƵˡ
УԲࡣЩԣǵ£ǵ̹Ȼһ߸ηӡɵʱǵıԾͱֳˣǱһ˸ϧ
ܿģ߽״׾ӵӰ١
ԣȻûȥ׷
ʵϣԵʱ򣬲ɳһΪ⼸߽״ײߣԼɱĻǶԾԼ˵ҲԲǺý
ϸƺܶ࣬ҪץʱˡڳļƣĿľΪŻǼ߽״ףǡٲɱȥԵܻһǾҲ군ˡ
ԷеͼɭǰЦЦ
ͼ峤лˡԶͼɭ˹֡
ͼɭѾˣ٣ͼɭֵѹ
Ҳ֣ĸ֣ǾԺܸܿͳŲӰͻƵʱͻᱻѹ
ˡû뵽ôɣȻֶΡ£һᴫ׽硣ͼɭ˿˻Ծ˵
ͼɭԵҲһˡ
ǰԾ𾴣ΪʥʦڣͲʥʦһλɱ߽״׵Ŀǿˡ
ǣǳĿֲ
ͼ峤ŵĲɱҵһЩƣҪˡ·̣Ǿͳۣ˫̳ǰɡԶͼɭ˵
ãû⣬ˣ·齻ǡͼɭԴûκ
ͼɭֱȡһһۣԶͼЦЦۣ˸䣬㿪ʼչˣͬʱҲϤԼոͻƵĵӰ硣
ۣ˫̳ǿٷС

ףԵʦʵжǿ
ѵ˸߽״ף
ǣ߽״ףѵǿ𣿡
ͼһ⣬Щ벻ס
߽״ΧȻɱеһ⣬µʵһһ㹻˰ɣϾУҲû߽״ס
߽״߽״ףҲǲһġ
ҡľ磬ӦֻǶ״ײǸ߽״ס֮ǿΪѧȵȡע⵽ʹõĴǺǡ֮ͼɭ˵
ȷԵĴ֮
֪ԼδδӴԵĴңǼɱʱҲ˵Ļͼɭ²⣬յĿǴ˵е֮
Ӧ׽ǿ˰ɣȻһЩ˵У׽绹бΪĿǿߣƺδ˼ͼ诵
ȷʵеģֻǡӦú֮ǰͲ׽ˡ˵׽磬иΪĻ档ͼϲյϢһЩϢ׽һЩߣ뿪׽硣ֻǣ׸뿪׽磬ͼϲ֪ͼɭ˵
׽ˣЩԣ֪ϢҲܶࡣѾĻ磬ȴҲȥ׽һЩ߳ȥӦöǻԵɺϲʶ

ԵĻָǿڻ۵ִ˫̳֮ǰѾָȫָӰܣҲ׵ڣѾܹӳӰȫܡ
ɽϲ߽״׽֣ӦһЩ
Ѿطˣͼ峤Ǿʹ˱ɣ˫̳ڣʹǰͼɭ΢Ц˵


1745 ¼
ʹ󸽽Եվ
ڣͼɭԾԹ֡
Ժ󻹻𣿡ͼ̧üʾԡ
лᣬҶȥͼϲ͡΢΢Ц˵
ԵĻͼ诺ܸˡ
򵥵ĵ󣬾ԽͨƮĳʹǶö׾󣬴ԵӰʧ
ĪݴʱǬ磬һֱڳ˯֮СǣȻ̽鵽ĪݵꡣֻǶһö׾ǻԵĪݾͻᱻų
ͨʹĴͣܿģԾͻصƮ
ԵӰϲ䡣
뿪׽磬˼󣬾Ӱ¶˴кߡ
Ӱϲ峤Ӱ˼ԣϲ֣ϯ˵Ҫ޾֮Ҳ
ûиǣԼǴ׽ġڴ磬Ҳֻ˵Ҫ޾
Ӱϲ˵ԵȻܾˣ׽硣
һΣ׽Ҳв̵ʱ䣬ʱȥˡ
Ե̬ȱȽϼӰӰХҲͲٶ˵ˡ
Ӱϲ䶺죬ŸȥӰ¶ͳԶӰ¶һսоһ뾰ԷֱԼԶˡҲ֪Ϊָооǿҡ
澰һߣûͬ⣬ֻ˵Եټ
޲ɢ֮ϯڻˡ
һˣԭϲҩλá׽ʱ򣬾ǳͨȻҲ⸽ϲûзֻ֣Ϊͨذˡ
һУھ˵̫ѣϸֻ̽˲һʱ䣬ͷĽڵ㡣ҵڵ㣬뿪׽صͺܼˡ
ٻˣһ׽ƮӰʧ
׽磬Եջɺܴ󡣹׾׬˾˵֡Ȼˣջ񣬻ڼڵͻƣڷһϣɹ̤ĲΡ
˵һĸ߽𣬾Եʵѹ
ţ
մ׽Եɫ΢΢һ
Ϊ͸о־ͻȻ
֣ʲô̴ѯʡ
־Ȼ⽵ԼӴ
ԣ׽ʱ䣬һ¡ˣݻ˿սˡ־
ʲôô£Դһ
ˣݻ˿սݻˣʲô
֮ǰݻߴݻƺֻһ֯˵ϵ뿪˲һȷе˵ݻһɡ
ȴ˵ݻˡѵݻҲ£
׽󲻾ãݻսԭȻɢһЩ廹ҪȰݻǿٵġɰݻ£룬Ͳͬˡӿս󣬿˾ͽڽڰˣս־˵
İݻ
ݻΪҪ뿪˿սݻ뿪˹ϵȻһֱãԶûսĵزɣ˫Ǳžˮˮ𣿡üʵ
ݻ˵ıվŵǽ־˵
֣һӾˡ
һսġϢ΢΢ᣬ
ȺɱӣýȷŭԼǰ׽磬޷ҵԼ𣬱㽫תƣȻ͵ùˡ
ڿһսֻ²־ôż١
ͻȻɫһ䣬˵֣׽ʱôû֪ͨ£
׽磿
һռ䣬ҵ־ǽȥģô֪ͨ㣿־˵
ʲô׽ռ䣬㶼ȥԻ汻һ
û׽磬ʵһλǳǿĳʼ鴴Ŀռ䡣λʼ飬Ϊ档ǻ浮ǿĳʼ֮һʵжǿ޷һԱȣŮĸ߽𣬶ԶĶ֡ǸεǿߣѾعƣķѪٵ׽磬ͬԼķת־˵
ԻȻĵͷ
ѹ֣׽󣬾͸оط粻ͬս׽ʱռ޷ʩչ
ǿĳʼ֮һжǿŮԶĶ֣£Ů൱Ĵڡ
ŮǸεǿߣѾǻжĸ߽ˡ
ԣҲཻˣĵ̫ࡣ㣬ץؿǿɡڵ״˼ֲ˶ˡ־˵һ仰ɢˡ
ǰ߶ķռʩչ˲Ƹ·


1746 ԫ
׽ڵ㣬뿪˽·ǷǳңԶġ
ԴŮ踮ۡ׽ڵ㣬ʱ䡣Ů踮ۡ˽ҲһκԶľ롣
ȻŮ踮ۡ׽ڵ㣬Բûż·ڵľ̤𾳽磬ٶȫ·ǲôʱ䡣
Լʮ󣬾Աǽ˿˽
ˣٸȺɵˣ塢塢ڤ塢ȵȺʵǿ
ˣĽľŽ磬ҲǲС򡣲˽ȣǾձϵһ֥ѡ
Խ뿪˽󣬾˸Ӧ
ڿ˽ķ֮Եöƽ
ʩչռ˲ơ
ǰ棬һƬ򣬲֪һȺġԷһƬȲŽһ磬ӦһǺǿȺռݡ
ֱ˲ƽ֮ڡ
ЩУһЩԶŴڿʹá
дǾͲ÷и·ͨ󣬿Ժܿ͵ִ￪ǳе
⡭
󣬾Եı
򣬷ң̮֧ݶΪ
Ȼ׶ս𡣰ݻˣѾһ
̿嫵
ϢԸ֪
ƬУкܶܶšת񼫶Ⱥ䡣
Ȼ򱻹ݻܽһ鶼ɱ⡣ǣǽ򳹵׻𡣵Ȼˣ԰ݻ˵ʵҪһ򣬵Ҳ̫Ѱ쵽ֻǣ״ݻһ򣬶԰ݻ˵
һڣԴֱӴݻٽԴҲͬᱻݻ١ݻɵͲ᲻ҪڵԴ
Ӱһ˲ƽһǳеĵط
һƬԫ档
Ƭԫϣǻмٵ鹶ӲдԸӦǵϢ
ھ̽ʱһӾϿշɹ鿴ԣȫ΢΢һ𣬶ȻӿٶԶȥ
һ൱ʾ顣
壿Կ󣬿е˵
壬ǿ˵һеȺȺڣĸǿߡʲεĶ飬ȺҲĴ
һ͵ǰתʱֹͣ
ɫ԰ףһ˫ͫڣȴ޾ķŭ׺ݵĶžԡ
ҪɱɱҾԲЩĻ쵰ȵ
߾ȫֵ޷ٶףԵʵܶ࣬Ҳá
ɱ㣿ǿ˵飬Ϊɱ㣿˵
ţ΢΢һ㶡
㡭㲻ǰݻ˵ģ
ԾܣǰѾԵݻ˵ǿˡԵ˼ƺе
Ȼ࣡Ե

ҸյһǶ𣿡ʵ
ԵĻ۾ֺŭҵ𶯡
ˣȷʵǶ򡣲һжˡǶ壬군ˡȺļλˣҲ˰ɣİݻˣͳҷŭ˵
ݻˣʲôʱ򹥻Ƭģʡ
ǰɣ
ٶǰݻ˵İ࣬ͻȻǶǣֵסܿͱơЩĻ쵰޶֪ɱ˶ˡʵ΢ǿһ˱֣ض׷ɱǣӶԴ򣬿Ҳһóˡޱմű˵
ԵɫҲԽԽ
ڣаݻ𣿡Զ˶ʡ
У
֪ݻߣۼڰ³ǡİݻߣ󲿷ֶѾˡٲ֣ǸѹԴתͳȥЩĻ쵰ҧгݵ˵
³ǣԵ
ţڰ³ǡ³ǣǶ֮ǡȺˣһֱסڰ³ǡֻڣ³ǱݻЩĶռˡ˵
³ǾԶ𣿡ʡ
Զġͨ󣬺ִܿܵǣЩеĴ󣬶ݻİռˡλˣʲôѵҪȥ³ǧȥ࣬Ǳݻİ෢֣ǲŹġʶƺǰ³ǣæȰ˵
ЦЦ
ݻ̬ȣԵȻ֪ݻ˵ı󣬾ǽ֧֡࣬ôܻкõ̬ȣɱɣ


1747 ճ
Ȼ޼˰ݻߣֻһ൱ʲε߶ѣʲô
ݻЩ߷֣ǿܾ·һתӣΪΪǰݻˡ
ڶڵҪУͷ󻹶šݻߣ֮ԱҪеĴͷҲΪԼҪʹЩͷǴѹβƸԴûдͷͺ鷳
ͷ󣬶ݻռţҲֻаݻʹôͷ󡣶飬ûȨʹôģʵǿĶһֻ֣ҪڰݻϾͻᱻɱ
ݻ˵ߣֶμпᡣ
Ĵûлشݻ⣬Ǽʵ
ԫ棬̽޴󷨴ڡǰУҲѾƻˡУŵĶ鶼١
ǿճǡճǣһ󡣲ˣճǵĴҲݻЩռˣ޷ʹõġ˵
޷ǰճǣ㽫ճǵλøҡˣҲһǰճǣ㺦£ҲԼ뿪㡣˵
ˣ治ȥճǡЩݻ̣ϳ壬϶ᶯɱġ˵ʵȻǿǿشİݻУкֲܿǿߴڡҪȰ˵ԲҪӽճǡ
˵ˣûϵġж٣ɱ١ԵĮ˵
ˣ㽫ճλøңȻȥˡԼ˵
ðɣˣңȥճǡ飬̬Ⱥܼ˵
ҲáģݻЩˣ¶Щ΢Ц
ճǶһǣӾԺλǰճǣ·;ǲңԶ
Ϊ˸ʱ䣬ֱӻӳŶ·ռޣʩչ˼Ρ
飬ֻܷң޷ųȥһѪڵĸоܿģָܷ
۾һɻĿ˿ܵĻ
һǱһ
Ϊ֣ԼڵλãƺѾǿճǵĵ
Źȥʱ䣿Ȼ͵˿ճǵĵʲôٶȣ
飬˿ԡԼãλĴˣʵܳжϡ
ͼ˵ģӦþǽճǵˡһ·λֱӽճǡԶԶͼ˵
ͼæָһ
ಣ
һ˲ơ
ͼĸйٴλָʱȻ֣ԼѾִճǡλˣڿճӴĳϿա
ճڵ飬ܶࡣ
̿ӦϢЩϢ΢ѴҵϢǿ顣
ͼ˵ǿߣ඼ݻ˵߸ɱˡ
ԴŰͼ䵽ڣճǵķͱݻˣڽУ谭Ե̽λãһƬ㳡ϣŰͼһ͵Ƭ㳡
ĸһЩֳ߻ԿЩˣ֪ǰݻ˵ߡǣճǵĴ
ھԵ̽У֣ڸһڣ൱εߡ
ԺͰͼڹ㳡ϣЩشˣû̫ע⡣ԣŴȥ
ͼ˿ԣֹԥҲٸȥ
վס
Сӣﲻܽӽġ
ûУǰһ͵߶߹ľԺǳ
ޱ飬δֹͣŲ

Сӣ߶ŭһֳԱƽ
ס֣
ʱһ
һӣһ˹
λˣȲҪ֡ӣϴֺõЦݣǼݻ˵
ݻߣֺ̬Ŷӡ
ūźôĵӣҵȣߺǳӡ
ҲҪλˣҿûǸӡֻǣʶǡǣҵѡͶݻġӰ֣Ц˵
ͼѹӣֶ԰ͼ֡
ʶͼ
ӣҲ൱ʲεߣδﵽ𾳽ĲΡϢҲΪ񣬿ҲͲһ㣬̤Ρ
ͼɫĿֱĿӡ
ԴʱҲˣǶӣȻǶ飬ڣӦͶݻˡ


1748 ֱ
ڵıֿƺĳڰݻˡ
Ϊΰͼ˵
˵ͼͶݻģ⵱ȻǼٻͼǾԴȻҪͶݻô˵ֻһܣӰݻЩоȰͼ
ӣþԺͰͼȥ
ͼ㣡ѣݼ⼸λݻĴˡӴߴ١
ԺͰͼȷʵ߹ֻǽûм١ǼݻߣЩͷ˵ͼ;齵ǵĺǵûٶֵ˼
ȻٶȲ죬Ͼ˫ޣܿģԺͰͼ͵˽
λˣǰͼҲһʵĶ顣ٺ٣λǰͼѣҶˡӹǼݻߵͷġ
ңЩ࣬Ұͼɲ£ͶǣߣΣͼ
ͼѾ׼ɱˡ
֪ʹôģҪݻͶ
ͼ仰ǽйҵĶɫ䣬亹ֱð
ͼں˵ʲô㲻ˣҴŭͼ

Ļ쵰ǣ
˶ɣǼݻߣף׺ݵĶŰͼҪ֡
ͼҲ׼߶۾Ҫƴɱ

ʱһֱûľԣ³һ֡
³ؼ䷨֮Ȼ񱩵ķ֮ɨ򼸸ݻߡ
⼸ݻߣǵۿԿḶ́ںʱڣΪһ촷ۡʹõȵȣͬûҴ棬ֲķ֮£˷۳
ͼ͹飬ĿɿڴĿԡ
⡭ʲôʵ
ƺû֣
ֻоؼ䷨֮ͻȻͱЩݻǿһʧˣͺǱʲôֲĶһ㡣
̫ˡ
⡭λˡʱ򣬲ʶͼһжôֲ
ΪǰͼѣȻǶ飬ڶڣĿɲǶ顣һЩȺ飬ҲһЩ
㲻ض˵Ҳؽͣ㷽ͼȰͼķϣҲɱ㡣Դ˹ҵĻ
ллллˡæл
̫ˣλ˵ʵ̫ǿˣ
ңΪҪЩͶͼŭĺʵ
Ͷ𣿰ͼҲܸıκ飬ʲôأһţܶ¼ˡεĻӦ
ͼĬ
ȻԹͶΪȻջ𡢺ߡǣ֪ηⷬ
ಣ
ӹ㳡һڣӰٷ˳ߣĿɨ󸽽ǣɱŨ
ǸճǴİݻǿߡǵʵ൱Ρ
ھɱһԿߵʱ˾͸ӦˡֻǣȻǵ⡣ڲԣ̷гǳȴûǵٶȣǵԤϡ

ĶĶ壬ǣΰİݻʴȡ
ɱݻߣɣǶҪڵĶ壬ǣɱǣȮ
ݻǿߣһĽɱ֮䡣
ͼ͹ңɫòҰסŨɱ⣬ǵѹ̫ˡ
ݻǿߣ൱𡣶ͼˣֻ൱ʶѡϣصĲࡣ
ܣҶԾԺͰͼһ
ܣ
ɱ˰ݻʿܣǿЦңҪ쵰ϵÿһⶼ˺ݻǿײе˻š
룡üĿⶢݻǿߡ
ǣǰݻ˴Ѿʲôλˣޱʵ
Сӣëɣݻǿ΢΢һ㶣ĺ
˵ðɣ˵ȥɣ΢΢ҡͷ
ৣ
֣΢΢һ¡
ԿݻǿܵĿռڣƺģָӡЩָӡٵ£
ݻ߷·ʲôæ߶ȫֵҪѳǣȻһ㡣൱εߣܵסԵĹ
žણžણ
΢ݻǿߵ壬ֱӾͱˡ
УͺѪˡѪεİݻǿߣҽжûüͱֻһˣ


1749 ˹
ڰͼε߶ԣۼʥǿ߱󱬣ǵ
ΣǶʥ
Ⱥڶ࣬ȺзģǾ徳ϵĳν಻ͬġ
ݻǿߺ󣬾ֱһɨĲԴ
ֻԴǾȷʵںǣؿճǴ󣬸ΪݻתԴˣǵϺܿдѹδתƵԴ
Ҳûϸֻһ뵽Ǭڡ
󡭡ˡ
ͼ͹ңͲ֪˵ʲôˡ
λ˵ʵֱ޷ݡλˣѵǴ˵еĻǿߣ
ڲǲڻġĴȺھԺͰѩ֮ǰûбĻ˵ˡ
ԣ֮ڣǿľʥߣҲȺ졣
ͼߣȻҲһЩʶ֪УҪʥǿߣǻˡ
ʥǿߣǲǻʲô
ǲηңǿ˵һԱ壬Ҳǿ˵ĳԱԼ˺ܽţЦЦ˵
ˣҪǰǶ֮ǡͼ֮ǰ㲻˵֮ǻһЩݻ˵û뿪Ҵȥ֮ǣɱ⡣Խ˵
ˣҸһȥȻʵ΢һЩҲܰæͼܵ
ҲãǾһͰɡԵͷ
ңô˵ͼһԵĹҡ
ҲԸǰ֮ǡҲûԥ
ʵȻ֮ǰͶ˰ݻˣû䡣ҲΪˣԲûɱڣҿ˽ݻЩ쵰ӶϳȥϣȻԥʲôλĴˣʵ죬ָɱʥǿߡ
²˳٣߰ɣȽ봫󷨡
ҺͰͼ
һĻڶӰʧ

֮ǡ
ģݻ߻١
һ򣬱ϾеȺĽԴǺܶġΪȷЩԴתƵݻˣһ㳬ʮǿߡʮǿߣһֲڽļǡһ룬Ͷ֮ڡ
֮ڣЩݻ˵ߣ֪ڿճǷ顣նɱճǰݻߣȫɱЩˣûʱ䴫ϢȻˣھԶ֮ǰʹϢҲǿԵģھԶ֮ǰѹûҪϢ֮ǡ
˹ǶȺһλ죬Ҳһλʥǿߡ
ʱ˹ڣ磬˫Ŀͨ졣
һڣϣ͸һɫЩɫɲѰһּΪĲ϶ɣε̣߱޷ʩչѹƲʴ
屻ʴǺʹġ
˹һֱڳֿµĥ
԰ݻսܺ˹ûսݻǿѹݻûֱɱһֱĥȻݻҲϣܳ
弸ʥǿߣ඼սˡʥǿߣҲ˹һݻ֮Ըôϣ˹Ҳϣ˹ܹ˳ݻ˵ˣݻϣһܱԼٿء
˹Ƕ죬ȺȻżӰͺ
˹ȻһֱĥȴδҡԸҲԸڰݻ壬ᱳѿˡ
˹ҲûоУϣĻִδϨãˣһɱȶĽ
ڵڣ˹ѺһģвֶǿߡЩǿߣеĳܲʴʹɱˣҲеģ԰ݻˡڿ֧֡

ҪţҪǿǵһ졣ҪţЩıӵİݻɱɾ˹вϵŭš
֮ǴһͻȻ˸
ܣʮݻ߿ءЩشߣȽ⡣
ǣǿ˴ֹ֪˴ط͹û̹̽ǿʹôģԼˡ
Ĵ󣬳˼֮ģƻˡǼǣֶԼȫơԣʹôģ϶ǰݻڲԱ
⴫ÿһʱ䶼ʹãһ㶼ǼǵİݻߴӸԴ֮ǡ


1750 
ֱ˴Ӵ߳ݻЩ߲ע⵽߳ĲԼˡ
ʮݻߣȺӦ˹
ৣ
һȺˣΧ£һɱڡɫơ
ʲôˣ
󵨣Ҵݻ󣡡

һ͹㳡
Ŀɨ⼸ʮݻߣЩʵҲ൱Ρ
ǣǰݻ˵ߣûб仯Įʵ
ߣǵȻǰݻߡСӣ㱨ݣкĿģһ˾Ӹµ̬žԡ
ҵݣǲҪ֪ĿģȻɱЩġǸֳһĨЦݡ

ŪԵĻݻʮ߶ʱըӶ׺žɱ
һ
ռڣķ·ֳÿһݻܣз֡ЩƣɢֲЩݻߣסѲ
һ֡
֮ȻҫĿĹ⻪˸Ż˿ߣ͸Щݻߵ塣ݻʮߣͬʱķƴ͸ЩƵʮգۼֽ촷ۡ
ǰ󲻵һʱ䣬ʮݻߣȫʧˡ͹㳡Уֻʣ¾ԡͼ͹ˡ
һξԳ֣ʶĿһ£ûнЩݻԴҲ
һ󶣶һ״ƶռ䣬䵽㳡ʯϡ
ͼңʰһԶ԰ͼ˵
׾Ե˼һٽ㳡ЩԴʰ
֮ǣһݻӴ󹬵֮ڡ
ȣ
ӣǲصʱһЩԸ⡣ڿӿɱǰɱǿˡ
ȷʵڵĺܣҶ뿪ˡǰߣǰݻɱÿ˽ڽڰˣڵٶȣò˼꣬˾ͳ׸ˡʱǿܾͻᱻ߰ɡ
ôˣʹһһ졣
ԶԶԣȣ
㣬ӵƣһǿߣվһսսŮӺȵ
ڣΰݻڳԺ֣֮⣬вٶŮźЩŮߣŴơ
ĶŮӣͷСǰžƺơƺ΢һкһһƳȵļ⵶ݺݵĴŵİݻǿߡ⵶ɫ˼ǿĶҺǱУǿ߶Σա
͵ϮݻǿߵĶŮӣбɣһ൱εĶߡǣĴ󲿷Ϊˡץסܾ裬źЩݻǿߡ
ҵһᣬɱߵİݻǿߡ
ǣʧˡ
еļ⵶δӽݻǿߣͱԷˡ
ǰݻǿߣһ¶̵Цݡ
һץסɵֱۡ
Ҳɱң
ݻǿһ䣬һת
ɵĽµıѩһڻʧƺΪ˳ͷɣǰݻǿû̾Ҫ˱ɵñɳָʹࡣ
ǣɴʼգûзκȻʹǳǿңǿ嶼޷ܡǣҧɫ촽ûзҽ
ʵ֪İɱΪûлɹ˵ΪȫʢʱڣҲûᰵɱһʥǿߡ޷˵ˡ
ЩĶɱǣɱɺǶǿַߺ޵һ䡣
ŮߣĿжΡ
ţ
ʱͻȻɫһ䣬͵վ
ã͹㳡ˡ
ߣǿȥ
͹㳡ʮݻ߱նɱʱԵÿյġ
ݻǿߣ̷˴͹㳡ϡǳԺֵĵطڴ͹㳡Զǿ͹㳡վİˣԭļʮݻ߶ʧǵɫʱһɲõԤС
ʲôˣɱɵİݻǿߣžԺʡ
ͼ͹ңǶ飬ЩݻǿߵȻһ۾ϳĶ壬ǲʲôвԣֱģӦþǸɫ۵塣Ϣƺ塣
飬Ȼ˶ǣӦǰߵֵݻ˵Ĵģ
ࣿߣ࣬ôĵӣҵͲһݻǿߴ˵


1751 
ڶ֮ǵİݻߣһˡһǵһʵ˶ǵʵ
ĸݻߣнţȴû϶ԾԶ֡ΪǻȷԵʵ
Ҫ֪͹㳡ԭʮݻߵġʱ⼸ʮ˶ʧϿжЩ˶ɱˡô˶ʱɱʮ˶ʬ޴棬Բһġ
ģЩߣԵͳȵ
Щ˶˵ϻѡֱӳ֡
ڿճǴ͹㳡龰࣬ݻǿߵܣռڷֱָӡֵĺһơӡһգ֮
ݻǿߣʵǿһ൱һģ޷ѡ

ⲻܣ
ɶǻǻεǿߣĪ徰ԣ
ݻߣεǿߡһǾԣһǰѩѩŮԣǰԣôֻڿľԡ
ǣжϳݣѾˡھԵĿ£ûκλᡣ˵ЩεߣһĻҲƿԵĿơ
һ죬ݻǿ߾ͻΪѪһصԴ
ৣ
ЩԴ󣬾һʧڴ͹㳡ϡ
ɭĵ֮С
Щ棬ʵһ㡣еǰ취ʰǡ
㣡㣡㣬ٸ˵ݻĻɱǣ
ݻߣֺԱѺĶ
Щ飬Ѫ߰ߣһЩ񶼴͡ģ÷ŭżߡЩߣжкɫޣⳤҲѰϣʹޱȡ
ﱻѺĶߣһûֳٰ޳ָо
飬Щصεİݻߡǣûκΰ취
ͨͨ
ʱǼݻĿߣȴͻȻ˵ڵء˵صκ
ô£
飬ƣɻŵزİݻߡǣ֪ʲô顣ЩݻߣſڵһƺˡԵ޹ʵģô
ţڣһɫӰ֡
ֻɫӰһ֣ڣбѺĶϵϢĶѡ飬ָɣʥǿ˹ϵҲϢĻ䵽ϡ
ֻǰһ䣬ƺзǳµķ֮
һ̣ǾͶʧڵУ֮ǵĴ͹㳡ϡ
⡭
ô£
λˣǣ
ҵĿ⣬ԡ
㡭ǾԴˣ˹˾ԣЩãһȻ
ʶңԿ˹Щ⡣
žԵ̿ͷ˵ΣںܶʱڣЩ˳Ծ˵ⶼ˳ֵ飬Ѷȡ
ţڿǣԴˣһλؾʱ򡣡˹һݵž˵
һλؾ˹Ҳȥ˿ǡԡ
ŶԭˡЦŵͷ
˹ϳԣȴûϳҲʱڿǵȺ̫ˣԲʶеʱڳˡοֻһͨеȺ㲻϶еȺ
飬ҲĿžԡ
ǿܶûԣǶ˵Ե֣֪飬һλεĿǿߣǰݻ죬Դߡ
϶кصƣȻָһ°ɡЩҩ̷ȥò˶ãƾܺõòˡָеһ£һſŶ˵ҩɳֱЩǰ
Щ飬ӹҩ̷ȥûκεԥ
Щ˵ʱͨ󣬴Űͼȥ˶ǣЩصİݻ߼ɱøɾֻص֮ǵĴ͹㳡
Щ飬ҲδķѶʱ䡣
˹˽վǰ
Դˣǲ֪θлĶ¡㣬Ƕ塭˹ϵԵл
壬ǿһԱ㲻ÿ԰ڰ֣ʲô
ҽ˹Ƕ֮һڣҲʣһˡ죬ڴսսˡ˹п˵
Ķ壬ĺҡʵǿһЩĶ壬ݻɱ˴롣


1752 ϹŴ
ڵİݻ߻ϱ壬ǶҪָ۷壬Ҫʱɲֻһ㡣
ڣ컹ʣһ˹˹쵼ôһڣڲҲڻҡ
ݻḶ۵ģ˵
Դˣǿ˵Ĵܲݻ˵Ĵսʤ١˵ϢݻѾҪ򵽿ȥˡǶƣǡ˹˵
˴ս˹ԿˣȻϢЩ㡣
Ҳǵóѵġ֮ǰһʱȥ˻֪ݻֿˡһˣȻǲ񡣡Եͳ˵
˹ڣϹŴ󣿴һ򣬵·;ңԶǻУ̫ʱˡתʵ
ϹŴ󣿡
һѾܾûʹùˡһҲǶ彨ġ˹һ£ڶڣȷʵһϹŴʹ
ʹ󣬴ڵ̫ƾˣ˹֪󷨵Ǻ˽졣
ңƺδʹùһʹ󡣿ǰҲжǿоҲˡ
ڶʹϹŴ󣬾Ե⡣󷢵ʹãҪġЩ󻹺ãҪޣһЩ񾧾㹻ˡ󷨣Ϳˡ
׽һ˴һΣҪһö׾һö׾һĴҲεߣõó
׽󣬻Ĵ
ڻУһЩһ˴һҪʮö׾ĴۣѰܹ֧ŵġ
ϹŴںδ˹ȥ˹˵ϹŴ΢΢һ
ãھͳ˹
²˳٣ھͶɡԵͷ
Ŀһת˰ͼ͹ˡ
λɡ˹ܿʱЭ˹ָ򡣡Զ˵
ǣԴˣͼ͹ҶӦ
֪ԵݺǶԾԵĹֱ˷ָĵزܾȥǶ̫ԥ
Ժ˹ͨ뿪֮ǣһǵĴַ˼ʱ
ԴˣǰǳɽϹŴڳɽڡ˹ָǰһɽԾ˵
ţԵͷһ֣Ӱһմ󣬽뵽ɽ֮ڡ
ʱ󣬾Ժ˹ͳһӴĴ֮ǰ
ΪѾ̫õʱûбԵЩưܡ̿Ǵʹ̽ϹŴǲǻʹá
һ̽󣬾ɳһϹŴ󷨣ûʲô⣬һЩϸ΢֮ҲѸٵĽ޸
Դˣ󷨻𣿡˹һԣʵ
ʹûʲô⣬һСˣֻҪ޸һ¼ɡ˹㲻ҪˣϽȥָֻĹɡԶ˹
ǣԴˣ˹
ˣмŵҩаȥɡһ֣ƿ
׽ʱ򣬾ԵõݣƳĸֵҩЩҩڻ涼ǼġԸ˹ЩǶ𾳽о޴һֵҩ
˹ӹҩޱȵļ
Ȼ֪ԸԼĵҩһ֣ȷԴ˳ֿ϶һĶԴ˵ЩҩԼаǿ϶о޴İ
лԴˣ˹ٴι
ˣȥɡ԰ڰ֡
˹뿪󣬾޸ϹŴ󷨡ϵĲϺܶ࣬޸ʱҪĲϣȫСԣûѶʱ䣬ϹŴ󷨾ͱ޸
ԽϹŴ󷨣Ƕ׾
ͨĴʹ񾧾ܼЩʹ񾧵ĻҲǲУҪ񾧵̫̫ǳ鷳
Ƕʮö׾˸⻪ɹʮö׾ǾԺĪˣҲ˵ʹһϹŴ󣬵һ˾Ҫö׾
Ҳѹ֣߸Ͳ󡣰ö׾ǿߣȫҼһаö׾
󷢼һͼӳ뾰ԺͷһӰ֮ʧͼǴʱͶλõġûͼǾǿĴҲûʲôֵֻĴͳȥ
ৣ
ĳռͻȻŤһɫӰ֡
ǡ
ɫӰǸոմӶʹϹŴ󷨵ľԡ


1753 ͷö
մӶͨϹŴ͵ľԣ̿ǿ꣬ȷԼλá
ҪȷȷλȻǲܵģϹŴ;뼫ңԶ͵λãҲ޷ܾ׼һ˵Ҳһŵꡣ
Ѿ㹻ˣһʱ䲻ܾ׼ȷλãҾǺķһʱλá
ͨĻͼʮʱ䣬֪Լεء
ﵽǣѾԶˡȫٸ·Ļִܵ￪򡣡
ţܵʱ䣬ץʱִ￪ǡ
ಣ
ռʩչӰʧ
ڻУʹռ·
գһƬŵġ·ܿĴڡһȻӴ󣬿˵ǾСͬһˮһɳ
ȻˣлͼĻҪҵһҲѡЩȺߡɢ޻һЩʼ飬ڻߣһ㶼ǽͼûлͼǼǸ߽״ŮǸεǿߣпʧ
󣬾𽥽ӽ˿ǡ
Ϊǻġ֪ûտǵĿˣڻȴ
ȴȺĽĽ򣬾뿪Ǻܽġ
ǣӰ´¡
ʵϣѰʱ䣬ǵǺܶࡣÿҲǻؾʱ򣬾ۼĸŻһЩ
ԴӰݻս󣬿ǾͱüٸȺǿߣкܶ඼ۼڳ֮ڡ
ᣬҲʱٿ£ݻս
鳤ͳϣ⼸˵ǽͷöΪڿݻ˵ĴսУʤ١ѾкܶȺĽ򱻰ݻ˻ơˣȴԮ
ƣڼС
ᣬֹģФǡФǴϯ鳤ݵλֻϯ鳤֮¡ϯ鳤ԴӸ뿪һֱûй
ᣬФǴϯ鳤󣬾λУǴ壬ڤ壬һ壬һ壬һǰ׾塣ʣµϣ塣ĿǰĳϣҲϯ鳤һûй
⼸Фǳϵĺܲù˶Եòࡣ
ϯ鳤ˣ
Фǵסк
Ф˵
棬ˣνľų֮һ
ʱνϵɫѿ
νϣʲô飿Фν¡
˫Ľˡν˿Ф˵
˫壬Ҳǿ˵ĳԱȺʵ࣬һеȵȺȻˣ˫Ľ뿪ǣҪȶöˡӿǵ˫ߵٶȣͨ·Ҳʮҵʱִ
֮˫뿪Ѿܽˡ
νĻФɫҰ
ʮǰݻ˾Ѿ˫˫˳ʮʱ䡣ڣڻǱˡ
ʵϣФԤϡ˫ǵסڰݻ˵ġǣ˫Ѿõ˺ܴ֧֣ǲ˴ǿǰȥ֧ԮҲǲȫסݻ˵׺ݹ
νϴϢФûбֳɫֻͷӳˡ
˫䣬һ仹Զ𣿻а꣬ݻ˾ܹˡ
ǵΣĬ˺һᣬФǲſڶνʵ
ܴǿ߾սʮλһλǿˡʧģ˫屾ߡ˫ߣ󲿷ֶս˫Ѿݻƿءǵˣڳˣռƻǽڰ׾ν̾һ˵
׾壬ԭǿ塣ǰ壬塢塢塢塢ڤ;塣ԣ᳤ϵְ񣬱׾嶥档׾һʵΪǿȺڤ塢;塣
׾Ľ򣬾뿪Ǹ
׾򱻻ƣôǾļΣˡӰ׾򵽿ǣмѾû̫Ⱥ塣
ˣ׾Ҳǿ˵ֵݻһϡˣȫڰ׾ݻ˵Ĺ
ڰ׾ݻڿ˵һơǾǣ׾һӴĴֱ֮ͨĴƽʱҲʹãսʱȻͲһ㴫ĵԴˡ


1754 ׾
ФǺνˣӶԷпĵǡ
׾һϣ뵲סФǵ
ǰ׾򱻹ƣǿǾͽֱӱ¶ڰݻǰǱƣҲ֧ˡνͷ֣صĵ
߽⣬Ⱥл·塭νФǣûм˵ȥ
Ƕ֪ݻ˱˭֪Էŵ⡣һ߽⣬ǰݻ˺䱳ˣԲ׷Ź塣
ȥ廹ڿǵ߾ӣǰ׾̫࣬ʹôĻǸֻܽˡФ˵
ǻһЩʱ䡣ݻ˻˫ӦҲҪһʱФǼ˵
ǣʹȥνվ뿪
ʱһȥ֮
飡
Фסţ͵ıƿ
νһ̤
ˣ
ˣˣνҵ˵
νһܳȵˣ彮ʱͷǳءοĳ
ڣνǻˡ
νϣôˣʲôˣФʵ
ҸոյõϢ׾򣬱ˣ׾壬Ѿݻռݡν˿ŬƽһЩ˵
ʲôФǴһ
ôܣ
˫򣬲űƲá׾ôᱻƣңڰ׾򣬷˴Ȼǰȥ׾ľӦδִ׾ôҲ˴󲿷ֵǿߡͻȻƣ
ңڹ˫ѵûԣ㲻Ǵ˫򵽰׾Ҳô죬Ŷʱ䣿Ф޷Ű׾򱻹ƵϢ
ϯ鳤˵ϢʱҲšǣϢѾȷ׾ȷʵˡ˲Ǵ׾򣬶һЩЩǿֱͨӴ˫ִ׾ģıνߵ˵
ǵĻͨǰ׾򣿸
Щ쵰Ҳϵǻڰ׾սԾʹһֲڰ׾ʵ˿پܰɣФǻ벻ͨ׾Ϊôͱơ
Ф鳤˵һЩϢһǿݻˡν˵
һǿսФ΢΢һ
һݻˣѾǿֵܹˡڣͻȻðһǿݻ֣ǿﻹл᣿
ʲôФ˵
ûȷ˲̽νҡҡͷ
ţͻȻνüͷ΢΢һ壬ĴѶʯ춯
Ф鳤ƺŮ︮ۡ͡νФ˵
Ů̫︮ۡͣˣߣȥӭӡФ˵Ů踮ۡͣʱ¶ϲ֮ɫæ˵
Ů踮ۡվڿߵġŮһֱȽϹաǰФǵ˿ܶŮ˽ⲻ࣬ӿ˺Ͱݻ˿սŮӴͶһЩ
˵Ůڱ֧֣ǿ˿߽ˡŮһЩϵòֻ𡢳ʼǿǣݻսݻ˲ֵܼڡ
ȻˣݻУҲнָʹһЩ𡢳ʼ顣
ĿǰΪֹŮͽͷûֱӲսҲǿ߶սĻǿɾ̫ˣ˵þҪĴս
ŮͽҲ˼һ㣬ȻùϵǲһЩսԼȴδֱӲս
ܿģФǺνͼŮ︮ۡʹߡʹߣʵҲŮ踮ۡһˣһλεߡ
ФǺνĳҲǰλŮʹߡʹŮ踮ۡʲôݣԷȴŮФǵ˶ŮˣǼĿźܵ͵̬
λŮʹҲûйĿףżɽֱӾ˵¡
ӦõõϢһǿݻˡŮʹ˵
ţҲողŵõصϢδȷʲôФ˵
òˣֱӸǡһĶŮʹ˵
ʲôһԴ᳤Ϸ
ôᣡǿûйϸݻ˺Ըˣ˵
Фǵ˫üҲ


1755 ֻһѡ
ڻ뿪˼ûκνġ
˵ľλϣܴû˵̫ңԶˡФǣҲڵδϯ鳤󣬲ŸһĽӴЩǿ֪ط
ĵһλǿĻЩĳʼŮﶼƽƽġصǳʼݣһͨճΪһߡ
λŮʹ߿ڡ
ǧǰǰҼ˸ۡΪף١ʱҲڡϯϣݻ˺ӦҲΪ˱Ůʹ߻˵
Ůʹⷬڳɫ԰ס
ҶһۣĬǣ֪˵һЩʲô
񣬿ѾΣڵϦˡ׾һҲݻ٣ôǾͽֱ԰ݻ˵ĹҪһĵȻֱӲսΪڻżӰ𣬵ȻҲܵǲһЩ𡢳ʼݻˡ
ôƺ군ˡ
㾰Թ鳤ǿ߹Ҳˡ
ʹߣŮܸǿ˸İ𣿡ãФǲٴοڡ
Ф鳤ҼҲΪˡҹ׼ǡҼ˵زסˣΪ˼ʧǳǡŮʹ˵
һߣŮĻﵽˣҲˡ
ڿ˻᲻߽⣬̫ġ
λҼ˵˼Ѿ˵ˡξ񣬾ͿԼľŮʹվ׼ˡ
Фǵˣ϶ŨŨΡ
ǣûκεİ취Ůûа취ˣЩˣʲôֵݻˣ
ƺֻдӿǳһѡ񡣿һôǿҲıˡ
ˣŮʹ뿪ǣֶص
ǵסģ
ǰһݻˣǿ˶޷⣬ֶһ
׾ѾơݻЩ쵰ºܿͻԿǷ
λϣ϶ķԡ
԰׾λ᳤ϣǱݡȺ򣬶ˣ֪ڰݻ˵Сʱһֶ˵
ΪĳϣҪڿǵȣҲȺһսаɡ
׾һսʧ٣Фݿʵ
ʧ޴ǿʮһλνӦ˵
ţʣµˣ̷ؿǡФ˵
ãʹѶν
ڣгѶߣڳ´ѶϢ
׾һսлߺͳʼ飬ȻǴڵõѶϢ󣬱̷ء֮£ͨ۸·ͻֱʹó
ͳʼ飬ߣܿͻص˿ǡ
ÿˣɫѿ
Щ𣬶кܶ˵ġ
Фϯ鳤λϣиԼټһЩŮ˵ĳʼ飬ÿ춼һô
ˣٸȺЩȺУƽʱǿǿߵġһս֮УһЩӵĻˡ
ǶǺܾúܾûлԾǿǿܻǰ֡Ҳû취ƲòԿݻˡ
ЩӵĻ𣬼ϴĳʼ飬һǰ˸ˡǰĴսһЩ䣬߻ͳʼ䡣ǰ׾һսһλڻλ֮С
Уѩ
ڿݻ˿ս󣬰ѩ˿ǡ壬Ů踮ۡ
ڴҪҪǣڳˣȽϴصĺų˵ģһһ룬˺Щ죬ûһ
ţ
ǡ
Ф鳤ݻʹߵ˿ǣνϲ鿴Ѷʯ̶Ф˵
ʲôݻ򵽿ˣФ͵վɫ䡣
Ҳ̫˰ɣʮҵʱѣ
ǣʹߣһˡνæһ䡣
ʹߣФЩΣӦ̫ˡ
ݻˣʹ߹ʲô
ǣǣѵǲһʹ߹ǣ
ʹߣǣұضҪɱ
ȱҲˣ˵һЩʲô㡣
ڣ˷׷˵


1756 
ˣڣŰݻʹ߽
ڳ˶ΪӦݻ˵ʹҪ˵һЩʲô
һɫӰ΢Цȫ۾ϯ鳤Фǡ
ѻ
ϳɫ۵ߡ
ѻݻ֮һǿߡݻ뿪˴򽻵ԶһЩڳܶ˶ʶѻ졣԰ݻļλ죬˻ҲϤ
ѻȫФǵ˷ŭԼ
ǺǣҶأѻվ˵
ѻʲôФǺʡ
ȻһĺϢλѻЦ˵
ʲôϢФʡ
Ҵݻˣ뿪˽̸СҪ˵ǣҰݻˣֹͣԿǵĽѻ˵
ţ
ʲô
ݻǣڣ
ݻ˳ˣǣǶ˵ȻһϢҺܿ췴Ӧֻ°ݻ˲ôģۿžܽ˹ƣȴͻȻߣԭǿ϶ô
ҪʲôФΪĴϯ鳤Ҳܳס
ȻФֻǵһ𣬲ǻ𡣵ǣôҲǴϯ鳤˵ĹЩ𣬶Ҫ
ǰݻҪģҲܼ򵥡ţ
һǿԲǣҲٹȺ򡣵ǣѾռݵĽԺǰݻˣ뿪޹ϵѻ˵
ⷬڳ˷׷ױɫ
ݻһ·ռݵĽ򳬹ʮȻ඼СȺĽ򣬵ҲǺܾ˵ġЩÿһźԴ
ЩȷʵЩ޷ܡǣӦǰݻ˼ǣʱȺ򶼻ᱻռݣĽҡ
Ф̧֣ȲҪۡ
űѻ˵һ֪ˡôڶأ
ǺǣڶǿˣҪ뾰Թϵ׽ˡӡŮбտߡ
ǴӦǾսѻĿзĹʣ˵
ⲻܣ
ߣһܿǡڶԲܣ
ûˣ¾Բ

ѻĵڶôˡݻˣҪ˽ԵˡȻǶ˽⾰Ե֪Եĵ¸߷Ҳ֪ԵĶŮƺ;ѩȵȡ
ЩϢҲȷʵǺΡڿˣ˶֪ЩϢ
Ǻǣ˲ôǾͽǰݻ˵ĴѻЦв˵
Ȱλʵһ㡣Ӧ֪԰ݻ˴ʱĽǵʵ̫Զˡѻ˵
ڣһЩƿڴ̬ȼľܾһЩˣȴǳĬƺڿһЩ˿Եˣܻսÿ˱ֵõġ
տҲڴڡ
û˵κλƽı£صȴޱߵ⡣
ݻҪˣԼǾԵʦ
λ԰ݻ˵ĹǾչ˾ԣأǶˣս˷ļˣһЩѰ߶ѣ࣬ǣҲûʧѻ˵
ѻ죡˵ʲôȥ˻һʱزѡڽڣ϶ء˺ǳ
˵ĺˡҲı䲻ʲôɣѻ˸ǣкܶˣڵءŪˣɲһ
ˣ˵ϻóɡͬãͬͱҰݻɨƽǡѻڴȵ
Ǹñˣ

˵ģǰѩ𡣰ѩǳĬԵˣӲսȻҲμ£Ӳܶʱ˶ӰѩĴڡʱѩ𿪿ڣñѻ졣
ѩվűѻ
ˡǵڶ붼Ҫ롣Уٸ辰Ի߾Եļˣҽ㵱ɱӰѩϣһɺ嫵ȶ
ѹűѻȹȥ
İѩѾ˵Ʈѩ֮ѩѾǶ׻𣬱ȱѻһ׻Ҫǿöࡣѩ֣Ǳѻ浲סܻᱻŪ
ʹߵݣѻҲЩˡ


1757 Ȼˣͱˣ
ѻԼԵеһЩֽŲȫΡ
Զ𾳽İѩѻȷʵȻ֮ңоõѩڼɫĿܵɱ
˵ˣ辰Ի߾Լˣұ㵱ɱ㡣ѩĿűѻ
ġ
ֻҪѻٸ˵辰Ժ;Լ˵Ļ̾ͻᶯ֡Էʹݣ֡
ߡѻһһΪȻӡ
治˵ˣɲ뽫ǰݻȻ϶͹ǣ˶ˣԺҲ
ϯ鳤Ǹô
һФʵһλӵĻ
˵˼أФǶ˹ֹʡ
鳤ڣǴϯ鳤ӦóϡȻңҾ˵˵ҵҲκˣֻ˵ʵ
ƾҶǣ赲ݻ˵ĹΨһϣǰݻ˷ǡҲ˵Ҫ濪ˣͱݻ𻺻˵
λ˼Ҷˡ
ôУôܽļˣ
ˣȾǸԾ𣡡
ǽûԴˣ
෴Ե
˵ˣֻ˵ʵκˡԾԣȻϤûκε⡣ξϣȻɿҪ˵ݻ˼սȨʱ˳ս˭װ׶λ˵
ȷʵûиõİ취ǿǱƣ߽⣬ݻһƿ˽򣬵ʱֻ»޷ѡһλӵҲڡ
λ
ʵǶ֪ݻ˱˭Ҳ֪ݻ˴ڵԭ򣬰ݻ˶սԭǾǵ鷳ľ˿˵ָԵ
սսսΣˣܣ
ûǲύκˣύˣ
Ǻ£ǰ뿪ˣǺܼ̬ȣݻ
˭ԵļˣҾɱ˭ѩ쳹ڴ֮С
ŰѩĻڵ¶Ȼ͡
仰һЩ˵ɫúѿѩദһʱ䣬԰ѩһ˽⡣λѩ𣬿ɲϲŻ˵Ľɫô˵ˣͻô
һʱ䣬պΡ
ٵյʱ䣬һյҾͻ᷵ءʱܸһȷĴ𰸣ҽΪǾ̸ܾѻ˵
ݵĳĬФǿ˵õһյˡѻһڶܡݻҪǾɣ
Ф̬ȼ
ãǾ͸ˣ͡ѻһ䣬Ҫ̤뿪мǺǣǾ͵űΪƽذɣ
ѻЩģѩסˡ
ָоǳĲãϲȥͼӴ׵Ľ˵һ飬ðݻǣ罫串
Ȼˣͱˡ
ʱһͻأ
Ʈ
һʱڣе˶¹۲죬Ҫҵ˵ˡǣǺܿͷ˵ƺڴ֮ڡ
ôܣ
ᣬǿ󷨷ġˣô⽫
ңƺЩ찡ˣָо
ڴԻʱһɫӰڴڡ
ˣǾԡ
һ·ٶȣڷţִ˿ǡʵϣԽ뿪Ѿһʱ䣬౴ѻյִҲ͵ˡԵǿǣڷ飬һĿȻ
û뿴˻ʲô̬ȡھԿһУԿ˵̬ȣǱȽġ
Դˣ
𣡡
ˣ
ڵˣʶԡʱԣ϶¶ϲɫǲڵʵǾԵĵλڿȴȡ
λѺáԶ˹˹֡
ǼһֱӣֱսʼĻҲһۺվԾԻ񡣾ԵĴǿ׹֪ǷǳĻǰ;ǿܳɾ͸߽Ĵڡ
ɣˣѻٴοڡ
ԤУǿҡ룬ȥˣҪ뿪Ůʱ򣬱ѻۿԳʰضġҲ𾳽ǿߣȴ׻ܡ


1758 һɱѻ
ѻԸԾԡ
ž֮ǰǾԲһҲ·һԣ뿪ǵͷ͸ǿˡԻ϶ѻУЩǿĻԸ԰ɡ
ѻߵ𣿡תĿѻ䣬·ڿһˡ
ѻǰݻ֮һ
ֿǵİݻˣ԰ݻΪ塣ȻһЩͳʼڽ֮ݻͬжģ˵־ͽаݻˡ
Ϊݻ˵ַô򱻹ƣݻ죬ԶԾɱǡ
ټϣѻ˾ԵӺͶŮþնɱѻ뷨ǿҡ
ôѵ㻹Ҳɣʣǿɾʹ̡ѻžЦ
㣬ȻΪʡǺǣʣ԰ݻһЩáǣЩĻĻ𣬿ɲں
ѻҵ˼ǣ㽫ڿǣЦһ˵
㡭ѻһ
㲻ôԣǴݻ˵ʹߡսնʹѻ˵ࡣ
ڴݻǰǵʱ򣬱ѻû뵽Լпڿǡ
ʵҲȷʵˡ
ڻУսУһҲٻնɱԷʹߡԣʱڿڶߣҲûлɱѻ뷨ҲͰѩвһ±ѻҲΪ˾汴ѻҪԵļˡ
Ҫɱѻ˵ɫҲ΢΢һ䡣
ѻΪݻ˵ʹڿڣϢȥ󣬶Կ˵Ӱܾͻܸ档
ʹߣ
Ǻǣֲݻ̸Уݻʲôʹߣѻ޷Ǿʹӣ̽ǵ鱨ˡڣм¶Ȼ߲ˡҡҡͷɫɭ˵
㡭ңѻЩˡ
ԾȻڶҺˡ
˵ڻ˵ͨΪڱѻ֮ǰûǰ֪ͨ˷档ѻͻȻִ￪ǵġֱѻУФǵ˲ŵõϢ
ڰݻΪûǰϢǣ䱾ϾǣȫûǷǿѾǰϵԼ׸ˣǲмǰ֪Ὺˡ
ݻˣȻΪ˸ɱѻҪ֪ݻѾ˰׾򣬴ʱܹɱˡ£ɱ˱ѻǲԼò
𣡡
ⱴѻǰݻ죬ȷʵǣ£ɱ˱ѻϢȥӰ첻áңѻˣǰݻʢŭ֮£̾ͻṥˡһӵĻʱ򿪿˵֧ڿɱѻ
תĿһۣ΢΢
ûлӦǻ𣬶ֿѻ̧𣬿кȳһ֡
ķ֮ʱ˳ӿѻ
ѻֻо˵ѹȶæԵֵͼˡ
֮ͷһͺΪܿռǽѹ޷һɣǿò˼

ܣ
㡭ôǿѻ߶д
Ů踮ۡʱ򣬱ѻԳ֣ĿþԻĹ̡ǸʱѾǿ϶ԶԶûڵʵ
ѻңˣԵͳ쳹
ۡ
ѻں͵һ
еˣĿⶼűѻֻѻܣȫŤӰҲüģһ죬֮ѻ廯Ϊ촷ۣһصԴ
һεǿڣֵ֮ûУھǰֻգ۵ʱ䣬ʬ޴档
Ƕûγ֣ƺǰ˰ֱۣռں嫵ķ֮ӿѻ˴С
⵽ʵ
ڣ֮⣬һ߸ǿߡǿģҲǰѩ׻εĴڡǣû̫ױѻġ
Ҳ˵Եǿ̶ȣѾǵ֪Իɱһ𣬵ָ֮ˣǶ޷еĹ̡
̫ǿˣ̫ײˣ
ѻ廯Ϊ촷ۺ󣬹˺һᣬû˵
Ф鳤ݻˣѾ˰׾򣿡ԶФѯʡ
ǡǵģڲ֮ǰ׾򱻹ơФȻѹӦ˵


1759 ʱ
ˣʧбФǵĻʵ
ǰ
ݻѾư׾򣬿һ϶ڡҪǵģӦεֵݻ˽ķ񹥻
ǵĴܲԵͷ
ţǿ˿˵Ѿ˾ǣѻڿǵϢӦúܿͻᱻݻ˵˵֪ѻǰݻ죬ڿǣǱضἫŭ˵ǶȵϴֱǲһȺͨǡФɫǳ˵
˵ⷬԹɱѻ
Ф뾰һ塣޿ȡġФܵδϯ鳤ְ񣬶ΪԡʵϣǾԵĳ֣ô֮ǰؾʱ嶼ܱż塣
ԣʲô飬ܵõȫֻ֧֡ҪԲ࣬˭޷ҡĵλ
ФǵЩڲʵҲΪϯ鳤Ӧ˵ġ
ФǵĻĬĬͷ
ڵԿ˶ԣȷʵЩ
ɱѻľȷʵЩˡһ𿪿˵
еһڲӵѾܴˣ˲֪ꡣδҹϵ˴ŲòΪ˶ս
ĿԼ˵Ҹ˶㲢κ˵Щ㡣ᣬ̤𾳽磬ϣɾ͸߽ġҲΪ㣬Ͳ˵
㲻ɱѻٻȡһʱ䡣ѻݻ˵ȻҲʹ˳ˣȷǲ̫żǡôиʱԲߡ˵
˵еѻڿǣݻЩ߱ضٶɱһλԪһ̾˵
˵ЩʲôãѻѾˣǻǿεֵݻ˼Ľɣһʼ˵
ڳļʼ飬ΪŮĹϵǵġΪ˳սΪŮ˼뿪ûʲôϵҲ˵㿪˸ҲνΪˣ֮ǰô˵ҲûȰ˵ԲҪɱѻݻ졣
ʱ䣬һЩġԿ˵ļˣǸЦ⡣
ݻ˵Ļͨʱ׼ʵ
λγƺԿŵ
ҽеӦԡ
ѣȲҪżҸոջصǣһЩҪ˽һ¡˽ϸ˵˵
ֿФʵФ鳤ܷϸ˵˵˴ΰݻ˵ĴУǿж٣ǵľ綼һΣ
ôʣФ̾˵֮ǰݻ˵ǿһʮĸǶ𾳽磬Ÿһ𾳽硣֣ݻôͻư׾Ϊõ֧֡棬Ӧεǿߣ׻һ׻𡣡
ǿȫȷֻڹ׾ʱˡԣ֣ҲܰٷְٵȷФǻ˵
ݻѾսʱ䣬ФǶ԰ݻЩǿߣǳ˽⣬֪Щǿߵ֡
Фǵⷬ˶ͷޱȵĳء
ڰݻ˺Ļȫܹѹ˵Ļ
ˣԭа˸ǿߣڰ׾սУսһλʣ߸ھԹͱڰ˸䡣˵Աȣ̫ˡ
ˣʤϣ
ţҲ˵ȷǵĵʮŸǿߡɱ˱ѻôҲʮ˸ʮ˸ǿľǶ׻һ߸׻µĶ׻𡣡΢΢ͷ˵
ǵģģЩĻ𡣡Ф˵
εߺͳʼ飬˫ôǣӦԣٴûסˡ
ԷȻ࣬ͲˡţһûСЩ𣬲ΪǡǸܻܲȥ͵ÿˡЦЦɵ˵
ʮһס׵Ļ𣬾Իûʮһ׺Ͷ׵Ļ𣬾Ǿһˣɵס


1760 Ц
˵ⷬõˣɫһ㶡
ʲô
ԵĿʮ𣬾ԾȻ˵Ļ⾰ԣһЩʲô
ˣƾʲôܵסԷʮ˸Ĺ
ǲǷˣ״Ū
˵ˣѩտ¶ˣµžԡݻ˷Ļ𣬿ɲǳصģǵֶκء
𣡡
֪֪Լ˵ʲôһƺЩŭˣŬԼ
Ȼ֪˵
Ǻǣлֱ˵ˣҲҪ˵սҲܵסôһ׺Ͷ׻𡣡ɫ
žԶԱѻ֣Ƶͽѻնɱ
ʵҲĶĶ׻ܿ׻սڴڵļ׻𣬶ɾͻɱѻ
仰˵ڳĻǿߣʶĵͷ
ѻ˵ģȷʵʵ׻Ҳһ˶Կʮһס׻һ׻ܶԿ׻ͲˡΪ׻ѾԼĵǿɲǺɱġ
ڻУһ׵Ļ׻ɱģΪһ׵ĻûԼĵյܴ
Һ˵ԼˣԿŵȻı˵
𶼲ǾԼܵסֹ֮⣬ﻹ߸εߺͳʼ飬ƾʲôãܵסݻǿߣͳ˵
ѣҵ˼ˡ
˵Ҳ𣬵û˵ҲɱҾ˵˰ɣУǰҲͬһԴһ˵
ԵȻš
ʲô׽磬һ߽״ײһɱһġԵս׽ʱһ߽״ףֻ׽ʱɡ
ݻ˺棬ûУԵȻڰ׾ЩˡԿǵǣԼһݻǿ߻ܺǽǣʲôӦ
ԲΪǻʹ˰ݡĿǣأǰˡпܣǻԳ֡
˵ʲô

ڿЦɣ𣬲һ
̫ˣԵѣʱˣɲҪ˵󻰣սʱǻ˵ġڵ󣬷׷׿˵
ǾǿЦ𣿡˵
ı飬˲ʶƺûпЦȲ˵Եܲɱ𣬷Դʱ̬ȣȻģԼΪԼɱһ㡣
໥һۣĬȻ
ƤӶ˼£ֹӡɻɱ׻ôȷʵϣˡžʵҲȷûʵ޷ȷ֮ǰðȻɣȻЩף뾰ûгԹŽԵˡ
ʵϣڳˣûžɱ˵Ǹ߽
ôܣ
ӻ浮гֵĸ߽Ҳһ֮
Բжõʱ䣿
и꣬ǵпܣǣڵͣ˵ˣʮ궼ûУ
ҪΪ߽ô򵥣
ģҲԡʵϣڷϣȷʵҲǸ߽ϸ˵ֻǶ𾳽磬δﵽԵֻ֮ǳնѣδﵽĳ̶ȡﵽΣ׻
ɾԵսȴó֮ڷϻʱ򣬾Ծնɱ־ӽ׻ǿˣôܱأ
Ф鳤Ļɣţɢˣйע׾ĶһֶԷ˽ӽǣ֪ͨҡҲЩŲԼĻתФ˵
áФǵͷ
ڵ飬½ȥ
ԣҲѩտ뿪һڡ
ʦտּ
տ£ԵǷĵ׵ġȻտȣʵѾ̫ࡣǣСʱʦտ¶󣬾Բ
ԣÿġտµЩнˡ
û취̫ˣһǿ߶ָɱǿ𰡣
ЦЦտͰѩȺ


1761 Ŷ
տµľ磬Ȼǵ𣬵ȵմӻؾʱȫȹ
ʦ߷ǣðɣº󣬾Զտʵ
߷žѩ;ƣס磬һֱտչǣտҲԴһֱģ߷˵Լ׽ˡ
ܺãܰȫǵΪȽϿ졣ǾƣʵѾڳ񾳽ˡտ¼򵥵˵һ¸߷˵
߷;ѩ磬֮ǰѾ̤ˡһξԻص͵ʱŴ磬ĿǰǾ񾳽δ̤ΡǻкԶ·Ҫߡ
Ƶĵ£ٶҲ㲻ܳΪߣ̤ⲻ
Ϊ˵̤񾳽磬ѾǺǿˡߣһҲ޷Ρ
֪ӺͶŮܰȫ󣬾ҲͿ԰ĵĶԸݻˡ
ѩֱӲ뿪ݻ˵սŮ᲻Կѩʵ
ġȻʦĵӣҲ壬ǿ˵ĳԱʦġѩҡͷ˵
Ǿͺáҿ㣬ƺѾǶˣЦЦ˵
ţ˱ѩ֮Ƕ׻𡣲ݻڶ׻࣬Ҳֹݻ˹һڿ˵Ľ򡣡ѩ¶Ρ
Ѿˡ
סǷģݻ˵ĹҲ͵Ϊֹˣǲᱻǹƣһֹǡò˶ãǾͿԿʼȫ淴ðݻ˸ۡ˵
ԣʱɾɱ˰ݻıѻ졣ڣʲô磿տʾԡ
ʵϣʱڳ飬ܺ澰Ե硣ѩܺ档
ԻɱѻḶ́ʵ̫ˣ쵽˶ӦǱѻˡѻôҲƵһ
Ǻǣ˵ҵķо粢ߣֻǶ׻𡣲ҵսȴЩܱȵġɱ߽׵𡣡΢Ц˵
԰ѩտ𣬾ҲҪʲôǾŵùġ׽磬ɱ߽״ס߽״ףǸ߽׵Ļ
仰ѩտʶס
ɱ߽
찡Ůж̲ס
߽ڻǵ֮ľͷվ˵ĴڡǰѩҲ޷һ߽׻Ȼܹնɱ
⻰ǾԿ˵ģȻ˵ˣôһģǶȫžԵĻ
ԣݻ˶ԼԿˣвеô󡣾ǽǶλֱӲսҲδܸˡԽ˵
šأйǵģӦòֱӲսôˣŮͿҲֱӲս˵߽ŮվǿߵġŮﲻǰʹߣ˼˳Ǳܿݻ˵ķâʱŮﲻ֪տ𻺻˵
ŮĿǣҲеġûлǿǿ϶زסݻ˵ȷʵ̫ˡӿǳȥȷʵܱһʵڣǾͲҪȥǳˡԵͷ˵

֣ԵĻмֿŶȣԪɫء
һڣеԪ𣬻ʼ顣
Ҳ˵׼Զǵ̬ȣĺܰʵǿҲ̫Щˡ˵
ھʱı֣ڻþԲ̫ǡ
ǹϵĴ鰡Ң֣ˡԪ̾Ϣ˵
˵ĲҢڰ׾֮սսĿ˻
ڿأһزסҲܻսݻ˵̫࣬ʱ߶δߵõԪ˵
Ĭ֪Ԫ˵ʲô
˺һ˵ǲǰ뿪ΣǶǿ˵ĻжôӣǶҪǡ
ţ˵ĶԡԪҲ˵ͷ
λѣǾأʼ飬ʡ
ȻڿǣŮﲻ뿪ǲߵġȻˣûκλᲢܵвҲ뿪ʼɫ˵
ˣŮĹϵΪ˶ս
ˣĺܸмλԮ֣صĶʼ


1762 ˣ
ʼ飬ҡͷڿ˵ĸмʼʵ̫ںھԻ֮ǰǶԿ˿ܻЩƲ
ʵҲȷʵˣ쳽˵ȷ̸ǿˣټٸȺһĸһŮĵӡһսгֵģĸھԻ֮ǰ
ھԻǵ棬ֻɱѻǿʼԽӿˡһǿڣȫһˡ
𲻱ؿ
Ҷ˵һ䣬ǾʵȷʵǿȻʱҲжսжǿҸопܹƥи߽𡣡ʼУǸ൱ڶ׻˵һ䡣
⻰Ԫɫһ
˵Ԫλ𣬶Կ˹ǺǿģҪȻҲݻսʱ䡣
ǵͺܴʸҲϡΪˣԲŶԾһЩ΢ʡǲûУԵ˵䡣ǴûԼǾԵҪ쵼ЩԭʱԾԵ̬Ȳ˴ĵ׵ĵִ
һëͷСӣѵָǲɣ
ȻˣǶԾҲûж⣬ֻ޷ȥȫξԡǿϾԣҲסʮ˸
Ҫһᣬ뾰̸̸˿˵

׾
ݻ˵Լϵ𣬶һݻڳԺȡ
׾򱻹ƺ󣬰ݻҲʵĿԷˡǿһϡǿԳֱ룬ֱӵִ￪ǡ
ɱЩǿߡʼ飬ҲǾƣ롣ԣڹư׾ҲѵõķɣĳԺȡ
˵ݻ˵壬ǰݻǣݻļ죬ڵλߡЩĻҲǺذݻ졣
ݻȻͳ˧л𣬿ЩĻ𣬻δػǵġ
ݻԴˣҲ֪ڣһʼҲûȥͳ˧ķû⣬ҲͰˡΣһֻҪܽǿˣ԰ݻķչо޴ĺôĲ˵⽮򣬶ܴܶһ顣
λһһɫ۵ԣվƱ˵
ݻĵһ죬Ҳһλ׻ǿߡ
ݻԭλġǻؾһλ챻ԸˣԾʣλ졣ʵȻǺǿġѻҲǰݻλ֮һ
ˡ
Ҳ̫ˣȣ
Щ𣬶඼ܿϱֳĶܿ
Ɑ֮
׾ѾƿءѾԸǡǺǣҪ˵ǾӦôƽһ·ѹȥ˳˵
Ȱݻ죬ʵ뿪ȥ̸Сݻ˼棬ɾѹˣƽƹȥǣ̸иʲôⲻ˷ʱ
ҪɨƽǺһԶԸ壬ҪɱҪץЩˣǺɼ򵥵飿
죬֮ǰ̸ˡ̸УҲǽ˵˼Ҳû취ˣҲѹŮɲǺöԸġһĻε˵
ȷʵŮһֱиʩѹΪˣбѻȥ̸СҲ볹׵ĵŮ˵ǰŮĹϵ㲻
صҲ˼ŮԳصͨˣܲŮӡһĻҲ˵
ǺǣףҾижˡλ֪صģý˺شæЦЦ˵
̸̸У̸ܲɣ˵ˡҿЩǲӦԼ˵ġֻ£ǻҪǿеƽǡѾεĳʼҡͷԵ˵
ûҲôΪ
żżȱѻӿǴʲôϢ˵ɡ
ԣǾȺȾƺˡ
Щмצڰ׾ŮؿŪš
ž
ʱһ졣
棬һݻ߽Ųص˽
һʱ䣬еĴĿⶼݻߡ
ô£ððʧʧģһߣĺȵ
һ£ͷ亹ͳ˵ˣˣˣ


1763 ޻
ϣѾһ㺮˪ɭɲһû˵ݻ߼˵ȥ
ڳĴǣҲ̸ֹͣڱ쳣
ѻˣˣ߲ͣ٣̾ͽ˵
˵ʲôȻһȡ
ѻȥ̸УôͻȻˣ
Ȼûѻڿǣȷſ˵˾ɱ˱ѻҲûӡ˵ѻʹߵǰǵģսնʹ
ˣҸոյõȷϢѻڿǡߵԴؿڡ
ܣЩôôǡôңŭŤգЩ
ݻ˾ʣλ죬ѻҲǾֻʣλˡ
һλôˣʧǾ޴ġ
Ҫ֪ݻ뿪˽սʱ䣬ݻ˲ڰ׾սɱһǵĻһ˵ȷʵҲôɱġǶ׻Ҳɱһһ׻
һ׻в𣬵һܣ治̫׽һһȻûԼĵɾŴ򾡽ԲֶεȻѷǿֻжսУȷʵ׾䣬һ³ǱΧס¼ֻǱס
ǲϢд
ǰǿ˾˷ˣҲ˶˰ɣɱݻ˵ʹߣѵζʲô𣿡
ڼ׷׿˵
㣬˵ô£ѻˣ˭ɱ˱ѻŬŭ⣬ͳʵ
ǡǾԣǸԣѾصǡҵõϢ˵ǾԶɱ˱ѻ˵ġݻ˵
ڰݻڲλǺܸߵģڼλ죬Ҫ鱨ϢһõѻϢ
Իˣ
ԣȻˣ
ǣ
ˣݻγɵԭ򡣰ݻ˵ĳ֣ǽںٳɵģôĿľΪ˱ԡ˵ɱ˽ĵӽ񡣻Ϣ˵ɫĵӽ־ھСȻˣܶΪ־飬˵ǵõŮİϾ־Ů踮ۡɱԣŮԾƵΪ
쵰Ȼ
ˣ
ʵʵţȻһ˿ǡ
һΣɣŮҲȲ
ɱǰݻ˵ʹ߱ѻλ˵Ҫô죿ʵ
ѻˣ̸ҲͳʧˡôͶְɡ
ֱӸɵԣһ˵ġܽ⾰Ի׽͸ˡֻǣҪ׽ֻǱȽѡһ۾˵

ƽǡ
ԣҪΪƽءЩĻ쵰ɱݻʹߣǶ衣һҪȫɱһڲ
죬˵ɣô
ϵͳ˧
ݻ˴̵ǰǡߣֱͨӵִ￪ΧסǣһǾˡȻȵִһٻ֮˵
ھԵʵǰҪʲôƲߣֻҪƽѹǡǾԾͷۣҲסڵİݻ֡
ô죡
ôͶɣ
ԣȽǵƽٺúõʹ
ಡ
ǣٷɳݻĴҲ̼ϣάŶ԰׾ĿƣµȫѸ
ʹֻ̫࣬ʹˣǵý·ƽǡ

ǣ
𣡡ϯ鳤ФǣҴԡ
Ф鳤жˣԼФǣʵ
ţոյõϢݻǱߵĻ𣬶Ѿڼʱڣִͨ￪ΧФǵͷء
ãܺãôǾ޻أĿоһ
Ф鳤㴫ɣôҶ׼ǷʱˡԻһתֶФ˵
ǣϾʹȥֻǣôԸЩݻ˵ǿߣǲǼȫЭ㣿Ф̽Եʵ
ʱҪ֪ΧĳλáţȸϹȥǹˣҵϢǡ۾˵仰ӰʧФǰ


1764 
Фˣ
һ˹ȥ
һˣȥԽӽʮ̫Σˡ
˷Ф̱֪ͨĻ
Ф鳤ʲôˣ
˵ݻΪѻ֮ŭǵĴӰ׾
ǵĻǿ߶ѾˣǴͨġ
ִļͳʼۡ
鷳ˣФ鳤أûоǿɵסʮ˸𰡣ܣû־ԣФǡ
λѾǰΧ˵ˣ̸ȥɡФټ˵
ʲô
⡭
ĵӡһˣȻȹȥˣ
˶һۣԵĵ
ǿɣҲ̼ϡǼһһλʼ˵
ѩһԲֱתᡣ
ˣҲѸٸŰѩ⣬һ˿ǡ
νϣʼټ˵ǿߣһʱǰΧ
Χ볬ĻУһɫӰϥ
ɫӰǾԣʩչռ޸·͵ִӳ󵽿ǣҪڵλá
Ըϵ󣬲һǿȵȣԶǰɵġȵȺĲִҪĹȻ˺ܶ࣬ԾûķѶʱ䣬ｫװɹ
֣ǬУ֮һĲѶȼ󣬵ԳΪʥʦ֮󣬶޷󷨲ó⻹ǣķ̤𾳽󣬲ſԲóɹġ
ɴ˿ɼѶжôĿֲȻˣһͷųͬɹۣǿߣҲΣա
һ㲻ò˵󲻹ⲼõʱҪľ˵ԴתʱͬҪզԲ󷨣ĵԴֵ͸ߴǧ׾Ҫ֪׾Ѱһö׾òһĵԴȴߴǧö׾
˵תʱĵȫתܵĻôʮʱ䣬Ҫϰö׾ģǶԾ˵ۡ
ʮʱ䣬ϰ׾Ҳ˵һʱ䣬Ҫʮö׾ṩԵ׾Ȼʣ಻٣Ҳۡ󣬾ǽ䡣̺࣬ԴӵõһֱʹĿǰΪֹûյһӡ
׼ãԾ͵Űݻ˺Щǿ߹ˡ

Уһ俴ͨëéݷ
éݷϿܼªڲȴǱж졣
һéݷڻУҲǺպĴڡǶľľס֮
ľһλ߽εĳʼ飬ʵֲľҲһλͰˡڻУľĵ˶٣ѵǼࡣ
ŮȵȣǶǶľѡ
ʱ˿̣ŮصǿĴڣڶľ
ʵϣвнӽ֮һĸ߽𣬴ʱڶľéݷ͡Щ߽𣬱˴˽̸š
Ҫ˵һʱҲûʲô£ҲͰݻ˺Ϳ˵ĴսЩ߽׻˵һС顣Ϊû£Щ߽ڶľʱҲ̸ݻ˺Ϳ˵Ĵս
˵ݻѾ򵽿˵Ŀˡ
Ҳ˵ˣ˵ʵһЩ֧Ų˶ʱˡ
ǰһƣֻҲҪˡ
һ˵ЩȺ壬ûһõĽɣΪǾСӣʹ
ʱŮӦûٴγɣǶ֪Ů壬ŮĽŮﴴȺŮ϶ʹġ
߽ǣż̸š
Ů
ʱ򣬽վɫŮﹰ˹֡
һĿӡ
ոյõϢ˾ܾݻ̸Сǣܾݻɱ˰ݻɹȥʹߡ
ŮӦҲõϢɣ
ڣݻ˴ѾſǱƽŮ㣬ܹҲӣǿȡ˵仰ŷŭ


1765 Ӱ߱
Ůλϣžɫˮ
ݻ챴ѻŮʶġһϣѻҲݻǰףˡ
ѻȥ̸бɱŮͬõϢ֪ѻǱնɱ
Իˡ
˿֪ܲǰһʱ伣Ϊȥ׽磬Ůȴ֪ġԵ׽֮УŮٳɵġ
Ҳ֪׽ջΣûнǼ֪Եʱռ䷨򣬴ﵽԲû
ʱ˿̣ŮҲкܶҪ𣬲Ȼûܸ𰸡ݣҲڴʱǰȥԡ
ɱ˱ѻôģ
һ֮ʧȥĳ嶯ΪԿ϶ԼļƽϡСһȻᣬءѵа취Կݻˣ
Ůɲôƽ
ݻȥˣݻ̫ˡˣȻǲͬ⽻Լ˵ġŮĬ˺һᣬſ˵
ǺǣǲӦҲɱʹ߰ɣ⣬ǻ˹أ˲عءЦ˵
Ҳô˵ʹߣ֪ݻǲѻǰǵʱ򣬿ûǰ֪ͨǱѻͻȻִ￪ǵġΪᡣŮĵ˵
Ϣһ͡
ȷʵǸ⡣
̣˫̸Ҫǲʹߣ϶Ҫǰ֪ͨʹߵϢԼִʱ䡣ݻˣδô
ǿ˹ر̸еĴšӶ䣬˻ȥ
˵ЩΨһĿģǸŮݻ˵ĹƻȥҿŮϣðݻʱֹͣͼȥ̸СǿԼر̸еĴţͲܹҡ
˵һ㶼û˻ྰԣ̫ˡǱƽҲֻܹԼصӿ˵
һֱףݻ뿪˴սô£Ů￴أ˵
Ů⻰ҾͲˡûв֡ҡͷ˵
ȷʵûڲԱȥսεĸ߽ǿߣȥӰһЩսǺܼ򵥵顣
ڳĸ߽𣬶ԴҲ֪
ضԾԣҲźԹŮ踮ۡʱ򣬾Ե塣ŮضܲΪŮûðѩ޸塣
ŮЦЦûٶ˵
ˣֵܵݻ೤ʱأҲ£ʮڿ˽𡣡һƬĳʼתĿЦ˵
ʮꣿˣûôɣҾãҲܼʮҡһλ߽۾˵
Ҳÿܼʮ꣬Ͼǻһ⾰ԣ˵򵥰һɫ۳ʼЦǺǵ
ǶÿˣסʮꣿҪҪһѣƬʼ˵
עʲôʡ

ʱ˵ģһЩŮϵܵĸ߽ЩŮϵϺõĸ߽𣬵ȻᵱŮ棬ȥ̸ۿ˶ø𣬸ֵЦ
λô£Ҳո֡ҶģʮڽݻռݡĵأҲ˵
ǺǣҶڣǱơͻȻ˵
£
˶΢΢һ㶣ȵĿŽ
֪ݻ˺ʮ˸ѾŴͨǰǡΪҪЭֻʮ˸ϴ𣬾ܹƿǡڴִ󣬾ʰоԼάðˡ
Ѷ԰ݻ˵ģδ̫˰ɣǧü˵
ǣһս¹˭ֻδ֪±ƣֻҲ˵óڣһλ߽
Ůѣȷʵܶ࣬ҲһЩʱ˵ǧȣŮϵܺõġ˵˵ص˶ľŮϵҲǺܺá
ǿÿǣǾͲóעҶһģҲû¡µʱ䣬ָб۴ǧ˵
ǧˣЩԥǣȷʵԿûʲôġ˵¿Ǳƣ¿˸𡣿Ǳƺ˸¡㿪ǱݻռݣҲδػڶʱɢ
һģҲ޷Ů˵ˡ
һ֣һɫϸڿС
Ӱ߱룡
ŮóӰ߽߱ɫ΢΢һ䡣Ӱ߱룬һҲһµ


1766 ײ
Ӱ߱룬ڻպա
߽𣬶䶼ɵΪǿ֮ױȵĴ͸ִ͸ָ߽ǿĳʼ飬ס
ص㣬Ӱ߱ӵм侪˵ļֵ
ڳвٸ߽֪Ӱ߱룬ɱ߽׻ġ
ŮôֱʰӰ߱룬Ŀ¶̰֮ɫ
Ӱ߱ΪעŮȷ𣿡õ
ȻȷҲӦóֵ൱ĶעŮ⡣
Ȼˣͷ
Ҳһ֣ǰʱÿһо˵ܲǽķʱòײŵõġֵȷʵӰ߱ȡ
ĸ߽𣬶ĬȻǶԶķƬʼ飬˵ˡ
ŮͽĶԶģע̫ˣЩ߽𣬶һֳصѹ
ڣǱƣͳȵ
ڣǲᱻƣŮҲͳ˵
ŮԾǱȽĵġ
Լ󣬾Ծɱ˽ɫӽ־һӽǿߡľԣʵ϶ǿֻҪܱ쿪赲ݻ¾Ͳ⡣
Ծһ棬ͬʱŮҲǺߣԽߡô˵˶ŮյģȴԿģǶŮĲ
ãŮôǾһΪЦ˵
̰Ӱ߱룬·֮
Ůѣעǲ̫ˣ˶ľ𣬴ŸŮ
ŮԶģȻҲֱӳǣĵĿǵסôãϾֻǿǱơ
ľѣõģһЩգžԵŮҲľ
ľ⣬мŮϵ׽ĸ߽Ҳ׷״ŮﶼһһӦ
һ׽ĸ߽𣬵ȻҲƵĴǴ඼ǹϲ˵һĻӰ߱롣

ǣΧ󸽽
ৣৣৣ
һӰӴпٷɳ
ȷɳģʮ˸󣬱Ǵߡݻ˵Ȼûпô࣬Ҳ١һݻʵ뿪˲಻˵ݻڲͬǺܶġ
λһɱǣƳǺɱݻһӿŭ
ɱ
Ƴǣɱɱǣ
ҶЩȲɱˡҲһȣ˭ɱĿ߶һЩݻ˵Ļſš
Ⱦͱȣ㲻ɣ
ߣ
һڣǾͿԵִ￪ǣ
ಡ
һӰٷɴܶǰʮ˸𣬺ߡ
Ϊݻ֮ǰ˲ٿ˵Ľ򣬶ЩҪάڳ߻һЩ
ڻеľԣԭŵ˫ĿȻ⣬ŷ΢΢ճһĨЦݡ
ˣǰһƬ硣
ѾӦ˿ռ𶯣ķڻӡ
Ե̿ٴβ鿴󡣴û⣬ʱԼ󱬷µܡ
ֹһȰݻ˵ǿߣǺܽӽڵλá
ڣ˫˶ԷĴڡ
ţ
ǰˣ
˭ƺֻһˣ
ȷʵһ˭ôǣֻڻ𣿡
ȰݻǿߣٶȡǲδΪǰֻһˣиҪ֪ڻһЩ߽ġһ߽ǿߣܸ˴鷳߽𣬾ͱ뱣ֹ̬ȣ˶࣬Ҳ߽ܵ𣬸ܲ

Ǻྰԣ죬ϸĶžԿ˺һᣬǱ˳ɫһ˵
֮ǰûԱˣǰݻ߲㶼ԵӰ
Ǿԣɣڿڣʲô
ǣһĪǣɣ
ǾԣͿԽɱԼ
ݻ˵Ļ𣬺ܿͶЦıϣȫȷǰϥɫӰྰԡ


1767 йϿ
ʮ𣬻λƶ
λ
򲻿ɴ⣬Ȼʱ䲻ԲСǣҪֲܽѹ߻ɱ˵
˽⣡
ţȻܴ⣬ڻУ̶ʱھͻôȻѰݻ˺Ļ𣬷׷׿˵
ʮ˸ӽʱȴһֱϥ˿Ŀ⣬һĹ۲ʮ˸һսУԼǷܹȫɱ
ʮ󷽣ݻ˵ҲĿھԵϡ
ˣǾԣ
ûǾԣӰ˵Ǻǿߡ
϶Ǻǿˣ˵Щˣܽ治֪һ࣬ôġ
ҲûʲôĽģǿ󣬽Ҳɡ
ǰˣʮ˸𰡣ʮλ֣ƾСǿҲ޵
˳֣ЩˣֻҪ־ͺˡ
ԣҲҪ̫һӰ쵽˳֡
ٸǿߣе˷ܣеԸϧеĿзź⣬ڵ̸
Щвλãڻڡⲿ𣬴֮һҵһǾͽֱӳܴĺɱ
ڣվĿʮ
ԣ
ôĵӣһ˳Īǣǰݻ˷Źˣ
̫ˡҪҲضΪеʷӴԺ󣬿˽ɢ˵
˵û
ԣԹԱѹĻ飬˷Źļˡ˵һӽи߷һ˫Ůһεĳʼɭɭ˵
ƾЩҲѹңǳʼĻȫһɺ͸ɨԷ˵һ仰
׳ʼĻþŭ
ţԣѵ
ҲΪǣȻҪɱЩɵߣ

ɱǣǿЦԣʲôʱɵˣ
ʮ˸΢΢ȫЦɱǣǻῪЦǸ߽Ҳܽȫɱ⣬ȫɵĲ֪ܡ
ԣţƤԣţƤҲôЦ˵
𣿡ԵһЦҡͷ
ৣ
Уɫâ˸ϼֶ
֣ѹѹֱɱɵ˶д͡һ֣žԳɱȥ
Ƕ׻ѾԼĵ
յĵ֮һɫĳޡʱɫޣצԡ
ĻҲһֳųԡ

Կкȳһ֡
⣬΢΢һԿһҰĽӰڻдǰϯȥ
ţо˽̺ܣжʱ⡯һ£˲õԤС
ٳ̣ҪӭĽѾˡǶ׻𣬷ӦȻ죬ǾԵĻ֮Ӱٶȸ죬οԲǴ߶ٵġǵͷ㣬
ֻܽ߾ȫתֵ֮֮ĽӰ
ӰӴеĽɫ·ٿݻٱӰ
Զ˿ľǣƺƴıӰڽӴ󣬶ʱ߽⣬ͺǼײ˾ʯ
һҽС
ֱӴ͸Żγɵ㶼׻ͺһɸһ㣬Ŀն̺Ŀֲܣ壬̼ݻе
һ棬Աɱһ׻
ݻ𣬻ûзӦײеЦݶûüǰҽһǿܻ֪ʲô顣
ЩĿ⣬ʶĿݻһŷĿɲ״
ÿһˣ˹һŴͣŵĿһĻ
ôܣ
죬Ҳ֮ʵǿǿ֮һˡȻһɱ
Щʧʱ򣬾Կûֹͣɱ¾ڶӰѾһʼ鴩˹ȥ
ʼȫһתӡǣٶȻˣգʱͬ³


1768 
˵İѩȻ𣬶ٶȴӿǸΧ
죡죡ٿһ㡣
ݻЩ쵰Ӧõִ˿ΧѾ뾰ϣܼס
Ҳ̫ļˣôһȥˡ
𣬴ŵһ𾳽Ĵϯ鳤Фǣϵд
ǵķٶȻܿ죬ҪӿǸϵΧҪ̵ʱ䣬ҲҪʱ
ʱ˿̣Իڳֺɱݻ˵Ļ
ʱݻʮλ𣬾Ѿնɱаݻһ
ŵʮλУǶ𣬾Ÿһ
Եʵ̫ͣκˣסĹҪɱǱĺ
ԣҪͬʱֹ˶࣬һιҲɱһˡǻʮˣͬʱ֣϶ס
עˣҵĿںţҺֵʱ򣬴ұһʩչǿĹأҪɱӣһεĳʼͬʱʮĸԺ֮С
ã
ô죡
Щ𣬷׷׻Ӧ
ݻ˺Щ𣬶ûкķκεʱ䣬˼򵥵飬
ȻѾɱǸеⲢδǾʹ˱ǺôҲǳ۳һĻ𡣵ʱǻɱԡ
ڣ֣Ƕγʼ飬͵һȡ
ʮλͬʱ֣ÿ϶ܡ
ʮһ׻𶼲ӲǸ߽׻𣬿Ҳݱܷâ
ԶŶʮ¶Цݡ
ӰﵽľԣͲںЩһ׺Ͷ׻ĹЩǻܸԴһЩ鷳֮µ޷Ե
Ӱķ붥ĳʼȣǽŮεĳʼ飬ҲȾԸɫ
ЦԲδκܵĶһƬĻ糱ˮһӶԼס
ɹˣ
Ȼûжܣ
Ƕ㲻ȥ𣿡
ôʲôǳɹˡҲˣһͬʱԭα¶ˡ
ʮ𣬿űعĻסĵطĿж¶ϲɫǿǳɹˡʮ˵ĹУǾԲҲñش
λȲҪ̫ף⾰йŹֻ֣һιܳ׻ɱõڶι׼ҿǶεĳʼתĿ˵
ţס
ԣü׼һιɱˣǾͶΡ
ǣ˷ܵúܡ
Ļɢľ𽥿Կ
ɫӰٴӳ˵֮С
ʮͣܿͶˣ۾һɵùԲ
ǿɫӰȻڻ֮С
Ƭ̺󣬾
ô£
ûƺûˣ
Ϣûӡ
ⲻܣܣⲻϳôûˣ
ʼڻļ־壬Ũ
ʮˣһȫСƣܻ˾ԵĻǻô죿Ǹôɱԣ
һЩʶƺɱԡ
ʮס˷ʱ򣬾ٴγ֡
֮Ľâոһ
ӣ
ߣԸͲɱġ
죬ǶᱻɱĲ̫࣬ˣǸ߽εǿߣٲߣǶڴˣ
ಣ
ʮĸ𣬳׵ıˣǲ뾰ɱǿʼˡģ߽ˡȥ룬Ϊôǿ
Զ˵ٸ𣬾͸Ӳˣ궼ڶ˵֮д˵һ׻Ǹ߲ʵĴڡôǿⱲӶûмġ
ߣƲƲ졣
ϼ裬ָɵһ
󣬿ת˻
ЩˣûŹûлǼǾȥ׷ɱҲ׷ѡ

һƬҫĿĹԣڶƬĻգ̼䶼Ļסǻŵʮȫڻ֮ڡԶ˵ٸ𣬶֮һ󷨵ĸ֮С

ֻ˲Ϣ䣬Һֹһ𣬱ֱֲɱ


1769 ȥ
ܣԳܣЩεߡ
ʱ֮ڣгʮʵϵ͵Ϊ촷ۡ
Щ֮һҲŵû궼Ҫˣʧɫļٺˡ
̫ˣ
ǵȻ֪󷨵ܡǣⱲӿܶûײе󷨡
ڻУвĴͺ٣ɱ󷨸Ǻһ󷨣һ㶼ǻյеȻ󡣶ʱǰģȻΪõĴ󣬶ǾԲóġ
ԲʵǿϢܲó󷨣治֪ݴ˵
еһٶ𣬲˱ɱŵģҲ֧ţÿʱÿ̶ΪһѪ
ʮҲܡԭܣû뵽ͻȻȫڡ󷨵׺ǵ

ʲô󷨣󷨣Ϊôֲ
У޷ѳȥ󷨣ɱˡҵģ̫죬ʹõҩ䣬Ϊ̡
Ҳǣɶ񣬿ɶ񣡡˻ϴ
Ƕ֪ѳȥл·ѳȥôס
οڻһ˵ľԡ
ڼ֮󣬿ûӽݻ˺Ļ𣬲ϳֹЩ𣬶ڵֵɱûжֵԡ
ۣ

ھԵĲϼ֮¡
ಡ
ʱ򣬰ѩˣڽӽս
ǰս
ţҲӦˡÿֲܲƺ뻹ԶǷ򲨶Ȼӵ
𻹻ţߣǿȥ
΢ȷ˷λ󣬶ٴμսȥ
ܿģǾͿ˻γɵӴĻҲ֮⣬мݻ˵Щ𣬼ֻǶԶԶġҲеԼˣûǸҲȥ󣬵ǵĹ޷ƿ
ǣҲûҵ󷨵ĺڡڶʱڣҲ
ǬĴ֮һҪƿҪֲ߽ϣЩ𣬿Ҫʮꡣ
⵽ʲô󣿡ФЩµĿǰ
棬ԿЩʧİݻ
󷨣ǡȻ׾ɱߡУôֲ󷨣Ԫ̾
󷨣ѵǾŪģ˵Ҳкܸоһλʼ۾˵
ǿ쿴ǲǾ𣿡˿ڣ׷ɱݻ˻һϮɫ۵ľԡ
ûǾ찡һɱħӰ𡣡һ
ħӰһεĳʼ飬ڻҲܴ
ǽħӰײгԣɱǿߡҲн죿ɱĺðֽкá
λǶ͹˾ʵ֮ǰ˵һ˾ܵסݻЩڿȷʵ˰ǿݻǱߵĻ𣬺ֻˡģɱ˰ɣһʼ˿
ǰǡǾ֮ܣ
𣬾Ǹ߽սûֲĸЩݻĻҲסĹһ˵
ڴ֮ǰԪڵһЩˣԾԲҲܾԵ쵼ǿԵʵѾʶĸı뷨
ˣоǿҲǲܵġ뼰ˣͷ
ǣһ죬Щľͷƽƽ
ˣǰƺҲǺǿ˭֪ЩĻͷȣ˵Ĳܴ󡣾Ǽ壬ҲǲСˣֻԵľͷ
ʼ飬ȻĶһۣпתˣҪˡԺ󣬺ܿܳΪŮ踮ۡǿҪһ
⼸۵ĹУڵľԣѾǽȫİݻĻնɱ
ʮ˸ûһӵȫ
ڵһٶݻߣĿǰΪֹҲѾ˼ʮʣµģҲԶˡ
ļٸݻߣʱҲ֪ѶѾ졣ٸ𣬽׼ˡ


1770 
ȻڻڣЩݻ˵ߣҲһֱڹע
Щ¶ܵͼʱԱˡ
ӣЦһ
ЩݻһûմϴߵѪ
ԵʴȣǶԼĲ̡
ԣɲ׵ķŹЩݻߡ
Ӱһ˻Ȼмʮݻ˵߻ţЩǴQ˶ʱˡ¾ԲܣЩеҲᱻȫɱ
ǶŸʲôְԵȿ˵С
Ȼ𣬶ھԵʵһܡھԺ֮ǰǻûжЩݻ߽нɱ
Ե仰ǲһѹ¶֮ɫѸݷɳݻ˵ߡ
ֱȺ
εߣٶȵȻԶ޷ȡ
ܹ֣֯Ľеֵôǵܼһʱ䡣ǣǴʱûκεֵ˼ټϣһɱʮľԡݻ˵ߣѾƵһҪ뿪̵ľóֻ޵ȡ
һʱ󣬵ԪȻ½ķءԣҲֺɱϰٸݻߺص󸽽
ݻ˵ߣ󸲸ǵ֮⣬Ҳмٸ֮ࡣ⼸ٸǿߣջߵģʮ֮һҴģ˵޼
ǻеߣҲֻʣ²λšԻ󣬼ȥ⼸ʵ߱ȫ
ˣһսʱĸһ䡣ݻ˵ǿߣȫûĽࡣ
ˣ
ˣǰļ
λض񡣡԰˰֡
һսݻ˵ļ˵ȫݻ١ǿˣĿǰǰȫˡԼ˵
ǾԴˣһ֮˿ˡԪά˵
Ȼ˵Ҳʵ
Ǿԣǿ˲ܵסݻˡ
ԣǽʲôأѩĿžʵ
飬ջؿ˸屻ݻǰռݵĽ򡣵ȫغҪݻ˵Ľ򡣡۾΢˵
ԣҪʼ
ݻ𣡡
ɱ˵ߣ𣬱뱨˷׷˵
ţҪע⣬ٶȱ졣ʮ򣬻ڰݻ˵Ŀ֮УǿܲúͻõϢʱǿֱܻӳҲпܻƻȻߡǣþʧλǵߣҪʹóٶȵִ֮ǰݻռݵĽ̵ʱڣɱЩеİݻߡ˵
ԣʶĵͷ˵ģȷʵҪ֮¡
ģһ԰¡Ф鳤һ˵
ǿ˵ߣӦòúͻִᵢ̫ʱ䡣
ˣǰڿǵʱҶʵ˻ɡԴˣúܼܲ¡ϿҵԾ˵
ʵûôСС£ҲûϡԺ󣬾ͲҪˡԿ˿˵
лԴˡ˹˹
Լʱ䲻ʱ䣬˵ǣνĴ֮£ϵ
νˣԺλϲⶼ¶ɫ
ݻ˵ǿأ
˵ͨ󣬵˿Χ
ôһ˶û
ѵ鱨©ݻ˵ǿ߲δ
Щ𣬶֪Ĵս
Ф鳤λˣν𣬵˽Ե˼
νϣá죬ǵץʱ䡭Ф鳤νϵһԣʼ
˵Ҳܶ࣬θνһ𣬾ͶٸݻռݵĽҲͼʮԣͬʱжÿһҲǲȥʮ𣬶ԸЩݻֽ´ࡣ
Щ𣬴Ф鳤е֪ݻ˵Ļȫɱ⣬Ҳ˴һϵı鶼Եúܻ
ǰһ̣ǻĵİݻ˹ƿǡһ̣Ǿ͵õ˰ݻ˼ûϢ
һУԵôáʵ
ͨһ˵ߣǰݻռݵĽ


1771 ǵϢ
ӿΧֻܴ͵뿪ǽϽȺ򡣲Ⲣ̫⡣ǣȴ͵׾ĳȻͨ׾򳬼ٴͳȥ
֮֮ǰݻռݵļʮֻм޷ͨת͵ִġ⼸ҪոҪʱˡ޹ش֡ĸ߲㣬ľȥǡ
ոʧص飬ҲҪФ鳤ǣŵýмЭܳ⡣
صǣõϢӦҲҪϳʱ䡣
Ҳ˵ĸ߲ɴ⡢иҪսʱ࣬㹥ݻ˵Ľ
˴սݻ˸˽򣬴˾޴ʧҪݻʹĴۡԵ뷨ǣݻһٲ˳˽
ݻĽȻԶȲϿ˵Ľ򣬵ҲСˡռݰݻĽһֵף顣
ȻˣⲢһ顣صȸ߽𣬲Ӳǿ϶ֱӳ档
ԴˣҲ׼
ڿոʧصʱ򣬾ԡѩտѾص硣
Ӹ߷оơѩһ̸
Խ׼õĴԴӺһ˫Ů·ϼǰС
߷;ѩѾǱȽǿˣоóԴǿڽ϶̵ʱڣﵽʲΡҪ̤𾳽磬ǿܾҪ»ˡҲпܣһܳΪ
»ԾҲʮѡ̫ѣ
ƣھԻ󲻾ã̤뵽񾳽硣ƵĽٶȣҲǼΪˡ

ľ
ڶ߽׻̸
ʱŮͽԶģѹʱ䡣
ŮԶĺ˵ľ񶼱òһˣ˵ĸоͺǽһֿܵ״̬ҲѰʱˡ
óһЩصľˮͺʵ߽ʳáЩˮ͹ʵѵһĺöǸ߽𣬶Ƚϧ
ƽûô󷽣óЩöܡ
ڳĸ߽Ҳ֪ΪͻȻô
ǺǣǿӰ߱롣Ӱ߱һЩˮʵʲôЩˮʵֵӰ߱Ƥë㲻ϡ
ڽӰ߱룬Ѿ֮ֻſǱƵϢͿԽӰ߱Ӱ߱룬սٶһĸ߽𣬻Ӽɵ
Ů
ôóЩθ𣿡Ů˵
óپˮ͹ʵŮﲢûʳóЩ
ŮתĿ˽һۣû˵
Ů϶ǲȱЩˡУ˭֪ŮĸСƬʼЦ˵
ҵˡЩˣûŮȡŮóӰ߱ȶĻЩˣмóӰ߱ĻһȻı˵
㲻ҲóֵӰ߱ıȻֵȷʵӰ߱ࡣǧ˵
óѵ˼ޡŮӰ߱νҪǿɾˣ˷ۡ
ѣɱޣǺܶˡǧڿ˵
䣿ǧῪЦЦһ

Щ߽𣬻£֮⣬ƽʱҲû֡
ҾһҲǺѵõĻᡣЩ߽֮䣬ͨһԶǣһ˵߽֮ԹġǹϵģҲٷԶɱҲϻ༷Ҽ䣬µȥ
ͱְ֧ݻˣŮֿ֧ˡλˣ˵ûǹҪԳ֡ΪǶûаԼܻɱԷ
ʦ𣡡
ʱһľߣϯϣԶľ
ʲô£ľѯҲεĵӡ
ӣľһֲ
ǵġոգӿǱߣһϢӹ˵
Ŷľ
ڳλ߽Ҳ̸ֹͣĿ⿴ľĵӡ
ôϢݻ˵ٶȣǹ졣۾һЦ


1772 Ϣȷ
ŮԶģĵڿǱݻ˹ơ˶ԶĿʼδȥ¡
ʱ䲻ӿǱ߾ʹϢĸ⣬Ϊֵܵݻһʱ䡣ڿǱлҪһľԣúܡ
֪ˣӦüӴע
ŮҲľĵӡŮɫƽȴЩӰ߱룬Զޱı
ǶľӣĻɫӵĿ˽һۡ
ǱߣʲôϢľºʵ
˶˵ֻӽǴϢ˵
ݻʮλߣͨ׾򳬼ǰǣҪһٹƿǡڿΧ徰˫սľӻ˵
˶ʶͷȻԤеһֻ΢Щƫǣ徰ԾȻҳǣڰ·ݻ˵ǿߡ
Ůǲ˼Ӱ߱룬Ժˡǲò˵Ǿ̫޴ˡ쿪˵һȺؿǣܼһʱ䡣ȴǶսⲻԼĲ𣿡㵸˵
ȷʵ޴صͷ
ŮɫҲ΢΢Щ仯ĵϣŭ֡
ôаѩأŮ￪ʵ
ľԺͰѩһսս
Ӱ߱룬Ҳ⾰ԺͰѩ䡣
ŮﲻõģͰѩ𣬶õĺܡһսݻʮλȫҲȫûľӻӦŮ
ţˡ
ϵЦݣδסôˡ
ʲô
ݻ˼ȫû
ôڿЦ
ڳλ߽һ˵۾Լ˵ˣ˽û˵˰ݻ˽ûˡ
ǲǸˣݻˣȫûѹƤӶһ£Ŷľӵ
ǰûϢоô˵ġҲȷϢû©ľһԽ˵
ܣ
ôܣݻʮλսǿǲż飿ҡͷ
ȷʵЩ˼ľҲǾò˼顣
ʦʵݻսܣҲľ˵徰һ֮ɱݻʮλġϢ˵Ǹ߽׻սһϹŹ󣬲ʮλûһѵ
ʲô߽׻𣿡
ԣи߽ս
ҪҪôף
浮ҲصݳΪ߽ǾԲжãӵи߽ս
ϹŹ󣿡
ڳĸ߽һӷ
ڻУ߽׵Ļ𣬳ص֮⣬ǳʼݣһĴڡ
⾰ԣҹȻûп˾ˣԳ֮ŮЦˡ
ѣһԶģˡעɾ͹ˡŮ￴Ц˵
̵ģζҪըˣƫƫ޷ԼóעӶǺġ
ŮȲҪż
Ϣȷ׼ȷԡǣٵȵȣϢȷ֪ʲôǲˡһ˵
ԣǾٵȵȣϢȷŮν˵
ŮϢǲܳġӶľӿ˵ĿϢӦǺϸġȻ滹һЩ޷ĵطһԶ˵޹ؽҪıԶĽ
ڶľĸ߽ǣ׷˶ͨԼʼ̽򵽵׷ʲô֤ľӴϢǲġ
ȻˣȷĹ̻ҪһЩʱġϾ̫ңԶˣͨһʹѶߣתҲҪʱ䡣ϢȷҲúüĹ

һѶϢͨӿ򴫵ݵľ
Щ߽½ȷеϢ
֪ݻȷʵ군ˡˣѾԼĽ򣬽Щڿǽڵİݻ½ɱ
ѣڿȷ𣿻ߣٵȵȿŮ۾΢΢Žʵ
ŮĻɫҰϢŴҧݣһᶼû˵


1773 Ů赽
ﱻŮУĶڵѪ
ÿһܳƵˡԸ߽˵Ǻѻáõѵʱ;Ƿǳǳġռȫ֮һҡ
һӣҾ͵ˮ֮һ
ʧ⼸
ݻ뿪˵ĴսȻǰݻ˰ˣһϵеĺӦҪ֪Ϊְ֧ݻܹ˸ɵһݻ˵ġЩ䣬ʧֱ޷
˵дĻ𣬶԰ݻ뿪˵սйעݻʧܣ˱ضﰵȡЦ

ǸľԡĶǴðģ
ԾԵķŭѾﵽ˼ޡɱӣּɵݻˡʲ¡
ľһ£ȸˡ
Զľ˹ֱ֣Ӿ뿪ˣһҲȥоЩƽʱȽ׽ĸ߽𣬿񶼱òһˡ
ľѣҲˡصҲһ뿪
ȻȽʧһЩͬʧ޴һսУصҲˡ
뿪ľ󣬾ͿȻڵ
صѡ

˵ͷʾһ£һͬĬĲȥ
صѣʲô㣿Уѯʡ
û˵
ԣɨءصѣѵôŹӣȰݻսܵϢȥˣΪЦȡжԺ̧ͷ˵
ѵ˼ǣתĿŽ
ǵñͳ˵
εҡҡͷ
ѣҵҲ뱨ǣôǾСѾǸ߽սУж˿ɱҶ˵£ҲɱС顣ȥֻˡ˵
ǣܲԳְɣĳ֣ŮƱزݵġʱ򣬺ܿȫĴսҾãľЩˣͬǶԾСֱӶ֡ؽ˵
˵ģҲ˼ǣ⾰ԱԾԵĳޣѾһУԲϧһɱԡ
ȻûʧȥǣҲֱ֪Ӷֿ϶УҪһЩıֵĻͻࡣ

ʱһȥ
һգԴصǡ
ԴˣĿǰΪֹǿ˽ڵİݻߣѾ塣ЩռݵĽ򣬳һݻ֮⣬ҲȫءФ鳤Ի㱨ʱս
ţ͸չķˡݻ˵ǿ˴ǹݻĽǺûᡣԵ˵ͷ˵
ԴˣѾ׼ˣʱжФһܱ顣
֮ǰݻ˵Ĵսڿ˽СڣڿԽսյݻˡ
ǾͿʼɣУҲ˸˷ܵĹ
һٵĴȥӿǳһһۣ˵ߡ
ԵǿߺʹҲۡ
ݻսܹģҪʱ䡣عƣҲꡣں˳¹ʱ䣬ʱ仹ӳ
ʮ󣬻۽ݻĽ
һ·ݿ࣬˵ĴûʲôЧĵֿݻļûֿҲûǸ
ʮʱ䣬ǵ˴Ѿռ˰ݻķ֮һҵĽ򡣴Ҳ˰ݻİݻ硣
ݻ԰ݻԣ뿪ǶԿ˵൱
ݻ类ƣôݻҲͻ군ˡ
ҲһֱעĶһָоǣ϶ʹ˷ݻǺܿ׼ʲôҲСĽ
ʵҲͬԤϵһЩϢУ֪صˣѾ˶һЩ߽Ѿ˰ݻ硣
λҳȥӭŮһգڿݻһڣԶļ˵
ŮҲһֱͨѶϵϵԣ֪ŮѾһ֮⡣Ϊ˱ʾŮأԴŸλ𣬳ӭŮ
ڽ⣬ԼŮ
Ůһˣһǰģкüλ߽оͰǧ


1774 Լ
˵ǾԵڶμŮ
һμŮ踮ۡʱԽֻصﵽԲΡǴ뿪Ů踮ۡ󣬾Ծȥ׽硣ҵ׽磬ҲΪŮŮָ㣬ǾԾ޷׽磬ҲͲܽʱռ䷨Բ޷ڷ̤𾳽硣
ŮԶԶĿŮ裬Ծ͹
˵ľԣսѾŮ֮¡ǣŮǰȻǫ񣬲ûΪʵ㹻ǿ󣬾аָ߰
ԵѣŮ̻
ԶǾԵ顣Ů裬ҲöԾԱ㹻ء
ʦѩҲǰŮ
Ů԰ѩ˵ͷ¶Ц⣬ûж԰ѩ˵ʲô
ԣһ¡λǧǿߣҸۡʱͼǧˡŮ￪ʼԾԽߵ߽
ǧк
λʯʯó棬ʯѿ˵һָŮ˵
ҲңֻǶоһЩѣɲ˵Լһ˵ԵܹóϹŹҿлᣬҲԵֽһʯǫ˵
ʯˣʱ䣬ǵǿϽæ˵
ԣλܽޡܽޡѣʶ硣ʱܽޡѱһŮʶˡŮܵĸ߽һŮԣֽܽޡ
֮ǰ˵˾Եѣ֪ԵѺᡣһǱеĻҪᡣܽޡЦŶԾ˵
ܽޡòҲᣬֻƤԵúһЩ
ԣҲܽޡ˼䡣
λѣȽϸ˵ת˵
ڴһڽĻУȷʵ̸ĵطԵĻҶͷ
΢ǰλ·Ůλ߽󣬲ǰѩˡ
ڣԡŮ׷
ԣҪĴ㣡Ůº󣬱ضԾ˵
Ե˵ͷ
֮ǰͨѶŮͶ˵һʱĶŮִ֮ǰ˱Ѿ˰ݻ硣
ڿ˼ݻʱ򣬽ǽݻ磬ýֺͷҲ֪Ҫʲô
ŮΪ˺ܹܿעһԲսҲΪˣŮŻ֧־ԡԶ֣ŮҲ֡һΣŮһǧʯܽޡ𣬿ΪǶǾԵİ֡
Ŀǰڰݻĸ߽һλһߣͬλ߽ĶɱҲռˡǧ𿪿˵
ңһ˵ľҲб̬ҲϣǶ֡ǧ˿ԣҾãҲкܴļɵӦòĳɱ
ţǧ˵ûûаգǽؿ϶Ҳ׳ֵģûôǻҪ׼Ҫлλǰ֣صǧ˱ʾл
ԵѲؿܽޡ΢Ц˵ҵˣһ֧ſҿ˳Ѿá
ʵȷʵǿһǰܹ𡣡Ůﻺ˵
Ҳһλ߽
ܹѣʯЩԾ
Ҳһλʵǿĸ߽𣬲ڻ沢ԾǺ¶ĳʼ顣
ܹԸ񣬾Ȼûе£ܽޡҲܲ졣
ţһֱҲɻΪû¡ģҲ׿ڶ˵ġ˵ʵҪʤһŮ˵
𣡡
᳤ν˽
νϸ磬ʲô£ѯʵ
νϣ
ղνϣ˫ֵһ
Ƥ
ԽӹչȷʵһƤ棬дһ仰仰ݺ󣬾ͫ΢΢һǸ
Ů㿴ԽƤݸŮ
Ůɻ󣬽ӹȥһֽۣƤݸܽޡˡ
ԣպ󣬰ݻ֮⣬
Ƥϣô򵥵һ仰ڰݻ֮档
ԣôŮ￴ʵ
ȻһǾͼһˡǲȥܻΪҺˡûԥ˵
ţһȥȹȥʲô㡣Ů˵ͷ˵


1775 

׵ĻУӰγɵ⣬ݻ֮⡣
⼸ӰǾԡŮλ߽
ǵִݻ⣬ǽصˣѾ
˫ڻУңңԡ
Ůͨķʽ߽ݣһһĶԾԽܡˣص֮ˣԶǵһμҲǵһμŮﲻܣҲ޷һӷ˭˭
ھ֪Ŀɫ۵ĿӣǻĽ
ҪʲôҪ˵ģĿӽȿ˵
ྰԣҪ񣡡ԣ˫ĿҪ
֮ˣôĿ޲ý̻
ҵϻкܶȱ㣬һ治һˡЦ˵Ҫ˵ʲô
ߣһߣĿӾԵϣתƵŮȸ߽ϣ¿ԡ
ԣǺŮΪңҲһֱŮȻŮҪ㣬Ҿ͸Ůһӡ
ֻҪӦ֮ĶԹһʹͳ˵
Ŷ΢С
һ˴˳ݻԶַݻһ
ܹ֡
ڶԴеһ롣˵
ˣ֪ϵԴࡣȻʱ䲻ȴŮϣԿóһöΪġ壬ǻʵĻ
֮ǰҲ۹ҶΪϵԴֻǲЩ߽ʲôͨһЩ˽Գһֱܴ󷽣ƺ޾ԴԽһԴӦֲǰԴϵʧ
ҪǵǸҪǸ
ֻҪ֮ĶԹһʹԺҲͿ˵鷳ǻԳΪѡԣҸ˵ǱȽ츳ڶ̶ʱӵǿʵá˵
ŭЦ
ѣ
ǺǣЩܳЦ˵
ԸͲܴӦ˵еκһӦ
ԣˡŮȷʵһֱ֧㡣ǣȥһڵġصžԣҲ˵
Ҿ͵źںˣ˵ЩڣŮϣûһɱ塣ء
˵֮ìĲ̫ŮϣȷʵظӣҲǶԷơؼսʱԶûɱ֡Եʱɵ壬Ҳûܡ
ʱľԣǿǵ뽫ص̫ݡû뵽ǣˣȻֱԼ
ǲʶ̧ٵĶɫͻ
ѣҿǲھ뿪ݻ򡣿ݻ֮飬ǾͲҪٲˡŮ￪˵
Ů裬㲻Ҫ̫ΪǾ㲻ɣŮĻŭ
Ůҡҡͷ˵Ҿ鷢չһĸһˡȥҲ֪ʲôǿѾԳˡǿһ߽𣬶߽ͬ𡣴ռ𣿶һÿһˣп
Ůⷬ˼Ǳһɱְﾰԡһ֣ߵǧҲ֣Ǻȷ̬ȡ
Ǻǡ
𣿡Ц
ôԿɣϢһһɻƳѹ
һ͵ӿ

ʱ򣬾ԸоߵһŹȻУ̺żϢ
һƵĺǧз
ֻ߾˫֣Ϸ˲۳һ״ϴݿſµĸʴԺԡ
ǧʲôתĿǧĶ۾͵ŭȵ
ŮԲסˣҲûа취ֻίһˡǧûᾰԵŭȣ˵仰ͬʱϷ۵Ůȥ


1776 ˳ɱŮ
ǻ챦ƥ
Ϊǿ֮ڹһסǾǸ߽׻Ҳѳ
ȻˣĹҲΪɫ̺ĺڰǿĸʴԡ֮µߣ𾳽磬Ҳ֪ܲڰĸʴ֮µߣմ֮
ҲԵȱݣķԽڶԵеʱʹҪһʱ伤ġһʱ㹻ӦɹܿˡΪǿ߲ɱһ͸ѽסһ
ǧ𼤷Ůڰ˲Ϣ价סŮ
Ůû뵽ǧ͵Ϯǧûκνĵġԣֱ֪ڰӿʱ򣬲ȻǧĶǧܽλãŮʶǧĿԼʱѾˡ
ǧʲôŮŭȡ
ŮֱӶֲһ貵ƣҫ۵Ĺâ͸ǣЩȴ޷ɢ
ԿγɫŮǹȥǧ˿ƣŮס
ŮĺܱǸԣǧϣֱɱ⡣
ǧ㡭ȻŮܽޡͬһŭݣŭĺ
ǧСˣǴ㣡ʯ
ߣʲôʸңǧĿɨܽޡʯλ
ǧɵĺãû㣬ǻûʲôð취ԸŮ衣ĽЦ˵
ǧ˽һۣûлӦ
ʵϣǧϵһֱáڻУԺܾˡΪˣ˲źǧȻһŮδֿܡŮǧǧʹ͵ϮŮһоͺЧ
ֻ֪һУѾˡŮﱻסʱڿ϶Ʋˡ
ǧΪҪôĶǧ
ϣǧδͻ
ԵǧĿһתԣǸЦ
ԣ̫ˡڣˣɲֻнصǧҲҪʵϣ֮ǰҾŪˡֻǰŮӣҲһֱûгֹû뵽ڶ̶ʱȻɳӵи߽սҶûаɱˡǧ˵
֮ǰҡǺǣҪҰһΡȻˣΪˣҲ˺ܶĶû࿼ǣʹӦˡŪ㣬ܵõĺôֶΪأǧ˵˵ţԼЦ
ԣ㲻Ҫ翹ˡڵΣӦúĽŮѾסҲʣܽޡʯܰˡˣܽޡʯλҲδػɣϾ⽫һʵս
ʯܽޡǾأǣﾰԣǿɵҪԵģλ߽ʯ㣬ΪóɱɾͲеԶǧֿʯܽޡˣȰ˲Ҫٰﾰԡ
ǧҿûôɣʯ̾˵ɱƫҲ㣡
Ҫʹ򣬲Ҫ˵ϻˣܽޡҲ˵ս
ˣûиı⣬Ծﾰԡ
ǿߡŮﴫˣ̫ǿҶʱ޷ѳɱ޷ﵽǡ߽׻ߣߣ
ŮĴҲǽ
λŮѾסɱɾɶˡǧѷĻᣬҲ˳ɵǾΣ۾ڣײеĹâѯص˼
صƺԽ飬Ȥӡ
Ļᣬȷʵѵáˣһοɾҵˡңɱ˾ԣŮ϶ԶǺǡţԺڻ͵СˣӰ߱ɲô׶ġز˵
ⷬ˼Ѿˣȫֽ֧ŮҲûɱ
ǴӦǰæɱԣûӦǰæɱŮǧ˵
ǧɱһɱɱҲɱãŮԭıɱŮ֮ϵԴһ˷һΣ̾Ц˵
ǧ΢΢
˵Ļǲ顣ǧ˿Ů衣
Ůǻеĸ߽֮һӵеԴǧȸ߽޷


1777 ɱľ
ǧŮĹϵһֱȽ׽
ǣصնɱһףԼŮĹϵѡǧĶˡ
õŮһĲƸȷʵһ޴ջǶڸ߽˵ѿܡ
ǧŮŭ
ǧͽĶԻǴķʽŮﵱȻ
Ů裬ҲҪҡҪ֣͹ѡСԡǧѾŮѣ˵ȻҲû˼ˡ
ȻӵеĲƸԴҲǳܵõһԴǾͺܿٽһ˵Ҳ̤һǧ˵
ԴǺöҲʹòУûˣٶԴҲ壡УһƬ䡣
һ˫۾âŷɱ⣬
֪СΪһʵܽ񣿡ǧЦһĵӣѵҪɱңǺǣǿЦ
ɱľ㣡
߾ɱһХ
Ӱּͬʱ߾ɱʩչԵӰʱʧڻڡ
ʱ˿̣ɱǧģޱȵǿңɱءԣѡһֵģǧɵͽ
ǧֻǱŮҪɱԣǾԿܻŭǧȻŮﶼɱˡˣֱȽ˻ɺ޵öࡣ
ţʧˣ
ңСӲصȥˣ
С쵰ǽƻǰһ̻һ̾ܣ
𣬷׷׺ȣһչѰҾԵټ
ΪͻȻʧǴˡ
ܽޡʯǿǴСӡǺŮ裬һˣǧתĿܽޡ˵
Ӱ߾ɱЧǷǳֲϾԷҲǶ֮һʱ䣬ȸ߽û̽ڵλá
ԵȻûߣ֮У𽥵ĽӽǧΪЧҲòԼٶȡٽӽǧǱǰĿԾͻ
ȻˣȻĿƶٶȣԾǧͺܽҲһʱ䣬ԾѾʱֺɱǧľ֮ڡ

һ⣬ȻڻУǧ¶ȥڽֵɲǣԱȫԼֶΡ
֮Ӱ绹кɵƣԷı籩һ̺˳ȥ
ϧһУҲҪǧɱҲ֪޷һɱôԼܺҵڶγֵĺûᡣЩ߽𣬶£ֶμࡣһͬʱԼֹ߽ǾԱǿ˵ɹɱǧˡ
ڻ֮Ӱ۵ʱǧȻҲ̽ˡоȻֵĽâͫ͵һȫųˮһķȪһڶ
ӣ͵ϮңǧγϣҪֵԵĽâ
ӿʼûӾԡ
ڿڣһɱʮ˸֤ӵи߽սһǧΪԼʵҪ˵ɱԼˡ㾰и߽սΣ
Щ߼𣬶ǳʼ飬󲿷ˣǴӻʱǸ߽ˣһСܹȵġοɱʮ˸һϹŹ
СӾȻܵģ
Ǻǣɱǧò˵ֶĺǿȻǶû̽鵽ټֵĻǺܻܿúķһЩʱҵ
ˣ˵ˣְɣҹζ࣡ˣϷʵš
ˣ΢΢һ𣬴ԶžλȻǶû̫żѾ֮ܴѵ
ڽжͬʱܽޡʯҲȡս
ۣ
ʱŵһĻˡ
ǧմγɵϣǱӰͱһ
ǧϣֺ̳ܾʵı顣
ô£ǧԼˡ
Ѿ߹Եʵڿǵ͹˾ԡ߶ĴܣȻûܵסԵĹ
ʱ򣬿ûʱϸϸƷζеԭ򡣽â͸Ϻѵš
ǧһ
棬һɫĲ˸ЩɫƣҲһƣݳµܲɫĲƣŽӰƹȥ
ڻ֮Ӱнɫ·ҲǺɵƣ΢һºźɫ·ӿȥɫĲƣɵƺ󣬾ͺһ㣬ηηĲǰ
꣡âɹǧ塣


1778 û·
׽磬ԵӰǵڶʱ򣬱սסӰﵽ󣬾Ընɱһס׽Ĵףǻĸ߽
ڵʵȫȷʵֲյ֮ȻȽϴǳ֮س̶ȣɲһܱȵġ

ǧ𣬷ͳĲҽ
ڽֵ֮ӰϮܣ
߽εĳʼ飬Ǽǿǿġǧ顣涼϶⡣
ˣں˾ֶεĻ֮ǽǧɵ
һĻˣľս
ǲſȫŵǧ
޷ţպյǧ𣬾Ȼھ˵³ǧ൱εĴڡ
ǿ飬ȻھԵĹ֮£
˶óǧֻǻˡȻǧδ͸ڿ֧ţȻ졣ǼˣҲ޷ǧ
λǶ˰ɣɫ߼λ߽˵
ɱӣǱؽڴСǧҵǰ֮˵
˵û֮ײУֱšʱ䣿㣬Ҳʮѣ꣬ǵöǿǼѾ첻ɱȥһضɡصɭ
߽𣬶׷׵ͷΪȻѾ뾰ԽԵ֮С
ھ͵ϮǧʱǾѾȥֻǰЩģȫżڣһޱأʩչյܺ嫵ĴʱڽԻɱ
ۣ
ǧڵֵסΪһѪԴɢڻڡ
˵һնɱǧҲĳɷ֡ǧʵǺֲܿġɱԻռƣɱǧɣҪ˵һͽǧɱˡ
ǧĴˡ
û뵽ԵĹ˵ײСټϣӰֺ߾ɱ䣬֮͵컻յֱ֮ԷʱֶΣʩչ
ͺ͵ϮŮһ
սʹҲܽŮģ͵ϮŮûκηһٳɹŮȻʵǿֶγ࣬ʹá
ɱǧͬĵǧȻֶΣʹãҲֻܴŲ޵
ǧΪѪͬʱ߽ĹѾ˾ԵĽǰɫأλ߽ĹǶ㲻ġռޡֶξʩչҲɹܡ
ΪһĻɱǧķһʱ䡣
ֻܾȥֵ
ڣܽޡʯҲսȦλҲԾԻɱǧ¡Ƕٶȳ֣Ҳ˳ס˽һ߽𡣾Եģʣλ߽Ĺ
ԽӰܴ߶ޣȫҲתޣͬʱٿ֮ȵֶΣֵ߽Ĺ
䣡һ춯صľ촫
֮ԵӰһڵ㱻˳ȥѪҺ
쵰ʵ͡ǵʵҪ׽Ĵףձ鶼߳һаת
ԱɳȥҲûκи
ֱչڿһӶһɫĳӣٿ֡ɫĳ֮ϣɢܲ
һҲǽǿĹǺʹõģΪ˻ɱԣǽﶼ˳
ĸ߽𣬹ȻֲҲǣ׽ǵطϾСıȻ׽ǵطıܱȡ׽磬ҲʺݵѡԶŽɫӺڻУסȫ䱸
ǰѾŮ֪Ϣɳͼ֪Ҳǰʮ֮С
СϷȻӿʼʹ㡣벻ʵ˵ǿᡣӦãԳֽɱٿؽɳͼγɵĽɫӣ뾰Զʡ
ƥǸֻͣɱұǣСүǲ㣡Ҳȫȥˡ
һսߣҲϵİճɹˣܽޡʯô죿Ůô죿Լˣǽ˿϶ŹŮˡ
Ůﱻڣεֵˣ
ΣԶֻԼһ֮


1779 ֮
ɳͼγɵĽɫڻһɫƥɫƥǺգͻȻתȦм䡣
Ȼǵľߡ
֮ǰ͵Ϯǧʱʩչֶμȸ߽𶼺޲ƾһֶΣҪߣǽ˻ûаܹҵԵټԣһνֱӲٿؽɳͼȦм䣬ĻԾͨ䱾£Ҳ뿪ɳͼĸǷΧ
ǰӦŽɳͼͷųĿѹԣвϼ棬һɢɫƵ𽥸֣ǾϷǿס
Ҫƴˡ
С֣
һȡ
ԭƽĽɫȻͷ񱩵ʱڻγɺ˵ķ籩һɫɰһʣԷȥ
ڽɫɰУͬʵһɱ⣬˲
ʵʱȫչֳˡ
һֵ߽ܽޡҲչעߵսιҲ΢΢һģڿŮ˵ʵĿ£ҲǽĶ֡
ڣܹܽĻ𣬿ҲŮǼλ
ƣһķ۳ǧ˿ơ
̧ϼһ
һȣ⴩գݺݵĴзĽɫɰм䡣
һƬ֮ɫɰ籩ͷȻס
ǣԵĻ֮Ӱδܻɫɰ֮ģһɳصķ֮
Ե壬޷Ƶе˼
̫ǿˣͷ΢΢һ
ʵǿټϽɳͼĻս뺷ʶĶԱһ£Ϊ׽Щ֣¼ֲ˶ãͻᱻȫֵĽɱ
û취׽ЩףûнɳͼĻ׽磬¶Ҳһɳͼı
ӵս˼ѣ㣡صһХֱָۣһ
һƬɫâʱֶɫâں̵ܶʱڻ۳ֱߡֱߣ΢΢𶯡ϸۿܷ֣ɫͺһ㡣
֮ҹ
ڵŮɫĶзһͺ
֮ҹصǿ
֮ҹ籦ȴ˿ЩĻһ浮˵֮ҹҲƣֻȻġǣ֮ҹƷȴԶһˮƽһǿʦԶ֮ܶҹı
صӵõ֮ҹ󣬲һԾΪĸ߽ӵŮƽȶԻĵλȻˣصսҪȽһŮĸһЩɼˣصȻǰеĸ߽д˵λ֮ҹû
Ϊ˻ɱԣ֮ҹҲóˡ
֮ҹ΢΢һɫ⣬ǴӾԵͷϷȻ¡
Դɫϣе˼в۵⣬мΣյϢ
ԵɫҲԽ΢΢ס
һɳͼѾǣ˾Ծľڣ˶֮ҹ˳˵Եһʧ񣬳ϸ΢©ôٲӰ磬Ҳܲסصĺ
û취ˣ
ֻܡ֮ڣֱ͵һ˦Ǭڣһתɳ
ЩɳͬʱԾѾװٵ󷨼˵һǳɡ
֮ڣǬϼصĹȲεġ
֮ǰͽ֮ڵΪ˷ֹһڣȻõ˻֮ڡ
֮ĴתĵҲһ֡ǰʹûʱһҲú壬Ϊ֮ṩԴԴϵ
ˣ
֮ԾΪģһɫϳֱ֣άȶ
䣡
֮ҹͷųɫ⣬ڻ֮۵Ļɫϣ졣֮ڣҵšĿɫײɫϵĵط˵·ֱһƬա
΢΢ɳһ
ڵķõ֤ǬصĶ


1780 
֮ڵסص֮ҹĹþ԰Ĳ١Ŀǰ֮ҹʱڲ̫ܹƻ֮ڵľԷ
صݳΪ߽ģڷϵ裬ҪЩʼ߽ǿöࡣԻ֮ϹŷصһʱҲûʲô취ֻܲϺ󣬽Ĵ
ɶСӴ߶Ĵ󣬷֮ǿصҧгݡ
ǰдԣڿΧϹŹһɱʮλ𡣴֮ڻ棬вǿĴڲ²⾰εõϹŹġڣԴ߶󷨣ƺһַ͵ϹŴ
Ҳ˵ԲϹŹ󣬻Ϲŷ
Ϲʱڣڶ༫ǿĴڡЩ飬еĴȺеоҩео󷨻Ǹʱڣ˵淽ĳɾͶõ˷ǳٵķչ
ֻǺЩΪǿĳʼ鶼伣ǿܶ뿪һȥ˴˵еԴ֮ءҲΪˣöʧˡ
Ϲʱʼ飬ҲŮ춴Ⱥˣд׽ȵǿڡ
С쵰ȻܵסҵĽɳͼŭ˻𣬲ϲٿؽɳͼžԷ
ԣȷʵŮ˵ǰ㣬˾˵飬˶ݵʱ䣬̫һֻ֣λ֣ȻڶʱڽɱϲƬĺӣ̾˵
ʱһ֮⣬δԾչĹ
ѣԽҲҪˣϽ֣Ǻ̵ʱڽӻɱתĿһƬ˵
Ƭӣֽб㡣
飬Ҳ֮Ȼǳʼ飬ڸոյʱһγʼ顣ڻУǿĳʼ֮Уһ׵ȷʵܲۡǣ˭Ҳû뵽ǣôһ۵һ𾳽ʼ飬ٶȴǾˣͻʼ鲻֪䣬Ȼʹﵽ˸߽Ρ
㣬ȷʵһ
ʼľͻƣǷǳѵġ浮ʱдĳʼͬЩʼ飬Ҫһ磬ҪģԶߵȳʼ飬ǴӿʼǸ߽ǵʵȻһɾ϶δܹͻơ
ڵĻ棬кܶһ׵ĻЩһ׻ʼ񣬶ûͻһ硣
ɴ˿ɼжô⡣
֣֡ҿɾͳˡЦһ
۾ֹŹֵı仯ɫʧͫһƬס
򣡡дͳ
ڻﴫͬʱܣʱԵĺڰ
ǾԵĺڰûһ˿Ĺǿߣ߶޷͸ǾԺڰ壬ȻҲ֮Ϳˡ
ǲ򣬱ǿֶΡһֶΣ߽ɵ
γɵľԺڰڿٵķŴ󡣺ܿ죬͸סһƬ򡣶Ƭ򣬽Ҳڡ
ɶ񣡡ȫ
ʵһֱע㣬ֵʱ򣬾Եһٶǰʱ䣬ŮҲ˵бĳʼ飬Ů߾ԣڱһЩϢ
Ů֪һЩءЩأҲ˾ԡ
Ծ֪Ĳ򣬲ǵĽɳͼԼص֮ҹͬΪ㱾ǲ
Ů˵ĳʼǲһģǴ顣˵ʵһ
õ㣬Ҳܽ㵱ʹáȻҪĨɱʶһĴڲС
ʱû֪ܡҲ֪ˣô϶ǱɵġԣһֱСĵıܣУϵ׳ʵӵкġ
ֱﵽ߽Σű÷ȻȻὫ˵ȥ
Ů֪֮ܣҲǻԵɺϡŮ㽻ֹսĹУŮ跢ֱʹòʱ򣬱ȫʧƶϣŮͨһЩ㽻ֹ˽⣬Ż϶϶㱾ǲ
Ȼˣ㻯Ϊʱ򣬿ռǾԺڰġһĸ߽Ҳ޷ǾԺڰŮȷ㱾ʧھԺڰҲΪŮͨһܶ쵽һϢ


1781 ;ƿ
λõĻգ˽ɳͼ֮ҹĹâ⣬Ժڰ
ƣûȥǽɳͼ֮ҹصֹԵģȻȥѹƽɳͼ֮ҹܡ
ڰľԣε۾ڵΣ۶һġڣ֪ĸӦͨҪǿöࡣ
ǲ𣿡
޿ײ밡㻯ѹΪ汣ǿĸ߽֮һ󣬾ʵ߳һЩĸ߽𣬶Ҳ޴ְԵ꼫ȻԾ֪һС
ѹҲѹƾԵ꣬幻ǿҲ޷ȫѹơ
̽鵽߽ĴڣܸӦԷʶǣ޷ԷûнصĻԵǲǣʱ˿̵ľԣû̫ľԿ
һԹͨСڣһ籩˳ȥ
ۣ
籩һֶΣԸڣЧǣ籩Ȼܶһ߽γ˺
Ժ籩Ҳûϣܸȥˣֻ̽һ°ˡ
䣡
Ե̽Ȼ׼ŭ˱㡣һɿµѹȻžһ̣ȫ汬ĿǾԡ
ۣһѪӾԿ³
磬žҵԵǰµѹѹþԺЩɬ
ô죿
ȥҼֲ˶ʱ䡣Ժܽ
棬ɫתϣƶȥȻɲֵܵסѹǵӰ죬ôԴʱѾѹһ̯ˡ
ԣ
֮ڵŮ
ŮһֱȫǣʵҪѳҲҪ̵ʱ䡣ѳʱԿͱɱˡ
˵ʵԵʵ֮ǿԶԶŮԤϡŮԭΪԾи߽սҲĸ߽𿹺⡣ȴû뵽ԲܵסϹŴסصһˣսλǿĸ߽Ƕôֲս
ǣڱҲս򹥻ԡԣֶܼã
ŮޱȵĽƣҲ޿κΣʱ޷ԡ
ʯܽޡͬڼҵɱ֮У޷ΪṩʯЩԹ˲Ͼˡʯĸսǿóǣִ֮ɱʱûо͡
Сֿɣ
㵲סģֺαأأͿ㳬ѡ֪ģ͵סֹҳսȷʵǿһսĽѾעڽսᡣ
촫뾰ԵԺ
Ѫ֮ȻȫĻŷųһӰֵĽɳͼĻԵ΢΢
ƥҪɱңֻƾɲСֻͣǡҪҷĴΣֱӿ˵
ߣǲײĲᣬҿСֶܼã
ԵѹԽԽΪܵķѹԽɳͼĹҲԵˡ֮Ľ⣬Ѿ޷ȫסɳͼģɳͼĽɫ⣬ÿһκӽԵı塣ڲУԵ˵ľҲԽԽԶ
أȻҲ޷ۿԴʱǿ꣬Ҳ͸֮ڣ̽鵽Ե״Խص꣬Ȼȥɱ
СӼֲסˡ
ǰ;ƿˣ
˵С̶ʵǾˡǲֵĻǻɱ˵Լ߿ֺɱԡ
ܸϢĻᡣС̫뺷ˣսһڣܿѾǿ֮һˡص˵
˵ͷ
ǳĲϣҲòһ㡣ƺ޷뾰ȡ뾰ԵĽ϶ԼܣпܱնɱԵսֻŮﶼ΢
ԵĴȷʵԽԽѡ磬ѳֱļ
ĵסˣ
ѵȥ

Ҳ˻
ԼˣôŮͻᱻɱȻܽޡʯ𣬿Ҳ޷⡣֮󣬱ǿˡ壬ԼļˡѣǶ⵽˷ı


1782 ɵͼ֮

Ҳ
Աŵ۾ͻȻ
𵴣
ȫÿһÿһǱܣһ̶׼
Ե˫ĿУ貣·ܹ͸γɵľԺڰ
ʱǬھԸֻصġĺɵͼҲȻһ¡ԼյĵڶɵƣڶȻ䣬һƬƬɫ⻪ЩɢĹ⻪һҪƿܲļ
ֻãԼڶ⣬õ
ɵƣ̤Ρ
һɫ·ٵζ𽥵ģһɫͼ
ڽɫͼγ֮һɹɺ嫵֮ܲӿһɹܣ󡣵ڶκɵƵѾǳǿˣǵЩɫ·γͼƺ̼ͷŴʮ
ǿᣬ쳣ֲ
ɵƵͻƲı仯֮⣬ǱȸӦġΪı㣬ʶʼ޷Ƶıý꣬žԣȷʲôɫͼֺ󣬱ֻоһϢһ̲סˡ
ʲôǾ
󣬽صҲе˾Ժڰе쳣򸲸ǵĻգһȦȦ𶯲ơЩƣ̺˵ĻЩƣɱͨǿߡ
ʲô飿
ѣʲôǾԣʲôأѯʡ
ˣ֮ǰǵҲ̽鵽ԡںɵɽɫͼǵͱż˳뽫͸ȴָˡԣǲѯʻı㣬淢˺¡
Ҳ֪ʲôԣƺͻˣصԺ֮С
صԸоһ˿ҡ˶һۣڶԷп˾
ͻˣ
Ѿǿľԣٴͻƣǵñöǿ
ڵľԣʱЦЦ
εĺɵƣ
Լû뵽εĺɵƣܻ˵ĿֱֲһεĺɵƣԲŻȻ˸ںɵƵϢյεĺɵƣСɡ֮ǰһΡڶεĺɵƣݣֲܴڵʹòֺɵƵѡ
ɵƵմﵽΣǲաǵΣҲֻǽɵСɶѣúɵɺɵͼ
ͨԼġĺɵͼﵽѾǼˡ
ָſɵͼ
ʱ˿̣ľԺڰ޷סɵͼĹâ
ǺɫУ뵵ĺɵͼǳԶĿǸͼĵ
ſڣкȳһ֡
ɵͼںڰУ΢΢һױȵܣ͵պɨ򸲸ǵľԺڰѳһӣ໺ɢ
ܣ㲻ĵ˺ѿռ䡣
򣬾ڱɵͼǿзֿѹ͵ֱϡȻ˿ʵϾУѾˡ
źɵͼԺڰľԣӰҲٴֳ
ԵǣδɺԵѪЩǱ˫Ŀȴ
صžԵӰ֣۾͡һɸӵؿڴ
⵽ô£
ԣôôɱǶѾˣȴ޷ɱˣһĴڣȴκβһֻʮëͷСӡǶѾȫԸȴ޷ɹ
ۿžٴλͻƣ޷ڡһսǻʤǻɱ
һս޷Իɱô棬֮أԣԲܷŹǡҸطӲ֮ǰ֣δܶԵ׷ɱ
ʲôطźɵͼص
صҲźɵͼ˽ѯʣû˵оɫͼЩϤƺͼȻ
ŮʱȥμӵġҲһΣֻصԻĿµͼٿصģֻصĽɫͼܿȷɫͼֻصǽɫͼһĶ
ҹ
Դ߶ϼ͵մ̳ɵͼǶ뽣Ӱ֮С޴Ľ⣬ݺݵײڽɳͼγɵĽɫ֮ϡ


1783 һ
ڻ֮ɳͼײʱɵͼγһɫľ޴С
¡¡
ձ
ƣӰܣ͸âݣҲڽɳͼɫϡ
꣡
һţٿصĽɳͼǱѳΣҲ޷Ȧм䡣
ҡ
ĽɳͼȻӲ߽ˡ⻹ǣڱĲǣ֮¡ǲǣƣôһܾͲѽɳͼôˡ
̫ǿˣ
ڵľԣٲȻһֻһǿߵ̬ˡȻڵľԣҲ޷Ů춴ǸεĴڱȡ
ھ˵ҲʦˣԻûĴУӰ硣ڽյӰ磬ɴ˿󣬴Ļ춴жǿ
ǣܿǳԽĴڡûӴŮݾԵ˽⣬ŮʵӦòȻ춴пܱȻ춴滹Ҫǿ
ɳͼɫѺ󣬱ĲҲʱ𡣱㣬ڽصĸصȻҲֹ֮ͣڡ
֮伤ҵɱʱͣ˫ӣһʱû˵
ʱҲû鿴Լ硣ǰֹܽʱ򣬾Եֱļڲ鿴ܷѺۣҲǺء
Ҳڹؼ֮ʱɵƻͻƣȷʵ޷ּʱˡһôһ̾ԱضữΪɻңڴˡ
ԡ
Ůеʱ֪еˡ
ȷʵ޷
һȻս̶ȡŮãԵսԵģѾԽ
ܽޡʯսҲͣһܽޡʯɱĸ߽ҲȻ˵˽ɫӵĶžԡ
һսʼ֮ǰ˭뵽սչһΪɱԻܼ򵥣ʵȴ˵ļѡ

ԣͻƶ԰ɣڣ˳
İ
ҲƥֹңȻҲôȡͻơǺǣԵȷʵΪĥˡȻҲܺáЦ˵
˵ģȷʵʵѹȣԶԺɵƵգȷʵ̫ôʹﵽΡ֮ǰĺܳһʱԶԺɵƵûнչɱǿٹ꼸ʮ꣬Զδȡͻơ
仰ϵļⶼڲ
ǣ֪ɱԣˡǣߣҲǲܣͬû·
ղֹңǲǺʹ찡ڣֵˣڲ鿴֮󣬲ϼ΢΢һζ仰˵ŶĽ˳˹ȥ
֮
һϣһȡ
ɳͼܣٴα
صȵȣҲͬʱ֡
ߣܽޡʯ𣬵ȻûšǷھ࣬ЭԹ
˵Ӱɱһɫ䡣ط֣Ϣ֯
ʯսȷʵ̫ˣĹԽȸ߽𣬶ûʲô̫вܽޡսҲص൱ѡ
ڵս뷽ŷ˸ı䡣صҪǹ֮ڴ󣬾Ǳûֵ֮صɴʱ֮ڴûʲôˣǷ󷨣˵ûй
͵£Ȼɵȡͻƣʵһʱ䣬ȻκβýˡƺֻܵŮƿȻսܳ׸ıս֡
ԺܿͶսƣҲͲżˡʱȥԼ
ԲżȻżˡ
ȥŮǾͱذɡѣ˳ȥڵŮɱˡĸˣҲܶһʱ䡣һתɨŮǱһۣԱ㴫˵
ӵĴʱȻԼôΪĲ΢΢һ󣬵ͷеŮ︲ǹȥ
ţһ
ĶȻùԡȥԾ֪˱Ĵ㡣ԵȻñ֣תһɱľԺڰ
ֻһԶԽ˵ѹͶȻࡣ
ˣȻһķ֣İ취þԷɢǾȻǳ


1784 С
ȥڵŮҪֹ㣬͵÷ġһģԽ˵Ĺϱȵ½
뾰һʯܽޡ𣬴ʱͲˣʯһʱֱòһԵıֵʱ䡣
սı仯ԾգɫۣĿűĲ
㻯򣬱ˣǺѱɱġԾȫ֣ɱҲǲס˵޷ȫֶԸ㣬һܽޡʯԽĸ𹥻ֻºܿͻᱻնɱ
ԣ㲻ҪҡȻұסҲ˭ɱҵġŮڣԾԺ
սľƣŮ￴ø͸Ƿ㣬ôһսĽܻܿĽ֡Բܱ㣬ȫʯܽޡλȫĶԸĸôֻҪĸɱһͼ򵥶ˡ
Ů裬Ҳ̫СˡǺǣҽֹӦ֪ҵʵ㱻ڣܷӳɵʵҵҪֶܼáЦӲڴ
ߣ㣬ٵ⡣ɣҵҪûгŮϣ⻪ҫ
СŮ豻ѻɱɣЦҾԵ˼˵
סʵɶ޷ӳŮ裬뵲סѵĹصҲӿ˵
ʱγɵľԺڰѾȫѹŮԵˣѾŮӰһƬռ䣬ȫ뵽ڰ֮С
Դʱѵ
УҲǷŭͽǡ
ҪŮ豻ɱ϶Ů費ǰѩʦ𣬶ҲкܴĶ顣һνҪɱԼŮ޷վԼһߡԼŮǲ
ˣ
ʱԶˣһǿϢݶ
һϢ˲ϢңԶӹԡˣʶתĿǸ
ʲôˣ
ڴʱ˿̣˭ҽӽս
˶˿϶Ǹֻ߽ǲ֪ǻһ߽𡣾һһɱĶǷǳģЩͨӽҲǿսͻᱻսɢɱ
ܽӽս͵и߽ʵҲվȦ
Ҳˣǽһĸ߽ǾĲˡԼĸֶΣ϶һޡεĺɵƺ͵Ӱ磬ʱڼͻơϵĶ𾳽磬ƺҲ̫ڶڴﵽ
˵λ߽𣬻ǽһǿߡôԣҲΪ߽𣬺ܿܳΪѹյһݡ
нţͬɻΪҲ벻ٽӽսĸ߽˭
Ϊɱԣȷʵ˺ܶ׼ǣɱԵģѾȫʣµЩ߽ǵҲһЩûдӦֻɱԡȻûӦôͻȻһɱԣ
һȺСҲҹԣ
һӰ𽥵ڳ֡Ӱոճ֣һĽŴ
ţһ
СϲӾԿд
Դڿһ󣬾ԾҲûʱ뿪ǵʱ򣬴һȺǿߣǽһյأѰҽϵطӡĻᡣԴ֮󣬾ԾûеõСκϢ
벻ڽ죬Сˣǳݻ֮⣬ɱս
Կ˵òȷʵǾҲС
˿ɫȻһ䡣
ǶԾԲİص֮⣬ˣСһ浮͵ĳʼ顣ǣٶСԲİ
ֺ˵仰˼ԣվھߵġʵǵȻǶĳʼ飬λʼ֮һڣЩ뿪ǿ֮⣬ǿĳʼ֮һˡ
˿תĿ˿صˡ
ʼ֮һǿ˳Աˣһ˵ƺϵǳô죿ص˵
˵ںܾ֮ǰһΣȻʵºѻָ۷塣ԣǿɲܱͷסˡһ߽˵


1785 
Զһ
£ڻͨ߶ԴȻǺ֪ģǸ߽У֪һϢĵҲ١
ڵľʵδָôҲȫȻûлᡣ
Ѿ޿ˣֻӲͷƤˡ
С
ԣ
Ժ;¶ϲ֮ɫ
㲻Ҫ£һˣЩ˶Ͳ۸㣡˭۸㣬Ҿɱ˭СһİͶ䣬ûн˷ӡ
ԿЦá
Ҫ£ɭɭĺȵ
СһתŽʶ㣬н԰ɣСô˵Ҳ㻯Ϊҽ
δ䣬СչӰŽ˹ȥ
ͬʱУһ䰵ɫĻ棬ͬһһ㸡ֳЩϣſֲ¶ȡǸ߽𣬶޷ӽЩ档
æٿؽɳͼȥֵɫĻ档ɫ밵ɫɫۿɼٶڡ
Сľ̫ǿˡҲǾյĿͨ
ڻ棬кܶʼ鶼츳Щ츳в޴ͨһЩ飬֮ͨе飬ܶѪȽǿ壬ʱԴǿ츳
ľǻǿ츳֮ͨһ
СʩչҲʹţʵѾȫָˣվһ۷塣
ңɫҰס
ʵȷʵǿŮҪ΢һ۷ľȣ͸ˡԵɱھУͼֲ˶ʱ䡣ǿֶνɳͼֱӱڻ
ص˿һҵæְԿ
ǣôֻһԿ֣
ܽޡʯλѣ鷳ȥԸ㡣ǣͽҺСԶܽޡʯ˵
ãӦŻı㼱ٳȥ
ܽޡʯλǱͲܶŮвˡʵҲܽޡѡܽޡʯֹ֮£ûκλᡣ
Գս
֮γɵĽâᴩգСֻ֣ɱý߽ڽڰ˴
ɵͼԽĿ꣬Ҫɫ۵ĸ߽ϡ
ɵɵĽɫͼھ޴Ľ֮Уܣɫȫȥ
ۣɫ۵ĸ߽ȫ΢΢һֶΣ֮ڽâ͸¿ٱ
һҽУ壬㱻â
ܣһЩռԴ俪
߽ɱ󣬾ԺͣЪֽĿ꣬תڶ߽ϡ
صǣ׵Ļˡ
ߣ
ˣûʱ̫֪࣬ǲߣǽȫҲ˲ʲôˡ
ֻǣڼߣҲһܴ⡣
;֣߾ߵģ
˵ʱʱ죬ڽ׼ߺһʱ䲻ڶλҲ˾ԵĻ֮â֮¡
ڵľƣǾԡСԽصԶԶ˫ʵ࣬͸ˡ
صһٿؽɳͼһٿ֮ҹһߵֵһ߳ˣԺСǲƣĻᡣ
ʮʱ󣬽һҽУ壬ڻɿԴھ֮ûܱռ䣬ֱӾͱըˣԴɽһķܻա
ֻ߽һصҴţʱص뷢ţѾûа㿪ʼʱģˡ˫Ŀ죬֮ҹٿصޣеͷ֮ƴĵֵš
ԣͬߣαնɱ
ĸֻ߽ˣߵݡĸ߽𣬶ǳʼ顣㣬Ϊβһ·صѵҵ˵Ļᣬġ
˵ĵû
һڣֻ;߽ߵݡϸ˵ʵϵĸ߽ߣʵֻһڷϣŶѣδ̤롣
أɱҵʱôû߸߽أЦһ˵
ԣؼ˻ţֻҪһ·ԺԲ鷳ҿ˵鷳Ժĵطһߡ


1786 
飬ȫǿзһΪ߽𡣿˵սʽȾʼ鶼Ҫḻöֶ࣬Ҳ
ҲΪѾɱˣܻŵԭ
ҷŹ㣬ԺҾ·Ҳκεı۾΢С
ԶԶԣҿģط·𿴵˻ȥϣ
Ǻǣ˰ɡֱɱ㣬͸õıˡˣŲҪκεġһЦ
ԣδΪصģ͸ıɱصľġ
䣬ԶصĹȻǿ
㡭ԣ㲻ú㲻úصֵס
Ծڵʵһ˾ɱأοоһԹվǱâɱ
رնɱ󣬾ԶС΢΢һʾ⣬ת㡣
㻯򣬻ܽޡʯλɱȻھԵ·磬ĿǰΪֹܽޡ˻޷ɱ
Ժ;ɱ˵Ḷ́㿴ҲߣֻǱܽޡ˾סһʱҲûսĻᡣһ飬˾ͱɱˣۿžԼ
嫵ܣ³ҵѵĻᡣ
ǣûܳɹ
ɵͼԲٿغɵͼɫľ޴ͼڲϷѹ
ûֱȥƲ
һܼ뺷ıֻҪıʶĨɱôΪԻáԣԴѹ򣬶ͨɱķʽ㱾ʶ
ǣҲõԵĴ׾Ե˼Ͼԣס
ܿģ֪Ҫʲô
СõΣҪòһ𣬾ԺڰΧģ׸ֳ
ǣôĻ᣿
ķһЩʱֶΣվԳɹıʶӲγɵľԺڰ£ƴ˿һ壬ƮھԵϷܣڲת
ԺڰʧڵŮܿľ
ǰһֱڵġ
ڿԵ˶Ȼ򶼲ˣŰп˾վھߡ
Ůû°ɣŮʵ
û¡ŮҡͷĿž
ŮȻҲʶȻϤڻУҲйνӴ˵䣬ûǰһʱ䣬˵ڿǳֹŮŲ²ˡ
ţҲǰŴһؾгҾԣ˵ˡŮ裬þòŮЦ˵
ǰȷʵܾûˡŮЦЦ
ھԵ˰֮£ŮܿʹѳҲǼ亱ıֵߡԵڰŮʱҲĿƣδ
սѾ˷Ҳ÷ˣöǶడԿЦ˵
һδսһɱ߽𡣽ЩˣԴࡣǱɱԴȻ龰ԵС
ԣҾˡһսҿûֹ͡Ů仰ҡͷ
Уһ棬ҲҲԴҸĸ߽𡣡ŮЦż˵һ䡣
ȷǳС
ԼŮ貢ǹҲ֡
Ҳ÷ЩԴЩ˵û̫áԣԺʱ䣬ͿˡСԾ˵
ܽޡʯҲƴǡԻǼֽԴָˡܽޡʯǽһսͺ˵ˡûЭǾһʼҪ߽ΧɱܿκɵƵĻᶼûС
û̫ʱ䣬㽫սƷ
Եѣһ棬ʵǰ֮ˡܽޡп˵
ֹǰ尡ҿ֮⣬ԵѵսӦ˿ɼˡŮֻ¶ȲϾԵѡʯ˵
ţڵʵȷʵѾҡһԽû⣬ңǵסֵġŮﵹȫ˵ԵʵǿҲʵ
Բμ磬·աŶʱ䣬Եʵͱ֮ǿŮ˵
ԵѵҪˡһսĽϢܿͻᴫȥЩ˵ȫ󣬲֪ô롣ܽޡ˿Ե


1787 ݻ
ܽޡʯǰ뾰ԴδйӴһս֮ǰλʵİˡ
ɾһսλĹϵɾͷͬһˡȻ˵ܽޡʯΪŮŻﾰɱô˵˶ðΣյġݳĶ飬ԶȻҪĵס
ԺҪ԰æԲκεƴǡ
λǿɱɱңһ֮Ȳ˵һڣʵҲʲôԼ˵ǫ˵
Ҳǫ飬ԵʵȷʵԹھһ档Ȼ˵Щǿޱȵĳʼ鶼ܾúܾû¶Ҷ²Щʼ뿪˻棬ⲢǾԵ飬˵ŮǸεĳʼʲôط
棬ڸ߽˵ҲǷǳӴģһЩյءؾҲȫˡкܶطǾҲ֪˵ȥ
ˣҲվˡţҲÿ˹ưݻˡһݻ类ƣǰݻҲͲøˡת˵
ԣȻȥ
ԣɵҺȺþƣһսҿǲƴġʯЦŶԾԿЦ˵
ʯһλȽϺþƵĸ߽
ȻһóصƿλþƣܹҲЦ

Сķӡȫ⿪ˣѯʾ
ţȥյأ˳ҵķӡѾ⿪ʵҲҪָ۷ʱˡ벻뿪ַô顣ԣ㣬ǿ˿ѾˡԣĽٶǿֲҲǰԴ֮ˡС˵
Դ֮أĿ
ⲻǾԵһ˵Դ֮ˡ
ŮһλԳƺǿڣǺ棬ƺԴ֮ص顣Ů˵ǿ󳬹֪һǿĳʼ飬޷ȡ
ĲΣڵľԣҲҪС
ǰԴ֮أһ棬߽Ͼ͵ͷˡҪ̤һͱ뿪һ档˵УԴ֮زһеռСͷ˵
ʵԣҵǸǿĵսҿǸʱҲ뿪һˡС˵
С㵱ʲôĵˣʵȻвľʵ
ǰ˵ʵǳ׺ҲǸͬھġСЩŹ֣˵ԣڵʵҲӦýӴ߲εһЩϢˡ˽ᣬұȥп
УԵһ˵ʡ
ԤУԼܺܿ죬ͻ֪һЩܣ߽𶼲֪ܡ

˵Ф鳤аѩǿԼ𣬶Ѿڰݻ總һȺʱİǿߣҲЩǿһġ
ѩˣ˾ԻϵĽɢѩǶ֪Եȥȸ߽ģ˫ܴܿս߽ĴսѰܲġѩǣܵľԡŮ˵İȫ
Ե˻Ȼɳһ
졢ФǴһȺ𣬿ӭŮﻹоԵ˼
öˡݻϰѾ鳤ФǴϯ鳤ʹ쿪˵ĴǰݻɡͶ˵
ԵĻ졢ФǶܡ
ڣȵһ죬ȵݻײһ졣ݻǰݻƿصټĽ򣬾ͽڿˡ
˵ĴѸٵתŰݻٱȥ
һսʲôˣݻǿòࡣڣȼ߽ҲھԺССݻʣµ޷ֹ˵Ĵܲһ£ݻͻᱻռݡ
ʵҲˣڰ֮󣬰ݻͱ˹ơ˴ƿ˰ݻ磬ʼɨЩδռĽ
սһҲͽˡݻߣѾȫֿһЩǵ赲Ҳ۵ȻˣҪƿݻ򣬽ݻɿ˽ҪȽʱˣΪλʱ䡣
ڿ˹ưݻͬʱԶľΪ׵һȺ߽Ҳ˰ݻЩ߽ݻ磬ĿľҪԡȻǶ˵˽صȸ߽սϢ
Ϣʱжô𾪡


1788 䵭
ľˣȷʵӰݻϢŻˡ
صǧλ߽ڴս䡣һսλ߼ڻУҲǼȺ顣
ؼڣû뵽뾰ԵĽ棬ĽΪ
ڵõһϢ󣬶ľ˱ٶȸϵݻ
ľλ߽Ҳ˲ӡڰݻ⣬Լ˶ľˡǣԵڶμľ𣬵һŮϡ
˵ʵڵľԣԶľ̬ȿ̸飬Щ䵭ԭܼ򵥣ľûֹˡľȻϷԽ뾰һɱδȥֹ
ԶľݵλֹȫǿġһڣľĵλɲŮңľŮһܴƣǾ߽ܶϵܡ
һڣܽУľһԣҪֹԸԣټŮվھߣǽķˣҲúúõһУصҲһ𷢷衣
˵˵ȥľֻҲ˽Ҳ˽ĵģֻǰεúܺá
ȻˣҲ˾ָľϾ˼ҶľֲʲôˣƾʲôҪֹ
ľѣԶԶģԶľȸ߽˹֡
Եѣ
ѣŮѡľüĿӣ뾰ߵλк
˫һ
ľѺλѣ˴ǰݻ磬ʲô𣿡ʵ
֪ˡ
ľ˴˴ǰĿģʵ߽սǻ顣ľˣ޶ԡΪλ߽ضܶӰ졣ǣÿһڻ涼ټӰǵıǣࡣǵ£һӴ
ԵʻľʱЩΣЦһ
Եѵʵ𾪰ľʵ˵һ䡣
Եѣ֪صǣǷѾ䣿ľߵһ߽ʵ
ûǰڰݻ֮Ļգλ߽ͻһսλ߽ȫɱֱӾ˵
ûʲôġ
ҲʱЩ߸ϵĸ߽ʼǰ¶һ¶ˡ
ڵ̬ƣŮܽޡʯλ߽뾰һϡ֮⣬ԻоǿټϾԼ뺷սڻڣûܹˡ
ǶľҲǲСľԵãҲԼʶĸ߽뾰Ӳ˵Щ߽ҲԸȥľĴ֡
˵ڵ㹻ǿֻҪŮ춴Ǹε鲻֣ûвԡ
ԣȫҪȥĵ͵
仰˶һĬĬĶһۡ
;ѣƺϵǳܰ˿˿ԣֿ˿ߵľ˵
Իû˵СͶǸ߽˵뾰Ըʲôϵ޹ء
С仰һ㶼ˡ
ȻСǣҲھУǸ߽ҲʲôҪ֪ʼ档۷ʱڵս㲻ŮǸε飬Ҳ̫󡣶ңǲ֮㱻ɱҲ鶼߱
Ｗһ䣬Ǹ߽ɫһ죬Ҳҷ쭣ֻаһ䣬ʾԵĺȻܡ
Եѣ֪ʲôأľЩΣæʵ
㣿ľѵ˼ǣ۾
ǺǣݻѾǱˡ˵Ľ򣬽õȵšľЦ˵
ǰľ˵ģһ㶼ûԵͷ
Եѣǽ˵£ģҲռźܴĽ򡣲֪ԵѺ᲻Щٴ󶯸ɸأľҲװɵֱ˵ˣȥȦӣҲǵʱ䡣
󶯸ɸꣿľˣʰǣҪ󶯸ɸꡣǵԶѾɱƾЩˣûеҵֱһ˵
ľɫʱЩŭ
Եѣо仰һҪ˵񣬽λ߽ѾΪβܷŹµЩأѵ㻹ЩԺбսѾ࣬ʱˣľһЩ


1789 Զ
ľ仰˵꣬Ծ̲סЦˡ
ԵĿ⣬ӶľϻƶһһľһЩ߽
ԵѣιʷЦľЩȻ
Ծԣȷʵûٵ
ֻǾöľۣⷬЩЦľĪǾãһսҾԻǿ˷ģЦĿӡ
ȻǡǶ֪һսǽϳ˰ݻˣԿսġľ˵
Ȼľ֪һսΪ˵ۣľѣûȥһսж޹䣿Ǻǣ˽֮Уҹ֮ǰʮ򱻹ƣЩڵߣˣѵࡣ
ľĬ
ԵѣһսǶ֪ȷʵʧ󡣵ǣڰݻѾ𣬰ݻҲᱻƿءˣѾѵЩֲ˵ʧ𣿡
ǰⳡսչزʧپȥֻøȥԵѣβһ˴ˣ
ľһĸ߽𣬷׷׿˵
ЩһǼ˵ĸ߽
⼸λѣ˵ĺܺǲǿԽǵ˼ңȥǵĵɱһȻƨˣٶ˵һ䱧ǸȻǾͿԲ׷ˣԺ˵
㡭
ԣôô˵
ǣҲΪ˻棬Ϊ飡߽ϸֳŭ
ˣһȡ
£Ҫ̸ˣⳡսƺҲûʲôϵҲ̸šǺǣ˵ôˣӦַֹˡ˵Щǲ𣿡
ҾȷĸǣҿߣԶ˵
Ե仰ð졢Фǵȵȿ˵ĸ߲㣬Ѫڡ
ҿߣԶ
ŮܽޡʯˣݣΪԵİеܡ
ˣ䡣
ڿ˵䣬ȻǾԡţڽھԵ֮£϶Ѹٵ𣬳Ϊһǿ֮һ
ľĿ˾һۣҲ𽥵ĻֱָǺͰˡ
ȻԵѾˣϷҲͲٶ˵ˡϣԵԺҲԼľţǾͲˣǣľվԹ˹ֱ֣ת˳ȥ
һ߽Ҳ뿪
ɢ
ľĿģʵҪΪȰ˵ԵΪֹҪټɽ˵¡ǣǴȻʧˣԲδӡ
ûиӣҲ޿κΡ
ǿȻУһˣ˼ɵˣ˵߻һڴҶֱ֪뾰Դһӵġ˭ԾԲһӦ
Ժ;֣һڣ˭Ӳ˭Ӳ
˶ࣿҲУŮҲǺǵġ
Ȱ˵ֵʱŮһ仰û˵̬ȣѾȷˡҪ׷ɱ£ŮȻְֹܻæ
֮һι˵ûʲôջ
ĿͶľ뿪ҲûͣûǸҪˡԭԻŸľһЩӣԺҼҲ˵ǣľЩˣȻʱһţ浱ԺƢˣ
˵ʲôΪ˻棬ⶼƨû˽ģǲǹ¡λ߽£ɲ١ľþ֣ͣǱȻܴлþ޴档˵Ĺûʣʵĵ׻Ϊ˽
αӶѣԱ
Ȼûָգڳˣ֪˵˭
ԣǴ㽫ɨһ飿Ů￪ڡ
ţҲŹЩˡȻˣҲնɱҪɱ˾̫ˣֻɱһЩҪĳԱɡԵͷ
Ҫæֻ˵ŮҲͷ
Ůܽޡʯλѣ飬ǾͲسˡǺǣĸȥ׷ɱ£ǶľȺԺ²Ǻɫˡ԰ڰ֡
˭ںأܽޡν˵
ˣԺ⻹ҪЩ˴򽻵ûǲҪ˺ĺá˵ˣҲûʲôõóֵˣ߿ɸ㶨ٴҡͷ˵


1790 
һڻմ
̫ˣ
ǿɶ񣬴ӲһСѣ˲ӡҲˣȴľѵӶ
ߣίʵǿɺޣҲ֪ŮôģȻСۣͬ
ľһȺ߽뿪ݻڻշУáھǰûһǻˡ
λ˵ɣľɫƽ
£ԺͲҪˡǾԿҲãĿҲáǶ޿κΣص˵ʵֲǲֻ֪Ǳܻ˵ˣȫնɱ⾰ԣеĸӿֲľͳ˵
ľĻ߽𶼱ͣҲ̲ס⡣
ǰٲˬҲûã˼ҾǲӣκΣ˭еȥ뾰ԿսˣǻӣոȥŰµʱ䡣
ֻǺһ߽̾Ϣһ
żҪȵġûлᣬҲˡľ۾

ƽ£Ҫʦڡ
ֻСͰѩˣ˼ʱڽƿһ飬òˡһɱ˺ܶˣҲջ˺Դ
ĳ˶ԭݻƿҲȶڼ䣬ȻҲкܶķЩߣǺԥѪѹ˭˭ģҲˡ
һգһ֮ڡ
С㿴Īڵʲôָ
ԽĪݣǬ˳
׽ʱĪΪ˾ԣս嶼һ롣ƣԾȫҲֻάĪݵ岻ɢĪݻָ
Ǭʥʦûа취˵һ棬ҲҵĪݵĵʦˡ
Ҳû취ֻܾȥѯʡСǶĳʼ飬ʶ㣬а취ԾԽĪƳǬ磬С￴
СתܿͼһĪݵɫء
Щ⣬޷ֻǡҪľ壬ѾҲʱȫɢƣֻ޷ָˡСҡͷ˵
ѵһ취û𣿡硣
ţȷе˵ѾˡԸ磬ʹһЩĵҩ壬ҲɢˡСҡҡͷֵͷ˵
Сô˵ʧСﶼô˵ˣҪĪݣȷʵûа취ˡ
Сһû취ĪݣԴ֮أ᲻пʲôĪݣһתʵ
Դ֮أһеռһڣĪҩΣԴ֮أ˵ҵĪݵİ취
Դ֮أ
Ը磬Դ֮Ҳûȥֻ˵ѡ룬Դ֮ؾĪݵ飬϶а취ġԴ֮أһЩʵǿӦöвֹһ취Сž˵
ˣˡһ棬һֽĶ˵ܹҵһҲĪݻָֻǣǼȺĶֻڻ浮ʱָļֻ꣬һ궼ҲˡС˵Ҳ̾һ
С˵Ļȷʵϡ١ֶҲ浮ʱ˼ѣ浮󣬾ûκεط˵ǻƷ
úܵһߡʼҲûʲôЩǿߣǺѰһġ
˵Щǿ߲ȥѰһΪûЩǿߣҲҲĪҪǣлͿԣҪ౦Լǳǿʥʦ
֮࣬ۼ󣬾ǶԸ߽˵ҲǼɵ
һ
ϡ٣ҲҪԿܷҵͿ⡣˵
䣬жʱһתת
Ը磬һ滹ûж˵УҵĿҲӽ㡣Ҳ׼źáСĿзŹ⣬ΪǶԻϣ̫æԴԤ룬ǧҪ̫ϣ̫ʧ
ҵǡԿԶС΢΢һЦ
۾𣺡֣ɷͨһ£
Զſ˵һ䡣仰С΢΢һ㶣ʲô


1791 ë
СȻĿžԡ
˭˵ѵڻڸڣСٴβ̽ҲûзֳԼ뾰֮ĵˡ
Сɻʱ򣬿ռ֮һϵ־Ȼ١
ڣϵģǾεĳʼ飬Ҳ޷֮ϡʵǻתֻҪһڣȻȻҪĹһڵ飬͸޷ս־
־ٺСҲһʱ͸Ӧˡ˲Ϣ䣬׹־ڻһĹ塣
֮УٴתĿԡԣȻֱӹͨһ仰־֮ͽ٣Щ˼飡
ڵĸ߽ȷʵпжԻġǣϵ㺰һ䣬־ͽеĽ
ԣȻ˱޷顣
Сѣںң֮ݶ
־ҲûбܻԱߵľһڣǿ֮һ뾰ԹϵǳֱӳҲû⡣
֣һֱӾ˵
Ϊ˾ĪݣԸ⸶Լܹдۡ

Сѣ֪ģйתԾҺܿ㣬ȴҲΥת򣬹Ϳ˻ң涼пܱھһϣҲ޷ȥﾰɡ
͵Լƻ򣬾͵Լ
˵Ǿɱ
֣֪ҲΪѡǣȷʵΪҪҲ鷳㡣ܣһЩϢģϢҲáԹƻҿԾȫֲ˵
ھⷬ˵־˶ݵĳĬ
˺һᣬٴδ
СѣѾ֤ڲӰĵ£ҿԸһЩصϢ־˵
лԷԷθ˵
ë裡
ë裿΢΢һ㶡
ţˣģѾ˼ޡСѣٻˣ־Ѹٳȥ
һԣ鶼ˡֱæʵǡ
ǰûֿܡ浮δ˵ܹĽ˵Ҫæˡ
־ٺһֱ뾰ڽûСɴҲԿСǿʼ飬Ҳʮֵں
Сᵽˡë衯֣ƺһ֣ҲǵԿСü˵
û֣ڻڣ߽׵𣬾ԿкܶûģûֵģԺ١ëһӵлǾԵһҪģҵë顣
ë裿Ҳû֣С˼Ƭ̣ҡҡͷ˵Ӧþһ֡ڣ֪ؾȵյأûнëֵġȻҲȫųëһ
ţ˾ܱ֮ǰͷҪõöࡣͣڿ֮ʣǷ֪ëϢԵͷ˵
ԴѶ߲ͬʱСҲæѯһЩ顣
պ󣬹ë̽飬˽չ
ë裬ȷʵһʼ飬˲Ǹֻ߽һȽͨĳʼ顣ڻڣҲûʲôұȽϵ͵ˣʱ䣬һ֮ͨڡ
֪ëһʼ󣬽ͼ򵥶ˣܿ죬Ծȷëڵ硣磬뿪Ҳ̫ңԶٶȸ·ʮʱ伴ɵִǸ硣
ȷλãԱ̶ǰ
Ȼڶ֮ǰҲͨϵë贫ѶѯʶԷǷӵлӵУԸ⸶Դ
ëڵõԵĴѶƺҲЩȻ֪˾ˣ˽ⲻپԵϢֻһȽͨĳʼ飬ǰһ뾰ĴｻףëЩҲ
ëĻظȷȷʵһұãҲԸ뾰𽻻
ǵõĻظԲ̶ǰëڵ硣ֻҪõпĪ
ʮ󣬾Եִǧ磬Ҳëסĵ硣
ԣ˳ë衣
ëѣҪʲôԴֻܿڡֻҪóּۻۡԿǰëĳʼ顣


1792 °
Ȼʹ֮Ϊϡ٣ֵ϶͡ңһڣ˵ֻʣëһˡ
ԣë迪һۣҲȥּۻۡĪıһЩԴܹġ
֮ǰĴ׹ëٴζԾԹ˹֡
ëˡԺ޼ӡ
֪Ҫֻһë˵ʱЩ¡
ëģȻʱ䲻һֱԴϿ϶û⣬ֻܿ۾ǡ̾˵
ϵԴǵȻһ֡ԶĲ˵˵ڰݻɱ߽𣬻õԴһ޷֡ЩԴУһǷָܽޡʯ𣬵ͷھԵġ
ҵ˼ˣҲΪò൱ԴǣһԼҲҪʹáԣ޷۸ˡëɫЩ԰ף˵ʱ壬Ǹ⡣
˵ʲôԻΪԼˡ
ë裬㽫۸Լˣ
ʲô
ǧ֮ǰԻʹóѶ߸ë贫Ѷʱë趼ȷӦԽ۸ԼڣֻʮʱȥôͻȻˣ˵ʲôԼҲҪʹû֮ʣԲš
ĺܶԲһȷʵܳ۸㣬¡ëͷֱӾԵ۾
֪Ϊ˻ר̴ӿǽǧ硣һһأ͵ʮꡢϰʱ䣬ʧܴңҲԸ⳥ʧ˻֮⣬ԴΪֲ͸㡣ë˵ʱռ佻˳
Գˣ
ëӣǹˣŪԼǣΪͻȻı̬ȣ
ѵ˵ʲô˵ˣǽأҪʹû
ǣˣëҵʥʦæ𣿻ڵʥʦͺ٣ܹʹûģܾ͸Ϊˡ
ë裬ô£
ë裬ھԿëӦòǹУܿʲô顣
˵ʵʱǺܷŭġ
ӿǸķѼʮʱ䣬ִȴ֪޷õ⻻˭¶ŭǣҲǿëģëֲܲɱ˶ᱦɣ
ëѣȿûȥëռ䣬Ƕһö׾
ëʶĽӹ׾һʱ֪׾ľ޴ֵ
ëѣⶫ׾֪ǰûСڣҿǧö׾ټһЩܻõĶ񵤣еĻͬ⣬̾ͿԽס˵
ԵĳۣȷʵǷǳ˵ˡ
ǧö׾ǷǳֲˡҪ֪ε飬ȫҼһö׾ɴ˿ɼǧö׾ļֵжô޴󡣾ǶԸ߽˵ǧö׾һۺľ֡
׽Щһó˶׾
ëϢôȻҲĶˡ
ĺܱǸһǲܽ۸㡣ëվҡͷ
Ŀ˫üëѣҵĳۣѾǼˡҵĳ۲⣬ǻ
𣡡ë΢΢
̧ͷĿž˵ǽռ䶼ңҲܽ㡣Ϊ
ë轫˵һԾ֪һֻ޹ˡë裬ȷʵܽ۸Լˡ
ðɣ
ëѣˣʱԴѶǡ
ôҾ͸ˣԵ
ëʱɳһĸо
Ӱζһ£ֶסͻȻʵëѣͻȻı⣬Ϊ㱳㲻òɣ
ëͻȻð仰͵һ£ɫҲٴδ䡣
ûûСëѹæϡ
Цŵ˵ͷ
ȻëˣѾȷȷʵˣëı⡣ˣʱ֪˭ǣ϶ëżĹϵë費ϧԼҸ˾޴Ĵۡ
˭أ
˿˿
ǣ뿪

صǺ󣬾̲̽ëϢӴĻתԺܿ͵õҪ֪һС
һ֪ĶУһ֡
бһ飬ԿɾϤˣһΡ


1793 
˻ưݻľһͬǰݻԵĸ߽Убһ
Ǵ֮⣬뱫һ߽ûнҲйԹ
ڣһȴë轫۸ԡ
ԭԶëͻȻı⣬ЩģԴҲЩŭ֪Ǳһ󣬾ԾͶëûκ϶ˣЩë衣֮ë裬ȻΪëһĻǴһ¿ëҲһĳʼˡ
ݾյϢһǰȹëΪˣһԸë費ý쵰۸ԣëҧհ졣
һڣܾԣҲҪ͵ǵġԾڵʵܾǶľǿˣҲ֡
ëӱһķԸȻҲη屫һë轫ԣɽջԵ飬ѰԱӶܼ򵥡˾ɽëͲҪıһıɴ˿ɼëȷʵΪһľ֮žܾԡ
ĶûκγԹȴô˱ֶһûԶë費κηŭɶһȴЩŭ
һǸ߽𣬵ڻеߣԶŮ衢ľȽصˣ˺ôһءʵڸ߽Ҳǵ׵Ĵڡ治֪뾰ԡ
ৣʧУһ̣ʦտס
տһʱ䣬һֱҲסڿǣδ硣
ʦտ
ԣôпչˣտ¼ԣϲõʵ
һ£ʦһ¡ԽԼѰһ飬տ˵һ顣
տ֮ǰ֪ѰһԭѾüĿӵлĳʼͻȻı⣬ܾ۸ԡ
ԭǱһ
СһԾпҲɴ˱ֶΰտŭ˵
ţȷʵɶ˵ֻּЦ˵
Сˣûе뾰㹫аġԣôտʾԵܾôˣһˣһλ֪ʲôӣܾͻһЩΪˡ
ǰҹʦΪ¡һסͭǣҪ鷳ʦһˡһڲģЦ˵
ԣֱȥͭǣ㲻ֱӶԱһְɣ£ЩסһһȻʲôһĹϵ˵Ӵ󡣡տЩĵ˵Ȼ뾰һˣֱӳɱ˱һǾͻһϵе⡣
Ȼ˵ԾڵʵҲþʲôʲôܹ鲻һõĴ취
ʦģûôçײֱӳ֣ҲͲʦͬȥˡһһ˵ӿǵͭǣҲʮʱɴЦ˵
ãտٶԣȻ˼ƻͲҪ˵ˡ
ʮ󣬾Ժտ˽ͭǡ
ͭǣǻеһУǽ֮ڡ
ͭڵλãǰҲһյأֻΣճ̶ȽϵͣǰѰߺͳʼȽ϶ࡣıﱻԴԴϵߺͳʼҹˣһЩʼߣｨһУڵͭǡ
һ𣬾ǳھסͭǵĸ߽ʵϣҲƿڱһС·չͭģΪ׳ۡ
Ժտͭǣܿҵͭ¥ͭ¥Ǳһ²ҵҪӪһЩݡʯԴ
ʦ飬ҪίˡԶտǸ˵
ʲôίģСһԣģҡտЦ˵
ҲãͦȤġ
տ»£ͭ¥Ծͭ¥һ¥ҪһЩˮʳĵʦտ´ͭ¥
տ½ͭ¥ȥ
λˣȥ¥ڶ㣬ʾͭ¥Ͽտ¥ݴ
̻ͭģǺܴһҲ㡣ԴĹ̨ڵһ͵ڶ㡣ֻǣϵڶ㣬Ҫӵͭ¥ϿѰûʸȥڶġͭ¥տºİȻտҪտ³ʾϿ
·ͭǣ˵ͭ¥кܶϡеԴۣԲصضһôûǵϿͲܹϡȱԴ𣿡տ𻺻˵
ǣֻǣͭ¥ڶ۵Դ󣬹Ҫ񾧡Ľš


1794 ϵ
ͭλõյȻܾ֮ǰҲκαˣΪеĴڣȻд߻е·е㶨Ӵ˵ء
տĹ·ˣͭǺܳҲʱߵͭ¥һЩԴտµĻ¥˿ûлɡ
ǵģû㹻񾧣տĻ
˼Ǹ¥ҪӵϿܵ϶㹺ƷƤЦⲻЦĵ
Щ·ͭǵߣͭ¥ں
ͭ¥ǿǸ߸ϵıһ˵Ĳҵ
ߣ㿴Щ񾧹ҵõ϶ʸ񣡡տֱͳһռָ
ʶ˹ȥһ̽ռָ
һ̽飬ıͱ˼ˡֻ˫ĿŹ⣬ࡣίʵǣöռָڵŵˡ
Ȼֻͭ¥ͨҲߡǣҲʶǱȽ϶ģҲû񾧣ɼˣҲָڵľżһö۵Ŀռָڣʮľż񾧣һһСɽ
ﻹУտ˵һеǮӡ
ǱǸçײˣĿ˼¡˵Ǹ˫ֽռָտ£ƺȻĿˡ
ܹµ˽ҪǳصĶտĿһת˵
ǣĿԵȡӦ
ܿģһɫӣһߵտǰ
Ŀˣλͭ¥ܻľտ¹˵
ľͭ¥֮һţ˵һ·¥㶪һռָڣмʮľż񾧣̾;һҲ𾳽ߣʵԼǿܴﵽһĲΡ
˵Ĺ·ߣһλŮԺ󣬾͸˷ˡ
տòѩȵġ棬ҲǼȺġͭطտŮ
λˣͭ¥ܻľ˵ҪһЩԴľ˵Цݡ
ǵģΪ˽ʡʱ䣬ֱȥ㿴ɣϣҲһˡտ¿˻ľһۣ䵭˵
ԣľ۾һ£տµͭ¥㡣
ĲãһࡣֻǣĹ̨Ϊݻöࡣ̨ڣڷųݡʯԴ׵ȡ
տµ˶㣬Ŀɨһ飬һ̨֮ǰ
տһָ˵ó
̨ڵߣտܻľһģȻκηϻ̾ͽտָһԴʯȡ
ʯڹ̨ϣŨĺ
λˣ㹺һ顭ܻľһԣҪܿʯ
ţ⺮ʯҪģտûȻľ˵꣬㿪˵
ʯ
ľ֣΢΢һ¡˵ģɲǺʯǺɳʯ
ʯͺɳʯֻһ֮ֵٱò˵ʯͺɳʯǷǳƵģϢһģһǶֿʯźоǷǳϴġʱһЩƵϢһЩʶð߻Եɺϵõĺʯȴʯɳʯʧ̫ˡ
տ³ƺɳʯΪʯľʶĽ˵ڵĺɳʯ˻ȥ
̨ڵߣ˿ܻľҲûж໰
ľܣ⺮ʯʲô۸۸ʣҾˡտºܹϵ˵
ǺǣʯޱԴľתת⽫ٷŵúʵȴ룬Ӧñһʲô۸
񾧺˵ľܣ˵һۣҲ˷ʱ䡣տ²ͷ˵
ľտ¡
Ӽտĵһۣľͱ޵ˣ̲סľܷܲչһ¡̶ʱӴ󣬻ľ֪ԼܲκεĻᡣùֵŮˣûۿԼ
ðɣȻˣǾݹĺˡɳʯ˵ɺʯģҲԼ
ʯһɲСҪҪʮż񾧡ľ΢΢˿һզļ۸
ʮż񾧰
һͨǿߣδһóʮż񾧡
ţܹļ۸ôҾʮż񾧣öʯˡտ˿ûּۻ۵˼ɴıʾҪʯͷ
տµĻľǺˡʮż񾧣˵һ޴̨֡ڵߣҲסҳ


1795 
ûκε飬տֱȡʮż񾧣鱻˵Ǻʯĺɳʯ
һ˳
ɣһĻľܣԽտͳͭ¥
տ뿪󣬻ľܵһʱǰ㣬һ䡣
¥ˣľŷڵ߹
ľˣͭ¥¥Ǳһţڱһ߷֮áʵͱȽǿǽӽεߡ
ľ£˻ľһʵ
ǵģšľ׬ȡʮż񾧵ľ¥һ顣
һͬСĺɳʯֵҲǧż񾧶ѡڣһ麮ɳʯȴʮż񾧵Ŀֲ۸
Ϊ¥ĺ޷ƵĶݡ£ͭ¥ĹģһҲڼż񾧶ѡ
ľĽ¥ĬƬ̡
ľ»᲻ʲô⣿óʮż񾧵ߣϲʯͺɳʯ𣿡΢Щǡ
¥ˣߵʵϸ̽ҲѰѡóʮ񾧣ҲǿߡǣǺǡͭ¥ǿǱһ˵Ĳҵ˵ˣԺ֪ԼǺɳʯǺʯٻ¥ֻҪϾǣľ˵
ң·ߣ֮ͭˡǣƺûʲôҪĵġľ˵һ䡣
˵ͷľ˵ĺе
һ²ҵ˭鷳·ͭǵˣ͸Ҫˡ
ţĲΪͭ¥׬һʿɹ۵񾧣¥һĽǧöż񾧰ɡЦԻľ˵
л¥ľæжµĵл
ǧöż񾧵ĽǺܲˡ

տһͭ¥Ծע⵽ˣտ´һѶϢտڵľ¥
տ½ɳʯóԹۿ龭Ҳһ飬һж˳
죬ȥͭ¥۾ɷ˵
տȥЩΪһͷȻͷҲ̫վסţȫںֻҪһɣǲиɻ֮ͭ¥ƭһ㣬ʵ
տº;ھ¥ڽ̸ʱͭ¥ڣһϢҲڲԱ֪˽һߣʮżһԴĺɳʯ
ǸŮ˽ʱҲˡû뵽Ȼô񾧣Ǹа
˭˵ǣҲģʯıȻ˴Ĵ⡣
˼Ҳںʮżأ
ںҿɲţǻˣҲȫں㼸ʮż񾧰ɣ
˵ǻľܴٳɵģ¥Ϊˣľǧöżء֮ư
¥ƺ£¥Ҳܿ˵ۡ
ȻҲǺں´ȥϸķκ˶ۣܽ´ȥ
ȥٻǻͭ¥һЩӰ졣
¥Ȼٶ˵Ҵ¥ڲԱ֪ͭ¥Ĵϰ壬Ǹ߸ϵıһˣ涼кܸߵλ
ڶ죬磡
Ժտˣ˾¥ֱбͭ¥ȥˣվھ¥һ졣
տ½ͭ¥̾˲ٵĿ⡣һЩտտµˣɫͱЩȻˡ
Ůˣôˣ
ѵѾ֪ԼĲǺʯǺɳʯ
֪ˣôڻǺֹܾܿˡ
ûտµ¥Ա΢̽Ҳ֪ƯŮˣ˽ʮż񾧡
λˣҪһЩʲôһ¥ԱǰĶտѯʵ
ȷ·Ůˣ컹Դأ
տɨǳԱһۣĿ̺ŭ
ľտûԱֱӾͺȵ
¥Ŀˣһӱע⼸ˣ¥֪ͣľܡ
˭
ôĵӰȻȻľܳ
֪ʲôЩԾŮˣµİɣƯϧµģֻк³Ǻǣ˭ͭ¥°˵ۡ

ľδ¥ڵ˹ԺտΧм䡣ЩȻʵ̫ǿҲϾǵְǰΧ¥ȫʵ̫¥ҲҪ
λʲô˼ĪǴ㣬ͭ¥²ɣһΪ׵տɭɭ


1796 թ
֮УŨŨвζ
ʷϸͭ¥µȻ٣ҲǾûСЩ³Ȼʬ޴档
£
ǿûȤ˷ʱ¡ֻҪһ˵һˣο˵Ĳտ𣬶Ǿԡ
Ա˫֣º͵˵
Ǻǣ֪Ҫʲô˵ǿ֪ʲôطҷȰλδ޷صĵزǾ뿪ΪáΪ׵žԡ
⼸Уһյտ²տµϵڶ֮ˡʱѾȷտΪζ˵ֳֻܱĬ
뿪
ȻҪ뿪ģֻǣûֻع֮ǰǲܾ뿪ˣ֮˽гɡǣԻӻ˵
ľ֪ҵÿտֺһ䡣
ٲǿɾҪˡʱ򣬲¥ֻǻڡԽӿ˵
󵨣
ҲۿʲôطҰģ
֪׷׺ȣۿҪֵļơ
˽֣һΪ˭ԭλˡһЦ洫ţľӰ֡
ˣǶ°ɣλˣ¥ĹͣأľЩһ֡
Ӧ󣬷׷ȥ
ܻľŻľ
ûҾǻľ֪ʲôˣľҲžԡ
ʲô˲ҪҪǣҵѣ¥һ麮ʯȴ˼ٻû뵽ͭ¥Ȼúɳʯð亮ʯʧЦ˵
ľƤЦⲻЦĿž˵˵ⷬҪġĪǣҪڮͭ¥𣿡
ʵľտµĽкʮż񾧹ɳʯŮߡʱ֪϶¶ˣԷѾ֪ԼǺɳʯǺʯ
鷢չһͭ¥ֻһѡǾǲϡܶԷ˵ʲôͭ¥Բܳúɳʯð亮ʯֻҧնԷߵľǺʯʵ򣬲Ҫù¥ܵǣ
ͭ¥úɳʯð亮ʯǳ˴ȥԺ˭ͭ¥
ô˵ǲˣЦ
ʲôλȷʵͭ¥ʯˣԽӴģʮż񾧣һ麮ʯ˵ʲôɳʯȫ֪ʲôߺʯ󣬱ʲô˵Ҳδ֪ľ˵
ãܺãôֻͭ¥ˡ΢΢һ𣬼ȶ
Ӧϵ֮󣬻ľɫ˲ò԰סڳˣԼտ֮⣬ȫһһɺ
ǿ
̫ˣĪǣǻ𲻳ɣ
ᡭ
ϵʵ̫ǿˡһ֮£ǾͺƴǰһСĵˣҲ֪ԾԲǺǵģܿһλεĿ´ڡ
ͭطȻǺܶ࣬ҲһЩġЩ𣬶ǴҪȥĴ
Ѿߵ¥ݵ¥Ҳܵ˾ԵͬĿ¶֮ɫھԺտµ󲻾ã¥ȥϢ
λϢŭһԾ˵һ㣬æ˵
ǽӽߣܵԵ󣬾ȷһλ
ͭ¥¥
λˣл˵л˵֪ŭǽ̬΢ŵһЩϾǰǿߡ
ҪϷˣҿɲ㲻֪ô¡ˣȻ¥ô˵˵ν°ɣҰѳ˵ǰ棬㲻ܸһĽұزͭ¥ԱӺ˵
תĿһԵĻľľ⣬æװģĽһ顣
¥ˣλ˵Ǻʯľһί˵
λˣʲôڡţȻβͭ¥ȷʵôʧҿͭ¥óʮöż񾧳ϴֲ˵ĲʧһתԾ˵
޳⣡
ˣǷϻóһǧż񾧳¾ˡҾͲ¥Ҫٶ˵һ֣˵
仰Ҳ
һǧż񾧣ǻʼɣ¾ͿǶԷ˹߻ģĿľǶթͭ¥


1797 Ϊ촷
˵һǧż񾧣ǽʮżȫ˻ܣ
Ե⣬³ȥͭ¥Ĵϰ壬ǿǸ߽һˡ
֮ʮöż񾧣ҪϢˣ˵ͭ¥˾ԡʮöż񾧣һӸԣϾԺôǻεǿߡ
ڿⷽвͨԷܡȻĲУǾֻӲġ
µθڣδҲ̫ˡǺǣθڴԭҲ⣬թͭ¥ͷϣȡˡЦݣǱ䡣
𣿡۾
һҶթĶòԷı򣬿ôĶ֪һѣΪԼ޵ˣڰдѶ֧Ԯ
Դʱͭ¥ڲ޷ɱһλġⲻǴ⣬Ѷ󣬺ܿǿ߹Ϲ۵Ķ˳ֳ
Ա֣ҡҡͷ˿ʦտ¡
ʦȳȥɣʡ̮ĳȹԶտ˵
ҲãտĿ¥
ˣûֹտ¡¥ҲӲͭǣǱһƿصĳС
ˣˣǷǹթ¥ⶼ˵˾Ƕթͭ¥նɱԼ
ԺȻֱۣϣ΢һ𶯡
䣡
񱩵ϯµܣ˲Ϣ串ͭ¥⡣
˲䣬һ¥㻯Ϊ˷۳¥ķ󷨣·ͬ裬ھǰЩɲǼ䶼ûܵס
ͭ¥λãͭĵضΣͻȻ䣬ڽֵϵ飬ͷͭ¥һʧˣͺǱʲôƾĨһ㡣
Щ飬۾ŴͣΪԼ˻߳˻þͭ¥ôͻȻʧˡ
۳䶨Ե˵Ӱֳ
Խͭ¥ΪƽأδɱˡͻľЩˣʱҲûҪǵСֻǣʱĺͻľһɿµѹƵùٵϣǵѪɫӿĿǾ
ǽȫ߶Ȼ޷վһָܵĽֲ֮˼㡣
ˣҲɵ㶵վԭأ·һûӦ׷ʲô
Ƭ̺ǲʶǸĲͭ¥
¥ԭһЩˣʱĺˣ֪ɫ۵飬ż侪˵ʵǣɲ뱻
¥ڲĹԱкܶߣȴֲߡʱˣ˵ͻᱻ㡣ٺ£Ҳ¥ĴϰǱһˡЩվԶžԣǲǰ˭¥ڵϡ
¥ȻԸġ
㡭ˡ֪֪Լʲô¥Ǳһ˵Ĳҵ군ˡ㳹군ˣ˭ҲȲ㣡Ъ˹ŭȡ
ʧͭ¥ΪģܽѾΧ˺ܶ顣Щ飬˽žʲô顣Уʶľ˵ģ֪˵ݡͻľڵϣǵȻףͭ¥ʧ˸ɵġˣƺɫ۵ӡ
ϷʵĿź
һһ϶˲𣿡ԻȻ˵
ĺ仰һӾͺǱʲôҭסһ㣬һ˹ӿžԡ
һʲôˣȻ֪һˣΪθô
ѵĲ±һˣ˵޿֣ĪǣһҲǸ߽𣿿ôܣ

ಣ
һ⣬ٽӽͭ¥λãһɫ۵ĻǶ𾳽磬ֽзܭҲǻĳʼ顣ܭǸͭǵˣеĳ
ţǰдѶȡ
ܭڽӵѶ󣬶Ժﲢû̫ϡ
˶թͭ¥ҾͺǺˣͭǣǱһĵ̣˭Լȥͭ¥թأȻˣҲȥһʲô
ӽͭ¥
ף¥أܭһȺ˾ۼǸһתĿȴûͭ¥
ô£
ܼǴͭ¥ģôûˣܭֿ˿ܵĻȷͭ¥ԭ
ʲôôڵϣܭ˺
˭վںǰԾӦòǱһߵˡ⡭ͭ¥ᱻٵ˰ɣ˭ܭʼϸԡ
ԸӦ˷ܭĿ⣬΢ŤͷҲܭ
ܭĿ⣬͵һɫҲǴ䡣


1798 
˲䣬ܭֱԼ궼ˣһƬհס
ָ̾תӴܶȥ˿Ҷ
ܭϳ˾ԣףһЩӰмȻ֮ǰδԱˣ֪ԼϴǸˣ龰ԣһ߽йϿһնɱǿߡ
һǶϾԣһˡȻûκԥ̾תߡ
ԿܭתӴܶȥδ׷ԲʶܭҲܲµܭӦڱһýܭȻˣܭһͷײԾԶ֣ǾҲ
찡ɷǣôܵͭˣѵǡܭû׷Լ΢һЩٶȣſʼ˼⡣
ȻԺܿΪһǼ²ͭǡˣǱһοɾ鷳ˡ
ʱ޷վĺͻľˣʵҲ˷ܭԭΪǾҪþˣܭǰɱİ𻹲ֵ
Ǿ͵ŷܭˡ
ǣһģˡ
ܭȺΧʱ򣬾ͻȻס壬ɫתܡ
ܭΪߣ
Уʲô
ܵͭ¥¥Ȼɵӣ΢һת뵽еĹؼܭȻȴͻȻ뿪ǱȻɫ۵İйءֻһֽͣܭϳİΪηˣŻһ仰˵뿪
ôİ𣬾˭Ȼ÷ܭͷܣƬ̶ҶһѵǸ߽
УĿʼЩˡ
ͭǣһסĸۡ
һʱ뼸ơĺѣһЩȽǿĻһͬǸ߽
һɫЩ΢죬ɫһ˷ܡ
ҾȹëܲҵģۻԣͱȻܳۡǺǣǾҪΣһ֮䣬·лӳⷽٵš
Ǿԣһ½˰ˡ
ǣ˵СľӶߣΪԼһˡ
ʲôƨһԱ͵óԱõ±Ӱɣһ𣬶ԾǼ͡
ǾԵʵȷʵֲصǣ˵ڴСϢûп֮ô˵ʵ棬ҵˡɫ˵
оɱ˽صȻˣʵȷʵǿ֪ë費۸ҺΣѵͭɱңһ۾˵
һԼǣСſҲƲͭ¡һ֣ǿľ׽ˡһ˵
ľҲľ𡢽εĸ߽𡣱һ˵ľ׽ˣʵľСܰˡȻˣϾҲǸ߽ľҲֱӷԸȥʲô顣
Ⱦƣ
һΣǼһҪһˣòײžһ𡣡˲Ͼٱ
ˡˡ
ͻȻٵĽк
ţһۡĴܼұ㼱Ҵҳ˽ϴŽ֮ɫ
ô£֪ڻ𣿾ôððʧʧɺͳһɫһŭܼҡ
ܼôñһǰӡ
ˣͭ¥Ǳ߳ˡܼҼһŭҲµúܣӲͷƤ㱨˵
ͭ¥ˡ
¥ΪƽأϢѾͭǶ֪ˡܼҵõϢ󣬻ŵȷһ£һȷϣҲǱݺһѰͭ¥µ˶ûУһֱ֣ӽͭ¥ˡ
Ĵ£Ȼκε飬˲ñһֱͣӳ˽
ʲô£ôѵ˸ͭ¥²ɣһʵ
˭ͭ¥£Ǻǣǲ𣿡
ǣֻӽˮˣŻ¡һĺѣ׷Ц˵
ˣͭ¥ûˡ¥Ϊ촷ˡ¥˲ˡܼǿɬ
ɲǼ򵥵£Ǽ£ܼҹȥҲˡ¥ΪҽͲܴ˵ġ
˵ʲôһܼҵĻһûӦգ֮󣬲͵վһŭȡ
ļѣɫҲ΢΢һ䡣ͭ¥Ϊ촷ۣ˭飿
ܼҲ˵վ
ҵҪĸ۵Ļ˶һͭ¥ŪҾͲǱһһŭ


1799 
ҪȥǸҲͭ¥쵰ƤƤ
һúܶ
ͭǣĳСƿصĳ˽˲ҵͭ¥Ȼ˸ǿвˣǶôĳ裿
ң黹ǷڼԶԼȾ̸֮ʱ
ŭڱһؿȼա
˵䣬һҪȥͭ¥
һ֣Ҳȥ
ţҶЩ棬ĸԼˣ̫ͷ϶˶ȥҲĵúܣҲ
һ𣡡ʱһ⼱ٴ뱫һĸۡڱһǰ
˲Ǳˣͭǵĳܭ
ܭ뿪ͭ¥󣬾ֱһۡûеʱ䡣
ܭһܭɫûúÿǱøɭ
ܭǰԱһеĳ˵һ÷ܭͭǴȥܭ϶Ǹ㲻һġһڸ߽ǰȷʵһСˡ
һջ
ܭʱȻȥͭ¥Լĸۡ쵰ֱҪã
ܭҲһԼĲ
æ˵һҸմͭ¥Ǳ߹ͭ¥ѾΪƽء˶šǾԣƺûɱˡ
һܭ˵Ǵͭ¥Ǳ߹ģʱߡȻѾȥͭ¥Ϊβ鴦׵ܭ˵һ仰֮󣬱һŭһӾƽͺһѣ˲䱻һӵˮûκε
˵ʲôһʶʡ
ʵúܭᵽ˾ԡǣЩš
һǾԴʱͭ¥¥ҲԲġһɾͭǣĿģԲҵ飬Ͼ͹һ㡣⾰ԣǿܭٺܿ죬󻹷ŭ˾һ䡣
һȴĬˡ
ļλѣһһɫúѿղһ̸ۻӳⷽ٣֮м;ԣ·ǿƨǡǣǻûǸվھǰ˵Щǲˡ
ʲôˣ
ǿɱĴڡȻ˵ʱоæŮҲڳԵʵԺǿ󡣷ôûھﵽ֮ǰ͸ɵԣ
ôܣ
ʲô
ѵΪҲëۻͭʦɶôͲľͶľ𣿡һ벻ͨ
ȷʵ벻ͨ˵ʵһĲ¾ԡ֮ǰӾԹ϶ԲΪºԵı£ΪԼһԼڻԶԱ˵ǿԶ¡
˵ԵͭǣЩˡ
ԣ̫˰ɣĶԱһӰɾ̫ˡϾûʲôɰɫü˵
һ֣ҾлһЩ֮ǾĲܲ˾鷳ģΪβֱĸۡȥͭ¥أһ˵
԰ֱɱңӦҵĸۡŶԡһȻѡ
ǵȥܲûκɣͺҳְɣˣҿɲӦκβκһ˵
λͬȥ𣿡һ۰Ͱ͵Ŀǰ⼸ˡ
⼸ˣĬĬĶһۡ˵ʵǱĲȥ͡ԷľԣǵǺȥո֡ԷǾ԰
ǣȥĻҲƺ׵ǱϾǱһĺѣŤͷߣҲ̫˵ȥˣȥǵҲá
û취ֻӲͷƤӦ뱫һͬȥͭ¥˼ԡ
λֵܣǶõѡһϴϲɫ˵
мһȥҲ׳һЩ
ܭҲһȥһֶԷܭ˵
ǡǣܭзࡣ
һˣܿ͵ͭ¥ԶԶľܿԭͭ¥ռݵĵطѾһƬ¥¥ڲԱ
һˣ
һֻǲŹ˰ɣͭ¥Ȼߵѵרŵűһ˵ģ
Χ۵ȺѾۼһƬȫӰ
Щ˿һ˹Ծóһ·ñһ߹ȥҲš
ȻǾԣһ΢΢Щҡ
һͬľȥݻ磬һۼԡʱľԣһϮɫۡ
һˣ˲ͭ¥һܷŹһ̳󺰿ߡ


1800 һ
һϲ
ͭǵָָۣζɲܡ
ڱһѾſޱȵļһӦʵ˰ɣ
һܭ˴Ⱥ˽һ۹ĺͻľɫӣתĿվľԡ
ԵҲڱһ˵תơ
ûȿڣűһ˵һҲȿڣû취ʲô˵ǻ粻ڶԾԶ֣ٸһһӣҲԾԶ֣߻м֣Ҳûκΰѹסԡ
ͭ¥Ҳҵ֪ôʲô˼һװһŭı飬ָԣһֵֹֹĸо
԰۾˵ͭ¥ǱһСӵĲҵ
仰һ˵ȫʱΪ֮һ
ˣȻƱһΪСӡδҲ̫˰ɣһˣǿǻʵĸ߽ڻڣ˭ҽбһСӣ
ԵСԶΧ۵Ĵͭ߼
ЩԭΪһԹ϶Ǹֲͭ¥ļһ֣һƽ˭뵽һ֮󣬾Ȼûκζֵ˼ʵƺûʲô
Ǹɫ۵ļһ˵͸ˡ
ֳ׶ĶԻ˭ģ鴫ȥ˼ֻ᲻мһˣЦ
˸ŵǣڱԳΪС֮󣬱һɫȻѿȴδз쭵ļ
Ȼĺ˹ʹˣŴͣ춼ûк£
ôʲô
вõԤУǿˡżܭߵʱ򣬺ͻľ;þԿܺܲ򵥣߷ܭģҲɣڱһǰҲʲô
ڣһȻһСӣ
ͻľٳվˡǾãԼʵʵȽϺáȷԼСܻڣò˵ˣͭ¥ǿڣ˿±һ˼ŪԼǾֵ̧̧顣
ͭ¥ҵĲҵͭ¥øһ˵ɣһ˵
˵һҲͭ¥Ҫʲô˵ãͭ¥ٻøһ˵
Χ۵ȺٴȻ
˼ҵ¥ȻҪ˼ҸһǶթ𣿶ңթĶ󣬻Ǳһ
ԣ㲻Ҫ̫ˣ㣬ұһɲ㡣ұһҲӣһŲӺ·ɤţܸ
֣ǺǣУ㻹һӡһЦȻһ
䣡ӾԵϣһǿܲɨ
ɵͼԵ֡
֮䣬һɫ·֣ٻۣγһɫľ޴ͼɫͼڿռ΢΢һ𣬱͵űһѹ˹ȥ
һһҲû뵽ԾȻĸ޹˼ɵĳ֡оɵͼݶĿܺɫ˲԰סĴ߶ȫҪֵɵͼ
һļѣҲǷ׷״߶ǻû뾰Զɱ˼ȻվڱһߣﱫһֵԵĹǿԵġ
ֻǣɵͼܣǼ־ֵܵġڼУֻ߽𣬶˶Ǹ߽ʵȽϲġ߽ҲԶǸεĸ߽סɵͼܣ˵һ⼸ˡɵͼУԻӰܡ˵ĻֱӾúɵͼһǿߡ
ۣһĵֵֽһ㣬ɵͼɵľͻ
ɵͼڻһ˵ֵٴѹȥ
һŵòҽΪԼҪˡ
ֲܣϷصѹ޷⡣
žણһ˫ϥ΢΢һ䣬ˣҲ˵ϡ
ɵͼڱһ֮ûмѹڱһͷϷһǼһҲɫҰǰɵͼԵǱһǵѹСܶࡣֻǣоɵͼϵܣֻԼʱ
֮ıһͷɫĺɵûмԼ˼΢ɳһ
ڵıһȫ˾Եʵжôֲһ֣ŪһֲĽɫͼԼ˺޻֮ʵǶľľǿߣֻҲס
ܵȺѾɵˡ


1801 ײı
Χ۵Щ˵һӶġ
ͨĻ𣬶и߲ʵĴڡڸ߽ǸңɼʵҲˣĸ߽ҲûٸǴʱ˿̣ȴһλ߽ѹùڵء
ǵ𺳣˵ġ
һʱǾ壬衣裬һĳһ˲䣬뾰ƴͷͷݼţʱѹùڵϣվѣ̸ֺ뾰ƴ
һҲͭ¥ȻҲҪͣһǴʡ˵ˡλʦտ£գͭ¥һ麮ʯֵʮż񾧡ǣͭ¥۸ʦȴһ麮ɳʯɳʯ뺮ʯĲ࣬´˶
ͭ¥һֵǧż񾧵ĺɳʯԴγãʮż񾧵ļ۸ʦʦҪһ˵ͭ¥¥ȴ˵Ƕթ˵ҾҪΪһ񾧶թǿЦ羪ףͭǶ
һ꾰ⷬ˿һѪ
ûͭ¥ĺʯʵһ麮ɳʯտ½ɳʯȡһɳʯƮ˰У˶ܿ
ʯ뺮ɳʯƣѰ߸ͷֱ治塣ǣһЩԿʯоߣֱܷġǶоߣҪ庮ɳʯʯҲ̫ѵ顣
ɳʯȡȺоһЩȽϸʦȷǺɳʯǺʯ
ӡ
𣬿տƾô֤⺮ɳʯǴͭ¥򵽵ģһĵĵ
ʵϣѾȷտȷʵʮż񾧴ͭ¥һ麮ɳʯֻǣǳϵĻʧȥеȨʱҪɱҪУֻ֮֮
㻹ǲİЦһ
ৣһӰ򣬴Ӿзɳ
޴Ӱ棬֮䡣ӰڵĻ棬¼տ¹򵽺ɳʯ̵̡ĶԻȫ¼
ļƻ̵Ȼ
Ӱ֤һ㲻ҲǲеġӰԺɳʯȫλɨ裬Զ϶ʱյĺɳʯտͭ¥νĺʯ
Χ۵УԭҲǳŻ̬ȡڣǵ뷨Ȼ˱仯
ңͭǳھסߣͭ¥ΪϤͭ¥ԴģǺȷͭ¥ĵڶУҲûкʯڷųۡʯǷǳԴһԴСĺʯֵ͸ߴʮż񾧣ͭ¥кʯۣҲڷųȻȷڷǳյĵط
ͭ¥˶ĵ鰡
ǣҲֲ˼Ҳ¥
ֵٱȷʵ˵ȥ

ȺУ
ҪЧҪռסǱһĶľľˣҲ˵ʲôԹȻ¶ľľ߽𣬵ҲԷ»Ͼǹ¼ҹˣп˻Ҫչˡ
һ㻹ʲô˵Цʡ
һĬԣӰĻ֪Լ˵ʲô޼¡һΣˣ
Ȼ޻˵Ҿͼ˵ˡΪ˲ʦտµʧóǧżΪ⳥㻹һ¸Լʲô顣԰۾ͳ˵
ǧż񾧵⳥һ˫һڣʹȥ
һóǧż񾧣Ƕ߽˵Ҳúܡǻ£ùԼԴҲǲԴġʼԶҪѵö࣬ĵԴȻࡣ
һҪôӦҵҪôھͳɱ㡣һ˵
һӦȷʵᶯֻɱһ
ͬ⣡һܿ͵ͷˣܵ˾Եĺ⣬ףԼܾôһ˲ͻᶯ֡
ȻãҲȲСҪûˣҪٶԴã˵ˣԴûˣȥ׬ȱסҪ
ܺãһҲǽˡȻ㽲ҺʦҲͲˡ㣬ɣֱһӣǽɫĺɵͼɢѹڱһϵĿٿȥ
һɫ԰׵վ
һ֣û°ɣһļѣ׷׹ĵʵ
һڰ֣ȴǣԺ͵øë贫Ѷ佫ԡһɵӣ¼ʵԣǾһֲ߻ġ


1802 ͷ
£̫࣬©̫ԡ
Եʦտ£ҪʯҲҪר̵ͭɣͭǾ뿪ȻǳңԶ߽ȫ·ҽܹʹõĴҲúķѳʮʱ䡣
ԾԵ㵽ʯ£Ͼкʯ١
ԴʦͭǣԣΪ˱ͭ¥¼ʵһӣһ׾ӵĽڡ
һ֪һ㣬ȴҲ޿κΡУȭͷʸʵ㣬þǹԹԱ죬ԼôĶ֪
ͷѪһòײֳǧż񾧣ļѶһ顣ڽܳһʱҪǵι黹ЩԼ񾧡Ȼвﶼǲġ
һ⣬ҪгţܳáһΣ˵ġһΣܾͲôˡֶκһЩģֱӾҪСĳĶԱһ˵
˼ǧż񾧣Ҫ˵һ
һֻűӵͷʾԼԦ޷Ժһٳ¡ʵϣʱıһЩӪͭ¥ˣһεĴķǳ޴
ͭǷ鴫棬Щʼ鰵ЦԼԺһҲûˡ
ʦ߰ɣԶտ˵
áտµͷ
뿪ͭǣƮȻȥ
̫̫ˣһ֣ʲô㣿޷⾰Ծ˵ĿһѶŭ⡣
һһѣб
һˡͻľ߹
һȻкɫˡ
ȻһҲ֪´ͷβǾԲ߻ģҲֲúˣʱͲ˹ֱӳֽɱˡ
˲Ҷͣæ뿪
ЩΧ۵ߣҲȥǶ֪ڱһ϶ۣǿΣյġô˵һǻպյĸ߽ҪɱǣҲȥһƬ
λǱǸû뵽ǹ۾ۣȴ⡣һԼ˵
ûµġһ֣Ƕ⡣
ǰʵҲҪ룬ǾֲʲôһصǶСǰԿҲ㶪ˡ˷׷Ȱοһ˵
һʵûȥгֱӾ˵λҾͲˡ´лᣬپ۰ɣ
˼һˣҲͲ˵ˣ׷ɺ뿪ͭǡ
һصԼĸۡɫˡֱʹѶ֮ǰ
ľˣһѶĶǸ߽ľľŮﶼƽƽĸ߽
һôҴѶʲô飿ľӦ
һԵͭǵΪľһ顣ľöû˵
ͭ¼ոշϢûڱһѶ֮ǰľ֪
˺ðΣٴδѶ˵Ǿԣȷʵ̫ˡʱֻˡңҲ޷ΪͷȻΪ֮Ȼռ˵ͭ¥Ժɳʯ亮ʯʵ
ľȻûΪһͷĴ㡣
Ҳû취ͷѵȥҾˣܴùԣȻû⡣Ҳǲԡؼǣʵκβþԡο߻иֲľţֻȡˡ
ڣһҲʧһЩԴڡƿ˰ɣ
ľô˵һȻŭҲ޼ƿʩľΪͷǾ͸ûΪͷˡ
ľĶԻ󣬱һִѶëëǧ
Ϊʲôͭ鷳Ϊë轫۸ԣ
һ»ûнǾɲǧż񾧣ҪԼǼ´ãǼû˵һ֪ǹڻ
ʱıһЩˡƺãһα˭֪ʲôʱɳܲڡóǧż񾧣Ҫˣһʲô⣿

ǣӭǱһë衣
һȥǧë裬ëһǡȻﲻԣһҲˣԾͳ׵ͷŵ̬ɡ
˵ëˣûκ⣬ԤϡɱһȻҲˣЩˡһϼһƤҲȷʵͭǳ裬ھȻǡ
ԼëͱһˡڹϣûëԿóǧö׾ϲٶ񵤡


1803 
Ծǰãëͱһ¶Ҷ˵ʲô
Բ̰ˣԼ˵ߡ
˵ˣǧ׾һЩ񵤣ȡΪֵãĪĶ棬Ҳʣһˡ
ëͱһˣڿǶգһ뿪
ԣҲΪĪ¶׼ҪĪݵֻҪĶԶõó˵һЩĶ񵤵ȵȡУڻõģǻ֮
ڻؾڣװ˲ٻ֮ЩҲ˲٣Լõࡣ֮ʣ²١
׼˴󣬾ԿʼĪݵ
ĪݵأǾԺķѼ۷Īɢˡ峹ɢǾԾлҲ޷ĪݸġԵһڣҲûһ㡣
ԲƵΪӣָ壬Դĸһǿߣͼ򵥶ˡ
֮Уʱ䣬ԽĪݵܳĪ˫ĿɲǣԲųɳһϾҲûдྭ飬֪Լ᲻ʧܡ
ˣĪݿԣ㵣Ŀã
ǵԼѾˣ׽ġڣôֿ˾ԣ
ĪݣˡԿЦ
ˣҲѾ𣿡Īݿ˿ܣǺܿȷԼˡ
ԽĪݵŵĽһ顣֪ԾȻķôĴԼĪޱȵĸм
Īݣ鿴һû⡣˵
ĪԶС
һᣬĪˡ
壬ǰûʲôָ⣬Ҫؽ硣Īݵ磬ȫָƺǰȹ̡ʵȻһΡ
ǣлǳָı仯һĪϲı仯֣ԼƺˡʵϣﵽǸ߽
Ī֮ԸΪˣϣгһգԼܹ𣿶ڣԸƺʧˡҲ˵׽֮Уø
ĪݽԼı仯˾ԣҲϲõúܡ
ĪݣҴһзţ׼ܡ˵
㣬ڸԡǾԴӻ춴̳ġĪݣǻ춴ִħĪӦòΥ춴˼
ʵҲȷʵˡ
춴ԼħΪħ޷Сǿԣ춴϶ὫڸԼħ춴棬Ҳûħǲ̫ʵ涼û꣬ϡг̶ȣȺض߼ʮ
Īѧķ֣ԼȻǳ١ٶȣֻҪ㹻ԴʹãڰڣܽһɣγӰ硣һͽӵжʵ

ƣʱⳤӣ޷赲ļš
Ĺš
ʱҲ޲ꡣϵӰ硢֮ȵֶΡ
ԻԹֻصֻصŮգҪٴγԽֻصŮ赱Ȼܾǣȴ޷ٴνֻصĳʼ顢һû⡣
ǬھԵġĺɵͼֻþԽɵΡԣԵĺɵƻû̫ĽԼУ̫ˣķʱ;չҲǳ
֮ǸΪþзϣﵽĸ߶ȡ֮Ի˵ڶִﵽΪ֮
֮ҲĴ
棬ˡ֮⣬ǧ֮ҲһһĴʱ֮ȵȴһġ
֮һԵĻ֮ҲѾﵽҽӽɡһɣǾڷϴﵽ߽ĲΡ
һգڴЦУ߳
СѩǸԴѶͰѩˡ
˵õԴѶ뿪
ӰΪ⣬뿪˿ǣڡ
Ը磬ʲôС￴žʵ
ѩҲžԡ
ٺ١԰Цһء
ѩվﲻ㹥ҡıѩ֮Ѿӽɣñѩ֮ȫңԶ԰ѩ˵
ڵİѩҲѾкǿߡ
ѩžԷһ˵ԣȻǿ󣬵ҵıѩ֮ҲûȷҪȫ㣿


1804 ǿ
ѩյĺ֮ȻʱաһȴҲڶȴ
ѩĺ֮Ѿմﵽ̶ȣܿɲ潻֣ǰѩȻǾԶ֣ӻֶܻܰѩ
ǣھ˵ģվﲻɰѩɷӵĹҲ˵ֻ򲻻֡
ѩֻܹǡҶסȻ㿪Ĺ˵ҡЦ˵
ߣ˱ҡѩǸɴŮӡ
ʱҲٳɣһӣһռ¶ȣȻƺռ䶼ס
ֻɲǼ䣬Ծ͸оһǿ˷ѹȹſµĺ⣬·˼ܱס
Ӱ磡˳ƴ߶
Դ߶Ӱ磬ҪѩֻǼķ
䡭
һĳ֮ڻе壬ҲĻζһ¡ǣȴȻȵԭء
ţ¶ɫ
ѩıѩ֮ܣʵʵ˾Եϡǣȴûܵκ˺˵˺ۣ˶ûС
Ҳ˵԰ѩĹֱӾͿߵˡ
ǿһǶ֪ġǰȻǿȴҲûǿ׵ĳ̶ȡѩȻǸ߽𣬿Ҳʵǿĺ֮ƫ򹥻ĴֲεĹȻֱˡ
ϣԼҲֱӲѩĺ֮
ѩ˾ͬЩ㵡
ԣѵͻˣѩɫһʵ
ѩЩ뾰ԹϵܵˣԾԵĸֶΣؼ˽ġ֪֮ʼȣΪѧȷʵǼǿؼֻǣ֮⣬ѩ߶ܽɹ
ţҵӰ磬ǴﵽľǵͷˡԵͷ˵
춴һҲĸ硣涥طԳˡ
ڵľԣѾ߲ΡǿȣȺܶඥĳʼ鶼ǿˡǾҲȾһЩ
ԵѾ춴Ǹεĳʼӽ޷ȼ磬϶
ľӰ磬ǿվǲ֣Ҷ˲㡣ѩ˵
¾һЩ߽𣬶ԾҲûκвˡҲ˵
Ƚϲĸ߽𣬶ӦûʲôвˡľľǸεĸ߽𣬶вǺܴġֲɵɵվ㹥ڵʵҪɱǣ¡˵
ȷʵˡ
ȥڷ϶۷塣֮ͻ֮ǾֻҲǾԵĶ֡
Ը磬ҪҪдд裿΢΢һ˵
㣿ðҲ˼Ц˵
һڣ֮ǰͲǿĸ߽ˡ
ｻ֣ѩҲܿ˵˼Զս
Ժ;Ľ֣δ̫ʱ䣬Ҳһң˱㶼ͣ֡
̾һž˵Ը磬ϡңҲ벻Űٶʱ䣬ʵͳҡ
ŵд֮УûзֳʤǾԼѾˡ֪ԻպɵһµĹֶΣڷŵսУԴʼնûʹúɵͼ
ˣ޷ܾԡҲ˵ʹúɵͼôܵıȻ
ǰϡʱңҲ벻Լһ죬վ֮ۡЦЦ˵
һڣԵʵӦǿ˰ɣѩٴη˻˵
ţյϢӦû˱ȾԸǿˡֻһ档ͷ
ڻһᣬŻصǡ
ʱ䣬ڻ߰ɣգ뿪˿ǡ
һҪȥĵط཮ҲǾŴ硣ȷе˵ǵ硣Եӵ͵ʱ򣬾ڵ硣
׺ɣȥ绹ǵ磬ƺû̫ı仯ңڵ㣬ңΪպյĴ塣
ٶӵ͵粻оӵܷ硣˵ྰˣġܶ͵ľˣвҲӣϷܣþԽԽӴҲԽԽǿʢ
ҵо룬׳չУûκ谭


1805 ѩ
磬
ԭһ͵ҲͨԼ򡣵Է磬ֱӽ
񣬾ĴӪ
ǵ͵򣬿ǵõ֮һߣ
Իصû̵ҴӪȥФӢʦ֡
񹬡
ڵ񹬣ȵԳʱǿˡԵʦФӢҲѾεǿߡ
ԭФӢ츳Ⱳûʲôܴﵽġǣоȫ֧֣ԴȥӲФӢ硣ȻҲФӢ츳йأФӢǳͷβķϲٶԴȥҲǲΪġ
Ե񹬵ʱФӢ̫ϳ¡Щûʲô¼ФӢͷͷԣҪĵ飬ƺš
ŽԽԽ࣬Ҳ⡣
ФӢ̫ϳϺ˾ԻʱһɫӰϢĽ١
󣬾ûκηӦ
ֱۿɫӰФӢ˲Ŷʶ˽ˡ
һֶΪǿٵˣĽľ
ԣôˣФӢԣϲϲʡ
ʦ֣ҾͲܻԿЦ˵
ȻԻˡֻǣЩе⡣ФӢæ˵
֮ڵ̫ϳϺ˾һǾʶˣһ룬½ģǾİߡЩ½ģԾԿɶϤúܣǿܶûԱˣǾԵĵԵӰʱܼ
ФӢʦһᣬԸ뿪һ̤ǵһС
УǾҵĴӪнлԻ֮ǡ
Угʮ֮һˣǾӵܡ
峤ҲǾԵĵϵǾƵĺоľ峤Ҳǵ۾ε磬ͷĴ
ͻȻھǰʱɽŵòᡣ
棡̹ڵء
һ̧֣һ
Ц˵֮£չòĺܺá
Ե仰۾˲ˣ飬ʱޱȵļ¼䣬ûʲô飬ܱȵõ澰Եİ˷ܿĵġ
棬ͻȻһ׼ûС˵
Ҫʲô׼ҾǻԺͻ뿪԰ڰ˵
棬ھ֪ͨҪĳԱ˵
áٴΰ֡
ԸҪЩҪԱ棬һԻ֮ÿһߣ㶼ھԵļ֮¡ԶԾ˺ɫҲΪԻ֮ǵܺã˵
һУǾϲġ
ۻ棬һȺǽĳСߵȵȣܴﵽԻ֮ģûеģپԲ
ȻˣԻܹ֮ȻҲ뾰ֱӵĹϵҵļѵˡ
ĸ֣ҵ֮ӵܣǵϵӵܣǷ¼ҹ棬Ҳġ޹۸˵ͷϣô͵žҷıɡ˲ȥˣȴҲƽ۸
뾰峤һᣬԾ뿪ˡ
뿪֮ǰ辰ԴǶԾʽ
뿪򣬾ֵ硣
տڳھסڿǡԵʦʦǣ硣
֡ѵʦ֣ʦ׺쳿ھס硣
ԵЩʦãһֱṳ̂һΪ
ȷʵǷǳѡԾȻʮˡտֻ֮һ˿һ
ɽȣԼ˵׺쳿ʦʦ㡣
ǣ޲ꡣδԼСǵĵģǼᶨġ
˼ԣȻϲޱȣǵľȴǾܸıġȻǶɣ͵ԼǸǰСʦܣȻܡھǰ޷ԼĽšǰˣǿվ涥˵ġ
Դʱʱ䣬ѯһЩ˵ĽҲһԴ뿪
磬Բѩ硣
ȵһѩҲǵ硣һڶʮǰſٳĵ硣ѩˣǾѩԵŮ
ûѩĸ׸߷һﵽĲΡ߷;ˣͣ磬ûпһ
ѩ翪ʱ䲻ʦڲѾܶˡ


1806 Īа
߷ѩ;ƣǰһֱסտ𿪱ٵ硣
Ӿѩ𿪱Լĵһ˱һƾӶѩ硣
ڶѩ֮ڣв־ӵ档
Եĸ׺ĸףҲǰӵ͵絽硣ԵĸĸںܳһʱԸ⵽ҲȽɢвġ޾Դ֧֣еĽٶȻ
Ҳ߰ʮ꣬ǵľ磬ող̤Ρǵ̬ȣһֻҲֹˡԴˣҲĪκΣȻĸԸ⽫ʱϣǾҲֻǡ
ңεߣԪҲƾáʱ䣬ֻռƳԪһѡ
Ե˶ѩ磬һ˾һ˵Ц
ϯ󣬾Խ˶ߣ߷´档
Щ߷һʱȷʵࡣÿμ棬ҲǴҴææġһΣԴ߷һЩʱ䡣
ϣѾһ׶εļ¡ͷˣɵٽһԵ֮ͻ֮Ҫﵽɣٹ궼δܳɹֶ֮μһƿԾҲʱУúԼһʱ䣬ҲԼ
´λؾ취Ūһ㣬һơԶڻеĸ߷˵
ʱ䣬ҲˡԽ˵һ䡣
ؾ꿪һΡһοѾһʱˡؾʱȻǹ̶Կһƫƫ󡣿ܼꡢʮ꣬Ҳܼǧꡣǣ̫֮ڱȻῪ
ؾĽһͼʮҪ˻᲻˵л߷ﵱȻҲؾЩģԼ๫˵л
˭˵л
Ǻǣ˵Ҳں˵˵ˣҪˡ԰˵
ˣ˽ģ
Դ˽ˣǲڵġʷϣҲһЩ˿ƴ˽ҲȻѲҪôΪҪôΪˣΪǶȴſµִš
ԣͬҲ˽ġȻԼĵߣڹ֮ڣΪԼһЩ£ȥƹƵȡ
ţԼ๫о߷Ҳٶ˵ʲô
һʱԱסڶѩ磬Ҳ˴š

գޱ޼ʵĻɫų棬䡣

־֮£һεȴͻȻ֣ڵ죬֮һ֮𣬲
ˣ
֮һ޴Ӱг֣
һȫڣͷ˫ŵȫļµ

ڡڽˣĪа죬һţ﷢ĿЦ
۾Ĵܡ
棬ܺãǳãһ棬ʱ仹Īа죬ϲ档ûʲôѶȡ
Щ̲סˣҵÿ㣬һ֮ǰܵһ档Īа죬˫Ŀź⡣
ಡ
Ӱٿʧԭλãֻһ˿
￴һһ۾ϳǰƴɱͬھ
ͺӽǻƿصĽ
Ҳǳʼ飬ʵΡҲľһϵ
ͺӽڻƿ֮£ΪȶˣƢºͣȨҲȽϷŵ£ٹ򣬶͵ȥ¡
һգĿ
ͻȻ
ռ֮ڣһ˿𶯡
Ȼ˫Ŀüͷ΢΢һ塣
ô£
ƺǡ𶯣̽Ӧռ䡣
䣡ں̵ܶʱڣ𶯣һαһǿҡ
һ֮ʱѾȷͺӽ𶯣𶯡
ѵǽ֮лɱ
𶯵εġңҪôǸ߽Ҫôȫƴɱ
׷ʲôɶ˭ҽ֮⶯֣ȻƢĽ֮⶯ɱԲ
ۡ
ڻȥһ̽ʱ񷣬̮֮ˡ
񷣬һ޴Ķڡڵĳ֣˲˽ڵķ
ʲô
찡
Ǻʲôצӣ
ܣǺɫצˣ⵽ʲô
ͺӽκһطܿ¶ľ޶


1807 
һ򣬺֮
ǿ˵ЩСȺռݵĽ򣬶ӴޱȣġҪ˵һγʼƿصĽˡ
ӴĽȴκһܿϵľ޶
Ҳ˵ͺӽķѾˡ
飬ͬʱǺɫľצɫצϣĿֲѹе鶼ͷȫҴ
Ƕ֪ǵʲô
ʱڽ֮ڣצӵı𡣵ǿצӵǿֲµĴڡ
𣬵ȻҲ˴̽ĺɫצ
λҲǺݺݵһϳֺȻ֮ɫȷ澿ʲôһףܶԷʲôԲԼܿġѹоԼ·Ǵǰϡ
͵ӣҲٵ˻ǰѯʻ𾿾ʲô顣
̼ʹѶߣûлӦЩ⣬ֱ
ﲻʲô֮ڹͺӽǺɫצ㻩һ£𶯣ǧ֯ķ򣬶һ顣
ȣľȡ
ʹѶߣܿͼɹľѶȡ
ʱͺӽ񷣬ѴıŷĳңС飬˲ȥΪǿһЩҲܣڿ֧š

ˣǰ
һЪ˹źڽÿһطС򣬳׵ˡ
̮٣¶
ͷ˫ǣȫڡһ˫ɫͫڣǱɱ⡣
ɫûκͻȻſ죬֮һɿµ֡飬޷壬Ĵȥ
̶̵ʱ֮ڣʮ֮һͺӽ鱻ɡ
鱻ɣͺӽʣҲڿʧ
ޱȵĽǺɫƺѾϾǽ֮ǿ飬Ϣβסɫɫڣƺ¶Ϸʵɫ
ľ𣬾ңͨѶ֮󣬻󺰡
һߵľƺҲܵ˻
󣬳ʲôˣľʵ
ͺӽ򣬱ݻˣһҴδȫڣͼ޴ĺɫ
߹ˡ

סȫס
ľҡҪˣ˻ϡ
󣬵ô£ʲôɫ˵㣡ľҲ
ľľˣҼֲȥˡҡҽӰ񴫸㣡Ϣҡ
ţľһߣͿ˲Ӱ񡣶ǱߣϢͨѶҲжϡ
⡭ľ𴫵Ӱ֮˶סˡ
壬壡
ôᣡôܣ壬ôֳˣľૣɫЩ԰ס
ˣ壬ֳˣУҵľ顣һγ֣涼㱻Եڣֳˣľɳ
벻ԶϹŴʹ
ڻڣвϹŴʹЩϹŴʹ󣬷ֲڻΪʹҪľ˵ԴϹŴʹǳ״̬һ£ֻи߽ŻżʹϹŴʹ
Щ󷨣ϹʱڣЩǿĳʼ齨ġ
ͨϹŴʹľ𣬺ܿ͵˶ľéݸռ䡣
ľѣôͻȻˣûǰ˵Ӧľľ漴ʱûľѿɫ
ľˡ㿴ľһ֣ŸոĶľ˵ͬʱǹӰ˳
ľ𿴹֮ԭЦ⣬˲ʧ٣ȡ֮Ǿ
壡
棬ľľȲָ߽𣬶嶼̵ļ䡣֮ǰֹһƺҪ̳һУʲôʲôûʲôǲܳԵġ
ʲôʱ飿ľͳʡ
ڲ֮ǰҴѶͺӽ򱻹ȣҴһӰҡʱͺӽѾʧˡľص̾Ϣһ
飡һ涼𡣡ľľ˵ľѣ̴Ѷѣ¸ǡУҪȷλãԼǵֻһǻֹܿһǡ
ľûм˵˼ˡ


1808 ̫
һϢڻѸٴ
ٶȳ֣
ȻһϢĴݣڸ߽С֪ͨһϢáǰͨ𷢻ӲκáǣѲ˿˺
һֵʱ򣬻ڵ֪ͨϢľͺ١вͨҲһЩ쳣ʲô
ΪֵԵʣЩӵĸ߽Ҳ޷ˡ
£ϵÿһ顣ֹ涼㳲֮£ѣ
Щ߽ʵҲ뿪һ档뿪ǿЩϹŶʼһ½뿪
Ȼ޷뿪ͱ뱣סԼĻ档
Ȼˣ뿪Ҳ뱣ס档ǵˡѣ
ڼ̵ʱ֮ڣڵϹŴʹ󣬴󲿷ֶЩϹŴʹһЩǾʹã󲿷ֶܾûʹù
߽ͨϹŴ󷨴գȻÿһγԶ봫ͣҲһи·ǲ֪˶ٱ
ǰľľ˻ϵĸ߽С
һڣ߽ҲͼʮЩӸ߽ȫˣ֣Ҳܳʮһ棬ȷʵֻǳ棬ʱ˵ܶݡ߽𣬶ǳʼ顣浮ʮڡ꣬и߽ͻˡ
ľéݿռ䡣
λ
ٶȳֵϢӦö֪ˡײУҲҪҶ˵ֹһ棬ԣǰģûеڶѡ񡣡ľܣڳڶ߽˵
ľ˵ûûκεɽľֱӽӿ˵һ䡣
ľѣֵϢͶľȵõϢôǿ֪һӵнɫƤĸ߽𣬿ʵ
仰ڳĸ߽ɫһ
⣬Ǵĵ֮һ
Ŀǰ̽鵽ϢʱֻһûиҲǣɻ棬ĿǰΪֹѾĸ硣֮Ի𡣡ľӦ˵
ֻһǵǲһս˵ͷ
û粻˳١ܹŹ֣ɵԽ࣬ʵͻԽǿԣӦþһսһ߽˵
ʯԶ˵һûڣѾȷλá룬ʹϹŴʹϹȥնɱľɭȻ
ľԭһֱάִüĿ󣬿ڣҲ˲ôˡ
ľˣ֪ͨ𣿡һľʵ
һԴھг˴֮µ͵˺ܶࡣʱƣԾԵķŭҲԽԽ͡
ʵһۼġо֣ɱİվͻһЩһΪʵľܶҪǿ
ľľ˶һۡ
һ֣ǾܵĴѶÿһλ߽𡣵ǣǲδѶԷ棬Ҳǿˡ
ǶԾԣеִ
˭֣İĺܣɫƤ飬üʵ
̫ãʱûԻڷ飬ҲûȥעԲ֪һоԵĸ߽ˡ
һߣʵǿľЩŹ֣˵£ҺľѣûдѶ
ڳģ֪ľ뾰ìܵĸ߽𣬶ľľΪûдѶˡ
ߣˣǵ˼ӦҲǸ߽ɣô飬ҪѶŻǰ𣿡ɫƤûԣͶԾԲ˸ӡ
˼Ҳܼ򵥡
Ƕľ޴вڵĸ߽ÿһȥԿǾԣôôļӣľľ룿
£ֻҪ֪Ӧ̹Ŷԡ
ǣδ̫ˣ
һߣҲǰдЩˣһǵõϢ̾͹ģ
ӵĸ߽𣬷׷˵
ˣ̳
߰ɣľľѣѾ֪λã·ɣ˶վ
ãľľͬʱӦ


1809 Գ
ЩΪǾԹⲻԩˡ
ԣȷʵ֪ڻ档
һʱ䣬ڶѩû֪в֣϶վľ϶Ҳ᲻ľľ
ǹϵܷȫĴ¼
˵ľľȻһЩСС⣬Զﲻĳ̶ȡ
Ϊ߲ǳʼ飬õĸ߽𲢲ࡣЩʼ飬Ǳʶ֮оͶЩִصٵĴҲˣ׽ĸ߽ͬࡣȻҪɱԣϵҲǺܺá
뾰׽ģҲŮܽޡȼ
Ůǵõ˶ľĴѶ˵ҲǾòУϾ͸ԴѶɾڶѩ磬߶ûд͵ĴѶߡŮ֪ͨڶѩ磬Ŷѩȥ
Ůδִﶬѩ磬ľˣѾͨϹŴʹĪаλɱȥ
ڶѩ磬ԼŮ;
ŮﲻһҾԣ˲ͬʱִﶬѩ硣
壿Դ˿Уһ˵ʡ
ţ壬һޱǿ󡣾ԣǱ̳ܵ顣ǳ׺ݣһСԽ࣬ʵԽǿŮͷ˵
ãھߣԵͷ
ԭ߷һЩʱ䣬ڿҲˡ
ԣ׼ȷʵѶԸ֪һΣһΣɱģص˵
ʲôǳԾС
ҵˣתĿߵĸ߷Ǹ˵
๫㲻ùҡֻǣԼһҪСġ߷Ŀžԡ
һСġŸ߷衣

ԣŮڻո·ʩչռޣϵһϹŴʹ󣬶͵ľ
˵ط󣬲֪ľѾ뿪ˣͣ׷ȥ
ʹϹŴʹΪͳԶľ룬´λһƫ㾰ռ޸·ȥȥҲķѲٵʱ䡣
ھ˸·ʱ򣬶ľһȺ߽Ѿ
ľ˵ִʱһɽĽ
Īа·ߺܼ򵥣Զľ˲׼ȷ١
Īа죬ȻԼһ棬һǿӡǣûиı·ߵ˼ȷе˵Ͳںһǿߡ
ʵϣϣһǿΧɱΪЩǿߣ̺ǿĪаǳҪɵġЩͨԼͨʵϵ͵ĳʼ飬Īа񫡣
ҪһǿЩ顣
Īа췢ֶľȸ߽󣬲ûκξţ෴ļ˷ܡܸоЩǿϢЩ飬ģϢΪġ
Īа죬ʱֹͣɽͣУ̰촽Ŷľ˽ӽ
Ƭ̺˫ʽ档
ľˣԶˣΡͷ΢΢һÿˣɫޱء
֪֮ǿ
Ǿľ𣬵ͳ˵
ţǳֲϢκһ˶Ķ֡ҪɱͱֲС
ԣֺɱô߽𣬾ǿҲܽĥ߽˵ֻǣǵУŽš
ǡˣĪа죬ǵѾˡӦһڣǿǲ˰ɣǶԵ֮һ棬ҲûʲôܵסĪаˣĪа쳹գöľ˶Ѫڡ
ɣСһǣĪа죬ԵǡǣΪĪаһ֣Īаĺɫצ͵һġ
һɿֲ׵ĲצΪģɢ֮һǷ򣬻ǾʣԲڡ
棬һ硣壬Ϊǵܼ򵥣ɣԵеһСԵԽ࣬ǵʵԽǿҲΪʲôĪаƫĽ硣
磬ʾۼĵطֻĵطʺ档գȻҲʣԺϡ١
ɱľһȣǰȥ
һɫĹâӶľϷ嫵Ϣ֮


1810 ľ֮
ɫ⣬գϮĪа졣
ֻǣһɫȻ糤ӱĪаı壬Ȼ΢С
Īа޴ޱȵ΢΢һɫֱۻӶɫʱĪаֱۣɫ֮ϡ
񱩵֮˷
ʵҪңⱰ΢ԶĪаɺŶľ𣬿пЦ˵
֣
ľѾ֣߽Ҳ֡ʮ߽ͬʱ߶ȫ֮УִϢ綼Ⱦʰ֮ɫ
ĹΣĪа޴ǡ滹ǿԿĪаӰ
һ֮УĪа壬Ҳϵĺˡ
ĪаȻǿޱȣԼʮֹ߽ҲЩڻУת˲ͱǧ
ǣľȴûΪĪа챻˳ȥеˡΪǴĪаϸӦϢûнͶ١Ҳ˵ֵĺûиĪа̫˺
ĪаϣҲֻһЩǳԵĺۼ
ƾǣҲĪа죡Īа˻쳹ա
ţԶˣӰ΢΢һƬգһ̣Īаʧٳֵʱ򣬱Ѿľ˲Զˡ
ǳóռ䴩ٶȼ졣żǿĸ
ãɱˣ
ֵ
壬ٶ̫ˡΧˣСģ
Ӽʮ߽н
Щ߽һȫܣһ߼ֹĪа졣ǣǵĹĪаȷʵ޷̫˺ĪаϵƣͲֵһᡣ
ÿ˵ͷһ㺮⡣ʱǵѾʣ޼һԳĪаǿǽ޲ߡ
ľ̾һ
ѵľ͵סǵסôһ棬ˡ
ңȻֻһ˭Ҳܱ֤ûص˵˭޷ȷûиｵһ档
ĪаͻȻһ
޴ĺɫצӣľ˹ȥľ壬ҪܿɫצӡͬʱʩչԼյĹⰵȥֵĪаɫצ
ãľѣ߿ľæľ
ľԵֵĪаĸֶΣɫצݻ١ǾצЯֲ̫ˡľϽļ߽ҲѸٳֳĪа졣ǣĪаͲǼ߽
Īа죬ǴһЩ߽ȫɵ̳ˡ
ľľʶĿľҲľ߿£ǣǺɫצϣкǿѾצ͵£ٶȷǳɫצԽܵӰԽ
ɶ񣡡ľŭһ
ܿʶԼѾ޷ܿĪаĺɫצ
ͣתԺɫצ
ľѣʲô

̫ǿ㵲סģܿ
߽ţȣľܡľҲڷĳ̣ľӽȥǣٶȻܿ죬Ǻɫצ졣
ƴˣľһȡ
䣡ȫ·ȼ
УľϣҫĿĹ⻪
һĻ߽סˡѾ֪ľҪʲô
µķ籩γɣĪа޴׺ݵĳȥ
Īаɺ˫Ŀһ̣ƺҲࡣԭһֱۣʱһֱҲľѹ˹ȥ
һ֮
Īа壬͵ȥԿ棬һ˺˲ٿӣɫѪҺ͸
΢ĶҲͬھĪак¡¡
ţſڣ͵һľλãһҫĿĹ⻪㱻һĪазȥ
ľȷʵĪаƴġԱķʽҪشĪа졣ĪаȷʵˣƿȻǺءңĪа컹˲
ľԱȵպĪаϢѸٵĿʼָϵ˿ڣѪҲֹס
ľ˿һĻͷصѹЩһʵ̫ǿˡľĴۣģȴһƤë˶ѡ


1811 ʱϵ
ľûʱΪľˡ
Īа죬ɲһľ㡣
λѣǲˣĪа죬ȵһǿǺʤ㡣ΨһϣǺص㣬Ҳ֪ľһڳÿһ߽Ժ֮С
ľ˵ûֹǸûлʤ
ԣֻܲȡ̬ͣټ£
ʵǿĸ߽𣬷׷׿˵
ҲҪ뿪̫ԶǹֻͬҪסĪаĹǾлᣡľڸ߽𣬶ۼ
ÿˣʩչԼĴϸַﶼ
һʱ䣬ڲλơ߽壬Щθ֮¡ľ˵ĴǣĪа칥ǡ
ŵ㼫ͻҲһ㡣ǣΪ̫޴ࡣһÿʱÿ̶Ҫļֹ͸졣
ľˣҪĪа㣬ԷֻҪǶܻţĪаɽ˻ָôĪаĵͺѼʱĻָ
⣬ȷʵǶԸһð취
Īа죬ľ˴ʱȡĲԣҲоЩˡ
Ҫô뿪Źһǿ飬ȻԸ⡣
Լ̰ƺΪһСʣǵʳǿ飬ζʱΪζԸðգǵԡ
ΪܵסңĪа
ƶŶľѹ˹
䣡Īа첻ϻӶֱۣľγɵķ㡣
ʮ߽ɵķ㣬ȻǿټЩʼ۵ķǵȷ̶ȣǿᡣ
ĪаÿһλӶɫֱۣƿʮľ϶Ĭǲϵ޸
ľڷĪаʱ򣬵ȻҲģǿʹõҩȱָĪа죬ʱڣɵޡ˥֮ǰƿľ˵ķƶͽ
ɶı΢
ǣסĪа죡ĪаŭţĹƵͼҡ
ĻϵıǿҹΡһ֣ϵķ۴ؽ
ľˣҧ֡ˣȫ
˵һ׵顣Ǳҧ֣һƣǵȴǵľ֮֡
ʱ䲻ϵţһսУ߽ǣЩסˡȻʹõҩȱָĪаĹ̫ͰԵܶʱǶûʱȫյҩȱ͵ûͶ뵽֮С
ľȼǿĸ߽𣬶ʼЩô
ľҿҪסˡУұָɫƤ߽ɫԶľ˵
ڵѾĹųɡٲͺΣˡ
ҲҪסˣ

Īа̫ǿˣĹ಻Ҫ˥Ҫܾá
߽ǣϢ˵
΢ֶܼãֿɣɣǵĹޣĪаЦ
ܸоǲĻԽԽ֪빥ЩķѾܽӽˡ
ৣ
ӰԶˣٷɽ
ڶľ˼ֲסʱ򣬾ԴžŮˡ
Կľ˾һ𣬵ֵǾ޴ɫӰʱҲ΢΢ɳһ
ãĻ㼰ʱ
ԵĿ⣬Īаϡ
֮⣬һʵһ
ľѣ𣿡
ŮȿڶԲĻ֮µĶľѯʡ
ľˣŮĻŷ־ˡȫֵĪа칥Ը֪ѹúءŮȿڣǶû־˵
ˣľĿжʱ¶ϲ֮ɫ
Ůѣ죡ȦľæŮﺰ
СģСĪа죬ʵǿľѾľѾˣСĪаĹ
ʲôľˣԣҲ΢΢һ
ľǿľʵĸ߽һڣȽ϶սˣû뵽ľȻ

һȺ΢ϣٶ࣬ҲѣĪаתɺ
ƺǾڣӦܼȥˣһûԵĸ߽𣬿ž˵


1812 Īаײ
Щ湲ͬĳʼ飬϶ʶھʵҲ֪
֣ٴοϣֻҪȦǹֵͬĪаĹǾܼȥ
ǵǿһָܼáǼֲסͻᱻĪаɡĪаֲסǾϣɱĪа졣
ŮٽȦ
ԣ棬ҲΣգһĪа칥ǣǺѵֵľ𣬵ûסĪаһ
죬ĪаѾע⵽ǳˣ
߽ǣе˵
Ů;ȴδ̽ȦǿߵľԡԽȦ˵ȻֻǴʱԣƺû̽ȦĴ㡣
Ե񣬽Īа졣
ĪаϵϢʷԸܵǿϢĪа죬Īаϲбɱ⣬һ޷󼰵ġһڣб׺ݵˣҲûĪаôǿɱ¾֮ġ
ھ˵ִĪаʱֹͣ˹ľɵķȦ
ȻޱӴ󣬾֪ԳԳԣһ㶼ɵ
ĪаڲϹľ˷ȦʱҲܴ󡣴ʱͻȻֳ飬⣬ֻҪֻһָܻٵ
Īаһˡ
ǻʲô
ȦһĪа콫ǹ·жϣ鷳ˣɫƤ߽ŭ
Ŀһתľˡ
һȦȷʵˣַɱ𣿡Եͳʵ
ǵȻҲɱĪа죬ǵвͨңȱ˽⣬һ㣬ǵʱʱ̶̿ҪֻҪסľ𿪿ڶԾ˵
ľôһ˵Ծˡ
ľѣ˾ľԣ˶ľгԵ֡
û߾𡣡ľ˵ͷ
Ǿԣ㻹ĥʲôѵ֪֪һɣָܻܶģǻ粻һ߽ȵ
ĿɨǸ߽һۣƲƲ
ǲͺúάַңǲҪܣҵȻģ˵

Īаʵ׺ѵ㻹һ˻ɱĪа첻ɣɫƤ߽ǳ
ȻǶ˵߾ʵǿӹǻǿߡʶģͻῴߡЩʼ鿴߶ġ
ߣһߣҲЩ߽
ԣôŮʵ
ȥһĽŮСһԿšԶŮ;˵
Ը磬Сġ﹥ֶαȽϹ졣˵
ףԵͷ
ಣӰһĪаȥ
ʵϣʱĪа뾰ѾԶɲǼ䣬Īаͷ˵һνӴ
ľ˿ԳĪа죬һҰ
СԼȴǵ汳
ɶһĪаɣ֮ǰľȫ׷ˡĪа㲻ȫָҲ϶ָܻ߰˰ˡŮ;ʲôǣȦҲĪаǸСӣֵˣ
̫ˣߣǰ˽Ļ쵰
߽𣬶ŭĿžԡ
ֻǣǿеáܿȫʧˡȡ֮ģ֮ɫ
ǿڻУһɫ۵ľԣֳһɫǽĪаˡ˵ľȻԶǡϾһ潫Īаˡ
ֱ޷ţ
ԵʵȻôǿ
սǸ߳ܶӰĪаһײȻ·磿
ߣһߣ˿ֲʵ

Ȼ׺һܣԵסǣȴĪаһ롣ֲֳϼǰĪа졣
˼ת֮䣬֮ĽӰٴֳ޴Ľ⣬һӡ֮Уɵ۵ĺɵͼŽɫ⡣
Īа죬ҲǴһû뵽۵СӣӵеԤϡԭΪǰһȺ飬һǿһȺˡǣǰСӣʵȴǳЩһΡ
Īаɺľ޴˫Ŀڵֱۣڻջ衣˫֮ϣһڹ


1813 նɱĪа
Īаĺɫֱۣ͵ɨ֮
㣡Ҫ㣡Īа񱩵˻
ֻҪܳ˾ԣʵ˵ٴͻơ
ңߣͿûĺڣԲϼݺݵնɱ
Ӱ磡
֮
ɱϣȵԶĶľ˶ܹо
ľѣ⾰ʵ֮ǿ춴ǸεĴڶˡɫƤ߽˵
桢ŮǸΣһʼĲΡ
šֻǣڰǰʵȻҲǿȴԶԶûǿֵزǶԸǣǿһԵסɣľ˵
ڰǰɱȸ߽Ǹʱ򣬾Իھǰ²ܳɹʱڵʵǻɱ˸ͲҪĶ
ҪҪæΧĪа죿
ҿˣȿҪȥҡĪаĹǺѵסСıɣǾǰﵹæ
ԣǵȾźšҪЭٳ֡ڿĪаҪɾ𣬿ɲף
߽ǣۡһ˫Ŀж˷ܵɡԭΪһκܻܿû뵽ת֮ǰԾ΢ʵĸ߽𣬴ʱҲǰ˵ʲôˡ
䣡֮Ľ⣬Īаɫֱ۽һ˳źɫֱۣײĪаϡ
һɫѪҺӿ˿ڲϳ֡
Īа죬˻޴Ҫѹԡ
һ߹һܡֱ̫ǿˣһþԵҲܵӰ졣ڵľӰܣþԵķܿס
ʱ仺š
ڣĪаϢʼ˼Ѿĵ̫ࡣһ㣬սͻ֮½
ʶһ㣬ĪаеҲɢࡣ֪ԼˡپȥսԽԽܻܿ
΢
ҼסˣĪа죬סˣһμ棬ڣĪа쳹ա
ܣһ
ĸӦĪаϢ½ľ˵ûĪа첻ܳ־սû¡ĪаϵƿƲ٣Щʵأս̫Ӱ졣ԣΨһĽ;ǣĪаĹֲ࣬˶ˡ
ԵȻĪаߣߣһοɾͺҵûˡ
óմĶܾԣǾԵˣǺȷλõġ֮ǰľôҵĪа죬ΪĪаûܵ˼ǵŶľҵ
һγ˴֪һڣвȻСĺܶࡣĴܣһ磬׳ʵһط̫ͣõʱ䡣
ৣĪаӰһ
ӴܣһƸֳҪʩչմˡ

֮籩һһܣĪаϡ
ܣĪаܵĲƾҶ
ɶ񣡡ĪаЩˣڵΣѾƿء
մ󣬾Ȼûܵһʱʩչɹմʩչ󣬱ӦʧġڣԭأԾԡ
Īа죬߲ȵ
ֱһӣһƬɫĻֶĪа졣
ǽŮģ뾰У⻹ǾԵһʹ챦
Īа֮ڣֻһɹ˺֮Լ·֮СŤӴҪѡ
Īа̫ǿˣҲ̫ʱ䡣ҪҲǳĪа죬ֻҪĪаʱ޷ʩչմߡ
Īа죬ԻӶϼ֮Ľⲻ£նĪаϡ
Īаļ࣬Ҳ֮½ʱԻ֮âķɲ֮ǰôɫˡ֮Ľâһڣƻ


ɶСӣҪ㣡ĪаоϢӽ
Īа죬ɴʱҲ;ƿݵĵز
ǽնɱȫޡ
ۣ
ڣĪаһʵ˾ԵĽ¡Īа챻նɱͬʱӴϣһɾ뵶ЩɫŨΪʵʡ
͵һĿб⡣һǵʵʰϷ


1814 
Уɫûκʶ˼άʱԽ俴һɴ
ԾżԸоԼ嶼΢΢
Щƺкܴĺôôû̫ԥȷûʶԺ谭պ̿Լ
ɫΪϸ뵽Ե֮ڡ
죡
ǺöȻֱҵǿȡоԼдϲ
Ե壬ѾкܳʱûκˡԵ壬˵ǱȽǿˡ̤𾳽֮󣬾Եǿͺ΢ˡǴһ𣬴Ӷ𣬾Ե궼û̫Ľ
ʵ籩ھԵļֶ֮УλѾˡԸ߽εǿߣ籩вͲǺܴҲ͵Ϯʱһá߽׼籩˵߽
Ҳþԣڶʹ籩
籩ƣףΪԵǿ̫ԶԶ޷ֶεٶȡ
ʱĪаǿԴȵǿȣþԲϲû뵽ɱȻȾ޴ĺô
Щ챦ԾԶҪöࡣ
ھĪаʱľȸ߽һҲžԡ
ĪаԾо޴Զľȸ߽ͬҲо޴Щˣһ˫ĿУٶ¶̰֮ɫв˼ġ
ֻǣǻûɥʧǡһһɱ㽫ǿޱȵĪаնɱʵɲܹԿġ˵͵ھԵĲԶһ˲ӽԣǵһҪԾĹ
ŮĪаҲЩ۲ûκͷҪᣬŮҲﹲֹͬ
Լյʱ䣬ԽĪаȫա
ʹ죡
ǺöԸӦһԼ壬֣ǿȣһɵӡ
ɲҪСһɵΪﵽΣǿҪǼѵġǻڵ챦ԾԵǿû̫ˡһɵǿþԵһΡ
֮֮ǶԺɵƣԵ򶼽ȫµı仯
ܶɱ壬һЩԾãԼܺܿڷ̤߽ΡҪĦµĵͼԼҲɵƵĵĲ㡣
촽Щδ
ŮԼԶĶľˣ۾
Īаǻǲܴ⡣ΪȻĿǰΪֹֻĪаһ壬޷ȷֻһ档ңֻһĪа죬Ժ˵᲻и档Կ˵
˵ûһĪа죬Ǳж༸ֵĻһ棬ʵ㹻ӦԡڿʼǱйעСľͷ˵
һҿ㡣򣬽˵ľֶԾԸл˵
ҲӦģҾԣȻݣͬһһӡ԰˵
߶ͣʵƥӦһЩɫƤ߽˵
ԿǽɫƤһۣЦʵƥ˵Ϊػһ棬ҶȻȫԸ
ǺǣĸҲûлرĪаƺܲءľΪػսȴû䵽κκôһ߽˿ԡ
ȻǶԾĪаЩˡ
ӶԷͳ˵λγƺ
ʸШʸШ
ʸШɱһǵ˵ġЦ˵
ʸШɫһڡ
λ
ĪаǾɱǿܸ͵סĪа죬֪ж˻˵ʵӦĴмǶԾĪа˵ʲôľߵĸ߽˵
ˣ𣬱Ǹ͵ʲôû˵ʸШԾԹ˹֣ǲ룬ٱԵǸˡ
Ҳü˵
СŮߣԶԾŮ˵
ãһͬӦ
΢΢һ֮ˣһռޣʧڶľǰ


1815 
ԴžŮ뿪
ľˣԭأΧĪаӴޱȵҪĪаʬϵõô
ֻǣעҪʧˡĪаʬ廹мֵıǾԿ϶ŹԣͲ鿴Īаʬ塣ĪаûʱôˣڵļӲ̶ȣ̫õĶ
ȻҲмֵֻǼֵ̫󣬲ø߽Ķ
ϣҲıһ߽𲻸ĵ˵
ǰʵ뵽ҲǾôܾô뿪һҡͷ˵
Ҹоǵ嶼кܴǿǿҲ͵ʵǿ󣬿лһ
ôˣʵҾãԵҲ޿ɺǡǣɱĪаָһ߽͹۵˵
Ҳ͡
õĪаȷʵҲָˡ
ǾʵǿǵܹӲġϧԵʵǺܶࡣ

ԣĪажŮʾԡ
ŮҲû˼Щ档оڵľԣƺĪа֮ǰһЩ仯
ܴҵǿȣһɡʵʵ˵
⻰Ů˿Ŀжų⻪
ԾԵǿȣȻһɣ
ϧʵ̫ǿǵǻϣиһ汻ɱŮЦ˵
Ҳÿһ󣬶뵡ҵɱû֡ҡͷ
ɱǸʱͬھġ֮ǰǿ龰ûз֡
Ҳ̫ˡڵǲϣи֡˵
˾ϹŴʹδͣص˿ǡ
صǺ󣬾Ժ;ûжձ뿪
ԾһϹŴʹ󣬵һƬա
û취ô·ˣֻܷйȥԾ˵
ţǾͷСԵͷ
ǴžǰС
Уһ֮ͨһЩǿĳʼ飬Ǵӻ뿪ġҲһΣһͬھ򣬾Ҳ뿪һˡ
һʱ䣬Ժ;ŽӽСˣͣ
ǰգſռϲ㣬۾Ŀռϲ㣬кɫƸ
һĿռϲ㣬˵ǶԸ߽𣬾𾳽ߣӦǣĿռϲ㣬ȴǳͨռϲٱǧ߽һСģ嶼ֱܱӽɱ촷ۡ
һĸ߽𣬸޷ǰĿռ䡣
Ը磬ǰЩռϲǺ֡˵ҪУҪͨһƬЩ֣Яǳ¡̵Ŀʯϣܲסֵ˺֮壬ɺ֡
ţѾоЩɫϵˡԵͷΪȻ
Ҫ벻κκ־ͨǲܵġҪģǾҵҲס̫ΡҵĻǿһֵʮû⡣￪Ц˵
ܿסҲһۣС߰ɣЦЦ˵
ӰռϲЩΪֵĺɫƣʱʱʧҺסԽޣ֪һС
κֺͨһ
˺󣬾ԲŶЩ˸֪Ժֵ˺֮һڣǶľŮǸεĳʼ飬ҲסֻоԼȾǿĳʼ飬ϣͨһ
һڣЩϹʱǿĳʼ飬ȻҲǶͨ˺еġ
ַͨһᣬɫһһӴʬ塣
Ưеľ޴ʬ塣
ѾֻɱһȻһ۾ϳǰʬ塣
ͬھģǸС￴Ǿʬ˵
ɱĪаҪСһЩĪаǿ壬ҿ϶޷ͬھС˵
ҲǴӻУһİɣתĿ
ţյϢȷʵˡ˻;֮壬Ӧ޷һ档Сͷ


1816 ˺
һ˵һߴʬԾ
ǡͻȻסˡ
ΪǰûУǿһƬͼͼʵɣ·Կ֮Сÿһƣܺ嫣临ӳ̶ȣǬصƺв
ȻȻ󣬶ΪõĴ
þԳԾǣʲôﲼһ󷨣ڻڣ
ԣ󷨣ôҵһʱ򣬲ûκ󷨴ڡСĿҲɻü˵
һУƴɱͬھһΣδκ󷨴ڡ
ϴʱﻹû󷨣ٴľ
Сϴʱﻹûб󷨣ôһ󷨣ӦþС֮űõġ
ǣʲô˲õһأ󷨵ĸӳ̶ȣ侪ˣھԿһϹʱǿЩʼ鲢óģҲòһ󷨣ڿȥ಻׵ĵطǬʥʦ
ȹȥ󷨣ƺɱ¾ġԳ˵
ãСͷ
ͼйȥԽǿͼԵ𺳾Խһ󷨣ֱɶ칤Ƿ켫ϣԼڲϵԶԶ粼óһ󷨵ˣӦһ붼硣
ڽӽĹУԵȷһ£ȷʵɱ¾Ȼܺ嫣ȴûʲôɱ⡣
ǻڣ˼طһɱҲȷʵûʲô塣ôˣҪʲô
⣡أСﻷܣ
Сȷԭ⸽ڣۿܵĿռ䣬δֻеڡ
˫üҲȻһ
У᲻֮ڣ뵽ֿܡ
ô˵СͷĿܣУԭ⸽ȴˡôܾܿͱ֮СԸ磬ҪҪƿ
ѡ󷨵ĸӳ̶ȣҶסƽ⣬Ҳҹ㣬ǵʵܼƿ󷨡ҡͷ˵
ô죿Сʶơ
Ҳ򵥣ֱӽȥ֪ˡ˵
ȥôУ˹Ź֣ȥΣô죿СﱻԵĻһ
ӦòʲôΣգǱסȥǾ͵ڰһˣҶԻе˽⡣С˵ȽȥûΣգٴѶ㡣ΣգҲ취ҡ
УҪȥһҿɲšСﵱ;ܾ˾һ˽ȥ顣
ҡҡͷ֪Сǲһ˽ȥġҲûٶ˵ΪȷйԣҲ̫ǿĪа죬ӦþǴģܹвԼĹǶĪаӦͬ˺Īаɽ
ৣԺСﶼԥˣ̾ͽ
ڣ˸ĸд̺ܣǵ𺳣ֱָ顣
ˣ
ھҪ鿴ʱһصͻȻ١ʶҪֵȴ׾ٵĴ͸ķСӹȥ
δԾԺСκεĹƺ̽龰ԺС
ȥ󣬾ԺСܿռͻȻŤţǰһ䡣Ƿ֣Լƺһӵķ֮С
ǰһ̻ڷ˼Ĵ֮ڣĪһӷ䡣
ԺСһۣĿжŨŨ𾪡
˵ԺСһʵǿˡڣܵģȴǵ֪ǶһصĴ󣬻ǶôͻȻӷ䣬ԺСﶼû̫˽⡣
ʱһӰǰһɫ۵ˣϴŵЦ⣬žԺС
̾ͿӰһγɣǱ塣
λǰǣԿʵ
ԼһͷˮһȷǰȻֻı壬һޱȿֲĴڡԲ³֮ǰһ󷨣ӦҲ߲óġӵֶεĴڣѰˡ
һǰ϶ġ
ңƺԼСﲢûж⡣
СǾǰγɵߡ
˺ߵ˵


1817 ﾳ
˺
֣Բһ𡣾֮Ҳ¶Ծɫ
֪һֶνкɵƣɵǴֻصѧֻصǺ͸Ůһ֪ɵƵܣܴɵƵĴڣжôǿҲ֮һǿǿ
ǰǺ棿ԻһǰŮ
Ǻǡһһ棬ǼһŮСѡѧ˺ɵƣӦýֻصɣֻص͸ŮСѵСžԣЦ˵
Ȼ뵽֮ǰڴ֮Уһ̽ԼСԼ˺ɵƣҲ̽鵽ˡ
ֻǡֻصֻС
զ࣡
ţҽֻصһΣ˺ɵơֻ츳㣬ȴֻܽɵյ㡣ź󣬻˵
ѧ˺ɵƣô棬ʦˣԵȻҪ
ѾܲˣֻֻصһΣֻܴܶʱ䣬ܽɵյ㣬ܿɹţʲô֣ʵ
оԣСʼ顣ԱԼ֣˳ܾ
Ҳ˿Сͷ
˼ȻҪھԵϡڶСͷ󣬱¿ԡ
֮ǰһͨнһ棬ôˣʵ
ǰ죬ɱһĪаһֻһôǰ˵ӦþɱġԻӦ
ĺܺãаɳ׳Ļôһնݻ١ᵽʱɫЩ
ǿ֪Ϊηֳǵ֮ǰӦÿҲõĴ˰ɣʵ
˾ǽ˴󣬲ű͵˵
һ󷨡Ҳ󷨵ĿģΪֹһ档ķϲ档̾Ϣ˵
ԣԺСȻףڻطΪγһˡǺ棬Ϊ˱һ棬ŷУ޷롣
ֻϧ顣µʴǳɶٴνһ档˵
һڳ֣˽ʮ꣬ٴγԭҪ鹦ں沼õķһ󣬿¡һ棬ѱаݻˡ
ɶͨнһ档
ˣҲü
ȻɱһĪа죬ֻ²١˵ĪаʵУҲ̫ǿĴڣƺܳ塣ɴ˿壬϶Ƿǳµġ
ҵı壬²뿪һ档ɶȴûлɡҵı壬Ҳ鷳˵
һ棬ôУȻҲ֪һ󷨲ԶЧԲõ󷨣Ҳ𽥳𡣲ֻҪһʱɣȻͲˡڿǳˡ
ĲҲ޷֪ʲô˼룬ǵµĲ֡뿪һʲôһ֪
ǰԺǽиһ棿ҲоһǰԶֻû޸˵
ȷʵû޸󷨡һϣЦ
Ŀǰֻпػһ档ԣػһ𣿡һ˵
Ϊ棬ȻԸ߾ȫԺԥ˵
˵ʲô壬ΪԼˡѣҲԲܿŻ汻ɵ
ãȻģϣԣҪףӦһܹȥΨһϣˡҲõķȻЧЧʱƣԽԽ͡Уͨнһ档Ҫģ֮ǰøΪǿ̤ﾳҲʸˡ
ﾳ
СҲһ˫Ŀϸš
ڵ֮ϣﾳһνĸ߽һִ֮Щ顣ͷ˵
һ棬һִǲ˵մֻи߽𣬲մ


1818 ѩҪ
ڷϣδﵽΡ
ﾳԶúܡ
ȻǺ棬صĶǾԵǱһڣԾ顣
ڻԪУоͷˡȻ϶ԣԪҲܵﾳǻ̫ãڶڣﾳָǵˣҲѾǧ档ԣҪﵽﾳҪ뿪һ档žԡ
һϹʱЩĳʼ飬֮뿪棬ΪǷ֣һڣ߳һ
Ԫظһ飬һ˵Ԫ
˼ڵ棬ɻԪġһӣȻһ棿
ԪǺ
ԪλԴ֮ءȷе˵Դ֮棬ǻԪɡģھͲ˵ˣ뿪һ棬Ȼͻ֪ˡ
СѣҵĻҪϸˡ
Դ֮أҽһ칬㽫Դ֮أǰ칬ԵõȻǺܾԺ飬ֻҪסҪ̫ࡣ
ҪĺɵơһطҺ칬ȫŲɵƣǼԴ֮أҲһϯ֮أ
׼𣿡ʡ
ˣʶӦ
һɫ˲ϢγɣӺǰԿʶȥ
֪ǺɵƵУûгȥֿȻͽЩɫ
ĺɵơ
ɵƣоŲ㣬Ŀǰֻǿɵƣʵ֪ǿʲô̶ȡ
ڽɵƴڸԺ󣬺壬û֮ǰôŨˡȻڸԺɵƣ˺ܶ
ԣҵĴУԺҺˡֵ
Ӽʦ𣡡ԵûκϰӦýкʦ
ãܺãһѾ޷ά֣ܿͽȫɢҲûиĻҪ㶣֮Ҫסػһ档ɫ
ӶȫԸն˵
ڣȣҲ˵ĻСȥǳһ档ָŷһ˵
˵仰󣬺壬ڻɢ
ʵϣ²һ棬ҲΪ˵Ⱦ֡
ֻص͸ŮһѾһƻΣɲΪ޸󷨣ǽطɵƣڸȴˡ
Ը磡СһЩʧľԡ
Իع˵СȻȥ
뿪棬ǱȻġԻҪһЩ׼ܲܲ뿪Ҳ߷ѩǵ
Ȼڷϣﵽ߽ҲǵΡ
Īа֮ǰҪﵽӦҪܳʱ䡣ڣ̤ʱ䣬̡һɣԾԲȵȶޱȾ޴
̤߽Ҳǵ뿪һ棬ΣʱҲһЩ
صǣԵһǼѩѩһʱ䣬ҲסڿǣûлŮ踮ۡ
ѩ˵Ҫ뿪һ棬ĿЩȻ
֪һߣҪò
ѩҲǹŮӣû˵ʲô֪Ա뿪档Ҫػһ棬ԾҪǿʵøǿʵ뿪һǱȻҪߵһڣǾԺѴﵽﾳĲΡ
ԣ֮ǰʲôҰɣѩ˵
΢΢һ㶡
ʲô
Դ
ԣԼϵԴ࣬ǰҲѩܶඥ񵤺һЩ׾ǣЩԴǺ⡣Լĺ壬ԸѩһȻӸ߷һһ壬ʹúܳʱ䡣
о׼þһһʱ䣬ԽɵƴССﾳвСľ룬۷壬뿪Ѱ̤ﾳĻԵ
ѩǺӣԸСȡһӣݸѩ
Ҫģѩȴҡͷ
ԣӵ͵ʶ磬һΪһǿߡЩ꣬ʱʱ̶̿ߡ㣬֪ҵ𣿡ѩ峺Ŀ⿴žԡ
Щɵۡ
֪˰ѩ˼
ʵҲϲѩӵ͵ʱϲֻЩ¹ȥһֱûн㴰ֽͱơ


1819 ٻس֮
һĻĻԺ
ڵ͵磬δ̤ʱɭѩʶǸʱ򣬰ѩǶǵĳǰѩ͸Եġ
Ϊ˸Ա𣬰ѩֻǰ޾Ԩһ
ѩŮ磬ΪͻͽδȴԣʦŮ̽ԵϢ
ڿǣѩ֪鷳޷ǰԣ˰ݻ졣
Щ壬Ǽ仰˵ġ
죬ѩҪ뿪һ֮ǰԼһЩʲô
Űѩ
ȻǰһѱѩȥѩϣһĨ̺측֡
֬
ѩ˳ۣ§žԵĲӣĽЩ΢΢Ӳ
ɫȹƮ䡣

ǰѩ磬߷һ˫Ůиĸ˵
ڶѩ磬߷Լѩ顣˵µʱ򣬾ҲЩ顣
߷ﲢûκߺŭһʼ֪Զ԰ѩ㺡Ҳ֪ѩԾԵĸ顣߷ãԼ˸һ˫Ů֮⣬Ϊ黹ѩΪࡣ
ԣ๫ѩ߳һ˿ûмʣΪˡ
뿪ѩ󣬾Կʼ룬ԼǲǻһЩû
Լ뿪һ棬һι֪ҪԺˡδ֮£뿪֮ǰȥá
ӵ͵絽飬һھԺйˡ
֮أһ뵽һ¡
ڳ֮ء
Իڵʱ֮ء֮أ֮ءԵвߣ֮أӳ֮سģȴëǡˣ񻹱
뿪֮֮ǰӦڳ֮صЩߣԼὫǴӳ֮شȥ
ʵϣ̤𾳽Ӧþܺɽ⿪֮صķˡֻǣ¸ˡ
ԲɶЩڳ֮صߣһЩǸ⡣ǰͿԽЩ߾ȳΪ£ȴЩߣڳ֮سꡣ
ȥǳˡԽһƶӰʧ֮С
֮أڣ
֮ؾŴ粻ԶԽ֮صߣ϶ߡЩߣ롣ٲ֣ǹ֮ͻƵĻԵġ
һ֮أôǳΪͽԶס
Щ޷ӳ֮سߣǾŶ񾳽磬ֻһ֮ңǲͻơ
ЩŶڲ£Ԫ඼ʮʱ䣬Ծ㾰ȥ꣬˵Ҳʲô¡
֮ڣ
ȵߣȻסһ֮ڡǵһɲġÿ˽룬ǶἤһΪ֮صˣһ㶼оˮ֮Ʒڳ֮أܻӭľǾˮơ
һ̳ƣܶһһͨ鱦
ڳ֮صߣʵģͻ໥д裬עƵƷ
磬һ˰̾˿˵
ǰ磬˽ˡǵ磬⼸ʮ궼û˽Ȫҡͷ˵
ϣһˣǵߣ
ûˣûưʱ䣬Щ쵰úܡǣǰʹأ
ߣһһߵš
Ҳֵ֪ôˣֵܴȥҲа˰ɣȺȻ˵
ƽʱżҲ˵ԡϾӳ֮سȥߺٺ١ףȥɾˡھ뿪֮غİʱûеڶܴȥ
Ѿڳ֮غܾúܾõģ½ļߣṳ̂ӳ֮سȥ
ֵ츳ߣʱ򣬾ͺˡڣӦøǿ˰ɣǲ²£ֵܻ᲻Ѿǿˣһ˵
ȻʱЩ̣ҲǲܡȪ˵
ֵ̤𾳽ͺˣһ˵
̤𾳽磬̸ףǾֵĿţֻҲסһҡҡͷ˵
ǺǣЩˣⱲӿ¶ֵˡ褿Ц˵
仰˼ǣⱲӣܶ޷̤ӳ֮뿪
ҿǻһ룬ôܴӵЩ쵰У㵽һЩưɣɫߵơ

ˣ
֮⣬һϮɫ۵ľԣ֮УĿǰ


1820 
֮̿ء
һʱԻֻ񾳽ߡһΣѰ档
֮£֮˿ء˵֡
һֱ̤Ӵϣ֮ء֮صֶΣھǰûСЩƣͬ衣
λϸɺãվڵĴ֮ǰЦ
С
ڵĳȵˣΧһδӵŪһЩƽԵԶһ¡
˭
˭棿
ߣȥ
ȵˣЩ죬һʱ벻˭ǣȻ뵽˵ǰǰӳ֮سȥľԡ
ȵȵߣ˴Ŀⶼվľϡ
ôλϸ綼ʶ𣿡ЦȤ˵
ԣ
ֵܣ
Ҳǳֻþ˰ɣֵܲǺͳ˳֮أô
ԣѵһֱû֮أ˷׷׿ڡ
ھ뿪֮غʱ߽֮صģֻˡ˿ûԣƽʱҲûٴӳȵ˿˵ԡϾԴӳ֮سȥˡ
ҶΧм䡣
ڣߣҲܿ춼˶׷׳ʲô顣
ǳȥˣֻˡѵǣ뿪ʱ˵ĻʱһǶȥ΢С
ȵ⻰ٴζסˡ
ǳȥ
ǵȻȥڳ֮ôãҲ֪ⱲҪ̤缸ǲˡܳΪ޷ӳ֮سȥԣﶼףǻڳ֮ء
ھԵ˵Ļ˭ֵأ뽫Ǵ֮أҲ𾳽硣壬ж˵ҲδܽǴӳ֮شȥ
뿪֮زʱѣֱǿЦ
˺ܿʶһµ⣬ǾǾôģҪ֮أ֮¡ﵽߣͲ֮ܽء
ֵܣ㡭㲻Ѿ˰ɣ
ˣҲĶžԡ
ʵұǿһЩλϸ粻ҪֻҪ֪ҿԴ뿪֮ء֮أҲסˡ΢Ц˵
ȵ۾ɵùԲ١
ǿ
ʲôʵ
ڳЩ˿ǿѾǿĴˡھŴ磬ûڡЩǿߣڻпٵ硣ǶԱǿĲΣûʲôЩˣ¶û
λϸ磬ԵһᡣԽ˵
Ŀһתɽ
ɽϣкŻúˣ˶ǸսķڣǸɽҪ̳ڷϵߡ
ֱһӣǰռ֮Ť
󣬺ھǰã֮ɫ
ʲô
ɽúôţͻȻⲻɽ֮µĹ㳡
ף
ԣͯģĺ˾ԣһ㶣𾪡
ԣ㡭ˣŻ־ϲžԡ
ǰˣǰĳŵԻ˵λںܺãʥƿ磬ȶǣǿԸ磿
ˣҲϣ뿪֮أ㹻ǿȥ翴ˣ޷뿪֮ءԣȻ磬ȴҲûκΰ취ȥ̽Ϣ֮صĶҲ֪
ǵȻҲȥ翴޷뿪֮صġɽҪפءԣҪ뿪֮صģҲġԾ˵
ʵʱǾʹԼ֪Բʵȵ뿪ٴν֮أѾ˵ˡңԽķʽƺƾҪȻǲûκθӦ֮أûκηӦϢ֮صĽƣƺԾȫûá
˵
νҲ׼һ³֮أǲÿɽֻҪ뿪ȥ磬Ҿ뿪ڳ֮أҵȻǿһУͿǵıˡ΢Ц˵
ȵһԶɵˣһ֣㽫Ūǰʲôʵ
ȵˣǼ˵ģ˿ܻŻáǣȻ֪˶ʲôǿߡ


1821 
ⷬ໥һۡ
ڳ֮أع֮ãʵҲѾϰˡǱѡǵȻҲȥߡ˼ĿܣҲԶһط
ԣô֮أʵ
ԺȻͬ⡣
ˣȽǴȥ˵ĳ֮أҸǻȨޡʲôʱٽ֮أԣҡͷ
ԴˣܽҲȥɣһһߣʱ򿪿ʾԡ
ߣžԡǵģԻ᲻ǣֻŵߡ
˭뿪ԡ뿪󣬾ͲٽˡԶЩ˵
Ծ˵Щȫ뿪Ҳ˳ֶѡ
뿪뿪Ҫ뿪
ҲҪ뿪
Ҳûϣʲô
˷׷׿ڡ
ûˣڳ֮ء
ৣ
һռ䲨١
һ̣˱Ƿ֣ԼĵطѾǳ֮ڣڻС
лԴˣ
Դ֮
ԺԴκηԸҶȫԸǣм˵
ֻЦЦ˵Ƕ񣬾𣬾ҲʲôҪǰæ
ԣ㵽״ô֮أǲġ
ûκܹҡ
ǿţԻ£ֱ̧ۣһɺƵĿֲµ֡
ֱӽ֮ءǵܣóȵһסҴȻûܵκεѹܸоǹһ˿һǣǷɻ
ֲ̫ˣ
ͷۣٸ֮ء
֮Ҫһһķ̳Сǲģһһ㡣
֮ĳ֮أ߳ȥȴ߽롣ԲóһЩƣʵ㹻ǿ񾭹ӦĿ飬֮ܽءϰεߣ֮ܽء
ҲһЩ˼ó֮طӳļֵ
δ̫ʱ䣬Ա㽫֮ظϣһЩ鱦ҩԴȥúߣڳ֮صõĶȻǰܹͨƽȥ
ǶԾԵĸ죬Ҳ⡣
ԣĲ֪θл㡣ͷԼ
˺;Żã֪Ըĳ֮أûΥı⡣Ϊ³֮أɲǵģҪĿģǰߡΪͷ̳ԣҲû취Щơκ˶ܽ뿪ͷ̳ò˶þûκЧˡ
Ըĳ֮أȫı⡣ټϣ»ɣǵȻмԡ
ǲؿöǣǿʱ֮ءȻˣҲֻ޶ǣǽˣЧġλǿȥ翴ˡЦŶ˵
ãڣ
С磬ʱ䣬ңŻöԾЦ˵
ԣû뵽ǰһǿʵҸоõʵҪǿöࡣ˵
ӰԶȥ
λҲԸԻȥˣصȥתЩ˵
һжµĸ𣬴½ȥ
ٲ֣ȴûߡЩˣɫЩŹ֡
ôأʡ
ԴˣǱڳ̫֮ˣ֪ȥһ˵
Ŵ磬һЩ磬ȥ˵
ĳȵȲˣҲûߡ
Դˣһ澰Դˣһ˾ͺá߹ͷ˵
ˣ
Щ
˵ģЩ񾳽ߣԵˣδعԾԵʵֻҪڻ㺰һ䣬¾кܶǿ߸ԸԵˡ
˵ûطȥҿԽ͵ѩ硣ѩˣҵŮоѩ
磿ȵһ
ԣǵ硣Եͷ
磬𿪱ٵİɣǿߣҲܳԿ΢絫ȶԡˣ㡭ŮѵҲ𣿡һ
ˣһ𾪿žԡԵŮȻǿˣ
ǵˣ֪ˣ߰ɣﵽѩ磬ܿ죡ûн̫ࡣ
ѩµ磬Щ룬ԵķչҲǺ¡


1822 ҵ
Ŀǰ״ˣ񾳽ߣǿߡȵˣеٮٮߣǶľŶǵսԱͨͨ
гȵһȺ붬ѩ磬ѩи߲õ˼Ĳ䡢׳ҪǣЩǾԴӳ֮ؾȳģǶԾԸж£ҳϲʲô⡣
ԣһЩԴǡȻЩԴҲ޷ǽ˾ԵЩԴǽϣٻһЩ
ѩ֮⣡
ˣĪݹԾԡ
ĪݣԺⶬѩİͽˡԶĪ˵
뿪һ棬ԲĪݡĪݵʵһǺǿɵ֮⣬ҲﲻϾʲôæ˵ѾĪݵһ㣬ҲϣĪݸԼȥ֮ðա
˷ģūڣ˸Ҷѩ֣Īն˵
ĪݣѾΡΪĪս뺷ʵһЩĸ߽𣬶κβĪݡ
Īضѩ磬ҲȽϷġ棬ûܶԶѩ繹в
˵ˣǻС򡣶ѩΣգСԺܿ͵ִ뿪СӦþһǿߡοԻġһݺɵƸС
ԱðѩҲѩģѩûͬ⡣ѩ߷棬һЩΡô˵߷ȽΪ£߷ﲻԼ뾰ԵĹϵԼȻǸ⡣
Īݣ㱣أԶĪݵ˵ͷ
Ӱһʧڻ֮С
һڣԸý飬ҲˡӶѩ뿪󣬾ֱӾҲȸȥ
ִк󣬾ûмŽ룬ֻ˺ܶʱ䣬˽沼µķ󡣶һ󣬾Ȼкܶ಻׵ĵطЩطҲ⡣
޸
뿪һ棬Ҳ뿪ʱ롣ԣԽ߾ȫҪ޸׼˴Ĳϣһĳ޸һЩò׼ĵطҲǿȥ޸Ҳˣֻ㹻գȥ
ķǧʱ䣬ԲŽ޸޸Ĵ󣬿϶֮ǰķúһЩ
ˣվڴУת
ԭҲԼڷ̤߽뿪ģֻ֮ǡֻǣҪ̤߽ʱ򲢲ʱȥѻͿԵģҪһЩԵ
Ȼˣٻϼʮʱ䣬ǾԵҲһڷ̤߽𾳽硣ֻ⼸ʮʱ䣬Ծ˵Ҳݳޡ˭֪⼸ʮУᷢʲôһбĪаǿһô죿Ǵ
ӴþԶ֮Ҳ˲ٵ˽⡣ǿȺǸεĴڣ޷塣
ûôʱ䡣
ҪػԼ棬պ˵͵ﾳʵ
ৣ
ûٳɣԽȡ
ȣϿΪһʱճ涴ʱճ涴ЧǽԵ֮ռʱճ涴浮ʱʹڡκһ浮һʱճ涴¡
ʱճ涴ͺͨʱҪģԼܳ󡣿˵ʱճ涴ߡߣҲͬǻв
Щһ㶼ͨʱճ涴ܽһȻȥɴݻ档ûʱճ涴Ҳ޴¿աкǿġȣһ㡣
ʱճ涴֮ڣµʱշԵûңڻ֮һڡԵľŴԲ޵ĸʱճ涴ʱշת򣬵Ҳֻм򵥵ĸӦҪŪڻԶԶ
£ֻﾳǿߣܶϤʱճ涴
ʱ䲢Ծͷ֣ԼһƬ֮СĻգڵĻպܽӽǸΪƶ񤡣Ըһ£ſǼ޷֪κʵĴڣԪظһûС
֮ڣôܳһЩʯȵʡʾۼĵطγɽȵȡ棬һƬգӦֻֻͨ񾧡׾ߵҩָˡ
ڣϴԴ١ųۣʼ·
֮ǰӴʱ򣬾ԵõĺɵƴУҲõһݹ֮ĵͼ


1823 
ûݵͼǾԴ֮ʲôλö֪
ۣпٷС
ֻҪֳٿػۼɣֻ֧ϵתۼҪΪȥơ
еʱ䣬ԶúɵͼУԷĲɵƵĲ㡣ڵľԣֻǰѡɵͼҪԴࡣż񾧵ԴһһѵġֻҪȥ򣬾Ҫ֧š
ȻԴ֮£ԵĽҲܿ졣ԺɵƵĲ񣬼ûʲô⡣żɬҲܿéٿ
ոһգ긴һ꣡
ת֮䣬Ѿ뿪˰ꡣ
һգ۾
ʣ
Υĸо
ಣװ֮ϡ
̿ռڣȷʵԪصϢԽԽŨ
֮ĻգǼѷġһӦԪأôҲʹžۼز̫Զˡ
ں嫵ĻУֻҪԪصĵطһ㶼档
ҿڵλãʶ񺣣鿴ͼ
ջͼأλãȷʵһƬ½ϢغģӦòǺĻ½Ҳ֪ûг󷨡Ѱ˼š
ԵĵͼǱȽϸµġԻһЩܳĴ½ҲбעǣغϸֻЩ֪½ŻȽϸĽܡ
ô˵ִһƬ½Ծ˵ǺϢ½гʹôܴǰԴ֮ص·̡ʹôʹֻ޾и·Ļǲ֪²ܿԴ֮ء
ӦԪصϢʹۣٷǰ
һ֮
ȷʵǻ½
УѾܿһƬɫԪ֮ɫԪ֮ǵ򣬾ǻ½
ۣͣתź󷽡
Ͳһһ۴ڣԼԼѾʮʱ䡣ʱԵǲȷ󷽵ĻǲԼطԼǵҪԷʲôˡ
󷽵ĻۣҲ𽥼١ھ뾰ǧ֮ĵطͣһһʧھԵĸ֪֮УһϢԼλýӽ
ۣӦǱǸˡ
ܿ죬ԾͿӰһŮԡ
ԭأŶԷԷԼ߾ǰĻ½ԵȻ˵ʲôԷԼж⣬Ҳ顣
Ѻã
Ů鿿Ժ󣬻ͣԴк̬ƺ޶ӡ
ѺãҲ˹ֻ
ҽҪǰǻ½𣿡Ůʵ
д⣡Եͷޱ顣
ҲҪǰĻ½Ѳ⣬ǿͬСŮԥһ£ֺ˵
ǰĻ½Ϥ𣿡˼һʵ
ϤʵҲǵһνҵļ磬ˣã˳ҵļ½Ҳأ˵ЩʱɫЩˡ
ںĻͼУĽܡ޾еһҡƺǺǿ󣬻ͼйĽҲࡣֻ֪Ĺһλﾳǿߡ
֮ǰԲ֪ǰĻ½
ⷬ˼ӦòǴг飬޾еĳһ½ϵ顣Ǹ½Ѿݻ١޾Уȷʵ࣬ǲ棬޾Ĵ½
΢һ˼ǣԱͬͬСҲͨĸ߽𣬶ԾûʲôвңﵽǰĻ½ѾԶһʱ䣬ܽ½Ȼǵһ֪Ϣ϶Լ࣬ԾԾͬУһ⡣
룡¶Ц˵
лѣ΢΢ɳһ
뾰һǰĻ½ȻҲԭġ֮ǰѾ޾Ưǧʱ䡣⼸ǧûκ顣˵ҲЩ顣
ļ类ݻ٣ǵһ뿪硣磬һη˵ʵΪѾ½ܶ׷Ͼԡ֮Ŷ뾰ͬе˼ΪԿǻˡ
ǰĻ½ҲİúܡһͬУپһЩ
Ȼ˵߽Ҳǵ飬δ뿪Լļ硣һҲһĴηСŮ


1824 ɱ¾
ԳɷֱӾʹӾ߹ȥˣͣ뾰˵
Ȼ˵úÿδǺˣѿδǻˡĵ飬ʱҲòȡˡ
ˣһͬǰĻ½
ԵѣҲǵһ𣿡УҲţԾʵ
ǰղŸңҶ֪Ƭ½ġԵͷ˵
ڻͼУҲûнƬ½ע
ǾԵǴʲôطģתĿʡ
ǼҲȽϺ˵Բôࡣ
һСطֵһᡣҴǰԴ֮أû˵ԼǴһߣϾϤûҪ˵̫ԼϢ
Դ֮أ˵Դ֮أɫһ¡
ǿɲףڼ½Ҳ˵һЩԴ֮صĴ˵ҵļ磬ҲһЩǿĵǿͼȥԴ֮أ׷ѰΪﾳ·ǣҪȥԴ֮أƺǳļѣҶû˵½˳ɹִԴ֮ءҡҡͷ˵
޾ո·ȷʵѡʹһЩʹӦûɺܶɣЩ˵
Եѣ㡭㲻᲻֪ǳʹһܹʹõİɣˣûʸʹóʹġü˿ԣϸĴ˾һ·Ѱʲô
ûʸʹãʲô˼ѵԴʹô½𣿡ԶԴˣûĲ
ͬУҲ̽һЩϢ
޾˽⣬ȷʵࡣĻͼϣҲû̫ļء
ûݣȻʹó󡣻½ĳ󣬶Сҵļ½ûг󡣲Ҳ֪һЩⷽϢ˵Ҫʹó󣬱߱еһ֡˵
ݣ֣ǴСطģЩϢȷʵ֪æ˵
һ־ǣռĳԱֻҪһЩԴʹó󡣵ڶ־ǣǹ֮ص飬Ҳʹó󡣵֣ǻɱ¾ߵݡֻݣſʹó󡣡
ǰݣǶ̫ʵ֮٣Ҳ뿪֮ءռҪռ̫̫ˣһƬ½ܶûһռġֻеݻɱ¾ߣűȽ׻á˵
֮أռ
ЩϢԶϤ
ѣ˵Ĺ֮أĪǻԪʵ
ǰ֮أǻԪ֮ء飬ÿһޱǿ󣬾˵ҲﾳΰڣǻԪػߡ飬ǲ֮صġðȻ룬ͻᱻػ׷ɱͷ
ŶˡռָԴ֮صĴ𣿡ʡ
ǰһռĸԴ֮ءֻԴ֮ء֮УĪġ
ѣ֪칬Ե
칬Ȼ֪칬ռ֮һǳǿ˵칬棬һλʴȵˡ˵칬ʱ򣬱Ƚɡ
ԣȴ΢΢һ𡣺칬Ȼռ֮һ棬Ǻ칬䡣ô˵ʵԴ֮޾磬ӦöǷǳǿġǣʲô鷳ŵûлصԼ޸أ
ЩԶͷȷǣס鷳϶鷳칬Ҫס
ѣ˵ǻɱ¾׻õģô˵תƬֿ̣ʵ
ɱ¾ȷʵǺ׻ãǰһ½ϣɱ¾ڡֻҪȥɱ¾Ϊɱ¾ߣͨ򵥵ˣͿԻɱ¾ݡҲеĻɱ¾߶ʹó󡣾֪Ҳüﵽɱ¾ߣʹó󡣡˵
ĽͺͽܣԶԻɱ¾Ҳ˽⡣
޾еĺܶ½ϣɱ¾ɱ¾ռͬѳֵһ޾飬϶Եɱ¾עǼǳΪɱ¾ߣֻɱ¾Ҫ߽м򵥵Ŀ顣
ڳɹΪɱ¾֮󣬾ͿԴɱ¾ȡ񣬱ܻһĻ֡Ҫɱ¾ߵļ𣬾ҪøĻ֡ɱ¾ߣ߼ǾŻҪʹյĳҪɱ¾ߵݡ


1825 ־
У˽Ƭ½
½ֻ޾һƬ½أҲضڡ֮⣬طҴԸ
½ķҪҲǷ֡޾ǺܻԾģ˭Ҳ֪ʲôʱͻðһɻ½ûдͿֱӽٴ½ڼ̵ʱڳɼƻ
½ڴ֡ЩľϵļУĶ졣ĸʵȻǺǿ󣬵һ֧һٸɵĶ飬Ƕӡɻɱͨ顣
Ժܿͨ˼飬ЩҲȡκηáǷģϸ
޾УҲваͶ塣弫ײУһУҲͷԵĲҺܴռƶ֮أԴѷǱ嶼ױֱԾҪϸ̽ϢΪṩ鱨
Ҫĳһ½ϸ̽ϢƬ½û޷Ĵڡ
ԺɾĺܣԺ׾ͨļ顣
ҼĴ½ˡҼ½ڻ붼ƵܣЩ˵˵
Ҳ֪˵һЩʲôο
Եѣղ˵ҪǰԴ֮أƬ½Ӧг󣬵ǲʹõġת˵
ţҾȥɱ¾Ϊɱ¾ߣȴﵽ㹻ļͿˡԵͷ
ҲǴȥɱ¾ġҼ½ûɱ¾ֲҺһǻɱ¾ߡԵѣһȥɱ¾룿һ˵
ðûκ顣
ѯһ£Ժ֪ɱ¾ڡɱ¾Ƭ½ĵط֮һסƬ½飬֪ɱ¾ʲôط
֮󣬾Ծ֪Ϊʲô֮ǰȷԼǻɱ¾ˡ
Ϊɱ¾ϣһǡһɱ¾ߣϻһɫԲɱ¾ߣɫԲԴƣ׾ͱϵóңֻҪɱ¾ǼעΪɱ¾ߣôۻʲô·϶ıǡǣ嶼ģǹ̶ĳһ·ϡ
ɱ¾ȷʵټǰɱ¾·ϣԾͿ˺üбǵ飬ֻһԲɱ¾ҪѶҲС
ɱ¾ǳĿֺɡ棬֣˿˿Ƶɱ⻷ڱ档˿һۣ𵴡
뽨֮ڣԿмʮɱ¾ߣһֻϱǶɱ¾ߡвˣڲ鿴־־޴ʯ֮ϣ¼и顣
ǼעĹ̺ܼ򵥣򵥵ϢǼ֮ӡרߵķо硣ǽӽؾ飬һ飬˶Ϊɱ¾ߵ
޾У֮£ΪؾؾھԼӦķΪһ׵𡣾Ҳ۷ؾ
֮ͨ󣬾̾͸оһɹŹֵϷ١΢ȴγһϵ󣬾ɫϣǰλãͳһɫԲ
ɫԲǾ˻ɱ¾ߣδﵽһɱ¾ߡɹһ󣬻ɫԲͻ¶Ϊɫʱ򣬲һɱ¾ߡ
򵥵˵Ժˣڶɱ¾ߣǵɱ¾δ
ˣһɫ۵ŮӣԾԺ
ԱݣһȽǿĵԹΡ
ɱ¾ŵԱ˻ɱ¾ߵĸǻɱ¾νȡԼһЩ֪Ĺ
ԺʵĸԱ
ʯϵǹٷһʯϵ˽񡣡ԱֱָŴڵʯԾ˵
ʯ϶һһʯݺ٣Ҳǹٷʯϣֻм򵥵ļ񡣶˽ʯͱȽˣһϢϸ֣ҲȽҡԴԿһۣ˽඼ѰһЩԴģҲļǰһЩż̽յĵȵȡ
Ҫעǣݣֻܽһ񡣸߼ǲҪ鿴ҲûáΪˣĴȡҽýȡٷ񡣹ٷһΣ΢һЩΪ鱨ϱ˽ҪϸöࡣԱ˽˵


1826 һ
Աְ𣬾˻ɱ¾߽֪ʶ
˽鱨Ϣϣ಻ٷϸң˽һҲȹٷ˻ɱ¾ߣӹٷʼ
ɱ¾Ҫȡ˽ԱҲǿֹǴֻȰ˵һ䡣
ǻʲô׵ĵطڶң˵ĸڲʣԺֻԼˡԱԾԺ˵
֪һιٷһܻöٻ֡ԿԱʵ
ֺͳͶǹ̶ģΪйУһı仯ֱ仯ɱ¾޷ȫơԾٻ֣Ҫһ˵һһĹٷܻɱ¾֡ɱ¾ֿԻȡһöǳʯԱ͡
ǳʯһ񾧡׾ʯͨǳʯЧ
ĿǰδõǳʯԶǳʯľЧջƶϣǳʯӦǱȽĶֵӦûҪ׾ܶࡣ
ɱ¾ɱ¾֣Ǻġɱ¾֣ԶһָԴ˵ֻҪ㹻Ļ֣ôܶһκҪԴ㹻ɱ¾֣ҲԷκ͵˽뷢ɱǿﾳǿߣȫԡ
ɱ¾ǿռͬƵĻ
ѣʲô𣿡
ҡͷ
ǶлԱˣûˡԱ˵
ţǺãԼءҶǣֻһҸ棬ڽȡ˽ʱҪСģܻóáԱ˵仰ת뿪ˡ
Եѣھͽȡ𣿡ʾԡ
뷨أԵ
Ҳ̽ȡ񣬽ɱ¾ݼָָǰɫԲ˵
ٷʯ֮ǰ
ڹٷʯϣϢ١һֻ
Ժ鿴Ϣ
һٷһǴȺһصǲ࣬ʱȺܴһʱȼ꼸ʮ궼һСҪɱ¾ȡﵽʽ
һȺԿһ۾ͺԵˣעڵڶϡС񣬿ҲȽƽһڵ΢ʹ½﹥ˣĿǰ̾ڴ½ϣٷҪһ֧ɱ¾ǰɱ
鱨ʾֻͨɱѶȲԣһһĹٷĿǰѾɱ¾߽ȡҲ˵ͱ
Ժһ£ȡ
ȷҪ𣿡ȡĹԱһʵ
ǵģȷԺӦ
ţСҪǰɡ֮ǰɱ¾߽ҲôֻҪٵһɱ¾߽ͻᱻʽˡ
ɱ¾ƣǶЯһȡ㹻ˣǱ֪ͨͨǵɱ¾ϡԱһƵݸԺ
ǴԼҪȶãʵ
ǲȷģ˵һ˽ȡҲܻȽϳʱû˽ȡҵľ鿴಻ᳬʱ䣬ͻСԱ̬Ȼ˵飬Ҳʱش
лˣԹֵл
ȡ󣬾Ժ뿪ɱ¾½ĳתת
ʱ˵Ʊ춯һѶϢ֮
ˣѾʽˡԶЦЦ˵
ţǣͻɱ¾ɡͷ˵
ɫƺЩš
ҲҲǵһνɱ¾ټϣʵҲǺǿһЩֻһΪھԼ棬Ҳͨĸ߽ѡŮĲοܽӽĲǿߡ
ѣýšӦòѣʱҲ̫á΢Цοһ䡣
ţлԵѡһžգգ۾
˻صɱ¾󣬺ܿͱһ֮ڡ˽뷿Ѿɱ¾ˡɱ¾߿ԺɨһۣҲû˵
Ժ˸λ¡ڣĸ˵һȡĻɱ¾߹
ûȶãյʱ䲻ӰҲ˷䡣
ڣٷɱ¾ߣȫˡ


1827 
ɱ¾ȫ롣
ǺǡһˣЦ
ɫΣϲƣȻ˥ϵЩͬǣƤ塣ǰ֯һɫԲɱ¾ɱ¾߱־
֮УֻһǶɱ¾ߡ
ȻѾˣǾͶһԼɡϾҪͬһɱ¾໥˽һ£ǻ¡ƤЦ֮˵
ֽйؿƤӼ˵
ҽнһɱ¾ߣţҽܡ
ҽɯɴĻ𱬵Ů˵
Щ䣬ȻɴϢڳ˶ܸо
ҲһԼɡתĿԺ
Ժǰ־ǻɫǴδɹɱ¾ɱ¾ߣΪҲ
Щ˵ҽһ
ӲҪ£ѶȲӦúɡңйؿһǿ򡣹Ц˵ĿҲ˿ؿдŹά
ؿǶɱ¾ߡƬ½ɱ¾̫ࡣһɱ¾ߣҪһһҪɼʮһɱ¾۾飬ȷʵܷḻ
Ҳ֪ؿΪʲôȡһѵһٷɱ¾
ҽоԣؾ۷Ϊ΢ЦԼ
ؾôžԣü
У;ǴؾôҲһԵʵġǽƺЩԵʵ̫ˡ
񲻻̫ѵģһؾͬУҲûʲôϵɯ˵
ţҪ˵СûˣͲǣͲҪ˷ʱٵһɱ¾ˡߵĹؿ˵
ؿһ˵ҲͲ˵ʲôˡȻ˱ֱӹϵģһ̶ϴһʵ͵ɱ¾ߣЩǿɱ¾ӰҲ
λɱ¾ߣ׼ó𣿡ʱһԱ߽ѯʡ
׼ˣʱԳˣȺӦ˵
߰ɣԱ
һͨ尵ɫĻۣѾڴ½֮ĻСԵҪǰ΢ʹ½ϣ޴ʹͷҪʹûǰ
ۣɱ¾һּ߶˵ĻۣٶȷǳˣֵҲߡһһۣȾԵĻٶҪʮֱմ뾰ʩչռ޸·ࡣ
º󣬻ۼ١
һ٣Ե˾֪΢ʹ½ҲصӦÿ쵽ˡȻɱ¾ĹԱдǴӴճȥ
Եˣܿڼװϼϡ
λɱ¾ߣصѾǰǱռݵ΢ʹ½ҪģɱɣǷύýҪעǣֻ͹ǽӻȥҲ˵֮ҪԼȥˣףǺˣɱ¾ĹԱⷬ˵Եɱ¾֮󣬱㽫˸˻ۣٿػʧ֮С
ݹٷϢеݿһ΢ʹ½ǱһͼռݡʵӦòǺǿͲһٷˡҵȻɱͿԷȡˡȿ˵һԾԾԵӡ
ȻٷϢô˵ģҪСһ㡣ٷϢҲһٷְ׼ȷɱ¾УֻԼǰؿһ۽˵
Ƕɱ¾ߣȻҶ࣬ġεЦһ
Сӣʵһǽ΢ʹ½ɲҪǺȡɲҪǲ־㡣ֶԾԵȵ
ѷģһСĵġЦЦԽӣҲû˵ʲô
ɴŮɯɴ֮µ˫Ŀƺ˾һۣû˵ʲô
ˣǳȽ΢ʹ½ؿһ˵
⣬ǰ΢ʹ½ٽӽȥ
һ½˾̸оң䲻ȶļѾɲƬ½
ԵѣһСһ㣬Ҫֿԡ
ǧҪ뿪ߡԱȴЩ࣬
ԣѾӦϢɫصǣƬ΢ʹ½ϣƺֻһ
Խ̿һƬ½Ƭ֮ڣûһ顣ּ󿴣Ƭ½ԭӦ˲顣ûκ鼣ҪôѾɵҪôǱץ


1828 ׷
Ǿ仰Щɻ
ԵԭǡҪ뿪ߡ仰ûʲô⡣һϸ룬Щëˡô˵ͺ˵Աһ㡣
ɻģһ㡣ֻǴؾ۷ΣôȻֻһɱϾǵǿߡؾǺܴġ
ȷʵû
ھԵļ棬Ҳ߽𿹺Ҫ߽ѶҲǼ
Ҳû룬ֻΪһʱȻʶʱ䲻Ҳþ˲ŵԸ
Ƭ½ϵ飬Ѿ׶༪ˡؿ˵
ȻҲ̽ˡ
ЩѾɣҲûа취ǵɱռƬ½ɯԶ˵
ؿ֣ô㾭ḻǶġֶԹؿƨ
Ƭ½Ȼ΢ʹ½ҲӴҵҲǺסڣƺɴ½ʣû˷ֿѰңһͬϵˡؿ˵
ɱ¾ƣҲͨѶĹܡֻҪ벻̫ңԶͿԻഫѶϢ
ã̵
ҲûͷжԸ췢ɯҲ˵
˿ԣ֮⣬ʵһҲʲô
ͬ⣡˵
ʱ뾰ԷֿҲûϵһҾͺܿۼ
Ǿͳؿ
Իû
ƺЩ˶ںԵʵҲȷʵˣǿؾˣѾǾĪˡˣжʲô
һ£˵
˲䣬ؿ˵Ŀⶼ˾ԡ
ؿüԣô£ֻټֲɱôⶼң
Ҿ͹Ƭ½ۣŭԾԺȵ
üɨ˽һۣЩˬˡʼʱ˾ԣֻ˼ƽϣⲻ
ٳԲѷɱҷ˵
ϣСƢǲСҵ뿴ôѵ㻹Ҷ֣ĵ
ˣҪ˷ʱ䡣Ƕȥҽȡһ񣬾Ϊһ㡣ؿü˵
ҲȥѰټ˵ǣǲҪֿˡټԳ˵
ţ
ˣ
ʲô֣ؿ΢΢һ㶣ʵ
Եѣѵ׷طɴɯʵ
ڻУһЩطкǿ׷طȽϺÿ˶лѧϰġ
ɯôһ˵ؿͽ
ɱ¾ʱС񣬶һó׷ٵĳԱɾɶˡ
Զһµţ
ʵϣԲδ׷طܷ֮һǿһԭ֮ˡ֮ʩչзǳֲ׷Чκ飬ˡǣǺĴڣҲȫˡ
Ե֮ȻֻǾδﵽɣƬ½ϣ׷Ҳ´ˡ
СӣҲеáȻ׷طͿ춯׷ٰɡֿž˵
˽һۡ
Ҵ·ɣֱ˵
ȷʵѾ̽鵽Ϣ
ˣΪ⣬Ŵ½жȥ
ʱһ޴ΣǱؿ˵Ӧ⸽Ϊҡ
Сһ㡣ؿ˵
ɣô׾ҵ塣ɱǾܻȥȡЦ˵
ַƬ̣ʱѾܿǸ
ʡһ㣬ӿСԵ˳ֺҲˡ
תž޴ɺžԵˣƺжϾԵ˵ʵ
ǷǳթģһУ޷ĳԣʱҪҲҪԡǣʵ̫£Ҳװǻߡ
Ȼо˾ԵʵǿԼǶ֡ԣһתʩչմ츳Ҫߡ
ߣûôףؿֱһ˦Ϣһ·ڿռڳ֡


1829 鱨ƫ
ʵǺǿ
ԴϢжϣȽĪаҪö࣬ȷʵҲͨһΡ
ȻˣﱬǿһҲȫƥɱȱ㣬ǳ־ǷȱľˣϣͨʱĪа죬Īаʵ̫ǿǾԸϵǶľ˿µ˲١
ռڵĴƣؿʵǿᡣӰ֮£մЧ
ɶ񣡡
Ļ쵰ɲǣ޷ѣת˻
ҲΣֻ޴ͷнǣȫī
һﲢ仯˵ﾳҲΪͨΡǵϢͬȥΣ㻯ΪͨΣҲ׾ͱϳ
ɱؿٴγ֡
ɯҲʩչ๥
һΧ֮£δܼ̫õʱ䡣
ڲĵ˻УӴ¡
౻ɱʱҲһֱעš
ȷʵÿһﱻɱ뵳ġնɱĪа죬а
ĪаþԵǿһɡܶһЩԿ̤ܺܿˡ
ɣһɱ¾ɡȥ󣬾ȡˡҲ֪ܻü֡ɴЦ˵
ؿɯϣҲ¶΢Цı顣
һȻһЩÿζôɣҲʹ졣
ԣ˿㹦ͿɲСؿԡ
˵ʵ
Ǿ׷ҵ࣬Ҫ˷Ѻܶʱ䡣Ҳܽթɱ¾߳޷УҲкֱܴӴ뿪Ƭ½ɱ࣬Ͳɣصɱ¾Ҳòκν
ΪˣؿźɫԾ˵
ҲǸݸ˱ָġ׷࣬ҪǾԵĹ͡ɱ¾һġ˵õĽ֣һҪءؿ˵˫üΪǵûʲô
ҵǲ̫ġǣƬ½Ӧûǵ񣬻ûɡҡͷ˵
ôܣ
ɱ¾鱨Ϣ˵ˣֻһؿü
ϸӦһ£Ƭ½ǲǻڼ١ת˵
ԵĻؿ˶ʶ̿Ӧ
һӦǵɫͺѿˡ˵ûƬ½ڼ١඼ѾɱʬԱߣѾˡڣ½ʻڼ٣ֻһͣǡڴ½
Ȼˣ
鱨Ϣ׼ȷǹٷ񣡡ؿŭ˵
ٷһ£鱨ǲִġ˽񣬳鱨ϢƫŻһЩؿɼʮιٷ񣬳ֹ鱨ƫģֻһΣǵڶ鱨Ϣ׼ȷ
ѶˡĻߡԵѣҪ鷳׷ˡɯ˵
׷Ȼû⡣λҪСˡһָоƬ½ϣбǿöѾɱٵٶȣȴδ̫ࡣ˵
ؿ˶һۡ˵ģûٵٶȣ֮ǰǸӦĲࡣ
ε񣬲ɣСҪ϶ɱ¾߲ɰɣɫҲѿˡ
ǾΣˡǹؿҲΣա
ȿ˵ɣؿ˵

ͬʱƬ΢ʹ½ĳһ
һƬɫĹΣ˸šɫΣŨаϢ
ڹ֮УһӰֹͣɺǰ
ˣ
ǻɱ¾Ѿˡ¸£һֱڵǣӰУ}˵
ͬһ
ںڹСڹ⣬Ҳһϵıųġи̽áɱ¾鱨ƫɱ¾̽飬ûзֱڹ⸲ǵ
ãܺãɱ¾ߵζҾ϶ܾûԵˡһΣϣܶԼ϶ɺһתԱߵĽ䡣
ң
ҪңҲ
壡ΰɱ¾ŹģһƬǽﴫ


1830 ͨ
ڽдÿڣб顣еһ飬еȴϰ顣
Щס飬˻ǵϣеĿ־壬еķŭеľǾ
ǶƬ΢ʹ½ԭס񣬾ˣһδ뿪Ƭ½ǰƽֱЩͻȻ٣˴½ķǱץıץ
ץȻڻкܶţǵƺҲעˣǳΪаʳÿ죬кܶǵͬ飬ǽо϶̳Ե
ʱ϶ſڣһ޷ֵֻ֡һʮ˵ľ޴ֱӷ϶𣬽飬ȫ̳ȥ
̳֮ƺ촽Ӷɫֱۣںڹ֮Уһռڵİɢһڿռڡ
棬ǹؿ˻ɱʱľ󡣹ؿ֣ɱҲû̫ʱ䡣
ԺȻû֣ͬڻ֮С
ɱ¾ߣ
̳ܲǣɱȳЩǿˡ϶ɺ˫Ŀ˷ܡ
͵ȴɱ¾ߵˡ
ռƬ΢ʹ½ôʱ䣬Ϊ˵Ȼɱ¾ߵ𣿾϶ʵԶռƬ½ɱ¾·ƴ½ߣĿľ˻ᣬ̳һЩɱ¾ߡ
Ҳ̫ǿĻɱ¾ߣһԼûܷԼĴڡ̽鵽ɲֻһ
ҽ⼸ɱ¾̳ԺҲ͸뿪ˡţѰһĿꡣ϶΢΢һʧ
ʧһƬڹ⣬Ҳ֮ɢ
Ҷ侲һ£ǻɱ¾߽½ˡɱ¾ߣɱ϶Ǿܵþˡһԭס϶뿪ͬ˵
ԣϣˡ
ȥ
ֻҪǾ϶նɱǾͶþˡ˷׷׿ڣ˻ͣЪ
˶ϣ˵󲿷ˣûʲôġЩԭסҲʵȽǿģкüǵ͸ߺܶࡣ֪϶ɲһǿ󡣵϶𹥻½ʱһУ㽫½ķơ
϶ȻǷǳǿĵž϶ۿ౻ɱ龰ʱЩԭסҲ½Ļɱ¾ˣɱ¾ߣƺֻһǶɱ¾ߡôɱ϶
Ƭ½ҲΪ϶ʳˡ
Եɱ¾ߣٷСǰ·ĸ˽档
ͻȻԼ٣ں̵ܶʱֹͣС
ԣôͣˣؿһۡ
̿δټ
׷ʧ𣿡ɯҲԡ
Ŀһתһ˵׷ˣѾ߹ˡʵҪ֮ǰɱǿö࣬Ѿǡ
Խ֮ԸӦ϶ϢǱµöϢ
ô˵ؿһ
СһЩ޷УǾȳ½鱨Ϣƫɱ¾Σյʱ򡣾޷ɣҲܽؿ˵
ؿǱȽϽСĵԸ
ؿѣǵʵҲȫûлᡣڣЦЦ˵
ؿΪɯǶΡֵĻȻɱԷϣǺܴ󣬵Ӧû̫⡣
ţ֮ҪСһЩؿͷ
ԣ׷ط׼ȷ׼ȷ˵￿ǣôһӦֿü
ڽ֮һֲϢȻ١ӦһϢɫ䣬һ¡ǹؿҲ¶Ų֮ɫ
֮һӴǰУ
ɱ¾ߣ
¸£Ҿ϶ѾǺܾˣ϶ص뾰Ե˶С
϶
϶Ǿ϶𣿡ؿ֣ɫٴδ䡣
Ȼǵһ֡
ʵҲȷʵˣ֮ڣɱ¾ߣԾ϶ǲİġΪ֣ͨϣڵھλͨϣһжʮ֣϶֮һ
о϶壬ײޱȣҹƶˡɳ岽ǿ׷ɱ϶𣬶ûܳɹ
ؿ͸žĲǾ϶ʵ˭֪϶Ĳ岽Ӳһ


1831 ؾʵ
ıָΪ֪ǰ˭嶼Խڲ
Ľ壬ǵкܴϣɹˡڣԵȴպյľ϶
϶ʵǿ
Բ֪϶˭Ͼ뿪ҲŰ˰ٶ꣬һʱ䶼һ˼ʻ۸·
Եѡ϶𣬺ܿ£ɫס
ļ½򣬿˵϶϶𣬲ܱ߻Ծڻ֮أҲм
ЩΣ˭뵽Լһνȡɱ¾񣬾϶壬ͨڵھŵĴڡ׶Ը߲ͽɵˣĻȵڡ
ˣߣؿһȣתٶȷɶݡ
ߣ
¸£Ҿ϶𣬻ߣ϶𷢳̶Ц
ֻһ£ռڣһɫƵɶӴܵĹؿٶ֮ƺµס
ɯҲߣǵʵȹؿһЩ޷Ѿ϶Ŀռ
츳մǶԿռ䷨ƿʵǿãֻҪʵǻϺѴѣطǱﱣ
Եѣô죿Ҫˣ;ԣû߶ҲߣûҲԭû
ģԿ΢Ц˵϶𣬽ң
תĿǰӴ
϶ʵӦĪа൱
ڼ棬Ծ͸ɵĪа졣ɱĪаĪа󣬾ԵʵһҪŪ϶Ҳ̫ѡ
ԣ϶𣬾ʵܸˡɱһɱ¾õɱ¾֣Ӧòʧ
ʲôžԡ
̫ˡ¸£Ϊҵʳɣ϶ӶֱۣŹؿץ˹ȥɫצֱ˺ѿա
϶𣡡һȡ
õģɲǣ϶ڣˣ˵䣬߶ž϶˹ȥ
ڸʲôȻЩҲûɵӣǿʵ͵ľԾȻ϶𣬶һ
𣿡
һؾ飬ǲ֪ϼⶶһ¡
޹أҲںڽҪģ취ӳȥ
ԵѣĲ嶯ɯžԵıӰ
ǺǣĲɱһɱ϶ⲻ󡣡Ҳ˵
ţ
ʲô˰ؿڣЩɵۡ
ɱĲʲôЦ̫ˣ
϶ԳԼû⣬ԼӦջ˴ץؿĺɫצΪӦƺ򵥣һΣյĸӦγɡ
֮ڽӽ϶󣬲ϼֶһâٿž϶ϯ˹ȥ
ɫĽâ֮У̺ž̶ȵĻ֮âܵգ˲ͷ̮嫵׺ݵž϶ѹȥ
˭϶ʱȻѾȷʵǿ
ǣ޷ףһɱ¾߶Сӣʵ֮ڣЩвԼǿߣʶ˵ǰˣȴδ
һɱ¾ߣԣԸ
϶æֱۣס֮γɵĽ⡣
䣡϶һ𣬲ԽһЩ
Կľצ֮ϣһѺۣɫѪҺӿâȻʧ֮γɵȻƻ϶צӡ
ʱ򣬾϶Թؿ˵ĿռȻҲ޷άˡؿǼˣָɡˣһžԡ
ǴؾΪ
һֱΪʵСӣ
һ϶ˣþ϶ˣʵһĲ鶼
ǣؾΪֲǼٵġɱ¾Ҫʵ̽ġʵطҲùɱ¾̽顣
ѣλԵѾʲôؿʵ
ʱҲˡԵʵѾ¶ǲҪܡڿ㾰޷ɱǾ϶Ҳڱɱ
ҡҲ֪ڻԵѣȻһƬ½ɱ¾Ϊɱ¾ߵġҲһͷˮ
Ҳ֪Եʵ֮ǿһֱΪԵʵ֮µġ
ɶ񣡡
ļһɶ϶ŭȫɫתһĳԡ


1832 ɱ϶
϶Ӵ棬ɫ̡
ƣ䱬ڷ񱬷֮£ȫ߳һǿ߿⡣
ʱ϶ԣֲķ籩ùؿ˶ֻܶܵԶ֮£ǹؿǿߣһСĶ
ؿˣľսǰɱɫӰԣ϶޴ȣֱСÿӡ
ǾȾκ֮УȴûκεĻҡвϼһƬʽĻֶ
ԿڽĻ֮УĽâ֯ʱա֮˺һС
һ̺˾εĻ֮ں˾֮ܡձݣ˲䱻¶}˵ĺڶ
ʽ϶ֱײ
꣡
񱩵ܲ䷽Բ֮ڡԶ˹սĹؿˣ屦߶϶ɱʱɢ
ı΢Ϊսʤ𣿡
Ҫ㣡϶һξ룬ܿסٴžԳ˹
϶ʵȷʵĪа൱ڶʱڵı֮£ҪɱЩѶȡҪʹúɵͼһֶβС˼
ν֣ԶԾ϶ʵнһ˽⡣϶սĪа죬ֻҲڲ֮䡣
ৣ
ʱ򣬾϶̵ķȴͻȻ䷢˱仯ǰһ̣ƺžԳɱȥȷŭҪɾԡɺһ̣ķзͳƫ
ţܣ΢΢һ
϶ȷʵˡ
ķŭװġ
ıãһɼɱ¾θڡ뵽ûĻɱ¾УȻ־ǿˡ޲ýʬΡ
ǣ⼫ȷŭ£϶ҲûʧȥǡǷǳթ֣ͨжϳԼͲɵԡΪİȫߡϾĽǿߣΣˡ
װҪ뾰ƴɱļƣͻȻ׼ʩչմ
߲ģȴЦһ
ʵ׼ž϶һ֡
ֱӾͶ˳ȥܽסĪаһʱ䣬ȻҲܽס϶һʱ䡣ԲҪʱֻ̫Ҫס϶ʩչմ츳Ϳԡ
ˣ˲Ϣ͸ס˾϶𣬲϶մϡ
϶մʩչʧܣתӴֱۻӶҪĽ˺ѡ
ɵͼеͺһ
ɫƣֶһɫ⻪˸ͼɵͼڽӰ֮УҫĿĹâ
ɱԿŭһ
ಣ
˶Ľ⣬ݺݵնɱδľ϶
϶Ҳо˺ɵͼвΪҡڽâɫͼʱȫ߶ͼֵ
ǣ֮ɵͼܣȫġ
ԵĺɵͼȻûдﵽĲ㣬õкڵĺɵͼҪȾɱĪаʱǿࡣ
ԿâͽɫΣ͸˾϶
Ƿǳǿģʱ򡣿˵϶վȺĲǿ߹ƾֵܵһʱ䡣
ǣ϶ķȴסԵĹ
϶ӴϣһĿĵ˿ڣɫѪҺڵĽһӿ
϶ڼƻ϶
Ҳǿʱ򣬾϶ɺ˫ĿУǷɫ
ԡ
һΣҪ뾰ƴˡ
Բܸκһᣬһ֮ͺɵͼͷŶž϶ֹȥ
ڣ϶£ƬĴ½ϡ޴һɽ
ڻɱ϶󣬾Զž϶Ƭ̺ҡҡͷ
϶Ҳû뵳
ǱȽǿҲǶ뵳ġ޾УֻҲޱɡתš
ףǣԷ֣ھ϶ʬ帽һŹֵĺɫ
һ֣ɫ뾰С
ǹȥѸ͸ܿ죬Ծⶫôˡ
ɱ¾ûз϶𣬾ΪȻܸ̽顣Խɫ
ЧȻһûйֵ϶͡ʵȽϵ͵飬Ҳܶǿ׷ɱ
ȷʵˣ߲μƻɱ϶ûܳɹΪ϶ɫ


1833 
һǲиԴġ
ǵȻϲԴԴֱɵ
ԣնɱһҵԴǻͿԶ϶Լߴˡϵȣ⹦ܵ
Բ鿴ɫ󣬱ֱⶫȥһߵļ۸񡣲ԾԼҲо޴ô
ʱ򣬹ؿҲйǿԴӾ϶һЩȡȻˣǾǲҶԴ˶˵ʲôġ
Դˣؿˣη֮ɫ
ЦǰλܹնɱĲĴڡǶǸеĸˡ
Ҫ֪岽飬޷ɱĲﾳ֮£岽ǿһȺˡ
岽֮ϣǸ߸ϵﾳڣϣҲﾳǿߡ
ض񣡡԰˵
ϲԴˣɱ϶ǿϲɺءؿɫ˵
뵽϶𱻻ɱؿ˶ͷȡ
ΪһǱضõ˵ĽȻɱ϶ȫǾһģǱϾһС顣Ҳ˵Ƕܸմ⡣Գ⣬Ҳܺȿ
ʲôϲɺصģҲһЩɱ¾֡˵
Դˣɱ˾϶𣬵õĽɲһɱ¾֡ؿ˵
ŶЩ档
϶ͨϵǿڣڵھλκɱ϶𣬶õĸ߶͡ؿ˵
ͨ񣿡һ
֮ǰɲ֪ʲôͨ񣬸֪϶ͨϵĴڡڿɱ϶ܵõĳ͡ɱͨھŵľ϶𣬽Ӧòٰɣ⵹֮ϲ
֮⣬Դ˵֣Ҳ쳹򡣡ؿ˵
⻰ԵǲΪȻûʲôȤ
Դˣ㡭㲻ǴؾΪ𣿡ʱžԡ
뵽ǰڻľԣ˿ֲĴڡ֪ǿ϶ǰкһֱΪԵʵһЩ
ҵķУȷʵǴؾδﵽЦŶ˵
ԵĻ˶Ȼò˼顣ؾ飬ȻܻɱĲ˭ţؿҲʶ㣬δ˵˿µĴؾ顣
Դˣ
ǽͻȻϥһ˵ϣߵݾԡ
ԴˣǰҶ֪ΪԴð֮뾰ԴһҪԭҰɥ
㱻Ƶˡ
ɱ¾֮ͶԾԡ̸ֹζԾð˿ûζԾԵӡһֱΪֻͨؾ۷飬ġڲףش
ԣǾһָ
˵ʵԼЩ棬Լôܻڵġ
޾УЩǿĴڣһȷʵҲԽС߾ǣС߸ðǿڣǾԼˡ
ڵĽͷǳ¾ԽŪ֣ûκλ֮
ɣɨ˽һۡ
ǰȷʵþЩáԵΪЩԼͳŪԷȻˣҪھ󻹼ԲѷǾҲ
ýǲվ
ɣˣҪɱ㣬ˣڡüٴ˵
仰Ÿվ
λƬ½ϣӦûˡѾӦһЩϢ½ԭסƺһЩšǣȥǽȺ󣬾ͿԻȥύˡ˵
ǣ˶ûκ
ָ֮֮£ԺܿҵȻڵԭס
Щԭס񣬴ûԼбȵĻᡣǿԵ˳ֵʱ򣬶סˡ
ϳˣǽƬ½ɱ¾ߣǰھ϶ų֮Уɱ¾ߡ
ǣ϶أ
Ƭ½ԭӦǲġڣֻʣˡ̾һ
ǣþˣԽŶЩԭס˵
һ֣ӿһݻ١סЩʧЩ飬ɡ
ǵþˣ
ĵþˣ
⼸λ˾ǣ
л˾֮Щɫϲ׷׹ȥлǡ


1834 ύ
ھԵǰѹѹһȺԭס飬и̾Ե˹¡
Ƭ½ɻлŵı飿Щˣƽʵ
ػɱ¾ߴ˻Ƭ½ϣҲЩ黹ˡģҪôҪôɵˡһԭס̧̧ͷӦ˵
Щɻ
ΪǰӡһɫԲӡǣ˵һɱ¾߶ǣһˡھߣжɱ¾ߡΪοµˣȴɱ¾߶أ
ȻˣȻк棬ҲҶʡ
ţƬ½ѾɱǰȫˣɢȥɣǣҸˡԵ˵ͷ
Ƭ½ȻǲܼġЩµﻹ뿪Ƭ΢ʹ½ͲǾԸùܵˡ
λ߰ɣֿؿˡ
Դ֮ؿ˶̻Ӧ˵
Щԭס񿴵һĻľˡǶɱ¾ߣȻһ˿ڳƴˡ
̫ˡ
ңѱɱǸ϶
Щԭסɻ󲻽ĿУԵɱ¾Ѿ뿪Уؿһһۣ˵ϻۣʱ½ء
Դˣһۣɱ¾ĻûȡٶϣЩ󡣡ؿžԣЦһ
һۣٶȷʵԶԶɱ¾ĻۡҲȾϵĻҪܶࡣ
ɱ¾ߴɱ¾ȡɱ¾һ£ɱ¾Ḻɱ¾͵ص㡣ǣɱ¾Ḻɱ¾߽ӻءɱ¾ҪԼء
һѾˣҵĻҪ졣Ц
Ŷؿһ£ѵԴûиõĻۣ
ԴǾϲһۣҿԽ͸ˡؿ̾˵
һĻۣɲˣԼҪһöǳʯ򵽡
ؿѲؿĻۣ˵ǿп޵ģû̫áԾܾ˹ؿĺ⡣
ҲǣԴǿߣӦóɱ¾ǸƷĻۡؿЦ
ʮ꣬Եɱ¾ߣصǰĴ½
ƬĴ½Ҳûо֡Ƭ½ģ̫СˣڻУֻЩȽϴĴ½й̶֡й̶֣ںԵĻͼϣҲע
ˣֱȥɱ¾׼ύڣ˶ЩȻ鱨ƫоաò˵ҿоԣǾԣǹؿĸˣǱɣǸ޷Ӿ϶ӵ
Ҫύɱ¾񣡡ˣһɱ¾Աǰ
⹤ԱһŮԣӢɱ¾ܾˣɱ¾߽ȡύ
һύ񣬾֪ԵˣСһɱ¾
ԾԵ˵ͷ˵ǵƽҰɡ
ˣνƵݸӢ
Ӣ΢һ˵ǽȡǹٷСһ
Ӣһ
ȷɹ̣Ȼ佱֡ɱ¾ֵĽ䣬ɱ¾һױ׼ɲġɱ¾ڽйУܻһЩ仯Щ仯ᵼ½仯ȻСԱеı֣ɱ¾ְͷ䡣
ԵˣӢһƫ֮С
λɱ¾ߣ飡ӢԾԵ˵
Ժ֮⣬˶̶Ϥˡ
ԺҲָʾվƫһ΢͹ƽ̨档
Ƭ̺󣬱һ޵ĵ١뵱ԵǼǳΪɱ¾ʱٵȫһ
ʱӢԭûʲôϣȴǳһĨ֮ɫ
ô£
⡭⡭
ԣˣǣ̽ôأ
һ񣬾ȻȻС񣡡
ԿھԵ˵Ϸɫ⻷ҫǳһôɫ⻷Ӧһɫ⻷ʹɱ¾
ɾǽȡɱ¾񣬾һ
ӢЩ벻ͨǼ̳⡣
ɱ¾ڽйУȷʵһЩǣһδŵġ£һɶ񶼷ǳӢһɱ¾ڹôʱ䣬Ҳͼһһڴһֱ˵˵ûС
˵ˣѶֱӴһǽȡɱ¾ߣƺҲǲɱ¾ôȡһ


1835 ˼ı仯
ɱ¾ߣһ㶼Ĳǿߣ岽ǿΪǼǻɱ¾ʱ䲻Ҳɱ¾ߡ
ȻˣһЩʵȽϵ͵飬Ϊɵ࣬Ҳɱ¾ߡ飬Ͳҽȡ߸ڶɱ¾ǶͨһۼƳ㹻ɱ¾֡
ʱӢŨŨɻɫžԵɱ¾ߡɱ¾ߣֻһǶɱ¾ߣһɱ¾ߣʣ˶ѡĶ飬ɱ¾ģ
ˣ
һ˿΢΢𶯡
ţƫڳһûκθ
ʮСɱ¾񣬹ƻɱ¾֣޸Ļе˵
ɱ¾֣
ʮСɱ¾
⵽ʲô
Ӣ΢΢һ඼ݺһ¡
ɱ¾ɱ¾Ҳǲһģɱ¾иСʮСԼʮС񣬻дͳʱɱ¾
УʮСһ˵ͬȼѶġһһȥɺҪʮȥɣѶȿ϶һ
ڣˣȴʮСɱ¾񡣽ɱ¾֣֮ࡣ
Ҫ֪һһСһǽһʮӡʮ֣˸ַ䡣ƽĻÿ˾֡ʮСһǽֻ༸һвʮС
һɱ¾Ҫɱ¾ȥɵĻѵȼҲɱ¾񣬾ͻһЩʮСУʮС񡣶ҲиСʮС
Ƿֱӷ˴ɱ¾֣ûиĻеٴδ
һ£˴ɱ¾Ҫһ顣Ӣ˵

Ӣ仰˵꣬ھԵͷϷɫԲʧƫڵ̽Ҳɢ
λɱ¾ߣԵƬ̡ӢԾԵ˵
뿪ƫ
ô£𣿡ü
Դ˲صģһɵ̫⣬ֱӴһСʮ˵ɱ¾ǹԱֻҲǱסˣҪɱ¾߲¡ɵɱ¾񣬿϶û⡣ؿæ˵
ʱؿˣɫ죬񾫹
Żеֵʱǿɶúܽɱ¾֡Щ֣뾰ԿڴĸˣȻܵõһɱ¾öɱ¾֡
ԭǾһȰɡԵͷ
ӢƫֱӾͽɱ¾ڵС
Ӣ𣿡һɫӣӢʵ
ˣɱ¾ĵ
ȻֻƬ½ɱ¾ĵڵطϸɱ¾ˡʵҲǱȽǿģ̤岽ǿߣʵǲģܱȾ΢ǿһ㡣
ˣһֵ顣ӢС˵
ţʲô˵ɡͷ˵
Ҳû̫ӡ
һ֧ȡһٷɱ¾Ķ飬ŻύҴǰ̽ɲ֪ΪΣ̽Ľȴ˵ɱ¾񡣡ӢҲûзϻֱ˵¡
仰ԭ΢΢ŵ۾Ȼˡ
һȷʵЩѰˣһֱ仯Ϊɱ¾񵹻ֱӱɱ¾񣬾ͼĺˡЩĴ½ٳ
վӢʵȷǽȡʱһ
ȷҲûʲôģһǶɱ¾ߣһɱ¾ߣˡĶ飬ֻܽȡһɱ¾񡣡Ӣͷ
һ㣬ǲܸġ
ЩŹˡ
ˣɵɱ¾񣬲ƷʮСѶȵɱ¾񡣽ɱ¾֣ܼ㡣ԣҲӢͷ˵
ʮˡɱ¾ˣˣһΣϢ˱仯
ɱ¾ʲô൱Ȼɱ¾񣬶Ǻѵġһ˵ĲǿߣȡУȡɱ¾ģͨ岽ǿ߶һЩ
ûоֵĻ½ϵɱ¾ܹ߼ɱ¾񣬾ѣǳ٣ܼ꼸ʮŻᷢһ񣬲Ҳһ˽ȡ
ȥһתصı飬Ӣ˵


1836 ֲ˹
ӢҳɣŵԵ̽
κһɱ¾ֻһ̽ԽǴ͵ɱ¾̽ͻԽࡣһɱ¾һĸ̽ɱ¾ߣ֮̽һ
ȻӢ֮Ҳ¹ش
вɣѵ̽⣬½ƫ̽ôִ©
ʣ˾Եɱ¾ڵ̽ս룬ʹӾԵɱ¾ɨ
ˣһ۾ͿԵǰɱ¾ӡǡ
ˣߵҲŶɱ¾ߡ
ˣؿһ۾ϳࡣ
ؿϾǶɱ¾ߣɼʮɱ¾Ҳࡣܲʶʶࡣ
ԺȻʶλƬ½ɱ¾ĵӹؿͺҲʶλոս飬ɱ¾ĵҲǸˡ
λɱ¾ߣλɱ¾ˡˣԼɵɱ¾Ӣڽߵࡣ
ԣɣԵ˵
ԸоʵӦúǿ岽Ρ岽ҲǾǸˡļ棬ֻҲ;俹⡣
Ӣ˵ɵɱ¾ֱ仯һСɱ¾񣬱Сɱ¾ΪȷһԼһ顣˿ԣͷ˵
ºֱһӡ
ʱڣص̽֡
ʮСɱ¾ɡеٴγ֡
һε֮̽ǰһȫͬ
Իֱ̣˵
̽Уɱ¾ɵḶ́ǿԱԻġȻˣȨҲֻɱ¾СӢЩԱûȨ̽ԻɹͼҲҪĺܶġһ£ҲҪԻ
ָ󣬴ڵȻǿɲ֮䣬ھԵͷϷǳһͼͼ֮ڣԵɱ¾߶ɼʱԻģǾԵɱ¾߸ոս΢ʹ½ʱ
ͼϵıãһĻĻ׷ؿֻɱࡣһУ
һĻĻͼҲʱĵͷ
ߵӢĿתԻͼҲĺܣ֪Ϊ̽ҪȷΪɱ¾񣬲ʮ˶ĶѶɱ¾
ؿˣҲǶԻͼؿɼʮɱ¾񣬻ûҪԻȷϵġ
ĿǰΪֹһƺһһɱ¾ҲͨĵΡת
һɫҲ΢΢һ䡣ԻͼʾٶȺܿ죬Եɱ¾߻ɱδ뿪΢ʹ½ּ롣ѵ΢ʹ½ϣﲻɣ
ʶš
ɻ󣬺ܿ͵õ˽ԻͼУһӴӰ١
Ȼ񣬳˱仯
Ե˽ȡɱ¾һٷɱ¾鱨ϢУ˵Ƭ΢ʹ½ֻһΪͨҲעһһٷɱ¾
ڣѾֵڶ
Իͼ֮УؿǼڶ̾ߡȻǿ󣬽ؿ˶ס
ǡߣŵڶ
ʲô
ôܣ
϶𣿡̫𾪣
϶ȻʶһǿĲΪȻĲΪԣԾ岽ǿߣδǾ϶֡
϶𣬻ͨϵĴڣλеھšĸ߲㣬Ū϶𣬶϶ȴһֱúúõġ
϶ô΢ʹ½ϣ
Ȼ϶΢ʹ½ϣɱ¾ߣôȫģѵ϶ͻȻģŹɱ¾ߣ
Ļ棬͸ˣ΢΢ߵӢҲ¶ȻɫǿĻ棬Ǿ϶ɱĳ档
̲㳤Ի͸ˣһЩսϸڶԵˡһȷǣԵʵǿ󡣵Ե϶ɱս϶ɱǾ϶ߣȴûܳɹ
Իͼʧƫڣʱĳ֮С
žԡŵĻ棬̫˷˼ˣҪһᡣ޷ǣɱ¾߾ԣֻһؾ۷飬սΪΡֲ˹


1837 Ļ
һؾΪ飬ɱ϶
ֻԼƺе㲻á
ɹ𣿡ԼϷԻͼʧˣ໹վﲻ㿪ʵ
Ŷ෴Ӧ
û⣬˴ɱ¾ɹ̣ûκ⡣û뵽϶𣬾ȻͲǸ΢ʹ½ϡп˵
˴ɱ¾񣬵ȼΪʮСɱ¾ֹƽ㣬Ƿ䣿еٶȴ
䣡˵
̶Իˣ϶ɱѶȴﵽʮСɱ¾һⶼûС
Աоӿ
ӣԾ쵽ǰɱ¾ӡҲ˱仯֮ǰĻɫԲɫ󣬵ڶԲ֣Բ֣ĸԲ֡һĸԲ֯һ𣬷ǳĿ
Ļɱ¾ߣ
ֻһɱ¾񣬾ֱӴ˱Ļɱ¾ߡ£ǲܵ顣Ϊɱ¾ߣֻܽȡһɱ¾񡣾ЩʵΪǿ飬Ϊɱ¾ߣҲҪۣһɱ¾߿ʼ
ȫ⡣
ؿˣҲһϲɫ
ǰĻɫԲҲұ֮⣬ɯͽǰɫԲͬˣɱ¾ȼҲˡؿǰɫԲάûΪɱ¾ߡ
һ鿴Լɱ¾ӡǡɱ¾֣ʹ洢ɱ¾ӡ֮ڡ
һǧٵ㣡
ɱ¾񣬽ɱ¾ֹ㡣һˣͶһǧٵ㡣
ؿĸ˼ŵõٵ㡣
ȻˣȻĸһٵ㣬Ҳܶˡ
ҵõһٵɱ¾֣˿ԣС˵
Ϊһˣһ񣬾͵õһٵɱ¾֣ġ˵һһٷɱ¾Ҳܵõɱ¾֡һٵɱ¾֣ǵɼʮһɱ¾
һٵɱ¾֣ɱ¾ܶһʮöǳʯһ룬Щˡ
ҲǷֵһٵɱ¾֡
ţһٵɱ¾֡ɯͽҲȺ˵
Ƿֵ˶ٵɱ¾֡ؿЩ˵
ؿɯˣڴ˴УɱࡣڻɱУؿǾɯֻǸңɯ֣ؿһҲܹɱġ
ԣ̽ֱӸؿٵ֡ڽɯˣû־һˡ
ô˵ĸˣմ˾ԵĹ⡣ǾԣǶԲܵõ˶ɱ¾֡
ɷһ˵ʱԾ˵
Կ˿˵ͷ
˵ỰҡԶ˵
õġӦ
žԣֱȥڵ
ؿĸˣƫҲ̽
ؿͦģɱ¾ֽȡ𣿡Уһɱ¾ʶؿЦŶԹؿʵ
ȡˡؿЦ
ף
԰Ǽˡô£ҼǵǼ֮ǰһɱ¾߰ôɶɱ¾ˣע⵽˽ǰɱ¾ӡǡ
֮ǰֻйؿǶɱ¾ߣڣĸǰȻȫɫԲ֯
ǺǣãһЩؿЦ˵һ䣬ûж͡
λѣγƺҲûʣĿ⿴ЦеĴк
ҽӦ
ԵЩн
ֽľؿʶܾˡľԼ
òƯԾʶʶĿǰҲûе£Ϊ£ƺҲ
ľ㻹ǱǵС˼ˡѣܽӴġؿֱ˵
ʲôЦ
ߵˣǿǾԴˣ뾰ԴʶʱҲһԴ˶ôһ˼أľǸоҲġ
ңڷţԴ˻רڴȺ򡣾ԴˣûؿɯȺ˵Դ˶࿴ˡ
ؿʲô˼ѵʲôϵľ۾һŹؿ˵
ûʲôĹϵΪáѣ治ľȾָġؿҲ˵
գʱЩ
ôˣ˵ؿľô£һɱ¾߹
ڴУɱ¾߾ͼˡ⼸ɱ¾ߣ֮䶼ʶǰһɹɱ¾

뾰Խɱ¾ڵ뾰¡
˵ʲôԵʵ


1838 ֺ
࿴žԣд
Ϊɱ¾ߣȷʵǴؾ۷Ϊܹɱ϶ʵԳ󲿷岽ǿߡ
ѯʣ˵Ӧ֪Ǿ϶ͨλеھŵĴڡ
ţ֪Եͷ
֮ǰؿ˵¡
ͨϣһЩ񼫵飬
ʵ޾УںܶȣƵͨЩͨϣﾳǿڡ
϶ɱǿȡһݸ߶ġţѾӰ񴫸ɱ¾ܵˣܵҲ˵ˣὫϢ͸ĹҪõݳͣҪǰĵ۶˵
ɱ¾޾УĻ½ϣзֲģֻһ½ɱ¾ֲĵ
֮ϣܵ
ܵһḺһȵɱ¾ֲһЩǿܵƿضȵɱ¾ֲ
˵ܵǸɱ¾ˣһﾳǿڣƽƽġ˵ܵԵȴҵܵ
Ҳ
޾УһȽͨĹȣǿĹкܶࡣɱ¾ȷʵֵһᡣɱ¾ռͬ齨Ļһ̶϶ԣɱ¾ǿġɱ¾ڲΪռͬƣҲһġڲҲʱ޿̲ڽС
˵ⷬԵЩ⡣
֪ɱ϶ܵõһݳ͡ǣݳɱ¾ƺûʲôϵλΪҪİæأ
æҺܸлֻǣ֪ΪҪңֱʵ
ҾͲµôʡ
ȷʵˣҿ²£ٲȥСæǣҿǿɱ϶ʱʹõһֶΡϵһֶΣɵƣЦһ
Կ࣬˵ȥ
ɵƣǺ칬֮أǺ缶طں칬ڲֻмܹʸ룬ضǺ칬ġҲֻһܣܽ;ƾؾ۷Ϊɱ϶¡ȿžԡ
֪֪֪⸺ܵˣǺ칬һԱ˵һ䡣
ԶʱȻȫˡ
ܵȻǺ칬һԱѹ֣æһмֺõ˼
˵ԵĺɵƣǺԴڵģǾԵİʦˡ
ȻǺ칬Ա˵ǱȽϺĵĳԱ
ˣлˡԵͷ
ؿӦġæ
ȻûֱӳԼǺ칬ĳԱڵ̬Ҳܿóˡ
࣬ȷʵǳֺþԡ
ֻǴؾΪȴɱ϶Ժǰ;ھԲǺ칬߲㣬ԺҲضżǱ뾰Խãֻкôûл
˼䡣
֮󣬾˵ɱ¾ֽӽ㣬һһЩҪԴԶһ𣿡
Ȼԣ
ҪһκԴֻҪеģԡȻˣҲҪɱ¾㹻ȻֲĵȴҲʡ°ѱͷͳ
ȻЦЦ
ûռˡӽ֣ӦҲܶһԴˡ
Ҵȥ⣬ǺǣȻֻǷֲȴҲмԴ΢Ц
˵ţžԳڵ
ʱ򣬴еգȴЩ졣
Ϊãؿ
λǰûʸ˵ʲôؿľ
ľƺҲΪؿŭ
ԭƯԾʶһ£ҲǱġǣΪؿúûӡڣвٻɱ¾ߵģһһ㣬ܱܲؿһ仰ŵò˵ˡ
ҵҪһλˣľ˵
ԱҲмɱ¾ؿľϤҲȰ⣬ؿ˿á
ߣҾѺһкβɣľֿһЩڵ
治֪δ
ؿô£ǰɲôġľ֣ҲλŮһѡһɱ¾ü˵


1839 ȥ
Ƭ½ϣɱ¾ߵȼȽϸߵģһ㶼Ϊ
ʱɱ¾ڣϽɯˣҲֻвʮɱ¾ߡˣһɱ¾ߡȼɱ¾ߣһ
Уؿ̬ȣûκء
ľԼҲˡؿԼɲиһӡ󣬲ô˵ľһָͷ
ϣһͲˣ죬һ͡ľðĳ˻
㻹ʲô
һڵ
Ժ࣬˳
ɫɫҲЩÿ
ؿȼ뾰һСɱ¾ģղţƫԲ鿴Ի
ˣ
ľ˿࣬ɫһЩɱ¾ߣٶ౾ˡ
һ
ΪǿһģȻһλĻɱ¾ߡ
½ϣĻɱ¾ߣǲܼġɱ¾߶ϡУɱ¾ڣƽʱͿɱ¾ߵټ
ɱ¾߿ʹóԾƬ½ɱ¾ߣҲᴫ͵Ĵ½͵£Ƭ½㾭ķչҲܼɱ¾ߡ
ڣȴһĻɱ¾ߡǰĸ֯ɫԲɲǼٵģһ߹ġ
㻰أԿЩʧľ
ľŷӦ
㣬ղ˵ʲôԶľٴʵ
ҡľʶλĻɱ¾ߴˣƺʶ
ؿҲ֪һ㣬ԲŻǰ̬ȡ˲䣬ЩˡȻʶĻɱ¾ߴˣǾԲԼܵġ
ֻǡֻʶλѡľкȻҲҲش
ףˣ֮ǰҼ𣿡ϳԡ
ûƺˣؿһȡһСɱ¾񡣡У;Եˣˡ
ʶ𣿡Կ
˿ԣ΢΢ҡͷ
ʶڣԹȥˣޱȵ
ľɫúѿ衣
ɱ¾˵ûʲôλƾʲôҪҹѵҪ˲ɣľƺҲȥˣΪɱ¾ڣĻɱ¾ҲҶԼ֡
ҲһЩۣ֪ǰˣ֪ΪͻȻĻɱ¾ˡʵҲ̫ǿᡣ˵ˣԼôҲΪ
ˣգұˣΣǸһĨЦ
䣡ҲûԶϣһͻȻ
û̫ţǼۣȻ䣬ľȥ
ۣľм֮壬һ𣬴ɱ¾ţ˳ȥ
ȫˣĿɿڴһĻ
ǰټԣ֪˵ˣھԳ֮ǰԾԵʵɣ²ǲʲô顣ڣǶȷˣλĻɱ¾ߴ˵ʵֲ˼㡣
Բδɱľֻǳָһѵ
ɳɱ¾ľֵϣʧǵվһʲôģȫʧˣȡ֮ģһֽٺĸо˿ɱ¾ٽȥһתٵˡ
λѡԺ󣬻Ҫ鷳Ӧһ¡Զ˵
İɣƬ½ϣұ֤Ժû˸۸ѡ˵
ϣϲɫ
Ҫæûκβ⣬෴Ļϲ顣λԣעƽǷԼ飬Ǽֵ޷
ԼȻҲ֪һ㡣
Ժ͵ĶԻʱڵЩɱ¾ߣĽ֪ˣԺƬ½ϣܹˡ
ɫЩĿ˾һۣк˼룬ԴΪ˰ңѵӦôأ
žһɱ¾ı⡣
ĿɨĿĸԴߵࡣ
Ҳ֪Լ֣޷һҲֻǣһʡɱ¾ӦŪһЩ

ǺǣǶɲͨԴռԱҲӦ֪Ƕ綼ǷǳϡȱġһֲȻдġ۶ɱ¾дǣΪͼҲҪʮƵɱ¾ֲܶһεЦЦ˵


1840 һ
ҲȻĵ˵ͷ
΢ʹ½ɱ϶ûܻ֤ⷬһ㣬ﱻɱ뵳ļȷʵ͡
ΪͼһҪʮƵɱ¾֡ʮɱ¾֣ɶɱ¾
һʮСɱ¾񣬲Žɱ¾ֶѡ
ĸԴ
һһַۺɫֲĶ
Ƿۺݣ΢΢һ
ԣǷۺݡһ˵
ۺݿֲҲƺֲʵֲһּԴڻУһֱΪۺˡ壬ۺݱȻ֮γɵĽᾧ
ۺݼֵҲǷǳģһǿߣ
һۺݣҪɱ¾ֶһͷ΢΢ȡ
ĺɵƣѾ㼫ޣȴסˡۺݣܸɵƽĲ㡣ȻˣۺݶطмǿЧ
ۺǺԴһĻҪǧɱ¾֡˵
Ҷһۺݣ۸ھԵ֮С
˵Ҫһ¶Цı顣
һֲһۺݡεĵ
ԽԴһҲԽ١ฺķֲɱ¾Ҳܴ̫ۺϡԴ
Ǿȶһɣü
һɱ¾ֲֻۺݣҲܸƾձۺݡ
ۺݣһҪǧɱ¾֡
һۺ֮⣬Իһ곺ϻʯһǧöǳʯ
һһǧöǳʯͺķǧɱ¾֡
ʮСɱ¾񣬾ԻõĽӽɱ¾̶֣ʱڣ˳һǧ֡ʣµĻֻ֣һǧˡ
ӱ˼ǡ
ɱ¾ĴУ
ʱûģ֪Զʲô˼Եô棬ɱ¾˹ԼѵǶԼǷ˼Լôأ
ǴӦǾܾ
ǱȽֵģڼ½£δй¡֮ǰûⷽ顣
ڡ
Ե㣬ЩԲλ࣬Լ䲻ϾԡóҲᣬͶû󡣿ᣬɱ϶ǰ;޷ƾʲô뾰ԳΪأ
˼֮УԳˡ

ԽԼ֣æվɫЩ󣬾ֹ֮֮ɫ
ؿˣѾ뿪ˡ
ԴˡͷС
ѣҴԺ뿪һ½ǰĵ۶Զ˵
̧ͷ˾һֵۣͷ
֮ǰѾæԺ㣬Ƭ½û˸Ҷ񡣡˵
ǽԵǻټĻᡣԶ뷨
ڼ棬аѩ͸߷
뿪棬ĿľǾʵȴﾳػ治в
òȻԸҲͦãȷʵûΪµ뷨
֪ˣлԴˡ˵ЩҲˡ
ȻûŮ֮ľҲѩӾⷬУ֪ԶԼûǷ˼һͬʱЩʧ䡣
ߣһȥ¥Ժһ١ȻҾ͸öˡЦ˵
ʹʹһ٣ֱƿصĳ
ڳפûһݵλ飬ûʸʹóġ
ھĻɱ¾ߣʹóû⡣
󸽽ȻЩɢǰĸɫԲ֯һƺԴˡ
Ļɱ¾ߣλȷʵȽϸߵģƫĹ
ȻˣʹĳҲҪ֧áﴫ͵۶Ҫʮöǳʯãȷʵܲ͡ʮöǳʯǾҪʮɱ¾֣Ǵһεķá
û˵ʲôֱӽǳʯȻ뿪
ղλˣİĺܣ֪ʲôͷ
Ҳûȷʵ֣Сͻ½ϣȻĻɱ¾ߴ˳û
Ϊ˿Ҳ󡣡
˵ЩʲôûϵǣֻҪغóˡ
ھԴ뿪ҲһᡣǣȷʵټĻɱ¾ߣɱ¾ͨܳʱŻһΡ


1841 ܵ
볬ٳǵִ۶
۶ҲһƬ½
޾Уڶ½һԪ档ȣƿصľһƬ
Ȼˣ۶½ǷǳӴġô˵ﶼһȵĵ۶ڣһȵĺġ
ӴһЩĿ⿴ԣڼǰĻɱ¾ݱʶ󣬱㶼΢΢
ಣ
׼ܻһӰ˽ǰ
Ǿ˶Ծʵ
ǾԡԵͷ
۶ɱ¾¯룬֮ڴ˵Ⱥĵ¯Լ񣬿˵
еĵܵ
Ȼǰλ֪ܵͨܵԼ۶רӭӣҽԵӰ¯뿴
͵ˡæ˵
Ҫ㡣¯ֹԾ˵
¯룬۶ɱ¾
ɱ֮ǰ½ɱ¾ֶˡɱ¾ɱ¾߶洦ɼɱ¾ߣżܿ
ɱ¾ڴڣɱ¾߾͸ˣǧɱ¾߾ۼ鿴־ڣа˿־ʯǹٷɱ¾˽ɱ¾Ϣܶࡣ
¯žԽвĿ⿴ǣǰĸɫԲ󣬱㶼ɫ΢ջĿ⡣
۶֮УĻɱ¾ҲȻ˵£ɱ¾ֿۻɱ¾ȼǣʵĻֻȡͼɱ¾׬ȡٶǷǳġ
ңһɱ¾ͨҪǧɡһü֣ʲôʱĻ
һֻҪһٵɱ¾֡ӶҪһǧ֣ĻҪһ֡Ļ廷Ҫʮɱ¾֣ѾѰܴﵽˡ
ɱ¾񣬱ҲǺյģŪþͻ
۶Ļɱ¾Ҳһ
¯žԣֱǰɱ¾ڵ
ˣѾִ¯վһ֮
ˣɣ洫һ
Խ䣬һгӡ
λɱ¾ܵҲ֪λܵǺ칬Ա
ܵԹ
ô⣬˵ֻܵѡֽк׾ţԽҺ׾ʦ֡ӣԾЦЦ
˵ഫҵӰҾͷᣬڼ棬еĻҪᡣֻ²ǧɣ
׾ʦֲµûҲ˳ƽжԷΪʦ֡
ΪȻŴؾδﵽȴɱ϶Ǹʵ̾˵ʵҸտഫӰʱҲһֻǴؾս̤ǻˣ׾΢Ц˵
ԣӦ˵ˣҲǺ칬ĳԱں칬һʱ䣬Ҳкܾûȥˡһֱ칬Ϣ磬û˵칬꣬ôɫĵӳ֡׾ż˵
׾ʦ˵ûʵǴһڳߡɵƣҲڣԵɺϲŵûԼ
ԷǺ칬ԱҲ֪Լ˺ɵƣȫûҪԼңܸоλ׾ʦ֣ҲӦò³Լ
ѹˣ׾ŵ˵ͷ
ԣõɵƣĴԵǰû칬Ӵ˺ɵƣⱲע޷칬ָˡɵƣǺ칬ط칬ڣҲټл׾Ż˵š
һЩں칬飬Ҳš
칬Ϊ޾ռ֮һʵǷǳֲġ칬֮ڣﾳǿкܶࡣ׾ﾳŲϺţűŵɱ¾Ĺ
׾Ż߾ԣԴ֮أҲǷǳǳңԶյĳ󲻶ϸ·ҲҪķѼʱ䣬ϾһЩط󶼲ִܵġңʹó󣬺ķҲǷǳ
ʹһγ󣬾ҪʮöǳʯǴ͵֮ԶطҪǳʯǼαġ
׾˵˲ٹں칬ռϢԼЩռ֮Ĺϵ
ŶԾ˵ԣ֮ǰĹйͨͻ㡣ɱ϶Ľʱ㡣


1842 Ĳɵ
׾ţžɱ¾ס
һţҲȻܣϾǺ׾ʦֺ⣬ƴǣֻ»ú׾ʦвá
˵ǳȥס¥Ҳһʻѡ
Ȼ˵ھͻԼЩﾳǿ˵ܼꡢʮ궼Ǻܶݵʱ䡣ԣҲȷʵȷʲôʱԼ
ʱ䣬Ҿͼкɵơ˷ۺݵ︨ټǧöǳʯӦÿͻˡת
ǳʯ̺Ѿ̽ⶫȷʵ׾Ҫõöࡣһöǳʯ̺мʮö׾̺ôࡣ
Ծסɱ¾
ʱһĹȥ
Դ󲿷ʱ䶼кɵƣҲȥɱ¾־һɱ¾ɱ¾Ƚ϶࣬ɱ¾һЩҲʱг֡
ڽϳһʱԷ֣ɱ¾ҲǸ˻СٺܶࡣҪһλɱ¾֣ǲ̫ܵġһɱ¾Ǹ˵ģһνһǧɱ¾ֶûС
񣬾ȷʵû̫˼ȡһһǧɱ¾֣׬ȡٶ̫ˡ
Ȱɣ
Ļɱ¾֡Ļɱ¾񣬼Ǹ˵ģǽҲɱ¾֡ĵȴš
һ졣
ɱ¾ڵһڵľԣȫ΢΢һܣɫ֡˵ϢɲǼ䷢ı仯
Գĺһ
ɹˣ
̫ˣɵƣյĲ㡣ķ˽ӽۺݣöǳʯڳɹˣ˫Ŀϲɫ
˵Ĳɵƣʵ֮
һһɫǰۣһͼͼϣƥⲻҫ
ĲɵͼȵǿöࡣڣǾ϶Ȳ彻֣ɱ϶͸ˡԵ˵
ɵƣΪռ칬طȷʵֲطҲ޾УΪĻ缶ط
ɵоŸΣ߲ܽΣ޾磬Ҳûˡ
ҵľ硭֪Ҫãܽ
ҲȱԴҵ̫Ӵͻƾȹ̶ѣҪһöԴ֮ͻ֮Ҳ˾ε۷壬ֻһܴﵽɲΡһͻƣҪԴ֧Žӯڷڣ˼ת
ɱ¾ɱ¾ǿ׬ȡԴ;ЩߵҪĵȴġüʮüʮܶ
ԣ
ʱһԸ֪
Ǻ׾ʦ֣һ
뿪䣬ź׾ʦסȥ
ԣҽӵѶϢʱԼˡ׾ʦЦŶԾ˵
ţ͹ȥԵͷ
һȥȥߡ׾ʦֿž˵
Ӱйٷȥ
ɣԿǰĹй̾˵
ǰϾǻȵĹסȻܲˡҲʲôԴ֮ЩռıͲ̫ˡԣȥԴ֮أǺ칬ˡ׾ʦ΢Ц˵
ҲȻĵͷ
ִй֮ǰһ岽ǿߵȺ˿Ժͺ׾ţӭǰǰžԺͺ׾һ·ͨй
йһƧլԺڣԿһɫۣͷӡ
˿׾뾰ǰҲȻվ¶еЦݡ
׾ŵѣɫӣź׾Ź˹֡
Ԭ׾ҲЦŹֻ
ɫӣԬ棬һﾳǿߣҲȣΨһﾳǿߡ׾ŵȻҲﾳ飬ռ칬Ա
λǾС˰ɣԬתĿԣеת
Լæ
СѲض֪۶һʱˡ֮ǰЩҪŴԵõˡԬ֮ܿ˾ӡ
̫ˡ˼ҸӣԵȻҲд̬һЩû
λԬ˸ƣ뾰Ժͺ׾¡
СѣɱǾ϶ӰѾˡ޷ƾؾΪ˿ֲսǾ϶ͨϵ飬ˣСѿǰæԬ΢̾˵


1843 »
Ԭǲ׷ɱ϶նʧܸա˵԰æû
ˡ΢΢ҡͷǫ˵
ھںģǹĽɱͨھŵľ϶𣬽Ӧò١
Ҳֻ칬ռСšԬ˵
֪Գɵ֮⣬δӺ칬øԴ
ռ칬ԴȻࡣԴӿʼͽ칬ܹʹú칬ĴԴǽд˳ɾͣȻҲ˾̾Ҳ⡣ԣδõ칬̫ǴӻԪߡ
Ԭô˵׾ЦЦҲûȥ͡
ֻ˵ԵԬеĸǿ
ˣôңҿɾͽˡ԰뿪Ц˵
㣿ҿûУСѣ츳̤ﾳǺܴġһ̤ﾳô޾磬㶼ЩͨﾳȷʵҲʲô̤ﾳʵжǿҶ޷⡣Ԭ˵
Ԭ˵ûǴؾɱ϶̤ǿڵо޵˰ɣǴﵽﾳ
Ҫ̤ﾳ㻹кԶ·Ҫأɲܽ׾ʦֿž˵
ʦַģһŬġԵͷ
Сѣԭ򡣡
һɱ϶һݽṩѡ񣬵һһöǳʯڶ֣һ»ѡһֽСԼԬ˵䣬ָһŹ֮֡
ŹУֱƷ
һڣһöǳʯһڣһؽ͸֦״Ʒ
һ
һöǳʯ
ɱ¾һһöǳʯǾɱ¾ְЩˡ
ԤϵóĽ϶̫ᡣǣķ̶ȣǳ˾ԵݽһʮСٷɱ¾Ҫ߳һࡣ
ɱһͨھŵľ϶𣬾˾˽
Ե˼תԼǲӦýͨȫ鶼ɱһ㣬õĽֵ¶ϰɱ¾ȡ
ڵڶƷ»һظⶫԲʶ
뿪ʱ䲻̫ȻҲ˽޾ֱǣƺû˵»
Ԭóֽһһöǳʯһ»ĸþԼѡ˵һ»ֵһöǳʯȡ
ԥУ˿ߵĺ׾ʦ֣õһʾԼӦѡһ
Կ׾ʦֵҲһʱĺ׾ʦ֣Ȼ»
ѵ»ǳ󣿼ֵҪһöǳʯɣ
Ԭ㡭Ǻôֱʰ׾ž̾˵
ʦ֣Խһ
ԣûʲôԥģȻҪѡ»׾ֱӶԾ˵
ˣҾѡ»ԿɲΪ׾ŻԼ
ǺǣҾ֪ԬЦЦ
ֱһӣһöǳʯһ»ȴǷɵ˾ǰ
ǣüͷһ»ϣûиоκⶫЩ֦ͨûʲôӡ
ɡȻȥ˵˵⵽Ǻ׾ſԱ飬Ͳµе뷨Ц˵
š»
Ԭ˵ԣԭ򡣵һǸɱ϶ôڶԭأ׾ſԬ
׾ŵѣӦ˵˰ɣԬ΢΢һУź׾š

Ԭ˵ģǸ׾ɫ΢΢һ䡣
ԣԬͷǰյһѶϢҰһæǺǣ˵󣬵ʵҲûʲôССΥأ
ţ֪֮ӣҪԬʲôæ׾ʵ
֮ӣ
һƺǶĳһĳƺһȺĳƺ֮ӣһȺ顣Ⱥ飬ѡȷľšǻʱ粻̫ߣżĳȻλ
Ԭ˵ĵһ֮ӡ
׾Ǻ칬ĳԱȻȽ˽⡣˵ÿһ֣֮׾Ŷ֪ͬһ˽⡣


1844 廷ɱ¾
֮λߣȺ칬ĵӸ
ѡγ֮ӵḶ́Ҳҡ̣ΪʬɽѪΪո¶ͷǵģ츳ֲҲǼᣬϲ֪մ˶ŵѪ
ԣԬﾳǿߣ˵֮ʱ硣ԬȻ֮ӵ£֮æѹءԣ֮˵æѶϢеҲû
Ҫ飬ʵԽǿԽáԬ˵
˵Ϊ𣿡׾ʵ
û˵ʲô飬ӦҪְɣǰʹѶҰæҲ⣬뼸ʵǿ岽йӴڼǰͨһѶϢҽձɱ¾һ˽ɱ¾룬Ӧǿ˰ɣԬ˵
ȷʵҰ֮֡ӣ֣Ӧúܼ򵥰ɣΪҪԬæң׾ɻʵ
ӦͨֱӴ͵򡣺׾ŵҲ֪ȻˣҪһֱӵǺķѵĴǷǳֲġԼ͹ѾǼˣһͣӦҲ𡣡Ԭ˵
Ԭôһ˵׾ŶʱҲˡ
ռΪصһϵҲǿģĸռ޷ȡȷʵܽһδ͵ңԶĵط˵ռ֮ش͵
ĴͣҪĴǷǳǳ˵ģһﾳǿߣҲ޷һΡ
֮ӵδﵽﾳ֮ӣƸͨﾳҲɼˣҲ޷һ͵
ż϶Ƿǳ顣ǲǾûҪķѿֲ۴ͣȫͨһǻʱȽϳ
Ԭ˼ǣþԲͽֻ£Σհ׾ü˵
ţҲ֪ǵҪʲôȷʵҲ޷ųΣԡô⣬ԼԬԡ
һ˶ԻҲôһ¡
ԣûǲҪ֮Ӵ򽻵Ǻ칬ϵ̫á׾ʦֶԾ˵
šԵ˵ͷ
СѣôԼҸν֮˵£Ҫɱ¾һ廷˽ɱ¾񡣽ǳߡԬ˵
Բͻ߲ͣԬȷʵ⡣֮ǰѾӴǿ岽顣⼸岽˲ͣյֻҪˣ׾ҵ뾰˵£ҲǺ⣬Ͼһ廷ɱ¾񣬽ȷʵĶôѡ⡣
廷ɱ¾񣿡ȼһӾͱˡ
һʮС񣬽ɱ¾־㡣廷񣬵ýɱ¾֣
ȼǾɫ΢䡣׾ţɫЩһˡ
ɱ¾ɱ¾ﵽ廷ģǷǳϡٵġǵ۶һɱ¾ڣҲ廷ɱ¾񡣾Ļɱ¾񣬶ǳ١ɱ¾סʱ䣬ȥ־ûĻɱ¾
ԣǵҷ廷ɱ¾ļǿ߰֡ԬͷСȻδ̤ɱǾ϶һ岽룬СѵսҲǶ岽ˡ
ʦ֣廷ɱ¾жɱ¾ֽԿ׾ʵ
ɱ¾ֽǲ̶ġ£һ廷˽ɱ¾񣬻ֽʮ㡣Ҫ˵Ļֿܻ϶ҪϸһЩ׾ų˵
˽ɱ¾˽˷ġҲɷԼ֧廷ɱ¾֮ҪԼ֧Ļ֡
ԣҲܷ˽ڻһǧɱ¾֣һСǿԵġ
ɱ¾ֵ֣ͷҲ΢΢Щ
ˣҪһ¡ԶԬ˵
û⣬ҾǽϢ㣬ô㡣δ죬һɱ¾μӣȡ廷ɱ¾ȷʵҪúÿһ£廷ɱ¾Ȼ񣬵϶ɾɡԬЦЦ˵ҲѾзա
ţлˡԹ˹˵
ÿ׾ŵѣС£ҳݡԬЦŰ˰֡


1845 ȡ
뿪йԺͺ׾Żصɱ¾
ڵһڣԶ
ԣӻԪʱ䲻Ӧò֪»ɣ׾΢Цʵ
ȷʵ˵ʱ䣬Ҳר˽޾ֳ䱦˵»Եͷ
ţ»ǺⱦѰ飬ҲͽӴȻˣ»ĸ룬;ȷʵҲ٣һ鲻õ룬񻪵񻪵ǿЧ׾ŸԽ»ĸ;
ʦ֣һظ룬ǻǳʯԼֵ٣ʡ
̫ñȽϡ»ĸ룬Ҳġĸĸ룬ֵ༫󡣵ȻˣԬĸ룬϶ġĸ룬óΪ㡣ĸ룬ôһصĻ㶼ʮǳʯ׾Ż˵
ʦ֣ô˵»룬ѵ;Ҳ˺ġ
»룬ôֱ۳һأʮǳʯ
ȷʵˡ
ĸ룬ô֮
Ϊĸ;ŵֵߡǣ»ϣ»ġһ»»޾磬޼֮ĶռϧѪȥˡ׾˵
»ֵߵĲֲǸ룬ʵ»ʵһöʵֵϰǳʯ»ʵЧƵ񻪵ơЧȴʮǧ
ô˵ɡһö»ʵȥֵ֮꣬ܵꡣ׾ż˵񻪵ЧͲˡԣһö񻪵ֵҲǳʯ»ʵһöĻпǳʯ
ʹ»ʵֵ꣬ܵꣿ
񣬲ٶѣһ꣬ǵöǿ
ԣȥǺ칬ϣһö»ʵ׾ſžԣЦ˵
׾ʦҲù»ʵ𣿡Ȼʵ
ңҿûǸʸ񡣡׾ҡͷ
ʦֶûùҲ׵õЦһ
Ȼ׵õֵϰǳʯĶɻã׾Ȼ˵
ʦ֣»룬»𣿡ʡ
ѣǳѣֻ˵һγɹӡһɹӣԽĸʮˡɹǿ޼֮ԻȡԴԴϵ»ʵ׾̾˵
ô˵ĸ룬Ҳ϶һǳʯмֵöࡣǳʯ׬»ȴѵáģҲ򵽡׾˵
ţҿк׾ʦѣȻܻѡһǳʯԵ˵ͷ
ʦ֣֮ӵʲôתʵ
֮֮һĿǰ岽Σʵ侪ˡ˵նɱﾳ顣
һϧķѾ˵Ĵۣż͵򣬿϶ҪԭġԣҪǵǣ֮ӶǼײˡǴ򽻵Ūþ͵öС׾Ѿԡ
ţˡԵͷ
ôԼ죬Ԭͻᷢһ廷˽ɱ¾񡣽ȡ߲ȡȫƾԼ׾ٴ˵
ҶҲܺ档ȻȷΣգҾãЩߵģͳΣպ⡣ΣվҲѳΪǿߡԼӦԿԳ˵
ʵڹйʱ򣬾Ѿ˾
Դһˡ
ţҲȰ˵ʲôǣǵӴһҪʱʱСģκ£㶼׾Ŷ˵
ǣԵ
֮۶ɱ¾־ϣһɱ¾Ϣ
廷ɱ¾
ȡֻһҪ岽ΪֻҪ岽Ϊһɱ¾ߣҲԽȡ
Ϣл˵ˣнȡ飬Ҫһѡܹȡģֻ
ǴؾΪƣǲԽȡġ׾Ǹɱ¾ܵҪȡ񣬵Ȼûκġ
ȡ󣬾Կʼչ͸ִ֮֮κһͻƣǾԾͻƵӴؾʵķԾһ̤磬ԾԵսﾳ֮£޵дˡ


1846 񱨳
Ӵؾ۷嵽𵽸߽
ֻһ֮ңҪһȥĲסǾԣҲǺܼѵġ
ǿһЩͻƾͻˡҲΡ
֮ǰѯʹ׾ʦ֡
֪ɱ¾ڣȷʵ٣ҶǱȽϵͼǣͼһȴҪʮɱ¾ֲܶһ
Եϣһǧɱ¾֣ʮ̫ˣ޷һ
һա
ĹԬ棬ɳԼйվй֮⣬ڵȴʲôĵ
Ԭû̫õʱ䣬һӰԶ˼ٷй
һΪߣһϮɫۣòӢֻڣʱ˸ŵ⣬ȫ
Ԭ߿Ԭ棬ʵ
ǣˣ֮ӵѣԬҲ˵
Ԭ֮ǰҲûǵһμ档
ţҾǵ˵ͷ
ѣ룡ԬһĶ
ˣʱͲൢˡίԬæ飬ãֱӾͶԬʵ
ˡȡ飬֮ڣǿ岽Ԭ˵
ǷһĨڽ֮ɫ˵ССʲô̫ɫ岽飿ֻһ·ͻȻûиʱ׼ֻΪ岽顣
ŵĻԬֻܳĬ
Ҳû취
ĻȻҲʵ޾УֻһͨĻȡһе岽ҲȷʵԶԶ޷֮ȡ֮ӣ޾츳ߵһȺ龭㲫ɱűѡģеš
ǰǶǻɱﾳĴڡԬûԵİջܵ
ˣԬȥɱ¾ɡ˵
ãԬӦ˵
ɱ¾ȥ
׾Ϊɱ¾ܵԬŵɱ¾δԬµ׾ſɲ¡
ռ칬ͬҲռ׾ţȻԵ֮ӵͷ֮λ⡣
ҲΪˣʼûֱҺ׾ŰæҺ׾ţ׾Ҳδػ
ռ֮У칬ĹϵãЩšҺ׾Űæ»Լ
Ԭ͵ִɱ¾֮󣬾ԵƾϢݽ
Ҫʼˣеľԣ۾
˫Ŀ֮ڣ΢΢һѸվ˳ȥ
ɱ¾ĹԱԴһ׼ڵȴ
̣һɱ¾ʱࡣ
Ҳ͵õϢνȡ廷ɱ¾ģԼĻһĸˡ
ĸУ֮⣬˶岽ĲΡڣ岽飬պյĴڡУǵսĲΡһ岽ǰ͵סȫ
ΪԾסɱ¾ڵǵһ뷿ġҲû̫ãյʱ䶼Ҳ½߽ˡУԣһŮԡУһ˾ȻѾ廷ɱ¾ߣǰҫĿɫԲ֯
ˣ뾰һĻɱ¾ߡ
ĸȡ廷ɱ¾ȫǵҲڹԱ֮£˷䡣뷿һɨӾɨ
ˣȡҷ廷ɱ¾񣿡ʵ
㷢ģ廷ɱ¾ߣŵʵ
Ȼ֪ʲôˡϢУδᵽݡ֪֮ӣ¾Ͳ˵ˡ
ʵϣڽȡĸУֻо֪ݱˣԬǰǽӴûݡԬ֮ԶԾ˵ϸΪͬ⣬ԬΪǴӺ칬ӡ
û廷ɱ¾񣬾ҷġͷ
Ϣܼªû˵ݣ궼û˵ʣ廷ܱжɱ¾֣廷ɱ¾ʵ
ˣҲŵȻҶ⡣ԣԺܹԼܵõɱ¾֡
꣬ʮɱ¾ֻ֡Ҫˡĸ˽ȡɱ¾ҪУѡ΢΢
ʮɱ¾֣
֣˲ˡ


1847 Ǵؾ
ԣҲȻĶ
ʮɱ¾ְ
ǰ׾ʦҲ˵һ廷ɱ¾Ҳʮɱ¾ֳ͡Сģǳͻֻһϸǲܻﵽʮɱ¾֡
ڣ˵ɱ¾ֳͣȴߴʮɱ¾֡
Ҫ֪Ļɱ¾߽廷ɱ¾ߣҲҪʮɱ¾ֶѡҲ˵ǾԱԴĻ廷ɱ¾ߡ
ɱ¾ȼԵǲ̫⡣ɱ¾֣Կں
ҪĵԴࡣ
ҪһҪʮɱ¾֡㲻һԼɵƣҲҪԴġڣѾյĲɵƣҪյɵƣ֪ҪĶٸԴ
ڼȡ飬ҲһӶ
ʮɱ¾֣ǱصĹƳ͡˴Ǳ⣬ͻϸ˵ı飬ǴЦݼ˵
ʮɱ¾֣Щ岽ջ󼫴󡣲֮ӣҲʲôֱӴ͵һδ͸ĴۣҲ൱ڼɱ¾ࡣ
ҿˡ廷ɱ¾ص˵
ˣҲԾԾԡ
ֻҪˡǣĸ˶ȡҪĸУѡˣֻҪʵǿİ֡˵
Һǰʹﵽ岽۷塣ҵɱ¾ȼҲ廷ɱ¾ߡҵʵȻǿġ廷ɱ¾߿ɨ˵
Ǻǣ˵ú˾Ͳ岽۷һһĻɱ¾Цһ
ĸҪȱһܾˡΨһŮĻɱ¾߿˿תĿԵɱ¾ߡ
Ȼ岽ҲȤԿ˵
ţ
ʲô
㲻岽ڼˣԵĻһ㶡
ʲôΪ廷ɱ¾߿ʵ
Ǵؾ۷Ϊ۾΢Ц˵
˵Լ֮󣬷ڵļˣĶЩסˡ֮ӵ鶼ˣüͷžԡ
Ԭʱ򣬾ͺȷҪ岽ε顣ڣһﲻ岽ȴǣֻһؾ顣Ԭô£
ؾ
СӣһؾҪʲôĻɱ¾žԡ
ѽĽȡȷҪ岽ΪǴؾôܹȡ񣿡ŮĻɱ¾¶ɻɫ
СӣʲôѰģҲӦ
ǰ
ǽȡʱǼ򵥵ϢкȷҪҪ岽ܽȡ񡣱˵СǴؾĲ޷ȡ޷ơ
˶ԻŰĵͷԬǰԼҪ󷢲廷ɱ¾
ȷʵǴؾ۷Ϊҵսȴǲ岽Ҳȡ񡣡ʮȷ˵
˼棬Ҳֶ࣬ɻѵСӣһؾ飿
Ǵؾǳȥ廷ɱ¾߿ص˾һ˵
ȥΪҪλ񷢲߶˵ˣҪ֮ʵǿ۾һӦ˵
СӣǴؾΪôãһؾ飬ܱ岽ǿĻɱ¾Цһ
ĿǰΪֹ⼸˻ȷǲǴؾȷǴؾֱܾӶֽԶȥˡ
㡭ѵǸɱ϶ľԣŮĻɱ¾ߣ·ͻȻ˿žʵ
֣ڣѾˡ
Ͼɱ϶һ顣ǣ϶һؾɱ͸˽ֵˡ
ûҾǾԣ϶ҲǱɱԵͷ
ţ
Ǿԣɱ¾ߣҲ˵ԡ
Ǹɱ϶ľԣô岽ʵһ岽ɱ϶Ĳ
˵ʲô϶˭üʵ
ɲ֪Ծ϶ͨҲûκȤ
ԣȻǴؾΪɱһǿĲŮĻɱ¾߶Ե˵
ŶǴؾһ
һؾɱĲɲ޾磬ҲǺ˵ǿĴؾ顣


1848 żԿ
ɱ¾ߣ֪ǰ˾ǻɱ϶Ǹˣ
϶Ǻܺɱ粻֪ٴˡ
ɱ϶ɷڣʵҲԲС
磬ʵΪʵǿ󣬱˾ηʵСģǫҲδػ࿴һۡ
е˼ˡ֮ӵԼ⻪°͡
ˣҲ˷ʱ䡣ڣҪǵʵÿˣһΡסóǵ汾£ǿʧȥᡣ
˵䣬ֱһڣһ⻪ܡ⻪֮ϣ֮ܲԵĸɱ¾ߣ֪̾ĻһǿķＤġ
廷ɱ¾߿أһվ˵
ˣҲû˼ǻͬ˭˭󣬶޲
ĸˣַÿ˹һαͷŵĵԣҲһΪܹȷõᣬڹʱ򣬶˲ֺɵƵܡ
ò˵ǿò˼顣Ƕ˺ɵƵľԣȻ޷ƿԷΪӦܳﾳǿ߶ιȱֵȻޱȾˡ
оԣһָ˾һ¿˵
ֻУһЩĺ塣
˵Եͷȡ˴Ԥ֮СʵʱһˣҲ͵ǾûаնԸġˣʲô
㣬ҲһָһһĻɱ¾ߡ
ллĻɱ¾һԵ˹֡
ʲô˼ѵұ̭ˣ廷ɱ¾߿ؼѾѡˣвԼ̴Թʵ
ԣ㱻̭ˡҪˣ֮ʵǿȻ廷ɱ¾ߣʵĸȴǵ׵ġʵǿһЩָһŮĻɱ¾ߡ
ⲻܣ
ҵʵô᲻ǣһˣУǵýһԡر̭ƺЩġ
ʮɱ¾֣ȷʵۺ졣ֻҲеĨӣȡɱ¾мߵģ̭ٻһЩöɡ
ôɫһ䣬һ֮ãҵ֮ӣֲʵߵ𣿡
ĻƽؾףڿضС
ʲô
֮ӣ
ص˲ʶû˵֡ǣǾԲ᲻֪֮ӡĸ֣壬޾綼û˲
ڵ仰˵֮󣬿ˣ¶η֮ɫ
֮ӰǿһȺɷǡ
ա֮ӴˣԲҡçײˡ̱ʾǸ⣬ͷɲ֮С
ŭ֮ӣ˵֮ӵ͸ɱҾɱ¾֮ڡ
ˣǿˡƺûɱ˵ͷһ֣ÿغŮĻɱ¾뿪
˵ȻҼܿͳ䡣
ֽоԣôʲôѡеĻɱ¾ߡ
֮ӴˣҽҵҵӦ˵
ţܺãѡУ񡣼סǲҪ֪̫ࡣ֮ҷԸͿԣɣǾͿԻȡɱ¾֡УǿܻһЩջҾǣǸҵĶĺĮȴɱ
֮Ӵ˷ģһֵġҵæ˵
֪ءҲͷ
ãǸ߰ɣ˵ţ˷䡣
ˣΪ⣬շȥ֮⣬ͣ
ҾһЩҪʹһԺǻᱻ͵һط˵
ԺҵԶС󣬵óһɫзӵĺɫơڵϷɢµϢһͲǷ
һƬɫ˶Сһ̣ڣӰʧ
⡭ת
ѵȥʲôżڣԲ²⡣
ʹһĶǴ뿪ӦþżԿס޾УһЩżҲġЩżУһ֣һЩԿףԵ˵õ󣬾ͿͨԿֱӴ͵ż֮Ѱ
ԵĲ²⣬ȷʵûʹõģȷʵһϹżԿס
ż飬һλԪռĿ´ڡóԿף˵һʮŸҲһЩﾳ֮õԵϹż


1849 
޾磬ڵѲ֪á
УֹĶǿȻ࣬ҲһЩġЩﵽռĶǿߣڴﵽռ֮󣬾ͻ˼һЩ֮顣
罨칬ȡ
ҲһЩռǿߣὨһ֮شһЩȻŪһЩ޾һЩлԵȥȡ
һЩռǿ⣬˼䣬ǿܻὫԼеıһطԼĴСĵطں㱻ΪżϹż
ҪȥĵطһϹżԪռһλռǿɺµż
ǰָʱȷȷʵһżռ䡣
ǰģһŲɿȣڸ߶ȣֱ޷㡣
ֲӦһޱȼ͵Ŀʯ졣ڱ棬貵ҫϣɢļµܲ
Է֣ЩƣƺɵһεĶ
⡭ǹ˵żߵҵ۾ɴ¶֮ɫ
ҵһۡ
ûǹż޾УϹż֮һǼȻ֪żӦ֪ҶνżĿس̶ȡ˵
ˣԪռռǿ֮һǧ֮á֣Ȼ޾ż޾ż֮һ
żֻﾳ֮롣ﵽﾳ飬żԿףҲ޷˵ĿǰΪֹܹƽżԿס
Ϊ˵õԿףҲǺķѼĴۡ
żԿףһЩǳŹֵص㡣ǣҪͨԿ׽żҪض򡣵ԿףȻҪ֮ڣŻ
żԿףÿһԿףɴˡңԿԼԣÿγֻ֮ͣʮʱ䡣˵ĳһԵɺ֮µõԿ׺ʮڻʹãԿױԼʧ㽫ʲôط޷ֹԿʧ١
˷ʱ䣬ʼɣߣһ֣ǰȥ
ԺҵˣҲڵ
һʱ˲żٶȡʱ򣬲ִÿʯ
Ըоǰһӿƺ谭Ǽǰ
Ӱ֮ϣȻ봫еһҵ˵
û̫ʱ䣬ʱӰ֮ϣͲܽڲռ䡣˵ţȳˣֱֻ֮ϣһתݺݵǰȥ
ܾ˵ڿǰʮ׵ĵطȴͻȻʧ١
춯ֹԾԺҵȡ
ҵҲ˳ֹ
ü˿֡
Ӱ֮ϣǽżڲռϰֻڰʱڣӰ֮ϣܽСʱ޷Ӱ֮ϣᱻͳȥȻҲûеڶλᡣżԿףһʹúʧˡ
ʵȷʵǳֲڹӰ֮ϵʱҲĳܡжԱȣԾãԼڿܶǵ֡岽ε֮ӣȻͬһ㡣
һʱ
ۣ
һ죬ǰţһɵ֮ʧ
ˣҵϲ˵
һʱ䣬˳ɹĹӰ֮ϡ
ȥϣҲ΢һЩٴǰȥԺҵ˽
ڳʮ׺ǰٴһ䡣
ӦǿʯڲռˡԿ˿ܡ
ܵĿռܿһȥʲôĶ
ڲռ󣬵ûֹͣǰۡ
бƬ֮ҵһ
ҵ֮ǰҲˡǰһƬ֣ܻ롣⣬鴤һ¡Ӱɴǰ
þ£ȿ֮󣬾̲ס̾һ
һƬ⣬ʵһɵġЩƣһľͼľȥͺһ㡣
ľͼģһͷ棬ܲͷϵܣҲ޷ȷȼ
ƿԥĶ
ǹԺҵˣκιͣǷȴǿֲ֮£·˿ûб仯
ҪǸͷͱ빥Ψһİ취
һʱųֱ仯һȱڡҪøͷͱ뽫״ݻٲС
صԶ
ˣһʱ䣬ɢ


1850 ȫ
ɢԭסĺɫͷ֮ܲͷų
ûϢԵ̾͸Ӧ˺ɫͷϵϢ
һ֣ɫͷС
üǶԺɫͷЩ⡣
һڣȻûʲôö˵һ䣬ɫͷ
ȷʵԸͷ̫⡣
һ岽˵ӦöǺܲġֵҲ͡ԸݸͷϵжϣͷļֵҲǳʯҡɱ¾һɱ¾֣Ҳܶһɱ¾֡
֣ڵ֮ӶԣܾͿˡ໨һʱŵõôһ⵹Ҳ⡣
ߣ
ʱ䲻࣡ż֮ڣֻʱ䣬˷һһ㡣ع˾Ժҵһ˵
Ӱǰۡ
ûãٴμһƬ⣬Ȼ֮£ͬһȥһֿʯԴΪ޷̽κϢֻӱϿ޷ϾǺ
޾ޱߣԴ޷㡣ȥһģһĶֵܿܲǧ򱶡
֮ӴˣһҪȡ𣿡ҵʵ
ɨһǵĿʯԴҲЩԥ֮ǰ㣬ҪȡıҲҪһҵʱ䡣һֻʱ䡣
һʱ䣬ĶֵȴܸߣڵǺܴʧ
ˣһ·ᡣǣٶȣڶ㡣ڶıֵҪߵöࡣ˵
ʵһ㣬ҲһЩġ˵ڵһ㣬ıֵҲֵͣǧǳʯϡǻԪռһλռǿµżǿϣôûֵĶ
ֻ˵һıȵڶ㣬ҪܶࡣǣڵһڣҲпֵ߱ġʱУһЩ˶ڵһ͵õֵʮı
ԺҵǵӶİ֣Ȼ˵ֱȥڶ㣬˵Ȼ
һ·ۣڵִڶ֮ǰһĴȫˡЩǵıûһֵܿߵĶԵֱӷ

ͿԽڶˡ
ھǰһߴסȥ·޷ӵһ뵽ڶ㡣
ûκηϻ˶߶ǰȻ֮ǰǿ˼ʱŶۿԼˡ
ԣ֪ʵжǿԵЩ꣬ڹУ˾һ˵
֮⣬˵ûȫ
ʲô˼ʵ
ߣǺ칬Աɣɵƣɲʲôġ㹥ûúɵƣɵЦһ
˵ҵȴȫһ
칬
ǿһռԣҲռԱ
ҵ˿ԣЩš
˹ԿȥǷֲ˭ƻġǣҵҲǱȽǿ岽飬ܸ֪ԵĹҪԼǿһءɼˣ֮ӵȻΪûȫ֡
ԣҲҪҴŵˡô˵ɣҽڶ㣬ܵõıҲ⣬һ㡣ڶ㱦ֵҲܴﵽʮǳʯֲ˵һ䡣
ȻҲ뾰ŪҪѵԣҲõȱﵽִȥ˵
ðɣԵ˵ͷ
ʵҲǹⲻúɵƣֻǡȷʵ뽫ȫʵչڵǰ֮ӡ
׾ʦֶԣҪ֮ӡ
ԣŵҲЩĵԼԲһֱûúɵơɱ¾ʱʹúɵƹǴΣҲûнɵƵʩչޣֻ˲ֺɵƵܡ
ڵô˵ټϾ˼һ£ҲԼȻȷʵЩáԽĲɵȫں󣬾Եƻ
һȻ֮ǿܵԵƻҲ΢΢һ
֣ԵʵеĻҪǿ١ؼǣԻṳֻ̂ڴؾֻ̤Լδɱ⾰ˡ
ԡˣ㡭ʵǿҵʱʶ֮УԼȻԵúС


1851 ֲ
ҵЩᡣ
֮ڣҵҲǶ岽顣һֱһԼĽɽ죬Ǳˡ
Щˣôһһ̬أǣôģ
ҵĻЦЦ˵ѣҵʵԶ
ٴο˾һۣûг˵ȴ̣̤¾ͲҲʲôˡ
ھʩչɵƵֶ֮󣬶ƻٶȣԼӿһЩˣһʱ䣬һݻ١ҲɢһĹסˡת˲䣬ʧԭء
ٴʱǽżĵڶ㡣
ڶ㣡Ŀȡ
żڶռˣıֵˣ붼ֵʮöǳʯϡֻҪ̫ŪֵʮǳʯıﶼãǶܵõ޼ֵ֮ǧĿ䶼ǲܡ
Ϊ˽żǻĴۡ
ѸѰұ
ͷжסˣ˭̸ңǹֻҹӶˣıûκιϵҷ֣͵͵Ҫռıɱĺ䣬ͳ˵
֮Ӵ˷ģҾԲκζֻҪصɱ¾ɱ¾ֽͿˡҵæ˵
Ͷˡҵõ˺öɱ¾֮Ҿһɱ¾ֵġЦЦ
жɣһ֡
ˣֿжڶб
ĿǰΪֹ˽żѾʱ䡣Ĺǻͣʱ䡣
żĵ죬һ֣һʱһֵʮöǳʯֲʵõһֱɫÿһЩ
죬ֵõһ⾧ڣһֻ缶ط
缶طҲǺɵطȻˣɵĻطǺ칬طõģͱȽͨˣֵҲԲʮǳʯ
һطõ¶Цݡ
ż׬ͷˡԼһطһתȥǾʮǳʯܶﾳңҲͲżʮǳʯѡ
Ԭ棬˵ȫңҲûһǳʯȻⲻΪһЩԴ
ң
죬ʱ䲻ˡڳȥ֮ǰٻһı
죬һ֡ûκηϻ˾ۼ󣬿ʼĹһƻƻ
ಣ
ʱ䶸
һɫӰӣͻȻ׵ĳ֡ԡûǰӦ
ˣһɫӰһ
ۣɫӰӣ͵ϯ
ŭһæá
ԺҵҲˡ
ʲôѵڹżڣʲôڲɣ
⡭һۣźɫӰӡ
ɫӰϸм׵ĳȡòǺУо֮Ķ
żڣѵֲ
ȷʵкܴĿܡ
Ҫ֪Ԫռ飬ǻߵ壬ΪػԪҲ˵Ƕǰֲˣ顣ڹµżУֲҲܺ
ɶⶫΪңԺܿ͸о˲Ծ
Ϊһˡڵһʱ򣬶ɹÿˡ֮ȻһֱڶԾԹ˾ڲԶȴӶ
Զ˺üΣʼҧ
ô£
ֻǱӶİҪԣҲԵǡҲúܡ
ٶȷǳ죬ֲԳòϼǿ޷ֱն
Ǳס³϶
ҵҲˡ˾ʮΣȴûйһΡ
һתֿǼ
ƣһȡ
ʩչռޣ𽥵ģǱסڣˣס嫵ھܾۼӰȫ汬Ҫƿ
ǿ˺֮£ҲȷʵſһЩǣȻƿ
ܿģԾ͸оϴĿס
֮ӴˣԴ˱סˣǡǿҵԱסЩŵĶԵ˵
ߣǼ㣬Ҫݻһˣȴ˵


1852 ػ
ٴζչ
ҵüֿԡʱ嶼ֲСûЭƺѳ
ڵֳֹµȴסԣԹĵȫûӦ
֮Ӵˣ־ȾԴˣԴֻ޷ҵ˵
Ѿ˵ˣȰ˵ҹѵһԿֵģɱɨҵ
ҵһ
Ⱦԣֻңǲ˵һͻɱ
ԭҪ˲Ϻ£ڳɢǼͨɫıҲȫչ¶ڵǰ
һ֣ɫõС
⡭
ǡѵǱЩ
ͨɫȥͺһɫĵԼгԴСǣʲôĵһֲ

ⶫ޾󣬼ֵޱ󡣵мĸ߲˵һֵҲǳʯмСܶʱ򣬾㹻ǳʯ򵽡
˵һЩǿǼҪͻȼӼ󹺣۸̧ǳʯпܡ
ΪԵʶеĶǱ
׬ˣ
׬ˣһżˡϲ
ڹżУõļܿܳǳʯǷǳ˵ģһЩﾳǿȫңδǳʯ
ʱˣٹһᣬ͸ñͳȥˡ۾
֮Ӵˣ쿴ԴƺΣˡҵһֱעⱻסľԡ
ʱƬռڣǳһ·Ǿ޴һĶǿֲקžԽ޴
ȷʵ
ҲоԼҪקԼǸĶ֮ڡȫֵȴ޷⣬һƶ

ĶΪֻңᡣ
ǽȡһɱ¾׬ȡһЩɱ¾֡ңżԭӦûʲôΣյĲŶԡȴ벻ֲһרԱߵҵ͵ˣӶ
ȷʵЩΣˡҲԡ
ԵѣҪģ㡣΢΢һ£Աľ˵
ţӰһžԽӽһξ롣ǹŹ㷢һ̺ܵĹΡ
Եѣնһɳڵļӳһ֣߳һ߶ԾԺ
ˣлѡҲӦ˵
еԼӦþˡ
ţ
㡭󣬾ȴһŭ˻
ΪһιǹǽҲȫڡ
Աֳһڵֵһ
һֿ֮͵һ˲Ϣ䣬㽫קڡԽͬʱʧܣָƽֻʣµҵˡ
ҵŴ͡
ʱľҵúʶƺҪȳԡǵһôԴԼȻҲѰٻܼһʱ䡣ΪһԴ˲Ż˲Ϣ䱻קڡ
֮ӵʲô뷨ƺǹôģѵҪɱԴ˵
᲻ᣬҲһɱˣ
ҵпʼңֽŶЩ䡣ԵʵҪɱ϶͵סҲӲ
·𿴴ҵ˼
ҵҲˣҲȾԣҲΪҳˣȴ޷סֲ˵
ҵ˵
Ҳûа취顣˭Ҳ벻ǻͻȻµֲԱץߣ׶༪ˡֲײУû뿪⸽˾Ժ˵ٹ˵
ҵǲ˵ʱȷǹģʧ֡˵ҪﾰԴˣʵȴǺԴˡ
ҵȥ֮󣬿ɲҪ˵Уɱ¾Ļֽ١ˣʮɱ¾֣㶼ˡв
֮ӴˣǡҵЩΡ
ϣԼҲʲôǳˡǣԲа񵽻Ƕȡཱ
ûʲôǵġǾãֲġ䡣


1853 ûг
ȷʵػġ
֮ӱͶѪ֮ˣ˵ˣʵǸǱ
֪Ǻ칬Ա󣬵ԾԾѾˡ칬ĹϵʵȺܶĻҪ
ɱһ칬ɵƵĳԱĻᣬ֮Ӳ״
ȻˣǱͨɱ¾Ӷİ֡£ѶԾ֡Ϊǵ϶ɱ¾ƣɱ¾Ḷ́ɱ¾ա
Ե޹ɱԻҵӰɾʹˡʱҲܼѹ˵ԻǺ칬ˣ칬ԲӲ
Ҳͨɱ¾ȡ񣬶ᱻɱ˭ͨɱ¾ɱ¾һϡ
ĳ֣˵һᡣҲǼթˣװҪȾԵӡĻɱ¾̣̽Ҳ޷ιֵͷϡɱ¾ͺ칬ɣûȷ֤ݣΪ֮ӾͲҪ±ˡ
ɱҵҲΪˣûкʵɶֻ֣вҵҪ˵ңһڹżջ񼫴֧ʮɱ¾֣Ҳʲôֵǳʯѡ
ҵ뿪ûֵһʱ˱һͳż
֮С
ҵܣûоԵӰֻ֮ӵ
ͬʶܡûпԣЦЦ
Ǻ칬ľȷʵѾˡûӦҲżͳ
ڵλã֮ǰԿ׵ĵط۶ϷĿռ䡣
߰ɣȥɱ¾һ֡
ܿģ˻ص۶ɱ¾
ҵһύ˴ɱ¾ɱ¾¯룬Ӵҵ
¯룬ǰԸո۶ʱȥӭԵˡ
һɱ¾¯Ҳúܣ֪ǾԺҵսȡ廷ɱ¾񱾾ͷǳϡ٣ټܵ˶ע¯뵱Ȼġ
¯뿴ֻҵһ˻ύɫЩ̫ÿˡ
ҵʾأΪΣûһύ񣿡¯ҵ
ҵЩ
Դˣûܼʱ뿪ص㡣ҵ˵
⻰ʲô˼¯Щˡ
һЩΣգԴ˱סڡҲ֪ˡҵ˵
ôܣ¯пһ¡
ˣ
Ҫύ鷳ˣҵȡ¯롣
ʱҵܸӣֻύȻ뿪ɱ¾
¯Ƭ̣ǴҵƫҲ̽
˽˷廷ɱ¾ɱ¾֣Ϊʮɱ¾֡Ƿɱ¾֣е̽
ɱ¾ʮ򡣵˽˷ɱ¾ɱ¾Ҫгȡٷ֮ʮáʮɱ¾֣ȡ򣬻ʣ¶ʮ
֣¯˵
ȴ΢΢һΪһ˽ȡύģȴֻҵһˡѾȷˣôɱ¾ӦǲҪз䣬ȫڻŵҵȻҪɱ¾֣˵̽޷ȷǷ
¯ãԿܲδǱδܳ
ҵõʮɱ¾֡һʮõʮµʮھԡ̺ܼ򵥣Ծеı֣Ҳֻ̽Ϊҵ̫ࡣɱ¾ַϣֻҵ
ҵڵõʮɱ¾֣΢Щ󣬵Ҳû˵̫ࡣУǸΣټʮɱ¾ֶ˵ҲǾ˵ջˡʮɱ¾ֱ֣ӴĻɱ¾Ϊ廷ɱ¾ߣǰĸɫԲɫԲ
ˣûٶ˵ʲôҵҴ뿪ɱ¾
ҵ뿪¯ȥܵ׾š
ˣȡǸɱ¾ˡ¯빪
Ի𣿡׾̧üʵ
ûлһҵѾύ񡣻ǸҲˣӦȥ˹й¯˵
ô£
ˣΪû׾һв̫õԤС
ҵ˵ء̽̽飬ҵõʮɱ¾֡Ӧȷҵ˵滰¯
ȥ̽׾վ
̽׾һ֡
Ի̣׾ŵȻҪ鿴̵Ӱ
ǡ
ǹż׾΢΢һ
ڼԻӰ֮ǰ׾Ҳ֪ǵľءȻˣڽż֮ǰҲԲ˵ԼҪȥżż޾̫ˣǱ˷żԿףǶԶǺΣյ顣


1854 ۵ռ
׾ΪﾳǿߣǺ칬ԱԹżһ˽
ԣһԻϳǹż
ѹֵôżǰͨ׾һ
޾磬żż֮һͬʱҲΪżżԿһʮżЩԿÿγ֣඼ֻͣʮʱ䡣ܾ֣֮ʱ䶼ᷢκα仯
ҲǿͼøıʱٷƣҲЧ
׾žĿž仯¯Ҳվһԡ
˿žԵ˽żӰ֮Ͻżһռ䣬֮˳ڶ㡣
̽Ի̺ܿ죬һĻĻûʱ䣬ǿֲˡ
ʲô׾žһ
⡭ǿﾳĹ
ǵȻûְæȾԣȡ쵰
ţˣ
ԣԾĹƺûбܿԡ
ɶɵĻ쵰һ赶ɱˣһ֪ˣǺ칬Ա
̣׾ŵɫѿ
ˡ¯һԣ͵͵Ľһ
쵰ȥ˹й׾תĿ¯ʵ
ǵġȷʵȥ˹й¯ͷ
ˣȻסӦδ䡣Ѿˣ̽Ͳֻҵʮɱ¾֡¯˵һ䡣
̽ֻû̽鵽ѣʱŻᱣھԵɱ¾֡׾ҡҡͷ˵
ӵʱοȷʵ׶༪١
ǹԵĶǳǿ
ԵֲһֲˣǾԼֻܻһ˿£ֲֻһ׾ŵͳ˵š
Իο׾кܴգжϹԵľֲڹżڣֲܺ⡣
ȥ쵰ˣĶȻҶҺ칬֡׾˵䣬Ӱһ뿪ɱ¾йٷйȥ
ܿģͼԬ档
׾֣˵뺦СѣԬ׾ԣҲһ
Ԭ㿴֪׾ֱһӣһӰ֡
һĻĻ󣬱Ͽֳ
⡭Ԭüͷ
ǽƻֻƾӰѣ˵ԼʱȾСѣֹĶԬ˵
Ҳôࡣڱ룬쵰׾˵ԬԬģ²ǣ㡣ҿסȻͨҺ칬߲㣬Ȼɸ߲
׾֣ҵ˼ˡҲֹ㣬ҲֹֻǣǵֻǴкԼҪ뿪ȻֱߵˡԬε˵
ʲôѾˣ׾Ҳû뵽ߵô졣
ǰѾˣڿ¶뿪ȥ׷׷ϡ
׾֣ҲҪżҿСδػǲ磬ȵȿԬ˵
ϾӰ֮УȷѾ
Һ˾ԡִֹȡҲ˴Σա׾̾Ϣһ˵
׾֣ô˵Ļ£ùҡǣŴߵģֻǣû뵽ԬҲЩΡ

ż
ԱֲӲקǷ·һĿն֮ڡ
ɶ군ˣο׶༪ˡԱקն˼Ҳҵúܣֻȫ߶Ӱķ
Ҳ򵥣ܶһһᡣ
ڶǵԶû˼ȥ޵
ն󣬾Եľ״̬Щ㱣۾ֻһƬ谵ųȥӦģȴǼŤʱա
ܵʱգƺǴġоϣͺʱձ۵״̬
ʱ£Ӧֱߡһ㵽һ֮䣬γһֱߡڸоģȴߣмĻȡһ㵽һ֮䣬޷жϳȷľ롣
һԲİ˵ıʱǺʱ䡣ʱռ䷨һߣʱսһ߱仯˲Ƶȵȣֱ仯ǣʱգƺǳĴ󣬾ͺǽһֽȫ۹
ˣھתͷʱ
ǰͻȻһ䣬ߺָܿ
Դܡ
⡭ͫȻһȫ΢΢һ
Ϊܣһ糤һ䶯һþ޷Ӧȴǳǧ


1855 
Ȼֲ
ͷƤ飬¡
󣬾ЩɻΪǧδ
ʵϣЩԣǾӦͷʣˡ˵ڵʵ޷ֵ̤ԾԼҲܵסǧ
һ󣬾侲ʼ۲ЩµЩ趯ÿһɢµϢУǿȷⲻǿ֮Ķ塣
ץֲɱң⵽ʲô˼
ѵǡֱӳԵңҪԣ
ǾԣҲ˼롣ʱԵʵ̫ǿˡڼҲֲľ浮ֲɶľȣֱǳǳ֮Ĳࡣ
Դδǿֲ
ʱǧĶͻȻ
ͷһʶΪҪʼԼת˲䣬ͷ֣ҪƶܿģмͿճһλá
һӰ滺߳
һߣ׵ĺϡУһľȡߵĿԶԼ
оԣ߿ѯʣɣ
Ǿԡæ
ǰĪǹˣԽʡ
޾飬֪ǹż
ˡȴҡͷ
ˣͷһƺǳƹΪˡ
ôӦǹ˵ʹ֮ݡֻǣһʹӶǿ
Զߵʵ˽Ⲣʮֳ֣ȷһﾳǿǰֻºͻһʹӶôֲǹжǿ
ռǿߣжǿռĺ飬ʵжôֲ
ʶܶࡣ
ǹ٣Խҹˡˣˣܾúܾˡ˼˵
ǰ˼תúܿ죬æٴιļ
֪˽ԼץҪʲôڹһ㣬ܹ鲻ǻ¡
Ǵ飿ϣϤζٶԾԵ˵ͷ
ȷʵǴӻԪġæ˵
˵ԼϤζһϢƺЩףΪҪץԼˣӦþǸоԼϤζ
Ϊβסҵ
֮ӵ˽żߡңʵڵľԻҪǿһЩ
ԣҿԸоϢᡣ
ܾúܾãûиоϤζˡ
ԴһжǺǣû뵽º󣬵ٴθܵϤζ˷·
ֽ
⼸仰ôоЩԾˣᵽϤζѵңЩͺͨ˹ٴʳʱķӦ
ֲУΪʳԸһЩ
ھԼ棬ҲˡһЩϲѪҺ
ţԡƺо˾Եϵϣ·¶һЦݡ
Ҳ˵ġˣƺܶϤԵ顣
˽żһ̣Ҿ͸ӦˡϣӦϤϢԣҲų֣˽Ȼһԭᣬ츳ҲҺ⡣žԡ
Ҽ㣬㣬ǷԸ⣬ΪԪռػߡתʵ
ʲôһ㶡
Ԫռػߣ
֪ڻԪռ䣬һЩעҪػԪЩ飬ޱǿֹ˽Ԫռ䡣ûоͽǸռ䣬⵽ռĹ
Կǿǡ
Ϊػߣ񱣻ԪͬʱҲõһݴУһּǿĴСЩĻ˵һУռС˼£̤ռǿ֮УԽռ˵
ﵽռԽռ
Щ¡
ǰ
ʱ䲻ãҲ˵Ԫռ䡣֪飬ޱǿ󡣶츳Ȼ㲻ɻǲ̫ףǰΪҪΪػߣϾڵʵСڳһʵ
԰
ðɣҿ˵һЩ顣Ԫ᧿Σˣ¼ֲ˶ʱˡԪһ٣޾Ҳڰ޹Ŀ⿴ǰ䡣
ȻѾܾûлصռ䣬ܸоõΪںܾǰʵǻԪϵһͨ


1856 ػ
ˣǻԪһ
סֻԼҰƺһˡ
޾֮󣬾Ҳ˵˲޾飬ռ֮صռԪռ䡣֮ǰ˵ʱԵĸд䲢ǿҡ
˵ףûжԱȡ
֮ǰ֪εǿʵ죬δ䱾ˣڼҲһĿǰʵǿҲͺ׾ʦ֡Ԭζѡ׾ʦֺԬεﾳǿߣȻʵҲǿҲᳬڵľ̫ࡣ
ǣǰĹˣʵʵþģǧеһþ޷ѡȻֻǻԪϵһͨ
ԪʲôĶ
ǿ󣬶һӾһ档
ֻã޾磬ԶԼҪӡ
Ҵӹ˿ԣҲ⵽һЩ˼Ԫռ䣬·Ҫػ
ֻǾЩףʲôвԪأ
ˣôģ˵һʹӣʵǹ˾жǿռǿߣ޾У˭в
ںܶʱڣԱ˺ܶࡣЩ£ע޷֪Ĳλ̫̫ˡ
ǰ̫ף˵ռ᧿ΣѵʲôҪԻԪʡ
仰û̿ڣǳһᡣ
˵ԻԪ˼ˣûоӻ֮ʼһֱԻԪ񡣾ԣʵ̫ͣܶ飬޷⡣һЩ⣬ڿ󣬵ǿһ̶ȣȻһж֪ˡ
ԣ֮ԽѯǷԸΪػߣһҪԭ㲻а֮ԣʺϳΪػߡаǼ츳ٸߣҲὫ˵
ǰЦ
ԣĿǰҪǣԪռ䣬Ų̫ˡһԪռ飬ô޾磬Ҳûˣܹѡ˵
ʵƺ̫Զˡüػռ䣬ʲô
ڵʵȷʵСǣⲻһֱСοܹУɡ˵
˵ģ澰Լ֮УȴƺǷǳϣܳΪػߡ
ǰΪػߣҪȥа֮£岻ݴǡԵͷ˵
ô˵ԸΪػߣϵһ¶Цݣࡣ
ǵģԸ⣡ٴεͷ
ãܺãϣЦݾԡ
˵ţתȥ
ǧм䣬ڹ߳ʱ򣬾óһ·ڣԸŹˣ뵽ǧĺ档
棬һɫĹֻ⹬Ҳ⣬·ûκοʯ֮ĶֲｨĹЩֲﻹ
빬֮
Կڹλãһ޴ĹŹͼͼ·һ
ԣ°ɣָͼ˵
ǰͼջԪ״𣿡ʵ
û֮ǰӦÿżòһôҲ˸ݻԪӹ⽨ġ˵ͷ
ûٶʣǰͼϡ
Բ¹˶Լʲô⣬Թ˵ʵ֪Լûκεֿءж⣬˻Լ˵ôֻࣿҪԼԼɰڲ
ڹ˵ϣҲûӦκаϢ
Թ֮󣬹̧˫ۣ΢΢һ棬һӫͻȻ֡ӫ⣬˲Ϣ֮ڡڱһƺȻžԽ
֮ԱǾôϢӿԼԺԼںϣ
ЩϢǳ»ɬֻɲ֮䣬ԾȷһطУǺɵطҵȼֻ²ںɵƣܱȺɵƻҪǿ󡣲ھԵ޷ȷжϳִɵƾһǿ
һʱ䣬ʧԵԺУǶһּǿط
˾ԣվˡ
ԣվ
ѾõĹСУһط֪ǰӦҲطǿΪǿлһЩ˻Ծ˵š


1857 ԪҶ
Уһ崫С
ʵϣԪռ飬ʾǰֲ壬ǵ޷ǿطҲΪ
ȻˣڽܵĴмڹռ䣬һУռУ¶ܳԽռˣеĴط
ֻǣطȷطԴһ㾰идͺķ˾˵Ĵۡ˵طָľڼ棬ǿط޾Уֻ㻹µľԣǿֻл
ϾĻ춴棬ʱӦҲͲ岽Ϊ
ԣڿʼǹռػˡ
һЩҪ㡣ùУҪԴϣЩܶһЩ
˵䣬ȡһɫԲ
һ˾ϳӦһֻ
棬һЩҪԴҲֻǰʹá棬ֻܿԼ취ȡԴˡ˽ɫֻݸԡ
Ҳֱӽ˹
һ͸ֻڲռ䡣
üһ
Դǽһ
ǳʯֻ¾֮ࡣֻڵԴ൹ǲ࣬ȥǳʯ֮⣬ֶйء
ԹƣֻڵԴֵԲǧǳʯЩԴȴֻǰط
лǰԵл
лңЩԴġȻĲ࣬Ҳû취˶µĹءһżȥԺ󻹼кܶкʵ飬ȻܳΪռػߡ˵
ػߣΨһġ
סԵͷ
һżǹ˴£ΪԳΪռػ߾͹رաϾʵС˭ܱ֤Բ䣿һ˵ǽżıȫԣԱնɱЩԴҲ䵽С
ԣֻһЩԴǺܺʵġ
ԣһ죬߲ܽ㡣ôٻȻһżӦҲˣһżһǿʱձĿһ˿˵
ƺҲڴٴμԡ
߲㣬ҿٻʵ
ɵһ߶ǾŲ㡣
ԣ㽫߲㣬Ȼ֪صһżķ˵ͷ˵
ǣ֪ˡӦ
ҲǸģһ̧УʱƬɫҶӡ
ƬɫҶӳֺ֮ڣʱŨϢǡǵصƺ˵궼õ
ԶƬҶӣ¶֮ɫ
ʲô
ҶҲ̫һЩȴϢŨ¡
ǻԪƬҶԣֻܵõƬҶ쳣󣬼ռǿߣԣһҪǱ֪ⶫռǿ߶ܿ˺֡˽˵
ԪҶԵԲ۾
ȥɣھͿʹһƬȽ̤ﾳ󣬿ʹһƬ˽ԪҶݸԡ
ʶĽ˹ȥ
ٸ˵
ԣŹڱڵĸڱڸԲŷ֣ǽϣȻҲһͼۼǳԣվԶһط
ǡü
ЩͼҲܹŹ֡Уʱյζ
ĪҲһطʱصط
ֻһۣԶҪ޷԰εĸоæһŬİѳ
µһַ˵
ǰѵʱطʡ
ǡⲢʱ鷨˵Ҳһϵԣʵ˵
ü
ԣ޾磬ǳԽһеԪءʱգ˵
ٵĻԶʱһ
ڼʱ򣬾ʵ׾ʱͷǿһ̶ȣʱͿռ䶼޷ѡǿͿɵŤʱգı
ԣѧϰһǰ֮⣬ǶΪģоҲࡣЩͼ˸Լоµġָǽ˵
ţԿЩͼǳӣҲ֪ܲܿ˵
ⲻֱӴУҪԼѧϰ䣬ܲܲףҪԼˡ
˫Ŀǽڣӵһͼʼˣ˿


1858 ҶЧ
ǽͼɡ
Щƣ临ӻɬԲ㡢겻ǿǾ͸ȥ˵Ǽǲ
ڱ֮ǰüͷ˵Ҫҵ㡣һͼ壬ƽ֯һ𣬺ҵͷ㶼Ҳ͸Ҫ˵ȥˡ
ھԻһЩӣڼʱͱȽϸߡҲоܡ
ģ
ܻҵģһ
ԽżЧʾԽ͡
ʮ
ͻȻһ㣬֤ȷġ
ʼɣܽɣֶһսֶΡ԰
֮ǰڼյ򣬷޾ֲ̫ˡһЧǲһЩǿ岽ﾳϣӰͺˡ
֮ʼ
ԲɳԽ߷ͬ޴ڵ
ھԲǽͼʱһЩѶϢҲȻܡһЩ򣬵ģҲһͷˮ⣬Ҫʱȥѻ
Ҳ꣬˳Ȼ
ܿ죬ǹǧꡣ
һ죬ʱֹͣ˲
һͼǼˣͷת
ķǧʱ䣬Բżµһͼһͼ
Ȼ˵˵һͼкܶطԶû͸Ժ뿪żҲԼ͸
΢ƶһЩλãʼоڶͼ
ͼԻǧʱżڶͼ׵ĵط͸ˡ
ͼ˰ǧʱ䡣ķͼһǧʱ䡣
ͼԾ䣬ΪˡΪԾãͼƺδɣǷȱһ֡
ھü˼Լжϴûɵʱ򣬹ٴγھԵԡ
ԡͼ˲δɡʵϣ˵ûܹһͼɡ˵ûôʱɡ㹻ʱ䣬˿϶ܽһͼɡķô޾Уֶһֻ缶طˡ˻˵
ԣܽǰķͼ͸ôϵĳɾҲܸߡ⼫ѡǰϵĳɾͣҲǰķͼѡžԡ
ţǰķͼȻѾȫǣ̫ĵطȫŪЩƣ̫ˡԵͷ
ɣܻ͸ģ㻹ᣬʱǡЦһ
ǡӦ
ԴǬȡһЩԴʼ
ʱȥԱ㽫һաº󣬾ǰĲ󣬾Ѿ˾Ų
ģӦǾžŰʮһ㡣ǰŲ㣬ֻǿʼѡ
ԾͲòֹͣˡΪ̫Ĺؼ֮ûңԴҲˡ
ʱֹͣ󣬾ԿʼתƷСɫֻҪԴȡǳʯȵԴ
Թе˳öࡣΪǾֱӽܵģҪСټϣҲδԴ˻ֱӾУǿɾҪѾöˡ
һʱ䣬Ա㽫еһɹԴ߶ط棬ʱɫһ㵭֡
ÿٶȣ
һֱ⹬ڣԴ߶طʱ̾͸ӦˣĿȻ˹̲סͺһ
ô̵ʱ䣬Աչеһ㣬ù˶⡣˵Ȼ֪һ˿ͿʼչУùû뵽
չеһּ˸ԴԼ㡣ȫû⡣
еڶʱ򣬾һЩ⡣оԼľ绹̫ˣԼԹеʵǾ磬ںܶ෽棬һֳĸо
ͷһתȡһƬԪҶԥһ£źſڣҶȥ
ˣ
»ԪҶ֮һǰδеĸо֡ԪҶǺ嫵þԶҪ̲ס
壬֪˲Ϣ˲֪ٱеһУ·𶼱֮ǰѣƺҲü˺ܶࡣ
ˣ
һ֮ǰһֱˡ
ţ֮˴𣿻𣡡һʱ䣬е֢ᶼͷ⿪


1859 
մ֮Ӷ̤ؾ
˻֮Ŀǰ֮ͻ֮ͣھΡ֮Լкϵļơ֮ǳ֮ǰԾ;ԼӴؾ̤ʶǻ֮ͻƶ֮
ڣ֮ǿҴ
䣡
һƬɫĻ֣ھǰ֡ɫâ΢΢һǰһƬռȻб
֮׷ױȵƻǧ֮У֮ǹǿĴ֮һȹ֮Ȳϻ֮
Ȼˣ֪֮ǳǧĵҲԭġֵ;ǳ㷺׷ٱ֮һκ飬ܰˣռǿߣҲԼˡ֮ǵ˼£ϿӰ쵽κ顣
ͻˣһϲ
ڻԪҶİ֮£ԵĻ֪ӾΣյ˴ɲΡ
֮ģ񺣵ļš
Դ߶Ǭķǳʯ񺣡
Ӵؾһ󾳽ĿԽҪ䣬֪ôĿֲҺù˸˾ԴԴǳʯ֮ࡣҪȻھ񺣶޷䡣
ͻ֮񺣼ţ޷ʱĲǻỺήġ˵ή֮ͻ٣ʵȻ½
ʮǳʯ󣬾Ե񺣳ӯȹ
˼̫࣬Ѹٽרע֮ϡ֮ԳһöҶĿľΪСҶһöΪУԺܻܿ᲻̳Եһö
һ
ʱȥ˹ǰ㡣߶ʱΪʵ
֮󣬾Ҳòֹͣ
һԭǣԴѾûˣһաڶԭǣԪҶЧҲʧˡһöԪҶЧҲάְʱ䡣
ھε˵ǿߵȻΪݡһУԵĽ˵Ƿ츲أ˲ŵġ
̤֮ɲΣﵽУǰ㣬ǿȱǰ֪ǿٱڰǰǰŲ㣬ȴѾǰʮ˲㡣ûʱڣѾͼһȫ͸͸һͼǿԽƽʮ˲㡣ҪҪеڶͼ
֮ȻǾΣҲһЩչܸоԼ֮һЩµĸд
ɵƣһءյĺɵǵĲ㣬иоԼյҲԶˡ
ЩǿԿõֱӱֳĽҲͬ羰Ե壬̳ԻԪҶ󣬾δʲôӣҲΪ̤Ȼǿһ֡ǣԵ壬ȴڻԪҶĸ֮£˺ܴ˵ԪҶûֱȴΪ
Ҳһ籩ɱ
̶̰֮ʱԼֱ̥ǡ
ԪҶռǿ߶ı
Զ̲ס룬Ԫ֪жƬҶһֱ̳гԴ£ںܶʱͿ̤ﾳ
ԴˣʵˡԪҶҲ̳Եġ̳ԣЧͻήͺܶࡣΪˣ֮ǰ˸Ҷʱ򣬲Ż˵ڿԳһƬ̤ﾳԳһƬþԵƬкܶԪҶҲֹ̳ʵ
ԣ˼Խſ
ǰվļ
Ѿʵ֪١ڹǰȻöԷɲ⡣ǴʱҪɱӦҲ̫
ԣҸе⡣Ŀо˸д˷ܣƺһЩ
Ҹо츳ܸߣԼǿȴҲû뵽Ի֮ǿȻôɣ㽫յΡϲ˵
ǰ˰ɣ˵лԪҶĻĽ
⵱Ȼ滰
ǻԪҶǾеڶҪֻ¶ùܾòпܡ
㲻ǫ顣Ҹ£ҲһЩõе飬ǻԪռ飬ҲʹûԪҶġǣôģȴһûСҡͷ
ңĲǹһطȵȷ棬кܴ㻹Ӵؾһٿ˵ֱ̾
ڵʵȥ֮һﾳ飬ûвˡֵ


1860 ټ׾
ڵΪڹ˿Ȼ
˿صıͲǾڵʵǾԵǱ֮ʱڽյ㣬лԪҶȻù˷ǳϲ
Թ˵Ҳ֪νӿڣֻڨЦһ
ǰ뿪һżˡԶƬ˵
Դ϶ĿˡҪСɵƻҪԴ֧šˣҲٸԴҪԼȥ׬ȡԴ
ã
ȥסյ߲㣬Ϳٻƿһżʱбﶼһˡ˵ͷ˵
һ֡
ֻǰռŤ˲ϢãָоɢԼѴڻ֮Сλã۶ϿգҲ֮ǰͨżԿ׽żʱλá
ˣ
һνżдԼʱ䡣ǵӦ뿪ˡ԰ת
뵽ʱ򣬾Ŀɱ⡣
żڣǵԼǲġڣԼøû棬õ˴Եû缶طСǶģǾԿ϶ɡԣԶԵɱ⣬ɲ׾ˡ
ৣӰһտٽȥ
ֱӵɱ¾
֪Լ뿪ôãһֱûлύɱ¾񣬺׾ʦֿ϶ܵġ׾ʦֶΪԼѾ˰ɣ
Խɱ¾󣬺ɵģڴڼ¯롣
¯ѣ߹ȥк
ԡ¯˽Լ֣ʶתȥ
һֽԼֵģȻǾԡ
ôʱȥ¯û뵽ԾȻšȻһֱûȷ֤ݣ֤뿪ôûκϢټʱҲ¯þ׶༪١
ڿ¯뵱ȻԾúܡ
㡭㡭¯붼Щˡ
¯ѣĪΪѾˣûУһúúõģֻǱż֮УڲųЦ˵
û̫ˡˣһֱ㡣㣬һܸ˵ġ¯΢΢˵Ҵȥˡ
ãԵͷ
˽ڵ
ɱ¾УҲһЩɱ¾ߣĿžԡɱ¾ɱ¾ߣÿȡ˺ܶ࣬ԱȽϴԣɱ¾߼ԵĲ࣬ڵۣĻɱ¾˭ҲܿͶ֪ˡֻҪһʶԣ˱Ҳ֪ܿˡ
ˣˣڵһ֮⣬¯˵
ܵ׾ţڡ
׾¯ԭŵ۾Ȼ
Իˣ
׾һʱ䣬ΪԼˡ
˵ʵʱ䣬ﾳǿ˵ʵҲ㳤ﾳǿߣʱһαչضȥʱ䡣ǣ֮ǰȡǵɱ¾񣬽ż¿ɲôáǹż飬ֻʱ䡣
ҵˣǰʹżˡ
׾ȫû뵽֮󣬾ԾȻŻˡ
׾Ŷû˵þԽȥĻֱһڵڳ
ʦ֣Լ׾æ
ڵľԣʵѾﾳĺ׾֮£Ǻ𾴺׾ʦ֡
ԣ̫ˣͺá׾ϲɫ
ʦֵˡǸ˵
ģʲôµǣڹżֻҪţǵ㵣ĸ¡ԣߣǽȥ˵׾žԣ˷䡣
¡
ԣ˵һ˵ڹż֮ڣʲôΪʲôͻȻżڳǿֲУ֮ӵǲǹҪ㣿Ķܵÿ죬ҾԲŹ׾һ˼⣬Ҳҧгݡ
ʦ֣ǵȷʵ뺦ҡֻ벻Ҳûøõ˼ĺôʦ֪ӦǿԻ̡ʵ壬ǹǰǹ˵ʹӣһֱż֮ڡԻӦ˵
׾ţȴһ𾪵ı顣ȻﾳǺ칬ԱϾǺĳԱԹż֪ϢҲࡣͲ֪ǹżȻһλǰһֱ
ʵϣǺ칬ĳԱҲδ֪Ϣ֮ӵĺĳԱҲ֪żڣһλ顣
ԣλǰץ㣬˼Ӧûж⣿׾֮пʵ


1861 
Եͷ
ǰûж⣬ô֮ӵûջ󡣡Ц˵
ڹżڵõԴֵҲǳʯҡ뾰Եջȣþ̫Զˡ
ţԣȷʵд˵ˡڹ棬õɵط޾磬˴ɱ¾񣬾ȥżģ滹õô֮ӵ֪㲻ûõô֪롣׾Ц˵
ˣԡ֮ǰΪûżΪ׶༪٣Ѿϱ칬ڣ칬Ǳ߿߲㽻ɡģҲǺҵĲλ̫ˡ칬߲˽Ҳ֪ͨҡ׾ż˵
׾ʦ칬λܵͣҪ˵ˡҲ͵õɵطܶ칬Աɡҡͷ
ִռ֮أ칬źɵط϶Ǻ칬Աˡڣ칬֪˭
׾ʦͨ칬£칬߲Ҳδطϡ
ԴˣԵǲ̫⡣޾磬ֲΧԼתġ
׾뾰һᡣ
׾ͻȻ˵ԣƸҡǴɱ¾ɱ¾ֻûȡء
׾ҲȻ¡
廷ɱ¾ɱ¾һʮ㣬ȥɱ¾۳֮󣬻ʣʮ㡣Уʮɱ¾ѾҵҲ˵Իȡʮɱ¾֡
һȡҲЩ⡣
Ϊɱ¾Ѿˡ
Ȼԡҵύɱ¾ʱ̽޷ȷǰ㻹ɱ¾ֵġҵõʮɱ¾֣㻹ȡʮɱ¾֡׾΢Ц˵
ǲЦŵ
ʮɱ¾֣൱ǽӽöǳʯܲˡһﾳǿ˵ǳʯСĿ
Ժͺ׾ţ̽
٣е֣֮ԿԵõʮɱ¾֡
еѯǷ䡣
׾ţһʱȴԭءΪ̽̽ȷϾݵʱо˾Եľ磬ǵϢ
һμԵʱ򣬾ԻǴؾ۷塣ڣѾǵˡؾľԣܻɱ϶ô̤ʵжǿ£ȫͨﾳ沫ɱ˰ɣ
䣡Ƭ̺󣬺׾Ųſֱ̽ӷ֡
Իʮɱ¾֣ͬʱǰĸԲӡǣҲɫԲ֯һ𡣾ԣ˳ǽΪ廷ɱ¾ߡ
ԣѾˣ׾ʱѯʾԡ
ţڹż֮ڣõ˺ܶô磬ҲͻˡԵͷ
̫ˣôᣬѾ̤Σں칬ڲǷǳġҿ϶ֻҪִ칬ضᱻ߲ܡֱӾͳΪĳԱ칬ص֮ӡ׾ΪԸˡ
ǰռ֮أ·;ңԶҲͣ·ҲҪܾòִܵҲҪɡ˵
ԣִܻġ칬õԴ̤ﾳҲܿˡʵ̤ﾳ޾Уضš׾ܡ
Խʮɱ¾֣ȫһǳʯһǧöǳʯ
Բٶൢ飬׼·ǰ칬һ·ϵĴͣҪǳʯһܴ֡ɱ¾ֻԴҲǱˮнԻȫǳʯ˵
ʦ֣Ҵգ뿪ת˵
ţҪߣҲ㡣ڵʵ޾·ֻҪ̫ǿﾳҲԱ׾ŵͷ˵
׾ţڵʹһ˲ŵֿ
ļʱҲɱ¾ɱ¾бȽϸ߼ɱ¾׬ȡ֣Ҳ뿪֮ǰȡɡÿ۲һΣûзִﵽĻĻϼɱ¾
ˣ
ֻͨĹȡ߼ɱ¾񣬺ܺȵһЩĹȣӦܽȡ߼ɱ¾񡣡š
Դһ·ǰ칬ҲϽȡɱ¾׬ȡɱ¾ֺԴ߼˳ɱǡȼɱ¾񣬾ΪԼԽܣǹٷκλ˽
֮ǰԻȥйԬԬǰҲΪ׶༪٣Ի֮󣬺׾ҲϢԬһμԣԬûκ⡣
ԣԬҲԱǸ⣬ΪԽȡٶһϵԣȻԬԬȫǺ⡣


1862 к
Ԭ󣬾Գй
׼뿪
ȥй֮ǰԾ׾ʦֵҲȥɱ¾
ųȥ

ҵ֣ƺûнȡɱ¾񣿡
飬ҲСһˣ˵
뾰һȡɱ¾ҵҲ⼸֮С
㶮ʲôҵһò˶ãܽﾳһЦ˵
ﾳôףǱ岽ˣ֮ڣԱֻйһﾳǿߡ˵˷˵
ﾳȷʵ̫ˡҵ츳Ƕߵö࣬ﾳҲǲܡһ˵
ˣǾͲܰһ᣿ҵ˼һۡ
⼸ˣҵѣҲĻɱ¾ݡҵ֮ǰҲĻɱ¾ߣύ˵廷ɱ¾󣬲ŽΪ廷ɱ¾ߡ
ҵǼ˶ڨЦһ
ҵ֣ɱ¾ûĻɱ¾񷢲ǼȡһС治һ𣿡ǳɫˣҵʡ
Ϣһʱ䡣ҵҡҡͷ
ύǸ֮ҵûнȡµɱ¾ȻǴѾȥܾãҵʱʱÿǴЩΡ
뾰ԲϤΪǴ񣬲ŵһμ档ǣܾԼʱӦöһЩʲôȲԣҲʱ֮ӵˣŵ᲻ɱԼҲûԼֳԾȾԡ
ʵҲ֪ʵܾ¾ԡȲ벻ȥȣ¡
ҵ⼸ѣҲ֪¡ǶҵύǸɱ¾ֱӽ廷ɱ¾ߣһʮɱ¾֣ΪǻҪҵǴԴһ١ҲҵλоԵɱ¾ĻΡ
ҵ֣ǼҲܹˡ֮ӣмܵȻ֮ǳɫɱ¾üο˵
֪ǲصңһûµġҵ˵
ҵѣ
ʱҵȼˣһǲſӰٽӽ
ҵҲѰȥһǾһ¡
ԴˣҵйˣǾԡ
ôܣ
Դˣżڣǿֲ
ҵѣòˡԵ˽ЦŴк˵
Ҳû뵽Լ֮ǰҵˣͦɵġûκҵ˼ʱ龰ҵҲΪңҵڵǰҲ־Ⱦԡ
żڷ飬ҵεĻº׾ʦҲҵ鷳ˣҵҲܴɱ¾ȡʮɱ¾֡
Դˣ㡭ûҵ˿˵
ˣôܳǰҲûҵ仰ЩЦ˵
λǾԴˣҵļѣҲӾԺҵԻոշй飬ǵҵһżľԡ
ԣҾǾԡԵͷ˵
ҵ֣㻹˵Դǹżˡ
ǡⶼȥʱ䣬㻹һֱΪء
Դ˲ǻĺúõ𣿡˷׷˵
ҵѣǰ󣬸ɿ㡣˵
Դˣ뿪ҵ̧üʵ
ԣ׼Ҫ뿪ˡԵͷ˹ֵˣҾͲǼλˣǡ
ҵˣĿ;Զȥ
ҵ֣㲻˵λԴǺ칬Աôȫûмӵӣһɻ˵
ռĳԱôƽ׽ˣ
ңҲҵ֪ȻǴؾʵǳǿ󣬱֮Ӷ˶١
ԴԸȷʵͣһʱˡҵ
㲻ᱻƭ˰ɣ˵ЩռĳԱһ߸ءͱ˵֮ӵǹ˶λԴˣ㣬ȻкǺ칬ԱǾƾкܴܾˡһҡͷ̾˵
˺ˣһԴˣδ˵ԼǺ칬Ա֮Բ³Ϊϳ˺ɵơԴˣ˺ɵơں칬˵ҲֻмˣܹɵƵĻᡣҵһ˵
úúã˵ǣǾǰɡ
ߣȥɱ¾ˣҲɱ¾ȥ
󣬽һöǳʯ뿪֮ڴͣһ㶼ʮöǳʯáҪͳǷñʮҪһöǳʯ
Щƿأ⴫ͷѵ룬Ǽֲ֡


1863 
޾磬ڶ࣬ռһƬƬ
ЩȣеǿеСҪһȣҲﾳΪǿߡ
뿪֮󣬲ͨռ֮ؽӽԶܿЩСȣֻҪִܵѡĻȡ
ΪԽӴĻȣɱ¾и߼ɱ¾Խࡣ
һ·ǳԾҲὫʱ䶼ڸ·ϡÿһڣȥɱ¾ѯɱ¾нĸ߼ɱ¾ȡɻȡɱ¾֡
Իúɵеʱͬʱõ޾ͼԣþҲܹȽϸЧĽӽռ֮أõ·
һȥԵɱ¾ֲࡣһĻɱ¾һܸԴɱ¾֡廷ɱ¾ʮɱ¾ջһЩĻ߱ȽΣյɱ¾񣬻ֻϸܶࡣ
Խӹһֽ廷ɱ¾õ˶ʮɱ¾֣ɵǸ廷ɱ¾ûֻࡣ
УҲɱ¾񣬲ɱ¾Ҫ󼫸ߡԾȡҲ˼ҪﾳΪ顣
һգٴδһ
ǰ桭ǽѩ׹Ƚˡ΢һ۾
ھԵĻͼϣзǳϸѩ׹Ƚܡ
ѩ׹ȣǿʢǽռĹ֮һ
޾磬߹˵أָǺ칬ռ߹ָı߸ȣѩ׹֮һ
͵˵߹ȷʵزһЩǣԲС߹߹Ĺÿһ˸޾ǣûдﵽռΣȴռǿӲ
ԵĻͼУѩ׹Ƚܺܶ࣬ȵĹϢ޾ĵλȵȡ
ѩ׹ȵĹֽгԨۣǽӽռǿߵĴڡ
Ԩۣǿƥʵռٴɫ£κһռռҲóԨûκΰ취
Եһ㣬ѩ׹ûĳͿɿѩ׹ڵĳ󣬲졣ЩģҲǳԨ۱ˡ
޾ڣֻм󣬲ѳ֡
Ϊѩ׹Ƚ֮ڣûѳֵĳԣԴӸոҲͨнѩ׹ȵĽҲ޷޽ѩ׹Ƚ֮ڣֻǽڽӽѩ׹Ƚ򸽽
Ҫǰ칬ʵѩ׹ȣҲǱҪ롣ѩ׹ȣʵ΢һ·ѩ׹ǿ߹֮һҲöӼɱ¾ܶ׬ɱ¾֡Եɱ¾ȼﵽ
һ廷ɱ¾ɣӦþͿԽɱ¾ߡ
һнһ£ԿһƬ½
ɽ½
һƯ޾ģӴĴ½ѩ׹ȡⳤɽ½ڻͼҲнܡԼֿԿɽ½ȻСʹ½޾磬ֻбȽϴĴ½Լ֡
ɽ½ΧȻҲгֹаͻȻƻڴ½ڣѩ׹ܿء
ѩ׹ȵǰɫԲ֯ɱ¾ӡǣʶûʣֱþͨйȥ廷ɱ¾ߣѩ׹Ȼ̫ҲǱȽеλġңɱ¾߲Ͷ档
ⳤɽ½󡣸оϣҪĵ۶½ҪҲ֪ѩ׹ĵ۶½ж󡣡΢п
ȥۼأɱ¾
һƬӴĴ½鵽ġɱ¾ȵȻۼ֮أǵطǳС
ڴ½ϸٷУżҲһЩ顣
ЩĿɨӾԣǿǰɱ¾ӡǺ󣬱㶼֪֮ĲȥʵС飬ǶԶԶá


ӰǣӰ
ڳɽ½ۼ֮ĳѸݴšӺһӰд
ȥˣ׷ɱˡ
ǰ˽߾ȫӴܣʵȷʵϲ٣Ǳ׷ϡΪˣһ˲ŷֵЦ

ǿӲˣ
춴ô죿Ҫ쵰ƴˣܵУһ߷ŭ˵
ƴ˼Ҳ쵰κһ֡ǽл춴ĺҡͷ
ƴҲҪƴӲˡҲҪսʹ졣ɫ۵ģŮ飬ҧ˵
˵أսǽǶ춴ɫӡ
ҾʲôʱɱĿгս⡣


1864 ּˣ
ˣ׷ϣҲֹͣܡ
ѽôˣ˵ֽеаЦĿк˸
ӣҲʶ֮ӵ
ӹż뿪շתִͣѩ׹ңѩ׹Ƭɽ½˺ܳһʱ䡣
λˣαΪأ춴˵̬ܵ͡
û취
ԷˣʵǿκһܶԸġһȻҲ岽սȴﾳϵģﾳǿߡ
лϣ˭
ʱ򣬷ŵ̬ҲȲѡ
Ϊѣ
ЦƾϣΪҵĵˡЦһ
λˣǶ֪ǼиͲʲôβʹ˷ŹǣǼԸ⽻춴˵
ˣڲǰһɱ¾УĺãһͬѰֵߡ˶ΪˣԭǴ㽫ǳʯٹһЩҪԴ
Ըõġ
ɵǵɽ½һܴ̻ᣬʱȴ鷳ǵбɵļۣʵ̫ˣ͵޷ܡ
춴ˣǰҲĴбֵعƣܴﵽǳʯȴֻһǳʯļ۸˭ܽܣ
Ǹ벻ǣǾܾ̻֮ȻҲܾչ춴ˣʶЩ
뿪̻ᣬȥطֱɽ½Ҳֻһ̻ᡣǣǸո뿪̻ᣬ˳ɽ½ĳ˵Ǵ˳ɷ뿪Уɱۡ
Ʋѣֻ뿪СǰŸ뿪Уǵ׷ɱеһλﾳǿߡﾳǿߣ춴Ҳʶ̻Ļ᳤ﾳ᳤̻еˣȻǳ
춴ڸ뿪еʱҲһΣһסŶһȫܡԵû̫Чֻܶʱ䣬˾׷
뽻ˣ
Ѿˣ
Ҫգǻסɱǵˣ֮ӵˣ˵
ˣɱð˴ϡ᳤̻ﾳǿߣ¦Ц˵
¦ôﾳ֮ģĵƨΪһݡԱֻǵλһ㡣Ȼֻ岽֮ݣǰ;¦룬Ȼûõ֮ӡΪܹϵ̻ˡ
ٺ٣ҾϲŰɱЩϣʹȥһ֣ܾ¦Ľ飬Գ֡
춴ƴˣ
ԣǬˣ׷˵
ҲˣԷԲŹԼԣ֪ǶԷ֣Ҳƴɱ
ɣʹ㡭Ů˿ʼɣֱһһɫ䵶УָŻ춴ΨһŮ˵
ɱ
ƴˣɱǣҲûôף춴˶ȫȡԼսⲻ
Դ뿪棬֪ٴɱڽȡɱ¾УҲΣաǲȴҲ
ȻһҪɱǣǾɡ
ȹ춴Ů飬춴˶ͬʱֵֵ춴ܲʩչǿ츳ͨһʱ䣬ǵֵס˵Ĺ
һԵ¦룬Ҳײ֣Ϊ˵ҪŰɱˡ
ৣ
ʱ򣬸һռ䣬ȴ΢΢ŤţһӰ¶
ɫӰֺ󣬿˿춴ˣֿ˿¦롣
ˣȻǾԡ
ɽ½У·;Уͷ˵ԶԵɱڣڹżڣ뺦Լģֶαɡ￴ҲЩ⡣Ȼľפ㣬һᡣ
һԾͷһʮ־ַǳϲ顣
˻춴
ͽ߲ΣγɵӰϤúܡԶԾ͸о⼫ϤӰ硣ٿ츳ͨƺҲ濪нһ츳Щơ
оųɱ⼸Լ棬вǴӼġУλʦĻ춴档
ּˣ΢΢ŵ˵


1865 Լ
ʱȻ˾ԡ
Ź֣¶֮ɫ
һôţѾڹżѵûɱԣ
ȷʵԾû뵽Իţ벻ԡѩ׹
춴ˣҲžԡǣʶԡ뿪󣬾ԲųȻʶԡǺĿžԣ²⾰ݣ쾰ԾȻֱǵ֣Ҳ̫ӡ
ԣû뵽㵹󣡡ӳԾлعžԣ˵
ȷʵ󡣡ЦЦ
ˣʶˣ¦뿴
ţһΡˣǺ칬Ա¦˵
˵Ǻ칬Ա֮¦ɫһ䣬ĿҲ
칬ϻϵá칬ɱˣɱ칬ˣҲеġһĲ̫ҪĳԱռҲĵȥҶԷʣҲǱˡ
ԣȻŴżӦʵʵߣΪҪ׷ң˵
ΪԳǹ׷֪ȷʵɺϡ
ʵϣԲ׷ٵյ֮׷ٵЧѩ׹ңԶ޷þε֮׷ٵڡ
׷㣿ûУֻѩ׹ǡѡЦЦ
ԹˡԽ˵
ȷʵֱŪҲй˼ɡ֮ӣĺĳԱɱԲưոݣ˵׷ɱԼڼʱڣһִѩ׹ҲûգܹѡңɱԺֻ¾޷ʹյĳˡ
ˣɱ⣬õ
ԵĻ΢΢һ㶡Ц
ԣȻҪ
ôң
֪ʵǿȻֻǴؾ̫ࡣɼˣô˵Ļ
ȫɱͷš
СӣǺ칬ˣҶԵҲ¦һҲȵ
һսɱˡ۾΢УԼ˵ûᣡ
СӣҵҪжı£һ𣬺嫵ϯ
ռ䣬
λǰ뵽Զˡȴ΢΢Ի춴˵
춴ˣԵĻϢһ˶ˡ
ǰ
ʲô
λҽеĴˣռ칬ĳԱΪνǼСǰ춴ˣȫ벻ͨȷţԼʶλоԵĴˣӡѹû档
ǼˣҲ΢ʧУеԶˡûгߣֻԶš
Скɫ䵶ɱ
Ϊ֮ӣȷʵ׺ﾳ֮£޾磬ҲҲٵ֡һɱռâ֮һ֮
ٶȼ죬˲Ϣ͵ǰ
ˣԵϣһƬ
ط
Ե׺ûַֻ̳Ǵ߶طҲ뿴εĹУжôǿԼܷס湥
ɵˣ
֪ˣԹ
͹ֲˣûгַмЦЦ¶֮ɫ
һԵ¦룬Ҳǲɫ칬Աƺȵ˲Զˡ˳֣ȻûС
䣡
ͣ
䵶⣬ݺݵĻоԵ塣棬֣ɫƸֳµܲʱɨ˷ӡ
⶯ǳֲ
ʱڳڵ飬кܶ඼ӦܲԺ͵ֵλã볤ɽ½ʵܽ
ڵڶ飬Ӧ󣬶΢΢һٷг뿴ʲô顣ǲ²⣬Ϊǿ飬ڳ֮ڲɱ
ѵõ֣
سеĳڣҲǷɳԼĸۡžԺ͵ս֮ظλʵǳǿᣬһﾳǿߣػɽ½ѩ׹Ԩ۵¡
ǰ춴ˣλڳ˼ѩ׹ȻǣޱҪҲ֮ӡ޴󰭵£֮ӵںڿʲôֻ޹ؽҪĻɱ¾ߣ˵΢顣


1866 岽
һС£֮ӵǷԼ顣Ϊ
Ҳ֪֮ӵ֮Ҫɱ¾ߣɱˡϵ׷ɱˡ
ֻǴʱ⽻սĶúЩơԵʵҪɱͨɱ¾߲¡ң߻¦ﾳ顣
ΪɻɳԼĸۡȥô£ʲôԼصĳ֮ս
ʱʩչĵâ糱ˮһϯȫɫ⻪ɫ財
Ҹ߹㣡
ԭΪܵҼСû뵽һ㶼סǰûгַֿϸֵ⣬Ϊˡ
Щ⿴ȥһֶַΣɵԼĹǳšﾳǿַ߲ҲԵסԼȫ
֮ӵĹֶΣÿһǿס
âʧԵӰ¶
ôܣһ¡
ΪԾȻվȫƺ˵ӡңһζ
ⲻܣ
ĹԾ׼˾ԣôˣ
ⲻϳ
סˣ¦ﾳǿ߶һ¡ΪҲΪԻڵһι֮СԵĹҲֵҲ޷ܵȫ
Զ˻춴ˣֱžԡ
춴˵λ˵ʲôݣ
˵Ǻ칬Աʵ϶ǿǣΪҪأ
صǣƺƺǼΪǰλ˶ǵĳƺ𣿡
Ǭˣš
λˣȷʵΪǰ춴΢˵
žԡ
춴УЩΪʩչзʱ򣬾һ˿˿ϤĸоԼôһơֻǣûȿµ
ʵϣ춴ĸоһ㶼ûУΪҪоԲô˳
ڻ춴۵ʱ
Կˡ
ôһʵ𣿡ЦһŶĵ
ʱ򣬴ӳѾвɳͣԶˣңңսеӰ
ȷʵڽս
˭Ƕﾳǿְ߽ɣ
ܲȷʵﾳǿֻ߽֡ǣﾳǿߣǳɽ½ټλĴڳ֮ⲫɱأ
Щ飬ųӰ
ǡλ֮ӵûǵˡڵ˺󷽣ǹŵ᳤̻¦롣ϳ˵¦롣
ڳɽ½˺ܳʱ䣬Ҳڳڻϳɲһ͵ˡ˲˲ݵ飬˵ǿһЩƯŮǲԸ顣
¦룬İ֡
ЩҲˣЩȽϴʵȽǿŮ飬Ҳ֡Ͼѩ׹ڣ֮ӵݣʱδػáλˣɲΪ֮ӣͻηĵˣδѩ׹ͷ
ԣ
û뵽ϣȻеֵﾳǿ߹ķҵ뿴ܵҼιҧЦЦȵ
оѣΪƾֵԼġΪ֮ӣҲƵı߲㣬Ϊ֮һĳԱʱΣܹʹġ
Ǻ칬ԱܿҲǺĳԱӵһౣбԼ
𣿡
ѾһΡֵˡЦһ
Ӱһֱ̧𣬲ϼ֡
֮Կеȡ
է֣ܱŷеܣ˲ϼңڽâ֮УнɫƸֳ
֮䣬һ⣬΢΢һ𣬱ŵɱȥ
һ⣬ڳ鶼ݡǵǵ󷽵¦룬ңԶӳڳ飬ͷƤ顣ȻδоһֻҪǽ⣬ȫ
һ
һܣ
飬Ҳ޷ȥ
ڽ֮µĵͬͷ𶯣Ȼžԡ
㡭ʲôʱͻƵ˵ʶѾһμʱĴؾΪͻˣΪǿߡһͻƣֱӴﵽ岽Σͬ


1867 ɱ
ϣһγֻҡ
ԻǴؾʱʵͲ١ֱ̤Ӿ岽ʵжǿ
о˽â֮л֮ϢһеİԵ֤ФȻڻ֮ϵĳɾͼߡ
룬̻Ӷкɫ䵶㵶âγɲˣͼֵ⡣
Եһ̫ˡ
ڵʵжǿ
һﾳھǰвԡ
ʵϣǻ֮ͻƣþ̤Եսͨһˡڹż˹һ缶طΣֲҲ뵽˻֮Ужô£
ĵֵٿ㱻âݻ
ŭһ
棬һɫ⻪˸
˷ķֵܹͨﾳ鹥ﾳڵǿߣҲ֧һ
ɫֵȫ
ԣ
ɱңΣҿ֮ӣɱģ˫Ŀ죬Ц˵
ƣһḴģҵģɱ㡣״
֮նɱڵܺɫ⻪ϡײ֮Ǻɫ⻪ĺɫƸֳɫˣȥ侪ˡ
ǿķ
ıֵӦüߣ֮ĳԱǿ±ǮԶŷĺɫˣת
ԵķԲδǡ΢Уûκγɣڶٶ֣ݺݵϮɱ
һѾǺɫ⻪𽥵ֵסȻɳȥҲܵһ𶯣Ʋء
ԵȻ֪һһޡЩֵҪֻҪ̺ľôҲʧȥ˷áԣ̴߶ڶɱ
ʱǺ󷽵¦˶ľˡȻ񣬿ǰľ䶯ȴһҲ˵
ֲ̫ˣ
Ǻ칬ľԣʵ̫ǿˡ涼޷ǵﾳ飬Ȼܹ֮ӵȵ˵ز¦һֱãڵ֮У֮ӵ㲻޵еģ޾磬ӦҲҲƥеĵвĵӦûв¶ԡ
ڣۿһ飬Ƶòʹó
ԶЩӳڳֵ飬ȫʵıͣĿɿڴڵľˣ֪֮ʵĺ壬֮Ӵţͬ޵еĴڡᵽʲô졣
䣡ڶ⣬е塣
壬ɳȥɫΣըѿ
ڡһ
ԼǾԶ֡ǲߣܻﾳ¦룬Ϊ¦ܹסԡԣߡ
ҪߣҪȴһᡣڣˡ
űɣķͬʱʧʱ˲ȡһＤ
ĳԱóľһ޾磬г󶼱ƿءաʱϣǵ֮޾һ
ϣҲһɴ͵ı͵Զѵ˵׷ȻҪɹѣҪһЩġϾΪǿһ̶ȵ飬ʱշԲİǰܾܿͻءĻͱҲûЧˡ
ţ
ڵͱ˲䣬Ծ͸Ӧձ仯
ܣǰŵ
棬Լܣ˹Ť
ͱЩżԿһЩ֮
ɹˣ˳˴ͱоĽ١
һ̣Ϳ뿪Ǹľԡ
߲Կеȵ
ͬʱһ
ڹż֮ڣѧϰΪ
ңʮ˲㡣
žʩչһβڵܡӾԴ߶ڵϣûκʱӳٵġ
ǿһ̶ȣʱնȫӰ졣
Ľ٣ڵŤĿռ䣬˱仯
ô£
ţôûߣ
ᣡʧЧģƵĴͱ˻
оһɺѹ١ѹֱ֮ϡҲǺֲܿģûκηĵϣ
ˣֱӱΪһѪ


1868 Ԩ۵Ц
ռڣѪɢ
һ岽ǿߣѪǷǳǿģȫѪⶼ̺
ƬѪУһɫֳ֮
֨֨~ɫ
ǵ塣Եֱӽ飬δ˳ɱ塣ĿԣǿһЩ
۳Ρ
ԼΪѪĲҽݻ٣ܴԺҲٻ۷ˡУвٱܣЩȻ󣬵ѰҵһЩ̫ѵ顣
ɼҪٻ۷壬ҲǺܵ͵ġ
˵ҲĻᡣ
һһ򲨶ʩչֱŵȥ
ס֣
ʱһӰٴӳз
ˣǳɽ½ڡǰڸ֮ۡڣӦ֮ǿ߽֣ԴҲδ̫⣬ԲδȫС֮⣬Ϳ򱬣ΪһѪ΢΢һ
ûعͷִ򱬵ˣƺҲҪɱһþס֡
֮ӡ
ѩ׹᲻׷𣿼ѩ׹ɱضҲ鷳Ӱ졣ɽ½ĳֻѴ̡Ҳ£¹˽
֣˵ʱ٣ʵܿ졣̣ʱ䶼
˺ڵĽкתĿȥһﾳж
¶һЦݣٿ塣
𣡡ûֵͣ˼
һȣ֮ӹ塣ҽеĵȻֹһ壬ɢ
ڿʼʱ򣬾ȷʵ˼ɡѾ֣ҲͲôˡҪɱɱóס
ڸϵʱ򣬵Ѿɢһ֣ڶԴ뵽ԼǬռڡ
ɫ׺ݵžԡ
ǺˣָžԺʵ
ԣǺˣԷʡ
Ըոսѩ׹ɲ֪ǳɽ½ĳӦϢƺ¦뻹ҪǿöࡣԲ²⣬пﾳǿߡԣԺڣҲҴ⡣
ǺڣĳΪѩ׹Ԩۣسɽ½ԣôĵӣɱˡ˵Լݡ
ҲСԡ֮ӵʵҲ֪ܹնɱˣԲߡ
ǳһ
ûµδ̫ˣ֪ɱ˭˵
Ǻǣɱǵռ֮ӡЦһΣ
ҳɽ½ףҴԲѣŭˡ
ʱԶΧ۵飬Ҳܣǰ
ˣ
֪ˣ᲻˳֡ʵǿֲ֮ӵܻɱңҲ֪ݣȴҳ֡治֪ʲộ
ٴ̣Ҳ군֮ʲôˣĺĳԱ֮ӱɱưոݡƺˣܿͻõϢֶͨα˷ŹˣҲ˶ˡٴıѵܴɣ
˵е
һ֮ʲôʱ֮ǰ˰ɣ
ţȷʵܾԶˡ

飬ۡǣڵſڣ᲻ɱоԵ˳֡
ףָָԼ
һתһߵĻ춴ˡ
λǰǹһ£һ˺
춴ˣԵ㶼ǣȻڲ²⾰Եݣ֪ΪγƺΪǰԵʵ֮ǿǵǸͲʶǿ飬˵黹Ϊǰ
λˡ춴˷й󣬻춴ԾԹ˹
һֵǰö񡣡
ֿ˵ڳŵҪɱˣΪûֹѵɱˣҾͲɱǺڳ㣬سɽ½Ĺ𣿡
Ըʡ
ôܱȣü
ߣһ
춴ǰǵΪҪ׷ɱǣԿ춴ʵ
¦᳤̻һǵˡǴֵӦڰǳʯϡǣǵҪǵıȴֻԸһǳʯκˣܽļ۸Ǿܾˡ
ȻǴ¦᳤̻ڳͱ˵Ǵɷ뿪Уͻᱻɱǣֻ뿪СȻǵ¦᳤׷˳춴˵
ˣηη󷽷˵
ߣڳ㶼ˡһЩ飬Ӧú춴ǣӦҲ֪ɣٴߣź˵
ɫһʱ䣬֪α粵ֻһͨ飬϶뾰Էϻ죬ǻֱӶֻɱǣȻͬһ㡣оԵϢᣬʱӦòȴлɱʵŪҲһд󱳾ļһ
ٿ֪ݣڻɱһУúò׼
Сӣˣ
֮ǰ˵¦룬ð˳
ֵʱ¦뿴չֳʵͱסˡ֮󣬵Ȼ߶ʧܣԵնɱһĻ¦뵨սľ֪ս¦붼նɱҲնɱ¦롣
ԣڵûðʵʵһԴšڣڳˣ¦̡ҲԱڳɽ½Ѿ˺ܾãӪһҹģȽϴ̻ᣬڹϵ㲻
ԣӴˡ
ðָžԣ˵ˡ
Сӣɡˣ֮ӣޱȡɱˣ޾춴ûܹ㡣Сӣ˶ˡŰɣò˶ʱ䣬߲˾ͻѹǧУ¦Խ˵Խ˷ܣž⡣
ʵ¦ҲǹҪһ¡
ڳɽ½ôãһֱӴڵ¦ҲڱֵǿӲһ㣬ܸԼӷ֡
ҲǺöǵͬԿ¦룬ɱ

ˣ㿴˰ɣСǰſҾãӦȽĴ˵佻Ĵˡ¦ЦһԳ˵
ڳһ£ãӦһѡ
ܾʲôݣˡ佻ɱҲӦ̫ڣֲɱԡ

ڻԥȴȳˡ
ǹڣǶ¦֡
ңͻȻ֣һ𣬵Ƕ¦֣Ҳ̴߶һͼֹԡ
¦ɫ˲԰ףû뾰ԽֵĴ㣬ھԶֵͬʱĵһӦǺ󳷡ɲΪԼܵסԵĹ

֮
𣡡
ԺڵԲδһںϣúٶڣһӴܵ¦ն˹ȥ
¦ֻоһɿֲѹȶ΢תͿֲѾסԼ
¦룬æԵֵǣһͨﾳ飬εסԵĹϣҲûеķ
һ¦㱻ɱ롣̺ķܣ¦˲Ϣɱøɸɾ

ѩ׹۶й֮ڣ
ΡĽ಻ſµѹ
һߴĽ֮ڣһɫӰ
ǰһƬĻ΢΢˸Ļ֮УĻ档
ɫۣݵӣѩ׹Ԩۣһ۷εƿߡ
ǰռĻУֵǾԺ͵ֵľ
ʵϣѩ׹󣬳Ԩ۾Ѿ֪⣬ԳԨۣҲעһЩ⼸Ҳʱڳɽ½һЩʲô
ڷţԨû̫ನ飬Ҳǲ΢΢һ¡
𣿡
ȻǹУõ˹УԨۣתĿ⣬Żиոջɱľԡ

ǿʵֻƥﾳˡãܺãԨЦһ
ɱȻûκβúͷŭɱܻ᲻ΪҲ׷ԼƨɺҪɱ֮ӵ֡ǶԾԣûκβΪ˹С
չУǻԪռػߡ
޾УҲûмˣ֪ԨԪռĹϵԨۣռżĹϵ
ΪˣΪػߵľԣǳ⡣


1869 ۽
ԨˬЦй
йڶŮȵԱԨ۵Цȫ¡
ô£
Ǵ۵Ц𣿡
ۡȻЦҽйδЦ

йڵԱԨЦһǣƺδԨЦԨۣһλǿߣЦ
죬ʲô飿
ԨۻڼŹڵĻ档
ţ
Ҫʲô
ߣԨϢһӶ䡣
֮ڣһɫѷ֡ԨӰһʧںɫѷ֮С

Զ¦ֹ֣ʧˣ
ԵӰ죬¦뱻ɱʱ¦Ѿɱˡ
Щɵˡ
оԵˣ棬ɱﾳ¦롣
ֻһΣеŭȴûиղôǿˡΪ˾ԹеĽɫɵơ
޾ڣɵƵ˺٣ǼɵƵ黹вٵġһﾳǿߣҲɵơ
Ժɱ¦չֵĺɵƣʶԹȻд󱳾ǾǺ칬ռ֮һĺ칬
ѹ֣ѹԲں֮ӵݣ֪֮ӣɱ嶼ûŹ
ֻʶԵ֮󣬺ھ͸ˡ֮ӱɱǺ칬ĳԱҪδƺôռ
ǣҪھôžߣǿ϶ǲܵġ£ˣˡ
Եѣ㡭Ǻ칬ģڵ΢תһ¡
žֻ֣һĻҲǵ屻ɱ龰Եʱ֪պɵƣǺ칬Ա
𣿡ЦЦ
ԵѣҲϻˡɱ¦룬Ҳ̫أ¦ȻԱҲֻͨԱѡ̫ںǵ֮ݣԲưոݡԣ뿪ɽ½ڵͳ˵
ǿ²Уҡҡͷ

߲Լѹ߻ɱ
ھԳֶԸʱ򣬾ԾѾǺܶࡣŪ֮󣬾ʹŻ춴뿪ɽ½뿪ѩ׹޾󣬴˲ʹóǡҵԼҲѡԼ֮ڶ׷ϻͦǿġ
ԣҪԵȻӦ
ֻɽ½ڣƺԼߡôֻٴһˣһﾳǿߵʵжǿ
ԵǲϣҾֻܶˣڱãٶȲ
˻~
ʱ
֮ϣͻȻһѷ֡Ե飬һʱ͸Ӧѷĳ֡һѷ쿴ȥǺܴ󣬿ǹɺܱߡ
ɫһ䡣
ѷ죬ȻԼֵġҲ˵ܿǿߣֱ˺ѻռ併ˡ
˭
ܹ˺ѻռ·ĴڣԲڵԼܶԸġԶԴˣ֪֮
군ˣ
ǿ߰ɣ
ôô죿ѩ׹ɲơǿ߸Ҳɾֱ˺ѩ׹Ļռ䰡඼ֱ
һΡӰѷн١Ǻɫѷ޸
ڿˣʱȫһ𣬶ֱӹڵء
ۣڵͷиߺ
Զ飬ΡӰҲһ׷װݵڵڡ
ۣڿеĺһ
Ԩۣʶѩ׹Ԩۡ
ھĻ춴ˣڿ֮Ҳȥ춴ѩ׹˺ܾãûԨԼԨ۵Ļ񡣳ԨҲ˳
ΡӰٿ併ϣھԲԶ
Ԩ½Ŀ⿴žԡ
飬֪ԨۻδԼԨͻȻ٣϶ΪԼ򣬳ԨôԵ޹ɽ½ɽ½ֻѩ׹кͨһƬ½ѡ
ѵԨҲѹԼԼ
Ǿ군ˣԨۣǽӽռǿߵĴڡһָͷһȺԼ
ʱĺڣҲתȻҲ벻ԨۻԽ٣ڴˡ
֮ݣȻͬСɡۣò漩þ֡Ѱ˼ţͷҲҿԨۡ


1870 
Ԩ΢Цžԡ
ڵ۶йӵпԣԨ۾ͺ⡣ڼˣ⡣
ȻֻǵΪȴնɱ֮ӵһɱﾳ¦롣һ̤ﾳսжǿ¶ֱ׷ﾳ۷徳ˡ
ԿԨ۵Цݣˡ
ѩ׹칬ƺҲûܵĹϵ߹ݾԵ˽⣬ѩ׹߹֮һռ޹ܵĹϵ
СѣԨۿˡ
˼ʱԨ۶Ծ˵ˡһڣڱһɣʶ̧ͷ
꣬ʲô
ۣΪζǾ˿ΪСѣ
ڻΪԨҪѹԣڿ뷨ˡ
Լۣæ
Ȼ֪ԨΪζԼ˿ԿóԨ۶Լûж⡣
ض񡣡Ԩ۰ڰ֡
ڵ۶й㣬ԹԨ۽˵
ۣɱ֮ӵ̲סˡ
ԨĿһתɨڡ
ڣΪҲ֪ɱ𣿡ԨüͳУ̺ѹ
ԣ㲻صġǵȻ֮ӣɱҲɱˡץ㣬ҲûôסԨֿ˵
ųԨۡ
治֪ԨΪζԼôá
֮ӣĺĳԱ֮Ӧúܿͻ֪ò˶ãͻ˹ԣ߰ɡԨ΢΢ãһЩ飬Ҳ㵥̸̸
ǣԵƬ̡⼸λǰҵĹˡ˵ỰԵͷӦ
ԨҪߣûκγɡΪԨԼǸͲҪ˵ô࣬ҲҪֳ̬ȡԨһָѹɱԼ
ţǶɡԨ۵ͷ˵ߵһߵȴ
춴ˣսս
춴ǰѧЦ˵
仰춴һ𡣶ȫˣ֪ΪγƺǼΪǰˡ
Դˣǡͬһط춴˵
ԣͬһ档Цŵͷ
ˣ𾪵Ŀžԡţǻ²⾰ݣ֪ΪγƺΪǰڣˡ
ֻǣ޷⾰ԵʵΪ֮ǿԵΪɱﾳǿ߶йϿһɡ
λʼ֮һɣԿ
ھԵļ棬ҲΪﶼʼ档
ǣæ˵
λǬǰӦǴǬǰǺǣһԼǬҶϰҰ󡣡ֿǬ
Ǭ˴׺ӣ۾žԡ
λҾͲ֪ˡԿһһŮ顣
ذʯ
Ǿ
ŮȺ󿪿˵Լ֡
Դˣͬһ档Ȼһ뿪棬۵һ𣬾ûֿˡ춴˵
Զذʯ;ûʲôӡ
Ҳʼкܶģ֪Ҳֻһֶѡ
ͨһ̸Ե֪뿪޾紳ĳʼкܶࡣ󲿷֣Ѿˡ
춴ѩ׹ĳɽ½֮һֱһЩ;½ϵǬˡǣͶ˳ɽ½
ˣṳ̂ﾳﾳ̫̫ˡ뿪ʱ򣬻ϾͶĲ岽ڶʱȥȻṳ̂ﾳˣȫ岽Ϊ
λǰɲҪҴˣûǣûҾԽաˣǰ֪Ů䣿תʵ
Ů
ںܾǰҵǼŮһ档ʱѾ̤ﾳˡһ֮󣬾ҲûϢˣҲ֪ںδ춴ҡҡͷ˵
춴ˣ˺һᡣ
ڷֿʱóԴ춴ˡЩԴǾΪԻ춴аġ춴ˣ뽫Ǽϵ䱦͸ԣһɱ¾ߴ˻õġҲΪ䱦ǲű׷ɱǾԣӦѾˡ
ϣһʯֵǳʯֻǣȻҪ䱦
ڣԨ۽ڽ˹
ۣԨǰ
λѩ׹ˡԺڳɽ½֪ôɣԨ۵˵
ף۷ġڳɽ½˭ҶλұҪ˭ںٺЦ˵Ż춴˵ͷ
֪飬˭һﾳڵǿߣ


1871 ۽̸
ڵ̬ⷬ춴˿ɲд
ô˵ڶǳɽ½ĳƬ½֮ˣһλﾳڵǿߡڶǿҲΪԵԵʡ
ԣɻ˵ԨۼѾ춴̸ֹͣ㿪ʵ
ûˡ˵
߰ɣԨһ֡
˻֮ϣɫ϶֡
ֻһԼ޷ɫ϶ٽӽɲ֮䣬Ԩۺ;ʧںɫ϶һɫ϶Ҳָܿ
Ԩ뿪֮󣬳ڲɳһ
ţľһֱڽ֮С֪ԨһλǿߡִƳɽ½һֱ棬ûʲô©
ԾЩ״Ϊ֪ݣԨֲǲȻͽ
ԣʲôˣԨۣȻΪл޷Ƶתͷ
Ȼԭ򣬵ΪԲΪǺ칬Ա㾰Ǻ칬ĵĳԱҲóԨһˡһԣնɱ֮Ӻ
ôʲô
Լ飬Ҳˡ
λѣǰһЩᣬ벻Ҫ⡣ڶԻ춴Ц
޷޷춴˵
λԺڳɽ½ֻܰǡκǹȥֱҡظ˵
лˡ춴˶л
Զ飬ĽŻ춴ˡ

ɫѷ󣬾ҲһᡣܿģҲһʱ䣬ͷԼѾǸгһµĻ֮ڡ
ԣѩ׹۶½Ԩ۾ھԣ˵
ߣȥйԨ۽˵
йڵԱԨ۴һܾ档ǣû˸Ҷʡ
ԸųԨۣһ֮УԨ
ԣһкܶʡԨ΢Ц˵ż˵ɻҶΪ𡣡
˵˵ΪҪȥɽ½ӹԨ˵
ԿųԨۡ
ڳɽ½ܻᱻץߡռ֮һǿʢ֮ռУҲΪصġ֮ӣλ⣬ǾпѡΣɸѡӡκһ֮ӣͬһУӽ޵СǱɱĵڵУ޾ڣȷʵûܳԨ۵
֮ӷǳءɱܿͻ֪ңϲǺܿͻǿѩ׹׷ڵǼܰѵġԣǰɽ½ˣ뽫ߡԨ۵
лۡԳϿҵĵл
лң֮Ա㣬ϧҲԭġԭ򣬲Ǻ칬ǻԪռ䡣ʱĻ棬йۿʩչĹУҶˡûѾյˡԨ۰ڰ˵
ۣԪռйϵԻȻס
һֱƣԨΪλԼڿԨռϵͬһ㣬֪ԼõУŻԼ
ԣ֪õֻһ;ǳΪػߡΪ˱ػߣսԨصͷ
ռ䵽ʲôϵ㲻Ҫ˽̫ࡣֻҪ֪ҳԨʱԸԪԨĿһ⡣
ΪԷһһὫ飬칬ҵģ⣬Ҷ޷ȫȫȥ˺칬ͲˡǿƣԺ칬Ҳ޿κΡԨ۳˵
߹
߹޷ȫȡرΪռ߹ȴǲС
Ԩ۵Ļȴü
ԣ˵ʲô𣿡ԨۿԱ仯ʵ
ۣʵҿܶ㲻Ǻ칬ĳԱǴӹ޾ʱ䶼֮ѩ׹ΪҴǰ칬ԣ칬ˡԿЦһ
ɺ칬˲֪ԼȻ׾ʦִѶغ칬һΣ˭֪칬ûںһѶϢ
ͲõˡԨ۴Цһ
칬֪ǻ᲻ϣ칬ԵΪɱΪ֮ӵšԨ۵


1872 칬Ӧ
ɱ֮ͬӣţ޾硣
ռûκһ޶ԡԣԨȷţ칬֪ԵĴԼԵʵһȫԵİȫ
ֻҪԵ˺칬ûʲôҪĵˡܲɱ칬ɣ
˵ֻɱһ֮ӣ֮ȷʵӣȴҲӵΪ칬˺Ͼ˫ռ
ѩ׹ڳԨǾͲͬˡΪԨ棬ǿ϶׷ԴӳԨߡܻᶯü˵ֶΣ˵ֱӰɱԡ
ԨʵȻǿվռǿߣûʮİգܱסԡ
ԣ㲻õ̫ࡣͣѶ칬룬Ӧúܿˣӵ칬ȥԨ˵
칬˽߾ԣǲóһδŲơǻῪһʱճ涴ѩ׹ֱӴȥ
ǰԨ۴ӵ۶½ɽ½˺ѳһʱճ涴Ȼѩ׹ڣʱճ涴˺Ѽ࣬ĵҲԺ١
ѩ׹ռ֮أҪĵǺܶġ
ǰǵȥ߲֣˺ѳʱճ涴Ϊˣǵ˼Ĵۣϻ۵Դһա
ȻڹżǴ׬һʣóǳʯıЩҲ˾ԡԴܾˣӹżջ֮⣬һЩĶǷֵͲڰǳʯ֮ޡ
Դ˾ԣ¦룬ڳɽ½Ӫ̻꣬Ҳ˴ԴҲǳʯ֮ޡ

ռ֮أ칬
Ϊռ֮һĺ칬ڲǿȻࡣ
칬ĹǺ棬ں֮£λ֮£Ǿλ
֮£ڶ೤ϵȵȳԱ
һգ칬һλϣҴҽ칬һλֵصĵ
칬ĸ߲ҲҪҲ뿪칬ȥءκʱ칬һֵأʲô޷ʱ˽⡣
λƿ߲εǿߡ
ˣǰ
˵Ҫ
ʲô飿ųʵ
ǵģڸղţ½ӵһѩ׹ѶϢ˵
ѩ׹Ԩ۵Ĺȣѩ׹΢΢һʲôˣѶϢǺ칬
ˣѩ׹Ԩ۱ˣ̧ͷ˵
ʲôλ͵վ
ѩ׹ԨۣԴѶϢ칬ɲǳ顣ѩ׹ܺ칬Ͻơ칬ѩ׹ĹϵҲ׽
ⲻ칬ԲӳԨۡǺ칬ҲȥԨǿߡԨۣǿռǿ߽аǿ
ǿܣ칬Ҳ뽻óԨֻۡһֱԨ۲κһռӴ̫ࡣ
Ԩ۴Ѷ˵ʲôܿʵ
Ԩ۲Ե޹ʴѶ칬
ˣԨ۵ĴѶݣѾ¼ö侧֮ڡϣһݸ
˳ֽӹһ̽ݡ
һ̽飬ɫʱ䣬Ϣ΢΢ֱ仯
⡭⡭У֮ɫ
ˣȳȥɣǳϰ˰˵
ǣС˳ȥ
̴߲㡣
ûʱ䣬Ӱ칬֮ڣǵݣлһλ
׵ʲô飿
ǰǼйʲô£
ˣǽ׵ĵʵܹ̹ĸ߲һʱˡ
һĿ⿴׵
ڸղţҵõѩ׹Ԩ۴Ѷ׵˵
Ԩۣɫ۵ĸ̧̧ü
ǵĸǳԨ۱˴Ѷ˵ѩ׹֮ڣһ칬Աɱ֮ӵǵ֮ӡ׵˵
ţ
ɱ֮ӣ
鷳ˣ֮ӼӡͨԱɱҲɱˡ֮ӱɱưոݵġе½ü˵
˭ɱ֮ӣصʡ
һоԵ飬պɵƣǸմߣδʽ칬׵˵
ߣ
Ӧǹȥ档ˣһЩڣɵԵһλ


1873 Ů洵
޾磬Ԫ١棬涼¹ɵƵĵͳ
ȻˣܹлɵƵָ
ܶ棬ĿĲΪºɵƵͳҪĻΪֵ֡Եļ棬ǺУǿͱ﹥涼Թˡ
칬ЩԴҲ֪
оԵ飬ܻɱ֮ӣʵ棬ﾳ츳ӦǼߵġһ΢˵
ֻ֮ӱɱ϶塣ˣԨ۴ѶǺ칬ʲô˼Ī֪ͨǣὫǾԽһü׵ʵ
֮ѩ׹ɱϸ˵ԨҲӸϵ϶ȥ׷Ԩ۵ΣֻҪԨ۽ֽֻ߲Ԩ۱л⡣
Ԩ۵˼ǵѩ׹Խӵ칬ƺûнԽ˼׵˵
Ŷ
׵仰ڳ˶һЩ⡣
ԨۣΪҪô
أһλ칬ĸ
ڳУͿݵλߣǺ칬ĸΪҲƿ߲мǿĴڡ
ҾãҲûʲôҪġǶҪ˽ǾԽӻǲȡжϢȥ˻ôǺ칬˵
Ǿ飬˺ɵƣϸ˵ҲǺ칬ԱΪôһ飬ֵֵðأһɫ۵ҡҡͷ
Ȼֵã׵Цһ
Ԩ۴ѶϢϢ޴ĻԣȫֵǺ칬סѹ׵
׵⻰ʲô˼ʵ
⾰ԣɲﾳΪǵ׿ˡ
ڳԨ۴ѶϢУȻҲĿǰ˵˳
ˣ⾰ԣᡣԨ˵вꡣλҶӦ֪еɣ׼˵
ʲô
⡭ôܣ
в꣬Ѿǵң飿
ɱ˵֮ӣȫ֮ˣ׵֮⣬ȫһ
ǰΪﾳΪ
֮ӣʵܹƥͨﾳﾳڵ飬Ҫɱ֮ӣҲǲܡԣ˶ʶΪﾳΪǵǿɾȫͬˡһɱ֮ӣֱЩš
ں칬֮ڣҲܹ֮ƥеĵڳ˶칬ĵ飬ɱ֮ӡ֮ӣҲ̫ɱ칬Ǽɫһ
ԨۣӦòŪ
ûԣһж˵ǵɱ֮ӵģö֪
šҪӵ칬ʱʵ츳ΣͶˡ
λܿ˹ʶ뽫Դѩ׹ӻ
λԸһȥѩ׹ڳļλ
ȥӾԣȻҪԳȻ칬֮ǿƿߣҲ˺ѳ涴Ѱ͵ѩ׹˴ǰѩ׹ҪԨ۵ģȥ˵λ̫ͣǾǶԳԨ۲˵͹ȥ򵥣ѰԱôѩ׹غ칬
ȥɣһŮԵվ˵
ŮԵһϮɫȹ֮ǰ͵̸۵ʱûڹֱʱ򣬲վ˵Ҫȥѩ׹Ӿԡ
Ů洵ȥ򸱹ŮԵ
λǾԼŮ
ںܾ֮ǰŮ뿪棬޾ҲƯ˺ܳһʱ䡣츳ǿټһЩǺ˳̤ﾳΡﵽﾳֹ֮ã칬
տʼʱŮں칬λҲܵ͡ռ֮ڣǿ߼࣬һЩͨﾳֻͨԱ׾ţǺ칬ͨԱɱ¾
Ů洽칬󣬵õռԴϱһʱڡһ֮ڣʹͨﾳﵽﾳ۷壬Ϊһϣ֮־ĿޣڳΪһƿߣҲûְ
Ů֮ǰ칬ֻаλŮ֮󣬱˾λݵλֻڹλ֮¡
ԣҲǴģ֪飬֮ѡŮ洵ͷ˵


1874 
ѩ׹֮⡣
һɫӰӳ涴ѷ߳ɫӰһֱӽѩ׹
ǵ˳ɽ½ֵĵطһϢ
Ӷֱۣ˺ѻռ䣬ٴδӳ涴߳Ѿѩ׹۶
ˣһλո
ոλ칬൱
ԨжûдڵԻɱ֪֮¡֮ӸˣΪ֮ʱܹ޶ȱסһ㶼౦
ң޾УһҲû˸һɱ֮ӡ
һεɱ߲ҲŭԾǣܿͲɱص㡣λո˾Ϣ֪δ뿪ѩ׹ѩ׹۶֮ڡ
λŭڣɱȻʲôˣɱ֮ӣ丶ۡ
۶֮ûмŶ
ȵģǳԨۡոҲøԨ㹻ӡһЩͨȵĹ㣬Ǹֱɱȥˣϻ˵һ䡣ϾǳԨ۵ĵ̡
йڵĳԨۣ뾰Խ̸һЩ޾Լռ֮һЩ£͸Ӧƿ߽Լѩ׹
ԣˡԨ۶Ծ˵
΢΢һ
ˣĻ졣ųԨ۶⻹ûȥʱ䣬ĸ߲Ȼ͵ִѩ׹ˡ
ģ
ȿ˭Ԩָһ㡣
Ŀռڣǳһ棬ɫ۵ˣڻ¶

ޣ벻Ԩ۾
ޣƿ߲мǿĴڡ
ѩ׹ɱͨĹȣҲͻһ
Ļ칬Ļ൱
ԣȥޣԨ۲ĿԾ˵һ䣬Ӱһʧڴ֮С
۶֮⣬Ӱ档
޸Ԩ۶ǰ֮ˣ˵
ԨۣޣԳԨ۹˹֡
ԨۣδֻҲûлȤ
޸ѩ׹£Ԩֱʵ
ȷʵһ£޵ͷһ֮ӣѩ׹ɽ½ɱ֮ӣѾ֤Ϣ֪ѩ׹۶֮ڡ
Ԩۣ֪֮ӶζʲôԣҴԨһ㣬ҽ۶ִߡΪ˽лԨ㡣޻˵
ʱʵѾ֪ɱˣǱԨ۴۶㲻ǳԨ۱ˣҲȻѩ׹ĸ߲Աֲ̫ôʱڣʹӳɽ½۶ʹѩ׹ĳӦҲô졣Ȼֻǲ²⡣
£֪
ɱ֮ӵˣоԣʱȷʵڵ۶ҵй֮ڡԨ۵ͷ˵
ţһ
ʶƺЩ鷳ˡղţĴϣΪԨп֡ڿԨֻǲ뽫ֽߡ
ֻǣ޷޸ԴߡҳԨĿˡԨ˵
޿ųԨۣĬƬ̡
ԨΪң޿ʵ
˵ˣҳԨĿˡңǵǾԲűɱԨ۰˰ֵ޸ذɣ
ԨۣҪˣĿһ˿
£ԨЦһôΪҲԣ޷뷨֮һ޸ǰǲܴ߾ԵġУĵҲܴд߾ԡ
ˣ޸ذɡһ£ξͲдˡԨ۵
ãŭڡ
ԳԨۣûʲôԨۣռǿ߿ĴڡڳԨ۵ϳֻҲκζԷ޵ʵԨ۽֣ʤĻ᲻
ǣֱһӣŭֱ˺ѻռ䡣
ʱΪ˱ʾԳԨ۵أѡѩ׹֮Ļ硣ڣֱӾ˺ѩ׹Ļռȥ
뿪֮󣬳Ԩۻصй
ԿԨۻϵĽ֮ɫ滺һЩҪ˵ȫţǲܵġ֪һԼ˴ߣǾͳ군ˡԼʵѣǳ˵Ρ


1875 
Ԩ۽빬æվӭӡ
ۣԹ˹
Ԩ֮ͻȻûԱ֡
ţԨ۵ͷԣ㲻ؽš֮ˣ޸ûǸҽ֡ڣѾ뿪ѩ׹ȥˡ
˵Ԩܹռǿ߿Ĵڡ޾磬潻ֵˣ²ࡣЦЦ˵
ԵĻԨҲЦ
¼䣬Ҳ˲ϲûġؼûô˵˭˵
칬ˣӦҲܿ͵ˡԨ˵
ף
ƺѾˣҲܿ죡֪Ǻ칬һλԨֱһӣٶȳ֡
֮УһֳģһŮˣɫȹʶĿһŮ顣
Ǻ칬Ů洵Ԩ˵ͷ
Ů洵֣ȴһϸۿɫȹŮ󣬻˳
ڼؾ֮УԹۿ浮ľǾŮͳֹеˣ뾰ӡеŮûٱ仯ϵķβһ˶ѡ
ۣ˵Ů洵ʶʵ
ԣ칬֮һ˵λŮ洵ҲǷͬѰ˾ԣƺһڻԪ档ԨתĿ˵
ۣʵŮ洵ͬһ档˵
ʲô
ͬһ棿
⡭ļ棬򵥰ȳһŮ洵ֳһ㡣лᣬһȥļ濴ԨЩ̾˵
޾磬١ЩУҲһЩЩڳ飬һʵ̤ﾳġԣԨЩǿߣҲٻȥע顣
ߣһȥŮ洵ܻ֪ءԨЦһ
Ӱһ˹й
̼䣬ԱǿӭжŮ
ԨۣŮԨۣ˹֡
Ů洵ԨҲֻ΢Ц
Ԩ۵̬ȴŮ΢΢һû뵽ԨۻṰֻ񡣳Ԩ쳹޾磬˿ԨǱȽϰһˡ
֮ǰԨۼ޵ʱ򣬶ûй֡ȻԨҲʸȲ˵ʵ˵߹еĹ֮һݣҲͽռѡ
Ů洵û뵽Ԩ۽˵зǳ
Ԩ۶Ů˿ȻҲΪԵĹϵ֪Ů뾰ͬһ棬Ůĺøбֱ
ţ˵Ҳ档Ů˵ĿҲԣһοԣһӾжϳվڳԨߵ飬ǻɱ֮ӵľԡ
Ůͺ칬߲㣬ʵЩףΪγԨۻԡԨۣ칬Ĺϵƺδ׽̶ֳȡ
λСѾǾ԰ɣŮԾʵ
ԼŮ
ţŮƺȴǺ⡣
ΪԴ޾֮󣬾ûʲô˳ƺΪŮˡԼҲһֱԳŮ洡ں칬˺ܸߵλ֮󣬴ұ㶼ΪŮ洵
⾰ԣΪγԼΪŮ
Ů洵㻹֪ͬһɣ˵ҲɡЦһ
ţԣͬһ棿Ůû뵽
ô࣬ȷʵҲȥ뵽ǲһ档ԳΪŮͷ
Ůȷʵͬһ档ŮҲʶ˵
ŮŮáˣʱһĳʼ顣Ů뿪棬Ůһֱ档
仰ŮٴζݣĿй⻪΢΢˸ԾԵС
Ů洵ȥй˵ԨŮ
Ԩۣɱ֮ӣҵĸ߲Աѩ׹ҾԡŮ˵
ʱǲˡ֮ǰѾҸˡԨ۰ڰ˵
ѩ׹ûܴ߾ԣص߲˵ⶼҪʱ䡣Ҳôˡ
޸Ů΢΢һ
ԣ޻߾ԡǺǣΣҳԨ𣿡ԨЦһ
ŮиԽԽˡѩ׹ҪˣԨ۾Ȼûˣ޸ߣ


1876 칬
֮ڡ
ԨۡŮ洵Լԣ
Ů洵ɻԨΪάԣҲֱӿʡֻȷԲǿں칬ϡ칬ȻռڳԨǰʵҲûôӡ
Ů洵ϣǰ칬֮󣬺칬ܹࡣȻˣţ칬ҲɳġԨۿ˿Ů洵ֿ˿ԣԼЦ
ѹҲеһ֡Ԩ۽˵칬Ҫˣ칬ԸǣҳԨ֮ѩ׹ۡ
Ԩۣһ²Ůüδ칬ϾպɵƣҲ칬֮ˡ칬ԣҲӦáɳԨ㣬ΪҪأ
Ҿ֪ʡԨЦһ
ԭҲ˵ҿԸ㣬˭ɱԣҵһӦ¶ԷռҲУԨն
Ů𾪵ĿųԨۡ
Ů洵Լ칬棬ܶԾʵ˽⡣ȻڴѶѾ˵ˣԵΪɱ֮ӣǿܻΪֶΣа֡Ҫ˵ȫƾʵɱ˵֮ӡ
Ӱڣ֮ӵնɱ̣Ů洵ԿԨȡһ
ɱʱԨڹйҲ̡
Ӱ򱻼һĻĻ渡֡Ӿ֣ôͱﶼ޷ѾԴӶɱ¼ú
⡭Ů洵Ҳ΢΢Ϣ
˵ʵ֮ǰҲɡϾ֮ӵ壬Ů洵Ҳ֪Ե֮ӣҪ˵һܽɱ⡣ں칬֮ڣʱ̸۴µʱ򣬾е˵ԿǽһЩǿⱦܻɱ֮ӡ
ڿȫƾ˵ʵǿò˼顣սֳսʵﾳˡ
Ů洣û֮ǿĵ顣
Ԩۣܴ𣿡Ů洵ͻȻ˵
㽫ȥ֪Եʵ˭л˵
֪ԼŮ派ͽȫԼˡں칬ڲŮҲ߾չ˾ԡ
ȻԣԨ۽͸Ů洵
Ů洵δѩ׹̫ãž˺ѻռȥ
Ů洵ܿľԾ͵ռ֮ءѩ׹ռ֮أͨһ·ҪʱܾáϾ㲻ںĵķãһЩǳ޷͵ģҪд
ȻˣҲʹóԾԶͨЩشȵȣһԾͻ֪߲ͨ㡣
ԣռ֮صˡŮ洵Ծ˵
ռ֮أӴ
ռ֮رϣҲһ½ֻƬ½ޱȵӴ󣬱ѩ׹Ĺ򣬶Ҫ
ռ֮أĸռֱڶĸλ칬ռ֮صĶ
ռ֮Ƭ½ȻӴޱȣʵ˵ȴ١Ϊռ֮ϣĴռԱ֮⣬סڴˣҪﾳΪﾳ֮£һɶܽռ֮ء
ﾳ飬ռ֮أҲҪΪܵ顣
֮ˣΪԷһ칬ռҲļϸռ֮ء
޾츳㹻ǿռѡУôͿֱӱռΪһԱֻ飬ٺ١
޾飬˭ռܳɹģȴëǡ
Ů洵žԣһ󣬱ִﶫĺ칬
֮У¥δܸоĴϢոս룬вܸܲӦŮ洵󣬱Ѹɢ
Ů洵
ݼˣ
Ů洴žԽ칬һ·Уٺ칬ڲԱЩ˿Ů洣Ů洶Щˣ΢΢ͷ
Ů洵ˣ˭
û
Ҳûİĺܣ
ǸŮ洵һģѵ츳ߵ飬Ա˻Ǻ칬Ҫˡ֪ʵΡ
ţӦˡܱԴ츳Ƿǳ߰Щ칬ԱűŮ洵ľԡ
Ů洵Դһɽϵ¥֮ǰŽ䡣


1877 ĵ
ԺŮ洵վ¥֮ǰ
ӽ칬֮󣬴Ϣƺ޴ڡȻ߲Ȼ°빦Ч
ռѹ޾缸е鶼ռȲ˵ռܹṩĸԴ⻷õסи̾
ԣʱסΣŮ洵ЦŶԾ˵
Ů洵ָģǰ¥¥ǿõģû˾ס
Ůﰲšæ˵
ˣܶŮΪԻϰ߳ŮŮҲΪ⣬෴þԵĳƺС
ʱסԣʵ츳Ǻ칬֮ӦֱӳΪĵӡһĵ£һ˵ġҪһ顣Ǻ칬ĵӣȼͼŵӣŵ֮ŵӣȻ߼ĲǺĵӡĵӵݵλ֮൱Ǻ칬ĺĵӣҲǼٵġŮ洵ԾԻ˵š
Ů洵˵ЩϢѾ֪ѩ׹ʱѩ׹ԨۣͶԾ̸ЩϢ
칬ŵӣҲ޾еšЩŽ칬֮𲽽׶ξŵӡǣں칬֮һʱ䡣һܽΪŵӣҪ뿪칬ȥ絣һЩְ񣬱׾ΪһС͹ȸɱ¾ܵ
ŵӾûˣŵӣϿԶסں칬ʵһ̶ȣпܽΪ칬Ĺײ㣬һЩ칬ĳְȵȡ
ҪΪĵӣǷǳѵġŵӣҲûκϣΪĵӡʮʱδŵӽΪĵӡ
ʵϣŮ洵ûΪĵӡŮս칬ʱҲŵӣΪŵӣʵǿһ̶ȣ͵˳ְֱ̤ƿ߲Σŵ칬Ļ
Ů洵Ǻ칬λ֮ģҲʸǳһ
¶һȺˣŮ洵ȴſȸ
پԺŮ洵ֱӻص칬ͬʱѶλԼ򸱹
˶֪Ů洵ǰѩ׹ӻؾԣԶܿٴλص칬
Ů洵Խӻ𣿡򸱹ʵ
ǵģѾͬ칬Ů洵Ӧ˵
Ů洵ӻؾԣ·û鷳ɣˣ㣿׵ʵ
ĿҲŮ洵
޸֮ǰȥִѩ׹Ů洵˵ԨҪˣϣԨܽԡԨ۾ܾˣҽ޸ߡ
Ů洵ǰһ仰ڳ˶ɫ΢΢һ䡣Ǹ칬ͬȲεݡȥѩ׹Ҫˣɼ֮ӱɱжôӡŮ洵һ仰˾һЩֻǣֺɻ󣬳Ԩ۾Ȼܾˣ
ЩѰ
Ů洵޼Ȼȵѩ׹ԨΪξܾԽأѵ޶ԳԨ𣿡ɻʡ
λҲתĿŮ洵
ǡ
Ԩ۲δҾԭ򣬵˵ˣ˭ҪɱԣԨΪС˵ҪҺ칬Ҫˣȥѩ׹ԨŮ洵ʵ˵
Ԩۣʱȷʵô˵ġ
Ů洵Ļ˷ѽˡ
ԨۣΪζ˵׽أ
ô˵˽ӻͺá˺칬ҲͰȫˡҪˣǿ϶ôģǲ˾ǣЦ˵һ䡣
û
Ǻ칬ˣǱ뱣
λ׷׿˵
Ů洵ͣƬ̣˵λ
ԼȻѾִ칬ǲΪ칬ӣŮ洵
ȻѾ칬칬ݣҲ޷칬ĸԴ
õôż𣿡һλü
Ů洵»ҪȥǼǣͿˡҲ΢΢Щ˵
칬һλ޾зһֵĺӣȫʸֱӴ칬Ϊ칬ĵӣͲҪ
λþԣֱӻ칬ĵʸ񡣡Ů洵ҡҡͷ˵
ʲô
⡭ôԣĵӵʸܾôʡ
ǣżɣλ඼ҡͷ
Ů洵üĿɨ


1878 ۿӰ
칬ĵĿǰһҲʮˡңʮĵУʮѾﵽﾳֻһˣĿǰǵΪ
ɴ˿ɼں칬Ϊĵӣڵ˵Ѷж
Ǻ칬ĵĵӣ֮ӣ޾磬ڵ֮Ƕǽ޵еĴڡ
ĵӣκһռǷǳӵġҲΪɱһλոǰѩ׹Ҫˡ
ΪˣԺĵӵĽں칬ҲǷǳشľ֮ӡǵĵӣǼ˲õ顣ڹ治칬ǺڣҪԵͷ
λԵʵ츳ǰӳԨ۴ѶдҶ˽ˡŮ洵˵
Ů洵ĺĵӣҲǲɱ֮ӣȷʵ򵥡ǣһ㣬²ǵʵɣ칬ǵ֣ҲѻܶԷ˵ɱˡһŮ˵
еǺ칬Ψһĵĵӡս˽֣˭Ҳκβ˭ƽɫʴ
ĵӶˣЩԼžƾʵɱģ
ǿԻɱֻܣһǾа֣ڶǾһֲܿⱦ
ǿλ뷨
ʵҲֿܹˡŮ洵ԼҲ޷ǿʵɱġ
Ů洵ʱͲҪˡ㹻ʵ츳Ҳһʱǣȵȵȿ칬ıְɡ򸱹ЦЦ˵
ȷʵʵɱġŮ洵˵
Ů洵ʲô
û飬Ҿȸˡ
ǾԣͽŮ洵ˡվ뿪칬
λԵȡŮ洵סˣȡһӰ
Ӱ֮ڣоԻɱĻ档λһо֪ˡˣӰǳԨ¼ġŮ洵˵ţ㼤Ӱ
һ棬ڴϷ
ڳˣĿⶼȻĿл档Ժ͵һЩԻ¼С˵ӰҲǳܵĿռ䣬ܿ˺󷽵ĳɽ½С
ǵ֮ӡ׵ָŻеĵ˵
һλǾ԰ɣȷʵǳᡣһλ۾ͷ˵
ֵĳͳˡ
Ŷ
ţ⡭ԾȻס˵Ĺƺδʹʲôıϵ⣬ǻԪռһطһ̾˵
õιеķס˵ĹһЩʶȽϵ͵鿴ΪǽġǴʱ칬ڵˣһƿ߼ǿȻֱܷͷط
ڴ洢طյֶΡߣűʵ𡣱ʼطֶβǸʵ
ȷʵǻԪռһطֻǣյģ
ƺǹطôܣطǻԪռľ鶼ûʸһطƺֻйػһſѧϰ𺳵˵
ƺҪˣˣأ
ʲô⡭⡭
ڳˣŮ洵ѾۿӰһΣȫµˡ
ԽһȻͽǵɡǵ˷һشˡ÷ﵲסһǼĹ⻪Ҳ˴󲿷ֵ
ܿģԵĵڶͷˡ
֮Уǽɫĺɵƣڳ˶ϤǳȷǺɵơ
Ĳεĺɵơ
һôģ
һڳ飬ȻܽɵĲΡֱ޷ں칬һʱ䣬Ὣɵڼ㡣
򸱹У׷׿˵
ڶǽǵķﳹ׻ǵűӴͬʱȡһＤ
Ǵͱ
޾һǵĴͱƷʣĸռܱȵġ֮ĴͱЯҲĿ˵
ţʧˣʧܣ
ǡʱŤȵȫ۵ʲôֶΣƺܣ׵죬۾Բ
׵һֶнĲ


1879 Ů
׵Żеľ¶𾪵ı顣
׵˵ʲôֶΣһ׵ʵ
ţԿ϶ܵǵĴͱʧЧע⿴Ҳֵܷܿռ׵ͷ
ڳˣƿ߲ʵȻóֶβһеΣκһֶζ̫İûнУҲ϶ԡ
ԣ׵˵ʵҲܿǵܵӰ죬
̫ˡ
ԾȻʹֶΣƺܻǿĴͱ޷ѡһ
ģȻǵֱ󱬵ĳ档
ӰڵĻ棬ڳöûٿ˵ǰǶԾԵʵܻɣѾ֪Եʵ֮ǿȷʵܹɱ֮ӡ
λԵʵ츳Ҷˡ룬Ǻ칬Ӧø辰ԺĵӵݡǴڳ飬ʱ䲻ʵǿᡣڽ칬ʵȻٴα˵ò˶ãܽﾳţ̤ﾳ֮Ӧﾳкɨ˰ɡŮ洵˵
ţ
ǰ޾УҶδǿĵ顣
ĵӵݣӦø
ҼȻûôԣǺ칬ʮĸĵӡ˵
ȷ˾Եʵ츳֮ҲûκɣԺĵݡ
츳ߣú࣬˵ҲܳΪƿߡڽ̵ӵϣҲȽǿŮ洵þԽҵΣһ۵Ů洵˵
ɫ۵Ļϣں칬ڣʸϵĻ֮һ
ⷬ˼ҪŮ洵ˡ
Եʵ츳ȷʵֲλ¡
ϵⷬŮɫ΢΢һ䣬ЩŭȴҲ÷ں칬Ϊǳӵ˵޷ϵȡ
ϵҪˣֱӾܾ
ʵϣԾԶ˼ģֻϵһˡڳĸ뽫¡ǻûüڣͱϵˡȻϵѾڣȻͲ˵ˡ
ϵ뻹ʾԼ˼ԸҲȻҽѩ׹ӻġŮ洵˵
ãϵЦһ˵
Ѿ֮ϣں칬ʸϣ̷۴һ˵Ů洵ܱȵġǾֻҪɵ϶ѡѡŮ
Ůֻһ½ȥʲôǰ;
Ů洵Դʱںδ磬ھ͹ȥʲô뷨ϵ˵
쵶ն顣
Ů洵ģ˿϶һϤҲǵģʱŮ洰Ȱ˵ԼŮŮ洴ȥԣûֹˡ
ԣҴϵȥŮ洵ͷûгɾʹӦ
Ҳȥԡ
Ҳû£һȥ
ǻλŮ洵һͬȥµ칬顣

ԣɽ¥֮ǰź칬ڲĴϢ
ʱڵĸ򣬾ԶöԼܴȻΪԼ̤ﾳ谭˺ܶࡣ
ţ
У˫ü΢΢һ۾ой
Ŀһ
ŮԿŮ洵
Ů洵ߣӰÿһϢ񵽼¡˲֪ŮߵˣӦöǺ칬ĸ߲
æվվ֮Ů洵ϵĸˣҲ䵽ɽ֮ϣվھԵǰ
ԣŮ洵˵λϵ׵
Ů洵˵ݡ
ԼλˣԹ
֪ں칬֮ڣ֮λλ֮оλԼǰģеĸŮ洵

СһܹԵΪɱ֮ӵǳڿ佱˾һ䡣
ԡǾ飬ĵӵݡԺ󣬻˽ĵӵĽ͵Ů洵˵
һ£Ϊĵ֮Ҫ칬ŵ֮ѡһ롣ϵϣŮûȾ˵˵
ԡǺ칬ʷõ֮һ֮Уﾳʤﾳ۷鶼кܶࡣƿֹ߲ѡõõĽ̵ǧ֮ڣ̤ﾳϵ΢΢ԾԽԼ
ȻˣϵԼģ̬֮Ҳ˿û˼ֻǸԽþӦûܿԼжϡ
ҲžԣǶû˵
Կ˿ϵֿ˿Ů洵
ŮҲǵ԰ɣʵ
ԣҸŮ칬ŵ֮һŮʱ䲻޷ȡŮ洵˵
ŮԺԥ˵
ţϵԭŵ۾Ȼû뵽ԻѡŮѡ
ԣҪĵ̣Ǽġܹõİ޷ġϵ˵
ϵѾˣҪŮԿϵᶨ˵
ãʵһҲûʲô𡣼ȻˣȻȨŮ洵һϵ˵ͷһ۾ԡ
뿪
׺λ¶΢ЦˣҲû뵽Իܾϵ롣
ϵʱһܺԹ뾰԰ɣ׵Ц˵
϶ڰϵǺ칬ʸϵĵ֮һԿûӰҲЦ
˶Իûбܻ侰ԺŮ洵
ԣλҲ̫ϲϵˡ
û˼ֻΪŮԵѩ׹ҵ칬Ƕ¡ңŮңͬһ档֮˽⣬һЩԶλ˵
Ŷ
ԣ˵Ů洵ͬһ棿׵΢΢һ㶡
ԵģŮҼ棬ǳ󡣡Եͷ
⡭
̫һЩɣ׺λһۡ
ȷʵҼ飬Ҳֻڼ棬ųŮŮ洵˵
û˵ԾִȺ顣
׵ˣ뾰Խ̸Ƭ̣ʹڹе顣Ҳû˵ٻ߶Լ֮ǰżѧϰ˹طżڵĹԼػݣԵû˵
֮׵Ҳ뿪Ů洵žԣŮ˿
Ů½ڲԱ࣬ʵҲȽϲﾳûࡣǴǴﵽﾳģҴ඼ŵӡŮŵӸһЩ
Ҳû취
Щŵӣѡʱ򣬶ȿʸŮǿҲûܵõٰ
Ů洵ԴžԵŮιۣ֮ڵԱһ²⾰Եݡ
˭
ʶ
Ů洵ƺ̬Ⱥ׽ӡ
˵Ů洵뿪ռ֮أ޾һ飬˵Ӧþɣ
Ů洵žԣص칬ʱҲ칬ڵĳԱϢˡŮڵĳԱԣȻͺܿ뵽ˡ
츳ǿأ
϶ҪȻŮ洵ô𣿻Դһŵӣ㰲ŸһҲˡ
˵᲻ֱӾŵӵأ
ŵӣҪΪŵҲǺѵġŵ칬֮ڣһʱ䡣һ֮ڲͨˣͻᱻɳȥﵽﾳδͨſˡ
Ȼˣһܴﵽﾳͨſ˵ĻỹǺܴġ
ĺ׾ţһڲδ̤ﾳԲű˳ȥ뿪칬󣬲̤ﾳεġ
ԣطһЩطʱ칬õģҲвҴ޾Ѽġϣ޷ȡŮ洴žŮĵռԾ˵
칬ŵһطŴط
ҡЧǺܺõġҲһŮԱÿһʱ䣬һꡣ칬ĵӣÿꡣȻк칬Ļ֣ҲĻֻȡҵʱ䡣Ů洴žĲ㡣
һҡ


1880 ͬԱ
칬ڲŵṹͬС졣
ŮҲû޷ǾططһЩ
ƽʱϵʵе˾Σռǿָ㣬ܻõİҲܴ
ʵǿһ̶ȣÿߵ·һġһЩضֶϣɵ֮طϵָ㾰һŮ洵ָͬ㾰һ˵ҲδҪָ㡣
ô̵ʱڣѾɵĲ㣬㹻Դ֧֣ȫԺ˳Ľɵ㡣֮󣬿ܲŻƿͻƿҲǿָ㼸ܳɵģĻҪԼȥͲ͸
Ů칬ôãŮ洵
ղţŮ洵ᵽ칬Ļ֡
칬ֵĻȡ;ࡣһɱ¾ɱ¾ֱֿתΪ칬֡Ů洿һ۾ǰɱ¾ӡǡ
ɱ¾תһռ֮ڶǲġɱ¾ռͬƿصġɱ¾ֵĻȡзǳϸı׼ռĳԱҲ޷ͨɱ¾Ƿȡ֡
Ͼɱ¾ĻԴֱӹҹģɱ¾ֿԶһһöǳʯɱ¾ֺߡ
ɱ¾ֿתΪ칬֣칬ֲתΪɱ¾֡
ڶ;ǾԼҪԴ칬⣬ԻȡӦ֣ȻûֹԼҪԴȵȡ
;칬ɵǺ칬ڲҲʱһЩ񷢲罫һЩԱɵطصȵȡ֮ҲԻȡӦ칬֡Ů洵˵š
׾ɱ¾Ҳʱ׾һֱȡ칬Ļ֡Ȼ칬Ҳк֣ܶеİȫеľͱȽΣաͨΣսϴ񣬽ĻҲࡣ
ȡ칬ֵ;Ҫ֡Ȼˣ칬ӣÿһʱԶȡһĻ֡ŵӡŵԼĵӣִĵӣȡĹ̶ģ̶ֻֻȡԴԶԶ޷ġŮ洵žЦЦ
лŮԵл
ԣʵӦлл㡣Ů֮ǰŮһĵӶûУŵࡣô˵أЩᡣŮ洵ҡͷһ˿Ρ
½Ҫչ׳ȷʵһ׵顣
Ů洵žԽŮתһ飬þ㿴ԼҲϤһĽṹ
ʱŮ칬Ҳ٣ЩԱŮƽʱȻסû£ͻͬ齻
һˣصŮĵһ㡣Ըо˵Ŀ⣬Լϡ
о˭ԼҲὫĿ⿴ԷȻ΢Цͷ
ҶŮĳԱԺܻᾭ档
λֵγƺһӣž߹ִк
ҽоԡԱԼ֡
Ǻǣֵܺãҽ̫һӵǱȽ飬ھԱֺҲ˵Լ֡
žֵܽʱҼһˣƺԾֵܷǳӡ̫һЦ˵
ʱжŮĳԱΧ£
ðɡЦЦ
ֵܣ֮ǰ˵˴һ飬˵ľɣһʵ
ӦþָңŮ洵һص칬ģǵһռ֮ءԵͷ˵

ǰܱ˿أԺֵǰ;
֮ǰûǱԴϤŮء
˷׷׿ڣĽžԡ˭뱻
ֵܣѾȷ칬˰ɣʵ
ǻ˵Ǽ칬Ů򣬵ô֮أһɫȹŮ˵
ԣŵӻŵӣ˵һЩ츳ߵ칬пֱӻŵݵġŮ洵˿أӦûֱӻŵݰɣһ˫ĿŹ⿴žʵ
˵仰֮ڳ˶˵ˡǣžԣƺǳ档
ھ֮ǰǾۣԴ飬׻᲻ֱӽŵӡ
Կ˿ˣû̿ڡ
ûֱӻŵݣ˿أ츳ҲǷǳߵġֻҪ칬һʱ䣬Ӧú׾ͨŵӿ˵ġ˼Գһ£Ϊûŵݡ


1881 Ǻĵ
Ҫŵݣȷʵѡ
ռͺѡ칬ŵݣ޾ۺˡ
һռǽΪŵӣȻУҲܺ
Χ£ھܵ飬е̾е¶ʧɫ˱仯Ҳ
ЦЦ˵ȷʵŵӣӦǻ˺칬ĵӵݡ
仰˵֮նʱˡ
Щˣۿžԡ
ĵӣ
ʲôЦ
칬ڲĵһҲͲʮ˶ѡں칬ʷУĵĹ
ֵῪЦ̫һЦһ
ĵӣǶΪĵӣǲܵ顣
ЩˣȻžԵĻ
üҲûٶ˵ý͡ȷ֮Ҳ֪Լ˵滰ˡ
ʱ򣬴ӰһŮ洵ֳ
ˣ˿Ů洵̾һ񣬹
ԣ׼һ£Ү긱ѾˡŮ洵˵
Ү긱Ǻ칬λ֮һʵ졣λҮ긱ֻ칬⡣칬ı⣬칬һϵҮ긱ر⣬û飬뿪칬ġ칬ڲ߰飬ҲӲʡ
˵Ү긱ֻԺһ˸𣬶Կ򸱹λûʲôƽʱ칬ĳԱҲͿҮ긱Ҷ֪Ү긱򣬵Ҫλǿˡ
ǣæӦ
֪Ү긱ҪԼĵӵݡ
칬ڣǺĵӡŵӻŵӣݶ칬ġǺԴһ飬칬ԱݣҪ칬Ӧݣ칬Ĺκ˶Ҫء
Ů洵Ծ˵仰ôڵŮԱǣٴסˡ
ǵȻ֪λҮ긱Ů洵˼ƺҮ긱ҪŮˡ
ʲô
ݣ칬ɸ˹ҲͿˣôҮ긱Թ
ݣ칬ⶼɸ߸̾ͽˡ
˶Ů洵;ԣŮ洵ǰǵǲ񷽲Ծѯˡ
ܿģӴĵ⣬߽һߡˣ칬⸺Ү꣬ҲǺ칬ݡ
Ů洵Ү㹰˹֡
Ү긱Ŀ⿴Ů洵ֻ
Ů洵ϲˡҮ긱˵˵ϲϼûб鲨
λҮ긱Ǽˣع
Ů洵Ү仰ЦЦԡ
ԣλ칬Ү긱Ů洵ԾԽ˵
Լǰ
񡣡ҮĿ⿴˵飬˵ˣĺܺãΪҺ칬ˡ
ҮָģȻǾԻɱ֮ӵ¡Ү겻ûоþԵΪ³çΪΪ칬ˡƺǺ֧֣Զɱ
ˣϻҲ˵ҹ칬ĵݵġҮڶһֱۡ
УʱƷ
һɫۣһһöɫơ
Ǻ칬ӱ׼ʽھԽҪۡ۱ҲһкǿķƣǺ칬ơƣҲǷǳ߶˵ıܹңԶѶı޾жǺܺģֵǳߡƲдѶãͬʱҲ¼칬ӵĸ˻֡
Ү긱ԣæֽ˹
۷ǳõĲϾδдϢ۵ɫҲǿõġȻˣǺĵӳۣƷϱŵӡŵӳۺõöࡣ
ھԵڣھѾһǧ칬֡
˽칬ΪŵӣԻʮ֡ΪŵӵˣԻһ֡ĵӣһǧ֡
ЩһԻãΪ칬˵ĽֻһΡ
лԽӹƷ󣬶Ү긱л
Ү˰ֶԾ˵ԣ츳ڣҪúȡ̤ﾳԶһ档
ǣӻŬԵͷ˵
Ů洵Ҿ͸ˡҮŮ洵뿪
Ү긱뿪֮ڵŮԱʧ֮С
㵣ţ˼ÿ˵ı飬ǳľʡ
ĵӣԾȻǺĵݣ


1882 
ĵӣ
칬֮ڣ֮ǰֻʮĵӡڣǵʮĵӡͬʱǼŮĵһĵӡ
Ů洵ͣҮ긱һ֣ӰǳŮ
Ү긱Ů辰ԺĵݣʵҪ뿴һˡ򣬼ĵݣҲҪǰ
ԣŬȡ̤ﾳŮ洵ԾԵͷ˵ʲô׵ģֱҡ
ǣԹ
Ů洵Ҳʧ
ԡʦ֣ʱ򣬴ŮĳԱԵĿⶼ临ӡ
̫һˣǰǳƺֵܡʱҲĿˡ
ں칬֮ڣĵӣȼŵӼŵӣҪʦ֡ŵӼĵӣҲҪʦ֡
ŮԵĵλڵ֮ߵġӣԶùʦ֡
𿴾ֻǵΪﾳӣҲԽʵʵʦ֡
칬ռԾŶǷǳصġΪһඥ̤ﾳǲ£һ㶼ܴﵽﾳ۷Σƿ߲Σϣġ
Щ츳ԵһЩģƿ߾Ͳ̫ˡȻҲУŮ洵ոս칬ʱ츳̫ڡգŮ洵̤ƿ߲Ρ£Ҳռá
λض񡣡ЦŶ˵
ǰʦ˵ԼǺĵӣǻšײʦ֣ʦǧҪ֡һ˿˵
޷ģҶͬӣԺҲͬЭҡҡͷ˵
˼ԸͣҲͶˡһЩӱȽϴģǰѯһЩȽص飬칬֮ǰʲôطġ
Щ⾰ԻҲشˣԼԻԪ棬޾ʱ䶼ȡ
̸Ƭ̣Ա˸ˣû뿪Ůǵطҡ
ŮطڣطȻҲǺܶġ
طڣѡһЩ㿪ʼооطһҪȥھкɵƺ͹ֶ缶طȥطҲû塣ǣоطĹУͿԾɵƺ͹Уܻ벻ջ

˵ûǺ칬ʮĸĵӳˡ
ʲôĵӣ
ԣĵӣˣŮ洵оԵ飬˵ֻǵ顣
ڿЦɣܳΪĵӣǺ칬ֻһǾʦ֡ʦǺεȻǵȴﾳ⡣޾磬ҲǷëǵĴڡ
ǧȷ飬ʲôЦţʹҸŮĳԱʣ֪ġ
ԳΪĵӵϢܿں칬ڲ
ʼʱ򣬾˶šʱƣԳΪĵϢͱȷˡҮ긱辰Ժĵݵʱô˶ۿˡ
ĵӣƾʲô
ߣҷǧ꣬Ѿ岽ﾳҲֻһ֮ң޷ĵӡǸԣƾʲôո칬ܽĵӣ
Ҳһзصŵ˻
ʦ֣㲻ҲûðԳΪĵӣȷˡ˵Ү긱ԵŮءڷߵһŵЦһ˵
ھԱĵ£ŵӺŵӣֻǾšҲٲˣʻգþûʸΪĵӡ
Ͼǰδ˵޾һоԵš֣İĺܣһҹ֮ðˡŮ洵غ칬Ȼ̾ͱĵݡ
һЩŵӣԾԾͺܲΪ칬ҪĵӣҲӦǣһˡ
ҷأҪǾСʲô£ɫͳ˵
ʦɱ
ǰǾԣϾѾǺĵӵݡ񣬺ܻܿᱻ칬ͷġ
̰ɣ
ЩŵӣɲܶԺĵ񣡡һЩŵӷ׷˵
Щŵе̳ԾԶΪȻΪ칬ĹأҲǲҹڮپԡ
ˣ
ߣ˾ͱҷأɲ£һŮٷжȥ
ŵҲ˹ȥ
Դʱطоط
ʦ𣿡
ط֮˺Լüطҡ


1883 ű
ط⣬̫һ
ʦ֣̫һԣ
ʲô飿ʵ
оطȻϣκ˶᲻á
ǡʦǣŮ⣬˵Ҫʦ㡣̫һ˵
صŵӣۼŮ֮⡣ǲŮԱȻ޷ŮǵٴҲôŮ
֮⣬ֻ˵ҪԣҲû˵ʲôڮپԵĻԲΥ칬ĹءҶ֪صĴ㡣
ңأʶҡͷŮ֮⣬Ҳ˵ǲŮԱ
ţġʦҲۼŮ֮⡣̫һЩŭ˵
ˣΪҽĵӵԭɣûգҲЩˡתˣҪЩ˼ɡ԰ڰ˵
Բ˷ʱЩ˾
ǣ̫һӦ뿪
»صطҼоط


ĵӼ󣡡
Ǻǣôŵһ
˼Ҳʲô취ɢ˰ɣ
صŵӣ˵һЩ֮⣬Ҳû취ǵٴҲôŮôˣǾϵסǡ
ɢ˰ɣգ˵
ڶ죬ص˹ȻԻǲ
졭
ʱ仺תۼ¹ȥصˣƺҲ뾰Ժˣÿ춼ҪŮʼ˷ųҪսĵˡ
칬ͬӣȼμǣ칬ֹ֮д衣ͬĵд裬ֻҪ˫ͬ⣬칬֧
ǷȷŻ˵Ҫ뾰д衣֮ԽԽŵӷŻ˵ĵӾʦдд衣
һֱᣬҲЩ˵ԽԽ󡣵󣬾һЩŵӶҵЦ˵ʲôսԵĻˡ
ΪˣŮԱҲһӻŮ½Ա٣ʵǿľ͸ˡԷصŵӣŮûõóֵˣûס档
Ů洵ЩоҲЩŭΪҲֱӳ档
ŭǣϵȵȻԼһԼĳԱ
ģһЩõĴԿʼ칬ӡ
˵ܽĵӣΪŮ洵
ԣȷʵ˵Ů洵ͬһ顣Ů洵˿ܽĵӡŮ洵ŵӵﲻ
ǺĵݣҲŮ洵˵ɣ
Ǻǣ˭֪أԿ϶Ǻǿ㹻ʵΪһֱأ

Ĵԣں칬֮ڣԽԽ˿ʼšԽԽĵӣԵˡţĵӵϣƺԶûǰôˡ
һգԻطоط
ͻȻһ
ŮԸоһŮĴ
ԣһʱ䣬вŵӺŵŮ¡Ů洵ԣһ仰
Եõüͷһ¡
ûû𣿡ҲЩŭˡ
ЩˣΪЩ˳һʱҲͻˡڿˡԽǲЩ˾Խǵű
Ů洵ȻûҪʲôһѾ˵ˡ£Ů洵ҲЩŭˣᴫԼ
˶һ°ɣ
ǲͣվطҡ
ʱطоطȷʵвٵջҰ˺ܶࡣЩطУ漰ִġҲþԣڻ֮֮϶һĸҲֻռС
Գطңһ
֮УŮĳԱۼȵһ쾰ŮĻöࡣЩŮԱ඼ŭı顣Գ֣ǲŶֹͣۡ
ʦ֣˶ž
ʲô˵
ʦ֣Щ̫ˡǷʦֺʦ֣̫ˡ̫һǰߵ˵
˾Σ۾ʵ
ʦԱĿǰǵᣬδһǧꡣʦҲвǧ꣬Ѿڼ֮ǰ̤ﾳˡЩԣ˵ʦпܻĵӡˣʦҲĳԱ̫һ˵
ǧﾳȷʵѵá
š֪ˣȻôңҾͼǺˡԵͷǸһĨЦ⡣
һ粽ѾŮ̫һŮԱҲѸٸ˳ȥ


1884 һϰ
һʱ䣬ŮԱȷʵܱ
ȻԱҪԵǾԣɾԾŮԱŮΨһ칬ĵӣ˵ʦ֡
˶žԣŮ
桭治١
˾ǰڳʯʯʣȡˮʳ߳Աġ
Щ˿Ů֮ڣһӴȺӰĿ㶼۹ܿھԵϡ
Ⱥˣ󲿷ֶûԱˣⲢȷԵݡŮΪ칬ŵӣھԾԵҲͺ֮ˡ
Ǿԣ˵һЩҪң˭Զס壬΢У˫֣ʵ
ʦ֣Ǻ칬½ĺĵӣǶĽúܡԣŮֻʦ֣ĺѡû취Ǿֻÿ춼ڴÿԿʦ㡣һŵӣ˵
ȻгƾΪʦֹ֣̬ûйζ
ʦ֣˾Ƿʦ֣岽Ϊں칬֮е֮УʵǰС̫һھߣ˵
칬ռ֮һ
ŵе岽սҲǺܱ뺷ģٱЩ岽ǿöࡣأԵΪŵӣɼȷʵҲͬһ㣬һЩʵߡ
ʦ˵ûʦһ棬ǺѡоϣȼˣҪѡһ˿˵
ʦ֣˾ʦ֮֡ǰҲǺǿĵ˵ѾͻƳɹ̤ﾳĳԱΪͻﾳڲһףڵΪʱսͺֲ̤ܿﾳǾ̫͡һھߵܵ
ʦ֡ʦ֣ʦǺĵӣֻŵӡʦֲǣǲǺ𣿡һɫȹŮ齿һ˵
ǰĵӡĵӰ
칬ĿǰҲͲʮĸĵӶѡ
ĵ󣬿ɲЩŵӡŵܼġһЩð׷
ǣǶԾԲΪȻΪûʸΪĵӡ
վǰĵӣǾԲ˵˵ЩﾳĺĵӣĵӣҲֻ
ǶԾԣǸͲ𾴡ϳʦ֣ĵ׻֪ôġкܶˣĵ׼Ƿ
λʦܡʦã
Գˡ
֮ǰһʱ䣬֮ûгԳݰڼӡŮطңһֱоطȷʵûʲôʱ䡣
λ½⡣Ի˵
Ǻǡ
Ⱥһ궯඼м
ˣҲˣԺҲͶʶˡûµĻͶɢ˰ɣǾۼŮ֮ǰҲ̫׵Լ˵
ʦ֣Ǻĵӣʵһǿɣҷǧ̤꣬岽ΣҲһЩĵá֪ɷʦдд裿۾žԣ˵
Ҳء
д裿Ե
ûʦ岽Ҳ岽ʦԸд裬칬Ҳġصͷ˵ʦֲǲмдɣ
д裬ǿԡԳš
ֻʵıȽҲ̫󡣾д裬Ҳû̫塣΢΢ҡͷ
˵ʲô
ߣʦ֣𣿺ߣʦ֣Ҳֵܵһɫʱ
ĵӣ칬ڹϵĵεһǿߡ
ԾȻ˵Լʵ̫ؽ칬ʱʵϽѾŵе̳ȻǵΣһЩﾳŵӣǰҲҪӡ
ˣ㣬˵ʵ֮ǰһЩϢ˵вʦܺʦöд衣ôڣдʦܺʦãվҿĿӷɨֿȺ
ǺǣҲ뾰ʦдһ
ԣʦֽһ
ں̵ܶʱڣʮ칬վҪսԣоȻһŵӵݡ
𣿡˵
ûµս߳֡ʮսԵˣžԡ
ţΪ˽ʡʱ䣬λʦܺʦãһϰɡԵ˵ͷŶķصʮ岽˵
ţ
ʲô
һϣ
ȻûԤϵԻһϣھѯ˭ҪԼдʱǻΪ֮һʵһЩĽ֡


1885 һ
ʮվ׼սԵˣԶ岽Ϊÿս
ţʦǰҲԲ˵һ˶սʮˡ
ԣ˿
ʮ˵ɫһһѿҪһ˶սʮˣȫǷ˵衣ǱʦҲˣ½ĵӾԣƾʲô
ʦ֣ȷɭ
ԣǼȻд裬Ǿһϰɡһ̫ʱˡԵͷ΢Ц˵
ھԵ̬ȣŮĳԱҲȫ͡
ʦѵǷ
ʵŮĳԱҲΪԵʵжǿΪԵս൱Ͳˡ
ڴﵽʦǸΣǲܵġ޾УܴﵽʦǸεĲżѡ֪ģʮ˶ûС
칬ڣֻʦһĵ
ʦ֣㡭̫һŮԱһǡ
Ƕ˵ŮĳԱǺ۸ġԴŮˡ
ԵĴ̫һ˶ͷȡŮĳԱǺ۸ġ仰Ǹпǧ
ֻǣʵȴǿǰ
ʦ֣ǲ̫дһЩֻǵΪѣĪ˷ܾǵս𣿡վӾӸ̬žԡ
ǧ̤꣬ﾳϣĵӡ
̤ﾳ֮ϵټĵ¡
ص˶Ʋԣ˵ˡоһʦ֣ȫΪ칬Ĺء
д󣿡Կӡ
Ӷ԰ɣʦܣƺѾ̤ﾳˣҲһɡЦһ˵
㡭ӶҪ͹
ԣȻҪҲ֣
ˣǷˡ
ʦ֣ģӵ
ԣԵͷ
ʦ֣ҪսҵġӦսǾ̫ˡãӣսһХ
£칬ﾳǲսӵġǣȴսﾳӡֻҪԼʵ㹻ţս߾ĵӡǸ߾ս;ӣǾͲˡ
ңǼ͵ĵȥսߵĵӣǼߵĵʵ㹻Ϳ⽫ǰ߻ɱǽ׼ࡣ
ʵӱԾԳ֣Եʵ칬Ĺأ˵սĻڣǾҪս⡣
ˣҪٵʱ䡣ǣְɣԴߴ˵
ʦܣһԿšʦԵսңضԼʵǳšҾȳ֣þʦӶԷص˵
ȻˣȻصȵ֡ҲȫûбҪʵҲĶ֡ʵҲͨﾳӣȻ̤ﾳãսѾֱ׷ﾳнǿˡ
㲻ﾳнǿߣҲ̫
ˣȡһžԻһ¡
ֲѹ֮ص칬ӣȫ˺Զˣⱻ
ǿЦȻҪսʦ֡
ȡˣ
ҴԼ֪ôˣʦﾳǿߣǵĻ㱻ʦֻܣƺҲ˵ʵСϾﾳܣǺ顣ʦҲвڵʦ֡˷˵
ԣ˶Ȼ
ԣĻ
ţװһµһӣȴһֱǡǺʦ֣ϵˡ
ûϵʦֻ֮һǻսһ˵

ʦ֣СˣӻӶ಻ĵƸֳ嫵žѹȹȥ
Ҳȡϼ֮ϣת
ŹеۣɵƵĽɫ̿γһֵͼ
ƣԿһȡ
⣬͵һ£ǰϮɱȥ
ɵƣ
Ǻ칬طԣȻѾ˺ɵơǣŸոճΪĵô˿պɵƣ˾
칬֮ڣֻкĵԼ߲Աʸɵһ缶ط
䣡
˻תžΪôպɵƵʱ򣬾ԵĽѾʩչطײ
ʩչطܣֻ˺ܶݵʱ顣
ʲôɫһŵĿǰĽϮɱ
ȫ£̸ֳƣ纣һӿ
ۣ֮⣬֮ϡ
һҽ֮ӵӰһ㵹˳ȥ


1886 ü
ӵʵȷʵ
棬ڵʵһЩﾳǿߣһᡣвȫ˲ʲô¡
뾰ȣͲࡣ
Եʵжǿ칬֮ǰɱ֮ӵս˿Щͨﾳ顣ڵϣз˵Ĵõıˣ޷ѱնɱˡ
˵ѩ׹ʱ򣬾ԵսȫﾳˣǻܶԷԳɽ½ǸﾳǿߣԶ˿塣
ھ칬Ȼʱ䲻Ůоһʱط֮оԶԺɵƺ͹еմ߷Щġ
£ﾳ뾰ȣ
ο̤ﾳãﾳƿؿδȫһɳȥʵǺ顣
ӲҽţɳԶٶȲ
һĻŮ֮ǰڶ칬Աȫʵʵ͡е𺳣޷
ӱһɳȥǸ޷顣ΪֻǵΪﾳʦֶսﾳӣҲȻᴦ·硣
ڡ
һֱķأʱһ˫ӶҪɳǵЦûɢȥţܹʦֽԺݺݽѵһٵĳ档
ŮڳԱ𾪣ǿϲ
ǿ
ʦ̫ǿˣ
ǲףΪξʦָոս칬ܳΪĵӡǰ봫˵ΪŮ洵ĹϵԲܹúĵݡȫǳʦܳΪĵӣȫΪʵ
Ůڿüˣ
ֻǣܶ޷ǣԵʵΪλ֮ǿƺҪʦֶǿöࡣ
һֱΪʦǸεĵϾͬ޵еĴˡ
ʵϱ˵ˣ칬λһֱҲôΪ
֮ӵĵЩΪǾͬûеֵġ
ڣ˭ұд裿ûϼתĿܡ
û˵
Цﾳʦֶһ˳ȥð춼Щˣ˭뾰һս
أô˵ˣ㲻ǣд𣿡Կء
ɫ԰ףԾԵʣһֶ˵
죬ˣ
ǣס仰ΪһʵΪԼǿˡǰҲǣΪҲ˷ʱ䡣أ䱾վۼŮ֮ǰҫ
ǶŵӡŵӣǺĵӡ칬ĹأҲսңѿûǸʸ񣡽죬ҲǼƽ̫ࡣԺ󣬻ͷϲ̤Ҿ顣
ԵԶ
պ칬ĹأЩŵӡŵսĵӣǾԼֱӳֺɱȫġԻˡӣҲûм׷ԾԵʵĻӶӲһɱӱɡ
ڱϣ֮ӵǲġ
ʦ֣֮ǰȷʵˡ
ǲ֪ʦֵʵ֮ǿ
ԺǾԲٶԾʦκβ
ЩŵӺŵӣ඼Ǹ⣬ԵǸ
ˣϻö˵ɢȥɣ
أƺ𣿡ԿɫҰ׵ķʡ
ңǳ鴤˵
ңߣԶˡң岽Ϊսһնɱ㡣
ţҿԸ㣬ɱ֮ӵֻЦһ˵
ʲôصˣɫٱ䡣
֣ǲİ
޾磬Ǽ亱ġο֮ӵݣǵĵ֮һ
ʦ֣Ȼɱ˵
Ϣûȫ
Ͼʱ仹̣ܶԻɱ֮󣬾̱Ԩ۴˵۶Ȼֺܿ챻Ů洵غ칬칬Ҳһʱ䡣
칬ЩźŵӣûõϢ
˵仰֮󣬾ԷŮطоط
Ȼ칬칬ıӣԻкǿļȸСҪ̤ﾳΪﾳǿߣ޾УҲһԱ֮˵ҲԶں칬ȥ
һֱţԼļ档̤ﾳٺķһЩʱ;о޸浱õ


1887 ֻ
ŮҲ̫һŮԱ̸һᡣ
֪̫һǰںܳһʱﴦȽΡŮ½ȷʵЩ㡣֮ڣҲòʲôǿĳԱ
ԺͲһˡ
оŮǾǿȶһĴڡ˵ѰšŵӣǺĵӿҲ׼̤Ůˡ
һӵϢܿں칬
ڳĿõ칬ԱֻϢ칬ͷˡҲûˣ˵ʵУǿŮĹϵŻúĵݵġ
Զķ׷Ҳùʣһͷطңȫעط֮ϡ
꣬Բ뿪Ůطҡ
ʱԽӴطͼ࣬ЩطԻûȥֻѡֱȽɫһ£Ҳûķ̫оЩطҪǼԸط˽⡣
ȥңطңǰŮҡ
Ǻĵӣÿʱ䣬ꡣ꣬Ҫĺ칬Ļ֡
Ҳ֪ЧΡ
ԿЧӦò
ҵЧȷʵǳĺá
ѹ֣칬ҵʹзǳϸơ
ұҪļԴûκƣԺ칬ĲҲֲ֧˶ʱ䡣Ըսңһ˼ͻ
طҹۿطкܶഥҪЩתΪʵǹؼһ
УԷǰЩܿͱ򡣶ʲôܵõԼҪĽ
Խص㣬ںɵơϣҲ֮⣬Ƕյ˽⡣
£ֻƿ߲˺ѻգ涴͡һǷǳµġԣȻҲҲģս˽⡣
޾УǶǿռ
ڼ棬ʵԺСʱ򣬾Ծܲϵ˲ơգҲеӣһ
Ĺת˲
רע¾Զûʱŵĸоҵܲ٣ȥ᲻Ͽ۳칬֣ԲŷӦ
һҡ
ԵĸֶΣûʵı仯
ɵƣĲ㡣
У㡣
Ȼǰʮ˲㡣
ģҪ
ЩֶȻûʵͻƣϣѾͬնңܸоԼﾳԽԽ
֮֮Ϊ
ңԾԼ֮Ѿһؼ㡣ܳȥ֮ɱ䡣Լ֮ܽɱ䣬ʽ̤ﾳ
ֻڣǷȱһ㡣
ȥֻص΢΢һУŮź칬ֻصжȥ
칬һֻصֻصǺ칬򹬱
޾У˭֪칬һǺɵƣΪطһֻشΪ򹬱
ڼ棬ŮֻصŮֻصǺġֻصʵֻһһܵģͶѡֻصȣŮֻصֻƤë
ʵϣ߹ܶ棬ͳȥֻصҲв١ЩֻصŮӵеֻصһ
ڣҪֻصֻء
ֻصһ߲㡣
ÿһ㣬һѶȡ
ڴֻصĹУԵõĥ£ôǷǳġ
ܿ죬Ծֻص֮ǰڣƽͺһͨݵķš
֮⣬վһᡣ󣬽һƶС
ھԽֻص˲䡣
칬λԼλ㶼Ӧˡ
˴ֻأ
˭
ţԣ½ĵӾԣҪֻأ
ͬʱǾͶ֪ǾԽֻصҪֻء
ҪֻأҲмϸƵġֻкĵӣдֻصʸŵӺŵӣʵǿҲ޷ֻص
Сһļ
칬꣬봳ֻˡ
ǺǣƻᱻֻѶһɡ
һӦû⡣ͨﾳ飬ܴһ㡣ڶͺˣﾳ۷εϣȾСӵ˵ڶ㣬»ᱻ
̫ˡʵֻأͲôżʵ̤ﾳ֮󣬴ڶϣܴȫ̤ﾳ֮ȥֻء
Ǻ͸һ¹ھԴֻ¡


1888 ǿ
Ů洵ԾԴֻҲЩ⡣
ǰ˵Ҫȥֻأ϶Ȱ衣Ȼ칬ĵʸֻأȴҲûơһĵӣһʱڣֻܴһֻص칬ĺĵӶӴֻصĻᡣ
ֻأȷʵܸ޴İ
ֻصΪ칬֮Щеͨɱȡ
ֻصҲһܵıڹͷ϶Ż綥ܡ潫ֻصں칬֮ڣҪҲĿǡ
һغ칬
һΪ칬ĵṩһʵĻᡣ
ƽ£ֻصĹҲͿֶѡ칬繥ʱֻصܲŻȫֻصڣº治칬֮ڣ칬Ҳֵܹռǿߵĺ
ǻ綥
Ȼˣ޾ռҲεı
ʱԽ뵽ֻصڲ
ֻصһ߲㣬Ŀǰڵһ㡣
򣡡
һ룬˲Ϣ䣬ӦŨĴϢ
칬ڲĴϢͱҪŨöࡣֻصڣϢĻ̶ȣȴǱ칬ڻŨʮ
ŨĴϢΧѡ
̫ʹˣ
ָоЩ̷ԪҶĿоһ
ȻˣֻصŨĴϢЧ϶޷̷ԪҶȵġˣҲԵԤˡ
䣡
ʱ򣬾ǰĿռͻȻŤһߴӰ֡
ȫڣͷнǣצӷļµĹ
壡
ǽڿ֮ⶫֻصһĹĿ⣬ǰĹϡ
ϸ˵ʵ塣ֻǣѾĨֶΣ䱾ѹдС
ǣʵȴǼûκ½ġ
ڵһͷʵͨﾳ൱ľ磬Ҳ岽
սǳ뺷һ岽ڶʱڱսͨﾳġ޾磬УΨļܹͬɱ
类Իɱĵ칬һΡ
ɱ϶ֻĲΪ
ҪֻصȻңǰĹͳ
ûзϻֱȡϼһնɱ˳ȥ
ӶצڹֵͷŵĽ⡣
飡ﱻ޴ˡ
ü
ﾭƺ󣬷ƺǿһЩһǿ֮ҪѶȾʹϾֻһʱ䡣ת
Ｄսֻһʱ䡣ڹ涨ʱڲܻɱôؾʧܣᱻͳֻصڰװ˷һνֻصĻᡣһֻصǾҪһ֮ˡ
𣡡ﱻԻˣŭ͵һž˹
սɣ΢΢ҡͷ
֮
֮ɵƣʩչ֮ͺɵطĻݺݵŹȫǹȥ
ԾԵʵɱ岽ȷʵʲô¡ȻﾭƣϾ岽ķ롣
յʱ䶼ûԱ㽫նɱˡ
ţԿʬ塣
һϤϢ֮ݹ˫ĿԲĿǰ

⡭⡭
Ȼ뵣ϲ
ڴֻ֮ǰԲ֪һ㣬ո칬Ҳǵһδֻء
̫ˣ
ĵӵĴǺõû˵Цһ
ԣֻصӦڱƳʱ򣬾ͼȻЩɱɱ仯ﱻնɱһ̣Ѿȷ᲻뵡
Ҳ˵ֻصڵ뵳Ȼʱġ򣬾֮ǰնɱ뵣Ҳͱȡˡ
ɱֻصȡǺ칬ĵӵĸ
չ΢΢һСһɫǻΪһɫžӿ̿һɫڼʱ򣬾ɹָоԶǡ
ˣ뵽ԼͬʱԾԸоԼǿˡ


1889 ﾳ
谭
ԣӦ겹Ʒ
Щףûκθãֱǿȡֻǿϧ̫٣ܹ뵳ǳϡ١
һͼҪʮϵɱ¾֡
ͼûдﵽ뵳
ڼɵʱ˾ԴԼһҵǿȡ
ھɵ岽ģƷߣЧҲԸá
δ̫ʱ䣬Ա㽫һȫɡ壬õ˴ȵԸһЩԼȣһɡ
Ҫ֪һɷڼһɷͬĸ뿪ʱ򣬻ǵΪ̤ʱ屾һ޴Ҳ˵ԵǿҪڼʱ߳һء
ڴ˻ϣȻһɵǿȣ˵岽ҪԶԶڼʱյһ
֮󣬾ϥ¡
ɱص֮󣬾Աֻصһһʱ䡣
ֻأҪڹ涨ʱڻɱ򣬾ͻᱻǿƴͳֻصɱɹ˳Ӧλꡣ
ֻصĻɱŮȵǿ̫ˡ
Բ˷˿ʱ䣬ȫעϡ
ʱ䲻࣬޷еطֶΡǡص֮ϡ˾
ǿȵļֻصԶ֮Ĳ򣬼ֱ
֮ǰںܳһʱ֮ͣͲǰڣȴ·ˮɣȻȻǰĵط
ʮʱȥ
Ե֮õͻƣӾΣﵽɲΡ
֮ͻƺ󣬾ԸоԼƺõ֮ΪǧĵȷʵͬѰǵȸоڽ֮յɲʱеġ
˼ת̿
Լģоڤڤ֮Ĺ
ָо
ǶԼĵԼܵˣԼ칬֮ڣܹӦ˵ܸоӸ߷ܸо˰ѩܸоԼĶŮȵȺ
оǺЩܵΣգǻ̾Ӧġ
֮ޱȣ֮޷˵
֮֮޷ϸĴҲΪˣֵŵóûǧһ
֮ͻƣĻϲֻǣȻûܾʹ̤ﾳ
֮ͻ֮ǰԾԼпƾ֮ͻƣ̤ﾳΡڣǲһ㣬ԼﾳѾܽӽܽӽɾǲһ˿˿ﾳ֮ǰ·͸һֽһֽͱƣͻǵﾳ
ʱ䣬ȥʮ꣬оʮ꣡˫Ŀʱ䡣
ɵƵ㣿ǲеĲ㣿ֻߣ΢ü
ŵѡ񡣡
ҵϣȻΪǰѩ׹һ·ɹɱ¾ҲһһЩԴټϻɱҲȡ˺ܶԴЩԴʺЩطģȽ١
⼸ǿֶΣҪĺԴûԴʹ粽С
ҾŮҵİ꣬Ҳȥ˲ٵԴ
ֻصڵʱô
⼸ֶΣȷʵЩ㡣
ţ
գԣϵ츳ʵͣһֱû˼֮档ڣÿԲһ¡֮ҵı͸ǿˡһ
ˣ㿪ʼ֮
طͬҪ̫ԴΪҪĻһ֡򡯡
޾УкܶӣһЩ飬һ֮˵ʵͻͽ
ϵ츳ȷʵǺܸߵģСʱ򣬾ͺ˹յķܹ˲ƶ
мʵĻ֮ͻ֧֮ţԲ֮ѡ
Լֻʮʱ䣬ԱѾ֮աʮʱ䣬֮ݵΡ
֮յ֮
䣡
꣡Եڣ·һϰˡ
ǲ赲̤ﾳֽͱˣ
ԣһ̣˳̤ﾳ
ﾳǿǼ˲õ顣˵ˣȫλĵõ


1890 ڶ
޾磬ںܶСĻ֮Уֻһλﾳ顣ֻйԬﵽﾳΡ
׾ȻҲڣ׾ȴˣǺ칬Ա
ﾳĲ࣬Ƿǳ޴ġ岽Ϊ飿ǣǿ粻һ޷̤ﾳ
岽ﾳʵ࣬ǵһ㡣
ܹﾳƥе岽޾綼޼ĵ飬֪ʮûС
޾У岽٣˵޷塣ƥﾳȴֻиλѡĵܻûռǿࡣ
Ϊˣκһռܹƥﾳĵ飬ĿءΪĵ飬δнϴϣΪռڵġ
ĵ飬Щﾳ۷μֵߣӳ̶ȣƿ߲ǿ
칬ڲϾԣʮλĵӡоλĵȻ١оǣЩĵУھ֮ǰֻһƥﾳĵ顣
ʮĵӣѾǴﵽﾳܽĵӣҲΪڵʱƥﾳٶȷǳ죬ڽ϶̵ʱھͽﾳ飬ϣΪƿ߲ǿߵġ
ǰһնɵӣǧ̤ﾳܽΪĵӡ
ڵľ̤ﾳսǷǳ޴ġ
ֱչ
֮һǳʯ㱻ȡֱͷųЩǳʯ
ոͻƣҪ䡣ǰʮöǳʯڸպϡ
ʱ֮󣬽ʮöǳʯɺ󣬾Եľȹ
ȫȵþһܹɨһеĸоȻҲ֪ԼʵȻǿȴԶ޷ƿȡ
̫ˡ
ȹԼֻصĵһ㡣һʱ䣬ʣ༸ʮ꣬˷ˡ
ֻصһʱҪʱ֮Ǵﵽ˴ɲΡ
֮Ľ֮յɲΣ֮ҲϢϢءԷ֣Լ֮յɲκ󣬾ǿԽ
һ㣬ǰûз֡ǰҲЧֻǲ̫ԣԺˡ
ˣִɲεĴһ֮ǻ֮֮
ִ򣬴ྶ֮ͥΪ棬֮ƥܹ֮մұǿ
Ŀǰʮ˲㣬ֻյһͼյڶͼ֮й׺ķôԵıͿֲˡֻƿߣɱˡ
ಣ
ӰһɫӰʧֻصһ㡣һ̣Գֻصڶ㡣
ֻص߲㣬һġУᵽ𡣵ڶĴϢȵһ㻹ҪŨһάȳ̶ȵĴϢҪĶԴ
ģȷʵ޷̫С
ԼĪһʱȥ󣬿ռŤɫӰ١
ڶߣһ֡
䣡µϢѹϯ
ﾳ
ڶعǴﵽﾳľ硣Ϣֻôڶһһġ
֪ڶʵܹɱһǸ
岽ﾳô
岽ﾳҲˡ
޾磬ﾳȺﾳΪĸȼﾳֻһͨΣһǽΡ
ͨﾳ𲻴󡣵ΣǾмˡﾳѾɫǽɫ
κͨﾳ壬вαװεġαװֻ֮ۿ޷Ĳ𡣵ϢȴǺαװֻҪɨǾǵȺ飬ֶܷԷʵαװ
Сӣ
봳ڶ㣬Ҫңﶢžԣͳɢɱӿд
ôҾͿʵжǿۣϼǰ
⣬ˮһ㵴

칬
Сһֻصһ˰ɣ
ţȷʵһˡԾԵʵһû⣬ֻصһһʱ䡣׵󲨶
ӦҪǿƱͳ˰ɣһλ
αͳһξҪһ֮󣬲ٴδֻصˡ
칬λȻȽϹעԡھԽֻصʱ伴ʱǶ


1891 Ժ
ֻܴصһ㣬Ҷ⡣ԾǰչֳʵǴһǲ⡣
ھܴܲڶ㣬ûκһλ߸ԡ
ֻصڶһﾳƹЩȴǴҪһʱڻﾳѰﾳ۷鶼δ
ţ
⡭
ô£Сӿʼֻصڶˣ
̫ˡֻصСпģ
Ǻ͸о˾ڴڶ㡣
ֻص֮ʵҲΪصˡǣȻܱ֤һȫ
ǺΣգֺĥµ壿
ֻصܵõϢŨԼһǳҪþĥ
岽ͿֻͨصһĥԼ
Ů洵ô£򸱹
⡭ҲʵԴֻص֮ǰûжԼǰֻصġŮ洵εĻӦ˵
ǷˣĿţӦöбȽϷһЩͷ˵ִȻôô̵ʱڴﵽ岽սѹͨﾳء򸱹˵
ⲻǷˣֱԼϵ˵
Ծܾһֱڻ
ﾳȥڶ㣬ʲôϵƺ±侰ԣֲһ䡣
ȷʵǺΣգСһ㣬ӦⲻֻҪòֻ֣̹ͨصͳɡ˵
ߣϴνȥڶ㣬ûһʱնɱϵ˵
ͣ칬ĵӣһﾳǿߡңѴﵽﾳڽһʱ䣬ӽﾳˡ
һﾳ۷εŵӽ֣󶼲ʤŵӽ֣Կ·ģǽڷֶϷǳǿﾳ۷ŵҲ޷ܽ͡
Ҳ˵ﾳںĵӣﾳ۷ʵ
֮ǰȥֻصڶ㣬ʧܣûһʱ޶ڣɱڶ
Щ۵ʱ򣬾ֻصڶ㣬ﾳɱ
̫ǿˣ
ٶҲˣ̽ս
ͼóǵ츳˵κһٶȶǷǳġ
ҺѾմɲ֮Ȼµ޷Чﾳͷת
ԵﾳҲͷۡԵĻֱ֮ӻжԷ̺ĺɵܼϹܣ޷̫˺
ҪɱֻܿĥԷ
άǿǺܿġһ£ֻҪԼƵʹ죬Ӧÿһ޶ʱڣɱ
֪ϣԵЧǺܿɹ۵ġһѰﾳ۷飬ܶδоԵЧʸߡ
Уŭ໽С
Ҳķ
ǣԵҲǸǵġд߶ͬǿסĹУټ칬ĵӷۣþӲһﾳĹҲƮƮѪһѪѡ
ԾãԼܽݵĲ㣬Ǿվԭزε⹥Լû֮ǡ
Уôǿǻ缶طǻԪռǿĴط
ʱһš
ڶϢʼĵ̫ˣЩΪˡ
ǣǿҵıִ֮֮ܲϴ߶

°
⡭Щ˰ɣ
ǰⶼȥһʱˣСӾȻûͳ
ڶﲫɱôģ
ȷʵߣֻصϢȷڶɱ
˼⾰ԣѵѾ̤ﾳ˲ɣôܣƺһٶʱɣһٶ̤꣬ﾳƺ޾ʷ϶ûС
ţ޾ʷϣȷʵûаﾳġһӦǶۣݳƶİ̤ﾳҮ긱ͻȻð˳
֮ǰλ֮ҽ򸱹ż˵һ䣬Ү긱ȴһֶû˵ġڣͻȻʹ˵һ䡣


1892 
Ү긱ͻȻ˵Ҳһֱڹעֻصľԣֻǰû˵ѡ
Ү긱˵Ķۣ޾һ
޾Уƿ߲εĴڣİһЩñȽϾԶﾳû˵ɫʵ֡
İ̤ﾳǧ̤ƿ߲Ρң۲ٶޱȣսҲޱȵľˡ˵ƿ߲ξռǿ߶ݣ˵ǹھĿǿˡ
ǣޱȵĶںܶʱֲ֪ʲôԭ򣬺ܿ伣˵ûܴﵽռΣҲ˵ﵽռΡ۵ûдﵽռΣûȷеĶۡ
һ㵹ܹȷǾǣʧˣû֪ȥǻеռڣƺҲ޷ȷ۵䡣
Ү긱˵𶫻ۣĻ͸򣬱㶼˶ݵĳĬ
һᡣ
ۣİ̤ﾳԣʱһٶ꣬˵̤ﾳƺǲܵġϵ˵
Բ̤ﾳνֻصڶɱôã棬Ȼս󣬵ܸӦֻصڶսڼҾԲδ뿪ֻصֻһͣɱ׵˵
׵˵Ҳͷ
ŴҶڣһ¡ӾԽ칬ѾͨѶķʽջǣҪǽԣǾɱ֮ӵ׵˵һ䡣
ʱ䣬׵칬ⲿϢȷ׵Ҫ칬ԣ׵ȻΪǲܵ飬ԲδټԼ顣
ҪǽԣĴȥ
ĴѶ򸱹Ҳ˵
ǺǣҾͲţҵǺ칬ҪˡϵЦһ
ϵȻԾЩˬֲˬû޵ĵزϵҲǶԺ칬ҳϵһλں칬ʱ伫ϵȻþʱЩȴҲ֪ԵǱжôľ޴ԲὫԽġ
ͻڽϣȫͳһ
ֻصڶ㣡
䣡
顭˻˻
ﾳɱڳһʱٽԵĹ׺ݣ˺ܶΪ˷ʱԽʡʱȫϡ
ʱģǹѪﾳԺ䡣
ۣһʱ伴ʱ򣬾ڳɹĻɱﾳ
̫ɱˣ
ס֣ĨһǵѪۣ³һ
ãǳɹ޶ʱɱ˴˹Ҿʱ䡣ȻϣҲڲɱܵһЩƣԾȴǿܵúܡ
ЩƲأһЩ˵ĵҩ󣬺ܿȬټϣϹŴеطڻָҲǷǳ˵ġ

жϵȷʵû
ֻصЩƵбġ˼һȥֹ޷ɢ
һΣûֱ
㣬ȳȥ֮һҪ׼кͺɵƵĲϣȻطиĽ
˵ˣ׷󻯡
û׼ȫ
ǰ׼㹻Դôֻص£ط϶񡣡΢΢ҡͷ
ֻǿϧ
Դܶˣǰ׼ҲѡȻһǧ칬֡ǧ֣һﾳ˵ҲǾˣɶھ˵治ʲôطҪĲ϶֡˵ǧ֣֣Զ
̫ᣬ۵ʱ̫̣Щ˼ʮꡢǧϼһ
̫죬ƱؾͻᵼԴϵĶȱҲû취顣ԻȡԴٶͬ˵Ƿǳǳ죬ۺ졣ǣȻ޷󡣳ǣȫõһռǿߵĲƸȫõżڵԴ
ǣȻһõżȴҪյ߲㡣ԣڽǰĹС
꣬Ҫɣ֮֮֮Բϥ


1893 ﾳ
ԴڶһʱȻûбֻصͳ͸ǣȷһ£ǾѾسɹ
Ƕ֪ʲô顣
ʱֻصҲ޷뾰ԹֻͨܵȰ֮Դֻص
ʵʱ򣬺칬ڣѾǵ͸֪ԴֻˡĵӣҲõϢ
ֻ֪صڶ㴳سɹĵӣҲըˣһ޷֮⣬ĵʮﾳΪʮУĿǰֻ˴ֻصڶ㡣Ҳ˵˱ڶﵲס˽Ų
Щﾳĺĵӣʱ̵ģҲѾʱˡΪĵӣʱ䣬Ƕûֻͨصڶ㡣֪˵Գɹͨ˵ڶ㣬𺳵顣
ʱ䣬ܿȥˡ
ֻصڶ֮ʱԻڲԼյִֻص֮£ԵĽȻǺܴġִҲֻһ䣬δﵽʱĵز
ִУģǻ֮Ѿʱı߽硣Ҳ˵ԾﾳѾܽӽ
ৣ
Դֻصڣͳ
Գȥ㣬ﾳӦԷϢ󣬾Ծֱӹֻͨص飬ͳֻص
壬ڵľܹġ
ɢϢԷǳΣյĸо
ƿߡ
ԾڵʵȷʵֵܵǹЩĽ塣Դﵽﾳڣܳһڣ붼롣
ԣ칬
ԸոճֻصͽӵŮ洵ĴѶ
ĿһתӰ칬ȥܿ죬ִ칬칬ı־
ʱ֮ڣλ͸ڡƹܱҮ긱
ˣڵžԵ
λԼˣּ
оһȵĿⶼԼϡ
ԣ̤ﾳ𣿡Ů洵ȿʵŮԱ
ţȷʵѾ̤ﾳֻصͻƵġԵͷ˵
ûʲôҪģҲס
ԵĻشڳɫȻһ䡣Ȼ²⵽ֻһֿܣ׿ڳϣȻǲ𺳡ڳģǻƿ߲ǿߡ
ˡЦһ˵
ֹδԽҺ칬֧׵ҲЦ
ԣ񣬴Լжˣ򸱹žʵ
ʱٵĻӦһٶꡣ˵
ʱ٣ᱻʱ֮ڡеǿߣ˭ûùʱٵֶΣʱշһΣͿĸıʱ١
ڸıʱٵ£״̬ǺѴﵽġҪִطֶʱڼʱٵ£Ǽܵ顣
ңҲʱٵҪԭһϢŨĻ֮£ʱ䣬ôҪĵԴҲǳɼαġ
˵ֻصĻ¼ʱһôҪĵԴµʮ
ʱ䣬޾мһЩСܴǿˡ
ǡ˰򸱹̾ţҡҡͷ
ԣ֪޾ʷﾳ򸱹˵
ǰңԲͻƹ죬սҲͬ¡һλ۾гһ˵
ۣİﵽﾳ㣬һﵽﾳǺǣ˭˵ﵽƿ߲Σöʱ䣿ϵЦ
ڵϵԾԵ̬ԶˡǰĲ죬ƺȫˡ
ǺĵӣӵﾳҪһ²ȷҮ긱˵
칬ĵӣͻƾǻõһݽġ
˼룬õһݽͻƣҲõһݽȻˣǴﵽʱ޺ɳȥĳԱͻƾ磬Ǿûˡ׾ŴӵͻƵﾳûõ
ͻƽŵӡŵӻǺĵӣСֻǣĵӵͻƽࡣҽҲǹ̶ģݵӵʱͻԽ죬Խߡ
Խһٶʱ䣬ʹﵽﾳ칬ʷϴδֹҪϸļȷǶ١
Ү긱Ļһ
ڸǵĿͷͣԲںʵʵڵʽͲͬˡڣԴǳȱ


1894 ͻ
ԲҪԴҪ
ΪǰûоҮ긱ݼ㡣Ǻܿģתݺ칬ƶĽƬ̱˴ŵ֡
ԣвŰ꣬Ժĵ̤ﾳ칬⣬ǧİ֡Ү긱̧ü˵
ǧ֡
칬ɱ¾ֵּ൱ģҲ˵칬Ļ֣ҲԶһһöǳʯǳʯҲ칬֡ǧİ칬֣ȫǳʯԶһİٰʮ֮ޡ
Ҫ֪һﾳھָǳһЩﾳ飬ȫҼҲǳʯѡ
ֻ̤ﾳһλõĽ͸ߴӽǳʯ
һǳ޴֡
ܹǧİ칬֣ҲǷǳϲá
лҮ긱
лλǰæ
˶Цҡͷھܻ˾˻֣Ҳ׼Ͼʯţ޾ʷϣֹֻҪȥ̤ƿ߲ΣǺ칬֧
һԳΪƿߣǾͿֱӴﵽԨǸΣ䲻ռΣȴҲռǿ߽а塣ʵ֮Ϊ칬֧һ㶼Ϊ
ڶ辰һЩԴ֡
ԣҲøлǡ⽱Ǹ칬ģӦõõġ칬Դ඼ǵŪġҪлӦøл칬ĺ档Ү긱΢ЦԾ˵
ƽʱǳĬԵˣȴ˵˲ٻȻҮ긱ԾԣͲҺϲ
վԭЦһƬȡ
ԣƸҡҮ긱˵
Ү긱㽫ǧİ칬֣뵽˾Ե֮ڡԵУΪΪĵʱһǧ֡ǧİ칬֡
ڽǧİֻ뵽֮Ү긱δ̽ƻԡ
ԣ˽ˣһǧ칬֡Ү긱˵
ֱһӣһƬԵڣֱﵽǧİɱ¾֡
Ү긱ǻº󣬾ͽֻ뵽˾Ե֮ڡԣܾȷʵҲܾļطҪԴȷʵֲ̫
ڳĿ򸱹ɫȴǶ΢΢һ顣мʶĿҮ긱УҲ̲סĸ˼䡣
Ү긱˽˵壬칬֣˭ܲšǣͻ֣ȫ˽аŴҵ;Ի֣˶Щϲÿ
ûǲͻָԣǿ϶ûӣ޹⣬ĵӡ
ȻҮȹǹôġҪ˶ܣܱܲסͻָԡ
лԽӹƺл
һΣҮ굹û˵ʲôÿĻ
ԣƸҡŮ洵һҲڡ
Ů㡭ʶ
Ů洵ֱһ֣еŪ˹ȥٴλӶֱۣɫ㸡ֶ
ŮԱŮһĵӣҲŮﾳ顣ңŮĵô˵Ҳøһݼǡţǧ֣ҾˡŮ洵ЦŶԾ˵
Ů洵ǧ칬ָԡ
ԲŮĳԱŮΨһ칬ĵӣ磬ͬһ档뾰ԣֱһ㣬ҾԻ塣
óǧ֣Ů洵ҲȷʵǾˡλУǿġȻƿ߲Σ̤ƿ߲ʱȷʵ˵Ů洵ĲƸλ͵У϶ٵһóǧ֣ǽ߾ȫˡ
ǸҲ;һǧ칬֡򸱹Ƥ
ʱ򣬲˵ǲˣװЩв֪ͨҮ긱ôһ֣ܾͲ칬žˡ
һȲҪһӾûһǧ칬֣ǳʯ
򸱹ȻǷǳĸУǳʯԲСĿóҲЩ۰
Ҳû취
Ү궼Ǹݣλ൱Үһǧ֣һǧٸǻ粻
ܼ򵥣ԾŰ칬֣˿ٵҮ긱󷽡
֮ǰܾͷͷǳ׵ûˡ
ˣ
̶ʱڣ칬ʹﵽǧİ֡
úúãпϲȴûбֳԵúܰӡ


1895 ֽ
ǧİ֣ټϿ򸱹ոջһǧ֣Ǵﵽǧİ칬֡
жҪŭסñ˿ʱ˼
ɣ֣һְɣ
ڿ򸱹֮󣬾ԻģĿ⿴Ļ
λŮ洵һˣλأǾԴʱ˼
ٺ١Ҳָԡ׵ٺЦһ˵
׵һҲ칬֡ţ˭оǺ칬ɫǱء磬û뾰Եٶȡռ֪Ե츳϶ۺ졣žԡ
ϵǺ죬칬֡ڸղţˡ
ʱ׵תĿϵ
ϵǺ칬ʸϵƿ߲ǿ֮һ
Ҹʲô
ǶСӻ֣ҵȻҲøϵ۵Ļָԡ
ʣµļԸǲԸҲóָԡ
ڳģһλλ
λŮ洵˾ǧ칬֡λÿ֣ǧ֡ȫǧ֡ϾԼõ칬֣һİ֡
Ե칬֣ǹˡ
Բ칬ãһʱѣ칬־͹ˣȷʵֲܿ
԰칬֣Ļ֣ڳ˶ˡЦ˵
ٺ١ĺܸлλǰ롣ϵл
üλ˰ֶ֣óȥˣôһҲ޷ֲĴˡ
Ү긱ڵ칬⣬һһЩҪԴԿҮ긱˵
ЩţûʲôôһֶѡɸҪԴʵҪġ
Уãһȥ칬⡣Ү긱ͷ߰ɣ
˸һҮ긱칬
ʦܣ
ճһ
תĿȥһӢòվˣϣҲǺĵӷΡ
ǽͣ
ûͣ칬֮󣬾û칬κһĵӱˡǣŮŮ̫һȳԱ˵칬ĺĵӡԣԲжվڲԶˣǺĵӽ͡
ͣﾳڲΣܽӽﾳˣ̤ﾳڶѾһʱ䡣
ǽʦְɣԻ
Ѿһʱ䡣Լմ;ͽԼԻɽͿܾרŵԼġ
ԣǽ͡͵ͷ
˵ʦֻܴصڶ㣬ȹϲʦˡ˵
лʦ֡Եͷ
ʦ֪ܿܲﾳھΪȴûһʱնɱڶع̧Ŀ˵
һΣûнӻŽͼ˵ȥ
Ү긱ҲھߣھԺͽͶԻʱû졣ʱڵλƺҲ½˳
˵ʦܽ칬ʱδ̤ﾳֻܹصڶ㣬ѾﾳΪˡר̵ʦܣʦдһ¡ʦܲԸ⣬Ǿˡ˵
ȻžԵġ
֮ǰֻصڶʧܣԭҲûʲôĸоʧҲʧˣһȥǡǵ֪һ˴˵ڶ󣬾޷Ȼ֮ˡ޷⣬벻ͨΪʲôԼڶ㣬ȴͨ
̲סҾԣ뿴ԵʵжǿѵԼǿܶࣿ
ԼʵǺŵġֻصڶʱɱûͨأҲΪһʱ䲻óɵڶعķǿ͵Ĺ㣬͵޷سɹ
ĺžܴڶ㡣㾰̤ﾳˣҲһ½ﾳôأ
ʦд裿΢΢һ¡
ţʦǷ㣬ϣдһ¡ұﾳںܾˣһֱ޷ͻơʦдУһЩµĸʦӦҸмͻ˵
УҾʦֽһԴӦдˡ
Ү긱򸱹ԼĵһҲڴˡ
д裬λûоòס
칬Ҳǻд裬ǰǲܶ⡣
Ѿֻصڶ㣬յ˵ʵӦñȽǿģûֻܴصڶ㡣ԣҾд裬ҲΥ칬Ĺ


1896 һ
Ͱڿƣսһ
˶սԷſֽţ뵣ܲ𻵺칬磬ԾԺͽ˵ʵǲɱᲨķΧ칬֮ڣ˵ﾳ飬ƿ߲εĴڣɴģ𻵶ѡ
ռУ۾Է칬һ
Ϊ칬ĺ棬޾ó֮һ칬⣬֪ɺԲ˶شټֻصһ˵칬ķھ硣
ƽҲǾԺͽܹٵġ
ʦܣ룡һơ
ʦ룡Ի
˽֣ɱ˵ȷʵд衣ֻԵʵΪλߵֻܹͨصڶ㡣Բ֤һ£»ʳѰ
˶֮󣬶û˷ʱȥ̽־͵Ĵ󿪴ϵĶԹԺͽͣɵơ˵Ĺ֮Уɫɵͼ֯ѹȥǳĿ
͵ĺɵƣյΣȾԵĺɵƻҪ߳һΣϾʱܾã̤ﾳںʱ䣬ܽɵΣǺ顣
Ǽеɵƣ͵ĹȻôǿҲҪطһǺɵƣһԷƵطԷطͬյȽϸĲΡĺܶʱ;ԴķһطϣӶϵĶ̰塣
ԵĹУȻǿеĹͬǳͻһ缶طɵƶȫȡ͵ķطбȾͲøˡ
յִҲȽ͵յĴﾳڣﾳڽӽڲΡ۵ռǽȷʵҪȾǿһءɾԵ֮ԣֲܹϵĲࡣ֮Ҳþڶսдֵλá
һսӿʼ־עˡʵȷʵǿǾԵĶ֡
սУӿʼͱѹơżķԾҲ첻κв
ҲûýѿҲĽԼĹڶս˲һʱ󣬽;ʶһ㣬ˡ
ʦ֣žԹּ
֪Լʵ羰ԺĿˣƾΪʦֶʦܡ칬֮ڣŵӳƺŵΪʦʦ㡣ŵӳƺĵΪʦʦ㡣ͬĵӣô˭ʵǿ˭ʦʦ㡣
ʵűű඼ˡ
ʦʵȺȷʵԶв硣лʦ֣ӡͻ˵
ʦܿˡЦЦ˵
󣬽ֶһ˵ĸ͵ǹ󣬷뿪
̫ˣ
ո̤ﾳܻܽͣ
Ů洵Ǻðôûأ
е̾ϢеĽŮ洵ܹܽͣʵҲ֮Сֻͨصڶ㣬ǿʵʵڵģԲͶȡɡ
ԣ߰ɣ㲻ҪȥһԴ𣿡Ү긱˵
ţҪȥ⡣˵
Ү긱ȥ˺칬ı⡣⣬һȥͨĹȻˣڲԳɿռġڱڣҲһЩԱҮ긱ֱ쵼š
ԣͶսʱʹõĳЩˡѵûиǿ𣿡Ү긱ʾԡ
ϼھԵļ棬ǿ֮һˡ޾֮УͲ˺ܶࡣ
һһЩܸ౦ǽýȽϰߣԱһֱûиԻӦ˵
òϼϰߣʵҲиˡϼ澰Ժܾˡ
ţûһǿ幥Ү긱˵ͷ˵ڣһЩԿ
Ү긱˵ţһ֣֮һ֡
ȫǽ
еǳеǶ̽еǿУеխС
ԼʮѵӣÿһѶܺ嫣Ȳϼǿöࡣ
ȽһЩҪĶɻ֡˵
ҲԼǬڵ߰Ķȡ˳Ҳл缶ӵͻл缶ͷǼֵϰıҲһͬ˳ⶫԼҲϣŴ˷ֻ裬һԶɺ칬Ļ֡
ԣһ¡Ү긱ͷ˵
óЩҲǱǵͷ


1897 ҪձⰡ
Ӱ˼Ҳнǧ칬ֵļֵ
Ү긱ֱӽóԴǧ칬ָ˾ԡ
Կʼϸ鿴ʮѳȫǻ缶еǿһЩе΢һЩǺܴ󡣾ҪѡǲǸǿҪǷʺԼǴط
һǣԾѡһѽ׵խг
ܺǿҲʺϾԵĻ֮ñȡϼȷʵþԵսһЩȻˣҲ̫
ﾰԲҪһϵĺ칬ĵӳۣǻ缶
׽þԻ칬֡ǳʯʮöǳʯ˵Ƿǳ
ԣ㻹ҪһһЩʲôԴҮ긱ʾԡ
ҪһЩɵƵĲϣһطҲҪĲϡ
Իû˵꣬ͱҮ긱ϡ
˺ˣֱԴŵأѡѡˣҼҪĶһ֡Ү˰֡
һ̣ǰ仯һռ֮ڡԴ
칬ıԴȫһռٷԴĵط
ԣɣҮ긱˵
лԵл
Ү뿪¾ѡһĵӣûִһĵӶһԴЩԱ˵ҪʲôԴȻԱŻὫӦԴóԣֱӽԴŵء
Ү긱뿪󣬾ԿʼѹԴ
ɵԴ
Դ
Դ

ֱڶԴԻǰ
ˣˣ
ʱͻȻСڵͷ뾰Թͨ
СǾԵԴԵԴʩչ籩ˣҪСΪý顣ֻžԵʵͻͽ籩ãȷʵԽԽˡȻ˵Ե岻ǿ籩Ҳǿ
ǣ籩ǿȣԶԶ޷뾰սȡ
籩͵Ϯһﾳ飬ʲôЧ籩һֶΣ̫һЩԸʵȽϵ͵飬ȷʵܺãһ籩ȥֱɱһȺ岻ǿ顣
ɾûҲרȥʵܵ͵ȥģɱ
Сڣôˣʡ
ˣҷһöܻܲңС˵
ŶԵЩ졣
ܿ죬ԾͿСҪĶһɫĿʯŴŴбȽǿճԡ
ʲôҲʶСҪʯ֪֮ǿʯΪбעԵʡ
עҲֻ֣־Բ˵Ҳ֪ʲôôԣŻʶ˵ʲô
ˣⶫҴ󲹣СڵͷУȫ˷ܵƺȲҪõ
УõһᣬҶһ󡣡Ц˵
Сһֱߣѵ÷ҪɵĶԵȻ᲻СڵθڡСʲôСʲô仯Զں
ֽëĶŵǰ󣬾ԼѹԼҪԴ
Լ˽ʱԲֹͣԾԴжһļֵʱòˣֹͣ󣬺Ү긱
Ү긱˾ǰѡĶѻһɽĸԴҲһ
Сʲô
Ѳɣ칬ⲻɣ
ԣЩԴѡĪǶһҪձⰡҮ긱žԣ˿ʵ
ţȫһ֪ҵĻֹЦ˵
칬֣Ŀǰһǧİ֮ޡ
ȼһ¿ɡҮ꿪ʼ
ЩԴǱȽġҲ˵ġڶѻɽԴУûڵܹǱȵġһЩԴ۲ʮöǳʯֵֻöǳʯġ
ԣҪʲô
УҮ긱ͻȻСڵҪë˳ʾԡ
ˣëôˣʵ
ⶫƺȽ⣬Ү긱ԲᵥóʾҪëʲô
ôˣԣⶫӦòʶɣֵ֪𣿾һ飬ֵǧ칬֡ôȴЩ⣬ط϶òϡҮ긱˵ëʱ򣬱ЩŹ֣·ݵӡ
ǧ򡭡֣۸񣬲
֮ǰûëĹŹļֵǱʶУΪҲϰ칬ְˡ


1898 ĸ
ǧ칬֣Ǿ൱İöǳʯȺܶﾳȫҶࡣ
ԶһĻ缶׽źķ칬֣൱ʮǳʯѡ
ۣܲԾ
ҿҮ긱ıëƺʲôΰĶ
ԣë裬ҪһҪǧ칬֡ԣһë裬ʲôԭ򣿡Ү긱תĿžԡ
˼΢΢һ߶Դ
еʦҲܶ࣬Ү긱ԴȻİ
ˣԴԣҪë衣ڴ֮ǰҶ֪ëʲôԿЦ˵һΪⶫֵ̫ߣû뵽ߴǧ칬֡
ԵԴ仰Ү긱¶һĨ֮ɫ
ѽԴܵԣǼѵõġúԺдҮͷ˵
ھԵļ棬ԵԴܾ;ԵСһݡ磬ԵԴһЩҮ̬ȿ϶Ҳࡣ
ˣë赽ʲôʵ
ȻԴŵصë裬עֵһЩϢȵȶûнܵġ
ðɣ
Ȼ֪Ҿ˵һ˵ëҮ긱˿
ë裬ȻڿʯԴⶫӦùΪһԴȷʵǺ˵ġϸ˵ڻ硣ԣӦòİ˰ɣ칬֮ǰӦþͽӴҮ˵
ţ칬֮ǰҾɱһЩҲʵȽϵ͵ġԵͷ
ǻ硣ǵءһЩռǿȻһֱ̽ѰǵҲ˲ϢȻкܶûн⿪֪ıǣɱǳ֮ΪĸĹﵮġ
ռǿߵ̽飬ǴԼ֪ǻ壬ǳǳ١ĸ塣Уջʣʼ²ЩµܿͻῪʼɻս
ĸµĲ壬ŷǳǿ츳ǳɳ󣬾ܴﵽռǿߵĲΡǣױȵƻκʣǶתΪԼʵҮ긱˵š
ԣš
ë裬ĸ壬ʱķҮ˵ʱɫֹŹ
Ҳ۾
Ȼ뵽ë裬Ȼĸʱķѹ֣Ү긱˵ⶫʱɫԵ쳣
ҮˣôΪμֵǧ칬֣Զһʵ
ûʲôôĶ϶ô߼ֵŶԡ
ţۣûеġȻطŮ飬ʹë֮󣬿ȻطƾȻطɱ绹Ҫߵ顣Ү긱˵
ȻôԾ̾
ȻطŮʵҲ࣬磬ҲҵһЩģƿ߲ȻطĴڡ
ǰȷʵëǷǳٵġĸ壬ǳ١ĿǰΪֹǷֵĸʮÿһĸȻ壬ʵࡣ
оǣĸǳɱĸûʲôҲǿÿһĸΧڶʵǿﻤԣ֪żǿ츳ĸ壬յոǿֲռǿߣĸΧɱҮ΢΢
ĸ壬ȷʵǳɱ
ҲΪʲôŰ磬һֱ޷ԭڡ飬Ȼһֱ뽫նݳȴֻҪĸڣͻԴԴϵı
ҪȫȾҪȫĸ嶼ɱɻɱĸ壬̫ˡ
ԣ֮УǾɱĸ塣ңնɱĸʱжλռǿֵ¡ĸ屻ɱ֮ҵĸ嶼ѣ˵նɱˡҮ긱ҡͷ
ǻĻռް취塣ɱ¾ĵʵΪɱ¾Ĺٷгһ룬ɱġҮֿԡ
ˣԵͷ
ǺǡëǱŮȻطģ֮ǰ˵ط϶òë衣Ү˵ǧ칬֣һԴܴҽ㣬Ǳһë衣


1899 Ĳ
ȫ칬һǧİǧֶһë裬ǵõ֮һĻֶһһûʲôĶ
Ү긱Ȱ裬ȻǺ⡣ϾǴһٳɳڣҪԴࡣȽﵽƿ߲֮󣬻ԴٶȾͻԴٶȿܶ࣬ʱٶһ߹ëֶûʲôôĶԺ
ǧĻ֣˵ʵҲۡ
ǣѾӦСڶһë衣
ڼ棬СڶԾԵİνǼľ޴Сڣںδδ֪
ˡҲҪëˣ̫ˡСͷͨԡ
˵ҪʵϻǷǳҪ
ûлӦǿҮ긱˵Үˣ鷳ҼһЩԴļֵë衣
ԻǾһë衣СôҪë裬϶ô
ˣҮȷʵ
ţȷԵͷ
ֵ㣬ܿͳˡѡЩϣֵܼﵽǧٷ칬֡
ԽƽҮ긱۳ӦĻ֡
ҮˣٰҶһǧֵǳʯԽ˵
طĲϾ˺ܶ࣬硢ҲҪǳʯ
ǧ칬֣һİöǳʯ
ԡҮͷ
ˣԹƻһһǧ칬֣ʣֻ֣а˰ˡһڶĻ֣ת˲֮䣬ֻʣ¼
۰
ֻȥˣõȴǴԴ
ŶһԴҮǣ뿪⡣
ûȥŮǷؾסɽ塣һ·ϣ칬ӣԹԴкڳʦ֣һĳԱȫǳ𾴾ԡ
ͽֵϢˡ֪Իܽͣ칬־ηʸȽϵĺĵˣɻǱܡ
ʦֵʵǿֲ˹
ԻܹӣҲ˵˴Ϣ֮ǰһܣٻЩԹгһһѩǰܡڣ״ˡ
صסɽ󣬾飬óë衣
һΪʯĸĶСڷǳҪ
СڣҪ⣬ҪԵôԹͨСڡ
ھǰԴСڿ۶СڿһźӰȡ֣ҲΪһƬ
ҪҸоõкܴİܱøˣҶ֪ôл㡣ôĶ㶼ΪҶһСڸмĶԾ˵
СڣɱˣʵҲҵһˡЩҵİ޼۵ġëȻȴҲ޷ҵİȡ΢Ц˵
ȻҪǾͿʼɣ˵
ãС۵һźڹ⣬һ𣬱ë踲˹ȥ
ڼʱСҲɹƷĶںܾ֮ǰСھ͵˶޷ˡë裬ǡСڲɵ
ˣë̺̫ܻ࣬㲻ùˡСͷֱ뾰
УҲչˡԵͷ˵
󣬾ǰŮҺϥ
ھԽҪ칬ֵġڣÿһԼҪһ֡
ȴӹпʼĿǰյΣ۷ǹǿþãֶŵһԾӹпʼ
ԽԴȡóǾնɱֻصڶ
΢Ƭ̣ȡƬԪҶڹżڣԴӹеõƬҶʱһƬʣһƬҲ˵˵Ⱦ̤ﾳõڶҶ
ʼ
ﾳƷ൱ߣЧҲǷǳˡ̶ʱڣԵٶ˳һɣԼһɰӡ
󣬾ԳԵ˻ԪҶ
ˣ
صĸоֱþһִƺˡ
ݹУ
񣬺谭Դʱ״̬ͺͨ˶ԼĴԿ˰ٷְٵ״̬
֮
Ȼ֮ططźܴĸáǰ֮ûյɲΣһûȷĸоڣָоѾúˡ԰ͷ
ԵٶȾˣطܹô٣ȷʵ֮ҲֱӵĹϵطϣ֮ſֲЧ
ʱȥ֮

ԵĹطͻƣӵΣ뵽˵ĲΡ
طͻƺ󣬾̽Ŀת˺ɵ֮ϡ


1900 仯
ԪҶЧֻάְꡣ
ԣֶ룬һʱ䣬ܵԼʵ
ɵƵĹǾҪɱֶΡӵĲյ㣬Եսǿһء
ԷûԪҶʮ󣬺ɵƣյ˵㡣
ܹ֮죬ҲǶԭӳġ
ԪҶЧ֮ĸЧطԴӦоǣѾﾳ顣ﾳɵƺ͹طҪڴؾʱɵöࡣ
ɵյ֮󣬾Կʼĵڶͼ
һͼһǰʮ˲㡣ڶͼǵʮŲ㵽ʮ㡣ǾŲһΪΡÿһȣǰΡ
ں칬ı⣬Զһ˴ԴͬǼ졣ʱ䣬㽫ݵ˶ʮ߲㡣ʱ䣬ǰʮ㾡ա
ɹеĲ㣬˰ʱ䡣ɺɵƵ㣬ʱ䡣ڶͼʱ䡣ȫʮʱ䡣
֮
һС۾˫ƽš
֮У𽥸ֳһŻɫĹâϢ塣
ԵĻ֮ѾǴɲΣҪٽһǾʵı仯ӻ֮Ļ
Żɫ˸ţʱͣʱС
ԿϷþûжҲ֪˶ãƶ˫ƣһ£˫ƵƶŻɫҲԽԽ
ɫӽһ̶Ⱥ󣬾ԵĶøΪǷǳĳ
ȷʵܳ
ŻɫżǿųҪںϣⲻһ򵥵顣
ȥɫƽڷֱ仯εݣΪľܹŻںϵһ
ԶԽԽ˺ͷ·ȫֹͣʵϣŻڽӽģֻǷȷǳǳСܹʮ£ܽӽ˿ôһľ롣
ʮʱ䣬Żڿ£һ
䣡
£֮͵һ¡󣬱ǿٵںϳһ塣
ûнӴʱŻǳų⡣ǽӴʱǿųȫʧ˳ľںϡ
ںϺĻ뵽֮ڡ
ˣ
ﾳڣ
ŻںϺҲʹžԵĻ֮˻þԴﾳڣ̤뵽ﾳڡ
ʮʱ䡣
ͻ֮󣬽ȹ̸ոľ硣ԿʼǳʯȹԼľ硣̵Ǻܿ죬ԶһİöǳʯҪھͻȹ̡
֮ɱΪ󣬾ԳԲ֮ڵ״̬֮ȻǷǳļѣûʲôչ
ʧܺ󣬾Եת֮
ھյִУ֮յġ
ʮʱ䣬Խ֮ɱΪմٴεõȻûܿﾳڣȴҲǽӽﾳˡԼĸоǣʱпܴﾳڽﾳڡ
ִ򣬻֮֮ѾɱΪ֮չ
ԪҶЧʣԼĪʮӡ
ٴοʼУݵСݣѶȱݵĲöࡣյĲ㣬ֻ˰ʱ䡣еĵ㣬̻˳ԻǺķʮʱųɹ
ҶЧʣԼĪʮʱ䡣
ʱ䣬۷һֶϣȡ̫ĽˡԣûȥݺɵƣǲĵͼԾãͼеĵʮ߲㵽ʮ㣬ʮʱԼӦܹա
ԪҶһʱȫȥ󣬾ȷʵݵ˵ʮ㡣
ԪҶЧʧ֮󣬸оԾͲͬˡ֮ǰһУȫƿظо̼ʧӰ١
ԺûлԪҶôأ̾һҡҡͷ
ùԪҶ֮󣬶µĻһ־Ҳû취ԪҶ̫ѵˣ칬֮ڣûлԪҶ
ҪٵõԪҶֻܽռ䡣
˽ռᱻ׷ɱǹռػݣǲᱻռӡ
ʱȥϰһԼֶϵĽ뿪Ůҡ


1901 屩
һʱ䣬ԵʵȣǷǳ޴ġ
ĵԴҲǼ侪˵ġȲ˵ǼĻԪҶ˵칬ֶһĸֲϣʹ˴롣
һ˼ֵһǧǳʯĲϡҪ֪һЩﾳȫңҲһǧǳʯӡ
Զ̶̰ʱ䣬һﾳǿȫҡ
ʵĽҲȫˡ
ˣԻصסɽ¥һӰӭгƺΪˡ
㡭ǣ۾Բ
ǰվŵģһŮˣԴδ
˲ʶ˰ɣԺɲܽСˣŮһЦ
㡭Сڣ͡
ǰŮˣСڣ
ôܣ
ԴСڣǰȻԣȴ޷ûΡڣСڻûΣһһŮˡŮȫ£ž˵һһЦѪڡ
һʱ䣬ЩšܿȷǰŮȷʵСڡ
С뾰Եǽġ
Сڣôˣʵ
ˣ㻹Сڣһһ֡Сڲ˵
ʲôԷ˷Ƥ
СڡСƲ˵
Ȳ֣ôģë裬Ѿɵˣתʵ
ţˡë֮󣬾ͱˡˣڿɱǰˡСϲ̵˵
΢
жϳСڱ仯ԭ򣬿ëйءë裬ĸķһЩȻطʹë裬ܹȻطë裬Ȼżصá
ԺͽС̰ɣԵͷСڻһ֡
ԣ칬
ʱŮ洵
ţ΢΢һ
Ů洵Уصζѵǳʲôˣ
ҵ飬뿪ǰ칬
Խ칬󣬴ʱѾвˣλں칬ĻͿ򸱹ڣн͵ȺĵҲˡϾԣĵ֮С
ÿ˵ɫ̫ÿдء
Զλ֮Ů洵þ
һﱩңڻ޷ȷСģǴģ򸱹ͳ˵
ﱩңɫ΢΢һ䡣
ǵжԵĹϵ壬һֱ뽫նɱȴ޷
ĸδ޷֣ĸ壬ҪȻǲܵ顣
޾磬ﱩѾܶΡʱֻСģʱȴǴģıҡںܾǰĹռ֮ءʱ򣬻岢û̫Ҳ׳Ļᡣ
ֱ﹥ռ֮أռɱ¾Ըķչ
Ŀǰյ鱨ȷʵ޷ж屩ҵĹģСģңҲѹȥڣ֮жлȱ﹥һЩСͻȣ޷ֶ೤ʱᱻơ׵˵
ɱ¾ΪĸϽ򣬷ֱǶͱ
칬ҪǸ
򣬼˵Ҳǽֳĸ֡һСͻȡ
򣬶һɱ¾ܲ
ɱ¾ܲǺ칬һλ
ռ֮Уֻ⡣еκһ򣬶ĳԱԱκһܵ쵼ߣɱ¾ܹ졣
ɱ¾ϵϾˡ
ţƤҪܲ˼ǣĿǰܿơǣ칬ûҪԮǰƤ޷ǰȲ̽򸱹ͷ˵
ҿȥһˣŮ洵˵һǰȼȸ鿴һĻ󡣡

в΢΢һ
Ů﹥𣿡̲סʵ
ţӲ֮ǰɱ¾׾ŴϢѾ﹥ơŮ洵˵ĿǰѾʮȴ﹥ѶϢ
Ůһǰ˵
Ů洵žԣҲԡ
ԣ㣬뿪칬ıΣաһֱŮ洵ߣŮ洵Ҳʱ޿̶ܻס㡣㱻ץߣҲѽҪ칬ڣ޷ǽ㽻ȥһ򸱹˿˵


1902 Ĺ
ԴӾԽ칬ѾٴδѶջ칬ˣ칬ͲĴѶ
˺ȷδ׷ɱԡһ뿪칬ضܿܵõϢҲ֪ǿ϶˶Ըԡ
ԣ򸱹ⷬ˼ϣ칬֮ڡ
ҲԼĿǣһֱ칬֮ڣѵҪ̤ƿ߲ٳȥ칬ûˣԴҲֻٲ֡칬Ǻܰȫʲôοʵ
һ㣬ԶԼڵʵҲбȽǿġȻδ̤ﾳڣѾմйеֶΣǺǿġ֮Ҳܵ˵׷١
һȥĥԼ칬һʱ䣬ҽܴ󣬵ҲƿԶԿ򸱹˵
ͼλһۡ
ȻԾҪ칬Ҳǿֹ
Ů洵һ̽ıңΣ򸱹Ů洵˼
һᾡȫġŮ洵˵ĺܼ򵥡
УԣŮ洵ͬҪסҪСġ˵ͷ˵
ǣһСġӦ
˵һЩڱ屩ҵϢҲѶϢ߹߹Ĺ׼
ǴģıңǿܶӰ쵽磬ռ߹޷⡣
½ԱŮ洵뿪칬
칬ĺĵӣֻоԸŮ洵뿪칬һĺĵӣҲŮ洵ͬС
ĺĵӣﾳ۷飬ʵǳǿᡣǺ칬֮ںĵУʵǿһΪĵʱҲﾳ۷Ѿܾúܾãһֱûͻƣԣ屩УĥԼѰ̤ƿߵĻԵ
׼𣿡Ů洵ʽ
˶ͷ
˻Ů洵ֱۻӶֱ˺ѣγһĳ涴
˺ѻݣ涴Ҫġһ˵;ԽԶôķѵԽࡣռ֮صԼҪʮöǳʯ
ҲΪˣͨҪͨ涴ŲƣǸĴǺܴġ
ƿ߲ǿ߽һ涴Ϊ˸˼ʮǳʯĴۡϾƿ߲ǿҲѷ񣬼֮ӣƿǿȻ׬ȡԴ
ͬʱʹó涴ŲƵԽ࣬ôԳ涴ȹҪͻԽߣǽ涴ǿ߱ͬлãǽ涴ǿ߱˲ͬУôѶȾͻ
Ů洵žԺһͨ涴Ųƣ˵ҪȴĽԺó涴͵Ҫ򵥺ܶࡣ
Ƭ̺ӰͳĻ硣
˵Ŀ⣬ǰı½龰
ȷʵ幥ˣŮ洵˵
ƺĵ۶½бУһЩϤĺۼ
ţŮ洵ͷ
ƺѾȥˣǹ˴ʣȴûȶԵĿ˵
Ȼ̰ҲΪթ֪ڹǻеǿ߻ᵽԣǲڴ̫ͣáŮ洵˵
Ůɱ¾ĵ׾ţǺ칬Ա֪׾ţǷȫԱȽϵĺ׾š
˵һȣ﹥ƣڵ϶˺ܶࡣ׾Ѷ칬ոչʱ򡣺칬޷׾ϵˣº׾ĿܳɡŮҡҡͷ˵
ɫҲЩȻ
Ѿ̿۶½ûзֺ׾ŵټʵϣ۶½ķѣԭסڶ̽鵽Ϣͨ̽飬֪ǰ֮һûС
ЩҴ飬Ҳ¶档
ԡȥΧ󡣡Ů洵Ծ˶˵
ȻȥѾ뿪Ů洵Ҫȷ
˵䣬Ů洵Ѿʧǰ
ʦ֣Ҫȥһ½ԺͻԶ˵
ţҪȥģҪͬȥ𣿡ԡ
ãҺܿͻҡҡͷ˵
˵ţ΢΢һ֮ʧմ߶գۼ䣬ǵǸ½ҲǾԴӼ뿪޾ִĵһƬ½һС͵Ļ½


1903 Ѱ
޾磬ԽӴĵһ
֪ǲǻţϣŰɡ
У΢һ˿ŤԵӰֳ
Ƿǳķ⻹ֻ֮ڣŲƲԶľ롣ҵľ绹̫ͣȻմҲǳǿ󡣿ɽ涴΢Щ̫Զĳ涴ҵʵ޷֧šת
Դ۶ûֵСʹ½ֱ˺ѻͨ涴·ġ
Щĳ֮Ȼǲ̫ܼʹˡҾЩʹãҲɵʹáʹĳǲ͵ڸʲôλ
Сʹ½ȻҲû⣡ĿǰĻ½
ƬС͵Ļ½Ҳˡ󣬶ȫʧȥܡ
һ̤˻½Ϸ
ǿ꣬͵ȥ
ܵƻ۶½ҪһЩŵ飬ҲһЩиӦһЩϢ
ʼϢ
Ƭ̺󣬾¶ʧ֮ɫ
ϣţ
ǣ̽ûзϢԾڵŲƬ½ϣǿ϶ܸӦġһӴһʱ䣬ӡϤԲ©
̾һ׼뿪ص۶½
Ů洵̽ټ־Բԭأ϶ᵣģԲŮ洵ġ
ţھ׼ٴ˺ѻ罨涴ʱһ΢ϢȴǱĸӦˡ
壡
ϢĶȻû뿪Ŀɱʢ
ӦϢżԵ𣬾ǻûεҲԼϢԣڸǺùӦġ
ʱľԣͲ̽ټ
ಣֱӴһٷɳ۹ȥ
УһҺɫĻҡҡλεĴ󡣶ڻ۵ĺ󷽣һӴ׷ᡣóգٶȼ죬۸ܰ׷ɱ
ʱڵצӣĻڻϡһ۵ķ㲻צĻֻ֮͵𵴣ûбֱӷ顣
һϣʮ飬Щһɫţе˾֮ɫ
ĸˣվڻ۵ļװϣź󷽵ʱһιǵĹ˵һ㡣
װϹУһһϮˮɫȹڵΣȾԸոʱǿࡣ
׷ɱһ۵ȴĲΡʵ뵱նɱľ϶ࡣĲﱬд岽ࡣ
˵ʵ׷ɱΨﾳ֣ܾǡǿ϶޷ѱɵˡ
Ĳͬһģڹ֮ûһ뿪̫̰ˣȻҲ֪һЩΣգԼôùﾳǿߡ
֪ﾳǿҲǺܶࡣ˵֮УﾳһҲĻȡ
Ӳˣ
۵ķ󷨣ѾӽˣڳһĻ󷨾ͻʧȥЧһ۵ε˵
̫ǿˣ޷ֵһ˵
ע⣡Ȼ۷󣬴Ҿ͸ˡãܰ׷ɱǲɢܣעᱻһˣһĲ˵
ĲҲǻʵǿһ顣
飡
צӣٶȴӻĻ
Ȼҵһ¡۵ķһƬâ󣬳׵İȥţһΪ˺ѿ
ʮӰӻ۷ɳ

ܣܵõ𣿡ſڣЦɫľ޴۾УѪĹâ
͵һ
Ӵܵʮ飬ͺ񱻶סһ㡣һɾ޴ס

ɶ壡һŭ
ҲѾŵʧǣǷ˵ֻֿűɵ
ԣԣҪȫԵצһ£Ӱ޷Ƶľ޿ڷ˽ȥ


1904 þȣ
޿ڵˣƴǵʵ̫Զˣ߾ȫ޷ѡ
գǱһ̳Ե
úúãζʳ
ž޴Դ·ڻζԼ̳Ե顣
Ըо̳֮һ΢Сȵ
ﱾɱ֮ĺܿ죬Ҫϵġ֮ǰ׷ɱۣҲһһָ̳ǰĵʵҲк΢С
׳󣬱һɵĹ̡ԵԽ࣬Խǿ
Ĳת޴ĺɫ۾еĻ顣
鼫ҪɸǸĲ飬ٶȶ仺ٶѣ˦Ρ
żЩҵʳܺ⡣
Ϊ̰ԣԲ뿪ⱻƵ
ɣٴŴ죬˹
䣡
һɫâӻմɫâӴϯȥ
ţֻ÷ɡ
ɫ۾ա
һӰж
󣬺ôĵӣӰֽ֮ȵ
Ӱϣ嫵ܲһɫ̳ӡԸоɫ̳ϣһּϢ
￴ˣƺҲоΣյϢͳ˻һŵĶӰ
ಣһ
ܵĻգŤҪʩչմ׼ߡ
̰ԣʱ޷ˡﲻɵԼûκʤĵʱҲ̾Ӵܡ
ʱ;Լûκʤ㡣Ϊոճֵ飬ﾳεǿڣܶԿġ
ߣǻɫӰЦһ
ֱһӣкɫ̳ϣһźڹ⸡֡ڹ⣬ɲǼ͵ŤĿռ䣬ָ֮ƿմ󣬱ʧˡ
Ĳȷʵǿ岽鶼޲ߡǣﾳĻ֣ôĲҪѾֻˡ
ﾳǰ
оˣ
ﾳǰ֣ɾɱ
ЩԭҪΪʳĻ飬ϲĻǼҪ̳ԣͻȻﾳǿߣֱ
ˣȻѾûмǣҲˡ˵ˣǾ뿪Ҳ̫ûòˡλﾳǿ߾ǣôҲҪԷлһǡ
ﾳǿߣɲôġǰ֮ڣҲԬﾳεĴڡ飬һӶﾳǿߡߣﾳǿǰֹǿҲ
ҶĿ¶⣬ɫ۵ﾳǿߣλǰɱ
ﾳ飬ֱۻӶ˼Ρܣڹ֡ںڹУҽǺڹУƺһּ϶
ﾳ飬Ŀ⿴ˡ
лǰ֮
ǰ£ҵȽģˣæ˼񣬹˵
ߣȱŸлңҿԾǣģﾳ˵
ţ˶סˡ

ʲô
ǶֻһȺѣﾳǰѵҪʲôɣλǰĪҪͣһȺˣ˵ȽϺᣬһЩԴﾳǰҲʲôﾳǰܿǵԴ
ǰ֪ҪʲôУΨһĲͷСʵ
ܼ򵥣
ǵĲ꣡ﾳ飬Ц˵¶}˵ɭݡ
ʲôɫ䡣
ڻ˵ͬҪĶλﾳǿߣȴҪǽԼĲ塣
ǱģֻҪ֮һ塣ǻԼȥʵҲ̫˲ǺǣȻˣҲԾܾҵҲǿǡǣʱû˭뽻ԼĲ壬ǾҪԼܴܲˡﾳЦУ仰ȴڳ׹ߡ


1905 
ˣҡ
֮һ壬ǼǻܻҲҪܾ޴ʹࡣ룬ʹǼܵġƽʱʧһ壬Ԫˣ˵һʧ֮һˡ
ңﾳƺǷǳаĴڣ˵Ҫ˽֮һ塣У˺ֱܿӽȫ嶼ȡһֿԼ壬Ǿǰˡ
ӦǾҪǵ³ֻǻᱻ̳ԡֻҪﾳǿ߶΢϶⽫ȫԵ
پûʱǡﾳ
ȷʵһаﾳ飬ǻеĹޡĺɫ̳ڣԹ黿Ҫ壬ιЩԹ顣ЩԹԽǿʵҲԽǿ
֮Ҫ壬ΪΨ׵壬ԡңǶǿ˿϶Ҳᷴܽһ
ҪЩƣȡͲô鷳ˡ
Ҳύ壡
ڳĬУһ˵
ύԼ塣аﾳ˵ģҲύ֮һ塣û֮һ壬ֱܿӾͳɵˡ
ߣ壬Ǿ͵ɣﾳ˵
𣿡
ʱһĮ
˻
΢ţһɫӰ١
ˣǾԡ
Сʹ½ϣԵӦϢѭټպÿǻﾳҪЮ˽塣
ţʲôˣﾳһŸոյִľԣ䱸
ΪûвγֵġԼãԿ²Ѱ飬Ӧźǿʵ
Դ磿ԣ΢΢һ㶺󣬿ڽг
Եǰ˵ͷ
ûˣ΢Ц˵
һˣ˿ֿԡ֮Ув˵ԡСͻ½ʱȻȴҲһЩвˣ֪ɱĲ϶
ԣǸԣﾳƺҲԵ֡
ʵҲԵӰԱͶԾͨ
û뵽㾹뿪칬ܺãץס㻹ɱ㣬Ǵһﾳ˫ĿŹ˵
һΣϸĴﾳ飬ϳϵķΣ뵱ԼնɱĵķκƣʽΡ
һĵطаޣȻҲɣҡҡͷĵ˵
ޣа֮һ⡣ڻУ޼ǲͷ¶βļһΪûˣԹкøСһЩƢȽϻ飬޶Ƕ˵Ͷɱ
Ҳ£޼ɢޡһЩйأչ޽֮ڡ칬;ԲҪ޽칬֮
ȵͨϣ֮⣬޵Ҳᾭ֡
Դ磬ﾳǿߣҪǽ壬ԸɱǡԾԵ˵
ҪģǵĲ塣һǳ壬Թ飬ǵԵһɶޣȫа֮ǵĳŵûκοŶȡԶ˵
ɫѿʵԼҲ֪Ź޵Ļûа취Ƕ޷ԿҪ˵һﾳĹˡ
˵˰ɣ
ԣǹԹǴֿԹҵǿԸһʹ졣ֿǺǣҲʴĵζﾳſ˵
Ǹ𣿡Цһ
΢΢һƴ򿪡
񱩵ȻڻУ֮һ޴ӡӡ͵Ļ£ĿǱԹסĲԹ˺ҧɣƴĵֿȻƥʱȫҲ˺ۣɫѪҺʹ
ӡ£Թ飬ʱ˺ѷε
ʲô
ã
ﾳɫɷףԹʵһģ˲Ϣ֪֮ɲ֮Թʧءæζкɫ̳ӣЩԹ˻
ƺﾳʵԣǵôô죬̤ﾳˣջԹﾳһȻԡ
ۣӡϡ
һ֮ﾳӴֱڻб


1906 Դ治
Ĳûüͱһĳࡣ
ں칬ﾳﶼܻɱԾڵʵԽﾳﶼԿ⡣һĲ壬ľǰһֻϰˡ
ɱҲû뵳
һĻǻ۹ȫһʵҪɱĲﲻѣԲɡ
۹֪ɱ֮ӵʱľԣ岽ΪڵľԣѾ̤ﾳս֪˶١۹ףﾳľԣնɱ߼õġ
ԣмҪһһΣҾͷŹ㡣һٱͲôõˡ۹һݻתͷɶݡ
֪ԼܲǾԶ֣ԲɱҲˣһٸԼ̨¡
Ż۹Ӵܶȥ΢΢һ¡
Ƭ̡Զ˵һ䣬Ӱһ׷ȥ
մľԣٶȿޱȡǻ۹ޣͲܰѾԡ
Ҳû۹ȥȲ˵ĳԱ˵޵ݣҲɱ
Ϊӵõ𣿡ԿǰӴܵӰЦ˵
۹΢΢һ

ٶȣôô죿ɶʩչٶطȻûٶȿ죡۹ԱΪóգշطҲࡣ
Ϣһ׽ֶһ˺ѻգŻ۹ϯȥ
СӣΪϷ㲻ɣ۹޼˦ԣҲӴܣתҪ뾰Կ
кɫ̳΢΢һĺڹڹУԹк
۹ٿԹ飬ֵԵĽ⡣ЩԹ飬Ƿǳ¾ԵĽ⣬ڻ۹޵Ĳٿ£ǲԸȥֵ⡣
һԹм仮
۹޸ܵǿɱӭҪֵ
ֻǣҽδ£㱻۹ޣҲﾳڲΣ뾰Ȳ̫ࡣһ㽫ɱ
ʧȥ۹޵ĲٿأԹ飬ʼӴܡЩԹ飬ǳаʧȥ˴󲿷ֵǣ˲ѪıܡӴܳȥҲ鷳顣Թ飬һЩʵǿ鹹вʵС飬ܻܿᱻЩԹʳṳ̂ЩԹմϾͷǳΣա
ͷЩԹӴܡ
ֻǣԹǳ֮࣬ҪȫɱҲҪһ
ˣԸӦԴС̵ͷ
΢΢һתСë֮󣬷ɱ䡣ôͿСһЩʲôֶΡ
С̵ӰٸֶţһŻ״ڻռ̿
˲Ϣ֮䣬״ͽԹס
̣
棬ҵԹĺҲз·ʲôȼյ
գʱ䲻ʧأСָ̻ΡԹ飬ȫʧ·δֹһ㡣
һĻԶЩ𺳡
Գ飬ҪȫԹܶҪķѲ̵ʱ䡣ֶΣȻǿᣬԹ̫࣬Ҫɱ϶Ҫʱ䡣ЩԹȽ⣬壬кǿĿԡ
Чʳ֣ȥգʱ䶼ûã㽫Թȫɱ
С̣ѽԶС̾˵
ȣҿɲ̫ԶˡңЩҵĹûκεֿСޱȵϣ¶Цݡ
ԵĿ佱ܿġ
Ե˵ͷ
󣬾Եǻ۹ޱĵط˻۹޵ռ䣬иԴƷֱһڣеԴ
ԹĶаЩֱֵӻٵΪãʡȥаޡԿźɫ̳ӣаϢ
΢΢һɫ̳ӱھн壬Ϊ۳
ֲ鿴һ»۹޵ռ䡣
üһаĹޣԴǲٰһﾳ飬жˡɨ޵ռ䣬ҲЩ⡣
޵ңԵĹһ£ǳʯӡޣҲ˺ܳܳʱ䣬ѻ۳˶ĲƸ
Ժ֮ƣ˵ͷռڵԴȫתƵǬ֮С
ৣӰ˸صλá
ϣŵǵı飬֪Կ϶ȥ׷ɱǹޣֻǲ֪


1907 ܵ
Իɳһ
ûˣǹѾһɱЦŶ˵
仰Щ˶ȻһۡޣʵɷǳǿᣬջǱԻɱ󣬾Եʵжôǿ
ԺκιޣһҪСһЩ޶а֮ǻԹΪʳǲа֮£ǵԹ޷ɳʵԽǿĹޣ˵˾Խࡣ˵
лԴ磡
Ǿʦֳ֣ǿ϶ɡУǹ޵С˷׷Աл
Դ磬֮ǰǸĳԱ̧Ŀʵ
ţϵķΣԱʽΡһĻ飬ɲ㴩ϡԵ˵ͷ˵
ǹ޺˵˾ԴɱһҪ˵˵֮ǰں칬
ԣһе֮ӣɱġ֮ӱȽӣԿͨءԲ˵
ǰҺ칬һʱ䡣λΪ칬õѶϢﱩң벻ٻȡֻǱֵĻ֮һԽ˵
֮ӡʦ֣ɱ֮ӣ²˰Ĳ龪˵
֪֮ӵ塣
ûϵԸңҲôסǺǣҲҪɽ칬ҵĿɽЦ˵
ݻ٣ǽʲô㣿תʵ
һ뿪ȥ˵ûб֡ӿ˵
ţӦûãǿԹȥ˵Ҳ֪
ңԶ﹥֮ܺܿȥˡܵĻȣǶû⵽Ĺ
һﱩңģĿǰǺܴдģҼôռھҪȫˡ
ˣǰĳѾʹˣҾ㳬ãʮ˿϶Ҳò㹻Ĵͷá
һȺƬ̣һЩǳʯǣȥкܶҪȻܴһȥҲǺ¡
Ȼ֮ǰһ˿֮ӡǡҲڤڤиӦΣգио
󣬾˺ѻ罨涴ص۶
ԣȥˣŮ洵Իʵ
Ů̽ˣԵ
ţ̽ˣûзӦ뿪ˡԣҲ𣿡Ů洵˾һۡ
Գ£Ǻ칬ʧɾʹˡ
ҴӼһĹȾʶһЩˡԣҾȥѰһ¡Ǻǣ˰áæ͡
˵Ů洵˵ͷҲû׷
ߣȥܵŮ洵˵
涴žԺ칬ĺĵӣǰɱ¾ܵ
ɱ¾ҪǺ칬ܵĵǺ칬Ƥ
涴˺ܿ͵ִܵ
ܵҲһƬ½ϡƬ½κһȡ½Ӵ󣬵ȴǼ侪ˣࡣҪƬ½ȹ߹ü򵥡
Ů洵žԺ˳ͨ飬뵽½֮ڡԼյʱ䣬ɱ¾ܵ֮ǰ
ƤȻѾ֪Ů洵Եܵ֮⡣
ں칬Ů洵ȻΪƿʱ䲻ô˵һĻŮ洵ӭӣǾЩʧˡ
Ů洵
Ƥ
˼棬һк
ƤĿ⿴ԡ
λǾ԰ɣǺǣҲ˵˾ԣǳж̶һٶʱ䣬̤ﾳΣֻͨصڶ㣬ǰ;Զ󡣡Ƥԡ
ˣ˹ˡҵ·кܳҪءǫ˵
Ƥֵ˵ͷ˵ҲŮ洵һˡ
ǵģˡͣﾳ۷κܾãһֱ޷ͻơγҲ뿴ܷҵͻƵĻԵ˵
ףγ칬ԼܹͻƻԵĿҲǼ͡ʵϣⱲӹƶ޷̤ƿ߲ΡҪ̤ƿ߲̫̫ˣ칬֮ڣƿҲôʮλѡﵽƿ߲ΣܿˡŮ洵֮ǰ칬ֻ֮а˸


1908 ﾳ
Ů洵˳˳̤ƿ߲εģ̫ˡŮ洵ں칬ͻƺϢ޾綼Ϊ֮𶯣֪жôټ
Щĵӣ츳ȷʵܸߣճΪƿߵļԶЩšŵӸߵöࡣˣܳƿߵȻǼ
ֻҪܳһƿߣһء
ռÿһǳ飬ΪǽܹƿߵĻ
ʵռ߹Ҫսﾳɡƿ߲ε飬Ǽ塣ƿ߱Ͼ̫٣һƿߡһƿߣǾд¼һεﱩ
ѰҲͳﾳ飬ɳﾳ۷Զࡣ
޾磬ռһǳ֮⣬ǶԴȡΪӡڻȡԴĹУȻиָ⣬ҪҲʱܲΪһЩͻĦɳƿ߰ɣ
ƿ߸æ
ƤŮ洵Իɱ¾ܵ
ƤʲôŮ洵ºʵ
žԺˣȥ﹥ƵĻȲ鿴ûʲô֡ټҲǵ
һαǳͻȻյϢʱǾѾԻȽ˹ǲδģӣ˽⣬һεֳ·ֶԣÿһ·ӴԼٵǰͬʱж
һεıң֯ġЩСģӵĹǳԣѡĻȣС͹ȣһ㣬ܿٹơڹЩֶ֮ܿ쳷ˡ
ҺܵģĿǰΪֹƺΣԻǺܴ󡣵ǣҾеͷߣбĴ㡣αǰСģҶ𡣡Ƥü˵š
칬˵칬ƿصҲǲŮ洵Ҳü˵
ԣˡƤͷ
Ů洵ҾͷĶˡҪܵȥ̽һѶϢǲܰġ㣬ҿɾɶˡƤЦЦ
ţһᾡ̽ϢŮ洵ҲͷҪ֪Ƿʲôı²ô򵥡ıҲȻе߲㡣Щ߲Ҫ׽̫ˡ
ﶼ׺ݲбʷϣ׽߲Ӿͺ١ԻʵҪɱﾳ̫׽ﾳ壬ɾˡ׽ƿ߲͸Ӳ̫ܣռǿ֣߳Ҳ
ֻܾΪƤŮ洵ĻΪȻ
ԣܵڣҲɽȡһЩɱ¾ɡŮ洵תĿԺ
ԺӦ
˶ﾳΣ뵽ۼĵطࡣ
һʱ䣬Ժס֮ܵڡ
Ů洵ʱȥգӵټԺżɱ¾ȡɱ¾񡣵ڳʱûзӣԺ˵նɱ˲ǺĶ顣ʱֻһһΣҲͲʮѡңڼʱҲͲһﾳһͨﾳǵдؾġ
ʱƣƤŮ洵Ҳûʼʱôˡ
һﱩңǰСͱһġǣˡ
ܵϢҲǲӡЩ֮ɨСͻȵӣ·ѾռƿصĻǣֶصˡ
ԻռƿرȽһЩ
һգŮ洵ٴͨ涴һƬ֮С
ǰܶһѰƬ
һƬŵգûڣûл½ڡУûκεʴڡ
Ů洵Ӱ˸֣Ϣ
ţͻȻŮ洵һ
ַΧڣƺԼһϢϢ
Ů洵ϸӦ
Ƭ̺ȷȷʵϢֻһ塣
Ȼˣ˳ɱɣŮ洵Ӱ֮ʧ
һ̣ǽӽǸ
ǡﾳŮ洵ϢȻᡣ


1909 層
Ů洵֮ǰΪֻǷһͨ
ΪӦֻһﾳܵжÿηֽﾳټ߶дȺ
Ⱥ壬ԽﾳҲǷǳӵġﾳ屬ܹɨƿ߲µ顣
Ů洵ϢֻǴ˳ɱڣȴһﾳ
ﾳһֻһжԲѰ
Ů洵ϢСĵĸߡ뿴ﾳҪȥʲôط
óգͲôóˡսɱǿǿɱȺУоֻ֪ԳԳԣһ
ԣûзֱŮ洵׷١Ȼٶȼ죬Ů洵ƿߣǲ׷ġ
һֱ׷˰¡
ڡ
ǡ層𣿡Ů洵΢΢һ
ۣһ·һĶ񳲵Ķȫڡ
ıݣǳ⡣ΪԶܻ̽顣ڻ̽У屫پͺεһ㡣ֻۣܿ
£Ҫ層ݵѶȾ̫̫ˡ̽磬ֱǿЦ
Ϊˣ層Ǻѱֵġʷϣ層ݵĴҲ࣬ҼȫƾһΣŮ洵層ݣҲΪúÿ˽壬һ·׷ٹŮ洵̽ƬգҲ̫ܷ層ݡ
̽飬ûЧġ
Ů洵ôţǽﾳ壬˱ʧԼ֮ڡ̽飬Ҳûκ֡
層ݣط
Ծʲô飡Ů洵˫ü
層ݵǷǳٵġϣܱĸ廹Ҫ١ʷϣ飬Ҳֻݻٹһ層ݡݣ⣬ڵϼֱǷ켫ĸֶι層ݿ֮һЧӲ
˵㷢˱ݣվȫֺɸñûκεİ취
ݳܵԶĻգԲʲôɺϡ
Ů洵ʶ̬Щˣֱ˺ѻ磬涴صܵ
ƤŮ洵Ӱһ£Ƥǰ
ţŮ洵ʲôˣƤŮ洵ͻȻ֣ʶʵ
ǳ˺ص飬Ů洵ôǰ
ˣŮ洵ء
層ݳˣҾ£̴칬Ů洵˵
層ݣôܣŮ洵ĻƤҲɫ䡣
ⱤݣʲôλãƤʵ
Ů洵˵層ݵľλúƤɫѿ
層ݳԲûԭġ£Ŀ꣬ܵŮ洵˵
層ݣܵȷʵԶǱλãܵ㲻涴УҲҪ̫õʱ䡣˵óմ󣬾Сʵ壬ܺܿܵ
Ϣܿʹ˺칬
򸱹ˣҲֳԾ칬̸Чת
칬ռҲϵѯ
ĿǰĿ꣬ȷʵܵ層ǳ٣̫ͬʱ򶼳֡Ĵ㹥ɱ¾ܵҲὫɢĴܵľǼһйڶʱڴݻһܵһ̳ˡ
׼ܵˣҪ֪ͨ档ֻǣһ뿪칬ûҲϵϡ򸱹ݡ
層ݳ֣뾡ݻ١ǣҪݻ層ݣЩƿ߶ģҪռǿ֣߳ҪռǿֲСռô˵ü˵
ռǿҪǰܵ層ݣҲ̹ȥһռǿпչȥˣҲ޷ݻٵݡһռǿ߹ݣ붼תƱݡ׵ҡҡͷ˵
£̫ˣҶû̫õİ취Ӧԡ
ʱܵҲĽš層Ѿڲ̫ңԶ֣ȴ޷ݻ٣ƤŮ洵˵һּ尾
֮󣬼ӰִܵƤŮ洣ӭ⼸ܵʥȳԱ


1910 ƿ
ʥȣռ֮һɱ¾ԣʥȸ
յִܵļʥȳԱУҲһλƿߴӡλ⣬ʥȵӣ൱֮ݵĿš
Ů洵ЭƤʥԱٺá
ֹ졣
ӱܵ޽ɽĳԱ޽ɽɱ¾ܵ
죬Ӷܵˮ񹬵ĳԱ
ռĳԱΪܵ層ݣԲġ
層Ȼܵ֣ϵشǣ޾硣
ڽʮʱҲһλ֮ӵ
ռ֮⣬߹Ҳ½ƿ߲ǿߵִܵ
̶ʱгʮƿߣۼɱ¾ܵ
ʱ䣬ƿߣζԸ層ݡ
ܵһڣλ߹ƿ߲δڣۼ
ֻģȻǺ칬ƤΪɱ¾ܵĵ
層ݳȻżȻƤĿ⿴ڳƿߡ
ǰ層һãǽ涴ܵ層ݣоųɵĿԣڽ涴һ涴ɣôͻ֡Ҳ˵ǵĿܵʥȵƿߵͷ˵
ţǲԴСĴ㹥ܵôδ֣˵涴δɹܲʣǶὨɹġ޽ɽƿ˵
層ݣ涴ǰľ鿴Ҫ̵ʱġֻǣĿǰ޷ȷ層ǺʱܵġŮ洵層ݣ˵Ѿܾˣһֱûֶѡˮ񹬵ƿ߻˵
ռ֮УΪأˮ⡣Ϊˮ񹬵ﾳƿ߲δڣų϶Ůԡˮ񹬣ŮҪԵλߵöࡣͬʵŮˮ񹬣ǱȻŮλȨ
ǣڵ޷ݻ層ݡҪݻһݣҪռǿͬʱֲСĿǰΪֹδκһλռǿߵִܵƤüҡͷ˵
ˣĿǰܲڡѴѶˣȷ˺ʱһλҲƿ߲Σ˵
޽ɽɽ˵ɽ֮ڣ˵һˣ޷ݻ層ݵġ層ݣضתƱݡǶ֪層޷̽ġ彫תƣҵˡǳ˻ãǣ׼ܵͱضǳﻮ˺ܾã϶׳ˡתƱݣĳ½涴ǻΪ޽ɽǿ߻˵
˵ĺе
һռǿ߹層ݣ岻ɵԭأǻתƱݡǳóգձս涴Ƿǳ򵥣ռǿҲ޷תƵ層ݡ
⣬ǳء
ԣоԵİգȻռǿ߿϶׳ֹ層ݡоԵİգҪռǿֽдݻ١
û취ֻڵռǿ߻ϵͬʱһӻ層ݽ涴Ƥ˿˵
ƤȷҪִǸƻ𣿡ˮ񹬵ǿһʵ
ִֻƻҲҪ֪層֮ڣһʲôڽ涴Ǿ͵취ֹƤͷ
Уͬ⣡
Ҳִͬƻ
ҶͬĻǾôɣţǵЩţɣ
½ڡ
Ƭ֮󣬴棬߽ʮӰԣЩӰС
ʮˣ߹֮еųԱ
Ժĸʱ˫Ŀ֮Уɱ֡
ûǣնɱһ֮ӵȻǵս뺷岽Ϊƥͨﾳǰ;ȴԻɱ
׷ŹԣǶԺ칬ջΣ칬Ͳᡣ
Ҳע⵽ĸĿⶢԼ̧Ŀȥӡ
ٺ٣ǾԡЦһ˵
ûҾǾԣʸһλԷʵ
²ԷӦˣΪĿǰ˵ֻ˶ԼŻôĵ⡣ռ߹ԼûֱӳԹ


1911 Ҫȡ
ϣΨ˲ŻԼ˵ӡ
ͬŪԣԶҲûκκøСǰѾ׵ˣ̬ϣԼϥҲȡ½⡣
仰Ϣһȫɱı
ƿߣҲĿھԵϡЩˣٶ˵ھԵϢ֪ɱһ֮ӡǴ඼ǵһμԣҲھԵᡣ
ˣ
Ů洵ٿվ
㴼ʲôŮ洵
ֽ㴼
ٺ١ձвǰʱСӼƽϡСɱ֮ӣ²ô˵ġ㴼Цһ˵
㴼ô飬ô˵ܹһأˮ񹬵ǿЦһ˵
Իɱ֮ӵʱҲǵΪ˵֮ӱͬɱ˵ȷʵǺܳһ顣
ˮ񹬵ǿԣ㴼ɫʱݺݵĵ˺һۡ
Ӷɣ㴼˵
㴼ҵ֪ôþԱɡڣԣʱһ洫
漴һӰ첽˽
ѩ׹Ԩۡ
ԨۣҲԸϵܵ
߹Ĺ֮ǰûԹģֻùڵƿ߲ǿǰԨۣʱȴԵܵ
Ԩۣ
Ԩ۵ȫƿ߼ǿߣȫվ
Ԩ۵ǿɲǿЦģǽӽռǿߵĴڣռǿߣǶܹаġڳЩƿߣ඼ͨһЩڳԨǰ治
㴼ɫѿˡ
һλȥѩ׹ҪˣԨ۸ˣһڳԨǰ͸ûˣԿԨۣ
ۣԼԨۣҲæ
СѣּˡԨ۹һЦ뾰Դһк
ҲЦЦ
Ԩ۶ԾԵ̬ȣڳ˶кɡǲ⣬ԨΪζԾ˿Ԩ칬ƺҲûʲôܵϵ
ԨۣƤ֣Ԩ
ţǼ層ݳܵ·ͬСɡʱ䣬ҲԨ۰˰˵˸λ¡
½˻ȥ㴼Ҳʵˡ
Ҫ̽層ݵͱ層֮ڡƿߣ޷ݣҪﾳ롣Ƥ˵
仰Ե˾֪ΪλˣǿҪ層ݡ
ǻᷢһ߻ٷɱ¾Ľޣÿ˽뱤ݺı֣Ľ֮ǷǳĽ
֮УԸȡ߻ɱ¾ģƤ˵
߻ɱ¾񣬵ȼѾǷǳˡ
ɱ¾һоŸʵϣŻɱ¾ɱ¾ʷϣֻһΣܵͬģȡƿ߲ǿߣռǿֱӲ롣
˵Żɱ¾񣬾˻ɱ¾ʷ϶ûзΡһ˵߻ɱ¾Ƕɱ¾ˡһνȡģṳ̂ƿ߲ε顣ȼ˵ߵˡ
ڽ߻ɱ¾Ľ֮񣬿϶١
ԵˣûӦ層֮ڣȻգȻÿʵԽﾳﶼƴɱǣ˭֪層ڣûƿ߲ε壿
ƿ߲ε壬ǾȺﾳ飬޷ֵġ
ȡɱ¾ˣõһơΣգֻҪܵסɲʱ䣬ɼ⴫ƻص档ԣȻ˵層ݻΣգڰȫȻһı֤ǣ߹ӵĿţ˭Ҳ뿴䡣ƤЦһ˵
ˣԸȡ񣡡
Ƥ֮󣬾Եһǰ߳һ˵
ţ
ԣ
Ҫȡ˴񣿡
ԵĶȻ˵ԤϡΪ˿ԵʵǱȽġŮ洵Ҳ֪̤ﾳãȻֻܹصڶ㣬ڳﾳ۷γԱȣܲ໹ǱȽϴġ
ﾳ飬֮⣬Ķﾳ۷壬Ǵﵽﾳ۷ܾõģŬƿߵġ
˵ģŮ洵ϣԽȡ層ڣﾳ϶ֻһƿ߲ڡ


1912 뱤
߹ʮĳԱҲתĿԡ
ЩĳԱȻδ̤ƿ߲ΣڻжбȽϴ칬ȻǺ칬ĵӣ߹˭ֲ֪֮
ɱ֮ӵ룬Ͼ½顣ӡУԶȡ
һЩˣ΢û˵Щмġɱ֮ӣֻǵ֮ӡǱֻʵĻҲǿͨﾳȶѡ
ν層ݣȻĲɱսͨﾳ⼸ɱ⣬ﾳ嶼ġ
Խ層ݣãò˼죬ͱöͱӱڴͳ
ԣȷҪ߻ɱ¾񣿡Ƥžʵ
ƤȻ֪Ѿ̤ﾳֻصڶ㡣ԾԵʵ層ȻܻƫֻҪⲻ
Ҫֻͨصڶ㣬Ҫɱͨﾳ塣
ǣԵͷ
ãƤҲͷ
ֱһӣžԿٷɹ
һɱ¾ƣһһ·ֻһĶƲض˵һǿڼ̵ʱڴ層ݴͳıⶫֵɲͣ湺ֻҪϰǳʯ
ƤþԽȡ˴Щ˶Щ⣬û˶˵ʲô
ˣҲҪܴ߻ɱ¾񡣡վ˳
ţһ߹еĺĳԱվܱ߻ɱ¾ûǴͱ˿ܻҪһǲǹΣաڼȻܵṩͱǽ層ݾ͵ڶһ㱣ϣֻҪڼʱڱɱǾͿͨﴫͳݡ
ռﾳĳԱȡ߹֮УȷֱһĳԱȡȣûгԱȡȣûкĳԱܵ
һʮ˽ȡ˴˴߻ɱ¾񡣳˾֮⣬ˣԶﾳ۷Ρ
ÿ˻õĶһģһƣһǴͱ
²˳٣ھͶǰ層ݰɡƤ˵
ߣ
ȥݡˣ׷˵
Ҫ뱤ݵģֻоԵʮȡﾳ顣Щƿ߲ǿߣҲӽݣйע層ݡ
Ů洵֪層ȷλã˷ֱ涴Լʱ󣬱㶼層֮⡣
層ݣִ˶ɫء
ԣһǽ層֮ӦûֿҲ˵ڳڵһʱǽ뱤ݵˣжһҪСġ
УҪС뱤ݵ֮ӡڱ֮ڣ϶㣬ܰжԸ㡣Ů洵ԡ
ŮģһСĵġԸмĶŮ洵Ӧ˵
Ԩۣھǽ뱤ݰɣƤԨʵ
ڳˣȻǳԨʵǿȻҲǳԨ۵λߡ߹е죬ʱڳֻгԨһ
жָӣƤ㡣ҲʵġǰæʲôҪģһ֡ԨЦһ˵
áƤͷ
λڿԽ뱤ˡмǣΣգ̼ͱƤһ˵
ಡ
Եʮ߹ĺĳԱ層ݷйȥ
層ݣȫյġȫգǾͻһУȻУΪ層ҲҪ
˵層϶ġֻǣƿ߲λ޷϶Ψƿ֮µĻ飬ſͨ϶뵽ڲ
ԣ뱤ݺÿ˶ֿʱƴѶϵȻ취ϡԾ˵
칬ƣдѶá
áԻӦ
ʮӰܿ͵層ݵĽ
ڼӽݵĹУܸо層ݵܣһεһۿɼ̽ͬ̽鲻Ҫ뱤ݣҪȴһ
ʮ˵Ķ㱤Ӵͺ뵽֮У붯Ҳ첻
ƿ߲ε飬޷
ʮʱ֮ʮ߹еĺĳԱ½ĴӰ֮ʧԵӰͬʧŮ洵Ƥ˵֮ڡ
ϣʮˣܰȻĳƤ˿ͳ˵


1913 
ƤֱӶһ¡

УһŹ֮̿Եʮ層ݵ飬ǵֶ̿ĹĻ֮ϡ
ƿ޷層ݣԾԵȽ뱤ݵҲ޷ֱӸӦԣֻͨɱ¾ȷʵʮڱڵĴ
ڣԵʮ˵ֶǰɫģʮ˶šÿ˵ֺ棬һ֡ʱ֣㡣
֣ľǻ֡Ե層еı֣ʵʱıڻ֮ϡɱԻû֣һЩҪ鱨Ҳɻû֡Ļȡɱ¾ƶϸ׼
˵ɱһؾǾֻܻһɱ¾֡

ৣ
ǰһ䡣
ɹˣ層ڲĿ⻷ܣ̿
ǿѹơҵⱤ֮ڣֻչԲҷΧطеȫ̫ͬˡ΢΢ü
ڱڵطУкǿҵɱ֮⡣
ȡ칬ƣԴѶڴѶɹ֮ǰҲ޷ȷʹܷѶɹΪⱤ֮ڣȻ޾粻ͬġطһУԼĹ򡣻еĴⱤڵȫֲͬͬƺǸԴϵĲͬǱ档
ԴѶ֮󣬺ܿ͵õĻӦ
ãƴѶԡ΢΢˵ͷ
ѯһȻͨϵȴ޷໥ȷλáҪϣƺǺѡҲֻܣһһˡ
ƣ΢Ƭ̣ŸоһжȥֻܸǷԲķΧҪ̽ݣǾǲܵġ
Ҳ֪層ڲռ便ж󣬵룬һ͵Ļ½ҪСҪǰ̽һ͵Ļ½ǿɾҪ൱ˡڻУǾԵֱӾܸһ͵Ļ½
ǻ
層֮ڣҲǷǳѷЩɶĶȷʵϲһʡһ߷һҡͷ
層ݣɱ¾ܵŮ洵˵ҪܵҪһܵѶȵȻҪȫ׼ģĵӡ͵͵ӣǾҪһЩֶΣñݽ涴ת
涴ƿ˵£ڵľմ֮󣬶ܽ벻̫Զĳ嶯ǣһĳ涴һδһ黹УͼʮͷǳΣտܵ³涴
ҪתƴҪĳ涴ģ֪Ϊˣⳬ涴ĽҲǷǳѡóգҪ涴ҲҪ層ݲҪܳһʱ䡣
һξԵ˽層ݣҪȷ涴ǷڽڽôΣ취涴Ľȡ
һֱУʱܿ͹졣ʱûκһ層ݵӴ̶ȣܱȾĻҪҲǣ涴սɣ޷ͨ涴ԴԴⱤ֮ڣݿռ䲻ȷʵǲеġ
層֮⡣
ĻϣʮȻǰɫġ
뾰ԵʮŽ뱤ݣǹ졣
ƤˣĿⶼһֱĻϡ˵ЩƿҲǺܽŵģÿһˣ뿴ԼҵĺĳԱ⡣ͬʱҲϣԼҵűֳɫһЩ
Ȼ˵߹֣ҪԸ層ݡ֮УҲ޷Ĵھѹơ˭룬ԼӪǿ
Ļϣڵһλģ޽ɽĺĳԱΪһʮ֡ߣǳʯŶʮöڶλĺĳԱֻʮ֡Ƕʮŷ֣Ƕʮ֡
ȻڵĻܿʲôϾԵ˲Ž뱤ʱѡܣûʲôʱľԵˣӦǻڻ֮СʱƣԵ˶層ԽԽ˽ʱɱ¾ֵıڡ
Ե֣ڹĻϣһλֺǸֵ֣ҲǱȽϵĿھԵһ֣ҲѾ֡
ɱһؾ壬ɻһ֡ɱһ壬ɻ֡ɱ壬ɻɱ¾֡ɱһɻöʮ֡ɱһĲɻʮ֡ɱһ岽ɻһٵɱ¾֡


1914 һ
ɱﾳ֮µõĻֲࡣһ岽ܻһٵɱ¾֡
Ҳйء
ǹϵһ岽ɱ¾ӦĻп廷ɱ¾ɣӦܹɱ¾ֵġ
Խɱ¾ȡɱ¾֣ɱ¾һ׺ϸб׼һν層ݵ飬֮⣬Զﾳ۷ǿߡңսϣɲﾳ۷е̳
һȺˣնɱǺܼ򵥵飬ֶһȺǽ峲Ѩĵؾ϶ҲἫࡣԣһ岽ｱһٵɱ¾֣ҲǱȽϺʵġ
նɱﾳǽͻǳķ񡣼ͨﾳɱ󣬶ӦĽȡ֮ˣҲܻȡһɱ¾֣ǻɱ岽һٱ
Դ˴ν層ݵʮˣλڳƿߣҲŶһжϡ߹ڵĺĳԱܹҲû١ЩĳԱеκһ߹ƿ߻Ҳ˽⣬ǵĸʵй㣬Ҳܴ
׿ʮʵǿ֮һһ㣬Ů洵Ƥòϡ
칬ʵȻҲ׿ȣҪһ칬ĵУҲսǿģβδŮ洵ܵ
ʵʮУֻǵڶݶӡ
׿޽ɽΣѩ׹Ĺɽǵһݶǿߡ
ˮ񹬵Ľ׶칬ʥȵΣׯӦǵڶݶӡ
ʣµˣֻǵݶӡ
ȺһǾԣУôֻǵݶӡλƿ߿ԵʵȣúԶ
Ȼˣǵݶӵ߸ˣսҲԶ޾Щﾳ۷ǿöࡣϾ߹ĺĳԱǵļأǻЩﾳ۷ܹᲢ۵ġ
ʱȥ֮ڹĻʮֺĻ֣仯ҲʼƵЩ˵Ļ֣ʼ
ˮ񹬵Ľ׶ǰһֻֻ̻ʮ㣬һֱ̣ӳһΣҲŵ˵һ
׶ǻɱһﾳﰡһƿ˵
һͨﾳɱ󣬼ɻһ֡׶Ļ֣ͻȻһԼͿȷ׶ɱһﾳ
׶ʵڶݶӡԣĿǰڵһλҲ˶ʱ䡣
һݶӵˣŻɱﾳġ൱ڻﾳ۷ǿߡʱıܹһЩʵϵ͵ƿ߲λ顣
Ȼȫλȡ˵ǽڱڣֵܹһЩƿߵĹһʱ䡣
ﾳƿߣǷǳġȴӵﾳĲ࣬Ҫöࡣ
ǿﾳ飬Ҳ޷ƿȫ濹⡣ڵһݶӵǼˣԽƿߣҲܱסԼ
һݶӵﾳ飬ԵﾳɱռݺܴơҪɱﾳһҲҪķѱȽ϶ʱ䡣˵ﾳ£Ҳɵƴ
層֮Уﾳѡ鵥Ǿ䵥ŮһԼʵɲ飬ǿ϶Ԯ
層֮УǵһݴεĻ׿ˣҲҪ֣пɱ֣ڽﾳܻԮ֮ǰɵ˽
ɵһõĻ֣һ㡣
һͨﾳɱһ֡һﾳɵܻһɱ¾֣ǳʯʮö֮ࡣЩ߹ڵĺĳԱ˵ʮǳʯҲԲСĿˡ
ңҲֻɱһﾳ層ݣȻǾܶɱ
׶ڵһʱ䣬Ȼֻ˲ʱͱһ˳Խˡ
ˣ׿׿Ļ֣ں̵ܶʱڣʹﵽ㡣ڱڣһȺпܻкüͨﾳ
׿ĵһĸ㴼һЩתĿ˿ڳƿߡ
ֿĻľֺ֡棬ֵȻ㡣


1915 
ФȻʮΪ㡣
ʱʮҲѾйǧĻˡ
㴼һתЦһ
⾰Խ層ݣһЩʲôⶼʱȥˣɱ¾ȻȻ㣬һֶûáǶʲôطҵ߶ɣôһֶûأ㶷ﾳ壬ѵ嶼ɱ𣿡㴼Ц˵
Ů洵Ƥü
Ļֵǲ٣Ѿаǧˣڵ㴼ֽ˵һ䡣
ڵ칬ռУҪ˰ɣ㴼Ŀת˿ˡ
ռÿһԱ層ݡ칬ǾԺˡھԺ˻ּҲŰǧһ㡣ռУĵˮ񹬣ҲѾнӽɱ¾ˡ
ռ֮⣬߹ȣһԱ뱤ݡȣֲܻռȥȡһԱһֻһԱȷʵûпɱԡУѩ׹Ļߵġѩ׹ĹɽǵһݴεǿߣĿǰĻˡ
ɽڱڣѾնɱͨﾳ
ʱŶ೤ڣһٶ꣬޷ȡһξԽ層ݣҲΪɱǴ̽層ݽ涴ĽȡǣĥԼɡƤ˵
ǺǣƤô˵Ҳеֻǣڱһֱĥµأ㴼Ц
ƤҲ˵ˣ֪ô˵
Խ層ݵڣȷʵһɱ¾ֶûáҲ˵Ŀǰһؾﶼûɱ仰˵ԿûĻͣĳһط
ǵ߲̽ôһﶼˣѾɱܶˣǰģﾳﶼɱ˼
׿ΪҫۡĳԱֳɫ㴼һЩ˼Ҳ
Ԩۣ㴼ۣҲû˵ϲ㴼㴼Ҳƿߣĸ㴼ҲһЩӡ
層֮ڡ
˳Ÿоһʱ䣬ȷʵͣ
ԷһСӡСӣΪ׵һ岽һоŸ壬Ϊ岽ʵֻһ
ԾԵʵСӺܼ򵥣һɨȥȫɱǣûô
層֮ڣԵȻ鶼ͷӬ֪ݵĺʲôλáԣ̽һЩϢҪ˽ϢǾֻһ;ǴС
Сӣһ˳ȥСӵľŸ֮УǸ޷ѡ
ڵѾյʮ㡣ΣͨﾳҪѶѡסŸ޷Ѻ󣬾ԾͿĽˡ
Ÿﱻס֪̾ˣǿ֮󣬱㶼ŭ˻Ӵϵš
ʡɣ
Цһ˵
ǣһݣʲôλãжԶԳѯʡ
˭ش⣬˭ͿԻ˵
ԵȻûãŸֻǳž
Ļ顣
ǵڵˣ
Ҫ㣬㣡û뾰׵Ĵ㡣
ҡҡͷЩѰˣ
ЩȻҲһŵ㣬ǾǼȵҳϣǵȺҳϡԸҲԼȺȻҪǿܶࡣУһЩΪ棬Ըϸ
С̣ˡԹͨԴС̡
ҪЩлϢֻǿǵꡣ˵ѶӦòﾳԽСʩչҲ޷ƶԷ
ˣʼɡС̻Ӧ
ͷųžŸӹȥС̵Ŀ֮£ܿ塣꣬ҲֵϮ
籩Դ߶깥ط
籩Ҳöûùˡ
ۣͣ籩֮£Ÿа˸ҡҡλκȥǵֱ꣬Ӿͱˡ
ô£΢΢һ㶡
ǰĽӴǺģҪ꣬Ѷ൱Ĵ󡣿һΣƺɵˡ


1916 깥仯
ݾ֪ﲻһ飬һֻٵĸ塣Щĸ磬ջʣ
壬ͺǷֳǿĳ塣
Щʵǵ岢ǿǿȣͬĻ黹ҪСࡣпɣȷʵҲҪôǿ塣УҪϲǻĺģ幻ǿٶȲſ졣
깥ֶζԸͻ֣ᷢǵֱߵ󲿷ֵĹ΢̶ȵ깥ﻹֱա
ԼҲù籩ڼһնɱԾȫֶΡ籩壬ȷʵвܴ
һΣԵ籩ֻ΢Ĵһ£ŸУ˸ֱꡣ
ĽǾԶ޷ԤϵġʵҲʶ籩еˣʱԼѾﾳھΪܽӽﾳڡǿȣǿͨС̵ЭȫôЩȷʵ޷ֵ
ҪӱƵЩ鱨ϢҲûֱɱԣֻЩ͸Щ뵽һСģǸɵ˰˸
ѵСйأ
ǰС̻СڵʱȻԽСڵĸʩչ籩ʵǺֲܴڵġһΣС̸ʩչ籩ȴǰϬöࡣˣС̸ƺɱǿ˺ܶࡣ
ЧëйءƲ⡣
Ÿ˸Ѿ͸ˣһҲ뵽ʹ֮СŤɺ˫ĿЩ}ˡΨһŵ֧Ψһ岽
Ľú΢͸岽С
һЩʱ䣬ԳɹˡȻ岽Ҳ˲٣Ͼûȥԣɹʱס
ܿ죬Ծͻ˲ϢЩϢֵһ岽֪Ϣࡣ֪層ݵĺʲôطԽ涴£Ҳȫ֪
ֻ֪ԼȺеĴҪʲôҲû˵
Ѿ޷ڵϢһĨɱ
žСӣǹĻǽϣֺɱ¾Ҳתα仯󣬾ԵĻֱİٶ֣Ȼڵʮλ
Իֵı仯δλƿߵע⡣ϾԾԵʵɱһЩҲǺ顣ǶĳһطҲпܷ·һЩ
ھԵɱ¾ֱ仯Ů洵ҲĵͷֻҪԻ˱仯˵һξԽ層ݲǺ޽ġ룬ҲɱһЩ
ҪԻֶߣֻҪһЩܶע㴼ͺá
С֮󣬾Լǰû岽ϵõд֧Ҳ֪ʲôطࡣҲǣɹģƵۼء
層ĳ
ոսһҲɱ׿ͷɨƺĵ˵ͷ
βɱɱ¾֣ѾʮеͨﾳҲӽʮˡ
ĿǰΪֹûﾳ塣ڸղţһСȺ壬ﾳ
׿룬ԼķûŪǰУӦÿԷָȺ塣ҪɱﾳﾳҲԿܲնɱһﾳնɱɹǿһɱ¾֡
Ȼ׿Ҳ֪ԼһˣҪնɱﾳѶǺܴģرá
Ǻǣκ͹ɽԶԶ˦˺档
Ѱնɱһɱ¾Ҫһһ׿ġ׿ǰȫɱڡ
Уֻκ͹ɽʸĶ֡ˣмһˡȵڶݴε飬ûз
׿ĻѾʮ㡣
ɽ˵ĻֱȽϽӽ֮䡣ǵĻֱ׿Ҳ׿֮ӣͷǳóաٶȣɽζûа취׿ȡ
ǣ˺ڣ˭Ļڵһɾ˵ˡ


1917 
뱤ݵ飬ʵݺ򿿽ԽǿôȻԽࡣ˺ڣܻɱɱȺʱ򣬸˷ٶȶնɱûʲôôˡ
ԣκ͹ɽȻ֪Լʱɱ¾׿ǶżԼĽ࣬̽層ݡ
ɱ¾񣬻ȡֵ;ǻɱܷһЩмֵϢͬԻɱ¾֡ңҪϢļֵɱȻɱҪĶࡣ
ͱ˵˭ֳܷ涴ľλû˳涴ĽȡôһϢͿֵܼǧɱ¾֡
ʱһȥ
תۣʮ˽層ǹʮ졣
ʱһ֧顣Щʵǿ֧Ǵؾɡ
Ķ飬ֱӶ籩СɱʵǿѼϢ
ڲʹ籩УҲϤ籩ƿأԽԽӦ֡
ԼȷСڱС̺󣬸Լ깥żֲɱ
ͬʱԻȷһ㣬Լƿ籩˾޴Ľ
ǰʹ籩Ǽ򵥴ֱһССȻ͵͵ӽˣһͻȻ˵塣ڣʩչ籩ϣ˺ܶ仯ԵѡԵĹ
˵һ֧飬Կ籩Ǽ⼸
Ǿ޴Ľ
Ҳõãµ뷨ڴ˻ϣԵ깥ʽ
ڵ籩ͺѹ˵塣ܹΪΪĵأԣôܹøٵӳǿɱ
ܼ򵥣֮ͬ£ֱһˣϿȷûĥķ˺
ͷԱʶĽгԡܿͷ֣Լ뷨Ŀʵֻ֡ҪٻһЩʱȥоܹɹ
層ݵһʱ֮󣬾Եгγˡ
籩С
ͬ£жɱ籩⻹ǳε¡ֻҪܲƲϵϤôҵɱ
ڵУǵһεĻôԿԴڶΡεУǴ߲εС
γһ깥ϵʱ޾ܹʹ飬пܻѧϰԵ깥
ɵơԼڶǿĻ缶طһΪ˲ĹֶΡ
Щ̫磬УҪߺܳһ·
ĹĻǽϣ׿ȻǵһĻѾﵽ˾˵İ֮ࡣɽˣ˵ɱ¾֣Ҳ֮ޡ
ٽȵڶݴεĻ飬ǵĻִԼһ򵽶ͷӡݴε飬ɱ¾Ծٵöˡ
ĵʮľԣĿǰֻһɱ¾֡ʮ飬ָոմﵽʮ
ֽܷ뱤ݵʮʵϵĲࡣ
ݴε߸ˣﾳܹɻɱǣȽ϶ﾳΪˡͨﾳҲŻﾳڵʵܹһЩﾳ۷ɱһʱ䡣
һݴεļˣԱȽ϶ͨﾳҲһնɱԣֲͻԽԽ
層ڵ߲㣬ȻҲлֱݡǣʼʶǲ󲿶ӣЩֵĻΧɱнﾳӡ
ﾳĴȺӣһݶӵĹɽˣҲ˱ᡣǶﾳΧǹɽǿߣҲпܱΧ
ΪλƿߣҲġˣûȥ
ֻǸɵҲģԱƿȡεڳʳơ
㴼ʹ죬ĻҲࡣʱģԹĻǽϵЩԼӦ֣ͷһ
ƿߣҲһʶȻҲΣ˼׿ɱ¾һֱңңȡһݴʵ֮ӣҲӽһ֮ˡ
ò˵ԻЩ⡣ⶼѾһˣȻûмͱҲ㲻ˡ㴼ƣҡͷһı顣


1918 Ӫ
ӾԵʮ˽層ǹ˳һµʱ䡣
層֮ƿ߲Ҳһࡣʱ칬λڴˡռҲ½ƿ߼ǿߵִ層ݡ
ûռǿߵƿ߼ǿȴǴﵽʮˣǻкպĴڡ
߹׼
һ層ݣɹ˳涴ôͻ޾ӱӿ
ܵȻɺ칬գƣ綼ܵصӰ졣ʵ˥ȴŹܵɴĻʣӶȵʵ
ԣû˻Ը⿴ܵƣǱĻ졣
֮ڡ
һʱϤԶеƿԽԽ
һϮɫ۵ľԣڿзС
ţ΢΢һ
ڷУԵһֱ̿̽ġȻֻܸǷԲӣ۾һ㿴˴öࡣ
ʱ򣬾Եھ͸Ӧ΢΢һľ
ϢӦС
Ե۾ٶҲ֮͡ĿСĵ̽顣
Ȼ
ȻдۼһӪˡ촽
層ݣһµʱˡʱĶǵѲСӡЩѲ߶УԵõõ鱨Ϣࡣ
ɱЩСӣҲû̫Ļ֡ĿǰΪֹɱ¾ֽһ㡣ڽ뱤ݵʮ֮Уǵ׵Ĵڡ
ȻҲǺżȡĻ֣һֱףȻҲܡ
̽鵽ģȷʵһۼأҲӪء
ڱڣӪвٵġ
ﾳϢ
ƺ١ҿûнﾳ۾з̽飬δֽﾳĴڡ
Ⱥ֮Уﾳʵ̫ࡣڣﾳһЩҲںȻҲһЩﾳĴѲӣļʲⱤڵĿռ̫̫ˡ
ɱһ
С̣׼С̹ͨ
ǣˡС̻Ӧ
ৣԵӰӪس˹ȥ
ֻ飡
֪ͨˣ׼ӭս˳
ӪأǷǳ޴ġϾӴ
Щ﷢־ԺһȺŸĴؾӪسֲĶ֮ӿ
籩΢΢һ٣籩ϯ
εԾΪ㣬ǰ̿
Щǿٳžλó̹ġǰȽӴ籩
ۣ
žžણ
һ߾߾޴壬ӿˤ䵽ϡЩˤȥʬ壬嶼ֱӱòˡ
ӿУͺһ㡣ڿУ˫֡Ƹûг֣ЩӽһڣȻȻˡ
ؾȫûκ㱻ɱ
ûʱ䣬·ĵϣ˺һʬ塣ڶʬѻһǳ濴ȥҲǷǳ׳ۡ
󣬿ǳĹ졣նɱٶȣ̫ˡ
׿ȵһݴεĻ飬ɱҲǿŸطֶΡһȥһȺһɱȥͿһƬǻɱٶȣҲǺܿġǣЧ޷뾰ַʽȡ
ǹһ˿Цݡ
ʹ죡
̫ˬˣﲻԵĻҲС
ؾֻһɱ¾֣岽һٵɱ¾֡˵ȡɱ¾ֺ١ɱʵ̫ˡ
ʱ䣬нӽǧﱻɱ
ЩҲܿʶ˲ԾǶûзǸ֣Լͬȴ̫ˡ
ûãӪﾳҲˡЩﾳȺĺ󷽣Զ˵ľԡ

ô£
飬йŹ֡õʲô
ȥԿֻ飬̻ɱɱһ뱤ݵĻ飬Ƕдءһﾳﶯžλóȥ
Сĵ㣬鲻ﾳǳȥﾳ塣
ӪУﾳжʮ


1919 
ﾳٳԡ
ٶȺܿͻȻ֮䣬оԼʹ׹Լͬôˡ
𣡡ﾳŭһ
һŭЩʹؾٶȣѸٽ
ˡҡҡͷ
𣡡Եﾳ︲ǹȥ
ǣﾳζ˼Σ㹻ǿĿס籩
ﾳ壬̫ǿˡ籩ֱ塣
ֶΰɣͷһת
˻˻ΪһķУиȥ
ﾳԡȻʱʹޱȣҲӷ
֮ǰѾ˾ԲԶ޴ĺɫצӣ͵žĻҲͶԾԻһצӡ
ûܣֻתзܣĳһצӡ
޴ķ˳ȥ
ﾳսȻﾳڲΡһιȻǷǳ޴ġһצӸ˲ԡ
ˣԿŴӿеﾳ
еĹȷʵǿö࣬΢һʱ䣬ܽͨﾳԺĵ˵ͷ
ιҲ֤еĹǣֱɱͨﾳ壬Ҫһʱ䡣
Ŀһת
ЩѾˡ
ôԼȥɣ죬ڿռһŶȺȥ
Щھ֮Сһﾳ죬ôɵˣǵȻ𾪡
ǶʮﾳҲסˡ

ÿ㽫ɵ
ʹõģƺһ깥ǣһϣΧɱˡﾳｻܿ˾
ܵʹؾ岻ϱɱʱʮﾳͬʱ˾ԡ
ĺã
֮⣬Ļǽϡ
һľԣֺĻ֣ͻȻٵ
ǰһʱ䣬һɱ¾̶̼֡ʱԵĻ־ʮϡȻǴһ֮Ļڳƿߵע⡣
ǿ쿴
ԣʲôɱ¾֣ܿ졣
ʮɱ¾ˣʮˡϾҪﵽʮɱ¾ˡ
⡭ôܣ
ƺڶʱɱ˺ܶﾳﰡ
ƿǣĿⶼ˾Եϡɱ¾֣ƿ۾ɵùԲˡ
ʵϣӿʼǰһ̣Щƿ߶ûô⾰ԡȻҲ֪Ǻ칬ĵӣ֪Խ칬ʱ䲻Ҳ֪ɱĵ֮ӡǣǽ֪ԣδԺܶע
еƿߣΪν層ݣȥʶģѹûָɱ
ڣȴ˹ı仯
Ů洵һĿ¶˼Ĺ⻪
СһȻǹػߡԨ΢΢һЦת
Ů洵⡭ô£ƤŮ洵ʵ
Ҳ֪Ů洵Цҡҡͷ
칬ĻȻҲ죬ͬʱҲܡǺ칬ԱֳɫĻǺ칬϶й⡣
һֱԳԵ㴼ʱҲȾˣվ۾žԵ֡
㴼Կɱ˵ˡ㿴Ļֱ׷ǰһءһƿЦһ㴼˵
ֻðɡ㴼˵һ䡣
ʮɱ¾ˡ
ʮɱ¾֡⡭ʮɱ¾ˡˣѾɵʮˡ
ǻɱﾳǣôģﾳĻ׿ǣҲݱܷâƿǣԽ뱤ݵʮˣʵȽ˽⡣
ʮУ׿κ͹ɽ˵ʵǰġ
֮ڣԲϵĴ߶УɱһﾳʱӪڵѾʧȥ˻ɱԵġǣʼӴˡ
ڱɱ󲿷֮ʣµŵﾳʼӴܡ
ܣûôף΢΢һ߶ޡ
ҪӪڵȫɱĿǰǲ̫ˡЩﾳԲ׷Ź


1920 Ӫ
ʩչ
Ҫﾳϣʵϵ͵˳ɱľնɱ鷳һľֱӷŹһЩʵ͵ҲûʲôӰ졣
ﾳʵǿᣬѾյʮȻǼܡ˵ʩչմ󣬾ǷٶȶܵصӰ졣
Ӱ˸Ӵܵﾳһһɱֻʣһﾳʱ򣬾ûųնɱ͸Է塣
֪Ϣ࣬ﾳȺ֮ҲǱȽϸ߲δˡһЩҪϢ϶֪١
͸ﾳ壬ѶҪ͸ܶࡣҲģһЩʱ󣬱ɹ롣屻ﾳʱãȻ·һС
ǲǱݺ򣿡ԿѾʧȥ󣬾֪ﾳʧȥ˾󲿷ֵʶ⡣
ǱݺΧ򡣡ش˵
ڻشʱƺҲЩҲ˲Ϣʱ䣬ǻش˾Ե⡣
Ŀǰλã層ݵĺΧĺĵط
ҲǣǺӪأǾٲ˽ﾳĴڡ
ڱڣжӪشڣʡ
ӪιģһӪأȺеȹģӪءڣжʮʮеӪء˵
УĿǰжٽﾳʵǿģʲô磬ж٣ͷתתʵ
ˣһʮԽԽĽһ֮ڡʵǿǣԪ˧ˡеĽҪԪ˧ʱش
Ԫ˧
һ
ﾳ˵ĽˣӦþǽﾳĿǰΪֹʮﾳڱСڽﾳ֮ϣԪ˧Ԫ˧Ӧþǻƿ߲εĴڡ
Ƿ涴ǵĿģǷ׼ɱ¾ܵԵͳʵ
Ҳ֪ǣֻǷֻ֪һηǳҪжģҲ޷룬ֻԪ˧ͽܽȥҡͷ˵
涴ܵӦܵϢˡͨﾳ֪صϢѾԿסԲ˵ѻ
ѯһЩϢ˵Ӫصλã͵ӪмȵȡЩϢ󲿷Ȼǲ֪ǴӪصλãһ㶼еӪأҲֻ֪ŵλãʾԼûеõʱǲܽӽӪصġ
ѯ֮󣬾ֱɱͨﾳ
⣬Ļǽڸ
ƿǣʱûʲô˽̸ġҵĿ⣬ŹĻǽڡ
Ե֣Ѿŵʮеĵʮһλɱ¾֣һʮһЩ
߹еĺĳԱﾳ۷ε飬ôôɱ¾֣ǲעġ
ǣ˿ܻôɱ¾֣ЩŹˡԽ˼ﾳ۷ε顣Ǽﾳ۷壬Ҳͨ˰߹еĺĳԱսҪȻоﾳ۷鶼ǿܶࡣ
һոսߵߣΪ˾˵ıأ
ʲô
⡭ɱ¾֣ˣһӣʮ֮࣡һƿϢЩɬˡ
ԭʮɱ¾֣ȻһһʮҲ˵ھλ
Ҫ֪һݴεǿ׿ˡڶݴεǿĸˡݴΣ߸ˣӵһߡݴεﾳ۷飬һ߸ˡ߸ˣʱȴֻһ˾Եǰ棬ǵڰԣǵھ
ˣ
ԣһӪءȡĻӦһеӪءһ޽ɽƿ˿˵
ЩƿߣȻ֪ӪطΪȼɱ¾ҲǸӪصȼɱ¾ӦĻ֡ͼӪزɻʮɱ¾֡еӪرɻʮɱ¾֡͵Ӫرǿɻɱ¾֡
һԣ͵ӪأнﾳֹܲһﾳﾳĻ˵һ͵ӪأѶǷǳġǣֻ֡ԼǵһݴεǼˣҲ
һӻȡʮɱ¾֣еӪ൱ԣ޽ɽƿ˵һеӪء
ϵ֮ǰԵĻֲһ²⣬ȻΪġ
ڳƿ߲ǿ߶һۡ
׿ȵһݴε飬һ֮һеӪأ顣ǾԣôҲ
ңӾԻֿʼеӪظʱҲͰյʱ䡣ôһʱڣ͸һеӪأȻ׿ȵһݴεˣ̫
Ƥ칬ǲǸ˾ʲôȺ屬Թþԣ˶ݵʱһеӪأ㴼Ƥʵ
ڻУܹʱһеӪصĶȻĺǣռ϶ܹõóֵġֻǣıֵ̫ˣعƣǳʯҲǧ֮ࡣңıһ㶼ǲɳġ
ıƳ󣬴ǹ̶ģһͻһ㡣ǳԵܹϲı޷ﵽֹġ
㴼仰˵󣬲ƿ߶ʶƤ
Ů洵þԻ˱ԵĹ𣿡ƤŮ洵
ҲȷǷ౦ҿȷһ㣬칬ûн౦ԡ˵һ౦ﱻƳԸġֻһеӪأǾ͵òʧˡŮ洵ҡͷ˵
Ǻǣ칬ûиһ౦Ҳط౦Ȼʱ䲻Ͳ󣬵Ƿǳľˡ꣬ʹﵽﾳΪûнϵĻԵǲܵġ㴼Ц˵һ䡣
㴼˵ȷʵеԵҲʵһְһȵƿ̾һ˵
ȷʵҲʵһ֡°빦˵ͷ
Ѿ˵ھôͿǷܼɡһȺ幥ͱĻҲһֱʹȥˮ񹬵ƿ߳˵
Щƿߣڱ⣬̽·žԵʱ
ڱڣѾҵ˵ڶӪء
ӪأͬеȹģӪءǰﾳУԴ֪еӪصλãȻ壬ֻҪ֪λãҪҵͲ̫ѵˡõĻҪķѶʱ䡣
˵Ե֮ѾǴɲΣѰӪصʱҲǷźǿá
Ѿһһʮɱ¾ˣ
ӪҲĻôӦûܻһϵɱ¾֡
ٺ١ʼɣӰһֱ·ֵеӪطӹȥ
ֻɲ֮䣬͵ӪصϿաһΣûһСĽӽֱӵӪصϷ
ִλú󣬾ֱӴ߶籩Ӫϯһ飬ɱ˴ĵʹؾ
Щǿ籩޷һɱģԵԵĻɱ
ʱ֮еӪأѾƲˡ
ʮﾳųԷĳžԳʱǵҲǲе
ȫ֮£ЩﾳٶܵصӰ졣ǳ嵽Խǰʱ򣬶ʮﾳֻʣһˡ
ɱ
ɱ飡
ģ깥ʽܿ¡죬ɱҼֲ˶ˡﾳ˻𣬷ĻӶ޴צӶԾԹ
ԣҲܣƾЩצԼϡ
ĹУԼǿķֻԵ岻ϵڿռ˦˦ȥеķǿ޷þЩﾳĹÿһαԵ嶼ᱻɳҲܵһ˺ǣ˺ԾԹв
Ҳûʱָƣһ߲ٿɱ壬һǻӶ׽߶֮кɱӳ£ɵĽ⣬ÿһＰ˺
дʶԼ޷ɱ飬ӶʼӴܡǣԲӴܳȥһ·׷ɱȥһﾳҲھԵı׽֮¡
һս̣ʱ䣬ʮʱѣȵһβеӪʱ䣬߰˳ɵӡ


1921 ڰ
ǰһӪʱʱԽϳΪʵԼ깥ܡ
һΣһʼȫ֡ڵһʱ䣬ǽӪдؾɱ˾ųϡ
û깥һֶΣǾһеӪأȻ˵ѶȲ󣬿Ҫʱ䶨Ȼͻ᳤ܶˡ
һڶӪأԴ˴Լһٶʮɱ¾֡Ӫظʮɱ¾֡ʣ½ӽʮ֣ɱӪھųɶȡġ
ڣԻȡȫɱ¾֣Ѿﵽ˶ʮ֮ޡ
Բ鿴ɱ¾ڵĻ˵ͷҡҡͷ
⡭ֻǿʼ΢΢
֮⣬ƿǣʯˡ
ĻǽϣڵһλȻ֮׿Ļһʮ
ڵڶλǣѩ׹ɽɱ¾Ϊİپʮ
ڵλ޽ɽΣɱ¾ָոմﵽİʮ
ڵλˮ񹬽׶Ļָոչ
λǺ칬Ƕپʮ
λׯ󣬻ǶʮһЩ
ڵλʥΣĻǶʮεĻѾһʱûʲô仯ˣӵλ½˵λ
ڵڰλģǾԣɱ¾Ƕʮ㡣
Ҳ˵Եɱ¾ѾԽȫݴε߸ˡݴε߸Умɱ¾δﵽһ㡣
ʱԵȻֻǵڰλ֣ڳƿǣΪעһΪ̫ˣ̫ˡһʱ䣬Իһֽһѡǰ󼸸ʱȥĻ־ʮҲﵽ˵ڰңֻڵβŵʮѡ
ԣ˵Ǹżߣһɫߣڼžпѯʡ
ʥȵһƿ߼ǿߣ֮ǰ層ݸ
Ҳ˵ԣ֪ǴһԪߡ޾󣬼˺칬˵棬ɵһ칬ط
ʵϣռڶ棬һעġЩռҲǿ߽ԼĴСռҲȫںĸռ涼Ƚ⡣
ȻʵԶܵͣʱҲһЩž޵ߡߣкܺõı֡һ޾磬࣬ôͽӭһڡ
ֻǣģҲȷʵЩˡٱҲ˱ɣ޾̤꣬ﾳҲͰˣǣһոմﵽﾳߣΪ˾˵ı֡
ڱڻõɱ¾֣ȻҪܱȵڶݴεﾳ۷ˡǿɶ߹ĺĳԱۻ磬ﾳ۷жվڶġ
ǸСӡ޽ɽƿصĵ˵ͷ
ôʲôˣʥȵƿʵ
ӦŮ洵ˡ˵⾰Ե칬󣬽Ů洵Ů޽ɽƿ߿Ů洵
ƿ߲ǿߣʶŮ洵
Ů洵Լ֪ô˵ԾԵȻܹעˣҲڱڣԶһЩʲôԼãʵ㣬ȷʵ̫ܻȡ˶ɱ¾֡ңԻȡɱ¾ֹ̣˻һˣһѭ򽥽Ĺ̡ԣʼܳһʱＸûлɱ¾֡ȻͻȻ֮䣬ͷ񱬷ˡ
̤ﾳʱ䲻ãսǿ֮ǰǴֻصڶءŮ洵ֻô˵
ԣüͷĸˡ
ǺǣѾܹȷǾдˡ㴼ֺǺЦһ˵
УһıǺֲܿġȻѭʹã̺ȴҲԶʹáֻÿһʹãڲͻӦļ١
㴼£üλƿ߶˵ͷ
ΨͣΪǿܾǾ̤ƿ߲ΡƿһֻҪҵӪأӪصǺ顣ûдﵽƿߣǵһݴεﾳ۷飬Ҳ޷˶ݵʱʵеӪء
Ȼû˺
˺ͲӦֻоԵɱ¾ӹĻǽϿ˵Ļֱֶ;һϴ
ڱڣڶеӪغֿ뿪ѰһӪءûп뵽ݺ
ǰȡϢ˵ˣڱڣԪ˧ƿ߲ε


1922 
ﾳ屬һЩнƿƴɱһˡ
ƿ߲εж£
ţҲԲΪԼھƿ߲ɱңƿ߲ֻԼʹմδܰѵ
óգƿ߲εһϵжߣԣƿ߲ǻܶԶܶԶ
ĴڣǽеλƿǿռǿԸˡ
ԷţѰһӪء
ţ
⡭ѵĿǰ
ʱлûоټǣȴܸоǰϯϢ
ǸطȻŴڿٷ֮С
ӰϢӹķȥ
֮
⡭ö֮У޾޷㡣ңܸǵȻеȺﶼ֮⣬и
壡Ȼۡ
УһΪǿϢֱײ΢ԣͷﾳ
Щ׷ɱ뱤ݵĻ顣˲Ϣ䣬ҲȺǿţӰӴ֮С
ǵķٶȣƺܵһӰ죬ô졣һ׹ܵǽﾳӰ졣
뱤ݵʮˣʵǿͨﾳ壬˸޷Ӱ졣ﾳ壬вʹˡ
ﾳ壬һֱȺ֮УҲɳӴе˹壬ֻһӴܵˣһ߶糱ˮ﷢ʩƺɱˣȺĲݵӡ
ɶ񣡡
Ⱥ׷ˣӴܵˣ
ȺѾ׷á壬ǵٶȡ˷УĶ󡣿ǣǸ޷˦糱ˮһ
׿ʦ֣Ҫ߰ɣһ飬ڶǰԶ˵
ǰˣ׿˵ĺ飬֮ͬӣʵϱ׿Ͳ˲٣ǽ뱤ݵĵݴΡ
ˣ֮⣬һܽޡĺĳԱҲǽ뱤ݵʵڵݴε顣ӴУǰ׿ԵΪɡʵʵܹѵ׷ɱġֻǣƺ뿪
ߣ׶༪١׿Ŀ˵һ䡣
ʵڲУǾͼͱ뿪層ݱǡҧҧ˵
׿û˵
ͻȻĿһʱ˾ԡ׿Ƿǳӽƿ߲εﾳҲǺǿġȻ޷뾰ȣȫ̿ҲܸǱȽϴķΧľԡ
ǷЦ
лˣ
Ƕˣߡ׿˵
˲׿ҪʲôԶУ׿
ľԣ۲׿ԼȺǲҪɱ׬֡͸о׿˸ıԭķз򣬾ȻԼλó˹
Եϣܿ⡣Ȼ޷Ϥ׿뷨Ϊ׾ܲ³׿⡣ԭǼٶУȴͻȻı˷ԼλÿȻǲġ
ʦ֣ǡ칬ľԣܽޡ飬ͬʱ˾ԡ
ûСӡ֮ǰɱ֮ӵǸǺǣ֮ǰһ¡ܰѵȺ׿˵
Ǵ㣬þӣע⡣Ȼѿǣ׷ɱ
򲻵ѣҲʹôͱ뿪ݡһ뿪´νʱɾûдͱһֶˡ
ˣԾȻʲôøС˵һȺ׷ɱûб׷ɱ׿ڱԣаھԼͱ뿪֮ǰɱĻԣǶкֱܴӳɱԡ
׿ʲô˼һŭʵ
ʲô˼Եѣûڱ׷ɱ𣿼ȻˣѵҪԹۣ죬Ƿֵһѹ׿䱰ɵ˵
׿Уֻܽޡ¶һ˿֮ɫ


1923 һ֮
Ӱųˮλóȥ
׿Ҫʲô֪
ˣǹɡȻ޳ܣͲܹĺˡ
ͷתгԹҲδҪ層֮ڰ֮ӡڣ֮ӣȴɢעôͲܹ־ĺˡ
׿
òҪźң򡭡ڵһǣ󾯸档
׿Цһ
ԣԸˣҸĶˡ㲻֪ߵغģ޾Ҳټи֮Ц˵
йͱ𼤷ͱб£ͶɱﰡԾ˵
¾ֱӼͱ뿪ԳԼԡ
ԣûҪͱ
Լ΢΢һ
ͣԭأ׿˳ûתߣҲûκҪͱļ
Եѣ߰ȺУнﾳܽޡĺĳԱԺС
תĿһܽޡĳԱԺ˵ͷ
ڣ׿˽ӽһ롣
УֱʩչС
еĹĿ꣬Щ֮ӡԭǴ㽫ܽޡҲڣԼ뿪Щ֪ҲͷŹ˴ˡ
Ϯ׿͸˶׼ʶʱܵµ˺ѡ
׿ǵһݴεǿߣйķӦȻ졣
棬һɺ嫵ܾӲĳʹࡣķٶ΢һЩֶȻ١屻˲䣬оϢ
ûˣ屻ʹϯȫһ̣뵽ʧ֮СԼĻҲ׷ɱǡڿͣסˡ
ڼ̵ʱУһĴˡǴʱ崴ˣǲҪ˸ǣĺ󷽣ġݵʧû
ĺɫ̼㽫˺Ƭ֮ӣͱﶼûм
ʱܽޡĺĳԱʶʲôڼٷŤͷӰںɫлΪƬȫ΢΢һǼȺȻĿԡ
ȻûбϮ׿͸˵쳣ǾԲƽ޹ġһУֻǾйءʩչĳĹ׿͸ˡ׿ʵǿĿסˡɸûʵˡ
׿ѳصĴϢĿг𾪣Ŀžԡ
깥
СӣȻҰǣ׿ɱԡ
ǣǿЦǴһȺڵλÿѵӦòֵű˺ҳնɱʱ꼰㣬ҲӰ죬Ҿֻ˵ǸˡЦһ˵
ɶ񡭡׿Ƿŭ˼㣬ɱᡣ
ǣȴסˣûжԾֱӳ֡
ǳˮȺû˺鸶ֹͣ׿Ҳٴγ걻ζǰǴιûסãȻСʧȥʶô³븶ж
Ȼŭɻסˡ
𣡺𡭡
˻
ɵһ飬ЩﾫޱȵĿܡ
֪ν뱤ݵĻһʮˣʮÿһʵǿЩһÿһɱĿǰΪֹղ˺Ǹ飬Ǹɵʮеĵһ˵һʤ
籩ǵض΢΢籩ʩչ
ε̿
žžžžٷеܼĴӿ׹䡣
Ǵؾǵ޷ֵ籩ĹֻҪӴ籩弸ͱض𣬵
ʵ̫ˣÿһ˲䣬д屻𣬱һʬ塣
Եɱ¾֣Ҳ֮ЩؾɱĻȷʵܵͣ岽һٵɱ¾֡ǣɱʵ̫ˡ
Եɱ¾֣Ǽټٵ
ѾеԺ󷽵׿ܽޡ飬һĻӶҪ


1924 ս
Եǰͺһ򡣴ǰͺ̣һ˲䱻ɱ
һݴǿ׿ɵˡ
ԼʵһֱţȻδ̤ƿ߲ΣɼԽƿ߲ǿߣҲ㹻ܹѶԷ׷ɱ
һν層ݺܱĶֻ֣κ͹ɽˡκ͹ɽˣ׿ΪԼҪǿһǽ層ݻɱٶȿ죬Ҫκ͹ɽơ
Ϊν뱤ݵʮˣܹȡɱ¾֡
ڣıסˡ
ԻɱٶȣίʵǺˡ
ģ
깥Ϊ֮ǿ
ģѹ֡ѹɱ¾֮졣ȻȹֶΡС֮ǰСˡ׿ɫ粻
ȺеĽﾳҲס˾ԡ

һеӪءﾳֳͨɫżһ۾ܿ
ӪأҲ߲ע⡣
ν뱤ݵʮ飬߲֮ǰעģ׿ɽΡڲ֮ǰֶһԡ
ɵ
ϧһУĹֶ⣬Ⱥв󡣱ȸɵﾳУŭ
ڽﾳ£ӷĹԡɫɫĺһ㣬žѹ
Ե籩Ȼǿޱȣɱٶȼ죬ʵ̫ˣֱһ֧ģȽϴľӡ
ңԲʩչ籩ҲǺܴѹֲ޾ġά籩Ҫ
Կʼ󳷡
һߺ󳷣һвεʩչ籩㣬÷ŷݵİ취ܵĶɱ
ȺﾳεҲûʹлɱĸԣֻﾳٶȡ
մࡣӣû취ԾγɺΧ
Сֶ˵ã׿һֱ۲죬ԽԽľչֳֶΣ
𣡡ǽﾳ壬ͻȻһ
Ӱ˸ֱžԳɱ֮ǰһֱģдͨﾳﱣڣ̲סġȻǳҪɱԡԣնɱ̫ˡ
ţԿﾳʱһ
ﾳһֱھģǾԸû취֡һ壬ͿܱӰΧʱĥ
ɽﾳˣлˡ
ܸɵһﾳ壬Ǿһɱ¾֡ңһﾳ壬֪ϢɲͨﾳܱȵġǴӽﾳУ֪һЩ涴Ľջʹˣ㶼мɱ¾֡
ﾳǰϰٸͨﾳ塣ǳ濴ȥһǰϰٵɫ⡣֮󣬱ǳˮĺڹӿ
֪Ūﾳ岻׵顣˵ƿ߲ǿĳ棬ɱﾳ壬ҲѶȡ
ġʱɲ
΢ϣɣﾳٶȾˣܿͽӽһ룬Ӷɫľצ͵žĻ
ɫ⣬ſµѹ
һȽƿ߼Ĺ̫ࡣ
ĹҲǲ˿Ĵ⣬д߶ޡ
֮
ɵƣ

һ˲䣬ԱʩչǿֶΡңٿһ͵Ϯﾳ塣
ۣ
飡ֹΣڿռڱ
񱩵ܣԲʮռ䡣µ籩УԵٵˡ
µĹ
ãк칬Ļ缶ϵεĹзһֵܵס˿ľ
ײУﾳҲܲܣӴɫҲ˺ܳһξ롣ɫľ޴˫Զ˵ľԡʶ鲢ɱеŭȴȼյøΪҡ
ͻȻһûȥ׷ԣһܽޡȥܽޡǰնɱﶼסˣһʱ˳ûߡʶﾳƺҪŪԼʱȻЩ


1925 ѯ
ܽޡֻоһɼֲϢӽ׽˽ﾳĲӰٶʵ̫ˡ
ʵڵݴΣֱԽﾳ壬Ȼ޷Ӳ֡
ҲûϵͻȻתƹĿꡣҪܽޡһѣԶˮȲ˽𡣾ٿԶľҲ̫Ч
ৣܽޡֱӼ˴ͱ
뿪ݣġǣԼȻΪҪ֮ǰĸͱĻᶼûС
ܽޡܿռŤһ£Ӱʧ
ﾳĹգŭĺһٶȽĿתԵϡ
層֮⡣
㴼һĸɫޱȵ
Ϊ֮ӸִӰɫ˻ɫţ֮Ӹ˱֮ڡǵĿǰΪֹʮ뱤ݵΨһġ
׷ʲô£
ģ
ƿǣ֪һˣЩƿߵͷЩء
ɱһˣǾɱڶ
ѵƿ߲ңƿ߲ԳˣҪȻΪͱﶼûܼ
֮Ӹֱɻɫһֵǰˡ֣ǾԡʱԵѾӵڰλ˵λһֻڷܿܳڵλ
˻~
Ƭռ䣬Ӱ΢΢˸һӰ֮ڡ
ڱڼ˴ͱܽޡ飬˳뿪層ݡ
ܽޡһǾۼȫĿ⡣ڶƿߣȫˣĿǰΨһͳ顣
ɳܽޡƿӰһɳǰ
˵֣ǽɳ
ɳܵλƿߣԼȵƿߣ԰׵ɫŻָ˲١ڴͳ֮ǰǽĹȻӡԺС壬ڵܹԿġ
ˣɳܽޡƿ߹
ţô£㴫ͳˣܽޡƿǵͷʵ
ˣұ幥޷ֵҲ޷ѡԣֻܼͱ뿪ݡɳ˵
壿ܽޡƿ΢΢һ
ɳ֪ô𣿡㴼ʵ
㴼˲֪ɳ븶һ𣬵󲻾ãɳʹͳȻͻ룬ڸʱɳҲֳ
šɳ㴼˵ͷ
ɳͷ㴼ɫ΢΢һ
˵˵Ϊʱ伤ͱȴڱ֮ڡ㴼һ˿ʵζ
ɳü
㴼עһ㡣ֲǣɳɱĸɳԻش⣬ҲȨش⡣ܽޡƿҲü㴼
㴼ЦһȷʵԵЩˡ
ѣûˣʬ޴档ΪûܼͱҾͲ̫ˡɳ˵
ʵ֪ʱܾԵ깥Ӱ졣ɳûܵ깥׿˵깥ǡңҲˡ
ֻǣɳ˵һ㡣뾰ǰû飬ɵʱ˽ԣⱾǺܱӵΪ깥Ը׿͸ȴδɳɳȻףǾԷһʱԶ֣³Բȸá븶ʵϼӽûܼͱɳȻҲǲΡ
ԣɳʱ㴼ѯʣû˵ԭ
λһۡ
ûûüͱⲻ
˵Ǳƿ߼﹥ֱɱ߶ͱ⻹˵ùȥɰɳ˵Ȼûƿ߼֡
ɳСѣɿ޽ɽĵӣ޽ɽһλƿƽʵ
ǰûп޽ɽԱɳҡͷ
ɳСѡ߹ƿߣѯɳ
ɳĿǰΨһͳ層ݵˣЩƿ߶֪౤ڵ
ɳСѣпԻ𣿡ƤҲѯʡ
Ů洵΢΢һɳ
мԡɳƤӦ˵
ţƤ΢΢һ
ǰƿɳûԼĳԱɳ˵ûɳûԻʱʵҲû̫ϣȴû뵽ɳȻ˿϶Ĵ𰸣˾ԡ
ɳСѣʲôأŮ洵Ƥٴο֮ǰȿˡ
ڳƿߣҲ䡣Իֲ̫ռˡ


1926 Ҫ
ƿѯɳʱԵɱ¾ѾﵽʮڹĻǽ˵λͬΪ칬Ա䵽˵λ
ԵɳԵЩ
Եı֣̫ˡԵֶΣۿ֮ǰ޷ġԻɱٶȣЩˡˣԵĸʵҲǿЩסڴͳ֮ǰɳۿǽﾳ塣
ɳСѣڱڵʲôɱ¾ּ㿴ɱĹ𣿡Ů洵ʵ
ƿ߲ǿߣΪǽĳִģǿ
ţˣԵѻɱٶȣĺֲܿǵֶΣҶδҲ֪ݡɳͷҡҡͷ˵
Ǿԣò泬ǿնɱİɣ㴼˵һ䡣
ǣɳҡͷ
ˣԵʱ龰Ҽ¼ˡɳȡһӰ
ʱǳ𺳣˶¡¼Իɱ̣ҲǱʶΪ
кܶ飬ϲ¼һսǿ֮սۿĻܸԼܴʹһЩӰʯ¼ܹں̶ܴϳսģǿ߶սʩչطֶεϢģ⡣
ȻҲֻģս
˶Ӱ򣬴Ҷ澰ġɳ˼Ҳڡ
䣬ɳƲѴͳݣǾȴδһڳնɱ˭ȫûкأ

Ӱ򼤷޴ĻڻС
ȫˣתĿеĻ档⻭޸ǰ龰ֻоɱľ
⡭
ֶΡƺ깥ɣ
ôܣ⣬ǻ깥Чܲ
ôģ깥ƺ塣
ûпʹʲôĹ
칬ļλˡԵıֻ֣ҫݡ
ãǽˡ
ƺɱԣ̫ˡ
ţԾȻûжܣԿһƿߣ۾ɴˡ
Ů洵Ⱥ칬ƿߣҲȻǶ֪ԻţڱڼɱǣԾԹǻ޷ƵĲ
ǿײһκ˶˵ˣһס
֮
СӣҪˣԨ͵˵һ䡣
еļ˷ܣ˿Ⱥ칬ļԨ۶ԾԵı֮ģǲûɵġԣϧȥԣΪԹռػߵݡԱֵԽԽǻϲ
СӵսԲμ֮¡ǰǶˡ
ǰСһ濹⡣ֶΡĺɵƿ¶ﵽ˰ɣƿǣ׷׷̾
̫ˣڼǰǵ𣿡
ǵڶۣ˽붫ȡ
֮ڣ
ƾ㣬Ҳɱң
Σ
֣ԲϵĶԽ巢
ǽ޲ýʬΣûʲôˡѾ뾰潻ΣûܶԾɴ˺
£뿪ӣǽӦָԼľӡǣҪˡĻ飬̫ɶˡ
֪УȻԽԽԶˡ
ժǾԵļƻٶȣԼٶȣöࡣǰӴܣں׷ɱ壬ϡҲһЩͨﾳ壬ǿ׹ں档
׷ɱԵĻЩͨﾳ屻˦Ҳֻʱ⡣
ʱ׿Ҳһֱžԡ
׿Ҳնɱ塣㣬ý뾰ƴܾˣȻ֮
ԵȻǻ׿ֻǣʱûľԸ׿׿ʵ̫ǿûнӰ죬ҲѸɵ׿͵ϮҲֻܻ׿ӽƿ߲ε顣
ʱһš
壬̫ǿˡü
һһ岫ɱУԵĺܴġļֶιǿҲࡣ͵ϮҲ¡Ѿкһʱ䣬ûʩչˡ
ʱ䲫ɱУȻ˲˺ɾɱ廹Զ


1927 
ԵܹӦ׿һֱԼ
Ҫ©𣿡Ц
ռˣ͵óеաת
ﾳ壬ѾˣһҪɱҡ׿һҲһȹҡ۾
ʱĳȷʵھԵϡΪ죬Ҳ뿪׷ɱԡ
ಣӰһ׿
ܸӦ׿ĴڣȻ֪׿λá˲Ϣ֮Ϳ׿յӰ
׿ѣﾳʵ̫ǿɱΣЦж׿˵
׿
֣㾰֣ڸղţ쵰ɱĸ
׿ѣ֪һЩǶǻ顣ǹͬĵˡɱ壬ǻõĻҲ˵ϡܵõĽû׿ּܾ˵
׿ѣǲԸ֣ҲֻܷˡԹ˵޷ɱﾳ壬ҪҲʲô¡ˣ׿ѣ㵽ҪҪ֣ÿ
׿Щԥˡ
ԱֳʵĿĵġһȫﾳԿսֻǲԼ֮¡
ԼһˣҲǼɱﾳ塣
Ҫ쵰֣Ժһɵ
׿кܿ˾
ԣȻҪҺҾһΡˣһԸﾳ塣׿Ծ˵
ãЦһ׿ѣҴ棬档ȡյʱھ͸ɵ塣ʱǾֵܷһɱ¾֡
Ժ׿Ϊ⣬ٽӽĽﾳ塣
䣡һն塣
壬ԾԵĳ޹ȻǳȻ׿һҲͲ׿ɫľצ׺ݵĹԡɫâ˸žȥ
һĻ׿ҲǴϲ幥ѹҲǺܴġڣȫԣַܷ⵱ȻǷǳ顣
׿˸תܳᣬﾳ;Զɵû飬ɱԣҲᱻ֪֮ЩƿߣֻΪС
ʱ򣬾ͻȻת߶մԶݡ
壬׷ԡ
ʩչڽﾳϣٶȶʱ
յʮȻ޷סʵǿĽﾳ壬Ӱ쵽ķٶȡᣬӰһ˸ʧƬɫĿռ֮ڡ
ﾳ壬ʧȥ˾Եټ
ɶ񣡡
ӵϣС֪ܣŭ
ʧȥ˾Եټ׿ȴһ߻ڹ͵תŤͷ׿
ȥɣȻԾԵĳʱʧȥ˾ԵټֻܽŭתƵ׿ϡ
׿Ҳʶһ㡣

쵰Ҫң׿Ҳһ䡣
˼ΣȷԼҪɱﾳѶȺܴ󡣶ңûоַŷݵ岫ɱǺ󷽵Ӻܿ׷ɱʱ򱻰ΧɾΣˡ
׿Ҳܸɴ֪࣬ɱ󣬱̳ˡʵͬ԰ѵﾳ塣ֻǣҪʱ᳤һ㣬ûоԵܹӰķٶȡ
׿ǰӴܣں׷
Ӱ֮ľ룬ȻԽԽ󣬵˺һᣬ׿ûܰѵ׷ɱڵҪһյϵʱ뿪׷ٷΧ
ľԣٿ㣡׿žԡ
ৣ׿ķзǰһӰͻȻ֡
ӰǸղŰѽ׷ɱľԡ
׿ѣ죬ָɵﾳ塣ˣת塣ԿڣӴе׿к
׿仰ûһѪ
꣬ȿ
׿ҲûлӦԣٶûκν͡㲻ɵ壬Ҳ뾰ˡ
׿ѣôܣתֵ
ߣԣٷϻӲˡҪɱ壬Լϡ׿̲סŭһ䡣
ǿɲУǷŶˣҪֵģһܣô£ҡͷ
ʩչ
ֻһΣԽ壬ٷе׿


1928 ɱﾳ
׿Ӱֱڿռһɲ
ʮ£׿ķٶȣֻʮ֮һ£ٶܶпֲѹʵСһЩ飬ѹ£嶼ֱӱѹɷĩ
ԣʲô׿ˡ
ûʲôûʲô׿ѣָеﾳ塣Це˵
ﾳ壬׷ɫľצݺݵĻ׿
׿߶ʩչǿطڵһݴε׿ʵǷǳ׺ģӽƿ߲ΡǱӰ죬Ȼǿޱȡ
Ļֻ׿ɳһξ룬³һѪѡƣʵǲʲô
һι׿ֽ֮תƵ˾ԵϡղžȻ뿪Ƭ̣ĳФȻڡ
֮ʩչ֮
ˣε֮ϢӽӴӹȥ
֮޾صĵ֮һһص֮֮ЧҲǳ㷺
Ե֮ȻδɱΪ˴Ҳﵽ˴ɲΡӰ£ﾳ˱仯˿ԣֿ˿׿Ƭ̺󣬾׿Ϊ׿һЩ
׿۾죬ݺݵĶžԣ޲ý̻
ʱҪԽﾳĹ
ɹˣɳһ
֮Ӱﾳ֮ǰҲȷܹɹڿЧǲġ
ڿУûгֹﾳ塣ǰ׿ռֵ֮Կɱˡ
׿һҪߣԵ֮

ɶ񣡾ԣӵţ׿Ҫҧˡ
뾰ƴˣɴʱֲҶԾԶ֡ԾԳ֣Կ϶ʱǰ󱻼л³ȻҡԣʱľﾳԺ䡣
׿ѣʵȻǿ
ͣ
ԣûݺݵĴ򣬽ɵҿ㡣һյΪ׿
׿ͷڵѪ
׿ﾳ岫ɱã˫϶˺ۡﾳ壬Ϣʼ̫ˣʱ׿Ѿռ˺ܴơ
޷ʱ䲫ɱٶ̫죬ԽǼҵɱľԽ졣
ԶˣѾˡӣڽ׷ǰϰٸͨﾳ壬ǵӰѾǳ
ﾳ壬ѿʼˣƺҪصԼľ֮С
ܵˣ
صУһŬ׷ˡһֱйעս
УʩչС
ˣ
ɱе׿һʹȫֱһ¡ⲻڱڣһ깥֪ܿǾʩչ깥
ⱰɵСӡ׿ŬĻָǣž˻
飡Ҳʱ򣬽ﾳľצϡ
׿缶γɵ֣žһ顣ţ׿嶼˺ѿΪѪˮɢ
һ̣׿оϢ
˿ӣѸټ˴ͱܿռŤֻʣ°׿ʧ˿ռڡ
׿뿪層ݡ
ҡҡͷЩʧ
ˣ
̾Ϣһ
׿ͳ˱ݣǽﾳҲ뷵صС
ԵȻﾳôȥ
ٶʩչϯǽﾳ塣ﾳ뾰ɱã׿ɱã۾ƣһξԵУ˼Ӱ졣
𣡡ŭ
ԵĻ֮䣬۵Ľâ漴ն˽ﾳ塣µĽâᴩ˽ķǿɫѪҺȪһ
ͬʱԻϵʩչ깥ͼӽﾳУһЩĻܣ˵ڳ涴Ľ
ϰٸͨﾳＴִƬսʱ򣬽ﾳǴ޾Ĳ˾ԵС
һƬ˸ŽɫεӴʬ뵳
ĿУһ⡣
һǵ˽ﾳʬԱߡֱ۾һ£֮٣
ǽ
ں칬ֻصĵһ͵ڶ㣬εõǣǵһֻ岽ļ𡣵ڶ㣬Ҳֻͨﾳļ


1929 һ
뵳˵ʵϵ͵޷ڼһնɱͻù
ǣһ˵ʵԽǿһôƷʾͻߡ
ﾳͱȾֻصõƷʸ߳ܶࡣǺһ㣬Ǻ÷ǳࡣĸӦԼס̺źεȴ
ˣһΣķˡȣǵɱ¾ָͲʲôϲ
뱤ʱ䣬ɱﲻ⻹ǵһڱڵõ
ԳЦһ
Ϊ˻ɱﾳ壬Կʵ˲ٵĹ򡣶һУȻֵõġ
뿪
ҵĶҸطָһ˵
ھԵĶ棬ȺѾǶԾԷɫ⽫ʶڸסЩͨﾳĹԾԵвܵ͡ԴʱҪߣǸס
ಣʩչմʧƬռڡ
𣡡
ɶ񣡡
Ļ飡쵰ǵĽˣϰٸͨﾳʧȥ˾Եټ׷Ƭ̣Ǻܿ׸Ͳ׷ϡΧǽﾳܡ
ӵһλˣ壬Ⱥ֮еĹ壬ݼߣֻԪ˧֮¡һǶȺǳʧ
֮⡣
Ļǽϣ
֮ǰɱӵɱ¾ֲֳܻ֮࣬ڹĻǽγԽﵽ
λƿ߶ǽʱһӰ֮֡ƿǣǽתƹȥ
׿
ֻǡ׿ʱֻʣ°壬ǱϢҡ
ڱڣ׿Ȼǳ˿µĹ̶ֳȵˣӽˡ׿һ㼤ͱôͿ層֮ڡ
׿˱ݺ˵κλȡһŵҩ̷ϥ¡֮óǳʯա
˺һᣬŽָϢҲȶ
׿۾˫Ŀų޵Ĺâ׿˽ʱ򣬾Եɱ¾ˡ
ৣ
һɱ¾˲ӣþԵֳܻİ˵ڵĻ׿ǵһɽλжλǵ
һɱ¾֣
⡭
һɱ¾һӵģ
Сһѵѵɱһﾳ
ƿǣ׷׿ڡ
һһɱ¾֣⼸϶ɱһﾳңһ˸ɵġֺôɱ¾Ӧǰһıзġ
ڱ֮ɱĽﾳ壬ʵ׿ĹҲСϧǣ׿ڽﾳ屻ɱ֮ǰ뿪˱ݡԣ־ȫھˣ׿һɱ¾ֶûеõ
һӻһɱ¾ⲻǽ
һɱ¾ָո֮󣬾Եɱ¾ٶһ¡
һεӵɱ¾֣ȫƿ߶һ͡
һɱ¾֣Ѿô𶯣²⾰Գɹɱһﾳ塣ӵĻ֣ȴһǧɱ¾֡
һǧɱ¾ְ
ǳʯҲö֮ࡣ˶ɱ¾֣ƿ߲ǿ߶ںˡ
ƿߣΪԼˣϸһۣȷԵĻȷʵһǧһ㡣
һǧɱ¾ӣþԵܻ֣һǧİ֮ࡣֱӴ˵һ׿ڵڶλɱ¾ֽٶ򻹲߰
⵽ô£
һǧɱ¾֣ⲻǳɣ
ɱ¾תǲǳˣ
Ӧðɱ¾ռͬɱ¾ĹǶλռǿִġһû˵ɱ¾תֹ⡣
ǣ⾰ôõһǧɱ¾ֵģһ͵ӪأҲԶûôɱ¾ֽ
̫ˡԣʲô
ƿǣ궯ˣûܹƽʱǶû̫⾰ԣҪעĻ׿ȵһݴεﾳ۷顣ڣԵķâȫǹ׿ˡң׿Ѿ層ݱͳˡ
칬ļǼ΢΢
ɱ¾ת϶ûġһλһǧɱ¾ֻ֣һǾǣõĻܡһλϵƿ߻˵


1930 
ƿ߲ǿ߻䣬ܱһƬ
Ȼûн層ݣҲ֪ҪȡĻܣԲ׵顣ңĻȻͬСɣɱ¾Ĺ򲻻һξ͸һǧɱ¾֡
Ļܣֵľ޶
ôԵ׻ĺĻأ
ھԳ֮ǰҶ޴֪ҲȷʵΨһĽˡ
ԲǷ˳涴Ϣɣ
ţпܣй層ݽ쳬涴Ľȡ
ǡƿеҡͷе˸ÿ˵ı仯һ
˵ģǺ칬ļԼѩ׹Ԩ֮ۡ⣬ƿ鸴ӣ̲סȥΪβԼȣĳԱ
ˣλǰ
л˵׿ܴ˵
죬ֱ뽫ԸˡһΣ˴׿δԹ˴Ŀڽ֮ǰҲûб˿ӹ㣬層֮ڡʱ׿Щļ¡
߶ͱ΢һ㣬ôԶҲˡһУΪǸ԰Լ
׿ô£㴼Լ֮׿
㴼һΪ׿Ҳͳ層ݣ鶼뱤ݵ֮ӣһ׿һǸǸ׿ͳ層ݡⲻֱʧܴҲ˺ܴĳ衣
Ǿԣ
ӼֱЫĳ
ǣڱڣΪ⾰԰㡣һ깥ʽǳֲǱ깥ʶ⣬Բ޷ͱɱġ⾰Ժġ
쵰ɱ˸ְҡﾳɱʱһֶҵٶȣڹؼʱ깥ҡŵ£˲òӱڳ׿ٺܿ졣
ɵĻ쵰͸׿ŭ⣬صĺ
ʲô
£
ɶԣҪʲôΪ˻ȡɱ¾֣Ȼ˱ӵֶ𣿡㴼׿󣬶ŭúܡ
Ŀ⿴칬Ƥˡ
Ƥ⾰Ǻ칬ĳԱڱڣͬȿµ顣ǣǲǸøһ˵㴼ŭ
ƤȺ칬Ļ׿ɫҲЩѿ
ԣԲ顣Ů洵˵
ߣԲ飿ʵͰǻƱ粻ɣ칬һû꣡㴼Ц˵
׿ģԱһΪУ֮ӸҲġ㴼ֶ׿˵
ʵʲôʵ
ֻ׿һ֮ʣܵʵǿЦܱڷʲô飬ҲõȾԴԻ˵һЩʲôȷԨЦһ¡¡˵
㴼Ȼŭ˿ԨۣϵƻƤŮ洵ǣ㴼ǿơڳԨǰûʸǿơ
ȷʵҪȾԳ˱ݣô˵ǲȷʲô顣޽ɽһλƿҲ˵
ǰô˵ڱڣӦǻ˺Ҫ鱨鱨ܹܿϵ޾磬пûܴʧ׿СѺ͸Сѵֵͬ飬ûŪ֮ǰǻǲҪɫʿԡˮ񹬵ƿҲ˵
ƿߣ׿һ֮ʡ
֮ݣЩ˲ϲÿһ֮ӣǴʬɽѪġЩ֮ӣ֪ɱ˶پĻ飬ÿһأɱļǿοĿǰΪֹҲָֻ֮ԡ
ֶαӣΪɱ¾ֲֶΡô뱤ݵ飬ӦҲǾֶǡ˵Ѿ層ݳɳΪû˵ԵĻأ
֮ڣԲĳ
ǻһЩʱ䣬ָ֮ȡǽﾳ
һЩ׼
ȻЩãھ˰ɣ
ôƷʵҵǿȻ󣡡
ʼ̿սﾳ
˻˻
ͣŽ뵽Ե壬Եǿȣٵǿš
Ǽûκ谭ģֱӾͿǿȡ


1931 ʱ
ﾳ޼֮
ΪĵĲ־壬ֱܹǿȡ
޾УȻҲиֱܹ壬ĲҲȡңеǿȵĲʹõʱҲơ˵һʹЧãʹЧήͣõö˾ͻ᳹ʧȥЧȵȡ
ȴûκεơ
̫ˣ
ͨﾳ̫ˡһҵǿȾңֱ˼顣ϲĸԼı仯
Ҫ֪ԵǿǺǿˡﾳĻУҲ뾰Աǿȵ顣ɼˣﾳþԵҵǿȡ
һ֮󣬾ԵǿֻǲЩƿ߲εĴڣܶƿߵǿȡ
ǿԶԼֶεĸ֪Ҳ֮˱仯
ھԵں
䣡
Եڣһֱ仯֮֡Ե΢΢һ
ﾳڣ
֮ǰԵľѾӽﾳڡʱǿ羹ֱӵõͻƣûκε谭ͻƵḶ́˳þԼò졣
ͻƺ󣬾ǳʯԴȹ̾硣ϵԴʵҲû٣Ҳǿȹ̸ոͻƵľ硣
ȶ󣬾ԽԼյĸֶϤһ顣
ǿûþԶԸֶεյõͻơЩֶεǲͬն
Уܡɱǿֲģ깥档籩ֹʽõ˱
Ҳ˵ڵľֻƾ깥һֶΣҲںܶʱɱͨﾳ塣֮ǰҲɱͨﾳ壬Ҫϳʱ͸ɱ
һк󣬾˼ŴǽﾳеõһЩϢ
ԵõϢƴ֮󣬴ԼҲ֪һЩڳ涴ĺĻܡ
ûжʱˣ
ҵõϢ涴ĽҲԶˡ⣬º󳬼涴ܽáʱ򣬽޷ͨ涴ִһݡҲ¶֮ɫ
ΪһεĹȺ׼áʱ򣬽кܶԪ˧ս
ǾҪݻܵĻȴһ
ó涴ɹ˫ü
Ҫȷⳬ涴Ľڵ㡣ҵڵ㣬ôƿǺռǿҪƻڵ㣬ɱȴݻٱݼ򵥶ˡѰ˼š
ಣӰһһƬɽʧ
ݺ
𣡡
Ļ飡ϣӵĻ쵰Щ涼ó
һӴӰһ
ӴӰͨΪɫֻǿﾳһǽɫıУԼܿɫת
ܣżȿֲѹһÿռѡ
ƿ߼
ǡһԪ˧
ƿ߼ǿߣս֮뺷Ƿǳµġƿߣоų϶޷ƿԿҪ˵ѹƿߵģҲͳԨ۵ӽռƿߡ
ȷе˵ƿ߼ǿʵǳ󲿷ֻƿߣȳԨǸһ
ԵɱƿߣܹɱѰƿߵġıǻܱȵġ
Ԫ˧Ķ棬ʮﾳ壬ǶӵĽʱǶ֪Ԫ˧ŭΪʧһλǵһλ˽뱤ݵĻС
ң
Ⱥ뱤ݵ棬жٸԪ˧ŭ
Ԫ˧ˣյϢȺ뱤ݵĻ飬Ŀǰʮڱ֮ڡǣһʮһ뱤ݣɱһ뿪˱ݣʣʮڱ֮ڡһﾳӦ˵
ҵǣ
ܹľӣȫȷλãңҵǣϧһдۣɱǣȺ飬֮кҪﾳԱɱЩˣҲۡΪˣҴʱԪ˧ϧһУɵ뱤ݵĻ顣
ºһɫ壬Ǵǰɳ
ǣԪ˧ˣ
ǣȥΧɱȺ棡ﾳ壬õɫ󣬶˷ܵӦΪɫɳ


1932 
Ԫ˧ڲ֪л뱤ݡ
ֻ֮ǰһʱ䣬û̫ӡע˽涴ϡ涴ĽѾβмµʱ䣬ܴ󹦸ɡһ涴ϣôν޾ɱ¾ܵݻٵʱ̡
Ǿڽ죬һλȺĽȻսԪ˧ŭˡʶ˴ν뱤ݵﾳ飬Ҳܹɱ彫ĽÿһҪڴսδʼѾսһʧԪ˧޷ܵġ
뱨
ҪȺ뱤ݵĸߣȫɱ
Ԫ˧Ѿ֪Ⱥ϶дͱҪɱЩˣѶȺܴԣʱ
ʱȺΪҪı֮һʱҲȱݶࡣ򲻵ѣͲ׶ʱ
ʵϣʱҲԪ˧С˴ε򣬸涴ȺϻᣬһʱʹáʱҲӦڱ涴Ľ졣
ڱ˵涴Ǻܴġ
鷢ˣҲѻٻݡΪ層ݵԣûʧǻǿߴﵽռε飬ҲƻݣһҪռǿ֣ܴݻ層ݡ
ǳ涴Ͳˣ涴Ľڵ֣ôҵ涴ڡʱֻҪһλռǿ֣ܻ߳ٵ涴
ʱڴʱʱ䳬涴תƳ涴Ľڵ㡣Ҳ˵㳬涴ڵһˣֻҪʱҲܱ
ڣΪԪ˧ŭʱµĽɱ뱤ݵȺ顣
ڵӣ׷׵ӪذӪڵ壬ˣȷ뱤ݵĻλá
ڱ֮ڵĹɽΡׯȵ飬ܿͷһ仯
ˣ
Ķ֡һ֣̻дΧɱ
ЩǾԣʲô
ĳһӰٷУòײ˦׷
ʥȵΡ
εȻ֪ԻɱﾳḶ́ЩҲܲµšǵƣԲѯ뱤ݵ˵ɱ¾֡ԵĻֱǵһǧ϶ʲô顣
ĴģΧˣھԻֱ֮ɴ˿Ʋ⣬Կ϶ǸʲôȺ顣
ԣ칬Ҳ̲סʹú칬ƴѶԡ
ʦ֣ԸӦѶϢӦ
ԣʲôɱ¾֣Ϊһһǧ򣿡ʵ
Ҳûʲôãɱһﾳ塣ңһЩ涴Ϣȷǣڽ涴Ҳû
һ
λʦܣǡȻɱ˽ﾳ塣ôģ
ԣڱڵӶ׷ˡҪСģұˡߣ˵ˡִٵж˴Ѷ
Ŷһ
ɱﾳ壬ñڵķˡλԪ˧֪Ԫ˧᲻Գ۾תת
Ԫ˧ԳɾͲˡЩ뱤ݵˣܾܿҪͳˡ
ȿ˵ⱤУĿǰӦֻһλԪ˧Ӧã뿪ϳĴ׷ɱЩ˵ġѰ˼ţǰС

䣡


һӰʹһɫ乳նɱؾˣ޽ɽΣһݴεﾳǿߡ
ۿԽԽ֣ûм뿪ɱһᣬ׬ȡһЩɱ¾֣ȳֽﾳҲ١
ҲѾ˱仯Щ֮ǰ׺Ҳࡣǣ̫ġͨﾳϰٸΧҲаܹѵ˵ˣԼıΧסˣҲдͱһԼ뿪ݡ
εɱ¾ֿٵ࣬ɱ¾ĵʹؾͨﾳ壬ڸոչȥĽӽʱʱҲɵ
ţ
ڳˣǽﾳ壡
ףȻȻͬʱﾳ壡ǣǷˡ
ˡﾳһ֣Ƕ˵Ҳ̫ΣաθӦǿϢٵĽӽ̾жϳﾳ塣


1933 
乳ٴڿռڻһѺۣ˺Ӵ
ߣεһȡ
Ӱڿռ΢΢һת֮£ǻΪһԶ˷Ӷȥ
ֻǡ
ܿģȻԼķ˼ٶȣҲ޷ƵĿʼ͡ڼ̵ʱٶȾ½ٷ֮һӡ
ô£γԾĸӦܡ
ʲôη֣֮оһֺ޵ԼЩ޵أǰûκθоΪٶȳ⣬֡
·Լ壬궼Ӱ졣
ƣ
ƿδȡ
ܣһƬƬӰͼƾԼֶΣܵɢεı飬ԽԽءΪӽƿ߲εʵȻ޷ѲԼ
뵽ƹ֮
ʱɢǿϢĽﾳ壬ԽԽӽ
գʱξѾɫӰ
ɶ񣡡
ֳ乳ɫӰ
ѽôˣһﾳκ
ӵ飡ϣ죬㽫
ȻﾳĻ飬ʵǿ룬ˣǸ޽ɽΰɣɱ㣬ﾳ׷׿ڡ
ЩҲʶΡ
Ҳ̫֡ڻУҲһͶΪ˻ȡԴΪЧԼȺԸͽ壬ҲܹЩͽеõܶϢ
Ȼ飬Բ֪顣
ɱңûôףЦһ
ɣﾳ壬Ҳٶ˵ֱչ
Ե
Ļ飬һζɫӴͬʱγ֡ɫľצ֮ռ֮
ಣ
¡¡ֵ
εʵȷʵǳǿᣬǵԵԽﾳ壬ǲ̫ĵǡʱɱﾳ壬ֻҪȥʤƽתơﾳ壬ͺѵֵˡ
ʮʱ䣬ξѾܵ˲ơ
ɶ񣬲ܼɱȥˡ
ֻ뿪層ݡЩģû취Ŀǰʹôͱ뿪ˡ
ɱȥܻ
οóͱＤ֮ܿռŤ嫵ķ򲨶١ŤĿռڣεӰ˸ΡǣֱռָȻԭء
ô£οеĴͱ
ͱڵѾľҲ˵ɹˡǣȻûܴ뿪層ݡ
ѵˣͱ⣿Щˡ

ΣΪЩ⣬ѵɣܲˣǹԹɣΪ׵ĽﾳЦһ׺ݵĹ
ܣܣҡͷٴ߶ͱɴͱڵѾȫʧ޷
ʱοϷһɫ
ǡ
ǡѵʱ
ᣡģ壬׽ʱóΪɱң¶ŵɫ
֪ʱֶʱ層ݶܻ࣬ҪһЩıֱ֮׵óǶԸеƿߣӦöʹʱŶԡ
層֮⣬Ļǽϡ
ˣ
һâ΢΢˸
ԭǰɫ֣ͻȻ˺ɫһĻƿ̾ͷˡ
ʲô
ô£ε֣ôɺɫˣƿǣʶĽӽĻǽڡ
ܿǾȷεȷʵ˺ɫ޽ɽΣ߹ĳԱжǵһݴʵΣֱ˺ɫҲ˵層֮ڡ
޽ɽƿߣɫˡΣ޽ɽﾳУϣ̤ƿ߲εġ
ڣȴ層ݡ
ôʲôΣգôûмͱ
ܣԪ˧֣ҲһоɱΡֻܵסһУӦþͿɼͱݲǡ
⣿
ѵǣͱ⣿
޽ɽƿߣȻЩ޷Ѿ䡣ǿƤǲεĴͱ⡣


1934 
ƤɫҲǳѿ
޽ɽƿǷŭʣƤ֪ν͡ͱܵóġЩͱϼߵƿƵı˵ǾԲܳġ
ͱû⣬ΪҲ層֮أ޽ɽƿ˵Ԫ˧Գ֣ҲһɱΡֻҪЩʱ䣬Ӧþܼͱ뿪ݡ
ƿǣʱû뵽ڵﶯʱҶ֪ʱǶʹã
ͺ칬ֻصֻص򹬱϶ó칬õʹá
ͱӦò⡣ʲôǻҪһ֤Ƥֻ˵
һ¼λȱգǴͱ⵼䣬Һ칬Ը⸶޽ɽʧ
ߣ⸶ʧƤ˵ɡﾳ飬ΪֵԴһ޽ɽƿ˵
⡭Ƥü

層֮ڡ
ʹ죡
꣬ζȻеƿߣʲôˡ
ܶԼǲʹ졣ζܳϼʮǶܻͻˣ
ոɱεĽﾳ壬ʳΡ
ɣ
ԣνǱݵĻϣһйɽģҲǻǿﾳ֮һˣǸоԵģǰȻûҲܲ򵥡ҵǣɱǣԵǣ
ﾳ뿪׷뱤ݵĻ顣
֮
ҡҵĴͱôʧЧˣһׯﾳ幥
һ֮ǰɱһս塣ҲʱѳʱĽﾳ塣
һ֮ǰһﾳ巢ׯׯʵﾳԿһɱһߡڷţһﾳﾳ壬ׯû˼ɱˣ뿪ȴٶȸ᲻̼ͱȴû뵽ͱﶼʧȥЧ

ܣ
֮ǸΣѾԵˡڣֵˣﾳһǰһ׺ݵɱׯ
ׯŬ֮һյʱ䣬䣡
ĹĻǽϣׯҲӰɫ˺ɫ
ʱ䣬䣬ׯ䡣ׯȻǵڶݴεﾳǿߣ޾磬ҲǼټﾳˡ
ƿߣҲŭˡ
λƿ߽ʶһ£˵Ϊͱﱾ˱֮ڣôׯĴͱҲ⣿
ּȻǼڵġ
ôǳʲô⣿
᲻ǡⱤڣʱڣһϵƿڳ֮пڣ˵һ䡣
ƿߣɫȻһ䡣
ڡ
缶׽
ոһȺ׷Լ
Щ壬ԽԽˣ·ɱɾҡҡͷ
ţɨԼƣȻһ
Ρׯô£ڲ֪ˡ
⼸죬ûв鿴ơԣֱʱ鿴Ʋŷεֱ˺ɫׯ֣Ҳ˺ɫ
ԾԾ϶⣡˿ɨܡ
ʱֹȥ죡
һգһݴεʥȳԱ䡣
н뱤ݵĻ䣬ڱڵˣʼȷһ¡ʶԼڱ֮ڣһľͻԼȻεΪûܴͳݣ˶̶һڶڱڣȻǲġ
層ݵʮ飬֮ǰʣʮˡļʱֽΡׯˣǾͻʣ¾Ÿˡ
ŸУʥȵĳԱֱӾͼ˴ͱ뿪層ݡʣµ߸ˣҲʼǲ̴뿪層ݡ
ҲƵú칬ͨ
ʥȳԱĵգ͸߾ԣѾ˻ϡһٰȫһЩҲþԾ취ȥǡ˶ڱݺԵشѰȿʼս뱤ݵʱ϶׵öࡣ
ֹһ죬߾ԣ層֮ڵ߸Ѿۼһ𣬰ѩ׹ĹɽҲ˵֮⣬ֻˮ񹬵Ľ׶ʱû˻ϡ


1935 Σ
Ҳ˻ϡ
層ݵĻܲѰȻĳֶΣ򲻿ܽɱεˡ
һݴεﾳ۷飬ô䡣ο뱤ݵˣЯжͱǱΧסˣҲʹôͱ뿪層ݡ
˵ΣεʵӦ֮׿ࡣʵսҪ׿΢ǿһ㡣׿ٶȸ죬Ӧ΢ǿһ˿
׿ʱ򣬶ʹ깥ǽﾳ壬׿ǻͳ層ݡɴ˿ɼҪɱﾳ۷飬Ѷж󡣿ǣλˡ
ԣֻǶԻֶΡ
ԿʼѰˡ
ȻȻ̫̿ѰңȺĶ򣬸˿ҲϣжϳλáϾҶѾڱݺԵȿʼʱѰ򵥵öࡣ
ʦ֣ѰʱѶ
쳣ǧҪʹôͱһɣԴͱֶΡȻε˲ӦñɱԶ˵
ԣ˵ҲȻ
֮ǰûô࣬ôһ˵Ҳʶ⡣
ʦ֣Ӧúܿҵλãһ˵ǧСģһоԾͲҪʹôͱͱڵֻܼʹһΡˣȴûܴӱݴͳȥǾˡٴζ
ţסӦ
뾰жϵ֮Ե˼Ҳתɽˡ
һģˣʵǿȻǹɽһݴǿߡ
Ļɽɫһ䡣
ɽͺһ
ɽʦ֣ôˣ˷׷ʵ
ʱܿǶʱ壬ˣɽ۾תˡ
֮ǰҲڻɣô䡣Ɽƿ߼ҲһɱΡΣˡôкܴܣǶʱһⱦܷʱգǵĴͱﶼʧЧɽ˵
ʱǡǾ뿪ΪáһʱʱգǾͽ޷׷ɱⱤ֮ڣһʮﾳ塣ЩΧǣһҲɱȥɽ˵ģʵ
ԹɽʵͬʱﾳҲֵֻܵһʱ䡣ˣ͸ˡҲ˵һﾳͬʱϣ˵³ͻҡ
ɽĻҲɫס
ʵڲУֻȳȥˡȻûܴ̽層ݺĻܣڲȥͺܿһ˵ͷ˵
ɽʦ֣һͳȥҲҵôѶԣҲȥˣ
ţ㴫Ѷ԰ɣɽͷ
ˣ
׼ѶԣҲóͱ׼ʱ֮䣬һεǳΣƽʱ̫£ǼǹɽһʱҲ
ڣЩ˶ǳעϸڣ궼ȫԣ󣬹ɽ˱㶼ٷˡ
ɽһ̧ĿԶ˵ʡ

ɶˣˣȻʱЩķˡǣȻʱԸЩﾳĻ顣ɽĿԶʣһɫ֣Ǿʱ
ɽ֮ǰûۼʱ˵Ҳ֪ʱʲôӡ棬ʱ޷ȷϾпƵıܶ࣬層֮ڣ֮ǰε䡣ôͼȷɫ岻ڱݵʱ
ˣҲҡ
ߡɳʱΧ̼ͱɽûȫʧȥϣ
ֻҪܷɳʱķΧǻлᡣ
ˣ߶һ˷Сֻǣǵķٶȣȴʱٷ֮һٶȣҪã뿪ʱķΧ⣬Ҫһǰᣬʱԭزƺǲ̫ܡ
δֹͣԴѶʱϢ˾ԡԣǵһ˵ʱҲЧá˵ǶѾʱסҲ

ڹɽ˽߾ȫеʱɫӴӰˡ


1936 Ե
ٶȱͼ졣
ʱɽ˶ʱ˷ٶȡƬ̺ɫӰǽӽ˹ɽˡ
ɱɣ
ܲˣɽͳ˵
ĸˣҲֹͣ
Ⱥۼһ𣬵ʡһȥˣΪ׵Ľﾳ壬ҲǲٿʱǸ壬дЦ˵
飬ǳöࡣһǡ
ɱǰɣһЩһ͵ǷЩζˡһȲ˵
һϵĽﾳ壬һܻиﾳ֮ǰɱ飬Ǿ͵÷Щ˵ζʳĻˡ

ɽһɽĺɫҲǻ缶ݺݵĶΪ׵Ľն˹ȥ
ɽǸڲٿʱܴ壬ǻлἤͱ
һƬ⣬Ϊ׽ϯȥ񱩵ܲĺХǰѹ
𣡡
壬˳ɽЩ壬Ҳʶɽ֪ɽʵǿġ
ɽĹȻͣԽﾳ壬ҲԵЩ壬׾͵ס˹ɽĹ
ϣһ֣ˣҲ׷׳֡
棬ûеڶѡ񡣲ƴƴˣҲ̫ܻٲ̫ҡ޷Ҳɱһ
ɫӰ飬ܿɱһΪ׵ĽִȽ٣۲սбȽϺõĻᣬŻȻ͵ϮһΡ
ʮʱȥһ鱻˺塣
ɶ񣡡
ɽȻŵˣƴȫޡ
طֶΣټϻ缶ȫЩԺ䡣
ֻǣ˫̫ˡ˶йɽʵôһսеĴȥ⼸ˣɽ̫ˣȹɽһΡ
ţ
ǿܲ
ӦáʦǣԵһֱ̤̿ﾳھ̽ķΧҲٴ˲١ʱͲǰĳӹ
ಣӰһ
Ȼ̫ãǡӦþʱ˰ɣҿǱһٿءս֮⡣
ɽ岫ɱҲ֣ҲɵʱԼðȻռ䣬ʱܿܲȲˣὫԼҲȥ
ô죿
ƽʱʱշأԿת
ҲʱȥơֻǼγԺ󣬾Ծ֪ԼʱǸٿأܸɵ壬͸ʱ
ʱһ鱻ɱ
ǣʣˡ
ܵˣ
ٵȥɽҲҪˡĿɨʣµˡ
ɽϣ˲ơ
֮Ŀһȣˡ
׽֣ɨ
֮䣬һ޴Ľֱ֣Ϊ׽ȥ
ţ
˭
ǡǸԣϣΪ׽壬ȷ־ԵĴڣԵĹȻ̲
Ϊ׽巢־Ժ󣬹ɽˣҲӦ˾ԡ
ԣ
ԣôûͳȥߣǧҪʱΧ˵
ԣ켤ͱ뿪죡ɽҲߴ١
ɽ˵ȻҲҲȥֻǣǲΪ˾ܾǡԵʵܲʱﾳ塣˵ܿ죬иĽﾳ嵽ҲֻһǾ
ͬʱΪ׽ѾĻ޴Ľɫצӣž˹ľצ͵Ļڽ֮ϡ֮Ľ⣬΢΢һ𣬶ࡣµܣϣɳ
סΣҡһ¾޴Դ
Ȼǿʵɫ˫ĶԶ˵ľԣ¶Щļɵ
ʶܸвҲ֪һλھԵС
һ֮ǰǸ廹ǿһЩѹٿʱ΢С
һҪĿ̽һ£Բδȫ


1937 ɹ
Ϊ׵Ľﾳ壬ʵǰնɱĽǿҲǿһ㡣
֮ǰնɱǽﾳʱֻﾳڵΪʱѾ̤ﾳڣսࡣңǽﾳ󣬾Եǿɡ
ۺ˵ԴʱʵѾȸս層ݵʱǿ˿ɲһ㡣
ڵʵԵﾳ岫ɱǾնɱԷӦòҪ̫Թ㣬Ҳһյ赽һʱ
ڵǣﾳ壬һʱʱգⶼþԼɵûаյ£ҲҽʱķΧŪãԼȥ
Եĳ֣ùɽɶˡĹںܶʱھʧˣƶǼΪǾԳ֣ɽҲֲ˶ʱˡ
Ϊ׵Ľﾳ壬޴۾žԡ
ʱҪ̶ȣԶɽˡԲʵǿƥɱһ塣ԣ˵ҪɱԡԱֳʵҲЩɵһȻû̫ƣʶԵʵҪǹɽλҪǿһЩ
оԣԪ˧ҪˡΪ׽Լͬ˵
ܽƻ֪ʱܷʱգʱķΧʵǿҪɱûʱķͺѡңʣ˼ɱɽǡΪ׽˵
׼ﾳ壬һԸԡʱֹӴܡ
ﾳ壬̷ɽˣΪ׽һžԽӽ
λҲ
ûԶȥΪ̫죬ӵ̫ԶôΪ׽ܻܿ׷ɱԼԸɽǡ
ҪΪ׽һִΪܹԼҲʱΧڡ
Ϊ׵Ľ壬϶ɽˡΣὫʱ̫ԶĵطɽǴ߶ͱĻᡣ
ʱʱյķΧȻܴ󣬵ЧõĵطԽʱĵطʱԽԶôʱЧԽ
ʱΪ׽ԶһЩطʱ򣬹ɽԾ͸оԼķٶȸһЩȻǲܰѷȴ֮ǰɵöࡣ
λ˵ĻһҪԴɽˡ
һᣬһᾡȫǸٿʱҹ֮£ٿʱ϶ܵӰ졣ǸӦռʧ̼ͱ
ע⣬ǧҪκγɣûа϶ʱж೤ԣֻҪлᣬǧκӡԴˣء
ԣ뿪ˣô죿аҲͳȥ𣿡̴ʵ
û£һСģʱ֮ڵġԻӦ˵
Ϊ׽壬Ѿӽһ̶ȡʱܣԵܸоõˡ
ڣϢ΢΢һ
УԽ߶ޡ
ΪĵУΪ׽ϯȥڵУڶʱɱͨﾳˡԽ壬Ȼ޷ֱɱҪܵӰ죬Ժܴ
Ϊ׽ͻȻһҲһ̣ٿŵʱҲ֮⡣ԭַΧķڼ̵ʱڣȫʧˡ
ٿʱҪơֱӹ壬ڶʱʧȥ˶ʱƿء
ߣڴ߶֮󣬼ͬʱʹɽˡ
ɽ˶ﾳ۷飬߹ĺĳԱǶﾳ۷ǿߡǵķӦǼġû˿ԥͳɣ̼ͱ
ǵܣռŤӰʧڿռ֮ڡ
ɹˣ
ɽˣþԹΪ׽Ļᣬɹ˳ȥ
ԣҲ΢΢һ
С̣˻
С֪Ե˼žԵѸݵеʱǹȥʱдΪ׽С̽߾ȫĿ֮£Ժ嫵ɲ֮䣬ʱڽøɸɾ
ͬʱԵȫ͸ʱ
ڸոյִʱ򣬾ͳ͸ʱʱ͸ȥ˿̣Գɹˡ


1938 ʱ
ԵΪ˵ʮðա
Ϊڿʼ֮ǰԲȷԼпΪ׽ʧȥʱƿءңʧȥ˶ʱƿأҲ޷֤Լܹʱȡ֮
ʱҲҪðա
ðգɳɹˡԺС̺ʱڵĽдԵʱ˲Ϣ֮䣬ʹԼϤʱ˽βٿء
𣡡
ھԲٿʱʱһɫľצĻ˾ԵϡԵ壬ӿкݺݵײ档
飡ԵӰֱӷޱȼ̵ĵ棬ŵײʮ
֪ԼƿʱʱһѾӽԼһΧܹԼûа취ȫȹΪ׽ʱϡ
Ըûа취ֳʲôʩչطֶεֵǸĹΨһģǼ缶ʹ߶еķѡӲһ
ɫצݺݵĽ˵
ۣ¼ʮ³Ѫȫʹϯ·嶼ɢһ㡣
ǣԻЦ˳ƲᣬȴҲûӰ쵽ɱĳ̶ȡ
ļƻɹˣƿʱʱȻϣԵѾӡҲ˵ʱڳ˾Եı
˿͵ĳ˳˫Ŀ֮оŲԶɫӰ
ڹɽѳȥԭɱɽ˵壬ҲΧ˾ߡ

Ļ飬ɶϣӵ㡭Ϊ׽ŭɶԵйʹж壬һ𻵣ȻʧȥǷǳŭ
𣡡
ɱ飡
ɱʬ壬Ԫ˧ˣ壬׷˻ž
ǺǣɱңûôףЦ۾Ҳз
Ϊӵõ𣿡
ѾʱΧ֮ڡߣдͱҲ޷ɹͳݡԣˣΪ׽˵ʱ򣬵Цһ
𣿡
ҵҪʱΡԼЦ˵
ȥΪ׽岻ٷϻͼٿʱ
ţ
ô£
ʱռ䣡ң⣡Ϊ׽峢ϵʱȴģûκηӦ˻𣬾޴ϰڶ
ǣеʱûκζ
ɵ˰ɣ
ǵʱƺ˰ԴЦðգΪ
ǵʱʱѾѱˣԼ˵
ܣǲܵģΪ׽Щɵˡ
壬Ҳ˴תźɫ۾Ϊ׽塣
ֵˣ
ʱɣֱһӡ
ˣʱϣһɵεĺѲܣ
壬ȫڡ
Դӵ³֮ǰѾϤʱӵ·ɳ彻̸ʱͬʱҲڼʱʱȻȽϸӣԵǿᣬСڸܹʩչ깥
ʱȻþȫʱҲܹʹʱռġ
ôܣ

ʱȻˣ嶼ˡ
層֮⡣
Źɽ˴ͳڶƿǣӽˡڹɽ˳֮ǰͳġǣҲں̵ܶʱ֮Ⱥ䡣
ɽ˳ԨҲ΢΢ɳһɽѩ׹ɫĺĳԱǷǳӽƿߵ顣ԨۣȻҲĹɽ層֮ڡ
ĿǰΪֹ層ݵʮˣһѾˡʮ֣˺ɫµľŸУ߸ӱݴ˳Ȼڱ֮ڡǾԺˮ񹬵Ľ׶
׶֮ǰûɽ˻ϣڱڵĳûдͳݣţ׶Ȼǰɫġ
ˣɽԳԨۼ
ţô壬ʹʱԨѯʹɽ
ȷʵʱǷռ䣬ǵĴͱﶼЧڳ֮ǰǱʱ֣ﾳΧһģںܶʱھɽص˵


1939 
ƿǣɫһ
Ȼ֮ǰѾµڵӦʹʱɽ˵ȷϣ˶𶯡
ڳƿߣȷʵûϵڵ׶ʱʵ˸Ͳȷʱⶫ層ܶҪ١
߹ƿߣʱ鶼ܳơ
һжǶʧء߹ʮУֻûǲĳԱ層ݡʮһʮĳԱ層ݡĿǰΪֹ層ڵĺĳԱѾﵽ
Щﾳ飬ǶбȽϴϣܹ̤ƿ߲εİʧһˡ߹ڣҲûһﾳ顣
ɽ˵Ǳʱռ䣬ӦôͱﶼʧЧˣôɹģԨϢʵ
˾ԣ
ҪǾԣˣҲȻ層֮ڡɱȺˣҲʱԹǲٿʱĽ壬ץס˻ᣬŽҼͱ뿪層ݡɽ˵
ԾǣԨһ
ԣǾԣ˿϶ɽٴεͷ
ԾǣʱﾳΧңЩﾳ廹ʱԨ΢΢һ
ԾԵںҪȶԼȵĺĳԱɽҪöࡣɽԲԣǹռػߵݡ
ɽĻŮ洵Ⱥ칬ƿҲһӽ
Ů洵Ҳѯ˵ɽࡣ
֮ǰ˽ѾȷԵս׺Ҫڽ뱤ݵĵһݴﾳ֮ϡǣǿҲǲܵеùﾳΧңЩ廹ʱ
Ը޷ͱ
Ů洵ǣŹĻǽϾԵ֣ԵǧҪɺɫ
ƿߣϲãǰͲþ層֮ڡɱ֮ӵ層ְ׿ˣֵһﾳ֮䣬׿ڱˣ档
뾰ԵìܣѾ޷ĵز
ʱִƿߣѾλ֮ǰֻ׿ͳ֮㴼̴ѶܲܿλԶƿߡ
⣬ƿߣ൹ǲϣ뾰ûìܡȻĳԱҲǻ顣߹ƿ˵ǻϣһʵǿġ
޾磬߹Ҫɱ
層ڣ
Բٿʱռ䡣
ʱķЧ䵽ﾳϡ
˵ʱЧӰ죬ҪȶԻӰ
ԭҲܼ򵥡
ʱշ֮£ķٶȼͱʧЧǻսȴ̫Ľ͡ĸֶֹΣܵʱӰ죬ȫ
ǣĹʽҪҪӽȻɱٶܵƺǵս̶ȣͿ֪ˡ
ʱ£ﾳ壬ֱǹ١žԳȥķѺܶʱ䣬ò׽ӽ˾ԣɾһٴ롣
ԵĹȴûܵκεӰ졣
Բϵʩչ֮䣬ȫ֣ĹҪΪ׽ﾳϡ
ﾳȻ׺ʱֻܱȻŭȴԾ޿κΡ޷ҪҲһ
һյʱ
Ϊ׵Ľﾳ壬ͷһʵŭ𣬱ĥˡ
û
ﾳ壬Ҳÿһ뵳΢΢Щʧ
𣡡
Ļ飡
ɶʱȻʱԸǣɵļһб㲻Ҫʹʱµﾳ壬˻š
ԣͲǡΪ׽ﾳɱ󣬾ֽһﾳϡЩ̫ǿҲҪһɱЧʡÿһﾳ嶼һΣãһҲɱ
յʱ䣬ɱڶﾳ壬Կʼﾳ塣
ʱ£ЩǿޱȵĽ壬ǻӣǶԾԼûʲôвֻܱܹ


1940 ̽ϳ
ƿߣһٴʧ
ʲô
Ƕˡ
ڹɽ˴ͳ層ݺʱʱԵֲûڹĻǽϱɺɫ෴ģĻ֣Ȼ֮ࡣ
ӹɽ˿Уƿ֪ԴʱӦﾳΧɱǽƿߣﾳΧɱ֮£ߡɱĿ϶ǽƿߡ
ﾳﱬƿ߿һʱ䡣ﾳ֣ƿ߿϶ǵסġ
ԣƺʱʱɱﾳ塣壬Ӧľɱ¾֡Եɱ¾֣Ѿһǧ߰ٶ
ƿ޷浽ʲôǲ֪ԵʲôֶΣһԨۣҲȫͷԡ
ʱľԣɱﾳһת
Զһɫ⡣
壡
ң٣Լ߰˸֮ࡣ
ˣ
ⱤڣĽﾳѾ԰ת
жϣЩԮִԲ⡣
ԮǾгʮﾳ壡
ˣߣҡҡͷ
ȻҲ뽫еĽﾳ嶼ɱʮϵĽ壬ʱǵٶȣҲˡˣЩͿԺΧԼԼɱһ壬Ҫյʱ䣬һԼΧסôٿʱܵӰ졣
ʱԼͻǳΣաʮ壬һ˶ԼһΣԼҲԿס
ߣӰһ
ȻˣǾͲˮԴʱӰתۼʧЩ֮ڡ
Ҵ壬һظĸоԮҲ
ô£Ǹ飬ǾԣǡʱأոյִĽ壬һתĿʵ
ǾǾԣʱԶˣнҲɱˣһش˵
˵нǲٿʱǸﾳ塣
ʲô
ʱߣɶôܣģǡҪԪ˧˽ǽһͺ׺ĺȵ

֮˸طĵ
ʱȺԷǳҪһãǿ϶ưոݡֻԪ˧ҲпܻԳˡתš
ţԪ˧뿪ϳ涴¾ںĵطֱϳڡһýӽȥȷ涴Ľڵ㡣۾Զˡ
ಣź롣
ӽ뱤ݺ󣬵ִΧԾû̫롣򣬼ΣգǰյϢҲȽ١ðȻ룬ܻܿ档ڣаնˡʮ壬Ӧûûüصԣᣬһʱ
Ԫ˧뿪ϳΧ׷ɱԣǾԴʱȥ層ϳ̽鳬涴Ľڵ㣬ͻӰȫȻԪ˧Ҳܲ뿪ϳϾ涴ΪҪ
ԶҪһ
ʱѾã層ڵ壬Ӧò̫ܻеڶʱˡֻҪԼСһ㣬Σգʹ߷ͱ뿪ǡ
ʮﾳ壬ѰҾټûҵԣҵĽ׶׶ǽ뱤ݵʮг֮⣬Ψһڱڵġ鲻ʱʶо޴Σգ
Ǳʮ巢ˡ׶ǵڶݴεﾳ飬ʮﾳԼʱûκα뷨ˣ̼ͱ層ݡ
ڽ׶Ҳ뿪󣬱ڣֻʣ¾һˡ
Բϵһ·Ĵؾͨﾳ壬ֱʩչ籩ɱ֮ذ裬ʬ塣
ʲôλأ
ⳬ涴ٹһҾܽɹˣǻʱ䲻ࡣѰ˲ٵطΪֹȻûֳܹ涴ľλá
ûзֳ涴Է層ݵϳطһ
ҲûðȻϳ
棬ܿһƿ߲εԪ˧ԻһЩʱ䣬ϳתһȦҲûҵ涴
Ҳ˵涴ϳڵļʳųˡ


1941 Ԫ˧
層ϳ
ϳ޽ĸӴΰͬĽһ㶼ƯȻҲһЩħͷһϲªصĽ˵Ľɻֺ롣
層ϳĽͺܡȥͷ·һ޴ĳѡ
ʱ層ڵԪ˧µϢգŤɫľ޴۾ڣȼһеŭ
ǰǳʮﾳЩھɱжʱѰҾټȻʧˣֻûصԪ˧ǰԪ˧֪ʱߣǵŭȫˡ
ʱǼҪġ
ȫϵƸָı޾ĲϣǲϴƥıҲ޾ȻֱȴǲһǶֱɻʣҪ˵ǻеĸֱˡǻñһֱͨɵʵЩҲ޷á
ֻʹüⱦ層ݡʱȻʹõļͬѰܲκЧ˵޾ҲҲ層ݡʱȡ
֮ܶ層ݡʱȺޱҪģϡ١ıҲǴӻ֮ġ
ڣһʱУԪ˧ôܲŭ
ʱһĿ뽫뱤ݵĻȫɵҲҪɱ󲿷֡ȴû뵽ʱˡ
ʱԪ˧ҲʶԼƺ͹ǸоԵĻ顣ȷʵ޷Ǹζʱġǻмǿʢƿߣǵпܴӽﾳжʱɱ˵ƿߣͨƿҲ޷層ݡ
ʮﾳ壬ɪɪž޴ͷ­ҷκ

һȺͨͨǴǡ̫ʧˣԪ˧š
Ϊ涴±ȱ֤뽫ǰЩͨͨŪ
̫ʧˡ
ڵȻ̫ǿǽ뱤ݵĻʮﾳĶѡʮﾳ飬Ȼ層ɿµƻʱߡ

ţ
ʱԪ˧ͻȻɫ΢΢һɫ۾Ŀ⿴Զˡ
ɵϣôĵӣԪ˧Ӧ˻Ϣ
Ѿ֪ʱڱڵĻֻһǸԣҲǶʱˡʱϳڣӦ˻ϢҲ˵оԵļһΪҲǱݵϳ
ಣԪ˧Ӵ΢΢һܿռŤʧ֮ڡ
Գˡ
Ϊ˽涴Ԫ˧Ȼ뱤ݵĻ鼤ԿƵŭ⣬ʼղ뿪ϳΪȺ˵涴ݻܵΪҪ飬ûκȡ
ڣǸȻϳȻҪˡ
ȷʵ뱤ϳ
ϳΧϸ̽飬һֱûֳܷ涴λáѣֻðսϳ򡣶Ըոһ룬ͱԪ˧Ӧ
Ի֮У߾̿Ȼ͸оһɿµϢԼ
ţͷһƬŤռٽӽ
ã
ǡⲻǽﾳϢѵǡƿߣһȫ
ûκԥ
УʱԻֻǿռŤûпԪ˧ӰͷС
Ԫ˧ƿ߼ǿߣսѰƿ߿µöࡣƿߣսȽϽӽԨǸΡǿߣ˿Ĵ⣿
һͿֱӵԼ
ܴƬŤռûȥ󣬾޴Ľɫӳ뾰Ե
ɫӴ棬кɫƶ
ȻȻǽﾳ塣ӦãƿߣһԪ˧˿ĶӴ
ǾԵһμƿ߼ǿߣǶԷͷųϢþȫֻԵʱ򣬲ʶǸǿжôĿֲ
ף˵ԼոմﵽﾳڣԼﵽﾳ۷壬ܵסǿߡ˵Լ̤ﾳδܹǿߡ
Ļ飬콻ʱԪ˧ԵгܵһӰ죬Ӱ˵ʲô


1942 λ
ಣ
ûԪ˧ֱתʩչմҪܡƿ߼֪ûκʤ㣬Ȼɵƿ߼ƴɱ
ܣ
΢Ļ쵰ҲͰˣɽϳ㻹뿪𣿡Ԫ˧һͺ
ֻľצڿռڿһġһƣĻĵط֡Щƣ˲Ϣ֮㴫ݵλá
ʩչմٿ㷢Լ뿪ֱק˻ȥռڣһǿƻʩչմ
԰һ߶ȫȫٶӴܡ
մ޷ɹʩչֻԼˡ
ֻǣԪ˧ٶȻȲʩչմľԿöࡣӴӰ΢΢Ť뾰Եľ롣
ʱԪ˧Ӿ
ܸоǿĳϯ
ʱæٿʱ
ʱռ䣬Ӱ񼫴ɱֻҪһΧΣԾͺܵ͡
ʱķܣܿ͸סԪ˧
Ԫ˧ʵǿᣬˣȻ޷ʱķЧ
ʱԪ˧ĿѣⱾıȴԸԪ˧ܵʱӰ죬Ԫ˧ٶȽͺܶ࣬ҲþԵԴϢ
涴ǰܣԪ˧ں׷
ʱżһУ󽵵Ԫ˧׷ٶȣҲȡ˲̵ʱ䡣
ûʱ䣬ԾͿϳӴĳª
ಣ
Ҳʱʮɫ֡
ʮﾳ壬Ҳ˳Ҫ½ؾԡ
ˣ
ӦԪ˧Ҿͺֶܳʮﾳ壬һ½סԪ˧ֻҪӽһΧҽһιҿ¶ס㲻Ҳˡ

ʵڲУֻ뿪層ˡѰ˼š
ô뿪ԻЩĵġð層ϳΪҵ涴λáô뿪϶Щ⡣ҲҲֻȱס
Ըı䷽򣬽߾ȫıܿӭʮﾳ塣
ס
һȺסԪ˧ʮﾳ
ʮﾳ壬ҲֻܾǵǽʱķΧ󣬷ٶ֮ҲܵӰ죬Ƕ½ؾԵЧʽ˺ܶࡣ
ʱǺã
ǺǣҪǵõⶫҸ뵽뵽һԪ˧Ҳ̴ͳȥȻɡ̲סֺǺǵš
ף
ǡԵһֱ̿ġ
ʱиӦһЩѰλãǺԶ۶ֻܿǣ۾ӣƬռȴûзʲôĶֻ΢ӦЩ쳣
Ҹоˣ
ԣ϶̫ҿЩ׷ɱҵԽǷ϶ʲôѰ˼š
еı׽ݺݵĻһ⡣⾶ֱӦĵط
ۣŽʧǸطȻ֮˱仯
ľԴδ·֣Щ·޾ЩơűʵĲܴͬ̾ʹྶͥ
⡭
涴Ӧˣ
Ԫ˧ʮԹλúһӷˡǣѾγ˺ΧȦӣȦӵмλá
ˣһЦ
óͱټӰŤһ̾ѾʧЩ֮С
𣡡Ԫ˧һŭ
層֮⡣
칬λ۾һֱŹĻǽϾԵ֡Ǻ칬ƿߣ߹ƿǣҲŹĻǽڡ
ڣ層ݵʮ飬ֻоһ層֮ڡң̲סţ層ֶܼ֮áôﾳ׷ɱܻܲⱤڣܻƿ߼ƿ߻᲻ԶԾԳ֡
ˣͻȻ䡣
Ļǽϣڵһλľ֣˱仯Ե֣ûб˺ɫ仯ֺĻ֡
ԭѾﵽһǧ˰ٶɱ¾Ļ֣ʱͻȻ˸һ¡
ƿǣɴ۾Եɱ¾ֱֳ仯ǲ⡣ھԲ層ݺĹУһ·Ҳɱٸεɱ¾һֱڳࡣ
ôұ¶ɫǣԵɱ¾֣Ӱλ˾λ


1943 ָ
層֮ڣʲôɱ¾ֱ֣ӴӰλɾλ
ܶڳƿ߸ոע⵽ֱ仯ʱ򣬻ΪԼǿˣϸһȷԵɱ¾ȷʵһһڶ֡ȷе˵һǧ֡
ǰԵɱ¾һǧ˰ٶ򣬶ʱԵɱ¾һǧǻǳʯǾǳǧ
ƿ߼ǿߣҶûǧǳʯǻЩȽǳƿߣǻȡԴٶȸȻΪƿ߼ǿߣҪ׬ȡǧǳʯҲǷǳѵġ
Ƕ߹еƿ߶ԣ˶ǳʯҲǴˡں칬λΪԵĳǿ츳͸һǧ칬֡Ů洵ÿ˶ֻ;칬Ҳһǳʯѡ
ǧǳʯ㹻ܶˡһСɵԼԴ㹻Խﾳ۷ˡ
̤ﾳ۷ΣôսǻȺܶƿ߻ҪǿĿǰԻﾳڲΣսƿ߲ǿƥˡ
Եɱ¾֡
˲Ϣ֮䣬һǧ򣿡
⡭ɱ¾ôôࣿɱƿ߼Ԫ˧Ҳܻ˶ɱ¾֡ɱһԪ˧ӦǿԻǧɱ¾ְɣ
ƿڶݵĳź󣬱
ৣ
ҲУԵӰˣ層ݴͳˡ
ԳڳˣĿ㶼۽˾Եϡ
ԿôƿߣɫҲ΢΢һͬʱҲɳһ֪ԼѾ뿪層ˡ
˵ʵԪ˧ڵ˵̫ΣˡҿõʱͲȡôʱ̽層ݵϳ
;ֶ˵ҲܶԪ˧һӰ죬յʮԪ˧޷γκε谭
ԣŮ洵ԣϲ˵
ȻԵ֣ڹĻǽһֱǰɫ層ڣŮ洵̲סĵġڣô߹ĺĳԱȺڱڵ¡ԳŮ洵ɳһ
ŮҲЦŶŮ洵
ԣ˲ãԨҲǰЦһԾ˵
ܲƿߣ뾰Դһк
Ԩۣλǰãǫ
層֮⣬ʱۼƿߣ඼ʮ֮ࡣ
޾磬ƿ߲Ŷ٣Ȼ˵ǳӴҲвɢ޵ƿռǿߣʵʵǿģгһ붼߹֮С
߹ĵ̫ˣЩɢ޳죬ͺѵõ߹Ե
ɽҲһ϶ԾԱʾлǾ԰æʱѾ層֮ڡɽ⣬һĺĳԱҲϿҶԾԵл飬ɽһĵˣټϱǿȻǵݴ鵫Ҳֵ
ԣ
ʱһԵü
׿ĶžԣľϣǷŭ飬Ŀзɱ⡣
ţҲ׿Ц
ԣڱ֮ڣ㰵ô˵׿ʵ
層֮ڣûǡȻвƿ߶ԾԴкҲйɽ˶ԾԵľ֮ʾл׿ͲЩڱڣΪԣŲ
ͳݣ֮󣬾͵˵¡ʱԨ۵˶˵ȾԳ˵¡ʱѾӱڴͳʱ˽һˡ
㣿ۡ
׿ɲҪſڴƻơ層ڣ㽫ң뺦ҵġЦ˵һûˣ㵹ˣ
ԣֱǺҷģڱڣûаңһ깥ʽҵ壬һֶҵٶȡһУҷԼû𣿡׿˵
ڶƿߣžԣ칬Ů洵ԼԨۡ
Գ
ȷʵܷģ˵Լû׿ָ顣
׿͵Ƕ׿˵һ䣬ֿڳ֮ƿߵλǰ׿ڱڣΧžλýӽʲôҺ׿Ҫҷ˵ûҲᷢģҳϣȷʵ׿һֶΡǣ׿׿ҷĲ뺦𣿡


1944 
׿ƤӾһ
Ȼҷ˵ԼԾûκζ⡣ڻУԵԼǺֲܿġʵԽǿԵԼԽ
ԣǣˡΣȴʱʱ̿޲ڣӰÿһ顣ռǿߣҲˡ
層֮ڣ׿ӽԣ뺦ԡ
ԣ㻹Ʊ磿㣬ᰲȻһһ˶ǰͣȴӱݳڣ㻹Ҫ㣿׿ɫ
ҷģҲӲԼкԵ˼
ǴܰȻΪҵʵǿڱΪʵңҲûп⹥㣬ﾳ彻֣һԲ뿪ҵĹܹңЦһ
⣬ڶƿ߶ڸ˶ʡ߹ƿʵ̫ϵ׿ìܣ׿層֮ڣҲ꼸ѡҲ֪ͺ칬ĸ߲ôᴦ¡
ϵռ⡣
϶ưոݣ칬ҲԲþԱڲ
ͺѽˡ
˭Э˭ͻ
層ڣӺ֮ӡ칬Ǳһ˵㴼˵
˵ǵ֮Ȱ㾰ԣѵԻܷѵԾ͸ʵʵı֮ӿӺŮ洵˵
칬ǲܽԽǴˡĸĿоһ˵
ǺǣǺ칬ĵӣȻܱáƤ˵
֣
ʱɱŷ֮һȡ
ĸ㴼ͻȻ֮߶µӶֱۣžԺݺĻȥ
ֲĹâ˸ڻмЩԵļµܡ㴼ΪĸȻͨƿߡʵЩƿǿöࡣ
ͻȻ֣Ծɱ֣һ־ǽȫԣһлɱԣ˵Ҫɱԡ֮Щƿ֮ǰѾҪɱԡ
㴼ԾͻȻ֣ǳκ˶û뵽ġ칬λͬû뵽ƿ߻ͻȻ֣ǵ͹ҪԵľġ
ӹƤڼ̵󣬱һҪ㴼
Ƥûм֣֪ڵʵǷнˣһλƤֵͬʱȥסƤ㴼Ĺ
Ů洵칬ĻҲƤͬʱ׷׹ǣ׼ֱס˺칬ߵŮ洵ˡ
ӣԨһŭȣ۾Բ鼫ŭֱȡһǿͼնɱ㴼
ԨۣʵȻǿǡҲǳصģ޸Цһס˳Ԩ۶㴼Ĺ
ƿһˣڵοͿȷ׼ˡ
λס칬λ޸סԨۣ˶֪Ԩ۶ԾԵ̬رԨۻἫԣʵڳԨδֵʱ޸Ѿ׼Ԩۡ
޸ʵܱȳԨ۲һЩǵסԨƬȫģϾĸ
վھߵƿߣѾƿ㴼ԾԵĹû˸ˡ
㴼ЦĿɱ⣬Ҫģʱڻɱԡ
ƿߺܶ࣬ԸΪԳֵģҲͳԨۺͺ칬ĻƿߣҲΪڱھĳԱԾһЩмģǾԸΪԳ֣ضҲῼ˼һ£϶Ԩۺͺ칬ĵôɡ
㴼ҪģǺ̵ܶʱ䡣ֻҪڼ̵ʱɱԣһб㶼ˡ
ɫأ㴼Ĺ
㴼ƥ򣬾ƾ㣬ҲɱңȫȻ
׽͵նһ
Сӣֵƾ㣬Ҳ뵲ҵĹ㴼Ц
㴼ӣ˾ԣҳԨⱲӾʲô鶼ɣר׷ɱ㣡Ԩ۱޵󣬵ʵ޸߳һأԻܷ˵
Ԩ۵Ļ㴼΢΢һ£Ԩ۵вӵġԨԺľר׷ɱ¾ֻܲܲܳˡ


1945 ס
޾УܹӳԨ׷ɱˣҲҲ
㴼ƿ̶Ҫɱԣ㴼ǲΪԨ۵вͣ֡ڶ֮ǰ֪ԨۻֹҲһɱԣԨ۱ضŭҲܵѩ׹жԡ
ȷʵ׵ԨۣΪɱԣԨҲϧ
ռ֮һҲ˳Ԩۡ
㴼ֻ΢ͣ٣ٶȫֹԡ
Ԩ۾죬Ҳ޷һӾͻ޵Ķ½ء
칬λͬŭɶŭ𣬴޳ܡŮ洵ʱŮ洵ŭ˼㣬ָֻ㣬ÿһָ۶Я߿µܡ
һ̣Ů洵ʵҲȫչ˳
Ů洵ˣ̸̣ҲǻгѾõǿߣͼ칬ϵͬһʱڵʵҲǼǿŮ洵ֲĹУ̸ȴǽڽڰˣ͵ֵס
Ů洵չֳʵڳ˵Ԥϡ
ͬΪ칬֪Ů洵ʵȻǿᵽ˳̶ȡŮ洵Ǻ칬½̤ƿ߲ʱҲɴʱչֳʵȫ̸֮ϡ
̸ҲǼ𾪣ʩչȫֶΣֵסŮ洵ĹһָоԼŮ洵УǼֲ̫õʱ䡣ԼãŮ洵ʵ㲻ԨۣҲܴ
ֻǣŮ洵Ȼչֲֳ׵ʵҪȾԣҲԵȷʵ̸ܻҪʱ䡣
䣡㴼ԣҲȫַ
˵ֶײ飬µܲŰ
㴼Ц
һΣ㻹ߣԨۣҲȲ㡣㴼Ц
ԼһɱˡֻҪһͺðˡ칬սҲںĵռǿ߿ʱǺ칬ĺ棬ȴ޷
ˣҲ֪뿪칬ܾãһֱûлԣͲ칬սͬʱҲΪֻҪˣ칬ضսǶԺ칬ֻлûкôˣź칬Щ˾ͻ侲˼ΪһˣƴǷֵá
ţ㴼ĵ⣬ֻͣգʱ䡣
ι֮£ԱɳȥǣĿȥԿԾȻС˵նɱƺƶǺء
ôܣ㴼˵
ԼĹģʵЩͨɢƿǿ̫ˡ㾰ֵܵͨƿߵĹҲ޷ס㴼Ĺʵȴǣֵһȫֻ˶ѡ
һĻ㴼о޷ġ
𶯵Ĳ㴼層֮ˣ۾ԲЩ߹ƿߣʵҲΪҪ㴼ɱˣЩж̾ϢһԾԱɱЩϧǿԾȻס㴼Ĺ󣬵ȻἫ𾪡
һﾳ飬Ȼֵܵס㴼ƿ߹ʵǣ޷
ɽȵһݴεﾳ飬Եס㴼ƿ߹һ˵Ҳһɱ㱣ǿĵһݴﾳ飬ǿҲĽ
ԡ
ԣʵ׶ǿ
ϢֻﾳڲΪɣ
̫ǿˣǰһһֱ벻ͨԵôڱЩġڣһжˣʵȷʵǿսȹɽ׿ǻҪǿһΡͨƿߣδǾԶְһƿ߾̾˵
層飬ЩƿߣȻ뱤ݵﾳ˵һЩҲܴɱ¾ϲ²⵽һЩǣǱϾûۿԵս󡣴ʱǿԵס㴼Ĺ֪Եʵжôǿᡣ
㴼ƥɱңԶգŭȵ
ųֵֵ㴼Խ깥ֶ֮ζˡ֮߶֮Ҳȷʵ㴼һӰ졣Ȼ㴼ԼûоӰ컹治Сû֮ǾԵֵιԲôɡܵסҲȻҪصöࡣ
֮ȷʵǾΪҪֶΣû֮һ
СҵҪܵסҼι㴼һٶž˹ȥ
Уһ
һΣԶ㴼ʩչ깥С


1946 ռ
ܼǿ׿ﾳй¶ܼӰ졣㴼Ȳƿ߶ԣǲֱ̫ġ
Ҳûָܶ㴼ɶ˺ҪģֻһӰ㵽ƿߡ
ʵҲˣ
Ȼûж㴼ֱˣȴҲӰ쵽תʱ̣ܶץסʱ䡣
֮
̺κɵƣܵιиں˻֮Ļ֮Х㴼Ϯɱȥ
һξ㴼
㴼ɫ䣬æֵ
ԵֶΣȷʵһ˿⡣ΪԾϣȴû뵽ǿù֣ȫԸѶʱɱ
㴼ȫֵǱʮס벻Զȷʵˡ
ƿ߿Ǻ顣ԣȻܹ㴼ȻֻʮףҲ֤㴼ǰǺ޻֮
̫ǿˣԣ̫ˣ治֪ôģ
ԣһٶ갡
ȫ֮ˣĿⶼĿžԡ
Ů洵һȡ
Ĺ֮£̵Ӱɳһξ룬ȷʵסŮ洵
Ů洵̺ٶȳֹ㴼
Ů洵Ⱥ칬ԼԨۣԵס㴼˵ϲҲΪԻᱻ㴼ɱû뵽ܵס㴼һʱ䡣Ů洵Ѿ̣Ȼκε飬ֱӾǿֶι㴼
㴼ȶ壬˿ҪٹԣӭµָϮɱɫٱ䣬˲þԣòȫֵ⼸ָۡ

ǣȺҲɱԣԨ۳ЦЦδ֮ǰ޸ˣ˾ԵǰԶ
ԣû°ɣԨžԡ
û£㴼ƥɱңûôסЦЦ˵
û¾ͺãԣ֣Ҫ޾쳹ˡﾳΪ㴼ʷˡԨ۸˵
ﾳڣֵܵ㴼ƿƬ̡ôһҲ̤ƿ߲Σսǿ£ֱӾԨһƿˡ
칬ĵѣĵѣ
ʱ˿˵
層ݣǽ涴Ҫǻ飬ʱӦŽһģͬ塣ʱڧɱһ峬涴ãʲôֵԴԴϵĴһƿε˵
ɣȻҪ͵ϮԡǺǣΪԼŲܹɹɽȴʧˡƤЦһ˵
λ֣ͣһ̸һ̸һƿü˵
вδ֮ǰ칬ɱȻǺ¡
ԣһͣɣ£ȷʵ̫ˡ㴼ݣȻ͵Ϯһﾳ飬ʧݡһɫȹŮƿ˵
ƿߣȰ˵
ûвǿܺϣͺ칬սǣв޷Ϣ
Ԩۣ˵仰ͣ֡ɱȥֻлɳˡ˿Ԩ˵
ڳУԨʵǿһ
Ԩķǳָɵ㴼ˡǣʱƿڳҪɱԷκһˣѶȶܴ󡣲ңĵҲʱ
ס֣
Ԩδ˵һ
һƺһֶصĴ͸ֱڳÿһ˵
ԨۣҲɫһ䡣
ռǿߣ
ռǿߣֻһ仰ֲ̺ܡ
Ů洵ȵڽֵƿߣͣ漴ڳ˵Ŀ⣬ͬһ
һӰֳ
һɫӰһѾ֮ǰֱʱҲſ˵ò
κˣ
κˣһ֮
Ԩۣ΢΢
ˣֽκ飬޾һλռǿߡ߹κһڻǱȽϻԾġˣЩƿ߶ʶκ顣
ԿЩƿߵ̬ͲµӦþռǿߣ̤ռվ޾˵һλ´ڡ
ʲô
ǰһݣǾȻ໥ɱκĿһתɨ
ȻÿһǺ칬ƿߣܵѹ


1947 涴ڵ
޾УռǿھʵҲƿߣһĳƺƺżƿߡ
ƺƿͨƿߣϲġ
ǿԨۣҲֻͨƿ߲ΡԨƿߣڳƺƿǰֻ˵һԱ֮ƺƿҪɱͨƿ߶̫ѵ飬ҪɱԨƿ߾ͺѣ˵¶̫ܳɹɱ
Ȼһ£ǳƺƿߣҲԨƿߣʵﵽԨΣӮóƺƿߵء
ʱͺ칬ƿߣκѵ⣬ұ粵ƺƿ߸˵ѹ̫ˣʵϲǳ칬Ҳֻкһλƺƿߡ칬λƺƿҲнϴĲࡣ
ռҲǲΡ
κѣҵ˵䡣˶ұ粵ɳԨȴҲηκ顣
κ֣ҲܵסٲҲߡ
Ԩ˵ʲôκ鿴ԨۣȽϿ
칬ƿ߶ɱȫҪնɱ칬Աԣ칬ֻѡҲǣҲֹˡԨ۶һ»˵
Ԩԣκ΢΢һ£Ŀ⿴Ļǽڡ
ʱĻǽδʧľԵ˵֣Ȼɼ層֮ڻõɱ¾֡
һתִӹĻǽڿԡ
Ǿԣκžԡ
Լǰæ
ڵʵȽƿǿһЩˣ㴼ƿɱСǣκռǿǰһжס
層ݣһǧɱ¾֡ȻǷ層ڣʲôϢκĿʵ
層֮ڣｨĳ涴һ涴Ѿɾ󲿷֣ڵٶȣǿֻҪһңɽ涴áԿ˵
ռǿѯʣԵȻӡ
οֳ涴λãҪݻٳ涴ҲҪռǿ߳֡ݻٳ涴ȴݻ層ȷʵ׵Ķ࣬Ҳͨƿġռǿ֣߳ҲҪλռǿֲС
ţκ΢΢ݡ
в²⣬Ժܿ層ڵõڳ涴ȷϢ׿˵֪˳涴λã޷ݡ
ݣڳƿߣɫ΢䡣
Ϣ
涴
ｫ涴ãôǾҪ޾ʱ򣬼жλռǿ֣߳ǻҲأ˭Ҳ֪޾жôʧ
һǾͻȳһߵԵԵԽ࣬ǵʵͻԽǿҪѶȾԽ
ҲΪʲôܹһֱռ֮صԭ
ңӽǱȻɼʣ»¶޷ָԪ
ԣ㷢˳涴Ů洵ʧʵ
ţȷʵҵ˳涴λá層֮ڣһϳǳ涴ͨϳڡҽϳ̽鵽˳涴ͨ㡣Եͷ˵
̫ˣԣ˴ͣ˵Ĺ͡
ǰ˳涴Ҫݻپͼ򵥶ˡ涴ݻ٣ӾͲֱӴ͹ˡ
Ϊ˽涴֪׼˶ãķ˶پһγ涴ݻ٣ôһҪ涴Ҫ׼ܾúܾˡ
ڶƿߣ׷˷ܵ˵
߹Щƿߣжɳһ
Ϊｫ涴ãôȴǵľһսʱЩƿ߲ǿ߿¶˺ܶࡣǰٵⳬ涴սȻûˡ
ƿߣҲ˱仯ǶɱԣھĹֻͣ³֮⣬Ͳ֧ˡ
ԣ˵㷢˳涴ɼ½ڵλãռǿκʵ
Ѿ˽ڵ㣬ڵǡԽ涴ڵ㵱˵˳
κĳƺƿȻҲһ޷層ݣ֪˽ڵ꣬Ǿͺ涴ֻͨҪݻκһ㣬ôһ涴Ҳ޷ʹˡ
Ա꣬κЦŵ˵ͷ
ԣĺܺáν層ݣΪһ¡ܲκ˾һ䡣
κˣ⾰層֮ڿӺԱֱӵһ֮һ֮Ҳ˲䡣޸ü˵һ䡣


1948 û
κ޸Ժֿԡ
ԣд£κʵ
ǰ֮ȰңҲòַ˵
ȴ΢΢һƺƿκԼ̬ȣƺЩ⡣Լ層֮ڷֳ涴ڵ㣬Ϊ´͡յ˵κӦöԼΪ׽һЩŶԡ㲻ۣҲӦе⡣
ɾܸоκԼһֿԵ˼
ԣ˵˰㣬ûоˡ֮һһˣȴʵǹͬ層ݣ̽ļƻӦûŽᡢͨȴְͬ飬ǺܲӦõ顣κҡͷ˵
仰˵Ծȷˡ
ǾԣԨ۵ҲʶռǿκƺԾԡ
κѡԨۿڡ
ԨѣûйϵκϳԨ۵Ļ
޵ƿߣͷϲҲκƺԾȻ֪ԭ򣬵һλռǿ߶ԾԲǵȻ⿴ң層ݸֻһλռǿߴڡ
ռǿκҪԾԳ֣ǾԻѣȻܣ
ԣΪĹϵһλ֮層ԣҪһˡһԣµĵ飬ȷβͲ̫ܵصĳͷκԾ˵
ͷһ
ǰȥģ̧üκ顣
ǴǰκȻ˵
ǰ
ϢᣬǷ˼Цʱ򣬾ԺȻףκ϶ʲôϵĵϵͬһ㡣Ϊͷ
һֱŪԼ
Լκȥﻹлϣκ˵ԼβͲسͷȻдʡһܲѯ龭ֱӾͻɱԼ
ΣԶܸκǰܲ
ǰҪȥǰ֪һֱҪɱңԵɫҲ
ԣҵľòҪκεɡҪȥԹǡǰûκηκӸµ̬Ծ˵
κҪȥˡ
κ飡İɣҪҸȥΣ˿ȵ
κ飬ԾһӡûɱԼ˼ҪԼãҲҪɱԼҪɱԼˣռǿߣҲܼ
ΥңκУһ˿ŷ
ȫ£˵ɱ⣬Ҳڳ
ռǿߣƺƿߣһﾳСǰֱ֣һΥֱǲˡ
Υ㣿κ飬ԼˣҪȥҪѵ㻹ϣһὫԼ˫ַϸ㲻ɣǿЦ㲻ˣȴ˶ңӦĵʲôϵɣԸңֻҲŵʲôôΪ˽Ҫҽûʣ֪ܣֱָκ
Сӣôĵӣ

κֱ̧ۣ嫵ܲ籩žԳȥ
һռǿ֣߳ǵܣڳڶƿߣҲǷ׷ɫ䡣

ƺƿߣô硣ҳԨҪκƺƿʵжǿԨۿЦһӰչǽסκԾԷĹ
κԾԹ㴼ԾԹͬ
㴼ԣǺͻȻ͵ϮƿϡκԾԹڹ֮ǰ˵һЩԨ׼κݣҲ̫ܻ͵ϮԣΪ˵̫ˡ
ɫ΢΢ף
ȻκγֱԨԻǸӦκ鹥̺ĿֲĿԼͺǴ֮ǰϡ
ƺƿߵʵȷʵ̫ˡ
Ԩסκ飬˫໹ǱȽԵģԨֻǰֵ޷Ǳƿߣǿһоͱκ֪ʲôطȥˡ
κ飬ΪƺƿߣڻպգȴҺ칬ĵӳ֡Ϊ칬ŮóѣŮ洵չӰ˸ҲսȦ
Ů洵Ԩ֣һһҵסƺƿκ顣
ߣһСƾҲңκ鿴Ů洵Լһ࣬һҪٻɱشŮ洵


1949 
κȻδŮ洵
ԳԨۣκ㹻ӣҲ֪ԼɱԨѶȺܴ󡣾ɱԨۣҲǶʱġһ칬ĵǰ治ʲô
κҲ˵Ů洵֪Ǵгߣڻʱ䲻츳ܶʱھʹһ̤ƿ߲Ρ
ɼˣΣ
ֹκ飬͵
ƺƿκĻŮ洵ת
Ů洵ϣһɫ⻪뵶
ƤȺ칬ƿߣɫſŮ洵κҪ߾ԣƤ˶Դ˶ܷŭһռǿߣҲûʲô취ǣֵռǿߡ칬ĺ棬ҲϵϣԴ֮ǰ뿪칬Ѷ칬֮ڽڶϵΣûõ
ԿŮ洵ͦҲܸжڸмͬʱͬΪŮ洵ġǿǳƺƿߣŮ洵ܹס
Ů洵ɫ⻪ˮһסκơκӡɫˮӴٶȶʱࡣ
ڳ˶ܸ֪κŮ洵Ĺܣǿٵı
⡭
Ů洵ʵǿ˳̶𣿡
ƺƿߵĹܵס
κ鵽֮ǰŮ洵̸н֣ʱŮ洵չֳʵ֪칬Ů洵ʵǳǿᣬƵƿ֮ϡ
ɴʱŮ洵Ȼܵסռǿκ鹥˻̲סٴζݡ
ɫĵκŮ洵Ĺɢ߰˰ˡдܣ˵ɱŮ洵˵Ů洵ѡ
ԿŮ洵Ӧû£Ҳ΢
κҲû뵽ĽȫŮ洵֣һĳԨҲǰ衣
Ԩ۵ĹԳƺƿκҲһвκɲӳԨ۵Ĺ
ûгԨۣŮ洵ȷʵסκȫ֡гԨǣƣŮ洵סκһʱûʲô⡣
ν֮ҲˡκλռǿߣҪƹԨŮ洵סԣѶЩ
˿һĻٶһۣ
ԨŮ洵֣סռǿκ顣ô칬߾ͻλƿߣλƿߡʵ޴󣬺칬ɱԣƺǲܵˡ
ɱ޸ȶԾԳ֡
㴼̵ˣҲ
⣬ԡ
ƤˣҲڽ䱸ƿߡ޵жͬʱƤҲͬʱ֡ˣסˡ
ɶ񣡡һɨһ
Ǹҵţκ飬֮ҾԾǣԳХһ
ֱչ߶ȫ
ڽ涴
ڵ״ûϣԣΨһѡ·˵մϼߣܹʱճ涴
ﾳڵʱѾԽ涴ҳɹ̤ﾳڣ涴ѶԸСһЩȻԽĳ涴;뻹ǺԶϾʱճ涴ֻҪܽɹǱѵֶΡ
񱬷ͬʱ涴ܿ콨ɡ
ԵԼͨ涴뿪ʱܵӰ죬ʩչдƿɨһ飬ʩչӰƿ߶
Ӱſٽʱճ涴΢Ťʧڿռ֮ڡ
Խ涴ʱƿҲʶˣڳԾͬʱҲٵԽĳ涴ǵĶһ֮˽Ƥغ󣬾ԵӰѾʧڻС

ɶ񣡡
СӣȻܽ涴ôģ
һﾳ飬Ҳܽ涴
ʱճ涴Ҫƿ߲βܽ𣿡
ƿ߶
߹ƿߣҲúܡ
ԣֶλͬѰʱճ涴ܽˣ
涴Ƿǳѵģﾳ˵ʵ֡Ҫ涴Ҫ㼫ͬʱҪĴﾳ飬ǵһݴεĹɽﾳҲ֧άһʱճ涴
ԣȴĿ֮£ʱճ涴˳ߡ
칬ƿߣԽ涴ߣɳһԲߣǵסռǿκġƤҲɻΪܽ涴ô˵Ժ칬˵ĺ¡


1950 Ϣ
ھͨ涴뿪󣬳ԨۺŮ洵˼߾ȫκ顣
κϾռǿߣǳƺƿߣܿͰ˳ԨۺŮ洵
ֻӰܣŨķ򲨶ڻ̿
ڳƿ߶֪ѰҾԡռǿߵһƿ߸޷󡣼㾰ͨʱճ涴ߣκȻа취ҵԵټ
ֻκü˼Ƭֱ̣һӣֱ˺ѻգӰʧ
ȥ׷پˡ
Ԩ۵˶κȥ׷ԣѾΪȡʱˡҪ뿪ռǿߣԨۺŮ洵ҲΪ
ƿ칬ƿߣھ뿪ͣ֡ռûȫ濪ս׼˫ɱֻΪҪɱԣ칬ҪԡѾ뿪ռƿȻݱͣս
£Ů洡ʹգŮ洵쳹ڻС
ڶƿߣŮ洵
ʱ˿̣û˸Ů洵ĻŮ洵Ȼռǿߣڽգ֤Լʵ˵߹ڣʵŮ洵ȵģࡣŮ洵㲻ԨۣҲϸ΢
ڳˣһЩĳԱ⣬ƿ߲ǿߡңǼǱȽƿߣȻǱȽϸߵġǺŮ洵ʵ֮ǿΪŮ洵ѾԨɱܡ
ĸޣŮ洵Ķ֡
Ů洵˵ʹգ϶ҲͷۡΪҲǳƺƿߵĵȫѹƺ칬Ů洵
Ů洵ҿӦκ˱ǣ޸ĿŮ洵
Իκ鱨𡣶ǣһһҲԲŹŮ洵Ŀ޸ˡ
ߣһߡ
λｨĳ涴ڵѾ֪ĿǰΪȵǣ֪ͨռǿǰݻٳ涴һλƿ߳˵
ǰȴݻٳ涴Ҫ£Ժ˵
ѴѶһλƺƿߣ
˷׷˵

ĳ
УռŤһӰ¶
ֵˣǴ層ݸߵľԡ層ݸ˺ѻ罨ʱճ涴˼
ոմӳ涴ȡҩǳʯʹãٻָ
ڼ̵ʱ󣬾ٴ˺ѻ罨涴
Ҳ֪κ²װ֣ԼȻߣ˺ܻܿ׷ԼԣھԲǴʱ
ھԵڶνʱճ涴뿪ƬУκӰҲֳ
κĿɨܣĿŷ
Сӣܵĵͦ죡
ǲ򵥣ͣԶԶЩƿˡﾳڵΪѡ̤ƿ߲Σˣ
ǣЩˡֻǣѾӦҪӽյˣκ΢΢ҡͷ˵
ҲӶֱ˺ѻ磬׷ԡ
κȻû˻֮ռǿߣһ˿Ϣ׷ٵԡ
Եڶδӳ涴󣬼յҩǳʯָͬʱת֮

κǻ쵰Ȼ׷ңԵ֮ڤڤио
Ӧõƺƿκ黹׷ԼҾԼԶʱ׷ϡ
κ׷ϣڵʵ϶ֵסôֻ·һǱɱһǱץסܲ
·Զѡ
ɶ񣡡
϶Ϊռǿߣȴ׷ɱһﾳС޳ܣջúܡ
Կɣ
Ҳ֪᲻ãҲֻܳˡ˿
䣡
͵Ĵ߶֮䡢ԼϢ
֮ǻĴЧĪ⡣ʱԱҪ֮նκ׷١ֻǣԲȷԼ֮ǷЧ
˴ǾԿ϶ʮİѵκ顣ǣڵ֮δɱ䣬Զû˴ܣֻȫԸĳԡھûãҪˡ
֮նϵ󣬾ͣӴܣʧС
ţ
ô£
ղšоСѾԶΪθоңԶˣѵӵٶȱһ죿ܣٶ֮죬ӦʧӰˣοÿһγ涴ͣ붼ԶҲ˵Խ̫ԶĴͳ涴κ˫ü˼š
ӦԼ뾰ԱȸղԶ࣬ղŻӦھԵϢЩģˡ
ʱκ黹֪ʹ֮˾ԼϢӰκ׷١


1951 ɹ
κ黨һЩʱ䣬ȷԵķλ
֪֮ʩչ֮Ϣ
жϣҲŽԶ봫ͳ涴ʵκ鿴ԻһЩⱦܹǿЧ
ҵҪܶԶκ׷ԡ
óƺƿߣ׷һﾳСǱСߣδ棿ԣ㲻ǴӦյҪԽãκҲ׷׷پԡ
κں׷ǰܡ
Խʱճ涴ٶȻԶԶ޷κȣΪ֮ϢҲκ鲻ò໨һЩʱһδεĸӦԵĴڡʱܻ׷λãò»صһԳֹλȷ
ܿ죬ʱȥ
ٴδӳ涴г󣬾ƣ¶һϮ˷ܺϲ⼸첻ӴܣþĶ쳣ƣϵԴʣҲˣ֮ǰԵĵҩǳʯͲǺܶࡣ
ڵˣ
Ҫκ϶ΨһϣԿܡ
ûڵľѾĻҲԾ򼫶ȻңƬ򲢲ʺϻΪˣڻĻ˵٣ʱܱ﹥
ǻ顣
ڻ򣬼κռǿ߶ܵӰ졣
ԵĴǣûķ򲻶ټԼ֮Ϣ˦κ׷
ڻ޷κ飬ǾԾûа취ˡ
ָ󣬾ٴ˺ѻ紫뿪
úκӰ֡
ţ
Ѿˣ
СӣǽƻúܡҪҵ׷𣿡κǴЦ̫ˣ
κٿطϸӦžԵλãӰܿʧ
δ֮

ôܣ
ҡҾȻʧȥСӵλãصȥˣһﾳСȻİҵ׷٣ܣκ˫ĿԲ·ǲԼѾ޷֪λá
˺ѻ磬ϱ任λҪٴҵԡ
ǣյʱκȷˣı˦ˡõİ취ùˣȻûٴθӦԡ
κݺݵĶ˶š
ʱ򣬸պͷڲԶУһĳùֱĳ촷ۡ
ɶ񡭡ɶ񣡡κ鼫ջ
һ
֣ʧˣκ鴫Ѷ
ܿ죬ԷлӦ
κϵܣô£˴Ѷ
κ鴫Ѷˣĵռ֮һ޾һͷ
ǸԣûץӦ飬ˡκ˵
ţôܣκϵܣԳ֣ѵûץסСԣĪгƺƿֹץƺû뵽κʧܡ
ھɱ֮ӵ֮ע⵽˾ԡȻֻǵ֮ӣλҲǺܸߵģ֮ӾûС칬ĺĵӣҲ֪ÿһ칬ĵӡкĵ칬ڣ̾͵õصѶϢ棬Ҳ׷Źɱ칬ĵӵˡ
ɱѾע⵽˾ԣҪɱԡʱδ̫ԷϣϾյϢҲǵѡ
ֱϢ˵ǾԼ칬Һ̤ܿﾳٴιעԡ
層ݱ֣ĸ㴼˵˳層ּԡ㴼˽Եı֣ҲʵĴѶ֪ӾԣҶԾԵɱҲԽԽŨ
ˣԳ棬ַǳŪԣκæκ層ݸżȻܺίУϵȻκæҲҪܴĴۣô˵κ鶼ǳƺƿߡ
ǣκȴѶ׽þʧˡ
֣ûƺƿ߳棬ǡκ齫龭һ顣
ǱߣĬһᡣ
ԵֶΣĻҪ࣡ĬһᣬżѶ
ûκʧܡκֲܴӦæǷһôˡ
ǰҲû뵽СӾ˵Ѳﾳˣﵽƿ߲ΣֻǸѶԸˡκ˵
ţκϵܣ鷳ˡͱˡڻҪҵԺѡģһȡһٳ֣һԳ֣Ѷ˵
κӰһ뿪˻


1952 
ĳ
ɫŵת֮Ӧ̽顣
ˣѾˣڤڤ֮УԸӦƺƿκԶԼ
ǵСһ㣡
ƺƿߵڵܹġ˿ٴ˺ѻ罨ʱճ涴
ظΣÿζ޷֮Ӧκ󣬾ŷ
ķˡ
ҵʵ̫ˣ
ҵĽٶȣѾܿ졣޾粻ʱ䣬ұӴؾ̤ﾳҴﵽﾳڡǣƿƺƿߣǵʵȻ󣡡
治֪ںδ칬ʱû֧ɱң칬ѱסҡҲ칬ҪӲܹ̤ƿ߲Σٽɵƺ͹еطյ߽ף޾һλԼԱڻĳ˼š
ҪʵҪ츳ԣҪԴطͷҪ̫ԴڵľԣûԴ
µżԴض࣬ɾҪ߲βƿعż
ϻһǧɱ¾֣Ҳǰκһɱ¾һԴ
ϵ칬棬ҪС˵κԼڰпš
ԻǾҪðϵŮ洵ˡ
ԲȷŮ洵ܷȫܿռǿߵİпšռǿ߷Ů洵Լϵռǿ߾Ϳܸ˿ҵԼλá
Ůǣܹȷϵᱻռǿ߷֣ǻϵҡ޷ȷӦþͲϵҡ԰ת
ˣʱô࣡
ǻ̡ӴڣȽ٣ұֵĸԲҾһʱ䡣ѷȽϺңҾɱŪһЩҲ󡣡˼֮УӰ˸ʼѰټ
ǳӴ
Ȼ˵Ծ򣬿ҪҵжﲢǼ򵥵顣ʱҲֻǵģǶԾ˵ûʲôô뵳ļʣ̫ˡ
ǱȽĵġɱ㹻ܻ࣬õ
ʱһȥ
һ꣬꣬꣬ʮꡭ
ԴӲһط̫ͣã϶籩ֱѹȥԾڵǿȣͨﾳ֮µ˲ɱͨﾳҲֻҪʩչмνɱ
ﾳҲǺѡ
תۣԱѾڻεʱ䡣ʱԷлס΢ʹ½΢ʹ½صòڿռ϶ڣױó﷢֡Է΢ʹ½Ҳයֻɨû쳣뿪
ھڻһǧһۼأһЩͨﾳڡԻһЩʱ䣬ۼڵȫﾡɱΣԵǻһͨﾳ
õֱӾɵٶǿ˲١
ڻһ󣬾һͨﾳǵʹؾǿȣǿ˴Լҡ
ôʱĥ£Զ깥Ӧ֣ʩչ籩иӴǰԿøٵӳǿɱ
֮⣬ںɵҲбȽԵĽȱԴһʱҲδֹͣɵƺ͹С
ɵƣǺܽӽ㡣Уﵽ㻹бȽϳ·ûӦԴ£Ľٶʵġ
һգȻһѰټϣܷľۼء
ţ
⡭ﾳ壿һ΢϶ʱ¶Цݡ
ôʱȥԻǵһڻֽﾳ塣
̫ˡ
һʱ䣬߹Ļ򣬿֮һԼ߹ΧҲȷֻܿʮ֮һ߱СҲһ

ﾳ壬ƺǵжûӣ
ﾳ壬뵳ļҪöࡣϣٻһĿо


1953 ĸϢ
ڻ򣬾Ҳ˼ɵġ
ʵʱﾳв󣬳ǳʮﾳͬʱ֡ǣڻֻҲԪ˧ǵȲεͲǾĿǰܶԸˡ
ԣǵþܵСģնɱԽԽ߲࣬ע⵽ļҲһ㾰Ժ
һжĽﾳ壬ûмųȥСĵĸһʱ䡣ԣҲﾳնڸһʱ󣬾Խȷ岢Լն
ϣһպ󣬾Ծʱˡ
Ҫɱﾳ岢̫ףԾȾͼʱȽס˵
ǿ󣬶ԾԵǿò׷һжĽﾳԵȻ׷Ź
ˣ
ʱ֣ռ䶼סǽŷ־ԡմֶ֮β˵ƿܼٴ󲿷ƿ߶뾰ԱϢ䡣
ֱԳ֣ٷеĽﾳŷ־ԡ
𣡡
Ļ飬͵Ϯ巢־ԣҲЩ⣬ǿʱıԴһ¡
ܿͻָž˻
ʱѹ֮£ٶȺ
Уû彫ϻڽӽֱӾнɱȥ
ϳ彫塣
ﾳǿᣬҲ޷ȫߣйҲǳʹࡣ
֮ԻӶб׽
кͺɵƹ̺ͬĹݺݵŽﾳնɱȥ
ﾳ壬ûҪߣɱԣʱڸܵԵʵ뷨ͱˣʼ롣ֻǣʱѹƣٶȸͿ첻մ츳ʱҲЧ
ͼ򵥶ˣֻҪķһЩʱ䣬ܽﾳĥ
ﾳ壬Ϣϼ־Ҳʼģ
彫ֿͺ󣬾ûż׻ɱԷĴӶԷлȡһЩϢһ彫жȻ̫
ͺ񵱳Ů洵ܷ層ݣҲΪȷһﾳ塣
ţ
ʲô
⡭ĸ壿ƬУĸأ
ԻõϢ깥Ը廹һЩǿֻܻһЩϢƬ޷õϢЩϢƬУԴԼ֪һƬڣһĸš
ĸ壬Ǵ޾ǳ١һЩռǿƲ⣬޾ĸ壬ûдﵽλУУռǿ֣һɱĸ塣
µĸ壬ҪѰҶѾˡ
ĸ֮ԶЩĸԴԴϵġ
ʶڲԶĵطпһĸ󣬾Ե
ĸڣôԴͲˣ
ĸ嵮ҪġĸٻԼѰԴĸõͨѰҶ˵ĸصĵطԴռǿ߶
ǰɱĸ壬ÿһĸڵĵطпԴЩԴǱĸɵġĸ嵮ʱë裬ҲǾпֲֵĺö
ЩϢ󣬾սﾳ彫նɱ
һɫâٴӽﾳʬ뵳
ˣˣһĿתǰ
ڳ֮ǰҲϣܹٴλһﾳҲ֪Ҫ層ڣɱĽﾳҲкüֻһףԼɱܻļҲǺܴ
ԣȻϣȴҲеò׼
ڣѾ뵳
ã̫ˣ
ֻһ
յһҵǿȣӦûǿĳҡͷϲ
Ӱһ˸ոɱĽﾳʬԱߡֱһӣ֮סžɫ
󣬾ʱ뿪Ƭնɱʱ䲻㳤Ҳ̣Ǿ뿪⸽Ϊá


1954 
뿪նɱصΪ˱Ի֮ԼϢ
ȷȫ󣬾ԽǬ硣һɫڷ֮£ڽѡ
ԥֱ̿Žﾳյ
ԼԼ̲ס߳
̫ʹˣ
ȻɶȻʱ޿̲ƻ޾磬ǵȷʵǶһ޶ĺöԻ壬ױȵĺô
Ԥϵǰ㣬չһǿǿĳҡھԵǿȣҪﾳڵʱǿһࡣ
ǿȵԶԼ·øˡ
һ̣кܶµĴɵƵ㣬ҪﵽˣԴôԿܴʱѾܹպɵƵˡϧǣϵǳʯʣ޼˵ɵƵԴˡ
ҪҪĸ飬ߺ칬أ
ĸصĿռڣֻ»ֲܿ϶Ҫ層ݿµöࡣڵʵҵĸؿռ䣬ǽȥҲʲôΪҸĸ壬ضƿ߼Һܿ١
Գš
˵ֻﾳڵΪ̤ƿ߲ΣһĸҲʵĸôǾͲᵽΪֹֻĸˡ
ĸ壬жռǿߺųɹġ
һĸ壬ǿҲõռǿ߲βſܡ
ǣҸߺ칬£칬ô죿֪ͨռǿǰѰң
һΣա
Ǹκ飬ҳС
У˵칬һҵĸ岢Ӧ֪ͨǹ칬һ칬ڶУڻ칬֮С
ˣһһȳѰĸؿռ䣬ʱ¡Ժܿ˾
´ȥ
ԼһƬߣݴǽﾳлõϢƬ֮׷ٸӦʼϸ
ĸ壬϶ϡƬһĸ壬ҲȻڼԷֵĵռ֮С
֮󣬾ԱǷһĵռ䡣ڷֵռλãЩˡ
ռڣпܾĸĿռ䣬ҲпܾǺͨĿռ㡣ڻֿռҲ̫ʱ򣬿ռڻһƬСͻ΢͵Ĵ½
ȥ޷ȷκ£ֻţȵǾͺ˵Ҫȶʱ䡣ҪԴǵǲȥѾûʲôԴˣɵţǾ̫˷ˡ
ƴˣ
ҹô࣡ηηβ̤ƿ߲Σһݣҧ˵Ŀо
Ӱһ漴ʧ󣬾ԳռС
Ȼ
ȻϢҲһۼأԸһЩռڲӵϢ
Ϣûĸ壬ҲȻдңռ伫ĻϢҲҪŨöࡣŨϢһʣôطĸĿԾͺܴˡ
ûĸڣֻЩѰӦýɵ߰˰˲Ŷԡ
СϢʼռڻ
層ݣ
һº󣬾ʱҲɱһЩһ죬һ層ݡ
層ݣֵ層ݲ࣬ԾԿݺһ۾˳層ݣԾоųϵİգжĸˡ
һΣûԥѡ層ݡ
Ҳҿṳ̂ƿ߲Σƿߣô㷢層ݣҲ޷룬㹻ʵܹ層ݡ層ݣЩռǿһ˶
뱤ݣյʱȥ
͵˿
Ž뱤յʱ䣬ͷһۼأҹģ΢ӦԾͷϰٸͨﾳϢ
˶ݵʱڣԾͷһģ˴ӪأֻܡһǾԵ̫ãǡøսˡһܾǣڵ̫̫࣬ൽҪѵ̫ྫȥѰңͿĴģۼӪء


1955 
ৣ
ԷӪرƽڷ֮УԵһֱ̿Ӫء
ͨﾳ壬һһʮӪƺûнﾳڡȴͨﾳ֮⣬㶼ǵʹؾ
֮ȺȻûнﾳͳ졣
ҡͷ
ţҲãǾͿսͨﾳ͵סҵСȻӪغܴ󣬵ӦҲò˶ʱܽս
ܿ죬ѾӪصıԵ
ͻȻ΢΢һ
԰ЩƺƺһڵľۼءԶ˶١
Ȼ˽ⲻ̫ϸնɱҲˣﾳھеĶ
޾Ǹ層֮УԴݻٵӪҲкЩЩӪضһЩۼﳤھסڴ˵ĺۼ
ھǵľۼأȴĳھסۼԽԽǾۼƺʱġ
ֻǣ֮ʱʲô
層ݣǴڻһεĵռڣľԵ̡ȻҲҪ鲫ɱô˶ΪҪʱۼ
Ҫʲô
һ󣬾Եǲżˣ뿴Щ﾿Ҫʲô
ԾڵֻҪСһ㣬ʱۼڵͺѷ־ԡ
һᣬץסһھۼѲߵͨﾳͨﾳûκηأͱǿд˳
һγͨﾳ㼸ʧȥʶ
ͨﾳϢҪﾳ򵥵öࡣûѶԾ͵õ˺ܶϢ
õϢ󣬾ҲǾһĿоҲ¶Ц⡣ֻǣͬʱҲĽ
ͨﾳȺ֮Уλɲͨ͡ﾳ֮ϣǽﾳҲĽҲ˵ͨﾳ壬λԼʵֻȺĽ֮¡
ץסͨﾳ壬֪ٵϢ
羰ǰжϵһⱤڣȷʵһĸڡǣﾳҲ֪ĸʲôλãֻ֪һĸڴˡ
ʱۼأһȺʵҲǸողŴŽͨضĳ嶯ݣϻŴԴǴӻѼԴ͵ĸա
ﲻ޷ﱦﶼʹãԴǿԼ塣Ӵǵڲһ޴Ĵռ䡣ҵܶԴգǲ֮ڣȻڣԴ͵ضĵص㽻
Դ˵ҲȽ鷳һЩԴʱǵٶȶܶ࣬һҪĲٵ
ʱۼص壬ȷе˵һ֧飬ͣϢǵڣȻкܶԴЩԴĸ壬ǲҲȥԴ
õЩϢ󣬾ͷȻϲڣȱԴȻһ֧ӡȺɱôܻһԴ
ͨﾳɱ󣬾۾з
սپ
ӣ϶Ҳʱ߲㱣ϵӱֻ߲̾ͻõϢӶǲﾳԪ˧ǰ
ãУܹԼٶɱû깥ǿطֶնɱǿ϶ɱ˶ͻԮѰ˼š
ಣ
󣬾Զʱۼط˹
ʩչҪĿЩͨﾳ塣ﾳ֮£ֻɨһ飬©֮㾰Ҳ׷ɱҪĻҪʱ䡣
ǿ깥Щͨﾳĳ˳
ڵȻǿܶ࣬ҲͬʱɱһٶﾳÿһιԼҲܶԶʮͨﾳЧɱˡĿ꣬ɱͻή͡
ҪĿͨﾳ壬ʱռ䣬ҪԵҲЩﾳ
𣡡
ɶôл֣
ɱɱҪԴԲܳκ⣡ͨﾳﶼԣյʱӰ죬ټڴԴٶȶ


1956 ɵͻ
һսӿʼע˽֡
޷Ծγв빥ɶѽӽԡܣʱ֮£ɾ׷ǡ
һһʮﾳվԱɱﾳ֮µ壬ѵҲࡣ
ս󣬾ûκε飬ŷʼ塣
ǿᣬǿ󣬵ǻŵʱ򶼲ܵסԵĽ⣬˵û֧ͳ̶ʮһˡ
ö࣡
öԴ
Щؾڶ洢˲Դ
Уʬ̫࣬ҿûôʱһһƿЩʬ塣˫ĿŹ⣬񿺷ܡ
ƿһЩʬ壬ÿһʬ涼ִԴ
Щʬ壬˵ͷһת
Ӷֱۣеʬ嶼תƵǬ֮ڡ
ڴսʱ϶ὫϢ߲֪ͨ˵ʱƿ߼ȡԴƿ߼ﵽҪ߾ûôˡ
ʬֻһͷ飬ȫʬ뵽Ǭ󣬾߶մ뿪
ȻھǰŸո뿪һӴĽɫмźﵽ
һǽһ˻
Ȼսû¶ʬ壬սĺۼȻԡԪ˧˲Ϣ֪ʲôӣڶдԴǵʬ屻ˣԭֻһǾɱǵĻ֪ЩԴ
쵰
Ļ飬ԴҶҪ㣡Ԫ˧ŭ
֮󣬶Ҳ
Ԫ˧ѰҽһݵĻټͬʱ֮̽Ƿиڸ
£һǲӦлܽġһݣһصĲռ֮У鼸ֲܷռǡʵǣȷʵлôҪ⵽ǻɽдģĻǰ
Ԫ˧󷵻أڳֻϢͬСɣ֪ͨԪ˧Ҫĸ塣гƺƿ߻鷢ôĸ͸ʱ׼뿪ˡ
ĸôʧһ޷ܵġʧһĸ壬ͻٵ
ĸ壬Ⱥ֮УλϵġԪ˧ĸǰҲ˿ΥҲ˵ȺУĸһУԪ˧ǽȵȣһ˿ִĸĸҪȥҲʲôɺԥ
뿪սһεط֮ϢǬ硣

һΣŪ˶Դڴ
ȡ׽ٵиһ߾ʬ壬洢ԴѻһԡԵĶܿ죬ֻ˲һʱ䣬㽫ȫԴ˳֮󣬾Իһ鿴û©ȷû©󣬾ԲſʼԴ
ʹ죡
һ֧ӣ͵Դ治ٰ
ǳʯٶǣǴʲôطŪôǳʯ
ٶǳʯͼֵһǧɱ¾֣治ˡ
ȻǳʯԴȣʲôָĿʯԴʤǾԶ˺һʱϡЩԴУкܶ඼ǾкͺɵҪġ
ѼԴûԵģֻҪ̺ĶȫҪֵߵҪֵ͵Ҳ
һᣡ
ȡһЩɵԴǳʯ
ԵĺɵƣѾ˵ļޣͻƣȱٵľӦԴڻһԴɵͻƾͲˡ
Դ֮
䣡΢΢һ
ǿ֮£칬طɵƣȻȻõͻơ
ɵƣͻƵ˵㡣
ԭŵ۾Ϣ΢΢ᣬ̿һɫֶɫƣܿγһ̫ͼ
嫵ܲͼ
ǿ
㵽㣬ֻһεͻƣȴǴȵҿţͺɵһط˵ܲһʵҲҵսҡ
ǵ㣬Ǵӵ߲㡭ֻ¾ʵı仯ˡյ߲㣬Ǹ߽׺ɵˡԺɵƵ
ɫɵͼɢǰ


1957 ˴
֧ӻȡԴ࣬ȽϲӣмֵߵԴֻٲ֡
ҲһֵǳߵԴôоͲһﾳﶼûС֧ӣʵǿľһһʮͨﾳ塣
ɵƣҲǴճԴµԴȻֱܹ࣬ʹõȴҲҲ١ȻǼǳʯӲͨٲҪʹǳʯ
ӣҪԴ͵һضλá
Ҳ˵ضλúܿרһ֧֧ӴͽЩԴġ
ȷе˵Ӧڲֿ⡣ݿռ䣬һĸ塣ĸҪԴԴϵµ壬ʱ޿̲ҪԴҵֿ⣬棬õԴѰ˼š
ͨҲõ˹ضصĲϢȷλáǱѻͨﾳԼ֪ضصλںηһĵطֻҪһΧ֮ڣЩﶼʧΪˣͨﾳŻ᲻λá
һ֧ӣ߲ȻѾҲ֪ҵĴڡ
ǣ϶ɳڱѰҵ䡣ǲֿ⣬ֻҲϸĿҪӽѶȿ϶С
ҪԿⱤڵõ㹻ԴͿԽʡҺܶʱ䡣һ̱ǳԼǬ硣
Ϊκ׷ɱڻǡɷһĸĲءܻȡԴԾ˵ѩ̿
֮ǰûʣԴˣֲȥϵ칬档޷ȷһԼ˻ϵ칬᲻֪Ͼ޾磬ߵġ
ռǿߵֶΣҲʶˡκ飬ôֲ˵ľͷˡĿǰ˵ԸԸ層ڣҲȥռǿߡ
ˣ
ھ׼ǰʱͻȻһ󣬾Ա̶ס壬Ĳ鿴Լ״
⡭⡭Щ״Ρ
޴ϲ֮飬ġ
û뵽Լ֮Ȼһɱˡ
֮ǾԺյĴյĵһִ֮ѣԺյĻ֮֮ɱɴ֮ȴһֱûɱ䡣
ڣ֮ɱ䣬Ϊ˴
ͻȻûκǰס
תԼ˴Īĸоʱָ֡оݡֻת˴ԱԼ֪˺ܶ顣
Щ飬󣬲棬˵κιϵ飬˱Ƚĸ֪ǰҪöࡣ
Ʃ磬ܸоԼĵ⣬ܸоʱ層ڵĴѰԼټܸо칬Լ
гԨ۵ˣҲڵԡ

̫ԣҸоƺǣ
ɫͻȻأת˴Ӧʱ򣬷ȺһЩϵϵ߹ͬ߹飬ҪɱȴԵøӺܶ࣬ƺһжԡ
ü˼
ĿǰܸӦĻ˵ĻǺϸȷһ㣬ռ߹̬һ
ҡҡͷٶ롣
ţ۾ͻȻ
桭ƺ˺ܴ鷳
̫ãѹֺ칬һֱ޷ϵ棬ڣ뵽һܲõľءϢ΢΢ᡣ
澿鷳ԴʱҲܾȷܿһЩȽյĶԵ涼ܴв鷳
ԸӦ˲˺£ķ˺һʱ䣬żٷС
кܶţҪ⿪ڵʵ϶ǲеģҪԼʵҪﵽƿ߲Σſܲ뵽Ǹ߲֮СﾳʵͨƿȣԲʸ͵ǻ߲εĽС
ԻӦһ¹ռ䣬ռƺһɸΪ߼ڸǣ˴޷͸ǹþԶԹռĸӦûеõκмֵϢ
ಣԿٷš
֮ɱΪ˴֮󣬾ڸԼٵҲõ˼ȵ֮ǰ֮Ϣڵ˴ֱӾڸϢˡ


1958 
ţռǿκ׷ɱԼԼӦú׾Ϳ԰ѡ
ݴͨﾳеõϢԿʼСĵضصӽ
·ϣܿⱤڣ࣬洦ɼԽ˴ڸǣɾܱܿЩûгɱ߲ע⣬п߲ǰԼͼ
߲֪ҪӽԴֿ⣬ǿ϶ȫֹ˵ʱжԪ˧εžͶ
칬
һʱ䣬칬ĸλӶѰ
Ժ칬һʢ˵ӡ칬Ȼɱţ޾УѾԺ칬չ˺ܶĶ
칬ΪԵ飬Ҳ˿ã͵ռ֮ƺʱܷģս
Ҫǣ칬ĵȻϵϡûеһ򣬺칬͵ĹǡһְһͷĸоƽҲνں칬ìѾˡ
Ҳ֪ôˣŮ洵̾һ
Ů洵ˣ֪κû׷ϾԣԳɹռǿκ׷ɱһЩϢУ칬ĸ߲֪ǽ˻
Ȼ֪ûбκ׷ϣŮ洵˻Ǻܵľԣϳռǿ˵һȫġŮ洵˵Ǿ԰ȫȴҲ⴫Ѷϵԡ
칬߲֪ڼӺ칬칬뾰ϵҲһܱ¶λõġ
޾صռǿ֮һ߹ռǿ߰оûнռǿߣ˺ܾúܾõ鶼ʶġǶĵ鶼֪Ŀ
˵δֻǺռǿÿһ¶漸ʹԼıĿÿһò᲻ͬ˭Ҳ֪ıĿʲôӡ
ֻ£ռǿ߶δؼԭò
ֶΣҲĪ⣬ϵĳɾ͵жߣ칬Ļ͸޷ȷΪ˱ֻܲȥ뾰硣
޷빬ϵϣ칬ڣ׵ε˵
ԨۣѾæ̽Ϣ֪᲻нչ򸱹˵
һʱ䣬СϡҵģǰıʲôϵĿ˵
ǰǸκ飬Ҳ֪˺ʲôôǻԾˡ϶ҲҪˣǸ層֮⣬ھͶԾԳ֡룬ҪҺ칬ܻӦһλҧ˵
κ鲻Ǻ칬顣Һ칬ҲǺ۸ġֻصܶκγвУѾ´ڵ顣´ȷ˵ˣԳ档Ү긱һ˵
Ү˵£Ҳһλռǿߡ
ңǻеλߵռǿ֮һȻûнκ߹κһԼ棬Ҫǫ
棬޾ϵĳƺƿ֮һ
չӣһѾǴﵽռǿߵĲΣڶȻռǿߣҲǳԨǸǿƿߡӣǻպյĶۡȻѾãǶ۵ȴ˸Žʱգÿ𶫻۵ʱ򶼻¶֮ɫ
һʱ䣬칬ĸͻҲǾ칬£޾еĸֶ̬ռ߹ҲбȽƵϵ
ֵ層뿪ˣǲ㽨ĳ涴Ҳݻ١
ǿϳ棬ǸκȵȣͿ϶̫Ϊͷ˵
ڻҲ֪ˡ
ԴѷԿºѻԴ츳ǹߣٶȿֲûԴ֧֣ٸߵ츳ֻҲ
Իһڶɱ¾֣ڶ޷뿪ɱ¾Ҳ޷һԴǣҲð뾰ϵԴ
˵ԣ˶ЩΡ
ռ޷ӻԼĺĳԱڳÿжܲ
˲ðȥӾԣھͺðˣȥӾԣռǿڻ޷ɺ治ڣ칬ȥӾԣ˵ͻᱻκ֮ͻȻס


1959 ƻ
Ŀǰ칬Ծ޷ṩʲôڻֻԼ
߹Уѩ׹Ԩۻ߾ܰ⣬ҲΪֲǵĺĳԱԨȻʵǿᣬȴվǳƺƿߡ
Ȼˣ칬ҲڸϵѰҰȻÿһܵõӦҲܱʲôҪá˵棬Ǻ칬ô칬һͷŵأ
Ѱ⣬칬Ҳֻܵȴص칬칬ѹȻҲСˡ
βռ䣬層ڡ
СķУѾض򸽽
ȻѾƬ򣬵Ȼ֪ԴֿλáǰǸͨﾳеõϢЩԴһƬ򣬾ͻʧ䶼ܵصӰ졣ӵִ󣬻и߲ǴԴֿ֮УٽͳƬ
Ϊ˱ĸԴȻԴ洢ԴĹҲǺܽġ

Դֿ⣬洢Դ϶ࡣֻҪܹЩ洢ԴôķһЩʱ;ȫֵáеľԣת
Դֿ⸽ضرءǣڱڵ֪һ˽ǱȻСػԴֿ⡣ƿ߼ڲֿ⸽Եʵ޷ƿ߼Կ
ҪӽԴֿУͲܿҪһЩɡ
ڣѾ˴ڶ׷ٺϢ棬źܴơ
ͣ˰µʱ䣬ʱ䣬һ̽Ƭ
ǰԤϵǰ㣬Ƭ֮Уﾳȷʵ٣Ȼûпƿ߼ĿԺܴ
ԼСģ̽鶼ԱȽСķΧڡ
ЩﾳܶԾԵûʲôӦһƿ߼Եܱ֡һ飬Ծ͸ûϣԴֿˡ
ԣֿ̽λʮֵĽԸ໨һЩʱ䣬Ҳ뱻﷢Լټ
˼µʱ䣬һĲ̽һ죬ԷһܵڡһƬطڣʮﾳڡҲǹȥҲ޷ȷ᲻ƿ߼
ֻʮﾳ壬ҲѴȥ˴ǿᣬȴҲܵġﾳ̫Ǿһᱻ֡
ô˵ֵطҲǺܴĽչгɵİȷһԴֿ⡣
ֻνȥ﷢֣ǵھǰһϰ
ĵȴš
ʱһȥת۾һꡣ
У
ûлᡣȥ˵һ꣬ʮ꣬Ҳһ޷ж֡üҡͷ
ô죿
ȥҲǰ취Գ˼š
ӦòȡһЩƲߣһЩ뷨
βҪΪϸµļƻ
һЩͷ󣬾ĵ˳Ƭض뿪ض򣬻뿪層ݣǳ˵ռ䡣ռλþԶ֪ˣʱ뿪Ҫʱ
˲ռ󣬾ԾزռΧߡ
һգԿһӰ
ڻ򣬻ǺټġȻҲһЩĴ½١Щ½ϵĻ飬һҲڻ洦ε
飬ﾳʵڻУǱȽǿˡھǰǵʵʲô
Խӽ鲻Զ˶ûз־ԵĴڡ
籩ʩչ籩ǿȥ
ﾳ飬ʱʧ״̬Ե籩ûпȥ˵壬Ҳʱ˶Էʶ
ţ
쵰ͽ
֮󣬾˷֡飬ͶĻеͽΪ˴лȡԴ˲˷ŭ顣
ѹ쵰ڻεͨﾳʵֻˡͨﾳ壬ɱѹŭ⡣
飬ȻͶ壬Ҳ֪⸽һزռ䣬֪層ݺĸ塣
ѹŭûгֱɱ顣Ϊ쵰ԽļƻͿʵʩˡ


1960 ն
ﾳھԿ£ûСع֪Լʧȥʶ
ֽаףعЩãȻĿ˿ܵĿռ䡣ҡҡͷ΢ЩԾĸо۲ܣûκûҲûټ
ȴ֪ʵѾбӰ졣
ǰһξ롣
ţ
ǡ
ƺһռڣ׶ǰһƬռ䡣
ܴﵽﾳΣڷϵȻҲԼܹоǰռЩһ
ӰһƬоһĿռ֮ǰϸĲ鿴
һռڣȥûʲôԥܿͷ롣
ڻ򣬷֮ңֲռ䡢ռ䶼ܶࡣڻУҲкܶϢ˵ĳĳڻһż߶ȵȵطõ˴ı
ΪЩ˵ʱҲһЩӱȽϴʵȽǿĻðս
Ļڻ߾͸ˣͶĻ飬Ҳᱻǵ֮УӡǡֻҪͶ壬Ǿ޷ٻصӪˣΪǵӡǣ壬̾ͻȥ
׽ԼֵĿռ䡣
⡭һ۾̵ɴ
ڽ֮ǰҲȷһռڵʲôֻһͨĶռ䣬ҲһƬ΢ʹ½οռ䣬֮кֿܶܡźܶռ䣬оûʲôֵġ
ֶܷżҪ˶Ͼֻ
׺ʼüЩţԼȻҲһһ˵żڶִᷢıǴûбֹûĶżıһܾˡ
˿ѹ¼ʼ̽һ
ţ
İʯãܺã׺ܿͷһֵȽϸߵĿʯİʯ
һİʯڻмֵҲܴﵽöǳʯȷʵǱȽϰĶˡͨﾳ˵ǳʯˡ
ֻǿʼѣһСŸսͷİʯôȻиջ
׼Ѱҡ
ڽʱ䣬ֽ˼İʯһһЩһ㣬ջöǳʯԴ
缢ƿʵļ̽һ
ţ
ƺһݣһӰ˸У˷֮ǰ
һܹӵķݣȥ⡣ǣȴǳܣ϶Լһ
һݽǰ˾סĵط˾ס֮϶һЩֵߵıڡϾռڣⶼҵһЩȽԴ
촽Ҫ뷿ݡǣûܳɹݵܣһɺǿ赲Լȥȴûжáܵǿڳ˼ι󣬰׵üͷʶԼʵ޷ƿܵ
УҵҰֹ
ϧˣԼܹƿЩ󷨣ôıԼˡڣֻҪֳһˡҡҡͷ
ȻЩۣȴҲû취ԼƲ汦ٶҲòһЩֱֳֹ뻹ܵõһ֡ңⷿԽǿ˵ʵԽǿ±ֵȻҲԽߡ
뵽漴뿪һռ䣬ȥѰҰ֡
԰׵Щ뷨Զ֪Ű뿪¶Ц⡣
һ˳
͵Ű״˹ˣռ䲻ԶбȽ϶Ϳ϶ᷢ֡ʱҿܾͻлԴֿ⡣԰ת
׷ֵĿռ䣬ǾʱٳġԵʵܽ涴һռҲǺܼ򵥵顣ǷԼ󷨣ȻҲǾԵַ
Դʵ࣬Ƿ֮ڣһëԶûзšµİʯնˡûնǰҲżȥҰ֣ȻӰ׵뷨ֻӰ񲢲ܸı䡣
Ű뿪󣬾Ҳٴνռ䣬層ݣصԴֿڵض򡣽ȴˡ
ϣЧԴʱҲȷԼļƻ᲻ɹ
ҪƿԼһռڵ󷨣Ҫƿ߲ǿֵ߳ġҪȻ͵дﾳ۷֡һֻֻǲƿ󷨣ȻҸǿİ֡


1961 ڴ
Իص層ض򣬰ĵȴ
ǰ׷˾ԹĶ󣬻𼱻ǵķ޾ѰҰ֡
ֵһһͨݣдػȫ޷𺦴ֺҲﾳ飬ʶǴԼ޷ƿġңҪҵİʵҲʵǿٵĻȻҲƿǷ󷨡
ȻѾ˻飬ʶȷʵ١Ҫֹ̽ڻϢҲҪӴĻ飬ͬʱغԼݡ׽ӴЩ飬֪ͽݡ
һЩƽʱϵȽ׽ܹŵùˣԼڻķ֣ЩѣҲȤȻ˵ȽΣգɸ󣬲ðܻûԵԴ
ðգɱ¾ɱ¾˭ֻȥȡ
һ˼򵥵ļƻһ£̸ôǶڻԴ˵ķ󣬱ͨ͵޾ĵʹû۸·
һһأҲǵ鲻ٵʱ䡣׵ٴηص޾緢־Դʱʮˡ
ԣһֱĵĵȴšȻʱû˷ѣҲڲϵԼľ硣
һ֧ӻõ߰Դ٣ɵյ˲֮⣬ºܶ࣬ȫ㹻ĸˡȻˣǰǲȥ͹ֶΡ
ڲȴҪԺ壬ĵǳ٣ķԴԺԲơ
һգ״һȺﾳǰֵĿռ⡣
뿪֮ǰͼ˿ռλãڻǺ˳
Ȼһռڣ
һɫߣһ˵
ڤ֣ѵƭǣ˵
ڤֹһЦ
λһռѾʵʵ˵淢һЩΪмֵĶǣⶴռڣһݱػ޷ƿ󷨣Բλæλģⶴռڴһʱ䣬ҲûκΣաҹ󷨣󷨶кܴİգǷ֮ӦҲΣա׶ڳ˵
׵ѣǻʲôһѾȵòͷˡ
ߣǽȥЦ˵
һˣ½붴ռ䡣ֱӴЩİ֣Ƿ֮ǰ
λһ䷿ݡǿԿ󷨷ܣҵʵ󷨶ûʲôӦתĿһ˵
Կλڤǰһ̤˵
ˣҲûλڤ֮ǰҶ˵÷䷽ˡⶴڷֵԴ۶٣շ䷽ǡ
ڤ˫ȭȫӿϢ͵Ķŷݾͺ˹ȥ
䣡ҫĿĹ⻪֣ǷܵĴϣһ˸һ¡
˶ѣ
ڤּȫһ˵ǼһƬѡڤԭȽţɿĽԭͱȽϺڵԵøˡ
׵ˣҲûȡЦڤ֣Ƕڤֵʵڤȫһػûˣôǳ֣ƶ
̫ǿˣ󷨵ķܣܿ£
ǰһǰҲƿ߲βǺǿƿߡ
ô죿
ô죿ˣֻԿһ֣ܲ˴ֻҪˣǽˣ޷ǾǺķѶһЩʱ䣬еʱ䡣˷׷׿˵
Ǳ㶼߶ԷĴչ
һʱ䣬ĺ
˺һᣬͣˣΪ˶ֹȻ޷ԴˡһЩ˭֪öòꡣ
֣Щ˵޷ƿ󷨣
ǰҪǿİǰǴﵽƿ߲ǿߡ
ֻǣƿ֣߳Ǵۻܴ﷢ֵı´ͷñƿߡ
֮ⷿǿᣬ˵ʵǿĴڣһﶨȻࡣǾֵܷһ֣ҲֵˡС֣ƶᳬǵ󡣡
Щ˾ۼһŽô졣
׵ѣһ㷢ֵģ˵ô졣˿ʵ
ֻƿ߳ˡЩĵ˵
ʶһλƿߣҲҪ뿪һԶ봫ѶԴѶ֪ͨλ˹λ˽涴·ܿͿԵִˡһﾳ鿪ڶ˵
ǾͿ촫Ѷɣλ˹˴ߴ١


1962 Ȼ
˴Ѷãõ˶ԷӦ
ѶĶֽйȸһƿ߼ǿߣ޾вС
ȸڸպû飬ȽϿУԵ˵˷һϹŶռ䣬̾;
ȷλ֮󣬹ȸֱ˺ѻݽ涴ӻнٻ
׵ˣڿռ䶴֮⣬ȸæʺǰˣǿƿ߲εǿߡ
ͬʱĸصһռڡ
ฺ鱨׷׶һ
ǰһʱ䣬Ϊл뱤֮ڣԪ˧ܼزռκβҪ
ԣЩѲҲһֱи
ڸղţͻȻ̽⵽ʱ֡Ƕİ΢ϣ֪лƿ߼ǿ߽˳涴ң涴λþռ仹Զ
Ҳ֪ڻУܹ涴ģһ㶼Ǵﵽƿ߼ǿߡƿ߼ǿ߳ĸĿռ丽ôȫţ
ǻỳɣǲһεĲռ䣬Ѿ¶ˣѾЩɶĻ鷢ˡ
Ϣܿʹ߲㣬һλԪ˧Գ֤ȷлƿ߲ǿ߽涴ڲռ䲻Զ
ֻǣĿǰȷǷѾֲռ䡣鷢˲ռ䣬֪ݴڣôͿܳһЩеĳƺƿߡ
Ϣ߲㶼˿Ĵ⣬Ҫйעгƺƿ֣߳ô͵תĸ塣
ֻǣҪתĸҲô򵥵飬ÿһתƣҪķĸ弫ľޱҪĸҲתƣнϴİȷĸ屩¶һĸ岢תơ
層ڵ󲿷ֶ뿪層ݣеĻ˲ռ䡣Уƿ߼Գȥ֤Ϣ
ضڣҲԴֿ֮ǰһֱгʮ֣ڴ󲿷ֵĽﾳﶼȥˡ
ɹˣ
ȻֻǺܼ򵥵ֲܴڣҲЧ
ڷţһªڣһƿ߼ʮﾳ뿪
Եǰһֱûðȥ̽ªµľƿ߼﷢ԼڿԵжȷġǳªڣȻƿ߼ҲԪ˧ڡ
ʱԪ˧ʮﾳ彫뿪Ľﾳ壬ֻʣ
ﾳԾԵвСˣԴֿ⣬Ҳ֮˺ܶࡣ
ȻûаٷְٵİգҲֵһˡ
ƿ߼Ѿʮﾳ塣뿪ʱ䲻̫ãҲץʱ䡣ǻҾûκλˡ
ƴһѣһ
˴ʩչϢޣմϢĽӽǰӴª
Ľһ層ݾͼĽƺҲֻеλܸߵʸס
ЩªĽÿһӴ󣬱ϾﱾͷǳӴ󡣾ûεޱҪҲԸû̬ǸⱣֱò
ȻӽڣԳɹĽ뵽ª֮ڡ
ª̫Ӵ󣬶Ƕһ𣬾ҪȷԴһ
̿Ԫ˧Ѿ뿪ھ̽ûôɵˡ
ªĽ֮ڣԵѹƵøΪء̽⼸ⲻ󡣺ܿģԾͷһԴϢΪŨĵطﾳ壬ĸص㸽
Ӧþˣ
ĸﾳһֱǸһƺҲֻһڡҪȥ²ȫܿĸﾳĿԳš
˴մЧǿվڽﾳǰֱ۾ܿԡ
ʵڲУֻɱ⼸ﾳ塣
ǣڵʵҪɱﾳ壬ҲҪһЩʱ䡣ķѵʱֻҪн崫ѶȥԮôԮܿͻʱֻߣ޷롣
һ롭
ˣһһСѾòùˡ֪ܰĽԴֿⷿ䡣Խ˫üٿչ
뵽ԼУһŤʱտԿٳ΢ĶСڼ澰Խ׽õġ


1963 ͨͨ
ϸǬңҵӰֵ
Ӱ֣ǾԴ׽ӰϲһӰ¶Ůн赽ģʱΪ˰ӰϲԿһǿĲϲ䡣ս󣬾Ҫ黹Ӱ֣ӰϲܾջأҲ͵Сһֱˡ
ֻǵΪֹӰּҲûõĵطþԶҪӰֵĴˡ
ªĽڣԴֿ⸽һֱĸﾳڣһ뵽Ӱ֡
ӰھԵļǲıɷ޾磬ӰֵļֵͲʲôˡǣӰֻܽ
Է򶼺ܵͣǽﾳڷϿؾζ
ʹӰֻ֣ҪϢǼۿԼɡ
Ȼˣ˳Դֿ֮ǰҲ޷ȷвСϾǰûľ顣ı֣˾Ӳĺˡ
һʹӰһռ䱦϶вͨģΪǼռڣҲ޷ȫԼϢյ˴ȴǿԡ
һԴ߷Ӱ֣Ӱһռ֮ڡ
ڸѾˡ
еĻӦǿԸӦӰֵģĽﾳڷ̫ҪӰһռ䣬ѶȾʹˡ
Իǰƶ
ҲҶ̫󣬲һҪά˴ת
һĽӽ
ǼڸĽﾳ壬ȫûзӦǵĿʱӰռɨʲôûз֡
ֻҪԲԼȥײôԴֿӦòиѶˡ
ԵĶ΢ƶٶȺǼľ룬һʱŴȥ
ɹˣѹͷصϲãһǰɭϷڡ
Ǽﾳûзκε쳣
ȥһٿӰֽ뵽һڡ
ĿǰΪֹԻǰٷְٵȷһԴֿ⣬ּжϸš
뷿䣬û̴ӰֳҲ֪ⷿڻ᲻ỹֱռڣ͸
һӦԵ۾ʱԲˡ֮УûڡԴȴǶþԶֱΪԼ˻þ
޾
ֻԴ
ৣԴռ쵽Զ˵ĸԴ
ָԴ߰ĶѻһϲȥӻѼĸԴ
һֿڵԴǱĸյġĸԴҲȥ𣬶ֱһˡҪգֺαغķ˼ȥأ
ˣ
һΣǷˣҸоֿڵԴҪܺͺ칬򱦸൱ˡϾԲ٣ֻϿܲ칬򱦸󡣡Цݡ
ϲһ㣬ֿڵԴǼֲġУܲмĶ
Ȱߣͨͨߣ
뿪һݣҵȫĵطķࡣ
̫ʹˣ֮ǰŬûа׷ѡһĸĲֿ⣬ֱܹ߹ıˡЩԴҵĹСɵƺȵֶΣɾҪͻͽˣЦ
ҷ̫±ﾳ
ֿ̿Դ׷תƵ˾ԵǬ֮ڡ
Դʵ̫࣬ǾԵ壬Ǻķ˽ӽյʱ񡣾޴ķԭ˸Դģڹͺͺһöǳʯû¡
һȻû뿪Ӵķϸ̽һ飬ȷûκ©֮½Ӱֵռ䡣
ôģôȥ
ǣ֮ǰԵǬûʲôԴȥʱǬڵԴȴѻ಻ɽ
һʱʱȥռԶԴֿ⣬ųʩչմ뿪
һν層ݣ˵ջ޴ԴˣӦһȫĵطŬԼʵȡ̤ƿ߲Ρ
κ飡ǶӵţҲһɺ⡣
ﵽƿ߲֮󣬾ԵʵȻκĳƺƿߣҲ濹һԨǰ㣬ȳԨۻҪǿԨۣûչһ缶ط
뿪層ݹУҲ㱻һԪ˧֡ʱԼ層ݣȴһԪ˧ͻȻ˽ҺþԷӦ죬ʱת˴û¶


1964 ֮زز
徭̽鷢֣ǻ鷢ĸصĲռ䡣
Ȼĸ岢δ©ôȻͲż׼תĸˡȻĸ߲㣬עһȺĶһƿ߼Ĵڡ
ھԹⴴĶռڣƿ߲ǿ߹ȸ߶µطķ󷨡
֮£󷨱һƬâܿ찵ȥ
ѾƳ
ȸ˹Ȼ
ƿ߲εǰЩֹ£󷨶ûӦǰãι㽫׻
׵˶ά˵
ʵϣȸ󷨣ҲǺķ˲ٵľʱ䡣ȻǴķûʲôΣգ̶Ⱦˡ
ȸĿ΢΢һɨԴš
ˣҲͶЩ̲סˣ޲̾ͽȥ浽״˶ٱֻǣڹȸ֮ǰ˭Ƚ룿ǲԼ
ȸ̤뷿֮ڣҲ̸˽ȥ
˶󣬱ȫɵˡ
֮ⷿڣտյģþ߶ûС䲢һԵЩӵڲűӦһ۾ܿ
أıأ˿ھС
ף㲻˵ⶴ౦𣿱һ˵Űס
һ˵ұ㶼ǰǹġǺķôʱ;ðս򣬿ɵĿĵأȴָûбֱϷˣ飬Ƿǳġ
˻˵ؼﻹһλƿ߲ǿ߹ȸȸ޾磬мﱻһȺСˣˣеŭѹȥ
ֱӽ涴ģڴݻʱΪ˽ʡʱ仹ϧ̷һЩָҩΪⷿڣԴɽŷ֣һëûС
ô£ȸУ̺Ũɱ⡣
¶ȣ˲Ϣ併ȵףǼʰ׵Ҳȫһ²˵ˡǰλһƿߣǷ֮ɱ˵ǿڡ
ˣġǰ˵һϹŶҵԴ⡭ȸǸﾳ飬æڽ͡
ɲ׶ȸŭ
龭һ飬ԼҲǱƭˡ
ףкα⣿ȸ԰׺ʡ
׶ɵˣһͨﾳ飬ƿǰƿͷųһϢס
սսͣԼҲû뵽ȷʵһռҵһЩİʯ֮Դ
Ǻǡ֪רŽ涴Ϊ㷢һƨǵĶȸЦ
ҿ⳥ˣŹңҿóԴ⳥˵ʧ׸ܵǱɱ⣬ġ
⳥ƾ㣿ȸһĳ
׵壬ֱӻΪ촷ۣҽûܷĿռҲ¶ŭĹȸֱһ㽫׵ռյС
ɱ˰׵ĹȸƺȻûнŭȫйɫȻѿ˿ȸɱ˰ףһֲ˵׹ϵǳõˣҲ͡ƿ߲ǿߣܹƵģǺʱǸҶ˵һ֣ô׾ǵǰ֮ŭµĹȸںɱ
ߣǻȸӰһ仰ʧڶռڡ
µ˼ȸѾ뿪Ŷɳһ˶һۣ̾һȻҲԹ׸Ǽ鱨ڰ׶ˣԹҲɢˡ
ȴǲ֪ǻͽѾͶ塣ڰ׵ӡǡ

層ݣ
ΪĸԴֿģһλֽнԽԪ˧
ǰΪлеƿĸڲռ֮⽨涴Ѩ߲㶼ܽšԴֿĽԽ⣬Ҳʮ̽
ڣܿͽˣƿ߼飬ֻǡô͵
Ϊ˲óѨ¶Խƿ߼壬Լûг֣µһȺԲܽӽЩⱻ֡
ԽصԴֿ󣬻ЩܰġȻľʱܾﲻԡ
޴Ľɫͫһת˴ԴĲֿ⽨˹ȥ
ǼﾳԽһ񣬵¾޴ͷ­
뿪ʱǼû뿪ֿڰɣԽ¡¡ʵ
Ԫ˧ˣʱٱ֤ͬʱĸڴλһЩĵطѲӡһﾳӦ


1965 չ
ԽĻش𣬵˵ͷ
Դֿ⣬Ȼ֮أԽ︺Դֿ⣬;Բֲܳ
Խһ£Ǿֿ⿴Ѿ˲ֿ⡣
Ԫ˧ҪԴֿ⣬ǰĽ嵱Ȼ˵һߡ
ԽԴֿ⣬޴۾һɡ
Դأأ
ֿڵЩԴأ
ټĲֿ⣬ʱѾտҲԭѻɽĸԴȫʧøɸɾ
ǼԴֿĽ壬ҲڽԽֿŽ龰Ҳȫסˡ
ǣˡǵȻֿ֪жԴڣֿһëû¡
𣡡Խⷢһ˻
ľצ͵ĻӶһ£Ǽȫɳȥ
쵰ԴأĸҪҪյЩԴأԽʢŭ֮£㽫⼸嵱ɱ
⼸һֱԴֿ⸽Ľ壬Ҳȫ֪ʲô飬Ǹûп˽Դֿ⡣˵ǻ飬ȺԱԪ˧뿪ʱҲûнԴֿġ
Ԫ˧Խŭ֮ʱѾ뿪һռԶǾγ涴ͣʩչ˴ϢգԲѡһȽϰȫĵطǬ硣
ڣһ´˴εľ޴ջˡ
಻ɽһĸԴ̲סٴһ
壬ѹ˶ԴҲǲ̫׵ġȺֻҲûмԴֿ⡣ЦڣЩԴҵˣ
ЩԴʵ˾Բٵʱ䡣Ǿ㹻ǿֻҪʱ䡣
ʵ̫ˡ
ЩԴľֵԶѹԴд󲿷ֵּߣż߼ֵ䱦ͬ١
ڻУһŹʵߴǳʯҹħٿšҹħֵҪߵ䱦ҲȱȽǡ˵ⱲӾû˶Դ¾ǹµżбҲûһԴֿڵıֵߡ
þԸеǣԴʱȻһƬԪҶ
ڹżڣԵõƬԪҶƬҶԵṩ˼İƬҶǾڻδܴﵽﾳΣ˵Ǵﵽﾳˡ
ЩҲ֪ʲôطõĻԪҶҶȷʵǾڹżõĻԪҶ
һƬҶάһЧЧ֮£·һеѶӭж⡣
ԴˣԴ̱չ
Ҫֶκͷͬʱ
Ŀǰɵյ㣬յ㣬յʮ㡣
֮⣬˴մͻִҲɽв
˴ֶεżǿЧ
ԴӾյ֮ɱΪ˴󣬾ԶԻתһЩȻڸ֪ϣģǴһ
Լã޾תһԴͷڿơ
Ϊƺƿߣܸ޾硣ڵľ˵̫磬ֻһﾳСһѡҪģ̤ƿ߲Ρ
ȡƬԪҶḧһ£о׽
е㡣
žԵľﵽﾳڲΣֽ˸ƷǿȣھطǰˡУ˴ݣþԺ·
طʱȻطǰ´ڸ󱲵ģÿеʱȻܶ·ߡЩ·ߣеȷȴǴġ˴ܰԼߴ·ͽʡ˺ܶʱԴ
ǰطֶٶȶܿ죬֮ʵһֱкֻܴʵСʱ򣬾ûвһ㡣
ڻԪҶЧ£гԴе㣬ûʲôϰʮ꣬Ѿ˹е㡣
ûͣЪе߲㡣յ߲㣬ôͿֱͨӻصżƿһµż
ԪҶЧʣ°ʮꡣ
Ҫյ߲㣬ѶȻյöࡣʱ򣬾Ըо˺ܶչԵúܻ
ʱһȥе߲Ȼڼ߲еѶȣȾеĻҪһЩ߲֮䣬̫ˡѹ֣żڹ˵Ҫչе߲ܽӹż


1966 С
ʮʱܿȥ
ŻԪҶЧʧе߲ĽȻǣԲδֹͣʱڹؼչе߲㣬ֻһ
ԪҶЧʧ󣬾ԵǲˣԸڽһЩҲҪ㡣˴ʼյ߲п£
ꡭꡭ
˰ٶ
е߲һϣڱ
һϣ쳣̣վǱһʳˡ
ڹͻƵ߲һ̣Ե棬Ҳɫ⡣ڽɫУԼɫĵϡ
鿴߲дԼı仯űֽ֮С
ΪľҲͻˡ
еͻƣֱӴﾳڣﵽﾳ۷壬Ƿǳӽƿ߲εﾳ۷塣
ͻƵ߲㣬ԵӰʵ̫ˡȻʱû֤߲еܣҲ֪߲еӦֱԼս
ǳʯ
һξ層лõĺԴǳʯֲģûȥǳʯ
һööǳʯڣ嫵ӿ뾰ڵ
Ҳ֪˶ǳʯԲŸо
۾
ﾳ۷壡ƿ߲Σֻһ㡣ܽɵҲ߲㣬ӦþͲֱӿƿ߾ˡ΢΢۾
ȥżѾյ߲УԽӹżˡȡ˸
ͨһԿֱӵִż
ৣԼӰֱʧǬڣһ̣ӳıϤľ
ż֮ڡ
ԣСһôģ˲ϵӰھǰ
Լ̾͸ӦˡֻǣһûӦû뵽Źȥʱ䣬ԾѾչе߲㡣ҪҲҪյ߲вС
ǰԼˣ
㡭յ߲ˣ˻ǵ˫ĿУͻȻһ⡣
Կó˷ǳļ
ǰյ߲УҲû취ЦЦ˵
죡ʩչиҿ΢΢ϸֳһĨ֮ɫ
󷽣趯
ԻǵԼǴؾʱ򣬽żڣЩǰСڣȻǾЩܾܺˣĸоˡ
Դ߶Уɫӿ֡
ͻȻЦ
̫ˣ̫ˣȵˣڵȵһյ߲еػߡЦᶼ
ǰ㡭С
ԡܽˡӦøĿڣҪСˡˣͻȻһžһĶ
˾Եǰ
٣ݼСˣټ乧ĺЩϸĻ֮еϲ֮顣
ǰǸʲôһ£æǰˡ
СˣɲҪٽǰˣֱӽҹپͺá˳ϻ̳Ͽֵ˵
áðɣϸ磬ЩףΪͻȻд˴񣿡ԿЦһʵ
Сˣ֪
Сһż֮ǰУҲڽżЩУѡһЩΪȽϳɫӣСĿǰΪֹֻҪСһյ߲лˡ
˵յ߲У㽫̳һУݡȷе˵ֻյ߲еˣĻԪػߡڹռ䣬Ŷһ޶ĵλ˻˵š
е߲㣬ȷʵѡԵͷ
Ҫ˴ݣչе߲ϣҲã
ǷǳǳѵġС㣬ҵУʵû̫㡣޾УҲбСɫһġǣȻ޷յ߲С
û뵽Сڶ̶̼ʱ˵߲СЦ˵
ʱ䲻ԼʶҲһЩ˵ڹռ䣬Ҳ飬ͷǳǿѵЩռв𣿡Բʵ
Сˣռ飬Ǻٵġңռ鵮󣬱ӵһطռԼطܿ죬طǾͻܻ˵ռطǻԪĴ͸ҡͷ


1967 ԭ
ⷬԲŻȻס
޾磬ѽӽƿ߲Σȷʵʱ̡ܶȽصϢ֪֮١ں칬ڣҲԼռػߵݣ׽Ů洵ȻҲԵ޹ʶԾռ䡣
СˣռжطֶΣǿģ˵ĹСһЩطȻҲǻ缶ΣȴȻһЩ
УҲطģػߡ۵λͺñǻеһȵĹţƵġҲдڸռԱЩԱмûнչǻУһЩȽϴ󡣡
ܹյ߲Ļ飬֪ģֻСˡ˲ϵϣٴ¶Цݡ
ţһˡҲЦЦ
ͻȻһתʵϸ磬ǹǰģ
ھԿ˵ʵضǳǿҲƺƿǼͷȣǿΪͬʱɵУȴԼһЩӦеռܻȺɵƻҪǿһЩ
ȻȷָоɵƣǺ칬طҲǺɵǿֶΡ
ԾԾã˵ʵҲǴﵽǸΡĴڣ׻ʲôˣܹأ
СˣȻѾյ߲УҲĹռػߡôһЩ飬ҲӦøˡ˵ɫ
Ҳɫ
˵ϸϸС
ıʵǻԪϵһ֪ҲǼࡣ
֮ʼ˻ԪлԪʣɴ½Ĵ½ҲڱΪռ֮صһƬ½Ȼʣµֻ塣ܱ飬Щ£ǿķֶΣΪʿʼ˴ɱ
ɱУռ֮زϱƻɢƬɢγ޷ĴСС½ԪӣҲһ档
ԽԽ࣬ɱҲԽԽءԪĲ̣ͼʹһЩֹ˴ɱҲΪԪѣЩͻȻͷ˹ռ䣬ҽ֪˻ԪеḬ̇ʹ֮£Ŀŵ˻Ԫıϡ˵ʱĿ¶ŭ
Ҳǰͷ
ԪһƬҶЧ˵ľˡЩ飬ȻҪõ
ԪӴҲֲ޾Ļ鶼϶ȡҶȵȡԣΪԱԪſʼһ壬Ҳǹռڵ顣ռ飬ǿǱԪ͸ռǿط
ػߣԪռŽȶЩ飬˳ȥ
鵽ǽҲ֪ʲôʱʼгһֱΪĸĹЩɻʣȻȳһÿһ֪һУֻҪǻʣûǲյġǲϵɣǵʵԽԽǿȴԽԽ
տʼʱҲ֪Щĸôֵġҵˣ㿪ʼ뿪ռ֤ҲʱҲŸҡµ׷飬˷ĸıƻһִֻڡֻ֣Ǵӻ֮̽ġЩĸ壬ϵǲǻĵˣǻԪۡ˼Ȼ鵽Ȼ
ҲΪˣ䡣ʱҶ֪׷ʲôֻ֪˼µĵˣǵ˾˶޷еùڻôʱ˻û˿µǿУûѻ΢΢š
飬СԼ֪ˣһżʮöĻᡣ̾һ
ֱʱ򣬾ԲŴԼ˹̡
һ󣬾ҲĽ˵ԶԸﱳ󣬻һֻڲٿһУ˶޷ֿôǾĵˣ
ǵˣһǶ
ĵˣ⽫ĸһ磬ҲˣԲʲô⡣
ڣΪĳ֣ҲûʶΣǲűŽôɱ¾Ͳᱻ߹Ҳ˴˺٣ڱ߹Žһ¹ͬԸġ


1968 Ԫ͸
뵽Ծ̲סü
ǷǳŪԼ칬ϵҲԽԽþԣʼǷҪ޾ˡΪص޾磬ôܾܿͻռģս
Լ칬϶ҪԼȥսҲǲܵġ
˵ʱ֪ںδǱսǺ칬Ȼᴦơԣ㾰Ҫص޾磬ҲԱ֮ӲƺƿߵĹ
ϸ磬ʵܵ΢ƿ߶ǡȻѾչе߲㣬ʵǿƿ߶ԶԶ簡ңһ¿¶Ҳε̾Ϣһ
Ϣһ
ǸĻ˶˵仰ʱ񶼱
ϸ˵˭ʶʡ
СˣһСǰʱ򣬾ͷǺЩԾ˵Ѿͽҧ˵ֻǿϧûȷ¡ȷһɱǺġ
ԴʱҲ۾ɴ
֮ǰʹ˴ʱ򣬾ԼЩһֻҲ޷ȷ¡
һ˵Աȷ˼֡
СˣµһżѾˡת˵ԴС˶ʹáż㾡Կɲٿءٺ٣ҪٿһżʵҲҪյ߲С
̿ż̽鿪ȻһھԵ̽¶ȻɿԭЩ䱦ĵطҲȫԾԿšԣȡκα
µԴĺܲ١ǰһĸԴֿ⣬ȡ˺ԴҲе͵߲ʱʹһЩԴǾĿǰҪģȻԪҶĶ⡣
ܿ쾰Ծ˷ΪѾһԴķ䡣ڣƬԪҶ˻ԪҶ֮⣬ԴЩԴԪҶһ𣬾˵ֵԪҶҲ̫ࡣ
һ㵽һڣҲ֮Ųƹ
˼ĿڻԪҶ֮ϣ㿪˵СˣҶԭһЩġУһϣ̳ػݵţͻһƬȥھʣƬˡ
ԵȻס
ϴνʱ򣬱ѡУͻƬԪҶ
СҲʧڹռ֮ڣҶõĶҲС˵ԪֱӴ͸˵
ϸ˼ǣԿŹˡ
СѾػߣʱռ䡣СӦûõԪһδ͸˵ܹС˵ĹֱӴﵽڰ˲ǵھŲ㡣˻˵
ֱӴﵽڰ˲㣿յھŲ㣿
ԼֱЩԼˡ
е߲㣬ԶкܴɷֲŵԳɹġ
ϸ˼Լռ䣬пܵõԪ͸Ӷһչеڰ˲ھŲ㡣
ϸ磬ҲǻԪռ飬ҲԵõ͸𣿡Ե
Сˣʵ飬ԴڻԪȻЦһ
ϸ磬ռԶڵʵ涴뻹һơһ˶˵
˵ԼҪγ涴ִܵռ䡣
Сˣż֮ڣֱӴ͵ռ䡣˵ͨСֻҪʩչе߲㣬֪βٿءЦ˵
ԣæʩչе߲㡣
˹˵˼
ȷʵֱӵִռ䡣ңǴżռ䡣
ϸ磬һ֪Ԩǰ֪кΪλôչˣĿһתʵ
ڳԨǰҲʹԨ۲δ߾ԼΪλô
ԨۣС˵ǳԨ
֪ԨСʱȹָһ̶ϣҲ˵ˣǵʦС˵ĹУԨС̬Ѻþͺˡ۾з˵
Ȼǹռ飬Է֪ȻҲǿ󣬴ܾͿɿȻط𣬵䱾ԴȻǵȷе˵ԴͷԽ޾е෨ʱն޷


1969 ػߴ
ôһ˵ҲˡԨ۵ĽӴУҲܸоԨǼˡ
ϸ磬ھȥռ䡣Ե˵
˵ͷ
Բٿһżд͡µһżһǿı
ֻо΢΢һżȶ
СˣѾռ䡣˸Ӧһż֮󣬶Ծ˵
ż
Խż
һɫ硣
ȥĿԶǸߴľγɵĴ֡
ǹռ䣬һֲϢŨ硣
صռ䣬ϵɫԵúܼѾܾúܾòصռˡΪԽյ߲㣬ΪػߣôȻܻعռ䣬Ҫһֱż֮Уռػ߳֡
̿
̽УܿһЩսĺۼ·ܿսĲҡȻȥãһڣȴµսӡǡ
Ȼ飬Ź硣߽룬⵽ĹԹռϣô黹׷ɱ硣
飬ÿһǿȻǺܶ࣬ôǿĻֽҲ˳ȥ˵ڹռڣʵлԪļӳϹսȷʵ¡
ھԺ͹˽ռ󲻾ãӰ˲Զ
ռ䣬֪̾ҿں̵ܶʱִڿռڵλá
ЩĹ飬Ϊл֡ɵǵִ󣬲ŷǹ˺һˡ飬ȻҲʶˡǹ˵ʹӣڹռλȻǺܸߵģһĹڹǰȽ𾴡
ٴ磬㣿
ٴˣ飬ҲܼȺ
λֵܣҲ΢΢˵
Ժɣλֵܣȸǽһ£λҵСˣԣ˽ܾԸʶ
Сˣ˶΢΢һ㶡
ԣСˣ˵ļ̳ߣѾչе߲㡣˵ͷ
ô˵Ҳɫ΢΢һ䣬̬Գֱ仯ǻɻߵ˭ϢϿԲǹǻ顣һҲûѯʾݡ
Щ飬Ҳ֪Ѿ䣬ˣǹռսй鶼ˡ
ڹ˵ļ̳֣߳ǵȻҲ𾴾ԣԵסһ
ԣλѣ˵
Щ飬Ϣǿ󣬾ԸоõԼǰ⼸飬ҲԶǻƿ߲Ρ
ôƺǣЩ鶼ֵ̿ҡͷ
ػߴˣ鶼ԾԼ
֮ǰҲ˵ڹռ䣬˵ĵλͬЩеĹһ㡣
Сˣǲȥ̳һ˵
̳ǹռʥأйУ̳ʥµģŻԪ
飬Ҳסڹ̳
Ҳã˵
ǼУΪ׵һ̱ӶֱۡĶһɫţڿռڡ
ڹռ䣬űΪʱ֮šֻҪڹռ䣬ͨʱ֮ŵִκεط˻Уʱ֮žûЧˡ
Ƚʱ֮ţ˴֮ȻǼ顣
Դʱ֮ų󣬾Ϳǰһ޴ɫƽ̨ƽ̨֮ϣһ޷߶ȵĴϣʥϢݳ
ƽ̨ܣпղơ
Կƽ̨ǹ̳̳ϵĴǻԪҲǻ֮ʼԪϣԿһЩҶһЩɫĹʵ
ӣɫʵĺˡ
ʵ󣬻䵽̳ϣڣɳռ䣬ڻлΪһ档
Уὥ顣
ಡ
ھԵ˴ʱճʱһӰ֮֡
飬ȫˡ
ˣٴζ˽ܾԵݡЩ飬֪ǹ˼̳ߺȫ񣬳ƾΪػߴˡ
Щ飬ʵҲͬһ֪ʵģҲǿȻͨƿ߲ΡЩʵǿģǲڻЩƺƿߡʵǿģӦܹȻͷȻֻмٸˣ⼸ٸˣܹľӣռ䡣


1970 ƿ
ռ䣬޾ǿڻԪԵвֻл顣
ӹ˲֤ϢпԵóۣиյĵһԼԪǿˣ׵䡣Ի֮ĵˣ˭Ҳ֪ʲôʱж
ȷǣһڰıʲô
ػߴˣҽйɽ
ػߴˣҽйʯ
ҽйų
飬ԾҽܡЩ飬չţֶܼ򵥣ʵҲںԼ֮֡ȡһ֣ҪΪ˺û֡
λֱӽ־Լɣٸ鶼Ϻ󣬾Կ˵
Щ飬һһǿʵСĶԼߡǳƺˣԻЩ̫ϰߡ
ǿɲУ
ǹռػߴˣ
飬ҡͷ˵ɣ˶˵СʵȷʵǿȻǹռػߣǹռ䡣
ˣҲ޷ʲôֻЩȥˡ
СˣʲôʱܻԪĴ͸ʾԡ
ʱ𣿽ܻԪ͸Ҫ׼ʲôأŹʵ
ʱԣҲҪ׼ʲôСˣھͽܴ͸ھͿԵϹ̳Ц˵
ãԵͷ
ֻǡ΢΢ü̳ܣһϣҸоܷǳǿҸβܽȥأ
С˲õģԪ֪һУռ䣬ԪݡϹ̳Ԫֹġҡͷ˵
Ŷԣһ
Ź̳ȥ
ܿģһ֮ǰ̳ܵϣȷʵǳǿһϣӦǻԪıһ϶ƣôԪҲΣˡԪĹֶβ࣬ҲϵһЩȾйЩĹҲ̫ǿսǿҲǳƺƿ߲Ρ
ԼϽӴ
Ȼ˵ϲδֹԣԺ˳Ϲ̳
Ԫ֮£ϥ¡
̳ΧԼ飬վԭؿžԡ
ػߴˣĿǰľ̫ߣδﵽƿ߲Ρɽ˵
ǰػߴ˺ᣬѾյ߲Уò̫ãػߴ˾ܴﵽƿ߲Ρųӿ˵
ϸ磬ôҵػߴ˵ģйʹˡ
ˣ龭˵һ顣
Ҳû뵽Сܹ֮յ߲СС֮ǰҲһЩ˽µżСǣûһյ߲㡣˵
ţ
ǹռ䣬磬ΣϣػߴˣܿһյھŲУػռ䡣ɽͷ˵
С˵츳ǱڻûԪĴ͸ӦǿֱӾյڰ˲ˡпܣյھŲСз
ػߴܹյھŲУôʵӦǾЩƺƿˡʯԶԶϥڻԪ֮µľԣ˵
̳ϵľԣ۾
ûʱ䣬Ծ͸оһϿսԼܡ
УӿǰʹûԪҶʱ򣬾͸оҶ̺ǿ
ǡûз
ĪǻԪĴ͸ԸоԼ塣
Ҳգ۵ʱ䣬Ծ͸оԼĹطµı仯ŹطϵȡͻơûãԵĹоǽӽͻƵڰ˲㡣
ԪǳĪ⡣
ռĹ飬ǻԪЩǿطȻǹ飬˹вյ߲㣬õ˻ԪϿɡ
ڻԪ£ԵĹнչ졣
ֹƬ̣
ˣ΢΢һĹУ˳ӵ߲ﵽ˵ڰ˲㡣
ңȻڼ
ͻƵڰ˲֮󣬾Ե磬Ҳǳ˾޴ı仯ԭﾳ۷壬ŹеͻƣﾳҲɵıԣȻľ̤ƿ߲Ρ
ﾳƿ߲ΣԭǷǳѵһ޾磬ƿ߲ʵࡣ˵ռ֮һĺ칬ڣƿ߲γԱҲλ;ԴʱǴﵽΡ


1971 淨
ԸоõԼѿƿ߲Σʱûиྫȥ˼Щ
ԪĴ͸ȻֻҪĽܣԵҲ޷š͸Ҫϸµ͸ǹ̶ģܻö٣ҪԼˡ
ңԻҪʱʱӦŹһط͸ֱþһطĸϢõȴԼʹãǿɾɵˡ
ֹһʱ䡣
ӻԪϽڿʼʧһ˿ԪĴ͸󣬾Բ˫Ŀ
͸ʱʵ̣ܶҲͰյҡ
ԳԴ߶Уз
ǿ󣡡Ե棬ֳŨɫ
ڰ˲У
ûֱطھŲ㣬ҲѾܽӽھŲˡ԰ת
һоŸΣĿǰδյھŲ㣬յڵĳ̶ȣѾþԶм˽ˡԼھŲҲܽӽֻҪȥò˶ñȫչС
Уɫâʧ
ʱھԵͷϿգһɫâ¡
ţʶ̧ͷȥ
ɫȦ˾ԽԿɫȦ֮ڣһЩԪҶһɫĹʵ
ָ֣ӴɫȦɫâ˸ʧҶʵ䵽ԵС
ƬҶһŹʵĿ⿴еƷ
ǻԪ͸֮⣬͸Ե
лԪվڻԪ֮£Źɣл
֮󣬾ת뿪̳
Լڶ飬վһžԡ
СˣѾ̤ƿ߲ˡ
˵һ˵
ϲػߴˣ飬ҲԵء
ΪԪĴ͸ǻԪ͸Լǿ϶Ҫܳʱ䣬Ҳܿƿ߾硣ǫ˵
СǹռػߣõԪ͸ǲЦһ
ػߴˣոջûԪ͸ʱҪƧ֮չأɽʾԡ
ţȷʵҪһ˼ԵͷˣԪ͸һЩҶһŹʵҶ֪ʹãʵôأ
СˣʵɱҶöࡣЦˣһ棬⽫С˵һ档ڹ⣬С˿о
ðɣԵ˵ͷҲǾ
Լ棿
ԽʵҶһڿʼչء
칬
ھԵ˹ռ䣬ܻԪ͸ʱ칬֮ڣȴһ־ֵš
ˣˣˣˣ칬ڣĴ
칬ڣ򸱹һɫ΢΢ĿзŨľ
칬֮ڵĻȫٶȽ칬ÿ˵ɫء
Ϊڸղţ˾
ں칬ʷϣֹֻһΣǺܾ֮ǰ﹥ռ֮صһΡ죬г˾
ĳ֣˵飬غ칬Ĵ¡
ʲôˣ
ʲôǰ涴Ѿݻ٣ѵʲô仯
λſ򸱹
Ү긱ƹ칬Ү긱Ҳӱ칬
򸱹˿Ү긱ֿ˿ڳλ
桭򸱹촽š
˿򸱹ı飬ͷҲĳء
ôˣϵ𣿻ǵ洫Ѷˣϵʵ
򸱹ҡͷ
׳ʲô飿
һ
ֻصڵķˣ򸱹ڽ˵˳
棬칬һһֱ򹬱ֻصڡڷţ򸱹Ӧ淨Щǰ鿴һͱˣֻصڵķȻˡ
£ķǲѵġѣ˵Ѿˡ
顣
ǳƺƿߣ޾ľͷ֮һ
칬ƿǣʵ䣬޾ڣʲô˻Σգܹвأ
򸱹տ淨ѵʱһӶûӦ˺ʱ䣬ȷԼûпţ칬졣
򸱹˵仰ڳ˶һӴסˡ
֪칬죬϶鷢û뵽ǵ淨ѡǶ֪淨̺˼


1972 ƻ
칬ڣˣ
ˣһʱ䶼޷ţҲ޷¡
칬޾ռ֮һǺ칬Ķ롣޷ûеڣ칬Ժ
У˼Ҿʱ䶼칬ڣܵڲ칬ڣ˶ôʲôΣա˵Ҷûһ䡣
׳ʲô飡׵˻ˡ
һʱ䣬칬˲ķ飬ͱˣڻдԺ칬칬ΪĵӾԣҲȶڻ޷칬ϵԡ
ʱ䣬ȷʵѹ֡
Ȼѹ֣ȴûκεľΪе˼ڡЩ⣬ֻҪȵȫӭжˡǽ죬򸱹ͻȻ칬ҹ󣬸˵ֻصڵĵ淨ˣ
޾УʲôΣգܹõ涼޷ӦŮ洵
棬޾ǿĳƺƿ֮һˡ㻹һЩ൱ĴڣЩҲõ䡣мƺƿֶԸ棬ӦҲӵܹѶ칬ڵ˷ʲô顣
ǣĿǰΪֹ칬֮ûнյ洫κѶϢϢ䣬ķˡ
ʲô
λҮ긱۾ˡ
飬ǶѽܡǣʵǲԸܣҲýܡ淨飬Ƕ֪ζʲôĿǰȻȫȷѾɣҲò׼Ү긱˵
˵ܰٷְȷɣʵÿ˶֪淨ʹŵɡ滹ţǱشֻʣһ˿ϢӦò顣
Ү긱˵û治ڣ칬ֻܿˡǣ򸱹ͷ˵
λҲǿصĵͷ
ɣ칬ܿ鷳ˣһ㡣

޾УһεĿռ֮ڡ
ܲ
ϣھ硣ڿռ䣬ǲܱ̽鵽ǳƺƿߣ޷ҵռ䡣ֻڲԱ֪νһռ䡣
һգһӰӳ涴гڿռĳ֡һ̤㵽֮ܲڡ
ˣһƺƿߣ޾ͷ֮һ
ˣ
ˣ
ִһֺ뽨ڣеһӰվЩˣĸ͸Զƿ߲Ρ
ȻǶǰۼһڣŵ
ţͷУȴо˸
׼һ£ƻԿʼˣתĿɨڳÿһˣ˵
Ļڳ˶һһȫ
ˣǺ桭޸˿
ûϼһѾˣϼһӲ֧ŵ죬Ҳû뵽ƻӳǧ꣡ҡҡͷ˵ЦӲҲûãչ黹ˡûк棬칬֧ż죡
ޣ㽫Ϣ߹޸˵
ǣӦ
Ϣܿ㴫ݿ
칬֪淨󣬶Ԥе²ǵȻ̽淨鴫ȥ
߹ںܶʱϢ
޽ɽ
һϮɫ۹ͷӣվɽ֮ϣĿ⣬иոյõһѶϢ
ôܣ
۹ͷӣ޽ɽɽƺƿ߲ǿߣͷ֮һ
ոջһϢЩš棬൱εĴڣôͻȻȥ֮ǰһûĪͻȻˡ
ǿߣôϢȥ
ϢԴǺܿɿģܳ
̽ɣôͷ˫üͷһһǴȥ
޾ĳأ
ԭһ̶ײʥȹӢȻ۾
ĿУһ
һ̶һˮƿ̶棬𡣿µܲؼӿ

ܰɣȻϲߣֶμ࣬ó˭ʲôطɣ
Ӣ˫üӰһŤ˺ɫĺ̶һ粽˺ѻ磬涴һ̱ǻصʥ֮ڡ


1973 Ʈҡ
ˮ񹬣һϮ׳ȹ»Ϣ
»ü΢壬ϲһ㺮˪ոյõϢ칬ĺɡԭڻԵ˵º󣬱̽涴صˮ񹬡
ˮ񹬡޽ɽʥȺͺ칬ܲռ֮ءռ֮ҲǺܴģĴռֱڶķĸռ֮УˮǱȽģˮ֮ڣǿ߶Ůԡ
ˮ񹬽ȺλһƬ֮¡
»صˮ񹬣̽ˮƿ߲ǿټԸйע綯
һƺƿɣⱳ϶ʲôοɵ˻ǺĻͷ
ЩռһʱõϢж֮⣬ѩ׹ȶĻȣҲһƬӿ
ɣô޾Ҫˡ
޾֮УƺƿǺټġңÿһгƺƿɣ֮ľǻ𶯡
ңƺƿʵ죬һ¸Ͳ䣬ҪɱһƺƿߣѶǷǳġӹռ֮أûóƺƿ䡣ƺƿߣվ޾۷塣иΣգڳƺƿ߶ʵвΣʵٺ١
ΪϢ𽥴߹Щ׷𶯣ŻЩûмƿ߲ǿҲԤед¼
칬ܹΪռΪкĳƺƿߡûкǺ칬ƾʲôռƽƽ
ûгƺƿߵǿҲѩ׹Ρѩ׹֮УܹƺƿӲǿߣѩ׹ĳԨۡûгƺƿ߾ûУѩ׹ȵǿ˿վǲռϾͲһΡ
ں칬˵ǲˣǺ칬͸ˡһʱ䴦Ժ칬ûеһ룬Ź칬Ķֻ
ʱ䲻š
칬֮ڣλλۼһԽԽƵ
ӻжԺ칬Ϣ
칬Ϊռ֮һ޾УҲռźܶԴģһЩҵڶĿȡѾڶں칬Ĳҵ֡
칬ڽڰˣòȫˣȻ׷š
ʱҮꡢλҲûŵʱǽһѶϢݳȥЩǰ칬õǿߺԮ
ԮЧá칬ӦЩǿߺǺܶԴͺôЩǿߺԺ칬ӦҲࡣΪɵϢѾҲ֪ϣǰ칬͵ԡҲÿǣһ칬ֵסôͿܻתĿԸǡ
ԣЩǿߺǷԮ칬ϣ඼ȡȽϱص̬ȡ˼Ԯ칬˻ҲжҪٵȵȣԼøһЩ
һҪ飬칬ڵѶϢͬҲڷһѶϢңǿߺĴѶϢԷһͷƺƿֱӴѶϢ˭¶ӡ
֮칬ǳһַƮҡĸо
ʱľԣڹռչеϢ֪
õԪ͸󣬾ԵĹн޴󣬼յھŲСһαչأ׼һھŲȫա
Դ࣬лԪҶĸ񣬽ٶһǧ
һգ
Դ߶ŹУһطһҲ
䣡
УھŲ㣬ա
΢΢һԵ棬ɫ뵶Щɫ⣬ʵһ㸲ھԵļϡȥԾͺһɫһ㡣ɫУ̺ſֲܲ
ǿ
УĻ缶طԸŹе
ڣֻеӦöܳԽд󲿷ƿ߲ǿˡģȭͷɫ⡣
ԸоԼȫױȵ
ֻǡ
ȻյھŲ㣬һδĸоƺǷȱһЩʲô΢΢ü
һطȫݲ֪Ժת˶ٱ飬ƺѾ˹У˴ݻ£ȴԼľãطƺʲôԼδ͸ĵط


1974 綥ط
˴ݹУһֱԼԹδͨ͸֮ʼղȷʲôطûͨ͸ԣҲֻʱ¡
ֿʼɵơ
ѾյھŲ㣬ɵȻͣڵ㡣
лԪҶԴҲ㹻ʹãȻҪʼɵơȹУɵʵڹϸΪֲɵƣǷ򹥻һֱȽϴĹֶΣܹԶɱ˵ˡ
ɵƣǾԲطһУɵҲǶ缶ط磬ҲҲɵط
лԪҶɵٶͬ졣
ƹܹżǵõƬԪҶ༫ڹռ䣬Ԫ͸ԾƬҶһöʵһʮƬԪҶ
ǰյھŲУƬҶԻʣʮƬҶ
һƬԪҶԿʼ߲ɵơ
Ϊ缶طɵƵѶȺܸߡ߲ɵƣǸ߽ײΣѶȾ͸ˡ㾰̤ƿ߲ΣΪǿлԪҶ߲ɵҪܶʱ䡣
˽ӽ꣬ƬԪҶԲŽɵյ߲㡣
ڰ˲ɵƣѶȾ͸󡣾˴ݣóһۣҪյڰ˲ɵƣʹûԪҶҲҪʱ䡣
Ѱ˼һ£Ծ֮ǰԵѾͼͼһ룬Ҳʮ㡣
ʹûԪҶгԴԽͷǳ˳ˡʮʱ䣬㽫ͼȫգҲʮĲ㡣
ţԿʼķͼ
ǰǰ˰ʮʱ䣬Խʮ㣬Ҳǰķͼǰķͼ󣬾ҲһµͼҲһͼ
Ժ󣬾ֻҡͷҷͼġҲ˵ˣ˻ŵʱ򣬲ûܽơͼֻһûеõ֤˵ͼֻһܣηӳܣڷϵͼûн
ͼҪԼȥҪʱ̫ˡ
кͺɵƣǺĴطʱȷķֻҪ·ȥռɡͼͲˡ
ԸоԼҪͼǾ㽫ԼʣµĻԪҶȫõ¶ԶԶεķƵѶǾ˵ġҪ֪˶ûܳ˴˶ʱ䣿ǶΪλġ
ãֻʹûԪҶҶЧȥƣȻЧʺܸߡФȻô̫ݳˣĻԪҶ޾ġԣԴԺ
УھŲ㣡ɵƣ߲㣡Ҳʮ㣡
ҵļǿֶξˡ
մ˴ֵ϶Ǵﵽ߲Ρڴ֮ϻиߵĵУҲ޷ȥѰ󣬶ҪԵ
֮
ĿǰֶΣִ֮⣬ͨѧϰ˵ԼĹֻл֮ҵĻ֮ȷе˵ط֮ܺǿɶΪںϴطܴﵽܡ
ʱ򣬴ԼĹطˡ֮УĿо˸תѰ˼š
ЩƺƿߣÿһԼĹط
ɵ棬ĺɵơһ綥ط޽ɽˮ񹬵ȵԼĻ綥ط
κĳƺƿߣҲԼطκԼطоյҲǻ缶طһּԵĹط۹ȺɵƵطֻϿҪһЩҲ״ڸ
߹ڵһЩ缶طǱȽױģγһǿһطѱǾͲطΪȥγһǿ
Ҫһطһ˵ѶȵȻǺܴġԾڵͨطǲѣҪ缶طͲתתӾͿˡ
ڣСʱѾʶȥԼĹֶΡֲܴ֮ڣôҲһΡԻ֮Ϊ壬һطԾ׺ܶࡣ


1975 ѶŮ
Уط༫ࡣ˵ƿ߲ǿˣǵؾʵ⣬Ҳطֻܾ˵ˡ
ͨǣԽطӳ̶ҲԽߡɵһඥطͷǳӣʱҪ˵ĲϡԴ
һطӣҪֳʵҪܣҪѶȡɵֻ缶طȻҲܸӣܹģƹ˵طǳ㡣κ֮ľյ֮طȻҲ󣬹ɵƵطȣӳ̶Ҳǳˣȥ鳢ںķѴԴ󣬿Ҳﲻ̫ߵĲΡһطֵȻԾͻһЩ
ڴ㴴طĴܴԼһЩطҲ⣬øܵõԼĴСҪط⵱ȻǺ׾顣
Լչأ֮ѾһΣԾһȥơҪ缶طҲǳϦ֮ģɡ
չ
֮Уվ׽С
Ӷ׽ӰʱڷֶռӴԿӰֵܳĹŤЩŤĹߣ򵥵ǿռ䱻˺ѡĽâУ΢Ϳռ䡣
ʱ䣬һֱǰУڴطǰ߳һ
֮طѾҪȥơ볹ƣʱҪΪλġ
ĿǰĻ֮ܲǿڶԵеʱ򣬿ԽɵơеطֶС
ৣ
Գ˷䡣
αչأʱ䲢㳤ȴǼ
СˣԸճ䣬˱˾Եǰ
ϸ硣ԶԹЦЦ
Сˣгˣ¼ٱࡣ
ţ΢΢һ
ù˵Ĵ£϶СˡԵĵһͷǣĪʲô
Сˣ֪Ǻ칬Ա칬ĺ棬ƺˡȻ֪ʲôطΣգϢӦ޴˵
Ϣ֮ǰ޾дռ䷽޾شϢҲעϢʱ˾֪£ΪһֱչԹûдžԣֱڳء
ʲô˵ĻϢһɫˡ
ŻΪʲôȴû뵽˵£ȻǺɡ
ûм汾ˣǣڼ棬Լµһ˿ӡǡԺӡǺܴȰĳߣʵ죬վ۷Ĵڡ
ԻûͻȻɡ
ôܣ
ǳƺƿߣǿĳƺƿ֮һôͻȻɣǱԪ˧ǿΧӦò̫Σղǡ˿ɫЩ
СˣҲǺԺʵ޾ȷʵûжΣܹвϢӦġСˣ㲻ϵһº칬ˣʵô¡ž˵
ԶԣԻȻĵ˵ͷ
ȡ칬ƣѶŮ
칬ƣڻκεصдѶǰԱκ׷ɱǲҴѶ칬ǲܡʱµǱ̽ѶϢӶȷԼλáڣȻõһˣ֪ˣҲ޷˵Ҳеɱռ
칬
Ů洵Ůһ֮С
칬֡칬ڴĵӳԱҲ֪һЩϢ
ͻȻŮ洵вȡƲ̽
ţ
ԵĴѶŮ洵˫ü΢չһЩ
ǳƺƿκҪץԣþԲòߺŮ洵Ҳһֱû뾰ϵ
ԣŮ洵ʵ
Ůң˵
ԣôͻȻѶңǼ£Ҳ֪𣿲УжϴѶȻ̽ѶϢΣˡŮ洵ٵ˵
Ů㲻õҡڣڹռ֮ڡЩˣǼӣҲҵռҰŮҸոյõһϢ˵ɣⲻİɣԴѶ˵
仰˵֮Ů洵˳Ĭ֮С
Ů洵ûн˵жʱһ¡ʶ濴ǳˡŮ洵Լ˵Ӧ̷ϲǣǳĬ


1976 λ
ͷ
ŮʲôԴʡ
ԣֻصڵķǰͻȻˡܰٷְȷѾɣֻǳһЩ⡣Ů洵˵
һ
ѣ
ѾʹѾ䣬黹һ˿Ϣ棬Ѳǡ
Ů˼ҾʲôôͻȻ䣿УʲôΣ޷üдűߵ
ԣ֪Ҳࡣң칬֪Ķࡣ淨ͻȻѣ֮ǰҲû칬κϵŮ洵ε˵
ԣôڹռ䣿ǰ㲻ǲڻ𣿡Ů洵ʵ
ǲܽռģһ룬ͻ⵽鹥ÿһޱǿʵҲƿ߲ΡԽռ䣬᲻Σգ
û£ŮһֹռطУõ˻ԪйϿɣܹռ䣬뵣ҡ
ֻǡɣ칬᲻ʲô鷳𣿡Щĺ칬
칬ڣλڣֻص򹬱Ȼ治ڣ빥칬Ҳõܷɹңһʱ䣬Ǻ칬Ҳ෽ϵʽʱûʲô⡣棬ʱִܵ칬Ů洵Ӧ˵
ԣռطУáôʹڹռ䣬ܰȫҲҽռ䡣κ顢ռǿߣռ䣬Ҳֻһӻҡ飬ɲڻеĵλŮ洵˵
ţס˵
ڽ̸һ󣬾Ů洵жͨѶ
Խ˫ü
£ܸоЩԡУûйϵ
ĺݲ򵥣˺أԼĺﶼй˲̽£ϧδȷݣ䡣ԸоͻȻ䣬п϶Ѳ˸ϵ
ڣûκ֤֤һ㣬Ҳ޷ó֤ݸڶ޾е飬˵ﹴᡣ
СˣΣھߣѾ칬ϵʵ
淨ѣ׶༪١ҡҡͷ
˵ҲͲٶˡ
칬֮ڣ
λ
ţԴѶңšŮ洵뾰ԽѶ󣬱Ǵ߶ϵ칬ڵλƿ߲顣
ţ
ԴѶˣڻɣСһﵨӹ󣬾ȻҴѶһ˵˵飬̲סѶġŮ洵ǧҪ뿪ҲҪٴѶˡҮ긱˵ԴѶ¶ϲá
ԶԣþԺúòţ
ϼһǰ˽ѰҾټûǶԾԵĳޣһ־ڣܻܿԶ֡ϵҲ˵
λüþԺúòű
λĿǰѾڻ˹ռ䡣Լ˵˹ռطõԪϿɣռ䡣Ů洵˵˵
ʲô
ȥ˹ռ䣿
̫ˣڹռ䣬ǾûˡǺϼһôɱԡб£ȥռ䣬Щ᲻֡Цһ˵
СӣȻдˣȻܹռط
ԻŲҽռϢں칬ƺǱɢһЩ
οռ䣬ܲڡ
ˣһҴǰ
һֱһ֮۵ıǰ
ۣ֮⼸һֱڼ칬δжϹ
ţԭ΢е۾Ǹ
ˣ̽鵽ˡǾԣڸղŴѶغ칬˷ܵ˵
ţСӣվͲסˣãܺã
͵վ
ȷСλӦһֱڻǰȷλãѶص칬֮λ𣿡ʵ
֮һǳı̽棬޾ǿıҲֻ֮ص൱εĻ綥ⱦ
ѾλãֻǡЩɡ
ʲôλãСƻúܣܿѾʶԼټ¶Իٴ뿪λãҪԳ֣̽λãɱĿɱڵ


1977 ɱ
ȷλú󣬺ֱӽ涴پڵص㣬ٶȽɱ
ɫȴЩ̫ÿ
֮ȷʵѾ˾λãصЩ벻ͨ
ˣ칬Ա磬ǵ֮ȷʵλáǣĵصȴڹռ֮ڡ˵
ţ۾һɡ
ǰĸϢжϣӦһֱڻǣôͻȻ˹ռ䣿
ңôܹռ䣿Щ飬ԻûκκøСһлռ䣬ռǿ߶һᱻ
λȷˣ
ˣѾȷϣ֮ûгôԾڹռڡͷ˵
֮޾ǿ֮һĿԼءȻ֮ȷڹռ䣬ô㿴ȥ浫ҲӦʵˡ
С쵰
ôܽռ䣿飬ѵ׷ɱɫɻ
ڹռ䣬޷ˡҲ޷ռ䡣УҲһЩȫƺƿ߲ɱġң鶼ʹʱ֮ţֻҪڹռڣɳκεط˲λõġ
ɱС鷳ģҲû취
ʱֻȷŹСˣ˿
ʱţֹ˼ʮꡣ
һգؿռܲ
ĸǰǴȺﾳ顣
λ
ΪһգѾ̫áڣǵļƻڿڽտʼʵʩˣ
Ժ󣬻н޺칬ռΪʷԺĻ磬ֻĴռ
򵥵˵˼仰ֱۻӶ
䣡
λͬʱ˺ѻݣ涴Ⱥﾳ涴Щƿ߲Ҳ֮롣뿪ܲ
Ⱥ˴ӳ涴ʱѾռ֮ءһȺˣź칬ٳɱȥ
ˣˣ칬ٵı졣
ͻȫ̾ۼ
ӵ淨֮󣬺칬ΪСģǶ
ŴȺǿ߽ռ֮ʱ칬Ҳ̾͵õϢ
Үꡢˣɫޱȵء
ʵԤϵôһ졣ɵһĵ˻Ǿòšɱˡ޾Уռһս
λû·򸱹ڳˣͳ˵
ٹƬ̣˱ִ칬֮⡣칬ûеڶѡֻӦսһ˵˼δ֪ػ칬ֻЩˡ
Ǻ칬ڻ꣬ҲǺ۸ģǺҪ칬ǻڣһλ˵
ս٣ɱ٣
ϻ쵰Ȼˣ϶׼Ǻ칬Ҳ¡칬Ҳô򵥡ϵ˵
ѾѶ棬ܸܿҮ긱˵
ţϢ֪ͨȥɣ칬ﾳӣܶҪս׼ǵĺ칬򸱹˵
ܿģһϢں칬
ﾳ칬ӣһϢ󣬶Щңб㱻ŭ⡣칬ĵӣʵҲٶ֪ˣҲ֪һʱԺ칬ԽԽǿơǣܹϵ칬ˣĲࡣԵ˵Ѿڶǿ߽ռ֮ź칬ƽʱ򣬺ܶһӶûзӦ
칬֪ڶǿ߽ռ֮ź칬ɱռ֮صռҲ֪¡
޽ɽʥȺˮ񹬣Ϲע¡Ժ칬֣޾Ĵ¼
ĶˣʥȹӢ˫ü
޾磬ҪޱˣӢҡͷ칬ܹסס칬¾ҪΪ޾ʷеĳˣ
ˣҪ칬ʥȣĲ𣿡һʥȵƿߣŹӢʵ
ν룿ǺѾջʥȣһս칬֮飡Ӣƿһ˵
칬Ԯһ˵
ǲܲ֡Ǻ칬֮飬ǶԸü


1978 ѻ
ˮ񹬹»Լˮλƿ߲ǿߣҲۼڱ֮µĴ֮С
ˣѾ˺칬֮⣡һƿ߿ſռڵĻ棬ü˵
⻭Уʾ칬Ρ칬ڲвػˮ֮޷칬ڲεģǿԿ칬֮龰
ŴȺǿߣۼں칬֮⡣
ˣ칬ܹס𣿡һƿʵ
ֻǡѵģˣơû㹻İգǲ׶ֵġ죬Ȼ˵˺칬⣬˵ȫ׼칬׶༪١»ҡҡͷ˵
칬ĵסˮĲ𣿡һʵ
ţֻܿšǽ룬ֻĻսңûкʵɽ롣칬֮ìѾܾˣˮֱӳͻ»ٴҡͷ˵
ͬģ޽ɽҲǲΣҲ칬ս
ռս߹У󲿷ͬˡֻѩ׹ĳԨۣûκγɾͽ˺칬Ԯ
ֻǣѩ׹Ժ칬϶Ԥϡ
칬֮⣡
֪˵ˣʲô˼Ǻ칬򸱹Ӱֶңңźˣʵ
򣬺αضһأЦһ
򣬺칬³Ҳ˵ӦҲԤϵȻ޷ı䣬ֺαظ翹أ磬򿪺칬󷨽ƣԹܽǺ칬ԸĻȫԻġԸҲܵһ˵
ǺǡЦƺƺԶ˺칬ֻǣҪ칬±еҪѵöడȻ칬֮ڣֻصܣӦҲ֪һ
ֻصȷʵǺǿıҼȻˣȻὫֻصڡ칬ֻֻصزסġ۾Ŀɨ칬⣬˵
ৣ
ʱһɫӰŤĿռֳ
һͿߣǻɫ¡
պյ棬޾ϵռǿ֮һ
Сޣʲô֮󣬵һ仰ʺҪʲô
ȻҲռǿߣȣˡкСޣҲ͡
ɫ˱䡣
棬Ǵ𣿴£칬֮飬һɢޣαۏˮأ˵
֣ɫ΢ֱ仯̬ƺĳ֣û⡣
ȷʵ֮ǰԤϵܻ¡ڻУǱȽϻԾɢռǿߡԼûнκһԱȽĵĳƺƿ߲ǿߡ
Ҳûкܶ칬λöԵǺ칬ҪԮĻֹͬ칬ս
˼Ҳ뿴ٴ޷ƵĻҡ磬Ѿܴˡǳս½֧顣磬ܲ˸ɱˡҽͲܿ칬սԹۡҡͷ˵
棬´ɲˡ죬칬𣡡Ȼ̧ߡ
ΪǸҳ֮£ܸ칬Ƥ̧ĿһŷϵĻɫϣһƬɫ·
칬ڣڶӣֹһԺΪ׵ڶǿߣú칬ڲӶͷ쳣ءڵĺ칬ûռǿȷʵûе
˼֣΢΢ɳһĿϣ
£ûˣ
ʱһͻȻţԶ˵ϣռͻȻѿ棬߳һŹͷӡͷӣȫһϮۡһ֮߳·𱻻ǣ¶֮Ȼߡ
ѻ棡һ
ˣǹϳƺƿ֮һĶѻ档ѻ棬ͬһʱռǿߡֻ治ͬǣѻڻлһζѻ浱﹥ռ֮صʱ
ѻĻ΢΢һ


1979 
ѻ治ͬʱĳƺƿߣʵҲѻǰ¶棬칬ѻͻȻȻɺϡ
칬Ү긱˼ѻý
칬δѻȣǺ칬룬Ǻ칬޷ϵλѻ档Ȼ칬ûȣѻƫƫڴʱԵɾԶ׼ˡѻ棬̫Ϊֹ칬ѻĳϲ򱧲ƽǿߣǵֿܣǶѻ䵭ˣȷʵֹԺ칬֡
ѻˣȷʵܾûˡǵһμ㣬ڰ֮ǰ죬濪˵
ǺǣҲûʲô¡ҰæҾˡѻЦһ˵
ѻ仰칬б㶼һ¡ȻǱϻ쵰ġ
ѻһʲôӦҲ֧飬ﻢѵ뿴һ𣿡˵
ѻҡͷ
һ£ѻ˵£ҵȻ뿴Խ죬õĽҶ֣¡ţ㲻֣ҲԺ칬֡ҪֹҲֻܳ֡
Ϊʲô
û취Ҫһ顣ѻҡҡͷ˵
ѻ˵Ҫ飬ôʵҲ˵Ƿһ飬첻ò档
ɫӵĿ˺һֿۣ칬ˣ̾Ϣһ
ѻ˵Ϊ飬Ǿͺˡֹѻض֣Ȼǲɱ顣ѻսһĻͲڶʱڷֳʤԺ칬ﲻʲô˴սֻӻĸ
ĿǰõĽѻ涼֡
Ү꣬Ҳ˶ѻĻ£޷ˡ濴ź칬˵
Үɫܸӡ
Ү˿˵棬ס
Ү޷˵ܲҪ֡˵漴֣Ҳ޷ı칬ʵ⡣ѻ棬͵ս
棬ܲ£ҺԼ顣칬֮һһݴ˵
ߣһ
ķӦҲΪ⣬ֻǺٺЦһͿ칬ˡ
ҮꡢҸյʱ俼ǣյʱ칬Ȼڤ粻飬ôͱĺˡ˵
칬յʱ俼ǷͶյʱ칬Ͷ칬󷨽ƣôȺǿ󣬵ʱ򣬺칬ض˲ءֻص칬Ҳѵס̫ʱ䡣
ʱ޽ɽʥȺˮ񹬵Ҳڸܲź칬֮ľҪֹһΪ칬ϣˡȴû뵽ѻͻȻ١ûæ칬ٴԵơ
Ȼжȫ׼Ҳǵˡڣܻ칬֮⣬ºҵڶƺƿԸΪ칬սˡ»ҡͷеĿⶢŹռ¶Ļ档
ѻ棬ôǷº飿黹ܴ󡣺ˣ湻صġΪһ죬´ӺͿʼ׼ˡʥӢʥڣҲҡͷ˵
ͬģ޽ɽɽһƺƿߣҲпһ䣬û뵽¶Ķѻֱӽ칬ս
ҪͶ룡칬սһˣҲͶͣͶֺˡ򸱹ŭȵ
ѼӲ
һЦзĶſˡ
ˣԨ۴żѩ׹ǿѾռ֮ˣŴ˵ȫٸһ˺ߣ˵
Ǻǣ֪ռƻ£Цһ

ಡ
Ԩ۴ѩ׹ƿ߲ǿߣͨĳ涴ִռ֮أж
֪ŴȺǿ߽ռ֮ش㸲칬ʱ̼Ϲڵļλƿߡ󣬱ͨ涴ռ֮أٶź칬
ûʱ䣬Ԩ۵һƿߣͽ˺칬ܲ


1980 
ھԽ޾֮ǰѩ׹칬Ҳ޹׽ĹϵΪԣڵĳԨ칬ߵúܽ칬ҪԮʱ򣬳ԨۼûκεԥͳɾʹӦˡ
ȻԨ֪ڸͲں칬֮ڣȻѩ׹ھƿ߽ռ֧֮Ԯ칬
Ԩ۴˵򸱹Ⱥ칬ƿ߶¶֮ɫȻҲ֪ԨȻʵǿᣬȴվṳ̂ƺƿߡѩ׹һ칬ĲپͲôˡ
Ԩ۵սڿ򸱹֮ϵġҮ긱ԨɱӦҲ΢ЩԨۡԨΪӽƺƿߵĴڣսȷʵ׺úܡɱ֧Ų̵ʱ䡣
Ԩ㻹ˣųԨۡ
븲칬ҿɲԹۡڣǺԸԨ۰˵
層֮⣬ԨŮ洵ɱ·硣κʵܱȺҪһƺƿ֮ҲǺܴ󡣾ǺĻͷҲѹκĳƺƿߡ
˵桢ѻϳƺƿߣʵҲκǿ̫ࡣκв棬Ҳ㹻ݲȵ뿪
𣿡΢΢һЦ
ɣ
ǺǣȻѩ׹ĳԨҪһսǾáһսѩ׹ǿļƿߴԺ󣬿ֻܾʣˣ
Хһֱۻ裬һӰȻ֡
ţԨһ
칬ˣͬɫ䡣
ˮ񹬵ȼռǿߣעһսЩƿߣҲڸܲ˺ȻֵȺˣüͷҲ
Щ˺Ȼ֣Ȼ֮ǰǲںռ֮ڡЩˣҶİߴеȡң˾ȵĹǽӽƺƿ߲εǿߡκһˣԨ൱
ǡԨۼλ΢΢һ㶣ŭһ
ԨǸˣȻܾ޷ȥˣԺѩ׹Ҳ칬һΪʷһĿ⿴ųԨۣ˵
ãԨ۴Цԣսһɣ
ȵĹֱԼȵĶƿߡʮˣȳԨ߶һ
ʱˣȻ칬ײĲᣬôͶְɣ΢΢һ񱩵ϯ칬˹
һֲѺ۳֮ϣݺ׹䣬ں칬֮ϡһѺۣ̺ܼȿֲ칬֮תֶݵ͡
ֻصҮ긱˲ֻ̿صӡ
һƬҫĿĹ⻪Ӻ칬֮ڶһ⻪ϣ嫵̺ܲԽƿߣﵽƺƿ߲Ρ
ֻص칬֮һ̣չֳǿܡ
ֻصܵĵ칬ʱȶֻص֮ܲ£ò˺һξ롣
ɱ
ƺ칬ɱǣ
ƿߣŴﾳ飬ź칬ȥһĻʣƣϺ칬
ƴˣ򸱹ȴ칬ڳ
칬ƿߣڿ򸱹֮ͬٳӭĳԱ칬˿治ֻܱĳԱǺ칬ֻصڶҲᱻơ
ԨۣҲѩ׹ǿߣȵǿսһ𡣳Ԩֳһ޴ĺɫһµĺɫ⡣ֻǣʮһ˳֣սһʼԨ߱㱻ݺݵѹס
ͶѻԶˣһҵĴս
ǼҡУѾû˴ģɱˣ
ʱһЦ󣬲ԶУŤĿռڣһɫӰ֡ˣǳƺƿκ顣層֮⣬κҪþԽڣٴγ֡
κϵܣһᣬⳡսܾѾˡκ鵽Цһ˵
һСµƬ̣ⲻǼʱ𣿺ֻֻ֣ܹصķʰЩ칬СһţŮ洵ЩѲʱ䲻ʵ죬ԳκһЦųɱеŮ洵


1981 Ʒŭ
Ů洵һս
ʵҲǼǿԼ򸱹൱Ů洵䲫ɱ·硣
κͻȻɱŮɫȻһ䡣ٶȼ죬սҲǽӽԨǸΣսƺƿߣ϶ǵֵס򸱹֣ǵӦÿԵסκ飬ɴʱ򸱹칬ڶﾳԱԱɱһ
칬ϵˣҲݼսи޷

Ů洣ܾ֮ǰ˵㡣Ǵߣʱ䲻̤ƿ߲Ρսվƿ۷Ρգұ˽㣡κӰ˸һΣͽŮ洵ķΧ
ȥˣκ˵
ǣǸһˣ뿪սȦź칬ȥ
κΪƺƿ߲ǿߣȻֶԸŮ洵ˣ޾Ժ󶼻Ц
Ů洵Ŀκ飬вɫƥڿռڷתܲ
κϢһ˫̯Ů洵ץȥ
ۣŮ洵æֵ
һν֮Ů洵Ӱˣȫ
죡
ϴ層ʱŹȥ꣬ʵкܴκ۾Ů洵
ٸһЩʱ䣬ò˶ãԨˣֻǣûлˣκ֡
Ů洵ֻȫֵӰбɡʱŮ洵ȫпƲסƣѪʳ
Ů洵ٻ
ʱ򣬿ֻصҮ긱Ů洡
ŮתĿ칬ܲڵҮ긱
Ů洵һٿֻصκ飬Ϊȡʱ䡣Ү긱ٵ˵
Ү긱䣬Ӻ칬֮ܲڣһϯκɱȥ
ߣκһ
ֻصĹܣκĳƺƿҲӣɱκֻʩչطֵһΡ
Ů洵϶һ칬ܲ
¡¡칬ܲҵϿգһƬӴӰ֣ݺں칬֮ϡ
Ү긱ٿֻص֧ԮŮ洵ֻصķ½һЩúĹԺ칬γɽϴˡ
Ů洽칬ܲæ̷һЩ˵ҩҮ˵
Ů洵ٿֻصȥκ飡Ү긱Ů洵˵
Ү꿴Ů洵չֳʵΪŮ洵Բٿֻص칬ĻҲܲٿֻصʵԽǿٿֻصҲܱԽǿܡҲΪʲôӿʼҮ긱ٿֻصԭ
κռǿߡŮü
û£ԿӦܵסһʱ䡣Ů洵ƶǺ칬ΪʵǶ֪칬ֻʱˡעҪҲҪֵҪ¾ǲܣҮŮ洵ЦЦ˵Ŀбŷȵս⡣
ţŮ洵Ҳ˵ͷ
ӹֻصͺ칬󷨡Ү긱ɳ칬ƺƿκ鷢
Ү긱ں칬һֱ칬⡣ҲǰչԼǿս죬ҮȻȥˡ

Ү긱ֳɫӶһɫſ
ţ
Ү꣬һֱصùʵҲﵽֲˣ벻벻칬еĻҪǿ󣡡κ鵲סҮһι󣬳Ծ˵
ҮսǴﵽԨǸΣҲƺƿ߿һʵ
ҮͲκ飬ǲϵ
սȷʵﵽԨǸΡǼˣҲֻܵסκһʱ䣬ȫ赲סʱ䳤ˣջǻܡ
Ů洵ܲڣٿֻصȫֵŵһȺ˹
΢΢һֳһ
ͬʱڹռľԣӦ΢΢һֺƳ֡
ŮԸӦŮ洵ԼѶ
ԣ칬ҪסˣŮ洵˵
ʲôһ㶡
֪칬顣
ȻҲע޾ش飬¸ոշҪҲҪһʱ䡣
ԣ칬ҪˣܼʱҲܼ졣Ҹ㴫ѶҪ㣬֪칬ƺһҪס뿪ռ䡣ֻҪڹռ䣬û취Ů洵˵


1982 
ŮʱԴѶѾǧҪΪ칬嶯
Ů¾֪칬󣬿ƲסԼ뿪ռ䱨ͻΣˡ
Ůϻ쵰Ǻ칬ˣ˿
ԣԣҲ˵ˡסǧҪ뿪ռ䣬ǳΪƺƿߡԣǺ칬ɫԱضܴﵽƺƿ߾硣㹻ǿΪ칬𣡡Ů洵˵󣬱ж뾰ϵ
ҪȫٿֻصֵĹֳһ뾰ԴѶѾܲףܳʱ뾰Խ
ԱӰһ˷䡣
ϸ磡Შ
ৣֵǰ
ϸ磬ʱڹ칬ҪϹȥԶԹ˵
ţҸոյõϢҪС˵СˣǷùս˵ͷ˵֪Կ϶Ӻ칬
⡭ãҡͷ
鵮ǵʹػԪھҪȥ֧Ԯ칬ǾҪ뿪ռ䡣뿪ռ䣬ԴȥΪ칬սȻΥռĹ
ǻԪռػߣҪսӦҲܳһЩˡǣԲô
ϸ磬²˳٣ھҪ뿪ռ䡣Լ˵
ãСһ𣡡˵ͷ
鲻һ˵ǾԵʹˡ澰뿪ȫû⡣ˣҲһֱŹڻ̽Ϣ
ûоܾ˸Լһߡ
ٴδ߶ɽųȹ˵һӶֱۣ涴Ź˿粽롣
칬֮⣡
ƴˣ
һ˺ѳգȫ񱩡ӰΪһ⣬һ
ǰŮ洵ֵĸһ෢
Ц֪ˡ븱ֹ֮£Ѿ;ƿݵĵزʱıҲ˵칬Զˣ
䣡븱һۣ˺Ĭģֵı
˵Ĺ谭ϡ֮ķѣɢ

ɶ񣡡
칬ϵˣĿ̣һĿѣ۾졣
Թ˲ϾͿƿΧɱҲ
һǵһЦ
ⳡսܿͻ᳹׽Ц˵
ɱתĿս
ȥԸϣȥɱףǸ˵
ǣ׵ȥ
׵ʱҲһɱ
칬Զˣ֪칬סˡ
ƿսϺףͬʱƿߵΧɱϺףҲ֧Ų˶þͻᱻɱиĺ칬ƿ߱ɱ칬ٶȣԽԽ졣
ѻҪź칬𣿡濴Ŷѻ档
£˵ˣǷҪɲҵıѻ˵
治˵
칬סˡ£һʱЩɱеƿ߾ͻȫսȻ󣬺Ǿһֻ֣صķʥһƿߵͳ˵
ǰս칬ĵĻԽԽ졣һʥƿҡͷ
ռҪĴռˣ
ʥȹӢŴڵĻ棬û˵κλ
޽ɽˮƿߣڸܲſĺ칬ƿߡ
ǣʱҲûҪ˼
Ԩ㻹Ҫ𣿡
ȵĹѾ˺۵ĳԨۣĮ˵
ϻ˵ҳԨⱲӾû¹˭ǿ˶࣬ңԨۺ¡¡
ԲѣŸԹȵƿߣԽԽ졣
ˣ
ʱսԵ֮УһƬռȻŤһ¡ţӰֶ
ˣǾԺ͹ˡ
ɶ񣡡Ըոճ֣͸ս
սκ󣬾̲סŭһ
ţԵͻȻ֣ڳ˶û뵽ġ
ھԳֵ˲䣬սЩƿ߲κͳƺƿ߲ǿߣ㶼̲ˡ


1983 ͷǵĲ²
칬֮ܲڵŮ洵΢΢һ֮Уǽɫ
칬ƣŮ洵ûдʱĻҡ˵Ů洵Ⱥ칬ľԱѾս׼ˡԣں칬Ҫʱ䣬Ƕûоʧ
ɴʱŮ洵Ը޷ƵĻˡ뾰ԵĹϵǷǳġͬһ档Ҳˣһ壬Ů洴塣
һ̶ϣŮ洵ԣͺĸ׿һŮ洵ûбֳ޷ԱɱġԸԼ澰Զ
ô
ԼѾҪ뿪ռ
⡭ô죿
Ů洵ޱȣûϵ˳嶯ǰԸӡǱȽصԸ֪ءΪˣŮ洵ŻᴫѶֶ˼䡣Ů洵벻ԾȻڵõѶ̾ʹӹռս
ԣߣܲġúڹռ̤ƺƿ߲ΣΪǱ𣡡Ů洵ԡ
ŮҾԣɲǵκ׷ɱʱľˡ޷칬ŮңԴӦŮ洵

Ů洵δüԴһЦЦģ
ʱһ˫۾ԶԶĿžԡ
Сӣ㻹еӡȻڽǰҵС㣡žԡ
һμԱˣԵһ۾ϳ˾ԡ
ϻ쵰Ҳź
Сӣ㻹ܲʲôʱǰ֪ڹռ䣬Ҫɱȷʵкܶ鷳ȻԼǺǣȻˣҲٷˡЦ
ԣôˣҮ긱ֵκĹҲŶݵĿ϶˵
Ǻ칬ӣ칬ѣܲҲ˵
㡭㲻Ǻ칬ϣţ칬ͻϣҲ칬ܾҪˡҮ긱ɫȻĿǱݡ
칬˿Գ֣΢΢һ֪֮̾ǰڹռ䣬ھǺǲ̫ٸߵĻᡣóһĳƺƿߡںǰѵ
ˣһ
ϳ˹ˡ
ڹ˸ոʱڳ˻û̫ˡֱʱ򣬲˾ڻǷǳ󣬵޾磬Ҳʶ١ٸڹߺܾãǻǿ֮һȻкܶ˼ˡ
ǺǣѾ̫ò¶벻лʶ࣡Цһ
ˣüŹˣղһۿˣһûӦ
뾰һôĪҪ칬칬ռ䣬ʲôʱϵôˣ
ռ칬ܹϵС˾ԣǺ칬ӡСҹٵȻҪһ˵ڳ˶С
ʲô
Сˣ
ˣȻоΪСˣʲô
ʲôʱɾԵʹˣУһֱڹߵ𣿹ɺ󣬹ƺ伣ˣͻȻ֣ȴƾΪСˣ
˵Ļȫ飬һ񣬾ò˼飬ţ
ԣٳΪСˣˮ񹬵»ü΢֮ɫ
ĪǣѾõ˴Уӹ˹µż򣬹ٲӦ÷Ϊˣ»˵
ԣ˷˼޾ʱ䲢ȴڻơˣд˵ġڿѾõżţҲ˹˵ĹУʥӢҲ˵
ԣѾУôڹռĵλɾ˲ˡЩ飬ӦҲԣѵǴŴ칬Ըֻǡо˵ӾУӦҲղ̫߲βǡ޽ɽɽ΢΢һ䡣
Щͷ֪飬һܱȡ޾Уûжأǻͷ֪ġ˵ż˵ĹУռһУЩͷʵ
ĳΪռػߣôڹռλͻܸߡһĹ飬Ҫ


1984 㴼
˶ԾԵС˳ƺҲһ
˲ʶ˹˵ˣôڹռλἫߡ
΢΢һεķ̿ӦաƬ̺źɵĿԡ
ӦУδиǿ֡
٣Ըְﾰ԰칬ɽԼҲ죡̽Ե˵
Ȼ´ͻȻ֡
Ϊ˸칬Ѿ׼̫̫ʱ䡣ôļƻضʧܡ⵽ش
˿˺һۣû˵
㲻ˡһΣֻҺ͹˹鲢δһһ۾Ϳʲô
Կ뷨εЦһ
ɱǣһ
ΪԺ͹˵ĵ칬Ľս΢ɻһЩźٴսʱٴαü
ˣȥԨϸ磡ԶԹ˵
ˣδﵽƺƿ߲Ρڹռλ֮ԺܸߣʵΪڹߺܾãоǻԪϵһ
Ȼȫ֣սҲǼ뺷ģԲȳԨǿ߲
ã˵ͷųԨλȥ
Ԩ۴ѩ׹ļƿ߲ǿߣǿǿΧԨ˺ۣƿߣҲˡû֧ԮԨ۵Ҳֲ̫ʱˡ
һ͵˳Ԩ۵˸
֣㱣ҪԨȻΧ˺ۣԼ߹Ԯʱǵһʱùȥԡ
ԨǼˣ˾ȹǹ˵ġԽ˹˴УôԾǹ˵ӣԨԸΪԶ
ԨϵܣͲҪСˡС˵ʵҪұ˳ųԨЦЦ˵
ţԨۣһû׹˵˼
ҵĲɱٴνȻ
˹˵İæԨ۵ѩ׹ǿѹʱȵĹԼƿߣ仹ܹԨ۵Χסȴڶʱڲ̫ɱԨ۵ˡ
˵˵ķȹҪɫöࡣ˳֣ǧɫз裬ֵܵסһǿߵĹ
ֹ칬
ʱҲԳֻɱԡǣ칬ֻصǳǿ뿪ʱֹͣ칬ô칬ڵŮ洵ܲٿֻصȥǿߡ
ǣһȫ
ʱ޷׶ѹס칬ֻصǺ칬ܲǺ칬ĵ̡
һɨ׽УӰ΢΢˸һֲսȥ
һֲս㴼һһȺﾳ飬칬ϵԼ칬ﾳ鲫ɱ
칬ﾳ飬Ѿ˲١ϵҲǷıԼȫƴĵֵ
ϵԼλݺݻӶ΢㴼˱һ㡣
ԣ㵽ڸʲôߣﲻҪ㣡عռȥϵǹѪ˵
Ըոս칬ʱ򣬻ϵһЩìܡԱ㹻ɫϵԾԵ̬Ҳ֮׸ı䣬˾칬֡
ȻԾԼɫȣֻþ뿪
ϵ㣡ԻӦһ䡣
󣬾Լ˵㴼ƥ㲻ɱĻˣ
ߣ㴼۾һ
ܵ㴼ɱԣֻһֱûлᡣ層֮⣬κƺƿԳ֣þԸˡ
СӣԼ㴼˿Ӱٺˣԡ
㴼ɱԣȻٹң㴼ϵɱһ۾Ժ󣬶㴼˵
û⣬ʮʱ䣡㴼һЦ
層֮⣬Ծͱֳܹƥƿ߲εսʱ㴼ԾԳֹʱȫûӾԣΪ־ɱԡһΣȻȫ㴼ɲһƿ߲顣
㴼˳ϵĲɱʮﾳҲ˳Ⱥȫվϵɨžԡ
㴼Ϣһ׽Ӷ


1985 ʵ
б׽Ӷ˲֣ɫɵڽâ֣ڻ̿
ϯâɨ֮ռ価Ťɻߣâ޷͸С濴ַֻܿΧһƬڡ
㴼ýС쵰׽ڶ̶ʱڱܳɳزϱضдܡ׽Ҫ̽ܡ׼ɱԵ㴼Ը˵
ǣˣ㴼ңңźͷ
֣㴼¶Цȵ
ʮﾳ۷Աͬʱɴܶ԰Χѹȶ
㴼ʮﾳ۷֮һɫ棬ɫӰ֡
СԹ־ܰɣͶٳԵͷ㴼Ц
ֱۻӶ
ֵĽâȻתɢٿ֮䣬ӵʮﾳ۷ߡɲ֮󣬽âϮ
ֻǽâʮﾳ۷ϣеĽɫƸ˶ݵʱ䡣ɫʧʮﾳ۷֮׹䣬Ϣ
һУգʱ֮ڡֻǱâһɨʮﾳ۷ȫҽûü
̫ˣ
쵽˶ûзӦ
㴼ڼǰ壬ʮﾳ֮ҪľԵսԻ׽ֻ뷨ոԺתһȦͿǰʮﾳ۷ȫӿ׹䡣
ô£㴼۾Ҳɴˡ
֪Եʵǿ層֮ڣɱﾳ壬һֹɱһﾳ塣ԵսӦһƿ߲ȡˣҲ˶ʱɱʮﾳ۷鰡
ңʮﾳ۷飬϶зǿıʮͬʱ֣γһֹط󣬼㴼ԼԳ֣Ҫɱʮﾳ۷飬ܶҪһֽš
Եʵ΢΢һ
ҲǵһμԱˣڴ֮ǰҲ˵ԡ層ݾԱּɫ޾ﶼ˵£Ҳ֪һֱҪɱԣκæ棬Ҳ벻½СһȻǿʵ
ĺɵƲƺѾյ߲ˡѻ۾΢Уͳ˵
ԵĺɵƣĿǰȷʵյ߲㡣ܹպɵƵ߲Ѿѵˡ칬ɵҲյ߲㡣Үλյڰ˲ɵơ
ڵŮ洵ӦҲ˵ڰ˲ɵơ
һʱ˶̵飬ո߽׺ɵƣ⼫˳Ծˡ
СһģȻѾ̤ƿ߲ΡǺǣ㴼ҪɱԣˡЦ
ӣȷʵһӡ뵽Ǹӣۣѻͷ˵
ԣҲ˵ͷ
ۣ֣žޣֻǺͻȻʧ涼֪۵䡣
Ͷѻ棬ԾھչֳʵҪ˵ˡ
ˮ񹬡޽ɽȼռĸ߲һžԡһ棬ɱʮﾳ۷飬Ϳɲһƿܹӵеġ
㴼ˣɱʮԱб׽ٴλӶӰ˸Ŷ㴼ӽȥ
㴼ԭǿٳԵģΪʮﾳ۷ʶľֹͣ
ԵֿԼж㴼Ҳɱŷ
СӣҵҪʵжǿ㴼йŹӶǿ֮
Կ㴼һЩɫӰǰ̿ܿ뾰ԽӴ
ֱֳ׽ݺݵһ㡣ɫӰ㼱ı״ͺһѼ⵶һ鶹
Ե壬ֻ΢ͣһ£Լٶǰ㴼۵ɫӰƺδγɶô
ôܣ㴼鶼Ҫɳ
˿ȫȫһйŹٻ裬ʱ̫ࡣ
ţԵı׽Ѿ㴼ǰ㴼йŹֵ׽׽Ľ⣬㴼йŹϣŨĽɫҫĿ֡㴼ϣҲŨ⣬ɫơ
ߣһߣд߶
ڽɫУ˿˿Ƶɫâӿ
ž㴼ǰ֮ѣݺݵһ¡


1986 ɱ
ڵͽʱֳɫΡнʱתΪɫ˸߽ײΣǱɫתطʱ弡Ϊɫ
߲֮ɵʱ㴼ֵܵɵתУ㴼ĸֶַα֮
µܣֱӾ͸㴼塣Ȼ䣬㴼㱻ƻ
ʵǿΣʩչĹֶΣһ˿ڣԽɱˡǿĵˣнǿֵֿͺǿ
㴼Щ飬ҪзطǿطޡƾҲǱһЩطķֶΣʵԼӽԼԼСĶ֣Ȼûκ⣬ɵʵԼǿöĶ֣Ǿͺӵˡ
УǿڶԵеʱ򣬾ʵҪǿһЩܿһ
֮â㴼е㴼Ŀ⣬ѸٰȥĿǴŲ֮ɫ޷žԾȻܹɱ޾еƿ߲УȽǿġǣھǰһͺɱ
㴼Ҳһº֮ѿϵƶռȱƮָһ㴼бﶼ
ɱ㴼󣬾ûֳֹͣȻϵɱ
һȺﾳϵɱѷѽ⣬ڵ㴼ɱԺΧɱϵ
ڽֵһοյʱһۣͿ㴼ѣ𡣶Ǿԣ㴼ϱѸ
һĻȫһ¡
ʲô
㴼ôˣ
ܣҲûǿټû˰ﾰ԰ѵǾɱ㴼Ǿôɱ㴼ңŽһʱѡʵֱǿˣҲ˶ʱɱ㴼

ˣ㴼ˣ̴߶
ڷ񹥻칬ܲûע⵽㴼ѾԻɱǸתע
ڵһʱ䣬ûӦʶǸ˵ʲôɨս㴼ȷʵʧˡ
սʶ㴼ˡԻɱ㴼Ḷ́ÿ˶ĿãֻҪкٲ˿Ǿͻ˽¡
칬ܲŮ洵һֱע⾰ԡȻҪȫٿֻصֵ̲סֳһ˿˿ע⾰ԣŮ洵ۿԻɱ㴼ġһĻŮ洵Ҳ
ڵľԣʵжǿ
ޤ԰ɣޤ
㴼ѾһޤԳޤͬʱҲ˵
ʱޤЩˡ㴼ĪȻžһлɱ㴼ʵ㴼ǧȷġΣ⾰ʲôֶɱ㴼ƿߡ
ϵҲһһ㶵ġоԸϿ뿪عռ䣬⻹ûʱ䣬ԾѾɵ㴼
ޤӰٺˡ
йֶΣ˭һԸޤһߺˣһԮ
ԼڲɱУҲ˲Ϣܹ˾ޤҲҪһʱ䷴Ӧ
ߣ
ûôףЦ
ޤٶȼ죬ûŪԵ⹥ֶ֮ǰȻðȻ뾰Խ֡
߶ʩչ
Ťռ䣬Ȼޤܽ١
ѾʮĹˣҲʮ˴һžŰʮһ㡣һͼľŲҲûɣֻһȱͼ
ʮжǿ
ԾڵʵȫʩչʮЩﾳϣ˵ųɾŰﾳ۷飬ֱӱﾳУǿ缶ģпֵܵʩչʮ
ʵƿߣ¶˲ܵشܼ£ӦܳԽһطֶεġǿ󣬿һз˲ʧЧʱն޷ڻе֮УҲΪµ˴ܼܲӰ졣
Ӵܵޤʩչǣٶ轵
Ǵ߶մһ粽͵Ľǰ׽ǰͱޤǰ˲ͳһƬγ˫ɫͼֵͱı׽


1987 ƺƿս
ޤ۹Ķ뷢ţ˫ּǰӶ
ǰ˫ɫУһּǿĻ缶طʩչܺ嫡
Եı׽ǰͱ˫ɫк󣬱оǿӿ·Ĵֲڱ׽ϣñ׽޷ǰС
ޤԼطס˱׽΢һЩǵʯ֮䷢飬ȷʵŵùǺһȻ٣ķٶȣԱһԽǰǷʲôͿ˵ĳԼ
ȫ߶ʩչطֵʵһǱʶΪǱܵұڿطܵסԹġ
ʵǿ֮ϣһ˶Ը˭ңޤס׽󣬱̴߶ȡ
޸Ӧ˵
ޱȵĳսȦޤ뾰λñƽ
У΢΢һ
ӿС̸֮£ǿ۳εķУޤϯȥ
ھԾޤҲҶѡ˶ݵľ룬ܼûκĵģȫޤϡ
ޤƿ߲ǿߣǱȽǿƿߣʱܳҲ㹻ǿ󡣿ɼˣҲ޷ȫ߾ԵСзޤʶ˶ݵã
ʶңطȻ޷άǿܡ
б׽һǿߵĹע֮£˫ɫУλֱӽޤ塣ֲӽĽޤ
ޤһҽС
㿪ʼѡޤ㴼ЩƿߣʵȽϴԾԵĽâûκαֵ
ڶˣԳر׽˵
ʱҪԮޤ޸ڱƽУδﾰԽڷУ޾ͿޤնɱḶ́ȫһĿ¶־ɫ
žնɱ㴼ʱ򣬺ܶûۿ̣˿ΪʲôıһξԻɱޤ˶ۿ̣ԸûóʲôⱦеӲ㽫ޤͱ
ʵǲƿ߲ǳԨǸƿߣҪɱޤ㴼˵ɡ
ѻ㿴𣿡
⾰Сѣ˲ðʵίʵЩˡȻûȫʹЩֶΣʵƣ˵ʱ̲סЦ
˴칬ǴֹģΪѻֻһԹۿԭΪ칬һҪˣû뵽ͻȻɱһԣʵ˵ľˣɱƿ߲ǿߣֱʲô
Ȼǿˡѻ濴һۣ˷˵
ѻҸо죬ܹסЩˡһҪԾԳ֣㲻ְɣҳ˵ǰ棬ҪǶԾԳ֣ɱҳ׷潫ˣҲȫԸ濴Ŷѻ棬һ˵
ѻҡͷ
£ˡιȻǻ飬ֹ㡣ܸܲ칬޹ءҴӦ飬ֹֻ֡Ҫ㶯֣ҾͲᶯ֡ѻ˵
˾ͺã泩Ц˵
ˮ񹬣
ԡƺûоȫ»й⻪΢΢˸
ɱ㴼ʱһֽк칬ĺɵطӦǵ߲ɵܡңͬʱʩչ˹˵ĹУӶһɱ㴼ƿߡ
ɱޤʱ򣬲δʹùУΪ浱ʱûɫתɵƵˣһޤطסޤͻȻʶ⣬²ȫάطܣþƿطһ̴塣˵깥ġ»ƲŻ˵
Ʋ⣬ʵܽӽ
㿴Եʵ״ﵽĳ̶ȣ㴼ޤƿߣɲͨƿߡڻƿ߲УʵǱȽǿġɱǣȻѴ֮ӡˮһƿʵ
ĿǰԲδȫΪʵѾԽ˳ԨǸΣӦܹȫƺƿġ»΢˵
»仰ˮƿߣȫ΢΢һȻڹ仰֮ǰǾԼĴ⣬»׿˵ǻǸеȵ𶯡
ƺƿ߰


1988 սκϹ
ڳˮƿߣĸ޷ƽ
ЩжˣԼǲ£޾Ужܴﵽƿ߲Σ
Ļ磬ƿ߲ж٣˵̤ƿ߲βҪ츳ԵҪʱȥѻ
⾰ԣжã޾һŶʱ䣿̤ƿ߲ҲͰˣսȻﵽռǿ߲Σ
̫ˣ
֮ǰ칬Ѿ᧿ΣͻȻŹ˳֣˳ƾΪСˣƲڹռѾӵкܸߵĵλԴһȺ֧Ԯ칬ضܡԾͱԼֻôҰ̾Ϊ˾ÿġ
ʱ˭뵽Եʵǿ
ˮˣ޽ɽʥȣҲŲ龰޽ɽɽʥȹҲܴжϳųƺƿߵսֻĿǰΪδȫ֣Ҳ֪Եսܴﵽôֲĳ̶ȡ
һЩʸϵƿߣ»ӢȳƺƿߣʵʶСʩչʱֳеɫ⣬ܶʵҲʩչط
Եһνż˹УҲʩչΣԨһֱûϳҪԭЩ˲֪ڵͽʱص㡣޾УȷʵҲмϡٵԵɺУǵδעġ
ɱ㴼ޤλԱһ±ơ
칬棬ȴǻ裬һܡ֮ǰǶΪ칬Ҫ군ˣܶ˶׼ˡͻȻ䣬ת䣬ܲϲ
ã̫ˣҺ칬ϣˣκ鲫ɱҮ긱Цϲɫеľԡ
ϻ쵰οʧˣȻҺ칬ʱڣҺ칬оԣ룬Ҫ͵ʴˣ򸱹ңңź˵
ԡٿֻصŮ洵žԵ֣ǰ
ಣޤԴӰٴһ
޸ȥ
޸Ҳʶ層֮⣬Լޱˡ
޿ԼϼⶼҲ
ûװ
ʵȻҪ㴼ޤȸǿһЩԨǸࡣǣɱһľŪ㴼ޤ̫ˡ
ô죿
ӣǶһ
ΪĸԾԵʱûУǿɾҪΪЦˡ
ֻǣҲûʱӻսˣʩչմ˲͵Ľ׽ԶԶľնһλ
ɶ񣡡޸ȫӿǿսչֳ
䣡޵ֵ֮
ֽȻͬĹڻձֲ˺񷡣޵壬׹ǵɳȥ
סԵĹ
ʵȷʵҪ㴼ȸǿһΡܾһûֻܱɱֻش³Ѫ
һҪ׷ȥһ
Сޣϴ層⣬ˡ죬㣡κƺƿߣӲ෽˳Ү긱
κžԳҮ긱Ȼں׷
۾κ飬΢΢
ռǿߣ
層֮ʱԼ㴼˶򲻹Ҫ˵ռǿˡڣɾͲһˡ
Լյ߲㣬ӹ˹żռõԪ͸ںܶʱյھŲ㡣ĿǰΪֹûлᣬĳƺƿһս죬κְɣ
κ䲻ǳƺƿеĻͷҲǻʵĳƺƿߡľյطǻ缶ط۹Ⱥɵƶûʲôࡣ
Ү긱ȥˡκ飬ԸԶ׷κҮ긱˵
ҮԵĻٶȡ
ھɱ㴼ޤ֮ǰҮ϶Ϊ仰ֹͣڣѾȷԵսԲҮ֮¡Ү궼ܵסκһʱ䣬ôԾĵвκ飬Ҳܻᱻκʱɱ
ԣȷ𣿡Ү긱ҪֶԸκ飿
Ү긱أȥ׵ǣκϹҾˡԶҮЦЦ˵
ԽԼϹκɫʱһڣڳرϣһȦȦɫӿ


1989 ֶ
ֻҫĿΣ˲Ϣײһ
䣡
Ƶľ֪Զ·綼ϣƲ֪쵽δҵϢϯһС
ĻȶһЩ󣬲ſԿԺκңңԵӰ
ţѾһΡֱֳ׽κֳյ
һν棬˶ûжǿʵֻǽһ̽
һ̽κɫüأʶԼԵĶҲǾԣȷʵӵвԼʵյֱۣԼĶһЩľ
ɶ񣡡
С̵ĹطѵѾյھŲ㲻ɣΪ֮ǿһν棬ƺûܵκӰ죬ûж÷κ鶢žԣмת
ȷʵûʹκη
˿µײУȫеķεײԾȫûӰ졣ھŲУþķ˿ڻ缶
˵ԵֵǲֵκҪɱԣҲ׵顣Ե壬Դݻ١
κϹƺƿߣѵʵƺҲôԿ˵
κʵȻǿԺһ㣬ô˵ΪľǾܼŭκ顣ƺƿߣһƢʵԽǿԽǿҲҪֶ飬κϼһǰԭӦӵСƫƫСԼǰҫûгƺƿܹȫ
СκӰ֣žԳȥ
תյܣ߶˼£һ缶طκǿֶΡУκ齫һط߶µĴĺ٣κԼǵһԼȫʲôʱˡ
ղ칬Ү꽻֣κҲûóٷְٵʵ
ڻУ齻֣ʵԽǿ齻Уһ㶼ǻزʵġκˣᵣԼеƱ¶ʵԽǿ֪ľԽ࣬ףڻиûռ
νռǿߣЩԳƺƿߵһ𾴳ƺ
ǿˣҲĪ˭ָ˵Լʵȹ˻ǿͶѻ棬Ҳϲˣ˶䣬˭ܱ֤ԼԼΣա
ԣ֮£ƺƿ߶ս׶ðٷְٵΪľǸԼ·
ʱκѾ˲ôˣΨһģɱԡʵּǿκ֪Լ֣Ǹвԡ
ɫĲκˮһƮյǰµĺâ̺ƿ߲ǿ߶̲סļ¡
ֱκһιۣб׽
֮ٺͳ
£˵Ľâɾ޴ĽӰͬʱԵ棬ɫ⸲ȫԶԶȥѾԵ壬ֻܿһϹ⣬ǹȫ߷չֳľ
Ǿ޴ĽӰУɫƣһͼ·ÿһâУһɵγɵͼ
֮ǾԼطֻǿܣܻǺǿҪɵطңҲеС
ϢĽӰХκȥ
ƣٴŭһ
κϹڣӰŻ֮γɵĽӰ֮
С̣г΢΢һ
ٿ۶嫵γεķУκȥ
κǳƺƿߣǿ̶ȣȻ֮ǰɱޤǿöࡣˣκҲȫߵԵС
κ飬Ҳ׼֪깥ʽӦ岻Եʱ򣬾깥٣ȫ΢΢һ¶֮ɫзһХӲסе͵ϮԼ塣
ƥȻ˲Ϣ֪еĹ
ʮʩչ
κӰٶȣʱ轵ǣǾתյĺɫƵĻȻޱȵĳԵĻ֮
ʩչҲûϣܶκжӰ졣ԸκεǿߣԸƺƿߣҪƾ𵽾޴ãǹƵȫհʮһϧҲû
ʩչͬʱԻתޱȵ˴˴ϢǰκͼӰκжϡЩֶΣӰκ飬޷ȫȫʩչתյʹֶܵΡ


1990 ն
ۣ
ھܣͻȻĺɫצЩצקžԵ˫ţҪקȥ
΢ͷüͷ֪κʩչһֶΣӦòطֶΡ

κ飬ȻȦԹ飬ѧϰ޵ֶΣ԰
ɱޣԹ޵ֶҲ˽⡣ЩͻȻֵĺɫצǴҲûͬطϢԎأǹ޹ֶΡ
ϻ쵰֪ɱ˶޹֮ˣŭ
ԹȦΣ֪Ҫɶꡣ

֮С̻Ϊһɫ棬ɫצϷתһȦЩɫצʱðɫԴС̣ԹĿЧ
ʱ򣬾޴ĽӰǾתյĻӴ
˺̶֮
֮䣬ǺɫĵĻӲм˺ѿ޴ĽӰȻҲɢ࣬Ȼڣǰ̡
κ鿴һĻ˶ˣӼɳ
ľתյȻ˺ˡ
СֶΣκӰٺˡ
Ӱ֮£ٶһ붼ûСطֶܹӰ죬Լ壬ȴ޷ȫѡ
Ȼ䣬֮ĽӰѾκǰ⣬иκĺɫ⣬ǷγɵĹ⻪Ҳ޷ȫֵֻ֮ܵܡ
ֻκ壬նϡ
κϰ°¡κƺƿߣնˡ
κ鲢δ֮ܣ͸κϰ塣κϱȻ࣬ס˻֮ܽһݻ
СϷû꣡һټڣκ쳹硣
İ壬ͻȻĺڹŷЩɫâ˷ɢٶȼ졣
ϹܣüӶ׽ڵЩɫâǣվвֺɫâ˳ȥʧ١
κıȷʵǳ̫̫࣬ãղظֶⱦﲻѰģֶζ಻ʤ㱻شջһ
ת칬ԱɱԱͫ΢΢һֱۻӶһնһ֮ǰش޸ǰͱԻɣκӲ෽סԣ޴ʱˡʱ˿̣κϹˣԵȻһʱͼ޳֡
޴ʱЩɵˣȻǼǿƿ߲飬Ҳ±ơκ飬ȻˣȻɱˡκ飬ǿǳƺƿ߰վڻĴڣ
޻عʱ򣬻֮ĽѾǰ
κ鶼סԵĻ֮Ҫ˵ȫֵˡһҽ֮˱㻯Ϊ촷ֻۣһƬЯı
ˮ񹬣һƬţ
޽ɽһƬţ
ʥȣһƬţ
ЩռܲڣЩƿƺƿߣȫ·ʯˡ
»ȼƺƿߣ֮ǰԾԵʵһжϣΪԻܹƺƿƥСǣûĻܳƺƿߣشκƺƿߡ
κʲôˣ
ڻУ»Ȼͷκ飬ҲƽƽĶԴκĳƺκϵܣҲһϵġ
ڣЩˣۿκ鱻ԵĳնκȻûֱӱɱʹĳⱦˣشʵƣ㲻ϧһдۻָҲ֪Ҫòָܻ
ֹ»ˣͶѻϼһҲӣĿתĿžԵӰ
СӣҪˣ
Եľ磬ȷʵδ̤ƺƿ߲Ρƺƿߺƿ֮䣬Ϣ϶кܴڳսʱ򣬲ֳ͸󡣿ɾƿߣȴشκƺƿߡ
ھԺճ֮ǰ˶ΪԨƿ߾ļʵˡƺƿ߿һƿߣȷʵӦþƿ߼ޡڣԸı˵뷨˵Ǹı˻йϵĳʶƾƿ߾Ϊն˳ƺƿߣǺεȵĿºεȵķ˼
ԳΪƺƿߣǿɱƺƿˣ
޾Уƺƿ֮ʵʵǺܴĻͷκսһ˵ֻѹƶ޷նɱġ
ɱ޸Էȥ
Ҳ˲ùֻصػĺ칬ܲˣȫԳסԣĸҪɱˡЩסһҪǣЩӲ


1991 춾
սʤƽѾȫź칬һб
칬ԭеƣ칬ֻܲص缶رҪȺ칬ǿöսſܹƺ칬
ھ֮ǰȷʵ޴ۿѵԵԨ۴ѩ׹ǿߣܿȫڴˡԵһ˾ںܶʱڸɵ㴼ޤλƿ߸ɱ޸
ˣһҲռǿκ鶼شˡش󣬼Щƿߵ˼ʼ˼ӰʿӶڽڰˡҲûŪĸ
ʱ˿̣˵θ칬жѾʧܡҪǵǣξܱµ
žԼٳȥֹԼ׷ɱƿߡɾԼɱȥƿ߽ɱ⡣Щƿߣûٶȿ졣
жңңĺ
ͷռ䣬޾粻֪¡
ԣ˫ĿŭǷŭ˼ޡ
Ϊԣһ
ж֮ǰѾضڡԨۣȵȣȫǵˣԵĲԭ˵һʧжΪأۿȫ̽䡣
ʵ޷󣬾Ϊǿսκ鶼նǱӴܡ
ô̵ʱڣԾģ
벻ͨͬ벻ͨ
̣λƺƿߵʵб׽΢΢һ
ৣϮɱ
嫽̿·綼⡣
ˣ嶶һ£Կ黯
޾Ϊóյĳƺƿߡ
ںǰĿռ䣬Ťʼ黯黯ٶȼ죬ǰ졣
֮⣬ٿصտռӴ֮󣬻֮ܵǿ޷ǰƽ
СҺͿС׶ʲôֶΡһжһɫĳ
ϣӿֳŨɫâɫâɢϢ
һ
ԿɫâУĳ״̹Ӵ֮Ļ̹ڵͺ񱻿ʳһ㡣
ùĶǰ칬ʱ򣬶ûʹֶΣصֶΡҲǴ㽫칬֮ʹֶοɱ칬ڲ顣ת
ԸܵǶ̺Ŀһ鵲סġƿ߲飬ӵ΢һ㣬ҲñɫԵ
Ҷ̹Զһ㣬ⶫп¾綾ǳΣգƿ߶Եֵ䶾ԡԴ칬гԱСĺɫ
ʵþѣ칬ҲӦЩɫĿ£֪ǶԲմȾȻ¶ܸ
СڣЦ
϶Ҵӳ𣬴޾磬Сǿһ·УʱȻҪɱҵˣ١ȻڻšǺǣΪƾֶܶԸ𣿡Цһ
ʩչ
֮ɫ޿κΡɫɢ죬ԾԴƶɢٶȣѰ취ڡ
ʮ߶һԽԽɫɢȻܵơɫ״ûй̶̬ٶȣȴܸܺЧɱ
С̣ԿҪСһ㣬ⶾܹŹ֣ܿܶ㶼в԰ԴС̹ͨ
С̷ֳԴ˲ϢɫӴԴӴĵط԰һСƬ
Եɫδúܺÿ
ΪС̷ֳԴȷʵɱһ㶾ǲԴҲ֮ЦݵˡҲ˵СܹɱҪͬھķʽôһɫҪȫɱĻСȫĵܳɱж
춾طüԶһɫ
ѻ̾һ
춾һֻ缶طݶ
ǰ޾һƺƿ߽档춾ҺΪǿݶĹֶΡ棬桢ѻԵʳƺƿߡʵҲǻڲ̤ƺƿߺԳ档
ţ춾ʵֻĻ缶ط֮һ


1992 Ψһİ취
֮Уһ˾ֻ缶طκĳƺƿߣҲһֻ缶طѡ棬Ҳֻɵơɴ˿ɼжߡ
춾طΪݶģһطɱ˷Χ̫ˣطʩչǷΧڣ˵Ǵݲƿ߲ǿߣųɾҲӲ
ȻʩչطҲԱȽϿ̣ҪһЩ䱦ġ
λԲݶڴ춾֮ܳһʱҲûʹطɱ޹֪ΪʲôʣԴ䣬ڻеɱˣ֪жƬ½鱻ɱһɶ
Ϊоƺƿŭ˵λƺƿлλԶŲδڣսɱ
ɣ춾ҲͳΪʷУҲټʩչط
û뵽죬ٴο춾һǱʩչ
춾桢ѻ涼ɫ⼸ռ䣬ͬ¶顣
޾Ϊصĳƺƿ֮һܹҵ˭Ҳ벻˾Ȼ˿µ춾
ѻô˵ӦûǣΪɣ濴Ŷѻ˵
ط޺û춾ȷʵܿ£ؼǿյˡ춾Դɱ޹ѻҡҡͷ˵
ѻ棬˵Ҳȷʵе
춾ֲܿ춾˲ʹãҲûʲô
Ͼⲻǹ޵ֶҪ塣
ѻ˵Ҳ˵ˡ
Сҵģһû㽫칬նɱҸıˡҪ칬
칬ţһһ춼һܲǲҪĺҪ־͹־ԣ¡¡
ɫɢ֮С
㱻Ӱ죬ȫסɢ
ˣС˵ⶾֲȫɢ칬ҪͿ̿ˣ磬ƴ˰ɣ
С̵˼ǣɫԺġ
УûκγɾͷС̵顣
ԾԲСΪۣɱһƬɫңɫҲĳֱɢططôС̽һƬɫȫɱǺǿԼʩչ
ԣԾСȥðաСȻԴԣ뾰Ϊһ壬ھС̾ǻĳֹߡ
ǡС̻˵
С̣ʱֻһ취Ŀ
ɫԴͷǺֻҪɱôɫȻͻɢС̽
ɫطֻҪ뿪ɫҲûвˡɫĳֱͷųģҲûʲôû˺ٿأа취ɢЩ
ֻǣҪɱҲǼѡ
ʵ̫ǿˣ䣬ͷóաԵѹҲܴ
ֻƴˣһҧ
С̣һᴩɫҽ붾еʱֳԴɫԶС̵
̫Σ˰ɣС˵
û취ֻԿˡֹǺ칬Ҫ군ˡ˵䣬Ӱ˸ɫȥ
ʱĺѾɫڲҪͱ붾
춾ǺԼʩչȻܿƶԼ˺
Ҫʲô˿ԵĶһ
ǿ춾ط
춾γɵĶӦԶԶÿǣɾھȻŶȥ
Ҫȥѻ濴˾Եͼ
ȷʵֹİ취Ҳ̫Σˡ붾Ϊ˵ֵʴ˺ֳܷüͷ
ԾȻ˶򣿡ƻü
湻ģһˮƿ˵
׶༪ˣ춾ط붾ҪֳܴһֵʴҲ˵ҲóһԺȴȫ֡ԣҪɱˡʥӢҡͷ˵
칬Ů洵ƿߣԵĶҲסŮ洵һЩƿߣʱܻûϳ춾ϵĻµƿߣʱѾ뵽춾
ãΣգ춾Ү긱˵


1993 Ӱ
Үˣס
Ƕ춾ǰû֪ģҲܸоطĿ¡ԶԶĿţļ£Ҫ˵ȥӴɫ
ѾɫӰȻûС
Գ붾ϲȻǺ
ٿ춾ط춾仯оΪġȻ֪춾ܵһֹӰ죬ٶȱû״£ҪԾγ˺ǲܵģΪٶȾͼ졣ڣԼ춾ǷΧⲻԼ
俪ģúܿŪԡ
ڶ֮⣬κβ㡣Լ붾һɱ𣿡Ц
ǳƺƿߣ붾򶼻ܵصӰ졣˹УǿᣬԶԱȽϸߣʵҲܷӳһһһЩʱƣֻԽԽ
϶Խ붾ԴСѾǰֳԴھԵܡ
Դ붾þԱ岻ܵʴΪСֻҪֳԴͿά֣ڶʱڣС̱Ҳ̫ΣաԵֲǺܴ󣬲С̷ֳ̫
СڣԵĸʵͲܵӰ죬Ҫ̫ںɫ͸ǹӳֵҲܹ⡣
ֻһǾʱ䡣
ʱ̫϶СС̣ǹ޷ֵ̫õʱ䡣
СܿáڶУһ߿춾һʩչֶιԡ
ϱΪһȷʵ鴫黯̫ˣѰ˼š
ԵĹڽӽУ㱻ϵ黯
Σ鹥層Щơ層ݵԣΪܹ߾ƿߵĹ層ȫûƻֻгƺƿߣܶ層ƻ
ΪˣҪݻһ層ݣҪƺƿֲ
黯層ֹŹַơմľԶȫͲ䷨
Уս
棬ƿ߲εǿߣҲܿӰƿ֮µ飬ȫˡǵ޷͸Ӵ̾ͻᱻ
Сӣ׺ģ
ڶУ֮ǿ
ҵҪάֹʱ䡣ΪСġ
֮Ĺ黯󣬲д治࣬ɺҲҴ⡣ԵĹ̫ǿˣκ鶼ֱնս
ʱһĹȥ
ļҲɱڼ
칬˫ԱɱƵǱСࡣԵĴݲкѾʵŮ洵ٿֻصɱЩԱѾ˵Զҿ칬̫ܲ
ѩ׹Ԩ۵˲ɱǿߣʱҲЩΣԨй˰æǶԳԨԵЩ޲ߡ˹ǿɷ̫ˣ޾һð


ʲôС춾򣬶ѹ˰յʱ䣬ôûܵӰ죿սûͣЩˡ
Ϊڶʵ᲻ϽͣտʼܷйɾԲӦü˰յʱ仹άǿֳֵʴӦͱڲŶԡ
̫Ծ
Сӣѵֶεֵ춾Щ
ڣҲܲܡ黯ȷʵǿǲϳܾԵȫѾܵܶδˡÿһƶ̫أۼҲܵġ
ʵùŹ֣ˣͬɻˣĿתžɱǵȻҲܿóԵսʱ˿ûн͡
Ӧð
ѻ㣬ǶսҲܵӰ졣⾰ԣʵǿϾǳƺƿߣյ˵ܵӰӦúܴŶԡڣôоȫ춾˵
šҺ񿴳һЩüĿ£ϸԵܣǲһתҲǹطеѻ˵
ѻĻһϸĲ鿴
Ƭ̺˿
ǣǺǿעĻǣЩɫӴʱ׾ͱڵͷ˵


1994 ʱ
Ͷѻ̸žתܾ档
ǵȷʵǿȴڵ춾طγɵĶЩѰζˡ
ƿ߲ȫֲҽһЩԵֵ춾Ϊξ浭ܽڣ
λԶųƺƿ߽Ƭ̣ҲûŪǾʲôûǶλûϳԴǵȻ֪Դ޾һЩȽϸĵʦ϶бȽϸ߼Դ˶Դİֵܹ춾Դɾûôˡ
ЩȽϸ߼Դɵֵ춾ҲͲܸô󶯾ôƺƿղɱ
Уʩչ춾ĺꡣ
Ҳûõİ취
춾ĵƣƣԾԷ·û̫ЧֶΣǺɱ˾ԡǾǹط㹻ͷ۵ġյھŲΣ̫ǿˣ򶼴򲻶
ɱ˰죬ԽԽأȻ
ҾͲţ
ԲܣԲ춾ԣСӣϿ϶ʲôıܹʱֵ춾ʴ϶Ҳм޵ġ춾ݺ֣ôͱһСȥ
ߣͿ˭ܿ󣡡ת
ķǺܽӽʵ
춾ȷʵܿ£СڣǾҲ÷ֳܶȥԿ춾
ʱţ
תۣѾɱʱʱ䡣
ԸоԼѹԽԽˡ
Ѿ˿˿ƵĶͨС̵ĸ͸ӴԼԼطǿ⼫ĶӰ컹ԡ
ҲСҲӽޣֲ̫ˡ
Сû˵Ҳ֪ЩС̵˺ҲǼ
ٴοЦ
ɫ˶ԵüꡣʱͻȻЦĿо
СӣһΪ춾طءڿ֮ǰжϹȻûǿĳⱦʱܵ춾Ӱ졣ڣѾܳܵļ˰ɣ˵
칬ȺԨ۵ˣͬɫ΢䡣
ռǿߣ͸棬Ҳ˺˵Ļ
ʱھԵ棬˵ɫ춾ʴľЩɫողֳ֮ǰûС𰸾ͺ֮ˣԵ˼ޣѾȫ춾ʴ
칬Աܹ͸ƿߣһĶǵȻľԡ
ҲˣϣøӷаգԼɱ֮ǰɵԡѾоԵĹǰôԵˡԵĹУкܴ󲿷ֶǹе
ٵһʱ䣬ֻҪյʱɱˣ
Ϊ춾ʴ¾ԲòֳһطԿĹ½ҲǺġ
ʱˣɫˮ
ΪѾʤȯ𣿡¶Цݣź
΢΢һɵĿžԡҡҡͷ
ҾͲţʱ㻹ʲôֶûʹã˵
žԻֶΡ
𣿡
Ǿ㿴Цһ
ʱһһӰ֡
һӰʱǾԴеõıһֵ層֮µıʱû屦ࡣ
ʱһ層Уɱ뱤ݻģԵɺϣ˾СԣҲδڻǰóʱ칬ĳԱŮ洵֪Եõʱ
ڣԶʱյı
һֱûʹڵڵĻᡣʱǷǳӵģΪܹʱգҲԸгƺƿߵ
ˣʱ
ʱգʱס
춾طγɵĶ򣬶ǱᡣԭĶһƽԴȵĽ͡
ʱھԵϿաɫӰһաεסһƬ
ԽǿʱĵطܵʱӰԽ󡣶Ϊ֮ǰļҲɱ뾰Ǻܽģ˵ǴʱӰ췶Χġ
һ˲䣬ĶͱûǰΧ黯ռ䣬֮ٵС
⡭
ܣⲻܣ۾ϿյĺɫӰȡ


1995 ס
ӣҪɳ
޾Уһûû˵ʱϿʱһ۾ϳ֪ıʱ
ʱʱôУ벻ͨ
Ⱥӵеָ層ݺʱȺ˵ΪҪĶıôܻ֣֮
ЩƺƿߣҲû˵ʲô˵õʱ
̲סɣóǲʱƵĶʵϲʱɵܵܿռʱղɻ֮ɢˣԼͷĶԾʱ
۾˻𣬾ûᡣ
춾ط֮ڣʱ̶Σաһ̣С̺ԼһΣա
ٿʱͬʱֱֳ׽ź˹ȥ
黯ֶΣܵصӰ죬ھԿѶȽ˺ܶࡣƾźɵƺ͹УԻ֮ʩչûķ̫ʱ䣬ǽѾܵѹƵ黯ֶλ
лֱ֮Ӵ
ⲫս
ʱܽ׽ֱӴںϡ
£ӽǺѵġٶȼ죬һԶԸͲִܵĽǰҺ黯ֶΣͬԼԵĸֹ
ΪʱӰ죬ٶܵصƣ޷ܾԡΪҪģǺѾᡣ
֮ǰһʱ뾰ɱϵۼƣ֪ͺˡûʱǻãڱʱƣƾҪˡ
ҲΪʲôһֱûʹʱͻȻóԵĿģһúûߡֻͷҪɱȻѣУ֪˶ٱЩп϶дԷġԣҪɱҲðգҲȥĥ
ֹâҫ
óǶַﱻļ󡣱׽У֮ˡ׽ûֱӴ͸ķ
Ǻǿ缶̫ࡣһﵲסԵı׽ʹ
ıȷʵ࣡
κ飬Զ࣡
ûϵξǡﲻյطֶΣޣֻҪӲ߾С԰תͷ
κɱʱ򣬾ԶûʹʱԱ˵ԸɱˣǺ֮ǰκ齻־ʹʱͻ׼
һûܴ͸ķڶִ̳
Ϊ˾ɱԽȫе춾ܵʱӰ죬ԾԵʴҲ֮ǰôء
ʱ
Ͷѻ棬ԾĿһӰ
ԣôʱôܹõֱλԶųƺƿߣЩĿɿڴ
ʱΪҪıس̶ȿܻ層֮ϡڻУ˵лõʱǳƺƿߣûС
ʱȷʵǳ⡣
ǰǱ層Ԫ˧Ϊ層ݵһȺﾳ飬ǾԲܽʱ½ʹáңʱҲĶȺıΪȷǳ涴Žʱʹõġû뵽ģʱ˾ԵС
ˮ񹬵ռǿߣҲɻ
⾰ԣصû뵽ʱȻˡһƿһһ˵
ʲô˼»ƿߡ
ˣҴԼµ˾ʲôʱõʱˡ֮ǰڣһ層Ǳ룬͵͵涴߹ԼȽǿﾳв̽ʱԾǴ칬層ݵġƿߣǵʱǰܵˮƿߡ
һν層һʮˣ档֮ͱﶼܼΪﶯʱ룬ԾõʱŴ˵ʱʱԸǵģһЩﾳԴӽﾳжȡʱʱʵӦҲпܵġƿ߻˵
쿴ǺҪסˣһ˷
ȻʱĺԵüǱھ֮£춾޷άˣǴƬɫȫɢ


1996 նɱ
Լ״˽⣬֪ԼϾҪ군ˡ
ԾԣסҲӲòά춾طɼˣҲֻǶƬ̶ѡ
ѻ棡
ѻ棬ңѻȡ
뾰ɱƺƿȴȣȻܶɴʱﻹ˵棬ܻ˵ġ
ֻӦֹ£ûӦԸԡѻվԶ˶Ժ˵
ѻ棬Ƿһ飬㡭Ҫ㻹飡ͺһˮˣƴҪץסץһС
ʵϣѻǷѾˡǶѻ֣֣ܲǶѻ滹顣
ĻѻЦЦҲٶ˵ܰԳ֡
ˣ
ٴκݺݵĴ̳һ
ͣԿ׽Ľ⣬뵽֮ڡ
嫵ܣ˳Žӿ˲Ϣݻٺ𽥱ð
ԣ
ǺǡЦ
û뵽û뵽ҺԴݺ磬ûܹ֡вҵˣָ죬ȴУֻСС졣
ڣ
Һڣûʼǰѩ׹ɱ㣡ٶ
ѩ׹ɱ֮ӵʱ֪˾ԵĴڡʱû̫ںֻµƿߴ¡գԱŮ洵칬ɱԾ͸ˡ
˵Ըս޾磬ִѩ׹ʱԵѩ׹ԾԳ֣ӦɱԡԨۣǵסģҺ춾ɱﵡ
ȷʵڣѾˡ
ںһ󣬺ȫɢʱ򣬾Բų׽
Ŀ˺ʬһۣûκµı
С̣û°ɣС̹ͨ
ˣһã㲻õġС̵ϢЩӦҲûʲô󰭡
ˣ
ʦֻɱ
̫ˣʦ䣡칬Ա
Ů洵Ⱥ칬ƿߣȫÿ϶¶ЦݡˣҪ군ˡ
ˡ˵
ĳƺƿߣȻıɱˣѻҲ˵һ
ˮ𶯣
޽ɽ𶯣
ʥ𶯣
Щռǿߣÿһˣ϶ŷ˼ı롣ǿƺƿߣͷȻôɱˡ
ںڶǿߵռ֮أ칬ʱ򣬵ʱʲô˼ҶΪ칬ڽӣҪ׸𣬳ΪʷˡڣȴƿߣҲѾ˴󲿷֡˵Ѿˣ㻹ŵǼߣҲ޷ˡο칬治׷ŹЩд
Ԩ۵ѩ׹ǿɱ飬Ҳˡ
һΣźһġԭΪһʧˣȴĽǸ޷ܡ
ȵ飬ˡתͷʱ򣬾Ѿ
侮ʯĶԵȻŹǡ
ҲǶ˵ϻӽֱ֮ӾͻӶ׽
ȣһʮƿߣλǳԨǸεƿߡǵʵҲֵܵͨƺƿ߹һʱ䡣ԾԵĹǵס
䣡
һɨ֮ȵƿߣһ˱ֱնɱһ˱ش
ߣһӴܡ
һˣ˺ѻ罨涴ɾԵȻĻᡣ

У
ֶʩչ󣬱˵涴ˣٶȶ޷άʮ֮һ
ৣৣৣ֡
ԵҪĿ꣬ʵǿĹڼνһնɱһҲԶˡȵƿߣмģžԳֹµļ˲ǵĹֿߡ
ɳԨۡҲǳصģѹôãҲ÷ˡ
Լ֮һյʱ䣬飬ȫɱһûߡ
ʱһսʱҲͽˡ
ԣ򸱹ߡ
Ե˵ͷ
ԣһΡ㼰ʱ칬϶סǣ򸱹žԡ
սʱһ뵽ղžչֵʵǻòʵ


1997 
칬λȺλá
Ŀžԡ
һս˵ǾһǾԻǺ칬ֻǳ顣ʵȺ칬ǿֻ̫࣬صķҲһЩʱˡ
ҷ׷׿ڣԾԵĳޡ
λ
ҾԣҲǺ칬һӣ칬ҵȻԹۡԣҾͲҪ˵Щˡҡͷ˵
ԣʵΪα֮ǿǰܵʱʵҲͨƿ߼𡣡Ů洵ʵ
˶ѯʣȻҲ棬˵Ů洵뾰Թϵܡˣڹϵ϶΢һЩԵʵǲĻǵǿʣʵԶԶǣȷʵ̫ÿڡ
ҲǻԵɺϣ˵һøлκ顣κ׷ɱҾͲһֱڻҲ޷ֻһص峲ѨЦ˵
峲ѨͶѻλԶųƺƿҲ˾Ը
仰澪ȵ˵
ԣ峬Խڲһĸ塣Ҳż峬ԽҵǵĲֿ⣬ôԴЩԴҺķһЩʱ䣬յ߲㣬Ȼͽӹ˹żҽӹż󣬱ΪԪռػߣռ䣬õ˻Ԫ͸УҲ˺ܿյھŲˡǻԪ͸ҵĹյھŲɾͲ֪ҪķѶʱˡԵͷ˵
Ү긱ˣ
ԵľǻЩƿҲףҪչе߲ڻ˵Ҳǲܵ顣У˵л˵߲С
ȻҲȷʵд˾˵ߡ
ǡп
񣬾Ѿǻǿ֮һˡǺɱڻ֮У޵еˡѻҲһ˵
λ칬ĵѣǰֹ³ְǣʵвѵĿԡ֪ǿܻ˼ǺңҲܹԭ¡ǲұĻҿδ칬һΣҳŵѻ˵
ѻô˵ΪԣȷʵһЩΡֹ³֣Ժ칬ԣ˵ǺܴĳԹˡΪǾԵıǺ칬ʱѾΪƽˡ
ѻô˵Ү˶û˵ʲô
ԣ˵ڻһĸĳѨ㻹ҵǸط𣿡濴žʵ
صҵǼǵãȥĻЩδػڣǿѾǨ뿪ˡ˵
ûߣҪȥĸ壬޵ģɱһһĸԽ٣ǻвԽС˵
УԺǾȥԵͷ˵
ʱԷ峲ѨʱΪʵ̫С޷ݻ٣вԶҴѶ칬ܲԼҪ峲ѨλùңѶϢݳҲδؾɱĸ塣
ϵܣԨк
ǰɱУԨһЩˣڲɱ󣬷˵ҩ΢ָһ¡
ԨۣԹ֡
Ԩܴѩ׹ǿ֧Ԯ칬ĪĶ顣
ͱҳԨˣֱӽҳԨɡڣӦҲ֪˵ĹϵˡԨ۰ڰֿЦ˵
Ԩϸ磡ҲЦЦת˵һΣΧҺ칬ˣһȡȵĹԼڴƿ߼ǿ߶Ԩϸ磬ѩ׹Ǹһˡ
ţд⣡룬ѩ׹Ӧ칬һ𣬽ȸһ¡Ԩ˵
ԶʳȣǺܴˡ߹߹Ҳͱ΢һЩ߹κһȣռӴĽӵԴ
򸱹Ԩϸһ¾ƻţҪжʡñ˵ǡԶԿ򸱹˵
ã򸱹˿ûоǾԵеִ
ʵϣڿУѾԵ칬µˡѾĻô칬ȻҪѡѡǾĪ
⣬˭ʺϵι
칬ռȷʵҲҪӵгƺƿߵʵᱻ˿ᡣ군ˣռмҲ


1998 
Źڴƿռ֮أһսȫҲ˵ڵƿ߲ǿѾëˡڹȣӦúɡ
칬ѩ׹֣ɳʮƿ߲ǿߣܺɨѾĻȡ
ΨһҪעǣûٵˡȻ˵նɱϢܶˣܻһЩģΪлһԴ²̫á
󣬿򸱹Ԩ۵һβ
ͨ涴ִȲķʲôʱ䡣
Ůһ£֪ûȤŮ洵
ʲô£Ů洵ʡ
Ѿƿߣߵ޼ЩߵƿߣҲûʲôٻǻȥˣҲ޷Ժ桢ѻȥ򿴿鷳ȥݻЦ˵
˵鷳Ů洵ȥݻʵǸŮ洵һĻᡣǿ˴Ҳб⣬֮ڱȻıʱ˭ȥ˭ܵõĺô
ȻҲÿ죡
Ϣûȫڲĳ껹תƱ̳ǵڲԱбߣʱֻʣ¿ռӣǰݻپûʲôֵˡ
Ů洵ô˵Ҳ΢΢һ
ֻǣλΣҡǺ칬Ҳ޷ȷص㣬ҲܲŮ洵˵
򵥣Ѿȷˡҡҡͷ
ǰɱʱ򣬾Ծ˴֪̽ܲλá
ȷλãŮ洵΢΢
ЦЦֱתϸϢŮ洵ܲռĽ뷽
˼ˣҲĽĿŮ洵ǵȻ֪ǾԸŮ洵ĸҲĽʼɣ˭֪Ů洵ϵͬһ㣬ûʵʸ
ϸ磬ŮһжֶԹ˵
˵ûʲôˣҲ³⣬й˸Ů洵ңҲܷһЩƺƿߣŮ洵֣ҲԵסֵܼԼȥԮ
ǣӦ
Ů洵˽涴뿪ռ֮ء
λǰǰ򣿡ʱºͶѻˡ
ã˶ͷ
涴粽룬Ӱʧ
ھԵ뿪֮ˮ񹬵ռĸ߲Ա칬ˣϲ칬սʤ칬ĳԱҲֻǼ򵥵Ӧһ¡칬ʱ򣬺칬ռȣǸûκλӦ
ڼʵĹϲǺǡ
ռĸ߲㣬ھ뿪ŹǣҲǾûԻʱǿܶûӹռ䵹ûп϶Ҳǳìܡ

޾У
Ϣ֮𶯡
򣬾Էڡ
һ͸䣬޾Ĵ¼֮ǰϢ칬ĺ䣬һϢûб֮ʹϢӶĻͷϢһģ
ܶˣƺԤегˡ
УҲżĻгƺƿϢǶܳܳʱ䡣һʱ䣬ƺƿ䣬һǻͷȻܲ
һϢԵҲ졣
磬ƺһҹ֮䣬ÿ˶֪˾֮֡ǰԲһЩƿԼֳƺƿἰڣЩﾳ顢黹вĴؾ飬Ҳ֪˾ԡ
֪ܹɱͷǿߡԣҲǺ칬ĳԱ
֮Դ̣Ҳ˳
飬˵칬Ů洵뾰ͬһǶԾԵļ磬ޱȺ
·һӣ飬ʼѰҾԵļ档ܶˣǱʶΪԵļ֮
Ե
һɫӰ

Ƿ˷ôʱ䣬ôѪͷ³ɫӰŭ
ںɫӰǰһӣ˵
ǸоԵ飬ȥǵȡһľ޴谭˵飬ʵ뵱Ĺ˶̫ࡣδﵽƺƿ߲Σ̤룬ôʵȻᳬˣ


1999 ѡ
ɫӰɭȻĿ⣬Զ˻ɵա
ӳɳٶȾˣھͽնɱﵽƺƿ߲Σȹ˻ѶԸֿ˵
ĻпɿԾΪ˽⡣
նɱߣνնɱɫӰʡ
Ӳ˵ˡ
ҿԳ֣ɱȻ練ơҵͲܽһ硣־ųߡǿнʵҲᱻѹơΪɱˣı㼸꣬ŵõһᣬڽնɱɫӰУŨŨԹ
ɶ̫ɶˣ
Ѿ̫̫ˣΪ˵õһ磬ҵȵʱ̫ˡȻһֻмСӶԸˡǸĶҺķôĴôҵ𣿡ɫӰġ
ʾһӵͷ
һˣҲ޷Ǿԡ̫ɶˣĻ־ԸɵһЩʹͽǾȫõȴֱƽѹɱԪռɡɫӰݺݵ
ˣܵˣȥ֪ͨЩĸ壬ǣڿʼٶȵȻ󣬵ҵ󣬱ȫ汬ɫӰԿӷԸ˵
Ǽĸ壬һʱȻˣȻ飬ǴԵơȫ汬ǶԻҲ޷ɻԴü
ҵȻ֪ѾûˡɣǵҵҴǾȫ汬ܵɱ顣ֻҪһ糹׻־ҵƾͻήһЩ㵽ʱҵıȻȫ٣ֻҪܶһЩʹͽҲϣӶᡣɫӰ΢΢˵ͷ
ǣӼѾͷȥ

桢ѻ棡ԴλԶųƺƿߣǰֵһοռ䡣
Ѿ뿪ˡǰһΣҾһռڣһ峲Ѩҵʱﾳܽ볲Ѩ̽һЩϢȷһĸͲڣ峲ѨѾһռˡԶ˵
ǻһһЩЩϧ
£ܷ峲Ѩ֪һĸ壬ҲδܴݻһѨˣټϾԣ֣ݻǳѨĿҲɡѻ˵
ǿ֪ͨƺƿ߹
֪ͨ˹Ҫʱġĸ壬ƻǵִ˴ĸҲͬʱܷǡĸ壬ߵġǵֶΣҪʱĸѶȣԼҲ֪Ҳɱĸ塣ѻҡҡͷ˵
ҲĬ
ˣһοռϸһ飬ȷԵ귢ֵ峲ѨѾ뿪Ű֡
Ͷѻ棬Ҳ˸ӡǡĻԺڻʱ໥Ѷ
˵ʵԶԶѻҲһЩ
ѻֹԮ칬ô˵ǶԺ칬ܲΪ˵ѻҲûֱӶԺ칬ֹ֣棬ֻΪ˻һò顣֮ѻҲϴ󣬲ʾԺ칬һæԣЩʹ죬Ǿ·²ȥ׷ˡ
ؿռͶѻ뾰Ըȥ
ԣҲ涴ٴλصռ֮غ칬
칬´ĳԱ޸칬һ칬칬Ȼûбƣв̶ͬⶼҪȥ޸
칬ƿ߲ǿߣʱ칬֮ܲڣһЩԨȥȡŮ洵ȥܲЩˣδӴݻϢǵж˳ò̫ʱ䣬ܷء
칬֮ڡ
ʱԺҮ긱Լû뿪Ļۼ
ԣǺ칬˼ңˣҮ긱̾һ˵
ϣԸš
ֻصڵ淨ѣʵ
ɣҺ칬ʱҲʧȥ䡣Ϊһռǲܳʱû䡣ҾãбҪʼѡµ䣬쵼칬Ү긱תĿ˵
ǰ˵û֮칬Ҫµ䣡ϵ˵ͷ
ûû䣬һֲȹ̵ĸо
ڳĵ׷׿ڡ


2000 ι
һû϶ǲеġ
ͷУһĵ
񣬺ɼܹȫȷˡ칬Ҫµվ쵼ǰС
ʱ̣칬ոձսܣ֮Ǻ칬һμš£Ҫ֡
ľԣҲ˵ͷͬҮ긱λĹ۵㡣
ҶҪѡ䣬Ҿ˵һ¡ҾãӦѡԵ칬ȻᣬʵҶ֪ǾԣǺ칬ѾݻˡԳΪԺǺ칬ضǿʢԽռӦҲҪ̫ʱ䡣Ү긱Ŀ⿴˿λԡ
޾Уռ군ˣʣĸռˣֱǺ칬ˮ񹬡޽ɽʥȡ
Ү긱ⷬȴ΢üҪ˵ʵԼں칬ӦǿġǣԼϾᣬ칬Ҳûʱ䡣ֱӳΪЩʡ˵ԼǻԪռػݡ
ͬ⣡
Ҳͬ⸱Ľ飡
ţҲΪԳΪǺ칬ܺʣ˶ͷ˵
ĿһɨЦ
ڵЩˣͳһԣ֮ǰѾйˡҪȻҮ긱˵֮˾̱ʾ֧֡ûǰ͹ͨǶǾͱʾͬԼι
Բ²⣬²칬ڵЩƿ߽ʱ칬ڵĿ򸱹ˣӦҲ֪¡
ҡҡͷ˵Ү긱λѡҵιЩܳҼ칬ʱ仹̣ιЩʡҿҮ긱Ϳ򸱹֮ѡѡ
ĻԺ칬ְ񣬲ûʲô뷨
ԣҮžԡ
Ǻ칬֮ڣûĳƺƿߡҺͿʵĳƺƿߣ޷ֲĲࡣˣιռܻһЩǿĻȣӺ칬㣬Ͳͬˣκ鱻شߣնɱδﵽƺƿ߾磬˭˵㲻ƺƿߣֻΪ칬䣬ʵ飬˲ŲӺ칬Ү껺˵
ڳĵַ׷׵ͷǡ
ԣ֪ʵ뵣ιǿ㿴ڵµĺɵƣŮ洵ĸ飬ڴ칬칬˶㻹ķϣɲܲ칬δҮ긱ͻȻվԾ
Ҳ󣬶վžԽ
һĻҲæվ
㡭ǡֻܿЦ
λ칬ڻвƿߴʱڣ²Ҫôżɣ磬ȴȫϸΣҡҡͷ˵
Ҫʱ칬ڵˣҲ֪£Ҳȫ֧㵣ιΪ칬䣡Ү˵
⡭аȻ
ҹռػߵݡɡ
ˣǹռػݣ뵣칬ݲͻǺ칬ռûʲôìܡϹʱһĦҲûʲôӰ졣ԺǺ칬κˣҲԹռ䶯˼ҮֱӳƾΪˡ
ˣ˵ǣ
ǣԺʲô˻Թռ䶯˼Ǻ칬ҲԳԮռģռǿǺ칬ҲкЩƿߴڣܹܰæġ
ҶҪԵι
ðɣȻˣҾͲƴˡҵĺɵƣĿǰֻյ߲㣬ҵ˵Ե
޷޷
ǣԹ츳ҪɵյھŲҲʲô¡
û칬֮ڣҲҮλɵյ˵ڰ˲㡣ˣŮ洵ƺҲյڰ˲ˡĵֻյ߲ɵƶѡ
ǣԴӦιñȽ
ðɣԽ˺칬ݡ
λһսսЩԱҲҪưšɣԽһԭĵӣҵԳΪҪĵһ£ЩԱ
սµЩӣڣȻͲˡû˵Ҳǿռˡ
ԴˣҮ˶û
ԳΪ칬Ϣܿڻڴ칬Ҳ⽫Ϣ
Եְ䣬ھͶһ֮󡣵ʱ򣬻ͷǿߣ඼ء


2001 黯
һº󣬾ԵְУڶƿ߶μӣвٳƺƿ߽ٺ칬
ռ䣬Ӣ»޽ɽľɽλȫŹء
μӴЩǿߣȻҲֶܿÿ˶׼һﻹˣ˭Լ˿ᡣʸμģǻͷټϣԻɱ£ûоǿ߶ȻЩƺƿ߶⣬һﵱȻҲòˡ
еǿߣ֪ӵʱĿǰΪֹûȥѯʡۺ˿϶У˭ûеȥ߻ᡣԶųƺƿߣҲûӾʱ
ְʱ䲻Ҳ
ϣԱʽΪ칬ĹҲһͷ
칬ȥ󣬾ʱ칬֮ڣɵƣоµһڻУ󷨵оǷǳģЩԶųƺƿߣԺϼΪƳ硣
ռУ칬󷨷Ҳǿ
֮Уϥ
һЩʱ䣡
ȿһ֮ǰջ񡣡ԽһЩƶռ䡢ȡЩ˴䱦Ŀռ䡣
һսУȺɱ㴼ޤ޸ڶƿ߲ǿߣвƿߣ׼ûѩ׹ĻƿߡһնɱʮƿߡǵԴҲȫ
Щƿ֮⣬кƺƿߡ
ЩƿߣݺܵԴࡣ
һ鿴Դ࣬ҲȥֵˡԼܹõķŵһߣòķŵһԺóʵ칬ı⡣
һǺ硣ԿԲεĺɫ
˾ΣռûʲôǷȽƣ档ռ䣬ԾƱȽ϶һЩ̤㶼һķˣͿռڻбȽǿԣûʲô
϶ǸУ̽硣
һڣû飬洢Դࡣ䲻ֿڴԴ࣬ۼֵЩԴǶܳǲֿڵԴĻͷܱ۵ĶȻֵߡͨĶĴ
ףʲô̽һ塣
һھСȥаôƺľʡ֣ȴ΢΢һԺεʵ΢΢һƴĶжôľˡ
صģ֣⵽ʲôϣ
Ҽ֪ĲϣҪغܶࡣ֪صĲϣҲʮ֮һ
⡭ҵ͸ȥǳĳԺĿ⿴
ԣʣƺ롭層ݵĲƣȻ
μ層ݣζ層ݡ層ݵĲϵûоڸտƴʱһҲûϸһ£ˡ
ƴɫֱ層ݲʸоһģһ
ԿȻ߶ƺݺݵһ¡
µźɫѹȥ
ͣɫϣһϸ΢졣
ǣı棬ûκ˺¡Ըղһգʹ˴󲿷ֵȴûںɫϣκε˺ۡ
ȻȻֲʣ
飬層ݣƿ߶޷層κ˺ֻгƺƿߣ層ݡֲϣһĹⲿ
԰ת
ڴ߶ѹɫʱ򣬾ҲϸĸӦɫԼųϵĹ
Ե񣬶Ȼ
黯᲻ΪⶫҲմ黯ͷŶ֪ȴпܣǴⶫ֮ڵõС˿
ооרע
͸󣬲깻ǿнչֻǶķһЩʱˡ
ɫⶼ̽󣬾˫ĿĿо
¶ˣ
ɫȻǷͬһ㡣棬Կд·ǻиơǣеƲͬڲ·ԣƵȫ
ʩչ黯ʱռڵֱ֣ԼȷֻҪĹ·ôԼҲܻ黯


2002 汻
ԳԲ·Ƭ̺˫ü
ѣ
ѶȣǱɵơлҪ󡣵ֹ·ѶȾڻ缶ط֮ϣǾǰ·޽ӴͻȻеͷԡ
޷޷
ⶫҾͽ黯ʯ黯ʯ·ɳܻнġҲõŵ£еҪ̾黯
黯ʯ̽ƶ硣
䱦ĺܾˡкܶ䱦Զõ缶ĹҲ٣ЩԵǲ̫⡣йڵķﲢ̫Ҫڹ͵ıҲǽѣϰ󡣾б׽Ҳø
ǡ
ִƶڣһɫʯȡ̽飬Ǳ¶һĨЦ⡣
춾
ѹֺѧ춾ԭõ춾طĴʯ˵
սʱ򣬾Ի֪ʩչطǴ߶ĳֱǲȷطս󣬾ԴҮ˿е֪Ūɫһֽ춾ط
ط̫ˣǿѧһѧطȥԸӦЧˣֶͨЧã춾籩ֶΣЧźáѰ˼š
춾ȻݶؼǿطԡԼ춾Ҳû¾͵Щ½ȥʩչȥ޺޹顣
춾ҪܶԴڲȱԴ
ɣȽɵƸһ˵ġԽ춾ʯҲԺʱͻȥѧϰ
˼ʱ䣬ŽȫԴһ顣ҪԴҪԴȷõһߣȳغͷŵ칬ı֮ڡ
칬⣬ԳһģҮ긱𡣾ǹƽʱҪӱʲôԴҲʹ칬Ļ֡ȻˣǽԴ뱦֮ڣҲܻӦĻ֡
Ӧˣֹͻס
Ի칬֣͸칬κγԱ
ʱ䣬Աչȫעеڰ˲ɵơ
ơ
ɵУÿһʱ䣬Ҳأѯһº칬ڵĸ߲Աһʱ֮޴·
ûУǽʮԽԽԾˡ
ǰںܳһʱҪͻԾڻ򡣿ʮﾭ򣬵һЩ½ͻŰԴ
һ˲ٴĹעҲû̫ϡʵȽһ㣬ҽ½͹ȣҲǰȫĴݻƻһЩԴ̳ˣûǰôǿҡ
򸱹Ҳһ˾ԣЩԾһʱ䵹ҲûüĿֻܵȵٿ칬һЩɳԱעĶ
У
ҵˣ
ҵˣһڣǺ칬Եļ硣УӰһ֮ͨǰ
ڸղţһ˴棬ַ¡
Բˣ
λԹ޾󣬵һĹȾţѾˣԹȽҲ˵Թļ棬ǾԶġ
Щԭܱߺܴһ̽һ飬һ档УֻһһЩ칬ĺۼݳӣ˵
ţҵˣһ˵ͷ˵
Թ֮ǰѾ˺칬طɵơҲ˵ɵһ棬´СֻһܣԹڽ칬֮ǰɵơһڣ˺ĺۼһߣһ󷨣󷨻תһ󷨣ѾбȽص𻵣סǡɫ˵
ʲôȥ˵
һ£ȥ϶Ҫġڽ֮ǰҪԼһ¡ԹʵǶ֪ǽļ棬ԲҪסԲɱˡһԹκ˶𣡡֮ǰѾһ̽ɨˣص˵
ģ϶ֵġЩڣʵǿҲʹؾ۷ΰɣǣûʲôвǣҲûҪЩʵ΢֡ɫЦһ˵Щζ


2003 
޾Ув١
ЩڣҲʱ޾磬ͨߣʵ̫ǿеεġ
Եļ棬вٳʼ޾磬Щʼ鶼ڵΪŮҲǡŮǽ磬ʵͻƣڲʱﵽƿ߲Ρ
ŮߣǺٺٵġߣǸոս޾ǻһݵıڡڴﵽ۷Ҳ岽Ҳûʲôˡ
е飬ʵȽǿģڲʵ⣬кܶ黹ЩƲߡ
ٻԾԵļܴȤȫΪԺŮֵ̫ɫ˵ֻһŮǻֻɺϣֳһԡŮıѾ˳ԾԵıָ˲š
Ϊˣܶ²⣬ھԵļ棬ĳЩشڡһ˵㾰ԵļûʲôģҲȷһ㣬ĺ칬棬һ˵ͳҲǺɵ缶طС
ܵõɵطҲĻΪ֮
ڻУҪ缶طǺѵġǰռڵĸռиطܹѧϰЩطٺ١˵ں칬ҲֻкĵӲʸɵơ
Щ˾ԼĻ飬򵥵Ľ󣬱㶼ͨͨһ档
ɵ浱Ϊ˷ֹһƻͨù󷨣أⲿĻ黹һЩӰ죬ȴҲȫֹֻҪķһЩʱ;ܽ
һĻ飬붼ǵ۷ΣﾳΡǲ󷨣ȷʵ޷סЩȽǿĻ顣
ڲˣ
ǰʹио࣬ķ֮ԶԶ޾еķ֮
˵û޷½ȡ
ʲôأ棬ǻԪģô޾ȣ
˷ʱˣǻĴߣ̽̽ϢԹǴһ߳ȥġ϶Ҳ²ٹĴţҪ̽ϢӦò¡
ԣߣ
⼸ӰԼٶȷ뿪
Щﾳ飬޾пֻۣܺܲС棬Ǽֱ޵еĴڡ
Ĺ򣬶ЩʵһѹƣķվǵͼһЩ飬ʵϼܵһЩӰ죬Ҳƥеġ
ڣЩ߽ڻоͨ飬ǵʵԻ̫СˡһﴳЩֶ߽Եֵ
飬ܿͲ̽˾صϢ
Ѱټȥ鿴Щ߹ĵطҪһЩͬѰġ
ͬѰĵطûʲô֡һ棬ƺǲġ
ڣһЩܹϵԴڵġЩԴ岽ﾳ˵ȻҲǼ󣬿ˣҪǷŹҲѡȻˣ˳Ҳ˹
һЩԴģǶпܲŹֱӶӹ
һнĻ飬Ϊ࣬Ҳûע⡣ʱƣһЩԴǱע⵽Ҳ顣
飬ôһȺǿޱȵ֣ͨ뵽ֻһֿܣǾЩǿޱȵߣԲһ汾顣汾УûôǿĴڡ
ЩߣЩĿǰЩδɱ䣬ƺҲûе¡˭Ҳܱ֤һֱȽϰ֡ЩߣÿһޱǿһһǲôعˣǾͽѡ
ھԵ棬ΪŹʵģǿˡڵĿˣˡٳʼ飬˿ˡ
˵ŮҲŮãھѾǿ˵ĳԱ
ڿ֮ڣѾǳǿϣѾܹȡԵ뿪棬˲ܹĶЩھϵƿƣ½һЩ鳬Խǰļޣ˸߽֮С
ѩ߷ȵȣǸ߽ΪŮǣͬһǿߡԵһ˫ŮҲǸ߽Ϊ


2004 鳤
ǣġ
Уھ뿪һҲ
ڵĸ߽Ƿߺ󣬱½ǣȴ¡˵鳤ԭ壬Ҳ嵣Ρ˵ǿӵпµ츳۳ɳԣǵ֮һ
壬˵ǿƣεһץһѡ壬ҲĸԸó鳤ְ쵼
ȻҪƶõĻǾΪ뾰ԹϵܣҲӰ쵽嶼ϵ׽ңڴ治ֶθӸӸһЩ
˵ᣬȹȥҲ˲٣ϯ鳤ʹϯ鳤ȥһԱһЩǰǾԱʮԱϯ鳤ʹϯ鳤Ǹ߽ξ硣ʮԱУ󲿷ҲǸ߽µһЩǸ߽ҲǺܽӽ߽ս
´֮ڣһ죬Ĵ󲿷ǿۼ
ϯ鳤ϯ鳤ʮԱеʮˣ֮⣬һЩԱŮȳԱǿ˵Ŀݡ
ڳԱ֮ϯ鳤վ
ûϯ鳤Ǿƣ߷֮ӡ
λƻȫ
ľƣɲǹȥ۵Сˣ̤𾳽磬˿Ҳܳء
ھվʱȫ֮ǰ˽㶼ʧҶתĿžơ
ǾۼڴˣҪ飬ܴҶ֪ˡ֮ڣһȺߵҾûҲһ˵ˡЩߣʵΪǿ֮ΪСģҲЩڵܹȫƥеġ
ĿǰΪֹӿ˲̽ϢЩ黹鷢̷Χ֮ڡƽ˵
鳤ˣЩߣӦöǴ֮ġһʱ䣬һָоߵƺԽԽ࣬ǲ֮һ档ǲóһԲߣֻ³Ҫ¡һݵĳʼ鿪˵
ûЩߣʱǻЩߵֶοǸûЩڵ˷ңǻڵԴǲֻЩΪǺܺ۸һʼҲߵ˵
ˣվԼµĿ
ˣŶǿӲһЩҲвˣӦһЩΪʵǳǿЩ˼εľ磬߶֡ߴսǺ鼫Ϊ
ûʲô飬ʵƽϯ鳤ҲûжԸߵľ顣֮ǰĸ׸߷ѩĸҲ̸£ĸ׸߷ǣҲûкõİ취Ӧߡ
һζã϶УЩθںܴߵģԴǣԲȥһıᱻͿա
ǣǵ̬ȣʱҲ̫ǿӲЩȷʵͿǣǿΪǾһȺС̫ǿӲͿܼŭǣ´սĿǰǶߵľ˽ò࣬ǲ֪Ǿжˣ᲻и˽һ档ʵǿóȻսҵһ浲ס˵
鳤ˣ˵Ǹô죿˵
ҵ˼ǣǲ糢߽ӴǵҪʲôԣҪŪ֮Ƿˣ̸һ̸ܹд˵
鳤˵еͬ⡣
ţȽӴӴҲá
ֻǣ֪ЩԸⲻԸ̸һ̸
˶ͷ
鳤ˣ߽Ӵһ£˽һЩ˵Ϣ˳ǵ̸̸ǲԸ̸ζԸǣľ˵
ľΪϵĳʼ֮һ뾰ԻһЩСìܣЩСҲʱɢˡڵĶľҲǿ˿ݡľֲڶһָģľȥȥƵԱҲúʡ
ľ䣬Ǿ鷳ˡƿĶԶľ˵
УھͶߺأ׾ҵǵټľ˵ͷƸǡ
λҲͲҪ뿪ˣǾڿڵȶľĺϢƶڳ˵


2005 Ϣ
ľ˿̶
ߵټȷʵײ̽Щ߶ûȻͲ١߿鲻һЩˡ
ԣľ˼ʱ䣬һ˽Ӵߣйһ岽λ顣
ľһЩֶΣй飬˵һԼĿģЦˡ
жľ
Щû뿪飬ʶ̫ˡ޾Ĺ󣬲ġڣЩ飬ӦûƣΪʱкܶɣҿʵһ֮ڣ㲻ôӦ֪ԹɣŶľ
ľ˵ЩҪǿڶľһݺϡ
ҪȻЩ˵һ仰
ԹľȻ֪ԣֻǾԹʣȴζʲô
ľڵǿߣĿǰΪֹ߽ӴǺٵģǶľǿߣƺҲûԡ
λˣ˵ľԹӦþľԴˡԴ뿪֮ǰҵϤľԷ˵ľԹ鳤Ƶĸ׾ԡ
Ŷ뾰ԹϤԣһЩ
ı仯ľ̾Ͳˡ
Լ²⵽Դ뿪ƺĻ磬Ҳ˺ܴЩߣᵽֵʱ̬ȻȻо¶һ˿ζ
ˣľд󶨡
ԴĻУкܴô¾ͺ˵ˡЩߣЩ鲻ϣҲ˼Դ˰ɣԴˣǿǾ鳤ĸף鳤ƹܿˣͳ˧档
ľЦЦ˵ҲǷǳϤ꾰Դ뿪֮ǰЩ˶бȽ϶ĽӴԴˣǺˡֻǣھԴ뿪ϵҲжˣԾԴڻо飬Ҳ˽⡣
Ŀ˶ľһۡ
ղʣЩˣûˣҾ˵һ¡޾Уܶ࣬вĻȣĴռǿȡĿǰΪֹһĻ飬ʵǱȽϷɢģûˡȻˣһЩʵȽǿĻ飬ڣ˵ǱȽϺõġ룬ҵǿΪһλﾳĴˣλ̸һ̸˵
лľæֵл
Ҫľﾳ飬ʱҲ֮ڡ
ȱŸлңֻܰԿλ˾벻㣬Ͳ˵ˡУôΪԹԹڻУǿպյĴڡЩһ棬ҲѰһЩԵ˰֡
ţȡѶƣʼﾳǿ߽
ľҲ̴Ѷơ
鳤ˣľ΢΢Щ
ķչԤеҪ˳ܶ࣬ԭΪЩߺѹͨľԼû̫ϣܼеǿҲǱΪﾳǿߡ
ľ䣬нչˣʵ
ľ뿪ǲżʱ䣬ôʹѶǾҲû뵽ġ
ţӦϣƺ߲ûˣֻһЩΪﾳǿ˵ȽϹáڣ͵ȥһλﾳǿߡˣﾳǿߣǳԽ漫޵ǿߡ鳤ˣԴ˿ҲѾǳԽ漫޵ǿˣڼߣжԾԴ˶𾴡ľ𼤶˵
ã˾ͺãľ䣬ˣΪ磡Ҹ뿪ʧȥϢڿҲܺá˵Ҳܸˡ
ߵ⣬ʵѹþҲܣкһʱ䣬ƶҷˣЩȴֹߡڣ˹ڸ׾ԵϢȻϲõúܡ
ľ뾰Ƽ򵥹ͨ󣬱жϵ
Ҳʾ
ľϲ㣬˵λˣԼһ档ţպһЩʱ䣬͹ȥԶľ˵
õġľ
ﾳھ˴ǺңԶһؾ֮С
ʩչ˲Ƹ·󣬾ͽһؾһؾ飬ڣﾳϾƿһؾؾǿļǿߣ춼ﾳǰǲ
Ŷľֱﾳڵǹ
˹֮⣬ľ˫üΪһ֮㳡ŵϣʮʬ͹档һľʶһεߡ


2006 ľɱ
ľ㿴һɫӰλ֮ϡȫ£пµϢ޵ͷų
ľͷֲֿѹ޷ģ̫ǿˡ
ˣľˡ˵
ﾳ飬־ͽнһʱ䲻Ƚһ
ˡľҲ
ڽߣмˣһؾڵǿߣΡЩ𣬶ǹڵϣǿľҲֻ̧ͷһۣʵʵͷҲʶľɴʱͲҼк
죬еһλΪ΢ߴ˲ã㱻ֱɱʬ͹㳡ϡ
ţ˵ͷŵ۾Ŷľ
е˼ֲǺǣڻУֲȽټһڣֲʵѵˡ¶Цݻ˵
ľʼ飬ӵʱΣУʵһЩɵҲδﵽĲ
˹ˣľ
˵ɣʲô飡˰ʵ
ˣҾлֱ˵ˣһ棬֮ǰܳһʱƽʱ䣬Ϊкܶǿ飬Ӱƽǿ˵鳤ˣߴе˼һ˫һ£ܷߴṩһЩľ˵
ⷬ˵ñȽί
֮⣬ЩߵҪʲôʲôĿģ뿪˿鳤˵˵ܹṩ
ˣ֪һǿƿش󲿷ֵ档ǵ鳤Ҳ˵ˣҽΪԡţأ˵
λˣ鳤ڿܲȺݹ٣ľ
Ǻǡ
˼ȥľСڿЦһЦҲ
ˡľһҪ͡
죡
ҲҪȥʲôСĪǾҵ֪޾磬Ҳû˸Ҷ񣿡Ϣ΢΢ᣬɱĿת
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Щò׼ˣԼƺʧĵطЩʬ壬ȷʵЩڼδֳκηŭϣλнĴˣȥ鳤ƽһ£ѵʹλˣ
ˣҲûСľоɱ⡣
ûʲôߣǸһȺҲҶ񣿿ʱ䣬һ̫ʴˡҵʴȣûлǵأǾųˣȻˣǾͱҲˣ˵
ľеΣУȻǿ
û뵽ӡλнǿ飬ܲ˵
ˣҾȸˣһȥ鳤˵һ´£ǷܹԹˣľ뿪ˡ
Ϊʲôط߾ߣС죬߲ˣ͵վɱǿ
ˣ㡭Ҫʲôǿ˿䣬鳤ƣǾԴ˵ĶӣľоԷƺԼ֡
ŴӹĻڻܴʶı˾ԡ
Թ
Сǿɶ񣬾þԹѹң㣬Թڻȷʵǿƹܺ칬ҲǻǿǣˣԹҲӰ飡죬ұɱĶȵ
Ȼ֡
ľڣǶǿߡǣһﾳǿǰľûеֵ֮˵ǹҲǶľܹԿġ
Ȼ֣ľֻü˼㱻µΧס
ľһ
ۣţľ񣬱ǰȥɢ
ɱ˶ľ֮ٴһ
ֲöֲڻУҲǼֵǵġָһ£Ӷľϣһɫ⻪ֶܿƮ˽Ϸ
ǶľıֲﾫҲֲŶеĶ
ʵϣԶľɱͲΪľˣǴľһͶɱġһֲľԴ֮һˡڵֲУ̺ŻԪĲ
ˣ⡭ľ뾰Թʶ˵ǿ鳤ǾԹӡľǻһЩ鷳ɣ˵


2007 ȫں
ɨ
˵⣬ȻҲõȻǱȽһڣҲ̽˲ٵϢԹһĳԱڽԼֻҪȥɱЩǿߣͲ
οҲûиû̵Ļɢ顣
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˵ҲǣԹǸεǿߣ۽ӦǷ޾硣һ棬棬޾УһҲǴеһˮɳĮеһɳѡ˵ͷ˳ŽĻ˵
ˣȥæİɣܴ̽ྰԹһʱϢӻ˵
ǣӦת뿪
ô˵ˣΪĹҲֻܱ졣

ڿǵľƣһֱڵŶľϢ
֮ǰľѶ˵ܹһλݺܸߵǿߡ
ʱһȥ
ǣľȴδٸѶ
ôᵢôã
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ģвǿ
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ˣ϶ˣƶȻվڵ
һȥ˵鱨תΪǿ鱨Ȼǿúܣ˵󲿷ֵĵ򣬿ֻҪ룬ܹõ
ȥ󣬾ָڵǴһѶϢһ׼Щߣ׵뿪һ档
Ƶ뷨ɲ޵ķʸ
ľȥһλԽ漫޵ߺ󣬾伣ˣΪľѾ׶༪١ľǿɱˣǽǻʲô飬ͺ˵ˡ
ˣĴ㡣
һʱȥ
һɫӰǰ
鳤ˣɫӰͷ
жľϢ𣿡Ʊʵ
ϢȷľѾɱľˣߣֽʵֲǳԽ漫޲εĴڡľ֮ǰȥߣˡɫӰͳ˵
ɱľҲûҪ뷨Կ鱨̽£Ǻ

ȻɶߣǡǾȻôĿĺ⣬ŭڡ
Щߴӽһ¶ƣеҲࡣҪǣҲΪʲôƵΪп̸ͨзʽԭ
ŶľϢȷһϣҲ֮ʧˡ
߸ɱľ䣬˵ȷʵûӹ飬Ҳɱ飬ǸΪС飬߶ƺȫһģ̧־Ϳɱ
ϯ鳤λԱԼڿǵĿ䵽Ƴ˵
ǣɫӰת뿪

˵Ǽһɱһ飿
ţҲ˵ˣȷʵɱһжľ飬ľһڣλܸߡ
񰡣˵ɱ˲顣ڣǿĵ鶼ɱˣѵͲ¾Թ֪˶ŭ𣿡
ǿɲһǺǣд󱳾ģЩɢ޿ɱȵģ
˵Ҳǣ
ҪʲôһڣǿҲͨѡɱ飬ѵͲһ˲ӦʱǻսȻЩڵʵǲںɱϾǾԹļ档

ɱľϢܿ촫Ҳ֪ܿ¡
޾ǺܴģɽһĻ飬ǰʶģڽҲϵЩﾳĻ飬֮䶼ϵϡһЩ飬ҲȽϵǽΪ½ΪŭԹҲ꼰㡣
ǽһ棬ĿѰһԵǷ֮ɲһġĸҴݻһ棬ǾԹԻŭҪ֪Թļˣһ֮ءԹ㲻ںˣҲܲںԼļˡ


2008 ſֽ
ؾڣеĺƣʱʮվŮӹź
ЩŮкܺ£ɻòǿջЦźŵˣֻҪ΢һ㲻ˣͿֱɱǡ棬кüŮӱɱʬˡ
ЩŮӣȫŴơ棬νǼޡ
ٴһƺ
ȥɣڰ֡
ЩŮӣɴ⣬ٶ뿪
һȺˣ뿪ʱ㽫ȫɱˣ˫Ŀ䡣
һһöƳ֡
һöѶơ
ϸԿöѶϣС޽ɽ֡
޾ռ֮һ޽ɽڲѶƣǷǳ߼ĴѶơ
߷ƣһѶϢ
ӮˣУǹϵı鶼ϡ
ܿ죬Է˻Ӧ
нչһ
Ӯˣ㽻ҵ飬ȫȥ졣ĿǰõϢδһ֮ƺûʲô𡣾ԹһйĵطҲԲ鿴ƽ˵
ţҲԤϡһ棬ʲôġȥֻΪȷһ¡ȻˣҲбȽ֮ҪһЩʱѰҡһʱɡӮ˵
ǣˣһҪһ¡һ棬ɱһ顣˵
˵ĵ飬Ƕľ
ʲôӮϢֱ仯
ô£
ҲǸ㣬Ҫ𣿵ڻвʲôһڣȻ飬ܿ뾰ԹʶģӮĳ
ˣѾˣӽһ棬Ҷûɱˡֻжľĵ飬̫ˣǰǲɱǻʧȥη֮ġʱ򣬾͸Ѳ̽Ϣˡ
˴ˣȻûҵһ֮ȴҲûջǺһ棬˺ɵƴСڣѾ֪ȥʲôطѰɵطˡ˵
ŶӮһ䡣
ɵƣǺ칬طǻ缶ط޾жǰططȻǷǳĶġһΣӮý뾰Եļ棬һǲ̽Ƿ⣬һĿľѰҺɵơ
Уܶ˶֪Թ뿪˺ɵƣȻܲ뵽ھԵļкɵһط
ӮˣյϢĿǰԼܹȷһڣһŮ飬һıҲֻصֻص֮ڣ˺ɵطҲ²⣬ֻصӦþǺɵķƷ˵
׾ͷ
ֻصں칬֮ڣȻܳһ֮ڡ
ԣǽŮеֻصֻǷƷ̽Ϣ˵Ůֻصһλкߣ͸Ůġ
ǰϵһо˵ͨңԹҲŮǼֻص
оųϵİգȷŮֻصھкɵط
ܺãĲ
취ǽŮֻصŪ֣ȥึһЩҲǿԵġ£һصʹ㣬ĳԱҲǲܵġӮлϲζ
ղ⽹ɱ˶ľƺȫǼ¸ˡ
лӮˡϲ˵
ֻǣŮﲻԸ⻻Ǽֻصôأʵ

취ɣʵڲУֻǿˡһ£ҪҪŮҲ֪޾У죬޽ɽɽˣǼɵ򲻵ѣҲ񡣡Ӯ˵
ˣӮˡģ򲻵ѣҲɱŮʵ̫֣Ҳֻõֻص˵
У㿴ŰɣӮ
Ӯ޽ɽһλɽһӽƺƿߵǿڡҲ޽ɽԱ

ӮжͨѶ󣬽Ц
ڡڿԷſһЩֽˣٺ٣пӮڣɱΣֻҪҲɱЩǾѵ޽ɽɣ
һı顣
ʱ䣬ԼԼܱЩСȴɱһЩȽмֵıʱҲŲȥᡣ
ڣѹС˺ܶࡣ㾰ԹˣпӮɽ涥


2009 ǿн
ǣ´
أڵˣһ¡
ľ£ҶѾ֪ˡ֮УľϤ˲̫ϤǶľʶľкľô׵ȥҿ϶ܡ
ѹЩ֮ߡ
λˣڴλã˵
ڣҪôս׼ˡȻʵǿҲǰϵ⡣¾ǣҲҪǸۡƼ˵š
鳤ˣˣͳ˧档ǿ鳤ô˵ôǡɱľ䣬УЩҲû𣬳ǱȽǿ׳ϰˡֻֿøң
ԣ鳤ˣ㷢ɣˣǾǿսҲúҵȥ

ڵǣ׷˵һΣ˶ֿ֧սľǶˣǶľԺҲǡֻҪǻڣǾ޷⡣
ʱ򣬾һ̧Ŀš
Ӵ֮⣬߽Ӱ
ѩи߷ˣͬʱ˽
æվ
ĸףƹļʺ
ѩ͸߷ˣûм뿪ˣ˵ĵλǷǳȻġˣ뾰żܵĹϵ
߷ͰѩǾԵԣȻû뾰з֮ʵ뾰֮ĹϵҲǳ߷Ͱѩ֮κܹȵġ
´ڵǿߣŮ˽󣬶վÿˣԸ߷˶ǳĹ
߷˲סڿǣһֱסھѩٵĶѩ硣
Ķѩ磬ΪӴ֮һˡڣǿƣε߶֮ࡣ
߷ˣڳ˵˵ͷôҶ¡
ĸףôӶѩˣɻʵ
ƣóˣ߷˵Ҳûбܻڳˡ
ʲôɫһ䣬۾һӺˡ
ƵþѩʵʵҪȾƻǿһѩҲȾһ̤Ρ
ѩôˣֽţͬʱҲǳķŭ
ȱ𼱣ûţްֻһЩˣʱڶѩˡ߷˵
ĸ˵ƲɳһɫȻѿ
ߣĸףһ߸ɵİɣƵ
ƼԿ϶ߴ˾ѩһڣ˭ҶԾѩ֣ĲҪ˶Ծѩ֣˭ǾѩĶ֣һڣѩʵǿˡѩʵҲȾѩǿ
ûһġʱǸԴֿ߱ɱ֡ѩպȻͳ߽ˡЩߣʵ̫ǿˣѩͲǶ֡ûжԶѩɱ֣Զѩ˵ΪѩǾԹŮԲŷŹѩһ߷ﵭ˵ȴ̲ŷŭ
ĸף߽ʲô֣ʵ
֪ѩҲ֪ߵ֡ƣ㸸֮⣬ӦҲкܸߵĵλЩӦǼɵĸףԲŶֻǣ޷ϵĸףȻЩˡ߷˵
Щһֱ棬ܲǲɱ¾ҲӶԴԣҴ뿪棬ȥҾԸ硣ӿ˵
뿪棿
̫ΣˡЩߣǴ֮ģǵʵһһǿСģǿҪǿ뿪棬ǴΣաҡͷ˵
ȥҾԸ磬Ǹ޷ԸЩߣü˵

ʱһ󼱴ٵ
ڵ鶼һ䡣ǿǿвŻԤ
˾͸оռڷ͵ľҲ
ãƵͺһ
ЩߣѵѾ׼𣿡ʶ˵
ȥгԽ漫޵߽٣ǿҲΣաǵػ󣬵סԽ漫޵ǿߡ߷˵
ߣȥʲô˵
ಣ
´ڣһӰٷɳ
˴󣬱ǿڳϷ֮⣬ӰЩӰÿһ϶ɢµϢ
ֻһۣƵ˾϶ߡΪЩ˶úܡ
һУڣǿܲˡϵӰһˣЦЦ˵


2010 黯
⼸ӰΪ׵ﾳ齹
ڽģİ֡
һˣӸµϷſǡ
ߣվǰ߷ѩ;վھΪǿ鳤ǿ˵䣬Ҳ˵һ䡣ش󳡺ϣƵȻҪվǰ档
Ավڸ߷
ڳУͰѩʵǿ߷;΢һЩȻһȺ浮ĳʼ顣
һǿڣоųɴʱˡǣǿЩߣȴȻھԵơǵػ󷨣¶޷ֹԽ漫޵ߡ
˭ǾƣĿھϣʵ
ҾǾƣ֪˭ҿǣкָ̣ǰ̤һͳʵ
Ǿ֮ӣ㸸ôǿߣΪ˵΢Ǹ㸸׶˵
ȷʵɱƣ޽ɽڱɽ辰ƵҲûʲô̫ѹ
ĻƵ˶һ
Ҳ²⣬ڻе״ﵽĳ̶ȣҲܿʱԼ˵ˣһλµĳԽ漫޵ǿߡǿ߿УԼĸףȻôǿߣҲ˵׵ʵӦǱԽ漫޵黹Ҫµöࡣ
»δ֪ҿкָ̣ƲûΪ仰ŭ
ҽнҲûʲôָ̡쵽ˣһǸǣǸжľ˶Աҵɱڶ֪Ⱥ֮һŮˣҪһֻصıֺ˵
ɶ񣡡
ɶߣ㾹ɱҿ˶ľ䣡
̫ڶԱӹ
ڽ˵Լɱľ֮ǰ˻֪ľǱɱֻ֪ľɱһ߾Ͳˡ
º磡Ǵ֮УӶһЩԴҲͰˣ㻹ɱ飬̫𣿡˵
ƵĻЦ
ĹˣҲŷЦ
ЩҲ̫ԼˣǺǣҿǲһȺ߶ѡɱˣҲɱˡǣУƣǿ㸸׵ϣΪǻƽ͵˵˵ʵˣ˵Ҳ̫ѵ顣ȺǸ߸ϣڻУǲûϰˣߣ浱Լˣĵ̬ȡ
ˣ˷ʱ䣬ǸŮ˵õֻصԻ뿪һ֡
ֱ۰ڶֲķ򲨶٣Щ뿪ػײϷѵ졣
Ƶˣܸܵǿֲѹ֪ǵػȷʵסǸн˶೤ʱ䡣ԷǳԽ漫޵ǿߣʵ̫ˣһεġκһˣ¶ѵסԷһСʵǿİѩ;ҲͬѵסԷȫһС
鳤ŮȺ˳ž΢΢
Ů䣡ƿŮ
֪Լĸ׾ԣܹŮĶݣŮϵҲǳá
ƲܽŮ
˵ŮԼ׾ԵĹϵһ㣬ĿԱΪ鳤Ҳܽ˽ԷԷ˵ҪŮеֻص˭֪ŮԲύֻصֻصֻɱŮ
鳤ҵġ£޹ءŮ˵
Ů䣬㲻Ҫˣǿ˵Ŀݡ㣬ҿˡ˵
ǸֻصŮ裿Ů
ŮĶȻӲ˵۾
ûҾŮ裡ҪҽֻصΣŮﰺͷ˵
Σ
Ů裬ˣҽԲɱ㡣ˬ㽻ֻصͿԻֻصͲܹҶˡɱ㣬һԵõֻص㲻ΪЦʲôڣҾɱɣŮ˵
Ůվ˵
ԼֻصԲܣ

޾磬ռ֮أ칬
ڡһЩ黯ѣЩƣеķȫͬ෴ġǳڣһһЩԪҶϺ϶˲黯ƵԴ칬һУȥܱ黯Ŀռ䣬һ
ôͳ黯ԻǱȽġ


2011 ô
ֻǳ黯ҲǺѵˡ
Ͼ֮ǰҲδо黯ơ¿ͷѣԴδӴҪȥоȻס
ԣԶԼôʱھͶ黯˽⣬ǱȽġͬʱΪ黯˽⣬Ҳľ黯ȷʵĿ£黯ռ䣬ڷ̫ˡ
ԾԵжϣܽ黯յ£ǼֱǿԳΪˡ类ݻ٣մ鶼ƾ黯ռɵĻ
黯ֶΣǰڻиͲڡҲ˵жϣһ硣ЩıݣҲƵⱳ󣬵ʲôڲٿһУ
õ黯ʯżȻ𣿲̫ܣɱ˵ǸĻ֮ˣ˺黯ʯô黯ﵽʲôĳ̶ȣԲԽתͷ
ѹܴ
ڵĻУЩﶼ˽ͷöˣʲôԸһǸ˻һȺˣ
ˣ
ʱڵ֮⣬
֪칬׵
׵ɣ˵
׵˽ԿıЩ
ˣҸոյõһЩ鱨ӦúҪ̹㡣׵ͷ˵
ʲô鱨дˣʵ
һʱ䣬칬Ǻܼġ칬ڲǿߣǲȥжеԵķʽһЩЧα겻α޾ɱɱ
ڵľԣû̫õİ취ԸﶼڻǸطңȥ׷飬˴ڻ׷Чۿۡ
ǹڹļ档˵
һʱ䣬һЩҵ˹ļ棬ҲһЩˣһ档ǵ˼ײ£ȻΪһӿŮ洵ǿߣӦһЩ֮ѰһԵ˵
ţüͷʱ
Щ˻ǲЩŭ
ǰʱ䣬칬ҪЩ顣ҪȻӦøͻõϢˣһλȥļ濴Щͨͨȥ׿žʵ
ãҡͷ
ȥ˵ţվ
ʱ򣬾ԵҲûżϻڣ˭֪ԵʵݣЩ飬Լļ棬ӦҲΪ
Ҫȥŷģ˳Щ޴ĶͨͨԼļ档
׵ʱ뿪칬ҪֱҴѶԶ׵
ǣˡӦ
󣬾һο粽ӰʧڴСһ̣Ѿ˺칬ֱܲۻӶ˺ѻݽ涴ͨ涴ֱͣӾ͵Լļ֮⡣
ӦһЩʱġҡҡͷ
󣬾Եֱ̿Ӵݣ͸֮ڡ
Եǿ
ɸ档
ţӦǺ󣬾ԵɫȻĿҲ¶ŭ
˶ŭһӰٴ˸˼档
˲Ϣ֮䣬ǵִ˿ǡ
ʱ˻ڿϿա
Ϊ᲻ŮŮҲֻصԽѾʼͼػˡ
ػҲǾܳʱ䲻ϼӹ̵ģԼǽﾳԳֹҲҪһʱܻơ
ڽֹ֮УǵػҲҡҡ׹󷨺Ķٵƻ
֮ľƵˣأδֱȥӴĹҲܸӦǹ̺Ŀܡ֪һػ󱻻ƣ֮нûκֵܹϿճԽ漫޵Ľ
һȺҲΥҽڣҾĳУϴӿд
ʱɡ
ƿǵػ󷨣˵κвһ֣߳һ߿ڳ辰Ƶ顣
ôͣ
һͻȻһ̺ſµĺ⣬ý˶鲻Խȫһ
ʲôˣ
˭˭һæתĿѰ˵ˡ
ţͿɫӰ׳ڲԶ
СӣʲôˣڵϢﲻҷʵɫӰĿ˵


2012 ɱ
У˭֪Դ֪Ǻ칬ݡ
Ա˵ģվҲδԱˣԵʱʱδһϳ
ǱȽľģΪͲ֪ιġھ˵֮ǰûκθӦôҲﾳǿߣڻȻǺۣһЩСĻȣҲǹġ
ﾳ飬ѾǱȽǿˡ
ˣҲžԡܸоõԵʵ϶ǿôǿ
ѵɫۿ飬Ҳǻ飿
ף
ԣ
ǾԴˣԴ˻ˣ
ûϳԣɾƵ˾ͶԾϤˣһϿɫӰ̾ͺ˳
߷ѩǣҲ¶ı飬Ŀžԡ
ЩԱھ뿪֮ģҲʶԡ
ʲô
Ƶ˵Ļһˣ
ԣ
Թ
һ˫۾ɴ඼Ҫǰ
ǾԹ
ûԱˣһξԵӰڻǰ˹ȻӰеķǳơ
Թôˣһˡ
ûԵʱúܣɼԱ˺ͷˡʲôˣǿɱľǿߣ
ڻУܶ˶Ϊǻһǿߣǲǳƺƿ߾磬սƺƿ߶޷ġĻͷǱԹɱġԶųƺƿߣֻҲǾԶ֡
ף㡭ڻˡ
ף˽нǳԽ漫޵ǿߣѾܳˣȻԺܼҲûǽ
Ծ˵ǳԽ漫޵ǿߣĿľʾ
ԶԾƵ˵ͷֶԸ߷ѩ;ЦЦ
Թ
޽ɽԹˣӦ֮æԼ
޽ɽ޽ɽԱɨŽ
Թȷʵ޽ɽԱлҵĺܣҲ޽ɽı΢Щ
ǾԣҲ޽ɽ
ߣ㣬Ҫʲôһ
ҡҲûж⡣ιֻһλŮ顣޽ɽĸɽӮˣ֪Ůһֻصǲһ¡ɽֻȥһȿ֮󻹻ὫƵֻص˵
𣿽趫
Ȼǽ趫ΪҪǣʵ
⡭
ŮﲻֻصʹǿӶ𣿻ֹǣ㵨ӵǲСǿӮôΪ޽ɽҾͻ˼һ֮ǰҲ϶֪ҵļ档֪ҵļ棬Ϊ˵ܷŹ𣿡̵˵
ԹҡҲûкҳְˣһȻ棬Ҳû̫ͬڵ飬ǿҲͨѡ֣ڸûܵסһιƱ˵
ףľˣǱɱ·ߵ˵
ѾûмٿؿػΪ׵һȺˣʱҲ·
ľˣһ
ԹǸľ̫һʱʵڷŭԲ̲ס֣ûҪɱڽƱ硣
ȻŮﲻֻصȻǿھ뿪һ棬һص޽ɽɽˣ˵޷赽Ƶֻص޲̾뿪
ߣѾˡ⼸ˣһ߲ˣ޽ɽĸɽӮһȥ̸һ̸˵
ۣ
󣬾̧ƣƮƮ˳ȥ
һĳռʱŤµ·ֶֻ˲Ϣ֮䣬㽫ȫڡ


޽ɽŤоһ޷ֵѹ
Ǵ˷ѹȣ޷Ҫ˵Ҫȥֵˡ
һ仰δȫڿռڻΪ˷۳ĹĸˣͬǻΪ촷ۣռ䣬û
ֻĵһƣ㽫ȫնɱ
ƵˣɵĿһĻǣǰЩУԼ֪ڻҲвСʵҲǿӦҲǳԽ漫޵ǿߡɾԴҲ󲻵Եʵǿ˳̶ȡ
һȥͽһԽ漫޵ǿ߻ɱǿʼ޷һ¡


2013 ˭˾ѩ
Ƶ˶ɵĿžԡ
ȲεʵѲЩܹˡǿߣѾǳԽ漫޲δڣɽھǰȴ·϶㲻ϡ
Լĸ׾ԣ񾿾ǺεΪ
ԡ
Ը磡
߷ͰѩɵߣҲڶŮ֮
Ҳǰס߷Ͱѩ֡
ܿˣӦһЩʱġ˵
ûϵģ
ǰǸȻ׺ݵӣǶóǺηġ㿪ػ󷨱ƣҲɱǡ߷ͰѩȺ˵
ǸԼﾳΪ㵽ˣڻֻɱԵͳ
Щǿˡ
ǵ㣬ɱҲˡЩ߶ʵʵͲ㣬ȴɱ޹ˣԴĴ
Ȼ˵磬ǿʳҲһߡÿһ˶ɱ޹ô绹
նɱؾﾳնɱƿնɱﾳƺƿնɱƿߡҲͷֱˡ
ٵһߡЩַʵʵߣԲȥһѣٲɱǡ
ǾԵĵġ
Ը磬ڻǲǺܴ󣿡ﻹôֱӡ
ûãСڻҼҲšЦ˵
ҲţһΪˣ

Դˣ
ԱʱҲǧžԼÿ˶𶯡ǲ֪Եʲô磬һܹȷǾǾԷǳǳǿǿֶܴݻһĳ̶ȡ
λ񣡡Իֱۡ
ܶ඼ҵˣ
ףҲͻˣ
Ůþò

ģЩѴкЩԽгֵĸȺǿߣּһЩӯ
Դˣǵǵ֡
ףȥɣ˵
ãԵ˵ͷ
һȺˣص
һʱľͲˡ̾һ
Զľʼ飬ԵӡǱȽ̵ģľһЩСĦСìҲɢˡ
ľɣҲΣöľȥߣҲҲǸ˵
鳤ˣҲϵǸĺЩ߻˭뵽ǸԶľɱ֡˵
Щڣȷʵһ⣬ǵʵǳǿ󣬾ΪСߣҲЩʵǿöࡣüǱ˵
оԴڣЩ˭Ҳ˺˵
ЩЦЦ
λ޷̫ͣõġУкܶ黹Ҫ֣ϵشұȥε˵
ԽԽƵܸод·ȷʵһֱ֮ڡңǺ칬ĹҲкܶΡ
ô˵˶Ķۣ˵ˡ
ѩأתĿڶѩ𣿡
ѩʱڶѩ磬游ĸˣҲڶѩ˵
ѩ֮ǰˣǱһߴ˵ġʱһûвһߴ˶ѩƼ˵
ţһ
ѩԵŮ
ȻˣҴ˾ѩ
Զھ˵Ϊ׵ģȻˡˡ˭˺ԼŮԲܷŹ
ףѾ˲̽ϢʱһЩĿߣӦܲ鵽ƿɫ˵һ䡣
ˣԲһ£Գ˵
󣬾һӿ
ѩ֮ڣѩˣƵҲǺأʹһЩ˵ҩ󣬲༸ָܻ֮УͻȻоһ١ѩʶҪų⣬ͷ֣֮ǰСǳĳ

һ̣ͱסģʶָʱ򣬾ͷԼѾ뿪˵ҡ
ǡѩתĿܡ
ܿϳǿ
ƣĸף
ţףѩǰЩˣ΢΢Щʧ
ô£
Լǰһ̻ڶѩ磬ôһתۣ͵˿ǣң˸ףô
ԺͰžѩӾѩϴȷѩϵްջ


2014 
ѩ죬Ҳһ
޷⣬ѩôͻȻġ
Ӷѩ絽Ȼ˵ǷǳңԶ˲Ƹ·ҲҪʩչܶεġ
ϵĲ࣬ڳЩ˸޷⾰ԵֶΡ
ף㡭ˣѩԼĸ׾ԣϺܿ¶ϲ顣
ţ˵һЩһ档Ե˵ͷЩʵȽǿҲǣԻ
ѩɼǵôǸʲô𣿡Ʋʵ
ѩüҡҡͷ˵Ǹ˴ɴʵֺǿҶļ䶼ģˡǸ˿ǳԽ漫޵ǿߣ˵ڸ׵ϲɱң
ûϵҪܼ򵥣һ֡
˴߶
ܣһѩڡ
ɲ֮䣬Ծ͸ӦǸ˾ѩĻ顣
󣬾΢΢һڶռУһ֮֡һ棬ǵʱѩǻս龰
ǻζԾѩֶ֣Ծѩ˵һЩʲôȫԻ
ʱɱ˺ܶ飬ǡÿֹȻͶˡֻǣǰҶûзѩ˵
ѩʵȾƻҪ΢ǿһЩͰѩǲĲΡڻУԼĲӽ岽Ϊ
Ҳ֪˴ʱʲôط֪׻ӶĻҵҲѡ˵
زסĿе⡣
Щ޴Ķǿɶ񡣱һЩƤԼ뿪ڿǸͲҪȻˣֱһֶΰɣĮ˽ˣܿʱȷʵ
Դ߶档
Щߣ۲ʲôط޴ΡؾһЩ磬ȫԵ֪
ô£
ʲô
ãƺңߣ޷ѣ
⡭ѵƿ߲εĴ˽ˣ
ߣͬʱһסΪԸոջҵһʱ͵˿ɱ˽ˣϢδ߻֪Ѿ
ৣ
ţһӰǳ˿ǵ֮ڡеߣȫһʱǵﾳ飬ûκεֵʱʧȥʶȻָѾ˿֮С

ô
Щ顭ô飿
ߵٸ֮࣬ԭʱԵЩӵˡ֮УﾳεҲʮӡ
Ƶ˿ųЩӰ˲ϳЩ֮顣Ҳ֪ǾԴʹֶνЩ˴Ųƹġ
ЩˣһôĵӣԵͳȵ
Կ֮Щ߲ŶתĿԡ

㡭ǾԹ
ˣ㡭ôһЩӰˣϳ˾ԡ
ЩûӰˣô˵ȻҲ֪ǰ˭ˡ
ռ칬ιɱľǿߡ
Թǡһ棬ְܱҵı飬Щϡ
֣Ц
Թҽһ棬ɴûɱһ飡ǿѹž˵
Щ飬һ棬ȷʵвûɱκһġϾԵڻ̫ˣǺǿġһΪ¶ûжֹġ
ǲؽͣ
Щ˽棬һЩʲôҶúܡҪΪΣ޷죡˵
ûɱһģҲùһԴڣǴȡԴȫóһһԵ˵
ĮεѹѹЩ߶޷Ϣ
û˳ɣЩߣȫٶȽѹεԴȡ˳
һ棬Եĸǽ浱ԼļˡЩвټûɱԼļ飬Ҳѹ˲Դ
һЩˣңûɱļˣûͬ¾ͽΪһЩƷԼ鷢
ͬĵҲ߽ԼԴߡ


2015 ܴ
ܱЩ鿴۵ԴԶѵ䱦ѰԴ߶֡
飬սսžԡ
ʱǣҲмֿǣѡһӶԴʱ˿ѡɱʱ˿
Ե񣬿һɫ۵ﾳ顣
ӷŻУ˶˾ѩһֵĻ顣˿ϲٶʱϲһԾѩ֡Ծ˵ûκѶȡ
˵ֻﾳƿ߲飬ҲھǰϢ
ָ֣΢΢һﾳ㲻ĴȺ˳
˶ѩԿﾳ飬䡣
ҡ
ﾳʶҪƱ磬뵽ԼǰվŵǺ칬ιԼƱ粻ϣҲ塣
ˣҡȻˣûɱְֱžԹȥ
˵ĶþƵٴζݡ
Ƶ˶󣬾֮Ҳ޾Уݵλ
Ů֣һ
ˣҲҪˣ޷ˡҲԷģвǣڻеѡ˵
ﾳңǿɬ˵лԹˣ
ԲǣļѣĪĶˡҪ񱨸ôļѿûмܶùȥ
һ棬ɱģõԵͳ쳹
ۣ
ţһӰأϢ˲ϢʧȻЩصĻ鶼Ѿˣʱ򣬶ûκ
飬һҶȥЩȥĻ飬ٶھԵļɱ顣
ЩŵĻ飬жҡ֪Щ˻ܻţΪûжɱ顣ȻҲӶһЩԴɽЩԴ󣬾Թһ棬ûҪǵ
ˣµˣ뿪һ棡
Ǽסˣ뿪ԶҲҪ̤һ벽ǲлŵĻᡣ˵
ǣЩ鲻κԹԡ
󣬾ֱֱ۰ڶĶŵЩ龡ʧһ̣ǳ˻Ҳ޾ͨ
һĻ飬κε飬ȿֺĽͨ뿪һ档
ɱһһҵĻ飬¾ȷʵЩԵǣԱԵҪػԼļ棬Ͳ̫Щܾͻôߡ
ʱ򣬾͵ɱ
Щߺ󣬾ԵıŻָ糣
ڼ棬µʱ䡣µʱŸ߷Ͱѩ´⣬ԾƵ˵˲ٹ޾顣һЩ飬ʾҪ޾磬Ҳֹֻ˵׼ˣͿԽ޾翴ԣеĸոǡΣղǿĻ飬Щ̰һʵһһԾһԤУǻ֮ĴսѾٽˡ
º󣬾뿪棬ص칬
ص칬ĵһ£ͨ칬һѶϢԼѶϢ
ѶϢҲܼ򵥣˵֮ǰٸļ棬⼸ٸ鱻ɱһ룬ɱЩ鶼ɱ顣ѶϢһݾǣκλ飬Ժ󶼲ýļ档Ƿлһ棬ôԽֱӶ䶯ֻɱʴȵĸ뿪档
ͨ칬һѶϢܿ޾紫
Ļ飬չۡܶˣΪ̫Եˡ
㾰Ǻ칬ǻǿߣҲ˰Եɣ
Լ棬Ҫ
λԹҲ̫ǿһЩɣ
ԭΪһȽº͵ˣû뵽Ȼ˵İԵ
ǺǣǿЦļ棬ҲǻԪģв˽ƾʲôñ˶ܽȥ
˼ȭͷ󣬲ȥҽȥ֮ǰȥļٸ飬һ붼档˼ҿ˵ˣԺֻҪлǸ棬ֱӻɱ뿪Ļᣡ

ڸۣЩۣȻҲܿ췴˺칬
칬칬֮С
ˣѶϢ֮󣬸Ƚϴ󰡣ܶΪڰԵˣ׵۲žԵı˵


2016 Ӯ
ԹžϵЩʲôӦ
칬ȻռɻռҲĸ֮࣬ռ֮⣬вٺӴĻȣÿһˣӺ칬
ԴˣԲ⡣
ô˵ģ԰۾ʵ
յϢٻ鶼ʾǺ칬̫Ե칬Ѿܹͳһ㡣׵Цһ˵
ǰǺ칬ûдﵽǸΣܶ˲Ҳ׵޽ɽˮ񹬺ʥ棬ʲô˵ǣתʵ
ˣˮ񹬺ʥĿǰûʲôӦֻ޽ɽƺǶǷѶϢִܵ޽ɽĸɽӮֱӴѶ칬Ǻ칬ʲô˼ʵ˼˵˭Ӻ칬ǲǾ͵
Ӯ޽ɽĸɽܴ޽ɽ˼ˣ
֮⣬һЩ͵ĻȹҲѶǺ칬Ǳʾ칬ΪУ칬ǲ̫ĸˡ׻˵š
ţ֪ˡЩǱԹǿ飬칬ᡣ԰ڰ˵
Ե
ӻͰԵһˣ
һЩ飬˽̫ءвѾԽԽأսʱܱЩ鲻˼ɱϣǶԼļȤ
þԺЩȣռŻдԴӦڻвʱվػ粻ַǶһЩʲô
ȸˣ׹˹뿪ڵ
޽ɽӮ

ǸнˣǿӮ¡˵ˣȥԵļ棬ǿӮҪŮֻصҲǿӮ⡣
ৣӰ΢΢һʧڵС
һ̣Աǵ޽ɽ֮⡣
һϮɫ۵ľԣ޽ɽϿաʱ޽ɽ֮ڵĳԱδʶ޽ɽܲϿգ˳֡
䣡̧ƣ޽ɽһơ
ֲӡмٷŴ޽ɽ֮ϡһʱ䣬޽ɽܲҫӵ·
꣡꣡޽ɽܲҲĲ
ͻıʣ޽ɽڲԱȫľ
һʱ䶼ûʶʲô顣
޽ɽ֪Ѿж겻йˣܲĳԱδ޽ɽԣʱ˿̣ǶûӦʲô顣Ǳʶ֮У벻޽ɽᱻ
ô£
ղʲôô˲䣬޽ɽͱˣ
ţ쿴ϿһӰ
˭ѵڹ޽ɽ𣿡
ֱһӰ޽ɽ֮ܲѸݷɳ
ԡһЩƿ߲ǿߣϿյӰȻǺ칬ԡ
Թ޽ɽʲôң񻹳ֹһ޽ɽȻ͵˼
ӮһХ
¡¡˵޽ɽݵңԶ
ʱˮ񹬺ʥȷ棬ҲӦ˲ͬѰռ֮ȷʵǳӴ󣬿ɾγֹ޽ɽǲǺܾ˵ģˮ񹬺ʥȰ칬ܸӦ
󣬺ܶ˾˾ԵǾ仰
Ӯ
˭֪Ӯ޽ɽĸɽһλӽƺƿ߲εĴڡ
ռ֮أ޾磬ӮҲǷǳġ˵ƿ߲飬󲿷ֵﾳ飬֪Ӯ˭ʲôݡ
޽ɽڲӮһ֮Сʱ䣬ӮҲܲ졣֮ǰ֪ԼԸɱˡɽȥԼ棬ȴھԵļ档Ӯö룬Ҳܲµڽɱ֮ǰ϶˵Լ֪ԼǽˣֱӽɱÿӮǲ
ȻҲȥ칬ʾԡˣӮƺƿ߶ǣȥҾǲȡ
ӮȥҾҲûԻᷴ޽ɽԼ
ԣԵֱӽ֣ǽȥʱ򣬿Ӯɫһӱˡ

ԣҪʲôӮվ˶ţһ䡣
ɽˣɽˣ޽ɽĳԱӮĹ֮к칬ԣ޽ɽ֮⣬Ҫɽ㣡
ɶ񣡡Ӯҧ
ʱ˿̣ӮĵЩҵġ
һͷɱûȥ̫õʱ䰡


2017 
Ӯɫͨ졣
Ϊ޽ɽɽӮȻҪġȥӮǵԼⱲӾܹ衣ɱȥˡǣԾԣЩ¡
ԻɱʱۿʱġǾԶ֣˵޽ɽδﵽƺƿ߲εĸɽˡ
ҵҪҪʲôӮһҧվ̤ԼĹ
߳Ӯ޽ɽԱڹĿԼóЩԱڵԼ
ɽ
ɽˣ޽ɽĳԱſӮ񣬰Щƿ߲εĵ޽ɽĵ칬ĵһġ
Ӯڳˣ΢΢˵ͷӰһ޽ɽΧƶ
ܿ죬Ϳ޽ɽϿյľԡ
Թʲô˼Ӯžԣںʵ
ƺǿӲʵǿиɣΪ뿪޽ɽ󸲸ǷΧԣԼ뿪޽ɽΧ֮ڣԶֵסܻᱻɱ
޽ɽķ֮£ͰȫˡԸʵǿƿ޽ɽҲѡ
ӮңңſӮɽ
ģ޽ɽλƿ߲εҲ˿Ӯ
ԴʱΪ޽ɽԳ֮Ϊˡ˭뿴һˣԼܲϿ
ӮӦʶһнİɣ˵Ҳ޽ɽĳԱԻ˵
û޽ɽȷʵһﾳĵӽнʱƺ޽ɽ֮ܲڡԹҽ£Ӯ
֪뾰Լ棬ѾԸɱˣǹô˵Ͳ֪Ƶġ
ӮҲװͿǷ֮ҼΪҿԸ㣬ϻ߷ϣı䡣Цһ
޽ɽһŵĴѶɽ硣ɽʱ޽ɽ֮ڣЩƺƿߣȽϲڻƫƧѰԼһĻԵʱãܷһЩԴ
ɽˣǵѶɽ
ôˣ£Ӧ
ɽˣû޽ɽ칬޽ɽϿգвӮɽԣֹ޽ɽĴѶ˵
ţ΢΢ЩԾ
֪ˣͻȥڻԵĳľɽжϵüͷ
ô£ԣʲôѵ޽ɽ֣ӦðûʲôԹ˵޽ɽ֣Ҳûɣɽת
ͷת֮У˺ѻݣһ涴һ̾ͻصռ֮ء
һͿǾԹȻ޽ɽϿա·վڿӮ޽ɽҪԱ
ǺǣԹǺⰡ޽ɽʲô֮𣿡ɽԶԶľЦŶԾ˵
ھɽһֵʱ򣬾Ծ̽鵽ˡ
ɽⷬҲתĿɽ
ɽ޽ɽҶԾɽ㣬Ҳûκζ⡣ҡͷ˵
ŶҾͲ̫ˣԹȻ޽ɽΪ޽ɽԱ޽ɽܲأɽ۾з
̤һǵ˾뾰ԲԶĵط
ɽһǿĳƺƿ߲ͷ֮һʵ»˶Ǻܽӽġɽ֪ԵʵţԼǾԶ֣ҲԲ赭дͰܸԣľͻȻԼ֡
ҽҿӮˡ
ɽӮˣ֮ǰһн޽ɽԱҵļ棬ӶҼԴɱ޹ɱ顣ҵһЩѣҲǽСҼʱȥɱҼ顣
Ӯˣ̫ӣҵĵߡԣȻ޽ɽҪԱҲٲ˵ˡɽϣ㲻Ҫ̡Ի˵
ԾЩǸɽӡ
ⷬɽɫ΢΢һ䡣Щ飬治֪ӾԳΪ칬֮󣬵ڵʱ䣬û޽ɽ֮ܲڡ
ɽתĿüӮɽӮɫȴû̿ڱ⡣Ӯ̬ɽ֪˵ʵңԾԵݵλҲ̫ˡ
Ӯûб⣬룬ǱҲûáڳƺƿǸε˵ܶصûؿԣֻҪʹһЩֶΣ̽һ


2018 ִɱӮ
ɽҲơ
޽ɽ޾ռ֮һһ˶޽ɽϿգǴ޽ɽ硣
һʵ̫ǿѹסԻռŵ˼ҵļ棬ĳ̶ֳ˵ǾǼң޽ɽȥɱҲѹ־Իᶯŭ
Ӯô£ʡ
ɽˣ£ȷʵΡȥԹġĶɱκ顣ھԹ棬˷ƵֻصһУнƵֻص治֪⽹׶ʲôӮί˵
ýȡֻصҲ˵ˣû취£ҲɶᡣǽֱֻʡĵһڣֱӶˡ
Ϳ
ǾԹļ棬ôܺ޴
أŭȵ
ɽѾһɱãһ뿪ҵļ棿Цһ
ɽüԡ
ԹȷʵǸ֮ɱҲ⣬Ҳˡ£Ӯɽ˵ҲһΣӮҲܵɱΣϾûȥļ档Ժ磬ÿӮǸͬʱ޽ɽĳԱԺԲ뾰Թļ档˸ҽ룬þԹ֣һǣɽԾ˵
ȻڱӮ
Ӯ޽ɽĸɽҪ罫ӮԴã϶Ӧ
ǺǡٴЦ
ɽҾֱ˵ɣҪɱӮһо˸
ռ֮ڣע޽ɽɲ١ˮ񹬺ʥȵһȺˣڿ޽ɽ֮Ļ档
仰һ¶ı顣
ܶΪ¿ӮͷϴԵǸ֤Ժ󲻻ٷҲͲˡǶ벻ԾǼҪɱӮ
ǿ޽ɽĸɽ
ˣǲǹڰԵˣ
ңԵĿҲ̫ˣӮ޽ɽ֮ܲڣһ󷨱޽ɽܲ缶ⱦܶ˾ʣôɱӮ
Ӯ뿪޽ɽκ˶ỳɣɱӮɾ޽ɽ֮ڣɱӮοԱ߻гƺƿ޽ɽľɽɽȻֹôԻܾɽ̫ףͬʱҪ޽ɽķɱӮⲻǳ˵
λԹԵ
һЩˣֵôСֵģһЩΣ
˵ʲôҪɱӮҵҪôɱ޽ɽܲĿӮɽģ
⻰˵˳ǿɾͲ޽ɽˡԹҲᶪ
Ѳɣ׼칬Ĵ޽ɽ
ˮ񹬺ʥȵƿߣڵۡ
ǣռ֮ػĴﾳ飬ʱѾв٣ۼ޽ɽռ֮أѰǲܽģֻ̤ﾳεĻ飬ʸռ֮ػ
ռ֮غܴ󣬱ԴҲǷǳġ
Щۼ޽ɽ֮УҲһЩɢ޵ƿߡʱǣ˫ĿƵĿ޽ɽܲϿյľԡ
ˣþЩˡ
޽ɽľɽ̬Ѿܵͣ˵ͬԵͷɾԣȻ飬ڿ˵Ҫɱ޽ɽɽӮ
֮ǰͨ칬һѶϢ󣬾кܶ˾þЩԵڣΪ԰ԵҲԽԽࡣ
˵Щ˻ǱʶĿ飬ǾòǿӮǽɱԼһЩͲ¡
ǲ⾰ԣ
ǲþػľġ
Щ飬ûоԵ־Լļ棬Сһɳӵ͵߲ε档ھ˵Լ漴ǵ͵飬ҲȫȻ΢
ִҪɱӮһԭ򡣿Ӯȷʵûļ棬ûɱ顣Ӯĸأһħͷ
ӾյһЩϢ˽⣬ӮΪ˽ִݻٹ档޾磬һȷʵСһڣж飿޷㡣Ӯݻٵ棬˼ܴ飬ǵעģԼ
⻹ǾԲ֤ȷɵģ˵һЩӮĶûб鵽ġ
ʵ޽ɽ֮ǰѾǾҪɱӮˡ


2019 ֱǿ
ʱ򣬺칬ڲ򸱹Ҳһ
ǰ޽ɽ£δ칬κ𣬾Ů洵֪Թȥ޽ɽɱӮ
ʵǿһȺˣҲвֲ̫ǵĹΪִҪɱ޽ɽĿӮû취飬λǱʶжС߾ΪȽϵͼǲȥɾԵΪ
ǾԹһٸں칬ﻹܴڣԣ칬֮ڵˣ㲻⾰ԣҲȻ֧־ԡǾԹ޽ɽս칬ԥִ
ˣԴѶ
˲ûֱǰ޽ɽǺ칬ƿ߲ǿ߶ǰ޽ɽǾ͵ҪսˡǣʹԵ˼
ԻӦ
ˣǷǰ޽ɽûκηϻֱѯʡ
˵Ҫǰ޽ɽǾͿԳ칬֮ƿ߶Ѿ׼
ãҵ޽ɽҪ޽ɽսҵĿģֻɱӮ˶ʾͻòһˡ޽ɽǻռƿ߲ҲгʮˣһɺǿԽԽԾǲٴģɱˡԴѶ˵
ôһ˵˾Ͷˡ
ֻǡ
ü
ˣʵȻǿ󣬿޽ɽܲķǺǿġǿӮڲ޽ɽɽ˵ûм˵ȥ
Цһ֪˵˼
ǲõңӮɱɱɱˣ޽ɽҲһκβң˵
ĴѶֻǼͷתѣûкķʱ䡣
޽ɽľɽЦ
˭óʱľɽΪԵĻǳŭԾԵ̬ܵͣǵͷˡǣԲûи̨£棬ҪɱӮɽˣҲͬ⡣
ԹҾ֪ʵˡ˵ҪɱӮҵ뿴ôɱɽһХ˫Ŀžԡ
Թ̫ˣ֪ԶĶ֣ȻˣҲΪҪɱңҾŸɱҿӮվɱңӮҲ˵
ڵκףǾǣǳ˺ƤˡͷҲ޷ίȫ
ôҾԣ΢΢۾
˵䣬Ӱһб׽֡
ۣ֮嫵Ľ޽ɽϿպա
ھŲȫ룬ǽ֮УѾﵽڰ˲ĺɵγɵĽɫͼ
µܲȻ١δ޽ɽײ޽ɽĲ󷨣ѾʩչĻ֮⣬̫ˡ
ԣһУ
ɽĳ֣͵һ𣬿ȣʩչǿֶžԹ
Ŀһת׽зһתӴĽ⣬žɽϯȥ
ˣ
ԹĶ޽ɽˣ
һˣֻһˡ칬ڶǿߣЩƿߣȫû
̫ˣλԹΪƾԼһˣܹ޽ɽ𣿡
쿴Թɽˡ£̫ˣҸоһ˿Ľ⣬׵ɱˣ

Զսﾳ飬ۡȻңԶ˵ĽɢɢȻļ¡һЩʵԵ΢һЩﾳ飬Խٴκǧ±
ֱǿˣˮ֮ڣ»ŻеӰ˵
˵ʲôһˮ񹬵ƿ߲ʵ
Եʵȵսʱǿˣ»һһЩ
ǿˣ
ôܣһսŹȥʮʱ䣬ʵﵽΣôһʱ䣬Լٴͻƣ˺Ȼ˵
֪ʵԽǿԽѡƿ߲ε˵ǽԼĸֶΣ඼˼ޡϣҪһ˿һܲסǵȻҲԳȥոֶΣطЩֶΣҲ˵ԽͻԽǿ
ֵʱĺɵֻǵ߲ΡѾǵڰ˲ˡɵĽ֮Уǽܣȵɡڵ㲻ʹʱӦرҲѹƾɽˡ»΢΢ҡͷ͸һĨɫ


2020 Ե黯ֶ
ʮ֮ǰܹɱʱ˹ؼáʱʱľȷʵɱƺƿߣһֱ춾뿪ܱɱ
ھԵʵٶϺ޷ɱҲܽѹơ
ˣǳƺƿߣһƿµ
ǰǳƺƿߣһ̤ƺƿ߾磬ǿȷɣǻǿߣû֮һ»ͷ˵
ʥڣҲŲΡ
䣡
ԵĻ֮ɽʩչǿطײձѷǧ
ɽӰٵˡֻȫľ磬ֵĿ⿴žԡ
Ծս»ӢҪΪʱֱ뾰Խֵˡ
ɽ˻
ಣһֱ̣Ӷ뵽޽ɽ֮ܲڡ
޽ɽܲеƿߣɴһ˫۾ǵɽȻһͻˣǿǻͷ
ԣ۸ս磡ɽ޽ɽܲ󣬿ڶϿյľ˵
ʮ֮ǰɱ˺Լս羰ԣҲ±ЦҶ֪жǿ
ǣȷһ£Ǿ޽ɽɽӮúúõģɽٴЦ
ҲӦɽɨ޽ɽ׽ն
⣬糱ˮһɨ޽ɽ֮ϡ
޽ɽ֮
޽ɽռ֮һȺ칬Ҳ΢һЩҪƿѶȵȻܴ󡣼ԾԵʵҲ޷û֮޽ɽķ
ɽһȡ
һƬɫâ޽ɽӿɫΣƺնȾ˻ɫ
ǻԪӣ޽ɽɽԪӵܣ
ûǻԪӣ
ɽڲٿػԪӵܣԣ
޽ɽϻԪӷУ˭ܵԼƿǾԲܣ
ţȷʵ˿ƿңԪӲܷ乥Ҳ¡УԪӻУҲˣ
Űɣò˶ãԾ͵֪Ѷˣ
ˣΪԲƿ޽ɽԣҲֻ޹ܻᱻԪش
ף
Ȼã˷
ԪӷĹһɫžϯȥɾԾȻûмʱá
ٿػԪӵľɽ¶ϲ֮ɫٿػԪӣԭδ̫ϣԪӵĹȻǿ󣬵ϾֻһڵǶ㹥Ĺھεǿ˵ҪܿҲǺ
ԣɽûιþܹܿٿػԪӹԣֻΪӰ쾰Թ޽ɽĴ󣬴ҾԵĽ࣬˳΢óÿһЩܲһֱԹ
û뵽ԾסˣȻûȥܡ
ĹǿҲܽ͵סҲٿصĻԪӹɽϲüҡ
йУҪһιͺɱҲʵУ޷ȫԪӵĹˣһᱻˡˣǽ¾͸ˣֻҪ༸ηԪ飬شȻԼԳ֣
һ˲䣬ɽת˺ܶࡣ
Ǿɽϲüң޽ɽ֮ڵˣϿյһĻÿһ˶һϲı顣
ǣϲõı鲢δ̫ãȫǵϡ
ǿǰĿռ䣬ͻȻŤ
ԪɫâڽӴŤռٶȶʱԿɹâ̺ܣҲڴȵͺǱʲôڵһ㡣
ڣдɫ뾰ԵӴԵȴζûζԶûκζֻȵ
ô£
ղŷʲô
ѵǣɽڹؼʱ˻Ԫӵܣ԰Ǿɽܡ
ΪʲôԪӵĹûԾκ˺
ǡ黯ѵˣͲֹһεʩչ黯һ룬ǰĿռͻȻ仯ǲʩչ黯ʱһ˵
ǣ
ȷʵһģ
黯ֻкܹʩչ𣿻еĳƺƿߣ˺û⾰ԣôҲ黯սʱҲûʹù黯
ʱµģ޽ɽڵЩˣɽ


2021 ݻ֮
меƿ߲ǿߣ֪黯طֶֹεġ
ڻڶʹùٴ黯طɽһЩˣҲֹһۿʩչ黯ططǳ졣
ڻУҲֻкһմطˣЩƺƿԶųƺƿߣûط
ԣʩչ黯ط˾󲿷ֻԪӵĹ֮󣬾ɽȫͷ𶯡
ôܣ
ô黯طֶΣطԻ֮⡣ǰֻкһطڣô黯طֶΣɽӿ
֪黯طֶΣټĹеھŲܣֱڲ֮ˡһƺƿ߽֣Զڲ֮ˡ
ֻҪվʩչ黯طֶתطκιʧȥвطķ졣
Ҫطľԣǹͱ볬ԽطĳܼޡڻУκһƺƿߣĿֲҲ˵Ҫ˾ԣǾͱƺƿֶԾԹп
̫ˣ
ԵסԪ湥Цһ󣬼Ӷ׽޽ɽĲ󷨡
־ŭľɽҲԪӹԣѹͲǻԪӵĹ
ģЩռԱʹΧߣһЩ֮
Բϻӽ޽ɽĲ󷨣Щò󷨼ӱ濴Ҫݻ޽ɽĲҪܳʱ
һʼܶ˻ɣҪķѴʱ
ʱƣҾͷ֣ԵÿһιƺͬһλáԵÿһ⣬޽ɽͬλãҶƾΪҪô
ֱԵٴһն£޽ɽĴһα֮У˷ǳԵ٣¶Ȼı顣
ʱѾ޽ɽ֪ٴΡÿһܸһˣ˶޽ɽĴϻԪӵķܵסܾõӡֱһ޽ɽĲ󷨣Գ˱ļơȻǾֲģѾԡ
ˣˣ
̫ˣ벻ԹȻҪƳ޽ɽķ󡣡
ܲϸ˵һ£Թôģܳɹ𣿡
˿ˣҲкܶû
ϸԹÿһι£΢ϸһЩסÿιĵ㣬Ͳѷ֣Ĺһɵģһƿ߲˵
ɣʲôɣֹֻǲϵıλðˡȻ顣
֪Թֲֹȷʵйɵġûв´ĻԹ̽޽ɽ󷨵ġ޽ɽ࣬ЩܹӳµķΪǵת塣㹥κһôĴҲ˲ֵⲿĹΪˣҪЩŷǳѡԹڳҳһġֻҪҵ󲿷ֵģͻɶˡƿ˵
Թȷʵʹַ󣬷һ޽ɽɾֲЧΪһѾ͸ݻˡϵͳԵķ󷨣ЩһģЧͲöˡ˵ͷ˵
󣬻ַʽ˵оû޷ƽ𣿡˵
ߣΪ˭ַ󣿡
ҪʹַҪǳ̵ȣ㹻ǿʵܹҪľ֮ϡҪƳ޽ɽķҲ;Թ㻻һԿ˭ɵסԪӹһЩƺƿߣֵɽٿصĻԪӹǾҪķѺܴľʵġһˣμоѰģΣҪҵģǱǶŷǳġЩûʲôооǺģһ󷨵Ķ̫ҵҪ˵ǲ󷨽֯ͨһĴˡмʶȽ϶ˣΪϸĽ˵
˵Ľͣ˲ŶͷȻ׹
ַʽȷʵǳĸЧ١󣬹ڲϣɢֱ͸ģϵĴݻһģȺ볹ױݻҲͲԶˡ̾


2022 ɱӮ
ȷʵʹƳ޽ɽĴ
޽ɽĲ󷨣ʵԿһ̵Ľڲк֧ܶȶ湥ʱÿһιеֵ֧ÿһ֧ҪеԾͺСˡ
ԵַǿԵԵһݻ֧ġֻҪҵ󲿷֧ͨԼ󷨵˽⣬͸󲿷ֵܹһ֧ȥͲҪ̫õʱ䣬Ϳɴݻһǳ̵Ľ塣
ڲ֮ڵľɽˣȻҲʶԡɽǣýһ󷨺ıݻ٣ɽڵһʱ͸֪ˡ
˵ʵԭһҪݻ޽ɽ󷨣ϣǲġ
Դݻ޽ɽ󷨣ҪȺݻٺ칬ѶȻ򡣺칬󷨣ϷȻ޽ɽҪǿһЩҺ칬Ҳֻصǣʱĺ칬ûгƺƿ߲ٿֻصͲ
޽ɽоɽͷԲٿشͻԪӡ
ڡ
һıݻٺ󲻾ãڶıҲݻˣ󷨣ٴγ־ֲ̮
ıݻٺ˶Ѿܸ֪޽ɽķܿʼˡ
ɶ񣡡
ôԣҲôڣôྫʵҲͰˣȻҲоôɽҧݡ
Ȼܽ޽ɽгԱܽ
ǣûκΰ취ȥ뾰ɱɱ󷨷֮¹ԾҲûʲôв޽ɽֻžԲϴݻһ󷨺ġ
Խݻϰٸ󷨺ĺ޽ɽĲתʼ⡣Ը֪޽ɽĲתʼ͵֮νӣѳֶ·ˡ
Եƻڼûֹͣ˼ңĹƵʻԽԽ졣
Թ㵽Ҫʲôɽ̲סֿˡ
Կһ۾ɽ
֮ǰѾ˵ˣ޽ɽҪɱӮġɽӮ޽ɽ󷨱֮£Ҳֹңֻȴݻ޽ɽ󷨡ԵĮ˵
Ȼ˵жûֹͣ
䣡
ֹƬ̣
ڣ޽ɽһıըеĴŷ츲صȫֹͣתû󷨵ϣԪӵķסˡ
Դ߶մת黯ط޽ɽ֮ڴĹ˿ӮʱĿӮĿǻңͷϴĺѾов
ôôԹҵҪſϷŹңӮš
û뵽Ȼ޽ɽɽˣ޷סԡ
Ӯˣûǡɲ֮ѾӽӮһľ֮ڣ׽ӶµĽӿĻϢϮɱȥ
̫̫ɽҲһȡ
֮ϣ嫵ıͷų߾ȫҲҪסԡ
Ӯﱻɱ޽ɽɨأҲΪеЦԣ뱣סӮʩչԼǿٿػ綥ⱦԪӣͼֵԶԿӮĹ
УƺϵɽǻƴסӮھɽֵͬʱС̶ԾɽʩչһС
޽ɽǿߣҲڶԾԳ֡ЩƿߣԾӰ񲢲ΨһԻɱӮģֻоɽһΪˣȫϯɽ
һε깥УǾɽݵʹ֮СԾԵҲ΢ͣһ¡ҪģҲɱ˾ɽֻҪɽݵͣ١
ܶݣҲ㹻ˡ
ԵĻ֮Щ޽ɽƿߵ谭ڽֶַȫʩչĿӮϡ
е˺˿ӮһķֶΡӮڼ̵ʱڣһʹ˰ֶַΡе˺е֡ӮķֶΣֻʣˡĻҲǵ˿ڵһֶַΣӮʣֶַΡ֮ҲÿӮֶַеһ֣ʧȥ˷Ч
ںϵڰ˲ɵƵĻ֮һٻ˿ӮֶַΡڴ֮£ԿƬƬ⣬˿Ӯ
ӮһҽС
ɽסк󣬾ͿӮ屻ⶴľŭȡ
Ӯɳȥ׷ɾ벻Զֻ׵ӡɿӮȴ̼ɢһɶ


2023 һ
ڻɱӮ󣬾ûм޽ɽĳԱγɵɫ֣ٱ뿪޽ɽܲ
޽ɽĿֻһǻɱӮ޽ɽȫ濪սͲһ޽ɽǴź칬ڶǿһˡ
ڿӮѾնɱȻͲɽɱˡ
ɽˣӮɽˣһ޽ɽƿߣӮʬ֮ǰ鿴֮󣬲Ծɽ˵
˵Ӯ޽ɽı֮£ȻԳɹɱ
޷顣
ǹȥڣδЩ޽ɽĳԱûܹӲ޽ɽǵĸɽնɱ
޽ɽĳԱûռ飬Ϊпܵ顣
ǽ죬Ծôˡ
˵ʵھԻ޽ɽ֮ǰȻûΪܳɹɱӮΪֻҪӮɽ뿪޽ɽܲΧԾ͸κβÿӮⲻʱȥǱǿӮѾһʬ塣
̫󣬴Ŀöš
ɽȫ΢΢վ˿Ӯʬ壬ֿ˿ȻѾȥδ뿪ľԡ
Щ
ΪһͷԾԣǴĵһĸоȷʵŭǷŭûΪӮɱ׷žȥΪ֪Լκβþԣ޽ɽǿ֣ҲɱһˡңӮɽѾˣ뾰ȥɱҲûκε塣
֮ǰĳֻ֣ΪֹɱӮӮѾˡ
λͷ·һӱòࡣ
ԹӦ˰ɣɽЩɳơ
žɽޱ顣
ɽӮΪ㲻ȫ֪ҲӦ֪һ֡ӮϧˡɱΪ⽹ҵļ档ɱΪΪһ˽ٴݻ档Ե쳹ռ֮ء
ںܶ˿ڶһȺ飬Ҳˡ汻ݻ٣Ҳ̫顣ңôҾãκһ飬ʵܵλ츳ܵͣҲԼľʡǿߣɱߣĹˡǣɱ޹ʹݻһ棬Ϊ޷̡
Ժ󣬲˭ֶ£Ҷ£ǳƺƿߣȻһ
ɽɫӵĿžԡ
ȻǱⷬ˵ˣڻУЩﾳȽǿĵںڵ顣ɽĻͷ͸Ὣˡ֪ΪΣ־þԵЩЩ
һʱ䣬֪˵һЩ
ˣ飬ˡ˵ĻҲ˵ˡɽٵ޽ɽ󷨺ģҺܱǸԶԾɽ˹֡
Ӱ˸뿪޽ɽ
ˣλԹʥڣһƿüŻо뿪ıе˵š
λԹгƺƿսƿ߲飬ƺЩһʥȵƿߣ֪ξԼĸо
ʥȹӢȴƺԼ˼˵ͷ
Թȷʵһ
Ƿе⣬´鶼ΪȻܸоϵģǱӡԹıǸںЩС顣ǴӼСһǿʢйءҲĵġ
пܣΪСĵģнĳɾ͡Ľٶȣ˷˼
磬ǰ޹ˣǺˡȻҲдˣų޷󼰵ĻԵӢ˵
ʥȵǿߣ¶˼ı顣
ˣԹʵҲˣƿ޽ɽ󷨻ɱӮûʹǼµʱر˵ЩɲǶ޽ɽĳԱԺ˭ҪǸ¾СĻ飬һҪԼΪ᲻ᱻԹ֪ӢתĿɨڳˡ
֪Ӣ˼
ɽסӮӢҲסǣ
ˮ֮ڡ
Թսһ»˵
ˮ񹬳ԱסԺ¾С顣ǶЩ飬ֻҪԷŭǣǾնɱ»
ǣӦ


2024 »
Իص칬ҮꡢŮ洵˶ۼһӭӣÿ϶˷֮ɫ
ǵľԹ̫ˣһˣӲŪ޽ɽûκƢ
ӽԺ󣬾Թڻеĸ߶ȣҪһȫµĽ׶ˡȻԹȻûдﵽƺƿ߲Σսڳƺƿ֮ϡ
칬Ⱥˣ˼䣬ôҸɢȥȥæԼ顣
žԵǹƥնɱ޽ɽɽӮϢڻдԵҲﵽһȫµĸ߶ȡ
Ҫ֪޾޾ﾳƿ߲Ŷ٣飬ʵֻռĺٲ֡Щûдﵽ飬ȻԾԸж¡
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¸㣬Ҳ޷ʵ붫ۣǵµĹϵ»˵
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ǻҲ֪ǡţô궼ңԷ磬ȴң֪ġţһҡûлԡ»Ϣ΢΢ﶼЩˣ˼Զˡ
»ңʲô˼أʡ
뾰Թһǰ׾򣡶۵׾򣬻һЩЩָ֮⡣ȥ׾򿴿ﵽʲôһ˵ʵܽ׾򣡡»̧üžԡ


2025 
׾
ǰδ˵ط칬ڵϵ伮֮УҲδй׾Ľܣûӡ
طԽǵһ˵µļ¼Ҫľǹ׾ϢһЩݱ÷ǳޣһЩ׾֮ǧ˿ϵġ
ʵ»öʧ׾йأǾԿµЩϢҲΪ۵ʧٰ˳붫йء
µϢһΪҪĻ仰Ĵŵ˼ǣ޾Уƺƿ߲ļޡڻУûܹԽƺƿ硣ǰûУԺҲС׾öۿϣ׾ǳƺƿٴοһΨһϣ
»֮󣬾Գá
׾ܲóƺƿ߿һ֪ȷ׾ǼΣգǶԳƺƿ˵ҲһΣա
»һЩһǺ׾ƺƿ߶֪𣿿иĳƺƿߣ׾򣿡üʵ
»˵Թʵƺƿ߶֪׾ĴڣҲ֪׾ʲôλáǣ֪׾Ľ뷽Ҳȷûƺƿ߽׾򣬵Կ϶Ӣɽȳƺƿߣδ׾򡣾ЩԶųƺƿߣҲͬˡ
Ŀǰ˽ϢڣƺҲ֪ν׾ֻǣȻ֪׾ķҵȴȥγԽ룬ȫʧˡ»ҡͷ˵
»Ϊβƺƿأ̧ü˵
Ҳ˼Ǵͷ޾УʵǿҲǼռ仹һЩԶųƺƿߣǵʵҴŶ˽⡣һЩܱҵʵҪǿһЩȴҲǿ١Ҫ׾ͬҲ»ҡͷ
»˵ԴҲˡ
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ԭ뷨ǵȾ̤ƺƿ߲Σ׾򡣾ԵĻ뷨
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»̫߿ңƿ߿ƺƿߣ޾ϵУѿһǰٶȷʵ죬һ˵ҪáԶ粻һҡҡͷ˵
Թд˵ˣǲһ»Ŀ˾һۡ
»˵Щ󣬱Ը뿪
»뿪󣬾Ҳ˺칬ı⣬Щһϵ伮Ƿй׾ļֻǰע⵽ϸķһе伮ȷʵûз׾Ϣֻҷ¡
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Դź칬ֶһо飬Լ󷨵Ĳϣص˼档
Ȼ˵ڿû˸ٽԼļ棬Իǲȫģڼ޾ͨĳڣ󷨡
󷨲Ƿ飬ҲԼļѾܣ綼֪ԼļʲôλáЩͬ׾ܵõϢпвٻ鱳壬Ǵ̽Ϣܷ㡣˿ɣΪ˱ԼרȥԼļ档
һ棬̫ˣﾳԼļ棬ǿ²÷ʲôܽԼļɸɾңпýҲǽﾳǰԼļ棬ԾԱ׼
ֻҪó󷨣޷ͨͨ룬ôвͻ󽵵͡ȻСǿдƿ棬ѶҲǱȽϴģǳƺƿ߼ǿ߳ʱ乥


2026 ɵԲ
ڼиԽ沼õĴⶼ̽һ顣
ȻѾأڣھֻҪź칬ʦ޸ͱü򵥶ˡ
Իƴܡ
沼󷨣ʵδķ̫˼ֻǼ򵥲óġҲǲΪ󷨣ҪķѵʱͲ϶̫ˣǺ棬ҪһɶǺѵ顣
һ棬ֲʲôǳҪĵطҲòŲ̫󷨡
ڣԵȻᾡĲ󷨣úõıԼļ档
ˣԿʼ𣿡һ칬ó󷨵ĵѯʾԡ
ʼɣԵͷ
ΪȻλһȺ칬ʦվԵĹ滮Ѹ󷨡
ڴĲȥʱ䣬ƴǴ󹦸ˡ󷨣ǳƺƿҪûһЩ˼
ҪģҲȫֵƺƿߣгƺƿ߹ôҲΪȡһЩʱ䣬ֻҪʱͿԡ
棬һЩ飬һ澰һ뿪档߷ѩоˣʱڼ档߷ҲʹԣǷܽ޾뾰һ𣬾ڿǺǼ档
Щ뿪飬浮ĳʼ飬ԽǣڳԨ۵ѩ׹Ϊǵʵ̫츳ҲȽϲһЩǲܽ칬ģǹأҲƻ칬Ĺ
ǰѩ׹ǱȽ׵ġ춴桢ǣҲһֱѩ׹
ٴλص칬ľԣܿͳڱչС
޾УȻԾţǵӶԴȻɱ˲߲㣬ͲںʧȺһ㡣
һꡭ
ꡭ
ʮꡭ
ʱ䣬ȥ˾ʮ֮
һ죬ں칬֮ڵľԣ۾Ȼ
Կзһȡ
ָǰĽɫ·ֶЩɫƣٵıţʱһɫ̫ͼⲢǽڵһ̫ͼֳȻдĽɫƼɵڶ̫ͼ
ţ̫ͼҲɹγɡ
̫ͼڿռγΡͼÿһȥǶģ֪Ǳ˴֮ģ˲䴫˴˺Ӧпµܲž˵ƻ
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ھŲɵƣڱˣ԰ͷ
ǻ缶ط۹ܣҪȹлҪǿһԸӦŵھŲɵֳ̺ܡ
ɵƫ򹥻Ļطۺϵطǲһġ˵ɵƸΪ׷󹥻ԵȹҪȹлҪǿһЩ
ھŲĺɵܣҪȵڰ˲ɵǿֹʮɵھŲ㣬ǴԲˡڰ˲ھŲȻֻһΣϾԲ벻Բ𡣴ӵڰ˲ﵽھŲԲܱҲھԵԤ֮С
дӵڰ˲㵽ھŲ㣬ͬһǳ˵ȡ
ңھŲ֮󣬾ȻһֵĸоܾùƺһЩûպ򵽵ġ
ھŲɵ뵽֮Уˣ
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ҵľ磬ûܿƺƿ߲ΡǰΪҵľ磬пܻյھŲɵƺƿ߿ƺƿ߲Ρڿҵжϲ׼ȷô׸ΣĿƺƿ߾أü˼
ĳƺƿߣһЩҲֻһֻ缶طѡڵľԣѾպɵƺ͹ֶطȻǳƺƿߡеھŲĲԲɺɵƵھŲǿȷԲģΪλ޷ƺƿߣ
ѵҪԼ缶طΪƺƿߣգΪֿпΪܵġ
ʼɣе
ԿʼԼĻ֮֮ںԼյԵĿǰѾմֻҪصĲַҲյΣô֮طĹǼܾˡ
ԵĵǱȽ϶ģǧ֮һʵֱӻ߼ӵĹϵˮ֮֮ϸ֮֮ľ֮ȵȵֱء
ԵȻҲҪصĵգͷۣҲһʵֻҪԵѡһЩ򣬽μɡ


2027 ǰҹ
Իڼ棬ʵ΢֮ʱͶԵķ֮бȽ϶Ĳ򡣺ʵǷԵķ֮
ĿǰԵʵ˵Է֮ȷʵǱȽϵͶˡڻУвٵĻԵնȾԸ߳һЩ
Ⲣûʲô
ԾڵǴͷʼв֮Ҳ̫ʱ䡣Ͼľ㹻ߣ㹻ǿ󣬷֮Ϻܶ谭ѣѲסԡ
ȻˣҪ֮ɱ䵽ڽ֮һĲΣ˵ͱȽѿ
ʱҲûȥҪЩصĴļƻǣȽԵķ֮ͻƣȻۺжϣԼЩеȽС
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ﵽΣһαչؼ꼸ǧ궼
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ţɫӰԿӵ˵ͷ
ʱ仹ǱȽϲִһЩȻӽȫѹԴۼԴԵò̫㣡˵
һǧ֮ǰ˾һе߾ȫѼԴ׼ȫ濪սǧǰ˾ûʲôˡ
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ѾٵȥˡǸоԵ飬һ̤ƺƿ߾磬ǽѶԸȹ˻ҪѶԸöࡣΪɱˣͻ˳û뵽ðһԣǸ˵
ǣԣȷʵסӵͷ˵
׼һЩԴ㽻塣ǣ꣡ȫ濪սסҪңԽԽáԽǻңŸлᣡ֣һзɳ
ӿٽ˹һҲ΢΢һ
һռ䣬ǳӴѷ޷Դ֪˼ΪʱȽ٣ȻһǧѹԴõԴȻԶԶԵóһЩԴʹá
ǣǧҪʧ⼸ҵʧѾܴǲЧҲܵõһĻôЩ壬Ҳһɡͳ˵
Ϊ˻һ磬ȷʵܶࡣ
ǻ֮⣬һǿ飬ı޷һ硣㸶޴Ĵۣǿн٣ʵҲܵǳصѹơѹƣǷǳµġ
ʵԽǿⲿ磬ҪĴ۾Խλһ磬Ǻķ˺ܴЩĸ磬ͬˡ
ʵϣⲿѣԴҪ磬ѡһԴ͵ͬǺķ˺ܴĴۡ
ģһᶽȫԸģӹ˹뿪
ӣǵ£ΪʹͽˣǵͬʱڽһġһڣҲ˼ʱˡ
ʹͽ뿪󣬱ǰĻڲĿռдãһǳصĿռ䡣һռ䣬ĳѨĿǰΪֹ鶼ûҵѨ
ѨֻĸԪ˧߲֪뷽Ľ޷Ҳûʸ
һռ䣬ֲ༫ªĽЩһ۾ϳĽ
ʹͽһռ䣬ֱռΪӴһ֮ڡ
ʹͽˣһӣ̼乧ļ
һȫһΪȻһԪ˧εҲǻеƿ߲Ρ
еԪ˧սǳ뺷Ȼƿһ䱬еƿߺҵǵġԪ˧սԨƿ൱ġ
ƺƿߣҪնɱԪ˧Ƿǳѡ
ң廹層ݺʱִɱ層ݺʱʹãǲľ޴вǳƺƿǲС뵽Ԫ˧Χɱ֮Упܱɱġ
ţʦͽɨһԪ˧ΪΰĽ֮ڡ


2028 綥ط
ʦͽ뽨
Ĵ֮ڣһźɫı۾Ķ䶯š
һźɫͺӴҪԪ˧ӴٱˣһŶڽڣԵñȽСĽж
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ĸƺܵʹͽ䶯þ
ˣôϻʹͽͷİڰ֣Ҵ˵µˣȫ汬ս
˵ЩûõģǵԴ㣿ǵ˸ǵģʹͽǴռ䶪˳ȥ
ֵһĻ
ռ䣬ڷɵĸǰʱ򣬱·𶨸ڿռ֮Сĸ忴ͺһ⣬ûֽŵģǶżǿƿͨմЩͶУǵ츳
ҪǸлֻҪõ˷Ը鼴ɡסˣ֮սҪȫ汬޷⣬֪ʲôʦͽͳ˵
ĸĽʽﲻֱͬ˼ûκε
ʦͽȥ֮һĸ壬еķʽĸϵ
һĸ壬һоŸŸĸ壬һЩƺƿȺɱʣ߸߸ĸ壬ܿϵһǴѶϢķʽǳأǵƺܷ䵽޾κν䣬Ȼ黥ഫѶķʽҪ򵥵öࡣ
ҪѶ̫ԶǾͺ鷳Ҳֻռ֮سԱԼһЩǿ飬ֿԷǳңԶ봫Ѷı칬ƣıֻһƣƹǺܸӵģҪķѴϡ
һĻ飬һı
߸ĸ彻á
Ǳģȫ濪ս˵ǴڱȽơǣҲûѡءҪȫ濪սǱ

칬
ȶסˣǼˣָڿռڵһӰֳ
ջָռֵĽӰɢ⽣Ӱͷ·ʵһ㡣
Ӱвû̺ʲôǿܣֻǴ߶һ

ܺãǼΪͼ򵥶ˡĵͷ
֮ĹǼܣǾԴĻ綥طĸǼܣںմصĴһǾִ
һξԱչؽӽһǧ꣬ʵ֮߰ǰԾѾصİֵȫΡ߰꣬һֱڹȶĽǼܣѵһ衣
ִںһǺȶģǾԣҲǺķ˴ʱ;ִӣֻҪһ˿һƫǼܱʧܡ
Ҳʧ֮󣬲ڳɹ
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ȡ׽

׽裬޴Ľ⸡ֶһ⣬գͺһѾ޴ޱȵĳƯıԵִγɵķââֱֹ͸ݡ
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ԴӺ磬ͽɵ뵽֮ΪԼĹֶΡɵ֮ʱںϱһˡ
Ҳ˵ԴĻ֮ںܶطǨͺɵƵġɵǺɵ洴طҲȥĺɵơԼ֮ڴУͿѡкɵ޷෴ĵطڵһʱȥ仯
û⡣ɵƣ֮ںϣֻ綥طϣܣжǿ۾Ҳڴúܡ


2029 ȫ汬
УԽʩչ֮Ȼܣ̫ɢȥʵﵽΣǷſֽ֣ǲɱȽϴĸ
ֲǶԵУǲƽ׵ȥ˻硣
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ھ֤֮ںϺɵܲεʱͻȻ΢΢һһڤڤ֮еĸӦ
ǡһ㶣޷ԽĿϲ
ڵȵһˣڡҪƺƿˣĿбŷ⡣
Ȼ̤ƺƿ߾ҪԼ缶طȻԻ֪ԭ򣬵ʱҪȥ̽ͻƳƺƿ˵
ৣԽ涴һ涴һ̱ǻص˹ռ䡣
Դ㣬ڹռ䣬ͻƳΪƺƿߡ
򵥵ڶһк֮󣬾Աһ֮ڡڹռͻƣҪں칬һЩָо
ռлԪڣںܶ෽棬ȷʵ޾ܹȵġǺ칬ռܲҲ޷ռȡ
ڽ֮ڣԿʼΪͻ׼գԵ״̬𽥵ѡ
ʽͻ֮ǰԻ̷һöԪҶ
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֮ǰԵսȻ޾磬Զųƺƿ߿ܶǾԵĶ֡ǣϾǳƺƿߡ⾳磬ɲǴĶԱսս磬ôǳƺƿˡ
һ˵ȷʵǾԽߵʵԽǿһЩȽ飬ҲԽսġȻǳټ
ʼɣ
׼ĸԴ㹻ʹãôڣ۾ݵһ£±ϣʼųƺƿȥͻơ
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ʱ䣬ܿ͹ȥˡȻֻͻһ磬ͻƣҪʱȻǽꡣȥԻڱչ֮С
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ȻԴѾ׼֮ǰʮʱĻԽԽƵӶԴѾо̫ǣȫʱ򣬻ڳڣȻǽڽڰˡ
µʱ䣬ʮȱݻ٣ĻݻٵĻȿ˵ǳױˡ
칬ˮ񹬡޽ɽʥĸռҲȫתЩǿĻеǿߣҲ׷׵ľۼǰӳֵ
ﾳƿ߲λֿӺٶȼȫֿռȻš
칬
򸱹Ү긱λټĿǰľơ칬鱨ɵתһϢӸر칬ܲ
ˣ׵ص˵
ڵȷⲻСģﱩˡּ󿴣ƺȫĿǰֵԪ˧ѾʮȻиԪ˧δֵġʱƣ󣬽иԪ˧ǵߡ
ﵽҪʲô
ڿӦҪȫ濪սˣҮ긱˵
Ү긱Ļڳ˶΢΢һ
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һȫ濪սʼ֮ǰһռ֮ظ飬ķ˺ܴĴۣŽ֮￪ʼһڣǴڻܻ׷ɱ
Ľ죬ٴȫ鿪սļʵϣĿǰ̬Ѿÿսˣ˵Ѿȫ濪սˡ
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ǰ˼ǰ뿪칬Ҳ֪ȥʲôطǰ죬ѾѶûиһӦҲ֪Ƿ֪е򸱹üҡͷ˵
˿϶ġˮǼռʲô㣿
ռ֮صļռɳǿ߳ȥĿǰ滹Ǻʣľӳֺܶ࣬ͷδ¶ϵ˵


2030 Σ
ĴռȣĿǰѾǲﾳƿ߲Ը
ЩҲȷ֮ǰͽǿ߶ǲȥɱ塣
޾УȷʵѾвڷ񹥻飬ȽϷɢҴӹģжϣЩɱ¾ӲһЩӣֻĽҲǽﾳ죬ԸľӣֻҪһƿ߲λӽɱɡ
սȫ汬ĵꡣ
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ȻѾˣɱ¾Ȼڡڵɱ¾ĸռͬգȻΪܵ
ⶫܵ޽ɽƿء
ʱ֮ܵڣһ޽ɽĻţܣҲһʸϵƿ߲ǿߡʵϣƿжǱȽǿġ
һ죬ܵƺһΪƿţܵ޼Ҫ飬ǲ뿪ġҲڹע޾Ļңÿһʱ䣬Ҫ㱨Ķ
ƿ֮Уһ層ݣȴڿٵŶܵӽ
層ݣ޷̽鵽ģҪֻ֣ۿƿ߲ǿߣ̽鵽層ݵĴڡ層ڱȽϵ͵ٶƶ£͸ѱ֡層ٶȱȽϿƶ£ΪʱշŤһܱ֡
層ݣڼŶܵƶʱѾ붫ܵǺԶˡƺҲı֣ݣٶȷСٶȣմˡ
ʱʱ䣬層ݾѾӽܵһ֮ڡ層ͣ
֮ڣӿﾳܿܶࡣڱӴĽУһĸ壬ٵ䶯šԿ䶯֮Щµ󣬱רžۼԴǵʵ֮
Ӵ󹬵ڣĸ֮⣬Ԫ˧ۼ
ˣ涴ɹʱԵִһݡһԪ˧·ǽӵһЩѶϢͻأĿ˵
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ܺãôͿʼɣǣȻɱ¾ܵһԪ˧˵
ɱɱ飡ǣռһ磡Ԫ˧ͬʱһȡ
һʱ֮󣬳ˮӱӿķֲڻ֮С
Ԫ˧ͷ󣬷ֱһ֧ģӴľŶܵɱȥµԪ˧ʼӳ涴ڱԴԴϴ͹ĺ
ԣһ層ݣڱȫս֮Уһ֧ӡ
ɱܵ붫ܵѾܽʱ򣬶ܵڵ飬ȻصһڶܵԶеĿ¾
ţ֮ܵеĻ飬˲侪ѡ
ˣһﾳ۷飬ٶţܡ
ˣˣˣ棬ӿﾳ飬Щŵ˵
ʲôţ͵վ۾Բ·ǲŵӡ
һڵ
֮ܵУм󷨴ڣţϾͿ˻еľȳһĽӽԼصĶܵ
ţʶƿߣҲ̲סһЩ󷨵飬һɫףҳ
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ţ۾ˡ
ɱ¾Ķܵʵռ֮صĴŻκһܵݻ٣ǽĴһͽֱвռ֮ˡ
ˣǡô죿Щ塭ӣģǳӴ󡣵쿴Ԫ˧Уǡӣˣں󷽣ıݴڣһﾳЩ͵˵
ţ˼תȻ𾪣ҲЩңϾƿ߲ǿߣǰҲûɱԪ˧ֹȻԪ˧Ķ֣ǵһν֣ҲɹԪ˧ѵˡ
ţûﾳĻȡԼƣٶȽϢ޽ɽܲ


2031 
ɽ˵ɱ¾ܵϢҲһ
̣㽫޽ɽƿ߲ǿȫټ
ɽˣ֮ܵ⣬Ԫ˧ģӴӣһ֮һܵķ㲻ӣҲס̫ʱ䣬Ҫǲǿ֧Ԯܵ
ûǻҪ֪ͨ칬ռȣ֧Ԯܵ
²˳٣һܵռݣôܱڶȱ㶼ļ̤Χ֮ڡռ֮أҲܵصв
ɽˣѾѶ칬ˮ񹬺ʥȣѾ֪¡칬Ǳ߻ظϢ˵ǵĹԲ칬֮ڣʱҲϵϣǻɳƿ߲һ֧ﾳɵĺ칬֧Ԯܵ
޽ɽƿߣ׷׿˵˵ٶܿ죬ǽʱ̣Ȼ̵ȥ
ţɽɫصĵͷ
޽ɽﾳӣ׼ûУʵ
ɽˣ޽ɽﾳԱ֮һѾʱԳ޽ɽĸɽ˵
޽ɽԭҲλɽ֮ǰӮɽɱֻʣһλɽˡ
ã̱һ֧ǰܵ菪ɽɽȣȫһͬǰɽ˵
ǣӦ
ɽŽӽʮƿ߲ǿߣ޽ɽﾳԱɵľӳ
ΪǳĶܵ޷̫õʱ䣬ԾɽֱӴ޽ɽƿߣͨʱճ嶯ֱӵִﶫܵ޽ɽƿߣӴľӳ۷ǰ
ƿܽʱճ涴ҲҪۣҪĺܶңʱճ涴̫鴫ͨ涴Խ࣬涴ͻԽŪþͻֱӱҲͬʱɱĴ͵ǿԣҪó涴תһ֧ӣ̫ˣ޽ɽҲͳܲĴۡ
ͬĵܹ嶯ģתƾӣǽ涴ҲҪġһ涴ﲻҪԴҲҪķѷǳʱ䡣
һ層Ϣܵ׼ãҲûܽ涴ã󱻾Է˽ڵ㣬Ȼƺƿִ߳ݻһ涴
ܵ
ɱ
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ˮŶܵȥͶǳӴ󣬵ʱڼңԶȥǾһڵ㡣
ܵţܣɫī
֮ܵڣڶһ֧أҲһ֧ʵ뺷ľӣȻ̫࣬гԱﾳںﾳ۷ǿߡң֧רŴģǿԺάһܺ嫵սս֮УÿԱʵǿ࣬Ҳȵࡣ
С͵ӣô֧һγɱܻӡڣ֧ģӴޱȵӳ֧ܵɱ¾ǳȥҲ뻢ڣҲмһЩ˻Ҳͱûˡ
ţܲδ֧ӳܵ
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ܵʼоҵ
ͨڼ󷨸γɵĻ棬ԿѾ붫ܵΧ󷨽Ӵ
ϣµţɫ⽻֯ɾ޴Щȫһͷײ֮ϡ
ۣ
ЩӴͱΪɻҡ
ܵռ֮صŻĴŻռȻǼ俴صġԣܵķҲǷǳľˡܵʱ򣬾ͼǲϧۣһ󷨣ʹ˴ʦķ֮áڽϺϵļӹԼ
ԣΧ󷨣ҲǷǳǿġЩȽСΧײ˲Ϣͱɷɻҡ
Χ֯γɵϲﱻɱ
ﲻţȴǰֶûɵȻѾкܶﱻɱ֧Ӵ˵ǾţһëˡңڱɱСģд󲿷ֶǴؾﶼֻռС֡
СеڻңӹǿطõֶΡ


2032 㱻
߲㣬ͲںײЩСҲηǾ֪ԼԸ߲Ȼǲκγɺԥ
ŴСܵΧ󷨽֯ԭŨĹâ𽥱ð̫Լֹͣתļ
Դˣڶܵڲţܵˣֻȴȥı䡣
ֹһʱ
䣡
ΧڱһƬĹκ󣬳׵İȥ󣬱˹ȥ֮ǰȻ󷨽ɱ˴СڿȥͿˡ
ˣһ󷨷Ȧˣһﾳ۷飬תͷ˿ţܣ˵
ǰˣţ˵
Χ󷨷˵ģܹĸʱھͳơвȦҪǿö࣬ҪƣôҲʮ°ɣһɫ۵ƿ߳˵
ɫ۵ƿߣ޽ɽĳԱҲκһռĳԱɢޡڶܵţĸ֣ҲǶܵĸҲǼ𼫸ߵɱ¾ߡ
ϣ˰ɣţܵ˵ͷ
Ҳ̫ġӸطϢǵѾŶܵȾ½ǾܻЩˡ˵
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ţܵȻ֪ƿгƺƿ߻ἰʱƿߺͳƺƿϾ̫ˡ˼սֵӰжأ
ƺƿսھ磬һƺƿߣɱ㲻վűɱǲҲҪʱ䣿˵ǳƺƿߣϵĴ߶طֶιҲҪķѴƺƿɱһʱҲûϢָָȵȡ
ȫսͲָܽ˵Ļˣ˵Ļ̫٣սҪȡ飬Ҫ鶼
ֻƾһЩƺƿߺƿ߾ܻʤôܹռ֮ء

ʱ򣬶ܵӴ⣬һг֡Ӱ˳Ϊ׵ˣ޽ɽɽɽ޽ɽƿߣȵִ˶ܵ
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ȻɼʱͱƣҲ̫ˡȫ񹥻
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ܿ죬˶ص˼󷨸ۿ֮γɵľ޴档
ɽֻһۣȷڽܵӣӡ
ڣǰû˿˵Ҷڶŷ֮γɵĻ棬ĺڵ㣬ʱܿɫ彫
֧ӣԪ˧ͳ졣彫ʮҡɽһᣬ˵һ䡣
ȶȥ̽һɽת˵
ɽˣСġţܵ˷׷˵
ɽͷӰһʧǰ
һ̣ɽѾΧ۲һᣬ󷽷С
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Ȼ層ݴڣɽһ
層̽飬ʱɽѾ۾ǼӴ層ݡң層֮ڣԴԴЩճ壬ȽСǴؾĲΣܲס̫ˣɽɨŪ̫ж
ɶ񣡿ɶ層ǲݻ٣ǶܵǺס層ڣ϶г涴ˣĸڡݻ٣뽫ݻ٣ɽҧҧ
Լһ˳֣ԶԶ޷ݻ層ݵġҪݻһݣϳƺƿֺң⻹ǱȽϱصļ㡣һг涴ĸıݣǷ϶ӿ£˵ʱֹһĻҪݻѶȾ͸


2033 Χɱɽ
ɽϢ層֮⣬ʼϵƺƿߡ
ֻдݻݣϾ·ôһսȡʤĻܴһЩ
ھɽѶƺƿߣЩƺƿ֧Ԯʱһ層֮ڣڱиЭͨ涴͹Ԫ˧Ҳپ۵һ
ǶѾ֪˰ɣһԪ˧Ԫ˧˵
ţǻռ޽ɽľɽһԪ˧ͷ޴ͫУɭɭ⡣
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ɽ層֮⣬ȻѾϢǱˡڸղţĸ彫Ϣ˱ڵԪ˧
ûĸڣôɽԪ˧ȷʵһܷ֡
ЩѣҪԡʱܽסлὫɱɽǻһͷɱܴʵӰǵʿһԪ˧˵
ǾͿʼɣٿʱңȥԿܲܽɽ뱤ݸĵط뱤ԽΧɱϣԽ󡣡Ԫ˧һҵԪ˧
ȻԪ˧˵ȻеλԸߵ͵ġԪ˧ʵҲһеǿһЩеСһЩʵԽǿģȻλԽһЩ
áԪ˧
סǲܽôһҪסһĸ壬ټӽǾɽȻٿʱһסΪ׵Ԫ˧˵
˵еĳƺƿҲǷǳɱġƺƿߵʵ̫ˣһڷ̫ǿһ£Ԫ˧Ǻѽӽƺƿߵġ
ҪɱƺƿߣֻܿʱգȻͨΧɱķ
ǵʷУȷʵҲɹɱƺƿߣһʵǿĳƺƿߡ
ԪҲٿʱסǾɽ̱һ֧ҪɱҪɱǸһ֧ľӣҲϧġΪ׵Ԫ˧һԪԪ˧Ը
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ҲûдԪ˧ɽû뿪۲һᣬδԼ
ɽ˼նɱһԪ˧ȻǺջ飬ǶԳƺƿ˵Ҳˡ
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µķ򲨶е˲ϢǴԽգ䵽Ԫ˧ǰ
𣡡Ԫ˧һŭ޴Ľɫͷ­ɫĲǰ
ɽطĻںɫ֮ϡԪ˧壬һɾ޴Ʒ˳ȥ
Ԫ˧ʵҲǿƺƿ߿һھɽǰȻǴھ·ġһȥͱķˡҪɱԪ˧ɽҲܶʱ
Ԫ˧ɳȥŬס塣
ɽһˣɱңԪ˧ҡԴԶԶĳžɽŭȡ
ǾԿɽʩչطȫ񱩡
ʱԪ˧ȴת󳷡
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ԣɽͲȥ׷Ԫ˧
Ԫ˧תһᣬɽ׷֪ԼСϷˡֵתͷٴžɽȥȻܽɽݸôͲסɽȷԪ˧ĵִ︽ٿʱסɽ
Ԫ˧Ϊ׵ľǷԪ˧
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Ԫ˧񱬷ǿսɽϱɽɳȥҲϳơʱڣȫܹɽɱһġɳȥסٻǡ
ûãһӽ˾ɽԪ˧ɱսϢ죬ķٶȾˣɽԽԽ
ǡ
Ϊε壿ɽĿ⣬


2034 
ɽԼһ˫ۿ̿û̽鵽
ƺƿߵĿȻǺǿġɵۣܿһͨ˴С֣˵ʵҲǾܽˡ
ɽܿ層ݣΪݷǳǳӴӴ壬ȻԶ
Ԫ˧ĽɽǼٽӽ
ǷԪ˧Ԫ˧Ϊ˽ӽɽ뱤ڵĸæټ⻯ΪΡ
ɽͽԪ˧ɽĿⶢԼȵ
ۣţָ屾壬Ӵھɽһӱˡ
һ˲䣬Ԫ˧ǲٿʱʱɽѾܽʱӰ췶ΧǺܴģɽȵʱƷΧ֮ڡ
εѹ֮١
ɶʱɽҲоһѹתܵӰ죬ԷĿͬɬ
˵ز˾
ȻضܵɽתʼԶ層ݡ
ɽߣѾˡԪ˧Ƥҩһ㣬žɽ
ʱѹƾɽԪ˧ûκӰ졣ѹƵľɽͰѲԪ˧Ԫ˧Ҳһ߲ٿʱһ߽ӽɽʱλãǿġ
ܿ죬ɽͷٴһ
֮ڣһȺҲԼΪ׵ģȻһԪ˧Ԫ˧󣬻ʮ彫һ֧еǵ۷ͨﾳ塣
ɽЩ
ǱڶΧסΣˡʵȻǿᣬϵĲɱҪġôͿܱɱ
УԲܱס
򣬾ֻܼϣƺƿߵҡðգһȺΧס֮ǰʱɽתͷ
ҪʱҲǺѵġһԪ˧סԪ˧ٿʱٶȽҲʩչմ󣬵Ԫ˧ʱѹþɽٶȽ͵صĳ̶ȡ
ƣһȺ徫ӢΧסɽʱˡ
ɽȫ߶һδκԪ˧Ԫ˧ԽԽأϢҲСࡣԪ˧·ںԼƴҲҪסɽ
ھɽǰһĿȻܹɱԪ˧ôӦþܱȽ˳ʱԼɱԪ˧֮ǰһȺΧסԼкܴ
ּκԪԪ˧ŵľӢѾɽԽԽˡۿţҪ빥Χ
ڳһҲ
Ԫ˧ټּ֣ԪԪ˧Ϳʱ˺ϢָơԪ˧Ԫ˧˵
סԪ˧žɽȥͬʱӦ˵
ɽͻȻһȡ
ֱ˦
һɫ壬˦˳һɫηŴֻաɫ֮ڣʱӰ֮գ۵ʱڣɫȫɢڹ֮Уˮڽܿˮ
һرȻﲻֻصǸΣҲֻصһζѡǳƺƿߣҲر۲úܡ
ⷢɫر߷󣬾ɽûȻǰȥԪ˧ڽӴɫ֮ܵٶȵǽ
ʱ󣬾ɽڰʱӰ죬תһۺ󷽣ĺһ
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ҿһرȻĺѰʱϧҲʧˡɽЩۡ
׳ر󣬸ûлὫջģΪر֮һرɽһҲѡΪʧġ
ˣ
һ㣬Ͳһ㡣
ǸЩϸֱ̫ࡣЩ︨ΧɱɶˡԪ˧ϣԹ
ۿܳɹΧɱǾɽɻʧˡȻõ˾ɽӳǿرﶼʹһڵرҲ޷ʹáõˣҪռҪ͵Դյ
ɽضܵڣԵЩǱܵڣ޽ɽţܡ菪ƿ߼ɽӭ


2035 Թ
˼ɽɫϢҲͲµɽ϶ѾｻˣҿܻԿˡ
ɽţܵɨĿż۵Ļ档
ڷܵڶȦ
ڶȦ󷨼ǿᣬһʱᵹǳ岻ơ
Ǵ㹥Ƕܵġɽصڡ
˶ɫȻ
ȻҲвжϣ̣ƵĿȷʵСɽôһ˵˻ǲ
Ӻ󷽣һ層ݡԴԴϵĴǳܵػ󷨣ɱԶûдӱڳࡣ
Ҳ˵ܴݻ層ݣôܵٵѹԽԽ󡣡ɽ˵
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ѾϵλƺƿߣӦúܹܿʱһ£ν層ݴݻ١ڣӦûĸڡɽ˵
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޾壬ԴͷЩĸ塣ûĸ壬ôЩвͺСˡʱڲɾʱƣȫġ
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һִģλԶųƺƿߡ
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һڳ˶תĿ֮۵Ļ棬ȻһЩӴﾳ뵽˳УŶܵڶȦ
ЩﾳɱЩؾµöࡣǵڶػҪɱﾳҪķѲ̵ʱ䡣Щﾳ嵽󷨷Χڣƻֱɱ
ﾳȽ٣ɽģﾳԽԽࡣڶ󷨵ѹȻ󡣾ɽˣѾܿڶ󷨿ʼϵı
Щ׷ˣ
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ﾳػ󣬹ȻƻǿʧҲͬ޴ȺУﾳҲǱȽϸ߼ˡͨﾳ֮ϣǾǽﾳҲǽ塣
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ѾλƺƿߵִﶫܵҪݻһ層ݣЩǿңһӦĸ壬ôػûĸıݸǿɽ˵
ǰĸ֣Ҳ޷ݻݡܴݻ٣ķѵʱҲȻܳδݻ٣ܵͱˡͷ˵ѻϼһôûҶѶֽĥʲô
ԹҲ֪ȥѶûκλӦԹǴݻٱݵİվʹˡӢ˿˵


2036 в㱻
ӢԣɽЦ˼ԾԣûκκøС֮ǰԼ޽ɽɨء
û˵ʲôԾûøУɷϣԵʵĿ¡оǴݻ層ݵĻȷʵҪܶࡣ
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ٴȡѶߴٶѻ棬ǻܵ군ˡܵݻ٣ռ֮صһûˣһƽռ֮ˣ
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رˣ˵ԿʵϣԿԴˣģܶԪ˧Ūˡ
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ɽźӵȵǿĹ飬й˶ۼһ
жܵ飬Ҳ͵õϢǻУͬҲǹռС
ϸ磬ػߴһֱչأܵǸòòȡжɽŹʵ
ǰһﱩңǲͬѰͬһΣЩƺǲϧһеķսȫԼʧźü˵
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˵Ҳͷͬ⡣
ʱľԣڳƺƿ߾硣
綥ط֮󣬱ԼоͻƵչس̡Ҳû뵽չصʱﾹȫ汬
մԴȡ
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ԸоԼͻƣѾǳĽӽȻǷȱһЩʲôָоʱʱģҪһŵʱ򣬱ʧþԣҲǷǳǡ
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һ㴰ֽҵǰ·־ͱƣɵ֣ȴִ֪ԼͻƲκΰԼһ³ٺãҲⲻЩꡣ
ҿ֪еǸˡ

֮ܵ⡣
֧ӣҲ½ĵִﶫܵ⼸֧ӣռ֮ؼռԱɵľӡռ֮أ붫ܵȽϽ߼Ļۣǵִﶫܵǲ
⼸֧ӵִͬʱڶ󱻻ˡ
ڶѻ˵еڶ層ݽӽ󲻾ãܵڵ˾ͷ֣ۼڵڶȦ֮Ӷ֧֧ģӴӣͬһԪ˧ͳ졣ö룬Ҳµó³֧ӣڸոյִһ層ݡ
ڶȦѾòˣð֧ģӴͬޱȷļ԰ʱ󣬵ڶȦͳ군ˡ


2037 սɱ
ܵڶȦҲвƺ֧ĵܵһȦȥ
䣡䣡䣡
ǣǣ
һӴٶȣײڶܵһȦ֮ϡЩײĵطЩСԷȦĳ̫ԣЩﾳɵƻ˴Ŀˡ
ڶܵ֮ڵλƺƿ߻дռ֮عĻӣԵúܸܰоؼ両
һǱƣôܵʧȥһϡˣҪֱЩ
λʧֳɱһˡ滷ܣͻȻ˵
ƺƿߣͲٴռ֮عﾳƿ߾顣ڽ֮⣬дĻ飬Щͬɶ顣
ְɣ
սѾˣͰռƻеĳɱ棬ˡɽ˵
вȦǰ󣬴ڵˣѾһս󹥻
ӴΪսյĽעǱһһơ
һȽϴƣ鱦ڶܹ࣬һЩܽ׶ε󷨡ʵǿ飬һ֧ʵһЩɵľӣܹӳһһڶʵ
ɽ˵棬Ϊ潫Ҫͷ棬ƿ߲飬ڰƿ߲֮󣬻һ֧ģȽӴĻӡһ֧飬ȳЩȺС
֮Ӣ»ռĳԱɵľӣγս
ɽ춫ܵľӢѰһῴܹնɱԪ˧Ŀǰڶ֮ܵԪ˧һĸܹɱЩԪ˧ɱһöܵѹΪ͡
Ķѻ棬򵥶жڳĳƺƿ֮Уѻǿġѻڶܵʱר̽ܵԣѻһж¡
ʼɣɱһ󣬵ȸƺƿߵ˰գȥݻ層ݡ澫һ˵
ѹȷʵ󣬵ʱǾ̾Щƺƿߺƿ߶üչЩʵϵָܵǱضӰǵս
ɱ
ಣ
һӰΪ⣬˶ܵ
һ̿Ļ鶼̵õӦϢЩ飬ʵҲ岽ӽﾳսǺܸߵġʱ䣬ڳĻ͹ϡ
ۣ
һ֧ӳǰ棬лɫ״رطʩչ嫵Χ̿ǰֻգ֮䣬͸ڲȦӴ
һƬ飬ʱաԿúӴ湥ȫΪ촷ۡ
ͬʱѾȴڲȦİƿ߲飬ҲŴ֮һ֧ӡľӣҲ٣һľӾͺСˡ
ɱ
ɱ壡
ƿߣȫ֣ʩչǿĹֶΣȫ汬
ƿֺ߳󣬻ɵľӣҲóܾ˵Ȼ٣֮ǰѾһս󣬱˴Ϸࡣ
ǹﵱȻҲķ󲿷ֵķǱͰƿ߸ֵӣܵĹֻС֣ټγսЭͬԶʱѹǺܴ
Ĺ⻪ڻɫĹΣϵбը
ÿһʱ䣬дﱻɱ
ǼԪ˧Ҳܿע⵽ߵǿʼһЩﾳ뵽ΧȻĶ֮С
ľӣɱЩؾﶼɣͨﾳҲԵֵԳ֡ɵЩɫĽﾳСӵִ֮ɱٶȱȻ
ﾳķ̫ˣҪնɱҲ÷һЩֽšǴĹôÿһﾳϵĹСܶ࣬ѽɱǵɱٶ̫ˡ


2038 ƽ
ڣ»ӢҲǿľɱ࣬Ϲͷߵѹ֮ᡣ
ǶȺ󲻾ãֹͣ롣浱ȻҲƾЩѾ˶ܵЩҪ޾ǲܵġ֮ҪɱһҪΪʱ䣬ȴĻӵִ
ռ֮صľӵˣЩǿȵľӣдӸɱ¾ֲϵľӻڸ·֮УҪִﶫܵҪʱġ
桢Ӣ»ľӣɱ¾
ǼԪ˧ȴֻżĿ⿴ûԼӽ˵˼ƺͲںЩɱﾳʱɱǶûκεı仯
󲿷ֵȻڳŶܵڲȦ
Щ飬ΪѲĵطǣǵı̫ˡ
ǰûЩ߰ıǸͲ֡
Щ󷨣Щһص󷨡
ǶܵһȦˣֻҪƣͼˡ

Ԫ˧Ҳڽ
ܵڲȦķҪв㻹ҪǿöࡣڲȦڵοԼҲҪµʱ䡣

ܵ󷽣һ֮⣬ӰӴɳ
쵽ˣִﶫܵҲҪʱҡϢۻĳԨۣ˫˵
ߣѩ׹ڶƿ߲ǿߡ
ۣԱϡһƿ˵
ţ߰ɡ칬ĶѾִڶܵ򸱹˵ܵ㡢вȦԱݻ٣ڷ񹥻ڲȦˡԨ۵ͷ˵
ʱ󣬳Ԩľӣڵִﶫܵ
ѩ׹ľӵִﶫܵʱ󣬵ڶȵľҲִǼʱ󣬵ȵľӵִ
ļʱлȾӵִﶫܵ֮󣬱ǴӾ붫ܵϽɱ¾ֲľҲ𽥵ִ
ܵĻ飬ԽԽࡣЩĻӣѧϰһսҲϵļ뵽ս֮С
ɽһ֧ӣԭҪѰһᣬǷܹɱһԪ˧ʱûѰκλᡣսеĸԪ˧ͲֿңһԪ˧ʱһɽҪӽʱͱʹóþɽֻ˱ܡ
û취ɽҲֻȥɱһЩﾳ壬ĵȴŻᡣ
λע⣬層ݳˣ
ѻͻȻȳƺƿԺ֮С
層ݳˣ
˵õϢһ⣬ȫü֮ǰ層ݣѾӦˣھȻֶһ層ݡ
壬Ҫƶܵˡǣǻսˡƺƿ߽
層УԪ˧֧ģԼյʱǱ뵽ڲȦս֮Сѻ˵
ɽˣɫѿ
ڴ֮ǰĸԪ˧֧ڿֽ֧룬Ҳ֧ˡ
ʱ
ţ
ǡ롭
ҵĲɱ֮УȳƺƿߣͻȻյѻҲ
ѻôˣѵе層ݣһɱһȺʵ
ǵ層ݡǣ層ݶˣһƶңŶܵƶݣһΣ뱤֮䣬ܽЩ壬ǡԱΪӲǳƶܵڲȦѻٺܿ˵

û취ˣֻȳ˻صܵЩ壬ˡѻ˵
ȳƺƿߣĬ
û̫ãǾͿݡ層ޱӴ󣬾Զܿõѻ˵層ݳƷΣŶܵƶ
طȦ
ɶ񣡡
Ȼضܵ˵ɣ
ӣʼˣƺƿ߶Ϻ󡣺ܿ죬лصڲȦ󷽡
ƺƿߺƿߣ붫ܵ
λҪƾֻ֣һ취ˣѻ˽󣬱㿪˵
ѻ˼ǣŶѻ档
ݻһ層ݣݵֽڲȦǵһϣһ춼Ųȥѻص˵


2039 Ůͻ
層ݣΪǡڵڣܿܶڳ涴Լĸ塣
ɹ˿أ層ݷԴǳƺƿ֣߳ɱЧͺܶࡣ
ȵݣֽܵһϺһ󷨣ȷʵڶʱھزס層ٶȶܿ죬ʱ䲻ˡ
ڶѻ仰˵ڳĳƺƿߡƿ߶
ˣݻһ層ݶѣʱݻΪǣҪݻ٣ֱǲܵ顣ҡҡͷ˵
־Լ磬ʵˡ
ƺƿߣܹбȽϴĿԴݻһ層ݣǾͲһֱȵڻȥ層ݡ
ǻڵĳƺƿߵ
ɵڣѾܵһʱ䣬ƺƿȻǲӰ
ˣ϶ǲеġҪƺƿߣϣң߸ˣɹݻ層ݵĿҲɡɽͳ˵
ûʱˣӢ̾һ
Ҹɽ洫Ѷٴߴһ˦֣ȡѶ
ɽ棬ҲһԶųƺƿߡλɽ棬ƢǳŹ֣ڻУκӡʵϣѾɽ洫ѶΣɽһֱûе
ԳƺƿߵɽڻԵҲںʱܵЩȥɽ涼ûֻ˵˵ǹⲻ
ɽʲô
ٲܵҪˣѵ뿴ٴιռ֮أС
ϢɽӦɵȥյʱȥɽ涼ûκλӦ
һ䡣
£ģҲûáѻҡҡͷ˵
ǰ治֪ЩôġѵǾô뿴类ıݻ٣Щƺƿ߼ܻʲô壿޾磬ʣǼĳƺƿߣЩɺ
˵ЦЦݿɬ
ڳƿߣһҲͷء
Щˣ˽ɽһλԹҲһֱ¶𣿶˸ѶܵæûӦûпѶǹⲻ˭֪
ɽԾһֱ
˵˶ûзƫԣΪԲ̫˽ˣҲ֪ηɽɽƴֵʵһֱҲʵ
ѻǱô˵ģֿѻʵ
һλƺƿߡԶųƺƿߣʵһɢޡڻУҲǴСһɳġɽ»ȳƺƿӴռһֱǶ
һԹۻ硣ڹϣƺƿߺܹƥеġҲһ㣬ǷƫһЩ
˵ͻ֮£ҪԼ취ѻЦ˵
ǱˡҲ⡣Ҳ̾Ϣһ˵
ʱ򣬵ҲһȽĵ飬ʱСߡļ£ı˵ԡȻûбһɱ˲գħͷ֮ҲͱùƧˡ
Ǹκأصʲôطȥˣֵ
κҲǳƺƿߣشߣӴ֮Ҳû¶
κʵڳƺƿһЩҲǳƺƿ߲Σܹв層ݵĴڡκľյطսҲǷǳ뺷ġ
κѣҲϵϡңϵϣҲ»ҡҡͷ˵
Ż˭ʱ
ܵڣĳһУһܲ
ţ
ô£
ǡʲô飿
ѵѾܵ֮ˣ԰ڲȦûȣûִڲȦ
ĴϢѵƺƿߣˣƺƿ߲ˣ
ڶݵͳԾ󣬼ƺƿߺܿ͸ӦϤζ
ɹˣ
ҡҺ칬Ů洵ͻˣҮ긱ĿһƬ˸
Ů洵ź칬ˣһܵ뵽ﲫɱвãصܵչˡʱһЩ˶Ů洵ΪʾΪŮ洵ǲ岫ɱ͵


2040 û
ֻкˣ֪Ů洵ʱչأ׼ͻƾƿ߿ƺƿߡ
ҮǣҲû̫ϣ
ƿߵƺƿߣһ̫ˡҮƿߣռƿߣԼԨǸεƿߣЩ˶һֱһز֪ꡣۻǵʵһǿʼղͻƵƺƿ߲Ρ
ʱӦƿͻƵƺƿߵĴϢҮ̾뵽Ů洵ǳɹˡ
ʲô
Ů洵ͻˣ
Ǻ칬Ů洵
ڳˣĿɿڴ¶
ȥһ˵

һȺˣŮ洵չص֮ǰŮ洵֮ǰ˵ȻóȻȥšȻǶӦĴϢŮ洵أǻǲȷ
һᣡ
ţŮ洵ͻƳɹӦòᵢ̫õʱ䡣ѻ˵
ȷʵû̫ãұ汻򿪣һϮɫȹŮ洵
Ů洵ϣȻųƺƿߵϢ
ƺƿߣ
Ů洵㡭ɹˣҮ긱۾ʵ
ţɹˣŮ洵ͷ
̫ˣ
Ů洵ΪƺƿߣôڣǾλƺƿˡ
ǰֻҪһλƺƿߣôǾһĻᣬݻ層ݡֻҪܴݻһôڶ֮ܵӣвͻή͡˷׷׿ڡ
Щƺƿֻ˵ݻһ層ݣû˵層ȫݻ٣ΪҪݻ層ݣȫǳ˵Ρһ層ݱݻٺ層ݣ϶᳷ˡ層ѡˣĳƺƿߣͲס
ģҲǱ峷ˡ
ûˣҪȥȫӡ
ϵ˭أ
層ԽԽ
ʱʱݾͻִڲȦǣٵˡ

ţɽһѶˣĿһٴȡѶ
ɽ棬Ѷˡ
Ѷ֮һͳ׺ˡˣ۰Ͱ͵Ŀ棬ɫѿ󣬱㶼̾һ
£ɽԸ𣿡ѻʵ
ҡҡͷ
ɽ˵ˣԹܵһ˵
ʲôʱˣҪ棬ʲôӢüʵ
ɽ˵ҪҵǼҴӦ͸ܵæֵңսΣҲǲܶܵܲסҶҪǼͳ˵
ͳȴǿҵŭڳ˶ó
仰ڳˣȫһŭڳ
ɽ棬Ծڳûٰ˵Ǽڳ˶֪ʲôǼǿرû֮һ޾磬ҲҳǶȵı
񣬿˵ڻмڲ֮ء񣬾ƺƿΧɱܴ뿪
̫ˣ
ɽ޳أѻߵ˵
û뵽ɽ˵ıɡ»Ҳ˵
ߣȶܵΣһȥˡ̫ɺˣѻҧҧ

޾Եĳ֮С
ʱӰ
һˣȻκ顣κȥ칬󱻾شߣû¶һֱԾԵĺ⣬˵
лᣬԲ⽫ʬΡǣ֪ڵľʵǿޱȣͲǶ֡ȥҾԱǽֻһǾᱻɱԣѡ̣ڻ֮С
һģɽλƺƿߣһԶŴڵĳƺƿߡ
ɽǰ˵棬ܹ𣿡κʵ
κĶҲȽ˽⣬֪ǿ֮ûǼôͻήһΡ
Ҳȷ룬ύġɽ棬һοݵߣС壬ںɫڣȥɭɭġ
ˣһԵ㡣磬ں飬ҪŻ类ǱܡΪסܵӦǻӦҵɽ棬ɳƵ˵
ſɣӦңҾȥһ˿ǲӦҲûκεʧɽЦ


2041 ô
ɽ棬а˳ɰ潻Ԫ
ԪԣȷʵǳҪΪ޾磬ҲǲܽԪ
ܵǱƣ˵޾𣬵ռ֮ؽֱвһ㳲ˡ層ݵִﶫܵͬʱôȵܵ걻ƣִﶫܵ層Ӧûࡣ
ɽǰӢκ鹧ά˵
ɽ棬һı顣
κ飬֪һֱûз¶Ǻ칬ǾԵĳޡǾСʵȷʵǿᡣǰһʱ䣬ǹƥ޽ɽػһ˾޽ɽΪǾ磬סնɱӮ뱨вãֻͼ֮ɽת˵
ǰ˵ģҶףеġڣȷʵûᱨѩܣһлģšκصͷ

ܵߡ
棬ĶܽӦɽҲδػȫְæ»˵
˽̸УѾֳԼܽ˼»ǶȰ˵
ɽ棬ҵ񡣡
ڣڵȵᡣ
Ҳ͸϶ܵæڣλƺƿߡ˳ֹ層ݣɹݻٵĿԶһɡɽҲ֣ǳɹĿӦܴﵽɡ̾Ϣһ˵
ǰǺ칬ľԹʱпܹûϢأӦ顣򣬾ԹῴӲո̤ƺƿ߲εŮ洵˵
ǰԹͲཻʱҲҲΪӦʲôر飬ܿڻ֪ܵ񹥻ֻǣ˭֪ԹҪòܹأǵȶܵƣռ֮ݣԹٻҲѾˡ˵
˶΢΢̾˿˭֪ҪʲôʱܻܵѾסʱˡٲжܵڲȦٹһͻᱻơ
ԪһѡɽҪǡ˼һ˾
ȡѶѶɽ棬ͬ⽫Ԫ͸Է
Եеɽ棬յĴѶ¶Цݡ
Ҿ˵һͬģΪ¡ɽЦһɳ˵
κ飬Ҫȥһ˶ܵռ顣ɽκ˵
ǰģһһλ顣κ̾˵
飬һֻΪĲ֮һֻڻԵٵطܹռɽκڵĵطռ顣ҲҪ꣬ռһΡ
˻
ɽ˺ѻݣ涴һ粽УʧƬС
һ̣ɽִ˶ܵ
λõˣǲ˼ɽ붫ܵһЦȫ˵
˿ɽ棬ûκλӦҲǶɽ΢ͷȻҶɽֳûٵΪܲ⡣Ϊ˵ĹҲֻʱšһУȵ˵
ɽ棬ǹѵġ濪˵һ䡣
µѣ⻰ɲԡзǳҪ飬Բŵסˡ˵Ը⽫Ԫ͸ңҾֱӹˣϧǼҪ顣ɽЦ˵
˵ķǳҪ֮£ռԪ飬ռһΣȴ˵ԼûʱܵܵŻᵢʱ䣿һսǧꡢ꣬ЩƺƿҲǵָ֮ˡ
ɽҲ֪ԪΪҪıǿ𣿡ѻü˵
ѻ棬⻰ҲԡµѲԸ⽫Ԫ͸ңôǿأУҶµѵĻԪȤҲֻҪооо֮ȻὫԪ񻹸µѡɽ治˵
˵ֻҪԪооͻ棬˭֪оأо
ɽԪҿ͸㡣
ҪԣڽʱȫԸ涢ɽ˵
ǺǣȫԸҵȻȫԸµѣѵ㻹ҲҪԣҲǲԡ
ҪĻԪооǺ칬ֻصɽһ


2042 ռ
ҪԪ񣬻Ҫ칬ֻص
ɽ仰һ˵ȫ񣬶¶ŭ⡣
Ҳ̫޳ˣ
ڳĺ칬Ա鶼üѿ
ֻصǺ칬֮ں칬˵ֻصһ塣ֻصϹµĶѾ䣬칬ԱֻصǰøҪһ̶ϣֻصҲϹ档
ңֻص缶رػ칬ΣĻԪ񻹲ͬȲ˵Ԫֻصֵߵ͡ʧȥԪӰĿҲһˣûдҪԪ񣬿칬Ҫֻص
ڣɽȴҪ칬ֻصҮ긱Ů洵ˣܲŭ
ɽڿЦ𣿡ѻͳ
ҲǿЦҪԪֻصҵ㣬ôҾԣһ߾ȫնɱɽ˵
ɽǰֻصǺ칬򹬱ǹʱڣûˣȨֻص㡣Ů洵˵
ɽתĿŮ洵΢΢һ
֪㣬Ů洵԰ɣͻˣ
е֪ʱҲǺܳɾѾ̤ƺƿ߲Ρ޾磬ֶһռǿ߰
Թ
֪ǵľԹڣֻصһõǣھʹѶԣ£ᣬҪҪֻصҡɽЦ
ϵϾԹҪȻԹܵˡŮ洵ŭ⡣
ǺǣǾû취ˣϵǵĹԼ顣
ԼõԪֻصͳ֣ҾͲ֡ţҸղҲ層ڱƽ޾ҿⶫܵ໹ܼһġǣˣһ䣬ȶܵݻ٣ӦҲҪҰæˡ
ˣһͲˡ֪ͨңпգӦû̹ɽ滰䣬Ӱ˸뿪
ɶ񣡡
̫ɺˣ
ɽ棬Ǳӡǰôû˱أ
Ļ쵰Ϊƽֺݺɱһ
ƺƿߣǼŭǣû취ƣڲٷɱǶܵ͸ûϣסˡ
ô죿ɽ棬ƺҪǵֻصֻصͲ֡
ϻ쵰θ̫ˣһԪ㲻
ֻصûȨ͸ˣҲͬ⽫ֻص͸ɽġŮ洵Ү˶ݡ
ռ䣡
һ֮УȻڳ̳ƺƿ߾硣
ƿߵƺƿߣֻһһʼǲܿȥҲĽ꣬һͻʧܣôһͻͲ֪Ҫȵʲôʱˡ
ϼʮ꣬Ǻܿܵġ
ô£
Ҹо涼ȴΪһֱ޷ͱǿѾǺܼ͵ֽأü˼ǡ
ԪҶҲˡҡͷ
ʼǬ
֮ǰʣҶȫĵˣûͻƳɹ
ͻȻͫһ䵽һöɫĹʵ֮ϡ
ԪĹʵ
һռʱ򣬻Ԫ͸һЩҶһŹʵ
Ԫʵӣһġ̺ȻǶһ޶ġҲ֪ʹùʵһֱڣŹʵ
ˣ
զզأ˵ˣƴһѺη
һ
ǬĹʵ䵽֮С˿ſ̷ȥ
ˣʵڣֱʧ٣ǹʵڵӣڵˡ
ţԱоһޱȵϢԼڵ
һϵϢ
޾дڵַһ֣ûϢ
һ־Զȫİ߷
ʱԸûʱȥʵ⣬谭ͻƵƺƿߵһϰѾϢʧˡ
֮ģһּȼʸо
̻֣óǳʯȵԴ޾ӿ뾰Եڡ˵Ϣϵڷǿ
ڳƺƿߵʱ򣬾ԵսȻǻһĳЩ棬һЩ̫׵ĵطǣƺƿ߾ϵĲࡣʱ˿̣ЩԭģģʵĵطȫˣҪ򣬱ȻȻеľ衣


2043 һ
ֻгΪƺƿߣ֪ƺƿߵǿ֮
ͻ֮ǰԵսȻǿ෽滹ǲƺƿȣԻ֪Ը߲εķӦȵȡ
޾УһȺƿߣԨ۵Ҳͨƺƿ߿һѡ
ʱ˿̣ǲܹף޾תġԼУܹӦԪ޾еĽɫ˽⣬ûлԪôһ»޷
˵޾ʱȫǻԪṩġûлԪṩô޾ھ޷顣
˺Դ󣬾𽥸оӯֹͣա
ţֹͣ΢΢һ
ۣ֮
иӦˣԿǬ磬һֽ֮۵ر
رڵݻٵʱԾ͵õˡܲŮ洵ƿǰݻٵġۣ֮ʱǱܲԱŮ洵õŮ洵Ҳ޷֮к㽫رԡ
ԵʱҲоһʱ䣬ȴ޷͸СʱԾͲ²֮۲ͨһֱԼǬڡ
̤ƺƿߺ֮˸Ӧ͸仹ܸо谭ȴƿʱͲ͸ˡ
Ե֮ۡ
ǡ
֮⣿Ŀ
òУʣֻһС
ФȻ뿴øһЩʱоʧ١
γԣȻûܿǻ֮ľ
ˣԺеʱо
ۣܹ֮̽磬Կһ
⡭
﷢ˣ
ǣƬ½ҪˣţǻȣȻȻѾռ죿˿
ԼαչأʱƺҲ̫ãô綼ˣ
ಣۣ֮뿪ҡ
ھԳҵͬʱ˻ռ飬㶼˾ǰ
Сˣˣ˶ѯֱӾ˵ֽ顣
ʱ䣬һֱǲҪȥ֧Ԯܵٲ֣ǶܵҪݻˡˣҲĿʼɶӦùɽźȥһˣȰ齫ܵ˵
ڹɽ͹źӼʱǸӦػ߾Գˣȫ
ϸ磬˵﷢ɣѾؾ󡣡Եͷ
С֪ˣ
Сˣɱ¾ܵҪ֧Ųסˡ層ݣѵ˶ܵڲȦ΢΢һ£˵
ܵҲЩȫȫ濪սˣüͷһ塣
֮ۿ̽磬Ҳۻ˲򡣶ܵûԣʶѾء
˵ˣȥܵԲܱ幥ƣռ֮ؾͽֱ˵䣬Ѿ뿪˹ռ䡣
層ݣȷʵѾִﶫܵһȦӱݽϵĹڲ
ڶܵĻ飬ȻϳɱҲûʲôЧ
ɽ棬ڶܵĻ֮Уս뿪ܵûзػԵȻصԵҲʱ뿪۲սжϣһڲȦʼͺ칬ԱһӦ
۾ϲ̵Ŀ﹥Ȧ
ȳƺƿߣҲʱĳȦնɱЩ뱤ݶܽǼƺƿ߳ͽ뱤ʱܡ⵼£ƺƿնɱЧʶȽ͡ɱģҲʵϵ͵Щﾳﾳ彫żɱԴּûӰ졣
ʱš
ܵҪزסˣ
ˣվȦ󷽣ȦķѾʼ󷨺Ķƣ޷תάܡ
£һƴһΣѻ˵
û⣡أתĿɽŮ洵ȳƺƿߡ
ƴɣ
ֻƴһˣʧܣǾֻܳ˵ռ֮ˡҲ֪ǵĻ磬ܲٴγһδݲСӢ̾Ϣ
ȻҶͬ⣬ôѡм層Σָڣλмһ層ݡ


2044 ص㹥Ů
⣬ڲȦ󷽷ɳ
һĻǰһƬ
󣬹ȥѻֳһڳݺݵ˳ȥɨﱻնɱ
Ů洵ߣϣһʥѶʥ֮ͬ
»Ӣ;ɽˣ֣ɱ
ƺƿڻɱͬʱӰҲм層ݳȥ
Ǵƴһѣ
ȻҶ֪ɹĿԺֻܵͣһɡʱֻһɵϣҲƴһѡ֣Ƿܽм層ݴݻ١ֻҪݻһ層ݣܵٵѹͻȵļᡣ
ٶȶ죬ֻʱ䣬㶼ִм層ݸΪƺƿʵ̫ǿЩȽСҲʶԶˡ
ĳƺƿ߶ˡ
ǵĿ꣬űݣ
׼ɣһΣһҪɱһƺƿߡеĳƺƿ߾ôһЩɱһһסصкǸŮ洵ĳƺƿߣͻʱ䲻ʵӦûûȫǿʢɱס
ǣص㡭ǸŮ洣
層֮ڣԪ˧˴˹ͨѶϢ
ݣ˴֮䶼໥ϵǶԻһһҲʱ̹עƺƿͬʱɳܵڲȦǱ֪̾һ㡣
ȲҪٿһЩ
һʱܱǶҵǹһǾֻȫ־ǡһͼ޴Ԫ˧Ԫ˧˵Ԫ˧ֽħȺ絮Ԫ˧֮һ
ʵڶԪ˧УҲġ
Ԫ˧ʵͨƺƿ΢һħԪ˧ȫܹͨƺƿ߿ģһܻܽĳƺƿߡ
ħսκĳƺƿڲ֮䡣
Ϊʸϣʵ㹻ǿⶫܵԪ˧Ҳħĺ
ƺƿ߽ӽм層ݺͣƬ̣ٽһγֲܶ層ˡ
ѻȳֳֺ֣ɫһɨӴ層֮ϡ
Ӵıݣڻ層ݲϼΪ⣬ŷǳֲĵһƿߣ層ݶ޷˿ˡֻгƺƿ֣пܴݻٱݡ
ѻһȥ󣬵ڶֵľŮ洵Ů洵߶һʥ⣬ֳ̬ƣʥڣкɵط۵̫ͼ
ܺ嫵Ĺ層֮ϡ
Ů洵֣δɢȥƺƿ߱ųˣ»
»̧ϸƣĴһֱ۴ϸɫαŷһɫοȥۣڻ΢һʶ鶼֪»յǿطҲˮ񹬵ط
ĸֵĳƺƿǾɽɽ뾰Խ̶֣ѹƣɽսǲģΪͷ֮һͶѻλԶųƺƿߣҲ˵Լһܻܾɽ
ֵĳƺƿ棬ʵϣ۹沢ġڳƺƿУб湥ҪǿһЩġΪ֮ıǻԪ޾мܱɱң涼±ƺƿΧԼ
ֵĲʥӢ
ƺƿһֹȥ֮м層ݣԵı仯層ݣȻҲܵƺƿߴ󲿷ֵĹûбǲֹҲܶԱɺܴˡ
ܺãô
˾ܡ
ɱ
ʱ򣬴м䱤֮ڣɫԪ˧ͬʱɳһԪ˧ž޴ĽɫצӣצУȻһʱһɳ層ݣʱͱ߶ʱշƺƿ߶ڡ
ˣ˲͸оǿѹٶȽͣ߶ܵصӰ졣˶ھƿʱǽʱӰ˺ܶࡣ
Ԫ˧˳ȥµ¡
СڲزˡܲܵסϷһѻ¡¡һƬɫӰžĻһԪ˧ϡ


2045 ɱҲӦã
˲Ϣ֮䣬Ԫ˧ͱɫϰٴΣӴˡ
ҡҡЩµĽɫԴ󣬱ٴγ
Ԫ˧ֲ̫
ע⣡Ԫ˧ӽӢƺƿԺ֮С
ģԪ˧ʮԪ˧ڣֱԪ˧Ӣֱӿں
˶΢΢һ
ߣȵ
һԪ˧Գƺƿв£Ԫ˧ƺƿ߽֣ǶǱѹŴġԪ˧֣ҲԶԳƺƿγ̫вλԪ˧ξͲͬˣԶųƺƿԼռĻͷҲסʮԪ˧ַ
ȻƺƿߣΪʱѹƣٶ̫ɣͿܱлɳˡԣҪߣ໥Ӧ
ѻ桢Ů洵ȳƺƿ߶濿£
սУΪսģҲȴõġԭܼ򵥣Ⱥսĳƺƿߡ
գʱ䣬ҲһźͶ層ڣɳһʮԪ˧ֽ
ৣ
ৣ
ʱ֡
壬ȺԼҲҵʱһԶߡǳʱ
Ԫ˧óʱͷҲ
ʱԳƺƿв̫ѹʱպ󣬳ƺƿߵĳ涴͸޷ٶȶ
֮ǰɽΪܵʱѹƣʧر
ɱħԪ˧ȶ֣иűȡ
ʮɫ⣬ͬʱȳƺƿߡ
λЩֵٹ層ݡ洫˵
˶˼˶Ԫ˧δݻ٣
浲סʮԪ˧Ȼѹǳ󣬵лԪӦöʱ仹ܼ֡
ѻƺƿĬĬһۣ߾ȫȥ層ݡ
ϧǣԪ˧ҲɵǵȻɵֻǿȥȫǵıݡ
ЩԪ˧ʶΧŮ洵Ů洵ͻʱ䲻ֶȷʵǷȱԪ˧ַЩҺΧƺƿߣֵԪ˧Ĺ
汣Ȼǿ󣬿ɹҲ»Ȼͷ࣬˺ҲЩԪ˧ʱ̫ǵĹ
ٺٺ٣Ӧҵ𣿡
ˣܴݻһ層ݣ
ٲӦڲȦɼֲ̫ˡ
ϢУɽս֮⣬ֻ˵
һֱ뿪ܵ
ȳƺƿ߷һʱͶˡʱǹѹ
ɽ汰ӣѻȵ
ɽҡͷ
Ԫ˧ɽûмսȦҲûȥɽ档
ֻǺǰˡҲǹ層ݵʱ򣬶ܵڲȦѾʲôˡЩƿߣɵסķ񡣵ڲȦƣһпɶˡɽƲ˵
Ů洵ŭĿɽȵ
˶һСҲϷ˵ɽɱӿ£̧ƣսڵŮ洵ĳ
ɫѺۣŮ洵ȥ
ɽĹҲǼֲ޾磬ӦǰλھԺճ֮ǰܹڹԳԽɽģҲֻеһ˶ѡ
Ů洵ܵԪ˧ص㹥ʱɽ͵Ϯֻƴֵ
ѻŮ洵еסļӰһֽӽŮ洵һЩ԰æסɽĹ
ǣΪʱѹƣٶȴ󽵵ͣȻҲֻǵסĳɽĹ
Ů洵壬͵ĵɳȥҲһѪ
ɽ㡭㾿ҪʲôĿѣ޲ɱɽ档
ߣҸʲôŮ洣һ½ռСѣȴҲӦýѵ𣿾ɱҲӦãɽ˵
ã
ʱ桢ѻȳƺƿߣɫͬʱһ䣬۾ҲȻתһ
ˣ
ƬλƺƿӵУһɫ乳ͻأ֡
乳ܣγһ޴Сɫ乳ž˵ܣ


2046 ôĿ
乳ֵ÷ǳͻأȳƺƿҲ乳ֵͬʱŷ
ң乳ʱѾսģʱܸ֮ڡ
乳¼ɱһӰҲٸ֡
ӰǱΪʹͽӡ
䣡乳Ŀ꣬Ȼ档
ܣһƬɫӰ֣ԶԶȥһ񡣻ԪܣڷޣѾɼӰ
乳뵽ԪӰ֮ڣٶȼڼǰɴ˿ɼʹͽĹжôĿֲͻȻ͵ϮҲڹ˿ȻͷϷֺܻҪǿһЩ
΢΢һڵס乳ѪҵĸҲѹƲס³һѪ
£
棬û°ɣһĻ˶׷׵ǵľ
⣬ǿɾΣˡ
ȡ
ҡû£΢һڰ˵һֳ乳Ӱ
ˣİδ
˵ĹֱЩˡ
˭ʡ
ʹͽˣδӦʮԪ˧ޱȹļˡ
һĻ˶һиӺȻѵҲЩԪ˧Ϊˣô䵽ʲôݣԪ˧ѵгĸ֮λߵĴ
ǰˣȻĸ壬ǱΪʲôʹͽ
ЩԪ˧ĹʹͽͺûûκεĻӦ˵Ŀ⣬ˡ
ıһΪһһҲˡʹͽЦ˵
ߣߵ͵Ϯң
ķȷʵǿʱƺƿߵĺģȺս֮УҲֳ˲ƺƿߡټʹͽ͵ϮŻˡ
͵Ϯ
Цһ磬ҵʵѹƼأҪɱ㣬Ҳ̫¡ʹͽЦһ˵
仰˿κˡ
һ磿
ѵ˻Ի֮⣿ڴ֮ǰЩƺƿ߾Ѿɣһ֮ǲǻбľԻ֮⣬ڿ֮ǬƵ塣
ʱ򣬾ɽ涼ʵһЩһ˫ʦͽɽ棬һʦͽһ֪ڴ֮ǰҲûΪʦͽ˵ǿߡ
ɽıֵǺܲҺܿ㡣ܸĻͥһ磬ͶΪڵǰԼ䡣ʹͽɽ˵
ɽһ
ʲô
ɽˣ޷ǿߡǺǣȺƺƿߣбΪռǿߡʵʲôռǿߣڵǰҲһȺȽǿ׳ϰˡΪһıһƾǻеĳƺƿߡʹͽ˵
һʱжκˡ
ʹͽһʱ䶼Խܡ֮⣬ģʹͽѾǿǸֻʲôĴڣʹͽпλǳ𾴣Ҳ˵ܱصĹƣλҲɱʹͽ
ɽ㿼ǣһĴ𸴡ҲЩļһһʹͽɽ̫࿼ǵ顣
λʹͽѣܷһλˣɽٺһЦ˵
㣬ҲˣǺǣڵƿһĹ´󹦣˵ɱĳƺƿߣǵпܡ˵ˣܴ籾ԴԳѡˣ֮ǰռǶ޾΢һ˿˿籾ԴˡȺǻǶôõıʹͽԻЩƺƿߵĶȻȽ˽⣬Ȼ֪ɽһֱռ顣ңԻ飬ǲмһ˵ӡ
ʹͽѣôҾȰæɱŮ洵ĳƺƿΣһ֣ȫƺƿҲкܴϣɽ˵
ɽ仰˶ŭͬʱҲ
Ϊ㲻ܴݻ層ݣԱҲȫ㹻֣ȫӦòѡû뵽ɽ͵ϮŮ洵ðһΪʦͽǿ顣
һ˿ΣУͷơ
ɽƥ󣡡
һ翵ٿ͸


2047 ɱɽ
֮ǰҲǺף
ʹͽ˿ԣһڳ˱㶼Ϊ֮һ
ɽ棬һ˹ı顣
ʹͽ֮ǰûκμĪһˣһ絽ôˣƺͻȻ֮䣬ͳֺЩǿ׵Ĺ
ȻڲԶĿռڴҲ˵˾սܽ
»Ů洵ȵǿߣǳԾ¶ϲɫΪǶ˭ˡ
ǶԾԶϤ칬˸˲Ǿԡ
ȻһɫӰֳǾ˭
ɽ档
ոմӹռɨ֮󣬶սͷǳ˽ˡܵȷʵѾ᧿Σ޾Ȼ˲ٳƺƿߣȴǳӡ層ѾֵʱҲ֮ࡣԪ˧ʮԪ˧ｫƺƿ߰Χм䣬ʱѹƣ˾Ǵ·״̬
һΪʹͽļһǰʹͽ˵ķӦ֮ǰʹͽҲİúܡѾ뵽ʹͽ¾Ļ֮һ˾ǵĻ飬ɡ
þջģɽ档ӳΪ칬Ĺ󣬾ԾͶ޾绹ŵĳƺƿ˱Ƚϸµ˽⡣ɽ棬Ҳ
û뵽ɽ޾űΣյʱ򣬲ֵ壬侮ʯʱίʵɶ
ڽٶܵͬʱԶɽɱġ
Թ
ˣ
»˻к칬Ա̿ڡ
ǾɽȻû뾰Դк˫ĿеҲ͸ϲȻԾԵҲϲá
СѣˣһΪǹأЦһԾԴȤ˵
ʵûΪǹ仰ǿЦ
棬ʱڱչԲ֪ܵ﹥Ҹճأ֪һϢⲻ̾ˣЦ˵
Сѣ˾ͺáǲЩϹͷǽ군ˡѻҲѵõ¶Ц˵
ѻ档ԶԶѻ湰˹֡
ԣˣΣܵƣǲתһ类ҼҵգҲǴȰ㣬ùԹͶҼҵҲ֪֣ԸͶ˵ֱӾͻʹͽݣҶƽƽĵλʹͽž˵
ɫ
һУǵԵɱҲ;ܶвκˣĶ֡ˣǶ֣пɱ
ƺԻ֮⣿˵ĵǽһǸ˰ɣˣӦҲǱЩıİɣתĿʹͽʵ
֪ͺãԣʵȻ㲻޷жôǿĽдôҲа취̤ƺƿ߾硣ʹͽ˵
ߣҪҸ棬㱳λ˵ɡƾ㣬ʸȰңЦһ
תĿԶ˵ɽ档
ɽ棬ôҲ޾һλƺƿߣڻ˽ѵʱȴ⣿Բݵ˵
ˣɽҲ⡣˵ˣ潫Ԫ͸ȻǺ칬ֻص͸ͳֶԸЩͿŶܵݻ١Ů洵Ծ˵
ǺǡɽɳƵЦ
ûҪҳ֣ˡԹ֮ǰ㲻ڣ칬ҲûȨֻصҡȻͿһΣ㽫ֻصоһʱ䣬ұæԸٺ٣ȻλʹͽҲŵҺܺõҶ޾磬ҲиġҲϣ类ݻٰɽһҪƤӡ
ȻˣҲû̫⡣
ڵ״Σ
ԵսȻǿɿҲˡھԻ᲻Լ֣ɽǲں֣Լ뿪ǣѵԼ˵ˣĽԼƼˣԼͰԸЩ顣
ɽ棬Ҳ̫Լˡ
Ϊ㲻æնɱ͵סˣ
Цڣұɱ㣬ЩȫɱϢ΢΢һ
ˣ
µӿ׽ھУһ֮̿


2048 һɱ
ɽͻȻ֣񣬶Щм
ʵǿвҲ֪ʱʱ뾰ԺԶʹʱҲüܿ
ֲмҲάһ˲䣬ܿϾͱ˾
Ϊо˾Ѿǳƺƿ߾硣ƺƿƿߣ𼫴󡣾һ֣ڳе˶̲˾Եľ硣
ƺƿߣ
⡭
Թ̤ƺƿ߾ˣɽɴ۾
֮ǰȥ޽ɽɱӮʱƿ߲ΣסԵĹ޽ɽ󣬶һӲơ񣬾̤ƺƿ߾磬սöǿ
ƿߵʱսͱܶΪǻһˡ̤ƺƿߣս޷ˡǰ޾ڣֹӣҲûȽϡ
һȷǾڵľԣضǱȵĹ˻Ҫǿöࡣ
ͶѻˣһǶһ貽ϣܵļµܲǿתѰ˼ԼԾԵһǷܹס
֮
֮Ľ֮Уɫ̫ͼҫĿĽɫ⻪ա
ֲ׵Ľ⣬ɽնɱȥ
Իʩչ˹طܣɫĵ֡
ɽ澪֮Уһ䣬Ӱˡ
ǣҪܿһǲܵġ
оƽɽ̴߶ֶַΣͼȵֵһһ뿪
꣡ɽһӴ֮󣬱ײʯͷϵļ˲ķѡ
̼䣬ⴥɽĵڶ
ɽҲʩչԼǿطֵ֮ȫ߶£뷢ţ۹Ķ
ʹͽʹͽˣңҡԸͶˣɽоϢӽ˲ģæʹͽȡ
ʹͽʱҲޱȵ𺳣û뵽Ѿ̤ƺƿ߾硣һʱ䣬Ҳƽ̤ƺƿ߲εľԣʵֻǿǶԼûбһ߹ѹʱ൱ˡ
Լǲ߹ѹƣǻ뾰Բɱǣ߹ڻ类޴ڣߣ޷߹˵ĵ޷ܻ߹Ӱ졣
ܹ߹Ӱ죬ֺҪȷˣȫԴǿߣֱƿһ磬ںϻ籾ԴӶﵽĲΡ
ɽûжΪ֪Լȥɽ档ңܾɽ棬Ҳôڵ˶ԣɽεǿ߼齵ҲǺܴڣгƺƿ߹齵ǵܹƿһ磬ڵѾûļȴȥˣֱԻȫսˣһƺƿһƺƿߣսֵӰ첢Ǻܴ
ۣ⣬ɽ
ɽڲҽУȫɢ
һ
ֻһȥɽǱԺɱɽһԶųƺƿߣǵסԵһ
ԵһҲǾǿսˡʩչһҲûʹʱϣطɵطͻ֮طԶ߶˼¡
Ϊˣɽŵסһʵϣɽ浲ס桢ѻ滹ͷסȫֵһ棬һ»ܱסҲȫˣԪ񶼲С
ɽ汻նɱ˶ס˺͵žԡ
޷ţ˼
һԶųƺƿߣɱˣ
ڴ֮ǰ˭뵽飿УƺƿȷʵҲвΪָ䡣ǣδгƺƿǱĳƺƿɱġ
ˣҲɱƺƿߡ˻նɱȽСĳƺƿߣǾԵ㹻׼Ҫնɱлһʱ䡣
ȵεĳƺƿߣԹˣҲȫˣ˵Ǳɱ
̫ˣ
ԡ̫ǿˣ̫ˣ
޾磬оˡʲôʲôƨĵʹͽ;ˣ󣬶̲סҪ
ʵԽǿôһ޾Խǰȫ
ָһУɽﶼңңλΪʹͽǿߡ
ʮξ޴Ԫ˧ʱҲֹͣΧˣʹͽһָ


2049 
ԾԲİԶһʱ£߲жǹϢ
ʱʮԪ˧ȫһ˫ɫľ޴ͫžԡ
гƺƿߴ򽻵١֮Уһֱ׷Щƺƿߣ׷ĸټڳʮԪ˧УҲдǰƺƿֹ߽
֪һڣƺƿ߾ֲˡȺУǿԪ˧ҲʵСĳƺƿ൱Ǹɽ棬ȻΪСĳƺƿߣڳƺƿо㲻⣬Ҳܹǰеģǿߣȴһɱ
ܵΪ˷׵ʱˣڶݵĳ֮ʹͽһµ
ںλʹͽҲں
ʵҲ̫Ϊܴ󹦸ɣȫ淢ս֪ܻʧܡѾΪҪˣֻҪܹһ棬Ȼҵһ硣
ǣʹͽˣ
ʹͽʮԪ˧Ѹٵж
ҪԵģǾԡ
ʱ˿̣ȻڹܵڲЩԪ˧ֻҪԵһʱ䣬ܵͻᱻݻ١
ǿϾҲһˡ޾㾲ֹþɱһ˵ɱʲôʱȥ
Ŀ⻷սսѾ˽⡣Ҳ֪ʱܵ᧿ΣԼʱ䲢ࡣ룬ڶܵڲȦ֮ǰ߽Ĺơ
ôݵİ취Ǵݻ層ݡΪЩ層֮ڣдӿǴݻٱݣ͵ǽضӵԮƺƿߺʹĸ֮£߽ӶԶܵĹͱü򵥶ˡ

ʱռ䣬Ԫ˧Ĳٿ֮£žλñƽǰڵλãûʱķǷΧ֮ڡ
Ԫ˧ǺĿԵģǿԪ˧ٿʱǴһƽԡǵĿģҪԱƵԶսӶʱ䡣
ЩԪ˧ҪԾԺ˳ܵѹǴȵļˡ
Թ»ȰʱķҪ֧Ԯԡ
λѣǲعҡڲȦЩطѾǻӣֵΪȡ˵
ƺƿߣԶ˾ԵĴ
ܵܱƣԹġѻ˵
ǡԹܵסʮԪ˧ҪǸʹͽ᲻ΣգŮ洵ľԡ
֮ǰƺƿʮԪ˧Ǵ·ġҪǣԪ˧ʱ
ԹʵȻѾȫԽһˡȻҪڲȦΪӦӢ
ãôɣҲ
ಣƺƿߣصڲȦ
һȷʵѾһЩطһЩ彫ڲȦӣҲڽ߾ȫЩȦɱ
˼࣬ɻҲС
ҪǣϣԶԶ޷ȡ
ʱĶ־Ǽǿ
ǰǶѾˣǻΪ׵ƺƿ߱Ԫ˧ΧסƺźܴΣաڲȦҲ᧿ΣۿŶܵҪˡ
ɽλΪʹͽǿȺ֮Щ͸ûϣˡ
ȴû뵽ԹͻȻ٣һɱ˱޳ܵɽ档һûĴ־ҲǿʵϸֱսǷ¾
ǣΧڲȦټһʱ䡣
ܵΧݵϢҲ޾ڽ
·еĻ飬֪¡޾磬пֻŵӡַϵЩͶ֮ÿһ顣ԣҶ޷ſֵ̬¡
Ļ̻̣
ܵݣһռ֮ءռ֮ݣôɨ޾硣ǿһʵģ类ƿأдĿܣ
Ļ飬ʼŶܵۡɱ¾ҲЧĽ֯һ֧֧ʱɵľܵ


2050 
޾Ļ飬Ƕൽ޷㡣
ҪЩȫǸ顣޾̫Ӵˣֲͨ㷺ĳҪִһص㣬ҲǺܼѵ顣
Ҳֻвֽӽﾳﾳ飬пܵﶫܵ
ԭ򣬲ŵ¶ܵ幥ڶܵĻԶԶӡ
ܵҪˣ
ǰҲ˵ˣѾڲȦڲȫһƣܵᱻռ졣ԶܵΪ壬ɹռ֮أ˿ɷһ򡣡
Ǹô죿
ô죿Щ˵ʵȥæҲִﲻˡȻɱ¾صɱ¾񷢲ʱȡҪﵽﾳΡȥܵֻԼ·ʹóȡκηãִﶫܵҲҪʮϰꡣ
磬Ƶۡ
֮ܵ⡣
ʮԪ˧ʱûкˡ
ǺˣǾͽԶ붫ܵ
ʮԪ˧ݻ層ݡңûжʱ䡣
ܿ죬ԱǱʱķΧס
ʮԪ˧ˣһ֪ǿٶȼ죬ҪƽʽþʱΧҲûʲôϣڣǳɹþʱˡ
ǻпܣɱǿޱȵĻ龰ԡ
ʹͽҲһЦ
δ֣ԶУŻᡣշóġԣΪԼл͵Ϯԡ
֮ǰ͵Ϯ棬ӵлԪ涼ˡ
ɱʮԪ˧ͬʱžɱ
ʱ
ȷʵǷͬһıڵʵܵӰ졣
סңǳ룡˸
ڵٵת
ƣһͺ
ˣΪģµƵ
ھԵ棬йת۵ɫ⣬糣ȫͬ黯ơ
ƵֱʱķΧںֱײת˲ʮײһԪ˧߾ȫĹ֮£ԵҲƮеı׽ϵնһ⡣
ԴʱȫʮԪ˧ԹýԪ˧Ĺ黯ƺ͹طķ֮󣬶ӰѾܵ͡
Ļ֮ÿһնԶһԪ˧ɼصĴˡ⻹ΪΪ˽ʡûȫֵ
ʱ󣬾ԱնɱһԪ˧ֹƬ̣ڶԪ˧նɱ
Ԫ˧ҲΡǵĹھԵϾͺǸһ㡣ǣɱԣþ˶ЩԪ˧һ㶼ס⡣
ʣʮԪ˧
ʣʮԪ˧
ûãʮԪ˧ֻʮԪ˧šŵԪ˧Խ٣ǱԻɱʱԽ̡
䣡
ŵԪ˧ֻа˸ʱʱǱӲһʱڣʱʱʧЧ

ʱһֱڵʦͽԾԺȻˡһڹ⣬кֱžԳɱ
͵ˣԸӦɫϯ΢΢һһХ
֮֮ӭȥ
֮ͣ۵ĽӰʹͽĹֶλ
ʹͽɫ䣬ӰˡͬʱҲӿѪ

ľԣĻ־
ԣҪ⣬ΪһĻ־߹ѹҵʵӣҾΣʹͽЪ˹ŭ
ߣһʹͽ
ֻǣʹͽȻ뾰Ծˣ˵Ǿ仰ܱǳһתСһ̣Ӱʧ
ɨ˹ȥʧȥʹͽټ
ܵÿ죡ҡҡͷЩϧ
ɱʹͽģֻǴ˵ʵȷʵǿϱȵĺҪǿöࡣգʹͽˡ
ܵڲȦ©ĶˣƺƿߣҲԵղˡڲȦϾӴ޷չ˵ÿһλá
ʱ˦˻ŵİ˸Ԫ˧ִмһ層ݸ
籩һγǽӱӿһƬ
󣬾ԵĻ֮նӴޱȵ層ݡ
飡⣬նڱϣ層ݣҵɫı֮⣬ϸһѺۡ


2051 ƿ
層ݵʣĹм޵ģﵽһ̶ȣ層ݱʵԵˡ
ͨĳƺƿߣӳĹܳ層ݵĵޡʵԨεƿߣҲܶ層һӰ죬ֻӰ̫СǳԨεƿ߹層ݣҪϰͬʱֳʱ䷢ܴݻٱݡ
ʱֻһ層ݱ沿Ѻۡ
ԣ
層ݵķȷʵ˾ֻ̾ҪǿݻҲ̫ѵ顣ĵ˵ͷ
һҪ̽ԵĹĿ̽層ݵķ
ڵҲʶ˱
֮ڵĸ壬ͨʶԪ˧´
ǰŵԪ˧׷ھԵͬ¸Ӧĸһü׺ޱȵĳԡ
֪ԼǾԶ֣ʱסԣûѡ
ǾҲػĸ塣
κһﵮǵ֮УĸһеӡǡĸвʱͲʲôΪĸ壬ǿԺޱ
ǻ֮鱻ΪļһĸˡλֻҪĸ壬ǵڿȺˡ
ֻ⿴һٶȳİԪ˧ֹݡڵľ磬޷ٽ뱤ݵģֻܴⲿݻٱݡ
¡¡
꣡
ȫ֣֮ںϺɵƣеϻܣ׽Ľֱ層֮ϡ
һݺݵĻбݺڱϣǳһĶڡڲֻгƴСʾ層ݣƿˡڵıԵ˺ѵĺۼ˺Ѻۼ۶ܿ䶯޸層ݲȷʵ⣬Լ޸ˡ
𣡡
ԣԪ˧һͨ죬ԾԹ
ͬʱҲžλýӽǰ𹥻ܵĲıĿ꣬ʼ層ƶԵʵ̫ǿԱв̫ݱݻ٣ĸͽΣˡ
ԲԪ˧ĹƾЩֲܿĹϣֹ層ݡ層ݵ޸ٶȣȻԶԶ޷뾰Եƻٶȡ
ʮʱ䣬層ݵı棬ǱƿһȳҪĶڡ
ಣӰ˸Ӷڳ˽ȥ
層õ£޷룬ƿһڣ谭֮ڶڸʧˣԾܽС
Խ뱤ݣԪ˧ǣҲ̽һ֮ڡ
⼸֮ڣӦöĸڡҿ֮̿̽鱤ݿռ䡣
ڱ֮ڣһѹƻܵһν뱤ݵʱ򣬾͸ܹѹơڣڵԾѹƵЧʹ󽵵ˡ΢һ㣬ԵӴıݿռ䡣
ҵˣ
նɱĸ壡΢΢һ
žλðΧӴؾٵﾳһȿֺȫ
ֱĸڽȥ
籩ϺɨӲУ忪һ·
Զޱȵ𺳡֮ЩԴӿ׹䡣ﾳ彫޷С
ٶȼ죬ЩȻǳ࣬˿ֹԵĽŲ
ʱ䣬ԱǵִĸڵĽ֮ǰӴĽУĸֹͣ˵ʶߴԪ˧Ԯ֪ԼżΣգ֪һ飬ѾԼڵλã׼ɱԼ
޷ֱսġ
ĸɱҪϰһ層ݵ赲һĸһֱдﱣвԪ˧ϰԾ˵ʲô
һ̣Խ˽ĸ壬ӳ뾰Եߡ
ĸ壬һۼĿġ
ڻǴΣ԰һ層ڵĲֿ⣬δڵĸ塣Σһμĸ屾
ǳªԿǰһ̯޴䶯ŵţüֹ˵
ë裬ٰԿĸܣвٵë衣
ں칬ķ˴칬֣Żȡһë裬ӶСڽС̡


2052 ɱĸ
ĸߵë裬ԼǾԵں칬ȡʮҡ
ˣ
ɱĸ˵ͷת
˸Ԫ˧ѾŲ뽨֮ڡ
ৣ׽Ӷ
֮۽⣬ĸ˺Ѷȥ
Ӵĸ壬ܴ谭ԾԵĹǶܽĸҲ޷ĸ塣
ĸķԪ˧ǿ԰
ʱһʶϯԵ塣
ʶĸ巢ĸ壬ŶصʶڻңԶĸ彻ҲתΪһĹ
΢΢ü
ʶв󣬱˵ˣǶĳƺƿߣҲûʲôв
Ծֻ΢䱸һЩֹĸ塣
߰˽֮ĸ屻ɱ
Щ뽨Ԫ˧ȵ֪ԼԾ̫вȻƴ
Ժһ·ɳһǵ˱ڳ涴ڵ㴦һڵݻ١ˣ޷ͨһ涴͵
һк󣬾ֱ뿪層ݡ
ûмݣ˱ڵĸ屻ɱ涴ݻ٣Ҳ˵һݶԻԶܵвѾڡ
飬ǿû
Ǿ棬Ǻ俪һڽ뱤ݣҲǺѵִĸԼ涴ڵڡԣƺƿ˵ҪвһֻܴȽȫݻ٣ĸЧ
һݺ󣬾ݡ
׼ˣĿӡ
ıݣڿƶԶ붫ܵȻڵĸ壬֪Ըոɱһĸ塣ǼҲֻܵűɱǴ㳷ˡ
層ȫٷУٶǷǳġǲܲˣǼֱһգۣܷɳƺƿߵߡ޷ݣͺ̽鵽層λˡں嫵ĻУ޷̽ĻҪҵټǴ롣
룬žԼϽı׷ȥ
޴ʩչûķ̫ʱ䣬׷ݡ
ͻƣƿݱݣУɱĸ壬ȡë裬ݻʱսڵ㡣
ȾԴӵڶݳǵѾȫټˡʶ̿̽飬Ѱҵ層ݵټ
ȻѸӦ
層ݣ̫⡣
Ҳȫ޷̽飬յ黯ƺ層һ̽ЧֻǣĿǰ黯λ̫ˡҵ黯һͻƣڱȽңԶλãҲ̽鵽層ݡ
ҡҡͷ˼׷ݡ
層Ѿ뿪ȻȻӴ󣬵ʱ䣬ܹɱɾ
Ƚ⼸Ԫ˧ɵ
ûԪ˧ˣôͷӬɡתĿ
ǰԪ˧ڶܵ

層ݡ
ܵڲȦĻ飬Ҳ層ݵ쳣
ڲȦ֮ⲻԶһݻڣѾһʱ䣬ûɳˡһݣƺԶ룬Ҳֹͣͬûɳ
ݣʧˡ
ܵĻ飬ѹڿټ
Թɹ𣿡
һǳɹˣܵסˣ
̫ˣֵǣɱɱЩ飬ǳ˷ܡ
ȳƺƿߣҲǲ̽ܵĻգȷһ£ԽԽˡ
ԹѾɹ鷳ˡ
ûû層ӿԴԴֻԸۼǱȽϼ򵥵顣ǼӰѾ̵ʱڣȫɱ
Щ󣬻޸ػ󷨡ѻͷ˵
ȫɱʱ򣬾Ҳǰ˸Ԫ˧һһնɱʱСʱǺöʱգƺƿ߶޷ǿѳ
ɱ˸Ԫ˧󣬾ҲûǼʹ籩ɱ
ûӿ齫ڶܵȫնɱҲķ˽ӽʱ䡣ɴ˿ɼж١
ǡǿɽھ붫ܵıݸͿűǸڡĸ屻ɱ層ݵ޸ʧˣԶһֱڡ


2053 սƷ
ɽ仰˱㶼ɽߡ
λƺƿߣ層ǸڡڳĳƺƿߣŮ洵֮⣬ǰֹ層ݣ֪Ҫݻ層ݵѶȣĸڵıݣǼܱơ
Ǵʱıݱ棬ȴһڡȻûбݻٵһڣԵøΪ졣
ǾԹֱʣӢһ˵
ѹ層ڣûӿݣıԹˡ˿ݣӦҲǲɡݣֻһ»
Թôģһˣܵƽһ層ݣɽƺڲ֪䣬ԾԵĵ⽵ࡣ
Թ濴
棬λѡԹ˹֡
Թ֮ڣĸ𣿡Ӣ̲ס̾ѯʾԡ
ţȷʵһĸ壬Ѿɱڲĳ涴ڵ㣬ҲҴݻ١ĸͳ涴ôͻԴԴϵﵮ˸ɱĿ˵
˵⣬ڳˣȴ޷ƽ
層ݵĽϣ⣬ֱӴݻٵЩϧˡҪȫݻٱݣҲȽϺķʱ䡣ǿ±ݣоܹһЩһǰеֶΡԼ˵
Թ˵е
ʵǰҲйͷǸûĻᡣЩˣܴݻһ層ݣҲԹƿһܽݵвԴĸ彵ٻһݻٹݣȫٻġѻε˵
ԹǷܽ뱤ݿһ
ΪԶųƺƿߣδлԽ層ݡ
層ݣҪƿ²Ρ
Ȼԡݣ޾ġҴ㣬ǰռ֮أԺеĻ飬ֻҪһ㶼ԽУоⱤݵ֮Ц˵
ԣǴϲ
ϸ˵ѾƵıݣھԵ˽ԴΪݶǾһ˽ġǲǽУǾ޷Сǿн룬ǵÿԼûսԵʵ
ɽ涼һɱڳĳƺƿߣ˭˵Լܵסһ棬ҲûоԵİաԪȷʵǿرͬмޣͲڱʹͽ͵Ϯʱˡ
ػܵڶ飬ʱҲʼָʵĻָʵ˵ˡһЩʦѾʼ޸Ĵ󡣶ܵȦҪȫ޸Ҫʱ䣬⻹ڲϳ¡
Ů㸺ԴԴȫռȻݲμսĻ鹦зԴԶŮ洵˵
ǣŮ洵Ӧ
֮ڣдĸԴ档
֮ǰԽ뱤ݣնɱĸ󣬲δڲĴԴͬʱߡھ˵һԴѾû̫ˡļطյޣѧϰµطڵѼԴҲ׾پԣڵԴǰ˾ָػܵЩ顣
ЩƴսʤˣҲӦõ
Ů洵Ү긱Ⱥ칬ԱȽ뱤ݣʼĺԴ
˿ţۺ죬û˸ԣɾǸҺһ͵ö
ܵĻ飬ܿ˵£֪Լõһʺǿɹ۵Դһü
ݣǾԹƵģ
Թ˵ˣҪԴָˡ
Թ̫ˡǿ層ݣԴ϶ࡣڻڷѹԴǲ֪˶ٸԴѾ˲٣϶ʣºܶࡣ
Щڴ
ԭΪԼҪû뵽ڲţԻһԴָо̫ˡ
һжøлԹûоԹܵܿѾݻٵˣЩˣӦûܻҿԹӦ쵼磬ռͻŽǶĽɱЧʻߡ
Թ쵼飬ҵһͬ
ǣһȵšԵھųɾŵУﵽһߵλá


2054 
ΪڵԴ̫ӴԼǳƺƿŮ洵Դź칬Ļ㣬ķ˽ӽһµʱ䡣
еԴȫȳƺƿ߶ޱȵ𾪡ǺȻ֣ЩƺƿߵȫҼǱѼԴ˲һǰ㡣
Ҫ֪ڻһοռ䣬һ層ڵĲֿ⣬ԴǻֻǣһͨĲֿѡ
˴εܵ層ݣǶ˴׼ģ߲㽫Դڱ֮ڣΪľĸܹʴӶԴԴϵĵ⼸ڵԴȻǷǳ֮ࡣ
ЩԴ֮Уλʹͽȫ濪սġ
ҡҡҾȻֵ˼ֵʮǳʯԴһͨﾳ飬״Ρ
Ϊһͨﾳ飬ǳʯһܴˡһЩȽǿﾳ飬ȫҲѹǳʯ
ɱҲడҴ໹ǴؾģɱĶûʮﾳľϲˡ
ҷֵһʮǳʯԴˣһΣҿԳﾳھˡ
ҷֵһ㣬ҲʮǳʯӡҸϵܵȽ磬ӦûֵܶһЩһﾳڻ齫ոõԴ˵
½ʦֵ֣٣նɱ˼ﾳӦ÷ֵܶԴɣѯһﾳ۷½ᡣ
ҲǺܶ࣬ҲİٶǳʯӰɡǽ½ﾳ۷ڰ˵
½ﾳ۷壬ǶεġǷڼռǶûʸΪĵӡǣμһսҲֵİٶǳʯ
½ܵĻ飬һĽ½ᡣ
ŶܵʱţϢҲڻ紫
ܵסˣ
̫ˣ̫ˣΪܵҪռˣû뵽סˡ
ǰ˵˴ζܵܵסҪǺ칬ԹԹһ˾ͽ層ݡ
ԹʵԽԽֲˣ
˵ûɽ棬Թնɱˡɽڶܵʱ򣬲ְæвͺ칬ҪǽԪֻصŭ˾ԹԹɱ
ţҲ˵ˣϢӦġʶһˣͲμ˶ܵսۿɽ汻Թɱ龰
ǡԶųƺƿ߰Թǿģ˵ɱɱˣ
˵ԹڻõԴָμսˡ˻һת˵
ʲô
ôܣ
кܶԴţҪ˵ԹЩԴָˣҿɾͲˡԼҪҲԸ칬ʵⰡ˵
Ҳ̫žԹὫսƷֳȥŵȻ١
ߣ֪һѣͷֵԴľ磬ֻ岽ﾳǡǣֵǧǳʯѵõ˶ǳʯ׼ҪﾳˣЦһ˵
ô˵һǲš
ҲţԹֲɵ

ԷսƷϢ󣬴˶ġʱƣЩμս飬׼ȷϢϵĴ޾飬Ҳòһʵˡ

ϧϧҡҲǵ۷尡ﾳܽӽˡֻûܼʱִﶫܵҲֵܷǳʯ
Ǿ붫̫ܵԶϲȥλˡ
̫ϧ޾
ռ֮أ칬ڲ
ԡ桢ѻ桢»ӢŮ洵˶ۼǰԾеľɽҲڡ
Žô졣ܵΣǽˣ磬Ȼﱩ֮Свٱݺʱжĸš˶оﲻΪܵⳡսʧ
ǻǿȸսᷢڶܵֻݣƣһˡڿȷǣٻݣǿȷ֪ı
һ뷨濴˿ˣ˵һ磬ȱһλ䡣ռ֮֮ǰǾûһ쵼ߣԲŻᱻлɳˡڣΪʱѡΪˣ


2055 繲
ԻԪ飬޾羭µݱͷչռ䱻֡ռ֮رԼַʼգ޾綼ֹ쵼ߡ
ռ֮ʵǿĳƺƿȺռ֮һƬϣԵƺƿ߾ǺȻͷĺܲǨռ֮أеһοռ䣬칬޽ɽˮ񹬺ʥһֱռ֮ء
Уˮ񹬴ʱġ»ڶʧŴˮ񹬡
ռȻ޾ǿռûܹ쵼硣ռֵɱ¾Ҳֻһ
˵޾磬δйܹͳ˧л䡣
˵仰ڳˣ˵ͷ
£˼ǣѻʵ
룬ѡԹΪ䡣Ժл鶼ӾԹĴռԼЩƺƿߣҲЩˡ˵ʱ˾ԡ
һҲ档
˵ʵһ쵼ߣȷʵܷӳǿڵĻ飬һɢɳ﷢ңŻݵĴ󣬶ЧҲܵ͡
棬һᡭҡͷ
ԹʵͣΪȡڻУ˭뾰Թ㿹⣿ѡ䣬ǲʵǿߣŷǺǣٸӣҳΪ䣬Ǳ˵ĳƺƿߣڳ֮УǶҲ᲻Ц˵
ŵȺ󣬴Ϊȡ
һ;һֱˡ
ѻΪΣֱѯʶѻ˼
Ϊ˵еһ磬ǰںȥô㲻ݻ٣Ҳᱻߴݻ١֮⣬еĿ²ѻͳ˵
ҲԸԹ
ûӾԹԸΪǵĻ磡ѻصͷ
ҺͶѻûˣô»Ӣоɽλأֿ»ˡ
ûŮ洵
ΪŮ洵Ǻ칬ĳԱܾԳɲɻ䣬Ů洵ȻӾԹԲҪһȥʡ
»Щ
ǶиԵҶռ䡣ԺΪȷʵһʱЩԥ
λϸһ롣
һζܵսûоԹĻǽҲ˵Ҳܵضᱻƣ層ռݶܵ磬ֱռ֮ءдвǸΪʹͽĿ¼һ˼աɽ棬ǾԹɽ˳ɶͶʹͽ䱳ĵռ֮ؿҲδصסλʲôԥģ޾綼ݻˣӵеһУʲô壿ơ
棬ҾѡԹ쵼ǣܺʡˮ񹬣ԸԹ»һ˵
Ӣ»ͬˣҲͷͬˡ
ɽɫЩϲԣ޾ˣ¿ĻΣǲŽᣬһ¼ֲ˶ˡ
޽ɽҲԸԹɽҲͷˡ
ڳĳƺƿߣ˹ʶԸԺ
λ
Ը⣬Ҳδеͨ޾ڣƺƿ߿ɲֻ⼸ˡˣҲ֪ʲô˼ڶܵвʱЩ˶֮Увٶ޾İΣҲûϣ£ѰɣԿ˵
Թ±ͲһһϦɵģҪλƺƿߣ޾ڣƺƿĿǰҲʮռһˡǴɹʶ͵һȹ̵ĿˣǲǡοǼΪǿĻȣӦöԸⱻԹ쵼ġ
ԹͲҪƴˡʵǿΪ˻磬㵣صΰɣѻ˵
Թͳ˧磬ôͲֻǳν칬ĹˡҾãӦóƾӢ
֮ǰֵǸʹͽᵽһλ𣿵֮ڴ֮ϣͽоԵһ


2056 κŻ
桢ѻ棬Լ»ɽӢȳƺƿ߹ʾԸԺ֮޾ĸҲ֮޴ı仯
磬ĴռΪҪ֧Щ֧϶Ϊһһ
˳ԼΪһʼǾܾġ֮ھԵĲΣҲԶԶﲻǸΡ
ľԣҲջմ˴Ϊ˴֮ʱ͸ذִ
ЩɲǵڳΪ֮գֻܹôܣԴ˽ǳ͸ڴ֮ϣ⻹кܴһҪԽ
ʵԵˣҲ֪ʹͽĵǷڴ֮ϣνһֳ
ڳĳƺƿߣͬƾΪˣҲûڳƺ϶˷ʱ䡣ԸôУôаɣ
λƺƿߴɹʶ֮󣬽ȻǴϢ
ȵĹ½칬ԡλӽƺƿߵĹΪûзԡǳԨۣͬԨ۱ͿԲϧһд۰ﾰԣȻӾԺʲôΪѵĵط
ĴռȣѾ֮ڣҲȥˡǱȽϴĻȻСȣҲ½ռ֮ԡ
ȳƺƿҲûţͨ;еƺƿߣǲ¡
ЩƺƿߣеĻӦʾԿǣеûκλӦ
Ļ飬Ҳ𽥵õϢ飬ڻһλ쵼ǵƽ
ܵһս֮󣬾ԵڻȷʵҲǾԽ層ڵõԴָμսĻǳߴ
Ƿǳ˽ˣڵԴУǼ˶ܵҲûڵ
ǿߣͨˣеľڲǼ򵥻ڸӵĹϵУȿĻǹԼ档
в˵棬Լ˶ҪնɱͬĵԽԴԼУôҪĺͺˡʵʱǿѹ£ôЩҲ
ʱԵĳƺƿκ͡
ոյõϢɽˣ
ǿޱȵĳƺƿߣɽ棬ȻԸŪˡ
κϢЩˡɽ汻նɱõϢʵѾ˲̵ʱ䡣ҪΪûϵ
ں칬֮ⱻشߣһֱڻԵɽ棬ɽƨҪһᱨѩܡκҲľԻ׷ɱԼԶϵǰϵǳõѣûϵҪȻݣܵڲ֪ɽѾ
ôܣ
⡭ԣΪôǿҡһпܱ𣿡κήҵš
Ѿ֪ɽǱһɱңһˣƿ層ݡ
ÿֲ
ɽ涼סһκ飬͸ܵסˡ
Уҵ뿪ţ뿪Ⱦҵңһɱңκֹš
ɽǰܵʱռģɽѾˣȻҪɽķԸˡ
վűԵشȥ
ͬʱһԵ
λȫɫֵĵ뾰Խֹʹͽվ
ʹͽܵսϸ
һȳƺƿߣԸԺ£Ҳһͬ㱨
ĿзɭȻɱ⡣ܣšϢϢıǿһ߹ʼѹơ
ʱǽһģԵʵﵽһ̶Ⱥ߹ơ
ʹͽʵԭҲǼǿһڣҲܷӳ˵սҪ˸ǿһЩǾԴﲻѹȳƺƿߵĵز
λһȫ֣սȻֲǣʵǲͺܴһֱʹͽһԭҲΪһ硣
ڻ֮⣬ôһĳƺƿߣûκвģ֣̇ɱƺƿߡ߹ѹƣܵġΪһΣȥˣɱˣﻮãȷһʧ󣬲ŶԹ˳֡

ƾʲôߣҲƵǸܵ伤ңƺΪԱΪķŭ


2057 ״γƺƿ߻
µĵռŤ
Ļ߹򣡸
ĶΪҪֹңΪʲôںϣ㱾Ҳһ֮£ҿ棬㲻Ҳͬ𣿡ŭȡ
Զ˵֮ϣǳƬƬϼ⡣ϼ˸΢·ڻӦǵ
߹ѹƣȴû˿Ľ͡
ٺٺ١ΪֹΪ飬ҵĽŲ𣿡
ǵƣ
ڷйһ֮ͨ󣬵侲ֵܸĲƣҲѸ
ʹͽսսվһԣ侲ҲȻɳһŭʱȷʵֲ̫ˡһ磬Ҳû˸ҳܵŭ
ˣݻٶܵжʧܣһνУʹͽ̽Եʵ
ҪȺƿһ磬ѾˡǸоԵСӣɳˡѾһ߹ӣɱ̫ѡҪƿػ磬ҲδһҪɱֻҪ׼ʱһжпܡƿһ磬ֱͳ˵š
ﲻϧһУռ֮ءȺĶǻʣĸǣȫһڵͬʱһڵռ֮أɸƻʹͽԸ˵
ǣˣʹͽӦ
һԽأô־ԽǱ־ľ߹򡣻־ˣԵѹƾӦܵ͡ѹԽ٣ʵԽǿʵԽǿԽƿػ־
ֻҪںһĻ־ôҲ̤һΪĴڡ
ʹͽ뿪ﴫ
ռ֮أ칬
칬ڣ칬ĸ߲Աۼ
Ѿ̤ƺƿ߾Ů洵п򸱹Ү긱ԼĻЩȫ
λҾú칬֮λΪ칬ŮﵣκܺʡԿڶ˵
˵Ҫù֮λڳ˶þȻ⡣
ܼ򵥣ڵԴȷʵʺϼκ칬Ĺˡ»ɽӢѾӾԴ˺⼸ƺƿߣ¶йģ칬൱ӴԴ˼κ칬Ĺô»˸ԵԴ
ĻǼ֮ڵĳԱһԺ칬Աʱеһȵĸо
ԣԾù֮λڴҵԤ֮СԴ˵Ů洵ʺϵιʵҲڴҵ֮ڡŮ֮ǰȻֻǺ칬ĵŮѾǳƺƿߣҲ칬֮ڳԴ֮Ψһĳƺƿߡ
ҪѡµĹȻŮ洵Ρ
Ҹ˵Ƽвͬ˵˵ԻЦ˵
ͬ⣡
Ҳͬ
Դ֮󣬺칬ڣ˭Ů洵ʺϵι֧Ů洵ΪµĹ˷׷׿ڵ
ȻҶͬôӼ̿ʼŮǺ칬Ĺͳ칬ִֻص΢΢һС
Ů洹
ݼŮ洴ˣڳƿߣȫŮ洼
Ů洵ҲûκεƴǣڳΪʺϼκ칬ʵʩ칬ڳ֮⣬ԼһƺƿߡƴǣֻԵαҪôǲϣ칬׳
Ů洳Ϊ칬ϢҲ֮칬칬ٵռ֮أ޾紫ݡ

Ե˵ĴѶȥӢԼĴѶ
ܿͻӦˣ͹ȥ
Եǰص㣿ɽ޽ɽҲԼĴѶ
ӰһžԸλøȥ
ˮ񹬵»ͬˡ
Ͷѻ棬Ҳӻд涴ռ֮أԸǵĵص㡣
ոճΪ칬Ů˶һڽӵԵĴѶִﾰָλá
Ը˵ϣѾһլԺլԺ󣬳ϱȽϽ⣬ͨûκ󷨴ڡ
լԺǾʹһЩȽϣ֮佨ɵġԺ󣬳ƺƿҪۼ£С
죬ʽֵĳƺƿߵһλ顣
ˣ
Ե
˽ҵȶһҪɣǷ¶ˣ඼ʱڱ㶼ִլԺ˾ԡ
λ԰꣡
֮£ϵǺܴôҹһϤϤطԺǻڵĳƺƿ߻飬㶼СڶһЩҪָҡЦ˵


2058 ϧһд۽
˵䣬Աһ֡
ռڣֻһű֮ţڻ䶯šڳˣЩſһ㶼İЩԻž޴õĺö
ǿ˵õĶĻеЩȡǽﾳǸƿ۲
ʵϣǳƺƿ˽ǿҲһǿ
ˣǣӢžԡ
ЩǶܵһս֮ռġڣЩָҡ䷽Ѿһ뷨еֳʮݣ칬޽ɽˮ񹬻ʥȣÿݡʣݣͶѻһһݡԿ˵
Ծڵ˵ЩЧѾܲˡҪҪԪ˧ϧǣڶܵնɱʮԪ˧ʮԪ˧һû뵳
桢ѻ棬ǶλûԵĿ⿴ˡ
ˣݡºͶѻȴֻһݣҲ뷨
ˣŮ洹ǣ¶һģӴԱڶࡣܺʣѻȴǲҪЩġҡͷ˵
ǰҪЩЧҲ󡣡ѻҲڰ֡
λЦЦ
λԼòǶλЩҲ͸˰ԵȻ˲Լֵ٣Ǿô˰ɣ
ٴλ֣ռڱ֮סȻֳʮݣÿһݼֵࡣʮֱڳŮ洹ǰƮȥŮ洹λӴĳƺƿߣֵݣºͶѻԷֵһݡ
Ů洹ˣԼֵͶѻһۣҲǰԼҪЩ羰Ե˵ǿˡ͸͸ѣ͸ڻֵһЩв츳ĺӡ
Ѿˣʱһʱɳ˵֮ڡ
ıԻ֮ı
УһʱԼһµָǡָſռھʱ˵
ˣ֮ǰѾòʱҲʹðŮ洹һڵ
ڳļλƺƿߣڼʱʱ򣬶ٶһЩɫ仯ʱǰûٸǴ鷳Щƺƿߣ޷ⱻʱ
ֻҪһɣԵ
˵˵νз䡣ǣҪЧ󻯡ԣʱں칬޽ɽˮ񹬺ʥĸռѡ桢ѻ棬Ƕλʱίһ¡Լ˵
ûϵǶ˽⣡ºͶѻæ˵ʱҲĶ˶ּ˽ġ
Ů洹ˣ˼ת˭ûȿƴǡ
Կ˿ˣаԼվǫãǲʵˡʱȷʵ̫Ҫƺƿ߶ҪúˣЧҪ⼸ռҪ
Ů洹ĸˣȷʵתλǳõʱ

Ⱥõʹͽĵ֮
ȺȻΪأʵǵȻڡĸ壬š層ݺʱʣһЩ
ȺǲϧһеĹռ֮أǸȻ޴鷳ǻսôսʤ϶ǻ顣
֮ǰܵ᧿ΣҪΪ׼ȫݽӽܵһֱû֡ڽӽܵͻȻѣ˻һֲ
ȫ׼ǼûоԳ֣ܵҲصסġ
ȫҪռ֮أû̫ʱȥ׼ȥӽռ֮ءǽĴܿ͵õϢӶмƻءս󣬳սϵĻпܱﻹࡣ
οڵĻǰҲ˱仯񣬾Ժ磬λڣｫϵͳȶ
ʹͽѵǻŵĸȺжˡʵҲ֪ĺ˵ǻԵģûа취ԵֻķӡִеһĻᶼûСֻҪ򵥵Ķͷܹǻҷ
һڵĸ壬ȫǱλƵġǽһʱ򣬾ǵꡣ
еﶼռ֮رƽ鵱ȻҲܿͲһ
Ϣܿʹ˾ԵĶС


2059 㳲
յ㳲ϢڳˣҲͬʱõϢ
ͶѻȻûӴҲԼϢο㳲ҲǺص顣
λĴսҪˡĿɨ
ڳ˶ͷ
Ķ㳲ˡ
ʱɣŮ洹һʱ칬ִơս֮ǰ칬ܵԶŮ˵
ǣŮӹʱӦ˵
ʱǿԷʱձıһУҪȷһЧ
ڶʱ㽻ɾɽ޽ɽִơ޽ɽضܵԽڶʱɽ
ɽһ¡
û뵽ԻὫһʱ޽ɽĸռʱĻӦһֵһֻʱɽΪԻὫʱָ칬ˮ񹬺ʥȵġ
ӦҲܿ죬̾ͽӹʱмԵл
ӢʥȣִʱʥȣܵԽռһʱָӢ
лԵʥڣܵ㲻ƣӢȻҲǺܼ
ȥ֮Ƕ֪ʱֿµıҲҪõûκܴжʱ
ڣʱǵС
»ˮ񹬼رܵʱˮʱͱʹˡ»û⣿»
ܾԵİš»û˵ʲôĻ
ʱھԵģԵȻԾָ˭߷ָһ»ȻҲֵʱԵѾķ䣬ȥɡ
»Ĵռ֮У칬֮⣬ˮҵĹϵΪ׽ԭǴ㣬ʱָˮ񹬣޽ɽʥȵġǵ칬Ů洹̤ƺƿʱ仹Ǻܳʵһ࣬ۺϿҾһʱŮ洹ա
ҲżУӦûмʱһδսУһᾡٶһʱʹá»
»ԭжһЩģԵĴֲͳûˣ෴ĻһЩˡ
Եˡ»Ӧԡ
Ů洹»ɽӢڣǸȥŰɣһ㳲ǵĴĿӦֱָռ֮ء·;ңԶҪܶʱ䡣ǽӽĹУǾǵʵ˵
ǣ
ಣŮ洹ĵӰ뿪
Եһȷʵ㳲ˡһ層ݣܻĸڡ˵
ǲڻڰУǶǻвһЩѡ㳲ǴսʵǵвǺܴ㹻ʱӦԡĵģڶܵֹʹͽ䱳ĵ˵
ǰ壬ȷʵû̫вˣǼ㳲ǵвҲ粻֮ǰڶܵǴв⣬ʹͽ䱳ˡͷ
ǸʹͽǿԲ²Ǹʵǳֲǳ֣ǵвȷʵἫ󡣡ѻҲ˵
ڰĿǰû취ֻĵȴˡӦǱ߿ơǴսӦҲߵ˼Ǵս϶Ŀġǣ͵¶ɡ΢У˵
ţ΢΢һ䡣
Եˡ鿴ԼĴѶ̧ĿԾ˵
޾ڵһƺƿߡ
ϵѼΣһֱûиһӦû뵽ֱռ֮ˡ˵Ը˲ǲ˵
ŶѾռ֮أҲΪ⡣
ˣҲ֪ǻһλĴĳƺƿߡ˵ʵ桢ѻܽӽɱ΢Щˣ಻ܴ󣬹ʵκҪǿһΡ
һλʵʮֿµʦλʦԶųƺƿߣʵҪ˻ǿ


2060 ֲ
λʵսλ൱
񵶻εĳƺƿߣһʵѾĹ˶û̫𡣹ȫԸҲɱεĳƺƿߡ
Ƿλø߹ѣ
ţɡԵͷ
սڼԵȻҲϣµĳƺƿ߸һЩ޾ڻŵĳƺƿ߶ܼԼ£ôͲΪǡ
潫λ߹֮󣬺ʱ䲻һɫ۵ӰǳԺ֮⡣
桢ѻ涼˷䡣
һϮɫ۵ĹԼ
ǵһμԱˣһ۾ϳ
񡣡ЦŰ֡
￴Щݣϴż㲡
ѣͻȻǿɶû뵽ءЦк
ǰ·ſѶϢһ¡ѻҲѵ¶Ц˵
죬ЦȴֺЦӡ
ѣʦûһ𣿡ʵ
ʦλԶųƺƿߣֽꡣ
꣬ɫʱЩѿ
ԣҲоЩԡ
ʦѾˣ˿Լƽһ£ŶԾԵ˵
ʲô
䣿
ôܣѣȻ⣬ͻȻ䣿Ҽǵǧ֮ǰһϢˡ
棬Ǳ˻ҪǿһĴڡ
ѣ֪ôģͷҲ΢΢һ
ˣ뿴ֱһӡ
ԺУһ֮չԵˣȻ档
ӳģһϮɫ۵档
ӦǻԵˡ˵
ڵĵطȷʵǻԵһӻܹжϳ
ţƺڷɽ֮ڣѻҲ
ɽǻԵһյء޾УһЩƺƿߵǻ뷽ɽѰһԵ
桢ѻ棬ɽ
ɽҲһǳյĵطǳƺƿߣҲܻСһ£ɽڵΣնԳƺƿ߶ҲǺֻܴҪСĽһЩΣͨҲܱס
޾˵ܹԳƺƿ߶мвĵطҲ޼ɽ֮һ
ʦʱȷʵڷɽ֮ڣѾڷɽڴ˼ǧʱˡʦҴѶ˵ڷɽˡ˵
ô£
ɽڲȻʱմңĴ˵Ҳסɣң˼ǧꣿ졣
ɽĺҲʱշȫͬ޹ɿԡǳƺƿ֮µ룬˲ͻʧԶҲǳƺƿ棬ǺѡıסҲǿƿ
ʦ˵оɽһЩͬʲôͬҲ˵ҡͷ
ʱ򣬻ͻȻ仯
֮УһЩǳأƺɽУҲֱܵĳı飬һӱüŹ֣Ŀⶢһλá
ڻУûʾ涢ʲôȻǳ˲ͬѰĶŻ䡣
Żı仯ԵҲͷһ
˭ͳˡ
˵ĶȻʲôʲôˡ
ѿ˭ˣü
ûм¼Ҳ֪ʦʱ˾˭ٴҡͷ
˭ȻʶͲʡ˭˵ԼĿԷ˵
˶ͷ
ˣһڹͻȻǰ֡
ڹٶȼ죬˲Ϣ֮䣬ǻ塣ӻпԿҲֵֵˣٶƺһ֣վǱڹˡһڹ⣬ϴʧ
Ӱֱȥ
浽㾲ֹ
⡭⡭ϣֳɫ
ɽڣ汻סǧ꣬Ѿ˾÷˼ˡǺڹֻ֣һ涼޷ֵ˾췽ҹ̷ΪͻȻֹڳ˵ǲܰٷְȷǷ䡣
ʦʱҴѶҲʵʱ͸ҡɻ洫͵ֹˡҲϵĸʦѶûκλӦ룬ʦ˼ҡ˸УҲ̺űߡ


2061 ս
֪ԼʦѲ̫ܻˡʦ𻹻ţһԼѶԼãҲûȵʦĻѶ
֮ǰɽΣδѵĺɫ˿˵
Ҳڻǿƺֵɫѵʵ֮ϣֵܵɫڷɽҲûվˡѻ˵
ɫ²ǷɽǰʹڵġУһ䡮˭ӦǼ顣ͱɫӦþǸ飬Ի˵
ˣʶĵ˵ͷ
λ뵽һˣڶֹ֮ܵʹͽ䱳ĵ
սǶڷɽǳֹˣĿܾλӻ֮ҪһĵԼ˵
ѣסһιǣεֵɫӡ
ǸˣȷʵǷǳǿ󡣵ǣĿǰּһӦܵѹƵġǰֹʹͽҲ˵Լʵ߹ѹƣ޷ȫӳλ϶Ҳˡûκƣһ磬ǻ֮ĵˡ˵
ţӦþˡûƣصûҪǻ磬ֱӳ֣ǻܹסѻͷ˵
ֻһһصһжЩε˵
Щ飬ҲصټңԶλصֶΣҲû˽⡣Ȼ̤ƺƿ߾磬һɱĳƺƿߣصϣԶԼսʤԷκεİա
֪ӦþصСɱˣ֮ǰɱ棬Ĺ̫ˡһɫ֣涼ֵ棬ʵ˶Ǻܽӽġ
ԵҹԸĵǲֻϣܲ̽ʦ𾿾ʲôԾԹ
ˣ㲻˵Ҳһ̽ġæ˵

ĴսܿȫĻ
Ļ飬ϵļ뵽ս֮С
սܴ󣬷ֲԽǿռ֮صĵطսԽǼҡ
һ層ټ֪һ˾ܴݻٱݣҲǱݱ¶Ծ̵ִݻٱݡ
層ݿأҪֵĻѶȷʵֻܴ۲̽飬ں̶ܴϾ͵ÿˡ
޾磬ʵ̫̫ˡ
飬Զɱ¾ܵΪӪչⳡ֪ʱܽս
гƺƿߺƿ߲սҲвԪ˧ͽս
ⳡսҲٴθ޾ܴĴˡսʱԽ޾ӰԽƺƿ߲ǿ߶Ҫǿȵս޾˺Ǻ޸ġ
սʼĵꡣ
һһۣٷС
һһϣʮ飬Զ岽Ρʮˣһﾳ鶼ûС
ϵĳǰɱ¾ӡǣǶɱ¾ݣǵɱ¾ȼ̫ߡ
ʱʮ飬ڷڲĴ̸֮š
ɱ¾ϣҲ˳ɣһ˿˵
ǰΣǵɱ¾ɶ˳Դǻȫ濪սɱ¾ԴԴϣɱ¾Ҳǰöࡣһ˵
ɱ¾ɣÿ˶ֵܷһٵɱ¾֡һɫ۵˵
ʮˣͬһȡԭڵĹȣݻ٣ǽӳڻƯ㳲սǱȥ˾Լһ½ȥɱ¾ȡɱ¾նɱͬʱҲܻһЩɱ¾ֶһԴ
ΪʵԽϵͣһﾳζûУҲֻܽȡһЩȽϵͼɱ¾ɱ
ڣҪǰһС͵ľֲս
ǻжִܹص㣿һ̧üʵ
ˣڵٶȣʱ䣬ͿԵִص㡣εص㣬ϸ·һιģȽϴսڹȥɨβû©ص㣬ҵһЩмֵԴءһŮЦ˵


2062 ߴ˵ɱ¾С
һս֮սѾɨҲпܻһЩӵмֵĶ
ʮǰص㣬ϸ¾ͷһƿ߲սƿ߲ǿ߼սѾǱȽϴģˡ
һսﾳսͲˡС͵ľֲսǿֻе鲫ɱ
ͣ
ԭԼٶȷУͻȻͣ
ڲڵЩˣü
ǿһ˶С
зУһǲҪΪȥٿصġսʱڣ޾ȻӴ󣬿żҲԣڳ۷УǰԱ֮
ʱ˵˳ȥģ֮дʱ˿̼֮ˡ
ಣʮҲûʣֱӾ뿪˷ļװϡ
ǿǻɵһƬʲôָǰ˵
ָķңԶȷʵһƬɫ

Ҳ壬ǵط϶ʲôڣջȫͬ
ҪҪһ۲죿뿿һЩٱϡ
УΪ׵ҡͷ
ɱ¾Ϊ˵
ɱ¾ǻڽɱ¾Уôɱ¾˵أ΢üѵ˵ǷһЩɱ¾߲鿴
ߣǿɲЩû´ĻӦһ層ݣΪ׵˵
ʲô
層ݣ
ôܣ層ݡ˵層ǣˣŮ龪
ЩﾳûдﵽĻ飬ǰǶ層Ƿǳİģܶû˵ķ񱩶ھؾСҲ֪層ˡ
Ӧþ層ݣ
ˣǰٽӽˡ層ڣ϶дġǱ֣ǡΪ׵ء
һһۣҲĵĺ󳷡ѾλãҲҲһ層ݡ
Ϊ飬ȡԼɱ¾ƣѶȡɱ¾ֲ
һȺ˽ȡɱ¾ĵطǽƺƴ½ֻ޾һȽͨĻ½ѡƺƴ½ɱ¾Ҳֻڶɱ¾кͨһƺƴ½ɱ¾飬ﾳھ磬ҲʥȳһԱֽ档
ˣƺƴ½ɱ¾ڣһŲҴ飬ķ䣬ɱ¾ܡ
£̧ͷʵ
ոսӵһ֧ɱ¾СӵĴѶ˵ǰɱ¾صУһ層ݵĶͳ˵
ʲô˶
սڣҲʱˡݸ߲㴫Ϣһβս層ݣӦǣһûҵ
ף߲ЩҪݻٵľ層ݡû˱ݣ͵ûݵϻQҲQ
иɱ¾ֲвٹѰ層ݵҲɱ¾ȡ񣬵Ŀǰûҵ層ݡ
һ層ݣص̫ˡ
ʵҲˡ
Ϊ˱Ɽݱ֣ƽʱǽֹ뱤ݵġ֮⣬ҲûκѲءݣǶҪԪ˧ͳһȷᱻ鷢ֱټŻᶯǲܱⱻ鷢֣ǾԸȫսҲرݣ޶˱λá
Ϣȷ𣿡ƽһԼĿܡ
ϢȷʵǴһ֧ðն鴫ݹģֻģǲ層ݣͲܰٷְȷˡ±巢֣Ҳҹڽӽ鿴ҡͷ˵
ţ֪ˣǲصԶԶģǧܴݾߡڣ層ݱַͬСɣССֲܹˣҪ߲Զ֡˿˵
ϢʥȵӢСӢ˵ϢҲ̲סݡ
層ݻ٣˭֪һսá層ݶݻ٣ⳡսܻܿͽ
꣬ΪѰ層ټҲ˲ٵһֱûʲôջû뵽ƺƴ½ֲһѶϢȻ˵ȫȷϢܱûҪǿ
Ӣ湵ͨѯһЩص
ߣ֪Լǹˣ˶ƮˡȻﾳھ磬ʥ֮ڣλʵǱȽϵ͵ġʥʱҲûΣֱӽжԻˡ


2063 ɴ
Ӣ潻֮΢õϢ࣬Ϊ層̫Ҫ涼֤ϢǽһѶϢӢ
層ݻֻҪ層ݣǶġҲǣɱ¾ڻжԻҪ
п層ݣ
ǴϢҲܷŹӢֱӸԴѶ
Ӣȳƺƿߣ뾰ֱϵҪǾԸȥǿԱ֤ʱЧԵġ
Ӣ˵ƺƴ½ܷһ層ݣӢ˵Ҳһ
ʱǸ߲ȻóߵĽûѰ層ټڴ֮ǰδֹ層ݡ
ԵȳƺƿߣҲǸʷƲӦûݡ
ԣһ֧ͨɱ¾鷢ֵֻǲȷǷ層ݡӢ˵
ţ͵ȥ層ݣ˾ǰһ˰ˡ層ݣǿɾֵˣӢԴѶ˵
һ̣Ӣɱ¾ܵռ֮ؾڵͨլԺ
Ӣһȥƺƴ½ԼӢֱ˵
ˣǷ֪ͨһǰӢ
ʱҪֱۻӶ˺ѻݽ涴˽涴˲ϢѾƺƴ½
ƺƴ½޾УǺͨһ½½ϵɱ¾Ҳûʲô
Ӣƺƴ½֮󣬱︺ɱ¾洫
֪ӢѾƺƴ½ȫ΢΢һ𣬶̳ӭӡ
ݼˣ濴еӰ
׻ͱ˵ˣ㽫֧ɱ¾Сӵңֱ˵
Ʋ⣬ĿǰһҲ層ݡݻһԻвСһ֡һսҪϣǻ齫層ȫݻ١ֻҪ層ݻڣҪ׽Ͳʵ
治˿ɣ̽һ֧ɱ¾Сλ˾ԡ
ٴν涴Ӣһͬʧǰ
ھԺӢ뿪ɱ¾ڲһЩԱƺƴ½ɱ¾ߡ
ˣǡʥȹ˰ɣ
úÿ죬ɱ¾СӽϢٵǽϢˡػأҲʱ䡣
˭úܣɱ¾ڵĹԱۼߣЩԱɲʥȳԱ
ڳģҲǴʥ߳ġ
Ҳˣһɨˡ
ʥȹλڣǾԵˣˣһ޾ǿߣͳ˵
ռӢ;Եʱ򣬾Ѿµ˾Եݡ
ʲô
ˣ
޾ľԵᣬᣡǰһЩ˵˶ôôᣬûʲôоڼ٣ò˼顣
Ե޾ػ񣡡
޾磬ȷʵǴ飬ԾԷĵľء

УһҺɫ۵Ļۣ
ۼװϣʮ岽ۼÿ˱鲻ͬеڴе˷ܣҲеŵǡ
ǿǶǲ層ݣ
Ƕ層ݣǽϢȥ֤󣬻᲻ͷǣ
ӦòɣֲģȷʵǷһЩĶ
˵Ƕһ層ݣǷݣǶٽҲڴŽпܻõĽ
϶١ҿʮˣﾳԴӦˡΪ׵ӻ˵
߰˳ɵİգȷģǴе層ݡҲ֪˸Ƕٽ˵һ層ݱ֣ȷʵش󣬵ֻ·ʱɷֶѣʲôû
˵ɱ¾ֱӸÿ˶һɱ¾֣ôɱ¾֣Ϳ׼ﾳˣ
װϵĴ飬δΪϵԭһɱ¾ǿˡҲǣһɱ¾ֵ֣ǶʮǳʯһȽﾳ飬ܶòʮǳʯ

ʮδʱ򣬿ռһѷͻأ֡ţԺӢӰѷ߳ѷ죬󻺻ֺϡ
ϵʮ飬˴ѷ߳ˣÿ۾ɴ


2064 ٻһ
ʮﾳǵСһлʱճ涴ĸ߶˴ͨ
ԺӢ˴ӳ涴߳ЩСһﶼֱˡ
΢΢һЦЩϷʮŶָ
ǰ
λˣ
ʮˣЩӵ˼
Ϣ˵ڸ層ݶ𣿡Ӣʵ
ԣ鱨֧飬ԭƺƴ½ɱ¾ȡһɱ¾Ҳصȥ·ϣͿһǳֵĶǻ層ݣҲͲ̫ӽ¾ǣ˺Զ롣Ϊ׵˵
ĺܺãӢͷ
ڣǷԴ·Ӣת˵
ԣλǶˣԶΪͷ
ͨĻǰУԺӢһ۵ĺ󷽡
Ϊ層̽鲻ԾԺӢֻЩ·Ե黯層ݵǱȽУΪαȽϵͣûԵЧ黯нôѰ層Ӧþͻü򵥺ܶࡣ
Ĳϣ黯Žϵ
ȻûãԵ˫ĿѾһ層ݣȷʵ層ݡЩ飬ǹõġ
λǰǾǿ򡣡۾ֹΪС˵
ԺӢһۡ
ȷʵ層ݣʵ̫ͣɽӽȥǣżɡԶЩ˵
Щ飬ͷ֪Ƕ層ݺǸȥ
Ӣɱȥ棬ӴܳϺȫɱԶӢЦ˵
ҲҪСһЩӢЦŵͷ
ಣӰһҲζʧ֮ǰ
ӢûʧҲſΧȫסʱ׼ˣһҪʹʱʱա
Եִ層ݱԵûκԥ׽֣һն˳ȥ
¡Ӵ層ݣҵ
ٷڱݸ𶯵ʱкܶ໹֪ô¡ܿ㶼ʶ湥ݡ
ڳªӴڣһĸʶ´ڵԪ˧ܿͼþӣ׼ɱȥ
ǻ龰ԣǾڹǵıݣˣ뿪һԪ˧ֶͨΣ˱֮ڹľԡ
ֻǣ볷˸ǲܵġҪǣҪȫݻٱݣֻҪ俪һڣܹ뵽ڲɡ
ѣ層ݣҲûֶܼãͱԺ俪һ˶Ķڡֱӽ붴ڣ̿Ѱĸλá
УĸȻûʲôȺвĸ塣ûĸ壬ǸͲᵮ
ƿݣһʱɱĸ塣
һЩԪ˧ԳɱԺֱײЩԼֻҪǵס·ߵľֱɱûסԼ·ߣʱܣɱĸʰЩ
ĸʶ˻ʶҲĸ塣
飬ˮɡһڣûʱԾԸûʲôвԡĸɱȡë󣬾ԱڱЩ
ΪĸѾɱЩﵹҲв٣ʼ뱤ݡû뵽ǣڱ֮⣬һеľͷǡ
ӢӱӴܳƱĻȥΪ촷ۡ
Ԫ˧
ǺǣӢӱڷɳһԪ˧Ӱһȥ
Ԫ˧ʵ͵ĳƺƿ߲ɱܿһᣬӢεĳƺƿߣ˴ӿʼעˡǣжԪ˧һͬӢɱ
Ԫ˧ķȷʵǿһԪ˧δɱڶԪ˧ҲӱڷɳˡڶԪ˧ӢһԪ˧ɱûйǵһԪ˧෴ߡ
ûĸͳһָ֮£ЩԪ˧εҲϧԼҲ֪ǿɿֲľʱ׷ͣ
ܣܵõ𣿡ӢЦһֱӽʱ߶ʱա
ûʱ»޷ɱԪ˧ٻܵһʱ֮£Ԫ˧ٶȿɾͬţˡӢɱһԪ˧󣬱ڶԪ˧֣ͬʱϵĳȥնɱӱӳﾳͽﾳ塣


2065 
Ӣò졣
ʱĵڶԪ˧ͬûӢ
̫ʹˣӢⱲӻδʹӢЦ
ӢȻԪ˧ֹǰһԪ˧Ҫɱѣ˵ǻɱԪ˧ˡ
ʱʲôµģԵָʥһʱһҪúáӢһ߳նɱЩӱӳһ߰ת
ʮһֱԶˣǵĿޣԿƿ層ݵľ層ӴҲܹɶڵִ層ݱԵľԣЩͿˡ
ǲ֪層Ѿơ
ֻ֪ɱ¾߲㷽λƺҪ層ݡһλǰҲ層ݷȥҲû̫ʱ䣬ڶλҲͻȻűݳ˳ȥǾͿкܶڱݸҲУֻԼܿƺвӿ׹䡣
˵ǲǷλǰȻλǰɱˣŮ鿪˵
Ӧǵģλǰʵֲɱɣɱ¾߲㣬ӦûԮᵽɣ
Ԯÿ層뿪´ҵˡ
ǿ϶һǾͲҪˡǾţʵܵͣҲﲻæΪ׵˵
Щ飬ɫ϶ٶЩš
ǰ棬層ݰ棬֪жде彫Ԫ˧Ҳ֪λǰܲܵеùԪ˧

ৣ
ԵӰӱڷɳ
һʱʱɱ¾ڵӳģྡԱɱ⡣ӳݵӢȫɱҲʵǿЩɱòˡֻҪﾳӢնɱ
ﾳ֮µߵĻϾƻҪһЩԣöﾳ֮µѣҲһﵽﾳεѡ
ˣӢԳ˹֡
ӢΣЦʵ
ʱ䣬ӱӳԪ˧ɱ彫нӽʮҲɱͨﾳ壬һ©֮㡣ʵ͵ӵľͱȽ϶ˡʱҲȫɱӢ̾һ˵
ﾳ֮µģ޾вԱȽСбСĻȣҲﵽﾳΪԸﾳ֮µ壬Ӧǲ⡣Եͷ
һڣһĸѾһɱˡֻҪ˵ռ֮ؼɡԼ˵
ʮǰ
ʮ鶼֪ʲôͻȻλǰֳǰһ¡
ǰʮ˼ͬʱ
ֻУ⣬λǰôӱλ÷ˣѵͲ層𣿻УƺҲû׷ɱ
ضһ֧ɱ¾Сӣһ層ݣǴ͡Ц˵
ûǵĹͷǳԺֱӷƺƴ½һƺƴ½ɱ¾ÿɱ¾֣ӢҲ˵
ƺƴ½ϵɱ¾ʥȿ֮µġ
ʮÿ˶ɱ¾֣ﵽǧɱ¾֡ԭ棬Ҳûһӵ˶ɱ¾֡ʥȵĹӢԲȻͲκˡ
ʮԼҪõɱ¾֣ȫµˡ
֮ǰǻ²⣬һ˵᲻ÿ˻һɱ¾֣ʵһɱ¾ֽҲȥµġȴû뵽ɱ¾֣ÿ˴ﵽ֮ࡣɱ¾֣һǳʯˣﾳǿ˵Ǿ޴֡
ҿǶ岽ΪﾳζܽҸÿһŵҩһܹӵﾳĵҩȻˣǷܿһҪԼ컯ת󣬶ʮ˵ͬʱҲȡʮƿ
ʮƿһ֣һ̱㵽ʮ˵С
ֵҩҲǾ̤ƺƿ߾Ƴģܹ̤ﾳļʡҪӵﾳҪĻҪ˵Ժ츳ﾳ飬ҲԶԶ
ˣóֵҩҲǼġ˵ŵһżֵǶһǳʯ
ллǰллǰһŬﾳʮ˶ԺӢл
˻ԺӢ˺ѻݣ涴뿪


2066 һ
ʮĿ;ԺӢ뿪
λǰôͻȻˣ
ǰ層ô죿
ǡǲҲ뿪ղͱȽϴǰ˵ˣֱӻصƺƴ½ɱ¾ȥȡ
ߣƺƴ½ǵ£ǻǲҪΪá뵽ģǲ벻Ϊ׵һ˵
۾һʱУһ֧ɱ¾飬˳Ļصƺƴ½ɱ¾
ҲڵǹǸһɱ¾ԳǡΪһ֧ɱ¾Сⷢ層ݣҲĳһѷͷӢӡ󣬾Ե˶֪֡
ԵˣŬܹ̤ﾳﾳ۷塣
һ붼
һУһ֧۵ɱ¾Сӡ
򵥵ȷ֮ɱ¾СӵÿһԱ㶼õɱ¾ֵĽǽѾÿ˵УЩȻǾЩţǴûм˶Ľ˵򣬾ʮɱ¾֣Ƕ
Ҫ֪һ£һͼɱ¾һҲܵõʮʮɱ¾֡
ǻЩɱ¾ֺʱͲҪ뿪ƺƴ½ˣﰲǡƺƴ½ǱȽϰȫġЩ˵
ǣǶ֪ΪǺã뿪ƺƴ½Σգÿ˶ɱ¾֣ܶﾳˡ

սڰꡣ
ڶ層ݣһɢﾳڻ鷢֡Գ֣һݡڵڶ֮ڣûзĸڡڣһֻԪ˧ʮŴ
Ȼˣݻһ層Ҳֵص顣ﾳɢޣҲ˵õǧɱ¾֣һҹ
ƺƴ½ɱ¾Сӵ¼ﾳɢ¼ǶΪ層ݺӶһӻúԴϢĴ̼Ļ飬ǸӷѰ層ټ
սĵʮ꣬ݱԳִݻ٣ͬûзĸ塣
սĵʮ꣬ݱ֣Գֽݻ٣Ȼûĸڡ
֮ڶûĸ壬ұڲԪ˧ͽҲǺܶ࣬ټ϶ûʱһУþһȷжϡ
ڶܵһս廹ʣݵĻôֱҲֻʣһݡǼĸ壬ȫһ֮ڡңһڵԪ˧ͽӦûܿ£ԶԶڵĳƺƿ
ֻǲ֪һݵʲôطԷѾƵλãѷһ㣬Щ層ݼڲûĸڵģҲռ֮ǰԣһݣҲռ֮ؽӽֻǲȷλãҲ֪ݻһΪͻƿڡ
սĵڶʮ꣡
һգŮ洹ͻȻԴѶ
ˣɱ¾ܵִټŮ洹Ѷ˵
ܵüͷһ
ܵǺ칬صܵ
ӰһǴռ֮أɱ¾ܵϿա
̿ǰ̽顣
ôᡭЩ⡣
Ҫռ֮أôܵصΧǲƹȥġԣӿʼԾͷԸ췶ΧҪص̽ټڣѾƽܵΧȦŵõϢ
ɫЩÿѾܵΧȦˣŮ洹ƺŸո֪֪ͨϢ
Խܵڲ
Ů洹ͺ칬߲Ա档
ˣ˼
һ֣ʵô£ľӣѾΧȦǲŷ𣿡
仰Ů洹ڣȫ˶¶֮ɫ
ˣƤڡ
ƤһֱǺ칬ܵĻ
ȷʵѾǳ̽ټڼڣÿʱͨ̽һΣǻɳϰ֧ӢѲƬ򡣵ǣûܷӽֱǵΧȦǲšƤԾԽ͡
ȷʵܾˣûκεиôˣǻô¡
ۣ
ʱһǿҵ洫ٿ۳ֵĻ棬ɫȻ䡣
ΧȦȻѾˣ


2067 ȫ
ɱ¾ܵķṹܽӽڲ㡢вȦڲȦǿȦɼȦҲǼ˴ʦѪںһγɵġ
ڣܵΧȦȻڲ֪ͱˡ
ԣ˫üżֳĻ档
ˮܵвȦȥ
ǡۣһƬŤĿռ䡣
һƬռ䣬էȥûʲôͬԻǿϸ΢
Ծǵط϶ʲôء層ݣôһ룬層ݣ޷̽飬Ҳȫܹǡü
ãǴܵ򣬽Ĵսͷת
̴Ѷ桢ѻ滹йƺƿߣ̵ִܵͬʱԻҪ޽ɽˮ񹬺ʥռھ׼ʱԮܵ
»ڵõԵҲϴȥ׼ʵҲûʲô׼ģڴսڼ䣬˵ռǴĻȣʱ׼ս
ˣڳвȦǷ½أŮ洹ԴѶ󣬱㿪ʵ
ҡҡͷŮ洹׼ľսɣķҪˡ
ţŮ洹쿴žԡ
ΧȦϢͱƣȷʵ˷ѽ⣬ڶȦͬ٣ɴʱܵĻͬ࣬ҶʵȽǿ顣ƺʲô¡
ԵΪ˵ķҪأ
Ů洹칬ܵڼ֮ڣѾܵ̽ټЩ壬ȴΧȦͻȻ֡ѵ𣿡˵
һʼҲΪ칬ְˡڿ鲢ô򵥡ֶΣҲ˽⡣˵ʱǰеֶΡ
ȷʵЩԽ͡Ů洹˵ͷ
ûжϴĻһݣܵвȦ֮⡣˵
ʲôŮ洹һǱסˡ
ڳˣҲȫʧžԡһ層ݣܵвȦ֮⣬ôܣвȦ層ݣôܿ
֮ڣǼһеĸ壬еĶսԼ˵ţԣһսӦҲķˡ
Ի䣬ȳƺƿߣ½ܵǽܵ֮ǰҲ
ˣѾвȦôʱǲŵõϢüʵ
ѻ͹ҲžԺŮ洹
ǿھԵϣǿҪֱŮ洹ܵˡ
λѣ»治ܹŮ洹ߺ칬첻ЦЦ
ԵƬ̣ϾףΪܵûǰˡ˵䣬Ӱ˽С
ʲô
Ե˵Ͼס
жɻ󣬲Ҳ̸ž˽ǵܵϷպ󣬱Ѿֱֳ׽һ嫺յĽ⣬ǰϮɱȥ
⼸ƺƿߣһۣ֪Եʲô˼һܺ嫣̺µĹǰһƬޣͨﶼûСԵװ׺ķնһʲô壿
еɻ󣬺ܿͱ˾
ֻһǰٴвȦʱ򣬾ͺײʲôԺĶ档⣬ȻܼǰС뽣ӴƬУҲɫͲơһģӳ˵֮ڡ
ʲô
Ǻһ層ݣ
ǡ層ôˣǵۣ֮ܿ層𣿡
Ͽȷʵ層ݣֻǰıݶһݣ·ȫ뵽֮УЩƺƿ߶޷̽ҲٺܿĽ
ˣѹ־Ե˵ܵûǰβܵ
ǰ層ݣЩϼһվҲͲӽµ˶Ů洹ͶȥǸ
ȻȻһ層ݣӦҲһһݡǰı


2068 Ӱɴ
ڳ֮ǰджϣҲûٷְٵİաڣȫȷһ層ˡ
ͬʱٴθ»˴ѶǼǿǰܵ
һյıڲҲһƬ֡
ľԣʹͽҧгݵ
ڵӴ֮ڣĸĸڷ塣һԪ˧ǹվʹͽǰ
ʹͽˣǻ龰ѾǵıݣĻҲͶǵıݡһԪ˧˵
⻹Ҫ𣿡ʹͽ˵Ԫ˧һۡ
ˣȻСӷˣǾǲɱɣǣңʹͽһ˵
ಣʹͽŽӽʮԪ˧˱ݡ
Ԫ˧ʵһҲû٣ǰǰ󱻾ԵնɱľжʮлŵԪ˧ˡ
ʹͽͽӽʮԪ˧󣬾Ե˵Ȼ̾Ϳˡ
ԣҲЩˡӰɴǵıݣȻܷ֡ʹͽվ뾰ңңԣ˵
仰жʱ΢΢һʹͽ˵ӰɴӦһرԷ˼層ܹղۿӰɴЧ
ҲЩҡ
˵ʵһʼҲûз層ݡ̽鲻Ҳ֮Էһ˿쳣ȦƵʱһƬطЩͬ層ݣȦ̫ǾԻ޷֪Ӱɴµıݾλá
ԣٸһλᡣڵ򣬱ֻʹͽһת˵
û˵˻ӦĻ֮⣬ֶʹͽɱȥ
֪Ķʹͽֱӳ֣һЦЩм
ֱۻӶ
󣬿ռĻɫ·Щ·ۣ֮ǰ層ݻָ˱òǻĻɫ·ȴʦͽǰγһ͸ǽڡ
֮Ľ⣬ǽ֮ϣǽھȴû֮
ӰɴڵУҲرˡԣҵҪҪãܽӰɴķơʹͽ˵
Ӱɴһǳصرܽ䣬屾תֻҪҲû⡣ͬʱתΪ̬Ϊʹṩǿķ
ھһڣûֲαġ칬ֻصһرһıɻǲӰɴȡⲻ˵ʲУûдﵽ㹻߶ȵĻ֡
ԵڶնӰɴγɵ͸ǽϣֻӰɴʹͽһڵģ
ȳƺƿߣҲ׷׳ֹӰɴǵĹӰɴûӰ졣
ߣһȺĶʹͽ˸Թ̬ӰɴΪȻ
ܵӰɴʹͽĶʮԪ˧´
𣡡ЩԪ˧׷˻
ÿһԪ˧żԼǣ׺ݵƻܵвȦ
ߣͬɳǿ½ء
»ȳƺƿߴŸǿ߼սս˲Ϣﵽ˰Ȼ˫һͬʱиĻܵɱ¾Ҳֹͣһɱ¾ķֻһ£ǽ͵ܵսս
ر췭ظ
ѣսĲʱնҡ
ݱ˺Ѻ¶ľ޴ѷͶڣ޸ᱻڶ˺ѡ
ɱɣɱɣˣҪľЧɱԽǼңԻ籾ԴӰԽ󡣻籾Դרػ˾лˡ
ɣƻɣʹͽɨս
Ӱɴ棬Ϊǳȫ
ȻһһĹӰɴҲòϣرķǿסڹӰɴʱҲԼӦһİ
ڹȥܳһʱڳƺƿ߶ٳ໥ɱˣΪɱˡڣȴɲûѡ
Ȼ֪ʹͽ䱳ĵӦø籾Դ˴ӶﵽԼĿģֻܽ߾ܽʹͽɱֻпܲϣסǵһ硣Ρ
С̣һоڵСٴѹˡ


2069 նɱʹͽ
ܵһսɱĸʱõ˲ٵë衣Щë裬ʱͱСˡһں칬ëһСٴγ˯ȥ
Ϊ˵һεľ飬һξԲĻᷢʲô⡣ƺƴ½ǱߵĻзһ層ݵʱСѹһΡһѹСûɽɱ䡣
ɵǣƺƴ½ڣٴɱһĸõëСգС̼ɱ䡣
ֱʱС̴ӳ˯֮ѹС뾰ѾΪһ壬ԵС֮󣬾Եһʱ͸Ӧˡ
ˣʲôˣС̸о˾Եͷ
˯ʱûκθ֪ģǾԵҲ޷Ӧ
ɱɹˣЩϲ
оС̵Ϣ֮ǰ˺ܴı仯
ţɹˣС̻Ӧ
㳲ķˡԵ˵ͷʶֻǣĵˣܲЩĿǰյϢﲻǻ֮ĳһǿȦצѡ
ʹͽĵǾĵв
ˣǰվŵ쵰ڶֹܵɣС̿Ӱɴʹͽ
ţҲ֪ʲôطŪһӰɴرǳǿѾٴΣҵƲ⣬һֱȫ֣ҲʮʱܽӰɴơҡҡͷ˵
Ӱɴķȷʵ̫ˡ
ڣĿǰսǻռơ֮г֮ĳƺƿ߾߸ˣȳƺƿȫܹѹסԪ˧ƺƿ֮µսҲռżơ
ʱƣ뵽սеĻԽԽࡣʱ֮ˡ
ԵĵģʹͽĵһıԴʶ˳̶ȡ
ԣһ֮飬һ磬籾Դ־ѹƣʵȽˡˣվ㶼κβңʹͽĽš
ȫִб˼Ҫһ籾Դ־ǾǿԽǱ¹һӦ˺
СʹͽЦ
ˣԿС뾰ʶͨ
áͬ⡣
ԻɱʱС̾͹ûСһ̶ϿǶԵʱǲ̫ɱġ
С̵ԣҲż˺黯С̵ĵֿЧ̫á
֮
ٴʩչ֮һΣڽӰ֮УС̵СھνɱҪ֮ǰǿʢöࡣڽ֮УԼܿ״
޴Ľ⣬ٴλ·Щ·رӰɴγɵġǰ֮ĽЩ·󣬺ܿܺľɢͲܻЩ·
һΣӴЩ黯·֮һŻ״˲Ϣ֮ۼĵطԿ״Ӵ黯·黯·̾ŤΡ
һĻʱһ
ʹͽδֱ仯ڿĳžԽþԽȫʵò۾𣬿Ӱɴʹͽ
л״ϵ뵽黯·֮Сһ·ʼѣڽӴĵطԭܼ黯·ϡһЩ
˻
Ȼ֮䣬֮Ľ͵һ¡һ֮黯·Ǳ˺ѿ޴Ľ⣬ǰϯȥ
Ӱɴ󷽵ʹͽû뵽ʶӰɴķʧЧֵ֮֮ԵЩˡ
ִټ߶ȫֶζʩչվһ㡣
Կâɨͱɸӡ
ʹͽûֱ۾ֱĶžԡ
ôܣ
㡭ôӰɴģܣԲܣһڵĿ棬ܻӰɴ˶˵Գ֣ҲһξͻӰɴʹͽš
ȥɣϢһȵ
С̸֮£ϯС̵ڶνɱܴ֮ʩչ깥ɱҲǴɨʹͽûʲô壬вһҡҡ׹һʵȷʵȵ׺һھ类ѹƣ廹ԭ壬ʹͽܱһ˿ǲ
һ˿ѾҪٴγˣֻҪٹһʱ䣬˿˿ȻȻͻ᳹ɢ


2070 Ԫľ
ɨһʱɢʹͽ΢󣬾ֱչһɫһĶ˹
ⶫӰɴ
ԿӰɴͷ黯һҲһĻ΢鿴Ӱɴ֪ⶫǼܲŮ֮ͬһ౦
Ӱɴ֮ȻҪǿöࡣĹ죬Կ̵黯·Ҫ֮ۻӵöࡣ
öӰɴо黯һӦûһЩת
ڼ򵥿Ӱɴ󣬾Ա㽫
Ĳɱڼʹͽ΢곹ɢ󣬾Ա˼Ԫ˧Ӱ˸չ˶Ԫ˧Ĺ
޾֮⡣
Ӱվ
Ϊɫ۵ӣλʱ۾˫չԿչϣ˿˿Ƶĺɫ޾֮ڡ
Ҳ֪˶ã۾
ˣһıԴ־ǿѾͺܶࡣҵĻᣬڴʱ˿̣޵¼һҪ磬ɾͲһͺ
֣޵¼
׼𣿡޵¼վԶӰ
ּˣͬʱӦ
ʱ޵¼ָϷһ㡣һҫĿĹȻ޵¼ܣһ״ͼ̼Ŀɢ
һҪɹΪһ죬Ѿ̫ã̫ࡣţɹ޵¼˻Ŀбŷ˵Ĺâ
֮µ·Ҫһж˺ѡ
ʱȥ֮޵¼ͼһƬУһͬʧˡ
ڵĻĳһߵӰ޵¼¡
ˣڻǽˣ
Ļ籾Դ־Ҳס޵¼㲻ںϣҾֱ̳㣡εң޵¼Ц
籾Դ־ġʵԽǿⲿųͻԽǿǰ޵¼Ҳһ磬ʵѹơǰ;Ÿĸһʹͽķ˺ܶʱ䡣һΣԼټʹͽһԭǲܵġ
ȽʹͽȫսһӰ籾Դ־޵¼˵õһᡣǣȫˡ
ϲˣʹͽ¶ϲɫ޵¼˵
ǵļ磬ǵĵһ𶥼εĿǿߡһ磬Ҳûǵĵȡǣǵĵվûһ磬ҲûгɾͲ
ǵĵ޵¼ˣջĻˡ
ǵĵɾͲЩ׷ҲʹͽҲȻˮǴߡܷһ籾ԴЩ׷ߡ˵ĳһ죬ҲܵõһĻᡣ
ߣȥ˻Ԫ޵¼һ˵
ৣߵһʧԶ
һ̣Ǳǵִ˹ռ֮⡣

޵¼˽󣬻Ԫ͸֪ˣ̱ͨһⷽʽϢݸռĹ顣
ˣйɽźӵȹ飬ͬʱ֪˻Ԫʶ
Ǹ֪һȫˣסˡΪڻԪʶУȻ˿־壬Ԫڿ־壬ھʲôԪʶǹҲ޷ǳԪ˼ܹһģ⡣
˻ڶ֪һ£һҪͷˣƺڽûκϣ־
˲κεĳɣ̾ϵ֮ܵɱľԡ
ʱԪ˧ɱˡʣµһЩȫҲֻʱ⡣Դһ層ڳʱĸĸҲȫʧȥ
ˣóԼĴѶ
ʲôҲо˻еľζ
СˣԪԤʾһƺڽˣҲ޷˵Σ
̹ȥҲҵ顣
һ粽ͨ涴ͣռ䡣ڵִռ󣬾ԲŴѶȳƺƿ߼˵һ顣
ܵѾûʲôвˣûгƺƿ߼룬ЩҲʲô˻
ػߴˣԣ
ٸ飬ۼһ𡣾ԴǵĿУ˾źͲ
ԪʶǸ޷ռ䱻ڶƺƿ߹ʱ򣬻Ԫûйľʶ


2071 
ҲܸоڵĹռǰһЩͬǹ飬ԻԪʶӦûôǿңΪõԪͬڹռܸоһֱϢ
ǻʲôΣüͷ
ãλԪռٵΣܿԼնɱʹͽĵйءΣֻԻ֮⣬ڻ֮Ѿ𣬻˭ʲôвռأ
ˣ
ʱһ𶯣Ժй֪
˲Ϣ֮䣬ԾͲ𶯵Թռ֮⣬ռӦòǺԶ
ȥô£Եͳ˵
ಣӰһ
飬澰ԡڹռ֮ڣ⴫ͣԾʵһЩĹҲܸϾԡ
ֻɲ֮䣬ԺЩ͵˹ռ֮⡣
ǰһЩģľӳ뵽֮ڡ
ԿһνСĺŮӣǰ֮ССĺŮӣܣһɫ״ŹֵĶ̵ߡΪŮӱžԣԵûϿԷò
ڸԶһЩĵطߵӰ߸ˣΪһͬɫĳۣһڣ˿òɫ޳۵顣
УǿҵĲдԣǺŮӣԶ߸˷Žֹˡڹռ䶼֪𶯣ǺŮԶЩ˽
ʣ죬˵֡
ţԱ΢΢һ
Ȼתת
ȻûпŮӵòԸղԺѾһ֣һ缫主дɫʵһƺƿߡʡ
ŮӣԶųƺƿߣͬǴСһǿʢճԽƺƿߵĿʵ
֮ǰҲ˵һЩڵ䨵ĴšȻǾԵһμ䨱ˡ
ʶЩǣԶˡ
ûмҡͷ۾ͻȻԲ˿ŭ˵˵ϢЩϤûҼǵϢʱҲܵϢɶ񣡿ɶ˵һйϵ
ˣݺݵĶźˡ
ˣĵ޵½ܣʹͽ
ˡһ˵ĻͲȷЩ˵ˡ
ܵնɱʹͽЩеһվǰĺˣ¾ʹͽеĵˡҲ֪λ˵ʵжǿ
ҿԻ֮⣬ܵ籾Դ־ѹƣʵޡȻЩҡ
Ůޣ֪㡣֮ǰҾѾעˡ۵޵½
޵½˵仰ûκλӦվֻǣΧߵĺɫŹ̵ֶߵٶȱøˡ
ӦҲµҵ˰ɣϾҲһˡڣҸһᣬ齵ҡ׷ң޵½ܽʹͽݡһĻԪƿһ֮󣬻ʹһֻ籾Դ޵½ܼ˵
Υҽ³ǹˣǸ飬Ǵʱ޵½Цһ
ںܾǰ޵½ܾһˡΪƿһ磬һֱ׼Ҫ磬ôڵ谭İʯСںǸε飬ҲòӣϾһʵͷӲ١
Ϊɱˣƻܾãɹɱ棬ͬˡʵϣɱһĳƺƿߣֻй˺档ˣɱһΪǿ
˵ʵö˵ˣʵʵҲȹ˲˶١ջСΧ鱨Ϣ䨵ʵ൱ģǳԽԶųƺƿߵĿֲڡ
ұѾʻڵκˡ
ǽ죬ҲòΪ֪Ҫһ硣һٲãٶȱݣϾҵļҡҪҵļңҲܵġվֹ㡣ҵʵ޷ֹ㣬Ҳô䨿ڣ˵ⷬ
䨵Ҳأеɳƣȴһֶеζ
ڤ粻飡޵½ҡҡͷ
Ҫ䨹齵ԼҲֻʱˡʹͽһ磬ôһڣû˭ֹԣ䨵Ĺ齵߲齵ҪȻ䨲齵Լôȥɣһڵ飬һͬɣ


2072 
޵½ܲٶԣֱ̧һӡ
һʹͽֱŵ䨹ɱȥ
ΧߵĶ̵һ̻Ϊһɫ⣬ʹͽ˹ȥ
¡ɫʹͽӴ
Կʹͽǰռִ黯ƣ˾󲿷ֺɫܡдܣʹͽδʲô˺ֻǽʹͽ˻ȥ
䨵սȷʵ뺷ǵԵʹͽ֣ȫ·ģǲʹͽĶ֡ʹͽȴܻʹͽ֤ʵҪʹͽǿǱȽһʵѹƵʹͽǿһ
ʹͽ˺ϵıΪսⲻɱһ
սϿȻսʹͽ֮ϣɱʹͽʱƺ̫ܡ
޵½תĿ˾ԡ
Ժڶӹռһ̣޵½ܾע⵽˾ԡ
Ǹԣ
һУȻϣɲòϣƿһı޵½ܵ촫
ԭ޵½ܵļƻʱ䣬Ӷһʱ䡣һֱڳıڵȴõĻᡣɾԵĺճļƻԵٶ̫죬쵽Ӧ
ʶǰԭļƻôԽøǿ󣬸ԴԣòǰƻʵʩǰɱʽĴս
޵½ʵҲʧעġںЩĸ壬߰ˡʧҲʧˣ޹شšǻ籾Դ־ƣȫԷĸһ֮ڡ
޵½Ҳ֪ھͷŽһʹͽҲѾˡȻһЩŭҲǺ⡣
ֻҪܹƿһ磬е׷߶Ҳܵ
ǲӦúأ˵
ԵĻ޵½ܲ΢΢һ㶡
ҲֹǰɣΪֹ𣿺ǺǣҴ׷߽һ֮ڣûֹܹˡԣҲСһڣһЩ֪飬ҳΪ֪ĵ𣿡޵½۾𣬶Ծ˵
֪ҡͷ
ʵ㵹ҲлᣬΪĵ磬齵ңΪҵ׷ߡһΪǧ֮ϡ޵½ֿʼԾһס
΢Цҡͷ֪´
һڣʵǿ顣Ҳʸ֪ҵ֡ˣҵֽ޵½ܡһڻԪƿػ߹ұ㽫һ磬Ϊ޵½ܻ磡޵½Ŀо
θˣӰ΢΢һ
б׽֣һֱն죬˵ķŤ״һ֮Ľ⣬˲Ϣǵ޵½ܵǰ
޵½ûʲô仯ֱֽ֮۲̧𣬶Žһ¡Ҳû̫Ķ֮ĽǻΪƬ
һĻԲһ
ǿ
̫ǿˣ
Ȼ֮ǰѾȥ޵½ܵʵڿûǵ˺ܶࡣһ⣬ȻȫԸȴҲǾ߰˷ֵսܡĹ޵½ǰȴһƻ
ɰ
Ϊǧ֮ϣֻݵͲĲࡣҵʵһ籾Դ־ѹƣǰҲָ𡣡޵½У߸ϵζԡ
޵½΢ֱۣ󣬵ڶʹͽԳ
ѾɱһʹͽʹͽʵҲбȽȷʶӶ׽ֱӾͽʹͽɳȥ
ţƺǡ֮ǰܵնɱʹͽʵҪǿһЩԻʹͽüת
֪ʹͽʵͱȱԼնɱʹͽʵǿΪһ籾Դ־Դʹͽʵѹˡ
һʹͽɱ䨣Ҳע⵽Իʹͽ񣬶˶ԡ
Ҳ֪ԡ
Ȼᣬ޾Ūһδδ󶯾벻֪ѡ˵ɱ˵޽ɽɽ޿κΣ˵־ԵĴšҲ֪ԵʵǿһͽʹͽɳԶ󣬲ãԾԵʵԤƵҲ׼ȷ
֪ˣԵʵȵΪһǿߵĹҪǿܶࡣ
ǣأǿҲסĵ޵½ܰ䨣һ̾ջ˴һƱĿ⡣
Իɳȥʹͽܿɱ˻һΣ޵½ܱٶȷɳһս߰ʹͽǰһʹͽͬʱԡ


2073 
ת˲֮䣬ʹͽ뾰Ծһ
Щյ黯ǿҵĹд󲿷ܣǵ黯ֱڵˡڳʱҲ˼黯⡣
黯⣬Թеܣкܴһ־ͺǽһ硣
Ƭ̺󣬵ʹͽ뵽ΧԵ֮СʹͽĹȻܱȽɵӦһ磬ԵսȷʵѾԶԶƺƿˡ
ǵ޵½ܣһֱۿž׷ɱĿǰΪֹûбֳҪֵ˼
ػߴˣ㣡
ɽźӵȹ飬ʱҲսȦ
ɽȹʵȳƺƿߡʵǿģҪȻʵǿ
ΪʵǿܽĻӹռɱȥ
ڹɱ޵½ʣʹͽҲͬɱ˳ڶǿߣȫɱһ
ûʱ䣬߾ռϷ硣޵½ܵ׷ʵȻǿ󣬿޷뾰ߵǿȡųƺƿսĶʮ
ΪЩʹͽ黯̫죬һʱҪɱЩʹͽҲǺѡ
ʹҴǵıˣ޵½ͻȻڣЩʹͽ˵

ڵõ޵½֮ܵսеʹͽǶȡι״ı
üͷ壬ܿ̽ЩܡЩܶǿȻ綥⼶˵Щʹͽеı඼ӽֻصһĻ
ЩûǰɱǸʹͽõӰɴǿ
ʹͽñ֮Ǳ㽥ס˾档һǿıǵսࡣ
ߵĹ飬ǿǿսǶûʲôáǻԪ飬ͲóȱбҲǻȻģϾ١
ಣ
Զˣ桢ѻȳƺƿ߻飬ʱҲִ֮ǰӵԵĴѶԱ΢׼һ£ʹܵϹ
ǿҵս֮һء
޵½ܵˣǵȻʶһӿôİĿǿߣȻľеš
һ㽫ŵ˸ոոЩƺƿߡŮ洹һƺƿߣɫ
֮飿
Щ쵰
ǾȻǵĻ硣Щһʵÿ¡
ǰ˶ǣҪСǸһֱûֵļһˣ֮ǰܵնɱʹͽĵ
ϺһڣҶò
Ҳòͷ¶β֣
˶ŭĶ޵½ܵߡ
ְɣɱЩߣ
ɱ
ȳƺƿߣҲ׷׼뵽սȦ֮ڡһʱ䣬ߵǿﵽ˶ʮЩʹͽΧɱ
˵ʵһЩĹռ飬ԶšǵʵȽϵͣʱҪǳ֡
ģòˣ
ôͿʼɣ޵½ӿд
׼ˡ
ֱ̧ۣƴһƬӰ뵳˲Ϣ֮䣬ӰǻΪһ⣬ŻϮɱ
Կڹ⣬ϳǺڹڷɽھͿȷ浱ʱڷɽǱ棬ӦǱɱˡ
Сģһȡ
̽УһڹĹĿ꣬ʥȵӢѣҲǶӢ
ӢҲͬʱܵµɱԼתĿǺڹ⼫ԼϮɱھʱѾܣʩչǿֵֶ
Ӣŭһ
֣ܣȻ޷һڹ⡣ڹⲻٶȼ죬ȫԼôֻһѡ񣬾ʵֵסǵһι
ҲһҪֵӢѹһնǺڹ˹ȥ֮Ľࡣ
ھԵ˵ע֮£޵½ͷŵĺɫƿӢһֶΡ
ۣ
գɫɨӢ壬Ӣȫһ׹ȥ
ڷɽӹĻ澰пʱûüֵɫӢʱֵֵֶǺɫ֮£µѩһ㱻Цݡ
ӢԽŵĺȻųӢ塣
ӢϵɢѵתĿ⣬˾һۣϢ


2074 Ӳ޵½
һͷ޵½һնɱ
ҲһĻһɺ⡣
Ȼ֮ǰľ󣬿汻ɫǱϾĿáڣۼӢһɱǵҪȽǿҵöࡣ
ȻǶ⣬ȴκȴ˼ΪǶ֪һ类ǵӶᣬ˶޷ӹνѡ
û·ֻս
۾죬תĿ޵½ܡ
һȺϣǣҪһὫǣһȫɱ޵½쳹
ৣһմ󣬵˾޵½ܸĵط
У
ûκζĻȫֱһǿ޵½ɨȥ
ֻ޵½΢΢һǲܿ޵½ܵ沿仯仯ԾԵǲȫӡ
б֮󣬾ûκͣ٣ȫȻ֮նɱ
ھŲС
ھŲɵơ
ԼĻ綥ط֮
ִ뽣֮С
һȫǾǿʵܹʩչȫ߶˼ľġ
˻˻֮Ľ⣬ǽһƬʡ
ʱ˿̣Ҳ޷˼ԼԻ籾ԴӰˡǣסôŮ洹˶ܻӢס޵½ܵһιҲסлԪּǿ棬Ҳδܵס޵½ܵһι
ԾҲûеڶѡ
ھʩչһ޵½ƺһЩûԵһζȻվľʩչһƬӰӰţΪķԲﷶΧ
֮ӰǷΧٶȻǰԼĪգ۵ʱ䣬ǵ޵½ܵĽǰ
޵½֣ӶԿһɫ۵צӡϵץڽ֮ϡÿһץû֮һЩ
գ⻹ɢˡ
һĻЩ
ǿĹ޵½޷в
Сӣ޷սҵģ޵½ܵ
䣡
һɫžԳɫ˲䣬Ե͸֪ˣʶԼ⹥ܲˡϼߣҲܲˣֹʽ߼ԼһڵطֶΡ
ֻӲ
ʩչ黯ռ߶طһնɫ
ЩֶΣǾͬʱʩչġ
꣡ɢԵǵ˳ȥ
ԵϣһѺУѪ
ȫڵɳȥĹУ˼ֻãԼ嶼
ϵһѺۣҲڿٵ֮С
Եסϣ΢¶һĨЦݡ
סˣ
ûб޵½һлɱ
޵½ܵĹƺԷĵֵֶΣԱ弫ǿ飬ɱƺûеô
ڶݵĴϢ󣬾Աٴγ޵½ܣһն
ܵһ޵½ƺܲԼûһɱԡ
һϯԼ嶯ˣžԳ˹֮ǰĶƣ˾Եһ⡣
ɫٴγ֣Աɡ
һΣԵƸΪءһαɳȥڹط޸֮£ѺۺܿͶϡһΣϵѺʮ֮һգ۵ʱȫϡ
Ȼǿ󣬿ҲǺƵġƳطܼޣôҲǾɵʱ̡
֪һ㣬û·һҲֻս
ಣ
ɽźӻйųǿĹ飬ʹͽ޵½ܳȥǿػ߾ԱǵɳȥܵػߵϢ仯֪ػߴ˽ֵסԲһеĳ޵½ܡ
޵½ܼɽֱ͵İڶ
ɫǿɱȥӰٵɳȥ
壬Ƿǳǿģǵ츳һͬǶǿսġ޵½ܵĹͬûֱɱǡ
Ȼһ֮£˵ƼأǶš
ȥɱʹͽԸɨɽˣ֪Ʒǳء
޵½ܹλĴξͻᱻɱֻǣǲδӾԵķԸǼ뾰һ޵½ܡһΣ޵½ܵĹ΢һЩɽ˵Ĺ뾰ԵĹɹ
ɶ񣡡޵½ŭ


2075 ͻ
޵½͵һ𣬺ɫ⻷ܸ֡
ź˵ĹھԵĹȫɫ⻷ֵ޵½ܣδ̫ܵӰ졣
Ҫȫ޵½
ĲΣȹźǸ߳ܶ࣬ȾԶ߳ࡣһ֮⣬ɱԵҲǶһͷ顣һ֮ڣȴЩܱ΢Χŭ
һɫϱ߶ȫɡ
ϵѾǳأھŲеĻָҲԽԽ
СҪǵİǣɱ˵ϣһɫ趯
Լٶ޵½ܳȥ
ռ飬Ҳûκγɡ
Ϊ˻ԪΪػߴˣɱ飬ʵҲ൱ƿ߾Ļ飬ȫ޵½ɱȥ
ಡһӰл
ǣη
棬޵½̾Ϳ˹ǣʱ沿
޵½ֻ̧ӳһɫⲨ
ɫ˹ˡ
ȫ֮ӿǧһӱɢ˴롣˵Ϣ֮
ϸ硭ԿŹˣૡ
ɱǲѪڼǰ塣
·ͨصݺݵ޵½ܳȥ
ֻǡ
Щ޷޵½ܵĺɫȦ
ۣ޵½˫Ŀӿɱ⣬ϵĺɫ
ÿһɫ֣һ鱻ɱ
ǳ嵽޵½ܸʱǱɱʮˡµĹִȫ޵½ܷΪ͵Ĺ
ǵĹϵĺ޵½ܺɫ⻷ϡ
һȺϣ
һȺ棡޵½쳹
ţ΢΢һ
ǲϱɱҲʹҲûа취ŹǶ޵½ܵĹԸӦ޵½ƺһЩ仯޵½ܵϢ΢һЩȻϢ͵òǺܶ࣬ȷʵһЩ
ѵһ
޵½ܵʵǿ󣬾ҵĹûʲôвһڣƺ޷ٲԼǵĹҪĵʱ޷ָܽȥϣת
ɱһȣ׽ٴնȥ
޴Ľ⣬޵½ܺɫ⻷ը
ʱ򣬸޵½ܵʹͽҲһȻʮɱʹͽʣЩʹͽȻʵ׺ٺܶࡣ
ҵɱڳš
޵½ŭ
һɫڹźӵϡźڵֵסɢźӣɱˡ
֮󣬹ɽɱ
Ƭ̺󣬹˱һɫ
鲻ս
ԣҲ½ֳ޵½ܵĹ
һ㣬ٿһ㣡ҧ嶼ھҵĲš
ϵƣѾ˼صĳ̶ȡսҪָƶǺ鷳顣
ˣˣ
Үƿ߲λ飬ˡ
칬޽ɽʥȻˮ񹬵ƿߣȫӴĻȵƿߣҲִԨ۳ǰ뾰Դ˸к󣬱Ǽ뵽Χɱ޵½ܵսȦ֮С
ɱߣƿǣȫŭ
еƿߣǼ÷ʩչطԼȽԶܶ޵½ܽйǲҪӽ޵½ܡ
żΧ޵½ܵƿ࣬޵½ܵϢͣԼӿһ㡣
ɼˣҪɱ޵½ܣȻǷǳѵ顣սʼڣ޵½ܵϢǿȣҲͽ˰ٷ֮һҡɱ޵½ܣ̫Զˡ
һʹͽɱ
ʹͽļ٣ʣµʹͽԽԽסˡ
䨣Ҳɱֵʹͽ֮ûκͣ٣ǽĿתƵ޵½ܵϡһƬɫ⣬޵½ܺɫ⻷ϡ
һ㰡ȥ˱ɱ޵½Ȼţн˻
ˣ
ʱ򣬾ֻоڳһĸо㷢ԼյĹгԱ仯
΢΢һ㶡
ǡԴ߶е
ͻˣУͻˣ⡭ԭˣУھŲȻ߲ΡһطǳԽɵƵȵȻ缶طĴڡԻȻ
֮ǰյھŲк󣬾һֱоȱһʲôγԣ޷ܡһս֪ͻ˹ط


2076 ںϻԪ
ǻԪ˵Ĵط䱾߹ζ
յĵھŲͻƵʮ֮Ϣ֮仯Ϊ嫵ܲɢԭصƣԾԵӰ·Ҳ΢˺ܶࡣ
С޵½ǵһӦϢ仯ˣ¶ȵı飬㵵žԡ
ôᣡ£Ȼ޵½ܺһЩš
΢Ϥͻ˵Ĺк󣬱ֶ޵½ܽй
ʮеȷʵȵھŲǿöࡣںϹܵĽ޵½ɫ⻷Ǻɫ⻷
ɶ񣬾Ȼ֮࣡޵½ܸĽͣҧҧѽ
һȺϣֹ޵½ܣ޵½ŭȡ
ʹͽʱֻʣһ޵½ܲǺ⡣ʹͽˣֻҪܶһ磬ƿһ磬ʧͶʲô
޵½ܷĹ
ͻ飬սġǣûȴÿһ˶ȫ֣Ǽֲǿ޵½ܡ
ʮʱ޵½ܵϢǿȣѾ½˳ɡǣȻǿÿһιһƿ߲ǿ䡣
ȥȻʧܰЩɬš
ĹȻͻƣ޵½ܣĹȻʲô޵½ܣʵ̫ǿˡ
ʱһš
ģ޵½Ѿɱ˲һҵĻ͹顣ƺƿߣѾ˳
ô죡
׸ô죡ȥȷʵɱ޵½ܡὫȫɱճɹɻԪһ硣ԲЩ
ŴսĳһıԴ־ܵҲԽԽء籾Դ־޵½ܵѹͬ½޵½ܻɵ̵Ԫ
һɹģ޵½ܣҪɾͲˣɱЩ棬û谭ˡ޵½ܿЦš
ռڣԪӴɣʱһЩ仯һЩɫĹΣӻԪ𽥵ĻۡڻԪϷɫĹΣ·һƬƶ䡣ƶ䣬ԽԽ
ƶ֮Уżȵ
ɫεӿԪ֮½ԿԪɫɫɻɫԪǴҶڽήջΪ۳
Ҳ֪˶ãһɫ⻪ӻԪӿԪ֮Ӵɣһ㻯Ϊ۳Ʈɢռ䡣
ɫγɵƶ䣬ȴһ𣬶Ȼռ䡣
嫵·硣
ǡ
Ǵӹռģ
Ũô£ƺǻԪϢ
սеĹͻ飬Ŀʡ
ԣͬתĿȥ
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һ磬·֮ǰķѾ޴Ĵ۴ʹͽΪľԪֻҪЩͿԳԽɲӴ㡣
ҵģ޵½ɫƶȥ
źɫ⻷ȫ˾ԵĹɫƶȥҪЩȫڡ
ৣɫƶ䶯ˡ
֮ϣ·һɫӡⳤӣʶһʵλãǾλá
ԻЩ㶣ɫӱѾӿǰֱӽ뾰Եڡ
⡭˲Ϣ֮͸о˺嫵Լڡ
Լϵƣһ˲ȫָ
ǰδеȫԸоԼڼٱǿÿһɲǣԼǿࡣ
޵½ܳ嵽ɫƶǰȴ޷ӽ߹ųӽɫƶ䡣
ϳԣȴ޷ɫɫӿ뾰Ե壬ס
ǡ籾Դ־˻ԪԺбȻһЩϢ
籾Դ־ѡң졣
Ҫңɱ޵½ܣػ磿Ժһ
ɫӿ뾰ںܿ죬ɫƶС
ʮʱ֮ɫƶȫʧɫҲ뵽˾Եڡ
ʱľԣÿǰǿʢ
Ů洹䨵ʵȵȻ飬žԡЩˣ֪ʲô顣ӾԵϢ仯ƺһ¡ɫ̺ſûжԾԵʲôõӰ졣
޵½ܣһɫһȣб׽ű׵޵½ɱ˹ȥ
֣ҵĶ޵½ž


2077 ɱ޵½
޵½Ƿ
Ϊ˶һ磬ıʱ䣬ĴۡڣۿžҪɹˣǻԪȴյˣܹģ
ûϵлᣬֻҪܹɱԣǻԪȻڣӶա
޵½ܲٹĻ͹飬ֱԣҪɱԣػԪ
ʱľԣ̧Լֱۡ
ڿǰǿþ΢΢ЩӦʵԭѾǶһļˣ֮ǰǵʵȣȴ֮
Ͷ֮䣬嫵ܡԼ䣬߹ζ
޵½ԼǣĿս߰
Ƕ˺󡣡˵
ǶŮ洹»滹˵ġ
һսڵĶʧ޴񻹻ŵһ붼ûСƺƿʧԻһЩЩƿ߲ε˸ࡣ
Ů洹ԵĻ΢ǶԪ뾰ԵڣȻʱȷʲôܹܵԵϢ
޵½ܣһ磬ȫһѡ񡣽죬㽫ڴˣԶ޵½ܡ
СΣ޵½ָɫתµɱϯء
ƣһͺȡ
׽նɱһɫ̳
ۣɫԭ޼᲻ݵĺɫգʱڣǴмֿ
ɫˮԵĻ֮ȴһʯˮ嵽ʯϣֿ
ɶ񣡸С޵½˻š
޵½ܣɣӰ͵ĳ
ʮУ߷£ԵһʹӰ֡
¡̳ɲǼ޵½ܺɫ⻷֮ϡ
ɫ⻷͵Ĳɢ֮󣬺ɫ⻷Աõ
ǰΧ޵½ôʱ䣬Ҳ޵½ɵһ޵½ɵˣֻҪٹңԾɱ޵½ܡ
޵½ûȴȻ׺ݵĹžԡ
ৣٶȳֹ
֮޵½ܵĺɫ⻷ڱ߽⡣ںɫ⻷һɲǣ޾綼ݺݵ
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ѾĵòˣȻʱЦ
޵½ܣ׽׼ٴδ̳նɱ޵½ܡ
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޵½ܣΪ˶ȡһ磬׼ôʱ䣬ƴ۵ĳıȴΪС˼£޵½ܱ졣
С֣޵½ʧܣҲԲСɵģС֣Ҳùģ޵½ܱ
޵½һС
ͻȻһ
ãһ
һǿҵΣУھɣʶ޵½Ҫʲô
ˣֻ̧ӳ
һƬʵĹ⻪˲ϢסŮ洹л͹顣
¡춯صľ촫
޵½ܵ壬ֱӱµŰЩԾ˵ٶɢŮ洹ˣ׵塣ڣǰųסǡǵܣһ̺߹ʹĻ޵½Ա
ûоԵıôŮ洹ˣһ
ԱĺɫϯһСǾ벻ԶĹռ䣬ֻںͱռ䣬Ϊӡ
˺һᣬռűȶ
Իܣɢ
Ů洹ˣ¶Ȼ飬Եߡ
ռ䡭ûˣ
Ԫأ
⡭⡭
˶ľګ
ԵɫδΪ޵½ܱնɱúÿ˫ü
˻Ԫ֮һĸ֪Ǵﵽĵزƺܹ˲Ϣ֮串硣Щؾοռ䣬Եյأ·ɽ룬ܹƿһС
ʱ֮䣬ǽ˻綥յ֮һķɽɱɨɽɽصĸΣջиıھԵԺи֡
Լƺܹٿ߹Ըı߹
һУûþϲΪ磬̾ͷ֣ڱ
û綼ڱѾѺ޾߹Ѿ޸ЩѺˡ
ǰƿߺͳƺƿ߶˺ѻݣǿߵսҲܻٻݡ߹Ӱ֮£Щ˶ɺָܿڣ޾ɥʧָֻ


2078 û
糹ױô֮ڵ鶼ЩƺƿҲ⡣
֮ʲôû֪֮һڣû˴ﵽĲΣ֮ǰľԣҲûдﵽһΡ
ѵһվҪ𣿡ȻĿա
һˣˣѡ
ˣ⡭ƺЩԾôоռһЩֵü
翪ʼڻڣȷʵһЩЩŨմȾЩܵӰ졣޷ɢЩ̺ɱƿ֮µл顣
һ磬ڱԿ˵
ʲô
ڱˣʲô˼
ڳ仰¶
߽⣬߹Ѳ޸硣ڵıٶȣ֮ڣͽɢˡҡҡͷһɬЦЦ
һս֮ǰ籾Դ־Ѿ˺ۡ޵½ܴʹͽ磬һս籾Դ־ǲظ޵½Ա壬ѹյһݡ
Ŀ⻷ڳˣٴһ̾
һλڵ飬ʧ̫ˡ
öϤףˡ
ʥȵӢս޽ɽľɽսѻսˡ
ƿ߲飬ս˴󲿷֡칬Ŀ򸱹׵ϵȵȣ䡣
ͬ˲أԭٶӽٹ飬ʱŵĽʣһҡ
Ů洹»ǶţĵӹҲš
ˣ
ھ˼Ÿֹʱ򣬲ԶУͻȻ򲨶
Ժڳˣ̸ӦɲתĿȥ
ֻУһɫ·𽥻ۣγһס
ף˶¶ŭı顣
ףĵ޵½ܡ
СӣоΣһ磬ǲڼٱ⣿

ΪѾɱ޵½𣿡
ûУƾͣҲɱңǳ˵Σɱģҵһˡ
޵½ܵ
黹û꣡ŰɣֹһҲģʱһֽһ޵½ܽš
ɶ񣡡
ɣ֣Ӵ׹
ǹִ֮ǰ޵½ܵױԼɢȻһֻ޵½ܲд۳ģûй˵⼸仰󣬱Զɢˡ
ɫء
޵½ܾȻû
һ޵½ܣһѡһ˿µʵôжǿ
⵹ǾԸ߹޵½ܵʵˣʵ޵½ܵıⷨʵࡣ޵½ܱһ磬ս뷨ǲġ޵½ܱôһǱնɱˡ
޵½ҲǽƻúܣȻԼţȷܹһ磬Ȼûñһ磬ֻһ
޵½ȻֻʧһӰҲǺܴġһֱǵڶⷨЩɲͬҪһҪֲ۵ġ֮У̺ġҲ֮ɢˡ֮У޵½ҲԪˣ֪Ҫʱ䣬ָܻ
ˣ޵½ܾȻû
ģôôɱ˵ʲôڵֻǷⷨʲô˼ǷʵҲֲ̫˰ɣһЩ׷׿ڡ
Щ飬ԷҲûκε˽⣬ʶΪһơһڣǺŪЩʵܵ΢ֻһЩáǳƺƿߵķʵҲԶԶȲƿ߲顣У̺Ҳ٣ɱԱҲûӰ졣
ڿ޵½ȷʵû
Ļ쵰ɱ˶飡ġ
ԭΪѾɱ޵½ܣҲΪ޵½ɱ鱨ˡڿδ޵½ܻš
ܼˣֹһıתĿҧҧ
ڤڤ֮УԸ߹
ڵ߹ԴͷҲǻԪݱ䣬ǻԪԪΪṩڶ顣˵Ԫ߹ڵġ˻Ԫӵ˸Ӧ߹
ʱ߹Ѿ޸磬ôֻܳȥٿ߹
У˫Ŀ߹򣬳Բٿ߹ȥ޸һѺۡ


2079 
ڻգڳ˶ΧھܣŪκ졣
ʵǿնִ򣬶Իкǿ֪û޵½˵ǷҲܸ֪һĲ
ݳֵѺۼ࣬һЩطֱơ֪ŸտʼٶԱȽԽ棬ٶȾͻԽ졣ǲܲˣȷʵʱ䶼Լ֡ڻĹУͻдȥ
ӻ֮͸Ĵ̺Ϣһֵܹġ
ԳԲٿ߹ȥ޸޼£߹ƺҲ졣
ֻܡҵ뵽߹ˡﵮԴͷа
˻Ԫʢңڵһ߼˵Ǿǳʼ߹ʮϡ
߹ȥ޸ѺۣһЧˡֻǺʱ䣬Ա㽫һ޴Ļѷ޸ɡ
ˣҲɺһЩɡ
޷޸ѺۣҲûκΰ취ˡ
ǵһѷ޸󣬽޸ѷ졣Բһȥ޸ĻѷֵٶȻ޸ٶȻҪ졣ٿ߹򣬿ʼ޸ѷ졣Ҳ֮ϵıš
ʱľԣԼڻָ޾硣
žԶԻ޸޾𽥱ȹǲӿҲ֮
˸ܵһ仯Ҳ¶ϲɫ
ٶҲԽԽ졣
һʱ޾Ѻ۲޸һӣԵȴѾ˴롣
ھܵˣѾһ㣬Ǹ֪ԵϢڲϽ͡
ǿ쿴˵Ϣǲû֮ǰǿˣŮ洹˵
ȷʵˣô£
Ҹо˵ģ
ã˵һˡ˵ͷɻɫˡ
⵽ô£
˶ʧɫ겻
յʱȥ
ʱľԣһͷڷѾȫ˰ɫղˣȡ֮һ԰ɫ
ô죿ô죿
һΪ޸ѺۣźķԼǣôأŮ洹Ŀзˮпǻ
ˣҲʶͷԵģ޾ȴȶôֻһͣǵԼ޸硣
ƵϢ֮䡣
ǸܵԵѾˣһɶûʣˡȻȥôԵܻȥ
ֻܽ˽ˣһ˵
᲻⣿˲ĵ
ѵ˻᲻˭֪ǲѵˣǵֱӾͻȥص˵
໥ÿĿжǣûܶԴõİ취
ѵˣŮ洹ҧű˵
ЩУ뾰ԵĹϵ˵׽ġ˵ԵŮ洹һִġûŮ洴壬ôҲܳ֡
Ů洿ʼкԣûκηӦ
ûа취ŮֻܻӳԼֱӰеľԡ
һΣ˷ӦܵŮ洵۾Ů活ˣЩϵĹġ
ʵԼϵı仯һ޷ֹֹͣͣôһȻ籾δָ
ȣԿһ
ǣɫѪҺʳͷڿƮ衣
ˣְͣɣ
ǰͣ°ɣˡ
ٲͣ£ģ
еĿ⣬ǵĿžԡ
ԣȴҡҡͷ
λͣսᡣ粻棬˶档˵
ԿԵϣеɫ⻪ɢЩɫ⻪뵽֮У޾ƺҲָ֮š
ǡŮ洹ü
ŮҪ˵ˡٴҡͷ
յʱȥ
ͻȻԵ壬Ϊɫ㡣Ĺ㣬һ磬ƮɢƮء
桢»ȳƺƿԼƿǰԵ壬ȫɢˡ
̲סۡ
ˡˣ
ԵԼ޸޾硣
ˣ˴ź
ˣ˷ź
֮صȴûκεĻӦ
޾Ѻۣʱδȫ޸ѾױȻءǣڵĻ磬ѾָһЩѺۻб򣬲δڼ󣬶ǿʼ޸


2080 
𽥻ָ֮Ҳ𽥲졣
޵½һս޾ʧ޴ԪˡҪָҪܾúܾá
޽ɽľɽʥȵӢϣռʧȥƺƿͳ˧µĳԱǨռ֮ءûгƺƿߵ޷ռġ
ռ֮أֻˮ񹬺ͺ칬䣬ҲǡɶŮӡ
޽ɽʥǨռ֮أǿȣʵǾռ֮أˮ񹬺ͺ칬Ҳǡ
һսǵľҲ˱仯໥֮ɱǰ˺ܶࡣǿ֮䣬ⳡսܳһʱﶼֹﾳ֮úټ
ŵĹ飬ѰҵһȽεĿռԪʧռػߴ˶ѡԼ޸硣Щ飬Ӵӣٹʻ¡ȻԭЩͲͻеĸַ
ƣۡ
ȻѹȥڻȻкܶ鴫žԵ¼
Ļ飬ֵ֮ǳսΪ١
˶֪ǾԵô綼߽⣬˶ȥ
Ϊ˼Եһ½һȣԵ񡣻Уÿʱÿ̶鵽Щ֮ǰԵ

޾磬һռ֮ڡ
еĴܹܵ߹ζ
ռ䲢Ӵڿռ봦һɫľ޵ɫ޵ı棬ơ
гƺƿ߲λһԾɫ޵ƣлпԽӴĳƣһֻɫĹơʶ޵½ܺЩʹͽֶεĻ飬ӦϳǹĻɫƣܹ黯ռ·
ɫ޵ı棬ʱ̶дϢתЩϢֻɫ޵Χתɢ
ǣ
ʱһ촫һ촫ɫ޵棬һѺ۳֡
꣡꣡Ѻ۲
ڶѺۣѺۣϳ֡
ں̵ܶʱڣɫ޵ͳ˴ѺۡЩѺ۽֯죬ǵı档
䣡ɫ޵ͻȻҵһ¡
ԭͲѺ۵ĵǣž޵һ𶯣׷䡣
Ũɫâǳռ䡣Ǿ޵λõɫΣΪŨ
ͻȻһֱ۴ɫֱ۽֬һ㣬Ͼ
Ƭ̺һӰ
ڻˣӰ˵һ仰
ӰܣɫĹת˿òǣŮ洹仰һǾԵ
ǺǣΪʹȥȴû뵽
ѾȥãҲ֪ʲôҲ̽һһ
һ˵ģѾŨɫâ߳ӰǴŨɫâд
仰֮󣬵ڶӰ˳ܲɫӰվһ𣬶ǿռڵɫâǶȻתɫâӰӿ˹ȥ
ʱ䣬еɫâʧӰҲԿõò
ǾԵò
ǣӰһģһϢȫһ
ڻУǿģֻҪķһЩϣŪһǷǷϢ뱾֮ġǴʵǴ귽棬һӾͿ
ɴʱӰ۴һ濴ȫһģ޷塣
𣡡

Ӱһк¶һЦݡ
ûӰһǱ壬һǷ
޵½ܽһģһȫ뱾һʵķ
û·
Ҳû·ӰȺ˵
ǺǡЦ
ͬʱһ֣һۣ֮˵棬γ˳۷Ρһɫۣһɫۡɫ۵Ǳ壬ɫ۵Ǳ塣
ȿڵ˵
ͷһ쵽޾硣Ƭ̺˵ͷ
ã޾ѺѾָòˡڣҲϻصһεĽѣʧķǳ޴󣬲֪Ҫܻ꣬صǰˮƽƿߡƺƿߣɲô׳֡Աҡͷ̾Ϣ
޾ݱǧʱ䣬ųôһЩƺƿߺƿߣһս롣ָ֮ǰˮƽҲҪϰʱ䡣


2081 ܽµ˼
ûµĽѳ֣֮ڣǻָġ
ɾȴûôɡ
Ϊ޵½ܲûȥһڱɱģֻ޵½ܵķ޵½ܵı廹ڡ
ԼҲ֪ҪԡʧȥԱ嶼о޴˺ɱڣǾȻš
޵½˵Ƕλɿ˲δһһûȫ߽⣬޵½Ȼң޵½ܲδؾûҪӶһ硣
Ѿ֪˸ϢҲ޵½ΪҪӶһ硣
ܹƿһ磬Ĳ𡣱ڵľԣֻҪһڣͲȥˡ˵һ̶ϣһڣ޵еġһ磬ھԵĻ硣
޵½սʱ򣬻Ԫȫ뾰ڣʱԱѾǰ벽ƿػˡֻΪʱ籾Դ־̫߹򶼱Ӱ죬Ƿǹкܴļ
Ϊ޸磬ԸȫΪԼȴû뵽һע·֮ϣһ
籾Դ־ס˾Ե飬þԵ̣ķʱ䣬Ļˣҳɹ
Ҳɫ޵֮ڵ־йءûȥôȻֻб岻з
þһ֮⣬ܴı仯ʱľԣ˵ʧȥеʵҪǱȾ磬ôڵľԾǵĲΡ磬ģȻԾͨ˶ѡ
ڵ壬ԳΪԪ֮壬Ҳ޵½˵Ĳ
Ҳ˵Ծһ硣ֻҪһڣǼɱԡ޵½ٴν٣ҲɱˡΪһѾ˾ˣѾͬն
Ļ磬ֻǱܵĶѹߵʵŸ޵½ܴܺĻᡣڣоڣ޵½ǿܾҪķѸĴۣ޵½ĽҲܽɱڲ޵½ܽٶû磬ǵ޵½ܻһ˺
޵½ڻ֮⣬ܹӳȫʵݻȻѣҪһƻһ磬վܹ˵һġ
Ҽ޵½ܲҲҪ޵½ɱô飬һô˺кǿҵ˼ɱ޵½ܣΪȥ鸴
ֻھԵҪ޴̸
һڽ޵Уǳ˻磬ǾһСһѡ
ھϣһܴı仯塣
Ե壬õ˾ڴ֮ǰԵȷʵǳǿڻǵ֮ǿʱ壬кܶʵġʿţдڡ
Щȫ޳ȥԵ壬˵ѾǾԴ˿־ⴿϲȴ֮ǰǿ󣬿ϣȴǰܹȡ
˴壬Զֱʩչ깥һڣ߹ɱȻСơ壬ڻ֮⣬ҲԼʩչ깥ҪС̵ĸ
д壬һ֮⣬ٶȽǳֲ
ʵϣԼ龳Ķʾ塣ǰȻǿ󣬿Ҫӵľ磬Ǽǲܵ顣飬Զˡ
ΪʲôЩƺƿ߼޷ΪԼ
ھȻֻʣ¿ĵǱˡ뿪һ磬ҲѸٽ

ˣ
һϮɫ۵ľԣصԼļ档
ˡˣ֮ڡ
߷ѩԼĶŮһֱڡ
߷Ҳ˵˻ڷ飬Եļ棬֮ϵܶ࣬ڵ鶼˻Ը߷ǣ˵Ϊ޸ˡ
ģǡ
ƻǿ鳤
İ꣬߷ͰѩоסڿǡѩҲʱڿǾסһʱ䡣
Щ˸ո˵ɵʱ򣬿еıж
Ѿȥ꣬ǵȻ¶Цݡ
ѩ궼û¶һֱڿһԺ֮Уκˡ
ѩڱԺڣҲȥʱ䣬Ժһ֮ܽ³Ｘ꼸ʮ겻·ʯһ㡣
ԺеĿ˼˵ζ


2082 һ
ϢУԺڶһӰ
Ӱվڰѩ󣬵ѩûκβֱһֱ۴ڰѩļϣѩŽһ𣬾ת
һŻǣƵ׺ˮߵ黬䡣
ϣһΣԶҲҪѩ˵
ΪԼС
ѩˣȻǾԡ
ⲻΣһˡƸŰѩգ˵
ԵĻѩ۵ϣ¶һ˿ЦݡֻǣȻΪһξоԴڵξ
˺һᣬѩʶԼξ֮УĻˡ
Իš
ӵþò֡
˷ֿ֮󣬾ԻӶֱۣռ΢΢Ť߷Ӱ΢Ťռ߳ʱĸ߷ҲһĴ㵣֪ʲô顣
վԺеİѩ;֮߷Ҳࡣ֪ɺ󣬸߷澰ԶȥͷǾƺ;ѩĸ׵ǿܸ߷Ѿˡ
ڱԺУ𻰺ܾá
Уռ֮ء
һϮɫ۵ľԣռ֮صĺ칬
Ů칬ڣڵһڷž䱦
Ůÿһʱ䣬䣬һԵµЩЩ䱦棬·оԵϢ
ʱڣŮվЩǰƣһƷĦš
ˣŮһ̧ͷʱվڶɫ۵ľԡ
Ȼһ
ң΢Ц
ŮþòˣŮ
㡭㲻ǡŮﶼЩ״ˡ
һšҡͷ
̫ˣ̫ˣˣһΪ㡭Ůϲ
飬ΪѾˡ˭õ֮󣬾ֻˡ
ϲ֮УŮĿַ֣ԵϢƺøΪˡԵľƺֻǵµϢȴһҪĤݵĸоܸоԵ߹ת
·ʱԵĲǾԣ߹
߹һ߷򣬱ǳƺƿ߶תһжǽ߹Լ֮µġ
Ů洣ڵ˺һ뿪
֮ǰµڶ౦Ҳ˲֣µı㶼칬ġȡصĶǬ磬֮ۡӰɴȼΪԼܹõġ
Ȼƿһ磬ǶԻ֮Ķ˽Ȼࡣ֮ۺӰɴ޵½һģϣܹ̽ĹϢ
ԴԼȫˡһڣ޷磬Ѿƿػ磬ʹ߹򣬼ȥԴҲûκô
˵ǾԸ⣬ôһеԴգЩеԴԶǿȥագûκ壬ľ粻˶
һڣ޵еġ
һͷɱĻ顣ǳƺƿ߲ǿߣסԵ־Ե־ǻ籾Դ־
ˮ񹬣
ˮ񹬵»ϥ۾
»⼸꣬δиøǿδȥѰҶ۵Ϣǣڵʵѽ׾򣬸ҵڶʧٵԭ
ŬϣԼܹٽһ
»ȥҹԣһ׾ֻΪıңԵʱǱʾ׾򣬵Ҫ֮ܶ
ĵ޵½һ磬Եղò磬»֪Լ뾰Եһͬ׾ˡ
Ѻ뵶Ҳ˵£ûдӦ
˵ԼѾˣֻҸصĵطӡ»Ҳ⵶䨵˼ûж˵ʲô
»òûɣ
»ھͻȻһƺǰ
֣ʱֹͣ۾ڵĵطˮ񹬷Ϊڡ˵Ļ飬ˮ֮ڵЩƿߣܽǵõʱȴԼǰȻ
Ŀȴǿ֮ľԣһϮɫ۵ľԾվЦЦ
ˣ㡭»סŵĿǰӰ
Ǻǣûһš㣬Ƿ׼ã׾ˡЦʵ


2083 ټκ
»ܿͽ˾Եû£ϲþڡ
֮ǰԾϢչ֮أ֪ǾԺҲȻˡȻӦԵľֻǵΣǱʶ϶ԵѾȥӵˡ
»ҹ㣬㣬ǷҪ׾򡣡֮û˷ʱ䣬ʵ
ڴ֮ǰԾʹӦ»׾ġڣʱһŵˡңԶ׾ҲһЩġ
һ֮ڣǷɽյأЩοռ䣬Ե͸ȥ׾ȴЩģ
ԵҲܽ׾򣬿ܸоһЩطҲСԾã׾пܹϵ֮һЩ
궫۽׾򣬲úʧ٣ֻһϼصϢͳ»ʮȷ۵ǲǻš
ʵϣҲǰ֮⿴һڣѾ޷Ϊ磬ôľ磬Զֻͣڵڻڣ޵еģҪ޵½ܸԵʵǼֱЦ
ڻ֮⣬˵޵½ܣﾳ鶼ɱԡ
仰»ʱϲ
ԴӶʧ֮»˵ʱ޿̲׾
ˣǺʱ»̲סվ
޲ھͳǰ׾
׼ˣʱɳЦ˵
ҲûʲôҪ׼ģ򵥽һˮ񹬵񼴿ɡ»˵
ãͶ潻һ¡һǰ׾ɡԵ˵ͷ
Լʮʱ֮»ʾˡ
ǰ׾֮ǰһһЩ飬Ҫһʱ䡣ֵ
ûϵ»
ٴεͷֱڿռӶһ£漴»Ӱʧˮ񹬷ɭϵ֮ڡ
һ̣Դ»ڹӵĿռڡ
һսʧأռ䶼ȫ𡣴սҵһοռ䣬ڴˡ
ԵĵùޱȵĻϲ
飬ֻһٸһš
οռ䣬Ϊ˻ڶһһ
ҾԣһգΪǱ𣡡ڶ鱮ǰһԡ
뿪ӵĿռ䣬ִ»Եĳ
һ򵥵ıԺԺڣһס飬ǳƺƿκ顣κѾܾˣҲ֪ڴɣδ뿪
κǰԾźܴĳԹںܳһʱﶼ뱨ѩޣڴ֮˵Ϊ޸磬ϧΪۺԾԵĳԹҲɢˡǾԵһ綼ȫ߽⣬ʱƺƿߣ̫ܻ
Ϊˣھ֮Ҳû뿪ûȥ뾰ԹϵܵЩ֡
ৣԺ»Ȼ١
κڱĿͻȻоһ棬Ȼ۾㿴˾Ժ»Ժ͵վȫˡ
Բ𣿲ôôֳ֣κ龪žԡ
г𾪵֮⣬ߡʶھǰƺûܵĿܡ
κ飡ޱ鿴κ顣
ԡκɫžԡ
ûš㣬ɻұ𣿡ʵ
κҡͷ
𣿿ʲôЦֻͨĳƺƿߣͻƽﵽڶ׶γƺƿ߲ΣҲԵһĵġ˵жԾѾûʲôˡ
Եκɨͷ
ܸоκжԼȷʵûʲôˡ
κ飬Ҳɱκ顣޾ڣѾûٳƺƿˡԣҲڻɱ¾
ȻˣκԼȻǳԹߣǾΪԼߵ˰ȫҲֻɱκ顣ڿûбҪκ鶯ˡ
Ծڵκ鵱Ȼ˳ԹأҲùԵ۾ȷκȷʵ뱨֮󣬾ɫɫҲָ
ŬɣԶκ˵仰󣬴»ʧ
ÿ죬ߵҲܿ졣
ʧǰκ黹תĿѰңȷѾ뿪ɳһţΪԼҪɱû뵽ԵδԼ֡
κչ˹֣ԭ
ףκ۾΢΢һһ̣ƺһЩµĴ


2084 
һƬɢܵɫ׺
ޱ޼ʣһֱǰ죬Խ׵Խܼһ磬˵رΪ׾
ǳƺƿߣ㡣
׾׵磬һ׵硣ڻУѰ鶼ܲ׵ֱ֮Ӳٿ׵硣е׵ܣ׾׹Ŀɲֹһǰ㡣
طӵл缶ĳƺƿߣв
Դ»׹֮СЩ׵ƾˣӽ˵ʱ򣬱Զܿ
׾żΣգԾ˵ЩΣղڡ׾򣬱ϾҲǻڵһطֻҪڻڣ߹㼸ɸıһС룬Ƭ׵֮ʧ
Щɫ޷й
׾ΧһֱС
º
ͣĿⶢǰǰһɽ塣ɽͬأһɽϸ֡ɽ壬ȴϸ
ɽ弫ߣǾԣȷ߶ȡԵ̽鵽һ̶Ⱥ󣬱޷͸
ɽܣȫɫ׵绷ơ
»׼𣿡תĿ»ʵ
׼ˣ»
ôʵǰɡԵͷ
ɽ棬Զ޷֪ȥҲܻδ֪Σա
ӰʵǡɽȻ״죬ʵ˵ѲסԺ»
ɽ棬Ҳмǿ
ɽ壬岻һʯоͣһ塣»ü˵
ǰȷʵһġҲŷ֣Ͳɽ壬һƳر˵
ر⡭һ»ɴһ˫Ŀš
ûȷʵһƳıȻǳ¡ǻڵκα޷Ტۡ۾
ʱľԣҲ³ȡ׾֮ǰûܿ׾ɽ壬һƳ
Ҳ룬ĴڣܹʹһΪʲôֻὫﲻأ
һЩϵĴп֪һЩϢһ絮ʱ׾Ǵˡڿ׾ڵҲ˵絮ʱ㱻
Ҳ޷˻Ĵڡ
֮˶ˡ棬һ޴ƽ̨
̧ͷǰȥһƬɫûлݵĴڡϣʧӰ١ɫ򣬾ͺһնһС
䣡
ھԺ»ܻʱһǿѹȻ١
һӰǸֳ
СһǷҪǰԪ򣿡Ӱ
Ժ»ԾӰ
ԪǰԪ
ǾԵһ˵֣»˵
˭ûлشԷ⣬ʵ
ңǽ飡Ӱش
СһǷҪǰԪ򣿡ԳǽӰٴѯʡ
Ԫʲôط𣿡ʡ
ȻҪѿѽҡҡͷЩԸֱͣ˽͡
ǵĻ磬˵һ硣ǵ磬ɵ졣ᵽ磬ӦĻ硣ԪǻԪ硣絮ɵۣԪԵɵۡ
ɵۣϣ
ɵۣڵ֮ϣ
ΪɵֱۣɵϻԪ񣡡
Сһô˵𣿡黺˵
Щ̫ס
»һͷˮ˲ҪȥʲôԪģѰҶʧٵԭ
Կ»񣬾֪뷨
ˣһλǰһ飬жۡ˵
ǲҪǰԪ򣿺Ǻǣִܵ˵ǵǲˡȻǲҪǰԪǾ;뿪ɣ˵Ķۣ֮ǰ롭
ţȷʵһСһִңҲǰԪ򣬵ʧˣĿ˵
ţ֡
Ժ»ǰʱã·һ磬ǰ򿪡ǵĿ⣬Կڲʱڣһ޴ĵ񣬵֮ǰһϥϸȥɿѾȥܾˣûκڡ
ʡ»ˣһˮ䡣
»̬ԼxѾȥܾȻŹǣӦþʧټĶۡ


2085 ܿ
»ǰȥӽ۵ŹǣԺͷԼ롣
һ磬ǰȴܽ롣
Կ飬뿪Է»롣
ԵĿ⣬֪Ҫ˵ʲô
ҡҡͷ˵ǲǰԪ򣬱㲻ܽ档ҵǿԷǽȥֻҪȥˡ뵽棬ǱֻһͨԪһ档
ҿԽǸжСӵʬŪŵ飬û취ӽռŪȥ飬ҿԴŲŪ˵
£˴ָ
Ժ»ǰ΢΢һ䣬۵ŹǣǴڲǰ۵ŹǣȻơ
ʣ»涡
˵ŹϣҵĲš
һֱΪۻš
»һֱöۿ뿪һ硣֪Ѿˣ
ӽ黰͸¶Ϣ۵ҪǰԪԽܿ顣ֻǣûͨ飬רſС
»ڰ˳䡣̾˿˵
»Ҳֹסˡ
ǰǷԽŹǴػ磿ֿʵ
Ȼԣһʬ壬ûʲôôǰжʵС֮ûһٵִˣҪʬ壬߾ǡܸɴ˵
лǰԹֵл
һ磬ϵĴڡ飬ȻǳԽεĴڡûŪԷʲô֮ǰԶ䱣ǫ
Ҫǰֻһ顣ֻһ£ǽǰԪ򡣡ڰ֣Сһֱӽ鼴ɡ
ǣԵ
飬ҪǰԪ򣬻Ҫܿ飿ʡ
»ȻûǰԪĴ㣬Ҫ뿪һġ뿪һ磬Զ޵½ܱ
ҪǰԪĻ飬Ҫܿ顣
ͨ飬ɽԪ򡣲ңͨ黹ܻһĺôôǻɵ۵ĴССһܶɵ۴в˽⣬ҿԸ㣬ڻԪɵ۵ĴҲһһԾ˵
ˡԵͷ
»뿪ɣԶ»˵
»Ŷ۵ŹǣĬĵͷ
Դ»뿪׾򣬻صռ֮صˮ񹬡
ǰ׾֮ǰ»Ϊ뿪ᵢܾãû뵽ʱˡ
»ǰԪ򣿡ʡ
ԵֻŶʣҲȥ»ҡͷ˵
ɣҲҪ̫ˣϣָܾҾˡԶһ˵
˵仰뿪
ˮ֮󣬾ڻԵһȦֵܷĻȫռ飬̺籾ԴԾãǵ˻ԪԴӦҲõϡһԴԲЯ
׼֮󣬾ٴλص׾ǼɵµرϷ
Сһôֻˣٴγ֡
飬ǰԪ򣡡ֱ˵
ܿ飬ûʲôóɵġ
һ壬ֻǷûͨ飬ʧ߷ѡı壬һֱڻ֮ڣﶼȥ
ػ磬ǰԪѰµĻԵ
Ŷ㿼ˣܿ飬кܴġǸжʵСӣ֮ܿǰҲԼģûͨ飬˽ռ䡣һž˵
飬ϣиĻܿǰԪ򡣲ڻ֮ܿǰҪΣ˵
ҿǺˡЦ˵
ˡռɣ֡
һ̣Աʧƽ̨ϣڽռ䣬Ǿ޴ĵ֮ǿ
һ룬ԱǸоһɿµѹ١ѹϵѹЩƣȽɢѹΪֲѹֱ塣
ϥ£ѹ
Եģ־ѹȻֲԾԵûвԣܿѹԴͷ
ƺϴӽ˵ص塣ռĿ飬ӦþǾɣڿƬ̺һЩüĿ
ۿʧܣӦûܳסռľ


2086 
壬̺ʣֻʵĶ١
һԣԽٵ壬˵ǱҲԽǿеĳƺƿߡƿߣڵһԶȽ١̫飬Ǻӵ̫ǿʵġ
ɺԣǳƺƿ߿ƺܴ壬Ҳ޷ռҪ
徻̣ǷǳΣյġۣûܳŹȥ˽ռ䡣
ԣȫҪˣֱڻԪҲǺҵ뾰Ա崿̶ȵ顣
ԣռԵĸоѹأȴûʲôв˵ǲʲôΣա
ռڵ̽Ե֮󣬺ܿɢȥˡԵ岻ҪЩȻͲһֱѹȾԡ
⡭ô죿һֱŽռڵľԡ
Խռڵı仯ɶϤģ֪ȥ󣬱¶ŵı顣ھԽռ֮ǰľԳܲס꾻̣ȴû뵽ʱ䣬̾ͽˣҾԷ·ûܵκʹࡣ
˼飡˼飡СһЩһ۾̾
Сһﵽʲôͷת̽Ե
ֹܿͣüͷ
̽ûܳɹΪתǱһ߹ơ߹򣬲̽ԡ
ûܲ̽ȴ𺳣Ϊ֪ķֻһܡǾǣѾһ߹Ϊһ塣
ôܣһСһȻܹں߹Ѿ磿
ѹ֡ѹôɣ
ǰԪ򣬻᲻ᡭҲܵϻԪ񣿳ΪƿߣΪ߹ĵߣɫ֮ǰһˡ
ǰһֱƺΪСһȴǲôĽˡ
ռ꾻ȥԻǾ޴֮ǰ
ռڣɫĵ绡Щ绡СߣΧھζɫ绡Ͻ뾰Ե塣Щ绡ӿ壬ԵԺг˴Ϣ
֮ԴԺϢ뵽֮ڡ
ЩϢɵ۵ĴУֽ֮Դһ֣ڻԪ
ԵõϢǹԴģйڻԪϢԭԶԻ֮ϢһͷˮͲ֪֮ⶼʲôڣԵ۽类ˡ
ԭҲкܶࡣ
һ磬ֻǺͨĻ磬һĻ硣
ɵۣȻܹһ硣һĴߣɵۡǻԪɵµģΪһṩġ
޵½ܣһȽϾԶĻ顣һЩϵĻڣǿܶࡣ
ƺƿ֮ϣǵһЩڣеģƿػģǵ˵һֻһĵΪһıԴ־ֻܱһںϡںϱԴ־ĵڵĻ硣ڣڣƲ𡣡
еĻ磬ҲֶεĿǿߣȫԽƺƿߵĴڡ޵½ܣĴڡ޵½ڵĻ磬ȻѾƿػԣ޵½ܴĻҪӶĻ磬ֻҪһ磬ɳɾͲ𡣡
Եõ˴ϢԻԪĹϵҲ˱Ƚ֪
磬Ҳǵͼ硣
ԪлԴͷ߲ε硣磬ǵһ硣ڻԪڵĴԻҲӡΪ磬ͬǻԪɲ֡
ڵĵڻԪҲǶ⼶顣
ԪǿĴڣɵۣҲɳƻԪɵۡĵλɵ֮¡˻Ԫ򣬵ǰΡڻԪ򣬶԰һȽϺĳƺ
Ԫ֮ڣﵽɡһεģֻлԪɵۡ𣬲ɣǰɼ𡣿ɼֻǰɣԼƿصĻ磬ڻҲǽ޵еġɵۣҲɱԼĻڵİɣҲǻƿػ
ۺ˵ҲǷǳǿʱҽаɵۡ
Ϣ뵽Եڣ֮󣬾Գĺһ
ѹ޵½ܣϧ۵ҲöһĿơ
ûãǴﵽĲΣҲĿǰûƿκλ硣ǸɱˡĿо΢΢


2087 
ڽռ䣬Բδ೤ʱ䡣
崿Ͼ뾻ɵ۴ϢȻ̺Դʱֻǽ뵽֮ڲգһͬûкķʲôʱ䡣
ԼĪҲͼʮʱ䣬Ա뿪˽ռ䣬صǰ
ϲԾԿڡ
УǰȻ֮ͬǰԾ̬⣬һһСһʱȴƾΪ
ȻǵΣɾʵʵһ硣һڣȷʵ޵СɵۣһڣѻܾԡȻɵۻܴ߽硣Ƕɵ۶ԣҪݻһ磬ҲѣҪ߰Ĵۡ
顣Թ֡
δ̵䣿ֵ
뾰Ѽ棬ȷʵûѯʹԵ֡
ҽоԡԵ֡
ԵѾͨռ俼飬ڼɽԪǰԪ֮ǰҪһЩҪעĵطԪҪǱȽѵġȻҲкܶ෽ֻܹҪ˵
סԵͷ
һ£Ǻһ磬绹ǧ꣬һڣӦǲֵǿߵġɾԵȴһ磬֪Ե㣬ܲ˵˵ԵɣԴˣȷʵܺ档
ȷʵǻԵɺϡЦЦ
޵½ֻ磬Ҫһ彲һ顣
Ҳꡣ׾򣬲ûע⵽һڷĴѡ
ڿ޵½Ǹ˼¡ԭԾԵʵͲƿһ磬޵½֣ܵûԪѡ˾ԡԪ֪ѡԣôͻᱻ޵½̵ԱȡᣬԻԪȫڸԡ
٣һ飬ܱ޵½Ҫõöࡣ
޵½֣ܵôҪںϻ籾Դ־ƿ߹ǲ֪Ҫȵʲôʱˡ
ԵȷʵǷһ飬鶼ĽԵ
ԵǷھǰԪ򣿡ʡ
ţ߰ɣԵͷ
һڣбڡһҪͣȥһЩ
ãҼ;ԵǰԪ򡣡黰£ԱǸоһɵϽ١
ϣ߹ӦһεġϰסԣԱоǰԱ仯оԼƺ׾Ϸʿռȥ
Ҳ֪˶ãԵ߻ָԼһƽԭ֮ϡ
ܵĿռڣܼķ֮ЩԼĻ編򣬲һ;ͬ飬Դͷͬġ
΢һЩʱ䣬Ӧķ֮Ĳٿʹá
ǻԪ˰ɣĿ⻷ܡ
򣬾ԾҲǸ߶Ƚ䱸
ԼĻ޵Уɳ˻磬Ǿһ顣ĻԪ֮ڻ֮⣬ûв
ڻ磬鶼ֻв顣ŵԴ֮ص򣬵¸㲻
𣡡
ھԲ̽һλ·ʱһݶűһ˻뾰ԶС
ҰޣѾһҰģԼƽ
ڼ棬и塣ڻУҲޣֻǻڵ޹âˡƵҰ޴ڣҲھԵԤ֮⡣
֮УѾ̽ԼͷҰʵ΢΢ɡҰ޵ʵδﵽﾳĲΣҲǵһҰޣȻҪת
ûгɣԱͷҰɱһ
εҰޣ͹Ƚһ㣬ȵﶼв硣Ұޱһŵ㣬Ǿܹٿط֮γ뾰ɱҰޣóʹһˮ򹥻
һյʱ䣬ͷҰɱʵԸ⣬ȫڶʱɱҰޣ֮һյʱ䣬ҲΪϤսʽոϤķ֮ĵһսͨͷҰ޶ϤһЩսʽ
ȴǲ֪ҰսʱңԶȴһܳϵˣעҰɱ̡
µһ飬ͷ˵߹ӣޱɱˣ
˵飬Ŀ࣬һϮɫΣз·ż֡
ޣǵʵܺɱһͷޣʵƺڣһжϣƺ


2088 ȡϢ
䣬򿪣¶һӢӡ
ȷʵһˣòᡣ
߳΢΢Ц⣬ǰǾλá
ߣȥһǵѡŻ΢Ц˵
ȥ
˽ӽ֮󣬾Ȼͷˡ
ԼĻ֮ڣԲֲܷ˿Լոսķ֮ǺҰɱʱ򣬾ԻûвԶעԼ
鿴ԼɱҰʬľԣ˽ӽĿȥɫࡣòСģ˵ֻһɱҲǼʧ
뱾壬ں̶ܴġʵǱľҲһͬǣڤڤ֮дڵĵԴ
ֵúܣӦòǵ˰ɣЦԴк
ϣûио⡣
ԷѯʣӦ˵أдţ¡
ô˵̬ǫһЩӦòǻ¡
ȻǵˡҾ˵ֵǴ˵ˣֵܵʵҿ϶˵ǡ˿˿ߵĺˣЦݸ
ֵγƺأžԼ
ֽоԡԻӦ
ԭǾֵܡҽӣӣҼӣ߾Сӣкǿûκμӡ
ʵԴӣ̸ֹѾӦǺݵλˡǺˣϵķζһȻͨΣһ
߹ӣԹ˹֡
ֵܣҸһ£¹ϸ磬ҵſ͡ӣָָߵĺ˵
¹ϸ硣Լ֡
ֵǣǲ̫Ϥ֪Ƿ뿪ǲż뿪ǲңϤϤǡǣӣҵĳСӣڣҲǻһӰӣЦ˵
û̴Ӧ
вɻѵ飬ÿͣһˣ˶Դ
²̫ܰɣ
ӣƺԵǣֵܿɱᣬǼֵɾɱһͷޣʵӣϲύʵǿ޵ߡ
߹ӣȷʵϲύ޵ߡϵܣ߹Ϥ󣬾֪߹ӵΪˡǽ¹ĵĺһԵ
ӣ¹⼸仰УԵǵõһЩõϢ
ԼɱҰޣǽޡӣ˵ǵޣҲ˵ڣҲʹõδһʵΡ
߻ߵȣƺǱΪ޵ߡ
һǣ޵ߣڣӦҲ洦ɼɱ޵޵ߣҲʵȽǿġ٣ӣҵˡȻӣ򣬿Ҳ㲻ʲô
ת˲䣬Ա˺ܶࡣ
յ̫Ķ˽⣬ӣԼûе⣬ǵܴӶԷ֪ϢԼʱҲ֪ȥʲôطӣһ
ˣͶл߹Ӻ¹ϸˡԹֵл
ֵˬ졣ߣǽǡû뵽ճǣֵ޵ߡӣԵ÷ǳˡ
ȥݻһֱ˺档
ǣûʲôصģһͨĳСڣ޵ߡӣԵƺк󣬱в޵ӣ
ӣžԽһ¥ҪһζʣȻơ
ʳ糣ʳҲФȻʳһЩЩʳȻ
ФȻ֪ǣһζʣҲǷǳġһ޵ߣ˵һӣһ˶Բ
ӣǺ̸ܽˣڽ֮ǰǺٵ¥ͼûͣԴʱţ졣û취İúܣ˵ֻ̫࣬ӣɡ¹Ҳ˵ֻ΢Цһš
һٷԵõ˲ٵϢԼڵһƬǱӣҾͳεġӣҵļҲƬһ
򣬵֮ϵľ磬Ҳﾳﾳ֮ϣƿߣһڤվʡӣᵽڤվʱбǸεĻȣóڤվǿһǶ
ӣĿڷоԲ²ӣĸҲӣҵļһڤվǿߡ
˿жϣһƿ߲ǿߣڣҲӦϴƿһƬΪ


2089 ſ
ԶӣӡҲһƬǺܸߵģϲԵΪ
ֵܣʱûرȥĵطΣǰҲ˵ˣϲύʵǿߡֵң⣬ҵſ͡ӣʱˣ˵
ӿʼ£ԡ˵ӾͷɱʱѾͷ
ͷٸУҲһİˡһٷĻѣɲ١
ʱ򣬾Ե΢΢ɳһ
һֱڲ²ӣĿģԵȻΪӣƽ޹ʵľͶԼô顣ڿӣȷʵԼΪЧ
ΪӣſͣǿԡԳȷʵҲûоĿĵءӣҰԾ˵ǲѡ
л߹ӿҡԵ
ֵˬ졣ţԺұȥǵطģԴû⡣ӣСˡʲôҪֻ˵ֻҪһ㡣ӣȻܸˡ
Ӿ¥뿪ӣžԻصԼĸۡӣԼĸۡ
ӣļӣԼۡǲԼĸ׾סͬһۡ
ӣĸܴۡ󣬻صۡӣ̱԰סңſͶټܸʶ
ӣ£ʮſͣʵǿλﵽﾳΡſͣԶǵЩſ֮УܳڣòϿһ
ЩſͣԾԴȽ飬ҲѯʾǴʲôطģԼȥ
ԶſӡģһźɫƺߣƺаôƺߵģҪϼڣҲӣſﾳ޵֮һ
ϣӣۡŮһԴ͵Եס
һھʯĶ
޵ʱȽϳõԴԴк֣ܶھʯǱȽϸ߼ģһﾳ޵ߣѰҲʹھʯʵ
һ죬ӣھʯһö֮ࡣѾ֪ھʯǱȽԴӣһһö˵ȷʵǷǳ󷽵ˣٶſͺܴ󷽡
Ů뿪󣬾Ա㳢ʹھʯ
ٶ죡ʹһöھʯ󣬾Ҳ΢΢ݡ
ھʯЧҪԼǳʯõöࡣΪ֮һγɵԴҲ粻ͬ磬ʹǳʯҲգΪ֮ķ֮ϡ
ЩԴӦúܴܿﵽﾳˣ԰
ľͻƣû谭ġϾԼڣǴﵽƺƿ߲εġ
Ԫķ֮Ȼ𣬵;ͬ顣ﵽΣ׾Ӧķ֮
Ҳ˵ڣֻҪ㹻Դ̤ƺƿֻ߲ʱѡ
򣬳ƺƿҲǱΪڤվӣĸӣãƿ߲εڤվԶûﵽƺƿǸ׶Ρ
ƺƿߵڤվǽӽġ򣬱Ϊ߰ɡ
ڻԪ򣬡ɡƺױȵѰ޵ߣͲɡ֡
ɣֻɵۡɵۣƶߣǸ߸ϵġɵۿκ飬ʵһ㡣
֮£Ƿɵۣɡ
ɵһ磬޵˱ʵ
һʹʮöھʯ
󣬾Լһ
һöھʯ꣬ҲͿԻָﾳˡͷ
һʮöھʯҲʮңԻָﾳΡ
ԼĻ羰ԲٶȾܼ
һȥһգȥ߹ӣ
ϵܣΣɻӦ𣿡ӣ̾ͼ˾ԣռ棬кԡ
ͦõġ˵
ӦͺãҾﲻˣһھʯֻ˵˸áӣˬʵ˵
˵ɣӣҲܶһöھʯǺܸУԴܶ࣬ھʯҲȡ֮ߵġ仰׵ĳɷֶࡣȻˣҲ󲻵ʹھʯٶȻô졣
£ﾳε޵ߣһöھʯҲ㹻ʹʮˡ
ھʯһЩ߹ӣҹ㣬ҪһŷԿӣ˵
޵ߣʹõĹֶΣһ㶼ΪڣûκηյЩطֶΣʩչ㣬ķõѡ


2090 ׾
ӣҪԲ޸ӣſݣӣҪԼΪЧȻóһĳ⡣
ӣû뵽ԻҪ
򣬷ƷҲࡣһε޵ߣӦղٷ뷨ܴеķȽϳеķϡСһķ޵߲ȥ̫࣬˵ķԽʵԽǿ̫෨Ʊػķྫòʧ
ȷʵһȽʺϾֵܡӣһת
ͳһɫ伮
ֵ㿴һΣ⣬ȥӣɫ伮ݸԡ
˳ֽӹϣ֪̽伮ϵķݡ
һֽ׾ķƺ㲻
ڵ伮ϣһ֣
ⷨܺãл߹ӡ̵л
ֵܺαҿ׾Ȼ󣬵ֵȫֵãӣ˰ֵ
ʵΪ۵ġ
׾ɲһ㷨һģǴ
ʲôǱӣûֲöĴڡϵڤվ޵ߡ
Ȿ׾Ҳõķˡ
׾̺Σֱָ߲ڤվġ
ķ伮ҲǿѧϰġһļʽҲǴԼԿ̡ͨһ伮޵ΣԿ̵ҲȫʧˣӦĵ伮ȻҲʧȥֵ
Եѧϰ׾һ֮׾伮ӣ
Ǹո׾ϢʶԼڵĶطԱȣջ׾Ųڻ綥طĹܡ
ʩչɡʩչʽȵȷ棬طҲȻͬ
߹ӣ׾ҪܶϣȱӦĲϡ΢ԥ˵
ҲЩ졣
˼ҪҪĲ϶ҪȷʵΪ鰡
Ҳû취Ըո򣬿˵Ǻ޸ЩûУҲ޷ʹôӻڴϴ档Ҫ׾Ǿֻͨӣˡ
ֵܷģԺұ˽ӦĲ͵סӣˬ˵
ٴεл֮󣬱뿪ˡ
ھ뿪󣬴ӃȼУ߳һӰһվŮӡ
Ƥ񣡡Ůü˵
˵ĴˣȻָԡ
ӣüû˵
߹ӣֵ㸶ôĴһЩھʯʲô׾һȴǺھʯġ׾̺һҲܱĴΣһξһΡ
׾󣬾Ȼ߹ҪҪĲϡŮ˵
ҲʶŮӡӣʱȽϳſ֪ͣŮӵݡ
ŮӣӣĻţֽ޲¡
Ļ˵ˣҲſͣǸ߼ſ͡ſͣӣȻ޲¡
žԹҪҪϵḶ́޲ȻĿˣٵӣھϸĴ̫󣬶ԲֵӣôĴۡ
£֪ҵԸҸоԺܲһ㣬ǵ޵ߣһɻɱһͷޡһ޵ߣӣҡҡͷ˵
Ҫۿնɱޣôӣǲھϸô۵ġ
ɱϾǵﾳ޵ߣҿ϶˵޲µ
ɣʱڣҪҲٸˡϣ⾰ԣһ̰ˡӣͳ˵
ǰŻصסͲϵ˺žˡ
þҲò̾߹ӣİЧ̫ˡͲϵˣϽԺ뿪ˡԣҲ鿴Щϡ
ֻеһ׾ϣü
Ѿ˽׾֪׾߸ΡԽԽҪĲҲԽಢԽһϣȻԼֵ͵ġ
߹ҲûеĴ󷽰ˣһɣҡҡͷֹ𣬵Ϳʼ׾
仰ӣӣǻѪ׾ֵ伮һҪĲϣǼֵҲޱȾ˵ġ
̷ǳ˳ֱ谭
Ҳ
ڻ磬ǳƺƿߣ򣬾ڤվ޵ߡң崿Ͼ£һ׾أǲǹ¡
ֻ˼ʱʱ䣬Աȫ˵һ׾ȻӣЩϣҲһա
յһ׾󣬾ԱһԼڵĶطԱӡ֤ջܶࡣԻķһЩ׾иĽԷ֣еܣ׾ܹϡ


2091 
֮ӣ߹ӣԵһöھʯһա֮Ҳӵ˳ָﾳΡ
ﾳ޵ߣӣأӦǱȽǿˡ
취ŪһЩԴС硢׾ҪܶԴĥš
ȥӣҪ
ûôƤӣۡʮʱ䣬ӣĶˡǵϼʮϰ꣬ǾԲҪӣҲٷԴ
ʱ̫ˡ
˵ӣԴٴҲſֹҪ
Դز١
ұ뾡ʵӵﾳ򵥣ﾳָƿ߾ѵöָ࣬ƺƿߣûеϵ谭ҲҪ˵ԴС
ʱûкð취
ֻȳһЩرˡ԰
ӻĶ࣬ҲһЩرͼҲƿʹõıӦҲܻԴ
ֻǣرϾǻĶڲԿ̵Ƶȵȣźܴ𡣾ҪرҪģǸıرƣܹʹá
£Ѳסԡ
ڻ籾кܸߵ֮󣬶ķ֮ҲԽԽϤ˵ķ֮׻ͬԴġҪı䣬ǸԵĸı䡣
ĻرһͣҲܹܵġ
ֻ˼ʱ䣬һرͷ档
ˣ
¾ҸҲʹãܲδ̫ࡣڤվ޵ߣӦҲбȽϴȤϣܻһЩԴ۾𣬴ǰĻɫر
յʱ󣬾¥¥¥
¥ˣһλǿ޵ߡ¥Ҳ鲼طǵ¥ֻһͨķֲ
Խ¥һŮǰ
ӭ¥ŮӣЦŶԾԴк
ʶң΢΢
Էһڵ֣ȷʵ⡣Ҳû졣ǣΪӣſͣҲʮҵʱ䡣ʱǵһ뿪ӣĸۡ
ҵһμˣ֪ӣ߹ӵſ͡ڴ֮ǰҼĻܹϳŮ΢Ц˵
ϴЦݣЦԵĹʽʵϿҲǺƵԡ
ӣ˵ǻһЩֻӣһſͣкһ£Ǹӣˡ
ԵȻоóԷӦ˼ںһ㡣¥۵£뻻ȡԼҪھʯԴ
ԭԵ˵ͷ
ҪһЩʲôԴпʲôҡŮӿž˵
¥Ĺߣ棬һλλߵ¥¥¥ָһ¥ֲͨһλ¥ǹһƬе¥ϰٵҲмʮֲ£¥ߣһֲ¥֮ȨǺܴġ
Ҳﾳε޵ߡ
鷳㿴Խϵĵȡ
µʱȻûʲô仯ó£֪Կ˳Ʒһ޵ߣóʲôöأԣû̫ģľͽȡУͬʱ߶鿴
ס£׾͸ȥֻǣߵɫȴ֮ˡΪ߶ڲռ֮󣬾ţ뺣ȻûлϢ
ô£
¥ˣҲ´߶һˣ͸ȥ
⡭⡭һ
мʶ޵ߣܹһ¥Ǿһﾳ޵ܱȵġıһЩڤվ޵߶ȡǣóı֮Ȼо𾪡
ûмı󲻵һ޵ߣܹóı
ûпеӦڤվεıһ͵ķ
㡭𣿡ٴοԣŬв
¥ֲڤվηƽʱǺѼġһֲڣҲмڤվķչҲ⼸һܾ˵ļ۸ܹڤվ޵ߣӣڣ˵ָ
ҽⷨó鿴Ҫ۴Ե˵ͷ˵


2092 ھʯ
ڤվεķ
򣬾ֻ
¥Ǽڤվ֮ԳʱûȥΪ̫ߣۣͱˡ
֪ǣʣ˸
̽ԡ
ԲȷһڤվֵôһȽϵ͵ļ۸񣬽
һ޵ߣп֪ܲڤվ۸ڤվֲ洦ɼ̫͵޵߸ͽӴ
ڤվͲҪˡֻʱòϣóһЩҪԴ¥Ըգҿõĵطкܶ˶ڤվķȤ˵
һ˵߾֪ԼƲ˾ԡ
ҪżһЩʱ䡣˵¥һ֣һδչڤվķԣҪʾһ¥ģⲻҪ̫ʱ䣬ܿͺá߶Ծ˵
Ե˵ͷ
¥ģ£õۣ۸ǱȽϹġȻˣԸ⻨ʱ;ȥһЩȽﾳ޵ڤվ޵ߣܽߵļ۸񣬵Եʱ;޼۵ġ
ߺܿʾϷء
¥׿˵ˣ¥һٶʮھʯ¡˵
һٶʮھʯ
ԳΪӣſͣӣһβһöھʯԡ
һﾳ޵ߵң붼ﲻʮھʯ
۸񣬻㹫֪͵˵һٶʮھʯ۸ˡ
ҡҡͷҿһǲ˷ʱˡ
˵գҪ뿪ӡ
ɫ΢΢Ǻ죬һЩ顣
ͻȻһҧ˵ҿǸɴˡôҲһܸɴļ۸¥߿óһٰʮھʯչٸߣûа취ˡ
һٰʮھʯȷʵҲӽߵļˡ¥ָʾǲھʯ⻹ΪԵĵǷǹǼֵҪһЩ
򣬴ûͬηֵߡȻ⹥⡣ʵڻҲһȻߡ޵ϲʹǿĹǿս޵߶ԣԼСɸҪ
ھʯȻһﹺ򳬹ھʯĲϡָ
̲ס˷ۡ
ҧҧ㹻ݣãͶھʯҪﹺھʯϡ
ɽ¶Цݡ
Դӻر࣬ԼĻ磬ƿ߲رҲǺܺġ
˵Ŀǰһڤվ¶עóڤվ֪ĺԿɲﾳΪȥڤվϵڤվ޵ߡ
ܲǾͲ
ھʯӦ㹻ʹһʱˡ
½¥λߣ¶ھʯ
¥ĲԴǳȫڹģ¥Ϻܷ㡣
ֱӽ׾ڶ㡢㻹еĲĲһͬʱһЩﾳ޵߳õĵҩЩ㻨˾Խӽһٶʮھʯ
׾ڶ㡢͵ĲĲϣͻ˽ӽһھʯЩϣȷʵ䰺󡣾Դʱףӣȷʵܴˡ׾һϣֵҪǧöھʯ
׾ֵɸߣ
صӣĸ֮ۡ󣬾ٴαչ
ڳԴ£ԵΪ׾һĽҲ졣

߹ӣǾԾȻһڤվˣʲôǴʲôطõڤվ޲ӣߣü˵
Ե¥һڤվ£ȻѾܶע⵽ǣһڤվС顣ӣˣҲͲڤվѡһӵڤվȷʵ
ӦһЩǷļӣ˵
¥Ƿھʯ˶ھʯ뿪ǡ߹ӣСһЩ˲ûпܱĿġ޲µ
Ǻǣ°ĿģӦøΪ͵Ǽֳ˵ģóڤվۣӦܣΪûжġӣЦһ˵
Ҳǣ޲µ˵ͷ
ֻǡһ޵ߣȴ˶Դ޲ֹ
ԵĸУȷʵĽʼɡ


2093 һ
֮
׾ڶ㣬ˣ˫ĿǷЦ⡣
һ޵ߣﾳ޵ߣ׾Ҫյһ¶ʱΪλ㡣ɾǰҲͼʱ䣬ǽ׾ڶ㶼ˡ
⻹Ϊ׾ʱȥԼطԵʣǱ˴˶ӡ֤ʱ䣬Ǿյڶ׾ʱ䶼Ҫ
󣬾׾һĵ㡣
˾ԳΪӣſ͵ĵھŸͷԱѾ׾ĲҲˡˣ¥׾ϣѾˡǰʮھʯʹ˴롣
׾ҪضĲϣҲҪھʯ
طҪϺǳʯơ
Ȼˣʱ䣬ҲָﾳڲΡָʵȻûƿɱϾھʯҲҪʱ䡣ĿǰֻﾳΣֲϵڤվͨڤվ޵߶ǣھʯٶȲһճǧ
µھʯҲ͹һָﾳڡĿɨһԼʣµھʯԼʮҵӡ
óڤվˡ
֮ǰһ¶һЩע⵽ˡóһܿ鷳ڤվΪǵνɱϾֻﾳڡҡҡͷ
ҪٳڤվҲˡҪǰط
߹룡
ʱ洫һ
˳ȥӣۡһŮߡ
֪ˣ͹ȥԶŮ˵һ䣬ֱӣסȥ
ھӣʱſͶѾˣʮˣڷ֮ڡ
Խ뷿󣬾ſͶԾЦŵ˵ͷ
ֵˡӣվк
ò˵ӣˣķǳһסǶԵſͣǳ
߹ӡԹ˹֡
ֵܣӣʾ⡣
ھºӣҲ˻ȥ
Ŀһɨˣ˵˵ˣҾ˵˵λԭ򡣡
ڼ֮ǰҵĸӣ˸ҴϢεļһҪʼˡӣ΢Ц˵
һػ
Ŀдɻ֪ӣ˵ļһʲôڳſͣûжԴȻ;һ˲֪ӣ˵ļһʲô
ֵܸãӣҵĴͳܲ˽⡣ǺǣҸͽӣҵļһᡣ
Ҹӣÿһʱ䣬Ὣöټĸۡһμһػ˵ˣǽЩֵܽýйȥһһ¸ʲôġףҲ˻ᣬһЩֵܽʱڵϵĽԼĳɾ͡ӣ˵
˶֪ӣҵļһػʲôӣĽͣȷʵרŶԾġ
ӣôһ˵ԾʹԼˡ
λȼһῪʼҪ鷳һͬǰڴǰ֪һϣλһ׼ӣ΢Ц˵
߹ӷģǻ׼ġ
ǣ߹ӵĸۡôãҲǳʱˡ
ſͣ½˵
ţˣҾлλˡûʲôˣλԻȥˡӣЦ˵
½վ뿪Ҳſͣ뿪ӣӵľ
ͮӣӾԶһſ͵
ͮһŮ޵ߣҲǵ۷ΪھԵĻ磬岽ӽﾳĲΡ
ͮתžԡ
Եѣ𣿡ͮ
ͮӣʮſ֮УԾ֮һſͣеı飬ʵϲô¡Դ˾֪ͮǱһ
߹˵ЩſͣҲҪμӼһᣬλѻ˵Ҫڼһϳ⾿ô£Ƶʵ
ӣȻ˵˼һôһ£ҪſͳԾͲôˡѵһỹʲôգҪſͳ֣
ŶʵӣҵĴͳˣ
ԵѣҸطͮžԣ΢Ц˵
ãǾȥ߹ӸۡĲ¥һΣˬͷ
˳ӣĸۡ¥Ҫһ衣ͮǶԾϸӣҵļһػôһ¡
Ҳ
ӣȻһ壬ʵ̫ıҳԱ֮У޵ձǺõġңԽǿ޵ߣԽԵáʵڻ磬ҲˡЩƿߣкܶһöûСΪˣڻ磬ҪɲǼƣǻȡ
ӣҵӣûģһоŸŮӣеߣ˶ϰ߳Ϊ߹ӡ


2094 ȷ黹
ӣԼأӣƱػԼ֮ѡһλΪµӣ
ӣǲѡһϲӰࡣ
ÿһʱ䣬Ὣöټһ𣬿һø㣬ӣЩãȻڸǰչԼÿһμһᶼ֣صĶԴ
ÿһߣſ͡ſ͵ͬǳҪ
ΪȻҪܶ޵ӣĶŮΪڣǲеġһ˾ֻһǽιأҪ˵ˣ
ӣעſͣⲻûԭġ
ԵѣĶŮ֮УĿǰӡӡС㻹ǵ߹ӣпܽӰġӣҲΪĸáģӰϣ󡣡ͮ˵
ŶҲĸȤ
ӣãͶӡӡС߹ӾסǡļλѾסˣǶУСȻһλС⣬С㻹ᣬδ뵽֮λͮһڲ衣
СӣСĺӣճãһٶꡣ
ˡ˵ڼһϣЩſҲҪ֤Լʵ԰ɣԵͷ˵
ԣ
ſǿҲΪСͮЦ
ЩſͣʵҲͦϲμӣҼһģΪǱֱȽϺãܵõӣʹһЩԴȵȡ
Եѣ˵֮ǰ¥һڤվ˵һ󣬻ͮת棬Ǽڤվ
ԣʱҲòڤվ㽫ۣһЩõŵԴԻӦ
ԵǺȻܵõڤվķǸεķֵھʯﾳ޵ߣûһڤվͮп˵
ȷʵãҲǻԵɺϲŵõԵ
һᣬ뿪¥صӣĸۡ
֮ӣٴνſټΪգӣҼһ㿪ʼˡ
һ뿪ӣۡǰӣĸۡλĸۡģҲǺܴҲͱӣĸۡһӡڲȴݻöࡣ
ۡڣҲһЩߵȳԱǺܶࡣ
ӣžԵˣۡڣһȽϿĹ㳡֮ϡǵִ֮ǰѾвڹ㳡ˡ
ˣһ
ڵˣһƤڵӣһŨܴӡ
Ǵӣͮ뾰ԺܿԾԽ˵
ӣĴӣһλ޵츳Ǻܳڣ£ֵֶҲë꣬ȻĴӣջǱʹˡ
һ˵ֻбЩãŻɵУȥЩسС
磬þòӣͿĴк
ûˡߣ˵һſͣſ˲ѽȻóڤվķۡӹЦ
ԴλӵĻ߹ӣϵƺá֮Уһ˿ζ˵ӣſͣȻָľԼԼóڤվ£һֱĴӶ֪ˡ
ǺǡӣЦһû˵ʲô
ߣѽһμһᣬҿɱ硣һ˵
һ˵ˣһɫ۵ӡòӢЩ𺣬ȥǱȽгǸˡ
λǶӣͮʱĶԾԽ˵֮ˡ
ǰͮ˵λӣ֮λߣĿǰҲס֮ڡ
ãӣӦ
ߣλſһλгʶʶΣ۾ЦֻЦЩᡣ
ֵܣҴ綼ʶ㣬Ǵкӣԡ
Ȼվֵӡӣ
ᣡ
ȷʵúܣ˵Ǻĵ޵ߣһɱޡӺͶӿžԣһһ͵ġ
оԣ
ϵܣڤվۣɻжģҲ򼸼ģ۸϶¥۷ļ۸͡Ӷžԡ
ӣ֪ǼԶھʯ۸۸¥ġ
˵Цˡ΢Ц
ҿɲ˵Цϣһڤվġôò㹻ھʯɫһⷭȷ黹졣
磬ͱΪѾֵˣڤվҲǻԵɺϲżȻõԼòϣó¥ȡһЩԼҪԴ߹ӣվ


2095 㲻
һ԰ü
û뵽ӣ⼸֮䣬ìܾѾﵽ̶ֳˡ
һԼ鷳ԵȻ߹ӣڤվķǻӶѡڤվķȻ󣬵ԶӵݵλŪһӦҲȫ顣
ߣ
Ҳ̫ļ˰ɣ⻹ûôأȲվˣĪ˵ֻѵ䣬Ǵɱô˵ߣһѣ۾ӣ˵
ǺǣƢԽԽˣǵõ߻û״˳ݵʱ򣬿ûչȥٹһʱ䣬㲻ὫЩֳˡӵࡣ
Ҳջúܡ
ӣȻһԵĿУŭɫ֡
硢磬Ǻαˣ
һŮ޵߹㳡һ˹˵Ů޵ǳɫȹҲŲ޵ߡ
㣡ӣˣɳһԶԶľʹк
ӣ˵ĳƺԾ֪ǳɫȹŮӣӣĵӣⱻΪС㣬Ҳ֮λǱġ
ߵܡСӣ˵ͷ
ԵѣС߹ӹϵһֱǰ߹ӵλܵ͵ʱСͶ߹Ӻչˡֵͮ˵
ʵûͮ˵ҲСӣ̬ǴӡӽȻͬ
ãЦһ
ǺǣߵĹϵãǶ֪һֱ߳н죿¸״ˣݡЦһ
ӣЩø˼ʱвٸۡ㳡Щߣ̧һһڷšֶ־ˮʵ
Ǽһᣬ̾ڳԳԺȺнеġ
ǰҲһҵʱ䣬ӣľãȫˡÿߣһЩſ͡мʮˣٵˡֻһٶľС㣬Ҳʵ׵޵ߡ
˵ǵſһЩ뿪ǵãſһЩӣʮſ֮ͣУҲе
Իһ㣬Щãӣߵ̬ȶһ㡣һЩˣĿоŲмͱģͺӣûʸᲢ۵ӡ
֮ǰӡӵۣҲһֲ²⣬ѯʻͮ
ţ߹ȷʵӡͮͷ
ҲһЩţΣҲֻ̫˵߹븮ۡһͨŮġ߹ӳɳУ˶ûйעֱ߹չֳһ츳˶΢עһЩ
У˵СһֱӦ߹ӣ߹Ӻܻܿڡֱͮѡ˵Щ
߹ӣݣȻ㲻ϣֻһŮĺӡ
Щãͬĸ˵ĸףλǱȽϸߵġֻӣĸףһͨۡŮ
ԵͷѹӣܵصӡԿ˿ӣжλ߹ӵӡָıһЩѹ֮£𽥳ɳλ߹ȷʵ򵥰ڣ֮λǱίʵѵáҲǴӼСһǿģӣļид
Բа룬ԼӦþܵİӣһѡ
ݵ
ʱһ
ȳֵģһȺͳһε޵ߣﾳΪ
Щ޵֮һͷɫӣն
ӳֺ߹ӵˣһͷ¡
ˣӣƬͳߣһλڤվǿߡھԵĻ磬ڤվҲƿ߲飬Լһˡ
ӽ֮Ŀ⻷ȫûκα¶񣬴žӸµѹ
ɣһ֣֮ϡ
ӣˣߵԼλ¡
ЩſͣԵĹӡСһÿһλ֮䣬μ
ӣ㣬Ϊӣ˵
ӣ㣬ӣСĺӣҲǾС㡣ӣҲǵΪȻһٶ꣬ճʱ򣬱ǽӽΪˡһ̤ĵ
ǣӣվŸӣ󣬱Ϸ
״ˣҾڵϽ졣վСЦ˵ʮǰҼõʱ򣬲Ÿո̤ΡĲǺǣЩֵܽУ츳Ӧǿ


2096 
֪ӣΪ۰СŮӣ㡣
ǴҲһЩС֪Լ޾ãø״˸ˡ
Ȼⷬӣϲ¶һ˿Ц⡣
״ˣӦҵУпڵϴﵽ׸߶ȵġ˵ʱһֱעӣ飬ʱ˵
ˣҪ˵Щű߼ʵĻˡӣڰ֡
ôӲҪȴº͡üЦտԹ˻ȥ
֪ԼⱲӣǺѼ̳и֮λˣȻ޷Ϊø׳ãҲԼܶࡣ
أӣҵļһᡣģӣõĶŮ֮⣬ſ͡ȻܲӣȻӣſͣҲǰӣˡٱҾһлΪӣҵĸӣöƱ˵
ȫ֮ˣžٱͬˡ
һ¶ǣپˮǺö
һЩҲûˡӣֵ
ӣܶࡣڣſ͡˶ſһ㶼ǳãſʹҲȽġ
ϯԼĪʱͷϷˡ
ٴվ
ģҲһʱûˡյļһĶ䣬ӿĹӵ
ĹվЦҡͷ˵磬۸ҡֲǲ֪µſͣûһܵеùǧܵѡ
Ĺ˵ǧܣǴµһſͣѾܾˡδӣŹʱǧܾǴӵſ͡
ǧܣҲһﾳ޵ߣʵǲס
ֻдѣ㵽ΪֹЦ
ðɣǾֵܣߵǧܵдд衣ĹӲĿŵһſ˵
ǣǽµſվߵ㳡롣
ǧܺ޵ߣܿ㼤ս
ҲʱĿ⿴սȦеˣ˽ʱ䲻ãԾͿɱ϶ǴſǧܻʤĹߵȻҲﾳ޵ߣǧܻһġ
ǧǴǿſͣĹǿſ͡ʵǧܸǿһ˶䣬ֻǼд裬ĹӹϵµſҲĶɸꡣͮ˵
ȷʵԵͷ
սеˣûʲôɱȻƯǱ湦
Ԥһǧսʤ¡
ӣдƺȽ⣬д󣬱˵ͷ
ǧֺܱܺãͣӣ
ºߣһطε޵߳УһĶ͵ǧǰ
лˣǧܽӹϲɫл
һǧöھʯͮϾͿ˵
ŶһξԵǺˡ
ֻһʲô֪ھʯ֪ͮģ
ͮתĿ˿ԣ΢Ц͵ԵѣһβμӼһᣬԲ˶ſ͵ʹͣйɵġһʹͣھʯھʯװֿռ䲼ڡɫĲһöھʯɫһǧöھʯкɫһöھʯֻǺɫʹͳ
ͮôһͣԾȻˡ
ЦЦ˵ѹǶԸμһᣬȥдд裬пܵõʹ͡
ʹٶһöھʯڵ޵߶ԣһöھʯ㹻ʹòˡ
ԵѣɲҪȥдɡеſɣеΣաЩ߹ӵſͣкܶ˻Եġһμһϣ¹ĵѾͱˡͮٴѹ
¹ģǵ֮⣬߹ߵſ͡ھ֮ǰ¹߹ӣﾳſ֮һ
ڶУɱпܵġҲϽſɱֻ֡Ҫʵ㹻ǿһʹ͡ʹʵʲôֻСͷһΣſʹ¹ĵѣ˵ӻȥΪֱʹſھʯͮתת
üѾԤеºܿҪˡ
ڴӵſĹſд֮󣬶ҲվĿ굹߹ӣС㣬ϣſͣСſд衣
СҲûоܾɳһſͣΪɳſҲǵ
ܿſͷֳʤӣٴʹͣһξҲʹ͵һɫҲʢһöھʯĲ
ߣ˵ǰһʱһǱſͣϲˣվ߹ӣЦ
л硣ӣæվ


2097 
֮䣬ӣıֿ˵ǽС΢ˡ
Ҳû취飬Ȳֵܽã׶ҲǺϲӣһֱڵģӣҲһὫȥ
ԣӣͲҷκι±ץסѱ
ߣҲøſͣддΣϴЩЦݡ
ѯӣ˵ʱѾһſɫǺſᣬֱӱߵ㳡Ķ
ǣӣӦ
ſͳսڼһ޷顣һòſͳսӣ
һᣬӣ۲Լʵһλᣬ㲻Լſͳսʲô˼
һϸ磬鷳ˣӣߵſһ˵
һŴƺﾳ޵ߡԼʱҲӡ
һ۾·û˯һ㣬ӣ˹֣λƵ˶
һ̬Ȼ̫ÿڳˣЩС㣬ûκСһҶ֪һ¹ˣӣߵﾳ޵ߡ
Ȼǲ̫ˬҲòϣӣſϣȷʵΪɫҪ֪ڸ״˵ĶŮ֮УӣΪ͵ģܹõԴҲٵġܹǱȽٵԴﾳ޵ߣֶηǳˡ
һӵſ͹˹ֺҲû˵ʲô滰ֱӾͿﾳε޵ɱƺܾˡһսɲ֮ǰǼս֮ǰ䣬ɣһſͶսȴɱġ
˳֣ǽ߾ȫ
Ȼյġ۾΢пųɱˡ
һſʵ࣬һ䣬ʱҲȽϳ˽ӽʱ˲ŷֳʤĽһʤӵſ͡ӵſһЩˣһҲľ޴
һֲͣӣֵ
лˣһ˻壬ӣл
һõʹͣһɫĿռ䲼
һϸ磬ˣһ֮ӣӱЦ˵
߹ӿˣһſͣӦȫһӣ
һϸ磬ɫڣһǧöھʯҲո֣һЦʵ
һֱӴ򿪺ɫһööھʯڳھʯһǧö
ɫڵھʯһǧöٺ٣ܵõһɫǿɷˡһЦеĽھʯ
ɫڣھʯһöͨﾳ޵߶ԣһöھʯҲǱȽϴˡ
ߣϲϲſͣһսͻʤˡǺǣµƽֵܣҲЩ磬һſͣƽֵдд裿ʱվӣ˵
ಣߣһӰֱԾڹ㳡붷̨ϡ
ƽ׶ߵӣЩݡ
߹ӣȫƽվڶ̨ϣӣһ֣Ӳ
̬֮У޶ٹڣһЩϷʵζ
ƽУӣɫ΢΢һ䣬ӣӣͮ߹ӵſͣ鶼б仯գһӱЩѹ֡
һӣҵļһϣ¹ĵˣǶſƽ
ƽʵǿѾﾳڲΣǶߵһ֡߹ߣƽ֡
ĹС㣬඼һֵı顣
ӣɫЩһվ
һſ͸ովһ䣬磬ܲܵһ᣿ӣԶӹ
ʵһû֮ǰһս㴦ȫʤʱڣҲһ򲻹ƽ
ߣ⻰Ͳˡߣֲֻһһſ͡ߣʮءֲһҪһϳһЦ˵
ӣӣڡ
״ˣӣæ
⼸ʮ꣬ڵϣнӣޱʵ
ӣϼҪˮ״ѯѹ
״ˣʮ꣬ϲԽӣȻѡ
ʵҲ
ӣѾﾳε޵ߣʵǱȽǿˡһε޵˵ʮ꣬ǵָһ˲ѡڼʮԽǼֱ췽ҹ̷
ü˿ӣȻӣܲһ㣬ɼȻѯӣ޵޽ǹˡ
ӣӣȷʵ̾
츳㲻ɲиСӣûΪӣ˵Լûͷŭֻ࣬˵ſƽҪſд裬㲻á


2098 ŭ
ǣӣͷ
Ե˶ע⵽߹ӣɫ΢Щס
߹ӣȥɣ¹վ
ӣſֻͣ¹ĻһﾳһѾսһһǲһϳս
ˡ
ǵε޵ߣȥѵֱ䣿ֱ䣬ǻᱻƽֱɱ¹ĺȷƽΪǵξ顣
ӣҧҧ
Сģӣֻ¹ĳսûѡ
߹ӣҪȥԣԳ˵
¹ȥ϶򲻹ƽϴӣҵļһϣ¹ľͱƽˡ¹ȥ˵ģҲǱŰŪãٴ֮ǡ
Ҫսӣ΢΢һ㶣¶ѿЦݡ
ֵܣסֻǡƽﾳ޵ߣǿſ͡ӣҡͷ˵
ԵѣɱˡЩƽֻһɱͮžԵ
Ӿԡ
ﾳĲ࣬˭֪ԾǶ޵ߣͨﾳ޵мһᣬƽﾳڵ޵߰

ϵܣڣôҲֲȥ¹ˬʵЦһľԵļ
ʵ˵ԼҲﾳ
ոտڣ¹ıѾԾ˶̨֮ϡ
°ܽ𣿡ƽվԼ¹ģЦһ˵
ϻ˵򲻴򣿡¹ֳ˫ɫ̹ɴĵ
ƽ͵ĵ¹ɱ񱩵
Ϸӣ۾Žսеˡ
ףǣΪҪ߸磿С㿴ӣĿ΢
СȻͼᣬǳ졣ʵСԼֳΪ߸Ҳ˽⡣ܴϻۣ֪ʣӣķСֱӾ˵̫ר߸磬ǿ϶вá
ӣЦ˵ֻĥ¶ѣҪһأû㹻ĥǲеġҪôҪôɳ棬ʲôĽҪԼˡ
߸С㿴˿߹ӣзŵ
̨ϣսǳҡ¹Ľ߾ȫǿսչֳΣվƽĶ֡ﾳڣƽﾳڡңеܣҲƽܲ˲١
~~¹ıնɳȥ¼ѪϢɫǺЩˡ
ڵϣ׺ݵƽ
ʵҲ̨ƽս
ȥɣ¹˺ƽûֵͣ˼˵ʱٴ¹չ͵Ĺ
¹ҲӲûпԷ䣬ǿڸҵҪս
ٲ֣ͣ¹ϸվü
ھվ˵仰ʱ߹ӣҲͬʱվ
ס֣ӣһȡ
ǶſƽӣתĿ˹ӣЦЦû֣ͣٶȸ¹Ĺ
飡¹ĵ壬ɳԶˤڶ̨֮⡣
Ѫ޷Ƶӿ
ƶ¹ߣһŵҩ¹ĿУͬʱתȿס¹ĵơ
¹ĵƺء
ڣ뾰ԵĻ࣬޵޵ĶǷ֮ձ鲻ǿﾳε޵ߣһ㶼ûеǿ
УҲһЩȺǿר
¹ƿƺ󣬾Խ˻
ĶƽԼĮ˵һ䣬ƺԼûֱնɱ¹Щ⡣
ɶ񣡡߹ӣȭͷ
߹ҲˣȻҲŭڶĶǰΨΨŵŵҲˣһſͣȻ˲סֺƽȻһֵ˼ûС
ƽô£¹Ķˣ㻹ӿƽ
ѵ⣬вκ𱸵˼
˭
Ҫƽ֣žͿԳֹ߹Ӷܳͼֹƽֹܳƽ᲻أ
ӣɲҡ¹ģû䰡ƽЦǺǵ˵
ߣ´ע⣡ӵ
쵰Եһ䣬ͷŭҲԽԽʢ
֮ǰӣЩ߹ſǹѾþԺǲˬˡڣԵŭҲԭû̫뷨ǴʱԾԼбҪվһЩʲôˡ
ƽܲΪӦþﾳ۷嶼Զˡͣͣӣ˵
ƽõĲȻǺɫɫڣһöھʯ


2099 
֮ǰһſͣӣֻʹһһǧöھʯ
ڶſƽ¹ģӣʹƽһöھʯ
սʵǳңϳ޵ߣԳȫ
̬ϵĲࡣ
ӷ涼ܿӣλ߹ӣôϲ
߹ӣ¹ϸƺأȻʱҿסҪˡǺѻָ۷Ϊƶ֮ǡԶ߹ӣ˵
߹ſͣһЩŭɫϸ֡ǶԴˣ޿κΡ߹ſ;һ¹ʵǿУҪ˵µĵ޵ߡ
״ˣ¹ϸƺأȻȥˡӣӣ˵
ߣɾû˼ˡ
ǣһŽһ㣬ǰ˳
׻ûи״ˣ
ӣδ߹ӵļֳվУԶӺΪҡ
Ӻӣϣ̳֮λġ˼߹ӣʵҪĿģ뽫߹Ӽǣһ֡
Կ߹ӣ壬
߹뿪Щ˶
ʱ򣬾߳
ȫˣܿע⵽˾ԵĶǣĿþ϶̨
СҪʲô
վ̨ˣѵ˶䣿
ʮǰųΪſ͵ģһ޵ߡ
֮ǰ˵һ£һſóڤվ¥ۣ
ӣãе죬е۾еЦеĿгⲻмͱġÿ˵ı飬ͬ
ͷ·ڿСһ㿴žԣžһ϶̨
ϷӣĿҲžԡӣûκα仯û֪ʱһЩʲô
Եѣ㡭ڸʲô
ͮӣſͣ΢һ£ŷӦ
ͮһ
ˣ⾰ԣֱǷˣǶ̨ȥ϶̨͵öԡȥ򵥣ɾͲôˡ
ֵܣӣ
ǱȽϿþǱģҲὫΪ׾ӣã̤ﾳģʮ꣬Ҳꡣӣȵµ¹ģո׷ʱҲǵѣﾳ¹Ķͼҳϡ
þɾԲδ뿪̨
һӣ޲˫ü
޲ӣĻţֻӣҵļһϣҲȥıʲôڹȥĺܳʱ޲ȷʵҲӣ˲⣬ӣһֱܹ֮ڡ
е˼ſУû뵽һƢЦ
ţƢȷʵСһ޵ߣƢʲôãƢѵﾳ޵𣿡ӹһЦ
С;С㣬Ҳ۾žԡ
С㣬˾߹ǽоԵſ͡Сһˣ˵
ˣȫں֮Уն¶
Ҫ˵ȫΪصˣСˡ
ڳˣҲϰ˵Ĺ졣ˣ޵ߣеķ棬ֱָꡣҲﾳ޵ߣﾳ޵ߣΪոΪ¡ﾳ޵߻ɱÿһÿһʽǿһĿȻ˵ĹֶΣȴĪ⡣
ںܾǰһӣҼһϣһﾳſͣҪСſд衣СɳĵһſͣſͻܡſͣԲѷ֮жС㶼Щ𾴡ʱ򣬺ǳſͽ֡
ĽǣֱӾɱſ͡
ӴԺ󣬱κ˸ȥСˡڶӡǣС㶼ܼɵΪ˵ĴڡСһŮˣסӡЩˡ
С㣬˺ΣաͻȻ΢΢һѹ͵һ˿Ȼ
˵˭СתĿˣɻʵ
оԵ޵ߣܸоΣաص˵
ˡǣ˶˵
ķֶΣҲ̽һ¾Եϸһ̽飬궼Ǹоֲвͷ·̽һڤվǿ޵һ㡣
⡭ǵ޵𣿡СҲ졣
ҡҡͷ
̨ϵľԣվ󣬻ȫ
Ǻǣǲ߹ſдҾԣ˭Ҫд裬ˡԳͳȴ͸һɳǺ⡣


2100 ɱһ
Ƶգѹȫ
վڶ̨ϵľԣϰչĿ⣬Ӵӵɨӵ˿ԵĿ󣬾ǲһļ¸о
͵վΪŭԵŤ
һſͣȻЩ֮ӡοҰµССſ͡
ӵҲӦŭݣɭžԡ
ԣ
ӣ䣬ҳսΣһС޵Դӹ˵
С޵ߣΪֻеΣڴҲмˡУһֱûܽﾳʵڵ֮ҲǶεġͨﾳ޵ߣԱ
Ҳ˵˾ԣ֪ǵΡ֪Ѿﾳô϶ϳġΪǰõϢУ˵ǵԴʱսҲûúñһ¡
ӣҵļһϣſֻͣǱȽٵġϾÿһС߶ﾳε޵ڡſд裬Ҳﾳ޵߳սſҲгսֻ˵١
ңүߵſͣﾳٶ࣬е޵ߵд裬Ҳÿ˶ϳĻᡣ
Сӣǳ׼˻ᣬδüʱսȻˣԼʵҲ㹻š
ţȥɣȥ󣬸ɱ˴ӡӶСӵͷ
ಣСһЦӰԾ䵽˶̨ϣھԵĶ档
Ҫ뾰ԵѶսͮŶ̨
ڴߺܾúܾãȻûнﾳʵСڵУʵ޵СӣأҲҵ֡һʱָҲŶ̨ҡҡͷ˵
Ը߹ʱ䲻ս׶ǿǶ֪ϣбס϶ɱԵġһ߹ſ͵
߹ӣɫࡣ
þԿԲδġڴµѾ˶̨Ծ͸Ӳ뿪̨ˡӣУҲĬĬϣܹס
ӣԾԵʵһĵġҰ⣬Իɱ޹̡ʱԲδʹ÷ƺҲûʹ÷Ҳ˵ԵսΪĻҪǿһЩ
ӣڣֻϣܱסûԻһﾳ޵ߣɱѶȡ
ˡСߵĶ˵
ôСȻžԻжôµʵ
ѵﾳ𣿡Сžԡ
С㣬˵ľû̽óǣ˾ԼΣգңޱҪҲսε޵ߣܴлĿԣһɶ˵
ʵ˵һ֣Ǿ飬޻ϣ
СԺȻ
̨ϣŶĴſž
СӣݺݵıһǲǺʹ⣿
֮󣬱ҪΪ˸ˡݵ촫
ӥצУ񱩵ǵ
㲻УһǿҡҡͷĮ˵
仰ڳÿ˶

Сӿ
ǲ֪ߵغĶڵ޵пƶ⣬СӾȻߣҵҪôЦһ
ɱһ
Ŵӵ֮Ӱ͵Ķ֮žԼٳȥһűѵŷڿռֻۡһŰɫĹâϯžֹȥ
ȵ¶ȣռŤ
ѻͣ˵
ѻͣһּΪǿķֱָﾳޡܣܽӽһЩڤվηˡȻҪӳǿ޵ҲкܶҪԵΪҪѻ޵£ǲ̫ܡ
ѻһ֪ˣ뽫ޣǲ˺ܶࡣ
ֲܲžԵͷŨɱ⣬ûκεΡ
һֱ۳ſһߣϷ
ǿҵɱ⣬ǾͲܹĺˡ
׾аͺһ
һߣȻŴɢУһС̫һ㷢ҫĿĹ⻪
ͣѻ׾ֱ߽ɢ
һҽдӹ⻪дȻֹ
⻪ɢȥ̨ϣֻʣһӰ


2101 һ
ڶ̨ϻڵӰȻǾԡ
뾰ԽֵǲӰ١⻪ɢȥȵȻڿи
ӵĿеɭȻɱ⣬˴ŷ˼޷⡣
أأ
ھԵ׾ѻͷײʱ򣬶̨Ƭռ䣬ҫĿ⻪ڸǣ޷ľ׾ʩչֱ߸С̫һ㡣
׾ǿ綥طͬһεķȻδȫգֻĲ㡣ڳЩﾳε޵ߣи׾
أʶһ䡣
ӣڣĵ޵ߣʵﾳ޵߿⡣
׾
Ȼ׾ңӳ˿ֲܣ
ﾳΪɣⲻܽǵﾳﾳлﾳϢ

ӣЩãһԲ۾ߵſͣҲȫھԵϡЩˣȻԷŶ̨ϵľ󿴵òǺֲɵӣʱȻ֪ѾԸɱˡ
һкɱ
⡭⡭
߹ӣѧϰ׾ǿʮɣ޲ǰ
˿֪ܲ£ȴ֪ʱ߹Ҫʱ߹ӱ㽫׾һΡ
ڣȷʵӽʮʱ䡣
ȷʵ׾ֵҲ̫˰ɣ߹΢΢
˭óʩչ׾Բǵһ㡣ǿȣҲǵǵĲ㡣
ʮʱ䣬׾Ĳ㣿
߹ӣóڤվۣǹ׾Ĳˡ޲Ȼ
УѾǵﾳ߹ӣ㵱ʱֻǵ𣿡޲ʡ
϶ǵҲܿʱɱҶĿáҺ¹ϸ磬ôҲﾳ޵ߡ߹ӣƶ˵
ǵ޵кǿģɱϾֻǵ׾ľԵѽ֣һһھƣЦ˵
֮ǰ֪ԵѣѾ̤ﾳһ˵һ䡣
ǰղǻءﾳûκˡͮҲЦ
߹µſͣ鶼˺ܶࡣ
߹ǼλӣɾûôˡǴӣſͣܳʱ䣬Ȼһֱṳ̂ﾳҲߺ֣ܵǳҳϡȴ벻ڼһϣһиɱˣʬ޴档
Сӣѹ֮ٴζԾԽ
ӣҪżһſͣӦòֻе޵߰ɣɣɳﾳ޵ߡǣǺϲ߹ſд𣿡Կӣ˵
ɱ󣬾ȫû뿪̨Ĵ㡣
ɶ񣡿ɶ񣡡Ҫˡ
Сӣ
ಣ
һӴߣٴηɳһӰﾳ޵ߡ
֮ǰų˵ԼǵΪʵϣȴﾳ޵ߡСӣ湻ģﾳſָͣžԺ
ˣǰѾϹһζ̨ǸĹſд貢һµǧܡ
ˣﾳڵΪ
ƾЩ˵治ֵˣŪֶΡƲƲ죬΢ԴŶǧܡ
СӣǧУּУϣ㲻Ҫ̫졣ǧϢһת
һɫ⻪ǰۣžȥ
ﾳ޵ߵֶΣȻǵ޵ܱȣοǧܻһﾳڲε޵ߡ
ǧܣҲǴĺ̡ȻԾﾳΪҲԾת󣬱϶ԸոͻƵﾳܹ֮һɱȫƾ׾ǿᡣԼﾳڲε޵ߣ׾һɾûôǿɱˡ
ӣɫҲ뷽һЩ仯Ŷ̨ϵľԺǧܣĿжЩ
ǧܳˣ
ǿϢһγ֣ɱȷ½ʱչֳ¶ˡǰµд裬ӡʱȫԸˡ
ǰԣ϶ǧܵĶ֣ᱻǧɱ³һ
ԼЩſͣ
Եͺһ
ǧϣҲܵŨɱ⡣ȻˣҲɱԼôͲˡ
׾Ȼʩչ׾


2102 Ҳ
һΣʩչ׾ܱǰǿң¶ȸȡ
һˣԶ̨ɢ
·ȼա
ǧʩչۺɫ⻪׾֮˲Ϣ㱻
̨ϵǧܣһļµĲҽС
ڹʧ߸С̫һĹȦɢ
̨ϣֻʣ¾һˡǧһʧȥӰ١

ӣȻվĿۣžԡ
žԻɱʱӣʱδעھԵϣо׾ܺ󣬲żо񣬿ʱѾɱ׾Ѹɢһξǧֵܽʱӣӿʼʱͷǳרע
̡
ӦǵĲ׾
⾰Եľ磬Ӧﾳڣδ̤ﾳڡ
ֻǡӣҲ籩
ﾳڣǧͬﾳΪȻ˵׾һܸߣյĲܺǾˣǧܵķҲ
ǧķۼȻȲ׾ǧܶԷУѾǳˡܣǧյķΣӦĲ׾ģܻҪ΢ʤһ
򣬶ھ޵˵ǷԽ߾ԽáҪҵʺԼġЩ𼫸ߵķȻ󣬵ҲǸѡҪĲϣͲѰ޵ܹġ
ңԲ㣬Ǿ㹻ĲϣҲա
ǧ֣ܽɱ㽫ɱһʱ䣬ӣλڤվǿߣЩŪ̫ס
ӣ͸˵ڳˡ
ӵãһĴסˡ
ɱȻԾϾǵ޵ߡչֳﾳεΪɱҲ˵ȥġ
ڶϳ뾰Խֵﾳ޵ǧܣǧܵ³ȻһɱҪ˵ҽжûüǧܷһҽС
߹ӣŶ̨ϵľԣеʱĸӡ
ʱ֮һμԣֻΪԻɱ˵ޣֺᣬΪкܴǱԼߣܹﵽﾳΪԼ֡û뵽ʮʱȥԲ̤ﾳȻɱﾳڵǧܡ
޷ƽ
ӣǲҪӴˣ
ſ͵ʵ̶ܴϿЩõľӣ״˶ЩŮſ͵Ŀءӣˣ¾кܶſͣЩſͷǳãһ̶ȶԶŮá
ӣܹһɲ֪ǿڤվʵµſͣҲ˺ܴæ
ǧѾһɱ
˭ҪҶ䣿ɨǼλӣ˵
⼸ˣ۸߹ӵʱǿһ㶼û顣
Ϊ˽ʡʱ䣬֮УֻҪ߹ſдģһȫšһ˵
ЩſͣһɫǺ죬ŭ
ǣ뵽ǧܱɱ֮ŭ⣬ǲòϢġٷŭҲù˼Լſ֮УʵǧܵģûмҪǣǧǱɱģҲ˵Եʵǧǿöࡣ
һʱ䣬û˸϶̨
ԵƬ̣Ȼûٴ˵ôûе𣿸ղţǲú𣿡
ӡӣµſͣǶôڶͷڹˣԿŶӺӡ
ԼɱˣǴſ͡Ӻӣʵûʧ
ԣ㲻Ҫ̫һŭȡ

Ǻǣղ߹׼¹ϸȥ˵ʱô˵ģУſͣս߹ӵſͣôΪԼ̫Ц˵
ɶ񣡡
ɫˮ˿ߵļſͣǳϣԼһſͣȥɱԡԼſ͵ʵҲ˽⣬Ծչֳʵµſ͸ûһǾԵĶ֡
ӣɱɣµƽվ˵
ﾳǿߡ
¹ľǱɱ
ƽֵܣа𣿡ӵʵ
Сõķĳ׾ҵķǿ׾ġֻҪܵס׾ﾳڵΪӦǿԽɱġС̫ˣûѹˣҲʲô˼뽫ӣϳǣ¾ˡƽӦ˵
УԿɱã²Ϊ֮Сһ㣬Ҫӵͷˡ


2103 ܿ
ӡЩż̳صã߰
߹ӣǶǸӡУӣĵλǱǵſͶҪͺܶࡣΪͬһûа취ôܻӣͬϯ
ԣʱ˴ǶԾԵɱ⣬ѾǿҵˡֻΪſﾳھǧܶɱǶԾԵʵ˼ɵ
ƽҪ϶̨ӳƬҲʹӦˡ
ﾳ޵ƽߵ˶̨֮ϣվھԶ档
ƽӡ
ôһһеҽ𣿡Գ
ѾߵˣԾͿ񵽵ףЩС㣬Ժ󶼲С߹ӡ
Сӣ㲻Ҫ̫ˣ
һԼô֪
һк
λӣ޵žԡ
ԣʵЩ⡣û뵽߹ǿߡƽžԣ˵
ûκӾԵ˼ȻǴӾɱǧ֮󡣾Ȼֻﾳڣһﾳ޵ܹ⡣ԼķպÿƾԵ׾ƽҲ뾰Աԡ
ɨƽ˵ֻһԸˣ

ʱľԣﶯǳİӣҵļһϣȷʵþԶŭ
ǺǣҵҪôҪƽЦһ
ৣ
һɫ޳֡
ƽķһﾳηͬ𷨱УǸƷˡ
ڤվÿһﾳ޵߶õˡãȻڤվķѰﾳ޵ߣڤվķóǼڤվǳ۸¥ͻöھʯǹķҪھʯ
Ѱﾳ޵ߣóھʯȥһ
ƽʵƽкɫ޻һ£һ̶֮
ӰɫϢʱڳ˶ܵ
ƽ¹Ľֵʱ򣬶ûʹ
׾ֱӳ֡
׾ʩչǿ񱩵ȸб֮
֮ھԳֺƽҲ˿дһͺȣʩչԼǿķ
һб֮
ʩչϢ֮俪
֮׾ȫԵķƽ˵ԼķƾԵ׾һȷʵû׾ǻԵķ֮ˮԡ
һ޵߶սôˮԷ޵ߣ϶ҪջԷ޵ռݸơ
ңƽķǷޣҲϵġ뷨ศɣƽսһ
̨ϣԽȻͬķײ
ˣ嫵ܣ⿪ȫе޵߶
һȵˣһǳǵĺ
һǻһǱ
С㣬ĿҲŶ̨в²⣬ƽ뾰ԣ˭ܹܶԷʤ
ԵľҪƽͣҲƽķơңԻûз˫ֱʩչ׾
ǿ棬ôжϾԱذɡԵȻֻļ㡣ֻ棬ôͲɱſﾳ޵ǧܡ
һ֮󣬶̨˵ķֳʤ
վԭأƽȴˣֱ˵̨ıԵס塣
ǰ˺öˣǰ뾰Խֵ޵߶Ǳ׾ɱȻˣȻֻЩҲЩ飬ϵĳвճ˺ɫĳۣҲǷʱ۱·Ȼܵһˡ
ôܣƽ𾪵Ŀ⿴žԡ
ԼΪλᴦ·硣
κһ濴ѾռϷˡȴеôһ¡
ԣԷʹãѾﵽǷ켫ĵزڹ֮мûġǿ£Ǵðģңܶٿصϸ΢ĵزӣת
ǳУߵˡ˿ܿԶٿصϸ΢ӣһ㡣ǽһƣɱǰǧܣѹƽ
ʵȷʵԡЦһ
Ҳˣ۾΢΢з
ֱۣٴ̧
ƽվڶ̨ıԵλãпǲҪһսһײȫʧȥܾԵˣҪ˵ɱԡʱ䣬ǲ̫ˣԼҲӵ
΢ԥԵĵڶι߸ȹȦѾٶˡ


2104 ʲô
ƴˣ
ƽһҧ߶
г޼ٻ裬֮﷨ʩչޡ
䣬Ҳֻһо䣬üһᡣ
ƽ롣
һк䣬ȷʵ̫ˣԺûˣӣҵļһϣӣǰ
ƽܿͺˣԼûڡ
Ϊʩչ֮﷨Ҫٴεס׾ʱȻ֣һٵ׾֮ǰ׾˲ͬ׾ǵĲ׾ܣȴֱ̥һ㣬Ƿһܱȵġ
ƽҵ˻
ûһʹ˹е
ԼĻ磬յļֶط֮ڣԷӳǿʩչܹҲһɵӡû취绹һģ޷ı״
׾󣬾Ծͷֹ׾ܹں̶ܴϡԣȷʵǿеġ
Ϊιܹ̫Ӱ죬Ҳв²⡣룬ǻԪ츳طУɵ¡Ҳ˵һطӦԴɵۡԵЩ֮ȵطǻڵطЩ롣
УǳԽ綥ططڻ磬յʮΡھŲĹУ綥ط൱
ʱʩչ׾̺е
һֱӾƽˡƽı֮ط̺ܵ׾ǰͲһεĶ̼䣬±ѩһڻ
ϡƽ壬Ǳʶĺ䡣
ֻǣǸָѾ׾˲Ϣ͸µˣĺȻճɻҽ
ʵϣƽ֣Ҳ֪ƽҪ䡣ԣδջԼ
ƽ
ǰڶ̨¹Ķʱ¹ѾսǼҪɱ¹ġھԲۻ
̨ϣһƬҽƮɢ
ǿ֮£ƽķ޶ݻ٣ֻʣһЩΪ͵Ĳɢڶ̨ϡ
ƽˡ
㳡һļžȫסˡ
ӡǣһһĿɿڴȫɪɪ
̫ˡ
ԵʵѾܹģǵ֪ǣûмôǿﾳ޵ߣһһﾳڡ
û֪ﾳ۷޵ߣûоôǿģ˵ûЩﾳ۷޵ߣҲɵľɱƽƽʵӽﾳ۷ˡӣ˵ƽﾳ۷岻Զˡ
һ޵ߣȴһɱУҲɱûʲôֱ
£̫ˣ
һʱҾ;ô˲ǣһּΣյĸоû뵽Ȼǵ͹ʵˣֱܹڤվĴڿˡС㣬Ҹоԣӣ֣δܹɱСߵĶ˵
λߡ
С˵ͷһڤվĴڣҲ˰ɣֻǣһǲף׾Ϊλ˵Ŀ¡
С㣬Ѿ׾ˡȻֳĻ׾еĹ׾ֻһСֶѡһˡҲ֪ʹʲô߽ϵ׾ǾǷǳµķ˵
ⶭȷʵмʶ
׾£Ҳ綥طࡣǹУȴǳԽǸطġңԵĹжˡĲ׾ܣ뾰յĹȣ
㡭㡭
ԣƽղŶˣΪλɱӲʵ
Ծɱƽŭǿ־塣ĿˡǰǽС֮ĳƺڽ˾Ե֡ң仰Ҳʣѯʡ
ʵһС
ǿʵ˭ӡ
ĿһתŶӣЦ˵ҿû˵䣬ֻ˵ϡ֡û˵䣬ȻҪ֡ǰ¹ϸ磬Ҳ𣿡
˵ˣ
˵һЩǲ˵ġ
߹ӣУѾȫ˷ܺϲ⡣
ҡҵһʲôﰡֱֱͺһڤվĿ´ڣſ𣿡ӣоԼ඼Ҫʺˡ
Ȼ֪Եľﾳڣսڤվʲôأ޵׷󾳽磬˵ײ׷ʵսǿ


2105 Ժη
ӣԼ˴ˡ
ԵʵҲǿͨڤվ޵ˡ
ӣʵͲ£ҪڤվǿǲܵġӣУſҲȼλڤվ޵ߡ
ֵܽſУǿҲﾳڶѣﾳ۷嶼ûССſͶأҲﾳ۷Ϊ޵ߣֻ乥ֶαȽϹ죬˷ʤˡ
ɻ˭Ҫ߹ſд裿վڶ̨ϣʵ
û˸Ӧˡ
ƽɴնɱڳˣ˭Լȥ
϶̨
ӡǣһȫʵʵ͡
С㣬߹ôһλڣǽС˵
Сҡҡͷ˵֪˵ʲôҲںһ㡣Ժ״˽ؽӣҲ
СⷬȷʵǷĵģ֮λ̫ȤأʵȤ˵СԸӣߵܵĶ硣
ȻˣЩԭ̫磬ӣʱڲὫ֮λŮ
Եѣ
ӣٴվͬʱžԹ˹֡
ˣԹֻ
Ȼλƫ̻϶ϲߡ˼ҵļ£Ҳö˵ʲô˶ŭ
ԵѺǿֶΣӣһδԵﾳ޵ߡӣ̾˵
˿ˡЦһ
ӣԾԵ˵ͷȫ
μһᣬ͵ɣǣȥɣӣ˵
ھɱƽȼˣӣκ׷˼Ҫ׷ҪҲӡȥ׷ɱļˣµſ͡ȻǸû
ӣ仰Ҳ뿪˶̨ص߹ӣߡ
ӣĿžԣνҲˡ
֮ǰһֱоֵܣڽоһЩ׽һЩ𾴡
߹ӣ㻹ǽҾֵܰɡЦ
νں
ֵܣǽֵһЩ߹ҲѵˣҲǿԶԼγν⡣
߹ߵĻͮˣԵĿ⣬ǳηܹɱƽǿﰡ֮ǰĽӽʮʱߡǴʱЩ˼顣ʮʱȻû뾰Լ棬ÿμ̬Ҳ⡣뼰ˣǶЩԺȥˣǿ˵ԼҲڤվε޵ֵܹ߳
ֵܣԺʲôҪֱҡֻҪܡӣ˵
ֻǻ˵һ㣬ʶ͡Ϊ뵽ǿڤվǿߵĴڡǿߣҪԴȵȣһ֮ܳ
Ի᲻뿪Լأ
ӣɫ˱䣬Щʧ
߹ӣ⣬ӦûͣȽϳʱ䡣ֻҪһߡԵȻ߹ӣ˼˵
ֵܣ㡭ӣЩ״ˡ
ӣſͣ¹ĴȥˡȻ뾰Եӣ
ӣһ
״ˣ;ԣݴǰй
ˣӣⷬһ䡣Ǽλӣӣ񶼺ܸӡ
Ϊӣµľſͣǵĸ״ˣӣ̬Ȼ˺ܴı仯ĽȴΣǸı䲻ʲô£û뾰ȵſ͡ſƽſвʵڵһģɱֱӸɱˡ
ӣſͣ˵¹뿪
Ժӣˣۡһڡ
ӣ˷衣
ӣþԱߵģҲƽƽλϡԼ߹ӣߡ
Եѣǡ˵Ȯӣ֮ΪſͣӦˡӣžʡ
ȷʵԵͷ
ţ֪ܷðһ䣬ԵǴӺζݣҲû˵оԵʵﾳ޵ߡӣд̽
ݣһƬ֡ӣأݵڣֻһȽͨء
Գһ²˵ˣǴӼңԶĵطġҲǻԵɺϡҵǴʲôطģ˾벻Ҫϸˡ֮ҶӣҲκζ⡣
ȷʵûа취˵ԼǴӻңӣڤվĲΣҲ֪Ĵڡ


2106 Ȫ
ӣҲûм׷ʾԵ
ֻҪûж⣬ҲܾԵҪ취뾰Ըùϵܹþӣҵ֮ڡ
ԵѣǰҲ˵óڤվ¥ۣƺȽȱھʯӣתƻʵ
ȱھʯ˭Ը⽫Լڤվóأһ޵ߣȷʵˡǾȴںһڤվӻģڤվкü
ӣôʣԵ˵ͷ
ȷʵȱھʯԴ׾ҲҪھʯȥӦϡĻָͬҪھʯԽָ棬ԴԽࡣȵﾳָڤվǻ֪Ҫھʯӣõó˶ھʯ
ԵѣܿȮӣã컯μ棬ǵӦһݼ񡣲˵ʵҴھʯҲǺܶ࣬뾰ԵѲҪ١ӣ˵䣬ȡһ﷨һֻһĶ
ҲûֱӾͽӵСӣſͣӣӣ֮ӡԺӣѣ϶ҲְæһЩӣҵԴҲӦãҪҪھʯָʵ
Ե̽鴢ﱦ澹ھʯȾеҪܶࡣԭΪӣͰھʯԼͲˡȻλԼҪ󷽵ö࣬ѹжλڤվ޵ſ͡
ˣҾͲˡԽ﷨
﷨ӣЦˡ¾գ¾ԲաԾܾЩھʯǿͲӣش̫ʱˡ
ԵѲؿԺҪɽۡңҲɸҴѶӣðЦ
ԾԴ󷽣ûеġԵľȻǺܸߣսڤվ޵ߡھʯʲô
ӣھʯֻȷʵҲǺܶ࣬иھʯǧھʯĿģȻǽ֮ڡ
ӣԺҪŬСоԵߣв֮ԵѶ̡ӣöӣ
ǣ״ˡӣվӦ
ˣҶݲ˽⣬ܷҶһЩݵԿʵ
⵱Ȼԡ
ݣǱϾ쵼Ͼһλǿڤվǿߡ
ӣأֻڣһͨͨءݵ򣬱ӣǿʢкܶࡣ

ӣԾԽݵ顣ڶԻУҲ޵ѯ˲֮
򣬼Ӵ󡣾ӣҲ֪򵽵жǰ뿪ݵΧɱ˵߹򣬰Լ㣬ȥĵطİٷ֮һ
Ļɲ֣Ǹݡÿݣһ㶼ڤվǿ޵쵼£һݣٻһλڤվһЩݻжڤվǿߡ
򣬾ڤվ޵ߣΪ
ͨӣĽ̸Զ״ҲһȽͳ֪
ôھʯûбȽϿݵ;أ΢΢һʡ
ԼĻ磬ԲΪԴɵ֮ڣھʯ׬ȡʱҲû÷
׬ȡھʯӣü
֪˵Ĵھʯ϶ΪӴ󡣼ǧھʯ϶̸ϴ
һ;̡ܿӣü˵
˵
ţ˵һ£ԵǸطҲȥʲôҲܱ֤
֮ĳһȪߡһڣһֽȪʯĶıڤվδڣ䶼֮͡Ȫ߲ôףҪ俪ʱſԽ룬ֻڤվ֮޵߲ſɽ롣ͨȪҪ֮òŻῪһΡ
ңǻȪ߿κ˶ɽ롣ڣֻϾսԼȪ߿ҲҪϾ׿ϣܽ롣ܽȥôֻҪĻȪʯϾУȡھʯȸԴһöȪʯֵǧھʯӡ
һλȪ߿ƺкܳһʱɡҲ̫ȷÿһλȪߵĿʱҲȫ̶ġǣǰ֪ȪҪӣ˵һϢ


2107 ֮
Ȫʯ
ʲô
ǵһ˵ڻʱҲ˵ȪʯⶫֱֲֵһöȪʯȻֵǧھʯھʯ
Ե񣬱
ӣ˵Ȫߣȷʵһ׬ȡԴĽݾΨһвǣȪߵĿʱδ֪һοҲ֪Ҫ϶ʱ䡣
ӣոջõھʯȻƲ٣ҲܿˡԽʮʱ䣬һٶھʯڤվ۵ĶھʯֻʣԼĪʮˡٶȣǾԱȽϿʡĽ
ھʯȫھָϣǵǲָܹﾳ۷Ρ׾¾Ҫˡ
׾һԽҪĲϾԽࡣ׾ƶϣžҪھʯ׾ҪھʯǧΪλڵ߲ϣ͸ˡ
Ҳû취׾ڻҲǻ綥طҪֲܿķȻҪ߰Ĵۡ
ԵѣȪߣͱϾеõڵǣϾǻ֪Ե֡Ͼ֪˾ԵĴڣõҲǺܼѵ鰡ӣ˿Ĭеľ˵
ףɡܽͽܽҲǿ󡣡ЦЦ
ţһ취ˣ֪ԵĴڡȪ߿ϾҲϣɳǿﾳ޵߽붴ߣϾʵԽǿ޵ߣڶڵõȪʯĻԽ󡣵޷Եκαֻ֤˵ᾡ
ӣ˵ԳЦЦ˵¾ԵЦϾǰҲûʲôλȥδܼ档
˲˵ܰæѾܸмæϿҵ˵
Ե⣬Ҿͷˡӣ³һ
Եѣȱھʯ߻ᾡ㴢ӣ¶£ˡ
ȴЦЦ
ȱٵԴӣܹġӣҲڤվѡȻһأأһжٳ˵Ҳӣ̫ĳԼɣ
룬Ծóһ
ԴǬ磬֮˳ۣ֮ԭǻĶرõ֮ۺ󣬾ԴᵽһЩ黯ϢԵõһߵһرǼӰɴӰɴԶ֮Ҳû̫ˡ
ۣ֮ӦҲһļǮϾڻ磬ر֮һֵڤվܱȣӦܳ󲿷ڤվķ
ӣе֣֪ûкõĳ;Խ֮óӣ˵
ǡӣۣ֮ͫһ
ʶۣ֮ⲻӰ֮۵ķǷڤվıȻ·ķ֮ƺЩ̫ϣӣ
ڤվķӣУҲֻһһֻΪͨڤվ
ʱòⶫȡھʯһЩʲôġ۾
ӣ⶯˼Ȼ֮ڣĿǰҲвӣߣӣҲ¡ϵɲʵ
ӣˣͨʱӴҲжϸţӦòΪһڤվͶ˼
Եѣ㡭ҪϷӣ˵۾
һ޵ߣõǿķǲ׳۵ġڤվ򶼲ôף˵ڤվˡЩܾ޴ķȡھʯףھʯķͱȽˡ
ԡٴȷϡ
ԵѣϷļֵҲǧھʯ֮ϡҪ۵ĻͲȥ¥ЩǶǳ˲¹ͷѪ϶ǧټƵѹۣǱѹһɣǶǷǳʧˡҪ˵Ҫ͸÷һЩ߶ϡ֮ڣӦþв˻Ȥ
ˣ֮ڻҫǾһȽϸ߶˵ᡣҫǣǴڼصǡڼңڣǿʢ֮һɲССӣܱȵġҲһЩèӣ˵
ˣǾͷϳ۰ɡԵͷ
ţȥţԵѵϢǡ꣬һʮ꣬ӦþͲˡӣɵ


2108 ҫ
ӣһᣬԱ߹ӣһ뿪ĸۡ
ԭ뽫֮ϷۡģӣҪԴϷ˾ҲΪ˱ӡ
صӣۡʱ߹ӣʮλſͣһĻ޲£ҲȺǰСԺӣǶӭ
߹ӣ˶񣬰һЩ޲¡
޲µһ˫ĿʱžԡʱЩԡڣ̬Ȼͬˡ
£¹ϸôˣӣʵ
һԵľԣҲͷλ߹ӣſͣȷʵǴĵ׹ĵģⲢװģ
¹ѾȶܻҪһʱ䡣޲˵
ţ¹ϸúӣӣ˵ͷ
߹ӣǰҲǱλ۸һˣҶ֪ԭ򡣲ԺоڹߣǼλӣ۸ǣɾ͵õˡ
ǰˣ߹;¡ʱǶӡɫǾʼˡ

˷׷׿ڡ
ӣҵļһϣѵõûоñǳޱȡ
Ҫлֵܡ߹ӿ˿ԡ
߹ӻλѣ߹ſͣȻҲóһңͲҪٶ˵ˡЦЦ
գ߹ڸۡ磬µſ۳
ӣȻǴʱ䶼ڱչͬʱҲӣϢھʯûȥ׾ĲϣǼʹھʯָ硣
󣬾ԵľѾָﾳ۷ΡԾͻƣûϺģֻҪԴָܿ졣Ҫʱ䣬ھʯķѵʱ䡣ʵھʯٶҲԽԽ졣
ҾҲרǬڲһܹھʯ󷨣ڶ̶ʱ㽫ָﾳ۷Ρ
ֻٶھʯʣҲˡ
һգӣ߹ӣĸۡӣۡڵ뾰ԡ
˵ӣʱһ֪ǸڻҫǽеᣬӦ׼ȷϢˡ
ӣ󣬾ԱЦ˵ˣֱӽȥĸۡˡ
ԵѲؿҲûʲô飬ӣֲۡʲôӣ˵
ˣǰǼ̤ӣۡġӣӣҲ߹ӣոսʱһΡһΣǵڶΡ
Եѣڻҫǵĸ߶ᣬʱ䶨ˣ֮Ѿĸ̸ˣһж˳ӣ˵
лԹֵл
ԵѣڣǾǰҫǡȻ˵ʱ󣬲絽һҲáҪǼϷӣֵ
ҲԣߣԵǲں綯
߹ӣӣ;ͳۡ
뿪ǣֱŻҫǷи·ȻͨķУ˲Ƹ·ӣľԸԼԽԼ˲ٶȿĿˡ֪Եսڤվ޵ߣϾŸͻƵﾳѡ
ܿӣͷԼˣԸԼԣɵúܣûκγӡӣ˼һ𽥼ӿٶȡ֮ҲĳԾּԼȫԸĴգԶܸԼ
ĺˣԲս뺷ϾȻҲ֮ߣһһĴڡ
ӣҵأǴڼҵغңԶ˲˲Ƹ·Ҳûķ̫ʱ䣬˱ִ˴ڼصǻҫǡ
췽Ǵڼҡص㣬ڴڼڻҫǵһ֮ۡС
˵ģ˴ʵ󣬵ȴܸߡܹμģ඼ݡ㲻ݣҲǱȽڤվ޵ߡ
˴ĸˣǴڼһӡֻӣñӣٵöࡣ𱾴ģǴСӡСӣɲСںʱ򣬾ʹﵽڤվΣǻǧ֮ǰˡ񣬴СӾﵽεȳ̶ȣȴû֪
ӣݣڲۡ롣ԣǸӣߡ
ܿ죬ӣú;Ծͼ˴ĴӴڲ
һǺƵ޵ߣԼɢڤվϢ
ڲӣú;Ժ΢ЦվĿھ΢ɨջأδ̫עԡӣⴾڲʵλҲ̫ߣһͨصѣڼҲ̫ˣͬһΡ


2109 ϷеľƷ
ӣڴڲǰ㲻Ҫ
ӣһͬľԣڲǸ̫ˡӣҲûжԴڲ˵ھԵ飬ίдڲ֮ʱҲֻ˵ԼлõһϷ
ӣһ˹ڲȻҲû˵ʲôӣһ㣬ӣҲǻʵݣҲкüڤվſ͡ӣòμһͬûʲô˵ġ
ӣίķڿó˰ɣڲЦ˵
֮ǰӣ˵ϷҪʱ򣬲δӦķԴڲִ֮ۡ˴Եľ߾ûͨˡڲҪƷǳʲôҵľڲڼҵӡ
ȻȻ
ڹ뿴ӣЦ֮ȡڴڲǰ
ҫ֮ǰԽ֮۽ӣС
ӣý֮ȡʱ򣬴ڲϵı黹ǵȻɵ֮ۺɫβסı˱䡣
ۣ֮Ѿǳϡʼ֮ǰʱ䣬֮ۡϾ֮ϵķֵȻۿۣ֮ۡ˵û覴ˡ
ڲվ֮ǰϸۿӳ֮̽۵ĽṹӦơ
Ƭ̺󣬴ڲһ
ӣ˵ӣҿɷһʣ
ӣϵڲдһʣҡͷ˵ڹӣϷҲ˵½⡣ҿԱ֤Ϸס
ӣ˵ڲЦЦûм׷ʡ
ӣͬСɡϷ֮УҲǼƷʵĶ㽫ɷģҶĳһļ۸񡣡ڲЦ˵
ˣлڹӡӣֵл
ᣬպʼ⼸죬λסɡڲֵ
߽ۡ˹ӣ;԰סۣ֮ʱڲܡ
ԴڲݵλǲڻʲôֽšȻҲܽ˸߶˵ѣٵȴǺ׵顣ֻҪһΣ̰īƷҲͳˡ
˵⻹ϵڼҵ档Ϊݵ֮ںպĴڼңΪһϷٵǷǳ޴顣
ˣӣ;ԣڴڲĸۡס졣
׼ʱʼ᳡ǴڲۡڵһСῪʼǰԺӣ㵽Ļ᳡
μľ࣬ӣ˵ģľߣѰܴڤվ޵ߡ
Ժӣڻ᳡˸ط£۲᳡
һҲ΢ЩݡΪ֣᳡ھȻڤվ޵ߴڡڤվڻǳƺƿߡϢԲİԼЩ޵ûпĴ߶ƿһĴڣҲܸӦó
ûһڶ෱ӳھòǴڲǵֳ˵һЩӭ˵Ļ󣬴˴Ϳʼˡ
Ϊʣ˴гֵĶܼ򵥡Ϊ˵ĶֵҲﵽʮھʯֵھʯĲϣҲʱ֡ڤվķȵȣһ㶼ĳھʯļ۸񡣾ԵǼڤվɽҲھʯ
ĳʮƷ󣬼ְʦĴڲĿͻȻ΢΢һ
ܣҲЩ仯˵λǰѣƷǱѹƷ֮һһΰĽ˵ʵڵõƷʱҲһЩʱ;оΪޣƵļܹԿ̣ܶطǲסҿԱ֤Ʒ
˵ʱ򣬴ڲͣһɫƷȡ
ƷϷѵõľƷҼ򵥽һ£ǹſµ̽˵̽飬ɲͨ̽顭ڲ˵ķǾԵ֮ۡ
ò˵ڲȷʵǿŷǳɫŶӡʱ䣬Ǳ㽫֮۵ĸ÷òˡ
һò˵Ĺܣһ̶黯ռ䡣飬黯ռڣڤվ޵ߵķһ
һ˲Ϸ
ڳλӦöҪڤվôҾͲ˵ϻˡ֮ǰһҲ޵׼۾ġڲ΢΢һЦ֮۵ľĿʼ


2110 һ
ڴڲϷʼĺ󣬾оһֽŵĸо
֮ڻУǱرֵȷʵߡڻ磬ﵽǸΣһ֮ҲǺںˣ˵ģ˵һ黯иǿӰɴɵҲûа취ȱԴ
ʱľԣΪܹ֮ĳһȽϸߵļ۸ʼ޵ߵı飬뿴֮Ȥ޵ж١
ԵѣϷĳһǳ˵ļ۸񡣡ӣԾ˵
һϷֵҲǧǧ֮䡣ԵѵϷǾƷɽ۲ܵǧھʯǺǣǴﲻǧھʯҶȻûôھʯҹҲôճӣ۾⡣
УֻһϷһȽͨˣȷʵҲϷֻβϾޣϵԴֵȻǲ٣кܶණû취ģӰ쵽ʵ
šԵͷ
е޵ߣѾʼˡ
һ۵޵ߣһڤվ޵ߣǧھʯ
Ȼһᣬ޵׼۾ģΪƷǼֵߵĶ͵²ܻĵ鷢Ҳܻкܵͼ۸ĵöĿܡ
Ժһ̫͵ļ۸񣬸ûκ壬ֻ˷ʱ䡣
Ȼǧھʯļ۸񣬺ܿͱԽˡ߼Ӽ۵ƵȻǺܸߣǼӼ۷ȶܾˣ϶ʮһھʯķϼӼۡ
һЩȽ޵߾ĳۺӣҲ˳ԽЩˣǵֵȵϢ
ǧ򣡡һص
ǧھʯ
֣ͫ΢΢һתĿȥ۵Ǹ޵ߺ۾ʱһ¡Ϊһγ۵޵ߣһڤվǿߡ
֮ڣڤվǿҲô
ҫǵ⼸ڤվǿߣȫݵԱӣ⼸Ҳȫʶ
ڤվ޵߶֮ȤҲԵԤϡڻ磬ƺƿҲδܵõ֮ر
ǧھʯһڤվ޵ߺܿӼһǧھʯ
ߣǧ򣡡Ⱦ۵ڤվһٴμӼھʯ
һۣҲڷԼɴӴڲõһʵھʯʱڣԴȻǲ÷ˡ
ǧ˰򣡡һ۳֡
һα۵ģڤվ޵ߡˣֻͨڤվΪԸղţѾӣܹˣݵ֮ڣһǳǿ˵أⴾڼһġȻڤվʵҲܽӽڤվˡͺԻĳԨǸ
λĲƸҲܾˣݵڣ罨ص֮һܹ㡣һڤվ޵ߣ塣֮ڣȫܶڤվǿ߽
㲻Լ֮ڣһڤվ޵ߣҲɱϵıＫ࣬ڤվķж
ˣպյ
ǧھʯһڤվǿüӼۡ
ǺǡһЦ
λͷȽϰС쳣ķۡò۹ҲȽϳªӥǣȥ͸˺ܰԵӡ
ԳǼλڤվǿߣ˿ûη̬
ЦӿһתŴڲǰ֮ۡ
ҺܸȤ
ҲӼˣҳһھʯ˭Ҫǳ۳һھʯҾͷЦ˵
ƴ֣
Ĳƴ֡һڤվûС
֮УλĲƸܽӽݵϾ
ֱӽ֮۵ľļ̧ۣһھʯ֡
УҲǴһЩһЩ޷ܵ֡һھʯһϷ˶Ϊֵ̫áǣȻϷڲ֮ǰ书ܣϾڳ˶ûȥĹЧҲʮ˽⡣
ۺĳбǰǼλڤվǿߣҲϢˡڤվǿߵھʯҲǴġһھʯҪܼ¡
ΪеһھʯҶסˡôڣ˳߼˵ˣ˶Ϸ۳һھʯͷڲ˳ƿڡ


2111 
ڲ˵ⷬʱ⿴Ǽλڤվǿߡһɷ֡ǼλǿߣϷȻĳߵļ۸
ȻֶβδЧǼλڤվǿ߶ûٿڼӼۡˣѾվֱӾ뿪᳡
ϲϷԺˡڲѯʶκ˼Ӽۣ֮۱ĳɹ
֮۳ɹĺ󣬱һҲѾ˴룬ʮƷһһһƷҲĳǧھʯĸ߼ۡûۣ֮һƷӦǱмֵߵĶһȭͷСʺɫҩ
Ժӣ˳뿪᳡
ԵѣȻԤϵǼϷĳ߼ۣҲû뵽һھʯļ۸ɽӣЩ˵
λУȻҲĲ˸߼ۡЦЦ˵
ţеڤվ޵ߡʵӽڤվſͣڤվǿ߶һѡӣ̾
˹һᣬһʱ֮󣬲ȥڲ
ƷҪ㽻סǴ͵ᣬƷδʱͽнڲֵĴ˴ᣬǸ߶ˣ߲࣬ƷҲࡣ
һʱڣҲͽ׵òˡ
Ժӣڲʱ򣬴ڲҲ
ӣһΪѾ뿪ˡڲЦ
ڹ˵ЦˣҲǾսܱȽæһŹӣҲЦ˵
ţղȷʵȽϷæӣǾͲϻˡίϷɽһöھʯչأҪȡɽ۵һɷáӣûɣڲӣ
ӣûֱӻش𣬶ǿ˿ߵľԡ
Զӣͷ
ί˼ȡһѣҲܺ㲻ָڲѰ񡣶ʲôطʲôУȡһѡһɵķãҲߡ
һĻҲڲˡ
ڲûʲô仯ȴЩȡΪֻӣӡſ֮ݣڿ鲢ô򵥡
λӣƺߵصЩˡڲҲʣ˭Ҳùġӣһģж󱳾ΪڲûӾϸӦڤվϢ
ڹȡһɷãӣھԵͷ󣬱ŴڲЦ˵
죡ڲϾȡһռ䴢ӡ
棬Ǿǧھʯӣһ¡ڲռݸӣ
ŵùڹӡӣӹռ
˵ŵùڲɻǴ߶鿴˿ռ֮ھʯû©ȷʵǾǧھʯӣ˵Ҳһʾ޿
ڹӣǾͲˡӣڲǡ
ӣϣ´ΣǻܺϷ֣һҪﰡڲ
һһӣͷ
ӣú;Գ˴ڲĸ֮ۡ㽫ռ˾ԡ
Եѣڻǣӣÿԡ
ҫǵĹģҪһ㣬ﹺһЩԴܻǷһЩԳһ˵
ӣЦЦ
˵ҫǱǴһ㣬ǿӣˡҫǣݣҲǶιģĳУܹȵģ
Ժӣ˱ȥ˻ҫǵһЩ¥̻ȵط˲ٲϡҪĲϣ׾Ĳϡ
Ȼ󣬵ڻҫĳڣҲǺ򵽡㹻ھʯЩ¥óԴ
׾͵Ĳϣķ˾Խӽǧھʯ׾߲ϣҲ΢עһ£Ҫһڶھʯ
Ϲ֮󣬾Ժӣǡ

ǣۡ
ǣصǣһģҫ൱ĳУͬ
ʱڸۡһ֮Уǰվһߡ
ҲǸմӻҫǻصǣһ㽫˹
˳ԾˣλںǰǴһı顣ߴʱվţȻ¡
һĻǱ޵߿ҲֳԾλЩڤվ޵ǰ˾нοĳСڳ֮ڣȫսЩΪǿڤվǿߡ


2112 黯һ
֮кܰ
ںǰ֮ڰСȻϸ鿴ոմӻҫĻϷ֮ۡ
֮󣬺Ŀбһ⣬ϢҲ΢΢һȻתĿ
ǴӴڼСӵģ߿ڣͳʵ
űϷǴӴڲٰоĵġҸо⣬ԻһھʯӦ
˵űоΣֵֵһھʯ
мűߵĺߣݵ¶һĨЦ⡣
ֵͲһھʯֵҪģƺ⣬һе黯һơű˸
벻ĵطȻ黯һķű˵һ䡣
黯һظһ⼸֣ҲЩã
һȻ֪
ȻȻθһԴһġĵһУڸΪȫ档黯һͲ˽ˣ䣬ǰƺҲû˵ٹ黯һϢ
㲻֪黯һҲ
黯һ޵ߣǳ١黯һ޵ƺȫˡűҡͷ
̧Ŀűߡ
黯һ޵٣һķͬǷǳ˵ˣ֮ǰĺܳһʱȥݵ򣬶黯
Ǻǣ黯ϷжǶ⼶ˡ룬óˣ黯һ޵ߡôΪܵõ黯أűĿһ⡣
ű˼ǣ̧ü
ھʴڼСӣó˭ϣ»黯ܻ黯һķ黯һķھʯ޷Ķű˿
ǣһºӦ
ͷҲȻ黯һǺ˽⣬űģǾԷͬһ㡣
Ͼϵڲ
Ƭ̺ŭһж봾ڲϵ
СӣȻ˵ܸҹҵϢѹֵ
űü
ϷҪһˡ̸׼һھʯű߷Ը
̬ȣͺǶһһ㡣
űҪȥҫǣϾͲµˡ
ţűߵͷ
ûгɣһھʯһڤվ޵˵ˣһЩڤվ޵߶δܹõóóһھʯȴҲ̫
ǵϢȥűߴṩһھʯ뿪ǡ
ҫǣۡ
ڣűһЦ
죬Ǵڲĸףڼص
Ӵ츮ۡڣһϢ֮ӿţһӰɳ
ӸۡڷɳϣǴŭɫġ
ʲô
ڼصݵ֮ڣǿʢ֮һˣվ֮ۡ⣬ֱӽк֣һЦֱһ衣
ɳ󣬿Ӱϵŭɫ˲ʧˣȡ֮ǸЦݡ
ǼűűͻȻ칰֡
˵ͬʱҲǿת
űߣǺܾöû¶ˡݣűǿ޵У󡣿˵ﵽﾳԼﾳ֮ϵ޵ߣҲ֪űߵġ
ˣһ޵ߣ侳磬һ¶ʱ򣬱ѾﵽڤվΡ
ôһˣûԸΪǾ͵ŷıɡԼɱһرļһﶢϣҲǷǳͷ۵顣
ݵ֮ڣűеˣ޷㡣ڼŭ֮£ǶпֱйߵģǿС޵ߣһĨɱ
űߣѾкܳʱû¶ˡ˵ű֮伣ϾһϵΪűֶ̫̫ΣϾ澯Ҫ
㣬Ȼ¡һӣдڲ԰ɡűЦʵ
ţͫ΢΢һ
űߣƺҪʲôѵԼСӴڲʲôط˴ˣ
죬ᡣȷʵ£һڲǻ¡鷳㣬ڲйʹһЩ󣬱뿪㴾ڼءűЦе˵


2113 ʵ
췽ű˵ҪԼʱʶĽһ£Ϊű⣬һ˶뱻˵ǡת󣬴ҲͰ˲٣ΪűԼСӲͲԼˡ
Լ֮ڣԼҲű߻ͻȻ֡
ת󣬴͵ͷˡűֻԼСһ飬ζø
űԵȣСӴѶЦ
űߵͷ
ڲڽӵ״Ѷ󣬱̴Լۡҵ˸״ĸۡ
ԶԶģͿ˼űߡڲҲʶűߡˣвɾһ
״ˣ
űڲֽ˼ʺ
űȮӴڲˡָָڲԼű߽˵
ܲΪ̤ϲҲ¡ű߿Ŵڲͷһ䡣
ڲӣܿűߵķܣ伸䣬档
ˣڲæ
Ȼ֪Է˵ģǵʵʵǫһ¡ȻˣϲΣôףҲֻǽӽϣɱϾڤվ
Сӣڸۡһ԰ɣűֱʵ
ǣѾˡڲΪűμᡣ
ű߰ڰ˵֪ˣϣһϷܲϷǸһھʯµķ
ڲæ˵űǼϷѵãһھʯҲԿ
սű߸ûμᣬȴ˶ݵʱھ֪µϷԣűǳϤ
ţҿɲµġ㣬ʣίϷ˭űЦеʵ
⡭ڲΪˡ
չأǲ͸©Ϣġ
֮ǰѶʹϢܾˣûԥˣպյļűߡܾش⣬ű߻᲻ŭ
ڲ˿״졣
ʱ˵ĻҲô¡
űҲ֪ᣬһЩصġСǽϢ͸¶ǻӰ쿪˵
ȷʵűߡ
ڻҫǣҲű߶֡ɱ˼űߣɼűҲɱű߶ԼĶӴڲ֣ҲüֹԼĳڣսȫܹһεġοԭսͺܽӽڤվˡ
죬ģǻġǺǣҿɲϲȡű۾ͳ˵
ţüɫҲ˱䡣
ٺ٣ҿõҪϢôһ顣ҺϣڲСѣܹһΣǷϢңű߼˵
Ȼü
ڤվǿߵ飬ȷʵֵǮűߣ̫ˡ˵ʵ춼űʲôǣ
УˣǽܵõҪϢôҲӦû֧ꡣһھʯСѣԸ²űȡһԴڲ˵
һھʯһϢ
űߵĻڲ۾ˡ״񶼶Ȼһ
Ȼǲ༶Ĵڣ۲ƸȴԶȲ

ǣ
ȻӣСһڸۡڣֹһ䡣
ӣͿɲСˣ˵ȷʵҲСһ̫ˡ̤ڤվʱӣÿܶԶԶûг
űЩ鷳ӣãȻʲôǶ֣㶼ŪϾݣϾ˳ϵģҲ˵¡ü˵
ӣֻɱϾݡ
Ե޹ʵıץ߱ɱϾ֪ܲ
Ӳ϶СǣҪһʵɡֻҪɳ֣Ͼͺ˵ˡűЦ˵
ʵϣűҲһЩ˼ɵġΪȷʵϾǹ˼ϾʱѾɱӣȥˡ
ű˵ǣҪһɣҪıı۾
¾ͽʱ󣬸ҡģŪ黯һķҲԶʳġűһЦ
űΪӣõУӦи黯һطӣһڤվ޵ҲǶ⣬ô黯һķң黯óűΪĿܾǣӣߴ˽һλ黯һǿ޵µżλ黯һ޵ߣܻܿĴڡˣôпܵõֱָ黯һķ


2114 ħͷ
ڻ磬ǵҲ޵½һĴڡ
Ĳֵһ޴ƣںϻ磬ǲӵнӽ
ûﵽľ磬ԵɺϣҲõ˲ıֻҪڻ粻ǾɵԶͷۡ
𣬿ûл类ںϣԼЩʵ뺷Ҳǿܱɱġ뿪ȥѰһںϣҲȫܣǳĿ̣ǱȽɵ۶򵥲ʲô
ԭܼ򵥣Ļ磬ʵɵٵġԵĻ磬ɵ졣ɵഴһ磬һ£ôЩȥȾָԼĻ磿

Դӻҫǻص֮߹ӣ˸к㿪ʼչ
׾
ڻҫǣԴ׾͵ĳϡ
ٶһǧ
׾Ϸһڤվ޵˵ҪǺܼѵġ׾һ߲㣬һڤվ޵ߣǰܻȽɡӵĲ㿪ʼҪգ¼ϳ㣬ҲҪķѴʱ䡣㡢㣬Ǿ͸ˡ
Ƕһڤվ޵˵ģֻﾳ޵ߣһ£ǳҲ׾ǰĲ㣬⻹Ҫżߵķ츳С
Ծԣȴɡ
ԼϷĻֽ֮ԽϲεĹȫա׾Ȼڻ¡
ʱ䣬׾ͱա
׾㣬ķѵʱͱȽ϶һЩˡϾϲεķĸӡǾյҲķ˽ӽʮʱ䡣
׾Ѿա
׾綥طǲΣյ㣬Ѿ˲ٵĴķطŲСġ˵ķʵս棬ҲܸҴ԰Ѱ˼š
ǵ߲ˣҲһ㡣
ϧڵھʯ޷߲׾в϶ȫ
ѵһЩҡҡͷ
Ƶ

ǣӣõĸۡ
ӣüͷ壬һ˼ı顣
һʱ䣬ӣڣһЩõ鷢
״ˣȵĻ쵰ֱһħͷ֮Ϳ̿£ŭ˵
ջصǵġλӣ״
ӣڣһ꣬һʵ׺ֽȵ޵ߡˣ޶ɱӣȫǴħͷɡ
ӣڣвٳУȵ޵߹˹ˡÿһطдС
״ˣȵˣǽڲð޵ߡҸо˺רӣԵӡ߹ӣü˵
ˣֵȷʵͻȻҲ֡ǰû˵ôһСҲ˵
أ뾰һǶ鲻ӿ˿߹ӣ˵
磬ӣңûκζ⡣ңԾʵ뿪ӣңȥһأ¶ᱻΪϱӣ̾Ϳ˵
߹ӣɱȹȥеˡӣҲиܵõӣԼ̬ȱ仯
ӿ˿ӣû˵ʲô
״ˣ׸ô죿ܲܣȵӣɱӶȥɣͳ
£ȷʵýһˡӣڿڡ
ӣԼҲúܡȵȻڤվ޵ߣͨչֳս˵ʵҲǳӽڤվˡ£ε޵ߣݲӦüǡ
ɻľˣǰѹû˵ˡӣʱ䣬ҲͨܶϵȵıȴҲûеõκмֵˣͺƾճһ㡣
ӣҵԸһṳ̂ڤվ޵ߣȻʲô¡ǣӣҲй˼ɡҪȻҲȵôʱˡ
ԭӣûôпֻǾӣأò˶þͻ뿪ڿǸӣˣȫûҪ뿪ļ󡣴һֱ뿪ΪƬͲܲȡһЩʩˡܲܣһֱȥ
״ˣûŪ֮ǰǻҪΪһЩӣ˵
ôȥӣһʲôţ˵ԺˣڣѾкܶഫԣ˵ӣһﾳ޵߶ò£һ


2115 ²
ӣȻҲ֪һֱӲǰ취һֲĸоҪ˵þ壬Ҳ˵
˵ûΪȵԵʣӣ֮ڳ಻Эضʼˡ
ӣȻֻһͨ壬ɱϾһﾳ۷޵߶òסҪ˿Цˡ
ˣȶȥ£һԳ洦ӣվ
ڳãǡ
ӣڷڵһᣬһӰȻ˽
ΣӣӰһʵ
Ӱȴҡͷ
ˣѾ߾ܣԲܲȵֻܣһǴ˴ңԶݵһǴһֱݻٽĳδ˵
û취ˣֻȥһȵˡ治֪ӣҵôˣŲšӣŭĻһ֡
鲻ȵӣɵԭ֪ʲô󱳾Ļӣͳֽɱˡ
ȵӣڣҲûκص˼κһطضҪɱˡӣǣҪҵ˵ټ̫ˡ
һʱ֮ӣӣһϷȵ
һͨӣ˲顣
ӣ;ִʱΪһƬ棬֫洦ɼһ̯̯ѪҺСȾɺںɫŨѪζƮɢԶ
Сϵ飬ȻɱˡҲ֪ûѳȥҲԲࡣ
һĻӣɱڣ˫Ŀ죬÷
Ļ쵰ħͷӣĿѡ
С֮ϣһӰվˣѾӣ;
λڤվǿ֣߳¶Цݡȵӣؽӽ֮õǸﾳ۷޵ߡ
ȵ𣿡ӣĶȵ
ûҾȵӣ˰ɣȵ۾𣬿Ͽյӣ޾⡣
ӣãһΪ㱻Ƶ¶ˡٲ¶棬ҿɾҪˡȵ˵
ȵΪҪӣΪУҴδ㣬ӦҲûгԹӣɱڣ޲̽ȵʬΣǿѹסɱ⣬û̶֡
ԹǵûУֻǣҾͿӣҡӣã¸㣬ǿʼһģӣ鶼ɱ⡣ŶҲô˵Щ뿪ӣأҲˡȵһЦ˵
ƾ㣿ӣһȡ
԰ƾңôѵ㻹ҶҶ֣ӣãҸӣɱ¾Ϊһûб𣿡ȵ
㱳˭ӣһʶʵ
㲻ùܣ֮ǲĴڡʹ찡ɱ¾ӣ׬ȡԴĽݾȵı飬ɲ
ˣӣãϻȰ㣬ǧҪүүҶ֣һڣȵһ֣ҡڵľҪ뿪
ӣñһ˫չһҫĿĹαŷȵϯȥ
ܣȻ٣
ȵӣ֣æȡһֵӣĹͬʱٷУƺҪӴܵӡ
ѾһӣȻȵӣҲûʧȥǣȻȵɱļأ޲ýʬΣɴʱȻץסȵ˵
ȷʵǺǿﾳ۷޵ߣʵѰڤվ޵ߣҪɱҪһֽšӣܵȵʵת
߶֪бǶ˼֡
ʱȵȴͻȻȫķҶȻתзӣλóӰֱӾûӣʩչĹС
ãӣһæҪջԼ߶
û뵽ȵֿһԼĹܹĻСջȫȵ޵ѾʧȥҲֻʣһԴĴӿˤ·ϡ
ģӣ˿ݺݵơ
ӣһۣ˶ӶԷĿУһЩ²
ȵ޵ߣӿʼûеֿ˼Ҵıֿƺ˻²ᱻɱӡӣеĲٱǿ
ˣˡ˿ָʹӿʼרŵֽɱġУ˵
ӣ˵ͷüͷǣ˭Ϊأ


2116 ս
ӣǺܽˣ֮ǰɣһֱûнȵ
ڿǳˡ
ȵΪܲһ̣ȵȵӣȫüջ
ô죿üʡ
ֻ֪ܵſˡȻȥɣӣҡҡͷ̾һ
ûѡֻܵȴᷢʲô飬ڿǶԲߡ
ӣһĴң˵ȵĳֲһӣҵıأ

ǣĸۡ
ˣܹۡܣŲҴҴ߽ɫЩ
ȵѾܹܽž˵һ䡣
ûȵɳȥġҪԸӣңҪһʵĽڣܿϾ֡ϾʣǾͻú鷳Ŀܾ޹˽ڣǾͲһˡ
Ȼݵ򣬿ɵ֮иֶԹìҲǾֵġϾҲȫֹ֮սɱ¾⵱ȻҲܾԽֹϾҲֻһ̶άһȶľ档
ݻõģһЩ֮ڣ֮ɱ̲ΪƵпᡣƹݵǿߣȷ֧֮ɱģ
ܹܵĻһȻվ
ڡˣеͺһ
ȵɵӣأһʱ䡣ȵӣصΪ֪ӣõ͹򣬳󡣲ҲȽܵȣڵȵڡ
վɫȵŭڡ
˭
ȵôģȵ
ȵôȻһڱӣװŭӡ
ˣȵӣ֮ڡϢȷӣӣԳ֣ɱȵܹܻӦ˵
ʲô
ȻӣңһССӣңĵӡӣңӣã
ˣˣԼĸۡ
ӣҸۣĻ쵰ССӣңȻҲҲȵҵͷϣΪ۸ɣ
ۡסſ̶ͣӸԾǰЩſУǳǿڤվǿߡ
ں̵ܶʱ֮ڣбۼ˶ʮڤվ޵ߡˣʵ˶٣ֻһܽϲΡ
Щſ֪ʼĩ֮һӹĦȭҪɱӣȥЩſ֪ͣȵⰲŵӣصģвſҲо鲻򵥣ⶼҪµſͣǵԴһ붼ֱṩġ
˵ˣǾĴ֡ʱ򣬾õǵʱˡ
Щſ֪ͣȵˡȵʿɲſô򵥡ȵӸճͱߣʿȥգһüͷʿǴӹҳϵġ
ڰУʿ࣬ȵΪɫ֮һΪӽڤվʿҪ޴۵ġ
أ̶ӣսȵ
ǣܹӦ˳ȥ
Ϣܿݴ
أӣս
ʲôˣ
ô£ǿ֮һӣֻһͨءأΪҪӣսӣҵǵԴۣܿ
սǧȷ
Ҳ֪ӣôˣ
ӣҪˣضѾֱӶӣսӣҳϾ֣ӣǰ¼ֲһʱ䣡
Ϣ֮ݸأ㶼ѸٵõصϢ
ӣأǡ
ôȻȻأǸȵˣӣɫף˵
ضӣս֮صͨѾֱӴӣءսԭطҲ˵úӣɱߵȵͨ˵ȵӣĶӡ
ӱɱҪӣظˡ
ô죿ô죿
ΪҪӣңӣýⲽ
˴ʱܻô£ӣȻѾףȵɹģҪһڶӣҳְˡӣûĵطǣΪҪĻǵĶԸӣһͨͨأӣҲû
УҲԴУǿޱȣҡֻ˳֣ӣΨһϣϾ


2117 ûлӦ
ӣȣʵ̫ˣһشǽضǵѹӣزܵסҡ
ӣ׵ǣΪҪô˼ԸԼԼӣƺûеҡ
ֻ˼ЩѾûʲôˣҴѾسʱܽӣءҪģϾ档֮ڣҲϾֹܹҡ
ݣϾǣ
ۡ
ϾľۡڣһС
һϮɫȹɫɫ˫ŮӣھӨ͸ʯϡ
Ͼ
ϾȾݵҪ֣ں嫵ĴŹ㷺ĴȡĲǸΪò
֮Уڤվ޵߼ϾܹòӰġУŮ޵ߡ
ˣǷӦУһŮӣվϾ棬ʵ
ڲ֮ǰؽһϢۡأҪӣսڶ֮ǰ¼սԭ򣬶ȽϸĴϾ
ӦϾľɫϣûʲô仯˵
Ů˫ü΢΢˶֪ϾǲӦôҲǵĬصս
Ҳ͵ڣӣ׶༪١
ˣ˵ȵӣɱӣսǸ𡣿ɸյ鱨Ǹȵﾳ۷޵ߣȥӣصģӣɱ޹ӣҲû취ų֡ңȵ޵Ů˵
ֻⷬǽʵ˵
Ͼվֱ̧ۣǣƺ΢
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ǵģضӣս󲻾ãӣ㴫Ѷȣϣܹ¡ӣҲ˵ԼǱˡŮӵͷ˵
㲻ã˴۵ĶԸӣңЩΪҪôǸȵӦķѾ޴ʿΪ˶ԸӣңʿˡûԭϾɫ
ŮӵͷҲı㡣ӣһССأյԴ࣬ӶӣأҲⱾ⡣
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ҲЩ棬ΪҪôΪҪĻǵĶԸӣҡ
ǣӣĸۡ
ĴУӣˣλڤվſͶڣλ
֮⣬ļãӡӡС߹ӣ⼸ǵöڴڡ
ˣһֱûκλӦҿǲܼϣ˲ִˡ˵
ͨſݣĻҲӣңӣΪεſ͡
ӣΣҲ֪ϾڶûκλӦӦǲӣصķˡ
״ˣ˲£ǲֵܵصĹǣô죿ӱҡ
֪شǸܲסһбƣôЩˣļʺܴЩãƽ߸ϣӣأû˸ҶǲصˣɲʲôݣɱһҪǵ
˭
мܵȻԣ
ӵѯʣӣûлӦɫû˵κλ
ͻȻóԼĴѶѶϢɫȻһ䡣
ˣصˣˣλһȺǿ޵ߣѾӣطΧֱǶټ˵
ڣء
Ҷ֪ص˿϶ǵ仰Ȼͷ𶯡
ǵҪʲôӣ˿ߵ˻
ˣǶͼͨûеõκλӦ˶ٵ£ģҪӣء
׼ӭսɣӣû˻ֱۡ
ڣ޵߶Ѿ˵Ϣǰ뿪ǣԼ꼰ЩӱܵˣӣҲûȥĿơ
޷ָÿ˶Ϊ
ʱǣЩң廹ƽֵҵֹͣӪҵڽֵϣʱܿۡάʱѡ뿪Ǳѣӣû٣Ǿ


2118 
߹ӣĸۡ
Դڱչ֮УѾյ׾ҴһУõµĵ
ھ磬ҲѴﵽﾳ۷壬ڤվΪӽ˵ʱľԣʱܽڤվֻҪԸ⣬ָ̻ڤվҲǻƿ߾硣
ԲδŻָڤվڶ֤֮󣬾Ե֮··һµĴšӵ̶̵ļʮʱ䣬ָﾳ۷塣濴ǣ·ʵϾԶԵ;Ѿ˺ܶµ⡣
ڻ磬Ϊԭʣ;ֻܿԼ·жԵĲԵñȽϵһЩԭ򣬶û飬ڵ;ϲﵽڤվǼˡ
޵½һ磬ֶܳε飬Ϊ޵½ܵĻʷǳǳƾãҶѾںϻĵ
һ磬һĵǾһɱ䡣Ӹ棬µĵ;֣һЩڤվ޵ߣܹͻơɱĻ磬ҲǼˣҪڻﵽɵ۲ΣǾǲܵġ
ֻ򣬲ϣɵۣΪ߹ƶߣջ߹򡣻߹ҲǴһλɵƶġ
ԵĻ磬߹ɵƶ
ڵľԣԼĵ;øһЩҲǣΪԺԼܹɵ۴խĵ;δӰԼɵۡ

ӣأ
һȺǿ޵ߣǷСΪߣص󣬸Ŷʮڤվ޵ߡЩڤվ޵֮󣬸дﾳ޵߸档
Լش󲿷ּһˡ
ӣغδȥһСĿȷǣҲӣصǣӣڵĳС
ӣصԴûȤĸг̶ȣҲӣǿԴõģ黯Լ黯
ӣ˶֪һȺ˽ӣأδһе޵ȥءΪ塣Щڵ޵ߣ㳲ҲһȺġ
ͨ裡
ûʱ䣬һȺ˱ǵǵ֮ڡ
ˣǰӴУе
صǣҲǷǳӴġڵ޵ߣơ
ৣ
һӰϿգ·ĳС
ٺٺ١
ƥӣСһɱϷĺҪֻ֣ܹõ޷յıЩȾָģ𺣬ת
䣡̧֣嫵
£ȻĻһ޴ӡ¡
ڣתһĻڣֵǾ޴ӡ
ڽʮĹĻ󣬲ڽӡֵ
ǱӣӪôãȻҲвġסιܹġֻԸһˣӣԲٿ󷨣ܣҲûһսĿܡ
ǣһˣжʮڤվ޵ߣʵӽֻһܿڤվΡ
꣡
¡¡
ǣһ֮ڸۡڵӣˣȫһ
սӣϢһȷɳۡ
ڤվ޵ߣ
ۡڣϰﾳ޵ߣҲ档
ӣϿյͳ
ӣС֪Ӹ£·ӣˡ
һڣ
֮λ޴ǣҪӣңαضһôأӣЦЦݿɬ
ߣɱҶȵʱ͸뵽н죡ɲԼٿ¼
ҽڣҽڿϾʱѾˣ
ӣЦЦֶһ¸˵ȵʵȻҧһ㡣
ˣ
ֻ֪ҸŹӣҡӣʵ
һת
黯黯ܴӣϡҲųЩӣ׽ϡҪɱҲֻɱӣһˡΪ黯һУ˳õЩǵҲһɱӣõˡ
ô£߹ӣĸۡչеľԣܵ˿ռ𶯡
뿪䣬ʣüͷ


2119 
ŴȺǿߵִ֮ǰԶԴ²֪顣
ӣδǰ뾰ԽӴἰ£ӣͬû˵
һǾһֱչڶӣΪȻսܹƥһЩڤվǿߣȻһڤվǿҲû塣
ԴʱԸ֪ռ𶯣ӷڳϵӰŶȻһ
ӰһǴռ䣬ӣĸۡ
߹ӣӣߡ
ӣɫҲѿڿԺǿһЦݡ
ֵܡӣԾԵ˵ͷ
߹ӣô£ʣʵ
صӣսǸ״ɱȵ״˲ǹҪɱȵʵӣҶ֣ȵֻǽڰˡӣ̾˵
ӵҲڸǿԹû˵Լܱܲסûκΰա
˫ü
ϳڻҫǴڲٰһöھʯ֮۵
ѵС⡯һ¡
ͻȻսӣҶ֣Ի֮ۿйϵһҲ̫ɺ˰ɣֻǡΪ֪֮۵ίзӣǴڲܽίзϢй¶ȥ
̧ĿʣпתȷӣҶǲΪۣ֮ȷʵбȽϴĿԡ
ӣãҿԸһᡣͶԹԹرճ󷨡ҿԲǣµЩԱҲһת˵
ӣأͨǣӣҾӪܻǺǿġӣõƴֵҲһЩ鷳öԷ־ܣǣʱۡϸһǣ˱㽫жһ̽һ顣
˼ǣҪ¾ӣЦ
رճз󷨣־ܣ
ʲô
˵ǣɵʱرգԼһȺǿ޵߶Ͷˣһл˵㣿ı⣬ֱǣʱǽʧȥеķ
ҿ˼ǾԲܷŹԼˡԼߵˣŮЩſͣ¶޷ӳɱ¾
Ѿ˵úӣãԹͶҿԷŹھ顣ֿôǱ㽫ѪɺӣҿԱ֤ӣκιϵˣܻ뿪ǡУ֪мòڣһӲɱڵв˵
ӣ÷Ц
ӣȻʵôûų̶ֳȡãȻӣңֱǡӣǵס㣬Ҳ㸶һĴۣӣ
֪Ķ
֣ɱӶֱۡ
䣡񱩵Щڤվ޵ת
֮ϣַ۵Ĺ̿ϷնȾɫ嫵ܣЯɱ⽵١
ۣ
꣡
˲Ϣ֮䣬Ĺǵķ֮ϡ
ӣ߾ڤվ޵ߣӰɢ⼸ڤվ޵ߣ߾ȫĲٿس󷨣ֵϿյĹ˸󷨣ٿع󣬶Ͽչ
ֻǣǵҪֵһȺˣǲܵġӣǣҲһ㡣
ʵҲˣδʱ䣬ǵķȱڡȱһ֣һͬǰ޵ߣ׺ݵĴȱڳ뵽֮ڡ
УдֻɱһЩʵϵ͵ﾳ޵߶ѡߵڤվ޵ߣһûֻһˡ
ȽеģһȺﾳ޵ߡǽк󣬱Ƿƻ޵߽ɱһӣۡľӣһߣȫߡ
Ǿﾳ޵վ̫ˣǱǲһУҲֻסߡ͸̶ʱڣ˴
죬ץסǼСӣǼӣõáӣùϵ׽ˣȻ׽޷׽ģ㵱ɱһﾳ޵ߣ˶ӵӣá
̾жﾳ޵߳˹
СſͶϢվСǰ˫һģһεĲƵⲨƣ˲Ϣӵǰһϡﾳߣֱˤڵأκ
С㣬ߣǱ뿪ǡλ޵߶ٵС˵


2120 ɷ
Сҧűݣһ˫Ŀڲɱеӣ
¸׶ֳ뿪
С㣬ٲ߾ˣ
ҵֻܴ;С뿪ٶĻҲסϢˡԽԽ١
еķأƫ꣬ϢڳңбȽϴսС;Сǵġ
ȥǾ˵ˣʱѾԽԽע⵽ӣЩáڤվ޵֣߳Ҳء
䣡
ʱ򣬲Զһɿֲܲ
ǾС㿴ĵľӰ
ʱֱչֱֳ׽׽ҲϲεķѾ׽Կʹá
žһնɱȥһ⣬ֱӾ͸ɵﾳεߡ
ʵֱǿˣС˵
ǡҲ޷ıʲôصʵʵ̫ǿˡǿܶԸڤվε޵ߣ
ৣԽնɱʮﾳεߣ߹ӣߡ
ɱߣ϶ҪӣֵߡӣſͣȻҪȱӣİȫ
߹ӣҵռ䡣һת˵
ӣǬ磬ܸΪſֽŲɱˡ
ӣ񣬵ӦҲܿ죬оһʱδκεֿѡžԡӣӰһʧ٣Ѿ˾ԵǬ֮ڡ
С㣬ңȽҵռ䣬ұ㰲ȫֿԶС˵
С㡭üȰ˵С뿪ǡ
֪Ժǿɾһοأ
鷳ˣС㵹Ǹɴúܡ
Լ߰ɣǲݻ٣һţٻС㿴
СԶ˵ʱѾųСתƵǬ硣
ӺһȺۡľ֮£Ҳ˾Խӣռ䣬Ƕžƶ۰Ͱ͵žԡ
͵һ°ɣԹ˱ϾӣĶӣӣԼ
Ƚҵռ䡣ԶԶ˺ȵ
л˴ϲ
Ǭ󣬾ɳ׽裬һַС̫һҫĿĹŲϱһﾳھԵ׾֮¡
Եı뺷ܿڤվߵע⡣
Сһɫ۵ڤվ޵ߣ˾ԣӳдѷдԡ
ھתӣ˵ʱ򣬾Ѿע˾ԡԱֳǿսҲԲڤվֻﾳ۷ΪԵǿ֮ķͷڤվ޵ߣԵı׽ϲη
ֻҪܹɵԣôͿԲѴ֮׽ӣõĸãܵõϷھϣиԴٶȣԣڤվſԼᡣ
Կڤվ޵߿ٽӽһ٣Ŵˡ
쵰ٶ죡һߵڤվ۷޵ߣҡҡͷЦ˵
˵ڣǳԵڤվ޵ߡ
Ҳڡ
ȻսǷǳɫٶȣڤվ޵Ƕġһڤվ۷޵ߣҲ޷ٶȣյҲЦ˵
ʱȵǿڤվ޵ߣûжֻ֣ϣ·ɱ龰
ǸӣصСһսЩѽǿﾳ޵ߣɲķ׾ƺѾǳˡһ΢̾
Сеķڤվηɣһﾳ޵ߣȻҲϷҲдġü˵
һڤվ޵ߣϷӣݣҲֻһϷһﾳ޵Ϸȷʵ˳Ծ
ҲĿƵĶžԡ
ڣ㽫ӻɱĶȸҿһ꼰
ס꼰ɷĻӦ
Сӣղɱúʹ찡꼰ֽ󣬿һȣɨžԡ
ſʼѣúܣ˵
֪ߵغĶϷ꼰ϢᣬӿжһڤվϮɱȥ
Ҳһͺȡ
¡
׾ʩչ߸˹âС̫һȦڡ


2121 һкɱ
޵ʩչһ㶼Ҫʹضķ
ͱ羰ʩչ׾ʹ׽ԣʹñ׽ҲԡȻˣʹǿķԴǿĹ
һЩȽķϷķϣôܷӳһһڶܡ׽׾ϣҲܴԵĹ
Խ׾ʩչ߸ȦܵĿռ伫ŤǿϸܿռΪ̫ȶ־ģ
ھʩչ׾֮ǰڤվ޵ѾԾԷ̵ʱڽɱõϵıһ֣ȫԸˡֱ֪ӹעڣΪ˷ܺͼ
ڤվ޵ߣóյǿڤվ޵߱Ƚ϶࣬ڸŲǰС
ʱ˿̣ںúñֵʱ
ķ۳һƬĻʵɫĻȴĭɡһУǿɱСڰ𡯡
˻˻
ֻǣǿĺڰȴ߸ȹҫѸٵʧ
ʲôԭıϣ¶ɫ
ֱ޷Լ۾龰
Ես׺ɱЩͨﾳ޵߶ɣܹһɱüﾳ޵ߡﾳﾳԼڤվ޵ȣΪԼ֣չֳǿĹֶΣ㲻ֱɱԣҲӦÿشԡ
뵽Լĺڰھʩչ׾֮£ֽһ㲻һ
˭˭ڣô֮ǿﾳ޵ߣڼҪ
֮УҲһЩﾳ޵ܹڤվ޵ƥУǴеġݵڣû˵һﾳ޵߿ڤվ޵߲ɱ
ٵģȴƺһʵԽﾳ޵ߡ
ɶ񣡡Ѹѹе𶯣ӰѸٺ󳷣Ѿܵ߸Ȧܣ߸׾γɵĹȦһֺǿҵΣС
óյٶȼ졣
ֻǡ
ԵֶΣܹġڼ̵ʱ֮ڣڵĺڰͱڵ߸ֲȹȦٿס˳еڡ
һ㣬ֳ˾ԶԷĲٿһڤվ޵ߣ޷׵ƿ̶ֳܵķ
ڲҽ
뺰Լ׾ɱ֮£仰
ʵϲҪкѾߵע⵽˾ԣҪȻҲɱԺȽȥ鿴
ڤվ޵ߵĺڰٿҲ΢΢һ㶣ҲʶڲǾԶ֣ǷſȥԮʱ򣬾Ϳ߸ֵڵͷ
С˭һͬʱڵĲҽʹ
ע⵽ɱڹ̵޵ߣڳԲ١룬Ǽǿڤվ޵ߣ鶼ڱɱ˺ܴı仯
һлɱڣ
һﾳ޵ߣָɱڤվ޵ߣ
˵ʵĿụ̀ǶʵġЩˣʶԡ֮ǰעĻ˵ϤģҲǼӣߵڤվſ͡ɱڵﾳ޵ߣûнǵߡ
£ڤվ޵ȷʵҲỨ˼ȥעﾳ޵ߡ

ҫǣĸۡһ֮С
λˣ˫֣վһƬ˸ĹĻ֮ǰĻ෨֮γɣڲֳһ档Щ棬ӣڷ龰
첢һˣߣӣ졣ȻдµĲǿڤվſ͡
̸ţӣǰֿܹã˵յʱ䣬˵һʱ䡣ʱģҲһʱʱ䡣
ǰһ̣ڲɻĶԸ״һ⡣
ƣΪΪһϷʦڵĶӣ֡ѵǼϷʲôĵطɣ
ڲѾ³ӣҶ֣֮йءѶѯǼϷίзǼűԳҫѯʡ֮󣬽ʱ䣬رӣս
һУֻɺô򵥡
ȻˣڲˣûΪԼй¶ǼϷίзӣŵӣұҹʲôε˼ֻƣǼϷΪű˶ǳȤΪ˻ϧóһöھʯƷίзϢ


2122 еӡ
ڲε޵ߣȷʵ̫׿֮黯һС
Ҫ֪Բ鿴֮۶ûʶϢǱű߿󣬼ű߲Ŵӣܽһ黯һǿż߶֮ĵطűʵҲȷֻΪпܣֿܵĴڣֵȥѾԴƴһˡ
˻
ҫۡڣһƬ
ڲǵԲԼ۾ŵĿŻе龰
˲ʶԣʶ֪޵ߣӣһҫǵǸһ
ʱ΢ɻΪӣôʱҲδ롣ڿ˹ȻǷͬһ㰡
˭
ǣдǿﾳ޵ߣ
ӣõſͣǵ޵ߣ
̫ˣһɱڣ
ڳڤվ޵ߣ׷׿ڡ
״ˣʶˡ˼㲻ӣõſͣҲһӣкĹϵڲ˵
ŶתĿڲ
еˣҲڲ
֮ǰֵϣӣһġʱӣΪжž⣬һ֡û뵽˵ʵǿ˳̶ȡ仹ﾳΪսѾԽ󲿷ֵڤվ޵ˡڲ̾˵
һɱڣսȷʵһڤվ޵ܹƥеġͷ˵ֻǣ֮ǰΪûκأҲδ˵ӣôһ
ˣ᲻ӣøոſͣһʵ
ȷʵпܡֻǡӣһô˰֣޵ߣﾳڤվҲҪĴ۲ü˵
ϧˣ޵ߣҲҪˡҡҡͷ
ǰȻʵǿߣжʮڤվ޵ߡʵǿܵסڤվ޵ߣһſ̾Ϣһ
쿴˿ڳˣаǲ֪պյڤվǿ߼űߡ
ûа仰˵
Ȼʱûڻпűߣ²⣬űһĿܾǲԶĵطսűߵҫѯʣ˵ǼϷΪģǼŴܡͨϷüű˷ġ
ȷʵЩϧ㷢ִˣԽӣڹһϧı顣

ϾǣϾۡ
޴ĵеʯϣϷϾ
֮Уͬŷ۵Ļ档
ϾûдӣҶӣս£ĬҶӣҵս
ǹעһȫԳƵս
ŴȺǿߣɱӣغѾ·ķۻ档
ʼգľ϶ûʲô仯ݴﵽΣһӣСظѾ̫ˡսɵģӣУҪҲ֮顣һǲⰲţܹ˽ڡ
УͬжӰվ
󷨱ˣ
صڶﾳ޵ߣɱС
ӣӣҼǱƣиܶγʲôֿ
ӣõǹǿӲģܽѾƵ󷨣ʵڤվ޵ɱʱû¶ࡣ
Ǽǿڤվûгˡµڤվſͣڼƻ󷨣
⼸Ͼµĸ֣š
ţ쿴
˭ˡƺֻﾳΪδ̤ڤվ
ʲôôģһͻɱǸڣʶڣȻսڤվ޵вǿóյܲȻһֱӻɱǷʩչķƺ׾
⼸֣ٿһ飬Żеľԡڷŵգۼ䣬Իɱڡ
Ͼ΢΢һ£ɫ˫֮УһĨĹʡĿ⣬ڻоԵϡ
ԷĿƣﵽĳ̶ˣ˭Ͼһ䡣
ڳˣϾ仰
ˣˡǸӣľԡŮӣϾ˹˵
ŮӣϾ߸鱨ˡǰѶϾԼӣϾԮͨŮӴġ
ԣϾüеӡ


2123 õ
ϾȷԼǵһ֡
ӣǰ
˼תϾˡڶʮǰӣѶϾǣ˵ڣһﾳ޵ߣſڤվս
ʱǣѯӣûʲô취Կ׬ȡھʯӣԾᵽȪߡȪߣҪȻȪ߿ҪõϾ׿ϡ
ӣӦԾһ£ΪλҲǺܸߣ̫ףֻȾϾԾԵӡ
ˣʮǰӣôѶ˵ﾳΪڤվ޵ߵս֮һ˽ԣϳˣӣľԡŮӻ˵
Ͼ˵ͷ
ֻǣӣ˵ﾳڣڴﾳ۷ΡŮ˵
ڴе༸ˣźŮԣҲǴϣҲ׺ŮӶϾ˵Ļ
һɱڵﾳ޵ߣʮǰƺֻﾳڡڣѾﾳ۷ˡٶȣ޷
ʮʱ䣬ﾳڵﾳ۷壬ܷܿ
Ŀܱǣʮǰӣý˵ľŪˡǵǲΪӣûѱϢ
ϾһֱûдӻоԵ뿪
ʮǰ֪ԣʱҲû̫⡣ﾳ޵ߣڤվʵϾΪӣϢӦһĿųɷ֡
ڿȷʵͬһ㰡
ʮʱ䣬ʹﾳڴﵽﾳ۷壬һɱ˱㲻ڡսڤվ޵УҲǳ͵ˡܹ̤ڤվǵжǿ
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ݵ֮УǿʢҲսӣ±Ƚ⡣
ǿ壬ӣȻһͨ壬ڱȽȶݵ֮ڣ֮սϾǺٷġսЩҲҲʲô
һնɱں󣬱̽Щ˵ߡһʱ䣬ڲ̽ھԵϢμٴڲڤվ޵ߣҲѾϳԵġ
ǣӣõĸۡ
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˵
ǺǣСӺֶΰЦĿžԡ
һһ㣡԰ڰ֣˵ϣ̴µ޵뿪ӣءһսĿǰΪֹ˫һʧܾʹ˰֣ôʧͻڿԿƵķΧ֮ڡ
ⷬʱЦ
ߵĲڤվ޵ߣҲŷЦ
Ե飬ǿȷʵǳĿЦ
Сӣðģ
ΪƾﾳΪܶô˵ɱں󣬶ԼʵõİЦɫѹֵŭ⣬ž˵
ֻΪ˴Ҷöѣȥôĺܻƫ󡣡ԵĮ˵
ãܺãôҵҪﾳСһôúƫҵʲô£óҿĿɱ
ôܻΪԼ仰ʹùģ
ң˳˵˼ҲǲġԼ޷űⳡսĲٿšˣűҲ
Ѿ𣿡Ե
˭Ը֣ⲻ֪ߵغСɱûмԾ˵Ƕߵڤվ޵ʵ
ˣɣǺǣһ㣬ϴαչƺҲѾǧ겻ֹˡһɫ۵ڤվ޵ߣǰ̤һĵ˵
ˣſʵǿ֮һ
ͼڤվ۷ǿߣѺܽӽսûʲô
Ǿͼֵˡͼ˵ͷСе죬ͼֵܣɲΪﾳ̫Ⱑ
֪ͼͷ
Ŀһתԣ΢΢˫ֻ̧һµѹ֮ռ䣬һ˺
ߣԿͼһۣһתٺ󳷡
һΪʲôĵأˣˡͼת󳷵ľԣЦ


2124 ո
ͼΪߡ
ôģҲһ˼ﾳϾֻﾳȻܹɱڣʵȷʵǿ
СӣΪӵõ𣿡ͼЦһž׷ȥ
ף
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ǣӦԶݲǣɴʱȴǣԵķй켣Ҫ뿪ǵӡƺųɱҵĵطӽ
ڣսǺܲҵġ
ӣۡľ֣Щ߿⡣ӡӵµſͣҲۼһʮλ޵Щɱ߹ӣµһ¹ﾳ޵ߡʵ̫ˣв˵¡
ͷӲ
ɣ
ﾳߣΧһɱһ¹ĵǰ棬ߣֻǿ
⼸ﾳߣȻԶһˡ
ǸŮˣȿϵģһǿɱɱˡҪȥúһһﾳָ޲аЦ˵
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ʱһµβȻ١
βǴһ˿ٷйһɱߡӽֱһʩչ
ڻʱ򣬾Ҫʩչ깥ҪС̵ĸ֮󣬾Ѿȫʩչ깥岻Ͼ쳣ǿڹϣҪȽСʩչʱɱ
Щﾳε޵ߣȻǱȽǿҪֵסԵУﾳ۷޵ҲҲ١
кɨŵﾳߣ㶼·𱻽סǵĹͬʱжϣֱͦͦĵ˵ϡǵ棬ûκεơ
ƴֵһˣһûӦʶЩȫʧ
ǱԼûмӽһǣֻԶԶ˵һ
һˣתĿеľԡ
Ǿ
ɱЩߣ
ûгְôģһǣɴ۾žԣѾת䷽򣬱һֲս
ۣ

֮ЩﾳߣԱɱꡣ
׷ԵͼҲţûԳ֣Щصﾳ޵ȴӶıɱ
ʲôֶΣ
ͼһŭȣָе
һƣٿ֣֮ŷеľѹȥ
Ըоǿѹһ𣬿Цһ
ȫ㣡Ӱһ۷ɲǼ㵽ͼĲԶ
Уûֱʩչ׾Ƕͼһ깥
ŭеͼֹȥɱЩﾳ޵ߣо΢΢һǿֲʹϯԺǳ˶ݵĿհס
깥ѹЩﾳ޵ߣϢɱˡͼʶЩﾳ޵ġ
Ϊڤվ۷ε޵ߣͼǿȵȻЩﾳܹȡݺݵһ˦ͷǿס˾ԵС

ɽţһ˺ѷεŭΪסеͬʱ㿴߸ȦԼͷȵϢ·Ҫ
Ĵ߶ֵɻһһȫǵĲҽУͼ׾֮˲Ϣ仯Ϊ˷ɻҡ
ⲻܣӶҪˡ
뿴ͼŰɱԵģڿԲϻɱﾳ޵ߵʱͼͼסԡͼȷʵˣƺǳɹˡֳɹ䶼ͼ˾ԵС
һУ˾Щá
һﾳ޵ߣת˲ɱһڤվ۷ε޵ߣ
ݺݵһתĿ˿ߵˡߵǿߣһһɫѿһĻⱲӶûƵĳͼϤ֮ΪǿģͼʵҲڲ֮䡣
ͼﾳΪľԣȴǱ˲ɱ
֮󣬱һǿҵĺϯȫ
⾿ðĹʵѵӦϲǿ߲е
깥깥ֶΣϣһпԴ߶ֲ깥ľվߵһڤվȻʲô


2125 
ͼڱԻɱ֮ǰĴ߶йݵͣ٣ʱȻ̣˶ע⵽һ㡣
ٽǰɱﾳ޵ߣּ󣬲Ʋʹ깥ֶΡ
깥ҲǷǳĹֶΣҪʹֶΣ̫ˡڤվ𣬶Ѵﵽ깥
깥Ҫ㹻ǿ壬Ҫǳڻ磬ҲҪС̸ʩչ깥
ʱע⵽Ե깥ܶͼӽϵǿӰ죬ǿȵ깥ĺܿ¡ȴڤվǣжϾʹ˿Է깥ı
ſ͵仰Ŀе𺳣˲Ϣ˻ȡ
깥һı
һıֵѾȥܹӰ쵽ͼô˵Ｖǳߡܵõ
תϢôһ깥ǶֵԼһ͵սˡ
ɱ
Сӣˡ
ӳǺֻʱĳһ󷨷ϣһֱʿšʱ̲סˣĶ󣬺ȻǾԡ
ֵģ߰˸ڤվε޵ߣֱӽ԰ΧǶ֪깥
Եѣӣһ䡣
Ҳ˾ԻɱͼḶ́ӶЩ¡
ӣҵļһϣԾչֲֳʵڤվ޵ߵսҲʿһĵסﾳΪ޵ߡʱ˿̣ˡ
Եôﾳ۷ˣ
ԵôϢͻɱﾳ޵ߣ
ԵȻɱͼͼϲԶ˰ɣңһɱͼ
Ͼǣۡ
ϾĿҲԲˡ
ǿſ֮һͼϾҲ֪ģҼֹһΡˣϣ̤ϲεģսڤվ޵Ҳǳ͵ġͼȥ׷ɱԵʱҲ֪ΪΣ΢΢Ľƺ¾Աͼɱˡ
΢Ľֻ˺̵ܶʱ䣬Ϊͼһ͸ɵˡ
ļʶ޷šƿһݣУŲľ͸ˡܹնɱ۷ڤվ޵ߵﾳǵһμ
ˣǲʹ걦ﰵͼŵֵģһߣͳ˵
Ͼҡҡͷû˵
ӦǰɣҿͼԾ׾ʱ򣬳˶ݵʧ񣬵޷ʱʩչֵԵĹűɱһ˵
ڳļˣ΢΢ͷ
ǴˣϾˡ
Ŷ˶Ͼ
ʲô˼ѵǾԻֱӾһɵͼӽϵǿߣ
ȷʵͼֶΣȴʹ걦ǡ깥ֶΡƾģԼϾ˵
ôܣ
깥ֶΣ̫ˣڣû깥ֶε޵ߡ
ǰһ˵깥ﾳΡ磬жǿʩչ깥Ҳܴɱﾳ޵ߣֱӰͼɣ
ڵļˣҡͷ
ǺǡϾЦһ
̧֬һֱۣǰ΢΢Ӷһ¡ǰĿռڣ֮㸡ֻ档⻭棬ǸղžԻɱͼʱľǻطŵĻ档
ϸϾ˵
˶濴š
沢ɱͼĹ̺ܶݡ
ڳˣ۾Ź˿ϸںÿ˵ıžͱˡ
̫ˣ
⾰ԡһֱ˰ﾳˣ̤ڤվҪ
޷ôģ깥ﵽǸ̶壬ѵһڤվǿ
ڴеˣϾߵǿߡ¿ɱͼĹ̺ǱȷԲʹ귨ˡΪУֻǳʹ귨ǿ϶ȽóСǳ귨ڳ˶ȷȻǿҲֻϲε
ˣǷ֣һȺڤվ޵߰Χ˾ԣԿǵסŮӿϾ˵
޵ߣǱɱ̫ϧˡҪģ֮ڡܹܽΪұۡ
ϾЩ⶯ȷʵҪֵͷˡ


2126 
ڲֵɣ
ܹҵġ
ҪȥһˡϾ˵ʱڿռһһͳ涴֡
ռ˺Ѻγɵĳ涴һִ̱Ǹ
ǱȻ߲Σǿ޵ߣҲܹ涴гմ󡣲ǿ߿ˣǱȽǿڤվҲܹ涴д󡣵Ȼ涴ҲҪľ˵
ϾִǺ󣬾ѾɱһȺǣĶžԹɱͬʱҲǷǳСĵĽ䱸깥͵Ϯֻǽ䱸Ҳη塣˶࣬깥͵ϮܶԸǷɢ͵ϮôƱػή깥
ôһͬΧɱΪοԺɾͽԡʵȴٴθݺشһΡ
ǳȷԼղŵһι׼ȷĻ˾ԡǾԣֻǱɳȥת˲Ͷ뵽ս֮УֱǺӡ
ֲ̫ˣ
ȫһڤվ޵ܹסĶû٣˵ֵǿҲסĹܡ
ɾƫƫסˣõ
ʱԱӽʮڤվ޵ΧɱҲ޷ܼĹϺܸߣҲ޵еġοڤվ޵ߣĿǰ˵ȷʵһΣҲܴܴ谭
Ծͷſˡ
д߶ʩչ黯ռһطľˡ˵ĹȻǿ黯ռĵֻʣҡҵĹܣھʩչеϣ䲻˵޹ʹɾشȷʵ١
ԱĹڿռڲϱɳȥȻ̬
ˣӰˣƾȫ֣ɱɾɱԡ˵ɱˣþ˶
ƾʵǿᣬ´ʱҪˡ
黯黯
ǸһεĵطǼű߾ط
۾Ķžԡ
ӣսΪľ黯黯ʱ黯ھԵܣ黯Ŀռ䣬úٷְȷʩչ黯һ򶼷ǳֶΡ
黯޵ߵķɴﵽֲĵز
֮ǰˡһΪӣõõ黯²Ͽ黯ڿ黯صģδ̤ڤվСӡǼ黯ӦҲСóġӣ黯һǿµż
ûϵȻʼŪˣⲻӰű۾Ŀ˸˷ܵݵĹ⻪
ɱӣ黯ϡű߸
пЦҲɱ˾ԣСӷ̫ˣֱǴڿҪɱԣȽꡣ
ԣͻ
̶ֳȵķĵ϶ࡣһﾳ޵ߣж洢ֻҪĹ⣬ȻҲնɱˡ
ɱȫӣؾ콫նɱһ
ڱⲻϵĺ£Ҳ˽ࡣʼʱ岻ϱɣӰַӦѾҵĻˡ
Ŀʼ
һɱаתͷ
¡һαɳȥ󣬾Եڿռڵһξ롣
һסκ΢һ£˲Ϣ䴩׵ľ룬طһڤվ޵߱ȽϽӽ
ûκεĳɣֱӾһк˹ȥһ߸ȦŽ̿סڤվ޵ߡ
˸оһʹϯ֪Լ屻ˡʶĺ󳷲ʩչֶΣҪֵĹ͹걻ܵӰ졣߶ʩչʩչһЩ
ԾԶһ㣬ǻܼʱʩչֵɾԹӽȽϽķ˰ģȻס˲׾Դ߸Ȧҫ֮»ΪһƬѪ
Ϊ׵ΧԵľŸڤվ޵ߣʣ°˸
ȥһڤվ޵ߣǴһȻڷĹ
ʱΧеĵڶڤվ޵߱Ըɵ
ʮʱ󣬾Ըɵ˵ΧԵ޵ߣֻʣ
귨Ϊû߶˻ܿ߶ͿǰжϲӦԵĴʩ


2127 
ر⾰Ե˫֣ǿȥҲֻܿϷȻ깥
ʱȺ˻ûʶʩչ깥ȫƾ
Ҳܹǣίʵ깥޵̫ˣټϾֻﾳΣ뵽һﾳ޵ʩչ깥ǿ˸ǣǿܶš
ǴԵģֻҪݽߣҲ͵ˡ
ɾԵ·޾ڣļûСÿһγ֣Ȼӿȡ
һҽд
ΧԵľŸڤվ޵ߣĸҲɱˡ
ȥУ
ڤվſͱɱ⣬СݽߡУʧ̫ˡҧ
űС̫׺ˣɱڸļűˡ
ű߱ûֱӳֵģϾȻб׺ݣҲûӡϾûκκôȻǣȴһֱûûֱӳ֣ǼɵϾ
һȺǿ޵ɱӣأҲӦúɾܽӣЩ˵ģȴû뵽ᷢչһ
ű߹ۿ˳ڵսҲɱԡ
Ƿűŭһ
ಣűˣֱӾֵǵϿա
֣ǽˡ
ֵĻȻܻŭϾʱҲ˲ôˡϾŭôѡ뿪ݺˣõ黯ٵõ黯ǾǴӴ˲ݣҲȫֵá
űеӰɫһæĺһ
Ҳע⵽ͻȻֵˡ
ڤվǿ𣿡Զżűߣͷת
Բʶűߣűһͼ乧ļ񣬺ȻűվһߵġűϲǿߣԴ˺ܻܿĲٿš
һ
Ϊűߵĳ֣սڼɱе˫޵ߣ𽥵ͣ֡
ߣű߿һۣϢڷһߣϵıԣǳĲ
ȻҲ֪һ㣬æ˵űСȻֻﾳΪ̫ǿˣȫһֱӻ˲
黯ȷʵǿңƺ˼ǿ巨ﾳΣܴﵽһǡܲű˵ⷬʱǿžԵġ
ǡűߣ
ô֣һġ
Ӧ뿪ݵôˣ
ӣ˿űߣһСʱȷʵܾ֮ƴֿǼսҲҪͷɺԵǿϣǿԽɱڤվЩſͺǵ˼ҲĻһսӣδػḲлϣ
ڼű֣߳еϣԨűϲε޵ߣȻ̤ϲʱ䲻Ǻܳűպգ˼ĺ¶Ρ
Ҳ˵ڵǣпܳΪűһǵĶ
ڿűߣӣõȫûͷ㾰ʵǿϾֻﾳΣڤվΪң̤ʱȻĹȴ޵еסֽӽϵڤվڼűóǿǰסá
ӣ̽ڼűߵһЩϢ˾ԡ
ǿȿֲ깥СӣļǷǷűЦЦžԡ
յֶΣű߶ĵۺ졣
¹ˣǲµûĻӣأӦֱӵĹϵɣԵͳ˵
ǺǣʵҶӣҲȤҸȤģ㣡ԸԹԱѹҵǿԲκɱ֡ȻˣΪŭǣҲпܡű߿žԡ
µ뷨̫һԸ𣿡Ե
ôҪ𣿡űһ
ű˵Ҫǣ޵߶ȫһǿ˵仰ǿֻ֮ѿڶģǼű˵ĻǾĻ
¾𣿡ǣĿк
ű߿Ц˼ΪƾһССﾳܹ赲ǣֹɱеˣ
űߵȻΪԵʵҲòˡȷʵǿɱϾоơɱڤվ޵ߣҪǷ깥ڳ湥ϣԻԶأ


2128 ֻͻ
ԿԳⲻܹűߵĹܽҪּΣɽɻɱ
巨黯깥Ȼǿ󣬿Щм޵ġޱͱƣôҪɱҲǺܼ򵥵顣
¿ԿЦһ˵
űǰ˿ӦýʬΡҧгݵ˵
µڤվſͣھеģϿʼʱˣһˡʧ
޲ɱԡļһӾʧ֮һûԴָܻ
ҪɱԣҪǿ߼űֲС
СмּУű΢΢һһ
΢΢ǰ㣬һźɫĹα֡ɫ֮ϣֲ̺ܲŨɱ
صķ
źɫţĿӣȫҲǷڡ
ű߳ˣ
ڤվﾳ޵߳ˡ
оԵ޵ߣҪˣ
һЩǵۡڣϵĴƵˣԼű߳Ƕе⡣ȻҲԤϵű߻֣ǻҫǵĴڼˡ綼µűĲٿš
ܱߣʱѾкüλϲڤվ޵ˡЩǿߣҲֻ΢עһǷսһսĽУҲԽԽȤˡǶ벻һ֪ʲôطðﾳ޵ߣȻܹ赲סһȺǿڤվ޵ߡ
ԣЩǿ߱ȻǸעһս²Ľֻġ
ϾڿűߺɫҲ⣬δżš
ɣűߵͺһ
ɫţЯ嫵ĻԺȥ
¡
һ֮󣬾Եһ㵹ɳȥ
黯͹еĵӣҲǵסǿ߼űߵĹ⻹ǣԵ׾ʩչ˲Ǻɫŵܡ
ȣһĨѪҺĿһ
ǡסǿ߰ԵĮ˵һ䣺ﾳ̫࣡
һԵӰ˳
ǿĽأҼű֪꣬ɱ޵ߡһﾳ޵ܹסһģ⻹ǵһΣ
ֻǵһжѣֻһСӣǷܵסҵڶаɣű۾ڣĿ˷
ԵķԽǿԽϲãΪǴ黯ڷȷʵǿ
Եסűߵĵڶιˡ
ﾳϾﾳ
ڤվܱסˡϧûôֻﾳ
ţȻҪڼűǸɷǵС
ѵϾûעעˣϾ᲻ţﾳ޵ߣѵͲֵϾԾ𣿡
ȷʵΪϧϣϾܹ¾ԡ
䣡
ʱ򣬾ԵϣȴǱһǰǿ
һεУǴڤվεϢ
ӿʼ֮ǰԱֳľ磬ﾳɡʱϣڤվϢ֡ңһϢѸٵš
ͻƾˣ
ʵͿͻƵڤվˣֻһֱѹƾ磬һе·øΪһЩһҲٵȵȣܷȵǻȪ߿ӣ˵Ȫߣڤվ֮µ޵ߡﵽڤվ޷С
Ǽűߵĳ֣ȷʵھ̤ڤվڣ޷ȥˡﾳεľ磬ס㡣ֻһѡ񣬾ͻƵڤվΡ깥ϲεļű߶ԣԵҲʲôЧ
ʲôűסˡ
ˣһҲĿɿڴǶԾϵϢ仯һ㶼İ˲䣬Ǿ֪ͻƾˣﾳͻƵڤվΡ
ֻǡ
ڤվҲ˵ͻƾͻƵ
ӣˣȫ۾ֱĿĿžԡ
ڤվͻƵڤվһӣµڤվſͣ
⡭
һμԵѵʱֻﾳڡӣ˵뾰Եѽʶʱ򣬾ԵѻֻǵΡԵѣڳΪſͺ󣬲̤ﾳģӣ˵
һʱ䣬ƺŹȥʮɣӵ͵ڤվӣЩˡ


2129 
ӣõǲ֪ʵ˵ͻƣȷе˵Ӧǻָ硣
ڻ磬Ծ̤ƺƿߣҲڤվ
ϵϢʱţ޵ߣȫס˺
ڤվСӡȻڴʱͻˣűһ¡
ﾳʱս֮ˣôڤվľԣжǿűУͻȻԼƺЩ
ﾳڤվ׶Ρ
ű˻һڿ񱩵߶ǿķžԺɱ
ͼžԸոͻƾ磬δȹ̣ڤվϤ֮ǰɱ
̴ֻˡ
һ޵߸ոͻƾ磬ȷʵҪȹ̾ϤɶԾ˵ȴǲҪ衣ٿڤվ
ռ黯
У
׾ֱۻӶ׽һ޴ĽͷŶ׾۵߸ȹȦΧڽܡ
ɿµܣڿռھҵײϢγɷ籩ϯǡڳǰѾأܷӳķǳȵĲ˺ǻ¾ֱɱڵ޵ˡ
еӰ˺һξ롣
ӱϿűһν֣ѾԵ·ˡոջָڤվεľԣóļűƽɫ
סļűߣ³һžԵĿ⣬ŸӵĹ⻪
Ϊڤվεǿߣűݺݣպա죬ȴһĸոͻƵڤվ޵߶޷ɱԷ
֮ǰűԼҪ֣Ҳ¶档ֻˣɽӣΪƽءԳˣﲻҪĽ
һҲǿˣ߶ޣʩչҲԼյǿҲûܽոͻƵСѹס
Ҳİ
һ黯һǿߵżǺܿǿ߰ǿߣµżڣжٱǼó黯ӦֻǺͨһɣ
ɶ񣡿ɺޣűš
ȷʵľȥ
Уס΢΢һ깥
ָڤվκ󣬾Ե깥Ҳõ˴ȵʱУɾͲǸղžﾳʱܱȵˡ
εУϢĽӽűߡ
ţű߲ˡ
ôҲϲεǿߣ֪Կʩչ깥䱸
밵ңűһŭȡ
깥ҪﵽõЧǾڵûз¡һǰЧҪۿˡ
ΪԾ깥ܴǿűǰɵʱ򣬻ǶһӰ졣
߸ҫĿĹȦٴγ֡
Ҳûָ깥ܶԼűɶ˺ʩչžʹ߶˹С׾ȵֶΡ
飡
ű߱еĹӰ죬Խ׾΢Щ׼㡣壬бɳ֮Զϵ۶׾յЩڡȫ궼ֶݵĻ㱡
СӣϷšϷ򣬾Ź㡣űҧгݣ˵ⷬݻ֮󣬱Ҫ롣
ɱ˾ԡ
ڵɱȥܿھԵСűԸ壬ҲĽƻգ˿Ҳ졣ĵǺܶģһֱڡۿƲ˵
ˣܵô࣬ԼҪܲӳģͿԼ컯ɣ
һֱžԺͼűˣű߱ɳȥɫ԰ףڵĺԽԽǿҡű仰󣬱ǵˡǾﾳεʱ򣬶ܲϻɱЩڤվεˣʱﵽڤվЩǶ֡
ű㡭㲻߰æ󺰡
űˣЩǶҪˣ
ûõķԼǳ鷳Լɡűߵ
⻰ڶʱ˷ŭ֮ɫĻ쵰Ҫӣأôƨˣ쵰
뽫ű߸̻ˡ
ԿżűתӴܣҲûȥ׷ҪɱűߣʱȷʵѶȡűƴǾԵһЩպԷɼҪ뿪ԼҲĺֹԼոջָڤվȻûо粻ȵȱ㣬ɱϾǸջָ涼ûдﵽ۷ˮƽ
ԼűߣҲֻ뿪


2130 Ͼ
ǿǣľ
ǿǼű߰
Ϊļλڤվ޵֮һѾáɽǣôˣ
˿ӴԶеļűߣǿֽĿתǳϿյһӰϡ
֪ӴԺǿ޵УоԵ޵Ҳᱻˡ
ʵϣʱĿɲˡǴڼǻҫеĴˣɫҲѿúܡ
֮ǰǶڽ֮ίзϢ߼űߣûʲôģҶӣսҲǿһֵ̬ǿӣؿ϶군ˡǽӣίϷϢ˼ű£Ȼи֪ǴУװ׬ȡһöھʯ
һʺܻ
ɴʱ˿̣ȫ˲ˡͷЩѹ֡
ڼȻ֮ڣǿʢ֮һŴ󲿷ּǣնĽӣǾ֪Ǵڼй¶ϢŵӣսǾԺӣ᲻Ǵڼң
һǱڼεֵ
дȷʵԷӳǿķܷضá
סô죿ڲЩˡ
ǼűǾԵĶ֡ԽٻҫǣǴڼ˭赲
쿴˿Ӵڲû˵ΪҲ֪ô졣
ӣܿѾ²⵽ضӣսԭ򣬽ҲƲǴڼй¶Ϣ

űߣԼ뿪𣿡
һУűӰٷ֮Уһͻأ
תĿȥʱ򣬱㿴һɫӰڼűߵĸ
Ͼ
ݵϾ
ɫۣɫɫ˫վϾֱۣ̽Ż£һƬɫαǴ˷Ǽűߡ
Ͼű߿ϾĿ¶ŵɫ
˷ԶɫĹѹȶܸоĿܡ֪Ͼյǿ
֣ͣϾΪҪҳ֣űæС
Ϊζ֣
űߣѾ㣬ҪݺΪǣƺûнҵľ浱һ¡Ͼޱ˵
ӴԲɫ⣬ȫűڡۼűһУ޷ɫӴԲ
ϾϲڤվűҲϲڤվ޵޵ߣҲúܡڻ磬ƺƿ֮ʵͲܴκǳƺƿߣ桢ҲǳƺƿߣǵĲ
ϲεڤվ޵ʵҪȻĳƺƿ֮໹Ҫ
ϾȻǿվڸߴĴڣűֻǹȽǿһЩǿǺһġκ֣Ҳܴһʱ䡣
űߺС
ɫӴ⻷ת˲ѹһɫ㡣ű߼ĵֵǵס
ĿţԿһЩɫĹ͸˼űߵ壬űߵٵɢܿ죬ű߾ͳһʬ塣
ǿʵ˵һ䡣
Ͼʵûȫֳɱűߵֶοʵڻ磬Բȵһεĳƺƿڻ磬ĳƺƿߣҪɱκĳƺƿߣҲɱ
ݵϾӣԾ˵ϾҲݵ֮еǿ޵ߡû뵽Ͼǡ
ԴӣĴУһЩ˷ܵζ
ЦЦ
˻ɱ˼űߣǾͲõԺű߱ˡӣ˵
ʱȴǷǳĸˡ
üűߣ˵ʲôʱͻصӣƻоȻеļű߻ӣڴССв٣ô죿űߵһطɱ¾һȻ̾ߣҲû취
ںˣű߱Ͼɱˡ
һȺˣѾˡ
űǲǻǻһЩ̸еĳ롣ɼű߶Ͼɱˣûκˡȴǵģƺֻˡ
ৣ
ɫȹϾһǵϿգھ뾰ԲԶĵط
һ˫ɫӣžԣ촽ǣ΢
ԵѣϾ͵
ԿϾ
λòЩϢǾԣϾһ˿ϾòȰѩ߷ﶼ˿ĳЩطܻҪʤѩǡ


2131 
Ͼӣõȫ¹ı飬һȺˡ
ǰһ̣Ͼֻɱǿ߼űߡݣϾʵִ࣬ݵƽȣ֮ɱ¾սǽֹġŷսɣϾҲͲײ֮ˡ
Ͼһε޵߶ԣڶ༸ټضûʲôеҪԳҪң޵֮Ҳ治ȫֹûɱûô޵ߵҲûһ㣬κεطá
ԼϾԶϾ˹֡
ϾǣЦƺΪŨһЩԼòȻǾţЩǿǰʧ̬ҲǺܺԵı֣ȷ˾Ե궨ȷʵɫ
ԵѲݱ޵߰ɣ֪ǴӺϾʵ
Ҳôһ⡣
ʵҲƹݣЩɫ޵ߣ϶˽⡣һЩĺӣרŵԱڸٲҶԣȴ·ͻȻðġĸۡڣҲûйھԵϢ
һƫƧ֮ضǸطֶûУȫֵһᡣԻӦ˵
ǺǡϾЦЦ
žԵⷬҲûм׷ʡ
Եѣʵ󡣸ո̤ڤվѹϲεļűߡֻڤվڣʵҲǰʮˡϾ˵
ˣԲ֪Ͼ˵Щ⣬˵
ֻ˵ʵκοųɷ֡Եѣ֪ʱʱ䣬һЩϾɫ΢΢ת˵
Ŷ΢΢һ
ԭȷʵǺϾӴȪߡڣѾ̤ڤվչ޷ٽȪˣ»Ȫ߿ҲֻܸɿšܽȪߣԶϾ򽻵˼㵭ˡڣϾȴ˵Ļ
ϾʵҲˣڵԼܹġһоɱűߣԵĹС黯ռ仹깥ϾûʲôвġϾҲʮ˽⣬ڲȷ£ԾԼҪϾӡ
ˣȹգǰϾǰݷãԶһ˵
˼ãҾϾǵ㡣ϾЦ
ˣңϾƺߣ̲סˣ֪Լٲڡ
ĿǰֻϾܾԼˡϾǲ϶޷뿪ˡһȺˣͬʱߣвܹһԲܻǲˡ
ܼ򵥣ԿԷŹˣԲŹö룬Ҫɱ˿϶Լ
Ͼһתϡ
ضӣսûв֡ǰǣֱղҶûг档ΣˣȣΪһ𣿡Ͼ
Ͼȷʵûӣҵˣ֣ɱҲǼűԾҪǿߡ
ɫް
ˣһҪҰңҾͻˡʼˣļȫҪκˡ
ҲǣʱͲҪˣܻΪҪ
Ŀ
Ҳʣӣ֮顣Ͼҡͷ
Ͼ仰ϢΪήˣȴ΢΢һ
ԣӣ
ӣ֮飬ӣܷԼһǻҲɱԼɣ
ӣضӣսҲȲüһУǼűߵ⣬ǿߣǰҲû취Ҳ˵ʲôӱɱˣΪ˵Щȫû壬˭֪ǲļƻһ֡
ӣÿ˿ֿ˿ԡ
ӣأҪиˡԵ˵
ӣ˵ͷ
ǼűߣΪҪӣսӣֻһͨ壬֮ڵԴҲḻӣǰûеҵĵط֪ԭ򣡡ӣʵ
⡭ⶼǼ黯ڴڲֵϣίһ黯Ǽű߿²иǿ黯黯ԣõЩҶӣս˵


2132 ⳥
ĻӣȻԡ
ϷǾóģӣûû뵽һжǼϷġû֮۵֮ӣò֪֮۵ȻҲ
Цŵͷ
Ȼˣ֮ǰԤϡ
һУΪ֮ۡҲþף黯ͷӦöǷǳģһϷϷܱȡǼűҲ˷ѾĻ
űߺܹ֪֮۳ӣίУ𰸺ԣǴڲй¶Ϣ
Ҹô죿ӣҲòˡ
Ƿһǽնɱӣ޷ϣ
ӣϾֻЩСˣӱϾһֶܵǱʶϾϲ֣ƺҲϣܻš
һʵҲ
Ͼȫںһӣͨءǿ֮һӦûǻϣŵİɡ
ӣĴҲ˼Ƭ̡
ɱ
̲أ
ɼʱ̲أӣҵصס𣿻ԼӣҵʱزʲôԼѵһֱӣǲܣ
ӣҪӵסʵǲǼǧ꼸Դﵽġ
ңȻһԻòٵԴ˵δǺ¡
ӣ˴Դȷʵǿڤվ޵ߡӣұʵ̫ˣǿڤվ޵ߣҲѹסͺǼűһȫǱĩˡ
һ˵㹻ԴʱҲʲôǿ߳Ϊſ͡ſͣҳ϶Ҳ˵
ԼһطչôǿԽ˻ɵңԲҪһءزСԿһһڵأ治̫ϡҪģֻǸԴԼʵΪԸٵ
ܵǿǣҲĬĬעµķչ
ϾɱűߣҲúܶû뵽ġϾǾԵ̬ȣЩĥ͸
ԶڻҫǵĴڼңʱȹϵˡʹڲԼڼҪſͣѾβˡⲹȣȻܵȵɱҫ˵ԽԽá
ڣ壬ڹע̬ķչôڣһɾ޴𶯵顣ʵѾ䶯ˣűˣǿ߼ű߱Ͼɱ
̸̸ɣ˼˵һ䡣
һ㶣¶ϲɫ
̸̸ǵ˵Լܹˣ̸µľǾԶ֣̤ڤվľԳֻ֣һжסǿ߼ű߶ס԰
ֻҪϷŹңʲôҶܡһϲı˵
µſͣһҲϲǣԱסˡ
һжһƤƤæӵС
ƤϣһЩϡ
һݾ׾߲ĲϣѾڤվ޵׾߲Ӧò̫ˡֻҪвϣò˶ã߲׾ӦþͿա
һݲϣֵӦھʯҵӡ
ƤϵĲϺĿзżЩϹȻ󣬵Ϊе˵Ҳʲô
ݲϣ϶ʮھʯڣ͵ʱ䣬һԵǣƽĸۡסˣֻһΡ˵
ʮھʯ
ûü꣬˾Ե仰һĺݺݵĳȥʮھʯļҵףñաҪճ˶ھʯȻҪһЩıС
ſڣžԣջûּۻۡԼ΢¶⳥ִ̬Աֱӳ֣оõԶûʲôġ
Դˣһ룡ֻǣʱ̫̣Ҫճʮھʯֻҡܲıھʯµ˵
ҲԣԵûһҪóʮھʯбȽıҲһܵ˵ʵҪھʯֵֻһЩΪȻһ׼ֵЩıʱ㹻ھʯҲڶʱ򵽡
ɣס֮ڣ͵Ի˻֡
ɴ⣬žԹ󣬴»ŵſͣɥ֮ȮϿա
ԵѣҲȸˡҡϾǵ㵽ŶϾЦݣԾ˵
Ҳ֪ǲǾԵĴоϾƺζ


2133 սָ
вЩ̣λϾʲôԸ
һݵƹߣһʵڤվ޵ߣһλվŮӡ
ҡҡͷ˵һݷˣ
ৣϾ뿪
Ͼȥ֮ЩڰеǿߣҲ½ȥ˻Ҳ˼뾰ʶʶϾһܹѹƼűߵڤվ޵ȷʵֵýύһģ˼޵ߣҲûʱ¶棬ʱ̫ԡ
ֻܵԺһ뾰ԽӴˡȻˣҲ쾰ϵĶű߲ٿҶӣսԭ򣬿϶Ѿ֪ˡԵϣһЩǿ߶ۺĶ黯깥ڤվ޵ҲѻõĶ
Ȼ֮ģȴҲʱסû̫İܹӾлԼҪĶŪãǼű߾ǰ֮
ǵ󷨣֮֮ڣǱݻٵĽ
һսʧ޴󣬳ڵ޵߸ӣľҲһӡ
ڣһǹȥˡǻڣӣػڡҾһսӣصƿҲҪ֮ˡضꪳɳԺ˭Сӣأ
ԽӣļãǬת˳
ӣ˴Ǭ󣬶㵵ܡ
ǺܿͿ˸ӣǼλһֱӣߵڤվſ͡
һڤվſͣžСӰ߳ڤվſͣӣרŰھСߣ𱣻СġӣԼСŮȷʵΪϲ
صˣ뿪𣿡
ǡǰȫˣ
ȥˣǣסˣӵˣ˵
ˣԺҲַӣˡ˶⼸С˵
⼸ˣһתĿžԡ
ӣ¸ӣҴ˴鷳ҲûԤϵıǸԶӣ˹֣Ǹ˵
صսۣ֮֮óġ£ӣؾͲҵĹԣȷʵ˵ӣΪԼ˾޴ʧ
ǧҪô˵ӣϻ̳Ͽֵ˵
ڿɲٳƺֵˡ
һսʶ˾Եʵ
ṳ̂ڤվεʱ򣬾ԾһŸڤվ޵ߣлȼڤվӣõʵɲˡҲ˵㾰δ̤ڤվҲɱѾڤվΪҪɱӦҲһе顣űߣܲסԵĹ
ʱ˿̣ӣҶ˵ʲô
ӣȷʵΪ³ʧɸԺķչ˵ӣҶǷǳġһսӣԺݵλ϶ˮǴߣҲǿͶӣء
ֻǣ˵ΪԺӣҾͺסˡӣҵĲƸЩǿز̫ࡣҴϾ̬ȿ˶ԾҲкܴȤ˵ֱӽҲһ
ӣָɣûж˵ʲô
ˣ˵ٶҲûʲô塣
ԣָ޸󷨣ӣܿ´һսǿʼٵת

ǣǣ
ŴſͣصԼĸֱۡʱ¡㣬ǡ
ڣȷʵűȽϸߵݺ͵λһ£Ҳûܹвһս־ˡ
űλǿ߶ˣһڤվε޵ߣҪ˵ɱҲϡ档
µЩſͣͬûָ߲ˣһսСǣҲ㶼ûܻ
Ѽеھʯ֮ڣܹѼپѼ٣΢ָһЩ֮󣬱㿪ʼѼھʯ
óԸƤٿһĲϣƤϴϣĸۡھҵмֲϣﶼûдϵڵһЩҵ֮ǼֲҵǶ໨һЩھʯҲ뽫ݲϴ롣
Ըʱ䣬ɲҵȼȥǡԽ罫Դ׼ȥԽܰһЩ
ˣǸԵʲôﾳڤվ˵ͻƾͻˡҸͻڤվѹǿ߼űǡһʵڤվ޵ߣȻһŵı顣

һΣңˣɶ񰡣ǼűҪҶӣսȻĻʧ̾Ϣһҧгݵӡ


2134 л
ȷʵǻں޽ӡ
һսߵڤվﾳ޵˲أҪʮھʯĴۡ
ʧ֪ҪòָܻԪˡ
Ӷˣãһжˡ
ҫǣĸۡ
ͼſͣΪҵĽš
ˣΪҪǸӦþ硣ǿԣӦǰȥһſɫأͳ
Ǿ¾͸Ӧˡˣſͼ˵
˭뵽˭뵽Ҳڵúܡ
֪Ӧõסűߵѹ
˭뵽ݱ䵽һԭΪضӣսսܿܽӣظΪӣظ˿Ǵڼй¶ϷϢ֪
뵽һȺˣмűǿ顣Ǹԣǿס
׼ʮھʯԵлƺ˾
״ˣҪǸȷʵǿű߶ѹơҫǣг󷨷Ҳδؾɣڲ˵״ȥǣûг󷨵ĸǾһ
ڲûм˵
ڳˣ֪ڲ˵ʲô
ܲȥǸԣһ޵ߡʵ̫ǿ̤ڤվ֮ǿò˶ã绹ܼʱǻҫǵ󷨣Ҳ뵲סˡʱһоͶˡңȣҲõ
ȥǵİȫӦû⣬𣿡һ˵
׼ɣԺұǰǡϣһ˳һЩ˺ܶࡣ
ʮھʯ
ڼȻǿ֮һһóʮھʯȻЩ˽ǵġڼңûôСЩھʯóõ̫٣ֻǺǾԶԴڼҵŭƽϢ
ڲˣҲٶ˵ˡǣҲûиõİ취鷳ĿǰΪ׵ľǵ޴һԴ
л϶һ˸о顣ǰһѰ
ǰضţ㴾ڼȥҲӦò˳ЦңҲһ壬Ҳӣǰ
һ룬ƺҲͲôԽˡ
ʮھʯԴڼȷʵһӴ֣һЩõԴһһգһʱҲܴյó

¥ܲ
¥һӴҵǵ⣬ɲݡ¥鲼Ӵݵֻܲ¥ķ֧ѡ
ʱ¥֮ܲڣһЩ߲Ҳۼһ۵飬Ǹոշǵһս
Ȥĺܣ
ΪӣػḲû뵽ȴģ
ǸԵݱ𣿡¥ݵĸˣ΢ɳƵڷڻصš
¥ˣǾԵƺء¥ʱûܲƺƾճǵġһ˵
飡ϣȷʵдܡ黯깥黯ЩɲӦóһССڤվ޵ߵϡı󣬿϶иǲ֪Ķ¥Ը˵
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¥ĸˣһﵽӣңһԡĿǰȽύһ¿ɡ˳̽һ¿ڷ磬ǷܹΪ¥áԸ⣬ͺ˵¥Ը
λݵ¥ܲˣȻԵ˼ˡ
ʵϣҪԵĿɲ¥ܲһЩǿ֮УвٶƵۡ
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󣬽һʱ䣬ԿҪԲٴˡ

ǣɵĻָһЩݻٵĵطѸٵıؽ
ԣȻʱס߹ӣĸ֮ۡڡ
֮ս󣬾Լ˴ӻҫǰĴ졣쵽ǣûֱȥҾԣȼӣ
ӣ֪Ǵڼй¶ϢԴҲûҸɫ˵ףӣһ̫ˣһжžԡ
ڸ״˵ĸۡһ档ӣǰ˵
ȻԻƺԼֵܣӣĽвֵˡ
Ǻǣǲҿ϶Ҫȥҫġ۾΢
ôȥһ졣վ˵


2135 ӣҷּɣ
ӣۡ
ӣ봾죬ڸ֮ۡڣ̬֮Щ΢
Ƿǰӣ봾λǿʢ棬ȻӣСܻͽᣬܶǡʱӣĻڣȴǴӣ̸ϵҲʼմЦ⣬Լ侹͸ŵζ
˵ʵӣԴ˺ܲϰߡӣöԴ죬п϶ЩŭģǴڼһ˹أżӵӣսǾڣôӣҴʱȻѱΪƽˡ
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Ҳֵܱù׽֪Դڼ̬ȡڲȷԵ뷨֮ǰӣԼܶԴκεı֤
˸£һûһ̸Уˡ
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ȻǵһμԱˣҫǸۡڵʱͼ˾Ǵɱķĳ档
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Ҵڼصĸг̶ȣԶȣڼʱڣֻܴճʮھʯҽЩھʯˡ
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ʵһЩС˼ǲǿóһЩھʯڼ֮ǵС˼ûˣȻᣬվھǰȴǸоһɿµѹ֪ԵʵΣѹôֻþԲ׷ڼҵΡ
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ڻڣԺӣ̸Ƭ̣뿪ۡص߹ӣĸۡھʯĴǿȡ
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ף
״ˣ˵ɫЩ졣
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ӣɫһ䣬ѹں˵ʲôھʯ⳥ģ


2136 
ʮھʯ
ӣѵҪ𣿵ȻҪӣãԲҴЩھʯ⡣Եӣҷֶٵʱü
״ˣ֪ʵǿȻӣſ͵ݣӣǰûκλȨǣҹӣһսУӣҵʧ󡣳д󱻴ݻٴ룬ڽٲѵǲӦõõһЩھʯָԪ𣿡ܵͣǽⷬ˵˳
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סԵԼЩί
ʧĵطǶӡЩ֮ѵûʶʲôˣԵơӣңһֱάϵ뾰ùϵԺݣ˭ܶ˭Ҷӣң
ԶӣҵķչѵǼھʯҪӣ̾һ
ףҡ֪ˡӵͷϴ
ȥɡӣ֡
ڶ뿪󣬾˽ҲһλȽǿڤվ޵ߡ
ӣ˹֣¶һЦݡ
ˣ
Ҹղżɫѿ
̫ˣӣҡҡͷ˵ˡ
ӣԶӣ˵һ䡣
ЦЦҲû˵ʲô
ˣ¥ļˣת˵
Ŷӣüͷ̧һЩ
λǵ¥ƽʱӣҲ̬ȿһְ¥ǿֱӵĹϵ¥ǿʢǸ֮ڵ¥ֲˣҲȽǿƣһ治̫
룡ӣ͵
³˴εŰݷõԭǾλǲ̫ŵġ
ܿģӣþͼ˼һ֮󣬼ҪݻᾰҪĿľǼԣΪӣҵſֱͣȥԣ΢Եͻͨӣתһ¡
ӣԤϵԵ˵ȥӣĸۡ澰
˶лӣЦ
ȥӣĸۡûܼԣӣӣȥҾԡֻ˵һ仰ûʱ䡣
ܿصӣĸۡϢӣͼ
ɫʱͱЩѿΪԿ϶Լ¥ֲˣݵλȷʵ̫ߣʵҲѰڤվѡǣ¥ȻԾǿ¥ϣҲӦüһԼǡ
ǾֱӾܾˡ
˵ʲôʱûʱͣⲻдʣɲ㾰ǲûһʱ䡣
ˣҾȸˡɫǺָܿӣùЦЦ
ͼӣҲվ
زأ˵ţת첽뿪
ӣøۡɫٶҲЦ
صǵ¥̱֮óѶһϢϾǵ¥ܲ
¥ܲ¥ӵһϢҲ˸˼Ρ
˼е˼
ԣ¥ӶǾû԰ݷãǶ𣿡λò¥Ц˵
Ǻǣ˵Ǹ߰ءһ½ڤվԼλÿ̫ߣɲǺ¡¥ˣҲЦһ˵
Ǵһѵġڿ˰ȷʵǷǳģڤվڤվս˵ɣԺܻлᣡ¥ܲ¥ڰ֣̾һ
Ȼ˵ģ֮УҲû̫ӵӡ
սĵ죬ٴǡ
һǣƺƴҪӣҵġһΣԵЩˣӣҲһֺõı顣
Ȼǽ⳥ԴġԸʱ䣬ˡ
ĵԵǼˡ
ι˶ʮھʯһ׾߲ĲϡݲϣӦúܿܽ׾յǿΣ綥طһķȫŷԵսٴбȽϴȵȫ׾󣬾ԱѰһЩϷķȥ


2137 Զʳ
ԣֳǫ̶ȼֱᡣģ·޲ùھǰЬ
̬þԶʵЩԲ׾߲ϺͶʮھʯ󣬾ԱϽˡ
ӣԶӣЦЦ
ǷҪ˵ӣʵ
ţҴ뿪ǣǰϾˡ֮սʱҴӦҪȥϾǼϾġԵͷ˵
ӣδֳɫ
֪Կ϶뿪ġ̫Сݲ¾ǿߡЩѰڤվ޵ߣӣ϶ᾡȥԾĻ˵
ӣãƾʲôӣңʲôطܹסǿߡ
һ죬ˡӣֻ΢ε˵ôһ䡣
뿪ǣӣ£ǿԴѶҵġ˵
ӣ߹ӵĳȻǺܺãҾýܹΪӣصӦûиõķչ߹֮⣬СҲǺˣСƺ̫ںݣλҲûʲôȤԻ˵
ţסӣͷ
ԲҪӣһ֮λ߹ӣֻԼĿҲʵ뷨ӣӣУ϶иǰ;
ʮھʯʹˣھʯԴֵʮھʯӣӦõõеһ롣óһ﷨ݸӣ
ԴûҪԶʳ
һս򣬾ԼΪԼءԴӿʼԱдӣһ⳥Ǵʮھʯ䲢ȫԤϣڿʼʱȷʵûھԵԤ֮С
ʹھʯԴǷ׾߲֮⣬ֵʮھʯҡ
ԵⷬԵĶӣɵˡ
û뵽ԻֳھʯҲδõЩھʯͷڣھʯһʮھʯ֡
ӣøоԼӶЩѣˡ
Ǹɻδչ˾˵ھʯ
Ҳ£ӣҡͷܾܸɴࡣ
֪ԼܵõʮھʯζʲôԼһʾ˵Դ
ӣӦõģΪβ£Цŵ
ЩԴȻҺʹڼҵ⳥ûоҺʹڼôܻ⳥ԴǺǣ˵ʮڣöھʯҲԲóġӣЦЦֻЦݿɬ
ûоӣӣƨ
ӣҪ˵ˡʮھʯӣҡֱӽ﷨ӣߵϡ
ӣûҪƴǣѾվˣȥ߹ӵȻǰϾˡ
˵䣬ʧӣǰ
ӣŴ洢ʮھʯĴ﷨һ˫۾ڣԼЩӡ
ʲôˡӣ⣬þòɢ
Իصӣۡ߹ӣ𣬲δȥӣۡ治Զľ¥Ⱦơ
ոӣʶʱӣһ¥뾰Եġ
ӣҲǣоԼһõξոռԵʱǿҰʱֻǵε޵ߡṳ́ﾳ֮սʱ̤ڤվ̶̵ļʮʱ䣬Դӵڤվ
ӣֹһλɣԼǲľһõξϣô˿ֲ޵ߣôٶ޵ߣңһȻǿ̶ȣȻƽཻκμӡ
һ磬ӣ;˵˲ٻ뿪ӣͳǡ

˵Ǹ뿪ˣ
ûȷʵ뿪ǣƺǰϾˡ֮սϾǰϾͣӦˡ⼸ȥȲȥˡǺǣΪжأ
Щ˸߰Ͼɰ
һЩصھ뿪Ǻ˽ۡЩвٶݻᾰԵģɾԸͲǡҲ£Щʹ죬Ȼ治˵ʲô˽һЩⲻˡ
ΪôȥϾǣϾġ
벻ӣõøˣôһԺݵڣû˸ҶӣҶ˼ˡ˵
ҿҲδءǾԣ˵᲻ӣҡ˵ʹóʮھʯ⳥ӣҵʧӣҷֵ𣿺ǺǣʮڰӦöǾ˰ɣ˲мЦ


2138 Ͼ뷿
ЩˣϢͨġοϢǿģҲ֪ʹ⳥˳ʮھʯӣңȷе˵ӦТԡ
Щ˿ʮھʯ϶ǲֳָܷӣҵġӣҾһɵԴҲΡ
Ե⣬ôܻó
ӣѵҶ˵ʲô˾ԣҲʲôɣ
һЩСΧڴݡ
һսþ֮ڵﵽĸ߶ȡڵػǿʼ޷ԽĽӣҲǰǰݷþԿɶܾĽܿͱ˼ʣٵ¶ԾԷǳ
ģˡ
Ҳܿ㴫ǣӣĶСӣЩȻǷǳջþ⴫ϢӣҴӾеõʮڵھʯ
һϢڵնʱһ䣬ǸˣȻǲӣ˵ǡΪӣ֮˵ӣҷֵʮھʯΪµﾰԡǿӣþƭСǾԻὫһԴӣңǿЦ
ӣҲ뵽кܶ˲ţͬʱʼͨһЩԹϷϲεķˣֱʹĲϣʱòĲֻҪԺõҲǰ򴢱
ӣУԴѳȥ
ʱЩʧˡ
ΪǲţٶʼɣҲ޷˵ֻˡӣȻĵõ˺ԴӣһĲƸܹôĺöҲ˵Ǿķֳ˺ܶھʯӣ
ھ뿪֮󣬱һĴڤվ޵ߣӣҪΪӣصſ͡
ǿʼ
ϾǣݵĶǣϾڵĳС
Ͼ֪ǰݷúԳӭӡ
ò˵ϾԾԵ̬ȣЩˡ
Եʵȷʵǿű߶ǾԶ֡ϾεݣɱűߣһɱġݺʵȻ̾ԳӭӾԣȷʵЩ̫
ԵѣּˣϾᣬԾ΢Ц
Թּ
һξϾҪԭ򣬵ȻΪϾ롣ǣϾõһЩܹսıϾݵλǿŪೣ˵òı
ϾžԲĸۡ
ۡڣһЩݼߵ޵ߣвٶ뾰Լ档
һսۡڣвĿù̵ģ֪ʵı뺷ܽԵѰڤվܽԵѰڤվ
ͻƾѹƼűߣǾһЩСôսɻΪǿ
ۡڵһЩ򵥽֮Ͼ˸׼ס߾Ͼʱס֮ۡڡ
ԵѣǵϾǣһ·Ͷ٣ϢգϾĿžԣ
ˣϾǣҾ̸ʲôİɣ˵֮ϢЦЦ˵
һսУűҪܣϾ潫ɱʵϾûҪôϾɱűߣҲȵų֡ȻϾɣ֮ǰ;ű߲񣬵Ҳô֡
ϾɱűߣҲԲɱűߡھԿûĿǣϾӦòֱɱ˼űߡ
һս󣬾Ҳ࣬Ͼ֮ɱ˼űߣ¸ԭԼһõӡϾΪԼһӡ󣬾ʱȷ
ԵǴ
ѣɡϾҲھȥϢ˵
ԸϾһķڡƺϾľ֮⣬ûκ޵߻֮ۡڵĻںԶĵطѲء
ԵϾ£Ծ˵
ھºϾ˫Ŷ˶нǳɫĶѥߵ¶һ˫ӨСš
ĿɨЩΡ
ϾȴûвĿǶžԡ
ԵѣűҪӣأΪϷϾ֣ڶһ¡
ǰ֮۸֡
Կۣ֮΢΢һ֮۾óģȻһ۾ϳۣ֮ǱߣűСű߱ϾɱϾС
Եѣһ黯ıݼʵ黯һĶǺϡеġϾתĿ


2139 黯伮
Ͼ黯һҲһ˽ġһǿ߲٣һҲֶ黯һ޵߾ͺˡ
ݵڣھ֮ǰϾû黯һĸ֡
õ֮ۺϾҲһЩ˼оҲûʲôͷ黯ȷʵĵܴյƺûʲôϵ֮ͨо黯ܹһЩɾͣ෽ԭֲġֵõӰɴǿ黯黯һϵͻƽ
ֱڣ黯һϵȻڣ޵½ܸ޷ȡµʹ黯϶ڵľᲢ۵ġ
Ͼóۣ֮Ծˡ
ʵϣҲû뵽黯ͷϾȻҲ˵ϡС֪޵½ڵĻ磬黯಻ࡣ
˵˼ǣ΢΢üϾʵ
Եѣ黯һڷϷǳڡڶ֧Уڷ黯ȵ޼Ҷ黯ҲȽȤϾҲֱӣûȥɡ
ˡ
ˣҪо黯ͷ˵
Ͼһ
ԵѣԸó黯ҲԸó൱Ķȡ϶ǣþԵѳԿġϾɫ˫žԣӨСȵĻζš
û˵ǳ
ϾҲ˵þڿ£Բš
ʵϾҲǼűһΪԽһλ黯һǿµżеõ黯űֵ߽ʱʩչ黯ôҲ˵黯Ӧżڵõᡣ
ȻҲһֿܣأϾ̽ǴʲôطݡԱ黯һǿҲ˵
̫ˣϾҲ޷˽
ˣǵʧڿڡ
֪ܻҽ黯һǿߵĶżõ黯õ黯ʵˣҲδйĻԵԼ˵
Ͼü֮һü
ַȷʵõ黯Ҳһ黯ҲǴ黯ģܹɹҲҵǴӷ黯ֶΣϾֱѧϰ伮Իźܶ⡣ұյ黯βߡ
ɫ棬˵Ҳʵ
ϾžԿ˺һᣬ³һͨ黯黯Щ棡ջ˾ԵĻȷʵҲһЩõ޵ͨһܽһط
ֻУЩʧ
ȷʵõ黯ôʵõܶ黯ȻǳƫطɶϾ޵߶ԣȹǸط
ͷûж̰壬սĻһһڶЧ
ˣо黯ҿԳԴһ黯伮Բ˵
ʲôϾԣԾĿžԡ
黯伮
⾰ԲڿЦɣ
黯伮ɲǼ򵥵顣޵Ŷ෽Ҫ󣬲Ҫطż͸⣬Ҫŷǳϸµ
Щڸֵżǿ޵ߣҪȥصķҲǺѵġͱϾóǿռһеķһҪܱķҲҪķѼľʱ䡣
ϾնɱűߵֶΣǷһ֮䣬ѹɱűߡ
ˣҲұ֤ܳɹһԡЦ˵
ԵѣǾ鷳ˡܴ黯һ伮һó൱ĶϾľϻָЦݡ
ãͿʼվ׼ǣ뿪Ͼһ뷿
ϾҲվվڵϣ;Գȥ
һߵ£ϾΪ׼Ŀͷգ㿪ʼԴ黯һ伮
յ黯ûﵽܸĲΣص伮Ҳǿ˵黯伮ԾԶԵҲǺ飬޷ǾıȽ϶ˡϣǴﵽǳµĵزͨ귨ʩչ깥һ򣬻ֻɵ۲ֻеΪʱ򣬱һ㡣
޵߶Դ취伮ѵĵطԾ˵ȴǺܼ򵥵ġ
ʼ黯伮̱Сķ伮Ҫܹɲܳκƫ


2140 ֵ
޵ߴ취伮Ҫ崢Ƿݡ
ڻ磬һ⾧ʯҲˡ
ܴ淨طľʯҲж֣Ч̫
ԽǿķһԽӣҪҲԽࡣ黯ͺ⣬˵Ҫĵࡣ
У黯Ķ٣䴴ѶȼһĹϵ
岢Ǵ洢ϲηη壬ǿ޵߶Զ㲻϶
ڷУǰһɫķ·鼮һĶⶫǷ塣ĲϿɲľʻƤһּ͵⾧塣
Բݣ߶һ㽫Ƕӡɫ鼮֮С
̿Ƽ򵥣ʵȴǼĸӡ
ʱһȥ
ŮӣϾǰ
ˣǲ鲻ǾԵˣأƾճ֡Ůӵͷ˵
Ͼû
ݵƹߣڳ־޵ߣעҪԵҲֻǣƺ޷Ե
УˣǿҰӣ߹ӣʶΪӣſ͡ʱǵΪһȷŮӼ˵
Ͼһɫ˱䡣
ʮǰڤվңܹѹƼűߵڤվ
ˣ黯һ깥
֪ˡɣҪȥˡϾ˵
ˣ˵ܴ黯һ黯һ޵ߣһֱǳأ١ż黯һ޵ߣҲͽյϢ黯һķѶҲǳ֮ǰֹһ黯伮ֻһﾳη伮ɽȴﵽھʯŮ˵
ǲžܴ黯һķ伮
ﾳε伮ĳھʯֱֲ
һﾳε伮ֵҲٵǧھʯһЩȽϴģҲͼھʯѡ黯ȴĳڶھʯ
ڤվε黯ϲ黯ֵö٣
żſɣϾ˵
Ҳ֪ܲĴ黯伮ӦûбҪӡ
Ȼһ޵ߣһôڼʮʱڴӵڤվԵϣŸΪ˵ܡ
УϾ˼Ů򻺻˳ȥ
ʱ䣬ָ
һգ۾ǸֵЦ⡣˿ǰĺɫ伮ͷ
ɹˣ
黯ˡȻβߣȴܹ޵黯伮ңԺԼ黯ϵĲܼһ黯伮
伮󣬾ԱȥϾ
Ҳ֪Ȿ黯伮жֵ
Ȿ黯ףҪϾйһЩҪԴӦþ˵ˡȥϾ·ϣѰ˼š
ϣھʯнʮڡ
ԼǰϾǣԭͨϾһЩҪԴϷεķ
׾߲϶ȫһȥӦúܿյޣռǿֲԼڷϵǷȱȻ˷֮⣬ԻҪһЩԴ
ϾҪԼͬˡ
ԵһֱչأҲûдšҪңǲʲôҪֻ˵šϾԺ΢Цʵ
û뵽Ѿ黯伮
Ŷʱ䣿
ǿߴڤվηҪʱͨҲΪλģﾳηҪ̵ʱ䡣
ԣϾûѾ黯ⷽȥ롣ΪιʲôҪĶ
ˣҵȷʵҪһЩԴЩԺ˵ԵͷЦ˵
ˣȿΡԽɫ伮óݸϾ
ʲôϾЩʵ
Ȼ֪óӦǷ伮Ȼûȥ黯Ϊʲô
ֻ΢Цû˵
Ͼɫ伮ӹ΢΢߶סɫ伮͸ȥϾһ˫ʱϢ΢΢Щأᶶһ¡
ȻǰûӴ黯伮Ⲣ׾жϳԼеķ伮黯伮
ֻǡôܣԲ˵Լû黯伮յ黯ͨ黯


2141 һĶ
ʱ䣬ͽһ黯
ϾĶʱþ췽ҹ̷޵߶ԣʱʲôУָһ˲㲻ϡ
ȻţǾѾⱾɫƤ伮͵Լǰ
ѵ˵ˣ
˵Լͨ黯ص黯ʵȴǣӿʼ黯伮ǣΪβȥȹʮ꣬ó伮ԵԼĸΪ𣿡Ͼžԣаת
͸鿴
ȷʵ黯ĵ伮
ҡ
Ǻܾǰĵ伮Ȿ伮ʱ䣬Ҳ⼸꣡Ͼкݺһ¡
Ҫжһ伮Ĵʱ䣬Ҫǳ壬ǿ̫ܲʵһոմĵ伮ǾͺжˣӴ淨Ϣ׾پܿó
Ͼʼϸ鿴
Ƭ̣˿ԵУ𺳾þòɢ
Ȿ伮黯ȷʵ̫ǿӦڤվζԼжϣⱾ黯伮ǽӽڤվﾳ伮еĶ⼶
黯δɣѾĲȷʵԱա
ˣҵĿǰֻܴ쵽زˡԼϾѾ鿴黯伮㿪˵
ԵѣҴʱ治֪˵ˡ֪Ĵ㡣Ͼ˵
ⲻǿ޾ԣȷʵΪ
ЦЦ
Եѣһ伮ԸңϾʵ
ϾϲⱾ伮ҵȻֻΪ伮ϵͣ㼴ܶʵҲ̫Ч˵
ǺǣԵѣܻ̫黯һ޵ߵ塣ѧϰⱾٽ黯Ϸҵķң㽫һ黯ʱɲҡϾЦ˵Цģˡ
Եѣ֪ҵĴħӡɱûȤϾһת
ħӡɱϾյǿֶΣҲһųԽϲεķ
⣬ϾһдħӡɱǼűߺɱġ˷׾һΡ
׾ħӡɱϾһϾطõǿᷨ
ȤԵһ˵
ãϾͷһһɫ伮С
Ǵħӡɱڲܹ޵ѧϰΡڣФȻˡϾֱӽɫ伮ݸԡ
˳ֽӹ
ħɱһֻ㣬ǰԴһ׼˸͹ȥԴԵҪԼˡ
֮⣬ﻹһЩȪʯȪʯĺöͼĻȪʯ޵߶ż侪˵İϵĻȪʯҲǺܶ࣬һ֣Ҳһ͸㡣ȪʯЧúܶ࣬Եѿ˽⡣ϾֽһЩȭͷСľʯóԡ
Щʯ״ֻ࣬ɫһЩ𡣲ͬɫĻȪʯɢϢǿҲкܴ
ǻȪʯ
ԿϾ͵ǰĻȪʯ۾Ҳ
ǵʱӣӣ˵Ȫߣⶴڳһ־ʯлȪʯӣ˵ĻȪʯҲֵǧھʯļ۸񣬻ֻǽʹͣǻȪʯļֵ
ǻȪߣֻڤվ֮µ޵߲ܽ롣һ̤ڤվ޷Ȫߡ
ԽȪʯӹ΢΢һгǵĺϯ֮У̺ɱ⣬ƺһЩơ
ÿµľʯһ
ȪʯͷųϢǶֱɱﾳ֮µ޵ˡԿ϶Ѱĵ޵ߣ΢ӴȪʯᱻɢɱﾳ޵ߣֽӴȪʯ¶ܡ
ȪʯɢϢ޵ߵ嶼类һ㡣
Ե崿ǿֻɫ΢Щ仯
ԽһöȪʯյǬ֮ڡ
ˣҳ˸һ黯伮֮⣬ҪóʲôԿϾʡ
ԵѣⱾ黯伮ļֵҿҪҸ⼸Դߣ㵱ȻóκƷϾ֣˰ڡ
΢΢һ㶡
ԼⱾ黯伮ֵ֮Լƣ黯ݵڤվϲΣֵôﵽĳ̶ȣ


2142 ʵ
û뵽Լ黯ֵ˿ֲ
黯ӣϾйǿķȵȣȴû뵽ϾóħӡɱԼǰԴöȪʯ
Եѣҵĳۻ𣿡Ͼ
Ͼ˼Զĳ۲⣬ԼӼۡ
ˣлҶû뵽Ȿ黯伮ܶһôԴԵȻҲ̰ᡣ
Ͼ뿪ҲΪ˷ܡ
صסĵһ£ǽȪʯȡϾǰҲûϸ鿴оڻصԼסҪúŪס
ССһöʯֵ˾ˡȪʯͨԴ
ԴϾеõĻȪʯһöȭͷСöʯöǻɫһöǻɫ
ϢöɫĻȪʯϢԽǻɫĻȪʯϢΪǿҡ
ԽһöɫȪʯУ֣ϸµо
˺һᣬԲ۾Ŀ¶һĨ𺳵ɫ
⵽ʲôʯ
磬ûľʯѹ֣ѹֵ˵ľˡȪʯȻоá
̾뵽ԼĻ׾Ҳɵ׾ҪҪͨ顣ǿռڣһԾ塣ھԸܻȪʯָо׾Ǿռ䣬лȪʯ
ȻԵڻ֮ﵽĴ̶ȣҪٽоԻȪʯ˵Ҫھ֮ϡ
ȪʯãȻǾ޵ߵ塣ȽϴǳоԾ˽⵽˶ֻȪʯáȪʯֱԴˡ
ܹ޵߸ܹ޵ܸ޵Ϊ
Զ̲ס̾
Ȫʯֱܡ
գϾ˽ǴħӡɱǰԴ͵ԣҲʼħɱ
ħӡɱһͬһεķȹУħӡɱɸΪԵħӡɱ޵ǿռ
ڿռϣҲżߵ裬ħɱҪȴӲռʼ
Դħӡɱǳ˳ħɱһ㣬һ޵߱óռҪ˷ҲкܴѶȡ˷ȴһǧĽȣʱ䣬㽫ħӡɱһա
Կ
һ
漴ռӿһƬܣâۣγһռ΢΢һ£ǿռǵλãơ޵ߴλãͻᱻֱӼʵ޵ߣᱻҶʣ¡
ǿ߼űߣǱħӡɱ˲Ϣɱġ
ǰԵ
ҼΪԵķڻ磬κһֵ͵طûܡǺɵͼƺƿյĻ綥ط
Լչ
ħӡɱĵڶ㣬Ѷյڶ㣬ķ˾Խʮʱ䡣
㣬ѡȻħӡɱԴ㣬Գٳٶһħӡɱ
ҵ崿ҲﵽڤվݣܹմħӡɱġֻǣҪʱܶࡣڵĽȿǼǧ궼ղˡǱסҲܵ鼸ʱ䡣εķȷʵôյġѰ˼š
ʱֹͣȡһöɫĻȪʯ
ڣʹûȪʯҲܺȪʯԷЧжߡ
Ա۾ɻȪʯͬʱħӡɱ㡣
һΣٶԼӿ졣ЩԭЩɬѶĵطʱȴȻȻľ
ˣڿռϵҲ֮ռħӡɱ໥ӳգڻȪʯƶ֮£Զ󲻵ٶš
һöȪʯ󣬾ԵĴħӡɱ㣬Ѿķ֮һӡʱ䣬Źȥӽһѡ
Щˣ
ĶһھʯۣӦöкܶ޵ġš
ȪʯЧþԶ¡
⵹ǾЩ뵱ȻˡȪʯЧҲԭġǻһ޵ʹûȪʯʮ֮һЧѡΪ򣬿ҲҲĴȡ
ͬ޵ߣʹûȪʯջЧҲǲͬġȻˣˣȪʯ޵Ȼ˷ĹЧ


2143 øȪʯ
մħӡɱ㣬һʱ䡣
ȪʯҲööɫľʯֻ꣬һöǳɫʯڡ
ĿǰΪֹѾմħӡɱǰܡ˷һֻ㣬еĲ͵ϾδãֻԼ취صԴϡ
Ȫʯ̫ˣϧ̫٣֪ܲϾһЩ˼š
֪ԼԺҲм;ܶഢһЩȪʯԼӦָܹܿڤվΣҲǻĳƺƿ߲Ρ
ûлȪʯôħӡɱȷʵҪܾõʱ䡣ִﵽεǿᷨҪȷѶȼ
뿪סٴȥϾ
ϾֱӹħӡɱĲϡ
ˣ֪ܷйħӡɱĲϡԼϾ󣬱⡣
ĲϣϾžԡ
֪żħӡɱĲʲô
ħӡɱǰϣѾ͸ԡħӡɱη˵ǰ㣬ǵһҪҲס֪ԾԲһ޵߶ԱȣȻ뵽Ѿǰ㡣
ԣлһЩھʯһݣѰҲһЩûⷨĲû˵ԼѾħӡɱǰȫգûǸҪ
⵹Ҳǡ
ԣħӡɱĲϣоеĴ󲿷ֻ֣֡Ҳûдһһ£ŪȫĲӦòʲô¡Եѣĵȼʱ䡣ĲϼֵߣҪڵھʯҪ׼Ͼͷ˵
Ҳûжʣʱһֱо黯ջԶҲһЩĵá
лˡԹֵл
ڵھʯھԵĳܷΧ֮ڡ
һ£ǻȪʯǺöмİ֪ﹺһЩȪʯǷԡʵ
ȪʯϾһ¶Ц
ԵѣҲȪʯ㣬ҲûˡȪʯ򲻵ֻлȪ߳ȪһſһΡÿһοֻ޶޵ܹ롣
Ȫߵ޵ߣҲδܴٻȪʯҵ֪һЩʹлȪʯǸͲܳۡͼĻȪʯҲԴϾԾԽ͡
˵ģҲʵ顣
üȻỳϾ˵ǻѻԼʹûȪʯֶ֪֮Щ˵ļֵھʯܹġ֮лȪʯĽףɿ¶Ҫǿھʯ
Եѣһԣ
ѾõϢһλȪߵĿ֮ʱ䣬ǺܶˡͨȪ߿λᣬûȪʯϾת˵
󣿡üͷ̧̧
ֻʱ䣬ǵǲһαչزҲ͹ȥˡ
漴ҡҡͷ˵ˣӣȪߣҲ֪н붴ߵƺҪȪ߲Ҫڤվ֮µΪ
ԵѹԼľ粻ͻƣ뽫ﾳӶܽȪߡȻʱͨȪ׬ȡھʯ
ԵѣϢ׼ȷӣƭ㣬֪Ϣȫ档
Ȫߣڵġӣ˵ģֻǵͼڡǵͼڣȷʵֻڤվ֮޵ܹ롣Ǹ߼ڣڤվ޵߶ܽ롣
ֻǣ߼ڵҪõȴǼѵġУͼɸ߼һûеġԼûϣȪ߸߼ڡ
˵ܹȪߵĿûȪʯ˵ȥ㲻ȥҲпܵõȪʯġ߼ڵ䣬ǹ̶ġĹأĸһŸȪ߸߼ڵĴҪͨһ̶ֹģʽᣬҪԼøĻȪ֡ĴΪ˵õĻȪֻøѡӶʵǿڤվ޵ߡӶãѡԴףȻҲȪʯ
һǣҪĴӶҪԶͫ׿ϡ˵ĴҪӶⲿ޵ߣôӶõԶͫϵܹߡϾԾԽ˵


2144 ܹ
Ͼⷬܡ֮󣬾Ծʹˡ
Ȫ߿ǷΪΡеͼڣڤվ֮޵߲ܽ롣߼ڣڤվڤվ޵߶ܽ롣
Ϊޣ߼һֻоŸʸŸģһĴĴΪ˻øҲӶⲿԱΪԼȪ֡
ĴӶⲿԱҲ⡣Уǣһλ𣬽ԶͫʵǻĵΣǱȳƺƿ߸߳һεĴڡ
λԶͫ𣬻ѡһܹߣĴֻܹӶԶͫѡܹߡĴҪôԼڲԱȪ֣ҪôǹӶԶͫѡܹߡ
ǱĴӶôͿҪӶԻȪʯΪ͡
Ͼ˼
ˣβܻܹʸ񣿡Եʵ
ҿ԰ԿԵѣʱϢһˡϾ˵
лˡٴι֡
ԲòϾԼԶͫ涼͸˵Ϊܹˡ
С飬ϢɡϾЦЦЦģԾգգɫ
֮󣬾ԱۡϢ
ԼһʱߵŮԣǴħӡɱĲϴϾѾ뿪Ͼǣ֮ǰͽŮѼҪزϡħӡɱĲ󲿷ϣۡдֻҪͨϵ򡣶ϾӵȻǺܴģһʱ䣬ȱٵļֲϾȫˡ
ҪݲϣֵһǧھʯŮӽ˫ֵݸԺ˵
ţ¶ɵɫ
֮ǰϾ˵ݲϼֵڵھʯ֮䣬Ҳ΢˽ħӡɱĲϣȷʵļֵûйӲĹϵʱ仹
Ůӣȴ˵ǧ򣬼ֻ۸һ롣
ƺǿ˾Եɻ󣬺Ů˵ǧھʯֻۡûеǼֲϼֵۡڴеĲϣ˵˼ֱ͸㡣
һ¾Ծˡ
Ͼת
ʱ䣬ǷϾٵ鰡飬Ժ϶һỹġ
ʵҲףϾ˰ԼҲΪ顣ȻϾǰ¶̬ԿɲΪϾǰԼϾΰԼӦҲǿԼδǱϾԼڤվ޵ѾܹӲǿˡϾ˵Լֵȥ£ȥͶʡ
ô˵龰Եü¡
˾ͶлˣҲлϾҵİԽӹϣȡǧھʯԷ
ŮھʯԾԵ˵ͷ뿪Եס

һɫӴ󹬵Ƶƶˡ
Ͼȥһɫп໤˵
ĶƲУݵϾ
ʹ·ϾżлЦЦ
лǰ·Ͼĺ󷽣һƬշ֮أɫӴ󹬵
֮ڣһϣһɫ۵ӡ
ϾôпɫӼϾ¶һЦݡ
Զͫ𣡡Ͼּ
ҪҿԶͫڰֵ֣¾ֱ˵ɣ֪£
˾ټһڤվ޵ܹߣΪȪߡϾ΢
Զͫ۾
Ȼ֪Ͼʲô˼
һµһλȪ߿ֻꡣʮܹѾȷƼһˣⲻ̫ʡҵԸ㣬ҽƼ˼ӽôѾȷʮУҪһȥ
ÿһλȪ߿ǽ붴ǹ̶ģ߼ܹҲǹ̶ġܹߵһֱάʮˡңʮܹһ㶼ȫбĴӶĻᡣһ£ʮĸӶӡ
ĴǷǳǿʢģڲԱڶ༫ĴڣԺܶʱҲԸӶԶͫṩܹߡԶͫṩܹߣӶÿɲͣӶһεĻҪķûھʯʮڡ
ĴȻҲԸóôӴԴȥӶˡ
ˣҾټڤվ޵ߣųԽͨڤվ޵ߵʵϾ֪ȷˣȻԶͫ𣬾Ϊʵǿ


2145 
ǶԾԵʵ㹻ţϾҲרԶͫ𡣻ȪսֻܹʮΪܹߵ޵ҲǼ࣬ҲĴڡ
ʮܹڼǧǰǰѾȷˣȪ߿ֻʣٶʱ䣬ޱҪԶͫȷʵǲ̫ܸϵѡ
ŶԶͫ¶һĨȤɫ
Ͼ仰ˡϾ˵ƼѡųԽͨڤվ޵ߵʵǽƥڤվ޵ߡֻƥС޵ߣСöˡ
˵ڤվ޵߼̫ƥ޵ߣϣӴĻ֮£ܻһЩԶͫΪһεľǿߣӰ֮û㹻ǿӰôܶʮܹ
ĴԶͫӣҪӶⲿԱȪͱӶԶͫṩܹߡȻҲ˵ĴԶͫ𣬶ǹڻȪ켫ĵط涼Ҫչ˵
ϾȻȪܱĴڣҲܴлģϾԼоͼȪڵĽѡ޵߽ȪߣڶڻõĻȪʯͱϾͼĻȪʯϾǧھʯ۸ջ
ԶͫϾ
ϾǺ˽ģ֪Ͼ޵ķʸȻϾ˵гԽͨ޵ߵʵӦþͲࡣ
¶ɫ
Ƭ̺ͷ˵ȻʵȷʵʸΪܹˡϾ㽫˴
лˡϾԶͫл
Ͼ뿪Զͫۡ㷵ϾԼĸۡԶͫʱ䲻ͷβ϶ûرı顣
ϾڶԾԵʱܻ¶һ̬ԶͫȴࡣеԭȻΪηԶͫԶͫ𲻹ЦԶͫϾ̬ȣκ˶ܿһЩζԶͫҲǶϾһЩ뷨ģֻûѡֻҪϾ΢¶˼Զͫ϶̽ܡ
Ͼȴûκ˼ʵϣϾò뷨ǿ޵߲֪ж١Ͼûе¡
Ͼĸۡ
Ͼ˽Խ˹
ԵѣѾԶͫԶͫ˼ǣȼ㱾ˡϾЦŶԾ˵
лϾæл
ȱлңԶͫ˵ȼ㣬δӦһܹԵܲܳΪܹߣڻ˵ܹһᡣϾֱۣ֬ž˵
ܲܳΪܹߣҶмˡԵͷ˵
ûϾᢣĻᶼܵõԼȥԶͫԶͫ¶ǿһΣǵɵˡ
֮󣬾ԱϾɫ
Ʋ֮ϵӴ󹬵ƻֺꡣܱߣԿе·ÿһ·к嫵ܲ
ɫлϾ;Դɫ
һϮɫ۵ԶͫھԺϾ˶ߴıϡ
ˣϾ񣬾Ͼ
֪ˣ޵½ͬһĿǿߡ
ԼĻ磬ջ޵½ܣǲǻʵ˻ԪӶ磬ܹٿ߹û⼸أԼͲܻ޵½ܡ
Ҫ֪޵½ܽ磬ʵǱѹģ޷ʹǿ
һ֪뾰ڻ޵½ֻһ޵½ܵı塣Ȼ˵뱾ʵһģ޵½ܷϲ̫ǿĸ編һ
޵ߣǷǳֲġ
ԾڵʵԶԶסԶͫһ
ϾƼˣѽԶͫĿ⿴˾һֿۣϾ
ȷʵ󣬵ʵ㹻ΪܹߡϾͷ˵
СһоԣԶͫٿԡ
ˣǾԡӦ
ţϾ˵սԽͨڤվԶͫʡ
սȽСڤվ޵ߣаѹƶԷԿ˵
һսѾܹѹƼű޵ߡǵϾǣЩ꣬ʵһڤվΪ˵߲׾ԼǰħӡɱڵҲµڵʵҪһսʱ١


2146 ˷
ڵľű߽֣кܴܽɱġű޵߹ףƫ
šԶͫЦЦ
ԶͫҲϣԼȷܹʵǿһЩܹʵԽǿôĴӶĿԾԽ󣬹ӶҲߡ
ӶѣԶͫҪȡһġһӶ߱ĴӶǮʮھʯôܹ߾͵ýԶͫھʯ
ǹأû취޷ı䡣
Զ̧ͫĿ⡣ţһӰ˽ǰģһ׻ʮ޵ߣŮеĿȥͽϴеԵᡣ
Щ޵ߣԶڤվΡ
ˣʮӶѾˡ׻Զͫ˵
šԶͫͷ
ǽۻת뿪ʮ޵һͬԶͫ
ʮˣԶͫѾȷܹߡЩʵ뺷Ȼṳ̂ϲΣʮսͨ޵߲ʲôеˣֱܹͨ޵߶ս·硣
ʮУһһλȪ߿ʱܹߵݡ
ضˡԶͫڰ֡
ǹһҪ˵λȪ߿ǰǴʮ˳Ϊܹߵġڣһ״ϾҾټһоԵ޵߳ΪܹߡþԳΪܹߣ֮оҪһ˱ȡܹݡԶͫ𻺻˵
Զͫⷬʮܹɫһ䣬׷׽Ŀ⿴ϾЩˣʶϾ
Ͼûʲô仯
ǾЩü֮ǰ֪ܹѡȷ֪ԼҪӱжȡһܹߵϾҲûϸ˵
ʮܹԱУ˽Ŀ˾ԵϡԶͫ˵ϾټһҪΪܹߣôվϾߵ޵ߣӦþԶͫ˵ľ˰ɣ
ԵĿ⣬ɲơǵǵĻᣬǵȻ⡣
ʮˣ˭Ը˳Զͫ˵һ䡣
ûӦ
˳˭Ը˳Ϊܹߣ˵һᱻӶһӶǾͿܻȡԴֻᣬɲȪһſһΣ˭óĻ᣿
Ҷ˳Զͫ۾
Ҿָһ˳ɣ衣˳ɣԶͫһˡ
ʮ֮Уһɫ޵ӰһϢ֮仯ˣ衡
ʮܹУһλȪ߿ʱܹݡĸˣһλȪ߼¼ġ衣Ǻ֮һΪ˳ΪܹߣҲķ˲ٵ˼òײŵõϿɣѡܹ
ʵҲܲڤվ۷ΪһǿߵʱҲɵıס֮ǰȷʮܹУʵǵ׵ĴڡԶָͫ˳ܹΪʮʵϵ͡
зǳʹ죬ŭ𣬵ԶͫǰȻҶ𷢻𡣼ٴŭҲš𲻾Ϊ
Ҫ˳ܹȻġ
۾žԣˣҪܹͻᡣ˳֣ܹݾͲᶯҡȪͻῪʱ䣬ת˲ԶͫҲȥѰܹ
СӣðģϾʲôϵϾΪҪ˰衶žԣдźת
ŶϾ˺⣬ͬҶϾǶǿߡ
ˣҪҷܹݣҲҲ˾ȥҲҲӡ衵ĿӾջأֿԶͫ𣬳˵
ʵǿڤվ޵ߣȡҵλóΪܹߣҲ޻˵оԵˣƺδ˵û˵ΪܹߣĴѡӶǰװ˷һܹߵ衽˵
ȷʵʶԣҲû˵
ԶͫһƬĵ֮Уʵڤվ޵Ҳô࣬κһ衶û˵⾰Ե֣һ˵϶Եʵжǿ֮ԶͫҪһܹӦҲϾӰɣ
衣㲻˽
ԵʵɲϾ˵սܹͨǿߡ룬ʵ֮ϵġԶͫδΪ衵ĻŭЦŽ˵
Ŷ
ţ
衣Ÿܹ߶¶һĨɫ


2147 ҿ
ʮܹԶͫԣ΢΢һж϶¶һı顣
Խͨǿߣ
ǿ˿ԣȻǲŵġڹϣ˵ڤվ޵սԽͨϣû˸˵һûСʮУǿļսһЩͨǿӲгԽͨǿߵڤվƺҲǺѽܡ
ԣƾʲôǴӾԵò;ԵϢܿԵͲܴܹﵽڤվΣ˵׿ҿԳϣ˵սܳԽǿߣǸͲš
ˣԵսĳԽͨϣǽóܹݣҲ޻˵ҪóʵҿʦҲЦžԣ˵
ü
ԭԼ衣жٻЩⲻȥġ˵ĻҲһЩ뷨
Ҫ𣿡ԶͫȻЦݡ
Կ˿Զͫ
λԶͫ𣬿Ҳ̫ҵʵôǿɣѰ˼š
ԶͫڼԱ֮ȷʵԾԵʵһĻɡ֮ǰϾԵʱԸϾĻΪϾûҪʡǼԱ˺ֻɵͷͲɿƵ
ȷʵܹԽǿߵ޵ߣ˵Խܲƥж˵
衵˶˵Щֿûʲô⣬ϸϸһ룬ףλԶͫƺڹ̽Եʵ֮ûֱ֤ҲǿϾϡ
ˣҺܾ֮ǰ˵衵ѵ֣ȴ˵λԡڤվ޵ߣսǿߵʵҲ̫û˵ܹУһɨ˾һۺˡ
֮ǰҾ˵衵ѣż衵ѱˡʱӴҲ˽衵ѵʵΪ衵ųΪܹߵ⾰ԣҾͲ֪ˡ߼˵
ˣһλȪ߿ʱܹߣ˳ӶΡʵʮܹҲǿԣԶͫ𣬶һӣҲԶͫ˲ٵ档
߻ºԶͫûٿڣֻЦݿ˿λܹߣֿ˿ԺϾϾޱ飬Щˡ
ˣԳΪܹ߼Ȼô⣬Ǿ˰ɣϾԶͫ˵
ҪΪܹߵģָġЩɣһˡ
Ͼ㻹ôӡԶͫЦЦСѣʲô뷨
ԶͫһֿۣϾ
λ衵Ϊҵʵ㣬ôҲ׽衵дһԶһ˵
ȷʵΪܹߵݡ
Ҫ̵ʱڣʵָڤվĲΣͱ뾡ץסܹôԴĻᣬǻȪʯĿǰΪܹ׻ȡȪʯ;ΪܹߣԼȥ׬ȡھʯҲ򵽻ȪʯϾȻܹڻȪ߿УһЩȪʯȪʯԴϾҲҪʹáԣҲƤϾһЩȪʯԼ
Զͫһ۾з
衵û뵽Ի˸ɴ࣬ȻôˬҪԼд衣΢΢ЦЦ
аϲԼܹܾԣôܹݣȻͲٱˡԼܾԣ˻˵ҪԼóܹ
衣С˵Ҫдһ㿴ΣԶͫ衡
Ը衶Զͫ˵
ԣǳȥд裿衿ʵ
Ҫɡ԰˰֣
ǺǡЦˡ
СҪд裬ǾɣԶͫ𵭵˵
أټ˾衺;ｻ֣Ҳ𻵴ֺ
ڳܹߣһֹ˿ԡЩĿУƺһͬζ
ķȽ⣬СռսӰ쵽ʵһ޵ߣʵǿ޵߶սǶսռ䶼úܴ󡣱˵ڤվ޵߽֣һɿԽʮġкܶ෨ԽԽĿռڣԽǷӳ
衵ķһСΧʩչҲӰ췢ӵķ衽֣ҿԡ
СӣԼѡģһɹֲң衺ٺЦһԾ˵
Կʼ𣿡ԵĮ


2148 
ϾӰһ˺ÿռ䡣
ԾʮģѹƼűȻʵǿ߼ű߱Ȼǲһ
ܹߣҲɴĺ˸óһĿռ䡣
Сӣȳ֣˵۸㡣
ʵӾԣ˵ΪԵʵԼԱϾϾƼģʵ϶̬֮ȣҲпǵģһ˼ŭԣһҪǰԼ
ҪԼȳ֣ûס
׽ȡֱһͶɱ˹ȥâ֣ѣǰϯһУ̺еܡطԼεķΪͬǲҪĿռ䡣
ԵĽո֣衾вĸоˡνмһֱ֪ûУ衸ܵ˽Ϻ嫵ܲ
Ϣᣬһȣ̳ˡԭþȳ֣Ҳ˲ˡʳԣôܾһιʱ򣬾ӦǲȡȫĴʩɴʱûղȡʩסһ
һ̺֮Ľ飬Ҳ޷ƵĺˡЦһӰ˸衽ӽͬʱĻ
ħӡɱ
衸ոס壬ڸѪûƽ͸оܿռȻռ֮ڣ嫵ѹȻ٣ȫѹ
ԿܵĿռŤⲿֿռ䣬衵ȥ
衷һҽУȫϥ˵ϡ
˲Ϣ֮䣬ϵĳ۾ͱѪҺȾ졣û屻ħӡɱѪҺ
ߣһջƣֵı׽Ҳ
ûɱ衡
ɱ衣ӦѾˡܵһͽ衵ķƻ֮Ĵħӡɱ衵ǿ̶ܳԶԶ޷ֵʱ̣ջ˴ħӡɱ
ûҪɱ衡
衵һμ棬ǰûκγԹ̬ȷʵܲҲϾǶ˼ҵܹݡ
衽ʱ̣ܶ̿Ҳһʱ䡣̶ʱڣԾȫλѹ衶ӽϲε޵ߣ޷֮
Щܹ벻ԶͫҲ벻
˵ǣʵϾ⡣ΪԵڶʹõľǴħӡɱԵõħӡɱŶʱ䣿
ôһʱ䣬㽫ħӡɱյˣ
衵ʵʵҲͱ΢ǿһ㡣֣ҪҲûٵľʱ䡣ԣȴŹк黯ķﾳ۷ʱһȺڤվɱ
Ѿ̤ڤվΣɱһ޵ߺܼ򵥡˵ϾǺһʱ䣬Եսȫλ
ϾƼˣȻʧԶ֣ͫžԡ
˹ˡת˵
Ǻǡ
衣֪Сѵʵ˰ɣԶͫԸվʵ
衵ͷٿԵǳ˾ηھǰм֮ôһ˲䣬ԼѾˡ
ܹߣҲȻĿžԡ
ʵǿļˣԼ뾰ԶԱȡ󣬶ҡͷǾֳʵǱûаտ⡣Ϊ衽ʱݣǲȫԵսҲ˵ԺܱܿǼĻҪǿ
Ͼ˵гԽͨǿߵս԰
Сѣϲ㣬ʽΪܹˡλȪ߿֮ǰĴȪִӶȡȪ߸߼ڵʱѡǹӶԶͫžԣͷ˵
ԵʱԶͫЩʧģԿƺûϾ˵ôǿͨɻ衿ԵʵȷʵǿǿǼܹߣܳǡ
ԶͫҲϣԼѡܹʵǿһЩĴĹӶѾͻߣҲܴлȡ档εʵĴǹӶĻӶһ㲻ʮھʯңӶ÷пܡĴǶͣԶͫҲĴȲƸкܴ¥Ȫ߽Ĵ֮һң⻹¥ѡ
лˣԹл
ˣСѣʱܹ߾סڴ˵أȴȪ߿ԶֿͫϾ˵ϾҵøлټŰ


2149 Ĵ
Զͫסɫ֮£һӴɽȣɽ֮дڴĽ
ԵȳΪܹߵ޵ߣҲסɽ֮ڡɽڣסдĽ׻вԶͫſ͡
ſͣȻʵΪǿ޵ߣһ㶼ϲεǿߡԶͫſУڤվ޵߼ǺѻʸģżĵطԶͫѡΪܹߣҲлΪſ͵ġ
˴λȪ߿ԶͫѡܹڣѾʽΪԶͫſݡ
ΪſͣҲһҫ
ϾҲɽ֮оס죬뾰Ե𣬻Ȫ߿ʱ仹꣬ڻȪ߼ʱ
ܹҲͼ򵥵ʶһ£޹ĽǾܹ߶ۼĽѹվԾԵʵҲгʶԵû˶ԾƵΪ
ʱסɽ֮ڡ
ɫ֮Уһźɫ߽롣
ˣңɫ߼ʵ
ţһµܹ㽫ĴԶͫ
δµʱһƤǻɳںɫǰ
ɫĿһɨͷ˵ˣͽǣ
ţȥɡԶͫ΢Ц˵
ںɫ뿪֮Զͫ۾𣬵е˼Ժܲѽ衽֣ƺ˲ٵʵ
Ĵܿյ˴Զͫﴫ
ʵ֮ǰѾյһյԶͫ﷢ǶЩơڶչϵֺǲ֪ˣȻֻһ֣Ͼ֮ǰһˡ
ʱܹߵ¼ڻȪ߿ʷҲӣϻǱȽټġ£ܹһȷͲٸı䡣
˭ǰû˵ѽ
ûƺûʲôǣȴ衸ȥˣʵӦñ衻ǿ
һƬڣҲвСģĴڲǰûйעڽӵԶͫ󣬿϶Ҳе顣
һ԰ɣǴðġ顣
ϳڣҵĸ߲š
ңǵĴ֮һԼأҲ塣Щͨźܴġһ壬֮ռһƬءңȴֱͳݡ
һǳϵļ壬Ѿ֪ˡ˵ҵĴߣλ滹ţһλε޵ߡλ棬춨һƬĴݺ͵λ
ڲѪӵҲǺܶࡣǿ޵ߣܺȷʵǱȽѣΪڵʱ̫̫ˣԻѪӵܵҲ١ͨһҲһЩǿĻǱ޴޵߼롣
ʱ䷢չҳΪ֮ĵĴ֮һƬ֮ڣû˸ǵĴڡԶͫҲҷȪߵ档
Ĵһŵأ⳿ŵͬһӦǽɵʡŵصϳһż֮ڣǣԽ١ǳŵصǿߣżҷǱ޵ߣһŵص˿ϣᱻŵؽһֱΪϴ񡯵ʽ
ʽܹ޵ߣüֲ˵൱һ޵߾ϴֱ֮Ӿܻڤվ޵൱սЩ޵ߵսԴɱҲ˵ܶ౻ŵص޵߾ϴ̾ڤվ޵ߡ
һּص
Ĵ֮е¥һƬܲܲɲܹܲȵġ¥ܲݵ¥ֻܲǵܲµһܲѡ
Ƭ¥ܲʮֻ֮ܲܲһܲ¥¥ǷֲĸȥԣҪ£һ¾ԣԲδǵ¥ˣΪܲ¥ܶԾԻһЩԹ
¥кܴӰƬܲҲ¥ڶ֮ܲһ֮У¥Ļϰ壬һλ߸ϵɵۣ㴫ſţλҲһɵϵǿ޵ߡ
Ĵһ֪ҪһЩӰᡣѰ޵֮дȺС֪Ӱ޵ߣҲǳ޷


2150 Ӵ
¥ʵҵǾްԡ
ŵأռһӴĹż
£ֱӿŽӽʮݡ
ӰкܴǾӪ鱨ͰɱӰϳһԶͫӰĵ֮ڣĴǼ쵽ڰӰᣬֻҪǮôܵõһҪ鱨Ӱᶼûе鱨طͲָˡ
ͬʱӰİɱҲǼĳɫɱǵﾳ޵ߣڤվ޵ϲεǿߣֻҪó㹻ĳͣǾͿ԰쵽
ڰӰʷϣɹɱһλĴڡ
˵س̶ȣǳŵض޷밵Ӱȡ
Ĵһ֮ڵİʱ򣬱ԶͫǶܶȻھ£ĴҲԶͫ˺ͱȪߵĿĴԶͫͬ䡣
Ĵ߼ڵȪṩܹңĴ˽ȪߺȪʯԶͫҲҪзһ
ԶͫͻȻһܹߣĴȻ֤һܹ߾Ե
Ȼȡϸ鱨ģǰӰᡣ
ӰϳȫֵһӰվһڣһݱȽϸϢϡ˵ϸʵҲûݡ
֪𣿲鲻˵ܶأŮ
ڷڻһŮӣŮò侪ޣҲͱϾ΢һЩŮϣһʣ˸оǳ䲻ܽӽ
鲻Ů˵
е˼ҰӰᣬȻ鲻ܻܼűǸֻڤվΪεʮܹУʵǶġţڻȪ߿֮ǰӴһ£Ӷö١˵ٶȴ
ǣŮӦ˳ȥ
ӰȵõԵϢ¥Ρ¥һӴ̻ᣬԭͱȽ鱨ټϣ¥зֲݵ¥¥֮ǰ͹עԣҲܿ͵õϢ
¥¥֪ԳΪܹߺҲЩԾ뵽һսоԵı֣ҲȻˡϾټԳΪܹȷʵҲ̫ϡ

סԶͫ𹬵֮ɽеľԣÿ֮С
ħӡɱĲȫԿԽǽȷǳħӡɱʱ򣬾͸оȽѣ֮ʹûȪʯŽȴġʱ򣬱öͼĻȪʯֻʣһöǳɫĻȪʯˡ
û취ֻһħӡɱĲ㣬һ߼黯ݲ黯
ʱ䣬ָ
ڻȪ߼ʱ򣬾ҲˣҪ׼ĴӶˡ
ԼھԳص಻ʱԶͫ𽫾Եʮܹټ
߰ɣȥȪߵڡȪ߾忪ʱ䣬Ӧþһ֮ˡԶͫԾԵ˵
ԻȪߵĿʱ䣬ͽ붴ߵ޵ԶͫҲ޷ı䡣ǣܼ쵽ȪߵĿ󣬻Ȫ߼֮ǰļǧ꣬ͻһԽԽƵ
Ƕû˵ʲôŻȪ뿪ǰȪߡ
ȪλãԶͫӰһƬ֮ڡԶͫžԵ˵ִʱѾвˡ
иݵĴˡ
٣ΪЩ߶Ų޵ߡÿУнͼڵеһеĸϾУͼڵ
ԶͫЩЩĴﶼкĴϵͷҲԵԶ̸ͫ
Զͫ𣬽ԵʮܹߣһһܸĴͷʶ
ܹ˲ٵĿ⣬Щûһ򵥵ģܸӦԵϢƶϾԵͲʮܹУԵСģұܹúܶܶࡣ
ڻȪ߸ҲһƬͨɫĽһƬֻлȪ߿ǰ󣬲ŻᱻʹþסѰʱ˿ءάĻ֮⣬ûڴ˵ؾסġ
ԵܹߣҲԶͫסڡ
ոסϾҾԣԾ˵һЩĴԼĴ̸ӶӦȡٹӶѱȽϺʵȵȡ
֮󣬵һŵĴԱͳˡ
ҵǰģһģӣԱݶԾԵ


2151 ԵҪ
ҵְܹܣȨСҸ߲ءô˵һܹܵĵλ޷볤ȵġ
뾰ԽӴģֻܹܶݸߵˡ
ȻˣҲھԵԤ֮УԲûΪ˲峤ϾŭΪΪ˵ɢĲʲô㾰ʮ˵õڤվ޵ߣҲ㲻ʲô
һ㣬ʵ¥ܲ¥ԾԵ̬Ҳɿ֪Ի˼ű֮λ¥ܲ¥ûȥԵ˼¥ǵ¥µһֲѡ
ĴǺܴģϾεǿߣĴǰҲһͷ
ܹܣվ֡
˵ǿǰͲ֪˭ǰϾʱĴȪ߿λõгԱ
ˡҲЦ˵
ӣƺΪҪ֪Ҳڤվε޵ߣĴҵܹܣܶԾԳƺѾǸܴˡ
ܹ⣬£֪ˡ
ҵܹӴ϶˵Ӷ¡֪ĴԼϢȻϸҲѲԼһսѹƼűڤվ޵ߡ
Ҿֱ˵ˡ
ңҪӶ֪ʱӶתĿʵ
ҡͷ˵ܹܣǵһҵ
Ǿͺ˵ˡһЦ˵֪ңھʯܹӶһΣ
ܹܲ˵һ΢ʡ
ǰȪ߿֮ĴܹߵıۣԾԼĹӶӦʮھʯϡǰĴĹӶѣҲбȽ϶ڶʮھʯʮھʯ֮ġǾΪԼʵӦñǰĴӶܹ߸ǿһЩʮھʯȽϺʡ
ټϾǵһγΪܹߣĴȻ϶̽ϢʵȻ˽ⲻȫ档һܹͣҪʮھʯҲͲˡȵڶιӶ۸ӦûһЩڵڶιӶУҪĿɾͲھʯֳԴˡ
ÿһλȪ߿ĴսУԶͫṩܹ߶ԱӶΡ
ڲ۹ҲĨǵģֱӱˡңԸʮھʯӶФȻμӵһֻȪ߻սʮھʯгġڱһ۸
ʮھʯ
۸˵ʵ˵ûг⡣ǹӶܹߣôǹӶܹ֮ʵǿļҲǲļˡѾΪԶͫſݵܹߣǱӶķÿҲʮھʯѳʮھʯ
۸񣬾Բ̫⣬λЩ
΢ü˵ܹܣʮھʯЩˡ
Ҷ˽֪ʵǿݵܹűǸ޵ߡǣϾǵһγΪܹߡҲü
ԭΪӦûҵʮھʯۡڿԵθڱĻҪ١
ⷬЦЦܹܣҲ㶵ȦӡԸʮھʯôҿΪҲμӵһλȪ߻ս
ʮڣɫ΢΢һ䡣
һӶʮھʯҼƴΪĴҲһСĿˡ
վ˵Ҫȥ峤һ¡
ܹ㣡վͿ͡
ԵҪۣȷʵǳҵܷΧ
ʮھʯ˿۸ȷʵ̫ˡȻǲ̽Ϣ˵Եʵѹһ޵ߡһսоѹƼűߣ˭Ҳȷûˮ֡űߵʱˣܶ˶ۿˣ˭֪űߵΪ¾ԻǾݵϾ
Ҫ֪ʱϾҲǸĴڲ߲УΪűΪϾֲߵĿԸһЩ
ھԼ֮ʱֹ߰ӣ¥ˡ¥Ĵеڶ뾰ԽӴ
λԵ¥Ա¥ܲ¥Ը
ԭԸһǲҪȪطģʱǲġԭǣ¥ܲĸ߲Ը뾰ԽӴ̸Ӷ˿ܻ˳һЩ
Сѣ¥ܲ¥ԸԸԵסžЦ˵


2152 ƾʲô
ֻ
֮ǰʱǳƾʱԸȴƾСѡ
ȻǺں˶ԼĳνɴҲܿ¥߶Լ̬ϵĲҪ֪ϾǳƾΪѵģҲǿͬϾȻ̧پԵɣԸ¥ԾԵĳƺȷʵЩдˡ
ûϵֻҪ¥ܳԼĹӶѣʲôƺԶں¥ĲƸɱҵǿˡڲƸϣǰӰ¥Ҳ¥ȣֻ¥ܲȡ
СѣҵӦò³˰ɣԸ΢С
Ե˵ͷ
¥ԸΪСѳʮھʯĹӶѡֻҪСԸ¥μӻȪ߻սôʮھʯ̾ͿԽСѺԶͫ𡣡Ը˵
ʮھʯ
֣вЦһ
ԻΪ¥һҸߵĹӶѣȴ벻¥ֻʮھʯֿǻǾռ˴һҶʮھʯ¥۵
Цȴûʲô仯
Ը¥ʮھʯǲУʮھʯͲˡֱ˵
仰Ը¥ʱһԭŵ۾Ҳһŵı顣
ʮھʯԸ¥ǲǾ˵ˡ
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Ը¥һЦ
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¥ڽӴ֮ǰѾ뽹ҽӴҲѾӦΪ¥սӶʮھʯ
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ʹˣ˵ƾԼʵ˵ʮھʯֻǵһսĹӶѡȵ˵ڶֺ͵սҪĹӶѡҿСӾһͲ֪Լֵ٣ʮڹӶѶˡԸ¥˵
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Ҳ˵¡ϾݵƶԳ澯űߣɼű߲ǾǶơΪάԼϣɱűǺ飬űҲ֪һ㣬ԷϾ϶һʱͻߡһҲ¥ڲһλ߲Ա
ţô˵ҪʮھʯӶίʵ̫ˡȻԸⱻ¥ӶǾˡʹ˰֡
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¥뾰ԽӴ˫̸֮󣬾ҪʮھʯϢҲ֮ˡ
Ӱ¥ͳŵأȻҲ֪ܿ˾ҪʮڵĹӶѡ
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һγŵشӵǹŵصһսڳŵأս伶


2153 εѡ
ȪߣĴǼҪġǳŵػǰӰ¥ǳػȪڵԴ
ԻȪ߿Ĵ߾ȫ붴ߵӵˣҲĴ
ŵصս񣬰Ӱ¥ķүҵ峤Լ¥ʹЩˣȻҲǸ֮ǿ˵λߵˣЩ˶⼸䡣
ŵغͰӰ¥֪ԵҪ֮Ҳ˹ӶԵ뷨ԵʵĲǺķʮھʯΪֵáóʮھʯӶԣ̫ðˡ
ԵȪ߸סصһºԶͫ𴫳һѶϢĴȪս֮㽫ʽС
ȪսΪ֣ÿһֵݶһġĴֱɳԱսֵᣬ޵֮ԷʤǽһԶͫԴؾؾྭƵǿޣɱޱɻӦĻ֡
Ϊ˲໥ţĴĳԱؾȻΪĴĳԱȫؾҲֻ޵ߵĻ塣ɷ֮۵壬ؾ֮ڣ޵Ҳ֮ǡ
ΪҪ߱޵ߵʵҪ֧ŵģؾڣҲǳƣ룬ҪȽϳһʱŻָ
ȪսʼʱȷĴĸ߲֮䣬ԱýսϵܹȪߵܶһǾ޴ջ񡣻Ȫ߸߼ֻоŸĴ˭Լܶһ
սڼĴڲҲĽùӶĶȷӶһսѡڱȷˡ
Ҹ߲סķڡ
峤ˣأҲԵñȽѹ֡
ΪĿǰΪֹڲûȷһսѡ
峤˫ü峤ϵѹĺܴ󡣴峤֮˵ʵҵ½˺ܶ࣬˿һ·⵹ܹУΪ峤֮Ҿһηѡ
ȳΪ峤֮ǰ֮һ峤֮λġǸˣͬǳɫҲһȺʵӵ峤лʤǸ˲ԸȣԱ˽һȺӵֳңҲ֪Щȥʲôط֮ǾҲû˵Ⱥҷѳȥˡ
η֮ҵ½ˡǸ峤֮λˣ˲ҵǿߣڤվǿߣʹﵽʮλвǱߵ޵ߡʱָȻ޷ﵽ۷ʱڵˮƽ
Ϊʵ½ȪʱҲǴںεĵλ֮ǰļλȪߣҵĴжٵģһλȪ߿Ҿֻпһֱһѭ
峤һλȪսǱӶܹߡǼڲڤվ޵ߡǺһλҵĳϣ˵
⻰ǱȽϿˣʵҲӶܹߣǺȻᡣڲĳԱҪҵڤվӵ΢һЩοҲǿǼܹӴ
Ǿ֮⣬ܹʵǿļȷǲڵһֶսйӶ𣿡峤ȿܹ
ܹ߽Ӵˣλܹܡһʱ䣬ÿһܹ߶ӴˡҲӶܹʵǿǼ罹ġǸԭ֮£ǼǿܹߣûҴɹӶϵ
ͷ˵峤ҽӴ֮ǰѾ¥Ӷˡϱ֮ǰ˵ῼǱǹӶǰȥʱȴ˵ԶҪʮھʯĹӶѣҪӶҲóʮڵھʯǡܹʵǿ˵һ£Ҳδκһ˴ɹӶϵ
ʵڲУʮھʮڰɣϱϵһ°ɡ峤̾һε˵
ϱڵʵҲǼǿģ뽹ڲ֮䣬ƴɱ΢Ƚһ㣬ϱڷҪ΢ǿڽҡ
ҪʮھʯӶϱڣЩݡ
Ҳû취ˣǶ֪Ŀǰڤվ޵УҲǧǽǸεʵ˶Ҫһ㡣ңڵһսоͱ롣Ȱڰ֣ɫЩį


2154 ֵֵ
ȥϱڡ
ܹܣˣѾӦӰ¥ĹӶϱһϧĶ˵
ֱӾˡ
ѾͬʮھʯĹӶѹӶϱڣϱȴѾӰ¥Ӷ
ϱǡǰ̸ʱ򣬶˵Ҫȥһ²ܾǷóʮھʯĹӶѡĵҲЩŭġ
ǰδֱӾܾϱҪʮھʯֻ˵ȥ峤һ¡ɽϱȴĻش
ĺܱǸѾӦ˰Ӱ¥ҲΪˣһӶңԵȵһֻȪս̸ϱͿ͡
ص峤ȵǰ˵ϢȵҲŭ
ǺǡȷʵѾ˥ˡһڤվ˲ҵˡĿŭЦ˵
̾Ϣһ
˶٣˵峤ô죿ܹйӶһ
û˵һλ˵϶ҪӶܹߵģǧһˣľ֧ҪӶһܹߣſڵһսв̫ࡣ
ȥԣʮھʯ峤ȿ˵
ţ
ӶԣˣȻһۡ
ķʮھʯӶԣ̫ðˣֵð𣿴ʵǿǱϾûۼ˭Ҳ֪ʵǲôǿҾԷǳᣬ¶ûܹͷ
ȥɣǡûѡˡԾƴһѿɣȰ˰ֵ
ȥҾԣһεǺ˳
ԲδӶ˵ҳʮھʯӶѺ󣬾̾ʹӦˡ󣬾Ա㽫ҹӶϢԶͫ𣬵ȻĹӶѣʮھʯһ룬ҪԶͫġ
ʮھʯ⾰ԣܳסңһӶԶͫҲЩ⡣
ΪĴû˻ӶԵġ
Һϱ˵ĹӶѣʮھʯѡ
ϱҪʮھʯڰӰ¥Ӵ󣬳ʮһھʯĹӶѣҲͬˡ
ʱ䣬һζ
һգڻȪ߸ĴԱԼԶͫʮܹߣ۵һƬء
ȪսҪʼˡ
ҺķʮھʯӶ£ϢȻˣһƬ̾⾪̾УҲһЩΪǳˡ
ҵܹߣҲЩӣΪԵܹͷ̫ˡҺϱˣжЩʹ죬ΪҲܹߣǱҲ޷˵ʲô౳ﳰ䡣
峤ôֱѽңʮھʯӶԣ˾̾Ҹ˵Ϣʱ򣬻ΪǼٵءʹЦеĿ峤˵
ġңȷʵķʮھʯӶ˾ԡȿ˰һۣĮ˵
ϣʮھʯֵЦһ

滨ʮڣ
ģ峤Ƕ׿ڳˣ
Ƿˣ˵ҺϱڵĹӶѶʮھʯӶûʲôľԣʮھʯ
һΣҪʧˡ

ڳĲҲšڵĻȪսЩûֱӹϵҲǿ֡ЩжлȪߵͼڵȷˣֻŻȪ߿ǱԼѡﾳ޵߽С
ݵϾҲȺ֮СϾȷʵܴߣۼŲԵǿߣЩвҲϾھԵ顣Ƕ֪ݵ޵ߣݴһʱ䣬סϾۡһʱ䡣
ѣѣȵѣ֯ѣ
Զͫгĸ֣ĸˣĴڳ䡣¥ĵʹǳŵصս峤֯ǰӰ¥ķү
λǩսĳ˳򡣡Զͫ΢Цˡ
˳УԶͫ˹֣㿪ʼǩ
ʵ˳Ĵ⡣һһûκĳ˳򣬵һ¥ڶǰӰ¥ǳŵأĸҡ
ڳǩ˳˳Զ֣ͫϷһƾһĶ֡Զͫת̿ԶͫǰĿռڣʱһɫС
ɫоؾڡ
ʵؾҲһⷨԶͫķ
һֻȪսʼô¥սս߳СԶͫʹ˵


2155 
¥սˣһܹݵĽңڶ¥ڲ޵ߣֽҫ
ߵԶͫǰڵõԶͫ󣬱ϥ¡֮󣬴ӺɫдһɺƵӿϡԿӰ֣ת˲ûɫ֮С
Ӱǻ塣
ŽҺҫ˵ĻɫУԶͫһ࣬Ҳɷ֯γɵĹĻ
ؾûֶ٣ʵʱĳڷĻϡ
һյʱ󣬽һһ֡
յʱ󣬽ҵĻֱ֣ҫҲõһ֡
ÿһֻȪսʱһ졣ؾĻȫôսͻǰ˵岻Ҳؾͣһʱ䡣
˵ĻոսؾΣճ̶ȻܵͣԻϲڻĿԡһεڤվ۷޵ߣҲؾ֮ɱһʱ䡣
Ĵʱδ̫עŵ˵Ļֱ仯ϡؾտֲʲô룬ȵʱ֮󣬲ؾ޵ʵʱ
ԶǣҲµ޵߽һЩڻȪսˣڲ²ĴУһܹõĻȪ֡
ҺҫǼǿ޵ߣʵȫܹϲεǿߡҿ¥ĻȪӦûĴġĿ˵
ţҺҫλʦֵ֣Źˡ¥λսʤȷʵܴ󡣡
Ӱ¥Ҳ˵ǹӶϱʦ֡ϱʦֵʵҲȽʦֲʲôҪ˵ؾ˭ܼʱãϱʦָһ

Щﾳ۷޵ߣ񶼺˷ܡһȪڣǵļʶҲࡣǵûʲô޵ߵģ˵ǼԶͫĴԼˡ
вҲ̸۳ŵء
ŵһȽĵط޵߲ͬעصŵأڵһֻȪսûйӶԶͫṩܹߣڵһȻǴɳԼŵص޵ˡ
ŵص޵ʵ̫жϣ֣˵ʵжǿû˸Сŵأŵس޵ߣһһ׺
ʱƣҺҫ˵ĻԽԽࡣʱ˵ĻּѾӽ١
ʱ򣬰ʹѾЦݡΪʱҺҫ˵õĻȪѾﵽҪ
ܹؾڼʱѾǷǳѵˡһϲε޵߽ؾҲܼʱʱһʱ䡣
ֹ˲ʱҫ΢΢һ£۾ڴϢšɫ΢ԵЩ԰ס
Ļ壬ؾ֮ˡ
վҡҡͷԶͫ󣬱첽ص˰ʹ˵ߡ
ʹˣʧˡҫͷ˵
ĻؾѾ߾ȫˡ
£ѾˡңıǲúϢһɣʹҫ΢Ц˵
ҫһõһʮĻ֣ԱȪսĳɼֲˣеϵλá
ҵʵȻҪҫǿһЩĻ廹ؾɱҲڼ֮С
ʮھʯӶСѣȫֵõġʹЦ˵
ȵ˶˰һۣ⼸˶û˵ʲô
ȵʶĿ˿վФȻûʲô飬Ҳ֪ҵλ峤һЩʲô
յʱ󣬽һҲ˹
ȻҵĻؾˡҺҫˣؾڶûֵܼĸʱʱ䡣
ҵõĻһپʮӽٵ㣬ҫĻ֣һʮȪ֡
밵Ӱ¥ɳһֻȪսսߡԶͫӰ¥Ĺ֯ү
֯վ˵˵ͷ
ϱںһӰ¥ڤվ۷޵ߣӹ֯˳ȥͬǵִԶͫǰ
Ӱ¥սˣϱڵʵö˵뽹൱ʵǿߡһȫ֣СһЩˣĴ˽ⶼࡣӰ¥޵ߣأٹ¶棬Ҳǵְҵйء˵ʵ
һֻȪսĴ϶ᾡĲԼһ㣬¥ɳҺҫܿó
Ӱ¥ɳǺɫٶӿһƬƵɵ֮ڡ


2156 Գս
ĸʱʱ䣬Ӱ¥ɳ޵ߣǵĻҲؾ
Ӱ¥ڵһֻõĻȪ֣Ϊʮһ㣬¥ʮʮһ㡣߲ಢҲڲ֮䡣
ϱ뽹Ҳһûؾڼֳĸʱʱ䡣
лǳŵأŵɳ޵ߣԳŵڲԱŵص޵ߣ嶼ǳ࣬ȥըԡ
ʵϣŵص޵ߣǵĻؾ˵ЩԿġǵĻȻҲܷӳӽȫʵǻվǵͨȵģġ޵ߣǼûκӰ죬΢Ӱˡ
ŵɳһֻսսߣջõĻһʮĵ㣬Ҫ¥ͰӰ¥١
һлҡ
ҵһֳսľǾԺǧ¡
Сѣˣȿžԣͳ˵
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ȶԾԵʵûʲôģָֻˣžܹгɫķӣҪڻиϲֻҪԺǧ˻õĻܹŵصһʮĵС
峤һᾡġԿ峤һۣͷ˵
Ժǧ£Զͫǰ
˾Ǿԣ
ǧƯ˳ʵôֲ
ҳʮھʯӶԣǺô
峤ҲǴƴһ˰ɣ۷ʱڵʵѾ½˺ܶడȪߵᵽˡ
ԶһЩϵĴ
Щﾳ۷޵ߣε˽Ծָָ㡣
ȻľˣһʮھʯӶԳԿˡ
峤ңһֻȪսܻöٻ֣ʹЦп峤ʵ
һʮھʯӶԣؾܸҴܶȪֵġԼǧ£ҲİٷְɣҪȻʮھʯɾͲֵˡһ¥¥Ц˵
峤һ˵¥Щ䡣
峤Ҳ棬ΪλȥӶԣܹУҲмʵ΢ȽҺϱڲһģֻҪʮҵھʯܹӶӰ¥Ĺ֯үҲ˵
ԵʵδؾͲ罹ҺϱڡЩӲ˵һ䡣
Ǿ͵ſʹЦ˵
ЦУӵζ
վ峤ߵҳϣܹܣжһ̾ĵףûκεĵҲ֪ڵһսҵܻöٻȪֻ֡ţǧܵٷְʮھʯز˵Ҳˡ
ԺǧµĻ壬ͬʱؾ֮С
ؾṹܼ򵥣۵ľһƬҰԺǧµĻ壬վڿҰλá
ڽ֮ǰҲ˽ؾڵ
һᣬؾھͻ־ƵޡЩʵڤվ۷Σ޵սǷǳ뺷ģڤվ۷εޣһڤվ޵Ǵ򲻹ġ޾ƣǰǲıɱҲ˵ܹġֻҪӦ㹻Ǿͻһֱ
ǧһˣ䵭ӿʼڣû뾰ʲô͹ͨʱؾڣҲֻ䱸ܣû뾰˵˼
ʵǧ¶ھҪʮھʯĹӶѣҲǺܲ
ҵĹӶѲʮھʯ㾰ƾʲôҪʮھʯ
Ȼ峤Ѿ£Ҳ˵ʲôľߣҲûôߵʸȥ֡
ԣǺ˳۾ˡ
˵Ļ壬ڿҰϵ˽ӽһյʱ䡣
𣡡һ޴ĺ
ţ˵Ұڱһͷޣޡ֮ĿҰϣɱһͷޡ
ޣһͷְͨɫޣͺܾ޴󡣵Ȼڻ˵޵Ϳ˵ǽСˡ
޵ٶȼ죬ӽҰֽգ۵ʱ䡣
ǧȳ֣ķҲһֱչһ޸ǹȥƣ·ǽ޲ס
޵ǿֲƺٶȵǽҲܵӰ졣ǧ²ϵĳ֣һ˶˿ڡ


2157 
Щû䣬վһĴ֮һ޵ߣʵȷʵû˵ǧ£ǽǧڲɫһӵܡ
ûۼǵֶΣ²⣬ǧµʵȷʵӦ뽹ε޵߲ࡣֻǧսϸע䣬ʩչķҲˡڴɱǷȱɺͱ仯ϣȴźܴơ
ڤվ۷ޣǧǰǳٳûбɱǸ޷ǧ¡ʱţͷڤվ۷ޱȻᱻǧɱ
ԼǧӦһͷ޴´࣬Ҳûмų֣ʡǧΪ֡ǧ˶ǴҲμӻȪս˵ĻҲǷֿģ֮ǰؾڵսߣͬˡ
˴Լ֮һյʱ䣬ͷޱǧɱ
ؾ֮ⷨǽϣǧµĻֱһ֣ԵĻȻ֡
ǧСʵǿѽЦ˵һ䡣
ǧ²Ŀ˷Ŀ˾һۣûлӦ
ԸЦһҲ˵ǧȻǲԼԼҲȥֺá
һͷޱɱһյʱ޵Ӱ֡
𣡺𣡡ͷһ֣㷢ĺžԺǧ
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һˣǽͷ
üǧС㣬Ҫҳ֣
ߣãǧοڻӦˡ
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ޱɱ˰յһʱ䡣
Ĳɱ֮£ǧ治Ȼͷ޲ǧóȫʵ
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ֹһյʱ䣬һγֵﵽͷ
һξ׼֣ոǧ±˵㲻Ҫ£һ߿ţ
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ѧҲأͬʱͷ޻ɵӣӦǶεϷңѾյǿĲˡ۾վ￴ǧ½ͷȫɱ
ֻһΣǧûϢָʱˡͷ޸ոձɱԶǳ˰ͷޡ
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Ҳѹ֣ǽҵؾڶֲĸʱʱ䡣ֵ̫ˣֺҲȫסҺýؾڵֻ޵ߵĻ壬ǱǺѻųȥ
ɱ޺ǧµĻѾﵽ߷֣ԵĻȻ֡
峤ȵɫЩˡ
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峤ԵĻΪʲôһֱأʹ峤ˣЦ˵
ҵǧ£ʵͦǿġҿǧһ˽ؾҲһûʲô𡣡ʹ˵һ䡣
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ǧº;ԽؾŰʱʱ䣬˵ŵصս񿪿˵һ䡣
ʵŵ֮ǰҲǹӶԣΪҪʮھʯȷʵЩˣԳŵؼ߲ﾭ飬žڵһֻսɳŵڲ޵ߡһֻսٿǷӶܹߡ
ǺǣǽȥȻŹʱʱ䣬ӦѾɱ˼ˡһͷ޶ûɱҪ˵ںʲôɼһ治̫šǰ漸ٶɱˣ͸ɱˡʹЦ˵
ԾҲкܴĿ
֮ǰ¥ܲ¥ԸȥҾӶ⣬˫̸úܲ졣ǴʮھʯӶԣܸǺŹ֡


2158 ˢ
ԶͫԱߵķĻ˼
ԾԵʵһ˽ģҪ˵һͷڤվ۷޶ɱɲšôһֱ֣ΨһĽ;ؾڻûг֣ǹûȥɱޡ
ԶͫŰʹ̸ۣû˵ʲôֻоЩЦڰʹ̸Ц̾ԣһܾҪˡڱ;Զһͻжۡ
ҺϱˣܶûоʵǿԶͫа
ԶЩӣ۵ø࣬ܶ˶ѯϾԵǲڤվ޵ߵʵϾҲʷˣֱһ仰˵ˡ
ؾ֮ڡ
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޷һҵĺԴըѿӴҲ֮ȥ
ֻǽͷ޻ɱ
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Ǿԣȫûжܵ˼צº󣬾Ե棬ֳĽɫ·
ܿǧȻͷ޲ɱʵһֱע⾰ߵ
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ֻǽͿһͷ޵צĵ˾ԵǰԺܵļһѾԿǱֱӻ壬ǾǿҲñشСһ޵ߺܿ嶼ĳɷ۳
ԶǧЦЦ
ಣǧ°޵Ĺžλó
Ⱦԡ
ǧµı齹ҧűݣٶȳԡȻٶٿҲȾԡ
飡ͷ޵צصĽʵʵĻھԵϡ
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Ľɫ·ʱŷһҫĿĹâ
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ķӦ޷ʹ̫εġķǸ޵ʵ仯ġЩܹͷųǿܵķһԵƷǲ޵߱޵ֻܼڴܶܿơΪһеı˵
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⻹𣿵ȻǿطεطЦ˵ûһ㣬ҲãǧӦҲܲµ
Ҳ޵ߡŵص޵ߣ㶼ġǧ³Ծǣ޵ߣҲ˿ֲŵսߣؾвҲŻٶ
ǧ»ٶһЩϢѾԭ˳ȥһתۣԾ͵ʮͷм䣬ֱֳ׽ĻһԲȦʮͷʮͷһɾ޴ɨ˳ȥ


2160 ھŲ
ǧ漴ҲսȦ뾰նɱޡ
оԵֵʮͷ޴󲿷ֵĹǧҲɵúܣɽľڹϡ
ʮͷޱ½ɱɱʮͷǧɱͷԵĻʮ֣ǧµĻִ߷ŷ֡
޳ֱɱ߲޳ֱɱڰ˲ޱɱ˵ھŲ޳ֵʱѾͬʱʮͷˡ
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֮ǰҵؾڣҲȫǵڵھŲϣֻնɱ˶ͷھŲޡǰ˲ȫɱ⣬Ժǧһǻʮ֡
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Ҷ֪ζɱ޵ٶ̫ǳ죬ôʱڻٶĻ֡Уǧֻʮҡ
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ܹܻмλҳϣ嶼΢΢
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ҵĻѾٵ㣬ǴﵽԤˡ
峤ƾʵɱޣڻؾɱǧµ˵ͷЩ峤Ϊλ⡣
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2161 һֽ
Ȼ׶ǧ˵Ҳкܶ˲žôǿʵڿȷľǣʵһʮھʯӶӦòԿҵĻȪ֣Ȼ֮УҲ˵ؾڻɱޡ
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ҵĻ֣ѾİٵˡԼͻٶĻ֡
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ʱԸóʮھʯӶԼԼп޷ڵһֻս¶
Сѵ£ÿ̫ˣȫҵԤϡ峤飬С
ԶͫҲ˾һۣȫ˵һֻȪսˣİʮֻõһսĵһһȪ߸߼ڵĽ


2162 ڶֵҪ
֪򣬵׶ԶͫһһȪ߸߼̲סĿϲ
һֻȪսҴʱѾȪ߽һǻһǵһֻսлȡġһλȪ߿ҽһѡ
ʹɫԵһλȪ߿ʱ¥һĸȪ߽ġһΣֻȪս¥ԶһһҲֻ
֯үûʲô飬·񡣶ŵصս㣬һֱĿԡ
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һսڶսмֻʮʱʱ䣬˵ܶݡʱ䣬Ѿ߻ָģǱĴ¹Ӷܹߵġ
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ܹܣڵڶֻȪսУȻԱӶӶѲʮھʯҪ嵥ϵвϡԽһ嵥ݸ鿴
ó嵥༫࣬кܶ쳣ϡеĲϡݲϣħӡɱĲϡ
ħӡɱĲϣѾˣܽĲҲõ֣ôħӡɱϾȫˡ
ħӡɱĲϣֵܴﵽϰھʯˡ
ҪϾѼĲϣĲĲϣϾۡдֻϾûСͨ򣬾óھʯھʯֻǹϾۡûе衣
ԣϣȫֵϰҲ
ݲϵĶü
ǾþҪ̫ˣʵϰڵھʯҲΪֵİʮȪ֣ڵڶսлþ֣ôڶֵǸȪ߽˳ҲᱻСԣһڵھʯӶѣҲó
ǣҪĲһھʯһݲϡĲϣвٶǷǳģҿжûСҪݲϣҪʱ䡣
ݲУһЩұʱӦûСҪҵҪһЩʱ䡣žԣ֪ǷһھʯݲأȻȻȪսҲȫﾰѼݲϡ
Цҡͷܹܵ˼סҪӶҲμӵڶֻȪսڵڶսʼǰϽҵСܹܣǸˡ
ͻȥ峤Ǳߣ׼ݲϡҲǺܸɴࡣ
ܹܣóݲϹӶңһӦǵġһ㣬Ҳת峤˵
ףģһὫ˼ת峤֪ͷ
ʵҲڶֻȪսܹӶĿѾСˡҪʮʱڽݲϴ벢͵ǳѣ


2163 һ˼
ȥ峤ԵҪҲԴؼٶѼҪĲϡ
ж֪Ҫһ֮ڽϴ룬ǲܵ顣ҾһʱϣµʱҲѾӶˡ
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2164 
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ڵ֮ǰҲЩĵġ
ʵҲ¥޴ǼȻҪӶԣ϶׼׵ͲӦʱȥвԡǾǹͷҲڵһս¥ŪôˡЦ˵
ʵҲˡ
ӰڼԺֱóϣȷӶϵҲûͰӰ¥ˡԣϾӰƬ̡
¥޴׹ˣϰߵκεط߸ϣϰ߸һȡ֯ҡҡͷ
¥סء
δ̫ˣԸ¥ŭǳ⡣
ţӰص¥סأνһ顣ȻЩͼӴףԵĲ̬˵š
ʹʱĿ¶ˡ
ҪĶ潫Լһˣһڤվ޵ߣҲ¥ǰʹͳڴڻصԸӰ˶оʹе⡣
ò־Ⱥߣڶ¥־ڱصãʹһת˵
ţڳˣһ
Ҫ־Ⱥ
⡭
ʹˣò־ȺЩӰü
ʹеĲ־ȺҲڤվ۷޵ߣδϲΡǣ־Ⱥǵ¥ڲģ¥ܲ
ڴ˴λȪսʼ֮ǰ־Ⱥ¥ϳ˰ĵ¥ܲ
Ϊ䲻ǵܲò־ȺμӻȪսЩزϡ


2165 
ȪսĴɳĳսֻԴһԶͫṩܹߣһĴڲ޵ߡ
־ȺǴ¥ܲϳģȻǰʹڵ¥޵ߡҲԭԲ־Ⱥ˴βδһȪߡ
ʱڳʹҪ־ȺЩϾԶͫ¥ҪһصġԶͫԶͫҲֱӾܾò־ȺμӻȪս
ò־ȺһԪϴԶͫôҲø¥ԪϴӰɣЦ˵
ıŭˡ
ԭûоð¥ͲҪò־ȺǿԱȽɵõĸȪ߽ϴλȪ߿¥õһò־ȺսȪ߽δܻˡ
Ԫϡڳˣһ
¥ڳˣ¥ҲǹˣȻ԰˵Ԫİ
¥ܲϳ߲ɲ֡¥߲ΣԪϻᡣ
ʹˣ̴Ѷȥò־Ⱥ̸ڹȫüμӵڶֻȪսӰ˵
˵ͷ뿪˴¥ϳһԪϣߵ
ڶֻȪսʼʱӽʱʱ䡣
ԶͫסڣԶͫȡԼĴѶѶڵӡ֮ɫ΢΢һ䡣
˿ϻָЦݣǰã
ԶͫΪĹ
ԶͫѣϷɵǰ֡Ǳߵ
ǰУǰԶͫ˵
ԶͫѣһҪ㹵ͨһ¡Сһв־ȺСһҪμӵڶֻȪսҾȺͨͨ
λǰ¥Ԫϡ
ŶԶͫΪͻȻѶԼˡ
ǰ־Ⱥǰʹ޵𣿡Զͫʵ־Ⱥ϶ǰʹģǰ޵ߣͲҪ¥ԪԼͨ
Զͫ־Ⱥ֮ǰǸڰСߵģǰ־Ⱥͱ䵽ˡԺ󣬲־ȺСһҲһֱŰҾ㲻֪־Ⱥض˵һ¡Ц˵
ԭǰ˼ҶˡԶͫ˵
ţпյĻϷͨѶ˻ȥδѶҲͽˡ
ѶжϺԶͫɫʱֱ߸߹Ķ
ˣʱ򣬴֮һ˽
Զͫɫٻָ˵
Դ˽Զͫ
Сѣ£ԶͫЦʵ
ǵģԵͷˣѾ밵Ӱ¥ڵڶֻȪսнӶϵӶѣһݲԴ˹Ŀ
ԽħӡɱĲ嵥Զͫ鿴
Զͫ΢΢һ˵ƺħӡɱĲϣӰ¥Ǻð
Զͫʲô֪ݲħӡɱãȫھԵԤ֮Сң֮ǰҲԶͫǰʹùħӡɱһķ
˵һ㶼ûħӡɱҪݲϡԣھʯֿǲַáԹ˵
ùӶãҪһԶͫġһУʮھʯӶԣԱǽжʮھʯϽԶͫ
ȻԣСѣݲϾۼ۰ʮھʯˣֻҪʮھʯɣԶͫǺˬ졣
ۼ۰ʮھʯԲԿݲϣֵһھʯңҪһڡԶͫ˵ۼһڣǾҲ޻˵ֻۼ۰ʮھʯѾǾռˡ
л˳ȫԵл
óʮھʯϲԼʱҪԴּʮھʯʮھʯӽԶͫ𡣾ϵھʯֻֻʮڲʮڣҪóԴּۡ
ˣȸˡԶͫǡ
Զͫͷ
ھԼ뿪ʱԶͫͻȻֿڽס˾ԡ
΢΢һתˣԸ
СѣڶֻȪսǻһЩҪԶͫ˵һ䡣


2166 ڶֿʼ
ԴԶͫס뿪һֱڿԶͫǾ仰ʲô˼
ڶֻȪսܻб
仰֮⣬ԶͫûжԾ˵ø࣬ҲԶͫ׷ʡ
ˣôʲôڶսǴӰ¥սΪǡҡҡͷԺ
ԱӰ¥ӶϢҲѾڻȪ߸ܶ˶֪Ӱ¥һΪ˹Ӷԣķ˼ֵϰھʯԴϡӴһԴѰϲǿ¶Ƿǳۺġ
ǾڵһֻȪսлٶ֣ȷƾԼʵáǿʵĻؾѵμӵڶֻȪսܱ۷ʵ𣿡
ҿӰ¥ҲǱ̼ˣڵڶսûлô֣֪Ҫô졣
û˵ڶӶԵģɲֹӰ¥¥˵¥ͬóҪвϣѡ˱Ӱ¥Ӷ
̫ˣһھʯ

뵽֮С
ҺͳŵصĳԱ֪ԱӰ¥ӶҲֻ̾ϢһѼԴ棬ȷʵԶԶ¥ͰӰ¥
Ҳ̫̰һλȪ߿Ѿ˴ˡȪսֲŽѾס峤˵
峤˵ǣ
һλȪ߿ҾһһαϴΣѾúܶˡ
ûǵһֵĻİʮ㣬ڶҲȫûлͺá˴ҲܱȽϿÿҲû˹־ԲҹӶϾѼԴ̫ˣܹóһԴҲǺԸⱻҹӶġ
ھڶֻȪսʼʱʱһɫߵִֱʹǰ
ˣǲ־Ⱥˡ
ʹ־Ⱥʹ
ڳˣ־Ⱥѹûбʾкô򡣶ԸЩˣǶû¶õɫ෴ĻЦݿŲ־Ⱥ
־Ⱥˣе˵
ʹˣ֮ǰѾ˵ʹʲôҪֻܷԸǡ־Ⱥ˵
־Ⱥ¥ϳǱĵ򣬶Ե¥һԱԸӰЩˣȫںǱȽذλʹġ
ʹֱܹԪϹͨĵʹҲǲһġ
ܺã־Ⱥ仰ҾͷˡڶֻȪսʼͻ˳ս
УҲǰ̳һڤվ޵ߣսͬǿ
ǣ־ȺӦ
ʱʱ䣬ܿ͹ȥˡؾ֮ǰڶ޵ٶȾۼڴˡ
ԶͫҲʱؾ֮ǰĿȾͿ¥ʹߣҲվڰɫ۵Ĳ־ȺԶͫʶ־Ⱥ֪־ȺڵһֻȪսʱδڰߣԲµ˲־Ⱥݡ
Զͫһ
ǳϲ¥ƻΪѶ˵£ܲӡȻܲǻò־Ⱥ¥ս
ȻҲ¥һйء־Ⱥǰ͵˰ߣԺҲڰߣоЩطý綨־ȺˣԶͫò־Ⱥ¥ս
Զͫ˿ȫ˵ڶֻȪսڿʼս˳һֻȪսս˳һʹɳ¥ĳսߡ
΢΢һЦ˵¥ĳսߣΪ־Ⱥͻˣ
ţ־Ⱥͻ˱߳ȺԶͫǰ
־Ⱥ˭
֮ǰƺû
ѽ¥ڤվ޵УƺûдˡܹУҲûдˣʲôʱȪߵģ
һЩ˽
峤ˣҲüŲ־ȺڻȪս֮ǰĴ䶼ǻ˲پɳڲ޵ߡ־ȺǶûκӡ󣬿˵ûʲô˽⡣
ˣ־Ⱥ֮ǰΪβ˵Ӱ¥Ĺ֯үһѯʡ
ˣ¥ɳĲ־ȺⲿԱɣվҲü˵
ߣ¥ĳԱģǲ֪ģȥˣʹ˵
ѺôĿƬ֮ڣҰӰ¥̽Ϣ˵ûУĲ˵ȥˣ֯үЦһ


2167 
Ӱ¥ҲǺǵĴڣӰ¥ϳһڣӰҲúܹ㡣֯үܲ¥ԿǶ԰ûʲôµġ
֮ǰѾұ־ȺսϢ־ȺϲμӻȪսʸ񡣡Զͫ𷢻ˡ
ʵδȴֱӸѶˡ
Զͫ˵ˣ֯ҲͲٶѯˡ
Ӻɫڣһ¹ӿ־Ⱥ뻴еĻ弫ٽؾ
ԵĿҲ˲־Ⱥһᣬ뵽ʱ֮ǰԶͫ˵Ǿ仰²⵽Զͫ˵ıʲôˡ
־ȺǷͬһ㡣
ӣֿʹʱϵı͸šǰ¥ĳԱͬˡ
֣ǰӰ¥ǵڶһؾ֮󣬾ָˡվھһӰ¥Ա˵
ǰӰ¥һڤվ۷޵ߣһ뾰һؾΪӰ¥μڶս
һᾡҲö˵ʲô
ᾡðӰ¥µڶ˼ұϾǺķϰھʯ
ллӰ¥Ա֣̬֮жԾЩάζ
ʱһš
ڶֻȪսУ¥Ļֲϵ¥һսлõĻʮ㣬ҵĻȪ֡Ӱ¥Ļڵһʮһ㣬¥ʮһ㡣
ڶֻȪս¥ĻֻȡٶЩ찡
ǰȵһʱûٶȿ˺ܶࡣ
Ǹ֪ʵҪȽҡϱǸ΢һЩǲ־ȺƺǿһʱĻֶϰˣнŻʮȪ֡
Ļϣ־ȺĻԶԶеĻ֡һʱʱȥ˻ּѾһŷ֡ݻƶϣ־Ⱥ˴ʱؾ߲޲ɱҵ߲ʮͷ޼ɱ⡣
ǰ߲ޣһһٶʮͷȫɱһٶʮߵ֡
ֹһʱ䣬־Ⱥͻ˵Ļۼӱһٶʮߵ㡣Ѿ߲ȫɱ⣬ͽӭӵڰ˲ޣһ޵һٶʮͷ
ʱٶȹȥһ󣬲־Ⱥͻ˼ֱ˶ʮ㡣ʱ־Ⱥ˽ؾǿʱӡ
ʱ򣬾ٳٶ۵ˣҲʶ־ȺĿֲˡʮ֣־Ⱥͻ˽ӽٶʮ֡
֯үɫѿˣӰ¥ôĴۣӶԴӰ¥μӵڶֻȪսǶԵڶҲڱصõġڣⲻ֪ʲôطðĲ־ȺʵȻ˵Ŀֲȥ㰵Ӱ¥оԳսܶõڶ
үǲ־ȺϿ϶ǰ޵ߣǴġ룬ܿ¥ܲϳһӰ¥ԱԹ֯˵
֯˫üʱҲôΪǣԶͫ𶼳ǲ־ȺԲμӻȪս֯Ҳ޿κΡ
Ļϣ־ȺĻٴα仯ȻھŲѾ־Ⱥͻɱһһյʱ󣬲־Ⱥͻ˵Ļּٵ㣬һڿ֮СֹһᣬŵĻ۾Ļؾ
кһվƣص˰ʹߡ
ʹˣ־ȺʦʵǿֲҴδ֮ǿڤվ޵ߡе̾˵
Ȼ־Ⱥ¥޵ߡǳЦ˵۾з춢ŷĻ
ٶʮ㣡ʮ㣡
ʮ㣡
ʮ㣡
ĻϣеĻֹͣʮһ㣬־ȺĻٶȴû̫ļĸ˻֣Ѿٵ㡣
ʮ֣¥ڵڶֻȪսлõĻ֣ѾڵһֻȪսеĻ֡
峤սҲüŷĻ
峤˿߼ҲμӵڶֻȪսˣ̾Ϣһˣ⣬ؾٵֿ¶ԻáҪҳս޵ߣһӵܣһԶͫṩܹߡ˵ʵȲǧ¡ǸΣ˵ҪٻȪֶǾ޴ս
ܻٷ֣ϵһֵİʮ֣һ߰ʮֵӡڣ¥ֻּѾǴﵽ߰ʮ֡ڶƺǲ̫ܵõˡ
սֱӾͷˡŵڵһսлֻһʮĵ㣬ڶ־İٵ֣Ҳòµڶ


2168 ĿԴ
սҲѵúܣ֪ŵزܶõڶҲ̫ҡһս͵ڶսֻһսȴ˶Ҫȫڵֶһ
һʮһ֣
¥ڵڶֻȪսУѾõһʮһִ֡ǣؾڵھŲֵ޾Աɱ
ʮһ֣־Ⱥİʮ֡
ʱ򣬲Զڶﾳ۷޵ߣûʲôˡеĿ⣬ŷĻǾ˵Ļ֡
һֻȪսУһ˻ٶѾ˱⡣ڣǲ־ȺõĻȫѹ˾ڵһսлõĻȪ֡
֯ѣǺǡǲ˼ڶ¥ԵɫĹ֯
Ӱ¥¥Ӷԣ԰Ӱ¥Ҳܲʹ졣
ѣҲ˵̫磬ڶֻȪսδһж˵˵
Ȼ֪Ӱ¥õڶϣãûϣˣϻǲ䣬ҲԽԽ˳ۡ
ǾĿԴֻϣʱ֯ѲҪǰھʯʹһ
ؾڵĲ־ȺʱʵҲ;ƿݵĵزھŲֵȫɱ֮ѾǳأȻҲָָͲάġΪ˽ھŲȫɱ⣬һķַļ
ҸʹᵽôĻ֣Ӧ㹻ˡ־Ⱥת
ˣҰԶˣ޳ˡ
ھŲ޵ʮͷ˵ʮ޵һʮͷ
־ȺҡҡͷޣƴɱһᣬֻɱͷޣĻͱȺ˺顣
ԶͫǰĲ־Ⱥ۾ɫԵò԰ףĿҲһҰԼԼһսеķǳҪܾòָܻù
־Ⱥվ߻صʹߣԺ߹˹֡
־ȺˡЦ濴Ų־Ⱥ
ʹˣӦġ־Ⱥƣ˵
־ȺϿϢ˵
־Ⱥ˵ͷĿתԣȪ߸Ѿ˵˾ԵͻȻðһΰʹҲҪ־ȺμӻȪս
Ըо˲־ȺĿ⣬ҲĿ־Ⱥ˵ĿУž⣬Ľ
Զͫٶȿڵ֯ѣɳӰ¥սߡ
֯˵ͷԺһӰ¥ڲĳԱ
СѣͺáǶû뵽ô޳ܣȻƻⲿμӻȪս֯ԾԵ˵
֯Ծ˵仰Ҫ밲ԡڿڶӰ¥ǲ̫ܶȡˣӰ¥ǱġڶֵĻܶһЩôжİյȻ͸һЩˡ
һᾡģүġԵͷ
󣬾ԺӰ¥޵߱ߵԶͫǰϥ¡
Զ֣ͫɫн˻ؾ֮ڡ
ʹŷĻϵĻ֣üЦտ¥Ըˡһʮ֣ڶһʮĵּ֣ǰ˰ʮ֣֡˭ܳԽ¥ջڶǰ϶ˣ
ʵǰʹΪڳĿеˣҲΪ
ڵһְոһľԣҲ졣
Ȳ˵μӻȪսʵǷܹ۷壬ֵܹһսеʵҲðӰ¥ôĻȪ֡Ӱ¥ҪõڶôڵڶֻȪսУҪٶʮ֣ǲ¥Ļһ
Ӱ¥һ
һھʯѽǺǣ֯үȻʲôû˵ĶڵѪǰӰ¥ԴҲǴġ
ǲ־Ⱥʵǿֲ
ǰʵжǿһڤվ޵ߣôоȶǿ߻Ҫǿǿ߽ؾܻôĻȪ𣿡
Զ޵ߣָֻ
յʱ󣬰Ӱ¥Ļֱ仯ˡӰ¥ڶֻȪսõĵһ֣Ǿոġ
վؾڵӰ¥޵ߣžЩ¡Ϊǵһͷ޳ֺ󣬾ֱӳȥһǽͷ޸ˡ
ûһһͷڤվ۷ޡ
ҿʲôҾʲôԣڤվڤվһɵһͷڤվ۷ޣӰ¥Աӡ


2169 Ц
ڵһսʱؾڻȽ⣬Ҫǿ֮͹еնɱޡڶֻȪսؾڣʩչħӡɱޣһɱ
ԡӰ¥ԱСʱЩڸĸо
Ӱ¥Ա֪֯үԾԵʵûлɣһ֯үҲȷڵһսǷǽĳЩⷨնɱޡ
㾡ɱ޼ɣĽҡԿһˣ˵
ǣصͷ
ڽؾ֮ǰԾ˵ʹżֺãԾԵ̬ǷǳǷԷθġ
Ӱ¥Ļֻš
һ㡢㡢ߵ㡢ʮ㡢ʮһ㡢ʮ㡢һٶʮߵ㡭
֯үޱ顣
¥ڶջĻȪ֣һ޷Խĸɽǰ
ڰ˲ɱ⣬˻ʮֶ֣ǾԻá
ڵھŲ޳֮£Ӱ¥Ա
۾ʱ˿̣Ȼ޷ƽۼʵһڤվ޵ߵʵֲ˹
ص˹֯үߡ
֯˿δѯʲô֯ʵȥʲôˡڿԵսȷʵ׺μӻսҲû̫ܵӰ졣Ǿ԰Ӱ¥ڵڶлİٶ֣Ȼǲù¥ġ
Ӱ¥ԱҲûѯʻոԱ
үӰ¥Ա̲סˡ
ţ֯Ϣзһ
үǾʵ쳣ֲȴء
ţԵʵȷʵǿ󡣡֯˵ͷ
նɱڤվ۷ޣһһ˼˵
ʲô֯üͷһ壬Ҳ̧ࡣ
ˣ޷ؾֻͨĻӦ֡
үһɾڵһֻȪսУδȫԸҲֻõİʮ֡ѹ˵еĲ²˵˳
֯ˣ˿Ŀзųâ
ʵڵһֻȪսбʵ
֯үü㾰ڵڶֻȪսУøĻ֣ҲѳǸ־Ⱥ
ǻ޵߲˵ȻҲҿ϶ܻñȲ־ȺĻȪ֡
ٰʮ㣡
İٵ㣡
İһʮ㣡
Ӱ¥ĻȪ֣еֱСˡЩ޹صҲ΢΢ЩӰ¥ڵڶսлõĻ֣ѾԽԽӽڵһսлõĻ֡
İʮ㣬İʮ㣡
ˣ
̫ˣ⾰ԣˡ
ǰڿӰ¥㲻ܶõڶҲһڵսжһ
Եʲô˼һλȪսȻһӳµļһԣǸ־ȺѰ۹
ڹѹ͵УӰ¥ļ
İʮ㣡İʮ㣡
ģӰ¥ڶսлѾİٰʮˡ
¥İʹϵĵʧˣȡ֮һ˿أһЩ̫õԤС
̫ˣ־ȺܲķԴ־Ⱥڤվ޵ߣһ̤ϲΣ̾ΣȺܶʵҪǿҲûٲ־Ⱥڤվ޵ߡǾԣʲô·ѵҲĳʹͷת߰뷨Ժ֮
ʹˣӰ¥Ļ֣Ѿﵽٵ㣡ڰʹߵ˵
ûӰ¥ڶսлõĻ֣Ѿﵽٵ㡣ϵһֵĻ֣ǰ˰ʮ㡣¥ĻȪּ֣ǰ˰ʮ֡
ؾڵľԣȻѾҪؾڵھŲɱˣ
ʹĶŷĻҲճȭͷ
ؾڵľԣھŲһͷնɱ³һĿۣԶɫʡ
һʮһˣ԰ҪðӰ¥õڶôһٻóʮĵ֡
𣡡
¡¡
ʮ޳֣һʮͷޣһƬɫ˳񱩵˷أȵվԭء
ɲ֮䣬Ⱥ뾰ԽӴ
Խ黯͹ͬʱʩչҲܴͬʱʩչ黯͹ѹСһЩٶͷ޵ĳίʵ¡
ʩչħӡɱû֮׾ɱסޡ


2170 һּ
ؾеھŲޱȫɱ󣬰Ӱ¥ǰֻֻ¥ǰֻʮĵ㡣
ʮһʮͷγɺѹѹ޳Χм䣬Կ쵶նɱʮͷ֮˵ֵ޵Ĺ
Ӱ¥ǰְֻ˰ʮ߷֣¥ǰֻȪǰ˰ʮ֣Ӱ¥ĻȪֱ¥һ֡
ʹĻϰӰ¥ֳֻ¥һֺϵļ⼱ĵףЩ
ΪڶȪ߽ϧ־Ⱥй¥ԪԶͫͨΪڶѾ¥УʱĿŰӰ¥ĻȪֳ¥ĿѼӷˣȴıʲô
󲻳Ծôġ
ʱİвҲЩڣȻǷŭԼԾԵĺ⡣ǾԴ¥Ȫ߸߼ڵĽ
Ӧһ룬¥ҲлӶԵģ¥ֽ͸˰Ӱ¥
Զͫǰľԣ΢һ£۾
Ӱ¥ڶֻȪ񣬻Ϊٶʮ֣ǰֻӣӰ¥ֻ¥һ֡һҲѾ㹻ˣֻǶһ֣һֵǰӰ¥Ķ¥ġ
Ӱ¥Ĺ֯үϵļͬڲš۾ɴ󣬶ŷĻƺЩŵӡ
¥ǲ־ȺõĻȪֺ󣬹֯үʧȥģȫû뵽ԾȻܰӰ¥¥ĻȪ֡
̫ǿˣ
̫׺ˣ
һݼֵϰھʯĲԴӶѣȫֵõġ
֯ү˿Զİʹһɥı飬֯үֻкһȪ
̫ʹˣ
Ӱ¥һ¥İʹͷһ鳡֯үԼжʱû˳ˡ
úøлСѣԣҪлǹӶȻض˵Ӷ֮⣬Ӧٷһǡ֯үа˾
ʱ˭Եǿ
ؾڣܹնɱʮ޵ģ󲿷޵߶ڤվĲΣɱʮޣԺһ̤ϲΣʵжֲӰ¥ȻҲΪ˽ύһȽǿ߶¶ٹ򣬵֯жԾһڴþԺĳɾӦòϣܹﵽεġ
һЩԴ֯ںӰ¥ƴ֣ͳʮھʯҲ޷ܵ顣֯Ϊڤվ޵ֵðӰ¥ύ
ʱ򣬾Իص˹֯үߣԹ֯˹֡
үҲЦ˵
СѣĻҾͲ˵ˡȻȪߵ뾰Сúһ𡣡֯ϲԾԵ
үˡԵ
Ӱ¥ڳˣҲԱл⣬ԼӦӰ¥ߵգ¥Ǳߵգȫ״̬¥ˣɫһһڣ˿Ե񶼳ŭ
νлȪսչֳʵҲȫ޵߶ʶԵʵȷʵֲҲѹ֣ԸĴҪߵĹӶѣȫֵǸǮڻɾʵˣǾӽˮ޿ɾҩˡ
ѣɳŵصĳս߰ɣԶͫ˵
ԶͫԾԣҲµʶʵھԲμӵڶֻȪս֮ǰԶͫҲһΪڶضᱻ¥á벻Ľ
Ӱ¥ֻֻ֣¥һ֣ǲǾԹΪ֮ģ
ڵһֻȪսлٶȪ֣ڶֻõĻԶһ֡Ҳ˵ڵһսбһʵôڶأ᲻Ȼ˲ʵأ
ԶͫĻվɳ˳ŵصսߡһδŵصĳսߣǳŵڲԱ˶ԶͫṩܹߡվڶŵǲˣڶսֻҪܹӣ˻ȡĻܹﵽҼɡ
ŵصսʱҽŵص޵ߣջõĻǿﵽٷֽ֡ŵصĻּһʮ㡣
ڳŵصս󣬱ֻʣһûнеڶֻȪսҳսģһڲӵܣһܹߡսߣڵڶֻõĻͬǰٵ㣬ֽҵĻּ߰ʮ㡣
ĴĵڶֻսԽֻȷӰ¥԰˰ʮߵְεͷ


2171 Ҫ
ĴĻ֣ڷĻһĿȻ
λѣԶͫĿ⣬Ĵλ
ڶֻȪսѾսĹսȪֵߵõڶȪߵôڶڻİӰ¥Զͫ𻺻˵
ԶͫдʱҲʹġ
¥ƻܲ⣬ֻǰԪϵӣֻѹŭǲ־ȺμӻȪսڵǣ¥ƻ˹ȻûܶȡڶȪ߽ԶͫȻˬúܡ
¥Ǻ𣿲ǿ𣿲ҲһóԱ
ʹ˿ɫ࣬ȴһ仰˵ǷĻϵĻ֣ǴۣڵһλİӰ¥Ŀǰֻܻ¥һ֡ɾһ֣ѹס¥
û취
ʮʱ󣬵ֻȪսʼλ׼һ°ɡԶͫ΢Цת뿪
ֻȪսᡣܻǰģܻһ
սĴĻǣӰ¥ڵһλΪ˰ʮ߷֡¥ڵڶλΪ˰ʮ֡ڵλΪ߰ʮ˷֡ŵڵλΪһʮ֡
ĿǰŵصĴΪѡȻԱᣬǰɻһŵԺѶȡһŵǰĻֲȽϴ
սˣսҪȡһֻйӶˡŵһ߲Աս˵
սͷǰܴ󣬾ǻٵңҲǶһٶܹ֡ӶԳսֽǳŵصĻǵס
սˣǳŵزֻмǱȫԸᵽȪߵȪʯ޵ҲҪһ˿˵
ţֻǣԵһֹӶʮھʯڶֹӶѱһھʯֵĹӶѣ֪Ҫ١ǰ˵һλ߲΢ü
ҪٹӶѣǶþ㡣ֻϣҪЩϡĲϣǳŵغѶʱŪЩĲϡս
սˣھȥ̽̽ڷ磿ŵ֮ǰ뾰ԽӴ޵߳˵
һΣȥԡսҡͷ˵
Զ΢΢һ㶡
սˣԼԣսǿǳŵεˣԶͫǰƽȵݡȥһڤվ޵ߣ
ȻʵǿսܿܳԽǿߣε޵ߣҲûʸսԵš
ˣǶö˵ھȥԡսվӴ˳ȥֱԵľȥ
Ŀ񣬸о˴۾
ڶֻȪսУɱʮ޳֣ʵǿԼɱ޵ġֶΣҲûоã깥һǿɱﵣԴʼնûʹùԸؾھƵޣɱӦûɣԲޱҪʹ깥ֶⷽΡ
Կ˵ڵľԻǺɵģ귽Ҳ޵ܵӰ졣
ԿսҲ΢΢һæվ
սεǿߣսҪҪǿöࡣԶ֣ͫҪɱսҲѡԶͫԻսȴѽɱ
ǰôˣԼͬʱʵ
ȷʵЩԾ
СѲض񡣡
ӱȽֱҲϲĨǵģҹΪ£žСӦҲܲµȪսҳŵѾǳСҪٹӶѣܴҳŵسսսȷʵǳֱӡ
΢΢ü
սڹӶãȷʵѾпǹʵϣڻȪս֮ǰѾˡ
ǰҪĶŵزЩΡ
Сֻ˵ǣֻҪЩŵضʱ޷ĺϾСսڰ˵
ǰҪһȪߵһ˵
ʲôսҲЩ
׼㾰ҪھʯŵҲӦҲû뵽ҪĶȻǽȪߵ
ôܸ
ֻȪսĴŵأΪǶٸԣֺα᣿
Сѣ㲻ǿЦİɣսɬ
ҡͷ˵սӶѾһȪߵĽ


2172 Ե
ȪʯԾԼΪҪһȪߵڶھõȪʯ
Ȫ߸߼ڵһ;ŸŸĴͨȪս䡣£Ը޷õȪߵֻԹӶѵʽ⡣
սģҲûŭֻоþЩˡΪŵصսҾӶ⣬ɾȴҪһȪߵĽ
СѣҪһĻµвκһӶ㡣ĴڵսУҲܶһѡսҡͷ˵
֪ЦЦ
սŵعӶңҴӻȪ߳ԽڶڵõȪʯе͸ŵءԼ˵
սü
Сѣ޷ŵضһأҳŵأڵĻȪ֣Ҷһٶ֡սص˵
ҲܰﳿŵڵжȡһǳŵȻҪһȪߵսҪһ㡣˵
ǰֻȪսУԶδȫԸڣŵصĻȻȽ϶࣬ŰٷְٵİŵؽȪֳȥ
սԾԵĻǱȽŵģڻȪսǰֵıּľˣڶսаӰ¥ʵ־תսþԿڵڶսжûȫԸ
սƬ̣ҡͷ˵СѣҪȪߵΪӶѣҳŵʵ޷ӦҲܴӦ
ǰʱҾ˵ŵزӦҡҡͷЦ
СĲܸıӶ𣿡ս
ǵʱսȻûκвѹԵ˼ǰûսͨνӴԶսӡȷʵͦõġ˵սǿԹԼ̸ԾǼӡϢȻǵ𶯡
ȷʵܡǸ
ȻˣҾˡս˵ͷ׼뿪
ǰȴסս
ţսסžԣһΪԸı⡣
ǰ֪ŵкܶ޵һȼѪطؾˣʹôطڵֶȡһġԻ˵
ӣԳŵص޵ҲһЩ˽⡣ŵص޵ߣͨһ־ѵķʽֱӻÿֲ־ѣѵľѪͨһطȼѪڶʱڻǿܡ
ֻȼѪڳŵص޵˵кܴĸáһ޵һȼѪôԺȼյѪԽ࣬ӰԽ࣬пֱ䡣Ϊˣŵص޵߲򲻵ѣǲȼѪġ
սԵ˵ͷŵ޵߿ȼѪÿⲻܣ˵ҲûʲôԾ顣ֻǣýؾ޵ȼѪڻǵĵ;ؾ޵ߣҲǳŵشģһס޵ȡһȪսҲЩ֪Ƿʡ
ǰýؾƴһѡѪȼպܵӰ죬ʱһæа취Ǻ֢Ҳ˵аٷְٵİձضӦɵİաԼ˵
ʲôսסˣ۾Բžԡ
ŵ޵ͨȼѪȡĸãҩɽġҪн;սҲͲˡ򣬻ȷʵڽȼѪõķǿҪĴۣǳŵض֧ŵĴۡ
ڣȴ˵ԿѪȼµĺ֢ԣɵİգ
սһӦǳԾȻ޷ţǱɻ󡣾޵ߣȻĿǰֻڤվΣӦò޵ķʸɣ˵˵󻰣ʲôôأ
Ѱ޷Ǹ鷳֮ǰǴľѾܶˣͨǡ
Сѣⷬģս˿Ŀƿžԡ
ţȷʵһЩտŵ޵ȼѪĺ֢ЦЦ˵
սӾԾ뿪ǸӡصŵڹŵصĳԱӭ
սˣǾԿɴӦǹӶ
սˣô˵ģһҪٹӶѣҪԴɣ
սȥʱŵҲ


2173 ֲ
УҲڴϾսԳ棬ǾôҲøսһӰɣ
ǳŵڵֻȪսУ޷Ӷˡսҡͷ

⡭
ԣδҲ̫˰ɣ
ǿǳŵ𣿡
˾ȣҲ˾÷ŭսԳˣǾԶӶȷʵò˶ԾԲ
ֻȪսҾǳŵزӶܹˡǣҲҪ־СѡȥŽӴҵ̬ϲ⡣ս˵
ս˵ŵ˶˵ˣֻǴһĿпԿǶԾв
˭Ըڵֳսս򳿹ŵڤվ۷޵ߡ
ڤվ۷޵ߣͬʱУҪΪŵزμӻս
ȱżǳŵǰ֮󣬻ǰܴԣڵֻȪսУؾˣҪȼѪøǿȼѪҪʲôĴۣҲǿһ£ǷΪҳŵسսսڤվ۷޵ߣ˵
⼸˶Щݡ
ǣϲ޵ߣҲüۡ
ȼѪ
ǵ;ɾͷˣ
ȪʯȻҪ⼸ڤվ۷޵߶ѵõšΪһϵţǷֵأ
ŵص޵ߣȼѪɻǿͬ޵ȼѪҲǲͬһ˵ԽѪԽȼҲԽֲԣٴӳŵص츳һڤվ޵߲μӻȪս޷֤ЧġַУŵرֱӾʹһڤվ޵ȼѪμӻȪսˡ
սˣԸμӵս
ҲԸ⣡

ڤվ޵ߣ׷׳Ժ;ϣҲԸΪŵسŵص޵ȷʵһĲͬǼڲԱ볿ŵصĳԱҳϡ
սͷѡ׼μӵֻȪս

ˣôˣ
ϾԵľԿϷϾæӭӡ
ԵѣսԹģϾڵһ仰˵սҾ¡
ǰҲ֪ˣЦЦ
涼ˣսԽԳ̸ȴܾˡˣ˵̫֪𱰡Ͼ˵
Ҳеŭ
£üǳŵص˵
ϾҡͷϢӦǳŵسԱģܾսĹӶŵؿһЩԱ˲ǰ¡¥˱ɿǴ˾ܻ
¥¥ҧҧѽ
ԵѣѾ¥ˣڿº޲ɱ㡣ԳŵأʵķϾ
ţ֪ˣлˡԶϾ˹֡
¥ܻԵԸеܷŭϸ룬¥ȷʵҲܸɵó¡¥ˣƤ֮ǰԽǵˣѰһлҲοǰֹȥ¥ȻûеõǵĻֱȵһӰ¥Ҳֻһּ֣һҲܻһ¥ȻΪҪӶˣҲ˼ˡ
¥ҵģ뽫ǡϾ뿪󣬾Եͳڷڻصš
Ȼ¥˲ҪƤҲͲֺܹˡ
ԭ¥ĻȷʵܹõһڣԴһ¡
Գ˷ᣬȥ˾ס

˿ԣʺ뾰Խ
ѾڵսҲбȽϴһǳãǶԾҲΪĸмȻҲû̫йӶԵ뷨սƺҪӶԣҲкܴǰǱȳŵصĻȪֶһٶ֡
Խ峤Ҳڴ֮ڡ
峤ɷ񵥶̸̸Զ峤ֱ˵
Ŷһ¡
ڵˣҲЩ졣
ǶȳȥȺ򡣡峤ܿͶ˵
ǣ½뿪
Сѣ˵ʲô峤ʵ
˶뿪϶бȽҪȽصҪ˵
峤ҲˡҪ˵ģϵشΪ˷ֹһԲŲˡԵ


2174 ¥
ȪߵҳԱȻǺϾ˶ӣԻֻ峤̸Ƚס
СѲؽͣ⡣֪˵ʲô峤Ц
峤Ҿֱ˵ˡ΢ּ˵ֻȪսҿΪҳսҪһȪҡڻȪջĻȪʯԸɣ߸öߵȻȪʯҲɡ
峤һⷬһûӦ
ΪҳսֻȪսһȪԣ
ңҪ㾰Գսʲô
˵ҲӶ㾰ԣսҲкܴĻܷǰӶһɣȻֺαһӶ㾰أ
峤ԾԻһЩøеģɾԵҪȷʵˡˣ峤ֱӾͽԷȥˡԾԣѹסеĲãֻɫû֮ǰÿˡ
峤֪ʱŵ뷨ܾҵҪܹ֡
ֻ˵ҲҳսҴ޷ջǰô˵ɵġĿǰӰ¥¥ĻֶҺֻܶ࣬ǳŵصĻֱһٶ֡ڵֻȪսУŵػýؾ޵ȼѪȥǿնɱޡǵĻ֣һڵбġ˵
ţһΣ峤΢΢Щˡ
Ȼ֪ŵص޵ȼѪ
ԽѪ츳ߵ޵ߣȼѪʵԽֲμӻȪսĳŵ޵ߣȻ׿ġؾȼѪôлõĻ֣ȷʵ羰˵Ļᱬ
Ļڵսֺܷܻܿס
Сѣŵص޵ȼѪ;ɾͷˡսĻľȳɵ
Ӧûˡ
ɣ峤һսʱŵصĻֲǾͱӶҺˡУӶҳսڵսܽǰҲҪת˵
峤ٴ˼֮С
գ峤ǴӦ˾顣峤˼Ϊŵص޵ȼѪջֺܾܿͻһ޷ȡŵصûȼѪҷһμսʱþԳսɡô˵Ҷġ
峤󣬾ҵӰ¥ĵ֯үڵֻȪսУӰ¥ȫԸ֡
ʵ㾰ԲõӰ¥ҲɵĴ⡣ϵȪôӦӶ֮⣬ǵȻȫȪֵ
һ֮󣬾ԻصԼľȴŵֻȪֿʼ
ĿǰӰ¥ջܲܳ¥Իû̫İȷģҲˡ¥ĻӰ¥Ҳû취飬ְֻܹӰ¥Լùˡ
¥Աڹ
ʹˣǽҡϱˣܾǵĹӶӰһԹ԰ʹ˵
ȥӴҺϱڣҪӶ˳ս˾ܾˡ¥Ĳ־ȺڵֻȪսѾܳս־ȺıȽϴٲμӵֻȪսܻöٻֺ˵һܵԺ;Ӱ졣ԣʹҲδڵò־Ⱥս
ô£ʹӰһ˵ϱǸ˺⡣
ƺǵõԶͫ⣬ԶͫǱ¥ӶҺϱڣԶͫſݡӰ˫ü˵
ǺǡʹЦˡ
ԶͫڱʾԼĲò־ȺսпˡְԪϵӣֱ˵ԾַͨʽʾԼĲʹ졣ʱˣЦ˵
ʹˣô죿Ӱ
ҺϱڲǹӶǾ͹Ӷ˺ˡҲûĲǵĻԶҺͳŵءʹڰ֣ҲǺ⡣
һսǲҪ߷ֻ֣Ҫ֤ܷǰɡ
ǣӰӦһת˳ȥ
ʱ󣬵ֻȪսʼ
ԶͫĴԱڶȵȣصؾ
Ǹأ
û
Ǻǣû˹ӶСʵǿԸ̫ˡսԳӶӡ
սû˹Ӷһöھʯû׬ˡ
תĿѰҾԵӰȴδԳؾ


2175 ׷
峤дɵĺֻ֪Ա֪顣ˣ͸֪Կܻҳսˡ
ڼûؾЩ˻ΪûбĴκһӶϾҲΪ
СǰѾ׬ˡֹӶѣһʮھʯ㽻һ룬Ҳܵõ߰ʮڡĽ
¥İʹԱûԣҲδ롣
ֵĳս˳ǰһ¥һս¥սģһ¥ڲԱʵǽǸΡһˣܹߣȽһβһ
ʱ¥ֻȪսڵУ¥ʮ֣ǰֵİ˰ʮ֣һǧһʮ֡
ڶսģȻǰӰ¥
Ӱ¥սģǽҺϱˡҺϱھܾ¥Ӷѡ˱Ӱ¥ӶӰ¥ΪӶˣķʮھʯԭʵӰ¥ҲδҪӶҺϱڣֻӶеһˡΪõ򴫻Թ֯үʱıע⣬óʮھʯӶˡ
֯үҲȷʲô˼С޴໨ʮھʯ԰Ӱ¥С£һ˻Ȫǿɾʧˡ˵֯үܾþıʲôԲԵ޹ʶԵ˵Ƿ
Һϱʵȷʵ׺ĸʱʱ֮˻ؾڼͬʱҲӰ¥ոʮ֡
ĻӰ¥Ļ־ͱ¥ʮˣʱڻȪֵܷλ
үֵǰӰ¥ѾٷְˡԹ֯ү˵
š֯˵ͷ
ǵĻ¥֮ϣܳʲô⣬Ӱ¥ĻҲ󡣵ֵӰ¥Ѿٷְһ
¥ˣҲǺ⣬ֲַҪߣֻҪһɡǵֱܷӰ¥ҲûʲôӰ졣
󣬵սĳŵء
Ƕסҽ𣿡սս޵˵
սˣǼסˡģǲὫѪȼյ̫ࡣͬʱͷ͵˵
ţȥɣսͷ˵
ŵص޵츳ʵȼѪȡǵսʱǿǸεġȻȼѪϾǳǼֲ̫õʱ䡣ΪһŵҲûİ취ˣŵǰĻֲ࣬ʵ̫ˡ
ŵص޵ߣߵԶͫǰؾ
˵Ļּٷֵֺٶȣδܿ죬˵Ļ־ʹﵽʮ֣һڼӡ
ʱ˵üͷ
ô£
ŵص޵ߣʵûôǿɣǵʵҪȽҡϱǿһ㣬ǧһһģô˶Ȫ֣
ţʮˣ
ٰʮ֣
ԣԲ
ѵȼѪ
ܶ˶ݣǶԳŵ޵ȼѪİȷʵ˶û뵽ŵ޵߻ôȼѪԼĵ;Ҫ֪μӻȪս޵ߣǶڤվ޵εģԺ̤ϲΣĴڡ׿޵ߣȼѪʧҲ̫ˡ
ˣеԾӽؾ˵ĻֿȷʵȼѪ򣬾Բû˵Ļ֣ܿͳİٷ֡
ǰս󣬳ŵصĻٶһ㡣
İʮˣ
İٰʮ֣İپʮ֣
Ѿٷˣ
ŵص޵ߣȼѪļֲʵֱֹɣ
һʮ֣ѾھŲɱˣ
ֲֻǣ˵ĵ;ҲˡԺעǲ̤ϲˣܱ־粻㲻ˡ
һĿ⣬ŷĻϣŵĻ֡
ؾڵˣʱȫͨ죬Ŀȡǵ棬пղܲʱ˿̣ȷʵȼѪ˺Уʵһնɱ޵ٶȼ١
Ҳ뾡սʱԽȼյѪԽ࣬ʱ˵ʵϣʱı壬ҲѾԱ仯ˡ棬Ҳеĺɫת
ʮ޳֡
ɱŭһһǰһɱȥĹޡ
ʮ֣ʮ֣ٷ֡˻õĻ֣Ѿٷִأ


2176 
ŵص޵ߣյĻֶٶʮһ֡
ؾؾ֮Ȿ۾
ȥǷɡսߵ˷ԸĿЩϧ֮ɫ
̱ŵص޵߳Ѿڤվ޵߷ֱ˻ȼѪʵ̫ˡǵĸлرġŵصĻ֣һǧʮ֣ڵһİӰ¥˼ֶѣ¥ǰ档
ˣ޵ߣȻȼѪȡݵǿ㣬ôģʹ׺ݡ
¥Ļ֣Ѿ䵽λˡ
滹һңҵĻ߰ʮ֣¥˲ٷֵӡ£ҲԼڲԱǹӶܹߣܻôĻˡ
Ӱ¥һŵصڶ¥δеֻȪսĿǰڵġӦҲ˰ɣֵȪӰ¥ŵغ¥Ϸ֡˳˵
Ӧˣ˸͡
ĻǾǰӰ¥ŵ¥һλȪ߿ҲֻõһһܻѾ㲻ˡ
˵ûһΣ¥˰һλȪ߿¥ĸһʹǺѿĵ
ǺǣǾԣһ¥ضĸ¥̫ǿˡ
ʱ峤ûʲô飬ȴǺһû뵽ݱ䵽ӡӶԣһֵֻԵ
ʵмԵģֻ峤Ӱ¥Ĺ֯үҲǸмѡҪǾѣǰӰ¥δڵľƣ˵¥ĻֶȲ
峤ɳսˡԶͫ˵
ˣҵĳսߣֱǧº;ԣ峤
ǧ¾Ϣָòˣٴνؾɱޡ
ţ
ʲô
ҳս˭ǧº˭ǲˣ
ԣҹӶ˾ԣôᣬôһϢû֮ǰʹˣ˵ǲδӶ԰һƬ
ˣһµı顣Ƕ֪峤Ϊ˵ɳǧº;ԡ֪ʱ֮ǰȥ峤ȣѯ峤ʲô峤ҲûǾԱҹӶˣ
ˣǴ㵵ı顣
¥ˣһȫɵˣǰʹˣıɫǱǳ죬Ƿ£ǿҵķŭƺһ޷ŵζ
ԴҳսҵĻ֡ٷֲѰҲ˵ҵĻֻᳬ¥¥УǸ
СأԶͫ΢΢һܣʵ
ˣˡǸеµˣҺûüӰԶ˷й䵽ؾ
ԶͫԾԵͷû˵ʲô
Сѣٴ鷳ˣ峤žԹ˹֣΢Ц˵
Ȼ˵ԴҳսҪһǾҲ˵ˣὫڻȪڻõĻȪʯֳɸҡߣҲѡöߵȻȪʯ
ӻȪߵͼڽ룬ֻܻõ͵ȺеȻȪʯеȻȪʯȽ١߼ȪڣǾпܻõ͵ȡеȺ͸ߵȻȪʯ
͵ȻȪʯΪǳɫеȻȪʯΪǳɫߵȻȪʯΪǳɫ
ǰϾԵĻȪʯö͵ȺһöеȡĿǰΪֹԻûõһöеȵǳɫȪʯ
ѡöߵȻȪʯ˵Ҳǵ׬˱ˣҪȻҲ޷õֵһö͵ȻȪʯܶáԣʱ峤Ǻܿĵġ
峤ؿұҹӶ͸Ϊҳս峤ģһᾡֽܻǰЦ˵
Сӣ㡭Ϸ򣡡ʹѾЩˡ
˲ĳˣֱӾͳŭԡ
ʹ֮ǰȷʵûô࣬ڣȻȫôˡһУоԵӰ͸֮ǰ˵ˣȥ峤ȣһðӰ¥Ա򴫻֯үҪ˵ǾԹıĻôɣ
ʱİʹֱӶŪˡ
Կ˿ʹһЦ˵ʹɲ˵һɢޣܹ㣿ǵ¥ļʹټһƬ¥
ȫǱģͨ죬·Ҫ˾Եӡ


2177 л
԰ݺͼʶǲ˿Ʋסŭġ
ίʵǣûԿǶԵȵĹϵУԲһڤվСһСȴ˴ԽܡõõĸȪߵֻһԶͫԼڶǰֱܴ衣
ѣ
һ
ڵˣǳŵصսսһŭ̲ĵܡսĿеĺɫŻȥ
ѣŭսŰʹ
ѣעⳡϡԶͫʱҲü˵
ʹԶͫ˹֣ûٶ˵˭óǺ˾ԣͲɱԡԺһлᣬ϶Ծ֡
սάԣЩͷԡŵǺһӴԺ٣ʷ϶̫޵֮顣ɷţսȴվŭȰʹڰﾰԡ
ɨ˰ʹһۣǧ£һͬԶͫǰϥ¡
δеֻȪսսδ
ɫڣһ뵳ԺǧµĻؾڡʱǧµĻѹԣؾڻɱޡ
ҵĻȪִﵽһʮֺҲɱھŲ޺󣬾Ҳѹ۾ֹ󣬻Ȫְܷϵһλ
¥
Ǻǣ¥ֻһһλȪ߸߼¥ռĸһΣֻпһ
ǰʹ˵ˣܻоԵ
һ¡֮ǰ˵սԳӶԣȴԾܾˣǶΪ̫սְﾰԳеʹѹԵսսô𣿡
УһЩǲ֪ġһȷսûжԾŭ
ڶǣڰĴ
ܶʶ¥ֻһܿǾڰƵġ
¥֮⣬ǽԴϲңÿ˶Цտ
Ȫս˽ĴĻֵȪ߽ֱҡŵغͰӰ¥áԶͫһ
ŸȪ߽Ӱ¥ŵ¥һ
˵仰֮ԶͫǼؾ
˵Ȫ߼ҪȪߵĵѣʱ䲻Ҫ뿪˵أ˽ʱ䡣ݵҲҪͼڵ޵߰źá
ˣڴҶɢȥɡһ𣬵ȴһλȪߵĿԶͫ˻֣ת뿪
Ȫ߿ȷʱ䣬ԶͫҲ׼ȷȷֻ֪һšһλȪ߿Ӧڰ֮ڣҪϰٰʮģҲһʮͻῪ׼ȷʱ˵Ҫ׼Ȫߵ޵ߣҪ뿪Ȫ߸һȪ߿С
½ɢȥҲصԼס
Ӱ¥Ĺ֯үͰӰ¥һ˵ȻصסĹ
үһλȪ߿ǰӰ¥
һλȪ߿ǰӰ¥Ҳ
˵ǻöллԡǰӰ¥Ҳ¥Ȼĸ¥Ǹ־ȺҲ֪ðģʵǷǳؾڶɱʮ޳֡
Ӱ¥ˣϲۡһǺô޷ھʯġһ˽ȪߣͿܴĻȪʯǸ߼ʯٶھʯ򲻵ġ
ǰӰ¥ȷʵøлСѡ
֮ǰ뾰СѽӴȽ϶ࡣӰ¥Сȥʮھʯ֯ү󣬶ԵԸ
ʮھʯ΢΢
ˣҲһ䡣
ţǲ̫Сˡԣĳɾͣ»ᳬǵڽãܻǰӰ¥иĻرʮھʯʲôȥɡ֯ү۾˵
ǣӦһ뿪˰Ӱ¥˾סĹ
Ӱ¥ˣҲвΪ͸ʮھʯ̫ˣҲûٳȰ˵
ǶҪʮھʯǾСǣǰӰ¥ǵòġ飬ֵͲʮھʯ֯үڳ˵ɫЦһ


2178 ڴ
ʵ֯үҲ֪֮ѰӰ¥ҪĿĿܻ¥òֻȪսô˵Ǹ˰Ӱ¥Ӱ¥õʵʵڵİ
ǾרѣӰ¥δܹõֵǽҺϱˣӰ¥ֻӶһջ־ͺ˵ܲܳ¥
֯ү˵ڳҲ˵ͷ
¥ڵĹ
ڣޱȵغѹ֡һλȪս¥ʧ̫ˡ־Ⱥܲϳˣȴûܶʵʧ޴ͬҲҲסﲻ֪Ц¥
һȺ¥ˣһ޲ýԸ˺ˡ
ʹˣǾר¥ԡ£ܾôˡ¥ȻǾӪʵ⣬ơһڤվСƶĻԺǲʲô˶¥ͷϲȼˣӹ˵
û뽫ɱ˸͡
ڤվΪսȻ뺷Ӧ־ȺһġҪɱ²̫ףε޵ߣδо԰ɱԸ¥ͳ˵
Ը¥ʵҲΣ
˵ˣʹһ֣ͷĵ
˶졣
ɱҵȻҲɱֻǣȪ߸Զͫڶǣлᶯ֣ߣ컹ӳͷءʹĿ׹˵
ҪɱҪȵȪ½һᡣʹ˵
ʹ˵û
Ȫ߽Ǵڡ
ʱ򣬱Ҫ֮ء˷׷׸͡
ʱľԣ뵥̸ʮھʯЦЦˡڰӰ¥ʾãԲѡѾ¥ãϾԼ档
뵥̸Ƭ̺󣬽˳ȥųŵڹȥ
ŵصˣʱڴ֮С
գˣˡսɫ£ŵе޵ߣֹ
սˣ㲻ؿοǡֻȪսʼǽؾ֮ǰ˾Ѿ׼ˡ˵
ûΪ˳ŵأ㸶ʲôҲ˵
պˣڵֻȪսУŵصսߡؾȼѪӶóŵصĻֺϣ¥ܷ֡
Ƕҳŵڤվ޵е̳һȼѪԺ;Ǻͻˡս̾Ϣһ
ΪһȪߵʧ׿޵ߵĵ;սԼҲ֪㻹ǲ㡣ȪߵȻҪǰպˣкܴ̤ϲΣ˵츳̤ϲΣǶֱӳԽܶս
սˣѾ׼ǵڳŵء;ʲôٴ˵
Ҫ˵˶Լĵ;أǿ϶ǼٻˡΪ˳ŵأȷʵĸԸԼĵ;
ŵص޵ߣôҳϡǶԳŵصҳϣѾˡУŵؼδйͽ
սˣʱһ
Ŷ
뾰Сѽսһ˵
ڵֻȪսʼ֮ǰսȥԣ̸Ӷһ飬ҪĹӶһȪ߽ŵزܽսδ־ԡԻ˵һ£һİգܹŵ޵ȼѪĺ֢
սʱ;òţ뵽ڻȪսеı֣ФȻѰսжڴ
ڻȪսսãԾսȻ룬Թ᲻ҪѪȼպ֢⡣
Ǿ
εǿߣ飬һڤվ޵
ϣȷʵڽѪȼպ֢İ취ķŵض𡣾а취ֻķʽأŵأҪĴۣ
һʱ䣬ս˺ܶࡣתʱ򣬾Ѿ˽
ǰս֡
Ŀһת˵λѺã
ЦΪѣд󣬶ʵϾǵƺΪѵġԵսȷʵҲǽӽˣ㻹磬Ҳ١


2179 ̽
һЩʵԽ뾰Խ֣δܵеùֶȫľԡ
Ե깥黯Լħӡɱ֮ȵȣǶܼǿֶΡһ׾ҲǼǿϲη
ŵصˣҲûоþԵĳƺвףͨȪս֤ԼʵûԺɫǻΪսԳ涼ûܹӶԶ
СѡսվЦŶԾԵ˵ͷ
λǲμӵֻȪսĵѰɣԿպˡ
պˣʱɫԵò԰ף΢СˣԾԹ˹ּ
պˣǰŵػһȪȼѪ̶ȺԺ˵Ǿͻƣܲάڵľ綼˵ս̾˵
ǰ֮ǰǾ̸ҿԿܷѪȼյĺ֢Ц˵
ţڵĳŵ޵ߣԱ鶼΢΢һ
ǻڲ²⣬ԹʲôĿҪʲôս֮⣬˲֪ս˵ʲô
ֻǡܽѪȼյĺ֢
ڶݵ󣬴󲿷˾Ц
ǲţ
Ѫȼպ֢ô򵥣ҲͲüչˡ
Եѣ㲻ǳŵ޵ߣѪȼղ̫˽⡣ֱӾЩ˵
ҶѪȼգȷʵϤ֪ŵص޵߶޵ߣͬҲ塣ϣҲİԿ˶Էһ˵
ʲôԵ޵ߣ
ڳˣЩ㵿žԡս񣬶Щȡ޵ߣ޵УռݵıǺСġ
ȷʵ壬Ҳ޵Եͷ
ԵĹУ巨ŵص޵ߣսǿڣյķҲ
ǰǻǲҪ˷ʱ䣬ҿλƣǾơƣλҲи󻵴Խž˵
ˣ鷳Сˡսͷ
羰˵㲻ƣҲиĻ
աˣˣϾԲ鿴ϵơսֶ԰˵
ǣպ˶һۣͬʱ˵
λҲ鿴Ƶʱ򣬿ܻᴥ壬ǧҪͼֿǿܻơԱĶ԰˵
ģǶǾϡ˵
ȻҲžܹȼѪĺ֢Ǻϡ
Ȳ鿴յ塣
ŵص޵ߣʼͨѻǿŵص޵ߣǸովѣʵҲﾳε޵ߡ־ѣķʽ޵ԭص
ȻͨⷽʽѲӵеľԣһǺ˽ġ
ڰȼѪɵĴ˱ȽϸӣǵͬҲɱȽصˡ˵ǵ;ˣΪˣȼѪ޵߲Żڵ;ϼн
ͺñһøأͲܼǵøˣǿиǸߣͿܵ㸲
Դ߶壬뵽յڡ
깥ʹüֱǷ켫һڣСĵ̽šͨ޵ߣġǾܹ̽飬Ҳ޷˵ϸ¡Ҫ̽һ㣬ǾͿܶ԰յԼɶ˺
һ̶Ͽ˵Ҳֻоܹһ٣ϲε޵УǺҳӵоԶ΢޵ߡ
Եǲ鿴˰յ壬תһȦһҵϵ֮
Լ˰ʱԱˡ
ҪðջָҪĵط޸ȻʹĵҩȬ
ȷʵǷǳѵġҲѹ֣ǳŵضȼѪĺ֢Ϊ
һջ
ڳˣ۾һֱžԡղھԲ鿴ƵʱǶҷκ죬ƽڼջŶ΢һЩ
СѣΣսϾʵ
սԸˣûʲôӣԸֱˬǻһֵλ൱ǿߣ±ͻһЩԼʣǵѯˡ


2180 
յУҲһĨڴ
ȻžָܹԵ;κ޵߶һûС޵ǻ硢͵ͨˣǶ֮һĻᶼỳκϣ
Կս
յѵҲ̽òˣЩӣҿһԡԵĮ˵
λ˵ѵһûյѲ࣬ʱȲ鿴ˣƹյѺв̽˵ѵԿ˼˵
仰սˣһȫʧˡ
һԣ˼˵ưպ˵𣿾˵ģģ
ڣһᶼû˿ڡ
ίʵǣ֮ǰǶǺܾģŵص޵ߣȼչѪĿɲֻаպˡЩ޵ߣûָܹӡͨһЩ𺳵굤ҩܳԻָǵ𣬾̫̫ˡ
СѣģսһĿоƿžԡ
ţģҾǡ⣬ⲻ󡣡ԵͷЦ˵
⡭⡭
ڳˣ֪Լ˵ʲôˡ
ա޵ߣڳŵǶͬΪġʧţŵҲۡھȴ˵ⲻ
ⲻ
²˳٣ҿΪյơǰ鷳׼һ侲ҡڻָʱܱš˵
ããΪС׼ңս
󣬾׼áھԺͰս뾲Һսֱŵǿھ֮⣬κ˽ȥš
ҡҵĵָܻ𣿡У۰Ͱ͵Ŀžԡ
յ飬޷ݡ
յѣ̫࣬Լƽĵһᾡȫ޸Ц˵
ǣллյͷ۾
Ҫ޸յĵѣ
ʵ޵ߣǷǳǿġһ临ӳ̶ȶһˡ˵һ𡣶Ҫģ޸磬⹤󣿾ϸ˵ֱȴһ͵Ѷȶ
벼ܺ嫵󷨣Чֲ񵤲ࡣУֲһƫǾǰһܶԵˡ
ҲĺһʼյڣӴյĵûҪ޸յĵǱ߲ôԵĲˡ
̣ǱȽϻġԽأҪľԽ࣬ķѵʱ;ҲͻԽࡣ
һĿʼָյĵĵطһ޸
ʱһȥ
һ졭졭£
԰ȼѪ֢ϢҲ𽥴˳ȥ
Ȫ߸޵Ϣ췽ҹ̷
ŵ޵ȼѪָܻ
ָܻҲɵԳְɣԶͫ𣬶û취ȼѪµĺ֢
Ǿԣƣ
ǲܵ飬ŵȼչѪ޵Ҳٰɣкܶ඼ţǺ֢˺ƣŵػ޶Բɣ
ƺǾԺаյӡ
ս񣬶š
ưɣҿ˳˼ƭȡŵصԴСжڣǶ֪ġ
һЩˣὫȥ룬˶Ļġ
¥Ĳ˵£ڿտϼԲ˵պпھԵС
Щԣ˿Ӱ첻ԣҲ˶˵ʲô
֮󣬾ͣ
ǺƴĹ̰ȴ綼ҪۡԵ˵һ䡣
ԴʱҲǼƣڣļ
ջյȻ̸֪ˡԵ仰Ҳ۾
ûʲô飬󽥽ϲȡĿУŷ⡣
뾰˵ʲô̲鿴Լ״
ôᡭ
ƣ룬񡭡ȫָˡ嶼ڶ£״Ρ
յѣǿԳȥˡĵѾָϵ⣬ʹһЩҩ޸Ĳϼɡվ˵
ԺͰճ˾֮󣬳ŵصˣȫĿⶢ˵ϡ
սҲʱû뿪ڡ
ʱİգɫǲ̫ÿģϾ廹ûָԾԵ΢Сֿһۣܿյ仯
ѵʧˣ
սаֲɿЦЦҲǣָôװԽʵǿ޵ߣԽԻָǳʶ


2181 ͬ
մӾҳİգһʱ伤ö˵
Իָĵˣݶ飬ͬ졣
ǰҲǾȿ˵ˣĮ·˵һͨ顣
仰˵ն֮һ䡣⻰ʲô˼
Ҳ
Сѣ˵ʲô۾ԲžԣָָվھԱߵİա
һξû˵վȿڼ˵սˣҵĵָˡȼѪĵѾȫָˡҸоõҵľƺȼѪ֮ǰ·ʱп̤ڤվΡ
廹δָⲢӰնжϡ
ôܣ
ֱ
˼飡˼鰡Ѫȼµĺ֢Եˣôָܻһŵص޵ߣȫһ˫ӡ
ˣղࡣյĵָܻ˵ĵҲָܻ
޸յѵĵҵȽءԽ޸˵ѵĵ֮ǰҪһʱָꡣԿ˵
Сѣ˿ԵȣֻϢúϢҪʲôֻ˵ҳŵûУǾȥ湺򡣡սܡ
԰ڰֵĵҩһЩˣյҲҪָ̫áǾȲ˵ˣһȥϢٹ
뿪˳ŵ˾סĹصԼס
ԵıȽ϶࣬屾ûκˡֻǻָƣľʹһЩ굤ҩױɻָ
ʱ䣬Եָ״̬󣬾ٴȥսˣʼ˻ָϵˡ
԰ջָϢѾˡ
Ȫ߸޵ߣȫ𶯡ԶͫҲǾô۽硣
ԣʲô·
ܰæ޸һڤվ϶ûﵽ޵ߣôģԶͫ𶼲ܵˡ
Ϊ޷޸
ˣңϾԶͫǰ˵
ϾǳŵصİڵֻȪսȼѪµ;ԭûʲôϣһˡǾȴ޸˵֪𣿡Զͫ΢ЦԲɷϾ
ţѾ˵ˡս׿ȷϣġϾͷ
ϾôģԶͫǺܺ档
ģҲǺԵѵǳǿʩչ깥ֶΡܹʩչ깥ĳ˼ټĻޣľͼɼˡϾ˵
깥ֶΡԶͫ˵ͷȷʵܺҲʲôһĴУܹ׵ֻڤվѣ˻޴зķʩչ깥ҲǺܳԤϡ
ˣʹû޴зķʩչ깥ҾͲǰר˵ˡϾҡͷ깥ȫ巢ģۿʩչ깥ڹʽϣֲܴڡл޴з깥ֱܹɱڤվ޵ߣǿ߶мӰ졣Ͼ˵
һΣԶͫĬˡ
һʱ˵ˡ
ûл޴зʩչ깥
ôܣôܣ
εǿߣ޷ֱʩչ깥깥ҪǳߣҪǿȣҪ괿ȡ
ڻʱ깥ҪС̵תǾֱʩչ깥ˡ壬˵ģǴϾġ
ԶͫϾ˺һᣬϾ뿪ԶͫҲǾþòƽ
֮ǰʩչ깥ȴûص귨ܣδõһĴз޴зҲǳѵáһ٣ҵһѡҵõҲ㴫طҵ֪һȡ޴з;СһȤţȳУĴ°ɡֻʣԶͫһ˵ĵڣ
ֹ˰µʱ䣬Խ˵ĵҲȫ޸˹
Ժ뿪֮󣬸սȼѪĺ֢ѾްսǶ˷ܵò֪θлˡ
Сѣҳŵôæǲ֪ôл㡣սֱܹ
ЦЦڵֻȪս֮ǰҾͶǰ˵սæѪȼպ֢ġ
ˣݶ̫ˡսҡҡͷھʯĻСѿҲ̫Ȥ


2182 Եĵҩ
Ȫսһ־ҪĹӶʮھʯڶ־ҪĹӶһݲԴ־ҪһȪߵɿԶھʯƺʮֵĿأӦֻȪսжҪھʯΪӶѡ
սЩԥ
ŵأʵôĸԣԴǿҶҪȳŵظСŵЩ޵ߣԴҪ޵߸ֲǵԴһֱǽͰ͵ģھʯò̫ࡣ
СǷԻȪʯ󣿡֮Уսٳ
һξԲ˵ˡ
ȷʵҪȪʯڵֻȪս֮뾡취ȡȪߵҲΪ˴еõȪʯ
Ȫߣÿʱ俪һΡÿοҳŵһ㶼߼ڽԣҳŵҲһЩȪʯġΪȪʯ巨ҲЧĻȪʯܶࡣһЩСѡսóһ﷨ݸԡ
СѣҪƴˣǳŵصһ⡣ս񲹳һ䡣
ˣǾ͹ˡԽӹ﷨
СѣڵսдҳսҿԸһ㣿սתʡ
ҵ峤ӦһȪ߸߼ڽԵͷ
СѴԼȪߣսžԡ
ǵģд˴㡣Ե
Ȫ߿ԣҪС¥ˡЩģ¥һʵǿڤվ޵߽Ȫߣ¥޵Էܻ֡սѾԡ
ţҲ׼򲻹Ӧû⡣֪սǺ⡣
ս̸ֽ䣬ŵصһȺǿҲ׷׶ԾԱл⣬һһӦ
յѣĵ֮ǰ޸¹ȥ廹δָԿա
ҵıȽأҪָҪɡչĻشԡ
ꣿ֮ǰ˵Ҫʹָĵҩ𣿡ü
Ѿʹһ൤ҩˡæ
Сѣָĵҩֵܹ󣬲յһֱڷáս˵
ʹõҩָôҡҡͷŵص൤ҩƷʲǺܺð
룬ֵﻹһЩĵҩ͸յѺ˵Ѱɡ
ͳƿֱպˡ൤ҩǾԴӻġ򣬾ĿǰΪֹδƹҩ
˽ӹƿԾԵл
󣬾򳿹ŵ˸ǡ
ƺ԰ʹõ൤ҩЧ͵ҩպˡѵĵҩЧǻǮ굤ҩãѰ˼˵
սҲԾԵΪЩơ
ָĵҩֵԶܸߣʹõĵҩҲƷʷǳõˡ
աˣʹþСѵĵҩЧսת˵
ǣӦ
ȡһöҩ̷ȥ
˶̷ҩָ壬˱㶼û˵Ӱ쵽ˡ
սҲʱˣȻȥ뾰Ը˵ĵҩЧжá
δʱ䣬ԼҲյ蹦򣬰պ˱㼸ͬʱ۾˵˫ĿǷһ־Ŀ⡣
ôˣղ˵
սˣҵĵҩ񡭡һʱ֪ݵҩЧ
ôѵʲô⣿սü
սˣĵҩЧ̫ˡҵ壬ԵĻָҸоңܳ׻ָ˵
óƿ˿ֵƿڣĿŵҩҸղŷõһţպšҵָҪֵҩһ
ҲʣĿŵҩո˵һ䡣
սԣĻպˣǼȫָ
ó൤ҩЧȻɫǻõ˵һ޶ҩˡǷ߲εĻԪ򣬿Ҳҳ뾰Եҩȵĵҩˡ
Իصסս͸ԼĴ﷨ȡ
սΪ˸лư˵ĵͻȪʯңӦòٰɣѰ˼ţеĴ﷨
һɵ̽봢﷨΢΢һ
̫ˣս񣬹Ȼܴ󷽡пڻȪ߿֮ǰħӡɱĲաϲı顣
﷨ڣе͵ȻȪʯһЩеȻȪʯߵȻȪʯС


2183 黯ͻ
ͼȪʯжʮöмȪʯö߼Ȫʯֻһö
һʻȪʯھʯҲȷļֵ
ŻȪ߿һʱ䣬ҾħӡɱĲ㡣԰
ħӡɱһ㣬˷ǿռѹܰԵƥܽħӡɱҲգսڵľҲ޷Ʋ⡣ڻֻڤվδﵽϣҪյħӡɱѶȾ̫ˡǴﵽϲΣħӡɱͼ򵥶ˡ
˷ʱ䣬׼˴ھʯЩȪʯֿǰ
ת
һöеȻȪʯ뾰ģȪʯ̺ӿ뾰ڡһڣԵ𽥿飬֪Ѹ
еȻȪʯЧȵ͵ȻȪʯ
ԲħӡɱĲ㣬̱ĸо
ڲʹûȪʯʱ򣬲ħӡɱĲв谭Щ谭ƣ·޾ҪƳЩ谭Ƴһ谭ҪķѾľʱ䡣
Ե崿ϾԱ;ɼˣħӡɱȷءɴ˿֪޵ҪһķѶжˡ
ڲħӡɱͬʱҲ˳ŽӰɴ黯ʹûȪʯ󣬾Կͬʱħӡɱ黯ⲢӰ쵽ħӡɱٶȡ
ʱš
ˣ
ʮ󣬾һ˿֡
Եı仯۾
黯Ȼͻˡ
ŴħӡɱյĲ㣬û뵽һĴħӡɱδգ黯ͻҲЩꡣ
黯շ֧ħӡɱʱеķ֧
֮ǰյ黯ڤվζ㲻ϣﾳ⼶ڵ黯ڤվˡ
ϵ츳ȷʵǱʱ䡢ռϵ츳ǿЦһ
ֻҪлȪʯħӡɱĲղ⡣ת
ɨһЩǰڷŵĻȪʯ
⼸ʮʱѾöеȻȪʯʮö͵ȵĻȪʯϵĲ򣬴ħӡɱĲȻδգҲԶˣѾĸ֪ˡ

ֻһΣû̫õʱ䣬㱻һӰ졣
ϾĴ
һվֱӶϵĴھʯʣĻȪʯջصǬ硣
ӦǻȪ߿ˡ뿪סķ䡣
棬Ͼվɫ裬һ˫žԡϾǾɫеľɫ
ˡԹ֡
ԵѣȪ߼ˡϾԾЦ
ãӦһ
ԵѣĽһ͸㣿Ͼ֮ǰ˵˴ʱԲμӵֻȪսҪĹӶãһȪ߸߼
ԣҵ峤ӦġԵͷ
ţȻ峤׿ڴӦӦòˡϾ˵ͷ˵Ȫ߸߼ڽϵش󣬾㻹ҹͨһ£ȷ
һתĵҲȷһ¡
Ȫߵͼڵ޼ۣ˵Ǹ߼ڽˡ
ȥ峤Ե
һȥɡϾ
˾סĹȻ˶ڡ
Ȫ߼ӻȪѾԽԽǿˡڵ㣬ܻڼڣȪ߱Ὺˡ
峤ˣ
ǡҪһǾңһҲһǾֻˡһλü˵
峤ҼҪǾԣǲ̫һ˵
ȻһЩˣ۽Ȫ߽͸ԡ
峤ȣĬ
ǰΪҳսҲμӻȪսҴӦһѵܷڣҲΪȻӦˣͱ
ֻ˵ǾҿòҶ֪һ£ûоܲܶõڶ˵ͳ˵
峤ڿڣһСѣҲǰ͡С˵ˣӻȪ߳ջöߵȻȪʯ
˵ǷڵĻþСŭӴ˼Ǻҡȵ
ʵǺ޲ǺޣҲ޹ؽҪʵɱϾֻڤվ̤ϲΣҲвҡһĿ


2184 ͻ
Ʋģ
ЩԣȪߵĽ۲Ʋ
˵ˡ峤һȡ
תĿڳˡ
ȪߵĽ󣬵ҲܲҪңǶǾСѣҲһˡ峤
ʵ峤ȻôԴǣҲһԥģҪȻžͲ˼ǺǾòܳ
峤ô˵ҲͶ֪峤˼ˡ
峤ˣˡܹ߽
롣峤ϸһĨЦݡ
ڲѾ˽ۣԾԹû飬峤ˡһȪߵڲɳϲε޵߽Ȫߣµԡ
ȻлͷҲɳһ֮ǰȷʵҲ΢ЩһˡǼͷϵģˣǾԻûκΰ취ǷڣԶͫ޷˵ʲôΪҴɵЭЭ飬ĹӶáǹӶķãǾԻøԶͫϽһ㣬Ͻɣ
֮
ˣ
һ˼٣ԻȪΪģܼٵ
ڻȪ߸޵ߣӦĳ֡еˣͫһͬʱתĿͬһλá
Ҳ⡣
ʣƬ֮У𽥳ɢɫâĴšţһԴһЩһ΢СһЩǿֲܣǴλõ
Ȫ߿ˣ
һ꣬һΡ
ں̵ܶʱڣۼڻȪ߸޵ߣ㶼ӿȴλáԶͫڿУ·ĴԺ͸߲Ҳǰ֮󣬱ʮԼǴﾳ޵ߡ
ÿµվȺ֮Уͷ𶯡
ϴݳܣָӦжôǿƥǿֹγɵܿ¶ͷųܡǣŵܣȴԾļ¡
һָ߲εһεҲǵһθӦˡڻ׾򣬾ԱӴԴʱ֪ɵ۲εһָ߸ϸ
һ֣µĿֲܡ
ɵ֮£ϣ
Ϊӽɵ۲εҲɵۡɵۣһεĴڡ
Ȫ߿ȵѡ֯ѡԼѰ޵߽߼ڡǣҲӦڤվ֮޵߽ͼڡԶͫƵ
ȻɫתĴţǸߴһǸ߼ڣСһľǵͼڡ
ȵˣЩȡڸɳ˭߼ڣǵȻ˾
СѣһλϣһͬȪΣ峤ԲԶľЦ˵
áЦŵͷ
Ȫߵ޵ߣͬһλó֣޵ĳһǷͬʱ룬ûж塣
ǾԣҪȪˣ
ǵģ峤ҵһ˾ԡ
֮ǰһڲ²⣬һ᲻ᷴءǿһ߼
һǱȽسŵģҲ۰ɣû취ǴӦˡ
Ƕ˵ΡҿȫûҪۡǾԣܵõ߼ڵ

ܶ˿ԳУλϲγһȻͲµҲȪߣǶš
¥Ǳߵİʹˣһ׺ݵžԡ
¬ȥԣ㲻ԥֱӶ֡ʹһߴ˵
ʹ˷ģ֪ôߣСʵǿϾҲֻڤվ¬ߣӦ
¬ɲһ޵ߣǵ¥ǿ޵֮һʵȰʹ١ԭ¬¥ܲģڻȪս֮űʹ
ʹԽȪߣѰһɱˣһվЩסΪĴԣԽȪߣȷʵЩ̫׵ҽȪߣҲһʧģȪڲڵΣմಢĿǰΪֹ˭Ҳ˵ԼԻȪȫ˽⡣ûˣܹȫȪ̽һ顣
λԽˡԶֿͫڵ
䣡ھԵ׼߼ʱһɫѷȻɫתϿս䡣


2185 ں
ɫֲѷ죬ѡ
ڳ޵߶䣬Ŀ⾡еѷϡһѷ죬·ҪԪѳ롣

һЦѷдЦǣ·˵塣ڳ޵УЩϲεǿߣвٶü¶ŵı顣
˭Զͫһȡ
ֻ̧ƣֱȻӶһƬӡֶݺݵѷ츲˹ȥӡϵĹâסɫѷ죬жʱһǲںɫѷԶͫӡӴĵطȫΪԭʼĻ״̬
ಡ
Ե۾һֱźɫѷ죬ʱӺɫѷһźٵӿٶȷǳ٣ѷڳŻȪ֮ŷȥȻûֱӵĽӴȻܸӦݳĿܲ
͵󱲣ΣԶͫĿбŭĹâָڿռڵָۣԶͫ棬͵ת
Զͫһɫ⣬ǺǰٶȻֳͣӰǡһˣһ޵ߡ
ȫ֣ҲܿĿòĳªϵļ·ãֺ䶯۾ɫģ̹˸
˿Զͫ𣬿зЦ
ԶͫȪ߿Ҫȥһҡ˿Զͫ˵
Զͫ۾Ϣ΢΢Щء
ںĪ˵ЦԶͫһȣ
ںֹһ
˱ΪӦþͲǿߡһ㱻ΪĶʵǿڤվ޵ߣϾȵȡ
һôԶͫа壿
˴ӵִȻĿǰΪֹֻ˵һ仰ǣҪȪߡȪߵľŸԶͫĴƶġһȻԶͫĴжʳ
ԾЩ˼顣
ڴ֮ǰҲû˵ںôһ
ںȻ
ôˣ֮Уںܾǰ𣿡
ȻûˣŲܾšںˣôǰ
ħͷĴ׷ۡ
ǿеʶںǵı飬Ӧöûںֻ˵ںš
Сѣ㲻֪ںɣ峤ԾԵ
ղžֹһ峤Եƺû˵ںӡ
ûС峤ںʲôΪôĵӣԶͫа壿ɻʵ
ںǲһܱȵġԶͫô˵Ϊʵǿȷʵṳ̂ΣʵںɱĴڡ峤˵
ʲôԴһ
峤ⷬǱһڤվɱ
ֱ޷
Եڻ磬ʵѾȫﵽ߲ڤվΪε޵½ܣȴֵжĳҪ֪޵½ܽ뾰ڵĻ磬ʵܵ߹ѹƵġң޵½ܻûЯǿķ뾰Ի޵½ֻһѡ
ˣԶԶԶ޵½ܵĶ֡޵½ܵķΪں˻ĻԪƿ˻߹
ǿжֲԶ޷
ȴ峤˵ǺںնɱĴڡԣܲ𾪣
ǿߣɱһڤվ޵ˡε޵ߣҲûܵסǿһеġ
ȷʵ˾÷˼ȴʵǼ£ھĶʮ֮ǰɡںһλ֣˫սʮʮҹ飬ճɹλնɱȻλֻǸոͻƲáҲ֤ںĿֲˡ
УλںһĴħͷСѣ֮ǰҲ˽һЩ飬˵ܹһмűߵа޵ߡǼű߲ħͷˣںȣֻħͷеϰˡ峤Ծ˵
һ޵ߣΪôǿ󣿡Զ޷⡣
ǰ޵޷ԵǿھԶ޷ǺںΪǿˡ
Ҳľһιϵ˵ںһǷ֮һںӣѾΪƲĴˡ֮ǰţɵ۴˶˲ԳҪɱܾúܾö¶ǻΪѾնɱˡ峤Щꡣ


2186 
ںٴ˵Ǵеɵ۴˲δںնɱ
ںˣڷպյĴħͷԶͫ𣬶úںûʲô취
峤˵ЩҲɸпһͬʱҲ峤˵ں뷨֮һںں¡һֽз쾰Ѿ֪Է֮ûʲô˽ˣʵԷ˽Ҳֻһģ
ںѾƲ峤˼Ϊں˷֮һںӲŴﵽֲΡǺںӣѵƵĴڣ԰ת
ڻ类ΪΣܹںϻ磬Իòġ޵½־ڵĻ磬ںһ硣
ȷʵֿܡ
ںҲд˵İֹ
ںȷʵ죬ڶˣûֻ峤ͷóҲЩĽںļ

ں뿪˵ءԶͫ𺣬˵
ԶͫôӣҲҪȪ߶ѣѵһãںޱȵϣбҲѿó
Ȫߵ䣬ĴͬƶڣŸѾϣֱӾҪһΪܸ㣿Զͫͳ쳹ķ

Զͫ㻹ΪҪȪߣҪɣԶͫ𣬰ռȪжˣǴӻȪߣõ˶ٺô
ߣҲ˵ȪߣұضҪġңԿںȫûмɵԶͫ˼
ۣں仰֮壬ٴλΪһźŻȪ֮Ŵȥ
ͣԶͫһХӰ˸
ڻȪ֮ǰһƬռֱӱǱǺںĺѸͿԭֻռһƬռĺ̼ɢԲ
Զͫ£ɨȴǲȫֹӽȪ֮šȪ֮ǰռ䶼ǺȻŻȪ֮͸
ǿ廯ΪȷʵƲˡԶԶ֣ͫҲԶͫȻ޷ȫ
ϽӽȪ֮š
ںҲ̫Ƿ˰ɣսͻȻΪһ⣬嵽˻Ȫ֮ǰֳһɫĳɲǼӳǧӰЩӰȫں֮ϡ
ߣҵжǴӦӦӰ¥Ĺ֯үҲˣ͵ڣʱܡ
סںȻǵͻһ峤˵һ䣬Ҳų
󣬾¥İʹˡںҪȪߣǴĴĵˡ
Զͫĸ֣غںȪ֮š
ȵˣ䲻ΣǵʵѾܽӽˡˣվϲ޵ΪĴڡѾ޵̳ĸˣȴǱҪǿö޵ߡ
ŸɫĻı֮䱻ֵͷ⣬ƼȺˡ
ںλǿߵֹͻȻЦ
ƾǣҲңΪԼɵ𣿡ںƺɵ
Թ۲Զͫ˵ɫλǿߣûһɫǺں˵ĿʵԶͫزסںȪ֮š
ڼʱ֮󣬺Ȫ֮ŽӴֻһ˿һĺȪ֮źȫ̿ĺ˲Ϣ䳹ʧ֮䣬ָԭòԶͫˣҲֹͣ֡
ˣĿжŷŭĻ档

ںԶҪҵСҶԶͫŭ
ȵ˻һЩԶͫƬͳߡԶͫܺĴʮλݣϵĻɲ֣ҲⷨĻɵλһ̶ϣԶͫȷʵƬˡ
ںȪߣϢȥֻ֮˵ںԶͫӲ˻ȪߵĽ˵ںǴĴᡣ
棬Զͫģ
ˣô죿ںȪ֮ţȪ߸߼ڵֻʣ°˸ˡʹԶͫ
ʹӦԶͫԼĴΪɵһΪ¥ֻһôΪںٵһ϶ܴ¥߿۳ҲںȪߡ


2187 
ųغںȪߣʹҲֻӣδ
ȻһҲ޷ֹںȪߡ
ԶͫĿ⿴Ĵԡ
ȡ㻹й֯˸ܵԶͫĿ⣬۹۱ǲΪ˭֪ںȪߺǾŸһôҪ˭׳һأ˭Ը⡣
ˣʣ°˸ҿĸƽˣÿպþǰ˸ʹЦ˵
ѣ峤Ц
սɨһ۰û˵Ӱ¥Ĺ֯үֱ˰ʹĻ
飬ȻͨԶͫ𣬶ͬ⡣
֯ѻȵѣԻȪ߸߼ڵԶͫ𻺻ڡ
ı¿϶ҪҲǰ취
ˣȻõѾһСѡʵϣֻ峤̾Ϳˡ
֯ү˿Զֹͫ
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չĴӻȪߴĻȪʯÿ˶ҪɵķݶԶͫ
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ԶͫţȷʵӰ¥ԿһЩҲǺܴһǲýȪʯֳɸԶͫһһ󣬹֯үҲܽܡ
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ĴԾ˵Ͳʲôǿ㲻תУҲܵʲôˡȪߵ޵ߣŵص޵֮⣬ǾҪתֵɳˡ߼Ȫߵĳ֮ⶼϲǿߣܵӰҲ̫
Ϊ裬ԾֱӴ߶̽黷
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ȪڣһЩȪʯЩУȪʯ١⣬ɳĿҰϣҲлȪʯ֣õĻǱϾ˵ҰϻȪʯϡ٣Σ
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֮һյʱ䣬Եɫ΢΢һ
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ⴢ﷨ֻ¶ǲϸܻܿҲҺþԽܵɳɾԿصúĴ﷨
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Ǵ﷨﷨ϣнƴڣֱӴ򿪣ҪȽƿܿƷ


2188 ջķ
﷨ϵĽƲӣҪƽԾ˵¡ʱ䶼ϵĽƾͱȫƳ
һ̣Ե˳˴﷨ڲռ䡣
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͵ȡеȺ͸ߵȵĻȪʯУߵȻȪʯֻöеȻȪʯʮöӣ͵ȻȪʯ϶ࡣȪʯ⣬һЩʯȲϣЩϼֵǺܸߣԹһҲͼʮھʯһھʯӡ

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ֿ򺡹ǵֻʣһߺǣҲݣĴ﷨ҲûйݵϢԣֻܽ㰲ˡ
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2189 
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2190 Եķ
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2191 ͵͵
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2192 ֶ
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2193 ɹ
ͻȪʯѾɶʯ𽥷롣
ʱ򣬾Ӱ͵ĸ壬ڿǰ˵ԵڴͻȪʯϡ
¬׷žԹԲᣬ˫ƿסӴĿ
𣡡һȡ
˫֮ϣɫɫ·չ˲Ϣ㸲Ȫʯ
¡ӴĿ
ͺˣʱҲϷ£Ѿۿ˾ԵĶɫ䣬˶ͻȪʯȻҲŹ
ǣͿ𶯺󣬽һʯ
Խеܴ߶˼£һͷʱϲһǰӴȪʯʧˡ
ͻȪʯѾ뵽Ǭ֮ڡ
ɶ񣡡¥¬ŭȣ˫ĿҪӣгһǿķʱֹͣ˶ԾԵĹ
žտôʱûܳûɱԡھѾɱԵȻ͸ˡ
ʵ󣬾ԵǿΪôֲ
ڽȪ֮ǰĵ԰ʹ˵ڶһɱԾԳʮξδ֣ɱԡ
¬һ
ǣӣȻþ˿
ʲô
ͺˣɫʱ򣬸պÿȪʯڿǣҪҪԾԳ֣ƱصﾰԣΪ˴ͻȪʯǵǲϧﾰԣǳֺܷɱԶشͻȪʯ
Ȼ¬Ƿк¬ʵĿǰ¬ûֹ߿
ƽһһת¬ˡ
¬㵹ʹˣڣҲֵҳˣѪδɺԣȷʵֲҲ¬ǿ߹֮ºˡ
ˡ
ƣ˾Եĸ
СӣǿĶʶģٽ򣬱ų˻ȪߣҲһ޷ſ뿪¬вԣѾԼɱԵʵֻҪ˻ȪߣĴҲžԴߴͿĴвֻ¥ԾԳ֡
϶ҵĿҲԼûǸЦһ
ಣӰһб׽ٿ֡
Զ¬һն˹ȥ
⴩¬¬Ҳʩչֵ񱩵ˣȫҪԷɱ
ͺһûгֻ֣ۿž¬֡ԽԽǵ벻Եʵ֮ǿĿǰԾѹ¬ڴ
һڤվ޵ߣȻѹһ϶ǿߴ
ȷʵ˷˼
Ȼ֮ǰؾڻɱޣüߵĻȪ֣֪Եʵͬһ㣬ҪȺܶڤվ޵߶ǿ¬жڣʱȻǾԵĶ֡
ʩչ黯߶Уȫ¬ķֻ¬׺ݴ߶ַȥʱ¬ʩչ깥
ģС̫ǿֲСռڣĹȫӰ죬ҶĹʹޡ¬ҪѪ
ܵսܵӰ졣
ಣת󣬱Ϸ˳ȥ
ΪڿĵطԼԷӳǿʵ
ʵҲȷʵˣ޵ߣϲСռսǻӰǵ
¬ɴܳȥҲ̸˳ȥ׷¬
ʵԴʱҲ뿪һģ¿ҲֹԼԼ¬ĹУ϶⼶ǿֹǹкڤվ黯Ҳס
ڹ¬Ҳˣ˲׳֡
޴ĹϿգĻɳУ¬췭ظ
ಣ
˽ʱһЩӰֽ
ô£
ǲǾԵ¥¬ս
ţͺλҲ
ʲôôо¬Ǵ·磬ԵѹƣŵغҽȪߵ޵½˸
ǿԺ¬սΣȫ̾۾
ҪҪﾰԵѣ峤ԾԵѺܿذҵһλתĿһʵ
ԵѴϷ磬ǳֵĻûʲô塣һλҡҡͷ
Σգǳ־¾ԣԿ϶ǸмǾѹ¬ǳʲôɱ¬¬¥Σ¥ǿɲǵ򼶵


2194 þС
Զͫĵ֮ڣҡŵػǰӰ¥ǲþµڵ¥ҲὫ¥ĵˡ
¥Ҽǿʢʲôɵ¥ĺ棬춼ӰȻĶԶͫһ˱ᡣǰ¥ԪϸԶͫѶò־Ⱥμս£Ϳɿó¥жôǿ
˵ûҳϵͷ
Ҳҳϣұӵܡ
ҪվסţҲǿߡӵܣǿʢһʱҲ޷á˵ˣݵ֮壬Ҳÿſ֧š
ԵѵʵȻ¬֮ϣ
̫ˣ̫ˣ
ѹڻȪսôǿһսһܶһ
ڿڻȪսҲûжȫõĻȪӦøࡣ
ڤվ𣿡
ŵ޵ߣҲĿ۶¬սеľԡ
ԵΪ¬ɱŵһ޵߿ʵתĿҵλϡ
ҳϣǸһط
ҲǸ֪Źġ룬ӦǾԵʱ¥¬ԾԵѲɡҡҡͷ²˵
Ӱ¥λѣǸ絽ϿһİӰ¥κͿˡ
ŵصҲ档
˶һۡ
˵ǿ·ûУ
ָŵϾ޴֣ڳ˵
˶ͷôһ֣ǵȻˡҿۼӦ²ġǹʱͿ˵ϵĹ֣Ҳûж룬ֻΪǾ¬ɵƻ
ڣǰ¥¬ңһȪʯζЦһ
ʲô
Ȫʯ
ģŵغҵ޵ߣɫһ䣬۾ĶŹ֣Ҳǿٸȥ
ȪʯȻѾ𡣲ֻСͻȪʯѣ¬һ˷ֵһ롣
СͿѣ
ǺûЦһ
ŽȪ߼µʱ䣬ͷһȪʯŵصҲĿſ
ֻСͿƽ֣Ҳ˼ˡ
Һ¬ϵõСͿͲʲôСͿ֮£һͻȪʯǲңͻȪʯԸȥˡ¬ϣŻ뾰ɱͳ˵
ԣȫ۾Բ
ͻȪʯԵȥˣ
ⷬУһЩرζԣҲıߴͻȪʯԣ˵˴;ʯȴû˵ǾԷֵĴͻȪʯ
СͻȪʯȷʵ¬ֵģȷе˵ȫ¬ｫСͿġˣδĴͻȪʯ
ϸ˵ԶߴͿҲ޿ɺǡ
ȪڵԴͲκˣȻ˭ֵ˭ߡ
ѣ˵ģŵһʵ
⻹м٣ǧȷǺǣǲһ˵ٻƭǰɣ𣿡Цһ˵

峤峤óѶ
Ȫ棬˾סĹڣ峤ȡѶ
ϸҴѶ֪ڶʲôջ񡣡峤ЦŶڳ˵һ䡣
ϣôˣѶӦ
峤һҵЩ
峤ڳ˶óͨѶоĺЩء
仰峤ɫ΢΢һ䡣
ΪڻȪʲô鷳
ʲôվѶʵ
ǾԵѣԵѡһͻȪʯٶȴ
ţ΢΢һ
ڳˣȫվÿĿУ¶
ȪڣȷʵлȪʯһǺҵġС͵ĿҲÿλȪ߿޵߷֣˵ͻȪʯˡ
峤ʱԵ¥¬ɱ¬ᾰԵѵĴͿҺϣ峤˵Ǹô죿˵
峤һתĿһڳˡ
峤ǰﾰ¥᲻ᡭЩԥ˵
峤ҡͷ˼ܿ˾Ѷ̫Ĺ˼ɣϣҪСѡ


2195 
峤Ѷһ仰ûϻӦ
峤Ϣһŵô£ѵСѾ⣿
ŻӦ峤Եʱǰæ¬֣¬ǱѹƵġսƺ¬֮ϡ¬Ĺûʲôв
ʲô峤Ծ
¬Ȼѹƣ
¥¬ʵȴǿȻѹƣ
˼峤ڳͬˡ¬һֱǵ¥ʹĵɽĸ߲¬İʵٶ˽⡣¬ε޵ߣ峤Գ֣Ҫɱ׵顣
ţ֪ˡ֮£СΣˣȻҲɱ¬¥ϳǱŭ峤
ãˡӦ
жͨѶ峤ڳˡ
󲻵ȻܹջһͻȪʯܹ̾˵
ջͿҲˣáɾȻܹѹ¬ˡڤվǿᣬ̤ϲΣֱ޵Уһ˿ھ̾˵
ڣ뾰Сѹϵ峤¶Цݡ
峤ҪڻȪڵﾰԣȻȫ뾰ԵĹϵҵܣû̶ֳȡ
Ҫԭ򣬻Ȫʯ
ڻȪڻõĻȪʯɷݶġԱɱĴȪʯҲɵķݶһδ֪ءȻˣβסܹõɷݶջһ顣
峤õϢͬʱӰ¥Ĺ֯үͳŵصսͬǵõ˲Ϣ
֯үսˣȻҲⲻ˾̾һԵʵ
Եսѹ¬ҲǵԤϣԵʵȻлҪǿöࡣ
ͻȪʯֵȻǳǳߣǲ˷ֵġȻǾСҵĿѾǾǳŵ޹ءˣҪ뾰СѶ֡ŵصսǱȽˡ
ȻҲҪջóŵڻȪߵ޵߲ҪԾԳ֡
ŵڻȪߵ˵õսĴѶ󣬱ҲϨ˼
ڰӰ¥ߣξͲ̫һˡ
Ӱ¥Ĺ֯үŲ±ĴͻȪʯ
밵Ӱ¥һȺ֮󣬸˰Ӱ¥ڻȪڵ޵һѶϢ
Ǽ£㲻ܶͿҲܷһһͿ̫ˣǾԲӦþΪС֯ү˶ǿ񡢺˵ġ
Ӱ¥ȷʵнύԵ˼һͻȪʯǰ֯ү罫Ƿݽύ˼צ۹ȥˡֻҪִֵܹͻȪʯ뾰Խʲô
ˣȪڵľƾȽˡ
¬սɱ伤ңƺƴ󣬵ɱԷ
Եˣڹȶ޵ߣȷʵһЩ깥͵Ϯ¬Ҳ޷϶ε¬в¬ԾԵĹҲ˵ԡ
˴üңһʱȥ˶ûʲôˡϿѹ¬ɱ¬ǻԶ
¬ѡԵѣ
һˡ
ȥҲһ취ܴܲ򵽻Ȫ߹رհɣҿ̸ͣһ̸Це˵
ĻĿɨ
Ӱһ˳һξ롣¬Ҳû׷Ͼԡʵ¬ͲˣǱѹƵģ֪Լɱ˾ԣȥ˵ûκ壬ֻǰ棬ûͣ֡
¬Ѻ;ԵѶǴˡžԺ¬Ц˵
ĿתתھԵϵԵѣһͿ¬ѷֵСͿ֮µġ˵ǿҲӦ¬ѷֵġ
Ǻǣ⻰ҾͲ̫ˡǶλֵģΪβߣأЦһ
һĻԾ֪ϻʲô
ҲǸпȻǰĽ鶼סǰǰӰ¥Ϊ£ԼʮھʯڻȪʯ֮ǰӰ¥ת۾뷭ˡ
ԵѣǿʶˡҺ¬ȻûǴͿǶ˶û뿪Եѣ䲻˿Һ¬ѿ϶һ̽ƬͿġƤҲ


2196 
ԿſЦ
˵úãҿ㲻罫Ȫ߶ֱӰᵽǰӰ¥ȥȪԺͶǰӰ¥ˡЦһ˵
һСӡ¬ҧŭȡ
ʱ¥¬ǺͰӰ¥γͬһˡ
ԵѣһͻȪʯ̺ĻȪʯࡣԶʳȡҡͷ
ҿǽͿֳݣһھԵ㣬һ¥¬ϣһǰӰ¥һ£¬Ҳû¬
¬˵жʱһϲ
ӾͿѾˣɱ˾ԡտͿ¬ӦҲܵõͿҡô˵ĽܱʲôòҪǿܶࡣ
¬ѹϲãҪͷԾͳˡ
ѣ㲻ض˵ˡͿҷ֣ҲûҪǷǰ¬СͿҲδҷö˵ˡ
Եѣֶ̿ҺɫĿѾżɱ⡣
֯ү£þó棬ԲԸǷôҲǿԶġԵսѹ¬֣ӦҲһɱԶÿġ
ֻ֣ǣʹˡгŵغҵǿһԿš֣ŵغЩ˻᲻Ҳж
ŵغҵˣȻҲȡ棬ǿ϶ֽһ
붯֣ҾԽžǡһǾ仰ҵĿóҲӰ¥׼ˡ
ͺζЦ
Ӧ֣ǳŵô˵תĿ򳿹ŵص޵Ӧ졣
Ӧһǳһ¡
ѾսѶͨս˼ǲ֣ҲǲᾰԵĿս˵򳿹ŵԮ˿һ̶ϰﾰԡ
ֺ⣿
ҳŵᾰԵѵĿǾˡҳŵأûôҪ˵ĶӦ쿪ƤЦⲻЦ˵
ߣӦ˵һŭ⡣
Ӧ仰ԾԼӰ¥Ҫ
ֿҵϡ
δڣȿڵԵҵѣҪǰԾԵѲұزԹۡ
ֱӾͱҵ̬ȡ
仰º󣬿ɫпš˵̬ȣȻǻﾰԵġŵأܿϹۣųؼʱְﾰԡ
ôһԼͺΣټһ¬һˡǱߣҲˡ
ۺϿǣǶɱߺʤ㡣ܣơ

γϣˣǸߵĺΡ
ϣҵ˼վھǱߵġʵҲ⣬ԽȪߵҸġڻȪڵջ񣬳ȥҪɣҲԸðҲ֮СҿʱǲҪ֣һеȴӻȪ߳ȥ֮˵⾰ŪһͿһ˴ǲôסԶͫΪ˵¥ҲδػԶͫӡδ˵
Ҳֻˣ΢ɲĵ˵ͷ
ԣȪʯȻǺöûôθȴһͿǻᱻŵġϣ뿪Ȫߺ󣬲ڵľֶԾЦ
תȥ
ڿͺ뿪󣬾ͷɳһ¬ǿߣԸһУҪ˾Σգǿ¾׶༪ˡ˵˿ܰԼֲԼˣʱ˵ʲôڿ뿪ΣҲͽˡ
¬뿪Ҳ˼תߡһʲô壿ɱ˾ԣ
ѡѣлλˡԶ˹֡
ԵѲؿӦġֵ
ҲԾЦŰڰ֡
ԵѣϲϲȪ߲ʱ䣬ջһͿۺ찡ŵصӦԵء
ӦѺܵѣǾӡֶӦ˹˵
Եѹˣǳŵȷʵǵ¡ӦЦЦֵԵѣѡѣǾұϣǶиҵĻȪʯ
Ӧŵص޵ߣҲת뿪


2197 Ȫͼ
Ȫ⣡
ϾҴԶͫסĹϲɫ
ȪѾµʱ䣬ԶͫϾЩˣԼĴˣھ뿪˵أǻһֱȵȪ߹رա
ÿһλȪ߿ʱ䲻̶ʮ꣬ϰꡣʷϣȪ߿ʱһǽӽʱ䡣
ϾԶͫϾ¶Ц⣺ôҴҵģˣ
ˣ߼Ȫߵ˵𣿡Ͼ
Ŷʲô£ԶͫЦʡ
ǡ˵ڸ߼ȪҵһȪʯ¥¬ҪᣬаӰ¥ƺҲڶ˼Ͼҧűݡ
˵Ϣʵȫ档
ӻȪߴϢģĴֱӴѶ߲ϾҲֻһЩԣ׼ȷ
˵°֮ǰ˵ˡԶͫͷ
ˣڻȪ߿ΣաѶûлӦϾ浣ľԵİȫ
˵£͹ԶͫˡԼ޷Ӱ쵽ĴԶܹͫӰġ
ԶͫϾ˵Ͼ˼ǣϣҳ棬¥ͰӰ¥ҪڻȪΪѾ𣿡
Ͼæͷ
Զͫϳ棬¥ͰӰ¥϶øԶͫ𼸷ӡ
Ͼˡ£ͲҪҳġڻȪ߹ر֮ǰҲҪ˵ʲôԶͫЦһ˵
ɾΣհϾһʱ䵹ûԶͫ˼
ʱûʲôΣգ֪¥¬ȷʵˣκβ˵¬뾰Сɱѹơ¬ûа취ᾰԵĿӰ¥Ǳߣ˼Ӱ¥˲δ֣վھߵġԶͫԻȪڷ飬˽ñȽ
ȻȪߵĶĴĳԱټһԣԶͫͨĴҲ֪ȪڷĴ󲿷顣羰ջͿ£¥Ӱ¥˵ҺͳŵҲԶͫ˵
Զͫ˵ϾĿ
¬뾰Խ֣Ȼѹƣ
⡭
¬սϾҪ΢ǿһЩԣȻܹѹ¥¬˵Ես޵жĲ𣿱ϾҪǿһԣڤվΪѰ
ϾͲҪľˡСһɲѽտʼʱȷʵҲˡ벻ʵȻ֮ǿϾҲҿ㽫ƼңܹߡԶͫ˵
ڻȪ߻ôͿԶͫϲּΪԻõĴͿͬһݡĹأκνȪߵ޵ڶڵջ񣬶ҪɸԶͫ
ţҾͷˡϾ˵ͷ
ϾԶͫʱȪ߸˵ԿѾڻȪڱĴնɱˣ¥¬С
ȻҲ˵¥¬ֲ·硣
ûһ׼ȷϢ£ĴҲûгҥ
Ȫ֮ڡ
ԻôͻȪʯ¬ֺס˿ҲҵλϷֿԣڻȪѰһȪʯͿ
ʱһ졢һµĹȥ
ת۱Ǽ꣬ڻȪѰ˼꣬ڽȪ߼ºֵͿ֮⣬ûҵˣСͿҲûСԵȻ̽ǧףҲǺ۵ģܳʱά֡
һգһѰɢĻȪʯ
ף
ôоɳСࣿɻĿܵĿռ䡣
ԭյĻɳʱȷʵС˺ܶ࣬ն峺ˡ
ô£˫ü
ˣ
һصĳɣϢȻռ䡣
ûǳȪߡȪߵÿһ䣬ͬһʱ䱻ɲɣĻϢ⡣
ɫһ䣬ȻһĿⶢԶ˵ʡ
ǡԿૡ
ͬʱ
ǡѵǡȪĳҵϣ΢΢һ۾ʡ
ôĻô𣿡
Ȫͼ𣿡ૣĿоŷϢôء
ĪǻȪͼˣϢƺǻȪͼɢģ˵Ȫ߿ʮΣǻȪͼŻôһΰŵصӦ
¬ܡȵڻȪڵĴ޵ߣ֮ǰʲôʱȫס񶼶ͬһ


2198 Ȫ֮
Щ϶ǿߣʱ¶Ƶı顣
Ȫͼ
ȪԼһ꿪һΣȪ߿ʮвŻһȪͼ
ȪʯȻ󣬱ǶױȵĸЧڤվͨڤվﾳε޵ߣЧҲö˵ٶĻȪʯǸߵȻȪʯҲ޷Ȫͼȡ
Щǿߣѹס𾪺󣬱¶ȵĿ⣬ÿĿжȼųȵĻ档
ಣಣಣ
ڻȪ߸طɢ޵ߣȺǻȪͼλüٸȥ
ȪͼһǻȪͼĿ
ϾȪڵĻȪͼϾԻȪͼֻ֪࣬˵ȪÿοкСļʻлȪͼȪͼһĵ;Ե
ڻȪͼ꾡ϢϾҲ
ȥҲŻȪͼλ÷ǰ
˵ǷУʵڿռ˲Ƹ·
ھԵִȪͼʱȴ󲿷޵߶ѾڻȪͼ
Եѡ
ԴӺ󷽵ִ˹ֵ
ߵϣҲԾԹִк
λϹϵ׽ߡ
λϡԹֻ
ǰһ޴ͼ
ͼͨнɫâҫֲǴͼȪߡ
֮˵ͼΪһͼһǳֵͼǾԹۿҲǺͷ֪ǻоǺ
λϣǾǴеĻȪͼָ޴ͨصͼ
ûǾǻȪΪĪĻȪͼû뵽λȪͼҵˡ˵
ǻлľʲôüʵ
˿ԣЩƾԾȻʳ⡣
ƺתȻˣ뵽ԱϾڤվΣս뺷ޱȣվһЩֺᣬԻȪͼ˽ⲻҲĴĸ߲Ա˽ȪͼΪĴÿλȪ߿޵߽УܹһЩ˼ǽȪͼġ
ԵѣϸۿǻеһʲôûֱӻشԵ⡣
ԣҲĿ
Ƭ̺˵ƺ·ңͷ֪㣬յ㡣
ȷʵ·ΪȪ··յ㣬ȷе˵ӦþûյɡУûŪȪͼİءûϵֻҪȪͼлõԵ
ԵѣȪͼڣһֽȪ֮ĵıԵѿ֪ܲԶͫӻȪͼڻһöȪ֮ġԶͫڻûȪ֮֮ǰֻ޵ߣڵõȪ֮ĺ󲻾ãϲ̤Ρ˵
ʲôԵ
ԶͫǵõȪ֮ģŴ̤Σ
޵Ҫ̤ǷǳǳѵġھԵĻ磬ǻ˵磬ɵʱ޵˵ҲǺܳܳˡǣһڣûκһ޵̤Ҳϵ𾳽硣
˵ңҲֻλǿߣ֮Ҳֵڶλڵ峤ȣǽӽΣվṳ̂Ρ
Ϊ̫̫ˡǿĴ䣬Իôﵽңɼġ
¡Ҳͷ
λѶǫãҾͲˣȽһһӲ෽
Ե˶һǿӰ¥ĿϿٷɳŻȪͼȥ
ٶȼ죬δ䣬ӰѾ˻Ȫͼǰ

ɾڿ񼴽ȪͼʱһȴǴ
Եȫüͷһ塣ΪһƺǴӻȪͼڲġ
˱㿴һڹӻȪͼڱŷһڹ⣬׺ſȥ
ԭǳȪͼٶȼ죬ɴʱ˵ٶȸ졣зһƺӰ˿ռ䣬ֻһ֮ԶסҲѪĿ׺ݵĶŻȪͼ
ʱ򣬴ӻȪͼڣһɫӰֳ
ǱˣڻȪ߿ǿдԶͫ˷Ȫߵĺں
ں֣Եɫ΢΢һ䡣ںնɱǿߵĿ´ڡΪѾ޵ߵķ롣
£޵Ǿ޿𿹺ġǿĴڵ䣬ҲֻΪСǰǰסںȴܹɱС


2199 Եĺں
޵֮ʵҲǼΪġ
񵱳ԻܵļűǱȽͨ޵ߣűҲ޵ߣűߵĹ޵ǿ١һ˵޵վڸ߶˵ģȻ֮ʵҲкܴ𡣱ϾʵеƫϵӡϾ޵жǸΣɱűߣֻҪ򵥵һС
ʱȪߵĴ䣬֯Щˣ޵ǿһʵϵ͵ҪɱǶѡǾȻ˵ǷǳңԶԼ޷֪Լĵ;ܷ̤Ρ
ʵϾҲ˵ǺܽӽˡھϣûʲôֻǷֶϲϴĴʱ̤𾳽磬ͬҲˣ˵ʱпܿΡ
񱻺ںˣڳ˱鶼ЩѿΪں˼Ҫֹ˿϶ֻпһҪȪͼںһֹ
ںʲô˼ǹѪĿŭ⣬źںʵ
ںĿһɨ俴ſ
ʲô˼Ҫ㽻𣿡
ʶ㣬ңںͲ˷
ں˼ҪֹǽȪͼˣ¬ʵ
˵ûκ˶ȪͼȰһ䣬뿪Ȫͼ˷ʱ䡣ǵĻȪʯȪͼڵĶǲǸȾָġߣҺںӽȪߣҪľǻȪͼĶں۾¬һۡ
ںδ̫Ե˰ɣȪ߿ʮΣȪͼųһΡ̫ˣŵصҲ˵
ˣҪҷϻ֮Ȫͼ˷ʱ䣬ȥѰһȪʯںһֵ
Ҳźں
ȪͼԵȻҲСȪͼڵĻȪ֮ģκ˶õɺںջ
Եѣ㷢ûУԡ
Կһӵǲ֪˼
ĺںӦֻһ߷ѡ
΢΢һ
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Ե˵ͷ˵ȷʵǷоϢԶȲڻȪʱ򡣡
ǵģǱĻǸղԿһʱܾ޷վˡܿܣֱӾͱնɱˡںʵ̫ǿˣԶͫûֹȪߡ
ѣǷĻʵƺ̫ǿ˰ɣһôôǿЩɻ
һ޵ߵķķʵҲѴﵽΡںķȴһнǿ񶼻ˡ
ںķЩ޵߷ǲͬġںںϹһںӣƲˣ⡣Ūܶҿһʵ
ǿķԭʵҵʵʵǿˣڵıʵͻȽһЩԭʵɣôԭʵ߳ɵʵ
赲ǽȪͼıڻȪͼڣѰһȪ֮ġһԾ˵˲Ϣ
ҵʵ˼ҲûԾ
ɵʵҲԶǶְںȻ׼ˣ֪ԼɵʵҲȫ㹻赲Щ˽Ȫͼ̾Ϣһ
ಣ
䣡ھʱ¥¬ŻȪͼˡ
ܿںµǷ¬˵ȻҲܿó
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¬ȳˡ
Ķں¬Լһȣ˫Ļ
һµֻ¬ղſһ˳ȥ¬׼߶ȫֶΣȻɣûˡȻ¬ʵҲ΢ȿǿһЩ


2200 Գ
ں̫ǿˣ۷ʵһҲ¬ܹġ
߼ȪߣһǾŸںڻȪ߿ǿӶһ㻹ʣ°˸У֮⣬Ҳ¥¬ʵǿˡŵصˣսҲѷ¥¬
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ûϣˣٶҡͷ
¬岻ȥҲ¬ʵǿԼҪǿһЩ
һȪͼأתĿʵ
ûõġ޵ߣЩһϣǺںԻûɺںӣȺս޵ߡҡҡͷ
Եѵʵ¬ҪǿԺںǡϿžҡҡͷ
ţȷʵްաԵͷ
ǻɢȥɣںһڻȪͼ֮ǰǺ޻ᡣ̾һ
ںǸ޷Ȫͼ￴ŻȪͼ˷ʱ䣬ȥѰһȪʯʵڡ
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λҿȪͼû취ˡҪ￴ŻȪͼ𣿺ǺǣҺܶ˾ͲˣһӦ˵
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֪ں˵󻰣ƾںҲɱ¬ղһαںˣûˣʵ¬֪ںûж÷ȫںķϾǱ壬̺޵ģһͻһ㡣Ȫͼǻ̵һʱ䣬ںȻϣġ
ԵĿǰΪֹǰԿ֮¬ںû֡
¬ļŭ˺ںºںҲ᲻ϧɱ֡
¬Ҳ˵ˣֻҧźںķ
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Եѣ˵ȷʵеΣǲܻеڶλȪͼŭ˺ںסҲȰ˵
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ŵĶʱоһֱں£տǺľȻһο
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ŹеȫתԵ棬һƬɫҫӵɫ·
黯ͬʱʩչ黯黯ܵĿռ䡣
ھܣռŤ۵
Եѡһ䡣
ϣҲ۾žԳ̵Ӱ
С̰С¬ЦĿžԡ
Ӱ¥ĿͺˣͬĿתžԡ
СںԳ˫ƶʱžĻȥ
ںԾûʲô˽⣬¬Щʶģ¬ĴзǳҪĳԱںҲһֱӱչصˣȻ¬ЩİɶԾ޵ߣǱȽİģǰδҲû˵
ʱһڤվ޵ߣȻҲҳԼĻȪͼɱ˲⡣
ԺںĹҲûʵսֶ֮ηڹк黯ֶַϡףԼڵʵںɱǸͲκλᡣҪȪͼΨһпܳɹķʽƾںȦӡ
ƾֶξͳȥҲʵˣǾԵĽȻҲ¬һɻȥڳȪͼ֮ǰݹ
ںںʱ򣬾Եǽһǿͷų
깥
εںȥ


2201 
Ե깥ںӴʱںԾԵĹԳ˳ٻں̧˫ƣ۳ҲǺɫɲӡ˶ݵ͡
ںȷʵǿں˷֮һںӺҲǿܹڴϲͨ𡣿ڻȪͼĺںϾֻǷںҲ̫ܽ䵽һϡ
ΪˣںԵ깥֮Ǽ̵ʱҲˡ
ҪģǼ̵ʱ䡣ԵٶȺ֮죿̶̵ֻɲǼ䣬Ա˺ںķ
ںܿѹѾӽȪͼһŭз
ӡݺݶžԱ˹ȥ
飡ԱɫӡУȴԸٶȳȪͼ
ٿ䣬ԵӰʧ
˻Ȫͼ
ȻǱںһƣǺںŭ֮ȫһƣ黯͹еĵ󣬾ܹһܡһЩˣв
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Եѳɹˣ
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ģһҪնɱԡ
¬ͻȻһóѶ¥İʹѶ
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ʹڳ¥Աһ̸Щ¥Ա㶼Ц⡣
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ԶͫڹУ峤峤ɫѿ
峤ҴҵĹַʲô°Զͫ΢Цʵ
ˣԿΣհ峤ֱ˵
ԣСʲôΣգ¥¬Ķ֣λ϶εĳϰæڻȪʲôΣգԶͫȻ
һεΣգԺں峤ҡҡͷȪһοȪͼˣոϴѶ˵¡ǺںֱһڻȪͼ֮⣬赲˽ȪͼѰһȪ֮ġǾԣȻǳ˺ں谭ɹȪͼˡ
ţ£
Сһ˲ðȻܳƺںķһСܳȥҲ˵ġ
ãȷʵΣˣԽȪͼǺںа֮ˣײŹԶͫ˵˵ţȻӦ
ˣ˵ںŭ˵Ҫնɱԡˣô죿ڻȪͼڣܻɻȪͼʮʮͻرգʱֱǿʢĺںǱ𣿡峤
ԶͫҲü
֮ǰ¬֣Զͫ˵ܹѹ¬лǱȽõġڣֱںˡ
ԶͫҲǣҲûʲô취ͬ޷ֻȪ֮ڵ顣ѵҪѶںܴѶкںӡǣֻǺںӷŹԡ֮ǰںҲǿһȪߵˡ


2202 Ȫ·߷
ںӸܻΪ˵飬Ǻں̫ܸԶͫӡ´Ѷ˵飬ֻԼ޷סԵ
峤Ҳ뱣¾ԣڻȪڣұ޳ĪԶͫεҡҡͷ
ڻȪ֮⣬Զͫ˳ںɱڻȪڷ飬Զͫ޷ȪҺں
峤֪Զͫ˵ʵʵںĲǾԵɻȪʯڻȪ֮ڣϵõĴͻȪʯضᱻںߣҾʲôҲòˡ
ڿСֻรˡϣʲôֶΣںںбסԼɡ峤Ҳֻܽʵ
Զͫû취Ҹû취˵ʵΪܹںںб
ǰСӣ治ӦȥǺںġȪͼڵĻȪ֮ȷʵǺöʲôʱ䱦ȵÿǵԼݲǡԣ̫˰Զͫҡͷ
Ӱ¥Ĺ֯үͳŵصսͬȺõԻȪڵϢڻȪڳŵصӦȻһ뿪ȪͼǶھԳȪͼ󲻾þ֪£漴㽫´Ѷս֪
Ӱ¥ͳŵûʲôԾںںУҲûֱӵĹϵԣ޵ԴҲһҲ͹ȥˡ
Ȫ߻Ȫͼ֮ǰ
ں㻹֪ǾСӲ֮ǰõһͻȪʯɣ¬˷ƤӶԺں˵
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ں治֪¡ǺǣСֶκúܣڼǰһͻȪʯںɱСӣɱǺú÷һĴ﷨ǴͿ¬۾˵
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һ߷վڻȪͼ֮ǰ¬ˣܴķ
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ԽȪͼۿľǽһǰĻɫ··ûоͷԽųûʲô谭ܹ̽ģֻнµһ·
ڽȪͼ֮ǰԿȪͼڵĻȪ·ǷǳģһȪ·֯徿ж١ͼڣֻܹ̽нһ·ѡδܵѹƺȴоĻȪ·ڡ
ǰ߿˼㶯
ܼ䰲ûκ촫Ȫ·ߣҲûκ谭˵ƺڻȪͼ֮⻹ҪɺܶࡣȪڻɳ죬ڻȪͼȴһ˿綼о
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ʱھǰ·һģһǹȥҲûκرķ֡ƺǡѡκһ·ǿԵġ
ü˼ãҲûͷ
ҡҡͷƶѡһȪ·ӿŲ
ʱھԵǰٴγƺȫͬĻȪ·һξֻüûж࿼Ǿѡһǰۡ
ֹһʱȪ·ٴγ֡
ʱ󣬾ٴοȪ·ֲԶ
ʮʱԾ˼ʮϰٴλȪ·ڣĿǰΪֹȪ·ûоͷӡ
ԣ
Ӧӵġ
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ҪҵȪ֮ģӦþȪ·߷йءһʲôֻʱ֪
Ҳ֪Ǻںʲô
һ֮ǰͣʶҶԷôԶҲȪ֮ġ
ϥ£̽һΣ̽üϸȪ·ⶼһ̽Ѱ
̽ѰµȪ·Ȼһһȥ̽ǰֲȪ·һĽжԱȣϸµԱɻȪ·һ


2203 ջȪ֮
Ǽ䷱ӵĹ
ɻȪ·ķԼھԻҪ⼸Ȫ·ķжԱ֣޵ߵǼĿ顣
·ķƺȫͬķ˲ʱ䣬Խ·ķԱһ飬ֵעķ֡
·ķƺȫͬ뾰µȪ·ɷûʲô
ԣ
ϸ΢һŲ죬ֻĿǰûз֡ҡͷ
ʱľԣϲȷҪҵȷĻȪ·ҪӻȪ·ɷ֡Ϊ֮⣬ʵûеڶֲֿͬȪ·ķˡĻһĿȻȪ·ɷûʲô̽ġ
һ顣Ϣһᣬʹĵҩĵָٴηֱ·ɷ
һΣԱñȷŸΪϸǧһĶԱ֤
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΢΢һ
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ⲻͬĵطǳϸ΢㽫䵥óն׷е𡣶ԣȴҪȫҵһϵĲͬѶȿ֪
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ȽԼҵ֮ͬķλü£̽ʣµķ˰ʱ䣬ʣµ·ɷһ飬ûٷʲôͬ
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ȻǳԣȷʵһĿ
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վĻȪ·۶ȥ
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һˣ
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·Ҫȱ·ɵöࡣ
һΣһֻ˰ʱ䣬㽫·ϸµĶԱһ飬Ҳ˳ҵ˲ֱ֮·ڲķͬλõķԱȣԾ֪ѡһ·ġ
Կ̤ҲĻȪ·
յʱ֮󣬾ͣ
ǰʮ֮⣬һɫʯ̨ʯ̨Լףһң߶ҲԼһ׵ӡʯ̨ϣһöȭͷСľʯͷųɫĹΡ
ĪǾǻȪ֮ģϢ΢΢ᡣ
Щȷ
ȪͼڣԼҲ˼µʱ䣬ǰȷʵ˷˲ʱ䡣˵ǰɫʯǻȪ֮ģԻǾǲ̫ˡ
˵Ȫͼ޵ߣ˶ܵõȪ֮ġ˵Ȫͼ޵նǿֶġ
ԽȪͼżʱѡô̵ʱ䣬ҵһöȪ֮ģ
ԶƬ̣ʯ̨ӽ
һһ
Դ߶ȫ̽ܣֹʲô
ֱԵʯ̨ıԵҲûκ⡣ɫʯΪˡ˽ǰۿԿɫʯһµķЩ򼫶أҲֻеٲ֡ķַ·Զ
֣ɫʯ
û谭Եָɫʯ
һɷ˼˳žԵָӿ塣
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Լ̲סһ
壬һֱĸоǰδеһָо壬·ð羧Ө͸
Ȫ֮ģ
϶ǻȪ֮ģ
ȻҽӴͬʱԱ֮ȵˡ
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ʵϣһ޵߽ȪͼҪҵȪ֮Ƿǳǳѵġ
˵·򣬾Ͳһ޵ܹġЩ޵ߵ壬Ͳ뾰ȡԱ·򣬿Ҳ̫ѣһ޵ߣǿܻķѼʱ䶼޷
ȪͼÿڵʱҲʮ꣬ҲʮӡڻȪͼڵ޵ߣжٸ˷ѣ
ڹȪͼУ뵽޵ߣ󲿷ֵˣڻȪͼر֮ǰû߳ȷĵһ
ңѡ·ܹġ޷ֱ·ǾڻȪ·꣬ߵȷĻȪ·ȥҲǻȪ·һص㣬ǿ߲ͨġ
һǣѡȷ·󣬾ֻܷȪ֮ġȪͼڵĻȪ·࣬ͷлȪ֮ĵĻȪ·Լֻʮ֮һҡ


2204 Ȫ·ڸ
׼·ҲƽȪ·򿿵ʵջȪ֮Ҫһʵڲãʮν⿪Ȫ·ҲǿܵòȪ֮ĵġ
Եһν⿪Ȫ·ջһöȪ֮ġ
ʯ̨ϵĻȪ֮󣬾ƹʯ̨ǰСȪ·ϵÿһʯ̨˵һѰͷֲ˵ľͷΪÿһʯ̨֮ȻൽԶĻȪ·
İʱ䣬һ⿪ĴλȪ·ûٵõȪ֮ġ
ҸȻָϲΡ
ﵽڤվ⿪Ȫ·ܸһЩѰ˼š
ʵϣھԽȪͼ֮ǰѾҪڻȪ·ڻָڤվˡΪֻҪﵽڤվԲаȫʢĺںǰס
ǿͻƺںȪ·ȻԤϵںŭ󣬵Ȫ·ر֮󣬺ںôܲԼ֣Դˣ׼
ڻȪ·ܷõȪ֮ģԶڻȪ·ر֮ǰָڤվΡ
ԵھʯԴ㣬ڻѾﵽϲΣ϶ھ˵ǲڵġҪģֻǻۺ㹻Դ
ڽȪ֮ǰʵҲǿԻָڤվġֻǣԾʱǺܳ죬ǼŻָܻԽﵽӰ졣ɽҪԺںǾҲ޷˼ôˣڻȪ·ڻָϼ
ѾõһöȪ֮ģҲࡣлȪ֮ģвٻȪʯþԿԱȽ״ָ̬ڤվΪ
ôɣ
Դ㹻лȪ֮ĺʹȪʯҲò̫ʱָܻ΢΢۾ھʯԴȡ
׼ָڤվ

ںı壬ʱڻȪͼڣҲƽȪ·
ĿǰΪֹںҵʯ̨δûȪ֮ġ
ҲڻȪͼڵľԣʱܷġȪͼڵ·ڶ࣬ҵԵټΪҲһ޷ڵĻȪ·͸Ȫ·Ҳ˵뾰ͬһȪ·ϣͲܷ־ԡ
ѰҾ˷̫ʱ䣬Ǿ͵òʧˡңȫѰҾԣҲδڻȪͼر֮ǰҵԡ
ںȻ壬Ҳܽŭѹ£ŵȪͼƽ֮ϡ
ֻŻȪͼرգʱٻɱԡ
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һЩȪʯڸ֪Եȷ棬дȵһУƵ۷塣ͬʱԻǴħӡɱĲȡħӡɱĲ㡣
ԵĽչܿ졣
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һȪ֮ĵΪ˽״̬ﵽѡջȪ֮ĵ
ˣȪ֮ĵӿ֮󣬾Ե۾ڣʱһƬɫγӯ
ˣ뵽һ˵״̬
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䣡
䣡
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ڤվԣ
û谭ǳ˳ıǻָϲΣҷǳûиоָϴȱûлȪ֮Ļ߻ȪʯǾλָܻһЩӰ쵽߲ͻơڣһƺ
žĻָԵ壬ҲдȵԵϾģΪǰĵ΢ԾԶûڻ֮ǰôǿϾָϣҲ֮ǰ൱ˡ
ĺôԶ׼ġ
һֱ֣۾ħӡɱ㣬һûȪ֮ĻڵЧħӡɱĲ㳹ա
лȪ֮ĺͻȪʯĸԶԴħӡɱĲ쵽˾
ʮʱ䣬ħӡɱĲ㣬ǱɡĲĲϣȻҲһա
³һ
ĿӻȪ֮ɨһöȪ̺֮Լʣ߳ңԴͷŵɫܹжϳ
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Уз߶ɫ·鲼ȫܸǣϢ嫡
׾
߸ȵҫĿ̫һԲƹ


2205 ǰر
׾ڷ֮ͬ˵ʩչ֮ɱҪ׾Ϊ֮ǾԼִķ
ھԻָϲκʩչ׾Ҳࡣ
޷
ʩչ޷ܿռ黯ŤԵӰƺʧƬռڡ
Уʩչ깥
УԵЩֲڡԸһЩ޵߿ɱԸ幻ǿ޵ߣҲһҲû취飬Բδ깥籩УֻǶ깥һִǳãܸǿУҲԶ㲻귨
ԱϾʱ̣ҲޣҪԼ깥ⲻǶʱġ
ڻȪ·ϣԽֶζ½ʩչһ顣ڻָڤվκһЧҲ֤һ¸ֶε
ڵʵԺںӦܱס˰ɣվ۾΢С
ȻҲڻȪͼ
лȪ֮ĺͻȪʯ黯ħӡɱ㶼ܿ졣㲻ѰһȪ֮ġ
Ȫͼֻʮ굽ʮʱ䡣λᣬͺһεĻˡ
Բѡ񣬾Կ϶ҪƽȪ·ѰҸĻȪ֮ġ̤ϲΣƽȪ·ԻһЩ
ʵҲ羰Ԥϵָڤվκ󣬽˲һµʱ䣬ɹһʯ̨֮ǰϧǣһʯ̨ûлȪ֮ġ
Ѱҡ
ʱһңԾҵһʯ̨ʯ̨϶ûлȪ֮ġ
Ҳ٣ƽȪ·ٶȺܿ죬ܹҵڶööȪʯġ
һ죬ٴεִһȪ·ľͷڻָڤվκƽĵڰȪ·
ˣ۾һ
ǰʯ̨ϣһöͷųɫεĻȪ֮ģȻһ粽ʯ̨֮ǰֻƻȪ֮
ǾڻȪͼջĵڶöȪ֮ġ
һʱ䣬ԽȪͼҲѾвˡ
ڶöȪ֮ģ̤ʯ̨󷽵ĻȪ·ѰһöȪ֮ġ
һ󣬾ԻõöȪ֮ġֹһ꣬ջöȪ֮ġ


һϮɫ۵ĺںһһʯ̨֮ǰʯ̨ϵĻȪ֮ģбһ󳩿Ц
ȪͼѾˣһҵȪ֮ġʱ䣬ҵһöȪ֮ġʯ̨ҵ˲ÿһʯ̨лȪ֮ġ
ںЩ֣СȪ֮С
ںŻȪ֮Ŀ˺һᣬŽ
ʱ䣡νȪ·ӦÿջööȪ֮ġں
Ͼ磬ȴѰ޵ߡƽȪ·ٶȷʵҲܿ졣
ˣ
ںں׼ƹʯ̨ѰһȪ֮ĵʱһܺȻ١µĻȪ·Ҳʼ
ԸоɻȪ·Ǿ̬Ƕ򷭹к嫵
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ȪͼҪر𣿲ԣôھ͹رգȪͼڻȪӿ̴ڵʱҲǴﵽʮꡣλȪͼ񣬲ǿʱ䣬ͻȻҪرգں˫ü
˼֮УںͻȻһȫϢӿ
ѵѵСӵԭ򣿡
յ鱨ᵽȪͼ޵ߣõĻȪ֮ﵽһ̶ȣȪͼ̹رաںš
νȪߣĿǷǳȷģΪ˻ȪͼڵĻȪ֮ĶΪ˵õȪͼϢ鱨ҲǺķ˼Ĵۡ鱨Уں֪λȪ߿ڲȪ·ļʳ߳ɡ
ķѼۻõ鱨ҲûʧȪͼȻڶˣһʱͽȪͼΪֹȪߵ޵߽ȪͼԼȪ֮ģֳһڻȪͼ赲Щ޵ߡǧ㣬һоԵСֳ˻Ȫͼ
ܵģȪͼˣ֮⣬ǽоС֡ҲŻһöȪ֮ģСӾãҲͻһöȪ֮İɣһöȪ֮ıߣȪͼ͹رգںһʱҲ벻ͨ
ںںջȪ֮ʱƽһȪ·ķͻȻ͸оɻȪ·ķҶĽࡣ
ü˿ܡ
ʲôԸоԭƽĻȪ·ʱȫˣµĻȪ·𽥱Ť
ԶԻȪ·˽ⲻ࣬ûʶǻȪ·Ҫرˡ


2206 ޴
Ȼ֪ǻȪ·ȪͼҪرյļ󣬵ʱȲѰ龰æվ䱸ܣֹʲô⡣
ԻȪͼϣɣصĺϢٶϯȪߡ
ڻȪڿѰȪʯ޵ߣͬʱӦ˻Ȫͼ
ô£
ȪͼͻȻþңѵҪر𣿡
ԡԣȪͼʱ䡣͹رգƺδйȪͼʱҲʮꡣ
ȥ˵
ಣಣ
ֲڻȪߵ޵ߣ׷׳ȪͼλáЩΪں赲޷Ȫͼ㶼ڻȪڼѰһȪʯʱӦȪͼ仯Ȼ̶صȪͼλá
Ӧ졢ܵ޵ߣ½ִȪͼĿǾ޴Ļɫͼ
âõˡ
ǰƺҪرˡ
λȪͼʱ䣬̫˰ɣĪǡʲôɣ
˵֪ĻȪͼϢ̫ˡΪֹȪͼֵĹɶûա
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ǿںɫע⵽ڻȪͼǰĺںʱںɫѿ÷·ܵγˮ
ںķһֱվڻȪͼ֮⡣Ǳһ֣ԷҲ֪Ȫͼڵ֪ȪͼȷʵҪرˡ
ںвȷȪͼǰرյԭ򣬵뵽һֿܾǣڻȪͼڻ˲ٻȪ֮ġֻǣ벻ͨôġƽȪ·ٶѾ죬Ϊε޵ƽȪ·Ҳʲô
ǾԣһڤվεСܿȪ·㲻ˣƽȪ·ķһ˵㾰Сƽ⣬ôܱںƽø죿
ɫͷתŹ𽥵ĻȪͼ

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ɫȷʵܲÿѵڻȪͼûеõȪ֮𣿡
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֪Զͫ᲻ᴫѶںŹС
ԶͫѶѶΪںԶͫӣںڻȪɱ˾ԣԶͫΣҲܸɵ۰ˣЦһ
ԶͫסĹ
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ȪͼҪرˣԶͫҲ޷֪Ȫڵ
ţȷʵڹرյļ󡣡峤˵ͷ
䣬ǻУԿ޴ĻȪͼԼգʱȪͼΪĹ㣬ת˲ɢڿռ֮ڡȪͼʧӰ١
ŻȪͼʧӰҲǳ˵֮УǺںıͽȪͼɫ۵ľԡ
ںֺһҲĺȻ뱾ںϣʵﵽ۷״̬
ˣں;ˡһϵͳ˵
ںҪԾ𣿡š
ڻȪ֮ڣԵܶܲȪ߿ƺܴ󣬿ɶںںǿ˵Եôܣضᱻҵһλҳ̾Ϣһ


2207 ڰ
ڳˣĿŷ档
Ȫͼ͹رգǰȪͼƺδй˶ʱ͹رյӡԶͫͬŴһü˵
ϴӻȪڴ͹ʵʱ档
ĪǻȪͼʲô峤š
Ȫڡ
ֻں˫չڹַԲռ䡣
ǿѹԭأܸӦռڴݶѹ
ںֶθ˷ԲȪɳ⡣մӻȪͼʹֶΣҲ˵ںҪɱԵľġ
ںˡ
ǰһȪͼֱӾʹúڰַںǷֹ߰
ߣӣǻȪߣڻȪ߹ر֮ǰκ˶ȥˣҲֻҪڻȪڣǾܲصʲôط
Ǻǣںֻǲ˷Ѹʱɣþ뿪ҲҪʱȥѰ԰
¬˿źڹֵľԺͺںӰ
ˣΪԵġİﾰԣɶԷǺں˼뾰֣ںںǰһǲһġ
峤ˣںҪԾԵɱˡͨѶ˾ס
ʵ˵ԶͫҲˡ
ˣƺǺڰ֣峤˵
ţȷʵǺڰ֡ԶͫͷںԵɺڷ֮ںһبųĺںӡӴ֮ںӺ϶ΪһںڣںڡɱںʵǷǳǳѡ֣Ҳֻѹƶ޷ɱ
ڰ֣Ǻںӵһ˵һܺ嫵ķԣ˵Ǻں֫һҲԡںһʼúڰֽռӦǴ˱ɱ֮ˡԶͫ𻺻˵
ˣǾСǱˣ峤
޷ȪߣҲ޷ֹںǰȥҵʱҾͶ˵ˡԶͫҡҡͷε
ˣһͻȪʯֽ֮ȪͼڣܻܿڻȪͼڻ˻Ȫ֮ġںɱЩԴɾںˡһҳϿ˵
Զͫüͷ΢΢
ȷʵˣ
˻ȪڣôϵһԴᱻںߡ

Сӣôı°ںªϣɭɲӶŶľԡ
úڰָռ䣬ǲ¾ܹƤӵӵҲɱԡоԵϣܿʲôܡ
ںˡ΢΢һЦ˵
ڻȪͼ֮ķҲбս㣬һڤվ޵ߣȴܹͻҷķȪͼʱҷƺܵһҸоûдӦ깥ֶܹΣ治򵥡ں۾𣬷·ҪԿ͸һ㡣
ڻԪ򣬻ҲǼȺġ
ʱΪ˽ȪͼֻʹӰں꣬ΪԼӮһʱ䡣ںԼ깥ֶΣҲھԵԤ֮С
СӣһλȪͼֻرա룬ȪͼǰرйذɣںûȾԻشٴ˵
ŶһξԵ¶㵵ı顣
ȪͼǰرգҲƣ֮ǰ˵ϢƺǻȪͼÿһڳʮʱ䡣Σֻʱʧˡ
ӻȪͼڳʱеԭٶмʱ䣬ܶջһЩȪ֮ġ
ڻȪͼڣҵõһöȪ֮ġջȪͼĹֻнȪͼ޵ջȪ֮ĴﵽһȪͼŻرաֻõһöϣһǵõ˲öȪ֮İɣں˵
ʵҲȷһ㣬ⷬ̽ԡȪͼǰرգ뵽ֻһܾǽе޵ջĻȪ֮ĴﵽһǺں޷ܵǣôܹõôȪ֮ĵģ
ںҲŵõһöȪ֮ģôܵõôȪ֮أЦҡͷȻɵĵ˵ԼõöȪ֮ġ
Ȫ֮ģջƴƺںȪͼջԣȪ֮ĵȻóָҺԶͫ𡣵ҺԶ֪ͫԼջöȪ֮ģҺԶͫ϶л뷨Զܻͫһ㣬ҿ϶ģֻһλܾúܾò¶ǿߣڤվ۷޵кܶ࣬Ȫ֮ڤվ۷޵̤εЧ


2208 ϣ
֪öȪ֮ģԼԻȪ֮ĵĿǻô˭޷֤ŪãҵλһֱӲ涼ܱ
ԣԿ϶ᵱڳԼڻȪͼڻ˲ٻȪ֮ġ
ںԲϣҲе⡣ںڻȪͼڵõöȪ֮ģҲ˵ȥ
Ȫ֮ĵˣ̫ˡ
СӣڻȪڣӦ֪ûܾȵ㡣һȪߵ߸СǰȫֵһᡣڻȪԶͫˣֲܽȪߡںٴοڡ
ں˼ǣԵ
ҿԲɱ㣬뽫귨귨֮⣬ڻȪͼڵõĻȪ֮ġˣ˵ǰõһͻȪʯ㽫Щұں˸˵
ں˵ûʲôرı飬ɫŹ
ںʲôˣǵȻ֪
һаĴħͷ
ڶԾԣȻô˵ˣЩںԸ
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Եļ仰úںеɱҲںʲô귨ˣҪȽɱ˵
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ںԾԵѳˣÿֲϢ
ܣǶʩչҿһжסɣкںɱһ𣬻ġ˶ס
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Ӱ¥Ĺ֯үŵصսԼڶԱҲԿŷ档֯үһֵӣսüЩΪԵġ볿ŵȻϵûжô񣬵սȷʵ̫ϧ
ڿյ㡣
峤峤ˣô죿ں涯ˣҺϡٵ쳹ڴ֮ڡ
峤Զͫһۡ
峤ҡҡͷѶ˵ϣϼﾰҲûʲôôǺںʵѾˡ޵߶༸õġ
峤˵ģʵ
Щͷ仯ֻ˲Ϣ֮ˡ
ʱƬںĺѾƿԵ黯
Сֶ治٣յ黯һķᡣ黯̫һ㡣ںӺд
黯ֵ󣬺ںĺϢƺδ١
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׽֣һ˺ѶȥϷ߸С̫תԭɭĻ·¶һԿЩӴ⸽ʱ򣬱һƵɢ·Ǳ
ôᡭϣںٶȴһдŨŨľ


2209 ǿ
ֱʱںʶѾͨڤվڤվΪ
ڻ֮׾Ľ֮£ԿԸ֪ٶȽ͡ϲεľԣսȻտɱȡĻָӦֶȫλ
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ⰡȪͼ֮ǰڤվѣżȥѾ̤ڤվΡҲ˵϶ڻȪͼڵõ˻Ȫ֮ģôô̤Ͼ磿ں¡¡˴
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ΧңԶˣҲں
ںں˵Եľ֮ǰǲ֪ѾϲΡǿľǾԱںסǲ̫ʹõֶΣΪʩչںͷŵܽ֯һҲԲ̽ԵϢ
ںôһ˵ǲŶȻһ
Եѳˣ
⡭ô죿
ᣬ̤Ͼ硣ԵܻԺǰ;󰡣ﵽ𾳽磬°ɣ
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Сڤվʱս޵ģ¬ѹơ̤ϣʵжǿҿǸոմﵽεǿߣδܹܾСѰɣ
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ħӡɱںһķİ˳
ƺѾյĲˣͲһ㣬ˡںЦ
С֣ҹȻû˵յֶǲ٣ħӡɱְԵĿռ乥ϧֻ˴˷ǰĲ㣬δյ㡣ʩչĴħӡɱܸһЩ˺ڣ㻹˵㣡ں
飡
꣡
һϸ΢ɫȻһ䡣
ôħӡɱƬռ䣬羵Ӱ㿪ѣֻգʱ䣬ռͳ顣ںĺٶӿͿա
ں쳹ء
ƬĺΪģҪľɡ
УԺһ۵Ȼȥײ
ͬʱб׽ϱŷһ޴󽣹⣬ǰгܵһӰ죬ȻԡӴʱ޴Ľ


2210 
׾۵߸С̫ܵĺ
ʱ䣬֮ĽԵ棬ɫ·ҫŹиԸǿҲһɿֲɡ
ֱɳ⣬ԲסΡ
ǿ̫ǿˣ
ں϶ںڻĶ֮ǿ廯Ϊֱ޵һ㡣ΣﵽΣǾĿǲˡеɵۣҲĪκΡи̾
֮ǰԾҵ峤˵ɵ۶Ժں֣ܶΪںѾˣȴû뵽λȪ߿ںͻȻǿн롣
ҵĴħӡɱƥվûܳաʩչĴħӡɱǶԺںܶ༸ְաڹķжԸںĹЧ̫á԰ҡͷ
ȷʵΪǿǺںԻΪںӣԵĹͷӲ޻һЧ롣
׾ԸںЧܺã׾ֻϼķǷȱ
͵¾Ժںʱ̫ǿֶΡ
Էס壬ںӰҲӺٴ֣ݵžԡ
ţĿ΢΢һ
ںǰû𣬵ϢУԻǸо΢ı仯ںϢ֮ǰ΢һЩͷȺССʵڵġҲ˵žԶԺ֣úںһ˺ֻε˺ںںԸֵһᡣ
סˣСȻûˣ¬ɴһ˫۾ŵĿžԡ
Ϊںһ㲻ֱӸɵԣҲشԲŶԡ
֮ǰȪͼʱȪͼʱҲں𣬿ֻǺںķҲûɱ¬
ھ۷״̬ĺںȻӲסһûˣ
Եûˣ
̫ˣԵѵʵȻѾӽںħͷˡ˵ԵѸո̤ϲΣܹС𣿡˵
ڤվ޵˵Ǹ߲ʵġ޵֮䣬Խĺ蹵˵һںĹǱϾóǺںںںӲӵеʵ
ĴƾıͷֶΣҲ޷ȫ޵ߡ
Ρڷ죬Ҫ˵ڤվ޵߿ԿڤվǵвŶ˵ڤվҲһںѡ
ƺҪһˣǾǾ

𣡾Եס˺ںһסˣһı顣
֮ǰȲþںںУ󲿷ֵԭܻǹɴͻȪʯԴǴʱ峤뷨תˣþԻ
һո̤ϲε޵ߣں潻棬ǺεȵĿ£ˣҹϵ峤ã㾰ԲɻȪʯңҲǲС޵ߣֻҪϲλһʱ䣬Ǿ൱һĴڰ뾰ԹϵܣԺڷ춼Ӳ١
Զͫ˫ü
峤˵ҲˡԶͫҲʮ־ھԵʵ
ܻôԶͫƹܵ޵ߣ㾰ԲҪ԰æʲôģԻܾ᲻𣿺οϵ㲻оڣԶͫ൱ڶһǿ
Ȼ뾰
֮УԶͫԥȡѶ
ƴһԿɣ
ȪڵĺںԳΣԾԵסԼһ·Ҳû⡣׼һιʱоڵĴѶ
ƬأȻڰ֣ľͻȻ롣
ںȡѶЦ
Զͫ£ںֱӿڡ
ôѶѶֱɡںǿڴѯʡԶ¬˶
˵ʲô
ٺ١Ҫ֣ͣŹԣǷһ飿ںʼǳЦǺ˵ǷʱıҲˡ
Զͫ飬ǿɲܵõġǸǿߣŵʲôԵںԶͫ˵仰ʱҲǴһ
ԶͫʱΪ˾ȾԣȷʵǾˣ鶼ŵȥ
΢΢ݣȻܲµԶͫ𻨷ôԭ򣬵Ȼʮָм


2211 ֮
Զͫŵںˡ
δԥ̫ʱ䡣
Զͫȷʵǳ󣬵ǲܴӦԶͫŹԡҪеĻȪ֮ġ
ںдԵ޵ߣںںӾ޵ĻԵǣںں֮ľȴһֱϼԹܶ취޷һͻƾ硣
ʮ֮ǰżȻõһöȪ֮ģһöȪ֮ıʹùֻڲಿ֮󣬾ǷԼľȻķȻ󣬿ɱϾ޷Լжھûκνˡ
Ȫ֮ģϣ
֮ͷѼȪ֮ĵϢȪֶ֮ôѰҵġȪһ꿪һΣȪͼʮεĻȪ߿вŻһΣҲ˵ҪʮʱȪͼŻȪͼ޵ߣδܵõȪ֮ġοȪͼ޵ߵõ˻Ȫ֮ģôʮ겻ȥʹã
ںҲĻȪ֮ġ
ٺѼĴۣһڻȪ֮ĵϢϢҪݾ˵һλȪ߿֮УȪͼļʳ߳ɡڻȪͼڣпܵõȪ֮ġ
Ϊˣں޷˵ˣӲԶͫĴһ߼ߵ
һλȪͼһʮܴ꣬ӻȪͼڻööȪʯû뵽һλȪͼֻʱ䣬ֻջһöȪ֮ġһöȪ֮ģΣҪĻȪ֮ġ
ںں߾ϵĻȪ֮ģͿԼڵ;иһ𾳽硣ʱ𾳽ΪϺںӻսɵ۶ɱԼ
谭Լ;Сںܲɱ
Զͫ𣬱Ǹˣ޷Ӧ㡣ںҡͷܾԶͫ
ֻһû֮ǰİ
жںĴѶԶͫԡˣȻܾ¾ԡ
峤Ҳ޷˵ʲôǶۿ׶ԶͫںĶԻˡǺںҪɱԡ
СطܸԶͫһӷŹ㡣ȴǲˣȪ֮ģұõںϢᣬ֮ľԣͳ󣬽ŻΪںӣ˲ϢΧסԡ
סղһܴлСаɣں˷
Բ˿⣬СĵĽ䱸ܣȫת˼ޣȫ̿
ɭġѹֵġ˾Ϣǵϯ
һӺ֮Уһɫ֡
ǰһֵ̳ĺɾʯĻôһɫһɽ
ɫδԱҧݣĿźɫµΣС
֮
Ǻں֮
ΪɱԣںȻ֮ʹó
ˣеĺɫ۾գʵϣڳˣڴ֮ǰҲûۼں֮ǶǴӴ˵ġ
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ں£ֶڶࡣֶУľʹôٵ֮ΣǺڰ֡л˵ںһ㲻ᶯ֮Уۼʹ֮޵ҲҲ١
ڻȪڵ۾ֱڻȪ֮ս񡢹֯үȵˣҲͬı顣
սε޵ߣ֮ÿڸ⻹ǲֱӸ֮Ϣֻ۾ͨۿ
̫ˣ
Ǿǿ߲ӦеֶΣ
ǷˣԶͫͻ䡣
ˣ峤תĿԶͫ
ںˣΪɱԣȻ֮ߣһֶʹóм˺˵ʹù֮ԵеǼΣԵĶ޵ߡԶͫͳ
˻һƬ

С֮ܣԸġǺǣ֪˵նɱǿûСҿԸ㣬ȷʵնɱȻֻǽõ𣬵Ͼ𰡡Ǽһ֮֮¡ں뾰ԶС
ںһιûܴ˾Ժ֪ѰֶɱԺѣԵǳֲԣڶιֱӾͶ֮һٱʹõĹֶΡ
ɫ𽥱ףܵѹԽԽء
һɫٶȲ죬ȴ޴ɶ㡣


2212 һ
޿ɱܣ
ֻӲ
黯߶ռŤ죬ﵽڤվ黯ǿǣ黯ռδӴɫ㡮ꡯһֱ顣ɫתϢžѹȶ
ԵѾȫɫ·ҫɫӿѹþԵתЩͲ
ں̫ǿˣ
Ȼںϻ磬ҲָڤվΣǾԵĻϾûںںںϺΪһġ˵ʱںʵֱ뾰ڻˡ˵ںӿǲһ󣬵ڲӦֻĲûʵĲࡣ
ۣ
ɫ뾰ǧ׽ӽףԱ³һѪҺɫ·Ϊҫˡ
СҪˡ¬ǳõš
ɣɣǺǣ¥Ե³¬Цš
Ӱ¥ĿͺҲҡͷ뾰ǰһЩĦˣ֮ѹѪҲЩݡ
ڳŵصӦ˺ҵ飬Բض˵
ٸһЩʱ䣬Ҫֻ࣬ʮ꣬ӦþںںбˡԶͫȻ̾Ρ
ɫȻ
ʱϢѾڻȪ߸顣ڶҲ֪ںڻȪڷ˼սǿصķ棬ȴȽϸ˵˶⽻ս
ϾȻˡ޵ߵ˵Ͼ˵뾰ദʱĺܶݡɴʱ֪ΪΣЩʹ룬ķ
ڣԵѪҺӿ
֮ıƽԳܵѹԽԽ¡ʱĴվھԵλã¶ѾΪ촷ˡǾԣȻվţֱֳ׽ĿԽԽ֮
Ǵ߶ޡ黯ǳױ֮ݻ١
żӶһ⣬޼£֮ӴգۼʧֻҵĲȱ
ʱƺѾڱɵľأһеֶζ޷ֵ֮
ںӶԾ˵ɱһҲû˵ʵϣʱĺںҲܣʩչ֮Ҫ۵ġ֮ʱԽķѵԽࡣҲΪʲôӲʹ֮ԭ
һ壬ĵһ̶ȣͬΪĺںٿ֮Ҫѹɱԡ
ڣͻȻһŭ
ħӡɱǰȻһ⻷ƶһռĺȻ
մ󡣡壬ѵƶһ¡
Ǵħӡɱı˿ռԣôҪƶһġ֮ѹȣֲ̫ˡǵĲħӡɱҲֻܸıռʺ̵ܶʱ䣬ԾԲ̫ʱ䡣
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׾һȷʵȽԣƫһֶζ͸Ϣ׾ڻһа֮׾ķǾԽ׾ԺںҲ˵ıˡ
ƣԴһβĬĬ˻𣬶Ǻ
Ŀбâȫӿӳһ֮ϡ
ɹϣӲߡʧܣ򽫺֮֮ܿ¡
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һѷ죬ٿھǰ֡
ѷֱ֣һ룬ӰʧںڰֵķΧ֮ڡ
ţں΢΢㵡
ջǼȿֲ֮
һֱάźڰ֣һأȻһʱȷ˾ʧԼĺڰ֮ڡ
ˣ
ά֮أԶԺڰֵάַһЩΪһķɣþԵõôһᡣʹ֮ʱ򣬻иڰֵʩչôƲڰַġǿ֮±ɣά֮ļԾ΢һ㣬ȴû뵽ͳ˴⡣
ھʩչħӡɱʱû뵽Ҫߡֱڰֱһѷ죬ʶҪʲôʱֹԾѾˡ
ɶ񣡡ںŭɶ
ûϵûϵȪ߻ûرգſãкܶʱ䣬üҿ㣬ܲصʲôطȥںһǿԼ侲תɭӣ׷پԵϢ


2213 ֮Դ
ƿڰֵַɹڱ֮ɱ֮ǰ˳ȥúںŭɶںܿǿԼ侲ʼ׷پԵϢ
žںɱʱȻ㳤ֶμûκαɱں׷پԵϢⲻ¡˵ںˣڳ޵߶һ㡣
ûоԵϢǺںҪڻȪҪҵԿɾͲˡ
ˣ
Ȼƿڰֵ¬гЩʧĿǰ
Ϊˣ֮ɱ벻ͷԾȻƿ˺ڰֵķ˳ȥ
ʵϲôģڳ˲ȫΪˡԶͫˣҲû뵽Իӳȥû뵽֮ѹ֮£Իܱ˿ֲʵӲڰ˺һӡ
ԶͫˣھȺ㶼Щϲ
Զͫ¶Цݣֱܿ˵ȪȻڿ֮У޷ӳǣȻ޷ԶԿںڻȪڣںҵֻʱ⣬Ӧûò̫ʱ䡣
峤ɫҲΪ֮һ䡣
Զͫһ˵Ƕʱ׹
һξܹɹѣһأһξԱںҵƿڰֵķѳȥںں䱸£˵ûлƿڰֵķ
ڵգٴ
Ӱ¥¥гŵصˣҲⲻһۣõǲĽۡһξԽѣһǾûϣˡ

ƿڰ·õһʩչմٶս
ֻʹһմΪ֪ʹüΣעᱻں׷ٵġϢ޷ڸǡԼĻ磬ʩչ֮̽򣬵仯Ե֮ûôǿЧ
ৣԽǬռ䡣
Ǭɳ³Ǻʱ䣬ǬھԵĲٿס
ʱԲδֹͣٿǬ³³ٶѾȪߵĵ£޵̽飬ʱԿǬѶȶԶԶ硣
Լһǧ׺󣬾ԲٿǬ³Ѿǳˡһǧ׺󣬾ԵٿǬ³
ֻˣ
ںӶܹңֻܿ⡣ԿЦҡҡͷ
Ҳ֪ںҵԼֻʱϵ⡣뿪ȪߣΨһϣǶȡһЩʱ䣬ںںҵԼ֮ǰǿʵ
Բҵʱ䣬ȡ˵ҩָơǰԺں֮ѹʱ򣬾Եƿɲᡣ֮ܣȷʵֲ̫ˡ
˵ûкķ̫ʱ䣬ͬʱԻ˲ھʯһսĵָòࡣ
ô죿
Ǽ޷ͻˡ׾֮ϼͬ޷ܹģƺֻдħӡɱһ𼶷ҵǿԽɵƸһʹáɺɵҲֻϼķԸһ޵߻УԸǺں»ʹôԵ׾
ħӡɱȫƿأȷʵܶԺںһвǣʹûȪ֮ģҪڼʮʱմħӡɱҲûκοܡ
ҵ깥ҪͬǷǳѡ黯ǰ黯ŴﵽڤվΣҪݵϲΣǿ²깥ȡͻ̫ࡣ
׸ô죿ͷתԼյܽϴֶζһ飬ƺ߽һͬ
·ѡһֶַβ򣬶̫ںںҵԼ֮ǰԼӵںԿʵ
ʱ̫ˣ̾Ϣ
бȽ϶ʱ䣬Ҫֻ̫ʱ䣬аսħӡɱȫաԴħӡɱİԵں֮Կǲܡ㲻ܾԿ⣬ҲӦÿһƿڰֵķ
ѵ𣿡
һҪʧȥһȻбڻ硣µķȴǧˡҪ޵½ܸ𣬸ԶûᡣԿŻռԶˣһͻȪʯبڿҰ֮ϡ
̾һ֮󣬾Եʶ䡣
޵ߵļȫһġ
ʱĺȻ֮䣬һŷ̺ϢʱԺ
һɳɣصϢ̺Ų㷱Ϣݣ
֮Դ


2214 ʱ
֮Դ
ɵھԻ׾ĴУԽ֮ǰ׾ܿ飬ͬʱҲ֮ԴĴС
Ϊһм£ԵʱԵεľΪͲ֮ܳԴȫݣһҲһֱһѹʽھԵڡ
ھ̤ﾳڤվʱҲԹ⿪֮ԴûܳɹʱڻȪ̤ڤվΣ鿴ʱ֮ԴȻ⿪
ѹеļ֮Դһһ顣
֮ԴɵµǳԽ𼶷ĴڡʵϣóԽ˵֮ԴǿЩ̫ʡ뷨ȫΡ𼶵ķͲȽϡ
Īܣ
Խ֮Դһ飬϶һ˽⡣
֮Դ뾰ǰӴĸַζͬ
ǰյģǻĹСɵƵȣĴħӡɱ׾ȣһŷ޵ķҪһѭ򽥽ϵĽյ߲Ρ
˵ЩʵϿ˵һֶζѣǷֳΡÿһεԻܻһĲͬűȽϴĲ࣬ϿԹΪͬһСڵ͵似вͬʽԻ
֮Դһ̶͵似ѧطмơΪ֡һΪ幥ʽһ־Ⱥ幥ʽ
幥УһʽһΪ׹ҫڶΪŻΪ
Ⱥ幥ֻһУ
֮ԴϢгⵥ塢Ⱥ幥⣬һŲԵķ
ֱӻɵ۴У֮Դ¡
ôطȫı䡣
֮ǰԻôħӡɱ׾ǶһյġɻôУֱġ
Ҳ˵ֻҪԵ㹻Ļۣɵʩչ֮Դķʽ
ڰھǰѣʵԷ򡣶һǰĲʱաաԷȵձȽϾɶԵĵ漰ľͱȽϴֲˡ
ϾǾԣҲ޵ģܽеͬʱ򵽾ĳ̶ȡ
֮Դеķ԰ԸٵĲԵ
ټлȪʯȪ֮ģԲԵķӦò̫ѡڣ뾡ĲԷҪǺںҵ֮ǰܹʩչ׹ҫһС
ԵĵԺںӦżǿԵġͻһԣаһĵżǿĿֻҪʩչ׹ҫδؾûںһսʵܺںҲǲܡ
ô˵׹ҫǻʵʽԶͫǿߣûġ
²˳٣ʼԵûиѡ
ȡö֮ǰùĻʣ߳ЧõĻȪ֮ģٴͬʱתľʼԵڻȪ֮֮£ԲԷٶȷǳݡ
ر֮ϣ
ںѾ׷žԵϢҵ˾
Ȼˣ׷ϢҲܵģʱĺںһ⡣ǣֻȷλõĸ򣬶ܾ׼ҵλá
ȷһƬ򣬾ԾҵԣȷʵҪѺܶʱ䣬Ҫһÿһط
Сֿ϶ǲڵĳطںĿݵĹ⻪
ѾƬرһ̽һ飬ûз־ԵټʵϣҲ׾Բڵرĳֲɵӡ
ֻڵ£ҵļԲŻһЩܹӽϳʱ䡣
ܲģ࡭Ƕһʱ䡣
С֣һҵһ˺㡣
һΣҲӵƴȼոҲҪʬΡںҧݣɭɲ
ʼŵ̽롣
ڻȪߣ̽ѰѶ൱󡣼ǺںĴڣҲֱӲ̽һǧ֮¡ң̽鵽ڵĵһǧҲһӾͷ־ԡԲǬڣϢȫ䣬ǬαװɰںҪҵǬС
ںֻܿűһųҪʱѻˡ
ʱһĹȥںƺҲģڻȪһŲֻѰҾһ¡ÿƬ̽һ㽫̽Ĳȥ̽ϵһ㡣


2215 ׹ҫ
һꡢꡢʮꡭ
ǬڽԵںѰԡ
ʮʱȥںѾȥӽİ׵ĵرɰʯ㡣պںڵٶȣԼҪʮʱҵټ
ΪҵһɱȪ֮ģںġֻҪܻöһЩȪ֮ģϣͻƾӴ˿֮СƾԼںϵںӣֱɵҲнϴϣס

ʹˣںδҵԡȷһ̽ڻȪ߹ر֮ǰһҵԡ¬ʹ㱨
ţ֪ˡѰһȪʯʹӦ
¬ڻȪڵˣҲ᲻ʱעںĽȣ㱨ںѰҾԵĽȡ
ĿǰΪֹȪ߿ʱѾʮꡣȪÿһοʱҲһϡ˵ںкܶʱ䡣
ǴʱڻȪڵ޵ߣԶͫˣʵΪںܹڻȪ߹ر֮ǰҵԡ
һںҵҲڵˡ
ʮʱ䣬ָ
ڿٲԵ
ʱĺںѾرȥ߰ٶסںһƬ֮С
ʱڶʮ꣬ҲǾԷĵڶʮꡣ
ǬڵľԣĺȻ˫ĿǣһĨ΢Ц
ˣһöȪ֮ĵ꣬ڴԵ˵
˵һöʵҲö̺߳ĻȪ֮ġ
һܣһ׹֡ǿƻͻϢȶ
ڻȪ֮ĺͻȪʯĸ֮£˶ʮʱ䣬ʩչ׹ҫҪԷ˳ڵѾʩչ׹ҫ
֮Դ幥֮У׹ҫҲΪ׵һУʩչΪ򵥡
׹ҫԿһȡ
ǰռ䣬ʱһ׵ɫ׵磬ǰȥ
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ռڣܼݳ
Կ׵ĵطռֱڡµ׹⣬·ҪݻһСһ׵ǰκζƺ޷
ʱȥһںˡ
ڵĺںӦûѰҵİɣ룬׷Ŀ
ԲûдҪʱԵΪҪʩչڶŻҪ㹻Է򣬻ҪԷ̺һЩЩҪضԴϡԵϣûЩϡ
С֣صû
һǧˣȻûҵ֡ںά̽顣
ԵϢȻ̶ȷû뿪Ƭ뿪Ϣ΢ֱ仯ԣץסԡһڰȥԸѲ
ৣ
ԲٿǬ磬ȻϷСȣ³Ѷȼ󣬿ϷɳȴǷǳļ򵥡һգ۵ʱ䣬Ծ뿪ʯ㡣ȻҲںȥϷһǧ׵ĵرйأֻҪϷɳҾ뿪ʯ㡣
ţžԲٿǬɳںһʱͷӦ
Сزסˡ
ڰ֣ںʶģ㽫ڰʩչ
֮ڣӿԲ֮ڣڰ١
ǬڵľԣܸܵǬҵ
ಣֱӷɳǬ磬һϮ۵ľڿСںվǧ֮ĵط
ڰ֣
ǺڰֵϢ
ôᡭѵںѾҵ˾Ե𣿡ˣͬʱܵ˺ڰֵ
ȻɢѰһȪʯҲעںںߡںʩչڰֺǱ㶼ͬʱ˺ڰֵϢ
ಣ
޵ߣȫռ˲ƵںվԶԶĵطۿš
ȻǿһϮɫ۵ľԣںš
ǺǣںҵˡһΣôѣ¬Цһ̱㽫ѶȡͨʹͨѶҽĻ洫ݵȪ֮⡣
гŵصӦ죬ҲȡԴѶͬ顣
ԵѻǱںҵˡϧȪ߹ر֮ǰںҵֻҪ棬Զܱͫסˡ̾һ˵
С֣㲻ǺܲôͷڹˣҺⰡںЦžԣɭĿϴ
ʲôԵģ˶һ㶡


2216 ڣ
ǸӦڰϢϹʱѾںšǻΪǱںѳģںԣʶԼġ
ΪʲôҪԼ
ǺǣһǼں֣Բųİɣ¬Цһ˵
һΣǲӵˡ¬ࡣ
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Ҳ̽ϢǸ
СΪںѵҲӦһһǡ˵Ȫһ̾͹رء峤ҡͷ
ֽ̾ϢһĿһֱŷԻľ
ȪڣĿŶĺں鵭Ȼ
ոܹʩչ׹ҫ׹ҫҲֻһ˽⡣Ͼû׹ҫǿ߶Եй
ԲûʲôҪĵġ
ں֮䣬ʵϲʵҲʮǰһνսҪΪûǿķƺںкʵķʮǰһսУԶʧܡ׾ķҲ׾ںƴһʱ䡣
ںԳһȡ
Ҫɱ㣬ȷʵѡ֪⣬ЩҲɱ㡣ҪɱҡҲܡԵĮ˵
ֿһνҴⱻƿڰˣʱӦҵ֮֮¡ڣ㾹ȻҴԲѵ˵Ҫɱ㲻ܡںЦһ
ȻŶ̶̲ʮʱ䣬Ծĳͻơ
Կû̫ı仯
ʵԶԺںҲǳɱģںһһ֣βŭ֪ڵʵҪɱںȷʵ̫ܡ

Ҳȫϣ
Ҫ׹ҫˡ׹ҫȻֻ֮Դе幥һУΣҫҲЩɱȣұɵ۷֮ԴһС
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ֲ֣֮ٴγ⿪
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ħӡɱԼٶȽ⼸ֶʩչֵ֮ѹٶȡ
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֮뾰ԽԽԾɵѹҲԽԽǿʱľԣȫڵ΢΢ͣ궼·𱻶ᡣ
ٵȵȣаת
һʼмƻ׼ںһǺݵġ
ں֮ľ룬ԭԼǧӡʱ֮㴩ǧľ롣Ȼʹøֶһ̶Ͻ֮ٶȣֵܵſֲ֮ܵԼѹ
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վҪ֮ɱӦҡҡͷߵܶһۣ϶ſЦ
Щϧ˰ܹⷨ죬Ȼһϯ֮صġ㲻𣬽Ҳ㹻󲿷ƽƽˡԶͫĴڣҲСӰ¥Ŀ˵
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2217 
б׽΢΢һһʽ⸡֡
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¥İʹˣɫΪѿǼչֳʱ鼫ĸӡ


2218 ϵһ
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¬ɿǷóʲôʹһתʵ
Ҳɾǲʹķܹͷſķ
ʹˣӺں뾰Сұעûпóʹõģһ¬ܿӦ˵
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ٴһףǾյֶΣôԸԾˡ˵ʹ¥ϳܲʰҲѡ
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ʱ֮ͻȻӴ֮׹֮±ΪƬ󳹵׹֮С
Ե׹ҫû֮赲󣬱ǳֱ룬ȫں֮ϡ

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Ϊں֮Ҳû˸˵Լɱں
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ȻģҲûа취˵Ҫ뾰ƴǲӲˡ
һֱ뾰ɱȥпġںӷȻǿƥϱ׹ģҲһʱЩ׹⣬һһƬĺںӡ
ڿҪɱԣֻһܡǾƴģƴ޷ʩչ׹ⷨɱȥҪ˭ֵܼøá
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С֣ݣˣҺںӼˣںȻһôһݻ֮󣬱˱ܡ
ת˲䣬ĺʧԶˡ
Կźں뿪ûȥ׷ϡΪ֪ԼĿǰʵ㿿׹ҫҲɱں׹ҫʱ仹̫̣ԵҲǿʩչ׹ҫһƾڵʵɱںͲܡ
ܲԵҲҪ̫࣬ңҪɱںϣˡںںвԸͲġںҲǹ¼ҹˣʲôΪǿ޵ߡһںھͲ壬˵ԺˡǺںڶʱ̤Σκβ˾ԡ
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ˣһͨ棬ĿúںԻܣȻЩʵǿǺں棬εĺں
ˣ㿴ԵԼֶΣʵӦǷ޵ߵһ˰ɣ峤Զͫ


2219 в
Ծںһսչֳʱ˵Ƿ޵ߵһ˲֡ھ֮ǰںͱΪϵһˡ
ֶܹʩչǱ˵޵ߣ޵ҲΡԶͫ˵
ںɱ𣬾ܻܺںʵǳԽʵġǣԵֶܹʩչں֮ʩչҪȼôԵֶʩչǷҲҪأ
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2221 
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ܵԷСôõģյģڵһνֹУδʹô˷Īڶļʮʱɹģںɫá
ɶ񰡣
һνȪߣҸࡣȪͼȷʵˣҲ˳УֻõһöȪ֮ġһöȪ֮ģͲҿΡ
ںԻȪ֮ȷϲֹһöȪ֮ġǣ򲻹ԡ뵽ǿֲ׹⣬С֮ס׹⡣
׵繥Ŀ̫ǿˡԵͲˡ
С֣ŰɣҿΣһˣɱ㣬Ҿݣںȡöҩ̷
ҪˣȫָȻȪ߹رգܻܿԶ֣ͫҪ۷״̬ˣͬʱԶͫ;ԣǼǻںӣһΣա
ʱԣѰһȪʯȪʯ޴󣬲õȪʯԴơ
ѾָڤվΣټǾͲǻָ磬ͻƾˡڻ磬ҲڤվΣڻ类Ϊƺƿߡ
ԲڻȪںķʱȥħӡɱ̫˷ˡ뿪ȪߣħӡɱԼ黯
¥ķӦҲпǡ֪¥ܲϳһЩǿߵġΪԼʵԼ޵ΧɱҲܰѵյϵĳɾͣɲ黯͹иϣֱ𹥻һΡ
Ҫ֪ľָϲΣеҲܹȫӳˡ巨ȫֵ𹥻Ӧûʲô⡣

Ԫϴˣ
ʹһվڹһڣܲϳԪϹͨ
£Ԫѯʡ
ǰ͸ѶæϰԶͫ¥ܲڤվ۷޵߲־ȺμӻȪս
ʹԭеĲͷ
˵Ԫϴˣ˴λȪ߿ֻһ¬Ȫߡ
ߣʧˣԪһ
һλȪ߿ʹĵ¥ĸһΣֻһԪϵȻ⡣ܲٸ߲㶼ĳɼ
Ԫϴˣһȷʵʧˣû뵽ͻȻðһСӣȫҵļƻʵڿɺޣר¥ԡԪϴˣһ¡¬ˣʹ˵
˵ʲô䡣
¥ֻһ¬Ȫߣˣ
Ԫϴϸ˵˵ʹӿ٣龭Ƚϸһ顣
ܲϳԪϣ˵ںҲ˻ȪߣҲǶݡʶΪǺںɱ¬ɺ˵¬ھСǾԣȻںֱӽ֣һ˺ں
ЩѶϢԪҲš
󣬰ʹصĻ洫͸Ԫϡ
ԪϵȻ̹ۿػ棬ʩչ׹ҫ֮ͫȻŴ󣬺ס
⡭ѵɵ۵ġˡ


2222 ǣ
Ԫϴʱϵı飬һݣǾǾ
ǰһ̣Ԫ¶ĻǷŭ顣֪¬ڻȪڱɱеһͷǾ˭ڶͷ⾰Ըɱ¥ĳԱ뽫ɱ
ɵʹػͱסˡ
һλµϼһҲ¥֮һ¥ԪϵȻֻһԪУʸ֮һԪУ඼ǺŽ¥ġ
ǺںҲǻµ޵ߣԪϱںҲֻСһôãȻҲ֪ܶأԪϣںܾ֮ǰֹһμ߳޵ߡ
֪һ޵߲֪ء򣬵֪ĴڣЩ޵ȴ֪λĵߡȴ֪ĵɵ۱ˡ
Ȼ˥ܣ򶼺ܹ޵ˡǣȴϵһλǿޱȵɵ۴ˡǣɵۣȻ˿Ĵ⡣¥ڷǿƣǻԶԶ޷һλɵۣ˵ɵĴڡ
ɵۣдݻһʵĿɵۣǴʵǿɵ֮һ
Ԫڷڴãһۿںֻ档ɫ׹⣬ӡԺС
Ҳ֪˶ã³һ
ˣԪϵͳ
Ԫϴˣ⣬һӰ뷿䡣
֪ͨλԪϣ̵һҪ顣ԪϷԸ˵
ǣӦһת첽߳䡣
ԪڷڴƬ̣뿪䣬¥ܲ
֣
֣ʲôżҵȶй

ڣһλԪڳ¥ԪϲֹˣʱϳİֻλԪϡ
λȽϽҾͲ˵ϻˡ
λ֪ĵһȪʯĻȪߡԪ˵
Ȼ֪ǻȪߣ˭֪ȪߣԶܹͫϽڡ˵Ȫ߽ڿˣֻһһλԪϿ˵
ԪҲͷ
ԪµļʹһҲֱԪϡԣԪ϶԰¥Ҳ̫עһЩ顣ȪߵĽЩԪϿ϶ٹעһ¡
ڰֻõһȪ߽ڳԪҲЩģǵҲֱϾԪϵˡ⣬ҲȥԽ޴ҡ
һ¬ˣ˴νȪߵģ¬˼λԪһۣ˵
¬ʵ޵У¬ǶεġʵӦǱȰҲ̫ġȪߣӦǿסġһλԪϵͷ˵
¬εĳԱЩԪҲбȽӡġ¥ȻӴ޵ܶ࣬ɴﵽ¬εģǶٮٮˡڰĵ¥ڣ¬ǰ֮ǿˡ
¬ˣڻȪ֮ڣԪҡͷ
ʲô
¬ˣڻȪ֮ڣ
ô£Ȫڣûʲôմڵ𣿻ȪߵĻ¬޵߲вɣ
ѵ˺¬
˭ɱ¥ˣĻ쵰ɱˣλԪ϶¶ŭɫ
ڻȪɱ¬ǾǴ¥ˡ
ȱźɱǺںҲڸ߼Ȫ֮ڡתĿ˵
λԪں֣ɫ΢΢һ䡣ںֻϲΣ̫ˣЩ𣬶ûκΰܹɱں
ںȻҲ˻Ȫߣѵ¬ںںУںҪɱ¬Ȼʲô¡
Ǻںɱ¬¥Ҳưոݡں¥ҲҪúںصĴۡϢΪ¥ܺ۸ˣ
¬Ǳںɱ
صĻ棬ȿ¬ɱĻ棬кںһ޵ֻ߽档һ֡
ڣʱһλԪϿһˡǿںһ޵߽֣ȴˡ⻹ؼģؼǿ޵ʹõֶΡ
Ҳ¬޵С
ڣһᶼû˿˵
ˡ˭ʹõֶΣô˸оģһλԪ϶˶Ƥ


2223 ߹ر
ڷ죬ԷҲҵһЩǿ⡣
ʩչֶΣںԶˣⱾעˡ
죬ԷȻ
˳ǳ򡣡
˿Ͳʲô
ҲϾ磬ȴܻ˺ںһ޵߰
λԪ϶ӡ
˽оԣʩչֶΣûӦ֮ԴеԪϳ˵
֮Դ
ܰɣ
˥֮ǰ֮Դ֮ҲǼ١֮Դɵ۵ֶΰ
ԣǿ򣬼𼶷Ҳûôں֮ҺǶ֪ܹ֮֮Ȼʱȷʵ֮Դе
¥ԪϣͬѰǵļʶܱԶͫҪ㲩
˾ʲôݱԪϵ
ʱԪѾ֪ΪԪҪǽйˡ죬һλʩչ֮Դ޵ߣͬСɡ
ڻʲôݣضϵ˵
򡭡˥ã޵춼ѼˡһλԪϵ
ô˥ܣǶýԡ¥ǵˡλɵ۴ˣǱƢȻλɵ۴˺ܾúܾò¶˭Ҳ޷֤λѾ䡣
Ԫ˵û
ֻǡƺλоԵ޵ߡ
ҿǵ취޲һ¡
ȷʵ޲ϵңоԵ޵ܹ˺ں¥ҪԸҲøܴĴۡ
⼸λԪϵͳһǶŶԾӲġȻ˵ɱ¬ھԿܻĿݣС¾Ͳֵһˡ
ţҽԳ棬ȥһλԵѡȻǶû飬¾ôˡ

Ȫߡ
ԴӺںˣ¬ɱ󣬾һѰȪʯ
ʱһȥ
ǺˣڽʱҲֻҵһЩɢĻȪʯδٷֻȪʯЩɢĻȪʯ󲿷Ҳǵ͵ȻȪʯ
ջҲõҵö߼ȪʯһһöȪʯҲ
ٶȹʮ󣬻Ȫһɲɣ֡ԵˣԽı˳ȥȪ֮ʧһλȪ߿ʱ߹رˡ
ڻȪ߹ر֮ǰ˱㶼֪˴ӻȪ֮ӿĲɣԶͫǣҲ֪Ȫ߼رգǶ߳ὨǴСȻȪ֮š
һӰӻȪ֮ڴͳ
ӴĻȪ֮ڣһа˵ӰͳСȪ֮ڴͳ޵Ƚ϶࣬ǼϾ¡Ͼ£ﾳ۷޵߽ͼȪߡ
ںߣԶͫĿһӰһȣǷǺɫӰ
ɫӰԶͫЦһ㻯ΪһƬԶȥ
Զ֪ͫңֺαضһأں
¡¡ԶͫӿĹһƬ
ȴ룬Զͫȷʵºں
С֣֮ûꡣ㡭Ϸţںʧ֮ǰյٶȴ
ںвЦںӣԺҡһңûôˡ
⻰ɲǿտڰ׻
ȴħӡɱյ㣬ºںİսࡣʩչ֮Դе幥ڶŻնɱںİվ͸ˡֻߣ깥бȽϴͻƣҲԺںɸв
ȻˣڵľԣȷʵɱںԶ֣ͫҲû𡣺ں壬̫±Χൽһ̶ȣܽںΧɱ
Զͫ׷Ƭ̣ηءԶͫʵҲ֪Լ޷֣ȥ׷ɱںҪҲӸ˿ġô˵ںһζӲжһ߼ȪߵǶơ
Եѣ
ϲԵѡ
ԵڻȪڴܺں龰Ƕˡ
峤ȡŵսǣԽǰЦԹءӰ¥Ĺ֯үҲһЦݣǳСĴ䣬Ҳ¥İʹһ


2224 ֻȪʯ
ҡŵԼӰ¥ڱλȪ߿ջ񶼻㲻Ӱ¥õ˰СͻȪʯҲ˵ջҲɵõеɻȪʯջ񡣳ŵصջһЩսǻˣŵؽȪߵջ񲻹սҲΪ˾ᡣ
Ĵֻ¥աûκλȪʯȪߵ¬ԸŪˡʹʱһ˫ɭ۾ݺݶžԣв֪Զٴˡ
ԶȵһһĻ
ԣߣǻط˵Զͫ𷵻غ˵
áӦ
Ȫ߹رգҲʱַֻȪʯˡ
峤ҲһԶֶͫ峤
úã峤üЦտ
ԶͫƺʲôתĿȺеϾϾһֱľԣӦöԾкܶ໰˵Ҳһ
ϾҲǺֱˬԸ񣬷뵽ʻֻǰȵ˶ΧžԣݱϾȵ˲һЩ
ԶͫĻϾʱ˳
ģ
ǰû峤սй֯үǾԿúܡ
У¥¬ȷʵûдӻȪ߳
޷󣬾ԾȻܻܺںڻȪߣڤվϲΣ
Сš
ǲĴ䣬ͨڻȪԼԱػ棬֮ǰǶٶһЩԡֻЩԶ̫棬ǲţ˵ǲȫš
ڼĴԾ̬ȣټ¬ȷʵûܴӻȪ߳˰˷֡
ϵһǿ˰ɣһλꡣ
ţں֣޵ߣﻹҳȣڷ죬Ҳڤվġһλҡҡͷһпӡ
ϾҲմˡ
ǰԶͫϾȥһ˵ˡ
֪Ҳ뾰Զ׽׽̤֮ǰ̾Ϣϧ˵
ǺǣֻԷˣҲ¥̬ȡûղŰʹһҪ˵ı𣿡Цһ
˵Ҳǣɱ¬¥ưոݣ԰ʹ˵ʵԲǾԶ֡¥򼶵ʹʹѶܲ¥ܲǱߣضǿ߹»һλʱԶͫҲѰﾰ԰ɡ
ưɣкϷġ
ʮλҲ൱һ˼ʾԵļ뿴Ա¥ѵ

Զͫס
Զͫ𡢾ԡ峤Ͼĸ
ԣǡںĶ֣ںʲôˣϾ磬ڷ˭潫ڤվ޵ߣԶͫ𿪿ڣž˵
ǺǣһսԵѵҪ鷨ˡ峤Ц˵
ЦԴ˵Ҳ˵ʲô
ԣڻȪĻ˺ںϾžԡ
ʱ䣬Ͼȷʵܵľԡ
Ҳ˵ǻܰɣڵʵɱ˺ںںߣҪҲǾûлɱҡԻӦϾ
ں־Һ峤ˡںУˡԶͫҡͷ˵ȥֻԽԽءߣпɱ
Ǿǣ峤ͷ
ҡͷת˵ڻȪڣջ㲻õ˲ٻȪʯˡ峤ȷһ»Ȫʯ
ԼҪֳɻȪʯ峤ٷɸˡǻȪʯҲδǰɣҾͰձиɣԿˡ
Զͫ峤ҪȽɣֲĻȪʯҲᷴԡ
Ͱ˵İɣԶͫڰֵ
峤ȻҲû
̬ȣʾԼžԡ뾰ԱֳʵأԻǸڤվε޵ߣԶͫ峤϶ҪͬȫȻٷ֡
ȽͻȪʯһȻڴĵϡ
ͻȪʯܴ󣬲ͬǳܹʢһͻȪʯ
ͿԶͫ۾΢΢һ峤ͶҪѿˡֵֻܹɣҲҳԵˡδƾɿʵһԾ峤ЩҵͬһˣȻԶò˶Ȫʯ
ȡ׽ӿֱۻӶâնһ֮£Ǳնȫǰտֳɵķ


2225 ħ
Զͫ峤ȡɡ
ԽͿ²ֽСͿɢȪʯȡСͿǴ¬ϻãֻһ롣ǰзָϣɢĻȪʯҲֳĳɳȻɢĻȪʯֵܷôϸϲ࣬Զͫ峤Ҳ̫档
ڻȪͼڵĻȪ֮ģû˵Զͫ峤ˣҲûȪ֮ġʵǺԽȪͼ϶˻Ȫ֮ģǲ֪ǣԾõ˶ٻȪ֮ġ
ûҲûҪǻȪ֮ˡȪ֮ĵȻǺöȪʯȫȪ֮ȡԶͫȣҲҪȪ֮ģ˶ղûȪ֮ġ
ҲΪ㹻ʵ
ڤվΣԶͫضѯʻȪͼԼȪ֮ġ峤Ҳ׷Ȫ֮ġ
ǺǣȪ߿ôΣһҵõĻȪʯӦġԶͫЦ˵
ڻȪڷִͿļʣʵ̫ˡ
ңռˡ峤ʮֿġ
ԵѣˣһҪ͡峤뾰ǰͣΪ˹뾰ԵĹϵ
ʱһȥ߶šЦ˵
ԣڻȪɱ¬¥²޶ԵġԴˣӦ֮𣿡Զͫ˵
¥̫ǿʢԶͫ޷Կ
¥ܲϳһԪϣԶͫΪԵһʱߡ¥Ԫϳλʹˡ
ԤơȻ𾳽磬һ뿪ǼҲδסҡ˵дš
˾ͺáԶͫ˵ͷ
ԣһҪ̸һ̸Զͫ𻰷һת֮ǰҼʩչ깥ֶΣƺû귨깥ƺֻƾԼͷŵЧǺܺáҲ£Ӧδջɣ
⻰ʱһ
깥ȷʵû·籩УǺܴǳáԸһЩʵϵ޵ȻǶԸЩʵ׺ǿ޵ߣ깥ͲҪЧˡ
кʵĻԾԼܸں
ĿƵĿԶͫ
˵ûȷʵ귨˵
ʩչ깥֮ͣǰһδ귨ǡԶͫ̾
֮ǰͿԵ깥ֲڣʱ׿˵귨ֵĳԾԱߵ峤Ҳһ𾪵ı顣
귨ϡУ귨޵ͬ
ԣõ귨ǰʳһԡһĻȪʯнϴỻ߼귨ġԶͫ˵
ʳǣԲ˵С
ԣʳǣеĽߣһλǿĻޣ䲻ɵۼȴҲǳӽˡһ޵ߣҪʳǲܵġԵɺϣһöħħܹҵʳǵ·Զͫ˵ţһжһöɫķ·ӡһ
Բ룬ӦþԶͫ˵ħ
ʳǣ
Ǵ˵еĳа
˵޵ܹʳǣȻһħ峤һ̾ı飬۾Ҳħ
ʳڷ죬ȷʵӽ˵
ʳǵ޵ߣëǡ˵˽ʳǣǴʳǳĻ޶ȵĺ峤Ҳֻ˵һЩطֹʳǻ޵ټҲδˡ
ħǾдɫʡ峤Ҳǵһۼħ˵ħʳǵ޵ߣ㲻Ҳܵõĺô˵ʳܹ򵽻һֿͷų깥ķֵԺ
Լ޷ģҪħҲ˷ˡڣұ㽫ħ͸㡣Զͫħݵǰ
Ȼһ˵ʳԼħ峤ı˵ĻҲܲ³ħ
°ɣ˵̫ࡣԣԭǴ㽫߰µġܺںҾףСݲ㡣ֻϣﵽ߲ΣܹǵԶͫˡԶͫЦ˵
ˣлˡԽӹħ
ȷʵ귨ûл覵壬ȴǲܽķӳ


2226 Ԫϵִ
깥ֶΣίʵֶȵġջֱ
ԶԼĶΪǱȽ׼ȷģȻ˵ʵսԱܶ𾳽޵ߡҲԼĿǰԶ޷Щȡ򣬶ǻ磬ǱȻ߼磬ܵɵ۵硣Щ磬򼸺ɵ۴硣ڻ磬Ҳǵͷˡ
ֻ㹻ǿֶ㹻࣬ԼӲ
Զͫ峤ǶԼΪԼʵǿһ̶ԼͨڤվΣԶͫ
ǻ磬򣬹վǿʳҲϵ編򡣱ɵۣҲ޷ı䡣򡢻΢Сĵ͵磬Դм޵ģ޵ߡȴ޵ġҪ޵ԴȻ͵ÿԼı¡
ԣĴǣԶͫħʵ
ϾϾǾסһʱ䣬׼׵ȥʳһ˵
ţȷʵҪ׼׵ʳǴڻԵҲΣաޣһȺ쳣صĴڣȥʳǣҲҪСǡԶͫ
סԵͷ

ʹڹ
ţԪϴˣóѶ鿴¶ϲɫ
Ȫ߹رʱ̴ѶԪ¡
ԪϣҲܿ죬̶յʱ䣬ѾȪ߸
ߣǶңһӭԪϴˡʹһȺ˵
ǣ˶Ӧ
󣬰һȺ뿪˹档
¥ȥģ
ע⿴¥Щƺòһˡ
ǣʹɫǰȫͬ
ѵҪ뿪ˣ
¥˴ûлκλȪʯҲͲҪɵĻȪʯˡǿȥƺҪ뿪Ҫ뿪ҲԶͫһкɣϾʹĵ¥ԶͫĹϽ֮ڡ
ڸ޵߿һȺ뿪š
ǺǡǾͱϹˡЦ˵
֪¥Ҫʲôһ˿һۡ
ⲻ𣿿϶¥ܲдＴִʹǲȥӭӶѡЦһ
ǣ¥ܲĴļˡ֪˶ˣԾ֣ǲֻһλԪϡ
֪˻оôӦ¥Ԫϣ
˶쳤˲ӵ¥ܲԪϵִ
ղԶʹһȺˣܿͿӰ١
ӰеһˣԪϡ
ԪϣԪϣʹˣæǰ
λԪϴˣʹһȺˣҲ
ЩУܴ󲿷ֶλԪϱˡ
ڳˣǵ¥ĸ߲ˣ¥ܲԪϣȻܼġʵϣǰʹҲлܼܲԪϣһҲϵԪλֱ쵼
ض񡣡һֵԶͫɻڴ˵أ
ԪϴˣԶͫδ뿪Ȫ߸ոչرգЩ˵ĻȪʯδϽ
ҵҪϽɻȪʯЩͬҪֻȪʯԶͫ
ţǾͺáǡȥԶͫ𣡡Ԫϵ˵ͷ
ԪϺԪ˷ǰǸں
ϣֳЦ
¥ܲԪˣǾԵҲ͵ˡ
СӣܻôQߣɱ¥ĳԱ֪ĶͽǻȪʯܻлȪ֮ģ¥ʹתͷ
͵ȾԱɱˡ
Զͫ𹬵ڡ
пˣԶͫüĿ΢΢һ¶һĨ֮ɫ
ĵǹ죬Ȫ߹رղյʱ䣬ǾˡȷʵļԶͫ򣬻ﲢܿ
Զͫ仰֪Զͫ˵Ӧþ¥ܲˣǵԪϼﵽˡ
ԣһ涯ˣ㾡ܵ뿪˵ԶͫĿһת˵
ţ֪ôԵͷ
ԴʱѹҲǱȽϴġʵ¥ܲԪϣԶͫ¶ÿԴ
Զͫڣ
ʱһݽ
ˣԶͫžԼˣ˵
ԶͫŹȥˣԶͫһ߳


2227 ɵ
ճţԱ㿴ǰվˣһ˳룬һ˺濴ҪһЩǰʹһȺˡ
ԪϡԪλݹ٣ʧԶӭˡˡԶͫ˹Ц˵
ԶͫˣǶ˲ԶͫҪ֡ԪЦ˵
λ¥ԪϣԶ̬ͫͬǱȽϿ
ԶͫΪϽһƬɲǵϸ˵ԶͫҲǷˡֻԶͫ뷨ĹϵߵĹϵǺ
ʵԶͫϾЩĹϵҲÿһϽһƬԼϽȨͬǺܴġԶͫһҲԼϽ
ңǻϼԶͫ𡣷Ҳɵۣͬ𾳽硣
ȻˣΪһʵ޵еȻ˵ġλӵ޵߿ɲ٣ܱסλӣû㹻ǿʵȻܡ
ΪԶͫǵģڵĻȪܿƵס¥пܶռȪߵ˼ÿһλȪ߿ҪȥἸԼռʹ죿
ϵ۸ӣǣάһ԰ȵˮƽϡƽ⣬Ϳս˭˵Ǻ¡¥ںܶҲôɾôɵġ
¥λԪϡ
ǰԪϺԪϡԪʵɲ⣬Ԫ¥ҲǵλΪԪ֮һ
λԪϳ֣ԶͫҲס
ԶͫҲ¥˺ɣ

ڽԶһЩطĿⶼԶͫסǰƬǴţһλ¥ԪϿܻԾԳ֣Ҳ֪ܷ񵲵ס
Ԫϴˣ˾ǾԣڻȪɱ¬¬İʹǰԪ˵
ָ֣վԶͫߵľһۡ
ԪϿ˵ԶͫιһԶͫλѣԵѡ
Եѣ
ʹ΢΢һ㶡
ʲô˼ƺΪԵѣԪϣȻ˳ƺԣ
Ȼ԰
ʹü˿һȺˣµȺˣһҲ״
еģɲǰˡԶͫ;ԼԪ仰Щ
¥Ԫϲ˵ô̬˿ѵǴ㣬᲻ǡʲôǲӦٶֶԸңͷת
λԪϣλǾϵܡϵܣҸһ£λ¥ԪϣλԪϡԶͫ΢һº󣬱㿪ڸ˫һ¡
ڷоͿԵᣬڼˣоԵѱеĻҪᡣͣӵлǺںӵʵ޷󡣡ԪžԣЦ˵
ԪˣҲһЩˡЩȷλ¥ԪϵҪʲôԾƶӦ˵
Եǫ鰡Ԫ˵
ЦЦλԪ˵ң֪Ƿ£
ʳ仰Ҳ̽¥Ԫϡ
Ҫ飬ιҪҪԾԵѱǸ⡣ǰ뾰ԵһЩᣬѶ˵£Ҿ޷ˡԣԪר̹Եѱ¥Ǹ⡣ҲϣԵѣܹԭ°֮ǰʧ񡣡Ԫǳ
ڱǸ⣬ֵġȻⷬҲΪ˲֪̬Ⱥ棬ͬʱܵά¥ϡ
Ԫ˵仰ʱȫ˶Щɵˡ
˵¥λԪпɵⷬ˵ȻͲ̫ˡΪλԪԾԶ֣ǾûбҪǸ
Ԫϴˣ⡭ӣһֱԪϹŪԣȴû뵽ԪˣǸġ
ԵѵǸԪֱӴ˰Ļȵ
ʹɫǺ죬ԵǸк޲ý԰ƤݣǸ¥һοǱԸ˰
ɵ㶿Ԫϡ
ˣûԪϵĻԪϺǳߣȡþԵѵԭ£ǲԵݲ㣬¥Ҳ㲻ã


2228 Һ
Ԫ϶԰˵ⷬʱĿЩ֮ɫԪϵˣ֮ǰԪϵԪѾԪϴɹʶһΪΪ˴룬Ҫʱǿʹġ
֮ǰҰеԭ¡ʹ˸߰ͷ­
Կ˿ֿλ¥Ԫϡ
췢飬ȷʵԵЩ졣Ҳ㲻¥ԪΪζԼ˿Լ޵ߵսҲ¥˰ɣ¥ԪϣԶ̬ͫҲǴżָ߰
Զ԰˰֡
԰ԿûӡлᣬҲĸɵ¥̬֣ûŪ¥֮ǰԾûǰΪá
Ŀǰ˵޷ս¥
лæٴγ
иоޱȵ裬Ѿоλϵ̬ȡʲôʱԼӦõͷȻҲ֪ԪΪζԾ˿ԺܿͰλԪϵҪˡ
Ҳٴ¶Цݡ
Զͫ𣬾Եѡǡȥ˵ΣԪЦŵ
Ұʲô£λԪϿ롣ԶͫһЦ˵
šԪ϶԰
һȺˣԶͫסĹڡ
¡
˵ԵѴ˴ڻȪջǳ񣬻Ȫͼžԡ
۾΢΢˵νȪߣõһͻȪʯ
ֻ˵õһͻȪʯû˵ڻȪͼԼȪ֮ĵϢ
ԵǧҪᣬȪʯȷʵǺö¥ҲϡȪʯԵѱ˵ڻȪڵõһͿǵõʮ¥Ҳбͷ
¬ȻھԵУյǸҡԪϻԪϣΪ¬¥ĳ衣ûڻȪھԵУ¥ڲҲŹ

Ԫһ˵˲ٻﻰҪ˼˵¥쾰ڻȪڵջ
ЩУҲûٶȪ֮ġ
ϾھߣҲ뾰Խ¥ԪϺ«﾿ʲôҩҲһЩ²⣬ϾҲûʲôͷ
Զͫͬһͷˮ
֮ǰѾô㣬Ҫʱϧ֣ҲҪΪԴѵĻᡣ뵽¥λԪϵȻ
һȺˣȫۼһۡ¥λԪϵΪȫе鷢չһѾǶ¥һӰ졣Ϣ֮Ǻܶ˻˵¥˾ԡ
ԵѣڻȪڻܺںʱʩչһֶΡûпӦ֮ԴɣԪͻȻڣĿⶢž˵仰
΢΢һ
仰Ȼʶʲô
¥λԪûʦԼǸ⣬¾ΪԼʩչ׹ҫһ¥Ǳߣϳ׹ҫң۳ϣֱӵ֮Դ
пתܿЦ˵Ԫϼʶ㲩Ȼϳ׹ҫ
ԵĻشԪϺԪѸٶһۡУٴһ¡
Ȼ
Ȼ֮Դе
ԣɵ۵Ĵɵ۵ĴѰ޵߿ġΪǿʢʱڣе޵ߣжܹɵ۵֮Դ
Եѣðһ䣬֪ɵ۴ˣʲôϵԪȻһֿžʵ
ɵ졣Щ޵ߣ᲻֪ɵ۵ɵѾܾúܾò
ʱľԣѾȻʡʶ¥µĲԼɵۡ
һ󣬾Ҳķ
λԪϼȻ֪ҲͲˡʵɵҵʦ𡣡Ц˵
ƤˣʵȻõɵ۵Ĵ֮Դɵ۵涼ûɵ۵ͽܣȻһ̶ϣԵҲԳɵΪʦϾ֮ԴСңֻҪԷȷ㣬Ϳֱʩչ֮Դκ
ԪУȻ
ҺãҺΪûж⾰Զ֡ǺܿΪ¥֮֡ԪϴԪϡ
ǰҿǹֻǣ֪⾰˵ĻǷȫţԪϴ


2229 η֮
۶ˣȻҲžԡ˵ʲôʲôǲܣ
ǣʩչ׹ҫһҲ϶Ǿ׹ҫ
׹ҫʵԪ
ţɵĻšֻǣɵΪ˥أɵһֵ˥ܣɵѵ޶ԣ
ɵ۴˵뷨˭ŪأΪһЩǲ֪أǣɵֻ֡ߣ˥ܱɵ۵ļƻٶһЩϢ
תԾԿڵԵѣðһ䣬ɵںδɵ겻ˣѵɵ۴뿪򣿡
ԪϣΪˡʦɵҪʲôܹʵģʦ𼸰ûδءֻû̫˷֡
λԪϣǾͲҪ̸ҵʦˣ˼Ҳ̫ϲڱԼ˵
ȻȻ۶Ц
һһֱû˵Զͫͬƽ¥뾰ԵĶԻ֪ڻȪʹõֶΣȻɵ۵Ĵ֮ǰȻʶʹõֶηͬһ㣬ҲֻǾǿѡ
Զͫ𣬵Ǳ˸žԵĻΪԵǳأͺƾճһ㡣޷̽鵽Ե
λ¥Ԫϣ뾰Ҳûн̸̫ʱ䣬ǲ뾰ϵǿԶ¥һЩܡԪϣ֪ʵ䷴ĵǴһʱ
̸һᣬ˱ԺԶͫǡ
ԣɵ۵ĵӣ뿪Ͼ̲ס˳
ţʵԭ˵ġֻΪ¥£λԪȻҲΪҵԲŻ̬ȡû취Ҳֻ˵Լˡȷʵɵ۵ĵӣҲ֮ԴСԶϾ˵ͷ
ǡԶͫĿƿžԡ
ǰ޵ߣȻɵ۵ĵӣǿ¡

ԪϴˣǾԡ
һߣվԪߣ벻ͨ
ǾԲ¥ǵĴڣıǳֲ¥ɱһ죬¥ΪҽԪɨ˰һۡ
ֻˣţʱ˵ºࡣ
仰ȻºͣȴҲŵòᡣ
һ죬¥Ϊҽ
̫ˣ
¥ǿ򼶵
ǷˣҲܴݻ¥
ԪϴˣԵʲô˰ع
ʵģ㲻Ҫʡʲô㲻Ҫֻ֪ҪסԺԲҲȲ㡣ܲĸ߲УѾж㲻һΣȷʵ㴳˴ȥǾԣҶסˡԪϵͳ˵
ǣǣҿ϶϶ȥҾԵ鷳
ԪϴˣҾ鷳ҲܰںܻܣôκǿЦ
ţ׾ͺáԪϵ˵ͷ

ǣҡӰ¥ͳŵأ㱾λȪ߿ջ񣬶󽫸ϽǷݽԶͫ
ϾɻȪʯԶͫ󣬱뾰ԣﾳ۷޵뿪˻Ȫ߷Ͼǡ
ֱ뿪Щǲȷ¥ǶԾԷˡ
ҲˣӰ¥ԾԵݱ˸Ļɡһ¥ΪȷʵǷ¥Ȼҵܶ齲ơǾɱ¥ǱȽҪĳԱ¬¥Ǹֵ˼ˡ¥ӡ
ү˵ǾԵʲôͷӰ¥ڲʹ֯ү⡣
¥ôģǾȻȫƽϾɱ¬һλȪ߿¥ûеõκλȪʯȥһ¬ǣȫӣǹŹ֡Ҳ˵
⾰ʲôͷҲȻ¥ͷڹ꣬¥ˣġѾõϢԻϾϾǴһʱ䣬ǶೢӴ£ǡ޷£ҲΪС֯ү֣ص
Ӱ¥רŸ鱨ɱģҲ鲻Եټ¥ԾԵ̬ȣù֯үĲη֮ġ


2230 黯
Ӱ¥ʵ¥ܶ࣬¥ԾԶֻίȫ֯ү᲻еΣҲ쵼Ӱ¥ô
֯ү׿ڴȻΥ档
ϾǣϾۡ
ԵѣסöԡʲôҪֱңɲҪҿϾ;ԻصϾǣþԼסԼĸۡ
лϾԹЦŵл
ǰʳǲüһһϦͨԶͫ˽⵽ʳǵһЩϢеĳизǳŨɫʣҪʳǻñȽϸ߼ĻҲ̫˳ԾԾԼʵǿһЩǻø߼İվͻһЩ
ʹûȪʯһǻȪʯ¶Ҳȷʳǵ˻᲻ᶯ˼ϾԶͫʳǵ˽ҲһЩԡԶͫˣδȥʳǡ
һʱ䣬ԱסϾĸۡ
Ͼۡݵ黯˴λȪ֮УѾ黯ݵڤվ
еĻȪʯͳԴĽ黯ݵϼ
֮黯ֶΣҲΪϾǡ֪Ͼ𾳽磬黯ԶϾγɺܴİ֮ǰԸϾ黯ﾳΡȻѾ黯ݵڤվΣԾûЩͶˡ
黯ӰɴĸҲݡƾȪʯĸ˷ȥѲסԡ
ݹҲһЩϰЩϰ޷ģֻҪķѶһЩʱǡ
һꡢʮꡢꡢǧꡭ
ǧʱȥԵ黯ԽԽӽϼ
ܽ黯յϼǾҲٴδȵ黯ֿƹܵķҲǷǳġϾ֮ǰжûеõ黯黯á
ơ
Ȫ߹رգתѾһʱ䡣
һ죬Ͼۡһڡ
ɫɫ˫Ͼ̾Ϣһ˫ĿĿдΡ
ʧˡ
һλȪ߿ͼȪߵﾳջ㲻еȵĻȪʯȥԶͫҲʣʮööеȻȪʯٽ黯ȻͻʧܡϾᡣ
ӻȪ߻Ͼþͱչس̾硣Ѿڤվ۷壬ȥĺܳһʱҲܶ𾳽磬Զʧˡ
Ҫ̤֮Ѷȷʵ̫ˡ
ӳŵءҵͿɶԱȿ𾳽Ѷȡͱң֮УҲһλ𾳽ǿߣλҵ档
ԶͫϽڣ۷޵ʵ٣˵Щ۷塣һЩˣ˶֪꣬кںͬȻϲΡ
ϾЦҡҡͷվܿʰʧ顣
Ȼÿһγͻƣ̲סıϣͻʧܺҲܺܿʧӰ߳Ϊͻ֮ǰҲͻʧܵ׼Щ۷޵ߣ˭ûһδγʧأ
ͻƳɹģϾСʡ
ֻЩ۰װ׺ķöеȻȪʯ
Ͼ뿪ҡ
ԵʱңϾѯʸܹۡܡ
ˣչغҲ뿪ס֮ƺҲڱչܹܻӦϾ
ţԵѱչмǲǰšϾ
ڱչ֮ǰͶۡˣҪȥžԣԳʲôҪȫǡ
סܹӦ
ȷʵڱչУѾҪľ黯ϳһʱ䡣黯ԽԽӽϼǲһ㡣˶ζʧܺ󣬾Աı˼·ʼ󲿷־ڲյϡ
黯յһΪԼյԼ黯ҲалȪʯĸԲյҲܿ죬յϵԾͺǿ
ǧյٴ黯
ϣµͻơ˿
Ӱɴ鼫䷱ӵ·
ţ
ط֮ǰƺע⵽·ϡ
ˡ
һ㣬֮ǰҲˡǰֻط·תȶ٣ȴû֪еԵɡڣ֪ˡǱ˫Ŀ¶Ц⡣


2231 ݳɹ
ݲĴ죬Ѷ׵öࡣ黯ݳ黯ʵѾڵģֻûѾڵķҪͨӰɴ黯ݳ黯ԭ
ǴĴ黯;ڵǼǲܵġܴ黯Ҳǵˡ黯ô״죬ϾҲѰ
ǧյľԣ黯µͻơ
ۣ
ϥŵľܿռ䣬ٿŤֳʻ״̬
Ƭռ䣬黯ˡ
ͬʱæȫע黯Ϣӡ֮С
ˣ
ϼ黯
黯һ޵٣黯Ϊһϼ黯ڷڻ᲻Ƕһ޶ģ
˫ĿЦš
ķһʱ䣬öߵȻȪʯöеȻȪʯԼֵ͵ȻȪʯԽ黯ڤվݵڤվΡ
Կ黯Ŀռ䡣
Ƭռռ룬ֿռڴݽܵǳصӰ졣
һ޵ߣȫǵĹʮһɴݽ黯ռͲˡԸϼ黯Ч
ұ㽫ϼ黯ɷؼ͸ϾԶ˶٣ȡһ伮⾧ʯ
˷ȻǾԴ죬ȴݣɷ伮Ծ˵ҲһЩ顣
һµʱ䣬㽫黯伮˳
Ͼ𣿡վϾĵ֮⣬롣
ͨϾܹ֪ۡϾʱûбչأԲŹϾ
ԵϾº
Խã޲ɷϾվдЦԼ
ԵѳˣϾڡ
ǵģʱˡԵͷ
Դ㽫ϼ黯͸ϾչأҪħӡɱա
˼ǴԺҪչңʲôҪҰæ𣿡ϾЦʵ
Կ˿Ͼ
üͷ΢΢һϾ㲻֮ǰͻƾ𣿡
ԸоϾԵЩңϢͻƾʧܺĺ֢
Գ̾һʧܣһӰ졣ԴСǿȻͻƾ缸ûгֹͻʧܣ̫ͻʧܵӣָǳ
ǰӻȪ߻ҵõһЩȪʯ㳢ͻơҾû㹻ˣ𾳽̫ˣʧˡϾҡҡͷ
ʧҲûϵϢһʱָܻˡϾ˵һ䡣
ָԼϳܵķӰ졣
ͻʧܣȻܵķӰָͨʵϣʧ̫ۼӵӰܻܿ޵߾ͻƳɹϣԽԽСӰϿȷʵǴڵġԶԾͻҪҪһİȥͻơ֣ص˵
Եѣ˵Ҳ֪˵Ҫﵽһİգôܴﵽأκһ޵ߣܻôİճɹЩ۷ε޵ߣȷ۶ﵽһ޺ѼָμͻƵİգ
ʵϣҵ黯ҵͻƳɹѾһЩءϾЦŶԾ˵
֮ǰ黯ֻﾳ̫ˡͻ𾳽аҲ̫󡣡ҡͷ
ǰҲûа취顣۷޵ߣﾳ黯ҲûС黯̫ˣ黯һ޵伣̫ˡϾ˵
Ͼγؼ㣬Ҫ͸㡣Խոϼ黯ó
ͬ鼮״ĺɫ伮
ʲôϾʡ
벻óϼ黯֪Ӧһַ
黯ߵϾǰ
Ѿﾳ黯Եѣﾳ黯óȥӦھʯڲѣʮھʯпܡϾûŪ׾ΪҪ黯ص䡣
һصѾ㹻ˣв㵹黯
ϾⱾص䣬ʮھʯҿɲ˵ʮڣһھʯԿϾ˸û뿪ϼ黯
ȿ˵ϾԼ鿴
Ͼӹɫ伮΢΢һ̽Ȿ伮
ţ
⡭ǡϾĿɴС¶ݣ𾪡


2232 Ͼ
ζ벻
黯дʱŵĵ伮ϼ黯
˵ϼ黯ͨڤվ黯ˡ
ԣ㡭ôϼ黯ϾЩźɫ伮
ϼ黯ôͻļɻԵİտ϶ܣɵļʲѡ
黯ǳ⣬Ȼյȴ볣ĵȻ෴ܹ޵ͻƾʱ֤޵ͻƾͳʡ
ڻȪʱ黯ݵڤվΡһʱ䣬黯ɹݵϼǺǣⱾ伮ҲҸոġƵı顣
̫ˡԵѣҡⱾ伮Ͼ˵
һϼ黯ֵ٣ھʯԶԶõǧھʯҲδõ黯޵߱ʵȵ
򵥵˵Ͼϼ黯ô߰˸ͬ޵ΧܳŵסֱӦЩڤվ޵ߡο黯ܸ۷޵ͻƾΡ
Ͼ͸ġ
ˣһҪ󡣴˵伮̺޵ϣϾҪ޵黯ҪҲһҪú𡣡ԿϾ
ⲻС
ᴫ
ĵȵȣ⴫
黯Էڲ˴ڶϸƣ˵Ƕ˴ڡ
ݴҡϾϵĵ伮Щ֡
̫ˡ
ϾͲҪƴˡʱ䣬Ұ㣬ҿҲûȪߡ԰ڰ֣ϾҪ˵Ļ
ãҾͲˡϾžһЦ
ȽһطϢȻٽ伮㡣Ͼ㽫Ȿ伮£ֻҪ黯ѧἴɡ
ҲСԵͷ
Ǵ㽫Ȿ伮ȫ͸ϾģϾ˵ȷʵֻҪһε伮ڵ黯ϢͿˡ
ϾԺһչءлвٻȪʯҲһЩǸߵȻȪʯиߵȻȪʯͻƾӦûиİաֱȡöߵȻȪʯ͸Ͼ
ϾûиߵȻȪʯµ˽ǵͼߣеȻȪʯϡ١
Ͼûƴǣϼ黯ˣ⼸öߵȻȪʯƴʲôݶ飬žˡ
ϾǺ󣬾ԻصԼչ
һΣҪǽڴħӡɱϡгĻȪʯгھʯħӡɱȫϣħӡɱٶȼ졣
ٶؼõģǻȪʯûлȪʯǾҪյħӡɱҪ֪ʱ䣬Ҳ˵
Ծ˵ٶȣŵħӡɱ
һ󣬾Ա㽫ħӡɱ͸һ롣󣬵ħӡɱԳ͸߳ɡ󣬴ħӡɱԳ͸˾ųɡٶȣһӣԾȫյħӡɱ
ҲھٴαչϾϼ黯ա
ϾҲǺܸߵģյԺǿĴħӡɱȻǿռ䷨յԣǶҲкܶ໥֮ͨϾյûʲôԣôڿռҲΪ
ˣʱ䣬ɹ黯ȫлȪʯһϷ黯ȷʵϡУѶҲǷǳ黯յ츳޵˵ѶȿҲͱȳ淨һѡ˷û귨ֽ̬
Ͼշּһ壬״̬ѡ׼һγͻƾ
иߵȻȪʯշ֤һΣǿ˺ܶࡣ
һΣʧܡôڣҾͲͻˡϾڣаת
׼ʼͻơ
֮
ˣϾĽϣһɲǿҵȴļµϢ
ǵѹȻһ޵ߡ峤ʹЩ޵ߣû˺صѹ
Ͼͻˣ
һ̣𾳽硣


2233 
һͻƣһ죡
ԭϾֻԶͫһʱ̤֮ǴﵽԶͫͬĲΡȻոͻƾս޷ԶͫȣϾͻҲǻʵͻƣֶǿ磬ϾĿȻǿ
ʱƣϾսҲԽԽǿңϾϼ黯ڷϵֶξͲѰ𾳽޵߿ɱȡ
ڡͻˣϾૡ
۷޵һϾϾҲܾúܾˣԼҲǲͣ۷ζʱ䡣޵УǷǳġǵͼҪϾܶ౶
ںʹˣΪƾãǵͶ԰Ϊλˡ
ټ򣬻ǧ޵Ҳټ
Щˣʱ޿̲̤֮ǲϻۣƴ۵Ѱַһδεĳնʧܸա
ԡϾгԵ֡
һǾϼ黯ҲͻƳɹϼ黯ͻƵ֮ʵ̫Ҫˡ黯еƣԾϾ޵ͻƾ綼ž˵֤á
Ͼ뿪ңϲ֮Աָ˵һ˫ɫ֮С
ΪͻƣҲϾʸΪסԭ;գΪϢ
ˡܹϾǰ
Ͼǵûзʲô°ɣϾѯʸܹۡܡ
αչأķһʱ䡣
ûд·һǰزĦһЩС͵սҲƽϢˡܹ˵
ͷż̧ͷϾ֪ΪΣϾĸоƺǰЩһˡָֻоҲ޷˵
ţǾԵѻڱչ𣿡ϾᵽֵʱиһĨ顣
ûоԣͲ̤֮
һֱڱչ˵ķԸǲҶԾκδšܹܻش˵
ǾͺãϾͷ
ҹ죬ȥˡУҪһЩʱ䡣뿪ʱﾰԵң͸ȥͬʱҲ̴ѶҡϾܹܵ
ţܹһ㶡
ˣˣ
ˡʲô˼
ԣѵ̤֮
ܹЩ£̧ͷϾ
㶢ʲôϾü
Ҳûܹ۾ֱֱλʧġϾҲ⣬ǳá
ϾĻܹܲŶȻѹ
˿ˡֻǡֻˣѵѾ̤֮𣿡
ϾҲѾܾúܾˣԴϾϾƹϾǵʱ͸ϾߣϾˡϾĹϵɲſ͵ĹϵϾĸ
Ͼ̤֮ôĵλȻҲˮǴߡʱ棬ЩÿͿġ
ȻϾǳҳϡϾ̤֮ǴĵΪϾˡԼĵλߣεġ
ţȷʵѾ̤֮˴ȥݼˣϾͷƯ۾Ц˵
ϲˣϲˣܹæء
˺ˣ׼죬ǰݼҽ飬㶼𣿡Ͼڰŵ
ˡ˷ģʱ㣬һ˵ġܹѹм
ͻȻһ
Ͼ̤֮᲻ҲλйأǰһΣʱҲȥϾһκϾٴαչأαչгɹ̤֮˵뾰ûйϵô֮ɺϣ
ɾҲڤվܰ˴ڤվ֮
ܹ˼ţҲֻǲ²⣬ȷκ顣£ҲѯʵģֻҪԼ˽ͺá
Ͼ뿪Ͼǣǰľס֮ĿǰΪֹϾ֮û֪ԶͫҲ֪¡ϾûнԼ̤𾳽ɢȥΪûǸҪԼˣԼӡʱȻ춼֪¡


2234 һ
칬
˵أǴõľ
һգһϮɫȹϾ칬֮⡣
칬ܱߣһƬⰻȻ硣и󺱼ԣмֵ޷Ļݲϡǽ뷨칬ΧǱ̿ԸܵŨ
֮Уڷ칬£һӴھʯ̲Ųھʯ͸Ŀʯ
Ͼոսӽ칬һ֧޵߶ӭһ֧ͳһƷĶ飬ȫͬĽɫУϷ֡
ֹΪ׵˶Ͼֹ
һ˵ȻлҪǿд뷨칬Ǿ˼·һЩǿ߶ս侪ˣһ֧ʮСӣսϵļУһɱ
֮µ޵ǴƬʮСӽ֣ǿ峤Ҳֻ޵
ϾŶʮСӣֹס
˾˲ô뿪Ϊ޵߶Ͼ˹֡
УȽϿܣҲϾòйءѰ޵߽ӽЩ϶˵ɲһ㶼ǼĺˣԷǽͻֱӶ¡ǶԷһ֣Ǿ͸ˣֱɱǡ
λѣԶͫϾǰݻᷨˡϾ֣ЦԼݡ
Զͫ£ϻˣԶͫȻİû˵
һ򣬾Ǵˡ
˶ԶͫЩһ㶼ƽȴ֮ġҲ𾳽硣
Щеˣ֪Զͫ𣬵ϾֿܾЩİˡ٣޵ĺܶࡣټһ޵ܴ򣬳ǺںǵĴڡ
ϾҪˣѰԶͫͨ鲢ûΪϾݾϾ롣
һ£ȷʵҲֻЩǿ߲ʸ뷨칬
ȷʵҪˣ޷ͨԶͫΪҪϾĿ΢΢
ʲô

㡭ˣԭĮϻǣϾ˵Ҫһɫˡ
Ҫ϶Ҫ𾳽СϾ˵ԼҲǱԼ𾳽޵ˡ֮µ޵ߣŶȥ
Ͼ΢ЦЩϻûٶ˵ʲô
ϾˣΪ׵ĻϾ˹Ϊ
Ͼ뷨칬ŷ칬ȥ
̤뷨칬֮ڣŨ۳ɰɫ
Ƭ̺Ͼǻӳ˷칬֮ǰȽ뷨칬ͨܿ죬߳Ͼ뷨칬Ͼ˵Ǽٻ˵ٻƭˣǻĲͷˣȻ
Ͼ
Ͼս빬ڣһ㴫ţһӰϾǰɫۣ׿Ϊᡣ
Ƿá
ЩϻʶϾȴʶϾϾòڷϲ㽨ҲǹΪġϾһΡλҲϾòѹһ
ˡϾúæ
ǰôϾƺѾ̤֮Ͼ
ϾʱûתҲ޷һ۾ͿϾľ硣Ͼʱ仯Ϊ̤𾳽ȷƾ֤ҲղŵĻӳ˵ϾҪԲſϾǷ̤֮
ţѾ𾳽硣Ͼ£΢΢ת
ӦϾȻȷϾȷʵѾ֮

Ͼ𣡡ĿڣϾˡ
ҷ죬ֶһλ޵ߣһ޵Ͼ𡣿ò˶ã򶼽Ϊ𶯰ɣϾԶ֪ͫ𣿡ĵЦ˵
ҿ𾳽󣬱ǰݼˣδԶͫ˵ԶͫӦò֪¡Ͼҡҡͷ˵
ûϵһҾԸ¡µ𾳽磬֪һҲܸ˵ġοǷһϾ㡣ĿžϾ
Ͼ𾳽ȷʵԱΪһˡ


2235 𱮺
ʵΪ磬оǺġ㴫ҲֻһΧڡ
֮ǰϾֻڤվΪȷʵǷȱԱΪһˡΣӦþҲ˻ᷴϾһˡ
ΪˣŻ˵
˹ˣҿɲԳơϾ΢Ц˵
ϾȻԳΣ߲⣬Щνֻñȥ
ͷûмϾ
ת˵ϾǷڱ
ԣ̽Ͼ˵
һڡ
޵ڿ𾳽󣬱ɽڣԻӡӡܶ࣬ƷҲͬ޵ܹúӡҪͨ޵ȷ
ֻͨŬͻƾ̤֮޵ߣܹڻӡǿ޵ߣûֻԵ
ӡԴ޵ߵսӡзǳáӵӡûӡźܴĲࡣ
κο𾳽޵߶ܽǱƣҪȾҪõϾԭԶͫµҪܵκƣԼˡ
ϵ֮޵̤𾳽ҪǾûôˣҪһĴۡ
ã˵
Ͼһ˲ƣ㵽λá
νԶ
ͨΪɫ濴ȥء棬Ӧʲôǲ֪ˣܻܿΪֻһͨĽ
죬ÿһ򣬶һң˴
ǰʯͨӡ޵ߣֽʯϡ
һʯΪɫ򱻳Ϊ𱮣ҪԼֵϽ𱮣Ѷȼֱ޷˵ǲܵ顣
һ¼ʮ֣ʮ֣ԴʷӡƷߵʮ
ҪԼ֣Ͻ𱮣ҪڻñڽϵʮƷõӡ
еѶжôĿֲ
Ҿ˴Ҳ˵ϵʮǳǷ졣ʵϣڽϵʮУûһǷ޵ߡȻǷһǳεĵطҲıʵ
Ͻ𱮵޵֣ԼֻֿʧһֿǱ߳ԽڶֿֿǳΪɵֿۡУڶֿҲ޵ԱȽϳ
ϵɣôʧк˳Ʋϡԭڵʮһλ𣬽𱮡
֮Ҫ𱮣ȷʵǲʵ顣ʷϣֶ֪پž޵޵ߣڻƷǳߵӡҪԽ̫̫ˡ
ڶʯΪɫҲΪ
ǳ򵥣Ҳ˵ֻҪӡͱضܵϣͬ¼ʮ֡ϵһ֣һӡ޵֡
˵Ͼӡ֮־ͻǳϵһλáȵһӡ֮Ͼ־ͻᱻڶλԴƣֱǰʮ
κλӡ޵߶ܵϣֻʱԶ̺ܶࡣ
Ȼˣʱֻ̺ܶԡϾ죬޵Ҳô׳ֵġͬҪܳܳʱ䣬Żһλµ֡
Ͼ֮ǰϵʮ֣ҲѾʱ䲻䶯ˡҲ˵ܿʱûµ֡
ȻҲһֿܣȴδӡֻǿн𾳽޷ӡֵȻҲϡ
𱮺֮ǰɢŽɫɫΡ
ʯ˿صĻ֮⣬ʱ޵Ӱʯ޵Ҳǿģʯϵֶѳֱ仯Щ޵߿϶Ҳû¾ʯ治ɵ
£ֻµֵ󣬲ŻһʱбȽ϶޵հƽʱĻֻǵ޵żһҲᶺ̫õʱ䡣


2236 ŷ
ΪʯĴڣýӡ޵ǵֲᱻ޵֪ᱻ޵֪
ɫȹϾңңŽ
Ŀڽ϶Ƭ̣ƶ֮ϡϾȻҲףԼֲܵϽ𱮡ϵÿһ֣һ˵Ӧ޵ɫʡ
ǿҲϽ𱮡
ˣ
˵ִפ̴һʿӭӹ
ڰ֣¡
ϾڱԺԽлȡӡתĿϾ˵
лˡϾֵл
ÿһУֻȨ޵Ҫǽԭȡ֮
֮һɲɣµĳϢ̿ûʲô仯Ͼȴã֮ƺΡࡣ
˸кӰʧһƬĻ֮С
ϾУ˲ٵĿ⿪ʼע
رʱͨûʲô𡣿һֶеĲɣϢǴԶþԶǿ޵߸Ӧ
ˣ
µ𣬵𣿡
˭һ֮ӣ
ôǰûκϢ鱨ŵ˶ڸʲôǷǾȻһȺ
һЩǿ޵ߣӦϢ
еڱչأеԣеĸɽˮǸӦϢһȫߣͬһλҲλáǵϣ˼¡
ӴڲתǷ׷ͨ̽Ϣ̽鵽˭֮
УҲ¥򼶵
Щĸ߲ٶ鱨ܡǸӦӦϢǾȻ֪µˡ
ಡ
ͬʱҲвٵӰ˷·
ķǳӴģ֮ǰϾϾľԽӽԼ޵ٶ˲Ƹ·Ҳʮʱ䡣
Ҫ֪ϾǸϵ칬ϾѾ̤𾳽硣ÿһ˲ƣǶǿԽңԶ·̡
֮ǰ½޵ߵִ
˭һλ𾳽ߣѯȵˡ
̫ҹʱѾˡѯҲ˵ҡҡͷ˵
Ƿ죬òµˣʮ꣬ʮꣿ
Ƿ죬Ҳкü겻˽ˡ߿Цҡҡͷ
޵ԽԽ࣬󲿷ֶڤվ֮ǿߣҲʱܹ
֣ԶǴ¡ܹ𰡣
ͨ;ػǿʵϺܶ˲ǵݡֻлӡھв֮ЩûӡǲһӡǰԼԲλõһȡ

ˣ㴫Ѷң
ԶͫɨԼĴѶѶ
ҡ
£ԶͫЦһʡ
ҲûʲôҪ飬ҲкܳʱûԶͫˡЦ
ңھͿȥ칬ԶͫЦ
زأҲûʲô顣ţǰһʱϽڵĻȪ߿ûʲôɣʵ
ˣһλȪ߿л˵©Ǻں֪ʲô裬ڻȪ߿ʱͻȻ֣ǿд˽ȥ϶һ涼ҪˡԶͫںȻŭ
ںӣü
ʵҲɱں˼ҲûаաںٲҲѲ̽λá
ţں쵰ҲܺڴȪ߰ɡΣڻȪڳԿˡٺ٣ҹϽһоԵ޵ߣڻȪڴ˺ںӡںֻܸɰͰ͵˵һЩݻǱˡԶͫ˵Եʱ򣬲ԽЦ
Ŷ飿ԡ˵ܻܺںѽ˵
ΪȪ߻ܺں£þԵڷܶע⵽֡Ҳµֻڴ֮ǰδԾʲôעԶֵͫһӾͱˡ


2237 ʹϵ
ΪܺںʵȻͬһ㡣ʶԶͫ˵ľҲ𼶵ս
ԺлᣬҪһԡ
ˣ⾰Ĳ򵥡̤ϲΣܻܺںΣǡܹõӡҿҲпܵϵġԶͫ
𱮣ҡҡͷ¶Цݡ
𱮣̫ˡǺںҲһֱϾ磿ںͣǿϹˣ
ԶͫϵҲһС¸㡣µϾѾ𾳽磬ڸýϾˡ˵
ʲôԶͫ
仰ȷʵȫϵġ
ѶȻ˵ûʲôҪ飬ԶͫҲ׿϶¡£̫ܸѶֻ벻˵飬Ͼ̤𾳽硣
ڴ֮ǰԶͫûκη
ôͻȻͿ֮ˣԶͫת
Ͼ̤֮ԶͫȻҲǱȽϸ˵ġô˵Ͼǳ£ԺҪʲô飬ҲϾһֻϢ̫ˡ¼ʮҪ˵츳ߵͣϾбȽǿģӦŲһġ⼸ʮ֮У츳Ͼ˵Ͼ൱ģҲкü⼸˵ͶϾö࣬ȴҲһֱû߳һ̤֮
Զͫ˵ľ¡ʱϾѾŵɻһöӡˡֵ
л˸֪Զͫæл
жϵ֮ԶͫǾٵЩá
Ͼˣ
УҲȥϾһұҪءԶͫ۾΢΢
޵ԽԽ࣬ȽϽ޵֮ǰֱӸӦԶģҲ˵¸ϵ
µ˵Ĵ¼ЩҲһʱ֪˭û䱳ûôȻͿԽ£ҲҪ졣
ϾڣҪӡҪصĿ顣ЩɶԽߣôõӡƷҲԽߡ
飬Ƕʱɵġ
˰ʱ䣬ϾŽԼĿ顣Ͼеķӡӡ
շӡϾۿӡ
շӡڶ෨ӡǲģԼϵӡԼõշӡϾǱȽġ
ҿշӦǵòշӡƷӡġϾ뵽˾ԡ
Ĺˡ
Ǿ͸շҪ֮ǲ֪ҪȶʱˣҲһӶ޷Ͻ𾳽硣
ৣ
һסϾ漴Ͼʧڡһ̣ʯ֮ǰ
⸽˴޵ߡǸо˴ͳһȫ߼йڽ̸ۻǱĿȵȵԱȫעŵϾϡ
ⲻϾ𣿡ܶ˲ʶϾȻҲʶϾ
ϾƯ֮ǰ˵òһβˡһ޵߿Ͼ˵
ܶ˵Ͼûˡ
ͳģϾ⡭ѵѾ֮𣿡˵
쿴˵
ৣৣ
һĿ⣬Կʮ֣ϾֺȻϣڵһλ
Ż˾ÿǸоˣΪϾҲǸոɵϾֳϣһȻͲûˡ
ϾѾΪϾ
ôͻȻ̤֮ˣ
˵ԶͫµƺͲǺܴ󣬵츳Ӧò֮
Ǻǣܹ۷޵ߣһ츳еһ֮Ҳ˵
ˣɡͣ۷ʮ֮ãٳٲ֮ܿһ۷޵ĽϾ

Ͼ𣡡
Ͼã֮ǰ˵Ͼ֣һֱûлݷá
Ͼĸ
һӣкЩ˵Ͼǰ׷׼Ҳ˳ûԼݡңץϾϹϵ
ϾȻ׼ǱһҲǸп֮֮£ȫͬĸ


2238 Ϊ
ϾӦס
ϾѣԶͫӰϾǰ
ڵõѶ󲻾ã
Զͫ𣡡ϾԶͫ˹
ʵǰõϢĲֻԶͫһˣЩż󱳾ʵǿкӶѯܶʱҲҪԷӵġ˵ǰһʱϾҲ޹ؽҪ飬Ͼе޵߶֪Ͼ
ϾԶ̸ͫʱһЩзĴҲ˹
ѯϾջʲôӡ
ϾȻ˵ȥص飬Խ֪Խá
ӡǿֱӹϵսĶ
ЩͨǿͻƵ𾳽޷ӡ޵ߣǵսܴ֮ҪӡĹϵ
Ȼˣ¶⡣Ҳи𼴱ûӡսͬǼľˣѹӵӡ
ͺñȺںһ޵ߣܻɱ
ⶼȺ죬ҲһںĹ̥
λȾԵѳغҽϾ¾磬ʱһλϾ˾ˣ˵
Ͼ˵Ҫ磬˶һֶЩΪϾᵽһ֣Ǿ֡
Ͼ˵ҪȾԵѳغ硣
Ͼ磬뾰ʲôϵ
ϾλԵǣ˵ѯʡ
ǺǣԵҵĶˡоԵѰæҲ֮ܿϾЦ˵
Ҳǹ˵ģôǰԣĿľΪ˸Ȼ˵Կ̫ܲϾþԵǴӦҲкܴôġ
ȻϾ仰˵ȫΪ֮һ
ЩǿߣסˣԶͫĿж¶ɫϾ֮ȻǾ԰æģ
ԶͫףϾǲ˵ٻƭҵģȻô˵ǿ϶ʵټʱԶǾסϾۡС
ϾԶͫһͬȥݻ
Щ޵ߣжǶڲ֤һ£Ͼᵽľ˭ΪڻȪڻܺںѾȽϴϲ֤׾ܲ鵽ھԵ顣
ʲôͷ
ȻΪܺںöǿʵ
Ͼ˵ܿ𾳽磬Ǿ԰æġһ޵ߣôܰϾͻƾģ
Ͼ𲻿˵Ѱ
ûϾ֮ǰҲûҪͻƾͺͻȻ֮ͻˡ棬϶ǲ֪顣ô򵥣ҿɲʲô
飡һҪΰϾġܹ޵߿𾳽磬ʲô취ҪѶĴۣҪ
죬ƺˡ
¥ܲϳ
λԪ϶֪˰ɣ
¥ߣһٿԪϻᣬԪϡԪ϶ڳ
⾰ԣЩ°
ǣҿǼʱĹϵǵĴɾЩˡ治ɵ۵ĵӣ
˵ôϾģǲǣʲô԰޵ͻƾ
²ҲãϾʱǰ̽һ¡Ͼ˵ȾԳز磬Ȼ˵ǾҲμģ
¥Ԫǣһǿҵš
ģȻֻ¥ļЩǿ޵ߣҲƵĴ㡣
֮Եڷϲ㽨Уǳ׵Ĵˡң²ӵƺܿ졣ò˶ã־˽֪ˡһ򣬹ޱߣϢǼѸݡ
ȻҲ˲Ͼͻǵõ˾ԵİǲΪһ޵ǻܺں޵ʲô취޵̤֮
ǿɵҲδֶΣοһ޵أ
ԶͫϾ뿪ķ칬󣬱һͬȥˡڻȥ·ϣԶͫδѯϾЩȽصϢ˵Ͼӡʲôоô֮ġ
Ͼ𣬵ԶͫԼӡշӡԣԶͫϾշӡǷǳӡˡд˷ӡϾò˶ãʵǾԶͫȡԶͫķӡƷϱշӡҪһΡ


2239 
ԶͫҲЩĽϾ𣬲ⲢǼʡԶͫˣԻǲģҲһȽеˣϾ֮ҲΪˡ
ڹ;УԶͫѯϾĴ㣬Ͼֻ˵ʱû㣬ϾƹϾǵ
Ͼ˵ԶͫҲǴϲϾϾǣԶͫӰҲȵϾ뿪ƿصĵԺ󼴱ϾĹϵһЩϾæȴҲ޷Ͼĵȡ
ϾѾ𾳽磬ǿԼƹһƬˣԶͫ㡣ֻҪϾ̸϶Ҳͬ⡣
Ͼʱ뷢չԼһϾǵ˵Ҳ㹻ˡѾֻ֮ƹϾǣҲԶԶȵġ
ԶͫԼĹϾǻصϾǡ
ϾصϾʱȻڱչСһϾ뿪Ͼʱ䲢ǰҲһٶʱ䡣
ϾշӡصϾǵǧ󣬱չؿ޴ħӡɱľԣԴħӡɱҲ˹ؼ㡣
ħӡɱ㣬ԴӱչѾǧʱ䡣
ʱԴħӡɱѾٽ㣬ǰһȫմħӡɱһԵ
ʱ䣬˷һ·û̫⡣лȪʯԴһЩϰֻҪһЩʱɽ⿪յٽ㣬ȴס˾ԵĽŲ
ʵϣٽǰѾȥǧʱ䡣⼸ǧԼȫ˼һȥϡ
𼶵ķȷʵô׾յġ
֮Դֱӵõɵ۴УһŷǽȻͬĸ

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ΪģܵĿռȻһϸۿɿܵĿռ䴦ھֹ״̬ƬռڣǸַ򣬾ͺ񱻶סһ㡣ʵǿ޵ߣӦǿԿھܿռڣһöɫӡģĶ֡
ܿľϷ˲һı飬۾ĺһ
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2241 ϯ
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2242 վ
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2243 ˭ҲǿϾ
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2244 һս
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2245 ʮ¾
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˹𣬾ϼСֵԳ𣿡ԶͫЦ˵һ䡣
˵СĿ뼤˹ݲöԾ֡
ԶͫҿɲǲСŭңҊ˹Ҫ˭ŭңҾŪ˭˹ӲĻԶͫһ䡣
Զͫü
Ѱ֣Ҳ֪ԵġԱ˹ɱ˻˲áԶͫѰ˵
˵ʵȷʵ֪ԣԶͫڴѶרŶԡʱҲԾԱȽϸȤӡ
Զͫϵ˵ʲôˣҲǊ˹ɱǲã¾𡣡Ѱ
Ѱ֣ҳֹ˹ΣԶͫ΢΢˵
Զͫϵܣ㻹ǲҪ뷨ΪáԊ˹ֻ֣㡣Ѱҡҡͷ˵
ԶͫɫһĵȻˡ
Ͼѣڊ˹뾰Զֺ󣬾Σգֵס˹ĹĿǰʵǵв˹˹ϲ㣬϶׶֡ס˹㴫뿪ңһϵԶͫϾ˵
סϾӦЩǡ
Сɣ˹һ
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Ǻǣп֮˵ںںлţҪ˵ܺں治̫š
ںĹȷʵЩǷȱںɱСҲײеķԷĥġȹںӦǿܴﵽСĲΣֻǱСɱöˡ
֮
ֳ׽֮ʩչ
֮ܣ׾ʩչ
߸ҫĿС̫ʮ¾Ӵٴ͸ʮ¾Եһʮ¾롣
׾ʮ¾ſɹЧģ԰Żܱ֮ȽɵĽʮ¾мϿǣʮ¾ûΪмϿɢֳƬͷϱ˲٣һԶԶʮ¾𼶷
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Ǹ߿㰡
ʮ¾ɽɱʵҲҴ˵Լ˺ں˹ɵ˵
ѾڿǣҪɢȥʮ¾ֵܣҪ¾Ե塣Եһͬɱˣǿܾ޷֪صˡ
Ͼת׼ʱΪԵֵʮ¾
ħӡɱԿɱܼͷдһͺȡ
һͺȣǰһƬռ䣬ʱס
һƬĿռ䣬ͷҲʮ¾
ͷڷռƺҪƽ
ɵĴħӡɱҲǼֲġħӡɱһ԰Եǿ
ƣԿٴγ
ž
ħӡɱͷӰ顣


2246 һȥ
ɢʱ䲻ڿռڵȻ޴档
ħӡɱƬռ䣬ֵԷķ
ħӡɱΪԵ𼶷֮һ¾ʮ¾ھԹ϶ħӡɱ
Ȼˣ˹ʩչʮ¾ڱħӡɱݻ֮ǰѾ֮׾һܣŵʮ¾ڴħӡɱǰƲһһ㡣
ħӡɱ˹һ۾ϳ˴ħӡɱ
ƬŤռڵӡӡǣĿҲǱŷһ⡣
ħӡɱѶȣʮ¾ȵġʮ¾¾ںܶԱգ򻯵ַ̫ѡħӡɱҪȴǺѣȫգǷǵڿռŷǳµ츳ϣ
Ͼ𿴵ʩչĴħӡɱҲ
ϾȻ֪˴ħӡɱַԵġǣʱȻǳ𾪡ΪʩչĴħӡɱǵ㡣Ҳ˵ȫ˴ħӡɱ
ǰŹȥʱ䣿
ԡȻȫմħӡɱһ𼶷
˼飡
лȪʯʹûȪ֮ģҲӦ˿Ĵħӡɱɣ
Ͼħӡɱȫգǿ˳ʮʱ䡣
Զ˵ĹۿߣһҲܾʡ
вˣղŻΪԻᱻʮ¾شû뵽ת˲֮䣬ʮ¾ͱˣʮ¾Ɋ˹ʩչġ
˿Եʵ쳣뺷
ǾʩչǴħӡɱɣ
ţȷʵǴħӡɱ
벻ȻȫմħӡɱַóռҪնѡ죬ܹȫʩչħӡɱҲָһϲε޵ߣʩչĴħӡɱƾ˷úںҲ˵ͨˡ
ǰǺƾַȫͨһսˡֵ޵ߣ˺ں֮⣬Ҳˡ
ϧԵ¾ʮʥ֊˹𡣡
˹ɲͨ𣬾Զͫȣ˹Ҳ̫ࡣ
Χ۵еҡͷе˫ĿŹ⣬еı˷ܡ
ȻԵסʮ¾ЩȻΪ˹սǺںڊ˹ܱҲֻһѡ˹ʱ䲫ɱ
ԽԽ˼ˡѰžԣЦ
ԶͫϵܣΪôоԵˡڵ޵ߣھʵܿ𾳽磬ǶҲôѰԶͫ˵
Ѱ֣һӡ֮ܿǶҲǺѽǷڵĴǱȽεġԶͫѰ˵
Щĳ˼ˡ
ʵҴʱҲ뿴˱˹ɱˣǡҪԊ˹֣һǻġѰҡҡͷ
⵽ΪʲôԶͫЩЩ졣
ѰȴûнһĽֻͣתĿžԡ
СӣʵЩҵԤϡ˹ڡ
ɣҸһĻᣬֻҪӦ˹һת
ǵ˵˵
һҪڻȪջĻȪ֮ġ˹˵ĵһ
ڻȪͼڻûȪ֮ģⲻʲôܣ֪˺ܶࡣȻǲ֪Ե׵õöȪ֮ģȷԱضǵõˡ
˹ȻֻΪϾġа
ڶҪ̽塣˹˵
Ҫ̽龰Ե壬õصܡ
ڶвЦ˹ǳ˵Ρ̽壿ԵȻκ̽Լ塣̽飬Ǿ͵ڽСԷʱԷôŪԼôŪԼ
ڵǡ˹һϾڿʼ㲻ҪϾ˵һ仰ԺҲϾ档
˹ϼһҲϾ뾰֮ĹϵЩѰ
СӣֻҪǾͿԻ
ңҿģ¾ġ˹˵ܾôɣΪ˴ħӡɱĵסҡϾϣ޵жôǿ󡣡
Ҹʱ俼ǣ˹תĿ
Ǻǣ˹ӹһȥЦ


2247 
˹κһԶܴӦ
Ȫ֮ĶԾ󣬲ǾǸֶεնԽȪ֮Ŀ
̽飬Ǹܣ˹Լƻ壬Ҳðա
˹ĵþŭġӽԺ󲻵üϾ𡢲ϾϵΪ˹˭
е⣬Ũ˼㣬ɱӿ˹ھУѾҪԴĵˣ˻ҪʧȥϾ
˵Ê˹һȥ仰ʱԶΧȺһƬ

Ե
ԣֱĿˡ
ʵʵ˵ԶͫҲÊ˹һȥ˹һ˴򲻹Զͫ𣬵˹¾ʮʥ֮һԶͫйϵһϵաԶͫæδػ֡¾Ċ˹𣬺ɾ¾޵߰æ
ԣԶͫԵĻһ
ˣԶͫг̾
仰ɻὫ˹𳹵׵
˵֮ǰԻлϣôھһϣûˡ
֮ǰϾס˹𣬊˹ܻ֣ΪȡĻᡣôڣ˹ŭ֮£ϾҲסˡϾô򣬺ܿÊ˹ֻϾ˵
ֻܾ֪ͨˡԶͫӰһһƫƧȡԼĴѶ
ԸæҼʱִôԻһ˿ϣԶͫԸԸæҲһնûС
⾰ԣˡ
ҽЊ˹һȥһǵ档˹벻ɱˡ
ǰ˹𻹲ɱԣԺ˹ڷ컹ô죿
ԣǽ˲֪˵ʲôᣬĴħӡɱ츳춼Ѱڶ˵ǰ;ֻҪ㹻ʵһ֮ǾǶ𡣿Լ
Χ߶Ŀֱⷢžԡ
ԪϣϾ𽹼Ԫϡ
¥Ԫϣ¥ͬ£ǵϲ¾¥ͬжλǿߡ
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ԪϣܲܡﾰԣϾҲǼͶҽˡ
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Ͼ𣬺ܱǸҶԴҲΪ˴˵
ȻðհԣԱɱ¥ûϵ¥ɵԱܴڵɵۣǾǣҪ˵ðŵ¾ķհﾰԣԶԶ̸ϡ
ϾɫȻЩ

С죬ұ㽫ʬΣԤϵ˹ֱӾͷˡ
۾ͨ죬׺ޱȵĿžԣд
ܣޱߵħͷųЩħž˵ĸʴص޷ʴַ򣬶ħʴתΪķ
˹еĺɫҲͬܲڿռֻһ£ǸĿռͱ𡣲ռ𣬾ԶĿռ䶼һɫĹ֡
Ҫ˹ˡ
Ӱǰٳɫ裬žԺݺݵĳȥ
Ҫ񣡡Լ˹˹ͬһȡ
ȫת׽Ľâҫ嫵Ľâγ貵ĽĻС֮У߸С̫ٵתȵһȦȦ浴
ĻУ͵Ǻɫֹȥ
ۣ˹ŭȡ
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ͺںʹ֮Ҫ˹ʩչȻںʩչ֮ô˹볤ʱά۵ܣҲҪһĴۡ
ԽֲܿķʩչԽǿ̡һЩ𼶵ķԹΪһˡһķǳĿ£Ѷͬ޴ʩչܳԽ𼶷
֮ۺ֮ԳΪ
֮˵ԳΪΪȷʵĽ
Ľʩչˡ죬ս޵Ҳëǡ


2248 
ۣڿռڻΪһη䵶״
ֻĴԵĻ֮׾γɵĽĻбǱ顣ϼգۼ䶼ûܳס
þ˵Щݡ
ħӡɱûκԥֱʩչħӡɱ
ǻ䵶״ܣռħӡɱܣݺݵĽħ֮ϡ
꣡꣡
ܿµײԲĿռ䶼ǿݻۣܿռ䣬һɫĳײڷռϡ
žħӡɱĿռ䣬ڻǱ۴ڲƿ
˹ʩչۣҪȺںʩչ֮µöࡣϾ˹֮ǿߡ
ϾĿתɱеľԺ͊˹׼ʱΪԵֵ˹Ĺ
黯ֱһڶ
ϼ黯ʱǰһƬռ黯
۵ܲ黯ռ䣬ٶ
Ե黯ȻҲϼ黯̫⣬Ըֹﵽ˼ĵز
黯˹۾ɴ
һ۾ϳ黯
Ϊ¾ʮʥ֮һļʶȻһܱȡ
Сֶλ治١黯һ黯ȻѾգӡϼ黯ɣ˹ĿҲ͸ż˷ܹ
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У
𼶵巨У
дȫ߶зľ壬ݺݵĺȥԵ壬һǵ˳ȥ
׷ɳԲס塣еķȷʵǿۻУӴײɽԻɡеķֻǱסԵ۲ܽһƻԵ
ǵȿµײþЩܣѪڣǣվǵסһ
У֮⣬ƺûܵʲôƵӣ˶
סˣǾԣȻסˊ˹ֲһ
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˵ҲǣǾôܹסۣ
ûǸڴħӡɱ֮黯Ʒǳߵ黯ϼ黯۾˵
֪Ի黯޵ߣҲеġ¥Ԫϣںֵľ󣬼ʹ黯ǣ֪Ի黯ֻﾳڣõ黯ȴϼ
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ﾳε黯¥ҲŪϼ¥Ҳûκΰ취
ôأԪͷת
ԣԣڻȪߣϼ黯Ϊֻʹﾳ黯أʩչ黯ȷʵϼġѵ뿪ȪߣŽ黯ϼԪϣЩء
Щ𼶵Ĵ黯޵ͻƾİʵЩ۷޵ߣ󲿷Ҳ֪黯ԼͻƿԴĸáһϼ黯ļֵ޷ЩӴлõϼ黯ǾԻᣬͲҪھʯԴ
˵黯޵߾ͻƵİ˵ϼ黯ķԳΪ޼֮ˡ
ѰҲٴ
죬ıܶ࣬ЩǿҲԵõϼ黯ܹൽԴ֮С
˹ֵ˰ɣӰһûߵ˼Ŋ˹˹ͬʱлŭȡ
ħӡɱ
֮Уһǹе뵽֮ڣϴħӡɱǊ˹й
ħӡɱܣڊ˹ܡ֮۽Ļ˹ĽڿռȻϮɱ˹
ߣСҲҹң˹ԾԵĹмһˡ


2249 ٷ
Ǳħӡɱס˹ûκμꡣ
з裬֡
һۣ֮ɵסħӡɱѹĿռ䶼ڶʱڳܼѺۣۿŊ˹Ѵħӡɱ
ǺںʩչĴħӡɱѹǾڶʱѳ˹սȷʵǺںܱȡ
Ȼˣںܹͻƾ֮ǽǳĿ¡
Сͣвҡ˹ԵñȽɣѴħӡɱͬʱֳܷ˼뾰˵
𣿡΢΢һ
УȻۣȻ
Ե깥ֶȻֲڣ֮޵в󣬵ͻȻʩչһЧģǣ˲öԷܽȫӳ
ϮÊ˹ɫ΢΢һ䡣κ޵ߣԼ嶼ȿأо屻ʱ򣬾ٴĵ޵Ҳ޶ԡ˹Ҳ⣬Ӧ屻һæķ߶ֵ
׹ҫ
ʩչ󣬾׼ʱ䣬ʩչ֮Դе׹ҫ
ڱ׽ܣһɫ׹Կµٶ
׹ҫɵ۵ĴС׹ҫȻֻ֮Դյļ¡
׹ҫ˲Ϣ͸ˊ˹ǰʱ˿̣ħӡɱγɵѹռȻѺۼδȫɢħӡɱŊ˹壬ǿѹ˹
׹ҫ͸˹ߣ˹ûеڶַԣֻӲ
ֳֵ깥ķӦ΢һ㡣
ȶսУ֮ǧֻһ˿һͻȻͬ
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۾ԲĶɫ׹⡣Щ׹⣬ÿһĿֲܡ׹ɨһƬ۵ܡңһЩɫ׹⴩͸ۣڊ˹ϡ
˹ֻһ飬Գܵʹȫÿһתֵͬʱޡϵ貣Ȼȫ׹ҫĹ
գʱڣ˹ѪɫҲò԰ס
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ҪֵԵĹֻܽԼķֶκͷȵȡֶκͷֵסʱ򣬾ԵĹ㽫ص˺
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˹ٵˣķٶȣܿңԵ⶯Ŀռ䣬ң޷ȶʩչ˲ơʵʩչ˲ƣ˹Ҳʩչʩչ˲Ƶһ̣ȫ¶Щµɫ׵Ĺ֮£ŪֱӾͱɫ׵䱬ˡ
ڊ˹ӴܵʱЩԶĹսߣһĿɿڴ
ܶ˴صĴϢţӶˡ
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˹Ѿشֲ˼׹ɱ

ס֣ԣס֣˹׹гܣˡ
˲жôĶˣҪͣ֡ʱĊ˹𣬸벻ôˣΨһͷǱסԼ˵оٽʶԼܿĻھԵС


2250 䱬˹
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˵ĳԹǊ˹쵰Ͼһ㣬þԶɱ֮ġ
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ѰԼ˵ǾԻ˹ɫʱһڣһٿ䵴ֱ̽۾Ҫ׼ԾԶ֡
Ѱ֣Ե˹֣ðȻֲ̫ðɣԶͫһЦѰǰ
ھ˹֮ǰԶͫѰԶͫʱﾰԣѰȷʾԶֹͫԶͫѰ˹ֵסҪ־Ȋ˹ԶͫȻʲô
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Զͫϵܣʲô˼Ѱüͷһ塣
Ѱֺα֪أһսʼ֮ǰѰô˵ģԶֱͫѰ۾
ʵȷʵҪѰһ㣬ĴѰûлԻɱ˹ġ
ԶͫȷҪ𣿡Ѱ£ŭ⣬ͳ
ԣֻҪѰԾԳ֣ҿ϶㡣Զ̬ͫȺܼ

ʱ򣬊˹ַһҽС
ֻʣ°Ċ˹һƬɫ׹֮£ʣµİֱӾڿռڱˡһƬѪδƮɢͱ׹ҫһա
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ڻɱˊ˹󣬾һһӿ˹µļС˹£¾ʮʥ֮һϵĺöȻٲˡ
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һս⾰ԾҪˡ̾˵
Ǻںż֮ǿ߶κβáԻɱ¾ʮʥ֮һĊ˹Ϣж
¾᲻Ϊ˹𱨳һҲǿ϶ģ¾ôɱǵĸ߲ԱֻǣΪ˹𱨳ҲôסԵʵʮʥκһвԣ͵ɳ֮ǿߡǣ֮󣬾ô᳤ʱһط¾ȥ¾־ټҪ½ҲǺѡϼ黯յϵĳɾ;Բ͡ץסˣѶȿ֪
ˣˣˣ
˾̾ʱһǿƥϢȻ١
Զ˵գȻмֿţӰֳ


2251 
ѷ컺£
һӰաӰÿһɢֲϢ΢Ӧ֪Ǿ֮ǿߡ
ԵĿ⣬ҲӹȥиžһȻʶˣǴǵϣԸоǱɱĊ˹Ϣ
¾ˣϢᡣ
ˣȷʵ¾ĳԱˣ˹һݣ¾ʮʥ֮Ա
ৣ
ոյִ¾ʥ֣ӰȺ˸˷ž˹ɱս˵ı飬ȫ˼㣬ǵڣɱŭ⡣
˹һˣ˹֡
˹ѾԻɱ𣬵ȻܻӦ¾ʥ֡
˹ڱԻɱ֮ǰ¾רˡ¾ǿߣҲ̾͸˹ٶ̫죬⼸˵ִ֮ǰͱŪˡ˹ܶһᣬǵǿܱ¡
˹Ѿˣ˭Կʵ
³˶ԷݣǹʶԷݡ
ǺˣΪɫս۵ʥ֣ɨԡ
˹ֻȣûʱ佫¾ˣԵִʥ֣֪˹ǰԵ֪˹Եĵ˭ڷв˹ȷʵҲһЩЩܹɱ˹¾˶İ
Ǿԣ˹ҵС˵
Ǿԣ
ţ˵ʲôɱˊ˹ʥ֣¶ı顣
Ƕ˵ԣȻΪɱ˹ʥ֡
λʥ֣˹ȷʵɱҲûܾ˹ѡѰʥֵ
Ѱ𣡡
Ѱ֣׷ʲô飿ԣڤվôɱ˹ʥֶѰ˵ʱԵñȽϿ
֪˹ѰһϾǵġ
˹ԷһЩìܣɱ˹ѣͱ⾰ɱˡλǿɱСԣѰڤվѰ˵
Ҳܶ
˵ˣ˹¾ˣ˹֮ûʲôϵʵ¾ϵͬһ㡣ҪȻô˹һϾǣ
бȽͷĴкܶ඼֪Ѱ¾ϵǳ
ɶ񣡡
֣
ɱ¾ʥ֣
С֣Ǳ㣡ʥѰ˵ȷһ£˹ȷʵ˾ԵС
Ȼǲ׾ô쵽ģⲻҪŪ顣ǴʱҪģɱΪ˹ʥָ¾ϣݼ̤
˵ȻҲܴԼȻɱ˹ʵ϶ͬһ㡣ԣֱӾҪΧɱԡ¾ûôིҲϰԶ٣ԸһϣҲûʲôˣҪܽԷŪ
ɱԵ̽ת
ĺãԸһȣûӱ㣬¾ʥֳ˹ȥ
һʱ䣬ֶξ
񱩵ء
ӷǿ
Ȼϼ黯ġ
ǡģѵɵ۵֮Դ
ֺܿɵ۵ĴˣǾ͸ҪŪʥ뾰Խֺ󲻾ãʶ˾ԵĸֶΣҲǷǳŭ
¥һ
¥ľԱܴɵۣ¾¡¾ħɵ۴ħɵۣɵ۱Ƕͷ¾Ūԣܵõ벻ջ
Զ٣ʲô£
һϮɫȹ𣬽΢΢չŻ£ҲսȦ
ǰ˹ԵɱϾܵһȿٳ֡ھ¾ʥ֣Ͼﻹȵˡ
Ͼ𣿺ߣ¾ԣɫս۵ʥɨϾŭȵ
ѣ¾ҪɱԣѵԹۣϾ
һ½Ҳ¾ǰ񡣼Ȼˣ㽫ԹŮһɱʥħ͡
ܿͷ֣½֮ϾҲ̫öԸϾȻ½֮ĴħӡɱҲټշӡӳ֣ħӡɱвͦġڷϣҲϼ黯¾ʥɱϾѶҲ൱Ĵٶʱ
Ͼ𲻺ɱǾԸӲͷֹȻûܽԿٸɵ
Ǻǣ¾ʧʥ֣Ȼ۸һ޵ߡǿȥˣ¥Ԫһ̤ҲսȦ֮ڡ


2252 
Ϊɲһʱ嶯֮١
λ¥Ԫϣĵʵһ㶼ϲԡ˵˴λȪ߿¥ûջκεĻȪʯ뾰ֱӵĹϵԻɱ¥һ츳ĳԱ˵¥£˶ܶԾкøС
ɴʱԪϻǳ˳ȥǰﾰԶԿ¾λʥ֡
¥Щ˵еɵ۵̻ʵĻǴСģһɳֱ֮һڲǿ߶нӽλ¥ĸ߲㣬Ȼ֮
λԪϣ̳Ǹ֪ԿɵйϵԵȪṆ̀Ѱеģ
Ѿ֮ǰھ˹ֵʱ˷һλͺܿϧ˷뾰£ϵĻˡ
¾ȻҲħɵ۵Ҳ˵¾վħɵۡˣҲ뾰ȡΪԿɵ۵ĵӡ
򵥵˵¾ħɵ۴ģħɵ۶ҲһСˡɵ״ӣɵ۾ܲ״ӡ
кܴİȷԾɵ۵ӣҪȻô֮Դ
ǿʢƥʱ֮ڣмʸд
ʸ֮ԴУմҲ١
ɵȻܾúܾò¶д˵ɵѾ䣬ɲôΪɵǵʵ죬˭вɱɵ۵ˣ춼ڡ
ۺϿ뾰ϹϵǸı¥˵Ϊ˵¾Ҳϧ
¥¾ײҲ¾ȷʵ񣬵¥Ҳǳصġ
ԪϣڹؼҲǱȽϹġ
ԪϾȻﾰԣ
ﾰԣǻ¾
ԪôģҲ̫˰ɣ
Ҫˣ죬ûˡһλնɱǿҪгͻˡ
ЩΧ߿ԪϼսȦһЩ¡ǲ⡢벻ͨ¥ΪҪ㾰¾֮ìܡ
ԡϾԪˣ¾ʥȫ·ˡռϷƣʼѹλ¾ʥ֡
ʥҲˡ
ڸʲôʥʡ
ڴ֮ǰ¥¾ʲôҵĳͻȻ࣬ҲĬụսԼʵصǣĵطࡣ
¾ҪԾԵѲ¥һͲӦԪϴȻĵ
ʥֽ֣з
Ԫ仰һ˵Χов¶Цõı顣仰Ȼš֮ǰ˹ʥֵֽʱû˿ְﾰԵ˼һֵļơ
˻ǲ̫ΪͻȻת̬ȣҲһЩ²⣬̬ȸı䣬Ȼ뾰ԵʵйϵȲ˵ûԭ򣬵չֳǿʵ϶ı̬ȵҪԭ
ʵҲȷʵˣʵûôǿҲôĶעѹھԵϡϾԻ֮
ɶ񣡡
֪ԼʲôͲ£¾¥սŭȡ
ҲвҡˣͲᶯ֡Ц˵
ѰɫҲ粻
޷֣һ֣ԶͫƱس֡ԶͫɱӰɾ̫ˡʱ򣬻ΪҪɱѵ˵Ϊ˰¾
Ѱ¾̫ĺøС
ס֣
ʱһͻȻ
ţһɺƵӶת˲ɱսȦأþԶǲס
ˣ
ˣ
һ
ĽˡӰվԶգĿžˡ
ȻҲ֮ʵ˵ǷһҲˡҪȻ֮λͱ˶ȡˡ
٣ɱеľҲ½ֹͣ˶֡ʵ˫ľ棬˭Ҳκβ˭΢ռϷ磬ҲѸɵ¾ʥ֡
ˣԶͫѰǰ
󣬾ԵˣڳĲ޵ߣҲ񡣰¾ķʥ֣ͬˡܰΣϣǷ䡣


2253 һ
֮µ޵ߣ䱳ӴʱҲûʸǰֱӶԻк
΢Цλ֮޵߼򵥽䡣Ŀ⿴һ˵ľԵˣҲǷŽֵ⼸ˡ
ǾԣĿھԵϣڵ
Լˡæ
Ǻǣ֮ǰҾԶͫ㣬򵥰΢΢۾
ˡһǫ顣
ԣΪ¾ɱʵ
ûʷˣֱʾԡ
ʻ㽫ľ˵һ顣һʼ¾Ċ˹ʥȡ
ҲѾ֪ˊ˹𱻾նɱ˹֮ǰԶͫʹѶڊ˹ɱԶͫٴδѶ
ʵϣǾɱˊ˹Ͼǡ㾰Ա¾˹ʥɱҲὫ·ϡǡǡǊ˹ʥַնɱ𶯣Ŵӷ칬Ͼǡ
һϲε޵ߣսնɱˊ˹ʥ֣ԾˡóΪ֮ڣδֹôǿ޵ߡھԺճ֮ǰںźܳܳһʱﶼǷ޵ߵһˡ
ˡ
ô˵ҾͲ˽龭ˡ˹ʥȷʵЩϧ£˹ʥдȣμϾٰᣬͱأҪǿдϾߣˣ̵˵
˵ڳˣȻ̾վھˡ
Ҳ̬ȣ˵Ԥ֮ڡĸ߲㽨˭֪¾ûкøУǿܣǶҪ¾ϳ졣ֻĿǰûǸ¾ߡ
ǻȥɣתԷ˵
ɫ΢΢һ䡣
ʥü˵ˣСɱˊ˹ֵܣҪΪ˹ֵܱ𡣡
⻰Ͳˡ˹ȷʵźȣôɱ˵ӦòǼٻɣôˣϸ֪龭˵ֻˣҲ޷Ϊ˹𱨳ɣЦ˵
ɫٴһ䡣
⻰ʵִ֮ǰѾ뾰ɱһʱ䣬˵ɱԣǾѹƶսǾռϷ硣Ϊ˹𣬼ֱǳ˵Ρ
Ȼˣ¾ʮλʥ֣˹ʥֳ⣬ʮһλʥ֡ȫԮøʥֵΧɱԡѾ̬¾ȻǿƣҲò˼޹ӡ¾иʥֹʱϲÿŪûֱӳˡ
ʵ¾ҲɵЩȽС޵У֮кܶǿߡЩ֮޵УǲĿ¡
ܹƹһôܺ۸
ˣھͻȥɡ£ھڰ֡
ȻȻºͣѾЩˡٲ֪ˣǿܾҪŭˡ
ˣĵҧҧѽ޺޵ɨ˾һۡ
ˣǣ˹˹֣ȥ
֪õѾûκλնɱԡ¾иǿ߹ҲһȻûлᣬֻܳˣԺл˵£ô׾˵ġ
ɱ¾һλʥ֣Թˡ
лˡԶл
ôҲǷҲκβ㡣ЦŰڰ֡
ˣȷʵη塣¾ǿߣֻˡɫ˵
ЦЦûٶ˵
Ԫϣлת¥Ԫϵл
ԵѿˣֻһС£ҳݡԪæҡͷ
ʱлϲúܣ£Լ¥뾰ԵĹϵһӾ˺ܶࡣ
ԪϣԺ˽ġҪһЩϣ¥򡣡ת˵
¥Ƿҵ֮һԴ¥ȷʵʵ;¥ŪԴ;͸ˡ
仰еϲøʢˡҪ¥ϣǾٿȷ֮ǰ϶ѾŹȥˡ
ãû⡣ֻҪ¥ŪĲϣһԪŹ˵
ȷʵҪһЩʩչ֮Դ幥ڶеŻ衣


2254 εѰ
ֱӻɵ۵ĴУ֮ԴеʽҪԼǣҪʩչ֮ԴȴҪӦ
һ׹ҫֻҪ㹻ԵɡڶŻͲǽҪһԵˣҪڵضܣҪӦˡ
ܹϴ룬ôʣΨһҪľŬԵֻҪ㹻ʩչŻŻҪ׹ҫΪµöࡣʩչŻô쾰˹ֵʱͲôˣɾնɱ˹
ȻˣŻʩչԾ嶼иġ
ǷǽԽǿĵҲԽࡣ
ڳˣвٶԪǹ뾰ϵЩ벻ͨ¥ǿбҪȥֺþ
Ȼ˵ʵֲǱˣ¥ԾԵ̬Ȼֵ˼¥Ϊ˵ֺþԣ˵㣬ԪƺҪƤˡ
ԣϾԶͫǹʱ˵
ǣӦ󣬸Ͼǡ
Ѱ𣬺Ρ
ֻ򵥴˸к֮ûˡ
ɵӶܿóǶˡ
ѰɫЩ˿ϾǷ򣬶һɨڳȺ
ߣѰһٷ뿪
Ѱ뿪ҲһͬصϾǡǶμϾϯģҪ뿪ҲϾһкǡ˵Ҳô뿪ЩУвٶƵͷһ뾰˽һ棬ܹԼ֮ڣǿɾ˲ˡ
Ԫϡ
һģҲһλ֮ǿߣͬǷһӴĸ߲Ա
֣𣿡Цʵ
ֽݣҲһ޾µͱҪһЩ
ţе̡ԪϣҲ̫ΪζԾ˿ֱӾʡ
£ԣ⡣ݣҲ£ԡԾԵ̬ȣЩˡ
ǺǡЦЦҲ˸
ѹ˵֣ҲˣҲͲҴˡ
ѵû֣ϾҲϼ黯𣿡
ϾڰﾰԶ¾˳ֵʱʩչ黯
ţһ
Ȼʶһص⡣
Իϼ黯ϾҲϼ黯ң˵黯ƺȫһϾ˵֮ܿǾԵİ
黯ɲǴײˣ죬Ҳϼ黯ġϾôͻȻϼ黯ģ
΢һ֤ͲѲ²ԵˡϾ黯ԾԡҲ˵Ϸ伮
ֱҴҾͲ˵˰ɣǺǣܹõϼ黯ôԪûм˵ȥ
ʵϣԾôǶ෽ԭ黯ֻһ˵ΪصģǾԿɵ۵״һ㣬һ㡣

Ͼۡ
һ䷿ڣԡϾԶͫĸ
Сֵܣʵ˸е־尡۾žԡ
˶࣬Ҳ˵̫ࡣڷڣĸûˣ˵˺ܶࡣ
Ǌ˹ʥֳ֮꣬޵УʵҲеƫϵġ㣬ȴɱ˹̾ҡͷ
̫ˡ
ҶЩڴ֮õʲôӡ˵ܵ𱮡ȻϴЦݣ档
Ϊϣǰ𱮡
ĻϾԶͫ𶼲Խס֪塣ϵʮ֣ûһڷ졣
˵Щ̫磬Ҫ֮Ѻѡ˵
ԣ򣿡ͻȻһת
ˣ֪֮Դô֪ܲ
ˣҲ֮ԴΪʦɵȥҵļ硣ҡҡͷ˵
仰ҲʵĻ綼ɵ۴죬˵ɵȥļ磬Ȼԡ
ˡȴ΢΢һ
ԣԻ磿һ¡
ԣС⡯һ¡
֮󣬴δκ磬һЩ鷳ڣȴ
һʱ䣬ǲ֪ôӦˡ


2255 
ϾԶͫҲžԡ
֮ǰԵľҲջҲ²þпڴӻ㣬û
Ի磬˶İúܡϾ½Բ˵Զͫ𣬶ԻӡҲģ
죬ҲһЩ޵ߡЩ޵ߣžޡ֪Ļɵ۾ǳԻ硣ûȾԻػּ˵
Ļɵۣǻ޵ߣԶͫ𾪺顣
Ļɵ֪ĵĿǰΪֹһɾɵ֮λ޵ߡ
ʵӻ޵ǷһԴԼĻҪͨɵۿ˵ġͨ󣬲ܽ޷ֱͨĻ磬ҲƵĿ顣
ͨѶ֮忼飬޵ʷôܵͣ
ȷʵԻ硣Կˡ
ЩԻ޵Ӧûʲôĵ⡣
Ȼˣ
˵ʱֻеΪƾʵܽ򣬾󰡡ĻɵۣҲʸˡп˵
ԶͫϾҲٴζݡ
Ȼ֪Ըտʼʱֻǵ޵ߣ𣬻ǲ⺧ȻŶʱ䣬Ծʹӵﵽڤվ
˳ޣҲЩ졣
æ˵ʵڻ磬ѾϲˡֻǷһЩ飬Ҿ罵ֻǽ»ָϲΡ
Ȼĵͷ
ȻǼߣܽⱾ֤ˡУĴħӡɱӦǴϾѧİɣ̶ʱ䣬ȫմħӡɱɲһġ˵
ϾԶͫ𶼵ͷ
ԣ˵򣿡һת
ǿʢһʱ졣ֻѾ˥ˡ
ţ֪򣬾˵ڵѾˣ޵߶ˡԵͷ˵
޵еģֻǵȷʵܲùˡĴӪ졣죬ΪеͬʱҲΪҵһ򣬶ֻһλλȻҲڶֱ޷㣬СС֯
Ҳڶ֮һ
ɵۻʱǿƥȫƿ졣죬ܵӰ䡣
ԣȻõɵ۵ĴУǽ㹻ǿʱӦȥ쿴ȥߡ˵
ţһġԵͷ
Ҫ˵Ҳǰ˥ԭ˵硣Ҳȥ򾿾ô˥ܵġ޵ߣڵΣһоԶǷϵġ
뾰̸˲̵ʱ䣬Ҳ˵˲ٹ顣ҲᵽкܶϢΪصģԶͫζӴЩصϢЩϢвֶԾҲǺҪԺд
һεĽӴĹϵҲ˲١
ԴеջΪ⡣ȻԻ磬ɼȻ˷죬ǾǷһԱԿ֮ҲǷ
ȥ󣬾Աȥ¥Ԫϡ
ԪϣһֱڵȾԡ
ϾۡһڣԺԪԶ
Ԫ֮ǰѾϾǷ飬Ѷ¥ܲϳԪ϶йͨԪ֪ȫ֧Ԫϵľ
ʱϾǾ˹ʥִսնɱ˹ϢҲѸٵڷ촫
һòᡣ
죬Ѿкܾûˡ
¾Ċ˹ʥ
նɱˊ˹ʥ֣˵һ˹սɱˊ˹
ֻϾ磬ȴɱˊ˹Щð
Ϣǧȷǵĳ˵ʱֳˣĿÊ˹ʥֱɱĹ̡
Ǻǣǰ˵ϵһ˻˲мǻʲô˵죬˭ܱȾԸǿ
ǰǺںҲȲϾ԰˿ڻȪߺںߵϢҲˡ
̫ˣ֮ܽɽ֮ɽֱӾˡ
һڣ۾ԵȻҲ˴Ž¾ʲôӦ¾ʥǻ


2256 Ż
ɱ¾˹ʥһ£ڷڶʱڱǴﵽһ˵ĳ̶ȡΪӴΪǿƵҲٲעˡ
ע¾޵Ҳ٣Ƕ¾뿴¾᲻ȡж
¾뱨ҲףѾ£ȷҪµΪֹ¾ĿŵȥΧɱԣܾͻֱҪԣͬǲףѾ֤Լʵһ޵߶ɱԡ
˵¾ǰҲһ⡣Ǽ˶Ϊ¾̫׷ԡ¾Ѳڷ޵֪¾λħɵۣݵԸҲ¾¼ˡ¾ڲħͷкܶࡣ

ϾǣϾۡ
Ԫϡ
ڣԶ
ԵѲؿδ֮ȴսǱԵơЦ˵
ƣĿǰ¥;ԵĹϵ˵ǱȽϺʵġԵ֣Ҳܡ뾰ԸΪ׽ҲԵķС
Եѣ֮ǰ˵Ҫ¥ѰһЩԴûзϻֱӾ
ԣҪһЩĲϣЩѰҡڷ죬Ҳ¥Եͷ
£ֱóһƤᡣ棬¼˾ĸֲԴЩϣʩչŻ衣
ԪϽӵд򿪣Ŀɨӡ
΢΢һɫҲùŹ
ھԵҪž֮ǰ׼ǵϵĲϺһЩϣÿһǳԻá¥ĴԴУҲֻݲϵһңʣһ룬¥޴
¥룬ķǳԻáЩУеڷûг
еĹⰵ֮ûκһ֪ĵطܹⰵ֮ҵģ¥ҲŪⰵ֮ݲһЩ¥ϧһжδܵõ
ݲԪϵĺЩ
ѣ֪ݲϺѼԪϺ¥æҲҪԪһҪвռȫţҵپСԶԪЦЦ
˵΢΢ɳһ
Եѣ¥϶߾ȫѼ
˵ݲо¥ϣŪġԴʯ¥ȴûκΰ취ˡԴʯֻг١Ĵ¶Ū¥ڷ죬͸ûϣˡɫ˵
ԴʯȷʵŪûǸ
УѾɡУЩھʯҲ֧Եͷ˵
С¡Цһ
Ҳ˵Ҫ֧ھʯ
Ͼ嵥ϵĲϼֲֵ̫ˡֻǼֵھʯҲֱӲҪˡЩУмֵ۶ߴϰھʯ
ϵھʯ²٣ݲϣʮǧԵھʯֻǰĴģҲʣһڶ㡣
ڻȪʯԲۡȪʯԾԺҪҾԴ㽫ػ磬ҲһЩȪʯȥԼߵѩ߷ﻹԼĶŮʹȪʯԶ˵ǻȪ֮ˣȪ֮ǾԲܳ۵ġ
ԪϣϵھʯҲ̫ˡ
һ伮㿴ֵھʯһȡɫ伮
伮ϼ黯֮ǰ伮ϾһΣ洢໹ʹεӡ
ǡԪϽӹ伮΢΢һ
֪Ͽϼ黯伮ҪȻϾôͻȻϼ黯ģõ伮ǾҲ
ϼ黯
ڷ죬Ȿ伮Ƕһ޶ġκһ˵϶õϼ黯伮黯伮ü۷޵Ӷ⼸۷޵߽֮Ļ
ΪϾɹǰϼ黯ļֵȵԭ黯伮ͼǽϢȥĴᡣ
˵Щ¥Ǻõϼ黯¥ȻҵڲҲǳ츳ڵ޵ߡ


2257 黯
ǿ¥ڲԪҲλ仰˵¥һ𾳽޵߼붼Ǻѵġ¾ǿ΢һЩΪ¾ħɵ۴̷ͬѰң¾ҲǷʷΪƾõ֮һ
ԪϿеĺɫ伮۲úܡ
˵ܲ¥黯£ǣһ⣬ȷ黯ļ۸һͨ޵ߣ¥ǿƣһļ۸ҲˣǾȻѰ޵ߡ
ԪϺΪѡ
Ҫ˵¥᲻á
Ԫϵı飬ҲЦһ֪е뷨
ѣһ黯伮¥Ե
ֹ
ѣ¥ǷҲҪ黯伮Цʵ
⡭ٺ١
Եѣ˵ʵܾûвҪϼ黯Ц˵
ɣһ伮ųȥ⣬һϼ黯伮¥ڲΣ۾΢С
ھ˵һ黯伮ѶȲҪķѶʱ䡣
ʲô۾͵ĵԲ
һ
ʲô˼
ѵⱾϼ黯伮ǾԼģ
֮ǰԪȻ²⾰黯伮ôܲµԼ黯伮ΪǴʲôطԵɺϻϼ黯伮
Եѣ伮ԪסĿתžԡ
ţԵģҪһЩʱ䡣Եͷ
̫ˣԵѣģһȥ̰һⱾ黯伮ѹƷҪЩϣҿ϶¥Ѽھͻȥ͵ϢⱾ伮պã׵ȡԪһˡ
޲̾ͽⳡ֯
ȻһϹģô򵥾ܿҪ׼һ͵Ҫ׼ܶ࣬Ҫ㹻ϵεƷ
áٴε˵ͷ
գԪϾϾǣ¥ܲϳصܲϽܲϳԪټ顣¥ԪϣԪϴϢһҲܲѡ
ԪϣһȥϾǣȥˡ
ǰþ¥ɸΪ񲯣ȻΪ¥ȡһ򼶵黯
ǾԵʲôϼ黯
²˳٣ھͿʼ׼ɣ̴׼ٰˡԪϷ׷׿ڡ
ţ飬ͽλԪϸˡңרѼԵҪĲԴЩȻÿһǳ󺱼ϣŪġǱȫԸþԵʧԪ˵
Ӵ¥ʼٵת
ϾǣϾۡ
һ±ԺУԺϾʯߡ
ϾžԵ񣬺ܸӡ
ţöû˵
Ե飬Ͼһӡ
ϾվǿˣЩɬ
ҲѾ֪Ǵӻ޵ߡڻ磬Ѿе£λ¡˵
˵ҲںѾе¡Ͼ̵
Ĺ뷿Ծ˵ԼѾе¡
ǣҪ¡Ե
ϾٳĬ
Ը𣿡̧̧ĿϾ
Ͼû˵ȴ˵ͷʱϾĿѾһЩϲתֻǿĲ¶µȾԣ¾Ծܾ
ϾԭҴǰʳǣǰϯ¥ѰһЩϣҪһʱ䡣ʱ䣬һסɣԶϾЦЦ
סס㲻ססȻѾֲ֮Ķ֡Ǌ˹ʥ֣㶼ɱʵȲϊ˹ʥءϾͷ˵ɫ΢΢졣
ʱ䣬ԼסϾĸۡԪǱߵϢȻҲЩУҲ֪ҪѼЩѶȷǳԪҪ㹻ʱѰҡ
ϵϢûд¥ٰϢǴˡ
һ¥ٰܲһ͵ᡣ
ⳡܼ򵥣Ϣһ춼Ϊ֮һΪһϢ˵¥ϻһ黯伮һϼ黯伮
һϢ߲Уĺ䶯֪


2258 
ȻٰľδкܶĸѾִ¥ܲ
ʵЩСһЩҲŨȤԶͫƹܵĵڣҵ峤絽¥ܲ
Ӱ¥Ĺ֯үҲ׼
ԶͫͿƲ
ʵЩСһҲ֪Լϼ黯ϣ󣬵ֺĻܲȥԿҲո֡οϳֵĺöҲֻϼ黯˵ԴҲкܶࡣ
ЩСС¥ӴҲϸһλԪרŸӴЩԱ
¥ڲ
Ԫϣһ̸߽
ߣڵŵ׺
ڵţҲһ򼶵ǿ볿ŵƣԼؾ硣ȻڵŵǿʢԶǳŵܱȵġŵֻԶͫڵȴǰéĴ
սʵڵű¥Ҫǿ١
ڵŵ׺һλʵǿ֮ǿߡһҲҪ׺ӡ
ѣۡڵţּۻۡ׺Ԫ϶棬˵
֣ûа취ͲҪΪˡԪɬЦݡ
׺¥ܲĿҲϼ黯׺ûеʼģֱԪϣҪԪϽϼ黯ֱ
ϼ黯ֻһõϣֺܶıڵţⱾϼ黯Ҫõ
ѣ֮ǰѾ̽һЩϢ֪Ȿ黯伮Ǿġŵ˽ʲô㿪ۣҾǡ׺˵
ǸһΣ׺
֣Ķҿ϶ӡϼ黯Ҳһ¥ҲѶһļ۸˵ǾԵѵģ˽㣬ԵҲͬ⡣ҡҡͷ˵
׺ҲһѹĺԴȷʵܻ׺ӣڵϵҲ⡣ϼ黯ǷҲֻܶסѹ
ѣĲˣ׺ɫ
֣Ϊֻ˵ǸˡҡͷǸ˵
ǣ׺վ˳ȥ
ΪⱾϼ黯¥Ҫﲻ˰׺뿪һǵҡҡͷ
ǰĴֻ׺ĿǰΪֹѾмǿ֮޵˽ˣҪ黯ġֻӲͷƤܾЩˡ
ԪϡʱһԪ˽
ڤԪϡԷͷ
Ԫϣ׼ѾˡϢҲˡ룬ٰʱ䣬ºΣʱ䣬Ҳ㹻ЩңԶ޵ߵִ¥ܲˡڤԪ˵
ţҿԡͷ
ˣҸղſڵŵɫѿ˳ȥҲ黯ģڤԪ¶Цʵ
ǰ黯伮¥ΪѰѾǵĸ˽ҵˡεĵ
ԪϣҿҪôࡣκңܾǡȻвҲʲôⱾ黯伮¥׺ǰ¥ɲôڲ۰Ͱ͵ĵŰݷãڤ볤˵ΪЩ⡣
˵ҲǡҲЦ
Ԫϣ˵Ȿ黯伮һʲôļ۸񣿡ڤԪϿԪϡ
ϼ黯伮¥Ԥˡһ伮ǵ˴Ĵ
һµعƣֵҲǧھʯǧھʯɡϾⱾ伮̺۷޵ϼ黯۷޵ߣһ֮ܿǼֵɾͲǧھʯˡϾǰЩӷ񡣡
ǰǿ£⻹ֻϼ黯𼶵黯ǡڤ볤˵ţ̲סҡҡͷ
Ԫϣͽٰʱ䴫ȥڤԪֵ

ϾۡԵлȪʯԲԵٶȼ졣ңΪֱӻɵ۴Уһ̶ϣҲԷ׺Ͷȡ


2259 Ӷ
ʩչŻҪʩչ׹ҫ̵öࡣҪڵضԣҪķ׹ҫ
¥ٰڶ֮Ԫϱ̴Ѷ֪ͨ£˵ٰǰ죬Ͼȡ黯伮ԸԪϣҪ䲻ҪϾǣʱȥ¥ܲ
ԣҲμһ¥ᡣ¥ϻִԴҪģҲֽоġ
ʱһȥ
һգϾۡһˡϾĸۡݷϾ𣬶רҾԵġ
ֽҲһ֮ǿߡ
ڷҲǺܴ󣬲һʦлƹھ򡣶ңƢΪŹ֣¶棬ÿһ¶涼ܴĶ
ԭ򣬲ǿĸʵΪֵ̳֮ĵӡһ𾳽޵ߣܹ̳֮ͽܣȷʵǷǳ𺳵顣
ڷ죬̵ͽܵܶΪһ˵죬ûڽ̵ȡ
ųϢ˵Ҫյӣ̱츳ڵ޵߼ԴҲΪĵӡ
ңϾܹۡ˵£ü
֮ǰδ˵𣬻ܹ˵˸ۡ˳㽫ݱԽһ¡Բ֪ǻȴ֪ġϾʱ˵˵̲̣Щ޵߻һ˽ġ
û˵ʲô£ʡ
û˵ֻ˵Ҫ㣬˵ʦ˼ܹҡҡͷ˵
ţǲǻ˼ȻλˣܹҪһġԵͷ˵
ڸۡҵšϾˣѾӴܹܵ
ã͹ȥԵ
Ͼۡ㲻רݷϾģϾȻڸۡڣҲҪдġȻܾͻ䱳Ļв
Ƭ̺󣬾Ծ˸ۡĻҡ
ԵˡϾԽЦ˵
ڻڣ֮⣬Ȼһɫ۵ӡ˼ԽϾ˵Ļ΢΢һ£ȴûվӭֻ¶һ΢Ц
Լ̬ûб仯һЩġƺЩ
λͷľ԰ɣ˵ȵ
ҾǾԣ֪ʲô飿΢Цʵ
Ƕλ̸ҾȳȥˣʲôʱҼɡϾʹ˸ɫ˵仰˳ȥ
һֱϾ߳ȥŲջĿ⡣
һĻҲھĿС
˵ԵѼᣬһǱеĻҪᡣ
ڻȪ߻ܺںϾǻɱ¾Ċ˹ʥ֡Եѵʵǳֲĵ˵
ԸղԼʲô飬ûֱ˵˵˼俴ƹάĻֻȴǺǻУЩ
ˣֻһˡ԰ڰĵ
ǺǣԵǫ顣Եѣʦ𣬶۶ܸءٴ۾ĿⲻͣӾɨ
ҵҡԵ
𣬲֪ϾңΪ£ٴʵ
ȻոսӴѾȷϲˣҲö
Ŷ
ģ˵ϼ黯ĵ伮ҪΪⱾϼ黯伮֪ԵѿɷǮϣԵѿԷġ˵⡣
Ϊϼ黯
ʵ֮ǰѾȥ¥ܲԪϣҲ˽ϼ黯伮Ԫ̬ȺǿӲֱӾܾˣϾҾԡ
ȷʵһ黯伮Ȿ伮¥йҲĪҡͷǱȽί
ôһ˵ɫʱһԵúǲ˵ӡ
Եѣǰȥ¥ܲ˵伮ģûȨ伮˽ҡ֪׼伮¥ڱϾûôѵԵӶϢ΢΢ᣬ


2260 ˵˾͹
һЦ
ƺ뽫ԵСѹˡ
쵰ȥ¥ԪϣԪϾܾϾǣԲ࿴ˣһǴѹ˵ġ
ʲôӶ
һϼ黯伮ܽģ
ǰоѾܲˣҺվǺܲòģûԿͬһε޵ߡȻ쵰һֱϾ𿴣е̺ĶԵȻó
ڣѹˣȻûкȷв̬вˡ
ϾҾΪ£Ϊû飬Ǿұվ˵
Ȼһֺ̬߰αίߣ
ԣʲô˼
ʲôʲô˼˵ѵ黯伮򣬾¥һºϳ۾ġֻҪߣⷨ伮ȻġҲ
ǺǡЦݡ
ԣɲҪⷨ죬ҲӲʦӵģûˡʦǰҲÿͿġв
ǣûκκô
ùԹԽ黯伮ңʱʦǰ˵ûضõĪĺô
ܾǣҸҿ϶ڡİѾˡ
ǰӴ޵ߣῴʦ϶ܿγһϰˡ
˵ˣԺȵ
˵ˣ͹Ȼߡ
㡭Ϣͣɫ͵ĺ
ȫ΢΢תһɱͷųת˲ɱɢȥˡ뵽¾˹ʥ־ھԵС
˵ʵȊ˹ʥֻ硣ȻҲ𣬵õӡƷȽϵ̤֮ͣʱȻ̣ս֮޵ֻеƫ¡˹ʥ֣ȴеƫϡ˹ɱԼҲǾԶ֡
Ŭסŭ⣬ɱ⡣
񣬺ߣǵƣһݻ˻ң뿪Ͼۡ
𣬶ûϾ
ʲôһڡ
Բùǲǻ˼ǻ˼Ҳں¾Զɱʥ֣ûӹʲô
ңõϼ黯Լôһ³çĵӹⲻҲǿ
ԣʲôˣϾ½ҡ
Ȼ뿪ңҲһֱעߵŭ뿪ҡңղҲ
Լ˵һ龭
̫ˡΪԼܺзˣҪǻʲôϾҲǺһ䡣
Ͼֻоԡ˵ܾʲô֧֡˭ԾȶԼ񻹷ŭ
˵˻𣬵Щ鷳ü
ҿҲһǻ˼ȻƢŹֲദɴ·񿴣ӦҲϲ˵ˡϾ˵
šԵͷ
֮ǰʳǣʳǵõʵʱ򼴱ԸǿҲԱ֮ˡɱ𼶷ܱȵġһ̶˵Ҫߡ
Ϊ깥ǳ⣬ֵסǾǱɱĽܶʱ㲻֪ͻᱻɱܵĻᶼûС
ûлֻƾֲڵ깥ɱܶϼ޵ߡ֮µ޵ߣ򼸺ȫ˲ϢɱȾջƷһĻ¾ǲ֮ǿߣϣԻ˲Ϣɱ
һº󣬾뿪Ͼǣǰ¥ܲ
Ͼ;ԳϾǣɫǲᡣֻǣ뿪
ԣһȥӣأЩԴ͸ǡϾ˵
Ͼ˽һЩԴ͸ӣصӣңӣϾƹܵһ塣Ըյ򣬾ӣҲҳΪӣҵſ͡ԾԵ΢ָһ㣬㹻ӣ׳󵽳ΪϾƹܵڶˡ
ϾһġϾ
ҵ㡣Ͼͷ
Եִ¥ܲ󲻾ãʽʼ
᳡һ֮ڣԿ·̨в٣ʹðģҪôԣҪôʵǿ


2261 ķ伮
ܿʽʼֱģһλ¥Ԫϡɴ˿ɼ¥Աӡ
¥ԪϾ֮ǿߣɲ
ʼ¥øϡеԴ֤ԼΪҵѵһı½ųصǿ޵ԼԱЩҲǳļҡ
ȻУһЩǽҪĿϼ黯ϣΪμӱ࣬вٳ֣оȻǳļҡ
˼ҵĳ棬¥߲ҲЦúϲ£졣黯伮ڣǲ˶Լǿ޵߲μӵġ
ڰڣÿһƷῴһֱûг֡ЩƷȻ󣬵ǾԵĿǰΪֹδԼǳҪõı
ΪƷڶ࣬ԱʱҲȽϳڵٶȣԼҪʮҵʱ䣬Ż᳹׽
ʱһζ
ǰһζûг֡
˵죬Щ仯
λͬʱ䣬Ὣ뵽᳡λԪЦ˵
ǰʱ䣬ƷһЩࡣӵҲǽ쿪ʼῪʼַ伮Ȼܹķ伮ƷԲͣҲϲεġң̫Ѱϲη伮ܶûʸΪƷ
ǲҪǱϼ黯伮ˣ˴ʵ
ڳˣ̶䡣
Ϊϼ黯μӱˣ۾ʼ⡣
Ǻǣϼ黯伮ѾܴǷ伮ˡԣ¥ΪƷͬЩ伮¥ԪЦ˵
ôһ˵ܶ˶¶ʧɫҲǵԤ֮Сϼ黯ļֵҶ֪¥ȷʵ̫ͽ黯ųġ

ƷȻһַ伮Щ伮״һеʯе鼮еˮӡҲйͬ㣬ǵĲʶǲġ
ҲӦһЩ伮Ѱ˼š
ڵĹֶΣֻл֮ԼϼϼķѾ޷㾰ڵľΪˡ
Ȼ֮ԴȷǳµĹֶΣЩֶαϾԴġĿǰյĹֶΣҲõõӦ֣ħӡɱйеȣȫյġɲԴķ϶ϸܴﵽ
֮϶ȴֻϲΡ
ԾڿǣҪ֮ļ𡣵Ҫһϼ黯𼶣ϼ黯ԴģѶҲǳĴ
Դ๺һЩϼ黯黯ȻŽ֮𼶡֮𼶣Աع㣬֮еܾڴħӡɱܻ֮ȴħӡɱҪǿҪǣ֮еںϣϿԴﵽΪֲĵز
ħӡɱ޷໥ںϹ
ɵ۵Ĵ֮ԴȻƥɾڻֻʩչ׹ҫǵڶŻ֪ҪȵʲôʱʩչԣҲܽϣ֮Դϡ
ֳ伮Ѿʼġ
ûмų֣Ҫ伮ҲҪķ伮ʱԼԵķ֮һΪȻʱͿռ䷨Ϊġ
Ҫ֮ΣΪݵ;ǴԺʱ֡
伮ܶ࣬вԺʱԵġÿķ伮֣Ծͻ۾ģֻҪ۸̫ףᾺ
ϵķ伮ϲεģҲǷǳǿϼ伮׾൱
ڷ伮ר󣬾һ˾űϼ伮屾𼶷伮ʮ౾伮ҲǼ˾İٶھʯһ𼶵ķ伮Ϊ󣬵һ˾ԽӽھʯȥⱾľűϼı𼶷伮һҲһٶھʯļֵ
Щ伮ҽ֮ļΣӦþⲻˡ
ȻҪЩ伮ȫղС۾΢΢
ֻҪгԴټϻȪʯĸЩϼ𼶷Ծ˵ѶȲ󡣸οʮַ伮ԺʱԵģЩ棬Ե츳Ƿǳߵġ


2262 ۸
伮ר󣬱Ƿר
Եı׽ֻϼڷרϣҲ𼶷εķҲСԿ˿Ҳûǿҵľ뷨ʹñ׽Ѿܾˣ׽ĽҲദá𼶵ķȷʵһĹﵽΣһӰ첻
Ժһ¶׽ɡԳ˾
ʱһȥ
һ졣
ϼ黯伮ΪѹƷȡ˳
λѡ
Ȿ伮ϼ黯伮Ȿ伮̺Լ޵ѧϰ˷
ϼ黯ļֵ壬ҾͲŪ˵ˡ֪ڳܶͬרΪ˴˷λϼ黯嶼ǺǣϾΪ˴˷ڶ̶ʱ֮
һƬȻһЩ֪Ͼ黯Ҳкܶ˲֪
棬Ȿϼ黯ĿʼƷ׼ۡ¥ԪЦ˵
Ʒ׼ۡ
¥ϼ黯šһ˵Ʒе׼۵ģ¥ٰᣬƷǺÿһкܶҪĵģһҲ᲻׼ۡһһһôһƷûʲô˾ô׼۾Ϳܴܴʧ
˵¥רŪһЩС̧ۣǲеġμģ򶥼εĴЩǿ¥ôˣôҪ¡һ֤ݣ¥鷳ʹˡ
죬黯¥׼ۡ
ԵѣⱾ黯伮ǱһƷˡԪڲ֮ǰ˾Եİڣʱ΢Ц˵
šԵͷ
ʱľԣҲƽȻܶʾ˶ϼ黯ġǣϾ۸ûҲȷⱾ伮һļ۸Ȼ˵黯ûʲôѶȣȫԶʱܶ࣬Բ黯
һϡΪ󡣶黯ģܻܿһЩƽ⣬ܻñȽ϶޵߿֮
ѣΪⱾ伮ɽۻﵽھʯԿԪʵ
ҵжϣҲǧھʯ֮ϣпܴﵽǧھʯԪ˵
֮ǰжϹϼ黯ĳھʯھһھ˵˳
ϣ˰ɡٴεͷ
·ֳѾʼΪ޵׼ۣԸտʼʱ۲̫ңҶһЩСڳۡЩ֪Լϼ黯Ҳ㱨۴ո֡
һھʯ
ھʯ
ھʯʼıֲۣߣֻǼھʯѡ
˼ʱ䣬ϼ黯伮ļ۸ʮھʯ
˷ʱ䣡ʱһ֮ǿһ
Ŀһɨ󿪿ڱۣھʯ
ھʯȻⱾ黯伮֮ǿ߱ۺ󣬱
ھʯĳۣЩݰ˵ˣһڣҲ֪һĳԱƺλй׵ǿ϶
ƨ£Ȼǳ
һǧھʯ¼۸ģλˡ
һǧھʯ۳ЩСͶĬˡһǧڵھʯЩСܴճҲܳЩС඼ԶͫҡӰ¥൱εģһǧھʯȷʵܴճɡһóôھʯתӰ졣
һǧھʯһڴе޵߱ۡ
˴ɴ̬һŮԣƺĳɢޡһϼɢޣóһǧھʯЩԾˣڵۣ̽ɴŮӵƺû֪
һǧھʯʦⱾ伮Ȥһ
žЩ죬˵ĻƲƲⱨ۵ˣǰȥϾǵ
˾ʱȻʦŴΪЩЦˡ
ڳôԣЩƽʱ𼸷ӣǾ˷ϼ黯ʱ̧ţֻȡЦ
ǴԵһ䡣
λˣΪǻӣټҲ֮۵ʲôطһ㶼ᱻΪϱԣҲܶʱ뵱Ȼ뷨ԪЦ˵


2263 
ˣ͵òء˼Ҷ̬ȿ붼ǿʦӡʧôضжٴΪϱĸʵҲͱЩûӡαǿһΰˡ
ԪϵĻҲҲܲϲ
һǧھʯϼ黯ΡԪ֮Աǵĵ
ȻԪϻ䣬˳۵һǧ˰ھʯ
˳۳Լɫ΢΢һ鲻á
˭ۣҲţͳȵ
û˻Ӧ
Ȼû˻Ӧ⣬̴һڴµıۣ±Ϊǧھʯ
ɫǺ죬˵ˡڿӵȻֹһ
ǧһڣ
ǧڣ

ǧڣϼ黯ļ۸񣬼
ȻûеͼۣҲûͼӼ۵ƣЩ黯伮ˣǷպյĴڣȻһļӼۣǸˡ
ĳ۴ﵽǧھʯ󣬾Ҳ¶ЦݡǧھʯѾﵽԤڡֵھʯҲ㹻ʩչŻˣǲҲ˶١
˵Ժ¥һϼ黯伮¥ļǮҲܱȾļ۵Ͷ١
ǧھʯǰһǿ˱ǧھʯֱֺ̱ӼӼһǧھʯ÷伮ļ۸񣬴ﵽǧ֡
ĵЩЩСĳԱ϶ʵʵλϿˡǣѾȥˡǧھʯЩóСûʵҿƣǧھʯҲⱾ黯伮
̫ˡ
ǧھʯ
Դˣ޵ϣʮϼ޵ߡ
Ǻǣʮ޵ߣܺһ֮޵߱𣿡
Ȿ黯伮λоԵ޵óģˡǧھʯڷҲûܱھʯˡ
ĽˡǾ¾Ċ˹ʥֶɱʵǿƥЯھʯ˭иҴ⣿˵˶׽û¾ûʲôӦ𣿡
УһЩ
Щ۵ʱϼ黯ļ۸֮Сһ۸Ǵﵽǧھʯʱ򣬾۵ƵʲŽһЩƺ˳ᡣȻǷǳУԴ޷ʱڱھʯģҺܶԴҲ޷ЩڲҪԴάת
黯伮ļ۸ﵽǧ֮󣬱ֻʣڻ۾۸̧ǧھʯ
λϢȴˣòôھʯ˵ǧڣǧòȥϾҾԣ˽ﹺ黯伮˵þ㿪ۣʵλҲһǧھʯ
ֹʮʱ䡣
ϼ黯ᣬǳ䶨յļ۸ͣǧھʯ
¥λԪϣϼ黯伮ɽ֮С
ԵѣϲϲԪ϶ԾԹֹء
ԭƲ⣬Ȿ黯伮ļ۸ǧڵǧھʯ֮ǰڿҵжЩˡԪϸп˵
黯伮̫ˣϼ黯伮¶ҵϡΪټ¥֯ĳۡЦ˵
ǰȻϼ黯伮Ҳȷʵܴɽ֮õⱾ伮Ϳ¶ʱڳһ֮޵ߡ
޵Ҫ̫֮ˣ黯ҲѿǵϾ֮ܿ黯Ĺ͡˵Ҳʵ
ԪҲͷ
ϼ黯ȥ֮ҲͽˡǽƷЩǰμ޵½ȥ
Ҳ뿪¥ܲϳһʱ䡣
һԪϱǧھʯҾԡ
Եѣǧھʯ㿴ԲԡԪϵһ﷨ݸԡ
Խӹһɨûд
ѣίƷ¥ӦȡһõİɣЦʵ
£ٲ˵ġ¥շѻԽϸߣһҲǰٷ֮ʮҲһɵĳɽڣԵھʯǧڣδ۳κηá


2264 
۳һɵѣҲ߰ٶʮھʯ
Ե¥ѣﾰԵһ伮С£̸ʲôáԪæ֡
ʵϣ߰ٶڵھʯԪ¥ȻҲ¡¥ڲٿԪϻ˴£һλ¥Ԫϵôͳһ
߰ٶڵھʯ¥˵Ҳһܴˡңһ⣬Ӧ¥󣬲вϼ黯伮ľ
ЦЦҲûٶ˵
Ԫϣϼ黯伮Ѿˣ㿴ȡһɫ伮
ϾʱԾͳڶϼ黯伮̺㹻޵˷
Ԫ΢΢һ㶡
û뵽Իôϼ黯伮ȻԴӦһ黯¥ԪʶΪҪϺܳʱ䡣
ԪϱǴϲĽӹ黯伮΢֪̽еĵ伮ȷʵϼ黯
Եѣ⡭̫ˡԪ΢΢
¥񣬾£֮ǿԲλⱾϼ黯伮¥ðһ֮޵ߡ¥ڲԼ޵ߣ۷εв١
ԵѣⱾ黯伮¥ҲǧھʯΣԪƽžԵ
ǲ̫ʡ
ѣⱾ黯伮ǧھʯ¥һ̧˵
ôʣԪͫ׶Ŵˡ
ǧھʯⱾ黯伮͵¥ʡ˳ǧھʯ
ô˵ˡ
ԪҶ¥һ󡣡Ե
Եֻ˵ֻҪ¥ԪϾͲظ֤ˡ
ڽڣ뿪һʱ䡣֮ǰ¾¾㱨ȴΪҲңȥϾ鷳ϣ¾ôʱ¥ܳ¾ʩһЩӰ졣Ի˵
Ҫȥʳǣƨˣ¾ǿҪϾ𱨸ֻϾ𶥲סԶͫæҲԿ⡣һһǣ󣬺ܶʱҲɼ¥棬ҲܰĲ١
˵仰Ԫ΢ԥһ£ܿ˵Եѷģ¾ʲôֱϾ¥ܲ¾ٷѵ¥ܲɣǻں
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ãллԹ֡
Բ¾Թ𣬲ԲΪвжʵһ㣬Գ֣δϾ֡𱳺λȻƢ죬ͨĹȥΪ̫Ͼ֡
˵ǾԵϾǻôҲڽϾͷϡ
ԪϣǰѼǷݲôˣתʵ
Щ̫ϡȻѾѼмֲδáԴʯ֮⣬һֲûлáֲУѾüĿֻҪ㹻ʱ䣬ܹŪ֣֡ҪʱСԪü˵
ȽѾõĲϸңʣµѼ˵
ʱ̫̣Ҳûھܽݲϴ롣Ҿܴ룬Ҳ޷ʩչŻΪյԵԴʯڷͲڡ
áԪϵͷ
ѾѼĲϣֵͳǧھʯʱûлõģҲҪǧڵھʯŪ֡
²ϣֱӽǧһھʯԪϡ
ΪѼЩϣϾǳɱۣ¥δݲ׬ȡ
ԪϣǰǷݲ֮⣬һҪ¥һʲϡ嵥㿴һ¡ȡһ嵥
ԪϲԽĻһ¡
Щˡ
ҪĲϣսľЩ϶̫ϡкˡһݲδ׵ԾȻóһ嵥
嵥ϾͻָЦݡ嵥ϵĲϣԾͺ׻ˡ濴󣬱֪¥ĴУ嵥ϵвԴ
һҪĲϣЩķǱֵӽھʯ𼶷Ĳϣ¥Ҳ򵽣޷ǾǰһЩ
Ǳ𼶷ֽоһԵ𼶷ܣǴħӡɱȲϡļֵҲǳħӡɱһء


2265 ׷
ݴһλɵʱ䲻ڸ涼Ѱ𼶷һءΪˣĳӽھʯļ۸ħӡɱǵȰԵֵҲһھʯѡ
վȲ˵ⷨܲܶ𼶻֮аҲԲٵս
Եѣ嵥ϵвϣڱ׼áԪɵ˵
ˡԵͷ
ʱ䣬ҾԣΪ˴ĲԴԵڶҪĲϣԪ׼÷ǳȫЩϼ𼶷ϣԷΪӴʵｻ׻¥˵ȷʵѡ
ΪЩϣ֧ھʯȻǲϵĳɱۣɱ˹ôҪھʯɾͶˣǵǧھʯ¡
ѣҾ뿪¥ˡֲϣѰ˵
ԵѷġԪЦ˵
գ뿪¥ܲ
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һϼ黯ĳǧھʯڶ¥ǧھʯһǧھʯ
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Դߵھʯǧ֮߰ࡣ
һֲܿ֡
ȻˣԪϽֲҲҵ󣬾ԻҪΪ֧һʾ޿ֲΪÿһֶ䰺󡣹ֲϣ¾Ҫǧھʯ£һǧھʯ
뿪¥ʱԪϵ¥ĲԪϣͱԡ
뿪¥ܲ󣬾óԶͫ͸ħ
˵еʳǣ
ֻӵħ޵ߣܽʳǵ
ȡħ̽Ƭ̺üͷ
ħԿһƷȻ졣Ծڵ𼶷Ҳܶʱڿ͸ħȴȫһͷˮ
Ի֪Ҫ鿴ħǻþеġһЩ֮޵߲鿴һֵѣУ޷о
е
ʳǣȷʵ򵥣²ǻĳô򵥡תѰ˼š
ȻܿħĹ죬Եûķ̫ʱ֪÷ħʵһͱֻ뷨ѰĴͷһ
ֻҪħӦþֱӽʳǵˡ԰
ҲʳǾڴ֮ǰȻҲͨһЩ;˽⣬ڷУʳµĺۼ١ȻҲһЩʳǵĴţЩжٿŶȺ˵
Զͫ˼ǣڷʷϣõħ޵ӦûһЩġЩ޵еǰʳǺûеĻȴʳǵڲᣬʸڷԼȥʳǡ
Ȼкܶõħ޵ߣṫ˵ȥʳǶ֪ȻҲͲѯʳǵ
ˣôˣȻҪ귨ʳǾڱСڵʵһǿ߸вҡʳǵĻ޿£ҵ꣬治»ޡ۾
߶ħ

һε٣ٰסԡ
ת˲ǸطһѾʧ١ռڣֻµڿɢĲдռ
ھʧ󲻾ãһɫӰڸ
ɫӰϸѲ鸽ȷʧˡ
ȡѶ
磬ǾԲˡɫӰѶ˵
ѶĶ¾һλʥ֣ʮʥһʥ֡
ʲôһʥͳ
ӦʹħˡɫӰ
ɫӰҲ¾ʥ֮һˣóյҲ֮յϵ̫ࡣˣҲ¾Ϊó׷ٵʥ֡¾⣬鱨ɱȵȣԶͫİӰ¥ơӣ¾רŸ鱨׷١߸ˡ
һʱ䣬ר׷پԡ¾Ȼкܶó׷١ɱյĺ֣ЩԵһЩ׷پԣܻܿᱻ֣λʥֲ¡
ԣûзִˡ
һշ̫ˣȻ귽ǿƥǱϾϲ


2266 ٻ
ɱ¾Ċ˹ʥ֣¾ưոݣԳ洦£¾ʱҪŪԡ
ֻǾʵȷʵǳǿ¾Ҳ׾Ͷ֣Ҫʮ׼һ֣ǾһɱҪԮС
׼ҪһЩʱˡ
¾棬Ϊó׷ٵӰħʥָžԣʱȷԵȥһŪԵ׼
֣һʥһ䡣
¾棬̽˾ħԶͫ͸ԵġԾʹħǰʳǣ¾֮ǰԤ㣬Ҳû뵽Իôǰʳǡ
磬ֻʱˡʳǡûа취ˡӰħʥּ˵
ţȻɡһʥֵ

ǡԴܻ
һڲ
ֻǿռڣŷǳ
ֻоһˡĽ£ܼ·ȥһִơԿһᣬǿ
ҡҡͷ׼ȳʲôӡ
һȥ
ˣ
ھӰӽŵʱһɺ嫵ĿӿԵ壬޷壬ı˻ȥ
ʲôЩ¡
óȥٴν䱸Ĵܻ
ԣ
һδ߶һȥӽţǹٴγ֣޷ǰС¾ԼĴ߶޷̤Ű벽ˣƺеĽԱ˻
⵽ʲôֵطЩˡ
䣡ֱĳһƣħӡɱʩչռ͵һ£ǹ֮ǰ赲뿪ҲǱǳҫĿĹԡ
ƽ󣬾Եüͷ𡣴ħӡɱ޷ǹֵ
ֳԹطһ֣ڴϺһڳȥвͨ
ѵһ壿
ħ壿ǡҲеʳǵ޵߻ŻȥԿת
ȥҲزȥüͷ
ħڼ󣬳һԴ͵ħֱӾͽʧˣھطҲǲС
һ󣬾΢Ϊռڳǹ뿪֮⣬ûΣգԲδܵκιֻҪĵţǹҲӰ
ȵȿɣ
壬ˣӦҲʲôĿİɣĿģܻġ԰
ͷת󣬾ֱĿ
Դ㣬㱻סһʱ䣬ҲӰ쵽ȡ

С㣬ôżѽ
УӰٷС
һǳ̳ȹŮӣᡣһˣ۵ߡʱ˵ƺȹŮΪС㡣
㿴ǸٻˡȹŮӿ˵ǿҵһٻ޵ء
΢΢ҡͷϻǴŵЦ⡣
˵ٻ޵ߣʵȹŮʵ
ͱ飬Щ˷ܡ
˵ܼħ͹ʵӦò̫Ҿ֪ܵõħˣһ㶼ǱȽϳڵġЩС߼лԵõħҲᱻߡ˵
ţϣǿһЩܹǡȹŮӵͷ˵
ǾͿ쵽İʮˡȹŮӿǰ˵ҵڶء
˵䣬Ѿܹ·ĵ졣
ûǾһ졣ܣĺ󡣴˾ںϷеġ
ֹһʱ䣬䵽ϣǰԶһɫ
ʵΣǲǱСٻǱٻܾҪȺܳһʱˡٻ޵ߣڼĶСЦ˵
ǿɣҶȲٻ޵ʲôˡҲ֪ŮỹϡȹŮӵ
ãͽȥЦŵͷ
˽ɫܴڵĹûֹ˵Ľ롣
ţ
ڵľԣȻ˫Ŀо˴۾
ӰվڴŴһһ٣˶
˫ӣһʱ䵹Ƕû˵Բ֪ݣʶľж˵ʵΪȷǲҪֲɱ
ŮӣʵǺǿߣʵȴܿ£ʵ֮޵ߵǰС԰


2267 ֿ
ھԹ۲ʱҲڹ۲쾰ԡ
ȹŮݣ۾žһЩɫڽ֮ǰͲ²ⱻԼٻ޵ʲôӣ˺ֿܶܣԺЩ⡣ΪԿ̫ˡ
ʱ򣬾ͻȻһһʵǿߡֻ˫ĿеĹâתǵþһƺһֱԷĸо
ǡѵһʶš
ȹŮתĿߵߡ
ߵ˫Ŀָ˵С㣬ٻͺᣬʵԣϼ޵ߡܴͣﵽڤվΣҲǺˡС㣬ʵ㲻ûдﵽҪ뽫ߣǾͽͻ죬ٻ޵ߡ˵
λС㣬ٻһ֮޵ߡڼ֮ǰͲֹһεԼٻһ֮޵ߣʵǿıٻߣҲܰļ׳ʵ
ţվڴλãüͷٶ
˵ʱֱˣԼƷͷģȻȫںԼ뷨˵ʲôСԼ⣬ͽԼͻ졣Լ죬ǰװ˷ħ
Ҵ˵ĻԼƺǳΪٻߣλɫȹСٻλСϣٻ֮޵ߣԼڤվЩﲻҪ
Ȼٻˣߣ᲻̣ܲ㲻˵޵ߵõħõħ֪ķ˶ĴءȹŮӿź˵
С㣡Ƕٻߵʵ⣬Ǿͽͻȥ㲻ҪˣҲôġҪ㽫˴ôħ޷ˡǽͻȥôħۣٴٻµ޵߹˵
ˣʹ߰ɣ㿴ҲֿġȹŮ˵ʱ˿ԡ
̲ס˷ۡ
ֿģ
ôͳɹֿˣ
ͨ˶ԻԵǿࡣ˶Լƺ޶⣬ߺҲֻ˵Լ졣
Сơ΢Ц
ʲôӺζȹŮתĿʵ
ԣӷԻӦ˵
ע⵽ͨòϻһЩġǵĶĺԣͨԲ󡣳֮⣬طͨһ
죿
Ǳٻ޵ߣһҴ뿪ɲܳȥܣҪСֻһħˣҲٴٻˡȹŮӵ
С㲻õܵǴ뿪ҪԲСԸԣֻط졣˵ˡ
ʲôԣԵ
ǷҪСЧһʱ䣬С㲻Υ
ʲôü
ʳ귨ģɲūġ
ԵոսʱȻΪӣҵſͣӣҿûҪЧҡȻΪſͣҲкܴɶȡſͲūͣſ˸ӽӶĹϵ⺣ҪԼģƺǵλСū͡
ˡ
ӷӦ֪ħ󡣡
ʳǵħǹ̶ģ޵ܵõħһ׵顣֪ܲʳʮ壬ħͬǳ󣬱ҲѵõħĻᡣ
㲻ԣһһ뿪ǵʧ̫ˡС㣬Ҳʧȥٴٻ޵ߵĻᡣ
Ҫ㷢Ĳ˼ֻҪСЧһʱ䡣ңǲҪʲôֵ顣Ȼһμ棬ӦҲóСĵط죬ôҪȥ飿˵
Գ
⺣ĻȷʵһЩ
ԵõħҲףԶ֪ͫҪβҵħλץסôһξͲ֪Ҫʲôʱٵõħˡʳǣͺҵ귨ڸƷʵĻ͸Իˡ
ݾʲôɷ˵˵Գʵ
ԣû⣡ͷ
ͽԵ˵һ¡ݻɣֻҪλСЧʱþЩ޷ܡ
һ޵߻㳤ɾԲʳǴôʱ䡣


2268 ֮
ʱϵƣ涼á
ΪλСЧҲ⡣ͨλСħʳǣʳǲϤҲҪҸŵú˽ʳ˵
ҲλСӦǳһǺԾǱСġǴǿΪ
һ̫꣬áԵ
ϣǶʱ䣿ʡ
һɣ˵
˵һ꣬Цһ
С㣬ҿǽͻȥɣЧһʵȽ϶ˣȻֻЧһꡣȹŮ˵
ԣΪǰ׼Чһ治㳤ġܶ౻ٻ޵ߣҪΪٻǵЧǧ껹ءȹŮӿž˵
ԣһ겻ٶˡֻط죬ٻ޵߹ڤվʵϲռơ֮ǻһЧʱ䡣
һ顣
ǿΣȷʵڤվ֮ҲܽӽˡǱ¾ʱ䣬һġڽ֮󣬼ΪСЧһʱ䡣һֱ֮ܽһֱСЧ˵
飬Ҳ˼ǵġҲ֪ҪԼЧʱ䣬ȷʵ㳤ĲʳǴôʱ䡣
Է飬ôЧʱ䣬֮ʱҹˡ
ԵĻȹŮӶһۡ
ԣ㵹ǺŰƶԼڶʱڿ֮ѾϾ磬Ӧ֪֮жôѡ
֪Լܹ֮Եͷ
ãȻˣͰ˵İɡЦ
ԣһ˳
֮ȹŮֱ̧ۣһ㣬һ֣ھԵϡԸо΢һ仯ûΣԡ
ڣǿ뿪ˡȹŮ˵
߰ɣžԵ
ԸŵȥһιȻûг赲뿪ȹŮһ㣬ӦĳֶΣñٻ뿪
Բŷһ졣֮⣬һƬɫ
뿪죬½طȥ
ԣڿʼСĻСΣգ߾ȫС㡣
ȻԵͷ
ӷʳӦ˽ⲻࡣھ˵˵ʳǵ
ʳǵ򣬷Ϊʮ塣ǰ׼ңʮе֮塣֮壬ǰ׼ҲǶǺǣǶҲ޷õħٻ޵ߵʸ񡣡

һ߷Уһ߶ԾԽʳǵĴ
ٻ½ظ뺣ûʱ䣬˱ѾԿ֮½ء
ʳǵĻ޺ܶɣʡ
ʳǣΪľǻ
ޣתĿ˾һۡ
ʳǵĻޣȻҪöࡣʳǣͨ޵߶ࡣϾ̫̣ܹ̫ˡˣǱȽʺģȺУģҲͰٷ֮һӡҾҲֻսΪͼĻ˵
Ҳпȷʵ̫ˡո߼Ѷȸ
ǻʳǣӦúҵɣʡ
ԣĪҪʱѾʶҪʲôˡ
ٻʳǺвٶĶ٣Щٻľ͸ˡЩٻߣռֻܷһЩ뿪ʳǵıٻߣһЩʳԲȴ쳣Դ
ȷʵɴ뷨ԵҲûʲôġ
ǺǡЦһ
ѡǰ׼ңжֻ伮ҪŪһҲ̫ѵ顣ʧܵ׼˵
ס۾һ
ԭΪҪŪǳѣû뵽ڰ׼ҾлһŪĻԼӦúܿͿĻ˰ɣԼ壬ջʱ򼴱ѰԼĻҲܵӰɣ
֮壬׳ǣ׼Ҹۡ
֮ҲһƬĵ֮壬ͬвٳС׳ǣڰ׼ҵĳУ׼ҿ˵ƿһС
ʳǵأ޵ֻͨħ룬ʵʳǵĹܣͬС졣
ԸŰױ׼ҸۡǰױݣԺһʱڣҲǰ׼һˡ


2269 
׼Ҹۡһ¥ڡ
ף͸һöɣױ˵
˵Ķһòŵģ޵ߣǰױĸףҲǰ׼ҵļ
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2270 Թ
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伮볣淨伮ƣҪĵ伮ڵһ伮̺꣬Ȿ伮Ҳʧȥֵˡ
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ЩˣһЦۡ


2271 
䲻ǰ׼ұˣ׼Ҳãʵףڰ׼ŽϸߵĵλһЩ׼ұӣԿҲǷǳ
Ҵڤվ޵У֮嶼Ǹεġǰ޵ߣҪܿ󶼲׵顣
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2272 ٻһ
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2273 Ӱɱ
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Ӱɱ󣬾Եľһɽ˺ܶ࣬ø׻ˡ


2275 ޷
Դ޵һÿһԽϡ
ڻ磬ǳƺƿ߲ҲڤվΡ֮Ҳ޾顣Լݳϼ黯⵹ڿ·һ򡣵ˣȻߵúܼѣҪ
֮ǰĽȣҪ̤֮ȷʵҲҪʱ䡣
Ӱɱ֮һ֮ϣɳ˺ܶ࣬þǰ˺ܶࡣ
һһʮ౾Ϻ𼶷
ܹԼ𼶷ôĿо
һڤվ޵ߣ𼶷Ժš
ʷϣ̶ֳȵҲǷëǣһʱܶҲһ
Ҫ֪޵Ҫϼķ׵飬˵ϼ޵ߴ𼶷ˡ
Ǵȥ϶û˻š
ԣȴҪһԡϾƾյĴ죬ݡ֮Ǹһ·ǿȫ򼶷Ļ֮ǵķѡ
Ҳ˵֮лģȫܵġ
ܴ𼶷֮Ҳͺܽˡпܣֱӽ˿֮
óһϼķ伮ֽ˷ȡ
ʱ䣬մ˷ԷɡټϣֻϼķԾڵʵɱȵ׾ɶˡ׾ҲûĶʱ䡣
ʱƣһϼ黯һһաȻ󣬾Կʼ𼶵ķ⼸𼶵ķգܻڴħӡɱ֮ϡ
ʩչʹħӡɱϣչֳ¾ЩȽǿҲ˱ᡣ
Դ㽫ŵٽ

׼Ҽ
һӰ첽˽
Ӱ΢΢
һ׷ߣϢȻҲһλ֮ǿߡ
׳ϣΣλ׳ϣһʵ
˳
ӴԺǰ׼ҿɾͳǲƴ˵ˡ׳˵
µﻹܹ˼ôࡣֻҪƴ˿ϳ׼ұԲƴհҲ޷̾һ鵹ɳһӡ
׳ϣˣȥϢɡ˵
á׳Ӧ
׳뿪󣬰һڷھþûж
һʱ䣬׼ͷϣʵѹһɽ˼޷Ϣ
׼ҵһֲ
ϢҪ԰׼ҽб£֮嶼֪ܶ˶˵һΰ׼군ˡǸϣҪǷǳѡ
ҲȹϵϣֹͨϵķѲԴò׵õһԷĻᣬԷȴð׼ҸͲܽܵ
⳥Դ˵ֻҪ׼ǵóҲȱǿöࡣɶԷҪ콫ױ͸ԷôܴӦ
׼ҲܴӦԷҪ֣Ҫ׼һ壬Ҫ׳Ϊƽء׳ڵˣҪ
Էδ˵ʲôʱ֣ǰȴ֪Էʱ԰׳жԷһжǾǰ׳ǵĩգ׳ǽûеֵ֮
ѣ׳ȥһλһλ֮вƵĴ֮壬ҲֻвƵȼܹﵽ׼ҽһεΣ
׳ϻǸһ㲻Ϣƴ˴ӦԮȻƴ˴ӦԮȻʳԣ԰΢˿Ȼòƴ˰Ĵۺܴ󣬰׼ҴӴԺҪڲƴˣҲܱȱ屻Ҫǿöࡣ
ú󣬰콫׳ϴϢ߲ԱϢҲɳһ
вƴǸӦûɵɣĶ԰׼Ұ׳ǳˣƴӦҲа취סǸλƴˣǿվ֮۷Ĵڣǿƣڲƴ˵ĳжʮ֮ࡣ
Щ飬ҲͰ׼Ҹ߲ȽЩеͲԱӴЩصϢҲ˵ǸҪ԰׼Ҳǲ֪׳ڵЩ޵ߣҲǺ
ڰ׼ľԣǺ֪Ѿܾû뿪ˣһֱЩǧıչؿޣֻʣǿҲյľδա
ȻȪʯĺܶ࣬ôʱ˶෨ΪһЩȪʯҲȫֵõġ


2276 Ĳ
ǰʮַ˳ھԿʼվʱȴϰѡ
лԷԵ츳ǺܸߵģɼˣȻأϧʹø߼Ȫʯ޷ȵļӿվȡ
ǱȴħӡɱҪǿķ
дλڣϻԪɾɵ֮λˡ
䲻ڷҲǺȺһˡҪգѶȺܴ󡣿£ҪԵСת˼·òǿȥˣֻķѸʱ䡣
ʩչ֮ԴҲҪ㹻Ե䲻ǲȴѰܱȡڻԵϳɾ㹻ߣôմ˷϶иá
ֻΣԺķѲ̵ʱյһ㣬ڵڶѾʱ䡣
ĥ󿳲񹤣ȲԵԽע˸򡢲ϡ
ȪʯǼʹá
ڻȪڣԵõһͻȪʯһСͻȪʯȻָԶͫҲ֣ʣµĻȪʯȻܶࡣ
ڲʱûгʱıչء
򣬹£ʱһܽ޵סáԣڲԵʱҲߡʱ뿪׼լԺӴİ׳ڻơ
׼ҲɣԴӾһнѹ󣬰׼¶ԾԵ̬Ⱦкܴı䡣˵˶𾴾ԣ˶ԾλǿǴгصġ
ǰ׼ҵĳϼԣ̬϶ΪĿ
Ͼսϲ޵ߡ
һʱ󣬿ٴҾԣԻΪٴζһسӣȻˡҾԣȻ̾ԡ
Ѿ۷Σ𾳽ֻһҲϲΣһ˵˲̫һԼͬ޵ߣȴˣ̬ȼϿҡǲӦҪ¹򣬻Ƥ˵ǱСҲǰ׼ˣ׼Ӧû
û취ֻܴӦָһ
ȻϣʱաԼ෨ϣҪָǴ´ġԵ괿Ըֵ˵Ϊ͸ûյֶΣֻҪǿʩչܱȽ꾡˵Ҳ԰ҳ֢ᡣ
ģ˺ܴĽ˵Ѿ۷壬ٽǺѵġھָ£ĽܴɲǸоʵģս
ֲһ͵ˣǰ;ȥ׼Ҷ̨д衣ԴӾԿʼָȥ̨һЩÿһȥ̨˸оı仯
ǰ׼мڤվ޵ʵҲ˶٣ֳʤȽѡžԵָ㣬ǼȴԷֿøΪǿ
µȻܿڰ׼Ҵһʱ׷˿ʼ̽Ϣ󲻽˵Լ̲֮ܽ˵оԼ֮ԽԽӽ
׼ڲٴη
ˣݷþҪָ㣬Ϊ˾ҲЩͷָۣǻָ㡣оԷһԼû뵽ĺôָЩеʱΪԵĵͷȵȣ۽Ҳڲ֪Ŀܶǰ̫˽ķ棬ҲҲ˽⡣
˽⣬սûɾȴԵʱյĲ򶼱ǰΪ˳ˡңһҲ˸Ĵ
ԴˣҲֻܸ̾Ĳջ񣬾Ҳȥָ׼ҵ޵ˡ
Щָ޵ߣֻҪ̵ģлٵĽ
Եڰ׼ңҲƵһܸߵĳ̶ȡ
һգ׼ҸܹۡҾԣ˵Ǽȥ
³ɡ
׼ҸۡҲһʱˣδ׼ҵļҲǰױĸס
֪ΰ׼ҼҪԼΪ¡
Ȼɻ󣬵ûжٳɱǰˡ
׼ҼڱԺ䣬ԾͿһңױҲڷ֮С
ԡױԴЦŽһ䡣
С㡣Թ֡
Եѣ׼Ҳһʱ䣬ղż㣬ʧ֮벻Ҫ֡ӶԾ˵΢Ц˵һ䣺ǰ졣
׼ˣֻǱСٻ޵߶ѣֵð׼ġҡͷ˵


2277 ͽܱ
ڰ׼ԼԸͲں
ԵѶе⣬ҵ֮޵ҲԶв簡̾˵
ʱ侰ڰ׼ָУɹĿáô˵ǿףǾԵĽ̵ȷʵЩǿ
ǰ׼ҵЩҲû
ʵҲûʲô̵ͽܵľ飬֮ȡֳɹҪԭ㹻ǿ񣬿ԽΪɿЩ޵ϴڵ⣬֢ҩҲûС
ڷ죬ǻǹϵó̵ͽܣһ˱̳֮޵ߣ÷첻֪ж޵Ҫ¡
׼ˣҿɲҵ΢Ц˵
һԱߵİױ
ŽʱױڳЩ֣˵ЩԱԼµ˰⡣
ԵѲǫ飬ʱǵĽĿá
뾰ԵѹһԵʶһ£и룬ñݾԵΪʦ
ʲô΢΢һ㶡
µԼָױУȴû뵽쾹˸ɴ࣬ȻðױʦԼ
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ü
׼С⣬ҿ԰ֻҪʦԳ
ԼҲҪȻ̫̫ܽľָ档Ŀǰûȫվ𣬾ȫվ֮Ҫ̫֮Ҫˡ
ԵѵĹǣҲ
ΪʦҲҪ̫˼ֻǵÿյʱָһɡ⣬ԵʲôطҪҰ׼Ҳᾡ㡣˵
˵ʵж԰ױӡǺܺõġ
ðױħʳǣǰױԽص¥Ӱɱ
ָױУҲ⡣
˵΢Ǻ˵ĻǺðɣҾǡ
񣿡Ŀһϲ԰ױ
ʦױǰ
֮ǰԵݣֻĻʱȴҡһ䣬ʦԺھǰñϹϾġ
ˣһЩǰһͺá԰֡
ǲ׵ʦʦȴ
Եѣ֪ԻȤƺѾص¥˻ӰɱӰɱѶȽϸߣԵѰղ̫ҵǿ԰æŪһѶԽϵ͵Ļ㡣컺˵
ҪԺôˡ
ѾȫӰɱӰɱĻԾҲûʲôôʩչƾҹʽΣնֻûʲôڶԵеʱͲ
ŪߵȵĻԵȻȤʱ˵ĻӰɱ硣
ӰɱʱͿˡ׼֪ںδܵõߵȵĻԳûʵ
ߵȻһ
ߵȻɲ׵õʳǵܵõߵȻ;١԰׼ҵ޷õߵȻġ׼ڣֻһеȻͷص¥Ķ㡣ⱾеȻѾص¥ųʮ꣬ⱾˣĿǰֻһ
еȻҲǳһ伮̺Ҳ㹻ʹĴΣһξһΣûˡ
ߵȻֻܿЦ˵õߵȻǲܵ顣ǲƴǼҲûĸߵȻ
ţˡԵͷ
仹֪еĲƴ˭Ҳ³˿϶֮ǿĴ֮һĴڶûߵȻԼõߵȻֻ취Ӱ׼Ӧǲʲôջˡ
˰ױͽܺ󣬾ڰ׼ҵδʲô仯
һ߼һʱ̵ױСʱ䣬÷ɿ졣
ڰױʦʮ󣬾˾ĵڶ㡣ױʦʮ󣬾ȫ˾
ʩչȷʵײСʩչħӡɱĿռ䣬ھ֮¶ֲ˶þͻᱻɢȻھԿƻ֮¡һþԵʵҲٴ١
ȫպ󣬾Աһϵĵڣʼ׼𼶵Ļ֮
һ̫ˣǾڣҲûκεİգֻԿȻУԶԵĲҲûе顣ǾʩչŻңɼ׹ҫҲȲš


2278 ħɽ
ܳɹ𼶻֮ΪԼнϴʽֱӿ֮
𼶷̫ѣ֮ǴѶȿܻһЩʵȻǿ󣬵ϾϣϱϾ
⼸ʮױҲǾˡ
ʦҲʮѣȻһǰľǴﾳڤվΡ
۷޵߶ָһԷڵкܴױ֮ǰﾳΪ˵ֻҪŬھԵĽ̵£벻ѡױ츳ֺǿв׵Ļ츳
ױﵽڤվΪ˶ܸˡںܶط˵ױһʦǾԽ̵ױױҪ̤ڤվǾʮʱܴﵽģꡢǧ궼˵
ҲΪױΪͻͽ׼Ҳٸ߲ԾԵĽͽ̾ΪֹӰױڤվҾ԰ʦİ׼Ա㶸Ȼࡣ
ױʦ֮ǰҲв̣û԰ʦˣֻ̡ڵΣһˣа׼Ҹ߲棬ΪԼ뾰ͽ
Щ󣬾ֻܾܾ
Ϊûʱͽʼ𼶻֮Ҫȫľʱ䶼ڴ취ϣʱôˡ
Ժпܣڴ𼶻֮֮ǰأָЩ޵ߵʱ䶼ûУôʱ̵ͽܣ
Կ϶ҪôԴ𼶻֮أҪôʧܳء
ھԾܾͽܶ˸еʧҲûа취ԲԸͽҲǿ
ڲ֮ǰҲױԼչнϳʱ䲻̵ܽԼŬ԰ױʣϰ׼ҵԴڤվ۷ѶȲУҲҪԶָ㡣
ʱ䣬Կʼٴαչء
Ϊ˴𼶻֮Ե׼˵Ǻܳˡڷ¥ʮ౾գѵ𼶷𶼳ա
Էķʱշ淨ϣԵѾǿ𼶻֮ĻǱȽϺʵ
ۡ
ڰ׼һֱڱչش𼶻֮׼Ҳɵתš׳ǣ޵ߣڵ;ǰСӣҲϰˡ
Ȼƽӣһ죬Ǳˡ
ʱ䣬ҲǾԱչش֮ǧ
䣬ͻȻ䷢
ƿذ׳ǵİ׼Ҹ߲㣬Σٵʱ򣬰׳ǵܣѾǱһȺµ޵߰Χ
ħɽǿߣˡ

ħɽˣˡ׼ҵ׳ϣҴҴ˽ɫѿĶ԰캰
ȻվĿһ˿Ȼ
һȻ֪ᵽɵħɽΣٺ󣬰Ĳ޷ƵĻҡ
ħɽ֮ħͷۼĵطħɽʵ׺ħͷ
˵ʳǵ򣬾طҪҵöࡣ죬ÿһһλ滹дһƬƬڶԶ֮ͫ£һЩײеħͷɱ޹ʱҲõûбҪ£ЩħͷҲģɱ¾ΪһŭôܸܿԼԵĺ
ʳǵȴһ
ʳʮ򣬼嶼ңҵ죬ҲҪʳʮöࡣ
֮壬ΪײΪǿŷɥħɽ
Уħɽݻĳǳز֪ж٣ûмܼù
һΣħɽĿǰ׼ƹܵİ׳ǡ
˵ǰ׼ҵħɽʵħɽҵһڡһ㣬ħɽ˽޵߶Ҳ˵ڰ׼ҵħɽ֮ǰħɽʵѾҪ԰׳֡ħɽһѡĿ꣬ȻŻŪһСֶĿԼ
ħɽɱ¾̻ǹ̶ġ
ѡһĿ꣬ıĿԼĳһ׵ͻȻ֣¾Сħɽ԰׳ǵ¾Ƕһڣ׼ҺķѺܴӰȽϴ˵飬ħɽ׼̵׼޷ħɽħɽǰԭƻ԰׳Ƕ֡
ħɽ¾Уĺ飬ǻὫһڵ޵ɱ¾һգֱǼȮ
ʷϣħɽҲһֱģһ֣ȫɱ⡣
ڰ׼Ҹ߲õϢ󲻾ã׳ڵ޵Ҳ½õϢ֪ħɽĴħͷٺȫʧ롣


2279 ׳֮Σ
׳ǵ޵ߣеĳ嵽׼լԺѰӣҲѡ׳ǡҪе޵ߣ֪׼Ҳزס׳ǣڳ֮ڣǾ·һǳħɽδΧ£УҲһ˿ϣȥ
ǵһ˿ϣҲܿˣ
ħɽֶΣǵħɽ֮¾һУǵľ鼫ḻÿһ¾֮ǰ׼һ֣˵׼ˣǶϵĳУһֻӶȥ
ЩҪ׳ǵ޵ߣһ⣬ȫħɽħͷնɱһλɢ޵𣬶ħɽħͷնɱ
ˣ
׳ˣҪˣȫҪ
ħɽħͷ
ʵİ׳ڣ޵ѾࡣһЩϢͨ޵ߣǰ뿪˰׳ǡ׼֪Σή٣׳ǰ׼ҵĸڣκ˶뿪׳ǣ׼ȴǲܡ
˵Ҳǰ׳ƴˣƴҲӦħɽħͷʱԮ
ô죿׳ʵ
ҪҡԼ֪ʱҪ侲
׳ϣϵƴˣ˵ħɽħͷѾٰ׳ǣ̳֡׳˵
ǣ׳Ӧ
󣬰ִѶ׼Ҹ߲Աȫټ
Ȼǲûȥһˡ
ʵڰ촫ѶʱһЩ߲ԱѾŰڱԺ
촫Ѷú󣬰׼Ҹ߲ԱȫִЩ߲Աǰ֪ħɽ԰׳Ƕ֡Σ٣Ҳ׼
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ҪģȫԸĵֵڲƴ˵֮ǰһҪסЩħͷ
ڴҶȥ׼ɣ
ƴ˺ܿͻһЩĲ԰׵ɫŻָֺ
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ڸ߲Ա׼׼ҵڤվ޵߰ڤվ
߲Ա󣬱˼լԺʱۼڰ׼լԺ޵ߣ鲻ܶ˶ڵŰ׼ҵķӦ
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ħɽħͷҪ¾׳ǣҶбƵĺ
ΨһϣǵֵЩħͷƴС
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λͬǰ׼Ѿ벼ƴƴҲӦˡԣֻҪڲƴ˵ִ֮ǰסħɽħͷлϣǲֵô·һȵ
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˭ֱӣֻˣֵħͷлϣǲֵֻ·һ
ҶɵȻ֪ôѡ
ħɽˣħͷ֮ǰĶսôЩ޵ĻкܴϣˡܻħɽЩħͷȴܷŹ׳ǵκˣǹģҲһ
׳֮⡣
һȺȺħɽħͷֲڰ׳ǵĳܡ˴ʱ׳Ѿȫס
һǰ¾׳ǵħɽԱΪ׵һߣħɽħ֮һħɽλħÿһλħʵ죬ȻҲ֮ȴǿ
ɱħɽħ඼൱磬Ҳ
λħһȺ֮ʹڤվħͷҪ׳Ϊƽء
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ʼסǰһаױŮ˶ҪעŮˡħаױŮˣҪŴħɽħ˵
ǣеħͷӦ
ħħɽλħֽ⡣
ħʼ
ɱ
ɱ׳飡¡¡бѪ˷ܣ쳹֮䡣
ħͷ߶ĳ׳ǡֲĹâ֮䡣嫵Уƺڲ׳֮ڣ޵ߣ۾ųħͷ
׳ǵĳػ󷨣Ѿȫһâ֣ػܣһת˼ޡ
һҪסһҪ
Ȳƴ˵Ǿоˣڰ׼լԺϿգԶʣɫޱء
ħɽħͷѾ׳ǵػӴĹػϡ
ħͷ̫ˣһǳײСôĹǿػҲԲο׳֮壬ֻǱȽͨĳСػ󣬵סʱġ


2280 ħ
׼ҵ׳ϣϵϲƴˡ
֮壬ǿ֮һ֮޵ڶࡣ
׳ϣħɽ˽ٰ׳£ҷűѾõϢ㲻ҪżҺܿ㽫˵ִ׳ǡƻӦ׳ϡ
лƴˣһ׳ܵסħͷҰ׼ҺͰ׳޵ߣмƴ˾֮׳ϼѶ
šӦһжϵ
֮ǰʹӦ˰׼ҵħɽħͷٰ׳ǣƿ϶ҪֵġȻӦҪȥƲʳԵˡ
Ȼˣ׼ҡ׳ǵֵħɽħͷɲΪ˰׼ҵĶ顣γֺ󣬰׼ҺͰ׳ԺҪơһƿصĵٶȵ󡣰׳֮壬ҲеƫϹģһУֵòƳһΡ
׳ϵƴ˺󣬱
ƴ˵ִͺˣӦÿԼֵһ̡΢΢ɳһ
԰׼ҵϰ׳ڵ޵ߣӦǿһȺħͷǰһʱġػ󷨳©ħͷ͸Ҳɵֵһʱ䡣
׳Ͽգħ죬еػ󷨣ϵıơ׳ǵ󷨣Ҳй͵Ĵ󣬵󷨹ħɽЩħͷв
ĿǰΪֹħͷе𼸺ûгֻ֣ǴϾħͷڷ񹥻
ͷħʼմɭЦ⣬עŰ׳ڵľĿеɱⲻϻۡ
꣡
һʱ֮󣬰׳ǵ󷨣˺һѷ졣
ѷһ֣дħͷӿ뵽֮ڡ
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ɱǣɱ¾ħͷš
ЩħͷУڵ޵ߣʼħͷ潻֡
տʼӿеħͷʵԱȽһЩ׳ڵ޵߳ȥǻɵı㽫ħͷ
ħͷɱҲ޵߱ɱ
̶ʱڣڱ˴ʬ塣
ЩħͷǳײУֱǲҪĲɱǵĹֶμֲһЩħͷķֻǷɱ¾
ҽӡ
ӿеħͷԽԽ࣬ɱĳ޵
׼Ҽ죬һֱעս
徫Ӣӳ
׼ƿذ׳꣬Ҳһ֧顣֧飬޵ɣΪ׵ܳͼλ֮ܳǿߡһ֧飬ͺķѰ׼ҳɵԴ롣
ʱ򣬰׼ҵľ鲻սǲˣ׳ڵ޵Ȼǳ࣬ʵϲʵǿ޵ߣ̫٣ڤվûдﵽЩ޵ħͷɱڻңħͷһкȥҪһƬ
Щ޵߶ħͷԭͷǳη壬ʿߣڴħͷ¾֮£޵Ѿڽڰˡ׼ҵٲ֣ǳ޵ߺܿɢʱһߵıħɽħͷ¾ˡ
׼һ֧Ӽսϴĳ޵ߣʱȶӵķȵȷ涼ǳǿҲ൱ĬϧһЩ
׳ǡħȻһ֣ȥ
ħɽĻ֮ǿߡһħɽٰ׳ǵħͷУܶࡣ
Щ֮ĻڵõħһĿ¶⣬ײеĳɱȥһ˺ѷ죬뵽׳֮ڡ
֮ڤվΡЩħɽĻӿ׳ǣں̵ܶʱڽ޵ɨһƬһкȥǳڵ޵߶Իһ֣ɱһȺ޵ߣʵһ޵ߣʬ嶼
ħ׳ǡ
Ⱥħɽӿк󣬼Ϊǿ֮ħͷҲڻӿ롣⼸ǿ֮ħͷս֮жڸ߲㣬ҲԶͫࡣ
׼ҵľӣҲֵסħͷˣӳԱɱ
ƴˣ
ٲ֣徫ӾҪɱˣ׼ҵĸ߲Աż죬ȴ
׼ҵ֮޵ߣԶԶ޷ħɽĻȡ׼˶ħͷɱ룬ǰ׼Ҳ֧Ų˶á
ħɽ֮ǰһʱ׼׼ǲĿеʵжǿߡȷħɽͻɳĿеսǰĿǡ
֣
ΣҪֵƴ˵ִϢһӰһȳ˳ȥ
׼ҵ߲֮㣬Ҳż
䣡ֳһɫ͵Ľһħɽ˳ȥ
ǰ׼Ҽ죡ֵǣָɵһħɽŰ죬˷ܵĴ


2281 Ƶ
ʵӰսȦѾˡ׼ƿذ׳ǣǰ׼ҵļħɽЩħͷô᲻ע죿
գۼ䣬жħɽĻ˰죬ЩڸʵȷʵԶ죬ֲ֮£ܿ˿սΧ֮УɱħɽĻ
׼ҵĶ׷׼սȦҲԱӭϡħɽ֮ҪȰ׼ҵǿܶࡣ

ʱһ
ֻһħɽĻ΢΢Щ񣬽žͱһӡĳ촷ۣϵķûȫ
ɱħɽģǺ
ڸɵħɽ֮̽Ŀڸһϡ
սֲһޡڰ׼ҵĸ߲֮УֻºһǻޡĶŮǻޣʵС۷ޣԸϲ޵߻У֮޵߾Ͳˡ
ٴηͺ
ڶħɽ˺С
ޣǳ¡Խ϶ʳǵ򣬻ҲΪη޵ߡ֮Ļޣսǳֲܵס޵깥ãסǾͻʧʱʧȥʶ֮УֱӱɱꡣǶݵʧҲܾ
ɱ󣬱жΧΧס⼸ԽǿģԺ깥ʱܵӰСܶࡣ
ħɽ׼
ǽ׼ҵʵú֪׼һº֮ޡʱΧסļרԸġǲΪǿܹһ̶ϵ깥ķ
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ħߣһۻº˵
ۻƣ΢ϸһͿɿĺϣһƣĺȴûСˣħɽĸ߼
ţҿˡºǰ׳ڶв޵֮һ콫ºĻնɱħɭȻº
Ǹ߼һ㽫ȥ
һʵǿΧɱººѹȻӣȻлϣǹѲڡ
ڰ׳ӡԽԽĳ޵ߣħɽħͷС׼ҵ߲֮ˡ
ħ
ʱһԶ˴
һӰ¶Ϊ׵һˣɫۡոսгֵģ޵ߡ
ˣǲƣ׼֮ǰԮ
ħɽħͷٰ׳ǣ̾͵õϢҲټǿ׼ǿ߸׳ǡ·;ңԶǺķ˼ʱʱŵִ
ţħŤͷƵ˫ü΢΢һ
ħ϶ȻˡߣҪħɽ£ߵĸ߼˵
ƴӦ׼ҵϢħɽҲǰ̽ˡƻʵҲħɽħͷԤ֮С
Ƶѣħʵ

ħħɽ׳¾ȻҪ氡׳ǣҵĳСħɽ¾׳ǣкЩ˰Цһ˵
׳ǲƵ³Уħɽô֪
Ȳܰ׳ǲǲƵ³СƵѵ˼ƺҪֹħɽ£ħת˵
ħҼȻˣǲܿŰ׳ǵ޵߱ɱ¾ڣסְɣƿһ۰׳ڵ
׳ڵ޵ߣʱһһ
ǶƴˣȻƴˣǻоˡƴˣ֮Ӱǿ֮һҲƴ˿ɲһģһȺǿߡ
׼Ҽ죬Ҳɳһǣڵȴ˲ƴˣǼˡħɽħͷ֣ͣǲƴ˱ضֻɱħͷħʵ׺ҲвƴˡֻҪƴµǿ߼սһȺħͷڲ˻ˡ
ɱħͷ
ƴѾûʲôµˣɱ
׼ҺͰ׳ڵ޵ߣʿʼħɽħͷз
ƵѣΪֹħɽ𣿡
ħɽҪĳУ˭ҲȲˣħЦ
ȫûΪƵסֵ˼
ħɽˣûô˵Ҫ赲ħɽǲƣҲûáƣҲסħɽɱħɽѡеĿ꣬Ϊƽء
ħҪҳˡҡҡͷҲϵħװݣħɽЩħͷ˽⡣


2282 𼶻֮
ħɽֻΪ֮һЩＸ仰ͷһ¾Ҳûڵˡ֮壬ħɽŷɥǿɱ¾ɱġ
˵һ˵֮ǼӰĴȫҲħɽħͷȴ
Ҳһ㡣
׳ǣɱһ֡
ǣһȺ֮ǿӦӰ˸Ű׳󷨵ѷٷС
ǺǣƵδ̫ˡ
ƻħɽ飬ôף죬òƵѿħɽֶΡħһЦ
Ǹ߼
ǣ߼΢΢һ
һۻͷų
߼ȻҲһ֮ĻޡȻӰΣʱ߼ΪģһȦȦļµۡ
߼һȡ
ˣ
һɳǽ⵽˰׳Ͽգâʢֻ˲Ϣ֮̿һɫϡһϣ׳ǶڣҲħڡƵȴڽɫ֮⡣
µǿ߶ڿٷУǲֱײڽɫϡɫϳ֣Щ˷׷׳֣һֲܿĹڽɫϡ
Ǻܿ죬Ǿ¶𾪵ı顣ǵĹϺڽɫϣɽɫȴ˿ûг֡
⡭Ҳɴ۾ŵĿһĻ
ƵѣȻˣǾۿŰ׳ǸɡɫڵħĲƿЦ
ûˣֹħɽħ
ƴˣ桭Ʋϡµɫ˿תԲ
ʱĲƣϵ𾪽ʧȡ֮
һ䡣
ৣӰһɫϸ
ֻ̽˫ƣܣһ˵뵶
ƣһȡ
µܲ׺ݵŽɫϺһɼµصĻڽɫϡǽɫϣ΢˸һ£޷ӦһȫԸˣɼˣҲֻýɫ΢һ˿ˡ
ƵɫΪˡ
벻ħɽǽϵ۱ˡҡҡͷε̾һ
ϵ۱ɵ֮ӵܡħɽ۱ֽӡ˵˵۱Ϸ۱˸ͲƿӡΨɵԳ֣ſܻӵķɵ֮£ǷˡھҲΪɣֻһνȫ
ʱһλɵֳۣӣôֻҪɵһӣ޵߾ҪϾųɾšǲơֱӳɵ۴߶ӵҲǱɡǷ۱۱ǵ۱Ƿ۱Ҳɱء
ûٳɫϣ֪Լôƿְ׳ǵĽɫϡ
ҰҲûá
ɵ۰֣ٶҲƿͷŵĽɫϡ
֮壬д˵ħɽе۱ȴûˡһħɽΪ˸׳ǣȻ۱ӶˣǲҲûϵġ
ǵ۱
ʳʮ壬֪ĵ۱Ҳѡ֮壬֪ĵ۱ֻһһûۼ
ʱħѾܲƵˣĿͶ׳ǡ
׳ڵ޵ߣþųϿա
ˣҲĲƵˡ
ҪҰЩݣЩ
ⷢ飬Ҳǲƴ˲æǲƴҲƲǽɫϡһɫϣ׳糹׸ˡ˽׳ǵҲȥ
ô죿׼һϽʡ
ɱɣɱһһɱ׬һϴż
ˣҪˣɱһһ
ºȻãпܣºӳȥ
֪ڰ׼ҵ֮Уֻкޣôһ˿˿ϣӳ׳ǡϣȻãˣûκϣ
ħɽɱеºͷҲޱȵĳء
ɣĵҲž
׳ǵ޵߻а׼ҵ޵ߣȥ
ǣŲסˡ
׼һڣԭ޲ϣͻȻ΢ı仯
֮
𼶵Ļ֮ˡǧǰԱչؿʼһֱڳԴ𼶻֮ô׼ķԴǧĳԣǽ֮ϼ𼶡


2283 ˼
֮ԵΪʱյΪ
ò˵ܴ𼶻֮Ҳһɷ֡Ȼ֮һһ߲λֻ֮ڤվܴ𼶻֮Ҳռ˺ܴһ֡
Ŀǰյ𼶷Ѿ٣ǰйУдħӡɱȶ𼶷Ǿ˵𼶻֮ھвΪ¡
ھԼ𼶷
һ˵ȫ˽⣬Խ֮һ˿һܷӳ
ţ
ھת۽âʱ΢΢һ
һصĸо·ڤڤ֮вܡ
ϸӦĿоȻһ
ƺԳԳˣѹͷĿϲ
ϵǼѵһ֪赲˶׿޵߽ŲʱһָоԳԳ֮ˡ
ǧǰȫվʱ赲ھǰľݱɶԼ𼶷ǾݱøΪƺѾ֮ܿˡ
æ۾ĬĬתϼ黯
Ͼܹ֮黯˺ܴá
ܸоһЩջȪʯ󣬶ԻһЩ򣬿ܾò˵㡣
ȥС
Ҹոմ𼶷ѵͻƾĻᡣ
һβͻƣǾͲ֪Ҫٵȶˡ

ΣһȥҼҪ֮ϣɵֻۡҪ̤֮һЩۣҲֵá
ԲԥȡһöȪ֮ġ
ڻȪߵĻȪͼõöȪ֮ģ֮ǰѾһöʣöȪ֮ġΪͻƾԾʹһöȪ֮ġ
˾㲻ɡ
ԿʼջȪ֮ĵȪ֮գԵԺһƬ飬ҵ˼ܿ
Ȫ֮ĵЧ졣
׳ڣ
޵ߵʬ壬Ѿ˴ССĳнֵ⻹Ϊкܶ޵ʬǶΪ촷ۣҪȻʬֻࡣ
׼ҵĳԱͬء
ºħɽüסһֱһսС룬ҪҪħɽĴħͷֻǣЩħɽĻͲᡣ
ɱ֮£ºҲǳأϳֲٴˡЩɵ깥ڿѾɱˡޣܵħɽص㡮ա
ô죿
Щ쵰סҸûлᣡ
ħɽºǳûа취
׼ҵԱҲ޷ʱ˿̣ÿ˶ٿµѹ׼ҵ֮޵ߣʱٱɱΣ
챾ˣ
ĿǰΪֹħɽħⶼδ֣֡׼˿ͼֲסˡ
׳ڵ޵ߣ붼Ѿɥʧ־ˡҪΪǶ޵ߣһڵľ磬ôǿͱˡ
ǿϣ
ƺȴǵģֻб¾ˡ
ɱʹ죬ɱʹ죡
Ⱥϣ

ħɽħͷײеĽţħͷ˫Ŀ죬ǿκΰ׳ǵ޵߶ֱӳֺɱ۶ԷʲôΪǸճӤǶŹɱ¾˷ܡ
һȺԵУ¾ĳв

׳ǣˣ
֮壬Ҳڹע׳ǵ֮壬벼൱кü
ʱһ￴ŷ棬˵
ǰ׳ǡѾˡ
ԭΪ׳вƵѰܴħɽħצ֮´벻ƵѶûκΰ취׳ǡҡҡͷ
ˣ׳ڰʱ󣬾ͻᱻħɽΪƽˡнҷ𣬳ΪʷԱһ˵
µĳеҲϵĳдżꡣ
׳ǲǵһĳУҲһħɽֻҪڣǾͲֹͣǡ˵
ƴ˿ҪˣҲûκΰ취Ա˵
ǰƵֻţȻʱڰ׳֮⣬ȴ޷ﵽ׳Ƿֺҡҡͷռڷ΢΢һ䣬˲ƴµһȺڽɫ֮ŭĶŰ׳ǡ
֮壬ٴľƵۡ
ǿ׳ҲͰʱʱˡʱ󣬰׳ڿܲгħɽħͷ֮޵ߴ
ˣŽİ׳ǣҲ̫Ĳ˼һľǹȥѾ̫ˡ


2284 ֮
׼լԺԱչصҡ
ʱ˿̣ͽǬ磬Ѿѻ˺һҰɫ۳Щھʯġ
ھʯڲԶǶѻɽǧھʯ
ƣ
ƿ
Ե壬ݻžɱ·ߺͿܡ
ϵ𣬾ڹؼʱ̡ʱһ̽䣬ͻʧܣ嶼ܵһˣںܳһʱڶԻָ
Ե崿ϾлȪ֮ģϲε黯գþԵĽչ١
֮ԽԽӽ
Խʱ򣬱ԽҪСĽ
䣡
΢΢һһͨ͸ĸо֡һ̣Եڷ·һڶڵֻգۼ㱻ڶɵһɶ
иͷֻʶղԶǺھʯھʯ۳ɽӺһӿ뾰Եڡ
ǣˣԻһּʸУھʯյƬ̶治סȫǺڶ֮С
óһЩ񵤺ܹⱦһԵȫС
˲֮£ſܹӦںڶɡ
·ֻ˼ʱ䣬ַ·ǹ˺ܾáںڶٶȣǻľ徭³ӯ
ֹƬ̣ڶʧ
֪ǺڶʧֻǱϿҲˡԵ֪ڶĴڡңڶڴ洢һתڶڵ
ϵǽӣôǴ󺣣
𣡡
֮
ֱ
̤֮ĺᵽǿѹ죬Ҳڤվ޵߿ƥ𡣾Щα𣬶޵ܹԿġ۾Ŀϲá
ָоͺּɻһ㡣
̫ǿˣ
̤֮󣬳ϵǿҲٴεķ仯̺Ҫϵʱ޷ϣԶܹȡ
ڡ޵½һľˡ΢΢̾
ӻԪһҪԭ޵½ܡҪ𣬵ڻʱȻѾƿػ߹򣬿ɾֻǳƺƿҲϲΣľֻеѡڻ޵УɳԼĻ磬Զ޵½ܶ֡
Ԫʵϻָǿ죬ڿҲǻĵ磬޵½һľ硣
ڵңӦܶԸ޵½ˡ޵½ܵĻ磬ӦҲû⡣޵½ֻͨûƿػ硣Ѱ˼š
ҵ޵½ܵĻ磬ʱûͷ
ৣԳǬ硣
¡¡

ԸճǬ磬վڣ͸оռ𶯣ΧңһЩҽԶԶĴ
ʲô
ʲôˣü
Ǭڣȫ񶼷ͻƾϣʱŲ׳ǵ쳣ǬԳһ壬ԸģǾͷųȥҪȻȷʵ̫׸ֻ֪ߣֱӹ磬ǾҲ֪
һ˿ɻ󣬾Կ粽ң׼ҵլԺС
׼ҵլԺϿգͱˡ˸ڰ׼լԺڣȻܸо񱩵ķ򼫶Ȼҡ
⡭˹׳ǣĿɨܣ˲Ϣ̿
ǲ鿴׼լԺչ׳ǡ
ЩʲôˣԿЩħɽħͷ¾Ű׳ǵ޵ߡ
ħɽħͷư׳Ƿ󣬽Źȥһʱʱ䣬׳ǵ޵߾˽ӽһˡ׼ҵԱҲĳɡ׼ҵļ죬ڿսҲֲ˶ˡ
ಣӰ˸լԺڵһ׼ҵڶ౾СۼڴˡĶӰŮױͬ
Щ׼ҵСеĻңеķŭеҧг治ʱ˸ħɽħͷ
񼸴ҪȥħͷƴֹȻϲλޣսϣʵͲ˵һħɽ֮һоɱˡ
С㣡Դһ󷨣ױ
ʦױͻȻ֣¶һ˿ϲãǰһֱԼĸЩħͷˣޱȵĽš

ܶ׼СԣкЩСУвٶõԵָ㡣
С㣬ʲôˣЩˡʲôˣٺܿѯʡ


2285 ǣ
֪ħɽĴڣ֪ħɽи׳ǵļƻ
ʦЩ˶ħͷħɽħͷױҧűݡ
ħɽħͷǰ׳ǣ׳ǵסˡǰ׼ңҲױĸЩŭЩΡ
ǣΣա
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ڳİ׼С׷׿ڣȻҲһЩСɫ԰ףʱһֶ˵ˡ
֪ˡ
ȥԵͷ
ʦױסԡ
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£ҲµģҲ¡¶΢Цݡ
֮ħɽ˽⡣ħɽϵĳУܻлħɽ֪ˡһҪ¾һУ㲻κ֣ǻɱˡһԵ
ɱһ£ܲɱȴһ¡
ˣǶȥԻ£ǿıԺ
ױž뿪˰׼ҵլԺ
Сһɣ
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һϲεħɽħͷΧħƣһɷģ˫Ŀź⣬ֳһıҪһлɱ
һ
Զħͷһ˹ȥ
һƣֻ̺һĹܣ֮ûκηܡǣӡħͷʱħͷֱӾͱĳ촷ۡ
˫ʵʵ̫ˡ
ħͷڤվ޵Уʵǲ붥⻹١ھԵʵһָͷڤվ޵ߡ
Էڰ׼լԺڣ͹۲ڻɱڤվħͷ󣬱λ÷С
ǰ׼ҵļҲܵܶħɽΧѾˣҪзǿıǰֲܻڡˣҲʱܱɱԴȰ졣
Űλ÷Уξ뵹ǲԶħͷڶ࣬ԷħͷеֻһжеǺüɵĶ顣ЩħͷԣųҪɱԣֻһ棬ǱȫԻֺɱ
Զû̫ĶЩϲεħͷһͶ
ΪսңԾԵĳ֣ʱû̫Ĺעڳ֮ħ⣬ûע⾰ԡ
׼㣡Ե
Ե¶ȱ飬ĿҲһ⡣
ۿԿٷ̾Ϣһ
ԵʵȷʵǿжϣԵսӦһЩ޵ˡɼˣʲôã
սУһҲûı䡣
쵹Ǻܸмԣǰױٻ޵ߣ׼ʱ䲻㳤ħɽħͷսֵм
Եѡ
Ҫˣûõġ뾰ԵѻؼլԺпܣһҪűӳ׳ǡԾԴ
֮ǰúױɺ޷ĿǰºҲֲסˡ
ûлӦ죬Ѿ˰첻Զ
ǼΧħɽȻԹҲû⡣ԺǶԾûӡ󣬶׼ҵ֮ǿߣǶʶġȻûԣ˵𶼲ǣʲôв
죬Թɣ
ţʲô壿
ɣǸһʹħɽĻ԰š
⼸ʵҪȷ¾˹ʥǿ٣һˣϼΪĬħͷĹʱֻǿֵϵĳۣͱѪ͸
ԵѣȥԻڿҲˣһ
ٺ٣һֻϵǵӴ󣬾ȻҽӽˣֻˡһħɽĻɨ˾һ۲мĵ
ģǣɫһ
ħӡɱԿһͺ
Χħͷڿռ䣬Ȼ
֮ľʩչħӡɱܵȻϲξʩչĴħӡɱɱȵġʱĴħӡɱĿռ䣬ѹĿ¡ħɽҲȻһԶֻԼǯסһ㡣


2286 ɱħͷ
ΧħɽʵǲǴʱڴħӡɱķռڣȴ׸ĸ
ĿеķѾȥȡ֮Ǿ֡
ô£
ʲô˭Ϊʵ˿£˵񣬶һϮ۵ľԡ
žԷйʱ˸ûԵ£þ˲ϲΰˡ㾰һ֮޵ߣҲΪǶв
ɵԳֺǲʶˡ
ƣħɽھмҪƿħӡɱķ
Եͳ
һƬĿռ䣬ֲܽ٣ħɽ֮Ļǵ˲ϢǱ⿪ϵķ޷ֵǾ˵˺
ħӡɱȻǿҲһһ𼶷ҴʱѾ𾳽ľʩչ
ھûдﵽ֮֮ǰƾԼʵɱ¾Ċ˹ʥ֡ڵľʵ֪ٱ
ԽһУħɽͱɱ
ֱ컹ЩûӦ
ʲô
Щ㱿˿ԣֿ˿Ѿɱǲš
Բ֮޵
ԡѣ㡭ѵ𾳽磿΢΢ϢԾʵ
š
׼ڲ̸ʱսȥһºԶ԰
ãã켤ӦĿʡ
һоͺɱ
׳ǡƺоˡ
̷һŵҩ󣬱ǳºڵλá
ԣȻ̿
ʱħɽħע⵽˾ԡһħɽĻ٣㳬ʮ֮ࡣһħ벻ע⾰Զѡ
ħǸ߼Ҳ۾ɴųڵľԡ
˭ħͲʶԡ
֮ǰħɽ׳ǵ鱨в޹ھԵĽܡħ󣬾㾰Բǰ׼ҳԱ֮壬ʵǿҲӦûŶԡ
ħˣ˿İҲûκӡ󣬲֪Ǵðġ޸߼ҡͷ˵
һ£̣Ҫ֪ʲôˡħ
Եڰ׳̿ӰٴһսΪҵĵططħɽħͷ޵ߵս׳ǵ޵Ȼɱýڽڰˣڰ׼ҾӢӵĵֵ£ȻۼٲԸ¾޵ħɽħͷɱ
һСƬ򣬾ǰڤվΪħͷ
ʩչ黯ֱӽս֮ڡЩħͷԣȻĳֹһھԵϣЩ黯ĵѾ½ԵĹУסдĹûʲô⡣
׼ҵӺͰ׳ǵ޵Ҳ˾ԣ¶ɻĿ⡣׼ҵӣвٶʶԡڰ׼լԺôʱ䣬ݲʲôܡ׳ǵһЩ޵ߣ˵ԣ֮ǰҲû̫⣬ֻΪһʵǿ޵߰ˡ
ԵŶڶħͷ
Ӱɱ
ӰɱȻʩչ嫵ӿħɽħͷ˹ȥһȺħͷУֻ֮ڤվ
ǱӰɱܻкֻȫ΢΢һ飬Ǹžʹ
գ֮䣬ħͷӿ׹䣬Ϣȥ
Ӱɱ
һȻֻǵ͵ȵĻڵ͵ȻܼҲǳѡڤվʱ򣬾ӰɱԵ֮УǾԵһʩչӰɱ
ʹ죡ԿӰɱսҲӿż
Ӱɱȣǰ籩Сˡ
ӰɱٴʩչӰɱ
һȺħɽħͷӿ׹䡣
ʱ䣬һƬϾħͷǱɱ˳ɣϾħͷӰɱһϡ
֮ӰɱĹ֮£ҲǳʹࡣΪԵӰɱĿ̫࣬⼸֮Ҳ˻ᱻֱӸɵ
ʳǵҲǷǳµĴڡĹԵֵֻҪܲסǾ³
ˣ
ɢǻޣһӦȣͬʱٺˡ
ħͷҲĴ߶ź󳷡
ӣӵõ𣿡һЦ
𣡡˫𣬿񱩵۶
֮ϣһźɫĻʯһӿгЩɫĻ䵽һȺħͷ֮Уϱѿֲ¶ͷų·ܹһС


2287 ճ
ħɽħͷҽӴܡ
ֲ̫ˡ
һźɫһ֮ըѿǻ屻ֱ
ֱУ޵ҲֻжεĲܿס
ʹ죡Ծܡ
һоɱħɽħͷһӰɱɱħͷࡣ
ܣֲ˹
ȻҲΪûܹħͷڡǿֵǾ𲻿ɱ˶ħͷһǣħͷ̫ܼˣɢǾҲ޷̫Ŀռ䷶Χ
ಣʣħͷӴܿԿ׷ȥ
׼ҵӻа׳ǵ޵ߣһǰһǵĴ᧿Σһ̣Ǹһħͷټûˡ
ϣħͷһصʬ壬вٽڡȱġ
λ˭޵ʡ
λ˿źᰡ֮ǰûм
̫ˣֻ㼸Уɱħɽħͷ
ǰ׼ûʵ
׳޵ɳһͬʱҲȼϣš
Ǿа׼ӵ˵

Һ˵ǲǱСٻ޵𣿡
԰˵ϲΡ
֮ǰȷʵϲΣǰ׼ҵĳ϶ȷһ㡣ڣƺѾ֮ˡ
СҲȻٻǿ޵ߡԴˣս¶ӽɵ˰ɣ
Ǳ𵢸ʱˣնɱħͷЩħͷӦýնɱҧгݵĵ
ǵѣܶ඼ѾħͷС

׷ɱħͷżʩչһλӰɱеħͷԽԽࡣ֮ĻԾôħӡɱɱ
ħˣ
˽оԣǰ׼ҰŮױٻ޵ߡħɽĻ鵽ݣħ

޵ߣΪ֮ǰ鱨ûصἰŭ˻
ħˣЩŹ֮֡ǰħɽ׳ǵʱ򣬵ҲעˡʱϢȷ˾ڤվΪȻʵҲͨսˡڿһʱھͻˡͷ
ɶ񣡿ɶ񣡡ħͨųڻɱħɽ޵ߵľԡ
Ļ쵰Ϸ㡣ħӰһζ󷨷϶뵽֮ڣžӭ˹ȥ
ǰ׳ǵħɽ޵ߣûһܵסԣǶ֣ҲǾԶ֡ħԳҲˣٲֹԣ׳ڵħɽ޵Ҫɱˡ
ͷŵĽɫ֮⣬Ƶ˶Ű׳ǡ
Ϊħɽõ۱赲ƵˣǸ޷׳ǰڵ޵ߣֻš
ǻΪһΰ׳ǱضҪ군ˡУҲŭ죬ֻȻļȴûа취ƿӵĽɫݡ
˭뵽ͻȻ֮䣬׳ڵͷתһ۵޵ߺճֶɱħɽħͷ
ǿƵ˵
ƴˣ˿źӡ󡣰׳ڣȻһµ޵ߡһ𣬾̾˵
΢΢üµˡ
Уʶˣƿʵ
˶ҡͷ
Щ֣ȿʵ޵ߣ֮壬δû˵ҡͷ
ƴˣҲʶ𣿡ʡ
ţδƵͷ˵һ£ʲôݡ
ǣӦ
ǿķӦǾɣǰ˵һ֮壬û޵ʩչһƼ˵š
ʳǵҪ˵࣬ԶȵġǿЩ𼶷ʳʮԸ١һ֮޵ߣûлġ
֮壬ҲͲƵȼվķǱȾ΢һ𼶷
ȻˣȻûл̫ǿȴֲֿ֪ķ컹ʳǵǴڵʱ䶼֪ꡣܴﵽεķҲû֣˵ǿ
ǲһȺڲ̽Եݣ⼸λ֮İҲԾˡ
֮壬Ȼһµǿߣ֮֮һˣӣͨ濴žԻɱħɽħͷ龰
ˣѾ鵽һЩϢˡһɫһ˵


2288 սħ
µ𣬽ھԵһЩϢ
ٻߣۡ
ȷ֮ǧʱ𣿡΢΢ʵ
ţȷоԵ޵߱ٻʳǵżǧʱ䡣ң˸յ֮Ͼ磬ڰ׳ͻƳΪ𡣡
Уһ
벻벻׼ң˵ˡ׳ǱħɽѡУ׼ҲƵΪħɽӣƵҲ޲ߡ벻ŮȻٻǿ޵ߡ
һ׼ܿ׼֮ĵλᡭûм˵ȥ
֮ʷϣûжٳܹסħɽǡһܿסôеĵλ֮Ѹߡڶʱڣдʵǿ޵߻ĳС
ܵסħɽǣ˲õ顣
죬
ˣ㿴׳ܵס𣿡һڷڵʵ
ɣʵǱѰֳʵңûаջħɽħǾԶֻ֡Ҫⱻܣ׳ǵΣҲͲˡħɽֶĪ⣬˭Ҳ˵ýȻֻħɽħ˴׳ǾȻЯӣ˲õֶҲһ
˻ڴ
ˣ˵ǸԵʵ㶼ࣿ𾪺
ţ˼ǿңһޡЩϢħͷڻ֮¡Ͼ޵ߣܹջǺͷ
Ҳһˣȥ׳ǿת˵
ʱ֮弸λ֮أΡƢԸŵˣĿ˾Եϡ
֮Ȼܴ󣬿ǰҲôħɽĴħҲ˫֮ͻȻһʵǿߣǻᶯ˼
׳ǣ
ħУֱԡٲֹԣħɽ˴׳ǵ޵߾Ҫˡ̶̵ʱѾʮλٸ޵ھԵС
ԣħԶͳкȡ
ĿһתħӽѾ֪˾ħɽħ⡣
ԶһЦӰٴһûֹͣ׷ɱħɽĻٶȼ죬Щ֮ĻֻҪԶסͼܰѾԵ׷ҪǣǸ͵סԵĹ
ǾǴħӡɱֱܹɱ󲿷ֵħɽһħɽĲ٣һ붼ǽкܶ໹ֻα
ס֣Լ׷ɱħɽĻħĿѡ
λס֣Ҿ͵ס֣Цһ
ҪҪʬΣħ״
ħɽħͷɱԣǵʱȫû֮ģС޵߻ǸճõĺͯһŲŹħɽĸ߲㣬ħͷǺںģҪȻħɽҲܾܾ˾˵ħͷô֮ħͷ
Щħͷħɽл۳ġħɽʵǼλ֮İԲٴɫβԵ׳ǣħں
ھɱ˼ħǽס˾ԡ
ħսȦЩŵħͷ׷ħ£ܶħͷµĿžԣҲħͷžԵ۾ƺҪ
׳ڵɱټŵħͷħ󡣶ǵطսҲֹͣ޷ħͷŭĳ޵һһΧɱ
׼ҵĳԱͰ׳޵ߣҲûɢȥǶ˾ԵߡȰ׼Ҹ߲㣬ҲʣǶ̷˵ҩߡ
ħˣˡ̫ǿˣһʵǿħ˵
ǰǶǶ֡ʩչķֲǻޡ
ħ˽ɱ
ħɽʵǿĻ׷׿ڡ
ԣ֪Ϸ˭ħžԺʡ
ҹ˭ֻЩԵɱ޹ֻһ˵
ߣƾ㣬Ҳֹħɽ֮壬ûܵסħɽ·ħŭȵ
ǾԿЦ˵
ħȳ֡
ܣħӿ紵ɢǷУƺİ
վھİˣ嶼Ľ
һͬɱħͷ˵
ãħͽԸһ֣һ̤ħ˹ȥ


2289 ˭Ҫ۱
ħս֮ƵȰҪһಢܴ󡣶ңΪħɽħǿı϶Ҳٲˡ
֮ǰƴǰħΪθҲмΪֶι࣬ǲҲɱ
ħ뾰ԽֺµħͷҲ׼ҺͰ׳ǵ޵ٶɱΪǰ̶ʱڱԸɵ˴ϼħͷʱħɽħͷʵѾռκơ
ң׼һһλ֮ĻޣҲºº֮޽ųɱɾ;ˡһȥЩϾħͷûܵסġ
˴׳ǵħɽħͷҲһλ֮ĻޣҪάӣѳԸ׳޵ߡǵ۱ƥɲٿҲȽѡһ޷ٿء
ħܾޱߵħĶԾչħ֮У񶯵һ޵ߣֻħд޷о
ɾʲôˣ
ǿޱȣЩӰ첻ֺ
𣡡
һоʩչĺɫЩų¶ȵĻħУħǱÿһܣһƬյħ޵Ҳ򣬱Եľؿơ
ħɽħѵ㱾𣿡Цһ
ھ𽫴󲿷ֵħ󣬾ԻӶ׽֮ħն˳ȥ
Ļ֮Ѿ𼶵ķƷϣ֮ʱ޷ȣǻ֮ǾԼķˣһھܣҪȾʩչܻҪֲң֮ںϹе
һ˺ѿռ䣬ź嫵ѹת˲ɱħǰ
ħ˫չǰһЩϸСĶܣһɵ̿һϸո̿ԾʹӦаϢŨѪƺ׳ǡ
ڻɵϹâɢ󣬿ԿѪɫâӿ
¡һ촫
֮ݺݵĻڻɫϡħһһ㵹˳ȥ
ǣܵĻɫϲδ顣֮ĽâҲûܴ͸ȥ
Զסħüͷ΢΢
һܣԼһǷ죬ҲûƾԼֵԶͫ𣬿Ҳס
ǿķͷ
Сӣƾ㻹˵㡣ħԼٶ·˹
˵ɣʵϷžԵһҲܲܡʩչķ䵲סһǽ̺Ŀ𶯣ҲĲ١۵ħʮ֮һӡ
ħʶ뾰ԽֲܳʱӣҪɱԻ߻ܾԣͱսپԽãԽΪ
ھħֵʱͷŽɫ֮⣬˲ˡ
ţӰϰ
⼸λ֮İ벼ǲݺʵȻע˰׳ǵ־Ա󣬱Ӹϵ
˵󣬻кȻҲ׳ǵĲƴк
λ֪ħֵ˭𣿡ţӰӺܴ󣬷·ۣĿһɨλ˵
˶΢΢һЦ
֮ǰ֪˾ԵݱҲڷţ̽鵽˾Ե
ǰ֮Ůױٻ޵ߣֽоԡ˵˸ʱڤվȻѾ֮ˡ˷˼Ц˵
˵ʵǲǼ֮°֮壬¡ϰ˵
޵ߣӦò᳤ʳǵɣƲȷ˵
Ҳһǰ챻ٻ޵ߣҲвٶҲˡϰҡҡͷ
ǿħˣ˭ܻܶԷĿڳϿսֵӰ֮ϡ
Ǻǣħɽħеı͸ֶΣ²ǼٰɣǾԣ֮ǰֻϾ磬жٱҿһսĽħʤţӰһ˫Ц˵
ϼһӶˡǼλѵӾһ㶼𣿡ţӰһתһ۽ɫϵ
䣬˶˵ˡ
ӣǿǵ۱ʳʮ壬֪ĵ۱˭Ūһ۱У


2290 Ѫɫ
ƵˣζŪһ۱֡ӾǰҪ˵⼸λĶǲƭ˵
ǡȴһСͷѹϯѹħɽĴħ
ţӵѣѵ𣿡ƿţӵ
ţɫ΢΢һ䣬ЦһҲǿЦǺǡ
棡
֣Ƶ˾ԲǡΪ滹ŵʱҲ֮İ֮һ֮ΨһŮ԰ȻŮԣʵȴ˿ȲưС
վˣˣħɽĴħ
λħһֵħɽλħħɽҲ޷ۼôħͷ֮壬ųɵħͷۼħɽ
λħһҲ֣ħɽÿһʱͻѡһȻǣ⼸λħֵġԱȽǿĳУܻλħλħԸһУһһλħεİ׳ǣֻħħˡ
λħȻٳٹ¶棬ʵȴǿ˾Ϊŭ˴ħűɱ˵ħֻһоɱ棬ܶ
ǸҶӣǾ͵ŴħɱŰɣħʵ֮ǿǶ޷
Ҳǣħ㹻ֲʵܹס۱ʳʮ壬֪жǿõ۱ӻħɽλֲĴħ
ȻˣħɽλħҲ֡ʧܣҲʲôħɽǣʧܣҲͬһм֡
Ϊˣһһֵסħɽǣ֮ǿߵʵʱھо޴

ýˣħɭɭ
ܻɫϣʼά֡һ෨ںϹеĻ֮ƿ
ħ˵仰֮һɫԲԲǺֱܴҲͱȳƴһ㡣ԲɫޣѪһ㡣
ħóԲ󣬾Եĺ֮һ͡
Ũɱ¾Ϣֱ۳ʵһ㡣
ȻʶѪɫԲȷһµ𼶹Բ֮µǿߣԼ
ħע֮£ɫԲ֮ϣŷ׳Ͽգɫ⻪֡ɱ¾ϢУҪħǰͷŵħֲöࡣ
Եı飬ҲλħӦҪɱˡ
Ѫɫ񻷣ϰ
ţȷʵѪɫ񻷡ħȻôͶѪɫá
ǰԸѹܴƺսپˡ
λɫؿħеԲ
֣ͽѪɫ񻷡Ѫɫ񻷣ʳʮ嶼кܴһȿµ
𼶷УѪɫõ۹Ĵڡ
Ѫɫ⣡ħһХı
һХѪɫ֮ϣһŵĺɫâ
Ѫɫؼưȡ
ѪɫؼƵ˲İ
ƵȻӽɫ֮⣬ɽѪɫؼͷΪһؼв⼸λһСģǶѪɫ֮¡
ؼУʳǵҲСؼʩչ޵߱ҲкܴӰ죬ؼʩչҪ޵һĴۡ
ں֮бԻɱ¾˹ʥʩչؼˡ
ѪɫؼʩչҪ޵ߵ塣ģɲô򵥡ĿԿٻظָɾͺˡ
ޱҪħȻᶯѪɫ⡣
ѪɫؼѪɫ񻷷׵ġɱΪˣƵ˶һҲԵֵ
Ƿ񰡣
˭˵ǣѪɫؼˣĻܾԣԼʧҲСֱ𣬻ָѡλħа취ٻָ塣ţӰ˵
Σˡ
ѪɫѪɫ⣬ɱǿҲñشɣ⼸λžԡ
ڶҲסԶԶһ⣬ͷƤȫ˵ֱǺˡ
ʱľԣȷʵҲȫʶѪɫ񻷣ؼѪɫҲ˽⣬ⲻ֪ǺƥĹ
Ҫˣһͺ𣬺Ʈ


2291 㲡Ҫ
Ѫɫ۵ĺԱ֮ռеֽһ
Ѫ
صѹ·񷶼в
ħӡɱ
ʩչħӡɱڽؼѪɫ۵ĺǰһƬռ䡣
ħӡɱռǺӴռ䣬ֻգۼ䣬㽫ռѹ˽ȥһĻڰ׳ڵ޵ڰ׳޵߶
⽫ռѹȥһһƬռǲ顣
ͣҲզࡣ
Ѿ֮ʩչħӡɱֱɱ֮޵ߣʩչַȴɾͽħӡɱ
黯
У
𣡡
ȫ߶ʩչ𼶷ھٺ󣬾ٶȵն֮
һʱ䣬ھ帽ַ򲨶͹â嶼סռڣһƬ硣
ǲƵȰ޷ԵӰֻѪɫγɵĺ⣬ȻɼֻһƬпǰС
γɵĺɫÿں֮ϣҲֻú³һЩ
Ѫɫ񻷷ѪɫؼĹ̫ǿˡ
Сӣˣħҧݡ
ʱ⣬ҲľʹʩչѪɫ⣬άʱԽܵ˾ԽءǾʩչֶεֵ⣬ȼո塣
ʱħȴ侧
ʵǳǿʩչѪɫܽɱֻҪܽɱԼҲֵõġɱԼ¾׳ǣɱе顣
䣡
ǻУһ޴ıը
񷣬ҵռըѣ䡣ܲϯ﷽Բڰ׳ڣһЩû󷨱С޵ߣֱӾͱɢ
ʱ˿̣ЩսеħͷͰ׳ǵ޵ߣͣ֡ȫ΢΢Ҳòֵ˷
Щ޵ߣʶ̧ͷϿա
ٺٺ١㻹С֣
ħз}˵Ц
Ļʾ𽥱
һУǺɱң˵㣡Ե֮
ʲôħЦþΪѾѪɫ֮¡
ȻûӰȴԵȻԲδѪɫɱϧȼʩչѪɫ⣬Ȼûɱոͻ֮δӡľԣ
ûưҲ
ȻţȻסħؼѪɫ⣿
ôܣǼ涼סѪɫ⡣ţӰ𺳵
⼸ħѪɫ⣬׼֣ȷʵܵǣҲҪǿķѪɫؼǿԲδʹʲôķûʱ
Ѫɫ۵ĺڽӽԺһƬռ䶼ɻˣǸͿԣǲȷյסѪɫûʹķڿӰ֮ǰȷûʹ÷
ΪǱӽɫݸҲ޷̽սʵϾܽ׳ǣҲ̽龰ԺħɱǵܸշŹȥͻᱻܵľԻħǶǼ˲ε޵ߣȫУܵķѾͬ̽ȥ
ˣĵסˣ
ϰָ֣ħӰ˵
ʱľԣ΢ЩǾȣͿشˡֱֳ׽Ϲâת
ԣϴ΢Ц۾Ŷħ
ħˣЦһ
֮貵Ľŷħɱȥ
ħæͼֵ
Ӱɱħֵ֮ʱԵӰɱϢĶħϯ˹ȥ
ʱħѾ𣬶Իķȵ½״̬ӰɱܶӰ죬ɴʱڴ״̬
֮⣡Ӱɱͷź󣬾Կû֣ͣţʩչ֮Դе׹ҫ
֮Դһ׹ҫ𾳽羰Уǽȡǻʵܶÿվ
̣׹ҫγɵɫ׹ڿռѴݡ
ħһ춯صĲҺ屻Ӱɱ˵ķӦ˺ܶࡣܵɫ׹ܺƺѾ֪Ϣ


2292 ۱
ħ־֡
һɫ׹⣬˲Ϣ͵ĽǰȻܺɫħȻŨɺɫħ͵סɫ׹⡣
оɫ׹̺ϵܡ
ܣⲻܣôôǿħ˫Ŀ죬
ˣ
ľʹеѪɫӶþȫڿռ˺һѷ졣
Լ޷סɫ׹⣬߾˺ռ䣬Ҫܡ
Ϊħɽħ֮һħıֶȷʵ١ʱʹõģǴմ͡
ֶΣ뾰Ի츳ֶմеơմ͸ΪǿᣬԶմɱȡʱħڰ׳ǣʹôմͣ˲ϢصħɽȻֶβͨ޵еģħֶΣǵħɽħ
ħɽħΪħɽ༸λħһƳ涴ͨͨÿһħħΣʱʹôֶοٻصħɽ
ħ˲ˣʲôʧ֮飬ѾϾǣΨһģӳȥ
һѷҲ˲֣ͬʱħӰҲõ
С֣Ϸ򡭡ģħӰȥʧٶȴ
飬˺ܶࡣմѾЧ뿪׳
ž
ɫ׹⣬ڿʧѷϣһ촫ѷ⡣
ħһûϵıٴαȡѷ⣬Ӱɫ׹⣬ֱӴ͸塣
ԿħȫҲԼʱӿ׹䡣Ѫɫ񻷣ڿУɢŨҵɱ¾Ϣ
ħһͷԵڰ׳ǵϣȫʧѾһƬ
ħնɱˣ
ʹôմһֶΣ£֮޵ȷʵܽǣ׹ҫǷǴմͣҲһܲס׹ҫܡħǰһʱʹôմͣǵܹ˳ߣϧʹõʱѾˡ
ħˣţӰһĭ
մͶˣȻˣ
ɫ׹ʲôȻƳմͣϰһ
̫ˡԣǿססѪɫؼնɱħư۾
⼸λ֮İ֮ǰΪԻᱻѪɫشԲûشɱħħΪմͶóȴûܱסĵ
ɫ׹⣬ƺֹ
ѣ㷢ʲôưתĿʵ
Ҳ̫ȷΪпһԵ˵һ䡣
ˣ͵һǳʱĳĬ
⾰ԣôܹ
ΪħѾɱڰ׳ڵħɽħͷʿҲʧȥˡڰ׼ҺͰ׳޵ߵĹ֮£ħͷǽڽڰˣ˲ء
ֱһħĶ
û̼׳ڵսһڳĸ߼ӽȥ
ħɽĸ߼ԼŴħɱзӦӰһֹͣٿӡеӻΪһɫУٶӴܡ
ֻٶȣȫ޷뾰ȡֻգۼ䣬ͱ׷ϡһɫ׹ͷų׹߼߼ǻޣ֮ͨ޵Ҳǿʲô׹ҫУıɱ
߼׹䣬ԻӳһϵƷ˹ΪעĿģǽɫ۱ӡ
Ƶ˶ӷԣӶҪɳǶ۱ʱɫѾʧȫԽӽȥǾӾԶҪӱ֮ǰᵽּǲܡ
ټϣԱֳʵҲɵλվûжᡣ
ٴμ׳սȦٻɱŵħͷҪѰЩ֮ĻһһûмħɽĻܵסĴħӡɱ
һ֮սյʱڽӽ׳ǵħͷȫûûһܻӳȥ׼ҺͰ׳ǵ޵ʧأվǳɹסħɽħͷǡ
ʵǿ޵ߣˣǴʱУȫ˷ܺϲáʤˣǻˣǳɹĻħɽħͷ
ӽԺ󣬰׳Ҳҫ֮塣
һȺԽǰ
׳ԾԣϹ


2293 Ǵ
֮λͬϹ
ûоԣհ׳Ǳƣ˶ЩħɽħͷС
λؿ԰ֵҪлҲӦСлٻ޵ߡ
˶Ц
ȷʵǰױٻģԾԵʵ˭ҽ䵱ѰıٻߣħħɶھС
ƴˣ
ϴˣ

˶ŹһȺ˼ΪˣǲƵȼ֮İ
׼ǱǸûܰæǸ԰˵
׳ǵֵħɽħͷɸͲͻӽɫϡǾԣҲֻŰ׳ǱΪƽء
ƴˣǶ֪ƴ˾ˡæ˵
Ƶͷûٶ˵
ԵѡƶԾԹ˹֡
ԵţӰά
λ֮İ뾰ԴкҲĻ񡣶λ֮ǰֻ֪Ƶݣ˶Ǻ׳ǵġŰ˶˼˵ĻþҲ֪༸˵ݣ֪˶֮
ԵѣɷҸطģϰžԵ
Ŷһ
ͷãû⡣
λ뾰ԣ˰׳ǣһƫƧǣûиšλ֮İҪ뾰Խ̸ûʸ롣
׼Һͳڵ޵ս޸нͬʱҲһЩʦ޸ĴһΣڰ׳ǵħͷ֮ʮ֮࣬Щħͷ´ıԴ

Եѣ֪ܹͷųɫݵıʲô𣿡ϰʵ
ˣҲžԡ
ҡͷ
治֪Ǻֻ֪Ѿķ롣ֻǷųһϣЩ޲ߣ𼶷Ӧеܡ
쵱ȻҲ֪ӣδüѯʡ
ҡͷλ
Եѣ֪ħɽɣڵ
˵һЩ֮ʱ䲻̫һǵһμħɽ޵ߡ˵
ħɽλħħеҲΪħԵѾãħʵΣϰӿʵ
ǿ죬Ҳλ۷𡣡ʵʵ˵
ħʵӦԶԶ֮ͫϡԶͫڷ춼Ǻǿ֮޵ˡħڷ죬ǵһе𡣵ȻʵӦǱһء
֮ʵ࣬ͬǷǳ޴ġ
컹ʳǵʷһЩ˲֪£ʵ󡣶ң޵߻ӡӡƷͬܲͬ޴󡣵𱮵޵ߣʵԺ
ڵľǻصҲûоԵİտԵ𱮡
ţħħɽλħУʵɲǿħħħʵ൱⼫ΪħԵǲ¡ħɽĴħޱǿǿߡ
˵ɡħħ֣һжסϰͷ˵
ôҲе⡣
ħѾǿȴħһжסǴħʵǿʲô̶ȣ
ģԵѲػɡ֮壬йһλʵĸࡣǼʵܱħҪ΢ǿһ㡣ȴħɽħһɱˡţӰһ˫͹ӿž˵
λ˵ЩСħɽħ𣿡ʵ
⼸λｫԼӳڽг˵Щƺ⡣
Եˣ
ȻħɱµĻħɽħᱨħʧܱɱǰӿħ׷¡һλħˣܿͻµħȥưЦЦ
һ£ȴǴħġưһת
ûǼԵѣǼӣһ۱ϰӿ˵
۱һ
ʱ򣬾Ҳ˵۱ɵʹõķ
ǵ۱ӡﶪʧħɽħưոݡԵʵȻǿܱǻҪǿһЩסħԣ۱ڵϣֻǻϰ˵
ŶôҸأ۾һ¡
Ҳ򵥣ֻҪԵѽ۱ɡϰ˳Ƶ


2294 
ھԽк󣬲˱һ£ԲڵһĻ
۱ӵջʵ̫ˡ
ֱӴħɽħᣬûǸӣھУĿɲԾʹˣ˵ǽɹ˿ء
ܼ򵥣ǴӾлӣλħҲ˵ǡ˽ӻħɽĴħλħôҲøÿһݺɣ
һ˵ħɽĴħû̾ҵҪӣǾͿԽӴʳǡĸ˵ʵҪסѶȺܴ󣬵ʳǣǿԽ׸ʳǵĴͬо޴ĺô
ΣŪӲл
ϰĻЦ
⼸ǸԼħɽħʵжôֲԼӽǴԼСɣ
˵ʵĸ֮ϣһЩҲ׽͸ǡ
ھԿ˵ΪЩЦ
λѵĹģҺܸм
ħɽĴħȷʵǿҿҲסħ
һǴԼͲλˡԻ˵
Եѣ㡭ϰɫ΢΢һ䡣
ԵĪΪĸҪڲƭӲɣţӵž޴Ӷžԡ
ʵǾڲƭӡ
Ҫ󰡣
ħɽĴħԲֵܵġһоͱħɱѵΪԼڴħлӣħԲŹ㡣̾һ
⼸λԾʱֻвư˵Ļࡣʵв̫֧λ˼Щ
λض˵ǵ۱ȻѾУҾ׽ȥλħҪûӣ͵ÿûǸʵˡն
ϰɫ
˶һۡ
⼸λ϶˶˼뵽ħɽħԺɱηͼɵ⼸ʵȻ΢ħǿһ㣬ǿҲޡԺɱħɫ׹⣬ܿҲûĿԵס
˼ˣҲֻܽͷѹȥԾԶӣ̫ˡ
ȻԵѲ飬Ҿȸˡϰһ仰ͷҲصȥ
ţţҲתжȥ
ư˿ԣ˵ԵѣħɽĴħʵȷʵǳ£ղǼԣ޿ŵĳɷ֡˵ЩҪ㽫ӸңֻϣСһЩ
ưܳϿҡ
ţһСģлƵѡԶԲư˹֡
Ҳֻ񣬶뿪
λ뿪󣬾Իص׳֮ڡʱսѾڰ׼Ҹָ߲´ɨϣıﱻѼһħɽħͷȫû´Դ
ħɽħͷµԴԽԴ͵ǰ
һħɽǣǾԺճЩ˴ʱ¶ѾˡЩԴȻ󣬵Ҳ֪ء
Եͷ̿һ﷨
ڵľ˵ѰԴ塣ϣڻǧڵھʯء
Ѿ֮ҲͶķͺϱȽں
ЩħͷµԴУϲ࣬ɨһ飬ԼõϵĲϷֳתƵǬڡ
׼ʣµĶɣָŴʹ﷨˵
ôԣҡͷ
׼Ҫƴǣһħɽħͷǣ׳ʧء󷨡ݻٺܶ࣬ҪԴ޸кܶˣҲҪҩˡ˵ЩûʲôôԼ˵
ԲǼƴǣҲαĶ˵ȻҲҪЩħͷѹԴԣæл󣬱˽ʣµԴȫȥ
ʱ򣬰ױ߹
ԴնɱħͷǸħɽħھУױ˶ˡЩ׼һĳԱʱھǰҳֻǲϸлԵľ֮
Զǵºͣױͽ˵˼仰󣬰ױҲլԺæָн
׼мҪ̸̸Գ˵
Ը
ӣ׼֪ʡ
֪ǰǽɫְ׳ǣӴ߷ͷ
ӴʱУ˵ħɽħʵǿħ϶жӣЩǣ׳ǡԻ˵
ԵĻıЩŹ֣мֵǣֲԵý


2295 صĴħ
˵ħɽħܶ԰׳ǽбӦΪǡ
ʱı飬ҲЩɻˣķӦе

ʵ㲻Ϊ׳ǵģħɽĴħܻܿҾ㣬Բǣ׳ǡ
ħɽħͷȷʵأ֮岻֪жб¾ǣħɽҲԼĹأһʧܣԲٴιб
ڱȽϵİΣǵ۱ԣħɽĴħ϶ưոݡ˵
˵ԵǰĲ١
ҾͷˡԵ
ôأȷʵЩľԡ
ˮڡ׼㲻عˣȥæɡЦЦ˵
˶٣Ҳֻиǡ
ﲻϾԡ
׼ҺͰ׳ǣҲﲻϾԡһħǰ׳ܹԸ˵ģ˵ԽҪԵħɽħˡ
ҿ㲻ǰʳǡħɽħȻǿ󣬿ʳڣħӦҲɵȥԳһ⡣
ţ֪ˡԵ
ڣֻоһˡ
ȡѪɫ񻷣ħʹõ𼶷ܺ嫣ɱ졣ԿеѪɫ񻷣Ũɱ¾Ϣ
ҡҡͷ
ѪɫȷʵǿҾȷŰɣѪɫϴӵ·סǬ䡣
󣬾ֽħ߼µԴһ顣
Բȡӣ
۱ӣ
ڴ֮ǰڻ죬Զۼ۱
ԵӣԶһѶϢӣѪɵʹùλѪɵۣǼԶŵɵˣ֪ж²¶ӣҲ֪Ǵʲôʱ䵽ħɽħС
͸ӣСԴһ۱Բκδ⡣
ûʱ䣬Աüͷ
Ȼ޷͸
ֻܿΧĵ
ʵ㡣ٴҡͷ
ѹħֻ赲ƽ룬ңʹӷ԰ת
ȻǷԵĵ۱һ۱Ȼֻ򵥵ķĹͬǼĿ¡ֻǣԴ߶ʹðˡ
ʵҲȷʵˣԲǿΧ޷ӡڵľԣҲܼ򵥵Ӱˣ޷۱ͷų
ֻоˡ
ģܿӵϢҲһЩ󣬱ɽһĲٿӡԳŽ

ħɽ
֮弸޵ߵĽءħͷ֮⣬û޵߸ⴳħɽ򣬳ǻĲͷˡ
ʱħɽ߷֮ϣһӰ첽Ƕ߷ϣһӰƺѾվãǱŵɽ·
ħոյɽӰ󣬹񣬿к
ˣħɽĴħλħȴǲħͷۣħϣһɫųۡ
ûп˵ֻǾţ·û֮˵
ħսڰ׳ǣȥ׳ǵȫû˼˵
ˣħɽĶħԿֻһֱۣ֮һŽħʵҪ³һֱ̫ˣȴһֱŶۣ˵˵ԭԶסһˣλһֱ۵ĳˡ
ħȻû˵
ħƬ̣һֱͷ
һ󣬶ħħ۱ӶˣյһоԵ޵УǱٻߣҲǴˣɱ⡣
ӹϵش󣬶ħֽ
ħĿǰڰ׳ڣǲǴȥһˣٽû³䡣ħͷ˵
ħɽĹأڶιһСǵħɽԱɱħɽҲ˱ħɽȥ׳ǣЩħɽأӹϵ̫ش󣬾Բʧȥ
ʱ򣬴ħֱ̧ۣת
ħϣȻһŹߡ
֮壬û˼ħĿ˵ʳʮ壬Ҳûۼ֮ħɽħĿ
λħʵǿò˼飬Ҳ쳣ء
Ѿ֪ˣȥɡħЩɳƣƽӵĶʧƺδκεĽ


2296 ħŮ
۱ʧħɽĴħ
ħԼȥħͷҲĺܡΪħɽħѾܾúܾãУҲܶ۱ǿߡЩˣնڻ߰ڴħС˽ʱգѾû˸Ҵӵˡ
ҲΪˣħŻħӴȥԭʮþȵжȴ⣬۱ӶǸоԵıٻС
ǣħӦһ
ڴħǰûеΥ棬ȻħѾ˵֪ˣͲٶ˵
ħ뿪ɽ󣬴ħԾá
ɽХ
Ҳ֪˶ãħڶ˶塣
ҸȥһˡһöӴħд
ħʱǻᾪӡ
ΪͲ˵
Ŷħħڵʱ򣬴ħɳƴأɴʱɽֻдħһϸŮԡ
ħɽĴħѵһŮˣ
Ϣȥ֮޵߶ò˼顣
ħɽĴħٹ¶棬ħɽǣλħжǣ֮޵ʳʮ֪ħɽ޵ߣΪħһʵ޵ߡ
ħɽλħҲһֱΪħԡλħҲδħĿ
ȥһ˰ɣħٴε˵һ䡣
Ӱ΢΢һϢʧħɽһߵɽ֮ϡ

λħɽôûʲô
һֺĹڣϰü˵
ﲻϰ⼫Ϊ֮İҲڡ
뿪׳Ǻ󲻾ã;ۼһǿӣħɽ϶̾дĶħɽ㲻׳ǣҲһȫӶȥ
λ˵뷨УȻʵǿǼʵǿǾԲصס۱ǲӹ黹ħɽħɽĴħضɱԶӡ
Ǿۼһ𣬶ħɽĶ
ڰ׳ǵʱһԾ飬ӣԲûͬ⣬ûнӽǡˣ⼸λԾԲ˺ܲ⼸УҲͲưϣħɽħС
λȥħɽȴ޶ǵȻе
ȷʵܹŹ֣ħɽλħôģţӰζԴ
ħɲĴˡʧôסҲɻ
벻ͨ벻ͨϰվ
ħ鵢޷ǰ׳ǣλħҲ޶İɣţӰ˵
ڵǣħɽûκζͺӸûжʧһ㡣ǣۼӱǾ˹ȥϰ
ߣҲŴħ᲻Ҫˡҿħ϶ȥ׳ûӵġư˵
⼸λۼһ۵ʱħɽĴħѾĵĵִ˰׳ǡ
һϮɫ۵Ĵħڵִ׳ǺûֱӽС
ڳеϿգųڵ޵ڻָһĽΪϴŹߣҲκα仯
ħڳϿͣãʱ򣬳û˷ִħ˺һᣬ޵̧ͷʱħӰ
ôǰ׳ǵϿգ
ʲô
㿴˭ǰ׳ǵ޵𣿡
ȷִħӰ޵ߣߵ˵
ǣߣӦòǰ׳ǵ޵߰ɣ˵
ţ²ǰ׳ǵ޵ߡü˵
֪ˣһ˵ǰ׳ǵֵסħɽǣǰͶǰ׳ǵġţ϶һȻı顣
ԶԶԣˡԺͶ׳ǵǿ߻ԽԽ࣬ǰ׳Ҳǿʢ޵Ƕ˷
ֻôǡǿ׼ɡ˵
Ϣܿ͵˰׼լԺ
׼Ҽ죬ҲõϢ
ŶôǿͶ׳ˣǺ£˵ϢЩͬʱҲȽϸˡ
׳Ǿǰ׼ҵĳУǿͶ׼ҵȻˣ׼ҰͲð׳ڵǿ޵ԽԽá
һֱڳϿգҲСҪȥһλ׼ҳ˵
ȥɣħɽ֮󣬵һͶǰ׳ǵ޵ߣǵó㹻ĳ̬ȲСڰ־˵
׼λϵͷͬ
󣬰˳ȥԺ̧Ŀһȫ΢΢һ𣬲һͷԵ


2297 Ϥı־
ͷƤһ顣
ħɽħڹ¶棬֮ͨ޵߼ʶħɽħģ׼ҵһɸ߲㳤϶δħɽħˡǣ׼Ҽȴʶħɽħһ档
ʱϿһӰ̾˳ȻħɽħһֱǴŹߣװѾȷ˾ħɽħ
ͷֱ˿Լƽ
Ҫ˵λħţǾƭ˵ģ˵ǰˣ֮Ǽħɽħ¶޷ƽ
ôˣ׼ҳϰװȸڰ࣬Ҳı仯
Ű컹˵ȥͶ׳ǵǿߣʱôֹͣˣ
ȳϣˡǴħ쿴Űװȣ͵˵
˻~װɫһףԺСˡһ
ħɽħ׳ˣʱڰ׳Ͽա
һ쵹Ǿ֣ħȻѾִ׳ǣΪֻڳϷأħ׳ǣӦòҪݻٰ׳ǣΪģɴħӾûӣҲӦüǰ

ͣƬ̣һ
ܿ죬͵˾ԵľװȳҲŰ졣
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ԤϵħɽĴħ׳Լ⡣
׼صģȥǡǰҲ˵ħɽᱨ׳ǣǴħҪӣӦҲٶ԰׳ְɣԵĿĺܡ
ħٶ԰׳֣ô찡λħʵҵȿİ
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Ըճ䣬΢̧ͷͿϿһɫӰ
壬΢΢߶ǷȥվڴħĶ档
λħžԴ·ûκζû˵
ԵһᣬħûκηӦȿڵħ
Ǿԣħڿ˵ˣȻɳƵ
ħɽħжţԽԽ׳ǵ޵߾ۼۿ׼ҵĳԱȸ߲㶼վԺͷա
ǾԡԵͷ
ԳԼݺ󣬴ħȻһ֣һħȻ߶ͷ΢΢һͼ߶׼ɱոմ߶ԾֹͣΪִħ߶ҪԼΪģͷһĻ
ӹĻϢӦŸЧϡȵȣ޷͸һϡĻŤ仯ԺʹħӰ޷ˡ
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ħ˼񲢲ҪԼ֣֡ﻹбҪͷŸϣħ󣬴ħûѯʵ۱ӣȷųĸϡλħɽĴħΪЩ˿͸
ԣɱ⡣ħڣɳƴأ·ûκθ顣
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ɱõֶΣ֮Դеħ˵
仰۾ȻһЩԾתһ룬λħʵɲ⣬Ȼʳǵ򣬵֪߼ɵ۵֮ԴҲ
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㣬Ǵʲôطѧϰ֮Դ㣬ӦòԱڵˣҲûѧϰ֮Դģһˣôܹ֮Դħ̧˼֡
˼תλħɽħ֣׳ǣǻ۱ӣȴ֮Դ顣ѵ֮Դ⣬ǵ۱ҪҪ
۾ϸĴħû̻شħ⡣
۲֮Уͫ΢΢һ
ΪһϤı־۾ٴЩŵĿŶĴħ
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2298 кβ
ħŹߣߺǹŹ֣˵ǿħò۾ܸоħĿһֱԼ
ħٴѯʣûмĬ
ҴӻԪڽԪ֮ǰͨɵڻĿ飬Ҳʱҵõɵ۵֮ԴСԻش˵
ӻ絽ԪҲʲôص飬ö֪ڸյԪʱ򣬾ݣΪʱֻеΪʵ̫Сˡ֮Ҳû֮޵в
ҪǣûдӴħϸоǿҵĶ⡣λħɽĴħǳѧ֮Դһġ
ԾλħɽĴħܿɵʲôϵȻˣƶϣɲΪħѯѧϰ֮ԴģǴħڲǸǡԣֱǣӡ̡
˵仰һֵħþóĬˡ
˺һʱ䡣
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˵Ǵӻ絽˻ԪΪʳǵ򣿡ħɳƵʵ
ʳǵΪ˵õϾ죬٣Ǻ֪Ƿ죬ͬԵõ͵ȻΪ˵ǸߵȻˡ˵
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ʱȷλħɵкĹϵʲôϵǲȷħ׳ǣԼ󣬾ٳٲʵ۱ӣҲ֡
ԣɱʱҲ˻԰ɣħʵ
ûҽʱʹһֽطƺˣҳûʹûӰɱ壬Чǳֱӳϡ
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֪һֲĵ͵ȻѵӰɱ֮𣿡ħƺ΢Щ仯
ԸղŻ˵ѵõ͵ȻȺ˵ɱʱùӰɱֻħʶԵӰɱڵ֮ġֻǣݴħ֪֮ǧʱ䣬ǧʱ䣬ѵһֻ
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ħ˵ûȷʵڰ׼ҵõӰɱᡣԵͷ
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Լɱħɽħֶ˵۱ӣħ׳Լûжӵ˼ȻԼ벻õߵȻ
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ħһ䣬ʦɵʲôϵûֱӻشħ⣬תʵ
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֪ɵ۵ĹϵҵǿԸ㡣ȥħɽõߵȻҲ԰æͬȥħɽ
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Ǽλ֮˼λħɽĴħһоɱĴڣѾĻƭԼħɽȻٳɱԼ
ȻˣûзִħڲıǣҲħȥħɽڣԵİջġħ̫ɵ۵ĵˡ
Ϊڻ׾ܿʱռڿһģһıǡ
кβң΢Ƭ̾͵
ã͸߰ɡħһ֣ܵĸ˲Ϣʧ߶ħɽٷȥ
Խ׷ȥ
·İˣһֱΪԵģǲ֪ħ;ʲôʱύ֡ΪħͷŵĸԵʣҲ֪ħ뾰Զ̸һЩʲô
ǹʧˡħջظ˽һ


2299 ħ
һֱ̧ͷգ۾գġ
ħջظϣǶ̾ͷˡ
ֻǽһĻȴ޷ˡȻħɽĴħˡ
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Ȼ̫ܣħɽĴħʲô黹ӣħһ֣ܲħԲỻһطٶԾ֡
ȥ췴Ӧæһ
׼ħȥħɽͣȸˡԵԶԶ
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ħɽħѾִ׳ǣǾ군ˡ
ߣҲǾȡӽǴȴ顣
ڴħȥ׳ڶˡ
˺޺޵ĵ
⼸λħɽΧͰ׳Ǹߡħ뿪ħɽʱǵûзħɽħڰ׳Ͽôʱ䣬ŪôĶǵ벻ֶѣЩ̾ʹϢ
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Ŀһת𾪵˵λѣħɽħڰ׳ǣû뾰Դħ뾰ԣƺ̸һЩʲôȻ뾰ȥħɽˡ
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ϵҲӵԼߴӰ׳ǴصϢ
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ħɽ£ҲǼɹ֪ʲô˵Щħͷ
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ԣȥӣ֪𣿡ħһת
вһ˵ˡǵ۱ȻԼѾŪ֣Ȼ׷ˡӣʱƿأֻ͸ΧƣڲƿزԺƿء
ܷӳӵܹսɾͲһǰˡħħͷڰ׳ǵʱһ޸߼򵥴߶ͷŵĽɫϣ赲ư˽롣ӵܣɴ˿ɼһߡ
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룬ħҪԼ黹ӣԼҪҪ黹
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ֱ̧ۣ֮Ľ
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2300 ҹɵ
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ղ˵˭֪ҹɵŮԣħǰ¶ݡλħɽħŮˡ
ʳǵʱ䲻֮ܳʱҲһֱڰ׳ǡǣħɽħϢ١ЩϢ֮УǽħָΪ޵ߵġ
ԣԴʱһĻܲȡ
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ħɽħľҹɵۣ˵۱ԭλħ
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ȷʵǴﵽɵֻ֮ǺһЩõ飬ֻʣ֮ΪˡħĿ⿴ƶˣı黺˵
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ħɽλħһֵġħɽ֪¾ٳУж޹ħɽħͷС˵ЩӦλħͷϡ
λħһݣܾܿҹɵۡԭԷҹɵۣҲ̫⣬ҲʶλҹɵۣǶŮڲıǣɵкĹϵ
ԳĬˣҪʴħɵ۾ʲôϵкܶǡ
֪ɵ۵Ĺϵ԰ɣħ˵ˡ
ҲЩ棬ôɵʶģħת
ָָ֣ħ䡣
ڴħڲ࣬һɫ±ǡԼ׾򣬾Ϳֺɫ±ǣȫһġ
ħ㵵ĵͷһۡ
ڻ磬ɵۿʱ꾻ռ䣬±ǡԵ
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ھ˵ɵʦˣϾõɵ۵֮ԴСҹɵɵ۵ãôҹɵ۾ǡʦˡ
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Զɱ޹ħͷûκκøСԻԥĻɱڣͺѰˡȲ˵ܴܲù˵ҹɵۣܴܺ޸ɱԼʦ
ԣǲɱңҹɵӿžԣһĨ΢Ц
ҡҡҡͷ
ֻǡЩ̫ףҲ֪ҹɵ㣬ΪҪħɽаЩʵ
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ԣʳǵʱ䲻ѵûзʳǵȻԪҪӵöࡣ죬ƿأȻɱҲɱ⣬һ̶ǱȽȶ԰ɣҹɵۻ˵
ҹɵ˵ʵݾ֪ҲһЩкüİ˸嶼Ƚȶͷࡣ
Եͷ֮壬ȷʵȽҡ
ǰʳǵ򣬱ȻԪҵöࡣ˵֮ɣطħͷܶ࣬ҪȻԪ˲֪ٱûʲôħͷ֮ԭʵǿĲƵȼ޵ߣҲٹħͷǵ飬ǶħͷֻϹۣǣԼǲŻ֡
ҽħɽħͷ£ʵǿħͷħɽĻҿԸĿǡҹɵ˵š
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ʳǵħͷ̫ˣ֮壬ħͷͺܾˡûԼħͷôЩħͷĶֻࡣҹɵ۽ħɽħͷȻħͷȫɱ¾Ҳܾļħͷ
¼ħɽħͷܶΣħɽǰʵѾ˺ܶࡣҹɵҲ¹أֻҪܵסħɽǵĳУħɽ;ԲеڶǣҲκεı
ˣȷʵһȽϺõİ취Եͷ˵
ʱԲȷǰ˾ҹɵˡ


2301 ŵ
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ӻȥĺۣǵ۱ǣҹɵ۵ĵ۱ҹɵԼʦ塣ǿаռӣԵƤȷʵû̶ֳȡ
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ҹɵ۲δϽӹӡ
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λҹɵۣҲ̫˰ɣ۱Ըͳȥ
ӣҶѾû;ˣҪȻҲ㽫Ӵħɽ
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ҹɵڻԪȻɵ۴ʵҲȲɵۣϾɵۣǸ߸ϵĴڡ
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Ե⣬ҹɵ˻Уöû˵
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֮Դ幥еĵڶŻأҹɵʡ
ŻʩչܸߣȻѾȫԸĿǰʩչŻҪʩչҪԷ㹻裬Ҫڷ֮Ҫ󺱼Ĳϡ
ʳǵ֮ǰѾ˰æѰŻʩչϡֻǣڷϻϣҵԴʯȴûκϣˡԻ˵
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Դʯֻвʯϡ١
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ԭлȥ취ѰԴʯڿԼõϣʩչŻˡԼʳǵʱ䣬¥Ѿ¼ֲŪˡҲ˵Լص죬ϣʩչŻˡ
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Ȼ룬ֻǸߵȻƺǳԻãʳǵ򶼼亱Ŀ⾧ҹɵۡ
㲻ңҵҲûиߵȻ伮ҹɵһ۾ͿԵ뷨
ҹɵ˵΢Щʧ
ҲþʧȻûиߵȻ伮ȴлȡߵȻ·ӡֻǡҪǰʳһˡҹɵ˵
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ʩչӰɱԵеʱ׻ǿ¡͵ȻӰɱ׺ǸߵȻأ
ҹɵ۰ﾰԺܶ࣬û˵ʲôȴ¶顣ҹɵû˵Լˣֲɵҹɵ۵ֻƬԿ϶ҹɵۡɵڻԪгˡɵʧ٣ܿҲһһȺйء
ȫȫҹʦָɵ֮ΪҾԣȫԸԼӵʲôû˵ŵԡ


2302 ɽ
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ҹǰʲôʱԶЩȲǰʳѰҸߵȻˡ
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ҹɵ֮ºܾúܾãħɽҲںܾúܾãҹɵ۲δ۶ԴΪΪԼľͲָܻˣҪٶԴҲûʲôôħɽħͷѹεԴҹҲȾָ
ħɽܹôʵ׺ħͷҹħҪϹֱӹϵġ
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ҹǰھʯ𣿡һʵ
ʳǵھʯ޵ʹõĻԴһ̶ϵͬڷõĻҡ
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˵ʳʮԴǱȽѷġĻԼصķֵߣѰԴԪȡ
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ϵھʯ㼸ǧڣߵȻֻҪǧھʯ򵽣ȫûбҪȴˣ̾ǰʳǼǻޡ
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мǧھʯЦ˵
ǧھʯǿǺܴĿˡǻԪЩΪǿ޵ߣҲûǧھʯȴ˵Լмǧھʯ

ԣҵݲܱ¶ǰ㻹ҪΪħҹɵ۴ϹߣҲָɳƶԾԵ
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ǰʳǵڣһ֮֮嵽ʳǣңԶʳǵȻһ󣬿ķԻң֮޵ҪմͶкܴѶȡ
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֮ļλһˡǲ鵽һЩϢֻ֪ħɽĴħħɽ̸һʱ䣬ȻԾһ뿪ħɽǵ۱ûй黹ҲǴħɽһЩħͷǵ֪ħԾԵ̬ȺǺͰħͷۿħһʱ˻˵Цģǿ˾ϵЦݡ
Ȱ벻ͨȴҲ޷ȥҴħѯʣֻܽɻѹĵס
ϰţӰģΪԱɣû뵽ȴĽ
һº󣬾ħǰʳǡ
ʳʳʮģʳǣŲʵǳµ
˵ʳǣɵǿߡֻǣɵݵ޵ȴûм
ҹɵۣûʳǵɵۡҹɵ۶Ծ˵ʳǵȷʵɵ۴ڣֻΪɵ߹ɵ۲˾ǿԷɵ۵ټ
ʮ󣬾Ժҹɵʳǡ
ڼ֮ǰ֮ĲưҲһȽ޵ߵʳǡư޵ߣһ󱲣ڻŲ츳ư֮嶯ʱ䣬ȾԺҹɵһЩ
ưʳǣúܹһλǿƥĻǽʵǰʦ
أΰʦĽҪҪĲǡưŮ޵ߵʳǳڵһɽʱ˵
סصŮ޵ߵͷ
Ҳûͷࡣ
ԼҪʦλʲôʳһָĻǿߡʵǿҲͰˣΪֲλڵĽͽλǰ̳ϻޣ޵Ӷ̳
֪ʱԼǵɽλڵľ
ưأû̾ͼ𡣲֮İλǰ㲻ʲô£Ųɽʱס¡
ɽ־ͽɽ
ʵϣʱǰʳǰݼʮǿ߿ɲֻвưһڲưִ֮ǰвİﵽˣҲʳǳڵǿɽż


2303 
᲻ڵͽÿͽʳǵĴ¡
ʳʮӰĴʸźӵܵɽѰһ޵ߣɽʸûС
ʱ䣬ǿͽʱ䡣
ȻˣͽҲǴķӵѡûб޵ߣҲлʦֻǣЩҪǿĻ츳УбȽƵѡι
ԸҹɵʳǣҲǵɽҹɵħɽԾ˵Ļǿߣָľǿ˵ɽ󣬿һ֮£ҲΪ˰ס
ħɽħ̬ȣҪȶԲưöࡣħɽħʳǶмʱ򣬲֪жǿ˴ħӵ⣬նʧˡħʵʵġ
ǿ𣬶ԴħɽħҲΪӴ͵ĿȻҲǹªŵˣ֪ħɽħǺεǿ
أħҲҹɵˡ
شħ˽ղɽڣȻ˿϶ӭӴ㡣˹˵
ƺǿͽʱ䣬ʱɽħɳ΢΢Щá
ħҪŭȷʵʱ뿪ɽ뿪̫áżħұѾ˴ѶӦúܿͻġЦ˵
ţҵţȥɡħĻ֡
ǣæ¡
ԣҪȼˡ˳ȥ󣬴ħԾԵ
ţ޷ġѾԲûеȼĶûС
һʱȥ
һ죬𷵻ɽɽʳʮ׷ǰ
һˣħɽħ
ʳǵݵλʵȵȷܱȵħɽħҲ
ħʱЩʮİһҲơ
ʱΣħɽħҿʲôǶ֪ħɽħûкӵܣڹȥҲδ޵ҿʦ
֮ĲưҲ˴ħͬ󣬲Ҳûж롣
ȼħɽħЩһûǶӦ顣֮Уûκ˾Լħɽħǿ֮ħɽħһлɱһϢʳǵ
סķС
ħܾûˡۣħ˵
ħԿͷкܾûˣƵã
ûáЦһת˵µ˵һ˹ǻޣ
˵ˣȻָԡ
Ϊħɽħʦġ
ǻޡħ˵Ҵ˴ǴҿƵʦġ
ħǻˡ
ŶЩĿŴħ
ӿƵһߵȻ伮ħſ˵
ߵȻ伮һħߵȻ伮Ҳ֪ġУȷʵиߵȻ伮ҲࡣǱҪֱӾͻؾˡħҪһӣҲҪ㹻Ĵۡ
û⣬Ǿ̸̸ߵȻļ۸ɡħɴĵ

ԴʱɽһڵȴѾ֪ħȥ˿ҲЩϣǳõߵȻʱߵȻû֣һЩġ
ʱ˴˽һϲε޵ߡ
˽󣬶žһָ˵㣬ߡ
˵󣬱ת˳ȥ
Բô£һº󣬻Ǹ˳ȥ
ûãԾ͸˵һĹ㳡ϡʱ㳡Ѿ߰˸Ͳ޵ߡ
һ
Ըչ߰˸޵߾תĿ˹ֹġЩ޵ʵܴϾ磬ͨڤվﾳεġ
ʲô˼üת֪Ǹ޵߽ԼҪʲô
Ը뿪ʣ޵߾Ѿȿ˵ʯǼȻǻޣӦöʶɣڣǿʹʯԼ崿ȣ˷ԸֻҪܴﵽҪ󣬱ֱӰʦ
޵ָŹ㳡һԼгôߵɫʯͷ
ϻҾͲ˵ˣǿԳˡͨһͨˡ޵˵仰תˡ
ЩЦãЩˡ֮ǰҹɵ˵ʱǿͽʱڹ㳡ϵ޵ߣд󱳾ʦġոת뿪޵ߣԼҲɽߺŰʦˡ


2304 Ѱ
Կûаʦͷ
Ѿ֮Ϊ˵覣ȱٵֻǻѡ
޵뿪㳡ԵҲû׷ȥ͡ҹɵȥ̸ߵȻ伮飬̸ܲ̾ꡣԣ㳡ҹɵ۵Ϣɣ
ֵôƺԺεأ
߰޵У˳ʾԡ
ԣ֮塣ԻӦ
ȻЦʻܿҲЩСƽϡȻͲ˿ܴͱҪ󣬵Ѿһˡ˵ЩСǵĳҲûʸԾԽ¡
֮ģʾֵתĿһŮ޵ߵã֮޵ߡ
˿˵ãǲأǲưĺ󱲡
ؿ˿ԣʶԡ
ϾԴ쵽ʳǵʱ䲻㳤Ȼ֮ǰŪ˾춯صĴ󶯾֮һﶼ֪˾ԡǣεСȷʵӴǸΡؾ˵ԵĴϲչ޵ߡ
ԣδ˵Ե֡
ʵϾ˵֣ҲὫһϵ
أѵʶһ˿صıɻʵ
ɽߺŰʦģһ㶼񱳾ġЩˣҪôʮĺ󱳣ҪôʳǳڴԱ
֮ĳкĹϵؾûҲӦ˵ǡ
һμ档ػ࣬˵
ǲһ
ţӦѰ
޵߶һۺ󣬾ͲǾˡ
Ȼزʶˣֻ˵˱ǿ󣬻֮СһĳԱɡˣûҪĽύˡ
ЩʵҲһμǸԽԼ󣬱㶼ΪҶǲݣȻʵбȽϴ𣬵ǵ棬аĴڣҲ˵һȥ
ʯ˭ȥԣһɫ޵ָʯ˵
ɽ޵˵ˣֻҪܴﵽҪ󣬾ͿֱӰʦ
֣Σһ΢ֵ޵߿ɫ޵˵
Ǻǣ˵ҪͨʯĲԺѡλʦԼģԿҲи׼ɫһת˵
֣βԣ֮УʵǿѾ̤Ͼ硣Ҫ˵˭ͨԵĻ󣬿϶ˡС޵תĿһ۵޵ߵ
ˣֽŹ㣬Ժ޵ߡ
ǣʵǿ㲻˭ԣ˸˵
Ź㿴˿ˣһ
ҡͷ˵˭˭ԻһǺԣͨļˣ
˿жЦ
ǿˡŹ˵
£ʯ˹ȥԵĹ̺ܼ򵥣ֻҪʯͷɡ
ܹɽ޵ߣڻ츳ġûл츳ǵĳҲܴɽʦЩ˵߶ǳ򵥡֮УѾ˵͵ȵĻ
Ƕʳǵĺ󱲣ŪǺܼ򵥵顣ߵȻò͵ȻɾͿɻá֮İ׼ңжֵ͵Ȼ¥ң¥Ķ㣬˵һеȻ伮ղء
Ź뵽ʯڡ
Ź㷽Ŷ˵ɣӣʵǺܽŵġﵽҪ󣬾ͿֱӰʦǴﲻҪʦѶȿɾʹˣҪĴۡңĳԸóԴ͸ŹҲδܹɹʦ
ʯĶʵǻ޵괿ȡһûջûʲô𡣻޵崿ȣԴһ޵츳ˡһ˵ԽǴ壬ڻϵ츳Խǿ
ԣһСһҲпͨԵģ޵ߵûʲôʲôϵ
ʯŹеĹâ˸š
ŹſʯˣҲĿתĿʯУǲ̫ϣŹֱܹͨԡΪһأÿͽһϵơŹͨ˲ԣǾ͵һ
ʯ˸κȫʧľŹɫЩס
ʧˣ
ҪԺϸǾͱʯάһȶĹΣֻʯй˸ѡ


2305 Ҳ޷
崿ȵĹ̺ܼ򵥣ͨͨͨǲͨʯϳһΣҲᷢı䡣
Źϣʧ֮ɫ
ڲ֮ǰԼǱȽĵģĿǰѾһֵ͵Ȼ͵ȻδоʮֳںŹĻ츳ǱȽǿˡĲԽȷʵһĴ
֡
ֶʧˣǼҲûϣԺϸ񡣡
ҡͷ˵
ΪŹϧʵ¶ܻϲ֮䶼ǵһμ棬˵ˣʶֻǿ˭Ը⣬ñ˶Լʦأ
Źû˺˼ÿλá
ܺϸҾ͵ڶ԰ɣһҧ˵
Ǹɴ࣡
ǶΪ˷׷˵
ΪֵˣԽҲǲϸŹ࣬Ҳֻʯ˸֮⡣
һǰԣͬϸ
޵߲괿ȣϸ
ʣ¼ûвԵˣĵҲЦˡԣѶ̫ˣǰֻ˵ɽԷǳѣۼᣬиܵѹֺΡ
ǰ˲ʧܺʣµˣһʱ䵹ûǰˡ㿴ңҿ㣬߲ʯ
һֱվڽԶ
ֲʦȻҲͲòԼ塣Ź㼸˲ʱ򣬾ҲûзκֻЩпЩӵл츳޵ߣҲвٵʡ
ֵܣ
Բȥע⵽˾ԡ΢ֵˣĿ⿴ԣноԵ֡
ôվôԶ
һ塣СӶԾ֡
ңָָԼ
ѽԿ˵ܴﵽҪǿһĻᡣСϴЦݶԾ˵
ҡͷҾͲˣǼæɡ
ԵĻСɫһڡ
ôֵǰڼȻ֮޵ߣӦ֪ðɣ㲻֪ãҲӦ֪ƴ˰ɣСӳ˵
ƣԿ˿صŮ޵ߡ
ãǲƴ˵ĺ󱳡㲻ܣƴʲôݶ֪ɣСһǰ˵
ԵͷЦưȷʵʶû뵽ؾǲưĺ󱲡
Сӵص֮ǰȷʵ֪벼ưйϵԶԲƵӡǲģ֮ļҲͲþкøСˣԼõӺ󣬶Ļ̥ԼӡֻвƣԼҪСħɽħҲƺҲûǿҪӵ˼
ضԾԵ˵ͷû˵
ǲưֱϵ󱲣󣬶оԵ޵ûУҲд󱳾ˣԼûбҪ뾰ԶӴʲô
֪Ƕʲô˰ɣС˵⣬ǼȻ֮޵ߣǵݣòࡣ
֮⣬С֪ǵݣ
ЦȻóСʲô˼ĵǱİҾǰҲʲô
Ĳò塣Իҡͷ˵
ΣСɫѿˣһҲ
˱Ǽӻ󰡣
ǺǡôоС˵һ־Ӹµζûָо
˵ǽоԵСӣǲǾԼԲ˷һʱм˶ˣԼԾԵĲ
ҲΣԼö˶˵վһҲûǣЩ竾ͽŭյԼϡŭ𣬻յĪʲôʲôڼӣֱĪ
ԣȻˣΪβһأҲˡ
ûл˼ֻǾԼŭˣп鷳Թ壬ʧȻҲͲὫעھԵˡ
ðɣȻҾˡ΢תͷӦˡ
ԼĻѾǼˣܲͨĲԡתãԼܹʯϼ֮ƺҲ
ʱ򣬼֮Խ࣬ô֤츳Խǿʯάһ֮޵ߣ츳Ƕˡܼ֮⣬Ǿˡܼ֮ģû
ޣ崿ҪǷǳߵġ


2306 ҫɽ
վʯǰ
Сӵ˶žԣ˲ΪȻҲ˲мһˡ
Сӿⶼ޷ɣЦ˵
Ҫʯ⣬ɲǼ򵥵顣һ˱ֵ
˵⣬֮⡣ǰԵˣɹʯϼ֮⣬ֻǵֻ֮˸ξʧˣͲάס
ߣҲ֪ðСӣǰôļӣ֪ߵغĶɽһҪֽѵѵԡСһ
һҲžԡ
ʱ򣬾ĬĬ߶ӿʯԼٶ뵽ʯ֮ڡ
һŹΣ֮ʯתֻգ۵ʱ䣬ʯȫ֡
ʲô
⡭ôܣŹ˶ɴ۾һ˹ı顣
Ҫʦ˵Ǻ̵ܿġ˵ԵĽֻҪϸֱӰʦϸ񣬶Ծ˵ɲɡ
Сӵʲôˣ
ȻܴﵽҪ󡣡
һ֮⣬˵ϾܳΪĵˣŹھ֮Уǵ񽥽Ľ
ʧܣҪʦǾҪǱ˳ˡԣȴͨԣֱӻ˰ʦʸ񡣲ʲô˻ʲôٸĴۡ
ҲȫǷ
ʯ㳡ĲԶӰվ
Ϊ׵ˣһ֮ĻǿߣҲɽϵĳԱǿĵֽ١ˣϲεĻޣһˣǴʯ㳡Ǹ
٣Ųеľԣ΢΢ͷƺ⾰չֳ츳
治֪Щǿôġ
ÿδĺ󱲣Ȼл츳ɼе츳̫áʯԶϸ񣬾˽̵Ҳڻ̫ɾͰɡһϻҡͷ˵
ٿϻһۡ
Ҳûа취
ЩˣʳǵҲ΢һ档˵ǴʦҲø㹻ĻرЩӹţΪʦ㹻ԴɲСٵ˵
ţͻȻһĿо
˼ߺŵУһӡٵĿ⣬ʯ
ʱʯϵ֮Ѿ㡣֮¶ηԺ׾ֱܷǼ֮⡣
ʯм֮ģĻ츳ʳǵǼټġһʱҲѳӵ˸츳Ļޡ
ⲻǽ
ܿģʯϣ֮֡
֮⣬ʯı档
Źˣȫɵˡ
ǻδʯϼ֮⣬ǵ˵ĻţδĻţЩ˶ңԶ
Сԭ辰ԣھԲԵĽ罫˼ȴˡ֮ⰡǺεȾ˵Ļ츳
츳ǿ𣬿ҲҪһ˰ɣ
Ŀھϣ˼Ҳת
֮ǰ˵Լ֮޵ߣû⣬ҲûҪύʶ˼ڣ뷨Ȼתˡ
оԵˣʲôݣҡûκӡ󰡣ؽʾ֭Ҳ벻֮츳Ļޡ
˵Ȼ츳֮Ӧǡ
ٴˣǲǸˣһ޵ߣ֮пʵ
֮⡭
Щɽµ޵ߣûȻ츳޵ߡ
ˣ˭ĺ󱲣ȴ۾΢ʡ
Ǹ֮ħɽħġһ޵߻ش˵
ţħɽħˣɫ΢΢һ
ѵˣħɽ޵ߣλħʲôϵλħȻ򽻵࣬ɶҲһЩ˽⡣λڣɲϲϵµˡٳŵ
λħ̸һȥͨɡ˵
ǣ޵߶ͷ
ˣʯϣĵ֮֡
ĵ֮⣬һһǿҡʱ˿̣ʯ㳡ʯͷų֮֡ھ㳡ȽԶĵطѾ֮ҫ
ಡ
ɽϣһӰʯ㳡
˭ڲ괿ȣ
ǿʢĹΣҲ֮ɣӦĵ֮⣡
ôܣʳǵжʱ䲻ĵ֮츳ĻˣɽĻޣһžıʯ㳡


2307 
ɽϵĻ޲٣ЩǿĵӣЩǿ׷ߡʹӵȵݡ
ǲ괿ȵ˭
ÿµĻ츳ɽôãδܼĵ֮޵ߡ
˭ʶˣ
Ӹʯ㳡޵ߣվڹ㳡Եָָ㡣
ˣ
۷׷׵ʱʯϣת֮⣬ηֱƶˡ
ʱ㳡޵һ˵ˣֻһֹŹֵʯžԡ
֮⣡
ʳǵʷϣδܹ֮Ļޡ
ɽʯǿֶġʯܹ֮⡣ǣûл޿Լ֮⡣˵ǿԼ޷֮⡣
ѵʯˣ
ʯû⣬ôܻ֮ⱻ
ٴˣ⡭⡭һ˵˳ˡ
ڴ˵ȴȥͨˡĿһת˵
֮ǰʯϳ֮ʱٻ˵ȿħɽħ֮ⶼˣȻ͸ıˡ
֮Ļޣǰδţ
ң֮ˣˡ
˶Ǽ䣬ܺ֡
ش飬ŵħɽħ̸Ҳ˲ˡ
һߣڿ֮⡣
ƵȰȴ
ʯ㳡֮ʱЩҲˡΪҫĿ֮⣬ɽڡƵ벻֣ѡ
ڵλþʯ㳡ȽԶʱʲô
֮⣬˶Ŀһ㵵ı鿴
ƺǴʯ㳡ĹΡһ˵
һ΢΢߶ڿնѡ
ûãӿн΢΢ü
ʲôаʵ
ȷʵʯ㳡֮⣬ֻǡЩɡ
ֻʲô˷׷״ߴ˵
ֻǣʯͷų֮⣬㡣ǰ
ʲô
ôܣԲܣʳǵ򣬻ûֹ֮޵ߣǲǿˡҡͷ˵
ˣҲһŵı顣˵Ҳֻĵ֮Ļ޶ѡ
ǲţԼˡ֮⣬һܿһ˵
º󣬻̾ͷ
ţʯͷų֮¾ͱȷˡһɰڣ۵С۵Ļӡ
ǲԵ˭ĺ󱲣
ңҴǸСӣܼһ֮Ҿˡ
Ҳң

Ϊʯ㳡Ũ֮ڣЩûܿԵòֻ֪Ǵĺڲ괿ȡ˭֮⣬ǻ޷ȷ
ǵȻϣԼĺ󱲼֮⣬ҲͶͷǶԼĺ󱲻츳ٻ˽ġ
磬ǹȥаħɽħĽ̸û
ߣȥ
ĸСӣ˾˵Ļ츳
ǣʯ㳡ƶȥ
ʱʯϵ֮⻺ɢճʧ
վʯ֮ǰ
ƺ
Ҳǣڻ߹弸ˡԶԼĲԽû
㲻ԣҲ֪ڻԪʳǵ򣬶ҵԼ崿ȵ޵ߡ
Сӣ㵽˭С޵۾춢žԡ
ԵĲԽǼʵĺܡ
תĿһСӣüͷ΢΢˵ˣҽоԡУǲصңɽҪʦǲõһǵİʦʸ񡣡
ƭأ
ʦģɽʲô
ǣǲʦʯ㳡ʲôС⼸޵ߣȻžԵĻһıġ
ʲô˲ģͻ츳һЩҶɣܿʯˡʯȻǿԶ죬Ͼпܳ⡣һ˿˿ԣֿ˿ʯ˵
Щĺ󱲣ĺܣ㾰չֳµĻ츳˵͸Ű
Է˷۾ЩС˵뿪ʯ㳡ˣ⸽Ѿۼ˲޵ߡ
ԣ֮޵𣿡ؿڡ
ȷʵ֮ԻӦ˵
ǡΪû˵أĳλǰأüʵû˵Ե֣λǰ֪


2308 ࿴һ
ƵȰִʯ㳡
ʯԵģƺǺСӡ
˭ĺ󱲣
ôû˳ϣܲСԼɽİɣ
ָžѯˡ
ưȻҲڴʱ˾ԣһۼԱסˣһʱûӦ˲ʶԣƶԾȴϤˡ
֮壬ƾһ˵ͱס˰׳ǣ׳ħɽħͷǡס׳ǣħɽĵ۱ӡ
ԸǱħɽħ뵽ħɽ͡
ʱܶ˻ΪԻڴħУ˭뵽վ԰Ȼ뿪ħɽħɽһЩħͷ˵ħԾ̬ȷǳѺãͺδĺѡ
ưû뵽ʳǳɽԡ
뵽ǰڿסħɽħưˣԿܾħɽħġֻǣɽʲôѵҲʦ
ƺ̫ܡ
Եʵ֮ǿЩǿˣҪʦҲɵ۰ɣȻǿĻޣҪþ԰ʦʸЩġ
ಣ
ưӦ֮һٳ̣ͷ뵽˹㳡֮ڡ
Եѣû뵽㡣ưһЦ˵
볡еʱǲѯʾԳ˭ʱ򣬾δüش𣬾ưЦ
תĿƣҲ¶һĨ΢ЦԲƣӡ㲻ƴˣһȽϹ޵ߣϰǿˡ
ƵѡԹ˹ֻӦ
Եѣ
ô£ưʶǸˣ̫ԾưΪ˿ף
ʲô˭ܽͽͣ
˶סˡ
һ˵ͬȼĴڲŻụƵѣʱһЩߵ˳ƺϵ͵ΪҲԭġ
Բưﲻʶ˲ࡣǼƶԾ̬˹Ź֣һ벻ͨ
Ҳ׷׽볡СǺɵĿžԺͲƣŪ岼ƺ«ʲôҩ֮һСƵѣ
ưˣʱû˵뷨һνύԵĻᡣƸоõԶС
أݼƶԲصȵ
شˡ
ƵѲˡ԰ڰ֡
ưûжɫһ
ؿưɫˣ֪ưġư˵ˡ˵ĸүүڲǰսսҳĶŭҲµúܡ
زٳɣæԾԼ
С㲻ض񡣡԰ڰ֡
Ź޵ߣһĿɿڴĿһĻǻûư鵽һֻҪɵӣȻµưݡ
Ƶѣ㡭һ£һλЦǺǶԲư˵
˼Ȼǽܾԡ
ĿǰΪֹǻûŪԵݡ
΢΢üЩò⣬֪Եʵ뷨ԲðȻĽԽܸʶ
棬˽оԣǴ֮ҲʦġСӲ˵
Եʯ㳡ˣʯ㳡һġӵ޵ߣƶһɽʦģҪݿΪʦҪȻǸɽ޵ΪνԴ
Ŷ
ôŲмʯ֮ˣλСˡСӵ棬ϵЦݵ˼֡
λҲʧ˼Ȥ
ưоԵ˿Ϊ֪Ի츳ǳ˰ɡ£оԵˡ⾰֮޵ߣưҪ£Ǻ顣
棬˿úܣǡС˵
ǡǰЦһ
ţһЩҲο츳֮ߵĻޡ֮Ⱑǿţһλ𿪿˵
ԵɫҲ˼֡ԲǼСƽϣ⼸˵ҲôԿɲˡ
ƣЩʲôˣɫǲõʲơ
һΣѶʡȥˣֱӽвƵ֡
ʲôطֱӳƶԷ֣ҪôǺ֮䣬ҪôǸ߲ε˶ԵͲεˡ
ڳˣȻ̾ͷ˾ԶԲưƺĸı䣬ղŻƲƵѣʱȴֱӽвƵ֡
˶˫üơ
ûأСӵбƵѣԣ̫˰ɣһСֱӽ֣СѵҲ̣ң츳ٸߣҲ࿴һۡ


2309 һߴ
ưɫԽԽѿˡ
ǲں⼸ﾰԣĵǾԻ˶ҲС
۽ܵѣҵ޹ذɣư˵
۽ܰСӵڡ
ư仰۽ܰ΢΢һ㶡ΪưܲȻʳʮ岻ͬİƽռһ㶼ǺܿģʵҲһûгԹĻҲûҪ
оԵϢڲоôҪ۽а
ڳˣҲתŸԵ˼ԭһСЩ˹עоԵȴʯϼ֮ģʶı㽫ѰСֿˡ
ǺǣҶˣ˲֪𱰵ˣƵ㽫ߣͲǰʧ𣿡۽ܰٴЦȻƵĻҲŭˡ
۽ܣ۾һɨ
Сӣ㡭۽ֱԼ֣Ŀжʱŭɫ
ʶ𣿡
Ҳʶ㣬ǰߴߴʲô˼ûҲ𣿡Դ۽ܰĻ
⼸仰ӾԿ˵۽ܰǺˡ
ΪָűӺǳ⣿ңһС
Ǵȥʳǵ޵߶ᰵȡЦԼ
Сӣ۽ܰŭڣԾǲɱ⡣
ŭǶ˺ܶࡣ
ϣһǿתžѹȹȥ
ȻǽͣδԼʲôطҲûǾ֮Ļšţضǻᱻӡɱ˾ԣֻ»
ųѹȾԣִ֪磬ûɱ˾ԡ
۽֣ܰưǿư˿ؾԣӦûֹ
ˣưȫû˼
С󣡡һߡ
һɸΪȵȻ˲Ϣǽ۽ܰѹȻ顣
۽ܰû뵽Եʵ֮ǿͷŵѹǿƲסһ
ס۽ܰ㾪žԡͷȻȫܵԵ֪ԵĿֲ
۽ܰڳľˣòžԡΪǣ֪˾Եľ磬֮Ϣ
ǳ޵ߣȻ֮ǿߣһǻޡ
㡭㡭۽ܳЩ塣
Ϊڣʳǵ򣬲˵ûе֣ƥе޵ȷʵࡣû뵽˴ɽһ˾˿ֲʵǿռڻܶΪԼˡ
Ȼ׹ǲưԾԿΪǱǾԵʵıȰﻹҪǿ
ǣԵ֣δ֮壬ʲôʱôһµǿˣ
ʯ㳡ϵգ֮ŹŹֵϢ
Ź޵ߣһʶ塣Ȼ粻ߣҲ۽ܰԾѹȺ۽ܰһǴӿʼûôĽоԵˣôǿ뵽ǰǵ̬ȣҲһ¡
㳡ϵˣʱûз֣ԶӰɽ
ˣǿħɽħ
ȥʯ£˵޵߲ʱ֮⣬סˡħɽħͷڽ̸Ҳ̲ס̼ˡ
ħɽħȴһ䣺˵ˣǾ𣿡
ʯ㳡֪˾Ե֣Ҳ֪Ǹħɽħ̾˵Ǿԡ
ħ΢΢һЦ
ԻˣȥʲôħЦ˵
ԲʦģߵȻġ
ħ㡭ҪߵȻΪоԵҪɣˡ
ţҪġҪȻֲǻޣҪߵȻʲôħ˵
ԵĻ츳ھʳǵ򰡣ħңһȫ̵æ˵
Ƶѣֻ¡ԲҪԵʵȶӦòɡ˵ҪΪʦ𣿡ħɳƵϷʵ
ʲôΪԼˡ
󣬿ħһʯ㳡Ǹյ㳡Ϳ۽ܰҪѹԣֻ΢΢߶ͻ۽ܰѹ
ۿһĻȫŴħĻмһֱ֪ûУȻԺ۽ֻܰ΢֣ѾܴжϾԵʵˡоԵ޵ߣʵֻǿ


2310 ʲôͷ
ʱ۽ܰǳΡ
ԭѹȾԵģûԼѹסĿǰʲôǾ͵ǷˣܶǼ֣һնûС
ʱ򣬿ħɽħͬʱ١

ħ
˼λ׷׹к
ʳǵ򣬿ʹħǳԽʮġʳǵһָĻޣħһлɱ޵ߡ
۽ܰҲ˹
ǿħɽħû۽ܰ
Եѣ

֮ǰҲ֪Եɽ֮뺣һЦԾԹ˵
ǰȷʵ֪ʲôˡ
ƵѿˣǲϣûƵѡǫ̬˵
ԾԵ̬ȣڳİﻹڶɽϵ޵ߣٴĿࡣ
ǲưԾԵǣҲǶԾԵơ˿Իܲɽʦġ
Եģ塣ħӿ˵
ħɽħ˵仰۽ܰӶҪˡ
ֻԼǲʲôطˣΪħɽħ˿ľԣǴû˵
۽ܰˡ
ǲưҲǺݺһ¡֮ʱȻ˵ħԾԺѺãɱϾǻûۼʱᵽħɽħλպյĴڶԾԵ̬ˡ
ҲЩ꣬ϰҿûԾԶǿģ֮ǡ
ħ˵ЦˡԶԴħЦЦ
ǰҲֻܳҹɵΪħ
ԵѣѾħ˵Ϊ¡ڣȥס̸Σ˵
ãԵͷ
֮ǰҶԿƵһ󡣡ת˵
Ե˵ˬĵ
λСǻޣҲǲƵѵĺ󱲣Ϊʦ֪Կ˿վһĲء
ղΪͽ
֮һԭǲưĺ󱲣ǰҲûԼڿࡣһԭǰǼСԼü۵ģھһССĽѵ
Ϊһ仰Ϊͽ޵߿»׷Īɣ
󣬿ˬ򵥣ڿʼؾҿƵĵˡذһ£ԺؾɽС
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صɴһ˫۾Щģ崿ȶûԣֱԼΪˣ
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ҲǼϲáذʦԾ˵ƺһ仰¶ûо仰ǿɾˡԸ⸶ܴĴۣҲδذʦɹǲ壬ų϶޷ﵽҪ
Եѣ⡭̫лˡư
ƵѲؿ԰ڰ֡
󣬾Ա𡢴ħ뿪ʯ㳡ص˿ľ
Ƶѣ㡭ɰҺˡ۽ܰЦ˵
۽ܵˡư
۽ܰ̾һ֪ɽǰˣԼοܻÿˡ
취ƹϵԺĺ󱲽Ѱʦ
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ǣԵôͷȻǡ
ҿû˵ʲôȻ밡
׷˵Լûð
ƵѣλԵѾʲôͷʹħôһλתĿʵ
ˣҲ˵ֻǿŲưȴش
λѣǿ֪ħɽħưӶ˶
˶ͷ
ħħɽħʵǿᣬЩҲֻ΢һЩѡǶǻµˣʳʮε𲻿֪ܲ
ڳİУҲֱǽֹ
ڲ֮ǰħˡư
ʲô
ħˣ
ôģʵʳʮɱ˿ɲࡣħɽħǿҲҵħɽɱ˰ɣ˷׷׵
ǺǡưЦһħħɽһȺħͷҪǣʱԵѾڡǣħԵɱħɽǰеħͷҲȫɱǼ֮ħɽħ뾰ԵǰħɽͣħԾԵѵ̬ȣλղҲˡ


2311 岨
ħǾУ
ôܣȻһμλԵѣϢ֤ǳᡣ֮Ѿ޷󣬻ɱħǿߣһ
ħɱʱҾֳʵ֮嶼ˣò˶ãǾͶ˵ˡưЦһ˵
ưô˵˱Ҳòˡ
̫ˣ
ˣѹ˿ֻһ仰òƵĺ󱲰ʦɹ
ǰ˵ʵʶôδ˺˵
˵ɽʲôĿģӦħɽħɽҿԲҪʦɣ
Ǿûʲôϵˡ
ɢ˰ɣ
ʯ㳡ϣλ뿪ǵȻûоʹ뿪ɽ»صס
ĿǰΪֹЩҪݻİҲͲưΪɣΪĺ󱲲ظղѾʽΪͽܡҲ˵ھͿԷ֮ˡưھߣ׼һúøлһ
۽ܰҲû뿪֪ܶԼѾ˲ΪˣҪץʱͲӰ졣£ԽþԽ鷳
סڡ
ԡħͿ̸
Եѣͨʯ崿ȣ֮⣬Ȼ츳ʳǵҲǵһμԵԺڻһϵĳɾͣ˲󰡡п˵
ԼҲֻܼĵ֮⣬ȾԲһΡ
һҪ̣ҪΪޣˣһдԼҲֻһл츳
Ҫʯϼһ֮⣬ѶȾ͸ˡ
һ˵ʯԵ괿һһٷ֣ôҪʯάһ֮⣬괿Ͼ͵оʮֲŹˣǵ崿ȶﲻʮ֡
Ե崿ȣҲǾʮŷ֣˵޽ӽһٷˡ
ʮʮŷ֣Ʋ಻󣬵崿ǷǳĶֻǲһ㣬ŵԺĻ޵;ϣݱɾ޴Ĳࡣ
֮׳ǰ׼ҵºҲ֮Ļޣ޷ȡº崿ȣҲܴﵽʮϵġ
ƵѹˡЦЦ˵
ԵѲǫ飬һеġ޷󣬾Բˣ崿ȴ˵ľˡ̾
Ƶѣ֮ǰ˵ߵȻħ˵
۾΢΢һ˵ԵҪߵȻҲͲϻˡһ岨ĸߵȻ伮ԵӦûȽ⡣
£ͬʱóһ伮˵ⶴ岨ҲҲ֮ǰŵõԵãʱţȿⱾ伮
˳ֽӹ岨伮
һԲ鿴岨һߵȻĲϢȻֻǲ鿴伮ǷԼ
Ƭ̺󣬾֮¶Цݡ
Ȿ岨伮ǳȻδԶ岨Ҳֻ˽Ƥëȷ岨ǷǳʺԼĸߵȻ
ƵѣҹⱾ岨ҪھʯԺֱӡ
Ȼõ˸ߵȻ伮ԾͲٻȥˡ
ҪйߵȻٶھʯҶħҵѣԵȻǵһμȴҲһʡⱾ伮ԵѸҰ˰ھʯˡ˵
Ȿ岨伮ǴħҲҪ֧һǧھʯڿ֪˾ԵĻ츳ټϾԱֳʵ˽þԵͷ
˵ʵһߵȻ伮Ҫ˰ھʯǺˡڻԪһߵȻ伮ƶܱΪ޼֮ˡ
ȻڻԪҲ޵ʳǵ򣬿Щ޵߼صԪҲ̫ܴ߸ߵȻ伮Щ޵ߣûоʵЩ޵ߣĴ涼ǲܻøߵȻ伮
˰ھʯƵƺЩԿЦ˵
Եѣô˰ɣڰ˵
Ƶˬ졣ҲīֱӾʹǬڣֳ˰ھʯһ﷨ڵݸ
ӹ﷨ֻͷһɨͽ﷨
ԣǵ˶岨ȽһߵȻڣͿʱն岨̣ܼ򵥣ķʱ䡣


2312 󹦸
õ岨伮ֱӾ΢ȻþҲ̫һЩ
֪ԾΪ˻ŴӻԪʳǵںò׵õ˸ߵȻ岨Ҫ̽ܰġ
ԵѣоΣչ伮ڵЦſʵ
ҪոߵȻѶȵȻǷǳ֮ԽĻҪѶȾԽ󣬶ҪԽߡ
ǿĻлƵѡ˵
һ岨ھԼ˵Ѿ㹻ˡͨͬոĻ޵սҲ̫ԻֻҪӵһǿļɡ
߶Ҫġ
ȻҲкܶ࣬Щ֮䣬ͨҪСܶࡣѰֵָԣδ޵׷̫ĻǲûкôлҲҪԴҪľ
ƵѣҪ岨ҪٲϡʳǵǿĻޣӦкܶҪĲϰɣ֪ǷԴﹺ򣿡תʵ
ϣǱġ
ȻˣϸҲԵطʳǵ򣬻Խ϶࣬ߵȻϣֻҪ㹻ھʯҲһ򵽡ӿﹺֻΪʡ°ˡ
˵ֻҪеĲϣԿԵѡ΢Ц˵ԵѿʱסɽȷҪĲϺ󣬱ֱҡ
岨Ȼǿóģ˲δһ岨ҪĲҲ
ȴҡͷ
ȡһſհƤ΢߶һּƤϡ
һʱ䣬ԱƤдҪĲԽƤݸʱ򣬿Щʲô˼
ݲɽܴ룿ʵ
⡭ɨƤϵĲϡ
Ȼ岨ϣԵݸƤϱעֲ϶ȴ֪
ԵѣЩ岨Щš
伮ͨһ޵߶֪Ĳϡǿû뵽ôԼҪĲϡ
ǡԵͷ
žԣ췢еȷʵеࡣ
ЩϣﶼСţ׼ԵѣЩһЩֵǷǳߵġ
뽻þԣҲܽϰװ͸ԣʵ̫ˡ
ƵֻܼǣҪھʯֱӸҡԲĵ
ϵھʯһδεģڻʣǧڡ
ݲϣҪһǧھʯܿͱһ֡
ݲϵҪۣķǳˡԴʳЩҵݲϣѵھʯµһǧ˰ھʯҡ
ۣûκԥֱӴǬڷֳһǧھʯ
Ƶѣھʯȸ㣬Ȳ׼ãٽϸҡ⼸գɽԵ
˿ԣֿ˿ħɽĴħĵԵھʯǴӴħлõġ
ʳǵ˸ɴóǧھʯ޵߲ࡣʳǵͨԴԶԪȡҲصĶˡ
áӦһ
ļ죬ԾɽħҲû뿪뾰һ𷵻֮塣
⼸ʱвٰݷþԡԴʯ㳡¼Щ֮̽Ĵ¡
һ̽ҲȷǼ£ħɽħˣھԵС
ħʱ֮λڶֳд޵ۼ֤ԣϢܴκεٳɷ֡
ΪˣЩﶼİݷþԡԺûõԵĵطȻ죬Ժ˵á
ģʳǳڵһЩɽݻᾰˡԵҲʳǵ
ڵ죬žϹֽϽԡǼֵһǧھʯĲϣȻýһЩֽϽԣġ
õϺ󣬾Ҳûȥˣǣħɽħһͬ뿪ʳǷ֮塣
֮󣬾ûȥħɽǵ˰׳ǡ
ٻʱ򣬴ӦױҪԼ̤֮ЧһġԵԼ޵ǺǿģԵȻҲΥԼԡ


2313 
ص׳ǰ׼Һ󣬾Ա㽫˼ϡ
ҪյģȻǸߵȻ岨ξǲԵ
Ҫʩչ֮Դ幥ڶŻеԴʯѾҹɵлáҲ˵ֻҪ㹻ԵôȻص󣬿̾ʩչŻˡڻûõļֲϣ¥ܿѾﾰռȫ
ߵȻҪԵĲҲܷ¡
ʱһȥ
ھ岨ǧɹĳ˶岨
ߵȻ͵Ȼܴ󣬵ӰɱֱӾȫӰɱߵȻ岨鷳ˡǧʱѾʩչ岨Ƕ岨ʩչĴ߶иߵҪ
ԵȻӽθΪȷĴ߶⻹ҪһĿǰֻǿܹӴǿʩչ岨Ķ岨ֻǳ׶εաܽߵĽ׶ΣôԴ岨ɱĸ١
˵һЧʵ⡣
ڵľʩչ岨ʱ򣬻޷ĺΪȷⲻһһϦģֻżҲûá
ôʱԶԵգҲڲϵС
ǧ֮ǰʩչ׹ҫȡ˴ȵѾħ֣²ûֻ׹ҫܽԷɱ
Ŀ£Ѱ޵ܹġ
ǿƽӽľҲ
žԶԵǿ׹ҫҲ˵ûֹ
ٹǧ꣬ұˡʱ򣬾ͷط졣԰
ԣ̤֮ڰױЧһ꣬Ѿǧꡣ
Ȼ׼˰ױڣĸԸþԷĳŵˡױþԷԣǶԾԾͲӰ죬ԻǼҪԼԡ
ǧķչ׳Ǳȵ׳ˡԴħɽʧܣ׳֮ǿ߶Ͷʳʮ޵Ű׳֮ºҲԶͶ
׼ҵʵ֮ˮǴߡųеǿ󣬰׳ǵľӣʱڣ׼Ҳ֮˶ദԴ
׼£ǳмԡ
ױٶȣҲһֱάֽϿٶȡǰױոմﾳڤվһʱȥױǽӽϲΡ
ױھһαչͻ𾳽֮ǰͻƵڤվģͻ֮Ǵαչǧ꣬ǳһʱ䡣
ǧʱȥ
һգ׼Ҽ˸ǣȻҲױ𡣰ױͽʲھԿױ̫֮ѵ顣ֻҪиУгԴǰڵָױкܴΪġ
׼˼Ҫȥ̬ȼ
뿪׳ǣٴεħɽ
ħɽɽҲҹɵλħסҹɵҲ̸á
ٴѯҹɵΪԼɵ۵䣬ҹɵûɿڵ˼
ҹɵֻ˵Ŀǰû͵֮Сھ֪̫Ϣֻɱ֮ǸεͽԶǾģɵ۶䣬ο
Ҫ뿪ʳǵˣҹɵʾԡ
šԵͷ
ϣھʯʣ𣿡ҹɵ΢һʵ
ҹɵôʣҲ΢΢
ѵҹɵҪھʯ
ϵھʯҪǧڡУҲĲٵھʯ
СԵ
ֻ΢ҹɵҪھʯԼʣµھʯȫ͸ҹɵҲ޷ٶھʯҲ۱ӡ
ж٣ҹɵʵ
ǧڵӡԵ
˵ǧھʯҹɵ۵зһ˿Եĸг̶ȣǺܾ˰ɵۣӵеԴ޷㣬ɾʳ֮ǰֻһ޵ߡһϲε޵ߣȴǧھʯ
ߣȥһʳǳڡҹɵ۾΢΢
Ŷɻ
ôھʯȻص죬ǲһЩΪıֻᣬɲǲãǧھʯһھʯܡҹɵЦһ˵
һҹɵ۵˼
ԴȷʵһʳǵصıԶۣ죬ıﶼǼֵǵġǰӻԪʳǵ޵ߣҲвǴ걦ص쵹ģһڶʱڱü主С


2314 粨
죬ڵš
ڷ죬ڵһһ֮¥¾Ҳѷɫ
ڵŵ׺ͬ֮޵ߡ
ί¥ϼ黯ʱ׺Ե¥Ԫ˽ｻ黯ԪϾܾ
׺ڵһڣһڵŵĳվڶ档
ң˵Ϊ𣿡׺ͳ˵
˵Ż˵ʲô飬ֹ
ʲô׺üʵ
˵Ҫ̸飬ڵŽдôңڵŻҪʲôܵõôתĿ
ǺǡǹʦʲôƾҲ̸׺ЦһϴŲмı顣
ˣȷʵúܣҪҽ˰ɣۤ׿̧ͷһ׺
׺ȴ˰֣վ
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ɽ֮ж伮Ǿ̫ˡӦ˵棬Ӧ˵


2315 
׺˵ԸҲԸɽ֮ΪС
Ǵɽ֮黯⣬ֻ˵̫޴ˡʱʦ𶼿ܱǣȥ
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2316 Էһ
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ңһҪӦϾϾ©ǾԻû
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2317 ·
¥ڤԪԪϣִ֮Ͼǡ
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ҵҪӰħʥж˵Ĵ󻰡ԪŭЦ
һӰħʥ֣治в˵λ𣬾ֻһλҲӰħʥ֡


2318 
Ԫϴ߶׼ԵʥӰħ֡
ڤԪҲŵʥӰħӰħЩЦƾһˣҲǰϾ𣿾ԪϲӰħҲϾ
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2319 
¾һʥȷʵ¥Ŀǰľ˵¾û˵ʱ¥ȫ濪ս¾Ҳôȥ
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׺ȹرյ󷨡ٴο׺


2320 
ҪԼرڵ󷨣׺۾
ڵŽ޾֮УŴֻرչһΡһΣΪɵ۴˼١֮⣬Ŵδرչ׺һЦŻ˵
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һƬӰϾֹȥ
ͬһ𼶷ֽħһŶλ¾ɵķ
Զ봫͵ķħȴһ޵ߵķ
ħסϾϾϣʱ¶ʹ֮ɫԿǺɫӰ֮УԹڷЩײеԹ飬׺ޱȣϵϾҧȥϾֻܾͷֵ
ħԹ飬Ͼ
ԭǵڶʥֽҪ׽ϾҲ׵飬Ͼֿħ׽ˡϾħڣ͵ڽˣ޷ħ
ţſסϾ֮󣬱Ӱħһ䡣
Ӱħڶʥֵ仰˳ֱ㽫ٴδ򿪡
ߣִ˵
ĿѾƣˣ¾ʥ֣׼ͨŷ¾ϳ
ſϾ𣡡
ʱгһѷ죬ԶͫӰѷ¶ԶֱͫӾͶԽʥַΪڿħ
ߣſԶͫԼһ󲻻ŲæһƶԶͫĻȥ
Զͫԭǳʥ֣һ֮£͵˳ȥԶͫʵڶʥֽȲ̫ˡ
ԶͫǿϣѾˣʥɨһ۱ķɵԶͫ˵
ৣৣ
¾ʥ֣½šҲϹЦͨ뿪
ڤԪϡԪϻǹѪԶͫ׷ŵ¾ʥѾʧ١
λȸˣ
ǲٿŵӰħʥֹһЦ𷨱ź󣬱һ˸ٶӴܶӰħʥսǿٶȴޱȾˣóϢڳλ𣬸׷¾ʥӰħʥ֡
ˣڤԪϱ
һսڤԪԪ¾λʥֽ֣Ȼûɱ֣ҵսʱղס֡ԪϣҲˣڤԪ˵ֺԪϾͿƲסѪɫҲɷס
ۣû°ɣڤԪæ鿴Ԫϵơ
ԪϢ˰֣ȡ˵ҩ¡
Ԫ¶Ц˵ˡ
ԪƺأϽˡڤԪü˵
鿴һԪϵƣƼأǵȥܿԻָ
Զͫ𡣡ڤԪֿ·ɹԶͫ
ڤԪϡԶͫ˿ڤˣ嶼΢΢
Ͼ¾ˡԶͫԶա
ڤԪ̾һˡΪץסϾ¾ѾıܾˡƺҪɱϾ𣬷ҲҪźħôۡ
ǾʱҪϾϾ¾ϳҲȲԶͫ˵
֮ǰѾѶ¥ܲԪӦúܿͻִʱ鿴δ°ɡڤԪϳƬ˵


2321 
ڤԪϵˣڶ֪һô
¾ĵ̣¥öࡣ¥ȻУս޷¾ȵġ
һ㣬¾ӵеĶҲ¥ܱȵġšħļ˷ھʯȻԴõ
ӽʱʱȥ
Ԫȵִ¥λǿҲ½ִ
ڤԪϽľϸĳһ顣ԪϣҲȫ
ˣǴˣɶǱ¾ˡԪϵͳ˻
Ͼһֱڳ֮ڣô¾ϾǣҪƿϾǵķҲҪʱ䡣ٲãϾǵػҲܶһʱ䡣ȻȲ¥ľԮҲǿ
ڳ֮⣬¾ֱӾͿԶϾ֡
ԪϣǸô죿Ͼʱͱ¾ܲˣȳϾϣ󡣡ڤԪϵ
ԪϣҲԪϡ
ԪϳԶͫ˵ԶͫʲôԾԵѺ׽Ͼ뾰Եѹϵܣ¾ǿϾԴǷԹۣ
ʲô뷨Ҳ֮ǰѾѶˣǡԶͫεı˵
˵ӦǿԼʱϵϾǵġľϾǲ̫ңԶڽӵϢ̸пܸϵġϾǷǿ֮һʱյҲóÿһ˲ƶܴ󼫳ľ롣

ʱһѷ֡
ŵ
Ӱֳ
Ŀһɨȫ˫ü
Ȼˡ
Զͫ˼ǶǷ쵼ߡ¥¾ڵŵӴҲö
ˣϾ¾ץˡԶͫҧͷ˵
¾ͳ
ڳˣ˷ŭʵ
ˣˡԪ˵
˿Ԫϣһ̾
˵ڵŰ¾һѣǰڵŵ׺ǰ͡û뵽׺Ŀġ
˵仰ǽԼΪûܼʱô˵ԪϲŶȻҪȻҲ֪֮ǰڵšڵŵϾǣȷʵ̫Զˣ
ˣǽô죿Ԫʵ
¾ǵʲôóѶ¾һʥִѶ
ͻȻҴѶܳһʥڳ˶żɭζ
¾ץΪܲʡ
ϾԶͫƹܵ޵ߣͬʱϾǵ˵ϾҲ˵ͨ
ˣ¾ֻϾͶѡһʥЦ˵
¾棬Ȼ˵ǡ
ھͽϾų
αôأǷɲҪ۸¾Ͼ𣬵ʱˣȻ˵ĻصϾǡ
Ŷ׼ϯǷһϾ𣬾Ͳ˵ˡһʥֱжĴѶ
ɶ񣡡ͺһ
ʵڴѶ֮ǰԤϵĽ¾׵ķϾҪȻǰŪƻǰˡ
ȻŭȴҲкð취¡޷¾ڶҲδܹ¾ķ˵µЩҲδػƴȻҲֻ쵼ԶͫԶͫ˼ܾΪսҲܱ
οֲǷʲôΣѣֻΪϾǶ¾սºܶ˶п
˼һʱڵŵٴδѶ
׺ֻ˵ΪһϾ󶯸ɸ꣬ⲻȡ˼
δӦ׺
ɡһ䣬ˣȻڵŵ׺
ţѶʱһڴѶڳ֡
δѶˣȻʦ

ǰ˿ƽ󣬲ŴѶӦ
𱲷ֱöࡣ
˵ǲĵӸһЩ鷳ģСӻһԽѵ


2322 ɹ
仰ƺڳԼĵ𣬵ʵҲڶһ˼
ĵ㷸ҲԽѵ˵ҪԽ޴ҡ
ǰ¾ߵúܽһ³˵
ʱѶ˵ĻеȻʹ졣ô˵ҲǷֻǻ𱲷̫ߣҲеѹء
ţһúýѵСӡϣҪൣһЩ̲˵һ䡣
ˣ𲢲ǲ֪ΪΪֻûнԼҪȻԲΪ
˫üΡ
ǷںܶںܶǰҲòЭá
жϴѶ֮ɫöΣöû˵
¥Ԫϵˣ
ˡû˵ԪϽһ
Ŀһת˿Ԫϡ
£ѾˡЭˡ
ȷʵߺŭԭ¾ûøУ¾ָ飬ĳһټɱ¾
ǣлǣڵšֻڵţҲʲǸղţ𶼴ѶˡصӺѹҲֻȻòҪȷ֮λҪֵ֧ܶġ
ô˵ˣô¾оȳϾϣ͸ãˡ¥Ͳɱ¾ˡ
һ£һ£Զնȥ
ԪϣڤԪԪϡ
λ
ѾϵϾ뾰Եˡ¥˵ӰҲǼ¾ΣǴ¥ԪϷ˵
Ԫ϶ˣ¾һλԪϵ
Ԫϣ֮Уȷʵء
ֻΪԼҲܾôˡ˶˵¥η¾ԪĿзɱ
ͬԪϵ¾Щħͷһȫ
ﵽ¥ͷϣΡ
Ԫϣһ¥ôλԪϵǱȽͳһ
ҾãӦ̽ս״̬¥Ҫ¾սҪ֪¥̬ȡԪϵͳ
ڳ¥ԪϣͬԪϵľ
¥ЩԪδصܲϳսѾȥ
λԪϣ¾սһԶͫͻȻ˵
˶ĿԶͫ
Զͫ£ѾˣԶͫ⻰ʲô˼
ԶͫҪԸ¾ǱߣôԪʵ
ǺǣʲôġϾȻѾ֮һֱϾǣȻҵˡԼ˶סʹԺʲôƬҽƬǡοϾҵѣԶͫЦһĿȴǾ˸
ã
ԶͫǾͺǡһͬԸ¾룬¾ù˵
¥¾սϢܿڷ촫
¥ڷУзֲԱڶࡣǱȽ¾Զ¥ȵġ
ںܶطѾϵ¥¾Աɱ¼һʱ䣬Ҳý
¥¾սǴ£ܶ˶ķӦ£ҪվͣġϾݣܻϣԼƹܵҡ
ǣȴٳûκηӦͺȫ֪¾¥֮սһ㡣
Ŀǰǿ֮ȻֻǾֲ˫ѲгԱɱϲ޵߶ʱ

ʳǣɽ
ħɽħػصɽѾмʱ䡣
Ҫɹ귽ķϵȵȣҪʱ׼Ҫ֪Ҫɹֵǧھʯĸ귨Ͳϣһʴ
һա
Եѣħ𽫾Ժʹħ˹
λЩǷ⡣һ﷨ó
Խ﷨ӵУ鿴ⴢ﷨ڣи귨Ͳϣ귨ıȻǵ͵ȵ귨
Щõ죬Կһۡ
ڿ׼ЩΪ⡣


2323 ط
ЩԴ϶ǾԸ˹򣬾ԶԲ⼴ɣħĿ
Ƶѣлл﷨ֵл
ȻдھʯԼѼЩԴϣǻѵʱɾͶˡңҲ˶Ĳϡ
ԵѲؿֻ
һνףҲ׬˲ھʯһЩ˴ڵĽףֵñ鷳
ˡǾͲſˡԿһ۴ħ˵
ѾɣȻûбҪɽ
ʱľԣҲȲҪطˡ
ʹħ;ԵѡЦվ
ԣͳɽ
Ժʹħ뿪ʳǺûٷ֮ħɽֱ֮ĺȥ
Ҫ뿪ʳǵͬҪõٻ
ʳʮܱߺвٻڡʳǵȾǴﵽһٻ֮׳ǰ׼ҵİױٻ
һʱ󣬾Ժʹħһ죬һٻǰ
ԣ㡣ٻʹôＴɻصˡħҲҹɵ۽һħĶݸԡ
뿪֮ǰҪģʳǵһУ㶼ھ򴫲ҹɵ۶˵
סԵͷ
ҲΪЩʳǵص޵ߣȫɱտڲ̸ȫΪǲ̸ǲ̸
Ҫ뿪ʳǵ򣬾ͱ뷢ԣͲ뿪
ʳǵ߹Լ
ҲɵۣŻ᲻ֹԼ
ҹǰһ𣬲֪ʱˡԿҹɵ˵
ҹɵȻŹߣҲܸоҹɵϢЩ仯
ҹɵ۶˶ٵ㽫Ϊɵۣǻټ
šԵ˵ͷ
ҹǰˡ˵ţٻ
ҹɵۿžӰʧٻڣû뿪
ʵϣҹɵٻ֮վ˺ܾáû֪µУѱʪ
֪Եõɵ۴кžԣһиУһϤϢڣˣҲ֪Ҫȵʲôʱ򣬲ٴμԡһҲ޷ټˡ
˵ȾԳɾɵ֮λټǣɾɵĻôףÿһ򶼿ޱ޼ʣ޵߸ǲ޾Уһ֮޵߲ϵĳ֣ܹΪɵ۵ģмˣ
Ȼõɵ۴Уǡܴﵽɵ۵ĿܣǷǳã
ٻڵľԣĺ󣬱߶ҹɵ۸һ˲䣬Ӱʧٻڡ
ܻٴӳ뾰ߵʱ򣬾Ѿص˷졣
ڵλãǵʹħǰʳǵĵط
ˣ
һǰʳǵ򣬺ķһʱ䡣
ǰʳ֮ǰһϾ硣Ѿǿ֮ˣһֻ۾΢УҲЩꡣ
ף
ʲôڲɱһ
оռڷ򶯵̿ǹȥһȺ˴ɱ֮С
¾ħͷܣŭȡ
ɱеˣȻǷΪӪġһȽ϶ʮӣһֻˡһ˵ģڽڰˣܱ߷Ѿǵ;ƿݵĵزˡ
ˣ¾ĳԱĿк˸
¾ԵȻǳӵġҲԼɱ¾Ċ˹ʥ֣¾Թޣѻ⡣
һʲôˣȻҹȻΧɱ¾ĳԱЩ档
ڷ죬¾濹ҲôһЩ
¥ʮ˲ɱڽڰ˵֮Уһһ
¥ˣ۾һЩ
¥ô¾ɱҿƣƺСĦ
ߣ¾ħͷѵʲô壿¾ħͷȫֵǣٸɵ¥ĳԱУΪ׵һʵ޵ߣҲǰ¾˳ֹ
۲죬ûҪֵ˼Ϊһɱ¥ڶ࣬¾˾ûз̵Ļᡣ⣬¾Աܿͻᱻɱ
뾰жϵһҲͲ֮һյʱ䣬¾޵߾¥ԱСʮ¥Աɱ¾޵ߺ󣬽ԷԴѹһգѸ뿪ս
ЩԾ
뿪һ꣬ѵ¥Ѿ¾սˣҡҡͷȡѶ


2324 ɱŨ
һǿǷսǱȽѵġΪ˫߲㶼ȫ濪սע˫˵һ㹻ѹһʵԼǿĦҲںСΧ֮ڡ
Ҳкܾúܾòǿ֮սˡ
ΪˣԲŻɻ¥ô¾ɱο¥ҵӪ
Ԫϣ
ȡѶǴѶ¥ʲô顣
¥ܲۿһʱսĿǰΪֹ¥¾δ֮ǿߡڤվ޵˫˲ˡ
Ԫüͷ΢΢һóѶ
ţ
ԡѣû뵽ѶԼ˻Ǿԡ
ʱ䣬вݷǷ˸ѶЩУϣ¥ֹܹͣսЩ˵İʾԪֻһЦ֮¥ⲻ¾ùôֹͣһս
ǾԵĴѶʶվֻԼӶˡ
ôԽ
Եѣʳǻˣæʵ
ţոջ
ҿ¥޵¾Աɱô£ֱʵ
Եѣ㻹һ˰ɡ£ҵõ˵˿˵
Ŷɫһ
Լһָо¿²ͬѰܻܿԼйءԼûϵԪӦòԼǰ¥ܲ
һ͵Ѷ¥ܲ˲ƹȥ
ڵλã¥ܲԶǰʳǣ뿪¥󲻾üħ
һԾ͵¥ִܲʱԪѾټλԪϵȺ
ộ鲻ˡ
Եѣ룡Ԫϵ˽ӭܲһֺڡ
ԪϣλԪϡ
¥¾սĪйأ˫üʵ
仰Ԫϵ˶һۣÿ϶¶εɫ
ݣ
ǣ²˵ҲǲС
Եѣ¥Բ㡣ԪϿ˵
С⡯һ£ɫʱѾʶʲô飬ǰʳ֮ǰίԪӦϾ˵ĿܾϾΣ˶¥ȴδܹϾ
ɨԪϵˡ
ô£Եͳ
ԵѣҲȱż
£ȷʵ¥ûȫ׼Ͼա
ȻվĿҲ
Ե벻ҪŭϾȻ¾ץߣû֮ǡһֱڰйעϾ¾ܲڤԪæӿ˵
Ͼô¾ץߵģԶˡ
ԪϣľûоκοŶԾԽһ顣
Ľϵĺ˼֡ϸ˵ȷʵ¥¥Щ飬Ѿˡ
ô˵ڵҲ¾͵һˣЦһ
ڵ¾Ӧûֱϵġȴ˳ö˺Ŧʧǻĵӣ¾ħͷԪ˵Ҳҧ
м䣬ڵҲ̫¾ĺˣҲͲᱻڵߡ¾ֵʱܹʱִϾǣ¾ͺѳɹˡڤԪϷŭ˵
˶𶼺ߣΪԷǻĵӣҲĽбɱ˶δ
һ֮ѣһͺ
ЭˡԵ
Ҳпԣ𶼴ѶܲӡǷʸϵ֮һ㡣̾˿˵
ǺǣҿҲΪԼ֮λɣЦһ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ֻû취ӡ˶óΪǵԼ֮λԲһֻ۱һֻѡЭ

ϾǣҾ͸ŪǵʱɱϾҲվҧҧ
Ԫϣ鷳һ¡Ҫ֪ںδĿһת
Եѣ㡭Ҫʲôɫһ
¥ֻҪṩϢǣҪʲôǾͲùˡԪϣһΪ֧͡һ˵
ԵϣȿʼʱѾƽ˺ܶࡣеɱ⣬ȴŨҡ


2325 ɱ
δ¾оȳϾ»Ҫúÿǡ
¾ϳķԼ侪ˣǱϾɵ۵̼Ҫƺѡ
Ծڵʵ¾ʥɱǼ¾ʥ־Ҳ¡ǣ¾Щ̫ɵȫ뿪ϳ
ο¾˼ץϾĿľΪҪЮԡ¾֪Իص󣬿϶ԾԴѶܿҪԶǰǵϳ
תҪͷ
Եѣ˲̽ټԪЩΡ
ţлԵ˵ͷ
Ԫϣ뿪ǰѰҵǼֲҵ𣿡תʵ
һǰίԪѰʩչŻĲϣھǰʳ֮ǰԪѽϴ룬ֻʣϡ
һȥӦǲˡ
ҵˡԪϾһ
ֲϴӴ﷨ȡ
Ҫھʯʵ
Եѣ뿪ǰҪӦϾڳ飬Ҳ⼸ֲϣ͵¥ǸɡԪϰڰ˵
Գһº󣬽ֲϽӵСϣȷʵûʲôھʯˣʳǴһйصıϡֻҪЩ֣Ǿܻڵھʯ
⼸ֲ϶󡣡
˵Ͼ¾ߣȷʵҲ¥ΡҾԣܷǷǵġɣ¥̽ټʱϢ⼸ֲһ۸񡣡Ե
Ԫһ̾
¥ȻרҵѼ鱨䴥Ǽ쵽졣Ҫҵ𣬶¥Բʲô£ʲôطͲ̫ù¥ߡ
ʵϣڵڶ죬¥鱨žͷټ
λ𣬿ɲǵ͵ˡ
¾Ͼ֮ɱøΪߵˣ±˲֪䵱Ľɫһ㡣ʱ䣬Լжôڣ¾ڵкܴӰ
Եѡ
¥鵽ټԪϱԡ
ԪϣϢˣһʵ
ţǲ鵽ʱڻͩǡԪ˵
ͩǣĿһ
ԣۡ͡˵ͷ
λڷҲһˣԶͫһǿߣһƬҲʮλ
ԴϾ¾ߺϢڷ˭֪Դд£ΪµҲӦ𱣳־롣
ϧǣµ𲢲λһġ
֮ǰѰѰף¾Ċ˹ʥһϾҫ¾ߵþͱȽϽԴˣҲ޿κΣֻܵûԴ
ǺǣԵҲûôЦһ
ʵǶǿڻϡǻ䱳Ը񣬿˳ֽѵˡԪ˵
ףЩ˾ĻƨƲƲ첻м
ԪϣҪȥͩһˡֲϻټϢļ۸񣬵һ㡣תĿ˵
ԵѣԪϼԾҪȥæסԡ
ԵѣȥͩҪʲô㡭ְɣһֱڵ⡣
ҵȻҪ֣ҪɱĿɱ⡣
λɱ¾Ŀˡ
仰亹ˡ
ɱ
ԾԵʵĳЩ£ȷʵɱһǰԾɱˊ˹ʥ֣˹ʥֵʵ֮ϡοһʱȥԵʵܱȵʱøǿˡ
ǣɱǻԻ𻤶̵Ը񣬾ԲԴ֮ʡ
ǿǻ𰡣
ԻĴڶЭ
ԵѣȲҪŭ侲һ¡ʱڻͩۡͣȥ˻֣ͩ϶ɱġۡѲΣ϶ֹ㡣ʵȊ˹ʥֻҪǿһټϻͩĵ̣ʱɱܾԵΣաԪٺܿ죬Ȱ˵Ǹ뷨
㾰ҪɱҲӦõ뿪ͩǲǣٻһ㡣
Ԫϣ֪Ǻ⡣зִ硣Կ˿ԪϣӰһ˷䡣


2326 
ھԳԪҲ̽׷˳ȥ˷䣬ԵӰѾʧˡ
ˣ
ԵѣڽˡԪϳ̾һ
ȥͩɱ𣬳ɹĿԺܵͣǶһ˲ǡƫƧԶ½صԲϣɱ𣬶һʱ䡣һɱǾˣ¾Ҫ֣ضͻһ˳Ҫɱԡ
ûлɱ𣬿ɾһڻ֣ͩضɱԡ𱾾ʵǿټϻͩ󷨼ӳ֣ܻĿԺܻܵ͡Ҳӳͩǡ
ԲôԶɡ
Ԫϵ¥ˣ޷ǰ֧ͩԮԵģǣ临ӣŪ¥ȥԪϰﾰôæɲΪʲô׽ϵֻύԣоԵǱ
ھԵΪô¥Ϊ᣿
Ѿ˵Ļ˵ˣҲȰ辰ԣԲģҲ޿κΡ
ʩչ˲Ƹ·
¥ܲͩǾ벢Զյʱ䣬Ծ͵˻ͩǡ
ͩУҲһλھסڻͩǣֱӹС
ڷ죬ЩµеĻסһڣеѡһʵĵطԼ칬ȵȾסԶͫһɽԼһסС
ͩǣ۾𣬶ڵĳС
ӿ£ӳŽС
ڷ죬κһⶼдػͩĳУһ㶼Ƚǿڶࡣƽʱ󷨲ȫҲάתٲ󷨷ֹ
ѡǿдУûһƿת󷨣һ˲䣬зͻȫǸʱƿд󼴱㾰Ҳװ׺ķʱ
ӳŽ룬ȻͷǳˡҴӳŽ뻹һôԽȷǷڻͩڡڣϢ뿪
˳УԺܿȷϢʱڻͩĸۡܶ͡໭ͩǵ޵ߣۼ
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ȷϢ󣬾ԾۡۡǳӴ󣬵ۡ޵ʵࡣλۡĸûκ
ۡڣһС
֡С͵ϯϣһ۷޵ߣǹͩǵֽ˳
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Ϊ˳ܻԾգԽҲ˳䵭Ϊ

ڷ죬˭֪Ҫ˵ǵˣҲøӡ˳һΪԷꡣ
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˹ˣˣ˳һǫı顣
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ʱһŭ쳹ۡ


2327 
һŭм˶ڡ
Ȼɫ䣬ĿδָյԵһ󻹶ݵһ¡
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ʱԾۡϿգܹܿԺúϤٻһ£
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ȻĸۡԲӡҲʲôöȴ׽
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⾰Եӻ󣬾ͩ£ˡɫ
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Щ޵ߣ΢ЩʶҲ֪ʲôˡϢͨģ֪Ŀˣһʱ
ǺǾ˿Եò󣬾ȵ˵
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ڷҪϡ֮޵֮Щʵϵ͵޵ߣǿ֪ÿһǿߵ֣Ծʱ䲻޵߾˽ⲻˡ
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Ҳ˵һЩţ˵ɱ¾һʥ֣Ҳ֪Ǽ١
ͩʲôѵг𣿡
ʲôԹͩ𱨳𣬿Ҫˡ

ӵ糱ˮһӣۼۡ޵ҲԽԽࡣ
һƬ֮У˳˶֮ۡۡ⡣
ȻΪѰ𣬾Ͷڸۡ󷨱֮ڡûҪ󷨷˵ʵ𲢲þԻԼжв
˵ʱ󷨵
С֣õǹġǺǣΪʳǻظһʱ䡣
ҲͻˣԹԲܶ졣㣬ȴ޲ɼ˫֣ɨӾԡ
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˿ߵļˣ˼ǲҪ⼸һɱ
ˣ˾ǸоԵǺǣĲţû֮ǰһΪʲô˲õڼǾʧֻɫʸΪĵˣ˳˿ԣֿ
ΪֺжԾԼ±
⹷ʲôˣԿ˳ŭ
ǵһμ𣬲鱾ˣ̾жϳ˾˳ϾϢԾͲ֪˭ˡ


2328 ޵֮
˳顢ǰһ޵ǰɲǺ˵ġ
ˣҲֶμײеģĶºǲ٣ܱһЩ¾ħͷҪ
Լǹ˳һ
ָˣǹͩǵ˳˳ָžԣ
Ȼ֪ʵǿ
Σλڳ⾰Իܷ첻ɣ
˳¾ԶԼ֣ǾԶֻ֣ҪԶ֣϶Ҳ̳֡㾰Բ֣ҲԲŹԡҲ¾Ͼ
һ
ڵȻ
׽ϵĽâҫĿƥһƿնȥ
˳޵ߣԿɲšҲ˳Ϊֺ֮޵߶ֺ˳ҵһӽĻᣬץסҲ
Ե͸Ӧ˾Եľ磬ǲڤվ֮Ϣ
˳Գ֣ûκλҵı飬˿λ֪˿϶᲻Լ
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С֣ƾҲɱңǺǣ㻹˵㣡˳Ц͵ѾʱסԵĹ
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ʱûѹԡ
ӵĵӣҲԵǻӦһ䡣
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䣡޴촫
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ֻһͩǱд١
΢΢һΣҧǣѾѪҺ
֮Ľ⣬Ҳͬʱƿȫ֯ķȦ貽𲱾͸Դ߸߷


2329 
˳һһɱ
Դ۾Ȼɵúܴ󣬷·޷Լᱻɱǻĵӣڷ˭ø𼸷ӣ
ݺᷨҲвٵĳˣЩҪôѾˣҪôڲ֪Ľɪɪм˲֪Ѱ
ԴƬ̣·ȥԴ֮µ壬ǱԴŵءʬˤۡǰۡһ졣
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ʱȫڷ
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û뵽ᱻɱڻͩǣ벻ǰ
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Ҳ޷뾰Կ⡣
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˵ǰɱ⽫ܴ鷳ӦöԾԳ֡ǣʶԼԶԶǾԵĶ֡ɱڵӣŪûԼһɱˡ
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ڿУб׽Ľϣâתˡ
Ŀ⣬ɨҲɨڶĻĿУɱɭȻЩɨһֻȫ
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ȡ˳Դ󣬾һŻ֮ͩжȥ
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죬ۼ֤һȲ˼顣ݺᷨ꣬˶Ҫӵôˣûоͱնɱ
֪Ϣȥ춼Ҫˡ𱳺λֲĴڣĶأλ𣬻ֱŭҾԱ𣬻ǶֶΣ
žԷɳУڿУþûжصĳд󣬿ŵϵһƬǽ壬ߺϢʬ塣
ô죿˭ңô죿ʹİ

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2330 Ҫ
Ȼ֪ͩǣµƹһƬˡˣͳסڻ֮ͩڡ
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֪Ҳڻͩǡ
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2331 
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˵ʲô𣿡˵ξע⵽ƺ


2332 Ÿտʼ
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ڸղţһʥҲõ𱻾ԻɱϢ֮࣬Щ֪ø˻Ǹǡ
˵Ǿɱ𣬾ǵڽ𳹵׵ˡǣǸݸոյõϢѾ֮һɱʵ
ϾԻصϢԭ۾һ˿⡣
ϾҲ֪¾ץΪʲôһǾ仰ֻҪԸϣ̾ħ¾ﵽĿĺ󣬱ὫߣһϺ񡣡һʥº͡
λһʥ֣ѾǵڶȰ˵Ͼ¾ˡ¾Ҫõкܴܿڵϼ黯伮ȻҪԵ˹ʥھУ¾뱨ѩޡ
ģϾ˵һʥֺһᣬ³֣¾һʥ֡
һʥɫ˲
һĵˣʵƢܱꡣ
Ͼ㻹ڤ粻顣ھ͸ɱ㣡һʥ䡣
ɱңϾЦ˵
Ǻǡ
һԸҪȵȡˣ϶Ͳ¾ˡɱȡȻȵ¾ֵ֮󡣷һˣζ϶ܺáһʥЦ˵


2333 
һʥ֣Ц뿪ҡ
ϾҲܽľԻ¾Լ¾ǿ϶ʮ
佹֣Ͼȴûκΰ취ڵѶûСҾܸԴѶþԲҪ¾ԿҲġ
ʱϾֻ
磬ô
һʥֳҺ󣬵Ӱħʥֱʵ
Ӳԣ׷ѿࡣһʥһ䡣
磬ûĺʵҲһǾֻҪ¾ܲͱɡ黯伮ʱɱȻѳǡӰħʥֵ
ţҲֻˡ˾ʰˡһʥ˵

ϾǣϾۡ
޴Ĺ㳡ϣʱۼ˴޵ߡЩˣϾǹҲڵ
ЩһٻϾǣȫۼϾĸۡȻҪʲô¡
ӣӣãҲС
ӣصǣԸո죬ȽӴ˾ӣõĶӣʱӣһֻһȽͨ塣ΪԵĹϵӣҵõڷɵĻᣬЩķչѾǳǿˡӣˣҲܽӽڤվˡ
ܹܣܿͨѡһŮӶߵϾܹܵ˵
ŮֽгһֱϾĸϾոݵʱ򣬳͸Ͼˡһֱ鱨ҲϾΪε֮һ
˵Ķ󣬾ϾۡĴܹղҡ
ᵽĵϾۡſ֮һʵǿΪ޵֮һǰϾۡʵǿſ͡
Ϊƹݣ˺ܶ׼ܹղҳ˵
ǣ£˺ܶݵҰв̽ʱͳöھʯȷӦ֧ˡ˵
ǶҪȫֹܹղ˫ȭ˵
ܹܣ
ʱһӰ˹ڽе߹ˣǸۡǿſ͵۾ղҺͳˡ
˶ൽˣǾͿʼЦ
˶㲻ΪҪղҿ񣬳ŭ
Ǻǣܹ˵Щʲô壿ݣڱУЦһ˵
ϾȷʵܲϾѾ¾ץߣĻҵڶƹһݵĻᡣ
ղңʶ㣬ʵʵ֧ңݺ󣬻θܹۡܡת˵
˵꣬㲻ղˣߵ㳡Ⱥǰ
λͳ㳡Ƕŵ
λϾۡǿſͣǵȻ̫İټʱ䣬ӴеˣҲǶԵ˸˽⡣
Ƕ֪ݵ֮λ
Ҷ֪ϾѾ¾ץˡݣȴһֱûԣϣܹ֧ңԺݡȻˣϾһԥλ˵
ʵ֮иͲΪϾܻ
¾ץǿ
ʵΪϾܻԲôϾδ֮ʱʵͳ١Ͼ֮Ҫɱ͸ˡˣϾһɵĿԻŻԲҳ롣
˵ûݲûֵ֧Ժƹݡһ̾͸˵
Ҳֵ֧Ͼ˻֮ǰݡ
ǣûйߣȻԽԽҡһЩ׷׳ֵ֧Ϊµݹߡ
λҲ˵䡣ܹղҺһ¡¡˵Ͼˣ϶ǻġѡµģȥ֮УϾ˶ԴλʲôӣҶѵһĶû𣿡
ܹܣ⻰˵ͨǲԲϾ飬ҸղѾ˵ˣϾ˳Ρ˵䲻ģϾһֱѵݾһֱȱ֮λ𣿡
ǺǣܹҲ뵣ҲҪҴţƽǡһֵ֧ܶ໹֧ҵֵܶ࣡Ц
㡭ղҷŭĶŵ
ܹܣһͳȺд
ˣӣӣá


2334 
ӣվȺ˵Ŀжʱɱ⡣
ݣӣѾǺǿˣԴӿʼͳ£ӣϣӣ֧ƿݣӣҴʼնûнĺ˵ǻ¸
ԵӣóܲµӣҪ˵ʲô
ӣܹղҼӣýԼĿ΢΢һ
֪ܶݵѾ򣬵ӣӦòᱻӣϾǵ߶ԺƵھ뿪ʱ򣬾Ͼһ˵Դӣҡ
ΪΪŦϾӣҵĹϵ׽
ղҾãӣ϶ᷴԵΪݵ
ܹܣΪϾ϶ݵȻûϾ֣дܹշⲻ󡣾֪ǰϾҲȥʱһܵ鼸꼸ʮʱ䡣ڣϾ𲻹뿪ʱѡӣ˵
ӣ˵仰ڳͷ
ӣ˵һ㶼û
ʱϾҲңǰϾҲ뿪ȥ
ʵܹ£ֻ˶ѣڵܶ࣬ԴٶҲ£󲿷ҪĴǵ޷óġ󲿷ˣδϵ
ӣ˵ĻеЩȻͬ
ЩԣΪˡ
ӣ˵һ㶼ûϾ𲻹ʱ뿪ϾǶѣò˶þܻܹ˳˵
ǺǣղܹܺαشװͿأһЦ
˭֪ϾǱ¾ץˣ¾ʲôطڳλӦ˵һЩɣΪϾܻˡ
ϾܻܲǵܾġϾҪܾòܻλҲӦģҪ˵Ͼ֮ʸģӦǴܹܡӣ˵
ǰղܹܲʸΪˣϾʱܳ
ֻſ͵ݶѡ
ΪʱǻǵϾϾĺܾöûپѡ˭
˽
˿ݵӣá
ӣôͣ˵
ӣһ£߳Ⱥ̨ǰλá
ӣã㹴ħͷݣ֪ͻȻһתӣŭȡ
ʲôӣɫһ
ʱ򣬻Ȼ߶ӣϮɱȥ
ʲôܹҲû뵽ͻȻ֣󾪺ȵͬʱҲҪֹӣõĹ
ǣʵȷʵǿղҲ޷ȫ⡣ټϵͻȻ֣ղҶֵʱһûסֻǵֵ˵Ĳֹܡ
ӣ׼ڵֺȫڵʱʶݶпܶԼ֡
ϧӣʵ̫ˣȫҲסĲֹܡ壬ֱӾͱµɳȥ³Ѫ
һĻһ˫üη塣
ʵ̫ǿˣ
ˣղŭЦĵ
ܹܣɲҪ˵ӣùħͷݣһתһЦ˵
ӣùħͷ⵱Ȼǵӣղӣ˵ĻѾúܶôˡٲѹܾܿͻʱ׼֮һ档ڣҪɱӺ˭ҷӣǰ֮
ӣɫ԰ףһûɱҲˡղҴܹܵס˲ܣôһѾɱˡɱģ
ˣ
ʱһͻȻ֡
ڳˣ΢΢һ㶣Ѱ˵仰ˡͷ֣ǾȻ޷ֱλãҲҲ˵˵˭
˭Ŀ䣬Ҫҵ˵Ǹˡ
Ҳûֱܷľλáƺúֺܽ翣ֱÿ˵Ժġ
˵ˣȻǾԡ
ԸոսϾǣ̿鿴еͿӣɳȥ˵ӣԣ˵
ԴϾǵĳбԵһռ䣬һ̾ͳϾۡ㳡֮ϡ
ɫ۵ľԣֻзı顣
ܹղҿЩŵķһ


2335 ̧ɱ
ղҡ˶ϾţԹھԵ˽Ҳࡣ
ղң֪ǰ뿪˷죬ٴμȻΪԾ
ղܹܺþòˡԶղ¶һЦݡ
ӣҲ߽ԳԵЩ
ӣڵķչǵھԡǾԣӣҵǲ췭ظı仯֮ڣ˭֪ǣ˭֪ӣң
ӣҲӣһк
ӳһ鿴ӣõƣȷûΣջ
ھԵĳ֣ղǵȻ˵úܡڵϾǣϾ¾ץߣǵûңɷչȥݶҡõ˳ΪԺݻ
վЩΣû뵽ԻϾʵǿſͣݵ㲻ҲܵõٵϢ֪Եʵǳǿ˵Իܹںдžǿ߲ɱ
˵𣬵ǲŵģǺǿ޵ߣǿߵĿֲΣԵʵ϶ͬһ㡣
˰ǺǣһûˡЦһžԴк
Ŀɨ
ȻոսϾǣҲûǰЩǴξѾµҪʲô
Ͼ¾Ѿ֪˰ɣ
ϾڣҲһֱû˹뵣˵
ʱ뵣ݵΪ˳ΪѾ̫ˣԼ㾰ԻȻ
ղŶӣˣԶŵʵ
ǺǣӣԻڣҲûа취˿ӣ
ӣԻڣ
ˣһſ͵ݣҲûʸӣ֡һ
еڶһҲžǼˣдηչԼȻˣǵ˳ǵˡʵȻǿӦòȵ
ЩϢǱһЩܶһӶû뿪ݵ򡣴󲿷ֵҲܱߵݻһ£ǶԾһǰ鼸û˵
ܶתǾ˭ܶԷ
⻰ʲô˼ɫҲ
ûʲô˼Ҳ˵ϻҸһᣬӣǸ⳥ʧȻݡԻһת˵
仰Ŀһ⡣
Ǹԣ㲻ڿЦɣЦһ
ԼѾܸˣȴ˿ӶԼǺǣ浱ҵ㣿ںһҵҲ㣬ʱ뿪ݣлٱǡ
㿴ڿЦڵ΢΢ת
ԣűΪ㣿ΪҲ֪ϾʲôϵߣһԼŮ˶޷ˣҲǰָֻţб£ȥ¾Ͼ𰡣˺ˡ
ƿ̧
飡
ħӡɱʩչڿռʱס
ܵħӡɱѹȺ󣬵ɫʱò԰
ʶħӡɱ
ֻǣʩչħӡɱ֮ǿеԼƺסϾʩչħӡɱҲﲻ˿ֲĵزɣ
㡭ѵ죬Ҫ˵һЩʲô
Ըû˵ĻᣬռȻ𶯣תֵû˾ͻΪ촷òˡ
ԣҲǹôħӡɱɱһ𼶷Ͼı־ֶΡ
⡭ղҵ˶žԡ
ǿϾۡǿſͣ޵ʵǳˣҲҵȵڤվε޵ߡ
޵ߣȻһֱӻɱ촷ۣ
ղҵˣеЩһҲĿɿڴղǼԳ֣ΪҪһս˶߶סԼ壬±꼰㡣˿̿ǵĶȻǶģûκη
λݵɢȥ˰ɣǰʲôԺ󻹻ʲôϾ𣬻ġԺϾٹݣҲָһλӰࡣ󣬾ͺʲô鶼ûһƽĶڳ˵
ǣ
Ǿˡ
ܹܣˣǷ׷׹֣뿪Ͼۡ


2336 
뿪ϾۡҲÿ
ӴĹ㳡ϣֻʣ¾ԺղҵˣӣҲʱ
Ͼ¾ץˡղ΢΢˵
ţѾ֪ˡϾ𣬻ᰲȻĻصϾǡԵƽȴǳᶨ
ղŵǾ仰þҲܲ˵ˣǲȥ¾Ͼ϶ȥ¾֪¾˾͵ǰͶҲȥ
ֻȥ¾֮ǰҪһЩ׼
ӣǻðɣ߹ôˣԿӣá
ӣޱȼ
ãǺܺãӣҲֺܺãΪܶࡣӣ˵
Ǿͺãӣڸۡˣƺ֮ٷǡԶһֵܹܣӣһס
ǣղæ
һᣬܹͳһҷ䡣ֲһ䡣
˵ķ䣬ǰϾۡסĵط
ǣһղҺͳͬʱӦ
ԻصһǰԼۡھסһʱķ䣬Ƭ̣һ̾ϾЦò޷ƵԺи֡
ûȶãղұһͬԵǰ
ղܹܣ¾һȥҪһЩʱ䡣㽫Ϣȥ˵Ҿ󣬱ضǰ¾ֽ̡Ի˵
Ҫʱ䡣
꣬᲻ϧһн֮Դе幥ڶŻﵽʩչǷȱģǶԷĲա
ݹлȪʯʱӦòࡣ
ʩչŻôȥ¾ȳϾİվͻ١
ʵȥӡʵҲܴȵûȥпơ
ʲôղΪԼˡ
Ҫȥ¾Ͼˣ
¾Щħͷڵž㣬ȻҪȥ¾ħͷ»ɢϢвȥ¾ء
Ϣ˵ȥ¾һҵ˵ֽ̣ǻ¾һ˵
¾֮䣬᲻ݡ
Ҳ֪Լ¾֮俪սڷûм𼶵Լкܶ˲ϲ¾ᣬҲð¾սԣҲûϣкܶǿ޵߰Լ
⡭ղҳɡ
˵ˡ԰ڰ֡
áðɡղǵĵ˵ͷ
С㡣ֿ֪Ͼ߸ռ鱨Ϣˣܲ
ֳͺáû̫飬Щ䡣
ⲻԾԣıɽԸ
鷳㽫ֶųȥѼ¾ϢǷ¾ʵǿħͷһʱ֪ͨҡ˵
ǣ
ȥɡ˵
ղ˳Եķ䡣
˵ʲô˵ȥ¾ⲻǷ¾ǵطȥ˻ܻʱǲϾزҲᡭ˾Եķ䣬ղҽ˫üҡͷ˵
һˣȻҪô϶ԼĿǣܹܰվԸȥǡ˿ղ˵
ղ̾һ
ղȻ⾰ΪҪȥ¾ԾԵķԸϸִСϢܿʹϾɢݣӡ
ɢٶ쳣ľˡ
ϢɢôٶȣҲ뾰ԵľйءԾȻ˵ȥ¾ƽ¾
Ϣ˲һ´쵹Ҳ
һº
ܹܣңղǰղղҴѶһˡ
šղұ졣
ӵһЩϢûУλƺѾˡղһ
ղҵȻ֪
ʵϣ֮ǿߣղҼȫ֪Щϲڹ¶ղһҲ֡λһֱߵúܣû˲֪һЩ޵ֻҪΣҲϢ
̫٣Ĺע޵ܱȵġ
޵ߣںĴڣҲܾޣֻڽǿ޵߻ߴ֮йע
£ڼǰ͵õϢǱɱصǻͩǡص˵Ͼ¾ץߣֱӹϵþŭ鵽λã㵽ͩǵɱ𡣡˵û̫顣


2337 
ղԡ
վһɱʱղҾ;þԿѾ֮޷ȷԳ̫ˣܿ϶Ծ֮ǿߡȻҲǿ϶ܸӦԵľ硣
ȷڻͩնɱղұȷȷʵ֮ǿˡڻͩǵǰɱ𣬾Ƿǳǿǿ߲
ǡ
㾰ǿߣǰ¾Ҳȥ޻ذɣ¾ǷΪϵ֮һ¾ػ󷨷͵ȴˣ˵¾лһɵֲóġ
¾д׺ķ
Ȼȥ¾Ļ

죬ء
ڷ죬Ǻպ׵֮һطѰǿ߶롣
𣬱סص
ʵϣλڵ£һƬصҽĻҽɲͨҽҽֱӴݻ𼶵ķ⺧˵Ļ淨
ΪóҲǻԵںܾúܾǰҵغ󣬱ûҪ飬ٻ뿪ء
ҲڻһЩͽܣͽǳ̣һѡУһЩıصҽλ֮޵ߣԻɱ֮һ
ϼ޵ߣ͸ˡ
ǿҪͽԭ򣬿ɲó̵ͽܣһԭйءأ̲һʯֿʯΪƾʯ
˿ʯ֮޵ߵǿȡ
ıһλõУƾʯ˾Բ٣ΪֹûκܹӻжȡصĿȨ
ʵǿȴҲܴ֪ԼǶ̻ƾʯ϶ŭҲͳһЩƾʯ֮УһӴ񣬼з𶼵ɫ
õӣλ˶Ϊһ仰òܱ衣
һʱ䣬غܲƽ
ΪĵˣǱһоԵ޵ɱġȻأϢ󲻾ã͵õϢյõϢʱ򣬾ȥɱΪӱ𣬵ջԥһ¡
ΪڻͩǱɱġңֳ
֮УʵΪǿġ
֪޷ֹɱҾɱǳɡòǣԵʵжǿ
ܿȷһϢѾ֮
𲢲֪ԣھɱ¾˹ʥֵʱ֪ˡһ޵ߣɱ¾˹ʥ֣ĵȻ᲻˽һ¡
ʱôǿ֮жǿ
𲻵òǣԼԶԾԳ֣ҲûԵİɱԡһɱɾ͸ˡ
ԭԥ޷¾ҪҪȥɱԡ
ھɱ֮ʣһܶ
𣬺ܿ档
ΪѰ죬Ϊϻŭ֪鼫ĵһ㶼ˡ
ʦ𣡡һգһΪصĵǰ
һ۷ε޵ߣкܴϣ֮ǳصһӡ
ǾԷŻ˵Ҫݻ¾ӵͷ˵
ţһϺɫĳ۱棬ԵȻת
ʦȥ¾ʵǿ棬¾ɳһȺҲ޲ߡȥ¾Щ¾˿²÷ʲôɱɣ¾Ĵ͸ֱ۷춼Ҳڶ֮ȡӵкǿļʶ
ϢΪ棿
ǧȷϢѾò˶þܴˡӵͷ

ȥ¾ǱɣʡԳˡ
ʱ䣬ǶС¡˵ǿߣǶһСһ˵궼ǵָһ˲
ꣿʱҲݻ¾ݻ¾ǾܳΪɵۡߣܼᷨһ𹥻¾
ͷת󣬻Цһ
Ǹӣȥ¾Ͼ޴Ц
ȡѶһٴθѶ


2338 
۾Ѷ
ǰңܿӴѶڴ
֪ҵԺˣͳһʵ
Ȼ֪£ھɱ󲻾ãʹѶ˴¡
ʲôȻ飿һȵĿǡ
Īǻ֪£һ
ǰʱʵڱչ֮У淢顭ϢЩˡ⡭һ˵ϢȻɱˣˣһ¾ץϾ±֪Ծʢŭɱгϧ
ⷬƺ˵ӣʵҲڸԿѡ
֮˵Ȱ¾ץ˼ҵ£˼ҵȻҪˡףдȡ
Ǻǡ˸Ҫﻰ˼ǾͰ׻ôʱˡ
øһɣֵ
ǰ˼ǣЩ̫ףʾװɵ
ҵӣˡɱҵӣûֱȥɱԣǿϣѵ㲻Ӧøһ˵𣿡𻺻˵
ǰˣԲҵ˵Ͼҵȴ¾ϾץˣҾ;úҰίķ˵
ãõĺܣ˵⼸ֱֺӾжĴѶ
Ѿˣ϶µԼᴫѶǰӦԼˡδѶù˸ӡ
Ҿ͵꣡Ѷ˵
ȥ¾ɣҲʡ֡
ʦھʲô𣿡ģ́ͷһۻʵ
˵Ϣ˵һصǾԣһʱ䡣ӻұĪ
˵ʱԼʦ⡣
ǣʦͽϢȥת˳ȥ
ʱϢԷٶ촫
о˵ȥ¾ݻ٣лʱ޵ˣȻܿе¡
һЩ˵£Цҡͷ
ϼһҲûоԵİհҪȻʱ䣿
ǲ򵥣Ȼûƶԥˡ

ĲٴԼľƵ
վ۷εĴ֮⣬в𾳽޵߿ʼԣ˵ɱЩˣΪֺû˵ΥĻ
Ѿ֮޵ߣȻкܶڻǰûаǡΪֺܹûǲϧ涼ԲҪ
߰ϢȻҲϾǡЩϢ󣬽ҪĴ˽ֻһЦ֮ǡ

Ծһ
ɥĲ񣬾Ȼɱ𡣡
ߣжǿʵѾҲ½ӡδáɱ𣬿϶ʲôֶΣǲʵ
˵ʲô˵ﾰԣҪСЦҿ·һС
ҸǣңҲȥϾǶھȥϾ
ڻ𴫳Ϣʱ󲻾ãв˳ԣҪ·ΪԾ·ʱڣϵһлߵߣÿһطҪ˵һڮ١ԵĻ
̶̵ʱڣЩ۱ɢ
·Ȼǹġ
Ϊ˱Լ̬ȣû֪Լ̬ȡ
·ʵǿ֮޵ǿеȵλáһǾյϵڷܹŽǰʮλ¾Ӱħʥֶ
仰˵ǳɫεǿҪɱǳѡ
ɢһʱ辰ԵĻλ·𣬾ϾǽӽƺȷʵǴ㵽ϾҾԡ
Լֹһܵʱ䣬·𣬵Ͼ֮⡣
ʱķ죬ע·޵߻Ĳ٣ע·Ķ
·ȥҾˣ
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2339 ն
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ȥɣСһЩǣ̾ԶϾǣѾǰУҷ̫Ķ


2340 
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Ӱɱǵ͵Ȼʩչ˻ԾԵȽСԳʱάӰɱʩչ
һʩչԵĿжʱһ⡣ӰɱʩչڲʱȡԵĽչ


2341 ޵
ʹû󣬾Ե͸
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մʳǻصʱ򣬾ԪϽ¾ôץϾڵҲйϵڵǸʱｫȥӦʱԮϾġ


2342 ѹ֮
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2343 ¾
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2344 ѹ
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2345 ڰ߱ս
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2346 Ż
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2347 û
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2348 ¾ĵ
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2349 û
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2350 ɣӣ
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˵ܹƵ¾ʹʮħҲ԰ˣϾֻһˡ
׺˵̸
λѣѵǲܻпܸıԪĸ𣿡ɽ֮̾Ϣһ˵
ɽ֮仰׺Ƕ˵ˡǣɽ֮˼
ڻԪ򣬷ȷʵȽơ
˵ǰ𱮣ʮ֣һڷĶûСӾԵıֿԽ׺ҲòϾϣ𱮵ġ
ǵҲϣվڻԪˣЩˣԸ񲻺áûЩǰ̫ҪλϡƬ̴Թ˵
ɽ֮˿û˵
еľԣϢԽԽήҡ
ֶֻܼá
Сӣɣ
¾£¾ʥ֣һ߹һߺš
ԿѪӿȴԽԽˡ
ţһʥȻһֱû֣һֱžԣԵ仯вһ¡
񣬿ɲǼնɱеġһʥִӾԵĿУûеĻҺͿ־塣
ô£ѵСֻʲôֶûʹãѾһȻܲŵûó𣿡һʥЩš
ʱľԣʱпܱնɱܳסʲôƣ
ɣӣ
ʱ򣬾ϢȻ࣬һɫĹâٿ֡
۱ӣ
ʳǵ򣬾Եõӣյõ۱ʱҲǿ΢ٿӵġӷųһϣ
ǽͷŵķϣǲ¾ġ
ص꣬ǰʱԵʩչŻһʱ䣬ȫоϡһʱܶݣкܴջġ
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ȻһʹĺܴϣмߵĺķѡǣĲٿ£ӽΪµܡ
ɫ̿ؼĺɫħһӶࡣ
ƵĲ࿪ɫ·С
ǡ
ڶ޵ߣĿɿڴһĻ
⡭ƺǵ۱׺ôҹɵ۵ӣ


2351 նɱһʥ
۱ܣء
׺ǽɫ⣬ĿǼ𾪣ǺȻ֮ɫ
ôᣬôܣ⡭ӣҹɵ۵ĵ۱ӡǣҹɵϴγڻԪѾǺܾúܾǰˣĵ۱ôھУ׺
ʵ׺Զûлɽ֮󣬵׺ϳ˵۱ӣҪ˵ɽ֮ͻλˡ
׺ɽ֮ͬò˼顣
һ۱˺׼ĳˣ
ңǾó۱ӵĵ۱ҫԪ˸Ǵҹɵۡ
ҹɵһʧѾܾãȴͻȻͳˡԣѵҹɵҲʲôϵɣ
ɵ۵֮Դõҹɵ۵ĵ۱ӣ
ɽ֮ˣǲ֪ɵҹɵ۵ĹϵڻԪ򣬱˵Щ޵ˣɵۣҲֻ֪ɵҹɵá
Բӣƺܴ߶ӡɽ֮һ˫۾žԡ
һƬɫεģԿһ֡ӡӡ
ԵܣͬһɫĹΡ
ӣһʥֳϣֲ̳
¾ϳڣҲûе۱ڡλ¾ɵ۴Ȼ²ٷвǿ߾;ķЩԶﲻ۱Σ޷۱
ɱһʥ
۱ӵĳ֣õһʥһ˿õԤСĿǰοٿԴԲٿˡܾɱԣǽ¾ܾҪڱˡ
䣡
ɱ
飡
һʥ֣ȫԾԳ֡
ֻǣǵĹӴܽɫȴǸ޷ƿȻǵսʮħӳ¶ʮȻ޷ƿӵķ
ӣǱȽƫĵ۱
֮壬ħɽħһ޲ٿӣͷųһɫϣ׳סư޷ƿɫϡǿסһӴСڣֻýɫԼܶѣԱӵķ˵Ǽ᲻ɴˡ
ҪƾܵĽɫΣҲֻʹõ۱޵ˣҪɵԳֲ
ڰ׳ǣħɽħûӱԼΪԣѾܸεʹӡ
ģôе۱һʥɫղ
ͬʱҲԶˡ
ΪһӰž׺ݵ˹ȥ
һʥӭԼǷЦ⡣
һ
ƣԿкȳһ֡
ˣ
ӱ汾ŨĽɫΣһ̱øΪۻ롣
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˿˿ƵĽɫâ¾ĺɫħڼ̵ʱ߰˰ˡһƬ֮䣬ʱࡣԶȥƺֻ޾ɢܵĽʡ
һʥַһҽС
ʥ֣Ҳȫһ¶ʹɫɫ⣬Χǵܣϵǵ塣
Щ¾ʥ֣һʱ䶼ûмֹȥԭǿƥϢͿʼ˥ܿ죬ʥǾͻָԭϢʮħǵļӳ֣ͬʱʧˣλǿĵһʥ֡
¾ֲ󷨣ʮħǰҲ㲻ʲôɾͱƵˡ
ȻҲܴ󣬾Ըо崫һƣСʱܳܵסӵ̶ܼȣжԼԼǿԼʱ䣬ǽ߾ȫҲǰ߰˸ʱ䣬ڲŹȥʱѡ
岨˵һʥ֡
ߵȻ岨ŵһʥʩչһʥԲٿصʮħոձȥӻûȫѹԵĻ岨ͺϡ
֮ţ𼶻֮ӱ׽ֶ
һʥʵǿ󣬾ûʮħļӳ֣սҲС¾ڶԾвˡʱ˿̣ԵȻѡȽһʥָɵΪһɱԶϧѾ˺ܶʩչ岨
һʥֱ岨崫ʹ嶼ƲסľһζоһĿֲɱѾԼǰ
һʥʱѹâƽ
æ߶ֵ
ϧǣĶվ˲١ٿصķδγǿֵͱ֮â񱩵Ľâ˲Ϣ佫ȫݻ١


2352 
ɱһʥֺ󣬾ûֹͣ
ӵȷʵ󣬿ά۱ʵ̫󣬾ϲ֮ûʩչ֮ԴеҲΪҪܵĽʡԷ䡣
ħӡɱԶӰħʥͷ˴ħӡɱ
ۣӰħʥֵ壬ڴħӡɱѹֱըΪһѪ
ĽѾ࣬дĽȻӰЩ¾ʥ֡
µʥּǵĴһʥֶԻɱ󲿷˶лңѾʧȥ˶־
ʥҧԸʥ˳˵
һʥѾ¾ĵλߵˡڽʥ󣬻ŵʥַ׷׷ˡ
ֻӰ£ǵٶȸͿ첻
ʵǿĽʥ֣ٶҲܻ
ЩʥѾɥʧ־ٶԼйԲŲٿӳȥĽɫĻţֶЩӴеʥ֣ųһо
ɫʯһĻ棬ųޱȵ¶ȴ
¡¡


ģ㣡ٿ㣡
ҽ
üӴеʥ֣Уֱӱ
¾еҲ͵һʥֺ͵ڶʥʵǿʥԾͱȽˣ͵סԵĹطʩչͨ׼ѵס˵ʧȥ־ֻ˼ʥˡ
ˣʮΧԵ¾ʥֻ֣˳
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¾޵ߣЩʧ롣ǣû¡˵¾ϳ棬Ҳյľ档
ѾƵòˣֻܶʱ䣬ʹ¾ִｨȺ
ǳһ¾Ĵ޵Ⱥų͸һЩڵĽƣҵ˱ѺеϾ
׷ɱʥ֡
˴ǰ¾һĿľǾϾ𣬵ڶĿĲ¾
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еϾȥһ·ϣٽƣƿûķѶʱ䣬Ծͳ嵽Ͼǰ
ʱϾ𣬻ڱħĥήңڵѾǳȶ仰˵ϾʵѾ;ƿݵĵزһܽȫסôħԹͻһϾѪ塣
ɶ񣡡ϾӣԼۣ۾Щ졣
ϾԽϾ֡
Ͼƺ˾ԵǹƬ̧̣ͷƺ徰ԣվǰԶĿȴδ̫ı仯ϣҲֻľı顣
Ͼܿˣ
䣡߶һɫ׹ָܳħ֮ϡ
ħԹ飬ĺЩԹƺ֪Լ𣬶ƴ׹ҫγɵĵ绡ħתһȦڲԹ鼸ɱøɸɾ
һϾǰϾ衣

ϾϢ΢оסԼ֣оϤϢЩ仯
ѵſԡ𣿡
Ͼᡣ
صĵͷٷһŵҩϾ¡
ʱľԣĸӣϾܵĥͬ¶¾ԭѾ˲ٵķŭٴεķ
ԽӷųɫӣϾϷһɫ£Ͼ𱣻ڡȻԼҲ࣬΢߶ӱϾϾ𣬲ղʹʮħʮʥҲͲȫͷӷ
ϾһᡣҡȥЩɱ⣡Ե䣬űߵ
ΪϾʶģأǿнϾǬ磬ܻһϾ塣ϾʶϣǽϾǬͲκӰ졣ڣֻʱϾϾѾ»ָĵҩӱҲܰȫ
޾ŭھȼգ
Դзɳ
¾ڶħͷȻԵúңûӳ¾ϳġΪǼŵʥֻ
ھԽμϾʱ򣬼ʥҲδĽ̸˼䣬ǾþԴϾֻҪԲ¾С
ԡˣʥ֣Լͷ­
ĳνɿѾԾԷˡ


2353 ײ
һʥѾԻɱ¾ʥ룬תʮһ˵¾ѾԪˡ
㾰Բݻ¾Ժںܳʱ¾Ҳѻָˡ
ڶʥֽŻŵʥ֣Ȼ¾Ӧóžȥεʱߡ
ʥַˣ¾ʥ֣ҲԾ΢΢ͷ
ǡûʶеŭ¾֮ǰκεļʵϾԴʱеķŭܱ¾֮ǰҪǿһЩ
¾֮ǰûпϾ¾ܵʹࡣ
ڿϾʱ򣬾ƺᵽϾʹࡣ

ȷе˵¾ϾĥҪ¾ֱĥԻҪԷŭ
ΪϾ𴿴ΪԲŻᱻ¾ץ
ԶԼûܱϾŭŭһתΪ¾ķŭ
¾ŵħͷϣܾʹ˰֣ȫΡ
¾ΪƽصľģԴʱޱȵļᶨ
ԱŶĽʥֵˡ
ǽϾץʱ򣬵ĥϾʱǾ͸뵽һ죬ǻڵĺԵ̲ɱ⡣
ʥֵ̾Իе˼Ҳо仰еɱ⡣
ʥ֣ҵ̧ͷзŭǾš
չֳʵǸ޷ֵġǾԲʹǼ۱ӣҲԶǾԵĶ֡
ԴˣѵҪϾɱӦ¾һλɵ۴˴ġʥǿԼ侲ž˵
һΣûٻӦκλֱӳˡ
׽ϣ⸡ֲ֣Ľâļʥڡ
У
֮
ħӡɱ
ԼĴ߶
֮ǰĴսԵȷʵܴ󣬴ʱѾӦüˡǣûԥĵ֮
Ե̶ȣǳǿʳǵͻ֮ʱ򣬾ԲȱĵھʯԴͱѰ޵߿֮ʱҪöࡣ
˻ǰҲ޷ͷŵǸΡ
ŵ˼Գ֣û̫ƴ˼ڣ뵽ľ¾ֻҪ¾򣬾ԾͺѼ׷ɱԼˡ
ǣǵٶҲԱȵϾԣڴħӡɱӰ£ҪѾԵ׷ɱһ顣
ûʱ䣬ʥҲȫ˾ԵСЩ֮µħͷھγֵʱ򣬴һѷˡֻҪĶԾչǵʵԵĹжƿҪԾ˺͸ˡ
¾ȺɱɢȥڰһƬռУûһŵ¾ħͷ
һս¾ʥֲεħͷԼʥݵ޵ߣȫնɱһѵĶûС
ˣɽ֮һ
УԿ𾪽ɢһҲ󲻵һսĽ־Ȼһڴսʼ֮ǰҲΪһŻ¾С
ڽˣȴ¾߲㱻նɱ¾ӽһƬˡ
ǰ˵ԼҪǰ¾ݻ٣ʱ˭뵽Ļ
ɽ֮ԣΪǳ˵쿪˾þǷ˻
Ľ죬ǰ֤ԼǷǳ˵Σˡ¾ڷպԪкܴĳǿȻ̮ˡ
˵λ¾˲Իؽ¾ô¾ֻΪʷеһʡ
ǡײУֹһ䣬ɫᳶкܲƽ
׺һۣ˶ڶԷп˲
ΪҪݻ¾Ϊ¾ץϾ𣿶¾ץϾʱڵǰæġԶ¾ʹֶΣɲ׺롣һҪĿԼڵš
׺磬ͬˡ¾ڵŴϹϵΪĵǣŴߡԴʳǵ󣬵һ¾ɱ𡣶ɱþڵ
ԣûе𣿻룬Զĵܻһ㣬Ǻܴ˵ĻȥأֻǰĿĲǲɱ


2354 ǿ
¾Ҳ
ԵǿʵȫԴǰԷŻҪݻ¾ڿǸξȾԡ
ûεȰ˵ԲҪǰ¾ΪѾԾԵԸһ˽⣬ԼȰҲþԸı
Ǹ취ʹһռ䱦ｫǿд¾ק취ҪϡԣûϣΪˣʮħ֮£˭ܵסֻɵ۲ֵܵɣ
뵽ԾȻе۱һʹ۱
ǽһƬ¾
ԵʵƵϷһ˰ɣŶûнӡûɱˡɽ֮¶Са

ٽΣӣϾ
ΪѾùָĵҩϾɫȷźһЩʶȻ̫ѡ
ԱϾ𣬳Ρ
Եѡ
Զͫǰ
ž¾ǿֵ߽ʱԶͫҲںɱһЩ֮µ¾ħͷ
ԶͫԭΪθž¾ҲġҲ벻ˡ
Զͫѣ鷳һսɡԶԶͫЦЦ˵
áãԶͫͷ
¾Ƿ쳬ǿϳ֮ڣԴȻľˡǰӳ˺ܶСɫܴ˲ԴͷӦû
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ûϾǷȥ¥ܲȥ
δ
¾ѾݻˣڵŻǻ𣬶úúõġ
Ͼڵ״ҲܴϾȥ׺ˡԣ㽫ϾȰ¥ܲϾָ塣
¥ܲ
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¾군ˣ
áӦ
ԪϣϾƺأ𣿡ʵ
¥ųȫ֧־ʱ򣬾Զ¥һپȫûˡ
仰һһ񣬾Ը⽫Ͼ¥ܲǲ˵Զ¥𣿶Ҳ֤Զ¥Ѿûнˡ
ˣЩ಻סϲãӦ̴ȥѰõ˵ҩͲϡ
ڻ᲻ڵŵȵȣ¥ȫˡڵڵšأ¶Թ˲ϾˣĻо¥
صԼľӴĹ֮УԺзת¾ݻٵ龰
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ĴѶ
ǰңʵ
ȷʵҪæ
ǰ˵˵
ҾͲȦˡҲ֪ԵҡڵſһЩᡣ֮ǰѾ׺̸ǾӦú;һ̸̸˵
˵ݣ̫뾰ֱ硣
뾰ԱȽϤеһ£һʾԵʲôʱʱ䣬һ̵ͬ
ô˵ϵЦ
̸ˣ
֮ǰǿɶƵúܽ
ƣǻŻԵȥ
¥Ҫﾰԣһܻӡ¾Դݻ٣ˣҪ̸İɣ
һû˵Щס˵Ƿ£ҲӦóһµġ˵ԵѲĵĻҪغڵţ¶Ȯɣ
Ǻǣ¾ûʲô˻ǡڷڣкܶѣǲῴر޶Եġ𲹳һ䡣
ڷļ侪ˡǻȣǲ֪Ρ
ڵţҲǺѹƵġ
ǰԿɡԻ᲻ͬ⣬ҿɲҴƱ˶˵
ãǾ鷳ˡ˳һһݺл˵
˵ĺ񣬵Ȼصزƾʯ
ô˵׺ڻԱߣѶʵ
˵뾰Сϵֻǲܱ֤Ե̬ȡߵ


2355 
¾ƽ󣬻ڵ׺ԾȷʵһЩη塣
ػڵţڷϣǲȫ¾ȵġ
򵥵һӣطòʮħȵ󷨡ʮħǴ¾ɵԴ󷨣غڵţûɵΪǴ
ˣ¾Ǹˡ
һػڵţû̫İܹסķ죬Ҳ뾰ɱ
һ㣬ǻ׺Ҳòϡ¾չֳʵ֮޵ʵĽˡټϣлһµĵ۱ӡ
αԵõģӾھʵһԶӶԸǣô뿿ϵ뾰ԶԿѡ
벻׺ҡͷ
벻һǾȻҲľǴ˾صģһС׺ĿеĹ⻪ܸӡ
Ϣɡ𵭵˵
ڵȴʱҲûʼڵһλλ
ȻͣҲûȫϣϡһûгɹ׼֣ȻԴСص赲סԣҪ֧Լ
ڣȻкܶǿԸΪȻҪһ㣬ƾʯԾƿ֮ڣһֶκһкǿԴ
¥ܲ
ڸҩͲ֮£ϾƴڿٵĻָ֮С
ʱȥϾʶȫˡߺܿģαԾȳû̫ӡֻһЩģĸо
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˲ٵʱ䣬Ͼȫ¾Ѿݻ¡
¾ڷ̫̫ˣû¾Ҳбһ졣
һ죬ôͻȻ¾ݻٵḶ́ôĿ١
Ͼ𽥵ĻָѹֵҲ滺˺ܶࡣǣûԭڵźͻĴ㡣ڵŻǻ𣬶븶㹻Ĵۡ
ԵѡԪϴ˽
ϢѾųȥˣʱӦõõϢԪ϶Ծ˵
Ҫ¥æųϢֻһ仰һڣǰء
仰ڷ촫󣬱ض޴𶯡ңһǰԷųϢ˵Ҫ¾һЩͬ
ǰһΣз޵ԷųϢ֮ԱǣϢҲ͵Цˡͬˣ¾ݻ٣ûӾԷųϢˡ
˵һڻǰأô⣬Կ϶˵ġ
ȥʲôȻһϢû˵ҪݻأûΪȥһɵġ
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ԪϣлˡԶԪϵ˵ͷ
С飬ԵѲҪҿ˵
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¥ĹϵͬˣԾΪͬˡֻϵûйˡ
ȡѶԼѶ
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Եѣ㣬һ¡£йأҲڵйءżɽ˵
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˵Ϊ֮ǰһЩᣬ̫㣬мˡ˵š
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ţԵѡʱɡȷ鷳֪ͨңһ
жϴѶ󣬾ĿеŨ˼֡
ԵѣˣԪϼѶʵ


2356 
Ե˵ͷ
˵ƥҪ̸ˣЦ
ǰŻҪڵ̸ˡ
Եһ֮ݻ¾η˰ԪҲЦһ˵׺Ҳ˰ɣ
̸Ҿ͸һλᡣҪ˵һЩʲôԵ
̬ǣԪʵ
˵ֻǴûκ򡣲Ȼˣ˵ϣƥ̸еģͲҴѶˡҡҡͷ˵
Ԫϵ˵ͷֵԵѣԶͫ¾кѼĶ¥ѾˡķԸЩȽаķȫٵˡ¾󲿷ֵĲƸҲǸϡпգǲȥǱ߿һ£
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ԶЩħһа񷨱ֱӻԴǸֲ䱦Ҳвķ𼶵ķͷкܶࡣ
ЩȫھʯǶ齨һǿˡ
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ȻҪܶັĲϣҪʩչ֮Դеͼ𣬶Ҫྪ˵ĺϡ棬ҲԲϻ
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׺ȻĵǣǶԼģǴ˲֮޵߹
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Уʱ˽кһֱûжϹвˣڷ¶вɽ֮ͬһεĴڡ
ԴЩˣҲǱ㹻ûκļӡȻЩ˶Ҳܿô˵Ƿϵ䡣
ԽԽ࣬ھڵӺ󣬴𽥰
ǣǾԺͻ׺ˡʱδ¶档
СˡаôǰѾ֪Լ˭ˡ
ֻ룬ûнЩ˵
λǰĵأʦϬͻȻվܵǿ߹ּ̬ȹ
ܵˣأܶ˶ҲİϾǻͽܣؿ֮ʱҲˣѾԻɱʱ䳤öࡣ
ԼҲ̫һЩ֪λǰμӽյ̸Уȴٳûеǲ֪˵
ܵ鶼ͬ۾·ڳϴЦݣҲ΢˵ͷƺͬĻ
أ£˵ķݣ̵
Ǻǳ𣬵ʵв̺ЦЦȥ
Ǻǣһ̤ƽ¾ֺᣬȻĸЩϼһҲ׺ԳЦһ˵
ˣҾþˣ̸У̸ֻ֮ڰڼҲˡ̸Уǰμӵǰô࣬ʲôʸڼӣһڵŵĳվ׺
һȣҲûϵġǶѾˣҲںһʱ䡣ɽ֮˵
ɽǺƢЦſɽ֮˰߼ʱչʱҲ㳤ҲʱѡУǳôһǲ֪Ҹ˵¾ݻϢʱ汻һȻ˵ٵ¾ֻһˣҵĵһоЦû뵽Ȼġ
ǰҲţǾˡҹʵҪҲ뿴λһ֮¾ˣҵʶһ¡ͺܴ
λǰλѣ
վ
ѾˡתĿ
ղӵѾ¥Ԫϼ˵
䣬ŴӰ˽


2357 簡
̸У¥ԪڤԪ뾰һ
ԭԵ˼һˣԪϾþһǰ̸лԵõǻ׺ضǶǰġԾԪҲеͬڤһˡ
ԵѣվԾԹ֣΢Ц
ˣԹֻ
ֿ˵ڤҲˡ
˶
Ԫϵ¥ˣǱȽǿģʵҲûдﵽ۷ǸԣǰһֱǱֺǫ̬
Եѡ
һμ棬ԵᣬȻ;Լнľˡ
ԵȻᣬǿһһġڷ죬ǰЩϼһҲȥˡ

к֮󣬴һЩͺܴϼһҲ׷׳ԡв֣̬ΪҲվֳӭӾԵ̬Ȼˣռݴ󲿷ֵ˶δȻԼλϡ
һЩ˻б۾ԣƺҪ͸Եӡ
˰ת·ҪһӣΪʵܿЦ˵ǲǻޣǻΪԾҲʲôӰ죬ǵ崿뾰ȡ
λǰˡԶ΢΢
Щд󲿷־ԶʶвһܸоЩϵϢевٶ۷ļʲôмΪǿʢģƺܽӽɽ֮ˡ
Բô裬һЩ˵˵ͷеˣвǻ׺ģҲԼǰ뿴һ֮¾ʲôӡ
ʱ򣬾ԵĿҲ˳ɨ
ڵĳ裬ҲǱȽнģΪƬһƬǻڵ׺ҲƬ
һƬûֱӹϵˡƬܽһ۾ܿ𡣽̸УҪΧڵһƬ޵ߡԣȻҲƬС
Եѣкԡ
Եͷ󣬱˹ȥԪϺڤԪϣҲھߡڵݣ͵ǾԵˣҲֱӲ뵽̸Сԣ뾰һⲢûвʵĵط
˵Է費κ˿ڿ˲˵񰡣һ΢΢һн
Ŀǰ˻Ȼһ㣬֮ǻġ
ţ˵ɣһЩڼ۷ε֮ת
λϵܣǶľҲ˵ˣ϶û˽Ǵ඼ʱչ޵ڷ鲢Ǻܹġ¾ͻȻ串ǿܻ¶ءɽ֮΢΢һ
ɽ֣˵˵ʲôɡת
ţҾͼ˵˵µʼĩɡʵҸ˿ǲܹ־λ˵ġ£ҪӻƵѵ˵𡭡ɽ֮¾ץϾһ顣
ڵǣԭҲ˵ú
¾ԹĹҲ˵ˡ
Ǽλ۷εǿɽ֮˵ҲЩꡣɽ֮ⷬȷʵܹ־ԡ
˵⣬ȣҲɱͲԹڵţҵģڵžȻ¾ܾϾҲֲþҪڵŵ鷳
Ǻǣ˿ǻ׺ҵġû뵽ֺ׺ҲᱻƵءһ
ԺڤԪˣǰλá
һų
ڿϣ׺ԼǴļһϡһߣʱĿŵġ
˹ȥ󣬱ǿŵĳ¡
׺Ŀž߹¡ĿǰΪֹû˵κλɫѿ
̸δʼǶڻ׺ԣѾܶˡǵݣȴҾ̸УǾǺܳ顣ڣǻǽԵһССȻʵǿᲢۡ
ףǻûкܺõĵԼĽɫ
Ǻôļӣô˵㡣ˣһǸⶼûС簡ĵ


2358 ɱ絶
Ʒв⣬Ҳʲôö
ǵԾԣԲ̬ȶԾԣûӣǺġʱ˰ʦߣڻкöʦĺѡ
ʵûˢһˢڸС
Ļüͷһ
˼λԿ
Ի治ʶȻ֮ʱ磬ڷҲȽϲ¶ڴ֮ǰû뾰Դֲ۷ΣԲʶ
ɫ˺ڣЦʦܣ
ŶԭǻƵĵءԵ˵ͷ
ʶأ˵֮ӷֱ
ԣ㲻ҪؾᡣôûһУôǰܣһСôǰһˣѵӦãһȵ
۾΢΢𣬶
أû˵ķݡãʵʵı졣Į
㡭ضʱðɣ
ˡ𿪿ڡ
ʦ𿪿ڣźݺݵ˾һ۲ٶ˵
ԵѣȻҲѾˣҲ˷ʱ䣬ھ̸̸ɡž˵
ô̸˵ɡԲĵ
Աߵ׺һۡ
ԵѣҵӣɱԭӦΪģɫ֮һ𻺻˵ء
Ϊӱԡ˾⣬ʱɶ֡ЦЦĵ
һ͡
ҪаգͣžһΪȻı飬÷ζҪըˡ
𣬼ȥǶûôҳϣʵǿƾ˾вңʹشˡ֮Ը̸УҲΪѹŭ˵
𵽵ô̸ˬɡ԰ڰֵ
ҵҪܼ򵥣óһϼ黯伮֮ìܾˡ˿
ĻԲûסЦԼ̸ȻҪԼóϼ黯
ڵţҲҪṩһϼ黯ȻڵŻóһھʯ򡣾ļ۸ǿ˽顣Ը黯伮ڵţڵŲܱ֤Ժ󲻸һЩ˲ķա׺ڻº󿪿˵
Կ˿ֿ˿׺ڵŵ
ϼһƤ̫ˣӦ˵ȫҪˣ
ʱڵһЩˣ˼ҲŻ˵Ļ
ڴУܲÿһ˶Ҫϼ黯õϼ黯˾Բһ۷εǿ˵ϼ黯ҲкܴˡǲӵܵԼҲ˷ϼ黯ǵķһˡ
Уһ־ǳϼ黯ġ
׺ǣЩ˰жˣ̸еĻᣬͬĶԾʩѹþԹԹԾͷ
ɻ׺Ҫ󣬵ȾԴӦҪӾеõ黯ˣûҪԲӦˣôǾͻͬѹȾͬ⡣
Щ˿ⲻܲþó黯伮Ǿϵ׻ж黯伮ʵǿѵ˶ΪУ
λǵθˣɫһ£һĶԻ׺˵
⻰ʲô˼׺
ϵ˼ǲΣôΪһӦֿЦҪأЦм˵

ԣΪʵǿܺ޼ˣֱĳˡ
ǺǣΪ㣿
С̫ˡʵȷʵǿʦҲ˵ûʲôɱ㡣ǣΪҪɱ¾ȥˣ㲻Ϊ˾ϾǸŮ𣿾֪ϾӦ¥ܲɣΪʦ׺֣Ʋ¥ķ𣿻УϾǵҲӦòǺںİɣв˶ܸмǺǣҪϾǵһ˾
Сӣ̫ˡʱ㲻ЭĴۻںص񣬷·һߡ
˵Щʱ򣬾еɱѾ絶


2359 ɱ
о˾Ŀɱ⣬ҲȻһ
ַ
棬һԾɱĻη塢ɴʱԼʦǰڳԼ
˵ˣԼ֣ǸҪֹȾͻֹԡΪ̸еͣģȻ̸˫ˡ
ϵĺȻһţЦͷžԣһ̬
ȫûкֹ˼Ҳ뷨
̸УġҲѱֵ̫ǿˣԣǱȽϺʵġӾԲƽ¾󣬾ڶʱھһܸߵĳ̶ȣɱһɱԵ硣
׺һڵλϣƺҲԾԾԣĿоĻԾԽһѹơ
ʲôҪ˵׺ȴǴµϣ䲻Ҫ˵
˵׺ԾԵηһЩΪһ¾׺֮ǰܶεݣյõĽǣԹڵţôڵŸĿԸߴ߳ϡ
õĽۺ׺Ȼסˡ
ʵϣλеͣҪؾ׺ƶ
׺ڵһѣȾĹڵţٺڿɾˡ
ΪˣҪʱ׺ҲΪί񣬶ֻ˵Ӿйһ黯伮мӵһЩ𹲽˵ĻǶ˵ġ
ڵŵĳڵõ׺Ժüͷ΢壬ǲΥ˼
ԣòҪһ̸УѵõĻᡣˣɾûˣѰҴڸУָָžԡ
Цˡ
ЩˣԼ
أԭɱ㣬ûʲôȤġʵҲʵڲֵҳ֡ڣʱ˿̣ҸıˣĺܷˣһֻӬϴŵЦ⣬˵
ڵգȻһ
ɫҲǺ΢һЩڲԶĻ΢ġ
ۣ
ٴ죬һΣûܷѸٵİȥ΢΢һº󣬱ĵȥеϿɢ
ô£
ʲôˣ
أ͵վɫ䣬ɴ󷢺۾Զһʱ͸֪Ѿˡ
Сôң·һͷŭҰޣĿʬתƵԵϣž˻
Ѿˣ
治Ӧôμ̸еġҲˣȴָֻţǰ˵ģʸ𣿡
̸Уҵģ㣬òҪһ㡣ԵĮ˵
ڵǿߣҲȷѾˡһλϢǵǰǶûԳ֡ûǾȷʵûһָɱ˵ֶΣ̫ˣȫ˷ʤ
깥
ȷʵɱŻϢֻǡҲ𾳽޵ߣӦúǿ󡣸ο֮Ѿܾãôɾɱأ˴ɻ˼ǡ
𲻾֮ǰȥʳǡ˵
˼˵ʳ˺ǿĻϢֱӾɱĻֶΣ²ͨİɣ
һ㣬ҵõϢûĻʳҲʹѡʱܵõǿĻôô̵ʱĻֶεģ
벻ͨ
ǿǣкȻĽš
ŭɶôһ˲䣬ֱӶˡվûȫʧȥǡԾԶ֣ûκεİաðȻ֣ܻܿԿ֮ɱ̫ǿˣûмʱܹȻ֮
ǻǿߣҲÿԼǷܳܵסԵ깥
޷죡ԣֱ޷죡ŭ⡣
ڵŵ׺ʱһ仰˵ˡ
ԣɱҺܱ˿ԣԴ
ˣɱˣҵĴֻǣ̲סǸءԿڶ


2360 ͸
̾ϢһҲΰ
Զ˵仰תĿҲ˷ʱˡƽ֮ìܣóһĻƾʯȷһ㣬Ժлƾʯһ롣ȻԼЩҲذȥػƾʯĿɣ¥ȥС
Եٲ
ֿ׺׺Ȼ𹲽ˣ֮ûʲô̸ˡ֮ڵˡ
׺ԵĻ΢΢һ¡
ѾЩһˡ
̲ס룬ԼʵӦ¾ȥҾ˽̸̸ġȻܶ϶ڵõöࡣ
׺ѾûʲôܹԸˡ
ǻлȺ֣ҲδܶԾ̫˺
СΣȫ¡
һƾʯðأ
ôܴӦ
ãȻ㲻ǾûҪټ˵ȥˡ
ľҸӣﶯ֡һ㡣Ի£վŴȥ
ת˲䣬˳ȥԪϺڤԪϣҲž뿪
˵ţɲ˵ĳ滰ľ֮ˡ
Ϊ˷ֹ뿪Ի̿ϢĻصأֿԺܵ͡
ɫ
ǰҲΪˡЦ˵
˿ûлӦ
λѡһİ˹
˴ΰһˣһ𶼲࣬ҲǷ֮һˣ΢һ㣬ÿ˵ʵǿҲ΢һΡ
Ȼ㣬ֻǻһЩ޷ô̵ʱټϸʵϲǺǿҲûô
λСĿǶˡʲ¡תĿߵλ˵
Сȷʵúܡ
ңҲ̲ˡ
֣˵ôɣǼȻˣȻȫ֧㡣½˵
Свǵ۱ӡС¾ɱʱҲֳۿСȫӳӵһʱȫܵסӵܡ𻺻˵
֣һֻҪӦǿԴȽ⾰깥вһɫ۾˵
˵ҪɱСҲǲܵġֻҪֵܵסӺ깥߸֣СѵǺǣûܵס߸ֹһ緢ŵĵ
ţ˵ĻͳȥСϢһ˵
Ŀת׺˵׺Ҳ뾰СìܣҲӦóһɣ
׺Ļæ˵֣һ˰ɣҲڵðհˣ㾰κ
ڵ׺
׺ʧһСͽųӣȵ
֣Ҳû취ڵţԱȻҲܲ˼ڶӡ۵̣ڵű¾һء֣һɱԣڵžͿܻھеġ׺ҡͷ
ȱ˱ӣ׺ûǱסڵŸΪҪ
Ϊ֮ɣ
ߣС˵ǣҵҪ׳˼Դ뿪
İ֣Ҳ뿪
ڻ˳˴ɽ֮ˣĬĬһۡ
Ҳȥɣɽ֮ЦЦ˵
ߣȥ
һȺˣ뿪˴档
ɽ֣뾰һսôã˫սĽģһɫߣɽ֮˵
˵¾ƽ֮ǰҿ϶Ϊλʧܡڣ˵á¾ĵһʥǣʮħ󶼶ˣĽȻǽȫûɽ֮˵
ˡһߴ˵ָλãԺͻ߸Ѿˡ
¥ԪϺڤԪϣվڽԶţԲ˼뵽ⳡս


2361 ʧ
ԪϺڤԪϵĸʵⳡսҲﲻ̫æ
һһ߸ˣκһʵڤλ¥ԪϡԸǿߣҲֻ÷ķ
һȺˣԶУŶе˫
һξܻܻһôԺڷ֮У¾û˸ҾԵ鷳ˡڣɵ֣ûܹܾԡ⻹Ǿδӡ֮ǰһԵõӡôʵֻǿᡣ
СϷٸһλᡣڣֻҪ㽻黯伮ٹԹǸôȺɱͽ£ȻԲ׷ȥǣһλᡣƵ˵
ʵҲûоԵİգǿ϶ԾԶ˵ֱȥͽԺɱˡ
һ¾£ȷʵ̫ˡ
ʱжλ֣û̫İɱԡ˵ĻûƭԣԸһ̨£ôĲ׷žôȻɱͽܣҲɱ˾Ϊӱ𣬵ҪһǰᣬǲҪԼðա
Ц϶һαٶ˵ЩϻݴƢ𱩼Ϊ̣ɱ֮ӣǰԥԥĪˣ
Ǻˡ
֣ԣһ߿˵
סߡ
֣߸ҪֶԸһԣȷʵǼ䶪顣ǣҲ˲ôˡСó֮ɫ˵
֣˵ôô죬ָӡ˵
ղѾ̸СյĶвֶξǵ۱Ӻ깥ֶΣҲ׼ӦԵİ취Ҳһʱ䡣ԣҪսپ
ã˶ͷ
СٴһžԳ˹ȥ
б׽֣ڵת
һ𣬽ڻ֮Ҳϻ߸˻ΪߵԡڽӽԵĹУ߸˵ķй켣Ҳеںʱ߸˶ԾԱγ˰Χ̬
Щɱ鶼ܷḻǽ԰ΧܱȽЧƾԵٶȡǶ֪յܸߣٶȷǳ졣þٶȷſɻӴΧɱԵѶȡ
ԵȻ߸ҪΧԼں
߸˽ӽһ̶Ⱥ󣬾ԱǶһӳһ貵ĽâȵХɫ۵ϯȥ
ĺãߴһ΢΢һ٣һȡһɫĹαŻ֮Ľâײ˹ȥ
ԶԻ߻ӳһ󣬱ûˣһĿ˻ϡ
Ӱɱ
ԶԻ𷢶˻Ӱɱ
ڸٷ֮еĻ嶸Ȼһ£壬ӰɱӰɱȻֻǵ͵ȻǻȻߵӰɱϮòСֵӰɱĹ
壬𶯺ǽӰɱĹֵ
ڱӰɱʱ򣬻ʵҲܽţȻ£ҲӴǣΪл٣Ի˽ҲǳϸԻĺܶ˽⣬ͨһЩ伮ǴšֱӱҲ
ƾǿ壬סӰɱĹҲ
ʵھ޵˵޶Ƿǳصġ
ٵжϺ󣬾ԼڱԵĻͬʱҲܱ߰˳ɵսжϣɳһ
СĻҲˣһΪжǿʧЦһ
ԵĻֻﵽ̶ȣѹСöˡĻκڤվ޵߿ܶѣͨ𶼵סɲѰܱȡ
ĻԶ˵˶¶Ȼɫ
ΪӰΣҲȷеĲ̽ǿͻȻס²Ǳûˣܰٷְ϶ڻ˵ˣȷȷʵԵĻˡ
λѣ⾰СĻôǿһϢԼһΧɱԵ


2362 ɱ
嶼ȻܹΪɵסԵĻǵסӦҲ
˵䣬ƵλѾ˶ԾԵİΧ߸ˣͬʱʩչԾչߵĻŷſֲžλúɨȥ·ڶ
ˣһҲء
̶ֳȵĹҲԵֵ
ܵס𣿡˵˵
Ǻǣ𹥻¾ʱ¾ʹʮħ󣬵һʥֵ¾޵ʮλսʱʮҡĹҲûɱ𡣡ɽ֮Цһ˵
ţе۱֣ɱȷʵѡڣӦöõ۱˰ɣ۾˵
ڳ𣬶ǷʸˣǼǣӴ۱ĻҲࡣ¾һսۼӵҲɽ֮ȼ
ţӦҪʹǼҹɵ۵ˡ˵ͷ
ܿǾͷԼˣԸûжӡ
߸˵Ĺϯʱ򣬾ʩչϼ黯ȻתС
УȻһĿ⣬ԼǰĻ𡣴ʱʱ׼ţҲΪҪʹˣʱ׼ųǼķֵӵܡ
ԼһҲû뵽Ǵ㹥ԼԳ߸ͬʱ϶½зԣӦʹӽǵĹȵ
岨ԶŻʹ˸ߵȻ岨
һεĻӰɱҪĿľΪԻûΪԼĻ˺
岨ɱȫǶ岨ܱȵġ
岨Ϯʱ򣬻Ǿҵһ¡
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Żڶ岨ͬʱŻŷ˳ȥ
һɫ˲Ϣ͵˻Ľǰ
𱻶岨Ϯ壬ʶЩģܸоΣյٽŭһ֮һƬɫĹ迪
ʱҲݺݵ˾ԵϡȻ黯͹еķ۷ֱӹҪסҲǸġھԵԤ֮УֻҪЩ˲ֱɱԼɡ
ԣɫ۵üͷһ壬ֻβԣĿдãȻ
깥֮ǰһλֱûʧ񣡡ͷһãǰһ깥ֻն
ֱһӣһʹŻȥϸȥɿʹһεķ
ûһϧǣóʱ˵㡣
Żγɵ׹⣬Ѿ˻ĽǰܻɫâӴڶɫ׹ֳǵ׹ֳ
׹ڻܵĹâ㱻˺ѿһӡ
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ۣɫ۵պžԳȥɫĿֲ׹Ѿܻͨɫ˺Ŀ͸˽ȥ
˶ҵĲĿвϵӿѪҺƬ̺󣬻ʹӿ׹ȥ
ٺ١һЦһ˵
󣬵ǼĶУش
⼸û˺󣬶෴ĳȥ
ħӡɱԶһʹ˴ħӡɱ
оܿռͣǿѹѹѸٻӶеķҪƿħӡɱĿռǿ֮ľʩչĴħӡɱɲô򵥾ƿġħӡɱȻ𹥻ǿȴǿռ𼶷Ե֮һ
ͣ
飡ĹھԵϣԻɣʮ㡣
ڵĹк黯ЩҪɱʱ϶ʮʮʱ䣬Ǿȷʵᱻɱ
ǣԲôɵʱ䡣
屻ϻɹУԵĻֶ֮ħӡɱʱնһ
󣬾ʩչҪĿ꣬ȻڴħӡɱҪֵ֮һźɫĿֲ򣬴ʼ׹


2363 ܵ
ڴħӡɱеΪֵ֮Ѿ߾ȫķ᧿ΣĺɫѾûٵֵס
ˣ׷ͼԮȣǵ幥Ⱥ幥ȻʩչҪס𣬿Ҳòֳֵγɵĺɫ
һ𼶷һܱȣħӡɱȾһΡ
𷢳һĲҽУڳ˾Ϳİ屻ɫڻˡ
ûȥȻû˲
ҽϴд
һĻΧԵͷƤ顣
ΪﵽΣڣĺ޵߻ʲôΣܹ̫вǽ췢飬Եʵȴȫֱð
ֻʣ°ڲҽ˼ʱ𽥱Сȫʧ
ǿߵǺǿģͨƺָܻܿ£ǿ߾ֻʣԴƫͬεɱУ˲ָܸʱ䡣ڹ̺ĵܣȫ
Զ˵ɽ֮ˣһ
д˶ԣǴʱ˿̣ʶԵǿ
ԻΧδõ۱ӡĿǰΪֹȫƾʵ
սһʱ䣬ԾȺɱл𡣿˵ڳÿ˶֪ʵǿ󡣷򣬻ҲܰռǸطĻƾʯۺԴ
ڣˣ
𡭡жǿһλ뻨׵
ɵ֮£ܵˣǷ죬ҲҲ֮޵ƥСɽ֮˵
ǰҲֻҵһս֮һλһ
λδ𣿡һͻȻʵ
תĿ˶Էһ۵ȷʵûн
仰ڳ˶ٴκһ
̫ˣ
ЩУڵŵ׺ΪӣͬʱҲԼûиŻһߵڡڵΧԵУҲܸı档пܣѾһնɱˡ
һսУΪȻɱľǻ׺ҲսУǾŹ
ˡڵɫſ׺ɫҲЩ԰ףǱŵġ
Ȼ˷ڴˢˢڸеģҿ˴ֹ
ߣ
ΧԵǣšʵ൱𣬿зƵĺ
ӰתƷٶȷɴܶȥ
ʶǸɱԣ۱ӶûʹãɱеˡٲߣǿȫҪ
ߣԼܣһ
ಣӰһ׷ȥ
ҲǷֿӴܣôħӡɱٴסһλЩʵǿȷʵȫ
ûгԹαظϾɱǱסоܿռѹתžԵ
ԩ޳𣿡
ǰһμ棬ɵһμɱң֮ûгԹȴҪɱңԿЦ
ֻǷ飬ˡ㡭ŹΣȻҲ
ǰ߸ֶûܴԣʱֻʣһ뾰ƴͷֻʣһ㡣
ԻӶеı׽
ɽ֣ңҪɱԼĳԶ˵ɽ֮ȡ
ɽ֮ҡҡͷ̾Ϣһ
Ҳо뷨ǡôȣֵĻҲǾԶֻ֡Ȱ˵Ի뾰ԣûʲô顣һֱȻԾûκε⣬Ҳûﾰʲô
С㲻úһ᲻úģɽ֮ûж֪Լɣԡ
꣡ų⣬˳ʩչһӰɱֵƬ̺ͱĻ
ˣΧԵλǿߣɱˣӴ뿪
ĸߵ𣬾û׷Ϊ׷Ҳ׷ˣĸӳһξ󣬿϶ƿմ뿪ȽϽ޷󣬵ʱ˫ѾԶҲ޷ء


2364 ǵڴ
ؼķ򲨶ƽϢ
һսʱ䲢˵ܶݣȴ൱ļҡˣÿһʵǿ߸뾰ԲɱѰ޵߸޷
ڿУֱһӣת㽫Դ
ʱڵŵ׺ӲͷƤ˹׺ԼɣеĽȴǺȫεġ
ԲŹҲҪڴ䡣ңӶûطӣܲܽڵŲ°ɣﷵڵţڵܹס¾Ľ֣õӡ
𡣡׺ӲͷƤԾԹ˹֡
ʱԽѾȥ޵ǵȥڵżԼҲͲﾰԡ
Կ׺ޱ顣
֮ǰҶеڣѾʶԼĴ뾰һᡣ׺ͷ˵
˵һ׺Ƿǳѵġ
ڵŵڵǷ쳬ǿ׺ʵҲǷǳǿ󣬱֮ɽ֮ҲʲôУ׺й˵ʱ
ԿϸһλᣬڵԸóһĳϿҵǸ׺˵һ䡣
һ䣬˵ڵԸǸ⳥ˡ
Ŵս֮ǰԸóأҲھˡңԻӦ׺һزĻƾʯ
ֻϧ͹˾Եʵһ³
׺Ͼ¥ܲ㡣ڿڵ˵
⻰׺ʱɳһо⻰֪ԼӦǱסˡһǵŵǸ⳥ʧˡ⳥϶ҪѪģ⳥þ⣬˵
л𣡡׺ٴιֶ֣˹˹֣ȥ
ڵŵĳϣȻҲȥ
׺įıӰɽ֮Ҳֻа̾
Ԫϣ͵鷳㰲ػƾʯĿˡԶԸոշɹԪ˵
ãͻȥԱ½عԪϼֱɷ
ɻƾʯͷ϶ǾԵģԾԵԸ¥϶ҲܷһЩô
вٻƵĵӾסЩֹǽĻһֿžת˵
Щ˶뿪أڤ粻ģɱ˰ɡ˵
ǻϳǿˣ֮Ҳˡµĵӣ֮µ޵ߡƾЩˣôܵס¥
ãˡԪϾһ
Ԫ֮Ҫѯһ£ɲΪЩĵӡⲻЩϣڻϡǷǳӴģİȻֻ𣬵ֻǻӴеСֶѡ
Ȼˣܻܿ𽻺õǿԸΪӳͷʱ¥أͿǿߡ˾ȷ̬ȣôһΪӳ֣Կ϶ͻˡ
ԪϺڤԪҲ뿪
뿪һȺҲˡ
ʵ˾
һλ뾰Դк
ǰǷ죬ԳƵһһλ𾳽˵
αչ꣬һؾǿ˾ǿߣ޷󡣡

½ڣ˵ǹάȻǶԾûеģҲûٽԵС
Ȼᣬɵһ;ΪȡУͼ޵ߣˣǰеӰ
λǰˡ΢ǫ˵
Ծ츳𱮵ĿӦúܴ󡣺ǺǣûûзȡЦǡ𱮣ǻ˵ʲôſյ˵
£ɽ֮˶һ
Щ𣬶ԷĹлǺǿҵġһֱûз֣ȷʵһĿڡˣ뽫̰γȴûа취Ϊ𱮾ʮλãҪһܵ𱮵̫̫ˣⲢͨʲôʽʲô취Ŭܴﵽĳɾ͡
ɽ֮еĿžԡ
˵ûԽӡкܴϣ𱮵ģ
˻
ʱһµĲͷ
һǿңڳǶ֪ܿʶģұ̧ͷϿȥڡ


2365 ɫָӡ
һ̹⡣
̹⿴ģƺ˸һ硣̹ٶƺ죬ڳо̹λ÷
ʲôһס˵
𣬶üҡͷ
̹ϣмµϢȻʱ໹ԶְƺûΪռϵңԶܵʲôӰ졣
ãɽ֮ͻȻɫ䡣
ɽǰ㿴ˣ˶ɽ֮
뿪죡ɽ֮
ʱɽ֮ɫǳѿˣһжɻǻδɽ֮¶˼еı顣ǰɽ֮ʲô飬ƺǴݵӡ
ɽ֣ô£һͺܴʵ
ûʱͣ뿪ƬԺԼˡҶɢɽ֮˵
ȻûŪô£ɽ֣֮أǲиһӰ׷׷ɴܶ
̹⣬𽥽ӽ
һʱ
У֮ͻȻһӿķ򣬻۶ƬУһ޴г֡
Ե˿һĻһɫӵѿˡڣѾɽ֮Ϊôˡһ֪ʲôطж̹⣬ԴŹˣȷʵжϳ̹ԴԿ϶һ̹Դͷ϶Ƿڡ
Ҳ˵̹ǴģҿǴңԶĵط
䣡
һ̣̹Ӿ޴д˽
һָӡ˾
ڳǣÿһԲ۾Ϊ̹Ѿ뵽ռ֮ڣҲǵԼڵ֮Уܹȫòϳһɫָӡ
ʲôˣʲô˷Ĺµĵɫָӡ
ţɫָӡٶǶȻӿ졣
žȥһ𿴳ɫָӡĹ켣
СģܿԶľԺ
ʵʱ򣬾ԸͲҪˣѾиָܵӡϵȫǳԼġԸоɫָӡѾԼϢԺԣɫָӡ˭ͷŵĹĿ궼Լ
ɫָӡٶȼ죬ת˲ʹһοռ롣
ÿµԸоɫָӡ̺Ŀֲܡ
һ֮ǰκιҪµöࡣȻɫָӡԼһξ룬ǾѾȫԵ壬ҲԴżΣյͷ
ˣûٳɣֱӾͷų˵۱ӡ
ѾʶƾԼڵ޷ֵסһɫָӡʱųӣǿܾûлˡ
ϣһɫĹھԵܡ
ɫָӡžѹɫָӡѹȣγɵĽɫϣǿٵıѹԭɫֱףգۼͱѹʮס
תĽɫâҲŨ
Կ۱Ҳڳһǿѹ
ԴʱȻӷ֮£ͬоͣת΢Щ
ǵʲô˵Ĺеͺ
ӵķֵ£ɫָӡٶȵҲȻڼԾԽѹȡ
ɽ֮ˣȫ˫üеһĻ
⡭ѵɵ۵Ĺһλڽбŵһ仰˵˳
ʵɫָӡ뵽ڣЩʶ˲²⣬ֻǶû˵
ɵ۵Ĺ
򣬶жʱ䲻ɵ۴ˣЩˣһʱ䶼벻һɵ۴˳ڷʲôʱˡȻҲɵǲδ
һΣȴɵֱ֮ǳңԶĵطԷ췢һιȷе˵ιԷ죬Ծġ
ĳһɵ۴ˣҪɱ
ɵ۴ˣʲôܹͷôֲĹɽ֮һ˵
ӵֵ¾ڡҡҡͷ˵
ӵĽɫϣڲϵѹ˵⼸仰ĹӵĽɫѾѹֱֻʮ׵ˡٶȣʱ䣬ӵĽɫϾҪѹֻǿǾԵˡ
ȻⲢ˵ӵܲǿԾڵȫӳ۱ӵܡӵķȫӳôֵɫָӡӦò̫ѡ
ĿɫָӡҧתͷŵĽɫϸǷΧСԽзҲʩչ


2366 ɵ۵Ĺ
ɫϵֱֻˡ
ͬʱܵѹҲԽԽ󡣿ԿԵѾ˿˿Ѫ
ӵķǾھѾɫָӡĨɱˡҲƶܣϢҲ˵ͱֻܲʵȥֵ
ӵȷʵǿ󣬵վ޷ӵȫӳ¡סˣһλϵҡͷ˵
ɽǰܷĿ⿴ɽ֮ʵ
ȷʵϣܹ
ԾԵʵҪȽھܹˡ޵ߡ
ΪԵĴڻвԼ֮λǴĵײ뿴
ѯʣɽ֮üҡҡͷ
һָӡɵ۶ԾʩչĹƾǵʵ޷סҲ˵һԾЩˣǴʱˡɽ֮ε˵
ɡǾžɱ𣿵һλɵ۴ˣΪҪɱأü˵
ʵܹﾰҲ޷֡λĴɵۼĴڣǰﾰܻܿλɵ۴ŭʱɵ۴˺ͺ˵ˡɽ֮˵
ɫһҲ֪ɽ֮˵ʵ
ɵǰЩʵϰˡһǿǲ𣬵κһλɵǰҲǿ׳һЩϡ
ɵĲ࣬ͬɷ֮ǿվǷˡƿ߹ɵǰ˵ķݶûС
޷ףΪθ߸ϵɵۻԾ֡
λɵ۴ˣ᲻λ¾ĴڣһȻһ͵˵
⡭
кܴĿܣɵ۴ĴΪҪأ
ţ¾λ¾ɵ۴֪£ܻԴ˱
ˣۡǿžܵĽɫѾѹ棬ȻҲﾰԣΪ
ͷŵĽɫϣʱ˾ԵϡɫĹâתγɵ˸ɫâһ
ѾѪ۾Ͷ䶼ʼѪ
ʱľԣ֪ȫɥʧ˼άȫסˡǰκξֻʵһƬ
ȫÿһ缡лʹд
ԴʱܼתֵдʶдʶǾԿѾˡ
ۣԵһЩѺۡ
ѪҺѺвϵӿɫĳۣٻɺںɫΪǿޱȣôԵضѾΪ촷ˡ
ɫָӡûȫƿӵĽɫϡɫָӡϵγɵ𶯣ѾԾɼ˺𶯲ƻ󲿷ֶӵֵǲ͸ھϵԶԾ˺ˡ
飡һ촫֮
ӷųĽɫϣڻˡɫָӡݺݵĵھԵϡԵ壬˲ʧڵϡֽԿԭڵλãһĶڡ
ǱԵҳġ
Եֱ׹ǧ׵Ȳֹͣɫָӡʱʧˡ
ԵʶһƬڰ֮˸ա
ĺһԸоԼ屻Ӳʯ
ҡڵ£תͷ
ɫָӡǶʱ䣬ûм䡣ֻǵãͻȻ֮һɫָӡԼɫָӡǳ£Լ߾ȫӵֵܶܽס
ˣһǱɫָӡ˵£ҾվǻˡԵʶԽԽ
ʵʩ뾰Բ²Ĳ࣬ɫָӡȻǿƥϾǴ֮ңԶ·;Уָӡ̺϶ɢһ֡˷ڣֱӵֵɫָӡӵĽɫϣҲȫĵͷŵĽɫɢɫָӡҲ˱ıԵ
ɫָӡھԵϣԻ˵ǧ֮µĵطΪԵǿȿһЩ𼶷ɫָӡдûܽԵɱ
æȡ˵ҩ̷մھʯָΪ˼ӿȣԻûȪʯ
˿˺ĶڣǷſھܵɫָӡɢˡ


2367 
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վڶڸڴ⾰ǻ
۱ӣΪʧȥԵĲٿأ˵رڳˣȻӡ
ǿӵ񣬶ǳСǵ۱˭õȻ۱ѲٿأֻҪܷٲֵ۱ܣսɴȵˡ
ȻˣȻ˶Ӷк뽫Уʱû˶֡Ϊǻ֪Ծû䡣ԻţǺӵġȡӣҪȳĽҲǽھԵڵǾţǵڵڵ
ԿջĻޣǿȻǷͬѰġ
ɽ֣ԡǷѾ䣿ʵ
ʻˣѾ͸Ӧģ
ɽ֮Ҳ߶̽顣
ûбɱɽ֮˵Ҹо˾Ϣ
˻˶һ
ɵ۹Ȼû
ȷʵǷǳ飬ǻδ˵ɵһ޵ߡ
˼𶯵ʱһӰӶڷɳǾԡ
ϳֵǧٵѷ죬ʱѾѪˡеĻָǳǿ㹻֧֣ò̫ʱͿɻָ
𣡡Էɳ̴к
ԵϣδɺԵѪ˶ܸоԵϢѾȽȶ룬ڿԲΣա
̧Ŀʣ·뿴ǸԼɵۡ
Ȼʲôῴ
λɵڷ֮⣬ǳǳңԶľ룬ƾôܿ
ԻЩģλɵ۲֪᲻ٴζԼԼסһιѾ߾ȫˡʱڶιԾԼˡ
ջĿ⣬Լ򵥻Ӧˣ㽫۱˻ܻҿ۱ڡ
ˣûλɵҪҵתĿʵ
ƺǲµԿܻ⣬ܿ˵ҺλǰѷҲ̸۹ֵɵۣҲȷֻǾãӦǴ¾λɵ۳ֿ󡣾¾λɵһ֪£϶˶ŭֹҪɱҲˡ
ţλ¾ɵ۳ֿȷʵܴ󡣡Ե˵ͷ
һ仰û˵¾ɵ۶ԼֿȷʵСǡɱԼɵδؾһ
ʳǵʱ򣬾ҹɵ۽Ӵһʱ䣬Ҳ֪ҹɵɵáҹɵ۵ֱֿҹɵۺɵڻԪȻһһȺǳµĵˡ
ҹɵۺɵ۵ĵˣ֪ԼĴڣ֪Լɵ۴˻֪Լӵҹɵ۵ӣôҲп˳ɱԼġ
ʱҲ޷ȷʲô˶Լˡ
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λɵ۲׼ٳˡü˵
ӵһγֵڣҲһʱ䣬λɵ۵ڶγֵļδ֡
λɵ۵һγ뷨Ӧ÷ǳңԶ˾֮£һιҲףҪķǳֲҿλɵ۶ʱڲԾ㹥ɽ֮˵
Ҳͷ
ɵȻֲҲһֻɱκˡ
ɽ֮ô˵Ҳ΢ɳһԼӦûʱ䡣
㻹ҪСġλɵɱ㣬ʱܲ㷢ڶι˵һιʱж೤ܼ꣬Ҳֻѡɵ۵޷߹ϴڣɽ֮˵
ţлɽǰѣһСġԵͷҲΪȻ
ˣҹһʱ䣬Կ
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ã׼ʱұǡͷ˵
ˣɽǰλǰҾȸˡԶ˹˹֡
ע£Է뿪

ڻԪ֮ĳطһΡӰӰƺѾڴ˴֮ͣá
Ӱޱȵĸߴ
ʱֻӰᶯ˶
˼е˼һֻССϣȻûǺǣȤΡӰУ
ԿΡӰԴϣнɫĶǡ


2368 
ΡӰϣŹŹֵЦݡ
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žܵĹҲΡӰġƺǣûбһָɱЩ⣬ҲδϣֻǾñȽȤ
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϶һʱɣΡӰߴӷջأ޴΢΢һ£ܵʿռŤʧƬʵĻԪռ䡣
ԻԪռڵΡӰԼ﷢飬Ժ֪ڵ޷ɵ۲Ρ
Իص¥ܲ㿪ʼչˡ
ʵһξԳɵ۵ĹǷǳصģмӳֵӽϣǧٵѺۡЩѺȻڹеά»ȶǲδ׵Ļָ
һָӡĹʧָӡԾɵ˺ȴһԡǹлָɫǾԾûֱɫָӡ֮£ϵҲء
Աֳһûд󰭵ӣôҪǸЩ𿴵ġԲȷЩ֪ԼƷǳغ᲻Լ˼һûʲô󰭵ӣЩ𲻸
¥ܲ˰ʱ䣬ŽɫָӡдȫƵĻָͷǳˣµʱ䣬ͳ׻ָ
ңһαɵ۵Ĺ󣬾ԵʵСȵͶԵ÷棬ǰбȽԵ
ɵۡ΢΢ҡͷ
Կ֮ʱ䲢ӡδáϸ˵ľֻǳ׶Σ۷嶼һء
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ǣڸͿɵ۵Ҫ˵ȥԽһϻ߻һˡ
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ҵҪ򣬻Ӧ÷֮Դϡ֮Դе׹ҫŻѾܹʩչ滹мС
ѶȣҪʩչѶȻҪ߳ܶࡣôҾܹʩչŬ
֮ԴеȺ幥ʽҲһнеȺ幥
֮ǰȥ¾ʱʩչһʽ¾¾ûгԱˡ
ҪʩչԻҪԵиĲա֮⣬Ҫ׼Ӧϡ
֮УڱˣѰ˼š
ʳǵʱҹɵ͸һЩԴʯǣϻ̫һЩͲԴʩչøԴʯԾͱǰ졣ڻԪľڣֻԴʯңҪԴʯѶҲǳǳ
Ϊˣڷڣ¥ŪԴʯ
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Ͼ𾭹ʱҲѾ˴롣
ԣˣϾ𿴵ԣɫϲϲá
šϾôˣʵ
ûʲôˡԣллҡϾžԡ
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ԣڷ죬Ѿˡɽ֮ҪˡңմءϾ˵
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ڷ죬˭֪Ͼ뾰ϵͬһ㡣ЩΪһЩ˼ɲ뾰ֱ¾ԲǣЩ˱ϾáкܶˣͺϾ
𣿡ЦЦ
ԣкܶﶼԴź¥ܲҡЩҿŶۺ죬±ǮϾ
Ǹ¾ǣհײաֻǡæʲôģ㲻ҪӦЦ˵
Ŀ𣿡Ͼ̧ü
գաһ֡
Ҿͷˣһ鷳㡣գҾͲǿˡϾЦ
ʵЩȻؼֵˣϾĵҲ̫ء֮ǰЩϾҲδչ˵Щû⣬ҲЩ˿
֮󣬾뿪¥ܲȥľ
ޱȵĴžԴΧ֮ǰ
˵ˣæԴӹ߳
𣡡ԶԶľͶԾԴк
ˡԹ֡
ԵѣɲҪôڷڣʵӹǵһ֡
ЦЦû˵
ԵѣңǴ˰ɣֵ
ţʱȡӡˡԵͷ
ӡ󣬾ԲʵԴҲкܴʩչȷ棬ӡкǿļӳɡ
ͺϾõĿռ䷽ӡռٶȾͱǰ죬ʩչħӡɱһռ䷨Ҳǰǿ
ãھȥ˵
㳡Զˣܿ㳡
ͺͨĽǰʯһ𱮣һʯϣֱʮ֡
ϣϾֻϷҲ˵Ͼӡ컹û˻ӡҲ˵û֡ȻҲп뾰һ̤֮ûмŽȡӡֿǷǳСġ
ԵѣھͿԽˡָָԾ˵
ãӦһȥ
㳡ϣһֱӿءӵĳԱʵǿϾ޵ߡ
һ˭
λ˶ʶ
ʶӣ
ȻʶȻᣡλˣǾԴˣ
Դˣ𣿡
˻
㳡ϵʿ˽žȥ
˵Դʵֲһ˾¾ң֮ǰɱ˻𣬻кüˡ
ȷʵˡ
ԴڵʵӦڵһɽ֮ǻˣǾԴ˶֡
Դǿ˵᲻
Щʿ඼ɫ
ǰϣʮУûһڷġ

Խ
ڲԳɿռ䣬䷨򲨶綼Ǹġͺǽһ硣ָоԲİǰȥʳǵ򣬾ڵĸоơ
Ȼ粻໥ͨԾûʲôӰ졣ΪΣЩڵı仯ϲ˲ϰ
Դͷʵͨġ
ڲռ䲢󣬾Խ۾ֱӿռλõһĻ
ֻҪܽһĻͿɽ뵽һ㡣
ҪӽмĹĻ֮ţںܶȴǼ򵥵顣ڵĵֹǰнӽĻ֮šҪӽĻ֮ţͱ⿪ռڵĵ롣
Ա۾ĵЩУԵĶСռԡʱԡڰԡԡԡԡԡԡԵȵȡӦȥֱһ顣
Щ֯һҪҳͷ治Ǽ򵥵顣ڣҲҪ޵߽Եͷ޵ߣֻҪܽһԵĵձɽмĹĻ֮š
ϾʱҪǽ⿪ռ룬õӡҲǿռһġ
ʱաеϣ츳ǿԵҲܸߡ
һЩʱ䣬Ա㽫עڵԵϡ
һ㣬ļϱȽϵͣͷ˵ǱȽϼ򵥵ġ
һʱԱҵԵ硣мλõĹĻ֮ȥ
Ļ֮ſƺܽҪߵɲǼʮٲͿԵġ
һξ룬˽ӽʱʱ󣬾վ˹Ļ֮ŵĽǰǰһɽĻ֮Ŵ͵һ㡣
˹Ļ֮ŽǰԻͷһһ㣬΢΢
ǰĸʱͨһ㣬ٶȡӦȽϿİɣ԰ת
Ļ֮ţһ̱ڶ㡣
һ˵޵ߣԽ߲õӡƷԽߡϾǽ뵽˵㡣ϾõӡзӡƷϵȼġ


2369 ӡƷ
㳡ϣȡԼĴѶھԽϢɽ֮ˡ
֮ǰһս󣬾Ծ͵˵Լڲ֮ӡɽ֮ǵʱһԽ֪ͨǡ
Ϣȥã㳡Ͻʹյִ
ʱѾˣλոյִ㳡ǿһֿʵ
Žǰսáֵ
λ־ͽŽҲɽ֮һʱŽΪȽ٣ǲɽ֮
ǰһսŽҲֳ
ĻشŽ˵ͷ
Ž֮ɽ֮Ҳյִ㳡ɽ֮ľԶɽ֮һռ䷨ڼ̵ʱڴĺܿ졣
ɽҲˡŽɽ֮֡
Ž簡ɽ֮ЦЦֿ
ɽǰּ
ۼ㳡ԽԽ࣬ȻҲһЩ֮µ޵˵ԽҲӸո֡
Щ޵ߵĵԭ㳡һЩ޵ߣλٰС͵Դ׻ᡣ
ɽ֣㿴ܻʲôƷӡһλ˵
ڻԪӡǷΪƷܻõӡǵƷӡܻƷӡֻٲˡϾõķӡƷӡܻƷӡǷǳǳټġʷϣƷӡ̫ࡣ
õӡҲƷѡ
ƷƷƷӡÿһƷǵ඼ࡣͬΪƷӡַӡҲܷǳ
õƷӡƷӡУҲȽϿǰķӡ
ʮλõӡȻƷǣҪ𱮣ɲǻƷӡ𱮾ʮλãʷϣƷӡȻԶԶʮƷӡǵǲ𱮵ġ
ʮλõƷӡƷӡ֮俿ǰġңʮλõķӡȻܲͬӡӦòܴ
ԾضǻƷӡɽ֮ûκγɾ˵
ǰƷӡ϶û⣬ܹʲôƷӡҲ˵
ƷӡƷӡĲ࣬ҲԾ޴ݡ
˵ˡŽҡҡͷ
λѣ˵𱮵ĸж󣿡һλĿоһڳ˵
𱮡̫ˣֻ˵һЩϣҾϣҲǺܴϵʮλǶɫ𡣾뼷ǣ²׵¡һһҡҡͷ
Ҫ;ԣ˵ʵ
Ҫ˵ԪЩܳɾɵۣϵ𣬼ʿ϶ġӻԪʷҲ֤һ㡣Ԫɵ۵ϡ٣Щɵۣǹ𱮡
⵱Ȼ˵𱮾ûлΪɵֻۣǡûеϹ𱮵𣬳ɾɵ֮λĿԷǳǳ͡
ɽ֮Ҳûдɵ۵żɴ˿ɼҪΪɵжôѡɽ֮Ȼʼնδɾɵ֮λʵҲԼҪɾɵ֮λϣǳã
ܹ𱮣ɾͲڷˣǻ춼ɽ֮Цһ˵
ǰܵ𱮣ǲ˿죬Ƿ޵ߣҲ̧ͷˡ̾һ˵
Ƿǰܶʱ򶼻õһȡԭ򣬾ڷûϡ
ڳλ𣬶˼ΪȻĵͷ
ڣ
ԽŲƶ
ʱĵڶ㡣һʱԵ롣ڶ㣬ȻԽ롣
ӰӽڶλõĹĻ֮š
ڽĹУҲ֣ԼԵĲҲһ
ڶĽѶȣҪȵһһӡҽٶȣڵһ㶼öࡣĿǰҵڶⲻ󡣡һ߽ڶһ߰ת
ÿһĵѶǴڱ仯еģ޵ԽǽӽĻ֮ţѶȾԽ
ձĶԱȣҪڶ룬׵顣죬󲿷ֵնڶ㡣ܽģֻٲ𡣻в֮޵ߣһ붼ûȫ
һ㡢ڶջõӡ㶼ǵƷӡܽ㣬ɻƷķӡ


2370 ߲
ͨһ㣬һķѵʱԼĸʱҡ
ͨڶ㣬һǺķѽӽʮĸʱڶõʱҪڵһ㣬ʮʱҡ
ʱѾͨڶĹĻ֮Ž뵽ĵ㡣ս뵽ռ䣬Ծ͸оһռӿķ򲨶㷨ĵȼҪȵڶ߳һء
ԿٴԵһ£жĽѶҪȵڶѶȸ߳һ
ȵڶѶȸ߳һڶȵһѶȸ߳һ˿ĲĵѶȺܱܿȵ߳һ
ҡͷĿʼĵ롣ڵ㣬ȻʹԵ
ԵԡʱԵԽӴʱҪ̺ܶࡣΪ֮ԴԵʣԵϵʵҲǷǳģڸߵȼԷϺܲ͡
ŵĻ֮Żƶʱڲ֪š
ߵĻ֮ŽǰʱѾķʮʱʱ䡣
һĻ֮ţĲ㡣
Ĳ޵ߣõӡȻƷϾǰûĲ㣬ϾõӡƷӡ֮㲻Ϸǳáǽ뵽Ĳ㡣ʵĲ߳ԶѾܽӽĲĹĻ֮ţϧվûܽĲĹĻ֮Ž㡣
ܽ㣬ǾͽƷӡ
Ĳ㣬˶ٸʱмĹĻ֮š
ʹԵ룬ԵϵĲ֮󡣡ҲЩ̾
оڣԵϵĽǱʹø߼ȪʯЧʻҪߡͨһĲ󣬾ԸоԼԵƿһء
Խ㡣
һ㣬ҲܻƷӡˡǣõƷӡжεķӡǵԶԶġֻн㣬ܵõƷӡ
һǧʱʱ䣬ԲĹĻ֮šʱ򣬾ʹԵоѾʮֵĳˡ߳Ļ֮ŵһϰٸʱʱ䡣
㡣
һ㣬ǰ㲻һˣԴܵĻ
ǰ㣬ȫһġҲڲռ䷨ȼϣҲǵѶϡĵ㣬ռλѾûйĻ֮š
ľֻ𣿡ü˼
֮ǰ統ȻҲר˽ڲ˽Ϣֻ㣬߲ǵ㡣㣬ҲȷʵλûйĻ֮š
ڵռλãֻһɢ߲ʹâԲ
Ƚɣ֪ܽ֯һһķ
ĽѶȷǳˣκһԵķ򣬵ȼǳߡ̶ֳȵķ֮һóȥڤվ޵ͷۡ
ʱ䣬ҵԷ磬ȻʼһĽ
Բڶ໨ʱ䡣ԵĻԵĽٶȣԾò̫ãԼܽԵյ֮ԴȺ幥ʽʩչ
ֻǣҲҹʱȥԵΪԽ޵߽һжϡ޵߽ȵ͵һٽ㣬ôͻᱻǿеĴͳȥκһ޵ߣֻһνĻᣬһͳȥҲܽˡ
ʱȥʱֻڵǰ߳һ˵죬Ե꣬һصĸӦָӦ߾ԣԼڵûԵĽչͽᱻͳȥ
ָӦ󣬾æҵԵ磬Ե롣ԵϵĻǳοϾСʱͿʼķʹԵ룬Ⱦͺˣһʱ䣬Ծǰ߳һ
ֽȸӦʧ󣬾ԵʹԵн롣ֹȥʱ䣬ٴǰ߳һ
ԺԵķʽռһƶ
ʱһĹȥת۾Աڵռڴһ¡ʱԲ߳Բٷ֮һ·̡Ҳ˵ĽǰһҲҪһһٸµʱܽӴ߲Բ򡣸οѶǲģ˵ǿдͳȥĻռҪʱܻϰ꣡


2371 ǿеĽɫٲ
ԴӾԽʱѾҴҹȥꡣ
㳡ϵ޵߲ûм٣෴ԽԽࡣʱֻ֮ڤվε޵߸˺ͨڤվﾳ޵߶˷ˡ
ССɳԱ㳡ϢȻ㳡Ҳ˳㽻Դ̶̰ʱ䣬㳡ǽչһģӴķС
ԴˣûниԤȾ޵߱ὥɢȥˡ㳡λñȽ⣬ƬûгҲûյصܹջԴĵطڿԽԽ֣վ޸ƼԶˡ
ɽ֮ˣҲһΪӦý뵽㣬ֻǲȷܹ߶ԶڵߵԽԶǻõӡԽǿڷʷϣȻҲһЩ㡣ǱնɱĻ𣬾ǽ޵ߡ
ʷϣֹһЩޣͨڻƷϸߵӡûǿ޵ߣͨ޵߸ơ
ʱľԣѾ˴Լһ·ڵĵطΪ㣬߲ʹΪյ㣬ʱյмλá
һ·̣ʱ߹һ·ȻҪøʱ䡣
Խİ
Գĺһ
߲ʹ򣬾ǰ򣬼ΪƯվǰԿǰ߲ʹҲ߲ʹ򣬸ԵĸоҲκε覴á
߲ʹı棬ֹâתƣֹâμԵ۶ܿâ֮ķֽߡ
⵽ʲôԳš
֮ǰר˽ϢЩϢУ޹߲ʹκҲ˵֪һ߲ʹ޵߷ǳ١пܣǽЩҲδؼ߲ʹ򣬲Һܿǽ߲ʹֻǼٲ֡
ҪȻΪûй߲ʹκμأ
Թ۲һᣬûִ߲ʹΪ֪߲ʹǷΣա˼֮󣬾Էֳһ߲ʹ
⡭Ӵ߲ʹ󣬾ɫһ䣬Ҳ֮һ
Ӵ߲ʹ󣬾ţ뺣ûκεķӦͺϢնһ㡣
Բû׳ѾܾûܹȫԼĶˡֻһҲޱǿġ
߲ʹܹûκβԼ֤ﲻͨĶ
һº󣬾Էųεǰһͷŵʮ
ٴηԷųٴϢʧ߲ʹȻûκεĲͺԴδųһ㡣
⾿Ǻ
ǵ۱Ҳ˰ɣԽ˫ü
һݣҵһ£ȵ߶һΣԲǴ߶Լ߰˳ǿȵ߲ʹ
ӴٴνӴ߲ʹ߲ʹֹâ˱仯ЩâŵƶһŴ߲ʹδŴ󣬵ھԵУֹâԾ˵ٶš˲Ϣ䣬ԾУ·뵽һ硣
һǳĹǿա
Եߣ·ܴʱաǰһ̻ңԶľһ̱˽ٹ˲Ϣ⾰͵˺󷽡ʱԲֱκεطĸдҪС
֪˶ãֻգۼ䣬Ҳ֮á
һɫٲһǿеͼھԵ֮ڡ
ǡʲôԵɴ۾
ɫٲţƮûȴýɫٲޱȵĳأǰκζҪǧ򱶡ڽɫٲϣһЩʵӰӡ޷ƵģǳеҪɫٲЩӰӡڽ߾ȫ֮£ǿ΢һЩ
ǺּԾЩӰһ֡
Щֲǹ̶дڽɫٲϣϵڽɫٲϣԵɫٲǿƮʱЩҲŻζ
ʱ˿̣ԾԼ궼ڲҪٿһЩȻǼΪƣ룬ԺǽɫٲӰּһֿµħžԡ
䣡ʱ򣬾͵һ£һݺػһ¡
Ȼ󣬾ԻָʶĿãȻתתŷԼص㡣ǰ߲ʹȻڡһ󣬾Ի޷ƽԺܿʶԼʵδĽǿ磬һֱ㣬Կ϶Լոռľǻþ


2372 
ǿеĽɫٲԿھԵ֮С
һþȷǿվʵǻԭ򣬱ǾԷԼв˽ɫӡɫӼϸС˵۲鿴鿴ҲԼ߶ܲɫӴڡ
ڷж˽ɫӺ󣬾ҲȻһĵһͷЩİĽɫӡ߶ֽɫѾΪһ壬ɫӳһ֡
Ȼ󣬾Է˽ɫӵ꣬Լڵ֪ϵмԵȾʱ޷ȷԿ϶Էͬһ㡣
˵㣬Ըսʱҵ㽻֯һĸԷ粢ףѰҸԷ磬ѶȾмԵ½
ٴνעǰ߲ʹϣٽֵǿա
Ըմ߶һµ޷ܵĿռ١ûκηأͱɿռסʶ΢Щģ
Ҫͳȥˣʶͷ
ھʶģʱӦУһ˲Ϣۡ
ͬʱ
㳡ϣǰϣһޱȾ޴Ľŷһȥ·Ҫƿ뵽֮ĻԪռһ㡣ɫμΪ嫹㲩ȷ·ǧ֮ࡣ
Žɫϱŷһ¡֮ķ֮·һһڲ
㳡е޵ߣĿⶼǾ׵ĽɫâˣסɴԼ۾𱮵Ϸ
ѵǡһλ૵ǾѾӡ
һγ춯Ѿ֪Ƕǰˡϣÿʱ仹ܳһ춯Ҳһλӡ𱮣ʷϳ춯ĴҲĹ
춯ɲڷһڡ춯ͬʱ죬ÿһڵϣͬľ
һǣһǾӡ𡭡Ҫˣ˵
Ȼܼ
֮ǰȻǶΪһϣܹ𱮣ڽ֮ǰ˭Ҳܿ϶ܵ𱮡ʵϣΪֿҲǺܴʮλ֣Ѿڲ֪ã֪ʱ䲻µȡϵˡ
Ƿ죬ھҲҪüˣЦһ
֪ܹڽϵڼλɽ֮˵
ʮ֣Ҳǰ˳еġһΪһһΪʮȻֻڵʮҲԪĴ¼
ɽǰ˵ûпܽǰɽ֮ʵ
пܰɣϱŷĽ⣬̫ˣ򣬻Եɺϼһ춯һҲµϽ𱮡ǣǴϳֵĽڿĲԶˡɽ֮˵
ȷʵˣŽͷ˵
ţǳ£ղţ̽⣬ɸ͸ȥҼʱջܻ𡣡һλµ˵
Ҳɫһ䡣
ҪǾܵ𱮵һǾġ˫ĿŹ˵


ô£
ʲôǴ򣬷ʲôˣôо򶼲һ¡ķ֮ҲڳУһͼԭչأȴ쳣뿪չصңĿдžɫ˵
ڵȻֻһλ𾪲΢еʵ޵ߣԸ֪𶯡
봨ȽϽѾ𶯵Դͷ㳡ˣɢȥѾ㳡һ
ѵ𱮣޵ߣŴͣĿǲš
ҵøϽȥ
ಡ
һӰ㳡ٶȴȥ
Ǵÿһ򣬶Ƶ顣
𱮳ǣÿһǿ޵ߵꡣΪҵ죬޵𶯵ĸ

죬ǰ
ɫ۵ľԣ֮ǰȷʵ˳
ھԳֺɽ֮˶̿˾ԡǱ㶼ԵĽǰϱŷĽ⣬Ҳʱ򻺻ɢˡ
鿴ܣ̾ͱ۾鿴Լڵı仯


2373 
ڱڴͳһ̣Ըоʲôۡ
ǡ
ӦþҵӡˣԿ֮ڣһڰɫӡĶ
ھԲ鿴ӡʱһµϢȻĳھԵС
˫ӡ
õӡֽ˫ӡ
֪ӡͬʱ֪һЩѶϢЩѶϢȴܹŹ֣΢΢ü
ҵӡƫʲôԵģЩ
ϾõӡڿռԷӡǱȽϵһġһ˵ӡԵһǱȽϺõģΪһԵӡ޵طԵΪڡϾķӡϾռΪ˳ףϾʩչħӡɱĿռܴ
ڻԪϣҲԲӵӡķӡһڵ͵ȷӡС֮޵߽һռ䶼ͨôõķӡнϴĿǲԵġӡԽ϶࣬Чá
ܼ򵥣˵һԵķӡ޵طһôԵķӡ޵ڶԵϵһɣԵúܼߡ
츳羰ԣԵĵĿǰҲСʱպҪġûˣܹ̫ԵɵҲС
ɵ޵ľԵҹɵ޵Ե¾λɵ޵ǺڰԵ
Բ鿴еӡ޷ȷԼӡʲôԡԷ֤ԼķӡԵϣʱ䡢ռ䷨ַ֤ӡʱԵҲϣԷ֤ͬõϵĽ
͡ˣЩջء
ԿˣԼĸ
λǰڡԹ˹ִк
Եѣ˲ˣЦ˵ˣ
ϲ𣡡ɽ֮ص
Ҳ׷׶ԾԱʾء
ܻ֪Ƿʷϣ֮ǰֻλ𱮡һڷֶûˡȻڽˡһɫ۵˵
죡쿴ڽڼЩȲˡ
ЦЦûж˵ֻ֮ǰ
ĿǰȻȷԼӡʲôԣܵ𱮣ǿ϶þԣǰ˲١
ܿģһ˾͵֮ǰ˶Ŀȥһûб仯ǰλ𡣵ڶûб仯Ҳûб仯ĸ
ϵ£Ҳһ۾ɨȻ֣Ե־Ȼûгϡϵʮ֣ǰʮ
üͷɽ֮Ҳü⡣
ô£˿ɽ֮ˡ
ûܽ͡
ԿĽҲЩʧ䣬ΪԼܵ𱮵ģڿûгϵЩǰ
ҵӡǲһЩЦЦ˵
ԣ԰ǿ쿴Ҳûо֡һλͻȻгдźȻ
ӡǺѺѵģκӡܵģһٷְٳϵһλáʱϾȻϵһλãԵֲδ֡
ʲô£
ôܣôܣ
ˣʯˡһЩ۾嶼΢Щǻ£Ҳδ
ʯȻҲ⣿
Եѣ㡭ڣѵûлӡתĿԡ
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2374 ޷
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˵ô̫磬ϾֻǷ˰ֻ˵ΪǰһӰ˿ߣƽ
ȫϸ磬һʲǿ˲õġЩѾɵСӣҲõȫϸĳްӰЦ


2375 Ԫ
һϮɫӰֽȫ
ʱǰԶĽɫٲڻԪ򱻳ΪԪ
Խ㣬߲̽ʹ򣬶󿴵ǿͽɫٲԪ񡣶ԿԪһЩּӰӣǾһһɵ۵֡
ɵۡҹɵĴڣǵֶڻԪϻڻԪϳֹ
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ʲôСһﻹǿ磿ӰƺЩԾ
һϵܣ㻹֪ȫߡ
һ΢ЦһûעҲ֪ҲȫϸڻԪģڷʲôϸ㵱Ȼǵһ֪ġСһ𣬾Ȼܽǿ磬˷˼ǿ磬δз˽ɣ
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ȫһֲĴڣҲɵۡǲѰɵۡڻԪԪռдڵɵۣȫһĴΪ컯ɵۡ

ڷ¥ܲľԣǲ֪ǿλµ컯ɵ۶һҲ֪Լõ˫ӡԪ϶һ޶ġ˵ڣֻһ˫ӡһȡҲûˡ
ӡˣķӡƷķӡҲܻᱻá˫ӡ޷Ƶġ
֮ǰ˻˫ӡ֮ͬ˻˫ӡ
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ⴢ﷨ڣ˵ԴϾġΪ׼һԴʵķ˲ʱ;
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2376 Ҫ
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ˣϾ˵ͬʱֽӹ׺ݹĴ﷨
΢΢һϾ㽫﷨ڵ̽һǺھʯ͸ԴҲ̲סЩݡ
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﷨ڣǳǿڵ׼˰ŴճԴ˵Ͼ½𣬾ЩʸҲм֮Դġ
ԴǺ¡ϾԺҪԴһ֣׺һʣǿδһʱڲÿѼԴˡЦЦ
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2377 ǰ
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֮УԵľΪԼֶҲнϴĽȣԵϵǳԣݣжԼԵϵʩչѾԶ
ΣʱպԵϵͬо޴ĽҲл֮Ŀǰ֮𼶷ⲢŷļޡԴ㣬һǽ֮𼶶ⷨҲҪܹﵽħӡɱܣǴﵽһΡ
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һգеľԻ˫Ŀ
ʱǰˡת
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˵ȻҲͲȰ˵
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˵Ҳ΢΢һʵѾԤϵĽˡҲĹܶϵĵ伮δҵȥ
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ðɣһȥվǵͷӦˣǣͶ


2378 
ǰڣҪһЩ¥潻׵ˡ
һ뿪ضܳʱ䶼޷ط졣
ΪϾ𽫸Լһǰ죬ڷڣԾ˵ҲرȽҪʱԻ˲ٻƾʯأԺ󻹽ƾʯԼ뿪ʱ¥سĻƾʯҪ֧⣬ȫ洢¥֮ܲС
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šϾ˵ͷ
ֻҪ뾰һںԶƶĻԪڣҲԹԡ
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Ԫڵ޵ߣ׷ױ档ܶˣŸۿλÿ


2379 
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ȥ죿ҲûϵӣҾ֮䣬еһЩﶼϤһۣʲôѴһṩ
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ȷʵһЩ˻ᾭ֮䣬ˣһ㶼ġλӣʵǷһ᳤̻Ķӡ̻ᣬڷҲеˣ᳤һ֮ͨ޵ߡӣҲ۷徳޵ߡ˴ǰ죬ǴӴ칺һϴط졣
£ּˡЦŶ¹˹֡
ţһμӣڶʮǰ֮ǰˡЦЦ˵
ǰʱ졣ҲٺһЦĿе
½̸ʱĿ⻹ʱĿϾ𡣲Ͼûκα仯вɵЩʧΪԼе˵ǾɫӶԼֺøеġ
ӣһᵽϣټġһΣϹأЦ˵
ԣϹأˡӹ˹ֵ
ϹأһмƱ۵мƱ۸ھʯһܼǿϷֵھʯ
ԭӦǾԺϾȹƱģµȽӴ˺ӡλ£ܲδԺϾԺϾˣȥҲʲôʵǿ޵ߣӲˡˣ϶ҲǹŵͼƱѡ
ŵͼƱھʯһмƱھʯ¸ΪǺӣҲ


2380 
½һмƱȡ׸ӣȺжʱһƬ̾
𿴴ӷԪݽҪǴ޵һˣЩлṺмƱĿҲͼٷ֮һѡ˵һˣмƱĿֻм˶ѡ
ھ޵˵ͼƱҪһھʯѳܣмƱǸͲ
һž۾ˢˢĿλӡ⺣ӣҲ˵עĿˬóھʯ¡
ӣ֪мƱζʲô𣿡ٴοϾ˳ͼƱɫͬмƱ
һΣϾûпڣȴǺȳһ֡
ԭԲӣһȴһֱƤҴ֪ϾͬȴˣɴҲܿƷвá
Ժȳ֣Ǻһ¡ȷʵûнԷû࿴һۣͽˡˣûԤϵɫߵ޵߻ԼҲӦӣмƱ֮
Сӣ˵ʲôɫžԡ
ҽĮд⣺Ѿ˷Ǻܶʱ䡣
СӣһûãܺãЦдŨѾȵϣٺúСӡ
·;еʱ䡣ݺڷѵС̫ˡ
λҪƱ𣿡žԺϾѯʵ
۵Ĺ£κμǴ޵̬ȶܿȻֻֿǱϵģУĺжЩͼƱ޵ߡ
ǣҪƱԵ˵ͷ
֪ͬεķ۴Ʊʲôʵ
۾̫ĻͬεĴƱȼ۸ͬͼƱһھʯмƱھʯ߼ƱҪʮھʯڷϣвͬƱˣҲż޴Ĳ𡣾ȿ˵Ϸ۱֪ˡ
ˣٴεͷǾŸ߼Ʊɣ
һŸ߼Ʊֵʮھʯһ֣һЩͨδõóԾ˵ǿԸġ
ھ˵ʱ¾Ѿ׼óŴƱˣ׼óĴƱֻǵͼƱԣ˵ҪŸ߼ƱĶʱһ£ɫҲŴ䡣
˵ʲôҪ߼ƱԼˡ
ίʵǣ߼Ʊ̫̫ˡۣһѭ߼Ʊ޵߿Ҳһʮˡʱ򣬾һĻ籤ݣһŸ߼Ʊ
һʼҲûԺϾ߼Ʊˡ
ţǺͬŴͣõƱ󣬲δŽۣվƺȾԺϾˡ
ܣôܡŴƱʮھʯСõóѰ֮Ĵˣδ߼ƱͷݺݵĲһ£ɴ۾žԡ
Ѿȡһ﷨ʮھʯ
ʮھʯԽ﷨ݵǰ
һ۵Ĺ¶һۣٴ¶ЦݡֻһΣǵЦݿʵ˲١óʮھʯ޵ߣȻѰ
ĿˣŸ߼ƱպáȡźɫĴƱݸԡ
лԹ˹֡
󣬾ԺϾǰȥ˾ߵʱλһվԺϾû࿴һۡԺˣʵᣬ˫β̫󡣱˵ӣʵǺӸ֮޵ߣҲûʸھǰ񡣵ȻԲ֪ӵľݣҲ֪
λˡ˭ʶ
ûӣ
Ȼ߼Ʊ̫ˡѵǷλ𣿡
˾ͺˣǷˣڷ;У˵ѣҲλ˰ǡ
ǺǣйЩˣλǿڴ涼ҶˣЩеͼƱˣڷ޷߼ġ

ھԺϾ뿪󣬺λӣҲǻĽ˷֮ڡ
˸սڲнԱ߹ԱԺϾеĺɫƱɫ΢΢һЦݸΪŨ
λӭеۣǶλԱλԱ΢΢乧˵


2381 е޵
۵ڲռ䣬ΪԲΣϷΪСԺϾи߼Ʊ޵߱Ǿס
סҲǹƱĿˣһЩеҪԱҲסƬڻԪռУȻ۱̣ڶˣȻܻͻ¼ͻʱԻռ䣬ҲԷڲвܲڷϰǿ޵ء
ԺϾϵۣʵǻϲʷ۵ķУֻڱҪʱֵ⡣
ϼﱣ۰ȫϻһλܹܡÿһĻԪݣ۵ĴƱԴնᱻ͵λܹбܡ
ԺϾˣԱרͨͼƱмƱյִҲǸ߼Ʊ
ھǰʱ򣬾ҲƬͼƱмƱľסȸ߼Ʊǲ̫̫ࡣ
мƱ򻹺ãٿл΢ǵͼƱ򣬿˿ûУֱԪռࡣ
󣬾סڵͼƱ޵ߣֻܿھʯԴĵûĻУ޵ߵǺܿġ޵߲ʹͰţڵҲ᲻ϵʧ
˿û⣬ͼƱ޵סҲΪ©ǵסֻһƽҵĵطռǳС
߼Ʊȫһˣڸ߼Ʊÿ޵߶жĽסҿУȻŨڲĵ£еܲ޵ߵȻġ
λڵĽڽִλĿĵ֮ǰ͹λʹˡԱԺϾڵĽǰ΢Ц˵
һҲһͨࡣ
ˣȡһЩھʯݸǽԱ
ЩھʯԱʱüЦտٵĽھʯ˹ȥ
λڽ;֮УκҪҡԱˡ
лЦŵл
ȻӣԺϾδֿѡһӽ롣
ϾǿҪҷϴһʱˡԶϾ˵
һһ򣬳ۣΪ֮·̲ͬģҪʱҲӼǧ굽겻ȡ
ⲻ۷ٶȲ죬ʵ·̼ңԶɵǿߣҪһִһҲǶʱ԰쵽ġ
ͱ統λɱԵɵۣܹܶʱڵִ﷨죬ǾͲһָˡ
ͣڷԪݸۿڵۣͣһµʱ
ͣʱҲǹ̶ģÿһ򣬶ڻԪͣһµʱ䡣
ٷУһվǴ졣
λ۵Ŀע⣬Ѿٴǵķۣǧ󣬵ִﴨԪݡкڷ۵ڲһص
Ƿ۵һƬ򣬶ܹʾ
ԺϾҲʼǧʱ䣬ܲܰװ׵˷ѵȻϵԽϲгԴٶҲȻҪȥרŵĳСϣרõĿԲ֮ĳҪʹĳɰķá
ԺϾֻ磬ǾͲҪȥרóھڱԡ

ܹܴˣ
ڸ߼Ʊһڣλ£վǰһϥߡλߣ۵ܹܡ
ڷԪݳ۴Ʊõھʯȫ½һ﷨ȫܹܡ
ţݵ˵Ǵܹܵ˵ͷʵ
ܹܵʻЩԥŲ֪ò˵
ôʲô𣿡ܹԭŵ۾һЩµ
ܹܴˣӷǴ޵У˿Щ⡣ˣΪᣬҲǵһμˡ»
ŶȻרˣʲôĵط𣿡ܹܵ
˺ᣬʵƺҲǺǿӡǣȴԥŸ߼Ʊ˵߼ƱʮھʯһţһЩͨ𣬶򡣶޵ߣͲںʮھʯӡ
һηԪݵǴ޵УֻоԺϾǸ߼Ʊ
Ǻܸе޵ߡעһ˰ɡܹܳ˵һ䡣


2382 Ķ
ʱһš
תۣӾԺϾѾǧꡣһǧʱ˾ʱ䶼СŴھʯͻƾʯģԵľҲڻٶȣƶϣԼܻڵִ֮ǰﵽڵڵٽ㡣
ϾҲѾﵽΪʵͬзǳԵ
ͼƱ
һ죬ͼƱһ޵ߣܣĿзž⡣Ϊ˵һȽӡ
ϱ˵涼ܼѡΪţֻԴ͵ҩʱУǷǳġ
ǲԴҲͰˣǣǻҪڽΪͼƱĿû޵ߴĻУǻʱƽήġʱ䲻ǵǲ⡣ǣ۵ķʱ̫ˣӷִĴ춼ҪǧꡣôʱǶԵήܲˣô޵ڵ;Ҳͺнˡ
ΪήصĻܵ޵߾ֱӵ䡣
ԣṩľ޴޵Ҳҧȥû㹻ھʯǾϵֿۣ϶ûУǾֻԼήУɲΪήͿ㣬ҡ
˵ͼƱ޵ߣƶһЩ޵ߣԼʹõķƵҲֻܹܽȫȡԴȹΪ
ĻУ޵߳۲ϡƷʱһ۸񶼻ᱻѹܵ͡УһֵڵķֻǧھʯǧھʯǶõġ
ȻǷ޵ȱԴ޵ߣͬˡ
۵ķ·ѭģϣһֱȫ޵ߡϷֻۣҪһŴƱκһĻԪ˷ۣôϷ۾ͱٴιƱ
˵᲻޵һֱϲ뿪Ǽǲܴڵġֱۣǳ˲¹ͷĵطɵ˲Żϡ
죬һԷ޵ߵĶĶŪˣ޵߾ͿͨĶ׬һʡ
Ȼ۵޵ߣǵһΣǰûо顣ⲻҪԶĶһ㲻Ϥ޵ߣһʱҲͶˡ
ͼƱһרſٵĶĶ̨죬޵߾Ϳƾһλ޵ߵ϶Ķ̨ϳĶлʤ޵߽жսÿһ޵ߣѺעھʯֻѺԼ޵߻ʤ
֣ĶĶȫˡ
ͼƱĳڤվ޵߾ۼһվмλõˣֽһǱƾٳμӶĶѡһڷҲеСʵǳǿϾ޵ߡ֮ܽһֱϲΡ
λһܵļ˹˹֡
ҲҴƱʤԵĶ֣Ƕǿߡңڴ֮ǰѾĶĶѡǣһ߾ȫֻϣһ˶Ķλܲҡһ˵
죬УǿԪǿ֮һĿռ䷶ΧҪȷһڵ֮޵ҲǷܱȡڻԪҲܹѹ졣⣬κһڶǰûơ
֣ҲҪѹİˣҲԲὫƵϡһɫ߿˵
ˣҲŵͷ
ţһᾡġұˣҲѺעһĶܹӮӾͺùˡһȭͷص˵
Ķˣǽȥһ󡣲ķ޵ߣҲԾȵ档ⳡĶȻÿһ޵߶Ѻעа˳ɵ޵߶ѺעѺעϾڷ޵˵ǵóУҲֻһβĶĻᡣĿĵǺ޵ߣڷϵʱӦò꣬ĶǧžٰһΣЩ˾ͲеڶβĶĻᡣ
֣ȥĶ̨ɣһ˵
ߣǹȥ
⼸۷Ϊ޵ߣǰĶ̨
ʱڶĶ̨Ѿۼ˴޵ߡһڵͼƱ޵ߣȫˡûѺע޵ߣҲ֡˷޵֮⣬޵Ҳǧˡ޵вٶǰ˷ۣҪһЩ


2383 
붫޵֮⣬Ҳв޵߾ۼڶĶ̨
ĶսǶ뷨޵֮顣޵ߣ޷ԶսѺעģ˽ѺעСз棬кׯ֣ҿƵüϸһкׯ֣ǿׯ˽ᱻֱӴ
ׯ벻ּǲܵ飬ׯ϶Ҫ޵Ҫ޵ѺעǾͺѲٱзԺׯͣٱׯ޵߿Եõ߶Ľһõݱлᱣٱ˵˽
ΪˣԶսĺׯڡ޵ҪѺעֻͨйٷСѺעҪֻ޵ߡһζս˫Ƕͷ죬Ǿֻ޵߿ѺעֻѺԼʤ
޵ȻѺעͬд޵Ķ̨ϣ䵥֮ȴǳѣάӯѣҪ˵ȥΪˡ
ˣǧһεĶĶͱʮһʢ¡
һˡ
ϴ˺ã

ڶ޵ߣһϵ˵׷׼к
λѾõˡһҲЩ޵ߵͷӦ
ǷˣвУĥĥģҪȵʲôʱܿʼսһƬһ޵߸к
ˣǶһ۷޵ߣʱһͷӡ
Ƿ붫սӣһսǧŻһΡǶ죬ʲô޵Ҳ˵
ǺǣһսһҲսôʱ䣬ܸıʲôɣǲӦսֱˣһ޵߼˵
򵽵սսǿɶȰˣʼǿɾҹ´˳ˡ޵Ҳ塣
λѣǳˡڣұȥ붫˶սһսһ߾ȫһܷ޵˵
һˣˣ
һѣҿǽȫھʯѺˡˣǽҿɾҪˡһ޵ЦЦ˵˵ҲΪ˵ա
ҲĽȫھʯֻѺ˳ȥһսһʧܣǽҲֻܵͼ۱һЩάϵ档
ţҶһҲЦЦصͷ
һ߳Ⱥ϶Ķ̨
Ķ̨ǾרƳģĶ̨мֲת֮޵߶ѽĶ̨ݻ١󷨷Ķ̨ϷսҲֻҪܹɢ
һ϶Ķ̨һ߶޵ȺУҲһɫ޵߳ɫ۵Ķ޵ߣòΪᣬϴŵ΢ЦͶһּŵĸо
Ȼϳ
߳ȺоһƬ
գ۷޵ߡ۵ͼƱ򣬼޵߶ʶյ޵ߡ
ΪգѾμӶĶΣζԶľԻ˶Էյ޵ߣڤվʵǳǿһ뷨Զģմγս
ճ޵ɫ΢΢һ޵ȻŵǴһǧ꣬ûۿ޵նս龰ڵͼƱ򣬾̸۶աΪգö޵ǧʱһӶùúܡ
޵ѺעѾӮΣѺע޵߶Ӯ˴ھʯ
յѣݺݽѵǷķյ϶Ķ̨󣬶޵߲غ
СǣϽԼĴ﷨Щɣ
޵ߣһǶʮģջܷһ̫ѵ顣
ڶĶ̨վŶһ죬գ
죬һһҲԼ֡
ţ׼֮Ķսʼɣ΢Ц۾𣬵˵
ͽ̣һ֣ޱ˵
ʱ򣬶Ķ̨ıԵһλĶ̨ڡһΣǶĶ̨γɵĸϡڶĶ̨϶սټңҲԶĶ̨ܵ޵ʲôӰ졣Ķ̨ϵᴩ͸ϡ
һձ㽻ˣ˶ȡԼķʩչԷһʱ䣬Ķ̨϶ֹâӿ


2384 صĻ
ȻĶ̨˼սγɵᴩɢĶ̨⣬ڶĶ̨ܵ޵ܺ۾Ŀսļҳ̶ȡ
󣬶Ķ̨ϵ˳ֳƾе̬ơ
޵߿ʼüھУʵһֱƫԶ޷붫ȡڴսգҲǶڤվ޵еٮٮߣһʵֱ׷֮ˡҪȻҲڶĶ̨ǿߡ
ļһʲô
ǽһ
ԣǽһһʵǿȻյѴѷѽ⡣
ֻʱģʤĿ϶յѡ޵УǶ춼ҲᲢ۵ģֵܻ˾͸ˡ
˵Ҳǣܳʲôǿߡ
ˣ̸гԷĲмʵǶˣ޵ߣҲΪһܹա֮޵໥ȶԱȵľʵ죬ͷˣϣûз֡
Ҳԭ򣬵˲Żôڴܹ𱮡ϧԵδϡȻ˶ʵǿֱѹ֮޵ߣ˿ɲ֪ʲôˡ
֣
֣һҪܶա
޵ߣΪһľǣҲܽš

һʵϵһ£վ΢Ц˵
ţȷʵܲܽӽΪˡһ˴뿪죬ҲΪϾûз򣬲ŵԵɣһλµͷ˵λ£Ǹ֮ǰ۴Ʊ¡
֪һܻܲաһ۵Ĺ½ӿ˵
ϣȻʱ˫սţտδȫ³˵
ţȷʵһЩʵǰĶյֶξͼࡣ֣δܽȫֶζƳ
ĵ̣졣޵ߣʵȻҲǿһЩµ˵ͷ
Ķ̨ϵɱڼ֮С
࡭ýⳡĶˡҶֵܣȼˡ΢΢һЦĮ˵
ʱһɫ΢΢Щ졣յһսĿǰδԵ·磬ѾúܳŵĶսУһֱάȫ߶״̬գȴȻǳɡ
һԼɣնһ
ֵĻҲסһնӡ
ʵԶԶҵĶ֡𿴸ղŶսûԿΪֻ档㲻䣬ҿɾͲˡʱĶ̨ϡջ˵дż
ⷬһҲŭء
ʲôֶΣʹǡұܣҲ޻˵Ҫ䣬ȴһеķһ£Ӳ
ǺǣȻ͹ֲĺˡЦһɱ⸡˵ȫ֣һжס
еķϣ뵳âŨ
һҲоԼܵѹǿҧȫάת
յһȣӰ΢΢һеķŷһҫĿĹԣһϯȥ
һҫĿĹԣ·Ҫһɵ
һǿסյһ
סǺǣҿֱܻӱջɱɣµˣ۾ŶĶ̨
ǣһܵסյһһӦǿɱˡǰĶУնûʹķ
޵ǣҲסŶĶ̨Ǵʩչķ·пԿһеǿһйм֮ǿֵ߳ζˡ
һͷһеͺһ
Ķ̨޵߸ܲһ̺ľܣڶĶ̨ϵһԴȴʮ֪£ȷʵ޷סһܣ㲻ҲñشҲ˵ذɡǣʧܡʧܣʧھʯѺעķ޵ʧء
˲ôˣһ͵ķݡ
һ£һεӿ̼Ϯ˶յϡ
깥
һһصĻޣѾ˻
յ屻ʶʱЩãȻոʩչķʱж룬ӶܴȽ͡


2385 ת
յĹȷʵΪֲһǵסһ屻Ĺɱ֮Ƚ͡£һҪסյĹΪˡ
һҲɱս֣ڷڵʱǱȽðߣһЩյɱޡնսʱʩչʱҲǳá
޵ĹȷʵֲܿҪӳЧѡʱͺҪʵǿǿ޵߽ս͸Ҫעʱ
ƣһдһȣǰйǿķ͵ǰ
һǻյĹ˳չ
һλԲܴеڶλᣬᵼķʧܣ֮ǡ
һ⣬ڶĶ̨ϴӽյ塣
ô£񣺡һȻסյһ
סյĹܽзһҲơ
ΪĶ̨иֻ۾˫սеĸӦԴʱֻЩԣʲôط⣬ǻŪס
⡭ǿ쿴ôûκηӦָ֣ŶĶ̨ϵ˵
Լϯǰĵ⣬ƺûеֵĶȻ滹άתԲܵסһĹ
йŹ֣йŹ֣£ɴ۾ⲻ˼һĻ
ֵ֣޵У˴
һˣյķӦۿţƺҪһʩչĹֱӻˡǱУտܾ׶༪ˡ
ж޵Ҳ϶Ķ̨Ķ̨ϵĸ󣬾ѰƲ˵ڳЩ޵ߺͨڤվ޵ˡ
ˣһɫȭͷڲһĶһܻգǿɾܴ׬һˣټǧʱڣӶȽϺù
һĵִǰʱ˹ȻʹʶѾָоϯɱæƴ߶ҪųʹѾɵĲˡ
ǣĶһķոմ߶ǵǶ˽âݺݵĴ͸յ΢΢ζһ£зһƺߣȫǿٵɢ
ʱһɳһһսľһֱգȷʵǳѲûлɱﵣͲյĶ֡
ʵϾлֶΣܹҲҪһȻҲ֮ѾǳӽΣҲǳǿ˵һսУһֻһλĻᡣλ᲻ܻգôնɱĿԾͺܴ
Ķ̨ϣյζһ£ĵȥ
գˣ
ȻһҲһҪɱգĶսҳ̶ȣĹͲܱءʵıǿԱһ㡣ʵȲգ£ȻҪȫԸ
ȻˣĶ̨ϵɱҲ⡣ֻҪ˶Ķ̨ʹѾ׼˱ԷɱȻÿһĶˣڶĶ̨ĸҲﵽĳɵӡ
ĶĶУ˫Ĺһ㶼أΪһսʤܹϵ̫شˡԵ˵ʴȣǾǶԼĲ̣ǶԼ޵ߵĲ̡
ʤˣһʤˣ
Ҿ֪Ҿ֪һԵġ
̫ˣһζսҿѺǧھʯںˣںˣ
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ЩûѺע޵ߣԵЩڣһ۵ı顣ûнѺעһǶһûģϵھʯȻԴвٿ֧Žϳʱ䣬żѺעĶȻ޵߶Ѻעˡ
Ķ̨ϵ󷨣ֹͣתһҲնĶ̨ڶ෨޵ߵĳޡ
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2386 Ϸվ
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2387 ú
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ϣᱣǣӦģڶ޵ҲҪΪ˸һЩԴԴͨĶ̨ʤӮȡĶעԴеɡ
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ɱ㣿Сֱ֣ɱ㣬ǱˣЦһָСšǣȺúõˣ


2388 
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ǣڻԪռ֮ϣǹƱķãǺò׻²Ŵճġ
У޵ⳡĶеѺעҲ˸һöھʯǵĶעȫڶ졣仰Ƕµ˵ġ
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ʵҪ޵ÿ˶һھʯҲ˼Ǻ֡ȣһھʯ̫࣬Щ޵취ӦûóġҪĿ̫࣬޵߸òôھʯٸߵҲûκ塣
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2389 λ
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2390 
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2391 
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ˣǶ֤һûκĳɷ֡⼸۷޵߷׷׳ԡ
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һĻԵͷ˵ʲôݣ۸ҷ޵ߣҶӲ£Ƿܺһֻعġ
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ţǸоһڻҲǱȽġ겨ǳأһضƵʽġ겨ʳǵ򶼲һ޶ҰЩ˽Ǹ鷳һ̸̸Ի˵
һˣ͸Ӧһ겨Կɲһˡ

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λˣԸæ֣оˡ
ھԺϾ뿪⼸۷ε޵ߣĽ
λѣȲҪ˵̫硣һҡͷ˵λˣδؾ֪ǿƣҲʶˡδؾͻλӡ𲻸ӣ˵ˣҲ֪λ˻᲻ֵ֡ĻλҲĶ֡
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һ˵ûλˣȻ˸߼Ʊ򣬵Ͳ֮ǿߡڵʱҲһЩǿߣЩ֮ǿߣͶҪһЩҲòòģûеġ
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ԣǷͬϢǲôżͼԼķ
Ϣܿͨһ֮ڣڶ෨޵ߵĶСֻǣϢδڶ޵ȫף˿¶Ϊܹǽ޴鷳


2392 
޵ڸ߼ƱϢڵͼƱ򴫿
߼ƱѾ֤ͬһˡ
ԣ뷨ֱӳͻĶ޵ߣеļʵǿߵģҲܿ;ۼһԴ˽ۡ
ȷ߼ķ޵߻𣿡һ򐿵޵߳ʵ
Ѿȷ߼Ʊ޵һһŮ˵Ͷӣȷ̬Ҫִ¡һ˵
Ǻǣǽˮ˰ɣ飬Ҳ֣Цһ
ǣ˵Ҳɥҷۡ˸͡
£ǲҪͨ˱ϾǸ߼ƱģҲСɫü˵
ţȷʵҪ˵һǲùˣһᴫѶˣ򐿵ͷ
һʱ򐿱㴫Ѷ߼Ʊ𣬶ֻǡšһġ
ϢҲ΢Щ⣬֮ǰҲ֪޵ڸ߼Ʊ򡣵õϢһڸ߼ƱĽԱѯ˹ھԺϾ˵Ϣ
ԱҲȥ֮̽Żصǰظ
Ҳ֪˵ݣӶ֪ü
ȷʵ֪λݣֱӹ߼ƱġԱҡͷ
һǴģʮھʯ
Եģ¶ǹƱȽˣȥԱֵ
ˣȥɣ˰֡
Ա˺󣬲뿪ȴǡһڣΪæ˰죬ȴûõκεĺôһھʯСѶûСǿŵúܡ
ڷڣ۾΢΢ţڴӽԱеõ˲Ϣûκεļɵ෴ĸΪ˷ΪԱ˵ú߼Ʊķ޵߶ᡣҲ˵ʵӦò̫ǿ󡣸Ҫǣ˹߼Ʊüͷգһ£˵˷ǳĸУʮھʯ˵㲻ʲôǵϣھʯˣϵĸֱҲ϶ܶࡣ
ʶٷһʲơ
ЩȲˣԼʱ㵽
ʵҲþڷڿݷͬѰҪȻôĲƸǣܶԷʲôݱںֲȥڷ챳ͨ죬Ѳɣ˻ɱԼ鷳
ܹһ仰ͲںԺϾڷʲôݱľνϵĲƸ˲¼˵һûᡣΪʲôҲûʲôȥ˵ĲƸв׵ȴҲ޵ߵΪ̫֣Ʊػ档
ʱ䣬ܿ͹졣
һգĶ̨ĸֱü
޵߶ˣ޵Ҳˣ֮⣬޵ͬ󲿷ֶ˶Ķ̨ξۼ޵ߣɲǵͼƱ޵ߣмƱ߼Ʊ޵ߣ˹
мƱķ޵ߺӣ֮һ
λڵǴʱ򣬻뾰ԡϾһЩĦۼԡϾ߼ƱʵˡΣҲ˵ڵͼƱ飬֪߼Ʊ޵Ҫ¡˵Ϣʱ򣬾뵽˾ԺϾΪ˴ڷ۵޵Уƺֻλ˸߼Ʊ
޵ймƱ޵ߣôٸ˵ӣд󲿷ֶڽ˵ͼƱĶĶ̨
λͬǶԴô˵ʵ
Ҷˣλֽ𣬴ǶһλϹ״ӡǺǣӦ˰ɣ˵
̫ݣ۸ǷˣҲ˺Ƿŭȷʵв˶ԼнǿĹУԼ޵߱۸ܷŭ
۸ҲʲôǵǳͷֻĽҲ·һҡͷ
ǰǸʲôͷڵʵλڡ㲻Ժ󱻱Ҳʵʸ档һε˵
˵λ߼ƱĴ˭˭һ᲻ᡭλ۷ǿߣ
۷壿ˣҲڸЦһ˵


2393 
ΧһȺˣ˵ĺ
֣γԣü
Ⱥڵ֮ǰ໥֮䶼ʶϣǶмƱֶԷ죬໥ż߶ͺˡˣҲȽӡϾĸһλ֮ǿߣһѳһеȹģ̻ᡣ
Ϊλ߼Ʊˣ֮ǰнӴҵǴʱλһŶӵġ۾΢лȺ
ҿԿ϶˵λԲ۷徳硣Ǻǣ֮ͨҲδǡ˵һ䡣
ΪΣѵܿλ˵ľΪɻ
ҵȻλû涯תˣλǾҵ˼ˡˡ
ò˵̫ãλҲˡǲ˵ҪΪ޵߳ͷλ¶棬Ҳ֤Լ˵ʵ㹻ǿʵͷڹꣿ
޵ߣҲ̸£²»ηչ޵ܲǰھʯĶ⳥һܷ
ϵʵ̫ˡ鷢з޵עĿҲǺ顣
УһϮɫ۵ˡ
һӽĶ̨ܵĴ޵߷׷·޵ڿʶĵͷӡ
ˣ
ˣ
޵ߣ׷׼
ţ˵ͷȺûģ
ĻѾ˲֤޵û϶ҲӲ޵ֺõĻش
ãܷŹһҵҪ˭Ļһзķܣ̸ңһ˽Ե׵˵
һһͼƱķ޵߷ŭмƱķ޵ߣһҲٵü衣пʼڣ֪͸ʵʵռƱˣʲô֣ȡ
ʼɣģŶӣһÿһھʯ㡣̤϶Ķ̨תĿ޵߾ۼ򣬴Ļֺȵ
λôû
֣˵λǲǲˣ
ǻǿʼϽھʯɣȽǰ£Ӧȥ˵
һ˲ԺϾӰûסʵԺϾˣͬҲûʲô
ˣˣһĿ⣬һֱרͨ
Ȼ۾һ˾ԺϾ˴ͨ˳
λˣûʳԣˡ
һĵܷ޵ߣȫתĿ˹ȥʵһҲһһһֱͨһԺϾʱЩҲˡ
޵ߵ궯۾һתҲ˹ȥ
һ
𣿡һȻǼᰡ
ӽԱ֪ԺϾᣬۼˣȴǾñĻᡣϾʱ۾΢΢ЩֱĿ⡣
ǶˣڶݵλһڣֻҪܿϵŮˣ̫ӵõǼϾǲԽһ¡
죬˾ɫڶ죬ƺҲŮȵŮ޵ߡ˫ֹ֣š
ˣȾ߹Ⱥٴηֿ˽룬һ˷׷׼
޵߼һ˵̬ҲȷһһŮǷڸ߼Ʊλˡ幧ˡ
λҶһϣѾԶ򣬾Ͳôˡ԰ڰ֣Цº͵˵
֣λǣмƱһȺˣ˿žԺϾԺ
ţǣͷ
λ֪֮ǰΪô˵˰ɣЦһ
ǡ֮𣿡
ֻλﲻǷˣ᳹׼ŭ÷޵ǴøѰ
߼ƱƺҲѰҲĴҡ
ϵһЩ£Ҳ˶Ķ̨һᷢʲô飬ƺҲûءǣ˫ɣ
ܹܴ˺ͻϴˣѴ𣿡Ѱ˼š
ֻϣλԷĹʵ̫Ǳһɱҡҡͷ


2394 һָâ
ԺϾѽӽĶ̨
ע⵽վڶĶ̨Űɫ۵ʱһµ̬ȻǵһμˣҲѲ³Ƕ
¾𣿡۾΢У𣬵ʵ
ûϷСӣǺˣžԡ
һǷ޵ߡָָһˡ
˵ʵǿҷ޵ߡҹ֤¡
еϣӦÿǧʱһĶǰҷ붫һĶһĶУ޵һ˴޵աչأöĶʤ
ǣҵõϢƺʵ˵ٲ졣
ھ˵ʱЦ
СӣҶġ˵ĻǰѾ˵ڣÿһ޵ߣҪһھʯòھʯˣԸһְĵ
ô˵ǲ뽲ˡҲЦһ
Ц
ɣСӣ˵Ҳǹ˸߼Ʊģô뷨˿ЦƾЩķʸϷ򽲵𣿡Ŀ˸׹⡣
һ˶ɫء
ڵλƺ̫λӡλ˶ǹ˸߼ƱѾλ˶˰ɣ
ΪҪʸ㽲ԵҲԽԽˡ
СӺò֪ȤϷȴġĪǾһλݣϷͲɱ㲻ɣݵĿⶢžԡ
Ϊڷݲһ㣬ԲδֱӾͳֻɱԡһֱҲ̫ɱ˾ԡˣܲͷϡ
΢΢һϾ
ŮޣСǵ°ɣ
㽫Ů̷ʱ䣬ЩķͲˡһСҲԸšƤӶ˶
ϾĻĿнɷϾͲСԸ˿ԣžԽķӦ
ҿϢ΢΢һ
ţ
仰˵ɫһ䣬һ¡ղžԻһֱҪ̬ⶸȻ֮ȴǿӲһûܷӦ
һ£ڳ޵ߣÿһ˶Щ
һˣȻĿžԡ
ˣ𣬳׵ıˡҪԸпľ档޵жڴġ
ϵĹ£Ҳ۾ԡ
ˡƾ仰϶Źλˡ¿Цҡҡͷ
СӣϷȫ㡣عŭȻתҪֹԡ
ס֣Ķ̨ûпۣǿɾ鷳ˡæʹͽȲҪ֡
ǣѾŭûµĺƣžѹ˹ȥҪԵɱ
Ҳһȡ
ֻӰ΢΢һͷתħӡɱǽ
ÿռһɷ˼٣嶼Զƺͣ
ô£˭תĿܣʶΪеǿ߶Լˡ
֣һ㡣
ûַ׽ָֻųһ֮Ľâһɼϸνâűħӡɱʱɱȥ
ڵʵжǿ
˵ֻھ磬۷壬ҲԵסԵĹĻǿ۷е۷ǿߣھԵСһ۷壬ǺѵסԵһ
ۣһϸĹΣգۼ͵Ľǰ
ֱʱʶ²ϸνɱܵĿֲܣȻףԵ޵ߣʵǿסܵѹӦҲеĻϰжԼ֣Ӧþʩչķ
ʶʵǿޱȣæԵֵһȴֲĹνâ
ϵıﻹǺܶģ챾ǷǳǿʢʦΪϵ֮һԸΪɵŪһЩ𼶷


2395 
ϧǣǶ𼶷ҲȲ
۵ķϣֱӾͱһָâȻûʹ𼶷׽һָâ̺ɱȻȿֲΪһɱҲ˳߶˹е뵽âС
һܶǿ
𷢳һҽС
һָâԴԴֱӾˡ֮µ壬ȥ
Ķ̨ܣѻȸ
һĻǾûģǸͲ᲻Ƿ޵߶֣ȥᱻɱ
⡭һȷ޵ߣҴϢĿһĻ
ǶԾԣʵûжġھϼеϣʵĴϣܸλһӷŷ޵һ˶ѡ
ʵҲ
ڿʼʱܿһ㣬ǾҲһҪɱ𲢲뽲ϾþɱġıȴôࡣԣҲûȥ졣𱳺ʲô˻Ҫ׷ɱҲǲ塣
𵱳߸۷ǿΧԣնʧܵĽ֡

渻У鿴﷨󣬾ЦЦ
λȻֻھΪϵԴʵ٣ھʯֻһǧڡ
ʱЩ޵ߣһʵˡ
֮ǰǽſ񣬲޵߷ȴһ仰˵𶼱ɱˣǴʱվǲԼˡ
֡
λˣɱ˵ҪֲһмƱķ޵ߣ˿˵
ӣȫ޷Ƶĺӿ
뵽ǴʱԼ̬ȣһ¡˿µǿߣҪɱǻһͷ顣ЩԼĺ
Ժ黹ǵ͵һáа
벻ϣǷǿǰڡǰ뿪֮ǰûٸҶǷ޵ˡһЩ˵
λе㲻ȸˡܵ˹˹֣ĵ뿪ˡ
ĺ¡
ȻǴλûԼ鷳ǲ棬һλ鲻ã˵˳ְɱˡ

ܹȻʱڸ߼Ʊ򣬵Լסһλϵסϣλʵǿ𻤷ϣһϣҲ
̸۵ģǹ顣Ȼ⼸죬ҲµĹ¿жбȽ϶˽⣬֪λ˸߼Ʊ޵Ҫ¡
Ȼ£ҲִһĶ̫ںеӰҲж󣬿ִˣܹҲܵǣλҪҪԼһ
ȻʵҲϲΪˣͣȫΪݱ
ܹܣҵһǽһ¡һλϳ˵Ū̫ˣҲһֱ˵
ţҲΪܹó˵仰˵칺߼Ʊ޵߶ᣬȻѰˣϣҲý͡ȻھбȽСҲӷ⡣һλҲ˵
ţȥɣ߼Ʊ޵߶֣Ҿֹһ¡ܹȻ˵ͷ
λϣҾȸˡȻվ׼뿪ǰͼƱĶĶ̨
ܹ㡣ϵͷ
Ȼδ߳ʱһӰ洳˽
Ƿϵһ£ֻɫţϢҡ
Ȼܹܺλϼɫü
ܹܡܹܴˣ
ˣˣˣҲ˲ʲôˡ
ʲôˣ˵һ㡣Ȼ˫üЩõĺȵ
λҲһۡ
㲻Ҫż˵ǲǣĶ̨Ǳ߳ˣ߼Ʊķ޵ߣˣ𣬲潫ɱ˰ɣһλʵ
ˣǽǾ͸ôƺˣȾ͵취˵ݣ䱳󵽵վʲô˻ʲô
ǹ¿˿ϣ˵ǣλ޵ˣˣ˱ɱˣ
ԺУȻ뵽𱻻ɱĳֶһ¡ãܹܺλϴˣʵԶûǸ޵߿ֲ


2396 ºôĿ
ܹȻλϣʶΪǷ߼Ʊ޵߱ɱԣ˵ɱϵıʱüΪʡ
˵ʲôܹȻ龪ĺʡ
ܹܴˣѾɱˣڵͼƱĶ̨Ŀ֮¡ºһ˵
ôܣȻȻվ
λϣ˵ھΪϱڶࡣ޵߼֮Ҳɱǡ
ܹ˵еλϵͷ
λˣǱ޵һɱġ̲ס˵
λ޵ǰֱֵһᣬֵûУλ޵ֻǶһָһâ״Ĺα㽫Դˡ
ţһС롭ɱܹȻԴе㲻ˡ
ܹܣǹȥɣһɫص
ɱǴ¼
𱳺λǿڣ϶ưոݡ£ѾһܹˣǱ뾡ϵ߲ܲܲԱ׼ӦԽܷı仯
еǲη嶫λϵ𣬵λҲСǲԷһֻ»Ӱ쵽Ժڶ⡣
ţȥĶ̨ܹȻͷ
ܹܣһȥλϵ
޵ɱ𣬿²ô׶ԸܹһˣֻӦ
Ȼλϣ̱˷ᣬŵͼƱĶ̨ȥ
ͼƱĶ̨
Ǽλ£ɣԶµ֡
ϵĹ£Ǽˣֻ˫ŷ·ǧ֮ءǵ飬λɱĿֲѾҪǹȥǲܵû
´ͷ̵˹ȥ
⼸۹µı飬¶΢Ц
̸һ̸Ķ顣
֪ڷ붫ĶĶʼ֮ǰкܶ޵߶ѺעˡһĶǷһʤҲ˵Ѻע޵߶ӦûӦĶעλ£˵ûɣЦݺ㡣
λˣȷʵˡ¹ĻӦ˵
ԭĳ۷ӦɶԷѺע޵߶ע⸶ΪǶͻȻ֣÷ڶ޵ߣûõԼӦõõĶע𶼻۷СԼ˵
ˣ𡭡˵֧޵߶ע
̧֣ҪĽ͡
ǲ˵Щ˵𣬲еĳԱеۣѵҪķԸ²ɣ
Եͳ˺ܶࡣ
ɫѿȷʵΡҾ˵⣬ĽͶ
ھԲ֮ǰȻҪκεĽͣȺѹ֮Թ˲ϾҲûе۷Ҫʲô˵
һˡ
ˣ˭ȭͷ˭Ϳ˹ĽƵĵطûʸҪԷġ֮ǰ޵ߣǾȺ塣
ǷˣķѴԴ۵ĴƱ۷棬ȴδӦøΪѾ޵Ǵһʧ
Ҫ۷޵⳥Ϊ⳥˫עǱȽϺġ۾˵
Ѿͨ߳ӰϢΪ񣬵δжԼ˵ĻǼ˽ӽĹУҲⷬ˵ˡ
ºôĿ⼸ոմͨ߳޵ߣܹȻλϵĻϡ
ȻҪ۽⳥Цһ˵
תĿȻˡ
ʲôˣŶԷ
ʵѾ³Щ˵ˣ׾ܲ³ɱضһʱͻᾪϵĸ߲ϵЩ߲ôǣض档Ծ֪ϵи߲Ա
Ȼ³ԷݣԻǹѯʶԷݡ
Ȼϵܹܣλҷ۵ĻϡȻžԣԼݣͬʱָǷϵĻϡ
ѾԵλãںͷʬ壬ȻѾûԴȻһ۾ϳʬ


2397 Է
ˣȷɣ
ʱµˣҲȻϼк
ԭ۵ܹܺͻϡĹ֡
áԼ˵ϣ۷棬ܾ촦һ¡ڷԱܵʧ۷Ҫ̽в
ǺǡȻĿʬջأЦ
ǹɱ𣬻ҪиǲȻЦ˵
ԼԭǲӦҳģӦ۷档ǣƺЩ𣬾ɴϺΪǿ֮һȷʵЩʧһ𣬱Ͷ΢棡Լ˵
󵨣Ȼŭ
ȫȻת
ʱȻĺܼ򵥣Ѿȷˣı£Ҳôƺֻһѡ񣬾޵ߣȻܲ˽ʦ
ȻҪ֣һȷ޵ֱý
һΣ޵߶ôˡ£ƺѾִˣףʵɱʼ¾ѾˡһЩʶȽϹ޵ߣ뵽ϵ޵ߣпܱǣ
ԼȻתһߣҲ߶һ
ԱģȻ˺Ϊеܲ죬˴εĿĵؾ졣Ȼ˺ǵȵ죬ֻ»и鷳ԼڶһͷˮҲĴڵִ֮ǰǡ
ȻִҪ֣ȻҲִС
䣡Ȼˡ
һǿԺȥ
ԣֱĳһơȻʩչĹĳӡ֮󣬾ͺһżײʯͷϣ̼߽⡣
һĻȻͷ󺧣Ҳ¶֮ɫ
ȻߵλϣҲгֵĴ㡣֮ǰѾǱ޵һɱģ׼Ϊ޵ߺöԸ
ɵȻһιԷֺ޷ǲ׶ԷʵжôĿ¡
Ժ˵ܹܣòҪҶ֡ǣٴζҳ֣ɾͱҷˣ
ھԵвȻ˲Ϊǿˡ
ʸһϣǰ̤һԾԹ˹֣ʮֿʵ
ھУǱȽСһڷڣǿЩ۷е۷ǿߣжһҲ̫İȻ뼫ңԶ໥֮ͨѶǳļѣ֮УԸڵǿһȺ˶Ҳ֪һЩ
ǰ޵ߣƷǳᣬǴչֳʵǲЩϵ۷ǿ߲Ĵڣ˵Է֡
죬ԣԱԼ֡
Ե֣λϻܹܶ΢΢һ㶡֣ǲϤ˵ǳİǿԿ϶Լû֡
Щˣ
⾰չֳʱڷУҲǰ˰ɣôȫûأ
ˣδ뵽ġǱʶУֿԾųˡһ½˿µʵ
ԡ𣿡
ˡǾ𣿡
Ƿһ֣ʱޱȼ
ˣ
ǡǾȻ뾰ͬһۣ
һ֮󣬸ķ޵ߣ¶˷ܵı顣ڷ죬ò޵ҲһЩӴޱȵĻ˵ò޵̫̫߱ˡϣһҲһ޵߶ѡ֮Уû˼òһʵ
ǣԵڷѾǳǳˣһ̶ϣͷԵ˵ԼֺЩڤվͨڤվ޵ߣкܶ඼ʶ˭
ûҾǾԡԶһ˵ͷ
龰ȻˣĺɡûԵ֣Щ޵ߣֺ仯ܲ
𣬵ʲô
ܹܣҿȰɣ޵ߣȻвٶ֪⾰ȵȵȣԺЩ˿˽һλ˵һϴܹȻ


2398 Ŀ
ڻϵĽ飬ȻΪȻ
ղһȻûܽȫʵ̽̽Ĳ֣Ѿη塣λ֣Ҳûκεʤ㡣
ԭǾ𣡡Ȼͷһ̻һ飬֣µĹּ
ȷʵ֣˵ûΥĶĹءΪûмʱֹ;ԷĵһʧҲ۵Ρ
ҪǶԴ˽вλΪǺҪ󡣡
Ȼ仰˵Ķ̨Щˡ⼸仰ƮƮģɴҶף۷ˣλľЭˡ
λ𵽵ʲô
ɱ𣬻Ҫ⳥޵ߵʧ۷ȻӦˣ
ûȺ˵ı飬⾰ǱͷҪöࡣ
˵ûѰǿߣ۷壬Ҳܡ

޵ߣ˽
ܹڴ˴޵߶лˡԶȻ˹֡
𲻱ؿӦġȻЦЦ
㰲µĹ¶ԷѺע޵߰վķ⸶
Ѻע޵ߣ˻ˡѺעھʯ޴ģüɫ裬Ƿˡôһʿƾ޿ھʯǽӿɾͺùˡ
ЩûѺע޵ߣһͷɥġ֮ǰǻԼûѺעʧ󣬿û뵽̶ʱȥͳױŤת˹ЩѺעˣԵõĶע⸶ܶõһĶע⳥
Ľ
𣬳֮⣬ɻҪ󣿡Ȼֿ΢Цʵ
ûˡֱӵ
ţôæĶ̨ߵ飬ȥݻᾰ𡣡Ȼ˵
˵Եͷ˵ˣܹܣΪһһŸ߼Ʊ
ŶȻ΢΢һվھԲԶһ
һҲ֪֪˴μĶ˶աֻЩ⣬ȻҪΪһ߼ƱǿǶʮھʯȥһͼƱѾѵһھʯҲҪ֧ʮڵھʯ
ԴˣʹáһԵ仰æ֡
ǿǶʮھʯ
˵һ֣ⱲӶûôھʯֻȻǻʩչԱһ۷޵ߣ׬ȡԴٶȸ졣Ϊǻޣϵı޵߸ࡣ
һи߼ƱԵ߼һЩ飬Ҫ̸̸Զһ
⡭߼Ʊ̫ˡһЩŵ
߼Ʊģȫھʯۼ⸶ھʯҲԶԶûжʮھʯôࡣ
ض˵Ե
һŸ߼ƱѣҴۣһŸ߼ƱһѾǡȻЦ˵
Է޵߶ע⳥ǿǶڵھʯǧڵھʯӦȥˣʮھʯʲô
ǾͶлܹˡҲûоܾ
ԺϾص߼Ʊ
ԣ뽫һȥ죿ڣϾʾԡ
ţȷʵ㡣Ѿһ򵥵룬пܣһк츳ȥ죬ܰҴæԵͷ˵
һϾ磬ܰ𣿡Ͼǲ⡣
һǻޣɱϾϾ磬֮ͨǿߣһֻܵűɱôﾰأ
ϾһʱҲý͡û´һ츳ǳ⣬ûеңûȻһ㣬Ҫһ֤ԿϾ
һʱ䣬һ㵽˸߼ƱнԱΪ䰲žסᣬִڵķᡣ
Դˣһ
ɣӷڴ
һ뷿ᣬóһھʯǽԱԱϲĸ뿪
ˡһļ
һôɣԶһЦŵ˵ͷָһ˵
лԺһϥ֮ϡ

ϵ£ҴܹȻ
ô𣿡Ȼ½㼱ٵʵ
ָģȻǾڷݣô෨޵֣ȻͬѰ


2399 һ츳
Ҫ̽ԵݲѣڣԵʵ̫ˡ
һЩ޵ѯʣɻҪõϢ
Ȼ˵ѾʵһЩھϢ
ţ˾ʲôݣܹȻͷ
Ƿ޵ߣ˵֮ʱ䲢һЩ˵ʮ֮ǰǵ޵ߡ˵
ʲô
ôܣʮ꣬ӵ𣿡ȻȻվݾ䡣
ϢѾܶ෨޵˵Ļࡣ٣֮ʱȷʵ¼˵
ڷҪΪһˣͲ¾ңɱ˷һλϵλֽл𡣡¿˿Ȼ˵
¾ͻ²˽⣬֮ڣ²Ǹ߲ԱңԶ飬˽ⲻࡣڶ޵¾ͻʱЩԾȻѯһЩ֪¾ǷһǿҲǷǿ֮һ
仰ܹȻȻһ¶¾ͻİȻȴİеڲϣ¾ĽܣҲлĽܡ
λ𣬾Ȼ¾Ҳ˵¾Ѿ𣿻лҲѾɱ
ȻһᣬŽƽ
λķͬѰҺáҺһѡãҪȻǺϡĴڣֻж嶼̫ɣ
ţ졭ȥݷһ°ɣҲ֪λҪǰһˣӦýòǡ𱳺λڣԺ˵ɣȻͷת
һߣԾסķᡣ
ԣһ̸
Դˣ뿪죬ǰ졣һӦ˵ǰһ
죬ھҲǱȽǿ򣬶ԱȶҲûࡣ
һ˵Ҫǰ죬Ե˵ͷ
ʵǻ𣿡
ʵıȽͻȻһԣʱһ¡ǻºأ֪ȻǰڶĶ̨ʩչɱ˶գΪĶ̨иĹϵǶĶ̨޵Ҳû֪ʹ깥
úͻȻ뵽Ǳ޵ߣҲһ㻳ɡ
ԴˣΪͻȻʡ
㲻ýšЦЦɱǶգӦйذɣǻʵӦɱյġ
һ˶٣Ҳ֪ΪΣһָоþԴʮȷһǻޡƺһ١뵽㾰Դ֪һǻƺҲûʲôԾԴ˵ҪԸԼҪϻ
Դˣȷʵǻޡһ˵
ţʵҲǻޡԵͷ˵
ԴҲǻޣһЩԾĿžԡ
ʵǻݣڷ㲻Ƕôص飬в˶֪¡һĲΣǲһЩε޵ߣҪ֪ǻϢͱȽˡ
ԣǻޡ˵ڻԪ򣬻޵ٺ١ʳǣҲֻǺٵһֶѡһĻǴʲôطõģ
ԴˣҵĻʵԼġҲδлᣬõĻҵĻҲδƣϣһЩ⡣һҡҡͷ
һⷬԵҲ΢΢һ䡣ǾԣϾҲ¶ŵɫ
Լ
ֱЩˣһڤվε޵ߣȻ
Ҫ֪Ͼʱ򣬶Ļ籩У㲻ǻȣ籩еֵܲһᡣһȴԼ
һʩչĻͷһתһ˵
⡭ôУһæͰ֡
޷ģȻΪ⣬ʩչĻӦû˺ҡЦЦ˵
ʩչȷһǷһԼ˵
⡭һ΢΢ü˵ǾԴˣСˡ
һҲ뵽ԾԴ˵ӦòԼĻӰ졣οԴ˻һޣ֮ĻޣҪѰΪǿöࡣ
һʩչδ߶̫
һεܣž˹Ӵ󣬱͸Ե񺣣ԾԵй


2400 
ת㽫뵽ɢ
һĻ֮ͼӰɱҲԶԶġȻҪ֤ҲһĻܣһ֮
Ƭʱ󣬾ԾȷԼҪȷϢһȷʵѰĻޡ
һҴȥҪǰ죬ǷԸһͬǰֱӶһʵ
һԸԼԾãһܰԼæս棬֮ϡ
ҪԼǺġǿҲҵ򣬶˥ܱܻɵ۵Ӱӣбض
ȻҲᾡİһ֮
˵˼ǣһ̧ͷžԡ
Ը𣿡ЦЦ˵뿪죬ӦҲѰͻƵĻԵߣԼѰҿ֮ĻԵΪ
ģҲǳĵġȻȥһЩҪЩʱܻܶΣա㲻ԸͬҲǿ󡣡͡
һȻЩȣδ̫õʱ䣬ܿ͸˾Կ϶Ĵ𸴣Ը뾰ǰ졣
֮ǰľǰ죬Ҳǵһȥ죬ԵͬǼΪİġڸıĿ꣬ӵ쵽죬һ˵ûжĸ
ãǾô˵ˣЦ
һھƬ̣ǡ
ԣλһ˲ãȻԼϾ΢΢̾˵
ţأ֪⡣ҵжϣԸ⣬ǿɸ֪޵ġȻԷǿ̫࣬Ϊˡ
ĸ֪ܾ׼жϳ޵Ƿڻ츳ǷܳΪһޡԼ˵
Կһģ
һİԾãԼŪһ֧޶顣֧Ҫֻ̫࣬мʮҲǼǿ
Ƿǳֲģ
һ˻ֶΣͲյĶ֡ڶĶ̨ϣĽһա
޵вֹڴˣһЩĻޣ¶ϲεģҲǿв֮ǿߵġֱԵ壬ǰ׼ʹĻôֱӵ˺
һϲεĻ޻һǿв󣬵ĬĻвġʮ˸ϲλޣǼǱȽֻ¶﷭
ңһѾܽӽ֮ˣоԵָһЩȪʯԴһЩĻһ֮ĿҲǱȽϴġ
֮ܶһĴڣԶԼŪһ֧޶黹ǱȽĵġӵл츳޵ߣӴ޵߶ȴǱСǱ٣ҳһ֡
ڻԪ򣬻޵֮˵ϡ٣ʵһҪԭǣкܹܶΪ޵޵Ϊûṳ̂ϻ޵ĵ·귽ķͷ٣Щл츳޵ߣԻ޶ѣΪǵò
ô˵ϾҲȻס
һʱ䣬۵ܹȻǰݷþԣ̸м
ѯʾҪǰһ򣬾ԵҲûֱӸȻǴȥ졣Ȼ㽫Ĵ¸ֶԾԽһ飬˲ǿϢ
һþҲݣ죬Ȼɵ۳ڴڵġȻ˼ɵۻֻһ
һϢͷҲĳءɵ۳ֹĻǿɾͲüѿݵˡ
ɵ۵ǿ󣬾Ѿһˡڷסɱ󣬱һλɵңԶĻԪռһΡȷλɵڶ֣͵סʩչҲֵܵɵ۵Ĺ
ڣȻ˵Ȼɵ۳죬ɵ۳ھס죬ɵҲٲڵĸ顣ǿྺʱ򻹻ᷢսɵۼӲ档
ҲȻ̽һȻ߾ԣѾΪʷˡǿʢһʱ̶İ֮ˡԭܲڵҲǿʢϷ֡
ͱȽϻңԭڵ򣬸ǻеĻҡԴʯɲǶдԴʯ˵Ƕе޵ждô


2401 ִ
ȻĽ󣬾ҲǾ±ԼеĻҪϾöࡣ
廹жٳԱţ
ЩĲԱֶʲôΪʲô磿
ԼܽĲھۼЩڣԼ˵İ
ھͷ
Ҫ򣬾Բһɵ顣ʱľԣҲ޷ƶκμƻصͷûСľֻܵԼ˵
ֹһǧ꣬۵ִﴨĻԪݣڴͣһµʱٴγ
ϵ£ԡϾǴ֮С
һη붫Ķ¼ûһ޵߸۸޵ˡ޵ߣԷ޵߶ǾˮˮһжƶĹת
˳ʱ䣬۲ŵִ졣
۽Ԫ֮ǰܹȻ֪ͨˡ
ڵˣҲǳĺһ
Ȼϵľʱ䶼УʱԻñȽѹ֡ڲռ䲻Сվǹ̶СĿռ䣬Χޡ
죬вҲЩڴ
۽٣ԪݵĸۿڡۣѾΧƾһȦ
ܲλ졣еۣǴǰһ͸޵ߡһΧƾһ֮󣬱һγʱʱ䣬ҲҪǧ꣬ڻԪռˣôάʱ֮ܳá
ֶ۵άҲǼԴġ
ԣг۵޵߶Ҫ뿪ۡ޵ߣȻ뿪Щǰ޵ߣҪۡȻǲҪ¹Ʊġ޵ֻҪ뿪ҷۣ޵һһۼɡ
ӷǴ޵ߣȻʣǧ˵ӡЩ޵ߣ˵һҪ׷澰ԴˣвҲ澰Խ졣
ǣԲδӦǡ˽ģҲֻǴȻл֪һȺڤվͨڤվ޵ߴ죬κ˵ֻʵʵҸط̫鷳ͶˡԣܴһȺһȥ
Щ׷澰Ե޵ߣҲֻܷҲв˼ǾԲǣȻѰһԵ
Եѣո죬ȵдһʱ䣬ҲóûϤ졣ȻԾԷ롣
᲻ţûоܾ
ԵѿˣԵǿãлӭءȻЦ˵
ҾͲˣˣԵ
ԴϾһȻеԱһԪݣȻٽ졣
ܲλã쵽ռڵ㲢Զ
˽죬һҷ۵ԵˣȻǵҷۺ󣬷ܲٷС
Ըս죬㱻ĵط֮ƺΪԾؼĵϣҪȷŨöࡣ
һصĸоھбøΪǿ
ڷʱ򣬾ԾһָӦԼɾɵ۵ĻԵ죬ڵִ󣬾ԵָӦ͸ˡãԼɾɵ۵·Ӧþ֮СȻʱ޷ھ˵Ѿ˷
ۿٷ֮УԼʱһӴޱȵĳбӳ
֮ܲڡ
Եѣˣڣĳ֮һܲȻˣҲȫпƵĳСڵ޵ÿ춼޵߽ǡվڷ۵ļװϣȻԾԽǡ
һӴĳУǾԵĿһۿеı߼ʡ
תͷųȴڼңԶĵطĸӦ
Ƿ򣬶ûӴĳСһ̾˵
ֻ֮һҡ첻Ǿ֮ʵǿҲ
ǰ죬ûȹģĳС΢΢ͷ
бԵ˷ۣӳеĳŽ뵽еڲ
Ȼ죬һ·˳ֱӾ֮ܲǰ֮ܲ⣬ֻܿһɫĹĻɫĻڵľ۸ͿɫĻͻᱻֹҪǿ͸ȥѡ


2402 ̬
Ҳûпǿ͸ɫĻ
̫лԼ⵱ȻжţԼʵ
ԾڵʵֻҪɵۼȷʵþκˡеϳҲԱϾһˣֻҪתƵǬ缴ɡ
ҲΪˣԲŻܸɴľȻеܲȻˣԾлԼĿԲ
ɫĹĻ΢ӿֳһӡ
Ȼλ۵Ļϣžͨӽ뵽ڲʱã뵽ܲһһ㡣ĿռУŨһپˬ
ܲҲӴռؼ㣬ռڣⰻȻǾ޴ľһӵĽ֮С
Ȼ˴һڡ⽨þ߼򵥣Ӧר͵Ļ֮ĳ
λ漴뿪Ȼ뾰̸
Լյʱ䣬һɫӴ˽òϣϢۻ룬ֻһۣȷһλ۷徳޵ߡ
˽ȻվˣҲվӭ˼ҵܲͣȻҲҪһ
ող˵ܹܻصУˡӶȻ˵ͷ˵
࣬ɳˣȻ˹ĵ
λнɵĳϣλȻҪȻܹ֮ϡ
ɳϣλǾԵѣλǾԵѵѡ
ԵѣλеĽɳϡɳϣл᳤¡
Ȼ˳ƽ˫
ɳϣԡϾһһɨȻϾòλɳϵĿҲûϾ϶ͣ
ԵѴӷɳȿʵ
ԣˣǴӷԵͷӦ
λɳ֪ԼԲûκε⡣ԼȻܲǲǹ¡
˵ڻռڣȻҲûа취ܲѶϢǻصȻܲѶصܲȻ뾰ܲͣҲǵõܲ⣬ҪȻӦòóȻ뾰ԡ
û뵽쾹ܳ־Եôǿ𡣡ɳ΢Ц˵
۾΢΢һ£Ҳ¶Цûнӿ˵ʲô
λɳϵУһ־ӸµζȻԣܸоõ˵ֻʵЩˡʲô죬ܳ־ǿ֮ⲻ˵첻Ӧó־ôǿ
ԵɳһĶ
£ϾһҲھԵԱߡ
֪ԵѴӷ죬ʲôضĿʲôҪаæԵѲؿֻܽǡɳºž˵һ䡣
ҲûʲôĿģ˵ǻԪǿк棬˵лɳϵĺ⣬ʱҵûʲôطҪаæ顣
ԵȻ˵ԼĹϵЩԼѰҳɾɵ۵ĻԵ
ԵӦûϽϳʱɣûкʵȥǿ֮ڡǻ᳤֮ǰҲԶңһҪúý;Եдáɳϼ˵
Цһ
ڶе̬ȣѾ˽ˡУֻҲ̫Լӣλ᳤Ͳ᲻¶ˣֻһԼ̸ⳤϵ̸ƺԼʱС
ԵȻܼУ˵Էֻɳһ룬еĻ᳤Գ룬Ҳͬ⡣ολһָ߸ϵ̬룬ҲûþԸоκεĳ⡣
ֻܹܲΪ̾ݷáȷʵ춺ϳʱ䣬᳤ʱǡܣվͻ뿪º͵˵
ԭˡɳϵ˵ͷϱ鵹û̫仯ֻжһЩĶ
λɳϣеλȷʵǱȽϸߵġݣǷЩܱȣҲȻķܹܱȡȻȻƿһۣǱϾ⣬ֻһҷۡɳϣȴܲкܴȨ
ԵеϣɱһԶ޵ߣ˽ɳת˵ϡ


2403 
ϣȻѾ뾰˵ı
Ծ֪𱳺һλĹλĵӡ
λɳ𣬾ȻĿ˵ϣȷʵɱһ𣬴ЩűΥеĹءǺǣɱΪάеĹأΪ۸ҷ޵ߡ
ɳĿ˾һۡ
ɳϣΪȷʵȽϹ֡Ȼ˵
ɳ϶Ȼ˵ͷתĿԵԵѱ䲻ΪάеĹأνȴάеҴУڴ˸лԵѡ
𱳺ǶĶľ𡣶ľ֪Լĵ֮󣬿ǻᱨġľȻڶ죬Ҳ˵ҾԵ㱨𡣾ԵѣҪСˡɳ
лɳѣǻСġǡ
ǾͺãܹܣԵѴӷ쵽һ·Ͷ٣ΪǼλһסɡɳ϶Ȼ
ǾͲˣվͻ뿪ǣԾͲˡǴӷûӴĳУʱ䣬Ǿڳڹ䣬һȳеķЦžܾ˽ɳϸԼ˰ס
е̬Ҳˣ̫ӭǼˡȻˣֺαסأ
ңҲȷʵǵ죬˽һڣľλʲôط֪
˵ĻҾͲԵˡɳϹȻû˼
ǣԹ˹վ
ϾһˣҲž
Ȼͳеܲ
ϣʵǳǿᣬУҲǿʵٵġȻ;뿪ַܲصɳϵǰ
ȻȻҲܿɳԵͷǿңȻҲ˵ϣԼУƮƮһ仰޳⡣
ɳЦһ˵˵һɱ𣿡
ȷʵˣȻҲڳ޵߼࣬϶ġȻͷ
ʵȷʵǣУҲҪΪ˸һЩۡеˣǶľ𱨸Ŀɾˡɳϵ
һľ𣿡ȻΪȻĵ
УȷʵþһĶľ𣬾ľ죬Ҳ̫вɳ۾
ǣľԣǿĴвУΪסľѵӦøһЩʲô𣿡
˵̬ȣҲˣĺܰǺǣʵɱϾֻһˣӷ쵽죬һʲôǰףǲ֪ߵغ񡣡
ȻĬ
Űɣ˻ǿɵģڲõʱȶľ𣬵Ͷ·ʱԮ֣ʱͻмˣɳϼ˵
ӢȻάһ䡣
˲˵ǶǾ˶һһЩʲô뿪ǣֻǰδէҵ뿴㡣ɳһ֡
ǣȻӦһһԸ˶žˡ
ˣһ¥סǴϢԼ˽ĸ֡
ò˵ȷʵǷǳĻҡ
λ֮ࡣ
ҼλĴڣƹܵҲֻһĵʣµһǳʸݵ״̬
죬ҳ̶ȼֱʳǵҲضˡ
ôǿʢֹһʱ򵥵˽һ£˳ǿʢ֡
죬йģﵽģǶλ
ҲǲпԪǿһ򣬸Ƿܹȵġ
ԻרŴ̽һɵ۵ټûʲôջڣɵ۵ټȻǱȷö࣬ҲѰ޵ܹ̽ġ
󣬾뿪ǣ
ǵ·;ҲǳңԶˣҲǳһҷ۸·ǵȻҲԼֱ򣬵Чʿܸͣһܳ⡣ǻңССһԼдǵǲ֪ҪٸĿ˵ͻᷢһЩĦͻս
Ϊ˼鷳ѡ۸·Ǻܺġ


2404 
ʼķ޷ֱм仹ҪתҪת
˽ʱ䣬˲ŽΧ
ʱһƤƳɵĵͼֽĵͼԵĿĵأΧҪ
ѾָƣûЩ۸ķֲͼҪִǺѵġ
ͼϣбעһЩȫ·ߡͨЩ·ߣ׵ĵִȻЩ·ҲǾԵİȫָƬĸÿһƲ硣˵ǰȫ·ߣһЩײеԱҲᷢɱġ
治֪ǿʢޱȵΪλ䵽֮Ͼп˵
һ죬Щ߶Ҫ򡣡
һ˿ԣδ⾰Ե˼һڣ֪ҪΪǴ㡣ָ֪ʢܻᱻס
Ͼ֪뷨ģȫϵھԵϣ۾Ҫʲôȫ֧֣ǸΪۡ
Ǿһ·߽롣ָָͼһɫӡۡ
߰ɣ˳ĻӦûڰºִָһһ㣬Ƥͼ
Ĵϱȷнǿĵƺǽӽ߹ζĵ£޵Ҫ˲ƴѶǷǳģ˵ܡ۷ǿߣҲֻжܴ
ȻҲǾԵģһЩⷨ޵ߣҲ˲ƣ޵ǳǳ١ˣҲϰһ㣬˲ƴҶ˲ơ
˳Űȫ·ߣ˲һ·ϣҲһЩҪ˵޵ߣ¾Զ˱ܣһЩ޵߷ҪҲ飬ֱٶȽЩҪӵ޵նɱ·
Լ˰ʱ䣬˵ִ˴еĿĵء
ﲢûκγУ޵߾ۼءܿȥһƬľ
˴ʱվһĿ֮ǰ
ԭӦһǳӴھʯܻԴʯڣѾɼһգֻʣһƬǽˡ
ˣһ
ڿƤͼʱ򣬾Ծѡ˴˵غ󣬱ȷѡ
ȽƬĿΪƽأ˵
Դˣ⡭ǲȥ𣿡һЩ¡
֮ʲôԴˣҪʲô
ȥУԿ˿һЦ˵ǲȥУҪֽһС
һУһֱΪԼˡ
ҪҵһУǵøĴۣ
Ĳ˵ǺķѵԴ޷֡
ΧڣдССϰЩܽΪ䱳иӰӡЩССдԽһСʲô˶ѣ
ԴˣҪｨһп²׵顣ЩֻҲǽаɣһСĵ˵
ţȻҲǵˡԵͷ
ǵĶóǡǵϷڤǡǱٷǡڵλãйϽΧ㡣ｨУʱڣбӦò̫⡣۾Զ˻˵
óǡڤǺٷǣֱ
ܽ쵽ҲǴһЩСû㹻ʵռһƬѹԴ
бȻҲǾĹϵͬʱҲάһƽ⡣ش⣬΢ƽ⡣
Ҫƽ⣬ȽԼĳгν
һУȷʵҪķѺԴԵһǽгΪһ־ڶҪ취׬ȡԴˡѰĲڣ¾ۼ
ĿǰյڻвٵġЩˣеڳ֮Уеɽ֮Уǰǲ¶ݣǾԾãЩڲȫ򡣾㲻˶żĸ飬еĲӦԸΪսġ
䣡תӰڿնӴķ֮ϡ
͵ĻӶƣһɿֲһӴӡӡڷϿգ·ѹ£ܿߴײ
꣡
¡
ЩӲʯױȵ»Ϊ촷ֻۡգۼ䣬·һ޴ѷ졣϶£𽥵ıѽ⡣


2405 
ԸգĿ⵭Ȼ·ڿٱķ
˵ڵھʯѾɼһգûпɵھʯҲܵס
ռھ޴ӡ³ӡĵƽ߱ˮƽԲŽڵˣӴޱȵķӵƽʧˡܣֻʣ»ɫķ۳һЩ۳Ưɢ䵽Զ
Ȼˣ뵽׵ĵطȻϷ͹𱻾ѹƽˣ·䳲һĿնڡԲ㽫·ķ䳲նĨЩնǿõġ
Դ㽨һУֻѰĳУô޵ߵܾͲ̫󡣱ϾطĶϷͱд͵ĳԵĳû֮Щ޵죬ûи
㾰ԽнЩ޵߿Ҳóʱܱ
ˣԴδִʱ򣬱㽨һ춼мĳС
Ҫڳеĵ£ŪһϣֻҪ֮ڣܵŨܲһ㡣
Ҫһ㲢ףҪԴ
ԵϣڵھʯǶԶԶԼĹ롣
Ȼˣĳвһ͵ġҪŪҪƬȲһ󡣷µĳͷųٶҲὥ졣óһ󣬱ɽͷų£һƬУԴӳ֮
Ͼһҽһ񡣡ԿϾһˡ
Ըһæ
ϾĿҲžԡ
ǹԶ֣ӿ¡
Ͼһ߹ָ̽һͷųһڵϻžԵĶһͼֳ
ͼϣһ뽨֮пĽֵ
㻭ʱʱ䣬Žɡ
ԴˣһУһ˿ͼֿ˿ԡ
ţǳеĳΡйģ϶ͼϻҪ󡣲ڣĳҲ͹ˡԵͷ
漴ӶֱۣĲϴǬɳЩϴǸֿʯľġ
ϾһھҪ鷳ǣʼͼеĳˡǿǳеģҲǴʱվĵطˣʹĿʼ衣˵
Դ˷ģһһ߾ȫһֵ
Ͼû˵ֱӾͶֽˡ
̧𣬻߶ٿ£Ƭ̼䣬һĵػѾģ
֮ǿ˵ЩݵȽʵ̫ˡЩǺͨĽ֮ҪʹãֱָͿһ
һȻ֮ȴҲڤվ۷壬һǻޣ跿ݵٶҲǲһϾˣϵĴ߶һݽ
Ҳûš
ΧһķΧٷһȦڷУҲһЩǺš
ڳǵķΧɣ
Ȱڳǽ
󣬾ȸڳǡԺ˶ˣžǡ
΢΢һ
ڳǷΧȷ󣬾ԾͿʼþˡСʱ򣬾󷨣Լļ͵磬磬ϵһֱǿ󣬾Ȼûа̫ྫϣнӽ壬һֻҪľͿɴﵽܸߵĲΡ
һ󣬶ھ˵ǲѶȵġֻҪгĲϣò̫ʱһԲó
ʱһȥ
תۣѾﲻͣЪĽһµʱ䡣һʱûܵĸšطǷƽʱ޵߹ǾУڵ޵Ҳеûµط۾
ԵһһƬĽȺû޵߷طı仯
ǣطı仯Ҳ̫ʱ䡣ֻҪһ޵߿Щô޵Ҳͻ֪ܿӴķϽʲô
Ҳûÿغܳʱ䡣
һʱ䣬гѾò࣬ҲѾɡ
֮ЯĸֲҲ˲٣ǿʼ
һУȻҪвģķ޵߶׽еƽڤվ޵ߣҲյʱڽһûзĳг׵Ĵݻ١


2406 Ѫ°
κһжٲҪ󷨱Ļ֮أþ͸ԵҪ
ھѡĽ֮أϱ͵ĳУһյءһյأΪĴյ֮һ
ǿʢʱһյǱռݣ޵ҪյҪġݣյҲͷſˡô޵յռܴһԭġյ֮ڣдޣв𼶵ޣսһ㶼۷ε޵ߡ޳ƻǺǿġ
ѡĽ֮أյΧҲӡọ̈̄ҲͰյʱͿɵִû󷨷Ǽ㲻޵УҲ޵С
ԣǱ뽨ģһҪ಼ܶá
ȱְҲΡ
ڣһˣٶȾͿ첻
ԭĳԱӦвٻƬ򡣵ڣҲûð취¾£԰ת
ҲĴԭԱҲ޷ȷжٶԭԱж޵߻ųϢǻĺҲԤ⡣
˼ǰֻȽгνãȻ£ǰڣȿ϶Ƿǳġ

ھ˽³ǵһº޵ע⵽ı仯
һȺ޵ߣһʮ˵ӣΪ׵ˣһڤվ۷ε޵ߣµʮˣһϲΣһҲͨڤվΪ
ʮ޵ߣ۲˺ü졣
ͷȷˣֻڣǿˣ޵ߡһϾ޵ߣΪ׵۷˵
ͿƺֻæµҲĻص޵ûǿǹ۲գȷڽĳڣȷʵֻ޵æµ
ͷ˵˵ʲôݣǣѵĴｨһ𣿡һϲε޵߷ѽı
ҪһУѶǷǳġҪУҪ˵ԴҪ㹻ܹסıвܽó
ҲǲʶκһȫİġΪ׵۷ҡҡͷ˵
᲻һˣ˵
ƺ̫ܣȻڻȫȷ룬ǴҪｨǣôֻ˹Ҫǣ϶ɳ޵һңҲһ븽֪ͨ¡Ϊ׵޵۾ЦЦ
ˣҲҲ¡Ѿ̽ϢǵϢǡΪ׵޵߿˿ܵʮ޵˵
ʮˣһȺǿ֯
ңյؿţÿ춼кܶ޵ˣҲ˺ܶǿ֯Щǿ֯һûԼĳУȴԼפأʱľݵ㡣һ̶ϡȻˣЩǿҲܽƻȻײУȴ³ç
ڶ֮ǰҲе顣ǶϵԴжԼǣǾͻϵķУɲе˶ӵġ
ˣǱȺǿˡ
ʮˣҲ̫ӽԵ³ǣҲ±֡һǴĳԱǿҪⷢᡣ
ʵϣʵͷЩСëֻǡ³ǽ裬֣ܲɱʮ޵ߣҲвһĽԣֻҪʮ˲ӽţԾöɱ֡
ʱֹ졣
Ϊ׵۷޵ߣȡѶ鿴Ϣ
ˣ治ʲôĳԱΪ׵۷˵
ͷô˵ģһǿʵ
ڸǼд̽ˣݷϢƿǼе֪³ǽ졣ԴǲܲǼек벻һкΪЦ˵
ͷѪ°ҪһʺˣһǿĿ¶˵
ǰˣǳаǿĵĲϣֵޱȾˡǵϣиԴҲ£ǿµмֵϰھʯԴɣһǿ촽˵
ߣ侲һ㣡Ϊ׵۷۾һɡ
Ƿ⣬ҲܳԵ̫Сıҭˣʵ϶Ϊ׵ۿԶ˵ĳС
˵ҴѶ磬ɸֵܵ


2407 еֵ
Ϊ׵۷޵ߣ漴㽫ѶϢѪ°פء
Ѫ°פأ뾰Ե³ǲԶҪȻʮҲôɵķڽеĳС
ͷˣǷ򰡣Ǵ򣡡һǿ˸
ţ˵ʲôΪ׵۷
ǵȴ󵱼ҵ⹦ͣɾ͵÷ֳȥˡ˵ͷ
Ϊ׵۷忴˴һۣû˵
Ѫ°һλҵģ۷壬Ѫ°ҡ
Ѫ°ҲеģڲĴ󵱼ңһαȻ𣬵սҲѹһ۷ġ
֮ǿߣϾǺٵġһǿ֯αǿߴڣѾǺѵõˡǿУ֮ǿҲܺ
ͷҾáǲ̽һ£˼ûֱԼ죬˵
ˣǷǼȻｨǣ϶ǲ뿪ġŹһΣʧܣӦҲǾѡʱ뿪ضܲܲҪˡ
ӳɹ⹦ͣɾȫһǵĵˡʱˣҲֵܷԴ
ͷʵȷʵܱȽǿ۷ε޵ڡҲʲôвɣʧܳǣѵ׷ɱǲɣǿ˵ţٺٵЦ
˵ǱȽеġ
֮ǿ߷ǳƽʱ뿴ǺѵġڸУ֮ǿ򣬵ЩǿߣѪ°Ĵ󵱼ס
ҰƫƧ֮ôôɾ֮ǿ߽ǣ
ԣЩǿûǷȥ롣
˵ģеΪ׵۷ҲѪ°ҵ˵ͷ
ֵǣҪȻһԣɹãʵǿ̳Ŵ˹һ֡ҿ˵
ͷġ
ԣҪԣǾԡѪ°ѵ˼ֻ򲻳ɣ
ʮǿȳһ۾޲̳ȥ˸ˡ
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ͷģ֪ô˵ǿЦ
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ɱ
ಣ
һȣʮǿǷ³ɱ˹ȥƬʱǾͽӽ³ǡ
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̧ͷ˿ʵһ΢΢
Ⱥ쵰̲סˣЦ
ʮˣѾԶĶ˲ˣ̲סҪɱˡ
Դˣһǰʮ˿ٽӽƺ߲ƣ
һҲһȺǿ
ţɣԵͷ
ߣӭһ¡ЩҲ³ǵĵһЦЦ
ӰһǷɵ˳֮⡣
һϾˣžԷ˳ȥ
˸ոյ⣬Ѫ°ҴŵһȺҲѾܽˡ
ֻ򡣡
ƺǰǵˣȻûܣǵűɱ𣿡
ͷн治ҿΪѪ°פˡҪʹ󵱼ҵ˵˵Ѫ°Ǩˡ
ˣȰѹ˵ϣֻ򹻷ʣҪŪʮϰھʯǿɾͷˡңѪ°񣬵ʱ˵ּ롣
һȺǿ˵ĵͲܻ侰ˡ
ǵĽ̸Ҳ֪Ⱥ˵ݡ
ǿ
һѪ°ǿᡣ
ҵģһ˫۾Ͼƺ޲ñòףŽĿתƵԵϡΪԣӶ˵λþͿɿԲֻԡ
֪λʲô𣿡ȿʵ

򣬾Ȼʲô顣
ȤǴֲطǡһȺǿЦ
СһеԴȻָžԺȵ㣬ĥ䣬ٺ٣Ǿͱӽͨͨɱˣ
ǵԴЦʵ
ٷϻ㽻Դ
ҲˣͨͨɱˣǿǺȡ
ҵģٻд󵱼ҺͶҵİѰ˼š
۷壬ôѪ°Ĵ󵱼ҺͶʵӦøǿŶԣҲڤվ۷塣Ļôһֵ


2408 ·
ϾŶȺǿЦ
ȺǿҲȤúܣʵǿҲ۷徳ΪһֻͨڤվȺˣȻپԡ˵Ⱥˣʮ֮޵پҲ޻ذɣ
Ѫ°ǿ𣿡Цеʡ
СӣҿʲôǿѣѪ°ǿеķ
ҵģʱԼһЩõԤС
ΪȻͶƺҲû̫ǿʵӣǣȴǷǳĴݵȻֵȻǿװģ˵װģô˵ݼ˺ã
ѵײˣͷת
Ѫ°ңʲôЦʵ
Сӣͷ䣬ʾʵģ
ͷҿСӶģƺʱ䡣
ԣ硭Ƕְɣ
ȺǿһĿд̰Ĺ󣬶Щ̲סˡ
ɱһˡ
ȻЩ̫õĸоⲢˡôҲǵѪǿӵġ̽ҾͺˣȥҲᱻЦ
ɱɱ˷ǵԴ
ԸŮġƯô꣬ûŮˡ
ǿǣž˳ɱϾǿٶȸһЩǳǰ棬ת˲ͳһľ롣
һץһ¡
ħӡɱ
۷巨˲Ϣʩչ
ֻ֮УƺһģƳ֡ʮǿ·ͬʱڿռ֮СԭǿٳˣʱȫֹסǻӶķͷŵĹâסˡ
ʮǿֻһɷ˼ѹԼԼ޷
ۣۣۣ
ţһѪʮǿһһڿռ䱻ΪѪСǣ֮ǰü롮ô¡ͷת
գ֮䣬ʮ촫ʮǿȫΪ˱Ѫ
Ѫ°ҵģҲûûšղɱȥԼûжԭءȻʱûֻΪûɱɱҲǿһΪһѪھ˵۷ͨͨڤվûʲô𡣱˵ΪѰ֮һҲɵġ
ЩǿУҲ޹ˣϧɱӣ֪ж޵ǵУȺ˶
ûõģܲġЦпѪ°ҡ
λתӴܣͬ޷߶ǺҲ޷ֺ
ʲô֣һ顣
ҡҽүҵ촽
ɵͬʱҲ֪޵ɱǿֻһͷ顣ʵʵػһϣ

үü
ˣֻֽǡֵֻǽүֵ˵
ţܺãԵ˵ͷղ˵ĻѪ°ҵġҲ˵Ѫ°ﻹд󵱼ҵĺͶҵĶ԰ɣ
ش˵ĻҴͶѪ°󵱼ҺͶҵġҴ磬֮æ˵Ѫ°󵱼ҵʱһЩ仯˾֮⻹˼ֹ
֮Ե΢΢Щ⡣
һǿ֮֯޵ߴڣǿ֯ӦǲСˡҪ֪ڷ죬һ֮޵ߣƹһƬӴˣԶͫȻˣԶ֮ͫбȽǿģѾﵽڲΡ
ãܺãǳã˵
֮޵ǿţӦǿ԰ԼܶˡԻ֪Ѫ°Ĵ󵱼ֻαѣⷽͻƾûʸġ
𣿡Իһת
룬밡ˣΣ۲ʶ̩ɽ֪ˡˣŹңѪ°϶طͷ
ǺǣҿԷ㡣ҪһЩ顣һǣҪȥѪ°ľݵ㡣Ѫ°󵱼ҵģ̸һ顣ԺͰ˵
ʲôһ㶡
ôɫһ䣺ֻˡ
ˡҡôˣҴɱҵģġ
Էģұ֤粻ɱġĲ£ҾɱѪ°Ĵ󵱼Σ۾


2409 ձ
վǴӦ·ˣ·У·ֻ·һ
ʱһЩѪ°פȻǳУҲǾܶģҲ㲻ȥѪ°פأŰеĵһ֣ϣɱˡ
ȻҲ֪ϣ󣬴˳չֳĹ֮
Ѫ°ɱһѶǾ޴ģ˵̫ܡ
ֻһһˣ
Ѫ°פأ뾰³ǲԶҲʮӡ
磬ǸǵҪѪ°ͣҴˡѪ°󵱼ҵĴѶ
ǾѶģǾ⣬ûᴫѶ
Ѫ°󵱼ҵĵõѶ̱㽫ɳȥĵ˻֮ǰ׼Ӷᾰ³ǣ󵱼ҵ˲ȥ֧ԮڶԷѪ°ɳȥЩȻҲûҪȥڽĳˡ
Ѫ°פأ󵱼ҡһǿٵľۼ
ĴѶݲࡣǺԣٳˡ󵱼һòŵ޵ߣ˵Ҳ̵ģֶκúܣҪȻҲûѪ°档
磬´ʮˣϲεĵֶ߸ȻٳˣԷ׶ԸһĿ˵
˵ǣ
ҲǣԷǣûһʵ϶С
ܵǿ׷׳ԡ
ȶԷˣȲҪ̳֣˵󵱼ҵĿһ۵
ϧȥٷǣڵĻضܿԷǳҵĵ
ҲѪ°ĳԱڰڣǾʦһѪ°ǿ֯ҲҪ븽дùϵġȻǴ˶áļУڣЩҪһǿ֯ʲô¡
ѾѶˣٷǸϻ󵱼ҵ˵
Ѫ°Ⱥʱ򣬾ѾѪ°פء
ķٶȣȻǲôģоڣ·ʱʹˡ
硢磬һˣ
Ѫ°פأһկӡ
ʱԺկ֮⡣ûоԵǿгկڡ
ô죿
ô£ô˿죿
˵³ǵλãڶʮ֮
󵱼ҵˣĻǻΪصפأҪյʱû뵽ǰѶżʮʱ͵ˡ
ߣȥԷǺηʥ󵱼ҵһ
һȺǿ㶼կӡ
磬硭һҵı鿴ŶĴ󵱼ҵˡ
Ѫ°󵱼ҵʯ˶ʸմ󵱼ҲûϻֱӶԾԹ˹ʵ
ԡԱԼ֡
ʯ˶ǿĶһۣҶ΢΢ҡͷ
ԣ˶ֶİǲǵһǽоԵġƺҲû˵֡
ţѪ°ﻶӭ֮ʯ˶ֿܿԵֻǣͻȻѪ°²ô򵥰ɣ
ȻЦŵͷ
ԳѪ°ң֪ǲġָָһԵ
ûܣҵĿˣǿƵ˵
ǱϾǿɷǺصġ
ǾͺðˣѪ°ңһȺǿҪҺɳǡǺǣһţҪ˵˵
ʯ˶һЦ
֪Ҫһʲô˵ʯ˶žԡ
òţԸƺҲǺº͵ˣΪȽǿɾǴشˡ˵ԼѪ°ܸɵԣʱԲаֳɡ
ܼ򵥣ڿʼѪ°Ҫҵġʲô飬ǾҪʲô顣ûּۻ۵أǽ춼˵ˡԵĮ˵

СðģôĿ
˼ƺձѪ°ˣǲ֪ߵغ񣡡
󵱼ҵģϻʲôһ֣Ūˣ
һȺǿ
磡λˡսս
˶һˣҵһۺǳ
ǲˡҡҡͷ
ǲϣҪ̫ˡѪ°ƬҲͷġֵܾۼһҲ֮ˡͻȻ֣ҪǸ£㲻Ҫܹ𣿡ʯ˶˵
֣ҵģܻЦ
䣡Ի£ͬʱ̧ƣǰĻ


2410 ʵ
ھĳӡʱѪ°Ĵ󵱼ʯ˶ǿܿ췴Ӧһæ߶
һȺǿʱȷʵЩɵԣǾȷ˾ԵʵҲִеģܹҪƴһѡ
ȺǿУڤվ١һȺ˼ȫ֣Ҳǳľˡ
飡Ļӡֵܿʯ˶Ⱥ˵ͷ
ʯ˶ˣȳҪֵһԼǿֶʩչ
һ̣Ǿȫһһ˹ıϸ֡ǵйӡȫ˲ʱڱǴ󵱼ʯ˶ֶΣҲûܼգ۵Ĺ
ˣʯ˶оĵͺ
ı飬ÿͷơףоԵǿʵжôĿֲǵѾǵ֪ʯ˶αҲǾԵ˶Ҫµöࡣ
ռڵӡȴûʯ˶ѹȥӹȺ˵ͷǺ󷽵פկϿա
ʯ˶˺󷽣Ѫ°פءפشʱ䲻ˣҲвٵ󷨼ӳ֣ȻԶЩ͵ĳȣǵһǿһʱ仹ǿԵġ
䣡
꣡
ӡ£կӵĲ󷨲ϱĹΡЩεļЩȫݻٵʱ䣬կĴͱݻٴ
󷨱ȫݻٵ޴ޱȵӡȴڼ£ת˲䣬կӵĽӡ֮»Ϊ촷ۡ
е춼ʧѪ°կӾͱΪƽˡУֻĳƮɢ
ʯ˶ˣһȫǴʱܵûˡһЩʵСǿ嶼޷ƵĳУԵĿг˾ֺη塣
⵽ðĹ
۷εǿǿߣôͻȻأ
ˣʲô
ʯ˶Ҫɱǣ֮ңȴһĻᣬӦøжǡȻˣҲǡջƣ̵˵
Դˣ飡ǡѪ°ڿʼԸӾԴ˵Ĳǲʯ˶æͷ˵
ãܺãǳãЦЦ
ĿһתôأɻˣҵҪ֣
ԸӾԴ˲ǲҵҲˡ
ھʵǰҪֻˣκıƶûô
Ǵɹʶˡٴεͷ΢Ц˵
ʵȱְæ£ҲЩ˵ġǣҲߴˡе˶˵ĲΪȻԺǾͻ׽ͶҾԣǺεȵǵˣѾıˡ
ˣȻǼɳǣԺǾʲôѪ°ûйϵˡǴӽԺ󣬶޵ߵ飬ǺɳǵɡΥɣɡǣ𣿡Ϣ΢΢ᣬһͷųڳѪ°ǿ
ʯ˶ڣеǿȻӦŵ
ܺã
ǣҺɳǵһԱˡǣΪǸոʶҶǵ˽ⲻࡣԣҪһСǵҳϡ
ҪǵУһССķӡģֻҪǲңڵķӡǲκεĻǱҾԣӡͻ˲𡣽ǻоԼжһЩǲҪߣ
ʯ˶п϶ǲԸþԼڲӡģûа취ûзҲûּۻ۵ءǸоһǾ˶ûȥ
Ҳٲ˱Ƚ׺ͼֵԵķӡǵ³ȻϢľ͵ȥˣʮ֮һҡ
Դˣǣʯ˶Լмʮ˵أĵ
Щ˲ˣǻŵˣѾȡҵΡ԰ڰ˵
ǵפѾ𣬾һͬǰɳǰɡԻ£תжȥ
ʯ˶ˣžߡ
磬ô죿ҵʯ˶
ô죿ģ͸žԴ˰ɣʯ˶̾һ
һȺѪ°ǿƵžԷɳǡ
쵰ɰǺˣҵķУ
磬ҡҲԴ˵ʵֲ̫ˣһ㷴ضûаңҲҲԼġһίı˵


2411 Ѫ°ôûˣ
ԳɹձѪ°ԱһжʮˣһٶʮϾ磬µҲﵽͨڤվΡ
һȺսҪ˵ȥɱ϶ǵĿȴǴ´ˡ
ɳǵĽ裬Ⱥ룬ٶɻȵӡϵĲã֮ǰԺķһʱŽóҪøֹҪʱࡣʯ˶˵ļ룬úֲܶڵĹҪΪˡ
ʯ˶˵ļ룬ھԵİ⽨ǻֻһ档һҪķ棬Ϣϵġʯ˶Ѫ°ȺˣѾã฽ĳСȽ˽⡣ʯ˶˿УԿԻúܶõϢ
Ⱥ˵ҳ϶ҲԱ֤ǵڽ·ӡǲˣ򲻿ΥԵ
Դˡ
ʯ˶˸žԻصɳǵһЩʱ䣬ʯ˶ԡ
𣿡ʵ
ŸҴѶפأǵפûˣԴѶҴʱҵ׳ʲô顣ʯ˶ͷ˵
֮ǰѪ°ľʦڤվ۷Ϊ˼Ϊó棬ĶıԣѪ°ڵĵλʯ˶൱ġҺˣλ˵ʹ
ɡ˵
ʯ˶Ѿ˵
ǣʯ˶Ӧ
λһЩ£ڵĺɳǶԣñȽϴԣʱô˵֪ɣ˵
Դ˷ģ֪ôɣҲһʯ˶ŵ˵
ţԴھԴͻȻͻȻģϢȽͨҲ֪ͻȻ˾ԴһǿˡֻҪԴ˵ʵɳǵĿԾͷǳˡ
Ȼһյʱ󣬾͵˺ɳǡ
ʯ˶˵Ļǣ½ĳѾѪ°ռˣӴԺѪ°ҲԼĳС⻰ҲЩǿҲԼĳа
Ȼʯ˶ΪҪٵԭפЩɣҲû̫ԥֻǳһ£ٶɳˡ
˺ɳǣͲܿƵˡҲ·ӡֻǿʯ˶˵һ䣬󵱼ҵңȻٲҲֻˡ
ǱȽмʶģеǾã˾Դˣǰ;ԶһЩԴȻ߻û̫ǿߣǾԴʵǳֲ˵ԴѾкܶǿİ֣ҲͿȺǿˡ
ԶҲΪ⡣ڸжбȽ϶ĹϵҪԴϣͨ⼸кܷ㡣ԲôҪϼ࣬Ȼ٣кܶҲǷȱģ湺򣬵˾Եĺܶ鷳
ɳǵĽԽԽ죬νһǧֻµʱ䣬˼Ĵػ⼸󷨣һİèͺѻٻнˡ
ʱ䣡ʱĲðһڷڡ
оһת֡󷨡
һܷǳ˵
ĿǰԻûתֵ󷨲óҲҪϸо͸
Ե󷨵Ӻܺãټǿ֮Զ󷨵оٶȺܿ졣ܳɹ󷨲óôˮƽҲһεĿԽ
Ȼˣʱֻ벼óת󷨣򵥵˵Ǽ򻯰ġת󷨣벼óҪǧõʱ䡣ֻǲü򻯰󷨣ѶȾͺܵˣݾԵݣֻҪµʱͿɲó
ҲٶȣɹҪĲϡ
㹻ھʯϺܼ򵥣ǼڵҵԸ⽫ĲҪôĲʲôЩҵöһ䡣˵ھʯ׬ͺá

һգӰѪ°ԭפظ
磬ҺȷѪ°פؾǡôûأһ޵ߣ˫üָǰһƬյص
ѵǱʲô˸ˣһ˵
ҪѪ°ôףЩǿ֣Ҳû˵дҪѪ°ﶯְһҡҡͷ˵
⼸ˣһǿ֯ǿѪ°ǸڱȽǿ֯İҲһαε޵ߡ
ȥѪ°ҲһЩĦ˫֪κβöԷ̫ҡ˷Ѫ°פûˣʮֵĲ⣬ǰԵѪ°פع۲ˡ


2412 ļ
Ī
Īڽ֮ǰһǿĳԱǸڵ˴Ųò˳һֽ˿
Ѫ°ʯ˶ĪиΪȷ˽⡣
磬ȷʵܹŹ֡۷徳ĺӿĪ˵
ȷʵܹŹ֣Īĵ˵ͷ
еЩǿԵ޹ʲʦѪ°ңгǿѪ°ǿ˵ֲԶҲܶԴ˺޲Ѫ°ʯ˶ҲǺöԸģǵһλͨҲܶһ󡣶ڣѪ°פضֱӱĨˡĪ˵
룬ֻֿܴڡĪ˵һֿܣѪ°ʵֲĴǴɵѪ°ڶֿܣѪ°ԼǨˡֻǣڶֿԲҶʯ˶˽⣬ͽפǨߡ˵Ѫ°פӪôͣķѵԴ;˵
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ǣ޵Ӧһ
ſǿѪ°פʧǿ֯Ҳ½һ㡣
һʱ䣬Ƭеǿ֯
ǲܲģҲҲġѪ°Ȼûʲô飬ܻиָìܣѪ°ͻȻʧ޷ġĳֲǿ߳Ϧ֮Ѫ°ôλֲǿ߻᲻ὫĿٷŵǵϣ
ʼĩǵȻ޷ġ
Щǿûöʱͷ˾ԵĺɳǡǣҲ½ĳڿѪ°ԱӰˣۼѪ°󵱼ҵʯ˶ټ
ƬڣѪ°֮⣬ĸʵǿֻ֮֯һѪ°³ڵϢܿʹ˸ԶС
ǣҪһĲ̽Ϣͺˡڸڣȫ鲻³ǵϢɴ˿ƶϳ³븽óǵбǿûйϵġֻ֪һ㣬ƺҲûʲôô޷ŪѪ°ȺΪܽ³ǡ
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ƨ̣ҿҲжıްֵѾ۲˺ܶ죬³ڣѪ°ĳԱ⣬ʲôסҲ˵˽ǿľѪ°ʲô˲õıôȫѪ°ｨУްĴ󵱼ЦһΪȻ˵
˵û߰ĵҲãȷʵʲôסǿˣȫѪ°ġ߰ͷЦ˵
˵ǺηʥܹǵϽСǴкǡ͵͵ĽнǲӡǣҲʲô˵ɣѪְӵ
ֵ˼ǣĪѪְİ΢Ц
ҵ˼˼Ҳܼ򵥣ܶԷ˭ȴһӿ˵ȻˣǵĻв³ǵģΪļӦֺѪְĿһת˵
λֵ˼أĪֿ߰ްͷˡ
Ҳֵͬ˼ٺ٣³Ȼʱ䲻ҲˣйģɲСĳУˮˣļֳɹһֶÿһҲֵܷˣ֪ҪֵӶЩɢޡ۰ֺٺЦһ


2413 Ͳ
ЩǿУɳǾһ⡣
ҪǶԺɳû뷨ȷʵѡ˵ˣ㹻ʵǾԻὫóǵȼжһȥûóǵȳУͻȻð³ǣȴ͡
ֻǡѪ°Ȼ³˹ϵܺãҲλ³˽СȥеĻǻʯ˶Ī˵
ֺα˵Щûõģʯ˶ƥҪ治ʶ̧٣ļֽѪ°һ˾ǡ߰۰ƲƲ졣
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Ȼλֶ˼һ˵ʲôɾǣҿֲث֡ĪҲվ
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ĸԣ㶼뿪ʱۼ֮أ԰פطء
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Ѫ°ȼǿ֯Ҳ̫С֯Ȼǵ⡣һС֯ðͷ⼸ǿ֯϶ܿӦҪôҪôձࡣǿֶΣѡûʲô¾һ֮ͨ޵ߣǿ֯ƤӵһȺǿ
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ʯ˶һ㶼³Ǳ
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ȻڲյʱһȺȺǿͳںɳܡǷĶӣĸ򽫺ɳŰΧĸԣڸȺǰγɡ
ʯ˶ˣ߳˳С
˵λҲǸͷô׼ֹҺɳ𣿡ʯ˶ϤòϤף죬ʮĵ
ûоԣ϶û֮ǰѪ°פػڵʱĸͻȻֱѪ°פأ϶ЦڣЦ˵ġͻȻ֣ɾԴƺҲǰûʱͬʱаĸˡ
ʯ˶Ҳͷڣʯ㲻Ǳǻƺ˿Ź߰۰һЦ˵
Ϲ˵ʲô߰ԭѪ°ҵĴһָŶ۰ŭ
ʯ֣޹ءȰ㣬Ѫ°뿪ʯϵĻһܻ˰Īʯ˶˵
֣û뵽Ҳ˽졭Ҫʧˡʯ˶ҡҡͷ
ƥϻʲôÿǡް󵱼
ʱţĸǿ֯ǿǣ׷óԼķ׼ԺɳǷǵУ̰Ĺ󡣴ʱýᵽ³ǵջǷʵͰнĲϣһۿԿкֵܶߵģ㽫ЩʯҲܴ׬׬
˶Կôôأ
ʱ򣬳ڴһǾ˵
£ӰںɳǵϿա


2414 һһ
ԵӰںɳϿո֣̽ڳ˵Ŀ˹ȥ
ˡʯ˶æԾ
İĪͫ΢΢һע⵽ʯ˶ͻȻֵ̬ƺЩˡʯ˶Ѫ°Ǽæģ޵ߵ
ʯ˶ôԸ££ƺЩ̫
λĴжšգ֪λҺɳкָأĿɨĳԱʵ
Ǻˣ߰۰ָžԺʡ
ԣɳǳԿ߰Ķ۰
У㽨ģ۰
ûԵͷкμ̣
Ǻǡ߰Ķ۰պдЦĿ⼸˶ӣдٽ
ԳôֱʣȻܹｨǣ˾塣ֻǲ֪Գһתʵ
ЦһĳԱҿԻشҲκһĳԱҵĺɳǣʱҲЩûκιϵ
֪߰ĺ̽ԼԴҲںԸǿŻòųƤ졣
ԭ۾΢΢һ˵Գｫһнֻǲ̫װ߰ǿΪԳֵһѹ
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ߣ԰ҪװͿǵϽУȴкһôǲǼ𣿡
ҾͰѻ˵ˣС̽еԴ¹СǱ㽫ȫɱ⡣ɷĵͺ
ֵĿδҲ̫˰ɣʯ˶Цһ
ʯ˶ȰòҪ¡ǺǣǷҪ֣ҲֻܽѪ°Ҳնɱ˵
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СӣǾ뿪ȻýеԴԺͲҪ̤ˡԴķϣǿԲɱ㡣ʶôɾ͹ֲĺˡް󵱼ĶžԵ
ʦ֣ǰȻСĦôҲʶһһ̶ϣҲѡһȰϽ뿪Ѫְʯ˶Ȱ˵
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һȺٳ̣ȴǸоһɿֲ١һȺˣʶ̧ͷȻһźɫĻЩɫٶȼ죬գۼǵ˵Ľױȵܣðڵ߰Աȫͷһһɺ֮͸ȫ
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ǣһźɫܼǷΧֺܹ㡣ңںɫ渲ǷΧڣ֮仯˵߶ʮɵתΪٶȵĿһɶˡ͵£һӣٶţ

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2415 ʵ
߰ĺˣҲµĺɫ
ѪְްĳԱЩ߰ԱʱҲųġɵɫ潵٣Ǳֹס壬Ǳ㿴һĻǱĿֲһĻ
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Ѫְްˣһʵˣ֮ǰĲ̬Ȼ޴档ʱǣͺèǰһ㡣
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Щǿʬ嶼ճɻҽˣĸԴϡЩ﷨ˣһѶ߰ĶӴ﷨ڱɢһء
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ѪְްҲӦæѧģ̬ȳϿң·ϲڴ˵ؽǵġ
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ɳӳʯ˶ܶӳĪ־λܶӳԭµĳԱĸ֧ӡĸ֧ӵ֧ӳѡǿҾټԶ˵
ʯ˶֪ǵİ˾ĳΪʷˡԺƬûѪ°Ȱᣬֻкɳǵӡ˵ֻҪԳǵݾעˡǵڣоԽµķӡǱѣ̾ͻȥ
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Ǻɳǻӽеĵһ񡣡
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ڣӦ
ˣھͻȥԼԭפػٵԭƲǨɳǡȻȥһ߰פأ䳹״ݻ١߰ڣȫɱԶ˷Ը
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˱뿪ȥˣԳɡ
ˣƬڵǿͱˡʵɳĸǿ֯ı룬ûԮ֮ǰóǵȼҲ̫ˡóǼУȻдЩռݵĵǺӴģҲĳǲ̫ǿߣ⼸ǿҲͳ֮޵߶ѡ
Ȼˣںɳǵķ̶ȻУʱ˵ֻоԡϾһԭĸǿ֯Ա
Ƚת󷨵ĳ̬óԾҪ취ɳǾ£ȥˡԺս϶࣬Ҫ޵߼ӡΪɳǵĳڽĺܶսУûбҪҲÿһսԲμӡ
Īļ룬нĽٴμӿһء⼸ԭǿ֯ڣʦǸ԰˺ܴæתֳ̬ԱҪµʱ䣬һʱͽˡȻҲ뾰ϵͻйأԵĲﲻٶҲ޷󷨲


2416 Ʒ
ת̬óɳǷ֮
ȻɳĿǰ࣬תִķɵסѰһʱˡǲ֪̬󣬾Ծͺķ˼ֵھʯĲϡ
ʱ䣬ԵĻȷʵ侪ˡԹһ£඼ǧھʯˡ
⣬ǿʼ׶ΰˡ
תóɵĵڶ죬Ա뵽е¡ﱾһھʯĵ£һĵصڽ֮ǰûнЩصƽΪľڽھʯѷŽȥ
ʱͷһǧھʯɣһʱ䣬һǧھʯȽϾȵķڳе¡
һǧھʯڵһء
ڵ޵ߣ̾͸оı仯
оڣӵͷųɢ档
Ũ̶ȵеȻ⻹ֻǵһҪ޵ɳǣ⿿ŨȻóǡٷǻڤǣѾ֪ˣЩе񣬱޵ҲȽϰΪӽʤصˡ
ɳǾʤصغܽӺɳǵʤصҲһʮ·̡ϲ޵ߣյʱɴӺɳǽʤصطΧ
ʤصأΪĴյ֮һҲΪĴ󱦵ءʤصѰð߼࣬ȻðҲٲˡڳʤصأǿ۷޵ģտɲޡ۷޵߽ʤصҲСģʷϣڳʤصص۷ǿҲһ
ɵ۷ŻɵҲ޷ʤصط顣˵ʤصضɵ˵һĿȻġ
һգһʣԴ
ʱĵԴǧھʯҲЩԲ֮ǰڷܵԴնɱһЩǿѹεԴҲûʣ̫ˣҪǸĲϣЩϴõԲ򲻵ѾҲὫۻȡھʯ
ȪʯȪ֮ĻлƾʯЩѣޱҪ϶
ˣң˽
ǺɳǳܣҪɰ칤
ţԵͷһ֡
һǬһЩ˳
ܣЩܲڶָָóĶ
ǴʳǵƷһ֣أзҲз
һ鿴ɫʱ˱䡣
ˣ⡭Щ귨ͻֵԹˡ𾪵˵
죬귨ͻҲǷǳġûУǺٺ٣ÿγֶܶ˲Ŀ
ԣʱܱ𣿡Ե
˼Ȼ㴦Ҫ߼۳ǴǵȻ򵥣귨ͻȤˡԲ٣Ҫʱ߼ۣҪһЩֶˡ
ӦÿԡˣҪЩЩ귽ĺö򲻵Ŀžԡ
ֻ֪ǾóĲֶѣԻ˲귨ͻ
ҪĻԴԼĵ
ҿȥڤԡڤһ׻ᣬ˵Ҳвͷ˲μӡõ֮⣬Ӧߵļ۸񡣡
ûôʱ䣬Ҫ֡ܣʹЩȥһڤǡ԰ֵ
ǣˣһȫԸЩ߼ۡɫЩǺ졣
ԽôĶȫΡȻ˵ھУȻеļ˵ЩƷһ깥ǧھʯһģֵǧھʯܡǻֵҲԹ
뿪󣬾һڷڡ
귨ͻάǲеġ
һӦý¥ˡҵĵû£һʱĻӦǿԱж¥۵񵤡ɵơ¥Ӫˣǿ׬ǮĻˡѰ˼š
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Ҫǵҩͱزˡھ޵˵ҩǱزٵĸ֮
󣬾Ա㴫ѶϾϾֽһ¥ռӵǺܼ򵥣Ͼûüʱ㽫ߴʮĴ¥ֻ뽫¥ӯͲһʱˡ
ٶȷʵܿ죬ҳɵʸߵþˣҪһ͵ĵ¥ӯҪĸߵ񵤺ͻɵ


2417 ̻
㾰ٶٿ죬һ٣
οҲ޷һֱҪϣҲҪΪԶɵ۾ĸӦҲԽԽǿˡȻĿǰ֮ڵڵٽ㣬ܸӦԼܿɵ۲Σôһ
ԣ㲻ΪɵۡҹɵۣΪԼҲҪ򡣻ǿʢһ죬ǾԿɾɵ֮λһ졣
ʱɵʦɳǣǸߵ񵤺ͻɵҪɹˡ˵
ߵ񵤺ͻɵ̫ˣԲܽʱ;Щҩ档ɹҲǿԵģ޷Ǿ׬ȡһЩˡ¥ʵڸ߶ɵ档ߵͻɵκһ¥Ӧöȱ٣Բ˵ǿǵÿ߶˵ɵ
ֻһչҵĻԴľ޴Ҳ޷ó㹻ھʯɹҩţЩƷֺٰŰɡ˵ͷ

ڤǣ
ڤǱֽ̻ᡣ
̻ᣬ̻֮һʵҲʲôߵĺҵǲһеĺҵ䣬̻ĺҵᡣ
ڽ̻гУضһ̻СĴУкܶҲн̻С̻ǰéġ
ڤǣǽ̻ĳУеĹ¶ǽ̻ˡҲһλ֮޵ߡ
ӺɳǳͣĸϵڤǣžԳƷ׼ͨڵУЩƷ֡
ڡ
ҪңǷкöҪһɫߣЦʵ
ˣڤǽеĸȫ顣
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ȫ᳤ιȷʵһЩҪͨ˵
Ǻǣ֣أҪĶӦòѰƷҶˣֱӽҪĶóɡȫЦһ˵
ȫ飬Ҳ۷ΣļʶҪȾ۷嶼ǿܶࡣҪȻǽ̻Ҳȫ鸺һеСȫӵе䱦ܲǺܶ࣬䱦Ѱ޵ġ
ԣȻıȽأȫҲû̫⡣ǰӿó䱦һҲͼʮھʯѡĶֵھʯѣϼķż𼶵ķ
ȫ᳤㿴վСԼ﷨ȡһɫ
һƷһ깥ͨ޵Ҳܽ伤ͷ깥ܹвϼ޵ߣͨҲܲЩӰ죬ܹСȽͨĹ
ȫ֣Ľӵм˵ƺ̫
ȫ鿴Ĳʲ̫ãϲεķϼķǼƷֵҲ̫ߣټʮھʯϼ
ֻǣĻû˵ȻֹΪӹ귨󣬾ͲһЩЩķͬ
ȫɫ΢΢һ䣬ʶųһ̽еķ
͵һ𾪵Ŀ⿴
귨
죬귨Ҳ亱ȫ鵹ҲӴ귨ȻӴ࣬̽󣬿԰ٷְȷԼŵľһ귨ܺܲ
Ҳǣʳǵ귨ʳǵһ㣬ھǾǺܲ귨ˡ
ȫ᳤ôȫı仯Ҳ΢΢Щ⡣
ܹȫɫ䱦ɲȫǳܶıƺδȫֱ仯ġ
ȫ̧Ŀ
ⶫǴõģȫͳʵ
ȫ᳤ͲҪⶫˣֻͨУⶫ֡
ãҾͲʡϣֶ𣿡ȫ۾ʵ
ȫ᳤ⶫȤһŪɡֻǡⶫļֵԹڹҪļ۸ҿܾòˡЦ˵


2418 
ϵƷһʮ
귨лöǿɵ
Ȼй¶ԼЩ
ڤеĽһ˳ҲὫʱȾܵһЩļƻǣȥһЩԴûصɳǽԳȻڤǼ֡ϸϣиı仯˵һλ޵߷ǳҪõһƷҲ˽ｻףֻҪ۸ܴﵽҪ
˵ȫٴ
ˣȻֻһ귨
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ȫ᳤ȸ۸񿴿ΣΪ
ȲҪ귨ֵ˵Ͼⶫڴ͵ҲδܼסڽСգһһΣȫЦ˵
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סڽУˡվǱ˵ĵ̣ЩĻ⡣ϣǴŶʮƷءһжԼ˴⣬ɾʹˡ
ȫ᳤ɡûҪȥһλѣҾס죬ٹ˵
Ҳԡȫ˵ͷûǿһҪסС
Ǽ깥ջغ󣬱뿪˽СȻûȥʲôѣһ¥ס¡ڤڣۼ޵߼ֲ࣬ҵƣ¥Ǽġûסڽ̻ľ¥һɢ޿ľ¥ס¡
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֮ǰУһ³ǡ³ǵĳֺǽоԡˣƺһЩʵµѪ°ȼǿ֯ѾоԵձˡû㹻ǿʵǲһ㡣
Ҳ˵ڵҲǾԵˡ
ͻȻó귨пܣǾйءȫ黺˵
ȫ᳤˵֪㲻֪ģҲ֪÷ЦһԣʲôĳԱͻȻðеͣҲɲʲô򡣵ȻˣҲŶԸˡȫ᳤ֻҪһ㣬°ѱǾѲɣɱڤ
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ˣֻЩģϢһȥ»ǽ̻Ӱ졣ȫ˵һ䡣
Ȼң̻ĳǿҲǺܿġʲô¶ϻҪάֹɱ˶ᱦ飬ֻܰɡ
÷˫ü˶ٵȥһ˰ɣţȲɱ
гԳ֣Ǿһʧˡȫæά˵
÷ǿǿߡԳֶԸһ۷壬ֵ飬ûκεֵ֮


2419 ̰
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һŵ֡
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ϣһɹɺƵѹȻȫѲ޵֮ǿߣʵĲࡣǿ۷壬Ҳѿǿߡο÷ھ硣˵ڣҰ⣬÷Ҳûκλѵ
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÷ȫžѹæһ÷ǰ󽫴﷨÷
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÷鿴﷨촽÷òҲǺƯġУСʵһԭ򣬶òҲǺҪԭ򡣴ʱ÷ϣԵ̰֮ɫֻǼ귨Ļʵǵϱ̻ܲҲǹˣ֮Ʒô
÷ͷתһ̰޷Ƶ
÷תĿűסĵ˶Ʒ·϶ѰӴ˵ĿУܵõϢҺáҺûֱɱ
ȫ᳤Ѻֵϸһ󣬻иܿԷ򡣡÷Ư۾


2420 ƻ֮
ȫ޷ȻѺеһУһĸס
ûа취ӳȥңӱ÷ѹѶԳĻᶼûУĴѶˣܴѶȥ
ҳʱûлغɳǣҲûѶȥ˿϶Ҳҡֻǣ˿Ҳû㹻İȷڤа
Ľ̻ᣡȺ࣡ڵʾ֭Ҳ벻ʲôð취˵ӳȥϢȥ
ȫթúܣӴˡܽӴģҲȫһĸţҴһ仰

ˣû뵽ϣȻ˶ƷԭΪ귨ģ˭֪ԤϡȫЦ˵
ʮƷ˭ܲĶ
ȫ飬ҲᶯһЩ˼֪Լ÷ǰüβˣھͿ÷ˡ
÷˿ȫ顣
ȫ᳤жʮƷڤվ۷޵ߣôôƷ÷Ŀ˵
ȫһתæ˵ʲôʮƷ
Ǹ飬Ƿǳȵӡ
ȫķӦ÷ǳ⡣
ͷ˵ϣѳ귨һ伮һƷ
ԶԶԣȷʵƷȫͷ
ȫ᳤ֻҪҺúϣĺôȻٲˡ÷˵
仰ŵˣ˵ԼԶʳЩƷУȫõһ֡
ȫӶʱһ
Ȳż˵Ƿݡ÷˵
żˣԭѪ°ĳԱѪ°ҲһЩɢ޶ѡһóƷԲУǿԵõƷϢȫЦ˵
ţһҪڣӦûһЩѶȡȺúõչչȹһЩʱ䣬ٹ÷˵
ǣ˷ġȫӦ
÷漴뿪С
ȫҲ÷ЩƷ
÷᲻ɱڣȫȷ÷ôڽ̻֮ڵĵλȻ÷ߣôҲһеĽСͻȻˣǽ̻߲Իϸµĵ顣ԣ÷ɱڣҲԲڤڶֻ֡Ҫ뿪ڤǼɡ
÷뿪кȫٴǰ
ȫ΢Ц
ޣһڡ
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Ц
ιʷЦѵ˵𣿡ȫ
ȫ飬Ϲ㡣Ҳ⡣ҿԸ㣬ڵġңò˶ãͻڵġĿ׺ݶȫ
û뵽ôʶʱôֻһЩֶˡȫЦ𣬶һԵĸ˵ͷ
Ƭ̺󣬷Ĳҽ
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ںɳڵľԣü
ôûϢԿ˿Ѷ
£ǰʱȥ㻹ûƷȫҲܱһˡӦôѶչǡԴӵһѶϢ󣬱Ѷˡ
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ǳˡ۾
۾΢΢һ
ȻǳˡԺܿ۾
Ϊڽ·ӡ룬ǱԸӦ״̬ŸӦ岨ȻҲ֤ûȥ
ǾͳᣬһҺɳǵɡվ˵
⣬Բе⡣ʵϣҲھԵжСŶʮƷ֣һ˳Ȼܺã˴ЩƷ⣬ҲϾԵļƻҪɳǵкַܶһķЧ̫ͣҪʱ̫ˡ
ϾȥڤһˡԸϾ
ôˣҪһȥ𣿡ϾӦʵ
ãܿҾͻںɳǡԵ
Ͼһ󣬾Ծͳ˺ɳǣڤǷйȥʱԽһöھʯǷѡ
меĳУȡһǷѡʵ֮ĳУҲˡ


2421 ڤ
һھʯ˳С
̿ʱҵڵλá
˳ŽֵλýӽҲûתֻ֮ٶڽֵߡ
ڤǽ̻ĳУ̻Ҳǳǿʵۺý̻ῪͦʵġѰ˼ţĿ΢Ц⡣
ڤǹģСһʱ䣬֮⡣
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ǾԣɳǳҺɳǵˡȫ飬ñɵֶΰıڣ̡ԵĮ˵
ȫԵĻЦ
ȫ֪Ӧ֮ǿߣûԵĻ¡Ϊ÷ӦúܿͻԾ򲻹ҲûϵֻҪһʱ伴ɡڲԵ
ǴԲѣʲôƨɳǣߣҽ̻ᣬ֮أȫָžԣȻ˵
Կһͺȡ
ۣһֲܣݺݵȫϡ
ȫʶĴ߶ֵ˲Ϣʱڿµ»Ϊ촷ۡ
վȫڶɴ۾ⲻ˼һĻѺ󣬴󲿷ѡӴܶȥٲ˺ηԣҲһȫ
㶵ĿžԣˡҪڤǣ


2422 ɳ
ֱ
ڤǣڽ̻ڤǰ
ǰѪ°ʱѪ°Ȼľ飬ԲӵмǿڤĳС
ڣԴƺڤǡһԲϣԴ˾ͽеȫ᳤ɱˡ
ЩĽ̻ıЩúǳ졣

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Ϣ΢΢ᣬ㿪˵һ仰Եеÿһطе޵߶ü
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ѵڤ£ղҿкܶ汼ȥˡ
ţȷʵ¡ֻǣ˵˭ôĵӣڽ̻£ɣ
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ˣ˺Ըˡ
ǻ뿪ɣҪȻǻᱻ꼰
޵ǣҲʼƶˣˣʶΣգǾˡ
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ֵϣ޵ĿɿڴȫµˡڤУڽ̻оôݻٵˣ
ʲôˣôĵӣĪǡĳǿ̻Ὺսˣǣƺû˵̻ǿս
лΪʯڤǵҲˡӣʵɱǿϲ١ӵĸˣҲ۷εľ硣λӵִ󣬽ϡаΧ
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޵ߣԣ˲²⣬᲻˴ݻڤС
ǾԣɳǵĳԽԼ
ɳǣ
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֪⸽ûгнкɳǡ޵Ƿ׷˵
λѣɳǾڤһ⡣ɳǽʱ䲻λû˵Լ˵
ڤǱһ⣿ǳʤص𣿡ü˵
½ĳУ˵ʲôͷȻС˿úܣЩΪȻĵ
λɳʮǳʤصˡ
УҴݻ١
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һ˺۵˳ҲôܸԼ
λҾǺɳλǳԴˣԴ˵ûǴ˹ңҴʱڡλԿϵ˺ۣǱĥġָԼϵ˺۵
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ֻǡѪ°ľʦôʲôɳǵˣ
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ߣȥһˡ˵
µ˿ûнǶʮƷ÷С÷ȻѾ֪з飬һֱûԾֱȥ÷
ڤǵĳȥ
ԳҪȥڤǳ
ѵ빥ɣ
ˣǷӣȥڤǳȲ˵ķ˵÷ǿǿߣ˵ھǿߡ
ôʲôҲȥ֡޵ǣ۾Ź⡣
зΧӣδԺǵõǹԺˡ
оܽһᣬԺ͵ڤǳ֮⡣
ڣ÷ɫá


2423 ײеľ
Ǳ߷飬÷Ѿ֪
֮ǰл᳤ȫԮǹûǰһЩ˼ʵҲȫڵ˵УȻٸϵгɱ˵ˡ
ǣû뵽лôͱҲ֤ʵǳǿ²Ѱôˡһ޵ߣ˿ֲʵôʱͽг׵ķ顣ã³ǵĵˣʵܱҪǿ
ˣǺɳǵľԺѾ˳֮⣬Ƿӹܹ÷ǰ˵
÷ܹܵĻվĿ⿴档
ӣֻκβôˡҡȥҵҪмԴ÷Ǻֻܺгɱ
˷䣬գۼ㵽˳档
÷ˣ
÷Ưҵμˡ
ߣƯҲûϵѵ㻹ܡƲ˵
÷ˣȻˣΪǿߣѰ޵߿ûл׽÷һˣ÷涼ѡ
ߺˣ÷Ժ׺ݵɨھԵϡ
ɳǳԡ㣬ڤǳ÷ɣԵ˵
󵨣䣬ҲֱģһӵĶӳžԽ¡
һӵĶӳһָ
ֻһָӡٿ֣˲Ϣռ䵽Ƕӳǰ÷Գ֣Ҳֹʩչʱ򣬾͸ӦָӡѾӳԱĽǰҲֹˡ
ȻһϺΪĶӳҽһϳһѪŵȥ
ײУ
Ե
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Χ۵Ĵ޵ߣһٴη¡ԳҲ̫׺˰ɣƣƺȫں÷ǽ̻ᶼη壿
˾ãǲǲ֪ڤǱǽ̻ᣬַ뷨ߣô֪ܲڤǺȻ̻أ
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ɱˣǺǣҽɱ˿ɲ١еȫ飬ҲѾɱˡȻΣ÷԰ĻӦ˵
㡭÷նɱԣûס
ڳڣԵܣɼˣûס֪ΪʲôоԵ޵ߣһּΣյĸо
÷ҿûʱϻȫ鰵жҵĶڸԭ˰ɣֻ˵
ѵ÷ȫ᳤˼ҵĶ
пܣҪȻԳôᵱҪ
޵Щ˿ʼž˵
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ҵҪʲô£÷ȫ߶ͬʱתųдѹԡ
ϧǣʵ뾰̫ˣħӡɱ޷ƿдҲûʲôЧ󷨵嶼޷ƺھԵܣһ֧ſ⡣˵ǶԾԱˣǾߵûܵ󷨵ѹȡ
סʲôˣЩˡ
ʱ򣬾һ粽
۵Ĵ޵ߣֻеζһ±ʧԭأһ̾Ծͳ÷ߡ
ǿλԳ÷ǰһֻƺ÷һ¡ʵȽǿ޵ߣԳʵǴ÷õ˴﷨
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ȡ÷Ĵ﷨һ㽫﷨ϵĽƿ﷨ڵĴԴǶʮƷҲС
Ҳǣ÷оƷģȻὫЩƷŵĵطֻԼܲΪȫҲйܡ
ãܺãǳãЦЦ﷨
ͻȻһקס÷ֱۡһ̣һѪ÷ӿ


2424 ϲŮ
ѪУ۵ĸ첲Ӳ˺
÷ɫɷף٣ֵžԡ
ЩΧ۵޵ߣھ˺÷һֱ۵ʱвٶʶ۾
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ôһεεˣ㡭ôµȥ֣
ò˵κεطòƯŮ޵߶Ȼơ˺ֱ۵һˣЩ޵߾Ͳв̵ˡ
޵ߣǾøһӿ
̫ˣ̫׺ˣˣԣݲˣȻôɴ࣬һѵϲŮ
оԵˣǿʲô̶ȣ÷ǿߣǰȻ޻֮÷죬ˡԳѶ۷弶ǿھ磬ǲӦɿƵס÷
Ǹкɳǵ³ǣе򵥡ǿһҲǰɣǽ̻ĳǿҪ۷弶ǿĳУҲõǡ
˵ǿһ۷޵ĳУǳǿҲҪΪ˸ܴĴۡɱ۷ǿ߻ãһɱ۷ǿˣԺǳǿܾҪһе۷ǿ߱
ǿһ㶼ƴĳУڤĳУҲ޵߶ѣĽڡһЩôҪĳУĿֻϲ޵ߡĳػܵסһ۷ǿܽ۷嵲ڳ֮⻹ãгдػ۷빥ƳҪʱ䣬ǿԳʱ֧Ԯµľ۷ĵĽƻʤ
÷򣬽Ҳɱ㡣ȻҵĶڽ̻ϣһԻ˵
ǣҲܾôˣһϼѶԭԭĻ㱨ϼңǽ̻ĸ߲㣬һڣһǧھʯɳȥǽ̻Ӧ֧⳥䡣
ԼĿǡ
̻ῪսϺɳǵ档ңµʼĩ̻߲֮ǰû˽⡣ǽ̻Ը⳥һǧھʯ˫ȻںĿܡ
ȻҪԭ򣬻ǺɳڻȽС֮ڣҲ;ԺϾλ̻ĲϧɳǣڵĺɳǺѵֵסԼǲ壬ҲԷסǺɳǾΣˡ
̻쳬ǿڲǺܶġңǲڲܹӶⲿټ̻ᣬ϶Ҳܶǿйϵ
ԣҪʱ䣡
𣿡÷ûлӦȵ
ˡ÷䶯ǣʹıӦ
˾ԣȥ˵ʱɳһڱ˺ֱۣǲ̫⣬жɵֱ
ãܺãǳã÷ֵ˰Ҫ͵һЩЩˣǲġһСһɾûˡ
ףˡ÷ձĵͨ졣
ߡӰһǵߣʱЩ£ǿ۽ˡ
Դ˴ͨڤǵĳ뿪ڤǡеӣͲˡЦǵĳԷǰм֮Щȥοȳи߲Ҳûء
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ţôˣԿһۡ
һ˲ٿ࣬ԶıֻǱȽģȻĥòᣬδ˵˵Ϣ
ˣǡ̻Ȼǡ᲻˱ɳǣЩĵʵ
ûֿܣֿԲʵϣ̻ʧǸ÷ûɱءЦЦ˵̻ȻǿᣬԸɳǣҲǺ޼ɵġЩǿҪǵкܶࡣʵСǿ϶ԥͳˣʵǿǾͻῼǹɳǵĴֵֵá
ǻὫһǧھʯ𣿡ʵ
̻᲻㹥ɳǣ˵ʱڲ㹥ɳǣǻὫһǧھʯġңǵˣӦûǽ̻ĸ߲㣬ŸھʯЦŰ˰ֵˣҸһµʱ䣬һڣӦûˡ
ھԺ뿪ڤǺڤڷ飬ܿʹˡȴĳУóǺٷǡ


2425 ضԴ
óǺٷǵĳ㣬һ
УҲ֪ǳеĲԶһ³ǣ֪³ǵ˽ǿ֯ձˣֱһǿ֯
ǣǿɲ֪³ǵĳʵ˵Ŀֲ
ڻûв𣿡óǳüʵ
ûвĿǰյ鱨˳ֵúͻȻңҲûв鵽ôһʵǿ۷塣ֻܲ鱨ų֣ڶʱڲϢһ˹˵
ǹŹ֣˵Ҫʲô³ǣóǡٷǺڤǶԶѵԴɣǿΪУҲѰ·óǳ˵
ˣ³ǾʤصؽһʮѡվȽŸô»кܶð߻ѡкɳǵ³Ϊء˵ڤǷ鴫󣬾óڣвð̸ɳǣƺȥһˡ
ôףɳƺ̶ûаɣЩðȥɳʲôҩಹƷںɳǶ򲻵ҡҡͷ
ʱ˵ɳȷʵûʲôλоԵĳͼСӦһƻ˵
ţеҵܲ¡˵ͷ˵
ͬʱٷҲŲ顣
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÷һڷڣȡ˴Ѷ
뵽췢飬¡ǸоԵˣҪɱ̫ˡ
ܲ㱨µľȴòôϢѾϢܿҲᱻ֪ܲʱ鷳
ҲҾ뿪ڤǣΪȻ󣬵ҲĲ̻֮׷ɱ춼ȥ
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ϴˡ÷֯һԣľȽϸĽһ顣
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˶ʮƷڤҪ֣ܲ˵ˣ벻ЩƷû˵Լֻ̣˵ûü˵ԼЩƷɡ
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ϴˣҡҲû뵽Ǹ³ǵĳôڣȫ鶼ɱˡǸԣҪ⳥һǧھʯҪһ͵ɳȥ÷
ϴˣ֪ΣܲδңҶκεԹԡ÷˵Ǹԣ̫ˣǽ̻涼𡣡
÷ʱܲɳǿնɱԡǾӦ۷ǿߣҪˣܲҪɳ۷ǿߡ
Ѿ֪Ҫ᳤ܻ£ʱʵʵţܲĴϵ
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ڤǳλӣ϶ûϷˣ÷ֻϣܱסԼ
̻ܲ
ϸ񽭣Ҵ᳤ܻס
񽭳ϣôôҴҵģ᳤ܻ񽭣΢Цʵ
ڤǱߣˡ񽭳˵
ʲô᳤ܻɫ΢΢һ䡣
ڤǣǽ̻ڵҪУǣ
ȻΪĵ֮һĴյ֮һĳʤصءڤǣǽ̻Ķӡ
ô£᳤ܻŸ񽭳ϵ
ڤǣǸ񽭳ֱӸĳУڤǳ÷ҲǸµĳԱ
ղţ÷ҴѶ񽭣÷᳤ܻ˵һ顣
ֵҲѾѼϸϢӦз
᳤ܻ÷˵ӦöʵˣǾ͵ˡ³ǽкɳǣһоԵˣ۷ĻӦԣǾҪˡ˵
᳤ܻվڷⲽɫЩ
һᣬŵʮƷˣ϶ͬѰ񽭳ϣ˵ݡ
ǣصͷӦ


2426 ̻Ķ
̻ܲ鱨Ȼɫĳǿضǳ鱨
˵һûгɫ鱨Ҳ׳
˵ڻҵ죬Ժȶķ鱨ᱻڼҪλϡ
Զܲ鱨ţ³ֵĺɳǽж෽Ĳ֤ȿʼĲ֣Ǻɳǳԣʲôʱġ
Ǹط۸ӣΧ޵ࡣǾԽߵ·ߣضкܶͻԺȷ˽ʱ䡣ߵǼȫ·ߣҲð죬߰ȫ·߽޵߸࣬û˷־ԣҾ˵ɳǸսʱҲһˣ֣ˡ
̻ܲܿͲ鵽һЩ˳ϣԼʮҵʱ䣬ǲ鵽ǵС
һգϸٴ᳤ܻǰ
᳤ܻǸԣѾòˡ˵
ʲô᳤ܻʵ
ǲ֮ǰͨģ֮ǰжϵ޵ߡ˵
ţȻˡˣǲû˵᳤ܻ˵ͷ
з淴ϢԷ졣񽭼
죿
ʵƫʲôʱһ۷޵ˣЩ۷壬ноԵģ᳤ܻü
ڻԪ򣬷ǱȽģ۷֮޵ҲȽ١۷徳ķ޵ߣ̻Ҳ˽⣬᳤ܻԾǰûӡ
зûиϢֻ˵ڷԪݵǵۡңʵ񽭵
ߣĪҪô᳤ܻһ
᳤ܻյпܶҲû̫˽⡣УҲǴӴ˵۲ע⵽ˡҾãӷ̽ڴ˸ϢҲҪʱС۾ֱӴ죬ҲҪһʱִܵ
ͨ̽ԵϢǾ͵ɵ۴Գˡü˵
˵᳤ܻ˵ͷ
ɵ۳֣ǵȻܣ
˵бûɵۣУҲΪ˲һϢɵԳ֡
᳤ܻǸԣҪһʱڣһǧھʯɳǣʱѾ֮һһǴôأ̧Ŀ˿᳤ܻ
᳤ֻܻ΢˵񽭳ϣȥһˣǸҪһǧھʯ⳥Ǿ͸һǧھʯ⳥
ţ΢㵡
ʵҲµļִܣĿܾһǧھʯԷ
βǽ̻ļкܻܿһǾƻʱԴʧ࣬ʧҲ󡣶ɸǿȥڽ̻ļУ˵ֱǿȥɳǣҲǺѡڣ̻Ȼûǿսǡ
ֻн̻ڲ߲֪Ŀǰ̻һǿϾ濴Ʒƽ˾սʱܷҴսһǾȫԵġĿǰ̻ܲ޷̫ļɵȥ
񽭳ϣǰҪ㹻ھʯȻԴǾԣҪƷ𣿡᳤ܻ
ˣ᳤ܻȥ׼ұǰ򡣡񽭶᳤ܻ˹֣ȥ
󣬸񽭴˵ھʯǰ
ʱ֮УɳǵĽ軹ɵļ֮СԣеѾܹƳֱȽɵеɵһ֮޵߶õƷɵɵƳǺɳǵĵ¥׼ҵˡ
еĿҲźɳǡвˣҲڵŽ̻ķӦ
ǾɳǺܽٷǺóУеĳɳڶ̽Ѽ鱨ʮ֮ǰͽڤ¼ܲܲĿǰδӦбĳǿȻҲڲ̽ԵϢǿܲ̽ԲٷǺóڲ鱨ſȵġʱǿܲҲ鵽̻̽ĲϢˡ
óǺٷǵĳڽ̻񽭳Ͻ󲻾ã͵õϢ񽭽򣬲δ٣Щ̽Ӻ׾ͷټ
ڽ̻ܲλܸߣˣúܶĿⶼҪλ̻ĳҪʲô


2427 ҧ
һɳġ
Ҳ۷ε޵ߣʵǿžǾԳ֣Ҳܱסݳ롣ȻˣԼ̻ᣬ͹˾Գʵ֪ӵնɱ۷޵ߵʵ̬ûôˡ
Ȼˣ񽭺ͽ᳤̻ܻҲΪԲ̻˺򣬾Ͳڤǽƻôһˣڤǵĳ÷ûնɱԣ񽭴˴ɳǣֻҪ¶⣬ǾþԲԸ񽭶֡
ˣ̻ĳϸˣѾ˳š
סĿž⡣
ǰԴ˵̻˻һڴھʯɳǣʱЩšڣ̻ˣһǸмĳϡΪģ빥ɳǣ񽭲ֻһ
ţɡԵͷ
Ѹת뿪ú󣬱Ÿٴǰ
񽭿ԣҲϸ𾪲ѣΪ̫һЩ÷ᵽԵʱҲ˵ԿᣬԣǾ÷˼۷ĸ񽭣Ѿܸ֪ԵϢǿɲǸıòòά״̬Ϳصġ
Գ񽭶ԾԹ˹֡
񽭵̬ȣأûư
߳ϣŴЦЦҲĹ˹֡
ԳˣԳڿǴˡСС֪һλԳ˵
΢С
̵˵߳ϴ˴ιɽһǧھʯˣ
ûй̸żɽ
Գ᳤ܻΪȷʵڤǵĳ÷ˡΪˣҲӦöԾԳԺɳǽ⳥һǧھʯҴˡҲûӡ
˵ͬʱȡһ﷨ݸԣһǧھʯ
Գ˵ƷҪ֮ǰڤǣ÷̫Ҳ̫ˣǽ̻ԴǸ⡣ԳȻƷڿٴνסģ۸ó⣬֮ǰ飬ᷢڶΡ񽭻˵
Цˡ
ķչԤеȫһ̻ᣬȻǲЩƷ̻ɳһλߵĳԹҪĿĿҲΪЩƷǡ⳥һǧھʯɸˡҲΪԼֳʵý̻ɳ
̻ỹгġ֮ǰڤǷ飬ֻһССᡣЦ
ԣֻһᡣ÷ˣǽ̻ڲҲĴáҲ̻лԳûֱɱ÷򡣡
ãܺãǳãһ
ָ΢΢һһ﷨֣׳񽭱㽫﷨ӵС
һ㿴˴﷨ڵĶʮƷ
Ȼǰ÷˵ʮƷۼôƷϵļ⻹ǲ鴤̻ĳϣҲδһӼ˶Ʒ
ԳҿɷЩƷóѹеļԾԵ
߳⡣ֵ̧̧
񽭣㽫ƷһȡϸĹ۲ϡԽɫԽ졣
ö
Ǻö
ЩƷһֵǧھʯ굤ҩҲĳھʯļ۸񡣵Ȼ۸񣬶Ҫܶ׼˽Ľף۸ԻһЩƷǾԵĽλֻҪģܼͨҡ
ԳЩǽ̻Ҫˣ۸ɡ񽭿ʮƷ󣬶ԾԵ
΢ЦŸ񽭡
߳ϣ죬һƷûȤЦеʵ
ţžԡ
ʹһɣҲϲ˷ʱּۻۡһֵ
һΣ񽭶ˡ˵ģȷʵҲʵЩƷһǿöԷĸԸѾ޴
񽭣пٵһ飬ÿһƷйۡ
ЩƷļֵǺˡǶ۷徳޵߶ԣǶһµ֡
񽭣ȷʵҲѹۡλԳѹܴȻᣬø񽭸Ϳ͸ҲһԲϣλĳͽˡԼãλĳʵǻҪ
ΪףΪ˽˳ֻܺҧһ߼ˡ


2428 ǧ
ɳ֮ǰ᳤̻ܻ볤ϸ񽭱Ƚϸµ̸ھжʮƷ顣᳤ܻˣҲ񽭼Ȩ˵񽭱ڽ̻ܲзǳߵĵλֻҪ̫ԼҲ
ԳʮƷҼһ¡ΪЩƷƷʶܺãǽ̻Գǧھʯ
Գ۸Ҳܸ߼۸񡣡Ǻıһֵġ
óʮƷǾһ׼ɽտҲھʯҲҪܶɱġǧھʯһߵļ۸ˡ
۸񣬾к⡣˵ʵʮƷǧھʯȫﵽԤˡ˵ǧھʯһҲǲԡĺɳǣȷʵҪԴн衣ɳǣÿ춼ҪͶھʯȻԴ
Ȳ˵˵ѾõཨЩöΡԼ󷨣ҪԴȻˣȽɳǵ޵߶ˣȻЩʱԱͨȡ׬׬Ҳֱӡ
߳ϣǽ̻Ȼг⡣
ǧھʯô˵ˡԺܸɴ˵
Գǧھʯǽ̻ҲһԸ塣ת
ţ߳⻰ʲô˼ü
Ҫᣬû˼ֻǣӽھʯӴǽ̻ҲҪʱ׼æ͵
˵Ҳʵ
̻ȻȻھʯòǺٻ洢ôھʯֻ̻׼˶ھʯҲҪʱ£
߳ιϲûдھʯɣ۾΢С
Գɳǣһǧھʯ֮⣬ϻһǧҵھʯҿԣȽһǧھʯ㡣µһǧھʯҪʱ׼񽭳Ͽҵ
һǧھʯǸɳʱ̻ܹõȫھʯֻˡ
ð죡ЦЦ
µһǧھʯ̻ԴеָֿۡߵȼԼɵҩƵĲҲԣϡеĿʯҲҪŪһЩĵ͸ˡԼ˵
̧Ŀ˿ԡ
һֵĸоþԳ֮ǰЩ⡣
߳ϾΣǽ̻ľҵӪȻǾӪǷϣڵԴӦҲϤɣԴ˸񽭵˼
ȻȻ
ԴֿھʯˡڣҾͿԴѶ᳤ܻܲ˽ԳҪĶ͹æ˵
һ¼Գ㽫Ҫĵҩ˵һ£ϴѶܲ
ԱҪ˴ĸߵ񵤺ͻɵֻиϡеϺͲʯԴý̻⣬ԺõЩ
֮⣬ϣ̻ܰŪһЩƷɵĵԼȽĵԵ
һʱ䣬һֱǣǿҲҪġԾԵǿԸĽõҩɵԼƷʸߣûУǾҲΪ
ɸΪ״
ҲԴԴѶȱȴ취ѶȻҪöࡣԾܴ죬ҲҪܶܶʱ䡣ڣΪȱٵľʱ䡣ֱ򵽵ͼˡ
üԳĻǱȽϳĵŪɾԳҪƷɵĵѡڴ͵ϣЩҲǺټġ
Գʶ㣬Ҳ֪ĺ죬ߵȼɵʦ١һЩɵʦܳڣȴһֱܽ߼ɵʦȱľƷɵǽ̻ᣬҲŪ̫ƷɵԳֻҪһƷɵ̻ỹ취ٶ࣬Ǻѡҡҡͷ˵
ⲻдʣȷʵôһ
ڵ͵磬УڵҩĶǵǱȽϡȱġ
ԽԽá߳ϣͷİæҰɡҶ٣Ҳǲ˾͸Ľ׵ġ԰ڰֵ
ãҾ񽭵ͷ
΢΢һȻ˵Գ֪ԲȱĵûȤ
ȱԿ˿񽭡
ԣǽ̻ᣬвٲȱĵЩмصĵҩкܶԭƷǳߵɵֻΪԭʷʧϧı


2429 
ʷϣڳֹһЩƷɵƷɵкܶ඼ˡЩɵƷеĳʧֿܶûˣҲеĽһЩȱĵ
кܶڵɵʦϵĳԶԲȱвȫҪȫѶҲǼ󣬳ɹʺܵ͡Ҫ֪һȱĵȫҲҪ֤ģЩ漰ĵҩ쳣ֵͬˣÿʧܣǶǼʧҪɹȫ֪ʧܶٴΡ
˵ʧܸٴܳɹȫĶǺˡĿǣʧܼٴǧκ޷ȫɹ
Ϊˣȱĵֵһ㶼ܵͣЩĵҩҲ˻ỨǮ̻ĵطʱõȱѿٴֻܶѷˣȻЩȱˡ
񽭼Ҫ˵ôһ䡣ȻҲԳ²ҪЩȱĵ
ȱԣȴǹâ˸
Գȱǽ̻ڲͱ˺ܶࡣ˵ʵЩҲԸһ߼ۡҪǽ̻һܵ͵ļ۸㡣ֻǣõЩȴֺôʱɲܹǡ񽭵
⻰˵
λԳȻǺ۸ˡڲѻ˵ֻ¶ˡڽϳһʱ̻ᶼڲԸԡ
ǺǡЦ
Ÿ񽭵Щȱ۸ȽϺʣǲõҶԲȱҲһЩȤ
ãû⡣񽭵ͷ
ֱӸ᳤̻ܻܲѶ뾰ԳĽ᳤ܻԸ񽭳ǧھʯʮƷҲûòףǱȽָ֧񽭡᳤ܻøʱںɳǣ̰˽ҩ͸ֲɳǡ
֮ҪںɳǣҲ³⡣
Ʒ̫ˣһڸ뿪ɳʱ䣬뾰ԽףǾǽ̻ʧˡ
ʵʱ뿪Ҳ˽ףѾпͷЭ飬ԲΥЭ顣˵˲֪ôƷ֪Ϣģֻȼ˶ѡڤǵĳ÷֪÷ʳѰܲĴὫϢ˵ȥһеĻ᳤ȫ飬Ѿˡ
ʣµľǾԲй¶ƷκϢ
óǣ
ûж𣿡˫ü
Ķ棬վһˡ
ǵģѾںɳס˼죬ǱɳǷɳǵЩԱͶʵǳǮѴЩԱеõõϢ˵ͷ˵
ʱ䣬óǺٷǶɳ̽ӶźɳǣǵõϢޡ
̻ĳϸ񽭵ɳǣԲʦΪλںɳǲߣ˺ܷѽ⡣ѵ̻ɳǻʲôײɣ
飡
ǺͻơɳλнףҲѰආ֪ġɳǼӳӳƺǾԳģھʯҪȻֻ˰ֽץʡ˵
УĿǰԲôҡͷ
Цڤ¼һʱ䶼ûǽɳԸ߲ץһǾԳ֪ڤǾԵסԷġ
˺׶Ը̻ھͲˡ̻ɲóǱС
Ӻɳǰɣ񽭽ΣС̻ܲǰɳǣҪʱע̻Ķóǵĳ˵
ǣӦһϢ˳ȥ
ͬģٷҲǲķӦ
ھƲʵ£ЩҲԺɳ֡ںɳδֱвǵ֮ǰǲżʦڵΧ˺ɳǡȻЩ˼ɵҪԭ򣬻ǾԱֳʵԲǿЩ˷ʱ;ɳĨ³Ҳˡ
ɳǣס
ˣһҴԡ
һԶһЦЦ
ˣķԸһֱɸӵԱڷţҷһǿӳԱһ΢΢Щ˵
ţ˭㽫˴𣿡վĿһʵ
ǿȣʵ崿ȡԴӽܱ߼ǿ֯ձ󣬾Աһ츳ӦЩձԱ崿ȡ


2430 ޶
һʱԾһ츳齨һ֧깥顣
֮ǰձĸǿ֪֯Ⱥҵӵнϸ߻츳˿ϣ󣬵һһ£ܷһǶǴ׬ˡ
ˣѾˡһ
Ӧ޵ߵľҲɣһıȽϴһҲֻܸӦˡ˵ҲкܶҪæԳѾһֻҲ뾡罫ŻգȻ֤ԼİƷгһԼĻ
һõӳԱ
ˣͲ̫󣬲ҲѾڤվΪ
ˡ˶ԾԼ
ضʲô֣Цʵ
سˣҽж꣬ԭǿĳԱ
ʱ껹֪һԼҪʲôЩ
ʵϣһӦЩ˾ǰнеģÿˣԷ崿ȲߵĻʲô˵ġ꣬һһӦӵм崿ȵ޵ߡ
꣬Ϊһޣʵ
ޣһ㶡
Ȼ֪ޣȻԲ󣬿Ҳˣô֪ܲʲô
޶һ޵ߣȷʵ̫ңԶˣ񶡺޵Ȼ֪ޣȴδĻޡкܶ޵߿ҲޣһǸͷֱ治
ͺһҲǻޣЩ޵˭֪һǻޣͬǻޣЩ֪ͬǻݡ
ԣԵͷ
꣬вĻ츳Ϊޣԡ˵
ҡҶԻ޲ûо鰡굱ȻΪޡ
ǣԻ޺޾飬Ҳ֪
ûйϵԸ⣬Ժ͸һ߰ɣָ㡣ЦЦ
һˡ꿴һ
ʲôˣԺ͸ߣеĹ㲻ˡһԶ
һȥɣúýԵ
һ뿪󲻾ãΪɳӳʯ˶ԡ
ˣ죬ɳǵ޵ԽԽˡЩƺûںɳ˼ֻǽпϵ뿪ˡΪпһЩ̽ӡʯ˶
̽ӱⲻ˵ġЩðߵҩûУʲôѡɳԲĵ
ǡǲӦҲǷѣʯ˶ü
⼸ɳǵ޵ԽԽ࣬ͳƣÿе޵ҲˡЩȡǷѣÿһھʯÿҲȡھʯˡ
ڻȡǷѡǷѵ飬ԺҪȻὫܵġ԰˵
һкķѶ٣
ھʯǶǻˡԣȻΪӬͷСԶϸĿ÷ųԶ
ǣʯ˶Ҳٶ˵

ɳǲѽ
ɳǽֵϣһϲε޵ߣܵĽг޵
ţȷʵܲŨ̶Ȳ͡Ҹо֮óЩУһ˵ͷ
ȷʵȽŨƺҲֻǡƺûе¥פɳǡ˵ûУҩȴûСһ޵ǵͷҡͷ
룬ⵤ¥ӦҲеġɳǵĳ벻һ㣬һ취һЩںɳǾӪ¥˵޵ߵ
ʱǲ̫ܣЩӪ¥ֻ²פɳǰɣ˲úɳĵ¥פ
ںɳǣ̸ۣѾ洦ɼ
Ϊڤ飬úɳڲǸð߻ɳǿԶһЩе޵ðߣҲϾʱֲҪɽǷѡȻںɳǾסҪҵȥ¥
ʱ䣬ֹ졣
һգ̻һλϼ˺ɳǡλϣڽ̻ܲλҪȸ񽭲һأʵҲֻڲΡ
ֽ棬ӽ̻ᣬ˴ĵҩ͸ϡ
Գλǽ̻泤ϡ񽭶ԾԽ档
ԳԾԹ˹
֮ǰ᳤ܻ֣ضǾǰԲưҪ㡣ȻҲ̫˽̻ӡ
泤ϺáԶ˵ͷ
濴˿񽭣һ﷨񽭡뾰֮ĽףǸ񽭸ֻǽĵҩԴνף֣ȫɸ񽭾


2431 ǧҶ
ֵһǧھʯĸֵҩͲϣȻǼӴġ
񽭣ȴӺҩ
ƷʵԼɵÿһΪλģһЩļĵҩǸߴʮơûý̻ṩͨ񵤣Ϊ޵ʵһ㶼ǱȽǿģڤվΪµĺٺ١طͨ١
Щҩļ۸񣬽̻ҲȽϵͣȻˣ̻Ҳһ㲻׬ԶԵҩ۸Ƚ⣬ڼ۸ϼû顣
ҩ֮󣬾ǸݡɲݻĿʯϡ
泤ϴĲϼ࣬ԴѡȡǣֻҪϵľѡҪˡ
һЩĵţһƷɵһƷɵŵֵ͸ߴǧھʯ⻹ۡʣµģǲȱ
˵ȱкܶ࣬ǽ̻Ĳȱˣʮ֮ࡣЩȱ۸񼫵ͣҲھʯ
Զ۸Ҳûּۻۡ
ʱ䣬νײȫ
ǣ̻õʮƷõһǧھʯͼֵһǧھʯĸֲԴ
ԳŲȱɵʦھʯҪ򣬵ǽ̻û
׽泤ͻȻóһŵԾ˵
ЩҲһֿʯ뷨ϲͬһ֣Ҳһ͡뷨һҲһеĵһеһᡣǱ治ƣҲ𻵡
Ѷȼ󣬵ʦҪһ˿޵һַ򵥡㵤ʦֵҩѶҲǷǳǳУҲǣǵͲôˣʦһֵҩƷɴģвͨġ
ŶԿ泤еĵ
ǰʮŲȱܼ۲ھʯ泤еһŲȱͼֵھʯ
ŽƷɵҲ߰˰ھʯѣһƷɵŶھʯ
泤еĲȱصľʲôҩ
泤ϵĲȱĪļƷɵʵ
ɵ񵤵泤ҡͷ˵
ԳҴӽ̻֮ܲǰ᳤ܻ˽ҽйȥҽⵤҡ᳤ܻ˵ԳԲȱȤǽ̻ͽŲȱ͸㡣泤˫ֽȱ͵ǰ
ԽӵС
Գ֪ʲôˡ泤˵
Ҳúܣʲô񵤣Ż˿ֲļֵȱȻֵھʯң̻Ᾱûھʯ۸˲ȱ
񵤣Ǳɵһġ
ǡǺɫ΢΢һ
񽭺һۣ˶ԾЦЦ
ԳѾǶ˾Ͳˣʹ˸ǡͬʱԾԹ֡
ãҾͲλˡԺпУʱɳԵͷ
Խ˹͸뿪ɳǡ
ԼϸĲ鿴Ųȱ񵤵
ǧҶ
񵤵֣ǧҶ
ԣδ˵ֵҩ֣ȻҲû
ϸ鿴󣬾ȷֽǧҶеĹЧ⹦Ч޵߾Ҳ崿ȡ
Դʳǵ򣬴һЩܹǿȵĵҩʳǵ򣬾ԶûĵҩȷʳǵֹЧĵҩҲԼϡ١
ҲǣкܶǧҶЧƵĵҩô޾Ͳôˡ
޵ΪκѳΪޣϰǾǿȡ
ҪǿȣԻһЩֻҪ㹻ĴۣĵҩݡɲݣҪ崿ȣǼֱܡ
ǧҶֱ޵ߵ崿ȡ⹦ЧЩˡ
޵ܵõֵҩ崿ȣǺôǡ
Ȳ˵ܷΪޣʹõҩҲﲻ޵ı׼崿ȵҲʵʵܹ޵Ǳӵġ޵ƿͻƣƾ崿ȡо绹ǲǶҪ崿Ⱥǿȵġ
޵žǿҲ᲻ϵǿⴿȣȴġ
Ŀǰ޵֪ģҲֻɵ۴ܹ޵ߵ崿ȣɵһ޵ߵ崿ȣҲҪܴĴۡң޵߻Ϊܲסֱ
벻ֵҩڣԺһ


2432 
ǧҶܹƳںɳǵ¥ӰɾͲˣǾܷ졣Ӧ˵ӰԪ
ҩĹЧ޵ջ̫󣬾֮޵Ҳһ޷Ȼ֮
ѹ֣ѹеʦԸ⸶ھʯһŲȱȻȫѣһɹǿ˲á
ǧҶƷֻ񵤼ɵǡ
ҿԲȫѰ˼š
ǧҶƷƾԲסⵤҪȫضҲѡҲҪ˵ʦ벹ȫ˵ûʲôϣǷھУȫϣȴܴΪԱ崿ȼ覵ģʦ޷ӵеľ޴ơ
˿µĵҩȻȱˣҲûԿŲȱϧҡҡͷ
ֵҩһֱڣôڻԪĻ֪ٱ޵Ϊ崿ȵʵҲڸܻ߳ܶ࣬һЩɵۼ
ϾԴϾ
Ͼ𣬺ܿ˾Եס
һʱ䣬ϾҲΪ࣬Ϊ˽ɳǣһֱæµ֮СϾԸ⣬Ϊ˾ԽУˣϲá
ԣϾһ
ϾԾ޲ɷһϮɫȹס
ȻϾǰ¶棬ΪòҲвСˡֻǶ˲ֻ֪֣֪ǾߵŮˡ
Ͼɵ¥ͽӪˣЩǸողɹĵҩϾ׼һ£⼸ڣǵĵ¥ӪҵɡԽǰӽ̻Ĵߵ񵤺ͻɵϾʱԼסĲƷƷɵ
ٹһʱ䣬ӦþͿԽеƷɵƳ
ȻЩҩ޷úɵ¥ЩƵ¥ȣɶЩð˵Ҳ㹻ˡ
ãġϾӹ﷨
뾰һᣬϾ뿪ȥæˡ
ԣǧҶĲȱоԪ鵤һƷɵѾо˵һʱˡԸоõԼò˶ãƳԪ鵤Ʒɵ

ǣ
Уһڵĳǿڲʦ࣬ƳƷɵĵʦ죬԰ڣ˵˲֪˲ĵҩ֮һǳ԰ڡ
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С̻ЩǿϽа塣ΪЩǿĵҩҲкܴһֶɹڰڡ
ɲҪΪǿڲʦܶΪսԽڵսǳǿе̳ڣкܶ۷弶Ŀ䳤ϡЩ䳤ڰûʲôʵȨȴԸΪ֣ΪǶӰڵõĺô
ѳְڵĴڣһλˡ
ǵĳֽв壬ǰڳԱҲһɵʦܹƲƷɵƷɵ
УǵҩĳСǵİ¥Ҳ޵߹ҩȥĵ¥еĲٳУа¥ڡǵİ¥ڰ¥ܲ
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˵忴ܹһۣ
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ܹܵĻϵ¶һĨЦݡ
ɳǸԣһЩֶΣС˴ˡӦӴһˡĿ⿴Զˣ˵
γҡܹܵ
ǣܹܹС˳ȥ
γǻǰ¥ܡǵİ¥ܵ¥ĸˣ塣γĵλзֲ¥¥ࡣȨҲСλܸߡ
γܿ͵˲ǰ
ˣңγСʵ
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֪Ǻɳǡǻ֮⡣γæͷ
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ףȥɳǡǰ¥פɳǣϲ᲻ԸءγӦЦ˵
ȥɣ˰֡
λԱóǡٷЩеĳԵ硣ҲƽʱЩڲǰҪһͷΪǰڵˣͬʱɫɵʦ


2433 ӳⷽ
γ˳󣬲δ̾ǰɳ̸פˣһЩ׼פɳǶ԰¥˵ż
γ֮ǰ⼸ʱӻǾһϢ¥Ҫںɳǿֲ¥һϢҲǰ¥ųȥġ
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ںɳǵľԣȷʵܿ͵õ˰¥ųϢ
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£һ£ԱаսԪ鵤Ƴ
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ɳǣ֮⡣ԵĺɳǣֻһţǶţҲԳΪеšȻˣڵĳֻڳǣҪġ
һգɳһͲѰ޵ߵˣȺǲΪˣ߼лӳⷽٵ˸һ֣˲ٽɳǵ޵ߡ
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2434 פ
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γĽɳǡ
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Ҵʱһγܣƺû˯Ѱɫ˵
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2436 ɵ¥ҵ
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ͻȻЦҶλԳԽԽȤˣʲôˣлᣬҵԼ
λԳᣬѰˡɳûð߽ӦҲþżϻġ΢΢ͷ
ںɳǳԱ񣬽̻ϲּ֮ǰǾͶˣа顣̻ĸ߲㣬̡

Űڲںɳǿֲ¥ϢҲûмҪںɳǿֲ¥ǰɳǵ޵ߡðԽԽˡ
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λų۹⵹ǲ


2437 һ۶
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ȻˣһΪбȽǿۿۣЩ޵ð߶ᾡܶ๺ҩȽ۸ָ۶ͲôˡҪǣڵһɳǹҩĶǸе޵ߣʱƣоɳǸԶ޵ߡð
ֻҪɵ¥ĵҩ۸񣬱г΢һ㣬Ǿܱһ
֮ҲһⲻܺԵǾǣҩĿ档
һЩɵƷɵԿƲ٣Ļɵ͸ߵ񵤣Ҳû취ûǸʱ;Դӽ̻ɹ˲оǧھʯĸֵҩ治٣ûвԴͷһյġ
Ծ͵úúÿˡǺɵ¥ĻͲȹ̡ڣһЩʱ䣬ڿ֮ǰ뻹һµʱ׼
ϾöҩԽһƿݸϾ
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ԣǾԪ鵤ƳˣϾĿžԣЩš
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Ͼɵ¥ҵ㽫Ԫ鵤ڳУһҵĵʦݡɵ¥Ҫʦ롣룬ܹƷɵɵʦӦһֵʦԸɵ¥۾гһЦ˵
ã֪ôϾ˵ͷ

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ڳ޵ߣȫһͣΪǴϾϣܵ˼Ϊ嫵ڤվ޵ߵģӦ


2438 Ʒɵʦ
λ޵Բλĺɵ¥¥ȻȻ֮ǿߣ
ڴ֮ǰ켸û֪Ͼ֮Ͼ¶٣ںɵ¥ҵ֮ǰ֪Ͼֵ޵ӦöûͻȻ֪Ͼ¥ǿߣôܲ𾪣
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Ԫ鵤ƷɵһŵҩֵǴﵽھʯ֮ޡ֮޵ߣô˵Ҳõйؼ֮ʱ
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Ϣų𾪲ţ΢תһ룬Ҿ֪Ͼ𲻿˵ٻļٻ̫״ˣһɵʦɳǼһԳͨ򵥵Ľ̸ܱԳǲɵʦ˵ɵ¥ǺɳԼĲҵǿ϶ҲƸĵʦ룬Գɵʦʲôõʦŷ


2439 
Ȼˣվкܶ˻ǲžԳƷɵʦ
ˣϢѾˣλͿԹɵˡգгɵһɾۡϾһֵ
Ҫʮʴǵ
ʴǵһֶҲǱȽϳõĵҩð߹˵ǿϡֶܹʵ͡һʴǵֵھʯңһʮھʯҲǱȽϴֱˡ
Ҫʮš
ɵ¥𱬵⣬У
ǣ
ܹǰոսӵ̽ӴӺɳǴϢ
Ϣ𣿡忴ܹܽʵ
һʱ䣬ǲˣպɵ¥ҵϢ͸ŭˡ
ţɳ̽ӣѾһЩɵ¥Ϣܹܵ˵ͷ˵̽յϢɵ¥ıЩһ
ʲôһҵҪһҰڶŸɣش˴ݺȵںɳǿ赤¥ǾҰΪУ
ԵĿ׺֮ɫǾԿŲ¥㲻þԺù
ܹϸֿЦ顣
ˣɵ¥ƺںɳԼĲҵܹܿЦҡͷ˵
Ҳû뵽ɳԼ赤¥
ʲôһ㶡
ûɵ¥ǺɳԼĿԣ뿪һ䵤¥̫ˣڣкܶ೬ǿûԼĵ¥ǿȫһЩʦѴǮ뵽ڵɵʦЧ뿪¥ȴûôס
ɵ¥¥ϾĿǰյϢһֱھߵġڽ죬Ͼɵ¥ںɳУǾһƷɵʦݣǾԪ鵤ƷɵƳҹóˡܹܻ˵š
ˣԱеĻҪѲöࡣս뺷ȻƷɵʦ
ĿǰϢʵԻûüȷ¾ð˾ŲʮǾԲɵʦôеܾǰأܹ̾һ
ɫࡣ
飡ҲǺġ
ǣܹæӦ

ںɳ⣬һɫӣһȺ˵ȴɳǡ
Ⱥ˵ܣ޵߶վԶһĵطʱ޵ߣη֮ɫǺɫƮ
ˣֽһ
һ֣ɱóǵȳгöࡣ죬зǳǿĸ߲һҪ֡
ˣһðŵųðţð֮һһҲһλдɫʵųʵǿʹﵽ۷֮
ðţһģСĳзͻбȻǳǿҲһˡһðţ˿Ǹ˫ͻӾ磬վһսǸʧǸճ
һսһԼð
һһ¥¼Ƿڳʤصءһɱ۷εޡһս춯أһͷɱҹսɱ˵ʱһЩ֮ǿ߶ʤصۿǳս
ҲΪⳡսһʵ۷һ
ڣһðŲ˺ɳǡ
ŵĳСӳϾϳһѸٵȥ
һŶӽкֱ˺ɵ¥
Ͼ¥һϾ󣬹˹ֵ
Ͼ֪ǣϾһ
һûд߶ϾҲоһͬѰ
Ͼ¥λðųһˣһһˣǰһϾ˵
ԭһǰϾٴμ
ʵϾѾǰ֪ǰðųһ
һ˽ڣɳǹ̵õϢһһȺˣֱɵ¥ʯ˶˵ȻҪϾҽݱϾ
Ͼ¥ؿһǳһ¡
ʱڵ¥ڻв޵ߣһ˽Щ޵߶ÿҲû˼Ͼ¥ҩˡ
˵ɵ¥ƷɵԪ鵤һϾʵ
һ仰˵ܵ޵ɫ΢΢һ
ǰϾ¥˵ɵ¥оԪ鵤ۣδҪ˵ԱһЩ˶Ժɵ¥Ƿд˵۴ɡʱһǿԵѯʾԪ鵤ɵ¥ò˵һưոݡ


2440 Ľ
ðŵųɲƢܺõˡɵ¥ˣ˵ͻᷭ˺ɵ¥˵ĴڣλԳԹδõס
ɵ¥оԪ鵤ۡϾЦ
ţɷ񽫴˵óһ˵ͷ˵Ԫ鵤ˣ벹һЩźɳǺɵ¥ۣòܵǵİ¥ˡ
¥ܶжзֲƷɵ۵İ¥ֻлǵܲһֲ¥ûƷɵ
ų鿴ҩϾһƿȡһ
һ˳ƽӵУûʲôĴƿһ˿˽ȥƬ̺ĿһϵϢڼ̵ʱһ¡
ɵ¥оԪ鵤ۣ
ӦˣϾ¥óٵŪһų˰ɣ
ڵ޵ߣܵ͡
һЦһգĿٴתϾϡ
õ˵Ʒʼߡǰ¥ľԪ鵤ƷҲ˵ƳԪ鵤λɵʦǷǳһͷһеľԪ鵤
Ͼ¥֪˵ۼ۶٣һûнеҩϾֱʵҩļ۸
ڻǵİ¥ܲһžԪ鵤۸һھʯ
ɵ¥ľԪ鵤ƷҪȰ¥ľԪ鵤һ۸ӦһЩ
ɵ¥ľԪ鵤ͬһöھʯΪ˵ǳ浤ҩûۿۡϾӦ˵
һھʯһЩ
ţƷʵľԪ鵤۸ӦûһǧھʯϡһǧھʯӦö˹ȴû뵽ɵ¥۴˵ҲֻҪһöھʯļ۸Ժ¥¥ľԪ鵤һܼӰ졣
ԣһöھʯϾȷϡ
ãʮžԪ鵤һ֪ɵ¥㹻Ĵ
ųõģҪһٿžԪ鵤Һɵ¥ھõóϾһ֣һƿɳ
Ԫ鵤ɲѰҩһƿֻʢһšϾʮŸƿһ
һҲЩƿһһ鿴ϾǼֵھʯĶһųⶼʧ޴󡣽еľԪ鵤鿴ϣһǳ⡣ʮžԪ鵤ûκ⣬ƷȫϵȡƷʵҩʹãҪڰ¥ȵطľԪ鵤ЧҪϺܶࡣ
µҩһҲˬĽʮھʯȽϾ
һû뿪ɵ¥ֲɹ˴ĸֵҩðţһǳӴðţڲԱڶ࣬Եҩܴÿιҩܾˡοɵ¥ĳ浤ҩо۵ۿۡ
ðųںɵ¥ɹҩƷɵԪ鵤Ϣ󣬺ɵ¥ĳ״ˡ
ûΪһɳϷһĴڣǳǿ붯Ϸ˵һ³ˡҲ˵ɵ¥Ʒɵȷʵܺãʵۺ
ڶ죬ɵ¥۶Ǳȵһ컹Ҫ١һ۶ﵽһʮھʯðŲɹĵҩ͸ߴʮھʯ
ֺ֪Ҳǵһ
¥׬Ǯ
ɵ¥ߵ񵤺ͻɵǴӽ̻ṺģԼЩҩ׬ھʯࡣ
һ¥֧ţóתȥˡҲݵ˵
ӵ쿪ʼɵ¥ĵҩۿ۾ȶھŰۣǰҩ޵ð𽥱һЩڰº󣬾ͱȽȶˡÿ۶϶ܴﵽʮھʯϡ
µʱ䣬ɵ¥֣ۼȻﵽһǧ֮ޡ֣ľˣҪ֪Űµʱ䰡
źɵ¥۳𱬣вҩҲʼˣΪɵ¥ĵҩ۸г΢һЩúܶԺɵ¥˲ǶԺɳǶԾԱԹİڣǶڹɵ¥Ϊɵ¥ƻгҪĵʦǰɵ¥
Щ飬ȫǣҲûκεĻӦڵľǧҶϡʱƣԶǧҶƽչҲԡ
Ե崿̫ˣɵʦ飬˵Ҫ׺ܶࡣ
ʱһĹȥ
ɵ¥ҲӸƸһЩ۵ߡϾ𣬾ͲüԸ۵ҩֵͼˡ
һգɵ¥ڣͻȻһЩݵˡЩˣȫǵʦ
Ϊ׵ϵʦѾܴˡ
Ⱥ˵󣬱ҪϾ¥ǱԼǵʦݣԵ¥Ҳд󣬱ȥͨϾ¥
λǵʦ𣿡ϾܿԽӽȺˡ
Ⱥ˼Ͼվ
Ͼ¥𣿡Ϊ׵߿ʵ
ϾϾͷ
Ͼ¥϶һƷɵʦǡ϶ȽԼֽߵһȺˡ


2441 ûҪ
Ⱥˣһλ϶ʦܣ϶ʦֵ˵ӵܡȷʵǵʦݣֻ֮϶һɵʦ˶ʦĵʦ
ϵʦǡ뵽ɵ¥𣿡Ͼ΢΢
;ԵȵʦЧһˡ
ĺɵ¥ûκʦĵҩԽԽ٣ϾҲżǻûеʦɵ¥ǾԾֻ취ɹҩΪڵӰ죬ɵ¥ɹҩѶȿɱ֮ǰöࡣһǲҩɵ¥гǿ°ڣǿҲὫҩ۸̧ߺܶ࣬úɵ¥ͼ
ɵ¥ʱĻۣ̫ҩۺ죬Ժɵ¥Թ޵Ҳ١Щ¶źɵ¥Ŵ󼪡
뷨ǻھ֮ǰһˡ˵ɳǵĳƷɵʦ϶˿ߵ˺תĿϾ˵
û⣬Ժ˴ӦúܿͻλʦԵƬ̡Ͼ϶˵
Ͼ˷󣬱Դ
ԵõϾĴ󣬷ͷĹɵ¥
ɵ¥϶ڵķС
ʦλԳƷɵʦ𣿴ţδؿţһȽĵʦ˫ü϶
ǲƷɵʦǼԳ֪ˡ϶ҡҡͷ
һԳô죿ǿǣΪֻ¡ĵʦ˵
̻ᶼ㲻λԳһȺʦʲôԳ
֮֮϶΢΢ҡͷ˵֮ҵ֮ˣҪȻҲᴩ·;ĺɳѰһᡣ
ʦ˵ǣˣܹҪһԳġڵûôڣҲùʦ۾һ϶ߵ굤ʦ
̸ʱٴα򿪡νģˣһǸղǼϾ¥һǿ޵ߡ
λʦλǺɳǵĳ˾ԡϾ϶˽ܾԵݡ
ˣ
ǰ
϶æվԾԼ
λʦضϾ˵Ƕǵʦݣɳ𣿡Կżɽ˵
ʮʦô൤ʦҲϲõúܡܽȺʦôɵ¥ĸߵ񵤺ͻɵͺýˡȻʮʦάֵ¥ҩۻѶȣʱѹǶȹˣԺȻиĵʦɵ¥
˵仰϶ĵĶһۡ
϶ԾԹ˹˵Դˣȷʵ뷨
ǰΪɵ¥Чǿԣǡ֪ǰ㾿ǲƷɵʦݡǰƷɵʦǿܲںɵ¥϶ʦܹŲӵ
ԸȻȽֱӣЩη徰Եĸʵǽ˵ǰͷǣǱƷɵʦġ
۾΢΢һУŴˡ
ʲôʵ
ǽ衣ʦ֡衱Լָָ֣϶˵
衵ʦЦҿԸ㣬ƷɵʦǼɵ¥һѡ񡣡
ǰտƾ֪ܷ֤ԼƷɵʦݡǰ֤ʦֵܻеǣԸΪɵ¥Ч˵
˵ʱ϶δֹںģǾԵƷɵʦݡ
ĿȺɨ
Ҫ֤أЦʵ
Ҳ򵥣ǰֻҪǵ棬һ¯ƷɵɡžǰܹƾԪ鵤һ¯ƷɵӦúסֻҪǰǰƷɵƳǾˡĿתת˵
ǰƷɵʦǾһǽǰƵҩǲܽҩƷѧġԣǰҲõľ͵ѧƷɵĵֲһ䡣
ǺǡЦ
衣Ƚ˼
֪ǵ˼Զһ˵
ȷǲƷɵʦԭ޷Ǿ֪ܲڵһ;ϰ衵ѣ˵ö԰ɣԵ
ô˵衹Ųӵͷ
ûҪǰƷɵ԰˰֡
衡϶ˣɫһ䡣Գܾɵǿ϶ûǿǿӲĻ˵
ǰܵǡǰ뿪衵ͷݺݵıһŽ仰˵
һֵǼȻˣͱˣ
衵ɫʱ䣡


2442 ָ
ȻȻԣҪǿǣ
ǱᣡǶǵʦӦöԼ֮ǰƹĵҩ԰ɣڣÿ˶ԼƵõҩóҿоͿԡЦ˵
϶˲׾ô⣬ڻһۺ󣬶ϵóԼƳõҩ϶ƹƷɵƵĶ񵤡
Բ鿴ЩƵĵҩٶȺܿ죬ÿһŵҩֻɨһۡ
ˣǿԽҩˡƲƲĿ˸ž⡣
衵ʦƷʦɣƵĵҩʦкǿˣɵʦҲԶˡӦñƿܾˡûҲԶƹɵʧˡԻ˵
Ƶ񵤣ԾܿЩϢȺУ϶֮⣬ǿľ衵ʦ
㡭ô֪衴һŵžԡ
ȺˣǴӼΪңԶĵطɳǵġȷԲǰ֪ȺˣҲӦ˵ǵ֡Ȼǵʦݣǲ϶һЩ衵ֻʦѡεǿߣô֪˭֪衵Σ
϶ҲԾĿžԡ
ʦ衳Թƻɵ˵ĵӶǲ֪ġԳô֪
ȱô֪ġ
ҿԸ㣬ʵѾﵽƻɵˮƽˡ֮ʧܣԭʵܼ򵥣ȱһ㲦ֻǣûһѣܻ꣬ҲһӶ޷Ƴɵ
߰ɣȥתŷȥ
˼ֵǶһɣ
϶
߰ɣȥ˵϶
һȺˣžԳ˷䡣ɵ¥ǰȻûĵʦͽˣⴱڣ㽨ڵʮ䡣ÿһ֮ڣþ߶ȫÿڵĵ¯ƷʶǳߡЩ¯ҲǾԶģƷﵽϼˡ
ĵ¯ѶȵģһҪѴǮϾġ
һڣԴ϶˽
óһЩݺɲݲϡ
ָָϣ˵衵ѣȸһЩϡ
衿˿ԣߵϽǰһһĸܲϡЩϣǰͷǳϤˣɵʱҲùд󲿷ֵĲϡ˵Щκһֵļ۸һ
衸Ϻ󣬾ֿ˵ڣ衵˵һ˵ЩϵԶʲô
кѣгš
ʹɲ˿˵ɣ˿һƷɲݣɲݣֲܹ㡣ɲˮԣ̺ط֮ҪǱΪƷɵˮ۵Ҳвٵҩõ˿ʹʱҪȽ衺˳˵һι˿ҩԣ˿ʹʱҪעĵط˵ú
ĵȷʵҲΪʵ
˵˿Եʱ򣬾Ҳϵĵͷ
˵˿ֿʼ˵ڶɲݵԣȻǵ֡Ͻһʱ䣬Žóɲݺ˵ꡣ
衵ѣ˵úܺáһҪĶ˵

Ǻǣ뾰ǰͽ̡˵ԼĵطһЦ
Ҿ˿˵ɣ˿Ϊʲôأʱ򣬻˸ɫĹâЩɫΣ˿״Ϊˣ˿˵
˭֪˵ǵʦѰ޵ߣҲ֪˿ʱɫ˿״Ĺ˸衺ǲ˵
ԣ˶֪һ㡣ǣ衵֪˿ΪʱֹγΪУˮԷ𣿡۾з
ţһ㶡
϶ˣҲסˡ֮ǰҲδ⣬ǿĻ֪ʹþˡ˿ʱɫͷųΪʲôʲôϵأ
ǰҲ˼ѵ˵֪˿ʱΪʲôɫζа衲ĵ
һΣǶʣʡ
˵û
ڣҾ͸㽲һ˿Ϊʲôʱ⣬Ϊʲôеķ֮ˮԡ԰ڰ֣󻺻Ľ
Խʱ̣ܶ仰ͽԭ˵˳衵󣬶¶һȻ֮ɫ˵ıޱͨ׶ǻǲ˽һܶа


2443 ɵʦ
Ϊһʦ˽һֲϵʱ򣬾ڱ档һЩƶûӰ֪ʶǿܾһʦδڵһ;ܹߵһġ
Ҷ˵˿ɲݣֻǾһӰˡֻǣǶԲϵ˽Ⲣеôкܶ࣬ǲ֪ʶԿ˵
ǰ˵е㷽ŽݣȷʵǲġȻȷ˵Щ˿ϢǷȷžǰԵҩȷʵоⲢ֤Ʒɵʦ¿Ƣ
衵ʦҪһЩԿ衡
ʲôʶʡ
ֱǰӶһɫθ֡
ҪִաɫΣ衻ɹȥʱ򣬾ͬʱڡ
衶ɫΣδиоκΣյϢԾ㾰ԲҲȥִ˳衵ɫ
ڣǹڵϢһЩĵãһЩȽ޵Ķ
ЩϢݺܶ࣬һʱЩԣԽԽľͬʱҲһЩʶЩݣĵṩУкܶǰ뵽ȴ֪νļɺͷʦ϶ȻѾƷɵʦڵָܹĵطࡣ
ӴЩݺ󣬱һֱ޷һۿĸоһǰǾ֮ܵĸо
衳УҲżֻЦⰲȴ
϶˵ЩӣȻǺʲô飬ܿ衴ʱ״̬΢ȻҲͲȥ衡
Լһʱ䣬衲ŴЩ̾ϢлָӻЩңǶԵ⣬ѲǼ֮ǰܱȡ
оΣЦ衡
лǰָ㡣衶Ծ
ӿʼ衾ͽоǰôһΡǰֲ㹻ĳ⡣
лңǼɵ¥ǾһˡЦŰ֡
϶˶üƿžԺ衣ϣܹǽͽ͡
ˣһ¯ˮ۵ΣԵ
֮ǰԿƵĸߵ񵤣衵ĵʵ˵֪衾ɵʦѾܽӽˣֻһѡһЩϢֱӴڸ衣ӦƳƷɵˮ۵ˡ
ڣһ㶡
ԣڡ衵ʦĪԼû𣿲ʲôֻҪӳɹġЦŵ
ҡãԿҲû̫ԥӦ
Ϊող˺ܶµĸҲ֤һǰƷɵδɹƳˮ۵Ǿ˵ĸǶԵģȻͬʱҲʽɵʦ֮С
ˮ۵Ǻܻɵ٣ھʯ򵽡ӽɵʦʦȻоˮ۵൤ҩĵ
óĲȫ̾ڵ¥֮ǰơ
ʦʦôˣ
϶һӣ˿衣顣ʦ廹ɾԳǲɵʦôھˣ
Ҳ̫ʦ˾Դ˵ָ㣬ڵͻˡ϶˵
⡭ⲻܰɣ㾰ԴƷɵʦҪָʦ֣ҲɣǵЩš
ſɣ϶ͻȻһ̫˽Լʦˣͻƣǲֱֵġ
˵ܹƳɵɵʦ֮СȻֿԺܵͣǡ
ʦɵʦѶǷǳǳģͨ޵ߴڤվͻƵ֮ҲضˡһΪɵʦǾǺܳĵʦˣЩỶӭĵʦ룬ҴܸߡǵĳҲƷɵʦѡ
衶ǰȻҲԹˮ۵ȫʧˡһΣµĸɹԺУϵĲŵмص裬ҪȷԼÿһߴһ㣬Բֲܳ
Ҳģ˷һʱ䣬ʮʦǺܻο衽ˮ۵ƳôʮʦУﵽɵʦˮƽˡ
ʱˮ۵һǰĵ¯ЩţԼٴʧܡǲɹܻԼɣܻԼⱲӶ޷ɵʦ
һֿ¯ȡٽţⵤҩҲȡ
ҧҧѽзݴ𣺡ȫ
¯򿪣ɫҩɳʱ϶衵ʮʦȫԲ۾ŵҩ


2444 ǧҶ
ˮ۵
ҩƣϢȣˮһᶯ
ڣе˶Ŀɫˮ۵֮ϡ϶衵ˣסƺǵԼһκŴӵ¯Ưˮ۵ɢˡ
ֻоԵȻúܣڵ¯δ֮ǰԾѾ֪ˡ衣ɹƷɵˮ۵Ƴˡ
ʱ衵ǳĺһ֪ҩˣһ¯ɵţɼƷɵʦ˵Ѿܿɹ
ৣ϶Ȼԡ
˼飡
ţ
ʦֵģʦ衵һ֪ʦܾɵʦȷʵӽʦҲǸںܳܳʱ޷ҵͻȻƳɹˮ۵ԲʲôżȻɺϡһУȻλԳϵ
Գ
Ϊʲô̶̵ܹʱڣһʦɹһڵʦԣһֱڤվ̤֮ҪѰ
ǰ衣ԺǺɳǵˣ衶ԾԹּ
ûʦֹͨ˸ɴ˵ԼԺǺɳǵˡⲻʦ϶ǡɾɵʦ֮λݶͬ졣ʦҪ뿪ҲΪЧΪɵ¥Ч
ãܺãǳãˬʵЦһ
ʱ϶˲ʶ֮ǰԳΪ˵ҪƷɵЩʦɵ¥ΪľܹڵԳɾ֤Լ԰ЩʦڵߵøԶô㾰Գɵʦأ
ʦ֣°ɣ衿϶
ã϶Ҳûκԥ
˶£ЩһĵʦȻκε顣
϶ʦ衵ʦ
Ǿںɵ¥ҺܸˡһҪ֪ǵӦǽڲŽİɣת˵
ҪʦˣҺܼе󣬵Ҳ߲ܡɵ¥ɲʲô˶ܽġȻ϶һ˵ıֲа֮ˣԱ˽⡣ʮˣҲееġ
Դ˱ǲʣҲ˵ġ϶ĿУһЩӵ
ɣ˵Ⱥԭ
ǣȷʵееġ
ǵʦţһĵšǳңԶ
϶֮ǰҲȲѣΪǵʦѾˣǱһΪǿʢݻٵġݻٵԭҲܼ򵥣ǵ˴ûмʱĻìܡ£򶼲ټ˵֮еġ
ԭҲɵʦģʦʮλڵ˵ĵˡǣǻһҹ֮ͱˡ
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ţ֪ˡұȽæµҳУȥ޶һˣΪԭָ˵Ե˵ͷ˵
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ʵУûþ˵ģֻΪǶǵĿס˵˵˵ҲͰˡ
Ͼ޶ڣҲһ׶úܣ֮и֮ǿ߶в١ȥһһҪ˵ɲɵ顣
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϶Ҫƻɵ˵ĵǸƸߵ񵤡
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2445 ͹
ĽǧҶƳҳɹƳǧҶֵҩôɵ¥Ӱܹﵽһĳ̶ȣ
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ңӰ첻ھͻϣȵֶεʹϡ
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ţʱǵ͹ˣȡʱ׳ͺáڵĺɳǣǴһЩԵͷ˵
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ҲСģ죬ɵ۴ڳסڵġɵ۵ǿ󣬾¡ڵԶԶûɵԿ


2446 
һ󣬾ԽԼƵɵϾ
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ֱɫ۵ļһɳǣðߣŶɳһһЩˣϵĺˮ˳嶼Щ顣

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ôɳǣѵѵɱɳǾԳ𣿡
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2447 ɱ
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ģ֪ʲô˽ɱǺɳǣʯ˶˻ֱۡ

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ȷʵ̫õ̻ᡢڲͬҡҡͷ⼸ɱִ֪磬ҵҲںĹϰһæǶ֮ǰͨҲֻܳάɳǵĹء
Ե˼ܼ򵥣ɱҵͨҲһҪɱǶ뿪ԼĳСֻҪ˺ɳǣûʲôϵˡɱһ仰˵ڳڶ֣Ҳ֪ܵ
˵ɱʲô˵ڳڶ֣Ҳ˵ǶԾûԣǺúóԡ
˵ĹλеһλϾ˵
ţҲĴţӦġԵ˵ͷЦһҲûʲôڵıҲһλ֧ڣɵ۲ɳǱ㲻þ˭
ԣţ


2448 
оصĺɳǣ뿿ƽɳǵҲǲܣǱضḶصĴۣǳǿ޷Ŀֲۡ
Ȼ˵۷֮ǿУҲҳ뾰ĴڣҪ˵Իܾԣʵǽӽ㡣ϵǿˣҲδھǰ֧Ŷá
ȻˣҲС۷徳ǿߡڻԪʷУܹһЩֵġǾԣҲֻ˵ǽɵ֮޵Уȴ˵ٷְٵɵ֮޵С
ܵ𱮵𣬾ԲСȻޱʷУܵ𱮵֮޵߲ж٣ңЩ˻죬ǷֲԪС

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ʮʱǿԺɳǵķչ׳ûпĴѹЩԺɳǵĴڴûӹǿ̽ӣںɳר˰´ԣɳһʲô鷢̽ӽϢݳȥ
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һɱǳںɳǣΪ˶Ըԡǣ׷ɱ˵Ĵ㱻ټɱ׷ɱڣɱǶɳǣ𰸺ˣںɳڡ建˵

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2449 վ
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ǳɫ۵۷޵ߣֽ޺ơݣҲԭԱǱȽҪĳԱˣɱǲŻ˵޺Ǵ㣬Żɳɱǽ׷ɱ
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ĲԱ
Ǹˡ޺ɣ޺𣡡


2450 
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ǺǣֹɱǶͨ޵˵ġɱĴڣɳֹܽ𣿾ԳҲɣЦһ
ҲѾ뾰ԳͨˡԳɲһǿߡҲøӰɣһƯŮð߿˵
ͻȻһ˺ѷεĲҽд
ҡҵľ¥ҽе޵ߣ΢֣԰С
ָ֣űɷľ¥ֻãĶҪˡ
ķ¥ĲҵǴƹ񡣷£ʱ뿪¥һᣬ󣬾ͿԼľ¥Ѿûˡ
ƹӦþԼˡ
ǣҿ㵱ʱھ¥ڣȻҲˡ
¥Ȼûˣ˻ء
һЩ޵Ҳʶλķ¥ƹ񣬿˵˵ģҲûλƹʱھ¥ڣϳΪֻǵͻᱻ¥ڵʱϰˣɻһɶҲⱻشˡ
ƹңڵĴϢš˿ðߣֿ˿Ƿ϶ŵ˫Ρñ˵Ҳ֪Լľ¥ǱеƽģȥҪ⳥˵ںɳǹٷ¥ڳ֮ڣйٷӦñĲƲȫǡҲ̫ȥҾԳҪ⳥
޺ƣһɱǿڽкȡ
ǹ˵Ըһᣬϧȥһ˷ѡ
ԸԹ˷Чҽľۼ˵ôԻߵƽСҲԻɱǱ֣޺˵
ͲҪˣ޺ƣˣĹǺǣ֮ġȵʱ֮ʱ޺Ц
ϻ˵һϰɣ޺Ϣᣬ߶
תʱܣ֮ɢУԵ׹ţԵҲ׵磬ȥɫ
ѹ
޺ǿߣǸ߲ԱֲܿԷ
ˣһԽ
Ȱ˵ˣɱ˰ɣ
ɱ˼䣬Ӱ׷תֳܺ嫵ķ׼Χ޺ơƽǲ⣬ƽΪǰûʲôвû޺Ƶı־ɱƽǣĺɱǣսһ۷嶼ҪǿһЩ֮УвֻĹɿ
ɵ¥
ɫֻ˫ĿУż⡣
֮ǰʯ˶˹ɱǽУѾһЩʱ䡣ʱڣûκɱǸҲûκҪ
ǽҾԸԵˡ򣬵˵һ䡣
ԣҪ𣿡Ͼ
ţɳû̫ʱһ´ãӰ̫ˡԵ˵ͷ
ʱ򣬾ɫ΢΢һȡѶ
ʯ˶ĴѶ
ˣûǹͨǣѾִݻķ;¥
ɱȷʵڽ׷ɱ׷ɱĿ޵ߣˣĲڡһ˽޺ƣǳҶ˵޺𡣡ʯ˶Ծ
ķ;¥ոձݻ٣̶ԾԴѶˡ
ڣԵӣȻ
ɳǣѾʮʱˡʮûзųκڵϢ룬ǣʵǾ޴󣬾ҲкܶĹǡޱǿʢ˥ܣ˾Բһ
û뵽죬ӵԼĺɳǡ


2451 
ԱͲúɱںɳڶɱˣοҪɱģĳԱ
Ȼվ
ԵĿУɱһЩ
֪ˣԱʲôԸɱԶ㡣Ըʯ˶ѶϢ
ʯ˶䲻𣬿Ѱ޵ǰҲǿߣǲԸʯ˶˰װ׵
ϾȥˣԶϾ˵һ䡣
ãϾͷ
ûҪžһȥʵ̫͡ȥˣֻ鷳ҲԵʵɱǣвԡ
Լ˺ɵ¥֮̿ɳǡ
ɱǣʱ׼Χ޺ơ
Եɱǣ֪ǵϢ仯ԭôӲڲǲˡ׷ɱԱ㿴Ȼĵ֮һ

ԳĲˡ
Ӷ¶ͷ
ǺǣԭΪԳжôڿҲֵ飬ҲѡܡЦ
ˣԻǵ̽ӡԣ̽ӿʼ˾ԸڮپԺͺɳˡ
̽˵Ļ޵ߡðҲûΪʵڣӶûӰӡ
ǣԳֹɱԺôάɳǵĹأü
ʲôѵģֻ˵ɱںɳǵʱ˲ڳڱǡ˵
һ룬ȷʵһýڡ
䣡
ɱǳˣĻЮſֲܣϯ޺ƺƽˡ
˫Ե˶Ϊ˽⣬һ־ɱУûκε̽ɱѾһͼȰ˵޺Ƽ޺Ƶľܾδйԥɱ֪޺ƲͶǾٶȽɱҲûȥ
ҵܣڿռھҵ𵴡
һγȥǱݻٵľͲķ;¥һˡɫ󷨹Ļѣһڿ񱩵о
Χ۵޵ǣϵĺ󳷣߶ԼĶšѾûٿֻۣ۾͸ĳųеĶսɱ
һɫ׹ʱ֣ž޴ȫĵ㺮
ô簡
ɱǣ޺ȫײһ쳹
ţ
ɱɫһ䣬ӰֹͣǣͬʱתĿͬһλǱߣķ
ȻһɫӰϣԿЦ
޺ƺƽصĴϢţղŵĽּΪݣ޺ƵϣһЩµ˿ڡѾ߾ܣȴҲܵסɱǵΧ
ոճֵ޵ߣϢĻᡣɱһ޺ƺƽҲ̧ĿнӽĺɫӰ
ǾԳ
Գˣˣ
ղŻ˵Գĺɱɱˡ
ڿɣǺǣԳǿɲǴġ
޵ǼԣһܡںܶˣԳѾһ־ˣǶûбɢޣԳеżԳǻʧɾԳˣɱǣԳûá
˭ɱǿžԺȵ
ʵϣǼһ̣֪ԵˡǣȻѯʣһӡ
ǵҵĳУȴ˭Ŀſ
Ǻǣ¾Ǻɳǵĳԣɱ۾žԵ
ԣҾǾԡ˵ǿڲǿơһȻӡ̡һ֣۷֮ʲô̻ᡢڣԶԶ޷ȰЦ˵
˵ʱĿҲ޺ƶɨԿ޺ƣȷ޺ƾĳԱ޺ϵϢǾϤģټܣһЩδɢȥɫ׹⡣׵Ȼ֮Դһȴ̥֮Դ
ʦ֣ԳȻˡƽ޺ƴ
ˣҲûԳûԳǡʲôĲڶѡΪԳΪУôܣ
Ǳɱ׷ɱһ·ҲüУǴδκһСΪǵѾ¶ЩУеĸ߲Բǣֻĺɱɱ
ţ޺ƴ
ʦ֣˵Գ˵ԳĸʵǿӦ۷֮ԸǣгдǻĻᡣƽЩ
Ǳɵľ棬žԳĳ֣ӭת


2452 
޺ҡҡͷʦܵѯʣҲ֪Գ᲻ְǶˡ
ʵҲԳǵɡ
˵ԳӦûŭǲŶԣǽɳǲĺɱǣѾԺɳʧ
ԣ޺ΪԳǲǶԸɱǣԳؼʱ¶棬»άɳǵĹأϣɱںɳǳڶɱˡ
Գǻ˵ɵɱЦ
һתָָ޺ƶ˵Գ֪ʲô𣿡
۾𣬶žԣдʵζ
ҡͷ治̫λɱ׷ɱӦòͨ
ǺǣˣƱҪնɱԳ谭ǻɱˣĪɣֻߣǱģЩͱ˵ĺʡ
ɫһ
ܲҪ˵Գ޵ߣȻ޹أѲֿܵԣԳͻȻסǣҪ°ɣ
¶һĨЦݡ
ɱǣʵ¾ɳǳյϢ֪Ӧ۷壬㾰޺֣Ҳսʤɱǡ˵΢㣬ֻǲ⣬ֻ뾡ɱ޺ھԣɱ߲ɱԡΪУǾţɳǵĴڣӰ档
ɳǵĹأ޵ڳɱȴʯһ㡣
Ҫ֣ɳɳǡ⣬޹ء˵
޺ƶˣǶλǷ뿪ɳǣ
ǰ仰޺ƺƽжһΪ뿪ɳǡǣ˵仰΢΢һ
ʵǷ뿪ɳǣ뿪ɳǡ
ѵԳǣ
Գǣ˱뿪ǡ뿪ǾԳɱһֶǶ֡
ƽ˿ʦ޺ƣֿԡ
Գʱû뿪ɳǵĴ㡣ƽҧ˵
ƽĻش𣬾һЦ
ɱǵҲˣλԸ뿪ɳǡˣԴӽк󣬲ûκΥɳǹصĵطҲûǿ뿪ԣλɱˣڳȴ뿪ɳʱٶ֡

ɱǣЦ
ǿԵⷬЦڳȣĺɱʲô
ˣҲˣ޺ƶˡ
ȻˣǾԾĵˡ
Գ㻹ǲ̫˽µķ񰡣׿ͤҡͷЦ˵ţǽ죬ڽʮĺɳǣҪʷˡ
ǺǣҲЩԳˣЦ˵ΪУɲʲô˶еġ
λɱǣϵƼ
ԳȻԸⱣڣϧΪС
û뵽Գ̫ˣһûںɱǰôӲ
ǰ̫ˣֻҪɳǲΥйأǾܵõԳıԺǵʲôǽɳǾͿˡ
ߣԳԸⱣҲÿû˵Գ뱣ˣʲôԿܵסλɱ𣿵סһ𣿡һ޵Ʋ˵
ܵ޵ǣĬ
ǰɱǣ㾰Գ޺֣ҲסɣɳȻ󷨴󣬿ɽɽʮʱ䣬ж٣ܣжǿ
֮⣬ĳ
λԳԸ޷²⡣治֪Ǹ޴ˡóǳҡͷ
óǳһģٷǳڤ³
⼸λԵ˺ɳ֮⣬ͨԼڳڵ̽ӣǿԿӳڴصķ֮γɵĻ档λȻͬһʱҲһһ֡
ԳķӦΪȷʵЩ˵ԤϣûȥԳֹɱǡ
ɳǣҪ군ˡٷǳ˵
ڤǳĿ⿴ŷУǶеˣĿ˸ȥɳǣ뾰Լ棬Գĸоɲ³ç֮ȻᣬȴءûһİգԿɱ𣿵ǣʲộͬʱɱأ


2453 ҵĳУ
ɳǾ̫ˣֱʤصأ⼸ʮѾкܶðʧ˺ɳǡ
ɳǱбȻϲּ
еĳʱȡƲסϲáڤ³Ľ̻ᣬҲ뿴ɳǼ׳ȥλڤǵ³ԣоԳ³ç֮ˣܿʲôĺɱǡ
֮Ǻɳ׶༪٣һ
Ϊɳʮ
ɳǳڣԳ޺ƶˣɱˡȺˣƲɱ⼱ۡ
ԳȰ㲻Ҫ󣡡Ȱ˵
ɱУ⿵һЩһֱԼ˵Ŀꡣ
Ի֣˿Ļ
ҲʵжǿǱж󡣡
ںɳǣҪĹءУҵģ
أұֻԳɱ
ڣһ飬ɳڣɱ
Ǽˣ˳ɳǣ⳥ǶԺɳɵʧұ㵱û
ҲһŬ
ҪǺܶ£˼ɡˣԳὫȴڣʱûңҪɱɱǣҲ˹ΣΪԼʲôԵϵ򲻵ѣԲ뱩¶Լݣʱǰʹ֮Դ
һɵۣôһоͶ군ˡԤϣɵ٣κλᣬܶûκεĿܡ
ԵĻٴЩɱǿЦһֹŹֵžԡΪ˵λ
ںɳǡĮĿ⵹ǱһЩ
Ŀı仯ɱĽͣǾѾȫɱնɱںɳڡ
Գ£Ҷܻ𡣲ԳҶ֮顣ǣ뿪кˡ޺ƶԾԴ
Ȼ
ǣ۾Գ뾰Գʶ̸ϤΪǶˣۺɳǸŸҲİɱǵʵΪ㾰ԳҲѸı֡ȻˣֺαؽԳǣ
޺ƵĴЩ⡣˿ɫЩ׵޺ƣе뷨Ϊᶨˡ
ǶֻһԿžǡֱӿ˵ûдûǸҪ
仰ȴ޵һͷˮ޺ƸԴǲ֪ݣԾ仰ƺԵ֡仰˼⣬޺˿֣Ըɱǡ

ɱ
ɱŭˣɫӰͬʱѵûռ䡣ֲϯһСͬʱҲˣ޺ƵͲ֮С
ѾԳԼ˿뿪ɳǣԳ
⾿ʲô˼
ԳΪҪ˰ǣѾΪάɳǵĹˣǹǶԸĺɱ֡
Ȼ̫ף޺Ҳѹƴ߶ǿԷʱ׼
ɱǣ׼ԾԳ֣׼޺Ƴ֡һ˺ɱ޺֮λáҲ˵ҪסɱǡɱǱŭҲܲƹ޺Ʋɱȫԡ
֮䣬˵Ĺ˾Եڼֹε£ڵλãһƬ硣
𣿡
ΪжǿһѣҲҴԲѣţţܲмЦЦ
ȷ˹Եʱ򣬾Բû̫ĵֵ˹֮£ԾʮҲˡ
ɱǣҲеЩ⡣У˵ʵǿᡭ׾ͱɱ
֪ԵڷԻ۷һǿ߹ʱֵܿȻʵ۷徳ǿжܳɫǱϵĻˣǲ˺ܶࡣ
Ȼˣ˵ĹԾҲûвԵĹҲסɱΪ˿㽫ɱնɱҲѡӲǵĹ
Ǳû״ĻУһŭ
ˣţһֲ׵Ľ֡
һĿ꣬Ǻɱܡٶȼ죬ܷӦʱǴһա
ܷӦܿ죬֪ΪûʶľҪ߶ֵɾʱ΢΢һ飬ٶһ¡ֵͷųʱǽ͸һˡ


2454 һһɱ
һ֮⣬̺ܣ˵ܱӰɱӰ죬׼㣬Ҳ޷ȫסһܶˡ
ܵʵ𣬲໹ͦġϾһϵ𣬶ҲǷǿ֮һ
ܷһҽС
յķᴩâɾ޴˺˺תͷʩչͺ£ĵֵ͸ˡŷĻɢҲɱ
ֻһɱܾͱɱ
ԵӰҲٴ黯͹зǲܺɱǵĹʱڣȫǿԵסġ
ʲô
ôܣƺûˡ
ܣ
׿ͤɱǣŵĿⶢŽ˵ľԡ
ǵĹǻ˾ԣǱܹȥǶ֪ǿɲѰĺɱǣ۷֮ǿߡǣΪʲô˾Եȴƺһ㣬⵽ô£
ɱս鼫ΪḻʲôĶûģȷʵǶûмġѵ˵ԵǿѾЩ˵Ĺˣ
׿ͤһʱ顣
ǵ̬֮ǰȫһˡǰǾɱԲ˳ֵ飬ǵĹ˵ƺѡ
޺ƺƽ۾Բ
޺ת׼־ԳԸɱǣδ֣һɱǱԳնɱžԳɱͬʱ̮¶磬þԳǲֱӾͱɱǸɱˡȴ벻䣬ת䡣
ԶȺ𶯣Լľ
ĳ棬ǵ֪ԳȻҲˣһɱһɱʲôɱǣٶ۷ս˲һȺ˵һֻųСһЩģʶλɳǵľԳųʵ
ڻɱ˺ɱ֮б׽ٴο𣬶һɱն˹ȥ貣쳹أֲ̺ܵĽĻǺɱٶȥ
ŽĴ󣬻ӰɱӰΡ
ǺɱǣƺоϢŭȫ۹ĶƴͼֵϮɱĽ⣬ҲͬԼ
ɱǣֳֹ֮Ҳŷ˶ԾʩչɱУһ˰ǱԹĺɱǹֵͬ
ѤĹ̿
ȫûԼĺɱǣƾǵĹԼ塣Ŀ꣬ҪһսҪÿһɱһɱǡ
ħӡɱ
Ҫͬ鹲ֵͬԹĺɱǣȻоܿռͣصѹ˷ѹĴ߶ҪƿǡĶüΪһ֪޷Լͬ顣
ĿţԼͬܵķԼȫһĽٴݻٵͬɱǣһͬһռ֮С
ˣɱֻʣˡսʼ𣬲һʱѡ
׿ͤͿˣǵڶչԾԵȫһΣǳ׾ˡһεĹɻΪпܾͨĳֶζǵĹڶΣǰٷְȷԲδܡǵĹ֮£Ե屻˺ԶȥԾûˡ
һ˶˲Ĺ׿ͤȺɱսйƤһ㣬̼ʧӰ١
ߣһͺȡ
֪˱ضȫʱΨһѡ롣ԾԵʵǰû֪֪ǿǲ³çĽɳǣҲڳڶֻɱ޺ƶˡ
ߣ
ҵĳУɲҰ˵߾ߵġ۾ɴܶ⡣
䣡
󷨵ھԲٿ³⿪ܼ˿״âҫء
תִܣÿŵĺɱǵ³ǵĴǵ
ߣȥҧȡ
ŭһתžԳȥ֪Լ˲ܶӳȥ׼סԣΪȡһʱ䡣
ԳΪУ֪ζʲô𣿡˻Ъ˹
ڵ޵ߡðߣһͷƤĸоƺᵽ֮еľ
ֻ˵һ֣شڵʡ


2455 ѪȾ
⿵ʵȷžԻɱɱ΢ǿһ㣬Ҳޣûʲô
֪ԼһʹһǿĽʹãʱڻԶµʵȡʱ䡣סԽãôͬӳȥĿԾԽ
֮ǰɱɱǣһɱģһ־ʩչʩչĻᶼûˡ˵ʹý˺ûˣĻں˺
ȼվѪǸںĽЩơü
٣ܸıʲôأһɨ
ʵ̫󣬾ʹýҲһĽ֡
˵ײ嵹ɣûбһɱʹý󣬿ܵסһѪ۾죬ڵĴϢš
ԳĺɳǣᱻΪƽصġ˼άشȻӸʱ䡣
һΣһֶû˵ſٶȻӳһ
ΪʵߵȻ岨ûʹáʹö岨⿵ʵǿһҲܲסԵһ
ӷ۵ļʱԵľûʵԵͻƣսмġԣûеʱ;Եϣ෽ĵһֱڲ֮С˵ԵսҪȵڷǿ߽ʱǿһˡ
ûܵסԵĵڶڰ׹䣬Ѫ
ɱ󣬾ȥ׷׿ͤһŵĺɱǡ
ˣںɳ󷨵Ӱ£ٶȱܶࡣ
תȷʵ׺ϧǣתǹ͵󷨣ʹ׿ͤѳȥ͸ˡ
̫ǿˣ
ǰԳ̫ǿˡѾɱɱǣһΣʧذɱҲӰ޴ɣĺɱǣҲǺܶࡣ
ûнԴѾȥ׷ŵĺɱˡɱǣδѵ
벻ȫ벻һսɳǵҪ쳹ˡ쳹򡣡
޵ߣ˫ĿŹ⡣
һЩںɳѾ˲ҵ޵ߣЩԳʵԽǿǺɳǵλԽȹ̣ǵͽ
ΨһҪĵǣԳɱôɱǣ϶ưոݡıǺܿͻɣĹжٵƣѰ޵߸Ͳֻ֪µڣûм˻˵ΪС
֮⡣
óǡڤǺٷǵĳö˵һ仰
ǵǰ滹ڼ֮С
ͨ۵Ļ棬ۿ˾ԻɱɱǵĹ̡
̫ˣ
ڤǵ³ʱֻЩҡλ³ֽвǫΪ÷һھ硣
Ϊ÷˾ԣ̻ܵܲĳͷԱڤǡȻˣǳͷʵϽ̻ܲ÷ĳͷҲӣ÷ϾǸ񽭳ϵĸ
ڤ¼֮󣬽̻ζԸԳѡģһǵǸƹϵһȻǲǿ߽ɳǵƽڿ̻߲ľǷǳǵġԾԳչֳʵ̻뵴ƽɳǣǿµǲܵǿߡֻǲ۷徳ĳϹǽ϶Ͳˡ
ǫĺһ
Ǹóǵĳ˿ˣſڡ
ҿòˣλѣҾһˡóǳ˹˹˵
óǳһ뿪󣬲ǫٷǳҲ̾뿪ˡ
ɳǷ飬̫شҪϽϢظܲԺɳǳԵʵܲҪ½λԳɼ۷֮ǰ޵߾ܶԸ˵ġ
ɱǣڶ̶̼ʱڣͱɱ֧顢ѪȾءڣм֮޵߿
̻ܲ
᳤ܻ̻ܲλϣۼһڡ
֮ǰڤǴϢ˵ɱǽ˺ɳǣ᳤ܻ㽫λ˹ΪɳкܴĿܻᱻƽɳΪƽأôǽҪһ£̻ǷԴлһЩôɳǾڤǺ̻ܽǿԹŵġ
ĵ̸ʱڤѶϢ
δѶϢȴڵնȻһ䣬ÿ˵ϣ¶顣


2456 
ڵˣǰһ̻ǺɳǾʹ˸𣬽̻δзһ
̻Ȼ뾰йһνףӾй˶ʮƷǾԵ̻ŲںܲܵõôǸΪĵ顣
һ̣ڤǵγǫصϢȴǾ
ɳǵľԳʵǿ˰ɣ泤ϲ˵
ĺɱǣɱʣɱǣδܹѳɳǣ
ɳǵĳджǿУʱ䲻ʮѣдôͣ
᳤ܻˣľǡʱǽ̻ǰɳΧˣǿ¡
ϣȺ󿪿һ˵
λԳʵȻѾﵽ۷徳һˡʵǿټϳ󷨵ĸһٻɱǡ᳤ܻͳ˵
񽭳ϣɱ֮ȥɳǣΪ׷ɱڣ᳤ܻʵ
Ϊ׷ɱڣϢ˵޺¶棬̽ˡ񽭵˵ͷ˵
Գʲô⣿ֻΪάйأԲϧΪ𣿡᳤ܻЩɡ
᳤ܻ˵Գ᲻ԭʲôϵȻ޵ߣ󣬱ֱҽһУѵֻɺϣ泤ϳŵ
泤˵е⾰ԳʲôֻĿǰ֪ϸڡз˵ԳǷ޵ߣҪҲҪʱ䡣һλصͷ
ǾǣԳɱôĺɱǣԴûзӦġ£úһģս᳤ܻ˿ᡣ
ڳϣɫһ䡣
ǽ̻ܲЩ߲η塣
ԺɳǷսܻһսĿǰյϢɳǾԲʲôӣλԳѶԸ
ɳǡ
С֣ϷƴˣɱǺ۾ŭתžȥ
ûӳɳǾͱ׷ˡ
Ȼȡһʱ䣬תӰܴܵĺɱǱֳܴһԿĹ
ɱֻգۼ䣬׷ӵ˳бԵĺɱǡ
ǲö˵
ɱͬһʼʹýԱնɱ
ˣɳǵɱǣ˶˾ԵСֻһ׿ͤӳС
̿Ҳ׿ͤټҲֻա
ϧûܽȫɵһĿ
ѾжˣܶɱԷһ۷֮ĺɱǣԵȻŹ
ڳ֮⡭ҡҡͷ
ڳڣȻʹܶԺɱӰ죬ֱԵԲʹþơ̫ǿǴķΧڳʹþֽӽֶΣɵʧ̫ˡһоȥܵôݻСɳǡ
ܶþǿʼʱһкȥɱȫöشһѡ
Իصķ;¥
޺ƺƽˣ˿Գӭ
ӣҲѵƬط
ˣ޺ƺƽԼ
԰ڰֵһ˵һЩ飬Ҫǡ
˶һۣԾԵ˵ͷ
˶ԽӴӳʯ˶˹
ˣʯ˶̼ǰ
ʯ˶Щˣû뵽Լĳ˵ǿ
飬㴦һ£ҪáԶʯ˶Ը
ǣġʯ˶Ӧ
λѣǸɣת޺˵
˸ž뿪˵ʵ˴ʱҲЩ֪ǵ˽ΡλԳʵ̫ˣҪǲǺѵסɱǶڼ̵ʱڱɱ÷ֱʲôֿ
ĿǰԳƺ޶⡣ܼ򵥣ԳҪȫ֮ǰҸɽɳǣڳ֮ɱǵΧɱ
ķ;¥Ĵƹɻţʯ˶ԶȺһ
¥ѾΪƽءˣ´á
λֵƹʯ˶Ľһ£˳
ˣҡҾķ͵Ĵƹ簺簺ʯ˶˹
ӳķ͵ĴƹȷʵǴˡһвҵĹԱʯ˶ߵ
ţʯ˶˵ͷĿ簺
簺ͷ


2457 ˢ
簺ֻСݣķ;¥ȫĲƸΪ棬簺Ժ󶼲֪úȥδӡֻڤվڣ׬ȡԴѡ
˵ܻѾˣʱɱǴݻپ¥ʱھ¥ڣҲҪ
ƹɱǽɳǻľ¥޷ġʯ˶˵
簺һ
ҴɳǱʾź
ģܵʧǺɳǹٷȫȨֻҪڳ֮ڣĸĲƲȫܵǺɳǹٷκʧɳǻᾡ⳥ʯ˶˵
簺ͷϲ
¥Ժͻ˽ؽΪؽ¥֮⣬ǻھʯԴ
Уھ¥֮˵޵ߣҲϸµĵݣ⳥Ͳʯ˶仰תܣԸЩ޵˵ġ
ǺܺõˢĻᡣ
ֻ˾ڳڰȫƲܹõıŻ˵ɳ
Ҫʯ˶ƵĴ¥һ£Ŀľڴˡ
лˣ
л簺簺ڣ簺
û뵽ɳǹٷжΣҪΪؽ¥жԴУ顣ڳǿƵĳз飬ҲǸˣΪؽҵ
簺˵Щлʱܵ޵ðҲЩڡ
ҾˣҪںɳǹһݲҵ
ҲҪһԺӣԺҾںɳǶˡ
ˣľ
ȻˣҲȻĴǣΪ
ĺɱĸںɳǣھԳУܲ𣿾Գ⳥ǵʧɳǶûˣһлʲô壿
ǡ
ˣϢȷˣγһࡣ
ôܣôܡôôǿϵļⶼڲš
˵˴ӺɳǴصѶϢ޷ѶϢġ
γ¥ܣʱǳӡʮǰȥɳҾ̸¥פ飬ʱ̬ȿɲܹҡλԳ˰ĺɱǣ˵ɱɱ
Եʵ̫ǿһ۷֮ܶࡣ¿ҲQ˶ˡһ˻˵ڣˣضȫԸɳǻ𡣡
ţ˵ͷǶȳȥɣ
ֻʣ²һʱȡѶڵܲѶɳڲòŷĴ¡
ɳǣ
Խ޺ƶˣ˳ĻС
λĳԱԿˣֱʵ
޺ƺƽһۡ
޺ƿ˵ˣǲҪɱɳǵġڽɳ֮ǰҲ˵ԳʵǿΪǺɱӦòֱӶԳ㶯֣óҪ¡Ŀǣǲžɳʱܡ
ΪβȥУҪΪеĹ֪Ƕǰ²úɱǵͻˡǲֱ֣ҲὫС޺Ƽ
ڽͽɳǵԭԼĿǡ
Цſˡ
ʵԶ޺ӡܲɱǶ֮ǰ޺ƻ˵Ҫ뿪ɳǡ
޺Ƶѣʵǣ˿ĳԱ۾΢С
ǣ
ǶˣȷʵԱѾֱʵ㲻ˡ޺ҧ
ݣ
ˣɱǵ׷ɱȫ¶˵ݡʱ򲻳ݣʲô壿ֻἤŭԳԳѵɵӲɣ
ڵ򣬻вٳԱ𣿡ʵ
ӦûٻŵˣһЩţҲСڸز¶ˡΪһ¶棬ͻᱻһЩ׷ɱ޺ҡҡͷ
ʵϣݱ¶֮ǰһֱǲһھۼءۼأڳʤصǣ޺ƵȻ㽫ۼظ߾ԡȻɱ˼ɱǣϵɵˣ޺Ʋðաۼض˵ɾҪնݳˡ
ΪҪ׷ɱԱԻһתʡ
⡭޺ü
⣬ûشԭ̫ӣǣ̫޴
˿ԣд⣬λԳôʲô
ˣľ֮ġлᣬضӿȪ𡣾ԴˣǷ뿪ƽ˿ԾԵ
ǵȻʱ뿪ֲǵɡһ֡


2458 
뿪
޺ƺƽû뵽Գ˵ĻһֱþԳǹ⽫Ǵɱо£ԳΪҪôѵûκԭ
뿪ɳ֮ǰǣɷϵԻһת
ת֮Դʩչ
ھǰһϸСɫֳ׹ܿռ䣬ȥ̺˵ֻǴʱھԵĿ֮¡
ʩչģ֮Դе׹ҫһ幥
ʩչ׹ҫ޺Ƶ۾ʱԲˡƽҲɻĿ⿴ɫ׹⡣ƽʶ׹ҫܸо׹ҫйв޵յ׹ĳϵ
ô᣿޺Ŵ졣
ʶ׹ҫ
޺ƵʶһֶΣԳ˵
⡭⣬Գ㡭ôʩչ׹ҫ޺ɫžԡ
׹ҫ֮Դе۷ʱʸ֮ԴҲֻǼѡ˵֮ԴˣڲΪĵĳԱ޺ĳԱûʸ֮Դģֻ֮Դɱ𼶷
ҿɲʩչ׹ҫģ֮Դ׹ҫֵɫ׹⣬Ц˵
ĵˣڻ׷ɱǡɴ˿ɼǶûġںɱȰ˵ǼʱҲֱӾܾˡôұҵݡԼ˵
֮ǰȷʵڷһʱ䡣ҲǷԭסңһ磬ɵ۴Ļ硣Ǹ磬ҵõɵ۴˵֮Դԣɵ۵ĵӡˡ
޺ƺƽˣĿɿڴžԡ
ɵ۴˵ĵӣ
֮ԴУ
ݼ޺ڴлָ̱ڵء
ݼƽŹذݼԡ
ǶԾԵĻûκλɡ⵹˵㼸仰ţһ鷢ɲǲšûкĹϵΪξڣ
ûеõ֮Դʩչ׹ҫ
ΪҪǣ޺ƴӾԵϣܵɵ۴˵ϢϢܵȴبų档
ʲôû뵽˷Ӧôü
ʲô
ˣ򡭡ϣˡЩˣûа׵ȣûа׵ȡҾ֪Ҿ֪ôһ쵽ġɵ۴ǵģ޺Ŀˮ
˶˵Իӳһ˷
ʱ䲻ֻ֪ںܾǰ˥ˣ˥ܵľԭ˽ⲻࡣ֪ƺвǿĵˡӦǵеһü
ţܶˡײжǿѲڣһսʧˡ޵ߣˡģֻǺٺһ֡ˣǲϵıҵնɱѾЩˣˣ֮ضûСгʤصأڿѾɱˡ
ˣ̫ˣ̫ˡնɱһ֣ǾͻЫһɱ޺ƽѹֵ̫ˣ;ɽһѹļϡ
ԣ֪Եݣо˿ɽܹúõĴϢˡ
ж˻ţʵ
ɢˣ󲿷ֶϵˡҺƽ֮ǰһۼڣۼڳʤصصۼٶֵܡ
ۼغΣҵֻǣȱԴȻɱһЩޣ޲ֱҪ취޻ȡԴ͵ҩǸһʱͱӳʤصسĳУ޻ھʯ
һΣҺƽסȻСģǱ˷ˣȻǾһֱ׷ɱ޺˵š
ͨ޺Ƶ˵ԴҲˡ
޺ƵĳԱĿǰǲڳʤصһۼڡЩ˲¶棬СݣǺֱӻԴҪԴ;ɱȻôϵõĶнס
ÿһνףкܴķգ˾ͻᱻ׷ɱ
ˣΪνԳƬʵ
֪Ա֮Դľֻһˡˣսбɱˡ޺ֿʼ
۷ʱ֮Դ޵߻һЩģȻпټܹӴ֮Դ


2459 ִй
ֻٲʸ֮ԴԱǵصնɱĿ꣬սһʼǾɱ¾֮Уûдսлġ
ܵõ֮ԴԱǵζŹġ
ڿԿĿǰΨһĻŵ֮Դ޵ߡڴˣ޺ƶƾΪȻԵҲܵԱĳϡ
ԱԾӵˣҳϿ϶ǲˣȻҳϣǾͲ񶨾ݵλ
ߵģǳҪһû
ЩеͨͨҪǴߵģ³˵š
޺ƺƽܼ
ڻСת˵ĹϵڻܴȥɳǣʱС޷ֿ̫˵ĹԣҲҪ¡
ģס޺ͷ
ӻԻ͵˥ܣ޺ƶսĲпкᡣ㾰ԲݣҲȰ˵Բܱ¶֮Դһ¶Ǳضӭĵ˿ը
ңնɱɱǵʱûʹ׹ҫֶΣȻҲ뱩¶ݡ
޺ƣĵˣ򻹻ŵԱ׷ɱܽ𣿡ʵ
޺Ƴŵսܳһʱ䣬˶Щŵ׷ɱܽڣҲȽˡڴ˵ǻŵЩѾûʲôвˡ
ǾͺãԵͷ
ǻصۼأɳ黹ҵ˵ǶɳǡԵ
޺˵ڵľۼأٶڣǺܶ࣬㶼ɳǣҲ̫עĿĺɳǣס˿ڼ˿ڶ֮ˣٶ׸Ͳʲô˵㱻Щ̽ӲˣҲǺں񻹶ڽ׷ģҪ档ֻһԵҲԷ
ãͷؾۼأ˶ӵɳǡһֱػһЩЩʱִйٱܣȴִйɳǣԽЩĹ屦㡣޺Ƶͷ˵
һЩʲôԺʡ
һЩбҲ˵̫ǳҪܲݻٺֻܴһЩΪҪĶִٳˡʱȥкܶƷʧˣִйлҪļֱֻ֪ЩؽҪ˵ɵ۴µġ޺Ƶ
ִй٣ǰһְλƺݵλѾ߲㡣Ȼ볤ϼ໹ǺܴġһսУĳϲȫˣִйεĳԱܻǺܴˡ
ţ֪ˡԵ˵ͷ
Խ޺ƺƽĵͳɳǣٶȽʤصءûߴ·˭Ҳ޷֤·ϻ᲻е˶½ءηؾۼأⲻþԶģ޺˾ǳḻʤصغǺαⱻ˷֡
Լڶʮ޺ƺƽٴλص˺ɳǣһɳǵģֻʮ޵ߡ
ڣǹɳǣǶٶͬʱɳǣǱ¶ķվͻöࡣһʮ˽Уζˣ̽ӣҲδ֪ǵݡ̽ӣһʵ̫ǿ
ܼ򵥣֮޵߽ɳǣǾΪ϶ע⡣̽Ҫã͵ݣҪǵʵ̫ǿͨϲΪ׵ġΪʵϵͣǺѷڵĺۼ
ִйٰ׺ڵһɳǵ޵С
޺ƣ׺ǰ
ˣ׺Ժ޺ơƽ˸֪ʱһذݼ
׺ͺܴˣ޺һ۷֮׺Ϊ׺ĹϵҲû֮ԴԷ׺ͳٶۣûϣ׹ҫԵ
λǰ׺ִй١޺ڰ׺һ˵
ɣԿ첽׺ߣֽ
ңΪԼȲһˡϣˡھۼأ޺˵ʱҶġ׺Щ״Ρ
ûл޺˵Ļ˵ۼڣܱо޺ơ޺˵ɳǳǿ϶ǡ
ίˡ̾һ
ûʲôίġЩʱʱ̶̿һ졣ˣ򣬱Ҫٴˣ׺Ŀƿžԡ
Ѿ޺ƿ֪һ˽ɱɱƨɱֻһӳ˺ɳǡ


2460 ѪɫǱ
׺͸ſȡ
ʵǿ󣬷ǳǿ׺ġ
һٴˣһģִйٰ׺ᶨ
ģҴӷĿꡣҲصͷ
һֱԼɵ۲йϵ
㲻ɵۺҹɵ۵Ķ飬ΪԼҲҪҪƬĵƿԼС
ѶȺܴ󣬵Ҫ
ЩһֱţҲýˡ׺Ȼ
ϣһֱŵ֮ǴĲ䱦
Ϊʱִ٣׳ǱƺЩߺܿͿ˴󲿷ֳЩĻ쵰ӵĵطǡûʱӱתƸԴ׺һ˵һ߽һ﷨˳ԡ
Խ﷨˹
ʮǰ޺ƶ˵µʱ򣬾Ծͺִйٰ׺ᱣһЩʲôҲֻ΢Щˡ޺˵ЩܻӰ쵽𣬲þһЩ
⡭Կ﷨ڴ洢ƷЩ⡣
ⴢ﷨ڣԴҲͦġ
ǰ޺ۼԴѷڲòɱȻ˵лȡԴⴢ﷨ڵԴֵҲǧھʯˣȫۼصԱӦǿԱ֤ġ
вɲݺʯһЩ
ЩԴһֱУΪβԿŰ׺ʡ
Щ׳Ǳ⣬ûȨ׺ӦȻĵ
⻰ҲЩп׺˶ҳϣȷʵ˳Ծûٶ˵ʲô
ףǣһƷһĸӦ
һԽȡ
һǷߵ֮ĶбȽǿ̺
սʿ֮飡׺ȡĶһ
սʿڿܣһӵмΪǿս
սʿҲ߼սʿȫ۷޵߲ɱѰ۷޵ߺѻٵ߼սʿ
ɳмսʿػǰȫԿɾʹǿˡ
ŵĶսʿ֮顣
׺׳ǵĴִй֮һλȽϸߣ֪սʿ֮顣Ȿ֮飬Ҳɵ۴µĶ˵ˡ
Ե֮飬ͶԴ˴ŵ˽⣬ͷʱϲⱾ֮飬дóƷɵ
ܺãĺöϲ˵
ҪսʿҪܸߵڿܻ첻ʱǡԵı׽ƷԼ𼶷ġ
ȻˣҪ߼սʿҪĲͬ࣬ҪķѴԴЩ׼
кɵ¥ԴԴϵ׬ȡԴԾе
׺ڿʼǺɳǴܹܵݡִйְλ̫Уǰ𡣡Զ԰׺˵
ǣ֮׺
޺ƣϢһʱ䣬Ĺаšֿ޺ơ
ǣ޺Ӧ
޺ƺͰ׺۷֮ǿߡڣɳǵʵֵõ˺ܴ

ʱһĹȥ
ۼصĶٶڣֳʮΣ½Ľ˺ɳǡЩڽɳǺ󣬾Զռһ棬ð׺ܹܸưЩڳڶʵǿģﵽϾڣбȽҪĹڤվµڣȫľϣɳṩԴһЩĵҩ
ѪɫǱ
ѪɫǱܲ
ɱ׿ͤ˰ʱ䣬ŻصܲѪɫǱ
ܴضзֲ׿ͤ׷ɱ޺ƵĺɱǣķֲԼķֲˣΪˣǲܼʱķ޺ټҵһʱ׷ɱ
ǳô飬׿ͤҲǲصѪɫǱġ
׿ͤӳɳǺ󲻾ã͸ܲѶĹ֮һλ֪ںɳڵŭ׿̻ͤѪɫǱϸ
ʱ䣬׿ͤһֱٶȸ·˿ͣЪһգǵѪɫǱ
׿ͤɱǣڵ㣬ɣ
սѪɫǱΧӭ׿ͤ׿ͤ˵
ˡ׿ͤ˵
ȥˣǹĽʵϣܱ׿ͤܶ࣬׿ͤԲڹǰڼӡǣںɳǷº
׿ͤѪɫǱһƫڡ
ѪɫǱǳӴ󣬴濴ͺһ޴Ѫɫơڲϰٸƫ
׿ͤƫеƬ̣һƾ˵ɫ˽


2461 ˱
ոսƫӣ׿ͤ
ӣĹݺ죬Ҳ֮һƿʮ֮һĹˣڻһţ֮֡
ݺƫĿ׿ͤɨ
ɳǷѾ֪׿ͤӳɳǺѶҲϢԴϸµ˽⡣
ˣ㻹šݺɫȴ͡
ɲҪΪûŭΪλĹûжŭλˣκʱ˵˹ģϲʱǷŭʱͬ١
ˣǡΪȡ˸ʱ䡣׿ͤ˵
˵˵ɣô¡ݺ˵
ǣ׿ͤԲκε
ӷ޺ƿʼ˵һֱ˵޺ƶ˽ֲҽ׷ɱ׷ɳǡǺɳǳԳֹǣս֣Ա޷ʵԴݿ̬ˡ
׿ͤ˵󣬹˺һᣬݺٴοڡ
׿ͤ˵ԣʵжǿ
¡¡׿ͤΡ
ԵжǿҲ˵ΪǱڼ̵ʱڻǸûл̽ԵļޡӾԱֳսͲ۷徳һǿܻҪǿһЩԻʲôûʹãǾ͸ˡ
˵ݺ
ˣҡĲ֪룬ڣԽģ²ᳬˡ׿ͤҧ
׿ͤ仰ݺıû̫仯ȴ޲Ȼ׿ͤԾʵĹƣҲЩľ
ٴγĬһᡣ
׿ͤ˰ֵȥɣţںɳеķ֣һһ¼ԽϸԽá
׿ͤɴ⡣
׿ͤף˲ʹ³ͷԼˡ
ʵʧȷʵҲܹܴӺɳӳ̫ǵʵ̫ǿɱ֣һᶼûС
׿ͤ뿪ƫݺȴû뿪ûãһӴ
ɱǣֻ֪ȼΪɱǡɱǺɱǡʵϣɱǻһصĵȼǺɱǡɱǣӵ۷һսڵһҲֻɱǡ
ոսƫݺǰģɱ֮һ
ˣ𣿡ɱǵͳ˵
ţݺ쿴˿ɱǣ˵ͷ˵֪ɳǳԣ
Ѿ֪˵֣Ŵһкɳǣʮɡɱ˵
ˣˡһɣйϵԴ˱ݺĿзɱ⡣
ǰ򡣡ɱǵ
㽫·һٻٴγ֣һҪɱǸԣܳݺҡҡͷ˵
·һĿǰڻԪռ俪ǸԪżٻҪܶʱ䡣ɱ΢΢ü˵
ٻԪżżһЩʱҲû⣬ȥˡݺ
ǣɱӦ
·һˣĺɱݡˣĿǰڻԪռڣǷǳңԶҪٻֻ۽ԪռȥǸԪż˴졣һһأҪʱ䡣ȫٸ·ҲҪǧʱ䡣
ݺΪɱԲ⣬׼ɱͬʱǰɳǶˡ

ɳǣ
ڵУʱһźڰ˫ɫҩ
ˣ۾΢Уеŵҩ
ͨΪڰ˫ɫĵҩֽĿ
˵ΪƷɵĿĵǾԴӽ̻Ṻġȥʮ꣬ڽ˵Ƴ
˳ĿǺɵ¥۵ĵҩУ㽫Ʒɵˡһ֣ȻǾԪ鵤ڶ֣ǳĿ
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һԳ¡ڶϣܶһᡣȻˣԺɳǵ϶ǿԽаġׯ绺˵š
ǺǡЦ
ׯ̧Ŀ˿ԣ΢΢ü
ˣ֮ǰȷʵҵĹ¥ڡ
ǺˣԿ衣
¥ֲ¥衣
ԵȻ֪˭ˡ
Ǹ裿֪ˡû˵ķݣҪôҪôȥԺ˵
Լŵ裬ǲкõ̬ȡһֲ¥ҲھΪȴһȺɳǣһȾԣ
ɳǴﲻǾ޻˵ɳǴﵽ˵ģҵʱרŸǧھʯ쵰ھʯȴ°ӣίʵǿɺޡ
ԵĻһʱͨ죬Ŀ¶ŭ⣬﷢쭡Ȼк⣬Ҳ֪ԳǿĺɱǶɱһССھ޵ߣǲҪǶԷΪá
Գ֪ׯ翴˿裬ֿԡ
ʱҲЩԵ˺ǳ裬Щʹ졣Ϊɳ˵ȰѾǸ˾Եӡ
ܹܣ˼Ҷ˵ûκȤҺɳǣҲа񡣡԰ڰ˵ҺæкܶҪͲܹˡ
ׯһͣĿЩȡ
һ£ټӿԳȷʵᣬ¥ԺɳǶûκεĶ⡣ԳʲôȫԵ
۾վڶĲׯ硣
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ָоڵĺɳ˵ҪõġԴӽɳһֱǶڵȭĿľΪ壬ΪӮȡʱչɳǡ

ȻܹˣҲ˵һ˵ҵܼ򵥣ֻһ¥Ϊ֮ǰǸڶҺɳҪѡǳС˵
ڣǿĳоǳУڣֻǳСóǡڤǵȳУǶǳС
ʲôׯһ㶣㵵Ŀžԡ
ΪԼˡ
Ҫ¥ǸҪúɳѡǳУ
Գѵ˵λɣȲ˵¥Ǹ£˵ǳУɳƾʲôѡǳУƾһ¥Ҫǳ֮У


2474 жԶԶ
ɳǣûУǳУ
ʲôЦ
ǳеǳԴﵽһУʩҲǲУҪ㹻ĻԾ˿ڡǳж˿ڵĻҪ󣬾һڡȻˣһаס˿ڡ
ڵĺɳǣԾ˿ڲѡ򣬺ɳǿСС
ΪˣׯþԼֱں
û뵽ԳҲῪЦׯЦЦ˵
һֵܹܣû㿪Ц㣬ģҵ¥ҵҿ¥һЩܼ顣
ׯҲˣ⾰Գġ
ܹܣҺɳǵĺɵ¥˽ɣɵ¥ѾƷɵۣԺ󻹻иƷɵۡɵ¥Ϊĵ¥֮һԼ˵
ׯ粻ÿɷ
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һе׳󣬽һ¥еġׯ
ҵȻ֪ܹܣҺɳҲڽһ켶֮󣬺УЧǿ֮һԼ˵һɣôɳǲŻٷչڡ
˵ЩׯѾȥˡ
Գе⣬ϲ롣˵ͺ췽ҹ̷һ㡣
Գ̫˼ˣܲ㱨Ժ𸴡ׯ
ׯ¥ܹܲݣȨǺܴġģܲҲԲͬ⡣Ϊ֮ǰ¥һЩӰУǣܴǴܲ㱨һ¾
ܹ㡣Բĵ
ׯûֱ뿪ֻǳ˳⣬ׯóѶܲԪϴѶʵˡ
ԴĻ쵰жԶԶɣ
¥ܲԪׯ˵ͺ
ׯٴν
Գľܾ¥ɳһǳ𣿡ׯֱʵ
Եͷ¥ҸղǺɳǱ㲻Ըа񣡡
֮ǰԺɳǵа񣬾ġڣԿɲΪɳܵĲܷŹȥ¥棬ֲ¥趼ûóİ취£¥þԸеʧھԿԻԶ統̻ɴࡣ
̻᲻һλݼߵĳɳǣԸ⳥һǧھʯɳǣ֮⣬̻ỹڤǵĳ÷Ūˡ
¥ɣȽ̻̫ˡ
ȻˣҾ͸ˡԳϣ㲻ҪԼľׯԾԹ˹֣һ仰󣬱뿪ˡ
ܹܴˣ쵰İҲۿ˰ɣ˷Уҧгݵ˵
ׯ翴˿裬ɫЩ˵⾰ʲôӣ⣬ûᵽƳǺʵɣܲĴ
һĺ޺ɳǺ;ˡ
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¥Ҳܼ򵥣а¼ɳǣǺɳǾܾа
˵ǣɳûбһǳǺɳԼѡ¥޹ء
¥󣬺ɳҲͬ˹档
ɳǵĹֻһ仰
¥ΪúɳǷǳʧ
¥ʲôΪúɳʧɳǷ沢ûȷĸ͡
޵Ѿˣɳ¥ìƺһˡһηìܣֻ¥ֲɳ֮ģһΣȻ¥ܲɳ֮ˡ
λԳʲô
ǡ֪ô˵ˡˣֱû취ݡ
Ŷʱ䣿ʮɣԣٴˣһǽ̻ᣬȻǰڣȻ¥ֱǷӰ
ò˵ɳǵľԳһ㲻ԼкɳǵĴ𣿡
УɳǲаչǷȱ죬ûж˲ġ
ǰһаǾ޷
Ǻǣʦ־¥ܲԱңɳѾ¥ˡһ޵ص˵
ʲôʲô¥ѵʲô˵һ˵¥к
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2475 
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֮ǰ޵߶Ϊ¥ɳһǳǲƽģ¥Ĺǵ˵ɳǾȻ˹ֵҪǱ㲻Ϊ¥ˣǺɳ⡣
Ŀǰ˵û˻ΪɳʸǳС

ɳǵĳ˵ڽ켶
λʲôأ켶ҲûٰɣȻ˵Ҫǿ켶
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¥ĸ߲ԪϻᣬԺɳûϡ
һĹܽ裬ɲ˵˵ܽõġ켶ǶҪʮھʯġ
Ув켶ļֵﵽھʯ
Ǿ²ɵġ
ɳǣ
Զķ鲢ᣬھͽ˼ڽǧҶҩϡ
ѾǧҶȻʧܣҲõ˸Ĵ
ǧҶֻ񵤣вǷǳͰģԾҲȥƣÿһʧܣǶǾ޴ʧ
·ǶԵġͨƣԷָ⣬ԾԵ̵ʱڽЩ⡣Űȥò˶ãܽǧҶĵơ
ʱţۡ
ʮ
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֣ѾСͳ˿ڱȽ϶ˡһСͳе˿ڣҲҡȻҲһЩȽСͳУ˿ܹǧ֡
һ˵ǳе˿ڶǧóǡڤǵȳУ˿ڶǧӡ֮ĺܶǳУ˿ڿܻﵽǧӽ֮ࡣ
Щȣɳǵ˿ڻ࣬ҲȲ֮С
ھŲ㣡
ĺһ
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ɳǵٶǷǳˡӿʼڣʮʱ䡣ȻûоԵĻǲġ
ڣԵĲʵǿ۲ٶȣû뾰Աȣɵ۳⡣ⲼҪԵ壬ֲס
ʱٻ©ʹʡ˲ʱ䣬ټϲ̫ʱϢָڼʮʱĹܽ衣
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Բٶȶ󷨵˽⣬ЩʦδġһЩʦһμԲҪŵˡ
Լǵһһոռɳʦʦ󣬵ʹ˵һ仰󷨲óתʹ𣿡
ûʦþԲõǷƷǲʹõġȻ濴󷨲д̫⣬ǲ˿˿ٵĲһ
ǵ󷨲ϣתͳ׷ˣԺںɳǡ
ɳţʦΪɵġм㣬ԾΪţҲ֣һЩǶԲá
һգԽ޺ƣʮʦټһڡ
ʮλˡԿڡ
ˣǶǺɳǵʦӦġңУࡣҪ˵лӦǸл˽ڡţֿܳı˵
ʦҲ׷׸͡
ʮ꣬ȷʵÿ˶۽󿪡ƽʱһЩѣҲԥָǣǺܸмǺʦгĽеʦһֱ˲ϵľ޴ͻơ
ǣȻмɳǵĳ
Ե˵ͷ˵ǿϢʮ졣ʮҪæµǵĳУҪٴˡ
ɳڵĹģǸտʼʱڳǵӣϾһһֽġ
нŪ׵ȴҪʦֲòС
ڳǴԼһǧǧˡ
ڣɳѾ߰ˡлǱȽɵģڳбԵвٿõĽûȥ
ˣķѼ󡣴ܹܶ˵бⶼˡǣѾûھʯʣˡ޺һԿڵ˵


2476 ˰
ɴܹܰ׺ƹܣ޺ûϵ޺׺ڣԭϵͼãķѼֲ׺޺̸ʱԲܲ˵
ɳǵĳбڣھʯˣԴҲࡣ
£˻Ҫӿйģ޺ƵĻϿеת
޷ȴ˵
ţʦţܣһ㵽ȡһöھʯһھʯŶ˵Ĺ׷ȥǽʮǽٴæµڣȥϢɡ
ǣˣţʦϲĸл
Щʦнģÿ˵ȡнȻͬϸнˡܽʮʱѾǶνΣӦǵνƽʮһΡǰĴζǧھʯһһھʯ
⽱ʵˣϾżʮʱѡÿˣõٵھʯ
ȻʦӦѰ޵ߺáɳǵĳӣǿ׬ȡôھʯѰϾʿһнֻʮ򵽶ʮھʯͨڤվнͺܶࡣ
޺ƣͽϤһ£ȻļһЩԱ
ʲôʱʽţ֪ͨԶ޺Ƶ
ǣˣ޺Ӧ
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ˣңܹܰ׺ʵ
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ܹܣǵıУھʯж٣ֱѯʡ
ھʯˣǵıѾˡھʯֻӦһڶòˡ׺ɬı顣
һڶûУҲüˡ
ȻǰѾ޺˵бˣҲû뵽⾹յز
Ҫ֪Ǻɵ¥ÿ۶ͽӽһˣΪɳڵ޵ӣⵤҩ۶Ҳǲɵ¥Ǻܸߵģǳȥֿ֧Ҳĳҵ󡣵ȻϵĹͣռһ룬Ϊɵ¥ƷƷɵƣƳĵҩǳˣ߰˳ɵӡ
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ڵĺɳǣֻһǧ˾סҪһ˵ĳСһ֡
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Щ̲ҵɳǵһֱ˰ģԵ˼ǽ˵ɳǾ̡
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ǣ˰ʱǲǻأ׺ԴԵ硣
ɳǵĴܲãĵ̫ࡣ
ټϣɳаû롣˰Ļ»һЩ
ЩˣǽڵһλġǺɳǶ˰ĸԸɣпܰн˶Կʲ뿪ɳǡƲãɾʹˡ
һҵ˶ˣȻ͵ºɳǲҵ½Ӧ£ԳԹʧ
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ܹܣһ£Ҫ˰齨˰ܣһΡԻ
Щв˳ô죿׺
ҪߣǲԼ򵥵˵ˣԺͱٻ˳ɳǣסǣΪɳԶӭʿ


2477 亰
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ˣܹܣһԺͰ׺
һ֮ԴʱΪӵ˾ԵĴ
ضɣԶһ˵ͷ
һĿ⿴ԣ΢΢Щ˷ܵ˵ˣ죬ַһӵкܸ߻츳޵ߡ
һںɳǵ񣬾Ǹɸӵл츳޵ߡɳǸոսɵʱһҪнĽ죬ڽԲҪһˡĹڳѰӵл츳޵ߡ
ںɳǵĻ޶飬ֻһͶˡ
ձֵʱ򣬶Իһû˽⣬һİ֮£ڶѾĻˡʮǰܹʹû񶡺һŵ͵ȵĻ
ŶһҲе㾪ȡ
ӵл츳޵̫̫ˣҪãã˺ҵ޵ߣľͺǴһһĸӦҪѰкܸ߻츳޵ҲǺܳһĲҷǳصĹ
ˣ亰Ϊ۷徳磬ʮǰżɳӡһ˵գҼӦľѰ޵߼࣬ϸжϣȷ亰ӵкܸߵĻ츳Ӧǲڶ֮¡
ãܺãһ亰̸ûУԵͷ
Ѿ̸ˣ֪ԼкܸߵĻ츳Ҳܸˣǡȴ˵Ϊޡһҡҡͷ
ΪޣϣȻвΪ޵ˣ׺һԲ˵
¼䣬˭Ϊޣ
һϲεĻޣֱͬ޵Сһɫ۷徳Ļޣв֮޵ߡңһΪޣǵĽ֮ӿ졣ΪͻҲ뾫ϢϢء
亰޵ߣȻΪޣ
Ҳ֡
ΪβΪޣѵøǿ𣿡üʡ
ҵʱΪʲôȴң˵ֻʵʵػɳǵİȫһһϧı顣
޵Ȼҵл츳ȴѡҵһǧࡣһһ㽫̸̸Գ˵
ǣһӦ
һҽһ¡ܹˣ׼Գڵ˰㣬͵˰ܣö㡣ʣҪʲôˣļԵ
˰һ˿ԡ
Ц˵ˣʵӦ˰ˡһǲ˰ģҪ˵ǷҲӦȡˡǺɳÿ˴Ҳмʮ򣬶ʱϰÿһöھʯǾǧھʯһھʯˡ
ǷѣҲһԴ밡ų޵ԽԽ࣬ⲿȡھʯҲ֮ӡ
ǷԺ˵ҵ˰ϸڣܹҪһº˰ȥԵ
ǣ
һΣһʹܹܰ׺һͬվӦ
һͰ׺뿪ԼĪʱһسͬʱһе޵ߡ
˾亰۷徳磬ʮǰɳӣСӳְ
亰Ϊ࣬Ũüۡ
ˣʲô亰Щ
亰޵УԳֱǴˡԳУǾ춯صľٶҪĻǣԳЩǿ볬ǿ
亰޵ߣ˽ԾԳǶǷǳģݲ˿ڮٱ;Գ亰ԴӽɳǼӣδԣⲻԾԳĳݡھԳҪЩźͲ
˳ˣȻ֪ˡˣءһЦЦ
һ亰ӡ󲻴Ȼ亰ΪޣⲢһ亰͡ң亰йǳ棬ҲܺãһҳϵĲҺܹ޵ߡ
ֽźͲ亰һ˾Եǰ
ˣ亰һԾԹͬʱߵ亰
ˣ亰æ
ΪܽţϢЩҡ
亰˵ʮǰżҺɳӵġʡ
س˻ǵģʮǰɳǣСӳĪ¡亰Ļش
ţһ˵л츳Ȼ˵㲢ΪޣΪΣʵ
亰Ĳϻһ;ԵȻҲǿȣԭǾԾͲˡ亰ͣͨжϣҲǺܴȷʵкܴĻǱ
亰޵ߣʮ귢һȷʵǿһһǺѷ亰޵ߵġ


2478 ǿ
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֮ǰһʹΪβԸΪޣû˵ǳ׿
亰ǲʲô֮Լ亰ɫı仯һЩ²⣬ʵ
亰ʲôѣֱӶԳ˵˵Ҳ˽⡣һһԶ亰˵
亰̾һƺĳ־ġ
ˣʵһն˵л츳ʱҲܸˡȻʶ̫࣬Ҳ֪޵ǿͬľ磬ϢɱԼĶ֡¼䣬˭Ϊأ亰˵š
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ԶԻǷǳӵģҪ齨һ֧Լֱָӵֱ޶飬һ֧ȫҳԼĻ޶顣ҪԴȷʵԶѰ޵ߣ˵Щܹǿǿȵ䱦ֵͲѰ޵ġ޵ģԻԼ
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亰㵽ʲôѣֱ˵亰
ˣҸһϻһҾͲܼӡӣҾûнˡ亰˵
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ǵģʮھʯҺҪ亰˵ͷ
Ϊÿʮھʯ;ܾ뿪ӳΪޣ
ԵĿУ¶һЩʧɫ
ƺǸо˳˶Լʧ亰ͳ˵ˣɳǣԼǡĸһġҵĸףˣҪԴΪơûӵн꣬ҾûԴΪĸ˲
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亰ѣĸ״ʱںδһʵ
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ˣҡ亰Ŀ⸡֡
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ʲô˵úԡ԰˰֡
亰һ뿪˳һ£Ҳġ
亰ļܹ׳޶飬Ժܸˡ޶ʮ˻Ļޣвɾʹˣ귨Լս󣬻Ժһ˻ͻƵ֮ôһ֧޶飬ΪһҪļ⵶Ϊɳɱǿĵˡ
ھֻһɳǣȫϻ˵򣬺ɳǰȫϵܸߡԺ󣬾뽫иԱȥģбضҪܶƿصĳСһˣ㵽Ҫ

ܹܺͰ׺˰ܹһʱ䣬Ūһ˰ķ׺ԣԾÿԡ
ݷӦ˰ɷһͬȥӣһĶ
ɳǹٷںɳҵӪСˣһºҪ˲׼ãȴ˰񲿷ֵƣ󣬽һĽ˰
˰ǽĴͳͷ
˰к󣬷Ȼ⡣Щ˺;̵СȵȣɲԸİװ״Լóָɳǡ٣еĲ֣Թϡ


2479 ʩѹ
ɳڵǣҲϣɳǿʢΪǿôе޵ͻ֮࣬Ӷ׬ӯ
ҪЩ˶ԺɳǿҹУǾǿˡҪ뾰Թͬɳǣǲ̫ܡ˵ɳǱˣֻҪܱסԼ棬ǾԲں
ԣ˰߹˱㲻ˡ
ǱױĴƹ񣬱ױǺɳڹģܴˣҪǷҲһЩֱʹõĲϣʳõݡɲԼһЩ⹦ЧƷ
ұױ¥󣬻һģΪǿʢȻǿҲһ֮еٮٮˡ봫ͳĳǿȣҲһ󡣼˵һЩǿԿҲ̫ѿ
ֽб̺ϣɶ̻ɵһ̻ᡣ
̺ϣҲڣΪǺϣǿ֮еġ
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Ǻɳڱױ¥Ĵƹĵ磬ڡڱ̺ڲǹԱ̺ϸ߲ɳǿչΪʵɳǱϾǱȽĳУʱܱĳУǿɳǲҵҲΪ˱һЩ
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ǲճɷ˰ǾԳпܾͻдԵ
ǰԣҲŽǶټûкõĶԲߡ۾΢УЩ䡣
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ȻûиõķǾôɡڣǾ͸ϵһӰ˺ʱˣҳ̸һ̸Ц˵
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׺ˣ뵽ĻС
ƹ񣬻λѣ֪һͬʲô飿׺Цеĳѯʡ
ݺͱںɳӰǺܴġ׺ΪܹܣȻҲʶ


2480 ׳н
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ֻҪɳǲǵԸںɳȥ
ǣ磡ˣӦ˳ȥĵ˻
֧СðնӵľǺɳڵһӰˡɳڣ洦ɼһЩӰĵĽջȥ
ķչɳǵķ۸סˣһĻոһЩʱ򣬷ļ۸ͻָԭ߳ɵӡ
ȻʱȻвٷڽйۡЩˣʱԺɳĻǲ㡣
ԷչٶȣҲû취һһھʯҲ
ڣĳ
ƹǸô죿
һЩˣۼȽƫƧԺУһ˿ʵ
ױ¥µķչˣʱû뿪ɳǣȻľô뿪Կ˻СҲࡣЩУ϶вǺڵģڸԿµĲҵԼ͵ļ۸񱻳ȥҪѸھʯС
λüǾԻצѡǺǣҵһֱڰй۲ڷļ۸ڷ۸ȻһĻָǹ۵ķȻǼ࣬ķȴټЦ˵𺡣
ΪҪǣչٶѾȵĽˡ룬ǵھʯҲõò˰ɣֲһ䡣


2485 ̻
Ļڳ˶Եͷ
ЩˣںɳڶҲһЩĿԴ̽ϢɳǳԳڹ۵ķչٶȣȷʵȿʼʱ˺ܶ࣬¶̷ļ
ƺǡھʯֻˡ
ƹһЩµĲҵȫչˣʧذ˿ʵж͸һɵѪζ
˶
յ鱨ʮǰͿʼĽķѣλӦöͼķѵԴҲǼ侪˵ġɳǳԴҲǺɵ¥ѡȻҲ٣³ǣҪõԴĵط̫ˡкܴİգǾв̫ھʯֻ۾
롭ʱ򣬾ӦûԸ̸еġ˵仰
̸У̸У
ƹǾԳδԸ̸аɣ˵ȫû̸еҪǵĲҵչˣΪλҪ̸Уܶ˶üĿ
Ǻǣûг룬ǾȻ̸С
룿ûг˰ƹĪǱױ¥ҪصĲҵһ
ʱҲˡűױ¥ûиҵģڡӦѾвˡڲ֮ǰѾ˰չЩȻ۸һҲֻԭ߳ңԸת÷ȻܶࡣЦš
λҲԶˡֻҪ㹻ķô룬Կ϶Ǵ̸дŵġһܾǵ飬ΪлвھʯΪԽѡһΣл㹻ھʯ𣿡˵
˶ˡ
ĦȭƾÿУҲǡϾǸողųһȥҵ뾰Գ̸УȻһðա
λǶ˵һЩԭ˵Ϣ
֪ҵݣǱ̺ϵˣұվӴı̺ϡҿԸǣѾܲĴֻͨҪ̸˳Ǳ̺֣ܲɳǷļ۸ָܻܿˮƽԣڼ߳ɵļ۸ҵʱҲغܶʧġȻˣɳǳ̸УҲҪ֮ǰߵĲҵչۻǡ
̣ĲȷʵҲ̺ܲͨˣܲĴļƻΪǿʩеġһɹǱ̺ںɳǻ׬ٵġȻˣ̺Ҳûɳ̫أҪȻӦûǲһҪﵽɳһֻһɷӡ
ˣ
ƹģ

Щ˻С죬Ҳûѡڲǵʧ޷ˡ
Ⱥ˸ĵںɳչŷڶвھʯֻȷʵкܶԸת÷ǵĶ˳ɾ˲ٵĲҵ
˶ϵʱ򣬺ɳ֮⣬һλԶĿ˵ִˡ
ˣǽ̻ĳϸ񽭡
̻ɳǵĹϵ˵ǱȽϸӵġʱ˫ìܳͻ̻뾰йһδڵĽףɳ̻ͨҲ˴ĸֽԴ
ڽ̻ܲԺɳǵ̬£ģܵĻҲһȻɳǵڶ࣬ǺɳǵľԳսʵǾˡǿ߽ãðһ㣬ҲֵõġУԳһλǿƷɵʦ
ңΪɳǿڶ࣬ʱ̻֦Ե
̻ĸ߲ֶΪ
߳ϣּˡûڳڼ񽭣ǵ˳λ̻ĳϣҲһǿ۷ǿߡ
Գˡ񽭶ԾԹ˹֡
һθ񽭼ԣһεĸоֲͬһԣûþǿѹĺɱǡ˵ʵھǰҲǺѹġʵȻҲǿĺɱǿ̫ࡣҲ˵ھԳǰʵϿ϶ǾԵơ
ǣҰУֻˡ
ԳǡΪҪأʳеɻ
ĵص㣬ǾԳµģԭֱӽɳǣ֮ǰ˴Ѷʱڳ档
ԣȻҲ֮ǰ֪񽭴˴ɳǣΪԼһϵ
ɳڣһЩС¡ЦЦŸ񽭡


2486 
Ծڳ񽭼棬Ϊ˱˶Ŀ
ʵʮ֮ǰ񽭾뾰ԴѶ񽭴Ѷ߾ԣڽڵɳһˡ񽭴˴ɳǵĿģҲΪ뾰ϵͬʱںɵ¥ɹһҩ
̻ĳǿڲȻҲԼɵʦ١Ծҩ̻ᲢҪɹǶһЩȽĵҩ̻ҲҪⲿ
죬͵ҩ˵ûκһȡܶ೬ǿʱҲôӰڲɹҩ
񽭴˴ɳǣɹһĿɵ¥ĳĿƷʺܸߣһ̻Ѿȷڳ۵ĳĿƷҲɵ¥ֳ̻ǿԳĿ൤ҩͦġΪЩǿһ㶼רŵԱڻԪռѰұжۡ
ΪڻԪռ䷢һżΪһֱڻԪռ
̻ᣬҲԼڻԪռ䡣
ںɳ£ǳıӵˣ΢΢һЦ˳ƹά˾һ䡣
Ȼ⻰Ҳ̫šĺɱǶںɳǱɵĸһ޵ںɳ£ǲ
£޷ֱҡҡͷ
ǾһָͷŪˡˣԺɳԺķչǳΪ˲ûйĴɳɷΪ֣ҲҲڡ
Īɳ˰йأɫ΢΢һʵ
ɳ˰²ʲôܣڤǵĳȻὫ̻ܲ񽭣Ҳ֪¡
ǰҾڳ˰һЩ˾̲סˡУԱ̺ϵΪǸֽĺǡ
Ϊ׵һȺˣ˲ٺɳǳڲҵͼ۲ҵá߳ϣ˵𣿡Լ˵
ϣ˰ĳмûС̺ϣѵίʵɺޣ񽭵˵ͷ˵ͨ۷ƾԳͷⷽǼֱֻҪԳ㹻ھʯֻİ취ɾвͨˡ
ھʯһЩҲ̫ࡣҺɳǣǰһʱһֱڽķѷǳ󡣡Ե
Ҳ˵ɳڽϢǴ¥ġ˵Գ뽨켶ǻȷʵǷǳĿֲĿһ˵
켶ĽѶȣ̫̫ˡ񽭣ʵҲ̫źɳܽ߼߼Ľ죬ҪǳߵʦɳǣжʦɳǾһЩʦҲ޷켶
ȻֻǲõžԵ˵ģͺˡ
ԣȷʵ켶Ե˵ͷ
ԿŸ񽭵۾񽭲̫źɳܹ켶
ЦżʮĽ죬ɳ켶ѾϡٹһЩʱ䣬ʽ⿪š
ʲôſڣһ
ôܣ
ʮʱ䣬ܽһ켶ϣ
Բܣǳǿ񽭿žԣЩ޷ȷϢĿŶȡ
߳ϣɳ켶źһӭһڣһһ
֪̻ûȤںɳðһЩҵ˵Һɳڣһ¥Ȼڿ¥ûĻ˿϶ȴҾǻȽԼҵļ۸Эʱ򣬸߳ϱúܵļ۸򵽴ĲҵԻ˵š
ھЩû˵ʱ򣬸񽭾ѾЦˡ
ʵϣ񽭶Ժɳ˽Ⲣ١˵ĶҲһŵ˽⡣ɳڷ۸ǵԾ㾰Բ˵Ҳ˳Ŵ̻ںɳǹĲҵ
ɳǿڶ࣬ɾԳʵǳ׺ںɳǹҵȷʵзգǽ̻߲ܲͨΪǿðģοԱȽϵ͵ļ۸ںɳ򵽴ķ
Գ㲻ö˵ģιǴ˲ٵھʯֻ񽭺ܸɴ˵
ãܺãǳãһ˵߳ϣڤǵϢ
˵ھͿø񽭵ɳڹ򷿲¥ֻҪϢȥɳǵķضܿסˡǣԲױˡһΣҪ˺úõĳԡ⼸Ĺ򷿲ϢҲ֪ġ


2487 ٳ
з۵ĲҵȫչԽϸߵļ۸й򷿲ʲô
ĿܣǿѾûжھʯֻǴԵڶδģ۲ҵҪЮԡ
ԳģҽھڤǵȺ浽Ц˵
񽭵λ棬ڳȥڤסԻصɳǵĳ
飬Ȼ羰Ԥе
еھʯ˴ķϳҪڶ̸Сһܹܰ׺ûǣֱӱó˵⡣
̬ȣȵķŭͬʱҲЩ̫ΪѾټչתõķЩļ۸Ȼܵ͡ΪĿܾǳû̫ھʯˡôһ̬Ϊλǲѵǳ֪Լ˴ķ
Բܣã㹻Ϣ
ǾԣѵΪҲô𣿡
Ǻǣ̺֧ܲôʲôһͲˣʱһͽڶĺɳǳѾ;ƿݵĵز
ڶδģķۣٴοʼˡ
һΣЩ˺СûмŴȵĽۣڵҲ۸߳ҵļ۸۲ҵһӶٷתãٴεó𶯡
ɳڹģѾСˣƽʱǾһмټ䷿תҲἤ˻Щ˶ǳעзĽ
˵ΪûκηӦ
Ϊ׵Ⱥ忪ʼзۡһΣǽ۵ķȱȽСȽϻ뿴ǲûдھʯֻˡ
ô֣
֣ߣ˵Ѿûھʯˣô֣
ʲô
һΣɳǵķҪˡ³ǣվȱ̰
ɳǽǲʱ䣬ȷʵûжٴҵӪ򵥵˵ɳǵľǱȽϴģ̫ܲصĴ
۷ˣֿʼˡ
ںɳӵвҵˣеĲվǺ£еķԼˣרɳһЩ˵ɢϢ˵ɳǿҪ군ˡ
Щ仯ɳǳûб̬ҲûκεĶƺѾ˶ԷĿƣƺǴɷ۵µˡңеֹͣˡǰһʱ䣬ԿܶԱǽһᡢլԺЩԱȫˡ
ּ󶼱ɳȷʵҪˡ
ⲿúɳǿҪܲסˡ
ٷǺóҲ˵鿴ƺóһۣɳҪڲڤڣд޵̸ۺɳǻּܼ졣ܶ˶ңԼûȥɳǹ򷿲ܵĿɾˡ
ԶڶƳǵ¥ֲ¥ˣͬעźɳǵ
ԺɳǣǷǳӵġΪɳǣ¥ܲݺݵһȻΪɳ¥ܲû̸£ܵĴҲأȻǷǳŭúɳǵĳ档
ˣɳǿҪˡҿûúɳǵаҪҪһаĳУڶ̶̼ʮʱԼˣǶ¥ӰҲáѶ¥߲ܲ㣬ɳǵоһЩΪԼ˼
ǿҪǵûɳǱȥ¥ɾҪˡȻʷϣаĳҲкܶ඼ˣǵϳаʮԼ߽ĳпɴûгֹĳУΪ类һݻˡһڲĳ֣˵¥ϹûԶ

ɳǣԽԽˡ
ڷļ۸µٶȼӿˡʱѾԭ۸һ¡˵ķۣûм˳ֹһЩˣѾҪ˵ˣǵʧܴǻ˺ܶھʯķѾֵǮˣ۳۶
һȺˡСĳԱԭױ¥ڵأŴŽյĽϴЦݡ
λǾáǾԳ󲻺ԼǿӲأ׽飬ҪŪһתһȺˣЦ˵
ױ¥Σٷָָ֣ԭױ¥ԤУױ¥ܿٴλصҵСλԭ̵ȵȲҵҲصλСǣʤߣ
ƹ˵ǣ
ûǾԳʵȷʵǿηչһУɲǿһ˵ʵܿƵġ

һȺˣ׷ƨҲΪãܵ⡣
ʱһ˴ӽֵһ߻ȺˣΪ׵ǳԡԳߣŴܹܰ׺һЩĸ߲ԱԱ⣬һɫ۵Уھ࣬һ۾ͿɿѰ


2488 
ԳһȺˣԭױ¥λȥ
λãںɳڳǵģܽ˵ǺɳΪĵضΡ⸽̷ֵ࣬޵ߵӰﲻԶĺɵ¥˴Ҳǧҵ·̡
ԣһ˳ֺ̾˴Ŀ⡣Ȼڳڹ¶࣬ɳȻкܶ޵ǼԵģǵնɱɱǴΣõʱڳһ޵߶ԡھкܶǺɳǲԵ棬Ҳɴ˿е֪λɫ۵ӾǺɳǳԡ
ˣҲ˾Գһˡ
ǣĿӡϵЦݣ֮ʧһ̣Ŀб¶һ˿Ϊϳھǽ̻ĸ񽭳ϡ
ڱ̺ҲбȽϸߵλģϾ֮޵ߣУԸǿҪҲһЩ˽⡣񽭣ǽ̻ܲλܸߵ
ôͻȻ
Գ¶ˡ
ӳڷ۸ɽһ㲨ƺǾԳһι¶ɣ
ûȷʵǵһ¶档ǰȻڴչֻǳܹܰ׺һΣԳԳ棬Īʲô
ǡ˵Ѿûиھʯ𣿺ס۸˰ɣ

˽ȺšǣȻûϳ̻ĳϸ񽭡
ƹ񣬾ԳƺǱűױ¥ġߣһ˵˵
ƹóҪʲô
᲻̸УǣǴǽ̸УӦòѡڴ֮ͥ°ɣ
һȺˣü˼˾þԳ̸ˣ˾Ҫ̸УӦ˽Ӵǡô˵ЭǺܶ
ԼЩ̫ԡ᳤̻ϸ񽭵ĳ֣Щ²ɺϡ˵ۣû˵κλĿ⣬һֱھԺ͸񽭵ϡɣǲ񽭰д˽סǣɳ̻Ĺϵǲ𣿺ɳǸոսǵʱ⾰Ի̻˵Խ̻ý̻ĳǿ᲻ǳ
Ҳע⵽ΪĿȽϸӣ벻עⶼѡûɨһۡ
ˣǸ˾Ǳ̺ϵ׺ھע⵽˾Ŀ⿴˵һ䡣
šԵͷ
˵䣬ԡһѾԭױ¥Ľǰ
߳ϣǸĽ֮һ֮ǰ̺һױ¥ǳڣѾ±˻ڲĴԴЦŶԸ񽭽˵
λȷʵǳ񽭺ӡ
Գˣ㡣¥һ۰ɡ񽭻һתֱӵ˵
˽̸ǱȽϴġȻҲǹģĿľҪڳ⸽޵٣ֻҪ֪£Ϣܿͻᴫɳǣӳڴȥ
߳ϣʵʵ˵¥ڲԴԭ˴һǧھʯ֮ԽǾ۸ܵͣ߳ҪֵĻ۸Ҫһ̶ϸġΪһǧ˰ھʯļ۸˫ȽϹƽԻ˵
¥صҪǽڲĸԴʵûн۶١ԣԼӼھʯ۸ˡȻ۸ҲԲߡ
ԳˬˣôͰ۸ɡ΢΢һЦ
͹ͨˣڲϷѣһжޱȵ˳
˻˻
һЩȺд
һǧ˰ھʯ
ڳ޵߶ԣǧڵھʯⱲӶɳڣضαȽϸߵסլֵҲھʯھʯܴլԺ۸Ҳһʮھʯ̵ǹһЩױ¥¥ֵǴﵽھʯġ
֮ۼ֤Ĵףúܶ˶ĳȡ
һᣬ˭Ȼӳ¥ˣ
˭ʶˣΪҪʱںɳӴһ¥
ûʶߡ
ѵˣ֪ɳڷ԰ɳǷϢ֮ⶼдˡλ߿ȥҲͨˣϢ˱ɣ
˺ܿ쾪ѣǳԾΪҪ¥Խϸߵļ۸


2489 
Ⱥ۷׷׵ʱ
һЩӰȻǱ뵽ȺС
λﶼʶ𣿡ЩȺˣ¶һȵı飬дŲ˼鿴ܵ޵ߡðߡ
ѵʶ̾ͷʡ
ҵȻʶˣǿһ̻ǲ᲻֪ɣЦ
̻ǵȻ֪У˭֪̻᣿ԣ˼ǡǽ̻ˣ˷Ӧ𾪡
Ȼǽ̻ĸ񽭳ϣЦ
ϢɽһȺӿ̶ʱڣ˶֪ոպķһǧ˰ھʯ¥ߣǽ̻ĸ񽭳ϡ
¥䱳ǽ̻ᣬҲΪǽ̻ںɳһģܴ¥
˶ˡ
żԺ͸һʵѾԤеһֿܣǺɳ̻ᰵдʲôס뾰Թ¥ȷһ㡣
̻ˣ
Խ̻ۺʵҪסɳǵķֱ̫ˡ
־ŭ
죬ջǷĹۡӦҲܿ죬ָʾ£̺ںɳǻյķ׼ȡۡ
ȻµҲܿ췴ѶϢƿصķѾǰһ̱չˣһȺˣͬʱչеķЩչģҲ̺µĲҵһЩˡС¹۵Ĳҵͬһëû¡
ˣȺͻȻð˼ֱǶǣǷչЩͼ۵ķгϣǵĶǳ١
ˣˣɫϡ
һΣ̺ʧǷǳ޴󡣵һγչ¥ȵȲҵʱȻЩ⣬ǲûнΪʱĸо»ûзڣ̻ʽԼб̺һᶼûˡǱ̺ȫ֧ٽˡ
һž޴ʧģߵһȺˡЩˣȫɵˡһεʧδܳһʱ޷ָԪ
Ȼֶεʱûн
ʱ򣬳ܹܰ׺ԾȺʮ֮뿪ɳǡԺ󣬺ɳԶӭˣ̺ϡ
ϢȫǻȻ
ǡôôƾʲôƾʲôҵȣ˻Ӷˡ
ǣƾʲôҪ뿪ûΥɳǵɷ
ЩˣһЩܲĵĽš֮УѾµˡɳǣԺҲǽɳǣǾʸûˡ
ںɳǵѾˣ̻ǿƽ룬úɳǵĶֱӾˡõɳǵķ۸񽫻ȵȻ˵Ƕ٣ǳǰļ۸Ǳضġ
ǿǴĽ̻ᣡ
ĳǿ֮һ̻ںɳҪ¥ҹ̻ᶼúɳǵķչЩ˻ʲôҪĵģڲԺ͵úķѸھʯˡ
ƾʲôǣЦ
ƾǺɳǵĳƾҾԵģԴ˵
ǰһЩʲôԼ˵ԼûΥɳǵɷãҹҳ˵ǣۺɳǵķûκ˱ȰɣΪҪȽۣҵĺɳǣѵָǾϱɣǿЦЦ
ʮ֮ڣͨͨҪɳǡɱ⣡˵ʱɱڣĿɱ
˸о˾Գϵɱ⡣
˿ɾԳ˵ͻλˣĺɱǶնɱĴڡ̺ϵһи߲ԱҪ˵ɱҲʲôѹ
һ£ҲٽˣҲ
ˣˣҡֻǱɱ˰ԭԭǲ̺סլİ⡣˿޺š
Բǡ
볡Ⱥߡ
ɳڣʼķͷ

һͨլԺУ޵ţ
գҼլԺй۵ӡǵլԺ׼۶԰ɣ޵ߣѯլԺˡ
ǲˡլԺҡͷ˵
𰡣۸⴦լԺֵһǧھʯҸھʯôеһ޵Ŀ˵
治ˡԺҲûطȥˡլԺ˵ھʯǵԺӣ΢΢һ£Ǿܾˡ


2490 չǱ
ԺҲֻͨϾðߣǰһʱɳǷɽһзǳʵ̲סҲŹԺʧǣȴһֱʽ򡣾䣬ŽջأҲͨˣԼһסķٱˣԼסǼ۸Ҳ޹ؽҪˡ
ԭҲû뵽սջغ󻹲ʱ䣬˵빺Ժˡ
ѾоۣҲ˵뷨Ѿ֮ǰתˣ˵ţҲû׵ĸı⡣
޵߼Ժ̬ȱȽϼҧǧھʯĲٶˡԸԺھͿԽףϴ㹻ھʯֻ
˼ҪԼıԺñԺҲò졣Ժˣʵδ˵̻פɳǵϢ֡һǧھʯʽסլôһҹʱ䣬۸֮ࣿ
ԺҲɵ
ǧھʯļ۸ѾܲˣԺѵھʯҲھʯҲ˵ǧھʯԺĿͲ̫ˣҪһǧھʯתʧٺܶࡣ˼е̬ȣñԺģУǲǷԼ֪顣
ǸˣһԺҲ׼תãλ뿪ɡԺ˹ϵĶԶ˵
仹Щģ˼ҲԸҲû취ֻ̾Ϣת뿪
ʱĺɳǣƵʱзһЩӱȽˣʼչϧȵļӼۡȻˣ۸Ҳ̫ࡣΪ˭֪ɳǣǵĹģӴò˶ãɳǾṩķ
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û¼ɳǵ˿ȷʵܻᾮ磬ӣҲǱȽϻġ
գɳǵķ۸ڿٻָԭ۸󣬼۸ˡ
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ģǽ̻ôפɳǣ¥ɳǴϢŭɶ˻
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˭֪ȺʲôǼͷ贷ִӡ
н̻פɳǵķ϶ǲˡһҡҡͷ˵
ɳǣǰûһǿפ˽̻פеķֵɡ¥ˣǷҲ˰йһЩ顣
֮ǰפɳǱ̺ϣ̺Ȼǿ󣬵ĳǿ
һ³ǣбȽϺõķչǱô򷿲ǿ׬ȡھʯĽݾЩУѾﵽǳߵļ۸ˣ㹺УֵٶҲܻɺɳ³ǲһн̻פ֮Դڷֵ
ûǸҪҡͷ˵ڽ̻פɳ֮ǰǴзܴ׬һʡڣѾʱˣɳǵķȻѾָԭˮƽϣ㻹ֵռ䣬Ҳ̫ˡ
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ߣһ̻ỹ֪ôðģôܻи೬ǿפһ¶мı顣
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׺ڷˮƽˣѯʰ׺
ʱѾǽ̻ṫפɳǵһ֮ˡ
ͨסլһ׼լԺ۸ĿǰԼǧھʯҡ׺Ӧ˵
ɳڣһ׼լԺҲסң󡣶׺˵ģͨסլЩλúõġ
ڳ˰֮ǰɳǵͨ׼լԺ۸ھʯӡ
ļ۸Ѿǳˡ׺ֲһ䡣
ţҲǺɳǣٶȺܿ졣ԵͷЦЦ˵Щ˶һǽɣɳǵķӦἱӡʱ򣬷۸˵϶½
ˣдйǺɳǵķʵ
׺ҡͷ˵յ鱨ǿֻн̻Ǻɳǹ˲ٷĳǿĿǰûз֡


2491 
ɳǵ鱨ţһֱйעеЩûнɳǡ
ĿǰΪֹûʲô֡
ʵϣ˵ЩǿЩбȽϴһҲûнɳǵġЩȻҲͬĿΪɳǶûͶʼֵɳƺҲ߱ͶʼֵΪɳǻһֲĵƲȥǾ
ӾںɳնɱĸɱǺȻδʲô˭֪һֱûжġڻûֻ˵û׼áһжˣǱض֮ƣʱ򽫻Ժɳһɱ
ûΪ
Щ۸ҲͲ̸֮ɫˡôǻ˭ȥӶɱˣ
ǳǿ䣬ҳְɱһɳǣη壿
Ҫ֪һɵ۴ˣһʱήɵۡ
ԣ˵УɳǶûгԶķչǱҲͲȥںɳǳͶʡ
ȻˣһֱûжԺɳǳ֣ҲһֱûʲôϢҲȷʵ뾰ԳʵйءӦǾãԳʵǿɱǺѶԾԳвԣӦڰн׼һЩϢͨʵҲ֪кɱǣ鱨ǿ֪ĺɱλڻԪռ䲢֮ڡҪӻԪռٻغɱǣҪܳʱ䣬ҲҪ֮á
ɳǻмĺӿԹ
û˿ǰ¶һĨЦ
̻ѾפɳǣȻûɳǣɴ˿ɼЩǿԺɳǵ̬ȡ
Ҫڲǻڡֽ˵һ䡣
Щɳǡ
ֻҪɳǵʵ㹻ǿЩҵʵĴͲһֱ
׺ǽôˣתʵ
ݹ滮ǵһ׶εĽѾӦķͿԿˡ׺˵
ڸҪķ󷨣ĲáյھʯˣҲܹӶʦ
ţˣȥæɡԶ԰׺ͷ
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󣬺ɳǴķͶгǵķڳǷ۸Ǻܴǵ̵ȵҵϣ޵Ǳ㲻ἱȥǹ򷿲ڴ󲿷޵˵໨ھʯҲԸںɳǵڳðһլԺ
棬ǿһЩ̣Чԡ
ûд޵߾ʽӿɳǣǺɳǵǷͻҲܽǷ۸񶨵̫͡Ƿ۸͵һ̶ȣвڳǷ۸

ǷôͿˣ˰ɣ
˭ӽˮˣŻȥǹ򷿲һ׼լԺۼҪڰǧھʯǺǡ
ԳǣʵûǸҪںɳǵķչٶȣûиǧʱ䣬ڳǶסˡ
ɳǵڳǣǿһǧ˾סġչٶȣȷʵǧʱ䣬ɳǵڳǲŻ޷ɽе޵ߡðߡ
ǣ
УڰС
ܲѶɳǵĽ
Ǿ̫ˣΪнˣ޵߾ͻӿ룬ǿЦڵһλҪЦһ˵
ǣԿΪԼĳԽ󣬶޵ߵԽô򵥣˭УҲЦ˵
עɳǵô˵Ǻɵ¥ǻһвġ֪̻Ӻɵ¥ɹһĿɵλҪ
ϴˣסΪƾһ¥֧Ųĺɳǣ̫ˡ幧˵
һ£˵⼸죬һֱںɳڹ۲졣ɳǵķû˹⼸ȥˣȥķֻиλҼС͵ı׼סլ
ţŰɡڵ˵֮УҲûӺɳǵ˼ò˶źɳǣһϰ߰ˡ
ͬʱɳǣڳڣ޺ǰ
ˣ޺ƶԾԼ
ţ޺ƣ׼ôˣʵ
׼Ѿɣмҵʹü۸Ѿοеܹˡ޺΢΢˵
мң㣬ӦҲ˼͵ؼҲ켶εʹü۸Ҫƶ


2492 
˼ؼʹü۸͸ģʹ÷𲢲Ǻܴһ˵ͳеʹ÷ѻһЩҲ߲١ø̫߳Ļ޵Ǿͻѡеˡ
ɳǵ켶ΪҪ㡣㣬ȡ޺Ͱ׺žͿˡ
ĿǰԻûжʹöۡ
ɳǵȽ⣬ԿǶȪʯġʹ÷ѣǻᳬѰġѰ¶òɳǵĸ߼ҡ
׼ˣͿŰɣ˵
ǣ޺Ӧ
ԴܽҲһʱ䡣ʱ䣬޺һֱ׼һרŴӳѡһЩӢʿ˵ڣɳʱ޵߿ˡ
޺Ƹ˺󣬾۾
ѻȥӦû˺ܶɣ֪˽ɳǡ԰ת
뾡Ľɳ׳ҪɳǸǿķչ̫̫࣬ˣûôʱȥ
ҲԼǰȷʵصġ
ˣ̫ˡ
ڣȷǣ˥ܣضɵ۵ӰӴڡܣֹһɵۡһֱûдĿںţµľеɵۡڵ޷ɵǸǿߵġֻҪɵԳ֣Ǻɳ̼ͻữΪУˣҲɵ۵С
ԣǾҲʲôطĵʵԼɵ۲Σ򡣵ǣָӦִǿˣڤڤиӦԼɵ۲ΣǾҪһȺ⣬ôͺпܸͲܴﵽɵ۵ĲΡ
ȻҲǾԵ顣Կĵﵽɵ۵ĲΣֿԿ¼ΪãҪ֪Եļ磬һ磬ɵ۴ġΪǸ飬ԵעɵϢϢصġ
Ϊˣĵﵽɵ۾磬һĶûС
ΪﵽΣкܶǿġиӦȴ֪ӦԴͷʲôΪλĸӦڻ磬˷Ҳһ򡣿һһֵ򡣻ֻдﵽɵ۾磬Ϊĵߣ˽⵽ࡣ
ҶԵգˮԷƺΪԾһܣɫ׹鲼
ӽʱ䣬ȻܶྫڷչɳϣǴδͣЪġڣŪһЩʯԵٶȺܿ졣
ĵ磬Ҳ֮пܴڿڡ
֪ҪãҲʩչڴš
֮ԴΨһһȺ幥
Իȷܵжǿ󣬵϶ǷǳֲġϻĻôһȥѰ̼͵ûΪҽһоոһȺ
գ
ɳǣλá
ɳλڳģһŲ״ڳǱȽĿġ
кܶ޵߶Ѿ֪ʲôˡ
ɳǽͲʲôܡʮǰ¥ųϢ˵ɳҪ켶ʱ޵߼ɳǲΪɳǵ쿪켶ܽģԺɳǵʵͲܽɹ
ȻûʲôΪɳĿԽ켶Ų״ʲôģ֪ܶģҲû⡣ɳҪǳ顣
һðߣʱǰĽֵ߹
ðߣĸˣǶͬһðŵĳԱǣպڼǰŴӳʤصعһðŽʤصأջСðżûʲô˵һαȽɵ֮áûʲôջȴȽϷǻصɳصļʱðµľ񶼱ȽϺá
ǽӳʤصصõջںɳתΪھʯȳõĻԴвðߣҲ⽫һЩھʯϡ
ðߣǸոմһǷһҹ
ٶھʯðһ˳̾һ뵽յѣ̲סЩۡ
ðһΣһΣҲӦáһ˵ǲڻĵطһЩھʯ
ףǿӹҳˣĪǿˣһͻȻһָŲԶ


2493 Ч
ʹڣӽֵϾԶɿ
޵ߡðߣҲϰˡܴ˾ʱȥ⿴һʵĽ
ŶˣѵĿˣһü
ǰŲ״Ĵһֱǹرյġ
𣿲̫ܰɣŶʱ䣿
硭ǹȥһת顣
ոմӻгðߣź˹ȥûĸ˸ոսУͿͳһеڽ䱸
λѿҪʹңܿйԱЦӭ
ĽӴԱ
ĽӴԱŮ޵ߡ
ҿʹ𣿡һðߺĿܡ
ԿڲǳӴһһֱе
ԵġǺղſʼʽ⿪šλǷԸҵЧأӴԱЦ
ңеЧһ𣿻᲻ᡭûʲôԵЧĸ˶һۺͿȥһЩð߲̫ε
ǲȫһģЧ϶ҪȾЧáУҲ˵ˣûЧǽȡκʹ÷ѡӴԱ
ʮðŶںɳһֱûùҪԿһð߿ˡ
Ծԡ˵ͷ
ʹ÷ô㣿ͽϴһЩð߿ӴԱʵ
Ǻ켶оŸȼһͣżߡ֪λѣʹһأӴԱᡣ
ӴԱ˵켶ĸð߶ЦЦȻǲ̫ţΪӴԱ˵̫ˡ
ͼҡͽϴðߵ
һʹ÷ѣΪһÿһھʯʹʱСλΪһ졣ӴԱ˵
һ¼ΪǺոտţʹ÷ǾۡҲ˵ͼʹ÷һΪǧöھʯ
ðٴζһۡ
ǺãǾȹһһʹʱ䡣ͽϴð˵ʱ˳ó˾ǧöھʯӴԱ
ӴԱһöƵݸԷ
ƣǽҵԿס
һʹʱ䣬Ҳʮʱʱ䵽ˣ޵߱ᱻԶͳҡȻҵ޵Ҳǰ뿪ҡ
ȥԿЧĻ֪ͨǡͽϴð߶˵
ȥȥɣ
ţš˷׷˵
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߶һķҿռڵ
䣡Ũʱ˷ӿ壬ð΢΢һɫҲ΢졣
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ڽ֮ǰͬ˵ԹЧ󣬻ᴫѶ֪ͨǡǴʱ˿̣ᵽҵЧ󣬾֪ͨԼͬˡ
һʱȥˡ
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һǵĴѶ
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ҲûѶҡ
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᲻ʲôˣ
ٵȵȿɣ
ðߣ΢Щˡĸ˹ϵǷǳ׽ģҲܵĽҵðߡ
һʱȥҵð߻ûκѶϢ
ǵ֮ͬǰ˵ᴫѶҵЧʱȥˣȴûиǴѶ᲻£㡭ܴܲҿһð߶ӴԱʵ
λģǵڲ󷨷ǳȶҵ޵߳⣬󷨱иӦҵʯҲڵһʱʹ򿪡ӴԱ΢Ц͡
⼸ðҲ޼ƿʩֻܼȴ
ֹһʱ
ҵðߣһ
ʹ죬ʹ죡
ңǰʹùҪò١ңʹ÷ѱȶеһһЩ
ã⡭ǴѶȥˣðɫ΢΢һ䣬ʱԼͬ黹š
æóѶʼѶ
ڣҲǿʹôѶġȻˣ͸ⲻ̫ܣǳǿ
ðߣЩסˣĿжǽǡ


2494 Ҷų
ǽ겻׼Ѷðųʱǵͬ飬ǴڴѶ
Чܺã
ֻʱʱ䣬Ѿоһ˿

ðڵõͬĴѶ󣬶ЩȻ֮ǰȷʵ̫źЧܺáɳǽ񲻹ʮʱ䣬Ӧʮǰſʼʮʱ䣬ܽɣ
ǵͬѾѶǿԲźҲԲźɳǳԼͬ顣
ˣҲ׷׽һھʯҡ

ɳѾųʱʱ䣬ԽԽע⵽һ㡣
ϢҲ֮
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ţѾȷ϶⿪ˡҽȥӴԱңѾʹáƺ֮ûߣӴԵÿտյġ
ǺǣʮʱܽʲôʹãЧҲܺá
ǣʹңҲȥٷǡڤǣֲԶ
ɳǿ켶ٷЩе켶ȣ
켶ƭ
ĽӴԱô˵ġ
û˽ȥԿЧջĻҲ·ȥóˡ֮ǰʹһֱóǡ޵ѯʸˡ
ԿҾ͵ھʯǵھʯҲǴġ˭ҪǲںھʯǿȥԡЦ˵
ɳڣԽԽ޵ߡð̸
ˣۼԶ
ԸȥҳԵģȴëǡڵǣȥԣҲżǵȱȴͷ󣬵ȷЧԼȥǸãЧãǻʡھʯ

һ͵լԺڡ
ųˣ
լԺһðŵפءһӵðߵðţģǲСˡ
һðŵĶӳ첽ų֮ǰ
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ӳ뷿䣬ֱӿ˵ųɳǵˡ
Ŷˣų΢΢һ
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ųüҲ̫˵㣬Ч̫ðɣ
ղѶңҪңҲ֪ˡڣڡ˵ЧǳãȴеЧҲҪǿһӳ߰һЩ
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ðŵųҲ֪ϾðҲֻð߶ѣԼðŵĳԱ˵ÿһָƣûвʶġðŵˣҲڤվΪ
ߣȥ
ЧĲԺɾķˡųվ
ǣӳæӦ
ðţֽкҶðš
ںɳǣһġ˵ɳڣģкҶðôģ
ҶðһȺðʱ򣬱ȻСС궯һЩ޵ߣʶҶðųġ
Ҷðŵˡ
ţųˡ
ǡѵʹúôˣӻ󣡡
ֻǹɣ
ȺУ˽
ҶðϤһЩ޵ߣҲǰȥкҶðŵųµһȺˣֻӦ˼䣬㶼
Ǻ켶оŸȼӴԱԺҶð˽
Ҷų΢΢üʵôշѣ
ǺĶңÿʹ÷ھʯΪտţʹ÷ΪۣÿǧھʯӴԱ΢ЦԺҶų˵
ţʹʮҡҶųԵ˵ͷ
ҶųʮھʯӴԱӽӴԱнӹһöҵԿסԺ󣬱һӴԱҶųڶ㡣
ҶðŻǴʹء
źҶųˣɲֻкҶðŵĳԱкܶԭۼ޵ߡǿҶųھʯ׼ҺǵıЩˡҶųеǣһöңÿʹ÷ѿǽӽھʯ
ҿҶų˳Ҫڳԣ⼸ʮھʯҪˮƯˡʮھʯںҶųԲʲôɡֻ˵
ǾȵȿЧܲĻҶųӦúܿͻ˿źҶųʧڽϺ˵


2495 Ӧ
£޵߶ǺܴģӦǽڶԵҩ
񣬺ɳڻԾ޵֮߰࣬Щ޵кܴһֶʹԼľ硣ɳ֮ǰûǾͻᵽĳʹ
֮µ޵ߣһʹ˼Ҳ㹻ˡҶų۷ε޵ߣںʹõҲǶң˼Ρһң˼εҡ
һЩͨ𾳽޵߶ʱҲʹ˼
г㣬˼߼ңÿʹ÷ѴԼǶʮھʯӣʮǶھʯһǧھʯһʱ䣬ǾҪǧھʯɴ˿ɼ˼ķѣҲǲˡ
ڵؼǺķѾ͸Ϊˡؼͼļңÿʹ÷Ҳﵽھʯһһھʯ
޵˵һʱ䲻ָһ˲ѡ룬ж޵ܳʹ
ڣ޵ҲҪʹͱ˵Щðߣһ㶼ǾһԺŻ΢ʹһʱ䡣
Ĵ֮У޵ߡðߵԽԽࡣ
޵֪ҶųʹҺһҲЩȡ
ԽԽ޵ߣţҲӰȴŽ
ȻҶųûдҳ෴ģҶðŵڶԱڲ֮󣬶ӴԱ֧ҵʹ÷ѣ½Ľһҡ
޵ߣҲعζˡ
Ч
ң϶ЧҪȻҶðŵΪζʹң
ˣһǺҶųʹҺоЧ֪ͨ£Ҳʹҡ
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ҵʹһ䣬ϴʹǼʮǰˡȻɳҲʹã÷ˡӴԱ
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еĽӴԱѾﵽʮΪʹҵ޵ڶʱڱҲЩæֻ޵Ŷӣһ
޺ĳͨ濴һе龰ԭЩľɳҲ¶Цݡ
ҶðںɳǱȽϴǴͷǷ˺ܶడ޺
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ʱ䣬еһҾȻˡһоǧŰپʮż䣬ʱ䣬һҾͱȫˡҲ˵һңÿܸԴ룬ǴﵽԼǧھʯ
ʹ÷ѣǾۡ
ۿƺǺܴ󣬿ھ޵˵ʮġԭҪһھʯֻҪ֧ǧھʯʵʵڵĺôһһң൱ڽʡһǧöھʯңЧ֮ǰʹùЧúܶࡣ
Ĵʹöҵ޵Ҳˡʹҵ޵ߡʹҵ޵ߣһЩݵģеˡˡСԣҲ޵ݣƽʱҲġ׬ھʯΪṩԴǿܾͲô׬ȡھʯͷ
ڣԺ޺ƽ̸
죬ѾǺŵĵʮ졣ܹܰ׺Ҳ
ˣһڹӦһЩ޵߶ǰ֧ʹ÷ѣҿճ޺ƶԾԻ㱨ҲһЩ߿ǲȴҲѡȥС
ţ޹ؽҪĿǰɡȽɳһ̶ȣٽڶԵͷ˵
⼸գҲǳźÿ춼ܸȻ˵תҲҪھʯȻԴȻǳɵġ
˼Һ֣ؼεأתʡ
ˣؼεҡĿǰֻ޵ʹùһļҡǺɳǵ֮޵̫ˣؼεң֮µ޵߿ǲ̫á޺
ɣᵽؼЧԸʹáЦЦ˵
ˣź󣬶Ǻɳǵǳ󡣡׺һ˵
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ֱֹ࣬Ǳǰⲻʮʱ䣬ͳƳĽʾɳǵĻԾ˿Ѿﵽ˰˰֮࣬ǰ˽ӽһӡ׺д˷ܡ


2496 ѹһѹ
ʮһȷʵ侪ˣٶȣһ¾ǽˡһº󣬺ɳǵĻԾ˿ڿܾҪһǧˡ
˿ڿӰҲ֮仯ġ򵥵˵ɵ¥۶һе׳Ǿ벻˿ڵġûˣнٺҲûá
ǺɳǵǣҲʼⶳˣ֮ǰһֱʽ򷿲ѯʵԶˣҲȥһЩ׺˵˫ĿŹâ
ţעһ¶ʦǺɳҪʦʦԶáԵͷ
ǣһעʦʦ׺Ӧ
һ£ҪǳӡǿʢޱȣԱڶࡣȻ˥ܣ϶кܶԭ˻šڣרųһѰ͸ѰԱҵͰнɳԶһ˵
ⷬǶ԰׺޺˵ġ
׺޺ƽɳҲһʱ䣬ݲδ⹫ΪݱȽ⣬ǰǶǸıݵġܹܵıⱻ˲ȱҲУͬԱ֪˵ݡ
ˣֳһѰרѰЩԱ
׺޺ƶһۣصĵͷͷҲǻȡ

⿪Ŷʮ󣬺ɳǻԾԱﵽŰʮ󣬺ɳǻԾԱﵽһǧ
ڵǣ޵ߴóǡڤǺٷЩɳǲԶĳ޵ɳǻۣɳǱȽԶ绢ĳ޵ߣҲӿɳǡ
޵ӿɳǣúɳ٣иһƬȡ
ԭЩԺɳǲΪûǱЩˡЩǰûפɳǣפĻҪĳɱɾͽˡ
ˣвٵ׷פɳǣǹ̾Ӫ⣬һ˺ɳǷ۸һ֮ǰɳڳǱ׼СסլһԺļ۸ǧھʯҡڣ۸ѾֱﵽھʯǵլԺ۸Ҳдȵ
ǵլԺھǿõģҲڳС۸ȻҲǳ˵㡣Ƿļ۸񣬻ڳǷ۸ߡֲɵȻὫǵĴһ̶ļ۸
óǡ
óǵĳʱڴѶܲĸ߲
ˣó޵ʧȽأܶ˶ԼóǵķȻȥ˺ɳǡóǳε˵
óӴ˿ڻʧ˿ڵҲʲôóǳڷ۸Ѿ½ơ
ɳô𣿡챯ڵλʵ
ȷǣɳһЧȷʵǳáóǳӦ˵ɳǷǣǵ켶
Գֶκǿ˵Լ켶̫Цˡʮʱ佨һ켶ʵ챯ڴЦһ
ˣǸô죿Щ޵ӿɳǣҲû취ǿֹóǳء
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ѾõһЩϢվѹһѹɳġ
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ʱˣȻ֪ţӦҲҪ̫ʱ䡣ǺǣɳǴ˺ܶ˵ЩϹҲסҲ챯ڵĴ
챯ڣĳǿ֮һóǣ챯ĳС
ͬʱٷҲ顣
ֻڤǳǫȽϵȻΪ̻ҲӺɳǵ׳еõ˺ܶô̻ᣬںɳǿʵ˲ٵĲҵ
ȻˣĳɹҲý̻ܲԾС񽭶źɳܽɣû뵽ǣɳǲʮʱ䣬ͽˣʽ⿪š
ΪɳǵĿдǵĴССҲһ𶯡һЩפɳǣѾԶǱȽСġЩȽϴûʲôǳǿǳסϵʲô鶼ûз
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ʱɳǵĻԾ˿Ѿﵽһǧ֮ࡣס˿İ˿ڰ˰򡣳ס˿ڵıһ˵ںɳǹ÷޵߱ˡ
һգǧҶһ̻ĸ񽭳ϸԴѶϢ
ͣͷ飬鿴ԼĴѶ
ԳϲϲɳǵķչٶȣĿడԳǽܶ˶ݺһЦӴѶд


2497 ƺƴ
ɳǽǲ꣬˿ȴǳһǧ׳ٶȣ
߳ͻȻҴѶӦòΪҵذɣЦһ˵
ȷʵһҪ뾰Գ˵񽭵˺ܶࡣ
ǽ̻鱨ѼһЩϢ¥ԺĽƺ⿴񽭼˵
Ϣɳǵ鱨δա
ʵҲɳǵ鱨ţȻ޷ֳ̻ǿȡ
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ܻһЩԺĶ˵켶ǿܻ¡񽭵
Գ׼¥Ķ֣ǿ϶ȫ׼񽭶һµ
֪ˣںɳǵǣЦһ

ʱҴң
תۣǿ˰ꡣ
ʱ䣬ɳǵ˿ڲࡣ񣬻Ծ˿ѾǴﵽһǧ֮ޡ
ԺɳǵӰȷʵǷǳ޴󡣰֮ǰɳǵĻԾ˿ڽǧٶ򡣰ʱ䣬ʹﵽһǧ
Ȼʱƣ˿ٶԽԽһ£˿ӻûﵽһ򡣵Ŀǰ̬ƿֻҪ⣬ɳò˼꣬˿ھܴﵽǧ
ڤǵȶǳУ˿һҲǧѡڤĳУǶ֪ˡɳǣǻꡣ
һԱȣܿɳǵĿֲˡ񣬺ɳȻаϵĳС
һ¥ǱȽεġ
һգɳһȺЩˣƷǷһͲѰֺһзеӡ
¥ֲ¥ȻС
ǣȺ˲Ϊ׵ġԿ¥Ҳһɫ۵޵̬Ϊǳ壬ҲԱߣʱĶǺ˵һ仰
һȺˣƺƵС
ɳǵҲ̽ϱ
衢ͻȻɳǣȻô򵥡Ⱥڽֵ߹ʱ򣬽ֵϵЩ޵ߣ׷ױá޵ǣɫǳŹ֡
ǡǲǶƳǵĳ𣿡˵˵
ԣǶƳǵĳǰڶƳǴʱ䣬λ
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Ѱ޵߶ԣ衢ЩȷʵǴˡңǲ⣬ʵҲ֮
Ƴǣ֮ΨһǳС
Ƴǣһǳǿʢļ塣Ҫ֪ڻԪ򣬼һǺѷǳǿġΪʵԽǿ޵ߣԽѷܺ͵£κһϵԱͲ̫ࡣ
֮ǰķ죬ЩҲֻһռһطΪ塣ңЩ廹ҪſͲܾܱ⸲
˵һɵ۴˵ļ壬ҲЩǿȥ⡣
˾ңȴ⡣˾Ǽ̺ʵȴ˿ȳǿ˾ҵ棬һɵۡ˾ҵǿʢΪһλɵۡ˾ڲ֮ǿܶ࣬۷һǿ߶һЩ
ʱɳǣȺӵĺӣ˾һϵԱΪҲ۷徳硣ƳǳУ˾֮зǳҪĶӡԣ嵱ȻҪɳǳļԱضƳǡ˵֣˾ٽܡ
˾ֱ֣ȥ¥΢Цѯ˾ٽܵ˼
ţĿľúȻҪȥ˾ٽ΢˵ͷĮ˵
ǣǣ¥ͷ
һȺʮңд󲿷ֶǸĳԱеǴ衢ĳԱеСһЩԡܹһ¥Ĵǹؼ¥ôЩǺѱ£һġ
ɳǵĿģҪٵ¥ĸ߲㣬Щŭˣǲ뿴ɳչȥǻ¥𡣶¥ֲ̫ԣԱ㽫˾Ҹ˽˾Ϊס˾ҶԴˣǲִȻˣ˾Ѿ¥õ˺ܴĺô
û˾Э̺ã¥Ҳǲ˾ҵ˵ǹʹġ
Ⱥδķ̫ʱ͵˺֮⡣ǵִʱ޺Ѿ档
޺ЦŶ⼸ʮλݷͬѰ޵ߵλǺɳǣʵǺɳǵ¡


2498 鷳
˾ٽһ˽ɳǺ󣬱㱻ɳǷءһȺ˾Ա޺ȻõϢ
˭˾ٽܿ޺ơ
޺ò֮ǰѾı䣬ڲʹԷǰ£ݲô׾ͱ¶ң޺Ҳǰ¶棬ƹ޺Ҳԭ򣬾Ϊ˾ٽȺ˵ĵ
Ǻ޺ƻӦ˵û˵Լ֡
ȻҲһ֣ʱûǸҪ
Գ㰡˾ٽЦһ˵
޺΢Цûж˵
֪˭ɣڶƳǾ˵гһ켶Ҹ˵Ϣʱ֮Աǵġ죬ҲҲ켶ô켶ڣǣ켶һոսĳ֮С
ȫŵģкܶ˶˵Чܺá˶˵˲ٹںɳǵ˵˲پԳĴֱʡ
ˣ˾ٽ˵
Եͱˡ
˾ٽ˾ҵҪԱƳΨһǳУ˻һЩġȻΪҺɳǵ鷳Ϊѹеĳԡǣż
Ǻȷʵ켶޺˾ٽܵˡ
ǺܺãھǺõҡ˾ٽ۾С
ߵĲ塢ˣЦһ
Щˣĵ׾Ͳź켶Ϊɳǽ˵켶ĿľΪɳС
ԴӺȥÿ춼д޵ӿɳУеĻԾ˿ڼ
ǣĽʺɳǵ׳ٶȡ
ǵɳǣҪԡҪе޵߶֪ʲô켶Ǹԣһƭӡ
һ֧飬Ҫɨء
˾ǱǸǺоżңֻȨһҡ߼ңҪ˾ǷҪأǺңЧҲǷǳõġ޺ƻ˵
ļңҲлƾʯġƾʯ֮޵ߵԵĸáԣ֮޵ļЧȷʵܺáң۷徳УҲзǳԵо
޺ƵĻ˾ٽȴɫһ
˶֪λ˾ҲӦ֪˾ݡôĪ˾òǺľżң¥
ĪǺ߼żֻǰ裿˵켶ңǺŪ޵ߵİϷҲ
ǣŪǣǿûôô򷢣Ϊ켶ңûУǰһˣʧɴˣ
ߣɳǿԲںǣǽ˾ǰˡǺɳǵľԳѵҲŪ˾ǰ
˾ٽһȺˣ׷׳ԣơеˣĿ¶ɱƺһԲϾҪսӡ
ʱѾкܶ޵߾ۼڸΧˡ
Գ˾ûгԹɣ˾ңΪΡ޵ߵ˵š
˭ó˾ٽܵ˾鷳ġ
ǣû˵Գ˾ҡ
˵˾¥ϵܺã¥ֲ˾ҵĶƳ𣿶Գ¥гԹġ
ˣһΣ¾¥ǣͷİɣ˾ҵѹסɳǵķչͷ
϶ˣɳչѸͣԭǺĿšܸǶԺɳǵķչӭͷһ
Χ۵޵УҲһʶˣǷõΪ׼ȷĽۡ
˵ǲ켶أʵ
켶ǲܣ켶˫֮ɳǽǲŶãʲô켶ҡͷ
ʵ˵켶ǵؼҪֻ˼Ҳõˡ켶Ҳûھʯȥ켶ҡ
ǰһңЧҲ൱õġ˵ʵǱȽںɳʹġ۸ŻݣЧֺá
޵Ŀ⿴ǰ˵Լ뷨
ھ߶ԣ˼㹻ˡõؼҵ޵ߣֻǺٲְˡӴ޵߻֮޵̫ˡ


2499 ˵
һҵЧѾĿá
޵ǣ֪Щ˼ҺܺãЧܺá
¥ȻҲ֪һ㡣
¥ҪٵǾͲСС֡Ҫ֣͵Ǵ͵ó׽ٵΪˣ¥Űдô
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λǱǸǺ켶ҵʹŷǳϸơ޺һӲԵ̬
ȻȺ˵̬Եöӣ޺ƺܴݡ
ںɳڣʲô£ıгԡ
𣬷·Ҫˡ
˾ٽ̧̧֣Щ˲ŶͰ
˾ٽܿ޺˵ǲǶ⿪ŵģ
ǣ޺ƻش
ȻǶ⿪ţΪβʹ켶ң˵ҪǾ͸ҾʲôҪʲô˾ٽܵݻǵҪ󣬵˾ҵǵҪӦûġ˾ٽⷬ˵
ⷬȷʵЩԽӿڡһʱ䣬޺ƶ֪λӦ˾ٽܰڳһӵļƣ޺ƻΡȻ˾ٽ̬ûʲô޵ģ޺ƾû취ش˼˵ûȻ⿪ţΪβÿʹø߼ƣǾ˵
켶ҵʹ
ʱһ
תĿԴȻ֪ʲôʱԳˡ
ԳվڲԶĵطǣȴû֪ʲôʱġղǾ仰ǾԳ˵ġ
衢ԣɫһ䡣ʵҲûԱˣϵþԡ
¾Ǻɳǳ԰ɣǶƳ˾ٽܣ˾ٽܿԣ˸
ûǾԡ˾ˣ΢Ц˾ٽ˵
Գ˵켶ʹ֪˾ٽܶԾԹ˹ʵ
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޺ƣ𶯡
żңÿʹ÷һڣ˵һ͵ٶھʯķã
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ڵڶǺɳʲôݣȴǱܶ˺Եˡ
ʵϣҪʹþżңѵĻǹݡһһڵʹ÷Ȼܶ࣬Щǿ֮޵߲˵ڵʹãʱʹûûġݣҪķǳǳѡĿǰΪֹҲֻн̻ĸǺɳǹѣһǲ֮ǰŻõġ
񽭻úɳǹݵʱ򣬶Դ˲û⣬֪ʲô塣
ԳڿЦ𣿺Ǻǡ˾ٽЦһ˵
˵ľżʹ÷ѣȷʵ췽ҹ̷֣޷⡣
У켶Ȼ٣վһЩġЩ켶ңʹ÷һҲһǧھʯңеĿܲھʯһʹ÷ѡ
˾ҲϲЦҺżÿʹ÷ѣһھʯң⻹ŻݵķáЦҡͷ
Цһ
Գ㲻ݣּ̫𣿡˵
λתĿŲ塣
ǻǳ壡ԺıԼ֡
ŶԵͷֵⷬʲô˼
ʲô˼ԳȻʱ䲻ڣСҲˡô˵ʵݶ϶ҲǿܶࡣңҲмĵСܿܿΪŪһ۵ʹ÷ѣܵסҪʹú켶ҵ޵𣿡ȵ
˼ԡ
˵ǹŪһ۱޵߲ȥʹ켶ҡˣά켶ܼ˵ȥ
ҩҳԣȴ˵˵ҪġǷЦ
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2500 ŪȺ
ҵʹ÷̫ߣȻͲá
ûã㽨񲻾ǰ
ˣ˾ٽȻûֱ˵켶ǻԡˣǱȽϳס
˾ԲӣЦһ
켶ң϶ǰ衣˾ҲΪġԼ
켶ңǿǶȪʯġ
ڵЩ켶һǶȪʯֶȪʯ޵ǿȣܸ޵߲ȵȡ
Ҫǣһ򣬻ȪʯǶǼȺĶڷ죬ֻ꿪һεĻȪгҴ£ÿνȪߵ޵ֻܴȪʯ
ֻżڲǶĸ߼Ȫʯңÿշһھʯ
һ㶼ߣ
˾֪ǽʲôԳ棬ѾǸ˾ˡ£ΪΪֹá㷽ᵽ˾ҵ켶˾켶˾ҪԱ֮һʹԻԼ塣Խŵ
ⷬȽϵί֮⣬Ҫټˡܹ˵ѾǸ˾ٽܻˡ
˾ٽΪ׵һȺ˵ɳҳģ˵ҲóֽѵȺһ٣ɱ塣ǣԻǸ˾ٽܵᡣ鵽뿪ɳǻȥ˫ҲʲôʲôʧȥǿɾͲճˡ
˾ٽǴˣҲ˾Իе˼
ǣȴȻûоʹ˰ֵ뷨
Ц˵˾ҵ켶ɲҴصǣǺķʱ̫ˡضƳǣҲ޷뿪̫áԣɳǵ켶Һһá
Գ˵ңÿʹ÷һھʯãȷܹ󡣵ǼȻôķãҶȻͬһ㡣˾ٽܵҲһЩھʯõĻõ𡣡˾ٽ̧Ŀ˿ŲϷ
΢΢һ
ԳǺ켶ҲĲڰɣǰһˣǿɲС¡ȥԺҲΪЦһ˵
Գ֪Ŀǰû޵ʹú켶Ұɣ˽ھʯţԳĪǻҪ¥ҲĿ˸
ǣһһھʯ¼ûʲôܱ׬Ǯˡ
ǶھʯˣԳʲôɾܾ
˾ٽһȺˣѰҲµﾰǿˡǹȻԶԶǾԶ֣Ǳǿ֧֡ʮˣڼʮǿѵҽȫһӵˣ
ӱ죡һȡ
ҵȻʧɾ
Ⱥ϶¶ŭݣһŭĿⶢžԡղһŭȣǶһڼ̵ʱﱻסʶıˡӦ󣬾;üΪ
Գʲô˼ѵ𣿡˾ٽɫ
ҸղѾ˵ˣҪ켶ǵҵʹ÷һڶǣҪɳǹݡλ֮УûһǺɳǹ
ЩˣĿǰǺɳǶϵġ
߼ڣǶлȪʯȱԣɲõʹҡ׬ȡھʯҲ⡣˵ҲŽ켶Ƴȥ켶ңԺ󲻳ûʹãҲǶһʱѡ
׾ӵĽڡ
ʲôɳǹݣ
ⴿǲ³ǣŪʲôݣ
ԶһȺˣֽ
ٺھŪЩԵͳӿз
һ⣬ӿ˾ٽܵˣ˲Ϣ͸ӦŨĺ⡣
۷徳˾ٽܣо˼ΣյϢ˾ٽ֪Եǿĺɱֶ֡ʵҲɱ൱
ͬʱ˴ӺɳǳŽ롣һˣȻǽ̻ĸ񽭡һˣɫ۵ߣȥüĿ
񽭣Ϸһˣ֪ʲô߿˵
òȻͰ˵ʱȴһϡԸ˵̬˵ݣҪȸ񽭻˵öࡣ
ǰôƭأһΣ֤㲻Уæ˵
˵ʱ̬ȹǳƺΪǰңеĹװġ
ߣҪһֱϷ϶ɳǣųƼʮ꽨һ켶ңδһ


2501 
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ʵϣҲûףҲЩǡǺڣԼԾԶ졣
˵켶ңҸӰĴ顣һ飬Ц˵Գ״ʦ
ף֪ʦϵѾ뻯ˡУ˵Լڶû˸˵һ״ʦΪվ̨ǵжֲӰ
ײԼо˵ӰһҡԱǺܶ࣬ʦȴࡣˣвٵӣвΪǿġʦУһ붼׵״ӻҵĳԱ
д˵ɵ۴Ե״ʦ󡣲ңŵĿŶȻܸߡ
ɴ˿ɼ׵ݵλжߡ
񽭵ʱԾ˵Ǿ仰Ҳ˳ڰˡԼʮź켶
˵׵ֺ󣬾Աæ״ʦһˣҲܾͻڵóӶˡ
ڣ״ʦһһЩ顣ȹҵһǳҪĵϵԱøʦļϵֺܻ£ľʦҹϵ׽״ʦǰ߶ˡ
ϵĥӲݵĽ״ʦ˹
ȻˣæҲǰװװġϵһö߼ȪʯǾ͸ġ
Գϣ㲻Ҫң
ʵȻԺ켶ţԵ̬ȣòšνӴҲ˽⾰ԳΪˡ켶ԲӦòô֡ңרΪˣҪ¸صĴ顣
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Цŵ˵ͷ
Գʲôˣ߹ȥԾʵ
˶Ƴǳ˾ٽܣüͷһ
˾ô񽭿˾ٽܡ
Ȼʶ˾ٽ˾ҪԱ
߳ϣɰ˾ٽܿ񽭣ƤӶ˶ƤЦⲻЦ˵һ䡣
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״ʦ൱׵ġɲ룬Ū߰ġ
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£һȺ˵ûи塣žԳ˵ˣϹ¾ͰȫŪ
ò˵ԵǺܴġ
˾֪켶ңҪ㹻ʹ÷ѣҪһݣɳǹݡЦŶ˾ٽ˵
˾Ϊʵҵǿ԰æ֤˵һ䡣
Ǻǡ˾ٽЦ
۾˵¼䣬˭֪̻ɳǹϵܺأ˵񽭳뾰ԳĹϵ׽˷˼ĳ̶ȡ֮ǰҶĴŻţڿֻǴŻһЩ߳ϣǲѾ뿪̻ɳˣ
˾⻰ˣɫ
֣ʲô߳ϣ˵Ҫ֤켶뾰ԳĹϵĻֻ¡һҲὫ˵컨׹ɣ˵
һ˵һ߿žԣӦ¾Զ֡
Ȼˡ
ڿ񽭵󣬾ʱûֵͷˡǰЩ˵вҪ壬ʱ񽭳֣ͲҪֶˡ
߳ϣֻ㡭޷ŷҲ˵
񽭵۾ɨȺһۡ
ЦǿЦúܣ
ʲôʱ˵Ҫˣ񽭱ĵЦ


2502 ʦж
Ҳѻ
񽭣ôҲͷһӰ
ˣȴǵɣһˡ
߳ϴԺ⣿ոջ˵Ҫ֤켶˵Ҫ㡣⣬ǰì𣿡˾ٽܸ˵
Ǻǣҿ߳ЩͿ˰ɣ񽭳ϣ㣬̾ͻ뿪ɳǡЩ£ǽ̻ͽҲκεĺôЦ˵
λСѣܷϷ˵һ䣿
һΣ˵״ʦ
ȻԵƬ̣ۣȻҲǰһЩʱ廰˵
һڣڳ߾תƵϡ
ϼһðģ˾ٽһףȵ
Ȼ׵һλСѣввˡЩˣѰ޵ߣǸԵУҲнϸߵĵλͻȻðһˣƺΪСѣ˲Ϊ⣬Ҳⲻ˲ʹ졣
ͫ΢΢һ
ϼһ
ȷʵϼһˣ¼䣬ҵϼһ˾Ҳǽ̻ȳǿԣǰǶҲǹġ
϶һȥط˵ķݣ׻һ֣Ӭһ㡣
˾ٽܿףɫЩˡã˿ȥЩϤƺʲôط
״ʦ֣ǿ϶ǴһĴڡǣʶ׵ˣʵܶࡣ˵£ܼ״ʦ˵ģȷʵзǳߵݵλѰ޵ߣмĻ᣿
ˣʶ
˾ٽ˾ҵҪԱʵҲûױˣ׵ӰԺôһЩӡԼʲôطλߡ
һȺ޴Ķǲ֪ǰǰҲצͻȻһŭ˾ٽһȺˡ
ǡһЦ뷴༥ɶȻ䣬ʧˡ
Ѿ֪Լ˵
ˣʱҲûôֻ꣬ΪﱻԳѹƣֲҶԾԳԸ񽭣ûôηˣʵȻԶ񽭣ǰڵˡ񽭣ʮҲɱ
ǣʶֱˣ˲͸оһɺϯȫ
˾ٽܶһ
źϼһǸ޵ߣ嶼˰أסˡ
ʦ˾ٽܷӦæ׼
ʦ˾ҵ˾ٽܡ˾峤ʱ˼ҡ˾ٽ̬ȼ乧
״ʦ˾ٽܵ˵ͷֻ˵һ֣ã
ǲزҡǣҲɡղŸ˵֤Ӧ˵֤ݻָͰ֮ɫЦ˵
ʦҡҸղŲ֪㡣ҡսս˵
ڣڲҵ˻٣״ʦԼңԴС
״ʦڰ֣ûж˵ʲô
ʦĴȴһֱûлݷáδʦҺɳǣҺɳ¡Զ׹˵
Գˡ׿˿ԡ
ԾԵ̬Ȳ飬Ҳ䵭
뾰û顣ǸһֱҲǲɳʲô켶ġ˵ˣǿڸ񽭵ϣ뾰ɳǳûʲôϵ
ԳѾˡԣھһǺɳǵҡ׻˵
Ҳ֪ʵǿᣬնɱɱ£Ĵڲ֪ܲǣΪͶԾʲô̬ȡ
Ӱﵽĸ߶ȣȷʵҲҪ˭ɫˡɳǣǾ㾰ԵţӦʵġ
ԣԵ˵ͷ
Կ˾ٽܵˣڵ˾Щڣ뿪ҺɳǡǼ£ʦңȷ˺켶ҵ̬ȿɲô
д˿˿⡣
˾ٽܵ˼ȻˣͲȥ״ʦˣҲûоʹ˳˵Ĵ㡣״ʦⲻûȷжĵȼ˾ٽܵˣһжƶ켶״ʦˣǵǻ⡣״ʦж켶ɾ޷ˡ


2503 һ޶
˾ٽܵˣ˿״ʦ뾰ԴͨŪ١ǣǲܵ飡
ãܺãǳãɫ
˾ٽܵ˼ɫѿΪΪԼƶЩŭ
Գ
켶˾ҿ޷̣˾ٽЦһ
ǰڣҲ̣
¥Ҳṫ£ɳǾһƭӳУ

˾ٽΪ׵һȺˣʱԼȫڳˡǽҪҴ켶£Ҫ׻˺һ״ʦж켶Ǳ֣Ϊƽء
ĿԴֻ˵ĸ֡
Ǿͳȫǣ
ھ˾ٽܵ뿪ȺȴԲ󣬾Ķɱ⡣
ʦ룡ԶһĶ
ҲûֱӴ˽ȥԣ׽
󷨣Ȥ״ʦĿ⻷һȦ΢Щȵ˵һ䡣
ϵĳɾͲö˵ȻûϸĹ۲󷨣ֻ⿴һۣܿϢ
󷨣ô߼ǽṹȴȽ˼󷨵ĹܣԼ򵥣ֺȶ
ʦֱȥżҡԶЦ˵һ䡣
á׵ͷ
ûöʱ䣬˾͵ĵھŲ㣬Ҳ߲㡣ھŲ㣬ֻҡ
ʦһңЧȫһġٴһơ
ԳҴﲻ켶ҿɲ˵ѡ⣬һὫʵĸо˵תĿԡ
֮ǰԾ˵һ仰׶ԾԵӡȻԵʵǳ׺εҲӾԵս
ȻҲҪʦΪѡЦЦ
һңҵʯرա
⡭ҵʯŸչرյͬʱ׵۾͵ɴˡ
ôᣡⲻܰľĸſռڵ
Ѱ磬ܸ֪ܼơңڣ嶼һֵļ¶
˭ģ
̺Ч
˼Ƿ˼ɳǲǽǲŲһôܹ˾˵ң
λԳ׷˶Ѫ
ȻܿȷвͬѰıܹǿ޵Եȵȵıȱи򲻵ԳȻýȱڡ
ȥ޼֮Ҳȫﵽ켶ҵˮƽЩ꣺ϷҲ뵱ȻˡǾԳ治һˡֻǣ˵ڵк裬ѵҲж֮󷨹죬ҶкܶഥС
׵
ûڴܾã˵ʵ̲סҪһʱ䡣ǣû꣬Ҫȥ˸ˣжһ޶켶ǰù켶Ȳϵ켶
ʵҲȷʵˡ
ЩǿУвҲԼ켶κһǿԲܽȪʯǸߵȻȪʯıóڡٵĿǰΪֹûһȡ
ҳ״ʦɫ΢΢Щ졣
ʦһֱ֮⣬״ʦЦŴ˸к
ԳЩ
˲ð˵ʵʼСһɳǵʱǾܾģҲΪΪɳǲôʱڽһ켶ڣЩԼˡȷʵĴʦ˵ʵ뷨ûоö
⡣Ц˵
ԳңԺҡʹã·õһְɣʦžԡ
ʦõģǶҡǺһҲֻҶѡʹ÷ѣÿһھʯңʹ߻Ǻɳǹ˵
һھʯ󣡾Գ롭һʱⶥҡɫһЩƺЩݵӡ
Ȼԣû⡣ĿǰľżһǿõġʦãʱԡȻ˵
ãʦصͷԳھͳȥǣ֪Ŀǰõ켶
ʦƺȲҪϢˡ


2504 ж
Գ״ʦʱ䲢ǰԼĪʱӣһȺˣȴô
衢ˡ
˾֣һʦ켶ǸΣ¥˾ٽߣѯʣĿ˸Щ˷֮ɫ
𣡡˾ٽҲܵͣһҧúء
켶Ҫֲ
˾ٽ˵֣¥Ŀ˷аͲýɳǶˡ
Ǿ¶Ķ֡⾰ԣʵȷʵǳǿ嵣ǵı˵
Ես˭˲֪٣󲿷Ҳ֮۷徳ֻ˾ٽһ˾ٽһˣȻܵеùԡ
ҵϣֹңǺǣʵǿǿùɵ۴𣿡
켶ôɳǵǻԡˡҸղҲ˵ˣҴ˾ҡ˾Ķ֣ǿɾͲǼ򵥲һˡʱɳǶΪƽء˾ٽЦһ
˵ʱдǿš
˾ٽⷬˣһҲ񼤵
˾ҵ棬һɵ۴ˡȻ˾¶ܴ࣬ʱҲڻԪռ䣬˾ʲôҪ潻ʱǿԵġƽʱûµ£˾ҿ϶״棬赽˾ңȻͲͬˡ
Сʲô鶼ó˾֣һǻҪСһЩǡ²ΪǾΪȫΪһλ¥Ц
¥ҲȫԮ¥һ䡣
ж¥ǣͷ
ˣʦˣ
ʱȺۼˣԳ״ʦһͬ˳
֪ʦҽΡ
켶ңûиЧأЧģܴܲﵽ켶ı׼
̫ܰңʦݣҲǲΪɳ˵ѵġʦ϶ʵǵжȼ
жﲻ켶ˮ׼˾˿ɾˡ
оԳڣ˾Σ
Ǻǣ̫ˡ˾¥ڵȵǿԱһͬǰȻ׼ſɣֻҪȷ켶Ⱥ˿϶Ҫ¡ԳǿӲֶôֻأò˶ãɳ¶ˡȺһҡҡͷ˵
ǰ񽭼״ʦæӭǰ
ҲЩš
ϾҲûù켶ңȻԸžԣչûоԵİա⣬ܵ꼰ܻӰ쵽̻Ͼǽ̻ĳϣʱںɳǣվ¥ġ
Сѡ״ʦԸЦЦ
ǰûϼʧɣ񽭹۲׵ı飬̽Եʵ
׿˿񽭣ֿ˿ԣתĿܵȺ
ʦǵ¸صǰ켶ңǣǷ켶˾ٽܶ׹֣ʵ
ʦ֪
ʦе޵ߣûƭЩˡ

˾ٽһͬǰڶԱڣƼֱɽӦһ㡣
ԶΧ۵Ĵ޵ߣ䡣
Ȼ˵ǲ켶ͨ޵߹ϵ󡣿̶ֳȵ֣ҲǺѼġοкܶ޵ߵ棬Ҳɳǵһġںɳвҵ޵ߣȻϣɳǿʢԼµĲҵֵҲˮǴߡ
⡣
һʦȷ켶ǺɳǵٴεǿԤڶʱڱи޵ӿɳ֮޵߶вרɳʹ켶
ϾУ켶̫ˡôﵽ켶ˮ׼ңôס
ԳǷʵ׿ԡ
״ʦ˼ֻ켶ǽ֮Ҳ˵켶ңط켶ܱȵġ

ʱ򣬾ԳҪʦϢɣ˾ٽ˼һ״ʦº󣬱̴ЦһԾԼ˵
˾ٽܣ״ʦ仰˼ˡ
ʦΪжĵȼ˽㲻᲻ɣ˿״ʦüͷ˵һ䡣


2505 ˾
˾ٽܵ˶Ȳ״ʦԺжˣ
ʦǶİɣЦ˵
ԵĻ״ʦ˵ͷ
˿΢תϷжΪ켶ңĿǰڸЧǿ
жϷԸԼ˾嵣ûκοŸûԣ״ʦ˵
״ʦº֮ǰž
ԶΧ޵ߣʶס
ΪһȫԤϵĽһΪͲܵĽ
һ޵˵ⷬǿ϶̾ͻᷴɣǻ᲻šⷬ״ʦ׿˵ġ״ʦĻţôҲҲŵˡ
״ʦ޼۵ġ
û˻Ϊ״ʦΪ˽˵ٻǾǲܵ顣˸״ʦ᲻˵ѻƭˣ̾ͻᱻĭ
ʲô˾ٽܴˡ
衢һȺˣˣһ۾ľ׮һվ
ʦ㡭ǲ˵ˣ˾ٽɫס
Ϸ򲻿ܸ׿˾ٽһۡ
ǣǣǰϹھԲŪˡ켶˾ٽ¶һЦݣֻЦȴȿ޶ѿ
ǰ˵㲻ɳһ˵ģ԰ɣɳһЦ˵
СѣϷһˣȷʵа״ʦºЦ˵
켶
ǰԳгûƭǡ
ô̵ʱ䣬켶ôɵأǶ˵켶ٶȷǳѣЩǿûаս𣿡
ôɵģ֪ˡʦȷ˵ˣĿǰЧõ˵켶
Щ֮ĴԺ϶кܶ඼Ҫɳ˰ɣ
϶ԳҲ˵ˣҪǺɳǹʹ켶ҡɳǹԺҪˣҲ֪ʲôεǿ߲ܻùݡ
ЩɳгԹˣ϶޷ˡ
Χ۵޵ߣۣȽ˷ܡЩУںɳвҵռݲ١
ԳȻѾȷ˺ĵȼǾȸˡ˾ٽܶԾԿڣ뿪ˡ
ʱһҲںɳǶˡ
һǸЦ⡣
˾ߣǲˡ֮ǰҿɲֹһ뿪ɳǣûϧҸǵĻᰡ΢΢ҡͷЦ˵
˾ٽܵжһݡ
״ʦжĵȼ֮ǰȷʵζ˵뿪ɳǡǵʱǸûǹǿԲ켶
Գ⻰ʲô˼Īǡǣ˾ٽ
ҪǣǵҪҺɳǣǾҵĵˣһһȵ
ռڣֲܲ١֮񱩶𣬳źƣڿռۿ
ͬʱ˾ٽܵ˱оܿռмǿѹʵϵ͵漴оԼתǳѡ˾ٽ۷壬Ҳǳܡ
˾ٽæתȡԼķԶ֣ȻִС
Գ㲻Ҫǣ˾ҵˣ˾ٽʱ򻹱Լļ壬ͼ˾ҵвԡ
ԣӲһ׾ܱвˡ˾ҹȻǺǿǡ
Կһͺȡ
һ۶˾ٽܴȥ˾ٽܵʵ뾰ǰɱļɱǱȽϽӽ۷徳ǿУʵǲˣ뾰ȣǲ̫ˡ㾰Բʹ֮ԴҲøߵȻ˾ٽҲסԵһ
Ҫ֪Եʵȵɱɱǵʱ־˲١
ԳԸɴĳҪնɱ˾ٽܣһԵ״ʦҲһ¡
״ʦҲ벻Ի˵Ĺ
˾ٽܵĿģ˶֪Բ׷ŹЩˣҲ⡣ֱӶֻɱĽίʵ˾ÿ¡
˾ٽܱŤŭ
ƴҪֵһ⣬ķֶΣɲĽǰȴǲ߽⡣
һ֮Ľ⣬ܾ𼶷ǾԼټ𼶷еǰһʩչĴħӡɱ˾ٽο⣿


2506 ޷赲
â˾ٽܵķͷɢ
ʦԳ֣Ȱһû˵꣬Ϳâ˾ٽܵԴĻȻҲͲ˵ˡ
˾ٽܵɢе𼶷ˤڵأŵ¡
ɱ˾ٽܺ󣬾û֣ͣ˲ǰΡָӡ֣Ϯɱ衢ͱ̺ϵ
ʵϾ͸ˡ
δ˾ٽܱնɱлָǵͱָӡС̺˹;յܣ̼佫ǵɱ
˾ٽһ޵ߣʮˡգۼ䣬ǿļͱԴݿ֮ɱʣˣһ嶼ɸһ㡣ЩˣƽʱҲ쵱ģҪôһԣҪôҪĳԱΡ𾳽磬κһطԿԳƵǿߡǴʱȴûʲô
ʣµˣˡ
Ǹ˾ٽɳ£ҹǱ⼸ڲƭҿĹһȴ⡣ڣÿ˶Ҫ⳥ɳھʯò⳥ģԶںɳǵаɣԿµʮ޵ߡ
ЩԳ˵ͷ΢΢һɣҪ⳥ھʯв־
ʵھʯЩ˵ҧҧóģǶһˡǣпܣǿ϶óôھʯ⳥ɳǡ
Գھʯǲ̫ˣܲܡһ޵ߣʶľ뾰ּۻۡ
Եһȣ޵߾һָͷȥ޵߶ʱ
ˣû˸ּۻˡ
˵ܼһǶˡ
Ǹ˾ٽܡɳвѹȣ͸ñ˵׼ߡ
ʯ˶⳥ÿڣھʯģԴֿۡԽӴӳʯ˶˹
ʦǲȵЪϢһ᣿תĿףЦ˵
ðɣ׿˿ԣҲ֪ö˵ʲô
Ծ˺ǲͬġǣһˣҲö˵˵ȷʵ˾ٽܵȣ˾ҷŭ뱨Ҳûʵɡ
ȻˣϣܶǲҪɵģҲҪԼռŵǣɳǵľԳȻʲôӡһԳǿɲ׵顣

óǣ
óǵĳھնɱ˾ٽܵͬʱ͵õϢڿķڣá
ǳǿ챯ڵĳԱ
ڲ֮ǰ챯ڵܲѶóǵ޵߲ɳǣܲʲôŵĸ߲䣬ʱ߲ܲ˵˻ѹƺɳǡ˾ٽܴһȺȥɳǣ֪˸߲˼ˡ
ڡ
ѹƣȻˣ
˾ٽֱܶӸɵˣһɱĻڵĲ塢¥軹б̺ϵ
ǾԳǺ˰
ӺɳǴϢ̫ˣ
ˣóǳٴδѶܲ
ʲô飿ܲһλƬ̻Ӧ
ǰƳǵĳ˾ٽܵ˵ִɳǣҪ֤һ켶óǳ˵
ŶǵĶܿ찡챯ڵĴЦһ
ϴˣȷʵ켶״ʦԶ϶ġ״ʦ˵õ켶
״ʦ϶켶󣬺ɳǵĳԣ̶ɱ˾ҵ˾ٽܡڵĲ塢¥ͱ̺ϵ֮ǰǺɳǱױ¥Ĵƹ񣬺ɳˡ
ˣԾһӡóǳʱ޷ܲǰõϢ
챯ڵλҲµˡ
óǳ˵ãûӦ
Ҳ֪˶ãŴѶ켶
ţ״ʦԶ϶ġǰܰɳѡóǳ
֪ˣ
ɳǣڣûܵס䷢չ׳ˣ㣬ȥɳǹ򷿲ԽԽã챯ڵĴóǳһ
ǣóǳȻ֪ΪʲôҪɳǵķ
ˣɳǵ״ʦжȼǾͲ˻ˡңʦ˵õǽ룬Իгˮ޵ӿɳǡɳǵķ۸񣬽ᱩǣ
챯˷ӦĴҲ׷´Ժɳǵķֹˡ


2507 ʦ̾
ֻǣɳǵĲҵҪĴۿɾʹˡ
ں֮ǰںɳǹ򷿲൱׵ģ۸Ҳܱˡں֮󣬺ɳڵķȻǣʵǸʱͬǳֵĺûᡣ
ڣѵʱ
˵ǿ챯ڡոտŲãóǵĳͶ챯ڵĸ߲㱨ʱ챯ڸ߲ΪɳûͶʼֵʱ챯ڵĸ߲óǳֲ֣ǿɾ׬ˡϧˣҲûá
ɳǳڡ
ԳЩҵ󷨣Բõ𣿡ڣ״ʦԾѯʡ
켶ңֲõġ˵
Щ󷨹ܺأðһ䣬ԳǴʲôطѧϰģ׺Ŀ⿴žԡ
Ȳڵľԣȡǹϵһˡ
ǣȻڲϲȫȣַͼɣȴ״ʦǳ档ԲĹܸΪ򵥣Ҳ˵ѶȻήͣòϻ٣Ϊ˾ĵطǣ󷨵Чȴû֮͡
ʦ
˵ʵҶоǷǳľЦЦҡͷ
˵ʵ
Գ˵Ц״ʦȻ̫š
ҽӴǺ硣ҵΪСʱҾѾӴһ;ˡҵǿϻѵʱ㲻ɱļ١Լ˵
״ʦ΢üԵ˵ǣƺǼٻңԵȷʵϢᣬʵȴǿף˾ٽھǰͱһնɱ˵ԼҪǷڵϣ⻰״ʦҲš
ǣϲδ̫ʱоڲ㹹˼ɵβõó
ʦʵҵȽǿΪ˾̲ܵʱ䣬Ѱ󷨹ܸΪ򵥵İ취Ȼⷽ츳Ҳû취ûôʱķڲϡ˵
Գˣ״ʦһпĵ
ţԳһλƷɵʦ󰡣״ʦ̾Ŀžԡ
ʵôǿᣬͬʱƷɵʦݡˣ϶˶ص״ʦ䣬ⱲӣƺûԳô
ʦˣϣʦ໹ܴ󡣡æϿҵĵ
ⲻǫ
ϣȷʵԶô˵ǣܲó󷨣״ʦӦöܲãЧܹʵ֡ܲõһЩ󷨣Ծδˡ
ԳԸ⣬ҵҪ뾰Գһ״ʦ
һ
Ȼһ£׽ǶԼдôңԴѧϰһЩ󷨵Ĳ÷
ʦԵ棿
ȻģҴںɳͣһʱ䡣켶ңһһء״ʦЦ˵
̫ˣʦǲ֪θл㡣վ֣صĶ״ʦ˹֡
״ʦ̸һᣬܹܰ׺ʦڳڰס״ʦڼʹú켶ҡ
ʦո뿪ãѵȴʱĸ񽭾˾Եǰ
Գˣ԰ɣ񽭼ԣͼĿ˵
߳ʲôǵȻѡЦ
ãˣǡҪںɳǹ򷿲ܸɣ
ھԺ״ʦ̸ʱ򣬸Ҳ᳤̻ܻѶ᳤ܻ˼ǣܵĹɳǵķɳǵƲɵˣڼڣûʲô˻ѹƺɳˣֻҪ⣡
߳ϣʲôҼǵãѾںɳ˲ٲҵɳ¥ǽ̻ĲҵԵ
ɳǽ̻ᣬǰıױ¥
ԳǾʹ㡣ǽ̻ᣬںɳǹһ۸˵񽭻ֱ˵
߳żǷ˵Цһ
̻򷿲ҲܾɳǿԲϵȥǵһķˣǿԼеڶ׶εĽ衣źɳǵ׳ļʦʦҲ̫ѵ顣˵ʱ䣬ǰɳӦƸʦˡȻҲΪԼרģһЩʦ˵ںɳǣѧϰ򵥸ЧĲ󷽷


2508 ֵ̫
ʦɳΪɳļʦĴǼΪźġʦɳǣΪԼˮƽʦȦӺ͵ʦȦʵϢǿ
֮ɳǵʦ鴦ڿ׳׶Ρ
ȻˣɳҲȷʵҪܶʦл˵еķĽǿǾ޴Ĺ̡ԣòһЩߵȼĹܡػͿԣУһеػ󷨣ձ鶼ϰٲ֮ࡣ
Գлл񽭼ԴӦˬ죬ʱϲüҵĵл
߳ϣȱлҡɳǵʵ˵Ҳļ۸񣬿϶Ҫǰ߳ܶࡣôԼʲô۸ֱҳܹɡ԰ڰ˵
Ȼ񽭵ͷ
߼Ǯɳǵķ񽭺ͽ̻ܲ׼£ҲûԹԡǵһںɳǹ򷿲ʱǼǮǷǳġʱܺĵ㣬ȫԹķǣǵʱûܿôԶ
Ҳֽܹ̻߲ûԶʵҲûʲôΪɳкܴͶʼֵ̻ᵱһЩҪΪ뾰ϵҪȻһ
ˣԳżÿҪһڣתʵ
״ʦжȼʱ򣬸񽭾ʦǰʦ˵ˣõ
ֻʹ÷ѣҲˡ
̻ܲУҲһ켶ͬ⿪šɽ̻켶ңÿʹ÷Ҳһǧھʯѡңʹ÷Ѿǽҵʮ֮ࡣ
ȻˣһʵҪˡǺǣǺɳǹݣǱ˵һڣǳڣҲʹҡЦһ
ңֵôࣿ񽭻ɡ
ֵֵù֪ҿԸ㣬ʦѾԤһҡ۾Ÿ񽭡
ʲô񽭴һ
ʦҪʹúҵϢ񽭲֪
УҪȥԳԡҾñƭҿɻˡ˵䣬ʧھǰ
ڵĸ񽭣Ѿ뾰ǻˣûôˡ
ҵ޺ƣһھʯõʹþżһʱʸ
һ󣬸񽭱Զͳżҡ
Ȼδ
̫ݳˣ̫ݳˣżң׶ǶʲôԴһھʯÿʹ÷ѣֵã˷ܣ۾Ҫ˻
۷֮мǿĴڣﵽһڵϣûʲôķˡʹǽ̻켶ϵĽҲ쳣ĻǣһںżҵһЩµĴò˵ᣬǺŵġ
񽭴ʱʵҲ֪ˣⶥڣ϶Ƕ˻Ȫʯ֪ȪʯϻöǾΪ붯״ʦɳǳ͸ġΪˣ˵ݳޡǻȪʯٶھʯ򵽵Դ
һżңоͷŲˡҪ̷ؽܲһˣɳǵϸλ߲ܣǺ档ȻھʯȻԴɳǣĹɳǵķ

˾ң
һϵġӴļ壬棬һɵۡУ֮ӵܺܶ࣬۷徳ӵܶһȺ
˾ҲڣΨһԼȫܹЩǿȼҡ
˾¥ϵǳܡ
˵˾ҵ¥¥ϵǳѺãһЩ˵˾¥ǹĽ顣
죬˾ҵլڣȴһŨû֡
˾ҵ˾ٽܣˣ
Ϣʱ˾Ҹ߲㶼ţϢģǵĵһӦôܣ
˾ٽܣ˾ҷǳԽΪӵܣ˾ҳϻҲ˾ٽܼ˾ٽƹܶƳǣҲ˾ٽһϸΪḻ󣬻صլܹ峤ϻΪһԱġ
ɴ˿ɼ˾ٽ˾ҵĵλжߣĺģǷǳҪĳԱ
ǣ˾ٽˣ˺ɳǡ˾ٽܱɳǳɱڱɱԭ˾ҷǳԵ޹ںɳǱɱǴʱ˾ҿ϶ѾжˣǵȻҪȥɳҪ˵ǣɳǵľɱ˾ٽкɵģ˾˾ٽȥ˼ġںɳǳǱߡ
ڵ˾ǿɱɳǣڵۣվ˾ߡ޵ߣֻ˾߳ŭˣ
иΪҪһ㣬ǺɳǺӲǺÿеĹͷ˾Գ֣ȻɾĨɳǡµʼĩ˾ҳϻͲҾ˾档ӲͷƤȥ˾ҲӻԪռĿǻֱѵǼ峤ϻһͨ


2509 ˿
˾ٽϢ˾ҵ峤ͼ岿ֳϻԱ;ۼ˼
ʱڵĲ˾Աһˡˣ¥һԪϡ
˾뾰ǰûʲôԹƳǾۼɳҲ˵ɳǶԶƳûвٶʱв˾ңʵûκαҪȥɳ¡˾֮ԳͷΪ¥
˾鳤λϣ
£ȷʵ¥ǰûвĵǼǡ¥Ԫɫ
ȥɳȻ˾ٽܴͷʵ˭֪¥Ļ֣˵¶¥ĴԲ˾֮¡¥裬Ҳɱˡ
˵Щʲôأ˾鳤˿⡣
ڳ¥Ԫϡ
˭Ҳ벻Ǻ켶һ˾ҳ̾Ϣ˵
ģ״ʦȻͻȻȥɳǣһλϷŭ
״ʦǱ᳤̻ϸȥġ񽭣ʦļкĽ顣һᵽ񽭵ʱҧҧѽ
´һʼǾʹˣû״ʦȥɳǣҲʲôı䡣ǸԣΪԵ켶ҲһҪ״ʦж˾峤
ô˵״ʦ׿жٶǵĺӰܶࡣһ˵
˶ŵͷ
ʦ׿жӰ̫ˡ
Ĳ˵˵Źȥһʱ䣬Ϣͳ״ˡ
λǽη˾鳤Ŀתڳˡ
˾峤λϣٶȿڡ
һ¼˵ҪӲǲסɳǵľԣʵ̫ǿǲ۷徳ǿǰ򲻻кýңǴʧҲἫصǣ۲ǡ
ѵôˣһϲġ
ȣⷢһص
õѡ񣬾ǵȡ⿴ˣɳǵġֻǣҪȱȽϳʱ䡣
ɱںɳǣھССҲõһЩϢλƺѾټڻԪռĺ¡ֻǡҪ֮á˾鳤ü
ʱ˵˵Ҳ̡
˾峤ˡֱԡԺɳ֣˾ҴͷΪס¥ͷС
¥һĻڲǿࡣ¥¥ɵۣλ¥׳һС
ɳǵĵ˿ɲ١һ˾ҳĿ
ûڶǾСҲǺ֮ǣһֱ̡ȥҰ̸϶Ըɳǣ¾ܴɣҲܼѡҡͷ
һȺһ죬ĽǼȴ
׵ԭ򣬾Ǿʵ̫ǿˣöԸ
ǿԼʧҲǳ󣬲δܹɹ
ڳǿ֮ϵ۸ӣ֮ѣҲеˡĴٶԺɳ֣ǺܿӦʱ̬ǻƲס
ɵ¥ʱܵʵǰڣɰΪһֱŲ֣ѵǲɳǣԲǣ
ίʵǣƽɳѶ̫ʧ̫󣬺ܾܿͻ벶ȸں顣
ûоԵİգЩǿóȻĴɳǿ߽ɳǡЩڵǿȷʵܶ࣬Щǿкܴ󲿷ҪԼĴӪǴӪˣ˵ͻᱻ룬ʱӪһǲȦ

ɳǣ
ˣǺɳǵĻԾ˿ڣѾ죬ﵽǧؿڡܹܰ׺վھǰ
ʱ״ʦжΪ켶Źȥʱ䡣
޵ӿɳǣǺԵʵЩ޵ߵִɳǣҪʱġ
óǵȳе޵ߣҲһӾͰǨɳǡ뷨ҾˣҲȴԼµĲҵûвҵðߣҲһ׼
ԣӿһӾʹﵽֵ
ÿӿɳǵ޵ڳ֮Сӿ˿ÿշֵﵽ٣ʱ˵
ţò˶ãǺɳǾǧ˿ˡԵͷ
ǵԤ⣬һʱڣɳǻԾ˿ھͻﵽǧ򡣡׺ͷ
պɳڣ׼Сסլ۸ѾڡȺ֮ǰһࡣ׺˵ǵı׼СסլԺҲﵽÿھʯ
ţܣѾֽеڶ׶εֲʮڣɶ׺ϴЦݡ


2510 սʿ
ɳǵ׳󣬿νսǧ
ˣ
кɵ¥ͺڣǺɳǶҪа񡣡׺΢΢
¥ɳаȷʵǶԺɳǵķչ˺ܶ಻õӰ졣죬аһԳǿҪ׼е޵ߣϿаһУһа޷ϣǾ˵һĳС
ɳǿʱԻܺúдˡʱԣҲϣɳܹаΪɳǴǽȴʧ
ڣɳȷʵҪаΪԼӷˡкɵ¥ͺ֧Ͳû޵߼ɳǡ
¥Ҳܺڵľɡ׺Ц˵
׺˵һ㶼û
¥ĸ߲ԱһȷʵЩڵľľЩˡ
£Ҳ¥ǳصĸӰ졣ѾһЩ޵Ϊ¥ĳаҲˡһЩǻ˵ɳǶûааʲôżֵ٣ȫƾа񿴴һеǿ
ʵ¥֮ǰҲʶɳǵ׳󽫻ʲôӰ죬ǲŻİдʮ׼ֻٵȴ벻ʧˡҰܣ෴ɳǴȥ˸Ĺע
⼸飬¥ĹЩҡˡ
׺ԿŶĴܹܰ׺
ڣ׺
Ǻɳ׳Ժܻи֮ǿ߼롣ɸѡϣҪСĽԶ
˷ģס׺Ӧ
ˣר⹺Ĳϣչˣתʡ
սʿУвǼ亱ģȻн̻æѰҪ϶ʱ䡣һֱ̻᷽йͨĻھʹռݡ׺˵
רҪ׺ĲϣǶսʿĲϡ
ǰǿʢʱսʿı־֮һǿսʿսѹųɾ֮ǿߣǿĿܡ
սʿһǳͷ۵ƣǾֻҪԴӦֹսȥ״ֻҪû٣սͲᱻصӰ졣һмսʿأǿɾˡ
ԣҲ׼һ֧սʿӡԺ󹥷սʿǲɻȱġ
ֻǣսʿϺܶ࣬۷ǳĸ߰ԣҲֻۡ
ţܺáֻҪսʿõˣ͵Ե˵ͷ

ʱҴңת۱һºˡ
ʱ䣬ʦʱһ𣬽ֽУԵܶࡣԵѧϰҲʵЩ֡Ⱳӣûôѧϰٶȵˡ
ȻˣڽУĲǾԡ״ʦʵҲкܶջġȻǶж˽⡣ڲٷ棬Ҳܸ״ʦҲ״ʦǳԸ뾰Խԭ
ԳҴ뿪ɳˡһգ״ʦԵ
ʦôҪˣϧ
ţһ£Ϸࡣ˺ܶഥ綼켶ҵĸλȥϷչһʱ䡣״ʦƺҲЩ᲻뿪ɳǡ
ʦʵչأںɳҲǿԵİһ
ܽ״ʦںɳǣǿɾ˲ˡ
Գĺ⣬ϷܸмϷϾǹ¼ҹ˰״ʦ̾һܾ˾Եĺ⡣
ʵҲ֪Ҫ״ʦںɳǣϣãԱ״ʦܾҲ׼
뽫һЩСɳǣǿԣԳ϶ָһ״ʦһת
Ŷһ
״ʦļ壬ǿһ塣ʦļ֮УʦкܶࡣʦļһЩԱɳǣѵõĻᡣ˵ָ㣬Ҳûκ⣬Ծûʱ䣬ҲרŪһ伮ѧ˵ʦţҲսҲܶһˡ
ܺðʦüӵɳǡˬĴӦ
ٴθлԳ׶ԾԵ˵ͷ
ݵĳĬױ˺ܶ࣬ҲһЩ˵ԳʱദϷҲ˽һЩԸϷΪԳ㲢һദˡ
Կ״ʦ仰֪ʦ϶л


2511 ͬ
ʦⷬûа⣬ܿó
״ʦ˵Գа֮ˡһ㣬Ϸȷġ
ֻǡ״ʦͣ١
ʦл룬ҶǺ£Ҳ֮¡ʦֱ˵ɣԶʦֵ
ţҶ˵䡣״ʦ˵ͷԳʵǿ֮޵УҲû֣һ˾ԾԳԹԣҲɳ¡ǣԳڻ¥ЩǾûչȫıԺҲᶯֵġ
ʦסҲΪǻ׵İ֡ʵѾõһЩϢ׼šصĵͷ
Գ׼ͺá
ԳʵǿޱȣϾֻһ˶ѡĳڣһЩ޵ߣܹʵӦҲǺǿһЩǿȫ汨٣ɳԵĽ԰ټƵ۷塣һЩֶΣǷǳµġ״ʦ˵
ǿֶΣǺġЩǿĵ̷ǳһЩصֶɵµġ
֪һᱨһɳչжԣұץʱǿɳǡУʱұһЩǿֶΡ磬ɱ˾ٽܵˣĿľ塣̫׵ķŹ£ЩֻűΪǺ۸ǻۺɳǵ׳󡣡Ե
ţ˵Ҳе֮׼ͺá״ʦͷ
ʱһ˵һɳܲסˣԳʤصءʤصΪյ֮һɵ۳棬ҲδڳʤصؽһЩѰ״ʦ˿
ʦѡطɳǵʱ򣬾ⷽĿˡɳǣʤصʮѡʱɳıƣĵסˡҲŵģЦˡ
ʦ仰ҲЦˡ
ʦܶԾ˵ЩͿɿǷǳԸ⾰ġֻǣҲѰԸࡣȻ޵أս棬볬ǿû취ȵġУ볬ǿսģֻһ壬˾ҡ
״ʦڴգ뿪˺ɳǡ
һصԼļ󣬱ѡһȺԱǰɳѧϰɳǵΪ׶ͬ£ɳǵüҲɽʡԴ
Դʱڵ֮УһγǧҶ
ѾǣԵγǧҶˡǧҶĵȫҲֻʣһ㡣
ϣο򣬽ɳһ
ܽǧҶƳɾ̫̫ˡǺɵ¥ҲԶԶǧҶҪУǧҶƷʧˡңԪƺûǧҶƵĵҩ˵ûҩֲǧҪĿհס
ǧҶƳؽ𶯡ʱ򣬺ɳǺܿܳΪģ볬ǿ
ʱ򣬲֪ж뷽跨ǧҶ
ǿǡܹ޵崿ȵ񵤣
ǧҶƣǰ沽辰ѾϤɵģţһϷ뵤¯
ҩǰķ֮Ḷ́Ƿǳ˳ġеķ֮һʱ򣬾ԾͱСˣÿһҪŻУԻһֱǧҶȶԣϸ΢˼ĸı䣬ܹҩƳɹʡ
Ƿǳġ
һɵʦͬ飬¸ͽвȥΪǵʵ̫̫ˣÿһ˲䣬ֱ仯ֱ仯Уֻܿȼֱ仯ȷġѰɵʦǿǲģǵ֧Ųסǿݣֱӻʹȥ
ҲΪʲôǧҶĲȱǰһֱڽ̻УȴδɵʦܲȫԵʡټϣΪеɵʦǿҲóǧҶҩ顣һǧҶĲϣֵǷǳ˵ģʧܼʮΣ˭ܵˣǿҲܲˣ
ʱһȥ
Եı飬ԽԽءǧҶƣѾβԵԸܵ¯еĵҩʱĵҩȥǺǣﵽĲΣܿδĺܶಽˡ
ƺʧˣ΢΢̾Ϣ
ʱĵҩȻǾѾ˸ӦǲĻһ¯ǧҶǰγһһɢʧ
ȥ߲ͬ
ʲôطأϢᡣ


2512 ƶ
ǾݣΪܳɹƷʽݳ
ǡˣյĽȻʧܵġ
ǧҶҩʷϴڹʲôʦƳ𣿡Զ̲סǧҶǲĴڹˡ
˵ǧҶԭͲġĳһʦԴǧҶ񵤣ʧܵĽ˵õȱΪֵҩڹ
ʱһȥ
һ̾˳ջ
¯ô򿪣Ҳ֪ĵҩڱɢ
ӦðǧҶܴδֹع˵Ϲŵ伮ֻǸڹǲϹŵ伮ء
ţһĳطƫ
ǰĵ¯ٴ͸
һźɫҩɢƬ̺󣬵ҩȫʧˡ
ţ
ͻȻ΢΢һ
ҩȻʧˣⵤҩЧڵ¯δ뵽ڡ
΢΢һ
ֺηҧҧѽ
ȵӿ뵤¯֮СھԵĿ£¯ҪؼĵҩЧŵٶ
ۣԿзһȡ
ǧҶĵҩЧۿɼٶȾ£εǿ᣿ⵤҩɢЧʱҲ޷ܳԵķľ££ҩЧ۳һСš
ǧҶȻȶջôҩЧȻɢάĶԵҲǲСãҲԲ
ƴˣ
ھԵĿ£¯¯򿪣ȡһöȪʯ˽ȥھԵ߶£Ȫʯڵӿ뵽˾£ǧҶڡ
ھ£ǧҶҩ棬ʱһϸƳϸƣͺһ㣬ҩЧס
ЧЧӦı仯󣬾𶯣ӿ߻Ȫʯ
ʱ
ƺˣƺɹˣԵŵ¯ڵǧҶ
ʱǧҶͨȻΪɫڱĺɫ֮УһЩɫ·֡ջԼǧҶûЧ
ھԵһ˿֮£ǧҶӵ¯ڷɳҲţ۾ɴŷɳһŵҩ£ҩƳ󣬾ڵ¯Եȶ뿪¯ҲǺܿɢġԣԴʱЩš
ǧҶɳ¯˺ʱ䣬ԲȫһǧҶûɢʧıɹƳˡ
ԴЦһ
ǧҶƳɹǷ
ԭˣǧҶƷȻҩһҪƶһҪһȪʯԴȹ̡һŵҩƳɱˡǳ۵Ļһŵҩֵ¼һƷˡ۾ǧҶ
һƷǧھʯҲ˵һǧҶֵҪǧھʯ
󣬾ԽǧҶ뵽ƿڡ󣬾Խ¯ʣöȪʯȡԷ뵤¯ڵĻȪʯһö߼Ȫʯڷȹ̵ҩвʮ֮һ˵һö߼ȪʯܴŹʮ¯ǧҶҩá
ǧҶ񵤣һ¯ֻܳɵһţҩһ¯ܳɵĿš
ʱ䣬ҿԶһЩǧҶʱ죬ͨɵ¥ƹȥʱ򣬺ǺǡЩҲõ󵤣Ц⡣
ǧҶͬСɣ۷徳еһǿߣҲԼ崿ȸߵġϾԽߵ壬ıǸǱĿɵ۲εϣ
ǧҶҪһصºͣ޵ʹǧҶ崿ȣõԼܲסЧھҲ֪ɵ۲εǿֶ޵ߵ崿ȣǼΣգɹʷǳ͡Լ׾ɵµĿ֮ҲǾռ䣬ܾ޵ߵ塣ǣûܳܡһܲסǾ
ԣЩ۷徳޵ߣҵɵΪ崿ȣҲûеӳԡ˵ɵΪ޵߾壬ҲҪ۵ġ
ǧҶƳҲϸĿ򣬲ҵĵˡĵ˵õ԰ĥš

ʱ䣬ָ
񣬺ɳǵĹģѾǳӴˡཨռ඼жƳˡ
ʱвɳʾáҪԭ򣬾úɳǹʸ񣬴Ӷܹʹú


2513 д
ɳǶڳй˷ǳϸ
ܹܰ׺߽гѡѡ
ҪΪɳǵĹҪߺܶ࣬úɳǹݵ޵ȴ١ɳǸ߼ĿǰΪֹ˽᳤̻ϸ񽭺״ʦ֮⣬ֻһ˻á
м͵ͼҪһЩҲޡ
еĹӳպܼ򵥡߼ɽżңмɽ˼ңͼֻܽ߼Լ߼µҡ
ǸеһĹǺɳǵĵˡɳгԹܵõɳǹݡ
ΪɳǹԻãҲԵУܻúɳǹݣƺΪһݵֻǵͼݣ޵Ľʼɡ
ɳǳ
ܹܰ׺ǰ
ˣǺɳǵĻԾ˿ڣѾﵽһˡУס˿ڳǧ֮ޡ׺˷ܵıԣһϢ
ںɿź󾭹ķչɳǵĻԾ˿ڴﵽһڡ
һڵĻԾ˿ڣ
һڻԾ˿ڵĳУҲĴˡһеȳеĻԾ˿ڣҲͼǧѡ
УԾ˿ڴﵽһڵĳУֻкɳǡǶƳǣԾ˿ھﵽһҲ΢һЩ
ΪҪǣɳǵ˿һȽϿٶ֮С
ĺɳǣǳķҵ٣вٴѡפɳǣﾭӪ¥̣׬ȡھʯȻԴ
ȻˣҲ˰
ãܺãǳã׺Ļ㱨Ҳ¶Цݡ
Ȱǰɳǲ˺ܶ࣬зҲࡣ£ǰİ׺޺Ƶ֮⣬֮ǿ߼롣Уһ۷֮ǿߡ
ԱЩǿȻʲôҪ֪ɳǽ񻹲ʱ䡣ǧ꣬ɳǽöǿ
׺áվ㿴
һ֣һӰͻȻ֡
飡Ӱֺ˫̤ڵϣһƵ졣
׺һϾ¶һĨɫ
սʿ׺սʿһ㶼İ
ǿʢʱսʿֱı־֮һ׳ڣкܶսǿƥսʿֻǡ׳ǸսʿҲǿսٴˡ㻹вģҲЩǿĵжС
ţԵͷ
һսʿҸողŶɵġѾǱʯ׺սʿսԶ԰׺˵
Զսʿʹõʯǻƾʯھʯǲսʿġ
ã׺ܡ
ڴУ׺һսʿһҵд衣
ˣսʿսܲѰ𾳽޵ߣܲסιͨ۷֮ǿߣҪݻһսʿӦöܲס׺һ˵
ţֻͨսʿһͨսʿͬʱҲ߼սʿЦһ
߼սʿսǳֲ۷徳޵еһǿ߶пܱɱ߼սʿĶѶҲϸ󡣲ʱ䣬ڰ׺ϵռ֮£սʿĶѾ׼˺ܶ࣬㹻Ūһ֧Сսʿӡ
ͨսʿһ۲Ҫھʯһ߼սʿԤٴﵽǧھʯֻۣǹּĿܣǼ۸÷
ˣǷţܵһЩʦ㣿׺žʵ
ãսʿ֮ϸܡҡҡͷ
ǣ׺Ӧ
׺ɳǵĽģɶ޵ߣתʵ
ɳǵδֹͣΪһֱںɳǵķ۸ǻ˾һֱɳǵķ۸Ҳǳǳˡ
ڳеĹģҵ˿ڡ׺˵
ţӿ콨Ľٶȡڣ޵ߣӿǺɳǡǣ׼΢΢һЦ۾һ¡
׺һ£û׾Ե˼
ɳУֻһڻԾ˿ڣУǲ˿ڵġˣȴҪӿٶȣ˵޵ӿ롣Īǣʲô춯صĶˣ
ǣЦŰڰ֡
ǣ׺Ӧһ˳˷䡣
ڰ׺뿪󲻾ãҲ˳ɵ¥Ͼ¥


2514 
ΪʱƳǧҶˣ
ʱ䣬԰˲ǧҶ
ǧҶƲȻ󣬵н̻֧֣ܲ򵽵ġ˵кͺɵ¥֧ĺɳǣҲǷǳĸСңźɳǵķ٣˰ϵջҲ൱ߵģټϲ֮ںɳǵھʯֻ٣һսӦöˡ
Ȼˣźɳǵĳػǿ֧Ҳǽڽ֧ĴͷԱĳͺ󷨲档
ԡϾԵվˣĿйת
ϾѾﵽھˡ
ʱ䣬ϾҲ˼ǧҶ崿ԡ츳ͺܸߣǧҶͻȪʯĸڴﵽھ磬Ҳˮɵ顣
Ͼɵ¥ľӪ˳ɣԶϾЦЦ
ţûʲô顣ɵ¥תѾʮûʲôҪҳˡϾ
ԺϾ¥һлԹ
ϾǧҶԶƳˡԴ˵ĹʸҪϸơǺɳƵҪǧҶҲԶϾ˵
ã
ԣǧҶƳҪһ籩ˡֵҩܵǰڣ֪ڻôӦԡϾü΢
ˮڣһڣٲǵĺɳǡЦЦ
պ󣬽̻ĸٴɳǡ
꣬ɳǺܶΣÿһҪҪ뾰Գ档ʵΪ켶ġÿɳǣþżһʱ䡣
һɳǣǾԳġ
ԳҹʲôҪ飿ͲڴѶ˵𣿡һԣͷɧ
ԼǱͿˡ
ΪʹúżңĲƸˮԣԾûıԹ
ºҪü˵ЦЦҲ񽭵ıԹ
ȻֻϱԹʹþżûûõʸ
ʲô飿񽭼˵棬Ҳ
ǹǧҶ񵤡Ե
ǧҶ΢΢
ǧҶϤ֣ͨԳŵõǧҶȱ
ԳǧҶôˣֵҩûˣͬʧȱҲֻһˡвȱҲûã֪ж׿ԽɵʦԲȫʧܡ񽭼˵
߳԰꣬㿴΢Цһƿóݸ񽭡
˳ƽӹִƿƿͨɫֽ˿ǧҶ
ţ
ǡ
ôϹŵ伮мصǧҶҩࣿ񽭵۾˵
ΪԸոǧҶһӾ뵽ǧҶ֮ǰᣬֱӹۿǧҶܶʱ仹벻
ΪǧҶЦ
ʲô
Գ˵ʲô
ǧҶͲˣǿУҲû˵һǧҶʶľͲŵҩǧҶ
߳ϣҽɳǣɲҪ㿪ЦġŵҩǧҶʵңƳġǧҶѾȫˣ˵һøл㡣Ա֣ء
㡭΢΢
ŵҩǧҶ񽭵Ȼ塣˵ȻǧҶֻ񵤼𣬵Ǳ㽫ɵϣҲҵǧҶҪԵĵҩԳƳǧҶô򽫱Ȼ˷ڡ
ǧҶֵҩȻʧ棬ڻ˺ܾԶϼһУֵҩ϶ǴδġңһЩϹŵ伮ҲܿǧҶļأ˵ܶ޵߶֪ǧҶ
߳ϣɵ¥׼ƳǧҶ㻹н̻æеһŵҩ㵱ǳ͡˵
һŵҩΪͣԳɲôС࣬ʶľ˵仰
Сһ۵߳ϣ֪һǧҪƣɱǶһǧҶۼǶ𣿺ǺǣһƷֵδһǧҶߡڣ㻹С𣿡
һ졣
ԳҪҪǺǣҿ󣡡
ԳҪǧҶֵҩͬСɰ񽭻һת
ţѾԵͷ
ʵҲǧҶֵҩΪúɳԱըٶȷչʱҲһЩ


2515 ǧ
ΪչɳǣǾȫûҪ¶ǧҶҩĴڡ
Գ˾һۡ
ҲµõԳҪǧҶԭ
ҾͲˣصܲ£̻㽫ǧҶҩЧ΢΢˿
͸߳ˡԶԸ񽭹˹֡
̻ǧҶʵȷǧҶЧн̻ᱳ飬ȻͿɼ޵߶ǧҶЧĻɡȻˣ̻ҲȷǧҶǧҶ
뿪ɳǴգɵ¥ʽǧҶĴڡɳǲδȫֻڵ¥ڲǧҶĽܣұɵ¥д˵ۡ
ɵ¥ÿ޵߷ǳ࣬ˣɵ¥ûпҲһЩ޵ע⵽񵤡ǣѰ޵ߣĺ˵ǧҶ
ǧҶѾʧ̫̫ˡ
֪ǧҶģ϶Щϼһеģǵʦˡ£ֻеʦŻβĲЩ뵤ҩйصϹŵ伮ƽ޵ߣ˭û»ᷭЩ伮Ƕûĵ伮Ҳֻ˷ʱ;ˡ
Ȼɵ¥ҩ޵߲ǧҶ壬ʱ䳤ˣܻмʶ㲩޵߻ᷢǧҶ
ںɵ¥ǧҶҩĿ¼һºһͱȽϴðߣǧҶ
ⲻİɣ
ߡֻͬ
ǣͨ򵥵ĵҩ˵ƺǴ˵еǧҶơ
ͺܴðߣҲһ֮޵ߡźɳǵǿ󣬽еҲˡ
ǧҶҩ̨ѯòߡ
СŮߵͷ
۸񼸺Σðʡ
𾴵ĿˣǧҶ񵤣Ҫҿܴ˹߶ð˵
ɵ¥ǧҶƣҪ򣬺ɵ¥ͻὫǧҶ
ã鷳ˡðߵ˵ͷж˼ȡ
ܿģŮ߱㽫¥һλܽ˳
ܼðߺȻֻǺɵ¥֮һʵҲֻ۷壬ǿðߣнϴİжϳ֮ǿߡ
˶ǧҶȤ¶Цݣð߹˹֣º͵ʡ
ǵģֵ֪ҩļ۸񡣡ðߵͷ
ǧҶƲϼϡȱǺɵ¥Ȼ۴˵ǶԹҲơ㹻ھʯҲδܹǧҶȻҿԽ˵ļ۸ȸ߿㡣ǧҶÿһţۼһǧ˰ھʯܱһ۸
˻
ܱǧҶļ۸ܱ֮㴫һƬǳͣⵤ¥޵ߡðߺܶ࣬ܲ˶ۡ
һǧ˰ڣ
˵Ŀֲ۸
Щ޵ߡðע⵽ǧҶļ۸󣬱㶼Բ۾ѰǧҶĽܡȷǧҶֻ񵤺бɻ
񵤶ѣֵܴﵽһǧ˰ڣ
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ЩƷɵԶԶﲻ֮ߵļ۸ɣ۸ƺǴ˵ЩΪļƷɵļ۸񡣿ǣֽǧҶĵҩֻ񵤶ѡ
ðܱļ۸Ҳݺݲһ¡׼Ϊ֪ǧҶʲôĵҩǰֻǻɺɵ¥۵ǧҶǷеǧҶڿ¶еǧҶҪȻôۼ۸ߴһǧ˰ھʯأ
۸ȻġȫƴգҲղӽǧڵھʯ
ʲôҩ
֪ǧҶû˵
ֻ񵤼ģôۼ۸ߴһǧ˰֮ޣ
ǲǱ۸ˣ˵ģһǧ˰ھʯɣ޵߿ŵ¥ʵ
λˣ˵ļ۸ûдǧҶۼۣһǧ˰ھʯң۸ҲʱŻݼۡ¥ҽǧҶۣǧھʯÿšңҪ˵ҪһЩ¥΢Ц˵
Ǻǣɵ¥Ͳֵҩ˭Ứôھʯһأ
ǣ˵ǧҶܹ޵崿ȣôܣû˵ֵҩ¼䣬ô崿ȵĵҩ

ܶ޵߶ЦΪɵ¥ĿڱһֱܺãĵҩƷһֱֺܸߡǿ£Щ˾Ҫ˵Ļˡ
ЩĻ¥Ҳٶֻͣ΢ЦӦ
ǧҶ𣬴ˡð߶ܹ˹֣תȥĵҩ


2516 ۷׷
һŵҩǧڣ
δţ
˵Щͨ޵ߣ¾վ۷Ҳûǧھʯĵҩ
ȽϳõľԪ鵤ÿһҲھʯѡɵ¥ľԪ鵤Ʒʷǳߣۼ۾ÿһھʯ
ðûйǧҶֵǧھʯĵҩڴ˵Ϣɴ˾ʹɵ¥ˡϢٶȺܿ죬ղĹ򣬴ɳǵ޵߶˵˺ɳÿżֵǧھʯĵҩۡϢ󣬶⵽ɵ¥հһ
ǧҶ޵ߣëǡ޵𣬿ҲûǸǡ
ϢںɳǴ򴫿֪Ϣ磬ҲͲ˵ˡ
޵ߣϢ֮Աǡ
ǾȷϢʵԣҲźɵ¥۵ǧҶֵôھʯ
۷׷ס
ڸеľ¥ܿ޵ۺɵ¥ۼǧھʯĵҩò˵ЩĻۣɵ¥õ˲޵ߵκΡǺɵ¥ǧҶһЩС¥ǶϢ޵۶ۡ
ȻˣҲкܶ޵ȻΪɵ¥ڳΪһЩӵֶΣǿڳƲݺɵ¥Ϊ
ִ󻷾£񽭻ص˽̻ܲ񽭵õ͵ǧҶ󣬱ԽϿٶֱ̻ܲգڻصܲӺɳǵ˽ʱ䡣
ϴˣ̻ܲһ񽭣æ
ţ᳤ܻڰɣеʵ
᳤ܻڱԺСӦ
£񽭾ӰһЩãȻ񽭳Ͻô˵ļꣿǰĸ߳ϣɲӡ
Ƭ̺󣬸񽭾͵˽᳤̻ܻס̻ܲҲǷǳӴԺ䣬λ̻ǵġ
񽭳ϣˣ᳤ܻ񽭣Цһ΢΢üʲôˣôż
᳤ܻ񽭵Ŀ⣬Щ졣񽭣ǽ̻߲ԸǳصһλϡѰʱ飬ǱȽشҲ治ɫɴʱ񽭵ֹ̬̫ðž⡣
᳤ܻ񽭶˶٣ƺһԡ
ֻǣһºʵڲ֪ô׵˵¡
᳤ܻȿ񽭷˵ˣֱӽʢǧҶҩƿóݸ᳤ܻ
ʲôҩ𣿡˿ƿֿ˿񽭡
ţǵҩ᳤ܻȿⵤҩǷӡ󡣡񽭵˵ͷ
źɵ᳤ܻƿ漴ͿһźɫԲҩƿڣһɶص֮ɢ
ⵤҩͬѰζͲһ㵤ҩܱȡ᳤ܻ˵
ѰҩҲеûλ᳤ܻ鿴
Ź֣ҸоƺʲôطֵҩּǵòǺüѰż䡣
ͻȻһȻ񽭣˿ŵҩǧҶȽơԣҲǳӽ񽭳ϣ⵽ʲôҩ
᳤ܻŵҩǧҶɳǾԳô˵ġ񽭵
ʲôǧҶôܣڣﻹҵǧҶɫ䡣
Գ˵ѾȫǧҶɹĽǧҶҩ˳£ȷʵšǾԳȻᣬȴëԸȻ˵ŵҩǧҶԲҴ⡣ټӿ
ţ˵е
ǾԳһˡ
ֻǣŵҩǧҶΪν˵㣿Ÿ񽭡
Գ˼ǣҪǧҶ˵͸ңϣܰæ֤ҩЧʵԡ񽭻ش˵ǧҶֵ;ˡһŵҩһƷȡ
·ͬСɣ˵ͷˣ
ԺӰӻĺ󣬺ܿ˽
ܲĳ뵽Ը
ǣ᳤ܻˣӰӻϢʧڷС
ûʱ䣬ܲĽ᳤̻ǣ㵽ڡ᳤ܻ͸񽭳ϣһͬǣһ֪ʲô飬Ϊʲô᳤ܻҪͻȻټǵ
λϣȲҪ⡣һ񽭳ϴӺɳǴĵҩǣϸƿȵݸԼһλϡ
ǣƿ鿴ĵҩ
񽭳ϣŵҩʲôҩôûһɻʵ
תĿ˿
Цһгϣϳ˵


2517 ֻԵ
᳤ܻĻڳ϶̧Ŀ
տ˵ʱҾ;ƺʲôطϸ룬˵ǧҶǳһϿ˵
Ҳô˵ǧҶ
ôһ˵ˣ봫еǧҶһģһ
ڳĽ᳤̻ϣ½ڡЩϴҲȫ֪ǧҶҲбȽĳϵһ˵ǧҶ
˵Ǹ񽭳ϴɳǴġ
λպɳǾԳ˵˵ǧҶ泤ϣ㻹ǵõǽ̻뾰ԳƷ°ɣǧҶĲȱһͬ˹ȥ񽭿ڣ泤ϡ
ȻǵãǧҶĲȱǽ̻͸Գġ泤ϵͷ
ԳԳƣѾȫǧҶҽҩ˳˵
߳ϣⲻܵġԳǶ֪ɵ¥Ʒɵǳ֡ǣҪ˵һٶʱͽǧҶȫʵšһҡͷ
ǰʷϣҪȫǧҶɵʦɲ١Щɵʦķʱ佫ȫڲȱϣҲʧˡ
ԳǿҲôʱͽǧҶƳǣ֪ǧҶȻܡ
ǣ̫žƳǧҶ
λϣԳˣҵ˽⣬޵ķʸ˵ڲƭʲôأŵҩ͵ģҴйǼٵĿʲôȻǵʦҲȷⲻǶü˵
һʱҲҲ𰸡
᳤ܻ˭ŵҩʹõ֪𣿡泤顣
ȷʵһֱܼӵİ취
ܵҩǼ٣иֱӳˣЧȻһˡ
̫סŵҩľǧҶֵ˵Ҳ֪Գǲ󷽵һš᳤ܻҡͷ
᳤ܻ϶Ŀ⿴
϶壬ƷɵʦҲǽ̻ڲΨһƷɵʦ
̻ĳǿ϶᲻Լĵʦֻǣ̻ЩĲڵϣԵԶԶšһǿһλƷɵʦûУ˵ȥ
϶壬ǽ̻ƷɵʦݳȻ϶ϲ̻ᾭӪչֻƵҩԼһȺ̻ĵʦҲѡһЩе츳ӽ
϶ƢȽϹ֣ǽ᳤̻ܻӣǰʱҲʹԣڣλϣѰ̫϶򽻵Ϊˣ񽭽ǧҶӺɳǴ󣬲ûмȥ϶塣
λϣ˵أתĿڳˡ
ǣ¶ŹЦݣûֱӻӦ
¹ش󣬻붫ɣ࣬ҲǱ䡣ЦЦ
ԸӰӻȥɵʦ
᳤ܻ͸񽭵һȺϣű϶嵽ǣ˽ӽʱ١
᳤ܻʲô£æ϶󣬱ֱӿڡ
̻ĳǣֻɨкáҲ֪϶ƢԵҲû˾òȻˣ϶ݵλҲѰ֮¡
һŵҩżɽ˵
Ա϶壬Ҫ˵ЩûӪĿ׻˵á
鵤ҩʲôҩ϶᳤ܻ˵ԼΪ˲鵤ҩЩͷˡ
Ʒɵʦֲǵʦѧͽ᳤ܻһ˾Ϊ˲鵤ҩû˦뿪Ǹ᳤ܻˡ
վƿݸ϶塣϶ӹȥƿ⡣ƿڵĵҩ󣬱Ѹٱ仯ˣ֣Сĵȡҩ˫Ŀźɫĵҩ档
á
ˣûгšڣŰ˾ֵú΢
ôᡭУôǧҶҩڣã϶ų˫ü
ŵҩǴɳǴġãǧҶ𣿡˫ĿһĨ˸Ա϶
򣿺ɳǣ
᳤ܻŵҩҿκ⡣Ӹ棬ϢɫȵȣǧҶ϶˵ͷ
ǣһɴ۾
ֻͨڵĲҲܰٷְȷû⡣Ҫõٷְ׼ȷĴ𰸣ֻѡԵ϶ֽ˵


2518 ӹ
϶Ʒɵʦڵϼɫƾζȷжϣȷʵ˵ȫȷŵҩǧҶ
Ȼ϶ʱûиٷְٵ϶ڳĳϣһԵЩû⣬˵ŵҩкܴļʾǧҶ
ʲô
ƽ
ղ泤Ҳ˵ҪԵǣԵĻ˵ǧҶŪڶſܾҪȲ̵ʱˡ
ǰŵҩɳǣǽ̻ɳϵӦûܴӺɳ򵽴˵ǣ㾰ԳԸǧҶǣȥһһҲҪϳʱ䡣񽭽ӿڶԶ˵
ǧҶش˻ҪǶԵҩо
᳤ܻ϶忴˿
ȻƳǧҶֳܽ롣ǣֻҪеһԵȻˣһ뵤ҩЧ϶ԶһЧôãֻŵҩķ֮һЧãΪȷҩǧҶҲֻӡ϶建˵
ҩֳ룿΢΢һ㶡
ŵҩġҪһŵҩֳ룬ɲõеġҩڣ̺ƽ֯ǿнһŵҩֳ룬ŵҩڼ̵ʱɢ
ԣԴˣҿ϶ͷ
аգǾôɣҲ˵ͷ
õ᳤ܻͬ⣬϶̾ͶĶƺ֮ͬǰѾ׼
ǧҶֳ룬ûķѶʱ䣬̣ԼҲĸʱ䡣ɲҪΪʱ̣ܶСеѶȡĸʱԿ϶϶ǽȫľ񶼷˵ҩϡΪڽҩֳʱ򣬳Ĳʧȥŵҩ
ˣ϶˫֣аźɫҩ
Ҳܻ˵϶ȽֵĵҩŻصƿڣͽֵİŵҩС
ûԼŵҩˣûѯ᳤ܻ
϶°ŵҩӶҪɳˣ뿪ڣʵڲ֪˵ʲôϣһҲЩɵۣ¶ЦλԸǷǳ˽⣬ֻܱͿЦ
϶°ǧҶҩϵı÷ǳʡЩʹּ࣬˷ܣ۾΢΢ܣʱӿ
˺һᣬ϶۾
Σ϶۾æʵ
񽭵ȳϣҲȫ۾ű϶壬λش
浤
᳤ܻǧҶӹɣ浤
˼飡ǲ˼飡޷ھȻܹƳǧҶǺɳǵľԳڵϵ˿¡϶̾˵
浤
ǧҶģ촽š
ô֪ǧҶǾԳƵģʵ
ǸղŲ˵ŵҩǴӺɳǴģɳǵľԳҲжšɳǧҶֻǾԳƵġ϶΢С
벻벻ȥôãǧҶؼˡǺǡһԳ϶
϶ҲоǧҶȱҲԹȫʧˡ
᳤ܻǧҶܹ޵崿ȣӦϵԳвɹǧҶҩһһת˵
ûԽԽáɳǧҶ۵ϢѾӦûûϢġӦóᣬһЩǧҶ򣬵зӦǾʹˡԳеǧҶֻҲǺܶࡣ泤֣صĵ
᳤ܻҾͻȥˡˣʣµİŵҩҴȥܷܲݳƷ϶˵仰װƿת뿪
˿ű϶뿪Цá
񽭳ϣ鷳ϵԳһǧҶǡӦǾͽ֤Ϣȥǲ¾Գ᲻˵ġԸ񽭵
ãֻǡ۸϶ǳߵġ񽭵
ٹҲùһЩԤУݳǧҶƷĿԺܵͣܳɹҲǶʱ䰡̾һҡҡͷ
漴񽭴Ѷԡ
Գ񽭴Ѷ
߳ϣʱѶңѾص̻ܲˡԻӦ
ǵģѾص̻ܲҽǧҶ᳤ܻ鿴ˣ᳤ܻ˼ǣйһЩǧҶЦһ


2519 ľС
뾰ԳѶʱн̻λ϶Ÿ񽭡
ŶԵ
ԳѾ᳤ܻ֤һһЩǧҶǡ㣬һҪӰҪȻҶɶˡЩŵȻǹġ
߳ˣǧҶȷʵһЩ߳Ҳǲԡ۸񣬿ǱȽϹ󰡣˵
һǧҶҪھʯ񽭿˿ִѶ˵
ÿǧҶһǧ˰ھʯۡһǧ˰ڵĵۣҿǧҶ߳㡣Ц
Եıۣ˶̲ס˿
ȻѾ׼˸߰ۼۣ˻ǲ𶯡
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߳ϣҸӣһھʯšͲҪٶ˵ˡ
ǧҶҿƣǲϷǳϡȱҿԱ֤кܶ򲻵Ե
񽭿
᳤ܻԸ񽭵˵ͷ
ãԳô˵ˡھͶǰɳǡڣұִɳǡˬ˵
뾰ԳѶгǶɳһӡÿˣ񶼺ȡֻǣҲҪһȽص⣬ʱֻܵõǧҶǧҶ˭ò˭أ̻ĳϣɲֻˡ
˭ǧҶԼ崿أ
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һϢ̻ͨȥЧö˵

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λǿɲҪСǸ԰λõߣܣ
һ£˵ɵ¥ƳǧҶҲǧҶɵ¥϶ƾԼǧҶУȻһֵҩЧǧҶһơ
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˵ǣԺɳǰ·񿴣ǲ޵ķʸǵǧҶ̫ǧҶӦǧҶЧƵĵҩ˵ܹǿ׳޵ߵȵȡһƷɵʦͷӹĻͷ
̫ɶˣľСɵʦԡ
򣬶ۺɳۺɵ¥ǵ̫ˡݿɿ鱨ɳǵ˿ڣѳһڡ⣬ҲǴˡһƷɵʦɤӵ
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ľٶڳİڸ߲ǣЩˣôˣʲôˣ
ˣʲôˣһƷɵʦһ䡣
˾޴ķӦȻΪող鿴ѶеϢġ


2520 õ
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ѾҲûҪˣΪû塣
ڣҪжˣ취ŪһǧҶ˵
ڵȥɳǹǧҶɳǿ϶ǲὫǧҶ۸ǵġԣҪͨ;
ףɵʦǣͷء
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ڰڶԣ֤ǧҶЧþԲʲô¡ԴһȺɵʦûʲô򣬱ȷǧҶʵԡ
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ǾСôǧҶƳģ
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ִܲڵʱǰºˡ
ڵǰе᳤ܻͨˡϵеԱӭϡеˣϴܲе᳤ܻԼ˿ϣһ֮ڡ
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òӣڻڣ᳤ܻƽƽ


2521 𱮵
᳤ܻòӣ¶ܸߵء
Ըæĸм᳤ܻԽ΢Цò˵
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ڳгˣһǸ㣬һǽɡɳϣԸոյִʱǣ档ֻǵʱɳϲδԿһ־Ӹµζλ㳤ϣǲǰ˺ɳǸ߼ݵгϡ
᳤ܻ˺ɳǣһ뾰Գ̸һ̸ҺܹӮԳҲǴˣ㳤Ц˵
ţǺǣ㾰Բӣкء棬ǾٰԵҲõɣԽ᳤
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һ˵˺Ҳ޷ϼһΪ˺׼˺ǾнҪںһɳ𣿺Ǻǣɳ֣վûе̰ÿ죬ֻ죡
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Уȷʵ̫ںɳǣҲ̫ںԳֻҪܵõǧҶõ棬֪ȵﾰԴٱ
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2522 ͼС
ʱƣӺɵ¥ǧҶ޵߻ԽԽ࣬ǧҶЧҲõ˸ϡ
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һ۽ӽɳǣ벻עĿǶܡ֮⣬۵ҲǳԼΪ켫ΪӴһֲɻȱĽͨߡԸո죬ǵҲǳһ۵ġ
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2524 ̸
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ǺҲûʲôֻ¾Գû˵ҵ֡ȻҲǰڵˡ𱨳Լ֡
ȻǰڵˣǾȲҪ˵Һɳǣӭڵκ˽롣
㳤ϣǺɳǵĹһΣҾͲ׷Űڵ˽ɳǵΡڣǶҪ뿪ҺɳǡĿзž
㡭ɫһƺҪ
Գβ˵˵ںأ㳤æڣûú𽫺ݻ˵
飬ҵڵˣ뿪ɳǡָָ
κҲֱӹϵϣò
Ǿȥ̸ˡԵ
㿴ȥ⣿
鷳˦˦䣬Щͷӡ
Ϳˣѡȥ뾰̸顣
ɳ⣡
һǺͿһȺӡһǾԡ׺ϾԼɳǵһЩӳԱ
˫Զˣ޵ߡðߣЩ޵ߡðһ϶˷ܣ˫ĿŹⶢųС
ȻشҪԳˡ
֪Ϊʲô顣
ںеĳһͬǰϵɳǳֵǧҶҩǿ϶Ϊֵҩû´ĻںпӾԳеõǧҶ
ǧҶһżֵǧھʯ˵ܹ޵崿ȵ񵤡ֵҩĵԳ׵ĽˣںУδ̫ˡ

Ⱥӿ̸źɳǡڡлǼֲֵǧҶ
㳤ϣ˵ˣϴԿڣŶĸ㳤ϡ
ãҾֱ˵ˡкͰڣõԳеǧҶ˵
㳤ڿЦҲ̫ףôҿܽǧҶĵǣЦһ˵
ԳȻҪǧҶĵ˵Ǵһ֪ԳǧҶĵԺɳǵƳǧҶ̫̫ˡɰǧҶĻԾͻ׵öࡣԳȫøκβϾͿ԰շֳɱõǧҶɵ
ǻеڶֺɰںйͬ۹ǧҶĵ۸񣬻ǳǳߣǻᾡþԳ⡣㻺˵
ֺʽ
һǽڣɰơҩƳ󣬰һı䣬ɳ߿ԴӰڻȡеһֵҩȻˣҲһݡһַʽкͰڹͬӾй򵤷ĻƳǧҶͲɳǷ֡


2525 
ֺʽЦпŸ㡣
ţַʽԳѡһ֡˵
ַʽҶѡأҾܾ㳤ϾҪ𣿡Լ
Գ˵ЦˣǶ֪Ǵˣ˶ʱơ룬ԳһѡһֺʽģԴҶáǧҶ̫ҪˣԳȻʵǿҲǧҶԶйǺܴ󣬿˭óвζ
ûǧҶҲɳ뾰ԱõĹϵںɳڣҲвٲҵġǧҶһϵͱˡΪ˵õǧҶвκԥľͻѡ뾰˺
㳤ϹˣʵҲһνʱơˣֻ¸㳤Ҫʧˡ۾̵˵
ϣ¶һĨŹֵı飬Щ⣬ַ·Ԥ֮С
˿ߵĺֿ˵Գ֪ʲô𣿡
ԸꡣҲ
Ժݣ֪ˡ
ԳԸܻ᲻˵ġ㳤Ц
û뵽ϵǿߡУ뵽ϵǿ֣ǴֱʰԵͷ˵
һԵ˾ף֮ǰѾ֪˺ˡ
Գˣǰڵѡҡҡͷ˵ԳʵҲûбҪѹϵŪôǧҶȷʵ⾰ԳǧҶĿءԳԸкͰڷǧҶĻȻҲܵõкͰꡣ
ûԳԸô֮ǰɳڵĶԹһʹˣԺ󻹻һ̶֧־ԳɳǡڵĿҲˡ
Ц
㣬ʧҸɳǹݣû뵽˵ĲϧȻˣɳǸ߼ݡһ

𱮣
Ǻ찡û뵽û뵽
󣬾Ȼ￴ϵǿߣһĺ𡣡
ܽǰڡ
棬ԳȻǲѵͲ´˺ɱ𣿾Գʵǿ󣬿ɿҲ򲻹ɣϵǿߣԳ֣ûе𱮰
ϣһֻʮܼ֡ϵǿߣȷʵס˵ȼɵ֮Ĵס
Ҫ֪Ԫֻʮ֡ɵ֮ǿߣȻֹֻʮλ
ҲΪϵǿߺѼںɳ޵ߣǰûмϳ𡣾ܲݣҲͨŲ̽׺λǿʢʱĴִй٣û档
޵ߡð֪ݺ󣬶ʱ˺ܴ궯
ǣȻΪԳǺĶ֡ϵĴڣѾˡɵ֮һĻô˵ϵǿվϡ
˶ãǺɳɱʧܵӦûǺɳǻǾԳ
ԳʵȷʵǿѰ۷еһǿ߶ԶԶв𡣵ǣǺѾǽӽɵ۵
ѹ֣ѹǰںеĳ϶ò޵
Գ̧
ԳĪҪΪ𣿡ȵ
֮ǣԲǾеĵˡ
ΪУǺǣҴδ˾ҾҺɳǺ۸ǿɾʹشˡˣһڣЦ
㳤ϣ̸˰˿˵
θŸ㡢һҪ档̸˳ĻͲҪκ顣ԾƲԳԷƣҲʱˡڣȻʱˡ
˵ͷҪ鷳
ɳǾԣɱҰڻǳ塣գҰڱҪΪҪһ˵ʵǿᣬҰְæڵĿ˵
ںжǧҶ־ڱصãǴ˴ǰֻһĿģǵõǧҶĵܺãܺͶᡣǶ֣Ҫһɣܹܲ˵Ϊ˴ӺɳᵤϾںжڳǿ


2526 ļ֮ս
ھǿԸ⿴޵ΪԼаġǣٻڱάһԼǽġ
кͰڣΪǧҶڱܾǴᵤԻһһڡǳǰڳԱ屻ɱǶԺɳǶԾԶֵĽڡ
ԸԸǧҶĵǰھԲ֮
ϷģͽɡԿ˵ͷ
һתľԡ
⾰ʵǿĺɱ¶һ죬ұҪʵжǿӣ鷽Բʮ
˵ʱ֮ȫ۵ۿɼ˵ϢԺΪ䡣Ǹ޵ߣԶΧ۵޵߶ͷһʶľ˲
ǿߣҲòתӺͷųѹǵУȴ͸֮⡣ǶԺżǿġʵϣڵе᳤ܻԺͬžԵġҪȻҲúɳǶԸԡ
ǿεǿߣӦɵ֮ǿĴˡ
Գڸı⻹üǴ˴ɳǣгģûҪ˺ֻҪͷǿԳΪѵġڵĿϣԾԽȰ˵
ֻ˿һۣзһ
ϢþҲǲС׼ڵλĺʵǳǿʱźϵϢȷһսǲɡ
ԼҲûоԵİջʤľ磬ûдﵽڣֻڡ
һսҪ¶֮Դˡг
ǲ֪Ķͺһ˵
ϣ⾰Աѹ֮󣬰аձ˵ǧҶ𣿡еĸ㳤Ͽſʵ
ûǲûֱնɱԡΪһԱɱǧҶܾԶҲû֪ˡҪѹԣȻͨһЩֶΣȾ˵ǧҶĵȵԽǾԵڡ
㳤ϷġֻҪǰУǰһַ˵ǧҶԸЦһ˵
ʱԺͺƣѾ˼¡ײɫؼ·ڵĿˮһ㱩ꡣ
Գᱻɱ𣿡޵ꡣ
ԳɳʣµкͰǰɾͲֵһˡ޵ҡͷ
ɳǵǿĿǰ˵ҪھǿڵĺɳǣȻѾ˲֮ǿ߼룬ǱϾʱ仹̣ܶ볬ǿʮǧսǺɳǾûκοֵܵǿ
˵öʱ䣬ɳǾͻᱻںơ
ҪɱԳҲ̫סҲΪԲᱻɱ
˵ԳҪߣϣȥԳ»սġǧҶԸڡзôɳǣ֮ΪԳӡ
ɳ̻ϵǳ̻ΪβɳأҲ޵Ϊ̻Ӧðɳһѡ
̻ɳǹϵȷʵǲѵĹϵ̻ᣬûΰɳǵֵڡеĹ˵̻֧ԮԳҲǣֱӳ۵ɳģ

սδʼǾĶǡ
֮У˶ֱۻ̧һ˽ɫĳǹֳǹı棬ܲɱǿȻ˳ǹһӵϵܡ𣬲֪˳ǹɱ˶ǿ
ɵ֮˳ǹò̫ãܳΪһ۱Ȼˣڵĳǹ۱ԶԶ
ǹļˣռǳܲס񣬾ƿһڣ¶ǻԪռòԪռţе޵߶ʶס
ںֳǹʱ׽ҲھԵСϣâɣ֮쳹ʮâ£ռ䱻˺ѳһ״
ƽǰĿžһ±׽âӳ֮ϡ
ſ°ɣһŭȣȻǰ̤һеĳǹóһɫкâӰӣľԶȥ
񱩵ɱ⣬ʱǵϯ


2527 ûʧ
죬˸ǧԪ
ںʱǹӰڣǵڻʱմҡ˿ǻӰأʱŶ޷֪
뿴ҵʵԸϣ㲻ڣϢᣬһХȻӶб׽
۵Ӵ󽣹⣬˲Ϣ䴩ϯǹӰ
ǹӰײһ̣ǺϢͺؼ䶼ס󣬲мȿ񱩵ɨ
˺󷽵ĺɳǣ󷨹âҫȻսγɵĳóдмҵֵԳеĳ
籩ĵӰȴ˿ֻǣܲ˸ĹΣ֤ǶҲڵֵŶԷ͸
ȻǱѰûʧԼһԾûӰ죬ûоȣ෴ĸΪ˷
Ϊﵽ̶ȣҵһֲסԪֻʮϡڣֻһѡϵǿˣδضڡԣҸƾеĶд貢סοĴڣ
𣬹ȻĺɱǿˡҲ
ǺǣɱǣĺɱʲôǺɱǣǰҲõͷһЦ
Ǿ㣬Щɻʵûе𱮣ȷʵЩס
Ȼֻһ̽ԵĹȷԵʵǿʵõӡ϶ǶģΪûܵأȻˣҲֻ΢ɻԪӡܶ࣬ǻ˷ǳǿӡҲδǰʮǰʮ޷𱮡
Ļÿ˼
԰
ԲǺܴҲ˵̤֮ʱ䲻̫ôΪûأӡԵ𱮣ΪҲûо֣
ϣϷ֣ȻϾ
Īǣûнûлӡʵ֮ǿ
һЩ˾ֻһֿܿԽʯûоԵ֣ǾǾԸûн
һ΢΢һ𣬱׽̡
֮Уγɵ˺ɵƵȵȷһ⣬·ն롣ӿϮɱ
оһĿֲڣܵסһ֮޵߿²Ҳ١Щų۷һ޵ߣһ£˲Ϣͻᱻɱ
׼ӭͻȻ΢΢һ
ãǻԣȷʵǻޣã̫ǿһ̴߷һ깥ķ
εĴڣ귨Ҫûвǹ¡귨Ե깥סŴ߶ȫֳֳǹѾֽĿֲ⡣
һŴ۵Ĺâǳеľ޷Χ۵޵ߣһסţܶ̿Ҫ̽ǣ𾳽޵ߣҲ޷͸ȥ
Ƭ̣еĹâõһЩǲֿеľ
һϮɫ۵ľԳһʵѪԳˡ
ٿ
ôܣ
⡭
ôҲˣ
޵ߣ¶һ˼ı顣ǼԳˣǾΪԭ;þԳǺĶ֣ܵס𹥻Ͳˣ˲ŲɺˣȴȫǵԤˡ
ƺҪȾԳһЩΪǵѪȥ࣬ҺλãҲ֮ǰ˲١
⵽ô£ѵʵȲϾԳ
ԡڵĿӵɵùԲſ
еĸҲǲı顣
ԣȻܻ˺ǰڡе᳤ܻԺǶǿͿġΪʲôΪޱǿʵ
ڸЩ˵ǿܶδûгɵ֮⻹ʲôܵĻ˺
˫͵Ŀע£˿ʱı鲻ǰȻˡڶν棬֪Եĳս֮¡ڶν棬ǲȫ߶ڵˣһײȻǴ·硣
˼ԳʸҺĶ֣룬ƺѾܾúܾãûȫԸĳˡžԡ


2528 ڤ֮Դ
ʱ򣬺ϵɱ⵹ǵ࣬ҲƺȻ޴档
ǣеĽŸȴǷ
еı׽Ŀŷ·йƤһĺ𡣾֪һν棬¾ʤֵײˡƽˣΣȴʮٱ
һνӴ̽ڶν棬Ȼȫ֣ǳԵֶΡĴڣûֶΣǵĹԲͨķȵȡҪ֪һЩϲε޵߶ĳֽط
Щµϼһ϶һЩѹ׵ֶΣֶײᱻʹãܹΪɱﵵֶΣӵмֲ
羰Ե֮Դ羰ԵĶ岨
ڷŵڶ𽻷ʱʹ˻ǽǵ͵ȻӰɱǶ岨ǿɾͲһܵסġ
ҵǺʶʶײʾ˵ֶΡƽ˵
ðǾ͡ʼɣЦ
еĽɫǹٴεĶһΣĶɫǹǰƶֻƶǹϣһبųϢ֡
ɫǹǹɫѸٱ仯ԭĽɫں̵ܶʱڱ˿ҶɫǹϣԳ˰߲ĺۼ
ɣϢ֪̿
ɳԺɳΪĵķԲʮһɼ䱯ڷΧڵ޵ߣܸоһɱСһЩʵ޵ߣ˻þǷ·𿴵ԼһϹսǵܣǲ֪˶ĿݹǣǵĽǱѪҺ͸ĺɫʯ
Ϣ޷Ƶ
ߵϣоһ
ûԸоߵϡ
һ£ֻɵǸγ֣Żߵϡɵߵ߷ɵ֮£޷
֪ģɵ۳ȴߵϴڣֻֿͣߵ۱еĳǹȻֲȴǵ۱ô˵𼴽Ĺ
˴𰸡
ҪΪ̡֮ԴΪֱӽɵ۵ĴУнȵ塣򣬾Ҳûκܹա𣬾Ҳ
ˣǾԵһμ֮޵ߡ

ܲ
󣬸ոսԼĴѶóֱܹӴѶˣȻࡣϰڲ߲ԱĻôܸ˴Ѷ˾͸ˡ
ʱѶģһ֮ˡ
ˣ᳤ܻԽ
Խ᳤Ӧ
ҲڹעźɳǵɣԽ᳤ʵ
ںжи߲㳤ںɳǣǿ䣬Ȼܵһʱ֪ɳǵλ֪ɳǵľԲԸǧҶҲ֪뾰Ѿ֣Ҳ֪˾ڽоǲơ
ţʱ˽⡣Ӧ
һģжλڳϼһֱ뿵ϴѶСɳսݵܲӳʱ䲻ᳬһ
УҲڲ࣬Խ᳤Ҳʵʱע
Եǿ󰡡Ȼ൱Խ᳤ܲɵ˵
˵൱ǱȽίġΪսУ·Ǻ
Խ᳤ǵĺھ𣿡ЦһȽԽ᳤ͿĶˣûκεģ·𵽴ʱǶԺŰٷְٵġ
ѵһ㲻ڵս𲻰ܣѹҲûϣˡԽ᳤˵͵ʴס
òǧҶĵеʧɲСǰ뻹ܴӺɳǹһЩǧҶǾºǾûֿˡ
Խ᳤صģʤǺǣǾȷʵǿϾֻһ޵ߡЦ˵
Ϊ˴ģԽ᳤üʵ
Խ᳤ʻû̻ش𣬶ǶƬ̡
֮˵Խ᳤϶֪ڤ֮Դİɣ
Խ᳤ڴѶкһ
ڤ֮Դ
Խ᳤Ȼ֪ڤ֮Դˣһ
˵Щǿ߾ȫŪһǿġŪȫ¡Խ᳤Щǿ䣬ǲġ
˼ǡڤ֮ԴԽ᳤ޱ𾪵˵


2529 ׹ҫֻ
Խ᳤𲢲Ժ˽⣬ԶԺ˽̡
ͻȻڤ֮ԴԽ᳤뵽Ǻڤ֮ԴҪȻڴʱ˵ڤ֮Դʲô˼
ûѾ˲ڤ֮ԴʩչеġֻءӦ
ڤ֮ԴҲֻһʽ֮Դ׹ҫŻʽֻأڤ֮ԴеһС
ѹܹ˵ȻԽ᳤Ц
ǾʵǿҲܵеùʩչڤ֮ԴĺԽ᳤ԷģĵźɳϢǡ
ʩչֻأʮġ˵ʱûܸɳǵľԡ
Խ᳤һѶҲ׷
ʵڣǿһҲڹעɳǵ
Щ֪ĺ뾰Գ֣ǵȤʱǡ˭֪ԳʵǿѰ۷徳޵ھԳǰֵһᣬǺȻͲһˡ
ǿĸ߲ǣҲþԳǺ֡
̻ᡢ챯ڻ¥Լ˾ҵȵȳǿҲڸԵܲͨ˽ɳǴʱ顣
ںɳвҵҪ˽ɳףڲԱںɳǣֻҪϵںɳǵĳԱɵһʱ֪սľЩںɳûвҵϢݿܾͻһӳ١
ɳ⣡
ֻأͷ˳ؼ䱯ĲϢŨˡ
ÿµֶΣϵͺ
Ǻĵ⡭ƺ𼶷˰ɣ㳤ϽſӰ
𼶷˿µɣϵ
͸ˣҲ֪ڤ֮ԴʱʩչֻأǲŸһֶչֳܲ²һȻҲ֪ڤ֮Դ
ϾǼȺģε𣬺лӴһɵ۽ֵľ󶼲˵ʶܶˡ
ţӦ̫ˣգǾԻ㳤ϵϣܿ¶˷ܵɫĿǾ⡣
Χ۵޵УҲһЩȽмʶҲԼܲ³ʱʩչֶγ𼶷ķ롣һЩʵϵ͵޵ߣܲסֻصѹɫ԰ȫ˼ˡ
ԣһУֻأص
ǿ󣡺Һɳҫƾ̣ӦþһɣΧԷ쳣ĻԾ
ԺʩչȻóֶξ͵ֵסˡʱ򣬾Ծ㲻뱩¶ԼݣҲòʹ֮ԴԸ
ҫǺǣȻʵǿֵǰҫЦһ
ĪǾã¼ֻһΪһֻأҾˣ΢΢Ŀоŷ
ֻѹȶʱܵĵ˲Ϣ䱬һɫ׹⸡֡
׹ҫԿŭȡ
䣡񱩵ɫ׵磬һ¡
׹֮£ֻγɵıգҵ˺
ڤ֮ԴҲޱȵǿڤ֮ԴֻУֻһСĶԱܵĻֻӦǽ׹ҫŻ֮䣬˵ǺܽӽŻ
ԣʩչ׹ҫֻأǲ̫ʵڵľԻԵľ磬ܴﵽ۷Σ׹ҫֻس׻ڣԻṳ̂ھ硣
ֲֿײ֮УԵ壬޷Ƶĵ˿һɫ׹⻷ơԿһźɫӰƹ֮žԡ
˺һᣬֻصܲɢԣȥҲή࣬ԭλ˳ǧȻվûе¡
㡭ȻҲǡӦ֮Դɵʲôϵ㵽ֱӾͽ򣬲żȻ𾪵Ŀžԡ
ڴ֮ǰԾԴӷ쵽ֱӽ򣬶ûж룬ûнԺϵڣϳ֮Դ
ĻͿˣҲԲ۾һ¿žԡ
ԣĳԱȻɵ۵֮Դ


2530 ˺

ڴ֮ǰԴδʹù֮ԴڲʹǾǿټǾԵսжǿ
¥սϣӦоԵһϯ֮λɣ
¥Ҫ񵥣һǳаһս
ģҵٴѶܲԣĳԱ˻̴Ѷڵܲ
㳤ϣҲͬľٶ
Ȼм侪ô۷徳ǿߣǳǿ߲ԱԺܿͷӦ˹
ûлӦ⡣
ʹ֮Դݱض¶ʱҲö˵ʱԴȫ˺ʵһֻأӦþǺǿɱﵡһֻأҪԼ׹ҫǿһЩȲŻ
Ի׽廯ΪһӰڽӽĹУŻʩչ
Żƣϲ׹ҫ
׹ҫʩչʱһƬɫ׵ŻȥȴһɫĹߡ
ǡ˫üţڶУ
εĹǰһвͬ
ʶѾ˲ֹһ֮ԴеʽЩˡڤ֮Դֻһоֻءڤ֮ԴֻУܸǿĵڶδա˵ֵֻֻԵĹ
úãʹ죬ʹ죡ȣȻЩңԲʾ
ֻǣһʩչֻأȫԸҪƿԵڶԽȻͬײ󣬺ͳ׵׹ܻܾˡһսռκεơԵĵڶȵһǿһء
ƣȡ
ʱֶܳڶ࣬ϵı಻ʤģҪŻܡ
岨ʱ򣬾ʹ˻岨
ҪɱȷʵǺѣǱϾǣΪӽɵ۵ĴڡУܹսɱҵܹɱ𣬿Ӧò
򵥵˵ǣܲڻɱ
ԣɱԣû߾ȫֵŻʱ򣬸ߵȻ岨Ҳ˳
屻岨зһҽС
崫ľʹʹ
Ļ쵰㰵ңӵĶҲǷǳǿģܹеز˵ԶѰ塣
ӡҲġ
ǰùһλǵ͵ȻӰɱԼǿ壬Ƚɾ͵סӰɱĹһΣȴǸߵȻ岨Ϯɱǻ͵ס岨͸

䣡ǰĲΣȻɢ
ûбǺƾֻ͸ֶַΣǲܹסŻģȻҲܵһЩˣԲ˺
Ȼûô屻岨к޷άȫֵŻˡ
ۣŻγɵɫߣϢᴩ˺塣
ɫߴ͸ɲǣֱһŽɫ⣬ĸ֮һСԿǸ˲ڣŤһ¡
ɫߺᴩǽɫâγɵ֮ʧһͬʧģǺϰ
Żм˺ѡһ̣һֹıܿ˺ɱˡ
Եǰʱֻʣŷ壬˺ѴûѪҺӿ˿ڱ׹ճɻɫ
Ӵ΢һ㣬Ǻɱ˾ڣǿסһȻƶȻǷǳǳأŻչ壬Ҫָ²Ѱҩܹ߱ġ
ÿ죡΢΢һ
Ծ˵ҲѾܾûȫĳˡһȫԸڷɵ۴ӻԪռĹ
ؼ񱩵𽥵ƽϢһЩ
һսҲһ䡣ǣֻʣ°ӵˡ
ԶˣΧȺȫľսʼ֮ǰǲһΪԳǺĶ֣ܻܿᱻɱڣȫ¡Գʵں֮ϡ
ңԳȻкϵ
ڵĿеĸ㣬ˣɫҰףҡ
㳤һ˵ԳǰġСֻǡ
㳤ϵĻЦһ
̧̧֣׽ǰһӡһâϯʱֱֳ͸㴩ȥ


2531 
еĸ㣬ƲһȻԾίķȻίˡ㻹䱳ĳǿУǺö
˵ʱľԣеŭ⻹Ҫڡڵɳ£֮ǰĶԹԭ򣬳˴ǺġУʵǲˡǰɳиûгԹԻе㳤һ߼ݣиùϵеΪþԺġ
ݱ䵽һﻹпܷŹ㣿
ǾԿԼױȵʵ˺ǽ֮󣬾ԾͽǽɳҲںеС
㳤ϸоϢƽı飬з˻
Գ㲻ɱңס֣ס֣㳤ϴʱ˲ˣþͣ֡
Եʵֵͷǿ𣬶ھԳУ㣬ʲôֵԳĹ
ǰڵĿںߺ󣬿һ仰Ҳû˵ڼԶԼĽȫͼֵȻ֪ԼûϣסǳԵֵˡߣϾ֪ԼˣԳܷŹڵĳϡ
ۣۣ
֮⿵͸۷徳ż޵ߣǵ㱻嫵ѹ촷ۡ
ɱǣ԰˰֡
ߣ㡢˱Իɱﻹһеӡ
Գ󣬴ܹܰ׺ɳӣеӰΧһɱ¾֮չеĶӳҲ֮Ҳûֶܼá
ûʱ䣬еӾͱ¾
ˣ
ʱ򣬺ɳǵʦ飬ţܵĴ´ӳ߳ǰ
ۣҵŦơۣԺǺɳǡԶţܷԸ˵
ǣţܹӦʹһȺʦۡ
ڣû޵߿ƣҲûٷţܵˣҪƿۣʲôѵ顣
һֵۣǳľˡ۵Ľ죬Ҫܶǿ󷨲ã۱ĲϣҲǷǳͰġҪȻҲ޷ڻԪռСЩѰĿʯϣڻԪռǼֲ˶õģǻᱻԪռʴ
Щ鰲źú󣬾ԺϾص˳ڡ飬þԴ
ֱԳغɳڣΧ۵޵ߣһźָ죬ԳһսⱲӶǵһս
ս֮ǰû뵽Գܹܺϣĺ𣬾ȻͱԳɱսĳ棬жĿˣƾһⱦǿߵġıһǳǳ󣬿ǳɵ֮֡ΪԪ֮У޷˲ơһһǿ޵˲ߣЩ𼶷ġ
ԳʵԽǰ˰ɣ˿˵
¥ǲ⹫ġһ޵ߣ֪ľǣȻ֪ܲľΣⲻܶ޵֪Ĵڡ
һЩ޵ߣ֪ǺǰĴڡ񣬾Գ˺𣬾˵Բʵں֮ϡʵȵĿԽǰпλеһ
ںɳ¥ϵܲ¥ܲὫϡ
Գˡ
ѹ֣ĺɱ׷ɱԭԱ޺ƣԳֱӳɱɱǡ
ţԭǻΪԳɱɱǣΪɱںɳڶסڿԭ򲢲ô򵥡ɱǲںɳڶ֣ԳҲְڵġ
ǣԳԭסԷ졣⡭ôϵأ
˭֪ءԳ϶ŲѰĹϵҪȻô֮Դأ֮Դɵ۵˵ǿʢʱҲֻĵĲֳԱʸѧϰ֮Դ
Գ᲻ɵ۵ĵӣ
пܣɵȻѾܾúܾû¶棬˥ܵĹжû֡ǣ˵ɵǹⲻ¶ģ̵Գĵӣոʧء޵Ŀž˵
һսڵ޵ߣԾԳۣעڶʱƽϢˡ


2532 
У
᳤ܻԽһǰİʯϣ鸴ӡոյõϢսߣ㳤ϱɳǳԻɱ
ǽԽ᳤ûġ𶼱Իܣڣ˭ѹԣǣֻɵԳˡ
ʱĽԽҲЩڡ֪ˣ϶ͲֶȡǧҶĵ
еʧ̫ˡ
ʧȥ˺ɳǵ꣬һĳϺһ֧ӡȻһҼֵ˵Ҳ뾰С
뽭Խ᳤һģмϣ뾰ԼĽɳҲڡɳϵһμԵʱ򣬻ЩƲԣоֹһ߸ϵӡڿ̬ЩЦܹܺĴڣȻư̬
ģԽ᳤ӣܷŭֲǵķŭ
еľ޴ʧ˵ԼɵģǾȡ
᳤ܻڡô죿һʡ
ô죿Ǻɳǣˣǣɵ۴Գ֡Խ᳤ɫ
᳤ܻҪҪ˿
Ǿԣ黹ɱ㳤ϣһԥûеġ£ὫۻУһλҡҡͷ
Ҫԡһֵۣʮھʯг̾һ
ǲö۵ģ˭뵽𾹲ǾԵĶ֡ԣȻˣ֮Դɳҡͷ
ߣҲQ˶ˣ˻ʰġɵԶԺɳǳ֡ʱкɳǸϢԽ᳤ͳ
˥ܣмɵ۲ֵӰӡ˵ɵˡ

ڣ
ڿϣЩãȻ
ӣһϢڵĸ߲㶼ˡ
Ǹԣô֮ǿ
ǡһһƷɵʦ
ҡͷôأʲôɣŰɣǰڵԸ˺ɳǵġ
ڣͲǿġǿģǵ
˵е۶ɳǶȡˡһΣʧǳ޴󰡡ɵʦ˿ڳ˵
ʧ޴Լ顣ǣҲҪǧҶ𣿡һɵʦ
ɳǣҲ̫ˡǾսʱʹ֮Դ϶ɵʲôϵдɲϣ񡣡

̻ᣡ
ں˵ִɳǣ뾰Գֺ󣬽̻йעս̻ںɳдĲҵҲעսΪԳսܣǺɳǾͻںеСһˣ̻ҲóάԼĲҵ
йע£̻ĸ߲ǣõ˺ɳӵѶϢ
᳤и񽭡泤ϵˣͬĿɿڴԭΪɳҪˣû뵽Ȼһʮٰʮȵķת
񽭴ЦһкͰڣһʧ̫̫ˡΪɳǺ۸ΪһܽɳǡڣһڵóӶ˰ɣ
˵Ҳ벻ղţǻɳ֮Ӧ֮ߡһλЦЦ˵
ɳǴʢǵùһ̻Ļ᳤ڡ
ʹѶԳǽ̻Ĺء˵ţ뵱ԳѶ
ԴѶԳɣ᳤ֹ̧֣˸񽭵ĶԸԳѶ
᳤̻ľٶҲ˵ˣ̻Ѿɳǿ̻൱ɳȻֻһУеĳǾԣһԳҲ͹ˡ
Ҫ֪Щǿ䣬ԺǿߣǺ̬ܿȡ𵽴ǿͣǸ䶼ƽȽ̸Գʵں֮ϣ


ݺ죬ڿĹá
ǰһ״ǹ̨ӡ̨ϣԿм临ӵƣߵתԣ״Źֵ̨ӣǳɵ۵ֱʡ
úݺڻ̨֮ǰųֹŹ̨ӡ
ˣݺ죬ηСĴһ
Ĺƺ˵ˣǸ˭Ǻˣǽһɵۡ
ݺһ󣬲δ̾͵õӦݺ죬˽һʱ䡣ͻȻŹ̨ϣһģ֡


2533 ޶׳
̨ϵģѸٱȻһͷ
ʵͷӦߵ
ݼˣݺߵڵأиߺ
ΪκңͷſڣԶǿԽš
ˣҸȼļ¹ش󣬲Ѳžˡݺæ˵
УնɱĺɱǣΪЩɱ׷ɱ޺ƺƽ
죬ҼǵѾ㽻ϧһнɱڡͷĮϣһֲɿܵ
ˣһֱ׷ɱڡһڣͻ̽лɱڣһЩ⣬һоԵ޵ߺճƺǴӷ졣ոʱǶ֪йϵֱֲű¶ݣʹ֮Դݺ˵
ˣоԵ˷ǳǿ𶼲Сӣֻʣ°ݺֲһ䡣
˵ô࣬ͲԼܣǾȷʵ̫ǿˣܲöԸ
СҵǼѾӽɵ۾ˡ˵ǸоԵģڽл˺ͷƺҲеЩ⣬˵֮ԴȻһЩְ
ͷ˵ɵۡ
ˣ汻ܵģѾó·桢һӻԪռ䷵졣˻ĬGһɱǸĳСֻǣ·һ컹Ҫܳһʱ䡣ݺЩΡ
ĬGѾԪռӻس·һٶȣɱǻص죬Ҳ֮ˡ
ݺ仰˵ͷûϻӦ
Ƭ̣ͷ˵ڣ֮⣬ɱʵǿʵȻ±ȺҪһ㡣СӶǾԶ֣϶ҲǾԶ֡Ȱɣɱǻص죬ٶ֡ʱһᴫһЩϢΪһЩ֡оԵ˻ĳУ뱻𡣡
ǣףݺæ
ʱԪռһĵطҲ޷ֻɱǸԡˣɣͷ˵仰𽥵ɢ
Źֵ̨ϣָԭӡ
Ź̨ӣλɵִģܹݺֱܲӴѶ硣
ɳǣ
ˣţܵʦѾĨ˷ԭеı־ܹܰ׺ǰ
ܺáԵͷǡ
ʱľԣո᳤̻Ѷ᳤̻Ѷ²һۡ
ˣһ㡣׺˵
ǡԵͷ
Ƭ̺һԵǰ
Կһ΢΢һĿ´һ¶Цݡ
һͻˣЦʵ
һǷ޵ߣһޡ֮ǰһڤվ۷徳硣
س˵ĻҸոͻƾһӦ
һȻŬԼƽеļ˷ܣǺȫƵġϣʲôǴ۾ܿϲ֮顣
ãܺðһǻޡ𼶵ĻޣǸոͻƣҲпܻɱһЩھѰˡȹһʱ㶼вѰ۷޵ˡЦһ˵
һôͻƣҲЩ⡣֮ǰһȻѾ۷壬ǻ飬Ҫͻڤվ֮һ޵ѶҪܶܶࡣŽȥʱ䣬һͳɹͻ
ǳ࣬Ⱳֻ¶ûϣɾ𡣡һ˵
ԾԵĸмǷĵġ˵ģҲʵͻƣҲǿžԸǧҶǧҶ崿ȣ˾ųɹĿһûǧҶǿ˵Ҫȵʲôʱͻơ
һɳǵĻ޶飬񣬻޶Ѿŵˡ޶ٶȣҲǱȽϿˡⲻ꣬ʹֻһһڵٶȷչȥò˶ãɳǾһ֧ﵽĻ޶顣
ȻˣΪ֧޶ܹγǿսҲǺķԴڣڵĺɳϼҴҵ󣬾ܳܵסġ
һԼµļ޵ϸµĶԾԻ㱨һǼޣٶȶܿ죬Ѿʽ
һѾ̤֮Ⱦȹ̺󣬾ȥȡӡɣһʱ


2534 
Ԫľÿһһ
һѿ֮ӡʵȻǻһǳ
ǣһӦһ
ӡȡûӡԺܵӰ졣ӡ޵ߵսҲܸ޵ٶȡ
Щα𣬾α޷ҲͲܻӡһ㣬ŵαȡ
ɳӵĴӳʯ˶α
ӣɳȻԼٶšڻԾ޵ÿ춼һߵ֡
ɵ¥ͺ⣬ҲĻ𱬡
¥һЩΪһֱеʦɵʦɵ¥Ժɵ¥ĵҩӦܹά֣볣浤ҩĹӦǺΪˣȻ٣Ҫʹҵ޵ʵ̫ˡ޵ʹúңýŶӡļ弶ңá
޺飬ҵʹ÷ãûͬ⡣ֻ˵ʱ죬ڳڽڶ
ʱ䣬ֹ˰ٶꡣ
һľ磬𽥵ȹܶ޵߸ոͻ֮ʱ򣬾ȹҪʱȽϳһȹȴܿ죬ԭҲΪںɳеɳǵĸԴӦоУԳǺģֻҪҪĶԳ
Ϊˣڶ̶̰ȹ̾硣
ˣҴվͶȥһٴǰ˵
ΧԶ
һλеֵ֮Сλ֮һݺҲ֮
Ҳû⽨ʲôЩǿȵǿ̬ġе޵ֻҪﵽ֮
λʦ׵Щƣ򼸺ûеˡ״ʦƽ׽ˣӾЩˡЩǿҲܸӡƺҲΪһƽ⡣ĶǱĳһǿռݣǺܾܿ޷ƽˡǿ⿴ĳһƿġ
ԣ
һһö߼󣬱ҽ͸óһöǺɳǸ߼źɳǸ߼ݡ
ͳ߼Ҳʾõ˼
ǣһӦ
գһʹŸ߼ɳǣǰľ
ԶһڣһͿɵִ
ӳɳǵٵִľһ·϶ǳ˳·һǿٷ˶û
һɫĹڣһ˵ȥȽϲϣҰ׺ܳ
½𣿽ʲô֣ѯһ
һǵһڵģûнΧĲǺǿͻƽġһ˵Լ½Ȼ̽˵ǰ
һǰſ֮˼ˣȡӡһ΢΢˵
һ΢΢üû֡
һ½ƺͻȻðġ
Ժδʵ
ˣǴӺɳǶһ˵
ɳǣüͷûɿһĿеĹЩ졣
һǻޣ̤֮ǷͬѰʱ͸оλԼ̬ȣƺ飬˵Щ䵭
һǾԣһʵ
ǣˣǴӷһʵʵ˵ĵ
ˣǳˣҽ㡣һ߼ȡ˫ǰݸ
˿һֿ˿һе
û̽ӹ
Ȼ֪ɳǵĸ߼߼ǳԻãǳǿĸ߲㣬úɳǸ߼Ҳ޼һö߼ʾõ˼ԡ
˺һᣬһѾʼʱ򣬵Ž߼˹ȥ
һҲɳһ
ǺǣԳӷʵ˲ٴ鰡˿ܺõɳǸ߼ȴȤͻȻЦ˵ЦЩ⣬ƺǲмö߼
Ļһ˼˵Լ̫͸߼Ҳֻһ½˳


2535 ʹ
һܰӵˣʱһ̬ȣȴԵЩˡ
һĹ̬һֱúܣûаֵðʱһɫѾЩÿˣ̬ȣЩ˳ϡ
֮ǰһδл᲻˳
ž
һеĺɳǸ߼˲Ϣ仯Ϊ촷ۡ
һĻһЩŭˡλδ̫ˡ
ԺɳǸ߼ûκεȤȫԾܾȡһö߼ǣαص飿
ΪڴɳǵԳ
Ҫ֪ڣλȨصĴõһöɳǸ߼ɵãһˡԵǹҪɳǺ;ԳˡϢȥԺɳǺ;ԳһӰ졣
ʲô˼һЩŭĿŵ
ϵԳ飬һȻˡ㲻ܽӡҲĬ
Ѿ˵ˣҶԺɳǸ߼ûȤһ
Щ㲻ΪɳǸ߼Ҫǣαؽݻ٣㲻ҪͻǺɳǵĶֱӻٵǵڻٻɳǲ𣿡һͳ˵
ǺǡЦһĿз⡣
ǡΣһôҶ֣
֮һʵǿԲĶ֡һҲ˵Щںɳǵ˻һ㶼ڡڣ¥У
СӣвңϢһ
Ϸȥű㷢һȣֱչһɺ嫵ŲԶһȥ
һոտ֮ʱ䲻ȻѾȹ̣εǿȣȷʵ̫ˡʵҪЩ۷徳һǿ߿µö࣬ԱȺ𣬿ҲͲһΡҲܱΪ
һ̫ķӦֻܾĵֵϮҪȫסǲܵġһֻоԼֲȵĸ֪һЩ󣬲ŷԼѾ뿪˵ĹңѪڱǶѪ嶼ܵһӰ졣
СӣҪϷǰ㻹úܣϷ㣬ⱲӾͱˡӡȥɣУȥӣԺɳǵ½𣬶ʹӡһڡ
һ࣬ҧҧѽ
ҵʵǵ̫ࡣ깥͵ϮҲԶԵǸεǿ̫в£ҵˡһԺУٵתͷ
óԼĴѶԳѶ
ˣһѶԡ
Ƭ̺󣬾ԻӦһѾ˵ɣ
ʱ㣬Կ֪һӦѾ򲢲ңԶ
ˣҼ˵ҽӡһѹжԵŭ𣬶Ծ˵
ʲôЩ⡣
Ҳûܾһӡһֱģ뼸еĴûìܳͻΪˣԲҪʾãΪ˻ͳһö߼ڣһȴ˵
һô£ϸ˵˵Եࡣ
ˣҼһϸĽ뾰˵һ顣
һںɳǳڵľԣɫҲЩɻ󣬲֪ΪζԺɳǳ⡣һ̬ǲġ
һȲҪˣţԹȥԶһѶ
ǣˣһӦ
һжϴѶ󣬾΢΢һ׺׺̹һˡ
׺ھԴƬ̺ǰ
ˣң׺ʵоԴЩԣлɻʲô顣
ţ׺Ե˽ж٣ǰǷе⣿ԿŰ׺ʵ
ǺǣҶ˽úܣ׺Цһǿʢʱ򣬵ϵ׽Ǻ˥ܣǵ̬Ⱦ䵭ˡö֮Ҳûʲô߶ˡ


2536 
ǿʢʱϵܡ
˥ʱûԮ֣ı־롣˵һˡ
ֵҲûжʲô⡣ĵ˲٣Ҳкܶݰж֣֡Ӧûн֮ѡ׺˵
׺ԵҲûøУЩ񣬵̸ϵжԡ
ǾˣΪβһأơ
򣬿֪ܶźϵһѶʱ򣬾ԻΪ־ܾһΪϵжԡڿƺҲô¡
ֲһܽʲô׺Ҳһ¡
Ҳû뵽һȡӡ֦ڡжϣʱͻԾԳһ˵ˡ
šԵ˵ͷȥһˣһɣҵҪ˵ʲô
ھѯʹܹܰ׺󲻾ãԾϢĳ˺ɳǡ
ڣǾҲ޷˲ơǸεǿߣҲ˲ơԣҲֻܷгǰĹ
ȻˣʵǿľԣٶȻǷǳġ
һҵʱ䣬ԾѾԼܽˡ
ֽ󣬾ԸһѶѯһʲôط
λȷ󣬾Ժһ˳ľͼˡһǿеһֱڲ̫ԶĵطžԳ
ţһһԾü
һ֮أ
һǰѶʱһҲ˵˱ǿ˹û뵽һءһˣָòˣʱ嶼һһʱ䣬ɻָһ͸Ӧ
ðɣҵ壬һЩˣҪָܻһڨЦ˵
ţ߰ɣһһλƹҵҪʣΪҺɳǵˡɫ˵
յ蹦˾Ϳ˻ɫӴ󹬵ǵľ
ֹ
Ժһ̱еֵĽˡ
ףôֻˣˣϣٴο㡣Ϊ׵Ľһɫһ䣬Ӳһ˵
ȥͨ˵ɳǳáһû˵ԿڶΪ׵Ľ
ţ۾ʱԲžԡ
ԵĴȻ˵ˡ
λԳֱһȻʱ䲻ĴʹġλԳĺɳǣѾΪӴĳ֮һˡҲЩǿǣڹģɳȡ
֪˾Եݺ󣬽ͷ𶯣ӡ
Ϊ׵ĽԾԹ˹˵Եȣ
ԳԵҲҴ⡣Уλ൱ԵġɳǸսʱ򣬾͵˶ǿǰ൱ġ
Ϊ׽תʧڲڣܿ빬
˵ԳϵϣҲ¶ΪŹֵı顣
վڴⲽ
ʵϣ˵ԳԵλҲЩѹ֮ǰһǰֵúȫںɳǺ;ԳǲװģѡĳǰҪ˵ӣǾƭˡ
ȥڱչ޷šţ뿪˲̵ʱ䣬Խ
ǣת˴

Գڱչأڿ޷㡣ǽԾԵ
ǺǡЦһĿкŷ
Ĳɳˡҵú̸һεᡣôҲֻһЩֶˡ˵š
¡
䣡ؼ䷨𶯣ڡ
ص޷ĿֲѹȻ٣ЩĽ޷־˵ѹһӿ׹䡣ڣԼĹǡԵĹĿǹܵĲ
һ޴ӡڻɫܵϷһƵȻǧ£ǲ㲻ϵı˺ѡ
ĴĻɫʼ
ڵĵ΢΢һ㶣漴ͷӦʲô顣
ոս˵ɳǾԵͱȻǾԳˡ
С쵰Ȼҹŭɳ
ҲУܲڹڵžȫƿȻݻ


2537 
Ͽգ޴ĺɫӡѹȡ
󷨣ͺ񵰿һ㱻һİڰ£ӡĴ֮䣬γһ޴ޱȵĺɫС
ৣӰӹڷԾ
ס֣
ΧľԣĿһת˵һۣȴδջԼ
žણžણ
ܵĴ󣬳ܲסԵԼٶȱ߽⡣
ɵԽǰʱĴ󣬲ǱԴݻ֮һӡһᣬ󷨿ܻᱻȫݻ١
ԣʲô˼ҪϷս𣿡ŭɶ
ΪƿĹǵһαĿŵĹķŭ޲̽ɱףԵʵ֮ϣԾԶӣʲôɱԣ
ǹ˶°һǰųִҺɳǵһȴ˵ҶսЦһŵ
㣬һ˵ˣ֪ΪҪµˡ֣ȴⲻңҲòһЩֶΡЦż˵
㡭ȫ˽ҵĹҲӭҵȻȨ𡣡
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˵ǣδ̫ˡܣء룬һʵϢľͽĹɣܽĹȻǵõӪˣ˵
˵ʵ㻶ӭ߲ӭ޹ؽҪңɳǻкɳһ޵ߣںһˣΨһԭ򣬾Ҫȡӡ㣬ĿǰƿһЩ
ԭԻ뽻õͳɳǸ߼ĿġȻͲˣȻˣҲӲԼԺ˵ͨǾȭͷ⡣
Ц
㹥ҵ½ԣδ̫һЩھͿԸ㣬ֻҪڣǺɳǵκˣӡȥɣȵ
ʵϣԾԵʵЩġһǳˣͨԼӿúҪͶԺɳԹھֱӳֹ£úɳǵ޵߽Ϣȥöӽкܴˡ
֣Ī潫˽˵Ķˣŵ
Ԫÿһһƺھ֮ʱͳֵġǺ˽죬ԪҲû֪ԣͬ
Ϲŵ伮УҲûмϢ
ɵ֮ĴڣҲδ֪
仰˵ⶫκκ˽У˵κ½𣬶ʸӡ
˱ʣ΢΢ЩΡ
ǹŲ˵ȷʵҵ˽˲ƲƹȨܾһЩ˽
˵ֲ޵ߣûʸԣߵһҲǷ޵ߡҪӡطǣĵ
ǺǡЦһ
ŵ֣ͳ֣սҵġ
ٸһᣬھһңԺ󵫷Ǻɳǵ½Ҫ㶼κεĵѡôΪҿԼ̡۾з
Σ붼û;ܾˡ
ȻˣǾ͹ֲˣӽ쿪ʼƿءϢ΢΢һȫӿ
׽˲Ϣ֡
ɶ񣡡ƤӾҵĶ
С㵨ңҪĵˣ̫ˡҪ֪콫жʳѰСҿǱʤͷԡΪЩǿûжԺɳȫ濪ս㾰ˣֻǾûеǸزҸұ֤ǻ᲻ϧһдۻ㻹ĺɳǡȡ
Ǿԣƾ̾һ㡣ӦòҶ֣Ҵǡ뾰֣֮뾰гЩ᲻ϧһеĶԾԺͺɳ֡


2538 
Կô뾰гİڡ˾ҡеȵȳǿǻθ룿
Ժڲ½𣬻ܲܽӡ
ƺҪκһԣǱʹõĶڲȱԴЩǿԽһУǾ޷ھС
ⷬ˼ˡ
ڵ˵仰󣬾ûֹͣԵĹ֮Ľâŵϯ
ˣˣæֵԵĹ
ʵԶЩ۷һǿǿö࣬ԱȺ𣬾ҪһˡԱǲ֮ԴҲȫѹƵ
䣡
飡飡
νڽڰˡ
ԣ㵽Ҫʲôŭȡ
֪˵ķܾͲܾһӡˡʶԼƺǵһķӣһ鲻ƺķӡ
ʱĵ֣ѾѹƵú޷ֻ֮ǿ֧š
ҹ°ɣһͺȡ
岨ߵȻ岨Ȼ䷢
͵Ĳһ£µľʹϮȫܸо嫵ѹѹȴȥ⡣
˫ϥġͨһ˵ϡ
ѹʱֻеĳǰ֣֮һʱ͹ھԵǰңֻҪ̳һܾҪ
ˣҲء
㡭깥ﵽ˳̶ȡŭӵĿžԣشϢ˵
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գ֣ʱǳӡ
֣Գ
ɱ㣬ߵĻᶼûСǺɵƵĿռ䱦ܴߡ㣬ȻûĿռ䱦ҵĻʲô˼𣿡Ըŵ֡
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վЩãȻһЩ룬Ȼתٷжȥ
ڵ֮ǰЩҲӴܵòˡûнԼ²ࡣ
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ˣ⡭᲻鷳ǵȻɶ񣬵˵ĻҲ޵һЩǿǲԸ⿴Ǻɳǵﰡǣ᲻ṷǽһž˵
һ㣬ѾǹˡԵ
ƿأȷʵʣʱʱ졣Ǻɳǵļǿҡͷ˵š
˵ˣǵ̲
ɳмʮ۷徳ǿߣǾԾͲõķˡ
һ״ʦƹܡ״ʦӦûӦġԶһ¼˵
ʱ״ʦӹԾ˵ʵѡ״ʦԼͺɳһĽ飬״ʦĲںɳѧϰ
״ʦƿеҲ̫Уǲ˾ɳƴơ
һ
﷢飬Ҳ֮ԴùأϢУҲȻ󲨡ܶﰵ˶ԾԳǴ𡣵ƿܳʱ䣬ȻҲһЩѣһЩΪ˵Ĵ
羰ЩǿҲ˵˵֪Ժ״ʦƹܺ󣬾ʹ㳲Ըɳǵͷ
ͨ£ҲˣԾԳ˽һ
Ϊܾþһ½ȡӡԾɱŶ˼ҵȨְԵġ
ȻˣԵҪʵΪġû㹻ȭͷǰԵЦȡ衣
һʱû̻صɳǣʱʹԭڵֵڡ״ʦĵ
ԼĪһº״ʦˡ
Գ㡭ǸҳһⰡ״ʦԣһЦı飬ҡͷ˵
ƿƱػﲻˡЩֹϵõ޵ߣ϶˶п
ƿҲֻлûкôġһôûУֲɵ϶Ϊһ仰ɵĹ


2539 ŵ
Ҳһֺܸߵ٣һȨ
ˣ״ʦڽӵԵĴѶδԥþʹӦ˾Ե󡣶״ʦ˵ȻӹﱻĵҲһٶõĺ¡
ʦ߶͡ڣʸƹ˿ɲࡣ뵽ģ״ʦˡ΢Ц˵
ԳĻöҾͣαƴˡͽаɣֱԳӹ״ʦ΢΢һ˵
״ʦǴˡ
ԾΪҪóƹȫ׺ΪȽԳɳ㹻ǿȨ֮һ¿
ȴҡͷʦΪˣ˵ʵ㡣
ҪκһǿЩɻȱǣұ˶ҲһҪСǵǰͱˡ̫ҲôƹʦУֻҪ⣬ҲҪ֣صĵ
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ʦҺɳǵһʱڡңһҪȥת˵
һѹһʱ䣬£ҲҪˡҲûҪһ뿪Ļᣬȥһ¡
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лʦԶ׹˹֡
ףҲֻĿ;ʧ֮С
뿪󣬾Լò̫󣬼޵Ҳ٣Բ֦ڣѡסݡԶһͳУۡ
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϶衵ˣԭһŵĵţ޶ڻһɣֻ϶ʮ˻
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СΪȽƶ񤣬ƬڣھʯҵҵһЩҲС͵ĿΪһ㣬ôĵ򣬾Բܱһ޶ڿС޶ڣû볬ǿԿ
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ȷʵƶܶ࣬ȫ޷ȰԷУҲ۲
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һ޶ڣԻû̽޶ڵΪ޶ڱʲô˲Ĵڡǣȷ޶ھǲһаͨ϶֮ڣ֪޶һаԿɲΪ϶ǵһ֮ʣԼڵ顣
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ͨһ̽󣬾ܹȷ޶ȷʵʲôöǾԴ̽Ϣ֪޶ڣСһЩ޶ڣֱһǿǿ֯
޶£ҲʳصΪǵԾͱȽϸУ޶ڿŵĲƸһڣ֣һҹ֮佫Ϊƽء۵ĲƸҲȻ޶Ӷˡ


2540 ޶
޶ڵɲСԴһϡ
֪ж޵ߣﰵ޶ڳԱС޶һЩԱݶڲ̽ĹУѯʹһЩ޵ߣЩ޵һ޶ڵֱɫ䣬Ŀη循֡ˣͲ뾰Զ˵
ѣֻöһЩֶΣʳ޶ڷµĶ¡
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ǣ޶ܲϳ
˲ǰһЩϢҡգһڵ̽޶ڵϢһ޶ڵĸ߲Ա
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޶ƿһһ޵߾ۼû޶ڵĶĿ˵һ紵ݶӹ޶ڵ۾
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Էʲôˣ޶ڵòȥǳ׺ݡ
δȷԷʵݣһֱ֣ٲ˲ԭסӦߡ߲Ա˵
ץʣȷһ¶Էݡûǿ󱳾ɱ˾ǡ˰ֵ
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ת߳ȷǸغ˵ݣȻץϢ
޶޶һֱҲûԭġƴȷʵǷǳթһˡ֪ʲôʲô˲ǡ
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޶ڵĸ߲㣬ָ׽þԵʱ򣬾Ѿǵ˰ǡ
ǵ˿ڲǺܶࡣ
Ҳ޶ƵĳУ˿ڲ̫ࡣѰ޵ߣ˭ǣ
ڰвҵģٶ޶һЩϵ͵£м޶ڵĹϵЩˣȫ޶ڡ
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ڿеľԣĿ·ĳСУ뷱ԲմߡտյĽֵм޵ߵӰ
ڹ۲һʱ󣬾Գˡ
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󷨹âӿж
޶ڣӰѸٵĶĿо˸
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ŵһɸ߲ԱҲܿľۼߡЩˣһʱҲŪʲô
Ǻ֪ܿ˷¡
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쵰ҵҰ£ѵǻζˣһ壬Ϊһȳ˳ȥ
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Կ˳˹·ûڵ޵ߣֻϵĺɫӰٶȵĻơ޴ӡһκڳд档
󷨣Ҷкܶھ޴¹ĻѡڵĽ֮ţǽµĵ棬·ڶ
޵ǣȻδܵԹ̺ȷţϿǺ˵ʵ϶ǳǿ󣬿۷徳Ĵڡ
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ǣѵ֪޶ڵܲ˾٣
۷徳磬Ҳ·һ
ҿǺǹ⹥ǵġ޶ʲôԹġ
޵ǣۡ
ǣ͵ĳУ˵ǺġǣбϾ޶ڵǣڵ޵һЩġ޶ڣôҲһ֮еģȻֻһеĵβ
޶ڵʵҲΪǿʢ֮޵ߣжʮλ۷֮ģҲλ۷徳ǿߡ
ڶǿߣ˾ԵĶ档
Сôĵӣ޶ڵǣǲˣӶžԣȡ
ûֱӶԾԳ֡
ʱ뷨ҪŪԵݡǳǿĳԱô̸ı̬Цӭȫھǰһ̻İǡΪ԰ǡ޶гŹó㹻ĳԷǸȡ½⡣
˭µ۾Ź
Сλ޶ڵߵһųϣȵ


2541 
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֮ڣǾǰһĴڡƬУ˭湢˼
޶ڹԿŶԷ
仰ɫ΢΢һ
仰ͿɿΪ޵ߣǳŹ޶ģ
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ŪԵݣһȺǲ׶ԾԶֵġ޶ۣȴңڵ죬ǲûԭġ
ʲôˣһЩ˶֪ˡĿ
㣡ٶǰǲǻ޶Уȵ
޶ڴݻٵܶ࣬Ǻܾúܾǰ޶Ⱥ߲Աһʱ벻ǰ飬˾Բģ
˵Ҳһǳرǵˣĵ
˻һۡ
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СӣѰˡʲôϵЦһʵ
޶ڽŵʱ򣬶ҲϸġһܹȷŲ޴󱳾Ҳûκγǿкϵţʶ۷徳޵߶û
Ϊȷ˽Ų޶ڴԵĺ˲¾
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ڣ˭֪ɳǣ˭֪Գ
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УȭӰ塣һ̣Ϊ촷ۡȻ۷徳磬ʵȲɱǡʵھǰûеֵ֮ġ
ֻһȭͷ㽫޶ڵ˷ĩ
ڹȺˣ֪ԵݺﻹаֶԾԳֵĵӣۿһȭɱͷܡǣħӡɱķ֮УٶȸͿ첻ǷĴ߶תҪ밲ǡ
ȻܵĻ᣿Ⱥˣ޶ڵĸ߲֪˶ٶ£ֱɱǣһʴˡ
֮ϵľԣɿŵȭͷһĻȥ
飡ӡȥһ߾⣬Щ޵ߵ壬Ҳ˲Ϣɢ
һֻ֮һ˻šˣ޶ڵڶ۷徳޵ߣѪصĴϢšӴܣһϯ壬Ҳɢ֮ˡ
ˣ޶ڵĸ߲ͱ˾ųɡ
ڵ޵ߣһ͡
ǣȫˣһʱ䶼ûӦʲô顣


2542 Ϧ
޶ڵǿӹɵģ
ڣû˸޶ڵϡʱڰڵ޵ߣǿܴδ޶ڻͻȻ串
ԸտʼػʱЩ޵ʲô뷨ĺܼ򵥣Իᱻ޶ڵǿɱǣܹ󵽾Աɱľ
ת˲䣬ͷһٰʮȴת䡣Ǹǵ޵ûбɱ޶ڵһȺ߲Աͱɱһɶ
Ϊһͨ޵ߣȷʵǺһӾͷӦ
ֱԼ󷨵ʱ򣬳ڵ޵ǣŶɢ
λˣ˭
Һλ˵˺ɳǣѵȵĺɳ𣿡

ɳʮңԶѰ޵ߣ󲿷Ҳ˵ɳǵ֡
ǵĳػ󣬲δܾ̫ܳʱĹԼֻ֮һյʱ䣬еĴͱݻٵòˡ
󣬾һ͵޶ڵϿգݻ޶ܼĽ
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֮ûã޶ھͻΪһƬ档
ڷУ̽鵽޶ڵı⣬գȻȥ
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ɱ˿ħڵ޵ߣ޶һЩϵⲻ˵Ƕģǻ޶ڡ
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޶ں󣬾Է
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Ǻǣô˵Ϣ޶ڣǱɳǾԳһ˴ݻٵġԳһ˵˭֪˵ˣЩϢͨĳǿҲǶ޶ڱݻٺŵõϢ

ڣУ޵̸޶ڱݻ¡
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ǰڡмǿǱɳԼеĳԣǱǱ뱻Ĳء
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ţԿĪüëһ¡
Īԭǿ֯İھԽɳǵʱĪԼĳԱǱԵһձԱʯ˶һ
Īͻˣ۾ϲ˵
ûй˵Īϥأͷ˵΢΢ȻǷǳļ
ûĪͻˣǿ֮
֮ܿͬΪõ˾ԴǧҶ
ĪĺɳˣǸչ˵ġǧҶȻ󣬵ԻǶĪ˶ǧҶĪʹǧҶڰ֮ǰɹĴڤվ֮
ˣǺɳǣһλµ𰡣׺Ҳϲõúܡ
ãܺãܺðЦŵ
Ī㾳ȹֱȥӡԿĪ˵
ˣĪӳҲӡǰ֣ɾͶǺɳǵˡܹܰ׺


2543 
ԪĳֲƵһ㶼ʱŻ½
Ϊˣʯϣÿµֳ֣޵߹ע
Ͼ𵱳ӡˣǰһͬˡĪҲȻͬĻ޵עĪ
Ԫľκһڣ֮޵ߣضǶĴڡ˵̤֮Ǵﵽһе۷塣ǿ죬𾳽޵Ҳһվڽ˵ġ
𾳽޵ߣӴ޵߻УǷǳǳϡٵġ
ɱ˲𾳽޵ߣһ㡣ʵϣǺٵġԪУ𾳽޵Ƿǳۻġ
ʯϣͬһǾԻһ˽ֵ顣
ɳȳǿǷȱʲôǵ̣ɳǣϾһ˵ĳС
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ʯϳֺܶɳǵ½ôɳǶЩӵзǳ츳ţѵû
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˵Щķ̫࣬ǶԾ˵εġ
ֻҪˣǿ޷øԴ
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κһҪǿʢҪһǾҪ޵ߡ
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öǿĸ߼սʿˣһת
ͨսʿʱѾˡ֮ǰԽʮͨսʿ˳
ʮͨսʿһ֧սʿӡ
һͨսʿܣͨ۷޵ɱˡʮһĻϾǶĺϻ󷨣Ƿǳֲġڣû۷޵ܹʮսʿĺϻ
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Ҷ߼սʿ󣬱԰ɣ߼սʿ죬ʮͨսʿϻӦǷǳ׳ۡЦ
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ʮ˸ĸ߼սʿɳҲܸ
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ˣҵľѾȹ̡룬ҸȥˡĪԾ˵
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ºĪ״ʦĹɫĹԭڵСڣǱ״ʦռˡԴסǵҲûٻľʧˡԿ˵ˣþԿ֣ͻὫɱ
ֹĪɫ⣬ͱ״ʦĽס
½״ʦĪԽ
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2544 Ǻɳ
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ǧҶйءţҵһᣬҾԳ򼸿ǧҶҩа
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ǰٶȷչȥǺɳǽж
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Ͼ޵ߣǴĽʼɵ飬̸һܾá
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Īȥ׵л㷵ĺɳǣûʯ㳡ͣ޵ߵִʱĪѾ뿪ˡ
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һ£˵ﱻɳǾԳձˣĪҲ˺ɳǡٺû̫˵ˡҲ֪½ǲ֪ǸĪ
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ˣʱλϵϾ𣬲ҲǺɳǵ𣿺ɵ¥¥޵ָ
޷󣡾ԳʲôֶΣô۷޵߿֮

㳡ʯۼԽԽ޵ߡЩˣܾö뿪
½ϢȻܿ򴫿Щǿ䣬ȫע¡һЩ䣬ֱӾ͸״ʦѶѯ½ϢһҲѯ½Ϣ½ûмʲôĻСĻǻ£ǽŵġ
Щѯ½ǣ״ʦҲûκεֻҪʣ״ʦͻǣ½Ǻɳǵˡ
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᳤ܻԽ֪º󣬲㽫סĳ촷ۡ
ģôǺɳǣǸľԣôһ޵߿֮ģԽ᳤ŭš
᳤ܻǧҶйءһ۷徳޵ߣʹһЩǧҶǱɲһǰġԭûϣ𾳽ˣǧҶҲϣ֮ˡһ˫ü˵


2545 ׼
Ȼһ
ǧҶֱеͷһ̡
ʱɳǹϵǿԴӺɳǹһЩǧҶҩġɺǧҶɳǹϵ˵жԣȻͲٴӺɳǻǧҶҩˡ
ǧҶЧ֮ǿһ̾Ϣһ
ҲǧҶɳǵĺе켶Ҿ˵Чˡ㳤ǰҲ˵ЧȻˣҪĶ϶ǧҶһλҡҡͷ˵
ǺɳǸ߼ǽżҵġֻǣѾˣԳɱ
᳤ܻǻֻܼͣȴʱĳ֣ٸɳһг
еĸ߲á
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һ仰ɳǲöԸ
Ȼˣ˻٣ûвȡжǱŲ˼ڵȴʱЩǿеģǾͺԵҰޣȴõĻһɱֻǣ׺ɳﻹͺ˵ˡ

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ΰĶڡ
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ˣ
߼սʿĶ죬ȷʵǱͨսʿӵ̫̫ˡһ߼սʿǺķҽʮʱ䣡Կǰĸ߼սʿ
ʱսʿǴڼ״̬ȻһַǳصѹȸС
׺ҴһԸ߼սʿתĿվڲԶĴܹܰ׺
ˣ߼սʿսӹɡ۷еһ߼սʿҲͿڸ߼սʿС׺ܵı˵
ʱô꣬׺ٴμĸ߼սʿ
߼սʿǿĳɱʵ̫ˣԿЦЦ
׺ҵ˼ǡǺβһĿ꣬ø߼սʿȥһʵأ΢Ц
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ڵСܶ࣬Ժɵ¥ȻûвҲԺɵ¥һЩӰ졣˵ڽ͵ҩۼۣ£ɵ¥ĵҩƷʸһЩɻкܶ޵߻ѡΪ˵İڵҩ
ңڵϾǷǳģںɵ¥֮ڣȻҩϣɵ¥ҲȡҲ򵥣ɵ¥ĿǰֻںɳУڵİ¥ȴǱ鲼
ڵɵʦܶ࣬ǵĵҩƷҲǷǳõġڵ޵ߣȻǳڵĵҩ
ڵĻǣ
ˣ»Ȼѣǰڻ᲻񣿡׺ü
Ҳ⣬ҪһڣһֵɡֻҪɣͲ󡣡Ǽ˵򣬱ͲЩǵĵˣ綼Ҫȫ˳򡣡
ˣ˷ģȥš׺˵
һжһпսҽ̫ˡ
׺ת˳֮һ¥ڡ
ˣңһɫ۵òӣȻڰ׺ǰ
ˣֽгһͨ𡣳ɳʱ䲻𾳽磬ںɳѾ˲͵ĵλҪǣԺɳǰٷְҳϵģǽ˾޵ߡңҲԸþԳǶҲˣںɳǿԻúԴʵ
һ뽻㣬ǿԵģ㲻񣬿ֱӾܾҲΪܾͶи濴ܹܰ׺˵
Ըǡ˹ûκγɵ˵


2546 
׺ԳһƽϣԼ˴Ҫʲôˡ
˷ģԺ˿ûбֳΪѵӡ
һΣԵģǿԲܵġܹܰ׺
ΪЧҳҡ˹֣ת뿪ʱһϢ
ȷʵһЩΣյġ뿪ɳǣĿǻǡ
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ûб¶ԼĺɳǳԱݡ
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Ҫĺܼ򵥡
ǺҪھʯ޵ߵע⣬޵̸򵥵˵Լлԡȶȴﵽһ̶ȺҪ¶ԼһЩԴʯ
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һͨ𾳽޵ߣͻȻֲٵԴʯȻַĻھʯܡôͺ˲뷨ˡ˵޵ǲͻȻҵʲôأǷԴʯĿ
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ˣҵʲôأķһԪʯܹܼ˵ϣӦûвԴʯһԴʯ
֮ǰȻܾ˵Ҫչڱչһǻ㣿ܹ
տ΢΢ü£еŹ֡ΪλǶȥУ
ʱ䲻ڳ֮ǰڻǴܳһʱ䣬ԻϤͻȻôԴʯҪܵģǾͺܹ˫ĿŹ˵
ţŰɡʲô쳣Ķտ
ǣܹӦ
ʱ䣬ٴι˰ꡣĵ뿪˻ǡ
ڳǺ󲻾ãӰ뿪˻ǡųˣǳտܹܡ
տʵҲ޷ȷиԴʯȷǷķ˴Դʯıػ߿ǣտһһⲻʲô
ˣ쵰Ǿúܡֻǿϧʵô˦õأܹܶտһƨ
ˣԽˡտ˵һȻ٣ܿ㵽˿ٷеĳǰ
ͻȻסɫ䣬ĿⶢŻǵܹܡ
ܹܣ㡭ʲôʵ
ǻǹͣΪͻȻ뿪أкһܹЦһʵ


2547 Ч
տס˳ǾͲżˣ
ܹܣ֮ƺϤ̸ѡ뿪ǣĪǻҪ𣿡
⻰ɲԡҺ㵽ǳͣǵ飬к뿪ǡҲδ̫˰ɣܹЦЦ
ĿתһϣͳλӦþǻǵĳ˰ɣ
ûտտҲûԼݡ
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֪˵ʲô˼ҳǲãסҵȥ·ӦòΪ˸аɣ̺ŷŭ
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տѯʣɫ䣬ĿƺһЩҵ
ıĿ仯տȴ˼һ˿ٶһۣ΢ɲĵ˵ͷڶ˿ķӦ仯ԤʾϣкܴĿȷʵԴʯܣʲôļ˴Դʯ
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˲˵һ仰Ӧ˵ƥﻳ㲻ͨûʸӵдԴʯġڻǣ㱩¶ԼԴʯܡԿ϶в˶㡣ֻһ취տɭԳ˵
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ʱĳϢңǿѪҺӿ棬дѪտĹֱӽɱˣ
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ǡͲ֪ԼϵŭȻɢȥˣȡ֮ǹЦݡ
ΪԺнյһǺɳǳܹܵ
׺߳Ѿ˸õġˣҲܰĵӦտˡҲˡȷʵǳΣգûܳտһιֱӾͱɱˡȻɱҲ񣬵ȻǲġΪܻܹܰ׺ŻѡܡܾȨ
ʵҲܼ򵥣Դʯտ˵֡򵥣ʵܶʱ򣬾ּ򵥵ķΪЧһʼ׺ܹܺͳ֪ĳɹǺܸߵġ
ͷҴԲѣտһ˽ҪٶȶԳ֡
Ȼֵܵסڶγֹ
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ʱһ֡ؼ䣬һɺܲ١ܣڳļȫڡտӦܲɫ䡣ΪܿʶһʵǿöĴڣͻȻˡңλǿĴ˵ĻһǿҵĲøо
׺Ӱֶ
㡭ǡտ׺˵Щˡ
Ӿʹ֮Դ󣬰׺¶ĴҲ֮ˡԣտ˵Ȼʶ׺֪׺Ǻɳǳܹܵݡ


2548 ַϭ
տ֪׺ݣ֪ͬ׺ʵ
׺鿴һ³ơأް
׺ܹܣʲô˼ĪҪҰڵ飿տ
Լǰ׺ֻ֣ܰڸ׺ʩѹ
ڵ飿
ߣҺɳҪԱǻǳʲôտİɣ㹥ҺɳԱµøһĽͣ׺տ˵
ˣտ»ܹܣǼԴʯԳ뿪Ǿͽɱң˵
ԭտ㵨ӹҺɳǵˣ㶼Ҽɱ׺ȳҪտ˳֡
ಣտ͵Ĵ߶Ӱܳ
ˣ
֮ǰȻûµܹܡǳܹܣտɳӴܺԴһ£Ϊû뵽
ӵ죡׺ü
򻢺ǵܹܡܹܷӦҲɳߡ׺Ѿһƶ˹ȥûκ⣬һҽдԶܹܱɱ
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Щ⡣
տˣ԰׺ʵǻǳտôлߣӴܣܹܰ׺ӦҲɵ׷ȥǣ׺ܹȴδȥ׷ֻ˳ֽǵܹܸɱˡ
ɵúܺáڣǿԻغɳǸˡ׺ԳЦЦ˵
ǲɻΪûֱɱտ׺һ䡣
ˣ֪ͳ׼ԻǶ֡ɡֱɱտǸ»𣿡
𣬴ʱ֪ļƻΪԼĿ꣬տǵĳȻð׺ܹɱտ
տ϶ҪģڡǺɳҪ»ǣǽƹܻô򵥡ʱտСһЩô׺ЦЦ
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󣬰׺óɵ󣬴ų𷵻˺ɳǡ
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ˣƻǳ˳ǻǳտû뵽ǺɳǵԱ׺Ծ˵
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ַĿ꣬ǰڿƵĻǡַϭУȷĽ˺ɳҪַǵԭ򡣲Ҷʱ䣬󣬺ɳǽʽԻǳ
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ַϭĹ޵ǱǶԴչ˼ҵۡЩˣʵܿûô򵥣ܿǺɳǷƵġǣҲȷʵǰ˲ʵ顣ǵĳûȥɱҲͲɳһڡ
˵ɳǶԻǳģ޵Ŀ˸
еʵԱȿȻǲʮǧǰڵĳУڻԼʧȥԻǵĿ𣿰ڣ϶Ԯǡ⻹һ⣬ܲɲʮܵģںɳǹ¼ֲ˳һµʱ䣬ھͺѶԻǽЧԮ
һУҪֶܹá
ǰҪĳУӦǷǳǿġֽܼϳʱɣ޵˵
ֶܼãÿɳǳԳԳ֣Ǳ˵һ£ǿһ춼סǱˣĹػ󷨻𣿿ɽأһ𾳽ðЦһ˵
Եʵ֮ǿѾ뵽޵ߡðߵˡ
ҲǣɳǵľԳֱĴڡԳȥַǣǻǱضסԳԳֵĿӦòɣ
ԳԳ֣ǻǻлᡣɳǽʱ̣۷ǿٰɣ»ǣô׵ġð߷˵
Ǻɳڸ˵ĸо
ɳǳǿȥܾͲôǿˡ


2549 һͷˮ
ԵĹ⻷ʵ̫ǿ
޵߶ԺɳǵĸоǣɳȷʵǿǿҪǼڳԵϡɳûоԳһ͵ķ⣬˭Կһڡ
ҲΪˣ󲿷޵߶ڴ˴κɳַǵĳɰܿҪǿԳ᲻Գ֡
Գ֣˹ǣܾͲʤֻҪܳסһµʱ䣬ڵ֧ԮͻԴԴϵĸϵһʱ䶼ҪϾڽõ߸̫ˣǿԾͽԮϵǵġ
ɳǵַϭģҲǾ˰
죬ƺɳǳϹϵ飬ɹעȷǳĴ¼
ܲҲܿõصϢ
һλƷɵʦϣѶǳտѯտʵȻǾƲԼΣ˵ǱɳƣǸľԵȦס
ʵڰ׺ʱտ˹мˡ򣬰׺ֵʱδҲ̫ɺһЩ׺ǺɳǴܹܣƽʱǺٻ뿪ɳǵġдѶ׺пܣˣ׺Ҳô͸ϵǡ
ԣʱտʶԼмˣһжȦס
ϴˣǵסɳǰտߡ
ܲѾаˣҪģǾȡʱ䡣ǣʧǳϸտ
߲ܲУ˶տеʧô˵տ˺ɳǽڡڣ׷տεʱһжҪȻס֮˵Ǳɳ£Ƕ԰Ӱ콫ܴ󣬰ԺܾͲˡڣԲ׾ͷ⡣
ϴˣһȫԸտʱʾ
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ڿĳ㳡ϣ߼սʿǰʮͨսʿں󡣳صѹЩսʿվﲻۿȥͨ޵û̫𣬵ҲǸһĺظС
㳡ϣЩսʿԣҲͬʱһ֧ϰ˵ӡӵǰһ
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һӳԱҲǺɳѡľӢĪҲС⣬ԱҲ۷徳磬ƵĺɫУսǳǿ
һԴӳˣԿһ
һַԴӿʼûҪԼԳ֡
Ҳʱ˿һºɳǵĲˡһַǣһ֤ж֤ɳǵʵЩһ㡣
˷ģ¶ַ񣡡һ˹
һҲЩġ
֮ǰԳ͵ٵǰ˵¡ԳⶣһҪȱԼսʿǰ档һ߼սʿߣڣɱһ޵߾Ͳ̫ࡣԳ˼ǣ߼սʿһҲһҪסԼ
ţȥɣԻ˻ֵǣҪȻ»ǣΪ칦
Եصڳڡ
ĪˣӦ
ַӣӳ뿪ɳǣ򻢺Ǳƽ
ΪɳǾ뻢ǲ̫ԶԵҲûʹۡ·;̫Ļʹۻ޵Լп
쿴ɳǵַӳˣ
ԳڲУ
ûпԳԳ֣֮ǰ²һ
ԳֵĻɳò»ǰɣڿ϶֧Ԯǣ
ɳ⣬޵߾ۼһ˷ɳɳԶȥϸŴӺɳǳÿһӰȻûз־Գټ֮ӺɳڴϢҲ֤һ㣬Գǳڣûַһ뿪
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ҪԳԳְɣֻǣΪɳǼλ۷ǿߣûأ޵߷
ɳǵ۷壬ĿǰôλַУȴһûСò˵ЩŹ֡
ĪǣַӲֻһ֧ո뿪ģֻȷڳڣתת
ЩһֱעɳǶ̬ĴʱҲǿˣЩ߲ԱۼڸܲȵطҲһͷˮ


2550 ϵڶε
Ӻɳǳַӿûʲô̫𡣺ɳڣԳ֮⣬мʵǿ۷徳޵ߣ⼸۷徳޵߲û¶档
ôɳǵʲô⣿ԳǺִ㣿
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߳ϣ𣿡̻ĸ񽭸ԴѶЦŻӦ
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񽭵һЩеġ
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Գڳǵȷǲǻûʡ
ųǵģԻӦ
⡭ɶƺʵ̫ǿ޵߰ɳǿļ𣬶ڳڰɣһЩѯʡ
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Զڽ̻ܲĸ񽭣סˣԼǲˡӾԳУûκεĳءλɳǵĳƺû·ϡԻ֣ɳɳһٶ޵߾ȡʤ
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߳ϣ͵ŴӻǴϢɣû飬ɣ˵ţж񽭵ĴѶϵ
񽭣ô᳤̻ܻڸ񽭽Ѷ̳ʵ
ҲǺסԳƺԴӺɳǳַӺĵӡԳδ̫д˰ɣǣĻô׾ҡҡͷɫ
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ڣĴɳר˽Ŀⶢ򻢺ǡЩܲңԶ඼ԼƿصĳУ˵ǲ鿴ǲһ顣һЩڻвҵģǹעǵ͸Ϊˡ
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տԣĿⶸȻһ˶Էһۡ
ΪǾǴԣᵥɳһͨĶ鹥𣿺ߣûв´Ļڳ⿴ȺˣǾС׳նˡǾԣǵϵһ뿪ȥɱȺ޵ߣȷܿͻʵǿĺɳ޵ͻȻɱʱ򣬻ǿɾˡտͳȵ
ѾϹһεˣ
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ǿĺɳǾӣȥȷʵһ㣬ǿҲĸͨѡǣڰ϶۷徳ĺɳԱڻ񣬾͵ǻǵϵŻǵ˳ǡǰܹܽӳ̻Ŀ
ڳտⷬҲ˵ˡȷʵҲΪտ˵еǰǾֲǴôֻɳһȺ
ԣҪģػǡӸԮֻҪסһ£һڻܽǿУǾܻʤտ
ǣڳӦ
ڣʱҲֻ΢ЩңȽ򡣺ɳǵַӣδԻչڵ⻹ľӪ˵㹥ʼӵеĲҵӰҲ̫


2551 쿪
㻢ǱɳУǵӰҲ̫󡣶ƿصĲҵɳǲֱӶߡ
˵ܲס
ĿǰӦסɳǷ棬ûʲôǿ˵ԳԳˣɳǼ۷ҲӰĺɳԱҲٵ֮ɡսģֻһٶӡ»ǲʵ
ԼǣҲΪ
ֻһ벻ͨɳǰַϭĴ£ǵĿĵʲôò»ǣնĲԼ𣿡
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ڣԱտˣҲ׷¶档տͷųͨв󷨡ʱ򣬳дȫ״̬Էӳǿ
տԶԽԽӰ
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Ϊ׵ĸ߼սʿ̻ӶֱۣʮͨսʿŸ߼սʿƵĶһ̣Ϳ󷨹ĻʮһսʿڡҫĿĹâĿѣ޷Ļ֮еľ
ŹâǹȥտǸЦ
һ֮һҵ޵ˡǺǣȺˣܾסģˣһǣ쿪տЦ˵
ˣҲŷЦ
Ƭ֮󣬹â𽥵ɢȥʮһӰȻ·ûܵӰ졣
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ܣǱȽǿһ󷨳֮£ҲܰȻô£տޱȵı飬з
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ˣҲˡ
˭ˣЩʲôˣΪλǵĴɱȥƺûܵʲôӰ죿ԣҼǵúڵλãƺû仯ôǿȻûнѵǸ۷𣿡гڵ޵Ҳ
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䣡
տ˻޵߻ûӦʱսʿ˹ʮһսʿ뻮һͬʱӶ򻢺ǣ


2552 һɱ
ʮһսʿųʮһĿ⣬֮ƣѹ·Ļǡ
սʿĹУ̺Եƻʮ㡣
Ҳսʿտ˱ʶ²ǴˣǼֱشΪյִﻢǵȺɳ޵ʵǿڣԷĹȴǴĵײһ޷Ƶĺ⡣
ʮһսʿĺϻ֮жǿ
ǴԱǾȫ֣϶Ըʮһսʿĺϻ
Ҳ˵¼䣬ûκ𾳽޵Ӳʮһսʿĺϻ
ǵĴȻԸ߼սʿΪ׵ʮһսʿϻ֮ǿֲס
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ʮһսʿڵһιǵڶιˡ
ǵ󷨣սʿĺϻҡҡ׹ˡսʿϻУǵĲ󳹵ױơ
սʿɵĴϿճ뵽ڡ
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ڻδƵʱһͶ˳տԣսʿ뻢Ǻ󣬸߼սʿȶԳտ˹

쵲סǣסǣǲʧտţЪ˹ָӻǵӣͼֵսʿĪɵľӡ
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ˣΪκɳǵľԳôݵȻ·һ㶼ϵӡԳȷʵʮİȹ£˵ǻǣǳжƳҲ֧Ųסá
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Ѿʶɳǵǿ󣬲ԾԳԳڣɳͬǷǳǿ
Щ޵ߣԺɳǵľηԽ뵽ˡ

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ǣѾ˳£㻢ǵʲĿв٣Ҫʱ˳ڻǳڵһѶԳ㱨˻ǵ
ţһˣԻӦ
ˣడǲѴ֮һЦ


2553 ͼ֮
»ǣսľսʿЩ޵ߣǸսʿʰоְˡ
һѶ󣬱֪ܹͨܰ׺˵ǶԳнճˡĺɳǣҲ˲żüˣֳһСȥûκε⡣
ڻǱºңԶİܲλϻڵǲ
ҫǳԮ¾Ϳɵִﻢǡһλ϶˵
ҫǾԽϽһСУڰգƿҫǵڹϵ׽԰óһЩͺ鶯ҫǵǿ߶ԻǳԮ
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ǣܶ࣬ҲȽϸӣֻͼ֮


2554 ǰ
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ȷŭ֮УֲòһʵڣһǰڶŸɵǰڽа壬ǰƵĳС
飬ڰڽʷϣƺֹΡڵǿƣӹɵģĳǿҲӵڶŸɵ˵Щǿ°ڣڽǵòʧģڵҩ棬Ҫ̰ڡ
Լڵҩϵƣ򣬽ӴĹϵֿȴʵʵڵϵðĳǿǿӰ
ڣǸ߸̳ϵĵλȴЩôιˡ
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ڶԺɳǶԾԵĺ⣬ﵽһֲݵĳ̶ȡڵĸ߲ǣδʧȥǡǺԽǷŭʱԽҪ侲ܹһɳ׳󵽽죬ǿͷһվͺֱײġڵҲԼӴĵʱҪ̡
Щڶס
˵ʲôǰǵԮһϲĿ
ںɳǹַϭĺ󣬰ܲͨ򻢺ԮЩԮٶȳԮǡֻǿϧǵûֵܼκԮִ
ǱƵϢ󣬸·ԮȻҲʱֹͣ򻢺ǱƽȴŸ߲һָ
ľǣԮǵԮ
Ҫ𣿡һλü
ʱ򣬽·أ͵ػǵĿȨˡ
λȫ
ʱڻһ֧սʿܾӡܹȷģѾһ߼սʿʮͨսʿЩսʿܣλҪѹͳ˵
ǾɳǲѣǾԵٶȣò˶ܴӺɳǸϵǡҲ˵Ǽ˴𾳽ǿѹЩսʿҲ㹻ʱ֧ԮȻҲǲϣòϣػǵĿȨ̫̫ˡ
ֻڵǼǲˡ
ѵǾѵǾͲҪ𣿡ߡ
İ
ڣδôûй
ûа취飬ǲòʵȴɣڣֻܵȴšλһգǻʧȥĶü
Ҳû취

ɳǶ»ǣⳡսˡ
ûͼػǵĿȨڣûɳ̽ʵ
˿ڶԻǵķܸɴࡣ
˵˺ɳǣ˾ԳһЩĴ̶ѪӿĴţ洦ڶԴʼûӦͺĬ˰ԺɳǷˡ
ʱƣƽˡ
ڵ⣬ܶԤϵ򡣶ŰڵĳߣҩӭһڡȻģǺɵ¥
»ǵƣɵ¥ڻǽһɵ¥ֲûãڶģȽϴĳж˷ֲ
ɵ¥ʼ˿ٵڡ
Я֮ǿ»ǵƣɵ¥ŷǳ˳ڸƿصĳУûκε谭ЩССȻҲŭ˺ɳǾԳԼĳڻһ³
»£ԼɳǴĺôʵǶڵʵϵ档ôĴͷɳӰļǿǾԸӰеӰǿ
ӿƻǺ󣬾Ե£ӿĸǳ˼αЩˣеżǿĵ츳ел츳еڵϵеĶ÷ǳСЩţǾõҲҪõġ
Щż룬ԲûЩˣǾ㾰ԿҲû̫塣
Щŵļ룬úɳǵ˲Ŵúʵ
ЩˣֻҪҳûģԶǴࡣɵ¥ͺԼ˰ϵ룬ԴרųһЩ˵
ɳǵķչǰķ
Ҳƺӭһƽʱڡɳǵķٺͷչ֮ڣûܵеӰ졣ЩɳгԹĳǿƺǽ˺ɳǵĴڡ


2555 
㣬بš
ɳǽǧȥˡ
ĺɳǣǿˡǿУ֮һ
ʱֶͨμǱĬӰ죬˵ɳѾƿڣгеһ㶼ɳǽõЩĳУҲͬҪܵɳǵļܣҪɳ˰
ɳǹϵжԵͨͨ˾ҡлаڵȵȣĴǣնϡҲûܸı
¥ܲ
жɳǵ֣Ѿһࡣһ¥Ԫ˵
¥Ԫǣʱ
ǳǿеǣаϵǳУǿĳ֮һ
˭뵽һУֻķչܴﵽʱյĳɾ͡Ե˾̾ϯԪ̾һ
˽ʱգɳȻûеа
ɳĳУڳб˵ϻ߲а޹ؽҪˡ෴ģаΪûкɳǣʧɫ١
У˭֪ɳǣ˭ϺɳǿĳУ
ĳУȴûеаôаĹƺôһЩˮˡ
¥ҲԾĽͼӣϣ¼ɳǣֱӾ;ܾˡ㿴ɳǣܹ˭
ʱ䣬ӦǺɳԻ͵һʱ˰ɣһԪָĵ
ƺ˵ɳǵĻԻͲٴڶʱˡ
ԪĻȻҲûκεķҺȻһͬĵͷ
˵еĽԽ᳤ѾԵִݺ칬棬вپͷҲǰ·ˡԪ۾
ϯô¥Ƿ룿һԪתĿ׵ϯԪϡ
ϯԪҡҡͷ룬Ѿʾˡ˵˼ǣ¥С
ϯԪ˵Ĵˣ˵Ȼ¥¥λ¥ɵ۴ˡ
¥ǾҲһЩԹˡΪβλһأԪɻʵ
û˵Ӵ˵ĻУһЩ˼ɳǣѾԻԪռĹעƺлԪռΰڣϣɳֱʧ¥Ĵˣǲ뱻鷳Բž룬ֻ͡ϯԪĿ
ϯԪϵĻڳλԪϣ˵
ԪռĴڣָһ㶼ɵۼĴڡ
ɵ֮µ޵ȻҲܽԪռ䣬޷ôڻԪռģȻûʸ񱻳ΪԪռĴڡ

ɳǣ
һ䱻ȼ󷨸ǵڣϥľԣ۾
̣
~~
һϮɫ۵ľܣԿ޷ɫ׵磬˷·һ澵һھԵͷϷ
γɫ׵磬Щɫ׵ĳض·εͷ
һĻȥΪĹŹ֡
Ȼܹܵھͷ֯һɫ׵жôµܡ
ڡˡ
֮Դʱ䣬õʱĻҪࡣ΢΢ҡͷ
ûʱƻ۵ͷ׹⣬֮ԴеȺʳɱ
УԾԵŪԴʯġ֮ԴԵ꣬ûΪȱԴʯжϹгԴʯԶԶ
֮ԴУҲֻʣ¼һδˡɵǿɱСɵ۵Ĺɵ˱ᣬҪԭ򣬾Ǽ
ռҪѵöࡣԣûԼɵ۾֮ǰռ
ԣʱѾ۷徳ˡڲϵһνӽԽǽӽǸΣоԽǳءΪҲ޷ǰĵ;һƬҰÿǰһҪεݡΪһߴǾǲܻὫٲԨ
ڽӽɵ۲εĹУҲþΪʲôɵ۵ôϡ١Ҫɵۣ츳ȵȶѾǾԵˡ
߳ңϳߵһһ¥˶ˣԿԿɳǡ
뵽ǰܹܰ׺ɳǵĻԾ˿ڳʮʱľ󣬷·ŷ
ʵϣǺɳǷĿеĹģǺɳڵ˿ھԲֹʮڡ


2556 ı֮ս
˵ֻҪ㹻ԴԿ޵ɳǡʵУһŵһ̶ϾͻиϰԼ
˵̫Ļڵ޵ߴӳһ˵һˣ·ϾҪķѺܶʱ䡣ɳĳУԿ϶ǲͨ޵еġ򼸺еĳУڶ޵С
Ȼһ㻹һЩ谭вҪǲ֡
޷⣬ǳеķ⡣
Ҫò󷨷Խ󷨣䲼óɱԽߡֻһǺ׾ܲóһеǾҪܶʦֲҲҪʱ䡣ɳֹģĳУһܹȫǵĴǲҪ൱ߵģֻжʦܽĹؼϵĴת
󷨵ĲóɱǸģּαġ
ǾԣҲܲŵĳ󷨲ý졣
ȻˣɳǵĹģѾһָˡ
¥ˣá
ֱϾҲ¥ת
ںܾǰԾͽɳǽϾˡǳϾǸϾľ磬Ҳǰʹﵽ۷塣
ϾθҲͲֱӹɵ¥ˡںɵ¥¥ԭ϶϶ոɳǵʱֻͨɵʦ˾ָڵϵͻͽƷɵʦˡ
ɵ¥ǿɵʦ϶Ϊ϶澰ʱ䳤Ըַǳأʸκɵ¥ܲ¥
ϾϾ΢Ц
Ͼס
ɽĿתɳԶ˵ʣһչ
ԣɵԳ𣿡Ͼվࡣ
Ҳ֪ϣɣɳǣʱ޷ɵ۵ĹһЩ
šϾᡣ
֪ʲôʱ˵ʱۼ˺ܶĴϾ
ˣܿˣңǡͻȻЦо𣿡
᳤̻ܻ
ûд𸴣ҵҲһսʤܣغ᳤⣬Ҳ֮顣Ͼ˵
һսǸ֮սһսĽֱӸıڵ̻֡ǿ֮һý̻⣬ǲܵġӦãҲһ㡣ϾӦǺɳֵġǡ
ΪʲôôģϾʡ
ʵܼ򵥣ڵľ濴Ͳѷ֣ɳǱˣЩһĿ꣬һǽ̻ᡣ̻Ѿɳһˣ˵ԼɳûϵƲϵġԵ
ȷʵˡɳЩ̻ӦþҪϾٴ˵ͷ
ɳϸѾǽ̻ȼġڣ֮һķ֮һɳֱӵϵУԽ̻ʵǿɳǵˣôЩɳߵýҲˡ
ЩС͵ӹһ٣̻ЩǾԲŹġ
ĺɵ¥Ѿڷͥˡ
ɵ¥ķֲδ֮ģšǣкܶרŵɹɵ¥ĵҩ
ɵ¥ǿ軳ɡ
Ʒɵɵ¥жʮ֡ڣҲֻаôƷɵɳǵĺɵ¥ǧҶּ񵤹Ӧ
ڶ֪ɳߵýһΣգҲ̲סɵ¥ҩջ󡣽̻ᣬõӡʱ򣬽̻ỹɳǱ־ġʱƣ־ȻȻˣһɸ߲ƾܿƵġ


ʱ䣬ʷΪֵһʱ䡣
ǰŷɥĳǿϵܵǲڵġлǰڵȵȳǿߵ̫Ҳмȥá
ڶصһҲҪ˭ɫ
ԴӺɳ֮һоͶˡ
ʱһ֮Уݺ칬һЩϢͶ̬
ڵһЩͷʱ½һЩľͷݺҲԵӭӣס
ΪͬЩֲܲڲͬЩͷҲͬʱִ
ǽҪ£ϵشҪв䶼ˣŻʽۡ


2557 Ҫ
ڶͷʢبź
˾˾Ѿִվھ޴һɱǹݺ˵
ţݺͷ
˾Ѿˣ¥ûиǻѶ𣿡ݺĿŹĹâ
˾ҼԵǾͱ˾һ¡˽֪¥˾ҹϵͬһ㣬¥¥˾λʼֵһ㡣˾ˣ¥һֱûӦأ
ع¥ȷʵûκλӦѾ׷ʣûκϢɱҡͷ
ˣû¥ļ룬Խ̫Ӱ졣ȻǲμӣʱҲֵκεĺôݺ˰֡
Ȼվֵ¥֮⣬ĳǿ䶼˰ɣ
ǵģ˾ǳǿһִġһЩûģһ䡣ɱ˵
ţʽʼˡ㣬֪ͨ䣬ٿУó·桢һĬG˴ݺھ޴ǰⲽ˾Ͳ֪ͨˣոյִȥӭ
ǣɱȥ
ĹȺԶݺӭӵģ˾ҵļ˾˾ңҲڣΨһһԼǿļ塣˵ԪУ˾дļǿһ
˾ˡݺһЦӭ˹ֵ
ӭˣ˾μ˾˾ǰǸԱǿľͷһ˾Ҳһġ
ú칬õˡ˾æֻ
˾أҲû̫á˾ѾмݺЦ
ݺԽ˾ӭ빬У˾Ὣʼ

ʱڣͨ޵߶ԣƺһжǶһЩбȽǿϢ˵֪һܹıֵսѾ׶Ρⳡսʱпܱ
ǿľͷȻ뿪ԼܲȻӦ÷ġ
˵˾Ҳ뿪˾ϳ
ţҲ˵ˡ˾ڱȽеλˣ֪ȥֻ֪˾ǹһˡ
ڲࡣڵҲһ뿪ܲ
еĽԽ᳤ͬˡҵֳһʵȨܣһЩϢƺйء
ʲôƻ̺Ҳˡ̺ϵϻ᳤֮ǰʧˡ
˵¶ˡԴӺɳǵľԳӵжߣ伣ˡƺ˼

һЩƵۣڣĵšȻϢϢͨԱСͨ޵ߣԴһ֪
ҲǣЩͨ޵ߣͲлЩǿ٣֪ЩͷǷ뿪˸ϳܲ
ЩϢͨʿ޵ǵϢǽõһۡ죬ҪˣһĴѾſˡڵ˵ˣָľǺɳǡҪԸȻǶԸɳǡ

ɳǣ
ڵڵľԣôѶ˴Ѷ
᳤ȨУʲôʱƹ㣿Ц˵
ʱ뾰ԴѶģǽ̻Ļ᳤
һ˵᳤Ҳᡣ
ǣͷ£ˣΪ᳤̻ܻȻ᲻֪֮ǰϾϵ죬᳤ֱҵ˾ѯʡ
ԳװͿˡ¼䣬˭֪̻ɳһ𰡣᳤ε̾Ϣ˵
᳤Ҳݺ˵ֻҪݺŽ̻ᣬӦлصġ̸̸ʲô˵أЦ˵
Գ˵Цݺ˵ġ˵̻ҲƻٴİɱҸҴģݺ϶ÿһ˶ǵúȥ¾ͻزˡյĵ
Ǿû취ˣ᳤˵ЩҲûð˼ˣҺɳǱİҷǾͻƻ𣿡Ҳ᳤̾ѡȨֻ˵պܴ󣬵ʤ󣡡
һѡ𣿾ԳѾ̻ϵǿߡ


2558 ͷ
ֻ̻һѡ񣬾ɳһƴһѡ
ʤˣ̻ὫΪ˾ûʲô˵ˣҾһ
뾰ԴѶ֮ǰ᳤Ѿ̻ڲﵽ𼶾޵߼ᡣ˭Ҳ˵ôսʲôʱῪʼһȷսĵ̫ˡ
᳤ǵĻеҪʧܣӦöһʤľ󡣡Ц˵
ԳܲܽףɳЩΪ᳤֪ж˼Ȥζ
ڴеϾѾܾûйʺɳǵˣҲ˵Һɳǣɵ٣Ҳһ׵顣ԻУ̺š
ԵĻš
ǿʢʱ׳ǣ۷Ҳڵĺɳǿ̫ࡣ׳ǱƣͨһЩϢܿɵۼĴԽٵġҪȻ׳ǵػڶǿ֣Ҳ̫ܻ׳ǡ
һΣҲ֪᲻ɵۼĴԽٺɳǡ
ԳǾͲ˵ˡ׼ã𼶵޵߱ɳǡ᳤뾰ж˴Ѷ

ΰĴڡ
һգһеľͷ
˾ҵļ˾е᳤ܻԽڵԭƹ֣˪ŵŽ
ЩˣǶҪľͷ
Щͷ֮У˪Žĵ˱Ƚġ˾ˣû뵽Žμδᡣ
˵ǲʶŽίʵµ˪Ŵ򽻵ࡣҪһǣ˪ȻҲǳǿ뵱Щơ˪ռһӴĵ򣬶ͬǳĸģڴ֮ǰ˪ҲӲ֮
Сڵȵ˪ǳǳңԶǲŲ̫ף˪ŵŽΪҪԸɳǵս֮С
ŽŮˣҲ죬ʵǿŮ֮һǽԽ˾ǶԲΪŽŮ˾СԷ
ڣЩǿľͷвٴһ䣬˵̺ϵϻ᳤ȵȡУǿܶ࣬ҲǿĴﵽλһͺܶˡ̺һһ޶Ҳһ
һһ֮䣬ܷǳ޴
̺ϣһеٮٮߣһͨ޵ߣҲ֪̺ϵǿǽӽǿĿʵҲˣ̺ڵ۷ǿв١ϻ᳤ʵǳǿһλ۷ǿߣʵܲȽԽ˲ʲô
ģȻͨһ䡣ڵģ̺൱߽ӽ䡣ǿƵҲǷǳǿġ˵ֵ̺ĻǾҲá
ѵü㰡ھ֮УԽڣԶŽ
Ž˿ԽԽ᳤ǺѼҡ
˪ƿصĵ򣬾ͽм
²·;ΪңԶʵǺѳʱǰԽ˸
˴Ҳݺ칬𣿡ԽŽûԼĵ˼㽫еֱ˳
Խ仰ŽĿٴοԽ
ݺ칬ûǸ˪ʲô顣ŽУǿš
ûʸԸ˪ʲô顣֮⣬ݺ칬룬ŽܿܲᣬҲͲμεĴᡣ
˪ŶԼǰһֱûȤɡԽ˵
仰̽ˡ
ʱ˾Ҳ˶䡣Щǿ䣬϶ǲ뿴˪Լġ
Խ᳤ò̽ҡҿֱӸ㣬˪ǰԼûȤԺԼҲȤڣԽ᳤˰ɣŽЦЦ˵
ԽָЦֻЦ֮УȴżֳԾ
˪ŶûȤֲΪݺ칬ôֻһͣ˪űɵ۴ڸŽ
ʱݺɫ۵޵ߡһĿ⿴ݺ޵ߡ
ĺɱǣ
֮ǿɱǡЩɱǣԳǿв󡣿ɺɱǣһʷϣогǿ䱻ɱǰɱ¼ҲֹһΡ


2559 
ɱͬʱ֣ЩеľͷЩ
ţĺɱǣǵõλɵԵ̵ģӵеֶΣĪ⡣
ݺ죬ɱǣߵλáɱҲվݺκ󷽵ɱǣûй¶ɱ⣬Ǵˣһֿ͵ĸо
λѣݺûϯλ£ȫ˵
ݹڳľͷҲվֻ
λݺ̧֣һĶ
ʮλͷݺº󣬷׷˻ȥ
λѽۣǸݺӡݺ죬ǳмݺͳȴд͸ʯ˲òȫע
ϻҾͲ˵ˡλ֮ǰ֪ǴеĿģ֪ҪԸĿꡣ
ҪӣѾǿˣǿ֮κһûеܽɱİաǵĵˣĳˡݺĿɱȻ
ӾںɳɱĸɱǿʼͽΪɱĿ֮һˡֱ¶źϵȻܹʩչ֮Դ͸ҪˣҪ˾ԣҪɳǣ񵱳׳һ
Ҷ֪˵ʲôˣǶգݺٴλȫ
ݹڳеǺɳгԹҪȻҲԣݹʲôƻʹ㣬ֱ˵˾ҵļ˾˵
˾ĵҪѰǿǿΪ˾ҵ滹ڣʱпܴӻԪռڵûɵۿɽ˵ɵûֱӵĹϵ
˾ж֮ǰһССҪ
λѰˣ˾Խ᳤ȵȣվ֮ȭĴڡڻû˵֮ǰݺҲðȻָӡݺ쿴˿˾˵
ݺĻ˵ڳľͷǾͶˡЩͷһǴ䡣Ҫ˵úףǾе˼
ǵܴǸԵʵǿ档ҪֻܿѹУսӦǿˡ˵˾˾ң޵ɱҲҪѷһ˵һǣͷǶģҾӦƾݺ칬Ϊڵվ˵
ս೬ǿԽġʱվƾݺ죬Ҳһݺ졣
ºݺȻûʲô仯Ŀ޵¶˼ϲɫ
ҲΪݺ칬Ϊʡ˿ǵҲվ˵
һȽϰˣ£϶ǲⱻԼƵģûʲôˡǰһԶȡ׹ˡ
ô㲻Ӧù𣿡һͻȻ
˵ģԼ˪ŽŽĿɨ˵һۣ᲻˵һ䡣
ĵһ仰ڵУȴ˲ɫڹһ㡣Ŀڵһ˰̣ԶԼԴùڵϵ龰޲ãʬΡҡԣһ֪Լһ˵ܸɵԣҪǿҪۿǸСɱĳ
⻰ʲô˼Ž˵ĻԭҪŭӲѹȥǺʵ
ôˣһֱƹܵģŶˣǰ˵һ£˵ǵһоԵ޵߶ȥˡʱһΪϢǼٵģڿƺġŽһ˵
Ҫ˵һǿ䣬ȻԶ˸Ҫǲȷû˻š
㡭Ҫˣֱֲӷ˵˪ŵŽ˵ʵҲԲ֮¡
λǲܵģݺҲ
˿Ž֪Ƿ뵣ݺ쿴Žֱʵ
ŵ֧ݺ쵣ģԵȻкܴĺøСŽȴǳԷ̵ݺҪƫ̻һЩˡ
ݹҪᡣ˪ţ˴εĿֻһȫ֧ݺ칬㡣Ž˵һ䡣


2560 ԪռĴ
Žݺûʲô顣֮ǰҲ˵ˣ˪˲Ϊ롣
ȷʵŽı⣬û취ܾԸ߲˵ֱ
ȷƾݺΪҲǣʱ˪Ž˼ȻҲֻݺ
˾Խ˶һۺбҲ˾
ʵϵͺô䣬ֱӽԼеľӽݺָӡݺʲôָȻҪͨЩתȻݺҪøǡ
˵Ļ˵úܶԣɱڳǿжǿ֮СϾľɱ˵⡣
˾ͽԽˣҲȺͬݺ쵣ʣЩһ䣬ܶԴʲôˣ˭ֵõǡ
ݺ죬ȸлλΡݺٴվЩ緢
ҾͲ˷ʱˡҪĵˣɳǡɳǵĳԣŴҶİˡСӣǴӷġڷһ㶼СǲڷΣ꣬ǾԲġ
Դӷ죬Ѿʱ䡣ĴȻҲ֪˾ڷڷ죬˲֪ԣҪ̽ԵϢȻʲô¡
ʵǳǿĺ𶼲СһսѾǹʱ䣬˵СʵܻȵǿһЩʱ䣬ǶԺܶݣʵܶࡣɴҪע⣬Էǳᣬ;ǽϳʱˣųʱʲôֶΡ
ҪɳǣȾҪɵԡԱնɱɳڵʵǵסǸʵɵġ⣬һ˽⵽һЩ鱨̻кܴܻɳ̻֡ʵ˵ҲסһĻصϻ쵰һΣҪɳˡ
ϵžЩһҪǰ˵֮ǰĴϵ˰ʾڻԪռһЩͬƺ˶ǸԱȽϿáԣһεսĴ޷֡룬˾ҵ˾ͬ޷һս
ݺٽϿ죬ڳ˶˲Ȼ˵һЩʲô
ôԪռĴǣϣɵ۲Ѿ𣿾ɵۻţҲԼλ˰ɣԽ᳤ü˵
Щǿ˵ɵϢǳء˥׳ǱƣͿں̶ܴ֤ɵȷʵˡ
ңȻɵʵǿսڡǣλɵۣͬҲǲ˵ɵԼĵߣǾЦ
ɵȷʵˡһλ˻һЩ˶ǾкøҾͲˣԪռǵ飬ܹϤġԪռĴ˼ǲ¡ݺҡҡͷ˵
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˾̸ֱ¥¥еĴ˿ɲҡɵ۴˹ߣǻĲͷ𣿱ɵ۴˵ϣڻԶ
ӷ촫ھԵϢܶ࣬һϢ˵ƺڷʱɵ۴ֹеĽԽ᳤Ŀ˵
ʲôȻɵ۴ֹڣ˶¶Ծɫƺֻмǿ֪Ϣ˲û˵
ţǱɵ۹ǾģҲɵڻԪռ䷢ĹڻԪռ䵽죬Ķ٣ʮһǾܻҲݺ˵ͷ¶мЦ˵
ͷǣһᣬһ¸ܹı
һսغ֣ԵԼ˪֮⣬ȫԸҶһһսǱԼʵʱսܣͲ˵ˣɳǾԻ˳ɨҶһ㽫ǲдȫɾġ


2561 챯ڵż
ڶľͷڴδ뿪
ǴѶܲǿ߼ᡣͬʱ鱨ȫĲ̽ټ
ЩﶼСĵúܣҲԼ뿪·ϱԽɱ֪ԸʵǿڰͻȻԽɱǿûĴӾܻ뿪
ǵСĲûеģȷʵͷǵɳ鱨ŴһѶϢ󣬾֪ƻвͨе̽ͻȻûԾԭһ۾ֻܿҪԼ뿪Щ϶Ͳ
ԼҲ²סһԼټ֣ôǿ֣ԼʵǿҲס
ǿǿҲһޣϾɵۣҲû֮ԴеļաЩ֮ȻҲһֱԽڣԽǻڵĻ֮еҲԶŻǿ
׹ҫŻеĹԵĲһֱڲϵš
֪Լȥɱûʲô󣬾Ҳͷ˽ɱƻ
ˣ׺ԡ
šԵ˵ͷ
ǽҪԵĵˣǳǿС˾ҡڣǼ˪ҲڵжӪ֮СǿʮһЩǿǵĺ֮£һֲ֧׺ɫء
׺޷ɵ
һߣǳǿռһ롣ԼߣֻкɳǺͽ̻ᡣһӪͬԶѷڵзӪ
ԶԱ⽫쳣ʵսôûʲôʤ㡣
ȻʵףɱϾֻһˡսɵ۲ֵĻһǿܵסǶеĶ𣿵зӪУǸε¶мʮ֮ࡣԳܶԸʮôǶʮأ
ݹǶܼϵִ򣿡Եǵ
ѾϸʮΣ⣬һ꣬зͻִ֮⡣׺
ţɣ׺ǿʼ׼ɣԭƻУԻ˻֡
ȻϵȻͷҲǺܳصġ
ܴ
ɳǣô죿һˣɳǣȻҲ˺ǿսʿӣʦӡɵˡģǰ
һսȥɵ۵⣬ԼҪԵĵˣȵ׳Եĵ˻Ҫһ
˲ƣ
˲ƣͺˣԾһ񣬶ЩȻ
ԴӴﵽ۷壬ɵ۲αƽ󣬾ԾͿʼоĵ뷨ĵ֮ˣоܹ˲Ƶ
δɹ
ѯʹ׺ˣǷ˵˲ƣ׺˵Ĵ𰸶Ƿ񶨵ġǣ˵˲Ƶġ
ھԳ˼ʱ׺ȥ
ˣ׺Լ
׺ôֻˣ£ɻŰ׺
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óǣ΢һ¡
óҲܺɳϽƵġóǱ챯ڣܺɳǵİš챯ڣҲǿͬ챯ڣδԺɳǱ¶⣬ǵʾõʱ챯ҲûκηӦ۸챯һЩǧҶϵ챯ھܾˡ
˽챯ڣڣڸ͵һǿǿǳ͵޷⡣ǣڵ޵ߣȴ˵ǿʱ챯ڡ
ʱ챯ڵóǳԼ˵Ҫ飬ʲô˼
˵ʲô𣿡ʰ׺
ˣ˵ֻ˵˺˵׺ҡҡͷ
ɡԻָԭı顣
һóǳ˾ǰ
ˣóǳԣּ
ض˵ҪҪңʲô飿Կòóǳ
ˣ챯ڴתһŸ㡣˵㿴ź󣬾ͻ֪óǳ̧ͷһһŻɫ۵ƤżС
˫ֽɫƤżݵǰ
ˣżѾ͵С˾͸ˡóǳԺֻ˵˼仰
ˣȷʵŵġ
챯ڣʲôԿ˿۵Ļɫż㡣
ż㱻۵ɷΣԽչ
һ̺ʱĲƣ֮ڿռڵ
ţϢһɫҲ΢΢һ䡣
һ̺ǿܶγʲôвһʱղ̺ĶþԸ֪


2562 ޴
Ҫ֪ԱͶʱһźĲ͸дڵ߼ʱշҲþԸе
Ȼ˵ԼʱյˣЩûв͸ģҲ϶İ
ƤżϴڵģȴþԶİС
⵭ĵϷ򣬱þԶˡ
żݺܼ򵥣ֻһ仰챯뾰Գһ
֣ԺϤ챯ڴ챯͵ĳǿ޴͵ĳǿ䡣
ˣ챯ڵ˵ʲôˣ׺Աأʵ
Խżݸ׺
׺Ҳ¶ı飬˵챯ڴʲô˼أʱ㣬㵽챯һ𣿳ˣл᲻ı
׺˼ǣ챯ڻ᲻žס
ֿԲ챯̫Ĺϸ𡣶ңǵ鱨Ҳûзָʲôǿǰ챯ڰɣ˵
ţȷʵûַ֡ǣǰǶ챯ڽӽ챯ڶǱ־̬ڣôͻȻǰأ׺ü
һˣǱȥˡԳƬ̣˾
Ȳ챯Ŀʲôͳż̺ĵϷ򣬾ԾͲòȥһˡ
ҽһǽй׺̵
һҲǽӽΪˡ磬ǲĻһսǿл֣۷޵еһǿߣһСҲһС⣬ǻ޵Ŀ¡
һ£ɹ۵Ļ޶顣
׺һ˸žһǰ챯ڡ
ˣûǸҪ׺׼úĴս򼴿ǰ챯ڡ˳ĸºҾͻ᷵غɳǡԶԴܹܰ׺
뿪ɳǣûо̫ˡ
һ¶һЩʱ䣬Ծ͵챯֮ܲ⡣Ը·ٶȣȻǱѰ۷޵߿öࡣ˷ʱ䣬һ·ٶȷС
ڣԼǣǳǿͨǵܲ붼һڡ챯ڲǣ챯ҲкܶУͬһҪǡ챯ڵܲȴڳڣڳбԵһɽ֮С
Ըոս챯ܲδɽһ𾳽޵߳ھǰ˷ͷ͹棬Цݲãһ˫۾гһ졣
ǾԳ𣿡ԶԶľͶԾԴк
ǾԡŶԷӦ
Գ챯֮ڴӭ㡣ԾԹ˹˵
ˡԹֻ
ڣϢ㼫ǿ
Գڵ㡣˵űתǰ·Խ
뵽챯ڵĺصأвδʲôסΪﵽΣֶ˵͸챯Ȧ׵žԣǾ㾰챯֮ܲǰûʲôӦɽ챯ܲغ϶Ҳо
ûκξף˵ӦòʲôΣա
Դһ֮ͤǰͤڣһͷС
ԳѾˡ߼˵
ʱ򣬹ͷ߲תĿ⿴ԣ¶Цݡ
Գλ챯ڴһĶԾ˵
Խͤ޴档ѾȻˡ
žԳ֮յü档޴Ц˵
ˣյż㡣֪ҪҹΪ£ֱӾʵ
еΪ׵뿪̫ã޴棬ͺֱӵѯʶԷĿġԶ޴˽ⲻǺܶ࣬޵̬ȸ
ʱ޴Ķ棬ȴһЩ΢Ϊ޴ʵƺǿЩԤϡȻûн֣ɾԵȷ֪ǿھԿ޵ʵǺȶ˵޵ʵҪЩǿǿһΡ
֪ԳнǡСڵȵ֣ҪɳǡھԳλϣһļٰɡԳǿ𾳽֮УҲû뾰ԳƥСǿ̫࣬ԳһǺȫ޴˵һ
Ī챯ԸҺɳһ֮һ
챯ڼ룬ɳǻܶԷϣɾӲˡڼ֪ʵ󣬾Զ뷨Ϊƶ


2563 ƿ
սڼ챯ڴͻȻԼ뵽ţôܾģο֮ǰ˵ˣ涼û
ԵĻҡҡͷ
ҡͷԲЩʧҲԤ֮У챯ֱ˵ɳػǲǲ顣
Գٴοڡ
ԭ챯ǲɳеġǣ챯ڵĴߴˣȴּ⴫ΪˣԳŻյҵż㡣޻˵
ţɻˡ
챯ڵĴߣ
ûǴĻ챯ڵˣһλɵۣΪ챯ɵۻ챯ˣ
챯ˣǱɵ۵ɵ۴ڸԶĹɵۡУ챯һλƢǳº͵ɵ۴ˡ
ԿޣŶԷ˵ȥ
ǰķѴһΪƿ̵ı͵ҵСʱʴˣƿǺкôֻ˵ʱȻ֪ǰִͣҽɳǳ뵽
޴˵䣬ȡһɫʵعӣԲΡ
Գƿ̣޿ž˵
˵Գܽ⿪ƿ̵£ô챯ڽ벻úսȫֺ֧ɳǡԳ޷⿪ƿ̵£챯ڽⳡս޼˵
޴Եٴ
ƿ̣
һʲôı޷ŵĻУ˽⵽Ҳƿ̵;λ챯Ҳδƿ̵;ޡ
ҿɷ񿴿ƿ̣Կƿ̶˵
ȲҪżȽ˵ꡣ
Ҫ⿪ƿ̵£Ҫƿڲռ䡣ǽ룬ܶʱھͳˡ߲룬Ҫѡ񡣡޵˵
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ɳĴսǰ׺˵ݣһͿɵִԵʱѾ˳һ£˵ƽƿµʱֻʮҡʮʱ޷ƽƿ̵£ܴƿڳôⳡսĽ־Ͳˡ
ȷʵһͷ۵ѡ
ҽƿ̣޷ƽƿ̵£ѵԶǷ񣬿ķƽ£Կ֣صʵ
ǿԵģҲǿ뿪ƿ̿ռ䡣ǣƽʧˡңҶƿ̵˽Ⲣ࣬Ҳڲռ便Ҳ޷֤ûκεⷢ˵
˼Ƭ̡
ʱƿ̳ǿһԡɹˣܵõ챯ڵȫ޷ɹƺֻҪڴսʼ֮ǰҲûʲôƿڻ᲻ΣմڣԾּʷǳǳ͡
ԿԵ
ãҾĺϢ޴ƿ̵ݸԡ
Խӹƿ̣۾ϸĹۿûʲô֣ƺƿ̱һͨĶ
һᣬӿסƿ̡Ӵ󣬲һָоƿ̣ȷʵڲռ䣬ԴʱԸ⣬ɽƿ̵ڲռ䡣ûʲôԥԱѡƿ̵ڲռ䡣
ԿԼǰ·һȡþ𾪵ǣڣܸоʱյĴڣȴ޷ʱյĹָоϤϾ뵽ƤżϵĵϷ
⡭ԵϣֳһĨϲ֮ɫ
ƽƿ̣Ҿ˲Ƶ챯ˣѵ֪һ㣿Ծ̾תͷ
Կʼǰȥ¼ŵĳУϢȻܸ֪ʱգȴûκεıʶһֹ״̬
˺ܾãƺûоͷ
ƽأԶסü˼
ʱһ㶼ûСܿģһȣʲôûС
ԳԴ߶ת򣬵ȴûκηӦƺԼеʧˡڷƺֻʱյڣʱյ˵Ҫʹˡ
ͤС
챯ڴ޶΢ЦĶ棬ȻžԡУɫƿ̣ʱ۾
ȻԵ壬δĽƿڲռ䡣ʱȴ޷֪ܵһУԼǲ֪ûнƿ̿ռġ
ʱյԶ֪
֮У޵˵һ仰ȻĻ
ԳԪռĴǣĿΪλͣأҲڳ˼һЩ׵Ķ


2564 ǣ컯
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ɵɣȴǷˡ
֪£ԪռĴǲὫԼĿڷͣģǿҲֵɵӡ
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һУҵĽ͡Ҳѯʹʲô⣬챯˵Ļشȴ޸ΪԺ챯ֻ˵һ䣺ǣ컯
һ仰֣ƺ⣬޿˼ҲҲȷеĴ𰸡
ƿڣڵľͣͣ
Ϊ޷ֱʱգԾҲ֪ԼѾ˶á
ֱʱȻûƽƿµʱһЩµϢѾжϳƿڵĳȣһֱûоͷǣȱԲεģβ뵽ƿ̵״ƶϵĿԷǳ
βĻôҪҵƽµ㣬ӦӴ
ҪģҵβӴҵôϣƽ¡
֪ڳѭ˶ٴΣڣÿһҪ˼Ӧá
ʱյѰƽ⣬Ϳ˲Ƶǣǣ߹ˡ
תۣʱƽƿ̵º
ʱҴҶûʲôͷʱճβӴȻɣԽӵ˼£Ҳǲҵʼĵ㡣
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ڿѾ˲ʱˣûκǾֻܷˡ
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ٲģҲȥػɳ£˵òƿ̵ƽ⡣
ʱաԱأ˫ü
ͻȻ䣬˼΢΢һ
ʱȻ״Ӧ޷߹µʱգҲӦˡһ
ڻʱ򣬾ԾͶһбȽϾաǸʱ򣬾Ծһյǳǿĳ̶ʱʱͿռ䶼ܵӰ졣ڻʱһϵҲǸṩ˺ܴİսԵǿ
ʵǿ󣬵ڣǽһˡϾյֶһһǿսṩİƺѾˡ
ҲȷһƿڲֳܲиֵطûκЧڣҲûֻ֣Կ
΢΢˿
򣡡Ȼһ£߶
ˣ΢֣ȻᣬǾԵĿȴǱŷ⡣
Դӽƿڲռ䣬⻹ǵһ֮¼ŵʱճڣϸ΢Ե
ȻȻ
ʱգҲ޷ȫҵ򡣡
ôͿܷϸ΢仯ҵβĵطɣ
гڴ
ʩչʱճڴڵʱգһ仯ġԣҲֱܸܵ仯ڴ֮ǰܸ֪ʱյĴڣȴûκαʶڵΣǰǲһˡ
ʱճڣ»ָ˾̽
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Ϊ׵֮ǿѾϣȷ沿һҵʱȷ沿ӾܽӽˡȻȷ沿ӵִֻ̽սıʱ䣬ӵִʱ
ⳡսս
ȻսĿǰûʼڵ޵ǣЩˡԵ޵߾ۼ
ɱʱ޿̲ڷšʱ䣬ܶСñС֮ĳͻһǰ˵Ǿ
᳤̻ܻǰ㽫̻֮޵ٻ˽̻̻ܲᣬ׼һۣȾԳϢ᳤ܻԴŽ̻Ἰеǿ߱ɳǡ
ںɳǵĴܹܰ׺ҲǽöϵԳȴʼϵϡΪⳡս׼ģѾ׼ˡ


2565 ƽ
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ʱû֪һսĽճ
ΧڣȽȶɳǶͳǿصŬάųڵ򡣶Щвҵ߱Ƚǿ޵ߣҲϣҵľ沨ӰԼҲϡ
Ļ̻̣ǲɱġ
ƿ̣ʱճȡ
Чҵ˽㣬ҲʱճβӵĵطķһЩʱ䣬Է˵Ϸ̺ߵϵķ򣬱ھǰƺɢȥˡ
ԿʼŬĶ͸
ӵĵɵתȴ·Һã㹻ǿɵ
ֹ˰µʱ䡣
ʱճڣáԣָʶ
һοڶ治Զ޴
챯ڴޣĿеĳԾδʧ
Ϊ޷ƽƿ̵¡
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ʱˣԵһ仰Լƿںķ˶ʱ䡣
ԳҪüüģЦ
Ǿͺá˵Բɳеһ
Ѿƽƿ̵£ǰǵԼ챯ڿҪȫɳǵġ˵
ģƽƿ̵ʱѾټ챯ڵǿߡʱǰ򡣡޵˵ͷ
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ллҾͲˣǣվƿ̻
ƿȽ⣬Ѿɹƽ£һЧԵĶһ²⣬ƿ̺ܿ챯רΪԼƳġƿ̵ʱճȶκԶ޽⣬ɶ߹ɵ˵ܾǺͨĶ
ԣƿ˵ҲûļֵԣĽ黹
뿪챯ڵܲٶȷڸ·УҲѶܹܰ׺Լһºܻصɳǡ֮󣬾ִѶ᳤̻
ڽӵԵĴѶ󣬻˵ΪʧˣɳǺͽ̻ˡ
ϵԵʱ䣬ǼˣĺܵġΪһսûоԵĻǺɳǺͽ̻޷ʤʧܵĽö˵̻Ҳɢ
뾰ԽѶý̻ǣ۱
ھԳ챯ܲȫϻʱ޵ߣıԵش
ˣǰԵͷ־־ɱǱ־ˣɫۡ𰸺ԣǳ·桢һĬGĺɱǡ
ɱǣǰԵˣûĴ󲿶һж
ǰͽΧˡ˶ס·濪˵
ɷӣҪݻٳСɳǺ;Ժ󣬻ýӹЩУݻپͿϧˡ
ţֻҪɱںɳǵԱɡĬGŵͷ
˵ǸоԵļһʵǿʲô֮˿ɵСҵǣһЦһ
ǵɱںɳǵĳйԱʱҪܿǸɳǳ·濴һһۡ
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ףⲻɱǱ־𣿡
ɱͣ󲻾ãһȺ޵߽ӽע⵽ǰͷ㷢Ц˵
󣬾ðɱǡҲǴҪðҲŪһЩɱдɫ۵ģ޵Ц˵
ͨ޵ߣ֪ڻںɱǵġЩͨ޵ߵ֪ǿɱǺ¡ԣǿɫ۴ɱǱ־ʱΪðġ
ԹԽϵĲȺ޵УΪ׵һȵ
ʱ䣬Եشǳңǿ֯ԾǼ䵥Ļٵ޵СӣÿԽӣ½ء
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Ӱ˸һڹⲨʮǿͬʱɱֻʣ£Ϊ׵ǿţɫҰףɪɪ
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2566 Σ
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մܹܵ˵˵ĺɱǣʵǳֲɱǣ۷еһǿߡɱǣʵȺɱǻҪµöࡣǺɱǣƽǾܲסġ
ĪҲǺܹϵˣóѶɳԮֻкɳǿ𣬲ƥĺɱǡ
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ĪûԼĵߣǷԸȥںɳϵԱһ뿪


2567 ŭ
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ܹܰ׺һ˾Գһ̴ʮ߼սʿɳǣƽǵλ÷ȥֻǣɳǾƽǱȽԶȫ·ҲҪʮʱִܵƬ

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ǵʱѾˡʱǴֱ룬Դݿ̬ƴ򵽺ɳ⣬Ȼһٻƺɳǣɱӡ˾ҵ˾Цһ緢ĵ
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һܹܣɱǣͿˣ׺˵
ܹܷģҶȫԸڣұ̽ɱǵټһӦ˵

ʥԳǲԶĳУɱǹϢһõϢ̴ʮ߼սʿСһִʱ򣬳ѾơɱǣҲող뿪С
һ̿ǿ׷ٺɱǵϢһǻޣ׷ⷽɱ۷޵ǿˡʱһ˺ɱǵϢ
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Ƴڱɳƹ֮ǰĳСɳƹܶƳǺҲص㷢չСƳǣ˵ҲǺɳΪҪĳ֮һƳڣɳǲõػǿһλ۷ǿ򣬻һЩսʿڡ
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·棬ôĬG·档
·Ƭ̺˵Կǹͷ̫ӲǾͷ
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2569 Χɱ
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֮ǰǹеķʽһɱֱϿգ㿪ʼԶƳػй
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ŵȻ֪ɱŰԼĳͻȻǿ֪̾ɱĶƳˡ֪ɱǵʵֲʵһɱҲʤ㣬˵ɱǡ޵УȻм𣬵⼸ԺɱǱضֻбɱ³
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ͨսʿʵһ۷൱Ժɱǿ϶ǵвսʿϿɱ޵ǿ˲֪١ԣǵвǺɱǣҲ̵ֲܼʱ䣬ӻɱǻƶƳǵʱ䡣ͬʱҲɳԮ
ģЩսʿƤ񡣡
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ߣߣǻôУɱҺɳôԱɣһһͺȣӰҲڿռֳ
ʩչɱǵ塣ɱǣҪԶƳǴҪһ깥뵽սʿİΧ֮С£ƾʵǿƺҲֻǿ֧ţͲɱȥʱˣǻ
·ҧҧѽ
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ǸʵҲԤϹɳڶඥǿΧǲŻ·ʱǵ̣·ʱ󡣴ʱȻԵĲǺɳǶǿΧ˶߼սʿһǿĻޣҲΧˡ
һĬGһһһڳ·࣬߾ȫֵܸ߼սʿĹ·棬ǳû·ʱ
ˣռʱƿռݣɫڸ֡
ǡһû·ʱüǹıԼɫڡ
ãƺǿռഫͱģ϶ǳɵ۵ֱʣһɫһ䣬æƻǺɫڡ


2570 ҧס
߼սʿ·ɱǣΪһĬGҲټ˫뱾ЩԶԸ߼սʿɱ˲߽
һɱǸԶһЩǻޣٶȱѰٶȿöࡣ
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2571 ˲
챯ڵľӣھ뿪󲻾þͳġ
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ҪһһЩԻչһʱ䣬չغܾáֵ
£׺ûüѯʣԱʧһ̳һڡ
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֮ǰʱ䣬Զû˲Ƶķһƿ̿ռڣþףǽĹؼƿ̿ռ䣬ɹƽ£жߵϵʱշ˽һ˽ͽӴ
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һˣնɱɱǡ
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Ծڵʵ˵ֻҪ۷ǿ߰Χ֮УǿӦġ
һ׷ɱǣȻû˾ʹ뿪
ڱһʮ߼սʿ׷ɱУû㹻ʱƻģǿĳУǱǽĿСͳϡǵƻСͳػò˶ʱ䡣һ󱻻ƣһǽԱɱ¾һɶ
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Իصɳһʱ챯ڵľӵִԵܹܰ׺ǰ챯ڵľɳǡ
챯ڵǿ߽һϢҲкǿıըԡ޵ߡðֲ²Ƕ챯ڰɳ޷⣬ԾͲ²ɳʲô취ĵ͵ص챯Ըɳǡ
챯ڲϢݺ컹ͷǶеʱȺͷҲͷһǣȻϣ챯ȥɳǡ챯ڵļ룬Ǻɳǵİɾǿˣһ챯һ̻ᣬǳǿ
챯ڰæɳҲ뵲סǵĽ棡ݺʢ
챯ʵСȻУ챯һֱϲðͷǣ޴ʵɲ⣬йһν棬Ϊʵ㹻𱮡л᳤Խü˵
֪Сʲôֶβ붯챯ڡһλͷ
ЩѾûˣ챯ڵľӶò˶ñɵִɳǡң˴챯ڰɳǲӣƺǼ˼ǿߡ˸
ɱǵĻˣ˾ҵ˾ݺʡ
ĺɱǣһһֱǸһҧţҲûܻٵȽϴСɱǺܴģǿǣһ޻ʮ߼սʿɳǵĸ߼սʿ̫࣬߼սʿĲУм޶ȵģɳھʯҲֻǶ첻̫ĸ߼սʿݺЦһ˵
һǸ鷳Ҹ취ɱͺˡһͷ
һ۷壬ǻޣҪɱǳѰԽ᳤ҡҡͷ
ҪǺɱһͱɱˣĻȵڣһߣʱи߼սʿеܣķǳɱ

ԣ߳УŹ
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ڣ𾳽޵ߣҲǿԽ˲ƵġֻǣΪĿ̡
޵ҪкоȻ͸Ĳ͸ʱյҪʱյϡЩ޵ߣ˵Ƿëǵġ
ҪĻ⼸Ϊֻн壬²׽ʱյı仯˵Ѱ޵ߣʱյҲ޷ֱ
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ܹܰ׺ܿǰ
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2572 
ȻһŬ׷ɱǣɱΧŰûʱƴͳУں̵ܶʱڻƷСͳС
֮ǰһǣںɱǻСͳкǻûɱڵ޵ߡ֮ǰһ仰Ϊ˱ɳǣҪ־͹ֺɳûʵǡ
ڷͶ񻯺󣬺ɳǵܵ˼صӰ졣޵Ȼĺɱɱ޹Ҳֺɳ޷ǡ
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ܹ֮ܰ׺ǽͷöԳٲأҲҪǿоˡ
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һѶ̿ӦɱǵϢ
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ͷ𣬺ȻĶӰͬʱҲ߼սʿ䱸ʱ׼֡
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ûŸ߼սʿ׷ɱǺɱǺܿȥںɳϵҪС
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˵Գڰʧٵ״̬Ҳ֪ڸʲôͲںµ޵ɣ
ǰЩںɳǵˣšЩеˣ϶̫ӡҪȻôôʱ䶼ûκαʾأ
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ڿһﰡһսɳǿվҪʧܵģвƳǿ

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֮⣬޵߶Ժɳĳб̬ȡɱŰ򣬸ɳǲϵĴˣĹݺ컹ͷҲͨԼϢ֮
µ޵ߣΪǻʤˣɳƺֻаķݡ
Զһǰ׷ٺɱǵλã̿Լ
Ȼ֮ǰûɱǵϢɱǱǺ޵ߣǵʵкǿıʶȡǲ֮ǰžϢδȫɢԾԵҪҵǣȷʵ̫ѵ顣
ֻʱ䣬Ծ͸ӦǿϢ˳ϢѸٵ׷ٵɱǵλá
ҲûһǺܴвⶼʱȥǾȻھ밲ֻаĵطһСͳС
ʱɱҲǳ·桢һĬGǰԶСͳСˣһϷʵɨСͳСû̶Сͳг֣ǹ¶Ӱó޵֪ˣǿųڵ޵߾ӴܻҵطܣƺпԵõһǿҵ㡣
ߣԼڵ޵ߡð߶Ǵ׵


2573 ɱһ
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ʱؼһ֡΢·ɱǲѰ۷壬Ǽ˲͸֪˲Ѱ仯
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һǵɫ䡣ǿˣɫ۵ĺɳǳԡ
ԣ·ĿһɭȻžԡ
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ɵ۵Ͳˡɱǣܲȥ˽⾰ԵϢ
ֻǿϧжϳ˷ǳصƫ屻ǿ嶼ܵصĳӰ졣ǿ񣬷߶ͼֵԵĹһĵֵȴǱܿڵˡ
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2574 
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һǰľ󣬶ǵӰǺܴģΪһʵͬεǿߡʵϣɱǴû¼𾳽޵ɱǡǻɵУûԼ𾳽޵С
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ԳԸͶɳǣˣԸΪЧĬGֻ뱣סԼ
ͶɳǣǺǣʵȻǿԣȴҺɳǲݵģûнջء
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2576 ʷ
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ǿΪУʲô顣ǵԵĶϾԣһ²ȷ伶ͷкܴھԵУܶΪ׵Ҳֻп伶ͷ֣пܻܾԡɱԣǽǷǳѵ顣
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֮һսɾµһս

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ģǽ̻𾳽ǿߡ񽭡ȵȳϼǿߣҲ½ĳ֡
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ߣȽɳǡӦҲǵһɳǰɣУѾĳˣ֮һ᳤Ŀ⿴ǰһ޼ʵӴС
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2577 컯־
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ԣԽ᳤ӭɳǳȻǿǿͬǱ¡صĽӴ
ɳǵҪԱǿҪԱۼڳڡ
ԳִԵǵжƻ޴ֱѯʡ
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ı߽̫ˣǵܽı߽߶סԵ
ţȷʵǣڱ߽ؼ㣬˿ƹǵ㡣޵ͷ
ԳɱѾУ˵ǺܺõϢǿʮһǣǲܽ߼֮⡣˵ǽ߾ȫҲضṥ֮ڡ᳤ҡͷ˵
ȷʵˣԵ
ԣҿر߽硣ǣԾǽ򣬷ǽһ
һսһսҵĴǣսսͷںɳǡǵںɳǣԼ˵;ĳУһúɳϵ޵ǰǴǴӶǾͲƻУΪڻǺЩУ϶һƬؽС
սںɳǣ᲻̫ˣ
ԵĻЩԾ
ɳǣǾԵϳǺɳǱƣǾ͵ⳡսֱʧˡ
ҲǲѡǵĿ꣬ǺɳǡһзԶԶ޷ɳȡǿɲľżδػᰴǵԸɱԵ
޶һۣ˵ͷ
Ǿɣ޴
ɳǱʤصأԳʤصط򣬷ؿһЩ򡭡һҪһ湥ĳһܵ˵Ĺ̫ǿô̲Ӧ֧Ԯ˵
ܺá˶ҪԼ޵ߣ˳ָЧȻͬ⡣
һʮ߼սʿԵȷ沿һʱ󣬱ٻ˺ɳǡˣ߽λáһŪþͻᱻΧ

߽硣
һۣǵִڡ
ĳǿߣһԭЩ£ڱ߽ϵĴ޵ߣʱҲõԶĵطľӱ־롣

ȷӵͳݺǰ
Σݺʵ
ɳһЩӽ򣬹·ϵĳУδ̫ɳǣƺѾΧеķء»˵һЩϢɳǽܶеԼڲԱٻȥˡͳݺ
ţݺ۾Ҳǰ͵õƵѶϢ
ǵĲ²ӦȷġС뽫ɳΪһսս˾վݺԶ˵
һսѾɱˣȻСںɳǾһսǾͳȫˡƺɳǣɱС򽫻ᱻƿءɳƣоСˡнԽ᳤Щ˷ܡ
ȷʵǿ󣬺ɳҲǿ󡣿ǣǵǿһս϶ⲻ˻ʧʧµıǨջֲκɳͣò˶ãͽûЩɳǵжˡ
ǾжɣɳλȫٽݺҶǲ˼ˡ
ƺƵΧֱָɳǡ

Ԫռ䣡
ǰ˵ԪռĴǣȷʵǺܹעɳǡ
ЩǣеŪԣе뱣ԡǣŪԵģԼɳǵжԵģҪǿҡЩ뱣Եģȴһֿп޵˼˵ǺѻΪ˾ԺͺɳǶĳ֡
ԭɵҪԶԸɳǺ;Եġ
ֻͷûתж
컯˼ֹԳɱԵɵۡ
ɵ߷ǵϻԪġԪʲô
Щɵ֮µ޵߲ԪʲôǣϻԪɵۣȴ֪ġԪһ̶컯ɵۣҲΥ컯־


2578 һ̽
Ԫһ̶컯־ԶԶܴ컯
ɵ֮µ޵Ϊ컯ҲûоĸǴﵽɵ۲κ߹򣬲Ż컯¡ɬԼΥ档
Ϊ컯־ĵߣŲԳɱԡ컯־Ǽɵ۲뿴ԱɱĵɵۿҲ⡣ңɱԵɵۣɲֻλɵۡ
ɵαƵģǣĲֻһλɵۡ
ڻԪռ䣬ɱɵ۵ĴҲǺٵġɵ۵ʵڻԪռĴҲǼΪǿġɵۻһãҹɵۡ
ܹɵɲҹɵѰ
Խɵ۵ĴУ֮Դ񣬸ƿЩ֣᲻Щƹɵ۵ĴвԣǾԻԳĨɱԣΪȻھԻвǣԳɳٶ̫죬ǲܰġ
ʵϣڷ¾ʱ򣬾һλɵڻԪռԾԳֹλɵۣͬɱԵġ
컯־ıӣþԿʱֱɵۣҲ˴ϢĻᡣԣҲһֱɵۻ֣ƴĽ߾ȫԼʵΪģܹɵǰ
Ŀǰ˵Եʵɵۿ⡣ܵסɵһУһв֮ܽԴеļգиɵʱıϣ
ɼʵ̫ˡ
Ȼ֮ǰͿʼԲ͸𣬵չǳĿǰΪֹԿʩչʱ⡣

Ϊ׵ֱ룡
;һУвںɳϵĳСЩУҲд޵棬ЩеĳѾˡ޵ߣУʲôֵǣҲѴЩеõʲôջǲȥЩص޵ߣ羰ԵԼϣڳɳǺӹЩеġ
Ϊһ·ϼûʲôֵΪ׵δķѶʱ䣬ͽӽ˺ɳǡֻʷȴѾΪӴĳС
Ⱥںɳͣ
޵ߣһϷɳһǳʮۡÿһϣдʵǿ޵ߡ˵ʵ͵ģҲڤվ۷ΡЩ۷徳޵ߣǵǾǴڻҡǣЩ޵߷ֳһӶӵһսǻвսġһ׼۷սӣսѰ濹ġ
ȻˣˣʵЩ۷޵߱ϻڻҡ
ڤվ۷޵ߣҲǱȽǿˡϾ֮޵޵߻ֻռССıѰ£𾳽޵߲׼ԣ۷ǱȽǿˡһսǷǳ߶˵սֵ۷嶼кܶࡣЩ۷壬ڻʲô
Ϊϵ޵࣬ǹʱԱȫ뿪ۡЩԱղͬռݲͬλáȥǷ
ԱۼһеԱۼһ𣬰ڵԱۼһ˾ҵԱۼһ𡣻ʮһҲǰոֲС
ѹѹȺڴϡ
䣬ҲЩͷǣڿУŴغǰӴС
ǰǺɳˡǣνй˾ҵļ˾ݺ࣬ѯʡ
һսעо޴ʧȻҲϣԼʧСһ㡣
һΣ̽Գɣȿɳǵػ󵽵жǿݺ۾ǰĳУ˵
棬һֱ̽ɳǵĳдȼӸϢɳȻʱֻ꣬ǳػǳǿƳǿǶʲôЩлһЩ
ÿһһͨ𡣳֮⣬ǿʮϾĳԱһʮϾĳԱɳЩˣһͬɳչ̽еػݺתУ˵
ԣͬİ취нԽ᳤һ֧֡
ţҲÿԣȽϹƽ˾Ҳ͡
ҰɳϲԱҰھͲˡڵ


2579 ٰ
ȻǳǿսơڲҪԱǵʦݡڤվԱҲͬˡһʦȻѰͨ޵ܱȣȻʺΪڻʹá
ҲӶ˲ε޵ΪԼս
ںɳǳǰ۸г̶ȣгǿУǰΪû֪ڵжٲƸӶΪԼս԰˵ҲûʲôֻҪ֧߶ĹӶѣȻдѵɢԸⱻӶ
ԣĻݺͷͬ⡣
̽˪Ų롣˪Ž˵
ʵ˪˲ֻ࣬мʮ֮޵ߣʵǿ඼ڡ۷塣
ݺ쿴˿Ž
Ž˵˪Ų̽Ҳ޿ɺǡ˪ţġ˵ɳǴսԭ˪ûʲôϵǺɳսܻսܣڼ˪ûܵʲôӰ졣
ݺ죬Ҳ޷Ҫ˪ȥʲô˼ʮʵǿսҲǹ˼ˡ
ʮһҲʵĳˣҲûʲô˵ġݺ˵ĳ˷ǱȽϹƽˡȻÿһ𣬵һȳǿٳʮε޵ߡڳһ䣬ʲô˵ģ
գ˪֮⣬Ҷʵʵĳ̽Ķ顣֧飬һɱǴ졣ĻɱǣҲΣڹΪڡ
ɳڡ
ԡޣҲտųⷽڶ۷εǿߡںɳǵ۷壬ҲǲٵġɳڣϺɳǱǿģмǿһҲڣǿȻȷʵҲ١
ݺǴ̽һˡ޴Ц˵Ŀ⣬ŶӪ̽ͷһ֧ӣ̾ף̽Ķ顣
Ǻǣ뿴ɳǵػɣ᳤ЦһԳǲݺϼһʧİɣ
Ȼˣƾôˣ̽ɳǵػɲҲЦһ
ԵĿ⣬ҲŶ̽ͷһ֧ӡ֧Уʲôʵǿġʵǿ۷壬ǾҲϳġսУԵȻҪ֪֪ˣ鱨ţͽЩ۷޵߲˲֪
Գ㿪θˣͽҽ̻ᴦΣһˣǽ֧̽ˡ᳤Ц˵
ͷսǽɣҡҡͷЦ
Գսʿɣ޴ʵ
ɳǵսʿ֮ǰѾ޵߼ʶˡ
ǺǣȺڻңҪսʿˣҪǣ΢΢һЦ
Ŷ޴᳤תĿžԡ
ǣ
ǵĻǾóйԷˡĻöԷ̽д٣֣ܼ̽򵥣Է̽ӣ϶ɵĳȴֵŹɱһڽԶͳֺɳǵĴУҪ̽١
λһ֪ȴûϽ͡

̽ӣźɳǷйϵĽӽ
꣡ͻȻһ䡣
֮󣬱ǴһƬԶĽУɳ޵ߡ
޵ߣһۿȥΪ⡣ǣͬĳۣѩĳۡ
޵߲һԸ
ˣ˶žԹ
Ϊ׵ļˣǶꡢ亰ȣ类һѡӵкܸ߻츳޵ߡ
꣬СӣɱȺźɳǷӡסǽɹдķΧڣԶԶһ
ǣӦ
ߣһ֣оʮ޵ͬʱƶ
ûЩˣǻޡ
ʱ䣬ɳǵĻ޾ӣǳˡɳǵĻʵнӽһǧˡˣǱȽǿģܹʩչһġ
ԼСӵľʮŸޣ˳бԵشǲδɳǵĳзΧǶڳд󸲸֮ڡ
ԲǡǵʣƺЩڲͬ޴üЩ޵ߣԼЩ޵߷ͬһ㣬һʱ䣬Ҳûײ֮ͬ
Ҳܹ
˭뵽Ūһ޶顣
򣬻ҲǺٵġڴ֮ǰδ齨޶顣


2580 
ʵɳܹ齨޶飬һû
һܸӦ޵߻츳ǾԼкܶƷҲûãЩǸͨ޵ʹãǺǳΪ޵ġֻонϸ߻츳ˣڵõԵİ󣬲̤޵硣
޴᳤עźɳǵİ޵ߡ̻ᡢ챯ڵ۷ǿߣһҲԼĿڰ޵ߵϡ
ɳǵĻޣǵĴʮεġһѰӵл츳޵ߵʱ򣬶һһĽнͨԱǺɳڲԱ֪һ֧޶ҲࡣǣǵõԳֱṩİǿԻúԴһѡУǵľǼȫ֮ϣƽʱټˣǼˣҲṫԼĻݡ
Ϊˣĳǿǲ֪ɳл޶ڡ
ԼСӾʮԱڳбԵĿ⿴ſٱƽĵˡ
ɱ
ɳϵļɳǳ̹ӵɱǿвϺȣһ𼶷
ɱȥ
죡ǡﵽ֮ڡע⣬빥ҵһͬдֻҪ̽ܣǱɳˡɱǴ˵
е˼˵ȺڻҲһֻҪ̽ɳܣǱɳȫĵط
һȺˣ֪ԼڻңԼǱɳġ֪лĻ󣬵Ǹӵлϣ˭
ɱɳ󷨣
һ尡
Ⱥڻң׷׺ȣ
ȺڻҵǲٵģڣǿһѾ˶ʮ˪źͰ⣬ÿﶼɳʮˣҲٵӡԼȥɳǳ棬ûǼٸһ棬֮һӳɵЧ
ӳԷǻΧһ޿򶡺˵
ţ˵ͷʱ䡣
ʱ䣬˾ͻǵĹΧ֮ڡ޵ĹΧǺܴģĹΧָܹЧɱ˷ΧֻӰ죬Ǿʮֲֿˡ
׼ͺһ
ϰۻޣ뻮һȡԼķһЩǿĻޣгеĺȻ귨Ҫ֪һ귨ļֵǷǳߵģ붼ǧھʯĶУʮ֮һĻޣ귨ʣµˣųķϾҲûô귨װ޶顣귨ҲֻʵǿĻʹá
ǣֻҪǻޣлԵʳǴ˺ܶһöȥټϣ˺ԼҲǿӰɱֵ͵ȵĻ伮
ɱ
ڻң붡ĻΧ󣬶һȡ
ϰޣͬʱ˻ޣĶӰɱΪķûκε֣˾쵽Ҳص㣬ܹ͵Ϯ֡
޵ĹѾǶڻȴûκθ֪Ȼɵıٶȱƽ
ڻ޷ʱ޴͵һΪԼĸоĳı仯ϸӦؼһؼȻһ٣뵽˻֮κˡ

ôܣ
ѵһ޵߶ǻޣ⡭ôܣɳǣĻޣɲֻһٸ޵ߣٸǣǻޣ
޴ʱҲЩڸˡ
һˣڻǣӴ˰ۻ޵Ļ
ԶԶĿȥ
ܼٵٷеӰǴĴӿһͷ档ǣúϢͺԼŵȥֻǣ̬ȴ˿ûаšеˣֱӾͷ½ϵӡ
ˣԽԽࡣ
ת˲Ĺ򣬱вڻҴӿе䡣
žžž
ۣ
ƺЩ˽Ӵصʱ򴫳Щ䵽޵ߣûһվֹȥɷ֣Щ޵ȫûκε
ô£ݺ죬һӶҪɳۿ
ߵľͷǣһҲǲı顣޷ʲô飬ΪʲôԼˣ׵ľʹӿеȥֱû
ڻǣһѶѵ䣬ͺһȺȳ汻ǿɱ
˻ûŪʲôʱٸڻңʣµľֻмڤվǼʮˡ


2581 ޶ܿ
⻹ŵڻңǵԸǿһЩûڶĵһɱ֮¡
깥ǻ޷깥ĻɱǣѵĶס壬عޱʹĶݺ
깥
ݺǶ
ݺ˳˵
𣡡ڴʱ˵ڶɱ
ŵļʮڻңھһ깥ȻţǵҲشˡ̶͵Ҳȥֵڶ깥
ݺĳˣҲ볷ˣδתطУڶɱǵִˡˣµļʮڻңҲ½Ĵӿһͷȥ
Ӷֹڻȫûǽʱѡ̶̵ʱڣüʮٸ۷ȫ䡣
޵Ŀ£ɼһߡ
ݺͷһʱ䶼˵ɳЩˣȻǵڻʹõģЩڻң̽ɳǴڣȺڻһιûȫûˣʧǷǳ޴ģȫֱð
ôᡭɳôĻ޴ڣ˾䶯˵һ䡣
ûܻش⡣
ǵȻõһ޵ߣǻƣһٸɳǵıԵʲô֪ˣȺ޵߶ǻޣ򵥵ͽǼĵһ̽øɸɾ

ǡɳǵʵ𣿡
ںɳԶһЩطд޵ߡðߡ
ɳһսȻǻ޵սֻǣܴ˲ҿս±ҲвٵӴ޵ߣǶִ۾ܿɱλá
Щˣֱ۾ͿһȺ̽鱻һɱ龰
ҲǴľúŻع
Ǽʶ˺ɳǵǿᡣ
һٸޣ£һٸƺİٸͬ۵ļһڳڣǿܶǻݡҪȻͬİأֻǣԳǴʲôطŪ˶ĻޣĪǣǴʳǳԮ𣿡޵߲²⡣
ʳطľ֪ġÿһ򣬶޵ʳǣеûٻҲдʳǻġһЩʶˣ֪ʳǸطö࣬ƷҲǱȽϳĶ
ʳǵԮ翵ʳܳôްɳǣҲһڿҲ֪ɳĻ޶顣ҡͷ
ĺÿ£ȺӵĻ֣¡ĴޣǺܶѹ֪Լôġ޵߸п˵
ɳڣ
ԳôֱʰѾ֪ɳڣĿ»޶顣᳤˿žԿЦ˵
ʵҲûпЦЦ
ԳĪٸ޵ߣǻޣ޴ָָԶİٸۻޡ
ոĶ飬ʱӳбԵ
ţǶǻޡ˵ֻǣ𾳽ĻޱȽ٣һҲֻжʮ˰ɡ
УдԼʮ֮
һ̤֮ոտ룬ҲܹвѰھ޵ˡȶӡټϾԴ귨ô۷徳Ѱ޵ߣҲп͵Ϯ֡
˵㲻𾳽ĻޣһȥˣֹĵˣɱҲġ˵һٸϲεĻޣԸ۷жǿߵʱһͬʩչ۷嶥ǿҲԲ಻
̫ˣ治֪ԳôŪô޵ġ챯ڣ޼޴ҡҡͷ
ЦЦûж͡
档
ͷǣǿеĽԼָ˳
ҿҲҪȥ̽ɳˡǾȫ淢ɣǵǿӦԶȺɳǵǿ߶ࡣǴֱѹȥƺɳǣȻȫնɱǸԡ˾ҵ˾һųݺ
ݺ죬ɫãƺҪľ
˾˵еڿûİ취ˡ̽һȺ޵ķ߶ѳȥɳһЩ۷ȥ壬¶ûáǶܿǳڣɫͬεˣɲֻһٸһ£Ӧٸ֮ࡣԽ᳤


2582 ̫ì
ٸγɵս˭ȥԣ
Ҫ֪޵깥ܣǿԴӵġ
Խ᳤˵ûٳԣͽˡˣɳǶ޷ͱȫɱˡһԳ
ֻȫˣҾƴġƺɳǵĴ󣬿϶ҪһսӿʼǾԤϵɡڵ˵ͷ
ˣĹݺ졣ݺ죬ϵ䡣ȫȻҲҪݺųɡֻݺŻеȥִС
ðɣݺǵͷ
ĿУ׺ĺ֮ɫ
ԭǴٸСݵģֻ벻ɳĻޡôҲֻܿʼʱʹˡݺͳܾͷǵĶС
ţݺֱ
һƬӰڿѸٻΪһڵĳìڵĳìδȫԻɱ
޾ɱڣɭȻ䣬ڳ˶ɫ䡣
һ
ⳤì¶ʱһأ·𶼳ܲסì
۱
ǣ̱ʶⳤìһɵʹõĵ۱۱ɢܣʵһЩ
ݺȡì۱֮ʵ޵ߣǷ׷׾ֺˣֻԶԶĿǿֲĺɫӰǽ޷ܵ۱ѹġ
⣬ǡԽ᳤ųìֳֳìݺ졣
ݺϣóʹⳤìҲΪĳ
Ī̫ìеͺ
̫ìһĵ۱ˣĵߣλͨɱɵۡ
ߴ˽˵۱ʹˣ˾ҵ˾۾ݺ
ߴˣĵߣҲΪߴɵۡ
ս֮󣬺ɳǱ𣬾Сݺ컷ܣ˵
̫ìڣɱǾСֵ𣿡Ц
λĴˣѾڴ˵۱ڹ̴һɱУΪɪꡣҪȫͷųһ˵Щ㡣ԣҪһ֮ݺתת˵
ɪ꣬ߴɵеһС
ߴɵۣڽ̫ìݺʹ֮ǰǺķڴ˵۱й̴һС
Ҳ˵ݺʹ̫ìҪʩչԼյķֻҪɪ꼴ɡȻõ۱Ҫ޷ġݺһˣǿҲ˵жǿԣҪľͷһͬæҽۣ̫ìеĹɪꡣ
˵ǶȫԸ֧֡һ˵
˵ôɣнԽ᳤һֵ
ˣҲ׷׸͡
λܣΧһȦ˵ʼʱһͬ߶뵽̫ì֮ڡԺɳǷһݺ۾΢е
䣬ѸٵݺΪģγһԲȦЩͷ۷жĴڣÿ˵ʵޱǿǵ󺣡ǳ
ݺ߸ߵ̫ìƽԼĺӿԽԽǿɫӰڳìļӿ볤ա
壬ƺҪе޵ߣǶܸܵõ
ߴˣҪɳǰǡԼĵ۱ݺʹˡ˪ŵŽת
ҲԲȦеһӣһݺ켤۱ܵʱҲὫС
Զ˵ս޵ߣԶ˿ֲӰǿѹ֮Уûм˴ʱܱɵһЩˣýˡλɨûмܻ
ɳڵľԵˣȻҲʱ򣬾͸ֿ֪µԣںɳڣųӰ
ֹеǼǳԽ𼶷ΡʹǼ嫡ǣǼݺеȫˡ
ȻˣҲ֪۱жôĿֲǣĹ͵۱ƻƶݻһˡε޵߱Ͼɵۣ޵ߣǲܷӳ۱ǿġ۱кǿΨһԣһ۱ͨҲ۱Ϊ۱ɵУܾ߱ǿ
˵һ۱Ǳɵ۵õɵۣҲԽ۱ȫͷų
̫ݺ죬ɵ۵ĵ۱᳤̻ɫЩ̡


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2584 ȵײ
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纮øԱ˵һ̷һŵҩ÷ٶȶʱڵõȻֵҩЩãʱҲûõİ취ˡڣõҩٶȣɹıܿ˺İɱһǳɹʮ߼սʿϡ
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֪ĶΪЩսʿ㣬Ҿɱ𣿡
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һȭͷСɫǱ׵ͷϷɫȭͷСһ̾Ĵ͡ţЩǾͱ˴īɫڿռ趯
ڿռڻţȵҲǵֻǣȵУȴ͸аѪīɫĸǳʯ}˵İɫͺڸɺԵѪҺ
գЩĶʶʶϹٵ״͸ռ䣬˶


2589 
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һϹ٣֤˼ԪıǨʱųԿֲٶڼ̵ʱڣüΪӴ
һϵֲа޵ķѪõѪĹȡ
ңԶĵطܿȻٳգ鷨
Ҳ֪Ǵʲôطõа١ǰһ뾰ԽֵʱȻû٣һսͻὫٷųͲȵڡ
ϹϹ٣ԪΪǿֲ
ǰ˵ϹٶڻԪռ䣬ǺڻԪռֲ
𣬾õһϹ٣
ݺˣźԼϹ١
ŵһ߼սʿϺΪѲ̫ܸɵһʱųϹ٣ֱ仯ˡ
ҲǷŭˣõϹٿ϶ҲǷǳף֪ķĴۡ룬ϴԻܺһֱ׼ɡ˵
ɳڡ
ԵɫٶȵķһЩ仯ĸ֪ӺųϹɢǿϢԶֲİڼ澰Եõеʱ򣬹˱ǷΪǣģϢϹȴаģϹҪȹǿ̫ˡ
ãϹ٣ϣԪͬһεġԵļ磬ɵһŻԪݻԼ
ԳϹ١õֶ޴У𾪡
޴ԸǼȵģӾӴԻδ޴йǿҵ޿Ϲٺ󣬾ЩƲסԼġ
ģһ𾳽޵ߣƿϹ٣Ӧɵ۲ﰡ޴ϢЩء
Ϲ٣ɵ˵ǿĶ
Բ²ûϹԪʵͬĶֻǣķʽͬճһһаԪһ磬ϹѪ
ԳϹټֲɵٵҪѺֽܴš᳤̻ҲֵԴ
ɫء
ĳ֣ǾҲ޷ԤϵġųϹ٣ǾԤϵġ
һԳֶԸһϹ١Դ޴᳤ܻ
ԳҪСġϹٵѲܺˡ޴ޱȵأֵ򲻵ѣֻɳǣʤصء
ţסԻӦ
ʤصأɵ۶޷ȫ̽ĵطڣܶ඼Ƕڳʤصزܻ׺޺ƵȵԭԱ

ͣͣ
һִīɫ˦šЦϹɱ
Ϲ٣˲Ϣ֮䣬ϰһʮ߼սʿ߼սʿǻгҪĲơ߼սʿǿʹõҲʵķǳ񣬵ˣֻһЩǺ˿ڡ
̫ˣ
Ҫ֪߼սʿȫһǶ۷ԵֵЩһ£ȴƺֻһЩƤˡ˿ڴīɫҺ壬Ǻܶࡣ
ʮ߼սʿȴ޷ϹٵͲơ
һֵˣЦһȥ
ûϹֱӹһȻɱһйеĺ⣬йԾԵԹߡ
һˣ
ĸûи߼սʿˣ
㻹߼սʿܴԶһطϹȥһҲڿͱϹסڳڣһһ
һ˫˫۾źһеˣΪһˣɳͷھԵĻޣںС
ݺˣЦĿתţƺǲһɱĳ档
Լĺһˣϱ鵭ĮƺûΪ̫˹УһԼʹû𣬵κǼƷ̫ˣĻԺ𼸺ûвκεɱ
˻
ʱ
ͻȻģ׵ġ
ں𱳺һ䵶ӿռһһϢ̽˳ɢ䵶Ȼź󱳴̹ȥġ


2590 ޵Ͼ
䵶ĺ󱳣ֵӰڿռ¶
ɫĵ⣬ӳĳһžӡ
һɫȹľŮӣһֱھߵϾ
Ǿǿ޵ߣϾһ͵Ϯûǰ졣ΪЩˣҪԭڴˣϾ̫ˡ
ΪﵽΣٴ⣬ǵĸ֪Ѱ޵ӽڳ˵ΡϾĵ˺ֱɫ䵶ݳʶΣյıƽĺɱǶһӵС
һŭ
ﻹ˵ȥɱһʱһǿҵϢָоǰһΣǴԵĽâһ
ȫĴ߶Ҫס󱳵ĵ⡣
ʲôʲô
ǺȹŮ˭ôֵģȻͻȻͳں࣬ƺҲûǰ
Σա
ϾǾԵŮˣǴӷ͸žԵġȻϾ¶٣ϳϾ
˵Ͼ˱Ҳ֪ˡΪϾ֣ҲǴáɳ½µ𣬲ŽϾִ϶ˡ
ǸŮӣǿøһԱ̾˵
ţȷʵܹ졣ˣûܲһ˵˵ͷ
ŮˣҲǾߵġû뵽߳һһ⣬ôһΪɫŮ޵ߡøĴʦĿ˵
Ͼ֣˵ƺЩϢУϾʵǺǿҲû˵ʲôôͻȻ֮䣬ͱһж޵ˣһü˵
ֻǲϲͷɣʦֺһ
ߣͷͬǷǳ𾪣ۿźųϹ٣ҪɱһˣͻȻðһ͵ϮϾǶİԴӷ쵽죬߾ʹˣһһһϾϾȻڷͻ˾һԴӿ𾳽ȫѹϾˡ
ϾòҲû̫˻
ڿǶشˣϾ𣬾ԲѰǺϾǾǷһ
˭ܸңŮô£ݺɤͳ
ͷǣ׷ҡͷ
˪Ž˵ϾˣǾԳŮˡˣһʵҲܽ͡ԳܽǧҶֵҩó˵ԴԴϵǧҶƴ۷ǳߣʱ£ܻ۲ٵġϾǾԳŮˣȻõĹաʹ˺ܶǧҶȻǿԽ崿ǳߡĻ츳һ㣬Ҳܳɳǿĵز
λϾڷƾͻƾ̤ġǷ죬ƶˡǸ˵ĵ츳츳㹻ǿоԳǧҶʵǿǹˡŽ˵Цһ
ŽԣԷ
ǰ
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ʱ򣬺зһҽС
ԿϾɫ䵶Ѿûĺ󱳡ҽУ³ѪȻȫֵͼסϾιֱ͵Ϯʩչ˼֡ȳ̶ȵսݲһ©󡣺һ˿ϾͲٸᷭ
ϾУ³һ֣ö
һĻе޵߱ǿϾеɫ֮ϻһ޵ƥⲢʮҫ۵Ĺ󣬽γɵ˺顣Ҳɫν
ˡ
һΣûǼ˲Ʊߡ
ϾһУ㽫ɱ⣬йעⳡս޵ߡԣϾһи޵ˡԵȻ֪ϾʵҲû뵽ϾܹԺ͵ϮսϾڵսҲڲ֮ɡ
ϾȻûиսɱĻᡣýһ͵Ϯһо͸ɵݷһҾԱĺ𡣺ζ벻һصɳǱ뾰ԽֵĻᶼûУͱߵһŮ


2591 ù
Ȼˣûлȥڻ߷˼ˡ
Ͼɱ֮ıȫ漴Ӱ䵭ʧ֮䡣
Ͼ𲢲ʧˣ壬ʵǴڵġֻǣıܵĵ޵޷Ĵڡ
򵥸ıʵѣѵսڷҵĵطԼм֮ƽʱһϾ޵߶ڿռڡɵ֮б仯ʱؾˡ
ʱɳķֱ֮һ飬Ѱ޵߿ﶼΣգ˵ǸıԼһҲܿϾǷǳˡ
ԳλϾɱǺ޴˺һᣬŴѯʡ
ųϹٶ׷ɱһЩ޶ʱĹעֱϾ¶棬һлɱ˺һ龰оȵľޣôһʱ˼άӲˡ
Ͼ©ģ档ޡЩˣ֮ǰûϾҪս֮С
ǰӿ֮Ͼ㽫ҪľӰһϡѡȻȷġϾôɱҲĴйءƴɱϾһɱġԴޡ
᳤ҲǷѯʣͬƵĻش

ߵľͷǣһĿɿڴ
սϵı仯˲Ϣ䣬ǵȻǺһͱŪˣʵԽܣǿڵǿ߰
ڻԪ򣬺ҲǴˡκһڣǰˡ֪ж޵ߣһǿĴڵԼİȻҲһЩǽЩǿߵ׷ϳԽĿꡣ
ɾһǿߣ˺ɳ֮⣬Щ졣ڱΪ𾳽޵еľԳУһûʲôϾС
˵ʵкܶ˻ΪЩ
ȷѾѾʧˡ˾˵ոսӵһѶ˵ľϵı仯
˾ĻͷɫЩȻγں䲻룬ܹͬĿꡣ
ΣҲûϹٿɲǾСζԸϹ١ݺͳ˵
ϹԼġ
ǰϹһ̶ϻӺûܿѪܱʹϽ޵ߡϹٶսʿȻûʲôȤϹپͷſ֮ǰĸ߼սʿתȥ׽Ѫ޵ߡ
ϹûȷĿ꣬ǺɳǷ滹޵ߣȥ
ݺѾегԱԶϹ١Ϲһȱ㣬ƶԲôѸ١ֻҪΧ֮⣬ҪܿĹͲ̫ѵ顣
ʱϹѾû޵ߴڣʼ׷ɱԶ޵ߡΪɳǺܽɳ޵ɢϢ˵Եջ
ںɳǲдϡȻϹҲ޷ںܶʱڽɳǲдȫƣһƻ󷨣һȥ׽޵ߡ޷Ӵ󣬼ǲƶҲ
λ
̫ìָòˣ׼ɣݺӦ̫ìǰĵָòˣιɪԷˡ
ͷǣ̫ì

Ԫռ䣡
ЩˣδЩ˰ɣһüߣɫЩãü˵һ䡣
ĲԶռڣһǳĻ档⻭УȻкɳǣռ˰յϹ١
ȷʵЩˡüߣһĿݵߡ
üߣ챯ڵĵߣҲǱΪ챯˵Ĵڣһǳϵɵۡ
ߵĿߣӰɵۡӰɵǱȽϵ͵һλɵۣ챯ȵĻΪɵ۵¾Ҫ̺ܶˡӰɵǰɵ۹ϵܺãԾΪӿʼʱӰɵ۾йע
ǹעҲǵɳǵġϾ𣬾͵õָ㡣Ͼһɱõɫ䵶ҲӰɵִ͸Ͼġ
챯˺ӰɵۣȻڻԪռ俴źɳǵս
̫ìݺ칥ɳҲͰˡǺǣϹٶóˡЩˣһ㶼Խ컯־Ľ𣿡챯˳
챯ȷʵЩŭˣʵǷǳº͵Ը񡣵һеսһʵùˡ


2592 ɳǵĵ۱
Ϲֶʵڲóھ֮С
ǼյģΪֻҪ㹻ѪǿԽ޳ɳġԽǿ޵ߣʵͻԽǿ
챯˶ŭģϹٵĳ֡
ȻϹٿǺųģԺǲܵõϹٵģ˵һ̶ϿơܵõϹ٣ֻһԭ򣬾ǶȺ˿ⰲŵġ
ѾɱϹû˿ƣҵĵǡøӰɵ˵
Ӱɵø챯Ҳ˳Ĭø̬ȲԾ챯˺Ӱɵ۹ͬĸо
ǿɵۣҲ¶ܶϤ߹ͬкܶŪ׵ġ
ڣ챯˺Ӱɵۣ֪Ϊξ컯ǣϹϵʵǿҲ𾳽磬ͨɵ۶ǣΪ컯־Ϊ֣컯ֳ־ԼɱȺɵ۵ģ˵컯Ӿԡ
챯ˡӰɵȺŪԵɵۣ벻ͨġ

򣬺ɳ⡣
ɱݺ죬ŭȡ
̫ìγɵľ޴ӰȻǰˡ
̫ìĵιǰιɳػֵסˣɳǵҲƻ߰˰ˡκ˿ɳǶܵס̫ìĵιˡ
ι֮ǰݺԱ׼д󱻻ƺǱҪ̳УɱкɳϵĳԱҪɱģٰۻޡ
ɳǵٻޣʵ̫ˡ
䣡
޴ӰǺɳϿաĺɫ˿꣬ĴҲʴˡ
Ľʧȥдı󣬷׷ǿҵ̮Ще󷨣޷ֵϿյĿֲƻ
ɳˣ
۱ĴڣȻֵܵġԵ۱ǿҲ
ȻʧСʣµˣȻԶԶɳǷ档
ⳡսҪ˰ɣ
ԶΧ۵޵ߡðߣܿɳ̮Ľܿе޵ڷɴܶܡ
λɳǴơԭƻЩˣרŸԸС㸺ǸϾΣݺ׼ߵЩͷɱ뵽ˡ
ɳͻȻðϾŽŽ˪ţҲмʮں۷ǿߣԸһϾⲻݺΪŽ
õģŽӦ
쿴СˣͻȻһȣָźɳǵķ
Ȼɫ۵ľԣѾɵ˳֮⡣
ϹٵĲ쵽˺ɳڣԿīɫϴһЩ޵ߵʬ塣
޵ߣҲڳɳǡȻһսʿвٴٻ޳˹ȥ
СƺҪƴˣ
ǺǣҲãɱһЩҪСĻݺЦ˵ע⾰ԵĻ
СһС˾ԾԾԣһ¾Եսжǿ
ݺҪͷȴǶȻһ
ʱ򣬾һȴ
ţбڳһƬɫĹΡɫΣɳǶڣȻҲٻڡɫθǵķΧǰд󼸺ȫһ¡
ʲô
ɳǵػѾ̫ìι״ݻˣôֳķ֣ңɫǳ嫺أ̫ìĹɪ깥дܣĹĻڵˡɳڽ̮ľҲһֹͣ
ʲôԽ᳤۾
Ϣǳ磬ǿߵϢѾɵƵıˣ⡭ǵ۱㵵ı飬˵
ɵƵı̺ߵϺ֮ǰɱɱǵõ·ʱ󣬻Ͼʹõɫ䵶ߵϵıںɳڵĹͷŵߵϣǿ󵽳Ǹ롣Ϣ̫ìһεĶ
ɳǣȻе۱øҲסˡ
ȺԺøˣ֪ɳе۱ڡ
ɳǵĵ۱ģλɵۣ۱ɳʹõģ
ӦðһսУԺͺɳǵɵۣܽԼĵ۱ֱӽԡȽϻԾ챯ˣҲֻ챯ȫֺ֧ɳǶѡøʦü
ߵϵϢҲ챯˵Ǽ۱ţӰɵ۵ĵ۱Ҳ˵Ӱɵ۵ĵ۱ƺһѽɫһҡͷ˵


2593 ľͷ
Ӱɵ۵ĵ۱òȥһѽɫһ֣ܰԪ
Ԫ֣ɲʹõġΪԽߵ޵ߣԻԪԽǳηһĵ۱ܲԪ֡һЩʵϵ͵޵֪ηʹûԪ֡
ɳڵĵ۱ҸоЩϤܾԶǰƺøʦĿ
ʦ֣۱һʡ
øʦ֣Ǻ֮ǰ͸溮øģԻԪռЩ˽ҲȽ϶ࡣ
ţƺҹɵ۵Ӵ߷ʱࡣǡҹɵѾʧٺܾˣ۱ӣǾεõӵģʦҡͷ
ҹɵش䣬һֱʳǵڼ֮ǰҹɵ۴δ¶ԼݡȻʳǵùӣϵӵ޵ԪҲҲøĴʦܻɵӣصľйء
ңʳǵڻԪ򣬵˵ȴǷǳյġһЩ֪ӣʳǵȴļûϳӡ
οʵڻԪҲϢ˵ҹɵɵһˡ
ӵķ֧󣬺ɳڱǱĻ
ٸ޸дġ
ЩޣԾԶޱҳϵģԲǳ£ǾͲ᳷¡ɵɳػ󱻻ƺǽֱԴ˵ĽǸʱ򣬲˶ԼˡҪ˵ǿ϶ֻǼ˲ûг˵Ǿûѡֻܷ깥ֵ
ҪĹͷɳȴٴǿķ㣬ĺ˸⡣Щޣڵ˴ﲻĵطϸɵˡ
Գ㡭ǡ챯ڵ޴ҲǱԲֶθˡ
ǧ㣬Ҳ㲻Գлһ۱ңڵӦһƫϵ۱
ǺǣȺ̫ܿìҵĳУҵȻҲܿ۱ҵĳСЦ˵
ԳԽԽˡ۱㶼Ū֡ˣ۱λ˵᳤ʡ
ҹǰĵ۱ӣҲеõģҵõɵǰ֮Դûӵ֣ΪʹӺ󣬱ضǻᱻֵġףʱڻԪռ䣬ҲвĿźɳ⣬ֺޱҪ
û˵ԼǴʳǵõӣܻᱩ¶ҹɵ۵١˵ǻԵɺϵõӣҲ±˲ţΪľԣɵǰҲֱ̫ܷ˵ĻǼ١
ӣѹַǿ۱˵ƫĵ۱Ȼͬǳǿ
ţҹɵò˫ɵֻۡǣҹɵƺҲʧٺܾúܾˡԳõʱûзָҹɵټ𣿡޴
ҹǰɵǰһ׶༪ˡҹǰţὫڱأޡҲ˵ʵ
ӵĹȷʵҲǿԵӱֺǿķ䷢ǿĹ


ݺ죬˵Ȼϲɳǵĵ۱ӣϲϢжһ۱
˵ԪҲȷʵʶ̫ì޵߶࣬ʶӵ޵١еԭ򣬻Ӧɵ۹¶ĴйءҹɵǺ¶ģĵȴʱ޵Ǿ㼸֮ǰûм̫ìⲻ˵ݺó̫ìǲʶҲܲ³ݺеĵ۱ʲô
ӣ³ˡ
СĻ޳ܵĶȻŵ۱Խ᳤
ۿźɳǱƣǵľӼܴɱɱˣȴͻȻðһ۱ɳǱڡ
ߵľͷһüıô£ʧô³ԱȴǵõĽ
Сеĵ۱ͬӲȫܡϹٸǹҵҪСĵ۱۵ķ㣬̫ܵìβơݺĿɭ
ˣٷŭҲûãֻǰȽɳ۱γɵķƣǾܲóһ۱ɣ
ʱľԣû˼ȥľͷʲôߣϹٵϡϹƻ̫ǿҪС
ˣҪôþ˵ɳǴܹܰ׺֪Ե˼ʵ


2594 Ϲ
Ȼе۱ıͷǾ޴ޱְյӰɳڵ˶ͷء
ҪԸϹ٣ǳϹ٣𾳽޵߼ġɵ۳֣ҲҪķѺܴ
ɳһϹ٣ȻͼܶࡣǳϹ٣ǷźɳǲдĴ󶼲Ҫݺͷŵιɪ깥Ϲپɽдٵ
׺ѯʣ˵ǳ֣Ϲ̫Σˡ
ϹٵĹΧǳ乥Χ֮ڣǺѵġʱ򣬿ɲϹٵ̺ǿġֱ׵˵ҪǲԶĻܻᱻֱȥһһĵ̾ͻ壬ϹٻὫںܶʱھһɶ
ˣϹ٣ǰûҲšҪɱѶǷǳģ̫ӴˣնٶֻҪĴãͿԲ׺ü˵
׺˼ҪĥϹ١ȻһһιܲϹٴ̫˺ൽһ̶ȣǿնһġٵһ̶ȣлҵϹٵĴԣӶɱ
ΧĻȷʵһְ취ʧ̫ˣ֪ж𾳽޵߻ϹٵĹ֮¡
תͻȻЦ˵׺Ϲ٣ܳΪǺɳǷ
׺Щ
ϹǺųģںˣĹûԡṥɳǣҲṥԵ
ˣϹپǳбԵСЩ޵ߣɲĿϹ١׺üЦ
ԣһЩ׺ڳ׼˳ĻҿչԻº󣬴ӲԶһսʿӰ˹
һǶʮ߼սʿ
Ը߼սʿҪնһҪϳʱ䡣ټʮ߼սʿɱϹٵġҪ߼սʿֻΪǣʹáϹٶɱˣԸ߼սʿɱһˣ߼սʿܾãһɿ߼սʿ߼սʿܼս
ʮ߼սʿһֲͣھܡԷֳЩԿʮ߼սʿ
ϾҪСģ뿪սʿȦԶߵһƬ޵
ƬУϾڵġ仰˵Ƭ޿ռһ˿ǳ΢ı仯ϾԵĻӦ
ҹ򣡡һȣӰǽϹٹΧڡ
ϹȻֲҲкܸߵǻۡԵŭټԽԼΧ̻ʮ֧Բƹ
Ӱ
ϸĵγɵþԵٶȲ̫Ӱ죬ɾͱܿ˼ʮ֧Ĳơ
ϹټԼĹܿƺЩŭˣһΣ֧һɨԡ
Ҫ֪ϹٹΧڣܣǳġռ䣬Ͳ󣬶ϹķֳǿȥûпŲƵˡοϻ̺ǿĵ
ϣб׽͵ɨһд߶֮γɵĽ⣬׼Ĵ͸趯
һ˲䣬Բ˼ĽǶȣٴαܿĲơ
һ⣬նɢϹټûʲôӰ죬ԵΪϹٸӵķŭˡӴһƬƣžԸǹ

СǴ㵥ɱϹ𣿡ݺˣܿ趯֮־ԵӰ
Ƕʮ߼սʿҲھԸΪϹٵԸԣԸ߼սʿǺɵӡ
ĴϹټ㲻ǳ壬ҲһܶԸġҪɵϹ٣óǧ˺սϣԽ᳤Цһ˵
Щͷǣ˵Ϲ١ҲˣϹ١
ԳϹУǵ⣿Ž˿ݺͽԽһƽĺû˵
ԼթӦбĿġڵ˼˵
ʲôĿģǡŭϹ٣Ϲٽ󲿷ֳ޷ŵϣǿҲ֮£ᱻɡ˾
ЩˣԾǺ޵ˡ


2595 Ե
Ϲٵ
ֻҪԲݻ٣ϹپͲԹȻնһЩ֣ϹֻҪһЩ޵ߵľѪܽʧȥĴ³Ϲٻָˡ
ҲΪʲôϹѶԸҪԭ
֮޵ɱϹ٣Ψһеİ취ǿ˺սĥ
ھһϹɱߵľͷǿû̫塣һˣն϶֣
Щͷô룬ȫעϹٲɱϹٵŭϵ𽥵ķ˶ԺɳǵĹϹҲ˾ԵǿʶܳԵôͿԳɳø졣
ʵ̫̫ˣǾԣҲ޷ȫܿʱ򣬸߼սʿˡʵڱܲնϵԱø߼սʿֱײȥֱײͿԻһЩռܡ
и߼սʿסʱ򣬾Ҳʱնϣսʿػɡ
ַϹٲɱ˺һᣬûΣա
ݺˣѾ̫ìԺɳǷ˵Ĵιɪꡣɫ˿꣬ɫϵ޴ҵ촫ܡɳǣУһƵ𶯡
ǣɪûܻӵı㣬˺һӣӺָֻܿˡʦţڶʦṩԴԴϵ
Ǿ޴ģΪ۱ṩǿܺҪڵھʯʹ̫ìͬˣһҪĺԴ
ɳǵĵ۱ǿ
ǰ̫ìҲֱƿɳǵ۱ķ
ɳǴԴ¶ൽ󲻵ƴĵĻȻҲ£ⳡսҪȥˡ
ľͷǣźɳǣ˵
ƴԴжǿʮһȻǲºɳǡǰڣɳǴսˡǣ뽫ⳡս̫áǽһ嵽ɳ⣬ⳡս
ĵߣЩԪռĴǣҲɳǺ;ԡҪȻߴɵҲὫԼ̫ìݺʹá
Ҳûʲôõİ취ˣɳǵĵ۱Ȼóǿйƺɳǵķڹǲġ˵
ϧҲܿϹ٣ҪȻϹٺ̫ìϣܹƺɳǵ۱ķˡݺһϧ˵
ϹǺųģѾˣݺҲѲܡ
Ҳ޴һ˳嵽ǰ棬ΪԼעڳڵľԶУȴû뵽ߵϾʵҲôǿ󡣡̾ĵ
ԪռһЩ˶벻ǸϹٽĴˣ϶ϣܽϹٵһջֽ֪ǿ϶ὫϹٽʹáĿǰΪֹϹٶûսзʲôá
䣬ϹٵĲƫԭλáƫܻü˶ûע⵽
ֹ£ǺգʵϾûгֹΡڰеϾҪ֣ǲ˵Σˡ
ԾøһԱ۾һϹٲɱƺǡڽϹӰ
ףȻܻȸտʼʱѾӽ˺ܶࡣ
ûûˣ⡭Ŀģ뿿ϹԸһʼôġǻ²ΪҪϹ٣ڿȻľ
øļˣע⵽ս־ֲı仯һЩ˼Ϲ٣ǺųԸԺͺɳǵģھȴϹҪԸ
һ̫ìɳǵĵ۱˵֮ǰϹپͲǺԶԼŭϹ䲫ɱ̫ԣϹٽӽ
ʱݺ˾Ȼûзһ㣬ǻûиõİ취ƿɳǵ۱
ֻǡϹٵĳ޶ϡϹУϹҪĿ϶԰ʱдǿ߲סϹٵĹ¾ͲˡøĴʦü˼˵
ԣ˵ͷϹ٣Եԡ


2596 ˮ
ϹٵĳޣھԵϣϹٱҲԵԡĻ㾰ԽϹٴм䣬ϹǻὫΪĿꡣ
øʦ֣ƵǸʱԸ
øȺȻ˾Եͼûиݺκѡʱǣͺǲ޹Թߡ
ЩԶΧ۵޵ߡðߣǾ͸ע⵽ԵĿˡ̸۵ģҪǾԳǿֲֲսԳʵǿ󣬺ɳǵܲսʤһ⡣
ϹٲɱеľԣҲǽעԼʱԵϡ
Ͼ˳ȥɡΣˡԶϾ
ϹټеĹԾһˣϾھԱżһ²ûϹٵĹעҲûܵʲôҵĹ
ãϾ뾰񺣡
ϾǺܸɴˣ֪ҪʲôҲ֪Լܰﵽʲô̶ȡھҪ˳ȥǾӦ˳ȥˡϾǾԵĸ
Ͼ˳Ḷ́ҲǱȽ˳ģм֣ҲӦȥˡϾȫ󣬾ԵĶˡͶʮ߼սʿƶٶȣԱʱӿࡣ
ԭƶݺ˶ûӦɵԼ֮ݺȺͷʶ鲻Ծˡ
СҪʲôݺȵ
ã뽫ϹǵڡԽ᳤١
ӣôĳݺŭɶ󳷡
ˡǾСϹ٣·ˡҡҡͷɫЩҰ
ɶ񣡱ɵĻ쵰ҪҪ֮أݺζҪըˡ
Ȼˣڳľͷ鶼ࡣǸǿһȺˣСϹɱȥĻ֪ǵʧж
Ƿ־ͼʱ̫һЩ㷢֣ü˳ġֻ˵Ǿû뵽ǹϹٵĳ޴ӶϹԸǡ
ԴϹ˹޵ȻҲľ׮ǿӴޱȵʱĴɢĶܡεǣ̫ˣռޡһϹҲռƬռ䣬Ƕܵĵط͸ˡ
ܣ
ÿѾ﹥Χˡ
ģЩ̫̫ˡ
޵ߣ޷뵽˻֮Сǵĺ·붼ϹٵסǵǰǺɳǵ۱γɵļ᲻ɴݷ㡣ǣûʲôõѡ
ǺúһϹٵɱɣЦͳ˵
ѽϹ˱Ƚλá飬ʵҲܼ򵥡
նԴ߶תУͷų֮
һȵĽ⣬ɨܡսʿǣǰﾰ赲ӽ֡
ԻӽٶȺܿ죬ʱ󣬱дֱԽնϡīɫѪҺա
ϹŭЩ
ˣԿ˿ܡ
ΪʱϹٵĳҪϣЩ޵߻㰲ȫ޵߶ûܵϹٵֱӹ
ߣܣһ̺ߵϵķ֮ᵴ
ɵУϢ
˲Ϣ󣬾ԵӰʧƬռ֮ڡһīɫɨǵطȻѾûоԣ谭ľͺɨ˹ȥ
Լյ˲뿪ϹٵĹΧ
ӿʼбȽļƻڿļƻʩеûɹ
ţǾأ
ˣʧˡֻи߼սʿϹٲסˡ
⡭ø߸ˣݵЩʧ
˲Ƶ⡭ôܣ𰡣һ侪е
øˣҲ֪ɱɱǣƲ˼ֿܡĿԣǾԵõ˿ռתƱѸ׷ɱǡøˣҲΪ˲Ƶ
˲ƣɵ۴˲žе
ʱǶƾʧġʧ֮ǰԲûд߶ʲôֻһ˶žԣǻ©ôһžԣǽ˿ռתıǾԲ˵۾
һֻһͣɳǳԣ˲Ƶ
˲ƳϹٵĹΧϹٵĳ仹ھԵϡǣܣʱдζʳﴥֿɼ


2597 ް
һֿɵñضǵʳһζȴô׳ԵϹҪѡⲢѡ
˲뿪ϹٵĹΧϹҲԶ˶֣Ȼ˾ԣתʼԸеһȺȺ޵ߡ
ÿһɵĹסһ޵ߡЩϲε޵ߣǿԼҲ㿪ֻԼ壬ǧ̴͸
һЩ𾳽޵ߣֻҪ΢һ˿˿Ҳᱻ̺סѣǾͺˡЩҪնǷǳѵģ߼սʿһȥҲֻһ̫˿ڡ
ҽţţ
һȺͷӬĴҴܡ֮һЩʵǿ۷޵ߣʱҲϾ˼µ޵ߣҲӦ޴ڵīɫ֪һסҲһᱻϹٻ
ҺޣҺްݺĿѡ
Լ´Ⱥ޵ȺͷУɲݺҪѪеľͷһȫȫ
Ļ쵰˲Ƶ˾۾Ѫȭͷ
ҪԴšԽ᳤ֱ۶ڲ
һս඼Լļҵװˡÿһ඼ǽ𾳽ɫ޵ߴˡ
ʱ˿̣´޵ϹٵСһУΪԡ
׺ʼɣסɽϹٵĹΧֻΧɱЩѳȥԱһ׼Ĵܹܰ׺
ھϹ֮ǰԾѾ԰׺÷׼
ʱİ׺ģ˵ķʲôΪʲôϹǺɳǷĻᡣֱ˽Ϲλã׺һ׹
ļ
û뵽ǺųԭǶԸɳǵϹ٣ǳΪǺɳǷɱǿ
ǣ׺񼤶Ӧ
ǴŴɳǵǿǣɱӴܵԱ
᳤̻챯ڵλþѣϾԵĶ
ĴԱһЩӳϹٵĹΧǵȴǵģǺɳǡ̻ỹ챯ǿߵɱЩԱʧ֮£޷֯ЧĵֿһЩ۷еһǿߣпܱɳǵͨ۷ɱ
Կս
һսеһЩɡϹ٣úɳǡ̻챯ڵ޵Ƚ͡а
޴᳤ҲȺԣԾܹϹԸǺ𣬵ǼӰ˺ɳһæ
ȥаʧ̫ˣϹ٣кɳǷǿߡǵˣ¾˫ü
޵ȷʵǷǳǳ࣬ǿơٶ࣬Ҳİ
ҾûѡֻܸɵϹ١˾ҵ˾Ŀ˵
ڵȥӣɳǷ޵ߺϹγϣߵֿɱӡߣǰл˲áȥܻŻˣʮ֮һûС
ͬ˾飬ûбİ취ˡ
ҲôãֻƴһϹˡ
ͷǣ׷ͬ˾
ʵˣƴϹ٣ǽܾȫû˺սƴϹ٣뻹ܱһȻܱΣҲûа취еİ취
ްݺʲ죡
ֻˣݺѵĵ˵ͷ
ͨ䴫ȥԱ湥Ϲ٣ֽϹٸɵںɳǷˣӦǲϹٵĹΧٲõĸܵе
߲еָӽɫĸĳԱЩ۷ǿߣʼ£ӣϹչ棬𽥴ӻұ
Ϲ٣Ͼǳ塣ڵϹ٣Ҫ֮޵ߵĹǷǳġȻ̳ͨ޵ָ˵ٶҪԶָٶȡ
˶ƣ˳ϹٹΧڵӣסţǾͣնһ֣ϹٵĺĴλýӽϹٵĺĴԣǱܱġҪӽֻǽĴȫնϡ


2598 ֮
ɳǷ޵ߣϸظ߲û˽뵽ϹٵĹΧڡ
ʱʧأ˳ϹĥҲܱ泬ʣ޵ߣǻȺɳǷ޵߶಻١
ɳǷ޵ߣϾֻн̻챯ټϼһһʮʮ֮ࡣ
ȻˣһսȡʤҲȻԪˣ֪Ҫָ²ֲľͷڿʼʱ⣬֪ɳǵĴսкܴʧڵʧǳǵԤڡ
ˣô죿׺źɳϵڶǿߺʾԡ
ԭصȴ˵
ǣ׺Ӧ
챯ڵ޵ߣǼԭأȱŻصڡԴ챯ڵ޴
ͬģҲ᳤̻
޺ʾԵĿģֻ˵ոδ
ڶ۷޵ָ£شϹ١ǣȫסšڵοɵϹƺֻʱˡ
Ȼʧ޴󣬵Ŀǰʧʱ
޵ߣܼľһ𣬸ϹĺǣѾʤ⡣
ʱ򣬾һεʹ˲ƣϢӽȥӰڿռٴ¶ʱѺܽˡ
СҪʲôݺע⵽˾Եٱ仯
ϣѸϹٲɱеǿߣСľԡ
ǸʲôαӲˡøԱҲžԣһ˵
ǾԿ϶ǲϣϹپôӦ룬Ϲٱɱ֮ǰһЩƻʧһЩøʦֵ
ʦ֣Իһ˿ʦ֡
Ҳ֪һսڣǷת䡣˭뵽ųϹپǱ˺ɳǵİ֡Ϊԡʦҡͷ
ᣬɱһЩԱɣһˣɱ٣òĳԱ˸
ʹ˲ƽӽƬռûмȥԭأƬ̺ͻȻеı׽
һɫ׹⣬ڽ뵶ܶߵɫ׵硣
ȥɣԽȫһ̱ŷ
Եͳ
֮ԴУΨһȺɱУ
ԴӾ󣬻δùһȺɱУҲһֱûʹáΣһʹ
ͷųžԵĿ񱩡֮䣬һž޴׵ˡ׵գ񱩵ϢţڷǳңԶĵط׵ܸ̺ܵĻ־
ΧϹٵʶ̧ͷա
ǣ׵ַΧڡǣԷǳĸܵǿֲʱή١
ʲô
ÿµ׹⣬
ô죿޵ߣոȶҪʧˡ
ݺȾͷǣɫòҰס
ģôʩչݺ첻֪ǵڶٴˡ
֮Դ첻ʲôءǿʢʱһЩĳԱл֮Դġңɵ۵ʱҲûù֮Դһ
֮ԴеȻҲк֪ܶһóʲôӡݺ죬ʶ
ˣ˾Щˡ
ľͷǣ󲿷ִʱ˵ˣֻܴĿԽԽǿԽԽܼɫ׹⡣
˵ʱʱ죬Ӿʩչγɫٺգۼ顣
£ۼĵطΪɱϹ٣ÿ֮ľ붼ܽʩչṩõĻᡣȺ幥̫ĻɱȻͻ֮½
ɫ׵磬ٶʵ̫ˡܶ˶ûӦѾɫ׵СʵС޵ߣѾ߶ϵķȻ޷סɫ׵ܡԿֱܼ۴ɫ׹£һЩ޵ߵֱӾͱ˻ҽͬϵĸֱҲһͬݻ١
׹ʵֲ̫ˣһЩ۷徳ǿߣҲ׹Ĺ
ĺҵʱ䡣̺ϢŽʧС


2599 
еľͷˣ
ԶΧ۵޵ߣĿɿڴ
øλڣҲһʱԡ
Եһ롣һ׿ɱ˶ǿߣͶ۷ε޵߰
ľվи߲ǿߡ
Ȼܼɫ׵֮£һжɢˡŵˣڴϢšţкܶǱشҪʹõҩˡ
ɢĺʱڣؼ䶼Ƿǳġ
š
·Ԫռڡ

ԪռС
챯˺Ӱɵ۶һۡ
һõá뻯챯˵뻯֮ǰͣһ£ƺѰҴݡ
Ⱥ幥ʽ˭֪һɱʮڤվε޵ߣҲ̫ˡ
ʵҲȷʵˣҪ֪ԿɲɵۣΡ
λСѣ氡Ӱɵգգ۾
СһӺųϹٺƺ˰ɣǽϹУȻʹ˺սɱϹ١Ҫ˶ɱϹ٣ǿ϶ǻ᲻ϵľ£Ǿ£һ̶ʱԱһųȥ챯ĵ
£㾰˲ܵмȥͷҲɱǧ޵ߡϾĹΧҲн޵ġ
ţһĻǱߵ޵ԱȾͲռˡӦ˵Ǵơټϣŵˣкܴһֶ޷ӳȫʵˡһսͿøˡӰɵ۵˵ͷǰĻ档
ԪռڣעɳǴսģɲ챯˺Ӱɵһ
һطҲмӰڿԻɳǸ档
ʹɱʮƵ޵ʱ⼸ӰǵϢ˺ǿҵı仯
ҵ١еһΡӰеͺһ
ɳϹ٣ɵһЩֶúõġ
Ϲٺ˺ɳǵɵҲʼδġû뵽ô졣˵ӺϾɱ󣬽ȫˡ
٣٣ߣǸ٣Ҳᷢչһһɭɭɵۣɨ˶ɵһۣǲõĵ
ô֪ǸݺôûãǺǣĵ۱ʹãȴɳǶƣɵط༥
˵ģߴɵۣ̫ìʱݺС
㡭ߴɵۼҪ̲ס
λ˵һɣλɵ۲廰Ǿ翼ǽôŪɣҿøмСһҲøλôģ
λɵۣ˾ҵ˾Ϊľɵۣ¥λ˽鼫
øλһЩʲô˭֪ߴɵɫȻѿ
컯־ΪҪС֣ڵڷʱûɱɵҧ
귨죬ӻԪռɵ۹ԣǳֵɵۣɵۡ¾ɵ۵ġ

ɳ⣡
ۣ
һȭͷСɫ壬ͻȻǰ׹·ռɳȻһܿռݱѡ
Ϲ٣
ԵǴĹԱɱˣϹٶǱ֪жٴΡϹֲµľĹ
ֻȻǾԵҲûܽһϹɱ
ʱˡȭͷСųʱơռ䣬صԪռ䡣
ţ̾͸ӦϹٵϢ
ʶģһɨ˹ȥϹٴռ֮ϡһ̣ҲʧȥϹٵټϹ٣뿪졣
Ϲ٣ɱ⻹ǳϹ٣ǳ塭ҡҡͷϹɵͬһεĴڡ
֪ԼһȻնϹٵĺĴϣûлԡ˵ԪռϹ٣š
ɱ
ɱںɳ쳹춯ء
ɳǡ̻ᡢ챯ڻмһǿߣǶչȫĽɱʱ˿̣ȫûеֿ˼ˡкܶˣֱӷ˵ֿһֻߡ
ܣ
ڵڼʱʱڹɳǵսˡ
ǡҲɣ˿ˣֿ˿ݺ죬ڵ
һûʲôʧԭǹ¼ҹһսˣҲûܵӰ죬ȥǡ


2600 սʮͷ
ȥ
иľͷһ㡣ˣɵ۳֣κ˶ܰˡ
ս֮ǰݺʮĵġޱǿле۱̫ìԼе׵Ľɳǻ塣
ʱݺ쿴׷ɱļԱһƬհס
ݺûлӦĻڳҲûлӦ
ٲ߾ˡǾСϾͻŴǿɱһҲͣˣЩĨֱߵ
û㣬߰ɣԼŽ˵һ۵
һսУ˪ҲʧСȻ˪޵Ǻܶ࣬ڵ۷ǿߡŽҲû뵽һսݱľ档ʱȻҲ˵ʲôĻݺˡ
˪ʧһЩǿߣڣָݺµǺлˡǣǵ֡ͱڵľԣ͵򡣶ûо֣ҲͲлٴ
ðɣλҾһ˹˹֣׼뿪
Ҫǰռȴ΢֡һ̣ɫ۵ľֳԣס˵ȥ·
ֿԳԼǰɫʱ䡣
֣˵´ټ㣬ɱ㡣û˵Ļ¡ȿ˵
ǰƹʱһлӡһǾԳ˵״ʦʱͶԵ˵´μڡ
ԣʲôе
Ǳ⣬ôԼֳ裿ֻû뵽ȻˣҰܵúܳס
ɱ㣡һ򣬶Ǵ߷һնȥ
Ҫ񣡡ݺֳ̫ìһɫƣԴ
ľͷҲ׷ҪԾԳ֡ԽɱֵλãЩͷܽǶ÷УֱӶԾչȻˣҲŵھԵС
˶ԾԳֵĻᣬȫĴ߶Ӵܡ
뿪ΣյĵطҪȥ

ڵɳһξƬռڣһţϾ¶ɫ䵶˵ؿڡھʧ֮£ֱһͷײϾ䵶ϡ
Ͼɫ䵶ӵڳصʱͬʱҲ˵ֵʵȺҪһϾС
ݺ˼ɱŭĵͺǶԾԣչΧݺеĵ۱Ȼֻܴ߶䲿ܣ۱ǸԴ˼в۱ĺɫƣҲҽӽ˿ɣǺɫ׽Լ˺ѳء
ƬռڣвʮҶ۷Χһˡĳ棬ǡ
ԣʵǿزˣøʦ֣Ҳ˫Ŀ
巨ܲ޵Ҳǿ󡣡һ˵
ʮΧɱʱǾԾûдơһдž̾
ݺȶʮǿɱ˲ǹûġû˲ƵĻǾҲסô۷ǿһؽһصĹ
˶ǿΧ£ҲûֽзɱЩ˶۷弶ľͷÿһʵǳǿеɱǲ࣬еĿܱȺɱǻ΢ǿһЩҪɱ޵ߣҲܰ쵽ġοлˡ
ԵȻֻһսϾڸɵȥӰϾȻӽΧԵȺ۷ͷͬʱ᳤޴۷ǿҲڴ
ϾȷԼĹĿ꣬˽лһһ䡣Ͼ׼һγ֣͸ɵҲҪشϢļûκεӽ
ɣҪӰˣ
Ͼ׼ˣҪԻֵʱһͺ෽
֪ʲôʱǺø߸ˣǵ˾뾰ͷִԶĵطˡڵˣһóһº󣬶Ͼصλûһ¡֮һǿƥڴ˲ϢӵϾڵλá
Ͼæתֵ
ס˴ӰҲ޷ڿռ¶˳


2601 ˴
øԱڽϾӰбƳ󣬲ûмϾ𷢶еĹӳҲûջأԳкǰ
ݺڼҽ֣֪սȦⷢ顣ͷžһ
øˣվǳˡ
Ӻø򣬾Ծһֱܰġ֮ǰĲɱУøԱʼԹ۵̬һΪǿûĿġںø˳ˣȻֻǿֵġ
ݺ˼ø˳סϾ𣬶ɵľܡøȻ٣ÿһͨ𡣶ңøĸλɵ۴ˣһֱ졣˵λһͷܴӺø˲Ƶɳǡ
øĵѣĪҪһս𣿡û˵ոոϵ챯޴ȿˡ
ʮ챯ǿѵ˸˵ʱĿ⿴źø߸ˡ
ø߸ˣ໥һۣϱ鵭Ȼ΢Ц⡣
ͿȥĴʦֿ˵˴ˣɳʤȯգֺαظϾɱأ
ʦֻδ䣬᳤ҲŽ̻ǿļ޵ߵִ
᳤һۺøˡ
ЦôΧԳһˣǲ֪߳ܣ
˵仰᳤ֱӴŽ̻ļǿ𣬳ݺˡ᳤ǽ̻ǿļÿ˵սǴﵽ۷һˮƽȻЩ˿ܶ޷ͷȣ֣ܲסһľͷġ
᳤ˣеĽԽ᳤սһ
᳤˼ռȫøǿ޵ߣɫһ䡣
ҺøĻǷƨ𣿡⿴ȥһЩ޵ߣȻȵ漴ҲȡһӵĳȥڱƳϾõĹӳһ
᳤ʵǿգ̣˺øԱ˵ֳֳȥ
֣ͽ뺮øʱ˵ҪһЩ
޴᳤ҲٶȿøʦֵøȷҪһս𣿡
ž⣬øʦûֱӻش𣬶˵ʲô˴ķϻ
øȷʵҪһսǣʦҲǺø˼øʦֶЦЦ
ǺǣҾͺˡΪʲôստʼʱûȥҪȵڣЦ˵
˵ˡǺøκˡøģֻǳںøĿǡøʦֿ޴˵
˵ʱǸĺøԱѵ᳤ֱеĹ
нԽ֣ȻҲԼӰˣܿ˽Խһȫĵֵĳ
䣡гռڴһ졣
᳤Ӱͱҷ˳ȥȥȫͲһĴڣͺǴһŰ꺢ͯ߳ȥһ᳤Ƕ۷壬Ȼ뽭ԽʱûȫֵĹһĻĳ֣Ҳ̫ˡҪ᳤֪ʵǺࡣ
һҷɳȥ᳤סֻѪ϶ƲסɫȻҲǷǳѿ
ÿֲûκεĵֻǴøˣȻ봫еһ᳤𾪣ǽĺøԱ
᳤ʵȻǲġûȥ׷վԭأЦЦĿ
ߣһӰȥ
Ʋ죬ĿЩм
üһС
Կˣʵǿ档һҷ᳤ƺûȫԸ᳤ֳһӣºΣա
Сɣ
СϷ
ݺˣҧгݼΪ׺ҹžԣлϽҪԴ֮Ļ˺һᣬҲûþԵ¡
һܼĹ֮£ٴʹ˲ơ˲ƣȫΪ˶ݺ˵ϹһĿġٴγֵʱѾԶõ˳᳤ǰ
Ҳû˵κηϻб׽ֱӾͶ̳м֮ڽϻŻһƣ˵ǾԲǿ幥ˡ
һɫ׹ǲŲæ̧йӳĳһˣ׼ޱȵĵڽǰˡ


2602 һ
ֳֹӳɫͻȻ䡣
огΪӿȻѾ׼޷Ƶĺˡֱ͵𣬹ӳϣһɫ·ɫ·ǵơơ
ԵĻ֮⣬㹥ɫ·ÿһɫ·ܱήͲ֡սɫ·Ҳ֮ɢڽɫ·ʱ˵ġֻ֮ʣһЩʱ˳˺Զһξ롣
סĿȴǱһ⣬žԡĿУսǿҡ
ã
ǺɳǵĳԣΪ̵һ𣡡
ǿ۽硣ԳҪĴһ
¡¡
˵ʱ˾ҵļ˾ûԣһ˵һһ¹ӳһǽ˾˳ȥ
ʦܣҪԻûӦսǺøʦ־ɫúһ䡣
ʦֵĻɫ΢΢һ졣ĿУЩ޷뾰սһֲҽʦһ߲ܲˡ
ھʩչ󣬺øĴʦ־ͽӵ˺øĴԣø˲ŻֹԵ˼ɱݺˡ
øˣʵǡźø˰ǵĸڣǶ޵ֻ֮ǰһɣڿġǿףĹûκεϡֻǣֻǿ̶ֳأҲֳԾģ˼⡣
ĹУһķǺǿ𼶷ǼˣֻеĻǿҲ൱һ۷޵ߣܻ硣ȴ־ܻɶ۷ǿߡ
࣬δҲ̫һЩ
Ҫ֪޵ߵǿϢϢصġ֮о춯صֻ֡һ˵أ
Ҳ벻ͨ
ǣø˾һ㡣һǿЩ۷ǰֵһᡣ
Գһս㵽˽ɣøʦֿ˵
ҲŶԷʵҲں˫ʵԱȡøһܺɨ۷ˣԷ߸ˡҲ֪ʵǷӽԼߣϾޡ׺⣬һͲٸ߼սʿ
ɱ
ҲжϣǻжʮҶ۷Ҳݺˡ
һսǺɳġе뵽򣬹ҺɳǡڣøȴҪҾֹͣˣǲǸøһɣԿźøʦֻ˵
Գʦû˵ʲôɡʵϣʦҪԳֹսǵһҪˡҪҪԳøʦҡҡͷ˵
øĵѣɳǻľɱôˣݺҪѪծѪߣ⾰Сֹͬͣսͬأݺһ׶˵
ݺҲԼ˼ġ
øˣȻ˵ǰҲǰκˡǴøڰߵġΪø˲ֵĻôȺɳǵڶǿ޻һȵȶˣǾݺ컹ڡЩˣܴ󲿷ֶӲ
øڰԸɳǡ
칬ȷͬʹͣսøʦЦǺǵĿݺ졣
ͬ⣬СѪծѪݺŭ
ðɣȻˣǾ͡øʦֺһ
ҲһӹӣֻλʦŹӣĶݺôһҡݺ죬ǷһҽУԴֱӾڿռڱ
ײУ
øʦЦеĽйӳͺʲô鶼ûһͷһסղݺ˵ҪѪծѪʱʵԽ˾Ҳ˵ġֻǻûü˵Ǻøʦ־óӸݺôһӣݺ칬ԴͺһöҰҿˡ
̫ˣ
Ե˿һĻͷҲǼøʲô˼˵ǰȻʣʦְݺԴˡø
ҲǷ֪ݺʵݺսǼǿģǺøʦǰȴǱһɱˡԼһ岻ԼҲ̫ܵס


2603 
ǿ仹Щһ䣬ǵΪ챯޴ҪǿһЩȺҪǿôһ㣬޴ݺ콻֣ݺҲ׵顣
ЩͷÿһֶΡҪʱɱǣǾ͵ÿһЩѹǵʵ
ݺ챻Ǻøʦһίʵڳ˶ݡ
øҪʲô
һΪøԸɳǵģλøĴֱӰݺŪˡ󡣡
øǰøѵͲλɵ۴˶ŭ̫λˡ

ԶЩսߣʱȻû뿪ǻԶ﷢һС
ںøʦֻɱݺ󣬽Խ᳤˾ˣһսøһݺ죬ȻҲһЩˡɵ۴ڵģǾûɵ۵ģڱûɵۡ
Ԫռ䣡
ߴɵϵЦݽסˡ
źøֹԵȺɳԱʱߴɵۡľɵۻǸɵۣҲΪøվߵġľɵۻжɵأάߴɵۣ˵øĸҲǸߴɵһЩӵġ
λɵĻߴɵ۵Ȼֿ˻÷ǳӡ
ɻ꣬ø˾͸˸ӭͷȡǺøĴʦֱ֣Ӿͽˣֱڴȫǲӵġ
øĸߴɵҲˣһøȴˣߴɵܡеŭȼգֱӴ콫ǺøĴʦָˡ
ջûȥ졣ΪηºøĸλЩɵǲһġһ㲻һߴɵ۵Ҳ˵̫øԳڣЩɵκһɵ۶֮ܳСһдʱ䳬һ̶ȣȻף컯־
мɵ۵Ӱǲûԭġ
øˣʲô
øôģ
ľɵۺǸɵ۶˿ߴɵۣв޵˵
ʱ򣬺øλʦȴǶ˵ߴˣ̫ìǻȽøʲôʱٻ죬뵽øȡ۱
Ȼøʦ仰Ƕߴɵ˵ģ˵Է֪ߴɵڻԪռźɳⷢ顣
øʦֵĻߴɵɫɷףֱǸһ˿Ρ
ߣߴɵͻȻ䣬תȥѾȥˡ
Ѿˡȥøȡ̫ì
øʦֶ˵Ǿ仰¿ԡ
ԳԪˣЩеǿ˴㻹һЩţǶԺɳǶ򶼲ʲôвˡԣһս˽Σøʦ΢Цžԡ
Կ˿Խ᳤ˡ
еȳǿеЩһȷʵѷʲôˣǽԽ˻ţһܸʲôԺǸҵɳ£ɳǵսʿΧɱЩˡ
Գøͬһ㡣øĸ֮ڡ߸ˣǻӦǱĸԣһս˽ҲǿԵġ޴˵
΢
ǸĺøԱֿ֣øʦһݺ졣˫Ǻɳǵ޵ǵܶ࣬ջδȡҪĽԵҲͬսˡ
Ÿ˵ͣսǺøĵһҪ󣿡Կźøʦ֡
ûͣսǶԾԳĵһҪ󡣺øԾԳ㻹еڶҪ󡣡øʦִݵЦݡ
˵Ŀ
ڶҪǣԳˡʦҪԳ֪ܲһʲôĵط򵥵˵ǾԳԶ޷ٻصԪˡøʦ˵
ţɫ΢䡣
ȷʵǵһ˵ط
ʲô޴ɫ䣬һôУˣʲô˼Գѵʲôط˸𣿡
޴֪ʲôطӡķӦԲʲôõطĵطǺøʦҲ˵ˣԺ󣬲ٻصԪ֮⣬ȥͲٳˡ
ʦ˼ûءһøԱɫ


2604 ܾ
ǿӲ
⸽ˣһվ۷Ĵڣ
ɳǵľԡϾһ׺챯ڵ޴ʮλǿߣн᳤̻ˡС˾ȵǶǿˡ
ɴʱ
Ժø⼸˵ʱȴһУһֱǿѹĦСԣĵ׶һЩΡ㹻ʵ뺮ø˶һøĴʦ֣Ҳ˵벻ܡǣԷ߸ˣԼҲڶܵԷˡ
ңøսǴִԸ߼սʿɱȵǿ̫ˡԾãǸһӱϵһ߼սʿ
ˣǽɵۡ˵ĺøд˵ĵǣƺҲδʲô˵顣ͲףԳʲô飬øҪԳȥ᳤Ҳ壬һݺĺøˣҲҪΪ˵
᳤ø£Ҫָֻšһˣƺ𣿺ǺǣҪɱ㣬ʱҲˡЦһ᳤˵
㡭ɫһɷס
ڱһ˵ʱлЩģԵʱ׼ٳǾԿǿ֮ǰһԵһ᳤֪Ŀ¡Գжǿ᳤Ȼ֪ǿһʮҾͷֵĴڡԳֻһ˶ûܻˡɴ˿ɼʵǿ
ԣĳҲûʲôñġ
ϾվھߣĿŶ溮øˡ
Ͼû˵κλԻ뾰һġҪԥ¶ԷԶԼʵʱ׼Ųɱеɫ䵶һֱУڵʼת
Ҫȥȷʵط˽⡣ҪȥϸǾʲôطԿڵ
Գȥ޴ȿڵ
һ˵һԪ͵֮ǰʹڵġȥˣûлģһûСʵϣԪ򣬾ûκһȥȥˣǱǿзġ޼˵
Ǻǣ˵ģȷġøʦЦ
Ŀ
ԭôһطǺøҪԼȥ͵ǽԼȥ
Ҵӷ죬򣬴ɳǡʣδеøĵطҲδʲô캦Ķ¡ҲףøΪҪȥͳɤ
Գ⻰׼ȷǵʦֻҪȥǽȥʦҪܻţøʦҡҡͷ
ԳҪɣʵȻǿԳ֣Ҳɱ㡣ʦУ㲻ʲôʦҪֺα˵ôࣿøʦֺȻ˵
ʦ֣Ҳ̫߿λԳ˰ɣ֣ɱΪȻĵ
ղűһˣ뾰ԴսһģֻǱʦֺֹˡ
ʦܣҵĻ޿šԳʵȷʵһܱȡûе𱮣ʵϵܱȡ𱮵ֻ˵ڻ˺ܺõӡ˵ʵһǿò˼顣ǺǣԳһɲȫûûøʦĿһ۵
Ҳ˵ˣǰʦֵⷬҲʶʵȷʵˡǺøǿһҲġ
øҪ;ȥɳߵ˵ȻͷءǱߵˣһаˬֻǣҲǲұֳ
ǸҡˡѴҡͷܾ㺮øĵڶҪ
˵仰󣬺ɳǷ޵뺮ø߸֮䣬նʱһ䡣
ҪȥʲôôλóҲòܵʵɣø߰ȫϢ
ҪְøʦֶԾԵľܾҲûô⣬ֻЩʧӡ
øˣҲǷ׷ȡӳ߸Уǿȫһĳ
øɳǣҪˣ
ǡ֪Щ᲻Ҳ֡
Ӧûɣǿ϶Ҳɱɳǵǿߡ
ǡ֪ٸ߸ϵĴȥԺ޷ΪһˡԶ˵Χߣ糱


2605 
øˣ뾰˾׶š
øĵѣǷҪǳְæ˾ҵļ˾ʱڡ
Ȼźøʦһݺ˾˶ľ˾ҵ˾ڻԪռ䣬˾һġ˾ңɵۣ
Խ᳤ˣʱͲҿڶ˵ʲô
ø£Ҫǰæ𣿡ɨ˾һ۵
֮воǧ֮䵭һֶ˾ʵӡ
˾һ죬Щŭ⣬ҲұֳǼȻڻԪռ䣬ɱϾʱߡǺøһûܻߴɵ۴˲ҲڻԪռ䣬ݺһˡ
᳤뺮ø֮ĶԹûν롣ԣ뿪ɣԿλǿ˵
øˣֻȥʲô˵ף̻챯ڶûʲôϵԣҲûҪǿԼԸø
Գǿ𣿡᳤ӵ۵
λ᳤Ϊʱ˳ʵҲָʲôǱۼˡǣǼҪ뾰ԹͬԺø
Գض˵ޣҲ̺øǿߵ޿Ŷ溮ø߸˿˵
лˣԸм˵
ǺǡøʦЦôͱֺøˣ
ৣ
øʦ֣ȻӶйӳ
Ӷʱɿڳܣʵһ㣬۶ɿǣȻͬһ֡ռ޷ܵĿռ䣬ϵѿ
ƣȵŷгХ
׽ϣ硣ڹеĴ߶֮£֮ƾˣ֮УɫŻ۵׹ܹͬ˸̺ܵĻ֮⡣
ԣǶ˺øʦ֡
ͬʱø¼ҲǱϮɳߵģ޴᳤Դǿ뺮ø˲һһϾˣֶԸһøˡɳǵļʮ߼սʿһǿսΧסһøˡ
ɳǵĸ߼սʿԵ޵зǳǿɱǶԺøִɱСöˡԣʮ߼սʿΧסһøҲÿսά֡
󣬺ɳǵİ׺ܹܻһЩ۷壬Ҳһøսһ
Ļø߻һûж֣ųĿɨһսȦƺѰҺʵսȦ׼롣
飡
¡¡
˫սһǼΪǿҡ
ø⼸ˣһʵ̫ǿˡ뺮øʦֽ֣ҲǾﲻѡ֮ǰҲǴδߣʵǿ̶ֳȡһôܴﵽ̶ֳȣһ˵˿ֲģ
޵ߣսʱҪǽͨԷ͸ϵļǿ֮ĺȡ޵ڴǵʵǱȽġ
ԳΪԪһˡھԳճ֮ǰϷһֱã޵߳ɾޣɵۣһȺ½Ŀˡøʦ˺һ棬ɫ׹⻷ƣǾͷŵŻڹ塣
ɫ׹ͨ޵ߣԷмǿķ׹Ҳ͸Ǵݻٷһǻɫ׹ǺøʦֵϲϷøʦȴûܵκιһûбóٻ
øʦֵǿĳ̶ȣ䣬ɵ۲ǻʲôܽݻӲķҪˡ
µҲ⡣ڴ֮ǰҲûߵĸҲǿ̶ֳȡȻҲ𼶵巨ҵȣ̫ˡԿ˵
Ǻǣ𼶵ǵȻСҺøϰɵۼġǵʦ𣬺øһλɵۣøʦЦ˵ȻĴš
սʱ̸⣬֮սޱȼҵġܷԲʮռݶ̮ܳʱû޵ڸˡЩͷ޷սʱǲò˺Զ
ֱ޵Уǵ壬ӦûôǿֻܡԻˣаתͷ


2606 
Ͼһ޴᳤ˣ뺮øԱɱÿ˴ʱɡ
øˣƥ͵ò˼顣
˻ɣ㺮øЩվԭزǹǿܶҪܳʱܽٵ
Ӱɱ
ԼԼóֶΣС֮֮ԴȶԺøʦֶ޷˺ʹûˡ
ûֱӶö岨һߵȻõ͵ȻӰɱԺøʦֵǿȡ
Ӱɱι˳ǽӴ˺øʦ֡
ţøʦҲǸоӰɱĹı΢˶йӳȴǲδʲôٻ
Ҳ˵ԵӰɱδøʦɶӰ졣
ԵͷٴһЩøˣǿò˼飬ƺ㡣
岨ʹøߵȻ
岨ɱǼ侪˵ģ۷޵ߣھԶ岨Ϯ֮ҲܵصӰ졣һЩԽ޵ߣ彫ᱻ岨𲨷֡
岨ܴøʦֺЧˡøʦֵĶԱΣҲ¶ʹɫᣬӰһûм⣬ֱñ׽øʦֵ۾ΪøȺˣǵ۾ӦԵ㡣
ʦСģ
Ҫñ׽̺øʦֵ۾һֱûֵĺøԱҲע⵽һ㡣ֳֳһ̤óס˾ԡ˵ʵҪһЩֳֹӳеı׽壬Ǳ޴ˡ
ǣҲɹ˾ԶԺøʦֵĹøʦǻָٴζԾչ͵Ĺ
ɶ񣡡ջ
Գ깥Ȼ򣬻뾰ԳȵʳǣҲҲøʦĿбŷ⣬ž˵
Կźøʦ֣ҲǲɨղǸԼĺøԱ䱻ˣǲδܵʲôˡҲ˵㾰ٴʹö岨øʦ֣Ǹ˻ǻԼøʦ۾
ϧ֮Դļ޷ʩչʩչһеĻӦԻ˺øʦˡа
֮Դ幥׹ҫŻһмǿʩչѶҲ󡣾ڽ˴ʱ֪ʩչ֮ԴκһУڻʩչĿǰΪֹԶԼʩչжԶ
ʩչѶȣȺ幥ҪѺܶܶࡣ
ʱԶ˵ϣͻȻһ֡ٿǳӯء
ںɳǣǳڵ޵ߣǳ֮޵ߣͬʱܵɱеľԵˣͬ
Ҳ̽Ŀ⿴Ǹط
һӰͻȻ֮ϡ
ǣĿ¶Ծɫ
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߹ɵ۴ˣ׾ܸı䷨̬ģԳ棬һ̶ϣɵ۱ʹŵִܹ취򡣵ͷӣǸı䷨
ͣɣͷӳУ̺һ
·кǿط޷
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ʵڸոռͷӵʱ򣬾ԾЩ뺮øйˡø˳Ϊʦʱǲͷ𶯣ʶס
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ɵ۴˽٣ҵһμɵۡһڣһμɵ۵ϡԭɵ۵ĳҲЩ˲࣬첲һԴ
ɵ۽٣ǺɳǡԳ޵ֿĿˡ٣᲻ֱӳɱ˾Գ
Χ۵޵ߣ˫ĿŹ⣬ɫ


2607 ûʸ֪
ø䳣ס죬޵߼λҲָ
ʵϣǺøĵӣҲѼǣ¶棬չԼʵ
ڶ޵߼øԽ٣ܶ˾λܻԳɱ˾Գ
øҪԾԳһѾˡڸ֮ǰøĵӾѾԾԳˣֻǾԳʵ죬ǺøʦֶܻռһϷ磬øԽٵ
øԳ֣ǾԳȻκλ
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ܣżŤλط֮䣬ƺĳֶš
޴ˣҲźøĸÿ˵ɫޱȵء޴Ϊ챯ڵĵ챯λɵۣ֪һЩںøġ֪챯˶λҲļɵ챯ΪλǲǵĴڡ
ǻԪռĴǣԺøĴη塣
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ԷɵۣǿޱȵɵۡԷԼҲûκΰ취
ԳͷӣҲǺøڣžԣгԵ֡
ˣԹ˹
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ˣ챯ˣ챯ڵ챯ˣһλͰĹɵۡ
챯˾ǴӻԪռ併ˣ
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ֻһС㣬һԪ͵ΰڡĴڣΪҪΪѾأ챯ûΪøЦŭ˵
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øҪ컯־Խ١
ͬʱԪռ伫޴ĽɫԪʱͷŽɫ⡣
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컯ɵȫԪػˡԪҲֽġ컯ɵȫЩ
ȫϸ磡һӰȫࡣ
һɡȫתһۣͷ
ϸԪ͵ˣӦвһҡҡͷ̾Ϣһ˵
һɣҲΪ컯ɵۡԽӡǶһ޶˫ӡʱȫһλ컯ɵۣѹע˾ԡڻ˫ӡʱҲڤڤп˻ԪռĻԪ
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¦ҪԷǡֹǿֹܻԪ򡣡ȫ˵
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ȥ»أһ˫ü˶˵һ䡣


2608 û
һɵ˵ԻܴʱԼ̫š
ǵطίʵ̫ˡ
Ԫ磬Ψһ컯ɵ۶޷յĵط˵ط飬Ԫǿ컯ɵ۶޷֡컯ɵۣҲ֪ڷʲô顣
컯ɵ۶ԣԪУΨһä㡣
ȫɵ¶һ˿Цҡͷǲܵ鰡
ȫϸ磬ǡҲֹ¦һɵ̾
죬ɳ⡣
Եˣɲ֪ڻԪռУȫһλ컯ɵҲڹע
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źøĻԵҲԽԽ䣬øУŭԽԽǿʢ
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ԣ֪ڻԪֻһѡı壬һ硣¦˵
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ֻǼķŭھȴһ⡣⺮ø̫ˣԼϵһУƺһԼڻԪֻǷԷ֪
һ㶼ɣøǿҵԼġԺøʵ϶ܹݻԼġԼĵ¡ĸкӣڼ硣类ݻ٣ôԼںˣŻĻ
·ڳ鴤ϺѪɫ
ڣȻ֪øΪҪԼ
ҪĻߵϾɳЩļҲᱻԴݻ١ԣһˣӦ֪ξһԸһϢԼɵۡţɵšһϮ۵¦۾
˵ʱ⣬Щÿһ䶼·شھԵϡԣԺøƺֻɶԷ׸
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ܻ仯ĻƺԪռơܣһǿѹֻתڵֵѹ
ԡϾŵĿžԣ֣ɫ䵶
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ϾžʧĿ֡ȻתͷøУɲǼ޾ĺ⡣ûԼĺ⣬ʱ˿̣е䵶øԴøȻǸоϾĺ⣬ֻǵһЦԴ˲Ϊ⡣
Ժø˵Ͼֺ⣬ͲںϾ̫ˣøһӣɱϾϾĵӣɱϾ
ϾȥƴԺһ仰Ǿʧ֮ǰ˵ģúûš
Ͼס˳嶯վԭأûøȥ
øʱ챯һۣзһЦ
ţһ粽Ӱʧ˵֮Сʱûаκη򲨶ǿռϵľȴ񲻴ڡ


2609 й
¦뿪󣬺øʦֱȼʦҲ뿪
Խ᳤˾ˣнһ㶼ߡȻɳǳѾɳϵȻΪǿȺɳϵǿٴûʤ㣬Ǽʮ߼սʿͺܾвˡ
ο챯ڵ챯˻û뿪
ԳǱø͵ȥˣ
˵ʲôҲ֪Ǿʲôطʲôõط
ƺԳزˡ
ǰܻزˣɳѾǳǿˣɵ۲֣ûܹƺɳǡǼ۱ķԱɳǵֵĹˡ
治֪øΪҪԾԳ֡
ЩΧ۵޵ߣҲֻܿţ֪ɳǾԳøȥһܲõĵطǸطʲôӵģû֪ˡ
ʵϣ챯Ĺɵۣ˽ҲǺģġ챯Ҳֻ֪ǴһԪһ硣ڻԪռ䣬вɵ۽Ϊ硣
ˣ޴챯ǰ
Գλ͵ûа취Գ𣿡޴챯ˡ
챯ҡͷ
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С˾ҵȵڣɳһսʧأ߰˳ɣЩǿĶһòԼĵ̣ԭǵǲò
ɳǡ̻챯ڻмǿһǿʼϷʤʵǵõ˾󲿷еó棬ֵߵĿȵԴ
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ľƣ𽥵ƽɳȻû˾ԳϾ𣬵ɳǵΪǿʢġУһս󣬺ɳǶƿؽﵽ۷壬ǰɵ

һգӻԪռ䣬һӰٵӰֱӽڡ
λڣһλɵۣ˾˾ҵ档
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ľɵһǵ˺ɳ⡣
һȺϣ졭ǵڣ˾ĶųڵӰ㽫ɳǳ׻𣬰ʮڼƵ顣


2610 ѽ
˾ںɳϷ·ģӴĳС
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΢ϣϷȥɣľɵһȡ
Ҫƿɳǣɱ޵ߡĿо˸ɱŷ
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һӰ֡һӰգ˲Ϣ͵˾ĽǰһĻӰ˾֮ϡ˾壬͵ĵ˳ȥ
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2611 ʯͷľ
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Ԫռ䣬ԼѡҲ̫ӦԪʲôأļͿԼ컯ɣӰɵҡͷ˵
˵Ů洣ԾϾ𡣵վԱ¦Ͼ뿪˺ɳǣͨԪռĽڵ˻Ԫռ䡣ʵ޷ڻԪռ䳤ͣģϾкܶĿҩ
˾¦ǰ棬úܶˡصԪռ󣬱Ҹطչȥˣ˭Ҳ

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ʶڰľԣһЩյļˡ಻һеƵʴԺ
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ģûе֮ȫ޷ʹáĵĳԴ߶򣬿̾ͷ֣ڵ޷
ƺȫһռ䡣뵽øͺøԱĹص㣬ƺһЩ
ãùеáڳԴ߶ʧܺתеֹȫδʧȥ
ȫյġ˵ҲһʵֻǣʱԻʲôΣԼܴﵽʲôΡΪתԾԼߵۼкӵʵ޷̽
ԣҲðȻչֳԼɲյطͱǿߵ


2612 
Ըۼдһ㳡ϡ
㳡ܴ󣬵ԵÿΪкܶۼд󺺽ÿۼд󺺶һʷ羰ˡ
֪Щʷ˶ԼһӦǴʯͷڱҳá
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λˣµĽߣۼкӣϥĶʯҰ޼˵
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شˣֽоԡԻӦ
ʱԾԼǵ͵һΪá룬ҪŪ絽ʲôӡ
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ʯһƴʯƣʯƣһָʯϿٻ˼¡Կʯϳһ֣Լ־ԡ
ţ֤֤ܶˣᱻɱӽдֵʯƶԡ
Խӹʯƣ΢鿴һ¡ʯƣӦþͨʯͷɵģܲκ΢󣬾Խʯʯ˵ʯƶˣ
һҰ޼ӻ˻֣е
ۼкӣٵĽԴ˹㳡һᣬԺۼкһƬªĽǰ͸صŴɿЩªڣһЩӰ֡ÿһªڣӦöв档
СӣԺססˣһʱһºﲻҪ󣬾͵һۼкб۶Ծ˵
Уһڣ뿪벽һȥ֣ҲһۼкӶԾԺȵ
˵仰ۼкӱת뿪
Կ˿ܣЩãȻ
ʱ򣬴һªڣһʷ߳òͨģ˿ԣжӡ
ոս𣿡˳Ծ˵
ǣԵͷ
Լһ飬ӦҲǵ˰ɣ˵һ䡣
ЦЦûлش⣬֪λشӻԪ죬øûĻǱ˴һʯͷڳģΣʯͷڳ࣬ΪߡЩߣԲܶǴӻԪ
Բ²⣬ӻԪˣӦǷǳٵġ
ҽ䡣˽Լ
ҽоԡҲҽܡ
Խߣ㻹ǵǰ֣˵ǰūݡԾЦЦ˵
˵ʱ˴Ӽ©߳ǿžԣľȻ
ūüͷ΢΢һ
ԽߣոսӦץʱ˽һĹءֻһµʱ䣬ԼһºﲻΪ󹤵Ҫǻɱ㡣ȻֻڽʯʱԼֶǡ
ʯ˵ģұڳʯͷ𣿻У˼ƺǡ˱ɱ󣬻ӽʯ½ԴĻУһЩؼϢ
ûǶǴӽʯڽڳһʵȽǿôпܼסԼ֡ʵСǾֶǲסˡĴˣûмǵԼһ֣ƿĴǣһµ֡仺˵
˵ⷬв˶˵ͷȻȷʵܶ˶ǵԼǰ֣ǽ󣬱µ֡
Ҳǽߣʡ
ԣҲǽߣһЩʱ併Ѿʮˣٹ죬ҾҪԡͨˣҾܳΪĿ󹤡ʧܵĻһᱻɱȻڽʯܳΪݣǾܼȥͷ
Ϊ󹤣Ҫü
Ȼģ޷ɳʯǣҪܲɳʯĿ󹤡޷ɳʯˣǲҪġͷҡҡͷ˵
併ߣҪԳһʡ


2613 ǿ
Բǵһºԡ
磬ǽ磬޷ʹáĹضҲǲ֮ʣҪ˽Ϣ
Ҫʿſԡ
ʿԲ˵ʿһʲôΡ
ԽߣߡתĿһ
Ƭªһ棬һʯʱѿʯ֪ʯǺ䣬ǽԴʯ֮ǰ˽Կʯ棬ܼ֡
ϷдС֮֡£дϢܡͨЩܣԱͨ˺ܶࡣ
磬ȷʵڵˣԼΪ硣
磬ԪǽȻͬϵ磬ȷʵκεĵֻдֻߣûе޵ߡ
ϵУʿͼĲΡʿ֮ϣΪʿʿͭʿʿͻƽʿܳԽƽʿô磬ǿˡ
֮ǰԼۼд󺺣ͼͭʿﵽǸΣ͵ūݡ
磬е鶼ͨʯȫūݡūʵɳͭʿūݡ
ϣͭʿǼ๤ԼҰ޼Ǽˣǰʿʯϣʿ²ڻƽʿڿͷ켶ģһ㲻ūǰ¶档
磬ͨʯ½ʵ󣬼ʧǰʵǿߣܼסԼ֡һ飬ͨʯԪ෱ܷʽȻͬ
ʯݽܺ󣬾˺ܶࡣʯϣµĽ˵ΪҪĲЩϢĽܣǰǻ󣬱ɶϵиΪȷ˽⣬֪ʿʿжǿ
Խݿһ飬ȫ䲻ʹõԵʵʵڼǿģɵۡ
Խߣոսһµʱ䡣һʱ䣬ҪȫԼֻдﵽʿ׼ܼȥԺܵõһЩ辫ٵʵվھ˵
ţˡл併ߣԶ买˹֣л˵
ұø֮ǰø˵ܼɵۡɵ֪ʱںδҲ֪ʲôʱܹҵ˼š
ԽߣҾͲˡˣÿʱ֣ʿһЩʳԲά˵
磬޷ǾԣҲҪͨʳάϵĸ߲㣬ҪŬʯȻǸ˽һʱ䣬ԲýֱӶǻһṩһʳ
۾ΪԾԵʵֱ߰ǳһ޻ҲΪ˽ͨһ˽ÿľʵ
ס
ߣƺǿ
ǻƽʿҲƽʿҲǿ൱ڻԪĵΪɣҡҡͷЩ⡣
˽֮ǰԾûƽʿǴﲻ𼶱ҲӦǽӽڿԶԶ߹νƽʿΡĻƽʿһָһˡƽʿڣԼġ
ţֻһǳͼڰɡֵ˵ͷ
ȫյʱ䶼ûõ
ûϱֳǱŵ͵ԪĺøһЩøһλߣøǼӣҲߡǵܹﵽôֲĳ̶ȣֱѹԪһ𡣾ԾãԼҵ취Լٴﵽø̶ֳȡ
ܹ̤ɵ۾磬ôͿƥкøԾãøŷǳĹϵ
ܼɵۣ֪ںøϢǺø컯־û취ǲġڰʯ֮ǰ˼˺ܶĶ
֪ɵۿܻţҲʮϲõģҲڴɵۼ档
ʱȻۼͭʿһЩڲʳɽϵĽߣ㶼ӵϣȡԼһʳ


2614 
ҲоһǿҵļС
ڻԪ޵ǲеģΪǿʱյά޵ճġ޵ʱͨʹøԴھʯȵܹ޵ṩȵ
ؼûκεԵĴ﷨ȻڣڲԼĸԴЩǻԪԴܹṩȻڣ޷߶˵ԼòھʯԴġ
ҲһЩĵҩ˺ʹõ
˳ҲȡһݺڲʳΪкǿңҲ˲Ͽȡʳ﾿ʲôˣ߶ʳãҲų
飬ͨʯġһֻнһڵŻᱻΪߡʱ䳬һº˾ͺٻΪˡһʱ䣬һȶڡ
ԽߣǰоΣʳʳ߹΢Цʵ
оԣ⡣Ե
ǾͺáһҪŬԼﵽʿΪʿӾͻùһЩܳԱڳԤڵʯǻпܵõ齱ء˵ʱĿ¶ɫ
ʯ𣿡ʡ
ȻʯôʯϣҲûйʯ˵ǾԣҲܲ²ʯʲô˳ɾĵ͵Դ
ţǰɣʯֱӳԣҪһַеȡ飬ǿֱӷáֶܿϰĻЧһЩǳΪʿÿ󳡿󹤵ݣҲѵõ飬ǺĶԾԽʯ
ͭʿǷܵõ飿һ
飬ǵͶ˵Դԣ뾡õ飬Ч
ܳΪͭʿȻǿԵõṩĳͭ͡ʿǺѵġԽߣҪǵγΪʿֻгΪʿпܻ齱飬пܳΪͭʿ俴žԡ
ôǷܹǰμӲأһҪһº𣿡תʡ
Ȼǡ㽵ʱ䲻һ£ҲɽвԣֻҪԼܴﵽΪʿҪ󼴿ɡʧܣֱӾͻᱻɱ
ɴ۾ž˵Խߣ㲻ǰμӲ԰ɣǧҪôһºܲԺϸѾܺˡҪ֪һ£ܹΪʿĽߣҲֻĳɵӡˣʧܱɱ
ԾȰ˵ȻǺ⡣
ףл併߸֪ЩϢԶ买˹֡
ôһʱ䣬֪ЩϢġڰ֡
ˣ󳡵Ķ˭ʡ
ңָʯ󳡵ˡ
ҵݣ֪ġ㳡Ҳλʿ˲֪ҵݰɡ併ҡҡͷ˵
󳡣ֻλʿʿְֱͳ͸ͳ졣
ţ֪ˡԵ˵ͷ
հۼд׼ʱʳ͵ɽ塣ٴθ˳ȡʳ
쵽ʳÿۼд󺺼ʳȴûÿλãԾԺȵ
ԳΪʿԿڵ
ǴüëһžԵʲô
ԡԻش
ԣ֪㣬ƺǸոսѡ죬ҪԽʿСӣȷ𣿡ۼͭʿЦ
ȷƶ
ܵĽߣžԡŽ죬ҪμӲԡߣǲӳˣ֪һʧܣͻᱻֱɱ
ãѾ֪ˣ磬һȥԡͭʿͷڣÿ
ʳ߿
Խߣ㡭ôģһıǰʵ
ղžҪԣҲڲԶ
Ҳһµʱ䡣ҵʱ䣬ܽţҪһЩ˵
ĻֻԼ֪ĺ塣ǱøģɲԶպø˵ͼ뿪Ϊһа취뿪ġԾãԼܽɵۣôкܴĿܷػԪ
㡭ġ併̾һصҡͷ
ѾͭʿҪԳΪʿѾܸˣף˵ٶҲˡͲԣԲܳɹ߽һʱȶڣҲһڡ


2615 ô
ΪԽҪʿԣסɽϣ˲ٽۡ
˵Ƿӣ˵⡣
û˾ܹԳɹʱ䣬
磬һͭʿɽ壬ҪʿԵĽߴߡУͰԡ
žͭʿ뿪併ҡҡͷĵҲˡ
ԲԿ϶ʧܣʧܾͻᱻɱһν֪ǶԺˡ㽵Ҳ̫ܻƬˡ磬ÿһʯ󳡶нʯ򡣽ʯϱҿֲϵγɡнʯʯʯ󣬾нʯ󳡣һ΢СĿ󳡶ѣʯͬ΢СĹģ
Աһ㳡
㳡ѾвˣԼĪһٶЩжʮͭʿһʿµģͶǼҪвԵĽߣҲйˣǼǽʱﵽһµġڣвٽ߾סɽ壬Ծסɽֻһ
ĽߣеıľеԵþšʧܣ
˳źöӣһͭʿԵȽ߰˳Ŷӡ
˿ҷԹԵŶӣһٶˣܿǰһɫıĴġģʿġ
ʿԵĹ̺ܼ򵥡ߵʿǰȭͷùģǺϸ޷죬ʧܡʿĵһ࣬һֳֹͷͭʿʧܣֳֹͷͭʿ䣬һʧܵĽ߿ɱ
ÿһڲУλùġֻҪһʿģΪɹͿɽΪʿ
Կʼɣǰʿ˫֣Įˣ˵
㣬ȥԣ㣡һͭʿָ߶ǰĽ˵
ǽЩη壬ͭʿ֮£ֻʿǰþȫȭͷʿϡʿģûзκ
ͭʿߴ١
ߣʧܡʿһĹͷͭʿ䣬Դͭʿʬߡ
ǵڶ
Թ̺ܿ졣ԵͨʲߣȷʵֻҵӡʮˣʿĳΪʿʵǿϵūΪʿʸڿȡʯ
ûʱ䣬ֵԽвԡ
㣬ȥԡԲԶͭʿָžԵ
Կʿǰ
ˣСӽоԣʱ졣ԴͭʿҰ޼аʿǰ˵
ţ죿ʲôʿϵʵЩá
ͭʿսս
ˣҪԵġհȡʳʱҪʿԣҲڽ콫ͭʿ͵
ŶҪģŽ죬ҪʿԣʿĿ⿴ԣ΢΢˸ĪǣǸģ
ˣ
ڰʿЦʱһ촫ʿ΢΢һ𡣶Щͭʿһɴ۾
ʲô
ǣܿȷʿĴġֻһĹЩͬž֮ǰҲһЩʿĽʿһкܴ
ʲôʿʡ
վʿһֳֹ࣬ͷͭʿĿʿģһ˹ı顣ʿ˵ĺŻعĿתžԡ
ǵһμʿıˡûߵʿı棬óһ󶴡ʿıˣԲŻǲ
ˣʿġˣͷͭʿת԰ʿͷ˵
ʲôʿԣ۾Ҳɴ
¿ʿԱߡ֮ǰֻܿʿĵı棬Բ֪ʿˡʱʿĵı棬Ȼһƶ
ʱľԣҲЩʵֻ˼ٵɼˣȻʿĸˣҲû뵽ġ
ˣ⡭ǲԺϸǲϸ񰡣ԹͭʿŰʿ߹ƿĶڣѹһ䡣
Ȼǡϸġʿü
ΪʿҲһġϣ˲̵ʱ䣬ֹ֪ٴʿˡǣδһ߽ʿƵʿǲǺģԽ߶Զ׵飬ҪȻҲÿʿֻҵĽ߿Թء
оԵļһȴһȭͷͽʿĸˡ
վһԣһǲԽߡʿƬ̣Ծ˵


2616 
μʿԵĽһҲͰˣھ֮Լʮ˵ӡ
֮ǰʿıԻˣǰʿ̧һµʿĹûȶʱ䣬ʿԾͽˡ
վʿһֳֹͷͭʿйͷѪ߰ߡһٶߣɱ˴롣Ŀ⻹ʱʱתԣһȭͷʿĵľһֱԺл֮ȥûнܽʿĴơ
оԣԽʿԵİʿžԡ
ǣӦ
ʿ
ֻþԸߣͨԳΪʿĽߣڳͭʿŽǵĹȻҲڿȡʯ
Ըʿһɽ塣ɽϣҲкܶཨĽֵɾ͸߶ˡң뽨֮аסԹ۲쵽ɽʿӰ֡Ʋ⣬ɽӦרŸʿסġ
ӳң֡ǰʿߵһ֮ǰڵ
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ҽֶԾԵ
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ϻֽʱĽʷΣ˭֪ǽߣǽʱ䲻һµˡ
ӳоԣŽ졣ֵ
ӳû˵ڵּ˵ִһ϶ԭġ
μʿԡּ˵
ʿԣͲμʿԣȻûôͨ˲ԣӳ΢΢Щ⣬ֿ˾һۡ
ţͨʿԣֻǡЩ⡣ڲԵʱ򣬽ʿĸˡСһƺЩסҲ˿ԡ
ΪµĽߣǳƾΪСһҲȫûġ
ʿĻˣһΣӳıЩ仯ˡ
ͨʿԣѾǷǳ˵ˡӳҲû˸ߵĽߣһЩţʵĽߣһЩĿ󳡲пܳ֡ЩĿ󳡣ÿ߱ڳгһʺܸߵĽߺ
ڵ󳡣ÿֻڳһٸҵĽߣĻ֮£ܳʷǳ߽ߵļʵ̫ˡ
ͨʿԣͺܾˡԣȻܻʿġѹ֣ҪоԵĽߴˡ
ܺãܲһһᣬԴ¡Сһܽ˵ķۣɾҪɻڴˡǶӳԾ˵
еĴˣ϶ǿλƽʿˡǰʿĶӳʿȻǲΪ˵ġ
лˣԵл
СӣֳɫӦõõһЩһƿ飬ȥʹðɡǶӳͳһƿӣһʯƿȥǳСɣԵ
лʹ͡Խӹʯƿٴεл
΢һ٣˵ˣܷμͭʿĲԣ
ʿǿͨԽΪͭʿġϵͭʿǴʿġ
ʲôǶӳˣԵĻ΢΢һ㶡
ͲμʿԣҪμͭʿĲԣ
ΪͭʿԼ˵
Դ㣬콫ȥܽΪƽʿӦþͿ֪ҵһЩϢʵԶʲôʿļȤ󣬵ҪϢҪĸ֡ڻƽʿ֮ϣֶһЩεǿߡɵۼߣǷڣеĻж١
ϣǲ̫ܵõЩϢġ󳡣̫ˡ
ӳĿ˾һۣ󿪿ڵãҾͰμͭʿĲԡҳ˵ǰͷǲʧܣҪܵͷġȻᱻֱɱҪһƤ
סԵͷ
֣һסɣӳ԰ʿְڰ֡
ǣӦ
ִ뿪ӳķִȥȡһʿ⣬Ի쵽һɫĺΪأҪڿȷʵҪСûȡʯģÿһʿı䡣
ʿסҪȽס΢һЩȻǶһ䣬ڷꡣ
ԣס䡣磬һȥμͭʿĲԡ㣬׼ɡֶԾ˵仰ת뿪
Կ˿ǰĵͰᣬ˽ȥڣʱûˡסʿʱӦöڸɻ


2617 з
ոհʿӳ͵ʯƿóʯƿڣʢŵľ飬һִʯȡԴ
ʯƿСɣģԼҲôʮεӡζ΢Щ
Կа
̷ֱСƿ飬ڣΪһů븹֮ԵҲ΢΢ЩȡԺܿ͸оԼһЩ仯ֱ仯ƺһڸԼ塣
ָı䣬þԷǳĳԾ֪ǺܵͼԴԭΪԼҲʲôЧԼУǼļ͡ڻԪԼͳ̶ȣԱ⼫Ʒ𼶷ġ
ǰ֮£ԲΪܶԼЧҲǺġû뵽Լ̷СƿȻԵĸı䡣
æģ֪漴ͷ֣ȷʵڸıԼ壬ָı䣬ܸ
ڻԪʱ򣬾뺮øԱ֣ڼʶøֲֿ󣬾ԾһֱƣΪǵܳ˿ֲҪ֪УΪԼѾ˼ޡڼʶøԱʶԼ޷뺮øԱȡ
Ǻøﵽɵ۵ļ𡣶ɵ۲κ󣬶ǵɵҲƺѹơ
һֱ޷ͨΪ˵ֵزǼֱȻԪӲĿʯҪ
Ǻøʦ潻棬ŻֱӸڶԷϣ޷Էϡ
ڣЩˡ
øĳԱ˾޴ı仯ǵԪĵ޵߽Ȼͬ
޵ߣߣӦȫֲͬϵ
Щ󣬾ҲڵЩԭǰ·һֱǻҰ޷塣ڣ˷򣬵֪Լ󣬽ǿ
ʱһȥ
֪䣬ɫɽϾסʿ½ĹڵķڣסļʿҲ˽
˰ǿ˾ԣһ˵һ䡣
ţǡʿ˾Էǰʯƿ
ʿǶʢʯƿǲİǿʯƿ֪ʢġʱʿһʿһۣһʿԣҪ鿴ʯƿ
ʱ۾Žӽʿ
ˣʯƿģʿȵ
ʯƿȻͨû飬ʯƿҲһʿеġֻл齱ʿŻʯƿܵõ齱ʿǷǳٵġһ½ʿ¾͸Ӳʯƿˡ
޹ءü
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˵ˣ޹ءɨ˶Էһۡ
СӺŰ£һܶˣʿ˵䣬͵̤ǰһҪʯƿ
俿һ󣬾һ̧֣һƱ˳ȥ
飡һʿ͵˳ȥſڵվ
Ҷ֣
ŪڼʿԾһӵϡ
飡ڵϸûֻǻӶֱۣգۼ佫ʿȫ˳ȥ
ֻ˼΢΢һЩǱҪЩʿȫɱˡ
ϣ
ʹʿţð½
ٿԵѳ˾ηǽΪʿڿֹһʱ䣬ǲǿġǶǰˣȴԼ̫ˡǿԷʿǿ϶ŶԷ½ʿ
վˣʱ򣬾վĿһһӼʿɨ
⼸ʿɫףǱԽѵһٺʵ˺ܶࡣվãǲҲʿҲūϣʵײˡǵû˻ںǣȻ
㣡һһʳָһ¸ղҪʯƿʿ
û𣿡ʿûӦ۾һɣȻһȵ
ǡǣʿһ£Ӧúܿ졣
ͭʿʳ͹ʿȻʵʵﾰһݡ
ҼһʢǾͲóˡ¶Цݣǵʳŵǰ
ԸʮּǰʹСƿһı仯ҲüǿҡһʳԲԡ⼸쵰ʳҲû


2618 ͭ
ʳ⼸ʿҲǸŭԡ
ǲΪξô󣬲ѾҪˣ֮ھǰ޷
һҹ⼸ʿһԹԹԵվһҹ
գǰʿȥμͭʿĲԡͭʿĲԣ֮ǰʿԵĹ㳡ϡֵİʿһΪɵĽ˵ɣʵϵԡ⽨ҪԪЩȣֱ
ִԽ뽨ʱǿյġ
˻ûǾһᡣֶԾԵ
ֶԾԵ̬ȣɱȿʼʱˡͨʿǲܵõʿ˿Դġ
ʵϣ˵ͨʿˣͭʿѵõʿ࿴
Ҳһ㡣
ЩʿͭʿʱĿͣͭʿ԰ʿǹ˿һĴ⡣
ܶʿ¶Цݣֻ˷˼о˼顣ǣھϣǱȽϺˡΪǽͨʿԵĽߣһȭͷʿġ
ʿҲǾãϣٽԼͬģܻܿ쳬ԽԼ뾰ԽãҲһͶʰɣ
Բδ̫ã⽨ڣ½˵ˡվԼİʿӳҲˡ֮⣬һЩİʿԼʮӡ
𣿡
ոս죬ͨʿԣȻ̾Ҫͭʿԣ
ԣСӣоԡ
ǺǣСӺܿһš䣬ҽ˸ͳˣͳ˶ǳȤʿӳЦ˵
ӳСӸոսμͭʿЩ³ç˰ǲʧܵĻ˻᲻᲻ãһʿ
ͭʿĲԣʵҪ˵ʦڡһ˵мʿڳˡǾԵȽ⣬кܶʿոսĽߵʲô
ңͳ˶Ե
Сǲʧܣҿɲʿӳ˾һ˵
ʱһӰ̤˽ˣҲżУϵ̵ͼۺͨҰޣһҲȥ׶ޡ
ˣ
ˣ˽ڳİʿ׷׼̬ȼĹǳ΢
Ҳͷվ
غ꣬ĸСӲԣƽʿɨһȦ󣬿ǰʿӳʵ
ʵѾ˾ԡ
ʿȺ൱۰֮⣬˶ǰʿȻǸոսĻƽʿӦþǿ󳡵ĸͳˡ
ԣվͳˣغӳԵ
ͳˣ߳ǻƽʿ
ֽоԶ԰ɣոս죬Ҫͭʿԣƽʿ΢΢۾žԳ
ǵģҪͭʿԡӦ
ã
ˣ̧ͭƽʿ֡
аʿһʿƵĻ́˳ϣһֻɫзֱͭģΪɫнʸС
СӣͭģͭʿáԹ̣֮ǰʿԲࡣ㣬ֻҪͭģͨ˲ԡͬģλᡣƽʿ
ǣԵ
СӣɱôʧԹԣǿɲһеĴʿӳغֶԾԵ
ǣٴӦ
ʵЩʲôƽʿʿھǰǲֵһġǻƽʿսҲԶﲻԪ޵ǸΡԼֻʹùеһҲٰʮﾳ޵ߡ
Щƽʿʿ֪ʵǵǿ󳡵ĶǿˣҲסԵһָͷ
ˣ㿪ʼɣغ˵
ߵͭǰ̧գȻһ¡ɲΪ˵УͽʿĻˣٻͭġ
ˣԳȭȭͷͭϺһ촫
ڣ޴˶Ĥ
ƽʿʿһ۾ԻͭġֱۺͭĻھҵ𶯣ˡ
ûãûнͭĻơ΢΢һɡ
ȻǾԲøСǾҲ֪ͭĵĳܼޣҲ̫С޷ͭġ
⡭СӼֱǹﰡĲŽʱ䣿ƽʿһ


2619 Ӫ
Ľߣһȭͷͭó
ͳʱоԼ඼ڲͬʱҲǳڿоԵĽȷʵ츳һš󳡳һţǶһˣ󳡿ܶ档
ˣȷʵǲŽ죬дʿӳغ֣ص˵
ãǳãԣڿʼͭʿˡտ󳡵Ĺ涨ʿͭʿɻһƿ齱ĲԣҺ⣬Ҿýƿ顣ͳԾԵ
лˣ
ˣμӰʿĽԡﲻݡ
仰˵ڶΪ֮һƬ̣ͳʾǷȷԻشȷ
ϣͳ˾ͻص󳡣ʱһ˵⣬ɽаʿĲԡͳ
лˣԹ֣ٴθл

Խĵ죬ʿԣ˳
ڳΪʿ󣬾ҲҰεļСμӻƽʿĲԣƽʿѾ㳡ˣҪǰҵĴӪ⻹ҪͳȽӪҪʱ䡣
ԴˣҲΪ⣬ʱܵȡңڽʿʱ򣬿ͳҲʮƿ顣⼸죬ԿԼ졣
ĸ̣Ըܵ÷ǳȻڲֻ˼ƿ飬ĵһθܲŽ˼ٷ֮һǧ֮һѾȷ仯Լʩչʱ˱仯еʱûԵʱҪ֮ǰΪ˳Ѹݡ
뾡Ū㹻飬һθϡҲҪĵһθ죬Ҫǧƿӡ
һգԼסɽ壬ǽ߾סһɽ塣
߾סɽ壬ƽʱͭʿҲֻиͷʳŻһҰμеİʿЩ߶ʱˡ
ߣڲμʿ֮ǰǲ뿪סɽġʿ֮ǰҲֻڸոսǼǵʱ򣬲ܼʿ
ʿǰʿн߿ԣ
ֻϵļУսսǸͲҿԵò
ԼμӲ֮ǰסǸª֮ǰ΢΢һЦ˽ȥ
һʿĽ߶µˡ
УȼɭȻ̶ȣȻԪ򶼿ֲöࡣÿһ֮䣬о޴ĺ蹵
併ߡԵĿ⣬䡣
ʱ㣬͵òμʿˡʧܣᱻֱɱ
ͷȻİʿ˽Լ֣͵һ
ʿˣԼģ
ʱ䣬ûʶ˾ǲ֮ǰɽȥľԽߡʵϣ˶ΪѾˡԽ죬Ͳμʿԣ֡ھ뿪ɽļ仹߶ԡÿ˵𣬶ǳϧ
Ȼˣڿϣÿ춼һٶµĽ֣߳Ҳ߰ʮ߱ɱǺѰ顣
併ߣ߰ɡĲԣ㲻òμӡڣʿˡԼ˵
ʲôסˡ
ͻȻʶλʿЩϤô;Խߵһ
׳ŵӣ̧ͷòһ۾ɵùԲ
Խߣˣˡ
ĽĻһҲ̧ͷŵĿžԡⷿڵĽߣ֮ǰԵġ
߰ɣҴȥʿסЦ˵һ䡣
Ѿǰʿľ˵һ߲μӲԾͽʿһ仰顣Сæ¡⣬ȴǾԻһ顣ԸսʱҲṩһЩ
Դ併뿪һɽϵĽ߱ˡ
併ӿɷˣ
ֻǣԡô͡ǲŽ𣿡
ǰôͳɰʿˣ
併ߺòԾͽʿˣ
ǣ޷⾰ôɰʿģǵĻжĽ

ʱֹ졣
ͳˣͳסɽ壬󳡵ͳ͸ͳʱڡ
ϵܲôͳļ࣬߳ס
ҽǸ㣬Ѿ˻ӦұԴȥӪ׼һ¡ͳ˵
԰ȥ˴ӪԺɾһǻƽʿˡʣܻڴӪʱ򣬿ɲҺͳ˰ͳһԿ˵
λƽʿԾ˵൱º͡ˣþкܴϣƽʿһ϶ڴӪصࡣ


2620 ƽʿ
ΪϵĽλƽʿϲá
΢СĿУ̫ѳʸߵĽˡ˵ͳ͸ͳǻûӪƼšΪϡ˶ԾҲǸӡ
λ˹ˣԺҶλ˵Ķ顣Ե
ã
ϵܣͳﵽӪ·;úϢһϡͳ
ǣӦ
գͳ徸ž뿪󳡣ǰӪ
ƽʿ޷еģǿ˫Ÿ·ǿ󣬿˫Ÿ·ҲѸ١
ڸ·֮ǰ徸ľԼڼʱ˼ԵԽߣȷʵһš
֮徸һӴׯ԰徸˵ĴӪˡ
һӪŴĿ󳡡徸Ŀ󳡣С͵Ŀ󳡣Ŀ󳡣Ӫ˼ٸ֮ࡣӪҲ֣»ᡣ˵ˣһ֯ʵԽǿְԽߡʵģʽ
ֱͨʯԪķܷʽȻͬͲʲô塣ͽܡӵȵȶûСϵϾǿԼûʲô似ȵȷӵĹֶΡ磬ľﵽһ̶ȣǾһУ
ĺøǺøĵӻλֲĸǵսļ򵥣һȥԹʱҲʹ÷͵һ̶ȺЩķԶԶԼ塣
ʩչŻ޷Ǻøʦʲô˺
Ȼˣκεطϵ»ڲͬϵڵġһϵһȺߡǱţıȡԴҲһ־ʽ
徸Խׯ԰ϢǼǵȳ󣬾˳ֵס
μӻƽʿԵȻǾһ
»Ӫ֮ǰ徸ͳҲûԾ˵̫ڻƽʿԵ飬ԭΪ˴ӪԼܲμӻƽʿĲԡڵ˵ط֪Ҫȴ
ƽʿԣÿһζвٰ»ƿصĸ󳡰ʿμӡƽʿԵƵǺܵ͵ģһ㶼ҪŻһΡԽʱȽϴɣλƽʿĲԡ
ׯ԰ڣҪμӻƽʿԵסһÿһ䣬䲻󣬲Ҳʱסġ
徸ͳ콫͵ӪҲû̷ؿ󳡡ƽʿӦúܿͻУȾԲԹٷؿ󳡡һԲʧܵĻԴһȥ
ȴƽʿԵм١ˣסһƬĵطԵЩġԣҲ󳡵İʿཻЩʿӸ󳡶¶˽ҲǺܶࡣ֪ĸϢҲһʱԼĵλ㹻ˣȻɻȡϢ
Լ˰µʱ䣬ƽʿԿʼˡ
Ե̣ͭʿԡʿԲࡣҪ˵𣬿ܾǵص㲻ͬȻдӪǿ߻ֳ֡
һյ峿ٸȴԵİʿ;ۼһ㳡֮ϡһɫĴģڹ㳡룬ģƽʿԵĻƽˡ
ֻƽʿԵģǴӪһϼڴ˵󣬲Կʼ׼вԵľԵˣ֮ǰı˳ԡ
μӻƽʿԵˣǶԼʵ㹻ĵġǵʵȷʵҲǷǳǿ󡣲ԵĹʣν൱ߵġעһ£жϲа˳ҵ߶ͨԽΪƽʿ
ԵĲԣȻҲûκε⣬ֻһ㽫ǻƽ졣
ٸ˽лƽʿԣӿʼһ˲ʱʱ䡣˲ϣˣµļУзΡʧܵģֻܷص֮ǰĿ󳡡
Ϊƽʿˣкһ֣ܹڰ»Ӫ½ƽʿᱻɵ󳡡½ƽʿϣڴӪΪڴӪζܵõԴõõࡣҲܸʵ
½ƽʿ£ڰ»Ӫģȴ޼

ֵܣҾ֪ƽʿ϶û⡣䣬徸ͳԣϲ˵
ΪƽʿڴӪ²ס˵
һ½ƽʿȷʵ㲻һ㽵ʱ仹ûһ¡ˣ϶ע⵽ġ徸ͳ΢΢˵


2621 һ
Ҳڰ»Ӫ
˭˭ߣǸ߲㳤ϼġ
徸ͳ˵ʼߣ߲㷨ۣҲеġǣ϶ѡΪĻƽʿڴӪ
ϣˡԵ
ֵܣһͷؿˡ˴һ𣬲֪ʱټ徸
ǵͳһӪͼˡЦЦ
徸뾰һᣬ뿪գ뿪»ӪѾǻƽʿ㲻ӪڣҲᱻɵ󳡡»ƿؿô࣬ǲ̫ܱɵԭĿ󳡡ԣ徸ͳǲҪڴӪˡ
ھԺ徸ʱӪڣһĽУ»һȺ߲ۼ
»λߵˣׯׯ֮£аλϡʱׯͰλ϶ڡһǾŸˣΧںɫߡ
ׯͰλϣжһݺƤᡣƤϣǽμӲԵľԵ½ƽʿ
£ÿһλƽʿԺ󣬶а½ƽʿڴӪİ˸˿ׯͰλϹͬѡȻѡȡǸЩ½ƽʿϸϣҳɫİ˸ˡ
ʱׯͰλ˵ˣǾԡ
оԵˣϣûиˣʱ仹һ£һλü
Խڿ󳡴˴Լʮʱ䡣󵽴Ӫ·죬ڴӪֵ˰¡еʱǽӽһ£ȷʵһ¡
ѾȷϹûдԣȷʵڽȶڡһλϵ
һ£ͳɻƽʿˣ⡭һ۵ĳϣ²˼顣
ԣʺܸߡţӦ츳͡һϵ
ʸߣδأĽߣԺδ߶ԶкཱུܶߣľȻˡһ볤ҡҡͷ˵
˵ģҲʵҲУⲻ츳áһ¾ܽƽʿųɾž
λǶ˵һˡҪǷһ۳ϵ
ЩȻϷɫͬһͬ㡣ǣгϵķΣͬɽΡ
ҿǽˢȥɣһ½ƽʿӲ١˵ĳϣֽղ񣬴òȥȽϳ
ղϵ˼ǣڴӪղϣʸȽԻȨڰλǱȽϸߵġµϵԱʵڰ˸ϵҲһġÿһλϣһϵ
ţղ˵úеԣڿ󳡶ɣһٵĳ˳ղϵĻ˵
ϵϵ֮䣬ҲġٳղϣͱȽ׽
ÿһλƽʿԺѡڴӪûᶼǱȽҪ顣ׯϰλ϶ۼ飿ĻƽʿǻõԴġںķѴԴȺ߲㵱ȻҲϣֵࡣ
һʱ䣬ͽƽʿǰ»ᣬδֹҾãƾһ㣬ҲӦǵĴӪһӣҳ΢΢ü˵
гǷڴӪԼ
λϣǷþ£۵ҲǱȽϼҡ
λϣׯˡ
»ׯһλŮԣĿӰλɨóǶ
Ҫˡԣһµׯһ
ׯԷˣЩڴӪĳϣȻҲͲٶ˵ʲô»λߵģׯʵǿģͬׯ
ˣԱȷڴӪˡھ֮󣬳ͨһδεѡ񣬾˼ڴӪȫպǰ˸ˡڼٸ½ƽʿѡ˸µĸȷʵǱȽϵ͵ġ
ѡȷ󣬽һͬҪĹ̡
ǣÿϣ˸½ƽʿУѡһ¡̣ԹƽΪǣǳǩԼҪ½ƽʿ˭
ʱ
ѡȷˣλϣǿʼǩɣׯһɫӷŵ˳ϡ
ɫڣа˸ԲÿһԲڣһƴƤƤϻһ֡˸Բ򣬶ӦľǾԵȰ˸ڴӪ½ƽʿЩԲ򣬶Ƿׯģ⡣
ٳվ
ΪģԳǩ˭˭ûʲôֱٳ֣ںɫͳһԲ
ŵڶλϡλϡܿ죬λϸںɫͳԲ
ڣλ϶Բ򣬿ԼҪ˭ɣׯٴο˵


2622 ƨľ
ȳǩٳϣҲûϳǩ֮ǰʹԲ
ȫ꣬һԲΪȤһЩ
ԵȰ˸½ƽʿٸ½ƽʿѡڴӪ˵Ƕ½ƽʿзǳˡ䶼Ϸв𡣰λ»ĳϣпҲԼС˼Ҷˡ
˭ÿԼ
ׯĻ󣬰λ϶ͬʱеԲ
ղϴԲ򣬽ƴƤֺֽ̿֡ɫʱͺΪƤֽϵ֣ȻǾԣǸ뽫ڴӪľԡþڴӪȻӲϣԼԡ
˵˸½ƽʿУ½ƽʿΪҪˡ˷֮һĻᣬȴǲұ̯ˡ
ϣҲ׷̯Ƥֽ˱ûʲô仯ϲüҰ
ҳϣ鵽˭һҳϡ
ҳ鵽ǷХҳЦŻӦ
ХǱβμӻƽʿԵУΪעһХһģȽϴĿ󳡡ǣʵڴ˴λƽʿвХ֮֡ǰǾ֪ХΪХʷǳߣ»ӪԼǰͽΪصעĿˡ
˵»İλϣǷǳϣХļԼµġ
ⷽХܿڼھٴͻһ
磬ߴӽʼҪпɸѡ߽һʱ䣬ᱻǿҪμʿԡһʿԣҪĨɱ߳ҵĽߡ
̣ͨеĹ򣬲ڰ»ƵĿ󳡲ô
߽ΪʿҪڿ󳡲ɿܵõ飬ȻһڿһʿҪͭʿҲǺѵġһЩʿڿ๤ʮ궼޷ͭʿͭʿٽʿʿٽƽʿһĽÿһǳ
˻ƽʿһѶȸǴȵ»ƿصĿ󳡺ܶ࣬ƽʿ࣬ٽһĻƽʿȴǶ궼δܼһ
Ϊˣ»߲дϣʱӻƽʿٴνߣǷǳġХĿǰϣһ
ϲϲ
ҳϵǲ˰
ҳϡ
ǣ׷׳ԣҳϹأǲ˵΢΢ʡ
ģҳ鵽Ǹԣղһ䡣
Բ򣬿Լ鵽½ƽʿǾԺоͼΪˬˡڣҳ˵鵽ķХ͸ΪʹˡܱѡڴӪҪԭҳϡҳϼ֣ׯҲİôڴӪղҲͲܳ鵽ˡ
ղϣ⾰ԻһأгϿڵ
ƨľţġļᣬǰװ˷ˡղϺݺݵĽƤֽһм
ԾԵĲˬɼһߡ
Ǻǣ⾰ҳ飬µġҳϣȻ˵ĿԣΪ㲻أٳһЦҳ˵
ղϹϵܣղϲʹ죬Ͳʹ졣ԣʶľͽìͷָҳϡҲǿôӦļ˾ԣȻ󽫳鵽ķХó
ٳϵĻҳüԷХȻҲǷǳġ鵽ХʱҲϲõúܡҪļХȻ⡣
ٳ˵ûԣҳµġѵ㲻ʲô𣿡ղһ˵
ǰ˸ϣÿλƽʿԹ󣬶½ƽʿļһ¡̣ǳǩļˣҲǿԻģֻҪصλ϶ͬ⽻Ǿû⡣ׯҲ˶˵ֵֹ
ôҳϣѵԲģΪҪڴӪٳϼơ
ϣʱǶû˵ǶΪҳϿ϶ͬóХǳ鵽˷ХҲԲóЦХǶʱпٴνˣôó
ҳô˵ˣղЦĿƶҳϡ
ղϺٳһһͣڸҳѹʵҲΪҳϻͬóХвˬ鵽ХҳҲ¡
ҳϣͻȻһ
ãȻղ˿طХҾͽХø㡣÷Хԡҳϵͳ


2623 ߰
ҳϻ˵ղ˶֮һ㶡
ղˣû뵽ҳϻӦˣóһĿܣǷХ
ղٶˣûϵ
ϣҲͬˣǶЩ㵵Ŀҳϡ
ׯ΢΢ЩȵĿ⿴ҳϡڰλ֮УҳµʵȻǵףҲġ£ҳϾóʮ»һš
ҳϣ˵ɾղȥˣղϷӦ̾һҳϷڡ
Ȼҵ˵ͷ
ȷʵǲóХǡҲȷʵڴӪġղļ˾ԣղ̬ȣõصǾΡ˵صˣղϺܸܿͲܾԡ˵ڴӪп޷ȡκԴͼ鶼ԻáĻͻþȥˡ
ҳϣԼԾΡΪԼ¾ԣ¾ԱˡԣͬóХԷХȡԡ
λϻ𣿡ׯʱ
ҳϺղϽˣΪׯܣֻҪλ϶ͬ⼴ɡ
λϣû˵
Ȼû⣬Ǿɣׯ˵վ߳

»ׯ԰ĳ
ڶ˻ƽʿߣʱȴšٸƽʿڵȸ߲ľÿˣϣԼܱѡУڴӪȻҶ֪ãһأ
ȴ֮Уɫ۵ߵߣŵɫϣһԵĻΡΣҲǵǣǸڻƽʿһΡ
ߴӻƽʿٽһΣͲҪˡΪǸʱǵǿȣѾЩļС˵ٴУǲ޷ǴķӰ쵽ǵٶȡԣƽʿ֮ϵߣһ㲻ٴС㴩УҲһЩļУһЩǿļС
ߵ󣬾Եȼٸƽʿ㶼ӷڽгҾۼһ
棬ҺֵĻƽʿСһߴ˵
½Ļƽʿǣ⻰΢΢ЩΣԼֱгΪгֵˣڴӪЩ̣½ĻƽʿҲ
һХ
ڶΣ
ģ
ĸ

ڰ˸ԣ
ǰ˸ƽʿУߣеһһ˵
ֵİ˸ˣǱ½ƽʿмģǶԼȽšԱȻҲһȴҲһԤ֮еĸо
ȻˣкܶԼԱѡеߣûѡСˣǾĺʧˡܶ˵ɫ÷ǳѿǴӪ߲ľûʸ񿹾ܡ
ƽʿûʲôϣ֪Լûѡкһʧ䣬ȴҲܹܡ
ԵȰ˸˳Уߣ뿪ׯ԰Ƭ½ƽʿҪȴŴӪǷǰһ󳡣ȥ󳡵

ǰλʱס죬ϴӦûټǵģǵϢǡһߣԾ԰˸˵
ǣ԰˷׷Ӧ
Ǿסĵطɱ֮ǰ¶ˡÿһ䣬ܴþҲǱȽϽ
λ߸Ե˰ס󣬺ܿ뿪ˡ
λԺǿɶҪڴӪˡҽģԺϣ໥ӦĿڣЦ˵
ߣ໥ӦӦʲôǽͬĳϣ˵ˣǷХһĸ߰Դ΢
ǵ̬ԾǿˡȻߵļˣǱѡڴӪ½ƽʿХԿ߸ˡΪ߸ˣԶԶ޷ԼȡХǵһεߡң̫õʱ䡣
Х߰˵仰󣬾תԼķ䡣
˿ŷХ뿪Х̬϶вġ
Ǻǣǡദ˵ХǴӪӵ½ƽʿƲƲ˵һŮߡ
ΪǸ̸ɣԳЦЦ
λ˵ѡİ˸½ƽʿᱻֱļλϵ£ԶǷХȻģХ̬þ˿Ĳ
ʵǣ߲β̫ˡھǰХǴɽµһСݰˡ


2624 ټ
Զĵ˵ʱҲûκμӣûбֳ˿̬
ʵĵˣϼһеϼһˣڻԪ޵˶ãĵˣͿֻмʮ꣬ʹһЩģҲᳬꡣ
ġǰ»ᣬаλϣֱƿһϵǰ˸ˣֱһλϴ¡ĶԾ˵
Ҳ֪ҽλ¡һ½ƽʿ˵
ʵһλ𲢲̫󣬹ؼǿǶǵ̬ȡǷХȥһ£λ϶һἫĹաХɾܵõԴε
㹻ԴХܻܽΰɣһ˵

»ׯ԰һɵĶ
ҳϵľʱҳ裬ʱһڷڡ
дˣǰ»Ӫһλϣֽɽɽϣڰ»һλԱȽĳϣҳߵñȽϽɽΪ»᳤ϳڣܵһЩϼѹģʱֻҳϸܶɽ϶ҳ϶ء
֮ǰʱѡ½ƽʿڴӪҳϼֽҲ£ɽϾͺ֧ҳϡ
֣˷Хʵǲýøղϰɽҡҡͷ̾Ϣһ˵ʱֻҪ˵ղλҲϼҼҡҪХҲΪġ
չأղȷʵܴҳǿ߷Х
ѾȥˣҲûʲô塣ҳЦЦ
ҳϣЩХԼľ
ؿ㣬һܱȵġңҾóХϣҳϲԶɽٴҡҡͷп˵
оԵСһҲ⡣ʱ䲻һ£ͽΪƽʿǰ»ƺǶһݡɽһתŵ
ǰδؾͱȷХءҳϵ
ô˵УҲûġڽһھͽƽʿܶΪĽߣǰڽףɵﵽƽʿΣһͺˡ
ˣҲֻϣˡ̫Ļղǣ϶ǻġɽϵ
üɽ˵ȷʵܿܳ֡
죬ҾͼλСѡҳɫ΢΢˵
ͬʱһڡ
ȥХղϻ󲻾ãһߣ½ƽʿХ
ǣǻӦȥ
ûʱ䣬Х͵ղǰ
ϴˣХղǰ൱Ĺ
ھԵ½ƽʿǰڳǰȴǫúܡ
Х˵֡ڣҴļ㣬ղŷХ˵
ûκХ
ܺãղЦЦļ㣬ɲ̫˳ʵϣԭӦñҳļģǸԣ㽻˹ǺǣҳϣǸԻǺܿõġ
ˣһʱ䣬ΪƽʿȽٶȣȷʵˡղϼ
ŶХüëһ
һµһ£ͽΪƽʿٶ̫ˡ¾ã˺ܿɣҪȻ˿Ľһʱ̫ܵõܶԴûԴͲô졣
ţ˵òղϵͷ
ϴ˷ģһὫǾѹڽ¡ХһͻȻ˵
ⷽХȻһǳˡղϣδ˵̫ھԵĻҲûȷıʾԼԾпǣХȴᵽղϻص˼
úŬңԴ϶١ղϹһЦóǳˡ
˵仰󣬾͵İ˰֡
ϴˣ¸ˡХٴι֣С˳ȥ
һ£ͳɻƽʿˣҷХҪʲô͡Хղϵľ¶Це
գ磡
һߣԾסķ䡣
ԣ߰ɣϴˣҪ㡣߼ԣûжĻֱӾͶԾ˵
֪λҪң̧üʵ
֪ԼĳϣҪļԼλ
ҳϴˡߵûйװء
ˣֳ·Թ˹˵
߶ԾԵ˵ͷ


2625 ڿЦɣ
ҳϾ
ɣҳ϶ԸսľЦЦָָΡ
лϡԵл
ҳ϶³Ա̬ǱȽǫ͵ģڰ»ӪλУҳǺ˵ղˣǼ»ƽʿġ
ԣԺ͸ˣ֪˰ɣҳʵ
ţѾ֪Ե˵ͷ
ҿϣ㽵ʱ䲻һ£ͼٵĽΪƽʿȽٶȣǳˡһΪɻľǽǻ·ʯҳڸ뾰ԲҪΪԼȡõĳɾĿһСΡ
ϴˣҶԺ˵
ţģҲûʲôɶ˵ġ֮·ȫˡܸṩİһЩԴڴӪ½ƽʿǱȽϳɫġԣӪҲϧԴǵϡҳϵ˵ͷ
˵һᣬ˴ȥȡһЩ飬ڽܳһʱ㶼ҪڴӪׯ԰ˡ
ϴˣ֪ȡ飿ֱʵ
ΪĵģԴԴʹ飬ⶫܹı壬Ա㽫䵱һǳҪɵĿꡣ룬Ҫɵһɱ䡣֮ǰԾͼɵһɱ䣬Ҫǧƿǧƿ顣ڿ󳡵ʱһŵõʮƿ飬ЩѾùˣɵһɱȴʮǧ
Ե⣬ҳ΢΢һ㶣ûϵԻ˵ֱӡ
Ϊ»᳤ϣʱҲܳˣ½ƽʿͬкܶࡣǣЩڼλϵʱ򣬾ܾнԣȴһ㶼ûнŵӣҵһμȡ顣
һºҳϲЦ
½ƽʿһǿȡһƿġڴӪˣɵõһЩһΣȡƿ顣Ц˵
Ѱƽʿԣƿ鲻ˣ㹻úܳһʱ䡣Щ󳡵ĻƽʿԺڿϹҲܲϻȡͣ͵Ȼ顣ڴӪĻƽʿҪȥ󳡹ֱӴӴӪȡ飬ҲԶԶȥ󳡵Ļƽʿ
ΪˣЩ½ƽʿŻᶼǳڴӪ
ƿظ
ƿ˵̫һЩǧƿĻӦþͲˡ
Ҳ֪ӪܲĹӦ顣
ϴˣΪߣһεõأתʵ
Ǵˡ
ߣҳüžԡ
ƽʿΣѶȷǳ󡣼ڴӪĻƽʿһҲҪʮܳɹҲÿһڴӪĻƽʿܽ
ΪߣǵõĽͲǵͼˣҳϼ˵
ЧӦñúܶࡣڴ֮ǰԲδ˵
ȻʲôǳءϡĶԽʱϾ̡̫߽Ҳ࣬вû˸˵ָΪ߼ԴҲڿϵʱЩܽӴľ顣ֶƽʿǲ̫ܵõġ
Ȼһƿ൱һǧƿˡԣڹЩ硣ҳ˵
ϴˣ档Ե
еĻƽʿ棬ĿǺ¡ǺܾԺ飬Ҫ˼ڿϡҵһЩ
ҵ˼ˣ˵ǣھ׼Ρ̧Ŀҡ
ʲôҳ۾һɣù

ھҳϵһμյʱҳϾ˰»ׯľ
ҳϣôͻȻˣׯҵЦ˵
㡭Ǻ˰ɣׯ΢Ц
ָģͬԷХ¡ΪŷģҾͻȻԼׯ뷨ҲǺȻ顣
ׯ㣬һ¡ұ
Ŷׯҳ֣صӣҲϵЦݣҳϣȴ߼˵ȥ
ļľԣƽʿҼ˵ҪΪߡԺھ׼Ϊߡҳ˵
ʲô
ҳϣڿЦɣׯı飬ҳ˵ھҪʱǲġ
ׯǿЦԣҪ׼ΪߡԣҲŹ˵¡Ҵ㣬μӻߵĽԡҳЩ죬ܼᶨ


2626 ᲻
ڰ»ӪƽʿߣֻҪɡ
лƽʿҪлߵĲԣǶרׯ㱨ҳׯ˵£ҪԭǾҪл߲ʵ̫ˡ
Խʱ䲻һ£ΪƽʿŸոսɹҪлߵĲԡϢȥð°;ҳϲǰׯ˵£ׯڵõϢ󣬿϶Ҳ̽ҳϽйѯʡˣҳϻǰׯ˵
ҳϣ¿ɲ⡣ΪߣһΣյġׯɫ
ǰڵĵȼӽߵʿʿͭʿֱƽʿ⼸ȼĽУǲΣյģҲǴӽ߽ʿʱʧܻᱻĨɱҲǲеΣգΪĨɱļȼʧҲԲᶪСǴӻƽʿΪߣзյġ
ƽʿߣɲûʲôġ
ţѾ뾰˵úˡҪлߵĲԡңҲΪܹͨԡҳ˵
ǰԼʱ򣬶ԼҪлߵĲԣȻҲʹӦԷǳ֣ǰչһʵչֳʵҳΪԷǳпܽɹˣŻԽлߵĲԡ
˵ʵǰչֳҳǾǻϲʶԽһھͽΪƽʿǿĽȷʵУԲֱӴ򵽻ߵֲΡ
Ľɹô˵Ҳܴеõ洦ġ˭ϣԼϵĳԱ׿ߣ
ҳϣȻҲ˵ʲôˡׯ˵ͷ
ڰ»ᣬϵȨȻǺܴġƽʿлֲԣȫȨׯʵûҪʡʵ̫ϸ£ǵڲųϵж

Դҳ뿪󣬱㱻һߴȥȡ˶ƿ飬صԼסҳļ󣬱ֻһµסҳµĳԱƽʿͻߣסƬ
ԽвҳµĻƽʿҲ뾰ԴкǶˣǷǳѺõģձȽϺгóҳµߣ໥ȽŽᡣûΪˣ۸۸
ȼߵĻߣҲû˿ĵѡ
Щһ֮ͨڣ֪˸Ĺڰ»ң˽⵽ϢҲ쵽»֮⡣»֯ģǱȽСġ磬ֽ㣬ʵڲǷǳӴġڣкܶӴĹ֯кܶϵߡ
̸󣬾ԾͻصԼķ䣬ոȡƿ飬ȻҪĸһ
ߺ󣬿ɵõЧһǧƿҵ壬ɵһθӦû⡣
ȼɣҳ˵󣬾ҲμӻߵĲԡ΢΢һ£о
ԽлߵĽԡ⼸ʱ䣬ͼ塣

ղס
ղϿνˬļ˷ХţƺѾԤ󣬷ХΪ³ԱемΪ»ΪߡղµʵҲһߡƾ跽Хĳ֣ĳΪ»λеĵһ
ղ֣ûüأһղЦ˵Хţɲ׼ǰ»ĵϣ֪Ҫ꣬ܳôһһΣղȥˡ
ղϵЦ
˵ЩΪʱ硣ȷХΣǲſʼչ¶âղϼ˵
ⷽХʣӦǲ̫ãܽΪˡǳϵ
ţڰɣ֮ڣХһܽΡղ
ڴӪĻƽʿһ㶼ҪʮܽХھܱܽȰǳҡҡͷ̾˿˵Ҳ֪ҳϵʱ᲻ڵľ
ڣǺǣھѾ˰ɣԼѡֲ÷ХҲ޷ǿǡԣԼѡ񣬺Ҳûáҵ뿴ļľԻġղЦ˵
ҳϣҲἫྰ԰ɣ÷Х˾ԣǾ̫ĻҲÿ룬϶ἫԵʵٿȥ̫ǳϷ


2627 Դ
ղĳϣĵú졣
ȻΪҳͬ÷Х޴ľԷӦѾǷǳĺˡΪ棬ԷضǼǸԣĿľΪþܸһʵϲΪ̫̫
Ц̸ţٳϾʹ˽ղϹһ㣬ղ⣬ֱӾ˽δҪղϵ
峤ҲڣٳϿ壬˸к
ٳϡ峤϶ٳϵͷ
٣ɫôѿʲôˣղ΢΢üٳϵ
ֱӽķ䣬⵹ûʲôٳϵıԲ̫ԣҽʱǲҲڼһЩ鷢Ȼٳϲô
ţٳϵͷ
ղ֣ҿˣٳЩ졣
ʲôղϢһ
ȣôܣ£˭ҪȼҲһ˵
Ҳ֪ȷʵѾˣҸմӻǱ߹ۿȵġٳҡͷ
ȣѰʱǹر״ֻ̬߽ʱ򣬲ŻпҳϣҲû¿档
ô£˵£˭ҪлߵĲԣղüʵ
ûС
ҵ£ܹߡУǲһϢû˵λ϶ҡͷ
͹ˣղϳš
ȥٳϵ
һϢû˵ⲻɽߵý֪⵽ô¡ղѰ˼˵
ȥɽʡ
ղˣȻûλȵĿΪҪμӻߵĽ
»ׯ԰λá
Уǡ˭Ҫȼɽµ˻ȡ
ǾҪлߵĲԡ΢Ц˵
ҲûҪ쾰ԾҪеȼĲԡ
ʲôɽ۾ɴ󣬲ŵĿ⿴ҳϡ
ԣǸոսƽʿľԣ
֣ҪʲôǾԣŸոսƽʿڻҲǿܱɱİɽص˵
ɽϵܣҾþСһбȽϴɹġ˽ңĲܶ࣬ΪһͬĽ𣿡ҳЦ
ɡɽ˵ʲôߣֲ֪˵ʲô
˽ҡ
ȷʵҳϿɲǼԸ񡣼ȻԽлߵĲԣôԻһҳϿص͡
ʲôʱʼɽ˶٣ʵ
ɣͽеȼԡ˵
֣ԲʧܵĻܻûղǻô˵㣿ɽ¶Цı顣
ɽϵⷬҳϳĬһᡣ
ʱҳϲŵҪЦңȥɣԽɹĻ
ҳûм˵ȥ
ˣ֮ǰղϳǩеģĻӦñղļµġԽɹˣղϽ顣

峤ϣúɽϣ˳ĴɽϿʳҳϿ泤ȵԵɡ
ʲôǸԣҪлߵĽԣɽϣ˵Ǹ˾ԣһ˹ı顣
ХڽߣѾǷǳ˵ˣ»ڼʮѳšԣȴǸոսһ¾Ҫߡ
ôܲ˴㵣
ȷʵ˾ԣսΪƽʿǸɽϵ˵ͷ
ˣҳǷˣ泤ȿҪԴġҳϣôģԴôװ׺ķѣ
һ˵峤һҡͷ
֪˴º̾ȥղϡٳϣ»ûղ뿪
ʳˣǾҪеȼԡţǸ½ƽʿԡһͿڶղ˵
ղˣԺ󣬶¶㵱顣
ʲôղŭ
ҳǴƹˤϣþڻȰɣٳϵ
ҳӦò˰ɣü
ˣΪþԽеȼԣܲǸԼҪԵİɣǺǣһ˵ǾԼҳѵˣٳЦ
ߣǸСӲԵʱҪȥҵʣôġǾڻȣҿɵׯúõ˵˵Ǿûʸǰ»ĳϡղĿ


2628 Ц
ҳϿȣϢܿ㴫»ׯ԰
ׯ԰ڵߣ໥̽Ϣ
˭ôû˵
Ҳû˵ҳϴѾȿ²١ԣȻҳµߡ
ҳ£ʲôʱһоԵˣ

ׯ԰ڣ۷׷ס
Ѿˣ½ƽʿѹǰǶ˵֡ҳϴǱߵߣ֪ԡ
½ĻƽʿҪл߲ԣ
һʱ䣬»ׯ԰ǷһΪɫĻƽʿڻһʮҪлߵĽǻЩĽڵ𾪡
һӣڰ»ӪҲˣܶ˾⾰Կܾڻȡ裬˷ԼΪ׾ӵֶʵ̫޴һЩ
ҳ߾ۼء
ֵܣ
ڷʹ壬˺ֻ֣ͣ߳䡣ȻһȺվ⡣ЩߣҳԱ
λֳǣ¶ɫˡ
ֵܣ˵ҪлߵĽԣһ˵
Ƕ֪ˣЦЦ
ֵܣҪлԣ⡭˶ɫ𶯡
ֵܣûҳȡԡ߽ԣΣյġŪãܻᶪһģĻƽʿ˵
λǳ磬֮ϣߵˡڶҽлߵĽԡ磬ʺܸߣѾڴӪ˽ʮʱ䡣һƽʿԾǽһ·˵֮˵ݣֵȼѶȡ
ӻƽʿߣһʵķԾ˵ģ˵ڴӪߵݵλҲԶԶǻƽʿܱȵġ
ҳµĻߣһϵĻƽʿ̬ǱȽϺõģҲ̸û취ʵĲࡣϵĻߣǾ͸ǶǵģһЩ鲻ãЩƽʿ֡
˭ΪߣǽѶʵ̫ˡ
λֳ֪ǶǺ⡣ҳѾͬҲԣԿ㲻ͨ룬סһûġԸл˵ĺ⣬ȴȡ롣
һ̾
ǾԼ飬ֻȰ˵һҲ޷ʲôˡȻִ⣬Ҳٶ˵ʲôֻܶڲԵʱһҪСģв˳ȣ֮ǡ
ʱ䣬ҴҶ
磬һҳ»ߣԴߡ
λߣԾ̬䵭˵Щӡ
ǰȵ·;У߿˵ԣǽʧܵĻϴ˻ܶڣкܶ˶ڵſϴ˵Цĳϴˣµ߶ˡνԣӪ㣬ôģ
ԾȷʵЩ
ԭȻǾҪеȼĲԡȻΪոսƽʿľԣܹΪߡǻߣǳȼĽѶȡͬ⣬Ϊγϴ˻ͬþԽвԡ
ϴңǲóϴʧֻ˵
ϴ˶ʧ߲ʧһ㲻ҪҪǣϴ˵棡üͷ塣
֪֪ԭǲñҳϴļġλϳǩʱǱղϳС£ӦǱղļղϣ㲢⡣ҳϴˣ÷Х㡣֪Х˭ɣţٺܿ졣
ЩҲ΢ЩԾǰ֪ԼǱҳϽġ
Щ뿴ϴЦˣעɹԵ
˵䣬ǵ˻ȡ
˵ʱڻȸۼ˺ܶߡƽʿܶ࣬߶в١ҳµߣҲġң½һЩ߹
ǾǾԡ
Сӣ򵥰ҲһһС󳡽ģʱ̣ܶŸչһ¡
һ£ܽƽʿ⡭ǿ󰡣
ǺǣҿΪǰ̫˳ˡҸҴģһΪҲ׽ϣڻȡ
Ե󣬴Ŀ䵽ϡЩˣָָ㣬ȺвʱķһЩЦ


2629 濪ʼ
ԸоЩԼĿ⣬Ҳȥ
Щ˵ıϵЦݣԾ֪Щ˿϶˵Լʲôû
޹ؽҪ
û˶ŭľЩ΢Ц
СӾɣ
Ҹղſ΢Цʾ⣬ΪǺɣ
пӣ
ڻȸߣûΪԵ΢Ц֮ǰԼвε˼
УҲҳµ߶ԾûмЦл൱˿ԵĿЩ䣬ΪǾþ³çΪܵҳϴ˶
ԣžͿˡϴˣӦúܿͻԹĻߣԾ˵
лֳԹ֡
ϣԼȷġߣ˵һ䡣
ھԵִȺ½һЩȸۼİ»ߣԽԽˡεĵȼȷʵڰ»Ӫ˲Сĺ䶯
ƽʱлƽʿҪΪߣɲôĶȻҲв˹עԲ˶ֳۿ
Դˣȫ⣬ڻԪʱʲôûˣͲʲô
ֵƬ̣ҳ˻ȡξԽߵĲԣۿĳϣȻֻһղϡٳϵˣҲȺִȡҳϹϵȽϺõɽϣͬҳϵִ󲻾Ҳˡ
ԣ׼𣿡ҳ˾Եߣº͵ʵ
գ˾չʾĲΪԵȫԴﵽߵҪ󡣲ҪΪߣСȣһȻڶٶȣٶҪָеٶȶٶȡڵ棬ǿȡ
ҪȣǿҲﵽһҪǴﲻôͿڻڡǰлƽʿԵʱڻڵġ飬ֵƵʲܵ͡
ϴ˷ģ׼ʱԿʼԡԶҳϵ˵ͷ
ţǾ׼ʼɣԣȣһоңߵѶͣҲڻƽʿ߲ԵġͨˣǾһƷΡߵڶһƷνƷεġԴƣұߵĻȣڰƷƷεġ
ߣ־ƷһƷͣƷߡҳǶԾ˵һ»ȵ
Ʒߣǻвߵˡ
ȼ֮ϣǵΡ
»İλϣа»ׯǵεߡ֮ϣȻиǿߣڰ»ڣȴûгԽεߡ
ˡӦ
ףׯҲˣʱҳϷһɣׯ˻ȡ
ڳߣҲܿ쿴ׯλ»ȼߵߡ
ҳϻϣǰׯ
֮
ҳϣһ˾ԣׯĿ⣬ת˾Եϣڶҳʵ
ׯûǾԡҳӦ
ţȻĶˣǽھͿʼɣׯ˵ͷε˵
ãҳֵ˵ͷ
ҳٴλصԵߡ
ԣһĽԣׯ˶ˡҲǺܺġһµߣͽлȼĽԣȷʵЩˡҲҪ˾κεѹȺǧǿǰ̣ǺΣաǾδǾ̳ǧǿ⣬㲻ҪǣӦԡҳϴžһȣ˵
Ծ˵Щʵǿοԡ˼ǣþԲҪѹҪòʧܣúܶ˼ЦȵȡЩ⣬һﾰԵ
˵ʵҳ˵ЩҲЩжġ
ûж˵ʲôҲ̫ʱ䡣һԼͻҳϺݺݵķйеı֮
ϣҽȥˣſڣԶҳϵ
ţסˣҪСģҵͷ
žԲȡԽһ֮󣬻Χʯǽڣ͸ߣԿڲԵӰ˿õȵʯݣһֱȽĿʯͣԸı͸ȡ
Сӽȥˣ
ϷʼҸҴģСֲ֮һյʱ䡣Ц˵


2630 
ô˶һ˵ĽԣҲˣ
صǣׯ˶ˣСӵĻȡƻɹˡ
ߣСܴӻȻԺҶҪúһĦȭƵ˵
Щƽʿͻ̸ۣǳϣҲûš
ҳϣܸܲǣôģǲΪʲôҪͬþСһнԡղϿ˵
ׯѯ
ׯǸֱӾĿģݺݵĴҳһ
ҳϲǾôϣɹɣٳдżϷʡ
ҳϣղ١
ȷʵΪпܽɹһ󣬾ԾǻˡҳЦŵ
ղϴЦ
мλҲǵҳϵЦ
ҳϣҲǻ˵ЦˡһֱҶΪҳϾûвʱ򡣡ղ
ղ֣ʱҳҲأٳϵ
棿ҳΪһոսһµܽΪߣ棿ҳϲʶղҡͷ˵
ˣһһ͡
ǣǹҳѿʵϣڲһĿθˣȾԽʧܣĹС
»ڲϵ֮ľʵǺܼҵġңԼϵõԴԼϵӵǿʢ
ٳ˵ûȷʵģҳϵϣȻǴŵЦݡ
ȻҲЩջ𡣲ʱѹŻ
ղϣͱ˵ˡҳϣѾǽХøˡɽ΢΢ü˵
Х㣬˭֪
ҳϣХø㣬ҲһɣЩ˰ɽϣ˼
ߣղɨɽһۣǿзһ
ʱڻڣԵĲԣǿʼˡ
ڻڵľԣǿ羰ġ۾һɫȡλãǿԿȾͷġչֻҪߵȾͷҴȥͨԣɽˡ
ߵע֮£̤һȵǽϣһꡯǽϣһԲסһ̣ԲУһɫӰӷɳɫӰӲ󣬲аƴӡɫӰٶȺܿ죬մԲڷɳͳžԳ˹
һ
𣡡а
ڲ֮ǰԾѾ֪ҪԵһֽⶫǻеܣ𿴻Ҳܴ󣬵ȴǿٶҲǳݡѰĻƽʿԲ׽ķй켣
һЩƽʿл߽ԵʱֻԵһֻʱ򣬾ͻΪӦǿȲ㣬ôڵһαоͻˡ

Կһͺȡȭͷ͵ǰ˳ȥȭͷиٷеĻ𡣻һֽУ׷˳ȥײڻȵǽϡײǽڣˤ䵽棬ܿ·ԵһȭȻûжص˺
Լǰߡ
߳ڶǽϳ˵ڶԲףڶֻɳһֻǰһֻͬʱԡǷǳ͵ġֻƺϣ·ԡ
ӽ󣬾˫ȭ
䣡䣡
ֻ׷ɳȥֻ̤֮֡
ڣԵÿ߳һһֻһѭ򽥽Ḷ́ʵҲһֶߵıౣ߾Լܲסʱ򣬿ѡˣͲԸĻڻڼǰ壬ô߽ں̵ܶʱڣҪԶϰֻĻĻǼյġ
Сȷʵ
е˼Ҳǿ׼ȷץķй켣
أŵֻ𣬵˺棬Ҫϰֻʱȶǻ⡣һסǿգۼϾͻϰٸ˿ڡȻˣȻֵܼڣ
棬߻ڶԾָָ㡣
ָָУԲϵǰСԵĻԽԽ֮࣬ĳȭٶҲԽԽ졣ڻߵһʱȺˣǶˡΪʱԵѳԤˡҪڻУ߳һ·̣ǿɲ׵顣ڴӪжĻƽʿһĿҲֻٲֶѡ


2631 
ڻڵľԣʱԵĻѾʮֻҡֻվۿܸܵǼʮֻǿԣ̩ɽ
ˣ
⵽ʲôٶȣûз֣ĿǰΪֹδֱӻ塣ÿһΣܾȷޱȵĲ׽ķй켣ˣܰٷְٵĻл𡣡
ǡ
ǣ벻ͨ
ƽʿΪߣḶ́ڳľ˵İ˵ЩѾǻεˣЩδĻƽʿǾҲۿ˵Ľ̡
ЩʧܵĲ˵ǽɹߣҲڻǰеһ󣬻𹥻ġ
𹥻壬ҲǺġߵĲԣжǿȷĿ顣
ǻڵľԣĿǰûбֱӹ塣
ǺεȵķӦٶȺ͹ٶȣ
ڣѾûΪֻǿΪƽʿˡĽȷʵУĽȻ󣬵ǵĹٶԲͨ߿̫ࡣڷϣһɵģҪķʱϰһ㹥ٶȹˣҲܹķй켣м侫׼Ԥ
ԣڻǰС
ղϡٳϵˣЩˡ
ʵͲ̫ҪˡǽԽʧˣǾѾڻ߹һľ룬ǷǳǿĳɼˡһʧܲҪԾԵıֿò̫ʱ䣬һܽɹʱ䣬ᳬһꡣ
ʣȻšǷХҲԶ޷뾰ȡ
ֵˣ
ǰ̫ǿˣǡ֮ǰһЩΪ̫ˡ
ڿֵǸ
ҳµߣһüЦ
˵ֵܻ᲻һνɹ
ڵ״кܴءɹĻǾǻˡԺ󣬿ɾͱǵȼˡһЩƽʿ̾˵
ڣԾԽԽУԵܣԶǻȿռ䱾Ͳ󣬼ʮֻϰֻٵķɣȥǺɫӰӡ
ڣߵ˻ȵľͷ
ֲԣȷʵûκεѶȡ΢㣬ǾҪˣһɨֻа
ûڲԹУһֱú΢С
߼ͿԳˡ
ʱ󣬾ԵӰһȵľͷ߳뿪ڵĻ½ķɻҵǽڵԲ֮С
ԣصȵһߣҳϺׯ˹֡
˾̾ҳЦ
˲ãҳϣļһѽɽϿ˿ԣֿ˿ҳϣ˵
̫˼ˣڲУһζû𹥻ǵϰֻķ񹥻ͥһĴӦԡһ΢΢ҡͷп
ղϼˣɫǺˡ
Ҫ֪Ӧñļġڳǩʱղ鵽˾ԡǣԾԷǳĲãżҳϣͬԷХԼ˾ԡǷХȷʵʺܸߣڿ뾰ԣȫǲͬεš
ХܱΪţǾԾеĹ
һµʱ䣬ͨ˻ߵĲԣɹΡ
⡭
Щ»ĸ߲㣬Ҳδ顣˵»ڲûֹţ˵ѹû˵ЩΪǿ֯
ղϣӦףΪ˵þԽв˰ɣҳתĿĬղϣЦʵ
Բ֮ǰղǰͱˣҳûеʱԷҲЩջġղѹһѹԼѿأѿղԼ
ϢǣԱӦñղļģղֽƿ⣬ǽһţ͸ҳϰ
ղϵı飬֪ղжôĺˡ
ʵҳϣǰѾչ¶ʵԵĲԹ̣Ҳʵޡ˵ԵĻԣ
ȻˣХСҲ㲻ԷХʣӦüھͿɽΰɣҳãֲһ䡣
ղϣ嶼ڶţ·Ҫðˡ
ԣĽԱַǳãڿʼǻȼˡׯʱ򣬿ڶԾ˵


2632 Է
Σ㲻ٴС
Ժ󣬾Աȡۣ߳ϻлΡԣҲΪ»ӻƽʿεߡԿ϶ǣ»ׯעؾԵС
ȻˣԾ˵صԴ
лׯˣٴζׯ֣ел
ׯˣνΪߣܹõʳԼΪĵ⡣
ֻһƿĻǿܲԼɵһɱ䡣ҲڿǣԼǲҪŽλᣬֱӽƷΣһǵߵĲΡ
»ĳϺׯǵ߲ΡΪεߣԾ˵Ҳʲôܡ
㵹ǹֱӵİھҪԴׯ΢΢Ц
δһƽʿڽȼԼܵõġҳϣһԸЦһһμԵʱ򣬾ҲԼΪƽʿȡ顣
ԣԴƺǸ⣬ȴνӡ
չ涨ɵһƿղ˵
ׯû˵ܵõٽȿˡʱ˵ǲǡġΪԲµߣҳϵˡ»ȻصĽ׼ҳҲǿԽеġͱ羰ڸոսΪƽʿ󣬰ͨı׼ܵõһƿ齱ҳֱӸ˾ƿ顣
ڣׯû˵ҳҲû˵ղ˵Խˡ
üղһۡ
ԣ⡣ţǰ»϶صࡣԴϣҲбͨı׼ϡҳ϶Ծ˵
ҳϣֻ˵ΪãҲǰ»ԴҲףҪԴԸոսȼͱ˰ɣղЦһ˵
ղϣȷʵЩþԽХˡľѳۣҲáʱûз˼ԼΪ෴ֻŭȻѲܳΪµĳԱҲҳ̫⡣ղ񣬱Ͼǰ»һĳϡ
ׯҿȸһƿţһʱ俴˵ղתĿׯ
ǰԽʱ䲻ҲԵ˷ѣö٣Ҫ˵ƿӦǸʵġٳ˳ھͽղϵĻ˵
ʱ򣬾Щȥˣ˫ü
ЩڱôԼʵҲǺ⡣ﱻ˵䣬޹ؽҪûʲôӰ졣˵ģȴԴֱӹϵеġǲٳĬˡ
һЦ˵ӪҶԴƺׯҳϴ˾ġҳߣҾͲ̫ףǶλʲô֣Ҷֵõָֻţ
˵ʱĿǿղλϵġԣûָգڳˣ֪̾˵λָ˭
Сӣô˵ģղû뵽Ըҵ漥ԼھԻºһ²ɫȵ
ˣСӵ찡ŸոսΣ͸ɶԳԺ󣬻ˣٳ˿ŵ˵
ڳϣĴӪߣҲĿɿڴĿžԡ
涥ײӪϣȻܳЩƽʿߣ۳ϵĶû٣˵ˣǲ
𣿡
⾰ԣȻ˵ղϺٳϴʲô֡ˣ
ҿǲ֪Լ˭ˣԼʺãĿһˡ

ȸߣ׷˵
ѵ˵дĿղ˶ӣĿУаֵã
ڳǰȫûаһͷӡ
ղϣѾ֪ѡڴӪʱͲͬ⽫ڴӪǩ鵽ңֵĲ⣬ҳԷХҡ㣬ԸԳˣͨεĽԣжҵ͸ˡԣٹ˽ıһǴѹңԼ˵
ЩղУ˫Ŀڽɱ⡣ȻϵϣС
ԣ˵ˣҳֹԣҲԵĻһ
Ų٣˹ɡƳϣҪõģ
Сӣٳŭȣ
ղϿЦ˼ɱȻ
ׯ㿴ˣˣ⻹ûأСȫϷ˰ղׯ߰


2633 ̫
磬׼֮ѹƱȻԪҪֲöࡣ
˵½ƵˣһƷƶƷߣǶɱ֮
ʱղϣԾǶԾԶɱġ
߰š
꣬Ƕׯ㣬ҹȻˣղŭĿԲ
ɱӣղԺڰ»㣿ղǰ漸仰Ϊ˳һ̵档
Ͼڻȵı̫ˣѰ½ߣղϿһ仰˵ֱӾͳֽɱˡ
»ׯҲüԵУȷʵںܴ⡣ղҪɱԣûֹǿֹ»ղϵǿҲղϣϣĴӪߣ顣ҿͷԺܻи¼֡ΪׯҪǺܶࡣ
ׯɣʵȱס˵ġҳϣϣҳʲô취һ¡
ղɱңǺǣȷԼ𣿡ʱ򣬾ֿˡ
ÿһοڣʯ쾪
һ˵Ŀࡣ
һ½Ļߣһεĳ˵ɱң
ڳߣֱԼ۾
ԣ֪֪֮ĲࣿССһƷѣǾƷӽεߣҲڵεǿǰ˿
Ҫ֪ղϿƷߣ»ڣղϵʵǿǰġղҪɱƷߣһ㡣ԣȴԲѵ˵ղûʵɱ
̫ˣ
̫ˣ
ֱ޷죡
һΣׯҳ϶ˣҲãԼҵκˣ¾Ǿţ޷ǱҲýܱնɱȻ½ˣ
ղֿЦЦоǷŭ
޷ӣղϣһ̤ĳ
Ŀ꣬ȻǾԡƣǿղŭҪһƾͽԳ׵һƣóȫʱﻹʲôɱҪʹüɵһ֣ȫԸ
Ц
ղϵƣûǰʵѾоһ̺ȻûеҲֱӸܶԷĹԿɲѰˡڻԪʱ򣬾Ծͼվ۷Ĵڡɵۣû뾰ƥСøʦߣʵھǰҲǴ·ģֻǿ󣬾ԵĹ˺Щˡ
Ѱ·
֪ôģ
ʣǴӪʱգضܳͷصġȴղϴˣǡ
Ҳ˿
ҳϣҲ޷ˣ͵ţɣ
ڳߣ׷ҡͷеϧеȤĿ֣ĿþԱղɱ
ҳһᣬһ׼֣סղ϶ԾԵĹȻûɣ˵ܹ»ӪܱסԵ
ٶȺܿ죬һ˱ٶȸ졣նҪղϣԾһǰԣӦս
ʱ˿̣΢΢תУ棬΢нת⵱Ȼǵǹγɵڴ߶֮תֵĹΡ
ʯ֮䣬Ե壬ղϽӴˡӴ㣬ǾԵһָղϵơ
ղĿɱڣС֡һ̣͸оһʹʹϯȫȸоʹ󣬲һɾ޴ײûκλ͵أ壬ʯһ㵯˳ȥ
ԣȵվԭأջԼָ
ʵҲɱңɱңɱ𣿡ŷɳȥˤڵϵղϡ
Եһָûֱɱղ񡣲ӴԺղûʲôֺˡƣ͸ȫ͹衣ԺͷŶ
ۣղϣһѪӿ
ʱԵûκεɱ⣬ǳ˾֡ӽôʱ˿ֲĵ˽ֹĵ׾;ȫͲһεġ˫Ĳ࣬޷
ȸԭ촵磬ҲͣЪˡˣֻͣǿųСǣ·գıܶˡǣⱲӶ޷ȴĿֲһĻ


2634 
ҪɱղĻղʱǲܻŵġ
Ծ˵ղ޹ؽҪңղڵſֱܱɱʹࡣղŲ̫ãͻѰ˶ȥ½
٣ǲҲɱң۾һת΢΢ٳϡ
˼ֱڡ
ɱԣԼˡ
ǴΧߣöѻȸŷ飬Ǵ̫ˣҪԼĿҪһЩʱ䡣һָͷشղϣⳬǵ֪ǵļţ޷ġ޷һ˽ߣôʵġ
ûٳϡ
˵ׯˣҳϴˣû̫ʱ䣬ҪԴԣܷռȼ
ƷһƷƷչҪһһġ
ߣ㵽ʲôˣׯڡ
ⲻ˾Եǿ󡣾ǰ»ƿصһС󳡽ģӦòһµĽߣȿֲ̫ˡ
ׯЩҲ޷˵Ҷ԰»ûκεĶ⡣ڡڰ»ᣬ˰»ԴδҪʱһ»ᡣԳһ˵
ӻԪһû취˵˵ˣ»Ҳ⡣֪Ԫߣ»˾ԲСʲôΡߣ̫һЩھԿǵεߣҲ൱ڻԪﾳΡƷҲڤվȡ
ԾߵʵңԶԶǶ֡ԣﻹʲô塣ׯεЦЦ
ɣʱڰ»ᣬȵһ³ΣׯһתǣӦöԴҲûɣ
ûУ
ȫûУԾֵʵǰ»᳤ϣ´࣡
оԳǰ»ᣬǰ»ʵɾʹˡԺ󸽽ļ֯ٸ£
Ϸ׷˵гޱɵľѹղϣʲôʵȻǳԽ˵ΰǿߣڸ֯ڣҲǲڵġǿڰ»ᣬǰ»컯Գϻܰ»ռһЩ̣
ϣ΢ü
ׯǲǱҪһЩ񣿱һЩߵ⡣Ե
ôʣׯ֪ǲ¡
ԳǲӪ£ҲȫԵġׯ˵
УҵγҲԣԵ˵ͷ

ԵסΪϺסȻǾݻࡣ
ԳϴˣķΣһЩׯ˻ϴԵѡһֵıһȼϸߵĻߣһЩ
ˣԽӹκԴֵͲҪˣллׯ
ߣׯߵĽ
ԲҪʵҲҪñǣȫĻǶԱҪǷǳߵġѰϵı޷סġ»ĵطȻ̫зǳ߼ı
ǻ߸뿪󣬾Իдɽĳۡ»ڣ߼ξǵΡ
»ׯֱ¸ʮƿҲǺܶ࣬»ϾǿһóʮƿׯҲǷһЩġȻˣЩ͸ʹãڰ»û˻飬Ҳûڮپԡ
ղǰˣٳϻȥͱչز¶ͷˡ
ԿֱӾ̷һƿ
һ¡
ãöһֱϣʼٵĸ塣
ЧȷʵǱǿöࡣһƿ꣬Աоһθ˼ԵĽٷһƿһθӦǰ϶ˡ
գ
ˣһθ죬ˣԸı仯죬ȫͬڻԪĵ졣
УȷʵȻͬϵ
һθɺ󣬾Լľ쵽Լ壬ƺɱбȻΪĲ֣һӡһıֿĿռڡЩֿռ䣬ھԵĸӦȽģȷţپ༸θ죬ӦԸ֪øΪˡ
֪øĴڣɱٴˣת
øߣڲÿһռ䣬ܶǿڵľԣߵΪܴôֲһЩ


2635 
ѽΪ»᳤ϣҪһȺߡڰ»ӪԳ⣬û顣
ղϱ˺ҲܼгϵְµߣǱ䵽¡⣬Ҳ뾰ûʲôϵҲСε߷䣬ҳϻõĺôģ뾰֮ǰ´˼ֱӵĹϵ
ҵҪɵڶɱ䣬ѶȱȵһɱҪԴҪȵһɱֲöࡣУѰ˼š
ĵһɱɣһЩƿҪɵڶɱ䣬һ£ǽԼеȫ꣬Ҳ
ԶڶɱĿȴ˿ɵһɱ֮¡һɱɺ󣬾ΪȷеķеģҪǿ
Ū
ǣΪ߼Դ
ʱҴң۾ǰ¹ȥˡ
һգ»Ӫͻ䡣ǣɫԵأ˾ۼһʲô
м϶ҲǷһ㣬ֱȥҳϣѯʷʲô顣
Գϣ֪£ҲǴͳˡҳ̾ϢһεĿЦ˵ÿһ³Ͻˡ
³ϽĪҵĽйأüʵ
ȷʵˣҳϿžԵͷҲûʲôϵһҲˡׯ԰³ϵҲᷢ顣һΣǼׯ԰ƴһЩˡ
ô£Ҳ
ҳ϶˶٣ڻ⸽ׯ԰ǰ»ׯ԰ׯ԰֮һׯ԰Ƶڣׯ԰ڷʲô飬ҲǺסׯ԰ġҲ֪ʲôʱʼһׯ԰³Ͻׯ԰ͻǿǰ󡣴ʱĸׯ԰ǿߣǰ»ׯ԰󡣡
ҳϵĻˡ
ΪҽΪϣǾǰɣԵ
ȷʵⲻԾԳ㡣κһׯ԰½ϣǶΡֻһΣƱѰܶࡣҲ˵ԳǽǾŰɣҳصĵ˵ͷ
ׯǳȥ𣿡תʡ
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ԳϣҪʲôһԻ治ԣæʵ
ȥЦЦҳϣ㲻ùңȸǣ
˵ţԾת˳ȥֱׯ԰ȥ
Գϴǣ
ϴƺׯ԰ģѵ
ǣԳϴʵǿЩ쵰ԹԱ죡
ҪҪȥ
ׯ˻λϴˣҪǲóׯ԰ģ˭ҷ棿
ǲþԳϴһȥЩ˰ɣ
ׯ԰ڵߣ׷׹񡣵Ⱦ߹ȥǾͷ֣Գׯ԰ŵġʱׯ԰⣬ĸׯ԰ǿ߽ġԳʲôѾˣ
Ƭ̺󣬾ߵ˰»ׯ԰Ĵš»Ӫ󣬾⻹ǵһγšδ߳洫һĽׯ԰ŵĻƽʿҲŭĿԲǺ߷ߵŶ档
»ˣͷڹô
»ߣһôãһҳŵĶûа
ٲǿɾͳȥˣ

ĸׯ԰ߣšҪ»ׯ԰
ڰ»ׯ԰ȺˣϵķΣȫǵۡʹǣǵߣҲĸׯ԰ϼлׯ
˵ԣǳ˵ð»ᣬá
ţҵõϢ»ղϣԻˡ
ҲɾˣҪ˵ǸоԵܻղһǲ̫ŵġղƷߣô׾ͱˣ
ô˵оԵģ˰»½ϲûˣ
ׯ԰ĵ߾һСƬط̸š


2636 ղ
»ׯ԰⣬ۼߴʮ˵ӡ⼸ׯ԰ģ»࣬ô˵ׯ԰ߴ󲿷ֶˡ
ѹҳϻ˵һΣǼׯ԰ŪƱȽϴ

ʱһϹЦڡ
󣬲һڣһׯ԰ģ˲ϢͰǾ͸ż׽
˵Щ߲ͬһׯ԰ԣһׯ԰ׯڣׯ԰ӦҲ̫šɴʱԣ˵󣬳֮ˣһӱþ
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ϵķΣ˶ȻͬϷεβǴɽƲʡ
ҲûϵҶоԵСһҲܺ档治ҾͽȥһȦ˵Ц˵
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˵ֻֻ˵˵Ͼǰ»Ӫûͬ¾ͽ룬Ǻܲʵģ˵ׯ԰֮ս˵ĻȴȻڶ˵ġˣҲΪڿЦȻ»ӪԿ׺ʵ
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ûзֵߣһ𳤿ղεߡ
ϵ֮ϲǳա»ᡢɻׯ԰ǲڳߵġЩׯ԰ʵǿׯһҲƷƷѡ»ׯǰƷδƷ
ߵƷɲǸׯ԰ڡǴ˵ۣƷֻһƷѡϵĳۣҲֻһɽƷߵķϣƵǾŵ
ֵķϣĶƲʣ˵Ʒߡѹ֣һڣ˶ҳǰȻҪĴ
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»ׯھ͸óӭӲǡԷִ˲𾴣߶˳˵άų߷֡
һƬУһͻȻ
ʲôڴģҰ»£Ӱ»ׯ԰ţ߳һӰ
˵ģǾԡ
ϴˣűߵĻƽʿԣæ
Զƽʿڰ֣ʾǲض
漸ׯ԰ߣԵͬʱתĿһЩˣĿⷺɭȻ⡣
Ǿԣɻׯüëһͳ
ۣӦǰ»᳤ϡ֮ǰ»ĳϣǶʶĿ˵ǷǳϤˡǲʶԣͲѲ³ǰ˾ǰ»½Ͼԡ
ûҾǾԡΪҰ»ׯ԰ⳳ֣۾΢УɨŶ⼸ʮߡ
Ƿߵϡ
һȺУַ˲ͬȻһ۾ɨ
ƲΣǳ߰ׯ԰Ȼгߣԣҳôû˵ת
Ȼ³ղεߣֻЩˡ˵ĸׯ԰Ӧ»ģĳׯ԰гղׯ԰ȻͲ»Ĳˡ

Դҳ뿪ʶׯ԰һǼׯ԰ˡ
ת󣬾ȥׯˡ
ҳϣׯԼס΢Цк˵
ׯˣԳ˵Ǽׯ԰ȥȺˡ˵
ʱҳϣʵҲ̫żΪԾԵʵġղϣǱһָͷشԳϵʵöǿׯ԰ĳϼҲ̫ǾԳ϶֡Ȼھ뿪ׯȴҲ̫ġ
ʲôׯ⻰ɫȴǴ䡣
ãǿȥׯæ˵ͬʱͶ
ҳ΢΢㵣ׯ˵ׯ̫İɣԾԳϵʵ㱻ȺʱҲʲô󰭵ġ
ҳϣ㲻֪ʱǰ»ׯ԰Щˣǵߣһλղεǿ߰ׯӿٶȣн͵
ʲôԣɫž䡣
ߣôܣô֣
ҳϣ֪ͨϣңһׯٵ


2637 ǿ벻
»ׯ֪λƷߵġ
ģԷͻԷܻᱻŭֱɱ˾ԡ
ׯҲΣôôɣھԽΪϺǷߵɻͣûзڵĻôĸׯ԰в»ׯ԰Ǽׯ԰ǿׯҲԶǾԳϵĶ֡
»ׯٶׯ԰űжȥ
ׯ԰ڵĴߣǿһĻǾԳ߳ׯ԰ţׯ˻𼱻ǵĸԣҪˡǰΪׯͳϴǶǳׯ԰ׯ;Գϴ˶ȳׯ԰ˣȻҲҪȥ
ҳϣæ֪ͨλϡǣܿ㶼֮ǰɨصٳŴº󣬶˷䡣ڵٳ϶ԾԻһЩԹԱ»ׯ԰ҪĳͻȻԾԳϵԹҪǿöࡣ
ǣԼׯ԰Ǻǿġʵϣǳ϶ׯ԰кǿУЩʵһЩߣͬˡΪǼǽڰ»ׯ԰ƿؿ󳡵ġǣǽ»ׯ԰Լҵģɳġ

˶֪֪λ˭ɻׯüŭ⾰ԡ
ˣҲ׺ݵĿⶢžԡ
˼ʶҡҡͷ̬⡣
ɻׯӶҪɳӡ
һֱ鵭ĮķߣʱҲЩòסˡˣǿ档ڣһСׯ԰½ӣϹҲס
½ϣʶֵѵԷԼϵ䳤Ҳʶ
ղεߣܴ䳤ۡоԵˣ֪ܲ䳤ۡȻ֪ȴһΪȻ̬ڴֵˡ
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Сӣζ˰ɣѵִ˶֪
ִˣԶҲĴˡСӣѾΪ»᳤ϡô㲻ᣬҲҲ֪ɣ
ҶԷִϧ
ׯ԰ĵǿߣ׷׺ȳ
ҲᣬȰ»ᡢɻСׯ԰ǾȻƷߣڶҲڣҲĳϡ˵Ҳڣǿ߻в١»ׯ԰ȴһ߶ûеģɼеĲࡣ
Ҳ᣿üë
ҵ֪ҲᣬƺһȽϴ֯ǶҲߣҰ»ׯ԰£ҲʧΪ»ׯ԰ϣӦֹԻһת˵
㡭ֵɫǳ׵ĺֱ۸߸߹𣬿óڵȣҪֵӡ
»ׯ԰ʵҲǿ֣û˰»Ĵ㡣ĳߣ»Сׯ԰ˢˢڸУǱӦȤŶԡ
ȴ벻ǻᱻڴһСС½ӣ
ǿ벻̣
Сӣɻׯһȳ˾ԡ
ǣڷǰһԼȻʶߣҲһЩϵԼߵĹϵһʱһѵõĻᡣϷŭޱȣ·Ҫ˾ԵӣʵǺֺǵģþԸһαݵĻᡣ
ɻׯϮԣڼٵıУжһųҪһɱӡ
ɻׯȶ֣ߣ㶼ûжԸ»ׯ԰һ½ϣΧĻǾЩˡɻׯԳ֣ѾݲԵˡɻׯӦ³ϳֲǡҲɻׯΪμԳ֣ڷִˢøС

ʵҲҪԿųԼķɻׯе˵
ʱ򣬾ǲŲæģ仰˵꣬ûӦԵ̬
Сˣ
ɻׯǿǰƷߡֻһ㣬ͿɽƷСԷɻׯĹд󣬺Ǻǡ
Խҳ
ߣڵŷɻׯһ»ׯ԰½һɱ
˵ʱʱ죬ɻׯǵ˾ԵĽгݺݵž˹ȥ
ɣɻׯ¶Цеĳ뾰ԵԴѾܽһ̣ɿԴõľˡ
ʱ򣬾ԵӰͻȻζһ¡ģУǿƺ˴Ӱƣڷɻׯǰһ¡
Ϊٶ̫죬Ĳ׽һʱ䣬˻ЩûӦ


2638 Բ
һ̶ĲҺɻׯЩֵ壬ǵ˳ȥ
ٿԣվԭλãûƶ
̫ˣԵٶ̫ˣ
ЩߣһƬհסǰдţ˵ǰ»½Ͻ»ղشԣûΪġһ½ߣôشղƷߣ
ڣǲźȻ֣ǵ̫ƶˡ
ھԽɻׯɳȥʱ»ׯҲǳׯ԰ĴţպÿһĻͫ΢΢һ²΢ͣ٣ֿǰ
ִˣ»ׯ߹˹
ֵĿӾƶ»ׯϣֿԡ
չֳʱҲʮֵ𺳡ɻׯǰƷߣ͸˵ǳˡǾԣɾͽشʵѾﵽ˳߲˰ɣ
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ڷɻׯԣչ¶ٶʵ̫ˡƷգЩûˡ
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࿴˷ɻׯһֿۣ˵ִ˵ãʧԶӭ¡ִˣ뵽ׯ԰һ
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ھԵУκεѹ
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»ҳϵˣʱҲׯ԰š󣬻дȺׯ԰ߡ
λǶʲô£ҺܿͿԽġԳЦЦҡҡͷ˵
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ҵˣ֪ղžѾֳ׵ˡ
ǰ»᳤ϣԷִ˵»ᶼΡ࣬»ˣɻׯڽ£ԵһȻûƵŷ񱨸顣
Ѿʶʵǿߣзִڣʲô־ǣԻɣܶҲڷִǰֹˡеʧ˵
ԣܽһвұٴοڡ
£ֱһ漴жһɫĳ
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֣Աƽ
ղεߣȷʵǿ˲١ӣԪϵͨڤվ޵ˣת
ֵٶȣҪǷɻׯö࣬ת˲䣬߾͵˾ԵĽǰȫаɫ
ԳСģ
ҳϵˣѾԡ
ﾰԵֵһǵʵǷʵǲ̫ˡǵٶȣ͸Ϸߡ
ɻׯ⼸ׯ԰ߣĿж¶˷ܵɫִԳˣ⾰ǿҲﵽղΣҲܵסִ˵һִˣǿƷղεǿߡ
ۣǰɫʱͻȻ֡
Ŀ֮£Եƣץס˷ߵİɫҲûʲôǰɫǱǶաߵ壬΢΢ɫٲܴ
Ц¶ݡֻ΢˶ָǰɫ͵˷ߡûǵˣ䵽˾ԵСһ裬ɫ˷ߵļϡ
߿зƺһ޷ǿֱӾͱҵſ˵ϡ˽µʯ棬һ¡ſλãһЩһԶ
СԲ֣Կ˿ɫҡҡͷ
΢һ°ɫһĻڳеߣŵð


2639 ׯ
ƷߣǶҲĳϡʵݣʹõȻƷʷǳõġ
һɫڰ»ᡢɻׯ԰ڶҲ֮ͬȡ
ɴʱһɫȴھ궯֮£Ϊ촷ۡ˵Ŀע£ɫΪƮɢܣ
Ƕôֲ
㡭ɫҰס
ʱŭͷɵצ۹ȥˡʣµģǿ־塣ɫͳ̶ȣȻһԣ赭дͰֵ촷ۣǶҲʵǿׯﲻôܻŲŭ
ȫͬΰ
зɻׯʱȫɸһ㡣ԻˣҪ»ᶼҪǣڣȫɵˣ
Գϡ»ׯ࣬Ŀžԡ
ԭΪԿŴﵽ˳ղߵʵڿȷʵˡǴﵽղΣֱѹղ߰
̫ˣ
תĿ˿࣬˵ͷֿڳǼׯ԰ߡ
ڣ֮Уɻ˶԰»᲻Կ⼸ʮˡ
û˵
ʲôЦׯ԰ߣһͷԴ̧ˡǻ»ᣬҲԡ
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ǿԾܾȻ󣬾ܾĻҾҪԵׯ԰ˡڳˣȻ׾ԵĻԾԱֳʵȥǵׯ԰Ǻ⼸ׯ԰ûκһׯ԰΢赲»ᾰԳϵĽŲ
ˣ֪֪ǾҪ⳥٣һ׳ŵʵ
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ʹ찡
»ׯ԰û˵ǿƹĸоûа취á
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󣬵ׯ԰ׯ˵˰»ⷢ󣬻һı顣лǲԸ»̸⳥ģȴòûеӿܡҲķֳϣſڵ϶ãʲô»ᾰԳϽа塣
ûʲôˡԣڰ»ׯ԰Ǽׯ԰⳥͹ԾԼ㣬Լõƿⲻ󡣶»ᣬҲɽһµ̣Ǽׯ԰ԼĲֿ󳡸»ƿءҪΰˡ
»ڣ˶Ծԣӵľηˡ
˿ԳϣǾԼׯ԰Ĵһλǿڣ»ׯ԰ԺͿԺˡ룬ƬϣǶҲᣬҲǰӰ»ׯ԰

ׯ࣬ׯ԰ҵȳϣһͬס
ׯλϣôһˣʲôˣԿһЩʵ
Գϣһ¡ׯ
ǣҲžԡ
ʲô£ǲǼׯ԰вģ΢΢һ
⳥̸еû˳Ǽׯ԰ׯʱѾִǰ»ׯ԰ˡ˵ģһ¡󣬾Գ㵣ΰ»ׯ԰ׯ
Ŷһ㶡
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֪Գ㲻¡ԷģΪׯҲùׯ԰ڵ¡ׯ԰תǰһҿĸ֣һׯ˵
ԴˣǼλׯģǶΪׯ԰źܴĺôԾԴ㣬ҲʲôӰ졣ҳҲ˵
ϣ׷׵ͷ
ׯ飬˼ǹģԶһ£Žʡ
ǵģصͷ
Уׯ԰תǰһң͹ҸׯɣԵͷ˵
̫ˣ
Դ˳Ϊǰ»ׯǰ»ׯ԰ļò˶þɣ
ͳǣܸ˾ͬΪ»ׯ


2640 ܻ
ԳΪ»ׯڰ»
ׯһׯ԰߼һׯ԰ׯʵУׯ԰˿϶Ͳǿ
Ϊׯ󣬽ɸׯȻׯ԰̸⳥ľˡ˵̸Уʵ˵ѹեǼׯ԰ĵܵե档
̸к˳
ֹ죬Խƿ͵˾ͬʱвٵĿ󳡡»ׯ԰ĵ̣һһӡǼصׯ԰Ȼۣҧ˸ׯҪ
ˣЩ󳡣Ϊׯ԰ʲɡ
Щ󳡣ԴԴϵĲ飬С󳡲Դ̫٣ҪԴҪǣ߼ԴԾãԼеɱʱ򣬿ԴЧ̫ˡ

֣Ļص˶ҲӪ
ڰ»ׯ԰⣬ԴſڵأĶƲأһʱɻָ
ָջصҲᣬ㱻Ҳׯ˹ȥҲׯѾ˵˷ڰ»ׯ԰ѯʣľ
˵˺ɾͰʹõ촷ۣҲׯЩ𶯡
Ի˷֣ҲׯЩ棬һСׯ԰ϾųԽƷյʵҲǾˡǵ֪ɵĽΪ촷ۣǿɾȫͬˡ
ʵׯ¶Ȳϡ
ȷʵˣʱ»⣬мʮСׯ԰ĵҲˡֱ鰵˵
£ҳѡ֣ҲûҪҲׯΪԼΪк֪ׯδǾԶ֡
ǸԣɲⰡֳϣǶҲᣬȥˡ˵֮ϡֻ൱ҪҲ̫ˡҲׯصı˵
ׯˣҪȥҰ»ᱨҲȰġǸԣʵĺǿֵ˵ͷҪǣҲǽΪУʵɱҺܼ򵥣ֻҡ
ţÿͺáƬ򣬳ôһǿˣȷʵ
ҪȥһˣǿˣܼǶҲĻǶҲӦûǼԸֳϣʱϣܷĽᡣҲׯŷ˵
סԸҲᣬһȥǸֵͷ
Ҳׯձ뿪ׯ԰ǰ»Ӫ˾ԣĿûдɡԣʱû뿪»Ĵ㡣
ҲȷʵǱȰ»ǿöׯ԰ǶҲܸṩԴҲޡԣԾܾ˶Ҳׯ롣ȻҲׯʧҲûжŭ
»ƬȷʵһӾССׯ԰֪ˣ»ׯԣһǿˣҲׯ԰ׯȥ»ᣬҲᡣ
ЩǶԾûʲôӰ졣ԣǽڶɱϡǼׯ԰⳥ƿɵڶɱû⡣
һգׯԡ
ܻ᣿ظһᵽ֡
ܻᣬ֣綼кܴ
˵ҲȰ»ׯ԰ǱȽϴׯ԰ˡǶҲܻȣǾǰϡҲᡢ»ȵׯ԰ҲڴܻӰ䷶ΧڡȻˣڴܻӰ췶ΧڣдıȶҲǿʢöׯ԰
ׯҾбҪȥܻһˣڴܻׯɽΪղߣεߡڴܻղΣɵõ߼˵
Σǳղ֮ϵĵȼεߣǷǳǿˡ
֮ǰԽʱڿϰһֽаǱȽϵͼʵȼಢ̫ࡣǽ࣬Ҳֻϰ˰ѡڴܻΪߣлõ߼ǧ
ǰϰûʲôһЩ棬Ǵлġϰ߼ܵõ洦
΢Ѱ˼ԼбҪһ¸߼ɱ䣬ɸṹγһĸӿռ䡣ǿԼӹ̸ӿռģӿռȶɴ洢
ȼĽУҲͬһЩôܻᣬ綼պׯ԰лõԴõΪ߼Դ
ãǾ׼ȥһ˴ܻᡣţȥ֮ǰҪٵһЩʱ䡣ԾҪǰܻᡣ
ڶɱ䣬ѾҪˡ㣬ĵڶɱɺ󣬱ȥܻһ⡣


2641 
Լֹ˰ңԵ˵ڶɱ䡣
ΪУԲЩѰ߿ɱȵġѰ֣߱Ҳҷ̫ࡣ顢Դǿɸ壬һҲҪѭ򽥽ΪǱ̺ǳǿʱһӷ̫࣬бΣյġ
Ծ˵ʹЩԴǲʲôΣա
˵ڶɱ󣬾Զϲı仯֪þ͸Ϊˡڣĸӿռ䣬Ҳ鶯˴ʱԿԸоЩӿռתԼҪʱĸڴ洢˲Ϣӿ
Գһ£Լеӿռ䡣ںķһЩʱ󣬾ʱͷڶɱڸӿռ䣬ȫܹеǣһȷзֻҪɱﵽһ̶ȣи߼ȹ̸ӿռ䣬ò˶ãӿռܽеķɢ洢
Ǹʱ򣬾ԱԼ壬ˡ
ڻԪʱ򣬾ԵĹУѾܼǿˡǿȣǴﵽĳܼޡ

˽ׯ
ׯˣңܿ˾ǰ
ţҴǰܻᡣ˵
Ҵׯȥȥܻׯ԰Ϥ·ߡ»ߵ飬λϿԴׯǰ»Ƭڣû˸ˡԣ뿪һʱ䣬Ҳ޷ġ
ǲӰׯ԰İȫͬȥԵ˵ͷ
йҲʽǷԼͬȥܻġʱ䲻ԻϤܻ»ֱȽңԶи˴·Ȼãܼԩ·ʡʱ䡣
ãھͳžԡ
ԣ볤˵һ£ͳɣ˵
Լһʱ󣬾Ժͽ뿪˰»ׯ԰ǰպյĴܻᡣˣȻǿ˫Ųи·磬дﵽΣ߱ƾﵽĿġ࣬ղζǣ޷и·
һ·ϣµʱ䡣ˣ˴ܻᡣ
һӴׯ԰ֱһС
ûгеģе߾ۼأ඼ׯ԰ʽڵġ
ׯܻׯ԰˿롣ׯ԰к߲ܶǴܻڲߡΪԭʱܻׯ԰ԾԽ˵
ܻᣬǵׯ԰ʡ
ׯ԰ǿ룬ׯ԰ͲˡЩߣڴܻׯ԰һЩףǴܻġ
ĽףǷǳƶģΪ磬ܽ׵Ʒ١磬ֱԴƶ񤣬һ㽻׵ģҲǻԴһЩȽϸеߣҲԹ򵽿󳡡
Ȼܽ׵ƷƶΪܻӰǳӴڴܻׯ԰ߣҲǲٵġ
ׯҪȥܿջסȻͶܻᡣõǿԽׯ԰ׯͿׯ԰нߵĲԡ˽ׯ԰󣬽ֶԾ˵
ܻᣬǽׯ԰𣿡̧üʵ
ֻҪûܻǻͬġǰ»ȻС͵ׯ԰ڴܻҲбġǰ»ᣬǴܻ䷶Χڵׯ԰ǶҲĳղߣҲڴܻеĽԡȻ˵
ֻǣǿҪһЩʱ䡣ܻһ̡˵
УǾҿջס¡Ե˵ͷ
ܻׯ԰ջʵֻһջҲǴܻٷġջǳׯ԰߽
ջ֣ͽܿջ
ԺͽܿջҪͨķ䡣ջͨ䣬ס޷òܸߡҪЩǳ߼ķ䣬þͺ˵ġջ߼ķ䣬һ춼Ҫƿ
ׯ⼸һֱڸ·쵽˴ܻᣬǺúóһ١Ц˵
µʱ䣬Ժͽһֱ··ֻܳһЩ򵥵ĸ磬ҪʳʱľԣҲԴһ١
õׯҲЦ
˾ڿջĴãһ£׼һʳáڣʳߺܶ࣬һЩ֡
ףׯัׯ
׼߹ʱһӲ󷽴
΢΢Щ죬طȻʶԼͽࣿһתĿǿ˶Ҳׯվ


2642 ͼɫ
ڰ»ׯ԰򣬶ҲǺǿһׯ԰ˡ
ԼҲׯѦһΣ֮ǰѦ嵽»ׯ԰뾰ԼҲᱻԾܾǴΡ
ѦׯȷʵҲׯ
ҲᵽܻᣬͬǷǳңԶģҲ»ȽϽ
ׯǶλôܻׯ԰ˣѦׯҲһĲ졣
ׯߣԴ˴ܻвԡ࿪˵
ԭѦׯ˵ͷԾׯʵߵȻûκġ
Ѧׯô΢Цʡ
ٹ죬ǴܻׯһεٵңμׯٵġѦׯ˵
ܻλׯһλׯһλׯ
λׯÿٰ꣬һٵ»Сׯ԰ûбʸġҲׯ԰ǿﵽ˱ʸһ˵ܻׯ԰ׯضμٵǲμӴܻׯٵΪϵΪһֽС࡯Դ
࣬һַǳ߼Դ
μӴܻׯٵߣõһЩࡣԣѦׯߣǳΰһεׯٵ࣬Ѧׯ˵ǿĶʵϣǶε߶ԣ඼ǼԻõĶ
ڴܻ䷶ΧڣֻдܻʵʿƵһܹһࡣ
ԭܻׯٵڽڰЩĽ˵
Ҳ֪ܻׯһٵǰҲûעЩ飬Ϊİ»ûʸ룬עҲá
ԾׯʵҲʸμׯٵѦׯ˿Ե
ǺǣμӲμʲôٵҵǲ̫⡣ЦЦ˵
ׯܲμӴܻׯٵǿܵõôġ˵вμٵߣԵõࡣⶫǷǳ߼Դ࿴˵
Ŷǰ֪һ㡣
ัׯ˵û࣬ǿġЩߣҲڴܻׯٵϷһЩƽʱûӴѦׯҡҡͷЦ˵
࣬Чúܶ𣿡۾΢΢
ׯͲȰֱ֮һ㣬ܶԳղṩ޴İ˵ε߶Իô
Ŷ仰Ե˼Ҳ
žԻΪμׯٵҪû뵽
ׯǰ»̫СˣׯҲ޷μӡɫ΢΢һ˵
ׯٵһЩʱſʼ뵽취ġѦׯ
ׯัׯҺͼѣԼܿջ档ǴʱӦöˡ磬Ҵǹȥʶһ¡֮Уʶܻڲߵġа취þׯμӴܻׯٵѦׯֳ˵
Ѧׯȷʵύԡ֪׾ֳ󣬾;þԵʵѦ֮ϡ뾰Խã˵Ժڹؼʱܰһѡ
ⷽ𣿻᲻šЩ⶯
ʲôأߣׯัׯʹǹȥѦׯˬĻֵ
ǶлѦׯˡվѦׯ˹֡
ѦׯžԺͽ࣬ջһڡǽʱѾˡˣŮϵķΣԶƲεĳۡ
Ѧ֣ô
ǣǿɶһˡ
ѣø𰡣ڵļˣѦׯ׷׿ڱԹ˵
ţλǣ˿˾Ժͽࡣ
һ̣ڵˣĿⶼ˾Ժͽϡ΢΢üûʲô鲨
λǸǸ뾰ׯ˵һỰ˵ʱ䡣ǽһ£λǾׯǽัׯѦׯԺͽܸڵˡ
ׯλǡţֽڵˣһһĽܸʶ
λã΢Ц˹˹ֵ
ׯׯһйӰߣƲƲ죬۾Ժͽࡣ
żԺͽϵķζǵۣĿбЩмˡҲû̶˵ʲôѦׯ߽Ϊ˲õıڣѦʲôׯ͸ׯ̲סˡ
εׯ͸ׯһСׯ԰
ôͼĲɫѦׯܸǣʲô˼


2643 
ӰУŶԾԺͽ˼Ĳм
磬ߵȼ߶Ե͵ȼѹƣǸٹ̵ġԣӰ˵Щʱ򣬾ȫûǹԺͽܲܽܡ
ʱɫ΢΢һ
ѦׯѦׯ롣ңѦׯ˵ļѿʶܻڲԱܰԻȡμӴܻׯʸܶ
Ϊ˲μׯٵûȤʶղεߣ⼸Ʒܸߡ
Ӱ֣Ծׯ˽ⲻ࣬ׯʵɲһ㳤ղܱȡѦׯæ˵ͬʱʾ⹨Ӱ
Ӱû񡣾㿴ˣҲ⡣Ѧׯ߽ǵİùӰѦׯһЩá
Ѧ֣۾ûϹϵѵǵۣӰЦ
ׯ˴ܻᣬΪ˲μӽߵĲԡѦׯεĽ͡
ѦׯѣӭǡǡȸǰɣѹеЩŭ⣬Ѧׯ
⼸˼ȻѦׯѣѦׯԼͽҲǺ⣬ԾԾûǸѦׯһЩӰɡԶѦׯӡ󣬻㲻
ȻЦһԻǾԼһ
СӻͦġΣҶԳ˷Ӱɫ˼֡
ŵĻԾԺͽ衣Ժͽ࣬ûз༥Ի뿪ǣӰǾԼˡһƷĳߣһˣܲˣ˵һơ
СӣѦʶķϣҿԲɱ㡣СҺܲʹ찡ƨ뿪ɲСӰ۾΢Уžҡͷ
Ӱ֣Ѧׯͺһ
Ѧ֣Ҳ벻ҹӰӣӰһתֿѦ˵
Ӱݲʲôׯ԰ׯһׯ԰ĳϡһܻׯ԰ҲǲμׯٵҲׯ԰ֻׯ԰ׯʸ롣͵ׯ԰ͻһЩׯԴŶλׯ԰ڵĳһͬμӴܻׯٵ
ΪݱӰȻǿڳѦ֣ʵϣѦׯҲʲô
ѦׯѽʲôѦׯ
֮ǰӰѾ˵Լ֣֮ǰܵʱѦׯҲ˵˹Ӱ֣ǾԻһѦׯ
ѦׯҲ΢΢һ㶣ʶĵׯλǹӰӰ֡
ԺѦׯԻʵùӰŭˡڳĸˣɫˡ
̫ˣ
ѦׯССȷʵ̫ˡѦרעʹӰ֣ʲô˼ڴ
ССεߣҴߣⲻ
Ӱ԰ɣ
ղ˵Ҫ뿪Сҵ֪¶һĨЦݣӰֱ
ӰŭЦ
ЦУߵǰ
£
£Ҳɱ㡣һׯŲͱǲСׯ԰ˡԺ̺ңһ˲赹ˮŮڶ£СӣҪȥӰָָԼĿ¡
ɻҪԼѡɣӰ˵
ӰԱͻȻƽҲ滺
ʱɱġ
磬Իδɱˡڰ»ׯ԰ʱȻγ֣ԶûֱҪһߵղϣšǶӰĶɱġ
ԵĻü˶΢΢һ㶡ӰȼˣΪԼˡεߣȻһƷ˵
ׯӰħĳϡѦׯҲû뵽ᷢչһ֪϶
ʵ빨Ӱ̫Ϥ빨ӰʶΪڳһˡ򵥵˵Ӱѵĺѡ֮ǰ빨ӰйνӴԶԶ̸˽ˡ
Ծ˵Ӱħĳݣþһ̡ħᣬǿǴ͵ׯ԰޷ܻľͷׯ԰ȣҲǴܻ䷶Χڵһׯ԰ˡ
ѦׯҲǾþԵʵܻȹӰҪǿߡûԳ֣ǾɽҲֳϵΪ촷ۡܲǳղ߿ɱȡ㾰ׯʵﲻΣҲӦǺܽӽˡ


2644 ݵ
ԿѦׯ
ѦׯѾ޹ˡңйӰ֮顣Կڵ
ѦׯͲҪܴˡߣ̫ˡܻ뿪Ҳǿߣ˶õġӦ㱻ɱ½һᶮöǿһЩڳһ˶Ѧׯ˵ȰѦׯҪٲִ¡
Ѧׯ˿˵ˣˣϵǳǸѡ
ֻǡ
¾ׯɱ¹Ӱɱ
ѾСӵ˲ʱ䣬λȽԺ̸ġӰ˰֡
ʱ˿̣κҲ赲ɱߡ
䣡ӰһԣҪһȭɱ
ԿУ³һӡ
ӰƷղߣʵȶҲķֳǿöࡣԾ˵ƷպͰƷգӰڻԪսҲڤվΡ
̫ˣ
վԭûжӰһ󣬾Բ֣һǰĳԵٶȼ죬ڼ˶ûüĶֻоһɾ޴ͻȻ֡
ۣţһ졣
һĻǾͿԵĹӰ˵ڵءӰƣǳġ졣
ӰԴǶ뵽˵ذ֮ڡԴܣдѺ졣壬ԺСƵڲֲҲڿٵļ
֮Уѻȸ
һĿ⣬Ķžԡ
̫ˣҲҺɱ½ȥɣԿڣſڵصĹӰ˵
ʱĹӰԵĻûӦˡڿٵɢѾܻˡھ仰˵󣬹Ӱ壬һˡ
ˣ

ô£
ղŵĲ
˶ֵӣ˭ڴܿջ֣
ԳֻɱӰ𶯣ôܿջڲ߶оˡˣ²ڴܿջֵԭ
ܿջǴܻĲҵջƹǴܻڲԱ
ջƹ̱˲ʲô顣ڿջڶ֣һҪջڣһǲ⶯ֵģҲûϽ˶֣ջһҪľǲ֮׷ǲ׷ǾͲһˡ
ܿջȻǳӴ󣬵Ǻܿȷ߶ֵİڡ
ڣԺѦׯ˻ڡӰʬ壬
ʲôʵ
⡭ߣʲôЦ
ģӰǰƷ߰һƾˣֱһֻϻ򵥰
ׯʲôͷѹ֣ѹѦׯ˵ӡ뵽ѦׯĸƷߣôԵ޹ʶһôġ̸УƺҲǱȽ𾴡
ڼˣ𾪺зתͷ
ȴǲ֪Ѧׯе𾪣ٶ١Ѧׯȷʵ֪ʵǿѾӽˡҲû뵽ׯʵǿ̶ȣǰƷչӰһƾ˶֮ǰѦׯԼֹţ˽ֺ϶ᾪջˡջ룬˰֡
뵽ⳡս֮죡
ԡˣѦׯȿڡ
˽⣬뾰ԻйӴ
ŵĶ϶Ѿ˴ܿջٷֻºܿ죬ջ˾ͻҵѦׯЩŵ˵
ѦׯصģӰǱɱûκιϵһջˣ㲻Ҫ˵ǡԶѦׯЦЦ˵
º󣬾Աת˳߳㿴ΧһȺˡУвǿջĳԱкܶǿջס͡ЩסͼջĳԱΧǵȻʶղڿջֵˣڴ˰ڡ
ڵˣ뿪ƹˣܿͻһջĳԱ߳˵
УҾšԱ˫֣΢Ц˵
ߣ
ߣЩһһôôҸоͺεǿһ㡣
Ҳĸоղ˵ƹˡ˵ղڰڶֵģܾΥ˿ջأʱԴܻˣȴһ㶼ҡ֮治а
һµʱҵҪܲôݵ
Χ۵ȺУ˽Ե̬һַǳĸоϵķΣȷʵǵɣһƷֻһɽΡ


2645 һư
ڴܻׯ԰ׯ԰ղε߶кܶ࣬˵洦ɼεߣȷʵǷǳǳͨģ˵һƷζѡ
Χ۵УдĳߴڡܿջУͬٳղΡ˶ǿߣССִݵı֣ȷʵԵù졣
ȷʵûоʹ뿪Ĵ㣬վ⣬ž¥ƹͬʱѾо¥Ա鿴ھԳ֮ǰ¥Ȼȷ򶷾Ƿڴ˰ڣԾǲ˽⡣
ǽԴǶĹӰǵȻһҲ֮һ䡣
ܿջڣǲ򶷵ġһ˵Ƿ򶷵飬Ҳ̫ءֻҪʲôĴǷûһЩԴǣǳǺɾضˡ
ջˣȻҲſڵϵѾˡڣѦ弸˻վ
һƷߡһջˣӰϷκ˵
˭ɱһĿɨѦׯˡ
ղžԳţԼ֡ǣջˣɱ֮ǰƷպ󣬱Ȼͺ˾Ե˵һߣɱƷգϣĻ
ѦׯǶû̻ӦǲмӦȷʵ֪ν˵ڰڣҲ˾˵Ļ
֮УɱһƷղεߡڲ˵û׺Ūȥġƹ˵ҲǻὫ²ջˣҲ
ѦׯһļˣҲһݱģĸƷĳߡЩˣǶǿҲҪܻڽΪ߲﷢
ܿջƹ񣬴ʱǵ˰
ƹֽаǿˣһεߡڴܻڲǿҲзǳߵλģҪȻҲׯ԰רŸܿջ
ǿ˲ܿ죬ɫЩ
ƹˣ
·ǿÿ
ܵߣǿ˺󣬺ܶ˶ʶλܿջƹ񣬶¶ηɫʵǲʶǿҲûϵʶǿγۡγۣûεģ۷ΪɫʡǰǰɫΪɫһһڣһΣҲ־ƷƷȼڷϱ־ԡ־ڴһƷγۣλһ˿Ʒγۣλ˿ƷۣȻ˿Դơ
ԽȺǿ˰֮⣬ס
ţпջԱǿƹߣƹˣһ˱ɱˡˣħ᳤ϹӰƷղΡ
ʲôǿ˴ŭͺһ
漴ջԱӰʬ̧˳ǿ˿˿Ӱʬ壬üͷӰҲӡ󡣱ϾħĳϣħǴܻ䷶ΧڱȽǿׯ԰
ǿ˶˶˵ڵˣг
ǣջԱӦ
ҲûȿջԱѦׯ˳ѦׯǣѾ߳˰ǿ˿˿ѦׯˣĿһϡ
÷ǿ˿еȻʶ÷ߡ
ƹ񡣡÷ϴſЦ԰ǿ˹˹֡
÷ô£ǿϾʵ
ڼ÷󣬰ǿϵŭ⣬Ǳ滺˲١÷˿ǿˣĿֿ˿Զľԡ
÷ô£ħĹӰôˣ˭ɱ㿴ң㿴һӸʲôǿ˶÷ȵ
ʱ÷Ҳεúܡԣ϶ҪۡôҲ֪ô°У˿ɲӰǣɱӰˣ
һưһƾͰѹӰԴĽˣ
ƹҲӡǰ»ׯԣԿˣ԰ǿ˹˹˵
ţǿɫһžԡ
»᣿ûûׯ԰϶̫󡣴ܻ䷶ΧڵĴׯ԰϶ֶӡߣһׯǵߵׯ԰ʵ
ӰɱġԼ˵
ǰһԼĻǿ˿ûʲôоֻЩŭСɫ졣һ仰ȴòעˡΪߣ˵ƷչӰɱģ
ܿ죬ǿֽĿƶ÷˵÷ô£˵Ӱħ᳤֪С¡²ŪҲ޷һεСׯǾ̫Цˣ


2646 ɲ
Ҫ˶ҲӦҸһƷε߰
ǡϷ̣
ܿջƹǿˣЩŭ
ƹ񣬹ӰɱģҴǵۣҵʵԶԶġ˵
ܻᣬ֮ǰĿģҪμӽԡ
һҪ˵ɱӰҵĹǹӰȶֻ֣ˡ
˵˼仰
ڳĴߣЩ͵žԡ
ƹ񣬾ԡ˵ģģ÷˿ԣɫЩ졣
Ȼ֪˾Եʵôǰһ۵߽дˣίʵЩûš
磬δʵȼҲһֳʶûеߵʵ޷ӦġԣߴķξԵüҪˡ
ǿ˵ٴο˾ԡ÷ʶʵ˺ϤǿˣڴֱܻƿصĿ󳡽÷ׯ԰ƵĿ󳡽ǺŽ˴ܻᡣǰׯ԰÷ϵͺܺá
Ҳ˽÷
˵÷ߣôܶһͨĵ߳ƴˣ
ƹ񣬾Դȷʵʵֲһ˿˵ħ᳤ϹӰǱԴһġ
ʲô
λ۵ߣʵǳǿһɱ˰Ʒߣ
ħ֪һׯ԰
ֱֱ
ѹλ˵ĵȻԭɲʵ
ΧУҲв˳ƾΪˡƷգƾԴˡƺҲͲԵΪˡ
һ΢С
𣿡ǿһ
ׯǰɣ˵ɱ˹Ӱôʵǿ˻䣬壬ͳ˾ԡ
ǿȻѾǾɱ˹ӰҪȷһ¡νȵȷ˾ʵ֮˵һƻɱӰǾ˵ԵʵҲǴﵽΡεߣܻ̬һ㶼Ǻܿɵģ´ɱħĳϡ
ħȻǴׯ԰˵һǧһվǴܻ䷶Χڵһׯ԰
ǿ廯ΪӰٽӽԡվ鵭Ȼע֮£ûӦû԰ǿ˵ĹûκεķӦ
ܿջƹǿˣƣѾҪ˾ԵϡԣûκζܵĶû
ǿ΢Ķһ£΢΢ЩɡۿţҪоˣɾȴûκεĵֵ
ˣûǸʵұֱɱ½ǡǿ΢һ£ּӡ˾Եϡ
ô£ӦûУ
εĴˣ
ƹ˻ɱ
Χ۵ߣѽ⡣ѦׯǼˣҲǲ˼ĿһĻۼһƻɱ˹Ӱģžεʵģָνͣ
飡
ǵɻδ̫áǿ˵ƣھϺһ춯ԣ˿վԭأǿˣȴǻһΣȥͺǲ㱻ú˵ӡ
ٿǿ˵ϣɫѪϸıһջԼֱۡĿУǾ
£λׯʵɲ⡣£ҲǸƷΡ֣ҿ϶סǿпתҲЩмԸˡ
ô˵棬Խ˵ĻǺܶġ
ׯʵҰǿǿ֣صĶԾԹ˹֡
˵ЦţҲֻ
ûж԰ǿ˳֣ȻҲǾ˼ǵġǿˣǴܻڲҪԱԣμӴܻׯٵڣһͨǿˣܵõʸչԼһʵҲǱġҪμӴܻׯٵͱôܻ֪ʸμӡ
ڣļƻǴ˴롣Ҫǿ˵ܻڲ߲˵ˡɱӰ£ʵ㲻ϴ¡Ȳ˵Ӱȳֵģ˵Ӱ߲߳裬Ҳþɽ䵱ɱˡңһ㣬˶޻˵ħᣬҲ
Ӱʬ壬̧ȥǿ˻֣ջԱ̧ߡ
ׯɷһ𣿡ǿЦŶԾԵ
ԡֻǡλҰ»ḱׯ࣬һġԿ˿ԶĽࡣ
ǾัׯҲһˡǿ˹һЦˬ˵


2647 æ
ǿˣԺͽ˴Լס
Ϊջƹ񣬰ǿסķ䣬ȻǷǳݻġǿˣ뾰Ժͽ¡
ׯ˵ǰ»ׯˡҹªţҶ԰»ᣬǺӡ󡣰»ᣬҴܻ䷶Χڵׯ԰𣿡򵥵ĺѺ󣬰ǿ̧Ŀʾԡ
ھ˵Լİ»ׯʱ򣬰ǿûϵģû˵ׯ԰Ȼģܴ󡣿ǵ֤˾ׯʵͲܲˡׯεߣׯ԰Ӧòһɣԣ˷ѯ԰»ׯ԰
»ׯ԰ǺСģƹûׯ԰ƹӦ֪Ҳׯ԰ɣղһУжҲׯѦ塣Ե
Ҳ᣿֪ԶҲĹģׯӦǱμׯٵġǿ˵ͷ
ţ»ᣬҲ᲻ԶһǳСׯ԰Ե
ׯʵҲΰǿü
Եʵȷʵ𾪡վﲻǿȵֵԼһƣȴվԭ˿ҪúˣȻ侪ãׯܿǸƷǿߡһСׯ԰ôʵׯ
ƹһʱҲѽͣ㿴ϵĳۣһƷۡЦҡͷ˵ܻׯ԰ʼнԵġ˶ҲѦׯѦׯ˵μӴܻׯٵġ˵
ׯҪμӵȼԣȫû⡣ׯٵڽڣԿҪׯ΢һȡٵ̰žׯнԡ
ˣׯʱ£ҲԲμׯٵǿ˵
ƹ˵ʵҵҲμӡǣƺμׯٵҪܵ롣ңûб롣
ԾׯʵȫԵõ밡ǰû룬Ϊǲ֪ׯׯģԺҾͽׯ԰¡ǿ˺
Ҳ˾Ե˼μׯٵҲǿ˴һ㣬ȾԿڣæɸþׯ⡣
ʵУǰǿ˿࿴һ۶ᡣʵðǿҲĽá
֮䣬ھϵʱ򣬶ˡ
Ԫˣˣ
̫лƹˡæϲĹ֡
ׯˣӦġǿ˻Ȼ˵ͺæֻǾ֮͡УûзֺΪѵӡ
ò˵ǿǺܻ˵ġܻĸ߲ǿ˷ڴܿջƹλϣҲǿ˵Ϊ˴кܴĹϵ

ڰǿ˺;ԡ뿪
ǰ⣬Щˡ
ѦׯλԴ˾˭㣬ôʶλ˵ģУΪʲôֻۣεǿߣûмʱĽνҲӦֻ۰÷̾ͿڶѦׯʡ
ѦׯĿЦ
ң˭
˵Ҳ֪Դʵǿ˵زһΪԴֻǸƷղߣ֮ǰһ뾰Դ˼ҶҲء֪Դʵǿˣ𣿡Ѧׯ̾һ˵
ССҲᣬöԴֲεߣ
ǰ»ᣬʲôģ֮ǰû˵
λԴиԣһǿߣȴһƷۡǡ
˭˵ǣλɱħṨӰϣҲΪԴϵķΣŻԾԴİɣԴ糤ۣûеơ
ڶߣ׷׳ԡ
Դ˵ƢǺܺˡ˵ʵȷʵҪֹӰϡӰУԾԴǼĳЦͼԴȴûֱӶ֡ҲǹӰȶԾԴ˳֣Դ޿̣ŻһƽӰġѦׯȽϴڳ˶
ѦׯߴˣʶԴƹ񣬶ǶԾԴ͸żءĽѦׯ
ھԴ˵ۣҲǺܿ촫˿ջܻׯ԰ӡ

ƹ񣬽ัׯ֪ǷһͬμׯٵأǸ˵
ǸԼܻׯ԰ģֻԼμׯٵඪһԣҲǹⲻȥġ
ׯûϵҲõġڿջǡæ֣Щҡ


2648 Ϊ
ֻǵߣ£ǲʸμӴܻׯٵġ
Ȼ֪μӴܻׯٵܻüĺôȴδԼܹμӡ
Զ԰ǿ˵ǷýҲμٵʶǰҡͷ
ǿȴ΢ЦׯģҾýัׯμٵⲻ󡣡
Щׯ԰һ㶼ֻһҲֻһΪҲѦׯҲǸƷĳ߶ѡҲ򣬶ҲͲֻһ
ΣҿǸƷΣ԰ǿ˲ŻôʹĴӦ
ƹĶлˡԺҪҰæ飬˵Ҿ;ٴζ԰ǿ˹֡
ׯ̫ˣ̫ˣȻô˵ĿеĹâȴزס
뾰ǰֲʶΪҪﾰԣеǣ֪
գǿ˸ԺͽలϷȻǲҪ֧κηõġ
׵󣬰ǿƹ뿪˴ܿջܻׯ԰
ǿˣܻһλϵǰǿڴܻλͣȳվǲһЩͱ˵ǿûֱȨģҪλСӡˮ̫ĳϡ
ӡˮ̫Ǵܻλ֮һܻׯ԰磬Ҳһͷġڲǳǳࡣ߲㣬ҲǷֶȼġⳤϣҲΪλϺλϡλ٣λ϶һЩ
ǿ˵ĵλλ֮¡ܻλϣһ㶼ҪﵽƷεġ
ǿˣ˵ԣǸƷߣӡˮ̫ûʲô仯ҲǴżֺġ
ϴˣְ˳ɵİȷʱһȻûоȫҲ߰˷ֵһƴϣһζûУ£ûվȡǿ˵
·֮ǰҲˡ»ᣬֻһ΢Сׯ԰ׯ԰ׯӦҲǵΡλׯȻͬһ㡣²鵽ƺʱ̡ܶҲԭۡǿ˼˵
ţȻˣμׯ˵ٵɣǸӣһӡˮ̫ϵ˵ͷ
£ӡˮ̫˵ȷʵ΢С顣μׯٵǺܶģƷߣֻҪǸׯݣ඼ܵõʸ
ǣǿˣӡˮ̫Уӹöʵһ֤һƤĶ
ǿ˻صܿջöԣٴγֿĵл
ʱֹ죬ܻׯٵٰӣǶڣ֮
Ϊܵߣ඼ǰ͵˴ܻׯ԰ģһЩҪֱнׯ԰ԣֻǰȷڣҲûʲô⡣
⼸ʱҲ΢ķһСܿջʳǷǳĲ˳˻ԡңһЩֵϸߵʳЩ߼޵⣬бȽǿЧõġһһǿȣ⵱ȻǷǳ顣
ڼ䣬ѦׯҲݻԡԶѦ壬һ̬ȣѦׯ֪Ǽǿߺھǰ;н˺ܶ࣬¾ûκμӣҲ˿ԽĵطԴˣҲֻ˳Ȼ
ʱ䣬һζ
һգߴׯ԰ܻׯ԰ֻߣͨׯ԰ׯ԰Ϊͬӿ˺ܶ࣬Ҫһ鿴ׯ԰⣬˳ӡ
Ժͽ࣬ҲŶӡ
ǿ׼Խׯ԰ģгϽǰһٻׯ԰޷ȵգԴԺͽׯ԰ˡ
λԴˣ
ۣһƷߵģҲǵߡ
λԴˣȻԸεӲμׯ˵ٵ

ŶУǰвߣϳ˾ԡ⼸죬ԵȷʵбȽϹĴղׯ԰ܶ࣬ߣׯ԰ͷǳˡ
ЩۣҲ⡣ʱֵԺͽࡣ
Ժͽϵĵۣһ¡Ϊ߼ǲʸμׯٵġܵģǸƷߡ
ھԽݸģĲһʵԡ飬Ҳûʲôʱ䣬Ϊܿ˽⵽λ۵ߣ⼸ׯ԰ľԴˡ


2649 
ׯ԰̽˫ֻԡ
Դˣׯ԰ĵ
лݻЦЦׯ԰
һ룬дܻԱ·ЩǰμӴܻׯٵߣܽׯ԰ҲǲߵġܻԱὫٵ
ٵʵǴܻרٰׯٵĵطΪׯٵٰһΣܻѾٰ˺ܶΣڳԵúܳ졣ٵṹԲεģȥһֹ϶޳ĸоȻûж޳Ѫ
룬ǿճġУ治˴Σһ֪ЩǱμٵʹõġκܶ࣬ȻҲһЩΣ١򵥿һۣףǵΣ϶ǱǳҪʹõģǴܻڲĳϼҲǴܻ֮
ܻԱԺͽٵת뿪ˡ˽󣬴ڵ߲ܶ࣬ԵñȽϿյˣȻſмλõȥ
ȷʵǷǳӴģԺͽ˽ӽмԲģҲʵһʱ䡣
ǾɣԶԽ
õġͷ
ǰ滹мΣûмǰߡڸϣ
Ӵ⣬½߽ٵʱûʲôֵԽԽ࣬Ͳɱĳˡ
ԺͽˣҲʶʲôˣ˾ż۲һߡ
ȻˣԹ۲ˣ۲ͽľ͸ˡϵĵۣʵ̫ĿһЩμӴܻׯٵߣһҲǸƷղߡҲһЩղ֮µߣҲǸĳЩġ
˵һЩΡƷεߣǿܻöԴ׽μӴܻׯٵɱϾ˶ǷǳٵġԣһƬУԺͽ˾ͷǳˡ
౻ĿⲻϵɨӣѹԾͱȽϴ޷
ัׯýšβμٵǳԳԺȺȵ飬ȻǸ߼ԴЦԽ
šžԵͷ벻ţЩ
ʱƣģھԺͽܣҲһЩˡңƬطģȻεġҲˣЩղεߣƫλϡǰ棬ƺŵĶߡ
ΪԺͽϵĵԵʣ˵ϣʼû
λЩʡЦЦ˵
տʼʱ򣬾ȷʵûô࣬ҪȻҲںˡ
ׯˣ󣿡൱ȻҲһ㡣
ˣѾˡûй涨ǲǰ档԰ڰ˵
Ի£;ǰ΢һڡ
һӰվǰ΢壬ΪԼס˼·ˡվǰˣȴû߿
ļҵӣһ¡¡
һʣüǴԴϷȻվǰʳġʱ򣬾̧ͷ
һεߡ
γۣڴ˿˵һƷߣƷ֮ˡ
ιļҵӣûиҵĻҿܻ̲סһƽʱɱû˵ֺһ
˵ӣָľǾԺͽࡣһƬֻоԺͽۡʵһƬ糤۵ģղγ۶ûСߣԲܱΪ޴ӡ
֣һЩСһˣҲûǸ˭ġԶһͬƷε߿ڵ
ղ˵ԺͽǴӵˣֽмСˣҲһׯ԰ׯڴܻ䷶ΧڣСƢܲһͬƷߣƽϡ
ţƤӷ˷ϵĲͷɫԽԽŨ
ĵط治֪ǵôǵģһûСү鲻ҪȻҾǡе˵ͷԾԺͽȵ
ʱԵɫЩˡ
⼾Уһ˶ѡھԺͽ฽мյλáУȫѡһλ


2650 Ϲ
֮ʵһ϶ġ
оھ࣬ҲӰ첻
۾𣬿żС
ҵңˣŭĺȵ
ߣתƵߣȤĿżѵεСһ
ʵ֮ǰЩ߿ԺͽûвüġǣûֱӹϾˡһͷһ衣
ǵҸλɣֵƢɲãǽŭˣɱǡǱɱˣǵҲ޷ȻǵղŶԼ˵ǸƷߣֶԾԺͽ࿪˵
ˣƢºࡣ֮УȻҲһָ߸ϵζĻǸ˽ܵġ˵仰ҲǺ⡣
麣־ưʶĵͼʹӣҲǱסСһЦ˵
ȰԺͽ뿪Ʒߣ־ͽ麣Ҳһׯ԰ׯ
Ǻǣׯٵɱɱδɷ羰ˡ麣Ц˵
ɱɱɷ羰Ҳ˵ġٿҲڴܻׯٵϴɱ䡣
Ȼüδ˵
ʱǶ麣˹֡˼һ⣬ԼҲӦ΢ʾһ²ǡֿ򼾲С
ϹﻹλͻȻڡ
仰˲Ϣøһ䡣εߣǴ㵵Ŀ⿴žԡ
˲ð
СС˵İҶһƷ˵Ϲһ˴֣£˵ۼ˵Ҳ˵
ȻҲû뵽ᱻһߵһǵ˵档ֱ൱Ǳͷһʱ䣬޾ɱбŷ
˵ˣ⸽ûпҲû󵽵ĵ㶮ڼδһ֮ǰֲ˵һ䡣
СӾ˭ӣ
̫ǿˣ
ôĵӣҶһԣǲһ㡣ѵһλ˵𣿡
εĴˣôҪεӣ̫ܰɣ
˵ӣôӣҸ˵϶̵ġ
ܵߣ
Σ缶֮ϵĲΡܻĸ߼ϣ㶼εġ飬磬ǿˡܻľͷׯ԰ڲ߼ҲôһЩߵӣǰԵһҲ˵ùȥϾһǿڱɽ
ڶʱǼУѹסһԵĳ嶯ɱŭʱı˻ȥΪȻƢ𱩣ҲӵġҲ뵽ˣ᲻˵ӡһ£ˣǾ˵ˡ
Сӣ˭ѹŭ⣬ͳʾԣεûֱӽоԴ
û취
˵ӣҲǲ׵ġ˵Ǵ˵˴
˵ʲôǰ»ׯԣУҲ㽻̸վܰ£ϽԻ֣ɼһ
»᣿
»ʲôôû
ҲûѵǴܻ䷶Χڵģ
пܰ˵Ǵܻ֮ġ˵Լׯεׯ
һʱɽ֣Ū徰Եݡ
Сӣ㲻Ҫ̫ˡλ˵ӣҲܶƷ񣡡мֱҪˣЩԼԺͽˡҪôһ٣ҲСӣʱɱҲǣɱҲǡ
Σ
ǿЦúõģˣ蹷һҧİɣУ˵һ飬Ҳʲô˵ӣǰ»ׯ԰ׯЦŵ蹷ٲÿɱҳֽѵ㣡

ǲˣҳֻˣ
ҪֽѵеĻûҲˡ
⵽ʲôεСһðģ
ǲ⣿
⣬ôμׯٵ
˶ӣ޷ŵĿžԡ
Уģֱȫڶ¡һɫҪð̡
ĴӲ˭ӣŪ˵мҧͺ


2651 ˮ
лδ䣬ץԡ
㾰ǿߵӣҲҪ¡ȻûֱӻɱԵĴ㣬ֻסԽѵһ٣ȷ䱳󾿾ǷεĴˣپɱɱԡ
ж֣ҲڸԤ֮СίʵǣСӵı̫ˡ˵ǼģɼбϾǸƷεߡ
Լ̽ƣվ
вںԵķӦһССεߣ£һͷײˡƣûκͣ͵ģԼץȥ
Сӣʵʵҹɣпȡ
ֻǾţͫ׾һԼȻֱ̧ۣеƵһߡԵϣֲ޷ǿƱһߺ󣬾Գſֱۣ˳ǰһ͡ٶȣǳĿݣ쵽жܲ
ʶԼܲȥʱ򣬾Եӡ䵽ϡ
ֻоǰһɾ壬޷Ƶķ˳ȥȫ޷סԷԺһʱصˤ䵽˵ϡˤĵص㣬ٵĴһСƬͺͺĳء
˲Ϣ䣬Ŀ⼯ڼеϡ
һڰ׷ɣȻڴĳءǿȥȻԼȥġֻһֿܣǱ˴ɵ˴ĳء
ô£
ﶯǸ˭ϵķΣγۣ
ǼׯׯȻ˴ˣˤѿ
һʱ䣬ĿⶼżУ񼾲бȽϴߣȻܿͱ˳ţиɻвָܽƷ߻ɳȥģͨˣôλ˳ֵأ
վĿƽĿĳҪվļСһƣǲҪ˼еղλ麣˵ûǴܻׯٵطɱˣȷʵЩסԣ˼һֻǽˤĳϡ
⡭ܵߣ͵žԡ
ǵߣ
һƾͽƷ߻ɣʵǰкûֵɵӣʱҲʶǾ˵ʵƷߣôλߣҲǾƷεߡ
һλǿߣأһһƷۡ
λˣղҶʧԣ¡麣ׯæԵǸ
˵Щϸ˵ȷʵҲжԾԲĵطΪþǵߡĸƷǿߣܶһ˵ѾǷǳѵˡ
ԣҲȫûй麣ׯ˼
麣ׯˣҲô׶ŭˡ̫֣Ҳ֡Զ麣ׯЦЦ˵
Դˣղš
½мԱǸ⣬Ƕʱѹе𾪣ȵǸ˵ġҲû˽Թ뷨˵ǸͿĻӦһ䡣
ʱ򣬼վµ߱Ҳĳءеׯ԰кüġ
п˿ԣֵͷ
ùңǼμׯٵѹڸ¼˵
˵󣬾ȥⳡܻׯٵǲܼˡЩĿ⣬ϾͺһŻȼա
ôܣôᣡǸˣô˿µʵѵѾεǿ𣿡
ʣ뿪ٵ
ͬʱڴνٵ棬վһǿճ۵ˣ۲žԡ
ˣǴܻ߼֮һӡˮ̫εǿߡ֮ǰǿ˽ׯ԰ӡˮ̫ϣΪԺͽҪᡣʱǿ˵ԿǸƷεߣӡˮ̫ԾҲǲһЩġҲһİˡ
ö˰ǿ˺Ҳʱ·ˡֱղţԽǼи˳ȥȻôһˡ
ˣǰǿᵽİɣۣȻͬһ㰡ܲηˣ̤ܿΡԼгһƣԾûоȫĶˮȥǳӯ
ˣʲôҴܻ֮ڣʲôʱðôһǿأӡˮ̫ϣгת
һ֣߳ǷͬСɵġ


2652 
һεߣĪľͳ֣
˵ڴܻӰ䷶ΧڣκһнϴǱߣڴܻ᷽ļ֮¡ȻλоԵߣܻ֮ǰǺ֪
ˣ
ڵݣ͸һֹ졣ԣȻһ΢Сׯ԰»ׯ
ӡˮ̫ϳ˼ʱ򣬾Ҳλ¼Ҳûв۵ҾԵ鷳һλƷ˵ǿ鷳
ʱֹһ㣡
ε棬Ҳ֮ǰֵߣȻݷǳߵġһۿȥǸǿճ۵ǿߡ
Ŀǰһûֱӽ֡ҵжϣεߣӦ൱ڻԪڤվսƷߣƥɣ۾΢УĿⲻʱĿһŵһЩߡ
ڣĽӴȽϸ߶˵ߡת
ʱһ쳹ٵ
λ
˵ģǴܻĸ߼ӡˮ̫ׯٵӡˮ̫֡
ҰҴܻׯׯˣϾ͵ˡӡˮ̫˵
ӵֳ֮ȫûĽ̸һ¡صʱ̡
ʱ˱ǿӰ߳һ˲һЩһһЩǴδ˵ľԣҲ³˵ݡ

ڳߣʱվԣȻҲ˳վԣӲһˣܻׯׯԼҲδԼжֵ£Ǳǫ̬ȣֻҪԷƣһжԺ⡣
Ҳؿ°ɣòһЩߣ̧˫ѹѹ
һ죬ڳ
òһЩߣתĿ˿òһЩߡòһЩߣĵ˵ͷ漴ǰ̤һ
ңӭǰμٵѡ˵Ļ̡ܼ
ʲôȴһ¡
ׯٵôü
һѵλòȥһЩˣǴܻׯȥòһЩģǴܻׯƺ
Դˣǰûܻׯׯɣ麣ׯ͵Ծ˵
麣ׯǾԵ뾰ڵλϡʵһֱڹ۲쾰Եı飬ղžԵı仯΢һ˼ͨ˾ΪҪü
ȷʵˡԵͷһΪׯλȥʹһЩġ
Դ˵һ֪ҲׯȻҪׯܶ࣬òȥȷʵء麣ׯЦЦ˵
麣ׯ˵һЩڴܻϢʱߣʳˮƷŵÿһߵǰʳȵȣÿһǰڷŶһģû˵ΪʳͺһЩǳղʳͲһЩ
ȻˣʳˮǺܸ߼ģʳúߵһõġ
ʳʳƣӡˮ̫΢Цڡ
ߣ㶼ǰʳˮˡھ̳ԵʳʱһЩˣǵĳϣǶׯ԰ׯݡǰǰŵ˳򣬽Լׯ԰˵˵Լׯ԰ʲôɫӿֳЩܣǻ㱨ܻׯģͬʱҲڳ߶
Щׯܶܿ죬л㱨ׯ˵ģ˵ĳһׯ԰ӿֵĳɫ߽϶رӿֳôׯͿܻׯ԰ׯʹ͡ʹ͵ĶǸ߼Դࡣ
麣ׯôûȥԿ麣ׯ
ԿھĳؽϽУϵĳصĲ١麣ׯԼûж
ԴˣһûʸȥϣһΣҲȥׯ㱨麣ׯ˵дĽ
ʵϣҲע⵽ˣĳصһĿУкܶ඼Ľ
̨ܻܵׯ㱨Լׯ԰ģȻǴܻӰ췶Χɫһׯ԰ׯ
㱨Ǻܿģʮׯ԰Ҳûöʱͽˡ
˵һλׯҲˡţ»ľׯ֪ׯܷأòׯͻȻ˵ôһ仰
ͻȻᵽ˾ԡǾԼǷǳ⣬ׯԼҲһ¡
Դˣׯ㵽̨ˡ麣ׯĿоŷѵ


2653 
ʱٵڵܶ࣬еľڽ֮ǰסڴܻׯ԰ǰׯ԰˲ٵɱһƷղܿջƹǿ֣ׯ԰ҲǴ÷з
Ȼܶ˶˵˾֣ǵܻׯо̨󣬻üе˶һׯΪרŽׯ̨أ㾰ׯεߣǸƷߣҲֵׯӰɣ
ڴڣƷ߿ɲ٣̨ܵҲֻٲֶѡ
һƻɸƷ߼£̵˲ֻ࣬еʱھԺͼиЩ֪Զߣǿбˤĳϣ˭д˶ö֪
Զ麣ׯ˵ͷվĳ˹ȥ
ܻׯׯһǿߣҲǽĿ⿴ԡЩǿߣҲ֪ׯΪҪһ۵̨
Ҿǰ»ׯԡ֪ׯʲôԸߵĳվԴܻׯ˹ʵ
ر飬ֻǡڽٵ֮ǰҲ˵ׯ֡ׯʵǿߣǰǲлҲӦŵġʵϣڵĴܻˣԾׯֺİ
룬ׯĻǷԸ֪أܻׯƽʵ
λׯȷʵǸող˵֣Ǵӡˮ̫Ͽ֪ġ
֮ǰǿӡˮ̫Ҫʱ򣬾Ͷӡˮ̫˵ھԵһЩϢʱӡˮ̫֪ԺܿǸƷߡֻѰĸƷߣǲֵר֪ͨׯׯģӡˮ̫ϣҲûнׯׯ
ӡˮ̫ۿׯһƾͽǼׯɣʵǴﵽΡһǿͻȻӡˮ̫ϣȻҪ̶ׯׯĵ¡
ΪˣŻׯþԵ̨һĻ
ҵܼ򵥣ǴӰ»ƿصһС󳡽»ᣬһС͵ׯ԰ûʲô֪ڰ»ḽׯ԰ǶҲׯ԰Ի˵
Ҳׯ԰ׯѦ壬ʱҲڴš
Ѧׯʶλׯ
ѦׯȻʶׯǰׯ԰ʱ򣬾ׯɱħׯ԰ĹӰϣ˵Ѧׯֳ

Ѧׯ»ᵽׯ԰һСׯ԰ΪׯǾׯǿߣ˵ׯܿεĴˣ
ѦׯܣкܶѦׯѯʾԵѦׯƤӣ̲ĻӦš
ׯһЩϢֻϢ̫ˣϢ˵ׯ㽵ʱ̣ܶ񻹲һʱ䡣һڣӵǿίʵ˾÷˼ׯ۾΢΢һ
ǿ˶ӡˮ̫˵ھԵһЩϢӡˮ̫ȻҲЩϢ֪ܻׯׯˡ
ţȷʵЩţҲȷʵġԵͳ˵
ׯˣôоԵˣ˵ȤĪǣʲôر֮ʱׯԶһǿճ۵ߣüׯ
ׯ֪ׯʵͲ˵ˡׯ˵ߵ
ʵׯˣϣǵ۰ɣׯֿ˾һۣȷϵķΣһƷۡ
ׯׯ԰ҲڴܻӰ֮¡Ȼˣׯׯ԰ǴܻΧڣǿׯ԰֮һһ㣬ӳׯǿҲɿׯׯ԰ɱ麣ׯ˵ׯ԰ǿˡ
֪ģׯʱۣΪδеȼĲԡɼβԣ롭ϵĳۣܻ볤ׯϴһׯЦ˵
ׯһЦ
ڣһֿ˾һۣЩġ
ܻׯׯˣῪЦƬߵôһЩҿɲţоԵСӣεʵ
ׯĻҲڳ߶Ŷݡ볤ׯһǶžΡ
СӣǴܻׯٵ¡صĳϣʵһ㡣ƭׯ˺ׯˣҸҿ϶úܲҺܲҡׯ۰׷˷ԾԺȵ


2654 
ׯɱڵĶžԡ
ʵݺʵԭΪǸƭӣҲ뾰£δЩԽˡֻǣǳĲãڽһʱ˴ܻׯȡһЩ൫ȴܾˡֻǱܾʲôжԹһׯȴǴӴܻõɹ۵ࡣ
ͷѻȴֲҶԴܻׯȸ߲㷢й
վĳغԽԽò˳ۡ
ׯŭɣҲתĿ˶Էһۡ
ׯˣ֪ʲô𣿡ֿׯʵ
Сû˵ׯδ˵ǳׯһ
ͷлֱһССӣܲˣ
죬εǿߣƬڣǶ֡磬Ҳʵǿˡ
ɫһ䣬Ŀӿֳ쵰űˡ
ƢǱȽº͵ģһ㱻ЩðҲ̾ͱԷһٶĲģԵķҲԲ
üׯˣ˿ǴܻڲԱׯҹҲׯ̸ͻȻߺģô£
һ仰ˣ
һʱ䣬ٵ¶ƺ㡣ܶԾж˽ߣʱͷĿųеľԡ˹ڦһλˣ⾰ˣûܾȵˣ
Сׯһȣ壬͵վ
һ̣ǳ˳еľԣڿԾ𣬷˶ڵӿҪһ龰ԵԴ
ׯ˳ȥܻׯׯûгֹȻܻĸ߲㣬Ҳ뿴ԾжǿʵǷǴﵽΡεߣôׯҲǲܶʱɱԵġ
˵㳤ׯûܻׯׯҲķԵʵ
ˣ
λׯҲ̫һЩ
һȥƾʮҲˡ
ôôһλ˵
궯ȺӡҲѦׯҲǽŵųУǡԴΣҲ޷ֵһλ˵ķŭ
䣡
ڳׯԾУĻȥʱֱֻ̧ۣӭųׯĻػ˹ȥ
Сҷɣׯͳ˻
飡ţһ촫һӰһ죬˳ȥʼʱӰٶȺܿ죬Ƭ̣Ż
ȫ߶һǵɳȥӰȻǿ߳ׯˡׯǱڴܻ߲ڵ档κ٣յغܴ󣬳ׯڴƬĿյϡվȣغĺˣ˳ʮ׺һƨ˵ϡ
һһס
оԼֱһ顣
ԾԵһûʹ֮⣬ȫˡʢŭ֮£ɱһߣҲûпͷֻٶȽǸСԴĵϡáǽȴԼΡ
ܻׯׯĿⶼһٿԵʱе֣˺ܶࡣ
ׯƷߡȻǵͼߣһеȼˡţȴǱԺׯˣǳǱ׾жϳԵȳǿһΣ˵Ҳеȼߡ
ׯׯˣĵĶһۡ
ׯˣˣ
˱ˣ˵ϡ
⡭
λԴˣҲһλˣ
찡Ҿ޷ġԴˣȻһƷۣ˭ǿߣǰ˵鷳˵ЩˣԼ
ȺУħׯϣжһŨĺ⡣ħĹӰھУħׯȻǶԾԳ˵⡣ڴ֮ǰǿҲҪΪӰ𡣿ڣǾԲͷˡ
ħȥһλ˱ǲӳ
ׯȻز©ׯһ˵ģǴܻòȥһЩׯվԾһĶ
ׯ˿ˣԭλͦõġԵ
ׯߣεߣߡׯμٵӦҲһЩɣߣǽԸ㡣ׯЦ˵


2655 Ի
ܻׯҪʵԶԼʲôλνģܻͨĻõԴܻĹϵȻҪȥġ
лׯˣԶԴܻׯ֡
󣬾ԲΡ
ׯӡˮ̫վָԼλ˵λǾׯׯܽģվԼøԡ
̫ˡԶӡˮ̫֡
ߵӡˮ̫֮ǰֶܵ΢ǷǷ漴
ׯׯˣҡȸˡͷĳׯǺ޲һطȥûˡ
ŶԾԳ֣Ѿ֤˾Եʵһءٽģ³Իܲңܻׯׯݵʱõѡ񣬾Ǹ뿪
ׯȻ£߰ɣˣׯΪׯ뿪𣿡ܻׯӦ˳ׯĻתʵ
ʾԵ˼˵ŷ黹ûǳׯ߶߲ˡ
ׯû¡ԶԴܻׯҡҡͷ
ԵĻׯҲɳһҪ鷳ɾʹˡׯƽϵ׵ĻʵݣǱסġ
ׯ뿪ɣԺ󣬻Ҫ͵һЩǡׯȣȫȫβ뿪ׯ˵
ׯˣס˵ͷת뿪

ʣǣ麣ׯСĵĿŽʵ֪ľݡ
ˣǰ»ĸׯࡣ麣ׯʻæӦ
ֻǵΣ麣ׯĸƷߣнŲǰܶûε˵ʲô
ԭǽัׯ麣ׯǳĹ˹ּ
ˣ»ֻ΢С͵ׯ԰Щ״Ρ
ัׯ̫ǫˡ»ׯǿǾԴ˰оԴׯ԰¾ֻиλߣҲû˸˵Сׯ԰麣ׯЦЦ֣ص˵
麣ׯ⣬в˶׽
ܻׯٵСǴ豾βμٵˡ
μٵߣʲôΪܵõַǳ߼Դ࣬һɫʣһĲϰÿһķǼȫͬġÿһڳߣܵõһࡣ
ڶڵõ󣬾ûٵھͽԵʵϣЩУֻв˻ὫãߣӦûὫ໻һЩԵͼԴҪ֪ôһС࣬ǿԻܶԴġ
ׯɷƲ˵ܻׯʱԾ˵
ã΢һ£Ӧ
ٵҪһЩʱ䣬ׯѾ㹻ˡׯ뾰ԣ뿪ٵ
ԸŴܻׯׯ԰һڡ
ׯܻׯ뾰
ׯ룡ܵ
ܻׯ¡
֪ׯ˽ҹкηԸֱʵ
ׯݱǲֻǲ鵽ݣޱȵľ档յģׯʱ̣ܶ΢Сׯ԰»ƵһС󳡽ׯ󣬺ܿǽ˵ΣΪ»ׯ
̶ʱڣΣѾǷǳ˾̾ˡʣ磬ҲšׯʵȻֹڴˡղٵѾۿ˾ׯʵƷ߳죬Ǿׯ֡
ׯǴܻԴºءܻᣬкܶĵˡܻׯһ£˵ⷬ
ׯ˵˼Һסׯ˿ԷģҾԲĵߡҶԴܻᣬûκεĶ⡣ܻգҲʵġԵ
ţžׯĻ뾰ׯҲʣǷʲôطҪܻģܻׯ˵ͷʵ
ܻׯ϶ܣԲԸ˵Ҳñʡ
ׯˣʵܻׯ԰ڴܻеȼġ󣬲֪ׯٵС˵ЦΪ˵õ࣬취òμׯٵʸġЦЦ˵
ׯȱԴܻׯʡ
ǳǳȱ٣Եͷܻׯ԰֮ǰڰ»ᣬԻõġ


2656 Ʒ
ԼȱԴûʲôֱ˵ġ
˵ܻׯЦЦ˵ԼȱԴǴܻׯܾҪˡԽʱ̶̲һ꣬һСׯ԰󳡽λȡԴ
ׯڴܻӰĵ֮ڣֻдܻ᱾ƿصһ󳡳ࡣׯҪܻ࣬һЩܻׯ
ǾͶлׯˣһ̾˵
ڵŴܻׯ˵Ļ
Խܵ˸ɴܻ࣬ׯһ£ΪԻ΢ƴһµġ
ׯ࣬ǷǳϡȱԴҴܻᣬҲǲࡣׯֲڴܻڲԱҲֻ͸ׯһٿࡣܻׯ
ٴθлׯˣԵͷ
һٿ࣬ȷʵҲˡ
μׯٵߣȻÿ˶ܵõһࡣҪ֪ЩߣҲǸƷղεģҶһׯ԰ׯǣҲֻܵõһѡֱܻһٿԣǺܴˡ
δʹù࣬ʱһܸԼɱİǰʹݣЧ֪öٱԾԾãһٿӦ㹻Լɵɱˡ
ʵڵĶ̰壬ɱϡ磬һߣӦöҵɱ䡣ԣɱ䡣ڵǿΪĹС
ǿɱɴҪȥġ
ڻԪ𼶵ǣҲҪϵġ磬Բܵ˿⿿еĻҪӳսǱȽѵġ˵ȫԸĻҲĸƷ߲ࡣ
ƷߣڻԪǲǴﵽżӡ
˵ԵɱɣǺе顣εɱ䣬ǹʩչھԻ֮
ׯõ԰ɣܻׯһת
Ȼ룬ׯ˸ղҲ˵ˣǴܻᣬҲǺϡȱԴԵ
ڣҲһᡣֻǣҵ֪ׯʵﵽĲΡׯɾͻ˳ׯӦиƷߵսȻׯõԶһٿĻѰƷεʵǲġܻׯžԵ
΢΢ü
ԼڵսҲǲֱ̫ӵı
˵ԤûĻӦǿƷһսġ
ƷƷ飬ҲǲͬġǣҪǿľƷ顣ܻׯ΢΢ҡͷ
ֻҪҾƷ飬ڴܻڣҲҵġܻҲڴܻӰ췶ΧڣչǿҵֲߵġܻᣬȴҪǿľƷ顣
ʵҲΪܻҪôһƷ飬ŻԾԵĳ֣ӵ̶ֳȡҪȻܻׯӾԵĳ֣Ҳ̱㽫ԴׯٵϵгԻ
ׯܷ˵˵Ҫʲô̧üʵ
Ȼԣܻׯͷ˵ҴܻԵһµĿ󳡡󳡲һ󳡣һܹ󳡡Ȼһׯ԰󳡵ĿȨᣬҲǳ˲̵ʱˣ˫˭ûֱ¿󳡵
Էׯ԰ǴܻᣬԼһ䶷ʤһõ󳡵ĿȨׯ˵
ʱˡ
ڻԪҲǾ飬޵߻ΪĳһһдĹ
ׯ˼ǣҪһǿľƷ飬ܻս󳡡˵
ׯ˵ûԷһҲڽ߾ȫѰһλǿߡھׯ֮ǰҲмѡĿģ⼸ѡĿ꣬ǴܻġȻˣԾׯʵжǿʱҲ
ٵϣׯҲǽׯ˼Ҳǣʾׯʵﵽʲôĵزׯ
ׯˣտ˵ĻҲǺȷеġһƷ飬дһԶһ£һ顣
ԼҲû̫ġûеʹãֻƾСԼڵɱ̶ȣҲԼʵԲſڿӵ˵Լʮİհܻ󳡡
˵ܻׯЦӿʼ־ԵĴڣǾôһ뷨ֻûֱӶԾ˵ѡ


2657 
ãܻׯЦ
ôׯʱҪסׯ԰ˡܻׯž˵
ԣֻǻҪ鷳ׯׯٵɸ˽Ұ»ḱׯͻذ»ᡣԵ
ԿҪڴܻׯ԰һʱ䣬̫ʺڴܻׯ԰̫áϾ»Ǳ̫ʱûׯ԰ҲǲСֻǵߣӴܻׯ԰»·;ңԶýһ˻ȥЩġ
С飬ٵҾ˽ัׯȫ͵»ᡣؿׯɵ˵
ܻׯ֣ͽؿ
ׯٵᣬʱ䡣
ȻˣܻׯҲڵһǰμٵڶߵġ죬ׯҲûǰ¶档Ṥģӡˮ̫λܻ߼ϡʵٵᣬΪҪһһ죬ͺ⣬Ҳǿǰ뿪ġ
ֻΪܻׯٵṩľˮʳﶼǷǳߵȵĶ߲˷Ļᡣ˵ܶԵ㣬ҲǺõġ
ٵ󣬾Ҳһ棬䶣һ֮󣬽౻᳤ܻ߻ͷذ»ᡣ
һգܻׯ԰һӴĽУĴܻڲԱۼ
Ϊڽ죬ׯеȼׯеȼһƷ˭֪ׯεʵеȼ򣬾ҪɵȼԲܽӦĵȼʵǿǲɵȼͨеȼĲԣô翴ͻǵΡ
ԣҲȽڡ
ׯ
Դˣ
ܻڶߣԺ󣬶ĴкȻǴܻڲԱǾԵʵǿȫ߼ʵܻĸ߼ϣһҲǵͼζѡׯȴܽƷǿ߳ׯɻܵĴڡ
Ҳ˿ԵĴк
ûȶãܻׯؿԵĵȼԣؿׯ֡
ׯ
ׯˣ
ؿׯ;ЦŴһк
ׯ׼׵ھͿʼɣؿׯ˵
׼׵ʱԿʼЦЦ
ԵеȼԣֱԽպΡһƷεȼʵȫչĻҪһһƷƷȥܻǾͷׯ԰ڴܻеȼԣȻǷǳǿģԾԵĵȼԣֱӿСεĲԡ
򵥵˵ǾԿֱӴӵεղεĵȼԡ
Դ˽ȥˡ
֪ԴҪöʱ䣬ɳյȼĲԡ
ҿһʱ㹻ˡ
յȼĲԣ£߼ܹԳɹҲҪʱġҶ֪ʵǿҪʱ䣬̫˵ׯһʱһƷյĵȼԡ
ղԣ̷ǳĸӡԴͨԿ϶û⣬ҲҪ̵ʱ䡣һʱ䣬ͨġҿҪʱҵʱ䡣
ţǲμӹղԣкܶؿҪʵҪĺһ
һ֪ׯöʱͨˡ
ܻڶߣĽ̸šûΪ޷ͨյȼԣھԽöʱ䣬ǶвͬĿ
˶˵˾ׯʵۼļûСׯٵϳֵģЩܻׯ԰ڲԱûвμׯٵġ
ʱ򣬾ؿׯҲ룬ͨղҪʱ䡣
ʱһȥյʱ
ˣһ΢𶯱Ҹ֪ԴӳյȼԿռ˳
ׯϣŵЦݡ
ô죿
յʱ䲻
Ҳ̫
ׯϲϲѾΪղˡˣ߷͸ׯؿׯǶԾԹϲһ䣬Ȼ˽ƶĳղ߷͸ԡ
лׯˣôҾֱӽεĵȼ԰ɣ˵
࣬Ǵһ֮ڣֱӽˡ
ԣׯؿͷ
εĵȼԣԱߵһ޴֮ڽеġԺؿׯȳһߵȼԽڶ߽žͳȥˡ
Եȼԣõʱ΢һ㣬һʱ䡣
ȼͨ󣬾ȥ˽εȼԵĵطȼԽȥɾСöˣȥֻгպβڽʮ֮һӡ


2658 ѡ
Ҳ
εĵȼԳأʹõĴǷǳǳٵġ˵ڴܻӰ췶ΧڵߣҪεĵȼԼڴܻڣɼˣܹȼ߻̫̫ˡ
ⳡأ궼ѵʹһΡ
ؿׯ;Խ볡أĴܻ߾ͲܽˣΪ⽨Ҳɲôͬʱ롣
鰡
˰
꣬Գضûˡ֮Ǵֽܻһεߡ
˵λԴ˽ʱ䲻Ҳ֪Ϣ滹Ǽٵġ
ԴǴܻׯ԰֮ǰֻһƷΡ˵ʱ䲻ͿԽΪʲôֻǵˡֻ˷ѽǣԴ˽ʱḷ́ܶʵأ
ܻǣȻǲܽ鳡عۿҲû뿪Ƕڵžׯεĵȼԡ
˻û˵ٻʱҲ͹ȥʮʱɣԺؿׯǴӽ˳
ӾԽԳصǰǰҲͶʮʱӡ
ԣҿׯ㶼һ㶡
ôˣ
ѵ첻ȼ𣿾Դˣǲǻû׼ã
ܰɣϾԴѾ˳պεĵȼԡ
ǣ˵š
鳤ӱȡׯʱؿׯˡ
ؿׯ仰֤ˣׯѾΡ
ʲô
⡭
ô˽εĲ𣿡
ôܣδ̫ˣ
˶ţȻˣǲҲһؿׯؿׯǸԽԵˣȻׯ˶ô˵ˣ˵Դ˽Ĳԡֻǽô׵һ£Ҫһʱ䡣
רˣȥȡǿճۺ
ǵȼǧߵҲ綥ˡһ˵ֻдﵽȼʸڴ֮ǰֻǸոս߾ĵͼ
лׯˡԶؿׯֵл
ׯ̫ˣߣǼ¡ؿׯЦ
Ҫĵ飬ǹڴܻһͷׯ԰󳡵顣ܻᣬδսѡվؿׯ֮ǰ˵ģҪܻ֮ǰĺѡдһΡܻᣬд󣬲ŻҪҪþԳս
գּԼȼƷİƷ;ƷȼͣΪ棬ͳ̶Ҫ󼫸ߣҲЩϾɱ䶼ûɡ

֮
һ鳤۵ߣ˴ܻׯ԰ϵǿճۣڴ;ǿս˿һ־֤һƷǿߡ
ƷǿߣǴܻڲԱҲǽڴܻΧڵģܻĸ߲㣬ҲǱȽϤġ
ܻׯ԰󣬲ûȼׯׯƷǿߣֱӼǴܻһӰ켫ĸ߼ϡ
֣ܻĸ߼ϼˣվϴЦʺ
ζϣҽӵׯż㣬̹ˡǲȷҴܻǳ䶷濪ʵ
Ʒ߷棬ܻļζϹϵǷǳõġҪȻܻׯ԰Ҳڼׯׯ֮ǰȼζϡ
ζϣҲǴܻׯ԰ڣʵǿĸ߼֮һζϣͬǾƷΡĿǰڴܻڣƷεǿߣһҲֻĸˡζϣĸ֮һ
ʵĻζϱȷ滹һЩλˣǱȽǿľƷߣڴܻڵľƷУƥеĺ١
ʻζ¶һĨȻɫ
һ˵֣֪ġ¿󳡣ҴܻἫҪµĻҴܻҪ·ˡ
ζϵĻɲΣܻĿǰֻһܲ࣬󳡵࣬ʵѾɵˡò˶ã󳡾ͻͨĿ󳡣޷ˡܻԴҲˣܻضҪһַǳεľء
Ϊˣ·ֵܹĿ󳡶ԴܻǸҪ
ζϣ⻰֪Ǵܻỹûȫô֪ǽҹʲô飿ü΢Щʵ
ҾµĻİ÷ִǴܻˡׯׯûһЩʱ䣬ٵȵȡⲻһоԵߣ˵ʵҲǴﵽ˾Ʒɣζ˵ԵʱԵЩΪȻ


2659 ̫ں
߾ǼζλׯƼġ
֮ǰܻѡˣ⼸ۺõģܻׯׯҪ÷ߴܻ䶷¿ˡԵͻȻ֣Ƴׯׯѡվ
ԭҲüζ϶Ծ΢ʡȻԵʵȷʵҲǿׯٵϣͻƷ߳ׯԣζׯׯǰҲǲֱӾͷ񶨾ԡ
ԣʲôͷüʵ
ζϣ㽫Ե˵һ顣
ȷʵЩͬѰӦһЩܵġܻׯׯ䱧ϣҲղ˵ĿǰŽƷ飿ˣΪβƷΣʵ
ԽƷκ󣬾ʱֹͣ˼ԡ
ʵⲢ˵޷ͨԣǾñȽ鷳Ǵ㣬ԼɵɱһԼĵȼƷεġ
ҾͲ֪ˣˣӦǾƷɣӦ뷮дһûоƷʵӦò޴ĴӦһдɣǻԣ̫ײˡζϻ˵
ȻˣҲΪ뷮ȡҾãׯׯǶһ١ζֲһ䡣
Ǻǣҵ뿴ʵΡһҲãǴܻׯׯ͸øɴһˡЦһ˵
Ȼζ˵Ե󣬷ҲǾþһĴԣⲻΪԼܹѹԡڴܻΧڣȵľƷ飬ΪûСǽΧŵ磬ȵľƷ飬Ҳܶࡣ
ǷؿңҿܲӦɡζЦά˷һ䡣

ԣؿׯ˹
ׯңʡ
⼸գɱȷǳ졣ܻ᷽͸һٿ࣬㣬ΪԼԼʮ鵽ʮɱ䡣ͬʱҲȷʵͬһ㣬ڵӿռ䣬зǳǿļӹ̡ȶЧ
ĿǰδһѾԸоԼĹͷųõǿȵӿռ䣬ȫɹǸʱ򣬲ྰԾȫͷųˡ
Ա˵𼶵ս磬Ʒ飬ǴﵽżȫͷŹǳԽżġ
ׯҪдˣѾǴܻׯ԰λߣֽз档һɢޣûйׯ԰ɢޣʵǺǿġؿׯԾ˵
磬߶ͨʯġʯһ⣬ȫڿ󳡡˵߽󣬶ԼĹׯ԰ھʱ߻һׯ԰һׯ԰Ҳ߻뿪ׯ԰ԼС
ϣеǷǳٵġǣһеߣʵǿġ
˵д裬Ҫʼˣһ
Եģ󳡿Ȩ䶷ڣҲûʣʱˡԣþׯ뷮ͽһд衣д󣬻ʤһҲǴܻҪѡˡؿׯ˵ͷԾ˵
ԣǾɣԶԴûʲô
ʱת˲ǹ졣
뷮д裬ڴܻׯ԰ǹġҲǣһд裬ǴܻڲԱɹսдĵص㣬طٰׯٵĴ
дڵ磬дĴܻڲԱӿһٵ
λƷ˵Ķսɲܼġڴܻׯ԰УһӶûֻĿõλƷսġ
ԾׯҲһЩ˽⡣
ܻǣԷ˵˽͸ˡˣ̫ˣܻ䷶ΧڣֻҪһʵһʶߣ˭֪ˣ
綼дԣǴܻΧڣǿľƷߡһ䲻ǹϣͬһǷǳǳࡣ
ׯԸ߳Լסͼܻӡˮ̫ϵ棬ӡˮ̫ϣԾЦŴ˸к
ӡˮ̫ϣǵҵģԿ˿ܣ⸽ֻӡˮ̫һˣȥӡˮ̫һʱ䡣
ǣӡˮ̫ЦЦ뾰ׯһȥٵǱߡ
ӡˮ̫ҲǸ߼ϣȼζ߼ϣʵܶࡣҲζϱϾʸϵĳ֮һ


2660 
ӡˮ̫һͬׯ԰ٵ
ׯ㽫Ҫ뷮ǰд裬֪Էǰ˽٣·ϣӡˮ̫ʵ
֮ǰ˽⡣ׯ˼Ȼд裬Ǵʵһǳǿɡ˵
Ǵܻ䷶ΧڣǰǿľƷ֮һׯʵܻׯ԰֮ǰǴܻѾѡǰǴܻ䶷ˡӡˮ̫
Կ˿ӡˮ̫
ǰǴܻļζϹϵܺãҲǼζƼѡԭѡǰˣׯׯԷǰҲȽ⡣ͻȻһЩ仯ζǱ߲̫ˡζϣҹׯ¡ӡˮ̫ϼ˵
뷮дһپѡƺԴܻûʲôɣü
ȷʵûʲôׯ㲻֪ζǴܻӰζϵʸǷǳϵģׯǴܻׯʱ򣬼ζϾǴܻĸ߼ˡܶʱׯҲǷǳӼζϵ̬ȡӡˮ̫һ
˵ζϾ뷮д裬Ƕһ٣Щӡˮ̫˼ˡ
ȷʵǴܻׯȴܼ֣ׯׯǰ˵ġӡˮ̫˵ͷ˵
ʱ򣬾Բӡˮ̫ʲôˡ
λӡˮ̫ϣׯϵԼ뷮һд裬ׯļֽԼܸ˷ߣôؿׯҲһЩӰģܻ
˿ܻׯׯ֮䣬ƺҲǺ޼϶ġ
ؿׯǴܻׯںܶĴϣҲܵܶĳ⡣ʵҲׯѹţׯһȺׯ԰ڵλߵӵ
ֻǾԲ̫ףΪεׯλͣׯ֮λؿ
ӡˮ̫ϣֻ˵Լ߾ȫ˵ʵҲܻμһ󳡵䶷ܵõܶ͡Ҳ˵ˣǵǿƷ֮һҿû̫İաԶӡˮ̫
ׯض룬˵Щֻþׯ뷮ǰдʱСһЩӡˮ̫ЦЦ
Եͷ
˵䣬ǵٵ
˽ٵʱܻׯׯѵˡܻĸ߼ϺͨϣҲǵһ롣ĳԱ˵ٵռ㹻Ҳɵ¡
ׯλǷǰˡӡˮ̫ԾԵ˵һ䡣
ʵӡˮ̫˵ҲܲµȻܶ࣬ԼʱҲкܶ˶Ŀ⿴Լǲͬġλߣһս⣬ͬĵط
ׯׯԵǰ棬ׯׯ˹ּ
ׯˡ
ׯؿ
ׯׯܿׯԾҲκεķСʵϣׯͬΪþׯ뷮ддȽϺáϾ¿󳡶ԴܻδҪʧȥˣôܻܾܿʹ˥ܡ
磬ׯ԰µׯ԰Ҳϵׯ԰١ֱǨûׯ԰ܹ⡣
˵ܾͷܹȻɣ
磬Ϊǿׯ԰ܻׯ԰ֻǵͷǿׯ԰ͷϣ̫ˡ
֣λ֮ǰ˵ľׯζЦЦԷߵ
ţ˵ͷĿţһֱڴԡ
ֺãԵǵȻĿк
ԵĴкȴǳһ£¶Ц㲻죬׽ûǸҪׯׯΪսҵʵλׯȻҲ뿴ǰֶá
ⷬ൱ˡ
ҽʱݣܶ鲢Ǻס뷮д裬ׯׯ˼ʤΣҲƶΪ׵Ļңǿ¾ʹشˡЦЦ˵
Ǿһֵ¼°ɣ䶷ĿɲǿࡣĿӾƶ
ׯׯ˵ѾˣׯׯǾͿʼɣ
Դܻׯׯ滹ǱȽصģǰżǫ
ׯǾͿʼɣؿׯҲׯ
ãׯ˵ͷ
ׯᡣؿׯԵñȽϡ
ׯ׼ˣھ뷮ֵܱԱ԰ɣؿׯתĿ⣬Ե
ʱԿʼԻºǵ˴볡ء
Ƭյ㹻˱дá


2661 
ٵλóأ뷮Զ
Сһóɣ˵дưƾΪСһ
ҵԼ˫֡ԻӦ
ĿǰΪֹδúʵߣûиַȵȡкʵҲǿԱȽսġ
ԪĺøӸӣгʹõġ
Խʱ̫̣ҵܹܳ׵顣ļֵǳľˡ
ǺǣȻˣҲˡڳӣΪⳡдоԲʹĻήԼݡ
ǷԼ顣ν˵
ׯֵܣ׼ˣɿʼдˡؿׯ˵
ԣ㲻дģߣȻһٶȼ졣
ԣӳƵԡ
սܼ򵥣ε֣߳ǶҲʵСֲռ䶼
һս˭ʤأ
ǻ˵϶Ƿ˰Դ˵ʵȻҲǿȻ뷮ƥС
ţһսӦûġҿԴ˵ʵ²ôǿҪȻôֱӽΪƷأ
ĿǰȼƷͨǿճڣԺжϡ
˵Ҳǣǿ¾Դ˼ֲ˶ð
ܻĳԱۡԺͷˣսһ
ĳٶȼ죬ٶٿ죬ҲþֵԵǿǿɵۼ塣磬ǿҲкܶôġͱʱԿɵԤзĹ켣
Իȭֵȭͷ׼ޱȵס˷Ƶ
飡һ漴
Ե壬ˣ壬ֻǻζһ¡ϣԱȷһЩ
üмٵתһν棬Ծ͵õ˺ܶϢеȫķӳǾǿѹġⷮǿҲǾƷ飬ǿܴﵽżѡУȴ𼶡
Ե壬Լؼء
壬øΪ˳ڶĿϣȷʵԶ֮ϡԳ˼
γɵĸӿռ䣬Ŀǰ޷ȫɹȫɣǾҲԸõĿƹе
û취ǾĶ̰壬ֻͨɱﵽĿġ
Сӣȷʵԡѹ֣ׯ㡣ɨžԡ
ƺûбֱӻɣЩԤϡ
ôٽһȭԿ沽һԿٽӽ
һιƵڶαȭͷ
ԶŶԷȭӰ켣Ϊɱȼ̫ͣԵǿȣǿ߲˺ܶࡣԣԾԲԼֱӳܶԷĹĻԼﵽ𼶷ͶȵҲԻᱻش
һ硣
øʦֵ壬ǿֱӳŻʴǺεȿֲǿȣڵ壬̫̫ˡɱȼͣһС֡
ȭͷԱĳƣٴ뷮ӲӲĶһС
䣡
ˣƵֱۣкǿľС
ܳԿҵ˵ɱĻǽӦþкܴˡת
ÿһɱ䣬޴ߵҪɱ䡣棬ɱˡѹסԣ
ɫڶεĹѾǾˡǣȴǱԵ
ζ˵ûԣȷʵžƷεʵҿھƷҲϵˮƽĻֱӸɴĻܻŪԾˡ
ׯˣׯʵǲ緮ֵġζ۾ؿׯ˵
ƺǵģؿׯϵûʲô仯Ǽζϵĵ⣬Ҳûһ㡣
ô˵ׯȷʵˡĽһʱ䣬ĺֲܿζ˵һ䣺ׯҲеġʣĹԳҫ硣
䶷ʱ䲻ˣϧׯͻȻڡ
ĳϣ뷮ĶսļȫǱѹŴ򣬵ȫҲԹƾķء
ģ
ôÿһζǡôסҵĹ߱ΪԼսʤڿôһ£Щ߳ŭɱ⽥


2662 Щɥ
磬˵ʵ֮佻սʵӽ߽սܻסԷй
˵߽ս֮ᱻԷֱӹԼ塣Ϊһǿò˼飬ʵ൱֮䷢սУҲǺѷսپֽġ
߾ԼԿٽ˾ԣΪʵȾҪǿ󡣾ھƷУֻϵʵ棬ȴǿƷһġܻΧǿľƷͷɲԴޣǺܶ߶ϵġ
ǣڵĹȫԷ⵲޷ֱӻоԵ塣ĻÿζܽԻˣȴ޷ԾɽϴĴˡǳȥǻ֪Ҫʱ䣬ܽۻһתΪⳡдʤ
һǣǱʶоΪûʸԼսھԲսܳʱάŲܡߣûôġ
ɶĻ쵰ͺ
ৣȡԼ
֮ǰԲҲ˵ԼʱȻ߳ŭʳˡ
һǴ
ߵûô໨ڵĶձعشصظЩԪķǽȻͬġøԱڶǹӳ
ȥɣóǹϬ̶ȣԾһ̨ס
ԷľƷ飬ҲǺԼ˫ȭǴӲӲˡ
ˣ
λͣ°ɣⳡд裬͵ˡؿׯ˵ˡ
дĽѾˡׯʵǿȲϷܾõľƷ顣㾰ҲҲһԵԲһΡ
öɱȥǾԾ̫Σˡؿׯֹһд裬ҲбԵ˼
ɱؿׯĻȴûǡӶǴҪɱ˾ԡ
ؿׯһӰ˲Ϣǵ˳С֣㽫ߵǴ赭д̼佫ߵĹΡ
Ҳεǿߣôǿ
֮ϣҲΡҲΣҲϾеȼˡøĵӣĻҲҲΡƷߣڻԪǶˡǾƷҵĻôѹԪ𶥼ġߣ붥ɱʱǿƵһ
ׯˣʲôд軹ûС쵰û䣡ߺ˵
ߣѾ˽ⳡдĿģҪ뾰ׯֳؿׯ˿˵
ؿׯҲЩˣǴܻׯҲҲεǿڡǷ棬ȴֱûĻǣؿׯýеĲѹȥΪܻỹҪߴׯ԰󳡡󳡣Դܻ̫Ҫˡ
򵥵˵ܻڷ棬ׯҲ÷֡ӣǴܻȥߣæҵҲзʵ
֣ׯ;ׯɱ˾ׯׯ˻᲻˵ġζʱЦ˵
˵һд裬Ƕһׯʵףս֣ǻáζϼ˵ʱǳĵ⡣
ڴܻôԱǰѹؿׯһѡҲؿׯһᱨΪׯڡֻҪׯڴܻᣬֻҪζ¼صؿׯͺѶԸ
Կ˿ζϣҲô
һд裬ȷʵˣǲʵؿׯֹҲǲеģǴ̫ϬˡԣҲЩɥĶ̰壬ʵ
ׯˣǸˡԶؿׯǸ
֮ǰӡˮ̫˵Ļ֪ⳡдԼ󣬶ؿׯڴܻһӰ졣ԣԾЩⲻȥ
ׯˣ֮ǰ˵úҿûǣ˵ԼӦоƷʵһս֤һ㡣ؿׯڰֶԾԵ
Ƿ˸ǿ
ȻԴҲ뷮˽ôء
ʤܿܡ
ǼζƼģܰǴܻ󳡣ǿɾ˲ˡζϣǡֹ
˵ǣݾ޴ĹͣԺζׯ˵ĳ£ܾ͸ؿׯˡ
ֵܣԺ󡭡һһ¹ڴ˴䶷ɣׯվЦŶԷ


2663 θ̫
ǷߣĿɭɭ˾һۡ
ŻӦׯû⣡
ׯׯҾȸˡԶλׯ˹֣תЩȻٵȥ
ܻڶߵЩҲֻܿЦĬԼˣȻܵòǺѿվǰˡʱЪ˹ĲǸԵԼ䲻
ׯ
߳ٵ֮ӡˮ̫ϸ˳
ӡˮ̫ϡԻӦһ
㡣
ׯҲػģʵҲĿáܻܻǺٵġǼǴܻᣬ̾ܽ߼ϡӡˮ̫ЦŵԼЦԵ׺͡
ׯˣת㣬Ҫ̫ࡣӡˮֲ̫һ䡣
ţЩҶףлӡˮ̫ˡԵͷ
ڻԪǿǽӽɵ۵Ĵڣ޵ʱԼ㡣ǶԱȵĻܻؿׯˣھǰֻСѡԣԲؿׯӡˮ̫οԼ
䣬Ҫԭʵǰܸ˷ߡǣܴܻ䶷䶷ܲμӣ͸˵õʲôˡԣҪȡԴģĿɵ۲ΡĸоҪ뿪Ҳɵ۲С
ӡˮ̫ϣͻס
ͬʱһߣһС͵ĵڡ
ׯׯдܻ߼϶ȻˣλҲڡ
һȺˣű顣߲ǴܻڲԱܻ뷮ߴׯ԰䶷ȻҪ֧һıС
ǰܻûо÷ߴׯ԰սҲû˵ٵ顣ڣܻѲǰ϶ˡ
ֵܣҪЩ߰ؿׯü˵
ţ߶Դܻ᷽һǳ˵ĳ͡
ׯˣǶ¿󳡶ڴܻҪԡ¿󳡱µĻҵҪǹׯׯˣӦǴܻܹҵѡɣܻѡˣ¿󳡵ļǺܵͺܵͰ߻˵
Զ˴ܻᣡ
֮⣬ܻҲʵѡΪ䶷ٽܻҲûиʱȥӴľƷߡ
ٿ̣ܻҲôӦǶԷΨһѡ
ǷֵܣҪ¿ɵķݶ̫ˡǴܻᣬܸɵķݶؿׯҡͷ˵
ܻڣȷʵҪߴԼׯ԰սǣ˫ǹӶĹϵܻᣬӶ߳ս˵ˣܻһׯ԰󳡣䶷ķʽ󳡹ǽڴܻǿʵϵġǷԼȥһͷׯ԰󳡣ԷҲǿߣһƽȷɲŹ֡
ȷʵ̫ˣҪɷݶǵڴܻռ߳ɵķݶ˵ǽڴܻ¿󳡿ȨĻϡǣܻû󳡣ȻҪ֧һֺܸߵĳ֮͡Ƿ治׳ֵģʧҲԴһԴƨˡ
ׯˣ޷òܼ
ֵܰô˵ҲǴܻׯ԰ΧڵߡοĻԺҪĻܻΪṩܶġׯ΢˵
ׯˣ̰Ĳ㡣μ䶷ǿɲҸղ뾰Сд谡䶷һǳĲҰ˵һģԲɿڡ
ֿ䶷ȷʵǳļҡϵһ󳡵Ĺܵ㵽ֹ
ׯׯˣǾҪ̫࣬ǿǾСӴܻᡣֻǡǺǡСӰܻ¿󳡵ĿΪ㡣ٴᵽղűܵľׯ
ؿׯЩջ
һʵڷߣһҲεǿߣ䵽˵ľءҪôߵĳͣؿׯɫҲЩѿ
ܻ߼ϣҲǷǳĲ
ɣ䶷һЩʱ䣬ׯׯˣǿʱٿǿǡЦ
ţܻһԼθڡɢޣĻᵱȻҪץסˣǾܳԺܾá

ʨӴ󿪿£ڴܻׯ԰Ҳɢ
ܻǣһҲӹǶԴܻкǿ˵ߴӴܻҪߵĶǾǴ˿жʳңȻǺܲˡ
ˣθҲ̫ˣô˹֣
ʲô취أ˭˼ʵǿ
ǣ໥Ų


2664 Ϲһ
ܻǶԷʨӴ󿪿ڲܻ߲ʱֻСĹŷ棬Ǿ͸ûκΰ취ˣǱﰵ䡣
ڴܻڣҲͼζ϶ԷΪûκβáҪôߵı꣬ζϲòףҲԼĿǣؿׯûʲôׯҲܲĻǿܾͻζиӰ졣
ԣζҲǳ˵߽һЩҪıꡣ
ζϣ˵ǸԻڴܻׯ԰
ڷס˵Źڳ͵⣬ͻȻᵽ˾ԡ
ԣζͷ
ѵ˴ܻ𣿡һ䡣
ûмܻᣬׯ룬ûиȷеĴ𸴡ҿΪܻһԱζҡҡͷ
˲ǴܻˣΪһֱׯ԰ֵ
ؿׯͰСŲߣҲû֣ӱϾǾƷ鰡ζ˵
ߣĬһᡣ
Ȼ˵ζϣҹϵһ㡣ңȰ˵ҽһЩҵǺѣԸһӡ¿֮ҿֻҪɵķݶ
Ļζ϶ʱϲӣɴˣ
ׯׯû÷òζȴ÷һ󲽡ɷݶɷݶǿ֮һ
һСӸϳȥ˵һ䣬ԾԵԹߣȻûɢȥڴܻׯ԰û취֣ѾһԾٴγˡ
ҲԴ˺ܲ˳ۣھȥׯ˵¡֣ģҶ׵ġζظ֤
ζ뿪סȥׯׯؿׯ̸˺һᡣ
ؿׯգסĵط
뷮д󣬾Ծ㲻һֱڽɱ
ؿׯԣȻҪ뿪ׯ԰ġʵ£ЩΣԲԼӡˮ̫֪ͨԼɡԼˣԾԵءҲεǿߣ˵ʵ£һλҲεǿߣҪ̫˼һߵ档ؿׯԾԣȻˡ
ׯǷɣؿׯ˳˵뿪ׯ԰̾뵽϶з
ؿׯ˵ͷ
һŭ⣬Ҳھ
ⷮ棬ֱ̫
ׯһ⡣Խŭȥһƽ
ֵܣʰɣؿׯ
֮ǰǽоׯڽоֵܣƺϣ׽١
ܻ뺮ѻ󳡵䶷жÿʼһĨš
ʮ죡ؿׯûж룬Ȼľͻش⡣
ڣܾȷ
ؿׯȻǼһε䶷䶷ڣмǵ÷ǳι̡
ʮ졭Կг࣬Ӧÿԡ
ֵ˵ʲôؿׯɻžԡ
ׯˣ䶷ʼ֮ǰҪ뷮дһΡϢ΢΢һ
ʲôؿׯһ㶡
ȷʵû뵽ԻҪ뷮дһΣʲô𣿶̶һ£ѵԾ뷮ȵĵز
ǲܵ顣ʵѾǺܽӽҲˡʵٽһ㣬ǳѡ˵Ե滹ͦġһ£ܴﵽ뷮ȫĵز
ׯڣҾȵׯ԰ܿջȥ䶷ʼ֮ǰһ˵
ֵܣؿׯü˵ǣҪǰǰ¿ڡ˵ûʮʮ졣࣬Ҳһ㼸ɣ
ֵܣ֮ǰ뷮дУûǺܳԿ顣гֵȻǷĶ֡ٴд裬ǻáؿׯ˵ûм˵ȥ
Ļײ²⣬ѿͬʱؿٳɾ뷮ڶд裬ٴʧܣؿׯͬѿׯ԰ڵţǻһǧɣ
ׯˣһΣһд裬ܻܷҲһǷ治ǽʨӴ󿪿Ҵܻ¿󳡣ҵͺܶࡣҲ˵˷ʨӴ󿪿ڵ飬ֱǳŴܻĽҪͷ
ؿׯֿ󣬾׼뿪ׯ԰ˡׯ԰ʱ˷档ⷮ棬רׯ԰ŵš
СӣоΣҰһĶȥ̫ܰɣǺǣʵҲֻҪǰҿ԰ġ߿ԳǲĴ˵
ԱŴˡ


2665 ɱ
ޱߵŭ⣬ھзڡ
ȻǷŭǷǳ侲棬Ծǹơ衢ԼԼ̲סֵĻǷɱԼˡ
Լס֣ǷûɣؿׯվɵȻ˵ڴܻǽһҲǿߵˣʳѰġ
õ̫õġѹͷĻ棬ŷ棬ͳ˵˼֡
Լ뿪
üž뿪û
СӵǴߣҶ֣ұؽ㵱֮أ˵
ļûгɹ
Խׯ԰Ĵܿջ
ǿƹԽӴԡǿ˵ȻҲΪʲôׯ԰û˾ԶԡԾԣΪĿר׼һ硣
ԴˣҲؽ黳Ƿˣվǲڴܻ̫õġһ䶷ͻ뿪ǿԾƣͬʱ˵
òġԵ
Ե˼ǣõȵܻ뺮ѻ䶷ԣʲôطͻʲôطվ
ԺƹǿˣҲ˲̵ʱ䡣
ڴܿջסҲ߰˴רĵɵɱ䣬Լһ
ʹ࣬ԵɱٶȺܿ졣
Ҫ֪ѰߣɱʱԴ¶Ƚ϶ȱ磬ɱߣʵͨҲǳղΡǿΣҲŽĴɱ䡣ɱ䶼ûɵߣܻܿڵΡʵлõĸ߼Դ
Եĵɱ䣬һǧɱศɣ˵ÿʱỵ̈ԵǴǿ֮С
ˣʱ˶ʮ졣
һգڿջڵľԣȻɱ䣬ʱѾɹˡ
ڣһĸӿռ䣬ڸӦ
ÿһɱ䣬Щӿռ䶼˺ܶӡ˼š
Щӿռ䣬ƺԳɿռ䡣Ļǻɱʱÿһӿռ䣬ݱһĹģӿռԼÿһӿռ䶼൱һ磬ôĸӿռ磬ܴôֲ
Ӧþˣ
ҪȻøôôĿֲɵǰ红ͯһÿһӿռ䣬൱һ磬Ƿͬǿ˼ĵز
αøҵһᡣĿо
ڻԪ򣬾ǲܵõϵͳġøǿߣԪҲһøǴڡøԪУյĵҲô˶ѡңڻԪУҲҵٵԴЩԴЧ޷Դȵġͼ飬ڻԪռҲңǲڻԪռƵԴ
ɱЩӿռ䣬֪ܷȫɹеٴνгԡ
һǾĽһӿռ䡣Ըоеĸӿռ䶼ӯ󣬹еԼһھѪ֮С
ǲ٣ȵĴɱӦþͿˡҡҡͷ
ȻԿռ䣬ǲȫɹеڶɱʱȣͷŵĹҪǿܶࡣ
ٹաҾͽׯ԰Ŀƽǰ
ʮʱԶҲ֮ǰ˺ܶࡣһԵġ˵ǲ޵ġҲεߣѾյ˷ǳ˵ĵزôȻ԰߼ȹڸӿռ䣬ֻǻԽԽ
죬ԾϤʹá壬ƿأҪ̫ʱܴ硣
һˣ˴ܿջڴܻׯ԰ǳһЩһЩƷ׵ġЩˣֵϣһǿճ۵߹ǶʶסҴ˵ׯ԰⣬дܻʿ
Դˣʶԣæһ
鷳λͨׯˣ˵Զʿ˵
ʿһۣǵȻ֪֮ǰ뿪ׯ԰Ǳ߲ߵġԭ򣬾Ƿ˵ϣ˲뾰Դׯ԰ڷ˻ׯ԰Դֻ֪Ļ˿϶ܲˡ
ԴҲһˣͬһλžƷʵߡ


2666 Ҫ
ͨߣׯ԰ʿֱӸ˾ǡɶӵоƷʵľԣׯ԰ʿʮҲǿ
ԴˣڴԵƬ̣ȥͨׯˡһʿԾԵ
лˡԶЦЦ
ׯ԰ʿڴܻڲλܸܲߣΪְǿֱӼׯׯ԰ϵġ
ؿׯׯ԰ʿ˵ˣׯ԰ţͷһ˲뵽˶ʮ֮ǰԳׯ԰ʱ˵Ļ
ѵׯҪٴ뷮д裿ؿׯֹ
ʱԼ֣أžͲ̨µĳ滰ǣؿׯԲȫ϶Իڴܻ뺮ѻ䶷֮ǰ뷮д衣Ȼھѵׯ԰⡣
ׯ뵽ؿׯ΢Ͷׯ԰ʿ˵
ǣׯ԰ʿӦȥ
Խׯ԰ܻׯ԰ڶࡣȥؿׯ·ϣǻᱻܻԱЩ˿Գ֣Ǹеȡѽ⡣һЩ뾰ӭߣȻҲǿ뾰Դкϴдȷʵ˷棬ı䲻˾ԴǾƷʵ
ܻڲƷʵĸ߼Ҳλѡ
ׯôˣ
֪ˣǻǴܻׯ԰ס֪Դֽׯ԰²ưոݰɣ
Է˵ӣ϶ưոݰǺ˵ͲҪ󽫾Դ˸ϳׯ԰ˡ
ӣׯסȥģӦׯԴ˽ġ
ܻĳԱ׷ۡ
Ϣܿʹ˴ܻ߲ĶСܻ߲㣬֪÷߽͹Ӷ͵ǽԸϳׯ԰ھֽׯ԰Ƿпܷأ
ׯôþׯ
ϵشׯѵֲ𣿾ؾԴˣҲڹؼʱҲҪ䶷֮󰡣
ܻĳǣһҲü
ؿׯס
ׯˣһˡԶؿׯ˹֡
ֵܣǰЩġؿׯžԡ
ţģԵͷ
Ҳ˵һİջܷ𣿾ֵܣŹȥʮʱ䣬ӶأһǡҲֹ档ؿׯü
һдʱؿׯֹ˷ԡȻˣؿׯ֣Ҳδɱ˾ԡ
ׯˣ֪뷮д裬ʧܣӰҲܴûгһİգҲҲؿׯ
ؿׯžԿ˺һᡣ
ͻȻһֵãֵܣ㡣
ڴ֮ǰȥһ˱⣬ҪһȻִټδҵֵģбܱûǿöࡣ
ܻͷ⵱Ȼٲ˸Ʒʵؿׯ飬Ҳûܾãİս
ؿׯԴžǰׯ԰ı⡣

ڣ
ͼζϣׯǰ
ׯˣؿׯҪʲôǲǷˣζϣԹ죬ûжؿׯ𾴡
ʵׯǰһֱؿׯû̫𾴡
ׯеʧؿׯǸһСӽҺܲ⡣֮ǰЭѱׯ˺٣ҵı껹Ҫָ¿ɷݶ
ׯҲвûнֳ
˵ֵܣȲҪżУһЩᡣζϣׯһˡ
ׯǶԷ氲ֶԼζϷԸ
ׯˣؿׯžȥˡģ϶þǴܻѡһǿζŭ
⣿ׯüŵǣҲȥ⿴ɣؿׯӦûһ͵ġ
ׯǰͼζںӰׯ԰ȥ
ׯ԰ڵ߼ϣҲ׷ױ
£ͬѰ
вۡ
ʱ㣬ׯҪ;ׯⲻ
߼ǣҲ߳סȥ
ׯ԰ͨĳϣٽڶĴܻԱȺپ£⡣ׯ԰գù졣ͨĳԱҲһԤУ콫иҪׯ˺;Դ֮䣬һ˲֪顣
ׯˣƺЩܻǣׯׯ
ׯˣһĽͣȨܾܻӶʱɲܹң˵Ц


2667 
ؿׯžѡ
ʵҲûʲôģܻڵȻܱܶܶ࣬ʹõľû١ͨͳܲ˾Ե
ڿŵģһɫһɫ̱һɫĿؽЩʵضܺأʼ͡
ֵܣ⼸Զԣһų֡ؿׯ˵
ҲûڻԪôڻԪ޵Լֱӵıϵǿ޵ߣǽɵ۾һֱʹõҲ֮ɱ䣬Ϊǿޱȵĵ۱磬ǹ߰ˡ
áԵ˵ͷ
ֱǰӶоϣû
ҾؽɣԳ˵
ڻԪʱ򣬾Ի϶ýεԽиһЩȻ֮ûʲôĲ𣬾ͻʹóˡ
Сؿׯû
ׯˣׯ㡣ʱһĹԱæҵĶؿׯ˵
⣬ɲֻׯһˡܻҪѾۼ˴롣죬ҪвѰ鷢
ׯˣ˵һ㶼ûׯˣûͦ졣Կ˿ؿׯ˵
ؿׯϵׯ˻ׯԴ²żǷͼζ˿϶ҲĵġׯΪס棬Ҳ⡣
ǾͳȥɣׯȼˡؿׯЦЦ˵ֵܣһοɾͿˡٰܸߣǿɾͰҲˡ
ׯģҵİվ͸ˡҲЦ
߳⡣
棬һȺ£ؿׯ;ԴӱЩܻĳԱȫĿۼǾͷ˾еɫؽܻĳԱɫؽȻİǴܻׯ԰Ϊĸߵ֮һʱС
ׯˣѵǽؽ͸Դˣѹ֣ׯ˴žԴ˱⡣
ؽֵˣô͸һأ㾰Դ˼Ǵܻׯ԰ҪõؽҲþׯͳһɣ
ׯȻûκҪؽ͸ׯ
ԣ߶ؿׯߵ͸ЩǴܻҪԴô͸һˣׯҲûȨ
ׯؿׯׯ˹֡
ׯֵҪһ͡Ͳ⣬ܻܾܻ뺮ѻ䶷ׯ˿еؽûѯôھУҪؿׯΪþԽܻׯ԰
ׯûʲôý͵ġֵҪܻὫֵׯ԰ⲻһҪ󡣴ӿʼҲûдӦҪ󡣡ؿׯҡҡͷ˵
ؿׯȷʵûдӦԣʱҹԣ뾰ʱ뿪ׯ԰ǣû׿ڴӦҪ
ׯˣǲЩˣΪܻҪҲμӿ䶷Ǻгġڿܻƺеں治˵
ȻˣȨܾεĺׯ֮ǰҾ˵ˣⲻܹҡֿׯ˵
ֵȲҪׯİ档
ׯ㵽Ҫʲô¿󳡶ǴܻҪԡ޷õ¿󳡣Ǵܻٷǳεľءѵ뿴Ŵܻὥ˥ȥ𣿡ׯЩ
ׯû˷棬ҴܻҲδؾ͵ò¿󳡡ֵܣԸΪܻμ䶷Ҹ˵˼Ҳϣֵܴܻ뺮ѻ䶷þֵ䶷Ǵܻ¿󳡵ĻӦøһЩؿׯ˵
ʲôׯһ㶡
ʵû뵽ؿׯô˵
þԴܻ䶷ܻׯ԰õ¿󳡵ĻһЩ
ؿﵽʲôʮ֮ǰд裬ѾˣߵʵǳԲٵġŪһǾҲǷߵĶ֣
ׯˣ⻰Ҳ̫˰ɣŹȥһµʱ䣬ѵ˾뷮ֵдһд裬ֹ˷ּ⾰С¶Ѿɱ˰ɣζϾ˵
ׯῪЦܻҪҰæˣû⣬Һþۺɢ뿪ǡׯҪ˵䶷ҵʤңׯˣѵǾеˣ𣿡˵˵ţЦ
ׯҲԽԽջ


2668 һܻ
浱ȻĵҪܾܻս˷ı꣬ã
ʱԽΪˣ䶷£вؿׯӡؿׯ˵ĻпϲΪؿׯԣ©ٳġԿ϶ܻ϶µĳԱͬؿׯ˵ľԱʤ
ׯˣϣׯ԰Ϊءһλ߼̲סҲˣλ˵ĸ߼ϣͬǾƷΣǴܻʵǿλ߼֮һӰ
ׯΪҪҴܻ᣿ҴܻμׯٵܻûпɣȻ㲻ǴܻڲԱׯҲһٿ㡣ѵ㻹𣿡и߼ʾԡ
֮ǣ㾰Ӧúʱǲʺׯ԰ġȴƫƫׯ԰ⲻǸܻǹ⼤
ׯ㻹뿪ܻׯ԰ɣܻ£ȫ׼֮뺮ѻ䶷ϣʱ䲻ҪӰܻᡣׯžԡ
ʵϣׯҲǺ;ߵġʱûж򡣵ǣȷʵǶԾԲ˲
ׯˣ˼Ҫ˵治ܻϺȵġԶׯֵղׯѾ˵ˣҾԿԴܻμ뺮ѻ䶷
ׯⳡ䶷ҴܻἫҪԸܻսҺܸлׯüҡͷ
ׯˣ֮ǰǷдһΣһȷʵǰˣһҳϡҪ˵ǣǶʮ֮ǰ顣뷮д裬ȫһˡԴ˵
Ŀоâһ
Ц
Сӣɣʮ֮ǰҵĶ֣ȥⲻһµʱ䣬ܻˣ߿˵
ׯҲһ˼ı鿴žԡ
ׯֵġͬʱҲΪֵڵʵѾ뷮ȡؿׯûǷЦΧ
ؿׯǱɱˡʵţׯҲǿߣȻŴ˵˵ǡ濴ؿׯ
ۣûκ塣棬սһΣԶŷ棺ΪǲĶ֣ôսһҲûκεʧ𣿡
ԵĻڳĴܻ߶ðֻɱׯеҪ뷮սһأǻԣһӾʹ
ѵԴһ뷮
ׯ֧־ֵ뷮дһΡú뺮ѻ䶷ǴܻҪֵܵʵڷ֮ϣþֵܳսʤͻߡؿׯȫ֧־ԡ
ؿֵܣأׯǿؿ
ׯУؿׯ˵ǱȽͬġþؿսһԴܻ᲻ʲô¡
ɫüԼܵ裬û˦뿪뿪ĻܻܾͻֱþԳսˡ
ã
ɱһԣһαԣҲϣׯٽ롣һСֻ֮һܻݵ˵
СӣҲңԾԺʡ
ԸԵͷޱ
ׯˣأһУСӿ䣬ܻĳԱҲֹɱֿؿׯ
ؿׯü˿ԡؿׯԾԣȷʵûʮģľԻᱻɱѾչزƺҲûѡأֻܴӦ档
ԣҲٳֹؿׯ˵ͷ
ܻׯ԰ˣڷֵܺ;ׯĵڶαУóֽ롣ׯܣͳ˵
ǣܻµĳԱӦ
ôͿʼɣԽɫؽǰŶķ˵
˱ȽϽˣ׷׺ˣóĿռ䲫ɱ
ˣ֪Դˣʲô̡ΪãԼڶʮ󣬾ܻܷˡ
ʲộ뿿һܷˣǳ˵ΡԱȷ˲һء
һսׯҲˣԴ˻ġ
ɱҲԼѡûˣǿ뷮˱ԡ
һλƷεǿߣҪڴˡ
ܻĳԱ۷׷סûˣΪܹƥз档ǣ϶ԽһαУڷ˵С
ׯҲһ̾
ׯΪ˼أӡˮ̫ϣ˫üҡͷ뾰Թϵ뿴Աɱ


2669 ʵ
ӡˮ̫⾰ΪҪ뷮ڶɱҲؿׯΪʲôҪﾰƶ뷮ĵڶν
벻ͨȴҲ޿κΣûֹ뷮ڶսġ
ڷУԺͷϵԽԽǿ
ֳɫؽץųصǴһҵĲɱʼ
ׯˣ㲻һֱ;ΪҪأӦ˵ǰζؿׯ˵
ζϣкܶ飬ƶ󲻵ġֻۼŻԼķǳؿׯ˻Ӧζϡ
ζϺ˺û˵ʲôеȻҲҶؿׯ̫ׯԻؿϾׯݣڸܻׯ԰ˣͬʱһλҲεǿߡ
䣡
ʱ򣬾Ժͷɱʼˣ˼ʱͬʱ˶˻ΪӰԷȥ˵мǿĳ
գ֮䣬˱һɫؽǴҵĽӡ
һ޴ײܿռ䵴˽֣û̽ԵĹһ֣ȫԸ
ʲô
ô£
ˣȻˣ
ܣһûжȫ
ڳ߶뾰ԵһײǱ޴úˡڶʮ֮ǰǳԽһģÿһν棬ǾԱúˡڶʮһα֮У;ԶһЩ롣
ȫĻô˵ڶʮʱԵһ⣬Ȼ˵һܽ͵˵ġ
ׯȻһתĿ˿ؿׯʱؿׯҲд󶨡ھԺͷ֮ǰؿׯҲǴģҲ֪Ծܲ뷮濹⡣Ӹոչȥ˵ײԵȻѾڷ֮ˡ
ôܣôǿһ𾪵ı鿴žԡ
俴˷һۣûǺߡٴѸޱȵչ˽
ʮ֮ǰԵֻɱ䣬ɱ䡣ɱɱ壬Ȼž޴𡣿˵Եÿһɱ䣬ʵһԾ
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ǴĶԱǾԺͷڵǺܽӽġһܴƣɱȷǿö࣬Ĺ켣ɵĲ׽ԾԵĹҪ׽ͺˣԹʮΣܵסξ㲻ˡ
ԵĹϵֱӻзȻļܾͣԹⲻ󣬿ʮأǿֲϵĴҲۼӡӰ쵽ʵӵʱô͸ѵֵסԵĹˡ
տʼʱ򣬷滹ؼ汸ڼʮʱȥûлֵˣֻǿĵֵؽңϵĳۣܶطѾѪҺ͸ϢԽĴأϵĺ飬εδĹ䡣
ܣģܣô̵ʱôǿ治ϵţ벻ͨҲ޷⡣
ԸͲӦֻǲϵĻӽ
ģҲ侲ʶһ⣬ɱȥò˶ãͻᱻɱ棬ɲַķ˼Σͼķ˶ɵĻ⡣
ˣ治òǾԶʵ
ܻǣЩɵۡΪԴҷ˶αû뵽ȻĽʮ֮ǰȣԴ˵ʵֱǵõһ벻ģȴʵۼľ
ѹ־ԴҪеڶαء
Դ̫ˣٶȥǺܿܽҲ˰ɣ
ΣҪˣ֮ǰԼ˵ˣһУκ˶ֶܲսׯׯܽ롣û˽ĻǷ˱ԴɱҲֻʱ˰ɣ
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ǼζϣɫףһΪʲôȴ޷ʳ
ͣס֣
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ĻĿоâ˸
䣿֣ͣ
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2670 ǹ
ԻӦͬʱйΪɫؽΪһӰնڷϡ
мܣԵúܳпʼѪҺ
ס֣ͣĻˣоٽ
סҾס֣ǺûӣЦ
ׯׯˣңԲֻ֣ܻͣׯȡ
ׯʱҲ̵ġ֮ǰôܻҪӽȡ߶ı꣬ׯͶвˣֻΪҪõԲŽѹھԵǿ֤ԱƷʺϴܻ뺮ѻ䶷ԸܻսׯȻܷ档
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ׯˣϾֻһԶѡ֣ҲǴܻΧڵ߰ζü뷮ϵܺã뷮汻ɱ
ζ֮ǰƺҲǶԷųءؿׯ˿ζϵ
ζҲֽⳡԵġׯĻüζˡ
ׯԼζȷʵܺãԷһˡ
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ܺãϡ棬ңǲһԶŷ档
գ辰ҰԴʱˡԲرˣǷʵ̫ˣþԶ䶯ɱġҪһҲ׷Ź
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ңǲǣеؽ˷ϡ
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ϵԴһ´ԼҲٿӡ
ԴԲǺ⡣û취ϣȷʵûԴˡǴܻ࣬ǴҲܲ㡣ֱڴܻׯ԰ǴһԴƺҲ̫ʣⷮϾǴܻׯ԰Ŀˡ
Կֱ߷ǴҪܻǴδôܻҲЩΡ
ˣ棬С㱣סˡջеɫؽԷ˵
лл֣һЩ͵˵
ׯʵǳҵԤϰ˵ʵ֮ǰҲ㲻Ƿ֡ׯʱ򿪿ڣЦŶԾ˵
ׯˡԻӦׯ
ׯ֮ǰƺ˵ԸΪܻս𣿡ׯʵ
ԣҺܻμӴܻ뺮ѻ䶷Եͷ


2671 ֻҪֻԴ
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ܻ೤ԼĳԱһҲЦݡ
涼ǾׯĶ֣Ǿׯܻ󳡣ɹļɻһЩҪ֪ڴܻ䷶ΧڣǿľƷˣׯڷ֮ϡ˵㺮ѻӶһʵ뷮ߣҲܻᡣ
ֵܣ뺮ѻ䶷ҲûʱˣٹǾ͵öڣǾ̸һ̸˴ιӶıꡣׯЦ˵
ΪܻսȻܰװ׳ܻᣬҪӦĳ͡
û⡣Եͷ
ֵܣߣؿׯľԼЦ
ׯؿׯдܻᲿָ߼ϣ뾰һһ֮ڡʱǷѻ뿪˴ܻׯ԰Է˵ܻҲûӼһԶŭҪɱô죿ԣǾ뿪Ϊá
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ֵܣ֮ǰҪľ屨Ҳ֪ġ֪ʲôؿׯʾԡ
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ԵĻׯ˶һԵҪǵ⡣ҪֻԴǴܻȴҪ󳡡һׯ԰˵Ĺ̶ԴȻȵѡ
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ؿׯֵܣһ㱻ǴܻӶ뺮ѻ䶷ӶѵĻǧΣ֣뷮һеؽǴܻ͸ġ
ܻ֮ǰ뷮̸ӶѾǧࡣ˵ܷܻܲܰ󳡣ǧ඼ǱصõıꡣܻԵĻӶҲǧ࣬һؽǾԸոմӴܻõؽ
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ļ㣬ɵĴɱ䣬ӦҲҪǧ鵽ǧࡣ
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ȪԴ磬ҲȪЧߵĶˡУҲǷëǡһǧƿȪֵ൱ֲġԣׯҲû̽˼ֱӾһλˡ
ׯǴܻȪһҲͼʮƿˡһ߼ü˵
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м߼ɫЩ仯ΪһǧƿȪ̫ˡׯׯŸôȪЩ߼ϷҲá
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ĿǰûùȪڴܻʱ䣬Ҳ˵ȪǿԴ˵ֻͷƿȪȪۡ
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ļ죬Ծڴܻׯ԰סɱԼ߰ʱ䣬ؿׯҾԡʱѵóˡ
ؿׯԴӣһȺܻĸ߼Уׯڴܻׯ԰εĿ䶷ȻҪܻׯ԰ׯׯҲͬʱ뿪ׯ԰
¿󳡵λãڴܻ뺮ѻ򽻽ĵط·;ңԶܻᣬ׼һٶȼĳܣׯ԰ϵ¿󳡣ҲҪҵʱ䡣


2672 Ӣŵ
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¹ᣬͷ֮һĸ֣Ͼ㶦̬ƣ¹ᣬһ㡣
ֻܻͷ¹ͷܻһСǳ¹Ǵ۹
ܻׯ԰ǳ¹䷶Χڵһׯ԰
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Ȼܹܵ¹ӢŵߣǼΪ˵õˡǣڶķУҲֻкٵһܹ¹ѡСѡеߣǾͿܱ¹¹ַͨԽԼ䷶Χھžǰ¡
һ㣬޺ܳĵط䣡һӢŵĹԱֳִʣһϻһбߡ
ͱʾϵ߱ˢˡٶʱڣ˲ܱͷ֮һĳ¹
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ڶУ󲿷ֻᱻֱˢһӢŵĵԾǷļ
ӢŵԱÿĹݹȷʵǱȽϵĿǶÿһ鶼ɸѡɫ߲©
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˵Ѱģܲ򵥰ԱߵĹԱЦһ
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ӦòŪڣרص˵˾ԵĽʱ䡣¹̽רŵȥ˴˽С󳡣ȷ˾ĹԱҡҡͷ
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ǰӢŵôãûȼ֮ߡ
˾ֵܣ˵ǴܻģǲǴܻè壿йԱתʵ
ܻߣҪȼǼҪڴܻׯ԰вԡ
ܵģܻһзľƷ飬֪Ƕûӡ󡣡˾ҡͷתĿ˵
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Ҳ˵ʵھƷжʵȽǿġҼǵãϢҲˢȥˡ
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֮ǰ뷮Թڴܻׯ԰ڡⳡԵԭǴܻҪӶһƷ뺮ѻһ¿󳡡˱ԵĽǲ²ģ˾˵
ѵǽһľʤˣйԱ˵۾
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ȷʵǾʤˣ㱻ɱϸ¹ĲŵԻҲҵģ˵̫Եþ߷ǳŭƵ÷¹ġ˾˵
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2673 ѵģ
޴ׯ԰һ㶼ֻԼ䷶ΧļߣرţҲǻǽġ
Խһʱ䣬ﵽ˾Ʒȼڻ˷档ţ綼Ⱥġͷׯ԰˾ԵĴڣǲ취ǲŹ֡
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Ľߣ̫һʱھʹﵽƷĵȼô¼ûԺܾܿ޵ߡ
Ӣŵ¹ׯ԰ܻȥ磬ȼﵽκڵͿ֧ˡӢŵҲǿߣٶȵȻǼ졣ӢŵЩȲҪԣȷǲ޵ߣȫи·

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һε䶷ϵش󡣾ֵܣǴܻɾָˡƾֿԵ
һ߾ȫܻ¿󳡵ĿȨԵ˵ͷ䶷δʼҲҰѻ˵̫ˡ
涼Ǿֵ֣ܶǺѻᣬ̫ܹӶȷǿߡ󳡣ǴܻµĻǳ󡣡һ߼ϱȽֹ۵˵
¿󳡹ģܴ£ܱɼǧ꣬Ҳ˵ƾϵͷ
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2674 
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ҪҪһġԷׯûԹǺѻḺ˴䶷ˣȻˡ
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Ĵɱ䣬ȥҲεȼĲԣӦǺ˳ͨˡ

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2680 ô
ɵۡԺؿׯӴܻׯ԰ȥ¹ׯ԰ѡĸ·ʽҲǳܡ
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ѻϵͷǳĿɹۡΪˣ϶ԺѻᣬҲиĹա
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ɵ۴ԺؿׯûüصԼסϾڵӭͷ߹ˡ
ӢŵͷϺӢŵһ
ϣ׼ȥӢŵٺһЦ
ӢŵϵϿܻԼׯϵˣڰǰ㽫ׯŪׯϸ״ĿԺܵ͡ׯһ״ϵӣǱضԼġ
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2681 ̨£
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۾ӢŵҪӢŵһһ͵ģôӣһʱ䣬ϲ֪ô˵ˡ
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СӣǾƷ߿ڵľԣһָǴȵ
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ҽˣ˲һ¹ׯ԰˿˵ǰкǰ򣿡ǾƷߺȵ
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ⲻԶۼһȺߡǿճ۵ģ糤۵ģ֮µ٣ֻǵĿ
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2682 ״
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ʱ䣬˵ӢŵļΪҪָꡣҲΪʲôһЩղε߶ܻᱻӢŵļ¹ׯ԰ӪȻˣεߣܹļ¹ׯ԰ĿԺܵ͡
ʱۼڸУֻиǳղΣΡΡ
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ǾԣոձӢŵļ¹ׯ԰էʲô֮ϣλǰһԶ˹ֵ
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ԭǾֵܣֵܸյ¹ׯ԰ʲô׵ĵطҲѯǡЦŶԾԵ
ʵڳľˣԾҲĴ⡣ȣӢŵ͹ģ˵ԿεʲôĹϵ˲õıΣϵķΣƷߴǿճۡȻкüƷεߣƷҲٮٮˡ
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СӣҿƤˣΪʶӢŵҾͲҶ㶯֣ƷŭԵĶײǰ档
Ҷ֣ǺǣҵԿм͡Ц˵

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ϣ֪ʵѻׯȻӢŵ£Ƕׯ԰䶷鲢ûἰֻ˵ׯ԰󳡷ȺսӢŵͳֽش


2683 ˽¼
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ׯҿǽоԵҲûʲôرĵطҸ˵ε˴ܻľ޶ԴŽǾСġϺһ
븱ׯ£ٴιͬʱ֡
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εӢŵĹǳ¹ׯ԰ҪԣǺġ¹ᣬ㣬ŽӢŵϜׯ˵š
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ׯҵȥɵۿϜׯ
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ˣ
ׯˣǾεһȥɣϿϜׯ˵
Ȼ֪ǾСӴĻö˵ˡǾСӣ϶סڹȥñϜׯۿ
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εȥӦûɣϜׯɵۡ
ɵۻ˵ʲôԷǸׯݰ


2684 ڵ
ɵ۱ǴűϜׯϣǰӢŵ˾ס
Ӣŵߣܻܳʱ䶼¹᳤ļǻһֱסƬҪ˵ǣǲļõĴҲǷǳĽġ¹ׯ԰ΪṩԴǿȼ
εʱ䣬ܲ˵˵ΪҪǰܻׯ԰оԵߣбۣɵʡ
֪Դ㵣Ӣŵ㻹δȥߡϼ˵
ǰûȥΪûг㹻ǿšɵ˵
ʵɵȥܻԣΪ˷ϹھԵĽܣһʱ䣬оƷʵⲻӦԭסϳ֡ʱͻɾԿԻԪ򡣶Ժ󣬾͸ΪϲˣԲԻԪ򣬻Ļ硣
ȻЩϢˡ
¹ĸ߲㣬ɵԻԪǲ֪ġ
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ܺãһǵҪߵжţʾжߣεȥϵȻǲžԵжôǿ󣬴ܻׯ԰ڳ¹Ӱĵׯ԰Ҳͨͨһͷׯ԰жྪ˵Ž
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򡭡Ŵ϶ĻӦԡ
ʱڵóӶҪˡڰԼû£ΪʲôҪԵ鷳
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ԡԴˣҡûָʹҰ
ԴˣһҪңûָʹҡ̬ȣѾˣƾΪˡ
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ûָʹĻԵ޹ʵҷţңҡҡͷ
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ðɣˡûڱָʹĻҸҵ鷳ҸˡӣĻڳ߶
žһƣ˦ϣǸղŵǰ
޳
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ôҴˣҸô򡣾ԴˣҰɡѾȫû뾰ԽϾ˼ˡ
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ʱ˿̣ڸߣһԼ˫Ŀųеľ޷
ھԺҪʱлв˵ľԡƷǿճۣȴǾƷεߡһɻܳԿûзɵ涯ֺǲŷԼ뷨شǾߣʵֱǿ÷˼Ʒεжûסͱݺݵ˵ϣȻ޷վˡ
˵ʵ࣬ȻǷǳ
һΣӢŵ֪һֲļһﰡ
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Ҫ˵Ҳܹ־֣ʵ̫һЩԭԼںúôţֱӾ߿˾ֵķţ辰֡
˵һ㶼ûֶûֱӳֳ֡󣬻ͿǴкءȴּ辰֣þֶŭˡ
ܵǣع󣬷׷׵˵


2685 
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˵ߣǱǰȺסģҲ޷ֱӿľ
εţᱻɣ˵ʵɲѾǾƷˣ̨϶׼ļ˰ɡ
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˲֪Եʵɵۿ֪ġľԳԿԴ
Χһʲôɵ۵ͺһ䡣
Ⱥɵ۵ʶתĿǼǾԵˣæҵÿ·
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˵ϜݣǵһôԺĴ¼λׯ԰ĸ߲
Ⱥÿľͱɵ˿ˡ
ҾԣľûĶô򣡡һ˦ϡ
ǿˣϴҪϴ˻Ǳۿڣ鶼ӿˡ
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ƺúܲңȻ֮ǣɵ۵ĵҲȫʧˡֻҪһоû⡣֮ĦУʲô£
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ˣҲ۸κˣ̫ɶˡ㿴ҵķţ߻ˡָָԼסᡣ
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֮ǰѾϣɵΨһʶģȻǱϜׯˡ
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ţţϜׯɫŹֵĵ˵ͷҲǻġ
Щ߲֪ϜʲôӢŵ֪뿴ԾʲôʵĵطӢŵȥܻׯ԰Ӣŵǲ˴ܻׯ԰ĺôŻԡڣԼǶˡ
ˣݺݵĵһۡ
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Ϊ˱ԼϜׯġɵۣɲƮƮľͲˣøϼӰѻúǼԡ
ϵϼ⣬ڶĹͷƺΪѪӿȾһɫ
һᣬŹŲ˵ڿԵʵȷʵǿӢŵߣɲʵ
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촽˵ˡ
ȷʵܲεһΣȷʵһ˲õšţȥһˣҲȫӦõġԱׯ԰֣Ҳһٶ֦ġϜׯ˵ͷ˵
ׯ˵üǣɵ۵ͷ
ͨɵ˵ĶԻڳ߾ͶˡţǻɻΪϜׯ϶ˣεӢŵﴦ˽¼ܽͣɸׯͳʲôˣԭУ顣ϣƺǶӢŵЩ⣬֤һ¾ԵʵȼǣǡþͿ˾ѹӡ
ϻжôΡ
εǾûʲôˣȻȥϜׯֶɵ˵ǲˣڳ¹ׯ԰ôã£Ϊεһ¡
Ϝׯתȥûڶ࿴һۡ
εҲˣǣϺ޲طȥ


2686 
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ƷεʣʱգҲ׵һͷȻƲأԾƷĻָҲͻָˡ
Ҳžûʱ뿪תԼܵ˺ܲܲ뿪¹ׯ԰ɣˣԺô죿
תǼŰɣѾûˡʱӢŵҲܲžԼɣ
ˣϜׯһأɵۡ
ϜׯģΪʲôӦ֪ɣɵЦЦ˵
ǺǣΪͻƿڣ㰡ʧˡҲЦЦ˵
˵ԣһ´ڳ¹ׯ԰ɾҪˡҲ׼һ£ĻӦúܿͻλϵӢŵļ㡣ɵ˵
סԵ˵ͷ
۸ˡɵ֮ǰһͷԴЦŲһ䡣
ԾԵսƬ˾סӦûжֵġⲻ˵ھƷоûж֣һʵﵽһ̶ȾͻᱻļˡҲӦͻᱻļߵġ
ɵҲ뿪󣬾Զ֡
æ߽ž¶һѿЦ˵ԴˣԸ
ҾȷŹ㡣סˣԺ˹Ҳ۸۸ˣҾһ㡣Ե
ǣǣˣһ۸κˡͷ
λɢ˰ɣֿܵȺ
ȺӢŵӸߣʱһɢ

˵ûУӢŵһˣһоԵߡ¹һλϣһ˵
Ȼ˵ˡǳϵͷ֣һοǰʯͷԼĽˡԺӢŵǰǺ̧ͷˡ
˭˵ǡǽоԵ߻ЩƷǰȻûʲôм֮ڵվʵھƷǷǳǿ˰ɣȿ˵ĳϣ΢΢˵
ļԣǳϿϡ
뷨ƺ뷨ĳϲ١Ҳ֪ελļԡǵͷҡҡͷ˵
ڸɫߣȻļԼ¡ԣҲʹ˾
һε֪ˣ˵
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ϵͱţ߳Ҫһ
ţ߳ɵۣȻҲΪļ¡
ɵһᣬ˵µεΪ£ӦҲµˡ
ţ߳ϣļߵ°ɣɵЦʵ
û˵ԣεǰܻׯ԰š֮ǰ⾰߻дһ£ƺȫѹӡţ߳ϵͷ
ԣǱļ£ӦǱȽϺʵġеԴλӦġԵ㹻ãҵ£ò˶ãܿȼҲˡţ߳ϼ˵
˵ģʵյԴûλȡ
ţ߳˵֮ɵû̸ӦɵۣƬ̡
֮Ż˵ţ߳ϣļߣȻûжԾԣȴЩһţ߳ϣҲӦ֪ߣҪļλϲһɵۻ˵
ţ߳ϣüͷ
ε˼ǣţ߶ɵۣΪɵҪõô
ʵϣɵȷʵҪôǸԼҪôΪ˾Ҫôţ߳пɶõԴȷʵ࣬ЩԴھԵϣԴٶ࣬Ծ˵Ҳû塣


2687 Ժ
ɵۣûﾰŪĺô
ʹõԴٶ࣬ʹãǶԾ˵áɵۣҪļԵĳһŵ
ţ߳ϣû˼ֻϣ֪ļ˾ԣܸԶԴɵЦ˵
εĪǵľҵ£һ㣿ţ߳ɫ˼֡
ţ߳ˣʵļԵĳ̫ˣҲϣܰﾰԽһΪʵĳ¡ɵ۵

ε⻰̫û˼ˡΪļһˣĪǻҪ㲻ɣţ߳Ǳֳŭ⡣
ţ߳ϣû˼Ҳ֪ȥܻׯ԰¹ġҶģǿ϶ġţܹ߳ŵʮھһƿȪҾͿֱͬþ¡ɵ˵
ţ߳϶ŭŭɵ۲ں
һƿȪ
εҿǷˡȻ㲻ǾԱļͽӢŵɣţ߳з쭵ļˡ
û˵꣬վ͵Ļ˻䣬תߡ
һƿȪЦҲε˵óڡ
ţ߳˦뿪ɵЦݡ
һƿȪȷʵǺܾ˵ˡ¹ľƷߣǱļ£һһҲܵõʮƿȪһЩԴɵۣҪţ߳ʮΪṩһƿȪƽһһǧƿȪЩˡ
ɵۿһһǧƿȪࡣΪɵ۾ãԲ̫ʱܿҲΡҲεߣڳ¹һøƿȪжѡ
ţ߳Ϸ߶ȥȻûԿһھܴﵽҲΡйͷҶԾһЩĵĻǾͲ˦뿪ˡ
ţ߳ӢŵԱŸϢҲǿٴˡϢģɵۣţ߳ϱˡһЩ֪ţ߳ȥӢŵεļԣţ߳뿪Ӣŵ󣬵Ȼͻгѯţ߳ϽչΡ
ţ߳ϣǷǳŭĵһƷ飬εҪҳŵʮڸǾһƿȪǿЦ
һƿȪֱӾͽԾĳϸˡһЩҲȥӢŵεĳϣֱӾͷͷ
һƿһǧƿܿǿǡ
εƴˣ
ֱʨӴ󿪿ڰ
˭˵ǣ˵ﾰҪĳŵʲôôԱļӢŵûʲôϵˣΪҪأ
ٺ٣˵Ǿ԰ʲôЭأ˵˵ԵõԴһȫǱԼʹõģ
УҲıߵģ˾þԻὫȪ͸ε

ϴˣҪȥε𣿡
ڳ¹ׯ԰һլԺ֮УһѾҲεߣһŮԳü˵
λŮԳϣֽ÷ͬǳ¹ׯ԰λϡ÷ϳΪλϵʱԶһЩµû취λȡ
ҲǺ飬ǾӪԼǴ޵У׳ġ
εҪļԵĳϳŵʮڸһƿȪʹáϴˣǡǵԴ޷λȰǸһƿȪ˵ԴɾҪ׽ˡЩΡ
ȼһε̨Ҫĳŵԭġ÷ϳŵ
÷ϣȻȥӢŵ
÷ϣӭɵĴк
ε÷Ҳ
º÷Ͽżɽεţ߳˵ģӦİɣ
÷ɵۡ
һƿȪȷʵˡɵ۵ͷ
εѵͲȥûгϻļĻԿɾҪһֱӢŵˡ÷˵
޷ģһֱӢŵҲǿԵġҲ⣬óԼԴʹɵЦŻش÷ϵ⡣
ԵϣдӴܻõһǧƿȪͣЩȪҲһʱˡڣɵ۲ʲôѹ˵ԼԴʹãҲû⡣ڻԪ򣬾Ծ͵Ĵߣһ̶ϣʦͽĹϵҪܡ
εֻһ⡣÷ϱ
εΪڶ೤ʱܴﵽҲΣ÷˫Ŀɵ۵۾
÷ϣ⣬޷֤ġԸ㣬Եʣе⡣ֻڣҿ˵ЩԴĳϷļ˾ԵĻᣬԺڰɡɵҲɫĻӦ


2688 ޴ľ
÷Ӣŵɵۣ⶯Ҫļԡ
Ϊһ½λϣ÷ϵĵ޷λȡ˵䲻ģ÷ǰͨӢŵļţ϶ʣµһЩӢŵһȺţ¡
ܼ򵥡
˵һǳɫţͬʱ÷Ϻţ߳ϿеĻ÷ϳɹļĿԾ΢΢ļţҲѡţ߳ϵ¡
Ӣŵ˾ԣλ϶ԾԸȤӢŵȴЩϴùġ£Ż÷ϵĻᡣԣȻӢŵ˷ǳԽܵ÷˼ǺӢŵˡ
ɵ۶Ծ֮ߵۣ÷ϵ˼ҲǽĻ
εԾԾôģ÷һ˫ĿУ˸
ʵǵ˵Ϊ׿šɵۺȻľ˵仰
ʵϣǰԪ򣬾Ե̣ҲҲ֮ȵˡȻˣڻԪоԵҲĥѣܹɳҲкܶĻԵɺ档
εô˵Ҿ;ˣʽε㣬ļߵ÷÷У˾
ã֪ͨߣھӢŵһ÷ȥɵ۵ͷ
ɵۿԽ÷Ҳȣ÷ϻʮڣٸʹһƿȪΣ÷ܶõԴȻȲλϣ޷ţߵȼǿƳȣΪ÷ҲһЩԾԺ׾ܵõ÷ϵصࡣ
ӢŵһԱȥ˾סڽеĴɱľԽ˹
ҲǰµˣӦг׼ļˡ
ԣλǳ¹λ÷Դɵ۾ͶԾ֣һ÷ϵݡ
ϴˡԶ÷Ϲ˹ּ
ܺãСѣεۿǷǳǳߵġ÷΢Цž˵
ЦЦ
ԣ÷׼ļ㣬ԴǷʲôɵʾԡ
ûл÷ϴ˶ҵļ˳˵
ţСѣļɲףεΪļһǳߵ¹ϣεõˡεΪ˸·Ҳǲϧ˺ܶ˰÷˵
˵Ķ£ҾԴҲΪˡЩпĵ
˵ģɲɵΪԼ飬ҪĻ˵ԪǱߡԵĻûпţɵ۶Ķ飬ȷʵǺѻرˡ
ǺǡɵҲ֪ʲô˼ЦЦ
εҾ͸ˡСѣһ߰ɡ÷Ƕɵ۸ǣֶԾ˵
ԣ÷峤£ɲҪиԼУ𹼸÷϶ءɵ۶ԡ
ǣһŬӦ
ˣԱǽ÷£ΪеһԱ
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ǸԱ÷ļˡ
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÷ϣӦʮһƿȪ÷Ϻô
ҿ÷ͷ֪ԼḶĴҡ
÷̫һɼˣһΣҲǴƴһѡ
̫ˣΪһ޴ľڵġǺǣһׯ԰λѡУͼ÷ϵλ֮ˡ
¹ĳǣ÷̫ðˡ÷ʹõԴͱȽ٣ΪһʮھҪóһƿȪ£һԵûﵽԤڣߵҲܵӰ£һλѡܾܿͻλϵλϡ
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޴ôճʮóһƿȪרһߣߵԴαϣţ߳˵Ա÷ļ󣬲м˵
뿿һδ뷨δҲ̫һЩʹʱ򡣡ţ߳ϣȻǷǳԱ÷ļ
жӢŵεԹ뿴ûκļԡ


2689 Ĵɱ
÷ļ£˵ֻĳϲ١
һλλϣҲ˽³Ц÷ϼġһЩΪ÷ԼԼڿӣԼݽȥ
÷Ϲϵģרȥ÷ϣȰ˵÷þԻӢŵȥҪһƿȪðաȻ÷ϵľĲΪЩ˵Ȱ˵Ͷҡ
ĸ÷һŲֻ֪
ʱ䣬Ҳܵ÷³Ա÷³ԱһЩС͵ľۻᣬľۻᣬܶʱ򶼲뾰Բμӡ뾰ԵģھۻϾҲԵЩΣΪ˶ǽúܻȣȴûʲôԽ
һ״Ҳס
ɵۣҪ÷ΪԼʮṩһƿȪ÷µڶߣҲǸеʹ졣ʵҲܹ÷µߣϾԵԴ̫ˣǵõԾͻٺܶˡ
÷ļߣȻ඼λʣµģɱϾҲӢŵߣ÷ҲϾλݡ㹻ߣҲѽ÷ϵСˣȺţκһнϸ߰ġ
ƾʲôҶʺܸߵţ㾰ܵõźĴ
˵ˣ߶ԾԵʲкܶҲΪԼͱȾԲһ־Ʒεߣ˵ԼȾԸͨҵȼĲԡ
Բμ˼С;ۻҲͲٲμˡ룬ҲԱչΪѡһȷʵҪץʱȥμЩۻζãһƨɵ˼
ʱҲεǿߣܱķ̼䡣
ȻˣԾֱӲμˡ
תۣԾѾ÷£¶ʱ䡣
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Ĵɱ䣬ˡ
¹ׯ԰֮ǰԾһֱڽĴɱˡɵۣӴܻׯ԰¹ׯ԰ʱ򣬾ԵʵͱȽϽӽɵĴɱˡ¹ׯ԰£ڳȪ֮£ĴɱɣҲˮɵ顣
룡һ
е糱ˮһӿԿռ䡣ǿںܶݵʱͱƽ䵽һӿռ֮ڡйеȫӿռ֮󣬸ӿռûѹ˵ڵĸӿռ䣬ܼ
ãܺãԶԴˣǳ⡣
ڵǿԽеȫӳڻԪǾڵս磬ҲͼҲˡ
еӿռļ̡ȶڸӿռȻȫ˹еԼĬĬת
ʹȪһøӿռӯóһƿȪ
պ󣬾ԾøӿռѾϳӯˣЩʹã̶ȵͷųʱֹͣ
ôȥ÷ϣҲεĲ԰ɡ΢΢
ס÷ϾסıԺ
ֵܣʲô÷ϱԺΪԺ󣬿ʵ
ͬ÷ߡһ㶼ֳ¹ֱƿصĿ󳡽ߣͨʵ㹻ǿյԽ¹ׯ԰Ӫߣһ㶼ǱȲӢŵš
£ϴˡԶ˹֡
ҲεߣܸоǳֵܣдеľС
ŰɣȥԾԵĮ˵һ䣬Ժ÷ϡ
÷֪ҪȻ᲻뾰Խȥ
ֵܲҪȪԴİɣھԽԺʱ䲻һ䡣
üһ۵ǡ
Խ÷º÷ѾһȪƿôһȪ֪Ľۺ졣һ˵ͼҲεߣһҲͲƿȪĹ
ϴˡԼ÷Ϻ󣬹
Сѣʲô𣿡÷΢Цʾԡ
ʵ÷ϣģҲΪҪȪġ
ϴˣҲεĵȼԡ÷ϣͳ˵
ʲʲô÷Ŀʱһ
Ҳεĵȼԣ÷϶׼ȾԿҪȪɾ˵ĻȫԲҪȪҪҵȼԣ


2690 ҵȼ
Ӣŵļ£ŹȥµʱѡԣҪҵȼԣ
ϴˣҵȼĲԡԽظһ顣
㡭ȷ÷վŵžԵԣ֪ҵȼԵѶȣҲΣǺܴġԣһΣյġ
ϵУȼԴӻοʼΣˡߣпڲ֮еġ
ҾãӦǿͨԵġᶨϴˣѶȣҲ֪ġûһգҲҵȼԡ
Զ˵ˣ÷ϻ˵ʲô
ȻϣԾĴﵽҵȼ
ԭ÷Ǿþʮڴﵽҵȼˡ
ҲεߣȷʵǿߡЩͷׯ԰һҲͼҲߣܻᡢѻȵȶˡ
ҲεߣǾ²ġ
ӢŵߣǶǱȽģǽʱ䲻㳤ġ߽¹ׯ԰ڱȽ϶̵ʱھʹﵽҵȼǰ;ɾͷǳˣϣﵽƷҲεġ
ãڣȥׯ÷ϵͷ
ǳ¹ׯ԰ĸׯ֮һ¹ׯ԰һλׯׯҪĹҵȼԡһҲԣׯ֡
¹ׯ԰ҪҲΣҪ¹ӪеȼԣͲܴҳۡؿׯˣǶڳ¹ׯ԰ɵҵȼԡ
¹ׯ԰ĳϣλλλϣɰׯԡһ£ׯֱ

÷ϣ𣿡ׯ÷Ϻ󣬿ʵ
Ҳ֪÷ļ˾ԡ޹أļʲôˣǶǳԼȨûԣԾҲûкö
ׯһҲԡ÷˵
Եġׯˬĵ
óһöƵݸ÷ϡƣҲԵƾ֤÷ֳƣͿɿҵȼԵ̫̫طר߽ҲԵģƽʱǹرյ״̬
ӹ̫ƣ÷׼ǡ
ʱׯһ䣺÷ϣµҪҲԣ
ׯҲһ䣬ܶʱ⡣
ǵģǾԣǰҲŴӢŵļСӡ÷ЦЦ¶˵
ԣׯ΢΢һ㶡
ׯӦԣһʱ䣬ׯ԰ںܶ˶˵һ޴ľ÷Ц˵
г˵޴г˵ڣҲ˵´ѡλʱְͻ䵽λϡЩ÷϶ЩǲҲҲȫں
֪ġ֪ε¹ż°ɣôʱ䣬ܽҲˣׯ΢΢ü
СֵһİգҴԿ÷峤ϵ
˼еⰡ÷ϣ㽫̫ƸңβԿ̫ҲȥСӵĲԹ̡ׯ˵ͷֶ÷˵
á÷϶Դˣ޾òף磬ҴԵ̫ǰȸׯ㡣
÷ׯ뿪
÷ȥׯҲǱ˿ˡׯׯ԰ڻϾ͸̫ȥϣһ㶼Ϊҵȼԡ÷ϼׯΪʱׯ԰ںܶע
һЩϣʼ̽Ϣ
Ϝׯ˵󣬶ȥׯѯ÷˵ԭ򡣱ϜׯǰһʱһȽ϶飬ҲΪԣԱ÷ļ֮÷ϵĶ̬Ҳע˼֡
ׯھԼҵȼ£ûϜׯֱӾ͸˱Ϝׯ¡¾ʹӱϜׯдȥˡ
һʱ䣬¹ׯ԰Ƿ
˵÷ļ߾ԣҪҵȼˡ
ôܣ¹ׯ԰ãҪҲԣ
ܲͨԣҪвǿ϶ģׯԸ߱Ϝׯġ
Ƿ񡣡

֪ߵغΪҲô״ﵽ¹¾ͽҲԣߣװ˷̫ţ߳˵
ԣĳɹˣǿɡг˵
ûǲܵ顣УҪۿǸʲôߣ÷ϣҲԽԽëˡţ߳ϵˣҪѹһѹ÷ˡ


2691 ǰע
¹ׯ԰̫
һͨΪǳɫԲΡ
ظոս٣̫һ⣬Ǿۼ˴¹ׯ԰ߡƽʱ̫û߾ۼģط˶١죬̫ȴǼ֡
Ϊڽ죬÷λµľߣҪ̫ҵȼԡԵĵȼԣ¹ׯ԰ߵĹעǰ߲μҲεȼʱҲһȽϴ飬ɾԲ˶ۿ
ԱӢŵ¹ׯ԰µʱ䡣÷ļ£Ҳ¶һʱ䡣÷Ϊ˽ļ£ӦӢŵķǳ̵ʮҪʹһƿȪ£ʹ˳¹ׯ԰
ΪЩȽ¼֯һ𣬲þԽĵȼԵõ˿ǰĹע
ǣ۷׷ס
÷µһȺߣҲ˺ܶࡣǣͬǱȺΧϵ˶ѯʣôҵȼԵģǷþܹҵȼ
ڹһЩʱ÷ϱǴžҲ̫֮⡣
ôˣԿ鲼̫ܵһشȺü
ʵҲԤУ֪ԼĵȼԿ϶в˹ֹۿҲû뵽ô˵
ٳϼˡԣǹġ÷Ťͷ˿ȺֿЦЦ˵
뿴Цɡҡҡͷ
ԣǲʧܵĻҲҪġЦģɲ㾰ԡ÷˵
ϷģҾⲻ󡣡ҲЦЦ
ѾɵĴɱ䣬ս൱ڡʵҵȼ޷Ǿ̫ˡ
÷ˡ
Ǹˣ÷ϴߵģƷǿճ۵ļһ
治֪˭ţǺǡ
ǣҲע⵽˾Ժ÷߽
һЩϣ÷ϴк÷ϲӦš
ԣһĵȼԣׯ֡ڣׯ̫÷ϳŶݵļ϶Ծ˵
ţסԵ˵ͷ
÷ϣϲϲţ߳˹۾÷ϵ
ţ߳ϣͬϲͬϲ÷Ҳ˵
ţ߳һԵλǾ԰ɣҳ¹ׯ԰µʱ䣬ҪҲεĵȼԡ÷ϵɱЩϼһǿˡЩϼһû÷
ţ߳ҵģȻֵļСء÷Ц
÷ϵȻ֪ţ߳ʲôҲûҪȥ˵ơңղˡ
ǳμţ߳ϣ֮ǰ˵ţ߳ϡԭţ߳ҲļԵµģΪɵ޷ܣ˶Լļ
ͷҲûʲôֻţ߳ϣȴǹ˵һЩڮԼĻþԶţ߳ϣûʲôӡ
ׯˡʱȺд
ׯԶ˹ׯ̫ۼ˶ߣƺҲЩãü
ԣȥׯ÷϶ԾԵ
ǣԵͷ
ׯĲԶ
ǾСѰɣׯȿڣž˵
Լׯˡׯ
ţض񡣾ԣνеȼԣŪĶЩʧܵĻǿ»к̵ܶԴҪ׼ҲεĵȼѶȺܴ߲ʧһҲ޷ġׯ˵
ׯڿοԣ˼ǣʧܱ˳ЦҲûʲôҪǿ󣬲ҪЩӰ쵽Ժ
лׯˣס̾ׯ˼
׼ˣׯʡ
׼ˣʱԿʼԡԵ
ãھͿ̫㲻̫˹ۿĽȼԣҿ˽̫ׯ˵һ䡣
Զ˶١
֮˵ׯˣûǸҪ뿴ǽȥˡ
ԵȻ֮кܶ뿴ԼЦ𣿲кܶˣԼ÷ϵûϵǶۿԼͨҲεȼԵġʱ򣬿ǻܲЦó
ׯ˵ͷߵ̫ʯ֮ǰóһö̫ƣǶ뵽ʯŵĿСȫǶʯţһĺ촫ţʯŻƶ


2692 
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ׯ԰λϡλϺλϵȵȸ߲Ա̫ǳ¹ׯ԰ڶߡ̫ڲռӴ󣬱ǳ¹ׯ԰Ӫ߶Ҳʢ¡
̫ģһս̨ս̨߽ҲεȼԵڡһᣬԾͻս̨Ͻҵȼԡ
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СѣھͿԽս̨ˡׯָһս̨Ծ˵
áӦս̨ȥ֮䣬Ǵս̨ϡ
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޼ǳСע⡣ׯ
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ׯ֮ս̨λãȥĵطĦܿ죬ԾͿһӴӰӴ汻̧
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СѣڼʱʼֻҪս̨ϼְʱʱ䣬ͨҵȼĲԡׯ˵
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ε÷ϣǶԾʮ㰡ţ߳ϲΪȻ
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飡ؽڹ޵ǰצϡ
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ˣžڸӿռڴӿͨؽһ


2693 ɱ
žڵӿӴ嶶ԡ
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ЦЦתĿׯ
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2694 
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Եı֣ԤϡԭԾܷͨҲεȼԶûʮģڿԵսԶһƷߵġ
һƷ빾ɱʱ빾޻йأڳ־ϣһ㶼ȲϹ޵˵һƷ빾޵Ķսɱһ̶Ⱥ󣬻϶Ҫߡ
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ļ˾ԣ׬ˡҲ֮ǰһء
εлл÷ϵɵ۵
лʲôļԣ÷ԼľɵҲ÷ЦЦ˵

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˵ʵԵıҲǳԤϡоԾڽƷңӦҲ̫ѡпͨƷҵĲԡ
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ѳ½뿪̫̫еҲԣ߶۽硣ԭߣܹɵľͨҵȼԡ
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룬ţ߳µһߣΪɫһţ߳ļȥʮʱͳɹͨҵȼԣңǱǺܴģҲţ߳ӡ


2695 Ը
֮ǰҲ̫ۿԽҵȼԵġ
̫֮⣬ȾԴ̫󣬵ô˵˵Ҫ뾰ԱԡԣžôǿʵȻׯѾ͵úԾɲžԵʵǿη䡣
УԾΪͨһЩֶβ˵ġпܣׯ԰߲ʲôֱڰа˾ԵҵȼԽ֡˵εϵܲһ㡣
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ҾãߵʵӦĺǿҪȻӦòӦԡûҪӦԡ

¹ׯ԰ߣ۷׷ףǵĿ⣬ųеˡ
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2696 һ
ԵؽɱʱŲִٵ̧صֵ
ΪԼܵסԵһԼġ
ǣؽɱĹУٶȶȻһءصûסؽؽֱӾϡҲߣѾǾߴεɱ䣬Ƿǳǿġؽϣǵ˳ȥ
ΪԵĹ¶ϵģ뵹û׷̫Զľ롣ˤڵϣֻȥһξ롣ĵ棬ʯһĺۼ
ôᣬôôǿѪȫ΢΢顣
壬ȥûʲôƣԼԵһʵѾ˵ǱмΣҪվˡ
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ߣΣȻ
ȻԵȷʵǿƺҪǿӡٶȣҲǿù죬оһԼǿסģȴûס
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ﬣһ޴Ľײ
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УһЩ̾
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ҲΣǱȽѴﵽġ¹ҲҪ̵ʱ䣬ŻһµҲߡЩӢŵߣﵽҵȼ׵飬˵ͨһЩˡ߼ҲΣҪﵽ͸ˡ
ڳ¹ׯ԰һﵽ߼ҵȼôǿֱӳΪְġƷңǸ߼ҡ
̫ߣǽɢȥˡǣھԵۣȻׯ԰ڳܳһʱ䡣
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Ե壬ɱӦþͽӽ߼Ҳˡɱ󣬾ԵսǾǻԪе۷Ρ


2697 ȪȪ
ھԵԴԱȽϳ㣬ʱҲҪΪ׬ȡȪƷķ£ȻҪļɱ
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֮ǰԻܵ룬Ҳߴɱ̶ȡ
ĿǰֻĴɱ䣬ץʱ䡣
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ϴˣ֪ʲô飿תĿʵ
÷Ͽ˿ɵۡ
ɵۿ˵ԣ֪ǳ¹ׯ԰һȪȪۡǳ¹ȪȫȪۡ
֪Եͷ
Խ¹ׯ԰ʱȻܳǶԳ¹ȪȪ۵Ȼ֪ģǳ¹ׯ԰ĺƷ磬ͷׯ԰ڣһȪȪۡȪȪۣҲǱ֤ͷλĸ¹ȪׯգλׯӰȪɼ


2698 
ڣﵽҲεߣȫԵͶһЩԴǽͻǳǳҲεߣҪǿȪԴʵ
ʵϣε߶ȪԵˡЩͷׯ԰취ͷׯ԰ڻȡȪǵĻȡʽһԴн֮ǰܻ¹һǧƿȪ֧Եı꣬Դֿ۵ķʽ黹
˵һСһׯ԰һֱѳһȪȪۣҲѸٵĳɳΪͷϧǣֻȪֱͷѳ֡ͷׯ԰ûκλܹռȪȪۡ
ʱɵۺ÷ϣ֪ΪͻȻȪȪۡ
ԣ֪Ȫۣȴ֪ܲȪΪһֱԴԴϵĳȪɵЦЦ
һҲǣȪⶫӦҲơκοֻҪһֱɣбɹһ졣ȪȪۣѵɺԵ
ͷׯ԰ǿǴ絮ʹڵġǾͰѳȪȪۣһֱɼȪΪȪȪۻԴԴϵΪͷṩȪԴأ
ʵȪ۲ҪġҪĶеȪԴԴϵĳȪΪµȥֻҪͨˮһˮܱȪɵۼԾ˵
Իǵһ˵ⶫ
û취ӻԪʱϾȽ϶̣δ˵Ҳ
ԣȪȪ۱ûġʱţ㿪ʼʱҲûˣ˵ʧȥЧȪڵЧǺڲϷȥġɵ۵ͷ
磬һڣûΪ֮ءͷׯ԰õطɵ۶һ˵
֮غ⣬ٶȱȽϻԣɼ͵йءſ˲ɼǺǡٶҲᱻɵһɶɵǡ
ʱ򣬾Ѿ˲١
֮أǱͷׯ԰ƣˣ޷룿Կڵ
û˵ĺȷ֮أׯ԰⣬κ˶ȥׯ԰Ĺʶׯ԰Ҫ֮أҲġ֮صڣҪׯ԰ׯͬ⣬ܱκһ˲ͬ⣬ǳ֮ؾ޷ɵٴεͷ˵
֮صҪ򿪣ҪԿסԿףֱλׯϡ÷ϲһ䡣
Щɻɵۺ÷ϣԼ˵Щʲô
֮ǰλׯٴο֮أɼɵƺԵɻЦһ¼ɼ׵顣֮زһΪֲޡǵʵҲǴﵽҲΡǿģɱƷҲߡ
ׯ԰֮ͬصĿׯ԰֮䣬ȻҲھĹϵÿһׯ԰ϣԼܵõȻΪ˲Ӱɼĳֲܺ޽Ƶׯ԰߽֮زɼԣׯ԰ÿγ֮ؿÿһɳ߽Сׯ԰ֱ
ϵƣһĹ򡣾ǣκһߣһֻܽһγ֮ءʵǿֻܽһγ֮ءɵһ
˵ׯ԰ׯһҲֻܽһγ֮ء֮ж֪ٴˣׯ԰ׯȻں֮ǰͽȥˡׯ԰ЩǿĳϣӦҲˡ
ˡϴˣǶλҲ֮˰ɣ̧Ŀʡ
ԣǺ֮ǰͽˡɵۺ÷ͬʱ˵
Ƕλ˽ҽר˵£Īγ¹Уһʡ
¹ׯ԰ȡһѡԣǾƷҲΣǵõһѡƷҲΣõ̫ˡׯׯǣ¸ῼ֮ءɵҡҡͷ
üˣȻǶ˵Щʲô˼
ɵûᾰԵ񣬼˵֮ܽأԼҲǻõġˮˮȪ̷ֱĻ
ԣʱɵ۵˼ֱӳԵЧԲö֪ûùɲЧԲȪԱġ
֮ǰԶԽ벻֮ػΪȻʱ˼һӾͻ


2699 ǿ
ܵõһôͿԾɵɱ䡢ߴɱ䡣
֮ȻǾܳʱŻῪһΣλᣬҪϺܾúܾá
λ˽ҹרŶ֮ءǲǿΪһлõ֮ص˼άתʵ
ȻղɵѾ˵ˣԲƷҵȼ¹ׯ԰ׯ͸ׯ̫ͬһ֮صǣȻɵۺ÷ϽԼй˵£ӦþԻл˼ȫûᣬɵۺ÷϶Լ˵Щʲô壿
ɵ÷϶һۣЦЦ
ԣ˵û÷ȫȡĻǿһġɵ۵˵ͷ˵ȻֻһĻܵõϣȻã
ɵ۵˼ܼ򵥡
÷ˣְﾰԵĻׯ԰߲šׯˣὫҲ뵽ѡ֮Сûɵۺ÷ϰﾰԣԾƷҲεĵȼǲܽѡ֮еģ˵˿ϣûС
ԣ㣬Ƿϣ֮أɵۻһת
Լ֮أ÷ȻͲҪ¡ң֮ڣϾǼΪյĻ߽УǾƷҲΣҲ
ﾰȡҲÿԼ˼ǾԼġ
Һ֮ءصͷ
֮أܵõġûĺôԿܲԽ֮ʲôȤȻջþԲҪ࿼ǳ֮صա
ãǽǾ˵˵ΰõ֮İ취ɵ۵
ׯ԰ֿ˳֮ءԳ֮صĽʱ䡢ԱͷоԵĻȨ磬һЩǿߣ絮ʱʹڵĹߡǣŷǳǿʵɵۿžԡ
ׯ԰˳֮أеׯ԰Ҳ޷Զʳһ֣Ҫó֣ǿߵġЩǿߣͬʱҲǹ֤ݡׯ԰κһׯ԰и֤γԤģǶ⡣
֤Уһλж񺣵ǿߣλǳ¹ׯ԰ׯϵĪ档ǰׯǰĻǷ൱ˡׯͬһ֮صɵ˵
ǿߴڣһ㾰Եǲ⡣ϸԪͻʱΨһĶ磬еǿ߿϶ֻЩǿߣҲܶׯ԰ڡǿУһЩˣʵͷׯ԰ׯ֮¡
ɵ˵Ķ񺣣֮һ
Ҳɵ۵˼
ˣλǰӦòԵ޹ʵİҰɣüʵ
֣Զǵһ˵˼ңƾʲôԼȡ֮ص
ţһҽҪ˵ġ
ǰһЩǷһ顣ԾԣϣԼһǰ˵㡣ɵ۵
һ
ɵۣǴԼڶ飬ȡ񺣵İˡɵ˵һ飬ԿɲôΪѰС飬ǿߣôҪɵ۰æ飬Ƿͬһġ
ԣεΪ㣬Ĵۿ̫ˡǰ飬Ǽֵ޷ġ÷һҲ˵
ס˵ˣ飬ҽ֮صϣǲЩ˷ˣ
ɵôҲֻԼ
ʲô˷ѣ֮䣬ҪЩֻҪܾǿһжֵáɵ۰ڰ˵
÷ĿһɵۡҲܲƽ޷εȻΪ˰Խ֮أóڶ顣϶ǶῼǡεԾԣȴƺԥûСε뾰ԣʲôϵ
ˡԵ
ԣ֮ؿڼ²˳٣Ҫ֮أôھͶǰǰĸۡȥǰֻһȥպãﶪˣͼǰˡɵۣһöСС֣صĽԡ
ССƣһǷɵʱ˵Ժɵʲô鷳κ˳ִȥĸۡ
ûöԾڵеȼȷʵ񺣵ĸۡȥ


2700 
ׯ԰֮ڣɵۺ÷ϰﾰȫȡׯ԰֮⣬붯ǿ߶񺣰ﾰڳ¹ׯ԰ׯǰ˵һܻý֮Ļɻܴ
ɵҲ˵ˣׯϵܺãͬʱǳ֮ع֤˵ݡЩؼȷʵǲСӰ
λˣھͳǰǰĸۡԴɵнӹơ
ɵۣҲǰĸۡλãĸ˾ԡ
ʵǿߵĸۡڣ粻ʲôܣܶ˶֪ġȻˣѰǾԲȥŶλǿߵġƽʱ񺣸ۡܣǼߵġ
ΪʱȽϸϣԾֱӷи·ġʮʱ䣬Եִ˶񺣵ĸۡ
ۡȥǷǳɻֺ룬һܼ򵥵լӶѡ
Եִ󣬿֮ۡǰ龰Ҳ̲סüڶǰ֮ۡǰʱвߡЩߣ󲿷ֶǾƷҲΡģҲǸ߼еƷҡ
Щ˾ڶ񺣵ĸ֮ۡǰȥǲδõ븮ۡ
һ
ǰһһ
ԿǰۡЩע⵽ˣһĿɨԣЩȻƵ
ôƷҲΣ
ƷҲεСӣҲǰ
˰ɣЩ߼Ҳߣ˾ϵƷҳۣһüЩм
ƷҲεߣǰǲ֮ЩƷҲεߣδܼǰ
һʶһ˴žԣͻȻ˵һ䡣
ʶƷңҲʶ˵
ţһȻƷҲΣɲС˵֣϶Ҳ֪ġ˵ʶԵߣ˵
˭߶ʡ
ʶԵǸ߼ҲûӣֱӾ˵¹ׯ԰ľԣӦöɣһʱ䣬ȵš˵Ž¹ׯ԰ʮ꣬ѾﵽƷҲΡ
ԣ
ˡԭǸԡ
СȷʵǲСͷׯ԰򣬶в۹
˵ǳ¹ׯ԰ʷٶߡ
ԵȷʵǺܴˣЩ߼Ҳεߣ֪Ե֡
˵ǰۡǲҲΪ˳֮Ŀʵ
ʱǰǻΪʲô£ǳ¹ׯ԰ţ¹߲Ӧüӡõ֮ؽֱׯ԰ׯ˲ǸãǰǰһССƷңٿ죬ڻƷı䲻ˡ߻˵һ˵һҡͷ
Ҫǰ̫ˣȺУлǰ˵ģʮ֮һûСЩˣҲΪ˳֮ġȺˣǳͷׯ԰ġȻȴлõ֮ġ
Ϊͷׯ԰ΪԼܹõȻϣѡʵǿ߽֮ءǣׯ԰ڲУЩʵǿľƷңһδγ֮ؿУ඼Ѿˡճ֮صĽκ߶ֻ֮ܽһΡ
£ͷׯ԰ҲֻͨƸķʽ֮صׯ԰ǿߣׯ԰֮زɼһЩׯ԰ߣҲ˽֮صõĻᡣ
ǱȽϼҵġ
Щˣÿγ֮ؿ֮ǰ뷽跨ΪԼӳ롣ǰľй֤ݵǿߣһܺõΪԼӳķ
ԿۡҲߵۡûжᡣ
Ǿֵܰɣ㣬Ҳǰģ߹ʱһ˶ԾЦЦʵ
ǡԲʶԷԷкȻҲܲᣬ˵Է
ֵܣǰɲףðһ˵׼ˣһḮܼۡҾͳˣɵ˵ǣҪȻܼҿܲס㡣ЦǺǵ˵
ţлǰָ㡣ǰҲǰģԵͷлʵ
뾰˵ߣһƷҡ
԰ֻǡ¼ǰĿԺܵ͡Ҳܲô࣬ϣҲԡˣҽƤ𡣾ֵܣʮ꣬ȵ𰡡ƤһֵֵܣǰǰĽˣٶȣò˶ãܴﵽƷҲˣƤˡ


2701 ֺ
ƤߣûΪԼǾƷҾھǰڼӡԾ˵Ƚͣȥ뾰ƽȽύ˵ҲûԵٶ̫̫ˣȻھԻֻƷҲΣڽĲԶԴﵽƷҲεĿԺܴ
ҾͲƤˡЦЦ˵
ֵˬ졣ƤЦ
ƤϵܣôҲǾƷҲεߣֺһƷС𣿡Զһ̶
˵ˣҲһƷҲεߣһƤ;ԡ
֣ҺֺþֵˣƤɫ˱䣬˿нľƷ˵
Ӧû˵ɣͬ˭ԵĹ飿ƤϵܣҲһ㣬ϾǾƷҲΰԣǳ¹ׯ԰ߣ㲻ʵȼ̫ǲⶪԼ߹һЦ˵
Ƥɫ˺ڡ
Ҳü˿нߣⷬ䲻ֱӳԼ˵ģҲбԼ˼ڡ
˵ǸоԵСһĪҲǰģֱӶԾ˵ġ
ɨ˶ԷһۣûлӦ
ǺǣͦקԼǳ¹ׯ԰ߣͿЩƷҲǰ˦ɫСӣ㻹ءЦһ
λСֵܣǴǰȰ㻹ǾͷǰɲһСܼġҲǰװ˷ʱ䡣һ߿ڶԾ˵
ˣȷʵǼǰġܼܲô֪أԿ˶Էһ˵
˲ȰҡҡͷһӲɽ̵ı顣
Сӣڶǰĸ֮ۡǰҾͲƽˡ򣬼ǳ¹ߣҲý̽ôˡǽ˵һ䡣
ôôڶǰ֮ۡǰѵңҲеһΪһǿءЦһ
ԷγԼҲЩŭǾƷңô
ԵĻһûԾԳ֡ʵϾ㲻Ҳɱԣǵô˵档ɱ˾ԣ¹ׯ԰Բӵͷׯ԰Ҳѳ¹ׯ԰׷ɱ
ֵܣ˵䡣Ƥԣѹʵǿ֮ǰǾƷҲεˡݷöǰǰĿԺܴˣǰǺѡⲻǡ
ţףֻǶԷ̫һЩûȴǴҵӡԵͷҲ˵
¹ľԣƢͦģҶײ֡
ų¹ׯ԰ߵݣ¹ׯ԰Ǳ߶ذ
ֱһƷ߶ײºɡ
ܵߣҲ˵š
ʱ򣬸ۡһӰ˳ۡǣ˲͡
½ܼҳˡƤԾ˵
λ½ܼңǶ񺣸ۡĹܼҡ½ܼʵûдﵽ߼ҲΡ⸮ۡĸ߼ߣûһ½ܼǰڼӡ
λ簡½ܼ֮ۡǰ߹˹֣Ц˵
½ܼҡ½ܼҴк
ֵܣһǽ½ܼң½ܼһὫǵİݵǰǰǰһߣ½ܼұὫߴۡƤֵԾԵ
лƤˡԵл
ֵܣСûҪҿֻҲҪ׼ܼǰĿǺܵ͵ġǰÿҲͻһݷõߡƤҡͷ
һľƷҲߣѵõ񺣵ټƷҲУʵԽǿԽģټĿҲԽߡǽߣټĿԾͱȽϴ
λͬ뽫ңҰǵݵȥ½ܼЦ˵ĸۡ˶񺣡
˷׷óԼİ½ܼңע⵽ܶڽ½ܼҵʱ򣬻һһתˣЩڣ϶һЩȽԴЩԴǸۡ˶񺣵ģôΨһĿܣǸ½ܼҵģҲһֻ¸ˡֺ½ܼңҲӱǰټļʡ
Կ֮ǰǸнߣҲǸ½ܼһ⽪һţӣҲǶûдﵽ߼Ҳε½ֺܼ


2702 û
ûмǰ߶֮½ܼҵǰ
½ܼҼƷҳۣ˫ü΢һ¡ڷŸߣӦöý֮ġʵԽϵ͵ߣûп֮ܽصġƷƷҲεߴոֻ˵ùȥһƷʲô
½ܼҡԿ˵
СֵܲؿҲݷøģ½ܼžԣʵ
ǣǳ¹ׯ԰ľԣݷöǰԱԼݡ
˵Լݺ½ܼ˶¹ׯ԰ͷׯ԰ڲߣͬȻҪһЩ˵ˣǳ¹ׯ԰һεߣĵͼ߶δظǡܽ¹ׯ԰Ȿһʵ
ԭǾͬҿǾˡ½ܼҵ˵Ե֡
½ܼˣҵİ½ܼң뽫ҲһͬǰԽԼİɵ۽Լƣһ½ܼҡ
½ܼҿ˿ƣü½ܼҵı飬Ծ֪½ܼӦǲʶơҲǣڣöĴǷ˻¿϶Ƿǳǳģ˵ƣ񺣿һûų½ܼûҲ
½ܼʶ߲ʶﲢҪֻҪ佫ｻ񺣸ɡ
½ܼңƣǰʶģҪؽǰרŵƵҪԣҲ½ֽܼƸˡ
ðɣұת½ܼҵ˵ͷ
λͬڴ˵Ⱥ򡣡½ֶܼڳߵ
½ܼҲؿ
ڴ˵Ⱥǣż߷׷Ц˵
½ܼҵͷظۡڣиۡʿ֮ǰ½ܼµһ˽ȥ
ʵȻ٣ԴҲķǳࡣϾܹ񺣵ĿԺܵͣͳǺЧģ˵˶ҲѾͻý֮ص£ȻҲ̫ص½ܼҡ
ǣֲɵ
ԣȻûи½ܼ
ȷʵûûð
һƷҲߣǰȴﶼ½ܼҡǣ֪ô˵ˡ
̫ˡҸ˵֮һĿԶûС
ߣ½ܼЩƷҲεߡȻǺܴ󣬿ɶҲһЩǰϣġǰþԿܻһݺ½ܼңɽȴʮֵ⣬ѹû½ܼҡ
ֵܣû½ܼ׼𣿡ƤҲüžԡ
ûаҡҡͷ
㡭Ļһϣûˡ½ܼңδػὫİ͵ǰǰЩΪʲôҪ½ܼңʵȷԼİܹǰǰ½ܼڶǰǰ˵ûǶ֮ϲˡƤεĿž˵
֮ǰ֪Ҳû׼ﰡԿЦЦ
ʱЩ½ܼҲԼİ͵ˡת룬ԼڽƸ½ܼҵʱ˵˶񺣸ʶ½ܼӦûӡ
ƤҡҡͷҲ֪˵ˣѾͶˡ
ֵܣͶʱҪ׼ﰡҲ̫࣬ƿƿȪҲͲˡƤ߶˶ֵ
Щߣڶ񺣸ۡãÿǶͶۡڡ

ǿ߶񺣣֮ۡڡ
ԣ˵ǳᡣǺǣˣ뷨뵱ȻһЩ½ܼҵ˵š
üֵС˵ʶҲ֪Ǽ١Ӧòڲƭɡʶⶫǻ᲻ᡭʶ⾰һЩϵ
ˣҾͽ͹ȥɣһɲá½ܼҡҡͷ
ҲǺܽСĵˡ
һ븮һЩԵİ͸пܻ⡣˵ûƣ½ܼңĲὫİ͵񺣸ǰǾƷߵİ½ܼҶˣ˵ССƷ¹ׯ԰ܸԼӷ֣ڶ񺣸ۡڣ¹ׯ԰ݻ治̫
ˣ½ܼҴǵİ񺣾סķ⡣
ɡ洫һ
½ܼҽ뷿䡣
ˣǽİ½ܼұŰ
Űɣһҿڣһݲϵߣ


2703 Ϊʲô
½ܼҽǵİڰͷ
ʱ½ܼӦ뿪䡣Ѿ˵ˣһٿЩôȸһߣԻٽй䵽߽ۡ
½ܼȴû뿪䡣
ô𣿡̧̧ü½ܼҡ
ˣһ²֪ǲӦ½ܼ죬С˵
ôķϻʲô˵һֵ
ˣµƽʱͦõġȻˣµԱ£ʲôʲô鲻Ҫס
ˣ¹ׯ԰һоԵߣʱҲڸۡ㡣ԼİһƷһơǾ˵ʶҽתˡ²Զ֪½ܼҹ˵š
ԣЩѽ
ˣһʱȵ𣬱Ϊ¹ׯ԰ɫߡڳ¹ׯ԰򣬾ׯ԰У½ܼҵ
ǺǣҾ˵Ӧ֡ţоԵ߽ٶȼ졣һƽתңʲôƣת
Ǵ½ܼҽ˳
ƣǶͳȥģȻԶˣȻһ۾˳
¹ᡭԣε⾰δ̫ˡת˲ͨ˾Ϊƣڳ¹ׯ԰УֻεһԼơ
Ƿεһ顣
ԣεƸ˾ԡ
½ܼҲǼóԹɫˣ񺣵ı飬֪˻ʶơУҲңҿû³çĽӵȻһ¶øŭĺӿɾ͵ͷˡ
Ұɣ⣬ȥԴҼʲô񺣶½ܼ˵
ǣ½ܼӦ
ƣʲôѵʲô壿
Ϊʲô˼ƣҪǸԣ½ܼ˳񺣵ķ䣬ֹš
ʱԺڶ߼ҲεߣڸۡȺš߳Ĭ߾һ̸
ƤߣҲ뾰ġʾԣΪʲôҪǰԸԼĿ߶һƤȻԤϵΪ˽֮ص׿˵ǾЩ⡣ΪֻƷҲΣʵܹ֮أҲǷǳΣյġױȵߣ֮ðգӦøΪزǡ
ʱ½ܼ˳½ܼٴ߶¶ԾĿ⡣Ϊ½ܼҵڶһγʱ̡ܶڽ֮ǰ½ܼҽ˰ͽȥһ㶼ʱʱŻٳʱǹʱ죬½ܼҽǸյҵʱٴδ߳
˳Ծ󣬱㶼¶ڴĿ⡣½ܼôʹӸۡٳ˵ǰѾҪһˡ
˭أ
᲻ң
һңǰУʵһҪǿģǰǰļʱ䶼ˡǽߣתͷ
ֵܣҪ㣬ҽ½ܼҴųֱӾͽĿ⿴ԣڿ˵
ʲô
ԣǰԣ
ô£ԽŹһͶ񺣸Ҫԣ
ѵΪǳ¹ׯ԰ߣ
ǳ¹ׯ԰ߣɱϾʵƷҲΡ
ǣ½ܼ˵ĻһЩš
Ƥߣ˿㵵Ŀž˵ֵܣϲϲ֮ǰ˵ˣ벻
ƤˣҾ½ܼȥǰˡԶƤЦЦ˵
Ը½ܼҽ붡񺣵ĸۡһƬȻҲΪʶԣ֮һ

ֵܣƵǺΪθ˿ƣ̾أУ½ܼҺʵ
ƣǶԶǰҪĶӦ˵
š½ܼҵ˵ͷԲԸϸĶ˵ȻҲǿ
ܿ죬Ծ½ܼ˶񺣾סķᡣ½ܼ֮ͨ󣬶񺣱þԽ뷿䡣
ֻжһˣԾԽȥҪϣֱӾͼԣǰ
ţضɡ񺣿žԣָָ˵
лǰԵл
СѣӦڳ¹εİɣ񺣿ʾԡ
ǵ˽ƽҳִǰԵͷ


2704 Ӧ
˵񺣵˵ͷ
ЦεŴ˾÷˼
˵ɣΪ¡Ŀžԡ
ˣǰǳ¹ׯ԰ׯǰ˵仰Ҫһ֮صֱ˵
񺣾ĿģҲûҪȦӡҪ񺣰æöǷɵ۵顣˵ˣ͵һνסɵҲ˵ˣׯϵһ㡣
Ҫ֮أĿһ
ֻƷҲΰɣ񺣽˵
ȷʵƷҲεߡԵ
ɵɱ֮ǰеȼǲ̫߼Ҳˡ֮Ҫ֮أΪľǵõӶӿɱٶȡ
ԣ㽫̫֮ˡ֮أдޡʵȥܻܿ档ҲףżðաȽеȼһЩﵽƷҲκٽ֮Ҳ١֮ÿǧͻῪһΣеǻᡣҡͷ˵
ΪԵʵˣһ㣬̫ˡƷƷңǵ
ǰһν֮أǾ˼ǵġεˣҲ֧֮ءҪȻҲǰ㡣æ˵
񺣵ɫ˼֡
ܾǿ֮صĽܾġҡͷ
ֻ֪ǿǰǳ¹ׯ˵һ˵¡ǰæҵõϣ󡣡Ե
ԣ㻹Ƿ뷨ɣңϰ㡣ȻˣȻңҲһˡһҪǲ֣һɡ񺣶ԾԵ̬ȣѾԱֳˡ
Ǵﵽ˾ƷҲΣǶ񺣵ǲﾰæɾԣֻƷҲζѡǰﾰڳ¹ׯǰ˵ûҲ̫һЩȥ񺣵ҲǻкܴĴ˻˵λ֮ؿĹ֤ˣ˽ľȻôأʺϼ֤
ֻһҪ󡣡Լ֡
ʱ򣬾ҲоЩ̫ˡ񺣣ƺҲûӵԼ̶ֳȡļӵĳŵôڼ㾰ѣҲӦȥȻ񺣵̬ȳԵԤϡ
ɵۣҲû뵽񺣻̬ȡ
Ǻǣ
ЦһЦζ
Ҫ޷㣬㲻ٶ˵ҲܴӦȻѾˣҲٻ㡣㣬һɣ񺣰˵
Ҳˣ񺣺ܼٿҲǲö񺣸ı⡣
εҲӦףҰ㣬ǾԼЦ񺣽˵һ䡣
ˣҾʹ˸ǣվ
һ£㻻һҪһ԰㡣ֵ⡣
ˣǰûҪᡣԵ
˵ţԱ˳ȥ
ߣ֪ߵغ񡣡񺣿ž߳ȥһЦ˵
ʵﾰԣһҪԭԭǹϵġڳ֮ؿ֮ǰһЩʵǿľƷҲѡ־ƷҲεЩƷҲε߰дЭ飬Щܹõ֮صڳ֮صõУҪֳһָ񺣡
þԽ˳֮أ㾰ԴӦֳһƷҲε߼ǻųˣܲɼܿܣ޷ӾԵϵõһ
Գ񺣸ۡƤߵȻͷҲطжȥ
ԣߵô죿
֪ûڶǰԸ
ۡߣžԷ뿪

¹ׯ԰
ӾԳׯ԰ʱ䣬ɵۺ÷ϣҲ˴Ĺﾰ֮Ĺɵۺ÷֣Ǻܴġ
ׯ͸ׯҲɵۺ÷ϵ̶̶ʮʱ߲ǱΡиׯ˵ε÷Ƿˣó֮£ó¹ׯ԰治¡ǵɺܼ򵥣ֻƷҲߣ֮أܵõܰׯ԰ɼ
ׯ԰ÿһׯ԰ֻׯ԰ɾƷҲ߽֮أ¹ׯ԰ɳԱУȴҪһƷҲεߡһ¹ׯ԰õܹͷׯ԰ȣ
󲿷ֳϼҲΪε÷Ƽ̫֪ˡ


2705 һλ
з
¹ׯ԰еͲԱ֪Ӣŵ÷λ֧־Խ֮¡Դ£û˿áӢŵ÷Ȼׯ԰λȨصĴԻһ֮صⲻܵõٳϵ֧֡
ׯ԰ڼӢŵ÷Ͻõĸ߲Ҳ֧־׵Ƽ֮̫Ҫˣϵ¹ׯ԰δǧʱڵȪԴ
һƬУԴųص鷵˳¹ׯ԰
ɵ۸Զ£¹ׯ԰ڿûʲô֪뿪¹ׯ԰ǰǰۡ£ǾԲصסġׯ԰У֪ж˵۾ھԵϡ˵ǰ뿪ׯ԰žͻ˲̽Եȥ
ʱ㾰ȥҶǰԵĿʲôͲöҲס
Իصׯ԰̾ͼɵۡ
ǰԸæɵü
̬ȺܼԵͷ
ǺǡҽǷ鿴̫ˡɵЦһҲ⡣
񺣵̬ȣȷʵɵҲе⡣ɵԭΪ񺣻ỹǷµ飬ڿˡ
ɵۺ;ԣĬ
˺һɵٴοڵεûʲôõˡ
ӦûϣˡԵ
´γ֮ؿɣһγ֮ؿǴﵽƷҲˡɵ˵
һγ֮ؿҲҪǧʱ䡣Լ϶ǲ뵢ôʱ䣬ʵɵҲþٵôʱ䡣û취ھԵеȼʵ̫ˣƷҲΣѵõʲô֧֡
÷ϻǻᾡΪȡ֮صϢѾҲʽΪѡˣǾͼֵװɡɵ˵
һº
¹ׯ԰ׯλׯгϼԱǾۼһ𣬽һׯص¡˴£Ǵ¹ׯ԰֮ѡ
ѡˣмʮ֮ࡣѡУ󲿷ֶǳ¹ׯ԰ڲԱЩѡУǴﵽƷҲεߡЩѡˣׯ԰߲ҲǶĹ֤ġ
ׯˣ
ׯˣ
¹ׯ԰ׯúڳԱȫվӭ¹ׯ԰λׯɵۺ÷ϣȺ֮С
¹ׯ԰ׯҲǾƷҳۡ
磬ƷҲΣǵˡԽƷңϾǴ˵еɵۡǳ¹ׯ԰ͷׯ԰ׯͬҲǾƷҲΡȻˣƷƷңҲǼ޴ġ¹ׯ԰ׯľƷңӦþǺøʦǸˮƽܱȺøʦֻҪǿһҲ˵
¹ׯ԰ׯֽоŷ壬òͣҷܳ
λŷׯߵԼλ֮ǰãѹѹ˵
¹ĸ߲ǣ½
Ҫ飬ҶҶԴ˾Ͳϻˡ
ôʹһźѡ˿ʼܰɣһźѡˣģлƺƷҲΡƺߣǧǰܡŷׯ죬һźѡ˵ϸϣѡ˵ĸеȼйʲôս
ϽܣĿģΪڳԱԺѡиʶٴжϳѡ˵ʵʲôˮƽлƺߣǾŷׯʵȻǺǿġңƺ߱ҲǺܴǧǰ¹ׯ԰ˡŷׯܣڳĸ߲ǶԻƺҲȽ˽⡣
һźѡ˽Ϻ󣬱ǶźѡˣҲׯŷׯڴ˴γ֮Уһѡˡ
ö˵һ˭ĺѡˣ˭վϢϸµĽܸڳĸ߲ǡ
ڶʮźѡ˱Ϻɵվ
˽ܵڶʮźѡˡڶʮźѡˣǾԡ
λĶʮźѡˣǳ¹ׯ԰ڲԱԡĿǰƷҲΡʮǰӢŵ¹ׯ԰ڽׯ԰󲻾ãʹνΪҲΡʮʱ䣬Բ˼ٶȣﵽƷҵȼɵۻ˵
˵ʱû˴һԣɵ۽ܾԵʱڳвǶ΢΢Ц
ھԣҪԴ˵ľЩΪӦûһ֮صɵ˵仰ȥ
һѡˣɵ֮Ҳûйںѡ˵Ľˡ


2706 ֻƱ
ʮѡˡ
¹ׯ԰г֮Ƕʮѡ塣ׯŷĺѡˣõĻҪһЩׯŷ壬˸Իһ֮صôʣµĶʮ˾ֻ֮
кѡУԵеȼ͵ģ֮һ֮ĶʮѡˣǾƷҲΡûдﵽƷҲεߣҲǰƷҡôѡУƷҲε߶ûСȺѡУȷʵǺˣۣʹۡ
ɵۺ÷ϼļԣǾѡ˵ʸûС
εͷƼ԰ɣ
ɵۻ֮󣬾һλϿɵ˵
ǣڳˣε÷֮⣬ҵ֧þԻý֮ƷҲΣεڻ㵽ʲôİţ߳˵ܲ
֮ǰΪļ⣬ţ߳϶ɵܴڵõѹһѹεĻᣬȻǲɵۿ
÷ϣҲׯ԰λϡߣžҲǣҲ̫˰ɣֹϵׯ԰չ׳Ĵ飬Ҳ࿼ǣţ߳ת÷ϣô
÷ҧҧ촽û˵
ʵ÷֪ǰ񺣸ۡûȡҪĽоѾˡ÷Ҳûжǰ֧־ԣǾûϣõ֮ġεȴҪֵסȻεִˣ÷Ҳֻüεһġ
ε÷ϣʵȷʵ̫ˡ֮أǾͲڳ֮أ֮ڵΣжֲǲϜׯҲˡ
˺ˣׯŷְ̧˰֣ôҲҪ
ʮѡˣѾȫܹˡЩѡˣλǣͨ˷ܣӦҲ˽⡣ڣҾͿʼͶƱɡȡƱѡˣõ֮صŷׯ˵
ѡ˵ѡȡҪڳг¹ׯ԰߲ͶƱġׯ˲ͶƱׯÿƱλƱλϺλ϶һƱ
߲ǣ˵ǿʼ׼õһſհƱд֡ԼΪһѡʺϽ֮أڿհƱдӦĺѡ֡
̺ܿ죬ϲÿʲôׯĺѡˣȻǻø߲￴õġ
÷ϺɵˣжƱΪоǶλֱԼƱд˾Ե֡
ׯ鷳һƱ˶дԼѡƱ֮󣬾ŷׯׯЦ˵
áׯ˵ͷվÿһнõƱյԼС
еƱׯЩƱ͵ŷׯǰ
棬ǾͿʼƱˣŷרעЦЦ˳һƱȻ򿪡
ţһƱŷׯ
ׯһԿټ¼
ţҲǾŷׯѡ֮һ
ţһƱŷׯ򿪵ڶƱ˺ŵ֡
ƺһƱǵƱ
ӢһƱƱϵӢ
һƱŷׯ򿪣һѡ˵ֱŷׯ
ƺͺŵõѡƱңңȣԶѡˡƱĿǰڵλӢӢׯĺѡˣǱϜׯġϜׯȻҲǻһЩΪӢ˲Ʊڽⳡ¿ʼ֮ǰϜׯ˲ٳ̸˼֧һӢ
ӢߣʵǿľƷҲΣڳ¹ׯ԰СߣбϜׯڳ¹ׯ԰ڲ֧֣ܵõ϶ѡƱʵҲ
ԣһƱŷׯѡƱ
ԣƱŷׯٴԵ֡

õƱƱԣɵۺ÷дƱǱŵһ𡣹ȻƱ֮󣬾ŷׯҲûԵֱ֣ҲûСԣһ͵õƱƱԻǵƱٵĺѡˣǾǰ壬ǲ൱ġ
Ѿˡ÷Ͽ˿ɵۣε˵
ǰɵûʲô飬ȻԤϵˣǲЩʧ
ԸæԸھŷׯǰΪ˵ô죬ŷׯܾͻΪƱׯƱЩλλУ϶в˻ὫԼѡƱͶԡһԵƱŽǰȷʵбȽϴϣġ


2707 Ե
ϧǣ񺣾ܾ˰ﾰھŷׯǰ˵
ѡƱ֮󣬾ŷׯٴο˵Ǿ͸Ʊ٣֮صѡ
ʮһƱƱһó֮ؽ
ƺǶʮƱƱڶó֮ؽ
ӢǶʮƱƱó֮ؽ
کʮƱƱģó֮ؽ
Ʊǰ֮УšƺͼکǾŷׯĺѡˡӢǸׯϜĺѡˡ
Ʊ߽ԶԶõʮƱֻȼکһƱԶҲǾƷҲεߣǰҪСܶࡣˣﵽƷҵȼʱҲһЩ£ԶǲܵõʮƱġ֮ܵõʮƱţ߳ϵ֧Ƿֲġ
һʱ䣬ţҲׯ԰ƵΪԶƱһЩλλ˲ٵԴͶƱԶЩΪȻЧԶõʮƱλе塣
ԶƱͳƳ֮ţ߳ҲɳһЦ¶ѾˣֻҪܵõ֮صͿˡ
ƱǰĵѡˣԵõһ֮صĸѡˣǳ¹ׯ԰ڲԱ֮صĵǳ¹ׯ԰ľ߻áŷׯͻȻ˵ôһ仰
֮صԻá
ŷׯ仰˵֮ڣһƬžеˣĿ⿴ŷׯǲš
ԵƱƱеĺѡ֮Уڵʮλɵۺ÷ϣԼƱͶԣǾԵĵƱӦƱ
ԣôܵõ֮ص
ɵۣҲһı顣û뵽ŷׯͻȻԤϵİš
ţ߳ϵЦݻûɢȥͽϡڵׯԶõ֮صׯģȴǾԻõ֮ص
ô£
ǰÿγ֮ؿó֮ĺѡˣǵƱǰѡˡһδγ֮ؿУҲֹܶΣƱǰĺѡ˶ǳ¹ׯ԰ĳԱΪʲôһΣ˷˼⣿
ׯ԰λׯǳ⡣ŷׯǰҲδҪþԵõ֮ص
ׯˣЩסţ߳Ϻվŷׯ
ţ߳˵ŷׯ΢Цţ߳ϵ
Ҳף֮صΪʲôҪƷҲεߡţ߳ϵͳׯˣܸɡ룬Եɵģڳֹһ
ţ߳˵⣬ҶԴҲɻ󡣾ƷҲߣεĺѡУǳ¹ׯ԰ҲаƷҲεĺѡˡһҪѡһׯ԰ڵ߽֮أҲӦֲ԰ϜׯҲˡ
԰ǳ¹ׯ԰ľԣȷʵû˵еˣϾ׿ߣٶȡڣϾһЩ֮أǳ¹ׯ԰ȡǻкܴӰ찡һλҲվ˵
εʲô÷ɵߣһ䡣
ɵüתĿ÷ϣҡҡͷҲ֪ʲô
εǲǶǰﾰׯǰ˵ˣ÷ϲ²⡣
ҲǺԶ˵ǣǰܾæ̬ȺܼǶǰׯǰΪ˵ׯΪλľأɵҲ˵
Ȼˣʲôԭ򣬾ܵõһ֮صɵۺ÷϶ǳˡΪȫûлˣȴ벻ķ·ת
Իý֮صûʲôرԭҵľһƬѯ֮Уŷׯˣȫ˵
Ϊ¹ׯ԰ׯȨָߵõ֮ص˵ָһȫָҲ
ɡţ߳ϲİ
ΪԶõ֮ص˺ܴĴۡڣԶȴ˳ģͰ׷ˡܲܣ֮ǰôЩϣԴ
ţ߳ϣ㲻˵ˡѾˣҲĵġŷׯֹţ߳ϼ˵ȥ
ţ߳ɫȴҲ޷˵ׯ԰λׯҲ໥һۡȻׯ̬ʮּҲ޷ٶ˵ʲôׯȨׯ԰ȫǿһġ


2708 й¶
֮ؽȷ˹֮󣬽»Ҳͽˡ⣬¹ׯ԰֮ص߱㲻ٸġ
ɵ۳úûϻӢŵ÷һص÷ϾԵõ˽֮صɵۺ÷϶ΪˣҪһʱ佫Ϣ߾ԡ
ʲôҵõ˽֮صԱ÷ϵĽ˸Ϣ¶ı顣
жѾ˽֮أȴ벻ɵۺ÷ϾȻԼһϢ
ţȷˣֻҪּ˵⣬ô϶֮ܽصġɵ۵ͷ
ˣ˵ׯİҵõһ֮صƵúܣĿǰû¹ׯ԰ׯ
ׯˣΪҪİԼһ֮أ
ǰׯˣһԣֻõҺεеƱǰռƱķʽǰǺܴģͲܵõ֮ص÷Ҳ˵
ǡֵ鰡ׯˣΪʲôҪأˣ᲻Ƕǰæˣɶǰʱҵʱܼ̬ȣܾҵ󰡡΢΢ü
ȷʵ˵ͨ
ţҲ벻ס
ɵۺ÷϶ҡҡͷ
˼ǹöǰæĿԲ󡣶ǰǾŷׯ˹ϵǺܺãҲֱׯѡ֮ءǰ˵ׯׯҲ»Ϊ˵һЩƷƷͶƱ㡣»ϣׯİ֮ǰûר֡ɵۼ˵
ԣʱҲôࡣõ˽֮Ҫ׼׼ǳ֮Σأ治ҪСޣߡׯ԰ߣҪ̱ܿɵ۶˵
ţһСġӦ
ҲǼ
֮صһʮˣʮߣǴׯ԰ġЩ˶ھ˵ҲǼΣյġֻƷҲΣɱԵľƷҲߣܲʱǾˡ
ɵۡ÷Ϻ;˵ʱһߣׯ԰λׯҲھŷׯ
λׯ»ϣԾŷׯľûзʵδ̹Ȼܡ»Ǿǵ˾ŷׯѯׯΪҪһ֮ص
ׯˣôģ
Сһȷʵٶ죬ڱϾʵͰ
һγ֮ؿþԽ룬ӦøһЩɣ
λׯ׷׳ԡ
ȻѾȷˣ̫ܻı䣬λׯ֪ׯŷΪʲôͻȻľңׯ»֮ǰûͨܲ
ǰŷׯ˿ˣҡҡͷ
ʵڽ֮ǰҶûҪһͷƷңȷʵʺϽ֮ءŷׯһ
ׯˣô˵ǽͻȻıģׯʵλׯΪԾˣׯ˽ΪʲôͻȻıأ
ǰ»Ὺʼ֮ǰҽ֮ǰţҸı⣬ĸı⡣ŷׯ˵
ׯˣʲô˼ı⣬ѵвȲɣϜׯüʵ
磬вȳ¹ׯ԰ׯ
ȻǼʸҾ͸ǡ죬»Ὺʼ֮ǰ˽ˡŷׯĿбŷһ⣬ѹ˵
ʲô
˽٣
˻λׯɫ䡣
໥һۣڷ֮󣬱㲻˵ˡˡŷׯ˵úˣǽ˽٣űı⣬Ҫһ֮ص𰸺ˣǽҪŷׯһ֮ġ
ֻǡ
֪أôᣬרŽٵڼŷׯҪŷׯһ֮أ棬ʲôˣʲôϵ
ˡ˵Ѿǣʱ䣬úú׼֮ˡ⣬򲻿й¶ȥŷׯڰ֣λׯ˵
ǣӦԾŷׯ˹뿪
¹ׯ԰֮ѡȷ󣬳֮ߣҲ½˳¹ׯ԰ȫִ¹ׯ԰ֹ֮˴Լһµʱ䡣һ֧飬ӳ¹ׯ԰֮صڶ֧飬ǾŷׯԴӡ
УԵҪ֮ص⣬һλׯʮϼ


2709 
ɵۣҲڶ֮Уǰ֮صġ
֧һʮˣԼٶȷи֮ء֮ڵλãͷׯ԰Ľ紦طκһͷׯ԰
ͷׯ԰פһ֧ӡͷ֧ӣһǷֹ˴֮λãǻල
˽ӽʮʱ䣬ǵִ˳֮ء濴֮Ƭǹͺͺģʯʯׯ԰פӣҲڳ֮Χκ˶֮ܽҲͷׯ԰ղ顣
ʵ߽֮Ҳûʲô֮ʵڵ¡رûʲôмֵԴֵڵʯӲޱȣȴʯǴҲûֵ
¹ׯ԰ׯһ˵ִ֮غ󣬾֮Լӣгʮʱ䡣ˣס¹ׯ԰ׯһ˵ִ֮򲢲ģһǻׯ԰ׯˣִʱȾŷׯ˻ҪһЩ
һͷׯ԰ղׯ԰ׯҲһȺ˵ִ
ˣͷׯ԰ȫ˳֮

룡ʱֹȥ죬һվŷׯׯ԰ϼ;Ե¹ׯ԰֮صټܼ򵥺ܸɴ
ʮˣפؽ֮
ǻͿղׯ԰Ҳͬʱжׯ԰ׯŶԼׯ԰פأ֮
Щѹֵĸо֮󣬾΢΢ü
һƬľûСϵʯʺںɫռڣҲһֹŹֵѹաԴӽ֮򣬾ԾһֳĸоָоԼ֮ѹ
֮򲢲ܴ󣬲һʱ䣬ԱǿһȺɫĴšڵϵģԵܿȺɫŵʱ򣬾ɫžѾܽˡڿɫ֮ǰԾͿ֧顣
֧飬ͬʱִɫšɫţǳ֮صڡ
ɫۣǾԿ׿סҪԿͬʱʹãܿȺɫšɫΪ̵Ĳ϶죬ׯ԰ׯߣҲǿƿš
ŷׯ
֧鶼ִ֮ں󣬲ǻׯ԰ׯЦݶԾŷׯ˸к
ׯŷׯ߹˹֡
ŷׯׯǶλǰҶһѽղׯ԰ׯһ˵
һׯô㣿ׯתĿղׯЦŷׯɱȶһׯ
ׯ԰ׯУղׯһִ֮صġ
Ǻǣǽѽһţ·ٶȾˡһׯЦ
һתŷׯŷׯ˵ǳ¹ׯ԰֮صУһֻƷң
һׯϢͨŷׯŶԷ
ŷׯ˵Цˣô飬˭֪أƷҲ߽֮أҶŷׯһׯٺһЦ
һׯ˵һ㶼ụ̂ԾŷׯҲúܡ˵ý߽֮оԣׯ˵ʱĿҲǿ˾ԡ
ƷҳۣȺ̫ˡ֮ڵУ֮⣬һɫĶǾƷҡ
һׯоԵСѿɲѽ˵ʱ̣ܶ޷ٶȴﵽҲΡǿϧˣǽҲǻׯ԰áׯҲžԡ
ʵҸո˵Сѵʱ򣬾ǰ¹ׯ԰Ҫϧһûܸϰһׯҡҡͷһϧӡ
λǾͱ˵ϻˡڣͿ֮شŰɣŷׯ˵
ãǾͿɣ
ҿղȪȪۣٶѾǻˣþһׯڰ֣ȡһѳɫԿס
ŷׯׯҲȡһѳɫԿסλׯվ˺ɫ֮ϣֱվڴϵǰ
ʼ
ţʼɣ
λׯͬʱеԿ׷ɫŵİ֮ڡԿڰͣ˺ʱλׯȡԿף˺뿪ɫű档ųصɫŻƶ
ŷׯһׯ԰õ³¹ׯ԰Ҫˡʱ򣬾ŷׯɲ˰ղĶһׯתĿŷׯ˵
ׯ԰֮صߣڳ֮ػ֮ҪͳƵġͳƵĽһ͵ׯ԰ҪóԼׯ԰͸ߵׯ԰ġ


2710 Ե
֮رׯ԰ͬѳ֣ͷׯ԰֮䱾зǳҵľϵֶׯ԰֮ڼҵ֪
ǳ¹ׯ԰ǲǻׯ԰Ϳղׯ԰Լׯ԰ڿ֮ڵõΪԼׯ԰ܹԽׯ԰ҲþѰʵǿߴׯ԰֮Ѱ
һγ¹ׯ԰þԽ֮أһƷҲڳ֮صջȻ̫࣬ׯ԰ȡ¹ׯ԰ׯ԰еײǶˡȻδ֮أҶܿ
¹ׯ԰õׯ԰е׵Ļǳ¹ׯ԰ҪóԼʮ֮һ͸ǻׯ԰Ϳղׯ԰ΪˣǿղĶһׯŻԾŷׯ˵ʱǧҪˡ
ʵ˵¹ľŷׯҲˡˣǹϵǳ¹ׯ԰һжԶʵ£Ҳ֤ܵ˼ලġ¹ˣǼλʵǿĹ֤ȾҪ¹ʩѹ
һׯˡҳ¹ׯ԰ˣҲһԸķ䡣ŷׯ˶һׯһۣ̲˵һ䡣
ǿЦŷׯҪ档һׯһЦ
λǾǽ֮ذɣǻׯ԰ׯЦ˵
ŷׯͶһׯͷ
Եʮ֮صߣѳУ׼
˴γ֮ؿʱΪ¡
λڳ֮ڣԴµʱ䡣סˣԲܳµʱ䣬½֮ǰǱӳ֮سʱ䳬֤˻֮ؼǡʱ⽫ǳأټĳͷ֤Ҳûڳ֮ҵǣǳ֮صĴűرաһοҲǧ֮ǼʵǿҲڳ֮泬һʱ䡣
ǣ𣿡ǲǻׯԾԵʮ˵
˶ͷ
һ㣬֮أׯ԰ׯѾǳ֣ضǶˡ
ˣǿԽˡׯһ֡
ŷׯͶһׯҲԶԴԼׯ԰ߵͷʾ⡣
ʮߣ½֮ء
ţµĽݡԸŴ¹ׯ԰ĸߣŵȥ½ݵĹУʮ߶ûô˵ľ˵ĽŲ
֮غڽ˽ʱʱ䣬ǰűÿݣҲʱʧ¼ûйߴڵġ˶ҲεߣĿǿȫڰĵطҲԶĵط
磬޷ʹ÷֮֮أҲ޵һĸ֪ˡ磬ǵЧȻԪôԣͬҪġ˵Ҳʱʱ̿ӰġԽǿǸ֪ҲԽǿ
Ҳ⣬㹻ǿĻȶΣյԤͻȵ
ڰĳ֮أԵƣҲ巽档Ե壬ɵͬεġǺøĸ崿뾰Ҳǲġ
λһףڳ֮ջࡣղƷߣһĹ˹˵
ղĸˣҲǶžԵ˹˹֡ղߣӿٶ뿪ʧںڰ֮С
¹ļλѣٻˣϣº󣬻ܼˡţǻƷҲߣҲǼ򵥵˵˾仰Ϳ뿪
ʱֻд¹ׯ԰˻
ֵܣеȼϵͣУʵҲƫ͵ġ֮֮ǰ¹ׯ˶йҪҶӦһЩڳ֮صʱ䣬͸ҰɡŶԾ˵
ŷׯȷʵרŶԺŽڳ֮عվԡ
٣ҪŷׯþԽ֮ءȻûжԾŷׯ˵ø࣬þԽ֮ؾ㹻ˡŷׯȷΪҪԾرԴԶһЩ֪Ĺϵŷׯǲϣڳ֮ء
лǰԹֵл
ŶԾ˵û־ӸµļӣжȽϿԵȻҲֳһǧ֮ӡ
治֪¹߲ôġֵܣҲ㣬ʵȷʵȽϵ֮ͣأͶԳ¹ׯ԰˵һ¡ʵڳ֮ҲŪӢҡҡͷž˵


2711 ʯ밵Ӱ
ӢⷬȷʵҲԾԣջ˽õĽֱӵĹϵĸڳ֮صõԽ࣬ôֵܹҲԽࡣ
ֻǣȻǹԾԣ˵仰ʱһﾰԵĸо
ʼߣ¹߲ҲΪֵܰɡſ˿Ӣ˵
˵ȥҹǰǰǳ֮ؿĹ֤ˣŷׯҲ˽áԣǰǲǰˣӢЦһʾԡ
治֪ҡͷ
Ӣ̬þЩ˼ǾƷҲεߣԼֻƷҡʵܶ࣬ӡﾰҲֻֻܰϣͨν֮صĻöһЩȻ󾡿ĽеȼƷҡ
ׯ԰˶ѾˣҲ˷ʱ˰ɣک߿˵
ţɣŵͷ
ˣų֮ǽݣͨ¼ĵطڽݵһ˸ǲҵġÿγ֮ؿ߽֮ؿ϶ط⸽ܾǧͱջ͵üС
һʱ˱ǷֿˡͬУѰЧʾ̫ˡңһҲ÷֡
ֵܣ͸ҡ㷢ģҲҪкԡ
ǰ᲻Ӱ㣿ʡ
ҲûʲôӰ죬ҴӦŷׯҪӦġ֮أѰΣȫǵһڳ֮س⣬ǳ¹ʧɾʹˡֵܣ֮ǰһʱҲ˽㣬ٶȣҷǳҿ㲻֮أҲỨ̫ʱܴﵽƷҲΡⷬ˵úǳϿҡ
ǰ˵úеһЩԭʱܽȡٶȷʵǷǳ죬һҪһЩҡҡͷ˵
ţ㶼Ѿˣ˵Ҳáŵͷ
ֵܣ֮кܶ޴ڡһЩޣҲ֡ңҲСģܣҪԥŶԡ
֮ڣޣɱƷҲߵġŵ˵ʵھƷҲǲģЩƵľƷߣʵ໹ǲСġ
סԵ˵ͷ
֮صȻ洦ɼĶԸźţѰ˳ʮʱûջûҵҲû֮صޡ
һʱ䣬ֿݼŵˡ
ԺͺҲǺĵˣȻһ춼ûκεջ񣬵˶ûֳκμ֮ɫ
ڶ죬̽һƬʱͻȻһֱĸоУûκη֣ǿ壬Դصĸ֪һλãƺвһĶڡ
ǰȥ߿ԿڶԲԶĺźһ䡣
ôֵĪʲôˣԵĽʶתĿ࿴ȥ΢΢üʵ
ھ˵棬ûκη֡
ҲȷǿһЩ̫һĶϸʱֿˡԲ̫ȷ˵
ţǾ͹ȥҲáŵ˵ͷ
Ѱûʲôضķá
׺
ţ΢΢һҲ˱䡣
ʯѹ˵һ䡣
УһΧʯԲͬʯͷһֺڰ˫ɫʯͷʯͷΪʯʯûʲô̫ļֵڳ֮أȴܵ塣֮صǰǷľ飬ڳ֮ڣʯֵĵطض˵йʯ
ˣֻҪʯǾбȽϴļҵ
ֵܣ񲻴ôԶȻܿſԣ̾һ䡣
ҸղҲ̫ȷЦЦ
ţֵܷģʯȿģһҵ㡣ŵ˵ͷ˵һþ԰ĵĻ
ò˵ƷԻǲԵӡܺá
裡
ʯΪģϸѰʱһƵĺ
ԺͺŶһ̽䱸ƵĺӦǳ֮޵ĽޣӰޡʵϣڳֻ֮һֽӰ޵ޡҪ˵𣬾ֻʵǿİӰսոմﵽҲε൱΢ǿһЩǿİӰɱƷߡ


2712 ǵ
ԡŶ˶ǵһν֮أӰֻг֮زУڴ֮ǰûмİӰޡǣⲻǶ԰Ӱһ˽⡣
ֵСġŵͳԾ˵
裡Ƶĵͺٴδ
һΣоԴȷŽ˺ܶࡣԺͺŶʶӰԼٶȽӽԼڵλá
ȻգʱһӰͳڶ˵֮ڡⰵӰޣͲӴһޣ㡣
ͷӰûκεļ٣ԷٶȳԺͺš׼Ӱ޳̹гص̾ǰɨ˹ȥ
ۣŵҲǼǿٶѸݣе׼ĺݺݵնͷӰ޵ϡ
Ӱޣ˳ȥҲǱ޴úһ
ãͷӰ޲ǿ˿ͬʱ˵һ仰
䣬űɳȥİӰޡ
һԹսͷӰ޵ʵȷʵǿ󣬾ԾԵʵӦҲܽɱжϣͷӰ޵սҲ൱ƷҲߵӡԺľƷߣͷӰ޵ķǲڵġ
û̫ʱ䣬ű㽫ͷӰɱ
Ӱֳ֮ضеޣǱȽġķԱ˵鼶޶ȲϣȽǿİӰޣҲ鼶ǸΡӰҲǳĿ£ǵĿ֮ǿٶȡղź밵Ӱ޵һνʱ򣬺ŶͷֻƷҲսİӰһɴ˿ɼӰ޵жֲ
£ӰҲίʵֲ̫ˡ
ֵܣͷӰѾնɱǼѰ⸽ʯаӰ޳ûĿԺܴ󡣡תԾԵ
šԵͷӦ
Ȼ⼫ĵ£ĿޣʯΪģһѰֻҪôҵǲġʮʱ䣬Ծһһ˶ߵĺɫʯ棬һֲֲ
ǰҵˡû̽ժкԶĺš
ԵҲ˾Խ
Ŀ΢΢һЦֵܣ治ǽ֮ʱ仹죬ѾһȥջǲĸҪ١
ǰҷֵģӰɱġһһһ룿Կźŵ
ЦŰ˵ĺöȷʵҲõֵ˵ⷬǿˡҷֵҿ϶ʲС
ˣֵܣ㽫ǼѰҡż˵
ҲáԵͷҲûټһҪһ롣
Ĳժܼ򵥣ⶫĸЧǿڲժʱעⲻҪ˸ûʲôˡܿ죬Ծͽ˳СĵķЯһƤ֮ڡ
ֵ֪֮ܿصأʾԡ
أԿ˿ţҡҡͷ֮ʲôأԻ治֪
ݼѰһЩлҲȻ顣
ԣֻг֮زУʯͰӰҲǳ֮زС֮أôأ磬Ҳֻһ֮ء۾˵
ǰ֪֮ôγɵģ˳ʵ
˵һЩҲ֪١ţ֮һЩǿߵ֮ءЩǿȻѾȥǵ̫ǿ̫ǿˡʬĵطʱƣҲ𽥵ķı䡣֮ԭӦҲӵġ֮أǱЩǿߵʬӰ죬ŻݱˡЩӰ޵γɣӦҲйءŻ˵
Ҳֻż˵ȷ֮ؾɴ˶
ǿߣƷҲ𣿡̧Ŀʵ
磬˵ģǿҲǾƷҲˡׯ԰ׯׯǿߣҲûгԽƷҡȻǿǿھƷҷ֮ڡ
ЩǿߣǳԽƷҲεġǿߣ׵ȥ벻ͨ³һҡͷ˵
ͷׯ԰ׯǿߣǶǷǳֲǿˡȻҲǾƷҲΣҪɱľƷңҲǷ֮顣ǣȻͣھƷҲΡôԽƷҲεǿߣжֲ
ǺߣҲ޷ó


2713 
ʵϣ߿֪ܶγɵġڣҲͺһεߣ֪֮⻹иشڡ
һЩţʵԲߣû֤ܹ֤Щšİڰ֡
žÿԲߣȴΪ֮ػбȽϴĿܣЩɵۼǿߵǵءĻԪɵۼǿȻǺܶ࣬ȫҲһЩˡϸԪͣƺֻкøλɵۼǿ߻ڡһԪͣѵֻһøɵ֮λ
һЩ⣬Ҳ벻׵ġ˵һԪĵһЩɵۼǿߣôЩɵۼǿôأøǿֲޱȵʵֻʶһ֣;ޱȵĿ¡ĴڣΣղŻ䣿һԪ͵𣬵ʲôģ
ЩϢҲһͷˮɵҲȫ֪
һģһѰ
ʱһĹȥת۾ǹ˰¡
µʱҵ꣬ҲꡣʵǾԿԵúţУǲܷġԵ̫ǿˣбȺǿöࡣһЩʯδֵʱ򣬾Ծ֪
ջҲ⡣ٶȣµʱ򣬾ջӽʮˣԱһЩǰջǺܲˡ
ʱ䣬ŶԾԵĶҲǳһƷҲεߣѰʯⷽ棬ŶóöࡣžãѰʯⷽ棬жص츳
һգһÿһѰͻȻͣңԵɫҲǱùŹŶԾѾһ˽⣬״̬ĿҲһ
ֵܣǲзˣЦʵ
Ե˵ͷû˵
ʲôλżԵͷʶʵ
Գ˵Ҳ࣬Һ񿴵һЩʯ
ֵѰϵǵţԣһЩʯŶȻʶ˵ĲǿһʯһЩʯ
֮ǰʯһһġȻˣܶʱ㷢ʯҲҲġΪʯֻŸⱻпѾ֮ǰ߲֮ժ˵ġ
ţһ飬ӦáͦġԿš
ͦࣿߣȥԵȷϣصĵ˵ͷ
ûз£˺ܿͿʯ羰˵ģⲻһʯһۿȥмʮʯӵһ𡣿Щʯ̲סһ
ֱֱſ˶ʯҲޱȵĸӡ
ôʯʹŸӦûбժôʹ˺ܿһӲժʮ
ǣлһ⣬ǰӰޡչɣÿһĸһͷӰػмʮô
һ룬ÿ¡
ǰǰʱԺͺİӰޣǿҲ൱ƷҵƷҵӡÿһΣֻһͷӰޡĻҲûоʲôѹʵɱƷҡƷҲΰӰޣⲢܴ
һԼʮͷӰΧǿɾ͡
ֵܣֻǡӦҲ֪пľɣ˿תĿ˵
ٵľˣҪȻôأ
ǰǡ˻ƴҲźš
Σպܴ󰡣ڸͣһᣬ¾ͻΧܲܳȥͺ˵һΪѡ
ܴڼʮ
ߣǿ϶ǲ̫ĵġ⸽ѰңּΣգڰӰΧеļǺܴġǾԣֻƷҲεߣƷƷҲεİӰޣԶܻᱻɱ
ԵȻҲȫĿǡ
һҧֵܣŵùң˺һЩʯԶһطţһڸҡ⸽ڰӰȺϮ֮ǰ֣Ǿ׬ˡʱҵһһˡҵ֮ǰӰȺѾϮǾ롣
ȻãҪ
ǰҵȻŵù㡣ǰһҪСġҲûжɾ˵
˺һξ룬һһʯΪѰ
ԼĪʮʱ
裡裡裡һӰ޵ĵͺ˷


2714 
뾰׼ʱһƬİӰ޵ͺǲͷ
ŴʱδҵȺӰѾƽȻûʱѰˡ
ˣ뿪˵ҡҡͷ׼Ƭ
裡ں΢ʱһզӰӽߡ
ǰӰޣ
ͷӰ޵ٶȣǰʱİӰٶȶҪ죬ǿöࡣ
ãǿİӰޡжϣͨӰ޳̵ٶȣжϳӰ޵ľʵⲻ̫ѵ顣
ڽԶһЩĵطҲͷȻûӰޣǿĸ֪ԤӦмΣѾ١
ߣھ׼ʺεʱ򣬺һȴ
ŵĴ󣬾Ϳٶȳ˳һ̣Ҳ׷ںͷӰޡ
ߣǿİӰޡ棬мʮͷӰޡټ졣
ԲκεĳɣѸתڸӿռڵ񱬷
䣡ھԳͬʱֵʶͷȥ
ԿŵֵһͷӰ޵Ĺű˳ȥǿİӰޣƷҲε߶޷ֵЩģֿܿ˺ŵӰͷӰ޵ķ
ǰıٶȣͷӰҪһЩͷӰ޲סȺӰΧɱҪˡü
ºţԾòʣͬһߣԼʵƺҲﲻʲôæǿİӰޣɱƷߵģԼֻƷҲΣǸİӰޣܱܿһɱ
ֵܣĥʲôߣҲ˳ľԣŭȵùңûôױɱ
ǰЩж
ߣ뿪ҵĹ˼ɻһЩŴߴپԿ뿪
ԵͷٴαŷԿռһ̡
裡裡ھת̵ʱӰ޵ĵͺӾǰ
Ӱ޵ĵͺɫ䡣ӰӦ󷽲ŶԣͻȻ͵ǰͷתʶ鷳ˣЩӰȻǷ˺ţԣ֮ǰͷֳ֣ƵԼǰ档
ģ԰һ䡣
Ӱֳ֮ضеޣǻͬǷǳߵģһЩ򵥵ļı뻻һߣӰӰǴǰ
ֵܣҲ˾ߵŭĽһԼǿİӰ޲ס޷ﾰԡ
ʵϣŵĴǷǳգΪǿͷӰ޵ľٶܵصӰ죬ʱѾʮͷӰԷɢķʽ˹Թ˲ϾȻҲ޷ˡ
ɱңûôףһҧгŵؽһնǰһͷӰޡ
ԵͷӰޣʵǲرǿͷӰ޴ŶƷҵƷҵӡؽĽ棬׼նͷӰ޵ǰͷӰޱնõˣҲǺ˼һɨȥΪڶͷӰѾצԼ
ʱƷߣǲ̫ܵסڶͷӰ޹ġӰ޵ٶȺǷǳֲģһƷҲߣھѾʧȥƽ£̫жϳӰ޵Ĺ켣Ҳ޷ɹסӰ޵ĹǾԣȴؽĽͷӰ޵ϡ
ۣ弱ٵˣ˳ؽסͷӰ޵ĹǰӰǿƥҲþЩӦ
ҵƫһЩҵǿĻֻҪܴﵽƷҲΣҲɱͷӰޡԸ̾
ϵĲ㣬þԵƲܷӳӦеЧ˵ˣԿϵƣߣǲ̫±ΧġͬʱԶһЩӰ޵ĹҲܴݵĵסӰ޵ĹȻðӰϵ㣬Ӱһơ
ɱܣһߵֵͷӰ޵Ĺһ߼ˡ
ûʱ䣬žȫֿˡͷӰ׷ɱľԣЩǱƣͷʵƷƷ֮İӰޣĿǰҲɱԡ
ͷӰ׷ɱ˾Գһʱ䣬ȻͻȻĳߣӰ޷׷ɱԡ
գɱƷߣ϶ʮԺһµš


2715 ֮
ҲȷʵǼ͵ģǰӰ޵̫ǿˣֱӱӰ޻УҲˡƲϼأͺѼ̫ʱˡ
ԱͷӰ׷ɱǴڼûз֮ƣͷӰޣһֱӻо嶼ûС
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Ϊһֱ׷ɱҲ˲ȥ·ˣһʱĴӣԼҲ֪Լʱľλá
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ҡҡͷԴҲΪڣҲ̾ͷȥѰҺţΪܻܿȺİӰޡͷƷҵƷҵİӰޣǿӦİӰ޻ʵǿİӰޣǽͺ˵ˡ
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ȻûӦʲôΣմڣȥҲ޷֮ɽǷǳ顣
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2716 ɱ
߽еɱǺܼѵ飬ЩոմﵽҲεͨѾߴɱ䣬Ƕ˺ܾúܾòġ
ڣԲǷСָͷôһʹﵽ˵ɱٽ㡣־˵ЧԵȻǳϲ
ʵͨǴﲻЧģҵһ޴ģ˵֮ЧȻͨǿܶܶࡣԴʱû뵽һ㣬Ϊ֮ǰûֱʹùͨľ幦ЧҲ޴жϡ
ûнžͼ̷תڸӿռȹ̡оˣԲٴСָͷôС
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İӰѵ׷ңſһӰӴ󷽽ӽ
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ӰȻΣ໹һЩġ
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Ŀ⣬Լһ¹ׯ԰֮صĻƺ
ƺ֣ңŻӦ
벻֡ƺЦһ
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ſǾƷҲεߣʵǿڽ֮صУׯ԰ߣŵʵӦöǿǰġʵ֮£ǿİӰӦҲ˰ɣ
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ĪǿİӰޣƺȻʡ
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ڿǳǱƲءصӰʵϴĻܾͲ˵ôˡ
ӰȺ֣˰ӰȺӰȺûĵطӦûвƺ
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Ըźţƺ˶֪
ԡƺԣŵɫò̫ÿ
󿴵Եʱ򣬾ǱͷӰΧġԾԵʵǡ


2717 
ûۿԱӰɱԵʱο׶༪ˡ
ƺһŵı飬ҲͲ³˽
ƺҡҡͷ˵Сֵ̫ܵã˰ӰȺҲûа취ǰӰȺԺֵʵûġǾŷׯҲϹֺ㡣
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֣֮ǰӰȺǸطдĿж󣿡ƺһת
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2718 ߴɱ
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Ҳû룬ʯѰһξҲǷǳã಻ʮʱ䣬Ծͷһ

ڳ˵ѸĶܿ죬ܾ׼
˳ûκεˡ


2719 ɱǿӰ
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Ǿ׼ְɣǻʲôȥ͵뿪֮ˡӢתĿ˵
λǰǵԼҵǶλֻܵõе֮һſղׯ԰ˡ
ǰԼ¹ׯ԰˻֮ղׯ԰˻֮һķ䣬ǹƽģΪصǺŴҵġ
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ɱƺ죬һХŰӰȺ˹ȥ
ȻӢҲֳֳɱ˹ȥ


2720 ˶۸
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֣ǴӦǰɡƾ˵ĻԸȺӰޡһǺƻǿɾΣˡӢź˵
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ȻˣߣҲȫҲʡԵǼʮͷӰޣ뵲סӰеĹȷʵǺѵ顣˵ƶء
󹦸ɣղ֮صİ͡Ц˵
Ͽɣϣûаװ׵ɱʱӢ
ţֿҡ͡˵ͷڸ̽
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ҲҡŶԻƺӢ
ʯΪģһϸѰңֻҪڣҵֻʱ⡣
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ûɱôð
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ڲժ֮ǰһ¡ȴ˵
ֻʲôҪ˵̧͡Ŀʵ
Щķ䣬ð֮ǰõķ䷽з䡣֣Ƕλе֮һҡƺӢõе֮۾˵
ǴӲЩӰޱɱ֮ǰֿͬƽġںʳԣ͡һЦźʵ
ʳԵǰ㣡ǵõ֮һǿһ㶼ò
֣Ǵ˶۸𣿺־ˣԸ˺ܼ𣿡͡ʱû¶˿ŵɫ·˲ĺ˶ǳ֡
ôΪҲǿԡԷ˵ʲôԼ
̴ֵòǡҪʧˡ֣Ҫ˷Щǽа͡ߣͻȻӢ


2721 ԭС
ǰ͡δ䣬б㡮⡯һӡ
䣡
վںԵӢ߶ȫȻӶгݺݵ˺ŵϡ͡Ӣ˵ʱ򣬺ѾоӢԱߣ׼ӢͻȻûʱ䷴Ӧֵֵ壬ӢֱӾˡ
ھ޴ײ֮£ŵһʯ˳ȥ˽ľ룬ϺŶӢûгķһűش
Ӣʲôƺŭһ𾪵ĿӢ
ǺǡӢƺ
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㡭ˣƺԽܡ
ǺǣҲ֮ˡţУҲ˲پƷҲεߡǰ͡бۿŻƺ֣˷ֵĻÿ˶ܵõʮ
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ȣһߣ֮¼ѪɫЩҰס
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֣Ҳһϻˡ֣ɱǣȻ˷͡˵
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ЩϤ֮ǰӦ
ԼһЩٶȣܵĻ֮صĻЩѣͬĵطܹϸ΢ġ֮أֻҪԵһطҲϵó˵ҲεߣҲġ
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ţǰˣԺܿ˸֪
ʱ󣬾ԵߣѾܿǰӰ
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ˣ͡üͷһĿٽӽеľԡ
ӢҲüͷ֪˭Ǵ¹ׯ԰֮صļکǾЩѰˡکѣǼکˣǿ϶ŵġ
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ǳ˾޴ѹƺǺܼᶨվںߡ
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˵ʱѾܿԵòǿǾ֮˱鶼˲о޴仯
ҵ˭ԭƷСӡӢЦһ
Ǿԣҡҡͷ
ԭ֪Իţ϶ܸ˵ġʵ޷˵Դʱţһ֮Ҳͱˡ
ԣߣ˿žԴһ뿴Թ
Ե϶ԸŵġԾԵʵͰﲻϰæֻװ
ţʲôŵ΢΢һ㶡
ӽĹУûŵ˻ཻ֣ȻҲ֪ղǱߵ˺Ӣ֣ɱƺ


2722 Źͷ
ŵľʾ΢漴ʶ鲻Ծ
ô£ǰΣգǼˣѵԺǰ֣ü
ղžԻΪղǱߵֶԸӰȺġ
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ڵľԵȻǲҪŵıˣ˲Լ㹻ǿǰԼˡ
ʶſΣպ󣬾Բûߣ෴Ľٶȱøˡ
ֵܣΣգ뿪żԻڽӽٸˡ
ղǱߵİ̷͡˶ˣг¹ߵӢڼǾԺǾͲ̫ˡһƷҲεСӣ͸ı䲻ʲôˣһ˳֣һڸɵƷҲεľԡ
֣һЩˡԼͷˣȻ˼ѱСΣաӢҡҡͷȻڷ̺š
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ע⵽˺ŵƣȻֳԼû̫ܵӰ죬ȷʵأȫڸǲܵġ
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ֵܣôˣҲ뿪𣿡ε˵Ѿ˽ھҲˡ
ղ˻Ӣ²ٷž뿪ڸԼʱתԶȥǻüߡڣˣ
ǰҿȻҪкôǿղλҪ㲻̧Ŀ˿ղǱߵİ̷͡˶ˡ
лЩɻģ¹ׯ԰˵ģ¿ղǱߵˣ
Ǻǣֻǿղ󱲣ҲͰˡʹ޵ģӢͽ׺ݵĶӢһۡ
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ԶӢûκκøСӢ֮ǰԼս֮صʱ򣬾һָ߸ϵ̬ȽѵԼֻǵʱԼʵȷʵܵͣӢҲֻ
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Ӣ԰͡ô˵˼ð̷͡˶ԾԳ̷֡͡˶ǿղׯ԰ߣɱ˾ԣٵѹСܶࡣ¹߲ȥղׯ԰׷ɱ̷͡˶ĿҲͺܶࡣ
Ȼˣ̷͡˶ɱ£ҲһЩǵġǣҲ뽫ͷ֮һĳ¹ׯ԰̫ݡ
͡תת˿˵Сһ޹ءھʵʵĹ
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Сӣ͡У¶ɱ⡣
ɱԣһЩǣҲû治ɱĵزɱ˾ԣ¹ׯ԰Ҫ׷ǵʱȥղׯ԰ѰӾˡ࣬һЩԴۣſղׯ԰Լס¹ׯ԰ѹ
߲ϵġɨ˰͡һۡ
ǰӢ͵Ϯİɣֿʵ
ֵܣͲҪôˣϽ뿪ɣҲܴӳ֮سȥͽ¸֪¹ׯ԰ľŷׯˣΪұ𡣡ҧ˵
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ƺҲӸղûнӢ˵£ܿóȻԵĴһƺѡվںߣҲԭˡ
ǰƺǰǱҡڣɱȸս֮صʱǿˡƾɱҡЦ
ԵĻźͻƺЦҡͷԾڳ֮ͻвΣԭƷңҲƷҡƷҲߣεֵƷҲߣԾȻ˵ƾӢˣɱŵЩͷˡ


2723 һ
̷͡˶ӢԵĻЦ
֣Сǹ񰡣͡Ц˵
֪ߵغĶˣǾãԼǳ¹ׯ԰ڲԱׯ԰߲أΪԼݣǲɱӢЦһĵ
Ǿͱ˷ʱˣ㽫⼸˴Ȼ뿪̷˶˰͡Ӣһ˵
ɱоԵģǶԺšƺ֡˴ӣǡ̷˶ĿھԵϡ
ɱԲһе飬ò˶ʱ䡣
̷˶֣ǾͰ˵İ졣Ӣͬ⡣
ǰ͡Ҳ˵ͷ
̷˶һ𣬶˹ھ˷Ѹʱ䣬ȻѾҪɱ˾ԣٶȽ
̷˶ԾԳ֮󣬰͡ӢҲһ̾Ҫɱƺ
֣ǣư͡Ӣһ¾ԣܲһžӵŶԻƺ˵ƺߡ
ѵģҾɣƺֻô˵ʲôϣ˵žߣһˣҲһѶȡȻȷʵҲôŶ
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̷˶һƷҲεߣھƷʵȽģɱϾǾƷҡ̷˶Ծԣ˲һ
⼸֮У̷˶Ǿе뾰ԵؽӴʱʶˡϴĿֲҲܵļޡԵǿòֹһ
Ҫ֪ԵǿӰ൱ģ̷˶뾰ԱǵȻܡȻˣ㣬̷˶һǲһƻǿĿƵˮ©Χ
ģƷңǾƷңǷǳǿľƷҲߡ̷˶ˤڵϺ󣬴ŭ
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ǿң̷˶մӵͿԼֳ˹ɫ԰׵غ
ϣӢͰֵܹ͡ԡŵĽ棬ԼԶǾԶ֣ûаֵĻܻܿھԵС
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ԵĹǿһ㣬ڼ̵ʱ֮ڣΡ̷˶ټͣҲסĹ̷֮˶ſȥһϢ
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ҲɱǿİӰ޻ɱһЩ˵һ仰ǿӰޱϾٶȿ졣
Ե仰ӢͰ͡ͷƤ飬ȫ
ɱ̷˶Ҳûʱ䣬Ҳһʱӡһʱ˲඼״̬ǸûԤ̷˶ǾԵĶ֣ԵľԼȫͬʱǶһ޷ܡǳѹʱ̷˶Ѿ˾ԵС
˵ĻԻɱǿİӰޣǼˣǵǲɱǿӰ޵ġһǿӰޣǾֻѡߡ
ֵܡʵôôǿҲľګžԡ
ԾԵʵġ֮ǰ뾰ԾطӰȺΧʱ򣬾Ҳǰ밵Ӱ޽֡ʱľԣƷεİӰ޶ûԵơ


2724 һ
̶ʱ䣬һ˵ʵΪλô
֮ǰѵʵ
̫ܣȫûбҪôûҪʵԭ򡣶ҵʱҲôǿʵܶȡ
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˼ң벻ס˵ʱƷҲδﵽƷҲεĻȻҲܾˣܹ⣬߼ҲܽͣϾԵȷʵǳڣҪȻ¹ׯ԰߲ҲԾôӡʱƷҿԽƷңȫܽˡ
֣ʲôֵôǱһˣƺҲµġ
ǰһ̣ŻﾰԵ̷ֵ˶Ĺһߡǻû̷˶ͱˣǿǾƷҲεߣ
Ҳ֪ҡҡͷǵΣǽˡ
ŷǾԼҪڳ֮ˣ׼ȴû뵽ͻȻͷ·תľת
㡭ѵһֱʵӢЩҡ
ɾɱ̷˶ʵԲӢܹƥеġ˵һˣ֣͡ҲδǾԵĶ֡οԱ߻лƺͺˡʵȫӳƺʵûܵӰ졣
ӢͷͲҪ֪ôˡؽӢĮ˵
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㲻ɱңԣ㲻ɱңӢ˲ϵʹš
ֻǣĺסеؽڱؽ֮£ӢҲ̷˶һ㱻Իɱ
źͻƺ˿ӢɱҲûгȰ衣ˣӢǺ޵ҧǾͻȻ˶ӢղǶ֮¡ˣҲ޲ɱ
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λǰźͻƺ˹֡
ֵܣƺǰʵ࣬εǰ֮ƣƺ֡
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ܵÿ죡ƺЩ쵰һ嶼˵ͷ˵õ֣ȴˣıɱҡԣҿ㼰ʱҪȻҪԶ֮ˡ


2725 ˵ʲô
ӰȺȫ𣿡ʡ
ҲһЩӰ޵ʬ壬ȻҲǼʮ걻ֵ
ŵҵδЩֵӢַ͡ˡ
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ЩҲãǾֵ֣ܳûˡڣеٷЩƺҲҡͷ˵
֡֡˵Ҿǣǳϵġ⼸ʮǰǰӰȺҲģİӰҿһͷûɱҳ־ǣɲΪ˵õЩ԰ֵ
һ޴ν֮ջѾܴȻ˵ⶫ϶ǶƣҲֻԼ̫˽ˡ
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ֵܣӢ̷˶㵱ȻҪȫߡ﷢ֵļʮҲûйϵʱ㣬δؾܷǼʮʯһ˵طҲһֵġ˵
ֵܡ֣˷ʱҲû塣ҿɣ﷢ֵļʮƽ֡Ӣ̷˶ھֵܡ֣Ƚ׵ֵܣͲҪٶ˵ˡƺ
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ôһ˵ҲȻѹ֣Լһ֮нȾķԾ̶ʱ䣬ԼѾɱﵽߴɱ䡣
ȻˣֵܣǰֻƷҲεʵȴɱӢȾƷҲߡ㡭Ī֮Ҳ԰ͨʹյҪķѲٵʱ䡣һͨǾƷҲߣҲüȫյڳ֮صʱộֵ㲻üյ̺֮˫ü˵
ǣ֮ʹÿ϶ѣҲҪʱСƺҲͷ
λֳǣʱȷʵһЩ֮ҪȻôôʱʹﵽƷҲΣֻǡ֮ʱȻЩΣգƺҲ̫ѡ˵
һתʵҲˡԼܹôʹ֮ӦҲԼ幻ǿйءԼ壬ȫĿڸӿռ䣬ĸӿռһͬЧƽĽ̺֮ڵÿһӿռ䣬ȻͱȽ͡


2726 ʱ䵽
ͨߣ׼ÿһӿռ䡣
ŵȾƷҲεߣҲֻڷ֮Ʋָӿռں£ǵȻ˿Ĵ⣬һŲͿܱһüʱǱȽġ
Ҳˣڳ֮ڵʱݵʱʹԼҵԵ̫޴ˡ
ԵⷬšƺҡҡͷʵǶˣҲûùʹõľҲ˵ġ
ԽԼǷյڣȥ͸ˡ
žԽ޴İϣƺҲЩĽǶˣҲûмʣǵջѾԤˣ˵ƷҲܶ
ֵܣν֮أǷˡЦ˵
ЩͷǵϽ¹ׯ԰µģֻٲְɡ˵
ǵͷ϶ڳ¹ׯ԰ġǾֵ㣬ȴδءƺҡͷ
ŶԿƺ
ֵܣ֮֮ǰû˽ķ𣿡ƺһԱ飬֪Խ֮ǰ϶û˽صĹ
Ҳû˶˵Ц
ֵܣġڳ֮ջʮ꣬ôԼֻܵõеһꡣʮ겻ʮ꣬߿ɵõڳ֮صõڶʮ굽ʮ֮䣬߿ɷֵͲˣꡣõʮ꣬ԼԵõ֮ҵԽ࣬õıʾԽ󡣡ƺԾԽ͹
ƺ˵ûֵõ֮ǿܹ⼸ǧɡ϶еĴ󲿷֣¹ׯ԰ֻܵСͷҲͷ˵
ԭ׬ˡҲһϲ
֮Լܵõ󲿷ֵĻǻ㹻ԼɾŴɱˡ
ڳ֮أܴʮʱ䡣ʮ죬ӦûҵһЩԣҲ˷ʱ䣬ͼѰɡſ˿Ժͻƺ
˵ûƺ֣ͦصģǷֿѰղᡢǻߣΣյġ
־һɡں˵֮ǰ
ս֮صʱұֵܡڣֵֵܱˡҲûܾԼžһѰ
ƺԶ˵֮󣬱ˡнӽʱ䣬һЩĻҵģҲҵꡣ
ţһһѰ

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ǿ£̷˶ʵҲǼӾͱˡ
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ǸӢҲھˡҿܵÿ죬ҪȻ͡뵽Լܾڳ֮أֲһ
ˣԺжԶ߶ԶĹһǲҪӽΪá͡˿ܵĻ̾Ϣ˵ǿˣǼʮһֵģʲôûˡ֪Ͳͻˡ
͡ȷʵǺڵúܣ̫̰ˣҲֵܷӢ̷˶ǲ⣬ĲԼС
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µ޶ʱ䵽ڳ֮صľԵߣʼ½ķͨĽݡ
ͷׯ԰ׯԼ߲㣬ҲΣȴŴԼׯ԰֮صߴӳ֮س
ĳ֮ؿ֤ˣͬվڳ֮ڸ
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ȺУͻȻһ
˶תĿ֮صĴţֻһߣӵԾ
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ոմӳ֮ߣлһǻׯ԰ľƷҲߡ
лԾϺ󣬿˿ȺŲǻׯ԰ׯ˹ȥ
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Ҳ֪Ǻǻׯ˺͸ׯĿЩڳ֮ҵлԼӱõǰ򿪡


2727 ˳Ծ
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ǻׯˣšȻŷׯһׯԼڳߣҲȫл򿪵İ
˶֪лڳ֮ջ˶
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лֵܣǳãڳ֮أΪǲǻʮׯл
лׯ˸ҽ֮صĻᡣл΢΢ͷ
ţʮշɵõꡣ֮ȡȪͣȻصׯ԰ٰõӦׯͷ
סл
ׯ԰Ƚܣׯ԰֮仹ҪԱԵٵׯ԰ҪóһԼׯ԰ׯ԰
ϲϲׯǿź찡ʮܶˡղׯ԰Ķһׯׯϲ
һׯˣǿղջҲ١ׯӦ˵
¹ׯ԰ߵľŷׯû˵̾˿
¹ׯ԰ɳߣһƷҲεľԣԻϲ̫ܴ̫˵¹ֻĸׯ԰˱ȣ¹ׯ԰ջõ϶޷ղᡢǻˡ
Ȼ׼뵽Լĳ¹ׯ԰Ҫó͸ղͲǻᣬ˲Ӭһܡ
ǻһ߾ջʮʲôǱȰ¹ţ߳˵һ䣬ǹģ˵ʱ˿ŷׯ
ŷׯţ߳һۣû˵
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ֱָŷׯͽìͷָɵۡ
ߣԻõδؾٵġɵһ˵
ĿԴȾԳ㻹ʲô˵ţ߳۾˵

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ڶߣǱˣǴղ֮صİ͡
͡ߵղׯ԰Ķһׯǰ
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ׯˣҹ˿ղׯ԰Ρ̾͡˵
˵ʱҲ˳ֽȡǰ棬򿪰
͡õʮ꣬Ҳˡֵܷŵһҵν֮ջӦܳʮġ
ʮֵ͡ܣõܲˡղׯ԰һׯҲ¶ϲɫ˵
ţȷʵ١һׯͷ
͡ջȻȲǻǱߵлһ꣬ûʲô󰭡ĸء
͡΢ͷû˵ʲôûԶһŵ˷ֵļʮʵǲ̫˵£ԭû̷˶ֳ¹ׯ԰ǱߵӢĹʵݣֻܴʡ
ֵ͡ܣʮУꡣȻܺͿȡһˡһׯЦ˵
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͡룬һׯ̷֪˶Ѿڳ֮أ¾Цˡ
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ׯˣڳ֮ҵƺԼھŷׯǰ򿪡
ƺֵˡŷׯ˵ͷԻƺ˵
һġׯŻƺڳ֮ջ
ʮ꣡
ʮꣿׯ΢΢һ㶣ظһ֡
֣Щʮ꣬ǱȽʮ꣬˵ʵ˳Ծ


2728 Գ
ׯ԰ɳĽ֮صߣһ˵ʵ̫ڳ֮أջҲʮ굽ʮ֮䡣
γ֮ؿеܴʮӲ࣬رá
ƺİ֮жʮȷʵŷׯ˶󲻵¹Ҳ־ϲ
ʮղĶһׯüͲǻׯҲŻƺİƺôҵ֮ʵƺǿ󡣡
һׯЩۺ죬ղİ͡Ŵʮǳ¹Ļƺ˾
رãҵȺⶫû˵ׯ˵
ǰ͡߿˿ƺҧҧȻƺЩһӦġڣûа취˵
ƺֵܣŷׯԻƺ
ҲȽϺòҵһЩƺ˵մ˾ԵĹ⣬뵽ɱӢ̷˶ˣʱ˵ƺҲ̫ʡ
£ûɾ˵ʱֻҪ֤ˡ
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ƺֵܣ֪ڳ֮ص𣿡ɵ̲סʵ
ȷʵЩľԵҲ֪ڳ֮ûΣա
ֵܣƺ˿ɵۣҲ˵¹ׯ԰ӢŵԾԸա
ţһ֮ͬصľԡɵ۵ͷ
ˣ㲻صľֵܡڳ֮أʮǰֵܡƺ
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ڽһʱ½н֮صߴЩõʮ굽ʮ֮䡣
ʱţȫԽԽ
һʱŷׯ¹ׯ԰Ǳʲôǻׯ԰ׯžŷׯ˵
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ŷׯüҲЩǣЩ̫Եӡ
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֮أԺͺųڽݸ·ԭһ֮ǰʹ֮صģֻǾַ˼ʯŵʱ䡣
ֵܣǵץһЩˡʱЩţֻвһʱˡ˿ٱ֮У˵
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Ҳ֪ȹ֤˽ѰңԼͺžҪܺĳͷˡ
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֪˵ıٶȣڼʮʱ󣬾ͿԿˡ
ʮʱ󣬹Ȼݽ˵ߡǽһֱͨ棬Ƚ׷֡
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Ⱥ˽ݣԾ֮ϡ
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΢ЦžԣĵҲ֪Сӣڳ֮ҵ˶ܳʮĻţ߳Ǿ͸ñˡ


2729 ɱģ
ŷׯȥ
ͬʱİǱע⵽ˡ
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仰Ǿ춯ˣ˶һ˹ӡ
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ԣҪ֣ɵ۵˾һۣĳϣЦá
Ӣ̷˶ˣȷʵǾֵܻɱġǾֵ֣ܳҾҪˡа͡Ҳһݣֻ͡ÿ죬ҪȻҲڳ֮ءŷŭĿ͡
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2730 о
̷͡˶˴ǿղׯ԰ΪԺ֣⡣Ӣ¹ׯ԰ȴ̷͡˶ֶԺԼ֣̫ˣΪĶӡ
ӢΪ¹ׯ԰ĸ߲㶼̫ܷŹ
Ӣ쵰͵Ϯңû׼֮£ˡûˣƺֵܣҲ޷Ӣ̷͡˶ˡ˵ʵʱΪԼɣҲƴĴ㡣Ȼʱ򣬾ֵܼʱֵҲǼʹӢ˵޳ΪԳӢˡ
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ֵ͡ܣ˵˵ղׯ԰Ķһׯ԰͡
һׯ͡ٲԸ⣬ҲӲͷƤ˵ˡ
ׯˣʱȽϸӡһˣɹĽӰȺҲҵȺǣȴǲԸⰴǰ˵õķ䷽ˡ͡ƤȻҲǹġ
ֵ͡ܣΪβڸճ֮صʱ˵£һׯɫЩÿ
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ųϣǳ¹ׯ԰λϣֵҲǳ¹ׯ԰ĳԱΪʲôҾԾֵܱǿеأϴˣѵӦΪֵܸ𣿡ŷţ߳ϡ
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ҲǲãǾ÷˼ׯˣҲ֪ƷҲζ԰ɣҾʣһƷҲεߣôڱɾƷңţ߳ϹŲӵ
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ֻǴƷƷҲΣǻһܡƷֱƷңôͶͲͨģֱ췽ҹ̷һ顣
ˣȲ˵Եеȼ⣡ŷׯ
ƺֵܣ㵱ʱҲڳԺֵܵԴǣʲôĵطŷׯʻƺ
ׯˣֵ˵ģʵҲ֤¾ԲǾֵܵĴӢ̷˶ˣȷʵҲǱֵܻɱġƺ˵
ƺԸ֤ˡ
ǺãȻӢ̷˶Ѿ˳֮أô֮صʮߣŵʮ˾ȫ֮ˡ
λ֤ˣҲý֮ѰӢ̷˶ˡſ񺣵ȹ֤ˡ
񺣵ˣĬĬ˵ͷ
üžԣʱҲǺܸӡʱȥĸۡæܾ˾ԣǾԵʵ̫͡ڣãԼƺˡ


2731 һ˵
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ׯΪһΪջ֮
ŷׯһ¡
֡һ֣ǽһ˵ŷׯתĿһλׯ
һ̶һۣͷ
λׯߵһԡ
ŷ֣˵ʲôһγ¹ׯ԰õȷʵģǲ᲻ϡһׯ˵
ԣǻᰴԼóŷֵġׯҲ


2732 
ŷׯĿŶһ̶ˡ
Ϊ⣬ҺαҪλׯһ˵𣿡ŷׯҡͷ
ǾŷҪ˵£һׯͬ۾
һһ˾ʵµ˾ŷׯҪ˵ʲôֻǹװ֪ˡ
һ֣֡˲˵λѵΪԴӳ֮ش֮ǼٵģŷׯЦ
û˵ŷׯ˵λ÷ϣ֮ص˶֮أǼԪǿߵ֮ء֮⣬ٲҵֲңԴ֮;޴֮⣬״ͨǼƵġ
λǲȷ֮Ҳ϶ǾǼٵġ룬λк֮ġŷׯ˵
ӣׯͶһׯ˵ˡŷׯ˵ģһ㶼û˵Ե֮ǼٵģҲף˵֮ĿԸ
֮ûֲԽ֮صʱҲڳԲܴⶫ֮ٴƭˡ
λǶ֮ӦҲ뷨ɣѾڿǣδӳ¹ׯ԰жȡ֮Ϊ֮ׯ԰ֶԸҳ¹ׯ԰ŷׯ
ٺ٣ŷׯˡׯٺһЦ
ŷׯ̸ЩѵһЩ֮ׯ԰Ǿ̫лˡһׯüë
֮ģǷͬСɡŷׯȻѻ˵ˣҲ˵һ㡣ǻͿղᣬų¹ׯ԰õ֮ȫԽׯ԰ġׯ
¹ׯ԰ֻǶõһЩͨǵҲûʲôһЩҲӰ쵽ǻͿղĵλһЩͨó¹ȡѹԵơ֮ǾͲͬˣܹ֮ó¹ׯ԰һȪģ̫ˡ
¹ׯ԰ȪȪǿղׯ԰ǻׯ԰ô¹ׯ԰
λǾǲģҲֻܽܡ֮ǰӦҲƣΪֻƷҲʵľԽ֮ذɣŷׯĵ
ԲǾƷҲ𣿡ׯü
ڳ֮أɱӢ̷˶Ʒߵġ
ǣȷʵƷҲΡŷׯҡͷ
ŷ֣㵱ɵ𣿾ƷҲεߣɱӢ̷˶ˣһׯЦһ
ȲҪ˵
Ʒңԭûκδһ֮ġȻڳ¹ׯ԰ʶȷѡ֮ǰ˽ˡˣǳȷҪҸһ֮صֻܽܡ
ΪһɾһЩϵ٣˺ܹעСѡԣһⶣڳ֮Ӧԡйϵȴڳ֮أ˿ܻ᲻˰ɡ
ڣλӦ֪Ϊҵ֮˰ɣȻˣӢ̷˶˵򡣡ŷׯĿ˵
ŷׯԣׯͶһׯɫ䡣
ŷ֣˵ģһׯ
һ֣һýƭ𣿡ŷׯ˵
ׯͶһׯٴζһۡŷׯĻʮֵ档ˣʲôĵߣˡˣôעһССƷҲأ
˸ŷׯǷˣҲԲý˵ƭˡŷׯ˰˳Ļ棬Ҳضġ
Ұվŷׯһۣƺһо˵ͨˡ˰аﾰԣԻ֮Ȼ򵥡ҪӢ̷˶Ҳǵָ֮顣
ׯͶһׯʱЩˡ
ǽվھ֮һٸӣҲԲԵ֮ˡǳ¹ׯ԰ߣ¹ׯ԰õһ֮Ҳ޷ġ
ͷóġ
˽֮󣬻صȺ֮С
һ֣֡Ǽһ¸ׯ԰õɣ֮⣬ͲˡŷׯЦŶԶһ̶˵
ׯ԰̫ˣׯ԰ɳ֮صõǾһȻǳ¹ׯ԰ڶǲǻׯ԰ǿղׯ԰ղׯ԰һˣͱȲǻׯ԰ʮҡ


2733 ôθ
ǻׯ԰Ҫó͸¹ׯ԰ղׯ԰Ҫóֱ͸¹ׯ԰Ͳǻׯ԰
һγ֮ؿղׯ԰ջ١ջ٣ȥһƷҲε̷˶̷˶Ȼǿղׯ԰ڲԱҲǿղׯ԰ߡһׯ԰ǿ񣬲Ҫڲжǿߣÿжǿߡ
˵ͷׯ԰֮俪սôǿ߲սĿҲܴ󡣱˵¹ׯ԰ͷׯ԰սߺпܻսȻˣҲ϶к߲ܶԸսô˵ׯ԰ĸ߲㣬ȻϣԼǿ߸ࡣ
ׯ԰ջȽ֮ׯ԰㿪ʼԸԻȡз䡣
¹ׯ԰ߣһ˾ͷֵԴ˺⡣ƺֵکֵԵЩ⣬֮ĻӦǷֵʮһǣⲻ֮ԣ¹ׯ԰ֻͨҲڵһλġڣϵԶֵı͵óׯ԰;Զܽܵķˡ
ŷׯׯ԰һڸ߲Ͼԣеһ
λǾһɣӦ÷ֵŷׯĿ⻷˵
Դʮ꣬չӦõõʮһһ̾˵
ֻͨĻȷʵӦõõʮһǡﻹһ֮֮ͨǶٺʣɵ΢˵
֮ͨǧӦö߹ֵǧͨǾֵܷıʿɾǾԵĴͷˣ¹ׯ԰ֻܵõһС֡
ʲô֮ⲻǼٵһׯׯ˵Ǽٵˡţ߳ϵ۾˵ʮһѾܶˡֻһˣҪôʲô˵ŵ˻һǳ¹ׯ԰ߣׯ԰ѵ
ţ߳˵ʱֱӾ˾ԣ¾Ծ˵
ţ߳ϵ˼ǲ֮ļֵ𣿡ɵЦţ߳ϡ
ԣӦʲô֮οⶫǼٵġţ߳϶Ȼ
Ҳԣԣһ֮Ҫˡţ߳ϵ˼֮Ǽٵģ㡣µֵͨʮһ꣬Դû飿ɵžԵ
ɵۿɲΪ֮Ǽٵġ
ͬ⣬û⡣ԺԥЦ˵
֮ǼٵģǺǡ
ôУһ֮ǼٵģҲӦýׯ԰ׯ԰ϸı֮˵ţ߳ϵֵ
ü˿ţ߳ϡ
ţ߳ϣ¹ׯ԰ɲһˣ˵ǲ㡣ŭ˵
ţ߳ϣǰڳ¹ׯ԰ʱͶڣ˻û˵ʲôŪԼ֮
ԣô˵ģǾƷҲߣҲУţߣׯ԰λϡΪɵۻ㣬֪ܲˡţ߳ѵ⾰ԡ
˵ʱܴڽԶȺţ߳ϵǶתĿߣһЩ˸ƺǵſЦ
ţ߳ϣȲҪżׯŷ˵
Դӳ֮ش֮Ӧġŷׯ˵ǣͰֵ֮ɡ
ԣӦ÷ֵŷׯƤ߸˾ԡ
ԣŷׯҲϣ¹ׯ԰ܹõ֮ͨǣׯҲùһЩ˵ԱվŽˡ֮ǽŸҵģ¹ׯ԰̫ѿĻ˿϶Ӧ
ŷׯĻԳ
Ҳׯ԰塣
󣬾˵֮ڳ֮صʱ򣬱ҷֳݡ룬ңһϽׯ԰ɡͨͶҰɡ
䷽Ǻܴˡϸֵܷʣķ䷽ʽߡ¹ׯ԰ߣҲֵܷ֮һҡڣòˣǸׯ԰֮һˡ
ԵĻŷׯû˵ʲôڳׯ԰ǣţ߳ϣڳĸ߲һɫѿȻΪԵθҲ̫ˣһ˾ȻԵͷôԣ
ԣСӺôθڣ㲻˵Щ̫쿪㵱ׯ԰ؤ𣿡ţ߳ϵЦһҡͷ˵


2734 
ԣ̫ˣһ¹ׯ԰Ҳ˵
ׯˣҿɣ֮ģôͰʮָͨԡһλϿ˵
˼ǣ֮ģǾͽԴָͨԡ֮Ȼǹ¹ׯ԰
ԵɫҲ
ڶλϷ֮󣬾ŷׯҡҡͷ
ҿͰķʽְɡ֮֮һׯ԰ͨׯ԰Ҫŷׯ԰ˡ
ׯ˵أŷׯǰһ仰˵ֿ֮ׯ
ׯҲ˿ŷׯ˵ʵҲþԽ֪һ£Խþŷׯһ֮صҲɣܵõ֮ǲǽ˰жֽšˣׯ԰ǿж˾Ե֮ǻýŭɣ
תׯ֧ׯ˵ľ
ׯ͸ׯͬ⾰ķ䷽ʽڳĳǣ¶ŵı顣ɵۣȻϣԵõԽԽãҲû뵽ׯŷ͸ׯ˸ɴͬ⾰Ե飬ЩѰĪǣлʲôԼ֪飿
ɵ۲֪Խٳ¹ׯ԰ܲ
ׯˣҲͬ⡣һˣҪôʲôôһׯ԰Ȼõһ˶ࣿţ߳Ϻǳ˵ⷬ
ţ߳ϣ㻹ǳ¹ׯ԰ׯɣׯ˵ľֵõ񶨣Ҳŭˣ
˶ҿҪˣţ߳һɣ׺ݵžԺǳ
Ǻǣţ߳ϣѹңǲܡʵѹңҿԸ㣬Ҳţ߳ԡ
˵ʲôţ߳ҲǿƹˣûӦԵ
Ȼŵ˵ڳ֮ɱӢ̷˶ƷҲεߣţ߳Ǳʶлûþжǿ
Ȼˣţ߳ϵʵȻǺŵܹȵġţ߳ϣھƷҲǷǳǿġڳ¹ׯ԰ǿƵλ֮һɲΪµǿ˵ʵͬǲɻȱء˵ʵУǺסλϡ
˵ʲôѵûҲίߵġ
Ȼ˺ˣԾһЩҲʡЩϼԼ֮⡣ҲڶԼ֮˿϶ܶࡣг¹ׯ԰ģҲġǼǿߣ֮ؿĹ֤ˣ϶ҲŸ˼
㡭Сӣţ̡߳
ׯˣҲˡСӣׯ԰Ѱߣλְǣ͸Ҷˡׯ԰ɷӦõõΰɣţ߳Ͽŷׯ
ţ߳ϣǻȥ˵ɣŷׯ˵
кܶء
ׯˣôžԿɲʣô˵Ҳׯ԰λϡƣţߵķţţ߳ϲġ
ţ߳ϣҲҪˡң԰ھҵ뿴ûгҵʵԺĴ
쵰ˣңţ߳Ǻˣ첻㣬ͷ֮ŭ
ţ߳˵䣬ѾǽԼȡ˳ҪԾԳ֡
ţ߳ϣʲôɵ۵ȻҪΪԳͷ
ʵţ߳ϡҪţ߳ϿܻĶ֡
ˣ֡ţ߳ңҵ뿴ôң˵
£ԽؽҲУţ߳϶š
ʲô
ƺҪˡ
ţǳ¹ţ߳ϺǸԡ
ֿˣȻҪ
ԼֱǷˣԼׯ԰λϽа塣㱻ɱˣҲҵġţ߳ϣǿǼΪľƷǿߣ
ղׯ԰Ͳǻׯ԰ˣԶһЩׯ԰ׯҲ˼߽һЩžŷׯ˵ĻԺлء
Ա¹ţɱˣǽɾˡһ֮ׯ԰ϣõһЩˣ֮ӦҲᴥŭˡŭҲӦֻţ˲Ŷԡ
񺣵ȼ֤ˣԶ˹
ţ߳ϣ侲һЩŷׯȰţߡ
ׯˣҪңͱҳ¹ĳˡţҲǿƲסԼŭˡ
ֳ꣡Աƽȥ
ɵۣҲת׼ֹţߡǣٶȸ죬Ѿһţӭ˹ȥ


2735 ײ
ţ߳ϳʱҲʮ㡣
ԵȻţ߳ϵʵԲǺŵܱȵġȻǾƷҲεߣɺŵֻ㣬ţ߳ȴľƷҡ
˵ţ߳ϵʵҲǿŵϺˡ
֮Уʵǿһˣƾͷׯ԰ׯˣֱǾŷׯׯͶһׯѡߵׯ԰ׯʵǿͲ̫ܱѡСʵ㣬Ƕסµˣͳׯ԰ׯ԰໥أ
Ȼǿˣƽʱ߶ҲһЩ¼ʱǲŻṫ¶棬֮ؿǿߣʵʵӦׯ԰ׯӽġɱׯ԰ׯҲδսʤǿߡ
֮ׯ԰ׯһģׯ԰ׯʵͨһΡߣ϶Ǵ򲻹ŷׯ˵ġɱǿܾͻᱻɱ
ڸׯһ֮£Ҫׯ԰ĶλˡλλϵȻʵҲкܴĲ࣬ţ߳λ֮зǳǿġţ߳ϣڳ¹ׯ԰ڲλ֮УսҲǰеġ
ԣһĻţ߳ȷʵڣŵϺŵġ
ʱľԶսţ߳ϣҲû˿η塣ֳؽǰɱٶȣǲţ߳ҪһĻڳǿ߶Ŀࡣ
ܶ˾ã̫ˣȫţĽࡣ
Ȼǰŵ˵ڳ֮ɱӢ̷˶ˣǱϾ˶û˵㾰ɱ̷˶Ӣʵ˵Ǳʶ֮УҲΪţ߳ϵƷҲ濹⡣
֪ţ߳ϵǿΪ֮Уţ߳һ㲫ɱԣһ½ðͷСӰˡԣʲôţ߳ƴɱ
һ֣㿴ôһ£⾰ԣôȥһ㲻ţɱǻׯɫԿղᶡһׯ˵
ˣǶϣţ߳ϵСǾֳ̬ȴ˸е⡣ų¹ׯ԰ľŷׯѾ˵˾ԵҲžŷׯĻӢ̷˶ܾǽԳָɵġԣҲƷҲΡĻԵĵţ߳ϻ๥ɱ
ԲӦžŷׯԿţ߳𣿻У¹ׯ԰εҲǷǳžԡֻҪŷׯε߿ţ߳Ҳûʲôϣɱԡ
һׯҡҡͷ
˵Ŀ⣬ھԵϡ
ԻɵӰҲǳ˹ȥ׷Ͼԣ¾Աţ߸һɱˣĶԾԺ
ŷׯҲ˶ŵţߣס֣˾ԣ޷ܵģ
ŷׯǷǳģʱţ߳ѾʧǣֻŪԡ
Сӣɣ½֮󣬼ǵòҪôˣţ߳нħʽݺݵž
ǿޱȵÿԵ𶯡
ûжܵļеؽֱӾţ߳ϵĽħȥ
¡
˵ײһһ춯صľ죬֮
һײǴӲӲȵľǸǿ
ľ֮УԵ˼ţ߳ϣҲǵ˵ĺ΢΢Щء
ţ߳ϵһ˫۾ɵøˡһνţ߳ԭͷޱߵŭ𣬾ͺһӱһ㡣侲ˣ
ֻУȴľˡ벻ͨ⵽ô¡ΪʲôΪʲôԵǲţ߲١
ʱľԣҲڸӿռײڵĸӿռҲ΢΢𶯡
ţߵʵȷʵǱ̷˶ӢЩǿöࡣҵҪİӰ޻Ҫ΢ǿһ˿Ǳţߣȴһ˿Ҳô£ɱ¹˭ֻδ֪תͷţߵν󣬾Զţߵսжϡ
ţܸţߡƿɲǿԵ˹켣жϡǶţߣҲаս乥ȫסԼķţȴǲ̫ȫס˵ֻҪţߵ޷γɾԵѹԾͿڲ֮ء
⡭
Եʵǲţ߳
ôܣô˭ܸңԵʲô

ڳߣԼ˼άЩסˡţ߳ϣǿ綼ǿŵϺŵĴڡ


2736 ţ
ɵȻҲͣľȫһ
СӣʵѾôǿ𣿡ɵе뷨
ڳ֮أļڿȷʵǴﵽ˾ƷҲΣһǺǿľƷҡһɵҲָտɴɵ۰𾪡
ǰ֮ؿɵŪһ֮صϣģǾܹŪѡֻܵõҲڽһʱþͻͽ
ŷׯģ֮ǰרҶһ˵˵ʲôӢ̷˶ӦڽСأչֳɱ̷˶Ӣȷʵɡ
¡һҪ˵ĻˡŷׯпЦ
УѾţ߳Ϸˡ
ţ߳ϷŭĻѾϨԼǷҪ뾰ԽѾʼ˼ˡǾȻûаֵ˼ھʱ򣬾ԵһιѾϮɱ
ʲô
ٶȡô֮죿
ţ߳ϵ۾ųľԣҪԵĹ켣ȻֵɾԵĹٶȿ쵽ЩӦҹ·߹죬ǳжϾȷ
飡ţ߳Ͻ߾ȫſýħסؽ
ԼԾԵֹЩġ
ת˲֮󣬾Է˵ι
Եĵڶιţ߳ӦѾǿԾԵĵιţ߳϶λáԵĵιţ߳Ϸһŭ𣬵ȻûܳɹסؽĽУϡֵԵؽζԲܣѾ˾Ŵɱ䡣
磬ŴɱɱˡŷׯľƷҲߣɱҲǾŴΡ
ͣţ߳ϵ˵Ŀע֮£ն˳ȥ
վǼǿľƷҲߡһλ壬Ʋأܿס塣
ɶ񣡡ţ߳סԼҲɱ˹ȥ
ʱȻѾû̫뾰ɱͷҲһֱȥҪ
ȻεǣֱԵؽĹ޷ؽķھٵ£ԾԸͲɱˡ
ţ߳ϣʵҪңˡסţ߳ϵĹ֮󣬿˵
£ԵĹ籩һٴչˡţ߳ϵ壬ϵıؽֱӻУȻ󵹷ɳȥһΣţ߳ϻܿס̫ĻټͣҲᱻٵ
ţ߳ϣǾԶְ
ŷׯ֮ǰǸǣֻƷҲ˵Ӣ̷˶˵ǽ˳֡ǳ¹ׯ԰ţ߳Ҫξԣǻˡ
һׯׯԼƭˡŭ֮£Ҳûô˼ˣֱӾͽЩ˵˳
ŷׯ˿λҲʵڲ֪ô¡ΪԼ⵽ô¡
ׯˣԵĹٶ̫죬켣Ҳǹ졣Ҹоﵽ΢ĲΣƺܹǳ׼ʹиӿռҲĹܹ಻öֵòϢĻᡣׯھŷׯߣͳ˵
ǰƺרΪսġ츳Ͳ˵ˣս츳˵ŷׯһ
ŷׯһ仰û˵þԵս񡢼εЩơ
ţ߳ϵȾԻҪ΢ǿôһ˿˿ɱţ߳ȴȫơνҪûˡŷׯ˵һ䡣
ţ߳Ҫǲ䣬Ҫɱׯü
ׯ˵¹ׯ԰λϼʶĵͷ֮صˣߣھţ߳ϵսҲӣǵȻܿó˼ɱȥĽĥҲĥţ߳ϡ
ͣԣס֣ţ߳ѾǵˣԾԺ
ôţ߳ǲ𣿡ţ߳Ϻֺͣ󣬾˼һûмţߡ
ⳡսҲˡ
ҲףԼɱţ߳ϣѶȻǺܴġţ߳ϵ̫ǿˣɱȥɱţߣҲúķѽϳʱ䡣ףԼ˼֡һΣɱţ߾Ͳˡ
ţ߳ϺûлӦԡþ֣ͣѾˡô棬䣬ƾǽҲǾûġ


2737 
ͷһ£̧Ǿ̫ˡ
䣬ţ߳϶ǷǳѵľɣʧǴ˻ѡ
գţ߳ϱǾĵʯ
ڳ֮ؿ֮ȻѾһЩǸʱ߿ԣӡʵֻһš̶ʱڣʹӽΪһҲεߣ˽ֵʱľԣȻǴﲻθ߶ȵġ
¹ׯ԰ڲ߲㣬ҲԶԶûнԿԼƽƽߡУֻһĺ󱲶ѡγ֮ؿ֧־Իýֻ֮ɵۺ÷ˣһҲܿׯ԰߲ԾԲء
ھȫһˡ
Իţ߳ϣңɲ˽ǵŶǿ߻ׯ԰ׯԼڶׯ԰λϼ
һս߳ϾԵʵ
֮紫ˡ
ǰӴԺ󣬻˭֪ܲأ
֣ٶδŰ
ǳ¹ׯ԰ĳԱ¹˾ԣʵ׳һЩ
ڳߣ鶼޷ƽ

֮ׯ԰ߵ֮һλԴˣû˰ɣŷׯٴοڣĿ⿴ׯ԰һڳϡ
Ƕû˵ŷׯׯķ䷽ʽԵʵǿù֣ţ߳϶ܡΪʵǿׯ԰߿ǿһЩҪԽ󲿷ǵȻˣ뷨вͨġ
һڳ϶û飬ŷׯŲλ֤ǰÿγ֮ؿͷׯ԰ӳ֮ػȡҪֳһЩ֤˵ġǹ̶ģׯ԰һ
ûʲôرˣ֤˵õԼһҲ½뿪ˡŵȽ֮صߣҲԵõԼһݽȻˣЩ֮ûм뿪ǻҪԼׯ԰ׯ԰ǿԴׯ԰ٻȡһȪ͡
͵Ķ٣Լڳ֮صõֱӹҹÿһܶõȪ
һ֣֡Ǿʹ˱ɣλׯ֮شŹر֮󣬾ŷׯλׯ
ŷׯ¹ׯ԰ջ̫˰ǻׯл˵
һЩһγ֮ؿͻڲǻׯ԰ǱߡŷׯЦһ˵
ǺǡׯÿɷЦһ
һׯ˿ԣֿ˿ŷׯû˵
ŷׯų¹ׯ԰ˣкŵ뿪֮¹ׯ԰ϻء
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֣Ǿۿų¹ׯ԰õ֮𣿳¹ׯ԰õ֮ȫٿȪȪ۰ʱׯ԰ĴǳΡһׯ˵
Ȼǲġ¿ǣˣʲôׯ̾Ϣһҡͷ˵
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ţȷʵԺܴ󡣵ǡһׯĲġ
һׯʲô뷨ׯŶһׯ
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⸽ֻׯ԰ׯׯһĸڡ
ǿеĻҵҲ붡һֺׯ˵
ǾͺãǿԺúʱ仹㡣ŷ뿪ٳµȪȪۣҲҪϳʱ䡣ʵڲУǿһ¼λǿߡȻˣҲ̽̽Ǳ߻᲻ʲôһׯҧҧ
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ׯ԰ڵ೤ǣѾǰӭ
ׯˣׯǻˣ÷ϵˣŷׯһȺ˽ӽӭǰʺ
ţˣŷׯͷ
һȺֱӾͽׯ԰ãںŵȼˣҲרŵĳϸӴŵˣֻҪʱͿõȪ͡


2738 λ
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ھŷׯ¿ʼ֮ǰٳΪʲôҲá
һ£µģǳϼʱϰˣ֮⣬Ҳλϵݡ÷ҲãƺԵø롣
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÷ҲڶʣǶԾԻõʲô⡣Ҳ֪Ի˶ܴʮͺ˲ˣԼֵܷǺˡ
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λʱ򣬾ŷׯˡ
һ˵ȫǰԺ÷ˣҲ̲ԣĿ⿴ŷׯ
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ϜׯӢѾڳ֮ˡŷׯԱϜ˵
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һΣǳ¹ׯ԰õׯ԰ġԣ󣡡ŷׯ˵
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ŷׯͻȻð仰˶Уƽؾһ㡣Ҫ֪ׯ԰ڵλϣǴλһġֱӽΪλ£֡ǳ¹ׯ԰ͷׯ԰Ҳǲ
ңҪΪλϣҲҪһҪﵽƷҵеȼƷҲΣôܹϣһλϣ
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һڳ֮أջһ֮ңϽ֮һ֮ׯ԰ĹͣλӦ֪жⲿ֮ǳ¹ׯ԰ͿɿٳڶȪȪۡпܣٵȪȪۡŷׯ˵
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ڳĳУҲû֮ǻ֪ȪȪ۵Ĵ봫е֮йأû֮ҵ֮ϣׯ԰úڳ¹ׯ԰ĳϣҲֻ֪ׯ԰ȪȪ֮ǽ˸¹ׯ԰ġ
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ׯˣԴ֮ôϽ֮һׯ԰ѵһˣ֮֮ôУʶľ˵ⷬ
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2739 ʶ˲
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Ҹղ飬ֱӽΪׯ԰λϣҶԴǷ飿ŷׯ֮ǰĻͷ
ҷԣϜׯ̾վԡ
Ϝׯ˵ķɡŷׯϜ˵
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ׯˣ²ԺɡԻᣬĳɾͿ϶ߡʵﵽˣҾͲᷴλˡ
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Ϝׯҵһ㣬ӢƼѡ
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仰ôϜׯˡϜ˵ĻɡԣŷׯȻҲˡ
ǣϜׯֻܳƵӦ
γ֮ؿУΪׯ԰´󹦣ʵȫ㹻λԾԽλϣǷ飿ŷׯתĿȫ
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ϣԴ˵ȻҲڴ˵ԲԼڼġҪǾͻţҲׯ԰ĹԴ
ͬ⣡лׯˣͬⵣׯ԰λϣ˹˵


2740 İ
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ʵϣ㾰ڲͬⵣλϣŷׯҲ취þԽְԳ¹ׯ԰кôйϵ¹ׯ԰ڽܻܿҪһⲿѹ
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ѵ㵱Լʵ𣿡÷Ҳò̫ܣʵ벻Ĵˡ
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ʮʵԿһ¥Ȼʹﵽ˾ƷҲΣս֮ţλϻһġ
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ԣׯָõһ֮صǽ˵Ҫ󡣡ɵ۶Ծ˵
ɵۿʼʱҲ֪ׯΪʲôҪþԽ֮أҲǺѯʾŷׯŵõĴ𰸡
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ţĽǺøɵ˵
ЩԾ֮ǰ֪Ĵڣɵ˵֪ĽǻԪĺø
ѹ֣øûԪ߽罵
ˣԭøҲˡԵ˵ͷ
ˣȷʵĶкܴڳ֮ҵ֮ҲǽеİŰɡɵ˵
ʵϣøûκΰţܷ֮ȷ֮ڣκΣգһδγ֮ؿʱûҵһڡ
ԣҸоҲϣܿﵽɵۼܸоƺһӰԪ򡣡ɵ۶˶ֵ


2741 ѹķʽ
ɵ۵ڻԪʱ򣬾һԼԤУҲֻʵĸоһЩϢ
Աø͵磬һʼɵ۾Ϊøôġƺø׼ʲôøһԪ;ʹڵ֪һЩһԪ͵컯ɵ۶
ǻǽİаŰɣԵͷ
Ҳ֪Լڳ֮ҵ֮ǲǺøİţøԼĳ֮أһЩƺҲҪǣȷʵҲûоԼҵ֮ʲôѶȣһж̫˳ˡ
ǰҴӳ֮شֳ֮֡һָǳ¹ׯ԰ԼһС֮ǰ°ɡٴδƤ
ɵۣҲ߽һЩŰھ޴֮
Ҳǵһμ֮
֮ⶫǿžĿɵ΢΢һЦ
˿ڵ֮ȴܾԵ롣
ԣ֮ԼʹðɡҲϣܸɵۡɵ˵
ǰһ͹ˡԵ
δأɵۣ̫̫ˡԣٶܹ֮죬ҶԴҲ˼Ҵף崿һǳ߰ɣڣǲ޵úԶԪô󡣵崿㹻ߣҲб󼰵ơôﵽҲΣĿܾɵ۵塣ɵžԻ˵
ҵȷʵ覡Եͷ
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ͶˣѡĥǵģӦò崿ȡ棬ӦҲбûеơңҲûеơɵ˵
Ȼ͸Ӧ㹻ԴˡңѾһԤУҼûϣɵ۵ġɵҲЩΣȻҲɵۣʱӳԼɵ۵ϣã֮Ҳʵܼǿˡ
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ڵϳΪɵ֮Ͳʧȥɵ۵ϣԵδﵽǸΣҲΪˣøŻΪ˾ԷôĹ
ǰ֮һһ롣ûǰҵļͲڡǰҪе֮ҲԵ
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ûбҪ뿪¹ׯ԰ԭ£ǲҪ̤ׯ԰ׯ԰ڣ˵չǰȫһЩʵȻǿЩǿȣ໹ǲСġ˵ǿˣǼͷׯ԰ĸׯǵսҲʤһءɵ۶ԡ
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ɵ˲̵ʱ䣬ҲʮͨɵۡɵֻۣԸʮ÷µһ
Ӣŵ뿪󣬾ԱֱȥׯвˡƷҲεƷҲΣԹȫѹķʽֲͨһҲ˲ʱʱ䡣
βԹ̣ׯ⣬вٳҲڳۿˡǣҲۿ˾ԵǿǲǰٷְžǾƷҲΣţ߳ʵˡ


2742 Ƥ
磬ҪԼʵϿɵĻеȼϵĽнֱЧ·
ͺñȣڳ֮ɱӢ̷˶ƷҲεߣ֮ţ߳Ͻ֡ͨսƺҲ֤ʵˡЩûۼƷɱˣδؾͻϾʵ
ΪˣԲרׯԼĵȼ
Գϣ˵Ǹоƻá˵ʵǴʱ˿̣š
ս¹ׯ԰ʱҲζûдﵽ̶ʱȥǾƷҲˡׯҲЩꡣ
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ƤҲǹġ˵ЩԾҪ÷ġ
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ꣿֻ갡ðɣҲøˡϳ죬ƣƺǶ÷Щӡ
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öǺöڣõԴⶫˡ÷ܺãҵһҾͲˣˡϳվǡ
÷ϣͳԼס


2743 ڮ
뿪÷ס󣬲δԼľ˾Եľ
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˰죬ԼҪ
֪ϵ󣬾ҲǸоλϳϵƤġ
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ԳϣһĻЩϽӹ󣬿˵
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󣬾Ա㽫ϳͳסϳ뿪̾˿ҡҡͷҲЩΡ

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һϣϳǰ֤Ϣα
֣˵ӾԳϺ÷еõгĽʡ
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÷Ϻܿ˵˴£ҲЩûϣ˾ԡ
ԳϣҲϳˣ÷ϼԾʵ
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ǣѾϳϳϣҲ̫÷ҡҡͷ˵ԳϣûţûЩɣ


2744 ҹ
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٣ңһΪûеõ֪÷ǲٸġͷһЩ
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2745 Ķ
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ͯҲǴﵽҲεߣ·Ӧòʲô⡣


2746 ǷǶ
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һͷׯ԰ڣҲһͼ߶ѡܻׯ԰ׯׯλǵͼҲߡ
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2747 ܻĴ
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2748 Եľ
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ҪԣʱûʲôᡣղͲǻᶼׯ԰ų¹ׯ԰õ֮ԽǵġˣҪȻᡣΤǿ۾˵
һϼһ׶ֵġҿǳ̽ˡдǲ֪Ҫúˡ
Τǿ˵Ҳԡǣ﷭˴ȷʵ˾ԡ
Τǿһ龰Խ¹ׯ԰ľĿһת˵ɭȻ⡣
ãͲһ¡Τǿܹܵ˵ͷ
Τǿ뿪񺣵ķ䡣
վ۷Ĵ֮һˣĸۡ̽һЩϢǺɵ顣磬̫ΪЧˡܰ϶񺣸ۡһæܶ˶֮á
Τǿܹ뿪˲ʱͻˣʱʱ䣬ѾԵľòˡ
ˣԻһ㰡ǶȷϣҶݾġΤǿһŶ˵
ʵǣԵ̫ˡ


2749 
ݾԴӽΪƷҲεߣֻ˶̶ʮʱѡ
ֱһ
Τǿõ˾Եݾ֮Ǳݺݵһ
˵˵С飬Ǵðģ񺣵
ˣԵͺСһ»ׯ԰ĵطģܻׯ԰ȻӴܻׯ԰¹Ӣŵڳ¹ׯ԰ʱ䣬ͿܶһꡣΤǿ˵
ʲô
ôܣһ꣬ͳɾƷҲˣҲ¶𾪵ı飺ǲŪˣ
ӦòǸۡ鱨ھԵ鱨١Ҳ鿴˼ейؾԵ鱨нԱȣûз⡣˵ԵȷʵġΤǿҡҡͷ˵
ǿߵĸۡбȽǿ鱨רŸռ鱨ϢƽҲٻʹãϾҲ鱨档
ΪǰвپԵ鱨ϢΤǿôͲǰûռ鱨ǲɾˣҪͨ鴫ȡϢ
ü
һ»ᣬʲô
»ׯ԰һСׯ԰ڴܻׯ԰ڡΤǿ
ˣ»ΪƽأҪׯ԰ڣȮһ
ʱ޷ԸԣǾͶԸǰ뾰н˺
»ܼ򵥵飬ԺұҸȥ»ᡣΤǿҲȻĵ
»Сׯ԰Ǻ顣ƽʱҲûʲô˻ںЩСׯ԰ĵ
дܻׯ԰Ҳһ˰ɣ񺣶˶˵
ܻׯ԰ڳ¹ǱȽˡ
񺣵һΤǿܹü
ˣЩװ»Сׯ԰˾ˣ¹ׯ԰Ǳ֪ӦҲ˵Ǵܻׯ԰¾Ͳˡܻᱻ𣬳¹ׯ԰϶ҪģϾͷׯ԰Τǿ˵
ߣ͵飬ǲ鵽ˣΣŷ壬ôѵΪһܻᣬ˺Ǻǣ˺Ҳŷ壡Ц˵
ȥ¹ׯ԰񺣲ԾԳķŭͬʱԾŷׯŷׯûæԾʩѹǲ񺣡
񺣴ʱҲþŷׯ֪֪񺣶ŷвˡ
ǡŷׯ»˶ԸΤǿȰ˵񺣡
Ͳʲô˵ģôˣΤǿھͰ°סǴܻׯ԰ʲô»ᶼΪƽغҽѾ˾
ðɣΤǿ񺣴⣬ҲͲٶ˵ˡ
֮ҳ۵߽˶񺣵ĸۡҪ»ᣬɸһ˾ˡҪܻׯ԰͵һЩˡɳȥˣȻǸۡڲˡ
ҲεߣΤǿӴġˣڶ񺣸ۡһʱ䣬Ҵ뿪ˡ뿪񺣸ۡ󲻾ãǶߡ
ȥʲô»᣿һ˿˵
Уȥʲô»ׯ԰ɣһ˵ͷ
»ʲôط˴һ²Сһߵ
ڸۡڵʱΤǿҲǴ˵һ°»λãС͵ׯ԰̫ˣһСƬڣкܶࡣҪҵλãҲⲻҪ̽ѯ
Ҳ֪λΪʲôҪ˰»΢Сׯ԰
Ǳô࣬˳ͣ¾ˡ
˵֮УӰʧʡ
ҲεߣﵽмҡǶɢޣǻһݣɱ֡¾ׯ԰£ҲһˡȻˣ¾ׯ԰϶ܹ͵ġεĹǶ񺣸ۡ

ͯˣǰ»ׯ԰ˡԴˣĿǰׯ԰ׯ
󣬾Դ˵Сׯ԰һڽġ
ؿׯͯѾ˰»ׯ԰֮⣬ؿЩ˵
ǰϡͯЦЦ˵
ͯˣǾͽȥɣؿ
ã
Ű»ׯ԰ȥׯ԰⣬ʿءʿİ߹Ȼǳֹ
İ»ׯ԰ʵȵѾ˲١ΪԵԵʣܻ԰»ׯ԰ҲһֱȽϹգð»ׯ԰˺ü󳡡
ัׯһ¡ؿׯʿ
ʿؿͯˣƲһͲͨߣҲҵ
ʶλγƺһʿʵ
Խัׯ˵дܻׯ԰Ŀ˵ˡؿׯЦЦ˵
ʿһԷǴӴܻׯ԰ģɫһæ˹λԵȣׯˣ


2750 ݻ
ʿ˵ܻׯ԰ˣǲиæӭ˳
񣬽ǵεˡ
൱뾰һͬǰܻׯ԰Ҳؿׯվߣһ˺ȻؿׯʱҲǴһʿܻˣҲ벻ؿׯԵ
վؿׯߵʶؿׯǰվһģȻҲѰ
ӿŲׯ⡣
»ḱׯؿׯˣ๪
ัׯؿһ£λǴӳ¹ׯ԰ͯˡؿׯĶԽЦЦҲ˳ƽͯݡ
¹ׯ԰
ȻֻһСɵȻҲ֪¹ׯ԰Ĵڡֻǣûл¹ׯ԰»ׯ԰ƽʱܻׯ԰򽻵ĻᶼûУҪ̸¹ׯ԰ˡڣȴһԳ¹ׯ԰Ĵ˰»ׯ԰
Ȼỳͯݣͯ˿Ǹؿׯһͬġ
ͯˣ𶯣ҲܿͷӦ˹ͯ
ͯȴ΢΢һܿ˽
Դ֮ǰרġ»ֻС͵ׯ԰Ҳֻһʵ΢ߡǣ»ͽ뾰Դ˲ϵͯͲԴ
ัׯҪҴ˴ǰ»ҽัׯ㣬ܾԳϴ֮һЩԴͯɫ˵
ׯ̧ͷͯ
Իǰ»ׯݡ
ԣԳϴ˵ˣǰ»ׯԴѾˣัׯָ»ׯְ񡣾ԳϴˣʱҲ޷ذ»ᡣͯ
ͯˣׯǽׯ԰˵һԵؿׯЦ˵
ׯ԰ô˵ǲ̫׵ġ
ԶԶԣλ»ׯ԰æÿ
ׯ롣̬ͯܵ͡
ˣͬʱ»ׯ԰ڡ
λˣǴܻׯؿ
ؿׯˣȻǰ»ׯ԰
λͯˣȻǳ¹ׯ԰Ĵˡ
¹ׯ԰ʲôׯ԰ܻ𣿡
¹ᣬǸΪӴׯ԰ȴܻᶼˡ
Դܻׯ԰»Щ߶֪ġǳ¹ׯ԰ֻ˵ˡ
ô˵Ǿׯǳ¹ׯ԰Ĵׯ䰡
ʿ̸š
ڽ˽ׯ԰һںׯ԰ݽϸߵļҲѶˣһһλʺ
ͯǽҪԴ˳ֽׯ

ʱӰ֮ϵֽ»ׯ԰
ˣǴӶ񺣸ۡߡ
Ӧþǰ»ׯ԰ˡһ˿˵
뿪񺣸ۡҲǺķһЩʱ䣬̽˰»ׯ԰ľλáΪ»ģ̫СˣǶ񺣸ۡΤǿָܹܸ˴ŵλãҵ»ׯ԰ͦѵ顣
ȥȷһ¡һ˵
˴ͻȻ䣬վڰ»ׯ԰֮⡣ʿͻȻˣһܹеߣҲǳղˡڰ»ׯ԰ĵطƽʱ뿴ղεǺѵ顣
ǰ»ׯ԰𣿡һ˿ʿʵ
ʿǣ֪ʲôݣԷѯʣȻ˳ڸ˿϶Ĵ𰸡
ǲҰЦЦ
ܹ黹ҵˣȷʵһ۵Сׯ԰ءһҲЦ
ǾͿʼɣǰһĿǡ
£̽ƣһſ񱩵ӿİ»ׯ԰ʿ˲Ϣ仯Ϊ촷ۡȽЩʿ̼仯Ϊ촷ۣׯ԰ĴźǰνǻΪ˷档һˣǷɵׯ԰Ͽգׯ԰Ǻһȭ
޴ׯ԰ĵĵϡһ죬϶ʱһ˵»ׯ԰Ľʼ̮
˵еؿׯˣɫ䡣࣬Ҳ֪ʲô飬ɻ
߳֡ͯɫһͳ
䣬ӰǴ̮ĽڳٶȺܿ죬ؿׯӦҲͯͬʱҲų˳ȥ
ʲôˣҹ»ׯ԰ͯһŭȴ
ͯѾеߣ߿ͯƺҲһ¡Ȼ뵽ڰ»ׯ԰֮Ҳεǿڡͯʱ壬ѿҲε
ǰׯ԰ߣʱҲׯ԰ڡ


2751 ܲ
ֵͯҲߣҲǲúܡ
»ֻһܲ۵Сׯ԰߹»ׯ԰ʲô⣿⣬Ҳ̫һЩ˵ǳˣ»ׯ԰ôҲεߣ߲̫󣬸ͽӴ
ʲôˣΪҪ»ׯ԰ͯŶ˺ʵ
߶һۣͬҲ⣬»ׯ԰ôҲڣ
漴ǿؿؿׯ죬ȴʶؿͷܻׯ԰ׯ
λʲôˣΪҪ»ׯ԰ؿׯҲڡ
»ׯ԰ߵĽ˾͸ŪˣǴûеҲεǿߡ˵ҲΣǳղεҲǲ𰡣
Ƿϻ֣һ˵ͳ
ɱһڿеٴγ֡
ôĵӣǳ¹ׯ԰ߵʿͯǻֱͣԼݣͯŭȵͬʱҲ׼
ͯ˵Լ֮΢һ£ԵЩɡ
񺣸ۡǱߣֻǻٵ»ʹܻׯ԰ûֱ¹ׯ԰ϡ˵ʵǸɴܻûʲôѹҪɱ¹ׯ԰ĸߵʿǻбȽϴѹ
ǵĳɣҲǺܶݵһ˲֪»ׯ԰г¹и߲ڣǿܻȴʵĻᣬڼˣǾʹȥǺл԰»ׯ԰ˡʱǵͻʧܡ
ɱ⣬һһݵĵ
䣡
飡飡
˫Ӵɱ
ׯߣͯʹԽະ
ˣʵǳǿԾڵҲΡͯؿˣǳڵңͲǶԷĶ֡
Ҳͯ˺ؿˣ˵Ķ֡һ֣ͯؿλ˾ȫѹˡʵϲѹƣ˵һ浹ˣͯȫûֵͼֲ˶á
ߣؿҲ
˶Ӧ
Ҳ֪ԼͰﲻæҲߵսɢһЩ׽ɱЩСߡҲɴ࣬Լֻͯλ˷ġ
Ǻǣߣ뷨ðϧǶҪһ˽ͯɺ󣬱׼뿪Ľˡ
ͯ߾ȫסӰĿз·Ż棬ݺҧҪĳˡ
ͯʱߵĻʵлġˣҲһҪɱͯ¹ׯ԰ĸߵʿͯȴǺηĳȥ澰ԵʱȻҳȻҪɡֻ֪ʱýˣȥûа취ԾԴ˽㱣ס࣬Ҳڽǰͷ
˸оһתͯ͵ĳҲǱŭ⣬ɱ
ҳȫ㣡˱һͯĹࡣ
˵ʵȷʵͯǿһΣҪɱͯҲҪķһʱġ
߲ɱˣͣǿ󡣱ǵȼһЩɱȼ΢͵ߣҲɱ
統ڳ֮صʱɱӢˣԵʵȫѹӢ˵ģɱˣҲҪγֲ
һߵؿׯģϵȫͲᡣؿĴܻׯҪܻҲһġɵؿׯҲǵĹɱؿׯ֮ȥܻ¾ʱҲһЩ
һսʱ䲢˵ʵȷʵ̫ǿˣͯؿûлᡣ
ǡڵģԴˡ¹ᣬŹǣ
Դˣҡˣ
ͯ󷢳ߵŭ
벻ؿͷ¶β֣֮ؿׯҲѵˣ֪ԼûߺҲǷſƴ
Ҳƴ˵ˡ
ͯؿˣվǱɱˡ
ǿһ̣ƴһ˿ǰʬ壬һ
ǰ
ͯǳ¹ˣɱ»вС鷳һҡҡͷ˵
ܲôˣιǵĳͺܸߣһƱµ͵һʱǡصúܺã¹ׯ԰ҲѰɣһ˺˵
һЩСˣȥ׷ǰһ˿˿ӳȥķ
ܲģǿһСҲǵΣôʱܶԶЦһ


2752 ܲ
ͯʿؿׯȻȰ»ׯ԰ȡһЩʱ䣬ʱĲʱǺѴׯ԰ӳԶ
ǣܹҲǿӵĿȷʵܵ͡
ֵߣֶ԰»ׯ԰һݲУǽׯ԰Ϊƽˡׯ԰ڣҲҲһĽˡ
ಣȥ׷ˡ
ܵû죡
ֿ֪ܡ뽫һ򾡣ˣ
ߺܿ׷˰»ׯ԰ߣ׷ϵֻǵĳԱ»ׯ԰ˣѡΪķʽܵ˵׷ɱ
׷ϵ˿϶ǱˣԶԣΪķʽǿ޶ѵĿԡ˭ܹӵ˭޷ӵҪԼˡ
ʱ֮
ǻһЩ©֮㰡һ˿˵
ţɱ˲٣ȷʵ©֮㣬ûɱ⡣һ˵
ˣǾɣڣȥܻׯ԰ˡܻׯ԰ԭҲߣؿׯѾǻɱܻׯ԰ֻʣһߡǣսپɣɱڵ˵
ǰ»ׯ԰ߵ©֮㣬Ͳ׷ɱˣǱߣҪǼȮġڶ˵
̫˷ʱˡԸЩ㣬˷̫ʱ䲻ʡһҡҡͷ˵
ҲǣǾȥܻɣȽܻҲ֮Ǿ¹ķӦ˵
ţʵڲУʱ뿪¹ׯ԰򡣡
ֵߣܻׯ԰λ÷ȥҰ»ׯ԰ͦ£Ҵܻׯ԰Ǿ̫ˡ
ܻׯ԰ǳ¹ׯ԰ڵľͷׯ԰֮һ
ܻׯ԰ׯ԰ƽʱдｻסһԴ
ֵ߿ʼܻׯ԰Ƕɾʹˡ
ô£
ڹܻׯ԰
˭ҹܻׯ԰ܻׯׯҲεǿߣ˭ô֪
쿴ƺڹܻׯ԰ܻׯһ˲ɱʵÿֲׯƺ·硣
ܻׯ԰ڣʱֻһλׯҲεǿߡׯ԰ڲвٴﵽεߡε֣Ҳһɱһġ
ǣҪıǾˡׯҲֲ̫ʱ䡣
ˣܻҪˣׯڽڰˣѾֲסˡ
ţҲ뿪ʡһᱻǿߣҲ֪ʲôΪҪܻׯ԰ѵǾͲ³¹ׯ԰ŭ𣿡
˵᲻ͷң
ڴܻׯ԰ߵߣвټʶһЩǻ֪ڣ缶ľͷׯ԰˳¹ׯ԰⣬ͷׯ԰¹ׯ԰ƽƽ
󲻳ͷ֮⣬˭ڳ¹ׯ԰ڹһͷׯ԰ܻׯ԰Ǳ¹ͷׯ԰Ҳ׷һ·սԭ
ܻׯ԰ջǱˣӴׯ԰ΪһƬ档
ֵǿߣɱܻׯ԰֮󣬻ׯ԰ѹһŷ뿪
֮ϣߵʬ塣
ܶǰպյĴʱҲ˱ʬ塣ϦºƬµķ֮ϣƽɭ֮⡣
ܻׯ԰Ϣ漴ʹˡ
ϢĴһׯ԰ڶ𶯵òᡣܻͷׯ԰Ȼ˵ˣ
뿪󲻾ãһòͨ˷֮ϣٵΧƷתһȦһƵĲȡһֻӥһĻɫߣһƤд˼̵ݷڷϣȻŷеķ
ֻӥķ񣬿ų¹ׯ԰ķȥٶȼ죬ȴҲεȫлҪöࡣ
ûòͨߣһ¹ׯ԰̽ӡģǽܻᱻϢ¹ׯ԰ܲԷٶȣԼʱͿԵִ¹ׯ԰ܲ
֮󣬳¹ׯ԰ܲ
ɵۣϲƵԾסĹ֮ǰѾչʱҲû죬ɵȴǹ˲ϾԵıչˡ
뾰ԳϳҪ˵ɵ۶ԾԵһ˵
ˣԴ˴ʱڱչذ
֪·ǳҪֻȥͨǡԳ϶ŭ˵ǿҪôġɵüֵ
ǣǽȻҲǲɵ۶ײҲ֪ɵ뾰ԳϵĹϵɵ˵кҪҾԳϣǾͿ϶ǷǳҪ顣


2753 ˵
˵ɵԼҪ飬ֹͣ
ǰ֪ڱչʱңǿ϶ǼҪҪ˵а
ԺǼΪҪ飬ɵۿ϶ӰԼչ
䣬ܿͼ˵ɵۡ
ǰý뿪ɵ۹˹ʲôˣ
Լɵɫвɡ⡯һ£Ƿ˲õ顣
ԣҸոյõϢ»ׯ԰ʹܻׯ԰Ѿˡɵ۵ͳ˵
ʲô۾һ
ô£˭ɵģеŭڵһ¾
ʱ֪ʲôģֵֻ֪ߡˣﵽеҲΡɵҡҡͷ
ģģԺݺݵȭͷ
ԣڲҪ̫żһԸ顣˭ҶὫ侾ɵ˵
ǰׯ԰ΣҵĽͯǰܻׯ԰Ͱ»ׯ԰ڻûУĿг⡣
ͯĿǰûлҲ֪ڣֻ֪ܻͰ»ׯ԰Ѿ𡣵õϢҾ̹ˡɵҡҡͷ
ǰ˵˭£Ե
ʱ˵пǿղͲǻǱߵ˰֡һʱ䣬ׯ԰Сܶࡣյ鱨һׯм˲ǿߣвǿߵӰɵ˵
Կղׯ԰Ͳǻׯ԰¹ׯ԰߶мءڳ֮һ֮󣬶ׯ԰ļظǴﵽ˾˵ĵز¹ߣҲׯ԰ֶԼ
ɵ˵ղͲǻᣬԳĬһᡣ
֮󣬾ҡͷ
ԴܻͰ»ɱⲢǿղͲǻֱʡׯ԰ҪԳ¹᲻ҲӦǡþҴܻͰ»ׯ԰
ܻͰ»ᣬǾׯ԰ˣרŶׯ԰֣ԻԼҪȻ¼ôôɵ飿
ǰҾǲǻ߿ղĿԺܵ͡£רҵģܻͰ»ᣬкϵԵͳ˵
Ѿ˻ɶ󣬾Ƕ񺣡
ǰһʱ䶡¹ׯ԰ԼҪõԼе֮ǴԹ뿪ģߵʱвԡʱԵҲû̫࣬Լʱڲ뿪¹ׯ԰ҲԼûʲô취û뵽ôܻᡢ»ԼΪδ̫һЩ
ɵ۳ŵֿȷʵҲУʵҲǲǻͿղᣬҪԳ¹ֵĻĿӦȶԸפڳ֮صĳ¹ׯ԰ӡ
ǰȥ¡Ҫ֪˭ɵģԷߺ޵ĵ
ԣڻ뿪¹ׯ԰£ȥ졣ģһġ˭ҶŷׯԴҲǳŭѾϧ۲¡ɵҡͷĿǰ뿪¹ׯ԰̫Σˡ
ңĻˣҲпר˴ܻᡢ»Գ¹ׯ԰ׯ԰֮ڣûʲô취ǳׯ԰Ǿͺ˵ˡ¹ׯ԰ɳһȺǿ߱ԣ޷ȷԵİȫ
Ҳ˼Ҳ֪ɵ˵ȷģеŭ⣬ƽ
µˣ˾Եĵߡ
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ǰסˣһɶµĻָʹҧ˵
Ϊʲôô˵ɵۿžʵ
ǰһʱ䣬¹ׯ԰Ҫ֮ҾܾˡʱǳвҪң˵ϣҲҪڡ֮󣬰»ʹܻͷ顣ҾãĻ֮˵ĿԺܴ󡣡ٺܿ˵
һ£ɵü
ȷʵû˵¡
Ҳǣʱڳֻоŷׯ񺣺;ˡˣû˵¡ɵۣׯ԰ڵͬ²֪Ҳ֪¹ׯ԰Ծϸȴǲ֪ġ
ȷʵкܴĿܡţһעһġˣڱ仯̫ˡ
ԣǶ񺣵Ļ¾͸ˣҪɱ񺣣̫ˡŷׯҲкܶĹ˼ɡ˵Щ̫磬Ȳ˵һ᲼޵ȽֵҵֻҪǻڳ¹֮ڣߣɵȭͷ˵


2754 ӿٶ
ɵߺ󣬾ԷŭòŽƽ
ǻԪ޵···ǹ¶ġ޵ߡߣҪԼ·ʱĹ¼ţȥϰ
һ·ԶԼ£ҲԼںЩԼйˣԶ
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ǲǻᡢղᣬЩڵǿߣԶ
ҪԷѪծѪ
񺣣ϣ޹أͷת
ĿǰʵȻǶ񺣣񺣵ʵŷׯǲġԴʱսȸׯǿ߻Ҫһȶ񺣾ͲøˡûϵԼһܳԽɱ񺣡
ͯ𡭡
ԺиͯӰӣͯ뿪¹ׯ԰ǰ¡
ϣͯ𻹻Űɡ̾һ
Ҳͯ𻹻ŵĿѾܵͯ͡ʱ䲻ͯ
ԽĿ⿴֮ʱʹ֮ɱЧڵٶȣڰ˴ɱƺҲңԶûз»ᡢܻ¼֮ǰԶԼٶǱȽˡڣûˣҪĽɵڰ˴ɱ䡣
һܻᡢ»ᱻ붡йأǶ񺣾Ǿĵˡʵ̫ǿˣɵڰ˴ɱ䣬Ҳδܹܶ񺣡ڳ¹ߣŷׯҲȲ˵ŷׯ붡񺣵˽½飬֮ûκν飬ŷׯԶҲкܶĹ˼ɡ
ǻͿղׯ԰Գ¹ỢǾŷׯʱζԶ񺣶֣ôķչͿʧء򲻵ѣŷׯȻᾡĲУǶǿߡŷׯϾǳ¹ׯҪΪӴׯ԰ԣҪɱ񺣣ֻܿԼˡ࣬ɵۻ
ô͵ðһЩˡһµľ
֮ǰʹ֮ʱǱȽСĵģÿηõ֮һ㣬ڳ֮صһη֮ʹõࡣҪ֪ڳ֮صʱɵɱ䡣Ѿߴɱ䡣ڸӿռ䣬ȵ˲֪ٱҲӵȹ̡ڵ״ӷ֮ӦҲܹԵġ
ôɣһһ
ĬĬתһоˣС֮ͬʱС
䣡ӿĹڡ
ͬʱĸӿռ䶼񣬷ӳ֮ȵķ䵽еĸӿռ֮ڡ֮ĳŸӿռ䣬ԵɫҲǺࡣ
һʱ֮󣬾Եɫ𽥻ָĿУҲ³һ
оԡ
ҵĸӿռ䣬ͬʱС֮Ҳûо̫ѡһҵɱٶȣͱǰ˽ӽһԿе˵
ôȵС֮ȫպͬʱʹС֮ԼƸӿռʣ֮
ڳ֮صʱֻɱ䣬һС֮ҲͲźķѼʱʱ䡣֮ٶȣɱȵҪϲ١

ŷׯס
飡ϧ۵ĲҵҪ˭ҳ¹ׯ԰¾ŷׯǰׯ԰߲
ׯˣʱ㣬Ҿǳ¹ׯ԰ӦðһЩǡܻᱻ£ȻҪģѡеͿ˰ɣϜׯ˵
е飿
ܻͰ»ƷҲߣ뿪¹ׯ԰ⲻ̫ѵ顣ǰе飬ǲ鵽ʱ뿪¹ׯ԰ˡɵۿһ۱Ϝׯ
ѡе飬ǾֻʹúСһһǺķѵʱɾͲ֪Ҫˡ
εҵȻҲҵ֣Ҳ֪ǳ¹ڲҳһƬǿղᡢǻûô죿Ϝɵ۵
ǺǣϜׯ˼Ī˵е飬ǿղᡢǻͲǷѣɵЦŷʡ
ׯˣҾ±չȫ飬Ӽ죬־ͺܿ¹ʱץסǾ͸ˡɵֿŷׯ˵


2755 
ϜŰеܻᱻ¼ɵҪȫܻᡢ»ׯ԰һ¡
ڳλׯ԰߲ûп˵
ղᡢǻʱǵһһǳעܻͰ»ᱻ£Ҳһׯ԰̽ǵľٶղᡢǻйأǰеʾ޹أͬҪȫ׷֡˵ף¹ׯ԰ϲƣŷׯ˿˵
󣬾ŷׯ˼λϵ֣ȫЭӢŵε¡
ϜׯŷׯѾ⣬ҲͲ˵ˡŰе飬ǵĵҲȷʵΪ˳¹ׯ԰³¹ڷҸǻͿղпɳ֮
εǾǲˡһλ϶ε˵
˵ǲʵҲǿЦǵݵׯ԰εġֻ£εΪףǼ˸Эɡ

񺣸ۡ
ܹΤǿĴҴ񺣵ס
ˣܻͰ»ѾΪƽءмһΤǿ
ʲô⣿ʵ
ɱֹ»ׯ԰ʱ򣬷ǳ¹ׯ԰һͯĸߵʿҲڳɱΣ㽫ͯɱˡΤǿü
¹ׯ԰ĸߵʿǿĳ¹ڲԱߵʿݣׯ԰Ҳвƫˡ⣬治С
Τǿ󣬶üƬ̡
ɱɱ˰ɣǵݣû¶ɣ˵
ʱûб¶Ǵһʱ䣬ǳ¹᷽ķӦ˵룬¹϶ưոݵġܻǳ¹Ĵׯ԰ټһڲߵʿɱ¹᲻̫ͷ¡ܹΤǿ
ˣŷ鵽ҵҲûʲôǺǣҾ͵ҷ񺣰ڰ֡
ٺ٣ŷׯ븮㷭Ĳ鵽ˣ¹ׯ԰ǱҲ׷ɱֱֹͣΤǿܹЦ˵˳㹧ά˶һ䡣
˴ܻͰ»ᣬֻʱյϢǸСӣлһҪҧгݵĵ
ܻͰ»ѾΪƽأûϨжԾԵŭⲻǶԾһϢѡ
ˣһ¡ղͲǻǱߣǽӴû˵Ϊʲô£Ҳֻг¹ׯ԰Ǳߵ֮ˡյһЩϢׯ԰ƺԸ¹ׯ԰ҲǱƳ¹ύ֮Τǿܹ˵
Ҿ֪ǿ϶˼ʱǡϾŷҲʶܾˡţȵ˵ɣ񺣰ڰֵ
Ҳһ̵˼ϼһ϶׾Ͷ֣Ҳν̽ǷӦ
ǣΤǿͷӦ

¹ׯ԰ɵ뼸λ뿪ׯ԰ٶ»ׯ԰ȥǳׯ԰󲻾ãҲд¹ʿ
Ⱥ˳¹ׯ԰ͬʱһҲǷ˵ڵĲٴׯ԰¹ҪЩׯ԰ϳ¹᷽ܻᡢ»ᱻ¡
һʱ䣬¹ڵձü
¹εˣͶλϴ˹ͬӣγ¹Ǳŭˡ
ǰҲ֪ʲôˣ˴ܻᣡ
ŪܻҲˣЩ»Сׯ԰ʲô֪ʲôڣ»Сׯ԰޷㡣
ܻׯ԰һ뵽һЩǰ»ׯ԰ڱ֮ǰ˵Сׯ԰˶١Сׯ԰ͻȻܻһͬ˷ѽ⡣
ȻˣҲ˶԰»һ֪
вˣԾرעˣĿһЩϵ
ЩԾԸעˣԵľ֪Ծ»ׯ԰ġڴܻͰ»ṲͬͲò뵽ǲ뾰ʲôϵˣԾԡ
ǣʲôԾأ˴ܻͰ»ᣬѵΪ˶ľ
ӵڳ¹ׯ԰
ɵۺͼλϣպǵִ˰»ׯ԰»ׯ԰ķϣһЩߵӰӡЩߣڿֳɢ߽롣ǣǳ¹ׯ԰ڲ͸ϴׯ԰ˡ
ɵ۵˵ִЩ˱㶼ӭǰ
ϻض˵ˣʱȣȽׯ԰ɵһֹ֣Щ˵Ŀ׻
漴ɵ۵˽ׯ԰档
εͯˡһϿͯ塣
ɵۣҲͯ
ң


2756 Ҫ·
Կͯϲ˺ۡ
ɵ۵Ȼûۼһսǿڵϵͯ壬ҲóһսεȵĲҡ
һĻɵڵĳ¹߲㣬ͷǽסӿŭ֮
ץס飬ҶҪʬΡңһλϽҧÿ졣
Ҫ֪ڳ¹ׯ԰֮ڡԼׯ԰ƿ֮£˵ɱԼׯ԰и߲⣬ѾƳ¹ׯ԰ˡ
ҲεߣһߵȼֻﵽεСׯ԰֡ҵҪǾ˼Դɵۿŷϵһ߾ʬ壬Щʬ屻ʯֻ֮¶ʬһ֡
磬ʲôûУɵۿһׯ԰̽ʵ
ش˻Ӱ»ׯ԰һЩ˱̸ҵ˼»ׯ԰ҴߡѾʹҲԷʲôˡˣʼҲû˵Լ֡һɵ㣬ƺרΪ»ׯ԰ģƺȷǰ»ׯ԰ǲųֹ̽ӵͷ˵
ҵҴģɵʵ
»ׯ԰ܲĳԱȷʵҴߡȻؿׯͯȡһʱ䣬ׯ԰ܲһ߶Ӳȥ
¹̽ӣҵ»ܲҴߡˣܿ㱻ɵ۵˵ǰ
ǣǰ»ĳԱɵʵ
ش˵Ļȷʵǰ»ܲĳԱ˶ͷ
ǣյ龭ϸĶ˵һ顣ţ֪ģȫ˵Ҫκε©ԽϸԽáǲҪ£ǰȫˡȻ»ׯ԰ܲݻ٣һᰲµȥɵ۶˵
лˣ˶ĸл
˽ׯ԰˵һ飬ؿׯͯׯ԰ʼǽԼ֪ȫ˵˳
ǵׯǷ񻹻ţɵʡ
ǡҲ֪ׯǲǻšؿ˺ֵͯɱׯһ˳ȥ֮ͷֿˡ
ģ֮׷ɱӳȥˣҪɱǡ
Ҳׯ䡣
︦ϣ鷳ˣȥܻǱ߿ɵ۶һп︦λϵ
УҾ︦ͷ˵

¹ׯ԰һεϿڡ
һӰҴҴϿɱСģڿٷɱʱ򣬻۲Ƿ˸١һαװܺõɽ
ɽڣһߡ
ˣǱ񺣸ۡӶĹ˴ܻͰ»ׯ԰еҲεߡ
ǵ뿪¹ׯ԰򡣡ոսɽ߼ٵ˵
ţһ˸
棬̽һЩϢ¹Ǳߣˡ¹ׯ԰ɳӢŵκĸλϵܻᱻ¡дׯ԰ʿڵѰҴܻҴߺ͵ʱĿߡ
ģ¹ׯ԰ֱׯ԰ϡЩˡ
Ҳû뵽¹ׯ԰ķӦôԭΪԼ͵һʱҲͲˡڿ¹ׯ԰ǲҵ˲ˡ
һͷׯ԰ҪҵʲôˣǱҵԲġ˵ﻹǳ¹ׯ԰ĵ
¹ׯ԰ô£Ϊ˴ܻᡭһ΢Сׯ԰Ȼ˷ѵ֪ôúķѶĴ𣿡ǸԭɽڵɫҲˡ
˭֪أģ鷳ˣǰһ˶˶ţ֪أǲ׽ġ
Ȼܷ񣬵¹ׯ԰Ȼﶥˡһݱ¶ǵȴǵĽ޵ǻ֮أ
˵öԣǡ뿪¹ׯ԰ˡǻׯ԰һЩǾȥǻ򡣡ߵͷ
ߣһֽһֽмۡ
˵ڳ¹ׯ԰һģ֪жׯ԰Ǳֻġ
²˳٣ھ͵ˡЩ˵
Ǳߺĳͣõ𣿡ʵ
ûУʱòˡڣǲȥǱߣ̫ΣˡһɣǱҲ¹ׯ԰˰ɡҡҡͷ˵
˱񺣸ۡӶٵܻͰ»ׯ԰ʱֻõһĳ͡µĳͱСһȥȡԾǵץʱ·ˡ
뿪Ļ֪ҪòܻˡʱǱ˵ˡü
Ӧòɣôǿߵݣͣҡҡͷɲ̫ᶨ


2757 ץס
һۡ
ؼ뿪¹ׯ԰´λضǺܾ֮ˣʱѱ񺣸ۡˡ˵ǿߣһλǿȴӶȥ¾ׯ԰ܻҲͰˣɰ»Сׯ԰¾ʲôˣȫΡ
ǲȥĸۡˡε˵
ɽ뿪Ͽȣ׼ǻڵλãҪǻҲúķѽϳʱ䣬ȫٸ·ҲýһҡǣϾǾƷҼġǾƷңǿܰҾͿˡ
һߣɵѾгһͨĵ飬ɵۼĳ˲ǻͿղͷׯ԰¾ֶΣжɱ¡ɱֲԵ޹ȥ¾ׯ԰˵ǱӶġ
ڳ¹ׯ԰ڣɢɱһЩġǣеҲεɱֲࡣ¹ׯ԰ЩɱֶбȽϸı÷̫£ɸѡɵеҲɱ֡
ͼˣȻǽɵص㻳֮С
ǷͣѰɱֵټͬʱׯ԰ֻҪ󡢼ˣ̼á
ʵϣͼ˵вЩׯ԰ĳԱʵǿɢޡЩɢΪˮͽ𣬵Ȼƴ׷ǡ
ͷ֮ͼ˱ץסʱˡڹ˴ܻᡢ»֮ϳ¹ǻüǲһʱ䣬뿪ʱʵϾѾˡ

¹ׯ԰ڡ
ԣͬʱ̷С֮Ľɱ䡣̷֮ԾҲǺܴĿ顣ڵĸӿռ䣬һδεı񱩵Խ߾ȫţʱҲǲ˿Ĵ⡣
ðЧǷǳ˵ġÿʱỵ̈ԵɱȶԵ
һ֮󣬾˫Ŀ
һֱǿȵУҲǺܴĸԸһʱ䣬Ҳͣʹ֮ѡȪһ¸ӿռ䡣
ڵĽȣӦڣڰ˴ɱˡ
֮ǰԵκ͵ߴɱʱһҲµʱ䡣κ͵ߴɱ䣬Ѷȵڰ˴ɱ䵱ȻǷǳˡڰ˴ɱ䣬ȵߴɱ䣬Ѷ˲ֹ
Ҳ֪ǰôˡҡҡͷһƿȪ

ʮ
˵¾ܻ߱ץסˡ
ţץס𣿶Էʲôˣ
ϢûӦͼˡ
ˣɱ֣ΪҪ¾ܻ᣿
⻹ʣ϶˹Ӷǡӣ군ˡ¹ץסǾǱˡγ¹ΪץסˣѪ˵׽һˣһƿȪͽ𡣾ģҲǧƿȪͽ𡣡
ǧƿȪͽ𣬼ǶڴﵽҲεɢ˵ҲһӴˡô޴һȪߵȵҲƴһˡ
ʲô˹Ӷǣܻׯ԰ʲôˣׯ԰ׯ԰ҲͲͼɱְɣ
˭֪أ϶ׯ԰Ӷɱ֡
УȱϢͨġϢѺ͵ɵɵһµʱûзس¹ׯ԰ԭܻׯ԰λôһʱָ
Ѻ͹ɱֻ֣һɱ֡ɱּۣѾ׷սȻ۵ʬһᱻɵ
ˣѺ͹죬ѺͶ鼴ɵִһ¹ׯ԰ĸߵʿ
ãɵվ
ڣм¹ĳҲڡ
ץˣһϵ
λϣҲˡ׼Ϲȥɵۿ˵
ţôżεǾţҲͼʱҲͱѺˡһüɵ۵
³⣡ͼ˱ĹѰڣ϶Ҳ֪󱻻׽ˣԼ𣿡ɵҡҡͷ
εǾãĻ˿ܶڣǳɵ۵˼
ֿܡɵ۵ͷ
ţȷʵֿԡǣһȥɣȫ·ĻҲʱ䣬ѺĶ顣λ϶һۣ׷˵
ɵۺͼλ¹ׯ԰λҲ飬̱Ƕ
ɵ۵СȷʵûʱǶ񺣵ĸ֮ۡڣΤǿܹ¡


2758 ˮ
Ҳû뵽¹ׯ԰ķôĴ۵ܻᡢ»ᱻһ£󱻻׽ˣЩˡһ¹ׯ԰УǹĿǷǳġ
ˣ
ѺĶ飬ӦûҪʱŻִԭܻλáܹΤǿü˵˽ɱüѺĶ飬Ϊ׵һǸߵҲߣֻþƷֲ߳ȷ񡣡
񺣵ĸۡڲԱУֻи񺣺ʹܼΤǿƷҲεġʱȣٴӶģ˵ٴӶɱѱֱ⡣
ˣȥɣΤǿ˵һ䡣
µҲֻˡΤǿһ˰ɡɱ˺󣬱̳ߣ˾Ϳԡ񺣳֮У˵
˵ʲôں¹ׯ԰࣬ĵЩǵġܲó¹ׯ԰֪Ȼò֪ˡ
ףΤǿӦ߳˶񺣵ķ䡣
ܹΤǿٶȳ˶񺣵ĸۡǰѺĶǰ·ϣ׼ɱֻҪ˿ڣǳ¹ׯ԰ǻɵ񺣸Ҳûʲôȷе֤ݡ
ΤǿͶȴǲ֪ɵۺͳ¹ĸλϲûѡʱָȴɵ۵ˣȥӭѺͶˡΤǿʵɱ
ʱ䣬ɵ۵˾ѺͶͷˣɱ֣Ҳƽɵ۵˵УȻǼɱֵʬ塣
ѺͶΪ׵һˣһƷҲεߣ֮⣬еҲεߡɵǣֱӵ¹ׯ԰ȡͽ⼸ߣĿе˷ܺϲáһΣǻȡͽ㹻ʹúܳһʱˡ
˭㹥ܻͰ»ׯ԰ɵۼֱӾ˭
Ҳʶɵۡ
ɵ۵εãһ𣿺ǺǣεҲ̫Сҵְҵˡ
ʵϣô˵ֻּۻ۰ˡ

¹֣֮ӳȥǿ϶ǲܵˡУҲֻйˡ룬ΪԼȡһЩĻ³ضǳҡ
֪ôġҿԸ㣬ǲܱסˡ㹥ܻͰ»ʱ򣬾͸뵽нĽ
ʹʹ˵ݣҲԱ֤һʹ졣鵽ʲôɵ۵ϣ˺⡣
Ĭ뽻ԼԳ¹ӵеΨһ롣
ֻǣֶԿͽ͵ġȻ䵽˳¹ׯ԰У¹еǰ취ڡ
εȽس¹ׯ԰ɡһλ϶ɵ˵
Ҳãȥ󡣡ɵ۵ͷͬ⡣
Ӷ񺣸ۡΤǿһɵ۵ˡû¶档ɵ۵Զȥ֮εķض񺣸ۡ
ԭ뽫ڵģѾ¹ׯ԰εжλϿơǿҲǲɱˡ˵Ǹ٣Ҳδܴӳ¹ׯ԰εͶλɱελϣʵǿľƷҲߡ񺣸ͬʱǿߣҲռʲôˡ
ˣε˿Ҳǵĳ⣬ȥӭѺͶˡûл֡Τǿص֮ۡ󣬶Ը񺣵
ˣˣҲûıˡҡҡͷ
¹У¹᷽ܿͻ֪ǹӶͼۡʱ򡭡Τǿ˿񺣡
ˣҪеΰɣͼˣҲû㣬һֱǽӴġ¹׷Ҿ˵븮޹أȫҵ⡣Τǿ˵
Զ񺣣Ǽġ
Τǿ񺣿Τǿ
Ǻǣ˵ˣ¹鵽Ͳ鵽ˡҵţŷҷ˺ǾͲܹˡңұġ
Ҳõģ˽ŷˣ˺ġ٣ڽԲǻͿղׯ԰ѹ֮ǰġ񺣰˰˵
ˣȻǣΤǿȷʵǲ
ˡΤǿͷ

һ·ͣЪĸ·ɵ۵ˣǽ˳¹ׯ԰ܲ
ׯŷ壬ԳʱѺ
ûз̫ʱ䣬һ־ʹб˳
񺣣
ӶͼˣܻͰ»ģǶ񺣸ܹۡΤǿΤǿΪʲôҪӶɱ˴ܻͰ»᣿


2759 
Ҷ֪ΤǿǶ񺣸ۡĴܼңܶʱΤǿǿԴǿ߶񺣵ġ
ΤǿӶͼ˴ܻᡢ»ׯ԰⾿˭˼
Ĵ𰸣뵽
ټ°ɣڴʳΤǿ󣬾ŷׯĬһᣬֳƵ˵
¹ׯ԰ܲڡŷׯˣλׯ԰ׯĳϼۼ
ʱڵˣ֪ܻͰ»ׯ԰һ£ǣ˶񺣵ĸۡ
ûйλϵݣҲòμµġΪڱչŷׯҲû֪ͨԵ
ڵգѹ֡
񺣱Ͼͨߣǿߣʵɲ⡣ǳ¹ׯ԰Ҳ޷׶񺣡˵ŷׯϵǳʱ򣬾ŷׯʲô˼
еˣžŷׯ۲ŷׯɫ
Ҷòˡ
ǾͿʼɣŷׯͳ쳹ڣĿ⻷ȫ
ԿĿУŷŭ
ȻǣԤϣȷ֮󣬾ŷׯǲʧЩʹŷׯ붡񺣺ˣͬϵߡ±Ǩ˵Ĺϵһֱܺáܶʱ򣬾ŷׯҲǷǳӶġ
أ
񺣾ȻӶɱ֣˳¹ׯ԰ڵׯ԰ŷׯҲ֪ΪʲôҪôΪ֪ʧŷׯףǶԾԻģ˾ԣͶԾĴܻͰ»֣ΪǷǳ˲ݵġ
ܻͰ»ᱻһ£ֵѾץסˡһһмۡˣɱֵݡץбɱ󻹻ţʱѺׯ԰ڡʣ˵˹ӶĹݣ˵Ƕ񺣸ۡĴܹΤǿӶ뼪ۡŷׯûвҴš
ׯˣûп˵˻ѻϜׯ
ûпǻѻȷŷׯ˱Ϝׯһۡ
Ҷ˵˵Լ뷨ɣ£ǳ¹ׯ԰δŷׯ˵
ǣǰǲòضԴΤǿǶǰۡĴܼҡֻ£ǰǼΤǿˡһϿڵ
ǻͿղׯ԰ڶǳ¹ׯ԰ʱ㣬ǲ붡ǰгͻɡһϵ
ΤǿӶɱ֣ܻׯ԰Ѫϴǳ¹ׯ԰ǲ׷ΤǿΣǻʲôţһȽǿƵĳϺ˵
೤ϼ׷׷ԡ
µΪֹҲҪ׷ΤǿΡ
ǣȴûװ׵Ҫ׷񺣡ѵ֪׷ݵԴͷ϶ǶҪΤǿôģ֪
ûɵӣ
ǣֻװ֪
ε˼أŷׯɵʵ
ɵۿŷׯ
վ˵ʱ䣬ڵľƺǸӡΪǳ¹ׯ԰ǣҪĻȶ붡񺣸ۡսܿܵ¸ܵС¾ôˣǳ¹ׯ԰¾Ҫۿˡ
˵ɵ۶˶ټ˵õİ취Ҿû붡񺣸ۡǱ߽Ӵһ£񺣽ΤǿǣõģҲܱȫǳ¹ׯ԰
ʵϣɵҲϣ¹ׯ԰񺣸ۡƽˡϣǷǳǵġƽ˶񺣵ĸۡһ׵顣¹ׯ԰ȷʵһôˣ¹ׯ԰ƱػᶯʱǻͿղ϶ץס¹ׯ԰ʹ
¶ǰὫΤǿǳ¹ġһλҡͷ˵
ׯˣ˼أׯžŷׯ
ŷׯҲΪѡ
ŭȷʵǺŭǣôоԵҲòǡ
ȥ񺣸ۡһ˰ɣŷׯ˵һ䡣

ڳ¹ׯ԰߸߲δʱ󹩳ĻӶߵϢҲ֮ˡ
£ס
û뵽Ӷ߾ȻǶǰۡĴܼΤǿ
ļٵģ
ȻģϢǴӳ¹ׯ԰ڲġ˵ǳ¹ׯʵ󡣡
⡭ΤǿǶǰۡĴܹܣΪҪӶɱ¾ܻׯ԰Уʲô»ׯ԰ôΤǿܹˣ
Ǻǡ
ʲô˼
ʲô˼ΤǿֻǶǰĴܼңпǴŶǰۡ־ġҲ룬ܻͰ»ΤǿܹܣΤǿ͸ĹӶɱׯ԰𣿡Цһ


2760 Ҫ
ΤǿǶ񺣸ۡĴܹܣܻ˽ԹҲ͹Ӷɱ˴ܻᡣ
Ҫ˵¶ȫ֪飬š
ѵܻᡢ»ׯ԰Ƕǰ˼
ǡǰΪҪܻᡢ»ᰡ
Ǵ߶ģĴǸ߸ϵģĪׯ԰˵ܻᡢ»ҲȥǶĴڡ
Ǻǣ⵱Ȼԭġ
ʲôԭ򣿡
ԭǳ¹ׯ԰½λϾԴˡ˵Դ˵˶ǰԶǰҪԴˡϢͨߵ
ԴҲ֪ǾԴ˵˶ǰǰܻʲô
ΪԴڽ¹ׯ԰֮ǰڴܻеġԴڽܻ֮ǰڰ»ׯ԰еġһ˵Դ˾ڰ»ׯ԰ƿصһ΢С󳡽ġ˸
ʲô£ǰΪŭԴˣͰ˾ԴĴܻͰ»ׯ԰Ҳ̫
ģǿˡ

ֻǰ»ᱻǹעµ߿϶ࡣǴܻᱻǾͲͬˡܻׯ԰ͷׯ԰ׯ԰Ϊƽأôܲ˹ע
ټϺ¹ׯ԰ȫ£˵¹򶼱ˡ˽еĶԹǣҲıҿˡ
¹Ǳ֪µʹǶǰô
ӦҲ͵Ϊֹ˰ɣɱһһˣҲ˽
ǰ¹ׯ԰Ӧò붡ǰжԵġǰǻ¹ľŷׯ˽
˵¹ׯ԰ҲȷʵԾǲ׷񺣸ۡǶͷׯ԰ԣҲһܱɡ¹棬ҲûطŰ

ڳ¹ڣ֯ɷڵľ档
ߣΪ¹ׯ԰ʱ붡˺
Уŷׯ뿪˳¹ׯ԰һǰ񺣵ĸۡ
ʱ򣬶񺣸ۡΧҲ߾ۼǣûе̫ӽ񺣵ĸۡΧĻǿԵġ񺣸ۡҲ
ŷׯжȻҲǱڶ߿ˡ
쿴Ǿŷׯˡ
ŷׯˣǼȷʵ붡ǰйء¹ׯ԰ƺǲ͵󡢼ɱΪֹ
ŷׯһģȻҲ󶯸ɸꡣĿܣǾŷׯ붡ǰЭ̽¡
ΪԳϻǰ»ᡢܻᶼǾԳϴׯ԰𣬾Գϲ֪ʲô顣ȫɣҲû취ԳöǰΣ
Ǻǣöǰûʲô취Ҳ̬ǡڣ;ŷׯˣǾԳӰû˿Ҳô
ֻǿϧ˴ܻͰ»ׯ԰ׯ԰˭˭ˣƽ׵֮֡
ڶ߿ŷׯֽ񺣵ĸۡС
ŷׯ
ŷյֽδ£ۡһܼұ˳еĶ񺣹
ǸˣѾȺʱˣŷׯۡǹܼҼ˵
ŷڰ˵ֳ˵ɡ
˵仰ʱ򣬾ŷҲһԶ˵ڶߡ
Ѿڵĸ˷顣ԣŷ붡񺣹˵Ǹõѡ
ǹܼŷׯĻ˶ٺת븮֮ۡڡ
ú󣬶񺣱ǴӸۡڷڶվ֮ϵľŷׯ档
ŷ֣£Цžŷ塣
֣ӦҲ֪Ǽ¡ΤǿȻ㸮ۡĴܼң˴ֲҪŷׯ˵
ö񺣽ΤǿҲ͵˽ˡ¹ׯ԰ʵҲòˡ
ŷ֣Ҳ̫˼۾˵
֣Ҫӣҳ¹ׯ԰ŷɫһȵ
ŷ֣治˵ʲô㵽ûͷûβľ˵ҸۡΤǿ˴ʲô˼Ҳ̧
֮գˡ
Զ˵ǣһҲǵɴ۾䡣
ϵͷ֮䣬ڽһ޵Ľ
ãȻҾ˵øһЩ㸮ۡΤǿӶ󡢼ɱ֣˴ܻׯ԰Ͱ»ׯ԰ǴҪΤǿس¹Сŷͳ˵
ܻ飬˵ˡŷΪʲôҪ˵ΤǿӶͼˣȻ׼û˿ԥͷʡ
Ѿˣ֣˼һҵ顣ŷׯһ˫ĿƵĿŶ񺣡


2761 ͷڹ
ŷׯڼͣʱû˵붡ֱӵĹϵ
ŷׯĻȴǲмЦһ
ŷ֣Ļȫˣ˵ΤǿӶ˵ΤǿûйӶѵŷԸһɱֶԸң񺣵
㡭ŷׯǿѹеŭ⡣
ŷ֣벻Ҫ˵ˡĻҸۡҪˣҪҽܹۡΤǿԴֻ˵Ǹˡֱһڡ
̬ѾǳȷύԼۡΤǿ¹ᴦáŷ˵ٶ࣬ҲһĽҪô¹ׯ԰Ϳս
ãðŷׯŭЦ
ת뿪
ŷ֣鷳ת澰Сʵʵڳ¹ׯ԰ǧҪ񺣶ԾŷׯӰɭɭ˵һ䡣
˼˵þԼͷڹ꣬Ǹҳ¹ׯ԰ǻᷢʲô˵ˡ
ھŷׯӰȫʧ֮󣬶񺣲ĿһɨһԶ˵ߣһصԼĸ֮ۡڡ
Ƿ𣿡ߵ
̸Ϸɣû
ǰԸ⽻ˣŷׯ˰¹ׯ԰һʱܵѹĻҪ󡣡
ǰҲһ㣬޼ɵɣƽʱҲ˶ԾŷׯԳ¹ׯ԰
˭˵ǡ
Ӷ񺣸Ǿ仰˴ܻͰ»ׯ԰ûܵԾԵŭ𰡡ǾԳ뿪¹ׯ԰񺣸»ĻԾԳ֡
ԳҲ㣬ڶҳ¹ׯ԰벽ڳ¹ׯ԰ڣǾͺܰȫԳϣҲֻܼڳ¹ׯ԰ˡ

ڶ࿴ֵߣµ̸ų¹ׯ԰Իж񺣸֮Ĺϵ
ŷׯص˳¹ׯ԰Ҳ񺣵̬ȴ˳¹ׯ԰ׯ԰£ǷǳŭҲûа취ͨׯ԰̽ϴصϢǻͿղԽԽԾˡŷׯڶ߲׼ܵսˡ
սһᷢĿǰļ󿴣սĿѾܸߡ¹ׯ԰Ҳòص׼
µʱһζ
һգԵס
䣡
ڣӿռͻȻҵһӿռĹģٶȵ
ʱ򣬾Ե˵ڰ˴ɱ䡣ڲϵ̷֮ʱȫУڰ˴ɱ䡣
Ըڵһӿռ䣬ÿһӿռڲǷǳˡ
ӿռ֮ڣж
ǽжԱȵĻһӿռ䣬඼а¹ׯ԰ôˡôһǷǳֲڰ˴ɱʹﵽ˵Ĺģ˵ھŴɱĻһӿռ䣬Ƕôˡڣӿռˡһӿռ䣬൱һ΢硣һڣǱ΢硣
ѹ֣ߵǿȺܴﵽôֲĵز
ڻԪ޵ߣļޣҲһ΢ļޡߣȴ΢硣Աȣ൱ȻǷǳĿֲ
ֻǣҪɵھŴɱǾ͸ˡڣԵ֮ʣܶࡣ֮ĸԵɱķѵʱܴȵ̡ûֻ֮ȪɱĻ治֪Ҫá꣬Ҳʮ꣬˵
ɵڰ˴ɱ䣬ҵͳ̶ȣͬзǳ޴ڵսӦԿ⸱ׯˡѰ˼š
ʱҲȷԼսһΣողڰ˴ɱ䣬û븱ׯｻ֣ҲûһԶԱȵĻ׼
΢ӿռģÿһռɵ͸ˡڣҾͽЩռӯͬʱ΢ӿռȹ֮Ȫͨ΢ӿռ䡣
̾ͿöˣʮʱڳȪ£ڵ΢ӿռȫӯ
󣬾Աˡ
ԳסֱӢŵɵۡʱڱչУҲ֪ܻͰ»ׯ԰²ôˡ
ԣˣɵۼԣЩϲĵ
ţѾȡ˲СĽǰǼ²ˣɵʵ
ѾˣܻͰ»ׯ԰ˣһһмۡˣɱֵݡѾɱʱѺׯ԰ڣׯ˵˼ǵ֮С󣬿϶Ǳˡɵ˵
ɱ֣ǲԵ޹ʾ͹ܻͰ»ׯ԰ɣǼȻɱ֣ǿ϶˹ӶǲǡԵ


2762 ǰ
ûйӶɱֳԱ˳ŵûðŵ¹ķ˴ܻͰ»᣿
ɵۣҲûžԡ
ȷʵ˹Ӷǣ
ץסϣΤǿӶǡɵ˵
Τǿʲôˣü
ûΤǿˣǰȥ񺣸ۡʱΤǿʱҲڸ֮ۡڡ
ΤǿǶ񺣸ۡĴܹܡɵ˵
ɵôһ˵ԾȫˡԵϣһĨЦ⸡ֻ֣Цȴ͸ű䡣
ȻȻǸĶ񺣣
ϻ쵰
ԵƣѾڲսе棬ٶȵķȼ
ܻؿׯׯˣҵ塣ĽͯҲڰ»ׯ԰ڡڰ»ׯ԰ׯ࣬ڰ»ׯ԰ûҵׯ壬֮ϸ²̽ãû̽ټɵҡҡͷϾΡ
Ե۾ʼ졣
ׯǱô˵Щɳơ
ŷׯټ߲վʱڲ붡˺ŷׯҲרȥ˶ϣܽΤǿǳ¹ᴦãֱӾܾׯҪ󡣶񺣣˹Ӷɱһ¡ɵҡͷ
ǺǡЦ
ԣ¼ãҲܹ־ŷׯΪܻᡢ»Ḵʵǣ¹ڴҲܲׯ԰߾ǳ¹ǲǻᡢղѾĦˡ
ԣлġܻͰ»ׯ԰ߣװȥǣлΪǸġɵ۽Ծ˵
οԣϣʱȽлҶ񺣱ڳ¹ȷʵһҪǳ¹ׯ԰ߣҲѸ辰̫֧֡ŷׯ֧־ԣҲҪҲõȾȶ֮
ǰ֪ׯѴû£ȫ⡣˵
ţͺáղ˵αչͻˡ磬дд裿ɵ۱˸⣬ɵ
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Ӣŵ뿪֮󣬾ȷʵԼס
ɵҲ¾Ժרµ˸žԣ뿪¹ׯ԰һʱµ˵Գϻס΢һЩ
ȴ֪ҹĵĳסֱڿգɳ˳¹ׯ԰ԣŶ񺣸ۡȥ
ڳ¹ׯ԰ܲһЩصߡ棬вǻͿղ̽ӡںҹ뿪¹ׯ԰ȻǷˡܹӳ¹ׯ԰̽ӣǾǾӢеľӢǲʵǿ䷽ҲǷǳͨ
Ǿԣ
Գ˳¹ׯ԰Ҫȥ
ҵ֪ͨϴˡ

գӢŵ
ˣˡԳϴˣѾׯ԰ڡɵ۵ҴҽڵԲˡ
ʲôɵ۷һ
ô£뿪Ӣŵǻȥ𣿡ɵ۵۵
쾰Դȷʵصסɽ졭ͲˡӢŵԱҲЩ֣̿ȷʵЩˣھԷɳׯ԰ʱȻû֡
ɵۻ䣬ݺݵĵһۣǳӢŵȥŷׯ
ε˵뿪˳¹ׯ԰ʲôʱ£ŷׯü
Ӧҹ䣬վԳغȥӢŵңѾ֪󡢼ɱֵ£Ҳ֪Ӷ˵Ƕ񺣸ۡׯˣԴ˷ȥ񺣸ۡˡɵۿЦ
ȥҶ񺣣
֣
С쵰ôôĵӣȥҶ񺣣ԷŷׯصĶ˶ţ١
ׯˣҴھȥ׷ԣϣüסɵ۵
ŷׯŷׯ˵һġ
εһȥɣŷׯ΢һ¾˵
ŷׯεһͬ뿪¹ׯ԰񺣸ۡȫٷУھԵִﶡ񺣸֮ۡǰסԣҲڶɱ֮ǰϵ񺣵ĸۡ
Գ뿪¹ׯ԰ȻŷׯεҲׯ԰ȥ׷ϢҲǺܿڳ¹ׯ԰ڴ
ׯ԰ڵĳԱ׷
˵Գһ˾ȥ˶񺣵ĸۡ
ôܣôȥҶ񺣣
ʵˣ˵ҹ뿪ׯ԰ġ
ǰһʱ䣬Գϲ˸չصĽڶ𣿡
Ȼ֮ǰչһʱ䣬ܶΪڱչ˾ãΪ˶ܴܻͰ»Ḳ£ǵı˱˵ųĽڡ


2763 ƥ
¹ׯ԰֮ڣþԲչ߲Ƕþڶܡ
ھȴ뿪˳¹ׯ԰֮ǰΪ˶ܶ񺣸ۡ˵ԼǱչأֵνͣ
ԳֻȥҶˣ
ӦǵİɣҲȷԳ뿪ׯ԰
˳ȥҶˣׯ˺ӢŵѾȥ׷ˡ
ԳһԶ񺣣ǺΣհ֪񺣣ɱׯ԰λ𣿡
֮ǰ񺣹Ӷɱֻٵ˴ܻׯ԰Ͱ»ׯ԰ׯ˾Ѿǳŭˡվׯû붡˺ɱǵľԳϣׯ¾޿ˡ
ǺǣǾ϶񺣣ǶֵĿԾͺܴ󡣾ԳȶֵĻ񺣲ġ
¹ׯ԰֪ԳϿȥҶ˺Ҳ˽ֵܻľ档
Լٸ·գǽӽ񺣸ۡˡ
ȫУٶȸͲЩ֮¡
ھԵֽ񺣸ۡʱ򣬲ǻͿղׯ԰ĸ߲㣬ҲõһϢ񣬾Ծׯ԰Ϊעߣׯ԰ڳ¹ׯ԰ܲвٵ̽ǵҪǶҾԡ
ȥҶˣ
ӣţ
֪֮ǲǱЯˣǴϣǿҪ붡ˣ
ǻׯ԰ߣׯ뼸λ߲һڡ
ׯҵǾ֮붡ֲ֮ǻ¡һׯ˵
֮ھУЩְ⸱ׯ
ţеԱ󣬿վŽˡԱɱ֮붡֣֮ǶԸ˵׶ˡʵǿҲ޷ǲǻׯ԰⡣Ȼˣǿղ϶Ҳһ֣ʱһη־ˣҶһݱ㶼ܽܡׯ۾΢е
ׯˣҾھӦòȡжˡǣռСңղǱҲһǻλ˵
ԣһˣҲһȥɡׯһ
ǣڳļͬʱӦ
ͬʱղǱҲƵղĶһׯڵõϢҲׯ԰߲˿ղׯ԰ܲų¹ׯ԰

ˣԵӰٶȽ͡
ĿۣǰĶ񺣸ۡ
ʱ򣬶񺣸ۡΧвٵ߾ۼȵܻոոʱ˺ܶ࣬Ȼвδ뿪Ͼһ㣬ʱȥҲ̫
ʱҲûʲôע⵽ոշɹľԡ
ʱ䣬ȥʵǲ١ԵߣҲȷʵࡣڵȷʵܴˣǴ˶ֻ˵ǼԱˡ
쿴Ǹ˷ǰĸۡˡ
ھѾ붡񺣸ۡܽʱע⵽ˡ
ǿߣݺʵǶǸ߸ϵġ񺣸߲̫ۡӽġ̫ˣۡڵ˱Ƕ֡һЩҶײۡߣֱۡӺɱ
ԣƽʱҲû߿񺣸̫ۡǶڸۡΧ
Կ񺣸ۡܽʱȻͱĿ
ǡ
˭û
ǶǰۡĳԱ֪ðġǺǣƺֿˡۡڣܿ˳һˡ
Χߣܶ඼Ц̸š
ڶ񺣸ۡסΣ֮ϡ
ಣӰӸۡڷɳ
ߣ뿪Ƭ򡣡ۡڷɳߣžȵ
ƥޱ飬Ŷߺȵ
Ӷ񺣸ۡɳߣҲζǶǶ񺣸ۡڵĻ
Եĺ΢΢һ㶡
ƥʲôƥǣȻûиҽǵĸϵһ
Ҳǣ
ڣҲû˸񺣸Ҳ񺣣ĿŵģӦǲڵġ
û˵öƥ˵ʱ򣬾ִһ
һӣȻˡ֪ʲôطðСӣǵĸƥ
ΧߣҲˡҲ࣬ھ˵һ仰ʱҲû뵽Ƕ񺣸Ȼ񺣣ǲǻζ𣿿ɵԺһ仰˵ǾͲˣԶָˡ


2764 
ԭֺȺʱˡ
⾿ðߣǲ⣿
ǰĸۡǰǰƥ
˭ʶʲôˣ
ʶδʵƺ͵ӣղԶйʱҿˣķٶȺܿ죬ӦҲεߡߵ۾˵
һﵽҲεߣô飿
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ҼǾԡƷҵ
ԣ
ţǳ¹ׯ԰½Ͼԡߵ˵ͷ
ȷʵԣǾԵһ񺣸ۡʱ򡣵ʱľԣƷҲΡһξʱƷҲ񺣡
ԳϣѵΪ˴ܻͰ»ׯ԰ģô˵Ҷǰģ
ôң±ǰɱ𣿶ңһģŷׯ¹ǿƺû
ܶ߶һ¶ŵɫ
Сӣ񺣸ۡĻˡ
ǵȻܶ޶ԡ
漴ͳԼԳɱȥֻǿϧҲζûﵽǰһĵġ
ԼɱĶ񺣸ۡ¶һĨЦֱ̧һ˳ȥ
ֲſ񱩵ķϯ
飡ֱӾͱķ˳ȥǵɳȥٶȼ죬й
廹ڵɵĹоѾˡ
񺣸ۡڣʱ˸ĶһӰڶ
ʲôˣôĹ£
һŴܹΤǿӰ֡ΤǿǶ񺣸ۡڶʵҲǼǿžԣĿɱת
СӣʲôˣΤǿʵ
˭ҲŶΤǿ
ΤǿΤǿԼ֡
ΤǿǺǣƥ򣬾Ӷ󡢼ɱֵİɣЦһؽǴӺȡš
ţΤǿ΢΢һ㶣뵽һˣ¹ׯ԰½Ͼԡ
ʶ˿ܣڿǲһˣ¹ûиžһһȦȷ⸽ֻоһ¹ׯ԰ĳϡ
ǾԣΤǿ
ûҾǾԣ
ԣ㲻ڳ¹ʵʵͷڹ꣬£㡭ĪǲˣΪг¹ׯ԰ΪΪˣΤǿž˵
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ôĹΤǿŭҲȡһȫڶžӭ˹ȥ
ΤǿܹʵҲǷǳǿġȻڶǰۡٳ֣ھƷҲУҲ϶⼶˰ɣׯ԰ϣҲûΤǿܹǿһʶ㲩ߵͳ˵
˵Գϵʵ¹ׯ԰ţ߳ϵʵ൱ҲǷǳֲˣǲ֪ϢǼ١Ŀž
ţ߳ϣҲûΤǿܹǿɣҾãΤǿܹܵʵҪţ߳ϸǿһ㡣
ΤǿڳֵĴȷʵ࣬ǺܶñȽϾõ֪Τǿǿġ
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񺣸ۡϿգӰǽ֡ԺΤǿеǽӴ
䣡
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飡һӰ䵽Ϸġ
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ΤǿܹܵʵǺǿôȾԳϲ˺ܶడһν֣ͱԳϺ䵽˵ϣ⣬ǲе󣿡˴Ų˼ı˵
Τǿʵȷʵǲģܱţ߳΢ǿһ㣬ڵľȣǲ̫ˡֻɵߴɱʱ򣬾Ѿܻţ߳ˡڳ֮صʱţ߳䣬һֱɱȥţ߳ǻᱻɱġ
ھԸ˵ڰ˴ɱ䣬ڳ֮صʱǿ˲֪١ţ߳뾰Խ֣Ǹͼֲ˶ʱ䡣
Τǿܹܵʵǲǲûеôǿ
ô᣿ΤǿܹǰѾˡʱΤǿܹܵʵׯ԰λϲࡣ
ʲôۡΧߣ඼е⡣


2765 ս
䵽ϵΤǿĿ⺧Ȼſеľԡ
Ҳ޷⡣
ŵĵһײѾʶ˾֮ǿʢΤǿԼʵǱȽŵģ磬ʵܹΤǿ߲ûУҲ̫ࡣ뾰һȣȴǱȾԲԵһءͨһν棬ԼͲǾԵĶ֡
ôôǿôģΤǿеૡ
ڸ֮ۡڣвٹھԵ鱨ΤǿҲ֪ڳ֮ؾţֹ߽ʵϾռϷġǾҲǿᵽزɣ
ΤǿЩʱ׼һιΤǿ붡񺣶һ֮ѣ
ٶȳԣۡвٻ߶ͼԡֻǣǵʵҲԵĸٶ΢һЩȫסԣǲܵġ
飡飡飡
һӰԳ̹ȥԸٶȵɳȥ
ס֣
֮ۡУһƵĺ
ˡ
񺣴һ΢΢һ漴ͷɵ˿Сһ˫ɭĿⶢžԡ
񺣣ڿ¶ˡҲͬŶĶ񺣡
ԣõĵӣ㣬֪֪ԼʲôǾŷģ񺣵ͳ쳹֮䡣
Ȼ֪ŷ岻þһ񺣸ۡ
֪ˣǾ͹ֲˣھŷֵϣҶѾһ̡㣬ȴǵôߣһڣƺվڵ¸ߵԡ
ƥҲҪװͿ㣬ʵһСˡ֪ȥ¹ׯ԰Ҫܾ֮ͶһģҪҡҪңҾԻšǣȴôܻͰ»ׯ԰йҵķߺޡǺǣЦԼԶ֣ȴǹӶɱֶׯ԰ֱ֡ӵϻ쵰Ҳָңŭ
һɺԣϵɷŨˡ
УѾ㽫ɱˡԳ¹ׯ԰ȷʵЩɵּɵҲǺǿЩɵģǽˡ񺣣ҲĽĻỤžԡ
ѾɱĸۡĻɱ˾ԣԼҲռסԶˣɱԼۡڵĶԼѵַܳѵԼֻԼۡڵĳԱɱ⣿
Ҳǲˡ
£񺣾ɱ˾ԣҲ᲻׵ľͶ񺣶ְɣ
ϵ֮Ҳ񺣾ֵðաɵԣ˾Ե֮ʱͿԶĳطù֮ٴŵǸʱ񺣵ʵׯ԰ׯ֮ˡ
ˣԵʵ鱨صĻҪǿΤǿѾ·ɵ˿Уڶ񺣵ߵ˵
˾ԵһΤǿ壬ѾһЩˡƲأܳܵˡ
ʵΤǿҲԵʵƺȵţֵ߽ʱǿһЩһΤǿ䣬ڸۡҲǿ˵ġ
񺣶Τǿ΢ɲĵ˵ͷӶžԡ
СӣϷúý˵ĵ׼ԾԳˡ
ֱʱûоԼɱ˾ԡ񺣵ĸʵڣǰʮ֮еġʵԽˣָҲׯ԰ׯˡҼǼׯʵʵҲǿʲôɱҲ濹õġ
ԣ㾰ڵʵȵڳ֮ţֵ߽ʱǿһЩҲʲô
񺣣ҵƥҡԺȵ
˵ɣĵ׿һ㶼Ҵ⡣ʵʵ˵Բκεİܹⶡ񺣡
Զ˵ڶߣһ񷢹⡣
ּǿ֣߳ɲô׿ߣûмۼ񺣸ֵġǼܹ񺣸뾰Խ֡
ھһΤǿ֮ǰǿ϶þԿ񺣸һжӲסʱǾͲ뷨ˣ񺣸ҪɱԣҲ÷ѲٵĹ
ۣкɫӶһǼԽӽ
ԲδԭرǺֳؽӭ
¡
˵ڿռײֻؽȻһһɾϯһȻһЩĵҲܹжһЩӶ洫
񺣵ȷʵǿֲ˼㣬㾰ԿĿƾж²ǵɳһξ롣񺣣ڿкһӡ


2766 ͵Ϯ
ϣ붡񺣱ȣȷʵһЩ࣬ಢ̫
ԺܿڿסΣ˫üŵĵһν֣ҲԵһ
Եǿزˣ˼⡣
һμԵʱ򣬾ԻֻһƷҲεߣʱûԵ¡Ǿԡڶμڳ֮أʱǾƷңӵѹţߵʵμ棬Եʵ͵һأǱ񺣶̫ˡ
˾һۡ
û˵κλһǰ壬Գ˹ȥ뵽ˣβɱԣҲлˡ
ƥҲˣҲǱ뺷һ㶼ûܵ˼δ£ٴ񺣳˹ȥ
飡ٴαɳһξ롣
С飬ҿֶܼáȵ
֪ҪնɱǲˣɱԣҲֻľԵȾԵĵһ̶ȣȻͿԽɱ
Եĵȼ̫죬ⲻôȹ̣΢ӿռ䴢ӦЩʸǳϵԵĲࡣ
񺣣ˡ
Ҷ񺣻룬ֱӻмξԵǻɱԵĹܴ̾ȵ̡֣ԴϢĻᡣ
ڿкܿͽʮΣ񺣷һ⣬ʱȷʵռϷ磬ٶȳֹȴûþæҡÿһιԶ׼ȷֵס
ԺͶ񺣵ɱ̣ΤǿЩԽܡԣôģΪʲôÿζܾ׼ĵס˵Ĺͺ񣬸˵Ĺ켣ǰ֪һ㡣
Զ˵ڶߣһЩʵԽϵ͵ģҲġǷ֣񺣸ĹûһֱܹӻоԵ壬¶񺣸ռϷ磬ǾԳʼնеؽʱĵסǶ񺣸мβͱԵؽ塣

ŷׯɵۣҲǽӽ񺣸ۡˡ
Ȼȫٸ·û·׷Ͼ԰ŷׯҡҡͷ
ǰѾǶ񺣵ĸۡˡ
Ҷ񺣱ôھԿ϶Ѿ˶񺣸ۡ˵˫Ѿˡ
ǰϣֵܼǵִɡɵۺһ
ڰ·׷ϾǲˣôֻϣԻţϣûбɱ
˵ʱٶҲû˿Ľ͡ӰȻȫŶ񺣸ۡӽֻҪǵִʱԻţǶ񺣾ɱˡ
ˣ
յʱ󣬱ܿ񺣸ۡˡŷׯͷ
񺣸ۡϿգԺͶ񺣵ɱļˡڸոգҵһᣬеؽݺݵڶ񺣵ϣ񺣻ס񺣵ټܾͣԵһҲǷǳܵģԵĴҲ١
ģԵЩ
ƺǷ˲ֵķأ˼ڻоԵϡĽǣؽֱӻĴˡԿʱȫܵסԹȴأǽתΪӲܾԵĹȡоԵ塣
ֻǿϧ뷨ǳãʵȴǾڹؼʱסĹ
϶̫ǿˡ
ɱ̫ѣ
ȻѾΣƲءɱȥɱҲɲ˼ת
ǿߣȷʵ̫ɱˡ
񺣸֮ۡǰҲ׼ûΣԼһɱ񺣡
ɱ񺣵ĻҲҪɵǸܹΤǿ
ΤǿһֱڲԶţҲһ͵Ϯԡ
ΤǿƺҲ͵ϮҡԹ۲쵽ΤǿĿ⡣
Ȼ͸һᡣ΢΢һ
ڽ붡񺣵һνУԹ壬ԼΤǿһЩ
ΤǿһֱžԣԽӽԼʱһʶԼ͵ϮĻˡʱҲܲԼ͵Ϯ᲻ᱻ˳ЦˣҲ׶񺣵˼֪˷ǳɱԡΪˣ㱻˳ЦģΤǿҲˡ
СɣΤǿõķʽԾԷһѾãȫԼιϡ
㡭޳ܣ͵ϮңԷ·ͻȻŷΤǿҪ͵ϮԼ¶һĨֵɫ
Եı仯Τǿ˼Ϊһȥ㾰СҲˡʱֻҪ㲹һҪ⾰С


2767 ɱΤǿ
ΤǿѹͷĿϲ
ȥɣ˻
붡񺣽嵹ΤǿΤǿҵ͵ϮǺܺõģȾԾ㹻ɣܻоԵ塣£žԻܲٿеؽֵĹ
ã
Τǿܹܳˣְ㾰Գϡ
⡭Ҳ̫Ҫ˰ɣԳ붡񺣸֣ΤǿһߵȻ͵Ϯ㾰Գϣ
޳ܣ
᲻Ƕ񺣸͵ϮԳϣˣǶ񺣸Ҳ
Զ˵ߣҲΤǿ͵ϮԵĶ£ԳƺûκοܵסˡԳΤǿȫһǱضˡ֮󣬾Գϻܵס񺣸Ĺ𣿴ǣԲܡ
ҲΤǿĹ䵽˾ԵϣҲûܿеؽֵ
ˡΤǿϲѾ಻סˣѾоԼе˾Եϡ
ֻǣΤǿԵȴǲ΢΢һ㶡ԵǴЩŵɫǾԵȴǿκεĻҡ⣬ЩԾ
ûΤǿӦеؽѾնԴ
ԶΤǿ͵Ϯ׼Τǿ͵ϮԼҲλɵΤǿ
£ҪɱΤǿҲסȻҲΤǿǿ࣬ҪɱΤǿҲúķһʱ䡣жڳĻ˵ԾͲ̫лɱΤǿ
Τǿ͵Ϯ͵Ϯþȫ˹ϡΤǿıԾͻñȽ־Ҫɱʱġ
ȻˣԵƻҲһðաΪԼΤǿЧĻƱҲҪΤǿȫһܻؽֵΤǿĻΤǿĹҲ޷
ԣԼ壬ӲΤǿι
ʲôΤǿѾԼţɫ䡣
ôܣôôΤǿ⡣
ûʶһҲǰ׼û׼ĻǾԻڴʱΤǿ˵ܷҲ̫ǿ
飡
ۣ
ΤǿĹھԵ뾰ԵĹΤǿĶͷͬʱġ
ֻԵ壬ǰֱӻеĵطƺ̮ȥһЩԵҲһ֮£ʯһ׹档ΤǿڵλãǱȾԸһ㡣
ٿΤǿΤǿ嵹û׷ɳȥԶԴһ롣ΤǿϵԴʱֻʣһˣһǻΪѪûһ£εȫһţԲáԴһ룬Ǽǲ̫ϣȥˡ
Τǿڿ׷һ󣬱Ǵӿ塣
Τǿ
񺣺ȻĿΤǿһ
ҲûϵˣΤǿ͵ϮǷ˵ģҲϣΤǿ͵ϮԳɹûɱԱȽѣΤǿ͵ϮԳɹˣǽɱԽüࡣǣΤǿ͵ϮȷʵǳɹˣΤǿҲԺݺݵĻԴ
ӰѸһ£ΤǿӽȥоΤǿϢѾɢˣۿǻˡ

С쵰飬ҪסΤǿʬ壬Сĵķŵ˵ϣȻĿת˾ԡ
ʱľԣѾӵվǹѪӲΤǿһҲɣов΢ӿռ䶼˱ļɢҵںֱײζίʵǷǳܡʱܿס
ȣһ³һѪ
͵ϮңߣԿű񺣷һԵΤǿ˵
Τǿܹˣ
Ӧáɡ
Դһ룬ܻŰ
Գϱ͵ϮȻּ˵³ַɱΤǿ̫ˡ
Ҳܹ־ԳϣΤǿܹܵΪҲ̫ˣžԳ붡񺣽ս͵ϮԳϣɱҲǸá
˵û
Զ˵ǣûмͬΤǿġ͵ϮΪ˱ġһΤǿԴҲȷʵǾˡΤǿҲվڼ˲εߣôһɵˣٻЩꡣ
С飬һͷް˾ԡ
Ѿˣ˭õ񺣸ܷŹĻᡣΤǿҲ˵˾ԡ
Զ˵ǣҲɵĸŽԳѾˣǻܵס񺣸ʢŭµĹ


2768 ȥ
һͷޣ۾ź⡣Τǿ֮ȷʵҲ񺣷ǳʹϣں˺ٺ٣ܹΤǿһ
ΤǿھУôʱĶֻһͷǾǽԻɱ
ԣҲǿٴؽ񺣳ɱȥʱľҲ֪붡ɱȥԼûҲɱ񺣸˵ʱơԣҲһѵߡ
񺣵ĸۡûɱ񺣣Ҳ̫ʧ׼ܹܹΤǿȡ˲׵ĳɼȽԼʵǿһЩɱҲ١ԣҲûҪھ붡ĵס
䣡ٶȽսһ
Կǿޱȵ壬ѹסڵơв΢ӿռҲвܿƵھʱ侰ȻܷӳӽԼȫʵ
ûôǿ壬ǾԾˡڵƣѰ˵ôѹƵġҪѹƵĻҪֳ΢ӿռƱؾ͵ս
붡ײ˼κ󣬾ԵϢ޷Ŀʼ
һ뿪
ֻҪܰѶ񺣵ľҵٶȣ׷Ҳѡ˼⡣

ׯԻţ
Զˣɵۺ;ŷׯѾִɵۣ붡񺣽ֵľԣһȻˣŷׯͬǿˡ
žͺáԳϣҶ񺣱ˣŷׯɳһ
˷ٶȲֱ񺣵ĸۡ
쿴ǾŷׯӢŵˡ߿ɵ۶ˡ
ŷׯӦȾԳϵİɣ
Գ׺Τǿ͵Ϯ֮󣬻붡񺣸ɱ
֮ڣԳϵʵҲǰˡ
ţׯ԰ĸׯƱȾԳҲҪ΢һ

ǣԶĽ֮С
񺣸ס֣ŷׯһȴ
񺣺;ˣҲע⵽˽ӽеľŷׯɵۡͷ΢΢һɣλִԼͲóһѶˡ
ǷŭԾԵĹûֹͣھŷׯֹ֮ǰɱԣҲǰ첻ˡ
ŷׯǵ˽ס˶񺣶ԾԷһι
ŷׯҪɱԣһѣ㲻ҪֹҡĿ׺ݵĿžŷׯɭ˵
񺣸Ҫԣҳ¹ׯ԰λϡŷׯҡҡͷ˵
Ǻǣŷׯֹ㣬Ҳֹ㡣ɵ۾˵
ɵۿûʲô󰭣Ҳˡ
㣿ңƾʲô񺣲мĶɵ۵
ƾʵɵһ
񺣸㲻ɱ˾ԡŷׯ˵̬Ǽļ
״ЦĿĺ⡣
ãðҶ񺣣ԣ񺣻ϪµĵŵطӰޱȵԶȥ
С飬Ҷ񺣷ģɱ㣡񺣵Ӱʧʱִ
ƥƾܵĺǣҲҵ㲢ɱ㡣ԴӦ
Գϣû°ɣŷׯžԣ˾ǵѪüҡͷ˵̫嶯ˣһҶ񺣱𣿡
ׯ˵û̫ðˡûܼʱϵô죿ɵҲ˵
ƥҪɱңҲûôסΪɱΤǿҲ˵ġЦЦ˵
ʲôŷׯɵ۶΢΢һ㶡
ԣɱΤǿŷׯ˿
ⶡ񺣵ĸۡвʬ塣ΤǿԴһ룬ŷׯɵûΤǿʬ
ԣΤǿѾһɱԵͷ
ŷׯ˶ۡǣȻ֪ΤǿҲΤǿʵׯ԰ڣΤǿʵӦǽڸׯġ˵ǾŷׯԳɱΤǿҲ÷һЩ
ôôڶǰɱΤǿܹܵġ
ԣҲ̫׺˰ɵ¶ϲı顣
ﲻ˾Ȼصׯ԰˵ɡŷׯ˿ܽ˵
ԣׯ԰ɣ룬ǻͿղǱߵ˿Ҳɵ۵
ţҲӦ
ͬʱ붡񺣵ĸۡ
ʱ֮
ղĶһׯͲǻׯŴŸׯ԰ǿ񺣸ۡʱ򣬶񺣵ĸۡѾˡߺ󣬸ۡڻŵĳԱҲǴһЩмֵԴ뿪ˡۡȥգֻǿУƺŵѪζ


2769 ׼
һׯׯ֪һ뿪¹ׯ԰񺣸ۡλ÷Уǵʱ;þԿһȥҶ񺣱
һԿܱɱô֮ͻ붡֮֡ǣ취ö񺣽֮ҲҪ֮
Ƿѽǣǵִﶡ񺣸ۡۡȴѾˡۡвٽˣлеѪƺһսɱȥ
һ֣ٶȹ찡λׯ棬ׯЦ
Ҳһׯӵ
ׯЦһĿɨŸۡ
һ֣ôׯֿڵ
Ӧˣ붡񺣸߷ɱ˱ɱһׯ˵
ţǡ񺣸أׯ̧ü
λׯһۣ뵽һֿܣԱɱ񺣵õ֮Ϊ˱鷳ˡǿһ˼¶棬ǿĺҵ
ׯˣ˹Ǳߵһڣƺڼǣҽץˡʱһǻׯ԰ĳϣһץׯǰ
ţׯתĿץߡ
ԱߵĶһׯͬŴˡ
ʲôˣΪҪǣׯʵ
ҡûмӡҡһֱɫЩףӦǱŵġ
ҲǴﵽҲεģǷǻ᳤ץʱȴ֮ûСʶȺ˷ǳǳǿ
˵һֱڶ񺣵ĸ֮ۡڣׯֵ
ǵģһֱλ˹һЩԲſҲҪλˡ߻ش
ʲôˣΪڲׯʵ
ǸۡĻ߱Լݡ
ȷʵǶ񺣵Ļǰһ뿪˸ۡµЩҲѹһЩмֵԴ½ȥˡֻˣö񺣸ٻȶ񺣸ٻ
ĻׯͶһׯһ
ǸۡĻô˵ʲô飿㣬ϸ˵һ˵һׯһϵı˵
㽫շ飬꾡λׯһ顣ŻĽλׯɫҲˡΪ˵ľеĲһ
˵붡񺣸֣񺣸ɱԣңԻ˸ᣬɱ˸ۡĴܹΤǿׯ㵵ʵȷʵ޷
ģܹܴ˾Ǳɱġ
ôܣ
ȷ붡񺣸ֵʱû˳𣿡ׯüͷ塣
Сȷʱû˳֡¹ׯ԰ľŷׯӢŵˣ˵󣬸˾֪Լɱ˾ԣԸ˾һˡ˵
ׯͶһׯɶһۣ˶ڶԷп𾪵ɫ
ԣʵδ̫˰ɣ֮ǰڳ֮صʱ򣬾ԵʵҲͱȳ¹ׯ԰ţ߳ǿһѡŹȥãԾȻܹ붡񺣸սһڶսһɱ˸ܹۡΤǿΤǿҲѰ߰ΤǿʵӦǱׯ԰λ϶ǿһġ
ղͲǻˣ긮ۡ½ķءۡ⣬Ҳûķ֡
ˣׯۡӻֵ
лˣлˣۡлȻͷҲصķ뿪
λԴӳ֮سʱ䣬ʵֽܶడһׯͳ˵
ǰ񺣸ɱˡׯͷ
ҲһõϢ붡񺣽ֹУ˲û¶棬Ҳûвµļ󡣻˲ûҪӻ⾰Ե˼һׯ۾з
һ˵û֮ǰҲǹǵùͷˣô׼ʼɣׯǸһĨЦ
ţжˡʱϵ̫Ҳһׯ˵ͷ
ǻͿղͷׯ԰׼ֶԳ¹ׯ԰ˡңҲ˶ڵĶǿߣм˸붡񺣸һĴڡ

¹ׯ԰֮ڡ
Գϣ㲻һжġŷׯ̾һԾ˵
ׯˣܻͰ»ᶼҲŸġ˵
һɱ񺣸̫ۡΣˡŷׯ˵
֪ׯ԰ڵĴҲׯ˵ѴԸ񺣣Լɡȷʵǿһ˻ɱԿžŷׯ˵


2770 Ϫ
˵仰֮󣬾ŷׯɵ˵ıٴ΢΢һ䡣
ǰڶ񺣸ۡ飬ֱʱŷׯɵۻЩáԣѾ붡沫ɱˣ
ŷׯ³һҡͷ
ԳϣʵٶǽҲŵˡŷׯ
˭˵ǣҲû뵽ԵսôǿˡɵҲ˵
ٶУܴﵽǸΰɣŷׯ˿ԣֿ˿ɵۡ
Ժɵ۶֪ŷׯ˵ǸΣɵۡ
Խ磬ڣֻнһǸεĴڡ֮⣬ǿҲׯ԰ׯһЩǿߡ
ﵽǸ̫̫ˡɵžҡҡͷ
ԪͣĿǰŵɵۿֻкøһˡ
һԪͣɵͦģȴһɵ۵ĶûСɵвҲͦעģͱɵڻԪʱҲרо·ǹоɵ۴ġǹսҲܴﵽΡУȲһЩǿߡ
Գϣôɲ¹ׯ԰ˣѾõһЩϢǻͿղׯ԰ׯŶׯ԰ǿ߽ǳ¹򡣡ŷׯת˵
ţʱ뿪Ѿȷ֪ڻɱ񺣡ҪչһͻƺȥҶ񺣡Եͷ˵
ŷׯ˵ͷ
ӣԼչ
ڵѾ˵ڰ˴ɱ䣬΢ӿռҲȹ̣Ծͬʱ̷Ŀ֮ĵھŴɱ䡣
ʱһȥ
ڣһЩµı仯ˡ¹ׯ԰ǻᡢղׯ԰ĳͻ𽥱üҡӸķÿնӡׯ԰ԱҲԽԽࡣ
¹ׯ԰ڣϼҲʼƵ
ȥµʱ䣬ѾҲεڽսˡʱȥһ£¹ׯ԰һλϼһеȹģսС
һλϼ䣬¹ׯ԰¶˺ܴ𶯡ϼǿǾƷǿ߰
ׯׯ԰Ƿˡׯ԰ڣŷׯסϜׯɫ˵
ǻͿղᣬǴȫսˡׯ
һȺ쵰ֶԸǳ¹ׯ԰ׯҿʱһˡǱǳ¹ᱻһʳġǻͿղׯ԰ˣѾԽ߽磬ׯ԰ˡһλӹĵ
ʱ䣬¹ׯ԰ȡǱʩȦӡ
ʧֵĿɲǲǻͿղᣬǿߣһλҡͷ˵
ׯЩǿ߻ûлӦ𣿡ŷׯׯʵ
ׯʱ䣬һֱæһЩ֪ǿϵϣܹõǵİȻˣ¹ׯ԰Ҳṩĳ͡
һӦĶûСׯʵǵ˼Ҳܼ򵥣һЩδǻᡢղֵˣҲڹһǵһ̶ȣкܶһǰġׯ˵
ׯǵȪۣٻҪʮʱܿɡϜׯڵ̬ƣ˵ʮˣʱ¶Ųס
ׯׯ
ʱһߵȻҴ˽
ŷׯڳˣߵȻ
ׯˣǴӱϪׯ԰ķ顣һƤ˫ֵݸŷׯ
Ϫׯ԰Ҳǳ¹ׯ԰ڵһׯ԰ͬʱҲǳ¹ׯ԰ڱ߽總һصķ㡣ڱϪׯ԰¹ׯ԰Ŀǰһ֧Ƚǿʢľפ
ŷׯӹƤ򿪹ۿɫ֮˼֡
Ϫׯ԰սˡǻͿղһ֧ǿڹ㡣ŷׯ˵
Ϫׯ԰ǺҪܶˡɵü˵
Ϫׯ԰ȷʵǼҪ㶪˵ĻǽǻͿղׯ԰ԴΪ峤ֱ򵽳¹򸹵ء
㣬¹ׯ԰Ŀǰϼء
ε˵ûϪׯ԰סׯ
ţ߳ϡϣǶһ֧ʮҾǰϪׯ԰֧Ԯŷׯ˵
ǣţߺʹӦ
ׯţ߳ϺʹͬȥϪɡɵۿڵ
Ҳãε˴Ҳһȥɣŷׯ˵ͷ
ţߡɵˣɳ˾ŷׯסׯ԰ڵʮߵȻ͸µһ֧ӢӣϪȫٽ


2771 һ
Դӳ֮ؿʱ뾰Խֹһκţ߳ϽȷʵǱúܵ͵
˾ԵУţ߳ϵĴǺܴġӳ֮ػص¹ׯ԰ţ߳Ͼʱ䶼ڱչأûʱҲټ͡ȥȣͺһƵġ
ڳ¹ׯ԰ǻͿղׯ԰ֹׯ԰¶񾭣ţ߳ȻҲǵóսСô˵ţ߳λľƷߣʵǼΪǿġڳ¹ׯ԰ڲʵܳţ߳ϵĲࡣ
ӳ¹ׯ԰֧ܲӢӣϪׯ԰λ÷С
·ϣţ߳ɵҲûʲôΪԵĹϵţ߳Ϻɵ֮ҲٴһЩ١ֽׯ԰Ŀǰܵѹ˵Ͳʲôˡţ߳ϻɵۣ϶ϣ¹ׯ԰ׯ԰ܡ
պ֧ӢӱǵִڱϪׯ԰ķ㡣֮ǰطѾ¹ׯ԰ľƷҲء
פͳ˧ǳ¹ׯ԰Ĳλϡλ񲨣ţ߳һľƷңʵţ߳൱ɵȺ˸սϪׯ԰񲨳ϾһȺ˳ӭӡ
˼棬໥򵥵Ĵкϣǽɵ۵ȼλƷҲָҡ
񲨳ϣܲӵԮׯǼˡţ߳϶Բ񲨳˵
ţϪսǳղͲǻׯ԰ѾζǷĹˡ񲨳ϵͷ˵
񲨳ϣǽһսɡɵ̧Ŀ
á񲨳Ӧ
ĿǰھǱϪ֮⣬ǻͿղׯ԰פյ鱨֮дƷҲεʱ䣬ԷƷҲεֹ߳ǻ֣ԷƺڵǲµľƷҲ߼뵽֮СҲ²⣬빥ǵıϪ㣬Ȼ뵽ǳ¹ĸء񲨳ϻ˵
Է빥ƱϪ㣬ҲԤ֮С㣬ǳ¹ׯ԰ΧΪҪķ֮һׯҲ˵ˣ㲻ʧɵ۵ͷ˵
λ֧ԮǵķࡣȶԷһĲࡣ񲨳˵
죬Էû֯ǵĹԤУ׼룬ԷǴһǺݵġԷȫϪ㣬ǵķߡ񲨳ϼ˵
ֿж󣿡ɵüʵ
߰˳ɵĿԣҲŻôżķܲԮ񲨳ϵɫҲء
Ƿѡһ£ţ߳Ͽڡ
еģλļ룬ǵǴơ󡣡񲨳ҡҡͷ
ţǾֻܵŶԷˡţ߳ϵͷ˵

ǻͿղפ㣬һʱפ㣬λѾڳ¹ڡ
פڣͳ˧һǲǻλϣһǿղĳϡλͳ˧ҲûвʲôӰ졣λͳ˧ֱͳԼׯ԰ľӣֻڹϪʱ֧ӲŻ
һգӲǻͿղׯ԰֧ܲȺʱפ㣬֧ӵʱ䣬ֻвʱ֧ӵִׯ԰פĸ߲Ǿۼһ
ָڣһʮƷҲεߣǻͿղˡ
ǰ죬ӳ¹ׯ԰ܲһ֧Ԯ˱Ϫ㡣Ǵ̽һ£Ԯг¹ţ߳ϡϺεˣʵǻׯ԰ߵͳ˧˳ϻ˵
˵ϪڣĿǰԷаƷߡղߵͳ˧ϵ
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ׯͶһׯľǣ±Ϫ㡣˳Ͽϡ
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ϣأ˿
ûʲô˵ģ׼սɣ粻˳٣ҿڽϷȫ湥ǡֻҪ㣬ǵֱܳˣһ˵
ţҲ˼Ȼһ£ôͽչһ±Ϫ㡣ڣλȥ׼һ¡˳ϵͷ
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2772 ׶ξս
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ʱפڣߴӿЩߣڸׯ԰ϵ£Ϫׯ԰˹ȥ
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̽Ϣ֪һʮƷҲεߡңʮƷȫˡ
ţϣһν׶ԵľսһܵסղᡢǻӦûķڱϪ㣬ʱӦòٷģԱϪĹ񲨳˵
ΣǶõסԷɵ۵
ûλжɣ񲨳ֵ
ڳϼ׷׵ͷ
ͷׯ԰֮ĴģսʽҲǺܼ򵥴ֱģǿ˭ȼֲסô˭ʧܵһòʲôıͿ˭ȭͷ
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ң¹ׯ԰ߵԶԶġǻͿղսļǴﵽεߡΪʱţҪٹƳ¹ׯ԰ķȦֻܵʵǿĳԱеȼζûﵽôǺѸϵġЩµߣٶԱȽǻͿղׯ԰߲ĵģľӣ̫˷ʱˡ
¹ׯ԰һൽһ̶ȵĻôεͨսϵĻҲܷӳǿĹʮεսɱҲɱߡ
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ƽɵۿ˵ò˳
ƽǿղĳϣλְ
ƽȥɵ۽ӽԷУһȡ
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ΣʵϷ̡ƽڵȻɵ۳ȥ
ɵ罵㻹ʱ䣬ׯ԰ĳϼ֮Уɵ۾Ƿǳġңɵȵʱʵ̣һǰΪ¹ׯ԰Ӣŵֲ֮ſٱ֪
Ҳ£˲Ϊɵ۵ʵжǿ
ͱڣƽû̫ɵ۵¡ֻɵһ¹ׯ԰ľƷߣǴɵɵۡ
ǻڣɵһҲȡؽǰؽƽɱ˹ȥ
ƽȷʵܿͺˣɵ۵һνֺͺԼһɵˡεʵеҪǿܶࡣһײƽͱ˳ȥ΢ӿռ䶼ھҵ𶯡ɵ۲һء
ƽûгɣһתҪѵɵۡǣɵ׵ľӳȥ
ʵڵһײ֮ǰɵ۾Ѿ׼Ԥ뵽ƽܻߣײƽɳȥɵҲͬʱͼȥ
ƽܿûôףɵ׷˸ոתӴܵƽ
ɵڱԶƽĿ¶һ˿ҡ
ΣΪϷ㣿ƽĻҺܿѹٴһתɵۣΪע⵽ԼⷽһλϼѾٽӽʱնɱ¹εǡ
ûٽӽǸߣǲǻڳѶϣڳѶע⵽ƽɵ۵Ľս̴ԶԮ


2773 㲻˳
ǻᡢղʮϼǺ׾ھֲɱγԶٵơʵӽĻһж϶ֲ̫ʱ䡣
ƽʶԼʵɵۣǻڳѶ֧Ԯбնɱɵ۵˼뷨Ҳ򵥣¹εʵڳѶκһ˶ҪǿһЩֵĻҲһܹնɱε
ҪģǵסειʱڳѶܼʱϹָɵε
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ģεôǿʱҲƽڼת΢ӿռֵɵ۵Ĺз߷߲ƽš
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ɵ۵סڳѶĹûͣЪƽƽȥǴһɵƽٶԸǻڳѶ
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ʱƽҲû̫ʱ俼ǣո˿ɵ۵һιֱƽˡƽæеֵ
һΣ㵲סģɵۻӽĶͻȻӿ죬·Ҳù
ʲôƽֻüһͱɵ۵ؽС
֮ǰɵ۵Ĺмס˵ģȻϲɵۣƲءһΣֱӱɵ۵ؽУǾͷǳʹˡؽոϣ̲סһѪڴ΢ӿռ䶼ڱ
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סκƽתѾûڳѶնɱε뷨ˡڣֻҪٶΣҲһ
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2774 ɱһ
ڳѶƽʱһֻܡ
ңƽתƴƽҲζ֡ŪãڳѶҲεС
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ƽΣڵϦʱ򣬿ղҲߵȻԮԼׯ԰ĳϣεǣƽΣպͼٵķйɻûɹһľ룬Ϳƽ¹ׯ԰εɱˡ
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Ļ쵰ΣԶŭȡ
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ಣڳѶɵɱԼӦҲǼ죬̾תӴܡ
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ƬսϣһжʮƷҲεߡղƽϣǵһɱġ
Ϊƽ䣬ó¹ׯ԰ߵʿ˵¹ׯ԰ߵԶԶׯ԰Ҳû취飬¹ׯ԰ߵȻܶ࣬кܴһζûﵽǱߣûһµ߲ս
ƽûεɵˡ񲨳Ͼһ
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ڵ˰ƷҶʮһƷҡ
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ϵ֣Ҳܿ췢ɵۿٳԼжʱҪߵ˼ǣԵĴȻһЩѴҲһӾġҵʵĻʱɵѾ̵˽ɵȫ̵ٶȣ쳣Ѹݡ
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ƴɵҲȡͬķʽ߳мҲ̫ʵϣɵ۵ǿȣҪɾŴɱ仹ҪǿΪҲйҲûܳ
ɵۺʹ˷Ĺ֮£ʱ䣬λ߳ϾСԮ߳ϵĲǻһϣŸոյ˽
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˫սѾ˰˸ʮٲɱɵۣһսкܴĿʧܡ


2775 
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ڴһ֮ˡ˱Ǵ֮ǰɱгɵڵλá
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񲨳ϵ븽¹ׯ԰ߵĳϼ򵥽һ£Ҳǿг׷˹ȥֻʣʮϼѾó¹ׯ԰ߵĳϼѹˡ
񲨳ϣ㲻ùң˸Ҫɵۼ񲨳Ͻӽ˵
¹ׯ԰һǰϼȥ񲨳ϺԼ֮⣬ǾϼǱߣˡˣҪϼ˶԰ˣɱȻǲɣɵ۶Բ񲨳˵úȥˡ
ε˺ʵǿǿղᡢǻڲλϡֶԸ㣬Σա񲨳ҡҡͷ˵ţ߳ǣʱܼס㣬һɱˡеκһˣһսǵʤͷǳˡ
񲨳˵ɵ۵˵ͷԶ˵սȷʵʱû̫ա
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ĸˣܿͻҵĽսһš
ܿ죬˵˫üֻǿɵ۳ָо̣֮ǲŷɵȷʵǿףκһ˶ҪǿһЩӡ
սһᣬ˺ˣǱѹסˣĴԽԽ١

ְ
ʱһЦʵһЦδɢȥǿһӰ֡
ոյߣɵ۵֮һ˲˳ˣǿ߶񺣡
ն񺣴Ӹۡ뿪֮󣬳¹ׯ԰Ҳʧȥ˶񺣵ټ벻춡ͻȻͳڱϪ㡣Է²ɺô򵥡
Ƕ񺣣񲨳ϵ
ʲôɵü˵
ڳ¹ׯ԰ڣ󲿷ֳԱԶ񺣶ûʲôøСԭ򣬲ԾԳϣӶɱ˴ܻׯ԰Ͱ»ׯ԰
ε鷳ˡ񺣣²ǵġ񲨳˵
񺣳ȻĿĵġԶԷ¹ׯ԰Ĺϵ¹ׯ԰ĿԺܵͺܵ͡Ȼ¹ׯ԰ģǺܴĿܾǰǻᡢղׯ԰ġ
Ҫ֪ǳԽׯǿߣǰĻ¹ׯ԰߿϶ǵס
ǰǣǻ˳̽˼
ʲôˣҿ֣Ҳո֡սܽưˡʮƷߣ¹˸˶ò£ɨսЦ䡣
ǰ˵ǣȷʵЩܣЦˡæǫ̬˵
ţ㵹Ƕǫ顣ȻҪҪҰһѣ
˳Ҳû뵽񺣻˵Ļ
ܵõ񺣵İôһսɾûʲôˡ
ǰԸǣǵȻӭúܣǻͿղᣬǰĶ顣̾˳Ż˵
ٺ٣ҲͿ¹ЩӲ˳ˣ˳ƽУӰһһ¹ׯ԰ĳɱ˹ȥ
ǳ¹ׯ԰ϣæȫֵʵȶ񺣲һءһӴͱ˳ȥƲᡣ
ɶ񣡡񲨳ŭĿԲ
񺣣ʲô˼񲨳ŭȵ
ûʲô˼Ҿǿǲ˳ۣɱǳ¹ˡһЦɳȥĳ¹᳤ϡ
ʵϣͻȻڱϪȷʵרġǰǻͿղׯӴ˵ˣׯ԰˶񺣺ܴĺôö񺣶Ը¹ׯ԰ھȥ񺣸ۡɱܹΤǿ֮ǰ񺣿ܲ׽ܲǻᡢղ룬ڣԥûУׯ԰ĺ顣


2776 ʵ
Ķ񺣣¹ׯ԰ƲˣûвǻͿղĺôҲһᱨ¹ׯ԰Ҫþŷ֪ԼҪĴۡ
жǰ֣ǻղϵЦ
죬ͨͨҪ˳ҲݵĶɵۺͲ񲨳˵
񲨳϶Ŷ񺣣ĿҲǷŭǣڳЩˣûһǶ񺣶֡ûвǻͿղǿߣƾϵҲ붡񺣲ɱǱϾа˸ˡǣﻹʮƷ߻ţ
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ڳˣܻˡսףôǿһɡⳡսϾֻǾֲľսׯ԰ܾ֮սѵѡ
㣬ǳ¹ׯ԰ܱɵ۵
Ҳû취ûж񺣣ǿ϶׷񺣣ǶԸˡﱣʵܱȫɱҪࡣ񲨳ϵ
ɵԣû̾˵ǳƬ̡
Ƭ̺ɵ˿Ը񲨳ϣ˶һᡣ
ʲôסˡ
εԸ񺣣
ûٶ˵ʲôɵѾһŶ񺣳˹ȥʱ¹ׯ԰ĳڶ񺣹֮Ѿˣû룬ʱͻᱻɱ
񺣣һս񣿡ɵۼ¹᳤Σڻûֽʱ򣬾ͶԶ񺣽кһ
Ŀ񺣵ע⣬ú߷¹ĳϡ
ܼ򵥵⣬ЧΪ񺣶ɵ۵ԹҪȶڳĳ¹ׯ԰ǿҵöࡣգɵŷׯһɱۡġ
ңɵ뾰Թϵǳã񺣺͸˾ԣȻҲŶɵҲĺ⡣
ɱǾԣοܾɵˡȻɵǰĥˡ񺣣ֲһ̫سŵ̫ˣ򵱳Ҳܾԡ
תĿɵ۳ԼĿһ⣬̣ɵɱ˹
񲨳̾˿ܣٵĴɳˣ޷ڳĳ¹ׯ԰Աȫڴ˵ء
ʱ˺˶һۣ˺Ĭ񲨷͵Ĺ˵ʵκһ˶൱ֵĻɱҲֻʱ⡣
䣡
ɵ붡Ѿײһ
ƬУɵۺͶ񺣣һξ롣ϸۿԷ֣ɵۺ˵ľ뾹ǻûжôԶ˵һν棬ɵϾǻ΢ռϷ硣
ɵ۵ϣеɫơ
ţƺû뵽ɵ۵֮ǿ
ôܣٴξ÷ѽ⣬֪ɵ۵ʵӦñܶǡ
񺣣ûǵĸۡ˵ĻɣŷׯԾԳ֣Ҳ㣡Ϊ˵󻰣ɵЦһȻ
ʵϣڶ񺣳֮ǰɵʵġɱԷϣҲûȫ񺣲֣ȻزֵʵɵۣϾǻԪɵۣӵн塣̶ʱܴﵽĸ߶ȣɵʱ䣬ôֻţ߳ʵ
ֻǣһֱûнԼȫʵչʾڹǰˡ
㡭һֱʵʱס
û
죬ҵҪ㶡жǿɵеؽ
ߣһߡ
ٶȽ֣һν棬ٴαԷˣһκ˵ľͼһˡŵһν棬ҲûԼȫΪɱɵ۲ҪԼȫԸڶν棬ͲκˡɼȫҲɵ۵൱ѡ
ģеͺһ
ʱ䣬ȷʵǺܲ˳ǾɱۡղûɱԻɱܹۡΤǿϪ㣬ɱ¹ĸ߲㣬ɵð˳ʵȻ֮¡޾ŭȴҲй
ɵ붡񺣵Ķսó¹ׯ԰ׯ԰߶Щ¡񲨳ϵˣҲͣĿеɫǷ˼ɵһֱǳ¹ׯ԰ȴǲ֪Լׯ԰ڣȻһλʵԽׯĴڡ


2777 ʤ
ڴϣɵҲǲڶ񺣡ɱɵȫռϷ磬Ϊɵ뾰սƵơ
ɵ۵ѣɵȴʱҵֱӻж񺣵塣£ûöʱ䣬񺣾ͱȫѹסˡŭоǲʣ޿κΣֻԽԽ
ɵɱδ̫ʱ䣬񺣼Լɵۺʤ㣬ǳ־õɱȥܻ֮ǣȴͷ˲ǻͿղһЩôׯ԰һѣΪׯ԰
ϲɵ۲һȻҲȻˣɵɱѶҲܴڶ֮ɵҲԵ׷һξ롣˵¹ԱսҲ붡ȥ
ɵ׷˶һξ󷵻أǻͿղ˼ɵ۷غһЩɵ붡񺣽սʱչֳʵʵ̫ˣǾǳԽׯʵڳĲǻͿղߣһׯûУ˭ɵۿ⣿
صսɵҲû飬ֱӱׯ԰ĳϼɱ˹ȥɵѾ¶ʵȻҲͲٲҴˣǿʢ̬绢Ⱥ
̶̲յʱ䣬ϼǿɵС
ʱ˫ƷҲԱȾǰ˱Ȱˡ
˵ʤƽѾȫڳ¹ׯ԰ˡ
˺ͳ˧ȥҲսӿʼˡ
¹ׯ԰ߵȻŶԷɵĳߣɵ۵˵֮£¹ľ׷ɱзӡ
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¹ľӣҲûһֱ׷ɱȥһս¹ׯ԰ʤˣʧҲǷǳҲ֮µߣ˺ܶࡣԣ׷ɱһʱ󣬲񲨳Ϊͳ˧ط
ˣһֲսԳ¹ׯ԰ʤ
ǻͿղڱϪܣʧϼʧǷǳ޴ģͷׯ԰ҲǷǳʹġҪ֪ׯ԰ս滹ûκһƷҲε䡣֮ǰսУֻг¹ׯ԰һϼﱻɱ
ЩսУ涼ռ˾ԵϷ磬ʤʳųɡ
һαϪսׯ԰ʧ˾ϼлλϡǻͿղᣬôܲʹģ
ϪսպϢǴׯ԰ׯȻϢͬӡ
ڿղͲǻ˫齨ָӲڣׯ԰ׯʱɫǳѿ
ϪսȫǵԤϡ
˫֮УʮƷҳϼ¹ׯ԰ֻаϼսϣ汾ռžԵơλׯΪԷһר붡񺣹ͨ磬˽ϴĴ붡񺣳ֶԸϪ㣬һλׯΪһʧˣǾ±Ϫ̽ȡҲˡ
ɽȴڱϪҰܡ
Σô֮ǿǻׯһ
صùǰһֱ֪ξȻǳԽׯǿߡղĶһׯ
ǰ񺣶Ķ֡ׯҡҡͷһΣׯ԰ʧ̫ˡǰ֪εʵҲˡ
ΣĻ̫ˣһ¹߲Ա֪ʵ£ŷ嶼֪ҪȻο϶ͽΪ¹ḱׯˡһׯ˵
һ֣ⳡսܼôȥˡǣȫ߷ɡׯ԰֣ȻƳ¹ķȦʱ֮ǰϵЩˣˡׯ̧Ŀһׯ
֮ǰׯ԰Ϊ˾ĽʧսĹģǱȽϿƵġѡԱϪΪͻƵ㣬ýСĴ۹Ƴ¹ķȦֽûׯ԰ʧͣһսоʧλϼҲľ͸ࡣ
ţҲ˼ȫ߽ɣؼʱ㻹мλׯҪ֡һׯصĵ˵ͷ
ϪʤϢ¹ܲ¹ȻһƬڣŷׯϣ¶ΥЦݡȻׯ԰һڸ߲Ҳƣεʵôôǿ˾ʹѯʾŷׯŷׯԼ⡣


2778 ԾȵĻ
ɵ۵ǿ󣬸¹ׯ԰˴˸ġ
ǣ¹ׯ԰ĴʵδӸϵõĹۡǻͿղׯ԰κһʵ¹൱ׯ԰֣¹ׯ԰ûлʤġڣǻᡢղȫ߽£¹ׯ԰͸ѵֵˡ
һһԳ¹ׯ԰޴Ĳ֮֮Ŀǰû̫Եı֣ŷׯ˶֪϶ںսбؾǣЩɢԼǿߡղͲǻǲܽǿ߶ֻҪһ֣ǾǷǳֲˡ
¹ׯ԰ߣĿǰΪֹϼûʲôչ¹ĶǿߣûеõӦżһӦ¶ҲΪ˼ҪôҪ¹ṩ㹻֮Ϊ͡
¹ׯ԰Ӧ
һʱ䣬һ򴫵ܲϢϾͶǻϢˡ
ŷׯҲʶǻͿղѾǲһеȫ߷ˡڵĹͲСģսҲǶһĹˡ¹ׯ԰ߣ޷չ˵ÿһ㡣֣̫Ƿȱˡ
ȻսĽУׯ԰λׯﶼɳȥˡ
ŷׯԼҲ׼ǰһ㡣
¹ׯ԰߾ȫķأз㱻ˡ㳤ֱ룬һ·ɱ붡һλׯҲԼԼׯ԰߾ɱ޹ߡǣּҵսУǲϿԼЧ̫á
ټϣЩׯ԰һ㶼ᴢٵԴ
ǻͿղߣⲻ˻˴Щׯ԰Դġ֮¹ڴׯ԰ϴ٣߱Ļɱ
¹ׯ԰ܲĳԱҲÿվгϼ䡣
һδξֲսУ¹ׯ԰Զ񺣵ĳġ¹ׯ԰ߣкüϼڶ񺣵С񺣼ֱǷħˣڷĹĻɱ¹ׯ԰ĳԱʵܵ͵ĳ¹ɱ¾Ϊʵǿޱȣ¹ׯ԰߸Ҳʲô֮⡣
ŷׯɵܶԸ񺣣ֲһط̫ͣã᲻ϵı任ԼλãþŷׯɵҲ׷
ȫս˰ʱ󣬳¹ׯ԰ķߣѾѹׯ԰ܲˡ
ׯ԰ڳϼ䳬֮һ
ȻǻͿղϼҲ䲻٣Զڳ¹ׯ԰ߵʧ
ڣղͲǻָӲѾ赽˳¹ׯ԰֮ĵط
һգָӲٿһ¡μµģׯ԰ׯ͸ׯжǿߺһЩɢǿߡһ£ﵽλ
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ׯͶһׯҪһ¹ׯ԰ġܳλḲ¹ׯ԰ôԺĸ֣ͽɲǻͿղռһ롣
սĳڣλׯЩĽ˻룬սڣֵľȫʧˡԣ˶Գ¹ҲǺǿҡ
ǣһЩǿȴԴ˲ͬ⡣ǿߣϰڣ¹ׯ԰ǻׯ԰Ϳղׯ԰档ЩǿߺͲɢޣõ֮Ǹ¹ׯ԰Ƕûʲôô
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ʱһж
Ϊкܶǿ߷¹ׯ԰ׯͶһׯҲһУǱ뿼Щǿߵ
һжǣ¹ׯ԰һԾȵĻᡣֻҪ¹ׯ԰Ը⽻֮ô˱˼ִϸڵȻҪ¹ķӦ
¹ֲ֮վս޷⡣
½󲻾ãһλֽоϺǿ߾뿪ָӲų¹ܲȥ
ָӲ¹ׯ԰ֻܲӣϺԽٶȷУҲܿ͵˳¹ׯ԰ܲ
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ŷׯϺׯ԰ܲϺҲǳ֮ؿĹ֤֮һŷׯĹϵãҲϤ
ŷ֣Ϻŷ壬˹Ц
Ϻ⣿ŷׯĿзźֱʵ
ŷׯȻûкɫϺġϺ֮ǰսУҲԳ¹߳ˣϺվڲǻᡢղǱߵġŷׯþϺϺ˵ʲôĿʲôҪϺġ


2779 ͬ
ŷׯɫѿ˵ʱҲ⣬ϺȴǻȻӡ
ϺԸȷʵԱȽģҲΪˣŻþϺ¹ׯ԰˵͡
ֻϺŲæӣ˵ŷ֣㶼λ˵𣿡
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ϺῪЦҿɲѡŷׯЦ˵
ʱ䣬Ϻûɱ¹ׯ԰ߣҲǣ˳¹ׯ԰Ϻ㲻֣¹ׯ԰ҲܲӡңϺҲûгֻ֣ǳִȽ٣Ҳûпɱ¹ׯ԰ĳԱˡ
ŷׯ˵վϺˡϺʱ¹ׯ԰϶Ҫġ
ϺԸ˰ɣŷׯٴʵ
Ϻ΢΢һЦ˵ŷ֣¹ׯ԰ĴǳǻͿղѾٳ£ʱԷյľսʵǿ󣬳¹ׯ԰Եֵġ룬ŷҲ뿴¹ׯ԰ʹɣ
Գ¹ׯ԰ڵûκʤġŷԼԴҲ
ǻׯпղĶһׯҪվսׯ԰Ǻϣû̲˳¹ׯ԰ġڵһЩˣȴҪ¹ׯ԰ʷĳǼˣȰס̺Ͷһλׯ
Ϻ˵⼸λ
ϺҪ˵ʲôĪǾϺңǻᡢղ׼˱ˣŷׯžϺ
ŷׯȻ֪ׯ԰׵ľ˱
ǺǣòǻͿղׯ԰˱ҲǿԵġǰǣŷҪׯ԰һЩŷǴˣӦ֪ǻͿղҪʲôϺЦ˵
ϺҲҪׯ԰ҪĶɣŷׯٴЦһЩġ
ŷֹȻǴˡŷ֣ʵҲȫǣǶʵ̫ҪˡЩϼһ˭ϸһأ絮δ̤һҺ⼸λҲǶΪǶܾ̤ܿܲһĹؼ
һЩѰĶǿԲںڵַʽʹŷֽǣڹϵܷЩϼһ߳һĶϵ̫شˡΣǿܾҲûлˡϺ̬ⷬϵǳϿҡ
ǣҲı䲻ֶϱӵıʡһҪͿɱ
ŷׯĬ
ŷׯУǷŭǣķŭ޷Ƴ¹ׯ԰ĴΪ¹ׯ԰ׯԲ뿴¹ׯ԰а취ס¹ׯ԰ŷׯܲǡ֮Ǻãׯ԰Ҫׯ԰ˣ֮ʲôã
Ǹ߾ŷׯξϺˣǳ¹ׯ԰ԱΨһˡϺܵõһĴ𰸣ôȥ֮֮פǾҪȫˡ
һᣬŷׯϺ˵˵ɣǳ¹ׯ԰Ҫô
ܼ򵥣¹ׯ԰֮óǴһη֮ŷҲԷģǻͿղׯ԰ܵõ֮¹ׯ԰Ҳһܱһ֮Ϻһ˵
ʱ򣬾ϺѾԿ϶Լ¹ׯ԰ܹĿˡҲŷׯҲֱ¹ׯ԰Ϻ֮ǰ˵뿴¹ׯ԰ΪʷҲ滰¹ׯ԰ĸ𣬶Щǿ˵ûκκô
ȻҲ⣬ڶ񺣸Ǻ뽫¹ׯ԰Ϊƽءһˣǿ߶뷨ҪȻϺҲûҪ¹ׯ԰ŷׯˡ
¹ׯ԰ֻ֮һ֮ǻᡢղ˱ϺҲ֤¹ׯ԰֮һ֮ҿԽȥŷׯü˵
Ǻǣŷׯ֮һ϶ǲеġ֮֮Ҳóôҹͬ䡣ŷ֣ҲҪ˵ʲô֮ǾԵĶûʲô塣ԵģûҲͬġϺЦ˵
ŷ֣ʵҲûʲôóɵġ㲻Ӧܷյľսʱ¹ׯ԰ΪҽǾԣлϣܵҲþܵġˣ֮ȻҲʧȥˡԳϣҲǴˣ϶ܶеġϺת


2780 Ŵɱ
ǻᡢղᣬЩǿߡɢޣǲþԱ֮ģ˵õ֮֮
ʱǻĽ˻£սݱ䵽һû˻Ϊ˻ﾰˡ˻ﾰԣóˣȵڡ˵㲻棬ҲøһʾˡʵǣȫûκεķӦ
뿪¹ׯ԰ҲǲܵģȺ˵۾ɶžԡǶԾŷע⣬ԶԶȲ϶ԾԵע⡣ֻҪԸ뿪¹ׯ԰Ⱥ˾Իһʱͽɱ
ŷ֣ΣϺžŷׯ죬ұ뽫Ϣȥһׯûĵȴʱ䡣
֮ͬ䣬ôֶ֣˭˵㣿ŷׯ̧ü
ŷ֣ҷѾ˵ˡ֮ķ䣬ǴһͬǡֻҪ֮óչǿһԹƽĽϺ
ҪҪ뾰Գ⣬Ҫʱ䡣ŷׯ
Ȼû⡣ֻҪŷׯԸܣǼʱ䣬ǿΪ¹ȡġŷʱڣ˽͵ָӲΣ
ŷ֣Ӧȡļˡ̫õĻλׯҲ᲻ġϺֲһ䡣
죡ڣһ֪ͨǵġŷׯ
ʹ죡Ǿô˵ˣŷ֣һҪȥϢˣͲˡҺˣָӲžŷֵĺϢϺվ˵
ھϺ뿪󣬾ŷׯ㽫ׯ԰ڵҪټ˹Ҳ֪ϺĵԻûȾŷׯ˵ʲô˾ѯʾϺҪʲô
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ȺĻ쵰Һ޲ýǶɱ⣡
ϺҲʲôöûٵС˶ѣڻһΪǿǵӣ˶ġ
һЩƢȽϱĳϣ׷ϣĬ˼
֮¹ׯ԰ߵ˿϶ǲԸġǣѾûиõİ취ˡǲӦǽľսսĽö룬¹ׯ԰ʤ㡣˵ǿߺͶɢǱߣûЩˣ¹ׯ԰ҲֵܵסǻͿղֹ
ׯôģɵۿʵ
ɵһڣЩĳҲ˵ˡɵۣׯ԰ʵڵڶǿߣھŷׯȸׯսɵ֮¡һڣȻӡ
Ǿܾ¹ׯ԰ûˡŷׯ̾Ϣһ
ŷׯû˵Ȼ̬ҲȽȷˡ֮¹ׯ԰ܵԱ档ܾĻ¹ׯ԰ڡŷ弴ٲ뽻ֻ֮һѡ
ţֻܴӦ֮ˡɵ۵
ֻǾԳǱߡŷׯҲ֪ζԾԿڡ
˽Գɡɵ۶˶ٵ

ׯ԰ڣԵľ
ԴǴɱ񺣸֮ۡ󣬾Ծûгţһֱ
ʮ֮ǰԵ˵ھŴɱ䡣ʹ֮ɱԼûо谭ɵھŴɱ֮󣬾ڵ΢ӿռģѾŵ˼侪˵ĵزÿһ΢ӿռ䣬һ硣
ʱ򣬾ԵսӦѾǳԽŷׯˡ
֮ûɾŴɱأҲԭġоԼ΢ӿռȻģѾ㹻󣬵ȴǷȱ΢磬ȱ
һǣȻɾŴɱ䣬ûϴﵽɵۼңԼҲûʲôͷɾŴɱ֮ǰԾԼܻһɱɺﵽɵۼҲܹﵽɵۼ·ڣǰ;һƬʡ
ɾŴɱ䣬Ѿ߲εɱˡҲԹ΢ӿռ䣬ʹ֮ҲûõκεЧ˵ŴɱȷʵǼˡô׸߳һﵽɵۼأ
ʮʱ䣬һֱ˼£ʼûͷ
ϴˣʱһߵȻ˾Եķ֮⣬⻤ǾԵĽ
Ȼվ˳ȥ
ϴˣεȥׯԾ߻һɵ۾뾰Եġ
ţ͹ȥԵͷ
Ըȥ˾ŷׯľ
Խ뷿󣬺ܶ೤뾰Դк
ԳϣûӰ쵽չɣŷׯԾԵ˵ͷʵ
ûУҵҲѾһˡԻӦ
Լôׯ԰Ҫ֪϶мҪ鷢ˡ


2781 Ӳ
ڵգҲѹֺͳơ
ŷׯׯ԰ĸׯڳҪϣ϶ݡ
ٳ£¹ׯ԰ΣڵϦǵͷȻޱȵĳأͺһʯؿ͸һվսЩˣ´붼սò˵ڳĳ¹ׯ԰߲û˿ǹǻᡢղͶ
Գϣŷׯʾ⾰

ԳϱչڡǺǣھԳϿܻ֪ǳ¹ׯ԰ǻᡢղսɣϜׯЦһ˵
ׯ԰սʱڣ¹ׯ԰ϼ϶ٶвսŷׯֹһֱڱչصĳϣҲȷʵֻһϜׯԴҲʵǱϜׯԾׯ԰вֳҲ΢ʡǾԼȴׯ԰ܲɵǲƽ
󲿷ָ߲ҲףԳ¹ׯ԰һԳϣսҲʲôı䡣ټϾŷׯɵ۶ŲӰ쾰ԳϵԶҲǱԹһ䡣
սֶǳ¹ܲ𣿡̧ü
ǳ¹ׯ԰ϾҪˡʱ򣬻˵ʲôģϜׯһ
ׯˣھʲôüŷׯʵ
ԳϣĿǰǻͿղѾׯ԰ܲĵطʱָӲǳ¹ׯ԰УвǻͿղׯ԰ĳԱжǿߺͶɢڡ˵һսĻ¹ׯ԰ûлġŷׯ̾һԾԻ˵
ѵһšʱ䡣Ҳû뵽Ѿ񻯵һ
ֻǲǻͿղǵֵܵʱ䡣ЩǻͿղǿߡɢޣӿׯ԰ǵĹȡɵҡҡͷ
ǿߺͶɢޣϵҲ󡣵ȻһЩģǿָһǶߣ絮ʱǺǿߡɢޣһǺɳΪߵǿ߻Ƕɢޣ̫ࡣ
˿ռż޴ˡ˿ٴοŷׯׯ׼ľս𣿡
ԵĻŷׯ¶Цı顣
ŷׯûлشɵۿˡ
ǻͿղׯ԰϶ϣ˻ǳ¹ׯ԰󲿷ǿߺͶɢӦǲ뿴ǳ¹ׯ԰ġǿߺͶɢ޲ĿΪ˵õ֮Գϣ֮ǰǿ߾Ϻǳ¹ׯ԰
Ϻ֮Сǳ¹ׯ԰ׯ˱ɵۻ˵
Ӧǽ֮ɡѲ¡
ˣԷҪ¹ׯ԰֮ҪԳе֮ǳ¹ׯ԰ӦվսϾҪˡϵԳԼ˽棬ׯ˼ɵ˵
ǺҲûѡءԵ֮¹ׯ԰ܹ档ǲĻׯ԰ûˣ˿ҲҪ
ֻǡʣµ֮ѾˡԿЦ
ߴɱ䵽ɾŴɱ䣬ɱٶȿν졣ǣĵ֮ͬǼľˡ֮֮ʣµһҲ֮һˡ
ǱߣȻǲ֪Ѿ֮õôࡣϾӾԵõ֮ʱ䲢ûȥá˵ˣǳ¹ׯ԰ߣŷׯڣҲûΪôʱõ֮
ԵĻҶԡ
Գϣлʣ¶֮ŷׯʶʵ
֮һɣʣôˣԵ
ʲôŷׯһ㶡
ôᡭ
ԳϣʱҲûҪˡ
ǰһսʼԳ㲻ܶġңȺ˶϶ص㶢㡣˵ˣеκ˶пܻԳǼûпܣӶӲġ
һʱ䣬˷׷׿ڡкܶˣΪʵôʱ䣬֮ôֻʣô㣿ͨôʱȥ٣
ԿЦûκεе֮ȷʵֻʣ֮һˡλ˵ûʱȫûκεıҪ


2782 ɵ۵·
˶Щɵۡ
Ǳֻ֪ʣ֮һ֮ʲôӦ
Ե̬ȣƺҲڹʲôʵϣҲȷʵûǸҪء
ԳϣЩ֮㶼õˣŷׯ˿
ţˣֻʣ֮һ֮Եͷ
ׯô죿ǻͿղֻ֪֮²ԸɣϜׯžŷׯ
ˣֻһһҲûİ취ŷׯ
ԳϣԷԸ̸УǷԸóʣµ֮ŷׯֿʵ
Ǿ˽Уׯ԰ȻҲÿԼⲻ⡣Ȼˣׯ԰ڵĴѵһΪ¹ׯ԰һӣҲΪׯ԰ܹԱԼ档
û⡣ûԥʹӦˡ
ѾɾŴɱ䣬ȻҲԼʹ֮ⲻһе⡣ʵϣԼǼҲҪ֮ˡɱʱ򣬾֮ɱ䣬õ֮Ѿ㹻ˡ
ЩƷҲߣǱȽǿģȻҲ˾Ŵɱ䣬ûù֮ǾãԼʹ֮пܿһ;ϵһȻҲȷǱϾδù֮
ãԺұ˰ϢԷ֪
Ҳκεиվսܻܿǻᷢŷׯ˵
Ͼó֮ӦǱȶԷԤеһ룬Էܻܿ᲻ţӶľս
ף˶ͷӦ
ŷׯ½ɢȥҲ׼뿪ȴŷׯסˡ
ԳϣȻҲԸϣʵˣǳ¹ׯ԰ΣˡŷׯɬԴ
û˵
ŷׯסƺЩġ
ԳϣǷϵˣܳ棬һ仰ǻᡢղȴˡŷׯŵ
ŷׯ仰ԶʱԼ˼ˡڣŷׯһЩڴܳġˣܶԾǷϵлɵ̬ȣŷׯԼȴģ˿϶ǶԾйעġ
֮ؿԽٳ¹ׯ԰ܲŷһ֮ص
ׯˣ˼ֻǣȷʵ޷ϵˡҲҡͷε˵
Դŵûøû취ϵø
ǳ¹ׯ԰ǻᡢղύս̶ȣ˲֪ܲˣȴʼû¶棬ʾûС룬²ˡԽ˵
ŷׯ̾һ
ʵҲһ㣬ǽҪ룬ýˡһս¹ׯ԰ĳϼﶼ֮һǶô޴ʧܴ£ϵڡ
ŷ֮ѯʾԣҲǱĽңһý˳أ
ԵĻش󣬾ŷׯ֪һսĽҲڡ
ţû취ˡԷҪսǾ;սɣŷѹѹĿֱüᶨ
Ըǣ˾ŷׯľɵ۵棬ȻڵԼ
ǰǰ
ԣֻ֮ʣ֮һˣɵ۵
ţĶ̷õˡԵͷ
㡭õĻ湻졣ϼ£ǹƾһ㶼ʣˡɵ΢΢
ȻǻɾѣֻǸеԾˡ
ᣬУӦǲҪ֮ˡҵѾɾŴɱ䡣ԶɵҲҪԼʵ
ɾŴɱˣɵ۾һЩѹõô֮Ҳֵˡ
ԣڵʵﵽĳ̶ȣɵתʵ
Ҳȷ붡񺣽ֵʱ˰˴ɱ䡣ڵĻ붡񺣽֣ҪɱӦòǺѵˡЦЦ˵
ǡˣɵ۶žԣβ˵⼸֣˵оɵ۲εûУ
һͷˮǰ·ôȫ塣
ǰɾŴɱ֮󣬸оڵ΢ӿռ䣬ڹģÿһһ硣Щ΢ӿռ䣬ܾȱһЩʲôһ²⣬ܹȫ΢ӿռǷȱĶܿһֻڣҲ֪ôܲȫ΢ӿռ䣬Ϊ΢硣ü˵ȱٵĶǻ


2783 ̸з
ڵ΢ӿռ䣬ÿһڹģȷʵ˵ǿˡ
ȣ΢ӿռԼõҲ֪һ֪ͬǷ΢˻Լܿɵ۲Ρ
һжھ˵Ҳİģġ
ԴˣɵҲﲻϾԣɵҲοɵ۲ΡڵɵۣҲƷҲһ
ɵ뾰һᣬ˵ʵ֮⣬Ҫ˵ľǹڽҪе̸Сɵ۵˼ǣվս޷⣬ǾҪľߣ򲻿ս

ӳ¹ׯ԰һߵʿָ֮ӲߵȻŷׯż
ָӲĸ߼ָڣһׯׯжǿߡɢ޵õϢۼ
ŷô˵ģׯϺ
ż㣬ǽ˾ϺСϺУƤż㡣
Ԥϣŷ廹ͬˡϺЦ˵
㽫Ƥżݸڳ˹ۿ
ŷׯľȷʵ˵֮УھŷׯλϣһӦ̸СΪӦׯ԰Ҫˡ
Ǻǣҵϣ翹סЦһ˵һûɱأ
񺣸̸нɵעһ㰡һ߿Ŷ˵
ߣʲôҪעġǾŷ壬ҺΣһӡ
λǾȷһ˫̸еڰɣϺ˵
Ϊ˱ҹζ࣬¹ׯ԰ȻѾǵǾ̸аɣһһη֮һׯĿ
ţԡ
Ǿ̸аɣ
ڳĴ׷Ӧ͡ЩǿߺͶɢޣҲͲ£õԼһ֮Դ뿪ˡ
Щˣֻ֪֮ʣһˡھŷׯżϣԴҲûἰ
Ϻһ˳¹ׯ԰̸ڸ߾ŷׯڣյ硣ص㣬ڳ¹ׯ԰ָӲмλá
뿪¹ׯ԰֮ǰϺĶŷׯ֮ϣҪŷׯܴ̫ˡͬģҲ̫߲뵽̸֮С
峿ŷׯλׯɵۺ;ټ˹
ԣҲԼʣµ֮˾ŷׯԭʣµ֮Ӧ͸ɵ۵ģǲġ
Գϣ̸ͲҪμˡ񺣣Ҳ뵽̸УҲ֪졣ʱǼ棬ǻ¶ˡŷׯ˶ԾԵ
ׯˣ̸ҿ϶ҪȥġǶ񺣣ҵҪΡҡͷ˵
ԼҪμӷ̸֮У֮֮һǾԵ˽˲ƲԾŷׯڳƬ̺ǴӦþԲμˡ
߰ɣʱˡŷׯͳ˵
¹ׯ԰ߣһ˳ׯ԰ŷׯλׯɵۣټϾԡˣҲǳ¹ׯ԰ʵǿߡ
ھŷׯ˵̸ִеصʱǱ߲μ̸еԱѾˡֱӲߣʮˣвǻͿղׯ԰ռʮׯׯǿˣɢˡһʮˡ
ʮˣκһǼǿĴڣӦþׯ԰λׯˡ
ŷˡϺŷׯ˵ӭǰк
ǾõˡŷׯЩ̵ζ
޷޷ϺЦţ·ụ̂ҲǴɨ
Ŀ䵽ԵϣĿһ˵СҲˡ
ڳ֮صʱ򣬾ϺҲԣҲǳ֮ؿĹ֤ˡ
ոְˡԵĮ˵һ䡣
ŷ֣Ǿͱ𵢸ʱˣץ֮һ֣ȻǾɢˡղĶһׯߴ˵
ŷׯžԵˣߵ˽
Ƕ񺣣һֱžԿĿǷߺ޺վԵۡɱĸܹۡΤǿݳǲܻˡȻɱԣͬɱ񺣹ɱֻ˴ܻͰ»ׯ԰ɱ񺣣ҲԲ֡
񺣶žԣͬʾԷӡⳡϣǸռҪɱˡ
ŷׯ֮óɣǻׯС۾
Ȳż˵˵ôɣŷׯ˵
ô䣬ǵ飬¹޹ءׯֱһֵ
˼ǣ֮ķ䣬¹ûйϵˣ¹ûݡ


2784 
ׯˣǲ¹ׯ԰Ҳһ֮
Ǳٳ£¹ׯ԰Ҳʲô£¹ׯ԰֮˱ٷ֮
ڳһߣǴûǹҪ¹ׯ԰һ֮
ŷׯü˿ϺϺȥ¹ׯ԰ҵʱ򣬿ɲô˵ġ
ϺЦһ˿˺˵ŷ֣㻹Ƚ֮óη䣬Ǵһ̸ˡ
ŷׯǽ֮óǿɣ
ڳ¹ׯ԰ܷ֣ܲһ顣ǿߺͶɢҲߴ١
ŷׯ̾һҲ޷
¹ׯ԰ơҪסׯ԰ֻѡͷ
ŷׯ֮һ˳
ŷׯó֮ڳԱ۾ȫ
ǼǿߣҲûù֮ڣ֮ǰƺֿɵá
ľϲ˷֮󣬺ܿ˲ˡŷׯó֮ȻеĲһ΢жϣ㿴֮Լֻһӡ
ŷׯʲô˼һǿɫҲӲ
ŷ֣Щ˵ȥˡӦȫ֮ȴֻһ롣ŷֲãһ֮ǺŪȥɣϺɫҲѿĵ
ûкŪλ˼ֻ֮ôˡŷׯҡͷ˵
ŷǴĵˡղĶһׯЦһĿɱڵĵ
˵ʵ֮ȷֻʣôˡŷׯŶһׯ
һ֮ȥˣһǿߵͳʵ
һ룬Ѿõˡڣֻ֮ʣô࣬Ѿȫóˡһο˵Ǿԡ
˵ܵĿ㶼䵽˾Եϡ
Сӣ˵ķݣȵ
ھ֮ǰ˵˶ׯǿߺͶɢޡׯ԰ĸׯǱֳĬ
϶ϴˣ㾹Ȼ¶棬ҲǺԣĿŶ񺣡
㡭񺣶ʱðɡ
񺣸԰ꡣڣ̸֮ķ䡣ϺסҪԾԳֵĶ񺣡
ŷ֣ĻҲﲻ㡣֮ǰ̸õģ¹ύе֮˱ڣֻóһ֮ⲻϷˣ𣿡Ϻת˵
Ѿ˵úˣѾóе֮ǲţҲûа취ŷׯ
ˣ໥һ֮ۡУȻв˲žŷׯĻŷׯ˼ֻ֣вƺҲûô
Ⱥ˰йͨһ£һȽһ֮˵һ
ŷ֣֮ǰɣϺǰҪӾŷׯнӹ֮
ŷׯȴֱһ½֮
ŷ֣Ǻ⣿Ϻ
ҿԽЩ֮ǵøһȷĴ𰸡ǣҪӳ¹˳ȥҪŵ롣ŷׯȻ׵ľͽ֮ԷڶԷûȷı̬֮ǰ֮ҪԼС
ŷׯˣɲˡһɢ޵
ɢޣֽҶ飬Ҳһݽɫ
Ҷ飬в𣿺Ǻǡ붯֣Կҵ뿴⼸ûнŷ忴ǽҶ˵
ߣҶһҪǵԵûӶԾŷׯ֡
ŷׯҲ˴㣬ǶԷŵ˳¹Ժٹ¹ᣬύ֮ԷŵԼ֮ԷܻǻԳ¹ᷢս
вǻͿղׯ԰аǿߺͶɢޣЩȻֶԸ¹ׯ԰Ҳһ顣
ŷׯĲӲӥȺҲٴεķһЩۡ
գȺ˻һ
ŷ֣һ¡ԭ¹ׯ԰֮ǿ϶ǻ˱ġǣŷֻóһ֮ȻǲСԣҪ˱ĻŷֻôӦһЩϺٴΪŷׯ
˵ɡŷׯ
һȻҪһ֮ڶ¹ׯ԰Ҫеͨ¹ׯ԰ҪòֵǻͿղΪսĸǳ¹ׯ԰ҪԽ񺣸áϺ


2785 
¹ׯ԰ֻ֮ﵽһԤڣǵȻǲĵġѰԴ˵ֵǺϼ֮Ҫ¹ׯ԰ͨ
ȻǲǻͿղׯ԰ҪӵġЩǿߺͶɢ޶ԵûʲôȤׯ԰Ͳһˣϣ¹ׯ԰õ̸ׯ԰
ڵǶ񺣵ҪˡóԼӦõ棬ӶҪ¹ύԸ񺣴áɴ˿ɼ񺣶ԾԶԺжôǿˡ
ŷ֣ĸ¹ׯ԰ܵýܣҲýܡܾôҲ޷ˡϺŷׯɫÿ£ֲһ䡣
ŷׯǾܾôյľսˡ
Щŷׯ޷ܡǰܴӦǾ޿ܵġȻʱԷû˵Ҫ¹öأԲǻͿղ̰϶ǲʹ򷢵õġһҪԸ񺣴ãͬǾŷׯܴӦġ
˵ˣҪսսɣ¹ׯ԰žǣŷׯһֵ
ŷׯǲײĲˡ
ȻˣҲûʲô˵ˡ
ǿߺͶɢޣҲǰͷ׼ǻͿղһͬԳ¹ׯ԰Ĺˡ
ŷ֣αأϺҡͷ̾Ϣ
ŷׯһԲ
ʱԳ¹ׯ԰һսŷ֣ú׼ɡϺ˵
Ȼ̸ûгɹҲ̸ˣϾ˫̸Сǿߡɢ޵Ҳ㽲ûֱӾͶԾŷׯ˶֣Ǹ˳¹᷽ʱʱ䡣
ǻȥ׼ɣŷׯľԵ˵
¹ļׯҲֹλׯҲвһ˼ǳ¹ӵվȨĻǾŷׯǲͽҲֻܾܽŷׯľ
һȡͻȻڡ
ţԳϣʲôҪ˵ģŷׯžԡ
ׯˣһ̸УǵƺûᰡҲžŷׯ
ţŷׯ΢΢һ㶡
ȺԭѾ׼ָӲԵĻһȻͣ˽ŲתĿԿ˹ȥ
ǻͿղᣬ޹¹ׯ԰򣬶ǳ¹ôʧô˵Ƕ⳥ϺˣΪŰû٣Ҳǳ¹ׯ԰޸˺ͬӦ⳥Եͳ˵
ⷬ˵ŷׯ̲ס˷ۡ
ڵǣΪΪ⣬㻹ԷҪҪԷ⳥¹ʧ
Գϣ㵽ôģ
һׯЦ
ȤȤԣɵ˰ɣһׯ˿ԼһߵˣЦ˵
ˣҲЦ
ʵǣԵⷬĿЦ¹ׯ԰ʱҪ군ˣ⾰ԻԲѡԼ߽һЩھͿԳָɵڳĳ¹ׯ԰⼸ˡ
ߣʮߣ¹ׯ԰ˡǽ֣Ǿŷׯֶܼʱ䣿
ԼҲǹˣԷľСӻҺ
Գϣǻû״ɣϺЦĿž˵
ҷֵúԻӦ˵Ⱥˣھھ¹ׯ԰ܲĵطвǻͿղɵɱ¹ׯ԰ĵɱ¹ߣɱƬ޹֮ˡǾã¹ׯ԰뿪𣿡
ǣؽصĴֲۡһ䡣
ǺǣԻһ鳰ǸҶɢ޴ŷ̵ıЦЦ
ǣ¹ׯ԰ʲôҪǸصĴأһǿҲ۾ʵ
λСޱȣ˵ˣҲ˰ɣ֮ǰһ뿴ǵϣͰʱڣ̲סˣھȽɶСӴңһׯׯǲ᲻֧Ұɣžԣҧ˵
˵ⷬǣһԾԳֵʱǳ¹ǱߵľŷֹߵҲŷˡ
һׯׯԣ˵ͷǣĸǿߺͶɢҲ˵ͷǵȻ׶񺣵˼ʱͷǴӦ˶񺣡
Сɣ񺣱һžԳɱȥ
֪Բɱۡʱ֪Եʵһˣʱɱԣûϵгʱ䡣ֻŪԣйͷĺ⣬ͬʱҲһЩʧ档


2786 
ڶ񺣿ֻҪûг¹˽룬ôɱԾʱϵ⡣
һڸۡ뾰Խ֣ϱȾԻбȽƵġڶʱԵֵסȫĹǵĵһ̶ȺƱؾͲٵסԼĹˡ
һˣŶ͵ĳԣǵĿж¶ڴɫȻˣûȥ붡ֶԸԣնɱСҪǶ֣Ҳ̫ˡǶ񺣱ˣҲһͬնɱԡ
¹ﾰԣȻءһׯׯˣҲڹ۲ŷׯˣйעһ־ŷׯҪﾰԣҲжֹ
ŷׯ˲ûżжŷׯλׯȻ֪ڵʵҲ֪ɱԲסɵ۾͸˵ˣׯ԰ڵʱ򣬾ѾɵۣԵʵˡ֮ǰ붡񺣴սʱ򣬵ʱֻ˰˴ɱ䡣ڵľԣѾ˾Ŵɱ䣬ɵۿԵʵӦǳ񺣲ˡ
ׯô죿ׯھŷׯ࣬ʵ
ׯ˶ٻЩľԵģʱ侰Զ񺣲̫Σգʱ䳤ô죿ôǿ߻Լﾰǲ̫ܡ
ׯĻŷׯû˵ü˼
Щ쵰϶ǳֵġֻҪǳְﾰԶԸ񺣣Щ쵰Ҳض֡Ϝׯ
ϜׯǷǳϲԵģھпǶζˣ˵ϜׯʱҲ뾰ȥǣǾԲڣڳ¹ׯ԰涥ֵ֮ʱ򡣴ʱ˿̣ϜׯԲ뿴Անɱ
ʵڲУҲֻƴˡһյľսӲˡղҲ˵ˣǰʱʱ䡣һλׯ
λΪԵġɵͻȻڡ
ʲô˼εѵ뾰ԻϜׯɵۡ
ŷׯҲɻıɵۣ֪ɵ˵ΪԵʲô˼
ԵʵȰ֮ǰǿࡣǶ񺣣²ǾԶ֡ɵۿ˱Ϝׯһۣ˵
񺣲ǾԶ֣εɲҪЦˡϜׯҡͷ
ε˵ģŷׯȴΪɵۻ޵ķʸ
ţ쾰Զ˵ˣıչʵͻơֵǮԾͲȶ񺣲٣µͻƣܿսѾ˶񺣡ɵ۵ͷ
һߣŷׯȻšǾԣȴѰ۹Եٶȣʵǲġ
¹ׯ԰߼˵̸ʱ򣬾붡񺣵ɱԽԽˡ
һ֣񺣾͸оԾˡ֣ԵƺȰǰǿ˲١ȫ֣ǲܽԻɳȥˣֻܽԻһ롣
죬ұɱ˴ӣоɣҪɱԵľûб䡣
붡񺣿ٽֵĹУҲԼʵʱľԣûóȫʵ붡񺣶ս
ɵھŴɱ֮󣬾֪Լʵõ˴ȵǵٴﵽʲô̶ȣԻһĿ֤ڣԾö֤Լս˶١
ͨԱȣԾԼҪɱġֻǣʱ񺣲һˣ滹ʮǳǿߡ⿪ʼʱ򣬾ԾչֳԵƣǺܿ˽䱸ֱӳ񺣡
û취Էռݷǳơ
Ժɵ񺣣˼ǣսʼʱԼֵܱ̫ǿĶ΢ӿռڴȵĵһ̶ȺԼͻȻ䱬ȫһϺ˶־Ԯ
Ȼʱûбֳʲôƣɶһ̻ˣһҲ˫üΪǹսУûп񺣶Ծγѹơ˫ĽսƺƾеӡĻɱԣ
ѵ񺣸ûȫҶü˵
Ӧð񺣸ôɱԣ֣񺣸ѵͲ뾡ս𣿡һǿߵ
Ϊ񺣸ÿɱԲʵԲȡľԵĲԣԺʱٱɱԡׯ˵
ţеһׯ˵ͷ
֪Լߵ뷨ƻѪɣǹⱣʵˣѾǽȫ߶ˣʼռκεơ


2787 ɱ
ɱһʱ󣬶ҲȷԵʵȷʵϴʱǿˡһˣѲ̫ɱԡ
ʱҲõ˵Ԯˣ֮ǰĻ˵ȥˣҪԼɵԡԮĻԼԼˣ
ֳɺԥ֮У˵ļҲɱš
ǿĸ֪һֱڸӦϵı仯
Ѿʼˡ΢΢һ
񺣵ȷʵǳϸ΢ı仯ֱ仯СѲõǿĸ֪ǲ׽ˡ
Ҳ˵΢ӿռ䴢ǲֶܼ֧񺣱ǿĹ
ˣ
ڣ͸ɵƥ򣡡ϢȻһ
еؽʱ˸ǿŶ˹ȥ
񺣿ӭĽӰҲõԤУʱǸûʱġֱ뾰Եײ񺣲ΪλõԤС
Եһ֮ǰǿһء
񺣵壬˳ȥǺɸȥҪ̵ʱڻɱ񺣡
ң嵹УԮ
һׯˣһӻûӦǰΪǹľԵھͻȻˣ񺣸Ȼһɳȥˣ
⣬Բװġ
¹ׯ԰ߣŷׯȻһ
ã񺣸Ҫܣׯ󣬾
ȥ񺣸ɢҶ鷴ӦŶսе˳˹ȥ
ֻǣ˷ʱ䣬Ҷȥʱ򣬾ƽ˸ոסεĶ񺣡
ƥ򣬻ȫ΢綼ֲϯ
һ˾ǿ
񺣣Ǻ̷֮ǰĲ̫񺣼ĵմ߶ģҲԶﲻ۷塣
飡ؽݺݵնڶ񺣵ǰ
񺣣ûסԵһԵĹ̫ˣֻŽԼ塣еҲ˾Եϡ
ν棬Ƕȫδȥֵ񺣶Ĺ
񺣺ݺݵڵϣǼ̵ʯ棬ʱҳһӶԣҲǱ񺣻õ˳ȥܿסΡ
ĬĬһ΢硣
ⲻ󣡡Ըо΢һЩ𶯣𶯲ǿңƬ̺㶼ָ
ɾŴɱľԣټϹУԵȷʵǴﵽ˷ǳֲĳ̶ȡҪ֪Ե΢ӿռ䣬ÿһһ硣ÿһ΢ӿռ䣬зǳ˵ķ΢ӣǷжܼ
ʱҶ鵽˽˿·ĿӶֿ˿ԡҶ鿼ʱԾԳֵʱ򣬾ȻɨԵҶһ󣬾ǳ˻ҵ
񺣣ڿӶû
Ҷ΢΢˿ӰһҶûȥԣ䵽˿ӶԱߣĿ⣬ӶڲӶڵĶ񺣣ûϢ
񺣸ѾˣҶԶһׯׯ˵
ҶߵһȺˣɫȻ䡣
ˣɱˣ
¹ׯ԰ߵľŷׯˣҲɴ۾֮ǰɵ˵õľԣжٶһЩǵġڣ񺣾Ǳɱˣ
񺣵ʵǿǽӽׯ԰ׯģ˵൱ˡׯ԰ׯĻҲв񺣵Ҳǿѹưˡԣһɱ˶ǿߣ˵Եʵׯ԰ׯ
ׯ԰ׯѾǿˡ˿ԵʵӦǿˡ
ôܣԡϺૡ
ǲԸţʵǰۿ񺣱Իɱģ˼١
ģ⾰ô֮ǿڳ֮صʱҲͱǳ¹ţǿһˡŶʱ䣬Ȼɱ񺣸ˣһɢ޵
˵Щûˣһ˰ڰֵ
Щ鷳ˣԣöԸһׯ˶˵
öԸҲöԸǶöࡣһ˲УǾ֣ٲоˡǾԣѲɻͷׯ˵
ߣԭʮǿߣڶѾնɱʣʮϣȻռžԵơ
λׯҪǵٸĸİɣϺüŶһׯׯ˵
Եıʵ̫ˣϺҲʼЩֵĵģһǿߺɢޣҲ˼ɵͷ


2788 Ե
ǰһ¹ׯ԰ĸĸҪ¹ׯ԰潻ԣĸǶ񺣸Ҫġڶ񺣸Ѿ¹ᾰԳϻɱĸȻûıҪˡˣ뾰ûôĳޡ
лǣһҶε⣬ǾһԳ¹ׯ԰սУǵѡ񺣱Էɱѵʲô
һׯô˵ǻׯѯʿղĶһׯ
񺣸ǵѰһׯ
ѣ˾ûʲôˡһսУǻͿղҲ˺ܶڲ̸߰Уǻ̸Уһǿ߲ΪȻ˵
սȻˡ
λׯžɱ񺣸ĹҲˡλãԵʵΣɢҶ鿪ʵ
磬ͷׯ԰ׯǹϵʵǿߣǿߺͶɢ޶Ҫ΢һ㡣
Ҷѯʣһׯׯɫ˱䡣
Ȼδ뾰ԽֹⲢѶԱȡκһ붡񺣸֣ôɵɱ񺣸붡񺣸ʱ䲢̣Ӷ¶֮󣬾Խɱ˶񺣡һͲжϳһսУڴʱʵġ
ʵʵ˵ǿûоôǿׯ˵
ȻԼ羰ǿ󣬵²ϸû壬ڳ˶վ۷ߣ˭أ
˵ûһׯҲˡ
ţĻǼ¹ׯ԰ɱףǼܹȡʤҲǲʤԣɱǴߡҾãǸøһ£ó¹ׯ԰ܽΪáɢҶ˵
Ҷֵ˵е
ţҲûҪ¹ׯ԰Ƶùǽ

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λ˵˵ôģһׯ
Ҫ֮ǰĸֻǰ
Ҫ¹ׯ԰̵ģֻвǻͿղׯ԰ǿߺͶɢޣҪ¹ĵҲûáǰĻǿߺͶɢ˵ûʲôӰģǸǻͿղׯ԰ָһ֮ͨˡ
һׯׯһۣ˶Щġ
λׯӦõѡˡ¹ׯ԰ǿߣȻٵö࣬ǶԷоԳϣεҲֲ֮ܿǰڱϪʱҲܹ񺣸Ϻλׯ˵¹ƴףλׯ԰ʧǳ޴󡣵ʱ򣬾λׯ԰ƽ˳¹ׯ԰Ҳ޷ֲԼʧ
ǿߺͶɢޣҲ̳Ȱ˵
ðɣǾͰ֮ǰĸһׯǵͷͬˡ
ׯҲ˵ͷ
һߣҲŷׯ˵
ԳϣʵŷׯĿһ⡣
ׯ֮ǰıչأȡ˺ܴĽңɲñչΪڣӱػׯ԰Ρ˵һ仰ʱ򣬿˿Ϝׯ֮ǰׯ԰ڣϜׯ¶һ˼ׯ԰ֻ߲оһûоׯ԰Ρ
Ϝʱһ졣
ԳʵǿޱȣԷȻ϶һЩҲɵԳϡׯ˵
ţ־ۼһ顣룬Ƿ񽵵˱ŷׯͷ
ϲӦûֻҪǰŷׯ˵
ԳϣֻĻǽ֮ͨǷӦôӦŷׯʵ
ڣŷׯرںԵˡׯͶһׯϲǾԶ֣ŷׯȻҲһ㡣˵ԳӦĿǰ¹ׯ԰ʵǿˡ¹ׯ԰ҪҪίȫĽԴŷׯ뿴Գϵ˼
Կ˿ŷׯֿ˿ɵۡһʱ䣬Ҳԥͨö񺣵֤󣬾֪ԼʵǷǳǿɶԷϾʮߡǾսŪó¹ׯ԰иΣա
ׯˣҲ˵ҡҡͷ
Գϣׯ԰ֻԼô㲻Ҫׯ԰ڡŷׯ֪Թ˼ɵʲô˵
һ˵ĻӦǲὫ֮ԷġԷᣬһȫҪԷشۡûгɾ˵


2789 Ҫ߸
˵ⷬ󣬾ŷׯ˼֮С
Ƭ̡
ԷʮǿߣжһׯׯǳһΣǿ߽ӽһˣѶԸġɢޣʵҲǳǿۺϣɢҪĸǿһڲǻͿղׯׯ൱ʵŷׯԷʮ˵ս
ׯҿԿԷһׯɵۿڵţٶׯҲ󡣡
ɵ۵սʵǴﵽׯġڴϣɵ۱ׯ΢һЩɵ۵Ʒͬ޴壬ȫסԷǿߡ
ţҲҪԷȫɱֻҪܹ⼴ɡЩǿߺͶɢޣΪǻͿղսǾòףӦûȴŷׯͷ˵
ʵϣŷׯʼ˵ЩʱоѾƫˣǾսȥܾԷ⳥֮
ׯ⡭᲻̫ΣˣϜׯ
Σտ϶еģҲвСĻᡣǽ֮ͨȥʱׯ԰ǰȫˣԺô죿ǻͿղֵ֮ǵض׳󣬵ʱǳ¹ׯ԰»ǻᱻׯ԰ѹ档ŷׯҡͷ
ǾƴˣׯĿо˸֮ǰǲ֪ԳϵʵһᶼûУŻίȫڣȷʵлᡣ
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ʱǱҲòˡ
ŷ֣һ¡ǣȷʵ뿴¹ׯ԰ӴԣһֻҪ¹ׯ԰֮ͨ˱Ϻ˵

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ŷ֣Ϊ¹һԳϣˣ㿴ǶԱȡϺ˿ȵ
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ׯׯǶԸǻĸˡģҰɣңҪ߸һ߸ǿߺͶɢ޵
˵ģǿߺɢޣһ߸ˡ
ԳϣⲻУ̫ˡŷׯæ˵
ԿɣԶȻǰеؽ˳һ
⾰ԣҲ̫ˣһˣԸ߸
ҲãǾ߸֣ȰѾɱ˵вġ
ţǾɱɱԡ
ǿ߶ɢޣҲ˾˵ĻһŭաһˣҪ߸ֱȫǷﰡ
ɱ
˫ǿߣܿɱһ
һ֣ԱǸܵ˿ֲѹĸǿټɢޣ֣սֲ̫ˡǸտʼԾȫ뵽˱֮Уûлֵǿͽ壬Ҳֻǿֵ
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ίʵ޷⣬߸ͬʱȫôģ
̫ǿǶһׯׯҲһЩǲֱӻ壬˵ͲǶʱˡ
ֻɱˣһ˵ֵ߸΢ӿռľκһ˵߱룬ڵҲԴԴϵİɣ
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2790 ɱĹ
ϺǿҲܿף߸֣Ҳ޷ٵĻɱԡ
߸ж㵾Եʵʱǲò־ѹ£һеɱ֮˵
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һԵս½ǾϺ˱ԵһʱӦʱϺ˱ӷĹֱԳɱ
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ŷׯʱǻļɱʵҲһֱڹעߵսԵĴʱҲжϳԵս½ܹ²⵽ΪԳڵ̫ˡ
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УԲþԳϳ⣬ҳ¹ׯ԰ʵǿߡңԳϱɱɥʧսôϺ߸˾Ϳڳֹˡʱ˶ںܶʱڱɱ
ҵ취ȥﾰԳϷֵһЩѹСŷׯٵѰ˼
ҪﾰԷֵѹǾ͵ڵսȦʱׯ԰ĸׯԵǲǻĸˡߵսȻһЩҪսȦȴǷǳѵġ
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˼ǰҲûһۡ
һսʼ֮ǰԱвһ󵨵롣뷨ǷǳðյġĲ´ˣͱɡΪһԾðҲֵõġðգǻԶܿɵ۵һ

ѾдԼ֮һҵ΢ƶˡ̮Ȼؽ
ǵĹǿȣһյʱ䣬е΢Ͷܹƶһ΢硣תͷ
߸ǿ߲ϵĹȻǷǳʹģϵʹ࣬Ծ˵ʲô΢粻ϵı仯ھǼ俺ܺϲõġ
ǹɱĹŻһɢ۾ˣƺҪ˵ӡ
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һ΢ӿռҲ̮ؽµ΢磬Ե˫Ŀ֮У񽥽һɿֲϢھԵϣ


2791 ɵ۾
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ϺǼġٳ磬ȻҲٲóֹϺĿù˳֡ϴʱϢþϺ뵽˽ˡ
ʲôϺ֣˵˳ˣѵҪﾰԣɢҶ¶ı顣
ǰд˵йϵսʼʱ򣬲ǻׯ԰Ϳղׯ԰ͼɵԿϵŲϵ̽Ҳͷˡ˳¹ׯ԰⣬˲Ҳû¶ʾǲеģ
ԴΪʶĿӦòߣ㾰йȻҲûнµ˼
ûг֣Ϻֵ˼ǣϵϢƣ˵˽ˡһǿߵͳ˵
ôܣ⾰ԣôн˵ϢɢҶҡͷ˵
ԵϢȷʵˡоԡϢյǲͬģǸ߲εһΰһǿɫҰ˵
ǿϵЩ˺ۺҲڿٻָ֮УһɢͻȻ˵
ϵƣ֮ǰֹ֮ǺصġڣЩ˺ȴԼ侪˵ٶ޸
ѵѵһˣһǿס
ˣǿ仰˼̤һǴҲοɵ۲Ρ֮ڵߣδܿһġЩߣȻ֪е·ϣǰһµأʼ޷һǲܽǸµء
֪µؿ϶Ǵڵģ˾Ǹµ֮С
ƽƽжɢ޷˻
СҲδؾǿһˣҲ˲žܿһµء
ɱɱҵҪʲôϷƭҵȣΣɢҶٴδ߶ڵžԳɱȥ
ʱ򣬾ڵ΢ȫתϡµ΢磬洢ϲ֮ǰࡣǣʹóܴﵽЧȴ֮ǰܹġ
ҶԼһЦؽڿռڻ
ۣؽĽ棬Ҷϡ
ҶԾԵĹȴɵıܿڹҶͬʱɱܿҶĹ
ؽصĽ棬ҶӴҶޱȵ壬ʱǳһ޴ĿӡɢҶؽĽǰʧȥԭļͶȡƺûǴһڡѪҺڴ
ҶƬ̺־ŭĺ
ҶֵܣߣҲٵĳ嵽˽
ǳԾĿҶϵ˿ڣĿֿԣžеؽ˵ղŻ˾þԲǿһ磬ôڣǵֻɾ͸ˡԲǽǸ磬ô֮һҶôһ˺ۣ
ԣŷׯˣȻҲ˾Եı仯
ׯˣԳǡһӱǿ˺ܶࣿƼأҲƺָˡׯնԾŷׯ˵
ǰׯԳʹʲôɣϜׯҲ˵
磬ǲʲôġڵߣеķʽܼ򵥣һɱ䣬һϾõˡȻҲһЩǧͬЧϣܹǺٺٵģЧıãҲõޡ
Ϝׯ֮˵ҪΪ֪ϵģ


2792 
ˣڱϜׯ˿ܵġ
ǲʲôط˸һطƺҲǲܵġ
ǽ˲ӵеΰϢŷׯҡҡͷ˵
Ϝׯ˶תĿžŷׯ֪ŷׯ仰ʲô˼
ԡһˣɵ۶ȻŷӦ
ɵһֱΪܹһϴﵽɵ۵ĲΣû뵽һô졣ԣɵҲסˣֱŷׯ˵仰ʶԿѾɵˡ
ε˵Գﵽ˰ˣԳϡԽˣׯһǲŵɫ
εӦǶԵģ򣬾ԳͻȻսĲΣǶ񺣺ǿᣬɾԳϼ򵥵ͽɱˡУԳֵֻһ̴Ҷ塣ŷׯ
˶¶𾪵ı飬ǿϲ
ԳĿһôԸϺ˿϶ûˡ
ΪԴԾŷׯɵߵСսҲʱͣס˲ɱǻׯ԰Ϳղׯ԰ˣͬڽжϺͷׯ԰һߣʱۼһ
һ֣ôׯüͷŶһׯ
ǡˡһׯͬ˫üҡҡͷ
ԳԽҲΣǾûлˡׯͷ
ǰģô
һս汾ʤȯյģӵѹ¹ׯ԰ԵıһЩѣҲ޷ƣֻҪķѶһʱ䣬Ȼܹ¹ׯ԰ɵڣʹˡ
ԳԽҲΣҪǵģͲԼܲ¹ׯ԰ˣҪԼܻܲ뿪¹ׯ԰ˡ
ʱ򣬾Բδ֣ͣһҶش֮žϺ˷˹ʵ˿һشҶ飬ʵϾԶҶһҲǶȫ
ﵽɵۼûϾŸոȡĲͻơ΢֮Եò̫ȶټϾ֮ǰǼصġʱľԣǲܷӳȫսģɵۼʹûû
ԶԼҲ뾡ⳡսȥûκεĺôٳֹʱÿһζǽȫԸ
ڴﵽɵۼ֮󣬾ԵĹȷʵҲܵÿһȥһˡ˭޷ڳܾһιܰȻ
ڻ˶ߺ󣬾Ҷ顣
Ҷ鱻ش֮ҲˣߺѰһṥԡ󣬱ߣû˿սȻַȻҲһʧڻߺ󣬱㽫Ҷϣһȡ
ãҶֽһоΣϯ
Ҷ鿴ԽӽԼһնɱæҪ˱ܡȻԶסͲܱܵÿҲﵽɵۼ
Ҷ鳷һξ룬Ǳһ壬ҽһӿп׹䡣壬һΪԴһ֣Դ֮µһ֡ԵһҶԴնˡ
ҶɢޣȻҲ֮ȥˡ
ˣΧԵİߣֻʣˡʣµˣ󲿷Ҳˡ
ͣԳϣͣ֡Ϻæں
ϺӦȽϿ죬ǻɱ˶񺣣ֻ֮ɱҶ顣ڿԳԽҲӦǰ϶ˡɱȥûκεĻܹɱԳϡȻûκεĻᣬϺȻҲɱȥˡ֣˵һɱľϺ
Գϣˡ
̸̸ˣҲȺ󿪿ڡ
ŵ⼸ˣȻ뾰Խˡ
Ǻǣ˵ʲôЦһŶˣҲûм֡
Գϣսе˫ʧǳ޴󡣼ȥ˫޷ܡԣ˫ⳡսɣϺһת˵
ս۾һ¡
ԶԶԣⳡսսʼڣ˫ɱȥŷׯӦҲˡ֮ǰ˵֮ͼڳ¹ׯ԰ɡһǿͷ
õͦã
뷢սͷսֹͣսֹͣսĿоۣߣǸ¹ׯ԰ѣó¹ׯ԰Թľ޴ʧ


2793 ѡ֮
˵ʱ󣬵ȴ̺ױȵĴ͸
˳ƨˣ
ǺǣǾó¹ׯ԰ܴӦߣûôסЦ
ǰһֱڱչԳ¹ڵĲ״δĿãҲׯ˵ˡһս¹ׯ԰ʧȷʵ޷ģׯ԰ڲԱͳƣׯ԰ôͳƵ
ԳϣʵǼⳡսɱ˲ࡣǣȷʵǾڱ̫ˡϺ
Ϻ˵û¹ЩȥߣǲǻͿղĳԱɱġһǿҲжε
оǶ񺣣һҲɱ˺ܶˣǵҲȰ񺣣񺣸ͲǵġԳϣڶҲɱˡһɢ޿ž˵
⼸ˣʱжԼϵΡ
λǿɲô˵Ǽʱ򣬿ɶעԼ١һׯ̲ס
ЩǿߺͶɢ޼ʱ򣬶صıԼĹͣıõĺô
ԳϣȷʵˣǶԴ˳ϡˣֻнսܱ˫ɸʧׯ̧Ŀž˵
ЩˣڶǶԾ˵ԣ˫ǷܹսĹؼ㣬ھϡûоԣڲںŷׯôġ
˵ϻһ֣Ŀ˿ׯˡ
ҪսҲԡڣǾ̸̸ֱ⳥⡣һһһܲˡó㹻⳥Ҿǳߡ
ԳϣҲҪ⳥Ϻ
˵һһһܲ⳥ɨ˾Ϻһۡ
ھǿѹ֮£ϺȷʵҲˡֻ·һ
ôҪ⳥أϺת
ׯԶԾŷׯһ
ŷׯҲλׯɵۣһͬ˹
ׯǻᡢղᣬ⼸ˣڶⳡսˡ˵ָָϺˡ
šŷׯͷ
ɱǳ¹ߣս㹻⳥Ȼ⳥ٶ࣬Ҳ޷ȥ˸ǣǾ㽫ЩȫɱһҲ޷ȥֵǸ룬ֻҪ⳥㹻Ǿǳ߰ɡԼ˵
Ҵһʧɣŷׯ̾Ϣһͷ˵
ǻͿղׯ԰ڳǿߡɢޣҪصĴԼ⳥ɾŷׯͳ¹ĸ߲ԱԾͲˡԣֻҪһԼලǣһ߻Ҿܾ⳥⳥Դﲻ¹ׯ԰ģǾȻնɱԷ

Ԫ򣬺ø
ø˫ĿĿоŷϣ¶һĨЦ⡣
Сӣûʧ
ţԤƵģǰ˲̵ʱ䡣
øܹӦ硣磬Ǻøһ硣磬ҲһԪΨһĿռˡ
øԶ磬ϣ
ڣԽҲκ󣬺ø̾͸֪һ
СӣΨһϣˡø˵һ䣬Ŀеľȥ˫ƺһˡ
ʱ䣡ˣ
ûоԪ͵Ļǲ֪Ľѡǹа޷赲ѽ̽һԪ͡ϣһлüɣøվڷⲽ

ԣ̤ɵ֮ˣɵھߣѯʡ
ŷׯׯڶҪ⳥Դ
Ӧð
ǰ֮ǰҵĲ²ȷġҵ΢磬ҲˡҸо΢ڶܵˡԵͷ
Ȼѡ֮ˣøѡ㣬ȷʵԵġɵ˵ˣûԡ
ɵҲ˾֮ǰ뷨Ŀġ
߸߽֣ȷʵǻųԵĿġǸоķӣһ㳬ԽҵϣûСܹ뵽ķǸıڵ΢硣
ǰҲԡԵ˵š
ûϣģԣְͨ취ı΢ӿռ䣬Ǻø϶ѡ˳ˡ룬żȻģһ˿¾ͲСɵҡҡͷ
ԣڵ㣬ƿȥ𣿡ɵתʵ
ػԪˣ
ӦǿԵġǰⳡսȫ׼׼Կ֪ɵ۵˼


2794 䶨
ɵ۰಻סеļԾͷ
Դ֪ҹɵۻţɵ뷵ػԪͷԽԽǿҡʵƲıݡ
ŷׯ⳥ҪδҲ̫һЩɣҪô⳥ǲǻõóǻׯŷׯ
ԺɵȻһ̸߽ŷׯҲԶׯɫٶʱһ
ৣ
û˵κλֻһׯ˹ȥԴﵽɵۼŶγɼֲĹԱһξ룬ͬɷǳֲɱ
ׯȻû뵽ԻͻȻԼ֣ΪԾʮףǻʱӦԾԵĹɫ֮£ׯȫתͼֵסԵĹ
Ȼǿ֪ģׯܵסԣҲͲˡһϮɱ֮£ׯԭʹЩƵٴαشһӾͱήֵžԡղŵûֱӳܾԵĹʱᣬؼʱ־ռ
ٸּۻۣһҵĹҪĿׯ˵
ׯˣ
ûа취ھǰʵûκΰ취ܿ⡣ĻǾֻʵʵġ
˿ׯ³ȻҲٶ˵ʲôˣ¾ŷׯҪҧгݣҲֻʹĽܡ
ŷׯҪҲиݵġŷׯҲҪȺ¹ׯ԰⳥ǸòԴŷׯҪ⳥ǸߣȺҧܹճġ
ŷׯȺȡ⳥˳öˡ
Ϊ⳥Ӵڳֳ޷ó㹻ԴģҪȥ׼
¹ׯ԰һµʱ׼㹻⳥ԴһڣҪ⳥Դ͵¹ׯ԰ٴγ˵
һ£
ʱ̫ˣ
ԴˣһʱͲҿղׯ԰ܲ·;ңԶǵ¹ׯ԰·ϣҪһʱˡһׯ˶Ц˵
Զ˶٣˼⣬һʱȷʵЩš
ʮ죡¹ׯ԰ʮʱ䡣ʮûн⳥Դ͵¹ׯ԰һԵšʱҪľͲ⳥ԴˡԺ˵
ʮҲ˻Ҫ׼ʱ䡣
Ҫ˵ˣʮ졣ʮ⳥ԴûԸסˣԽ⳥Դ͵¹ׯ԰ܲһִҪ׼ʱǿߡ
Ϻ˶һۣ̾һʮʱ䣬ȻȽϽţҲ㹻ˡԵ̬ȣƺҲܸǸʱˣҲûҪٶ˵ңŪþһնɱǵܿܵ͵
ׯһׯоϺˣͷĻصʱָӲ
˻ˣ
λˣ
ʱָӲڣ϶ׯ԰ϵǿߡЩˣһׯׯһüЦտӭӣͬʱҲǴк
ϵЦûάֶãΪǺܿͿոջĴɫǳѿңܶϻԵơ
ôˣ
ѵ¹ׯ԰ɱˣ
ǣ⡣
ׯˣ¹ׯ԰̸ΣУ񺣸Ҷôûһһ㵵ıʵ
ׯ԰һׯɫ˵˼֡
ͻȥ¹ׯ԰Ǳߡǳһӡ
׼ؿղׯ԰ܲһׯ
Ҫˣˡ񺣸ҶߣɱˡϺͳ˵һ䡣
ܣʱ
λׯȸˡȥ׼Ҫ⳥¹ԴϺ̾˵º󣬱ڿշȥ
ǿߺͶɢޣҲĲɵĸ뿪

¹ׯ԰ܲŷׯ;ԵˣҲصׯ԰ڵߣһֱڵǡǼŷׯˣȫȫβĻصׯ԰ܲ׷ɳһ
ׯˣӦ˱ǣûҪɣ÷ϵʵ
Ϻ͸߲ԱҲžŷׯˡ
ŷׯ΢΢һЦ˿Ժ˵ӦѾڳ˰ɣ
ˣȺĶˡ
ׯô˵ǳ¹ׯ԰סˣ
ֻǣ֮ûˡһΣǳ¹ׯ԰ʧ̫ˡ
ׯˣ֮ǳ¹ׯ԰ûзֵһ㣿
˶ѯʣҲϣׯ԰̸ܹжٷֵһ֮


2795 
ŷׯ̧֣ʾҰ
̳ǳ¹ׯ԰򣬶ǳ¹ׯ԰Ҫ֮ҲøκԴŷׯ߰

Щ˲Ҫ֮ˣ
ǳ¹ׯ԰ǳ¹ׯ԰֮ڣôͻȻͲҪˣ
¹ׯ԰£˸ׯ˺ɵ֮ۡ⣬һԾı顣
˵갡ŷׯ΢Цڶׯ԰ԱǰҲû˰
һУ鹦ھԳϡ
ԳһˣɱЩˡԳϣնɱ˶˶ɢҶ飬ҲԳϻɱˡŷׯ˵
Щˣ뾰ԳɱˣǲòȴңǻҪǳ¹ׯ԰⳥޶Դ
žŷׯ˵¹ׯ԰ڶߣĿɿڴ
Գϣ˵ǿ󣿾Գһˣɱôġ
һЩʸĳϣ뵽ʲô
Գϣ㡭ĪѾԽҲˣһžԣžηıʵ
֪Ҳ֮ϻһ߲εߣҲԡ
΢Цŵ˵ͷ
ЩĳϣȻԽңǲһ
һΣǾԳϺճǳ¹ׯ԰ˡŷׯĽӿ˵
Գ꣡
Գǳ¹ׯ԰

һƬХĻ쳹ׯ԰֮ڡ

ʱһյĹȥһս󣬾ٴαչһʱ䡣һαչߣҪΪ˽µ΢硣Ȼﵽɵۼ֮ϵ仯
ԷԼڵ΢磬ոɾŴɱʲôǣµ΢ڵ֮ǰǽȻͬġµмֲĿµɱ
򵥵ĶԱȿ֪ڴﵽɵۼ֮ǰóһֵɱڣóܹɵɱǴﵽ˾ĵز˵һֵɱˣֵɱҲԶԶֹ
ң⻹ǽԻ֣ʱƣԼﵽɵۼ΢ڵڳĽһʱ䡣˵Եɱڻ֮С
̫ǿˣ
ҵǸոǴﵽɵۼԪЩɵɱǾо޴ơо̾
ѹ֣ѹֺøЩɵ˵ľη
꣬̾ɵ۵ǿ
ȻⲻҲþȥ룬һԪߵĻԪͣ߼ġɵ۵ģӦҲв١ôϸԪͣôģֻһøһԪ͡
˼ãҡҡͷЩأԼȷʵûʲôͷֻкøܹɡ

ھԸǻׯ԰ղׯ԰Ǽǿߡɢ޵ʮڣЩ½Ľ⳥Դ͵˳¹ׯ԰ܲ
ǲˣ
Դʧ˻ٻۣܱûҪõöࡣ
ѾǳԽҲεǿߣǸˣԾԲŹǡȻ󣬵ǾصĵطҲѾԵ׷ɱ
ⲻжϡ
ǿЩ˼ܶ㿪˵׷ȻܣԣǴﵽ˽ǸΡ
ǻׯ԰ղׯ԰ǿߡɢޣûһˡʵʵĽ⳥Դ͵¹ׯ԰Ҳû׷
Ծ׼ݻصԪˡ
һգԵһҴ
ϴˣ̽鴫һϢƷ˽ټ
ԣδѰҽࡣҲѾ㣬Լ뿪֮ǰһѰҽࡣȻˣԲȷǷ񻹻ţԼܲҵҲûκεġ
ȴû뵽ʱ򣬾ƷֽϢ
ǰ»ׯ֮ǰ񺣹Ӷɱ˰»ׯ԰
ʲô
ҵׯˣ۾ʱ󣬿ϲؼ䡣
ţӦþǰ»ׯ࣬Ȼȷ̽ҴϢǾбȽϴİˡصͷ
ãܺã
ׯʱںδվЩȲҪȥˡ
̽ݵķ˵ƽׯߣʱׯ԰һڡֲн࣬ǽаꡣ


2796 ̫Ѻ
ׯ԰ԭ»ׯ԰ڹģҪܶࡣ»ׯ԰ھԳ֮ǰֻһ΢Сׯ԰ű󣬵ֱ񺣹Ӷɱָ֮ǰ»ׯ԰Ҳûдﵽеȹģׯ԰
ׯ԰һеׯ԰ׯ԰Ҳԭܻׯ԰ڵһׯ԰ׯ԰»ׯ԰̫Զ
ϴˣҪҪ̽ׯ¹ׯ԰ʵ
̽Ȼƽߣûеõȷ֮ǰҲж
ãȥһׯ԰ҡͷ˵ȷһׯ԰λá
ǣӦ
ȷׯ԰λú̳ҲЩеҪࡣ
΢Ļ߶ԵӰ֮ϣΪһׯ԰λ÷ȥԵķٶȣ̤ɵ۲֮ǰͬնڿɵ֮ǰҪִׯ԰ȫкͣЪҲյʱ䡣ڣ㲻ȫУҲֻҪʱʱ䡣
֮޷˲ƣڻԪǾֻҪһͷܴӳ¹ׯ԰˲ƶׯ԰
ʱׯ԰һڡ
ͳˣ䳵Ѿ׼ãʱԳˣһƽʿվһŮǰ˵
ڿɳԴۻһ󣬱Ҫ͵ׯ԰ܲ
󳡣һԴ͵ׯ԰ܲѾһʱ䣬һڻԴˡʵϣĿ󳡿ɳԴĸʱһҲǿԵġһһƵʣӦ˵Ǻܸߵġ
ǻƽʿĻŮü
ͳˣѾԳˡǻƽʿûеȵӦ˵һ䡣
׼ˣǾͳɣŮ߿˵
ͳˣѺͳǰׯ԰ܲҲ֪ܲǱָѺ˵ġƽʿ˵
ƽʿȻ˵ʱܹĻƺǲͳܾ
ͳ죬ʵǽֽ࣬аꡣ
֪ˣ˰֡
ǣȸˣƽʿ˹֣˳˷䡣
ڻƽʿ˳֮󣬽̾һҲ߳䣬׼ĳȥ
Ƭ̺󣬳ӷׯ԰ܲǰ
긱ͳ𣿡
Ѻͳӳׯ԰ͳ¶棬ѯʸղƽʿ
ǵͳˣͳѾѺͳӳˡƽʿͷ
긱ͳҿԣͳҡͷ˵ǴӦׯ԰ܲׯˣҪ
ǻƽʿû
ׯ԰ׯԽǷ˼յׯ԰ʱׯͿ˽ࡣׯҲǶԽ˼ֱӾܾˡ
ľܾλׯЩֱֲӷλׯýൽϵһͳ졣ڿϣȻǲׯ԰ܲڵġҽൽ֮󣬲ҪڵĹÿ»ҪѺһ鵽ׯ԰ܲ
ׯ԰ׯֶʹı⣬ʵǱȽϵͼӵġ
˵긱ͳòĺׯ뷨ҲͳٺһЦ˵
ƽʿĸ˵ҲûôĹ˼ɡ
ಣ
һӰ֮ϼٷжˣȻǴӳ¹ׯ԰ܲľԡ
ֱӾ͵ڵĿ󳡸
Դӿн󣬱ܿһׯ԰̽˾ǰ̽Ǹڿ󳡼ӵ֮̽һ
ϴˣ̽Թ
šԵͷׯ԰ˣʲô֣
سϴ˵Ļֽаׯ԰߼̽ĵ
ܺã㷢ֵģٴεͷʵ
ǵģׯȷڵġׯѾа꣬󳡵ĸͳ졣Ӧ
ʱڿ֮ڣԿһ۲ԶĿʵ
ׯڰʱ֮ǰѺǰׯ԰ܲ
Ѻ飿Ǹͳ죬ΪҪѺˣü
ׯ԰ָܲׯ󳡵Դ͹ˣׯ԰ƺԽׯѺá˵
û˵ׯ԰ׯԽ뷨
Գϴ˶Խ⣬Ƕ֪顣Դǲںׯôó¹ׯ԰̽ѰҽأңʱԴ˻֪ׯãׯܿǾԳϴ˵Ůˡ
ׯ԰ׯ쾰Գϴ˵ŮˣֱǻĲͷˡһʮҲġ


2797 ۿ
˵ׯ԰Խ಻ѺãĿʱһ
ˣׯ԰ƬҲǺܺãǷֱӲƺǸܵ˾ԵĿ仯˵
Ҳ΢΢һ㶡
ׯ԰Խׯʲôʵ
Ҳûֵ̫飬ǡԽׯΪׯ԰ҲǺ飬ȴɵθͳ졭˵
԰˰֡
Ű˵Ҫׯ԰ԻΪʲô顣ΪһС£ԵȻͲһׯ԰ֲѪħͷ
ղ˵ׯѺԴȥׯ԰ܲת
ǵģʱ֮ǰųСׯ԰ĳٶȲ̫죬Ӧþׯ԰ܲһЩ롣
ţ߰ɣ׷ϳӡԵ
Դĳӣٶȷʵ졣֪ӵ·ߣԺͰܿ׷˳ӡ
ԴͳӣҲг¹ׯ԰̽šԳϴôׯׯ԰̽Ȼ˿⣬ǲŽׯҲʱʱ̿עŽ᲻ʲôΣա
ԶԶģԾͿ˳еĽࡣ
ûˣǽࡣʱ򣬲㳹
֮ǰõϢ󣬾Ȼȷ໹ţûȷ̽ûҴ֮ǰԶٻһЩǵġ
ϴˡǸųӵĳ¹̽Ҳǰ
ض񡣡Զ̽˵ͷ˵
ˣׯ֧䳵Сׯ԰ܲѾܽڵٶȣյʱ伴ɵִ̽
ڵĿ󳡣ׯ԰Ҫ󳡣ׯ԰ܲǷǳġ
ŶôִܵˡٵȵȣǸųӣһȥׯ԰ܲǺǣҲ뿴ׯ԰ׯʲôɫԸı˵
֮ǰ϶ϣִ֪̾ׯ԰ܲҵʲôʱ䣬һȥׯ԰Ҳ޷
ǣ̽Ȼκ
һյʱң䳵ӱǵׯ԰ܲׯ԰ڣһϳнӹ
ϣ뾡ԴǱ߱Ƚæµ㷵ءǳϹ˵
㹤һġץʱ䣬Ҳʱġһı顣
긱ͳ죬Ƚׯ԰ϢɡҲͰȫˣֻҪԴˣ֪ͨ㡣˵
üǲׯ԰ģׯ԰ڶͣô˵ˣҲûʲôõİ취
ֻ˵Ҿźˡ
ҡҡͷҲû˵
Ƭ̺󣬱һׯ԰ʿԽ๰˵ͳ죬ׯȥׯҪ˽һ¿Ǳߵ
ʱ򣬽޷ܾˣֻܽׯ԰ׯ
ǺǣȤڳӺ󷽵ľԣЦһ
ȻҲǿеèˣȻ̽ûж˵ʲôɴʱ²֮ǰ˵ĲѺʲô˼Ǿеٶˡ
ʵׯ԰ׯԽǷ뷨ǲġǣǲԸܡ
߰ɣׯ԰ׯ۾˵
ʲôˣֹ
ھԺͰ˽ӽׯ԰ŵʱһȺʿע⵽ˣһƬֹƽʱׯ԰Ҳǲⲿͣӽģ˵ׯ԰ڽԴӡ
ֹٽӽǿҪˡ
һȺʿȡžˡ
Ҳǽӽ䱸žˡ
󵨣һȡ
ʲôˣׯ԰˵ȲÿҲһʶģ˶Ѱߣʾʿ԰ֳѯȷϡ
۾ʲôֱһһƳֵУ
ϣг¹
¹᣿üЩ죬һûӦ
ׯ԰ׯ԰̫ͼˣǴׯ԰ĳϣǾ˲ͷӦˡׯ԰ׯ԰ĳϣƽʱܽӴģҲǴׯ԰вԱ¹ׯ԰Щ˵̫ңԶˡ
Ҳ֪¹ׯ԰Ĵڣ˺ʱɫʱ䡣¹ׯ԰ǿͷׯ԰ɴ۾ĶŰеƣ
ǿǳ¹ׯ԰һڲԱ˲õĴ
ֻǡĴׯ԰ʲô
󣬵ʱɲ˿дæǰСĵׯ԰ïλˣ


2798 
λïϣսսֻԼ˫ȶЩ
Щׯ԰ʿһЩ֮оܶû˵¹ׯ԰ǵӡ֮Уܻׯ԰ǾȻˡȻڴܻׯ԰Ѿˡ
û¹ׯ԰ҪǴï϶Ծ˵̬Ҳжϳ˶ѰˣҲ̹
ˣǽׯ԰ڣǸׯԵʵ
ˣͲȥˣׯ԰ׯ˵ɡ΢˵
ǣ
ׯгӭǳϴˣֶïȵ
ïľսĿ˿ԣѾ˰ƣ֪ǳ¹ׯ԰ڲԱ¹ڲԱȴԱΪϴˡôѾ֮ˣ¹ׯ԰ĳϣ
ïԳ¹ׯ԰˽ⲻ࣬Ҳ֪¹ׯ԰ĳϾҲεǿߡʵϣ¹ׯ԰λҲǾƷҲΡ
ǣǣСȥׯ˳ïӦٷׯ԰֮ڡ
ׯ԰ׯʱ㱨
ׯˣׯˣ
洫ïٵĺ
ׯɫһڣĿеĲúԡе㱨Ǽ٣ĿĲ൥ദȻǲϣʱ򱻴š
˶ׯаһ
ʲô£ׯʵ
ׯˣ¹ׯ԰ͻȻݰׯ԰ʱׯ԰֮⡣ïϿ˵
ʲôׯȻһ
һ¹ׯ԰ȴһ൱Ȼ֪¹ׯ԰ڰ»ׯ԰֮ǰӳ¹ׯ԰дﵽ»ׯ԰˺ܶԴǴ׿˵ǾׯĽׯѾǳ¹ׯ԰ĳϡ
ʱï˵ǳ¹Ĵݰ٣ʱ뵽˾ׯ
ѵǾׯҵ𣿡ޱȵĻϲ
ڰ»ׯ԰֮󣬽Ҳûȥ¹ׯ԰ҾԡǣдںܴѶȣʵϵͣ¹ׯ԰ңԶѰȫĵִ¹ׯ԰ңʱ»ׯ԰Īľͱµǿ߸𣬽Ҳҵ߶»ׯ԰ĿǿǲѰ
ׯ԰ĸ֣ұ¶Լеȼ
¹Ĵˣ
ô¹Ĵ˽ׯ԰ׯվïϡ
ׯˣλҪȥ˵ǲׯ԰ïϵͷ˵
ȥǼλ¹ׯ԰Ĵˡ긱ͳ죬ҡׯЩҵĳ䣬ڳͬʱͷԽô˵һ䡣
ïϣҲæĸȥ
ȻûׯҲ˳ȥó¹ˣܿ˾ׯķԸҵȻҪ¶
ׯܿ͵ׯ԰֮⣬ԶԶվŵӰм
ïôȷλǳ¹Ĵˣׯʸï
Ҽһλ˵ƣг¹Ǽٵġׯλվм俴ȽĴˣƺǳ¹ĳϡï
ׯûסһ
λˣׯׯ԰⣬æ
ϴˣׯ԰ׯԾ˵
ǲŲׯ
ǣСׯ԰ׯС̧ͷһ۾ԣƾΪϴˣȻҲˡ
ʱŲʶתĿһǰ긱ͳ˳
긱ͳ죬Ҳҵ𣿡ɫһ
˶ҶԽׯ˲ҿȵ
ŭȣͷһ󡣽֣ʵ֪ģ»ׯ԰Ҳ֪˵ܻׯ԰Ͱ»ׯ԰ͬʱġֻǲʶѣδ౾ˡׯ԰ԭ»ׯ԰Ȼ̫ԶҲԵġͨ˵ǾɾͲˡ
ׯ˿ֿ࣬˿㱼Щˣλ¹Ĵ˵Ľ࣬ƺׯ԰󳡵ĸͳꡣ
ʶһ֮󣬲ׯ˶ˣһƬհסҲ˵һЩ»౳кĹϵѾ˵Ĵܻᣬ¹й
ׯԿ߹Ľ࣬ûرı仯ȴ̲Ÿӵ仯
ԾãԼǷ࣬ЩΡ»ׯ԰˵׾ΪԲŸģܻҲáһ㣬ڵׯ԰ʱͻᱻɱˡ
ԡˣ㡭ôˣ࿴ԺĿǾ㵡


2799 ڿȥ
෽Ųµ¹˿뾰йأû뵽ԻԹ
˲Ϣ֮䣬оӯ⡣
ׯþòһаã
ԺͰ긱ͳ׽Ĵкǲׯ˾Ͷúɸһ㡣ԣµİ긱ͳ֮ǰ»ׯ԰Ľࡣ
ͦõģǡǵׯ԰ѾûˡҲƲסỬա
ţһжҶҶԲסׯ԰ֵǡҲΪׯ԰ֵǸˣǶѾɱ»ׯ԰ˣǶ񺣹Ӷɱ֣ɱҲѾ̾һ˵
Ȼɱ˶񺣣ǰ»ׯ԰ʹܻׯ԰Щˣ޷ˡȻ˵ǿ½⽵ʱ˭Ҳ˵áЩˣڿܻڿĽʯڡ
ׯôׯ԰ˣԺһתʵ
㽫ԼΪ˶׷ɱׯ԰¼˵һ顣
ˡˣңҲ֪긱ͳǰ»ׯׯҺһֱӾ͹˵ϡ
¹ׯ԰ĳϴˣҪԸǻһ仰飿û
Կ˲һۣûǡ
ׯׯ԰ʱܿࣿЩˣû۸㣿ʽࡣ
ׯǾԿ϶Źԣ벩СȨܻ࣬ܲͿ˼
Ҳ׾Ե˼˿ҡͷ
ȻΪ˱ͷһЩʵֶΣȷʵûǿжԲһЩԹ⻹ԶûﵽҪĵز
ԴˣͦõģׯҲûֵ̫顣
ô˵ׯͷĴʯ΢һЩмĶԽл
ԵͷȻׯô˵ˣʱͽԴĲϡӣڿʼ㵽ׯ԰Ŀȥڿڿʱ䣬һɣס͵Ǳҷ˿Ͷȡɣҷ顣
ǣǣлˣлˣߵס
ԭΪαˣȻҪڿ꣬ͷöˡһʱ䣬Ҳ̫á˵ԴҲû˵ׯλӣڿڿһׯ԰ׯԴϣȻǰõһࡣ
ׯһͬȥ¹ׯ԰ɣڳ¹ׯ԰ʹ޵ԴУҲõӰ졣ֶԽ
ǣǡʵ΢ܹ¹ׯ԰˵Ҫ¹ׯ԰еȼкܸߵҪ󡣾ǳ¹ׯ԰ֱ󳡽ߣҲֻкһܽ¹ܲġļʶȵǹ㲩ˣԳ¹ׯ԰һ˽ˡ
ׯȫصġ¹ׯ԰ǾԳϴһ仰顣һЦ˵һ䡣
˵ĵȻǴʵ
ԾԵ˵һ߼¹ׯ԰ܲ뵣γ¹ׯ԰ׯŷׯҲضԥľͻλ͡
ĻǲٴĿɿڴλԴˣڳ¹ׯ԰ݰһ仰һﲻҪ߼¹ׯ԰ܲ
Դˣġɫ΢һΣͷ
ãͻȥɣԵͷ
ҴׯȻȥˣǶҲȥׯ԰֮ܲǻõĳ͡ҵׯǹͺܴ󡣡ֶ԰̽
лϴˣ˶ͷϲ
ֱڶӳһǽ࣬Žɶʧ֮ϡ
Ÿʲôȥڿ󣿺ߣҲǾԴƣԴţɨһ۲ׯ
ǣǣСȥ󳡡ׯӦ

¹ׯ԰ܲ
ԴŽׯ԰ֻһָ¹ׯ԰̱ڼ̵ʱꡣ
ԴŽ÷
÷ϣλǽ࣬ԭ»ׯ԰ׯԶ÷Ͻܽࡣ
ǺǣԳܶˡ֮ǰһΪñɱֺˡžͺãžͺã÷е˵
÷ϣѾΪׯ԰ܲԱߡ˵
Ȼû⣬һӦ÷Ҳûƴǵ˼еȼȻϵͣ÷ûʲôӰ졣
лˡԵ
л÷ϴˣҲԵл
ôֵģãԺ³Աʲô飬ֱң˶㲻ң÷΢Ц


2800 뿪֮ǰ
ཻ÷ϣҲͷˣ뿪磬Ժǲڽߣ÷տԱ֤Ժ˳ġ
࣬ܳһʱ²ټ棬Ͱĸ÷ϡκѴ÷ŽԶԽඣ
ţסԾԵͷ˵
Ȼû˵ҲоƺʲôҪȥܳһʱ䶼ܻžһߣ뵽Լǿеȼû˵ֻΪҪȥģ϶Ǵ£ֻһ鷳
ཻ÷֮󣬾ֳ˳¹ׯ԰뿪磬֪ûлٻ뿪֮ǰ¹ׯ԰һЩ顣
¹ׯ԰֮һֻ֮Ҫгʱ䷢չ϶ܹӵѹղׯ԰ǻׯ԰ʵġׯ԰սУ¹ׯ԰ʧ޴ͬҪϳʱָܻ
ҲǵģԼɵ뿪֮ǲǻׯ԰Ϳղׯ԰ֶԸ¹ׯ԰ԣԴԼ뿪֮ǰȥͷׯ԰תһȦ
Ҳûɱʲô˵˼ȥׯ԰Ҫ壬òǻͿղĸ߲㣬ҶԳ¹ׯ԰ٶ˼
ﵽɵۼ֮󣬽ʱԱȵ˲ǻׯ԰ܲڲǻׯ԰Ͽա
쿴ǲǻׯ԰Ͽиˡ
ǻׯ԰ߣϿյľԣʱ
Ĳǻׯ԰߾;ۼĿſеӰ
ʲôˣ
ôĵӣҲǻׯ԰Ͽͣ
һǻĲͷ𣿡
ǣ׷׺ȣҲȥͨׯ԰߲
ׯ˵ׯ԰Ͽգʱ˷䡣ЩСׯ԰Ըׯ԰Ͽͣ˵ǻͷׯ԰ˡΪǶǲǻׯ԰ơ
֮ǰսǻׯ԰¶ǱܣһֱѹŶ޷йڣȻ˵Ʋǻׯ԰˾͵άׯ԰棿
ׯûжԥڳſеΧɱȥ
ֻǣׯںܿ͵Ȼ޴ˣΪǺܿͷ֣ڲǻϿյ˲Ǳˣǳ¹ׯ԰ĳϾԡǳ¹ϣǲǻȻκεη壬ԵǾԣ˵ݻĵӶûС
ׯԽʱǵѾЦݣһЩ
ԴˣׯΪ׵Ĳǻ߲㣬ͬʱԹ̬ȼ乧
·ЩǻĳԱһĿɿڴǻΪǵׯ˻Ὣе£ڵſׯ˶֣ȴû뵽ľľ
Դˣǳ¹ׯ԰ľԳ𣿡
˻
ԭ
ׯ˵ԳѾǳԽҵĴڣܱȡһׯ԰Ϳղׯ԰ܣǾΪ¹ġ
ǲǻׯ԰ʲôǳսǶôǲǻׯ԰Ҳ⳥˾޶Դ

ǻͨԱֻ˵һЩھԵϢû뾰ֱӽӴȻûᵽԵǿ
֮ϣĮŶׯˡ
Դˣ֪ʲôԸҪȵǲǻׯ԰ׯֻһϮȫԺһᶼûڣҲŪԵʲôֻӲͷƤ˵һ䡣
ԼĬֻǿׯˡ
ׯ˱÷ëҲĶֻ
˵ǲǻׯ԰ڱ߽ǿưǿˣ˵һ䡣
ڱ߽ǿƣ
ׯᣬʱ䣬ǲǻׯ԰¹ׯ԰ĵطǴ״̬ǿǴӺζ
ǵȻɾԡ
ûע⣬ԺұݺݵΡׯЦ˵
ţׯòˣһ£ͲͣˡԵͷӰһʧׯǰ
뿪ׯ˲Ŷɳһ˶һۣĿжΡ
뿪˲ǻׯ԰ܲȥ˿ղׯ԰ܲڲǻׯ԰ܲ顣
һξԵׯ԰ܲĿľôׯ԰Ȼˣׯ԰ը̣ǾҲĳֽѵһɱһЩҲׯ԰ȻûĵھǰǶͿǫޱȣþҲǲó֣ΪûʲôɡǣҲﵽĿġ
Ժׯ԰밵Գ¹ׯ԰̾ͻ뵽Լׯ԰ϿǲһӰ


2801 عԪ
ڲǻͿղׯ԰תһȦ󣬾Իص˳¹ׯ԰
ɵһͬ˾ŷׯľ
ǡҪһͬ뿪磬ǰǻԪ򣿡ŷׯǲϣԺɵ۶뿪硣
ŷׯεߣҲ֪֮⻹иڵģֻǴδ뿪磬Ҳû뿪ԶԻԪ˽òࡣ
ׯҲӦò²⵽뾰ԲԭסҪȥġɵЦ
ɵ۵Ļŷׯ˵ͷ
ɵ˵ûҲͲµԺɵ۱Ͳ硣ھԳ֮ǰûж룬ǾԺճ֮󣬾ŷׯҲ뵽ǸĻԪ򡣶¹ׯ԰ε뾰ԳƵԡ
ׯҲõĶʱڲǻͿղʲôٶ뿪ֻ֪ׯ㣬ϢܳһʱġȵǻͿղȷ뿪磬ʱ¹ׯ԰ӦҲׯ԰ˡҲ˵
ŷׯٴεͷ
˵ֻһ𣬲֪ûټĻˡ
еģԵ
ɵҲ˵ͷ뺮øʶģø磬ٽ磬ӦҲ̫ѵ顣
һᣬԱǵǰ߰ɣ
߰ɣܹҪֱ𡣡ɵ۵
Ժɵۣ뿪¹ׯ԰ģŷׯΪ˷ֹԺɵ뿪Ϣй¶Ҳûȥ;Ժɵ۶ˡ
˳¹ׯ԰һƫƧ֮ء
ԣܲƿݣͿˡɵžԡ
ʱ򣬾ҲûоԵİգȻԼһЩţûг֮ǰ϶ûо԰յġ
ıݣ̣ҪȻҲ޷ֵԪռʴǰһƿݣ㶯һҪ죬άֲ˶ʱ䣬ǵþԪռ䡣΢е
סɵ۵
Ե΢ۣ֮ȫշһ
䣡
һգΪ޷һӳôǿʱһѺۡ
һĻɵҲЩţʶȭͷ
һХڵ񱬷
Ѻ֮ǵסͣһ˺ձһںĶڡⶴڲ󣬵Ҳ㹻Ժɵ۶ͨⶴڳȥˡ
ڳ֣ԺɵûκγɣȺɴ˳ȥԳʶһۣԼԼĶڣѸٵʧֻ㱼䣬ˡ
Ȼ֮䣬Ӧ
Ƿ·ʧȥõĸоָ̼˹֮̿ټһƬԪ
ɵϵϢٵ⣬ֻǺ䣬ǵɵ۵㳹׹
Ϊһ޷ٻصԪġԣлˡɵۿԡ
ʵҺøæ뺮øԼ磬޷عĴ㡣һʱɵ۴δǻԪ򡣲ȻʱԪ֣ɵҲ֪ԼѾûлٷˡֱԳ磬ɵ۲ϣ˵ҹɵۻ֮عԪͷǿˡ
ǰˡæ֡
ԣͲҪʲôǰˣȻҴһԪ絮ߣ㲢δʲôֱӵİһУԼȡġڣɵۣսǱҶǿܶˡڿʼͽһּɡ֮ĹϵҲЩסɵɫԾԵ
СܾԼ׸硣Թ֣ɵ۹һ
ɵֱ֣ӽ׸ԵùϵһЩ
ããɵͷϲ֮Ա
ֵܣڴڻԪռ䣬̽̽Ǵʲôλáɵת˵
ĶˣȷʵλڻԪռ䡣Ԫռ䣬Ψɵ۲ܳõ档ɵ۱ʵǿɵۣڻԪռȻû⡣ԣȻϻΣѳɵۣϵǿѰ޷ġڻԪռڣǲĴ߶ɵֵԪռʴ
ɵ۾һ㣬ɵҲвʱ䣬ȵ֮ǰҲǿ࣬ڻԪռ䣬ȻҪתֵ֮ܵռʴȻɵ˵С⡣
ɵ۶ԻԪռҲȽϤˣڻԪռɵ۷ɱսкܶΡ
ûʱ䣬ɵ۾ͨԼɵ۵ȷԼ;Ĵλá


2802 ԫ
ԪռӴѰɵ۶޷ģԪռ䣬ɵҲ̫̫δˡ
ԵɵȷԼλúҲɳһҲԼ޷ȷλáڣƬԪռ䣬ЩƧɵ۶Խĵط
ԣڵλã봨ǽһЩﵽ·;ɲءɵתĿԾ˵
ɵ۵ڻԪռ·ҲǼġɵֻҪϺķڻԪռҲܽһ̶ȵ˲ơ
Ѱ޵ߣǾҪӴǰˡ
νʱ䲻㳤Ҳˣ֪ʲôӡ׸磬ͳɣص졣˵
ȻҲϾˡ
ãԣҽһЩҴ˲ơɵ۵ͷҲ뾡ص쿴һֵ
ɵҪž˲ƣΪȻɵۣڵϻɵ֮ڻԪռ䣬ɵ֮µ涼ѣ˵Ҫ˲ˡ
׸磬ԼԿЦЦ˵
ڣԾǿ˲ƵġУɵ֮µ޵ͬǲ˲ƣǸ˲Ϊ׵׳ǣԵ˲û˲һսûкø֣׳ȡʤҲܼѡ
ŶԣԪռҪ˲ѶȿǺܴģ±컹ѡɵЩȵĿžԡ
ֻ΢΢һЦû˵Ӱһʧɵǰ
ţ
СӡȻڻԪռ˲ơɵһ£ЦЦӰҲʧԭء
ͨ˲Ƹ·ǿɱȳ۲֪˶ٱȻӴ츽켫ΪңԶԺɵҲ˰±ִ죬⻹ΪԵ˲ɵԼ༸ܴӴϵ졣
ǻˡɵۿĳУҲп꣬뿪ԪʵѾܾúܾˣȻľʱż꣬ʵ뿪ԪʱԶԶ֡
ͨڵ㣬뵽֮ڡ
ս룬˾ͬʱüͷ˵Ȼ˲Ϣ֮͸оĹ졣ĵǴһֱҵ״̬֮䣬űɱ¾Ϣ
ô£ͷһüʱ̿
죬˵Ļңﵽ׷ʲôɵ۴һŭͳ˵
ھ̽ʱɵѾ˲鿴졣ڻԪռУֻҪһЩֶһЩɵҲֱӿڲεġ
ԣǸϽȥ򿴿ɵ۲ɷ˵ֱӻӳһסԣһһ˱㵽
ģӴ׳ǣʱѾھԵǰУǵʱġ
һ۾Ϳ۵ĹĻС
ǵ۱ƫԱøʱ׳ǵġǣûбҪǲһֱģһ۱άŽǿķ״̬ҪԴġӹĻһֱֻ˵׳ǲ
ڣӼȻڷãǾ˵黹ûзչĵز׳ǣӦûھǰһȺԱ֮С
һĿѡǣһƬĵУǲԫ档ǰЩУѾˣֻһƬƬݻٵưܾ
׷ʲôһͺӿз
ȻǱø磬Ҳ֮ǿһȺ˽ǣʱԪ޷ָ˵ٴˡڣƺУ׳Ҳĳˡ
ɵҲɫ࣬ΪʱԽ뿪Ԫ֮ȷʵ˥ܣϰ׼ȫĹˣǾԴӷ쵽򡣶ڿȻǴﲻĳ̶ȡ
ԣ춼߰㣡ⱳǣܶԪռĴڡɵĿ˵
ţ׳Ӧûûг̫⡣׸磬Ƚ׳ǡԵ˵ͷ˵
˸սӽ׳ǣ㿴һȺ޵ԼӷȦ֮ڡĿһΪ׵İ޵һһǾһֽ̳Ļޡ
ֹ֣ؾ棬׳ǧ֮ڣɱۣһӳڴ


2803 Դ˹ˣ
Բٴü
ղŶɵ˵׳ǣҪɵۡɵ۵ģеǾ׳ǡ׳Ǳڶָ˵ģʵ׳Ѿˡ
ųڵˣҲΪ׳ǡȻе׽кɳǻǽ׳ǣ鷢ڵ޵߲Ӧˡ
Աø¦ʱһγģһҪĺɳΪ׳ǡ
䱸ɭϰǲκ˿ġɵھ˵
ţ뿪Ҳսɡ˵׸磬ǽȥɣҿһǳеĳҲֵµˡ
ԺɵֽӽһЩɳڵ޵Ǽ˼ӽһжȥҪֵӡ
˽ӽһҲ˾Եò
ˣǾԴˣһԵòһ㶣Ǿ
Դ˱ǺøһҲ˽֪һµȥ޵߲ٳˡԵǾԴ˺󣬵ȻǷǳԾ벻ġ
Դˣ
ǾԴˣ
Դ˹ˣԴ˹ˣ
˷ܵĻɳڴݿȻ뿪˲̵ʱ䣬Ǻɳǵ޵ǣھ뿪֮żɳǵ޵ߣҲ֪Դ˵ġʵϣ첻ֵ֪޵߶Ҳ١
һܿʹһȺӭ˳һа׺ȵҪԱ
ɵۡˣ׺ɵۺһ˫۾ҲǵɵùԲ
׺ˣҲǵɵ۵ֻǣ׺ɵԱҪǼȻˣɵҲʶ׺
һû뵽ٴμԣ׺͸û뵽Լټɵˡ
ǰ׺ɵۿŰ׺
ˡǵң׺ȦЩ졣
žͺãžͺãɵصĵͷ뿪֮ˡ
ܣ޷ס˵ҺãҺоԴ˳֡׺˵Ŀ⿴ԡ
׺ɵ۵ĶԻһ˲֪ھԴߵλڣպյɵۡˣɵٴμ
׸磬ȽаɣԿ˿Զ˵
ԶԶԣȽС춼߰㣬ڳŸ̽ӡһ˵
һ˽Уڿڼ˵Ȼ˵ģǺɳǸ߲
һϾأѯʵģϾ
صɳǺ󣬾ûмϾӰ֡Ͼ֪Լˣǲܲġ
һɫ˵ԴˣϾ뿪󣬾ȥ˻Ԫռ䡣Ժ󣬱ҲûлˡͼȰ裬
Ͼȥ˻Ԫռ䣿һ
ǻԪռ䣬Ψɵ۲ǿ߲ܳ档ɵ֮µ޵ߣҲĿֵҩʴ֮
ûһ˼˽ϾƢϾľһܹıġһҲǿϾɣ˵һҲǿƲˡ
һ뿪˶ʱ䣿תʵ
ԲȷԼʱ䣬ǷԪȥʱͬԲдһʡ
Ӵ˱øߺʱ䵹Ҳ㳤һʮʱ䡣һ˵
ڻԪ޵˵ʵȽǿ޵ߣʮʱȷʵ
Բɺһʱ䣬Զûôá˿ʱԪʱ䣬ȷʵǲͬġ
ô˵ϾȥԪռѾʮˡü
ģһͷ
һ˵˵ʲôɣһ򣬾͸оصҡڣƺһּҵľ֮УǷսҡת˵
ȻǵϾ𣬵Ͼȥ˻Ԫռ䳬ʮ꣬Ҳûá
ǣһӴ˱øߺ󲻾ãԽĻˡʱǿģκγ޷ȡ챯ںͽ̻վһģڶտʼʱȴƽ͡
ֱɵ۴˽ڳ֡죬ˡһ˵
˵ɵۼ޵ڶͨ޵֣߳ɵһͳ
ǵģһλɵ۳ֵ֡ɵۣĵߴɵۡߴɵ󣬽һϡһ˵


2804 챯ڸ
ǰݺ죬ڵһսбǱնɱˣɱݺǺøʦ֡
һսʧ޴󣬳ݺ֮ļǿ޵Ҳ˴˵ӦǱŶԣߴɵ۳ϣȻͲһˡ
ߴɵ۲֪ӺδһȺǿ޵ߣϵҪ֮ǰݺ쵣ιʱҪǿ󡣶˴ˣĹ£Ȼϣǲ֤ʵǰģ
³ΪĹ֮£˲ڵɢǿߣߴɵ۸ṩ˴Դ´ˡ
ˣҲǣСڵȳȻٴα£ˡЩȻǳսʧ޴󣬿ǵ̱Ͼڣÿܴճǿߡ
Ҫǣ¥վǱߡԭΪ¥ս㲻Ϻǿɵ¥֮ǲ¥˵Ŀ¡¥ɳǿߣ඼ǸоİģδЩһһǿᡣ
̻챯ڣ޷˵Ķṩǿ֧ԮֻǡߴɵȴǲҪֱӳˡһһ˵
ɳдĻޣսʿӣඥټϽ̻챯ڰĻɳǼɱ򣬿źɳӵķ빥ƺɳҲǳ롣
ȻԷɵֱӼսĻǺɳǿ϶ǵֵסġɵ𣬼ֱ磬ɷ֮𡣺ɳǾӷҲܵסɵ۵Ĺ
ɵֱӳ֣εסģʵ
ǲƣɺɳĿǰɵ۶Ժɳǳ֣ɳεֵأ
ߴɵûֱӹɳǣҲ¿뺮øйء֪ø˾ҵҲԺɳǳֹøˡߴɵûֱӶԺɳǳ֣ҲǺøб˺ɳǡ
ߴɵ۳ֹģ챯ڡˣ챯Ѿˡһɬ
ʲôԣҲǲɳԾ
챯ڣǿ챯˵챯ʸǳϵɵۡɵ챯ǰҲ
ߴɵ۹챯ڣ챯ѵûԵ
챯ʼնû棬챯ڵĳԱߴɵۻɱ˴룬޶ߴɵС챯ˣȴûֹǴ⣬챯˺ܴ鷳ҪȻӦòֹߴɵۡһҡҡͷ˵
ˣˣԪռ䣬ˡɵɫ˵챯Ǳû״ĻߴǼһԲͻ챯ڡߴɵ۸ôֻһԭǾȷ챯˲ֹҲҵˡ
־ҲЩʹ
һǽ̻ˣʵ
챯ڶˣ̻Ҳ׶༪ˡ
̻ᵹǻڣֻǡҲԶˡ᳤Իָˣ̻Ĵҵ߰˰ˡ
ǺɳߣҲ޷̻ṩκΰɳǵˣֻҪ뿪У⵽ɱһΡ
˴ˣһ㣬øʦɳǣҪǰѳָĳ׳ǡøʦֵ˼ǣǲĳ֣Ҳᱻɵֱӳֹ׷ԭ򣬺øʦֻ˵׳ֻܵõһЩԪռĴڳϣɳ޷õǵĳϡһ˵
ʱԻȻףΪθղɵ۽ӽеʱ򣬳ڵ˵׳ˣԭǱȸĵĳ֡
Ŀ⿴ɵۡ
ԣǿľ棬ȻҸоҾУҵȺ˽롣ɵ˵
ɵ۵ȥ磬Ǳ˱ƵġȻɵһֱû˵˵Щˣ֪һȺǿĴڣɵûֵ
׸磬֮ڲóʱͣڣ֤ɡ˵
ɵۼ޵߶ǲܳʱͣġɵ֮УҲѷӳȫս컯־Ӱ졣컯־ϣɵۼǿڻڵĵɵųġɵʱԽܵӰԽ
ڵϲɵۣڲӰ죬ɵۣսʱƾ΢ҲҪеĵųӰսͷš
ţ£ȥԪռ俴ܲҵ˴һɵ۵ͷ


2805 
ɵҪȥԪռ䣬Ҳǰѡ;ϢڳѰǰѯѯʣݵİ취
ֻǣɵǰҲ࣬Լ֪ϵЩˡ
ãҾ֮ڿȥ챯ڡԵ
˵챯ڣȷʵ̲סЩ챯ڵ޴Ǳߴɵɱˣ
ɵֶ԰׺˼䣬ʧǰ
ԴˣһƬңոմһʱ˵Ǻɳػ㰲ȫһЩǵĶԾԵ
¾ԳȥΣա
Ͼڣûɵ۶кüˡҴĿǰⳣɵۣ඼еӡߴɵۡľɵ뾰ԵĳԹ˵ɵ֮⣬гļɵҲڴѹϵõ
һ㲻õҡЦЦ
ԾڵʵѰɵ۸Ͳþ¶ԷߴɵۣԿ϶Źˡ
һͰ׺غɳǣе˹У̸ҴѶ
ڻԪϢݿɱ򵥶ˡ磬һ㶼ֻܿѶϢڣֻҪԲԪռȥһͨѶ˲ϢԴѶϢ
ǣжԵɵô죿һǵĿžԡ
жԵɵۣսһܻɱԷáˣ㲻ض˵԰˰֡
º󣬾ӰҲһʧڻڡԣڿ˲ơ
Ծ͵ִԭ챯Χڡ
û뵽ھӡڵĳУҽ֮ǰʮһˡҡͷ
֮ڣǿɿһСֻǣĳѾϡˣܶԭǳеĵطһ޵ӰҲˡ
ţ˫ü΢΢һ
ӰһٴǳһطԵУһ֧ǰСУкܶ˶Щ޵ԵüǱܣһȺ޵߿ǣв˻ϻеıӺݺݳǶ㣬Щлϴϡ
ղ񻪣Ŀһס޵ϡ
ʶղ񻪣Ϊ޴ɳսġղ񻪣챯һҪĳϣʵҲǷǳǿ۷塣ܱ޴ȥɳսģʵȽǿ۷塣
ʱղڣ۹һѪ۴ĿģԻϳ
Щס޵ߣ챯ڵԱ𣿡Ŀת
ৣ
һ̣Գ֧ǰ
ʲôˣΪ׵ģһھ޵ߣ˿Եڶǰ̾׺ݵĺȵ
ʲôˣԿʵ
ʲôˣʥŵˣСӣٹó·޵߰ڳϵıһ̬˵
ʥž֪ģһȽǿһ꾰ʱʥǱȽϵ͵ģҲûв򷢶Ĵս
ʥŵˣΪҪץ챯ڵ޵ߣ΢ʵ
޵仰Ȼһǰ޵ߣ˵仰Ǿ˵Էܿ챯ʲôϵ㲻챯ڲԱҲһ챯ڱȽ򲻿ܶ¡ڣ˭֪챯Ѿ군ˣ
СӣҲ챯ڵ챯Ѿˣӻ¶棬޵˫Ŀž
Ҳ챯ڵĳԱֻ֪ʥΪҪץ챯ڵˡҡͷ˵
ڳϲ϶ûϵˡֻҪ챯йϵˣܲˣСӣ㻹ǹԹ־ܵĺãǵֿǾ͸ɱۣ޵ЦһתҪԾԳֵӡ
ղʱֱֱĿžԡΪŰ˺ܳʱ䣬Դʱղ񻪾Щ㱡޵ߣϵͨһּıܹǵ͵
ղ񻪵ȻʶԵģЩͿžԣʵϳ˾ԣΪ˼ЩͨǷֲԼǲʵģû˵
챯ڸ޵һֵ
ߣ̱м޵ǰ׼Ҳ
ϢһһϯǼԵ޵ߣգۼǱһ߾ʬ塣


2806 ū֮
޵Ȼû뵽ʵ֮ǿҲϾڣ𾳽޵Ҳټġ
㡭㡭޵Щˡ
̧֣Դ˵ָһ㣬ָۺ谭жԷ޵߱
ûֱӶЩ˳֣ǳѯʣҪΪѯȺʲôǷȺһԼ챯йؾҪԼѾ֤Ǹˡ
޵߱Իɱµʥ޵߱ľֵӴܣԲŹǣλֱǽȺʥŵ޵ɱһɶ
ЩԱһžԣĿеЩӣ̫˷ܡ
ߵղ񻪽ǰ
ղ񻪳ϣԿѯʡ
ղ΢΢һʱĿһЩ
㡭ǾԳղ񻪵ȷʵࡣ
ңԵͷ
ţԱǽȺϵȫϡЩܹıھǰһҲͶˣԿɵۡ
Դˣ
ǾԳˣղ˵Ե֣һھ֮ǵııϲá
Դˣ㡭㲻ȥôղϵϺʵٻָϵήϢҲѸʧ
Ǹ޴ȥɳǵģ֪Աø
ȷʵȥֻˡղ񻪳ϣ챯ʲôǣ챯ڵĳԱ𣿡Ŀ⿴Ⱥոհ޵ߡ
챯ڡ챯ûˡҲˡղ
ˣǴ챯ڳԱҲٲֲڲԱղߵһ޵߶Ծ˵
Ѿ֪챯ڱߴɵۻٵˡʥŵˣΪǣü
ԵĻղ񻪵˶̾һ
ԴˣڲʥŵĴץ챯Աкܶ׷ǡԴű󣬴ųԱˣûսˣĴءܶ׷Щŵ޵ߡǱץס󣬾ͳūʥţǴ׷ǣЩץס޵ߣᱻʥūղ񻪿ɬı˵
Ų֪жٳԱūһ޵߽˵
ղ񻪳ϣ۷徳޵ߣױץסʵ
ղűɱȺʥ޵ߣʵǿҲڶѡ
ϴǱһȺΧűץסġһǳϴ˾֧ţǱץס˻ڶ༸ΪץסǳϴˣʥŸŶųһͬ֡ǱǽħסǲŰһЩ˽Ѻ͵ū֮ǡղ𾳽޵˵
ū֮ǣ̧ü
ԣū֮ǣҲǰ챯ڵĳǡ챯ڻ󣬳ǱֱӿˡΪҪūףǶгΪū֮ˡղ˵ʱԴŭ
һū֮ǣ
Ⱥ˶
Ȼū֮ǣڳӦкܶ౻ץ챯ڳԱɣһתȥνū֮ǿЩ޵߾ȳ
ǳ࣡
ץʵ챯ڳԱֻҪ챯ѺõǶڱķΧһЩɢޣǵʥЩᱻΪūץ֮ǳĻҡղ񻪵ͷ˵
ǽʲô㣿ʱûطȥ絽ɳȥɣԿ˵
ԴˣǵҲȥɳǣǸȥˡȥɳǵ·ϣ֪жʥڶ½ءںɳȻûбƣ˺ѳҲѽȥһ챯ڵ޵ҡͷ˵
ԺɵܽɳǣΪ˿˲ƣֱӾƶ˺ɳ֮⡣˲ƣһ·ϱضҪһδθɱ׷ġ
ţڴȥǣʱһͬȥǰɣԶ˶˵
ȥǣ
ԴˣӳǣڳкܶǿءȥǣͶԴʵǿ󣬵ղ񻪿˿ԣ˼ʵס
ǰһߴɵǾԴҲΣաһ޵߽ӿ˵
ǷģߣӦǱȽϰȫġߴɵǸҽ޻أңһҪȥˣĿзһĨ⡣
գղ񻪵˻Ǹžһǰū֮Ҳ챯ڵĳǡ


2807 
ղ񻪵˵Ϊָ󣬱㶼ɴ߶УԸ·ٶȺܿ죬ټϾղ񻪵˵ĵطѾ볤ǲԶʱǱǵִѾΪū֮ǵĳС
Ӱ´£óڱ֮ڷ̶ϵûнʲôֻǣڳΪҵѱū
Ե˺˳ľͽ뵽ڣгŴûСǽ޵߻ǳǵ޵ߣҪκε顣
ڽеʱ򣬾Ҳ˼Ѻͽū֮ǵū
ղ񻪸߾ԣЩū챯ڵĳԱ
Щֻץ챯ڵĳԱū֮ǾԲȹģġҲֻҪ챯ڵԱЩҪ޵ץūʵӦļ۸ȫ
Ҳղ񻪣Ҫ֮ūʲôղҲղֻ֪ÿһʱ䣬ᶯ۽ڵūߣЩū͵ʲôطղ񻪾Ͳˡ
ûʱ䣬һ˱㵽˳λá˳Ǻ󣬲ûн
⣬޵߿ءЩɱǣͨϵķΣһ۾ͿϵóЩһ˿ӭֹ
Ƕˣ۾ѯʡ
ûСҪʲôΪˣһ㶼ĺʵ
ڳǵĸ˳Ե
Ǽ΢΢һ㶣󶼿Ц
СӣΪ˭ƾ㻹ǳϽپɱΪ׵Ծɱڵĵ
룡Ե˵֡
£һǰĻֲŷ򲨶ǰȥҽ㻯Ϊ촷ۣųţԵʵϡá
ڵˣǶ˶ٵĶ
ʲô£סһģӣԷʡ
ӣɫۣǰñעɱǵݡ
ˣ˹ǳܿ
ʲôʲôˣ𣿡ɱüë˵̤˷䡣
һ۷徳޵ߣɱ֮ʵǰеġμӹ򷢶սʱĹݺ졣һδսûսУߴɵ۳ԥľͻȥˡ
ڣɵū֮ǹУֽţ

ô£
˹
ǿĴŶˣղŵ죬ƺǴű
⣬ܿǾۼһȺ޵ߡڵ޵ͬǷǳģλΪĵش޵Ǻܶġű飬ⲻܲ𾭹޵ע⡣
ۼڳŸ޵ԽԽ࣬ܶ϶һŵı飬ʵǺţ컹˸鷳
ӳڴĺɱ֤һ£ȷʵɱū֮ǵĳȷʵΪвɱū֮ǡ
һЩȽϴ޵ߣֱӷɵйۿڷ顣
ʱţѾһȺɱǵ˾Ե˵ǰ
ţԣ˫Ŀʱɵñͭ嶼ҪѰɱǲʶţʶԵġںɳ֮⣬ۿԴϹɱ˴޵ߣʮǿ۷޵߲ɱ
ɳǳսţһǡ
ڣȻٴο˾ԡ
㣬ǾԣţֱЩԼ۾
ûȻʶңԿţ
һսУڶɳսԱ̫ˣҲÿһţûʲôӡ
㡭㲻Ǳø˹ص𣿡ţ۾ʶ˵һ䡣
Ǻǣ㵹֪ͦࡣ˵ûһʱ䣬ҳˡһص죬ˡЦһ
ȻʶңǾʵһ㡣ʲôͻشʲôʵʵϣһһԵ
Ҳشκ⣡ţӲĵ
𣿡ΪʲôҪūЩ򵽵ūֶ͵
ҡ
Ҳ֪ţƺϳ˺ܴѹھԵѹ֮£ȫڷˮ͸
Щɱǣ˫ȴվЩȵӡ
˵ͻȻһͺ籩һѹţ


2808 
ţη徰ԣʱֱԵѹ壬ʶʧȥ鶯
ūħɽˣɵ۴ｨһӴḶ́Ҫܶܶţ˵仰ɫҰס
칤̣ʲộԼʡ
һḶ́޵˵Ǻܼ򵥵飬ЩסķᣬּͿɽɡҪǴǾҪʦԿƣūȻҪūʦôߴɵ۵ڽʲô
ҡĲֻ֪ɵ۴˲֪ǽľʲôţ
˵滰ȷʵ֪ħɽϽĹ̵ʲôʲôôħɽھԶĵطҲʮ³ֵģھȥ֮ǰħɽڡ
ߴһֱڣԶһʡ
ɵ۴˲һֱ֮ڣֻҪʱɵ۴˲Żή١ţʱҲǷſˣʲôͻشʲô
мɵڰߴꣿԶţ
ںɳǵʱһ˵ڳֹĲߴɵۺľɵۣ⼸ɵۡ
Ҳֻߴɵ۴ˡţҡҡͷ
˼⣬ţҲشˡ
ˣԹˣ˵ˣԹϣһټ㣬ɡԶǺɱţڰֵ
ţһһףΪֱӻܲǲ׷ŹڶԾԳ֣ʵûԼû˿Ļᣬһ־һ
Ƭ̣ţվûг֣׼һȺ뿪ǡ
ߣ˲СԿڵ
ǡţ뽫µ˶ߡ
ûʲôǣҪôһҪôԼߡԵ
ţһҧתǱ˳
޵ǵͷţôˣ
ղ񻪳ϣǶɱ˰ɣһϢԶղ񻪵
ǾԸղҪʻţղ񻪵ͶЩɱǳˣʱ˵̱ųȺɱǳ˹ȥղ񻪵ʵţҪǿһЩɱЩɱǡɱǲѴֻ֮Ƭ̹򣬳ڵɱǱǱɱˡ

ţˣ
λˡƺǺɳǳԡ
ǾԣʮǰһΣϴԳˡ
һѵߴɵ۽𣿡

Щڿе޵ߣ˳ڷ飬𾪵ĵۡϢҲܿڳڴˡ
ղ񻪳ϣȥЩĵѡҪһЩ顣ֶղ񻪵
ǣղ񻪶ԾԹ˹֣һ뿪˳ǹѺūĵطȥ
Ҳ߳ţۼڶɫ޵ߡ
ʥšڡ޻ᡢ̺ϡӥͤڣԴг֡
һ֮ԽΪڳǶа´רŸūȡԴġ
޵ˣȥ֪ͨڳǵĸˡңҪһʱڼÿһˣһʱ󲻵ǰԸԺȵ
˵֮󣬾Ծվڳȴ
ڷô飬ڳǰ´ĸˣʱӦöѾõϢԸһʱ䣬ǸǻᡣһʱǲԳǡ
ʥڳǵİ´ĸˣʥŵһҪϣҲǴﵽڣֽɡ
ھԴղ񻪵ɱûãɾ͵õϢ̱㴫Ѷ֪ܲ£䡣
ʱɣڵŽһϢӳ
գһ󼱴ٽŲ洫
ϴˣһ´Ա˽ɹ
ţôˣǾԳû뿪ǵĴ㣿ʵ
ϴˣԳʱƺû뿪ǵ˼˵ҪϴһʱȥԸ˵ͷ˵
뿪治ߴɵ۽ٳֱɱü
˵Ҫȥʲô˼һ䡣
Ҳ֪⾰Գʲôȷʵڳš˵
ţأɵ
ţѾ뿪ˡ
ţˣ˵ʵǿ𶼲֣ţܴӵɳЩ˵
ǾԷţԶûţ֡ԱѾɱˣֻţһ˱ˡ˷žʹڳ⣬֪úϸ


2809 
ڳǵĳԱУҲһţǺɱǣ˶ǻɱǡɱݡ
ȷţûһתʵ
ǵģȷţѾ뿪УǾԺ챯ڵղ񻪵˲δ׷ɱţˣɱţ¾ɱţȫûҪȷߣⲻǶһ𣿡ʥŵĳԱ˵
ţ˵еɵͷ˵°ɣ
ǣ˳˷䡣
ٴȡѶʥŵֱӴѶ
ʥŽūǷǳҪҵ񣬵Ÿ߲ū֮ǵū׷ǳأֲһʲôͻ¼ǿֱġ
ɳϣǱˣʥ
ѾѶǺɳǳԵū֮ǡ
ˣȥҪһʱڳǰˣ̺Ǽū֮ǵĸҲһҪȥԡɳϴѶ˵
ԣǳǿƵӣҲ֪ôġֲһ䡣
ԴӾԱøص֮ҲͲʲôϢˣͨ޵߶֪Ĵڡ
Եʵǿɵ۲ûƥСҲõģȻҪȥֱɱţ˵Ҳй˼ɵġʥŵ
˵ûҿ԰˳Ҳˣū֮ǣûɱţ죬ңɵ۴˶ֱӳ֣⾰ԹͷӲٴҲɵ۴˽аɣɳϵ
ŶûɱţʥƺЩ⣺˿͵뷨
ʥҲΪǺˣԲûɱţ
ǵģ˵ҪҪȥɳʵ
ȥȻҪȥɵ۲棬ûܶԸֻͨū׬һЩԴˣûҪӲӲҲһ϶ûУҪһʱȥ͵һȣʱһٹȥһʥҲ𡣡Цһ˵
ǣӢɳһƨ
жϴѶ֮ɳֹһᣬһʱˣš
ʱ򣬾վڳš
ڳǰ´ĸ˺޻ڳǰ´ĸˣѾڳǵĳϼһʱڳھǰġ
ǼԺҲǿͿĶԾԴкȵһᡣ
ƽ֣ʱӦÿ쵽˰ɣ޻ĳϣžڵƽϵ˵
ţˡƽ΢΢ͷ
ʥš̺ϻӥͤڵˣûǣӱǴ󰡣޻׻˵
ҪڳǵĸһʱڵֻǾں޻ڳǵĸ˰վҪˡ
˵ʲôƽϿ׻
ǡǲе̫ϾԳˣô޵߿ţǲ˻˵ֻţ϶˻˵ڡ޻ûǣһ仰ǱԹԵˡ׻˵
ƽüʵҲ뷨ҲЩڡ֪Ͳôżˡ
Գҵȹ֪кηԸƽϳٴοԣһ顣
Կ˿ƽϣϸһĨЦݡ
ʱƺѾˣܺãǼ˻ûҾ˵˵ҪǾڡ޻ᣬ̳ǡǴͻȥԺҲ׷챯ڵ޵ߡǰ£ұ㲻׷ˡԶ˵
ƽϺ׻ԵĻɫ˱䡣ūǴ˷ǳ棬ǲô׵ķȷʵǿ󣬿ɾѱɣһߴɵ۵˽٣⾰Ծ͵óԲ˶ߡ
Գǲװɣץ챯ɳǿûֱӵĹϵ㾰Գ챯ڹϵ׽Ϊ챯ڳͷҲӦȥ˲Ŷ԰챯ڣ˵ģ׻˿̧Ŀž׳ŵ˵
ҲǷϻǺǺܺáǲԺڣ޻ὫΪһʷһֺĵ
׻һױãŭȴֱֲӷ
ɳϺʹˣ
ʱ򣬲ԶһЩϸ
ʥŵɺӥͤڵĴˣ١ǴȺǰ
Գòˡ
ԳӥͤڵĴ񣬲֪ʲô£
ɺʹ˵˾ԽȺ󿪿ڵ


2810 ߴľ
ӥͤڵĴ񣬱Щͷӡ
ǶλˣĮ
ˣԳѾˣһʱ䵽Ǿ͵һʱ䵽Ц
˵ûԳûʲôȨǿѾǸˡӿ˵
ʥŵɳϺӥͤڵĴ϶ˣ֪ԳôΧ۵ȺУ˵
ôҲ˵ݻɣ
˵ݻʲôôʥźӥͤԾǹһЩġ
ǰ̺ϵڶûҲˡ˵ʮһս̺ҲֱӲս˵ġ̺ɳǣгԹˡ
Գɱū֮ǣţƮƮֻ˵仰ǻ治ʲôôʥŵΪ仰ͷū⡣
Ҳû취ѵɱǲɣѾҵˣɳȻ˭ɳѾ᧿Σˡ뾰Գ⼸һĳйҲ£˼ɣ
Χ۵޵ߣͷۡ
˵һڵǰǾ͵һʱ䵽ȻѾˣͲܹҲǻˣûʲô仯ǵĴĮ
仰ɺʹ˶һ
˵ˣԸôǾȥɣ˲Ϣӿ
һӡڿռڣѸޱɺղ˺ɨ˹ȥɺʹˣֵͨԵֱӹ
˸еӭĿʶ߶ֵֻǵھǰֽһ㣬ɲǵʱ䶼ûס۵ӡû谭ľ䵽˵ϡ
˷ݵʹ຿
ӡ۵ɢɺʹˣͳڵϵʬ塣
ڵƽϺ޻׻۾ɵùԲǶˣһ¡Ҳûһʱڹԣǵ³ǻɡһ
λԳǿ£˹ľɱʥźӥͤڵĳϼ
ЩΧ۵޵ߣͬǱޱȵľʡղǻ˵Բɱɺʹ񣬶תۼɺʹѾɱˡ
ˣһ
ҸղŶ˵ģǶûǰɣԿƽϺ׻ˡ
ǡǣ˶ˡ
ɣȥǵ᳤ֹͣһ׷챯ڵжһԵܲǵܲΪƽأᣬֻһΣ԰ڰֶԶ˵
Ҳû취ľ棬ݲĽ
Ȼˣ׷챯޵߷£Ҳ⼸򣬸µֻܶ࣬һǴˡģҲ塣Ǽ׷챯ڵ޵ߣô͵úúԼ᲻ᱻԳƽ
ƽϺ׻ٶ˵Сĵˡڸ뿪󣬱㴫Ѷ᳤ܲ¡
ȴӰһڱ̺ϵİ´ڡ̺ڳǰ´ĸˣһھ޵ߡȻûȥԣҲһֱע¼ĽչֻϢҪһʱ䣬ԵԵ˰´ʱ˶֪ɺʹѾˡ
Էɵ̺ϰ´լԺϿգ͸ڲÿһ޵ߡ
Ӱɱһ
ӰɱǷլԺ֮լԺڱûһˡ
һ̣˳ڵĽСйģܴ󣬲ֻūסղ񻪵ؽеԱȫɱڽڵūȻҲ˳ࡣУ챯ڵĳԱȴֻһҵӡ
Դˣղ񻪵˿ԣæ
Щȳ޵߿ԣǴ඼ʶԣʱղ񻪵˵ĳƺȻҲ֪ۿȥ޵߾ǺɳǵľԳľԳ
ͬʱԼһƬ
λض񣡡ϴ΢Ц˵
ֿղ񻪵ղ񻪳ϣ֯һ£ǷԸǰɳǣԸ⣬ԺҴһȥ
ǣղ񻪵ͷ

Ԫռ䣡
ľ֣ĵߴɵۣľɵ۴
ߴѣңľɵϴЦЦıӦߴɵۡ
ľɵۣ˾ҵ˾뾰ҲżĳԹԸոձø͵磬˾㵽ɳҪٵУøûܳɹ


2811 ׾
˾ʮǰɳһսʧҲ˾ԾҲǺ֮ǵġ
ľӦ֪ɵۻ˰ɣߴɵ۵ͳ
ɵۺ;Իص죬ߴɵ۵ȹעɵۣǵһʱ֪ˡ
ɵû󣡡ľɵ˵ʵҲ֪ɵۺ;Գ졣
ǰһûӦ¦뾰һ֮ͬǰǱ¦˵ɵʧǶʱߴɵ۵
ߴɵ۵ˣ˽Ⲣ࣬ǱϾû¦Ҳܶ˵顣
ߴ˵ʲôľɵ۵ߴֲɱɵ۰ɣֻǺɱ
ɵѾ죬˻Ԫռ䣬Ҳ֪ص
ľ֣һ£ȴҪɱɵۣɱǸԡҸղŵõϢȥԭ챯ڵĳǡԵʵڵ޵ߣûɱľ֣ҲԼŰɣߴɵ˵Ŀзź⡣
ߴֳֵĻɱǾԻ׾ٵ飿ľɵתת
Ϊʵǳ鲻ԲŲľæڣæǼ£ûиʱ;ȥɱԡߴɵ۵
ߴɵ仰˵֮ľɵ۳һᡣ
֮ٴδѶ˵¦̬Ѱζ
ľɵۣǵ¦Ȼǣʮǰݻٺɳȴ¦Գֹ¡ȥɱԣ¦᲻ٴγֹ
¦ֹ֮ľɵ۲ᵽԷǿ󣬲컯ɵ۶޿κεĴڡ
һľֲõġ¦ֹ㣬Ҳ֪¦ڸͲڣڻԪռߴɵ۴Цһ
ľɵһ˵ǺãҾһˡߴ֣οǷһ顣⾰ԼΪħɽƻҪӰ˰ɣ
Ƿһ飡ߴɵˬ˵

ܲ޴Ĺһڵ֮С
ߴɵ۵ͷ­Ӱվһ۵޵ߡ
޵ߣĹ׿׿ԭסǴһߴɵ۴쵣ġʵ׺ϵĶսʱҲĶ֡
ɵ۴ˣ׿ߴɵͷ­Ӱֳæ
ţߴɵɳƵ
Ǹԣ㲻صˡľɵۣԺԳֽɱֻҪע⣬ھԱɱ֮ҪѸƿū֮ǡħɽǱߵĹܵӰ죬ﻹҪūߴɵ۶׿˵
ǣף׿Ӧ
Գū֮ǣϢţѶ׿ģ׿ߴɵ׿ԼʵΪţǾʵ̫ʮǰںɳһս޵߶֪ɵ֮µһˡ׿Ҳһᾰԣǲ紫ôǿҲµɵ۴˵Ĵ£Բߴɵ¡
ߴɵ۹ȻûҪȥɱԣڿߴɵ۴ľɵ۳֡
ˣߺæû鲻Ҫٻңߴɵ۵˶ͷ­漴ʧڵС

죬˾լԺ
ˣһȦ̿լԺڣһӰֳ
ոս˾լԺˣľɵ˾ľɵڻԪռ䣬첻Զߴɵ۸Ѷ󲻾ãͻص˾լԺ
ľɵûֱȥɱԣҪ΢һ˵
ȴǣ컯־᲻ݲɱԵźšʮ֮ǰ컯־ӻԵ˼ǺԵġڣȻܸо컯־ԾԳ֣ǲֵġΥ컯־ⲻľɵۿԳܵġ
棡
լԺУ˾峤˺ܿӭ˳ľɵۺϵĹڵء
ɣľɵĿϣ˵
ɳǾԣص죬֪˰ɣľɵʵ
ǵ棡ҸոսӵѶ¥ǱֱӴѶң˵Դʱū֮ǣ˺ܶڵū˾峤ͷ˵
ţ쵰˾ôʧұɱľɵĿзźŭ˵
˾峤ԣһԸԳֻɱԣǿɾͼˡղ¥ѶӦԾػһ£˾峤ҲûԼٴȥΧɱԡҪԳ֣Ǿӻɣ


2812 ųϢ
ľɵ۴նɱԵͷ죬Ȼص˾լԺⶺһЩʱ䣬뿴컯־ǷڱӻԡڣûκθӦ˵ǾӦѾʧȥ컯־ıӡ
һƱҪԻɱˡ
棬ǾӦûū֮ǡ˾峤˾˫ĿŹ⡣
ū֮Ǹѵû˾ҵ̽Сٶȫȷ𣿡ľɵ۶˾һЩõʵ
˾˵ǾӦûū֮ǣɲȷ
Ĳã˾̾͸оˣæ˵棬ԭ챯ڵĵ̣󲿷ֶˡ˾Ĺϵ
˾˵ʱֹ˾ĹϵܣʮʱйСͻ˾ǰҲԭ챯ڵڷ̽ӣв˶֪ʧˡ
ľɵһ
ľɵҲ֪ʮʱ˾ϵ϶˵⻹ʮǰɳǵʱߴɵǴСйء
ˣ֪ˣľɵ̧̧˵
Ǿԣȷʵū֮ǣѾ׼뿪ˡҪҲزɳǣľɵ۾˵
ɵֻۣҪ룬ܸ졣̽ū֮ǵԾԺЩȳ޵һ
ھ¥ϵǷųϢ˵Ҽɱԣľɵ۶˾Ը
ųϢ
棬ǻþС׼˾Ȼľɵۡ
һС׼
ߣųϢҪ˶֪¡⣬˾ҵָкܴĺôľɵ˵
¥ųϢȻҲܵõϢ϶׼ǣľɵ۸Ͳںû׼Ҫһֻϣںֻϻ᲻ǰ׼
ԴӺɳһս˾ҵ½úһսУԸ˾Ҵ˼ʧԱϻϣ˾Ҷܵ˳صĴ޴ʧ˾ûȫָλɱԵж˾Ĵûᡣ
棬ˣ¥ԪϵǰæųϢֻҪɱǸľԣ˭ڱ˾ң˾ʱȻ˵

¥ͨԼľɵҪɱϢų𶯡
¥ųϢʱ򣬾ѾǴղ񻪺ʹȵ޵뿪˳ǣ׼ǰĺɳǡ
ȳ޵ߣžǰɳǣڶࡣ
֧󲿶ӣƺƵĳǰǳۡоԴӣЩ޵߻ҲҸʲôǣȷʵкܶԶԶĸ֧顣
Щƨ棬ҲȥᣬԸžǸźˡ
¥ųľɵҪɱϢЩȻ֪ģȻһȻɢ
᳤̻ڵõһϢ̱֮ǴѶɳǵĳһ̻ڱѹƵúΪ˰ȫ̻߲㶼ֱ̻ԱͻԾȣ󲿷ֵͲҵ̻ᶼˡ
᳤֪ҲǷǳ˵ģʮ̻Ӻѹ᳤ȻȻľϣԹܹ̻һѣ̻ոʧءֻϲõûܳã̻͵õ˹ľɵҪԾֵϢ
ûκγɣ̾ʹѶһ¸һ
ɳǱߣڵϢǱȽϱģڣɳǲһ³ˣǱĳСɳǷ̽ӣѴԵõϢ϶ҪһЩ᳤Ѷ֪µʱһû˵Ϣ
һæôѶԴѶ
һʲôˣԼһԼѶ̾ʵ
Դˣûʲô¡ľɵƺǽˡľɵۣҪ㲻һٵĶԾԴѶ
Ŷԭľɵ۰Ŀ
ڳǵʱ򣬾Ծ͸Ӧһʱڣһū֮ǡжϳɵ۵Բ֪λɵۡһ˵ϢȻǸǳǵ˾ҵ˾
ԴˣҪСİľɵۣʱҵ㡣һǳǡ
ţ֪ˡҲûһ̫࣬ΪûǸҪ
ľɵۣʲôأɵۣҳ֣һ˲ƾܳˣڣȴһֱû˼⡣


2813 
ڵϣԱϾδﵽɵۼȻɵ죬ںܶ෽ȵɵȷʵвġ
ͱʱľɵܹλãȴľɵ۵ġһԪվǵԪͣԪ͡˵ԣǺø¦ҲͬⷽǱȵɵҪԿġ
Ǻǡ
ˣӦİɣǾҲܴӵһһ㶼һɱԳô˻˾ҵĿо֡
Դˣʲôˣղ񻪼ԷŴѶ֮˼̲סʵ
ûʲôǼǰﵽɳǣһʱͿɵִҡҡͷ
Щȳ޵һͬ·ٶϿ϶öˣֻж˲ơڵ磬޵ߵķٶҪ߷ٶȿöˡ
ԴŶΧʱ֧ĺŵ޵ԽԽˣв޵ߡ
ʥšڡ̺ϵȵһҲгԱ׹ںšдΪ֪ľɵҪԾԳֶר׷ЩͷǶ۷޵ߣٶȵȻѰ޵߿öࡣ
ʥܲһƻֺ꽨ڡ
һЦڳģʥ೤ϼ
ڳǻɱɳϣŸ߲ﶼǺ֪ܿ£Ǹո֪µʱһŭޱȣһλʢŭ֮ҪҾԱ뷨Ȼˣǲܵõͨġ
ʥȻһ۷ε޵Ҳȼˣƾȥɱǲǳ˵
ֱĶؿڵܿͱϢɢˣǵ֪˾ľɵҪԳɱʱǶ˷ޱȡ
ľɵ۴˳֣ǾôQһЦ˵
ȷʵʥţǰɳûʲôԹʮǰںɳĴսʥҲûвȥǴӣȴһɱʥŵĳϣߣίʵǸҶ˵
Ҷ֮ǰΪ𲻻ɱɳϵģԽɳϼ棬ӦҲǾһ£ȻͨɳתʥŲҪ׷챯ڵ޵ߡȴû뵽ֱӾɱɳϡ
ľɵ۽ɱ֮ǻüץū⼸꣬ʥſͨū׬ȡ˺Դһϵ
ȻһλҪץūǻøһЩɱɳϣ˿ɲܾôˣʱǵɳҪԷ⳥ɳǵĵҩǿǱȰڵĵҩҪõġ
ɳǵĵҩȷʵãǺɳȻֻʣһ³ǣǵȻǳǿ󰡡ǻ޾źսʿţǳǿᡣҪ⳥ǲǰһҡҡͷ
Ǻǣɳǲ⳥ڵֻҪһǱ̺ϡӥͤڵȵضҲŹλᡣֻʥſ϶вɳǣǴһЧɾͲһˡҶЦһ˵
˵ǣ
˵ЩҲ֣ǾԻµĻᣬһ˺ɳǡǵ׼ЩҪԺɳǶ֣Ҳ˺÷һǣһܵı˵
ͬʱڱ̺ϡӥͤڣǾڡ޻ȵ֮ڣƵ顣뾰˻ʵ̫ˡԲЩūǵ̫̫ˡڣūǿǷƵĽݾ
ھԴŶһҺɫִۣ֮⡣
ϣеıǣȻеۡе᳤ܻ֮ϡз֪ľɵҪԾԳֺ󣬻᳤̵һ׷еȻܹ׷ٵ֧鶯ġ
ԵԵ˸սеҲִǰʱ
᳤ˣǾԵѾ򣡡һ϶᳤ܻ˵
ţĿ̫Ҳȷľɵʲôʱ֡ԡǾ·ۣȻнңҪۿСɱл᳤Խ˵
ǣ
ϣԽ᳤и߲Ա׷׷Խ᳤ȴһȺгϼ򣬼žĶ׷ȥ


2814 ľɵ
ӾԴղ񻪵޵߽׹ŵβǺƺƵˡ
֪ľɵ۴˽ҪԳնɱԳǱ˷ӿǵƺʲô޷赲
ԴŵĶ飬ַ˽һµʱ䡣ڽ֮һʱԻһνɱһȺɢʱɵĶ飬һȺֻǲʶҲû˵飬֮ԵĶ飬Ȼ󱻾Է֮˸ɾ
λǰǺɳˣ
λãɳѾԶɳǹģ㹻֧ɳǺ󣬸Ͳ͹ʲôǽɳǣһˮ޷Ҫ֪ɳڵȥʱ򣬾Ѿ޵߳סľްԳУ޵һС
ҶӿٶȣɳǺǾͰȫˡɳǣе۱ػĳءղҲعųĶ
ҵһȫĳǺѵˣɳȻҲһ³ǣ˵ǱȽϰȫġֻҪɵ۲ֱӶԺɳ֣ǺɳǱ㼸ܱơ
Ժղ񻪵Ļ޵Ƕ˷Ǳȳ֮ǰѾūˣΪˣǲŸ֪ɵĿɹ
飬ǰС
ڵнٶȣԼʱң˱ɵִɳǡ
Ȼʱ򡭡
ţ˫ĿһеͻȻͣ
ֹͣǰղ񻪵޵ȻҲֹ
Դˣôˣղ񻪿˿ԣ֪ΪͻȻֹͣУҲеҪִɳǡ
ˣǸһĨЦ˵
ˣ˭ˣղãȻĿܣûзʲô쳣ҲǶβԽԽˣ֮⣬ƺûʲô׵ӡ
ϲĻӦ˾˾Ҳľɵ۱ˣԶղ˵
ʲôղ񻪶ʱһ
ɵ۴ˣңɵۻ뾰ԳɳгԹľɵۡһ֮ղ񻪵ɫʱòҰס
ˣһǿƥĵ򲨶һƬء
УһӰֱ֣ܿȻ˲˲Ϣ֮䣬ͽӽһ֧顣
ǡľɵۣղĺһҲľɵۡ
ڶУһ޵Ҳľɵۡʮ֮ǰܶûľɵۣʮʱľɵҲǷǳԾԳֹΣԼ޵ȻȻľͶˡ
ľɵôͻȻղ񻪵Ȼǲ뿴뾰гɵ۳ġ
ɵ۲ûܹ뾰Դ˿⣬ڣɵۺȻͽˣ
ҵģҲĿתĶľɵۡ
ľɵıȽСȥЩɰͰ͵ģϵֲֿ۷ε޵߶ĵ
Сľɵۿ󣬶žԱһȡ
ֻǶźߣ
Сû뵽СȻûľɵ۵˫У͸ŨŨɱ⡣
ľɵۣ
ľɵĳˣ
ǰľɵۣɱԳġԳ쵽ɳˣһΪľɵ۲ˡ
ľɵԳôӦԣɵﾰԳ𣿡
ûʲôܡ
ǸھԶģ޵ߣҲľɵۡǶͣԶԶĿšоˣʵһֱžԶ飬ڵһ̣ľɵͻȻٽɱԳ
Ҫ֪ԳҲڵĴвˣʵʮ֮ǰɳ֮һսۼԳһ֮սʮͷľ޳档ɵ۲뾰ԳƥСɵԳ֣Ƕ֪Գɵмֶá
ȻкܶܶˣҲ뿴ԳľɵۻɱΪԳˣֿԼūȡ޴ıˡ
᳤ˣľɵ۳ˡǺǣľɵ۹ȻƣˣеһϣԽԽ᳤Ц˵
ְɣСôľɵŪˡҲ׼һ£ȾԱɱ֮ǾͼǰɳһˡǵǹƺɳǣҲܵõһЩôɣԽ᳤۾
ף
˾ƺҲˣԽ᳤Զˡ
ո£һӴ۳ˣϣ˾ҵı־
ҲǣĺûᣬҪˣ˾ҲǴ˰Խ᳤˵


2815 
ڽԽ᳤˵ʱ˾ҵ峤˾ǴһȺԱɳۡ
Խ᳤ҲǳģҲǼɵԣĽе֮ͣ⡣˾ңֱǽʻҲмľɵڣ˾ﻹ¾ԣ

˾ľɵۣں˵ڶ仰Ųһ䡣
ǾԵһμľɵۣ
Եľɵۺһͣ⾰ԣôľɵ˵̬ľɵ۱ܡ£˵ɵ֮µ޵ǰˣɵǰҲӵ̬һ䡮˾
Ӧˣ
ڽ֮ǰ˵Ҫҳ֣
ղ˵ҾûǺǣƥûôأƥҿ϶þãЦһ
㡭ľɵ۵ӣ۾ƺҪӡ
ڳ޵ߣһĿࣿǣԶľɵ˵Ļסˣ֮Уʶ㲩޵ߣҲɵǰֳ̬ȡ
λԳȻľɵƥ⡭Ƕô
ղ񻪵ˣ϶麹ڶ֮УѾ˳ˣˡЩˣȻе˶Ҳ˶ԸžһԳ˼ŭľɵۣľɵʢŭ֮£һƽȫҲǺпܵģ
СҪľɵ۱ˡ
䣡΢΢һŵı仯һɫС
ɫһֲ֣֮ܲ̿΢΢ֻǿһۣ
Ȼľɵ۵ĵ۱
ȣ
۱ȣľɵ۴˵ĵ۱
ʶľɵ۵ĵ۱۱֣ǽȣ
ľɵ۴ˣǱŭˡҪȻҲó۱ɵ۴˻ɱɵ֮µ޵ߣҪõ۱޵߷˵
ʱľԣҲľɵ۵ĵ۱ȣһε۱ҲǾԵνĹ۲۱һΣȻӡڶΣһιݺù̫ìߴɵ۵ĵ۱ȣǵΡ
۱ܣȷʵ׺ޱȡ
һ۱ɵǼҪģʧȥ۱ɵ۵ʵҲСۿۡ
ĬĬȡԼ׽
岨һ岨
岨Ǹ߼Ѱ޵ɱ޴󣬾۷޵Ǳ岨ֱӻУҲܴܵʧ
岨ݺݵײľɵ۵ϡȻľɵֻüĻɵ۲ε޵˵ûʲôвġɵ۵壬ټɵ۵ļͣЧȷʵ޼
ľɵûκ׼͵Ϯ岨Ҳֻ΢Ӱһľɵۣܶɱˣ
ССҲǰ԰ڣľɵһЦСӰ漴΢΢һ
ֱֻۣǹ΢΢һһɳɫѸۣһ̱žԳ˹ȥ
Żб׽ٻһ£ɫ׹⣬鲼ȫŵ׹⣬ųɫ˹ȥ
ۣŻ̺һɫ׹⣬̼˽һӡ
ڵϣŻǾǿĵ幥ֶˡǿĵ幥ֶΣľɵһй̼¶Եơ
µɫ׹⣬ҲڶݵĴϢ󣬳׵ɢ
һĻεҡҡͷ
ɵ۾ɵۣϵȷʵܹġңΪӽɵ۵ҲԵסɵһаת
ʱ򣬳ɫŻ֮˾Եϡɫ׹⣬ͬѸٱԵӰǵ˳ȥ
ʵϣľɵ۵һйֹ֮ǰľɵ۱Լŭڷŭ֮£һ̺ĹǷǳǳֲģ㲻ľɵǿֶΣҲǱȽϽӽˡǵɵۣľɵʢŭһҲСӦԡ
һжס𣿡
Ȼɵۣվɷ֮𡣷ˣܵסɵһأ
ԭΪԳܶ൲סľɵ۵ĹڿǻǸ߹˾Գľɵ۽һǽԳɨˡ
Զ޵ߣ׷ҡͷһʧɫ
СҲ޴ŭľɵ۴ˣǻܶһᣡԽ᳤Цһ˵


2816 Ȼ
⼤ŭɵۣɵϣǲԼò
һһ㶼ǱɣСҲһ㣬̬һ㡣еһЦ
ô޴ʧôǱһŭӡ
ԶΧ۵޵ǣҲ಻סе궯ˣץһū׬һˣ
䣡˾ҵˣһƬ
ʱ̣ǵȻҪûݺݵˢһˢڸУȫˣܿ˾ҵǿ˾ңǿɵ۴ڵңĳ֮һ
ղ񻪵˵ɫҰˣĿǰľƿԲǵĹˡԳľɵۻɱǸô죿
Զ޵ߣףľɵ۲ֱӶǳ֣Ҳûп
һСҲڱǰľɵһϵ쳹֮䡣
£˳˹ȡ
Ȼոȵʱɫȴ䡣Ϊ֮УȻַ˾ԵϢϢ΢Ծ˵ٶ
ôܣľɵ۴һӡ
ղһ˰˳ϵսһӦûκɵ֮µ޵ֵܹסŶԡЩɵ۲εĴڣҲ֮ܵ
ɴʱȻָӦ˾ԵϢ
ȣ
һԵӰٶȳڴҵ֮ڡ
ľ϶𣿿Ҳ˰ԵŴ
еһȫʧУһӼžе޵ߣ˫Ŀľɵ۷ɹȥľԳһʱ䣬ܶ޵߶ӦģǾԳƺ˵ӣϵЩңǾòȫˡ
û
ԳȻûţ
ôľɵŭ֮µһҲֵܵԳѵҲﵽɵ۲ˣԣԲɵ۲ΡͷųĵϢ𼶡
죡̫ˣȫ벻ףôľɵһ»ܻŵġĵ۱ӣɻںɳء
޵ǣͷеĽԽ᳤ˣӶҪɳӣٴֳӰʱǶʶס˺
ԱøûȻķ졣ڱľɵֹȻҪɱԣ
Խ᳤һȺˣһʱ治֪Լ˵һЩʲô
е˻һЩıעҪһЩΪεģľɵ۱֮⣬˾ҵˡǻ䣬תۼǵͱˡ
㡭ôģľɵЩסˡ
ڳ֮ǰľɵ۴δԼֻɱԡ򵥵˵ǰʶУԲǱȽǿˡУǱġʱоЩûˡ
ô𣿡ЦЦĿľɵۡ
еı׽ڿռڻ˻Σ˱׽ȡ֮ģõؽɱǻؽҪһЩøˣʹõؽƵ
ƥ򣬸ղѾһڣֵˣһӰ΢΢ζѸľɵ۳ɱ˹ȥ
ľɵŭȡ
ȻЩʱ׵ȴǱһ޵ˣԺľɵûƤ¶ˡ˵ʱľɵȻЩȴҲûж룬ʱԼоԵ뷨
䣡ٴγľɵ۵Уɫǿң·γһƬɫĺ
ɫĹΣžȫǹȥЩɫӴ֮ľɵۺȻ֣ԼĹȻֻǼһЩǰٶȡֲ̺ܵĵûжԾԲʲô˺
һɹĸоӿͷָоʶʮǰԺøʱ򣬾йĸо
ܣԲܣľɵд
øɵۡѵ⾰ԣҲǴﵽɵ۲Σôܣܣ
ڻԪֻкøһˡøҲһЩӣЩ֮Уûκһﵽɵ۲ΡʵǿģҲǺøʦְˡ
ԣôĪľͱɵۣľɵۣίʵ޷ţҲܽܡ
ֱԽӽһľ룬ؽݺնɱʱȻȫ


2817 ׷
һؼ汸ĵ۱ףҲǲ
ľɵùȷʱΧĳɫγ޷϶ĹĻʵʵıͬʱľɵҲԼ͵߶ޡ
ȻǲԸžɵۣڵɲš
꣡
ؽķâնڳɫĻ֮ϡ
ʵԼҲ̫ԼһȡöЧϾԴδɵ۲εĴ潻ֹ
ؽâɫĻӴĿԿǳɫĻȥĻ֮ڵľɵۣȫоױȵѹʱѾȫȷɵˡȻϣܻ纮øôǿ뺮øȣѾûʵĲˡ
ľɵ˻
Ǻˣ
ԼɱԣŪ֪£Ҳŭߴɵۣߴɵ۴ѶҲʱɱԡ
ۣɫĻǵסؽϬ棬˺ѳһ϶ľɵӰҲ¶˳
ֲһ̱ǽľɵۻ˳ȥ
ľɵɫɷף³ѪϢҲή
ʮ֮ǰҲøɹʱøûҪɱ˼ֻǵֹǺɳǡ죬Կû飬һȥľɵ۱ˡ
ߣǴﵽɵۼļͳ̶ҲǱȽġǷֶαƺֱӳ˺ɵۼǿߣҲǺɱ
˵ɵۣǷǳ˵ɵ۵ġΪˣոϴﵽɵۼľԣɵشľɵۡ
ˣ漴Ǹȥ
ԵȻлɱľɵ۵˼˾ĳСԵˣȻɱһһ
ľɵסκĺһӵĿٴγľԡľɵۣѾʧȥ˼뾰Զսͷڵ뷨ֻβѡ
벻벻ԣȻѾɵۣ죬Ǳʧˣϸˮưɣľɵٺܿ죬˵仰ҪĿΪؼӣܸɵƺһЩ
˵仰֮ӰһȥУеĹһӣϱǱ˺ѳһӣûСλľɵۣ׵ռȥˡ
ӣ̾׷ȥһ϶ʱ򣬷϶Ѿ
ؽҲһڿռ˺һӣͬûСת˲䣬˱㶼ʧ˵֮ڡ
ɵۣ
ԳȻѾɵۣղ񻪿˿ߵڶ޵ߣе˵
ɵۣǲ뺮øһĲ𣿡
˵øЩɵ۴˶Ķ֣ԭǣɵۡԴɵۣǲҲɻЩɵ𣿡
𰸲Ǻ𣿾Դˣֻһشľɵ۰ǿ£û߸ϵɵ۴˱˹ء
ûɵ۱ˣɵ۳ֵľûأ
ԴӳǽȳȺ޵ߣָ˹˷ܵš
ղ񻪵ˣܶҪʳѰˡ˾ңеĽԽ᳤ˡ
᳤ǻǸϽ߰ɣȾԻǡһеĳϿ˿Խ᳤˵
ɵ۶ˣʲô뾰ԶԿȾȥܶܲˣǰ뾰кĳԹھԻŹУ
߰ɣԽ᳤ɫ˵֣˿һ˾ˣҲûȥк˼ˡ
Խ᳤Ҳ룬ЩܻܲɽҪɱܲô죿ܲЩֶΣ϶ǵסԼġȻЩҲûãֻһһ
еˣĵˡ
峤᲻Σգ˾һ˾ʵ
˾ȻǴ򲻹ԵģԲŽԪռ䣬Ҳ׷ȥǣҲ֪˾ܲܰѾԵ׷
˾Ĭ
˾е̫ˣ뿿λ˾ȴ鷢չȫеǸӡԼɵ棬ɱɥ֮ȮԺ˾ҵ޵ߣ̧ͷ
峤Ҳ뿪ɣǾԣƬ̺ͻغ󣬿ǵۡһλ峤Щη˵
ܵһʱܵһ𣿾ԣֲҲ˾Ҵլ˾Щ
˵˻صϡ


2818 
˾˾һ˵Ȼصϣ̱㷢׼˾ҵĴլ
һ˵ȣ硣
˾ܹ򳬼֮У˵ڶ࣬ǿ޵Ҳ٣û˾֧ţֻƾһǲȻԻͳɾ͵ġȴ涼ǾɱֻԺ˾Ҹô죿
˾˼ġ
˾ҵ˺е˶ˣ޵߿Ա뿪µ
ǵȻˣǱΪԳ϶ᱻľɵۻɱԲŸҿҪ֪ľɵ۲ǾԳǿ϶ġЦ˵
ˣľɵ˵Գɵۣʲô˼ɻ
޵ߣɵǱȽİġϾǵԪͣ
ɵۣǾǺøø¦ɵۡһ۷ε޵߽͵
ɾˡһǺɳǲɺˣоԳڣ˭ܹƺɳǣ
ԳǾҪʼɨˡ
ǲҲ뿪ˣʡþԳĿģ˳ֽǸɱˣԩ޵߿˿ܣһ
ԣ߰ɣ
޵ߣҲʼȥ
񻪳ϣô죿ȥɳ𣿡ڳǱȳ޵ߣղʵ
žǣԴӦúܿͻˡղ񻪶˶ٵڵλãɳȻѾԶղ񻪻ǾõȾԴ˻ԴǽɳǱȽϺá
ղ˵˶˵ͷ
Ԫռڣ
ಣľɵܣһ֣ڻԪмٵķС
ģ
ɶ񣬾Ȼ׷˳ľɵ۸оʶһͿһԼжʱһҡ
뾡ҵƣþָСľɵתȷʵᡣ
ľƥܣں󷽴ңԶľ룬ɵ۵ĶС
ˣľɵӰ΢΢һŵ仯ʹ˲ˡ
׷ľɵ۵ϢҲʩչ˲׷𡣼˲֮󣬾ԸӦԼľɵԽԽԶˡ
ûа취ڻԪռ˲ƣɵȷʵкܴơԾԵʱɵƴ˲
ߣܵÿ죡ͣ˼׷ϡ
ʵлɱľɵ۵ģֻΪǰûɵ潻ֹھǷȱټϣľɵ۽֮ǰԶԼսûһĸŵľɵ۵õߵĻᡣ
һľɵۣǾԾбȽϴİûߵĻˡ
֮󣬾»ص֮Уղ»ǰ
Щˣܵÿ죡Կ˿ܣԭ޵ߣʱûʣ¶ˡ
ղ񻪳ϣ֮ǰҿк˾ҵˣ˰ɣղ񻪡
ǵľԴˣ׷ľɵ۽Ԫռ˾ҺеԱˡղ񻪼ĵͷ
΢΢һ̿
գʱ䣬Ծҵ˾ҵۡУ۵Ŀ϶ǺܴģԶҪϸӦͷٷӴܵۡ
ղ񻪳ϣһᡣԶղ񻪶һ仰Ӱһʧǰ
һ̣Ա׷Ѿе֮˾ۣۡڼ֮С
˵Ե۵Ͽգؽһն¡
䣡
ǣǣ
۽õĲǷǳ̵ģΪܹʱڻԪռУÿһ۶Ƕӡǿһն£۱󷨶ʱһƶͼסԵǣ۵ķȻǳǿҲܵסԵ
ۣӦ˺ܳһξ룬ĴҲ˺ѳһ϶
ʵϣȫ֣һܽնˡ֣֮Ϊۡɳڣֻһۿãۻʮ֮ǰжġǽ˾Ҳ£ǺɳǱۿˡ
ڣʱһƬҡ˾ɫ䣬ȻڷڲȴҲܿ淢ʲô顣ǿԳֺһ鶼÷ǳ
峤Ǿӣ׷ˡ
峤ô죿
Ⱥ˾ҵĸ߲Աû⡣Ƕһ㣬۵ķǵסԵġ
ȥڵ㣬Ԫռ䣡˾ϣĿǰֻнԪռ䣬һ
ȥԪռ䣿Σʱ򣬾Ե˾˶С


2819 ɢ
˾תĿһѾڲ
Գʲô˾ͺ
ʲô
ʮǰɳǴδսȺ˶ˡ죬ܲˣ΢΢ҡͷ˵
ң˾ʱ򣬻вԣͷʵʶģ˾δ¹κˡ
һ̳Ȼɱ˾峤˾
΢΢󣬶Ӵܣӳۡ
Ҳֻż˾ҵҪԱһɱЩǺҪĳԱûпնɱԣϵв˳ȥ
˾ҵһ󣬾뿪ֻԿ̵ĴһˣڲõġȻصɳǣʻȥɡ
ٴνղ񻪵ǰԽȺ˴˺ɳǡ
ľɵ۽ٽɱԿʼΪֹûеʱ䡣һУڶ̶̵ʱڷˡݵʱ飬ǻԪռĴڣ˲ͷ
ڣʥšڵȵһʵˡЩ䣬ѾǴ߲Աڸģ·Ͼ͵õϢǷ׷ͣսľβ۷Լܲ
ǵõϢöûӦ
ľɵۣȻɱӴܵ˻Ԫռ䣬һϢǵʵ̫̫ˡɵ۴˶ǾԶ֣ʲôԿԳ
ԣʵʵĵŰɣ׷ū˰ɣʱˣ
̻ܲ
᳤᳤ˣһϴҴ᳤ǰ
᳤һֱڵϢ֪ľɵ׼ԾԳֿʼ˼ûзŵ𴦡ܵģԳ᳤ɱϢɵ۴˳ְԳ
ϵ᳤ع
˿ʵϢˣ
᳤ЩҪ˵Ļֲò
ڵľƣ̻Ҳֲ˶ˡ̻Ĵ󲿷ҵⶼʧȥˣص״̬
ţոմϢ
ľɵˣ᳤ԽԽ
ˣھԲ챯ղ񻪳ϵ˼ִɳǵʱľɵ۳ˡϵͷ˵Щ˷ܡ
᳤ʱûע⵽ǰĳϲǾֶ˷ܡ
᳤վ̾һ
᳤ˣԳ̫ǿˡɱľɵƨϼ᳤ı飬᳤֪˿϶ˣæ˵һ䡣
ľɵǲҪԳֶԸһ𡣡᳤ʶ
ţ
˵ʲô᳤ǷӦԼµĳƺ˵Բľɵնɱ˵Գ̸ľɵɱƨ
᳤ˣУԳľɵ۽֣ľɵ۸ͲǾԳ֡ľɵۣòӵԪռڶܡ᳤ˣǽ̻оˡ˵
᳤ӿѪɫ۾ɴ
ôܣô£ԲѵѾΪɵ𣿡᳤㵵
ľɵ˵ԳѾɵۣøɵ۴ˡ˿˵
ɵۣ
᳤Ц
꣬˲һɨա
ã̫ˣҽ̻ᣬûаװ֧ŵڡȥ׼ֻʧȥĶ᳤ƺָԭеķɡ
ڸڽ̻Ͽյɢˣ

ܲ
ι׿ڵõϢ˶µġ
عֻһٴٻߴɵۡȻǰһٻߴɵ۵ʱߴɵ۾˵ԼҪæ׿Ҫٽٻڣٻߴɵ¿϶ǲеġ
׿ܵģħɽǱߣԳܿͻһԳħɽħɽܵסԳ
ڵУӰͷ­ֺ󣬱ǰŷŭ׿ʵô£Ҳ㲻Ҫң
ߴɵ۵׿ȫһæڵء
ɵ۴ˣˣʵûа취ò׿ΡΡĵͷ˵
ʲô£ֳʲôˣߴɵ۲ͷʵ
Ǻɳǵľԣµ⾰Իħɽƻ׿˵
ǰ׿ԼȥһᾰԣǲôڣԼûȥľɵ۶ɱǱӣ׿ȥҾԣܻлϣ
ԣôˣѵľûɱСߴɵ۵ͳ


2820 ϵĽ
ߴɵ׿˵ԵĴڻвħɽİȫʶΪľɵδԾԶ֡
ߴɵ˵׿ɫøˡ
ˣʵľɵѾֽɱˡֻǡЩ˳Ԥϣ׿Լô˵¡
ľϼһѾˣѵгʲôˣ˳ְﾰԲɣߴɵ۵
ˣľɵ۸ͲǾԶְľɵںɳ½ؾԣû˵仰Ͷˡľɵۣ͵סԵĹľɵһնˣȻӵԪռȥˡ׿һĿɬ顣
ʲô
ôܣߴɵȻǴûľɵۻɱԣ仰ߴɵӰͷ­ü侪
ľɵ˵Ѿɵۣ׿˵
ʲôߴɵٴ˵ˡʲô֣
ϢίʵЩˡԣɵۣ
ڻԪУ֮ǰֻǺø¦ɵۣ¦ǿҲǹϵģڣҲɵۣ
ľûɣߴɵ۲⾰ôͻȻɵ۵ġ
ڵ϶ûнɵ۲ΣȴﵽɵۼһԪͣǵԪͰ
ӦòҪȻľɵôսأˣǸô죿Գɵۣ͵ס׿Ρ
ʵﻹһ仰û˵ǿ¼ɵ۴㣬Ҳס԰
ߴɵ۵Ӱͷ­á
˵֪ˣһ취ģ׿ֻҪȡʱ䡣
ǣ¶߾ȫ׿æӦ

Դղ񻪵˻صɳǣ׺æЩȳ޵ߡЩ޵ߵľ綼ͣﵽ֮޵߶кüǽɳǣҲ˺ɳǵ
ûںɳ̫ͣãڶɳǰħɽ鱨û⣬ħɽӦдūڵġԴ㣬ħɽƽеūȳȻٽЩԼеһ飬ǳһڵľ˵û̫
ԵִλܲԶħɽʱι׿ѾžˡԸħɽ⣬׿ͳھǰ
Գ׿׿ԾԹ˹֣̬Ϊ
а׿ҲԼԳһľɵ۶ԴǱӴܣһôܳܵ˾ԳĹ
׿΢΢ƺҪֵļ
Գ˵仰׿ҲʶҪ֣æ
˵ʲôʵҪɱ׿Ƿ֮飬Է˵ʲôҲûʲôӰ졣
Գߴɵת㣬֪Ͼ䣬һȡ׿˵
˵ʲôһ
ߴɵʲô˼
ѵϾߴɵ֮ˣҪȻߴɵΪҪ׿ĻԼ
ȻҲпߴɵ۹ϾвԣֻǾҲȷֿܵһֿԸһЩ
Գ벻ҪŭֻǴСѡԳҲżߴɵ۴˵ܿͻԳص֤ݣ׿С˵
Զ׿û˵Եȴ޷ƽϾߴɵ֣֮ڲħɽǻߴɵ߳ŭӶϾ

ľѣʲôߴɵ׿ϵ󣬱ǴѶľɵۣѯϸ
ߣߴĪȡЦϷ𣿡ľɵʱɫҰףƲᣬɵǿߣҪָҲô׵ģҪ϶ʱ;
ôȡЦľѣǺǣֻǣǾôôǿߴɵ۸Цһ˵
Ҳ޷⣬ʵˡǾСѾɵۡߴǾӵʵԽҾˡľɵû˵ˣһ£
ľɵжߴɵ۵ĴѶҪˡľɵۣҲһĺ£νԸԣʵǲͽˡԶӳһԺȻڲϵš
ߴɵľɵ۴ѶǻžɵˡҪٽҾԣܳʱ䣬ҲûĵˡľɵϼһǻʵɵۼǿߣʵҲߴ̫ࡣ
ֻܿĴ˰æˣߴɵ۰˼


2821 
ߴɵ۴߶򣬴ѶԪռɵۡ
ߴɵ۽ԳΪɵһ£ɵۡ
¦һ߶ˣҲû뵽¦ܹɹɵĵ˵
ԳΪɵۣƺûλɵжôĲ
Ĵˣ˼ǡ¦Ȼǹ⽫ǾԷŵģߴɵ۵
Ȼ֮ǰѾ¦ˣȷ¦Ϊ˰ﾰԡ
ûʵӦý硣һԪͱ֮¦ðռ˲ֻԪƬڻԪƬĻϴ硣¦͵磬ΪһֻҲû뵽ܹΪɵۡ
ɵսϣȵɵ۸Ϊǿ󡣼ǸոսɵۣʵҲѰɵܹȵġԣȷʵɵۻ˵
Ĵˣڸô죿죬ܵˡħɽǱߣǴƿĹؼǱƻ֮ǰĹ׼ɶ׷ˡߴɵЩĵ
Ѿ׼⾰Ȼ츳ھԪҲ㡣㣬顣ǸϾŮӣںˡҸһηӰǾԹۿ룬й˼ɵġɵ˵
ɵ۶ôڻԪռߴɵ۴һηӰϾӰϾݵӡ

ħɽ֮⣬׿վھԶ档
Ѿһʱ䣬һšߴɵһֱó֤ݣǾҲܱԷһ仰ס
ھ׼ȶֵƽħɽʱߴɵ۵Ӱˡߴɵ۱ҲڻԪռʱ޷Ա㽵Ӱ
ˣ׿Ӱæ
ҲӰҲǾԵһμߴɵۡ
ԣߴɵۿžԡ
ߴ꣬ʲôҪ˵ģԵ
Ǻǣ㿴ɣߴɵӰֱһڣһֳ
еˣȻһ۾ϳȷʵϾ𡣿ϾӣƺǱʲôطⷨӰ񣬾ԿжϲǼٵģ˵ߴɵȷʵǿϾ𣬻ߴɵйصʲô˿Ͼ
ߴֶ꣡ΣδҲ̫ˡŭڡ
Ǻǣԣ˵ʲôûãħɽϾ͵Ͼھ͸뿪ˡߴɵ˿⾰Եļ
ħɽϾ
ԵȻϾ𱻶Էɱûбѡ
ԭض˰ߴɵ۵ӰȻת뿪
ħɽǲܣҲûãٶ˵ϻͬô
뿪ߴɵҲɳһҲľԻ᲻ϾִҪħɽ
ߴɵӰһ׿ħɽĹҪץ
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漴ߴɵӰɢӰͶŵڣߴɵҲҪļģҲ᳤ʱάӰĴڡ
ԻصɳǣҲΡҪϾ𣬿Ͼʲôط֪ȳϾͲܻٵħɽȳħɽڵūҾãħɽĴڣºܲ򵥡ߴɵۣһдıġҪȻߴɵӦҲΪ˱סħɽ£

֮ɵ۽죬ֱɳڡ
ɵ۲һģһģӰɵۡӰɵʮ֮ǰƫԵģ챯ˣעžԡϾҲӰɵ۰ӣϾɫ䵶Ӱɵ͸ġ
ԣɵ۳ھǰ
׸磬ˣλǣԿӰɵۡ
ӰɵۣӰɵ۶Ծ˵
һ֣Ծ֪ˡ꣬ϾԾӰɵۡӰɵۣҲϾԲܴڷɫ䵶ԵʱûмӰɵۡ
ԭӰɵۣԶӰɵ۹˹֡
ԣڻԪռԪ򣬶ܲϵ˼λѣõһЩϢɵɫ˵ԵЩǡ
ɵ۵׸磬ʲô
ܸӣԪռλ컯ɵۣʮ궼ûκϢɵҲûٿλ컯ɵۡ¦Ҳڣƺȥ˻Ԫռþûл
ɵۣλᣬƺҪ򡣡ɵ˵
ԣλɵۣҵĳˡҾԲŲò硣ɵתĿ˵
۾Щ飬ȷʵһ֪
ԪռжΪɵ۴ڣԶ֪


2822 ɵ
˵ɵ֣ҲǻԪɵеСֶѡ
ɵۣ֮ǰͲ˵һ֡ܽɵ۱ȵ̶ֳȣλɵۿ϶ЩͬѰ
ɵᵽɵʱҲ¶ŭ֮ɫ
ɵۣʵǿ󣿡Ȼʵ
ǳǿֱɲ⣡ɵɫɵۣлԪɵµˡܶɵۣɵǰҲèһ㡣
ԪɵۼɵˣֻӰɵָɵ۵Ļ˵λ컯ɵۣǺø¦ˡԪλڣɵǲκ˿ġ
ɵͼı󣬲˭·ԥĽϰɨɵ˵
ɵʵǿޱȾͲ˵ˣ߻һȺԪɵΪЧߴɵ۵ˣ˵ɵ۵ˣһΪɵ۰¡ɵۼ˵
ߴɵۣüë
ߴɵŪһħɽūҪʲôһǳӴḶ́ȻҪôūԵ
˵ûʵߴɵŪħɽֻһĿģΪ˸ɵ졣Ӱɵ˵
Ӱɵһֱע죬ڷ飬ȾԺɵ֪ϸöࡣħɽûн֮ǰӰɵ۾ע⵽ߴɵ۵׼
죬ɵΪʲôҪôԵ
Ϊ컯Ӱɵҡͷɵ۵Ұ̫ˣκ֮󣬼컯ɵǰ涼Сԣһֱ׼ţҪı컯ԼԿ컯
Ѿ׼˺ܾã֮ǰΪ컯ɵ۹עŻԪûʲôᡣ컯ɵ򡣶ڣڵȵ˻ᡣӰɵ۵
Ƕ޵ʲôӰ죿Գʵ
ͨ޵˵ûʲôӰ졣ǣһɵˡڵһ飬Ҫѭ־Υ棬ɵֻҪ΢һͷܽΥĨɱǻԪɵۣҲѿסӰɵһ
Ӱɵԣ뵽Լ硣ڼ磬Կ˵һĴڡ磬ƿ֮¡
ڣɵƺǴ㽫Լĺ԰Ҫȫƾӡľ棬ҲħɽĶڡ
ɵѡʱܺãλ컯ɵۺ¦ڵʱ֡
ţ򣡡Ե˵
ţֹС컯ǻԪ֪ʲôӡǣҪֹǺѺѵ顣Һ챯ˣߴɵ۽ħɽʱ򣬾ͳֹǻʧˡ챯䲻Ҳֻںڰ֮СӰɵ̾Ϣ˵ɵյ̫Ӵˡ컯ɵۺͺø޷£ûʲôֹ
ӰɵҲ
֮ǰûʲôᣬڲһڣоԡɵ˵
Ӱɵ۵ͷţǰȷʵѾˣֿϣԣѾ֪ľɵ۽ֹľɵԶĶ֡ڣȷʵֻܿɵˡ
ң
ⵣӣʵ̫ˣԶûκ׼ɵۺӰɵ˵ϢɵƵȻҪȻԿЩûסңԼߣԼ֮⣬ֻɵۺӰɵλԪɵۡɵǱߣɵֵ»֪жٻԪɵΪЧ
ֻ㣡
ҺӰɵۣǶУɵžԵ
˵ûɵۣ컯ɵ⣬ɵۿ⡣ԣҺѶԸ⸨㡣Ӱɵ۵
ǸôʲôطʼأҲûн飬ѾˣڵȷʵҲֻվˡ
Ǵݻħɽܹӻɵʱ䡣Ӱɵ˵
ǰȥħɽҲֽ汻ū۵޵߶ȳֻǡϾߴɵۿˣߴɵϾвң˵ҪٵħɽϾͻεĵ
ϾǱߴɵץߵģɵԳ֡Ӱɵ۵
Ӱɵ۸ϾܶϾԪռӰɵȻû¶棬ҲһֱйעϾֱϾɵ۴ߡʱӰɵۻǳɻΪɵԳץһСС


2823 Ĺ
Ԫɵ۶Ͼ֣Ӱɵۿ϶ԥֹɵԳץϾӰɵȷʵûκΰ취ֻܿϾɵ۴ߡ
ڿɵƺϵԿܶһӰ죬ľ˺֡
ɵۣȷʵǼĽɫ
ɵۣϾҲ֪Ͼʲôطɵʵ̫ǿҲһֱӰɵҡͷ
ܱ֤ϾİȫħɽʱͲܲԵ
Ӱɵۺɵ۶һۣҲ⾰ԣԱ֮ˡ˵ħɽҪ깤ҲһһϦġǣʱ䡣
Ӱϸ磬ղ˵챯䲻˵챯˿ܻţʵ
ԣӦûţһЩӦǣҲܸӦ챯ֵλáӰɵ˵
챯˻ţܻа취̽ټġɵ۵
ԣɵۣս棬ȵɵкܴơƣҲơڻԪռ䣬ɵֻۣҪԷӽ㣬ǺѽԷӰɵ˵
˵⣬ȷʵǾԵĶ̰塣
ţҲһֱԼڵҲһʼûʲôչԿЦҡҡͷ
ɵۣȷʵѣǴӷɵĿԽӰɵ۵ͷ
ڵҲܴﵽɵ֮ǶԿɵ۵İտɾʹöˡɵ˵
ǰڣѾоˡڻԪռ䣬ЩɵǹңҶû취ҵǡԵ
ɵҾԵ鷳ǲ¡˼Ҳ¶棬ȷʵûʲôֶܹ׷ٵɵۡڵϵĳɾͺܸߣֻɵ֮µ޵߶ԣɵȣԵĵֶξЩСˡ
ãǡɵ۵
׸磬ɵжٻԪɵЧ񣬿ɵʵ
Ͼʮλ֮ˣжˮ֮µģҲ˵ɵɫص
ţһЩȷʵصúʱ̲ᱩ¶Ӱɵ۵
ɵôԪɵۣǡô죿ߣֻˡԿ˿λԪɵۡ
ȻȲɵۣȴҲûô⡣ǰ֮ԴҶڰţΪȱĹǣҶλ컯ɵ컯ɵ۴˾ʲôʱܻ˭Ҳ˵ھͲһˣֻҪվűвɵҲԸվӰɵ۵
ǰ룬ɵۣҲ뿴Ԫɵɣɵ۵
ѣǶˣھͿʼϵһЩԸԿɵ۵ĵѰɣϵòˣұ۵һһǺܶ˿ܶԾɵۻ̫˽⡣ӰɵתĿ˵
ȷʵҪһȻֳһеļƻɵ۵ͷ˵²˳٣ھЩѡ
ӰɵۺɵۣʼĻԪɵۡϵˣȻߴɵĻԪɵۡҪģпԸվֹɵ۵ĻԪɵۡ
ʵԪռ䣬Ҳȷʵвɵ۲ûбɵƵӡǰһֱûվҪȱĹǣûгͷ֮ˡɵּΪӴֻǵðһ£ǻɵġ
ԣɵۺӰɵ۵磬ЧǺܴġ죬ɵ۱ʾԸһɵۡǻ᲻վԿɵۣǾҪȼɵ֮˵ˡ
ʱ䣬ֹա
һ죬Ԫռ䣬Ӱɵ۴žԣһεСżڡӰɵ۵ս΢һЩڰɱȷǷǳǿġӰɵ۵ĸ١Ԫռ䶼ɵۿȡ
ҵСżȷʵǼΡɵԵҲ޷СżĴڡ
ҲΪɵ۶ӰɵⷽԲŻһԶӰɵŵĵط뾰ɵۼ档
СżԸӰɵ۽Сż󣬴ܵĻ
ԪռڣŲżؾ֮ǰδԪռżؾ
ԣûʲôֵʤΡĿǰӦֻҵڡӰɵ۶Ծ˵ԼԪɵ棬ӦñȽϰȫɵ۹ȻҲ޷ҵ
ӰⷽԪ˿ɼɵҲǸžԺӰɵһģʱЦ˵
СѡӰɵҡҡͷ
ӦҲ쵽ˣȥӭӭǴӰɵ˵˵ǣһЩԪɵۡ
Ӱɵ۵ȥӦЩԪɵۣȻǶҲСżλã˵ҵСżˡ


2824 ҪŽ
ɵ۶ˣӰɵ۵СżĵȺ
СżӰɵ۵˽ˣʵҲһԪɵûڻԪռ輸أϾǣ޷ʱ䶺ڻԪռҪļ£ҲȷʵҪй̶ĵطϢ
ŵ˰ʱӰɵȥӰɵһͬģˡˣȻλԪɵۡ
ʱ䣬Ӱɵۺɵ۶ˣ˲ٻԪɵۡУֻɵ۴Ӧһɵۣ֮УһΪʱ鵢޷ǰ˵ӰɵۺɵĻԪɵֻۣڽִӰɵ۵Ķ
Ӱɵ۴ģȷʵɵ۶ΪһˣӰɵɵġɵۣҪǰģҲǼ֮ǰɵ۲ͨһЩɵϡ
λѣҸǽһ£λǾɵۡӰɵɵ۽ܾԡ
ɵۣͲöһٽˡˣʶɵۣмɵۿȽһΪĵ٩˼䡣
Ӱɵǽܾݺɵ۵񣬱㶼˾ԡǵУ̺ż临ӵǼȻԣȻ֪ԵҲΪˣǲŻ÷˼벻ĻԪռ䣬Ҫ赲ɵϣһĵϡ
Ȼ˵ɵۣȷʵΡ
ɵۣҸһ⼸λӰɵֶԾԵ
λǸֱɵۡӰɵ۵Ŀ⣬ǾɵۣɵıȽϿ࣬һģ
Ӱɵ˵ֺԾԵ˵ͷ
λʯɵۡӰɵ۽ܵڶλɵ۸ʶ
λǡӰɵۣһλɵþ֪
Ӱɵ۽ܵɵ۵ʱľֹ΢Щ仯ˡǰɵۣɵģɵۣȴҪġȻˣԷ϶ɵ۵ˣԷпɵ۵ˣӰɵۺɵ۶ԲСż
ӰѣҾͶԾֵҽһ°ɡǵɵۣһЦݶӰɵ۵
ҲáӰɵ۵˵ͷ
ֵܣֽбѡɵЦŶԾ˵Լֵ֣˲ðɵڻԪռܶ࣬ɵۣ֮ǰȴֻ¦һֵܣǵڶɵۣ̫ˣ
ɵۣڻԪռһţŽЦ滢ˣĻأЦصҲΪɵ۵ķ̫ãӰɵۺɵ۶ڱɵ۵ĵһִģ˶ܾᡣ󣬻ΪǵҪŽһпŽžñɵ۹ġ
ǰˣǫѷ
ԣλǰԶɵ΢΢Ĺ
ʹãɵۼԶԼҲæھǰȷʵ̫дˡԣǿɵۣԪռ䣬Ψɵ֮һ
ξۻᣬֻСۻᣬ˶ˣҶɣӰɵһ֣һʯʱƾճ֣ÿһߣһʯʡ
ɵǣΧһԲζ
λѣԪҲ˽⡣ûֹɵۣô϶ܹġʱɵ۽컯ԪҲȫ֮ˡɵˣҶһ˽⣬һΪĿĲֶεˣԪǱȫƿأԲһ˷ĵ顣ɵȿ˵
ɵۣڻԪռȷʵǱȽϸߵģΪˬ죬ʵֺǿԲɵ۶ӡΪɵĴڣɵ۾εĽѡ
ԣһ㶼ûѾȷϹھ֮Уһħɽڽ衣ħɽ̣ɵĹؼӰɵ۽ɵ۵Ļ˵
ӰѣΪó̽أõϢۺжϣЩеħɽҪʱ깤ʯɵۿӰɵʵ
ÿһħɽ̶һѼһЩҲҪʱ䣬Щħɽ½깤ˡӦãʱɣӰɵü˵
ǵʱܽŰһɵ۵
ҪֹɵۣѡӰѡѣпеļƻ𣿡ֱɵĿ࣬ɤҲǱȽϴ
Ӱɵۺɵˣʱһۡ
ڻԪռڣλ컯ɵۺͺøڵ£ҪԿɵۣЩ˾ͱŽᣬԲܸΪսҪŽᣬͱһڣΪսŶ޷


2825 ˭
ɵۺӰɵۣ˾ϣǾԾΪ
ҪɵҲһԾΪ²ôס
ɵʵȻǿ£׻ΪֵһȺ˰ɵǹ¼ҹˣʵǿҲ޷ȥ򡣡һɵ۵
ԣҪԿɵۣҲýеšһʯɵ۵ѺӰһʲô㡣
ɵۣɵۺӰɵۡ
ʱɵվ˵ҺӰѣ֮ǰҲûʲôͷҲֻһһΪģӦȳһ֯ŽһпŽͬԿɵ̫ۡ֯ԼΨһ㣬ڶԸɵһϣҪЭ
֯ȻǺã˭֯䣿ûͳһָӣǿ¾ܾ£ʮɵҲʲôЧɵü˵ʱϵûдЦݡ
ɵۣûЦݵʱټ
ǰɵۣһ˵䡣ҪԿɵۣҲһܹڵ䡣ֱɵصͷ˵
λ˵˵һλɵۿǵ䣿ɵתĿ
ԪռڣߵɵҲôѡǼ֣ɵۣ˾֮⣬ʵ˶Ժ˲ֳˡǣ⼸ߵɵۣȴδػԸԿͷʢɵۡ
ѡӰѣпкʵѡʯɵֿӰλɵʵ
ҶˣȷʵһѡƼɵ˳˵
ӰɵۣҲŵͷ
˵Ŀⶼˡ
ҾãԿɵΣɵ۵
ڳļˣɵ˵Եֺһ鶼ЩŹ֡УǸûǹԡԣ̫ˣѾɵۣսǿҲܴߣҲһ⣬µûӣǿɾˡ
ѣֵɵۣսӦǷǳǿġƾ֯䣬Ҫ˳ᢵġֵϿ»Ƿȱܶࡣɵۿ˿ɵ˵
־ߣȻ˵ᣬ֪ľͲûоˡɵۿɵ۵
ֵ֯䣬ܷ𣿾Ǽ˶Ըֵܵģô֤ɵҲֵܵأֱɵ˵
Ǻǣ˵ƺѣʵҲΪ򵥵顣ڻԪȵľ˭ȭͷһǲҾԱһȣҲȻˡɵЦ˵
ɵⷬҲ
Ԫڻ磬ʲôطҪٵЧķʵʵǿˣȻľܵõغ;ƺκεطͨá
ɵ۵ʵжǿʯɵۿԡ
ǶǵһμԱˡ
Ӱɵ۵С֮ǰ˵˾ԳΪɵۣһľɵۡǶԾԵսжǿǲһȷĸ
Ҷ֪ɵǿ󣬿ڴ֮ǰԪֻһ¦ɵۡ¦һԪ͵ܴϸԪʹлģܲǿ¦ǿ½ɵֻжǿأ
ԵʵҲͱѰɵǿһ뵱뷨ͿЦˡ
Ҳǣ
λǴӻԪģԾԵʵ˽ⲻࡣ
ԣ㲻֣ʯƵѻѿɵһ仰ǶԾ˵֮˸ɴþʯɵ۽֣Ҳþܽ
ðɣҲվ
ʯǰǶ˾ͼ򵥵дһ£Ҳóˣǵ㵽ֹԿʯɵ˵
ãʯɵҲվ
ʯɵۣȷʵҲ뿴ɵ۾ȵɵǿ١ʯɵ۶ԼʵǱȽŵġǣóɵۡ
ɵɵҲǲһģеɵóɱеɵóϮеɵóɵǵĴҲвصġɵۣڹɱΪó
ʯɵۺ;ԣߵһߣԶ
ɵǿɱԵѣҾ㳢ԹңܻҵķȦʯɵ۶Ծ˵
õģʯǰСˡԵͷȡԼؽ
΢𶯣Ӵ뵽֮Сԣ΢ǰ̤һؽžʯɵ˹ȥûнӽʯɵ߲ŹԶĵطҲΪ֤ʵԼͬԶ빥ɱֻܽ빥ɱ
꣡ڿռڴ󣬼ٽӽʯɵڵλá
ɵۡӰɵ۵ˣҲһԹۿ


2826 ťɵ
ɫΣʵʯɵܣγɼ̵ϡ
ʯɵûгֹԵ˼ֻԾԵжǿԴʱǽԼķֶʩչ˼¡
ɫ֮ϣǹȦʱҵ뽣Ӵĵطۿɼٶڰݡ
ֱɵۡɵۣӰɵۣĿתĿһĻ
꣡꣡ʵĽ棬ӲɫȦϴ̳һӡ
ʱʯɵۣɾ̸ϴˣ˫ĿԼȦĽ档
ÿֲʯɵѹΪһ̺жôĿ¡
ȫ߶ܿƵĵͷųͨ۱Ҳóǲȫ𽥱ƽĽ档
ڣȫɫȦҲһǱ̺Ľ滺ɢ
ʯɵ۳ĺһ
̫ˡɵۣսɵȡʯɵԵ˵
ǰˣԶʯɵ۹˹ǫ
Եѣɲҵǰĳƺûôɱڿˡʯɵæֵ
ǰԳΪǰʱûж˵ʲôɴʱǲˡ磬ˣûб͵ģֻбʵΪȡ
ʯ֣оΣֱɵȻҲܸоһǿƥϾûᣬѯʯɵۡ
޷ֵƴȫʩչҲסһңǽɱʯɵۺܸɴ˵ͬʱֿ˿ԡ
ֱɵٿԣҲ⡣
ǰɵУ뾰ԵԿģҲ١ʯɵۼ˵սӦܹúܶŷˣ֮ǰ˵ģǲվһ˵
˵仰ʯɵԼҲЦЦ
ǺǣҾ˵ɵ۵սûɣ˰ɡӰɵҲЦ˵
ƾپΪĻ᳤԰ɣɵҲ˳˵
ǰɵۡӰɵۺ;ԴԵ۹齨һ֯־ͽԡȻǳףǾҪֱһЩ
ʯɵֱۡɵ۵˶ӣóǶþԵ֯Ѿûʲôִˡ
ȵһȣǱɵۣȴͻȻڡ
˶תĿɵۡ
ٺ٣м仰Ҫ˵ɵЦ˵λ˵꣬پȥδҲ١
ѵ˵Ӱɵ۰üʱҲܲñɵ˵ȻѾԤϵɵҪ˵Ļ֧־䡣
λǶťմ˶İɣɵ΢Уܵɵۡ
ťմˣ
ťɵۣ
ťɵ۵ĴǵȻİ
˷׷˵
ťɵۣڻԪռǺպĴڡʵڻԪռٳһݾߵġݾսɵۡ
ɵۣѾǳ컯ɵ֮ǿɵˡںøһɵ۲ὫڡΪøִ٣ÿһҲɱ̫ʱ䣬ܶɵ۶Ժøʵûһ׼жϣԴҶֻϺøǿҲкܶʱʶĺλ¦
ɵ۱Ϊ컯ɵ֮ǿɵۣ֪ʵжôˡԣȥսɵֻۣҪܻŻȻͳˡ
λťɵۣսɵ۵Ĵڡսɵֶۣսõ¼Ż󣬱òɵۿⲿֶս档ԣλťɵ۵Ĵ׹ˡ
ΪťɵѾʧ˺ܳʱ䣬֪궼ûˣӰɵ۵ťɵ۵֣΢΢Щȡ
ѵѣťɵۣʲô˼ĪǣťɵˣֱɵɵЩƣȽֱֱɵ۵ģƺҪɵ۲һЩ
ûťմѾԶżµȥһԶżԶżڣťմֻôԵʵͻͽťմ˵սɱȵǿࡣ
ԶżһָǴϸԪһЩطϸԪȻ𣬵ҲȫΪˡһЩĵطͿ浽һԪ͡ҲһЩԶżϻԪģⶼ˵ڻԪռɵֻۣǱȽȷһԪ͵ĴڣϻԪԼԶĻԪ͵״ڲڣĿǰûͳһĶۡ
ȻЩҪҪǣťմ֪ɵҪ֮Ҳ쳣ߣȷıʾҪȫֹɵۣɵۼ


2827 Ϊ
ťɵ۵ĺȻǷǳǿġ
ֱӺٷɵۣЧ϶һ
ֻǣʱɵµ⣬ֵȶˡȱɵӰɵҪСżμӴ˴Сģ˶ƾپԵʱȻ˵ťɵ۵ġ
ɵһתʹˡһӿʼͱĿģ
λťɵ۸ջãδʲôĶǣѾ˷ɵۣұѣǽ类ťմϵġťմ˵˼ҲǽһŽֵ֯ͬɵ۵ɵϴ΢Ц˵͸ԺǱťɵһʼġ
ťɵϵ˶ˣɵʵ
ĿǰǺܶ࣬вɵǰťɵ۵Ķλ뱣ȫˣǺβһͬǰأҽܵŽɵҲǲսʤɵ۵Щ
ֱɵ۵ˣЩɡ
λѣûʱ˷ˡ
ֵ֪ܵսȷʵǷǳǿ󣬿Ҫ䣬ͲԵĶ̰塣ڵϣֵܻǲͦġͼ˵ڻԪռھֵܳսĻǲѡܿǾֵܸЧԷ
˵ֵˣ¦ⷽҲǲɵ۵ġȻˣ¦ֶκܶ࣬ϾǴϸԪͻĴڡɵ˵
ɵ˵еťɵ䣬Ǿ׵öࡣһɵ۵ͷ
ٺ٣ֵܣҿɲ㡣ңΪ˱ȫ԰ɣɵֿԣЦ˵
Ե˵ͷɵ˵ûȷʵˣ
ԼƷ棬ҲܲϡҪȻ֮ǰ⣬ôľɵѵأȻϱɵ˵еԱɵˣӡȴǱ˺ܶࡣɵ۸տʼ˵ЩȻûκˣȻɵ˼ƾΪʱŷųЩЩնˡ
ԣãҪɵҲŭɵۣ޷ʾԵ˼
֣⻹˵𣿼ȻҪԿɵۣȻȥťմˡťմˣҲڵŴҵĵԻû˵Ǳɵֿ˵ˡ
׸磬Ҳȥťɵ۰ɣԵűᵽťɵ۵ʱɵ۾ʹϸ˵ťɵ۵
ťɵۣɵ۶޷ɱǿˡ
ɵ۵˵ͷ
²˳٣ͳ
ֵܣսӹɣťմһҲҪťմ䣬ӦҲǸ᳤ġƺ¾Բȥɵּ˵һ䡣
Ǻǣɵ۹ˡЦһ
Ͷ
߰ɣ
ѵѣﵽťɵҪã
ò̫ʱ䣬Ե
ɵǣӰɵۣһͬСżȻɵ۴·ҿٵ˲Ƹ·ǰС

Ԫռɵһżվ
ʱһɵڽ
ˣťմԶżˣڻԪ˷Դ˵ġ쵰ˣɵɵ¡
ťɵ۴ԶżǱȽصģڶɵҪԿɵۣȻסˡ˵ϵɵ֮ǰûϸֻҪȥɵµɵۣ磬סɵ̫ʱǹ¡
ˣťڻԪͦߵģǻӰ˽ļƻɵۼ˵
ɵ۶Ƭ̲˵ťˣΪǡЩˣԸťյ쵼ǺǣӰ첻ҵļƻťյʵȷʵǶעһ°ɡ
ǣףɵӦ

µʱ䣬ԵһֱڻԪ˲Ƹ·
˲ϣȷʵǱȵɵһЩ
һգڱɵ۵ʾ£ֹͣ˲ǰС
λťմ˵ĶѾԶˡťմϵһ£ťմ˴򿪶Ǿܸ֪ڣӶйȥˡɵۿ˵
ãɵǶͷ
ɵ۱õ֮ťɵ磬Ƭ̺󣬱ɵ۱һϲ˵ťմϾʹ򿪶һϢλѾгʮλɵĿǰťմ˵Ķڡ
ǺϢ
ʮλɵۣټǣͽӽʮˡ
ǰӦҲɵ۲̫ࡣɵۼǡʯɵ۵˶ϲ˵
Ȼںʱɵ۱֪һǰ벻̫ԶйȥҲ̫ãʱڣ϶ִܹ


2828 ֮
ťɵ۵Ȼż˹ɡ
ҪڻԪռ佨춴쳣ѵģȽ춴ĲϾͺѰңЩϱܹܻԪռʴģȻҪķѾԴԿ̷һ֮߰Թ
ťɵ۵ĶռҲǳӴ
ΪѾ򿪣ԾԵһ˳ı뵽ռ䡣
һ룬һӰӭ
ѣ
ɵ۵˼Էִк
֡ʯ֡ǿˡǵáɵЦһҲ˴к
ԵλǾֵܰɣ
ԼǰҲǿļʺ
ɵۣǰҿɳƲǰľɵ۵¼ѾˡɵЦ˵
ԪռǼӴģɵ֮ϢѸ٣ľɵۣʱܶɵ۶˵ˡ
λťɵѾȺʱҴǹȥɵ˵
ͱˡ˵ͷ
ɵۣťɵ۽йӭһɵ۵˵ģҪȻɵ۲ù·Ǳɵ۶ťɵ۵ͺϤȫ֪ôߡ
֮˱һ֮ǰһȺС
λϵľťɵۡɵ۶ԾԴ
ʵɵ˵Ҳµóťɵۣ˭ʸ׵λã˵ʵťɵҲⶴˡ
ťɵۣѾˡɵ۶λõťɵ˵
ɵ۵ڻԪռȷʵǱȽġ
ãֵܻλֵܵļ룬ǵ׳ࡣťɵ۽һãɤ˵
ťɵˣΪֹɵۣҵǲҲɵ˵
ãλťɵһֵ
ԡֱɵ۵ˣɵ۵һԿõλ
ھԵ˵֮ǰťɵ۱Ѿʮλɵˣʱټɵۡɵ۵ȾŸˣǾǶʮһλɵۡʮһλɵȷʵǷǳֲˡ
ֻҪʮһλɵŽһģҪ˵ɵ۵δأֹɵӦò̫ѵ顣Ȼťɵ۵÷ǳҪ
λѾжʮһ˵ˣҿҲʽչˡťɵۻȫ˵
ţˣ
ťմ˵ûѾжʮһλɵ֯Ľṹȷˡɵۼ룬Ҳû⡣ɵһЦ˵
ǾͿʼťɵֵ
ʼɣɵ۶ͷ
ţҪһ֯ôȷһ֡λ֣֯𣿡ťɵۿʵ
ť֣֮ǰҺӰǺϼƹǾ᲻ȻиʵȻҪøõ֡ɵۿ˵
᣿֣ҾҲťɵԵ˵ͷǾأ
ȷʵ˳ڣоƺûʲôص㰡ɵЦŵ
ֵкʵ𣿡ťɵ۾пűɵۡ
һ˵ɵЦλã֮Σ
ɵ˵֣С֮šաȻťɵеġաɵۣťɵ۵ƨҲǿ׼ˣťɵۿ²̫ɵ֡
ɵֺťɵʱһϵЦݸˡڳˣ鶼ЩŹ֡ɵ֣ЩΡɵֱۣӾü뿪ڷԡ
ɵۿ֮ǰťɵ۾Ц֮ţоҲܲգһȵĸоţԤʾ֯ڽŽһġλãǷԣ
ţȷʵ̾ɵ۸͵
֮ţͦõġ
ť֣罫ø֮Ϊְ֯ɣλɵ۶ֵ֧̬ȡ
ֵܣأťɵ۽ɵۣʵ
Ҷø֮ſԣȻҲûɵ۽еķԻѹȥûҪΪһ֣ɵŪò졣
ңɵۣťɵΪסԼԣҲûʲôôŪͶƱ֣֯Ҳ϶Ǹֻ֮ʤ
ã֯־㶨ˣͽи֮š
ƾһųѡɣλҾǸ֮ţһųԼĸųȽ׵Σťɵ˵
Ѿжʮһˣܻлɵۼ룬һųͼųҲȷʵȽϺʡ
ԴˣҵȻɵۣԱʾԡ
輸ų⣬ģ⸱ųѡ˭


2829 һС
ĸų⼸ųλģڳĿвˡ
λһ˭θ֮ŵųɣλǾԼųҲվťɵ۾˵
⻹𣿡
Ȼťմ㵣ųʣ˭ťմ˸ʺϵθ֮ŵųܴʵǴ˵ťմ˶ǲ֮ѡɵ۴˵
ťɵ۰˰֣Цȴû˵
ҲΪťմ˵ųʣ˭ǲҲȥɵսһԿܻŻĻųҲûһɵҲ
սɵۣȷʵǳѽݾ
Ȼ޾֮Уȥսɵ۵˲࣬սɵۺܻŻ˾͸ˡ
ť֣ͱƴˣų֮λĪһλɵۼ
ťɵۣųǴлϵġɵ۵ˣҲͬһ㣬ܾͲťɵ۵ˡťɵ۶ʱʮλɵۣҲܿǿĺ
ǺǣֵܵʵҲǿ󰡣ңֵֵܽĻҲûʤİաťɵۿɵ˵
仰ԵԲˡʵϣɵ۵սȻǿɱҪťɵһЩġťɵ۵ɲǴģɵ۲ɱġ
ťֹǫˣҶԼ֪ųûġɵ۵ҡͷ˵
Ѷô˵ˡť֣ͱƴˣһɵ۵
ţжɵ۳֧ťɵų
ȻҶô̧ңƴǣǾͲˡãųΡ棬һ鸱ųѡɣһųΪֵܿԣλأťɵ۵
ťɵɵһųҲʲôɵ۵սǿǹϵģڳɵ֮Уɵƥеģťɵ֮Ҳ;ˡԾˣʱܻò̫Ͽɡ
ɵθųûʲôͨˣɵҲûװǻƵĹƴǣ˳µ˸ų
λԼųְλ𣿡ťɵ۶ֵɵΪǸ֮ŵĳĴ߶˵ܹ֮ɵ۹ûֵǣҲǱɵȥͨϵġҾãɵθųҲǵ֮ģ
ɵЦһû˵
ǰʵӰ㣬ɵǾûʸθųġû취ťɵ֧˭˼ťɵ۵Ĺأóƨ
ɵθųЩװɣɵü
ŶųʲôΪɵθųأťɵ۵
ɵ۵ʵ΢һЩɵ۵
ţɵ۵ʵȷʵ΢һ㣬ûǸ֮ŵĸųҲȫʵѡһ֯Ĺ㣬ܸҪһЩڹóĲС˵ǲλųеʵǿеóͨԱȽƽ⡣ťɵ׼˵ǡ
ôһ˵ƺҲе
ų˵еɵƬ̣ͷ˵
Ǿɱɵۣεڶλųɣťɵһֵ
һҵΣҿԺĹɼǡɵվ
ˣڳ㻹ɵ۲ñɵ۵θųҲǲվˡʵɵ֮УԱɵûøеĲ١ҪȻɵҲЦ滢š
λųһλ֮ťɵٴλȫ
һΣͷǳҵġУλɵ۶һλųɵۺӰɵۣǼ֧־ԡ
ɵۣսǿޱȣΪθ֮ŵĸųɵۿ˵
֧ų顣Ӱɵۺɵ
ɵ۵սȷʵǿɵθųûʯɵԸܹԹģҲȽϹǾελųᷴԡ
λɵ۱̬þԵθųͱȽǿˡ
ǺǣһСѣô͵θųôҪְ񣿡һɫۣȥȽϲϵɵЦһ˵
ˣҲ뵱ų
仰תĿˣûʲô仯п϶ǲʹˡԶ⸱ųλȤҲ̫󣬵ɵһھһмĿǣԵòѺˣʲôһСѣ
ԣɵۣǻԪռʸǳϡţǻԪʱʹڵġɵ۴Խܴˡ
ѣֵȻᣬǻԪɴӲ͸ߵͣӰɵ۵


2830 
Ӱɵ۵ĻɵһЦ
˵ǵȻͣǵҲǿͶѳġ
ӰɵۣԾԣǾڻԪȷʵûʲôϸų˭ŷһ˶ѣ
˵䲻ģǰδ˵ʲôɵۡӰɵۣѵҪһǶû˵쵼ȥԿɵ۲ɣɵǿӲ˵
ֿԵЩ˵ɲǴġ죬˵սǿޱȣǽ˵ѡڳģûۼսɣ
ɵ˵е
ǣ˵⾰ɵۡһֱһλ¦ǿɵʲô֪ء
þθųҲĴǣܴǶԿɵ۵
ɵ֮жɵ۳
֮ǰɵθųû취˵ʲôɵ۵ʵʵġڻԪ֮Уɵ۵սǰеġ
ǱɵθųťɵΪťɵ۶ô˵ˣ˻˵ʲôûеӸťɵ۶Ÿɡ
ֵԣȫһˡԴǰȷʵûʲôڻԪռڲһ˶ѡ
죬ľɵ۽ֲһľɵۣҲֻһսһսûɵĿöս̡
ɵǣԾԵʵжǿû֪ġܻ˾ãԵʵǿ㾰ɵۣΣһ½ɵۣжǿսø¦սǿ¦ϸԪ;Ѿڵģ¦ǿһЩҲǺ顣
һǣ¦һԪͳִ٣ҾҲնɱ֡ڳɵǣ¦ʵҲʮ˽⡣ͺ񵱳ľɵҪɳǵʱ¦Ѿ棬ľɵҲû̾ߣ֪¦ǿ󣬵ȻΪԼ¦ֹ֮»ٵɳǡ֪¦ʵͲ뷨ˡ
֮ڳɵǣûΪжǿġ
ɻľɵۡɵ˵
Ǻǣľɵʵһ㰡Ҳʲô°ɡɵ̾Ц˵
ľɵ۵ʵڻԪɵ֮УȷʵǱȽġľɵҲһЩƣȶԪɵ۶ҪǿһЩĻָǿΪ޵ĵľ
˵ľɵ۵ôܵģҲ˵ءǶʱ䣬ɵ㻹Ӱɵۣɶ츽ĻԪУҪ죬Ҳ˲Ϣ顣ɵֲһ䡣
֮˵ҲпɵۻӰɵ۳ְ˾Ҳһ
ʲô˼ɵЩ̲סˣҲ
λ˵ɣλɲܵġťɵ۴һȻҪһ³档
ֵܵȷʵһЩֵܶܶԾֵܵʵ̫ϿɡĻʱֵܾͲҪθų˰ɡťɵЦ˵
ťųԾԵʵθų㹻ˡɵۻΪȡų
ųǸ֮Ÿոճɲ°˵ҪͶƱҿֵҲûʤġֵ㹻ǿԺȻлťɵۿɵ۵
ɵۻ˵ȿڵȷʵᣬܶණҪѧϰųš
⸱ųȷʵûʲôȤθų
ʱҲŽᡣƣٲŽᣬζԿɵ۵
Զô˵ˣɵüҲûٶ˵ʲô
ǺǣλСֵܣǺ׵ɵۿ˾һۣģ˵
ü
ɵۼڵťųҾҿʤθųְ񡣡
ɵëԼˣҪθųɵ۵ȷʵȫˣǻԪʱѾڵ顣ʵɵҲǼǿģȲɵۣҲ١ɵϹֶξǲģҪɱɵۿҲδؾһܻҪ˵ɱˡ
һݵۣɵҲԸԳĵ˵λųɵۣɵۡ
λųѡѾȷλųʱͿŰɣǿɵۼǸ֮ţλųλӣõõťɵʱ˵
ųӢλųȷʵ㹻ˡڿճһųλӣҲ֮µǿɵۼ룬踱ų֮λɵ̾ǿ֧ťɵ۵顣
ˣеĵͷеļûͷҲû˵


2831 ˵У
ųųѡȷ֮ŵĹܹˡ
ҪνɵĽǡ
˶֪ɵھֱ󹤳̣Ϊ׼ΪЧɵ۵İ취ƻЩнĴ󹤳̡
ԴˣڳɵǶͬġ
ô˵˵ôһʼɵнħ֮ġֻҪƻħɵ۱㲻֮ġħҪɵۿ϶ҲвáƻħҲ׵ءťɵ۳˵
ͬʱƻħ϶ǲܵģֻһɵ˵
ǰҪƻħɵ۵¿϶Ҫȫħ˵ãɵ۱˶ťɵ۵ͷ
תĿ˵ɵƺ֮л컯Ӱ졣ֵܣǲ
ӦˣûиоκԵͷ
ǾͷˡоֵڣǾ͵ǶһťɵЦ
ҿʹħʼɳһ֧飬ǰ졣ɵǾСֵܾͳûȥƻڵħɵһ˵
Уɵ۵Ļֱҡͷ
УôУѵ㣬ȥɵɫһǲҶԿɵۣͲȻ˸֮ţΪ֮һԱȻҪǡ
ɵۣԡ
Ҳ˼˵֮ǰ죬ͼȥݻħɽ⣬ͱߴɵˡһλѣɵץסħɽݻ٣ҵĺѾͻᱻɵɱ
ԣħɽʱƻ˵
ħħɽ֮ڡħǴ󹤳̣ϵĻɵۿʹħֱ֮ĽӴӶ֮ġ
ῪЦɵۣץĺѣλѣ˭˼ƺɵǰץĺѣλʲôģɵǵȴڣôץĺѣɵЦ˵žԵĻ
ɵ۵ĺѽϾһϾȷʵɵץȥˡӰɵ۵ңɵȷʵͨߴɵвԣԻħɽϾͻ
£һɵ۲
ɵۣҲ̫һɵզࡣ
һȻһħɣһ۵ɵ۳ŵ
ʲô
ΣѵΪ˾ԵһѣħͲƻ𣿡ɵȴǲΪȻ˵
ԣӦ֪ɵԡʱܲȡأѵΪԼĺѣô˸ȣȵħɣɵ컯ɵʵԾ˵
ɵۣ򣬶ħȻҪһĴݻħΪβܴʼŭҲԽԽʢ
ǰԼųְᣬѾΪֿˡɵۣȴԼƵġ
ھȳϾ֮ǰǲȥƻħġοҲһҪħƻƻħƻûκεӰ졣
ɵһȡ
ԣעݣǸ֮ŵĳԱҪָӣɵ̾ó˸ųѹԴѹԡ
ųʵħʼƻҲǿԵġһɵü
ߣⲻǴһħʼƻ⣬̬⡣ѵɵץһЩˣвˣˣǻ̸ʲôԿɵۣɵ۴Ȼĵ
ԣʹħʼƻ񣬾ͽˣǴһɵֶԾ
˵ˣУվɵۣ
ԵĿؿڵĻڵ
˵ʲôɵƺҲû뵽ԷôһʱҲһ¡
˵У˵һ顣
ֵܣťɵҪƳˣЦ˵£¹شǲΪĳһˣӰְʵڽսУκˣпģ˵ߵĺѡˡ⡣
ťɵⷬҲȰ˵ԷϾԾվɵǱ˵ġ
ųҲ˵ƻħ˵ԴʼƻħҲûܾȳϾҲ᲻ֹƻħԿťɵ˵
СӣôͲأɵۺֱӾСĻ


2832 Ϊ죡
ɵǸҪӵˣԵﶥײŭˡ
ɵҲ֪ɵ뾰Թϵͬһ㣬ԴʱûԾԺɱɵһԣɵۿɾͲһСôˣ˵ֱӾͶԾԳˡ
Ѿܽˣ̫Ŀ⿴ɵ˵
ԣȻѾǸ֮ŵһԱҪ֣˵ǲǣǸ֮ȻոճҲýذɣȻΥײϷΪǲǺܲʣɵۺһ仰Ƕɵ˵ġ
Ҿأ˽ΪʱֹԳʹԺ֮ڲôɵתĿɵۡ
ԵΪȷʵЩס
ǰЩûˡ
ˣȷʵýܵѵȻԺ󻹲֪
λɵ۶ˡ
ǺǣλǸ֮ոճڲûȷɷ׼ҿҲֻǹڹԼĺˡþԴֵܣͽħݻٵɡǱɵĿ˸˵
ɵۣǿһƿʯɵ۷ģ֪ԵʵȷʵǺǿȻֻһ޷ȷԵսжǿ϶ҪѰɵǿһЩ
Ҿܾܴ
֮ŷҪƻħҾ˳֮šУħƻ֮ǰ˭ҪȥƻħҪҳֹĵ
仰˵жʱһ
ɵ۵ŭȻࡣղžԻֻɵкܲʹ죬ôڣԾڳɵ۶ǳˡ
Բ˵Ҫ˳֮ţ˵˭ҪȥƻħͳֱֹڳɵǰȺɵۣ̲˱һӡ
ťɵһȣԵҲࡣ
㵱֮ʲôͼ룬˳˳ߣǿֵܵϣ֮һδͬ⡣һʵΪԼǻԪһˣťɵĳ
̫ˣ
СӿΪԼ¦Ĵˡ
ԲѵĶ֮߳Ҳãڸ֮ſ϶Ǹɵ˵ɲղôºˡ
ɵۣ뾰ûʲôϵǰԵֶûǣȻΪԿǣҲվھԵ˵˵ӵĻǵȻԾá
ųˣӱϳͣҪ֮߳ţҲúݺݵĳһǣɵ˸ťų˵
ԣʹ
⾰˿ҲˡǸ֮ŵĸųɲΪźŶӰŶӵ򡣡ɵۼɵۣ˼˵ɲܻžԡ
ɵҲü˿ԣһʱû˵ʲô
ɵеȻžԵģüҲװġɵ۾ãƺһûᡣӿʼڣɵ۵ȻҲܶɵ۶ԾԵʵΪȻܸͲžжǿս˻ɾԵǲɵۼǿߡ
ԣܻһþĻᡣ
ڻԪУȭͷģǽġ
ξԣǺǣǾԿˣ󣬵˭˭
˿ɵ۵ı飬֪֪׵Ӱɵ⣬ɵۻΪɵҲԾԵΪ˺Ĳ
ҵ뿴ôңվɵ۴
㡭
СϷǲģϷͲɵۣɵ뷢ţҪըˡ
ڻԪУɵɵǰҲҪӵġйָģ˵ֻһˣɵҲ׾ˡ
ťųѵСɵ۵ǻûǣťɵťɵ˵
ãųһԡȻҲûҪɱʶԼĴ󼴿ɡťųͷ˵
ƥɣ㣡һ˵꣬Ҫߡ
ԣɵ۶ԾԽһ
ɵϸɣûҪŪˡ㲻ȴݻħǿġɵ۶ԾԿ˵
ͬʱҲԾĴԣôɾôɣЩֶ֪֪Σ
ɵ˵ĻǸ˿ġȷ֧־ɵ۽֣ɵƻϼһ»ɡɵ˵ⷬɵۼˡ
׸磬㲻ȰˡҷҪƥ֪֪Ϊʲô죡һת˳ȥ


2833 սɵ

ɵ۷һ}˵Ц
λ˰ɣ˰ɣɵֻ˶֮УҪԸˡ
ಣһɵҲ˳ȥ
λȥɣ⾰˿ǾͿǷһ㱾¡ťɵ˵վ
ɵۣҲ˳ťɵ۵ĶԪ֮С
˿ǰԶɵۡ
㲻ִսһɵ۶ɵ۵
ɵ̾һһΣ̫ʢ˰ңˣ˵ʲôҲ
ɵ⻰ȻΪɵҲǶԾЩʧˣԲ¡
ųܻɱԵģųǱòᰡɵҡҡͷ
㱻ɱˣҲҵġʢɲʲôɡԽᣬԽӦõ͵ǫǡһɫɵһ˵
ţ˵û֮ȻųûйزɷԲҲ̫Ϊˡһɵۿ˵
ɵɱɵۣ²סʯɵʱ򿪿ڵܹԵԾɵδؾɱԡ
ʯ֣ɵ۵ֶΣȺɵ֮ġťɵۣҲδɵôֶΡŰɣɵҪɱԣԿ϶ɡǡֽ롣ɵ۾˵
һȺɵۣŶеľԺɵۡ
Сɣҿмֱ£ɵ۳žԺ
ȡؽɫĮŶɵۡ
϶˵ϻɱСү㻹˵㣡ԻӦ
ɵܣһɫӿУһƿ״֡
ƿ״ɵ۵ıȻһ۱ƿܲӺƿӿֻɵ΢΢һǳˮһĺɫ⣬ǴӺƿӿɫ⣬һƥ˲Ϣǽ԰
ɫ⣬ż侪˵ĸʴ֮ڹĸʴ֮ԪռʴӡɵڻԪռսǵɵۣɵ۵ĸʴڹ⣬Ҳ˿Ĵ⡣
ɵ֮µ޵ⸯʴڹ⣬գۼҪһ߰׹ǡʴڹ⣬ȺԵĹֶΣɵȫʩչĻʴڹĹ⻪ܸǰ
ܸܳʴڹʴ𣿡һɵ۳
⾰ɵۣӦǷǳǿġʴڹ⣬Ӧܿסһɵ˵
ɵ۵жǿ˭֪ء
ҿһܿסʴڹסܲѳδ֪Ҳ£⾰ԿºܿҪˡ̹ɵ۵ֶ֮Ӧþ׻Ԫǿɵ۵ʵжֲˡ
սɵۣζš
⾰Ϥ˵ֶܼãһɵۿɵ˵ɵòȽ죬Ķͷһֻۣ˵ֻۡ
ɵۣǻԪպյɵۣʵҲǼǿģֶαȽ϶ڻԪԵҲǱȽϲģȻ֮ŵĸųְλӦɵһ
ɵɵ۽ֹһζսɵ۲δռݵϷ硣ɵһֶΣ˵һֶģĵֻйءɵ۵ֻۿɲǰ裬սž˵ɱƽʱĶͷǲģֻսҪʱŻʹá
ֶΣԪڱΪͫһơ
ֶã˵Ҫɵ۵ֶжǿˡɵۿ˿ɵ˵
ɵ˵ģɵֶܼöǾֶܼá
ǺǡɵЦһû˵
ʴڹסľԣһƵ
սɵǣһؽ̴˸ʴڹ⡣ؽһλʴڹֳһӡ󣬾Ա
ţɵԭϴŵЦʱ˲ʧæ߶͵ͼǸʴڹٶȸǾԡ
ȻǼ˹ʴڹٶȣЩϾԵĳٶȡ
սɵǣ΢΢˿
⾰ȷʵ򵥰
ôƿ˸ʴڹ
ȻЩ͡ųֶΣɲֻиʴڹ⡣ⸯʴڹ⣬ֻǿθС˰ˡ
ѸٵĽӽɵۣǿޱȵܻԪռ䶼ڲھԵܣһʵĽɼ
ɶ񣡡ɵۿһеĺƿǰ͵Ļζһ¡
Ӻƿڣڹٴα˳ڹ⣬ΪһͷűϮľ˹ȥ


2834 ħ
ƿڷɳͷ֮ɵ۽е۱ƿһףǺƿڻ
֮ɵ˫ƺʮֻһɫļڷɳɫֺѸڻԪռǴ˲Ϣһɽ
ȥɵۿһȣǽɫŲ㲨Ϸȥ
˿Կɫžͷֹȥġ
ʱͷѾ뾰ԷֱӽӴ͵ĻؽؽĽмͷն˹ȥͷȻۣƺԣķӦٶȾǳĿ죬ڽնɱʱλмͷ­˹ȥ
ףҲЩĿһĻ
ԭΪͷûǻ۵ģԼնɱӦɾնжмͷ­ȴ뱻˹ȥ
СεֵɵۿЦ
һСߣҲңһȵ
ؽһգ岻ûкˣ෴Ļǰȥ˻ƹͷԾͺûпһ롣
ۣͷһͷݺݵҧ˾Ե塣
ֻɫҫؽһգ漴ֱֱֻۣڿռ˲ӳһסһͷ͵סͷǱӲ˾ԡ
⡭
ЩսɵۣĿɿڴ
ɵ۳꣬ڻԪռսҲ١ɵ۵ֶΣɵǻδȫ֪ǶҪֶΣЩɵۻٶһЩ˽⡣ͷǵȻҲ֪ʱԲԼһͷ˺ҧֻקסͷӲͷǶЩ¡
սʽֱ̫ˡڵԪͣǿַʽս޵֮սһ඼ȽԶ
ǿǾԱͷ˺ҧͷƺҧһɵָž˵
ͷһͷҧס˾ԼλãͷܽԵļҧǶôֲ
ɵ۵𣿡һɵ
ЩɵĿɿڴʱ˫һڶ
ѣһȡ
꣡
һ춯ͷƺǷһҽСֻץסͷǱԲбĴӴ˺ͷԸ˺ˡ
Խͷ˦һԣͷһͷ­Ҳɿ˾Եļ
Ȼ治Ǵ壡Կǰͷͷ˺ԴûмʱĻָ
Ǵ壬Ӧָܻ̾ԭ̬ġͷûлָҲ˵ͷӦǰ壬ԳƵˡ
ɵ۵ĴС
ԵĲûдǵ壬ǲԣҲǻ۲ͷӦɵֶͨλĶְ壬Ҳˣһӱ˺ͷƾԲᡣɵҪͷָǲ̫ס
СҪҪɵæ߶ƿ˵ͷ˻ȥͬʱŭ
ˣǽɫʱֵ˾Եͷ
̧ͷŽɫ£ûȥܡɫʵʵĽ˸ʵʵɫɽô󣬾ȫ˽ȥ
㻹ɵۼԱסƺɳһӣԾֵġ
ɫֽнħ䲻ǵ۱ȴһԪ챦ħǻԪȻܣǱȵ۱Ҳضá
Ϊ˶Ըԣɵ˱ǮѰʱɵ۾ɵ۽֣ҲٻͬʱúƿͽħħһɱıܱȽϹŹ֡ڽսУסǽħ֣סĻɾΣˡ
ǵɵ۱סĻҲʵһЩĵɵֱۣӾͱɱˡȻˣɵһ϶ɵĵŽħסԼﵽɵ۲ε޵ߣûôױħס
ǲ˰ɣ
ţħסͷҲ޼ƿʩ
Եǿף㱻ħסҲᱻֱɱ
ûȷʵǺֱɱԡ䣬ɵ۾ͲҪһֱǽħ֮ˡ
սɵֿʼƷͷˡ
ųϲϲħһҲ־ܰɵ۶ɵ۹˹˵
ɵۿ˿ɵۣܻͷˣֻǱѿĶԱɵ۵˵ͷûеĶ˵ʲô


2835 ͱ
ˣ
ħ͵һһ촫
ڵľԣȻڲħҪ
ߣΣɵ۶ŽħЦ
СͶɣǴӦ¹Ǹұɵۿ˵
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ܰʲôʱ򡣡ɵ˵һ䡣
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ǺǣǻԪУֱȱģҲλ컯ɵ۰ɡһɵ۵
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ǰɵۣҲδųıࡣһɵ۵ͷ
̫ˣôɵ۱ȱɵ۲֪̽żвϹżıǳġɵ۵
ҲǣϹż֮ڣȷʵ࣬лԪ챦ͨɵۣɲϹżɵҡͷ
ڻԪУһЩյǵɵҲҽġԪռɵ̽ĵطҲ޶ȡ
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ţɵһ
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ǣشģһ
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ɵۿһͷҪѪˡ
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ಣһΣٶɵ۳˹졣
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ţȷʵǻԪ챦ܲħơ֮ǰûмɵ۵ͷ
ҼһΣⱦһʮſӡÿһӣ̺һ硣һסѿɵ˫ĿŹ
ղǽħѰɵǱס˭ƿɵۣǴˣʯɵ˵
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ȷʵǰɻľɵۣһΪпųɷ֡ڿӦʵһɵ̾˵
ֵܽųһսҪڻԪˡһɵ˿
ʱɵԵʱɱȸղſˡ
ԪоˣʵֻҪ㹻ǿᣬһ㡣ûʵĻɵӻԪʱʹڣһòءƿ˽ħѾɵʶԵʵȷʵǿ˾η
ɵЦɵУֻΪʵġӰɵۣԾԵʵ˽̶ҲЩģġ
ԣͬûжܣֱ壬Ƶһֻ֣קסһץס͸оǿӶ
ʵ㣡һͺȣ΢𶯣ӿ
޴ʱ㽫
Ҳץ۲Ԫ챦
϶ϵı治١Ҿòˡţлл㡣̧ͷۿԼɵ˵һ䡣
󣬾ԱǿӲĽǿڡɵ۵ԾԵĵˮƽҪĥӡǿ϶һӾɵģⲻ΢סԺУˡ
ɵֲҽһԼĻԪ챦ȴ޼ƿʩƴ߶ջ޼¡


2836 ˭
ɵ۵ԿԹͨʵʿסȴɵ۸޷
ǺǡɵЦ
ɵ۱ȽϽɵۣתĿɵۡʱ˼ĵͷǿʼãɵʱûֹɵɵ۽֣ܿǹģֶԾԲ̬Ҳǹװġ
ɵΣѪ˰
ƿͷشħҳһ󶴣óֱɵ۸ǿ˹ȥӣɵǳӶҪˡ
ûû£ɵ۵ıడ
ٶ࣬Ҳڰ
ɵۣĿɿڴ󣬶ֺǺǵ̸šɵ۵ԵͲ̫ãû˻Ϊɵۿǡʼʱ򣬴֮ԶԾ̬ȣΪǲ֪ʵ֪սȻͲþǿˣ˼ʵǮ
ťɵɫҲһãȷʵҲû뵽Ի֮ǰ
Եֶκܼ򵥣õıҲһؽѡּ򵥵ķʽȴɵɨءǣƷǿһ̶ȣһжѹƷ
ңɵ۶žԿ
ԭⱦֽЦһ
϶㻹ջҿ㣬ǿǿԼɣһЦؽৡնһ⡣
ɵϮɱȥ
Ӧ̺ĿֲɵȷʵûʱԼıˡҲԲԼҪһ⣬ɵ۵ûóֵˣԼЩܾ޴ıھǰͷӲʲôá
߾ɵ۴һ
ˣ棬һڹ뵶
ںڹ֮УһӴӰӸֳǣһֻ޴ѻ
ɵ۵ı壬һֻѻӻԪʱԪһͬһֻѻ
ɵǡƴ˰һɵۿž޴ѻ˵
嶼˳˵ʵǰȻ֪ɵ۱ǻԪѻ컹ǵһμءɵզ
Ҳǵһۼɵ۵ı壡
Ǳ֣Ҳ򲻹ɵ۰ɣʯɵҡҡͷ˵
䡭ɵ֮ʱնĽ⣬ɵ۱Ӵˡ
һ촫ɵ۾޴Ӱն˳ȥɵ۵ıȷʵҲǳǿǿȲѰɵܱȣȻն˳ȥ岢ûб
ôһֻѻ˵һ䣬Ѹٵűնɵɵ׷˹ȥ
޷Լɵֻۣһתò׻ָͿɷһľֵ˽ʱŵð嶼˳ȻֵסԣףԼԶǾԵĶ֡ټɱȥԼҪ군ˡ
ˣɵۻָΣæͶ
䣿϶Ͷˣ˶٣ֳؽûмնɱ
䣬ͶˣɵЩήҵĵ
Կ˿ťɵۣťɵ֮ŵųŹ֣û˵ʲô
ɵǶԾԴΪֹɣɵսǷɵ۵ˡ˵ҲûɱҪ
ðɣξһɵ۴󣬾Źɵۡ
˵ɵ۲˿ٿԵѾ˼־η
ǸҵĵԪ뾰ɵۻҰɣɵ˿˵
ȫƽԪɵۻŴӾҪȥ
ţɫһ
ôɵԼͳȥĶѵҪȥɣ
͡ͳȥҺ͡ɵһɫ
ͣղŽ˦ʲôѲɣңҪɱ𣿡Ժ˫Ŀɵۣͬʱؽֻζһ¡
Σɵ˵Լԣɵ۴һԲϾͼɱļơ
ɵۣǺϧԼġӻԪڣҲû
͡͵İɣɵֻܲԸ˵Լ͵ˡ
˾Ͷлɵˡɵۣ󷽣ԹһЦʱŽؽ
תĿЩսɵۡ
˵Ҷ֪ʱ̣һˡԣҵıĺ١λ֮бģǿҼôڻλɵǰͻԪã
˵Ļսɵǣ඼ɫһڡ
ʱ򣬶ԾԵʵѾȫ˽ˡ


2837 Ŀ
ۿɵεľأڳɵǣ˭ȥ뾰Խ
ԼȺɵû˶ҡҡͷ
׸磬ȻˡԶɵ۵
ɵ۶ս֮ǰԾ˵Ҫ˳֮ˡȻǸ֮ųԱȻҲ

ɵۻûӦťɵ۾ʹЦһ
ֵܣȱżǸ֮»ûôأťɵžԵ
ƺѾ˳֮ˡԵ
ôأֵܣɵץ㼫ΪҪѣҲ뽫ĺѾȳ԰ɣǸ֮ôһж϶ҪԼöࡣ˵ɵҪԪֵɲӰťɵһ֣ر˵
ǣֵܣɲܾô˳֮šڸ֮ţǶԿɵ۵İվ͸һЩǱɵ۽ž˵
ǡղšλ˵ҿ֪𱰣˵Ҳʺϴڸ֮šü
ղţ˭˵ֻˣťɵһۣܵɵۡ
ɵ۶ҡͷ
ɵۣǲ˵ģťɵֿûָɫȻ׵ɵۡ
ңɵһ㶡
ôܣʲôû˵ɵ۰˫ַϡ
ŶֵҲˣû˶пеɵۣǼ件ӭġҾãԾֵܵʵԵθųɵۣҪίһ㣿룬ӦҲǺ⽫ų֮λøֵܵġťɵ۾ɵۡ
ꡭɵмֱһֻڶ
죬ǿˡ
ֱʧͲ˵ˣŪûͷƤҲûˣųλӶסˡ֪ˣԼΪʲôҪǾ԰
ֵܣ㿴ɵûťɵֶԾԵ
ɵû˵ťɵ⻰˼ɵ۲˵Ĭͬˡ
ɵۣǸ֮ȷʵҪǿ߼롣ʯɵ۳Ͽҵ˵
ǰɵʵǿۺ񣬾ɵ㻹һɡһɵҲڵ
ԣλɵۼȻϣڸ֮ţťųҲ֧㵣θųɡɵʱ
ǣðɣҾԺʲôλĵطλ¡ɵ۹˹֡
ˣԱ˸֮ţΪ֮ŵλųȡɵ۵ĸųλӡ
ֻصťɵ۵ĶƻڵħһΣȻûٲ۵˵Ҫħʼƻ
֮ɵ۾Ӷħʼƻ
Ҷͬ⣬Ǿôˡһƻħһ̽Ͼ𱻹ʲôطťų˵
Ӱɵۣ̽Ϣ棬ûȡѰϾ£鷳ˡťųֶӰɵ۵
ťųˣȻǺôϲϲƨҲȷʵֹɵۡҪȻҲʱ̬ԡҲҪȫǾ͵ȾȳϾ
ųģҶ߾ȫӰɵ۵ͷӦ
ţťųԸųɵǰץϾ¿϶żԤϵγвԲŻǰץϾʱͲҪƻħжˣɵв㡣
лų¡Զťų˹ֵ֣һᾡҵϾӰ쵽ҵж
ãťųصͷ
¾ͽˣ֮ŵĳԱ½뿪

벻ɵô
ǰ˭뵽ɵҲǱȽˣھɵǰȴûʲôм֮
ɱɵǶпܱɱɡ
˵ɵ۱ֶκܶ࣬ɱɵҲʲôıֶ߰ɡ
ô˵ǻԪɵˡԪ֪мλɵ뾰ɵԿ
̫࣡λ컯ɵۺ¦Ͳ˵ˣ֮⣬ҲɵаջܾɵۡťɵǸεģҲδһܻܾɵ۰ɣ
˵嵽׸ôﵽɵ۲أ֮ҲԹɻԪǿ巨Ҳֻܽ𼶡
ӦйأǿɱˣɵǱøȷŵͳɵۡҾã϶֮
ԣҪΪɵۣҲǺѡ¦ĵǣҲ׵Ļ޾У¦Ҳһɵ۶̳
Ԫɵǣ׷½Ŀľɵۣ


2838 ּҹ
Իص죬
֮ǰ챻Ūǲȥ
ɳǽ˷׶ΣʼӰٶȽȫơɳǶпƻո򼸺ûѡ
֮ĻǾڣҪЩԺɳƴⲻ̫ܣԾҲֻɳǵоڣ֮йūǲˡ
ʱҴңš
һգɵ۸ԴѶϢɵۣҵʳǡ
ʳǵѰ޵ֻڵõƲܽ룬һڡɵۣҵʳҲǺ׵飬ɵҲѰãڷʳǵλá
ʳǵǱϷǳǿɵ۲ù䷨ġ
ɵ˵ѾҵʳλãҲɵһͬǰҹɵۣ
ɵڻԪеžԣԺ˲һͬǰʳǵ˵ֶΣֻҪҵʳλãеȻѵסˡ
ʳǵΪԶƬϤɵۣܿ͵ҹɵ۾סĵط
ҹǰ
ԺɵϿգųһ䡣ˣûѰɽ
طϴξʱûʲô仯ҹɵۿռɽΪĴڣ£һȺӼ߰ߵħͷ
˭
·һöҹɵ۵
׸磬ҹǰȻڡҹɵ۵ЦŶɵ˵
ţߣȥɵ۵ͷɫƽȴǳ
ҹɵۣá
ɵۣҹɵҲˡɵۣһΪҹɵѾˣû뵽ҹɵʳǵɵµˣҲûΪҹɵۻжвԲŷ˼׷ҹɵۡɵһҪɱҹɵۣǼҹɵ۲صʳǵҲ϶ᱻҵ
ҹɵۣͻȻٵӰһ˵׺ϵıʱϲ
磿ҹɵۿɵۣƺЩԼġ
ԣҹɵֿԡ
ҹɵۣʩչ֮Դз֪Եùɵ۵ĴСҪȻϴҲὫ͸ʹá
ҹǰԶҹɵۼ֡
ǡô磬ȻšҾ֪һšҹɵռĿ
ҹ£ǣˡΪңҲ㡣ɵҹɵۣǸ˵
˵Щʲô
磬ڻԪʧ٣ȥô뾰һͬʳأҹɵʵ
˵ɵ֮У˶ٲżұɵ׷ɱ·ߣҵø
ɵ۶ҹɵ۽ξĵʱ뿪ʳǵһȺڣһξԽʳǣҲʶ˲ˡٽȻҪȥ̽һ£Ρ
ȾȥʱɵѾŵľҹɵۡ
ԣ벻㾹ΪɵۡҹɵЩ̾ĶԸոջصľ˵
һμ㣬Ҿ֪㲻ֻ㽫ܳΪɵۣȴû뵽ȳɵۡҹɵ˵
Ǳ¦ѡеģ£һԪܷȥҪԡ¦þ϶ԭġ룬¦ӦǾþܹһԪͰɡɵ۵
һԪͣĻ𣿡ҹɵ۵
ţԪ͵ƺһֻءһԪԪͣҲǱˣԲһԪ͵ĵȻ˵һԪٴλ𣬽µĻԪ͵ǣڻԪУҶ뿴Ԫͱһ鷢Ԫûʲôܹɡɵĵ
ǰһԪͣҲֻ¦ˡҹɵ۵ͷ
һţʱҲ̲סڵԪУλ컯ɵڣ¦ڡǶ޷赲Ԫ͵ĻʲôأҾɵۣʵϣ϶Ǳ¦ǲϺܶࡣ
Ͳܹ˵ˣ¦Ȼĥ㣬Ϊɵۣǿ϶ĵɵ˵
ڣǻҪȽɵ⡣ɵջԪ컯ǻ֪Ժءɵ˵
ҹ£һػԪռɣɵֿҹµ
ҹȴǿЦЦҵľѾ䣬ȥ˻ԪҲﲻæֻۡ


2839 ҵϾ
ɵ۵Ȼ֪ҹɵ۾䡣
û֮ǰԶ˵ڼҹɵۺҲһ۾Ϳ
ҹɵ˵ɵɫҲⰵ˰
ҹɵ۵ƹأڣҲŸԴǿƣҹɵ۵ľ绹ȥ˵ҹɵܹһ˵飬ˡ
ʱ򣬾ȴһδؾͲҹǰȬ׸磬֮á
磬Իõ֮˴󲿷֣в֮һ֮ʣ࣬ǽⲿ֮͸ɵˡɵ۾ʹһЩ϶в١
԰
֮ɵ۵Ҳ
֮ʲôҹɵۻǵһ˵֮
û磬ȷʵ֪֮ʲôڻԪռ䣬û˼˵֮ˡ
֮һּΪĲϡʱڳΪɵۣҲ֮ɵ˵
дҹȬԺܴ󡣡ɵۿĵ˵
½ңһ֮ټĲϣҹǰƳҩȻûаٷְٵİգӦгһϣܹҹǰƻָ˵
һϣҹɵۼֱԼĶ䡣
ԼƣȻκ˶˽⡣ҹɵۣʵҲͷˡΪѾϣ˵Щϲˡ
һҹɵ۱žԺɵۣһͬ˻Ԫռ䡣ҹɵڣֵ֪ԪռʴɵڣȻԱҹɵ۲ܻԪռʴˣص죬ҹɵ۱ס˺ɳǡ
ɵ۽ֽ֮ԣҪĲϣҲƴѼһЩѰҵĺϣʵڲоñɵǽһʱڣϱȫˣʼΪҹɵ˵ĵҩʵϣҹɵ۾㵥̷ֱ֮ҲпȫָġֻǣƳĵҩˣǻָĿԸҲ졣
ʱ䣬ҹɵ۱þƳĵҩȬƣľ磬ȻҲ»ָҲҿĵڣȬҲѻصɵ۲Ρ
ָɵ۲κҹɵҲܳͣˡ컯־Զ֮еĵɵ۾ų⡣

ӰɵۣӻԪռ併졣
ԸųӰɵֱɳǼԡ
Ӱϸ磡ԻȻӰɵۣ΢΢ЩϢˣ
ӰɵۣһֱڰﾰԲ̽Ͼ䡣
ţӰɵ۵˵ͷ
Щ꣬ڻԪռ䲻̽顣ΪмҲֻСĽСǰǲ̽Ͼ䡣ȷ֮ص죬뾰Լ˵¶ǴѶҲϢ©ɵ֪Ͼ𱻷֣ǿ϶ὫϾתƣпµֱɱϾ
ӰɵۣϢ΢΢ᡣ
Ͼ𣬱һСż֮ڡɵۣɵۿءӰɵûȾԼʣ˵
ɵۣɵǹСģȻרһɵϾЦһ˵Ӱϸǰȥ
ãͳºӦþͿԵִСżʱҽɵԸų㾡ɱɵۣڻԪ񼫶࣬Ǹ֮ˡɱҲɵ۵һ֡Ӱɵ۵ͷ
ãҾɱɵۣԵ
Դʱ֪ɵֹۣλɵۡʱԻڷ죬ɵңԶĻԪռԾԷһιǴξԵס˶ɵ۵Ĺ
뿪죬ŻԪǹϾСż˲Ƹȥ
ŵĻԪУһΪεСżڣϾ𣬶ڷڡ
űƿɵ۴̤룬ϴһɭЦݡ
СǣûУɵۿڶϾ˵
ңұһֱȥĴǰҲ˵ϻġҸˣ˵˵仰Ĵ˾ʹӦˡɵۿϾĿдŻ⡣
Ͼ俴Ŷɵۡ
СǱʶôǻӣӱǿ㣡ɵһۣһĵˡ
֮һֱûǿҲΪϾԼҪЮɵ۸ôϾɱɵҲɵ׷̵ڡԪУɵ۵ĻԪɵ۲٣ɵ۾֮һҲ֪ɵ۹ϾõģԲϾڱԼʱ


2840 
ɵƽʱºͣǷŭ൱¡
µɵۣһӰ쵽ļƻչһ׷Ź˭·Ҫ˭ɵһΪĿĲֶεˣֻҪﵽԤڡ
ɵ۽ϾĽΪľǣƾԣϾˣԻԭ򣬵ʱɵҪԲ˶ߡ
ηɵۣԶɵ۲̵ڡ
˵˵ˣ͹ȥϾ俴Ŷɵ۵
㡭ɵ۳ªոɭ
úúãƣһĴûôʱôֺúó谮㡣ɵվѹеͷŭ
߷ߵ뿪Ͼķ䡣
ɵ뿪֮ϾľʱһЩڶɵǰǿžԴġʵȻҲǿϾɵۡһɵۣ֪Ͼѹж
Ͼĵĺһ
֪һֶܼáϾ̾һ
̧ü㱡֪ԼԺеǸˣʱúòáϾ֪Աøؽ͸ûʲô˽ˡԱøߺֻԪռѰҳɾɵ۵ĻԵʵҲڻԪ׼ֻžԣٿԡ
ԪУ
ԸųѾܽӽСżˡӰɵ۶Ծ˵
ʱ˾ѺϾСżѾԶһ˲ƾͿɵִ
ǵˡԵͷѹļ
ţǶɵۣһֱСż֮ڡҪɵȳϾǿ²Ӳҵ뷨ǣȽɵСżֱӴ湥СżöɵʱơӰɵ˵
ҪƻһСżѶҲ൱ġԾԵƿСżⲻ󣬵ǾԶƿСżǶɵ۶Ȼ̾ܲʱһϾĻɾ޷ֹˡҾԺӰɵɵɵ۵ģǱɵǰпܴСżѵġ
Ӧˡ˵
Ըųšɵ۲ܲ̽õһ˵Сż󣬸źšӰɵ˵
ãô죡ֻǲ֪Ƕɵۻ᲻СżЩǡ
ԸųģǶɵƢ꣬Сż֮϶ܲˡһȷϸֻһ˵ʱ˳ɻҶսӰɵЦЦ˵
ãӰϸ磬ԼҲҪСһЩԵͷ˵
Ӱɵ˲ƵСżǰȴӰɵ۵ĴѶźš
Ӱɵ۾վСż֮⡣
Ӱɵһŭӿд
Сż֮ڵĶɵۣϾӰɵ۵ΪϾٴڶŭ𣬴ʱȻΪǻðˡ
Ļ˶ۣɵۿһ
߶鿴ż֮ɵҲȫûӵģڵСżΪΣѰʱǲ˳⸽ġͻȻ˵һⲻ顣
żĻ棬ʱڶɵ۵ǰɵۿһӰϸһϳӰɵۡ
֪Ͳ档ڣ̳ҸȫʬǡӰɵҲóˣ뼤ŭƢĶɵۣʲô¡
Ӱԭ㣡˶ܵĪ𣿡ɵۼӰɵ棬Ҳ΢΢һ
ȻӰɵۣǵ滹ˡɵҲ֪ӰɵǾɵۡɵ۵һġӰɵ֣ɵۡɵۻ᲻Ҳڣ
һ˵һϸ̽СżΧĽ̽鷶Χ󡣵ȻƺӰɵ֮ûбˡ
ƾҲ˵ģͱͷڹ꣬սһӰɵ۹һЦ˵
ɵ仯пٵһжϡӰɵ۵ʵҲǱȽ˽ġӰɵ͵ϮɱǿעĻ͵ϮǻıȽӦڵӰɵǾûл͵Ϯɵ۵ġ沫ɱĻɵ۾ԼӰɵ۸ǿһЩܳô˻ɵӰɵۣǴһʱ˵ĴһˣʹһԪ
᲻ɵ۾ÿԲǺܴû̽鵽˵ҲһӾҪɵ۵


2841 ɱ
ɵ֮սһҲʱͷֳʤ
ɵȻǷǳͣɵ۴඼вٱֶΣԶսо㲻УҲܶټһЩʱ䡣ɵ֮ʵ⼫ǱȽٵģԪɵɵ۱ϾǺٵġ
ԣɵ۶ԼǱȽŵģþ滹Ҳʱ㡣ܸɵӰɵۣɿɵǰλ
ˣɵ۵˼ĻĺûᡣټϱӰɵŭƽǳСż
ӰϹ㾹ҵ֪СżڣЩףΪҪɵ˵ʱڲ̽ܵĻԪռ䣬ûмųӰɵۡ
ʵɱΡգʶʶӰֶΡӰɵӰ΢΢Ťʧ
һĻɵһЦ֮ǰ֪Ӱɵǻ֮»淢ֲӰɵۡڣƳӰɵ۵ֶζȥˡ
Σɵһͺ
ˣתһƬռ䣬֮
ֿռУӰɵ۱˳
СҲڱǰӰϹɵӰɵۺжһ޲Ƕɵ۵ĵ۱ֽа
ɵۻŰ͵Ӱɵ۲˹ȥ
úãӰɵһХͬǼԼĵ۱ɵ۶Թ
Ӱɵ湥ɱϣȷʵ΢һЩ潻棬·ˡ
Ӱɵ۹ɱԼһЩɵдϲеĶһЩնɱӰɵ۵ϣ
ԸųӰɵ۳һοյʱԴźš
ңԶľԣӵӰɵ۵źţĿһ߶ʩչ˲ơ˲Ϣ֮䣬ǽٵСż
ɵȻڷ񹥻ӰɵۣǾԵĽ٣Ȼ̾Ͳˡ
ʲôɵۿͻȻٵӰ΢΢һ
ɣǾȻưңɵŭһ
Ϳ˵òɵʶԵġ
С㣡ɵۿԺһ䡣
򲨶ЩϤˣڷʱһɵڻԪйûӦþɵ۵깥ҡԵ󣬸Ӧɵ۵ĵȻ귨Լܵһָ
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ûֱؽɵۣǼ˻Ԫ챦ӵõǹã죬ɹˡڣѾԿƲԵС
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ֻͷʱԥһЩ룬ԼֱߣٽСżɱϾ𡣶ݵԥѵ߻ᡣ
ĳʱ˹Ԫ챦ҪɵۣҪӦҲΪ鷳ɵȻױסܵǣƵӰҲ⡣
һǣƵʱ䣬Ѿ㹻ˡ
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ȻʵεֵԵĹ
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վûܵסԵĵڶڶնڶɵ۵ϣɵ۵Ϣǿٵɢˣһ߲ȱ壬ڻԪƮһξ룬󽥽ֹ
ӰɵӰһ˶ɵ帽
ԸųɵѱɱˣӰɵ΢΢˵ԵЩ
Ȼ֪նɱѰɵ۵ʵǵۿһɵ۱նɱӰɵĳҡ
ɵ۰ԪռеĴڣվ޵ߣݺԪ޾£ô򵥵ıɵˣ


2842 ƿ
Կһ۶ɵ۵ʬ壬ЩС
ɵۣɱĵһԪɵۡǰľɵۡɵ۽֣Էδɡ
һ֣˻Ԫ챦ǱȽʺϾʹáɵ۶սԾ˵ѴǶԷٶ̫죬΢ϷֺԷ˲뿪ţں̶ܴӰ쵽Է
Ըųǰɵ۵ĵ۱ЩǶɵϵԴӰɵ۽ѾɱĶɵԴɨһ顣
һλɵ۵ңǾǷǳġɵɵ㲻ϸУɱϾɵۣһļֵͼ侪ˡ
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ѵ湥СżϾܿ뵽ˣֶƺֻһֿܣ˻ʲô湥ż
ϾϾ²⵽ʲôʱͻȻӦһ
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ԾԵߣȻǷǳϤʱӦһϤľԵ
ৣһ̣ԱǳϾǰ
Ͼһϲõı鿴Ͼ𣬼ϾȻҲͷˡ
ԡ㡭ϾȾԻҪࡣ
ΪⱲǲټˣû뵽ԾôͻȻǰ־ϲ޷ݣͺһ
Ըų˵زɾǻ뿪ɡӰɵҲ˽Ծ˵
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ϾСޣּˡӰɵ۶ϾЦЦ
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Сżɵ۵ģżɵ۵ӡżǿйƣɵȻ֪ܲ˭ģ϶֪żˡɵ۵ǻۣ뵽Եϡ
ϾǻȥһϾ֣űӰɵһͬ˲ƶȥ
Ӱɵ۴߶򣬱ϾܻԪʴΪڵϻΣϾܻԪӰ졣ȻˣϾϻгĿҩûӰɵ۵ⱣóĿҲֵܵԪʴ

ԪһӴļžż֮ڣɵ۵ɫø
϶Ǿˡɵ۸ӦϾżˣͨɵۣȴûõκλӦ
ǣ׶༪١ɵ۾öɵ۰˳Ѿˡ
ǱԤϵģҪһЩԭΪҵСż֮ǰϻȥġɵҡҡͷ
ɵۣǱӴԶżǣסˡżΪѰĻԪƬȹģԶżǱȻлԪƬڵġżǰûɵ۽ԻԪƬ϶ڡԪƬҪ
ʮ֮ߴɵ۸ѶϢѾϾص죬ʱܻٵħɽħߴɵۣѯɵ۸Ӧԡ
ЩɵµһֱڵֵŸ֮ŵ֮żҪƻ֮еħɵµɵ۾ƴĵֵʱգ֮ŵĳԱûܳɹƻκһħɵµȷʵҲǷǳǿڸ֮ŵɵδعʱҲѹơ
ȻҲ뾰һֱûֹйءоֱӼսȻͻòһǰһֱΪϾɵͶϾ𱻾ȻأǲҪɵǱߵв
ֵɣʵڲУʱһȥ˵ɵ۸ߴɵ۴Ѷ
ǣߴɵæӦ
ߴɵҲɳһΪʵЩη徰ˡҲ֪ˣɵѾھԵУԵÿһγ֣֤ǿޱȵսߴɵۣɲԼھԵϣɵ뾰ģӲͷƤҲϡɵ۵˼ǣʵڵסͷࡣ
ϾصľԣҲû̾ȥݻħɽΪϾкܶɻҪ𡣱磬ԱøôصԪռġ


2843 ¶
ԽԼľϾһ顣
ϾҲǸпǧ
û뵽øԾ㲻Ƕ⣬磬ԭΪĥ㰡Ͼһ˫ƯžԵ
ǰһֱΪøǹ辰ԣӾԱ¦һ̣¦Ͳĺ⡣Ԫռ䣬ŽΪɵ㹻ʵ¦
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ϾһΪﵽΣǶɵ۵ʵ˱Ƚ֪Ϊˣ˵ͻɱ˶ɵۣŻ¶𾪵ı顣

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ԣ˵ģƻħӰ쵽Ĵ˵ļƻĴ˹󣬶ɱ㡣ǿҲǿĴˡ㣬ΪʲôһҪߴɵ۲ԣҲֻͶӰв䡣
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2844 
ħɽڵū޵ػɣǶԾǸм㣬ǧл֮󽥽ɢȥ
޵뿪󣬾ԲŽħڲħУ貣ǵص
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ھԳ֮ǰôʱ֮ŵĳԱûܻٵκһħԸһ֣ڼ̵ʱڻٵħťϲõúܡ
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ڣɵۣӣȷʵǱɵ۲ٿء򣬲ܵסҵĹɱɵۺ˵
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ɵһ־Ǽɵ۵Ȼ˿⣬ȫĴ߶򣬵ֵɵ۵ļ


2845 
ߴɵ۵˽߾ȫֵɵ۵Ĺ
ǿ󣬵Ҳܹλɵ۵֡ˣߴɵ۵Ҳд
һмǹ͡һˣǶסɱɵ˵
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ʲô⡭Ȼģľɵ۵
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һУɱɵ۶ɵ۾նһɱɵ۵ĵ۱ʥоŸͭô˵۱Եʱͬʱһܹл֡
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ţӦǰȫˡ
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ɵ۶û˵ǵжǶˡ⴫ȥ֪˻ôЦǼء

Դͷ֮ŵĳԱϡһħݻ١Уû̫ܵǿĵֵɵµɵۼԱû¶¶棬ҲӰʹв䡣
ʱ䣬ħȫݻٵˡɵµĳԱҲѡ伣ЩԪɵۣҲڻԪռ䲻
ɹٵ˾ħ֮ťųҲרŰ칦硣ԵĹͣġ˵ûоԣǾħͺѱƻťɵԶ֣Ҳȡʲôչ
ֵܣܹٵħӹΰǣøл㣡ťųԾԵ
ųˣҲӦġҡҡͷ
Ըųɱǫ飬㣬ĲôȡôĳɹɵϴЦݣάԡ
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ʵû㹻ǿʵɵˣ۶࿴һۡ
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Ըųͼų쵼֮£ɵˣ¶ˡɵǷ׷׿ڡ
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һ仰óеһӰɵǣһ
ɵ۵ȻǼ主еģѰԴԼǶԵ۱ͻԪ챦ɾͲôˡһЩɵֻۣһ۱жģҲǿüأĻóˣ
ǺǡťųεЦһ
ղԾ˵ʲôʵ˵仰ڿ˷֮ھô˵ˡȻû뵽Ի治


2846 ԪƬ
ťųЩڣ˵ȥĻջ
ťɵ۱Ǽӵˣʱ򣬵ôɵ۵棬͸ԼԼˡ
ųǲ˺ΪѰԿťɵۣ
ΪѣΪѣťɵһ֣ĵ
ֵܣ۱ͻԪ챦ǼȺĶһЩϹż֮УҲδشڻԪ챦ɵۣĻԪ챦Ҳ̫ࡣɵۣԲԣťɵۿװɵɵۡ
ǣҵĻԪ챦Ҳ٣١ɵͷ
ǰ뾰Ǵν֣ʧˣǺƿڵͷ֪ҪʱɶԴָܻǽħҲ޸Ҳѣ͸ǲҪˡ
ťų˵Ҳǡ˰ˣҾͲҪˣԺлԼҰɣҡҡͷ˵
ֵ⻰ɾͲˣȻ˵Ԫ챦ȺǾֵΪԪ˹ͣΪ֮ŵųôܹûбʾأťųɵ˵ʵвܴ
һҧֵܣһ͸ˡ
˵ţťų֣һζʱ֡ʣťɵóΣȷʵǻԪ챦˹ƵĺۼòϾǴﵽԪ챦ˡ
ֻǣ̫ˣʱȻû̿ȥҲŮԴĳȹӡ
ֵܣǧӰɴⱦһԵɺ֮µõġ
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֮Ŀռ䶼ʵģԾǶɵۣҲһЧ
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ȻˣǧӰɴ̫ޣ̫ʺ˴Ǿֵ㣬һλսϾԽǧӰɴ͸̫ˡťɵһЦ
ťɵ۽ǧӰɴ󣬾ԶҲǶһЩȤťɵ˵ûǧӰɴȷʵʺϾϾûдﵽɵۼɵʱûԱ֮ǧӰɴĻϾһĵɵһЩֶΡ
лťų̽ӹǧӰɴ
ǧӰɴťɵҲ΢΢ɳһҲǵģԲҪǧӰɴҪһԪ챦ǧӰɴõʱ䲻ˣΪʺԼʹãԾһֱԼĿռ䷨֮ڡ
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Ŷ¶Цݡ
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һԪƬԸųɱСⶫļֵԲѰԪ챦֮¡ɵ˵
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ɵۣҲɵóĻԪƬťɵۣЩȡ
ԶԻԪƬȫİ磬¦һϸԪ͵ĻԪƬΪٳġ
ԣԪƬԸųڵϻɵۼƬǶо޴ò˶ãͿɳɾ͵ɵۡɵ۽еĻԪƬݸԡ
ллϸ磬˵ȽСڿȫô£ԲŰԽӹԪƬ˳ɵһ䡣
ԵĿޣɵʱ̵ĺáתһ룬һۣһԪƬͻԵһޣƺ̫ˡɵƤһ󼱶ԼǲЩ
ťųϸ磬Ѿʾˡʲôλǰ֡תĿڳɵۡ


2847 ڰ׶ɫ
ڳɵȫһ顣
ųˣͻȻһҪҪ̴Ҿһˡһɵ̧ţ˾ͱ˴
ѽҽӵѶҵϻض
ųųұǸҲµǰˡ

ɵǣѡ˿ɵۣȷʵҲòĻԪ챦͸ԡʱߣʱ
תۼ䣬ڱֻʣȼˡ
⡭ߵҲ̫ˡҡҡͷЦ
ǱŵˡɵЦ
αˣÿ졣ֵܣҲ⣬ԺлҰ㲹ťɵ۶ԾЦ
úãô˵ˡǺ
ťɵһ㶣ɫ˱䣬޲ԼƣԼΪʲôҪ˵ǿ⾰ɵۣͲÿװ
١ťɵ۸Цһ
ʣµļˣֳԺһĻԪռڵĴȻɢȥˡԺɵۣǷ죬ɵ츽ĻԪҲһ
ڹ;УԺɵ˻ǾԵļ磬ҲɵûԪٳĻ硣Եı壬ڻڣһҲûȥ̽£ڻԪռľԷҲܸӦõ뷨֮䣬żϵġڵ۷ΣͬҲǲʹﵽ۷Ρ
صɳǡ
ϾԸջ㽫Ͼ˹
һĻԪʺáԽǧӰɴݸϾ
·ƯϾ𿴵ϼתǧӰɴһϲ
ʵǧӰɴƯҲһܸˣΪǾ͸ġ
ϿЦ˵
ϾҲŤֱӾھǰǧӰɴϡϾǧӰɴ֮󣬾ҲɿЩʧϾ𱾾ͼǧӰɴӳ˼
·ԣʲôϾܿͷǧӰɴ
ǧӰɴ֮ǰģⱦﲻʺԴťɵȻҲȥϾ͸ȥѾǧӰɴˡǾ򵥵ܷӳǧӰɴ
ǻԪ챦ťɵ͵ġ˵
ǧӰɴ͸Ͼ𣬾ϾһᣬϾ뿪Եķ䣬ҪȥǧӰɴҲ˵ˣⱦԲʹã̫ˣϾҲȻǧӰɴ
ȡǿɵеõĻԪƬҪúоһ»ԪƬ䵽ʲô֮
ԵһӴԪƬʶ΢΢һ𡣶󣬾ԱǿԼһֵĳ֮ڡ
ԼϷһƬɫ·һƬɫڣֻɫʴڡȻֻɫʣȻܹоϵĲɣϢ
ǡƬ̺󣬾Ծһ
ϷɫʱƺһЩ
һ˿ϤС
ԣûˣоеǻԪռ䡣ͺǡڻԪ֮ۿԪһԶϷİɫϸĹ۲졣
УȻ֣ǰɫɡЩƣûκԣԪеĵƺûκιǣЩûκԵƣȴһּصĸо·ÿһƣ̺ЩƣԾ˵Ҳ޾ȫУ˶һ걻ϴӵĹо
Ҳ֪˶ãԸоһʹѹŷԼľ񼫶ȵƣ롣
һ鿴Լ塣
£
ǹ۲ЩƣȻҵ˾޴Ǵʹתҵǻܵ˰ɡԾҡҡͷ
Ҫ֪Եɵһģ壬޷Թ۲Щơɴ˿ɼЩжô¡
һ˳˻ԪƬռ䣬ǰָϤľԼķ֮ڡ
ţҵ嶼ǻԪƬռ䣬ֻʶ룿Ҳ޷ֱó
ϸĻһᣬȻ޷ȷԱʱ¡ȡһЩָԴ̷ĵȻָ
֮󣬾ٴηųԪƬӴϴһ˲Ϣֿ˺ڰɫʵ³һΣûпͷİɫǿ·ĺɫ
֮󣬾ü
ǹŹ֣
ɫɫӦǶԵȵĶɫİɫɣɫӦҲˡǣҹ۲ôãһɫƶûܿü˼
ٿɫ̧ͷ
ܿģֿİɫƣٴβĳС


2848 µķ
·ɫͷϷɫɳС
ϴξһ޷֪ʱУһҴʹԾ˹ϵƣ룬ʱ糱ˮһӿ
һ̣˳ԪƬռ䣬æһЩĵҩԴָ
̫ˣ̲ס̾
һι۲ɫ򣬱ȵһεǶһЩ֪
ԪƬصĺڰ׶ɫӦþĳֵơֵƣǻԪġƵȣӦĸһĴڡһеݻԴͷڴˡ۲ǰɫ򻹺ãɫȴҲ֪ʲôԭ򡣡԰ĥš
ⶫԵɵӦöдôŶԣҲ֪ɵΪԸ⽫͸ҡңǱһ۱߻Ԫ챦ԪƬҶῼǡҲΪɵۻὫԪƬ͸Լ
ڶԷ֪ԪƬֿ֮ԣӦǲڵġǵãɵͻԪƬԼʱڳɵ۶¶۲ɫťɵ۶ˡ˵ЩɵԪƬµġ
ôˣҽͱչоԪƬɡҡҡͷԺеȫעĻָԼ
ʱȻš
žԶԻԪƬо룬ԽԽĶУҲ˲ٴƺγɾ͵ɵۣǰһƬģˡ
ֻǣֶоҲԴļ侪ˡصԴٶȼֱЩˡ
ԴϵģҲ̫ں˵ǰԴ͵ϴλɱɵۻȡԴ㹻ˡ񣬾ڻԪҲһԴȱ٣ҲñԴɵ۶һ
һϵͻԱȽϲãǻ֮֮ǾԼںϳķ֮ǰҲϣΪԻԪƬռоҵµķ򣬼֮ܵķ
Ϊ֮ΪʱҲԼﵽɵۼ
֮ڵϵѾ֮ǰͷˡڵľԣֿڵϼȥֻҪǰ·ߣԾ˵ǾõϢ

ԪռһԶżڣɵ۽üͷһͻȻչ
ţϱ¶Цݣ˫Ŀ֮

ҵˣɵһЦ
ҿɵ۳ͺ
ĵͺڣһޱǿ˳
ˣƵżռࡣ
Կɵǿ֮£żڶɽʼɽ֮ƵİҲ֮õࡣ
ɵ͵һ̤ǰȥӰոһ֮д׹ƾճ̺֡Ż֮׹⣬ɵϺ¡
ɵɫ΢أϵȴǽڽ帽һƬҫĿĹγſ
ǧڹ֮ϣ޷͸޷赲ɵ۵ĽŲ
ת˲䣬ɵ۾ͳ嵽һɫɽ֮ǰ
ƣɵۣźɫɽ͵ĺһȭ
ȭͷǰαһ޴Ĺһǣźɫɽײȥ
䣡
һضɽǺɫɽҵʯ¡
ţɵ۵ڶȭȭ¡Զżڲɵʮȭ֮󣬺ɫɽǳױˡźɫɽǧ֮ڿռʧˡ
ɵۣٴδЦ
ѾһԪȻ㵲ס˳ʮʱ䡣ûɵʮ֮ǰͽżĿ꣬ż֮ڵĻԪƬڽżǰڣһж˳ɵܸоԼԪƬԽԽʮǰԪȻ֮ǰ޷ǰˡ
ĻԪײУɵۣڲҲܳʱͣ
ɵۣкܴİȷԪƬԪȻ֮ڡõԪƬ͵ƵȻ󡣿ٵһԪȻ󣬼ɵۣҲǺԣķʮʱ䣬ۣȻǿͻƵ֮ǰִݻۡǺɫɽ壬ȻԪۡ
۱ݻ٣ǧȻҲʧˡ
ɵ۵͸ƬȻΧ͸̽顣
ûķѶʱ䣬յʱ䣬ͷһ񼤵ĻԪƬ
ҳɣɵֱһӣ嫵ӿ·ĵ棬ʱֽһ㱻ײе˺ѿ
ֻʱ䣬Ͼͳһ޴϶һɽѡ


2849 Ǭһ
ɵ۵Ŀ⣬޴϶ִ
ǣٴӿ˳ŷ϶һʯק˳ɫĿʯϣĿն
һԪƬ
һǳĻԪƬ
ɵ͸ԵĻԪƬֻͷ­ô󣬶鱻ɵõոյĻԪƬȴĥô󡣿ԪƬɵҲ̲ס¶Цݡ
õʮʱ䣡еĻҪһЩɵ۵
ԪƬԪƬϿܽӽڹģȴкܴмӴƬҲмһĻԪƬԽĻԪƬֵԽߣôҲԽɵ͸ԵĻԪƬʵͲСˣһԪƬ̫󡣻ԪƬγɣǻԪͱ𣬻ԪԴľʡĥôĻԪƬǼȺġ
ɵ۽޴ĻԪƬ
һϹżڣܻıԴɵĿǻԪƬʱõԪƬҲû˼ڴ˵˷ʱˡΣͨĻԪ챦Ҳ̫ģһЩĻԪ챦Ȥ
ԣ׼żػԪǱˡ
ﱸãķѼĴۣھ֮нħѱƻһУΪǸԡλȥŹԡ
ûħҲûϵڵõԪƬǰõƬ㹻ʹˡûħһ򡣡
ȻоԵСһﾹԣҾԲܣ׵ķŹҲκģΪеˣ˭ɵ۰졣
컯֮󣬺Ǻǡ컯ɵۣΣȫ϶컯Ԫ񣬲ԭʼƶѣɵЦ
컯ɵȫһĴڣɵ۶ҲûپηǣԼ컯֮󣬱Ҫλ컯ɵ󣬵ʱԪ֪˭ǻԪף˭ǻԪˣ

죬ɳǣ
ӾԵõԪƬʱǲʮꡣʮԾʱ䶼оԪƬ԰ɫĵƣ˽ԽԽ롣ûܹɵۼ
Ի֮Ĳ͸Ǽ󡣾Լͨɴ죬һµķһʩչӰ̺硣һУɱǿᣬзǳֲѹܡԸһȡµ֣Ǭһ
Ҳר֤Ǭһܣ΢ֻͨ߶ǬһܶѰɵɲСв˵ܹԵľ磬Եɵγв⣬Ƿǳ˾һ¡
ֻǬһǴ˳ԾԶԶơǬһԵñȽϴֲڡھԿܽǬһƵò࣬Ǿϣսл˵ɵˣǬһĹֶΡȻԽǵ棬ѶȾԽǰԾʹǬһĳΣȻȥҲһѡ
ܵõĻԪƬͺˡ
ԪƬڵĵƣǲȱģԵЩΡ
ǵڶԻԪƬоԲܴǬһ
֮߰ǰԾͲԪƬڵĵǲȱˡǲȱĵƣҲ㹻ȥкܾúܾˡÿһɫƣ̺ź̺һݡ
ҲȥһЩż̽һ̽ɵ۵ʵӦҲܽż˰ɡѰ˼ȥ̽żͷ
ȻҪȥ̽ż͵ȷż񱻷ֵż϶̽ˣѾûʲôֵҪдջ񣬾͵ԼȥµżһԽǹϵĴżֵͻԽһЩǣżڻԪռҲױˣ÷ֵĶͱˡֻнǻԪܷµԶżһͲ֪ҪķѶʱˡ

ɵۣɱӻԪ
Ĵ˹ˣ
Ĵˣոնҷټҵ̳ȥĴˡ
Ĵˡ̫ˣǡڿԸˣ

Ԫռ䣬ŵһɵۣ׷׶ЩɵۣɵµĳԱǲͬʱõɵ۵ٻɵۣǰȥ
ߴɵ۵ˣһ˷ܡʮǹúѹ֡ΪԵĴڣڻԪռ䶼¶ˣ˵ǣһֱڵɵ۴ӻԪڣɵǻˡ
ԪУһżĳɵĶ֮ڣߴɵ۵˶


2850 ӷ쿪ʼ
żĶ˱ɵۡ
ʱɵڴϷһ֮ϡ
ĴˣɵۣһҪľɵۼ
ɵʾ֮ɵǲŸҵλС¡ɵ½ڵԱΪɵµɵǣǵסɵҲֽԶñȽϿñȽ
ɵۣŮʹƣִɵá
֮󣬾ۼɵۣǴﵽ˶ʮλ֮ࡣ
ʱɵۿˣλͬ
ɵڵɵǣ㶼Σϸš
ʮʱ䣬ڻԪΪһҪ鱻ǣסˡҲˣҴһЩ顣ɵ۵
˵ʮ꣬Ԫжһ֮ŵ֯ɵ̧ü
ˣĴˣ֮ŴԼھʮʱġťɵۣǸ֮ŵų֮ŵĹ㣬ťų֮⣬λųֱɵۡɵۺ;ɵۡоɵΪɵۣսޱȾˣѰɵ俹⡣һɵվɵ
ǺǣҲû뵽ťգƺǰ˲٣ǣǰɥ֮ȮһˡɵЦһ֮У͸Ȼɱ⡣
ĴˣťȷʵǸǣͷŪʲô֮ţǾеħ͸깤ˣֻŴ˻ˡߴɵҲվӹ˵
Ĵˣʵ֮вťյˣɵ۾ԡսʽ򵥣Чʾˣ֣һСĿһоͻᱻնɱΪˣǲûܵס֮ţûֹƻħľɵ۶ԾԵĺǳǿңھϣɵ۳Ūԡ
ľ˵û⾰вȷʵģťɵ۶ťյʵȻҲٻİ취ǶԾԣѰֶθ޷Чһɵ۵ͷ
ĴˣɵѾھСߴɵ۵
ţѾ֪ˡɵ۵ͷӦѺϾСżƵʱɵ۾֪ɵ۰˳ѾˣҪȻɵ۲ܲ¡
ԣһСɵ۾˵
ĴˣҲãħزסһɵһı
ɵۿ˿ɵۡ
ҡҡͷ
вûסħҲǣҲǵĴԵĳ֣ȷʵЩֲˣһڵԪ֮УܳɾɵۣҲȷʵ˷˼ø¦ҾͲ뵽¦⣬ҵʱҲûΪ˳ɾɵ۵Ŀж󡣡
û뵽ɵ̾һ
Ĵˣô죿ħԱݻ٣½죬ǿҪһʮʱ䡣Ԫλ컯ɵҲ֪ʲôʱ컯ɵ۹Ҳǽħ򡣡һɵ˵
ȫһλɵۣʱӦ޷ġɵЦЦ
򣬾ûħҲûˡɵ˵ħҵıѡʽˡһʼҲûнȫϣħܹ档
ĴӢɵǶһ
ɵһ֣ɵ۵Ĺά
ˣڣǾͳǰ졣˵ԾǴӷĶ԰ɣôǾʹӷ쿪ʼɣɵվ
ɵۣҲվ
ǣһͬǰ졣ɵ۵
ǣ˶Ӧ
ɵۣŶʮɵۣ˶λ˲˹ȥ
֮һȺɵ۱ǵ˷֮⡣ɵ۵ˣҲûͨڵ򣬶ֱӴӻԪռڣݴƣȻӻڽ뵽֮ڡ
ʮɵͬʱ뷨죬ʱ֮еǿǣ˲Ӧ˵Ļңһ¶ݡ
ʲôˣ
ô˾ҵĲ
ѵɵ۽ˣ
԰ɵ۽Ҳ˶
ҵȥ׳ʲô飡
֮еһȺǿߣһʱ֪쳣׷׳Ҫһ̽
Ҳ̶Ĺߡʱֱһ㣬ԲҪʲô顣ɵ۽٣͸ҪˣŪɵΪҪٷ졣ȽСѰǺٻɵ۽ٵġ


2851 
ɵ۵ˣֱӵִ﷨㳡
𱮺Ĵڹ㳡ϡ
ɣǺǣȫɵ۵ӡأɵ۵˵Ŀ⿴
컯ɵȫ͵ġ
ಡ
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ǡ
㳡ϿյӰɫ䡣ЩˣȻͨ޵ߣżϢƺԶɵۣԪеĴڡ
ˣҷ죬Ϊôɵ۴˽٣ֻԼ˼סˡ
ηѲ֪ˣ֮У֪ɵ۽ĴָҲ˵Ѱʱڷһɵ۶Ǽġڣȴжʮҵɵǣʲô飿
ˣҲˡҲһЩʵϵ͵𣬿ܻûϿյĴڶɵۣǻȺȥİ޵ʲô
λɵ۴ˣǰɵ۵˼
ɵۿԶԶĿţŪЩɵ۴Ϊˡ
Ǻˣɵۿʵ
СǷãĴˡɵ۹˵
ȻʶңɵЦ
СҼĴӰ񣬼˵
ɵۣʶɵۣʶġ
ĴˣǾԹϵǳءߴɵб˵
ǺǣҲǡԣǴ߳ȥ𣿼Ȼˣɱ˰ɣɵ˵
ɱһԳ֡
ʲôһ㶣㵵ɵۡ
ɣߴɵһ̧֣һָ
ǵסԪɵ۵һֻüһܶǱߴɵһָСһ׵ı㽫ȫˡû뵽ȺԪڻͻȻԼ֣
𿴵һĻŵȫһ£׷ɢ
һȺͻȻڷĴڣɱǰŵòᡣڣҲ˲ȺµĴҪʲôˣӶԷо϶ʲô¡
ˣ
ô죿ô죿
ȺˣǻԪɵ۰ɣҪԷʲô
ʧǣȫû⡣

ɵֱһӣԪƬȡ˳ԪƬһĿ飬ǿɵŻõĥôĻԪƬĿƬһ顣
ĴˣҪʲô𣿡һɵĵɵʵ
ʲôһԿžǡЩԪƬҲ̫ʱ䡣ɵ˵
£Ӱ㶯
ֻӰƬռÿһռڱһЩǿķ֮۵ơԽԽ࣬һ޴Ĺͼͼ֮Уĸڵ㽥
ԼĪ˲ʱʱ䣬ɵֹͣ΢΢һĿԪƬƶͼĸڵλá
䣡
ˣԪƬλ֮𶯡
𶯿ɲһƬ֮ڣǲ򡣽ţ֮ڵķ֮ӿ֮ⷨľݶ޷֮Ƕ͸֮⡣
ɵʱ۾ۣͨͼĺ͸ȥģҪ֮ĽӴ򣬾֮ġ
ǰɵ۽ħҲΪ˷֮ĽнӴħٵˣûԪƬΪһͼﵽ֮ĽӴĿġڻԪƬͼ֮£֮޷ˡ
ԭ֮ľͺҹеһڵ㣬ɵۣҲҵ֮ڡڣ֮ȴǱ˺ҹеһյƹ⡣˵ɵۣͨĵɵۣӦöҵ֮ˡ
ıʣ޵߶ˡĩһľÿһ˶彻ӡ
ҵˣ֮ɵ۱Ƿ֮ġ
ǺǣڡȫһɶˣҲ޷ңɵ۵˫Ŀ֮У貵ǰδеҫĿ
ԪռС
ˣˣ
ɵۣȻѾӻԪˡ죡
ģħѾݻ٣ô򣿡
ҵťų
뷨첻ǺңԶһλɵۣȷ˷΢һ֪̽˺¡
ɵۣйɵۣҲһ֮ŵɵۡ
ťųɵѶťų


2852 һ
Ԫռ̫󣬵ûУԱɵʹ÷໥䴫ѶҲķǳ
ɵ۸ťɵ۴Ѷťɵ۵Ǻܿ͸˻Ӧ
ֵܣ£ťɵʵ
ųɵۻˡɵ۳˵
ʲôťɵһ
Ȼ֪ɵ۳ӻԪżڹǴʱ֪ɵĻˣťɵȻľɵ۽ֹ֪ɵ۵ʵжôֲɵۣڻǻһֽŵ
ʲôʱģťɵæʵ
ҲӦҲʱɣҪȻǲûеõκϢҲ룬ɵǸոջټɵ۵˷졣ɵ˵
ųڲɵۺʱʱɵۣƺ졣ŴԼʮɵۣʱڷڡ죬ڷ䡣ɵ
죿
ôܣħԱݻٵˡɵۣ򣿾½ħҲǶʱɵİɣťɵ΢΢һ㶵
ɵƺҪħ֮ͨģбİ취ťųǵþ취ֹɵ۰ɵ˵
ţ֪ˡֵܣڷ츽۲죬ϵˡťɵ˵
ǣɵӦ
ťɵж빢ɵ۴Ѷ֮󣬱̴Ѷɵۡɵۺͱɵλųťɵۣλų̵ĶۼͬʱҲ֪֮ͨŵĳԱ
Դǵɵ۵ĶҹɵҲ
׸磬ɵۻˡһɵۣͿ˵
ťɵ۴ѶʱѾǼ˵ɵ۹
ţԣ̳ťųǻϡɵ۵ͷ
Ҳһȥɣҹɵۿ˿˵
ҹ£ûм֮ţͱȥˡɵۿҹɵۡ
ҹ½㣬׸˵ûûҪңҲҪػһ£¾鷳ҹ½ˡҲڶҹɵ۵
ǰǳƺҹΪǰģҹ²ϲԶĳƺԾԱĿںҹ½ˡ
ҹɵ룬ͷӦ
Ժɵ̶ťɵ۵Ķȥ
ӽһʱťɵ۶ʮ֮ųԱۼһЩԱΪ̫Զʱ޷ϵ
ų;Ըųˡ
Ժ˵ִʱѾвʮɵ۵ˡ˽붴ɵ۶Ĵк
ԺҲЩɵʺ
ֵܺ;ֵѾˣǸϽһһ¶Բߡťųһصı˵
ӽһʱɵѾθѶɵۣѾٷְȷɵ۾죬ٶȾˡɵƲ⣬ڵٶȣɵƿطҪ˶ʱ䡣
˶֪̬Զ
ųɵǺʱģɵȿʵ
Ӧһ֮ǰɵ۸մӻԪԶżȥ˷졣ťų˵
ɵ죿Կڡ
ԣֵһֱǱ߼ӣڸղţֵܻҴѶ㱨ɵ۵ȡťųͷ
ħ٣ɵʲô취֮ĵģɵüתʵ
ֵ˵Լһ޴ͼͼڣдԪƬΪͼΪɵǽ˻ԪƬ룬Ǵݻħʱû⵽ɵƴֵȷʵЩɵ򣬲һҪͨħťų˿
ô죿ֱɱ죿ɵʱʵ
ƴɵǱ߰ɵĵɵ£ʱۼıжʮλɵ֪ۡɵӦûиɵֻۣڻûиˮ档
Ҳܾɵ۽һֱɵ۴ɤ˵
ťųʲô뷨ɵۿťųʵ
ɵۣҲťųťɵۣǸ֮ŵ䡣Ҫǵťɵ⡣
ťɵ۳Ƭ̲ſ˵Ƕɵһɹˣƿ컯ʱûˡλ컯ɵ۲ڣֹֻܿɵۡ
ų˵û
ԣΣǶֹ
ֹܲ˭˵׼ҪԿ
ɵۣǾӦһɵۣܾܲΪɵʢЩɵ۾ͱסҳͷˡ
ťų˵ôǾôˡҲ̬˵


2853 Ϊо
ťɵ۾ɵǰֹɵۼ³Ա
δִĸ֮ųԱһһĴѶǣֱǰ˻ϼɡ
ʮɵۣťɵ۶˲ǰλڡһ˳ڰ֮ɵִ﷨
պ
ɵۼɵۣѾһµʱ䡣
ʱڣͻȻһƬɫӿ֡Ľɫųֺȫӿɵ۵塣ɵյĽɫԽԽ࣬ɵ۵ʣ˱仯
̣˼ʱ䣬ԽɫȫɵգҲ֮ƽԭҫǿҹεͼð
ɵ۵ǣֳЦ⣬һ֣ĽͼɢǼ鼫ΪҪĻԪƬ
ϲĴˣ
ϲĴ˳ɹ죡
Ĵˣҫϣ
һȺɵۣɵ۹ء
ûɵѾɹĽһµʱ䡣һ£ǽһʱɵۣѾȫƷ졣һУɵ۵ƿ֮£Ͳ̿֪һС
ԵƿػʱҲһĸоһԪһȣǾ΢ˣ
ңɵ֮ԴҲǵõ˲µɵǿɵۣһµĸоǲҪɵ۳֣֪ɵ۵ʵǰøӴˡ
ֻǿʼ
аһһһɵ۵Į˵
Ĵˣôǰһأߴɵ̾ͳֺõʵ
ţȥ뷨ɣӽԶһ·ȥǡȥһ֮ǰһСµôɵͻȻ̧ͷĿ⣬ݣ˻Ԫռ䡣
ͨ۲취ĹɵۣͻȻһֻоȫһ䣬ƺɵ۵
ûκԥɵ̴Ѷťų
ųɵۼٵĴѶ
ڻԪи·ťɵۣӵ˹ɵ۵ĴѶʾʱͣһȡ
ִֵѶˣʷǱߵťų˽һ䡣
ɵ۶ͷҿťų
ֵܣǱˣťųѶʵ
ųƺѾɵڵɵۣȫƿط򡣡ɵۼæ˵
ʲôô֮죿⡭Žһµʱ䡣ťųһ˵
ųҵ뿪ҸоƺѾɵ۷ˡɵЩţɵ۵ǱԼͺڶһ㡣
ãģȷʵˡɵ۽˵һ䡣
ʱĹɵۣѾ۵ɵ۵Ƴ죬Լصλýӽ
ɵ۵仰ťɵɫ֮һ䣬˵ùɵ뿪͸ӦɵѾԼж˴Ѷ
츽Ĺɵۣûʱťɵ۴ѶִѶ׼˲ߡ
ǺǣߣɵЦһ
żңԶľ룬ɵ۶Źɵڵңңһָ
һɿֲ˲ڻԪд֪Զ˹ɵ۸
ɵ۴߶ʩչ˲ǣӰոȥ漴ͷ·ײͭǽ֮ϡռ֮ڣһƬɫ״ҫ⣬ɵ۵ӰҲٴ˳
ɵɫɷףЩµĿܡ֣ԼѾһŽɫ֮ڡɫԼͲ˲Ƴȥ
ģɵ۾ŭӡ
ȡԼĵ۱תǿݺݵĻɫڹɵ۵֮£ɫŤɵ۵һûܹɫƿ
ޣ𣿡ɵ۵ƵĴ
ɵתĿʱ򣬱Ѿɵ۵˸Ѿûлٹɫˡ
ġɵۣɵۿɵۡ
ɵۺ󷽣һӰӰҲͨ˲Ƶִɵһ¶Ц鿴Źɵۡ
ޣΪڷڵңҾһֱûз𣿡ɵϷʵŹɵۡ
û㣬ֻΪæѡ
һЩӦóûɱ֮ǰ뿪ǵȵҳɹڣѾˡɵ۵ҡҡͷ˵
ޣΪе³ֻһǾɵɱȻȻ赭дͺ˵һѰ΢С¡
ȻɵȴǾɱҪԼĹͷˡ


2854 ĵʵ
ɵֻɱ̹ǣ˼άʱҲԻҡ
ҲǣڻԪռУûɵ۵ʱ̹Ȼ֮οɵۻҪɱ
Լô죿Լô죿
ťɵȣťɵʵޣҲȣǾ͸ˣ
Ĵˣʰްɣɵһɵվɵ˵
ɵۿ˺һۣҡҡͷ˵һɵ۵ĻԳֽɣҲܽʡٵʱ䡣
һ֮ǰڷڣɵҪûԳֵģߴɵɱԵǹɵۣҪˣǾɱһɵۣҲֵĳһˡ
ɵ˵սɵ۱˲˵
ôޣɣɵ۵Ļ£ǧʱֲֶڻԪзڡ
ɵȻɵۣɵҪնɱԼʱҲ¾ҪԱһµġɵ۳Լĵ۱򼤷ޣɵ۵ѹ
ɵ۵Į˵֣ƺ嫵һŹɵϮɱȥ
ɵȫʹͽֵɵ۵Ĺ
һ֮󣬹ɵ۵ķ֧顣֮󣬹ɵ۱Ǳ˱ԴƼǺתˣҹɵ۾˵˲ԴԲŴɵ۾䡣֮󣬹ɵɡ
ɵۣԼĵ۱ûã
һҲûءɵۿһѲĹɵʬ壬Ŀ˵
µȺɵۣĳȣĴˣʵ̫ǿˣ
ֱһУɵ۵ĵ۱˹˿ɵ۵ĵ۱ҡҡͷƺǿ۵ӡ
۱һԸԼһɵۡ
лĴʹͣɵһϲæɵ۵л
ǰһҪ굽ʱ䣬ȫɵ˵ţӰ΢΢һ
µɵۣȥ
ԪĳťɵۿԼĴѶ
ťųֵˣɵ̧Ŀťɵ۳ʵ
ťɵתĿɵۣɫصҡҡͷ
ֵ˵Լɵ۷֣ȻжͨѶֶθѶûκλӦˡťɵۿ˵
ɵ۵ˣͷ΢΢һ⣬ɲǺͷ
ֻ£ɵѾɵ۴˼ǹɵۿѾ׶༪ˡ
ҲһѵˣֻʱûܻӦťųʯɵ۵
ô˵ԼҲɵ۶ˡɵۣҲǲĿɵѵˣӦӿ͸ťųѶŶԡ
λӦѾɵˡťų˵һ䡣
Ҳ̫ˣһ¶ѣһ򡣰ٶûֹĻǲ꣬ȫ𣿡ֱɵü
ɵ˷֮һ϶ǰҾãӦûȥ뷨ĴťųֱȥɣԿ˵
Ըų˵û
Ǿֱȥ򣿡
ֻǣǾ㵽˴ֹܹɵ𣿡
ɵǣͷ쳣ĳء
ɣĿ꣬򣡡ťų
ˣŴȥ
֮ťɵ۵һˣִﴨ֮ĻԪСңԶǾ͸֪˴򣬶ɢ˵֪쳣ťɵ۵ףɵ۵˴ʱȷʵڴ֮ڣ
ڴ⣬ͣ
ų֮ųԱɡɵ˵
ԣ˶һЩֹɵ۵İҲһЩɵ۵ͷҲ˵
ѸųԱڶʲôλˣǵִԼҪãťųʱɵۡ
ɵۣ¸֮ŵĳԱйͨ
ųˣǸ֮аԱڰִܹ⼸ˣǾ˵ˡɵۺɵ۶ˣѾӦҵϢˡɵ˵
һʲô˼ѵˣ𣿡ֱɵ۶ʱŭ˵
ǺǡťɵЦһˣȻǲˣǵĴѶһӦˣǾ͵ϰ£λֵҲִ˵֮󣬴ұ㳢ȥһɵۡ
ťɵۣʱҲȫûףûֹܹɵۡ
ųٵϰʱĻǴǾ뱻ɵҲԶˡԿ˿ťɵۣü˵һ䡣


2855 ޲ɼ
ɵһʱ䣬˭֪ʱٶȻ᲻һЩ
ٵϰ£ɵ۲ûп򣬺ο֮ǰԱִҲδؾܷɵ۵
Ըųиõ⣿ɵۿԵ
ڣֻʮˣɵ±жʮɵۡǴʱֹɵۣɵۼ
ֵ˵ûֵܣÿһ˶ܽ¼ҲûáťɵҲ˵
ǰңҲֱӳɱֱӾʹˡһɵҡҡͷ
λ˵еҲͷҪԷսֻڻԪռ䣬ܷŵڲ
ɵ۶ŵͷ
Ǳˣڵֻ·һ飬ûܻ𼶣ڻԪռҲ棬ıѰȥεı
˵ǿɵҲܽݻ١ɵڵ鲻
ȥ̽̽·Ե
ԣҪǿɵ۳ԾԵ
׸磬Ҳõҡɵ۴ʱӦûоҳֵġµɵۣɱҿûôסҲǾȥ˵
˵ɵ۳Ҳòȫû
ֵܣǲҪðհɣťɵüԾ˵
ťɵҲĹľ԰Σ¾ıɵɱǸ֮Ҫս֮һǲ׵ˣǸֹ֮ɵ۾͸ûϣˡ
ųǾңȥӦúܿͻˡԵ
ԣһҪСģӲӲǿҲֻһˡɵ۵
סԵͷ
󣬾ԱŴӽִһȭ֮ϣݻһ󶴣ȻӰûСɵ۵һȺˣʱڴԻݣɵ۵˵Ȼ̾ͷˡ
Ȥɵ۾΢С
СӣӦþǾˣȷʵǹģɵɱơ
µɵۣҲ̿ܿͷ˴ӻԪռ봨ľԡ
ĴˣСǸԡľɵۿԣŭ
ôһ˾ͽˣߴɵֻ˾һˡ
봨ģȷʵֻ⾰һˡťյҲˣڴⲻԶĻԪСɵЦ˵

Ⱥ޴ĶĴԣ
ǲ֪ˣͱȥˡ
ȺɵµԱ׷׿ŭ
úܿ죬ɵ۵УǽӽҲǿɵ۵ˣ˻ԪƬһ޴ͼ
ɵۣȻҵ˶ĻԪƬ΢΢ľԪƬܰ򡣡
ɵ֮⣬жʮɵ˫ü
ԼȻֱӳȥˡǿҲܵеùʮɵͬʱ˵ʮɵ֮пҲɵۡťɵǿˡ
崦ͼеģӦþǴɵˡԵҲǶɵۡ
ɵۣҲǵһμòΪһرʡ
ǸҪ컯ɵ۰ɣԳƬֱ̺ӱǴ߶һ䡣
ԪƬͼеɵԵĿһתھԵϡ
Աɵ۵ôһȫ΢΢һɵۡ
ѰɵۣǱôһۣľսɣ
ģ챯Ժһʵ
Ӱɵ˵챯˻ţֻһֱҲ
챯ǺǣʱţҲԶ˰ɡҾҲˡɵ۾ǻӦ˾ԡ
ɲ˵ģģȰüʱ֡Ȼ¦λ컯ɵ۹ǶǲŹ㡣֪ɵ۲ΪԼ仰ͷ˵ЩĿҲֻϣɧһɵۡ
Ŀ޲ɼɵһߡ
ͣȥɣˣԵԴҴУťȺˣҲɱۣⲻԶһʮˡɵ۶һб͵ɵ۷Ը
ɵۣڻԪͬǾ޴ɵͬĴڣťɵʵҲࡣʱڳɵԱУɵĴڣ֮ࡣ


2856 Сү
ɵ֮ģûԾԳ֡
ɵۻ䣬һɵ۱ǳӦĴ֮
ɵۣǱɵۡ
ȥɣǡȥԵԴûɵۻӻ֡
ǣɵӦ
죡Ե֪̽ʮɵԼλüٱƽɫҲΪ֮һ䡣
ڶ֣ˣȽԪռ˵ӰһݺһȭƶԪռ䡣
λǾӵԪռȥˣ׷ȥɱɵ۶ɵ۵
ã
׷ȥɵСľɵ۶ԾԵĺŨ
ťյ˾ɱ⣡
ɱǡжʮˣֻʮˣоԵơȺɵµԱʮģ
ԽԪռ䣬˲ťɵ۵ǰ
ֵܻˡťɵۿԣ˵һ䡣
ų׼սɣɵ¶ʮɵۣϾ͵ˡæ˵һ䡣
ڳĶɵԣɫ䡣
Ըųô˶ˣɵü
û£ɵԤϵ޷ĶԸǡѵõĻᣬǾɵµԱɵһҲɵµԲ˵
ɶԷжʮɵۣɵžԡ
ˣﲻΪֹɵһսᷢɵϾǳ֣սһ˵Ҳδؾͺʤ㡣ťɵȭ
ťɵۣȷʵҲһ˲ȫĹ֮
׼ɱɣɵ浭ɫ׹ƣսǸ
ʱ򣬶ʮɵӰѾ˵߾ͷٳ֡
ʮԶʮˣϣȷʵǱȽϴġ˵֮߼ûʤ㡣֮ȻťɵۡɵۺСȽǿɵۣԷҲͬǿˡ
ˡɵɫţĿⶢڽӽıɵ۵ˡ
սڼ˵ʵťɵжţΪһսŪǻкܶ˶֮սɲǿЦġǶǸ߸ϵĻԪڣǶԷͬҲվ޵۷֮ĻԪ顣
׼ʲôֶΣҪҴˡʱʲôƣԺҲûлʹˡťɵ۶Ը֮ŵĳԱ˵
ֿԵֵܣܻܲɾͿˡ
һսܷ֮ʤȷʵҪԵķˡûоԣǾǺʤġڸ֮˿оɵڣһսʤҲСǿǾǿͬʱԼɵֹ
ɵҲǳصģǱɵĵɵۣսǾˡ
ҶȫԸԵͷ
ťգҿǻĲͷˣĴΪУ治֪ôģǱɵۣѾʮɵ۵˽˵
ɵťɵۣҲǱȽϤġ
ߣǵȻҲΪСִ򣬵ɹ֮ǶΪĵūȫһɶλ컯ɵǿҲûҪ򡣱ͣΪҪΪŰΪ컯֮ǻʲôλťɵ۶űɵ˵
ˣɵҡͷĴ컯֮󣬱ԴȥһϹżǣڴ֮ǰܹиԱ֮

֮ŵɵ𣬶¶Ȼı顣
λ컯ɵۣ¦취ֹĵɵü˵
ֹ𣿹벻ô棬ôҲǻԪһɵۣȻֹܹǴֹܱ֮ǰĻԪͣ᲻ϵĻ𣿡ɵ۴Цһɵ˵
֮ŵɵǣɫһ
ϻôʲôĻᵽΪǸɵۣܼȥһԪˣҲ֪˭棡ĵȥôûôɣһԪͣҲֻ¦һ˻ǺǣɵôĵҪ컯ǳɹпڴдҲֻһ˰ˡȺˣõĹ߰ˡԴ˵
ɵ۵ˣԡ
Ǹԣɵ۶žԡ
Ĵ˷ǳŭĴ˵ҪǽԴȥɵ۵
ҵԴȥǺǣǱ£ֻˣСүأЦ


2857 Ⱥս
ԽؽȡС
ͷ֪Ķɵһ䣬ȡԼĵ۱
ɵߵʮɵۣҲȡԼĵ۱׼ʼļҲɱ
һսȻɱˣ֮ߣťɵۺڳԱͬȡԼĵ۱
ֵܣôɣťɵʱԣʵ
ťɵûףҲָˣȻǸ֮ŵų˼ǰҲ벻ζսԼиʤ㡣
ųĲɱûʲôıýģƴľȭͷ˵
ťɵۺԱԡ
ɵ۵ˣǾԸģھô˵Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ɣһͷȳ壬ųλɵǰ󣬽ǿĹֶһԶȥˡλǰʲôܵıҲ˰ɣڵһɱԷɵۣǾˡԿ˱鲻ԣֲһ䡣
ҲֻˣֵԼСġťɵ۵ͷ
һ£ɵͻȻһ
ԸųȻǿޱȣܴɵ۵ĹҲܡһȥãһսǻܻɵýԨ׻ңɵۿž˵
Ŷ΢΢ЩĿɵۡ
ɵ豦û뵽һμʱǸɵ˸ӭͷػɵʧذڣɵ۾Ȼ
ɵҧҧѽһȡݸԡۻ룬ȻһǳĻԪ챦ֵԲǧӰɴ֮¡
֣лˡԽӹԨ׵л
лһսգսٶıкáɵ۷·ˣôŵˣ˵Ĵ
ԸеȣɵҲǲĿ⿴ɵۡ
ǰɵۣǹȥʶɵ
ųλǰ׼ҿҪʼˣһĿԨ׿һף˵
ʼɣťų
ԣСģɵҲ˵
ɵ۾վھλãɫ׹Ũ
ɱһȣŶʮɵ۳ɱȥ
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λĴǣȺ˸ɱۡڣǾɱǣ´󹦣Ĵ˱Ȼͣɵ׶״ĵ۱͵Ļһ£¡¡
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ɵۺʮɵۣҲžȺ˳˹
䣡
ˣ
飡꣡顭
ǵصڸֶδֱӶ֮ǰֲڻԪγɿֲķ籩֮ڣǼǿȼҲԳܲסܲ
Գڸ֮ųԱǰУ׵壬ȳ˱ɵ۵˵ĹɫâҫĿԨҲӿ˵ƺ͹⻪һ˲Աǳʮɵ۵мԱĹǿϺܶࡣ
죬ҲޱȵܣȫѪ΢綼ҵÿһ΢磬ƺſµ𵴺͹ǿ߶΢뵽ؽڡ
ƣһȣһ޴ĽǱŷ˳ȥ
һΣֱӱǻɵ۵
𣡡ɵͬǿһǿʩչűɵ۾ͺ˹ȥŨڵɫ׹⣬׺ݵڱɵ۵ĲԶ
ɵ棬һƬɫı֣ڱѣɵҲԵЩǱɵ۵ֵϾ
ɵ۳ɵ۵ļ𹥻ȴǶžԡ
ԣǿù˰ɵ˻𣬷һ˲ʮɵ۵ȹھԵϣȴס˾Եǰ֮ƣƺû⵽ˡ
ص㹥ԣ⾰ɵۣ̫׺ˡֻҪȸɵ˾ͺöԸˡɵ۶ʮɵ۵
ʵ˵ʱʮɵۣк
Ⱥ쵰רҴ򰡣ҲЩơ
̶ֳȵĹ֮£ԣҲס̫ʱ䡣΢ķмܼޡԸоһֱ͵ĹԼ֮Ҳֵܵʮʱ䡣
УȥҲסҪťɵҲ÷ֵһЩԷпת


2858 ȥ
ܱ͵ɵ۴Ե΢Ĺ죬΢ʼѷ죬Ϊ΢ܵĹ˳¡
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ťų
ֻʮˣԷжʮˣ˫жԺ̫Կˡťɵ۽̸
ֵĪʲô⣿ťɵ̻Ӧԡ
ťųɵۣڷҺƣڹͬǿֻԶԺϣҾʹһˣܳԷӪǶԷ¾Ͳˡťɵ۴Ϣ
ťųϣܳȥ˵
ťɵпתȷʵ˫Ժľ棬ΪԼоɵǰܹʱȽ⡣ťҲȥɵҲסһɵ۳⣬֮ߵӪǾҪˡԵ飬ȷʵǸΪ
ҪϾԵĻťտܾҪվˡ
ťųһսϵشǶڳܾ޴ķաԼťɵ۳ɣ㲹һ䡣
ãǾͰվֵܵİ취һ˹ƲУֵҹͬжťɵ˾
ţ׸˵Ե
֮ɵ˵һ뷨ɵûκԥͬˡֻǣɵ۾Ծ˵̫ΣˣԶ˵ôǸ֮žûʤ㡣
ťų׸磬ǿҷǰʱ򣬾̽߾ȫضԷĹťɵۺɵ۵
ãťɵ۵
ԣȥɣȥɱǼɵĵ
䣡΢ٴαԵ壬һǰ̡
߾ťɵһȣȫĶ壬ҲǰͦһЩر͵ɵ۶ԾԵĹ
ͬʱɵ۸һ̤ȫɫ׹γһƬɫ׺׹⣬͵ɵ۶ԾԵĹһ
ãҪˡһɵ۽µ
ʲôΣǵߣǶʮͬʱ֣һŪǡɵ
ɵۣǵ͹˾ԵʵûþԿʲô¡෴ģΪǿٻɱԵĻᡣΪ˫Ժ䣬ڻײʱĴܣԵ˽ǵû¶Ծɱˡ
һЩɵۣҲñɵ˵еʵڿгʱǾͶһЩֶƾԣǾǲ̫ܳɹȥġȻþԽӽ󼯻ԾԺɱǲٿƾԡ
˫뱾ͲǺңԶգۼ䣬Ծͳ˫Ŀռ䣬˱ɵ۵Ƚ
Ҹɵɵе۱ӶһɫĻԣǱɵ֮ǿɱС
ߵʮɵۣҲǽűɵۣݺݵĽԼɱжԾԶ˹ȥ
ܲܳɣͿˡҧҧ
Ǭһѽӽ۱ܵı׽͵նʩչʮ´Ǭһз
ֳֵؽǱ׽
ǬһзڣǬ򵥵˵ǽγɶռ䡣ȻԻǵɵۣǬһҲ㲻һзȴǷǳġ
Ǭһγɵռ䣬ʱǵھǰĶơԷʮɵ۵ĹͬʱռϣɲǼǽռƵˡȻ˵ռֻڼ̵ʱ䣬ôҲΪȡһ˿˿ʱ䣬΢˶Էֹ
ֻܿԨ׺ԼӲˡ
ɱһŭٶȳһξ룬ʱ򣬾Ѿ˱ɵ۵˵Ӫ֮ڡ
ۣԿУһѪҺ
ڵ΢磬һҲǻһȺʱľԣ⵽شˣԶԴҲ׼ԶʮɵۣôܲһĴۣ¦Ҳĳ嵽ʮɵ۵Ӫ֮С
ѾˣһΣɱɵۿѪ̴˾ˣҲһֻҪɵ˾ԣǽǶʮ˶Ըʮˣɣ
ȻΪǰһǶʮ˶𹥻ԣø֮ŵťɵ۵ʮ˼õֵǿȫͷԼĹʱťɵ۵˵ĹҲǵ˶ԷӪС
ɵߵӪȻǲܺ޷ӦǶʶĶֶȵֵ֮ӪĹ˾ԴϢĻᣬͬҲ˾Խ빥ɱĻᡣ


2859 ֱײ
зӪ֮󣬾һ˱׽Ĺɱ׽òԼɾ͵ɵ֮ǰԵɵ۵Ķսֱѹʹ졣
ľɵۣСүԵһĿԼԹصľɵۡ
ʱ΢𶯣Ʋᣬֱȥɱ͵ǼʵǿɵۣǺѿȡýչԣ˼ǣҪȹʵĵɵۣľɵõĿꡣ
ʵ£ľɵ۲ô׺ɱġľɵ۵ĹǿֶҲԶʯɵۣľɵ۵ĻָǴ󲿷ֵɵĪġԣɵľɵ۶Թʵľɵǿϲ٣ҲɱľɵۡǶԾ˵Ͳһˣȫں̵ܶʱڸɵľɵۣľɵ۵Ļָ޷ӳá
ģľɵ۸ոմ߶ֶεֵ֮ŵĳԱͻȻɷԼʱɫ䣬æҪܿԵȽ
ο׷Źľɵۣһ̣ǽӽľɵۡ
סӣסľɵۻҵĽ¡
ɵҲҪľɵ۳֣ȷʵҲľɵۣԶ̫ˣɵȽ֮ȷʵѰ졣ɵ۵ڳֶԾʩչɾԸͲܣһľɵ۴̳
ľɵ棬ŨɫӿȵϢɢ
Ϊʩչ˲һ߽߾ȫ߶ֵԣһԶӴܡ
ܣľ϶ɣԵؽ⣬ޱȵĴɫУһǽɫθƿ
ľɵۿдһҽС
ֻһؽصĶٿľɵۣѾ촦ľɵۣһնɱˣ˲ͱȫߡ
Ըմʱ򣬾ͿԲɵľɵֻۣһľɵ۽ʱûо飬űľɵҵߡʮȥԵҲʮǰǿ˲٣ȫ֮£һɵľɵҲǺ顣
ľɵۿľɵ۱ɱ΢΢һ¡
Ե׺û뵽ľɵ۾ȻһסƤӵ£ľɵԴ
ৣԴʱûʱ䵢ɱľɵۺֽĿھԼһɵϣɵʵҲǿ
ɵۼԼɱͷҲصıǺ󳷡
岨׼Ļ˲Ϣ˳ȥ깥ݺݵײɵ۵ϡ
岨ɱɵۼǿ˵вû׼£ܵӰҲǲɱ⡣ɵۣ󳷵ٶԳ˶ݵĳٻʱ䣬㹻Խӽˡ
ɵԣɵ׶״۱ֱžԶ˹ȥдȡ
Ȼʱ򣬳ѾԵûңټмɵۼԣǲ̫ܡ˵ɵۡťɵۻɵҲǳصģôܲõзֻҶʹˮԣȻɵ𣬵ֳܷԵɵ۲ûм
ɣ¶ײеЦݣһնɫ׵ɵۡ
ھһն󣬱ɵ۵ĵ۱Ҳǻ˾ԡ
ۣ³һѪ΢ٴ˲١
ԲԼƣԼɵ۹嵹ǼǱɳȥɵ׷ȥһն˹ȥɵǿֵܵסһԾԵĵڶҲû취סˡ
Ĵ˾Ұʱ˻Ҫɵ۾ϧɵۻڴڣܾ
ָɵֽɽɵۡ
ˣ͵ȶʮɵۣʣʮˡ
ɶ񣡿ɶ񣡡ɵҪѪޱԹĶžԡ
ʶܾɵԣǽԼ߻и鷳þҵĳͣԼӪ;Ҫɢˣʱťɵ۵˳Ƴ׾ܼɱļɵۡʱ򣬱ǼռƣҲˡ
ɱԣ죡ϧһдۣɱ˵ɵ
ϧɵۣɵǿЩɵġɵȻʵǿɵ۶ûôľηԴﵽɵ۾Էӵĳ̶ȡЩɵۣԶ̶ʱͻɱɵ֮ʶ뾰Զһ㣬ԽӽԼĻᡣ
ǵ㣬ȻҪķʱģ͸˾ԸʱͿռ䡣Ҳܱģǿһɵ۾Լͳɱȥ


2860 ն
ɵһͱһ˳䣬ɵǽȴ޿κΡҪɱԺѣһ˵ĹھϲܸԵĴˡ

ɶ񣡡ɵڻԪдԶ
ѵõĻᣬťɵ۵ȸ֮ŵĳԱҲȻϻǱȶԷ٣ʱԷɢľ棬֮ŷȴԼһɱ
ֵǣȥע⣬ҳֹ˭Ǿ͸Ź˭ֵֻոӪ˻ᣬǴǾǴˣťɵ۴ɵۼͬʱ˳ȥ
ܿ죬ɵӪɵ۱ɱǵɵ۱ɱɵۣɵۣ˵ʵɵͬġˣҲΪûмʱ󳷶֮һμɵˡ
һĻĻɵһʹ̾Ϣ֪ζսѾ군ˡټֻ֣üɵ۸ࡣ
뿪ȫټϣɵεĸԱָ
˲аٲ˼նɱɵֻ࣬Ūúܿȫû
Ȼʱ볷ҲףΪɵ۴սƬԪռڵң籩ɵͨ˲뿪ҲҪȷɳ
ڱɵ˺ʮɵ۶ʱ߶Ӵܡ˭ʱֻҪܵˣ³ض
ɵµɵȫӴܣ֮ŵɵԵ׷ɱɢ׷ɱ϶ǲеģǷɢŪûᱻԷɱҲüɵ۵ȥ׷ɱԷһɵ۲ԴһЩİɱԷ
ԣҲڶԷӴܹ˵ɱԱɵߴɵۣߴɵۼƻľͱܵ뾰ԺԶĵطƺҪԼƽ̷Ӵܡ˳ƸһĿ꣬׷һξһ¶Էٶսɹɱ
ʱ󣬸֮ųԱȫء
˶ɫ΢΢죬ܡ

ʹ죬̫ʹˣťɵ۴Ц
žԵֵܣ̫ǿˡǡǿֲ
һսȷʵǿԲŵȡʤһˣ嵽ԷʮɵɵӪУʻԪмܹ
ԸųޱǿҿɵԳ֣ҲδսʤԸųɵЦе˵ľԵƨ
һսǿ˵ʤˡɵɵۣʧذֱɵ˫ĿŹ
ǰֻʮˣԵǶԷʮˡһսһ˶û䡣Է㱻Ǹɵ߸ˡȻֵһ˾նɱ˶Է߸ˡťɵɷ˵

֮ŵȺɵۣȻһǿҵ˷Уöƽ
ųλǰ
һսֻǿʼǿܾҪֱɵˡʱ򣬸һˮ
Ȼ仰˶Цһ
ֵܣôɣťɵüֿžʵ
ʱٲɱˣƱȽأָ̻СԷѾϸĲ鿴һԼƣȷʵǳأ΢磬ʮ֮һˡ
ԶԣֵϽˡһЩ˵ɵȥáťɵͳһɵԡ
ԸųҲв˵Դ
ɵۣȡԼɵԴʹáֻǣ΢ĻָѰĵҩҲûʲôЧҲûܾɵóԴ
λһ˵
û⡣ťɵ۵æӦ
ָ΢磬ɲģھԻвͨɵָӦҲܿ졣

ԪУ
һɫ۵ɵۣǰĵ档ɵۣ׷ϵĵۣо˵תͼڵ۱֡
λɵۣɽˡ
û뵽Ԫгôһĺˣɽ˵
֮ųԱɵ³ԱսḶ́ɽ˿СΪһս֮Ӧûᱻɵܴﵽһ롣ȻսĽҲ˺һᡣ
¦ѡˣȷʵǲһ㡣ѵԪĻо𣿡ɽ̧Ŀ谵ĻԪ
Ҳóһģ̫ˣܹ컯Ͳɹɽ˷·
ɽˣҲǻԪΪϵĴ֮һɵһǻԪʱʹڵġǣɽ˵ʵɵġɽˣǻԪʵǿɵ֮һ컯ɵۡ
ɵҲǽ컯ĴڣɵǺ֮㡣ɵۡťɵۡɵۡɵ۵ȵЩɵۣǺ֮㣬Ԫʱѹͻû


2861 ڶ
ԻԪֽ񣬻ԪеɵȷʵҲˡ
ɵ۷ֳȼôžĸεġ
һεģȻλ컯ɵֱۣȫɵۺһɵۡڶεģǾɽˡɵĴڣǵʵѾӽ컯ɵۣ컯ɵԳҲδɱǡεģɵۡťɵۡɵ۵ȵȣεɵнǿĴڣҲڶεɵ۶Կһµģǵĵεˣʯɵֱۡɵۡߴɵۡľɵ۵ȵȣԶǵĵεɵۡ
ɵУһЩȽģĳЩֶΣʹЩֶʱҲܴﵽεɵսɵۣһֻۣмǿ츳ĲɱҲܴﵽɵսɵۣڶ࣬±ǵεɵҲɱܴӵڶɵѵ
Ԫɵ۵ĵȼϾͿô֡
ΪԪмȺɵ۾ԣĿǰսܹڶˡڻԪеļսɱһɵȺսŻԪɵǣʵҲϿɡ˵ɵǵڶɵۣӦòʲô˷ԡ
ȻˣڶɵУɵġǿɽˣҲɵײɵ֮㣬ȷʵʢʵҲȷʵ졣

ɽ֣һߣȻ䵽ɽ˸к
Ī֣ҲˣɽĿ⿴ߣЦŵ
ߣĪɵۣɽǲĴڣҲǻԪʱ͵ǰ
һֱڱչأС˵Ԫ˴£վûסˡĪɵҡҡͷ˵
ղһսҲ˰ɣɽ˵
ˡĪɵ۵ͷλСѣʵһˣȻͬʱסʮɵ۵ֹǿķίʵ˾֮̾žԲʤһ
ǰǰһɴ˵ø¦ʵЩΪȻ룬һɴ˶¦ʵӦûκοġСѳɾɵ۲Ŷ೤ʱ䣿㣬ʮ꣬˿ֲʵˡ¦ϸԪ͵ĴڣضǱȾСǿöడɽ˺һп˵
λ컯ˣ¦ȥǸطҲ֪ʲôϢ¦ƺλ컯֡Īɵ۵
˵áǵҲֻĵˡڣЩˡĪ֣ϼһǲҲóԤһ£ɽ˿Īɵ۵
ɽ棿Īɵ۵
ұҲûг뷨ǿСѺ͸֮ŵȺСɽ˵ûм˵ȥ
ɽ֣ĵʵֻѾˡĪɵɫЩء
ţ֪˼ʵҲҪֱӳսֻǴ˵仰ѣĶһЩ˼ɡȻĸҲǴ͸֮ˡɽ˵
ɽһɡĪɵ۳ŵͷ
⾰СȻǿǱģ»вСĲࡣû룬ťСŪĸ֮ţȷʵûκϣֹġĪɵ۽˵һ䡣
Īɵۺɽˣ˾ԳչֳʵˣȻΪԱɵ۲˲١ɵ۾жǿ
ɵڳɹ˷֮ʵһǿǰǿˡ
һΣ֮ȻɵµĳԱǾҪʱָơ˵ֹ֮ɵ죬ɵ۳ɹ˴죬ʵضٴǿ
ԪлкܶڣڹעɵҲڹעֹ֮ɵ򡣾Եı֣ܶ˳Ծ̾ЩԪеĴУɽˡĪɵϹкü

Ԫռ䣬һࡣ
ɵۣ֮ŻĻŵɵۣټһ
ʮλɵۣɫ֮ǰһսԽܡ
ɵۣһսʧλɵۣɫ۵ɵۺ˵䣬սˣ
ɵۡɵۺɵۣǵεɵۣǶʮɵʵǿ
ɵ۵Ļɵ嶼΢΢һսǲҰ׵ģʧλɵۣԷȴһɵ۶û
ĽǸĴ˽һɵ̾˿
ǡ͹ǸԣɵۻˣʵԹûָӵģʱ˵ЩԹĻ


2862 ׷
ʮɵ߸ŵЩͲʹʱ˵ʲôԹָĻŪԼɾҪΪʸ֮ˡ
⾰Եʵôôǿ
ǰʱǶʮ˵Ĺϣɾûɱ
ǸôĴ˽

ĴӦҲǰɣʵǶɵ۵֪Ƚ٣˭뵽Ƕʮ˽ǿȫȻ

Ⱥɵۣš
λɵۿ˵֮ŵĴսȷʵʧˡҲǺ˾ԡڶʱڣǺѻָսˣҲͲȥӰĴ졣Ĵ˳ɹ˴죬Ȼڳӣ
ԣ˵ûûҲˡ
ҲˣԱѪأҵϢҲ˲١һأ
ôһ˵սҲǺ壬ȻûܰĴҪɵ֮ţø֮ŲӰĴˡûоԴͷǸ֮˸һҲҶ
ɵۣʧǻָһЩ
λǼӸ֮ŵĶһǻҪ봨ɧĴˣǾͳֹǡҪ沫ɱֻӲλǡڣĴ¡ɵ۶˵
֣ȥɣɵ۵
ɵۣٴν봨죬Ҳɵڵĵط
ɵɨ˱ɵһۣɫЩ䣬ȻѾ֪˻Ԫռս
Ĵˣǡʧˣɵ۵ͷֱɵ۵Ŀ⡣
ɵ۳
ɵ۳ĬҽƱ磬ʵҲʱɵϧûа취ɵָɵʱͳ죬˭
ǾȷʵǿǴ⣬һսˣɵһЩ
ǣȷʵˣû׼ɵ۵ͷ
׼Ԥһսɵۡ
һԴŰɣɵ۰˰֡
ɵɳһվһԡ

ʱһȥ
Եƣɵ˫£Ծ˵ٶȻظЩ΢磬ֱµ
֮ŵԱҲûͼȥӰɵۣҲûоԳ֣Ǻ޻ġԣǱǶΪԻȾȬ
ڴսʮ󣬾Եȫָˡ
ԣָˣɵۼԭ˵ľվ̱˹
ţϻָˣҺԵͷɵ˵
ֵܣťųҲչ˫üЦһ
Ըųָˣ̫ˣֱɵ۴ɤš
ԸųǶʮǰһսջսƷʮһ۱а˼Ԫ챦Դɵ˵
սƷûھ˵ʱڳ˶֪һսĹ˭Ҫ䣬Ҳƹԡ
ťųЩһ°ɡǵ۱ͻԪ챦һ£ϾõˡҲ΢΢һɱųʱܵĴսƷ
ֵܣЩȥеһ롣ʣµģ˾ͷַ֡ťųһӵ
⡭ҷֵĶ˰ɣԿ˿ڳɵۡ
࣬ʵռֵܵıˡû㣬ǲһսлʤңһ˾նɱ˶ԷɵۡһսƷû˵ʱҲ򵥵ĹͨҶΪӦˡťų
ų˵ûԸųôְɣˣǲ̽ɵۼɹ죬ҲҪ׼Ĵսˡһɵ˵
Ҿ͡ˣԵͷ
۱ѡļԪ챦֮ǴĸԴԼĪһӷŵԼĿռ䱦ڡ
λʱȿЩ۱챦Զ˵һ䣬̿оһԼõĵ۱Ԫ챦;Ȼѡ˼
Уһε۱ǳʺϾʹá۱ȻھвܷӳȫܣҲȱ׽ǿܶࡣ׽Ͼûдﵽ۱
ε۱ֽ׷񽣣˵۱ɵ۵ı۱ܼʢ
һЩʱ佫֮󣬾ҲϾͲٿسһ¡
ܲ
۱Ͼǵ۱۱֮µıܣԶԶ۱ȵģ
׷ʩչǬһһΡϧϾҵı۱ҵı׽ܽ۱ʩչǬһɾĿֲˡĵͷ


2863 
֮ŵĳԱʱѾʮλҲĲȫˣʣ¼ûеģǸûġ
ťȻǸ֮ŵų֮ѾԾΪˡû취ǰһսԵıʵ̫ҫˣťųԼҲòϾԲǸ֮ŵġ
ʱԪռɵۣɲǺŵⲿָ֮ųԱĻԪɵۣҲǵִˣھ봨첻ԶĻԪռС֮ԵΪĴ
˵Ԫռ󲿷ɵۣܶ۵˴ĻԪռ䡣ǻǲɵΪУҲǸǱ²ؼ߸߹˼ɵҲûʲôֱӵĹϵǣⲻ뿴֮뿴ԶԿɵ۵ĽΡ
ֵܣһʱ䣬ƬԪռԽԽ˰ťų΢˵
ǰҲоˡ⸽˺ܶ˰˵ͷ
Ըųɵ۲Ѿɹ졣֮󣬿϶ǸʲôԲߣһ֮ŵɵ۶Ծʵ
ҡͷҲûʲôð취ֻܴһԿˡʧܣҾɢ˰ɣǣȷʵǾˡ
Ըųɵ۵ʵɲ⣬˵ʵǿûʲôʤġʯɵ̾˿
ǰܶΪɵλ컯ɵ֮£ǿɵۡŶ¦⡣ɵ۱ص
˷ʹ죬ʵǰøǿˡԿЦЦ
λɵ۴˹ȳһսܣλɢȥɡ뿪ȻҸط컯ɵۺ¦˵ġһɫ
ԣɵüҪɵ۵ս
ţôġԵͷ
սܣлڵδɾɵۣɵǰǸûӵɵ۵
ɵԣҲͷɵۣٶȷʵǱȵɵ۲˲١ȻҲ˲ƣ˲ƵľǱȲϵɵ۵ģǵĵĵɵۣǵһ˲ƾҲȾԶöࡣ
ԿɡԿ˵

죬
Ľɫ㣬ȫӿɵںɵǽˡ죬ȫƿ֮¡
ϲĴˣɵ̳ء
˴죬ʣ򡣡ɵ¶һĨ΢Ц
ȥһ֮ǰǵȽЩᷳ㡣Щ㣬ٶӰ쵽ҵĽȡɵ̧ĿգĿ⴩ݣԪռ䡣
ɵ֪ɵ˵㣬Ǹ֮ŵЩˡ
Ĵˣ֮ŵȺˣһֱڴ첻ԶĻԪռڡʱǻɵ˵
ɵвɵۣһֱڼŸ֮ŵĳԱ
ţ߰ɣȥһЩ㣬Ȼȫɱɵ۱˫֣Ӱһһ̣ǳ˴Ԫռ䡣
ɣɵڻԪռסһµȺɵۣ㶼ӵɵ۵
̶ɵǰ
Ĵˣ
ˣȺɵۼɵۣͷȺμӹǰ֮ŴսɵۣɫЩ졣Ȼսȥһʱ䣬뵽ҰܵĽ֣ѵ
˲μӹսıɵ۵ʮɵۣﻹʮɵۣǳ֮ųԱս֮½ġ
лͲ˵ˣ߰ɣǡȥ֮ŵǣѹɵ۱֣Į
ಣ
ৣʮɵۣɵۣŸ֮ųԱλ÷жȥ
ťųɵˡӰɵӰڲԶֳٵťɵ۵˵
ťɵ۵ˣɫһ䡣
ֵܡťųžԡ
ťųǾڴ˵صš˵
ţťɵ۵ͷ
֮ŵĳԱҲ˵Ŀ⿴ͬһ֪ٹһʱ䣬ɵ۱Դµɵۣӭ

֮ŵȺˣȻĲܣɵۣԹˡĳһɵһ˵
ǰһսǸ֮Ŵ˺ܴġһںɵ۲ԶɵۣЦһ˵
ĪΪɵɵ۶ԿɵҡҡͷǴھӦѡߣȻҸط
ɵ۵սӦǴﵽ˵ڶɵɱһһȹŮɵ۵


2864 ɵ
ȹŮɵ˵ɵ۶ʱһƬЦ
һСƬڣжԪɵ۾ۼ
ɵ۵ʵȷʵǿѾﵽڶˣҪ˵ɵ۱ȣǾ˵Цˣ̫ˡһɵЦ˵
ûԪڣ컯ɵ⣬˭ܻɵۣ¦ԪҲλܻɵ۰ɣһɵ۵
ţĪǰɽǰƾǰǣҲǱɵ۳Խȥˡɵһ
ȹŮɵҡҡͷû˵
һߣɽ˺Īɵ۵Ŀ⣬ҲĴԪռľ룬ǼӪ
ģԽԽǿˡĪɵ۵
컯֮ǾͻǿʱȫһλԳҲ޷ɽ˳˵
ǰ
ҲȥĪɵջĿ
ȥɣҲˡɽЦЦ
ɵۣҲɽˡĪɵһһʱǿߡʱɵҲˡ
ˣŶˣĪɵҲ˾ɵۡ
һɫ۵ߣڸ֮˵ǰ
ǰťų˼ߣ΢΢һ㶡
ԣλǾɵۣԪʱǰɵ۶Ծ֣ؽܵ
ǰԶԾɵ۹˹ּ
λѲض񡣡ɵ۰˰ֿ֣ԵλǾСѰɣԪУڶɵۣҲһԪΨһɵۡ
ǾԡӦ
СԪΪĿɵۣҲˡɵ۶ԾԵ˵ͷֵԸ֮ŵʵԶԿɵۡˣΪľһ֮
ɵԣťɵۡɵ۵ˣڶǴϲ֮ǰȻʶɵۣҲ˵λϵĴڣǿǻʵĵڶɵۣһˮֶûеġоɵǸ֮ߵȻҪǿ˺ܶࡣ
ңǵʤȻˣԽԽˡȻҲδֹܸоǿ󡣡ɵ˵
ǰ壡ɵ˵ûбʤİգǸ֮ҲҪֹɵۡ
ţĵҰ̫ˡɵ۵ͷ
ɫ΢΢һ˵ˡ
ɵۻƬ̣Ե˱ǿɵ۵ˡɵۣŶʮԱ˸֮ųԱߡ
ʱ䲻ɵ۵˱ѵ˽
ɵ۵˾ɵ۵ϡ
ɵۣҪΪУɵֱӾ˵š
ɵֻۣҪԪ򣡡ɵۿɵ۵
򣿺Ǻǣɵۣ𣿡ɵЦһĿ貵Ĺ⻪ת
㲻Ըֻܳˡɵۼᶨ
㣿費ңûġ˭ҵ·ұҪ˭ɵۣӻԪʱѾڣҸӣ뿪ҿԵûɵ۵ԵȻ
ɵ۴Ц
ôֵ¼°ɣɵ΢΢һһ۱С
ɵ۵ĵ۱һͷ⸫ͷѰͷö࣬ȥ쳣أЩʹõˡɵ۵ĵ۱Ȼһ
ǰȻʱУԾɵ۵
Сѣ㲻֡ͷ󣬻Ϸɡɵ۶ԾЦЦ

ǰԳˡ
ҲԤ֮е飬Ԫռڣ˵һλǰԳֹɵۣǿ϶Ǿǰǰļ˭֪
ǰɵ𣿡
˵ǰǻԪʹڵǰʵǳɵ۽֣ʤ˵
ҪˡգܿɵʵˡɵԪ޾£Ҷ˵Ϊӽ컯ɵ۵ɵֵۣĻɲࡣǰȻɵȥսɵۣЩ˿ɿս龰
ЩڰɵۣȻš
ɵ۴ʱҲǽԼĵ۱ֳУһ۱ͨɺɫɵ۴߶ĽԿǳӰ˸ÿһǳӰܡ
֣ǽǳ⣡˽ҲǻԪռĵ۱֮һԪռ޾£ǳ֮µɵۺܶࡣǵ˺ɵնɱɵ۶Ҫõ۱ˣǳµĻԪɵǻڻҪһ
ȻԶԵҲܸоǳɢĿֲɷɱ֮⣬ļ¡۱ɱ¾֮


2865 ĵʵ
ɱΪ
ɷҲťɵۡɵĻԪɵۣʱҲԼ塣
Ԫǿ۱֮һǳ⣡ťɵ۵ͳ˵
۱ɵԼı۱۱ɵȴܷӳǿܡɵ۵Ŀ
֣ʱӰԶӽ
Ӱɽ˺Īɵۡ
λѺʱģɵۿжɽ˺Īɵۣ¶Ц˵
һʱˡ
ȾһЩġ
λϵɵȺӦ
ɵۣɽ˺Īɵˣûиı仯оɵ۵Īɵۺɽƺû̫ƺûܵκεӰ졣
λǰťɵһϲı顣
ɽǰĪǰʱӦҲҪֹɵ۵ġɵ۵
λǰ֣ɵǿӦҲ֪Ѷ˰ɣʯɵЩ˵
֮ŵɵּۣ򵥵ոյɽ˺Īɵ۴кλϵĴڣҲǿ뾰˵˼仰һֱǫ
ֳǳɵۣƺҲģվŶĺѿס
ģɣɽתĿɵۣ˵
ɵۣЩϼһһӣɣĪɵҲ
ɽĪǶλҲҪ𣿡ɵûɽ˺Īɵ۵Ȱ˵Ƿ˷ʡ
ģǲ뿴Ԫ򶯵ҡ㣬ҲӦͼǱԼ˽Ʒɽ
ǺǡɵЦ
ɵ費ңǼɽ㣬Īɵ㣬ͬ費ңɵ۵ս⣬ǿˡ
ɵۣ㡭Īɵü
ĪɵۣҪٶ˵ˡԪڣûĸıġǲУ컯ɵҲС
ǼȻҪңǾɣλһ֣ɵֱſҪλǿĹɵ۶ս
ЩڰĹۿĻԪɵۣһҲľĿһĻɵ۵ĳ֣΢ԾҲһЩԤϡɽ˺Īɵ۵ĳ֣Ǿȫ󲻵ˡ
λѣһԹսɵǶĪɵۺɽ˵
ֿɵ˵ɵۣϷĸУ
Ҫ֣ɵһ˶սȻġЩԪʱʹڵϼһҪġɽ˺Īɵ۶һۣ˵ԶһЩ
ˣɵûٶ˵еǳ΢΢һ
ŽһɫǱŷɫڣǳӰۡžɵۣٵϯ
һɺɫĽ⣬ɵо޸裬ͬʱһȡһ̺ܵĸӰɺɫӭȥ
䣡޴ײ쳹Ԫռ䡣
񱩣Ԫռɢȥ󲻾ãǴǲҺãнԶľ룬˶սٿһЩǿֲɢֱӱ̮
ɵ۷һ֮ϱǴ߶˵ڶ⣬žǵ
ɺɫĿֲ⣬಻
ɵ۵סɵ۵ĵһιû·磬˿ȥǲġȻɵڶԼĽ߶ɵ۱Щˡ
ɵ۵ĹƵʣ֮죿ֱɵ𾪵ĵ
Ե˵ɫҲޱȵء
ɵ۵ʵǿֲťɵЩʧ
ȥսɵۣʱɵۣû˸ƵʵĶймҲѻťɵҲǵɵûȫɵۺ˾޴
̺ԽĹֶΣһ㶼Ҫʱǻʶɵۣһ̺ž˵ܣƺΥ
ѰĵɵۣȻҲԼٶȽйƵԽ죬ôÿһ̺Ĺ϶Խ١
֪ǰǷиǿֶΡɵ۵
һҡҡͷǰֶο϶кܶġǣһսɵֶֻۣҲ޷ӳáΪɵǲǰʩչֶεĻᡣңĿ϶ҲصֶΡܸоɵ۵ǳǿԶǡ
һԡڻԪлޣҲģҲ޵ߡʹñȻΪ졣˽ʹĻǺƽʹòּҵƴʹãҲ˺


2866 
ɵϵĳɾͣԪһˣԾãɵϵѾﵽ۷ˡ
ʱţɵǴھԵƣɵۣʧȥеķֻǿĵֵɵۣǽڽڰˡ
ս̶ȣɵӦˣɱȥĴΣա䣬ɵ۲һ֣ͣ䣬ɵ۾ֹͣĹ
ɽ˺Īɵ۶ˣҲһĽɫɵʵѾˣɱȥֻǾɵ۲䣬Ҳ޿κΣѵһȥֹɵۣˣֻ¾ɵۻǶԼһ衣
λǰô죿ǰѾΣˡɽ˺Īɵ࣬λϵɵѯʡ
ɽ˺Īɵۣҡҡͷ
ɽ˵ʲô֣ΪԼǴʱְæֻþ־һ衣ϾһԵ䶷
ǾôţҲ֪ɽ˵˼Ǿɵ۴ȷǳΣˡ
ֻܿţǾֿǳ֣䡣䣬ɵۻֹǾͿ԰æˡĪɵۿž˵
Ҳ̾Ϣһ
ɵ۳֡
Ĺʱͣɵۣ˿Щɬ֪ɵ۵ʵȷʵѾԼܶˡ
ôãҲˡ֪ʵɵ۶һ£˵
˼֮ǰĶսȷʵûȫ
ģʲôֻͣóǣɵ۸ߴӰվñֱȻ֪Լܵסɵ۵ĹȻûаȴ˼Ҳûһη¶
ȻִҾͳȫ㡣ɵ۵Į˵
ǳ棬һӰϷŴӰԽԽࡣ֮ǰʩչʱǳӰֻһ㣬ȴ㼸ʮӡÿһǳӰ̺ſֲܡ
ɵʩչһУҲǿɱСʩչһУҪһ˵ģޱҪɵҲʹһСɵսʹһС죬ɵһС
ʵǼɱȥ㲻һУɵҲѼ̫ʱˡ֮ҪһУҪ˼Ϊɵ۵ڻԪѾǿòԪлвˣɵۡɽĴᲢۣҪ˶֪ǾɵĹɵۣɵǰҲʲô
ɵۿһȴ
ǼʮǳӰΪһǺӰĺɫšɱ⣬˶Ϊ֮ɫ
ɵ۾еľ޸ź嫵ĺɫǺϯ
һУסˡɵһ̾
תĿɽˡĪɵۻоԵˣЦЦ˲ƽĺɫǺӡ
ɱɵ۾ž޸źɫǺӳ˹ȥ
֡ɽ˵һ䡣
ɵ۵ʵǿ̶ֳ𣿡Īɵ۳صֹһ䡣
ɵ۳뵽ɫǺ֮УܿͱûˡʹõķֶΣɫǺӻơɫŻɢ֮󣬾ɵۣǱһʬ壬Ǿ޸ȻС
ƬԪռ䣬һ쳣ļžڳɵۣ͵Ǿŵľɵۡ
˺һ֮
˻ɵ
ǿǿɵۣĿֲ˼¡һɵԴֵ˵
ɵۡˣɵۣɵɱˣ
˭ֹɵԪأǰУɽǰĪǰǿ¶С֮ŵȺˣҲֹɵۡ
ɵʩչһУ̫ˡƺѾǴﵽ컯ɵ۵˰ɣ
ɵǣ鸴ӡ
֮ŵĳԱʱһСɵµȺɵۣһ˷ޱȡ
ɽĪ˭һսɵ۴ʱĿ⿴ɽ˺ĪɵۣǣһϣһҲûϵ˵ûʲô𡣡
ɵ۵ĻȻǵĮԵһΨҶζ
ɽ˺Īɵۣɫࡣԭûɵ۳ֶԿ˼ҲֻǴȰ˵һ£ǲ֣Ժ¾ûڻԪ¶ˣЩԪɵֻۣ˵Ƕ˾ɵֶۣҡ
һ߰ͻȻ쳹ڻԪС


2867 ս
ԳС
ȫĿ⣬ʱ۽ھԵϡ
ɵžԣһĨЦ⡣ɵۣͽԼɱˣ㾰ԲվҲһնɱԡ
ɵۣҾĸУֳؽɵ۶ţ˵
Գսˣ
ɵ۾ȻվǷˡ
ûǰôǰɵ۵Ķ֣ƾɵ
Ƕˡһɵҡͷ⾰Ǵˣ֪ԼվɵҲŹȻҶҪ򣬻վҲܲһЩ
˵Ҳǰ
ɵɱˣ¾Ǿɵ۰ɣɵۣѾڻԪжƻƻˡ
ûɵ̾ʹҪɱɵ۵𣿡
쾰ɵۿǱˣɽǰĪǰȲ

ԶĻԪɵǣһžԵ̸ۡ
ԭЩԪɵ۾ͲΪɵ۶ԿۼɵɵУ˾͸Ϊܹɵлˡ
ԣ㣡ɵǰ뾰ֶԿɵۡ
תĿɵ۵׸磬һսɵۣ㲻Ҫ֡
ԵҲϣֶԸɵۡɵɵ۽ֹɵ۵ʵȷʵǼǿ󣬾ԾûһʤϣȻɵһͬвͨһɵ۳ֵĻ߿ܾҪȺսˣɵµĳԱǱȸ֮Ŷࡣ
ңԾɵ۳Լ֣Ҳ𲻵ΪʤЧɵǺǿɲûдﵽڶɵ۵սɵۺѵסɵ۵ֱӹ
ɵ۲мĿɵһۡ
ɵ۶ûʲôвġ
ɵۣɣԽؽ̧𣬿кȵ
ԣն㡣ɵϣһɿ񱩵
еĵ۱ǳ⣬ٵĶžնһɫǳӰ⣬λϮɱȥ
䣡΢𶯣ǿ뵽ؽУɵ۳ȥ
˲Ϣ֮䣬ԵؽɵʩչĽײ
飡޴ײԪռ
ֻԵײ֮£һξ롣Ǻɫ⣬Ҳ֮ɢ
ɵ۵һƺδʲô˺ֻǽԵһЩȻԴӿʼǰġɵ֮ľ룬ǱȽ֮ǰ˲١
ģóı°ɣֻ㹥ɱҰԸɵۺȵ
ߣɵߣǳĹαøŨˣ̧ǳ⣬ٴն˳ȥ
һΣɫ̺ܣȷʵǱȵһǿöࡣԣǰһһȥͬʱҲ߶Ǽɵ۽ʹõķԨס
飡һ졣
֮󣬾ٶȱɳȥһεɵľ룬ȵһԶһ
Կ΢磬ɵ΢𶯾룬Լѹƣ΢ָƽ
ǿ
һιоܱȵʮɵͬʱˡͷת
ɵιûܸʲôʵԵ˺Լһɵ۵Ĺ΢ĳܼޣԼҲҪˡɵ۵ͨԼܵסɵǸεĹԼ΢϶ס˵ǳܲˡ
ɵۡǹͰ
ǰȷʵ
ǰ˵ɵǵڶɵۣǻɵ̬ȡڿɣ⾰ɵɵɱȥҪȾǰһЩ
ţɵ۵սȷʵǰˡ
ȻˣȻɵ۵Ķ֡ɵɱǰһһóǾ֮ʱɣ
ϧĶɵۣ

Զ˵ɵǣǾ̾ھչֳʵҲιɵۺʩչʽ
ɵ۵ķȷʵǵɵ۲ܱȵġɵۿžԣ˵
ǿҲһܼޡҵҪܿסҼιɵۻ䣬նžǵĵ
ɵ۵ĹƵʣǳֲ
ɱһȫ΢綼ͬʱӿһ
¡
飡飡ؽϵɫײӴÿһײԶˣȻַĳȥ
ʮεײ֮󣬾ԾɵۣԽԽ


2868 ʷ
֮ǰɵɵ۶սɵʼնǱȫѹƵģɵ۸Ƶʵն֮£ɵۼ޻֮
ھȻǴڱĴɵۣԶԺϲóԵƣǽĲɱɵ಻Ĺ£ԻܽӽɵۣѾ˾ò˼顣
Īɵۺɽ˶λҲĿתǰɱľԡ
ɽ֣ôĪɵ۵ɽ˵
ɵ۵ʵǿǳǿɽĿ
Īɵͷ
һսɵۿ»ûлʤĻᰡɵۣûȫԸĿǰΪַֹĹδǿɽ漴ҡҡͷ˵
Īɵ̾һΪɽ˵ʵ
ɵ۶Ծɵ󷢶Ǵιֹ֪ܲǿ٣ɵҲĹɵۻܵס

ԾɵԽԽ
ڣһ
ͷתһԪ챦Զ˳Ԫ챦ǾԴӲǰһȺںõսƷԪ챦ڶʱڱǳǿĹ˱ﲻʹã˵ʹù֮󣬾Ҫһʱܡ
ԼԪ챦һǿɵ۹˹ȥ
ɵ۲Ե͵ϮһЦ
СҲǰŪɵЦһնԪ챦ͷųĹ赲ס
ԣǳô˻ᣬɵ۵Ľɹɵ۵ĽͻȻʹǼԪ챦͵ϮûоǸε͵Ϯܹ˵ɵۣҪĲһʱ䡣Ԫ챦ȷʵǸȡһʱ䣬嵽ɵ۽ǰ
ɱֳؽݺݵɵն˹ȥ
˶ɵֱ۰ڶһƬɫĹȦ
ؽնǻɫȦ֮ϡ
ۣ΢촫
ԵؽɫȦնðȥԾ͸оһɿֲһȻû̴ܹɵʹõķֶΡ
ɵ۱һնúһЩܿסΡһûиɵκʵԵ˺ԼͬǱǻɫȦķõˡ
ʲôȻܳһƣԶɵۣ۲ǻɫȦ
ɵܵĻɫȦȷʵһԪ챦Ԫ챦ǳ⣬ʮǿѰ߶ֻȻ޷ȫסһɵ۵ƥеġɵۣһŵȫסԵĽ
СӣҪɵ۱ɫԳ׵ļŭˡ
ûи߾Լʹõı֡
ʼٵȼ
ǳ⽣ϣٶȸֲǳӰʮǳӰɢױȵĿֲܡɵۣɵһ֮¡
ģ㼱ˣԿ˵
ɵ۴ȣŭĿԲ
ǳӶʮǳӰΪɫǺӣԿ񱩵ľ˹Էĵ΢ȫӿؽݺݵն
ؽĽɫǺӽӴƿǰһֺɫǺӣҲƿһ֡ܿ죬ԾͱɫǺûɫǺӣŨĹ⻪ڳеĻԪɵۣɫǺڵľ󡣾ɽˡĪɵǣҲɫǺھԵӰ
ˣɽ³һ
ɵۣҪˡ
ģɵôôǿԪУ˭ܵ컯ɵ۲ǵĻԪԺҪɵ۵ɫ𣿡ťɵҧ
ųˣǡ׼ɣǰսԸųҲҪʹ䡣ɽǰĪǰҲԵסɵۡԣǻǿ뿪ɣɵťɵԣ˵
ٲߣǸ֮ŵʮˣȫҪڴˡ
ɵۣվҲɵ۵ĶְԶ˹սЩԪɵۣܶ˶ҡͷ
ɵֵ𾴡һɵ۵
˵Щʲôãʷеһˣɵ۲ΪȻЦЦ

Ǻǡ
ʱ򣬾ںɫǺӵĹ𽥱ðʱǺɫǺӹڲһЦЦǾɵ۵
ţ
ɵۻû
ɵۻţţ
֮ŵˣźɫǺӡܿ죬ǾͿģӰ˾ɵ۵Ӱ
ɫǺӹΣɢԵӰֳؽĿŶɵۡ
ģȵ


2869 Ա
ʱľԣϢǼˡ
ǵסɵ۵һ΢Ҳݻ٣Բòڴ΢ɢǿάֲ
ʱɵۣҲŨŨ֮ɫȻΪԱɣɾȴǿһ֮»ĹҪģͬǻ˺ġǸεĹҲͷžͷŵġ
˶̵ʱڣѾʹΣټϴ߶챦ֵһĵҲԳܡ
ԣҲòϣٴε͹㣡ɵ˿òϣԵʵ͹ˡ
Ѿһε͹Եʵˡ
𣿡ǿѹơ
ǰȻ͹㣬죬ǻѾ;ƿݵĵز˰ɣȻǿѹƣȴҡǻҵϢưɣ֮أѾҪȫˣ԰ɣ룬һͨɵۣɻɱ㡣ɵۿžԻ˵
ǺǡЦ
ɵ˵ûдҲԼڵ״ڵһͨĵɵۣҲԿˡɵۣȻ˲ٵսʵʲôӰ졣
ƬռڵĻԪɵۣӾԻŵлָ˹Ҳɵȷʵǿ֮ĩˡɵȻţѾսˡֻɵһþɵ۳ױ˰ɣ
ɵۣʱô죿
ֻɽ˻ĪɵѰЩ֮ŵĳԱסɵ۽Ĺ
ǵðﾰԡɵ˵޷ٵֵɵ۵Ĺˡ
ǸһϣɵˣǸ֮ŵ˻ࡣɵü
Ƕðﾰֵܡťɵ۵
ɽǰĪǰťɵۿλϵɵۣϣܹ֡
ɽ˺Īɵ۶һۡ
ɽûлӦťɵۣǶɵ۵ģ͵Ϊֹɣǣɢȥ
ⷬ˼ɵ۽뾰ɵ۵Ķսɵ۽ɽ˵ʱǲֹˣ֮ҲֹԵԷǳˡ
ɵ۴ЦͬĴһٴŹԣԺұ𣿽죬Ա
ɵûЭ˼ΣնҪɱԡԣ˷ǳвڵľԣųɾɵʮʱٹ꼸ǧ꣬ǵóɳʲôزֽһ¦
ɵۣԲܼ޴ɱԣԼûк֮ǡ
ɽĪ
ǻԪʱʹڵ飬ҲЩûֱӵĹϵҿԳŵ컯ԺҲΪѡڣϣǲҪ¡ɵۿɽ˺Īɵ˵
ʱڣʵǲʹɱˣԲŻ˵ⷬҪɱɽ˺ĪɵۣǾͺѡ
ɵⷬ˵֮ƬԪռڣͻȻһɵ򲨶֡
һӰ˲Զ
˽ŵľ£һӰսĺǵȻ̾˵Ŀ⡣ʶģ뿴һλɵۣڴʱ˲Ƶսĺλá
ôһ㶼΢΢һ㶡ΪոճֵӰȻǾɵۣһϮ۵ľɵۡ
ô£
һɵۣôɵ۴ڣ
Ǿɵۣȫһϵİۣϵ򲨶һ

ڶԪɵۿŸոսٴ˵صӰЩĿɿڴ
ԭˣԭˣһɵۻȻĴ
ʲôԭˣʡ
ˣɵۣ϶һǱ壬һǷɵ˵
ڻԪɵԣȻĵ˵ͷɵ˵ʲôİĶĻԪɵУǳɾɵ֮ǰ϶вɵۣйġֻǳɾɵ֮󣬷Ͳˡ
һֱڻԪľԣһ߷Եı壬һֱڼ磬ɵĻ硣
𣡡۾Զ԰۾Ե
þòˣ۾ԻӦ
ռڣԶ
ԵıȻˡɵü
ԣıôҲˣˣӦñڻ硣ɵ۸Դ
ڻ磬ǷڻԪռҲǲܽܣҲˣǿɾͳˡ
׸磬ҵı岻ò롭һѣԵķ


2870 δ֪
սڻıȷʵްһ⣬ԲòѡסĴڡ
ͨԱ뷨ĶԻڳɵҲˡ
۵Ǳ壬۵Ƿ
ţһֱڻԪģȻһ߷
ɵ۵ı壬֮ǰδڻԪֹɣ
ȷʵֹӦǸողԪ򡣾ɵۣǴһģɵĻ硣ҲΪˣɵۺɵ۵ĹϵŻǰܡɵ۵ı壬һֱڵİɣɵ˵
ԭɵǻģǰҶ֪ɵ۶ԾԵ˽Ⲣֻ֪࣬ǳڷ֮ڡ
ֻǡɵΪñҲԪ򣬶ս㱾ˣ뷨֣ɵҲûʲôʤ㣬οھɵ۵ķشɥʧսһɵü

ɵɨžԵıͷڱոճֵʱɵ۵ɫҲԵĸı䡣
ʱȴ¶Цݡ
ԣɵЦ
ı壬ǼڻڣǻܼȥڣȴñҲʵ޷޴֤ԼǾһ𣿡ɵ۵
˭˭δ֪Ե
ԣ㱾зսҲҵĶ֡Ѿ֣ı壬𼶶ѡһСС𣬸͵ɵĿоһ
ԱոյִʱɵȷʵЩġΪʱʶΪԵı뷨һſֲʵҪնɱԵı壬Ǿͱٴ֮أô̵ʱڣʵȵ½ʱһʲôɵҲΣա
ɵϸĹ۲֮£ͷ⡣Եı壬Ͳɵֻۣڵϴﵽ۷ΡҲ˵ھԷɾɵһ棬岢ûܹͬ
ҲǣһԪͣǵԪ͡Ԫ͵£޷Եķϵͬڻı塣
ԣ˵ûɣı壬Ͳɵۡı壬ֻһֻСϰˣɵЦ˵
ʲô
ֵܵı壬Ǵĵ𣿡ťɵһ㶡
ɵ˵Ըųı𣿡
⡭ô죿
ֻǵɵ۵ĻǺ壿
ܰɣֻǵǾɵΪñĻͨɵҲܽɻɱ˵ɵˡ

ڶԪɵۣۡ
Сѵı壬ȷʵֻǵ𡣾СѵķڵҲ𾳽硣ɵۣϵǵԪ̫ͣͬͬɽ˿ڣͳ˵
Ҫɵ˵ɽҲûⷽ룬ɵ۵Ļ΢һ˼ɽ˱ȷʵӦġ
ţɽ˵ûĪɵ۵ͷ
ɽ˺Īɵ۶˵ťɵ۵˵ͷٴαһƬ
ģ˵ûҵı壬ȷʵǵ𡣡ԿˣֱӾͳһ㡣
ҵıӻҲΪֱսԷ˵
˵ûˣΪ֤һ¡۵ľԱ壬Ҳ˵
ˣ
Եı壬һɵ򲨶ͷų
ˣԵķͬһɵ򲨶֡
뱾ͷųĵ˲Ϣ֮Ӵںϵһ
ҲڴʱԪռڣһɺ嫵ϵ־Ȼ١еĻԪɵۣĸ֪ϵ־û컯־ҲɵһֱҪյĶֻǵΪֹɵۻԶԶܿ컯
ǡɵ۾һЩŰ۾Ժͺ۾ԡ
Ĵˣɵۺһٵ˵ƺǣҪͻƵɵۡԣҪɾ͵ɵۣ
ɵ۷ŭĵͺһ
ɵǳ⣬ű컯סľԱͷ
ɫǳӰ⣬ݺݵĻʵĹ֮ϡȻһ⣬ûܹʵ컯Ρ컯ڻԪռԾϵȨɵ֮ǰ޷컯ֱӶԿĹܻ컯
ʱľԣȷʵڳԳɾ͵ɵۡ
ñӻȻϣԵʵȥɵײĿģΪ֤һʱ˼һ⡣֮ǰҲɵ˵ˣһѣ


2871 ɾ͵ɵ
ɵĿ𺣬Ӷǳ
ʵǿҲ޷Ԫ־
컯ı֮£Եıͷ໥ںϵļ󣬵ںϣݻںϡ
ҵĲ²⣬ܿȷġѹеļͽš
ڵϣ۷Ѿܳܳʱˡʱ䣬۷ε޵˵ܲʲôǾԾԼӦܹɵۼˡȻʹô֮ﵽɵۼȴͣ𼶡
ԵõĻԪƬ޵µķ򣬿֮ʱƣٴεıסˡ
ƺǬһƣﵽԼпܳɾ͵ɵۡڳõŬ֮£ƺһͬǬһﵽһ޷ʵֵ⣬ɾ͵ɵ֮ǰܽǬһƳΪһ
ǬһΪɾ͵ɵۣǵɵֲܽǬһƴﵽ
ȷʵһͬ
ھʱ˼͸֮󣬾һµĴ󵨵뷨ʼɣԼʼղܳɾ͵ɵ۵ԭ򣬺ܾܿڱͷϡ
ȻҲ޷ȷϾûκεľԽԣֻñӻԪ򣬳һ¿
ǡɵǣøɵ۵ĶսԲ÷䣬ɵۣĻǱȻţɵ۾Զʧȥˡñеɵۣ̫ˣûʲôϣ㱾Ҳܽ磬Ҳ޿ٳɾɵۡ
ֵܡҪͻˣťɵ컯еľԡ
ǵģɵ۵ͷֻǲ֪ܷɹ
ϣܴ󣬶컯ˡǳɾ͵ɵʱҲǲ龰𣿡ťɵһڴ˵
ֵܣ˵ֵǳɾ͵ɵۣܲܵеùɵۣťɵۻһתʵ
ɵ۳Ƭ̣֮˵Ҳ֪˵˫ɵۣڻԪпɴûгֹȫһλ컯ɵۣǵɵۡ¦ҲֻɵܹۡɹڵҲɾɵۣԪУһλ˫ɵۡ
ǿ϶ͬһ㣡ֵܣһҪɹťɵ۸̾
֮ŵĳԱҲĵš
ɽ˺Īɵλϵɵۣھ̾գƺܹ֤һبδе顣
ɵ۵ıͷʼںˣԶйսɵۣ˵
컯⣬ԿľȻԵıͷ֣컯ǰ͸״̬ڻԪɵۣԿԵıͷʼںϡ
ڳĻԪɵۣ֮Ҳһˣûгɾ͵ɵ֮ǰзڵġЩɵۣ޵ĶǱǷĵĵ֮ǵıﵽɵʱҲɢˣȻ뵽֮СһУˮɵġ
ǲһ޵Ƿıһֱڻ磬ŴӻԪռ䡣
ԵıͷںϣȻһͣҲǳ١ڻԪɵ̸֮УͷۿžҪ϶ΪһˡУ컯Ҳ𽥱Ũ컯ڳлԪɵ۶֪÷ǳ
ɵۣҲ˼컯еľԡĹ޷ͻ컯ɵҲǹйİղ󡣶ٴĴһȻƿ컯ΣǽɾͲÿˡɵ˼󣬾ȵȵ˵
ʱľԣ·һȫµء֪ԼƺһЩɵԣһµĲ˼Ը֪£Լԭҡҡ׹΢磬ƺӱ״̬ƽˡ
΢硭ÿһ΢磬һɹ⸲ǡ΢磬·õ
ҺܹоɵתԵʶǰδеĿ
ɵɣɵ֮½Ƿ
ɾ͵ɵۣò컯ǻԪ߼
ֹһЩʱ䡣
Եı뷨Ϊһ塣ԭǺۺͰۣʱҲǳɫ
ͬʱԸоԼ񺣱ˡԪһе򣬶ʧȥϵһ࣬޻ɬ
ǵɵ𣿡
ڵԪͣȻֻеɵۣǻԪ컯ĳɵȻǿ󣬵ò컯ϿɡԺһ˵
ɹˣֵܳɹˣϣӦ˵ɵ۵Ϣťɵ̲ס


2872 һ
ϵϢԣңԶҲ֪
ڳĻԪɵǣ֪ȷʵǽɵˡɵۣǻԪʷһλڵ϶ﵽɵ۲εɵۡ
ɵۣΨһڡ
Ԫ컯־ȫɢȥ컯־޷ɵǸ֪
ʱľԣȷԼ΢ȷʵõ˽һļǿǴȵļǿɾ͵ɵۣܹʱ΢ǿԵԤϡԭΪ͵ȫͬģڿ鲢еô򵥡ĳϵϵ
ৣ
ͷһ۱׷񽣳СԼ׽ʱûдﵽ۱׽ҪԺķһʱɱΪ۱
߶׷ϣʱ嫵ܡ۱ֻɵвܷӳܡ
ֵĵ۱׷񽣣ɵɵۿе׷񽣣ŭ˵
ľԣӣ׷񽣣ɵҲŭ
Сɾ͵ɵˡ˵
ɾ͵ɵΣĴˣһ׵ɱСɣɵ۵ǿһۺȵ
ԣٴεɵֱӶš
ɵڳĬ֮УǳⶸȻҫһû˵ֱӾͶԾչ˹ʵʱɵѾЩҡˣѲٷְȷԼܹɱԡ
𣡡Ըȵ
ɫ׹ۣΪһſȥǷڵ
ڵʱһֱûʩչ𣬶Ϊɵۣ֮Դһǿ幥𣬺ɵıʩչ˳
ڵ򣬺ǳӰײ˹ȥ
ɵ֮Դеʽ𡣡
ʩչ𣬱вɵ˳
ǳӰײѣǿ໥˺˶ļ¸С
ǿôôǿɵʩչļ𣬺ɵʩչļҪˣǸողųɾ͵ɵ𣿡ɵ۳Ծ˵
ʩչļȷʵɵʩչҪǿܶࡣɵǣ⣬ΪԸողųɾ͵ɵۣ˵ڵɵϵӦǵĵˮƽŶԡ
Ծɵۣó֮ɵҡͷ
ɵȷʵͬѰҲ̫ˣһƣҲǴﵽڶɵ۲˰ɣһɵƺЩʡ
ѵҲܼӦðôܹ߶ɵڳ˼
ʵϣʩչ𣬲δ΢㾰΢Ҳܼ𡣾ʩչļ˾޴뾰Գɾ͵ɵۺı仯йء
ǳӰɢ֮󣬿ԿǣԴ·硣ȫɢǳӰȴвܹ˾ԡֻǣдĲɵ۾޷κε˺
ģ̶ֳȵĹǸ㻹ǣɣЦһ׷ɵһȻ֮Դ
ɵͷųǳӰֵǰһûʲô
ģɵŭ
ɵۺƶѾԽԽˣڵϵҲǳǿ󣬶սĿǰȻռ΢ƣһ޷תΪʤƣǾԵ̫ǿ΢һ޷˺ǳɱȥԼҲʧȥΪǰս˲кܴӰ죬ӰŶսʱԽԽ
˵һֱĳɱȥĺܻܿᱻܡ
ȥ룬콫ӻɱɵ۵ԸҲΪܿ˾ϡ
׼ٴζ߶һնɱȻٶ˺Ҳǳ޴󣬿ɵ˴ʱѾûиõѡˣֻƴˡ
ǳǧɱɵ۴һ
ǳĽϣʮǳӰٶȳ֣ɵ۽ʩչһСһʩչɱ˾ɵۡڶʩչش˾Լɱԡʩչɵϣֱܹնɱԡ
ʮǳӰΪɫǺӣ񱩵ĺ᳤ϯԵıҲٴαءһеĿֲѾ̹ˣԼǿޱȵ΢綼ֵס
˿ȫǿĵƶ
ǬǧɱҲһŭӿз
ǬǧɱӦǬһĽڵʱԺķѴʱ䴴Ǭһɾ͵ɵۺǽ
䣡ܽ١
׷ϣһʵĹۣͻȻŷҫĿĹԡŨĹâھԲٿ֮³


2873 
Ǭһʩչʱγһռ䣬Ǭ˼
ǬһǬǧɱγʮռ䣬⼸ʮǬռ㻥ཻ֯һγ˳ǿܡһУпֲĹɱзǳǿķ
ѰĹǶƲ⼸ʮǬռ䡣
ǬǧɱǳǧɱײһǳǧɱɵۺķܼͷųֻγһǳӰ
ƺʵͬǳӰƹ󣬵һռ磬ϸеĻǳӰӦǲǬ羫ǳӰǴĹɱʽɱܲǬǧɱֻڷûпɱԡ
ֲֿľ˵ʽײѤõķ·ܹҫԪռĹαǱˡ
ʲô
֪δ
ɵۣȻ̫ǿˡ
Ҹоһɵ۵ɵǣĶһƬԪռ䡣
ԵǬһЩɵ۶δɵۣ֪ԴǬһԣǵһοǬһǬǧɱסˡ
Ҳǿߵ͵ɵ۵֮ԴǱȽǿĹɱǬǧɱǳǧɱǾ˺ܶࡣ
쿴쿴ɵ۵ǳǧɱڼٱťɵ۾
Եռ˾ԵϷ磡ɽҲǼ˵
ԵѵǱɵ۵Ҫǿ󰡣Īɵһľ̾
ţžԵ˵Ǭǧɱִδ˵֪ǴӺεġɽǵͷҡͷ˵
λǰûһ𣿡ɵۿɽ˺Īɵۡ
ȷʵ˵ˡĪɵ˵
ѵǾԼģɵ˿
ƺܰɣԵողųɾ͵ɵۣδֻԪΪɽ˳

ǬǧɱǳǧɱĽǷֳʤǳǧɱȫڻԪռɢǬǧɱһܣɵɱ˹ȥ
ⲻܣܣɵ۵ϣһ˿֮ɫ
ˣһοɵ¶ŲǶһƺȻɵ۲ˡ
ɵģǱɵۡɵ۵ɵۣҲüǣɵ۵İƣɵۣôܻܣ
ԪУ컯ɵ۲¦ڣ˭ܹĴˣ
ɵµȺˣǾ֣ǲšɵһԽڵľ档
ǬǧɱĲдܣɵۡ
ɵȻһǧһ⣬ʱҲֻȫΪģѾ޷״̬ˡ
ɱһ𣬽׷񽣻ؽɵ˹ȥ
ɵۼԼ͵˳뿪ͷʱǬǧɱסǬǧɱǳǧɱʣѾǺܶ࣬ɵҲ޷˲ͽǬǧɱĲдܻԳɱĽǰûܴǬǧɱһȫѳ
ģɣԻؽݺݵɵն˹ȥ
ɵ۵棬ǿҵķֶγɵĹ⻪ɵ۱СԵؽݺݵնâ֮ϡ
ǰսУҲӽɵۣʱһնɵ۵ķϣһξûܻɵ۵ķ˳ȥΣξͲһˣؽɹĴ̴ɵ۵ķš
Ȼؽ֮󣬱ʧȥ˾ĹȻɵ۴ֱӵ˺ɵ۵壬ûоôǿɵǵɵ۶ɵۣûзֶεıͬɵһҲǺױ˵ġ
ܵҼԳؽһ̳
ۣۣۣ
ĻؽɱǴ̻ɵ۵壬ϳ˺ʮʱȥɵ۵Ϣή࣬˿˿Ѫ
ɶ񣡡
ӣҪɱ㣬Ҫɵ۾һƬЩӡ
ֻǣƴҲ޷ıӽ;ƿݵơģ۾ͱǿףѪҺ˳Ϣ˱ļ
սĻԪɵǣһһĻʱкܶԪɵ۲ԼġǿޱȵɵۣȻҲ
ԪУ޵еĸ߸ϵɵۣѵҪˣ


2874 
ڳĻԪɵۣеľˣǱʶо;ɵǽ޵еġ
ܹɵ۵ˣֻλ컯ɵۺ¦
գۿɵۼɵۻ
ڣɵ۵ķֶɢˡеؽ谭ؽɵؿڴ˽ȥȵ̼Ǻɨɵȫ
ǡǺǡɵ΢΢ţĿʱǱ࣬žԣз΢Ц
벻벻ģջһԪɵ۵ԽԽ΢ǿ仰˵֮ȫɢ
ԳؽȻ
ǿޱȵɵۣնɱˡ
ĴˣĴˡɵһɵۣ촽ѵ˵
Ĵ䣬ô죿һɵۿɵۺɵۡ
ɵµɵۣʵǿľǱɵۺɵۣǵɵۡ
ɵ̫ǿǵвһ߰ɡɵ˵
ɵۻţǿܻǳҳϡɵѾնɱˣǵȻ޴뾰Եƴлʤǻƴһѣڵֺʤ㶼ûС뾰ƴǴ
ǰɵΪģǴĳɵۣɵܹǴôɵۿԸҪĶȥɵۣǲٸκζ
ɵۣһԪͼƿ컯ϧʱ򿪿ڣͳ˵ЩˣΪŰͬء
ǶɵµǶʮɵ˵仰ɱ
ߣ
뿪ɵҪɱǣ
ಡ
ʮɵۣʱٵķӴ
ԵĿ⣬ܵıɵۣ׷֣һмϮ˹ȥɵʩչ˲ƣоֲԼϯֻûƴֵȻʩչļѲɵܹסˡ
ֻһУɵ۱˼һ֮¡
Եѣ˰ɣɽ˿˵
Կɽˡ
ԵѣЩǰɵհɵˣҲʲô˻ˣͷһ·ɣԪĻԪɵҲôһЩǽȫɱˣǻԪɵһӾҪ֮һɽȰԷŹȺԪɵۡ
ðɣԵͷ
ʵԾɱȺɵۣҲģȫ֣Ҳɱмˡģҵ˲롣
ܿģȺɵµĻԪɵۣȫӵӰ١
ֵܣϲնɱɵۡťɵЦŶԾԵ
Ըųʵ컯ɵ۱ȼˣɵҲľԵƨ˫ɵۣبһˣ
λԪԱȫǾԴ˵Ĺ͡飬ҪмԴ˵Ķ£ɵ۸ģֱӾǾԴ˽ˣҲǸ֮ŵĸųݰ
֮ŵˣ˵һЩĻٶһЩάԵ˼
֮ǰԶ˹սɵۣҲвٴھǰġ
Եѣʹ֮ģǰѾɵɵȻѾ֮ɵ۵ӡ£Գ֣֮ɵ۵ӡĪɵ˵
ţԺȥ¡Եͷ
ɵѾˣͷ֮ľ㻹ɵӡʵҲ޷ɵӡԾ˵Ҳʲô£ʱ˾ǡ
λ˼ˣҶɢ˰ɣԶΧڸĻԪɵǵ
Դˣٻᡣ
ԴԺҪ̽ʲôżҪ֣浽

ۼĻԪɵǣ½ɢȥˡܿ죬ֻʣ¸֮ŵһȺɵۣԼɽ˺Īɵۻڡ
֡ϧˣɽ̾Ϣһ
ǰ벻ľȻǿ̶ֳȡջ˾ԵѵСĪɵ۵ͷ
ԵѣҲˣлټɽ˶ԾԹ˹֡
ɽ֣һߡԵѣٻᣡĪɵ۵
ɽ˺Īɵۣһͬ뿪
λȥͷ죬֮ɵ۵ӡԶԸ֮ŵ˵
ãťɵ۵ͷ°Ȼĵֵܣæ֮Ǳ칦Σ
ԡɵɣԪڶʱӦǲʲôˣֵף˵λȥҰɣ


2875 ʧ
졢֮ɵ۵ӡδķѾ̫ʱ䡣
ɴ֮󣬾Ա㷵죬֮ŵڻԪɵף˷޴ʤ
֮ŵĳԭΪɵ۶ԿɵȻѾ֮ŲδɢťɵҲѯʹԵ˼Ե˼Ǳ֮š
칦ϡ
һڴĻԪɵۼ³Ասĸ֮ųԱǺġֻǣǼλΪɵ۶ɵۣʧťɵЩߵ˵
ųˣ罫Ǽ˴Ӹ֮ųǸ֮ţֻܼɫɵ˵
ԣǴӸ֮߳ȥֱɵ۵
ֵܣأťɵۿʵ
ťɵҲþԵθ֮ųûнܡ
ǾͳȥǵְɣԵͷ
ãھ֪ͨһϢťɵۣȡһѶ
֮ǰǱɵۣҪ֮Ա磬ťɵ֪ͨǼûвμӴսɵۡ
ťɵۣһϢֱ𴫸ǼɵۣԼҲ߰˸˵ӡ
ʵʱǼûеսĸ֮ųԱҲڻϵ;һ̸¡
û뵽ܵĻɵۡ߷ɵҡҡͷ˵
ǰΪ֮һսûκʤ㣬Բûǰɵ̾һ
Ҳ룬˭뵽ԸųȻܹնɱɵۣ˵Ըųڴս֮гɾ˵ɵۡ˷ɵ۵
һŪף˵㾰Ըųɾ͵ɵۣҲñôǿ½ĵɵۣжǿս߷ɵɫЩ
ҿܿĳϵ˫ɵۣǿսɵ۳˵
ģ֪ܻ֮ʤҲӦȥǡ˵һδսʤȺÿһֵ˴Դֱӷֵ۱ͻԪ챦ġȥˣҲܷһң֮ŵĳԱһû˷ɵ۵ǺԼûвˡ
߷ɵۺɵ۶ĬƬ̡
ˣûֵûֵɣҲÿ˶ֵܷ۱߻Ԫ챦Դ˵Ҳǿп޵Ķһһ㶼û̫Ӱ졣ɵҰο˵
ţ
ťųҴѶˡ߷ɵ΢΢һ㶵
ͨǿĴѶյťɵ۵Ϣ
߷ɵۣɫʱࡣ
ģұˣ߷ɵ۷ŭĺһ
䣬ɵۺ˷ɵۣҲյťɵ۵ĴѶ
ɶ񣡡
ʲô˶Թ
ͳʲô⣬ӻϡڸ֮ء߷ɵ۲м˵
С߷˷ɵۣҲ֮ûвμⳡսĳԱϵ֪ȫյťɵ۵ϢҶһ֮߳ˡ
ҷ׷
ĳɵ۵˵Ҳû̫ʧôΪġԣ΢һʧ
Ҳʱһɵȴ䣬ͨѶĻɵҪŸ֮ŵĳԱȥ̽Ϲżˣ
ɵۣҲǸողŵõϢ
ʲô˷ɵ۾һ
ɵۣȥ̽Ϲż˭˵ģɵ۵
ϢȷףǾɵ׿ϯ˵ġʱ䣬ڲ֮󡣡õϢɵ۵
Ⱥ֮ųɵۣһӶ˵ˡǰո֪ԼʱǽһߣťɵСӲţ֮⵹ҲûʲôϾûоԼ̫ʧɵ֪ɵۼŸ֮ŵĳԱȥ̽ϹżɾͲһˡ
̽ϹżǾԪɵ۶׷Ķֻǣɵ۶ΪʵϵĲ㣬޷̽Ϲżһûб̽żǼֵǼ侪˵ģɵ˵Ƿǳ˵ġЩϹżڣܴڻԪ챦һЩǳĺϣпܷʷЩԪ͵ı
ɵۣ£ôɵΪԼЧҪҲ̽Ϲżһô£ġ
߷֣ǡô죿˷ɵۿ߷ɵ۵
̽Ϲżֻ˿ɾûˡɵۣɵ۶նɱʵ֮ǿö˵̽żǻϾͲ̫Σˡżͬջֱﰡ˷ɵۼ˵
Ѿ֮ųɵ۲ܻһȥ̽żɣɵü˵
һ취Ҫ¼֮š˷ɵ۵
ֻ¡װ߷ɵҡҡͷ
̽żĻᣬʧҾɵ۲ֻ̽һżǸȥһ˳ϴ󡣡˷ɵһ


2876 챯
ȻťɵǸ֮ŵų˭֪֮ȨصĿ϶ǾԸų
˵֮ųԱȥ̽ϹżҲǾԸųӣûоԸų򣬿˹Ҳ̽һЩͨżԻԪռЩżťɵۡɵҲ
ȥϴ⡭Щɣ߷ɵü
̽żĻᣬʲô߷֣֡ѵǾͲһЩĵɵۣڻԪռ࣬Ҳûʲôڸеġܹɾʹˣťɵۡɵǡ˷ɵĿо
Ǿȥһˣ
Ͷɣɵǿնɱɵ۵ǿڣҲǲܽܡɵۺͳ߷ɵ۶˵ͷ
λɵۣҲٵʱ䣬ϾͶǰ졣
ɵۺɵ֮ŵԭԱҲǴȥɵۡ
ɵͨѶϵ󣬾֮ϣһͬɵۡ
죬ɳǡ
칦绹ڼ֮С
Դˣȥ̽żǿҪ˰оԴڣЩϹżڵΣվͲʲôˡɵ˷֮Ա
ڷţ£Ÿ֮ŵĳԱǰԪ̽Щϵż˴Ϣڶɵ۶Խ㵸
ɵȺˣҪˡֱɵ۴Ц˵
϶ڰǣӶûࡣЩ˶ǽǴӸ֮ųǿ̫ܲ⣬֪ԴҪ̽żǿҪޡʯɵҲɵЦ˵
Ҳں̽żءЦЦ
ںܲںԴˣԪڣ컯ɵۺ¦֮⣬ûܲںϹżɵۿŵ˵
˵ûɵ˵ѰıԴû̫ˡԪɵҪǰУֻܴЩż֮Ѱ취ʣ˭һťɵ۵˵ͷ
˵Żһɵ򲨶٣Ӱɵ۴Ӵ˽
ťųԸųӰɵ۽󣬶ťպ;Թ˹֣˵
Ӱϸ磬ҵ𣿡ֱʵ
ţѾ̽챯ֱһż֮ڡżλãҲѾȷˡżɵ۸漫գҵ޷СӰɵ˵
ڴĴս֮Ӱɵûͬ죬ȥѰ챯˵ˡɵ۹챯˵ɵ۵ʱֻ˵챯ӣû˵챯Ѿ䡣Ϊ챯˻šӰɵ챯˹ϵĪ棬ڴս̶ȥ̽챯˵䡣
ӰɵҲǳɹҵ챯ż
ʵӰɵܹҵҲɵ۱նɱйأɵۻţӰɵۿܾҲ챯ˡ
²˳٣Ҿȥż챯˽ȳվ˵
ֵܣһȥťɵҲվ
ɵۣҲվ
ôһȥɵ۶ѾˣǸ챯żգӦҲܽȥ԰ڰֵ
׸磬ȥɡԿɵۡ
áɵ۵ͷ
λ칦󣬴ұɢ˰ɡ̽ż£ҵ׼һʱ䡣ʱˣһ֪ͨλϡ˵
УǾ͵žֵܵϢˡťɵЦ
ˣҲ͡
֮󣬾ԱɵۺӰɵ뿪˺ɳǣ졣ھ뿪ťɵ۵Ҳɢˣˣ칦Ҳûʲô˼ˡңЩԪɵڴʱ䳤ˣǲڣ컯һֱӰǡ

Ҳ֪챯ˡȥס챯˵ż·ϣԵǵĵ
챯ֵĴ϶ӦûšΪ챯Ѿ䣬иӦġӰɵ˵
ţžͺãֻҪܽȳϵˣָܹġԵͷ
Ӱϸ磬һ£æԻһתڻԪУ̽Ϣǳ컯ɵǿģһڡ
˵Ըų˵Ļʲô֪һλɵģˡӰɵۺԥıӦ
һλɵ۴ҲҪ֪ĻǾͼˡҡͷ
ԣҵǸ磬ǲǾǸ޵½ܵڵĻ磿ɵһӰɵ۵ĶԻ뵽ʱԾһˡ


2877 Ĳ
ʱԶɵ˵Ļ㱻һ޵½ܵٵ޵½ܵĻ硣
ԣҾҵ޵½ܡ磬㱻˻ٵ鶼ڴСҪҵֽɱԵ˵ͷ
ȷʵǸɵҲɱڵĵͺȵ
ԸųûκҵѺѡܹҵҲ֪ҪȥʱˡӰɵü˵
ӦҲ˵ȫûκֹڵĻ磬Ȼֻһ߷˻磬ضڻһЩۼԳŵ
ĻӦû׺ܶࡣӰɵһ
µԺ˵ȵִż챯˾ȳԻһת
˲ڻԪռ˲ƣӽס챯˵żʮǵִ
żģΪӴ󣬲䴦οռ֮Уױ˷֡
ԸųżȻڴɱءҳԹǿгȥȴʧˡӰɵ۶Ծ˵
ȥԵͷ
˿żȥʮʱӴżϵ·ɼԣҲڣڴطǿҵöࡣһɵֲõɱ
ڴܲȷʵǷǳǿһģȽϴɱڡɵĿ
ţ׸绹Ӱϸ磬ǸҺ棬ȳȥƵԿһۡ
ಣֱӾǴ߶Ӱڳ˹ȥ
Խӽڵʱ򣬶ʱǿҵܴżӿԷϯͨĻԪɵвܴ󣬲ھԵϣǾͲʲôˣֻܼһЩԵĳٶȡ
գۼ䣬Ծʹڳ˽ȥڲȷʵһת̿ҵڣȭȥǿǽ۴ݻ٣󽥽ֹͣת
ʱɵۺӰɵҲڴż֮ڡ
ҵˡһ
Ѿ챯˵λáżȻӴ󣬵Ѿǵɵۣɱܲ鿴żռ䡣
챯ڵλ÷ȥ
ʱ챯ˣҲסһ֮ڣ壬Ҳɫס챯˵ϢѾ΢ʱɢĿܡ
챯֣Ӱɵۼǰˣ̲סһ
챯˱۾ƺӰɵ۵΢˶Ǻɫ϶ʱֲƣѹ챯¶ʹ֮ɫ챯ˣѵ۾ӰɵۣоԺɵۡ챯˵ĿУһ˿ƺ뿪˵ȴһֶû˵
һסڲ챯˵Ƶһֱ̤ӱס̧ƣһץżڣʱ񱩣ռ𶯡
꣡ס챯˵ס֮Ǳˡ
һ̤챯˵Ľǰֽϵĺɫϡ
챯ϸ硣Գһ䡣
ûסѹͺɫ챯˵ϢָƽȣɫҲ΢һЩѪɫ̧ͷ˿ԣΪ΢΢
ԣô㲻Ǳø𣿡ѹ챯ˣ֪ʮǰʹص˻Ԫռ䡣
ѴˡЦЦ˵
챯ѡɵҲ˹
ѣ㣬Ҳˣ챯˿ɵ۵
챯֣Ϣץʱ˰ɣӰɵһԵ
У챯һٵ˵
ǿߣżɵ۵ģǴ˽ɵӦѾ֪ˡǵ뿪ȻɵǵǶΣա챯ǵɵʱɱ
챯˵ĻӰɵЦЦ챯֣Ͱ˰ɡɵǲˡ
Ӱϸ˵ûɵǲˡ챯ϸ磬Ͽˣһٽ͡һЩĵҩ¡ڣȲҪ˵ˡȡһЩҩ챯ˡ
챯Ȼɻ󲻽⣬Ϊʲôɵ۲ˣԺӰɵ۶ƶټȷʵǳͿݽߣ˿Ҳ̽лָ
¾Ըĵҩ֮ЧͼӰⵤҩ̺ЧõģЧȻ
˰ʱң챯˵Ϣȶʱ챯˵ΣǽˣֻҪָɡ


2878 ȥť
챯˵Ϣȶ֮ʱֹͣ˻ָ
վŵһԵľɵۡɵۺӰɵۣʱ챯ˣʡ
ѣǰд˵ˣЩȥ챯˲֪ɵ۽磬ԪռҲû֪ȫһλ컯ɵۣ˽ʵҲࡣ
ȻˣҲвٻԪɵ۾ɵûɣֻǶ
ɵҪΪЧûԸҪҡҵʵ޷⣬ûа취ҵ¦磬ҲǻԪ˵ʵһ硣ɵ۽͵
ԭ챯˵ͷ
˵¦ԡףѾɵˣ챯ŷϵɵ۵Ϣ
ֻɵۣ챯˿ܻ޷֣ھǵɵۣϵĲԪɵˡ
ţѳɾͻԪɵۡЦ˵¦ҷŵ磬ȷʵҲǹģΪĥҡ
ѹ֣ѹְ챯˸п
Ȼɫһ˵ɵ۲ʲô˼
챯ʮǰɵץסѹżڣʮ緢һ֪
ɵѾˣȻٳ֡ӰɵЦ
ɵۡʲôɵˣ
ɵôʵѵ컯ɵ۴˳𣿡챯𾪵
ǣλ컯ɵۺ¦ܾûˣ˵ǽ˻Ԫ֮ûйɱɵ۵ģǾԸųӰɵɫ
Ӱɵ۵Ļ챯۾ɵùԲŵĿӰɵۣӰ˵ʲôʲôԸųɱɵۣ㾰ԳɾͻԪɵۣҲɵ۶֣ɱɵۣ
ȷʵġɵۺǺһЦ
챯֣㱻Щʮ꣬ʱ䷢˺ܶ顣Ӱɵۿ챯ˣʼʱ飬ӾɾɵۻعԪɵҪԪ컯ٵյһսͻƵɵ۳ɹնɱɵۡ
챯Ӱɵ۵ĽҲ̾
벻벻ԵѾȻ˵ǿܹնɱɵۣԵѵʵǴﵽ컯ɵ۵Ĳ˰ɡɵۣҲǸͼ컯컯治֪Ὣʲôӡ챯˺һ
챯ϸ磬뿪żɡȻȥ㻹Ҫúָһʱ䡣Կڵ
ţ߰ɣ
ߣ
ĸˣͬʱż챯ˣԼĻԪҲǻص졣ΪҲǵɵۣԻԪ컯ͬųʱڣԾ첻ԶĵطҲһСżĶǾԼģťɵ۵ĻԪ
ӰɵҲʱ뾰Էֿ֮ǰӰɵ۰æѰһ磬ھͿʼԣҲһոճɾ͵ɵۣҪһʱʵɱ䡣ǬһγɵǬǧػԴһһ¡
׽ҲҪµĹ滮׽ɵ۱ǾԵı۱Կǵǣܷñ׽ʺϵܳɵ۵
ھ׼չһʱ䣬úһı仯ʱ򣬹ȵɵ۵ԭ֮ųԱ˾ԵĶ֮⡣
˵ִ󣬾ʹϢ֪˾ɵۻԪڡ
˵˾ԵĶ֪ɵԼûбŲҲûùɵ˽ԼĻԪԳ˶
Դˡɵ۵˼ԣļ
£Կһۡ
ˣǲʲôøСڸ֮ΪҪǵʱȴˣȱٵԲϲ
ԴˣǴˡһսûвμӣǲԡɵ˵
ԴˣȷʵʶԼĴ뾰Դٸһλᣬ¼֮š˷ɵҲϿҵ˵
԰˰˵Ǳ֮ţťųľ»ص֮ţӦֱȥťųͬǻǲᷴԵġ
Դˣ㲻̬ťųҲͬⰡ߷ɵʶĵ
ҲΪʵҾã֮ǰûв봨սѾ֮ŸˡڣֺαҪأˣһ£ǻȥɣٴΰֵ
ԴˣʵҲɵ򰡣ֻǡɵ̫ǿˣˡ޾£ΪԪɵۣĲɵ۳


2879 ػ
ɵۡɵ۵ˣԾԽԼΪûвμӴս
ֻǣǵĽԵú
ηɵۺɵȷʵǳǿ󣬻Ԫ˺ܶࡣ˵
ΪɵۣԾܾɵ۵˶սԴҲۡҸ˵Ҳ˾÷ŭһǲҪǣǱ֮֮߳ǰǻǸ֮ŵĳԱǼ֮ŵʱ򣬾֪֮ŵĿǶԿɵۡǳΪ֮ŵһԱȴûܾԼΣҲǺġ
ɵۡɵڻԪռǺܺãںܶУǱȽ˽ˣǲûΪɵǿͱܶսҾãǲԾɵΪԼѣҲͬɡ˵
Դˡ
⼸ɵۻԡ
ˣ˵ҵĶѾ˵ˡǻΪԼĻȥťųʾ⼸ɵۿ뿪ˡ
Դˣ˵ҪŸ֮ŵĳԱ̽ż𣿡˷ɵʵ
ԣĴ㡣Գϡ
Դ˿ɷһȥ˷ɵֵ
ģ̽ż»ص֮šֻҪԿϴǣǲظ֮Ҳһ
Ҳһȥ̽żҡͷ
ƾʲôƾʲôȥ̽żȴǣɵۼˣ˵ЦĻ
ҪƾʲôҾǲǼȥ̽żڣǿԹˣԳߣԵɫҲĶ⼸ɵۡ
ɵ۵ֻоһ˿ϮȫȻɵܹնɱɵ۵Ŀ´ڣŭ˾ɵۣǾԲһ˿õ顣
ɣһͺȡ
ƵܻܲԪ
ɵ۵ɫ䣬Ȼǿתжȥ
ȥťɵۣ뿪ԵĶ˷ɵ˵
ʲôãťɵۣǵǾԵģɵ۳
ô죿˷ɵΡ
ˣҲĬǶԾԶԹߣǾԲ뾰ԵģԹҲֻѹС
ɵ˸֮󣬾Աǿʼ˱Ƚıչء
αչأҪ˼¡һ£ϸճɾ͵ĸֱ仯ڶ£ǼϤǬǧػһԼ£ǽһĲԪƬõɵ۵ЩԪƬ󣬾ӵеĻԪƬǱȽ϶ˡļ£ǳԸ׽ɱΪһǿĵ۱
Եαչأʮ꣬ڸչǳͨоԪƬǬǧػǴﵽ˼¡оǣ׽ĸҲɣɱ䣬׽Ϊ۱Ҳֻʱϵˡ
һգӰɵԵĶǽӵ˾ԵĴѶŸ
ԸųңӰɵۼԺ
ţӰϸ磬Ƿʱ䣿ʵ
ûʲôҪæǱȽϿСӰɵ۵
ãӰϸ磬һ˰ɡȥҵļ硣ЦЦ
ô˵Ӱɵ۵ͷ֪ҪǰǸɵ۴Ļ磬ܷҵֽ޵½ܵĺۼ
û⣬ڳӰɵ۵ͷ
ţ߰ɣԶԻػ磬ҲǱȽڴġ
ı壬ǰȻһֱڻأ뿪ҲʮˡңλȥŴĶԴȥԣҪԼˡ˵ȣ̤һµĽ׶Ρڻʱ򣬿ûлԪռĸֱ
ʮ󣬾ԺӰɵ۱ص硣ˣɵĽУҲӰɵ۽硣
ֻǣɵڻڣɲܷſ߶򣬻޷һԪɵȫʩչġԪɵۣ㹻ٵһ硣
磬һģ޴ĳС
УھԵġںˣ϶ʱڡ
ѩ߷ŮоԵһ˫ŮԵĸĸȵȣСһ徰ҵĴӪСңĵһˡǰЩҲھҵĹϽ֮£档
磬ǷǳȻ
ȻˣΪ޵ܹиĶԼʵҲƿе顣һЩսɱ¾ȻǴڵġ˶ݵ棬ôһ³ضûѹôһоͶʧȥ˶
Ĳ˵˵һ㡣һڣԴ޵ģ˿ڳһޣôض˿ѵֶΣͨɿصս


2880 
磬ʥԳǡ
ԺӰɵ۽ֱӾʥԳǡ
ķ̶ȣҲȻԪӰɵۿŷʥԳǣп˵
ڻ磬޷Ԫɵ۵ģеľͷˡ𾳽磬ҲǳԴﵽһУﵽ֮һҲˡ磬վǱȲϻԪ򰡣Ե
ţϾǵһȼ硣Ӱɵ۵ͷ
˵䣬˾ҵĸۡڻڣֱƿźܶĳУʥԳǾҵĴӪߵһȺˣȫסʥԳǡ
ˣˣ
ԺӰɵ֮ۡǰоҵԱ˶ˡ
߰ĺҸۡڱ궯Ƭʱ䣬µԱӭӡ
๫߷Ⱥǰ֮ϲغ
ԵıȻǰһֱڻڣһα뿪Ҳʮʱˡ
ЦС
ԡѩҲߵǰ
סѩ֡
Ŀ⿴һԣվŵԼĸ׾¼Ϻĸ׳ǡ¼ϺͳǣоȻߣдԴԾ¼ϺͳҲһֱõĻڡ
סĸףԶԾ¼ϺͳǼ
ͺãͺã¼ϺͳǶϲá
״ˣƽ;ѩ߹Ծд
񾰶ѩҲǴﵽ𾳽磬ƽǲһ硣ѩ;ƽʵǷǳǿģֻڻڣҪﵽ֮ȷʵ̫ˡ
ض񣡡ԶԼһ˫Ů˰Ц˵
ݼ棡ۡڵľԱȫȥ
ҵǷǳģʥԳǾҴӪԱֻҵһֶѡֻΪľӵܣпڴӪȻˣûڴӪľҵӣҲһЩǼġڹ磬һЩҪĵطҪɳȥ𣬾ȻҲЩӹȥ¡
ˣҶɢ˰ɣûʲôر顣һ
ľӵܣǷ׷ɢȥܿģֻʣ뾰Ϊܵļˡ
һ£λӰϸ磬ӰϸǻԪɵۡڳ˽ߵӰɵۡ
ѩ߷ǣ֮ǰҲͨԱ壬ٶԻԪһ˽⡣Ҳ֪ԪɵǻԪΪǿ޵ߡ˵λ۵һԪɵۺ˶Щ𶯣Ĵк
ӰϸλһҪԺӰϸ绹Ҫȥһˡ˵
ԣ㻹Ҫ뿪𣿡ѩʵ
ţҪ뿪ġλǻ綺һʱ䡣Եͷ˵
˼һ棬򵥵˵һЩ֮󣬾ԱӰɵ뿪ʥԳǡ
󣬾ԺӰɵ۳ĳ޵½ܴսĵطԾطնɱ޵½ܵķȻѾȥ˺ܳʱ䣬ԻԪɵ۵ӦǿͨǿֶΣѰҵһЩġ
Ӱϸ磬طˡǹռ䡣׸ط˻ԪǸ޵½ܵҪõԪƿһ硣ԶӰɵ˵
ţˣӰɵ̧ƣʱֲ
ԳܻԪɵȫתûģϾҲǱȽϸ߶˵磬ǱȻԪһЩѡ
ûȥ̫ʱ䣬Ӱɵ۾ֹͣ߶˵
ˣҴѾ֪Ǹ޵½ܵӡǡȻѾģܹһЩӰɵ۶Ծ˵
ܷҵ޵½ڵĻ磿ʵ
ӦǿԵģҪһЩʱ䡣Ӱɵ۾ҵ޵½ܵİջǱȽϴġ
ãӰϸ磬鷳ˡԵ
ųɲҪҿʲô鷳СѣӰɵЦŰڰ֡
ߣٻʥԳǣӰϸ磬Ҳڻסһʱ䡣Ե
ãҾﶺһʱ䡣ӰɵûоܾԵ롣
ӰɵʥԳסʮʱ䣬ԸǣҪػԪռ䣬ﾰѰǸ޵½ڵĻ硣ûӰɵһͬ뿪磬ڻӰɵ۵Ϣ
ھ׽Уֻаѩ;ѩ֮Դ㣬еԴٰ߷ƽо˳һ֮ȻһܹɹԾеԴϣͦġﵽ֮ǿԳԽԪˣڻڣԶûлΪԪɵۡ


2881 ҵ
ʱ֮󣬾ԱðѩǽԪ
Ȼˣ¼ãҪԪҪĴȡԣѭ򽥽İߵ¡
ʱһζ
һգԽӵ˴ӻԪռ䴫һѶϢӰɵ۸ԴݵѶϢ޵½ڵĻ磬Ѿҵˡ
޵½ܣǾԱɱ֮ˡ
ȻڵԱȣ޵½ھǰһĶԻҪ˵ģΪ걻޵½ɱЩ鱨һ㣬þԶ޵½ܲɱ֮ˡ
ʵϣԽԪһҪҪ޵½ܱΪһ㣬ǾԾǻԪʱҲضƳٺܾáʱľԣҲܵ޵½ܻٴɱԼĻ硣
ߵȡѩ˵֮󣬾Է˻Ԫռ䣬ӰɵѾĶˡ
Ӱϸ磬ȷλˣԼӰɵۺʵ
ţѾȷǸ޵½ܵӦûţûнԪ򣬴һֱǸڡӰɵ۵ͷ
ģĿһʵ
Ӱɵһͨ޵½ڻλ˾ԡ
Ըų޵½ڵǸ磬Ҳһλɵ۴ġӰɵת˵
磬ʵǻԪɵ۴ġڻԪУֻٲֻ磬ȻȻ磬ѶǷǳģҪܶԪɵ۴ͼ࣬ͨĻԪɵҲֻҪлԪӼɡ
Ŷһλɵģʵ
ƾɵۣһλϵɵۣԪʱʹڵġӰɵ˵ƾɵƢȽϹŹ֣ԸųҪǸɱ޵½ܣƾɵͨ
ԵȻ֪ƾɵۣλɵҲǻԪռǳĴڣɽˡĪɵǣͬһĻԪǿߡ
ţֻǣƾɵƺ¶棬֪ʱסʲôطӰϸ磬а취ϵԵͷ˵
ԵȻƾɵۣϾƾɵ죬ԼҪնɱһǰƾɵ۹ͨһ£ܹ鲻̫á˵ƾɵƢŹ֣һɵֻۣҲþԶ䲻ء
ƾɵȷʵأҲ֪䶴ڡϵûа취ģɽĪλǰӦƾɵϵġӰɵҡҡͷЦ˵
ɽǰæٴεͷ˵
ϴڴ֮ɵ۴սɽ˺Īɵ۶ڳҲλɵ۵緽ʽͨɽ˻ĪɵۣӦǿƾɵϵϡ
ǽɻҪʲôӰɵʵ
Ӱϸ磬лˣ㣬֪Ҫʱҵ޵½ܡЦЦģһ˾ˡ
ҿС顣ôҵ޵½ڻ磬Ҳĳɷ֡컯ҲǲϣǸ޵½̫ܵˡӰɵЦ˵
Ӱɵ뿪֮󣬾ԱôѶɽϵȷɽ˴ʱԼĶں󣬾Աһɽ˵Ķȥˡ
ʮ֮󣬾Եִɽ˵ĶɽλϵɵۣԳӭ˽ȥ
Եѣ£ɽ˿žѯʡ
ǰôѶʱ򣬾û˵ʲô顣
ɽǰԶɽ˹˹֡
ԵѡɽЦŰֵǰҿɲҵǰƺǻԵưɡ
ҲãԵͷιȷʵһҪɽѰæ
Ե˵ֻҪܰϵġɽ΢΢ȣ˵
ԾԵʲôҪɽæģ
ƾɵ۹ͨԪпûмϵƾɵֻۣɽ㡣ֱ˵
ҪƾɵۣԵѣܲ˵˵ƾɵΪʲô飿ɽüžԡ
һˣƾɵ۴һڡƾɵۣ˵һ£һǸնɱǸˡԵ
˵ɽͷˡɽˣҲǵľƾɵҪƾɵ۲ֻ֪ɱƾɵһڵһ飬ûʲôˡҲҪٵǸ磬ֻɱһˡ
ԵѣҲܾûƾɵϵˣܲϣҲұ֤ڣҾͳһ¿ɽ˶Ծ˵
ãлɽˡԵл
ɽȡԼĴѶƾɵ۴һѶϢ뾰Եƾɵ۵ĻӦ


2882 ʹ
ŵȴƾɵۻѶʱ䣬ɽҲԶһЩоԳ˵顣
ԴˣûʲôҪɽġ
޵½ܣζû뵽Լһλڰɣɽ˵
벻ܹɾͻԪɵۡЦЦ˵޵½Ҳǲ͵ˣҵļ磬ڴС
뵽Լڻ޵½ܵһսҲǲЩпһսȷʵǳңԼηûԪϿԼô޵½ܿѾõˡ
޵½֪һλԪɵ׼ˣ֪ʲôӦɽҲЦЦ
ܿͻ֪ˡ˵
ţƾɵȴһֱûиɽ˻Ѷ
ɽ˵Ķһµʱ䣬ƾɵҲûɽ˴ѶԶɱ޵½ܣҲһʱɽ˵Ķȥˡ
ɽ˵
Եѣƾɵ۾ӣȷʵܾûϵˡǰϵʱҲܳʱ䲻ظɽ˿Ц˵Ѷ̴֮Ѷ㡣
ã鷳ɽˡԵͷ
뿪ɽ˵ĶԻصԼĶû̾ȥ޵½ڵĻ硣ǱϾɱ޵½ܣԾٵȵҲǿԵġ
ʵƾɵֻͨĻԪɵۣҲԼʵǿ󣬾ƻǡ
֮
ɽˣǽӵƾɵ۵ѶϢ
ɽôпմѶңƾɵ˵
ƾ֣ǸһѶˡɽЦ˵
ڻԪҵһԶżողŽżڴ򿪡ƾɵۻӦ˵ǽΪôòŻѶ
ɽ£ƾɵתʵ
ţȷʵһ˵ɽ˴Ѷ˵ģԵһˣһСԵѣɱ˴ˣ֪ǻ㴴죬޷ϵ㣬ԱҰæ
ŶƾɵЩ⡣
Ҫɱˣ˭ƾɵ۶һʵ
ֽ޵½ܣֹԵѵļ磬ƺɱ˲ˣԾԵҪɱΪЩȥ鱨𡣡ɽ˵
޵½ܣƾɵ΢΢һ֪ˣ֮޵ߣȷʵһе顣
һڣǷǳǳٵģһڷǳԶĻ磬ܵһҲͼѡƾɵ۴ĻȻһ֪ԼЩе飬ҲǺ顣
ѾǻԪռǿɵ֮һΣαػ׷ŵһС²أƾɵЩõ˵
ƾɵȻûв뵽һսȻҲ˵˾ɵ۵Ĵսɵ˾ɵ۵С
⡭ɽЩĵҲǻеһ飬ƾ֣Ӧ˾ǣҲûʲôӰ졣Ϣȥ֪ɵֻǸѣҲԴ˶˵ʲô
֪˼£ǵһȥ˵ɡƾɵûֱӴӦ
Ҳãʲôʱܻɽʶĵͷ
˵׼ˣҸոմԶż׼Уһ˳ĻܼԻȥˡǲ˳ĻǺķѼʱҲܡƾɵ˵
ôʱ䣿ɽü
˳ҲҪʱ䣬ɵܵô
ԡˣ׼ҪżˣʲôԺ˵ƾɵۻ󣬱жɽ˵ĴѶ
ɽгŴѶ¶Цı飬ҡҡͷ
ƾԸ񰡣һС£αҪɵ۲ʹأԼʲôôɽ˵˵
УǰﾰԴݸѶϢѡȻƾɵ˵ˣͽƾɵ۵˼߾ɵ۾ͳˡھɵۻô룬᲻ɽҲܲôˡ
ԵѣɽִѶԡ
ԼڵľԣͨѶɽ˶Ի
ɽѣƾɵлѶˣԼɽ˴ѶЦʵ
ţƾɵ۴ʱڻԪ̽һԶżһʱڴżڣԸողŻӮҵĴѶɽ˵ѾҪ飬ƾɵۣƾɵ۵˼ǣӻԪ˵
ɽ˵ü
ƾɵۣʲôʱܴӻԪʵ
ӦҲ̫ʱɡʱ䣬Ϳܻˡ˵Ҳǵָһ˲ѡɽЦЦ


2883 ô
ɽ˵ⷬ΢Щƫƾɵ۵ģȻֻǲ뾰ɵƾɵ۹ϵŪ̫ˡ
ţ֪ˡɽѣٴθлæѶ˵
ɽ˽Ѷ֮󣬾Ե˶һ㺮⡣УȷʵЩŭġ
ԭΪƾɵۻˬӦ£Ͼƾɵ˵ʲôʧֻҪʹĴӦ£ԶҲ顣û뵽ƾɵ۾Ȼܾˡ
˵ʲôӻԪռ˵̫Цˡһ仰ʱҪϼʱ䣿
֮ڶ֮ǰר취磬ͨ£ƾǺǡλƾɵۣôҾ𣿡Цһ
Ȼˣһôʲô
ֱȥ磬նɱ޵½ܱǡԿɲɰͰ͵ĵϼʱ䣬ƾɵ۴ӻԪ
˾֮󣬾Ա㶯ǰ޵½ڵĻ硣
磬Ҳ̫Զֻ˼ʱ䣬Աǵִ֮⡣
Ҫ磬ɲǾһͷġ磬Ǿƿصġƾɵ죬籾Ѿ˵ǵȻҲ֮硣Ҫ룬ҪôõǵҪôǿдƿȻ롣
ڻͣƬ̣ԱǷų͸硣Ƿǳϵģڲ֮޵ߣ޵½ֻ֮һ
ĵֽܣһŮ޵ߡ
ܵʱԼסʥ֮ڡǻĵƿߡڣȻ֮޵ߣͬܿ⡣ʵϣƿҪɱⲢһ£ΪԵ
λһֱδƹܵҲλڡ
ţܱĿĬĬתķʱһµͻȻǽ
ͻı仯ܵһ۾۲ܡ
ʲôˣܵһȡ
ʶ˲ڽǴӻ⴫ġ
ڻ֮⣬ԽݵԷľ磬Ѿˡ
ĵҰɣԵ̺ϢֱӴݵܵԺ֮С
֮޵ߣ뿪ġ޵½ܵһ߷˾Եļ硣
ܵɫһ
֪Է϶һԪɵۡԻԪɵۣ޷ضԴȻǵڻڣ޵еġһԪɵۣݻٵһġ綼ˣ޵Ҳˮ¾лˡ
ܵƬ̣Ǿ磬һλͻȻĻԪɵۡԷȻûֱӹ磬˵ԷҪݻĿԲԷҪٵ磬ֺαרһأ
ˣܵ˻磬ոճǸоǰŤһɫӰ˽
ˣܵæͷ
һλԪɵǰǾ
ʲô֣ʵ
Ե磬֪ϵȷĵǣԲ֪Է֡
ش˻ܣҲĵܵ˵
ţԵͷ
ܵҪ磬ɱһ޵½ܵڣϣҽȥԶܵ˵
ʲôܵһ¡
ɱ޵½ܺ󣬱뿪Լ磬ʲôӰ졣Ҳٵ磬Բ˵У޵½ˣұɱԵͳ˵
ǸܣܲӦԽ磬Ծͻƿ硣Ļܵ磬ܵǣ
λˣܵһ
Сĵ̧ͷӡ
磬ƾ˴ģʶƾɵ۴𣿡ܵõʵ
Ҳ֪ƾɵۣƾɵۼ棬֪һ磬ƾɵ۴죬ƾɵǷǳǿĻԪɵۣڻԪ֮УҲûм˸Ҳƾɵӡ
ܵأЦЦĿܵ
һԵĻɵ۾ˡλǷʶƾɵ۴ˣԷ϶֪ƾ˴ˡ
˵һЩɣ޵½ܣұɱɡƾɵһҪɱ޵½ܡֵ˵һ䡣


2884 նɱ޵½
˵ƾɵҲ޷ֹɱ޵½ܣܵԴ˲ΪȻ֪ƾɵǻԪΪǿɵ֮һþһ˵󻰡
ǲòþԽ磬Ϊƾɵ۲ûֹλԪɵۡþǿƹƻ磬öԷ롣޵½ܵҲ˲ˡ
ܵԴžԣ޵½ܵľ֪Դ·¾ԶԻɸƻڵ뷨Ҳܼ򵥣þԾĴȻ뿪ԼĻ硣
޵½ܵľҲһΰӴ󹬵
Ǻǣ޵½ܻǻ֡ɨ֮Цһ˵
ԿӴĽڣòŮˣЩŮӸвĵΪȻǾϸѡġ
޵½֮ϼﵽ壬Ҳעˡܵһ˵
ˣ㣬ΪһҪɱ޵½𣿡ܵתһ䡣
ġԼ򵥵˵һ䡣
г𣿡ܵü
޵½ܣôһλɵ۴˽Թأܻ˽һѾн޵½ܵĹ
һ̻Ի͵ڣ޵½ʮŮź
ǴȥԵĻ磬޵½ʧԼķͬ޵߿ķʵܵ΢ûʲôôȴǷǳģ뱾弸ȵʵûˣ޵½ʧǳ
Ǵʧ֮޵½ҲȥǸ磬ֲ̫ðա𾳽ʵǺյģѾûˣ岻ðաҲãԼҵǸҲѾеˣûʲôٽռ
ԪУҵһĻǷǳѵģ˵кܴĳɷҪû˷޵½ܣ͸ҵˡԣԴǴʧ֮޵½ܱҲû뿪硣
޵½̵һŮȣͻȻ˴Ϣ˽
һۿģܵ
վЦ˵Ϣľͽҵľ̫ʰɣ
޵½ܵ˼˵ܵû֮ͬ¾ðȻ߽ЩˡȻ޵½Ҳܵڻˡ˵ֻ΢ԼĲ
ܵ޵½ܣҡͷ̾һ
޵½ܣּˡԿˡ
Ժܵһͬģ޵½ܵȻ˾ԣʶĽԸԵˡϾھԱߵܵƿߡ
ԵĻ޵½ܲ½Ŀ⿴ԡһʱþԺ죬Լƺʲôط
Ǻˣ޵½üʵ
޵½ܣôҲﵽ֮Իô𣿡˵
ţ
㡭ǡ
ôܣ޵½һ˹ı飬ϳ˾ԡ
Ȼ뾰Խֵģֻķ뷨ڻԪͨϷʲôʲôˣҲǻ֪ġ
ô޵½ζ벻ԻͻȻǰ
ףôǸҵԼڻġ
ôҲ˵һҵ㣬Ȼɱ㣡Ϸʵ޵½ܵ
޵½תĿܵ
ʲô˼Щ꣬ҶҲ㹻أΪδ޵½ܷŭıܵ˵
޵½ܣλɵ۴ˡ㵽ʲôطλˣϽǸϴϷܵ
ʲʲôɵۡˣôܣ޵½ˡ
޵½ܣգڣڣɣԲ޵½ܷϻ
仰˵ֱ̧֮Ƕ޵½һָڣʱ⡣ԾԵһָ޵½ȫûеֵ֮
޵½ܸоٽƴ˻ߵĺ
ܵҡ޵½ܵȡ
Ȼû˵꣬ھԵһָ֮»ΪޡЩ޵Ů͵Ŀ⿴žԻѾΪ޵޵½ܷڵλá
ЩŮȻвĵΪǵļʶޣԪɵνǵ޵½ܾ޵еģǿ顣磬Ҳֻܵ޵½ܸΪǿ󡣿ڣۿǿޱȵ޵½һһָ͵ˣһҶûʣ¡
ǡһˣʲôˣ
ţܵƺᵽʲôɵ۴ˣɵʲô


2885 ʲô
ʵܵʱҲ쳣𺳡
ĵҲǺѽӴԪɵ۵ģֻǶԻԪɵһģ֪ˡһҲͼ˻Ĵƾɵۡ
˵ǻڵ𣬾ڻԪ֮ڣԪɵҲôסѾķã׼ɵԪɵ۳Ǿ͸ˡ
ԣܵһָ͵ɱ޵½ܣҲǱڵвңҿԼûоܾλɵ۴˽硣Ԫɵ۵ǿȷʵԶģ
һܵЩŮеԸ̷޵½ܣеǱ޵½ܱȡһ֣ڶˡ޵½ѾҲ뿪ˡ
ЩŮ˶ӡ
ܵٻᡣԶܵ˵ͷº󣬾Աʧ˵֮С
޵½ԴȥȡܵɣҲǸһô
նɱ޵½֮󣬾ûֱӳ˻磬ػԪԼĶ
׸磬ȥ̽Ϲżɣ
Ӱϸ磬׼ȥ̽ż
ҹ½㡭
Ը֮ŵĳԱһѶϢҹɵȻûм֮ţԾҹɵ۵ĹϵȻҪҹɵһͬ̽żԴˣ֮ųԱҲûҪ̽żҪָžԸųԸųҹɵʲô˵ҹɵۻһλųɵ۵á
֮ųԱӵԵĴѶ֮󣬶̶ԵĶһ֮иĳԱȫִ
ң˷ܣڴŴ˴ȥԪ̽żܹдջ
ԴӣʮԪɵۣԪһֱ˲Ʒʽ·Ϊ·;ʵңԶȻҪķѴʱ·ϡڳۣвͨģٶ̫ǳҪִԪǹ·¾Ҫá
Ԫɵۣ֪ɵ۴Ÿ֮ųԱȥ̽ż󣬶Ľѡ
ƾɵ۴һϹż˳
ģ
װ˷Ϸһʱ䡣ƾɵŭһ
żڣûջżǱ̽ģмֵĶҲͱ˴ˡżڵһЩյغȻȻڣҲһʱ䡣
ƾɵۻعֽżڱƻĺۼһ£俴ȥƺû˽ӡ֮ʵһ˲ѵԼһʱ䣬úҲ
ƾɵôѶɽ˴һѶϢ
һǰɽ˴Ѷ˵ǾɵҪһնɱ޵½ܡ£ƾɵ۵Ȼˡôǿƣĵ׶Ծɵ۾ӣǱϾɱɵ۵ǿˡ
ɽ˵ʲô޵½Ѿɱˣƾɵ۸ոմɽõϢ
նɱ޵½ܣⱾʲô£ɽ˶رעȻ֪޵½ܱŪˡ
ԣǾɵԳֻɱġɽ˵
Ҳ˵һȥ˵𣿡ƾɵŭĵ
ɵۿǲôʱɣƾ֣ʵ㵱ʱ͸õͷһ仰ѡˣɵ۶Ҳġɽ̾˵
ߣƾҪ飿ƾɵŭɶҲ̫ƾˡΪԼɱɵۣǻԪһˣʲô⣬ɵڳһˣ
ƾɵȻջո̽żװ׺ķһʱ䱾ͷǳĲʹ죬˵ɵûԼͽԼĻնɱһСƢˡ
ƾ֣ǧҪ嶯£ͲҪ˰ɣ͵֪ˡɽ˶ƾɵȰ˵
뾰ɵ۳ͻǾԲǵľٶɵۣǹϵĻԪĵˡɽãɵ۵ʵܹ컯ɵˡĿǰв컯ɵۣ컯ɵɱԣҲôס
Ҳô˵ģҵ뿴ǲôǿƾԻԪʱٻԪԵɽԴʱںδƾҪƾɵ۰ĵ
ƾ֣ǧҪɽ˼ٵ
ںδ㲻˵ҾԼ飡ƾɵ۾ǿĵ
ɵĿǰ򸽽ѾԪˣҲ̽Ϲż߻Ŷʮ׽ɵۡɽ˵ȻǼϸġ
ţжϴѶˣɽ˿еĴѶѾʧȥƾɵ۵


2886 컯
Դ˴δŸ֮ŵĳԱڻԪһ̽Ѱ˾ʱ䡣ʱ̽ϹżһϹżֵܴ󣬸֮ųԱڴżڶвջһżѾǱɵֵ̽Խϵ͡
Ϲż֮ڣҲֻҵһöԪƬƬСֻаô󣬶Ծ˵ֻʤˡ
ʵ̽żʱ䲢ż̽ʱҲһʱ䣬ʱҪ˷ѰżˡʱܹҵżҲˡϹżҲҾҵġ
󣬾ԴŸ֮ŵĶ鷵ء
ԭƻǴŸ֮ųԱ̽żģϾһλԪҲǺ׵顣Ȼ̽ڶżʱӵɽ˺Īɵ˵ĴѶλϵɵ۸߾ԣ¦һɵѾþԻȥ¡
ԾڵʵҲȫʸ뵽Ǹδڵıˡ
һ̽ż͵ɣԺлᣬԶԸ֮˵
֮ŵȺԪɵۣһδÿ˶ڴ˴̽кܴջȻҪ̽żоɵڣżЩΣͨ޷̫˺
Ҳ֪ɵ۷ػԪǱߣ¦컯ɵҪ飬֪أǲ˵ʲô
ԻصԼʱ򣬱ɽ˾ǵ
Եѡ
ɽѡ˼棬໥򵥵Ĵ˸к
ɽѣһǰ¦ǰˣȫǰûл𣿡ʵ
ţȫ˻ڻԪһɴ˺¦λڴӻԪһټԪɵ۵컯ʶ£дҪˡɽ˵ͷ˵
컯񹬣ԪԶ
ټɵۺܶࣿĿ΢΢һ
ţټ˺ܶɵۣڶɵ۶ټεɵҲǰ컯񹬡ɽ˵ͷ˵
ھȥ컯񹬣ʡ
ԣѾвɵ۵ִ컯ˣһɴרŵ㡣ɽ˵
ɵ۶ټ˵ɵۡťɵЩԪɵۣҲҪȥ컯񹬡
Ǿͳǰ컯񹬰ɣ׸硢ťų۵ѣһߡԿɵ˵
֮ŵȺԱǸžһӻԪģŸոչһûɢȥ
ҲҪȥ𣿡ɵƺЩܳӡ
ʵɵǴﲻεģڶ츳ʱսɵ֮С
۵ûҪæһȥɡЦЦ˵
ãɵӦЩ˷֮ɫ
ԡɽˡɵۡťɵۻɵˣ컯񹬸ȥ֮ųԱǸɢȥ
һʱ˱ǵִ컯ڡ컯񹬸ܹӦԪĴˡԪϣлԪɵ۵֡Ԫռڵɵֻۣ¦λɵֲڻԪ֮ϡԵ֣Ҳɾ͵ɵ֮˻Ԫ
컯⣬Ƿֱӽ컯ʱһǺȻ
Ƕɣ̺Ϣ
һɴ˴ֱӽȥɽ˿ڵ
ţ߰ɣԵͷ
˽컯񹬣컯֮ڣ۾ܿɽɽţмһɽߣɽԵ˺ܶࡣ
˽񹬺󣬱ƲʴӸ߿մƯͣǰ˶һۣȵƶ֮ϡƶٴοƶžԵɽɽۡ
ִɽ֮ϣԿȻѾвٻԪɵ۵Щɵۣƶ֮ϡԼĪɵۣҲ
Ի¦һһ΢һתԱ֪ǻ߾ǻԪеһɵۣλ컯ɵ֮һ
Сˡһɵۿžԣ¶һĨЦһɣǵһʽ档
һǰһɵ۹
Сѣҽǿзŵ磬ڶԴ˻𣿡¦ҲЦſڶԾԵ
¦ǰˣ֪ǰΪĥңԲҵ塣ǽ磬ҲϳɾɵۡһûüлǰĻᡣֶ¦񻺻˵
׾ͺá˵Ȼпϳɾɵۣղ󡣡¦Цŵͷҡҡͷ
ڳԪɵۣһɵۺ¦λ뾰Խ̸¶Ľ֮ɫ


2887 ˵û
ڳˣڶɵ۲࣬ԪʵҲûڶɵۣ֮ǰǳս֮Уɵۺ;ɵڶԪɵֶ䣬ŵĵڶɵ۾͸ˡ
ɵ۵ǶһЩʱɵ۵ˣҲʮλҡвֵԪɵû컯񹬣϶࣬Ӧòᳬʮˡ
СѣѾ˵ɵ۵顣ɵۣҰֹ̫ԪúܶԡҲҿڣȻĿѾɹ򡣡һɵ۳º͵˵
ҲǼλ컯ǰ¦ڣųûͼƿػԪ컯Ե컯ǰ¦һľͿ϶Ϊ
ˣҲд˵ġСʱȫ־Ѿעˣ츳ھԪɳԽԽǿԲ˰һɵ۸пҡͷ
һɵۣƺҲЩϧϾ޵̫ѳˡԪô£ھ֮ǰɵ۾ǳ컯¦֮ǿɵˡɽĹϻԪɵۣѲĵĶ֡
Ǹ۽绹խһЩΪ컯ڴ֮Ҵˣ¦Цŵ̫뵱Ȼˡ
һɵ̾
СѣǼλɡҪҪ˵һɵһֶԸոյľԵ˵
Եڽƶ֮ϡ
Ӿɽ֮ϣвٻԪɵڴԡĴˣʵǵһμԱˡǳսȻкܶɵ۶۹սˣЩɵд󲿷ֶǵĵġǵڶ͵ĻԪ
ǵȻҲ˹ھɵ۵Ϣ֪ɵɱɵۣǶԾԵʵе𾪣ҲмһԵͷۼԳ֣Ȼ̲ס۲졣
λɵۣдôǿ𣿡
һʱộнӽ컯ɵ۵ʵ
Ԫ飬˵ɵƥ컯̫ˡ
ռλɵۣҲûоʲôر𣬿ȥͨĻԪɵ
ڳɵǣеаת˼ҲеĴϤ˽
ھԺɵ۵һƲʴɽһɵ۷תۼ䣬ɵ۾͵֮ǰ
һɴˣ¦վƶϣһɵۺ¦
ƾҲˡһɵЦ
¦Ҳ˵ͷ
ոյɵۣƾɵۡƾɵۡɽǣǻԪʱʹڵģһɡȫͬʱƾɵȻ컯ɵۣһɵԳΪѶɵСѡ
ƾѣɣһɵʾƾɵ¡
һɴˣһһҪƾɵû˵
Ŷƾк£һɵʵ
£뾰ɵйء죬Ҫɵһ¡Ѿ˾ɵʱ䣬һɴ˲Ҫ֡ƾɵ۶һɵ۹˹֡
һɵۿԡ
ôȥƾɵ뾰ɵжԹӣ
ԪɵۣҲЩɻĿžԺƾɵ֪ۡƾ֮ǵ㽻˲࣬Ҳɽ˺ɵ֪
Ҳƾɵۣ۾΢΢
ƾɵкָ̣Գʵ
ҿ֪ʡƾɵһ
ƾɵ۰ѻ˵һЩʲô֪ʣЦ˵
ߣƾɵһߵûͬ⣬ͽҴĻնɱҵ㾰ɵۣ㵽ʲô˼ĪǣԼʵǿ󣬾ȫҵˣ
ڳɵۣ۾һЩ
λɵۣȻƾɵ۴Ļ磿ңǻɱˣ
ԭ£Եͷվƾɵۣƾɵۣȷʵһ磬ɱһ޵½ܵ𡣲³ġ޵½ܣҵļ磬ҵļ磬˺ܴ𺦣鶼ɱҪ𡣡
Σƾɵ۲ΪȻ
ΣǺǣƾɵۣҼǵڽ޵½ڻ֮ǰɽѰæ粻ϣ취㹵ͨˡ㣬ȴƺȫںӡȻ㲻ںҲֻðƻˡԵ
ԣ˵ٶ࣬ı䲻ûҵҵĻʵƾɵ۳ȵ
˵ûʵ޷ı䡣Ҳȥı䡣ǺǣΪҪı䣿Ц


2888 Ҫ벻
ƾɵۺһͣ۶žԡ
ҲҪʲôı䣬϶㴴Ļ磬ǾɡԼ˵һ䡣
ƾɵһʱͨ졣
ҾǳĻ磬
㡭㡭ƾɵָžԣǷŭǱơ
˺ˡƾѣҲ㴴ĻڣǸ޵½ܵ޵ԵļȥѣС޵½ܱӦġ˵СѽĻ֮ǰҲ㹵ͨģûҪһɵ۴ʱҲ֪ƾɵ뾰ɵ֮ǵСìܡ
ȷʵһС¶ѡ
һ⣬Ҳûʲôʧ
ƾɵ˵ľɵûоͬ⣬̫뵱ȻˡƾɵʵȾɵʵǿ㵱ȻôҾɵˡǣƾɵʵ˼Ұ˼ҽĻǰ֪ͨˣ㲻֪ͨΣ
ڳĻԪɵۣҲû˾þɵĹˡ
ǿǣʲôʱָͬȵĵλ
ãðƾɵ۴ԸȷʵȽϹ죬һ˾С׷Ųš
ɵΪԪһˡգƾ̾ɵ۵ֶΡƾɵ΢΢𶯡
ΪԼܹܾԣϾɵھɵʵûۼԺɵ۵Ķս̣ܻôһ㻳ɡд뷨Ҳƾɵһˣڳɵ֮һϵ˻ٶʮžɵôǿ
һɵü¦ټԪǿȺɵˣҪġƾɵ˺֣ɺͳ
һ֣ǵȵ˵°ɣ¦һɵƺֹƾɵۣҡҡͷ˵
ðɡһɵ۵˵ͷ
Լһɵۺ¦˶ûֹƾɵսԼˡ
ƾɵۣ֮ǰֻһСᣬûʲôޡҪд裬ұӦˣǵд㵽Ϊֹͺáоǣ֮ǧҪ벻ɵ۶УܸҲ飬û˻ȡЦġЦ˵
ɶ񣡡ƾɵŭȡ
ɵе񰡣
бնɱɵۣҲԿ񡣡
˼ҿһ㣬Ҳģ˭˼Ǹ¡
Ǻǣڰѻ˵ˣһƾɵ۽ֵʱǿɾͶˣ¦һɴ˻
еɵۣĵĴ
ƾɵۣ׼𣿡˵
ɣԣҵҪ㾿жǿƾɵֱӽԼĵ۱ȡ˳ԣó
ûʲôҪɣҡҡͷ
£ֻ̧ƣƾɵ۱һ¡һʱ䣬ӿھԵĿռڣһοٸֶ
Ǭǧػһȡ
ǬǧػǾԴֻҪһʩչǲǸĶܸǿûҲһʩչ
Ǭǧػƾɵ۸˹ȥƾɵ۸ܵǿѹ߶Լǿֶεֵ
ƣƾɵ۳ȣȫҲǹαҪԵ
Ȼܿͷ֣㾰ɵûжõ۱һҲô׻ȫ£ǲƿʵһؿռ䡣
ʱڳɵǣҲɴ۾һĻ
ʲô
ǬǧػǾɵԴû˵𣿾ɵɵ۽ʱɾ˵ɵۣȻ󵱳ʩչҸŴµʱΪǿţڿˡһҴδԻϿȷǾɵԴģնɱɵʱҲȷʵһ
оܷǳǿһƶĹӰǬɣ
ܿģ

ֵܣôоֵһֱǿˣȶսɵ۵ʱǿťɵüǬǧػɵʵ
ţҲĸоңԻûʹõ۱ɵ۵ͷ
ǿµļһﰡťɵ۾
飡
Ǭǧػܣƾɵ۵ĵֵֶΣˡƾɵͫԺг˲Ŀհףٶҧת򣬽һԪ챦Ȼĵֵעͽ͵ģǬǧػʵ̫ǿˡƾɵ۵ĻԪ챦γɵķĻҲûֵܼʱ䡣
ƾɵ͵һ£µƶ䶼ǿʢɢ
Դʱһ֣ǬǧػĴ󲿷ɢЩʧƾɵǱվ͡


2889 
ǺǡЦһͬʱƶ֮ϡ
ԵЦƾɵһĿоȻ֮ɫ
ƾɵĵȷʵĴܸУûԼܸԣԼʵɵ۲һأܹɱɵۣƾ뾰ԶսʤȷʵС
ֻǡû뵽ԼܵôɴܵһûСң۱ûʹãֻôʩչһͽԼú޷֮Ǿɵ֣Ѿɱ˰ɣ
ƾɵۣĵġ
ҰˣƾɵŬĻ˻񣬶ֶԾԹ˹ֵлɱ֮
˵仰֮ƾɵֱӱ˵ϣµƶ䷽ѾˡƾɵۣûзȥֻǾήࡣ
ʱڳĴɵҲǴ֮лָ˹ǶԾɵʵϵĻɣȻҲǳ׵ɢˡƾɵۻϾǻԪռΪǿȺɵ֮һˣˣǱɵһоͻܡɵ۵ʵƺȴиǿ󰡣
ٿԵȻǶ˾η֮ɫ
ɽ˿˿ƾɵۣа̾Ȱ˵ƾɵۣƾɵ۸ġ
λ˵˵һԪҪ顣һɵۿڣɫɵۡ
Ҳ֪ȫϸ绹¦ѣ֮ǰĺܳһʱﶼڻԪţֻ֪ڻԪӦò֪Ϣ
ǻԪһڰ׺ӣڰ׺̺ܡڰ׺ڣкɫɫֺˮبŴڣֺˮͬһڣμ˺ӣԻԪʱѾڣʡȫ֣Ҳγ׷Ѱڰ׺ӵľͷÿһζʧܸաڰ׺Ӿȴ֪Դͷ
һɵۻ˵ţԵɵҲš
һɵڰ׺ӵʱ򣬾ʶ뵽ԼԪƬʱľǻԪƬڣǰɫǺɫ֪֮ɫĵ֮оԺɫĵ֮һͷˮȫ
ڰ׺ӵֺˮԭһֱάžƣǻԪռƺҲûв̫Ӱ졣ǣҲ֪ʲôʱʼֺˮľƱˡǺɫĺˮԽԽӿǿƣʱǲʶڰ׺ӵĿ¡ɫˮ΢ռһϷ磬һƬԪռǱüȲȶռʱ̶ڷ̮ľ󡣡
ʶڰ׺ںɫĺˮǿʢһ̶ȣԪܾҪˡڿʼʱȫֻǺǻΪɫˮӿֻԵı仯¦ѸǣǴٵס
Ҷ˵Ҳ֪¦ݣϸԪ͵ǿߡ¦ۼ֤ϸԪ͵𡣶ϸԪͣǿߣǱǶҪǿ飬ûӹԣǲֹĵˣ¶ŻԪı𡣡
һɵ۵쳣ĳأڳɵǿܶԺڰ׺ûʲô˽⣬һɵ˵Щÿ˶ͷġ
һ˵ûһԪ͵ĴѾʼˡ֮ǰһʱ䣬ȫ֡һ֣ںڰ׺ӡ취ֹɫˮӿǿƣҲȡһЩЧǵ㣬ֶԺɫˮѹƣα겻αġһʱȴһ¦ӹͷ˵
ȫִ˴ûлΪҪںڰ׺ѹɫˮ¦
λǰӺڰ׺ӻټǹΪڰ׺ǱҪ𣿡ʱ򿪿ʵ
¦һɵ۶ԣ˶˵ͷ
ѹɫˮǷǳʹ顣ΪǱںɫˮǳġѹˮˣûʱлָĵңɫˮһֲֺܿԻԪɵ۶޷ֵʴ˵һǲѹɫˮ̫ʱġ
ԪǴÿһ˶޷⣬ÿһ˶صĴ¡ûˣܹѻ˵⡣һɵ̧һЩ
Ϊ˸ǻԪԼȡʱ䣬ֻܽټҪзֹѹɫˮ¦˳˵
λˣǵʵѹǿֲĺɫˮ𣿡һɵۿʵ
컯ɵ۳֣ѹǺɫˮƺףЩɵۣ
ԵģֻʵһЩɵۣѹˮʱԻһЩѾںڰ׺ϲһ󣬽ѹɫˮԸһЩһɵ۶ɵ۵


2890 ʱ䲻
ͨ¦һɵ۵ĽԵɵ۴϶Ժڰ׺ԼԪռڵΣ˽⡣
Ԫһڰ׺ӣǺڰɫˮˮͬѰ̺Ԫ
ǰֺˮƽȶԻԪռûвʲôӰ죬ںɫˮǿƣɫˮǿһ̶ȣԪռ䶼ǻԪһԪ֮ǰĻԪҲӦöͬķʽ¦ȷһԪ;Ϊڰ׺Ӷ
Ϊȡʱ䣬ԪΪǿһȺҲǻԪɵۣҪȥڰ׺ѹɫˮȫһλ컯ɵѾﲼһô󷨣ͨĻԪɵҲԳѹڰ׺ڵĺɫˮ
һɵ¦˴ټ˹һΪ˵ԪΣһҪ˽зֹѹɫˮ
¦ˣ֪ɷһ⡣Īɵ۳¦
ԣ˵ɡ¦ͷ
Ԫ޷Ҵ棬ǿҲᱻôһԪУ¦ôأĪɵʵ
Īɵ˵仰ڳɵ۶¦ʵҶԴ˶ܺ档
¦ı飬Щ֣Щ˺ƺһЩΡ
¦Ĭһ˵ʵںܶ˵İ²ŵԴԼǻġ
ˣͲٵʱˣǿʼǩǰڰ׺ӵ˳ɣ¦һֵ
ĪɵۻѯʸϸϢ¦ȻԸ˵ˡ
һЩɵû컯񹬣ǲҲκغڰ׺ӣһɵ̧Ŀʵ
ţûˣȻҲΡԪ˿Զܡǻ̸¡Ժ󣬱ǵĵĻԪɵҲҪġһɵ۵
˾ܾô죿ɵ۵
ܾ룿¦ЦһûкʵɣֻΪԼݶܾǾ˵ĵˡĵˣ¦ԳȽɱ
¦ʱɱڡڳɵǣжһΪ¦仰ԭڳԼС˼ɵۣҲԼЩС̸
ɵǿʼǩǰڰ׺ӵ˳򣬽ɳǩΪ࣬гǩܿͽԳ鵽ִм䣬ǰɵۣǰڰ׺ءɵ۳鵽֣ǰڰ׺ӡ
λѣغڰ׺ӵ˳Ѿѡǰλѵ׼ˣ¦ѽһ֮Դǰڰ׺ӡһɵǽڳÿ˵˳ȷһ飬Ȼ˵
һǰڰ׺ӵɵۣһˡɵţȻҲڵһѡ֮Сˣһʱ׼
ˣɢ˰ɣСѣһ¡һɵֵ
ɵۣ½뿪컯񹬣ɵۡťɵ۵ˣ뾰Ե뿪ˡ
컯ڣֻܿʣ¾ԡһɵۺ¦ˡ
λǰǵĻԪжʱ䣿Կʵ
ʵղžˣֻʣʱ̫̣ɵ۲
ѳˡǲӻ̣ǿмǧ꣬Ԫ;ͳ׻˰ɡͨѹɫˮһ취ԶȡһЩʱ䡣˳ĻһԪӦûһʱ䡣¦̾˿žԣҡҡͷ
ҲȻ
һ˳Ҳֻһʱˡ
ٳһЩʲôĻǡ
һʱ俴ƺܳʵĺܶݡҪ֪Щ͵ȵռ֮ڣһǳܴڼʮ꼸ˡڣԪ໹һĴʱ䡣
ѵûа취׵Ľڰ׺𣿡ʶĵᣬȻҲ֪ʲô취ԽĻǰĻԪҲͲᱻˡ
仰¦һɵȴǶһۡ
ԣ֪ΪҪôнĥ𣿶ңûԼͬǿµġ¦žԴʵ
йأйһЩ²⣬ɵʱҲԾԷɵ۵ʱ˵¦Ϊпֹĵ
ǣԼ벻ͨģԼڵʵȻѾǿˣǱ컯ɵۺ¦ԲʲôƵġ컯ɵۺ¦޷ڰ׺⣬ʲô취
ԣΪΨһϣҵ취ˡ¦صĵͷ


2891 Ψһϣ
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һɵҲЦһʱȫɵȷʵų־ȾԵģǰ¦ûλ컯ɵ۹ͨ
ԣȫ֡һֻңε㣬ֻóһܹȻԪĿܣǾҵڰ׺ӵԴͷ֢ڣӦþԴͷ
ȫ֡һֻ¦γҵڰ׺ӵԴͷǶʧˡʶûҵڰ׺ӵԴͷԭʱֻ֪ȫһΪǿ󣬶˵ϣ˳źڰ׺ȥѰԴͷ⣬һЩǣЩֹҡ¦һЩΡ
ЩˣǰΪȻԪΪǵ˫ɵۡԵͷ
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ǰ¦Ѿ˵ˣԪܹ⣬컯ɵۺ¦Ҳûʲôϣ⡣ԣҲû취ӱ¡һ˵ڻԪҴߵô죿ѵԪ
ǻһЩʱ䣡СѣҲһЩʱ䡣㵱һʱ䣬ԼʵԼĵøǿʵԽǿҵڰ׺ԴͷϣԽǲһ㻹Ŀռ䡣¦ٴγ
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ʵϣҪĵԴѾˣԻԪƬǷǳȤԾãԪƬǺڰ׶ɫǺڰ׺ϵġ
һɵۺ¦ǽԼĻԪƬ˾ԡǵȻҲоԪƬǵȻҲὫԪƬڵĺڰ׶ɫڰ׺ϵʼҲ׽ڰ׺İ취ڣҲֻǽȫϣھԵϡ
һ¦ɵ۵Ԫɵ۴ǰԪĺڰ׺ӡһɵۣ컯񹬣ͬʱЩʱûϵϵʵȽǿɵ硣
ԣһֱ컯ξǽ󲿷ֵ˼˻ԪƬ֮ϡɾ͵ɵ֮󣬾ԶԻԪƬڰɫĦʱԼָʱ䡣
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һգ컯ɽһ֮ڣʶڻԪƬĦɫͻȻһҵ𶯸д
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СѣʱһϤ뾰ԵԺ
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ʱһɵ۵ƺЩңкԵĸо
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Ԫ񣡡һɵ۵̺Ϣ
һɵ۴ʱ컯֮УڻԪλáûгɣ컯񹬣һǵִ˻Ԫ񸽽컯񹬾ԪԶһ˲ƶҪ
⡭ʲôԵִԪλú۾֮ɴ󣬲ſǰľ
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һɵۣҲǸĿռУɫѿ


2892 Ԫ
Էһɵ۵ߣŵĿŽǰԪ
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ڣԪѾˣЩƬڡ
һǰôˣסʵ
ˣˣһɵŻԪƬ˵ȫ֣ǳˡ
ȫǰںڰ׺Σˣͫһ
һɵ۵˵ͷ˵ԻԪδֹԪȫֽ컯ģͨȫԪ
ܷȫǰ¦ǰϵѯأü
еģڰ׺ӸĻԪңǸطֻܶ̾봫ݡʲô취ܽѶϢݵڰ׺Ӹһɵҡҡͷ
ô죿Ե
ֻܡȥڰ׺ӿˣ֪ȫ־ʲô£ӦûȻ䷢ʲǡڰ׺ӸĻԪȻ洦пռ̮ȫֵСΧĿռ̮ͷߣҲӦö̫вһɵҲ֪׷ʲô顣
ڰ׺ӵĺˮȻ̺ܣ֮ǰҲӴǰɫˮǺɫˮܹ˲ɱԪɵ۵ģҪ˵ɱȫλ컯ɵۡ
ԣһȥɣһɵۿԡ
ãûоܾ

Ԫռ䣬ɵҲǲ˻Ԫı仯ڼңԶĵطҲиӦģǵֵϻԪ񣬱ʵѾԪĳµϵȻЩɵۿֻ֪ܲôһɻǾ뵽Ԫ顣
ôˣһɵԪλãʧĻԪ˶ˡ
ԪɵۣǰһҲھԪ̫ԶĵطӦ֮Ȼһ˶ˡ
ˣԪɵæȡѶԼϤԪɵ۴Ѷ
ԪϢڻԪн
ʱ򣬾ѾͬһɵǰԪĺڰ׺ˡ
·;ңԶҪϳʱִܵǰԴŸ֮ŵԱԪ̽żǺԶˣڰ׺λҪԶöࡣ
ʱ䣬ԺһɵۣŽӽڰ׺ӡ
Խǽӽڰ׺ӣԪԽգǿĸ֪Ԫ𶯡
СѣͲʩչ˲Ƹ·ˡѾڰ׺ӣ򴫵ݾ̣ܶʩչ˲ƣƶľҲ󡣶ң˲ƵĻΣԸ󡣡һɵ۶Ծ˵
ţסԵͷӦ
ˣǰУ֮󣬾ԾͿ˿ռľǿռֵúͻȻҲûʲôףȥͺһƽϣͻȻһݣڼ̵ʱǴƽϹĳһ͹棬Ǵһ̶ȣǡžһ
ǵƬռ䣬Ҳ֮ˡ
ɫˮԽԽǿƣӰ쵽ĻԪռԽԽˡڱӰĿռ䷶ΧѾǸոշֺڰ׺쳣ʱʮˡһɵۿǸոձĿռ̾Ϣһҡͷ˵
ǲҵ취׽ڰ׺ƽⱻƵ⣬ôԪһݣȻ顯һ鶼֮𡣡һɵֿԵ
˲ϷУԽǿڰ׺ӣݾԽࡣЩݳֵúܿ죬ֺգۼͻĻԪռ䣬ǧٿף
һǰǾǺڰ׺ӰɣĿӣǰľͷԼԿڰɫʡ
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ʱһӰ˵֮УʱӰ΢һЩ
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ܿ죬¦뾰Ժһɵˡ
¦ȥϢЩңϵĳҲһ顣


2893 컯ɵ
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¦ǰȫǰս˰ɣʶת
ǿԪ飬ȫɵǱ߳⣬ּ¦ƺվսҲ־Ի뵽¦ȫɵ۽һս
һɵɫҲ΢΢һ䣬ȻҲ뾰Ƶ뷨
һ֣Сѣˡ¦Ժһɵۣȴĺһ
¦ѣʲôˣԪ飬֪ȫ߳ˡһɵ¦˵
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ȫһǿ컯ɵۣڻԪռ˵޵еġ¦˵ȫɵսʲô
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һ֡ԣǵϵڰ׺ӣ߱˵ɣڰ׺ӣֳˡ¦ڰֵڰ׺ڣһַǳֲʵ쳣ǿ󡣡
ڰ׺ӼУ¦ҲԺһɵ۽ڷĿֲ¼
ԭڰ׺в֪ôľͳһȫڵֺ󣬵ûϹںڰ׺ӵĻԪɵۡʱȫɵۺ¦Ҳڴ﾿ʲôСĵĹ۲죬ϾǴδһмϢ
ڹ۲֮Уȫɵۺ¦Ƿ֣Ȼ̳Ժڰ׺ӵĺˮȫɵۺ¦ݵǣֻ̳԰ɫˮ̳Ժɫˮ
ڰ׺ڣɫĺˮԽԽǿƣԪɵǶ뷽跨ĶԺɫˮڣͻȻֵȴ̳԰ɫˮǼ˺ɫˮǿơԪɵ۵ȻӲ
ȫɵۺ¦Ҫնɱһ֣˲źȻ֣ʵǿò˼顣֣Ȼܽնɱ̳԰ɫˮָԼ
ȫɵۺ¦ֻƴˣսĽǣȫɵս¦Ҳˡûɱɫֻش˶Էɫﱻشֶص˺ɫˮ֮С
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һʱʱ䣬˵ִڰ׺ӡ
ںڰ׺Ϸһת֮У󣬾ȫɵۺһɵ۲óѹɫˮ󷨡ʱڴڣԪɵ۾
һɴˣԴˣԪɵۼԺһˣк
λɵۣɫҲǷǳѿǶĿһֲĴս컯ɵȫսˡǳս˶ûֱӲ룬ǵʵҲ޷룬ֻҪһشֱնɱǡ
ɵۡһɵۺ¦뵽֮ڡУԸźڰ׺ӡ
Կźڰ׺ӣǰһɵۡ¦һڣкڰ׶ɫˮֺˮμܹоˮ̺ܡ
ǲ֪Ͷںɫˮ֮ڡ¦ָ·ĺɫˮ
̫ˣҴδ˿ֲޡһɵļµ˵
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Ԫʱڰ׺Ӿʹڡǰδںڰ׺ڷǴģһɵüͷͳ
һɵҲǱʹ֣ȫĹϵǼ򵥵ĵѣǻԪΨ컯ɵۡ
ԴӺɫˮǿԺڰ׺ӵıƺҲԽԽˡ
ĵģǺɫˮлиǶԸһͷѣǺˮж༸ͷǡ¦ûм˵ȥ
ɵ¦ĻһҲϵ³
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ӦֻһͷʱֻһͷиǰĴս͸иˡ˵ȻҲȷҲֻ˵ˣҲһɡ


2894 
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ʵǣֲ̫ǿˡ
¦ǰڰ׺޽Уʲô֣޵Ĺʽģʵ
Ե⣬¦û̾ͽ˵
Ƭ̲ſ˵޵Ͳ󣬸߶ȴԼңĹʽҲ򵥣еߡĹϣǻͷųһֺɫ··еһԪ͵ĵƣҶоİȻǵߣԵĲ򲻶࣬һԪʹôãûĵ򼸺ûС
޷ų·ȴȫİ˵ˣһ˿ϤжûС
ˣҡȫ޽սУȫҲ˵޲ڻԪ¦˵
ڻԪѵҲط᲻ᡭڰ׺Ҳһ磬ͺתĿ
̫ܣȫܶνڰ׺ѰԴͷǲδڰ׺ڴ硣һһ㣬ڰ׺ӵĺˮƥǻԪ̵ĲҲܲסڰ׺ӳʱʴڰ׺磬Ҳͱˡһɵҡҡͷ
ͷ޵״ӺζȻǽڲųֵġڰ׺ڣǾͲӦõڲ̳԰ɫˮͨ¦ǰ˵Ϣƺ԰ɫˮΪʳü˵
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ţԵͷ
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ڰ׺ڵͷޣ뾡ɱ
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˶һۣһɵۿЦڰ׺ɱвͨġںڰ׺ڣǷֲԵСڰɫˮڻãǽɫˮǻܱһսɫˮͨԪɵ۵սûС
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ɱȳе׷ɨһ⣬˲֣۵ϯȥ
𣡡ʱֹͣɫˮڵͺһֻ̧һϸֱۡ
һɫ·ʱ֣Щɫ·ż˹ȥ̺ܣǱЩƺ۵·޷
ʱȥ̺ȫܱһա
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Ǻɫ·ʲôתȷʵ¦˵ɵۣԺɫ·ȫİڻԪ֮дδӴҲδ·
ѵѵԪƬеĺɫ򣬾ֶʶ뵽ԪƬռĺڰ׶ɫ
һɵȫ뵳ҫĿĹԣзֱһɫĽȦ
һɵֵĽȦĵ۱ֽԪ
ԪϣܻΪһ޺ɱȥǿƥĵ򲨶ںڰ׺Ͽճ⿪һת˲޽ǰǻζϸֱۣĺɫ·֯һƬ


2895 ɱ
һɵʩչǿṥǺɫ·Ӵ󣬱Ǳĺɫ·һɵ۹̺ܡ
Уɫ·Ҳڳʧ˵ʩչĹֶΣҲǾԲܻġ
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ԡ¦һɵۣ̬ΧмλãôҪΪ˷ֹٴζصɫˮС
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ɫ̺ܣԪռ䶼ϸ΢ޣϸֱֱۣӲ¦ĳϸֱܣһɫ·ϸֱס¦ĺɫ¦һЯǿҲǱ赲
Ǭǧػе׷ٴλӶһʩչǬǧػ
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ڵǬǧػҪȵɱɵʱ죬Ҳǿ
𣡡ٴηһͺɫͫת˾Եϡ
Կɫͫףƺио޵ķŭޣϸֱ۰ڶƵȻӿ죬ĺɫ·ӿӭǬǧػγɵĹΡ
ɫ·ǬǧػӴ֮Ǭǧػ̺ļʮ磬ʱͱ֮һԱͷϲΪͷųĺɫ·ܱԼǬǧػָǬǧػ̺ļʮǬ磬Խɫ·ָɼʮ֡һǺɫ·Ծ˺ܶࡣ
һɵҲֱ֪仯Ծ̾һ䡣
ʩչĺɫ·̫£һɵۡ¦ǣֺɫ·ûʲôð취ԸʩչǿֶΣԺɫ·Чһ㣬ΪˣҪɱ޲ű쳣ѡԵǬǧػԺɫ·Чԡ
˵ǬǧػܿޣǬǧػĿǰԸЧֶˡ
ɱ¦ڵ΢籬嫵кɫ𵴣޲ƹϸֱ۸𿪣һȥ
һɵҲûٶȫֹޡ
ͷԾԵԪǿɵֹԳƣҪǾԵǬǧػǣܴ󣬼ϸֱۣҲǽ¶
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ϢһЩôܸɵ¦ϲ˵
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ʱһɵ۵Ҳɹĳ˺ɫ·޵塣һ֮޵ϢֱһЩ
𣡡ŭӰͻȻһǸٵƶ
ҪܣֹҪ㵽ɫˮˡ¦׷ޡ
ܣԵ׷񽣵âϯȥӻ޵ٶȡ
һ̣ԷͷԼλó˹ˣ̬ްΧģҪصɫˮ򣬾Ҫ˵ķޣѡ˾ΪͻƵķ
úãһȣе׷񽣻ؽӭȥ
ؽݺݵն˹ȥ޼ûʩչǶԼӰܴĹֶΣǳɱԼĿ¶ϲɫڽӽԺ󣬱˦ϸֱۣҪûɱԡɵϸֱ۽Ӵؽ֮Ǹе˼ǿ
𣡡û뵽ԵҲ˵ǿĹȻûܽԷɡ
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Ųסˣɱ¦Ƶٴμӿ졣
ֹ֮£ϢԽԽήңڽܲסʼһϺ޵ϸֱĴȥϢ֮ȫɢ
𣿡һɵۿžԺ¦
ϢѾûˣӦˡ¦ͷ˵
ԷһٲһԳһºؽ޵λô̳һһֱӾʹ޵֮ڡ
޵壬ҵĳ鴤һĻɫ΢΢һ䡣ȻղȻϢѾȫʧδ


2896 ڰ׺
ޣȻװǾֲһ˵ͻʲô
⡭һɵۿ˿޵ʬ壬ֿ˿ԡ
ҿСѻǣǺܿҪԿ¦һЦЦ˵
޵λñԲһ֮ǳˡ
λǰʵǾˡԿ˵
ţȷʵǼԣʩչֽǬǧػһɵžԡ
ԣԵͷ
ǬǧػѹЧܺáˣɱѶȿɾʹˡһɵЩ˵
ˡ¦ΪȻĵ˵ͷ
ϣڰ׺ֻһͷޡԿ·ʵĺڰ׺ӡ
ͷͬʱ֣ҲܵеùޣԪɵۺѲսͨĻԪɵһӴǺɫ·ͻش
һɵۺ¦һۣɫء
λǰ
ɱʱһֵĸо˵
Ŷʲôо¦һɶžԡ
Ҿô֮Ըôв˵ʵжǿȻʵ϶ҲǷǳֲҪȻҲںڰ׺档ǣǴв֮Ӧͷųĺɫ·İģȫ޷⡣
ҾãһƵǻԪռƵȻͬһֵ򡣡Է˵
ţʵҲָоֺܹɫ·սͲôˡһɵΪȻĵ˵ͷ
ԣǻӦóоİĵܹգ˵Խڰ׺ⶼд˵
ԣ¦һɵ۶һ
ҿ˵İ취ԳԣҪǵɵˡҶԵ˽⣬Ǿ̫ǳˡ¦ЦЦ
ţҺ;Сȳһһɵ˵
ǿԴͷ޵ʬ忪ʼԿ޵ʬ塣
ȻѾˣǰͷųغɫ·֮ڣȻв
˵Ժһɵۿʼ޵ʬ͸о¦Ӻڰ׺ӣԪɵۣǼάִתôѹڰ׺ڵĺɫˮ
Ȼûȥʱ䣬Ժһɵ۶ʬо޷ȥˡΪȻҵЩİƵǵ˳ԶʱȴǺͷһչûСһ˿һĽȣҲ˷򣬿ǾһʱרУǵòκмֵĶ
ѣһɵۺ;ֻʧѡ
λǰҴڰ׺̽һ̽һգԶһɵۺ¦˵
ںڰ׺Ӵһʱ󣬾ҲоɫˮǱǿƣлԪɵôѹƣҲֻӻáҵĸڣôɫˮѹס
ңҲһֱѹͷ˭֪ʲôʱ޴Ӻɫˮг
ԣǻһЩʱģٵȵȡһɵ˵
Ǳͽҵڰ׺Դͷϣ˾Եϣһڷǳ޴ķա
ֻ֪ǡڰ׺ӵþĽҴ㣬ھͶڰ׺ӡҡҡͷ
ҲãԵʵǶսҲ֮ˡȥѰҺڰ׺ӵԴͷӦǿԡ¦˵
ԣһҪס򲻿ɽɫˮ򡣺ɫˮ޷γ˺һںɫˮһЩǾͼΣˡڰɫˮԻõöࡣһɵ۶ԡ
ԣǧҪɫˮɵۣںɫˮܵӰ춼ڰɫˮд¦
סԵͷӦ
һɵۺ¦֮󣬾Ա˰ɫˮ
Ҫҵڰ׺ӵԴͷǱҪˮڵġˮֻںڰ׺ӵϷبŴڵĺˮҵԴͷǲܵġһɵۺȫɵۣѲ֪Թٴˡڰ׺ӲܳϷֻҪһʱ䣬ܵǰˡǵִڰ׺ӵǰ˺ᷢʲôûСڰ׺ӣͺƾճֵġˣҲͬʣĩβƾʧ
ԣҵԴͷͱڰ׺֮ڡ
ԽɫˮԾȵٶǰƶ򣬽Χĺˮ𿪡ˮѹܴ󣬲ԾڵʵɫˮǿԳʱͣġ
ȻһˮĹɣʵǵԪƬռİɫơ֪޴ڵİɫˮ


2897 ˮе
ڰ׺ڣʱɴڣȫоʱˣҲԪƬռһ
ɫˮǴĵ򹹳ɣԽڰ׺ҪѰԴͷģ޷ܲ˵ͣЩ޾ȼߵĵ
˳ŰɫˮϵϣΪ޷֪ʱţҲԼڰ׺Ӻ˶ʱ䣬ֻͨԼĳ̶ȷԼڰ׺ӦѾȥˡ
ںڰ׺ڣҲҪ߶ɵۣڰ׺ӺˮʴȻԪռǿö࣬ԾԵҲһӰ졣ȻֿܹʴԵȻҪȥܵӰ졣
ǰʲô
ڹ¼ŵǰζУǿһЩһĶԴӽڰ׺֮󣬾һʱ䣬һֱûиоɫˮʲô仯ֱʱſǰһƬ򣬳˱仯
ֽһξ󣬾ܹøˣǲһһ޴ݡƵݣںڰ׺ӸĻԪռѾܶˡڰ׺ӸĻԪռ䣬Ϊڰ׺ӵıʣüȲȶƬռڣݲ𣬶ͨݶ󣬱ĻԪռж
ʱԿݣȥƣģǳľ޴
ǻһ㲻ͬƺԱȽȶڰ׺ӸԪռгֵЩ漴ͻ
ԵݵĽǰͷԼҪһ֪̽ںڰ׺ڣڵٶȼ죬ԾԵ޷ںˮ֮н̵ԶĵطѾݵǰ̽ݻǿġ
ϸ֪֮󣬾ԵɫͱˣüͷҲ
Խ˫ü
Ե֪УȻ֣ݾǺĺڰ׺ӡûǰɫˮݣɫˮҲݡɫˮǰɫɫˮǺɫΪǣֺˮеݣʵһ
ڰ׺ˮȫȻͬĵ򣬾һݡԴˣģ˲ǣݿȥȽȶѾ˺ܳʱ䡣
֮ͣǰ
ô죿
ݣԼݣͻȻô죿˴ǻôֲԼҲҪаɣ
ǣǺڰ׺ӵģǲݣǸôǰζֻڰɫˮ򻹺һЩԼʱɫˮƹȥǣɫˮͬǱˡ
˵ݵĻǾԾֻԭ·ˡ
֪һɵǣǷҲںˮݡѰ˼š
һɵۡ¦ûжԾݵĴڣһɵпܲδ
֮ǰһʱ䣬ջǾǽ֮ڡ룬ֻԭ·أԲ
Խתǿĳ̶ȣ΢Ҳ׼ֽӴݡ
ûʲôԵƣ˳ľͽ뵽֮ڡ
УҲûиܵѹԼ԰ܿ죬ֱ۾ȫ뵽֮ڣҲûС
ڵľԣҲЩţݻ
ڲȫǿյģд״Ķ
Щǵ򣿡Կ״Ķ
Ը֪Щ״ĶǴĵһ𡣶ܵĿռڣǰɫԵһߴڵģǺɫڵҲһΪΪڰ֡ԴӰɫˮݣλܾǰɫ
ھԵǰһŰɫ򡣾Գǰ봩漴ͷ֣Щױȵ߾ȫҲֻ̧ŽǰһЩᱻ򵯻صԭ
ôǿҡҡͷ
漴ֳƹһٴҡͷΪ߻ұҪƶͬǿ䵯ԭء
ô죿
Щһĵ赲ǰҸ޷ǰС̫ǿˣʵһΣҲ޷ǿддȥԺһĿǰ
ѵҪ⿪Щƶ𣿡ֹһ䡣
԰ɣҲû취룬ҪôǰУҪô˳ݡת
תͷʱʶĻһۡһԱ۾һȻ֣ԼԭӦݱھȻûˣȡ֮ͬǰɫ


2898 Ԫһ
ǸոսݣݱӦþŶԣݱڿˣֻܿҲһŵİɫ
˵ʱԼ˳ȥҲǲˡ
û취ֻܶЩɫĵзֽ⡣
Գȥ͸΢΢ɳһЩһĵȻңҲȫ޷⣬ֻҪķ㹻ʱ䣬ܽ⿪
ʵϣܹ⣬ҲǵǰԻԪƬолԪƬһĻھԿҲֻ̾ˡ

ڰ׺Ͽա
ѹɫˮĴ󣬴ڳת֮С
Խڰ׺Ѿ꣬Ҳ֪ôˣ¦·ĺڰ׺ӣ˵
ڣԽڰ׺ѹꡣ
Խڰ׺֮¦Ǿ޷뾰Խϵˣģĵĵȴ
ϣһЩְɡһɵۿ˵
š¦˵ͷҲûٶȳ֣ˮֻһͷޡ
ޣضһֱںڰ׺ڡˣܵڲųҾǴӱĵطġһɵɫء
ǴطģǾͲиȻһͷޣҲޡڰ׺Ҳһ׵飬ֻһͷ޹һɵۼ˵
¦ͷе¾ˡһɣ޵ĳ֣Ҳڰ׺ӵı仯йءɫˮɫˮȻƽģô޾޷ͷնɱΪڰ׺ӵƽ˱仯źڰ׺ӵ񻯣޻ֵԽԽࡣ
һɵۺһ¦Ŀࡣ

Ȼ֮ڣвֽ⡣
ڣֻɹķֽ⿪һ򡣲ڵһγɹ֮󣬽ԵڶķֽȳԵļӿ졣ݾԵ㣬ԼɹֽڶӦܽʡ֮һҵʱ䣬ȻȻоʱ˶١
ڶҲ⿪֮󣬾ǰ߳˼֮ǰ
ûʲôģзֽ⡣
˷⿪򣬵ھ򱻽⿪֮󣬾ԵǰûȻԭЩƺ̼ʧӰ١
ɹˣԿ˿Լǰңе򾡽ԲǰԶԿݱڡ
ԴʱȻǸ֮Уǰ谭Ѿƽ⡣
ݣʲôطںڰ׺𣿡Ȼתͷ
תͬʱԼǰȥܿݱڽǰΪ޷֪ݱ֮ʲôǷΣգԾȻǼΪСĵȽֱ̽ȥ
ûҲûо˺Ŀ
ƺǺڰ׺ˣûоˮĴڡĿо˸
ݵͣһº󣬾ǰһݱڡ
⡭Գݱ֮һ¡
ΪĵطȻںڰ׺ڡ
Ԫռ䣿ֻص˻Ԫռ䣿Ŀת۲ķ
ԣⲻǻԪռ䣡ĵ򡭡ԺܿҡͷڻԪռڡ
ţ͵һ£һɾ˼
ᡭ˶ĴͣѵѾڻԪ֮ˣ
ԴʱڵĿռ䣬˵һȫµĿռ䣬ȫµû˿ϤСռ䣬ȫİġԸо˵ĲĵҲȫİġ
ڶ˶֮󣬾һЩ뵽˺ڰ׺кɫˮ뵽˻ԪƬǺɫĲ֡
ڰ׺ڣɫĺˮϾǵȼߵĵôɴƶϣɫĺˮӦҲǵȼߵĵ򡣻ԪƬУӦҲˡֻǣԪռɵǣҲ޷ĦϳЩɫĵ򣬰컯ɵۺ;ڡ
ڵĿռ䣬ƺǳɫһռ䣬ԼڵĻԪռȻͬ˵෴Ŀռ䡣ûлԪռֵ
һͣô˵ռƺԪռӦķ档Ԫռǰ׵򣬶ھԽĿռǺڵԼǴӻԪ˻Ԫķ档
ԳתϾͷ֣Լתʱ򣬸޷ռĵ·ֺĹ
ûáҵڣȻҲܵѹƣٻܼʹá΢΢һ
ˣ
Ǻڰ׺ͻȻֵޣӦþռɣһת


2899 ƽ
һպ֤кܴİȷԼĿռǻԪһ棬Ҳ˵ǻԪķ档
Լյĵһռ֮޷Ҳ޷ӳսɿʹáϸµ֤֮󣬾ԻԼҲûʧȥֻΪ޷ʹöʱڷ״̬
ף
⡭ҾȻռĵ򣿡ھԳȥռڵʱȻ֣ԼȻ
֮ǰԲǱһԵ뷨ûб̫ϣϾڻԪƬռ䶼֪Թٴβɫûκջ񡣶һԣԶʱϲ
ֻҪܹһռĵԼڵϵʵӦÿԿٻָɣ
ֻǣΪλԪƬռǺɫԼܲ򣬶Ԫռɫأ
һ󣬵Ǻܿ˴𰸡
Ԫռڵĺɫ򣬵ȼǼߵģԶԺɫûлģһʼͽӴߵȼĺɫȻһͷˮ޷¡Ҫ֪ԲԪƬռɫ򶼺ܳɼƬڵĵȼжߡڻԪռ䣬ĺɫǴӵͼ߼ڡԾԵ壬ͼĺɫǲѴ֮
ɫѶȵȼΪһż֮ǰԺɫ޻һ͸żǲ̫ܡһʼǾͼ򵥶ˡ
㹻ĺɫǶԺڰ׺еĺɫˮҲӦûиİ취
Ԫռʣµʱ䲻ˣұ뾡ղСа
ԪƬڵĺɫӦþ߼ĵ򣬵ȵܲ͸ԪƬռڵĺɫʱںɫӦþǴﵽ۷ˡ
ţҲ͸ЩɫٶȾȻ֮죡
ˣɫԪռİɫȻȻͬʵϲֶ򣬻ԪƬռڣôͬʱֵ򣿻кڰ׺ӡһУ˵ڰֵĳطͨġ
ھ纣һźɫʱӰһٱƽʱ䣬⼸Ӱ͵˾ԵĽǰЩӰҲģϴס
ʲôˣһˣԾԺʵ
ʲôˣԷʵ
ˣôһפأ£Ϊ֮һȺֱۻӶһ£ߵļʿž˹
ҲûмŷΪ⼸˲ҪɱԼԣӶԷ֪˽ռϢ
Ǽʿɱǽץ
ʲôˣΪҪץң˫۱סһҵӣʵ
֣ԷΪ֮ٴκʡ
ԣԱԼ֡
ƽԣǻפأκδô㴳˵أ˵
Ҳ֪ʲôŵפأ˵ҽʱû˵
ϻ˵ȥų˰ɣٴλֵ
ˣԱ㱻ʿѺţȥʲôųˡ
ʱʱ䣬ԱǿһӴľӪԣŤѺţ˾Ӫ
֧˽оԣǷִפطΧڹԱ㽫ץ˹ץΪ֮ˣӪһٵ
ǵо̽𣿡֧žԿ˼ۡ
̫̽ӣƽݣ֮󣬲ûܡңϵ򲨶΢оӦɳһûΪ̽ӡҡҡͷ˵Լķ
˵Լһƽ𣿡֧ʵ
ǻûüϸֻȽˡٴҡͷ
һˣ֧žʵ
һ
ԿЦԼ֪ԼһģЩʿ̬ȣԼǵйˣ»ᱻֱɱɣ
֮󣬾˵Ҳһģûйң
ûйңʲô˼֧ü
˼Ҳ֪һġԵֻܺˣռյϢ̫ˡ
ȻֱӴɣ֧ԴĶӳ
ǣӳӦ
һȣæ
㻹ʲô˵Լһˣ֧ЦһĿžԡ
ûš˵ţǧΪЧٺܿ˵
ţ֧ӳ΢΢һ㶡
ˣǸץʱôû˵ԼҪţӳŭ
ʱֲ֪ǻţҿ˾ӪأȻͿȷǻˡԱ⡣


2900 Һǿ
ǶӳֱԲ
֧Ц֪ǻʲô𣿡
ȻɱУԵ
֮ǰ֧ӳ̸УҲõһЩϢ֧פڴˣĿӦþΪ˶Կһ֧߶֧ооҡ
ţΪľӡţûôסһƽƾʲôΪԼԼƾӻţ֧˵
ô֪ܼأЦһ˵˵ҵʵҲǺģ
֧Ƕӳһۡ
֧ҪСȹѺⳡս֮ٷߡӳ֧˵
ȻþӦòԵоļϸ»ҪСΪϣͷž뿪϶ǲеġſɲЩûõţҲʹһûвƽΪ׵İ취ǽԹ
УҪţΪûʸ룬ҲҪһɣţҲļսʿ԰ɣܸһѡα׼æ˵
֧žԿһ󣬺һСӣӻ治СһƽǣһսսĻ˵Сӣͦθڣϧʵ̫ˡ˵Ҳԣ͸һǡ
СӣߣҴȥųˡҪţͨľսʿݣҲþų衣֧Ծ֡
лԶ֧˹֡
Ը֧֧ŵľųȥץӳȻҲæԼȥˣָδþԣԽԼϷѾˡ
Ԫռķ棬ƺҪҲ޵ĵаĿǰļˣ϶мǿĵȻǺڷǿҲ֪
һռ䣬ƺкܶĹҴڣսɱ¾ҲܶࡣһҵĹģ岻֪ж󣬵϶СԪռķ棬ǹģӦԪռ൱ġӴĿռ䣬ɵĹҿ϶
ĵطԪЩƣʺ֮ŻԪ
תͷһʱסǰ
оʿ档
֧˺Ҳûͣ٣ֱ˽ȥľʿδֹ֧룬Ǹ֧һģȻҲûб
뽨󣬾Ա㿴һŮǰڷһ޴ͼͼϣкǿĺɫ򲨶
ų֧Ů˹˹˵
΢΢һսʱû뵽ŵľųһŮˡ
֧𣿡ų֧ʵ
ţ֮ǰһ֧ѲСפطΧڷ˴ˣ㽫˴˻ֽоԣ˵ԼһˣǺǿҵҪǻšԣұ㽫Դų㡣֧˵
ŶųĿһת˾ԣƺǷЦ⡣
ţһ֧ľӣͼͨľӣԾƽݣǲͼ߸ˣ˵±ߵЩֱӾͽԸˡ
ţųʾԡ
ǵģҪΪЧԵͷ
ʲô𣿻ŵÿһսʿһһľӢųûһ־þԹǺĵʵ
ʲôԵ
ϵĵ򲨶΢˵ʵܵ͡мŵţ˵Ӧǡк֣ܶ˵һЩ츳ļܵȵȡų΢Ц˵
ҿûУҵսǿġų˵ŵÿһսʿľӢӦòЩľӢһŵı˵
ھԵϵսȷʵ΢ǿǻʵɵۡںڵռսҲܵһӰ죬ҲԲߡ˵ǼץľʿʱԷҪɱǼʿʵɾЩʿյĺڵԾиĿԡ
ųСǴԲѣ󣡡֧ҲЦһ
ǺǣҾ͸һᡣ߰ɣ˵òȡˣųվ˵ҳ˵ǰ棬㲻ͨսʿѡΣܾͲˡ
£ųȥ
Сӣ߰ɣҿмＸҴԲѵһȡ֧ľԵļ


2901 
ţҹһ֧ӡκһսʿƵǾӢеľӢҪҲȷʵѡ
ǰ֧˵ˣһͨսʿҲǵõ˾ųϿɡûųϿɣʲôݶܽţ
ųԴžȥܿ飬ⲻǾ⣬κҪţųڳ
ǣҹڶһ޶Ļš֧ӵɲҹڣңŵҲ׹
Ϊڹ˾ͼһЩˡųһƬյ֮ǰ
ҹļսʿǿ˹ȻԸΪһЩûôིˡ˵ˣֻҪԵʵܹõųϿɣΪһԱ
ųˣҪοˣԿ˿ܣƺҲûʲôʩڣһƬյϣʱֻų֧ˡ
ҪżܿˡųԾЦЦ˵
Ȼֻʮʱ䣬һӾʿӿصһһӾʿ̧һصĺɫӡԿһͷڵͺޡɫϣɫ·֣кɫתޱ֮ڡ
ʿɫ̧˽ǽ¡
ųˣˣ
Ѿһͷ̧˹һʿų֧
ţˣӳһӾʿ˵ͷ
ų˵ԣʶޣ
۾źɫڵޣ˵ʶ׺ݵӡ
ޣһޣѾ˻ܹУҲԲԼ
ԣ޶ʶ֧üȻҲǽɽ֮еޣڽɽ֮Ѿʵܵ͵ˡ
֧һûɽԿ֧
֧˾һۣų˰˵ԣĿ飬սɱޣǾ㿼ͨҿšҪ˵ȻʵǺǿ󣬵Ҳǽɽеޣһ潻սܻᱻɱǱֱӳԵ޽սмΣգǲ־㡣
ԣںڻüһ޷ųӣǿɾɲˡųžԵ
ųˣҿɲᱻˡҿˣҲμӶˣЦЦ
ãǾ׼ʼɣųЦһֶǼ̧ľʿ˵ͷ
Ϊ׵ʿǶֽ޵ĺɫӴ򿪡
ʱҲвٻŵսʿѶڹʱ˽пǺ飬棬Ҫп˼ͱȽϡˡսʿ˵֮Ҳܺ棬ԱʲôˣҪоſˡ
СҪˣ
ϵ򲨶΢ʵܲҲμӿˣҪһ̵
˵ǱץģפطΧεѲ߶Ӹֵġ
˾һͨƽɣϵĵ򲨶̫ˡ
ųˣȻпˡ
ų˵Ըǻ˽⣬ҪμǾţǾų˿϶ġֻǣСԼҪ
ŵĲսʿΧڽԶĵطžԵš
Ǻɫӱ򿪺󣬻޷һ͵ĳӡȻҲһǻۣ۾ڻһȦ֮󣬱䵽˾ԵϡƺΪöԸ
ٴεͺһž˹ӽһ̶ȺٷѾ˻ĳһɫ·뵶γԵϮɱ
ʱȻվԭء
ԣóɱ֧ƺѾɵˣǳһҪԸѹ
ųҲüѵоԵˣֻһʵ΢ͨƽ
ͻȻһȻֿȭŻ޳˹ȥ
ȽӴģǻ޷ųĺɫ·ȭͷһȭӰǽͷŵĺɫ·ˡ
ͷŵĺɫƣҲǵ򣬲ȼĵǺڰ׺޷ųĵȫûпɱˣڰ׺еͷŵĵ¦ʩչĹɵͷŵĺɫ·򣬱һȭͷͳ׻ˡڰ׺ӵޣһһڵأͺС޷бȽϡ


2902 ְ빦
ͷ޵ʵȷʵǿ
ʶĶһ£ڻԪռ䣬ҲͨڤվʵȻˣǻԪռڤվ޵ɱǻԪռ޵ߵ³϶ңΪԪռ޵߶Իͷŵĵȫ˽⡣
һȭ޵ĵ򹥻ٶȲ޳̹ȥ
ƺҲû뵽Լ˻ôǿ΢һ£ȵŹͺͺ˺ʱ򣬾ԵȭͷѾ䵽СԴϡ޵棬Ҳкɫ򲨶Щɫ޷סԵȭͷ
䣡һȭͷȥ޵СԴֱӱ
ԣǿɵֻۣʹ˺һ΢Ҳɽ޵Դ
ų֧ڳľʿۿŸոշһĻУżɫ
ڳܶˣΪֻһʵ΢ƽ뵽һȭͷͽ޻ɱˡŵͨսʿҲһ˾ͻɱޡ
⾰ԣһߣѹûʲô򲨶֧һ
ţʵ׵ߡų˵ͷ
Իصų֧ǰ
ųˣѾɱͷޣǷԼţԶų
ԣųûԥֵ
ʯΣ֧ڡ
ڣΧ۵ľʿУһӦһٱ֧ܵǰ
ǸոռǻŵսʿԣһȻˡ֧ʯεսʿԸ
ʯδӦԣֵܣӭţԺǾսˡڣ
ллԶʯι˹֡
ԸʯΣȥǼһԼϢȡһסŵԱףų㣬Ҳס
ֵܣʵǿһȭͷɱ˻ޡ˵ʵʱҿһȭ˻޵Դ˺һᡣʯοž˵
ʯҲɱްɣԵ
ʯڻڣͨսʿйְġ֮ͨǰʯεĶԻ֪ʯǻһ졣
Ȼˣְ
ڣͼͨսʿͨսʿ֮С죬С֮죬֮ǰٻٻ֮ǧǧ֮Ͼǽ֧ǾŵĽ֮һ
һС٣һҲжʮͨսʿһС죬һֻսʿʯ죬ֵ¾жʮսʿڣҲʯµһսʿˡ
ҿûôǿҵʵܹܻޣɱ޾ͺˡǽɽеޣڤվޡʯҡҡͷ˵
ڤվ磬΢΢һ
ڻԪռ䣬޵Ҳڤվ磬ڤվ֮ﾳڤվ֮ڤվڤվ֮Ͼˡ
ţɽеޣ޸ǿһЩͬڤվޣɽڵڤվҪڤվǿ١ҵʵɱڤվ޲ѣҪɱɽڤվ޾ͺѡʯֵͷ
ɽǿʲôأԶһʵ
ǿޣȻɵۼˣǾų˶޷һ˶ԸĿֲޡȻҴδޣֻ˵ʯ¶η֮ɫ
ɵۼޣظһ䡣
뵽ڰ׺ͻȻֵޣѵɵۼޣȷʵкܴĿܣ
ţǸΣЩܹˡЩͨսʿҲΧɱͨڤվޡֵɽɣ벻ȥɽʶʶʯ̧ĿЦŵ
Ǿפأɽܽ𣿡ʶ
ȻܽˣǻפɲΪݹǰһʱ䣬ɽֱ䶯вٽɽڵ޲֪ʲôԭǳ˽ɽʧСǻˣкҪһ񣬾ֹɽڵ޳񡣡ʯĿ⾼
ɱͷޣҲǰڽɽԵ׽ġǻפصı治Զǽɽʯ˵
ֵܣʵȡͻܿġò˶ãְˡʯ쿴žԣٻְ
ʯ죬˼˵ɱǽɽޣܹȡͣͣԻȡְʱһ
Ȼˣ˵Ҳ׼ȷϸ˵ֻҪ㹦ʹﵽӦĹְҪ󣬱ԶɻӦĹְ⹦ܻͣȡԴʯǵͷҡͷ


2903 
ʯ˵ԴԾ˵ûʲô壬͵˫ɵۣѰԴûʲô󡣵ְд
Ԫռķ棬Ŀҵڰ׺İ취ڼҪģǶһռи˽Լָ˽ø࣬Ҫߵݵλ
Ԫռ䷴Ԫռ෴ⲢþԵĵʧֻҪ򣬵ʵǻָ
һͷޣܻȡٹͣʹﵽ٣ܽСְʵ
һͷȥĻϽţɻһ㹦ͣǻߵĻޣǱɻ㹦͡ʹﵽʮ㣬ɳΪС졣죬Ҫٴﵽʮ㹦͡ʯͦͦԼţݣ˵ĹͿ϶Ǵﵽʮˡ
Եͷ
ɽֱ仯ҹڵĴݹҲϡʱ䣬ǻžʿȡʱΡɱϽ֮⣬նɱйսʿܹͬù͡Ȼˣûдսʱɱǻȡ͵ѡʯһ
ȻʯεúܺãҲóйɱȡͣʯθԸȥɱޡȻҲΣգֻҪСһս໥ϣʲ󡣿ڴ͵սУǾ˵ˣÿһսҪȥܶˡ
ţ֪ˡʯ죬κʱ䶼ȥɽɱ𣿡Զһµ
ȻǣҪȥɽǰõ֮ſȥɽ˽뿪פأǿҪӱԴġǺǣǻţɲӱʯԺ˵
ˣлʯЩٴʯεл
ֵܣ̫ˡˣʲôʱɽǰ˵һֵһ𣬴һˡʯһֵ
ʯҪԽɽȻǴҪﾰԣۿһȭɱһͷޣ֪ʵǿоͬУɱɽеͼ޿ɾͼ򵥶ˡԴδɽԽɽ϶˽⣬˴һԾҲǺ¡ԣʯ쿴˫Ӯ
áԵ
ԱʯθŵĵطסųסǼ׵ʱĽͨʿסȻжô£һЩĵط
ھסڣû˷ʱ䣬Ϥһռĺڵ
չǳĿ١ڻԪռ䣬ǵɵۡⷴ棬дĵͼڣԲЩڵܹԽһĵȼ
ڵѶȣʵҲȰ׵󡣶ߣһġԪռ޵һҲԶԺڵ
ҵٶȣò˶ãұԻָڤվˡ԰ͷ
ŵͨսʿһڤվĵΪ硣
һº󣬾ԶԺڵձǴﵽڤվ
ݾԵ㣬ԼӦܹﵽڤվﵽ𾳽硣ڴﵽɵ۾磬ҪһЩʱ䡣ϾԽǸ߼ĵԽǷӣ㾰ڲʱΪɵ۶ʲôƿȻҪѭ򽥽
һգǾʯԼǰɽɱ޵ӡԺʯ֮⣬ʿһͬǰʿСְҲʯְϾԣһˡ
֮ʯθԽһߵˡǼԲʶľʿԾԵҲȽϿûΪֻͨսʿڳ̬߰Ͼһȭ䱬˻ԴǺܶ˶ۼġ
ˣפصľ񴦡ҪǰɽҪбõ񴦵ſ뿪פؽɽ
ȾǴӽɽڴ޻Ҳõ񴦽޻ɹ͵㡣
˲٣Ϊһʱ䣬Ŷûݹʲôսӽɽɱ޵ľʿ١ԡʯεˣҲҪŶӵȴ
ˣֵǽбˡʯЦ˵
Ҳ⼸ǰѾࡣ
ھԵĵȴʱԭȺͻȻ궯
궯ԭһ˸ոմ߽ԣҲոսľʿ
дˣʯε˵
д˴ӽɽˡȻҲڵ˵
ȻǽҪ뾰һͬǰɽԱ֮һʯһְ
һǧˣԿϵ׵
ھŴһʱ䣬ԵȻҲֵܷ𡣲ְͬսʿϵǲһġʯοедˣϵ׾ǧףֻȽײһȼ
ϵĵ򲨶жϣ˵Ϊ𾳽硣


2904 Ҫù
ڻ֮ڣǧһľǸ߼Աˣһǽ
ţдǧǰһʱд˽˽ɽˡʯεͷԾԵ˵
дνɽʱɲ̣ջһܴɣϧǧ˿ɲЩȥԡȻҲһԵ˵
ǽеǧ񴦺ĿɨһȦֱ¹̨˹ǧԵˣֱ˹̨ԵԭڽбļʿηԱվվ
һĻüͷʶ
ǧڲӰ
񴦰£Ŷã񴦣ֱӾ͵˰¹̨ʼû࿴ЩŶӵľʿһۡͺӦ顣
ôܲӣԲõ˵һ䡣
ԵĻʯκȻ˶Ѹٿԡ
ֵܣСһ㣬Ǳд⻰鷳ˡʯæѾԡ
ǧѵȨ𣿿ھ񴦲Ӱ£Կʯʵ
ʯε˶һۣ϶¶Ц顣
ڻУɲʲôȨЩˣǽ棬ǳԿĿ϶Լʯҡҡͷ
ֵܣ㽫ΪǧˣҲԲˣ˶Ҷ˵ʲôвʹ죬ҲšȻʯεĻ˵
۸˰Цһ
㲻ˣҲšһЦЦ
ǲأԿ˶Էһ۵
ֵܣǧҪǶһǣҲŵˡʯɫԣȰ˵
һξûٶʯε˶˵ʲôǿ˵ǧ
λǧˡԿڡ
ǧԵתԣʱھ񴦰µǧֻһԾȻû˵е֣Ҳ֪Խе
ţ£ǧԾʵ
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ôǧ㣬ӦǿкܶŶӵȴɣ˵ͬʱָָ󳤳Ķ顣
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ʯεȼ˶Щžԣԣô˴󵨣ֱһͷడ
ԣ֪֪ڸʲôǸһù𣿡һ뾰һɽɱ޵СѹԾԵ
Կ˶ԷһۻӦǣԼ飬޹ء
ּǧǧҪ£ҲӦŶӰɣųˣҲûʲôǧͿвŶӵȨɣ
ˣʲô˵ǧһŭȵ
ǻսʿԣҲ˵ֻǧ㣬ҪؾŵĹŶӰ£
쵰ǧЩŭˡ
֮ǿߣھǧɴʱȻһССͨսʿָ棬ȻҲסУԸ񱾾ЩԵôսʿָȻܲˡ
С˭
̫ǿ˰ɣҵָǧˣ
һ֮ǰżǻŵģܿ˵ʱһֳˡ⾰ҲͦģһоͰһͷ޻ɱˡߡ
ߣǺǡ
ײǧҪùˣ
սʿǣԾԿʼۡվԽп˵ʱ򣬵ۿսʿ٣Դʱھ񴦣ҲۼԿ˵սʿ
ڹ̨ڵľ٣ԵҲЩŹ֡
ǧһ֮ǰżǾŵߣˣ̫ܲأҲûҪŭٶǧ
ߣǧһһ΢ߣô˵ҽգԺ˭У
սʿԣ·ϣĿϷ壬УҪгΡԶҵĲǶۼˡǧ߰˵ڳսʿ
ʯε˶ɫ΢΢һ䣬ǴʱҲΪ˵ûﾰ˵ʲôС졢ݣһǧǰ˵ϻ
ǧˣ⻰˵òԡҾԣû·ϣֻҪؾŵĹذˣƻŵĹ򡣡ЦŻ˵
ǧ˵ĳΣԵȻǲϵģһ𾳽޵ߣҲҾԣ


2905 ſ
ûǧϣǧȻҲὫԷ
һսʿˣοһ΢ߡ
һռ䣬Ҳܶ࣬ԵλҪ޵ߵͺܶࡣ
ɫ࣬һ֮Ǵ߶ԾԶˡ
ΪžͶԾˡ
ҿˣǧȶֵġԼǧԼ֣ĵһӦǻȽкһ
ʯεԵĺЩ
ǿο϶ҪԴˣ㲻ǧɱҲһᱻݺݵĽѵһܻᱻš㾰ûд϶ҲǾԳԿܼ򵥣һ𼶵ǧһսʿȣǿ϶ǧҪöࡣ
ɫĵ򲨶žѹ
ƣԻӶȭͷݺһȭ˹ȥ
ǣǧʩչֶΣ뾰ȭͷӴ󣬶ʱһ졣
ڳоʿ㶼ǧĹֶαˡһĻڳȫ̲ס˿
ô£
ǧ˵ĹȻ׾ͻˣǧַֻĹҲǿְ߳
ǧˣǵԲ۾
ǽѸƶǧӽȥ˾ֻܽ͵ǧĽֽ֮һȭǧ˹ȥԵĶ̫ˣ֮ǧҲ벻ԼĹֶλᱻһȭͻԵԵȭͷʱûü÷ֶΡ
䣡ǧԴݺݵһȭʵʵ
һȭȥǧſˡΪûüʹøķֶΣķֻвת
ǧҽгԴЩˣް
Կһ۱䵹ڵصУ˫֡
Ҷˣǧȳ֣УǧؾŹ߳ŭҪɱңɲĿ⻷ܣڳľʿ˵
ʿǣ͵ıžԡ
̫ǿˣ
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ܶ˿ǧѪģգɴ˸
㣡㡭쵰ǧҡҡЩµԴվȻž
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ۣǧһѪӿ
ʱ˼ңΪЩ㲻״⾰ԵʵΪʲô֮ǿ
ˣҼ°ɣʱ䱦󣬿ɲܰװ˷ѡ˵һ䡣
̨ڵİԱɫŹֵĶžԿһᡣѾ﷢飬򲨽ž񴦵߸ˣ򲨽
ԡֵܣ㡭㾹Ȼôǿǧ˻Ҫǿ󣡡ʯ쾪㵵Żصߵľԣµ
ȻȼˣҲһ˹ıžԡ
⼸оͬʱҲЩ˷ܡԵʵ֮ǰΪĲ֪ǿٱǸžԽɽǵջ
һռȻλԽϵͣǵʵﵽһ̶ȣǽҲһġԪռķ棬ɵҲǼֲĴڣȴɵ۶ǿöࡣһȭʹſ𼶵ǧ˵ԵʵǶӽɵ˰ɣ
һһɣ԰ڰЦŶʯε
ʱһӰھڡ
ע⵽ոսˣǽף˵Ǿŵһλ
򲨽ˣǾվս񣬿˵
ˣڳľʿҲ߼
򲨽ĿɨһȦɫ
ô£˭ھ񴦶֣ͳʵ
ˣ·ϣҶҶ֣˵˵˵ʱָžԡ
Ŀ⣬Ҳԡ
¼ŵսʿԣ򲨽žԵ
ǣ򲨽Եͷ˵ˣ²ܹҡǧƻأֻعأҪɱҡҶˣȶҲġ
٣ٿ˵ˣȷʵǧȶֵģǧ̫ŭûס
ˣ⾰ֻһͨսʿȴȫǧʵ뽫µġǧٵĶ򲨽͵


2906 군
ͨսʿ
ͨսʿܽ
ڻֻͨսʿݣҲ潫䵱ŵͨսʿԴ
򲨽ݺݵĵǧһۣѪģգе̲סС
Ǿ񴦣ھ񴦶֣ǾǴ˾͡ԣǶ˶д򲨽˵
˶д
⻰ü򲨽򲨽⻰˵ǹƽԴʵȻƫ̻еɡʵϣ򲨽ȷʵƫ̻СԭҲܼ򵥣ǧˣսʿ򲨹ϵԶ˵İġ
ΪǶдһǶ˶д򲨽ֵ
ǺǡЦһ
Ц󣬵˲䣬ǽȫĿֶ۽˹ȥԵЦȻζǲ򲨽˵Ļ
ԣЦʲô򲨽һ
ЦΪÿЦѵЦ𣿡۾򲨽򲨽Ȼʱ䲻㳤Ҳ֪ڶǲʵġ룬ҲӦҪɣѵǧҪɱңҾֻվԭص
򲨽ɫ
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ҳ֣ô֪ǲҪɱң˵ûɱңҲðգҴ˾ͣǧҪ׽ҲŶҶ֣޻˵ǣҸûз´ֻΪҳǧҪӣ߳ŭҳ֣ҾġԵ
˶ǧͷݺݵɨžԡ
ײҾͰˣȻҶײˣԣֱ޷죡ˣǧָžԺ
ѵڻڣͨʿ˵ҲǴ˵
ɫһ֮ܵǿࡣλ򲨽ȻǶԾԼȵĲҪԾԳˡ
ʲôԺеʱ˵ڣʵʵĽܴɣųߣ򲨽˵仰֮󣬱֣̽žץ˹ȥ
򲨽һλɵۡŵĽԶɵۼǿߡʵϣŵľųͽǣʵǿһȺˡŵͨʿǶľӢڤվܼţļܻ츳
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һץҲҴ⡣ڻԪռ䣬ͨĵɵ۶ԾûвԪ棬ԺɫûôϤһպɫĵɵ۳֣Բܲӡ
úãһȡ
΢ҲǼٵת˳񴦣ʱȵ⣬ҲĿԼ˲ҪˣڳľʿҲԻ
߶ҿԶһȭͷ˹ȥ
һ֣ʿıɵˡǧ˶֣ѾԽˣھԾֱӶԽˣͲԽܣ޷ˡ
Էˣ
Խҳ֣ʲô
군ˣ군ˡǿϹԹ־ܽܳͷܻܼھУϾֳʵҲǿ󡣿ڣ¾ͲôˣᱻֱӴġ
ðͷ࣬ʵôǿôû˸ɵģ

ڳľʿǣԾǶ򲨽֣һ۾ѹе𶯡ͨʿԽ֣
󵨣򲨽ԾȻһ֣һŭȣֱܵĺɫʱŨ
Ȼ򲨽ŭˣԾԲɱ⡣
ھڣǧȽȻֻһ𣬵ʵײ㡣ǧҲ𼶣ɵۼӻԪռҲɶգԪռɵжɵۣǾǻԪ飬ֻңڻԪгûС
ۣԵȭͷ򲨽ӡӴ
ռ֮΢΢һ
ΪԺ򲨽Ŀɢһײɵƻǲ󡣶Ŀǣ򲨽ȻԻˡ򲨽ǿȶٿԣȻվԭأ˫žͺǶӡڵ֮¡
еˣ۾ԲͶŴˡľȫǵ
ԡɵǿߣ
ƺҲֻһͣԲɵۣλ򲨽λɵǿߣǿҲɵۡɵۣ֮һ޴޷Խĺ蹵


2907 ɵ
ܻ򲨽ֻһͣǾͬɵۣһɵۡ
ߴﵽɵۼ֮ʵֲ֪֮ġ
ǧҲŴͣžԣҳˡ
㡭ɵۣ򲨽𾪵žʵ
ԵĿֲ˭뵽¼ŵսʿһɵۣ֮Уɵǿж٣ɵ۵٣
ɵΣɵΣھ飬ǲɵ۶ûϵԳ˳ǻ˵
ûϵôûϵ򲨽еͺ
ǧֵܵǸ򲨽漴Ƕǧ
ǧľȻ򲨽
ֵܵǸֵһλɵǿ߶ŶӣȴӰ£ǻˣǧһ䡣
ǧ棬ȻѾʧӰˡڵֻʵʵԵǸȻȻЩԸ
ֵܣҵĴЩֲˡ£ȷʵǧԡھ񴦶֣һϱųˣųԴ򲨽ֶԾԵ
򲨽Զ򲨹˹֡
ǧ߰ɣȥų򲨽ֶǧ
ǧͷ򲨽˾񴦡
ô˵ˣԿʯεˣЦʵ
ڳоʿһηžԣʯǼˡҲ벻ҪһɽԵսʿԣһɵۼǿߡ
ԡˣʯθ˳ƺ
ȻھȻûκεĹְʯҲֵȥƺˡ
ǰĳƺͦõģҲЩ԰ڰֵ
˵ʯεȻô⣬Զ̬ûʲô仯˵Ҳ˲١
ԴˣɵǿߣΪûڼŵʱų˵أʯʵ
ǰų֪Դɵǿߣǿ϶þԴֻһͨսʿȻҲڵ
ǲ˵κ˼ţҪͨʿʼȻ׬ȡͲְԵ
Ǿһ˵ҲҪ˹ؽǶɵۣȻˡɵ۰ļһλɵǿߣǿɲ׵顣ʯҡͷ˵
˵䣬ֵǽбǼˡ
Դˣ㡭һɽ𣿡ʯμȻҪǼһ𱨱ʵ
ȻԵͷ

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ųҸո˵һ˸е˼顣ֱ֧ӿ˵
ţų֧ʲô£
֧ʱŹ֣ˣȻѰ顣ǣҲӦòʲô飬ҪȻ֧Ҳڵı顣
ųǵһ֮ǰǻŵľ԰ɣ֧˿
ţǼǵһߣʵͷüôˣ
ھ񴦣ż졢С챨Ҫɽ֧
ɱޣʵǿɽΧûʲôɣųĿ֧
ֹû⣬ʵֻҪɽģ϶û⡣֧ҵ˼ǣԲͨɵۼǿߡ
֧Ļų۾΢΢һУЦҡͷ֧Цˡ
ųҲ벻һĪפطΧߣһλɵۼǿߡңλɵۼǿ߻ǳҪšôܣ鷢
ɵۣκһǶصͨߣλߣǵɵ۲ΣǵλֱߴǳѰɵ۵ġھ֮ڣֻһɵۣҲǽλ彫Ǿڳųսǿģ֧ʵλɵ۽
ųҿûЦġһ˵²ȷϺ󣬱̹֧ɫ
ţ񴦷϶ųһ顣
ųı飬ҲʱȻʶ֧ġ
ųˣʱ򲨽ǧ˽
֧Ҳڰ򲨽ֶ֧ͷ
򲨽á֧ҲԺЦŵ˵ͷ
ų΢򲨽򲨽˵
ųнھ񴦴ˣΪھ񴦶֡Ҵ㴦á򲨽
ǧͷ˵
ųȴû˵δǧ⣬ʵԣɵ򲨽ˣ


2908 ֱ
ųʣ򲨽΢ЩΡ򲨽ȷʵҲһЩ뾰Խ֣ô˵һӰġ
ǵģ򲨽ͷԣȷʵɵۼǿߣһλɵۣǳǿ󡣡
ų֮йâһ뾰Խ֣ǿȫȷɵۡ
񴦳һ£Ƿдųʵ
򲨽ü˵ϸ˵ӦûģȷʵǧȶԾԶ֡
ΪҪþأųֱ򲨡
⡭򲨲֪ôˣܲ˵Ϊͨʿƫ̻С
ˣҾͲˣԺע⡣ų֣漴ͷǧУӣӦûȽϳˡ
ǣǣųˣ³ˣԺһٷǧӦ
ȻˣξͲطˡУŽĹ͵㣬´ͨʿʼɡסˣٴͣشų
ᷣǽеĹְһף͵ա
ǲҶ˵ʲôŵľͱͼϸ¼ʵǿɴСģһ˾ųǾͲܴ»СС»ˡֻѰľʿȻͬ
ԵĹƽκεطڡ

ھ񴦱󣬾ʯε뿪ӪǰɽǱһųסȥ·
ųר֪ͨԾųټġ
Դˣų˿϶֪ɵǿˣȥʯ˵
ԣϢˣ򲨽ҲǧȥųˡȻҲͷ˵
šԿʯμ˵ȵȵң
û⡣
õģʯε˺ԥͬȾԡ
Ըٴųסк󣬱㷢ų֮⣬߰˸ˣÿһ˶Ϣ϶ɵۼĵ򲨶
ûʱۼųӪеˣɵۼǿߡų͸ոսľ֮⣬˾ԶǻŵĽţһʮλʱӪصаλųӪڡ
ųˣԶų֡
ˡųϴ΢Ц˵һ£֧򲨽㶼ѾʶˡλһҲһߡλӽ
ųڳĽԽһ顣
λǸոռǻŲһµľɵۡɵۣһɵۡųֶڳĽܾԡ
ųĻڳǼһ뾰ԼĽҲû¶Ծı飬ȻѾǰ˵ϢҲųͻȻټˣȻһΪʲô¡ھΪֲʲôܣǾ㲻רŴҲ֪ܿ
ɵ𣿡һžԣɵ
ǺǡЦһ
ǻɵɵüûٶԡ
һɵۣΪͻȻפأɵۣǷܸһͣӽ˿ԣֿ˿ų
ʵϣųҲʡҰ˵һɵۣӦзǳģӦ˵Ŷԡʵǣûɵǽоԡ˵ҹ͸ĹңѷΧ󵽸ԶҲҲػƵɵۡ
ֻ˵ŵġҴӺδҼ˵Ҳ֪һңԶĵطӽ˵
ɵĽͣδ̫԰ˡӽҡͷ
ҲŷҲںЦЦŲңҲû취ʵڲУ뿪žǡ
ɵ۲ӽҲû˼ųʱ˵ˣţɵ۶ԻŶҹûжġԾɵɵ۵ʵֺαҪţⲻǶһ
м˵ͷ
лų˵ΣҾԣûκζ⡣Ҳ֤ΪҹЧԵ
ãųһá
λ뾰ɵ۹һ顣ų˵飬žɵۣλŵĽ
ţ
ʲô
þɵ۵ν
⡭Ҳ̫˰ɣλɫ΢΢һ䣬׷׿ڡ
ԴһɵۣȻҪһЩһӾʹͨʿδԽ̫ˡ˵ɵ۵ĿǰҲûŴֺĹ͡


2909 ֮
ЩŽд͵ġ
ԼɵۣûκιֱͣӳΪŽǻܶ˲
Լųν΢ԾУϲãҪߵݵλλ㹻ߣյϢŻ㹻ࡣĿǰΪֹԶԻԪռ䷴˽ȻǷëǵģ˵һռǷҲںڰ׺ӣǷҲȵȣЩʱ
Ԫռ䣬ڵԣȥڰ׺Ӵڵ⣬ֹԪĵ
ųڳλʵϣҲ֪ԼþԵξų϶⵽ȽǿķԡȻǾųǻŵ߸ˣҲÿǽǵǿƣҲܰԵӽǵ̬ȡ
ųʱþԵνҪһֲԡ㣬ϣþףԼͻŶǷǳԵġΪҷԣʱܵνɵȽһ¹֮ܳΪŵĽ
λԾɵ۵ξŽְ𣿡ų
ųҲǷԾɵ۵ν²ôҹݹڽս֮У͵սʱܱԾɵ۵ʵǺܼ򵥵顣Ⱦɵ㹻ĹˣνҲͷˡ
ǰھþɵ۵νҲ᲻
ǻŵְǹ͵㡣
λڡ
۴⼸Ž
˵ģҲеųͷþԵξǧְ񡣾ɵۼǿߣʱûй͵㣬ֻǧľʿҲŷ
ͬ⣡
Ҳûɵ۱ϾĴڡɵۼǻţҲײʿʼȷʵҲʡ֧˶ͷ
ɵۣΣųʵ
ųھפѴһµʱ䡣˵ͨɱ޵ķʽԻȡŹ͵㣿ʵ
ԣڽɽǱ߲֪ʲôʣܶ޴ӽɽڳǻţκɽͨɱɽޣֱӻȡ͵㡣ųͷ˵
ɵۣͨɱɽ޻ȡ͵ǿɲסҪҪĹ͵̫ˡӽЦŶԾԵ
ɵɵֱۣӲμйŵĴսǻȡͻһЩ֧Ҳ˵
Ȼˣɵɽɱ޻ȡ͵㣬Ҳȫԡһž˵
޵ʬ壬ܻȡ͵𣿡û⼸ĻǼųʵ
ҪʲôޣѰǲеġ٣ҲǻǸȼޣҲڤվޣҵǽɽڤվޡų͵
ţԵ˵ͷ
ô֪ͷ޵ʬ壬ǷԻһЩ͵㡣Ե˵ͷ
һһͷ޵ʬ壬ǱԴӴռŪ˳ͷޣǺڰ׺ڵͷޡԺһɵۡ¦ֻɱͷ޺󣬾һɵ۶޵ʬоһʱûջʬǱ
Խͷ޵ʬ壬ǰյϡ
ڳˣĿȫԸոóʬ塣
ʲôޣ򲨽Ŀ
䣬ɫ̾ͱˡɫҲں̵ܶʱڷ˾ҵı仯ΪѾԼ뵽һִмֲĿޡ
ųɫԵı仯֮зһĨɫ
óʬ壬Ȼ˴𶯡
ܰɣ˵
ɵۣͷ޵ʬǴӺδģų˿Ծʵ
ԳͷʵǳǿҲǽҲɱ룬Ӧܹȡٹ͵İɣ
ԲȷһռǷںڰ׺ӣһռ޵ߡ߶Ժڰ׺ж˽ԼǶԺڰ׺ӵ̬ȣԾʱû˵ڰ׺ӡ
Ǿɵֻɱģųžԡ
ţɱģԵͷ
ǻޣԲǣֻǳƵһޣһҡͷ˵
˭ɱޣǿ֮еޡһҡͷ
֮ӣ
֣и΢΢һһռ˵֮ӣǲǾǺڰ׺ӣǣֳֻƺһˡԪռĺڰ׺ӣҲһɺȫλ컯ɵ۸֡ڰ׺ⷴռ䣬ܾͱ֮ӡ
λ԰꣬һ¿֪ųվߵʬǰ


2910 ǿ
ڽÿ˵Ŀⶼųϡ
ȻޣӦþһռޣֻǲ֪ʲôԵʵ˻Ԫռ䡣
ܾ֮ܿͨӣһռ֮ӣܿԪռڰ׺ͨҴӺڰ׺һռ䣬ȴǳ֮ӣ֪ʲôԵʡ
ųͽǶ޵̬ȿһռӦҲΪֲˣǿ֮һ
аת
ȻѾնɱʬڣȻеӡųͨʬжϣóʬǲǻޡ
ޣҲлɵޣһռ䣬Ҳֻ֮ӡ֮ӣλڽɽ֮أֻǿɵ۲ִܵɽ֮ء
ųʬļܿ죬ʱųջ
˵ȷʵǻޡ
ʲô
ǻޣ
ôܣɵôɱޣ
ǻԪǿޣԪڣҲûٴܹ޲ɱ
ɵ֮ǰ˵Լûɽ𣿻ڽɽ֮ص֮ڣûɽľɵۣɱޣ
ųˣǻǴеĻޣ
Ƕ궯
Ȼδ潻ֹǴͷڲдĵ򲨶ǻޡλҲһ¡ֵȷʵǻԪߵȼ򣬶ࡣųڽ
ڳĽ½ǰܡڼ֮ÿ˵ı鶼вͬǵжżǿҵĲš
Ҵδǿޡ¡ǻˡǻޣҲͬһޣۺϿòǲԶ϶һͷޡɵ˵
ҲͷЩɵۼǿߣ֪ɽٴˣڽɽǿ޽֣ɱĸޡǣǶδ沫ɱǵʵ޷ִ֮ӵģǿûޡ
ɵۣ㵽ʲôطնɱĻޣһɵ̲סٴѯʾԡ
ȷʵһµĺ֮ɱĻޣǺߵɵġҲȷʵ֪ǲ֮ӡ԰ٵĵ
˻ٽʶ˿
ڿɵȷʵȥ֮ӡɵۣ֮ӻŻˣ֮ɱһͷܱɱĻɵޡ
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˵޲ǾɵɱǾɵεõʬģʬ壬ǻԪΪĲϣûʬȼֵԣǻԪϴڳɱ˻ޣҲὫʬˡЩϴ˵ҲǿĶ
˵ԪϴԳ֣Ҳδɱޡ˵ֻҪ֮ڲǾ޵еġǻԪϴǣҲ֮޲ɱ
˿ԵԳ˱仯
ʵҲǣЩɵǴҲͨĵɵ۶ѡԪռͨɵۣǰֱӾͻᱻɱȻԪռ䣬պɫ޵ǶԻ޵ĵ򹥻Ϥ˽⣬ǻ޵ʵ̫ǿˣǼ˽Ҳ޷ס޵Ĺͺɵǿһֻ˵ǻڻԪռɵԻҪһЩ
ޣܻٹͣʵ
ų˿򲨽ǣһʱûлӦԡ
ųش𣬶һӲ֪λشΪھŵĹ͵ϵͳУûл޶һľ幦͵ġΪûɱ޲һŹ͵㡣ĻڣͬҲˡ
˭ûһ͵㣿˵ȥǻᱻ˵Ц
ԣҪû޶һ͵㣿ųԼԵƽҲڼ֮ɫ
һͷްҲڶͷĻޣ
ţԵͷ
Ļǵһ¡޾һٹ͵ʣûǰѭųλǾûܶһٹ͵㣿
ŵĹ͵㣬ֵǺܸߵġһͷɽޣܶһһ㹦͡һ͵㣬ھŻҹڣǿԻȡԴġ
㹦ͣС졣ʮ㹦ͣ졣ٵ㹦ͣٻһ㹦ͣǧǾͲҪ͵ˣһ㻹ɵۼǿߡʮ㹦ͼɵۣͿڻΪˡ


2911 
ųڳĽǣž棬ϼһͷܶһٹ͵㡣
һͷ컯ʬ壬ɶһ֡Ȼ컯ԶԶȡ֧˵
컯ҲǽɽеһޣʵҲǳǿͨɵۣҪֲܹɱ컯ڻԪռ䣬ɵĵԪɵۣɱ컯
˵컯ޱȲ̫ˡ
֧֮컯ҲΪڻڣ߼޶һҲǽ컯ˡ
һͷ컯ڻпɶһ㹦͡
컯ȻǲᲢۡҿ޿ɶһʮŹ͡ɵۿŻʬ˵
ʮ֣Ҳ˵ɡֵ֧
ų޾ܶһٻ֣Ҫɵۿų޿޼ۣŵﶼƴɵۼȻ⽫޶һɹͣҲþɵ̫Կ
˵Ķԣ

˺һᣬҲûһļֵʵҲʲôա
һ͵ɣųп˵ɵۣһ͵Σ
һ͵㣬ڻԪɵ˵ҲǷǳӴһˡ˵һͷ޵ļֵԲǰ͵ԺġųҲÿǾŵ͵ϵųһͷ޵ʬ彫Ź͵ϵŪˡ
ųð͵ʣûԵûԥͬˡ
ǰڻԪռʱԲ֪޵ļֵⷴռ䣬ӾųλĻУԶԻ޼ֵҲ˽һЩԾԼŻҲû̫ãôޣﵽλĿġ
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ʬ彻ţԵõӦһ͵㡣
ڣλԾɵ۳ΪŽ˰ɣų˵
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ղŴҷԣҪ˵ûκιͣھаŹ͵㣬ǻ˵ʲôɵҪʵʵҪйͣŽȻԡ
ɵۣϲ㡣ڣǻŵĽ֮һˡųЦŶԾԵ
Խϲ
ϲԽˡ
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ǣ˶ԵءȻ˻ɻ޲Ǿɱġ
Ҳ飬Ԫϴڶδɱޣƾʲôɱ֮ӵĻޣԪϴڣЩɵ۱ûˣҲ˵Щ쳹ռ֪֡һҫУûоɵۡ
ԽɵۣҲɵۡžԣ˵Խ֪ܷдһ£ɵϡ٣ѵлɵд衣
˻һԡ
ǣҲ棡ǣҲʶһ¾ԽʵжǿڳУ򲨽뾰ԽֹûԳ֡
д裿΢΢һЦ
ԣֻǼ򵥵д衣ͷڴ˵
תĿųųЦԽǲ⣬ǿдһ
ųʶһ¾Եʵλɵۣսŵڶֻų֮¡
ãҾдд衣Եͷͬˡ
ڳĽǣһ
ųλ˾ųӪʣӪĿ֮
Խɵۣ֪˭ǿһЩ
ûɱʵģȻʵҲǿҲ֮ӣ˵ɱˡ
Խɱһͷޣǿ϶ǾԽʵǿ
ǣ˭֪ǲɱ˻أ

ǣΪڴ뾰Խд
Ԫռ䷴ռ䣬ɵڵɵۣȷʵҲҪٵöࡣɵۣʵǳǿǸոսɵۣսҲ׻ͨĵɵۡ
λɵۣԶԪռ¦ȵġ¦ⷴռ䣬ҲɵмǿĴڡ巽ʵĿǰҲȫ¦Ķ֡ڻԪռ䣬Եʵ컯ɵۺ¦ǸΣҪΪ˫ɵۣսศɣӵиǿս
Գɾ͵ɵ۵ʱ򣬵ҲǸ΢˲Сı仯֮͸΢磬΢ǿȡ˻Ԫռ䣬ʱڵûʲôս΢ûб


2912 Ů
Ϊֻд裬ԾԺҲȽ⡣
ȡԼؽ
׽δɱ䵽۱ھսҪʹõؽ
Խ׼𣿡ֳһص
ԿʼˡԵͷ
֮ս޵֮սô䡣Ժ˻ʾһº󣬱㶼Է̹ȥ
΢֮£еؽеصзâ֡
ٶȼ죬գ֮ǷֱӽӴؽصײ񱩵ϯ
ųλĿתŶսеˡǶԾԵʵû㹻ʶǶսʮ˽ġ
䣡ռعѡ
ž壬޷Ƶˡײʱ弸ǵɳȥġԽȴȵվԭء
ֻһν֣С
ʵ¦ǰɾͲʮǧԪռ䷴ҲǷǳǿġ԰
ڵĻԪǰɫⷴԪĺɫ򡣲磬ұ㽫ⷴԪΪԪɣĿ⿴ű˵š
֪ڰԪɵУǴһĲСյİԪϢ̫ˣֻ
ԽȻʰ·硣Ե˵
ֻһУ֪ԼǾԶ֣Ҳ໹СȥҲûʲô塣
ˣԹ˹֣ؽ
սĽǻЩ仯ǿܶԾԽʵһĻɣھͲҪˡԽǱҪǿɵۡ
оԽ룬սǻǿȷԵǿʵ֮󣬴ȻԾȻ̫ɶԾԼǷĻ͸ûʲôˡǿɵۣҪҹ߻ŲѹҪѾ˼ȼšңĻĿģҲܽǻ޵ʬóΪδ̫һЩ
Խųϲ⡣
һɣԪУкܶɵ۱ʵҪǿöɣװ˵һ䡣
ԽǫˣһԪϴڣûɵܱȾԽǿҡҡͷ
һԪһ
һԪʲô˼ѵЩҲ֪ԪĴڣԽԪռΪԪԼǸԪռΪԪ
ǰһԪڣԽʵ϶⡣ֵ
ųҲͷ˵ң¶ǾԽĶ֡
ųˣǻ˾Խǲǿˣӽ̧Ŀʵ
ǣݹЩ˶ڿǷǳ񰡣֧Ҳ
פҪһԭΪ˵ݹ֮֡ǰһʱҲǴڽΪľ档ǻűȴݹ֧ǿǻűֳ־ɽݹǿţʱǲõĽɽ޵ɧţݹûɽֱӽĵط
ţڣعһˣǷԴݹųͷ

ųʱ뿪߾פأĹųŷعҪԭǽ޴ȥ̫Ҫˣʧ
ԣʱ£гŵʯεȼʿɽȻھǲҪͨɱɽЩͨȡˣϾ֮ǰӦʯεһɽԵġ
Ĺʹ֮С
һգųصĹųݣʹʱԵġųĵڶսǿľš
£ųһŻʹڵŮǰ
ҹĹҲһŮӣòͬɵۼһλǳǿĵɵۡ
㣬㴫Ѷң˵Ҫ˵ʲôҪ飬ȻһҪ˵ЦŶʵ
ųϵǼ򵥵ľ˽¸ǽáûʱ˶ԻȽ⡣
£ǰһʱ䣬һˡųĿ⿴Ź˵ˣһɵۣʵǿĶ֡
ʲô
һɵۼ˻ţ
ôɵôͻȻҹľţ㣬λɵ۲ҹ˰ɣ¶ɫ
ڣĿǰֻһλ֪ɵۣ


2913 Ҳ
ǻеڶλɵۣ֪ܲȻ󣬵һλɵҲ̫ܳڹҽ֮ڶϢ⴫
£λɵֽۣоԣȷҹˡԼ˵ǴӼңԶ֮ض˵ɵӦҹûе⣬Ҫȼšų˵
͛Vͷ
λɵҲ˻ţǻڱλɵˡ͛V޵¶ϲı顣
ԣѾþɵ۵ξŽְ񣬾ԽʵҪǿŵսһ̨ףɵۼţ÷ǳ󡣡ųЦ
˵£רŴӱ߾פػһΪҪ顣뿴ʲô
ų£ǽǻ޵ʬ˳
͛VŻޱƬ̣¶ݵôԽԽǴеĻޣ
£ͷ޾֮ӵĻޣǾԽóġԽԳɱͷޡȻѾʶǿʵȻΪܵɱ״̬ĻޡͷɱӦûԭ򣬻ΰֻ֣ͷ
ЩҪҪǾԽԸó޸£޽شı仯ܹõúã»ڵϸһų˵
͛VȻһͷ޵ļֵ˵ҹĹңǱҹΪǿĹңҲŪһͷޡޣԪϴڶۺĶޣҲܹɵΪȽ䱦
㣡ڻ޵ϢԲ⴫ҪȻǿܻо޴鷳͛V
ϢǴȥҹʵºѻסı
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㣬һԽλɵ۵ˣȻԸóޣ͛V֮¶ɫųǰûпԼ˼
λصľɵۣȤɵۡ
£ǻ˴ݹľţԻˡʱټŵнų
ھԽô죿͛VĿų
ųüλ£Ȼһ֮ʱǻԵȥһ¡
£Ժͻ᷵ؾפأڲ֮ұ㷢ԴݹŵķپԽӰġųЩε˵
ûϵԽʱ޷عȥפؼˣ͛V̾˵ȻѾ뵽ųô˵ʹ˸塣
ųΡ

ųݵļ͛Vһ˹ұ߾Ļפء
ųȥ뾰ԽʱԽżС˽ɽѾһʱ䡣
ųȥ
ԽȤѾǽˣȻ졢Сɽԡ͛VЦ֮¾ϣ΢΢
£Խȥ˽ɽ֪ʱԣ㻹ȻعɣųԼ͛V
Ǳûʲô£ڹ飬ǽɽ޻Ծдݹ֡㣬Ҿפصһʱˡ͛VȻھͷعҪȾԽ
ôУҹݹı߽֮أݹľӲ֪ʲôʱͻͻȻΣյġųҡͷ
㣬ҵʵɲ˵ˣ߾ǡڣݹˣ˭вҵİȫ͛VȻôױ˵
ųҲΣֻͬ͛VʱӪ֮СȻˣ͛V˵ҲеݹǿɵۣҲǰԼ͛V̫в˵͛VʵҲ˶١ֻҪ͛Vݲ¶Ӧþûʲô⡣
֮󣬾ʯεȾʿӽɽءһνɽʯǼ˿˵ض顣
Ȼûнɽ̫ĵطΧҲɱ˲ޣкܶ඼ʯʵ޷ɱޡԽˣЩ޶̫ϣʹʯǼˡ
ξԽɽҲûջԽɽһ˽⡣


2914 ά
ɽǴĳһĳڣһάĴڡ
ڻԪκεطܿӽɽȫòǻԪϴڣҲ޷͸ɽңɽԪ˵޴ڡ
ҹԽɽӾҹǳңԶĹҲԽɽϿɽƺҹܹɽĹҪͨɽҹִңǾǲܵ顣
֮ɽǷǳعܵһطɽڵޣҲڤվ𣬶Ҫڤվ޸Ϊǿ
ɽ֮أ֮ӣֻлԪϴڣִܵɽ֮ӡΪԼҪصԪܿҲҪ֮ͨӡ
Խųӽɽ̹ȥųĽһֱڵžԣԻ󣬾ǰ˵
ųҪңŶ֪ˣҾ͹ȥԵͷӦ
ھųӪ֮ڣԼųԻֵļ͛V
ų£Կųʵ
㿴˿Եļ͛Vֿԣֹӡ
㣬λǾԽ͛Vųʵ
ǣλǻŵľԽųͷ
ԽãǼ͛VҹĹ͛VֱӾͶԾԱԼݡ
΢΢һ
ųҲ̲ס˷ۣûеžƼ͛VΪ£ǲ뱩¶͛VݡǼ͛VãֱӾ˵Լݡ
ųҲžԣǲһһعҲǱҪġ
͛V˵仰󣬱㽫ȡһ˫Ŀžԡ
¡ųü
㣬Ҫġֻˣûµġ͛V˵仰ԡ
ݼԶԼ͛V
ҹĹŮԣǰ֪£û˶˵ŮˣҲûѯʹ
Ůˣ
а
ڻԪռ䣬ʲôľɫŮû߷ѩԪҲǾɫϾҲǼŮԣڷʱϾһ˵ͷ˵ʵΪﵽزֻҪ΢¶ôһ˼ǻԪб㲻֪жپɫ˻ͶͱǾԵȹ̣ЩվɫҲ޷Դϵ𶯡
Կλ͛VȴһȪʵĹŹָоڼ͛VϣƺһֶصǾԣ鲻Խ࿴˼͛VƬ̡
Խض񡣡͛V̧ۣ΢Ц
㣬ܲ뾰Ե˵˵͛Vų
ų˿ԣͷ˳ȥ
Խ˵㲻֮ǰżţ˵һλɵۡ͛V͵˵
ġԵͷ
ԽܷңʲôطأģҲߵˣ㣬Ҳ˵͛V촽ƶһħ
վߵԽǰԿᵽ͛Vϵĵ㡣
ĵطû˵ҲաûʲôӰ졣
ֲ˵ʵҲ߹ǡԼҲԼôҹģͬʱҲ֪λصԼļ硣
͛V΢΢һЩͷ
ԽǷ֪޶޵ߵأһͷޣԪϴڽס͛V˵
ڸʱԻ޵ļֵûʲô˽⣬ҽ޸ʱѾ֪һЩҲûΪ޶ʲôڵͷʵ
ʬ̺ߵȼ򣬽ﵹǿԲ͸һĵ򡣵Ծ˵ʱòϵģյĺڵոմﵽڤվΡյĺڵҲﵽɵۼҲлԪƬãԪƬ̺ڰߵ򣬱Ȼ޻á
һʱԾͽڵյڤվˡɽ¶ʱ䣬ںڵյϲΡ
ڶԺڵղϼУҲ˺ڵԼĶô԰׵򣬾ԪʱǻԪɵۡ˰Ԫ֮УʼԺڵղ͸֮󣬾ԷֵԼ㹻ĺڵԼԵ˺ܶµ֪հ׵ʱ֪ͬ
ڵҲܹ΢Ӱ졣ȻⰵԪԵĵĿǰֻڤվԼ΢ԪʱơһЩڰֵ򣬺񶼿Զ΢һֶصֵ΢Ӱ첢ụ


2915 ս
ԼҲ˼
õĻԪƬƬռڣһⶼ̺кڰߵ
ԪƬһԪڴŴģһԪ͵ıʺġԪƬ̺ڰֵ˵ԪڵҲǲɻȱĶһԪ֮䱾ʺΪλֺᷢڰֵ
ھȻܰٷְȷҲԱȽϴİգԼ΢羭ڵϴ֮ӦòŻյĺڵԽԽ΢ı仯Ҳӡ֤ԵĲ²⡣
͛V֮ҪȷǷ֪޵ļֵҲġϣΪ޽ҹĴ١ȷʵǼĺöɼ͛VҲӾɵۡڽףܺùԺٳ⡣
ԵĻش𣬼͛Vȫˡ
Խ޵ļֵԹ֪Ի޽һŵĹ͵㣬Ҫ˵һ͵ȫһͷȡԣ㻹ʲôҪһҹæĵط֮͛Vͷ
ãһġԵ
͛V뾰Լ󣬵ձ㷵عˡ
ųǽŵĽǶ뵽ԼӪʣȻλ½ڡ
λųӽǡ
ݹŽɽңҹ֡ǰһʱ䣬ǵľŴѾ̽ҹڡȻʱ˻ȥǴݹǿһֱפڱ߾ǻ֪ǲδҹڵȴᣬһǱɽǣ̫Ǳų˵
ųݹ֮ĲǾԲЭ֧˵
ʱǵ񶼷ž⣬ΪǴŶµ˴˴ξųټǹҪʲô¡
ҹһ֧ƾӣǻţǹǿľӡݹͬҲһ֧ƾӣŶŵģǴݹǿһ֧ӡݹƾţ໢š
ԣǾЭȻ߲֮УһЩݹ̸ͣǲܱЩҡ£ҲٶԴݹȥų˵
ݹĳ໢ʵҲǳǿҲδС໢šǰܳһʱǻܽɽӰ죬һֱûжԳ໢չҲǲѵ飬Ϊû̫ʤ㡣ڣоԽļ룬Ҿǿó໢ŻǴݹһˡųĿ⿴ԡ
ԽǷԸΪսΪŶսų
ҲתĿλ½
վ˵岻ݴǣ
ãųصͷвͬ
ֶ֧Գ໢Žз򲨽
ɱƨЦһ
֧־ų˵ľҹЭ̫ˣһλ˵

ŵĽǣֶ֧Գ໢Žз
ãôǾ׼һ£٣ǾʹΣ໢ŷųӶ۵
λǱ㽫ȥ糿ؽٴʱų˵
ڽӦ½߳ų
Խһ£ųھ׼߳ʱ˵
תų
Խһսŵĵһսų
ǣԵ
һ£ǰ͸¶Խ֪£׼Ϊս񡣡ų˿ѹҹѾܾúܾûзսˡ
ս񣿡΢΢üһְֹ
ԣսһֻһλսսһ⣬ҵľ䣬֮һҹѾ̫ʱûսˡ
ҪսڲҲܴںܶԹ壬ϣ·ս񡣡ųֵ
ΪʲôأԿų
Ϊ棡µս֣Ӱ쵽ܶ˵棬Ҳúܶԣÿһηַս񣬶谭ԵܶࡣųЦһ
ʵϣ͛VҲΪսͷȴûܳɹΪкܶݵλǳߵ˼ԡ
׾ų˼ˡųңҪһЩַͣΪսŻɣڸ߲еҲСһ
ˣԽһսһܹܳ໢ţͿɾʹˡݹҹӰܴУݹ֪ٴҹܹݹ⣬ǽǰδеĴ󹦡ųޱ


2916 ս
ҹݹ֮ķѾãֵжԵĹϵУҹǴƵġûнɽǣƣҹݹӦ൱ģϧҹʼն÷ֳһ䱸ɽ
ΪƫƵĹϵһδζԿУҹ϶ǳԿһЭ֮ݹ⳥Դȵƽ
ΪҹǿŵľųȻҲǹݹԿеĹؼ˵ų飬ǳ׵һݵĽԴݹ鷳
Ϊɵ۵ͻȻ룬ųϣɵֻͨɵۣ̫ãȻɵս׿ɵۣʵҪǿųΪɵۿܻһá
սһҵľ䡣ԳΪҹսֻҪܹùŷλ㽫ڹ֮¡Ԫҵսλƽȵģпܻڹ֮ϡΪҪΪһҵսսǼǿģһһʵǿɵۡ
ˣһսУһ߾Ϊҹնϴݹ۾΢Уͷ
峿ŵĴγ
źͳ໢ţפı߽紦˵Ǻܽġ
ڻſ֮󣬴ݹĳ໢űǵõϢ
໢ŵ̽ӣŴ򣬵һʱʹѶ˳໢Ӫ֮ڡ
໢ŵľųֽʩ˻һݣǴݹս
ʩųʵǿսУҪų΢ǿһ˿ǵҲɱųԵֻһ̶ѹ㡣
ڵõ춯Ϣʩų㽫໢ŵĽټ
λǳ໢פоǵٶȣʱִǾפ⡣ʩųͳ˵
ǣҪʲôһ໢Ž
ѵǳ໢ȫս
Ƿ𣿡
ҿսǼ٣档һɣɽڵĶҼǿˣܵУװһҪȫսӣĿǳ໢ŵߺ󳷣ȡ໺Ŀռ䡣һκݵĳ໢Ŀ˸
ҪǺߣҿΡһ໢Цһ
ųˣǼȻҪȫսǾͿսɣһΣֱӴҹĸȥһĿĽսڵ
ʩų΢΢ȷʵŻǡҪսҪŻǣȻܺ󳷡ǳ໢ţţ
ȥʱȫǣҪŴ仨ˮʩųһֵ
ǣڳ໢ŵĽӦʩųӪʼµľӡ
ųŵλŻŵľʿ໢פǰ
ų֧ոմϢ໢Ѿϣӭˡ
ţǼǰųͷ໢ŵķӦԤϡ
ʩųݹս񣬿ɲױס
ʱʱȥ֧ҵǿˡ
ţһľš
ųǴž𣿡ʩųǷһЦĴȵ
еľʿ
ʩųĳ໢ţ𣿡ųͬ
໢ţȷʵšǵı󣬿нɽ޵ġ˵ɽڵԽԽˣųʵû취˰ɣʩųĿ⣬ľ룬ų
仰ʵ̽
ųɫ΢΢һ䡣
Ǹʩģɸһսʱ򣬾ԳУŶȵ
Ե໢ߣʩųɫʱµĽһҲ¶ŭı顣ʩųǵĹս񣬴ʱĻоȻ˸˷սǵĴս
ǺˣʩųųеľԣȻǵһμԡ
Լʱ䲻żµʱ䣬ϢδȥĿǰҲͻڲԱͼ͛V֪ԵĴڡҹǿľţÿһʿĹǲݹйܡ
Ҿԣ½ʩ˵Ǵݹս㣬ǷһսԹһӣĵ
ʩųһǳ⣬ֶ㣬ڸʲôһСңʲô


2917 ǿľԽ
ʩųԸҴԲѵſھҪսԼضǵų⡣ųʩ
ʩѵ㲻Ӧս𣿡Լ
޴Ķʩкβңʩųǲη뾰һսķŭҪΪܵ衣
ǾɣʩսһԳУֳؽǰȥ
ųˣֻɱ֪ߵغĴɣʩų£һ໢ŵĽ
ԳɱҵҪСмＸʩų˵ûӦ½սӭԡ
ԽϢųԡ
ʩųɲǴģʵȷʵǳǿųҲЩľԲʩųĶ֣ԼǺġսʩų£Ҳǰġ
ųġ΢ЦЦ˵һ䣬ӿٶǰȥ
ųþԽʩɱ֧ǵ˵
ʩǴݹսҲݹʵǿɵۡӽ΢ü
λŵĽЩľԽ⡣Խʵǿʩųɱг⣬ʧɾʹˡʱ򣬻ǲٶԳ໢ȡƣŪŶʧ
ʵҲþԽʩսзգԽԼ˵аղܡֻҪԽܹܣǶһŵʿо޴İͬʱҲ໢ŵʿǿΪʩĳս໢Ŵʱʿ߰ЩͨľʿǵľųǴսž޴ʩܻܾԽǱԽܣǵʿɾҪ͹ˣǽĴսǿɾˡųߵĽǵ
ţųԼǣϣԽܹչͷ
޴Ķ໢ʩųٷжžɱһХŨĺɫɢ
еϣʱֵɫĹš
ʩųȻҲǵ۱ǺɫĹţ̺µܲϯ
ԺɫĹţûк˻ܣԸٶȳ̹ȥɫֱӽӴʱ򣬾ԻӶؽһصɱ˹ȥ
䣡Եһǽɫ룬ԴӷֿĺɫУǰ˹ȥ
ʲôʩųȻû뵽˵ǿȻܹԼĹֶն
ɵۣţôеڶɵۣʩųĿžԡ
ŵʩųȻ֪ġǻʵڵڶȥУҲǸ໢˺ܴʧ
Ǽһɵۣ
λɵۣ
ðģǰδ˵
ɵųˣһնɱ
໢ŵĽǣ̸š
ԼʩɱȥʩҲӾԵ˼һɵۣʩҲܴ⡣һɾɵۣǾûߡɵۣһҲɱͨĵɵۡ
ɱԿдһȡ
漴ٶٴμӿ죬ڿռһƬӰ
ʩųȫĴ߶֮ϣһƬɫŷȽ
е΢磬֮תһɹ۵һؽĽϣһĿĽâ
飡
ۣ
ؽĽâʩųͷŵĺɫһԴࡣȻܹóʩųͷŵĺɫȻȫֹеؽȻںʱ󣬺ɫǿʼɢ
ôܣ
ʵôôǿʩųɫ΢΢һ䣬ʶԵʵҪȻŵǿ
޷ʩղͷһеġ
һʲôˣΪҪţҹڵˣҹĸ֣ҹ֪Ĵۣģ֮ǰҾȻûеõκϢʩųпת
ʱ򣬾ѾʩĽؽʩնɱȥ
ʩųŭĿȣͼԴԼĽǰȿ
Ȼʶ˾ʵǿɵۣΪݣ׵ĺˣǴݹս
һ촫ʩų壬޷Ƶĵ˳һξ롣
ʩʵȷʵǿҲȻԶﲻԪ컯ɵ۵ǸжϣʩʵҲɵǸܱɽˡĪɵЩڶɵ΢ǿһ㡣


2918 
ʩų߾Ҫȿԣʵȷʵ޷һ㡣
ڵԶԺڵȫ˽ʱʩųܸһЩвȻвȾͺܵˣںڵҲﵽڤվһܴﵽ𾳽硣
Խ֮ʩųԵ졣Ҫ֪ϵʵȻʱ¦ȣǾӳֵ΢磬Ǽǿ󣬿˵ϾҲǽΪӽ¦ˡ
ʵֻɵ൱ʩųʲô뾰ȫ⣿
໢ŵһȺЩ޷ԼľڴݹʩսǾ޵еĴڣǹҵĵһǿߡʱ˿̣ȴۼʩսڶսдھԵ·ҲóʩųҪˡ
岨Զʩ깥
ɵۼǿǿ깥һֶЧѲǷǳãǼеɵۣȫߵԵĶ岨깥
컯ɵ۱岨ֱӹҲܵһЩӰ죬òֳ־ֵ岨Ϯ
ʩųȫԵĹ£ٷֳ岨ĹȻֵ岨ĹܵӰֱӵˡ
һӣʩų˼ѵĴо崫ļʹ
ʩŤз
ûа취
ܶԼӲܣҪֳֵʩչ깥ôʱ֮ܵ͡ʩųķ޷ٳܾ΢ѹȡ
еˣʩųķԽؽơ
岨ʩųֱӱܵĵѹʩųһݡ
ƣһɵ۵εֵɵ۵ֱӹɱ
ʩųؽᴩҽС
ųˣ໢ŵĽǣŭӡ
ؽһλس飬һȥ
ɲд裬Ҳܵ㵽ΪֹսˡǾԴƲУʩųҲܷŹԡ
ǰһ̴ʩų壬䱻شٴλӶһǽʩųնɱ
໢ŵĽǣžλڣһĴ߶
ɱųȫ
ɱɱŵľʿǣĺȣ硣
ʱʱ
ʩųնɱ໢ŵͨʿһµ״̬ʿ͵˼㡣ʱ˿̣һٻݹƳ໢ŵѻᡣ
ŵĽǣٶŵоȥǳǰ档
֧ţȻײһɱ쳹ءҲûţ̱չԳ໢ŵɱɵۣǿƥһ˱Ƕų໢ŶĹ
Ҫ֪Ԫʱɵڶɵ۴սʱ͸ɹһ˶ǰ顣һΣŶʮɵ۵ķ񹥻
һսʵʩųնɱʼѾʧȥ
໢ű˲أɵۼĽ˴롣ߣһû䣬ľʿҲء˵һսǻơ
ʿǴɨսʱųλΧһޱ˷ܵžԡ
Խ㡭̫ǿˡ
ԽȻɱ˴ݹսʩ
ţʩսǴݹǿɵۡʩսݹôҹԺֻǴǵķˡ
֮ǰþԽܲʩĶ֣ҴˣҲûɾԽʵ
ҲЦҲ͹˾ԽʵΪԽܹʩսƽͲˣ벻
ԽһսӹΰûоԽǲܻ໢šݹû˳໢ţҹûʲôвˡ
ųǲӦóʤ׷ֱӴ򵽴ݹȥнֱӶԴݹȥ
ҪѶ£ʱµ˼ųŵ
ų㴫Ѷڹļ͛V͛V˼ʱȲݹĸأ뿴ݹ̬˵ݹԼڹϣŲǵĹ֮ڣǾֻһ취ҹ⳥Դ⳥һҹܹԴ
Խ֮ǰ˵ɱ˻ޣһֱ̫šڣˡӽžԵ
ԽʵԪϴ˰ɣ򲨽˵ʩҲǽӽԪϴڵɵۣԽɱʩ


2919 
򲨽˵ĻԪϣҲɵۣĿǰڰԪδһεɵ۽ӴԴ⣬˵ĻԪϴڣӦԪ컯ɵ۲ࡣ
Ԫȡ԰ڰ֣˵Ԫϴڣٰɣ
ԪУ컯ɵֻλֻʣһɵˡ¦Ҳ컯ɵۼ𣬿¦һԪ͡
Ȼˡ
ԪŶٻԪϣһƺŵĴڣǻԪǿˡ
ҹҲһλԪϵĴˣǾԽ
ڽ׷׿žЦ
ǻԪϴڣмλأ֮ǰںܳܳʱһֱǱչе״̬Զ˽ⲻࡣԼʵ
мλھߵļλŽų֪Ԫжϴ𣿡
Ԫ̫ˣжϴں˵Ҳֻ֪ǱҹǿܶĹңҲǿߵġųҡҡͷپˣǺġɵۣһѼЩϴڡ
սɨ֮󣬻ŷر߽פء
Ȼݹƾų໢űŲʦصݹвûˣɽȻңҹݹһ̸Уǽҹ⣬ôźֱܻܿӹݹĸء
ҹʹ֮ڡ
͛V֮ǰӵųĴѶöһ֮ܵС
໢žǱˣ
໢һֱвҹȫľ޴ʩս쵼µĳ໢ţҹޱȾ޴ʧ񣬳໢űˣݹսʩɱˡ
ûʩսĴݹʱڣһͷûϻ
벻û뵽͛V
Խ˵ǿǿܹնɱݹʩ
ҹսȱ̫ˣҲµսƳˡ
Խ˹ͣЩӦûʲôɷ˰ɣҪйͣҪʵʵԽһԳΪҹս񡣡
͛V֮У˿˿ɫĿ⣬ƺǶԾԵ͡У񻹼һЩĽ
£
ʱһεӴ˽ˣҹҲŶݵλıһš
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ţȷʵк·ˣһĺ¡͛V΢Цͷ
Ĥ󹫣ݹĳ໢ѱҹŻ͛Vƽ˵
Ŷ
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ôܣĤ󹫾ϵȫʧˡ
Ǻǣڲ֮ǰųѶң¡໢ѱʩųնɱ͛VЦ˵Ĥ󹫣ѵһĺ𣿡
£⵱ȻǺ¡ֻǡʩųʵǿ˵ŽӽԪϵʵˡųʵʩӦǻ΢һ㡣ôųɱʩأ£¿ɲŪˣ򴫳ȥᱻȡЦġĤ󹫾Ȼǲ̫Ϣʵԡ
໢ŶԿ˲֪꣬໢ô׾ͱ
ųնɱ˴ݹʩǾԽɱʩ͛V˰˵
ԽŵĽ𣿻ŵʮλУƺûֽоԵİɣĤü˵Ծֺİ֮ڵĽǣһ֪Ĳʶ
ԽһʱżŵģѾԼԽˡ͛V˵໢űϢҲʵģ󹫲Ҫɡ
Ĥ󹫣ǰ㹵ͨһ¡Խʵǿɱ˴ݹʩҹĸ󻼡ԣþԽΪҹսҹµս񣬶Ҳġ͛V˵
սһҵľ䡣
ڼ͛V˵֮ⷬ󣬷Ĥ󹫾ĬһᣬϢȻ͛V˵ţĤ󹫾Ҳ͛V¿Ц˵໢űԼʩųնɱܺȷϡģźܿͻϢӸ
ˣô͛V˵ľԽΪҹµĹͿɾ̫ˡ
ȻҪоԵ˳Ϊս񡭡Ĥ󹫾ȴǲױ̬


2920 ҹ
ַսǣ󣬹ϵ棬µĹսֱֶ֣ܿ䶯
£ҿ»Ҫӳ顣Խնɱݹʩս񣬰Ż໢ţ⹦ȷʵ޴󣬵ǶԾԽ˽̫ˡĤ󹫾˵
Ҽ֡͛V
Ĥ󹫾ü˵Ҫַս񣬿»кܶ˷ԡٿеͶƱҲûʲôϣͨ
֪һЩĤ󹫹ϣܹõ󹫵֧֡͛VĿ⿴ŷĤ󹫾зĤȫ֧֣¾׶ˡ
Ĥ󹫾ٴ뵽Ĭ֮С
˺һᣬſ˵£¹شҪ濼ǿǡ
ãĤ󹫣ʱӦ㹻㿼˰ɣһٿ͛Vͷ
ηַ⾰Ϊս񣬼͛V󣬲ܷԵжǿ͛Vֵס
Ĥ󹫾˹󣬼͛V֮ٿ´ȥ
Ž໢ŻϢҲҹȴϢͨĴ壬½ĵõϢ˵Ϣʱ򣬼еĹ嶼һӦǾǲϢģ໢ŶԿ̫ˣȷʵһϢǣ໢űʵģԹնȷ˴ġ
壬ڻŻ໢£ȻǸ˵ġ֪Ҫûַսǵ˼ٶȷ˱仯

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ųңųӪʡ
ţԽҪعոչ¸ҴѶһȥųԾԵ
ŶԿ˿ų
պٿᣬַΪս񡣾ԽܻܴҲҪ׼Ǳ¼ƶҲδܹɹų˾һۡ
ˣھͶЦЦ
ţھͳųͷ
໢ŵвѾڣڻֻҪ䱸ɽɣų;ͬʱ뿪פطعûʲô⡣
Եִҹʱ򣬼͛V˸׼˸ۡ˴Ӷ˷̾ԡ
ųԽ͵ոʰĸۡ
Խ֮һʹ¡ų뿪֮ǰԾ˵
鷳ųˡԵлĿų뿪
ˡۡڣһ˳乧Թ
ĿŶԷ
ˣĹܼҡԼݡ
ŶԺҪ鷳ܼˡԵͷ
Ϊ˷͵ҡˣҹĴ󹦳˻֮ǰǾ˵Ϣܻ໢ţ˹󡣴ݹսʩҲǽնɱܼЩ
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ЦŰڰ˵
ˣҴȥԷκҪֱӷԸȥҳϵˡֶܼԾ˵
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֮󣬹ܼ˾Եľ
ˡܼҹվھԵԷ֮⡣
ܼ𣿡ʵ
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ʲôü
Ͳ֪ǷҪˣǲͿԴ뿪ܼ˵
ǼһɣմӾפػҪң֪ΪҪҡԶһ˵
ĿǰΪֹԶҹڲ߲˽Ҳֻڱ棬ԸεǣԾͲˡҴҵԼֻǴô򵥡
ڸۡĻڣԼһƷ󳼷
󳼼ԣҲĴһˣɱ˴ݹʩս
ԽԾԹ˹֣ϴŸĪЦݡ
󳼿ˣ߽ܿˮС˳ȥ
ңҪ˵ԿŶԷ
ǵģ˵Խնɱ˴ݹʩս񡣡
ԣ໢ŵʩųȷʵɱġԵͷ
ԽǷ֪Ҫַ⾰ԽΪҹս񡣡ָĪı˵
˵ˣƺҲкܶ˷ԡˣĪҪңֹ֧£۾źߡ


2921 
ҹڲǷֳ˼ϵ֮УϵʵԶϵ֮ϵġ
ⷮ󳼱ģǿϵеһϵʵǱȲһҲǿǸϵ
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ϵǲĤ󹫾ǿϵȣӰҲǷǳ
ˣЦŵͷ˵Լֹ֧£֧־Խ
˵Ƕ֧֣⻰Ȼ˼
ԼҪ֧ңӦİɣ΢Цʵ
ԽǴˣݲʡҾãӦ˵˫֮к󳼴Цһ
󳼴˴ԣȻǶԼܹĿǱȽĵġ
ΪԽ޷õԼַ֧֣ս£Ӧ˵ûϣġȻ»ȫŷַ⾰ԽΪս񣬵ҹڣǹһ˵˾ġַս飬ҪͨᣬǱϵơ
ţԽӦĻ˵ǾԽǺ
ʵϣ󳼲ҹڶϵеĴһϵǷĤ󹫾ڶϵǵ´󹫾󳼣ǵ´󹫾µҪԱ˵ǵ´󹫾ұۡ
󳼣Ҫκأʵ
ܼ򵥣ھԽ˵оԽҪκܼ򵥡ϣԽڳΪս֮󣬿һģͬԸĤ󹫾ϵУϣԽȫվڵ´󹫾ߡָĪЦʧˣҲѹ͡
ⷬ󣬾ԵıҲ
ҾԵǹʹ˵
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󳼵˼ˡ
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ţȷʵҲô˵ԽǴˣ󳼵ͷ豭һڡ
ţˡڣˡԵͷ˵
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ҵ˼ǣԹˣȻһȵ
΢΢һ㶣ɫǺ죬û뵽Իܾ̬ȣǷˡ
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Ҳ˵һ飡Ϣᣬ΢𶯣Ƿ󳼣ʱоһǿѹ
վǱ˳˸ۡҡ
ȷʵЩջⷮ˵ϣҸľż뽫ԵܡԣȻӦǵĤ󹫾ϵá
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ˡܼ˽
ܼҷҲڻ˾뷮֮ĶԻ
󳼱ǵ´󹫾󳼻ȥ󣬿»Ե´󹫾˵һЩԽĻ£´󹫾ϷԽ˷ַս񡣡ܼɫ˵
˿ּ˵Ĥ󹫾͵´󹫾ԣǿ¹ҲѼƶȥ
ţҴҲô¡ԴвթңǾǳ˵ΡҵҪôֹҳΪս񡣡վ˵


2922 Եİ취
һԹ˵´󹫾ĸۡ
󹫣Ǿʵ̫ˡһŭı顣
ڷ󳼽ʱ򣬵´󹫾ͨ󳼵ɫµ˴𰸣󳼴ȥԽһ˳Ƿ󳼲ɫ
󹫣̫ˣûǷ̧ͷŵ´󹫾
󳼣㽫˵һ顣´󹫾
󳼣㽫ԼԽ򵳵´󹫾һ顣У΢һͼӴףȷʵҲʵ
귮󳼵˵´󹫾ɫҲǱ䡣
󹫣ҿԲñ·ַ⾰սǵֹ£󳼵ȻǺҲùߣһҲҶԴ󹫲ǲ֪ν
ʵǿ׶ԸݹʩսУаҲġȻǵ֦ǾĻŽɡ´󹫾˵
Ĥ󹫾һϵ֧Ҳ֧ôս񡣵ȵµ鱻ͻ֪ǵҪˡЦһ

ҹԵĽۡ
ˣ
ˣܼҽŲҴңԷ֮˵
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ھͬʱűǱƿ͛V˽
ˡԶԼ͛V˹
ԽûˣҲô֡͛Vϣ΢ЦԾ˵
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Խô˼͛Vžԡ
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Ȼǿǲò˭˾ǡԺȻ˵
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ֻҪЩУûлԪǿӦþûʲô⡣Եͷ˵
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͛VȻûѹһвǰҲֻˡķʽ˵취ȥʵʩϾ͛VУûлԪǿЧ
͛VھԵĸۡʱ뿪
֮峿
ųԸۡһͬǰʹμ¡
ԽҪô𣿡ųЩӡ
ԶԼ͛V˵İ취͛VȻ˵ˡųЩġ
ʲôԿų
ЩԵˡųžԡ
ŶѾų˵¡ţôġǹҵ䣬ôЩвأЦ˵
ǡųü
ųõģһҡϣ˭Ա£ұ㽫ɱˡɱʣµȻͲҷˡ԰ڰֲĵ


2923 
ĵص㣬ڻʹ⹬һȽӴĹҲΪá
ʱڴڣдĴ󳼡嵽ˡǷĤ󹫡´ȨµĴñȽ硣
¹ͦѽĤ󹫽úһ۾Ϳ˵´󹫾
´󹫾ҪȷĤ󹫾һЩ
ĤҲ´󹫾Ǻ䡣
´󹫾ͷĤ󹫾Ϊҹ߲ϵﶼǽ㣬ʱڴڣλ󹫾ڼ͛VδʱȻҲȫעĿڡ
˵¹ǰȥŵľԽջһܴɣĤ󹫾ƤЦⲻЦ
󳼵ȥԽӲ˵ĶĿǼ͛VȥԽĸۡĤҲ֪
ĤϢͨ´󹫾ûֱӻӦ
Ǻǣ˵Խƺûи¹ӡˣǱϳġĤ󹫾Ц˵
´󹫾ɫʱѿһ˵
Ĥ󹫾һϵ¶Ц⣬Ǽ´󹫾ѹȥϲá´󹫾һϵˣɫ
ʱ򣬾Ժųӵ˽
ǾǾԽ
żţأƺ¶֪
Ż˳໢ţºϲð
ȻˣҪȻǿƶַսأ
ܹɱսʩʵǳǿֻǡڻԪӦܴŶԣǰȴδ˵λɵۡ

Խų۱㶼˾Եϡ
ųк
ųĳ˵ĶͳϽǾţֻԼ͛V𣬱Ҳûκϵһˣ޷ϵģһӼ͛VںܶʱҪЭͿɿó
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ޱ󳼲˵ǻһԱҲҹһԱΪЧԴԶޱ˵
ޱ֮Ҳ󳼺͹ҾԺųԻкˣԽһЩĤ󹫾͵´󹫾ĴǴԭأֻżɨһ¾Ժų
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ΪԽԳΪǵս񡣡͛Vֱӡ
Ҳ˾ͰվԵİ취ҲҪЩĻ̥ļһϻ˭ǷԣԽԻֽôˡ
͛Vֱӵ̬ȣҲȷʵڳܶ˶û뵽ǷĤ󹫾ĴҲ¶֮ɫǣѾϰ˼͛Vµʱº͛V˼̬ȣǵԤϡ
λ飿͛Vܴ󣬵ȴ͸Žʯ֮
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ãԵͷվ
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ҽоԣǻŵĽҹ֮ǰһֱһңԶĵطޡλҲҪǵʲôطΪλ˵ȥǸط֮ҹˣҲλһͬػǵ
ţܸʶҡٺܿ죬˵⼸仰˻ȥ
λԽһλɵۣʵǿնɱ˴ݹսʩŻ˴ݹ໢šݹԺٶҹγвˡԽҹ󼰵ľ޴͡ų


2924 ɱ
֧־ԽΪҹս񡣡
ųһ˵ȷı̬
ų̬֮ڱðһʱû˵
Ĥ󹫾͵´󹫾ڵԼλϣƤӣϵı鶼ǳӽ
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ǡ´󳼱ԶЩҡ
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㡭Ժһ´󳼺ѿɫЩŭžԡ
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ȻǱµҹ㼱ʲôôвȱɣԺȵ
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ҪַսȫûɾվԣʲôģҸᣬʵʵ죬ûϧԱ²ȻΥµּ⣬ѵǴȻǴҾҪɱԴ
㡭Ĥ󹫾һʱҲǴ
˵ȥԣǾ̫ǿˣھǼǿƵһվڹϣѹЩס
ʲô㣿Ա²޿⣡
Խô˵㶼ɱˡڴϣڻʹ⣬ҲɱˡοɱĻƷ󳼡´дȣҲý̲ɱˡһվָԡ
վģǰȥݷùԵķ󳼣һһƷ󳼡
ȻǱ֧ҽµɱҲŻᶯֻɱɨ˷һۡ
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£⡭ҵġ£ַܷ⾰Ϊս񣬴ΪսҹҪС󳼸˻


2925 ѹһв
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ǺǡЦ̱Ǹǹ˳Щ󳼵
󳼣µģ㻹վĪҪԶŷ󳼣˵
󳼿˾һۣҲǾЩëղžԿǵɱ´󳼡λԽǺ˰ʵ죬ڳУûܹסԡ
ֻһҳӦ飬ԣҪʲô󳼼ɫӶԾԺȵ
ҳ͸Ӧӱµּˡҿ㷮Ļ̥ȻԼԸ£Ǿͱ̧ȥˡЦһ
ֶ̧ŷһơ
󳼣ͬһ𾳽޵ߣʵȷűɱǿ٣Ҳûﵽɵۼ
ңɫ䡣
ס֣
ԽͣĤ󹫾˶ٵþֹͣɱ󳼡
ȻǷĤ󹫾һϵˣǽҪ飬Ĥ󹫾ԼءĤ󹫾뵳´󹫾ϣڽҲ뵳´󹫾һ¡
תĿɨһЩֹԼˣЦɡ
飡ԵƣĻڷ󳼵ϣ󳼵
ϣٴ˼ž֮С̶̵ʱڣѾǷɱλ󳼣һλһƷ󳼡֮УһƷҲǶȨˣλڼλ󹫾֮¡ʵϣ󹫾ĹְҲһƷѡ󹫾ͷΣǹͷζǹְ
˭ڼžУƵȵ
˭ΥµھվվһŪһɨȫˡ
ЩҪԾˣʱʵ࣬ЩϾ˭ھԾԵǰǲòԼܱܲס
ʱǵȻҲʶһص⡣ǾǣԽڴɱ󳼣ȴûж˵һ仰һɿӦǰ֪˾ԻڴɱˡҲ˵֧־ɱˡ
˴򵽣ĸֿҪˡ
£ҪϣһЩȨջˡǰ¿ҲȨȴΪֹ˼ɶòά״ڿ˾ԽǿҪв˶ѹȥ
ô죿
վԣǰ淮󳼺´󳼵³ǰ֮ǣǾĻ潫
ͨĴ󳼻ãǷĤ󹫾͵´󹫾ǵʧ̫ˡǰǿнԼ־ڹµϣƺֻķˡ
£
ĬԽΪĻҹҪֱˡ´󹫾վ
ԼȨ
´ʲô˼͛Vüŵ´󹫾
Ŀ֮ɱˣǹҷȻһңûɷǻһҵĹңвĵ´󹫾ڣ˵
´󹫾ҿۻ軨ˣǺǣɵۼ޵ߣʹһЩҲıӰɣǷ¶˹ȻɱǣⲻάҷȣԲ⵳´󹫾
Խڴɱˣάҷȿɲմߡ΢ײ˱£Ҳ֮¡·ŭҪǣҲλŵĽ֡´󹫾˵ԽˣΪսֻӿҹ
´󹫾ҿǲЩЭǾͻᰵзù붯ɣ˵ģӦûɣˣ̫ǽյñںܶʱ򲻵òǵ˼£ǹ죡Ϣᣬ¡¡ȵ


2926 ս
΢΢
ڴϣӦ˵ĿģһǳΪս񣬶һȷȨ
ԣ˭վӣԶǲ󹫾ݣһ
£ȻǰŴӱ߾פػصڹʱҵ˵˲ٹڵ´󹫾顣˵´󹫾һǿϵ´󹫾ϵĴ´󹫾ҪʲôᵳӪ˽ǾĲɣֶԼ͛V˵
㡭˵´󹫾ͷһ
ᵳӪ˽ȻеģڹͲܣǾ˵ľĲˮ̫ˣôһô͵
Һ˵´󹫾Ҫ˲֪ǼĪΪҿ㣬ıȨ
ǺǣҼǵһĵһ죬ǲǸҪҵȻǱΪ顣£˵㵽ǲѹһȡ
£·ϣյһδΥ־ȥò˶ãͻԹҾãӦýµɱС֮ٴ͛V˵
͛Vһ˫Ŀžԡ
ʱļ͛VЩˡȻ֮ǰᵽҪڴɱˣھҪìͷָ򵳵´󹫾ΪҪļ֮һɱͨ󳼣Ǽ͛VҲûʲô⣬´󹫾Ҳɱˣ
͛VǾûҪڽմɱ´󹫾߷Ĥ󹫾ġ
͛VĿӣԶԼ͛V˵ͷʾնɱ´󹫾бҪġ
Щ֮У͛VԾԵ˵ͷ
£ɣ򵳵´󹫾˹ȥ

˶´󹫾ǳ⣬ϣͬʱǿĵ򲨶
´󹫾һλɵۣʵɱ֮ǰɱķǿöˡھҪɱԲԸ¾ҪȻȻǵɵۣҲסԵֶΣȾԣ̫ˡ
ھؽɱ֮£´󹫾նԴ
´󹫾󣬴һƬšǰɱ˵ʱ򣬿ֻʱסֻסһˡʱ˿̣Խ´󹫾Ҳնɱ˺ôڴڵˣ¾Ҳûвηˡ
Ĥ󹫾ڣͷһŨƣ׹ߡĤ󹫾Ҳ˵ˡܸɴնɱ´󹫾նɱĤ󹫾ҲóġĤ󹫾ԼоԵĿԼƺڵԼ˵ȻԷҸʲôɽԼҲɵ

˵ˣڴϣ˵һ仰ţӲܷԱµ˼Ĥ󹫾аת⣬ޱҪ˵һ֡
Ĥ󹫾˵ˣ˾͸˵ˡӹúúõģ˭ڴϱԸɵ
һˣǰǱʴȣһδεãԲǱ䱾ķǶˡҾڣǵС˼еĳɲۣҹʲôǴ󳼣Ա²͵Ի˵
û˵
û˸վԡ
ھԵǰǲòѡ
λ󳼣ǾþԽΪսûʲôףô¾ô˰ɡƬ֮󣬼͛V˵
Ȼûٸҿڷˣ±ȷˣԳΪս
սԺҹսϣػ֮£Խǿǿʢ͛V΢ЦŶԾԵ
·ģҶȫػǵĹҡԶԼ͛V͛VҲʾԾԵء
սȵľ䣬˵ƽƽĴڡ
˵͛VȷʵҲǱȽġ£һҵĹӦǲϣڳһλԼȵĴڡ͛VȴǶƶַս¡ҲǲЩѹˡսַսͬģôҲ˵ڱ׵һ¡ڵľսоս壬ü͛VǳģӲǵԼй˳ʱ
͛VҲžԲȡ֮
˵͛VԾж˽žԲȡԾԵʵȫûҪҹʵĹңֵսġ˵սһ˵ܴҹĹҡ


2927 ûô
ԽΪսһ£Ҳͬʱ͛Vȫ
ŴϢԻڡ
ҹʱǲΪնɱжԹҴݹʩսŻ໢ţԾԵڹѾǷǳ֮ߵġĹȻܾΪǵսػ
Ϊս󣬾ԵĽۡҲǻҶ֮ǰĽڵս񸮡
ûͬųؾפأ˹ڽһʱڣ͛VȻҪԼߡ͛V㽫Ĺһ飬ЩӸλյԴ󲿷ֶջҪ
ΪعԵ͛Vʱ򣬲δ̫ĲĤ󹫾˲ģҲ޿κΣоƲ˻ǽԼյľҲ޼£ֻڲнܡ
ڲĹ֮⣬͛VӼ˴Ӵݹһ֧ʹţһ֧ʹҪ̸еġݹĳ໢ܣǿľʧȥսݹĹȻܵȵŴǵĹȥԹǲ̸ʹŵҹ
̸в־ãȷе˵Ͳһ̸УΪݹûг롣Ҫôܼ͛VҪôͻȥŻŹǵĹҸء
ݹĹҲûѡ뱻͵ýܡǣ˸оһֳĽǴݹҲҧܡ
סҹʱ䣬Ǽպڵĵ𼶲ϱƽΪ壬ֻҪڵԾҪԴ١ҪʹһЩԴһҲǻָĶһԴԴԪʱʹࡣ
պڵ֮⣬Ҳͨڵݣܶ˽Ԫռ䡣
˽⵽ڰԪռ䣬ҹĹкܶࡣеĹ֮УҹеȹģҶ㲻ϡкܶңҪҹǿöࡣһЩϵĹڣлԪϴ
Ի˽⵽ڰԪУʺĵطҲࡣԪͬǾ󲿷ֿռ䶼ŵģֻɵۼܳʱĵط档һ㣬ҲԪȽƣԪҲֻоͻʺɵۼ֮µ档
ھ֪ģΪصĵط޴ڵĽɽɽƺڰԪκһطȷʵܹŹ֡ԪϴڣҲܿӽɽȫòԪϴڣҲֻͨһڽɽ
ȹһʱ䣬ɽȥҵ֮ӣȷһǲǺڰ׺ӡ
Ҳżյİ𼶶ûдﵽȥ֮ӿɫˮҲ޲ߡ֮ͨӻصԪҲܻȥ
ҽڵյɵۼҲδܹԪڰ׺ӺɫˮǿƵ⡣ңǵþոϢܹ˽֮ӵĻԪϴڽӴӴѯʶ෽Ƿ֪Ϣ
ҪģҹǿҹΪԪжĵ۹ĻҪ飬ӦܹıȻҹս񣬿ЩԪϴУһҹսǸͲʲô
Լսڵһڣոսһβڵ
ת֮УһżżղصġұղصĹżܶ࣬ԴʱۿĹżΪһˡΪսݣûȨżġͨżԿԸ˽ⰵԪڿĹżҪǽؽɽġ
ɨŹż
ף
λʲô˼ɨżеһλʱһ
ɽͨԪľԵ֣ӵΰĴߣڽɽҵͨԪ·
⵽ʲô˼
ʲôԪ
Ȿżʲôˣѵ֪ԪĴڣǣֻԪͰԪĻⲻԪռ䣬ҲӦøԪݰɣ
ͨԪ·Ӧþ֮ӰɣǣżеĽܣƺֲָ֮Ӱ֮ӣѰɵȻûȥ֮ӵҲ֪ӡżȴ˵ӵΰĴߣſܷͨԪ·ӵΰĴߣ²ͨɵô򵥣ӦǴﵽԪϼɵۡ
Уż˵ɽͨԪľ˵֮ͨԪľ
ⰵԪǱеĻҪӺܶࡣɨŹżϼصݡ
һָоԼǰĲ²ǴģٲǺ׼ȷ


2928 
ڸոմԪԪʱ򣬾ԴԼΪԪ밵ԪǶԳƵ棬ڿ鲢ǾеĶԳơ
һʱھյϢⰵԪռ䣬ӦҪԪӵöࡣԪԪǷλ棬ԲǵͬʵĶԳƹϵ
ڸεϢĿǰҲ֪ҪϢϢԴ
ż𣬾ԳԼս񸮡úʹ͛V
¡
ս񡣡
͛VȽƵֻ򵥵Ĵ˸к͛V뾰¡
£ҽ㣬ѯһ¡˵
սʲôҪң͛Vžԡ
֪֮Ƿòȶ֮кڰ˫ɫֵǲһֱలµ״̬أʵ
ԪУڰ׺ӵĺˮѾܲȶˡ
ȻˣȻûȥ֮ӣҲһ˽⡣֮ڣȷʵֽȻͬĺˮֺˮʼάȶ״ֵ̬۵ĺˮبŴڣ໥ַҲΪˣԲ֮ܽӰ͛VȻ˵
͛Vⷬش𣬾еһʱȷˡԪ֮ӣԪĺڰ׺ȷʵġԪĸԭ򣬾Ǻڰ׺ӺɫˮԽԽǿ⡣ڰԪȻû⣬Ԫ֮ӵİɫˮǿƣǼ͛V֪ܲ
£ǻԪռ䣬ûд𣿡һʵ
𣿾ս˼ǣ͛VĿžԡ
Ԫ𣬻Ԫһ΢΢
Ԫھʹ֮С
սǲܵ飬Ԫôᱻ˭ԪǻԪϴڣܹһңٵԪǿġ͛VҡͷսôͻȻʳôֵ⡣
Ŷ˲ٹżƺһֿܣԪռ䲻ֹһĻһ⡣
ţȷʵһЩƵϢżڻԪг֡ǷĴԪǺ˵顣Ͼûܹȷһ㡣˵һЩ飬ϴҪǰԪռ䣬Ǻʧˡ͛V΢΢ͷ˵УƺһֱȽϱͬ˵˵ͨԪռ·ڽɽڡ
սЩϢ޷֤˭Ҳ֪١
ҸΪӦиϵĻԪռ䡣˵һԪ֮ǰдڸԶĻԪռ䡣͛V˵
ʱ򣬾Ե˼ҲǱȽϻҡ
Ԫô£
ԪһԪͻµĻԪ͵ڰԪУƺԪ𣬵ռ͛V˵ģƺҲµĻԪռ䵮ҪȻ͛Vô˵ܴڸϵĻԪռأ
£ⶫԳƬ̺ȡһСԪƬ
ԪƬǻԪͻ֮µĲֺʡ
͛VĽԪƬ˹ȥ̽УƬ̺ü
ջ̽ƬռĿ⿴ʵսʲôǴõģ
սƺͨĶȻδҸо̺ߵ򣬶ߵ򣬵֮ӵĺˮһ֮͛V˵
͛VȻûмԪƬԪУͨɵۣҲ֪ԪƬһЩõɵۣܹõԪƬɵۣ͹һԪƬԡ
͛VǱȽǿɵۣһҵĹݺʵȻûԪƬ
ôܿܣⰵԪȷʵִ⣬ԪȻͲлԪƬˡУҲ϶Ԫձ顣
żȻõģӦҲ֮Ӱɡ˵ȣ֪ǻڵĵط֮ӡ
֮ӣǾѹˣ֮ӣʲôС͛VͷŻԪƬ仹ԡ
͛VȫûлɾԵĻ
սⶫֵԹǱȻ޻ҪöࡣڲףսΪβҪǻ޵ʬˡⶫȷʵҲ㲻ʲô͛VԾ¶Цݡ
ţҲоⶫȻ޼ֵߵ̺֣ڵĵֻһ֣һڵĵⶫڲĵ򣬻ǵһЩҲͷЦ
ȷʵ͛V˵սôоϵĵҲԽԽǿˡҵһھפؼʱϵĵûôԡ


2929 ս
͛Vһμԣڻŵı߾פأʱԴӽɽصפأոմﵽڤվΣھԵľǽӽ𼶣ϵĵ򲨶ǱȵҪǿҵöࡣ
ҲеЦ
еٶҲ̫˰ɣս񵱳еʱѡ·ѵΪԼʺ𣿡͛VȻ
Ŷʱ䣿սڵϵĽϵ츳жôǿ
Գ˵ʵϣרעǶʱ䣬ϸ˵Ǳȵġ
¦ŵ磬ȷʵԸġ
ѹ֣ѹ֣սҿĵٶȣֻºܿܳΪɵۡǸʱɾǵ˫ɵۡ͛Vžԡ
뵽ԼҹҲܻһλ˫·ɵۣ͛VҲĳþҡ
£ڻԪռ䣬嶼ﵽɵۼ𣿡ʵ
ԪھڵһԪͣ޷һ;߳ԶġԪҲֻоԳɾɵۣ⻹ܳɾ͡磬ǾһܳΪɵۡ
Ȼ࣡
͵·һ֣Ѵﵽɵۼ˵·ﵽɵۼԪȷʵ˫·ɵֻۣ֪λĴڣλڶǻԪϼǿߡ͛V˵
ţˡ
ϣһҲԴﵽǸΡԵͷЦŵ
ԴˣԵûоʲôѹϾԪ˫·ɵۣ·϶ﵽΡ
£ҹݹ⣬뼸ҵĹϵôѺáǣǲӦáǿһЩ˵ʹǳݹÿһʱͶҹһΣ۾΢΢һУԼ͛Vһ顣
ԵĿģҹĴڸУҹǿ֮СڵҹڻԪУڸ̫ˡս񣬵ȻҲûʲôڸС
Ҳ£ǽһֱݹս̫ˡǼҹǿӲֻ»𷴵ܱܿƵ˹ͬԿҹ
ңɽҲһ⡣ɽ춯Ƶл䱸½ɽڵŰˡ͛Vҡͷ
ҹĹҪһЩʱָʱڸ߲־һδϴԼŵƿҲҪʱɡ
֪µ˼ҹҲȷʵҪһЩʱԵ˵ͷ
ôû취ҹӰأתʵ
Ӱ͛VžԵҹڻԪ֮УֻСҡӰӦǵͬûаɡЩǿĹǰǸûдڸСҪӰֻҲֻͨӹʵˡսṩĻޣҹɵۼǿ߼ӿʵҴȹҾȶƶһ׷ùɵۼǿߣʱε½оڵ򡣡
͛VһʱûȷԵ˼
ûʲô취Ըٵҹλ𣿡ü
Ӱİ취͛Vü
͛VȾɫŮüбŮˣͶ㶼Ŀ⡣
У͛VȻһþ˵
ڻԪУһаȽ⣬аעȷǳ󡣼еĹң񵥡ǴΪӰô϶ýϸߵ֣ķʽ
񵥣ǻԪս񣡡
ÿһԪȣֻһλսǿЩңҲֻһλսʵ֮ܶҪַսҲΪܹ뵽ս֮Сҹ֮ǰܳһʱûйսҹҲǺܾûвսˡ
ҹ˾ս㣬ȷʵǿ²Ԫսˡ͛V΢΢Щ˷ܶԾ˵
β룿ʵ
սÿҪһΣҲǷǳҡսܹ֮⣬пܻþ޴ĺôÿһսŵʱЩǿңṲͬóΪƷսɲҪСЩƷһЩƷܹԪϴڶۺġ
սԽߣôõĽԽ󡣲ս˿ɵõƷعҲܵõ͛V˷ܵ˵
ЩƷʲôģҵǲ̫ں԰ڰ˵
ڸԴȷʵǺ⣬ǻԪ챦ǸĶѰƷԲȱ


2930 ڲȶ
仰͛Vȴ¶һֹŹֵЦݵսıﶼ⣬ҵȻ֪㲻ںѰԴ
սԿеĽƷһЩĶûô򵥡
սڻԪУеԪȼ¿˵ȫ֮·ǣԪϴȻĳЩĶм˵Ʒ󡣡
˵֪һֽĶ˵Ʒսɵۣﵽ̶ȡҲ֪ǵɵۻɵֻۣҪﵽɵۼͲǺܴˡֽƷǿԼ͛V˵ࡣ
壬ܼЩԾˡ
ԪȻûƷģУǾӦò᲻֪벻ԪܹĶ
ԣȻܹȥսҹۿĹϵ伮Щϵ伮ߣкܶǶ޴֪ˡһЩϵ伮УҲ˿ԤʾŽɽķǷ룬бԪӹϵĻԪռڣĻԪռڣߵȼߺܱܿƵĻԪϴڻҪǿ󡣡͛V˵
ţҲͬĿԵͷ
ֿԺܴҿȷһЩԪϴڣһֱѰҸӹϵĻԪռ䣬ҪС͛Vɫ˵
Ԫϴڵȼúܡ
͛VʵԪԱȣҲǵڶɵۣڶɵ۶㲻ϡ͛VųΪﲻɵôǿ
£´սʼжãĿС
ھһսѾǧʱ䣬սһΣôǻǧ߰ңһսͻῪʼ͛V˵
ţǾ͵ǧ߰꣬´սʼңҹμⳡսصͷ˵

󣬾ںڵϣﵽ𼶡
̤֮󣬵΢Ӱ͸Ϊˡңڵ΢øӴ֮󣬾Է΢羹ҲӰ쵽Լĵˡ
ΪԵһǣ΢ԿƵ򲨶
֮ǰһͨɵֻۣҪӦܸӦϵĵ򲨶¾ԿѹƵҲӵùɵۼǿߵĸӦϵľ磬徳粻ֵ߲ͬĻ˼̫ܸӦߵľ磬ͺأǾߵĵߣһ㶼Ǻ׾ܸӦʵϵ͵߾ġ
ڣԷ΢磬õ򲨶ø΢
Բ²⣬ԼյĺڵҲﵽɵۼô΢绥Ӱ΢пȫĽ򲨶ȥǵɵۣҲ֪Լϵĵ򲨶ˡ
ڵյ𼶺ܼ򵥣ﵽɵۼˡ
ɵۣ̫ˡ
Ȼڰ׵ɵۣҪںڵҲﵽɵۼҪߵȼĺڵ򣬶ߵȼڵңҾúѡ
սǧŻῪʼս֮ǰҽڵյɵۼӦⲻ󡣡԰ת
԰Ԫĺڵ򣬾ȻҲҪ²⣬ͨĲ򲢲Ǵ㿪ʼģԱеɵ۵Ļ
ںڵҲﵽɵۼԱɳȥ͸ԪƬڵߵҲǿԼʵԪڲԪƬռеİɫһ

ҹľƶڶʮȫȶڵĹǣҲǽӦ˾֮Ӧ˹һԾŶϺȨ
УȻ˲ˣвҪְλϵĹԱҵ油Ǻ׵ġϾְλϵĹԱҪɵۼʵ
ǷĤ󹫾Ҳ˼СûʲôĤ󹫾Ҳˣд󲿷Ȩƽ˳ȥԭһȺҲǱɢˡù˾ݿе֣µĵϵȷʵûʣ¼ˡ
ˣĤ󹫾ûдȥĹְ̰ȨǴˮȨȻܵҪš
һգ͛Vһֱڽɽų˻ͬʱ뾰Ҳʹȥ
͛VԺųĵطڹ⹬ɴҲɼ˵δﵽĳ̶ȡ
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2932 ɺ׹
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2933 ˭
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2934 ֽ
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2935 ̫
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2936 ҹҪڷ
㳡ϵǰԵƽ
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׷սɫɰת죬ԵЩӡ
սʵ֮ǿҵҿ׷壬ֱǾ֮ܡ뾰ս񣬶¡׷սǰİ̬ʧӰ٣ȷʵҲǸɴˣʶԵʵ֮̾ͳԼĴ
׷սˣɺ׹ҹսԽ˳ɹԺǿɾսˡҲǺڴܹ׷ս񲢼սءԴЦ˵
뾰ս񲢼սҿ׷ҡ
սʵ֮ǿȷʵǰܹġ㣬ǲѾﵽԪϼˣ׷ս񷽲žͺɾǻԪϣҲȷϣϾҲδԪǸս
ʵʵ˵ھԪϵǿӦûһ㡣ҵʵԻԪϴڣҲ޻֮ɡſ׷սɫ˵
Ѿ˽ˣ֪ڰԪУԪϴھԪ컯ɵۻ¦ּǿߡԪԵȻǻԪϼĴڣǵ˫ɵۡڰԪĿǰϲŴﵽ𼶲áʵܱԪлǲһЩಢܴˣΪڲڵ΢Ҳǳǿ΢ԽԽͣϵʵҪԪʱʵΪǿöࡣ
ǡ׷ս̾

͛Vڷɺ׹Ĺʹסһ졣ɺ׹ľ׷սسһСģ¡
ҹľսʵôǿ𣿡ɺ׹һ󹫾΢ü
ǷѾһᣬľҲص⼸ˡ
ǧȷھսǰ˵Ǻ޻֮׷սҲſˣѾڵҲϢ޷Ի󷽷ĳϣԼʵҲ׷ս񲢲
ĻȷʵӦץסλᡣҹҪڷˣҲӦøҹսһ󳼳֮˵


2937 ݹ仯
ľɺ׹س󹫵£һˡ
һڣսֵ֧飬Ǵ󳼼ܻȥԡ˵ҹսʵǿɺ׹ҹȻһ£Ҳûɲ֧֡
ľûеȵڶգһЩʱ䣬˼͛VȷеĻظɺ׹ҹˣҳŵɳǿ֧ҹȹҶ䡣
ϣľɷɺ׹ĲҪ˼͛V;սΪأԲ˲࣬ҲǼ͛V
ڶ͛V;ս뿪˷ɺ׹Ĺǰһҡ
ڽ͛V;ս߹Ĺң̸һº˳ֻҪսչһԼʵЩҵĹսвͬҹ˶Ա顣УֻһҾܾҹĽ顣Դˣ͛V;սҲûŭֻƽĸǣԷҪй¶Ϣ
ս񣬹Ѿߵòˣͻҹɣһգ͛VԾս˵
ţһҽˣˡԵͷ˵
ȥұųӡȷĹʱ乻ʹѶ˹ǲɵۼǿȵҹ͛V鶯ĹΡ
սĲԸͳ˧͛Vʵ
֮ǰͶԾᵽþͳ˧ͳ˧ͳĿɲһţǶš֮ڣҪμӹԪȹҵľţͳ˧ͳȡս񣬲ͳ˧
ͳ˧ûʲôҪҹսսɱоǡͳ˧ų쵼ܣáЦ˵
㣬ȷʵǷǳвܣҲкǿʵ͛Vͷ
̸֮Уҹء

ҹɺ׹ȹҽˣмӵϢջɢˡ
Ȼ͛Vˣ͵£ҿϢ²һֱȥġȹңҲ½õϢ֪ҹǵĹңǵȻԴС
ҹ϶ңǿľӣʱܹǵĹҡЩңһܶԵֵסҹĹԣҲͬҹ˹
ȹҵĹս񣬷׷жҪҹж֮ǰܵľۼȫ£ǿߡ
һ֮УǴݹҲֻһ͡
ݹĹ֪ҹҪһЩ֮˼Ŷ
ݹ໢űʩսɱ¶ԴݹĴǷǳġݹĹõϢʱֻһЦЦδһʱϢ
ҹĻţǴݹĳ໢ţ
ʲôЦ
ݹĳ໢ҹţѾ֪ж£˫˽Է
໢űϢͻȻݹĹĶУȻġֱڶ죬Ž˼顣
ݹĹƽϸ飬ڼϸµ˽֮󣬴ݹĹȷһ£ҹĻڣһˣһоԵɵۡɵۣʵֲʩսǱɱݹڲһЩ˷óһۣɵ۵ʵһƬڸжҲˡ
ˣݹĹŷ˱Ĵ㣬ϵ͛Vϵ͛Vɳʹŵҹ̸УҹĺܶڵĴݹ඼ֻҹˣҲû취飬ҹǴݹͿܱ
λ˵˵ɣ
ҲһλᣬǴݹһЩʲôǿ˥ܾ޷ˡݹĹ˵
ǰǴݹһȺس
ݹѾЩ˵ҹһЩҪһЩ¡
£ǵļս֮ǰҹԿʧءڣʲôȡһس̾Ϣ˵
ǰ£ҹǼսʼǿҲû㹻ҹһü
ʲôʱ˵Ҫҹˣݹһ˵
ţ
£ղ˵ġĪǲҪûҹбǶȻĿԼĹ
ȻǣҵҲҹҲ֪ڸûбȻ޷ǾһЩʵˡݹЦ˵ҵ˼ǣ׼һ£ҲһҹǼң


2938 л
ݹⷬȻ⼸ڳسԤϡ
ݹƾų໢űҹΪ໢žųʩսҲǱҹɱȻݹѹòʱҹǴݹжҹ϶ȻһᱨҹġڣҲҹ޵ҧ
ΪˣԵղᵽµʱڳسʶΪûҹѡɴʱǲŷԼˣͲҪҹѣҹս
ڳԾ֮ڳسǶ˼
˵ûݹԪˣǿʧܴ֮£ݹҪָԪǺѵģԺҪҹԴԴϵĽͽһ˴ݹĸݹҵʵĻ;Դôݹ˥ȷʵԱһ¡
£Ҿ˼⣬еġ
ţҲΪӦһȥӴǴݹҹȷʵìܣìѾãǻģʱҲҪͨ
ǰҹһսѾǹȥҹˡѾҹͷһΣٵͷƺҲǺѽܵ顣

Ⱥݹس˼󣬶ǱȽ֧뷨
ݹܵҹսǶҲֵܷһЩôġ
ƺͬ˵ģ˵
˶ͷ
Ǻãھ͛VѶ硣Ҳ֪͛VܲܿǴݹˡ̾һЩΡ
ȥݹĹҹ΢ǿһЩȴֻҹˡ

͛VܿͽӵĴѶ֪˼󣬲δԥͬ¡ݹǰһսȻʵ𣬿֮ڣȻвɵۼǿߡҪҹսΪ˺úñ֣Ҳǲɵۼǿ߳սŶԡ
ڽڵıҪ׼ú󣬼͛VǷֱɺ׹˹ĹѶϢ˹ҹɳսǿߡ
ĴսУҹǾԵҲߡⳡսУҹֻҪ˹һɵۼǿ߼ɣɵ֮µսʿҹҪ˹Ȼˣ˹ԸɳӲսҹҲܾ
ɺ׹ȹңûɳšӵ˼ֻǰԼҹɳһȺɵۼǿߡ
ͬʱԪȹңҲڽŵĳﱸżս
ԪΪǣΪҹĹϵһֱãҹսǵжԹңȻʱ֪ҹҪЩңǿȷһ㣬ұضҹϡ
ǲԴУȻҲҪҹͬԿҹ
ǵȫ˵֮£Ҳмұ˵ˣӦǽˡǼ˵ĹңҲȷʵűȽĵġǣҹڻԪ֮󣬱֡ݺɨǰǵ³ضǱƣܹŽһϣԵסҹܹҹ
ԪҵĹۼĹʹ֮ڣ棬ΪľǸΪϸµӦҹѾڼ״̬ľӡ
ҵĹ֮⣬Ҳǲ˴󹫾һﵽ뵽֮С
ûʱˣǱжյϢҹѾϣ׼ʱǷɺ׹УҲвɵۼǿߴǵĹҳǰҹˡɫ˵
Ԫľӣ׼׵ʱڽŻϡԪĹ˵
ѾȷҹһĿ꣬ΪˣǲŻۼ£Ԫ
ľӣҲʱɳĹҲ˵
ţ˵ͷĿ⣬ֿҵĴ
ⳡսû·ʧܣǼǵĹҲԺҲԲкӹˡ
󻷹һսжϣסҹһҵĴĴ󻷹ʵ
⣬ûа취ش㡣ѡҲϣһսûѡǣֻЭԿҹ޳ԡ
ҹҽˣϢȷϣҹ˹ֻɳɵۼǿ߳սԣǵѹӦҲ̫лġ󻷹ŵ


2939 
ڳλͷ
ҿԾ棬ΨǸԲв󻷹˵
ҹǿţҪҹԼľӣһ϶ɳɵۼǿսѡ
ȹɵȴǶҶɳľɶš
󻷹ĵģҹսԡ
󻷹⾰Եʵ紫ôǿ𣿴ݹʩսǾһ˾ɱģһҴʵ
󻷹¶ɫ
ķǳǿ˵Ǽ֮ԸҹԾΪչ¶ǿʵ
ҲضԴ˸еʵǿһԶɵֻۣҪŽһģȫԸͲǣ󻷹ӿ˵
ţ󻷹˵û
ȷʵû·
ҹ͛VͲǶԻĻᣬ̸жܡ
ȻˣǾͷɣңɷԿҹ֣
λҵĴһȻˣǰлϵĹʶλ棬ֻΪöϸϵһЩ⡣
ôλҾųˡ룬Ծܿͻˡ󻷹˵

ʹ
ԪУôǿ󡣴ԼҲеȵˮƽ
һƬԪУȴǿĹҡ
ҹڵƬԪڣнʮңе̳
ΪҵǿʢԹƬԪڣҲռԴڹԼڣĹ֮ϣҲвٵʵǻأѵԴǳǳ٣ϾǵڰõءʵʿŲֹҵһЩȸԴ
ʱ򣬹ʹ֮УһСٿӢڸ߸ϵ֮ϡףǹļλس
£ҹһоԵսʵɲ⡣Ҫ˵˴˵ҹܹǹ̫вҾǲ̫ʵһ󳼿˵
Ѿһʱ䣬˵ҹ⡣
£ҲСҹһ˵
ҹʱܶǹ޷̫вԺأڵҹѾֳ˱ȽǿԡҹˣҪһЩҡҹʤˣǵõҪģò˶ãҹøǿ󡣵ʱǹҹ¾ˡһҡҡͷ˵
Ĺس׷׷ԼĿһЩ˶ҹ˼ɵҲһЩ˲ΪȻ
ǽҹǾԿ̫ˣжǿɱһʩͰŵˣ˵سͲ̫Ժҹϡ
ڹسǷʱӢһֱû˵ڳ˼ʲô
˺һᣬӢһУʱ
˵ҹȹң͛VѾǰ֪ͨҡ͛VɣǸ𡣹ȥܳһʱ䣬ȹҸҹ˷ǳʧ͛Vұ֤ҹֻṥԪҹǵжԹϵĹҡ
£͛VĻšЩֻۣΪǹİˡһ̾˵
ţҵȻҲӢͷ
Щ֮䷢սǹҲδһ¡֮以սŴˣҵǿˣҲˡһǹԸɵĿǸĵ̣ϻȡԴӢ¶Цݡ
Ӣ˼ǣְҹ̵á
ӢⷬڳĹǣǵ˵ͷȥһֱôģЩ֮䳤ʱల±ֺƽǲǹҪġᰵиһЩ飬ĹһսһЩܿƿĸԴҲͨƵֶΡ
ǻǵ÷һЩҹľսר˵ˣʵȷʵȽǿ󡣡Ӣ˵
Ӣһ
ҹŸţҪȹҡһʤôɴ⼸еõĺôӢ۾˵ҹôĺôԣ׼ɸȥҹ͛VӴһ¡
µ˼ǣҹʤǹҲҪлһЩսƷһس


2940 ҳϹ
Ӣ΢΢һЦ
սսȥ໥ҧԽԽáǺôǹζȡһݡӢϣһĨ⡣
ӢĹ塢سǹ
˹ȥΣӢһ󹫾λ󹫾ֽ˹
˹ԣʱϲ
£һѵõֻҪȥҹһˣɴлþ޴ĺôȣҹΪ˰ͽ϶ҪһݺΣҹص֮󣬻õһԹµʹ͡
һһȥ˹󹫾Ҫˡ
·ģ½ҺˣһΪºô¡˹æ˵
ˣЩʵı鿴˹󹫾˭֪һ
û취ӢĹϵû˹󹫾Ӣô׽˹󹫾ǼֱӢһӢҪվҧ˭Զһüͷ˹󹫾αӢΪҳϵĹ塣
Ӣ˹󹫾ȥɣҲ˵֮С
ţ׼׼ǰҹɡҪ̫ã֮սӦúܿҪˣս֮ǰҹ͛V̸һ̸⡣Ӣ˹󹫾ͷ˵
΢ף΢ձȥҹ͛V˹󹫾ϲ֮Ӧ

һգҹַҹĹΡ
ַͳ˧㣬Ϊҹս͛VԽͳΪеĲйĹ
뿪֮󣬾ӵоٶȿʼӿ졣ҪҹɣҹԼ˹ɵۼǿɣȻԴݹʮɵۼǿߡ
Ϊҹڹҹҹ߽紦Ҳֻ˰ʱѡеսʿҲǽӽڤվǵķٶǱȽϿġ
ҹִַ֮ǰķҲڱ߾ϡķҵľţԶԶҹַöࡣ˵սϣӪࡣɵۼǿߣӪಢԣɵۼǿַֻɵۼǿ߶˲ʮ
Ԫҵɵۼǿ߶ǳ˴󲿷֡˹Ҳǲһɵۼǿߡҹ˹඼ɳ֮һҵɵۼǿߣȻҹ߹Ҫ࣬ɵۼǿǱȷҪٽӽʮ
󻷹Ծִ߾
һĳٷеĹ˵
ţӣйעԾĶ򡣡󻷹Գ
Ĵ󻷹פҹı߽֮ءҲûа취飬Ϊĳɷ̫ˣҶоŲμսҹַ׵󻷹죬֮Ҳܹѹס⼸ҵľšսͬԷڡ
ҹĴƽˡ
ӪľӣӴ֮䶼ۿԷӪ
Է㳲ˡɨŶ棬Ⱥ˵
ǰԷɵˣҴ󲿷ֵľӣˡͳ˧˵
սУֻɲС˵
սڡû㣬һսǲܻʤġԷϣǿγѹԵơ㲻֣ǿ»Ѹٵľˡͳ˧ҡҡͷЦ˵
ս񣬲ַĶ롣ַܲսʤҪǿԡ
ţסһύս֮һȫֱȡڴսʼʱ򣬾ɱԷһЩɵۼǿߣԴѹԷʿԵͷ˵

Ժųǣ֪ڼ֮ǰǸոմӹַ󲻾ãǹ˹󹫾͵ҹĹ
˹󹫾Ϊ˾ϵҹûд̫Աֻɵۼǿߡңڵҹ֮ǰǶûǰϢҹĹ͛V
͛VͻȻ˵˹󹫾ʱ򣬻еʮֵĳԾ
ƬΪǿĹң˹󹫾ǹҪ֮һҲǹߵ֮һ͛VҲûа취
͛V⹬һƫ֮нӼ˹˹󹫾
˹͛V¡˹󹫾͛V΢΢ϴЦݣ˵ʱȻż͛VľգĿû̫Ρ


2941 ʨӴ󿪿
˹󹫾ĳ񣬼͛Vƽ
˹󹫾ΪͻȻҹ͛Vڶ˹󹫾ʵ
Ǻǣ֮ǰ͛VҲܵù𣿡˹󹫾Ц˵
͛Vͷ˵˹󹫾ҹ֪к£
˵ҹҪ˹󹫾˵
ţҹľѾˣ˴ҹΪ˸ڹȥܳһʱҹ̫ĿѡҵĹͬϣܹһĴԺҲҹ
˹󹫾ѾǰͨӢ֪͛V˵
͛Vģҹ֪˴ҹΪ˸𣬹ԭϲֹҹҹǷҹӢ֮˹󹫾Ŀ⣬ʱĴӼ͛Vɨ
Ӣ˹ʲôϢأ͛Vʵ
ʵϣ͛V֪˹󹫾ҹʱ򣬾͸о϶ʲô¡ʲôĻɫ͛VȻҲЩһδλᣬֶͨΣõ˺ܶԭҵĵ̺Դ
ҹȹңôܰװ׷ŹһŵĻ᣿
Ȼ˹󹫾ˡ
͛VǹһЩҵġҹƱػӰ쵽ǹĲҵҹǹϣսӰ쵽Լ档ȻҹսǾͲܲӰĲҵ
͛VǱµ˼ǣϣҹԶԴһĲǹҲҪ͛V̾ͶԹвҹڹսʤ֮󣬴սƷóֲʧ˹󹫾ͳ˵
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͛VȻԹ⳥˵ʲôвҵǴǽڡвҵʧ΢΢ǿԺԲƵġ˵ˣҹ˺һ
͛V⳥ȴ޷ܾҪҹȹҽսʱǼŭ˹ǾԲҹܹܵġƬ֮ΪǿĹң֮УɵۼǿԶԶҹȹҶöࡣ
Σҹؼʱڣս
ֻǲ֪ӢΪҹóΪ⳥ȽϺʡ͛V˹󹫾ʵ
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˹󹫾Ҫҹ޷ġ˴սҹҽˣͬñġսʤսƷУһ⼸ҵġҲ˵ҹҲֻܻһݶսƷ˹Ҫôҹʲôʣ¡͛Vеŭ𣬶˹󹫾˵
ŶһͱȽ鷳ˡ͛VҲ֪ǹӢȻƢɲ̫á˹󹫾ڵģ˵
˹󹫾֪Ӣϵܡ£˹󹫾ˡ͛V
ţ⵹ʵǱǰȷʵ˵ϻȻ͛VҰæҲԹۡɣһһӢ¹ͨ£ǽΣͺ˵ˡ˹󹫾һջʢЦݸ֡
˹󹫾ӹҹһ·Ͷίʵˣ˰Ϣһᡣ͛V˵
˹󹫾⹬סȻ˹󹫾һͬǰɵۼǿߡ
˹󹫾뿪ƫ͛Vľϣŭֳ
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ҪһսƷǣǳ˲Ϲͷ͛VЩε̾Ϣһ
£ҿ˳ɶ˹ԼǡӢӦòôסսƫһ󳼿˵
֪˹ھӢĴˡ͛Vҡҡͷ
˹ʨӴ󿪿ڣ޷ǾҪô˵˾б˽ҡ£ǸһЩôǡ󳼵ͷ˵󳼣ҪĹҹҵĽӴ


2942 ƽ
͛V⽻˹󹫾ӴԹ˹󹫾ҲǺҹ͵ĺ룬߲ܡ
˹󹫾Ҳûзع˼ҹʹס

ҹľţҹ֮أɵķչ˴ս
Ӫ֮䣬ʲô֮ĲãǻչҵĹΪ˫֪һսѾܱ⣬Ľһ
ս񣬳ҹַǰһޱȵ׶ӣݺݵĴ̵Ӫ֮С
󻷹ָڶɵۼǿΧԡȻԵʵ̫ǿˣǼʮɵͬʱоԣԶԾ̫˺οַ֮ɵۼǿҲǺܶ࣬ҲþսһֱԷɵΧ
Իеؽҵ֮󣬱Էɵۼǿ߷һ
еɵۼǿߣҵܹܾսȫһġܹסȫһģҲֻǲֹս񼶱ǿߡǿߣȼ֮١
űսնɱɵۼǿ࣬һսʤƽҹַбȻ࣬ҹַɵɵۼǿս֧źڶʿ֮󽵡
Ӫ𽥵Ŀʼˡ
Ҳûа취飬ҵľɣ󻷹ԶҲͳõӴľӣԲͬĹңȫһġǿʤϣ֮ӱ޷ˡ
ܵս󻷹̾Ϣһ
֪һսԼѾˡҹսʵеĸΪǿ⣬սܿǻԪϼǿߡҹлԪϼǿ߷ս
󻷹ûܣҲûѡͶڼܾѶžսڵλó˹ȥʵȻɱԣ¸ԭ޷ܲҰܵʵ޷ԣԡ
սǾĴ󻷹ˡͳ˧ڲԶԴһѶϢ
˴󻷹
󻷹ǲĿⶢŴ󻷹
΢֮ͣ󣬾Ա㽫ؽŴ󻷹ɱ˹ȥ󻷹ʵԪҲͨڶɵۼǿߡ󻷹֮󣬱ǵֵסˡһЩɵۼǿҪ󻷹ǾԸͲǵĹһػ֮󣬴󻷹նɱڽ¡
󻷹ɱսľƣһߵˡ
һս˼ʱʱˡķɢսʿɱҹַʼɨս
һսȷʵҲȽϼҡȻַʤҹַʧҲСɵۼǿ߻ɵ֮µսʿдˡ
սǵʧҲСͳ˧̾һھ˵
ţԵ˵ͷȹģĴս޷ġ
֪ͳ˧Ҳͷ˵ȹɵ˾Ѿͼ򵥶ˡ⼸ңض޷ټ˹ģľˡ
˶٣ͳ˧˵սһʱٽھͽʤ׷
ɣһɨȽ֮󣬾졣۾˵
ҲãҲʲôģķˣǵĹսɱˡͳ˧ȥ̷ҩָĵʱ
ļʱ䣬ҹַǵĹ¹ӴĳУûкķκεĴۣΪǸûнڵһЩʹ󳼾ӭˡǣҹͶˡˣǱҹˡ
ַĹʮҵʱ󣬱ٴγһĿ꣬Ԫ
ԪĹţΪǰս֮ս˴ҶǿߣԵҹַԪ֮ԪҲûֹľҹɱ
һ֮ԪͶ
һʱͶ
Ͷ֮Ԫ˵Ĺңǵ͛V磬ǷˣԸҹд⳥ǹɳʹߣѾǰҹ·ϡ
ַսһҲҵʱ䡣˵ҹԴݿ֮ƿԪҡ


2943 ǿ
Ҫս󣬾ԱǷҹڱռĹлдҪͳ˧ͿˣսҪ¡
ҹַƬϵĹҸ֣Ҳ֮΢ı仯ǰƬ֮Уǹϵǿȣûеڶܹ֮ȡڣһЩµҹʢˡ
ƬУһֲŴԼʮҡЩûв뵽ַսǶһսŷǳߵĹעһЩΪҹʧܣҲйΪҹܻܿɹûйңԤϵһսô졣
սĽҲûԤ⡣ΪսϳʱĽ״̬ҹȡʤʤúɡΪһҹĸ֮սҲҪǧʱܳ׷ֳʤû뵽ʱ䣬ҹֱӿԪңͬʱҷ
£һֹĸо
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λԴôӢһȺʵ
һУǸҹս񡣡һ󳼵΢˵ǾڴսУͬʱʮɵۼǿΧܰȻȻɵۣʵȻ𾪡
ûҹܻʤؼսϡڣԵ֣ѾһƬˡÿһңƺ֪ҹľսҹҲӡҹȥСĹң̧ͷˡһҲ˵
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ߣҹʲôҲǹᲢۣ֮Աǡ
£ʼһҹӰ̫ˡˣһ֮ӲҹƬǿһϹ壬ڵжӢ
λʲô취ѹƾԺҹӢʵ˹ҹǱôˣ
£˹󹫾ҹ͛V̸սƷ⡣һ󳼻Ӧ
˹ץʱ䡣һΣԪҹˣһҹ֧⳥ЩսƷԴҹõͷӢ˵

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ս񡣡͛V֮ϲ֮Աֱס˾Ե˫֡
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սҹܹʤԷӹΰ͛V˵Żݹĳ໢ţȹңҹ˷츲صı仯
սҹһƬڣӰѾͬնˡҹڵڶֻڹ֮ˡ͛VĿžԡ
ţԺҹԽԽǿʢӰҲԽԽ󡣡Եͷ˵
ǿǲǵһѣοڻһѹҹͷϡ
£֮ǰ㴫Ѷҵʱ˵һ˹ĹǹתʵὫԼƳǼ͛Vƺץúܽ
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ֵսƷһսУһսƷ͛VЩŭ˵һֱ˹̸ϣٷһЩսƷ̲˳ˣ˹ͬ⽫սƷݶĳɡ
սû취ӦҪʮսƷҪָɺ׹ȹңٸĳɣҹֻܻһɡ͛Vҡҡͷ˵˹Ѳ˴ĺôǲδõʲôŵ
ǺǡЦһ
£λ˹йɣң̸һ̸⣬һֱסҲǸ¡漴˵
ã͛VͷŽץžƵɿ
͛Vȥ˹


2944 ǵ
Ƭ֮УǿѾġ
³У̫̫öûйܹսƬеĵλˣΨһĴ
ԣȻҹͨȹҵһս˹ӰƬĹңȻΪҹܹȡҹڵ˹ҲûнҹŵǸλȥ
ˣҹǿʢַۣǷҵĳ֮ϣжҹ̸ۡ
ҹʤ֮ڶĹȴǲδĿҹջΪҶ֪һǳҪڣǾ䡣һսҹúսƷҹҪסսƷչԼĹ⣬¾ûôˡ
˹󹫾Ѿҹʹס꣬ȥҹҪսƷġ
ȷʵˣ˹һֱҹ˵ҪɷݶսƷ
ҹܴӦôսƷġ
ϢԸ⽫սƷݶĳɣҹֻҪĳսƷˡ
ҹĽͷȥɣ
ҹҲҹǾܾǻŭ˵һսܿҪˡҹʵܶԿĴλսʵȷʵǿɲĹܱȵģɵۼǿڶ࣬ڻԪߵɵ۶в١ǿҹֻһսܶס
ǰ͛VȻŮˣҲܴ֪ôġ룬ҹջѡùġڻʧǰ͛Vȷѡġ

ҳãƵۡΪҹãͷύ󲿷ֵսƷѰĺƽ

ҹʹ
͛Vټң˹󹫾͛VǰЦʵ
˵仰ſ͛V߻վһˣĿȻڼ͛Vߵľսϡ
սλǹ˹󹫾͛V¶΢ЦԾԽ˹󹫾
˹󹫾۵
ԭλǴľս񡣡˹󹫾Цһ˵ս񣬹ϲϲ֣ҫȡ
˹󹫾ˡǳһ¡
͛Vк£˹󹫾û뾰Զຮѵ˼˵һ㽫תƵ˼͛Vϡ
ĿУδΪսڳԵ
ǹڴ˴սлõսƷ顣͛VЦ
͛VȻ˹󹫾ȻҪЦԡΪûд˹󹫾ӢϵΪܣ˹󹫾Ǿ͵ǵӢԣ͛V˹󹫾Ϊ˹ңȻίߵ˹󹫾
Ŷ²Ѿ˵ܶˡǹѾòֻܴҪ͛VóĳɵսƷΪɡ˹󹫾˵
͛V֮ǰҲǵõԹİдѶδѶӢԹͨӢǳȷҪҹҪսƷǵߡӢ˹󹫾˹мôԲܽսƷݶ͵¡
˹͛V˵սƷУҪɺ׹˹֪ġµɷݶǽĳɣҹֻܻһɡķݶȷʵ޷ܣΪǸ޷ֲҹⳡսеʧ
ٺ١͛Vҿɾû취ˡԽָɺ׹ȹҵսƷݶһЩ˵ȥ䣬һҹܶõɷݶˣ˹󹫾Цһ˵
ôУսƷݶЭ̺õġҹܳ͛VüΪѵ˵
͛VҹˣҺ͹޹ءҪĳսƷ˹󹫾̬ȼᶨ
˹ô˵޹𣿹ҪսƷǾѲ˸ϵʱ򿪿˵
˹󹫾ԣ˵սҹֻҪ⳥ѣǹսûֱӵĹϵҵΪҹǼҷսҹӦԴʧҹԭ򡣡
˹˼ˡԵ˵ͷ
ҪսеֻҪҹΪⳡսܵӦʧԼ˵
ս˵һûôһǹҪ⳥þҹͨ˴սջսƷеĳɡ˹һ־ڱصõı˵


2945 ɱ˹
͛Vɫ˹󹫾һ̲ס뼸ȹȥ
ȴЦ˹ʵӣʧ˶٣ҹռ⳥⳥һЩԴԡ
һ£Լʧ˶٣ɲɹ˵㡣ϣҹ⳥ʧҪһʧ嵥԰ɣ˹Ƚʧ嵥óҹ棬ǻ˲֤ȷʵ֮ǻһʱ佫⳥Դ͵
žԵĻ˹󹫾ɫˣղŻһ־ڱصõģڵıѾһڿЦӡ
ⳡҹսԹɵֱʧʵ󣬹ǼһЩҵЩҵûƻһЩʧҲ΢΢ʧ¼ֵûҹ˽͸˹󹫾ĺôࡣ
ҹ⳥ЩʧǱ˵ǴﵽսƷĳɷݶˣҲٷ֮һǧ֮һ
սڿЦ˹󹫾žԡ
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ǹľʧֻɲþս˹󹫾ɫһЦҲӲ
ʲôʧ嵥ûС͛Vܾ⳥ֻͨǹӢˡ˹󹫾ⷬȻв
͛VĿ⿴ԡ
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⻰ԣ˹Ϊ߹թҹǿɾʹˡԶ˹
Ǻǡ˹ЦЦĿһֱż͛V
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˶ǲ֪һͺڴڻص
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͛V۾΢΢žԣΪԼ򵥵һ仰бһů͛Vһ΢Ĵƺĳ˱ţҲһҸ顣ԵƺһЩĽ֮⡣
ս񣡡˹ŭ
֪֪Լ˵ʲô֪֪ܾΪĿܸҹ֣֣֮ң˹󹫾ͺըĻҩͰԾԽ
Ķ΢΢΢һǿӿŻе˹󹫾һĻ˹ȥ
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˹󹫾ڵϣϢȫޡ
űʬ˹͛VľգҲԵЩסΪһֱ˹ţΪս˹Ļʹ֮бɱҹսǲɱ˰ɣ
ҹԼֵսƷȫ͸Ҳ޷ҹͷ
ս⡭͛VžԣҲû⡣
˶ǸԳҲ̫ģ⣬һᾡȥ
ʵڼ˹֮ǰʵҲûɱˣֻ㽫˴߶ѡ


2946 ŭ
εǣλ˹󹫾ԼҪ
ҪսƷݶ̫ˣĳսƷսƷҹ޷Ӧʲô¶ûߺôеĴͷ뷨̫ˡ
ûоսҹջӦթѲͬˡ
սǵüսˣʹѶ㣬Ż͛V˵䣬ҪȡѶ㴫Ѷ
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ҹڵ޷ͬʱƿĸģû취ֻͨƳ¹ҡҹֻҪƿ⼸ɡ
һͻȻǷѣǻ᲻͛Vǵġ
ü빥ǣֻǴٽǶҵʵӦһ˽⣬ҹˣͲܳɹǺǣҵϣӦòЦЦǴٽǾͲصסǻǰõϢġ
Ҳǡ͛V˵ͷа˲١
˹ʬ崦󣬾Խ˹ͬĹɵۼǿնɱˡ
͛VѶǱߣ˹ɱһ¸ӢͬʱҲϢƬĸҡ
սΪβϢԾԵ飬͛VЩס
ϢǷסģȻʱ֪µ˺٣˹һʱ䲻Ѷ磬һʶ⣬ǻ֤ġҡҡͷ
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£ʱѾνҲûҪˡ˵£ҲкôģҹӰٴ˹ܹǱȽ϶ģҲпܼվһ𡣡Ц˵Ȼˣս⼸˹ҲסָǰǶԿϣ󡣡
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ҹļ˹ĹҲĿ֮࣬ǰڽҪֵսƷϲ֮Сת֮䣬˾ֵ¼
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飡飡ӢɫһŰԲĳƬ
ϣڶĹسۼ֮ǰ˹Ϣ˹֪ϢʱӢǲŵģΪϢ󡣵Ϣ׾͵õȷ̽ӣ˹󹫾ʬ塣
ɶ񣡿ɶǸȫҪҹΪ˹ᣡŭӢڳϵͳڼȵŭ֮£ıԵŤֲ
Ҫ
׼ӣҹţǸ͛Vһ׽Ҫ۾ǰ˺·Ӣ۾һƬ
£ǵľѾڼᡣսҲõϢڸϻһ忪˵
սֽиһλʵǿɵۡλսǾԳ֮ǰƬǿߣҲӽԪϴڵĿֲ
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ţ£͵Ȱ£ȥ̶ҹսڣͶҹսӢֺȵ


2947 ֲ̿
Ӣһ£ҹսϢ֮
ľӣʼѸٵļᣬפڸصľţ󲿷ϵۼȥ
Ƭ֮УǹǿĹңҲǽΪĹҡԣٶȼӣҲٰʱ䣬⻹ΪĶڹפľţټפڱ߾ľţҪʱɾͲǰˡ
ҹսϢɢ֮ٴõ𶯣һ𶯣ǻ˹󹫾սɱǴΡҲҹսնɱ˹󹫾ǳϵ飬ûܹ뵽ҹôĵӡιҹսϢȻǸģȴڴԤ֮С
ڶҿҹսǲǹ¡һֱƬǿĹңȻǲ׽ܱҹľսɱ˹󹫾ڴ
˵Ӣ˹󹫾ϵǱѰ˹󹫾ӢϵãӢҲ׷£ϵҵϡιҹҵıǹƱػܵ޴Ӱ죬µʱƬĹңͲֻкΪҹᲢˡ
ĸսڵõѶϢҲӿңԶ֮ظϻع
λս񣬼ӽԪϴڣɵۣȷʵǿҲһﵽĻԪϼںܶʱﲢڹڣѰٽһĻԵ

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Ӣŭˣ͵Ļᶼ͛Vˡ
ţ֮ǰţӢ᲻ǿҪҹսҹܾŻҹսء
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һսʼҹûʲôᡣһսǾԵסĴɵۡ
ҹļ˹Ҳһսվһɣɺ׹ȹңԲս
Ҵӹһ߲֪սҲǴϻˣ¼ɻصڡ
ҲǺҹҪȻٻظսսȷʵǸӢһЩɵûоսӢԲٻظս񡣹ɳһɳһЩɵۼǿߣҹĹˡ

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ΪսϢҹ£ҲһƬ֮̿С
ͨڣǹ󳼣ĸе
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͛VԼжûס
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սͬڳϣսλڼ͛VԱ߲Զ
ҹڵĳã֮ǰս֮ǰɲһˡǾս֮ǰǴʱͳֱܶɺָ͛VڣȻҲЩģûɼ͛V۵ģӦԣܲҵ취ùҹŭһЩȡҹսƻ
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ͳ˧ҹļţʱȼҿƾ档
ǰ£ȷӣ±ɼϣĸս±ɻصڡһ׼׵ǴӹҹҲһʱ䣬ǵľӱɵִһҲ˵
ٻͳ˧;ţҲҪʱģ˳ĻҲôʱ䡣Ͼɵ֮µսʿһ㶼ֻܿи·
Щ󳼣Ҳûָսɱ˹󹫾лԹս嶯³çҵ˵


2948 ½ظ
͛Vŵڵس
ٻͳ˧ҹ£ǰ뾰սʱδҹսѾսĹ͛Vѹܴ
ʱվ
սλǱ㶼˵ˣսҹ͛VвˡҲԭڹҹսͨҲǺڮپս
λ̧Ŀڡ
֮ǰѾ£ͳ˧ĿǰٻءԪȻǿƣδȶʱͳ˧;ųңǺܻܿ⡣˵йҼлɳˣ͵͵ժӡ˵
ս񣬿˹ûоӵֿô죿һžʵ
õģǲǻһЩʱ𣿾ǵ׼һ˳ǵľӵҹӦҲһ֮ˡ˵ǵ׼ô˳ġ΢Ц

ľҪ»ͳ˧;Żġ˵
һδ£ʱ䲢
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ʮ֮
񡭡ˣڻҰеľԣ۾Ȼ
оǿɵ֪ۡĸսҲһɵۡⰵԪУɵȻԪôϡУڵɵۣɵͬǷǳϡȱĴڡطǡǸսɵۼʺܵ͡
ԸӦɵıʱնĲ̶
ಣԵӰӹ֮гԴͷλüٵĳ˹ȥ
ΪֻҪ΢һЩǿʧȥλ˲Ƶɵλá
Բ²ûдʱոս߾ɵۣǹս񸲺
ս֮ǰӵӢڵһѶͣĸ˻£һֱڸ·û˿ͣ١ʱ˹ľڣвʱʱ䣬ɵִӢ
ڣս΢ͣһ£׼ʩչ˲Ƹ·ɾʱȴǸӦһһǳҵĴ
ף
ʲôˣսתĿķ
Ѿ֪ͬһɵۡȻʱԷӰսʶŵʵǿ
ͷոת߾ͷһӰ¶˳սĿ鿴һȫİףδˡ
ת䣬Ӱǵ˽
ǺˣΪҹڣսžԺʵ
ǹս񣬶ԹɵۼǿߵȻ˽⣬ɵۼǿߡոճֵɵۣȻǹԱ
ǹս𣿡ҲŸս
ûҾǹսͷ˭ΪҹڣĪǣң
ս˵ûȷʵڵ㡣Ѿʮʱ䡣ҽһ£Ǿԣҹս񡣡ԵԼݡ
ԱԼ֮󣬸սɫһȫʱս񣬵ȻҲ֪˭ӢĴѶУרصᵽҹľս
ɱ˹󹫾սܣʱҪԾչ
ҹսҹսרԼսӲ⣬Ҳ뵽ս϶ǲġοսһ㶼޴


2949 նɱ
ս˵ҹսʵǿԼʵͬżǿš뿪ƬأʶԪռڶȵڶǿߣЩǿеɵҲɵۣвԽд
Ԫϴ֮£ֻкٲ־ɵۣпѹܹģǾ͸ˡ
ս񲢲ţͻȻðоԵɵܹԼ
ھսɵֻۣ˵սԼˣ˵ԷЩ
ԣɱ˹˹ҲҪʵǹ֡һͨɵۣй㼫ȵĿԼԻӦ˵
ԣһ㵹û˵Ҳ˹˳ۡǼˣҲɱҹĹսž
Ѿɱˣ˵ЩҲáԭҹӦòᷢսģٶʱڲᡣڣΪɱ˹ҹ´Īѹңý£㸲ս񡣡Ÿս˵
ǺǣҪɱңǾңмֶΰɣսø߰
ৣͬʱսԼȡ˳һɫĳ
ŸսӶܿռʱڶѺۡ
ԣҲǽؽС
ɱ㣬ӢӦþͻ¿ǶҹսˡԵͳ˵
ɱңǾҪжıˡս񣬽ȻҲͱٻȥˡնɱڴˣҹˣڹԱûвҲԳľҲɸҹս˵Ϊδ£ƽ
ɵۣ漴ı߾ˡ̣λɵ۴սǲκεĸš
սʵȷʵǿһ֣Ա˱Ƚ׼ȷжϡ
⸲սʵɵۻҪǿһء
ţ֮ǰɱĴݹʩսǿøࡣ
컯ɵۣвСĲࡣﵽ컯ɵۼʵķԾˣɵ۲һ㡣
¡¡
飡
Ժ͸ս񣬷Ķս˵ڿռײֱӻڶԷϡɵǿ˶ױȵĿ
ڵ΢磬𶯣һɹɾԴԴͳ
븲սǿ߶սþᵽԼ͸ڵ΢ı仯ֱ仯΢Խǽӽת޵ʱ򣬲Խԡ
ⰵԪƺıԪµöࡣ
Ԫ컯ɵۺ¦֮£ɵۻϾǿɵˣû֮һڶεɵɵȣԲ˺ܶࡣⰵԪսսȴɵҪǿһЩɵ븲սɱܵĿ϶ɵۡ
޷ʹɵۼʵʱҿҲ͸ڵ΢ǿ˺ܶ࣬ҪȻҿ»ò⸲ս񡣡תҲЩп
ڼս֮ǰԾԤսʵûСս˼ɵ֮󣬾Բŷ֣Լںڵϴﵽ𼶱΢ɱܶ࣬ԼܲǸĶ֡
ȻھԵʵҪȸսǿˡ
ɱĳʱƣս񽥽¶ơ΢ٶǸġɵۣǹҪĴ΢ġ΢Ĺ࣬ɵ۾͵ûݵϻ
򵥵˵ɵ֮ǿ󣬾Ϊ΢Էֵɵѹ˵ƻʱʩս΢ǳ˴Ƭı
㡭֮ǿ
㵽ʲôˣ
ΪҪƬΪҪҹս˼⣬оԼѾ޷֧̫ʱˡ
ףΪξɵۣ֮ǰڻԪûκε£ԾԵʵ˵һƬˣǷԪռ䣬ҲӦбȽϴɵۣڻԪռвСЩǿĵ۹ڣɵ۵ҲܵõһŴ
ǣȴδ˵һоԵɵۡ
һж˰ɡһն¡
ۣսһһѪӿϢңɫҲɷס
սҲѣûлᡣ߾֮ȶ޷ΪѶϢȥҲܼʱϵ
ֹƬ̣սڲ֮УԵؽնɱ


2950 ظл
ս΢˴룬Ҳǧٿס
Ÿսʬ壬ҡҡͷ͸˵븲ս޶ԹǹҵжԵĹϵԾԼλսܻΪѡǰ븲ս򵥵ĶԻУԾøսҲǱȽˬԸ
ʵȴûô
ҹȹ̫ࡣԣҲû취԰ҹֵĴһøսͳ˧ִҹǾҲ졣һˣϰٸɵۼǿ߶սοڻвǿɵۣɵ۶ĸ
Խսʬ
ʹ
壬վӢǰ
սôûӢʵ
£սʱӦõִʹ˲Ŷԡڰʱ֮ǰսѶϢ˵Ѿҽˡһü
ûӢЩõ˵
£ս鵢ˣ΢ŴѶսҲûյظսѾȷصǹڣҲᵢʱˡһ忴˿Ӣ
սӦ֪ػûʲô飬ȶҹսҪսӦҹӢԸսЩˣɵǹսǹľ䣬ʺս
壬Ҳö˵ʲôΪŭ𣬿Թս񼸾䣬ȴ˵κθսĻսʵǿɵۣҲǴﵽ۷塣Ҳȥڮ١
Ӣ
ʱһصӿд
ƺǴԶ뵽ʹڡ
Ӣˣú
ʲôˣӢһȵ
ӢҽǹĸսͻˡǺǣøлңֻС¶ѣԶ˴
ĹǱˡĹԱڣ˷ᣬķˣŷʲô飬˵˭
ಣ
һϢɵǿߣѸޱȵķɴܳλøȥӢҲʹڵڶǿߣٶȸ˹ȥ
֮⣬֮СǰǸսʬ壬ֿ̻ס˸սʬ塣
Կ˴ӳпٷɹӢˣԲʶӢ׾ͿϳΪڿٸϹɵۼǿУֻӢŻʹڣ۵ĺܣ벻ϳѡ
˭ӢҲڳľԡ
ʱΪսУǿòԻ֪ǰŵľǹĸս
ǡҹľս񡣡ϳ˾Կ˵
ʲô쵰ôĵӣҹĹȣߣסӢ֮ڶɵۼǿ߱Ǹӿٵžλóȥ
֮ڣɵۼǿ߿ɲ٣һٶλ֮ࡣΪƬΪǿĹңɵۼǿȫнӽλ֮ࡣ
һҲɿԪҪԪµöࡣԪУԪռɵۣҲͶ˶ѡһɵۣв˵ӡ
ʵҲԪһֱִɵۼǿ϶ҪԪöࡣԪ֣鶼ɵۣµԪ¿ʼ
ӢʦڵĻӭҡһ£һˡԸӦϰٵɵϢӽҲҶͣ
ʵǿϰɵΧҲ֧Ų˶ʱ䡣ϾûﵽԪϵļ
֮󣬾Ա˲뿪׼£һҪߣӢֹˡǵֽ֮󣬾Ѿͨ˲ֶ뿪ˡ
ģˡӢݺݵĻȭͷ
¡ͻȻһֵһɵۼǿڸսʬԱߣɫѿĿǾֵɫ
оŸսʬ塣
£⡭Ǹս񣡡ɵۼǿߣдŲţϸ鿴ҿôʬ嶼ǹĸս
˵ʲôӢ۾Բ͹ܶ࣬ɵۼǿߺ͸սʬ塣
ǰԶ˵ˣǽսˣӢҲ˾ԵĻΣҲû뵽Ǿǰŵľս񸲺ɵۡ
ˣӢһ»һգ˲Ϣ˸սĽ


2951 ƻԪ
ӢŸսʬ壬ϵı鼫ȹ졣
ȻȷԼ۾ģս񸲺ɵۡ
ǡսô
ӹɳϰɵۼǿߣ˽һĿڸսϣֱ
һ̣žˡ
ܣӢЩ˻
սʵҪ΢ǿһЩǿߣôᱻɱ
£սǸͻģǸĻ쵰ս͵ǹ
սսҽʱ򣬻ǴѶصˡʱڣһʱ
һʱʱ䣬ս͡
ô£
ž֮ȺԵЩӡǣٲԸŸս䣬ҲòԡΪսʬǰǸҹսͻġ
ʵʱ򣬴˶ʲô飬ǺԵģǾɱǹĸս񡣾ڹڲɺϣ͵ˣһֱڵȸս񡣷ôܻôɵ飿
ڿƽһЩӢŤҲָƽȻÿ¡
Ǹԣ֮ǿ𣿡ӢëȻ
£ǵģս񣬶һ󳼵
£ľӣռƻҹ𣿡һŵʵ
ڹǼ˶ǿţԭƻǴ㸲ս̳ġǸսǻˣȴһʬ塣
£Ӳͳˡ̬ѾǵƿأǵһȣǸĲȷءһ˵
ӢĬһᣬİڰ֡
ʱ޲ҹΪƽأ޲ýǾʬΡǣ¡սǾԵʵԹһһԷһԪϴڣ;ԲˡȻԷǻԪϵĿԲ󣬵˭Ҳ˵ûֿܣڸսڶԷһ¡

˲·صҹڣص
ûȻԼս񸮣ֱӽʹ͛V¡
սˣ͛Vԣ΢΢ɳһ
ս뿪˰ʱ䣬Ȼ֮ǰ˵ǿܻ뿪һµʱ䣬뿪͛Vһֿĸоּս̤ʵһЩ
ţոջԶԼ͛Vͷ
սȥ͛Vʵ
ս뿪ҹ£ܿҲʱսȥʲô
ȥһ˹Կż͛Vʵȷʵǿ󣬹ڣϰɵۼǿߡУͳ˧Ǹɵۡ
ʲô㡭ȥ˹͛V仰òᣬĿŵĶžԡ
ĵģ
Ĺһս񱻷̶֣Χô죿
²صģⲻǻ𣿡ЦЦ˵룬ľӣʱῪˡ
͛VһûϾԵ˼·
ô˵ȥ˹Ĺȣһ仰ͱ˹ľʱˡѵսӢĳֽףǣҲ̫ܣøʲôĴۣŻӢıȡҹļƻأ
͛Vžԣѵսó൱ıӢף
£ĸսӢӦòҶʱڶҹսˡԵ
ս˵ʲôսô͛Vھǰƺ˼άͲôˣ߿˵ھǰѾУʶľͻȾԸֱȷĴ𰸡
ʵֻҪԼת˼һ£Ҳͻ׾Ϊλ˵սѾˡ
£սɱģεЦЦԼ͛V
͛Vɴ۾žԣЩ١
£Ҫ콫սһɱϢųȥȻսѾһɱȻǿӢпڿһʱ󣬼ֶҹսԣҪ̽սһɱϢųȥҹƬĸγɸߵӰҲɸѹǸӲ˵
ԣԣҪ̽Ϣųȥ͛Vʱ뾰սôɱսġ

սϢں̵ܶʱڣͨҹٷɢ˳ȥƬĶʮңѸٵĵõϢ


2952 ǧ֮
ϢúͻȻ
ڴϢ֮ǰƬڹң֪ҹսĴѾᣬֻŹս񸲺ɵ۴緵أῪҹ
սһϢ֮йҾ𶯡֮ǰ֣ۡ̽һȫʧһҵس壬·ʧȥʼȻɺͲţսôܻ
һϢӹȡ̹ҹļƻȻû˵սͻȻȡ˹ҹûԭȻǲܵġ
һʱķͺͲ֤ս񱻾սɱǵõ˰ٷְٵȷϡˣҹսƬﵽ۷塣ս񣬱ΪƬǿߣ˵սǻԪϲεǿߡ
ҹչһҵ̸Сһ̸Уɲ֮ǰ߸ϣǰһΣӢֻҹһ˹һ־Ըӵ̬ȡһΣǲཫҹ˶Եȵλϣ˫չһƽȵ̸С
̸еĽǣҹ֧һԴΪ⳥ǰҹȹҷսʱܵĶʱ⳥Դ١
ʵϣԴͲں֮ԹҪһ⳥Ҫԭ⡣˹͸ս£ĺˡȻģǵȻҹ;ս񱨸Ŀǰľ˵ĹҲǷǳ
ֻǶһ΢Ǹ˵˵Լɱ˹ȷʵЩ嶯ˣ˹Լ͛Vȣ˹ΪƽԸԸóһЩԴ⳥˹ļˡ
ˣҹ͹֮ˣʱĸһ䡣
ͨ˴¼ҹӰǵõ˷Ծ˵ƬȵӰЩңǽҹŵԵȵλϡ

ʱţǧʱ䣬þ߾
ԲϵĲڵ򣬾ǧĲ⣬ԺڵƿأҲǴﵽɵۼٽ㡣һͻƣԱԼںڵ·ϣΪɵۡ
ǧʱҹǿߣвҲȡԵĽǼ͛Vͳ˧ȵȣЩͨĦڵĶʵһ
Ȼˣ͛Vҹӵл£طǳСġУ֪л޵ģʮˡɵۼǿߣҲÿһ֪лʬġ͛VСĴҲȷľϢȥǻҹѡ
ʬ壬пԪϴġ
һҹ䣬սڼ͸ڵȡͻơ
͛Vĵ˾Ես񸮡ܼң͛V˾սԷ
£ôԹˣʲô£ɸ˻ֱӴѶҾˡԿ͛V΢΢˹
Ҳߵģһֱڻʹڣơ͛V˵䣬ߵһԾϤˡ
ҡҡͷλ͛VҲûӡ
սǡóˡ͛Vº󣬿ԣ˵
ţһս񣿡
ԣսλʼˡ˴λĵص㣬ڷ۹͛Vͷ˵
۹ǻԪǿĹ֮һ۹ڣлԪϼǿߣҲһжλԪϼɵۣ˺ѵ֪֮۹ѹԪ
˵ҹˣǹǿң뷨۹ȣҲ֮µ
ԪУܹ뷨۹ȵĵ۹һ۹뷨۹ΪԪߴ۹
˵սʵҲߴ۹ָĶսĽƷ󲿷֣Ҳߴ۹óġнƷ֮У߰˳ңߴ۹ʣµɣڰԪռǿĹңóһЩΪսƷûʸġ仰˵Ϊս׽ƷǶҪһʸ
սλĵص㣬һ㶼ߴ۹֮Уÿһսλһңǩ
£ʲôʱĿоڴսλˡ
սλڰԪڵľԣֻƬƬ򣬿ܾû֪˭ˡƬ򣬷Ԫֻ깶ѡ
·;ңԶǵǰ׼һº⼸վͶ͛VҲǻڴ˵


2953 ۹
͛Vһµ򽻸ͳ˧ܡͳ˧ڣתʲô⡣
֮󣬼͛V뾰ս뿪ҹããԪ˲ƶȥ
һʱ䣬Ժͼ͛V˲ƳҹڵƬ򣬽뵽ΪĻԪռ䡣
ߡž򲨶档Ԫо֮ĻԪռǳơ
ҹȹڵĵʵ൱ԪֻǣԪֻо򣬶Ԫ֮Ĵ½ȴࡣҹȹڵĵǿͷȽСĴ½Щǿ۹ڵĵΪӴ󣬺بڻԪռжȽĿ
Ժͼ͛VˣڻԪռ˲ٶ꣬ǵִһƬԾӯĵ
սǵˣǷ۹ˡ̤һƬأ͛VԾ˵
˳ͷƬ̺ԾջԼԷ֣ƬأǱԪһҪöࡣֻܸǴ½һ֡Ƭ֮ϣкܶط޷͸ȥġþԳԾģЩ͸ĵطƺӦ˸ǿһָΪصʶ뵽˼͛Vᵽһֽı
ԪȷʵǱԪصöࡣ
£ƬӴ󣬿ɱҹڵĵöࡣ˷۹Щңʵ
սƬĵ򣬶Ƿ۹ĵ̡۹ôԼ֮ࣿ͛Vҡͷ
ﶼǷ۹ĵ̣ǹ󣡡˿զ˵
ΪܸȫԾҲȷƬ½ױԪ٣ԿȷҲƬ½󡣶˾޴һƬ򣬾ȻǷ۹Ľ
򷨳۹Ĺ˲ƶȥʵ̫ˣǿи·ǲ֪Ҫɶꡣ
˲ƹУҲ˲ƵɵۼǿߡȻܼԷܸӦϢ
۹ʱ򣬾Ժͼ͛Vֹͣ˲ơΪͲܼʩչ˲ˡǰһͨصĹâϣ˲޷СâϣȻǷ۹ŪģĿľֹԡ͛V߼ǰ˲ơ
ϵһص㣬һ֧۹ľӡܶ࣬ҲһǧңȻʮ֮һҵԱɵۼǿߡԺͼ͛V֮ΪǷ۹ľӣΪЩϴͬʽףз۹ı־
֧۹ľ߹ȥ
ʵϣв˶ǸصȥЩˣɵۼǿߡ
սЩӦһҪμսλġ͛VԾ˵
ţǲ١Եͷ
⻹ֻһ·ģսλδʼսλʽʼ֮ǰڶҵԱǰμӡ
λԺͼ͛Vӽһ۹׵ɵǰʵ
ҹ͛Vλҹսԡǣμսλġ͛V棬Է档
͛VԼ;Եݣͬʱ߶ԷҹڻԪռλáɵóһ⾧лԪռҵϸϢھҵҹԿڴ˲֮£ͶųһӰӣǼ͛Vģ
ţȷϣ۹ӭλĵɵ򣬶Լ͛V;ս˹˽âϡ
۹ƺлԪռйҵϢĻ֮󣬾Կ˵
ǰ۹ͬЩϢġǵǿ󣬲ܹġ͛V˵
һ죬ҹҲǿ󡣡۾˵
ôܡ͛VǷϣʧЦ˵иεĿҲá
Ҫģսȡһϸߵ˵
սμսλҹ϶͛͡VתĿԣ˵ҹѾܶûвμսλˡ
Щ۹ǿһǵսӦöǻԪϼĴڰɣʼ͛VԻԪ֮£ǲ¶ԷҪԻԪϼǿߣǾҲΪ
ԼںڵϣﵽɵۼԪϲεǿ߶һֻǣҲȷԼںڵϵľ磬ʲôʱܹͻƵɵۼܺܿͻƣҲܻٹǧ꼸ꡣ
ǵģսλУܻԪϼǿߡ͛V˵ͷ


2954 רó
˵κβμսλս񣬶пԪϼĴڣǵһսҲиġ
ȻˣԪϼĴڱϾǼھͿԼλԪϾԵ̫ˡ
ǰڵλԪϿԺܵ͡κһٰսλĵ۹Ϊ췽Ƕ취ûԪϼǿ߲̫硣Ҳϵ޴档͛V漴˵
˵֮У˵ڶ֤㡣֮ǰڹâ֤֮㣬ֻǵһѡһеڶ
ڶ֤֤һһǷ۹ɵսʿȷϹ͛VϢ󣬱͛V;ս롣һΣԵõһöƣǲμսλƾ֤
ͨڶ֤󲻾ãԺͼ͛VͿһبǰĳС
Ƿ۹ĹǰĳУЩɻΪУеĴ󣬹ģϿ˵̫С˵㡣
۹ĻԪȣĹӦ÷ǳ޴
սڿĲǷ۹ǽλĳء͛VЦŽ͡
λأ۾սλأӴ󣿡
ǰԾһУ˵Ƿ۹ĹȻ˾СһЩ˵ֻսλĳأɾ̫޴һЩ
ţڻԪߴ۹ĳأרھٰսλ͛Vͷ˵ƽʱûжԱסģֻھλʱ򣬲Ż쳣֡
ɲǲμλսԽ룬۹ڣҲǿԽġÿλٰʱƵĳؾͻǳķ֡͛VԾԽ͡
Ϊβطڹ֮أʵ
ӦҰɣսλڼ䣬ǿ߾ۼٰвԪϼǿߡһӣǾͿɺܴΣٰҲ㽫طڹڡ͛V
ţҲǣרһλȷʵʡĺܶࡣԵ˵ͷ
Уܿһ۹׵սʿӭսʿߵľס۹ǰμսλսṩרŵķᣬعҵĹҲˡṩķᣬһĽΪ
ЩᲢסҪеסеǼǣ֮ſס
սˡʹһӰɣ͛Vɫ΢΢Ծ˵
ţһӣΪʲôʶʵ
Ϊ˽ʡԴЩӣɲǰ׸סģҪһʲƷõġÿһӶֻܴˣûġ͛V˵
⡭ҪշѣȷʵΪЩᶼѵġ
ȻҪշѵˣٰսλҲҪɱ͛V˾һۡ
ŶðɡԵͷ
ھסǼϢססķãȷʵͣԶԶﲻɵۼǿ߸ĵز˵Ǽ͛VһҹˡȻ͛V뾰סһӣҪԭԲΪ˽ʡ֧
˽ס޷ú󣬾ż͛VҲٶ˵ʲô
ԪУԴҲԪҲȽƣֻԴֲһɵۡʹõĻԴ׾ʯҲ޵߳õԴֵͦߡң׾ʯߵҲԵЧ⵹ǱԪеĻԴԽöࡣ
ˣսͼ͛Vһסȴսλʼ
ÿһսλڼ䣬ۼԪǿߡԣȻγ˷ǳӴҸ߶˵Ľڽ򵽼亱һЩԴһЩ˵еıﶼܳ֡ȻˣԽǺĶԽǰ󡣱ıƽʱܼսλٰ֮صĽҲ֡͛VԾ˵
ǵֵÿ˵
ȻԾԼЩԴѾûʲô󣬵ⰵԪкܶණǾҲ˽ġȻжԾܹṩ޴ı
ţμսλߣڽһЩ
öܶ࣬Щ㾡Ҳġ͛V˵ʱҲǷĽйٺöɾ
ú׾ʯЩ𣿡ʵ
һ㶼ú׾ʯ򣬲Э̺ãҲƷһҫʯͨõģû˻ܾ׾ʯ͛Vͷ


2955 ʲô취
׾ʯǰԪͦĻˣߴ۹Ҳ֧ú׾ʯΪԴｻ׵Ľ㵥λ
Щǿɵۣ˵ԪϴڣжԺ׾ʯܲ࣬һҲᴢܶ׾ʯΪܶʱ򣬾ǻԪϴڣҲҪһЩԼҪԼߵҪıȻҲںܴı׶ˣǼֵԵȺȽ鷳뷱ˣֱӶú׾ʯ㡣
ҲǣҲóһЩҪıȡ׾ʯԶԼ͛V
ˣҲвٺ׾ʯԶ˵ͻȻԼҲк׾ʯ
ϵĺ׾ʯڱɱλս
֮ǰɱĴݹʩսȵԱЩϵԴҹɨսˣԾеĺ׾ʯ϶ڸս
ǴӹսϵõģˡԽռĺ׾ʯ˳
ɨԼмöӡ
λɵۣ͛Vžóĺ׾ʯҡͷ˵
Ҳǣɵɵۣ־ߣĿ϶󡣡͛VԼ˵
ɵۣΪһʵǳǿɵֻۣö׾ʯȷʵǺˡԪڣܶͨɵۣ׾ʯʮ׾ʯ
£жٺ׾ʯʵ
μսλҲ׼ġҽڵĺ׾ʯ֮һǣǧ׾ʯ͛Vϵһռֻ˵
ǧ׾ʯƺܶˡԵ
࣬һ㶼ࡣǧ׾ʯ򲻵ıս񣬵ȥ֪ˣֵ׾ʯıܼ١͛Vž˵
ôҲЩզࡣ
͛VôҲһҵĹԼĺ׾ʯټϹ֮ĺ׾ʯһŴԼǧ׾ʯĽУȻвټֵ׾ʯıǵףıҪ֪ҹһʱǻ˴棬ûЩ棬ҹڵĺ׾ʯֻ¸һЩ
һ۱ٺ׾ʯĿʡ
۱͛V΢΢۱ļ۸˵һЩ۱䰺Ҳ۵ġ˵ĵ۱Ҳͼ׾ʯͿ򵽡ĵ۱ֵ׾ʯ
͛V仰þĿɿڴ
Ԫڣһ۱ļֵޱȾˡңܶʱ򲻵
ת֮󣬾ҲˡԪе۱ΪԪɵۼǿϡ٣ԪҲôһɵۣ۱ȻҲͷǳϡȱˡⰵԪɵ̫ˣ۱ȻҲͶˡңԪսϣɵۼǿߵ䶼Ƶõ۱Ըԣͨĵ۱ȻҲͲֵ̫Ǯˡ
ǻԪ챦ļֵأԶһµ
Ԫ챦ǿɾ͹ˡͨĻԪ챦Ҳüֵǧ׾ʯһЩĻԪ챦ں׾ʯѰ
Ԫ챦ǿĶѰɵۣûлõĶ͛Vҡҡͷ
ԪУԪ챦һ͵۱ֵǲġڰԪȴʮǧͨĻԪ챦ֵǧ׾ʯ
ʵҲԪڣΪɵϡ٣Ԫռ仹кܶطû̽Ϲżв١ЩϹż֮УֻԪ챦ȵƷĸԺܴ󡣿ڰԪԪδȻҲ̫ܴʲôϹżˣټɵܶ࣬ɵȥŪԪ챦
Ԫ챦ȻôֵǮǸЦݵ£мԪ챦ʵڲУóһ
͛Vſڡ
սôлԪ챦ģ͛V̲סʵûȾԻشԼ˵Ҳǣ֮ӵĻ޶УлԪ챦ƺҲϡ档
ս񣬻Ԫ챦㲻ǾͺͻһÿһԪ챦Ȳ˵ڹͷ̺ĻԪأֵ޷Բ򲻵ѣǧҪκһԪ챦͛VԾ˵
ţסԵͷ
£ûа취׬ȡ׾ʯλأۼôǿߣ˽֮⣬ӦҲ׾ʯԾĵطɣתʵ
Եѯʣ͛Vü˼Ƭ̡
ٴ̧Ŀ˵ȷʵһ취ܹ׬ȡ׾ʯһЩ鷳δܳɹ
Ŷʲô취Ȼʵ
׬ȡ׾ʯ鷳ʲôؼǣ׬ȡĺ׾ʯ̫٣ǾҲûʲôȤˡ


2956 ϵ
Եż͛Vϸ˵һ˵β׬ȡĺ׾ʯ
սҲˣսλʼһʱ䣬Ѿۼôǿߡȵսλʼʱۼǿڸ࣬һд۹ĹԴԴϽѰ׬ȡ׾ʯĻᡣ͛V˵
ţȷʵˣλĳڣѾˡԵͷ
ΪۼԪڶǿߵĻᣬԾٰλĵ۹ôܻ׬ȡƸĻ᣿׬ȡŻķܶ࣬һ־Ǳûгɱ͛VַǿׯѺע
Աˡ
ׯѺעȷʵһģֹϵ⣬ƺκεطȱ١Сһ򣬴һȣȱðվһҹѺעߡ
£ҲȥѺעȻ֪͛V˵ľǶĳԻüΪΪѺעߵĻǷʵ̫ˣһҹҲϱ
սֱȥѺעĻ̫ңҲϲͨķʽ͛Vҡͷҵ˼ǣǿԲȥѺעĲ룡
ȥѺע𣿡Щ۹ׯңǻͬɣ
սҪ֪Ԫǿĵ۹ɲֻз۹۹뷨۹൱۹ԶʳǲġԷ۹ׯ۹ǲ÷۹Լġ۹ֱӲ룬ԪлһЩڵ۹ǿҲлֱӲġ
۹ׯ۹һЩǿṩ̿ڡ򵥵˵ṩս񡣵۹ṩսһЩЩǿṩսһЩ
սҲǵĻᡣЩ۹϶ǲȱֵģǵѡ̫ˡǿȴδҵ㹻ĺսǿһӵ̿Ǻ͛Vžԣ
ˣµ˼˵һׯṩ̿ڡõ棬Ƽǵ䣿񽥽Ҳ
ˣֻǡһǾսٵΣҲܻӡһΪѺעĶΪǰǣ̫ˣһЩΪӮȡעиһЩҲǲɱ顣͛V˵
û⣬Ȼ;ץס˷ˣ
£һЦЦ
Ҳһѵ㣬ӵ̿ҵģ϶кܶˡЩҲڶǺս񡣡͛VüҲ˵ְ취һеͨ
սϵһ£ûܰﵽǡ͛Vת˵
ãԵͷ
͛VҲûбžԣȡԼĴѶһЩ硣͛VȻֻССҹĹҲսμӹܶսλҹֻλûвμӣǰҹҲսġټϼ͛VòЩǿȴ򽻵ʱ򣬶ҲһЩơ
һϵ֮󣬼͛VҵһĹ塣
ҲǻԪռڼǿĹҡȻȲߴ۹ҲǻԪһϵĹȣʷߴ۹еҪƾáʵҲǽߴ۹
͛V壬ǰ˴Դ˴ϵҲǱȽ˳ȻҲ򷨳۹ׯṩ̿ġ
սȥڣӰͦġ͛VԾ˵
ǿĹңμսλǲֻйսĹң϶һȺ˹
õģˣҲ۹ˣԵ
ţˣñǻ硣ҲǱȻ飬һֻǵλʼͿԡּǿĹңǻ絽ΪǲҪμսλкܶйء͛V˵
ˣסĵط뾰ԡ͛VһƬЩ۹ǿˣרŵľԺͼ͛VסƬͨʹõġ
͛VžԣһƬΪݻµľסƬ򣬾ֱз۹սʿĵˣƬ򶼽ȥ
͛VδòˡԼ͛VкλòӢ˵ʱһε׺źʡ


2957 Ĺ
λĵԼ͛V
ҹս񡣡͛VԵܾԵݡ
ǿԣԾԵ˵ͷϴ΢Ц
λкأʵ
֮ǰѶʱ򣬼͛VûжԵ˵£Ե֪͛VϣƼս
عм̿͛Vʵ
ʱ򣬵۾һ£һ͛V֪͛Vʲôˡ
ڱսλУʮ̿ṩǶģֻǼ۹ǻ֮̿һ΢Ц˵͛VͻȻĪ̿ѡϺ
ţҺϣ͛Vͷ
ѡҲûлȨԾġҡҡͷһĽӡ
֪ģҲΪѵֻϣܰһ£Һ;սĹ͛V˵
⡭¶ɫ
һѣذæ͛Vûȵܾ㽫һ͵˶ԷС
ӹ̱͸봢͛VͳȥڣʢŵǺ׾ʯʮöͨɵ˵ⶼһȽϴˣͨɵۣ׾ʯֻûдﲻʮ֡
ȻǶĴ壬ԲһɵܱȵġˣʮҫʯҲˡ
Ȼڲ鿴ں׾ʯ֮ΪѵɫʧˣЦ»ָ˳ֱ㽫
͛V̫ˡı£ҿԾæǣ޷֤ı»Ӧĺ󡣵ֻܷܿıµ̸ˡԼ͛V˵
ȻֻҪæѾܸм͛VԵ˹֡
һԣҡҡͷտʼʱλӡͦõģڣֺӡ͵ˡȻҲΪ˼͛Vĺ׾ʯͶԵʲôС˼ҰæȡһЩͣҲǺ顣
λȷʵͣİ£Ժͼ͛V˳ľͼĹ
λĹҲһŮԣòͬǾɫ͛VȣλĹԵñȽȥͲǺܺ˵ӡ
Ĺҹ͛VĹҪԼ;ԡ
Ļδ˵꣬Ĺʹ˼͛VĹ˵ǵѾ֪ǵ⣬Ҳӵе֪ҿԸһᡣʱޣü̵ԣ˵ǵơҪңΪҪǡ
λĹȻǰԵ͸һӹɵζ
Ĺҹսʵǿһλɵۡսɽ֮ӡ͛V˵
͛Vû˵ɱޣΪܴܿ⡣˵ˣĹܿܲţԺȻкôĹˣͬ⣬ĹҪô죿һͷޣĶڣǸ͹Գֵ
ȥ֮ӣֳʵˡһɵۣûִ֮ӡ
ĹתĿԣûʲô仯žʱͻȻվϣһɺ嫵򲨶ӿžԾ׼ޱȵѹ˹ȥ
վԭûжȻоĹͷųѹûжܣҲûзĹѹھϵʱ򣬾˿վɫûʲô仯
Ĺ˵ѹ˵ͷ
ʵȷʵǿһ̿ҲԡĹͷϿ˾սʵֻĻԾսû˿ء
͛VԸҹһ̿ΪܱѺעĶ󡣶ҹɵõھ׬ȡԴеһɡĹ˵
һɣ͛VüĹҹֻһ̫ˡսʵǿһΪ׬Դġ
˵һɾһɣܸġھ׬ȡԴԽ࣬ҹҲֵܷࡣĹ˵
Ĺ˵һЩսַʽ̿зֵԴġԿڣĹһοڡ


2958 
ׯҷ۹ṩΪ̿ѡѺע߿ھԵѺעͨ۹пɻһⲿ󣬷۹һɣµⲿս
ڣĹ˼ǣǺֻܵõϻеһɡķֳɷݶȷʵ̫ˡ
͛V⣬ҲԸ⡣
˵û
ȷʵսԴӺֵһ棬㲻СĹžԡ
Ĺ𣿡ü
ûǸҪԸǩЭ顣Ը⣬ǿ㡣Ĺ⣬˵ͷֳɱɶ˵
վĹλϣȷʵûսͼ͛V¡
һСû˵Сѡһɷݶ棬ѾһֶˡԺͼ͛VҪ߷ֳɱеᷳӡԡ͛VûʸĹּۻۣԷֻҪԹԽܾͿˡ
ǺǡЦˡ
ԵȻоõĹָ߸ϸԼ̬
ȻǾûʲô˵ˡԷ
£߰ɡԶԼ͛V
š͛Vͷ͛VҲܲĹʵ̫Եˡ
ǲԸ⣿һ߳ţͲлˡǣٺúÿǿǣڡĹ˵
ˣûʸԺܼᶨ˵
͛Vȥ
£뿪󣬵˽ոսԺͼ͛VͳȥҲ֪ҹĺʧˡ
£ô͸һأ̫˰ɣü˵
˼͛Vʮ׾ʯΪҹ˵仰Ҳ
ǸоԵģʵƺɵۣҲѡˡ˵
Ĺŵ
Ƽ̿Աȱ˲ɣһҲʮеսѡѡϣ㻹ǲҪ˰ɣʱһĹ˽ЦһԵ˵
ǡ˵ʲô
ûʲôǵģ¸һɷݶѾǺܴĶˡǸԣڻԪռûƽʱᶼǡ¿ǸˣҪȻԱµݣ͛V;ԣֱĴ˵Ҫ˵Ļ
ҸоսʵͦǿģܸǴСĺôЩ˵
²Ҫ˵ˡˣѾܾңҲٸǻᡣڣǹǰҲı⡣Įı˵
ǣǲ֪ߵغĶܾҵҪǻһҺһλЦ

͛V;ԣԼľסȥɫ̫ÿ
ʧˣװʧʮ׾ʯ͛V̾˿
£һɵ̫ˣĹ̫ǿƣҲաǺǣʵǺϵ˵ʩǿܸ׼ȷһЩЦһ
ţԴҲ׼±Ͳһɵġ͛VЩʮ׾ʯȷʵҲ׼
ǻ̿ģֲֻһҡλʼвʱ䣬ǻܳԽӴ͛VЦЦ˵
λ
ʱһ
Ժͼ͛VعһԼȻеľǶˡ
ҹļ͛V;սɣϴЦʵ
ûǣ͛VѯʶԷ
ǲԷԼݡ
ǻԪռ䶥֮һֻǣںܾǰһξ޴ıʣǴαʵ²ʱĹɣǿ䣬⵼²ȵıˡĲȻǿ۷ʱȲ˺ܶࡣ
ԭ͛Vλ˹֡
֪סкηԸ͛V˵
͛Vˡģ֪λոռĹսƺҪһ̿ûйĨǣֱ˵
ϢͨȻ֪ǼĿⶢŶԷ
Ҳ̸Ϣͨɣֻǣѣ˵¡λƺûһ£λǲ̸һ̸΢Ц˵
Ժͼ͛Vһۡ


2959 ĳ
Ȼں֮УԵֳӦò̫͡
Ψһ⣬ǲĹ˥˵ɲ˳̿δ̫ѺעѺעˣ׬ȡȻҲ͵ˡ
̿Ӧòɣ͛V
Խǿ̿ҲԽࡣʮ̿̿Խ࣬ԵջȻҲԽ
λֻ̿ඥ֮У̿ڵɣͷЩεĵ
Ȼôг⣬ǲ̸һ̸ܴܲɺ̸һ̸ܲǻ¡Ц
ãҴλȥĹ̾ϲõ˵
ΪԪռ䶥Ȼ˥˺ܶ࣬Ȼܹ֮СԣˣͬǾסڷ۹רõĸ߼һ˴۹ԱҲв١
Ժͼ͛Vһڣ˵Ƭ̣Ĺٱ˳
£λҹļ͛Vλҹľս񡣡ٹһ¾Զ˵ݡ
ٹ͛V;ԶԺٹ˹֡
ӭλĵλٹĶԾԶ˵
λٹ̬ȣɱλĹ˰ٱͬΪĹ֮󡣲˥˺ܶ಻٣ϾҲǻԪĹҡڲڣͬлԪϼĴڡ
͛Vս񡣡
λԭضλѾˡҲͲȦˣֻҪսͬҲôսɵõӦ̿еɷݶٹֱӾ˵Ǹɴ
ɷݶ
һǳߵķֳɱˣսȷʵиߴɷֳɵӣһ㶼ǻԪռսûʲôսСңһ㲻ܻɵķֳɣ֮ǰԵӡ
Ժͼ͛V΢΢ЩݡӦûһķֳɱҲûиߴɵı
͛VսɵķֳɣѾ߱ˡ£κһܸս񳬹ɷֳɵıսڻԪռŷǳҲ߳ɡٹ˵
Ըսɵķֳɱǵĺ⡣
ԭҲ¼ҳҿֱӸ߶λΪ˥ˣѾ䵽ֻ̿ˡ̿Ҳû̫ѡءʱ䣬һֱɫǵ̿սѡ˳ҪôԷʵҪôԷǲ̿ڡ
Ѿ˵λ֮ǰȥĹĹѾͬþսΪ̿ѡ֮һֻΪսķֳ̫ͣԾսܾˡ룬սӦŽǿʵĹԸսһ
ٹԾԺͼ͛V˵
ΪԵõϿɣԲþսʵӦýǿ̸¡
ǣȷʵܵ˲ĳ⡣Կڣźٹ
ȷϣͬ벨ǷԼʵ
ֻϣսܹÿһսȫԸȡʤûκθٹЦЦ˵
ʵսȫصʲôı˵ʵҲʵûʲôð취ˡǲȻսλѺעȡúһĳɼһսλѺע̣ǲ̿ûˡٹ̾һ
Ŷ̿ڵı֣Ӱ쵽һλӦ̿ЩĿźٹ
Ǽ򵥵Ӱ죬ǾԵء̿ڱԽãôһλ̿ͻԽ࣬ǹ򡣶ңһ̿ڱԽãҲо޴ȻˣͬٵĴ̿սٹͷ
˵ȫΪβżѰҿԺ̿սٹԼ˵ģΪ˥ˣû̫ѡĶ󡣺սȷʵңܲҵʵǿĺսһЩսһץһѡֻһɵֳɱҲкܶսԸһܹ̿ڳɼսѶȾʹˣΪ˼һῼ̿ڹעȵ⡣


2960 ʮ
ٹԾԺͼ͛VϲһԶ˴ĵԸ벨
Ȼ˥һЩԸɵķֳɱܸԵĴ
ԣûʲô谭˫Ǵ˺Э顣
սھȥѺעеǼȷ̿ݣļǩ֮󣬺ٹ̾ͶԾ˵
ãԵû㽫ʵҲ㰲ġ
ҲǩЭ֮󣬲Ҫ̿ύѺעѺעȻǷ۹ٷĻ̿ύУսҲҪԵѺעԱԾԵݽȷϡһ֮󣬾ս֣ͻ뵽ϵͳ֮УսλʼսԶΪһѺע̿ڡ
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ѺעսܸսʾȻôߣһ壿ѺվʤʾȻŴﵽһһģ
Ѻע˰ɣѺսʤô𣿡
ӦòѺʤ˶࣬ǸѺ˾޴ĶȣľսʤǹģҲ֪˭ɵġ
ѵõĺûᣬҵץȥѺעһᣬѺעսʧܵʾͲôˡ
Ѻעڣ˲кܶĿע˾ս̿ʵı仯˶Ѻע̨˹ȥ򡢼ʮĶעϵȥսܵʣ֮ܿٴνһ£սʤ𽥵ߡ
ΪѺעһ淢þս̿ڣȶȾǳ˲нϴս̿ڡ


2966 Զ
һʱȥս̿Ͷע㳬һö׾ʯѺע̿аϣսҲǽǰʮ֮С
Ѻעս񷢲Ĺ棬ǾԲ֮ߵͶע£ս̿ڵͶעӦǵ׵ģи׾ʯͶעͲˡڣͶע㳬һö׾ʯ
ΪѺע˶ˣԾս̿ڹעȻҲͶˡ
峿Ժͼ͛Vٴ󶷳ڣĴ󶷳ɾͷǳˣɽ˺ԴԴϵ˳ӿ롣Ժͼ͛V󶷳󣬰ձҵԼλáΪ󶷳˺٣Դҿ͵ðձѰԼλˡ۹Ĺ񣬻˴ǮƱ󶷳ս
󶷳ϯ֮ȴ˱̨֮ϡ
죬û˵λιֱߵ̨ıԵ󶷳
Ұιڴ󶷳Ͽջص
󶷳ԭӵƽ
λսλսеһֶսڣвս㳡ιص촫
͛V˸кٴν㳡
вսȫ뵽㳡֮ϡ
ιսֵֺλս񣬵̨
ι֮սǷ̨ˣ̨ͣƬ̣ι֤ǵݡţâǴӴ󶷳Ͽսÿһâһսϡ
˶âֵսӰ֮ʧ̨һ̣Ǿͳ˴󶷳Ͽգ˶
ԿſеӰ
Ȼ͛V˵սս񣬽һĿռжսһռսᲨռ֮⡣սˣܹǶռڶս龰԰ͷ
͛VͶԾԽλľΡÿһսһռС󶷳ϿգڴĶռ䣬ռռ֮䣬໥šܹܼĴ֮Ķռ䣬ǾԶ÷ǳֲġ
һλսռ䣬ǿɶսˡιֺڶսս֡һһڶսսҲȷɵ̨ϣȻâ٣Ǵ͵󶷳ϿյĶռ䡣
顢顭飡
һս񣬲ϵĽ󶷳ռ佻֡ÿһս˳Ҳȫǰգڴ󶷳ϹʾĶս˳Ծ֪ԼսӦǵپʮ顣
ιٶȺܿ죬һսӹ㳡̨ٵռ䣬Ե÷ǳݡ
ιʮսԱֵʱǴ󶷳ϿնռУһսսֳʤʤһȷռսսᱻͳʤս񣬽һֶս֮СʧܵսǱ̭Ȼˣ̭սҲսֻο϶ڰ񵥵ĺһ֮ˡ
սİһбȽϼ򵥣Ǹݸսһսλеξ
ʱ仺š
棬ڶپʮľսս񣬵̨ιУ˾Ժ֡
ˣһ΢Ƿ̨
ȺһߣսҲͬʱɳˣͬʱ䵽̨֮ϡ
ιɨսս񣬲˵ݡȷû֮˵ͷͷ󣬴󶷳ϿգһȻһ̱ǽսս񣬴͵˴󶷳Ͽһռڡ
ٹǸս㲨̿еһɣ̨ϣһλ󹫾ϴЦݣڲԶĲٹ˵
ٹ˶Էһ۵ûսҲ֮̿һ
ǺǣҾͲ̫ףΪʲôһǿһЩսΪԼ̿أһֻ̿ڣǸӦ̿𣿺ٹľЩʰ̿ڣһ־ͱ̭ǿе㶪Ĵ󹫾ЦЦĵ
ѡһλսΪ̿ڣйϵ𣿡˶Էһ۵
ֻǺˣҲ̫ףΪλѡҹСս񡣡󹫾ЦŶ˵
Ĺ˵ʵҲþսΪ̿ѡģֻ˫ڷֳɱû̸ףûպĹƺҲϿɾս񣡡ٹתĿĹ


2967 
ٹ仰ĹǷһĨЦ
ĲҲֻʰһЩҪĶˡĹźٹϵı͸żֲм
ٹɫʱѿ˼֣Ĺ仰ȷʵЩˡ
˴θٹ۹ˣȫ¶õɫʵ߶뾰Ϊ̿ѡҲôͳһһЩ󳼣ֺ֧ٹľΪսķֳɱ̫ˣսͲֵǸۡ
һЩ󳼣ԼġǰǵȻɺٹ
ںöϧǲȻ֡һس˵
ǺǣöǾս𣿡Ц
֪ս̿Ͷעһö׾ʯĿһ˵
ǱߵˣϢ΢΢ĳһЩ仯ս̿Ͷעȷʵ벻ˣȻҲ֪¡
ǲˣһö׾ʯͶעȷʵ٣һֳ֣ǽɾ޷ٱѺעˡһ˶˵
ٹԵĵһֶ֣սսӦҲ֪ɣλɵ۵ʵɲǹ˵
仰ٹ˵Ŀ⣬ʶ󶷳Ͽաʱ򣬾սսѾڶռ䣬ԶĿӡ
ߵˣȷʵźĵġսĵһֶ֣ȷʵǱȽǿһɵۡλսڻԪռףͬʱսҪ֪ܶ̿ѡս񡣻Ԫռ֮ڣ۹ҲŶٶ̿ѡȴٸ֮ࡣ˵ÿһ̿ѡ뵽ϵս

Ǿսսڿռ䡣
㿪ʼɣ
Ѻ˾սܸսοܻ׬һʡ˵仰ˣڼ͛VѺע֮еѺעѺܵҲǱȽϸߵġ
ҲѺ˾Իܡ
ȷʵ׬һˣսôսĶ֡
Ҳ֪ʲôˣȻΪսսʤս񣬻Ѻעսʤ޴
սҲһͻܰɣûнǿʵܳΪ̿ѡ˳ֲͬ
ȻˣѺ˾ܣҲˣѺ˾Իʤɺ׹ľѺ˶ʮ׾ʯľԻʤ
һЩʵҲսĶ֡ܳΪ̿ѡǻҲǲʵҲˡò˶ãҪӶȥ˰ɣ˵Ц
ռ䣬սս
սܱѡУ˵Ҳеʵġ㲻ҵĶ֡ս񿪿ڣԾ˵
ΪսսԼʵǼŵġ
Ҿսĸˡǣ΢΢һЦ˵
αطɣ֪һҹĹңһƫԶ½СҡǿɵۣڻԪռ䣬ᷢ㻹ԶԣɣսԴ΢ҪͶ
Ԫռ䣬ȷʵкܶ˵ʵҾԸǿ󡣲ЩУȻս㡣Ի˵˵䣬ǽؽȡС
΢ٵʳ
սҡҡͷҲȡԼĵ۱
ս񣬽Уֳؽ廯Ϊһ⣬ս̹ȥ
ս֪ɵۣҲûйдʶģҪ⾰Խеĵ۱͵ӿͼǰĶ
ƣԸܵսͷųһȣؽصһ
սԵֻ赲գۼ䣬Ǳؽ俪ԵӰսӽ
ţսüͷ΢΢һ壬Եıٶȣ
Ȼ򵥣ѹܱѡΪ̿ѡսȫ֮ģ߶ɫ·ʱڿռڱŨ
ͬʱսҲԼ󳷣ͼٴ뾰֮ľ롣ʱ򣬾ȴԶӳһûʩչսͷŵһ⣬Ӳսûܺ󳷳ɹ
⣬̫˰ɣҵĹֱܣսҲûϵԻ˼ɵĳԼ
սסԸһ⣬Ŀ˳Կȥ


2968 սʤ
սȻһԵӰʩչг˳
ǿͣ
ôܣֱӳҵȻܰȻĳսЩ¡
սǰҲɵ۽֣ģǵһ
ս񣬽һԳ嵽սĽ
ΪűͷŵĽӰ쵽˺󳷣ԾԴսг󣬾սͺܽˡžһȣеؽܹս
սһ϶ʱֲΣе۱ҲǷųɫ·ҪסԵһ
飡ս壬һˡ
սֻһѪԵ̫ǿˣȻסһתȴǳɬԣɲʱһ󣬵ڶ̾͸ϡ
ɵɵ۵Ķսˡ
ΪͨɵۣܹɨͨĵɵۣΪɵ۱ɵ۽֮ǽܵȫѹơڳΪɵ֮ǰ߾зǳƣΪڳɾɵ֮ǰǵԻһЩֻͬҪСӦͿ߽֮ǰɱԷһɵ۲Σߵս˲õ˿ֲǿķбٶȣõǳµԵɵв
Ӷ֮սǵֵס屻Եؽ
ܵµѹȣսʶԼܷΪʤһˡȻģòܱܵʵ
ս䣬ͬʱõѶϢֹͣ˼󣬷۹Ա˾սսĶսǾսʤ
ôܣ

ģܣҵĺ׾ʯ
Ѻʮ׾ʯȫûˣ
֮󣬰һƬЩѺעԻܸսԱȫɥΪսʤɵģȴĽܶˣͷڵѪ
׳ʲô⣿սôܸǸԣ
ɶ񰡣ǾɵۣսڽֵʱΪβԷ룬ǵŶԷ
һЩɵۼ޷쵽սսֵľܶˣ֪ʵսҲ롣
Ⱥ֮У͛VޱȣþϸһĨÿĺɫ
˻ˡ
ȸ˾Ի˶֣ɹһ֡ΣͨһսܹѺעȡǧ׾ʯѺעʱ򣬾Իʤһ壬Ѻעһǧ׾ʯӮ˾ͿԵõǧ׾ʯ
ʤˣҾ֪սһԵġ͛Vת
̨ϣ
ˣˣʱֵǵɫѿˡ
ҹԣȻս
ʵϣھս֮ǰĹģҲþԵʤ㲻󡣾ԣҲλһΡû뵽ԾȻ塣
ˣϲüˡ
£ǻ棬սʵȻǿ󡣡ЦųԺٹ
ٹͷ˵Ҳøлô󷽣ǲû뾰ս
Ĺս񣬿ǽһˡٹĹ
ĹĬ
е˼ҹľսЩڲͬ˵ģһԪ۹ĵ⿴Ŷռڵսǡÿ˾սսһ
˾ԻսĹ̡
ҹһСҰɣУһ˿ڡ
ţСĹңһᡣս񣬵ǱȽǿɵۣǿᣬƺЩͬ΢磬иǿĳۿ˾սĵͷ˵
һСս񣬾Ȼ֮ǿԣ΢עһˡ۹Ҳ˵
£λսҲ̿ѡһ۹ĹһԵ
ŶЩĵһҵ̿ڣ
ǲ̿ѡǵ۹Ӧ
ں󷽵ĲٹԺٹ΢΢˵ͷٹæ΢΢
ǺǣһΣٹһͦõ̿ѡǾս̿ڵĵһսӦþòò̿ڻ֡Ц˵
ǰǾսһ̿ڣܶʤΣһλ̿ܻܿӡһλҲЦ˵


2969 Ҳûٰ
ռ䣬Իص͛Vࡣ
ʱڼ͛VܵȺٿԵĿǰɾʹһˡ
˵֮ǰǺСս񣬶ڣΪԻսом𣬼㾰սСս񣬵Ŀ˾սǿʵ
սû˰ɣ͛VųһӦԵϢ
û£һЩˡ԰ڰ˵ս̫ˣһʼͽ䱸ҽҲˣ
Сܵ˶
սΪԼУ˲صĴۡ͛V۾ͷ˵
Ⱥ˶ԻͷĵȻΪսвŵµĲҰܡսþսһսδ֪ǲ֪ǣǹô˵ģʵǣսӿʼȫԸҲǾԵĶ֡
ս˵ǽӽԪϣһģĸսԪϣ໹ͦġսʵս֣Ҳδؾһܸս
ʵСҵսҲʵȽǿɵۡѰɵۣûΪս
͛V˼䣬Ա£ۿ󶷳ϿյһսҪעǷЩԪϲεǿ߶սϡ
Ƭ̣ԱüЩԪǿߣս񲢲ҡ
ǰ漸ֶսԪϲǿ߲̫ġǣڱ̭֮УǵĶսʤΣǶֱӽվ͛V͵
ˣѹ֣ѺעЩԪǿߵ̿ڣѺע˲࣬ͶעҲȽСԻȻ˵
Ŀǰ˵Ѻעٸ̿ڣҲвǻԪϲǿߵġǣЩ̿ڵѹסȴԽϵ͡
Ƚ֮ЩԪǿߵ̿ڣŻô
ЩԪǿǰ̭֮вҲпģЩǿֹ߳УܷмֵϢ޷ӦԪǿߵ򲨶
ǵԲԼۿЩԪǿ߶սԼԺڵľˡԶԺڵգѾǼӽɵۼˣֻһѡ
࿴һЩԪǿߵĶսںڵϿɵۼһЩת

һֶսʱ䡣
вսнӽһ˱ֱӱ̭̭֡սҲбȽǿģս񣬵Ȼֻսһ֮ǣսλĹʵȽǿҲδȡúܺõΡ
սҪʵҪһЩս񣬾ȽϲģԣܽΪͨǰֵġ
λ
սλսιٶȿڡ
󶷳ڣ
սλһֶսΣѾȫһֶսսʤֵս񣬽ڶ֡ǵͳƣһǧٶʮս񣬳ɹһֶսιһ֡
ǽһʱڴ󶷳ƹʾսԼλڶֶսϢι˵ڣҿ볡ҲɵȵڶֶսϢʾ뿪ڶֶսʱ䣬ʮ֮󡣡
ι˵Щ֮󣬱㿪ʼһЩ˳ǩλڶֶս
Ժͼ͛Vһʱƹʾ뿪󶷳
͛Vս񡣡ĺٹһЩ߲̨˾Ժͼ͛VٹһϲɫĶ˴к
ٹԺͼ͛V
սһֶսɾͻ˶֡˵ʵս֮ǰҲǵġڿҵĵȫǶġٹڼ˵
ԱҲ˷ܵĿ⿴žԡ
ڶս֮ǰЩУвǲþԵģΪٹ¸սķֳɱ̫ˡڣǵ뷨͵ˡǻսһ㣬ֵòˡڲʵԸóɵķֳɱҲ뵽ǰЩս
Ҳǽҡǫ
սɲҪǫ顣Ц˵ս̿ڣһֵͶעǳһö׾ʯǹѺעӦܴ׬ȡһǧ׾ʯҲ˵з۹ȡɣʣµĶǵ󡣽̿һѺעУ˫Ϳɷֵǧ׾ʯ
ƺҲûٰҡҡͷ
仰ٹ˶˵ۣ⻹ࣿ


2970 ڶֶ
һսͻȡ󰡣
£׬ȡ׾ʯѣ
׾ʯʲôҪ֪һĵ۱Ҳʮ׾ʯõЩ˵ĵ۱żֵ׾ʯѡ
Ե˵һʺ׾ʯƺҲʱ򣬺ٹ˶Щ
͛V˵ڵһ־ս̿ͶעУעһǧ׾ʯľսʤͶעһǧ׾ʯˣǰɣٹ͛V
ôҲǶһЩϢģ֪ھսѺעһǧ׾ʯľսʤ
͛VЦŵ˵ͷ
˻ٹ˶¶֮ɫ
͛VͶעʱ򣬾սʤʤǶ٣ٹʵ
һ壡͛VӦ
͛V˵ʣٹ۾ɴˡ
ĸг̶ȣȻҹĹܹȣɼˣһӱ׬ǧ׾ʯҲٹ˾Щ˼顣
ɺ׹ľͿ׷սҲ͛V;Խ
͛Vս񣬹ϲˣľ˹ֵء
ľˡ͛VЦЦֿ׷ս׷սڵһֶսУǷˣ
ʧˣһ־ͱ̭ˡ׷սҡҡͷ
׷սڵһֶսУĶʵף׷սȻҲһЩʤĻᣬջǰܸ˶֡׷սľԴҲ׼μսսûһߡ΢һЩɵ۾ܽ΢ǿһЩսսҲǺ
ϧˡԵ
ҲûʲôϧģЩСңսλһֱ̭ġľЦ˵˵ҲûջھսͶעһӮˡ
ľҲôİЦ
͛Vλǣٹʵ
ٹλǷɺ׹ľλǷɺ׹ս׷塣ɺ׹ҹһƬ½͛Vܵ
ٹľԺٹ֡
ľؿǻ棬Ͷעսʤһ˿ɲҡٹҶڣûͶעսʤҪȻҲҲܶ׬һʺ׾ʯ
лᣬսҪμӵڶ̭սΣһѺעսʤľ˫ĿŹ
ɱżȿҵڶֶսеĶְɣ԰ڰֵ
֮Уڴ󶷳ϣڶֶսбʾˡڶֶսĲμɾٶˡȻǧλս񣬵ȵһֵʱϵϡ˺ܶࡣ
Ժܿ죬ҵԼ֣ҲԼڶֶսҪԵĶ֡
սڶֵĶ֣ǹͮս񣡡ٹϢһ˵
ͼĹͮս񡣡üһ䡣
͛VҲࡣ
λͮսʵǿʵ
սͮսʵǼǿģҲɵۡٹЦ˵ô˵ֱһ֪ʵжǿˡһսλУһʮǰˡ
Ҳ۾һȷʵǷǳǿȻܹսǰ
ңһսλУǶ̿ѡٹ˵
ҲǶ֮һڶ֮Уεӣһսλ̿ģȲһ
ǹͮսܹΪ̿ѡ֪ʵضǿ
սڶֶս鷳ˡٹ̾Ϣһ
һȫԸġԵͷ˵
սڵһֶս˺ܶ࣬ҲǲĹעȶ١һ󳼿˵
˵֮䣬Ӱӽ
ԵתĿȥļʹ󳼡
ٹǲеˣսڶֶǹͮսһ˰ɣΪһЦԺٹ
ǹʲôٹü
ǹʺٹҲҶһ۾ЦʵٹԾսǷʧȥģûУһΣ
ЦʲôҲҶԶģҪģҲĹңٹЦһŶԷ˵
ٹƺЩ˰ǹȴǲΪ⣬Ц˵
ٹʲôݣĵģԿ˵ģҵ㡣˵˵ɣôġ
Կ⼸Ա


2971 
⼸ʹԵĻ໥֮
ֻ¾սĲ𣡡ΪĿ⿴ԣĹֽӦ
Ĳ˵˵ôһķʲô˵ô֪ҾԶĲ𣿡ЦŶԷ
սλĵڶֶսУǹͮսǴ̿עȻѺ㾰սܸͮս񡣾սҶԶ𣿡Ӧ
кβң۾С
ãǾ̿ڣעһǧ׾ʯѺ㽫ڵڶֶսаܸͮս񣡾սҲһЩˣɲҪᱻ˳ЦġӦĿžԡ
һǧ׾ʯԳ
ս񣬷㲻ô뷴ˣ㲻ǣòһǧ׾ʯɣǺǣҸղž˵Ĳòһǧ׾ʯҺٹ㰡ٹô㣬һǧ׾ʯԸġȻ˥࣬һǧ׾ʯӦûúٹ˽ǡӦ̾˵뼤ԡ
Ҫżû˵òһǧ׾ʯ¶ı顣
ȻҪԶģôǵѺע̿עԶһ˵
Ӧٴζһۣ˵ԣǾ̿ע
ţ⡭λǿ֮һĴֻԶһǧ׾ʯǲеˣֵ˵ʱıˡ
ţӦˣȻû뵽սΪһǧ׾ʯĶע١
һǧ׾ʯڶУҲһȽϴˡóһǧ׾ʯɵۣڻԪռҲࡣս񣬾Ȼһǧ׾ʯĶעеˡ
ӦһըǣһԴ˷Զġע˵һǧ׾ʯעˣⶼڸҿһˡһĴ󳼣Ӧ
Ӧһ˫۾žԵôһ˲ʱ䣬ƺھԵпǿиɵļ󡣾˵ԣȷʵпŻǡ
СսˣЩĴɾҪˡ
սöٶעʣӦ˿ʵ
ɫ˱䣬ϢҲ˿͛Vֿ˿ٹԵĶӦ˵УǾ׵֡
սô˵ˣȻһǧ׾ʯĶעˣô˵һֺˡӦЦҲһı顣
ߣǧ׾ʯƺһشľһȻ˵һ֡
˵֣Ӧ˶۾һɡ
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սǷ˰ɣǧ׾ʯʲôԪռ䣬ҲֻĻԪ챦ֵŴﵽǧ׾ʯԪ챦׾ʯļֵѡ
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ԣǧ׾ʯǲңǾˡҧǧ֡
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ǵģѺעͶעûôߵĶȰ˵ǶԶǧ׾ʯѺעѺעô࣬Ҳû취
˵ʱ̯˫֣εı顣
һ㣬þսġа취̿עǧ׾ʯҲܹעǧ׾ʯǧ׾ʯĿ̫ڵΡעһ㲻עô죿úٹΪ㵣𣿡ӦƵ
ǵҪ̫ˣҡͷ
ôսĪϷˣ𣿴ע֮עӦ
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Ȼǣúٹ϶ע԰ɣֻҪעǾͲӰ쵽ٹӦ˵
ٹԾս񣬿Ƿǳõġǰ̨ϣǲǰޱȵġֻս񵣱һ£㲻ܾԾս΢İɣӦٹ


2972 һͷ
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ΪԵһ£⵹ûʲôٹԼҲ뾰ԶһЩϵ
ǣǧ׾ʯѺעٹҲ̫ˣЩò׼Ե뷨
սǲӦýעȽһЩٹžԡ
ԺΪѵӡ
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ٹӵԵĴȷҪͶעǧ׾ʯˡȻˣҲȰ˵߶˵ʲôȻҲþսͼĹͮսʤ㲻󣬵ս˭ܿ϶أ
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սĶ֡ǹͮս񰡣սһʮսлʤĿܰɣ
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ţбȽϴİաλͮսֲǻԪϼǿߡԵͷ
ڴ󶷳ôԺٹ˵˵жأ͛VžԣĿСǡ
ǺǣҾ˵Լкܴջܹͮս񣬺ٹҲδػŰ˵һˣȻѺעһʺ׾ʯһʤǿҲӰǵѺעʰЦ˵
ֻܶ˵׶жģͿԼ뷨ˡңܶ׬һʣңҲûʲôʧ˵һ䡣
ԣԣ͸ˣ͛VͷԵ񣬰Ľ֮ƺǰֶһЩ

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ӦˣѾ뾰ԶԶǧ׾ʯһ£Ĺ
ֻǿϧûܽˮٹСġӦҡҡͷЩϧ˵
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£Ǹ군ˡӦЩ˷ܵĵΪǧ׾ʯעңϧ̴ˡҲѺעٹǸġ


2973 ǧͶע
Ӧڴ˴ԼƵĳɹΪ⣬Ҫ˵һ覴ãǾûòֱǶԶġ
Ĺ˵Ӧ㿪ʼֻԶһǧ׾ʯΪҪԶǧ׾ʯ
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λս⾰Եʵﵽʲô̶ȡս뾰潻֣ӦиΪֱ۵ĸܡĹֱ˵ʵûиĺѡ
Եʵǿս֮淴˼ԼĶս̡ңȷʵ֡ȻһҲϣⳡսȷʵЩˡһʼҾȫ䱸ĻȻҲܣܵôҡսӦ˵
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ٸߣҲͶעǵú׾ʯˮƯս񣬲սʤͮս񡣡
һսʲôҸղţѾڹͮսͶעѺͮսսʤԡȻֻпһһһһʧͶעҲ׬һЩ

ѺעڣھսͮսһսѺע̿ڵ۱ȱȽǡ
ͶעͮսʤԽԽ࣬սսʤͮսʻڼ֮С
£ھսϡͶע𣿡һԺٹʵ


2974 һ
ΪԵѺע̿ڲģԼ㾰ԵĶֹͮսҲ̿ѡҲֻѺעԻʤͶעսܸͮս߹ͮսսʤս
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ٹȻϣԼȥڵڶֶսУսĶͼĹͮս񰡣ٹʵЩġ
ĹȶԽԽ󣬺ٹĹҲԽԽࡣ
£ٹԥˡ
ڵһֶս֮У͛Vھս̿עһǧ׾ʯӮˣǧ׾ʯ˵Ҳźٹһǧ׾ʯڼ͛V˵һǳ޴ְɣҹСңܴٺ׾ʯأ
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ҪѺעսսʤͮսǧ׾ʯͶעΪڰһռ䱦ݸԱ
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仰ʾԼոѺǧ׾ʯǲ̿ڵע֤ʵ˾սȷʵӦжԶĴڣԶǧ׾ʯ
쿴̿Ͷעа񣡡˾
Ѻעһ̿Ѻעİ񵥡ǰΪ̿ǧ׾ʯͶעֱ̿ӽ̿ǰʮ֮С»ע֮ǰԵ̿Ѿ½˶ʮҡȻڣٴһԾֱӾ˵е̿УΪҫ۵ĵ˺ܶպյս̿ڡ


2975 ɱ˱
Ѻעڣѹסǰеս̿ڣӦս񼸺ڻԪռڳѾõĴڡУʵܹԪϼǿֻûмӷƺŵս
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սǰеɵУȷʵսлԪϵʵȴʱδӷ⡣
ڣս̿ͶעǹҫЩΪǿս֮̿С
ͳ褹Ѻע֮Ҳûм뿪Ѻע٩٩̸һΣֵñȽϸߵҲ±֪ǲھս̿Ѻעˣ෴Ļ˼˾սͬʱҲ˲ĴڸС
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˵ҲмֵΣҶžܹսʤͼĹͮսͼȻҲֻսʵͮսʵҪԶս֮ϡ
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ŲҲھսѺעս̿ڵĻȳ̶ȣֳը̬ơ
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һЩ֮ǰѾѺ˹ͮսܾս񣬾Ϊʵ̨׷Ͷע

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ս񡣡͛VھԵķ֮⣬һ䡣
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սûӰ쵽аɣ͛V˿ԣ£ǲžԵģǸոϢ̾͸߾ԡ
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԰˵ڶֶսʼжʮʱ䣬ǲżһȥͶעҲȫԡ
ţҲֻܼȴˣϣʱһ¡һʣǡǧ׾ʯͶȥջǿɾں׾ʯ͛Vջں׾ʯ龰ˡ

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ʱͼĹͮս񣬻м˴սλսһͬ۹Աۼһ֮С
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ǾôģҾڶսнɱ˰ɣͮսĮȴܸоİԵ


2976 
ͮս뾰֮䣬ǰûκζԹڡ
ڹͮսһڣҪնɱսȻûнսǿᲢ۵ɵۡնɱսƺǺɵ顣
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ҹľսĻˡѾõ˼Ĵҹǰ˭֪ҹĴڣ
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ͮս񣡡Ĵ󳼣͹ͮս˹֣΢Ц˵Ƕϣͮսܹڵڶֶսնɱ֡
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Ϊתһɱԣġͮս˵ͷ˵
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ˣͶעͮսʤͼͶעһҲǧ׾ʯ
ҲԤ֮УͮսõǶѺע̿ڣ϶Ҫ֧Լ̿ڰ


2977 һ
Ͷעǧ׾ʯҲǸߵĹͬѺעһʱ䡣
Ѻע㣬۹ͿУ󳼵İ칫֮ء
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ˣ̿ڵͶעǽӽں׾ʯˡ֮̿УʱڵλԱ˵
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Ϊһſ޶ܻܿʧأᵼѺע̿Ǯ
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ûϵˡУΪ̿ڷһ棬޶ſϢɢȥͿУ˵ʱǹԱ˰֣ʾԷմ˰ˡ
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˼˵ٹþлʤĿܣֵðգͿУ󳼡
ûңȷʵЩһ㡣ڴ֮ǰǷ۹鱨֣ûʲôڴ˵Ϣˣͺƺճһ㡣ڵһֶսУս񡣡
󳼣ҾãλսδؾͻܸͼĹͮս񡣡ͿУ󳼺һ
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ٸʲôãǰӮˣʲôûˡ
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Ҫھս̿Ѻעǧ׾ʯѺעսʤԽʢǧ׾ʯĴﱦݸ̨󷽵ĹԱЦ˵


2978 Ͷע
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սѺעƾ֤ԱѺעƾ֤˫ֵݸԡ
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Ѻעʱսʤͮսһţעǧ׾ʯһӮˣɴѺעƾ֤һǧ׾ʯ
žѺעսʤͮսһ̶ȵĽͣѾ̿עϣͲҪٹʵı仯ˡ
ս񣬸ղԼ̿ڣͶעǧ׾ʯ𣿡ѺעڣھͶע̾ʹʵ
ûѺǧ׾ʯҽͼĹͮս񡣡ԵͷӦ˵
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ȻƾҵʵϽսҰûΪûвμϽսλɨһۣЦ˵
ֻǧ׾ʯǴˮƯˡһԪȵսЦ˵
ˮƯˮƯҲûйϵҲ⡣Ե˻ȥ
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ѺעЩ˳һᣬ͛Vһͬ뿪ˡ
ڶֶսǰһ죬ʱϣڶжս̿ѺעȫʱԺ͹ͮս̿ڣͶעǴﵽ˳֮ޣ֮̿Уڵλ
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ι漴㿪ʼս֣չʾʹ򡣱ֵսǵ̨֤ٱ͵󶷳ϿյĶռжս
սͮսĶսǴ߰ٶ飬˶սҪһᡣ
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תĿһŮսͼĹͮս
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ͮս񣬾սλս񣬵̨ι˵֡
Ժ͹ͮսͬʱڶ䵽̨֮ϡι˵ȷû⣬âϿͶ串˴͵˴󶷳Ķռ䡣
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ŵúܣս󣬾ΪԼԪ޵ˡ
Ǻǣ˻ѺעѺעǧ׾ʯ
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ϣսʤھսѺעˣľսʤһ˵ܵЩ롣
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ܵ˶ɫһڣѯʡһǧö׾ʯ㻹˵
ھԺ͹ͮս̨ϵʱ򣬾кܶ˵Ŀⶢ˵ϡ˵˵ĶսĿһսĿսеһԺ͹ͮսĶս̿ڣǻһ̭׶ΣЩԪϼǿߵĶսûоͮսսȡ
λҹľԣе˼һ۹ĵ΢ЦŴ͵ռľ˵
иԣԼͶעǧ׾ʯƺΪԼܹͼĹͮս񡣡һҲڵ
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ôܲ˵ǹڴ˵ۡؼǣǵһβμսλ˾޴㷺ĹעҲһֱ°һɵҡҡͷ


2979 սͮ
λһ־Զսʱ̨ϱһЩע⵽˾ԡ
սôҲһս񣬵ȴһСҵսˣ˳Ԥϵ顣ԣǵһνЩߡ
ڵһֶսڶֶսʱսǽӿķƣֱǣͮս֮̿С
ͲԪȣǶΪԣ֮ǳֳǳԵ̬ơֱھͮսĶս̿Ͷעǧ׾ʯ
Ҳˣü۹ĵĽĿ䵽˾Եϡ
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΢Ҳ˵ܲĺٹԴ˸һЩĿ⿴ĺٹϵıЩ𺡣
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ٹҲվһǵģҸ˾ãսлܹͮսϣ
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ǿԺ͹ͮսĵһν֣˿ȥƾеģûһǴ·硣
վھԶĹͮսϵıһЩϸ΢ı仯˿֪ܲ˼Լȴ֪ղŵһ˾ųɵսһʼҪٵնɱԡ


2980 ƴ
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΢磬зĸоˡ⼸ʱսУ΢Ҳвֱˡ


2981 նɱͮ
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ѾвĻԪעˡ͛V˵һ䡣


2982 ھ̿ڼֵ
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ţ˼֪ˡԺһιѶǷܸλսڵλаһʵǡĶ֡һ˵ͷ
󣬱һּͿУ󳼵һһЩ̿ڡЩˣȻֻΪһ˵̿ھ;ۼһ顣ǸѺעᾡѺע󻯣սֵ̿ھһ£ǾͻھԵ̿ж໨һЩ˼
һʱ󣬵ڶλȫսΣ½Ľ
λιߵ̨Ե
λȹϲ̭ڶֶսսʤֵսǽһֵĶսι˵
̭սսһһǧٶʮλ
̭սһº׼ʱС
ڵ̭սľϢһʱ֮󣬹ʾڴ󶷳ϡڣҿ뿪󶷳ҲһʱսĹʾ
ι˵Щ֮󣬱ת˻һЩ۹Աǩֶսľ
սһʱ͛VʾԵ˼
áԵͷҲЩڴĵ֪ڵֶսеĶ֣һҵս񡣡
ڶֶֶ˹ͮս񣬵ֶֿ»ȹͮսҪǿء͛Vü˵
ţԵڶ֣ҪʤǸˡҲЩģԼ᲻ᱻڵ̭̭
̭ܽģһһǧλս񡣼ʧˣսսϵҲһǧѾǺܺõĳɼˡ͛V¶һĨ΢ЦڿοԵӡ
ʵϣ͛VڵĳɼȷʵȽ⡣ڴžսμսλ֮ǰûսߵһʱļ͛Vþսܽڶ̭ͿˡĻҹսսҲελˡ
£һᾡġ̭ͨɾܽλľˡҲԼ͛VЦЦ


2983 ̫۸
ǰһ󶷳ڵľˣѡһʱȵ̭Ķսʾ
̨ϣιȷ۹ԱܹĵĶԽ̭սǩ
һĶս½ȷ
ιˣͻȻһ۹ĴüιǸ𸴲սġ
ôˣιԷ
ˣһսǲŪˣǴ󳼿ϵ֣Щ졣
ҹľս񣬶սˮս񣿡Ǵ󳼶һսս֡
һǾսһǶˮս񡣾˵ֶ̭ս֮Уս񽫻붡ˮսս
ûдǳǩĽιҡҡͷ˵
΢΢ιǩѰսսǻǳǩǶЩѺע̿ս񣬾ԲɳǩЩսĶ֡һЩˣҲ֪дһЩè壬˵ЩֱӸսԱˡսͶˮս̿սǲǳǩλսĶս
ˣ᲻ѺעǱ߲ʧսڵ̭붡ˮսսǿѺעûκ˻Ѻսʤɣ󳼵ǱȽϾ
ˣʵϣ֮ǰһѾҴѶͨˣͰʾɣιѹ˵
жʱһ˵ͷȻѺעǱߵıһѾιͨ£Ҳٶʲôˡλôţ϶ǵĵ
ˮƣǲս
ǲǣǻԪռڵǲɲͼĹܹȵġԪռ䣬ŴԼٸٸ֮䣬ҲǷǳ޴
֮£Ȼͼ붥ʮǧͼĹңǲлΪġǲȴǺпܽΪ֮УϣĹ֮һ
ǲսˮƣǹϵĻԪϴ֮ǿɵ֮һԪռ䣬ȥЩԪϼĴ⣬ҪˮɵʵǿˡԪϴڣԪռУ붡ˮսʵս񣬿֮ܲ
һڣ֪
ҲΪˣ۹սĴ󳼣ڿսֽǲˮսսŻԵЩʧ̬
һʱʱȥ󶷳ľ޴ϣһµĶսʾ˳
սѾʾǿԹȥ鿴ˡ͛VЦԾԵ
ţȥԵͷ
˽Ĺ㳡Ҳûе̫ĵطԶһЩĵطܹͬϵľսϢ
ţһɨͿԼ֡
һΣڷǳǰλáսУԵ֡
͛VҲ˾Ե֣ԵĶֺɫˢһ±ˡ
۸ˣ̫۸ˣ͛V̲סЩŭ˵
սһǹģ͛Vԣı顣
£ôˣԲĿż͛V
սֵĶ֣Ƕˮս񰡣ǲĶˮս񣡡͛Vҧűݵǣôôţ
ǲ۾΢΢һ
ţ;öˮֺϤһӵû͛VǲԾȻˡ֮ǰ֣һӡսϡ
ˮƣսʮûսǰʮĿɵۡ
Ҫ֪սǰʮλսǶǻԪϼĴڡˮƣܹڵʮ֪ʵжǿˡ˵ޱȽӽԪϵġˮƵʵǻԪϼֻδƺŶѡ
ԵüͷҲ
ڵڶֶսУԼͮսսͮսսϣһʮšԼһʮĹͮս֣ԵñȽϳɱͮս񣬿Ļֶսֱ֣ӾڵʮĶˮսԼл᣿
ս񣬶ˮսѺע̿ڣġҿһڵ̭Уλˮսڱ͛V߷߲ƽ
šԿ˿̨ķ
ھԿ̨ʱ򣬲ĺٹһ˸պǫ̂žԺͼ͛Vλ߹
գû뵽һҲ˲ݵıֶΡɺľҲһ߿鿪˵


2984 ׬
ǲսˮѺע̿ڣ̿ڶ
սΪڵ̭ˮս
£۹ǲ˶սŵġˮɵۣ̭׶θŵĶ֣һ㶼Խս񣬶Ҽܻᰲ̿սΪˮսĶ֡
ô۹ΪҪøոľս붡ˮսײУȻӰ졣
֣ǹȥˡ¶Ц
սǷ̭ɣҲҪϳˣǻģϳܿΣա͛VԾ˵ڵڶѺעУҲ׬ȡ˴ĺ׾ʯһȥѺע˺׾ʯȥҪĶȻ󷵻ҹ
ԣս񣬷ְɣֱӷ֣սҲﵽһǧܸߵλˡľҲȰ˵
ˮսȻûлûԪϳƺţǹϵ׼ԪϼǿߡɵۣھһۣͿܵõԪϳƺšսʱսûȡЦ㡣ɺ׹Ŀ׷ս񿪿ڵ
Կ˿ˣҲ֪ЩȰ˵Ǻ⡣
£ľ׷ս񡣡˵ȻĻᣬҪһµġ̫˷Ļ᣿ɵۣǶˮսȻǿ󣬵ҲֱһɱҰɣû£ֶսһϳһ¡
̫Σˡ͛Vһĵı顣
޷ģҲΣգ䣬ҿɲŵ״ЦЦ
͛Vս񡣡ĺٹߵ˽к
ٹˣɫΪأǵȻ֪ˣֶ̭սԵǶˮս
ٹֶսʤˡԶԺٹ˵ܣɲҪҲ
սôܻ㣿ǿǶˮƣڶУʵҲ⼶ɵˡٹҡҡͷ˵
ĹҲǹݣٹֵ
ڱˣֶΣüѹŭ
ҲܰٷְȷΪ˳Ӱ졣ҪȻ˵ɺϣ
սڵڶֶսɱͼĹͮսںͮսǼΪںԼ档Ѻܸͮս񣬽ȴˡǶһʵǶǧ׾ʯͮս̿ڶġº޲ý̻
ֶսеĶֶˮս̿ڡ룬Ҫˮսڶսɱ֡ٹͳ˵
ǺǣɱңҲûôףЦһ
Ͷ˹ˡ͛VһȺڽӽ˵
ȺˣͶһЩʹ󳼣ǰ뾰ԵнӴӦҲС
ǻ˵ٹɨȺһۡ
ٹȺ˹϶ǶԶġԣǻǲҪǽӴˣ߰ɣһ˵
ԣ뿪󶷳Ⱥ쵰̸͛V
߰ɣҵ뿴˵ʲôٹһº˵
ãȸˡ˵
Ժͼ͛Vתȥ
ٹǲĹǶĹͶһȺʹ󳼣ܱߣЩ˽ӴΪ˲棬Ҳʾ͛V;ˣȴûѹҹСң޷붥ԿҲǺ

Ժͼ͛V󶷳ֱѺע
Ҫȡƾ֤Ӧ̿ڶעԶԸƾ֤һĹԱ˵
ԵȣԱӹԵƾ֤ٲ֤Ϣ
һ˾һۡ
սԺΪ׼ƾ֤Ӧĺ׾ʯԱԾԿ˵
ԡԵͷ
δ̫ãԼĪʮʱ䣬Աǽһﱦ˾ԣ뾰׾ʯɨ֮ȷⴢ﷨ڣպǧ׾ʯȥɱ㾻׬ں׾ʯ
ȫȷлˡԶԹԱЦŹ˹֣﷨
Ǿս񣡡
Եģҹľս񣬵ڶ̭սɱͼĹͮս񡣡
˵עǧ׾ʯԼʤ׬ٺ׾ʯ
мں׾ʯɣǡ۾ˣĽʣ
ģôûѺսʤɶ񰡣װ״˴ûᰡ˺ڲ


2985 ׷
ԹԻʤԼ˶ע˻ںԼûѺע̿Ͷעսʤ
ΪĹͮսʤ˺ܶ࣬Ѻעڣ˿Ե񶼴ԹУһЩڹͮսͶעʮϰ׾ʯģһѺעѪ޹顣
ȻˣûǵĹףҲǧ׾ʯں׾ʯ˵ԻøлǵĿ
ս񡣡
ھԺͼ͛V׼뿪Ѻעʱ˳
սλУ̭׶Σһֶսս񣬵ڶֶսͼĹͮս㱾Ҳͨսһ˾޴档ڴ󶷳ϣֶ̭սѾʾֶ̭սжǲĶˮսһʣǷĻܶˮս񣿡ǽסԵˣٺܿʵ
ǣԿŶԷʵ
Ǹҽˡٸߵ۹ʢǡʢǱԼݡ
սʢɵٸߵ۹һƷ󳼡͛VԾԲһʢǴ󳼵ݣʢǵ֡
һǰˣȻٸߵ۹Ĵ󳼡ٸߵ۹ǻԪռߴ۹֮һʵ뷨۹ǼΪӽġ
ԭʢǴ󳼣ԳԷֵ
սˣ뾰սȣҿɲԶˡʢǴϴЦǫ˵
ʢǴ󳼸ղʲôԻһת
ʢǴĿ΢Щã˵ҷʵǣս㣬̭׶εֶսǷлʤģսڵֵĶǲĶˮս񡣾սӦѾ֪ˮսսڵʮ
ԹһЦ
ʢǴ󳼣⣬Һѻش𰡣˵ģǿ϶кܶҲ֪ߵغ˵ûģǵδսӣԿʢǴЦ
ʢǴüʵôսǷڵֶսУԼ̿Ͷע
ʢǴ󳼣һҲÿǲֶսʼһʱ䣬ڵֶսʼ֮ǰʱѺעԼ̿ڽͶעûиһȷĴ𸴡
սԼҪеĵֶս̬ƺЩءʢǴЩĵ˵
ٸߵ۹Ĵ󳼣֪ʲôĿġ
Ըоƺǲ⣬ҪԼ˵һЩΪ˵ĻǣԷΪҪôԼٸߵ۹κǣڴ֮ǰԼûٸߵ۹ԱӴ
ʢǴ󳼣ǻ£ͲﶺˣǡԶʢǴ˵һ䣬͛Vת뿪Ѻע
ʢǴ󳼿žȥĿǷһĨЦ
սٸߵ۹ʢдʲôĿΪͻȻֶʳЩ͛Vʾԡ
϶ĿĵģȻһ۹Ĵ󳼣ѵеˣΪʲôҪôʱҲ벻ͨһȷ˶Ҳơҡҡͷ˵
ţǵСһЩˡ͛Vͷ
Ӧֻ˵̬ȣٸߵ۹̬ȡûԪߴ۹һԪ϶ǵɵ۰ɣЦ˵
Ҳǣûٸߵ۹͛VٴεͷҲ˼֡
ֻһʢǴ󳼲̫ѺãҲҪ̫ѹ
£ȥ򿴿ڣҲвٺ׾ʯˡԶԼ͛V
Ҳ뷨ġ
Լ̭׶εֶսУǿޱȵĶˮսĿǰȷʵûκεʤ㡣ȻԼʵȽţⲢԴǹͮսˣˮսжǿǣҲδȫֶսԷǳǿĵˣҲԹ־ܣԾԸ
׼ȥ򣬿ǷܹܶԼԴ
ã͛Vԥľͬˡ
ڣǵϣڶ׾ʯľ޿˶ĺ׾ʯ㹻ܶ༫ΪԴˡ
򣬲һڣɷ۹һƬһƬڣɽнףɽף۹ֽĽףҲκν׳ɡֻһҪ˱ϸأǾǲܶ䡣˸ӣǵȴĽԷ۹طǸӵ֮ģǻԪϼǿߣҲ밲Ȼӳȥ
ҲΪˣԽиֽҲǱȽϰȫģǲܳӵ
ֵͦģ벻ôｻԴԺͼ͛V뽻֮۾Ϳ̯ܶλڽֵϡ


2986 
СС̯λĿ
ɨһЩ̯λЩ̯λϵԴнϸߵļֵԪľҲнǧʱˣȻҲʶ˰ԪнΪĸԴ
Ի֣̯̯вٶɵۼǿߣ̯λǰҲвٴﵽɵۼ
սλٰڼʱγɵĽѵõԴᰡҲǸ̾˵һ䡣
ţһһĻᡣսλٰڼ䣬Ǿۼ˴Ԫǿءкܶˣר̳ĻƷġ͛VԵĸпͷ˵
սȥٷ״͛Vֵ
˵Ĺٷ״ʵǷ۹õһ׳״ڽһڡ
áӦһ
Ž״ȥ
״ȥҲΪӴ󣬵Ѻע󶷳ȾͲԶˡ
״ڣչʾ̨Щ̨ûչʾԴԶڷ۹ˣ޷ڽ״ʹų̀ģ򷨳۹֧ҲǲС
ڽ״ԴҲԽвõĲҾнϸ߼ֵԴۡ״Դ඼ǱȽ걸ġ
۹һƬ򣬶۹ӽ׬ȡģʵͿ⽻״Щ̯λףԷ۹˵ûֱġ
£֮ǰᵽһֽĶ˵ǿȣԿ͛V
ǵģǼһԴǳټ͛Vͷ
ܹⶫ𣿡Ȼʡ
͛VҡͷЦ˵ȻǲõģֶǻԪϼǿҲҪôóսսǰʮܵõġ
͛V˵ȻԤϣҲЩʧ
ս빺ǲܵġǿһЩͼЧԴ˵ԪռһֽëԴҲǿȣֻЧ޷ȡ͛Vֽ˵
ֻǡë𼶵߻бȽԵãɵۣûʲôЧˡɵۼߣһҲ̷ֻǸȼԴܼǿǿȡ͛Vü
ëԴȼһأҲöࡣԪռɵۼߣ˵̷ëƵͬǿԴ
Ŷȥ΢΢һԪʱǿıڴﵽɵۼ֮ЩͶ꼸Чˡ
Ԫʶһ°ԪڱȽһ౦
״һ̨ڣչʾкëһԴһֹʵͨΪɫëһĶ
λʲôҪ𣿡չʾ̨ڣз۹ĹԱԺͼ͛V̨ߣЦݿʵ
Ǻë𣿡Կʵ
ˣǸƷʵĺëѰĺëʡԱͷ˵
һŹʵҪٺ׾ʯԵͷʡ
һźëҪʮ׾ʯԱЦݺ˵
ʮ׾ʯһţԵظһ䡣
۸ĹҪ֪Ƚĵ۱ڰԪҲżʮ׾ʯѡһŹʵȥĴָ󣬾Ҫʮ׾ʯ
ⶫѰɵۣǳһҲҪá
֮ǰ͛VҲ˵ˣɵۼ̷ëǲʲôЧⶫɵ֮µ߾зǳĺôɵ֮µߣжóʮ׾ʯģҹҲղôһӴĺ׾ʯ
һţֱȡʮ׾ʯݸԱ
Աˬľ͹򣬵ƺЩû뵽ëԴ̫󣬹˲ࡣ
õġԱӹԵĺ׾ʯûȡһöë͵С
ԽӹëƬֱ̣ſ̷ȥëڣ㻯Ϊһӿζü漴͸оһĸо
ЧԲЩԾ
ҵ壬ëȻܹҵǿȡ԰ĺһңЧȽԡ
ף
ҵ壬ƺһǰеаԪԵ
ûȷʵˡҵУҶԵƿа
ڼ̵ʱڣͷ
ս񣬺ëûʲôɣǰûʹùë𣿡͛Vһԣ̷ë˳ĬУһſ˵


2987 ֱ
ڰԪռ䣬ëʵɵۼǿЧ΢΢
ȻⲢ˵ɵۼ߾;ԲҪõëʵ˵ɵۼڶʱĹ΢˵ʱʹúëȼʵָȫԵġ
͛VѯʣԵͷ˵֮ǰȷʵʹùëҲùһЩԴ
£ëҵƺһЩģҴһЩֶԼ͛V
Ŷ͛VЩȻĿ⿴žԡ
սʵ뺷ɵۣͽˣëܶԾսа
͛VǲỳɾԵĻֻЩϲ
ȻˣаһҪһЩëȻȲǸıѰ֮Ҳõ͛Vٺܿ˵
ԪռڣС֮Уһ򲻵ëģʲôǿרŴ˺ë
ţԵͷ
ҪĺëԶԹ̨ŮԹԱ˵
õģʿҪٿźëԱ΢Цʵ
ת˵öٿŰɣ
ʲôԱ֣ʱŴ͡
ٿźëֱΪԼˡһźëۼ۾ʮ׾ʯٿźëǾһö׾ʯ
һö׾ʯж٣
СҵĹ⣬̫˶׾ʯֻ͛V׼ҲҹĹں׾ʯﵽǧ׾ʯѡ۹ǧ׾ʯ
Ҫٿź׾ʯô𣿡ظһ顣
СеģԵȣ׼Աžԣͷ
۹ǿǻԪռߴ۹֮һ˴η۹ٰսλҲרŲеԴëֱȽֲǼ亱ĶԷ۹ֶκǿŪٵġ
û̫õʱ䣬Ա׼ٿźëŵ˹̨ϸԲ顣ҲľԻëܣǻԪϼǿҲȥ
Բȷû⣬ǽһö׾ʯ˶Է
ºë󣬾Ժͼ͛VҲûϾ뿪״ǼѰԴ
ڽ״ת˰ȦԺͼ͛Vͣ࡯Ĺ̨֮ǰ
ǰԪռһΪԴֻʺʹáɵۣʹǿԼ
׾ʯֻԴ߶ʹǴﵽɵ֮󣬺׾ʯԵЩƽӹˣֻʺƽʱȹΪáҪΪٵʵôֻѰǿ󺱼Դ࣬ʺʹõһֽΪԴ
һƿֵ࣬ʮ׾ʯ˵൱ĶˡɵһҪȵɵƶҲΪɵʱҪʹøԴҲǲɱ顣
⽻״һһǧƿࡣϸ鿴ִ࣬һֲ֮ͬȷֽĶԼ΢аֱӾһǧƿࡣ
£ҪһЩʲô𣿡ʼ͛V
͛VҲǱԵĴֱòᣬ˽뽻״һʱ䣬Ծͻں׾ʯ
ҡʱͲ˰ɣ͛Vҡҡͷ˵
ûϵİɣ׾ʯֻǻԴҲͻˡֻҪҵʵмֵԴ¾ǡԿ͛VЩۺ׾ʯ
͛VⱲӶû˴ֱʵĻ׾ʯ
ǵȵȰɣȵսλٿ͛Vٴҡͷ˵
ţҲãӦһ
뿪˽״
˵ղڽ״ں׾ʯ
Ҳ˵ˣ
ǵģӦģϢǴӷ۹ڲԱġ
˭ôײУһӻں׾ʯҲ̫뺷˰ɣֲϣ
ٺ٣֪˭ʱڽ״ۿˣ¶һصı˵
˭ѯʡ
ҹս񡣾ԣҹ͛V֮ǰڽ״ں׾ʯ˵
Ǹսʤͼͮսľԣʲôˣ
һЩëࡣҲͰˣɵۣʹôĺë˷ѽˡëֲɵۼǿߵǿȡ˵ʹãҲôɣڹ̨˶ٿźëǷˣ
Իں׾ʯڽ״˺ëϢһĴˡ


2988 ץʱ
һϢҲھԵԤ֮УϾڽ״һԹֵں׾ʯԴ˿϶ࡣΣԵҲûоòףѺע׬ȡں׾ʯҲͱ֪ˡ
ȻˣԾͳһδλԼ
صס֮󣬾Ը͛Vһк㽫Լ˷֮ڡ
ǽӽ״ĺë˳
ëڰԪռɵۼ߰󣬵֮ǰڽ״̷һţȴЧ
ӦҴԪйءԪĻȵȷ棬ҶǱȽİġҵ壬ҲڰԪռԴǿ
ɷǳ
תͷ
ķҲȷġԪеԴԪеԴԭܼ򵥣Ԫĵ෴ģֽȻͬĸֲԴȻǲͬ
ʱˣҵץʱϣڵ̭ս֮ǰһЩʵԽ΢΢һһźëٷ䵽Уһ̵
ëΪȫӿ塣ԣҲǼϸĸӦԼı仯ë뵽ʱһּĸоھԷǳĸӦ£ȷеĸ֪˺ë֮ȷʵһȵǿ
ǿΪ෽Ӱ졣ֻǿһ㣬Եⶼ̡
һǳֱ۵ı仯ǣԽǿսҲԽǿڵ滹巽棬ǿ壬ֱսӡ깥棬Ǿ͸ö˵ˡ
ΪʱȣԾһźë֮ûֹͣڶźëС

£ǸҹԸոڽ״ٿźëһǧƿࡣ
Աס֮ӦĹ˵
λӦһֱžԡһЩʲô֪ܺܿ
Ӧʹ޾ԡ
սλڶ̭У֮£Ͷעǧ׾ʯľԽڵڶֶսаܸͮս񡣽ȴǣǧ׾ʯѪ޹顣
ʱĹ֤Բͼͮս֣ͮսڶսնɱԡĹר뷨۹湵ͨһ£Ѻעǧ׾ʯͶע
˵ǧ׾ʯʧʲôؼ涪ˡӦҹսĶԶģӦˣ˭֪Ӧľ۵ʱ򣬺ܶ˶˵ڶԶˡ
Ϊ£ҲǷǳŭӦҲǺݺݵʹһ١ӦдȣȻֻܹԹԽĹĳֻУԾԵĺŭȴԽԽʢ
˵ʲôĹӦ
£棬Բ׷ŹӦ˵
ȻܷŹҪ̭УǲĶˮսֻ֡Ҫ붡ˮս֣ھͲԶˡĹЦһԵЩ
λĹԸؿɲȡĹǲŹԡֶսоԶսˮսȷʵӰһĹϵˮս̿ġ
£ѾˣڵڶֶսѺעУ׬ں׾ʯڽ״ں׾ʯ뻹ڶ׾ʯҪĺ׾ʯǸ͛VС룬ΪʲôڵֶսͶע֮Уڶ׾ʯҲأӦЦһ
㻹ڶֶսԶ𣿡ĹɨӦ
£ڶֵĶԶȷʵˣСӵʵֶսǺ޻ġʵͮսƲԣҲάʱһЩˡ붡ˮսȣöࡣӦЦһ˵
ǣҲɵǲںʤԶˡڶԶģΪԼһġĹҡҡͷ˵
£֪һ㣬ҲȷǼԶģǲһԡǣԼ򵥵һЩıԡСԸĺǿǿһ㡣Ӧ۾˵
ţȷʵȽϰʱ͛VңΪֳɱֱӾܾðɣӦһԿɣĹͷͬӦ뾰ԼԶ顣


2989 ˫
ʹ޾ԵĵȻֻͬĶжͼ͸˵ˣͼսͮԸɱˡͼԱǺ޲ýԸƤ
ЩԾɶ۰Ͱ͵ŵ̭ʼſԱˮսǵɱ
⼸⣬ǰھ̿Ͷע׾ʯԱҲڵſսڵֶսвҰܡ
ѺעӦ˵
Ӧ
ӦѺעˡ
ҪͶע𣿡
̿ѺעҲսλڶ̭Уһ̿Ͷעǧ׾ʯ𣿡
ǴǿˣӦҲŪûͷġ
֪Σ᲻ǾսԶġ
ѺעڵԱ̾ͿӦˣ׷׵
Ӧһ˶Ӧ˹֣ЦŴк
ʢǴ󳼣Ӧ
Ӧкˣٸߵ۹ʢǴ󳼡Ӧ˸սѺעʢǴ󳼱Ҳ˽˫ͺԼһ㡣
ӦѺעҪͶע𣿡ʢǴЦʵ
㣬ǲ֪ԷûӡӦͷɭɭ˵
ԷʢǴһģ˵
ţǲǸҹľԡʢǴӦҲ֪ڶֶսУ벨ǸԶԶˣͶǧ׾ʯӦͷ˵Ǻǣǧ׾ʯ
ȷʵ£Եʵǳϣ˭뵽ȻԻܹͮս񡣴ˣСҲ֪λսΪʲôȥڻԪռʢǴЩп˵
Ӧ˼ƺǡ㻹Ҫ벨ԼλսԶġʢǴ󳼻һתʵ
ṷ̂׶εֶսͶעУǶԶġδܳɣǸԣûҶԶġӦЦ˵ĺٹǶ֪Ϊ˥ˣٹҲýС΢ˡҾţ²ҲҹҶԶġǸԣȻеʵҿҲһȡСǰҶʵû֪׬һЩˣھһӣҲֻͷڹꡣ
ʢǴ󳼣Ҹ˵Կ϶ҪͷڹˡӦ˵
δءûǻ֪ӦѺעǹԶءʢǴ󳼴Ц
Ҳǣôλ˭ԸæĺٹǾСӣӦתĿʵ
ӦʢǴ˵ʱŵúֻܴҪѺע΢ע⣬˵ʲô
ѺעڵȺֿɿ붼ǰһաӦ仰˵֮󣬵ӦӦȻǾȥҲоԴˡ
Ϣɢ
ܶඥϢжĳԱרѺעᷢʲô
ǣڴⲨ;Ի᲻ѺעжԶġ
ѺעҪ벨;սԶġ
Ӧԣ;Բ¶档
ӦѾųսͷڹꡣ
ӦˣѺעȴѾˣĺٹˣǱδӦ
ս񴫻ˣҲûеõȷĴ𸴡Ǿսƺڱչء
չأֶսֻжʮʱˣʲôأԾǽڡӦ˵ǾԻͷڹ׼ȷİ
Բ¶棬һСսԲں档ǲҲҷ𣿲ǶǱ˹ԼսҿҲ̫ų˰ɣ
Ѿ˥ˡ
˥ˣҲǶձ󣡡
ˮȺ֮дݣС
Աס֮ء
£ǸôӦԣȺ˷ԷǶǲ»ܴǲеɫüźٹʵ
Ǳӡ褹һ䡣
ǣԼӰþսԶˮսҲˡڣȻֶαǶԶģһĴҲ
ٹɫĿУҲȼһŭ𡣵龰һ޴ʹĸо
սǱû˵ʲô˼Уٹͳʵ


2990 Ӧս
ٹЩķҡ
ӦѺעԼսŪ˾֪ǲӦ˻ۣôҲ֮еģѵһеĻһӦ
ǻӦָôӦԣ
ͬӦԼսӦǶԶģ
ֶ̭սУսĶֿǲĶˮս񡣾սԶˮսһʤ𣿾սڵڶֶսɱ˹ͮսȷʵ˸еϲͨڶֶսҲܿóսսʵͮսǲģ˻ǴͬһġһͿɵóۣսԲǶˮսĶ֡
£սƺڱչ֮УĿǰδӦκλӦ͛VҲò⣬֮ǰ̸˼ҪȾս˵Ժٹ˵
չأٹ¶ı顣
ֶսֻʣ¶ʮʱ䣬սʱչأʲôô𣿡ٹҡҡͷ̾Ϣһ˵
ɵۼǿߣһıչضʮ꣬һЩɵһαչҪʱΪλֶսֻжʮʱ䣬սʱչʲôô
սʱѡչأһҲġ֮ǰ˵սͼ͛Vڽ״˲ͺëսܿʱһµġü˵
ûõģʱ̫ˡٹҡͷ
£ܾսǱ߸ӦǶûӦ䣬Ҳվ䣬ǲͷҫǡ˵
˵û
£ǲڻԪռ̫ˣʱһǵķˡҪЩЩңǺ۸ģ
սλ뵽սΪǲ̿ڣͨǰֶսǲǴл˾޴ĺôս̿Ѻע۵Ļ֣ǲܹһսλܶһ̿ˡ
ˣ׷׳
ϣҵ̬ȶǲܶʾӦҪ벨ԶģܵɶԷ
֪ǵ˼ٹˣ˵ͷ
¾ȥɣǲڴ˴սλѾ˲ٵĺô˾ǽô³ȥһЩˡǺǣЩûʧˡٹԳЦЦ
ǣ£Ӧ
棬ӦԶġϸڣ˫ĶעҪһЭ̡̬ȣѾóˡ
Щ˵һӦȻҲʧˡЩʧĹת˾ս
֮ǰЩǷֱ𹥻սͲȫʼսˣ˵սͷڹ겻¶档͛VܵԹ
һЩĻ˶͛V;Ծס֮Ƿ۹ɷ壬Щ˻ֱӳ͛V;Եľ
Щ͛VҲҧгݣûʲôԲߡҪҪӦӦ͛Vò⡣ڣսĹǣ͛Vһжսġ
ʱ䣬ܿ͹ȥˡ
µʱ䣬һ̷ֱëԼǿȡٿźëȫ̷ֵһں׾ʯëһ֮󣬾Ե壬ҲȷʵõԵǿ
ڷڵľԣ΢΢һӦ֮ǰı仯
ЧǱȽԵġ
ҵǿȣԼĪǰ˽ʮ֮һӡԪռ䲻ȥġ޷ɵ۵廹ȵ
ǲǿ֮Ҷ΢ĿƸӾˡ
жԺڵƿأҵǿĲ֣Ԫռ䲻ͬǿǲ壬밵ԪռϡҲң԰ԪڵĸһߵĲ档
ԸԼߡ
һ²⣬ԾãԼҪںڵҲﵽɵۼӵϰԪǱ˵ԼУ밵ԪռϵĲܹﵽҪԼܻΪںڵϴﵽɵۼ
ڵսҲõ˺ܴͮսսʱ򣬿϶ǿ١ͮս֣ǿ϶ҪȵԷ΢ĹܻܶԷ
ͷת֮Уվ߳˷䡣
ս񣡡͛VԴӷ̳߳һ䡣
Աչ֮ǰ͛V˵ҪչأԼ͛VûҴžԣӰ쵽Ե
£Կڵ
£ֶսм죿ʵ֪Լչڼŵʱ䣬ȫȷ
ֻʣʮʱˡʮλ̭׶εֶսͻῪʼ͛VӦԡ
ţһٱչһΡԵͷ
Ҫչأ͛Vü˵սǸӦÿ춼ѺעҪǶԶġΪڱչأҲûжӦԼսӦˣ˵˺ܶĻǸôӦԣ
Ӧ˶ġɫһ
жͼǲȾҪЩڱɿ𣬲ܻôĶս㡣͛Vŭ˵
ȵȣȷʵٵԡ
¾Է붡ˮսĶսԱַʽȾԣȻһЧǻôˣӦ˵ģҪһԲ֪᲻ԾЧ
ţ֪ˡ
£Ҳһ˰ɣתʵ
ѾӦսˣԶˡ˫óں׾ʯڵֶս̿ѺעҵõϢҲȰ˵ٹٹԼҪԶġ˼ǣ㾰սܸ˶ˮս񣬾㲨ʧں׾ʯҲվֱ͛Vٺܿ˵
ǺǣٹԸƺҲһЩٹǿ˺ܶࡣЦЦ
£ҲӦɣҪԶģǾٶԶһˡ۾˵
սǻҪǶԶģʵ˵ҪȻǾͷˡԺкܶĻᣬûҪĵסǷֶսȻڽ״һЩϡȱԴҹȥ͛Vǵľ붡ˮսսΣա
£֮ǰ˵ˣֶսҲֱӷ㣬ǲĶˮս񡣡ҡҡͷ˵ǣôӦɣҪԶģǾǶԶġ£ٱչһΣʮһأȻȥѺעͶע
벨Զĵں׾ʯҲԶں׾ʯԲһ䡣
£ԾתԼķ䡣
͛VžԵıӰй̾һ
󣬼͛VҲ߳סǵס֮⣬һֱһȺ˵
͛Vˡ
Ǻǣ¶û¶棬쵹¶ˡ
λ͛VҶ˵ˡ
ȺˣĿⶼڼ͛Vϣ٬
͛VӦҪҹսԶģս񵽵ʲô̬ȣ˴Լ͛V
ǲҶԶģǾʹ󷽷Ϻˣαأ
ǣԲһСӣѵûô𣿡
ԲڵֶսУϳɣ͛Vҹλս񣬵ûеϳԶˮս񣿡
ļЦȵӭ
Ƕˣ͛VڣŶȺ˼˵ҪҹڵֶսжԶģҹ㵽ףǿԴǸھս̿Ͷעں׾ʯҹҲضͶעں׾ʯڣǾͿȥλӦ
͛Vⷬڳ˶΢΢һ㶡Ȼû뵽ҹսͶעں׾ʯӦԶģǲǰװӵں׾ʯ
͛Vսϳ붡ˮսս𣿡ֲʵ
ǻѺעں׾ʯþս᲻ϳ͛Vɨһۡ
˵Ͷעں׾ʯҲֱӷսңʧں׾ʯЦ˵
ߣҿԸǣս϶붡ˮսսһ붡ˮս֡͛V
˵仰͛V߻˷֮ڡ
ϢܿʹѺעӦѺעһʱ䣬ÿ춼ѺעϽϳʱ䡣ˣֶս֮ǰΨһһЩֶȾӦս
Ӧղҹ͛Vˣ˵ͬԶġעǣں׾ʯֻҪھ̿Ͷעں׾ʯҹҲھ̿Ͷעں׾ʯһɵ۶Ӧ
ţӦһ
ЧˣҵļƲߣЧˡǸСӣȻ̫ǿּܲӦдϲ


2991 ѯ
ѺעڣȺ궯
ҹԣҪӦԶģ
ҹļ͛V˵˴£Աû¶档
϶ǾԵ˼ԲԸԶģ͛V϶˵ֻ
ǰ˭ó͛VȻǹݣҹԾսΪҿ͛VҲսġ
ں׾ʯĶע
ڵڶ̿Ͷע׬ȡں׾ʯڽ״ڣٻڶĺ׾ʯں׾ʯõó
Ⱥ۷׷ס
ãȻСҶԶģҾͶעں׾ʯ̿ڡӦ˵
֮ǰ벨ԶĵʱѾͶעں׾ʯ뾰ԶԶں׾ʯ˵ھ̿ڵͶעӵں׾ʯһھ̿Ͷעں׾ʯ
ں׾ʯӴĿ˵ҲǱȽϴĸġں׾ʯܳһʱ¶ù£ûΪٴֶսУԵĶֿǶˮսսʮǿߣ׼ԪϼĴڡ
Ӧ͛V˵ˣսض붡ˮս֡ɵֲ˵
ǺǣļһҿСӣܱQ죡Ӧ˵һ䡣

۹ʹ
ѺעıһҴҽʹ۹
ݼ£һǰ
һض񡣡ԱһͷЦ˵
뱫һʽѺעʵ
رµĻѺעǱߵӪãһжɡھ̭׶εֶսԽԽעߺͶעӵơһ˵
ţҹս֪ɣѺע̿ѡ̿Σʵ
ᵽս֣һɫ΢΢һ䡣
ΪͻȻһСս
۹ĵǺεȵݣһѺעӪ⻹ģɵҹսͲ̫ˡ˵ҹսԣЩǳսǰս̿ڣӦöᵥǡ
һСĵĿ˿ûϿʲôƺȷʵھ˳
Ϊǰ̭бֱȽϳɫ˽ӡ󣿡һд⡣
£λսʵףʹõǲ̿ڡսѾǰ̭н˵֡ڵѺעУս̿ҲǱȽϻ𱬣棬ھս̿Ͷעں׾ʯͶעں׾ʯͶһں׾ʯڶˮսϡͼҲͶעһں׾ʯǲͶעں׾ʯĶˮսʤ
ˮս;սͬһѺע̿ڡЩͶעвٹҶͶעĿǰΪֹսһ̿ڵͶעѾǳʮں׾ʯпͶע̿У˵ڶλֻڵһλ̿ڣ˼ǧͶעһ˵ǰ漸λѺע̿Ͷע֣֪ûϸ
ţͷűһ˵һսڵֶսжǲĶˮսڴ󶷳ʾ֮ǰ֪Ϣɣ
һԣдһ
æ˵£⾰սȻֻһСս񣬵ʵȷʵСѺעУսĻȷǳߡҾãӦһȶȣǷ۹ܵõ档Ҳιͨһ£ǷþսڵֶսǿĶ֡
ѯʣһȻǲʲôǳȷڶһ鶼ǳϣֻԼ鷳
ҵ˵ǰĹ档Ц˵Ǽ棬˵һЩʲô
¡һ亹ðˣæڵء
ɣ飬Ҫעִ磡սʵ㲻ֶսУ˶ˮսǿɵ֣ЩˡǷ˺⣬˵
£΢֪ˡһͷ
ˣɣϵѹ
Ĺҹսڶս֮аǶˮսʹõĻ̿˿۾Ŀǵ


2992 ʱ
һվȻ£Ȼһսľӡ
Ҳоֵɡ
ֶΣΪ۹Ĺ֮һúܡ
£Ҫιһ£̭оս붡ˮսĶսһ£һСʵ
ֶսδʼʮһЩʱ䡣ڽеȻһ鷳ҲǲԣֻǶһЩˡ
һҲǿϣڶս֮УҲὫйרᵽھսĶս
ˣڰֵȻѾˣǾ˳ȻɣҹľսҲЩ⣬˵ȻӦӦĶԶˣЩʧ
һ˵λսԸеѱ
ѱҿЩԴˣԸͲսʤĶ֣ƫƫҪȥս˵˵޴ˡ붡ˮսĶսֲǷսɡҲһЩЦˣѵ趼ȴѡһ·
ڶսУȷʵЩϧˡһҡͷ
óԾԵĹעȷʵǳֵ
£Ϊ˿ؾսأһʵ
ΪЩ⣬ڵһֶսǸս֣Ҿע⵽ˡ΢磬ЩǷڶֶսͮս֣Ҿȷһ㡣ӦҲǺܴ󣬵΢ǱȹͮսҪ񡣹ͮսҲɵˣȴھСЦЦ˵
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ʮʱ䣬һţ
ʮʱ䣬һֱʹǿ΢Ϊûʹù࣬Դ壬űȽԵЧáԪռ֮УκɵʹԴȡôĽ
࣬һơԪԾʹͨЧҲˣΪù֮Ϊ֮İܿɵǰ£ͨǲ
ɵ˰Ԫռ䣬ΪδùԴЧѡ
ãܺãڽ״һǧƿ࣬ʮʱ䣬õн룬Ҳǽӽƿ
ƿ࣬Ҳþ΢˳ʮ֮һǷǳֲģҪ֪ԭǺǿɵˡԭϣٷ֮ʮжྪˡټڣҲһģλˮսˡ
߳䣬ѯʼ͛Vֶսжã͛Vʱ䡣ʱ䣬Ҳ˷ѣٴλص䡣û̷ǽ˻ԪƬռ䡣ںڵϵѾǿ볢һ¿ܷԻԪƬռĺڵйĦһ
ţԵɫӴһ
ܳɣ
ΪںڵϴﵽɵۼԪƬռ߼ĺڵû뵽ڣ˽չ
ܹڵɵۼ
г˷ܣܿ㽫ȥĦڵ򣬶ļӴ󣬲ʱҲôˣֻܹĦʱѡ
ڹĦԪƬߺڵУһЩջҲ֮һȻȻĿʼתǬһ
ǬһǾԪ˰Ԫռ䣬ΪϵȱʧǬһ޷ʩչ˵ǲܱǬǧػڻԪƬռĦߺڵʱȴӦԶתǬһһⲻǾԵȥʹȻȻġ
һ䣬ԳءΪվǵֶսʽʼӡ
£ȥѺעɡԶԼ͛V
ڵֶսУжԶģʱδѺעͶע
õġ͛VӦһ˳ǰѺע
ǵֶսǰһ죬ѺעȻ֡Ϊ죬ǵֶսѺע̿Ͷעһ졣кܶˣҪץסͶעᡣ
Ǿսͼ͛V
ѺעˣһΪǲˡ
ʱŹǰ죬ӦˣʼɾǲˣŪˡӦ˵ˣǾսˣŪ϶չ
Ѻעںܶע⵽˸ոյľսͼ͛V


2993 ǲһ
Ժͼ͛VѺעߵһʱ䵽̿аϡ
ڶԿԼ̿Ͷע
붡ˮս̿ͬһ飬ʱһ̿Ͷעڵڶλڵһλ̿ڣʱͶעһ̿ڶһڶ಻ڵĺ׾ʯ
Ͷעں׾ʯӦǿҵ̿Ͷעһλˡ΢˼⡣
ߵѺע̨һʢں׾ʯĴ﷨ó
սҪ̿Ͷעں׾ʯ㽫սʤˮս𣿡ԱȷϾԵͶע
ûġԵͷ
սڵһĵ塣ԺΪԱӹͶעĺ׾ʯ˵
ʱѺսʤʤʣһĵ塣ʣԶûеڶ־Թͮսʱʸߡ
ҲĺʡڶֶսʱѺעԼ̿ڣһšʻһţǾһʤѺעҪ⸶ʮں׾ʯһ̿ڵͶעδﵽʮں׾ʯѺעҪ׬ǮģȻһ׼㷽ʽȷԼܹһĵ壬ҲǼˣҪ֪ҲھͶעں׾ʯľԻʤ
Ͷעƾ֤󣬾Ժͼ͛V׼뿪ѺעΪͶעں׾ʯһ̿Ͷעʱ˵һλ
Ǻǣսֱʰٸߵ۹ʢǴ󳼲֪ʲôطð˳ЦŶԾԵ
ʢǴ󳼰ԿԷЦЦʢǴ󳼺УƺնѺעС
ɣɶѡʢǴ󳼸ЦһղҼͶעں׾ʯĽں׾ʯֻǿ϶Ķ㵽һ͵ȥˡ
ʢǴ󳼣һǲһǺǣ׷ͬ˵ں׾ʯʲôءƤЦⲻЦĿʢǴ󳼡
仰ʢǴ󳼵ɫ
ھԵһμʢǴ󳼵ʱԴ˻ǱȽϿģԷϾߴ۹֮һٸߵ۹Ĵ󳼡֮λʢдɵУþԶ˶С
ǺǣսšϣԶˮսʱȻܱźʹݡʢǴ󳼵ЦݣȫЦս̨ϣܶˮս񡣡
ллʢǴͿðɣԶԺ߹˹ֵû˰ɣǾȸˣʢǴѺע棬ҲС
ʢǴ󳼿žԺͼ͛V뿪Ӱ
Ҳ֪ʢǴ󳼵ʲô˼ǣҲѺע󣬼͛V˵
ʱ򣬲ȵˣ˲Ż㡣ҡҡͷ˵ڵĿǰΪֹٸߵ۹ҲʢǴǰơеģӦֻʢĸˡ
ţӦˡٸߵ۹ˣδʲô۴͛V˵ͷ
գԺͼ͛Vǰ󶷳ڽ󶷳֮ǰ˲ĺٹˡ
ս񣬼͛Vٹ󶷳ľԺͼ͛V
ٹǡôı鿴źٹ
Ƕרŵͨ󶷳ǽ󶷳ֱӵ̨ϵġ
طٹˣ
սǵѾһʱˡ£ڵͼ͛VڶԾԵ
ŶٹҪ˵𣿡ʵ
ţٹͷžԺͼ͛VʽʼĵֶսսĶǲˮս񡣶ˮս׼Ԫϼʵȶλ˵仰ˮս̫ǿˣսڶսУǧҪðաоԣǡ
ʲôԾźٹˡ
ٹϢҲͶעѺں׾ʯʤġˣǲĺ׾ʯҲûˣԵ
ţҲȷʵѺں׾ʯѺע֮ǰǾѾ׼ˡ˵ʵǾû㻹ջصֵ̿Ͷע֮עһΪ֧㣬̬ȡս˵ﻰҺܲϣڶս⡣ҺͲˣϣܹõĻٹ˵
Ŀźٹһˡ
ٹ͛VΪ˵ЩҲЩʼϲԣȷʵЩжóٹⷬǷθ֮Բװװӡ
֪ˣٹһСĵġصĵ˵ͷûٶ˵ʲô
һ󶷳ɣٹЦ˵
ߣȥӦ


2994 ⽣Ӱ
սλ̭׶εֶսսһֻһǧٶʮһǧٶʮսУжʮλǻԪϼĴڡ
ߴ۹ʮŸĹս񣬾ԶǻԪϡĹսҲǻԪϼһҵս񶼲ǻԪϼһ޷ʸ֮еġ
ԪϼĴ֮£Ҫˮս׼Ԫϼǿˡ
֮ȻȻλ̭׶ΣŶսӣҲļˡ̭ͨɽ뵽֮СֻҪܹõĽɾͲһˡֻҪܽαȽϿҲܵõ˵Ľ
н̭սս񣬵Ĺ㳡ιվ̨Եȫ˵
ԵȽֶսս½̤Ĺ㳡
̭սʽʼܹӵ̭ӱս񣬽뵽ԣսǣóȫʵսʤԼĶְɣιȡ
֮У̺֮Ӱ졣ܸоԼЩսι˱仯Щսս⣬ں̵ܶʱڱѸ͵
棬ҽᰴնս˳½սս֡뱻ֵս񣬵̨
һ顭
Щ̣ǰ̭սһ
һս񣬲ϵ̨Ȼ󱻴͵ռжս
ǲˮսҹս̨
ȴ֮УιԼ֣Ȼǲˮս֡
ӰһԾ̨λˮսȴƵĶھԵ̨һʱ䣬ˮս̨̤
ι˿ˮսҲûж˵ʲô׼ԪϼǿߣԱֳһЩϸߵ̬ƺҲ顣Ѱɵս񡣿ɲˮսƵĶ
۹ι˾սͶˮսݡȷ󣬴Ӵ󶷳Ͽգ١ˣ͵˶ռ֮С
һĹУǲĶˮս񣬾ûۿԡˮսĸ߰ƺǴӹ﷢ġûнԵԼĶ֡
̨ϣкüλĿ⣬ڸոձ͵ռľԺͶˮϡ
λ˵Сӣ᲻ڶˮƳ֮ǰͶһЦſ˵
Ӧòɣ˵ˣԼͶں׾ʯսս䣬ӦòԼͶעɣһλҡͷ
Щϧˡ˵λ۹̾һ
򽭵Ժ⣿򽭵Цʵ
򽭵ֵ۹ĵ
ǺǣҲûʲôǾþСǿ֮ģλУϧˡ򽭵ҡͷ˵ҲСãǩȻܳ鵽ˮս̫֡ˣû취
ǺǡЦЦ
򽭵ǻл
ǾһһսʤǹؼȷѡԺ·úܡ˵
˵е򽭵ͷЦ
ĹλսʲôһĹЦʵ
ңĹָָָԼ
Цŵͷ
ҵϣսΪսڶˮսУֻҪ̾ͶĹδԼԾԵĵͺ⣬ܸɴ˵ˣԼϣڶˮƵС
ԣĹĲᰡλЦ۾Ĺ벻Ѱ
ٹԾսƺȻгġ˵Ͷעں׾ʯѺսʤٸߵ۹ĵٹ˵
ǵģҶԾսʮ㡣ΪսһսУĶֶˮս񡣡ٹ˵
ڵĹ̲סתĿµĿٹ
ĿдϷ֮⣬˾úٹǷҲ˼ת
ʵϣٹԾսⳡսǺĵģڽ󶷳֮ǰרҾԣȰ˵ԲҪڶսðա
ٹ󡣡Ĺûסһ䡣
ûãĹ㾰սһˣҲκźսѾʤǰֶսΪҲõ˴̿ڻ֮֡ҶԾսıֺ⡣Ĺ֪ʮ̿Уж̿ս˵ֶսٹĹ


2995 û˯Ѱɣ
ٹ˼ܼ򵥣սսλߵ֣Լ¶ˡԵĳɼҲȷʵ⡣
Ҫ֪ӵ̿̿лõĻ֣̿ڱֱصġ̿õͶעԽ࣬õ̿ڻ־Խࡣսǰ̭Уڵ̿Ͷעǳ֮ߣڵڶͶעǽӽʮں׾ʯһʤòھսջ˴̿ڻ֡
ٹⷬɫʱѿ޷ٹĻٹ˵ûĲѾջ޴ˡߣȻʮ̿ֶܽսģȴֻоλս񡣶λսУ̿ڻֳս̿ڵģһûУҾ͵̿˵໹ܴ
ٹһǲ׬ˡһĹڶԺٹ˵ÿһá
ǰȷʵܲҵٴθлĹĹĿҲûл뾰սġٹЦ˵
Ĺɫ˼֣ٹڽ˰̰ôϣսڵֶսбնɱɱ粵ǣĺû뾰սˡ
£Ѿ˾֪ĹҲ֪в˶˵Źһܺõ̿ѡ˺˵˵顣

󶷳Ͽգռ䡣
սǲĶˮսԶ
һɫ׵ĶˮսòӢ׿Ⱥ
͵˶ռ䣬λˮս񣬲۴ԡȻһӸµ̬ڸžԡ
ǸʲôԣˮսԾԿʵ
ˮսƺû˯Ѱü
ʲô˼ˮû⾰Ե仰
ѵĻôʳ⣿Цһţι̨Ϻҵ֣״ûأ
㡭ˮƱһټңЩѿ
Ȼ֪վԼˣҹսҲԼֶսеĶ֮֡ôһ䣬ҪԼԽѡֻǣûаԤƵԻ
ɣˮս˵һ䡣
ǺǣҪ䣬Ȼ䡣Ե
С䣬ΪҶˮƵĶ֡Թ䣬˷ҵʱ䡣ˮ΢΢ͷбžԣĮУ˶ԾԵӡ
Եɫ˵ȷʵֻС䣬Զ綡ˮս󡣲ܻܶˮս㣬ҵɾҪˡ
ƾ㣿ˮսЦһ
˵ʲôҲҶˮƣߣҶˮƽɽ֮ӡҶˮƣԪϼǿֹ߽ҵס˶ԷҶˮƣսǰʮսԪռ䡣
㣬ǸʲôҴԲѣǰ˵ˮƸ̨߰ϵﶼô󶷳Ա
󶷳ڣȺʱвһˣĿⶼŶˮƺ;ڵսռ䡣
ϻ˵ҹǸʲô⣬˵ȡԼؽ΢ѸٵĴ߶ȵת
ҳȫ㣡ˮսһĿɭĶžԡ
ֱ۸΢Ťһɫĵ۱̳֡
ɱԻؽŶˮսɱȥ
ˮսһɵۣΪɵɵɱȻҪ߾ܵȽӽԷ
ˮսɱɱԣ
ˮս׼ԪϣһЩԪϼǿ߶沫ɱնɱһԣֵ飿
Ҹ˵ˮսжӲסҪôץס䣬ҪôͻڶˮսС
ˮս̿ϣҿͶ׾ʯ
⾰ԴԲѣȻ˵Ҫܶˮսǲ֪ߵغ񡣡
̭ǰбֲսʤս͹ͮսЩˡƺΪԼҲǻԪϼǿˡ֣ͱ䡣

ֵ󶷳ӡ
䣡ֳؽˮս񣬵һξ룬ͱӲĵסˡ
ˮսкɫϣһƬɫۺŷס˾ԡԽؽնǺɫϣûһ
Ȼ׼Ԫϼǿߣһ棬սܱȵġмת


2996 Ȼ
ھԻؽˮսͷŵʱһЩɫĹҲǲɱĻھԵϡ
ЩɫƵĹɱȵԪԻ޵ʱϤˡĺɫƣܶԾ̫вͨ΢Ĵ߶浭ɫתǽԼϵĺɫƵ
λؽŽˮսһι߽⡣
е㱾£ȣ㻹ԶˮƼԽԼĹ⣬˵
˵֮䣬кɫڿռһ
Ԫˮսһͺȡ
ԪһŶˮʩչĹֻֻͨ͵ƻһΣʹһֽԪԡ
ڶˮƳ۱ܣɫĵʱһŰ̵ʱ֮Уɫ֮£γһƬļµĺɫĻֲöռϲҫŹ
ǻԪ
ˮս񣬾ȻԴҲ΢ˮսһЩѹ
ǵڶУ˵ԵסˮսСڣǵڶУܿܣԻֱڶˮսĻԪһй֮¡ĵƶ˵ԵסˮС

ע붡ˮƶսԱ̫ˣˮսĻԪҲʶ㲻ۼҲصĴš
ԶˮƵһι촽ĿоۡеؽٶŶˮƳȥ
նˮսһȣǿֲĻԪžɱ
ƣԿзһХ
ؽĽϣŨĹҫĿȫ΢綼߶ԴԴϵؽžһХؽݺݵڻԪһй֮ϡ
¡ײвִ˶ռ䡣
ռĿռݣ⻪ҲǸӵ
̨ϵļλĿж¶ءȻˣԺͶˮƵĽսǲܴݻٶռģ⼸λֻ΢ЩԾͷŵ
ռڣԪγɵĳǽȫסŨĺɫ⣬þԵ嶼޷ֳ濴ȥֻܿһƬɫγɵĻ
ϧĶ±ӣ˵͵һЩɣˮս˵һ䣬Ŀ⿴űԪסľԡ
һ֮£϶ǺѴˡɵȻǿ󣬵ҪסˮƵĻԪǲʵԷǻԪϼɵۡ
Ǿ˰ɣ
϶ˣɵۣҲסԪĹο⻹ǶˮսʩչĻԪ
һҲԼȻ붡ˮս֡
޴ˣˣܻΪɵҲáһЩսԱ˵
̨ϣĹɫÿ˺ܶࡣʱ˵ͷ
£ˣӦüЦտĹ˵
һǵ޷͸ȥ鿴ۣͨܶ϶Ĺҡҡͷ˵
Ȼô˵ҲΪѱնɱ
ٹǲ֮̿һսѾˡڣʲô룿ӦɫЩŵĺٹʵ
ٹתĿɨӦһۣûԷ
ռڣˮսʩչĻԪǽɢźɫĹâˣסľսӰҲٶȵ¶˳սվֳؽĽɫȻתš
ţ
ôܣôܻţ
Ȼ޷͸ȥ鿴ռڲǾԵеת˵ԲδȥѾˣͲܻл
ˣҲ϶ˣ˵
ʱľԣȷʵǺܣסˮƵһιȫѪڡǵסιķ΢
׺ݵģҺҵ΢ǰǿ˺ܶ࣬Ҷ΢ĿƴﵽȫµĲΡҪȻЩԳסԷι΢΢һ
ϵףѾŤˣܶطԵѺۡףҲǵ۱ıڴ˴ιУȴǽݻ١֪ˮƵĹжô׺ȻԲδһ֮ܵصƣһЩ΢ƣӰ쾰ԼԷɱ
䣡΢ɢȥĺɫкȻ


2997 ǿֶ
Ʋĵ۱ףԳеøΪ׺ֳؽһˮƳ̡
ʲôˮһ¡
ΪԼԪĹ֮£ľԶ׶༪٣ܽһҲǱشзϵ״̬ԼʵţԼжҲšҲΪˣԼĳ۱ֻǱ˫ңңŻԪɢȥ
뵽Ծ׺ޱȵ̬˳
ڶռ֮ˣ޷֪ԵϢǶˮȴ֪úٳ̶ľԣϢǲδзֺļҲ˵ԵȻ۷״̬
ôܣˮſžԼԽԽľԡ
ģ쵰ֱ֮ͣ׷Ԫϼɵˣˮ߰úܣʵȷʵҲǿ˵Ԫϼǿֹ߽Ҳʵ
ৣˮƲдѸȡԼĺɫ۱
ɫ񣬱ʵĵܾۼ
е˼ֵ۹򽭵һ¶Ц˵
벻һսпͷҲͷ˵
˵һսȻָǾ붡ˮսһս
λսǰģΪλԪУڱսλ֮ǰֶûһλһ˵
ǸҹСҪˡһСս񣬾ǿᣬզ࣡ٸߵ۹ĵҲ˵һ䡣
λˣˮս뾰ԵĶսδܷδ֪Ĺ̲ס˵
ڼԴӻԪгʱĹҲܵ˼ĳոջָλ˿޾ԣܲ
ǺǣҲǣĹ˵ûսס˶ˮսĻԪˮսֶΣɲˡĹЦЦ
ĺٹڳԱȻһۣÿ˵У˷֮ɫ
ңҪ㣡
ռ䣬ˮսû˵Ȼı飬ʱݣԵɲŭ
ʥˮս
ʥҲһǻԪռһλϵĻԪϼɵƥмǿĹзǳ׵ķ
Ԫռ䣬Ϊɵۼǿܶ࣬ҲԶԪܱȡ֮䣬ҲźܴĲࡣԪϼɵ۵ѹֶΣԲѰɵܱȡ
⡣
ԪУ컯ɵȫһλǵɵۡɵۡӰɵ۵ȵɵܹȵģ
ʥǰԪռУǿ֮һ
ˮս񣬾һȻˣˮսʩչʥǲλĹϻԪϼɵʩչȡ
ˮսʱԾԷĵιɲֻʩչʥˮսһ׼ԪϼɵۣʵǼǿġʥ֮󣬲ǽڽʩչԵУٴλϣоµĹֶΡ
µֶΣʥԼĻԪϣҲĳɹˡͬʱʩչһ̶ϣܹϣศɵĽжԵйһĹܹõϴȵ
ˮսܹﵽ׼ԪϼΣҲΪֶΣǿĹֶΡֶΣܹһЩԪϼɵ潻֡
ˣۿˡ
ǰֻţˮսͬʱʩչʥͻԪ϶գۿĿֲֶΡ
öˮսȫԸҲˡ
һΣһͳ̶ȣֱЩˡһսҲ͵˽ˣˮսȫԸĳɱܼܲQᱻʳɷ۳ɣ
󶷳ڵĺܶߣĿתʥԪͬʱʩչ澰
ʱ򣬾Ҳǳ嵽˾붡ˮսϽĵطؽѾֱӹˮսˡʥҲǾмǿģԵԻؽŶˮնȥʱ̾˷ǳ͵ơ
裬֮ľǾ˵ɱܹƥлԪϼɵȫһݺݵĶԾɱ
ˮսɭ䣬žԵĿУ¶ֳ졣ͬʱҲǼٵĺҪ뾰롣


2998 ԵǬǧػ
ˮսɱ鼫ḻɵҲһδδսԣȻΪʥԪ֮²Ҵ棬ȻҪ뾰롣
ֽСģҲöˮսڴսлΪġ
ɵɵ۶սܺӵһ㣬һҪ߾ȫֹɵ۽ʵǿѹԷԶˮս˵սʵȻôСԶѹԡ
ϹϢᡣ
ˮƣȻܽȫͬͬʱʩչ໥֮γϡ
⹥ǿģԸӦܣӿޱѹ
ֲ΢תɬ΢磬ڳܾ޴
ǱķɲУˮƵʵԪӦǼΪӽһɵۡȫɵˡԿٵת˼⡣
˿ٶ룿ܣҷŷݣĿһŷ
Ǳˮĵɵ۷ŷݣǾ΢ٶ࣬ҲŲסá΢Ĵﵽһ̶ȣɱ֮ʱԣǲöˮ˵Զ
ȣԿһͺȣؽݺݵնһ£ʥͻԪ΢һЩ
ս񣬻ǲɱĻܰҡͷ˵
ţӦûϣȡʤˡˮսʵ̫ǿʥͻԪͬʱʩչսܹӲһҲǺͻƳȥˮս񣬿Գûٶ뾰սľ롣
ɵɵ۽֣һЧĽսܻ߱նɱҲʱˡɵǿ󣬿ɲܶԵ˽ĻԶ̹̫ˡ
ˮսҲǹСĵģʩչ֮󣬾Ȼ˺롣
λɵ̨ϣǶԾ붡ˮսĶս˷
ǣȻǲþԡ
ҲǣĿǰսܵסˮսιҲᱻĥ㾰ս΢繻ǿ󣬵̶ֳܼܳȵ
ս񣬸ˡ򽭵˵
ս䣬Ӧܻɣ򽭵
ֻҪ䣬ܹסˮսιܻ󣬶ˮǼҷ۹ֹģȻĵͷ˵ϣλսܲôְִɣ
˵ٸߵ۹ĵȴЦһ
Ǳ΢ؽնһЩһ̣ȡԼı׽
Ǭǧػ˫ĿŷٴηһȣԴǬǧػŶˮʩչ
ǬǧػǬһĸ߶˹ʽԪռʱǬǧػɱͷڰ׺ӵĻޡԪ˫ɵۣƾǬǧػһսǶǿԳһɵۺ¦λǿɵˡ
˰ԪΪϲʹãþʱ޷ʩչǬһԺڵļ΢һǬһںڵϴﵽ𼶾ʱ򣬱ǿǬһӳ׵սǶǬǧػǲЧʩչ
ֱǰգžǺëֽԪƬռ䣬߼ĺڵ΢оһЩϸ΢ĵáԺȻķ֣ǿںڵ̤ɵۼ֮ǰٴܹʩչǬǧػһ͵
£ҪʩչǬǧػҪڵҲ̤ɵۼġǬǧػʩչͨǬһʩչѶȴöࡣΪ϶ԻԪƬռ߼ڵܹڵֻ۷徳磬ͿʩչǬǧػһֲɱС
ǬǧػһʩչһӰ糱ˮһ۳ÿһӰУɲֻеܣ̺žԵܡ
ǬǧػĻʥͻԪƿ۵ĽӰ˳Ĵȱڳ˳ȥں󳷵Ķˮսϯȥ
ʱ򣬶ˮսֱЩԼ۾Ϊʱľίʵ̫ˡԪռ䣬ɵȻв٣еɵ۶еڵһⲢöˮս⣬޷ǣʩչ˵
ˮս񣬸ӦϯĽӰУżֲԲѰӦһַǳǿĹľԣôܡʩչǿƥ


2999 
Ԫռ䣬е˫ɵۡ˫ɵʩչǿģɾȻ˫ɵۣôʩչ
ˮսˡ
ɵۣǼʶˣǴʱ˾ȴһδ֪Ŀֻšʩչ֪
ʲôȻվһ
Ŀ⣬žԣžʩչǬǧػ
ôܣʩչģǵɵۣȻҲһͷˮͷ𶯣̲סʳɻͲ졣
Щˣֵ۹򽭵Ҳǵɴ۾˵ôһ仰
ʲôδλ˭սʩչһѯˡ
Ȼ޷ӦǬǧػֻܲ۾ۿǵҲܿǬǧػĲǿȷʩչԲǻԪռѰһּ侫ǿ
Ҳû
δʩչ
ôܣѵҲԼܣԲܣǵɵۣٸߵ۹ĵҡͷ
˻˿
λǸղŻ˵ս񼴱㵲ס˶ˮսһҲܻΪȱԶֶ̹Ρɵ߷ԶͲܶԶˮսɵвڿǵĿˡλɵۻ˵
쿴ˮսȻЩмܲסˣһ
ǬǧػܣѾǽӽ˶ˮսΪԾԷιʱ򣬾ԾѾܽȻڷ̺󳷣ûü̫ԶԵǬǧػͷˡ
ģˮսŭ
ӦµԼٶԼɱһӰ಻ÿһӰ̺ſֲɱ߶͵ǿסǰ漸ӰЩסˡ
ŭ̼Լķ۱
ˮεɵۣӵеıȻ࣬ҲȻлԪռжķ۱۱߶֮棬һƬɫĹĻɫĻסǬǧػһӰȻʱĶˮսܣķ۱Ҫ߶ޣһľͷǳء
ˮս񣬵սľĴ߶۱ֵǬǧػĹΪԼ΢һЩ΢һЩô۱ܱƿ
쵰ôôǿˮսŤ
ʱ󶷳԰˺ܶ࣬Щۿս붡ˮսɱԱȫֻͣþ㵵һĻ
ǵ𺳣ǺܶһйġҲΪΪ˸е޷⣬οЩˣ
͛Vһ˫ĿУ⻪ת
һֱҾȻ֪սʵ͛VתоԼ඼ֱ¹Ծ
ƣռеľսٶȷһ
еı׽ֻ˳صؽݺݵĺʥͻԪγɵܡ
ߣƺһ΢΢һ
Ըо΢𶯣΢ִѺۣҲǳɢʥͻԪĹܣȷʵײп¡Ǻڵ΢ļӹȶһǾҪþԱ΢ˡ
ˣҲǳɹƿܣҲܵһĴˣûסһѪӿ
ˮսԳ忪ŶˮƳ̹ȥؽЯ֮ѹȥ
ˮƺòףסǬǧػܣһԼͿԳ嵽˽ǰʶģӴܡ
岨һʶ깥
깥岨˲ϯ깥͵ĳߵĶˮսΪһ岨ĹҲǵõһ£岨Ǻвˮɵ۵ġɴʱȻˮѾ˵侲ˡ
£Ƕ岨깥ܹӳЧʱ
ˮսһҽУܹΪûܹڵһʱ𣬾ҵʹк
ɱԵؽݺݵŶˮսȥ
֮ľ֮£ˮƱ޿ɱܣֻ÷۱ǿֵȻΪľ޴ĺķҲ޷ȫˡ
䣡ؽĽ棬նڶˮƷ۱Ļ֮ϡ


3000 ɳƻԪ
ˮƴ߶ķ۱ȷʵǿ£۱ڶˮǿԵֵһЩԪϼǿ߹ġ
Ȼʱ˿̵Ķˮս˷硣ǰһ̵ֵʩչǬǧػǿֱ壬ؽֱɱʱ߶۱γɵķԶûдﵽ޳̶ȡ
ۣ
ɫĹĻؽĽ֮£ǻΪƬɢ
ˮսķ۱γɵػǽԵĽǿסˣǿƥγɵȴɫĻմݣصĳڶˮսϡ
ˮսַһҽС
~ѪУӿɫ˲Ұף˵ľ񶼼ήҡ
׼ԪϼǿߣǲĶˮս񣬱شˡ
ԲδΪˮսشֹ֣ͣؽǿվĶˮսɱȥ
Ϊˮδ䣬ҲΪˮҪɱԡ
˻ؽھԵӳ֮£˶ˮƵ
񱩵ٴݻٶˮƵ
ⲻܣҡˮžԣֻ۾ڵĹʣڱð
ǵѪҺεδɫǰλá۱ףҲǱؽƿһӡ
ȲĵĶˮսԴ
һս֮ǰˮսûԼܻᱻսܣӲԼܻھսСģֻСսܵסԼļι
ˮƣɽ֮ӣԪϼǿ߶ֹΡˮƣôܻܸһûʲôСսʼΪԸûʸΪˮƵĶ֡
ս֮һʬ壬Ϊսĵʯ
ս붡ˮսĶսսʤ۹ĹԱһսĽ
ԺͶˮսʬ壬ͳռ䡣
󶷳ȸ
ע붡ˮƶսԱͷǳ࣬ʱЩûж˶սעߣҲ¶𾪵ı飬Ϊ˷۹ԱĽҹսʤˡ
ܣôܣ
ˮսˣˮսɱˣ
ⲻģһģ
ҡҵĺ׾ʯ˺ޣʧ̫ĺ׾ʯ
֮󣬴󶷳ڣűӵĽܶˣ޷Ľսܶˮսڶս֮ǰû˶ֽһԤϡ
ˮƣսʮǿߣ׼ԪϼǿߣԪϣͲһƺŶѡǿĶˮսôǸҹľս
սʵǿ˹˾̾˵
ҹսŻԪϼʵ
սܹɱˮս֤ʵЩԾսɶԾսмˣʱҪˡ
սǻԪռ䣬ȽȽǣ
󶷳УһЩ޾Ե֡
Ҳ飬Ϊնɱ׼Ԫϼǿ߶ˮս
λ̭׶ǰֶսУȻԽʤõ˴ȵǺܸߡԵˣ̫̫ˣȻڸ۾ԣ֮Уûʲô𾴵ģ˵кܴһڵ٩
նɱˮ֮󣬷ɾͲһˡʵǿһ̶֮ȻȻģڶءԵʱɾͲôˡǣὫԵǿߣŻԪϼʵĿǿߣվڻԪռ۷һεĴڡ
̨ϣ
󲻵ۣе˵
ս񣬵Ǻηʥ򽭵žԣ˵
ս񣬿ɳƻԪ˰ɣһλͻȻ˵
һ仰˵˶תĿ
սʵ붡ˮսĶս֮УǶˡʵϣǾ벿ֻԪϼǿ߶ɱһˡս񣬾ʩչǿʩչҲˣܺ£ǳ˻ԪдɣΪƻԪϣҲˡλ˵ǻԪ۹֮һİͿ˵۹ĵ壡
λ˶ݵĳĬ
ǺǣƻԪ£ǾͱˡЦЦ˵
˵û˵ҲʵսʵȷʵǴﵽԪϼˡңλսӦ൱ģδӦǻо޴ǱԼֵ۹򽭵Ŀ⾼˵


3001 ʧǵĹ
λڳ޾սʱʵҲԼС˼
ܳΪһԪ۹ĵǾܼ򵥣ǻԪϼǿ⣬ҲҪǳһ۹άֳʢ˥Ҫעķܶ࣬£ǿ߱һҪء˵ɱ˶ˮսľԣܵ˼λӡ
ĹʱɫԵò԰ףЩʧˡоԼһҪĶԵ񣬱Щ͡ĸ֪ҲЩá
ˮս̿ڡˮս񱻾սɱĹĳʵ̫ˡʱ򣬾սûȥҹûʹѺע̿ڣˡǣл뾰Ժþսʹ̿ڣȻĻᣬȴĹָ͵ġ
ʧжֻ˵޷
һ̿ڵʧǲʲôں׾ʯͶעʧʲô޷ܵģǾսľ޴Ӱ졣
ֻҪ⣬ƾ辰ս̿ڣǿԴӰˡ˥˵ĲܿܽսӰ죬ڶдֱӴλãǸߵλá
ʱĺٹɵЦšԱҲЦúϲ£졣
ˣǶԾսսˮս񲻱ϣġͶעں׾ʯûյûں׾ʯѺעӿʼٹˣǱʧ뷨ڣûʧں׾ʯܴд׬һʡȻˣսӰȣ⼸ں׾ʯҲ㲻ʲô
£ǲҪˡ褹˵
ǰһУ˸оһ㡣컯Ū˰ٹЩп˵
ӹΰٹ
£ҾãӦǲˡЦ˵
뾰ԺҪԭ˾Ժͼ͛VǲҲ뾰սĺ

Ӷռ䱻ͳľԣص˼͛Vߡ
ս񡭡͛VĿ⾼Ŀžԡ
£оΣû붡ˮսĶսȷѡɣԿЦԼ͛V˵
͛VȰ˵Է붡ˮƵһս
ǣֻǡսʵô֮ǿˮս񣬶ɱˣ˭뵽أ͛Vһ˵
սĳˣҹҲˡ͛V˵
ҹƬС½ġǵӰĻԪռ䡣˵
͛V仰Ҳ¶֮ɫ
ȻɫһԾԵս㡭᲻뿪ҹ
ʵľսҪ£ԵĹҿ϶ܶࡣЩǵ۹¶£ԡҹһСңסǿɵ
͛VҲǲⵣġ
·İɣҾԣһֱҹս񡣡ԼûԥģͶԼ͛Vĳŵ
ս񡭡͛V֣ס˾սơ
һӰߵ˾Ժͼ͛V
ԣˣԾԺĿҲھԵϡ
תĿԷ
˵ϣо˼ΣյϢȷ˵ʵҪǶˮƻҪǿöࡣ˵ӦһλԪϼĴڡ
ԣλľ׶Σɸһս˶Ծ˵
ǣЦЦʵ
սǶ¬ս񡣡͛VæԾ˵
¬ս񣬻Ԫϼǿߡս񣬾ǻԪϼսҲǡ
͛V˵Լݺ֣¬ս΢΢һЩ
ԣӦս񣿡¬սֶԾԵ
µ˭ʶԷݡ
¬սɫʱһڣղż͛VѾԾԽ¬ս񣬶ԾȻһ顣ʲô˼Ƕ¬սӰѵСӣһλԪϼǿߣӦñֵþʧ
¬սѹŭ⣬˿˵ս¬
Ŷԭ¬ս񰡣ЦЦ˵
ԣ㵽׸ҲھҶս¬ս۶žԡ
ǸҲҵ⣬ҪԵ˳ȻͺáҪĻսһҲ޷ҪսʲôսϴЦ˵
㡭¬սĿŭ𣬶ݺݵžԡ
ٴһãܺã
¬սת߿Լ̲סŭͶԾԳ֣ǿΥġ


3002 ô
¬սŭתȥϵЦݽ䡣
սǲǵ¬սˣ͛VžԵ
£¬սǶսڵڶֶսоѾﶫˡǹͮõľǶ̿ҡҡͷԼ͛V˵
ţҲǣֻû뵽¬սᵱԹսǻԪϼǿ߰͛VҲĹĵ˵
ղŹλǶ¬ս񣿡
û¬ս񡣡
¬ս񣬻ԪϼǿߣսʮĴڡ
ƺҾսͼ͛Vģ˵ʲô
¬սҪսھ׶սǵĶԻˡ
ʲô£ûԪϣȻþսսǲе㡭
սɲѰɵۣսɱ˶ˮս񡣡
սϾûлԪϵĳƺţίʵǲʡ¬սѵͲԽݣ

¬սҾսһ£Ҳ˾ֲۡھսδӦ¬սĶսҪҲû˾þսûеӡԭܼ򵥣¬սǻԪϼǿߡս¬ս¬սӦս˿ܻ˵¬սûеӦսͲ˵սǺûеӲžܾ¬սս
սֶͨսѺעӮȡں׾ʯǣôô׾ʯ͛V뵽ѺעӮȡ˾׾ʯͰ಻סļ
ѺעͶעں׾ʯѺԼʤʱѺʤһĵ壬Ͷעں׾ʯǿɵõں׾ʯ⸶ȥǮǾ׬ں׾ʯ
һǳ˵֡
ǺܶԪռʱ䶼ղں׾ʯ
ֶ̭սǾȥʲôʲôЦЦ
ţ͛Vͷ
ͨ˵ֶսǽҪˡս̭ɱ˶ˮսھп϶ܹ뿿ǰսˡʱ򣬻ܻüλܽǰʮĻӦþܵõһЩԴ͛V˵ţͷܵõʲôλˡ
ܽǰսʮܵõʲôĽʡ
ǰʮ͛VȻԵǰʮǲܵģǰʮǻԪϼǿߡڹȥսλУûδûԪϳƺŵɵۻܻԪϼɵۡ
ˮս׼ԪϼɵۣȻܹһЩԪϼɵ۽֣ҲܻܻԪϼɵۡһ˫ɱʱ䳤ˣܵҲضǶˮս׼Ԫϡս׼ԪϺͻԪϣϿƺҲͲһƺţʵǲһġ˵ûԪϳƺŵɵۣܹһЩصĺô
ڵʲôôҾͲ֪ˡ׼ԪԪϼɵۣ𣬲ֻһƺŶѡһЩǿ׼ԪɵۣԪϼɵ۲ɱҲһʱڵĶԿ͛VԾ˵
Ϊˣս˵սǰʮȫܵġοЩμսĻԪϣԶǵ۹ͶսЩս񣬿ɲĻԪϼɵۡ
ţ֪Ҿʣһ޹ؽҪЦ˵
Ҳǣ͛VЦŵͷ˵ǰʮܻʲôҲÿһսλУǰսõĽͬضǷǳǳĽѰ취޷õĶ
ĻҲȡһˡ۾˵һ䡣
ս˵ʲô͛Vû徰˵ʲô
ûû£ǼսɡЦŰ֡
սλ̭׶εֶսһǳһʱ䡣жսν۹ιվ̨ıԵ
λսλ̭׶εĵֶսѾȫˡһֶսĽҲʾ̭׶εĽֶͨսս񣬶뵽׶Ρ
Ҫϲ׶εİ˰ٶʮս񡣡
Ϊ׶εƣ̭׶βͬ׶εĶսҲҪͨǩԣھͿ뿪󶷳ˡ֮н׶εսص󶷳յľλιص쳹ȫ
ι˵ЩʱĿ⣬οȺ֮еľԡ
˵ʵιҲû뵽սܹʱѺעĸ˱һרͨ˵ҪڵֶսаһսʤֵʱЩִġ


3003 
ιҲڵֶսаһ޷սĶ֡Ȼһȴ˵˰ΪѺע롣Ѻע棬ȻҲǷ۹ˡ
ԣιڵֶսи԰˶ˮսΪ֡ˮսսʮλǿߣԶˮսȻǲлս֡
˭뵽أǱ£ˡιа˵һ䡣
ڣҶɢ˰ɣ׶Σڰ֮СʱڣزҪ뿪Сιּ˵
˵УھٰսλʱУʵλءһλڼ뿪УǾ޷ٽˡǽսֻҪ뿪Ҳһٻ
󶷳ڵߣ½뿪Ժͼ͛VҲ˴󶷳
ѺעӦͶעƾ֤һƬ֮̾жһ˾ں׾ʯ
Ѻע󣬾Ժͼ͛Vֱȥ˽򣬾ֱ˽״
ϴڽ״ĺë࣬ԾԵİ޴󡣿˵ʹԴþڶս֮ǰ˲ٵսǾǲܻǲˮսģɱԷ
ë˾Ե壬þԶ΢Ƹǿͬʱܹһ̶ԪƬռĺɫҲ߼ĺڵΪ߼ڵЩգԲܹʩչԼǬǧػ
࣬ͬǶ޴࣬Եǿ˾ڵ΢ͬʱҲ΢Ϊȹ̺ͼ͡
ȷһ㣬ڰԪռ֮УвԴǶṩ޴ġԪռԪռԴǲͬġȻˣͨԴûʲôôˣҲֻһԴнΪԵЧ
׶ΣԻʱʵʱ䣬ҪúáԴҲǱزٵġھгڵĺ׾ʯһԴ㹻򵽺ܶܶࡣ
ЧĺëԴٿšǰǴĶٿźëǱȫʹˣԸоúëȻܼԼ塣
ڽ״Ժͼ͛VֱӾ͹ں׾ʯĸԴں׾ʯǾԼãں׾ʯǼ͛Vġ͛VԴУ󲿷ֲԼã׼ڳʵҵĹ⡣
ں׾ʯĸԴ㹻ҹĹΪӯˡϾҹֻһСңɵۼǿû٣ԴģԵҲͱȽ١
ӽ״˴Դ󣬾Ժͼ͛VסһЩʱ䣬뾰Ժͼ͛V硣ٹΪսͼ͛V׼칦硣
Ծܾ˲μ칦磬Ե˼ǣ칦ȵսλ׽˵Ȱ˵κûþԸı⣬Ҳֻܰˡս񲻲μ칦磬͛VҲǸžԾܾˡ
صľٹ
£սͼ͛V˼ǣսλȫ칦Ժٹ
ŶٹᡮŶһ
׼칦磬Ϊ˸лԡȫʤսλľĺôڼսвѺעӮȡĺ׾ʯλĹĳˡ칦һҲΪ˽һ뾰սͼ͛Vϵ
£սͼ͛Vܼ֡˵
ţ֪ˡǣؾսͼ͛V˼ٹͷ
ǲͨսһ̿ڣõ˶ٻ֣ѺעǱߣϢӦó˰ɣٹתʵ
ϢѾˣս̿ڵõĻֳʮ֮ޡ
̿Ͷעֱأ
ٹ֣̲סզզࡣ
һսλǲõͶע̿ڣܱζһٹܵ˵
ǵı£չӿսһ̿ڻõѺע֣ǲһսλеõͶע̿ˡо׶ΡսھУӦҲܻһЩѺע֡
ţսλһҪúøлսͼ͛Vٹصĵ˵ͷ
ͬʱԱľĹԱһУ쳣İƺһʱû˿˵ˡ
һսλУʧءõѺע֣ҲԤеٺܶࡣĲ˵һˮս̿ڣʧ˴Ѻע֡


3004 ۹
ˮս̿ڣӦܹصôѺעֵģϧ
Ӵ󶷳ص֮ĹȻûƽ飬ʱǼĸӣڡŭǵȵС
ô˵ˣ
ӦⲻһֱܶôҲ˵ˣĹӷڵˣ䡣
Ӧ嶼ڷ
̭׶εڶֶսУͶעǧ׾ʯˡֶսУͶעں׾ʯѪ޹顣Ӧʲôڡ
£ڲ׷ĳεʱʧĺ׾ʯĿǰľƣ㲻ΪҪˡǣǺúıһ½ľ׶ΰɣھУ޷õѺע֣һεսλǲٵõλ̿ˡڣսФǳƵ
Фǣս񣬻ԪϼǿߣսʮλĴڡ
ФսĻĹ˶ɫ΢䡣
սֻ̿ս뵽˾ĹФսʹ˵
ţԽˣǾԽӦ侲ĳıФսͷ˵ǸԣʱҲҪȥ˼Ըˡ
ѵŹĹҧҧʵĵ
ֻʱȷ´£սλ󣬿˵ҹƣе۹ҪӴսˣ̭׶εı̫ˡԣ϶е۹Ҫ۹Ҳ˼Ф˵
Ĺһ̾һ̾ϢУĶ̫ˡ
ļĳ۹ͼûбĻˡ

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£鷳ҽһ¾̡ԶԼ͛V
ǰ͛VûжԾ˵սλ׶ε顣Ϊû뵽սܹյ۹λصʱҲͶԾԽ̭׶ε̡
ڣԽ˾
ã͛V˵׶Σ̭׶β̭ͬ׶Σ֡׶һʼ
ս׶ΣսǵĶսɷ۹ǩţսѡ֡ܶսϲ̳ΪսʵҲȫɵģսǰսǲܶսսġ˵սһս񣬰չǲսģڶսսСκս񣬶һսսұսսҲӦսǾܾӦսΪʧܡ͛VԾԽ;Ĺ
ǵһβμսλǰϹսûεսǲǿսս񣿡һ
ǵģսֻսսǰ˰ٶʮս񡣡͛Vͷ׶ʽʼʱ򣬷۹ṫһнǰ˰ٶʮս񣬶ᱻʾ
˼ЦЦ
սɲܴ⡣ÿһλս񣬶ֻսᡣаΣʱܲ仯͛Vɫ
ֻս᣿ǡоսˡü
ţǵģսֻҪȥսЩԪϼǿ߾ˡսԾսʵһս֮͛VžԣĿ¶֮ɫ
Ѿ󣬾ܽսǰʮǸжôʡҹҲմ⡣ʱԪ߶˵ҹľսսǶٶ
ˣԵͷ

ٸߵ۹Աס֮
£ңٸߵ۹ʢǴ󳼣˱΢ǰ
ţʢǴ󳼣˵ҹսйӴ΢ʢǴʵ
ʢǴɫһ
һ½ȥ죡΢һת˵
ԸʢǴæӦ
ȥҹľս˵ٸߵ۹΢
ʲôʢǴסˣ΢ˣҪҹľս
ңݲ½Լȥ뵽Լ뾰ԽӴβ϶ʢǴһĶЩˡ
û΢üͷһ塣
ˡʢǴæͷӦ
˾ͺãʢǴ󳼣ҹսʵҲ֪ˡңսһǱɵۣӦвСʵռ䡣ԣµҪ԰ɣܵģʲôҪֻҪ̸̸̫֣΢˵ͷ˵
£֪ˡֻǡһܾأԣ̫˵ʢǴ󳼵ͷ˵


3005 ܾ
΢ȥȰ˵Լٸߵ۹ʢǴ֮ǿܵġɶԱ΢ԸΥ档ٲԸҲùԹȥҾս
ǵ֮ǰ뾰ս֮ĦԼ˵ԵĿԲڸԼǰ·
ܾ
ֻҪ㹻ĺôͲܾǵ΢ЦһҹһСܸṩʲôԸٸߵ۹ϽԵõ޴İԲںĶѵ᲻ϼڲõĽѵõԪϵĳƺ𣿡
£֪ˡǡھȥս񡣡ʢǴӦ˵
ȥɣ̬ϣŵһЩҲǿԵġϾλսɱˮƵʵˮƿ׼Ԫϼǿߡ΢
ǣʢǴӦ֮ת˳ȥ
ٸߵ۹ʢǴԺͼ͛Vʱ򣬼͛V뾰Խ;׶εһЩ̡
սڣʢǴվڷ֮⣬ʵ
˭棿͛Vʵ
ٸߵ۹ʢǣ뾰ս̸һ̸ʢǴ󳼱Լݡ
֮УԺͼ͛Vһۡ
ʲôüʢǵӡ󲢲áˣӦϵĳЩ˹ϵ
սҲµòӦ£ġ룬ٸߵ۹ǵ۹͛VһЩģҲ֪ЩǿĹңսλʱ䣬ȥ£һЩɫս
£ÿһսλڼ伸ֹᷢ۹ͬʱһսԾսλеı֣Щ۹ҪԣҲǺ顣ʢǴ󳼴ʱҾԣսĿԺܴ
սλδǾ£ˣԱϾǵһβμӻԪսλ
λȻδսѾչֳǿʵǱ͛Vҡҡͷ˵սҪٸߵ۹ʢǴ𣿡
һҲ޷뿴ǴôҡЦЦ
͛VҲ¶ЦݣȴһЩġȻ˵뿪ҹҲžԵĳŵҲһ
ǵ۹֦
Ԫܱߴ۹е˲ж٣ܹܾߴ۹˾͸ˡһ۹ṩ̨ǲҹСҿԶԱȵġ
˵սҹҹ޷սṩʲôġ෴ģǾսԸҹṩ޴İ
սʵȻϣԶҹս񣬵ǲƽġܽԪ۹һ۹лҪݵλ˵Ҳо޴İҲΪԼ˽ģȰ˵ҹ͛V³һĶԾ˵
͛VֿܳҲǱȽϸӡ
£֪ôģ㲻̫ࡣҡҡͷº͵˵
ʢǴ󳼣ɣԶ溰
Ƭ̺ٸߵ۹ʢǴ󳼱˽
ս񣬼͛VּˡʢǴ󳼽ˣһЦ˵
ʢǴ£ٸߵ۹Ĵ󳼣ǲˣԿʢǴЦ˵
ʢǴ΢һĨΣܿ͵սͲҪҵЦˡھսǰʢʲôս񣬿ŻԪϼʵԪҲŵϺŵǿߡ
ʢⷬǹάˡԪռ䣬ӵлԪϼǿ߳ƺŵɵ۶в٣ƺŶûС˵ڻԪռŵϺţǾԵĹάˡڣڻԪռȷʵǺܴˡ
ʢǴ󳼣ǾͲҪϻˡңʲô£԰˰ʵ
֪սֱӣҲͲĨˡҾսԾս񷢳룬ϣսܹٸߵ۹⣬Ҳٸߵ۹΢˼΢˶Ծսǳ͡ʢǴ۾žԣ˵ⷬ
Цһ
ʢǴ󳼣ҹսôܼٸߵ۹أԵ
ûйϵֻҪս㹫ʾԼѾҹͿˡһ뿪ҹͿ̳Ϊٸߵ۹ĳԱȻˣٸߵ۹ҲҹܷĲϾҹʧȥ˾սǿߣǲҹװ׳ʧʢǴƵ
ʢǴ󳼣ٸߵ۹ĺ⣬ҾˡǣҲ뿪ҹΪת΢ҾԺܸл̧٣Ҳܽٸߵ۹롣ҡͷܾ


3006 
ʢǶԾԵ̬ԤϣԤеԲ׾ͬٸߵ۹ⷬʢǴ󳼵ı鲢ʲô仯
ս񣡡ʢǴϿ˵һ£Ҫ̹סӦһЩ˽սĹϵЩ֮ǰҶԾսһЩءڣʽսǸֻϣսҪΪҸ;ܾٸߵ۹롣
λʢǴ󳼵ǸʱϹ
ԵЩ⣬û뵽ʢǴõŵ¡
λʢǴ󳼣ҲǼﰡа
ʢǴˣҿԺȷ˵ΪʢǴ󳼸˵ԭҲžܾٸߵ۹롣ǣȷʵ뿪ҹٴҡͷ˵
ս̬ȼ޷˵սˡʢǴ¶εı顣
ʱٸߵ۹ı΢ŵսĺôֻҪսԸٸߵ۹ٸߵ۹ͿԸ辰սԴͺôڼս֮ʢǴ󳼲ûл뾰սһ̸Ϊ̬ȷǳ̸ֿ̬ȡ
ԣʢǴ˵컨׹Ҳûʲôô
ðɣս񡢼͛VҾиˡһȥҪ˸ʢǴ󳼶ԾԺͼ͛Vǡ
ʢǴߡԵ˵ͷ
սĲǿ𣿡ʢǴ뿪֮󣬼͛Vž˵
ÿǡ԰ڰ֡

ʢǴ󳼻ȥ΢Եļᶨ̬ȸ˱΢
ս񣬶ҹ֮𣿡΢Щ⣬ü˵
£սҹĸ˵͛VĹϵȻһ㡣սͼ͛Vľͬһᡣ͛VȷʵҲǳ޴󡣡ʢǴ󳼿˵
ţ΢˵ͷʢǴ󳼣㽫λĹ󳼶й
ǣʢǴӦһ
֮ٸߵ۹棬۹Ĺ󳼶˱΢ǰ
λǹǶԾսʲô΢ˣЦ˵
ҹս񣿡
£λսڱսλб˷˼ɵۣսλ֮ǰȻʵ˷ѽ⡣
ǰҹս񣬾ȻǲĶˮսʵǿ
ҹСңǿս񣿡
˷׷׷ԣ
ҶԾսʵϿɡ΢ͷ
սٸߵ۹ɣսɵۣͺҲСȷʵֵһڵ
ѾʢǴȥ뾰ս̸ս̬ȺǼᶨ뿪ҹ΢ҡҡͷ
΢仰ڳ˶
£Ȼսܾٸߵ۹ǶǣһĿ⿴ű΢
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ս˵뿪ҹⲢ֣ٸߵ۹޷һ£΢۾һ£˵ôһ仰
Ŷǣ΢
µ˼ǣһ̽ʡ
ǿԸսһ۹󹫾ݡ΢˿˵
󹫾
һңͨвٹĹ塣һ˵𣬾ǹ߼ͷˡ֮ϣǾǹˡڹͷҲΪѰʹ󹫾֡󹫾ǷǳǳٵģκһҶˡҹǰλ󹫾ڡ
һ۹󹫾ĹͷͨҲ١ٸߵ۹ĳ󹫾һҲڣ΢ȴҪһ󹫾ĹͷΡ󹫾ܵĴ۹󹫾൱ġҪ˵𣬿ܾ󹫾ֵ۹ڲĸȨϻ糣󹫾ôԡ
۹󹫾ȥһ㶼Ƿǳǳصġٸߵ۹ʷϣȥ󹫾Ҳôȼ
£⡭̫˰ɣսʵǿҲﲻ̶Ȱɣٸߵ۹ȥ󹫾ɶǻԪϼɵ۰սδõԪϼƺšһüص
ǰ£ҹս񣬲ֵٸߵ۹˶Դɣһ˿ڵ
ڳˣ඼Ǿã뾰Ե۹󹫵̫ˡ


3007 ͥ
ǿǻԪռߴ۹֮һٸߵ۹
սʵȷʵǿ˿սʵԶﲻٸߵ۹󹫾ȹͷ£ĵزοԻٸߵ۹Ϊ۹һԱ
ԣһбµĿǰɣǰ뾰ֹһĦʢǴ󳼣û˵ԵĻ
΢תĿ˿ʢǴ󳼣΢΢ĵ˵ͷ
ھսʵǲٸߵ۹󹫾ʾáصģδǱΪսδһЩϣͥ΢һ
˻΢仰ڳ˶һ
ͥ
֣˵񶼱ˡͥԪռϵڣûûйܹսͥȨ
ͥһԣһҡǵ۹ҲԶ޷Ǹ߸ϵͥ⡣ţͥŽɽܣΪ֪ͥͨԪͨ
ʱ΢˵սδпܽͥ
£Ҳ̫߿ս˰ɣԻԪΪֹһʮλһ˵˵û˵ȥ
˵ǣԪռ䵮ͥһʮλۡ
ǰѾܾãûɵܽͥˡԼһָоλսһЩϣġԣΪǻһЩ£ԣϣǴرġ΢
Ƕٸߵ۹ԪϼԵ۹ҲȽͥڣûٸߵ۹׽Ĵڡٸߵ۹ͥĻȨĿǰ˵㣡΢˵˵仰ʱǳء
ڳٸߵ۹ˣ˵ˡ
£ǸҲúÿһ¡ңҲ⼸һ롣΢תĿֻڳˣ˵
΢ˣҲûãҪҪ뾰󹫾ͷΡͷΣȷʵޱȵҪԵ۹Ƿһ۹¡΢Ҳ޷ĶרС
ǣӦɢȥ
ٸߵ۹뾰ԽӴ󲻾ãе۹ȥˡڶ˵ĵ۹Ǿٰһսλķ۹۹ֱɳһ뾰Լ棬Ҳֳ۹ԾԵӡ
۹ȻҲԼ۹Ϊ۹һԱģǺԥľܾ˷۹֦
׳ֵ֦۹ֵ۹Ҳһ棬ͬûеõҪĽ
Ϳ˵۹ȵȣҲƵΪ

˵ûУԪߴ۹ҹս׳֦ˣ
ôû˵¶Ѿˣ
ǰĽκһ۹ҪңҶ֪˷ܳʲôӡڣߴ۹ս񡣡
ҲԼʵһͨɵۣߴ۹㣿ŹЩǰ˼¶࿴һۡ
⻰̫˰ɣɵۺ˺
Ҫʵ˼ҾսǺεʵǿɱ˶ˮսĴڡˮսսʮǿߣʵԶˮսһָס
ܴһЦ
ţսȷʵǳǿߴ۹ҪҲѰζǣսߴ۹룬ȫܾˡ˵κһ۹ҪǸҹ
ǰ֪սôġܹһ۹ǻõİߴ۹ɶؾģ˵Щ߶˵ϡԴһؾǶ֪ҪĽˡ
һЩҲԣ˵ߴ۹ܾˣЩҲͲˡ
ʱڣܶ˶̸ߴ۹Ծ¡սܾߴ۹úܶ˸е죬ܶ˶޷⾰սΪξܾ۹ҹС
۹ʹ֮С
۹һЩҪڹ֮¡
£ҹս⵽ʲô˼ѵ۶𣿡һվ˵
սܾǷ۹֦۹ҲӴƺͬĽһس˵
Ƿ۹ѾǳˣѾŵڵ۹ؾ֮ꡣ£ǲеĴһ΢΢Щŭı˵
֮ϵȴҡͷ
˵սӦĲ뿪ҹǸûһʽ
µ˼ǣιʵ
뿪ҹһֱսҲûҪһҪ뷨۹΢Ц˵ɣͻԸ̸ˡ


3008 
ģٸߵ۹΢ơ
ԼȻֲ뿪ҹǾþԼҹҹֻһСĹң۴ķ濴޷ԻԪ۹γɾвԣ۹ȫԻһʽ뾰սΪ׽Ĺϵ
£Ǹһѯʡ
ʱҲûãԲλһ顣˵
£Ҵٸߵ۹Ǳ˵һЩϢȷ١˵ٸߵ۹ı΢뾰ս󹫾ͷΡһͳ
Ŷڳһ
ļٵģ˲ŵ
ʵԺܸߣȫȷҲпٸߵ۹ųԻǡλҡҡͷ˵
Ǻǣ΢һˣԤϵľٶ£ǲܡЦЦ
ģҲ̫սֲǻԪϼǿߡ˵ǻԪϼǿߣõһ۹󹫾Ҳô򵥰ɣд󳼾ô²̫ܣ˵սӰȻԪϼǿߣ̫ˡ
սٸߵ۹ٸߵ۹һ󹫾ͷεǺܿܡһ˵
ɣҲųϢܻ뾰ս󹫾ͷΡһ
ڵˣ
ٸߵ۹Աס֮
£ңʢǴ΢ǰ
ţ֮ǰ뾰սйνӴҲϤڣҪ㽫ս뵽΢ʢǴ˵
ʢǴ΢һ£ͷǣ΢ȥ뾰ս񡣡
δԱ΢ѯʣ뾰սʲôԼҲܲµ΢Ҫʲô
ʢǴȥҾս񣬸֪ս΢롣Ԫ۹ĵͿ룬ǲ̫дԵҲʢǴ󳼵ٸߵ۹һ˵ľ
Լ΢ʱⷿڣٸߵ۹۹ĹҲˡ
΢ԶԱ΢
ս񲻱ض񡣡΢ܿЦŶԾ˵
֪΢ǰкηԸֱʵ
ģսǰʢǴҲǴٸߵ۹ȥ㣬ٸߵ۹ϣܼ۹ֻҪԸ룬ǵ۹ĸԴ᲻ϡٸߵ۹ȫ֧֣֮·ṩİ΢º͵˵
΢ʵǱǸٸߵ۹ĺ⣬޷ܡҡͷٴȷľܾˡ
ھԵľܾ΢δ¶õɫ뾰ԹҪĿģΪԼٸߵ۹֮˵ⷬҲδŶϣ
սҹĸ飬ȷʵ̾΢˵ͷ
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΢ȻѾ˾
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һһ۹󹫾ݣôͲٽ۹󹫾ˡ
΢⡭Ҳ⡣
Լ㲻ģԶһЩҲûʲô˽⡣ԶԻԪ۹󹫾ݣһ˽ġԪռߴ۹ÿһ۹м󹫾ڡЩ󹫾ǻԪϼǿߣʵǿӰֲ
սҪܾΪٸߵ۹󹫾ҲҪеʲô񡣶ܵĴ۹󹫾ȴһġ˵սҲʹõ۹ؾսӦ֪ߴ۹ĵ۹ؾɣԪҲʲôطܹ۹ؾȵ֮ء΢ӿ˵
۹ؾ˵һ۹ΪҪԴǺԴһ˵۹ֻд󹫾ݵ˲ʹõ۹ؾͨĹûʹõ۹ؾеʸ
΢ǿҪҹٸߵ۹Կű΢
սԸ뿪ҹǾǿ󡣡΢ͷ
ˡл΢лٸߵ۹ĿءԶԱ΢˹֡
Ϊٸߵ۹󹫾ܹõܶĺôԼž޴İңþԵϢΪ㡣ԾãһԼҪҵƽԪڰ׺ӵĻҲһЩȻˣԼΪʲôҪܾٸߵ۹󹫾أ


3009 һ
ڳٸߵ۹Ասء
󹫾ڵ۹УݵλǼߡٸߵ۹۹Ա΢͹ս֮⣬ԱҲǹҪĴ󳼣ЩʹھǰҪһͷġ
Ȼˣ󹫾ʽͦӵģǵһ仰顣ڣٸߵ۹ֻ뾰ս˼򵥵Ŀͷʽϸ˵Իٸߵ۹󹫾ҪΪ󹫾Ҫսλ֮󣬾սȥһٸߵ۹Ĺʱٸߵ۹ҪԱ֤֮ʽ
ս۹ҲҪ󹫾ݣɾͲܴӦ˰΢Ц˵
΢ģҶáЦӦ
ٸߵ۹Աס̸֮Ƭ̣ԱǸˡ΢Ҳ澰ǰΪʲôڻԪռûκ֪ԳΪս֮ǰʲôط˽Ϣܶ࣬ԻǱؾᡣԪռ䣬ϢǾԲй¶ȥġ
ս񣬱΢ȥ˵һЩʲôԻصס󣬼͛VϾͺʵ
ٸߵ۹׼󹫾ĹͷΡ
͛VԾĵɴ۾
ȻģҪ󹫾͛Vг𾪣ǰҲһЩԣġ
۹󹫾˵á
̫ˣ̫ˣսΪٸߵ۹󹫾ǾͲ뿪ҹˡ͛VһֱһָУԼԴǣԼ谭˾Ե֮·
ھԳһ۹󹫾Ǿûˡ
ԳΪٸߵ۹󹫾ϢֶߣܿǴˡ
սĳٸߵ۹󹫾
Ӧûˣʶٸߵ۹һλ󳼣׿ڸҵϢ
ţҲ˵ˡٸߵ۹ı΢ˣս˹ȥȻ뾰ս˵¡սҲٸߵ۹롣
սķɻڴ˰۹󹫾
Щ޷šߴ۹УһЩ󹫾ڣһδ˵һ۹󹫾벻ǻԪϼǿߵɵۡ
˭˵ǣǻԪϼĴڣҲδܵõһ۹󹫾롣ٸߵ۹׿˾սһ㣿սܸٸߵ۹ʲôô
սΪٸߵ۹󹫾Ǿܵ۹ĴԴٸߵ۹ܴӾսϵõʲôأսȻʵǿҲƵĻԪϼǿȰɣ
۷׷ף֪жˣĽžԣкܶ˲˶ʼɵЩ׼ԪϼڣٵĶЩޡ
Աס
£Ϣȷˣ΢ȷʵ辰ٸߵ۹󹫾ݡ֮ǰ΢˽뾰ԼˡһĹĹ˵
Ĺ䣬ֺݺݵճȭͷ
ԳΪٸߵ۹󹫾ǾͲܶбˡսҡҡͷ˵ԭΪ۹ӾҪ£ԣû뵽΢˸ɴ࣬ھԲԸ뿪ҹ£ֱӾ;辰Ե۹󹫾ݡ
۹󹫾Ĺҧݵ
ˣսλϣҲһܻλбɱٸߵ۹Ҳ޿κΡĹ˵
˵ûǡǰҪȥսԪϼǿߡԪ֮µɵۣûɱԡսҡͷ
£Կ²ɵȥսԪϼǿߵġ˵¬ս̭׶εֶս뾰ԽӴ¬սҪھսûдӦսֽ˵
ǰԲȥսԪϣǱҲ޿κΡһҲ˵
Ļ˶ĹǷߺ޵˵
۹ʹ
ñ΢ˣЦ˵
ǰж۹ҪԱ
Ҳǹ뾰Է۹󹫾ݣרŷųϢֻǣǿǣδжٸߵ۹ı΢һжˡ
΢ǡιЩ֪˵ʲô
ιһȥսΣι
£˼ǣι΢ü
۹Ҳ辰ս󹫾ݡ
£ǾսѾٸߵ۹裬޷ͬʱΪ۹󹫾ι̾˵
ڳˣҲĿ⿴


3010 ߾
սѾٸߵ۹󹫾룬ٽܷ۹󹫾裿
ڵˣѽĿ
󹫾룬ֲǼ仰ɵġڣս񻹲ٸߵ۹󹫾ݣǷ۹ȻҲ뾰ս̸¡սǷ۹ڣҪ󹫾ݣǿɱٸߵ۹ĶࡣЦ
⡭
£»ٸߵ۹Ĳ
󳼶¶ԥı顣
λɲǫõ顣ԤУܹսǵľ޽δǷ۹гĺôһ
ģҲֻͥûֱ˵
£֪ˣ̾ȥս񡣡ιȥ
ھԺͼ͛Vľι˾ս
ιѾٸߵ۹裬ֻܶԷ۹˵ǸˡιĻҡͷ˵
ܸл۹⣬Ҳܳ˵
Ƿ۹һι̾Ϣһ
ҲԤϹֽ˴ҲԿ˼¾ҲûŶϣֻЩûٸߵ۹һ
ιʧ˾ս񣬻ػʹȥˡ
ǼʹúëԴС
Ҫм㣬һǼǿȣڶǼ΢ǲԪƬռߺڵ򣬵ĵǶԼ׽
׽ǾԵıˣĿǰδﵽ۱ΡһΣڽ״һЩԪĲϣһĶԱ׽졣ڰԪĲϰ֮£׽ԸõǿԵڰԪõĵԪеĺڵԪͬͬʱҲñ׽ٵĴﵽ۱
һգ۹ĹһСС𶯡
Ϊһｵ˷۹Ĺ۹ޱ֣صĶԴͻȻĴŵ۹һЩҪԱʹ֮ӭλ
۹㣬߾棡
һﵽǰּһֽ߾
ѿˡ߾˰֡
߾棬òȥмֲϣɫۡ
߾棬ʹ˵ͬʱһĶ
ã߾˵ͷͬʱ뷨۹Ĺʹ
۹ԱǸں档
˽ʹһרڻ͵Ĺ֮У߾
߾棬֪ͻȻҷ۹ʲô飿ʵϴЦݡ
˵ʵǺϣ߾档ǣΪԷʵ̫ˣҲֻܿͿӭӡ
Ҳûʲô£˵һ£Ծһˡɸˣٸߵ۹ı΢й߾˰˵
Ŷ΢֪߾𣿡ȷʵЩ⡣
߾۹Ȼû΢˵⣬ƺЩ
߾棬ٸߵ۹档߾ĵλжߣܼ򵥣ǿٸߵ۹ĴڣǻԪռΪϵĻԪϼǿ֮һٸߵ۹ı΢ɵۣǰҲС˵߾۹϶Ҫǰ΢Ѷġ
ڿ߾˼ƺ΢֪߾浽
΢֪Ծ鷳ˡ߾ҡҡͷ
û⣬ȥ΢˵漴ȥλʱȥ΢ˡ
ЩԾ߾ͻȻǰ΢ͨ߾棬ĪǶԱ΢ʲôˣǣ߾ӦѾʵ۹˰ɣ˼⡣
ûʱ䣬ʱеı΢Ǽ˴ӷ۹ʹŵˡ
ʲôٸߵ۹ˣ΢ϢҲǱһ¡
˫üٸߵ۹ΪʲôѶأ÷۹˴ʲô˼
Ȼǣ΢̾Ͷǰ۹ĻʹȻκдǿٸߵ۹Ĵڣǵ۹ǿ֧
ʹ֮С
΢ˡ汻ı΢վЦŴк
λ߾棬˼
΢Ƕִк߾棬˵棬ôͻȻѽ


3011 治
߾̧Ŀ˿΢
ôͻȻ΢Ӧ֪ԭŶԡ߾˵
桭ҪңҪǻһط˵΢Ц
ڵطǷ۹ʹ۹Ҳڳ
ûط㣬ȷʵһҪ˵߾
߾桢΢һûдҪ뿪һᡣʵڱǸԺλЦ˵
뿪߾΢֮䣬ȻЩԾԷ̸ȷʵЩ׵
㲻ߣ߾ȴס׼뿪
˿΢¶һεı顣ʵϣҲ߾ҪԱ΢˵ʲô¡
棬ʲôҪģ뾡ܷԸ΢û취ˣֻӲͷƤ˵
΢˵˴սλһоԵսֺܳɫ߾Ա΢ʵ
ǵ棬λսȻֻһСҵս񣬵ȷʵɫֶ̭սУǲĶˮս񡣶ˮսսʮս񡣡΢Ӧ˵
֪ǲĶˮƣҲ֪սԣܻܶˮƣʵȷʵֵ߾˵ͷ
ǵģ̭׶νұսˡ΢ͷ˵
˵Ӧ۹󹫾ݣ߾һҲŵͳһЩ
棬֮ǰս۹ģս뿪ҹٸߵ۹ԣ۹󹫾ݡ΢˵
Ǻǡ߾Цһ
΢ٸߵ۹󹫾𣿡߾Ŀű΢
Ȼǡ΢ü
Ȼǣ㽫Ǹʲôԣ΢㾿ôģǾսȷʵļֵȻԸٸߵ۹ȥˣԸСҾǡ㣬󹫾ݣ߾¶
ʱ۹ұ΢Ϊ˵΢ҪһоԵս󹫾ݣǳѰС£΢֧֣Ҳܡ۹󹫾ݣ̫Ҫˣش󡣵۹ȥÿһ󹫾ͷΣҪΪءԷǻԪϼǿߣٸߵ۹Ҫͨ෽˽գŻǷͷΡ
΢ڷ۹սλٰڼ䣬оһ½Ϊ۹󹫾⣬ǳĲҲǳ³ç
߾棬ԼбҪԳֹ¡
棬սͬѰȻûлûԪϳƺţ϶ܹûԪϳƺŵġսᣬҾǱǳ󡣡΢ҪսķǷ߾档
㲻Ҫ˵ˣҲͬ¡΢㻹ϼһȥ֮󣬾ͶǸ˵ٸߵ۹޷󹫾ݡ߾˵
棬Ѿս񣬲ȷĸٸߵ۹󹫾ݡ΢Ϊѡ
ѾӦˣͻȻҪڣǵԼԼ𣿶ңҲ֪£ٸߵ۹ĵЩ˱ô˵
Լͱ¨ӣȻҪԼ֮Ҳͬ󹫾ݡߡ֪ٸߵ۹ļλ󹫾ѾȺѶңѯʵ۹ΪҪһûɵۣŵͬȵλˡ
΢Ǽλ󹫾ѶҶǴѶ㣬ӦܹܵǶĲ˰ɣ߾濴ű΢˵
΢ɫЩѿ
߾֣˾ȻǰҴкҪѶ˵ˣҶ֪۹ʱ򣬴Ӵ֮⴫һ
ո£һ߱ӵ˽
棡ոսߣ
΢Ҳ
棬۹ĵ졢ߣԪռϵɵ֮һ棬߾棬ͬһʱĴڡ
֣״㣿۹ٸߵ۹ı΢һСҪ˵߾Է湰˹˵
ôУ߾֣ϼһҲͦʱûˡòײ۹һΣҿɵúúд㡣˵
֣´ΰɣңȷʵҪŴͲˡ߾˵
ֿ΢΢Ҷ˵飬㾡촦һ°ɣ


3012 ƾ
߾ܾ˷뿪˷۹
λٸߵ۹ĿߣԸȽϹ°Ƨ
桢Ҳˡ΢ǡ
˴ٸߵ۹۹ҪȡԾս󹫾ļƻ΢ǡô޷߾־
߾ˣΪ£ڱ΢Ҳ뿪󣬷
΢뾰ս۹󹫾ݣ߾ƺǲұ΢Ҫ΢ƻش
ŶüΪ£רһˣǷ۹Ļʹ΢ܴѶ΢𣿡
߾濴ǺŭҪȻЦЦ˵
ڷ۹ʹǰ߾棬Ȼô΢˼
棬ʵҲ뾰ս۹󹫾ݡ˵
Ҳд˼ƻսô𣿡濴
ţȷʵǷɵۣ΢ȴΪͬʩչǿʩչҶһԼصĵͷ
Դ˵ɵۣѵǵɵۣҲǱ˼Ȥ
ǵɵۣ𣬵ȷʵʩչ˼ǿĹҵжϣʩչڻԪռУϸ߼
棬λս񻹺ᣬӦҲڵϳɾɵۡʱ򣬾ǵ˫ɵۡãпܽͥѹ˵
Եۣ֮ߣ¶ı顣
룬΢ӦҲвۣ뾰ս۹󹫾ľ˿й˸
ǰȱ΢һַ˸ı䡣ٸߵ۹߾棬ٸߵ۹Ծս󹫾ݡһ۹ֿ뾰սнӴˡ
ţԼɣȻ߾ѾˣҲȥˡ滰֮Ӱ΢΢һʧ˴֮С

Ժͼ͛Vס֮ء
ٸߵ۹ʢǴ󳼣ٴԺͼ͛Vʱס
ʢǴ󳼣˵ٸߵ۹ҵ󹫾裿ԿʢǴ󳼣Щ䡣
ʢǴ󳼣ЩΡ⣬Եķŭκˣ¶ǳķŭɣ
˵Ҫ˼󹫾ȻͻȻ˵
սֱǸҲûа취սԸٸߵ۹ٸߵ۹ʱӭʢǴ󳼿Ц˵
ǺǡЦ
ٸߵ۹ĺ⣬ҾʵܲʢǴ󳼣ѾյĴǾɣͿ͵˼ˡ
ս񣬱Ĳˡǣ۹ڳ˾޴ķµѹܴ󡣡ʢǴҲվڽ͡
֪ˡԵ
ٸߵ۹ôأʢǴߺ󣬼͛Vŭ˵ֱǿɶ񣬾ս񣬷۹֮ǰҲ󹫾ݣ㶼ΪӦٸߵ۹ܾ˷۹ڣٸߵ۹ȻڣûԪ۹Ȼ
ǡڵģϢŭ˵
ʱУ
սٸߵ۹󹫾ݣȡˡ
ȡˣô᣿ٸߵ۹΢Լ˵ôȡ
ȡˡ
ٸߵ۹ڹˣŪս񣿡
ӦòǹİɣԪߴ۹֮һĵ
ǳʲôʰɣ
Ǿսһ½ɵۣôʸΪ۹󹫾֪²ܳɡȻϣ԰׸һ
ţʸȷʵ۹󹫾ݻԶ
ƾԣɵ۹󹫾Σ
ٸߵ۹ȡ뾰󹫾ϢһƬ𱬵ۡһЩ֮ǰԴ˲ɵս񣬿ʼ˵һЩжͼ뾰϶ĹңҲԱվɿ
ǸҹľԣΪٸߵ۹󹫾ǺǣĲ䣡ͼ˵ۡ
ͼĹͮսҲھԵУͼ³ԱԾԻġϢȻϲձ޲øʶÿһˡ
СӣԶСѡ뿪ҹʲô뿪ҹԶǸСˡ޴ĶǲĹҲķ˳


3013 ͻƵɵ
ʱľԣǽһαչء
սλ׶Σ̭׶νʽʼԣҪʱʵٴʱʵȷʵܻܻԪϼĹս񡣶ԣȴҪھ׶λôһλԪϼսԼսϵܹǰһЩ
ʱ伫ΪݣԱҪץһܹõʱ䡣
̭׶ν󣬾ֺķں׾ʯڽ״˴ĸԴ
һ֮
ҵƺѴﵽһƿʹúëЧѾܲˡϥľԣ˼⡣
Լ֮ǰʹúëЧͷǳЧˡ˽գڷúë֮ǲнڶڽ״ĺëʣ²һٿš
ǿȣҪʹø߼Դˣı˫Ŀ
һʣĺëʣµĺëҲôҲԪƬߺڵƣ룬ʹëָЧǷǳáֻǣЩݳޡ
ԲԪƬռߵִֿ󣬵Ĳ˺壬ͨʱͿлָúëһžͼֵʮ׾ʯԴָίʵǼȵݳޡǾھ׶οʼ֮ǰսҲֻԴ϶ึһЩ
һʱȥ
ˣԵӻԪƬռѸ˳
ڸղţûԪƬɹĲһڵ
ߺڵռ޴ڵĸֵɲͬԪƬռڵߵ򣬼£ֻ𼶵ľԣߺڵӦöʵ˵ǲһߺڵˡҪ֪ԪռǵɵۣˣԪƬ߰׵򶼷ǳǳ
ܹһߺڵҲǵھԵ˴ȵǿʱֻộҪëԴˡ弫ƣ뵽޷оˣһźëЧզ࣬ԪеľԴЧҪúܶࡣ
ȻˣԪƬռڵߵ򣬲Ǻڵǰ׵򣬶γһƬġ࣬ԾԪƬĵ򣬲̫Զˡ
ף
ھԳɹһߺڵ׼һߺڵԼٽʱͻȻӦ
ѵѵҪͻƾˣ۾ɴһЩ
ͻƣ
ָоԲİϾԪʱҲͻƵ˵ɵۡ
μսλ֮ǰԵĵʹﵽ۷壬ʱͻƵɵۼĳ̶ȡھһߺڵܹĽɵۼ
˫ĿУ˷ܺϲ֮ɫ
ڣҪٴο˫ɵˣԵ
Сڵͻɵ۾ʱ򣬿϶һЩռ仯ʱûǲҪø֪ҵĵͻˡҪھ֮УһĳЩ˵Ѱ˼
óĲϣʼڷڲ󷨡ϵˮƽҲǷǳǳߵģԪʱ򣬾ԵԪռҲǶˮƽ˰ԪֻҪϤ˰ԪռֲϵԣǾԵˮƽͬԷӳ
ԪˮƽҲԪ߳٣ˣڰԪҲܳƵʦˡֻǲһ󷨣Ǻɵ顣ţֻҪлԪϼǿĲ鿴ԼסǾͲ˷Լɵۡ
һ󷨣ʱɹ˳Чһû⡣
һ֮󣬾Խĺ׾ʯȡ˳ɵ֮Ҫղȶ硣ڲӿռǾֻȫú׾ʯ
εͻƵ磬ʱʼܴѺעüʮڴ˴ͻĵĺ׾ʯ
ʼٴα۾ķת
ˣžԵķתڵ𽥵ıþңЩھԲõĸ֮ڣȥ
뾰סͬһļ͛VԾϷҲûκεĸӦͲ֪ͻƵɵ۾硣
ˮӺ׾ʯʳžԵӿ롣ھǿ֮£һжɡ
̿˵൱˳йɵͻƵľ飬ҲԪʱǿö࣬˵ͻƾֻҪͲκε⡣
ʱһţϵĵ򲨶ҲԽԽǿ


3014 仯
ھܣɼܼĺɫ֯áĵ򲢲ľһ𣬶ĳС
֮Уһɫȴڲͬ߸ϡһɫǾͨԪƬռһߵ
ͻȻһ
ͬʱԻĺɫ𽥽ȥ۵ҲջصԵڡǰĴ׾ʯǱΣ׾ʯ̺žԵӿ롣
Ƭ̣ƽϢĺ׾ʯݵʱڻΪ촷ۡ
ɹˣ˵֡
ûɹڵϴ𼶿뵽ɵۼⰵԪռ䣬ҲǴﵽ˵ɵ۵ĳɾ͡
ԣ塢˫ɵۡԪռ䣬ھԳΪ˫ɵ֮ǰ˫ɵۺֻܿܲλҶǻԪϼĴڣǼ͛V뾰ᵽϢ
ҵ΢磡
ϳɾɵ֮󣬾̾ע⵽Լ΢ı仯΢磬øӺغˡ΢磬뾰ϵΪ˺ܶࡣ΢Ҳͨˡ
壬Ȼͨġ
Ԫռ䣬ˡԪİ׵밵Ԫĺڵȷʵϵҽպڵû׵򣬿Ҳֱ仯
ҵ΢磬ȫתˡȻǰҾ;ãڵϿɵۣ΢ЧøãʵҲˡ
Ҳ߶ţЩɵ̽ңҲ޷жϳҵ׼ȷ硣
Ŀ¶⣬鿴΢ı仯֮ϵ
Ҫ׽׽ԸõϵڰԪ򡣡Խ׽˳ͬʱҲȡڽ״ĸϡ
׽ǲĻδҲɱ䵽۱ΣҪǳǳʱ䡣
Ը׽δ̾ñ׽ﵽ۱϶ǿñ׽øǿ
ҪһЩĲ뵽׽УҪԿһЩµƣҪǰϡҲǱȽϸӵĹǿޱȼںڵϳɾɵۣԸڱ׽ҲǻһЩʱѡ
һ֮󣬾Խ׽ɡԴ߶򣬸о׽ԼĺڵǷǳϡ
׽ûдﵽ۱ҲĽӽˡ׽зӳܣӦѰĵ۱ˡɱɵۼǿߣֱӾñ׽ﵽ۱Ե˵ͷ۲׽Ƭ̣Ž׽

£Գ˷䡣
սˣ͛VԳ̾¶ϲõı飬ת
ţ£׶οʼжʱ䣿ʼ͛V
Ϊڱչ̫֮רעԶʱ΢Щģȷ
нӽµʱ䡣͛VԾԵ׼ȷ˵ǻ¼Ӷʮ졣
֪ˣʣʱ仹ͦġЦЦ
ս񣬷۹ι֮ǰһΣΪѾչҾûд㡣ιҲôչزʡ͛Vߵߣž˵
ι̧̧ü
ǵģι˵۹󹫾ݡң۹ٸߵ۹ι˵ˣǾսͬ⣬۹սλڼ䣬;󹫾ʽȥһ˷۹Ĺɡ͛V˷ܵ˵
ǰٸߵ۹뾰ս󹫾ݣü͛Vһֱܲá˽£ܶٸߵ۹ˡֱιٴγ֣ٴθ
սҪҪھͻظ۹͛Vεı顣
ҡҡͷ£˵ɣţսλȫ˵ʱ۹ȻҪ󹫾ݣһܡ
⡭ǲǵȵ̫ˣսӦ㽫¶ɣҲܰĵĽо͛VȾԼˡ
û¡ţλȫ󣬷۹ҲᷴڵľЦЦ
Ѿˣ͛VҲûٶȰ˵
ս񣬶ǲȼңһֱ̰㡣Щˣǿɶúܣ뽫ȫݺݵĽѵһ١͛VЩڮپԵĻеǳķŭԼĻҪȭ޺޵ĵ
ȥɣǣҲܳѳѿˡ˵ֻȴǷ⡣
£ʼһЩʱ䣬ҼչءھʼǰһһûأͽҡֶԼ͛V˵


3015 ʼ
λ׶ʽʼǰ۹ιٶս
͛Vս˼ϸιιŴӼ͛VеõϢ
ս񣬾Ҫλȫ˵˿Ծ׶κ뷨
˵ûֻǡѾܹսʮĶˮսѵھȥսԪϼɵ𣿡ιıоԼĦ͸ս뷨
˵λҹսϵ顣죬׶ξʽʼſɣ¶һĨ΢Ц˵
֮󣬴󶷳
գսλ׶ʽʼ
׶εĶս̭׶εĶս̭ͬ׶εĶսɷ۹Աǩս׶ս
սλУ׶εսһǰ˰ٶʮλжʮλǻԪϼǿߡʮԪϣߴ۹ʮŴ󶥼ս
Ԫϼǿߣ̭׶ֻһѣȻҲսʤǶֱӽ뵽׶εġ
սսᡣһսս˭վĹ㳡򣬼͛VԾʵ
Ĺ㳡޴ϣһѾ˳ʾ֮ϡ
ݱʾսϽսǰ˰ٶʮġȻˣǲڱսλûн뵽׶εս򲻻ϡ
һٶս֣Ҳ˵ʵ󲿷Ͻսǰսڱսλн뵽˾׶Ρǿʵȷʵǽ׶εĻǳҲֻٲ̫ս񣬿ܻ̭׶ξͱ̭ͼĹͮսǲĶˮսȵȡ
ȿɣԶԼ͛V
ΪϽսڵһսУᱻսսսսʤҲʱͿҪսսˡȻֻԽϵ͵սȥսԽϸߵս
̨ϣߴ۹ĵڶĹԼЩҵҪԱǵִ
΢֮ǰ˵辰ս۹󹫾ݣΪȡˣֵ۹򽭵΢Цʵ
΢΢ü˵սλپҲ١
ţȷʵҪ˵΢ȡǵġ۹󹫾ݣɲȥˣ˵Ҫž޴ѹԼڡ򽭵Ц˵
΢˵ͷû˵
ҵ˵ķ۹Ҳ뾰ս󹫾ĹͷΣͿ˵۹ʵ
̨ϺܶˣĿⶼǣҲһЩԣ˵Ƿ۹뾰ս󹫾ݡңٸߵ۹󣬷۹Ȼûиı⡣
ǴϢһЦ˵
ѵǼϢǺǣȻģҾ˵ô뷨ǾķʣЦһ
ǣ۹󹫾εҫһëͷСӡ̾˵
ţսȷʵһЩ
ս񻹲ǻԪϼɵۣԪϻ˵㡣
սûϣһսλֲһλûн֣սϡ
̨ϣһЩ׷׿ڡ
λЩܣЦ˵ʵҷ۹ȷʵѾ辰ս۹󹫾ݡʵϣսͬܵĻھ׶οʼ֮ǰǷ۹Ѿʽˡ
ʲô
ôᡭ
㲻ǿЦɣ
˵սĻ۹Ѿ󹫾ʽ˼ǣսܾ˷۹󹫾𣿡һĿ⿴
ҲǾܾܣս˼ǣսλȫٽܡˣҿҪλʱǿɲҷ۹뿪Ц˵
Ǻǣˣİɣǣǲ辰ս󹫾ġ򽭵Ц˵ֵ۹ǲ־ġսҪõֵ۹󹫾ݣ˵㣬ΪԪϼɵֵۣ۹ῼǿǡ
ҰͿ˵۹Ҳ뷨۹ҲЦŵ
ߴԪ۹û辰ս󹫾뷨


3016 űʰ
Ը뿪ҹǵĵ۹ǵȻǳӭҲԶԾսŵĺô
Լ뿪ҹҲͲܼǵĵ۹£Ҫ辰ս󹫾ݣͲÿһῼǵˡߴ۹֮УҲٸߵ۹ͷ۹˼
ǲҷ۹ҾͷĶˡ΢Ц˵
ʱɲҪڰǣɶλ㷨۹Ǿս󹫾ݡ۹Ц
򽭵ȣҲ˳Ļ˵
ʱιߵ̨ıԵ
н׶εս񣬵Ĺ㳡ǲμӾսԱĹ㳡ι˵󶷳
Ӱ
ԵȽ׶εս̤Ĺ㳡ˣ뿪Ĺ㳡ص˹ս
λս񣡡ι΢Ц
սλ׶Σʼ׶Σλսǣѡֽսÿһλսսᡣ
ڣλսһԼڵһսҪսĶһλսϵս񡣡
λսаʱʱ䣬ѡԼһսҪսĶ֡սȷ뽫ԷԿս֮ϡһԿ̣޷ġ
סֻаʱʱȷԼս֡ʱȻûսԿ̶ֵ֣ôΪԶȨ˱սᡣ
ι˵һЩ׶εսءΪ򣬻вμλսιֻҪ򵥵ĽһЩעɡ
ι˵Щ֮󣬱з۹ԱսƵŵλ׶εսСԣҲõһöսơսȻ󣬵ڲзǳ󷨡սǣսԿ̳սֵ֣սƱиӦƥ䡣
һƥɹôڴ󶷳ϿգͻӦĶս󶷳ԱǿԿеĶսȻΪгֵͣʱ䲻ܳעĻҲܻ
ÿսսᡣ
ҵĵһҪս˭أ΢
ͻȻоƺڶԼתĿȥǶ¬սһԪϼĴڡ¬ս񣬵̭׶ν󣬻ݵĶԾơ
¬սԼӣЦЦɭԼеսƣ˼ƺ˵Ҫս¬ս
΢΢ջԼĿ⡣
׶εĶսɾˡ
ǰԪϼǿߣҲȫɱġ
ЩԪϼǰܣҲսϣԼһɲ̭ˣ
սһսǺҶ۹սսѾλսһˡƺûսܹսɹλսϷǳȹ̡
Ҷ۹ս񣬴ʱսһλáλս죬սһ⼸սλУڵڶĵļλսλö䶯ǵһսȴ̩ɽ
ս֮µļλսҲսһսλãǼսλûսܹսɹսһλ͵˫ɵۣʵȷʵǷǳĿֲ
׶εһսУսûսʸģΪѾսһչȥսսսֻܵȴսս
˵սսһλս񣿡ᵽ˾ԡ
սսΪǰ̭׶α̫ӡ̣вˣڹעžԡʱ˳˵˳²⾰սսսһλս
ˮս񶼱սɱˣ룬սھ׶ҪսĶ֣϶ҲȽϿǰҲ£ӦǰʮսһսսܻһЩԼս˵ԣΪսսʮʮ֮սУѡһսΪԼһսĶ֡һɵۣ˹ķ˵
Χķͷɵ۵ķȷʵе
ÿһλսսᣬսΪףӦòڵһսоһ̫Ķ֡սʮʮ֮ǰսȻǱȽϺʵս
ǺǣҲһɣҵǾãԿܻսڼս񡣡˲м˵ȷʵ̭׶ɱ˶ˮս񣬵Ϊкܴɷ֡ʵûôǿǸսǰһս񣬾͵űݺݵʰɣ


3017 ս¬
սλ׶Σÿһλսսᡣͨ˵սԼһսУѡһ̫ǿĶΪս
˵Ǹսսǰһս񣬾ҪűʰЩˣڮٵɡܵˣҲͬ
սɱǲĶˮսĿõģڴ󶷳Ŀ֮ɵġ˵ǿ޷ŷ
ԾսʵֻҪȥսԪϼĴڣսʰսѡ˵
ܿͻнˣʱսҪȷԼս֣Կսϣսιǣ͵Žǡ
һЩ̸۾սͬҲдԱ̸ۻԪϼǿߵս
סҪսһλսأĿ
˼Ƭ֮󣬾¶һĨЦ⡣
ɣ˵ͷ˾
óսƣȻ֮Կ̳һ֡
֮սԿɺս֮ϣǱһƬΡΣսŴ󶷳Ͽճȥʵ󶷳ܿ÷ǳ
Ϊʱʱʱ仹磬еĿǰδжսȷԼս
󶷳Ͽգγһξ޴塣
ҹսս¬ս
ʲôһо޴壬ڴ󶷳Ͽգʱ˵Ŀ⡣
󶷳Ͽգֻϡϡ伸֣ӾԵսбŷĹΣۡ
ʲô
⡭
սս¬ս񣿡
սѾȷԼĶˣսԪϼɵۣ
찡սǷôԪϼڽ֣Ҳڵһսо
󶷳Ƭ̵ļž֮Ȼı˳ܶˣԼ۾ġ
ȻԾչֳʵԪϼддҲǺģھ׶εһսоսԪϼڣǾͲˡ
ΪԪϼڽ֣ûġս¬սֺܣܻӰ쵽ģ½սӲȫʵһֿܣǾ¬սսˣǾ͸Ӱ쵽Ķսˡ
Ҷ֪Ծвǵģ¬ɵǶսһлᣬ¬ս񲻿ܶԾս顣
ô˵ս񶼲Ӧڵһս¬սΪ֡
ҿǷˣ
͵̫ˣΪԼǻԪ޵˰ɣ
Ȼһս¬ս
ǲͼȹҵԱЦų
̨ϵļλĿϿյľ޴塣
սս¬ս񣿡۾һ˵սʲô뷨Ҫʲô
ȡ裿ֵ۹򽭵ҡҡͷ˵
սǲΪûвμӹսλԶԹò͸սܲٸߵ۹ı΢ü
¬ս񣬶ԾսǲսУ¬ս²зֺ֡΢Ҳҡҡͷ
ȻΪ۹ĳԤ˶Ծ۹󹫾ľȻǱȽϿþԵģҲϣλгʲô⡣
ʱ򣬾սս¬սľ޴壬ɢ˴󶷳Ͽա
ιѯһ¿ô¡սǿ̴֡ι
ǣ£ιͷӦ
ⲻʰɣվ˳ίĿ顣
սȷʵпǸˡЦЦ
ս㾰սǸˣҲԼ顣㣬ܸԤս˹
죬Ĭ
ιûջطŵǶԹ㳡ϵľʵսսԿ̵֣ǲǴˣ
ι̧ͷ̨
ЦŴ˵ιûԿ̴ҪսˣǶ¬ս񡣡
ս֪¬սսʮսһλǿĻԪϼɵۣιĿž˵
֪¬սһսΡһսϣͲôߵˡϵЦ
˻󶷳һƬ
λսĻ˵Щ󰡣ʲô¬սһսϣͲôߵΣս˼Ī˵սл¬ս


3018 ȷ
սĻ˵ĸоǣսл¬ս񣬴Ӷȡ¬սϽսе¬սıܣôͻӵʮ»һλʮߡ֮ǰĵʮ»ʮ
λĹ򣬾ˡÿһλսսᣬҪӡս̣ҲҪԡõúãͿԼܶһЩ
ιԵⷬ˿ǰһ̻죬ʱ
Цһû˵
СӣҵС㣬û뵽㻹мֹ¬ս񿪿ڣԾ˵
ֻǣӴͬʱҲ֪ߵغ㣬¬սЦ
ɨ¬սһ˵¬ú׼ɣҶսʱǾЦˡڣ㵹ǿԶЦЦ
֪Ķ¬ս鲻меͺһ
սԿ¬սֺֽսƽι
ΪѾս¬ս¬սһսУͲٱսսսս¬սҲ޷սԿ̳¬ս֡
ս񣬵ǸȤˣҶ۹սڹ㳡žԣЦ˵
սսϵĵһˣսλУܹĵλ
ƺӣǱءԶһλԪϼǿ˵Щˣһսѡ¬ս̫ˡ
ţʵǲȷʵȱôһ㡣һλԪϼս˵
ʱһƣʱʱƣԽԽ١սѡսҲԽԽࡣ󶷳Ͽգо޴۳ֻɢһЩԪϼսҲ׷սѡ
սս¬սҲսѡѡսˣϽսʮӰսϽսλУ¬սӰս֣ǰܸӰս
սϻԪϼսǼѵģΪﵽǸʵϾͺԵĽˡңսλһٰһΣԪϼǿߣҪһʱʵнΪԵĽǼǲܵġ
Ԫϼս仯һΪս֮ʵڲ֮䣬һսʤңһһսʤ㡣սڵڶĵļλսʵǳӽÿһսλУ⼸γһЩС仯Ψڵһս̩ɽսʵȷʵҲǱԪϼսǿһЩ
ʱʱȫ
ʱ䵽
սλ̵ĵһսսȷι˵δսս񣬵һսΪ
ȷʵҲս񣬲δսûڰʱʱڣԼսԿ̳Ҫսս֡
ιºǾ޴Ĺ㳡ϣ˾Ķսвս񣬻ζսһǱսĶսһԼսս¬ս
λս񣬵һ־ստսڣѺעѾͶע̿ˣȤĵѣȥι˳Ѻע˸档
˾׶ΣѺעĻΪԪϼĴڣҲҪȫԸĶսˡ
ǰ̭׶Σ̿ڵͶעǰҲһʮں׾ʯ׶ΣͶעڼʮں׾ʯ̿ڣв١
Ժͼ͛Vͬʱ뿪˴󶷳
ھԺͼ͛Vջصס󣬲ĺٹԹˡ
ռԣٹͼ˵ս㡭ôս¬ս񰡣
ǰ̨еʱ򣬺ٹͺܽǣҲûʲô뾰˵Ϊ󶷳ڶ࣬ԻҲѡ
е⣬¬սҪɱҡսǺܺ𣿡Цźٹ˵
ǻԪϼɵ۰ٹüͷΪɱ⣬ŸӲӦսԪϼɵ۽֣ҲӦѡûеĲǡ
ٹͲҪΪҵˡս¬ս񣬿ɲͷһľһսʤܲ˵Ц
ʲô
ս˼ǡԼпܻ¬ս񣿡ٹ˾Իе˼
ţϣġԵ˵ͷ
ٹžԣðζû˵
͛VһԿţʵҲʾôģֻǱٹˡ
սҪذ۹Ҫ󹫾ݵġ㶼ҪȷԼܰȻھлٹһ


3019 ̸һ̸
սսλУѶٹԤϡ
̭׶ΣսͼĹͮս񣬾úٹǳϲ֮󣬾սֻǲĶˮսһսĽίʵúٹЩš
˵սλеı֣ͳ˺ٹԾսΡˣٹҲ޷ȥ˵Լţսϣսʤ¬ս
ԣٹҪսһҪ¬սĶսȷԼܹһ˵ʵҲȰ˵ʱ׼䡣
ٹ֪ˡЦЦûٶ͡
ս̿ڣȻѺעʤͶעǶ֧֡ٹ˵
ھ̿ڵĵڶ͵ѺעУ׬ȡ˺ĺ׾ʯʱĺٹ˵Ļǵʮ㡣׬ȡôĺ׾ʯóִԮսʲô˵ͨǰͶע׬ȡ˺ĺ׾ʯû׬׾ʯͺٹҲ֧־ԡ
Ϊս̿ڰõѺע֣òһսλУܻϵ̿ˡ˵Ϊ˴ξս벨ģս׿ı֣Ĵڸڶжȵˡ
ðллٹˡЦЦ
ٹ뾰һᣬԺͼ͛V뿪ˡ
ս񣬺ٹܻ¬ս񡣡͛V˵
ţûܻ¬սɣҡҡͷ
£ٹ˻ǲģһĹԹǣѵˡ˵
Ҳǣһ˵ĻҪ˵Ҳֻɸ˴ǹȥ͛V˵ͷ
һת˵սпܻ¬ս𣿡
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͛Vɫ΢΢һ˵žսģֻǡʵ벻ͨ
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ţ£һȥѺעȶһЩˣ¬սѺעѺע̿ҵȥͶעԳڴ˵
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ΪԪϼǿߣȫԸĶսɱѺעѺעѺעĺ׾ʯȣԱ̭׶Ρ
Ҳϣһսٴ׬һʺ׾ʯ
һսҲǾܹӱսλѺעУһٴ׬׾ʯˡΪһ¬ս֮ǽսѺעҲһߵѺսսˡ
һδ׬׬Ļᣬܲúãԣ㹺һЩֵں׾ʯļϡԴ
£ϵι԰ɣתֶ֮Լ͛V
ǵģιǰΣѶӡǡ͛V˵ͷ
ιѶǷʱܹһˣ΢̸̸һ¡
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͛VΪι̸ܷ۹󹫾¡̾ôѶιѶϢ
һߣιȡԼĴѶ
ף͛VҴѶι΢΢Щ⣺ҹȥһˣսмҼ̸̸
ι΢˴Ѷ󣬱ǰȥԺͼ͛Vס
ܿ죬ִˡ
ιԺͼ͛Vڵţιּ
ս񣬼͛VιҲĹֻ
ιԶιʾԷ
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ս񣬲֪ҹ̸ʲô飿ιЦʵʱιҲΪս̸ڵ۹󹫾¡
ιģ̸һ̸ѺעҵѺע̿ڵ⡣Ի˵ΪǱѺעˣΪҲսʤ¬սǻͶע¬սʤһ̿ڵͶעȺܿͻޡ


3020 㾰ս
ιΪս̸󹫾飬û뵽սһȴǹѺע̿ڵ顣
¶΢飬ܿ˵ȷʵģѺעҪܱʧѺע¬սͶע̫¬սʤĻѺעҪ޶ģпܾܾͶעߵѺע
սˡֱԡǷ۹ѺעҲΪսʤ¬սĿԡ
սлԪϼɵ۵ʵ¬սǶս㲻ܽͨĻԪϼɵۡοսʮλս񡣡ιϿҵ˵
ιⷬԵ˵ͷ
Զι˵ιѺעǷԷſ¬սսѺע̿Ͷעƣ
ιĿġ
ڴսٴ׬һʺ׾ʯǵȻѺעǱ߷ſͶעơѺע¬սʤԽԻʤʾԽߡ
ս˼ǣιüˡ
ſͶעƣ⵱ȻǿԵġǰѺעµһ̶϶ȨǣսҪſͶעʲô⣿
Ϊһ¬սĿԱȽϴ󡣡Цι
ʲôι
ս񣬾Ȼ˵Լ¬սĿԱȽϴ
ι˳ԾҲǶԼһЩգôڵһսоս¬սأԿιЦ˵
⡭ֻôأսĶ¬սʵȱ˽⡣֮ǰɱ˶ˮս񣬶ˮս汻Ϊ׼ԪϼɵۣȷʵҲԪϼֶҰȻˮս¬սȣʵǺܴġô˵ɣ㶼лԪϳƺŵɵۣǵʵҲܴܺ󡣡ιþսǶЩ˽⡣
ι֪ЩϢҲû˵оԵİջ¬ս񰡡ҡҡͷ
ι֪۹ҪͷյأĵġԼ˵šιΪҵļֵܴﵽٺ׾ʯ
սʵǣļֵιɴ۾
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ιЩˣ۶žԡ
ѵսԼôİգֻսȻ˵˵ġսʵǿߣЧһ꣬ǼֵɾԲ͡ʮں׾ʯҲֵ
սģιһ
ǵģֵ˵ͷ
սô͵Ϣɣ룬ܿѺעǱ߾ͻſ¬սѺע̿ڵͶעˡιû飬ҾȻȥˡ
ιվ
ιӾԺͼ͛V뿪󣬱ȥ˹ĻʹҪ¡
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˵۹ʧΪ۹Чʱ䣿ظһ·ι¡
£սԼĺǿҸоõ˵ʱͺ¬սѾǱض顣û˵ԼһʤҸоͺһܻʤӡιЦЦ˵
е˼ֻǣƾ̵ʲôΪʲôԼܻ¬ս¬սʵж˽⣿ЦЦ˵
ι֪ˡԺҾʹѶһ¡ȻսҪˣǡûм⡣
ǣιӦһ
ι뿪˼Ƭ̣㴫ѶѺעıһһ¾ս¬ս̿һ¡
һõҲЩ¡ȻԽģһǡƬ̣Ѻעڲս¬սͶעƾͱſˡ
֮ǰΪѺע¬սʤʵ̫࣬ͶעҲǳ޴ͽ͵һһһͶעҲֻͶעʮ׾ʯʣò˶ѺעܻܾܿٽѺ¬սʤͶע
ҪͶע¬ս̿ڣѺ¬սʤһɵͶע̨ԹԱ˵
ʿҪͶעٺ׾ʯԱ΢Цʵ
ȻͶעˣǿϧһЩͶע̫ˡɵһϧ˵


3021 Ϊ̬
Ҫ¬սѺעɵ۵Ļܲ˵ͷͬ
ѺעڣͶעĹ̨в٣ʱÿһ̨ǰ棬˲̵Ķ顣Ϊ׶εһսͶעʱֻһ졣ϣѺעرеѺע̿ڣվһսҪʽʼսˡ
̨ڵĹԱȴ΢Ц˵λˣҪ¬ս;սĶս̿Ͷע𣿡
ûѺעɵ۵ͷ
ģ̿ڵͶע޶Ѿʱſˣʮ׾ʯޣѱȡҪѺ¬սʤҲɾͶע۶ٺ׾ʯѺעʱܡԱЦ˵
ʲôɵ㶡
Ա΢Цŵͷ
ôѵ˾޶Ͷעսʤ𣿡ɵۺŹԱʵ
ʱδо޶ͶעľսʤԱҡͷ
Ͷһ׾ʯѺ¬սʤҲ𣿡ɵֵƻЩŵӡ
ǵģۿҪͶע٣ѺעԽܡͶע¬սʤڵǣһһһˣȷҪͶעһ׾ʯ𣿡ԱŶԷ
˵̿Ͷע޶ſʱģҲ˵ʱ޶ɵʵȽ϶ӡ
ԵģѺעĴ˻пǣ̿ڿܵѺעܵʧһ֣˿ܻ½ơԱ͡
ȻʵϣʱţҲѺעųġΪȫţܻܿɡѺעߣᴧ⣬ΪѺעҪȫſս¬սĶս̿ڣѺעѵͲʧ̫𣿽һģǻ뵽ǲǲ֪Ӱ졣
˵ʱţȻҲ𲿷ɻ󣬵˵ȫţǺʵĶࡣ
ѣܲܿ㣿棬ôŶӵأŶӵȴĶУ˴ߴˡ
׼ҪѺעɵۣҧҧ˵ãͶעʮ׾ʯ
ʮ׾ʯеĺ׾ʯֻˣԭ̿ͶһЩģȴȫͶ¬ս;ս̿ϡ
ԱӹԷݹĺ׾ʯĿȻǼǡ
ĺܶѺעߣ¬ս;ս̿ڣǷſˣʮ׾ʯͶעˣһ˼
˵ѺעȡѺע¬սʤͶע޶
ôȡ֮ǰ޶ʮ׾ʯ𣿡
֪ʲôԭ򣡡
ѵѺעΪսпܻʤ
ôܣս¬սսκεĻʤ
ΪʲôѺעſͶע¬սʤ޶ⲻ
֪ԭƺѺעĹԱԭ򣬻ֻз۹߲֪
ֻʱſʱ޶ǣǿŶѺעһܿûͶע¬սʤˡУһٶ׾ʯҪȫͶ¬սϡ
¬ս뾰ս̿޶ŵϢܿǴˡȽϸеɵۣӵ̶̵ʱڣǽ¬ս;ս̿ڵͶעƸߵ˳ʮں׾ʯܶ
СͶעˣҲжͼǲ뾰жԹ˵һЩ뾰սûκζԹĹңҲ˽Ȼǲûи˸ģֻô˻׬һʣȻʵһЩһʧͶע

һѺעΪʲôҪſǸ̿ڵ޶
Ĺ˽¼˸ѺעıһüԱһʵ
Ĺ޷ش㣬ΪҲʲôԭһǱֱӶµġһεıĹ
ǰΪĹ棬һιþս̭׶εֶսԶˮսΪ£˹ȥѵһ١
ȻһûκĹ˼ΪϲĹֻĹ˵˵ܿ֡
ҪʲôĹѽ⡣
Ҫ辰ս󹫾ݣܿþսǱΪҪſ̿Ͷע޶Ҳ²µ뷨һٴεҡҡͷ˵
ţ֪ˣ߰ɣĹԱһӻ֡
һ˿Ĺֹû˵ʲôĵ˳ȥ
ôģӣսʤ¬սſ̿޶ֻ÷۹ܸʧʲôԭľĹ
ߣܲôˡһҪͶעΪ̬ȣĹվ޳Ӱͤͤ


3022 Ӱѻ
Ĺ¬ս뾰սѺע̿У¬սѺעں׾ʯʤ
Ѻע̿Ͷעϣ¬ս뾰սֱ̿
¬ս뾰ս̿Ͷעѳʮں׾ʯˣ
Ѿڰ
Ѻע̿ڵͶעܶڳС
Ѻע̿ڵͶעƷſҶˣ
кüѾͶעˡ
ԾսǼְ֧ոͶעں׾ʯľսʤٹǱԹͶעġ
ǰ̿ͶעУ޴󣬾ʧں׾ʯҲʲô
ֵĺ׾ʯͨǰѺע׬ȡģ˭ƽͳȥô˵ȷʵǷǳ֧־ս񣡡
쿴ǰ۹Ĺ
ţǰ۹һոڵ۹ս̿Ͷעˡףô£û뿪Ѻע̨ͶעˣڶѺעĶ󣬾Ȼ¬ս뾰ս̿ڡ
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ѺעȻû̿ڵѺע
̭׶ΣԵѺע̿ͶעܶһڵڶʱԪϼս̿ʵû̫ѺעġԪϼս̿ڲȡ
¬սȻǻԪϼս񣬵ǵʮ£Ѻע̿Ҳ̫ܽǰ壬Ķ־ս񻹲ǻԪϼս
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ɺ׹ľͿ׷սˣλڷ۹ɺ׹ͨս̿ڣǰѺעУҲ׬ȡ˲ٵĺ׾ʯ
ս񡢼͛VľԾ˹ּ
˫򵥴к
ս񡢼͛VҺͿ׷սոմѺעǱ߹Ѻע̫ˡǷ֣ս¬սѺע̿ڣѺע޶ȡˡˣڷӵѺ¬սʤľ˵
ľҲѺע𣿡Цʵ
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ľαѺעġҲѺ¬սʤ˼ǾòҪôˡԶ׬ȡһЩ׾ʯսȻҪȻ뾰սĲ࿴蹵սҹս񣬻Ƭ½ϵǿɵۡ
ľѺ¬սʤҲġЦ͛VҲ
ǿɲһء͛Vȴһ˵
ǺǡľЦһǾԲôȻǵΪأǵ̬ȡ
սѺעǱΪҪͶעأǴҶ֪ԭ򡣡׷սʵ
ȻǡѺעΪлʤˡſ׷ս
׷սľһۣȻ龡ԵƽȻ̫ԭ
ս¬սѺע̿ڣǹʱͶעѾʮں׾ʯˡ֮̿Уڵľ̾˵
ʮں׾ʯһǳ˵֡˵ǶľСҵĹˣǶҲó˶ĺ׾ʯǱҵԴ
ʮں׾ʯˣƺüӰѻ𣡡˵
£ҲȥѺעɣԿ͛V
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Ȼˣڵ֮ߣǲѺע˷˻ᡣԺȻ˵
⡭սҲ̫ð˰ɣľû˵ú׾ʯˮƯ
¬սսðղǸ𣿡վ˵
սҲһȥľæ
ˣú㵽Ѻע
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սã
ѺעڣһЩ뾰Դккܶؾսˣ뾰սкԣҲǿĻӦİ׻ϤףԶ΢Ц
սҪѺע𣿡ʵ
㿴ܻѺעɣѺעǣ᲻Լ¬սѺעɣԺʵ
ս񣬶ѾͶעˣѺһں׾ʯ¬սϡ˻ش˾Ե⡣
һں׾ʯǶǵս¬û𣿡


3023 ̾
һʧı顣
Ⱥ
Ͷעһں׾ʯԼսϣ˵˵١ʱľսȴֵúû뵽Ͷעôٵӡ
˵Ͷעں׾ʯ¬սʤȻԼսͶעһں׾ʯ治֪ʲôǶѵǶ
ôǵãҲǶҼǴ𣿡
վѺעȺУԿʼԼıݡ
ս񣬶ȷʵǶǵսǻԪϼɵۡ͛V˳˵ס
ŶûǴԵ
սѺעʱ仹ûͶעġһں׾ʯֻǵһͶעɣ͛V˵
ôһ˵ҾˡһΪǶԼսûģΪԼսңԲעԻȻı顣
ܵ˿ս͛Vһһͣܶ˶񵱳
ҲȥѺע̨Ͷעڵȣȶ˹һϣӦòþƣϢ˶УǺס
Ѻ¬սʤءԹ۲һᣬҡҡͷε
ս¬սǻԪϼǿߡսûʲôܻʤңȻҪѺ¬սʤˡ˵
ҲһɣԪϼǿ֮䣬ʵҲС¬սȻлԪϳƺţҲΪжǿҪȻҲսҵǾãҿܻԴ˵
¬սɲʵĻԪϼɵۡ˿Ц
̫߹ˣʵ¬ҲǿиɵĻɫҸ˵¬սʵûǿһְ˵
Ѻע˵ЩҪŭ¬սŭ
ϢȷʵҲܿʹ˶˵ĶС
ˣĻ˶Ķң¬սڷڣˡ
һ߸ϵĻԪϼɵۣһս񣬺ܵ裿Ǿԣڴ֮ͥ¹Ȼ
СҲŭĵͺ
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ԱһҲӹԾҧгݡ
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ھͶԾɱ֣ǿɾΥˣʱ򷨳۹棬ճ
·ģһ̵ģ̵նսʼȥѺעҪͶע¬սϵķŭ黹ûʧ¶Цȥ졣
ԣѺעѺһں׾ʯ̫ˡ
óٺ׾ʯ¬սʵ
Ҵһգ׾ʯȫóͶע¬ս˵һ䡣
μսλҲ׼˲ٺ׾ʯǰѺעУʧһ֣ʣµĺ׾ʯûʮˡ
һȺ˴˴գóһЩԼĺ׾ʯһճʮڡ
¬սԴʮں׾ʯȥѺע
¬սˣѺעڣ˿¬ս˽
ʱ򣬾Իһûһ̸š
СҪС¬սžԴŭȵ
¬սˣôôĻ𼤶һڶսаܸңǸѿЦеĶ¬ս
㡭Сգڣ¬սŶֻɱԵĳ嶯ҧѺעֱ̨ƹŶӵȺ
¬սԹ̨ڵĹԱҪѺע
áõģ¬ս񣡡Աʢŭ¬սӦ
ЩŶӵˣʱҲǸŭԡȷʵǣûм˸ս¬ս¬սĸʵ䱳һ˻һܹǵġ
¬սҪͶעһ̿ڣԱʵ
ϻȻԼ̿ڡţͶעʮں׾ʯ¬սһ﷨˦˹̨֮ϡ
˻
ʮں׾ʯ֣ܶʱһ䵹
ʮں׾ʯ
ҪͶעʮں׾ʯ
ʮں׾ʯˣһЩʱ䣬ѾͶעһں׾ʯټʮں׾ʯǾʮһں׾ʯˡ
ǸСһӣû˶ĺ׾ʯ

һƬȺдܶ˶̾ĸп
Щ¬սƵ΢һЩЩ̾мֵ⡣


3024 
¬սֺͶʮں׾ʯ
ʵ¬սݣӦǲʲôɾ͸СеģĲ̫ˡǻԪϼɵۣǶս񣬱ʮں׾ʯΣɴʱ˿̣ȴһַǳõĸо
ûǱսˣѹ֡
С䣬ǻͲᶯŭȴѾһλкܴսˡսȻûлԪϼƺţˣϣսѰԪϼʵ
СϷժԴͶעɺ¬սֿԣڲϱȻһ¡
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¬սɫ˺ڣѺע˳ȥ
ʮں׾ʯǶ˴ճġҪ׾ʯֻǾ͵ñһЩԴˡ
¬սʮں׾ʯͶע¬ս뾰ս̿ͶעȻͳԽʮں׾ʯӽʮں׾ʯӡ
Ͷעаϣһ̿ڵҲԽ˵̿ں͵ڶ̿ڣﵽ˵ڶֻսڵѺע֮̿¡
Ϊ¬սͶעô̿ڵͶע飬ָࡣѺעԼͶע¬սʤ
ʮʮʮһģѺעӻԾѺעһЩβѺע
ģս¬սһѺע̿ڵͶעʮں׾ʯһ̿Ҳսڵ̿ڣԽԽӽˡ
սͶעʤʺܸ˰ɡǣǲҲȥѺע͛VԾʵ
ٵȵȣӡ
ں׾ʯĶעѵͲעĹһֱҲ˳ۣҪصں׾ʯĵλƥ䰡˵ǿĶ֮һʮŸ֮УһֱǰֿʼˣεĿ
ɱȶҪеöࡣڶдеȵλãǴڶˡŵĵһ
ǲأͼأҲǲǿǷǳǿôڣͶֻѺôһĺ׾ʯأĪǣˣԳ㳰һ
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ѺעȻȹңǲܾˡ˵ѺעڴϢ󣬱˹ٴμעȻˣҲΪԱذйأлʤҲΪսļ䳰ͱľ˼ע
ս¬ս̿ڣͶעܿʹﵽʮں׾ʯһ̿ڣֻں׾ʯˡ
Ҳţеĺ׾ʯ׬ˡ࣬Ҳˡǣ͵ֹһ䡣
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ð͛VžԣСϱһ˳
ŶӣԺͼ͛VһѺע̨ǰ
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ҪͶעЦ˵
еĺ׾ʯ˳ڶһЩǰоڶ׾ʯڽ״Դں׾ʯ֮ΪͻƵɵһЩʣڶһĺ׾ʯ
սﻹһЩ͛VԼϵļǧ׾ʯҲóһͶע
͛VҲƴˡ
֪Ըβսʤ¬ս񣬵žԡȻô˵ˣͲô࣬ԵĻǡ
ǧ׾ʯɣԽͷ
ǧ׾ʯݸ˹Ա
ͶעԼһ¬ս񡣡Բһ䡣
áõģԱͷ˵սΪ˴Ͷעĺ׾ʯǧԾ㣬ѺעսʤһʮһԱԼ˵ʣеޱȵ𾪡
δʳʮδ˵һ˵ʴﵽıǱȽϺġ
ţ˽ˡЦŵͷȫѺ˰ɣ


3025 ʼ
ǧ׾ʯ
֣ǲոշ¬սͶʮں׾ʯȡǣսҹֻһСңǴĶ
ңսͶעǧ׾ʯĵԼʤҲս񽫻ܶ¬սһʮһһӮˣǾս񽫻Ѻע߶ٺ׾ʯ
һ룬ĳȼѡ
ȻˣѺעڶ߿ҲֻһˡϾս¬սǿһĿȻͲҪ顣
̨ڵĹԱﾰ԰ص
Ͷע󣬾Ժͼ͛Vûٶය˺ܿ뿪Ѻע֮ǰѺעЩ˵ôĻҪĿľ뼤ŭǼԼгԹĹңǼͶעƸԼʤʡѾѺעȻҲͲҪٶ˵ˡ
ԱͲָߵˣʱѡߵͨԭĿĵġ
ǱߣͶע񵥣
¬ս;ս̿ڣͶעŵһˣսǸ̿ˡ
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¬ս;սѺע̿ڣͶעڿ֮С
ѺעȻûжԴ̿ڽ޶Ѻעǲ޶ˡ֮ǰ˵ֻʱͶע޶𣿡
ֱҹѺעرѺע̿ڣս¬սĶս̿ڣͶעȻǵһλͶעӽʮں׾ʯ֮ޡսһѺע̿ȣս̿ڣͶעҪҵӡ
Ҳզ಻ѡ
ѺעĶ㣬һ󳼡ͿУ󳼵ȸѺעԱۼһڡ
ˣ¬ս;սѺע̿ڣյͶעȷʮڰǧİٶʮ֮ޡЩͶעǶ¬սʤľսʤģֻоսԼͶעǧ׾ʯͲͶעں׾ʯټһЩɢͶעҲʮں׾ʯͿУһ˵
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ţҶԴѾԤˡһͷɫ˵
ˣ̿ڣѺע϶ҪʧˡսǿҲ¬սְͿУ̾Ϣһ
һſ̿Ͷע޶ʱͿУ󳼾ͱʾԣķԲδЧ
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С󣬱һ㱨¬ս;ս̿ڵû˵ʲôսܸ¬սǾսҪΪ۹Чһʱ䡣ô˵Ƿ۹׬ġ
գ
սλ׶εĵһսʽʼ
ιվ̨ıԵвμӵһսսȫ뵽˹㳡֮ϡ
λλ׶Σһսʼ
ι仰˵꣬һһɫ˸ŹεǳС
׶εսλսԼѡ񡣡
棬Һֵսϵ̨
ιϵս˳򣬿ʼһһĺսǵ֡
ںսֺ
ս¬ս룡ι˾ս¬ս֡
ս˳Ǹսȷֵʱеġ죬սȷս¬ս񣬽ԷԿսʱǺġھȷսĶ֮ǰֻȼսѾȷԼս֡ԣսʽʼ˳򣬾ս¬սĶսҲǰ漸顣
Ժ¬սȺ̨
¬ս񣡡ιǶ¬ս˹֡
ι¬սҲιֻ
¬ս񣬻Ԫϼǿߣι¬սǱѰսΪһЩ
ս񡣡ι漴ֶԾЦЦ
ҲЦŻӦι


3026 ս¬
׶εĶսɱڴ󶷳ϷĶռ䡣
ι¬ս񡢾սк󣬴󶷳Ͽմ˴͵˶ռ䡣
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սս¬սԼһĵġֵ۹򽭵΢΢ͷ
սӦǲѸ¬սܣô˵ҲǽԪϵżˡ۹ǡ
˵仰ֿǰѻ˵ȥˣҪ뾰ս۹󹫾ݡ
ģλžǣҲλ񡣡ЦЦ
ս룬۹󹫾𣿡Ĺʵ
ԾսʵǰʮӦǿԵġĹ
ǿɲһս¬սĶսˣսɾ˵ˡÿǰΣǾ͵սȽսһվܣǾҪˡĹĿ
ĹԾսĺ⣬ô󰡣۾̲˵һ䡣
Ĺһ㲻ˡʵǲϣ۹辰󹫾ݡΪһһݣ뱨ԿɾˡֻǶԸһԣĹΪѣԷ۹ǾͲԳܵˡ
ЩãλҲͲٶ̸۾ˡȻĵΪĹ˵е⾰ڵһսоѡ¬սίʵԴˡڼλ򲻸ȥսԪϼսôֱԼ
󶷳սһƬ֡
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¬սԾս䲻ܿڶսʹɱ֣սܷδ֪
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ˮս¬սȣ
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ΣˮսҲͨԪϼɵ۽һ¬սսˮսּܼʱ䣿
󶷳ҳһ࣬ΪʱѾռս٣Լе߶۾ս¬սΪ¬ս񽫻ɱսҲ˾þս񲻻ױɱ
ռ䣬Ժ¬սңңţ˫ȫɢ⡣
Сӣ˵ˣСڡգҪֽԴժ¬սžԡ
¬սԾԵɱ⣬˿δ
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УһɫĶ̸֣ı۱һܼǿĿֲ۱ѻĵ۱ڻԪռպգͬʱҲǻԪ۱ϵ
ѻһ֣ԾᵽǵصɷɫĶ̸֮ϣɱ졣
¬սȡԼѻһֱֻۣڸĦ̸ϣʱǧɫӿ
ԵɫҲ
ı׽¬ɺܳԿ׽δ۱֮С
ԸͨĻԪϼɵۣҵʵ˵Ӧⲻ󡣿¬ѰĻԪϼɵǿĶࡣһСģҿܻܡ˼š
ҵƣ˫ɵۣ¬֪һǵɵۡҪȡĿܻ¬ǳʤ¬δʶҵĵɵ֮ǰܴʧһʵУؽֳĿⶢ¬
ڰԪռ䣬˫ɵǷǳǿġǣڰԪռڣΪɵʱϾܶݡ;˵ڵֻǸոմﵽɵۼѡڣǬǧػڰԪռ䣬Ҳǰе
ʩչǬǧػǾ̡
СϷȳ֣˵ϷԴС¬սĿžԣЦ˵
Զ¬սû˵˽ؽ΢Ȼ̤Ŷ¬սɱȥ
ؽĽ棬â£嫡
Сúã¬սˣӶѻдȣһƬ۵ĸӰž˹ȥ
ǰһ̻ڿ˵þȳֹɻûȾԿͶԾԳˡԾңԶþȳ֣ʵͲȳ֡


3027 ʾ
¬սӳĸӰ˲Ϣӽԡ
Ըеޱǿѹ˹ЩӰÿһ̺ƥܡ
ˮƵʵȷʵǱ¬˺ܶࡣȫ΢綼
ԻԪս¬κεĴ⡣
¡¡ӰھԵϡ
ؽͼĸӰдһͨӰ̺̫ǿؽ̽һξͱɢʧ
ۣڵֵƬʱ󣬾Ե˳ȥ
ɫâת⻤ȫֵס¬ĸӰԾ䱻ɣӰûܴ뾰Ե塣΢磬ͬеһδƥ
ڿеɳԶԲסΡѪ΢޷ƽ
̫ǿˣҲó¬սǿ
սʮĴڣȷʵǷ
ս¬սһĻ˵С
¬սȻǿ󣡡
ǰһͨĹ㽫սɳȥǿǾսֻѾˡ
ˮս񣬱¬ս̫ࡣսܹܶˮս񣬵¬սȻвСĲࡣ
սЩԴˣս¬սһλ䱣ʵǴѡ񡣡
ǣս¬սĲɱ
ⲻûʵڳԪϼڣҲǲĿһν濴սʵȷʵǱ¬սһ
ĿǰսͲܶ¬վǾ͸ܻ¬սˡ
¬սЦһ
СһΪжǿڿСʵҲˣ¬սЦ˵
̭׶ΣԵı̫˷˼Ա¬սȻΪԲԼ֣жٻЩٳʲôԼƿ֮顣
ͨһν棬ͳ׷ˡ
һγֻ֣⹥һЩߵ򣬲δʹյǿ
ס壬˿ؽٶ
ɱԿӰ¬սȥ
Գһʱ¬ս񲻽Ļѻ
һΣѻͷųĸӰµı仯¬սʹһֹһĴӰ̺Ĺ˴ȵ
ãԵסϵףγһϣܹж¬սιľ
е۱׸ԿԳһ
Ҫ֪ڵϳɾɵۺ󣬾Ե΢ɱġϣҲǽȣǿ΢ǿ
һУԵ졣뺮øȣҲˡ
ս񻹲䣡žԣüа
ĻǿԻ¬սƴɱҲ޷ǿöսֹֻžԱ¬սɱ
ԭΪԻᵽ¬սʵȷԼ޷սʤ¬սġڿǵ͹˾Եִ֡
ôȥսΣհ򽭵ҡҡͷ˵
ܲ¬ս̫ιǡ¬սԼǿ󡣡Ҳ˵
¬ɱսģڲǿľԵʵĻᣬöԾսһɱ˵
Ǻǡ⾰˭ҲȲءĹΪĵ˵ѾϲüˣƺԪռУûʲôܱۿԱնɱ˿ˡ
Ҳ֪ԵжĳԹ
Ҳδأٹݺݵҧҧ˵
ˣٹѺں׾ʯľԻʤٹں׾ʯ𣿡ĹתĿٹ
սûн˭ȷĹСּٹЩΥĵ˵սûϵӲ
ٹǲײĲᰡˣ㻹ϣ˵¬սս
䣡
ռ䣬Եٴεı˳ȥһΣһθҵö࣬ϵĵ۱ףࡣ׵ĳЩλƿ¶ĳۡңԵɫҲԵò԰˼֣ƺԼܿѪ
ס󣬴ڵĴϢ
սУסˡ
¬սһιضҪش
ȷʵǺܴ¬սĻԪϼɵۣײЩν׼ԪϼɵƵġ
䣿ѵҪԼɣʱˣӲţʲô壿
·ߣϿָָ㣡


3028 ֲķ
Ⱥеļ͛VһžԵò԰ס
ûʶʱԼǽһң˾ȫھԵϡþ䣬û취ԾԴ
ЩԾԻеˣһ㵸Щ¬սͶעʤˣϲ֮Ա
ռڵľԣֱֱЩ֫һ̧Ŀ¬
һ˫˫Ŀ£ؽ巢档
¬սֻѻһΣȻûʹǿǹһγֵʱ򣬶ԾһɱԼоԵĺܴ󣬷Ҳн͵ļ
ֻҪιԻ䣬һֱɽһɱĻᡣ
¬񣬱ޱȡ
ֲĸӰһδζԾԳɱҧֵ
Сƴ֤ԼĹ𣿡
ǺǣҲʱ䡣
¬ս񣬼ξȻûϱɳȥЦŵ˵
Ϊƴˣڲϧһе
ʱӰеľԣȴϢģؽ˱׽Ҳʱ嵹˳ȥǰβͬǣһʵǾıɡ嵹ɳȥһ̣ס塣
Ǭǧػһȡ
¬ս񣬷ԼǿǬǧػ̺ǿ
Ϊ¬ս֮ľ룬ǳһ볤ȵӣԴʱ˵ľ벻ԶǬǧػܲ˲Ϣͽӽ¬ս
һֶΣ
ˮս񣬾Сֵһֶβų˴Ϸϵ¬սЦЦ˵
׼
붡ˮսɱʱùǬǧػ¬սҲ˽⡣ԵǬǧػɱʱû˿ĻҺͲִ٣ڵžһС
¬սûгָһֱֻۣڿռڻһ£ӿ߶֮£ǬǧػγɵĲռɨ˹ȥ
ʵҪԵǬǧػʲôѵģֻҪ׼Ǻ׵顣
սһǴöԸˮսİ취͵Ϯ¬ս񰡣һɵҡҡͷʧı˵
ԸˮսʱΪҶ֪ܹʩչˮսԴ˷ܹЧְ취ٶԸ¬սǾǳ˵ΣǾԲܵˡ
̾Ϣҡҡͷ
λȻû˵ǵı鿴Ҳ֪ǲΪʹһֶܲЧսĶ֣¬ս񰡣
ԵȷʵǳǿᣬϾǵɵۡʩչѺѵģǷȱ˲١ԸѰɵû⣬ԸԪϣǾ̫һԸˡ
ţ
ʲô¬սӶҪƵǬǧػܣܿͲԾ
͵ѾǽӴǬǧػһȴδеǰ㽫ǬǧػɨǬǧػڲĲռ䣬õıƽڵλá
ԣԣ⡭ôܣܡ¬սɴ۾ȫǲš
ȻںеľԡһͷԺг֡
ɵۣɵۣôܣôǵɵۣ붡ˮƽֵʱϸǵѡڣеɵ۵Ϣ
¬սǸӦ˾ϵɵ۵Ϣ΢Ч̫ˣԵĵصúѱֱ֡ʱ¬Ÿ֪Եɵ۵
ǡЩˣ
ɵ۾ľԣʩչƵǬǧػ֮ǿ󣬱ͽӽԪϼɵȫһˡټ΢һܣǿĻԪϼɵȫһ
£¬սҲֵܵסܵ˰ˡǣ׼̫͹ʩչǬǧػĹˡ
¬սһ𣬷߶򣬼۱ͼֵסǬǧػܡ
¬սôˣ·һɵĿſ˵
Ȼ˻ռսĻܹսı仯¬սıɫȻһֻҪϸĿֱܷó
ǴӾսʩչ¬սľˣ˵
ôᡭսܺܺãֲǵɵۡ˹ЦΪȻ
̨ϵĵԪϼǿǣȴһˡǣͨԼ۾Ҳ˾ս¬սսгֵľ޴仯ˡ


3029 ˫ɵ
սʩչƺ¬ս˼źв
̨ϵĵһʱ䶼û˵ΪҲȷǣҲ޷̽ռڵֻƾȥжϣжȻôȷ
ģ¬սзŭ
ԵǬǧػ̫ǿ¬սǵе۱еֵȻסķϵ˺ѿӭĽĻռ仹ڲӡ
ʱ¬սѾûоȥǾôΪɵ۵ˣȫ񶼷˵ֵǬǧػһ¡
ͣ
飡
¬ս߶ķ۱ǱǬǧػ˺ѿܵΣȻȥԿڽĻռ˺֮£ķٵɢ
¬ս񷢳һ壬ܿƵĿʼˡ
¬ս񣬽ѻӵ˼ޣ߾ȫܵնɱĻռ䡣ȻһЩâ˽ȥЩ͸ĽâſֲĻ֮Ҫɱ
¬սҲȷʵǼΪǿΪһѾõĻԪϼսɵֶۣԶǶˮƵܱȵġ½â壬Ȼа취пơ֮ڣһֲѰķʽ뽣â
һߣԵɵҲֹͣΪ˳䲻ʩչǬǧػһֶΣҲ˺ܶࡣֵõġʩչǬǧػԸ¬ս¬սܹסģͨԪϼҪǿ
һûκεԥ߶¬ս¬սѾ֪塢˫ɵۣǲҪٿĿתˡļӳ֮£Եĳٶȱøˡ¬սûиֹԽӽ
ʱ¬ս˱ܣΪһɢôŬάֵǬǧػľͿܿٱ
¬սޱȵĽȴ޼ƿʩ
¬Ϲٽһӽһ󣬾Եı׽̳
¶ı׽Ҳܹܾȫʩչˡ
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սҪΪʤ𣿡
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¬սɲ԰ϣͶ׾ʯ
¬սҪϷˣһ¾ս񡭡
սߣܶӶˣҲܿ¬ս·硣ˣ¬սڹϷˣԡ
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һΣ¬ս񱻽ڿռڻ˼Σǵ˳ȥ
¬սǵɵۣǿһ޷ϣشɱ̫ѵ顣
޷嵹ɵ¬սѪɫɷסеѻյúܽȻûзʱδͷ
¬ս񣬻ŵȶ֮뾰Բɱɱ
Ȼ¬սѾˣǬǧػĲֽâ͸壬ⲿֽâȻ𽥱ڵɱϾѾˡֻоһҷɣһ𵴹ȫܵĳΪ޴³ѪҺ
ȫľΪС£ȫӵóʱܱ侲ǾӦжϳԼ޷뾰Բɱˡսʱ˭ܱ侲
˵һԪϼɵۣսҲѷ䡣
Ǭǧػת΢ʩչǿǬǧػ
λǲһĸоսѾǵɵˣתĿ˿Լʵ
Ҳоսǵɵˣ΢˵
ţսһսʩչȻ붡ˮսսʱһȴر𡣡˵ͷ˵
ⲻ̫ܰɣս붡ˮսսʱڣŰʱȥʱ䣬ʹɵ۾ˣ򽭵˫üҡҡͷ
Ȼô˵ȻҲóս¬սʩչܷǳǿֻǣЩϾսǵɵۡ
ǵɵۣǾ˫ɵˡһ˫ɵۣ۹󹫾ݣȻǲҪǵ飬۹϶ġ
Ϳ˵۹ɫҲԲÿϣòϣս˫ɵۣǷ۹辰ս󹫾ݣǷǳȼ֮ľ


3030 սɹ
ȼλǴſϷ˼Ϊսֵ۹󹫾ݣԵʵȻ׻ûлûԪƺţҲ̫ǳҪ辰ս󹫾ݣ򲻿ܵġ
ڣսȴֳܿ˫ɵۣʹĲһˡ
Ԫռ䣬˫ɵ۲мսһսǿȫԪ߶֪սսϵֱܹ
ǵɵۣ¬սķ۱ɲѰ֮ս˺¬սķ۱΢Ц
ս˵ˡ
΢ҲЩ飬ǳӡ
ԭս񶼴Ӧٸߵ۹󹫾ˣΪ߾Ľ룬ȡ˼ƻ߾һţǾԳΪٸߵ۹󹫾ǰ϶顣ٸߵ۹õһ˫ɵ۵ĸδԻпܽͥΪǴеһԱ
ڣһжջƻ
΢߾棬ʹһûᣬǰװ͵ˡλԺܷܿܽ۹󹫾ݡ
ռ䣬ս¬սĶսڼ
¬սǿ֮ĩҧ֧ţ˱ıԵ
ǬǧػĹƣӦʵѲȫӳʩչԼǿĹֶΣҲۿۡ
ৣ¬սǰ
¬ս֪ԼˣҪֹԣȴȥֹ
ʶһսԼǲܻܾԣɱԡٲĻ¬սܻܿһɱ֮С
Ļȴ˵ڡ
սʼ֮ǰ˵̫ˣҪɱԣҪժ¾ԵԴöսԪϼɵۣôջԼĻأ
ᱻۣжˣз¬ս
¬ս񣬱Ǻӵˡ
ҵʱ¬սҲǳҪɱԣֻ
岨֮ӿ깥Ȼ
ԣҲܵĲ¬սĻᡣ¬Ҫɱĵˣܴʴȵ˼лᣬһҪĽնɱ
岨Ĺ̼ĺ¬սϡڿɵ۾󣬾Ե깥ܣͬ붡ˮƲɱʱܱˡڵĶ岨깥ǷǳֲͨɵۣпܱԵĶ岨ֱش塣
¬ս嵱ȻǸΪǿģʱƣڱ޷ȫԸĶԿ岨Ĺһ岨Ӱ죬Ǿٲľء
ö岨ĿģҲҪ岨ܶݵӰ¬սֻҪôһʱ䣬Ҳ㹻ˡ
ɱ
һȡ
¬սȷʵ岨Ӱˣ˶ݵʧãȻָǵʱ򣬾Եı׽ѱƽš
¬ս˺ѷεĲҽ
ڹս򣬶ƺԼ¬սĲҽ
սߣֻһɱȥ¬ս壬м룬ܾȵ롣
񱩵Ļ˲Ϣǽ¬սɱ
󶷳ս򣬱ѻȸߣƺˡټĴ󶷳ڣһʱ侹
еˣĿգֳֳľս
̨ϣߴ۹ĵȫվЩĹͬˣһ鶼Щơ
¬ս񣬾նɱˣԪϼɵۣս񣬾ôλ׶εһսУ˾սСλսڱսλ֮ǰڻԪռûκε
λιټս֡ιĿ⣬ҲŴ󶷳Ͽա
ã֪˭ĺһӣ˲ŷ·𶼻ع
սս¬ս񣬳ɹ۹ԱһսĽ
ս񣬻¬սʬ壬Ӷռ䴫˳
ս塢ɵ۾磡˵
գսܵõͥĻԪϳƺţ˵
ԵõԪϳƺţǱض顣ܹɱ¬սɵۣʵ֮ǿԪҲŵϺˡ
λǰǿɶ׿˵ˣҷ۹辰ս󹫾ݡ۾һתŸĵֽ䱸˵һ䡣
ǺǡɲҪЦЦһ˸˵
λƤǱȽϺģֽ˵ҿû˵Ļ
Լǰ˵ĻͲˡ


3031 ֪Ƽ
һʱһʱ
ս塢˫ɵܹȷ
ڵĶλȻҪһ£Ե˼
ⷬɫ䡣ھսδܷ۹󹫾裬Ҳ˵һжڱ
֮ǰǲ̫þսġ㣬һǿ۹ĵҪעԼݣ˵ȥĻջء
ţҵҾս̸һ̸ʲôҪ󡣡ȻƤȫһȻ
˿ݺݵҲٶ˵ˡ
ʱȴȫ촽ֺɫ¬սնɱ޷ܵһ¡¬սսҲǿߡʧȥ¬ս񣬶پ޴ս
Կ϶˵ʮŸеĵλֱ½ǣܹҵһǿĻԪϼɵΪս
¬սʬ壬䶯
¬ս;ԵĶս̿ϣѺעһʮһں׾ʯʮһں׾ʯҲѪ޹ˡǱȽϸУʮһں׾ʯҲһ޴֡ĿʱڶԵÿ顣ñԴܻʮһں׾ʯ
ѹ΢΢
ʱԵ񣬾¶һ˿ЩκįʶչϵıңҪɱԣȻҲǷǳѵ顣¬սھУʲôɱԣ
дޣȴ÷й
ͬΪѹģĹս¬սʱĹ˵Կ޴ĵزԼΪԻ¬սУ벻ĽɱбնɱľȻǿ¬ս
Ϊʲôǿ󣡡Ĺ˻
뵽ʱ򣬼͛VžԹվǰҪõһ̿ʱĹ̲סһѾЩǲԼΪʲôôԴ͛V;սˡ
Ĵ𣿡Ĺʡ
һҵˣⱲӼûйԼʱ򡣿ΣĴ̫ˡ

սʤˣ
ս񡭡¬ս񣡡
ǿޱȵ¬սսʮ¬ս񣬾Ȼɱˡ
սʵܹԪǰˡȻûõƺţ˭Ҳ˵սǻԪϡ
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󶷳ڣһƬľѺ¬սʤ̫ˣȫѪ޹顣ЩѺսʤˣϲüҡͨѺע׬ˡ
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϶ǰôɱ¬ս˫ɵۣȻֲ
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˵ǰһʵͨ¬սһɱǲſʵ
ţƺҲֻһͣ
Ⱥеļ͛Vպ˵ġ
սλ׶Σڼ֮Сֻǣоս¬սⳡսǰսĶսͺ̫ĹעˡԪϼڵĲɱƺҲʧɫ˺ܶࡣ
Ѻע㣡
󳼣Ҵҵһǰ
ˣ󳼶Աһ˹֡
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ˣǾսʤˡ¬ս񣬱նɱӴ󶷳Ϣ˵ս˫ɵۡ󳼲˵
ʲôһȻվƲıһ£۾Բ
ôܣһĵһӦǾòʵ
ˣս̫ǿˡһξս̿ͶעѺעܴ׬ȡ׾ʯȥָĲ֣Ҳпɹ۵ջ˴ˣ̾ģ
ȷʵߴˡھ̿ͶעսʤòӮȡ˺ĺ׾ʯͬʱõս̿ھ˵Ѻע֡
ͨһλܵõһսλ̿ܻгʮѺע̿Ǵա
ǵĵˣȻ֪ƼԤϵսڴսʤһݵ˵ΪǰжϾս¬սԲŻſ¬ս̿Ͷע޶


3032 ⲻȥ
һΪδ֪ʵҲû뵽սܻ¬ս
ſ̿Ͷע޶ǻھԸΪ۹Чʱ䡣
󶷳ϣһֳ֮С
ĺٹˣЦúϲ£졣һȺˣûпѹԼϲáΪǰĹЩƣֵǷˡ
£ǲķˡüЦտ
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¬սӦǡ䣬ܻ˵öԲԣٹ
˺ٹһۣнٹʮ˴һ顣
ǺǣսѾսȡ¬սλãʱǵʮЦ˵
Ի¬սսԶȡ¬ս¬սţξǵʮ
֪սһֻսһλս񡣡򽭵˵
ǡФսҿսӣҲǺءĹ
뾰ҲìܣФսսʮչսǿһ־սФսġ
Ĺɫ˱䡣
ھսɱ¬ս֮ǰĹǰͲþսФս񡣿ڣ뷨ˡίʵǣԵı̫档ФսȻ¬ս߳λʵϣʵܴФս񼴱ǿôһ㣬˽ֵĻФսҲһܻ¬ս
һսսФսǽҲ˵ѵҪФս䣿
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3036 ǿ۹
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ս㲻ؼžܾǺҶ۹ʱ俼ǵʧսЦһ


3037 ˽
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ҾսǰڻԪռû˵ڻԪռûʲô
ˣսߴ۹֪Ҳˡ
ս񣬺Ҷ۹Ľߴ۹Сġ㣬ֻз۹֮һҡ۹Ľߴ۹Ҳģֵ۹Ͱ۹Ľȷ۹ҪһЩٹԾԽ
Ȼ󣬿ɺҶ۹ǿ۹һ۹顣еԭͥйءٹԾᵽͥ
֮һ
ٹźҶ۹սҹңҲᵽǸͥͥ˵ò࣬ΪҲŹ˵
սҹ㣿ٹ۾һɵ
֪ˣҶ۹Ҳս㡣ٹȻı˵
ʵһЩʱ򣬺ٹҲս˼ûüжھսɱ˶ˮսߴ۹㶼˾ս񡣾սߴ۹ܾˣٹȻҲͷ뷨
ս˵սȥսˡ˿Ҷ۹ȷʵǼ俴ؾս
սսսǿޱȡսһս񣬶ܹλá˵ʵǷԪռ䣬ҲûɵսʤԳ㣬ɼҶ۹Ծսӡٹ˵
ǺǡЦһ
ս˵ЩġԼҶ۹ҲûʲôܵĹϵվϿǣҾӦüҶ۹Ҷ۹ôʵ̫ˡҪһ㣬ͥĹϵٹ¾ᣬⷬн͵˼
ţͥһִڣԵͷʵ
ͥǻԪռϵһͥʱɾλ齨ġλۣǻԪռΪǿľλߡͥԪռʷУ½λ߼ͥͥʮλۡÿһλۣͨ쳹صԶʤɵۡ
ҪͥΪۣеѶȣ޷ֻ˵۹棬Ҳ޷ͥҲûʸۡս˵ĵ۹棬Ͼǵ۹ĵߡЩ棬ʵɲ⣬˵ǵ۹ǿ֧
ˣ۹Ψһһ⣬ǾǺҶ۹档Ҷ棬ͥһԱһͥۡٹͳٽϿ졣
ţսҲᵽҶ۹ͥۡ˵
ֻǣһǲ̫ͥʲôģתĿʵ
ͥʲôģٹ۾
⣬һҲ֪ôشͥʲôģٹҲǺͥǸ߸ϵļص֯ĶĹҲԽӴǸΡ
ֻ֪ͥһ仰һǿԻٵһ
սҲû֪ͥģҲǵ;˵ˡ֪ͥڽɽ֮С˵ͥƺа취ĻԪռ䣬˵ͥŽԪռͨţһ˵֪֮ͥӵܡٹҲ޷ȷЩϢʵԡ
֮ӣֹһ䡣
֪ɽ֮ص֮ӣԪռĺڰ׺ӡ
ڰԪռ䣬ǣ֪֮ӵĴڡȻֻлԪϼɵִۣ֮ܵӣһЩСߣҲ˵֮ӡҪ˵֮ӵܣ¾ûмܹ֪ˡǺٹĴڣҲ֪֮ӵܡ
սǷȥ֮ӣٹһ䡣
ȥġԵͷ˵Ԫĺڰ׺ӡ
ٹԣ΢΢һ£սȻȥ֮ӡ
֮ӵĺˮɡһֺɫˮһְɫˮ֮ӣبʣ˭Ҳ֪ԴͷҲ֪ʲôطֻ֪ǺڰֺˮȫɻԪߵγɡ
֪֮ͥӵԴͷյɣٹ¶㽵ɫ
ˣлٹΪҽ󡣡ٹл
ս̫ˡҲİ졣ٹϵžԡ
սһ˵һҪ濼ǷҶ۹λᣬδܾĻˡҶ۹棬ͥ۰Ҷ۹Ǻܶ鶼ȵĴǣͥΪ۵Ļᡣٹֶݵ˵
ⷬĵģȻҲһЩ˽ġ


3039 ۱׽
ս벨ڹϵս˺Ҷ۹ڻԪռӰض֮ҲմǿһЩӰ
ҿǿ˵ɡ˵
ٹ󣬾Իص˾סķᡣʱ͛VȥѺעδ
һˣڷڣǹںҶ۹ͥ顣
Ҷ۹Ľ棬ͥһλۣͥһʮλۡߴ۹֮УΨкҶ۹ۣͥ۹棬ûʸͥ
ͥʮۣÿһλͨ쳹ױȵоλۣǴӻԪռ䵮ʱʹڵģλһͬͥλۣں½ͥߡ
պٹ˵ͥޱУһҲ˳ɹͥԪռʷɱԪö࣬ԪһδεԪȴƺδ¡Ԫڵʱ䣬ȷʵԶԶԪ
ʱֻ߼ͥɼҪͥѶ֮޴
ԣҲڿԼܷͥԣҪصԪֹڰ׺ӻԪռġڣв֪ȶڰ׺ӣ֪ܻصԪܽͥǻܵõϢ
ٹᵽͥͨԪռͨ
Ԫ²Ԫ
Ԫʱδ˵ԪĴڡȫɵۡһɵǴԪʱʹڣҲ֪ԪĴڡаԪ߽ԪȫɵǲӦúŶԡԳš
ңһɵǣԺڰ׺ӵ˽ⶼޡ
Ԫռ䣬ָʲôɽʲôܣҡҡͷ
ȻڰԪռ䣬ҲѾǵ˫ɵۣģȻʲ塣
սλȥ֮ӿɣԺһ
ţ
ʱ򣬾΢΢һ
ͷһת׽ֶ
׽ĪҪɱˣ˫Ŀű׽Ӧ˱׽쳣
սλ׶ʽʼ֮ǰ¶׽м˲ٰԪռϣδܹñ׽ֱɱΪ۱
ʱ׽ȴɱס
׽ڲԿ̵ĵǳȶԼɱ䣬ҲҪȥơ׽ȫеɵ۱ɱˡԻЩ棬߶͸뵽׽ڲռ䣬۲׽ܾõ
Ȼǿʼɱˡ
ܿ׽ͽﵽ۱ˡԵ˵ͷ¶ڴı顣
׽ﵽ۱ǻȵӡ۱ٲҲѰܹ֮ȵġԪռʱһ۱ֱռֻܹ߶۱ȫԿԽȥɱС
ĺɳǣҹɵ۵ĵ۱ֶܹܽƿ
ԪΪɵۺܶ࣬۱ҲͱȽϳǵ۱ǵ۱ԿѰ
ţӦҲΪñ׽նɱ¬ս񡣡ת
ԵĲ²⣬ȷġ
ûñ׽նɱ¬սλԪϼɵۣǱ׽ɱΪ۱Բô졣
һҪɱΪ۱Ҫɵôʱ;ԪռˣԪռͬˡ
ɱ¬ս񣬱ƴ߻һ㣬׽̡
Ҳ֪ҵı׽ɱ֮ű׽
۱۱֮䣬ҲǺܴġ¬սѻǾǻԪռ۱ϵǿܣֲ¬սѻԾԵһ˺
׽ɱ̣δķ̫ʱ䡣
ԼĪֻһʱӣһĨ貵Ĺ⻪ڱ׽Ľת׽ڲռγ˹֮ơȵܲڽΧ
ű׽ĸܵ׽ȵܲơѹ½۱ɢ̼׽ɢͿԴݻһƬᡣ
ãýȷʵǷǳϲ
Բûʹù۱Ԫռʱ򣬵õٵ۱սƷǱ׽ȴǾԼı۱Ƿ
ң׽¶ʱҲģܹԼʹá˵Դ߶΢Ҫʹؽʺϳˣֱʹñ׽Եвɱɡ
ҵı׽Ӧܽ۱ܽ룬ܴﵽأ԰ת׽ϵΪܣˣ׽һ֡
׽ܣԲѰ۱Աġ


3040 Ҫ
˱׽Եսǻнϴȵ
¬սս֮ǰ׽ɱΪ۱ôսͲôˡ
е۱ı׽ʹãս֮УʵӦԽǰʮˣսʮսФǡԵһ
ԭǴ㲻λ׶μսˡڶֺ͵ֻᣬΪսǰʮսȷʵǺްա
ʮФ˵Фսս¬ս񣬿϶Ҫ΢ǿһЩġԶФս񣬺ܻܿܡڱ׽Ϊ۱Եİվʹࡣ
۱һɵ۵İǷǳ޴ġ
ʱ򣬾촫Ǽ͛VѺעˡ
£Գ䣬һ
սȥҺٹˣ͛VЦžԵ
ţֻ򵥽̸һᣬһЩͥϢսû˵ٻԵ
£ѺעͶע𣿡ת
ͶһЩڼ̿ڸͶ׾ʯ͛VгһߣͶעǴո֣ʮĺ׾ʯ仹ӮھԺͼ͛V˵޹ؽҪ

գսλ׶εڶսʽʼ
ûսսҲûսսԣԵڶֶսУǲҪɱġԻȥ˴󶷳
ԣ뿴һսĶս
ھڶսУսڶλսսսսǷ۹ս
Ͻսλٰʱսսλھ׶սڶսɹӶԼ˵ڶλ
սһǳǿĵɵۣ˵ͻܴ󡣾ʵԣȻһռ䡣
ڻԪռ䣬սҲܹעս֮һ
սʼ󣬾ҲʱעԪϼɵ֮Ķսսսսʼ㽫עȫŵһս֮С
սսҲˣڴ󶷳ϿյĶռ䣬򵥵Ĵкɱ㿪ʼˡ
սȻǿ󣬵޷սɹġ
սѾβսףȡսλ˫ɵۣȷʵǼѣ
սһ֣ȫԸĹҲԼûʲôġսսҲֻǳһζѡ
ţսƽսҹû˿Ĵæ

󶷳Уսս̸ࡣܣв߾̸λսһ͵ڶǿս
սȷʵǿ󣡡ԶŶսеս񣬵˵
սս˫ɵۡδδزܳ͛V˵
ţӦһ
ԵĿ꣬ɲ֪ǳսսûмͥΪۣ˵սԽͥɴ˿ɼͥ۵ʵ϶սǿǿܶࡣ
ҪͥǲڳԽս
սսĶսûг̫ʱ䣬սȫʵó޷սʲôвˡ۹Ասսսʧܡ
һʱȥ׶εڶսȫ
һֵĶսսһЩµı仯ǰα仯СԵȻսʮλ
ιн׶εսĹ㳡ʼѡ׶εֵս
ֱȡսƣ֮ԿФս֡
ҹսսФս
սФս֣ڴ󶷳Ͽյʱ󶷳һƬƴ
ͬĹ㳡Фսϵûʲô仯սֻתĿ˾һۡ
̨ϵĹɫֱ뿴սԼսФս񲻵оԡ
սҪˡЦ˵
ǰһΣսսʮФս񣡡򽭵ͷ
սɹҪսǰʮˡսλʷϣƺδֹûеõԪϳƺŵɵۣսǰʮɣ
ţûӣ
ˣͥǱӦѾ֪սĴˡ֪սĻԪϳƺʲôʱܹ䲼
˵ãܺܿ죬Ҳܻһʱ䡣Ծսʵ϶Ҫõ˳ƺŵġ
λĽ̸š
κ˵սȥҹս񣿡һλٵĶκ˵
κҶ۹ĵ


3041 ô֪
Ԫռߴ۹ĵսλٰڼ䣬ڷ۹
Ҷ۹Ķκλлٵһλ˴˽̸κ඼ֳĬ
ĻκתĿ˿
սȥҹսϣսܹҶ۹κֱӾͻش⣬˿ڡ
κĻȵɫһ䡣
ЦЦ˵ս񲻴뿪ҹǶսȴܾκӦ֪ġ
Ҷ۹ǲͬġսΪ塢˫ս񣬴˵츳ԪҺҶ۹棬͡ţսǵľҶ۹ġκ˵
˻һۡ
ֻҲֻжκ˵޷ΪҶ۹ȷʵ۹ͬҶ۹棬ۣͥ۹ûеľ޴ơ
Ҷ۹ҪսǾսûѡءԪУ˭ܾܾҶ۹ܾһͥأ
˵㾰вԸ뿪ҹںҶ۹ǰҲֻΥĵľ
Ҷ۹սȥԣɼҶ۹оĵġ

㷨۹Ҫ辰ս󹫾ݣҲֻˡ۹Цһ
ⷬҪȡЦ˶óУԳζԺҶ۹ǵĵ۹Ҳòͷ­
κŤͷ˵
ˣҲʧȥ̸۵˼һĬЩĹˣЩ仯Ҳ̸ѹ

ʱսǸѡԼս֡
Ǿ׶εսҲǾһ֡׶εֶսǱսλȫ
㳡ϣʾ˾ֶսս񣬶սФսڵֶս֮УȻûսսԵսУҲֻҪսһФǵһս
ѺעڣѺע̿ٴοš
սФս̿ڣȻҲСһεͶעͲǰǼˡǰξս̿ڵѺעһߵΣѺעԻʤѺעҲǲ١
Ժͼ͛VȥѺעξֻԼͶһں׾ʯ
ΪǺܴԾҲû̫ȤѺעһˡ
ս񣡡
Ѻעһ۹ҪھǰǱˣǷ۹ι
ιɫЩأֹӡ
ι𣿡Կʵ
Է۹Եӡ󲻻Ȼǰ̭׶У۹ԼְһЩֶΣԶԴܹġ֮⣬۹뾰֮䲻κε϶ң۹ǵڶʾҪ۹󹫾ݵĵ۹
ȻûȷĴӦ۹Ļսλ󣬾Իܷ۹󹫾衣
ս㼴ҪҶ۹˰ɣϲˣιڣԾ˵
ţ΢΢һ㶡
Ҷ۹ʲôʱ飿ô֪
ιγԣüʵ
ιͻȻܹԼ˵ĻȻ̫
Ҷ۹սȥ㡣ιĿ⿴žԣҲȽϸӣȻϣսܹ뷨۹Ϊ۹󹫾Ҳã
սȷʵȥңϣܼҶ۹Ҳûи϶Ĵ𰸡ҡҡͷ˵
ʱˣսαػأκѾ˵Ҷ۹ˡιϸһĨЦսѺע˽㣬ǲúҶ۹ҪᡣȻҪҶ۹۹ǲҶ۹ġ
սҾءǱ£Ҳʾϲι˵
Եݣ
ιȷʵûоҪҶ۹
ԣ
ʵϣҲҶ۹֮ǰҲ˵Ҳ뿪ҹҾҹս񡣡ԱصĻ˵
ιüЩӦòǱϵҶ۹Ǳʲô˼κ̨ϼǺȷĶ˵ˣսΪҶ۹һԱ
ս󲻼Ҷ۹Ƕκǻûӣ
ιƬ̣ڵս츳˫ʵǿ󡣵ڻԪռ䣬Ҳɼʱ򰡣


3042 ͣһ
ιǻлˣ
ιжϳսȷʵûмҶ۹Ĵ㣬Ҷ۹Ķκȴ˵սҶ۹ֻ˵κþսҶ۹
Ҷ۹ѲɻǿҼ룿ԲÿɷЦһ
ιҡҡͷû˵
ΪѺע֮ĶԻҲˡ
Ҷ۹սԳ棬뾰սҶ۹
սƺȻǾܾ˼
սҪҹ
۹뾰սǣսͱ̬𣿺Ҷ۹ΪʲôҸоЩأƺս񣬲ܾܾҶ۹
Ҳ
ιĻⰡ
ߣߴ۹кҶ۹Ϊǿڴ˿ߴ۹֮ʵ൱ġҲˣ˲˽飬ȷͥĴڡ
Դżѹֵص˾ס֮
ԲȷҶ۹᲻Ϊ۹ȡʲôֶΡ
һҶ۹ҪȡֶΣֻȡʲôֶΣֱӶʹԼ
͛VһԣԴҲ޷ʲôﲻ˾ս

Ҷ۹Ա
κսԼһЩ۹ĺҶ۹Աһ֮С
ע˾ԡκƤӣͳ˵
ڷţѺע˵Ҷ۹κûʲô仯
ΪǸˣȷѡ񡣿Ҹ߹κ·˵һƽ顣
ս۹Աš
ϣ⾰ܹҶ۹κظһ۹˼
£ΪʲôӾԣȻǵ˫ɵۣ˵һ˫ɵҲ㲻ʲôɣսü˵
ս˫ɵۣұȾǿ󣬵۹죬Ҳûôġ
ˣҲԴ˺档
߸ϵۣͥҶ۹ĺҶ棬ôͻȻһ½ս˹ע
ԭϣû˵̫ϸֻ˵⾰սδдôκ۾뷽һЩ
̨ϣ˵ԻҶ۹룬ǾǴҵκ겻һ㡣
ֻжΪ˽ˣܲκдʱ̺ŭġ
£ǺҶ۹Ҫˣ۹ǲġǾǲԸҶ۹ı뷨ġǺǣһˣ޷ǺҶ۹ս˵
Ҳ̫á
ɣľУ˲֪𱰣ս֪ôɣκ˰֣ս
ţסս˵ͷ
һҵĵսĹϵƽȵġҶ۹ȴ񲢲һսڶκǰݡ
գսλ׶εֶսʽʼ
Ժͼ͛Vľͽ󶷳
ߴ۹ԱͶԱҲǰθĳ̨ϡսλѾβһֶսսλĻˣǷλĽ
̨ϵķΧǹ죬ջҪ졣
ߴ۹ĵû򵥵Ľ̸ûС˵Ŀ⣬ʱʱĿκ
ȻҶ֪ˣ쾰ս񹫿ʾԼҶ۹ǣҶ۹κҲһЩʱ˵ԻҶ۹Ƕκ˵ĻǻһͳԴȤһˡԶκûôˡ
мжսս񣬽Ĺ㳡ιλǰһսǵĹ㳡ϡ
Ҫжսսԣ½ߵ˹㳡֮ϡ
׶εֶսʽʼҺֵսǵ̨ι󶷳
һ£
ʱһͳ
ιʶתһǲİǺҶ۹κ
󶷳սߣҲ̧Ŀ̨λιһµĶκ
Ѿڹ㳡սǣ̧ͬĿȥԣҲȺ֮С
üκʱȻǼ򵥵Ѫ
κʲô֮𣿡κЦʵ
һ£Ҫȴһ¡սͣһ°ɣκ˵ʱ򣬴λվ
üû˵ͣĻȻĶһۡ
ʮĹҲĸеƺʲôºܿҪ﷢ˡ


3043 ͻɱ
κֱߵ̨ıԵ
Ŀ⣬Ź㳡Ĺս
ʱĴ󶷳÷ǳеĿ⣬վ̨ԵĶκ
У׷״κҪʲô
ս񣡡κĿ⣬˾սϣڣս֡
ںԵ֣ԾֵĴźءκϣֿȥºţֻºűȴһƺҪϢѹָо
κԹ֣ϷĶκ
УǱȽϳصģΪκ֣˵κõսͣԭйϵġ
սҺҶ۹սǰҹ㡣κ˵
ǵġԻӦ
ôӦףҶ۹ϣܼ롣սԳ㣬Ҷ۹ɼҺҶ۹ĳ⣡սֻҪҶ۹ɵõ󲻵ĺô۹еĶҶ۹С۹ûеĶҶ۹ȻСκȻҪԼҶ۹
ңκˡǣ׶εĵֶսʱ䶼ȣھҪ֪Եվ
ǿҪͣ˵ֶսĽУڴ󶷳Ŵҹս棬Ҫս̬Ҷ۹
̨ϵˣ϶¶ɫ
κΪ˿Щˡ
Ҷ۹Ҫս룬ǺҶ۹ȨҲ÷ʱڣս׶εֶսʼʱ䣬ʱһֲݾܾ̬вȵҪսҶ۹ƻ
κǷھ˵ڡ
սλϾǷ۹ٰġԳĬ۹ĵȴһ仰˵
һ¡ңܵˡͻҿͨ棬˼͡κתĿǶЦЦֵĮ
һؿڣɫֺ˼֡
κĻû취ȥҪλҶ۹û裡
սôңǷԸҶ۹κ˵Ǿ仰ֿ·վŵľս
һҪڴʱþԸһˡ
ǳһ£ҡͷ˵κܸмͺҶ۹ĿءǣʵڲܼҶ۹Ϊҹս񡣴£ǰҲѾ˵úˡ
κ¡Ը˶κ𰸣ܾҶ۹
κ֮ˣԱȵ̬ҪԸ𰸡ı⣬þս޷ܾΪôǰܾκǲκӡ
κЩû뵽ǣĲӣһĴ𰸡
սٸһᡣһΣϣ˵ͬĴ𰸡κһ
ˣ˵ҵѾ˵úκͺҶ۹㲻ҪСԼᶨҡͷ˵
ʵϣҲܲʹ졣
Ҷ۹ǿ󣬿ҲǿҪ˸ı־κյΪþеĲʹһЩҶ۹ͶκԷȴǱƵԼòô
ã㣬˵˰ɣκЦһֻЦú䡣
̨ϵĶκսһۡս񣬾ھ뾰սԶĵط
սӵ˶κʾ⣬ࡣ
ս񣬾ܾҶ۹һ޴ľ㣬Ϊ޴ľۡսԾ˵
ս񡭡ԿڣҪ˵һЩʲô
䣡սͻȻ֣һɫ̵˲Ϣ֡
뾰ԱͲԶֻһǵ˾Եߡɫ̵žԱһ˹ȥɫĵâΣ糱ˮһӿſ񱩵·Ҫ˺ѳƬ
㳡ϣкüս񡣾ԺսĸҲдսЩս񣬶ܵǣ뾰һû뵽սͻȻ֡ڣǶѰɵۣڸӦ̶ֶ
սĿǾԣԶܵսֻǸǣȫ֮£ǲᱻսˡ
ԣȴ
սʲôսһĴڣһ塢˫ɵۡײҲս֣˵սͻȻĽ뷢ѡǾԷӦٶٿ죬ҲȫֵսĹ
㡭һŭȴӿд
۱׽ɲǼֶתھܡڣ΢ͬʱ


3044 ֮λ޴
ÿһ΢磬ӿǿ
սĹѾ壬ԵɲĹ
Լûʱ׼ִټӦԵüΪǱ
ǣǣ
ھܵĽ⣬ϵɢսʵ̫ǿˣǾԣҲ޷̶ֳֵȵĹ
֮ģǴ΢ѺۣıԵһ̣Ե壬ת˼¡΢ٿص˼¡Ƶ΢磬ϵܹͬĳľ޴ѹ
ۣһѪҺӿɫɷס
ԵȻ˳ȥʱ󳷣Ծ˵΢ԣǱս͵Ϯˣս塢˫ɵۣս̫Ļܱܿɵ۽Եеʱ򣬹Ƶ쳣Ѹ٣Զǵɵܹ⡣
Զһ㣬Ҳֵ
ףԼԼ㵲ס˶ԷĵһιҲܻᱻԷɱ
¶ŭ֮ɫ
ս͵ϮԣҲû뵽
սλڼ䣬Ȼսڶսʱ֮͵ϮһսΥߴ۹ͬƶĹ£ս֮ĶսɱУֻҪһ䣬һҲֹͣ򣬾ٰλĵ۹Ҫǿֹ˵ڻսĶսʱ䣬սͻȻս
Ҳһʱ׼Ҫֹս񣬿Ǹ
žս񱻻ɳȥоԼˣ۹ˡ
΢򽭵ˣͬɫѿߴ۹ͬƶĹأںҶ۹ȴǴͷƻӦòƵĹȻսλǷ۹ٰ죬Ҳ۹ء
ˣ֪λĹأҲߴ۹ƶĹأǻԪռ߸Ϊǿĵ۹սλĹ򡣺Ҷ۹ƻ˹ˣֻǶԷ۹Ĺɣٸߵ۹ֵ۹ȵȡ
κǺ⣡̺ŷŭʵȵ
ɱκûʣǶ·ս
սڶκ֮ǰٶȵĳԣѾӦԲδղһɱԵϢȻڡҪǰԾٲһ
սҲ̫ˣǺǣʵȻ㣬Ӧòڲһ۹ս˵ͬʱǲٿԼĵ۱ս
սʵȷʵǱȲս񣬵ҪɱĻսɱսҲǶʱġ
սƻ˹Ǿˡֵ۹սһ˸ս
⼸۹սͬ£Ϊ֣صĵסսȥ·
һߣסΣŽ𶯵΢ƽ
սһԴ˲С
սʵ࣬ûô󡣵ս͵Ϯû׼
ҺãҺҵ΢ȣаҡ
Ԫռ䣬˫ɵۣ΢羭ӹ̣ǿ󡣵˰Ԫ֮󣬾ںڵҲﵽɵ۾磬һζ΢ƺȹ̡˵Ե΢֮ȹ̣Ѱɵ۵
û⼸εȹ̺ƣǷŵһǾҪսնɱˡ
ȻҲûǿܹӾĲٿ΢ϡ෽ؼþԿĵסս͵Ϯ
ս񱻶ɵʧȥٴιԵĻᡣǿҲͬʱԸսڶġս֡
ԣ벻Ȼܹסҵһ㣬ҲҪң˺Ҷ۹˶κ⣬ҪĴۡƵ۹սסڽԶĵطžԴ˵
˺Ҷ۹˶κǺǡɫҰףЦ
֮λ޴ǣԵͺ
Ŀеķŭ棬ܵȼա
ţһսСڣս˵ʲô˺Ҷ۹˺Ҷ۹
ս񡭡͛VٻӰ֪ʲôʱ򣬳嵽˹㳡ϡ
ʱ򣬼͛V˾ߣϣǵǡ͛Vڿս񹥻ԵʱԺ˲հףǱʶΪһеľͳ㳡
һֻ̣žսܹһ̣۾ֻԣһȫԵˡ
ս㡭оô͛VУ΢΢ַžԵı۰


3045 ˭Ҳֹ
ȡȡ
£û¡һŬ¶Ц⣬Լ͛V˵
ԭھܵսʱ˵˽ԶĵطǶ±꼰㡣
Ҷ۹սһսһǿߵķâǿԵֵġֻǹսʱɢҲ˼ǵ
ԣǲ뾰̫Լˡ
죬ⱰСˡõ۹ս񣬾͵ϮȱӵֶΡ㣬Ҳ±ԪռЦ𣿡͛VתĿսĳ
սĿһɱڵĶż͛V
۹ս͵սΪ⣬ǱϾ൱εĴڡǱһСĹڳȻǼ䶪顣
ɭȻĶԼ͛VЦЦȫȵ£ͳˣĪ뾰С᣿
ֺηҼ͛V޳Сˣ͛VҲֻھǰ¶СŮ˵̨ǰǺƵŮ
£Ȼصս򡣡ѹѹ͛Vļ򣬶˵
ս񣡡͛V̫Ը⡣
û£͵Ϯңûɱҡƾɱңɲôסҡͷο͛V˵
Щסսλٰڼ䣬ͻȻҳ֣ߴ۹ƶĹ򡣶ʱĹ㳡ϵĶսݣҲϹ򡣡˵
Ҳǵļ͛Vİȫ
ǡ͛VǵģȻ֪ھߣҲı䲻ʲô
Ծս񹥻Ļ۹ս죬͛Vͬܵס졣ʵͲֵܷսܵĹԸ뾰һ
ûµģһˡٴζԼ͛VЦЦ˵
òףԲŽ͛VȰ˵Ĺ㳡͛Vڹ㳡ıԵ
ս͵Ϯսȫһ֮£ս޷սȴûܳɹɱս񡣿ɼսʵȷʵǿޱȡ
ǰĲɱսܻܾսҲס
벻Ҷ۹˰ԵսֻǲӦҶ۹Ҷ۹ɱս񡣡
ǰһֱúҶ۹͵أ벻ǻ顣
ھͿ۹ôˡսΥ˹޷Ʊʵˣۿ˹̡

ս߶˽Ŵµĺչ
ڿ۹ȹңӲսˣֹսֹԡսƻܲȫܵͷɣ
ߣ֪۹ȹңδúҶ۹ս񡣶ԣкҶ۹Ķκս͵ϮսȻǶκ˼
κ⵽Ǻ⣿ɫʶκ
ѾǳԼеŭˣĲǶκκһ۹ĵ˵͡
κߴ۹ٰͬսλƶʱ򣬺Ҷ۹ҲֱӲ롣ڣҶ۹ȴͷƻøһ͡΢Ҳ˵
κսλҪҪٰȥǺҶ۹ѵ뱻ԪռеĹҳЦɣֵ۹򽭵Ƶ
λҲ׷׿ڡ۹ĵǶԶκ˲ʵǣҶ۹ΪҲڴ۹
ǺǡκȴǲΪȻЦһ
ȻҪصģȴǸҺҶ۹صġƺҶ۹ˣҶ۹ȻҪɱ֮κޱȰԵ˵
ԣȻҺҶ۹Һ͵۹ңܷŹκƸΥʲô
λҲһҡУòҪҺҶ۹ǿ϶ڡκ񣬴ɨв˵
㡭˶ŭŶκ
ˣҾֱ˵ɣԣɣκһֵǼҺҶ۹ɱҲˣ
˿㳡ϵľԡ
ˣ֪ʵǿս֣ȻҲֵܵáţս͵Ϯ¶ȫһ֮־֮ܽ£սȻܻίʵ˾Щ˼顣
սȴ˼֤֮ˡ
ս֮ǿҪǵԤǵȺ޷£ڻԪռ䣬û˸˵ԼԵסսһսϣκһս񣬶ұ֤ԼսǰĻԪϡ


3046 
սȻԸֱӼ뷨۹ܷ۹󹫾ĿԼ
ڣҶ۹ȴɱս񣬾ΪսԸ뷨۹
ޱȵŭǣܽŭ𱬷ΪԷǺҶ۹Ķκͥ۵״ӡ
򽭵ˣڶκǰҲСġΪһͥ۵ŭ𣬱һ۹Ҳѳܡ
κִҪɱսˣЩ֪롣ǣȻƶκκطһƴɱ۹ô죿κƴԼĵ۹µԨ֮С
սսҲŽǾԲشսġս񣬻ͲôĹǣֻҪκսҲںԼ˵սˡ
һ赲Ҷ۹սɱԣȻһѵˡ
ս񣬻ʲôҪ³𣿡κ·
ǣսӦ
սɫ̵Ϲâʢӿǰļս̿
ÿˣɱңսЦŶս˴ʢȵ
ĳ֣ں᲻˵սˡжκڱ֧֣Ҳں۹Ǽ۹޷вҶ۹ΪǼ۹֮ڣûͥ۵Ĵڡ
սȫ֣սȴηηβսҲȫ֣սǲٹԵģսȫ֡
ô£
ΪʲôҸо΢ǣЩ¶κ
ָоҲָоκ̫ǿˣȴˡѵǵĴ
սȻֹս񣬿ǵĹȻСĵı˵սֻǶ乥ɱ
ΪʲôҶ۹ѵ۹ǿöࣿ
̫սҪսɱˡ
ţսҲֻǰﾰսһЩʱ䡣սѾˣûսɱˣ
һߣ˲Ϣ
Ҫ֪󶷳ڣۼ˾ԪȵĹսлвĹսǵȻǵ֮
ڶ֪ϢĹս֪Ϊ۹ںҶ۹ǰҪһͷ
ĺٹһǵı飬ŵųеľԣ̾Ϣ
Ȱ˵ԣþѡҶ۹ԾԼ˵ҲкܴĺôǾԣȴûȰ˵ѡܾҶ۹ӶºҶ۹ŭҪɱս
ô죡ҡҲﲻ˾ս񡣡ٹֽԼȷʵﲻԡ
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¡ôֹˡԿɬЦЦż͛V
սҡ㡣͛VĿӯ⣬ȴ¶Ц˵
͛VЦݣ飬ֻĿŵĲײľۡ
ս񣬼忪ս˵ķ
ס֣
ʱһţ󶷳Ͽ֮УһӰ֡
ֻ˻䣬󶷳ϿյĲ󳼣ֿóһ·ˣ˳˴󶷳
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Ƿ棡
۹棡
ˣǷ棬۹ĽߣԪռΪϵɵ֮һ
ڴ󶷳ܶ˶ʶģ˵Ĵڡ
棡̨ϣȷ۹Աŷ湪
۹ͶڿҲǹ̬񡣳ˣǺҶ۹Ķκ
κȻҲԷ湰˹֣в̫ءҲ֪ʱȻɺϡԭֻһǾǷҪֹҶ۹նɱս
ܼʱĳ֣ҲΪĴѶ洫ѶʾԼôû뵽Ե
λˡ̨ϵ˹˹֣ǻ
ʲôˣôģɨȫüѯ
棬ġ齲һ飬ٺܿ죬Լ
ˣκҶ۹ƻλһ˵㲻λڼ䣬Ҷ۹Ҳҷ۹Ĺɱҷ۹˰ɣĿκ˵


3047 
ӵѶ̱㶯
Ҷ۹κִҪɱսǺѳɹֹġ˲Ҷ۹˺
˼ŸҲԭһ;սñҶ۹նɱ̫ϧˡһǷ۹⣬úҶ۹ɱսԺ󷨳۹ʲôڻԪռ㣿
ΣúҶ۹նɱս
ĻκЦһ
Ŀǿ˳µľһֻۣؿ档
棬⾰ǺҶ۹ˣҪҶ۹նɱ𣿡κֱʵǱƷ浱ڱ̬ˡ
˵ǺҶ۹ĵˣ滹ҪֹҶ۹նɱԣǾ͵ӺҶ۹նС˵һ㣬ǺҶ۹Ϊվ˺Ҷ۹Ķ棬˵۹վ˺Ҷ۹Ķ档
ȻɫȻһ䡣
κ˻˰ɣ˵
֣֣оԵ˶κҡҡͷЦ˵棬㣬ϣ㲻Ҫ֮Сȴ˼ˣԻҺҶ۹棬˼˵£Ҳ֪۹ԺҶ۹֧֡
ô˵κԷ棬ӡ
һ۹ôܼ򵥣
Ԫռ䣬һ߸Ԫ۹еĺҶ۹ͥۺҶ졣桢߾ĴڣҲԲС
κԴ˿ԲںԷ۹ķ棬̸ʲô乧мӣҲܲһЩ
˵۹ͥҲһЩϵġ棬ֱͥġ
ߴ۹֮УΨٸߵ۹һЩٸߵ۹߾棬ͥҲûʲôϵʵС޷۵ߣƢȽϹŹ֣ûͥн顣
ǺǣκвడȻЦ
յִʱ࣬ʱȴԶκЦ鿴ȥΪº͡
ȴ֪ŭˡεǻԪռ絮ĻԪϼɵۡκǰֻСѡκ̬ôԷ湧һЩǻڿǵĺҶ棬õľ
ڣǲˡ
һãԪռ߶˵˶κ㲻Щ˵Ŀʱ򣬷ԶκҲĳܡ
ˣôв㣡κϣ⡣
ܺãЦݸ
κҾװ׵˵ɣսֻҪڷ۹ڣҶ۹˺սĻ𣿡ĿⶢŶκ
κϵ΢ЦĽκȴû뵽̬Ȼ˵ǿӲ潫ֻ˵Ǿûʲô͵ˡս񹥻ԣȲ˵۹̬ȣ۹ضȫԸֹпܣԳֹ
ʵûɣǾǼȿֲĴڡ
ûǿʵܵһ۹ʵԼͥΪۣսκ֮ϡ
ʱ㳡ϵľԣһЩ
зı̬֪ս񡢶κɱԼͲһ׵ˡţҲһֱת΢ʱ׼ƴ
ȻѾˣսҲ¾׼սɱס޷ҲöԿ
ҲЩ⡣
飬Щ󰡣תܻԺҪ뷨۹ߵøһЩˡ
棬Ҫˣκۣͬվڶķ档
ţҪˡκƻҶ۹룬Ҷ٣Ҳƻ򡣡Ц˵
Ҫս񡣡
սӦǰȫˣз棬κҲ޿κΡ
սǼ֣ܻɣսȻսһսڻԪռպգϷ棬ҲҪһ
սҪǷ۹һˡ
󶷳ڶߣֵڴ󶷳˶ǵһһЩϢܶ˼Ԫռߴ۹ԺҶ۹Ϊǿ


3048 Ҷ
ڶκǰԸһְһͷĸоǷٴ˵أ϶κƺҲûʲôƵλ
ǲƲҶ۹ߴ۹еλ
κһ˫۾ŷ棬ڿǣǷҪ֡ԳɱԻˣҲܱҶ۹̬ȡ
棬Ҳڽ䱸Ҷ۹ĶκܱԼס
ӣιҺҶ۹
ʱһʴ
֮ǰ˶ûоȴǺȻ䴫ͺǸط˵Ѿںܾá
еߣ̧ĿȥȻ֮ϿտҲ
棬ɫ䡣
Ѱ˿֪ܲ˵˭ʲôݣȴİ˵ˣǺҶ汾ˡ
̨ϵ֪ܿ˵˵ݡˣɫȫৡһ°ˣ
Ҷ棬
Ҷ棬ʲôʱģ
Ƿ۹Ĺûܲһ˽Χ󷨣λǰͬһ㣡
ۣ
֮ϣһռȻŤţڴ󶷳Ĳ󷨣Ҳˮһ
ԼĪգ֮䣬󶷳ϿգһӰ¶ӰЩģ˿С
ҲϵӰͷһ
Ȼʱû˵ԷǺҶĻɷƶԷۣ뵽˺Ҷ۹棬һͥۡ
֪ۼ٣ʧԶӭ£湰֣΢˵
ӣ㣬ΪҺҶ۹£ҶǾ仰ǵĮȴ԰Ե
ҶۣҲΪϵɵ֮һ뷽桢߾˻ͬʱڵĴڡֻǣҶ۵ʵΪǿ齨ͥʱֻͥоλۡ
ۣǶκƻߣҷ۹ش㣬ҲɶκƻսλĹ򡣡͵
ʦ𣡡κϵӰ񣬶˵ԲʶôҵҺҶ۹ɱΪάҶ۹ʦϣ
ţҶ۶Զκ˵ͷ
ȻĿһ㳡ϵɫ԰׵ľԡ
ϢᣬҲоϿеӰλҶۼĿֲĴڣԲڵлܵġҶ۵ʵҪսǿöࡣ
ܸоҶĿ⿴ԼҶ۵ò
ԼоսҶȣྐྵһ㡣
Ҳ֪ۣͥ侳Ҳɵ۷롣ԪϼͬɵֻۡͥĴۣҪȻԪռ˵ĻԪϼɵ۸Ϊǿ󡣿ǾҲû뵽ۣͥʵǿ̶ȡ
Գ׹Ϊʲô˶κ˺ˣΪʲôǶκΪ۹ˡ
ۣսǲμսλս񡣶ʱսλδߴ۹ͬµĹκ˶ڶսʱֹս񡣡
οﻹҷ۹Ĺԣҷ۹άĿԡٴο˵
ǺҶ۴ӾջĿ⣬ֿ档
ӣԴµĴȷʵҲеҶǵ˵ͷ
л⡣æмӵл
սκ㣬֪ǻԪ˫ɵۡ㻹ᣬǱ޴ΪˣҺǿ㣬ϣܹҶ۹ԣҲĪĺôҶ۳Ծ˵
սٸһᣬҺҶ۹ͬ⣬ҿԲ׷ǰ֮󡣡Ҷۼ˵
Ǳ̬ԸҶ۹ȻԣüҶ۵˼Իĺô
㳡ϵľԣ۾Ųײ⡣
Ѿкܾúܾʱ䣬ûԼڱеָоˡ
ǵԪռ䣬ԼӼ浽Ԫռ䣬ԪҲܶεΣΣǣʱԪֻǷѡˣ滹бڣǾͲ
ڣȴǷ˰Ԫռ䡣Ǿȥˡ
ȻڵʵǷڰԪռ䣬ҲǴﵽ˶ĲΡҶǰԼԲԼѿء
ҪǿԼȻ䱬ǰδеĿ
ȭͷ̧Ŀʣۼ£ҹս񣬲ܼҶ۹


3049 ת
󶷳žһƬ΢綼֮Ϣˡ
޶۵˶սʱĴѾȵΣա
ҶҪսҶ۹սǼ룬һж˵ҶƺȷʵǼ俴þս۹۵˵ǷٸսһᣬʵϾ͵ǴԶԾս롣
սȴٴξܾˣ
Ҷۣһ뿪
棬̾һԣĿ⸴ӡǼ뾰սɱģҲԸ⾡ıסսǣû˿ģ÷۹һ
ս˾ǿݱ䵽һβͼҶ۹εתţ֪ԵȡЦһǣ
ҶһЦ
һҹս񣡼Ȼˣұȫ㡣Ҷ۵ʲôУȴ˶ȫļ£
ۣǻԪеڣαǿȾսҶ۹أſеĺҶ۵
棬һײЩҪ˵
˵ҶǿȾԼҶ۹һָˡ
Ҷ仰ڿеӰûʲôܵȴڵĿˮһ㼤
žž飡ƺܵ˼ĳһ졣
ɫٶȴ䣬ķ۹ĵ󶷳ҲΪı仯ɣҶۿȥ󶷳Ĵ󣬶Ϊ仰ҶȻǸΪŭˡ
ֽţĺҶۻᵱ쭣
ӣҿԸӣϾҲԪռˡҲҪ֪֮Ҷͳ˵
ԣʡңҪҶ˵
ʦͽɱκԺҶ˵
κžԣʦҶڴˣ˭Ҷ
£뿪ԶԼ͛V˵
Ҫһ͛Vǹҡҡͷᶨ
κս񣬾ҪԾԶ֡սˣԵ۹ĵҲ֪ʱҪҪսκԾ֡
ҶϵܣôôĻڶκսҪֶԾսлɱʱ֮ϣٶȳһ
ǺҶ۳ʱһǿκεӰƬ̣һӰŸֶںҶ۵ĲԶ
һɫ۵ߣƺҶΪҶϵܡ
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֣ɰҶ۳Ժ˵
ͥʮ֮һ
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ˣҲ¶֮ɫۣҲˡĴڣʱڷ۹Ȼɺϡ
ͥʮۣƽʱǼԼġ߽ɽȥѰͥҲҵ˵ͥˡ
죬ȴۣͥͬʱڷ۹Ĺ
սλҲд¶档д۳֣ǻԪռǣҲΪֻͥǴ˵ˡ˵ʱ¶棬ҲѰֵܹġ
һλ۽𣿡Ҳա
ʱľԣû̫ĲˡѾһٻҲܻȥˡ
ţȷʵЩɡűսλУһ˫ɵֽۣоԡ˵λսᡣǺǣûסЦ˵
Ҷһӷ͸о̫ԡ˵仰𰸾Ѿˡ
λǾս񣿡˵ǰǾ仰Ŀ·Ĺ㳡ʵ
ǾԣۡԶϿյķۣ
ҲоƺתλۣӦòɱԼġң۲κһ۹ĳԱӦҲǿԼĳһ۹
ȻΪᣬܺõġۿžԣ˵ͷֿһԵĺҶ۵ҶϵܣҲ˵˾սصعһ𣿡
ۣȻǹôʵġ۴ʱʱǳɺϣڶκսҪԾԶֵʱ֪ܲҶҪնɱս
ûȷʵ˵˴ӣԲר۹ҶЦͷֻеȴûɢȥ


3050 ŭ
ҶĿɭȻ
ΪʹӣԲӼҺҶ۹Ǻǣɴȴǲʶ̧١ҶһЦɱڵ˵
ȲʶôĶҪɱ֣֮ǰǾҪնɱҶۼ˵
ȴü
Ҷϵܣս׿ǻԪռ亱šϵ㣬ΪԸҶ۹Ҫɱţһӡ
֮ǰ֪ҶҪɱԡ˵ȻҲΪúҶվס
ۣ߸ϣ
ͥҪɱһˣʵͲҪʲôɡɱǱɱ˾ǣ˭ɣ
ҪһңʱҲһ仰飬вͥ۵ֻƬ
Ҷɱԣʲôɣ
ںҶδȷ̬Ҳˡ۲ʴ£Ͳ˵ʲôսԸҶ۹ҪɱĻ
ӶҲҡɱ񲻺ϺҶۿŷ˵
ҶϵܣѰߣɱҲɱˡλսȴһӡͥжòµĴ۳ˣҾã⾰սлͥġҶϵҪɱսǾЩסҡҡͷ˵
ҪңҶɫһ
ȻϵͻȻֿ϶ʲô£ֱ˳
ҶϵܺαôŭС°ˡִҪɱսҲֻһ㡣һȱסԣиʱһ£㽫ڳ嶯֮¾ɱһءЦЦ˵
Ҷ۴Ц
ãǳã벻ԣ÷۳Ҷŭʢ
ҺҶ棬ӡҶ۵
зҪɱԣǲܵˡз۵Ƿ滹и۹ĵˣͲηηβȫֹĻսͶκлٶԾֱӳ֡
²ΪҶǲǿӲףֻԼΪΡ
ۣ
һε֮ӺҶȻͷų
֮ΪԲ
Ҷ֪ԾԳ޷Ч˵Ǿ仰ͻȻĶԾչһ깥Ҷ۵ĻǷǳǿġѰɵ۵壬ҲǵסҶ۵깥ҶһͷɱѰɵ۵塣
ţԺܿ͸ӦԺҶ۵깥
ԱҲǻޣԻг̶ȣԶɵܹȡ
䣡֮ӿֵҶ۵깥
Ѱɵ۵סҶ۵ĻԾ˵ֵҶ۵Ļʲô¡ʱˣҶƾɱҲǲܵ顣
ԪǰԪռ䣬ܣɵ۲εǿв罵͡Ϊɵ۵嶼ǳǿ󣬺ҶεĴʩչҲֻɱͨɵ۶ѡ
ǰڶսУԶʹ깥ҲֻǶݵӰֶѡ
Ҷϵܣ㡭ü
źҶѾ˵һӣɱԡתۣҶ۾ͶԾսʩչ깥깥ױۺεھԵֵҶۻʱԸ֪֮ײ
Ҷ۾ģʱûɱԡۣмΪá
ԵֵҶۻûо̫ѹǾʱھߵļ͛Vȴһƺߡ
£Ŀһת͛V
ֻ͛Vԭѩ׵ϣһ˿ѪɫžԵĺ͛Vҡҡ׹ӡ
£㡭ôˣæס͛V
ת˲֮䣬Ծ͸о˼͛Vɢ塣
˻һ
ﻹף͛VҲҶ۹ˣҶۿҲ֪Ի޷նɱԣʩչĻһʼͲֻԾһˣžԵļ͛Vһ𹥻ˡ
ģ쵰Ŀѣеŭȼա
۾ſеĺҶۡ
Ҷֻǹ˵ķŭ˾ҵĲɺҶۣȴ͛Vһ𹥻ˡ
ȱɵֶΣþԺ޲Ҷƴ
ԡս񣡡͛Vһ˿ѣʶҲѾʼ𽥻ɢ
ҡҡ͛VܵͣþҲֻܷһ
ҡϲ㡭
仰˵󣬼͛VʶҲ˻С


3051 ֮
Խ͛Vڻ
͛VһϢɢھԵĸ֪
͛V壬Ҷ۵Ļݻٵ̫ءشü͛V
Ż֮ˣǾʧȥѪɫա
ԣֻеؿڵһŭ𣬼ҪըѿصĴϢţȫ΢΢ǲ֪ж£ûŭˡΪĲʵϵǿ󣬶Ժܶ飬Ҳ𽥵Į
ɴʱ˿̣ԵŭȴǼʧأ
Ժ̧ͷĿ⿴ʡźҶ۵Ӱ޲̽ϹնɱǾҲ֪Ŀǰʵû˱ȫʢսҲԶǺҶ۵Ķ֡
Ҫ̡̡ʱȥҶϹƴ޴
͛Vˣ
ô£ʲôˣҹļ͛VôͻȻ͵ȥˣ
̫Ծս״̬ƺŭ
ţս۾ˡֻǣ׷ʲô
ǻҶۣ˻Ƚϸߵߣµ˴𰸡
ǡôǼ͛Vɱأ
ҶûȷʵأΪǼ͛VǾս
սεʵǿĻҲɱսǿɵۡڼ͛VԭֻһλҶҲ͛V˹Ŀꡣ
ǲֲܳġһͬľ׼̶ȼߡԻһߣֱӹԷ壬ûϴĿܡǴȺ깥ǰ龰֮У깥Ȼǲܡ
Կ˵Ҷ۽͛VҲԼĹĿꡣ
ҶϵܣǺ⣿һ䡣
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ҶϵܣαɱһСĹأҡҡͷ
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˵͛VϡϣһƾͿһѡ
ҶҲ֪͛VҹĹҹս񡣾ԲԸ뿪ҹһļҹսҪնɱԣͬʱԼ͛VҲǿò˳ۡ
۵ĵնɱԣǳĲʹ졣ԣ˳ɱ˼͛VҲԵķйһЩǾԣ͛Vȥͺܣɱ˼͛VҲһѹɣ
֣һ£һ쿴ϣҷŹСӡ´ϣ㻹üҶ۶һ£ֿڶԷ˵
ɱ˾ˣ´ԣǻᶯնɱԡ
۵˵ͷҶףˡ
κҲغҶ۹ɣλμûʲôϵҶֶǶκ˵һ䡣
£Ҷ۵Ӱͽõˣȫʧ뿪˷۹
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׶εֶսûʽʼҶ۹˳ˡµĵսȻҲٲμӡսУҲжսսսʱ뿪սȻҲͲᷢˡ
뿪֮ǰκԷ۹˹˵ǰǾȸˡ
ۣǶԶκ˵ͷ
κս񣬻кҶ۹Ա˫۾ע֮£뿪˴󶷳
ָۣлĵˣҷ۹գҪˡ棬Կķۣм˵
ûôءҲҶҲԷ۹ʲôֵ顣۰˰˵
۵Ŀ⿴ԣҡͷ̾һ
ԣл۾֮۵л
Ƿ۵ԣտ˵ɡǷ棬ˣסҶۺͺҶ۹۲ȷʵǱɡ˵۶о֮һ㶼û
սҲлҡңֻ֮һ˰ˡҲȷʵ츳۶Ծ˵
ˣ֮У
⻰Щ񡣻˭ܹ붯۰æ
ǾԲ죬ˣҲһԾı顣
ˣҲˡۻ£Ӱͬɢڴ󶷳Ͽա
ৣڷ뿪һ̨ϣ˾ԵĽ
Ŀ⣬žԻеļ͛V


3052 
Щɫ
Ȼ˵ҶԻɱ͛V۶ûֹ±ϾǷڷ۹һڵ۹Ĺ֮ڡ
ô˵۹޹⣬ҲһΡ
Աż͛Vޱ顣ûַ۹˼ֻǴʱʵûӦ顣ۿż͛VԼǰԵʹ޷ݡ
ս﷢£ʵǷ۹Ը̾һǸ˵
˵ʱ۹淽ӣҲǵ˽ǰ
浹û˵ų̽һ¾Իеļ͛V
ɢҶ۵ֶΣ˲ݣ˵
˼͛V£ҧƵ
Ȼһ
սһ취ӻ͛Vɢӿ˵
ʲôһ
仰ʲô˼ӻ͛Vɢ
ս񣬼͛V屻ش޷ۡ˵͛VʱȻδȫҲа취ָʮʱ䣬͛Vȫɢ᳹ɡǣܹü͛VֹͣɢӻɢǾȡһЩʱ䣬δزҵ취͛VĿ˸ž
棬ʲô취룬ذΣæ
ৣҲûٶԣһ֣һűɫӳھԵ֮ڡ
սü͛V֮ڣ̲ݻԾԵ
ţӳһҪ͛VתƵеɫ֮ڡ
Կ˿棬ǲֹ͛Vˣɢ˵Ǳɵľءڷ˵а취ӻ͛VԵȻҪһԡ
͛VתƵɫ֮ڣһ
ս񣬴飬һҲȻĻԪ챦ܰǿȡԾԽ
˵ɣܺ󣬱֪ļֵ
ڣһռ䡣͛Vռ䣬ӦʱȶȻɢȡٵʱ䡣սҽ齻㡣潫еɫӣݸԡ
ɫӣĿҲֱ仯֪Ǻ
۹ĵսȵԱǵĿ⣬֮ϡȻΣǵżĹ󣬱¶Ƕļں
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Ժ˵ɣս񣬼͛Vҷ۹Ҷ۹۹ҲһΡ㣬˿ڰֵ
ʵϣó飬ҲǼΪۡ
飬ǻԪռΪı֮һ
Ԫռ䣬һʵɵۼߣʹôǿǿȡʵһֵּޱĶѰʱܹ򵽡
飬ֱӵĹϵ̷֮ҲֻһεЧ飬ȴܳʹáļֵ޷ȡԪռ䣬ҲҲ顣
棬ǽ鶼óսʹˡ
ӣսǷ۹ɾʹˡ
ţ۹û辰ս󹫾ˡ
ò˵Ҳǹϡ飬ǿ²ó
飬޼֮Ҵκβε߾áۣͥҲʹ顣
򽭵ˣ̸óսʹãЩ𾪡
սҪżҶۣΪͥʮ֮һʵ֮ǿɲ⡣ڵʵ޷ԿԶʱڣɲȥҺҶۻȥҶ۹ֶԾԵ
Ҳ飬ȻѾó˾ԣ㲻ٻûʧ
סģû㹻ʵ֮ǰҲ޴ԼԵͷ˵
Ǿͺã˭Ҳ޷뵽ڱսλڼ䣬ᷢ顣
ǺҶۣǸ߸ϵǰҲйӴ˵İԵˡҡҡͷԺҶ۵ΪȻȵĲ⡣
ֻǣһλۣҲĪκΡ
λɣ׶εսҪɲǡֶ


3053 Եı
Ȼ˺Ҷ۹Ҫնɱս񣬲λͥ۽飬սλδȫ׶εսҪС
սλܾܲô;ϣ
ãӦ˷档
󣬷桢˷̨棬ʱû뿪˼ӦǴȵսˡҲеĽٳʲô֮µԭ
Ҷ۹ǹԵ򽭵˵
ţκǰҲǸߵ̬ǰҸоûǿңһȴᵽˡͿ˵۹ͷ˵
ҲΪҶ۵ĴڣûкҶۣҲŲҧҧѽ
λԺҶ۹Լκﲻ
飬Ǽ۹档Ǹ˵뷨˵սǷᱻնɱʵҲ̫⡣ǣֳɱսǴǼ۹Ƥ
Ƿ۵Ǽ۹ûκΰ취ۣҲǼ۹һЩ档
׶εսС棬Һֵս̨ι˼ٴοڣ쳹󶷳
ΪսѾ뿪֮ǰȷҪսĶս϶ҲˡⳡսϣҪ۹ͬսսģսĿǰĵİսֵ۹ս
һսǾФսĶսΪԱ͵Ϯˣһս׼ˡʱǿФǶսûκε壬ֻԼյءФսսʮĴڣʵǿԾսˣΪ׽Ϊ۱ˣҲûоԵİܻܶԷ
ʱˣǾ͸лˡԣͷζսǡ
Һ÷۸Ȼս񡭡µ˵
ǰ飬˵ҲǸŲٹˣ϶ǲ뾰սġǲ뾰Խõ飬ԲսɱһоͶˡ
սܹٹ˶ʮָˡ
˵֮С֪ʲôһˡٹ˵
ļ󳼣ҡҡͷͥ۵ǸΣЩ޷еġ
£սıǲô򵥡ѹںٹ˵
ȷʵˡ֮ǰͶοǹ⣬սǰڻԪռʵˡڿǰʲôطδֱǰҹΪս񡣡ͷ
λ۳ˣܿǾսĳĿ
ٹصĵͷ
ںٹ˽̸ʱǼλ۵˼ҲûڽеľսСԺУҲڿƵ⣬ֻǶûг˵ѡ
ǰ˵ĻһֱԺУ֮ȥ
˵ˣ֮СôʲôУ
ս󣬵׻ʲôصıЩ͵Եıϣ˽ģҲǾսͻȻҹСսǰңһƬˣ۹ҲҲϢ
ڷ֮һӱþսݱ
ǣ˼
΢΢ЩġΪ۹Ի벻ĺôȱﶼ˳ȥսֻҪ֪İǣ϶뷨۹߽սʵʣĿˣ䱳ʲô˲õĴǶԷ۹ȻǸõġ
ιϺսǵ֡
ڡ
սھ׶εڶսڵսսФսڣǷҪսιŹ㳡ϵľԣʵ
ιҷս̧ͷ˵
ԶιĻشս궯ΪڵսУвھͶעġԷФսĶսͬʧܡھѺעߣղǵĶע
ȻҲ֪սФսսԭ򣬵ܶȻǷǳŭ
ھսͶעˣЩѺעĺ׾ʯʧˡ뾰޹ʣҪĵ⾰սսЩǿѡҲֻϱԹ䡣


3054 
ǰ漸սУû˿þսܻ֣ܶҲͼûѺսʤ
һսѺעѺսʤ˶ˣɾսֱӷˡ
ϵʱЩǲվھԵĽǶȿǡ
ҲֻϺ̼䣬Ҫվ뾰սɱǿ϶ûӡ
ãսսһսФսʤι˽
Фǿ˿ԣû˵ʲô˵ʵԲΪս͵ϮˣФҲ뾰ԲɱΪԼͬûκʤ㡣⣬ս͵ϮǿµҪɱˡƢֱֲҪǿġ
Ҳ뷨
ĹɫԷǳѿˣѵõĽնɱĻᡣսоԱɱҲ޷˵ʲôϧԷˡ
ԷԼФսʤҲΪ˲Ѻע֡ȻһսУûͶע֮ǰͶעѪ޹飬һԼս̿ڣĹȴûѺעˣĹȻǷǳıԤϣȻкܶ˻ڴȡЦԼ
ඥм䣬ɫˮһԲ

׶εֶսһҵʱȫ
ˣսλȷսԼŽ
̨ϣλֵ۹򽭵
ڵսУֵ۹İսսս񣬿սֱκǰ뿪ˡ⣬ͳһ⡣
ӦսܸսֱаսܣǾǲƽˡ
սܣǾͻҶ۹
򽭵ô˵򽭵ʵ
ҲЩͷۣսλ۹ٰ졣ȻŭҶ۹ĶκսΪˣŭҲá
սλǷ۹ٰ죬ô˵Ǻǡ򽭵ȻϣԼ۹İսϵһλ
򽭵Ǿֱӵɣ
ȷʵӦ㰲սսʤУضҶ۹Ҷ۹İԵǶᵽˡҪ˵ǣֵ۹Ըҷ۹ֵͬҶ۹ܲķŭǾаսʤսҲΪսһս񡣡
򽭵ֵ۹Ƿ۹ֵݿܴڵѹǷ۹Ͳ򽭵˵
򽭵ֳĬóҲܾᡣ
ϣǵǶս񣬿ҲҶ۹
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򽭵˼ǹǾٰ췽ɣ˵ǣֵ۹⡣
Ͼһ۹ĵ򽭵Ҳûȥǵ˵¡
л򽭵⣬ǾͻǱβɣλĽǷԭڵһսʽ͸սΪССɡ
򽭵ЦЦ㲻һսͷûˣõʽܱʲôòǿ
Ҳսûǰ뿪Լ۹İսսս϶ûлġʱʵǰҲûʲôսίʵ˿ᶼûС
Ǿôˣ򽭵һֵ
һϵСˡ
ܿ죬սϵΣڷ۹Ĺ£ȷҹ
սսʮλҲΨһһûлûԪϳƺŶǰʮս
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սǰеսܻõĽ쳣ġ
ΪڵʮľԣõһʵĽʵԻһĻᡣȻѰɵǻԪϼɵ
ھ˵һҲ㲻ڵĹֶΣҪԼǬһԼǬһǬǧػԪյ֮ԴڰԪռĻ֮ԴܾͱȽһˡԪϼɵ۵ҲþڶԵʱһЩѡ
ԿŸոյֵʵԺ̲סּ͛VЦò
һ֪ǴӼ͛VС
ȭͷСͨΪɫԵõһΪšһ͸ϻ֮ڡϻͬԿֹ̣ܹЧɢ


3055 Ĵ
λӦҲϣսλ㳹׽
ҵĳԱɢȥ
۹ҲҳԱʱУסҪϵĽɾסáסãܹͨġرҪһ˵ЩҵĹսȵȳԱᾡ뿪
һЩҵԱ뿪֮ǰӽ״һԴ
λҹͬһƬ½ķɺ׹ȹҳԱҲԵǴ㷵ԼĹˡ
ľ밲οԣȴ֪Ӻ˵
սʱҹľ֮ǰʾԡ
͛VϣҹҲ̫ʱ֣Ҫȥģҹս񡣵ȻʱûйսҹӦʲô⡣ҹڵĸ߲㣬϶ɼ͛Vεġңҹڡ
һᾡȥľףһ·˳硣Թ˹ֵ
лսǾˡľл׷սһͬ뿪
˴ʱ뿪ڵԽԽ١Щ۹ߣߵ졣
۹ĵҲһһߡ
۹ԱҲ뾰ĽӴǣȻҪȰ˵սΪǵ󹫾Ҳ֪Բ󣬵ĳԡ
ԣȫܾˡ
ڽҪæ֮ҵ˾ԡ
ս񣬺βҷ۹ʹһԾԵ
ãԴӦ
˷۹Ļʹ棬һ棬Ȼ뾰̸һ̸սλҲû뿪۹Ĺ
һƫ֮ڣֻз桢;ˡ
ս񣬼͛VϷ飬Ҵ۹ٴǸ۹Ӧñ͛Vġ̬ȳϿҡ
ԿЦЦֲǲˣԵʱ۹ô͛VûнƵ۹ϵ˼ʵϣαӦԼе˼͛VѡΪԼҶϹҲҪɱ͛V
۹Ը󹫾ݣҺܡԸɴ˵
΢΢һһԵķ棬Ҳͷ
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Ϊ۹󹫾ֻǺҶ۹Ϊҵԭ򣬶Է۹Ҳ϶˵

սˣҷ۹ȷʵҶ۹⡣Ҷ۹ûҷ۹ȥʲô۹辰ս󹫾Ҷ۹㲻ʹ죬ҲЦһڰ˵
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⣬ҲһԻش
ȻҪҪɱҶ۹ĹҪɱͥΪ͛V
ҪһУȾԾҪһ޴ϰǾʵڵʵ˵ɱͥˣǺҶ۹ĹҲɱȥһս񣬾ͲܹеģҶ۹ǿɵۣȻֻսһ
븴𣬵ʵȻΪﵽΣдȵ̫̫ˡ͵Ѿﵽɵ۲Ρʵƺֻ
ԪƬռߵ򣬵ǿԿʵҲԵĿٶѡҪԽս񣬿ܶҪܳʱ䣬ӵǺҶ۶սʵͲ֪Ҫʱˡ
һʱ䣬Ժת˼֪ôӦ档
սǧҪ嶯֮¾ȥ˺Ҷ۹Ӿɫ仯пսǼҪģ˵
ģûһİ֮ǰҲȥװǺǣǲܿסŭڴ󶷳ҾҶϹƴˡҡҡͷ˵
˵ĺҶϹָ֪˭˶¶Ц
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սΪҷ۹󹫾֮󣬵۹һЩҪԴ㣬ٺ»У㻹ʹõ۹ؾֻΪؾֻһʱϣܻϸơ˵
л棬лԸм˵
۹ؾǷͬѰڵ۹ؾԼߵٶȣӦǿԼӿ첻١ԴϣٶȿԸ졣
Դ򲻵ëһԴгĺ׾ʯڷ۹ǿĹڼپ١
ھܹĲȷſԿԼʵķͨߵ
ߵ򣬲ϵʵơȹ΢Ҳһ˳ԾЧ
ǰԽǲһԪƬڵĵ򣬾΢˱仯


3056 κ
˸ڻʹ֮ڰסķᣬ󹫾ʽ󣬾Ծ͵óʹȥסˡ
ʹ֮ڣǲʺϾ˳ھס
գʽҲڻʹ
۹Ҫʹ󳼣ֻҪܹģԵ۹ս񣬻ιһˣȫʽֳ
ҹս񣬼ΪǷ۹󹫾
ǾǾս񡣡
ҹһСĹȣǰҶû˵ҡ
սǿսλнЩǿսԪϼ¬սھսС
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ʽģвٷ۹ͨǵһμս
ˣǶϣԼĹܹԶǿЩ֪ԵʵҲڼ۹ܹ£һλǿߡ
ʽĹ̲ӣԴԼҲһʱʱˡ
ˣʽΪ۹󹫾Ժ󣬷۹ѣҲκ۹ġԣܹӷ۹õٺ»͡
Ͼڣ۹λ󹫾֮⣬λǻԪϼɵۣʱδõԪϵĳƺš
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۹󹫾ǸԾҲȫ
սһЩʱ䣬滹е۹ҪԱһ¡ΪսոճΪ۹󹫾Ե۹ؾ޳ĸսʹһʱ䡣Ľǣս޳ʹõ۹ؾһǧʱ䡣ϯУԾ˵
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ɮ٣ؾʹûᣬԵޱ
Ƿз۹ս񣬶һֱռ۹ؾ۹ĸ߲Աһ㶼ʹؾģʹõʱ䣬ҪλͶԹҹˡ
󹫾뷨۹ĹϵͬˣɾԱϾûԱ۹һԱԣ󹫾һҲֻиʱһ޳ʹؾĻᡣˣ󹫾Ҳˡ
ԺĻԵ󹫾ʹؾҪǰ۹֮⣬ҪһЩĶ˵ǶԵ۹Ĺ׶ȡ
һǧ޳ʹʱ䣬ȷʵˡ
ллλԸмĵл
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ᣬˡҡͷ˵
ΪԻδʹù۹ؾȻ˵۹ؾЧǷΣҪ֪
ԣԴʱ֪һǧʱ䣬ԼܽؾԴʵ١
սѾΪ׼һլӣھʹԶĵطסңʱԽʹ
ʲôʱҪҹˣֱ˵һɡֵ
ã鷳ˡԵͷ
սʲôʱʹõ۹ؾأ濴ʵ
ԽԽá˵
뷽һۡ
սżʹؾĻ롭Լʮ֮Ϳˡ
仰΢΢һҲ֪ҪʹؾʱҪʹþʹõġͨҪŶʹؾУⶼǰźõġ
˵ʮʹãǸṩ˷㣬ܿþԲˡ
ãԺ׼һ£ʮһ۹ؾԵͷ˵
ûȥװģĶ˵ʲôǲǲĻڵľԣҪԼʵҪץʱ䣡
͛VڣδҲ֪Լܹҵ취͛Vָ
Լ͛V״ѰķǲܽġȼԴҲ޷͛V۱塣
ϯԸˣ뿪˻ʹιȥΪ׼լԺ
սլӾǷ۹ĸۡˡιһլԺ֮ǰָլԺԾЦ˵
լԺȥǺܴ󣬵ȴΪɡϣдšɫĴ֡


3057 Ծ
լԺ뷨۹ʹȷʵԶ
£ضιһլԺǲסк׾ʯ򲻵ģҪڷ۹żߵĵλ
ԵլԺֱ͸ģûþóһö׾ʯ
ιˡԶι˹֡
С¶ѣսҿšû飬Ҿˡս㻹ʲôҪֱϵҡιڰЦ˵
ιæߣȥɣԵ
շҾͲ߶ˡսһιܾ˾Ե롣
ιҲ֪Ϊ͛V飬п϶ѹ
ιߺ󣬾Ա㲽Լڷ۹ۡ
ү
Ըս븮ۡţò׵Ůǰʺ
Ůʹӵȵȶ԰źˡЩŮʹȻϸĵ̣Ҳʶԡ
үҽб䣬ĹܼҡһòɫŮӵǰһԾԱԼֺݡ
䣬ԺۡĹܼˡ
šԶ˵˵ͷ
үҴȥסϴЦݣ͵˵
ã鷳ˡ˵
үǿЩģźүү飬ǵ顣үҪʲôǾṩʲôῴžԵ
ɹܼұ·ܿ쾰ԾԼľס֮
䣬æȥɣµĻһ㡣ڣһ˴šԶԹܼұ
ǣӦһһ˫Ŀ˾һۣҲ֪һЩʲô΢΢һ죬ſת뿪
䣬һ𾳽ĵߡھԵϢ֪ҲԶһЩ֪ԼҪźλӣһǿĵ˫ɵۡ۹ҲŷǳߵݵλңԼλӶʮֿ
Խ뷿䣬Ϸš
ʮܾ֮ͻ뷨۹ؾнϳʱıչءʮʱ䣬΢׼һ°ɣ

Ҷ۹ʹ
ҶԵմӷ۹뿪󣬱ֱӵ˺Ҷ۹Ļʹ
һգҶ۹ĶκսҲӷ۹ص˺Ҷ۹Ĺ
ڣֻкҶλͥۺͺҶ۹Ķκ
ʦ𣡡κݼҶۡ
ţҶ۰˰֣˵ǸԣҪӹע
ǣӻˣжԴ˼ӡκͷһ£üʦԣôҪ𣿡
˵ʲôҶ۾һе
ʦȷʵ츳ߣ塢˫ɵۡԸҶ۹ȻǺܺõģǶϣܼǺҶ۹Ը룬ƺҲȥɱɣһǺҶ۹ܻһЩã۹ĹϵҲܵӰ졣
ҪɱԵģʵǶκ
ôκλӡУôԵһˡΪսԸҶ۹ҪɱսⲻǶκ·
ҪȻڶκҪɱսʱҲԵôԾ
·ҲȷʵǻӰҶ۹ڻԪռڣѾв˰ۺҶ۹ΪˡԺҶ۹ǴζġҶ۹ռ
㲻ҶȴҡҡͷҲûΪκⷬ
ԣѰֻ塢˫ɵۣȻܲҲġսǵ˫ɵۣΣ
κ⾰ǣ飬ĿǰġǰҲֻԼԤУڷ۳ҾͲȷˡҶҡҡͷֵͷ˵
ʦ𣬷ʲôʦҪɱһСѣ۾ȻԤۣǰҺҶ۹͹ʦҲȫκԹ˵
Ǻǣ۳棬ԭֻǣ֮ǰҲû뵽ôһֱӾնɱСӣ÷֡ҶЦһ˵
֮ԴΪãǾҪٵκסˣѾΪãһлᣬҪնɱԾ󻼣ҶּԶκԸ
ǣʦģκͷ
Ԫռ䣬ҪôƽˡɽѳһЩ󣬺ܿܡҶõͳ
ʦѵǡԪͨҪ𣿡κһ
Ǵ۵ĵӣ֪飬ҪһЩ


3058 ؾ
ҶһվǰĶκ
δ̻شκ⣬Ŀ⿴ǰ˻֮С
ʦҶ飬κסҴš
˺һᣬҶ۲ŵĳ˵һλԪͨǼԶˡңǴͨӡЩģˡ
κţֻȴǼĻȣ͸ſ
ĵĵȴɣǡĿĻᡣֻҪڻֵʱ򣬽ץסǡҶֿκ
ǣʦ𣡵ӣףκƲסеļ֮顣
κҲһӵлԪϳƺŵǿɵۡ۹Ҷ۹ս񣬻Ҫ΢һ֡սԪһս񣬿ɲǳصġ
ңκҲǼ£Ҫʵо޴ĽûʲôϣġʹøԴʵϵĽҲޡ
ǣκʵŸҰġΪҶ۵ĴڣҲܹøϢԪͨһ֪´ڡκ֪ԪͨĿһĻᣬһͥĻᡣ
ץסԼʹãκҲǺҶûжϸ˵Ԫͨ顣ֻ֪ԪͨͨԪռһͨ
ˣɣңˡҶ۵
ʦ𣡡κæٴ̧ͷʱ򣬺Ҷʧǰ

۹Ĺ
ʱսλѹʮ첻µʱ䡣
ս񣡡ιԡ
ιιк
ս񣬱ȥһˡ£ڻʹšιЦŶԾԵ⣬뾰Թȥġ
ã͹ȥͷ˵
ʱ䣬Ӧǿʹ÷۹ؾˡ
ιžʹ֮⣬վڻʹĹ㳡ϡԹ¶Цݣǰӭ˼
Զ΢Ĺ
ս񡣡Цһս׼׵ұǰҷ۹ؾڡ
׼ȫԵͷ˵
ʮҵʱ䣬׼˳ĸԴֻҪԼܹʹõԴԶڹѺ׾ʯ˲١սλٰڼ䣬ͨѺע׬ȡ˴ʮں׾ʯЩ׾ʯѰԴԽǿڷ۹
ãǳɣ˵
鷳ˡæĵл
ԾԵ˵ͷ߶ֱڿռһһƬռʱ˺
ǰ˽ͨ˺Ŀռݡ
һ̣ԾͷԼĻԪ֮УʱǴһƬŵĻԪڷ۹ˡ
ս񣬽ңٴλ֮УԾ˵һ䡣
ٴδ߶˺ѿռ䡣˷߰˴֮ࡣ
ؾصûǹСġ·ȷʵ̫ҵ԰ľתš
ս񣬵ˡҷ۹ؾΪؾ̫ҪСĵأ˾ŲռؾԾЦЦ˵
ؾȻǴûĻԪȴΪ⡣ȵԪռ䣬ʱֵؾҲ߸ѡߴ۹ռһԾԽܡ
ԣҲŴʱԼĿռ价ǰԶһԪż߶ĵط
սھʹؾɽСʹؾ֮УҪôֱϵ޷ʹѰѶġ˵ʱһöɫƵݸ˾ԣּ˵ֻҪƣҾܸӦһؾؾڳ
õģҼˣԽӹɫƵͷ
սǰѾ˵࣬ʹһǧؾʹһǧؾʱҲؾԴˣ뾰ս⡣ֽʱ˵һ飬Ҳǵʱ䵽֮뾰ԴؾԵĲ
һعġЦЦ
ؾ֮ǰ߶תؾڴ򿪡ԾһĶ
Ƕ˹֣ٷ뵽ؾ֮СһؾؾڱѸٵĹرա


3059 ٲ
ؾ֮ڣӯƢ
ԣһҲ
ôһԿؾڵľ
ؾһɿһӨ͸ĺںģһСʵϣ˵С˵һ͹ʯ
ۣɹۿؾڵҪų
ಣ
һС֮ϣһ۱㿴СԴĺۼ
ʼɣ
һǧʱ䲢Ҫץһ˿һʱ䡣ת
ϥ
ţһ£о΢΢һ
ΪС󣬶ʱһּĸо·Լ˵񣬶鶯ӯһǰδеĴھԺɡ
ǡ̲ס˿µʯС
ԭˣȻȻǷԭؾмֵĲγɵĺò˵ʯСԾϲ˵
ʯСָоȷеݡͺ񣬾ͺԪռ䶼Լĸ֪֮¡ЩףΪʲô˵ؾŵĻԪУȴױȵˡ
̲סųҪ֪µʯСΪдЧܿͷˡĪϵԿӡ֪յߵ̫١㹻ߵ򣬻֪ϵ
ȡһԪƬ
͸ԪƬ֮ڣʼƬռߵ
һ򣬾ٴ¶ϲı顣ΪһεĲ򣬾ǳʡģҪٵöࡣ
棬ԲԪƬռߵǺɫߵǷǳġڵﵽɵۼ󣬲ߵȻɡҪķѺܴľҵһ㡣
ؾո˲Ϣҵ˲㡣ңϵģ磬ֱ˵ǺԲˡ
Ծϲ֮УԺ
չɫ
ȻԶͨȣƬռĵǻԪߵܹһ߶Զо޴Ľ
Ҫ֪ɵۼĵߣûһߵʵϣѰɵۣƽʱߵĻᶼûС
ǻ޵ļֵΪμ󣬿޼֮Ϊͨޣ߿ԳԲڲдߵ򡣶һɵۣлԣڰԪռ䣬ҲֻЩԪϼĴڣߵĻŻȽ϶ࡣ
ȻˣͨĵɵۣвĻᣬߵҲ쳣ѵġԾ츳ոսӴƬռɫߵʱ򣬶ޱȵĳ
ӵлԪƬľԣˣȷʵһľ޴ơԪƬڵߵ򣬲ΪࡣԪռɵǣԪϼɵۣҲûоԵơ
ԪռӦôδҲûлԪżȻҲûлԪƬԪռУΪԪδ𣬱кܶ캫˻ԪĵԻƬ
ԪƬļֵڰԪռ䣬ǿԳ֮Ϊ޼֮ġԵĻԪƬ¶ȥǿ»Ԫռ𶯡ЩԪϼǿߣۣͥ¶Ҫ̲סˡԣûѹһеʵ֮ǰԲܽԪƬ¶ǰ
۹ؾڵľԣȫעĳڲߵ֮С
ʱۣ
תۣµʱȻȥˡµʱԽһźëָĵ磬Ȼǲܵ顣磬һʱҪһźëþԳĲߵ
ΪҪĲǺëĶ٣ǲߵĽȡ
ºһ죬һ˫Ŀ쳣
ɹһߺڵ򣡡˵
̫˼ˣ
ֽȣһǧʱ䣬ҵòߵ򣿡
Ҷ۹ʵ࣬ҲǷǳ潻֣첻ֱѹҡҲǼһʱҵǬǧػҲв
ҲһЩߵ򣬾ϧûĽ֣޷ȷսֻܴϵĴԹˡ۾
ԴԵ㣬Լܹճʮߺڵ򣬾һսʮϵߵ򣬾ͲԻս
ǡճʮߵôѹҲδزԣҲǡˡ


3060 ׾Թ϶
ȻǺҶ۹ս첢ǾҪնɱĿꡣ
ɱģǺҶ۹ҶۡȻսλڼ͵Ϯ˾ԣɾкŨǺҶۡ
ȻԺҶ۵ʵжǿԲʶ죬ԺôܴԹʵɶԺҶۣԾԵĹ㶼޷ˡ
ͥ۵ʵжǿԲö֪֮ضҪǿܶ࣬ҲǱȷɵǿܶࡣ򣬷ںҶǰô
ģǼߵ򡣡
۹ؾһǧʱ䣬ҪܵĲߵ򡣴ҴؾȥԲܻɱҶۣҲɶԷ󡣡
˿ٶȽƬռ䣬Ƭɫߵ
ڽؾ֮ǰֻһߺڵ򣬶ΪߺڵڰԪռҲﵽɵۼʩչǬǧػɱС
ؾԼĪĸҵʱ䣬˵ڶߺڵ
ˣʱȥ˵ߺڵ
߼ĵûȷ𣬵䱾ҲǲͬġڰԪԪ֮޾ĵ֮ҲԴߵ
ʱ׾Թ϶Ȼзٵš
תۣڷ۹ؾʱ䡣
ʱ䣬Ԫռ˵ָһ˲ʱȥԪռ䣬ûзʲô仯
ϽսλҲȥʱڻԪռ䣬Ȼߣ̸Źھս顣
սμսλ֮ǰûʲô֪λҹľսȻսսλдʣǿ֤ԼǿޱȵʵҶ۹Ҫɱս飬սܻܿФսսǰʮ
ȥߣԾս¼Խֵ
ˣҲ̽ԵȥһЩϢ֪ͨս˷۹󹫾ǽ˷۹ؾչء
Ȼ̸۵˺ܶ࣬඼⡣ľս˲࣬Ϊսûʲôϵһǣϡ

ৣ
һգ潵ٷ۹ʹ
浽̾͸֪һӭ˳뵽֮ڡ
棬ôпЦЦʵ
Ƿ۹ĵ棬һҪ飬ʲôˡ
ϴ뿪ڣҲŹȥʱ䣬ٴν١
ûʲô飬˵һ䡣
һתĿս񣬻ؾڣ
ǵģսһֱû֪ͷ˵
ڽؾʱһöֻ֪ҪκεطԸӦ
ţɵۼ˵һαչؼʮ궼ϡ档ͷ˵
ɵۼߣһαչʱ䣬Ҳδȡʲôսǵ۹ؾʣʱӦҲвСĽ΢Ц˵
ֻǲ֪ж󣡾ս񣬶ؾʹʱֻһǧʱ䡣һǧ꣬ת˲˫ؾҵĸʵҲʵҡҡͷ̾һ˵
棬Ҳûа취顣ؾǵ۹ֻһǣˣҲùƽû취顣ң⼸λ󹫾ҲѾһЩˣ˾øսʹһǧؾˡЦ˵
۹Ͼλ󹫾۹Ҳÿλ󹫾뷨У۹ж󹫾ĹȵȳԱԵ۹д͵ĸ߲ԱҲЩ˷ؾʹá
ԣһǧ޳ʹãҲһˡǾܶԵ۹޴ĹףĻǿٴþսʹõ۹ؾ
棬ϴ˵Ҫ̽ս񱳺λڣڿʲô𣿡תʵ
ǰͷ̸۹Ƿ˵֮򷨳۹Ĺס˾ս񣬵û˵ʲô˵и
ͷ涼ΪԱһλ浱ʱʹҪͨһЩ̽һصϢ
λڣءҡͷֵҲһ²⡣


3061 һ
棬΢΢
²⾰ս񱳺Ĵһλ̾ʵ
һλҲֻ֪²⣬۳汣սģ֮ܿصĴڡΪս֮صˡԽԽ
֮أ΢΢һ
ţҲֻҵĲ²⣬Ǵġֻǣʵ벻˭۱ս񣬶һöۣ۲ϧҶ۽񡣡
ң֮У֮һЩϵġ
˵ûֿڿӦ󡣾սȷʵ֮سġҪȻΪʲôǰսֶûϸĲ̽Ҳֻ֪սͻȻҹΪҵս񡣡ЩȻ˵
֮أһصĽڣλڽɽ֮ӡԪռѰߣؽڶ޷ӽģΪûִǸط
뷽棬˶Ծ̸˲̵ʱ䡣
˻ɾ֮سߡ

ڷ۹ؾʱ䡣

һգ˫Ŀ³һ
ڣǽʮߵɹˡ˵
ʱ䣬÷۹ؾʮߺڵǰյһʮһߵˡ
ʮһߵҵ΢ǿȹ̡Щߵ뵽Ǭһ֮У֪˶١ս֣ӦǿԽܣܽնɱǣûоԵİաԷԼսҶ۹սս
ߵĲʵҲԽԽյġžԲߵԽԽ࣬ߵѶҲӡ
ʼʱ򣬽µʱ侰Ծܲһߵ򣬶ڣҪʮʱһߵ
Ҳû취顣
ܱʱһߵôһǧʱ䣬Ենߵ
ǧߵ
ˣǾԴؾȥԪҲ޵ˡ
ȻˣߵôףЩԪϼɵۣҲںھʹ粽ˡҶ۹κǸĻԪɵۣѾǺнϴĽ
յߵԽ࣬²ߵԽǼѡ
ΪЩߵ໥֮ӰġһƲã߻ħֱӵ䶼ǲܡ
ҲѾؾʱ䡣
ţ꣬ͱҪ뿪طˡԿ˿ܵĺֿ˿µʯС
ʣµ꣬Ҳ˿ķɡܶһߵҵʵǿһЩ
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Űʱ䣬Բʮߵǰյһһʮһߵ
ڵҪնɱսɵۣˣԺȷһ㡣
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ߵ򡭡Ҳ̫ĽˡڣһߵҲҪʮʱࡣһʱ䣬ߵ򡣡Գţҡҡͷ
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ˣսλ֮ҵõһĻᣬǻԪϼɵʱһ뵽ͨλõ
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ʱ򣬾ԼҲ֪ôģǶ԰ɫĵĦһ¡
ף漴ͷ֣ⰵԪռ䣬ԼҲܲɫߵġ
ڰԪռ䣬ڰ׵򣬵ǻԪƬռڣȴкڰߵ
ոİɫߵǶڰԪʵ᲻Եأڴתͷ
ԿȻԪռ䲻ֱӷӳ׵ܣҵ΢ȴܰ׵Ӱ졣ҵ΢ڰԪռɵۣΪ˰׵ƺȹ𣿻ǬһǿԪ׵ϵģԷǳȷһ㣬ǾԪУ΢粻ǿᡣ
ڰֵ򣬲þ˶ص΢硣


3062 ַ
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Ȼ˰Ԫ֮󣬾ԱúڵʩչǬһǬһȻ׵ȫָ
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Ҫ֪֮ǰʱ䣬Ųʮɫߵ򡣶ʱ䣬ǲʮɫߵ
ΪҸʺհɫߵҲпܣǵҶԺɫߵմﵽ˱ȽϸߵĲΣҲɫߵøˣҲȷΪʲôԼԸհɫߵ
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Զ˹֡
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οٻȡԵ۹Ĺ׶أ˳ʵ
⡭ȡ׶ȵķкܶࡣٻȡ׶ȣԴ۹ȡҷ۹Ĺ׶ȣǲѰԴȡģǴﵽԪ챦һĶܻȡҹ׶ȡֵԽߣɶһĹ׶ҲԽߡ˵
޵ʬأԿ
޵ʬ壿ȻԶһ׶ȣսл޵ʬ𣿻ޣɲɱԪϼɵȥ֮ӣһҲѶԻɱɹ۾
ŶûСҡҡͷ˵
һ̣뵽˻ԪƬȻ޵ʬ嶼ܶһ׶ȣǻԪƬҲܶһ׶ȣֻһøࡣȻڿ϶ǲóԪƬģڵʵǻԪƬϢǻѡ
Ҳû룬ֻΪսǿҪȥ֮ɱޡ
ս񣬳Դһ׶⣬һҲǲμӹսˡּ˵ҷ۹صĴսѾܾûзˡѰһЩС˰ˣǵˣܵõĹ׶ޡ
ˣһܵõĹҹ׶ȡֻǡʱˡһֿЦҡҡͷ˵
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ˣսҪ룬ҲˡͥϢַٹͻῪ˵һѾ
ܷϸ˵һ˵ַҪЩе˼ҪַӦҪʲô̵


3063 籮
ĿǰԺַûʲô˽⣬ڲ׷ŹܹԼʵĻᡣ
˼ַܽӦûкܴջ˵ˣַдԪ챦ܻһЩԪ챦ԼҪģҲܽһɷ۹Ĺ׶ȡ
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˻ᣬԸ׷Ź
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лæЦŵл
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սַڣҲڽɽ֮ڡλãֻλãȽһЩȽϴ˵ֱͥļ֮¡
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ͥһֱַַʱ򣬻һЩԵһ˵ںַǧ֮ǰԱȷĲ̽ʱͥԻԪϼɵ۴ѶϢǣǧַʽ
ս񣬾ŰǰԪϼɵۣõͥϢҲ˵ʱڵ۹ؾû̵֪Ϣ
ս񣬾ַֻʣ´Լʱˡһʱ䣬ǲܵõַġ
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ãҲҪԿ˵ȡַĻᡣ
Уͷ
ս񣬵ԪϼɵۣӵͥϢ֮Ҫַģ̶ɽִǺַںַһս籮ս籮ڣһռ䣬ռڣдޡ
ҪַĻᣬ͵ȴӶս籮ռ䣬ͨɱޣȡ»֡ںַʱ򣬺»λǰʮɵۣԽַ˵Щʱһֱžԡ
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ս񣬺ܶԪϼɵۣѾǽ籮ռɱŰޣѾ˴ĺ»֡սȥҲаʱ䡣⣬̫ˣԸûлᡣҡҡͷ˵
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ת˲䣬Ծ֪˺ַλáҹʱɽһΣڸĺַλϢԿжϣַڣȷʵڽɽѰɵۣҲܵǸط
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սҪСġʲôͻ֮£ҴѶҲվԾԵ


3064 
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Ҳô뾰ս˵ģЦ
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˵ȻˣǾɾսȥɣ˵Ƿ۹ԾսҲûʲôԼֻǵ۹󹫾
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ǰǾŰǰ籮磬Ҳδܽ»ְǰʮ˵ڲŽˡ

㳡ϵڶɵۣš
˵սҪ籮ɱ޻ȡ»֣˾òǣΪûʱˡ
սˣһս뾰Դк
Ҫ籮硣ԻӦԷ
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սŰʱûȡκκ»֡ڽȥˡս˵ίʵܻ㹻ĺ»֡
ţҲһҪ㹻»֡籮磬޲ɱĥԼЦЦ˵
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˵ʲôȥ޲ɱĥԼǵɵӰ˴Ц˵
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ɵǣ̸Ц
ۼɵۣǱȽǿҵԱиղ뾰Դкս񣬻һЩɵۼߡ
ݲһ㣬Ҳֱַ֪ӱͥšʵϣַ֪ȴȷͥĴڡ


3065 Ѱ
ڰԪռ䣬ͥһĴڡ߸ϣ˵ǸŻԪѰУͥûʲôڸСЩĹս񣬴󲿷ҲδͥйֱӵĽ
ȷͥڵģһսλǰҲǵ۹ٲĸ߲
Ȼˣڱ취۹ٰսλУλ۵Ҳͥ֯ʼǰһЩСĹսҲ֪ͥǴ˵вŴڣʵȷʵһͥĵط

ԽӴ޴ɫʯ󣬶ʱеһ֡Ϊ׼ԾҲûп
ת˲֮󣬾ԱһȫµĻ
⣬ǽ籮˰ɣתܵĻ
籮ڣ׺ޱȵޣ˵صĻԪߡ뱣ֽСģһ⣬ܾܿҪ
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籮磬Ե߲ѺáȻͬûʲôˡǽ籮磬ĿľҪɱ޻ۺ»֣ɲһеޣӵзǳǿǺͷ߽޲ɱҲǼճġ
ǵߣԶĹޣ΢ȫһЩ
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ڣɱɣҲһ޵ʵжǿ̿ռԶˡ

սֳڽ籮ˡ籮֮ǰ˺
ָŽ籮ֳ֮һ֣ǾԵֺ֡󷽵֣ʱ㡣
߽籮ֱԶڽ籮֮ϡ
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ս֣Ҳ籮ĺ»ְϣĿǰڵλ»Ϊһǧʮ˷֡ս˾Űʱ䣬Լĺ»֣۵һǧʮ˷֡
ս֮ǰˣһλѾǧٶ֡ڶλҲǧٶ֡ڵһλ͵ڶλˣʵӦǽӽҪսǿһءλߴ۹λ棬һٸߵ۹߾档
߾棬ڵڶλ»ǧʮķ֡
κַַģֻλǵ۹档
ǰʮ֮УҲжĴ档ȻҲһЩڻԪռвǺܳģڶһ࣬κһҵĳԱ
ַᣬ˵ǳļҡֻʮֻҪǽ籮ģȻҪõġȻ˵籮һٸûУЩˣԶվڻԪռ䶥˵Ĵڣûһߡ
һһǧʱۺ»֣ԱȱŰʱŽ籮磬ʮ֮һʱ䣬Լ۵ĺ»ֽǰʮ⿴ȥȷʵһʵֵ顣
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һۣԱڽ籮ڴһµʱ䡣һʱԻûѰҵһͷ޵ټ޵ʬ嶼ûз֡
һգԼܱ̽߿ռ䣬߶С
ţԵλõǰӦһɰԵǿϢ
æۣ㿴һģľ޴Ӱӡ޴Ӱӣڻƶ֮С
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һǼתȻž޴Ӱӽӽ˹ȥ
𣡡δɹһľ룬޵ĺǴ
޵ĺУݣܹ籮ĵԵ򴫵ݡ߲Ĺȴǿԡ


3066 µķ
޺Уӿ򴫵ݣٶǼ졣
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޵ĸ֪ǿ΢΢ľжϡ
Ҫ֪ʵĲԪǵɵ΢Ϣﵽ˿ֲĳ̶ȡԪϼɵۣԾԵĸ֪½
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һͷСɽһӴޣɫƤ俿һЩ󣬾ԿƤϣļ̡㣬ţͷǡ󣬻һβ͡βͣ඼ɵĳȣβϵļ̿ȥΪ
ڽ籮ĵһͷޣᡣڽ籮磬ʵΡ
ڽ籮ڣԪϼǿһնɱᣬɣҪĴʱ䣬ܺᡣ׼Ԫϼɵᣬʤ˵ˡ׼Ԫϼɵܱ侲Ǽ㲻дᣬҲܹ߳ġ
ᣬϾֻǽ籮ʵеȵ޶ѡ
նɱһͷᣬɻöʮ»֡
ھһͷͬʱ籮ռڣսպҲһͷᲫɱ뾰ԲһǣսѾͷ㲫ɱ˳ʮʱ䡣ʮʱ䣬սûܺһͷᡣ
սʵʵǽ籮̫ɱ籮ޣԴԴϴ籮ܿ޸ܵĴˡ
ѰĻԪϼɵ۾ͿɺᣬַǳǿĻԪϼɵۣҲý϶ʱᡣȻˣͨĻԪϼɵۣҪһͷᣬǵһʱ䡣
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ڷ۹ؾǧʱ䣬΢Զǰǿö࣬Ҳǿ֪١ؾ֮ǰǾһҲǿƿƤëѡ
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飡飡ƻָ׺ݵĳԡ
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ϵļ̣Ȼˣ뿪塣
׽ǰһƬĻļ̶ס
Щ̣зǳǿĶܡԾȻס˼̣Ǿ޴ĶþԵ岻ϺˡԾԵúжͨɵ۳ֱܼ̣Ӿͱ䴩塣ֶεסҲɱͨɵۡ
ס˴һ̹󣬾Դ߶΢һ٣嵽˴ǰһ塣Ǵᣬβͻ˾ԡ
ɶ񣡡ǰһνֻͬŴ˿Ȭһ
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ԵĿ⣬ĶŴᡣ뿴֮󣬵ôٻָġ⼴дʱ򣬾ԿǴ棬һεĵ򲨶֡һ򲨶ֹǬһĹ
ǡΪοüϸרעµķ֡


3067 ɣ
ܹõǺ顣
ڰԪԪޡ޵ȵޣ˼֮⣬ٶֱӡӵʹõơ
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ɴʱ˿̣ȴֵ򡣺ڰ׵򣬹ͬ޴γһ㱣
ھԸе𾪵ʱǬһĹâǴ˴ĵƷ
𣡡ᷢҽ
âγɵķֱ̱Ӷ޴γɱˡǼǿ󣬵ԺεʵǬһڵܣԪϼɵ۵ֵСġ
â˺˴Ƥ
Ȼһ
ɣԶһЧЩ⡣
ԵȻ֪Լܹǰɱˣû뵽ɱ޻˵סϱâ͸ĵطдѪҺӿңһ޵ĻָٶҲ󽵵͡
籮ƵĻָܵĳ谭ơ
ͷ޵ϢҲԵή˼֡УϷϢ˥ǲùǿɵ۵ġ
õɵɱˣƺҪ΢ɵɱЧöࡣѹͷϲá
һնɱͷޣƺͲôˡ
Ǭǧػֻ΢ͣһ£ٶȻӽ֡
ǬһǬǧػγɵĲ㽣Ļռ䣬޴ϯȥ
ۣ
ͣͣ
㽣Ļռ䣬ſµϵ޴ϡ̶ʱȥ޴ᷢһ޴Ȼȥ֮ϣǧٿףЩֱ̣Ӷࡣ
ˣǬǧػĲ㽣âȴδɢ˵Ǭǧػܲδȫþ޴Ѿնɱ
޴һ̾͵˴ʬ֮ǰĿⶢŴʬ壬ϸ۲ϵ˿ڡ
ھԹ۲޴ʬʱʬ壬ȴڼʱĿʼڵʬ壬Ϊ˽籮ĵ֮
ԭˣ
ޣʵ壬ɽ籮ĵѹ֣ƻָ˾ˡ
ףǡΪʲôõɱĻָؽأ
ü˼ԺУ޴ᲫɱĹ̻һ顣
ѵ׵йأԪռ䣬ǵɵۡҵǬһУ׵ġңڰԪռ䣬ҲûԪƬ˲߰׵򡣡˼š
ԾãֿġΪԼյİ׵򣬲ܶ籮ɸЧɱˡҪȻý籮γɵĻͲô׶ʱôޣЧõȾͲ̫Զˡ
ǵУа׵ڡԪߣǵߣڻ򻤲ʱҲҪ;˵ͷ
Ժڵư׵ڲ׵£Ѷȷʵܴ統Ԫռ䣬Ժ¦컯ɵһնɱڰ׺ӻ޵ʱ¦컯ɵһɶǻ޲ߣǵĹԻ޵ɱЧޡ컯ɵȫǻС
ţˣЦݸ֡
Ļ籮磬նɱ޿ɾͱɵöˡǬһǬǧػٵɱ籮ޡǸǿޣھǰҲԵô

籮ڴĺɫʯ
쿴쿴籮
ôˣ
սĺ»֡
ţʮ֣ô£ղҿһۣսĺ»ֻ֡һӣͱ˶ʮ֣նɱһͷǿ𣿡
ս籮һµʱ䣬նɱһͷʮֵޣ
籮ɵǣ˶¶֮ɫ
λսӦǸս籮粻ãҵһͷʮޣȻֱţڽͷʮնɱˡɵ۵ͷ˵
ǲ֪ڽ籮һ²ҵһͷޣֻ˲յʱ佫նɱ˶ʮ»֡
ʱں»ְϵȻһλϾŸս籮磬ɵ۶ɱް˾Űʱ䡣


3068 
籮ɱ޻ȡ»ֵߣûߡ
ֻҪַߣһ㶼ڽ籮翪ź󲻾þͽ籮ɱޡ֮
ˡŰʱ䣬ۣҲܻܳٵ»֡
Ŀǰڽ籮ɵһʮˣһڵʮɵۣҲİٶ»֡
սʵȷʵףʮֵޣɲ׶Ըɵ˵
ַȻʮϰŻῪһΣǰԪռʷΪʷУַĴȻҲǺܶࡣ
ԣЩɵۿܴδ籮磬Ҳ֪籮޷Ϊȼʮֵޣʵɱڽ籮ڣʮ޻ָѷǳǿɱһͷޣҪԪϼʵ
սλǵȻ֪սʵǿ󣬾лԪϼʵ¬ս񣬲ھս˵ǣܵõַĻᡣһɵ۴
ַĻ᣿ֻк»ǰʮַܽսǰʮǺǣҿҲǵһһɵЦ˵
Щۼڽ籮ɵۣǿֵģҲУǻЩԪϼɵۺ׼ԪϼɵͷһЩǿɵҲ֪ڱۡ

ٸߵ۹ʹ
ս˽籮磿΢ı顣
ǵģȷʵ˽籮硣ٸߵ۹ս˵
ս񣬴˴βûн籮硣߾棬ͽ˽籮硣
ʲôʱ飿΢ʵ
ڲ֮ǰսӦ
ŶսʲôʱŽ籮磬ѵýַĻ᣿΢Ŀ漴ҡҡͷЦ˵
ʣµʱ䣬ҲͰѡʱ䣬볬ǧʱ۵Ļ֣ǲܡ΢˵һ䡣
£ҲôΪġ˵ϢʱҲǸеơսȷʵǽ˽籮硣սȷϢ
֮ǰսʹ÷۹ؾǧʱ䡣룬սǲַ֪ҪԲŵˡؾŷ־ַֻʣһʱˡôᣬԻҪһԡս񻺻˵
ķʵࡣ
˰κַǲлˡ΢̾һ
ֵ۹ʹ
򽭵ո˵ս籮Ϣ
սλʱ仹ڱսλб̫ҫۣԼ۹ĵһЩ߲ǳעԵĶ
һħ˰ɣ򽭵Цһ
ǣֻʣ°ʱ䣬õַĻᣬΡһֵ۹ĹЦһ˵
Ҳ±˳Цôڽ籮ɱ޻ۺ»֣ڵһܺÿ򽭵ԾԵΪеѽ⡣
˭֪ôģһˣȻѡǲܵ飬ƫƫҪǿǳЦǹǡ
ͬʱڰ۹Ϳ˵۹۹УЩУҲƵ̸ۡ
Щ۹Ͷĸ߲㣬˵µʱ򣬴ֻ̬ЩˣȻ뿴ս뿴սǳЦԪռȡЦ
ǿǲ֪ˣǲ
ΪЩ籮ĻԪϼɵۺ׼Ԫϼɵ۶ǳصģǧʱ۵ĺ»֣Ȳ㾰԰۵ĺ»֣

籮ڣնɱ޴ּѰ޵ټ
ʱľԣ֪Լǰһնɱ޻˶ٺ»֡ɱ޴Ҳûõ򴫵κѶϢ
Ҳǣ籮磬޷֪֪֮Ǵڣȴ޷֪֪籮Ǻڰ׵򶼴ڣΪ۲ޱʱƻָʱ΢仯
󣬾ԱһɽмɽڷһͷޣһͷȫɫëޡԶ޷ȣҲǴöࡣ
ٶȸ죬ΪһЩ
Ǳǰͷ޲١
ţҲͷ޲ܶࡣǬһһιҪ
ɣ̽ë޵ʵûٵʱ䣬߹ϵɱ֡
һǬһնȥڻָƵİëޱ㱻Զʬ壬ҲǰͷһΪڵĵ֮


3069 
ͷëɰޣֻͨǬһ㽫ɻɱ
ëޣڽ籮ǵͼޡնɱޣܻʮ»֡ǴޣȴǼֵʮ»֡
Ԫϼɵëޣɲôɡնɱë޵û⣬Ҳôʱ;ܽë޺
籮ʵޣնɱҲס
籮֮⡣
ǿ쿴˷־սĺ»˱仯
ֺĺ»֣Ӷʮʮ㡣Ҳ˵ڽ籮ڣɱһͷʮޡ
ʮ»ˣ
ô˿죿ǰһնɱʮޣŹȥʱѡʱ䣬ҵһͷ޲ҽնɱ
дţ˵ǽ籮ڣͼޣҪɱҲúܶʱ𣿡
ɲǲ׽ӰĴţʵ籮ڵޣûһɱġɵ۾ǰ˵ˡ
Щǿɵ۽籮ǧʱ䣬Ż»־ܿóɵ˵һ䡣
Ҳǣں»ְ񵥵һǿɵۣڲŻǧʮ»֡λǿɵۣڽ籮Ѵ˾Űʱ䡣
ܽһ£⾰սĻô籮磬һʱ䣬ǻʮ»ˡɱ޵ٶȣһɾܻýİٵ»֡⣬˰ɣɵšü
ɵôһ㣬һҲɴ۾
ȷʵˣ
Ȼȡ»ֵٶȣֻҪʮʱ䣬ܵϺ»ְһˡ
ǾԲܣ
ҾãսֻΪãһӷͷޣȻһɱѡһֱôáڶʱʮ»֣ɽʮ޷ɱޡɵ˵
ʵԵȷʵ㲻ڽ籮ڣѰټҲһ顣籮ռ̫ˣ籮ڵɵۣǷΧֺСֻƶ̽ϢټѰЧʾͷǳ͡
һʱڽҵͷޣȷʵһֱ澰԰ʱ䡣
ȻնɱķѵʱͺˡնɱͷޣõʱҲյ衣УΪڵһɱ΢˷һЩʱ䣬ҪȻֻ졣
籮ڣԼѰһͷɱޡ
սȻͷᲫɱԽ籮ʱѾͷ޲ɱáҵһͷ޲ҽɱսɱ
ˣ
ţһµ£Ҿɱͷᡣҵĺ»֣Ӷʮ㡣ս־תͷ

һۣһʱȥ
һʱûҵͷޡĳɼȻ֮ǰɱĴ޺Ͱëޡĺ»֣ͣʮϡ
ôһֱҲͷˣҲЩż
Ͼʱ䲻Ǻܶ࣬һͰѡ籮磬ǹȥ˽ʱ䡣
ѵ籮ڵޣǰĻԪɵɱòˣҡҡͷҲԣЩ޶ɣʵ򵥵˵籮ڣǿ޵ģҲͲޱɱֿԡ
ΪʲôһֱҲټأһתһ߼Ѱ޵ټ
һʱԵһԪɵ֮ۡǰ沢δˣûսλڼ֣ӦòЩҵս񡣶뾰ɵۣȻҲ˾ԣûǰ뾰Դк뷨־ԺԶԶľͱÿˡ
ڽ籮ԪɵۣһСģܱܿ϶ҪѡܿԼԷûпԼ˼Ҳ׷ȥֻᡣ
һʱȥ
ţһգһ
ڽ籮磬Ѵ˽ʱ䡣ʼһ¶һʱҵͷ⣬һֱûҵͷޡڴʱԵ֪һӰӰ֮УԸݸӦжϣӰһͷޣһޡ
ԪռޣֻҪʵ΢ǿһЩģзˣҲΪޡ½ϵޣҲеݡ
ˣһ¡
ಣ߶ͷոձԼֵ޽ӽȥ
Ƭʱ󣬾Ը֪ԼٵĽӽޣȻǷԵĴڣڽ籮ɱһͷһҪɱԵġ


3070 ̖
޽뾰ߣֻһƬƵͷѹ
һֻޱȾ޴ĺɫݣ˫չǵءھһɽʱɽ·𶼱˫ڡ
ݷĺɫ۾žԡǰ߾С㡣
ǿƣ
ϢޱȻӦǱҵһնɱ޻ҪǿĶࡣֻնɱ֮󣬲֪ܵõٺ»֡
ɵۣܣ
ھͣŷ޽ӽʱԶһνһԪɵžԺͺɫݣ˵
ԪɵۣһԪϼɵۣڰ۹ǰ۹һֽ¹¹ɵۣҲҪַģǰͽ˽籮硣ڵĺ»ʮңҪǰʮѾûʲôϣˡ
Ӧǵһν籮磬Խ籮޿˽ⲻࡣûжἰ籮ޣԴ˵ص޾͸ûʶˡ¹ɵѰ˼š
ңҪҪһ£¹ɵüЩԥ
ǰ۹󹫾϶ѾԡǷ۹󹫾Ժ󷨳۹۹ֳͻԿ϶۹۹
ܣٲߣˣ̖ٶȾˣڽ籮磬ǻԪϼɵȫУҲֻǿ̖ôһ˿˿ȱ̖ӽܾˡ¹ɵžԡ
ɱ̖¹ɵһ
¹ɵۣǵһμԱˣʶԵġڷ۹ٰıսλУսճԪռ䣬¹ɵĻԪϼǿߣкܶҲԵӰܹϵþԡ
֪սʵǿ̖Ҳֻޡ
£¹ɵ۴Ѷ۹ĵ
¹󹫾ôˣʲôˣܿͻӦ¹ɵۡ
¹ɵ۽籮磬ҪַĻᣬȻ֪¹ɵڽ籮鷳Ҳ취ȡ
ңǾɵۡ¹ɵ˵ҷ˾ɵۣʱҲԶ
ŶСӣǺǣŽ籮ġûϵû»ְǰʮʱ̫ˡӸտʼͽ籮磬Ҳδܽǰʮ˵ھŰŽ籮硣Цһ˵
£λɵܴ鷳ڣҪ̖¹ɵ˿ӿ٣ĿžǸλã˵Ҿãǲ˽̖ǿǿʮޣǽ籮ǿ֮һ
£㴫Ѷ㣬ҪҪѾɵߡ¹ɵ۵
Ŷڻʹ΢΢һ
£ôģΣѾɵߣôҲһ顣ǿõġ¹ɵ˵
΢ĬЦ˵¹󹫾ɱСԡɱ̖أ
仰¹ɵۣ֪Լ۹ʲô˼ˡ
ɱ̖
ǲܵ飡
ǵ۹̖ɱҲδɱ̖һиܱˡɵۣʲôɱʮ̖Ȼһ㣬ʵȷʵȽǿ󣬵ǿɱ̖ĳ̶ȡ
£֪ˡ¹ɵ֪˼ǣѾɵۡ
ʱ򣬾Ѿ̖潻档
̖ʮ㡣
ڽӽԺ̱չ͵Ĺ񱩵磬żɲ˺ҪԾ
ëúãһȡ
еı׽ϣһʳ֡ĻγɣǬǧػܲ
֪ͷҪԼڽ籮һնɱļǿö࣬һʼҪʩչǬǧػ
ھԵǰ㽣âϯĻռӰء
ɱһȣǬǧػ
̖и磬ҲǽƷе˺иƿԵ
ɵۣҪ籮ˡ
ÿһκַܶɵ۽籮ɱޣܻɵӰÿһΣɵ籮硣ɵۣոڻԪռ䣬Ҫڽ籮ˡžɵѾ̖ɱһ¹ɵ֪ɵҲˣ̖ѲɵĻᡣ
Щиܹסɵ۵ķСӰ֮£ɵ۷ٶȲܿĹ̖ԣɵ۱̖ɱƺֻʱ⡣


3071 
̖˫ӶиУնžԵ̫ǿǾҲȫסΣǷи֮ʱȴ˵
һֻޣȷʵǱǰնɱǿöࡣļֵӦøߣζŸĺ»֡ǬǧػѾϯĿżǬǧػķޣЩȡ
ɶǺ»ְ
䣡
飡飡飡
ǬǧػγɵĲ㽣Ļռ䣬һײնɱ̖Ӵ֮ϡ
ֲܣն̖ϵˡƬ֮䣬̖ϱǲ˺ۡÿһ˺֮УѪҺʳ
籮ĵ޸̖ƣ޸ٶȴ˺ܶࡣ
̖
ʱ򣬾ҲѴи֮˿֮⡣
ǬǧػٴʩչǬǧػ
̖ȴǿܶ࣬ǬǧػҲһоܽնɱġʹǬǧػ̖ԵñȽأȻӵнǿĹ
߶̖˹Խ籮޵ɱȻЧʤޡʹǬǧػļЪ֮У΢νһ¹ҲܼӿһЩնɱ̖ٶȡ
ھ̖ɱʱ򣬰۹¹ɵۣԭء
⡭ʲô¹ɵۼֱԼ۾
ˣŵһĻ
ɵɱģ̖𣿡¹ɵ۾Ųϱ̖Լǲϴˡ
ڽ籮磬̖Ƶޣ
ܡ籮ಢ̖࣬
ǣΪʲô뾰ɵɱ̖ȥô¹ɵһͷˮ
Ϊɵˣܻ롣û뵽ⲻת֮䣬ɵ۾ͽ̖ɱǱ˺ۡ
ô
ɵʵȻǿսʮʵǿҲҶ۹ɵ۱Ȱɣɵ۶̖ҲֻӴܵķݶ̖ɱ¹ɵ۾Լ˼Щˡ
̖ɱδ̫ʱ䡣ԼҲ֮һյңͷ͵̖ھԵı׽֮¡
̖ʬ壬Ϊ籮ĵ֮
Ǹ΢ͣһ£Ŀ⿴¹ɵ۲֮򣬶ֱֳ׽뿪
¹ɵֻۣһɺĵ֪ɵ۷
ȡѶ۹Ѷ
¹󹫾Ѿ𣿡ЦӴѶд
þѾ̖ɱ¹󹫾ŻٴѶλ۹ĵȻ벻ܹɱ̖
Ļ¹󹫾ЦЦѶ˵£ɵ̖սȷʵˡֻǣȴǾɵ۱ɱ̖նɱˡ
Ǻǡţ˵ʲôӶɳ
£̖նɱˡ¹󹫾ظһ顣
ôܣԾԵʵôɱ̖ʮޣң֮ǰѶҵʱ򣬲˵δ̖㣬ǷѾߵġӣѶ˵
ˡ̖ھɵǰǲһӡ£Ҳ֪ʲôԭ򣬵ⶼĿõġ¹󹫾Ц
Ŀọ̃˵̖ھǰίʵǲһ
ܣʱ䣬յѡûˣڽ籮ڣ˶̵ʱնɱ̖ۣͥҲ籮ޣǿռָ쳣ֲǲš
Ҳ֪¹󹫾ܶ˵ѻ
¹󹫾˲鿴һº»ְ񵥣ɣЩסˡ
¹󹫾ĴѶϢ̫棬̫˷˼ˡ

籮֮⣬ӴĽ籮ۼɵۣԽԽˡ
ǺǣҾ˵Ǿսʼʱˡս籮磬ͷޣͷɱõʮ»֡ǿⶼʱˣֻǿʮ»֡һɵЦָŽ籮˵
һʱ䣬ôܽǰʮ˵Σ
Ƚ籮رգ͵ȡɣ
ô˵ɣսʵҲˡ籮ڣնɱʮ޺ʮޣҲ֤ʵǿѵ»ְǰʮȡˣҲΪ˵
û˵ʵǿʵȷʵǿǶϡֻʣʮ֮һʱ䣬ƫƫҪ籮һⲻǽǿɵ𣿡ɵĵı˵


3072 
ɵǣ𾴾ԵģҲпԲ˳۵ġ
ɵۣǿ֣ΣûֱӵĹϵ
ৣ
ʱ򣬾޴籮ϣֺĻ֣Ȼˡ
ԭʮ»֣Ȼ˰ʮ㡣
ô£
ǡôɰʮˣţʮ֡
ڱ۾սɵۣܶ˶ǶŽ籮ģԵַ仯̾ܿ籮ϵ֣һʮѣһֱֳֺ仯ܱЩɵ©
ʮޣɵ۵˵ȷŵ̬
ִʮ㣬һӱʮ㣬ɲʮ֡ʮֵӣǺȻʮ֡ƺҲֻһֽͣǾսڽ籮ոնɱһͷʮޡ
ܰɣʮޣ籮ڵʮޣǿ޵𣿾˵ǵ۹漶ĴڣҲɱʮ𣿡һɵۣü˵
Щڮپսɵۣ򶼲˵ˣһɫѿ
ÿУе𾪡
ʮޣսɱʮޣöǿʵѵ۹ȣֻ˵ȵ۹滹Ҫǿ

۹ʹ
һ˷ܱ飬Ŀž⡣
ո˵һϢȷϢĺ۹߲ﶼ˹۹սˡ
£ҵȹʲô𣿡սıʵ
һʱ䣬û˵۹ʲô鷢£ΪЩ߲㶼
Ҳûʲô£˰֡
λ֪ս˽籮ɣת˵
ţ˵ˡ
֪ǽڲȥġ
սΪʹؾʱ䣬ûлǰʮ
ڳˣ½Ŀڡ
ǺǣҿδءȴЦһζ˵
ڷţҵõһϢսڽ籮磬Ѿðʮ»ˡĿڳսˡ
սˣ΢΢һ
ս籮絽ڣʱ仹ɣôʱ䣬͵õ˰ʮ»֡ţȷʵˡһ󹫾˵
ȷʵǿһǧʱ䣬սпܽǰʮõһַĻᡣսͷ˵ϧսʱ̫ˡ
ǰڵõ˰ʮ֣ǰʮĲȻǳ޴ء
ûʲôϣ£ǹǸģһ󹫾Цһ˵
ս籮粻꣬õʮ»֣Чȷʵǳߡǣսʹõʱʱ̫ˡ
ս񣬲ÿ궼ڽ籮õʮ»ְɣ
˵ˣ˵սڽ籮磬նɱһͷʮޡ
仰һ˵ڣʱΪ֮һ
սڵˣȫ۾ɴ
ʮޣ
£ղš˵ʲôսԼˡ
սȻ籮磬ʮ޵ĿֲⱲӣ籮ʮ沫ɱ
¸ղź˵սնɱһͷʮޡ
սû£ġ籮֮⣬кܶ˶һֱź»ְ񵥵ġսĻ֣һʮ֣ʮ˰ʮ֡ս񻺻˵
ңһ⴫Ѷ籮ڵľսѯʡ׿ڸңɱһͷ;޴ݡݾսû´ǱնɱӦ̖˵
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ս̫ǿ˰ɣ
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սִ籮ʱ򣬰۹һˡΪ¹󹫾˾նɱʮޣ˸һõϢ


3073 ûʱ
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ҲһգֶͥԻԪϼɵǣһѶϢ
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ǰһ꣬͵õŰٶ»֣һǧ꣬ǧֺ΢ͷ


3074 ֮
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ףŤͷһۡʱ˿̣ԿûӦף档

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ǲǾս𣿡½һЩ籮ߣҲף˸ǿΣľս
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3078 һɱһƬ
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֮صޣûеǿ󡣻֮޵ĹһǳֻҪȺɱܴնɱ֮صޡ
ԣһ
֮صޣһԣǾС˴նɱЩޡǣҲһ㡣սٴοڶ˵
˵ĻҲڳλԪϼɵ۰ͷȻΪս˵е
ʵ޷һĻ֮ص紫ֲսô̶ֳȵնɱսʵǿǿȥ
ǧ֮ǰսλУսսشȻ˵ս͵ϮҲ˵˾սʵǿĵزôܱս͵Ϯɹôܱսش
ԪϼɵۣΪͬսĻ
ԴʱȴûֹͣȻһǬǧػɱ˴ޣܣи޻ԴԴϵɱ
Щ޻۵һ𣬶ʼʩʹǬǧػɱ
ɱͷޡ
սˣ϶޵ķĴǽ뵽֮أҲսɱޡ
Ȼˣף϶ͬսִ⡣ֻǣҲ֪ս񵽵ôġ
Сģһͷˡף΢΢һһͷɫޣٵԼ
Щλãڽ֮ĸ޸֪Եи޳ǣҲ飬ʵΪǰǻи޳ǡ
ΪЩڿУͷɫ޽ӽһ󣬱͵ķ˻ηĳףˡ
ಣ

һԪϼɵۣڱδ֮ǰȳ֡еĵ۱һ⻪նɫޡ
޷һ׵ɱͷɫޡ
һ⻪ݺݵĺɫ޵ϡ޴ɫе͵˻ȥˤȥ
Ȼ벻һĻˣͷɫˤڵϺ󣬾Ȼֳ̾ɱصٴγɱм伸ûеʱ䡣
˵Ԫϼɵ۵Ĺδشɫޡɫ޵ϣһµ˺ۣ˺ȴۿɼٶС


3079 쭵Ļ
ɫޣ׺ɱռ䡣
ֹɫ޵ĻԪɵЩɵۣΪԼһоնɱͷɫ޵ģȻȴȥԶ
λԪɵۣҲȻ
ôһ
˷ѣе㡭Ǻǡսɨһȳֹɫ޵ĻԪɵۡ
˵֣˷
սУз̹˷ɵζģҲû˵ֱ̫ףȻǺҶ۹ս񣬵Ե޹Բ̫ȥԪϼǿߡ
˷ɵ
սͷɫ޳ˡ
Ϊǰй˷ɵ۳֣ɫûʲô̫˺ս֣ǿû˿֡ȫʩչǿɫնһ
飡ɫޣص˵ϡ
ھײ֮£ǵ涼Ǵ̮ѣһɳ
ȻƬ̺ɫֳϣ˺۱ǰһԵصö࣬жδ̫ܵӰ죬˿Ҳڻָ֮С
ôܣս졣
Щ޷ˡ
ԼȫһȻûܽɫնɱ
սֱԼ۾
϶֮޷ģҪȻǾôһɱһƬޣ
ôֵԼ֣ͱˣ
ԪϼɵۣҲ˫ü֮ǰǶͬսķڿȫһ
ףԣɫޣҲô׻ɱġ
ǵĿ⣬ʶս񡣾Դʱնɱޡ޽޾ȻԽʩչǬǧػɱ࣬ԵϡһЩɻһͷͷ޴ӸԶһЩĵطɱ
Ԫϼɵǣ˵ˡ
ͷɫޣǱս񼸸˷ֱ𼸴γˡʵ֤һҪɱɫޣȷʵ÷һ
սʵжǿһԪɵһ˵
սʱ鼫ղ˵Щףܶ
У϶ԭ򡣡
ԣ϶ʲôδֵĶ
ǧ֮ǰսλϣֹԣʵҷǳ˽⡣ǧʱѣнҲǿȺɱޡսǲžԵʵܳ졣
սԣȷʵе
ǣһǧʱ䣬÷۹ؾǧ꣬ܽ٣ǾʹһȣѵܳԽ߾ף棿һ˵
߾פλϵɵۣҲ벻ͨ

Щޣĸ޲ġ
ֻǡٶҲ̫˰ɣ
ܵޣϡ࣬ʼ۲Ǻɫĸޡ֣ɫĸ޵ӴϣһطƤԷѡÿһηֿһͷ޴ոޣʱ䣬ܴﵽ״̬
Խĸնɱ۾
뷨Ա㿪ʼмƻͲģĸλýӽ
籮֮⣬޴ɫ籮ɵǶԽ籮ָָ㡣
սֺ棬Űʮĺ»ֹ
ΪԵģ֪Կ϶ǽ֮ˡ֪սûмʱĳ
ʱ򡭡
ɫʯϣֺĻ֣ȴٴγ˱仯
쿴սĺ»ˡ
ţȻˡս񣬻ɱ籮ޡ
԰ǿôһһģ
Űʮߣ
Űʮˣ
Űʮ֣
仯ÿ죬ѾﵽŰʮˣ

ɵǣϱսú»ֵ±仯
ɵ۱ֺ󣬾սĻ֣͵˸˸Ƶʼ죬ͺǽ籮һ㡣Ȼɵ۵ĺ»ȴԭеֲʲô仯
ô£
ʲôսĺ»֣ô֮죿
һǧˣ
սΣ»ְǰʮˡ
һȺɵۣզզģɵͺһ伤ģ
Ŵͣһ˫۾źɫ޴籮
򽭵б΢ȵȴҲࡣ
Ѱɵۿ֪֮ܲصĴڣ֪֮صĿֲЩԽ֮һǰڿԵĺ»ʱ֪Խ˽֮ء
ǣΪսˣڽ籮Ľ֮ء⻹ûȥãսĺ»֣ͷˢµƵʣֱզ̫࣬ˡ
һǧһٷˣ
սѾǰʮǰʮٱƽ
»ֻڷ֮У


3080 ɱĸ
޴ĺɫ籮֮£ɵۣǺ
֮ǰ϶ԾսڮٵɵۣʱҲı뷨
Ҳ֮£ΪǱûġɵۣھսǷַܽǴϣ߲ϣ
ǰ֮ԺֻܶΪսһų֣뵱Ȼ;þսǳǲ
սĺ»֣ںɫ籮ʱҲΪ֮
Ϊبδ֮¡
£˵սɱ𣿡ս˿ı飬ʵ
սĺ»ڷ֮гǧޡƺҲֻһֿܣǾսڴ¾籮֮صޡ
ţˡ˵ͷ
սսĿãȻ
Ҳֻ֪֪վսڵĺ»ٶȣܿ»ְǰʮЦЦ˵
˵ΣѾѴˡս񣬲Ŵӽ籮һܶýַĻᡣ
ţǶԾսֻ֮ġ
ǺǣҵȻϣսܹýַĻˡ̾Ц˵
ߴ۹УƤġ

籮磬֮ء
źɫĸޱƽһ·ϣնɱޡ
ΪʩչǬǧػԵļԣնɱɫĸޣǾһҪѡһɱɫĸޣǾͲµ޲ʱԼ֮صĲɾҲѡݵ뿪֮ء
ɫĸޣ֪ԵıƽƺҲ֪Ҫնɱ
޵ٶȸˡ
ֻǣǺɫޣҲԵסԵǬǧػֻǬһҲնɱһͷɫޡ
֮صޣסԵĲ
սɱĸˡһԪϼɵۣ˵
ɱĸޡ
նɱĸޣ֪ܻöٺ»֡
սɱ˶ޣĻӦýǰʮ˰ɣ
ڳɵ̸ۣš
ţǲǾսˣ
ʱһɵ۵ˣǰĿþսնɱ̖޵¹ɵۡ
ȥһˣնɱ˴ޡһ˶¹ɵ۽͡
˻Ȼ¹ɵصĵ˵ͷ
Ϊۼնɱ̖ģԾսʵԤ⣬˶ԾԵʵԤߡ
ʲôɱ޵ķôܣսЦһ
¹ɵۿ˿ս
ü¹ɵۻ˵սʵȷʵǷǳǿģܹնɱʮޡ
ʲô
¹ѣ˵ʲô
նɱʮޣô֪
ף߾棬תĿ¹ɵۡ
ս񣬵ʱһͷ̖ɱɱ̖̣Ҷˡ¹ɵ˵
ˣ
ʮޣǽ籮ǿˡף߾λɵۣʮޣҲߣȥʮײ
ɱ籮ʮޣѶ̫
ⲻ˵ĳⷽ𣿡սƶ˵
ʱľԣɫĸԽԽܵҲԽԽ
ʩչǬǧػƵʣҲԽԽߡ
ҿǬǧػȺɱЩޡ
ֻһͷһͷɱǾԲлӽĸޡ
ҲԼǬǧػֶΡ
֪ɫĸ޻ûδ¶ĹֶΡҲκδ⣬Ժɫĸޣܽ
ĿǰΪֹɫĸƺֻǲϲޣδֳĹֶΡǣⲻǺɫĸ޾ûֶΡ
Կɫĸһ룬΢߶˼£ﵽޡ
ȹһԿԳſ϶Ժɫĸޣӳһâ
һâδܻкɫĸޡڽâϯɫĸ;Укɫ޷ܲס˾ͷŵĽâ
ĻӳâЩޣͲԼǽʵʵھԵǰܹȫ
ÿһЩܻкɫĸޡ
ǬһǬǧػҲ޷͸ǰǴܼ·ޡ
Լһߴնɱޣһ߼ƽ
֮УܵĹҲԽԽࡣ΢ԷǳٶšԣҲû̫ʱ䣬뾡콫ɫĸɱ
ֱƽһҵľ룬Щ޶ԾչĹӷ
Ǭǧػȫ߶ת΢


3081 Ƕ
΢뵽Ǭǧػ֮У
һǾܹʩչǿһ
ںɫĸǰĴޣ˲Ϣ֮䣬ͱǬǧػһƬ
Ľâռ䣬ɨںɫĸ޵ϡɫĸޣӾҵ䶯ȫһͷͷޡ
Ե۾ȴһ
Ϊʱ򣬺ɫĸȻûչ¶ֶΣ˵ɫĸ޺ֻܱܿ߱ͨ޶ԵС
һǣͨһԶԺɫĸ޵ķ˸жϡɫĸķȽ籮Ѱ˵߱ơڷϣﲻʮôǿ
ԣҪնɱͷɫĸޣеͨ
û˷ʱ䣬׽ɫĸ޷
ʱ򣬾Ҳûѡֻܾնɱɫĸޡ򣬾ܴȺɱޣҲñ
Ǭһ΢ܵ޹ڿľԵ΢
ʱ䳤ˣĻᱻ
ڣնɱĸ޵Ĺ̲û谭һǬǧػɱ֮£ǧٿ׵ĺɫĸޣڱ׽֮¡
ʩչĹɵ˿ڣָٶȺҲǾܹնɱɫĸ޵ҪԭԪɵۣ¾վĸ޽ǰȻһȺֺɱɱɫĸҲѡΪǸɫĸɵ˿ڣܿͻȫϡ
ɫĸΪ
ڻŵޣĸ󣬱ֹͣ˶ԾԵΧɱЩޣʼ֮ƶ֮صޣĸ޿֮£ĸ޿ԶǴĸ޵òݣҲɢˡ
ûȥ׷ɱдӴ뿪ޣĺ»ֿ϶㹻ˣҪټɱޡ

ǧپʮŷ֣
ս񣬺»ְ񵥵һ
찡̫ǿˣ
ôģΪʲôΪʲô̶һʱڣǧ»֣
ɱޣ
ں»ְϵȷʵﵽ˵һǧ»֣ռͷڵڶפ棬ǧ»֣뾰սԶ
ˣͲ˵ˣһֱźɫ籮žսĺ»ַš
ڡ
ͣˣͣˡս˵
籮ϣսֺĻ֣ͣǧپʮŷϡһ̣ǧپʮţǧپʮšһһٵ»֡
һٵ»֣ڽ֮صĸޡ
ڽ籮磬֮ǿҲ̖ǸΣʮ»֮֡صĺɫĸޣһٵ»֡
ʷϣδܹնɱ֮صĸޡ
ǺǣǰһԾս˵ΪʱԵʣ޷õַĻᡣڿǡ찡ЦЦЩ˵
ͼȰ˵սҪ籮磬Ϊֻʣ°ʱ䣬ܽ»ְǰʮǾսִ⣬Ҫ籮硣
˭뵽أ΢ҲЦ
㵽֮ǰҲûΪսԽ»ְǰʮ
һʱ䣬ξͷ˾޴ı仯˵Ԥϡ
籮磬֮ء
ҡģҺʧȥַˡһԪϼɵۣͻȻһ
ԪϼɵۣǬĴ档ǬһҲʮŸǰ˵ϵ۹֮ǿ֮һˡ
λĪȺĻԪϼɵۣں»ְϣǸպڵʮûоԵǿƵǶǿԽַġ
ڡ
ոͨѶһڽ籮ǬԱ֪Լε䵽˵ʮһʮԽַʮһֻű˽ַ
ǺַĽᰡ
ˣĪȺɵۡ
ĪȺѣ֮ǰڵʮףʵ
ǰǰպǵʮڣɵʮһˡĪȺɵۿһ˵
ڳĻԪϼɵǣĪȺɵͶȥϧ⣬Ҳû취顣
սǶ»ְ񵥵һңȥϲ߾濪˵
£ǰȥʱ֮أĸѱնɱ޴ˣֻʣǲһЩڽ֮أЩдƺҲûߵ˼
ʱأûΣա
Ҳȥսء
Ҳȥ
ڳĻԪϼɵۣǶĸԭλ÷ȥΪԻǸط
ǡʲôԣȴǵԲ˫ĿŲԶ
ŵĵطǺɫĸ޵֮¡
ԭɫĸ޵·һصĿӶ


3082 
ԵȻΪһӶȡ
ǣӶײһ
ߴԼĪҲ׵׵ĸ߶ȣͨΪɫǣȴǷǳֱ֣Ƕһסң֦ҲǼ࣬Ӷ֦ɳ
ڽ籮޷֪ڣǴʱڿӶ֮⣬۾ܿ۵ĵ
˵֡
ûϣ˹ʵʵǾսλлùʵһޱ걦
սڵʮŵõʵսʮ֮ǵòʵġһսߴ۹óʵҲһٿŶѡ
Ȼ˵սλ;ٰһΣҪ֪ܹõģࡣⲿܹõɵۣߴ۹Ͷ
һϣжʵզࡣ
һϽʵǧöö֮ࡣ
ʵһһġһ棬ʮöʵһϣٶമʵ֮ࡣ
޼֮޼֮Եûȡ
û뵽Լնɱĸ֮󣬾ܷһ
ӶڣǺɫĸޣһֱڿӶ̾ᡣնɱĸޣǸ޷Ĵڡ
Īǣĸ޵ĴڣΪػв²⡣
ս񣬹ϲϲ߾ɵǣǷй
߾棬Եأȱ΢һЩԸ
ˣҲԵء
ֻǺܿģǵͫףΪǾԿ
߾桢ףˣһһȫס˺
ΪʲôҪַ
Ϊַ༫ıʵΪҪı֮һɴʱǰȴһŽʵ
ܽ籮ģѰǵȻʵȽ˽⣬ҶʹùʵԴһۣȷԼǰӶڵЩʵʵ
лλѡԿȺˣһ˫˫ѾЩ۾˵
£ԱӶһ
ʵһͻȻ
ģǺҶ۹սսĿƵĶ΢΢
Ե˵ͷ۾ս
ԺЩʵջжڳһһһõЩʵ
ǵǲ﷢һǽ˹ʵжʵսЦһ˷ܵ˵
սУ˲䣬ת˺ܶͷ
֪ԼҪǲܵġλ۹棬ͲӦġȻܶռȻҲ÷һ
˶ʵƽһ֣ÿҲֵܷ١ϾʱɵۣһҲʮλѡ
սĻ񶼱
ȻǻԪϼǿߣվԪ۷壬̰ͬǣͬԴзһĻᣬǲ
ǣңҵȷʵɱ˺ɫĸޣҵһĿɨսЦ˵
ԵҲɨԪϼǿߡ
Ե࣬ҲǰЩˣԶԼ뷨ЩˣܻܿԼʵ
ԣ˵ʲô
ȺˣǴһֵġôѵ㻹һ˶̲ɣսɫһˡ
Ӧھԡ
Ǿɱ˺ɫĸޣˡǾԣ֮ضҽ롣˵ĸûʱ޷ڣ۾Ҳһ޼£ûС
Ƕ̣ӦңԵ
㣿
ԣ⻰δҲ̫˰ɣǽ籮磬Ī˵籮㣿ս̧
籮磬Ȼҡҡͷ˵ģԼЩʵ
Сθڻǽ籮ڵģ֮չأ˭ֹ˭ԣȺˣһԣӦһƽ֡ս˸ﻰģҲϡ
Ŀĺܼ򵥣Ҫһ
ս˵û͸ôҷһݡϾǴһֵĶκһ˶̶ʡһСɵۿ֧ս


3083 Ѭ
Ʋģ
ΪΪʳ
˾޴ǰԪɵΣǣҲԿջ
ܹһ˵ҲöĽ֮٣
֮·ԽԽǼѣ壬ﵽɵۼߵѾˡΨһЩັĵرɼɵۼߵǿ
Ҫ֪ëǸȼԴԼɵǿȡɵ۾ߣҪֻ꣬ѰҸ󺱼ԴԴʵѰңٶĺ׾ʯҲȿ䱦
ʱȺԪϼɵۣһȵúܡսͷ˽Ǵ
̧ĿСԪϼɵۣĿз⡣
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ҪʵֳȥԵȻ⡣
ʵȻ٣˵ȱ˭ӶࣿԼòˣҲԸ׽ãҲȡԴҲԴصԪ֮С
СӣòҪ󣡡
ף߾λǰڣѵ㻹Ҷ̱ﲻɣսֿ˵
Σף߾λϵĻԪɵۣҲ˽
ף桢߾ɵۣʵҲġȻǻԪռ䣬ʹڵɵۣıﲻ֪лõʵǾܾҲԸΪ˵һЩõ
ף߾һۡ
λ漶δ˵ʲô˵Ѿ̬ȡֹܱӦ÷սԲǡ
λ̫ͣսſ
Ѿ룬ǲܽ˻նɱԣֻҪ˲֣籮նɱҲǲܡֱڣȻΪԼʵܹɱԡ
սս˵ûǣһ¹ʵҷ£Ҳʡ˷ʱ䡣һ˿ڣߴ˵
ǺǡЦ
һɣԵ˵һ䡣
ϱƽĮеŭȼøΪ͡
£ԱǵʵĽǰ
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ˣ
䣡
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ɹڳ󣬾һ㽫ƵԼĿռ䱦֮ڡ
һʵȥɣ
СʲôսŭžԺʵ
ˣҲȫüžԡԵĶƺҪһʵӡҪ֣ôὫڳƵԼĿռ䱦ڣ
սǺ⣿Ƕ˵ˣһ𣿡һԪɵ۴
СҪҿ㣬սɱڵ˵
ƽ֣Һ˵ҪָʵˣЦһ˵
죬սλ͵Ϯңһû㡣ڣ㾹һܵǰצҿ֪ˣ㣡Ŀսɭ˵
սЦ
λǶ˰ɣǴһֵʵСҪˣҲ֪λôģ죬Բ̣ڣҪֽնɱǻ𣿡ս˴ĿҪף߾档
˵䣬սǽԼĵ۱ȡ
ںɫĸءɫĸ޲ǲܷɫĸޣǾսɱˣЩʵ޹أ߾˰֡
߾ȻһΪ֮ˣԣ뱰ӲմߡⷬǱԼˣЩʵûйϵ
ף棬Ҳҡҡͷ
ˣȴǲսǰǵҲԾԲɱˣ
ս㻹ǽʵóɣãɱ֮һȰ˵ԡ
ֻҪսǹͬʵս񣬶ǲٶ֡һ˿˵
ҪԶʳĻҲֻܲȡҪֶˡ
ʵǺöΪ˶͵òʧˡ


3084 
ԪɵۣȺ󿪿Ȱ˵óʵǾ治óǵ˼⣬ҲܶԾԳ֡ɱԣȻܵõеԴողűʵ
죬ϻ˵գڣе۱׽նâ۶ǬһĽ⣬ϯȥ
ֲܲøԪɵǣת
ս񱾾Ҫֻɱԣ׼úܳ㡣
նϮɱսеε۱ͬѸٶԾ˹ȥͬʱ壬ҲԳ˹ȥ
սͬ塢˫ɵۣ½ɱ
սɱʼף桢߾Ƿ׷ѡˣ֮ɱ
սڽ籮ı֣˷˼治֪ս״ﵽһΡףͳ
ڽ籮磬նɱʮޣֽ֮ؽ޽Ŀ治֪Եսǿĵز
ȻȻһܵ顣
ԣף桢߾棬Ҳɾսĳרնɱ籮޵ֶΡһҲһԪ챦
ĻԪɵۣ˵
սҲǵģ˶ʵǴƽ֣Դϲ𣿷Ҫ̣սŭܴսл𣿡һɵҡͷ
ս񣬻ԪռһսսռͷԣʲôսƴߣǱս񵱳ɱҲֺͬСɵۺ˵
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սͬ⣬ֱӽ뵽ԼĿռ䱦֮ڡ¹ɵתܿ졣
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֮أȻڣǧʵ۾Ҳˣǿǧöʵ
Ԫռ䣬ߴ۹ıʵҲͼǧöѡ۹ڵʵֻʣ¼öˡټĵ۹ֻмöʵˣ
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£͹ʵȷʵӦھսɱɫĸޣĻᶼûС¹ɵ۵
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ⷬĶ˵ͷ
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Ԫ챦෱࣬ôȫַ֪ôΣ̽򣬲ҲֻһǻԪռ˹󣬱ͥǵȴڣҲ֪һСսãõһⱦпܵġΪȻ˵
ս񴦾Σ˰ûб˰սҪֿʼ˥սˣе˼ǣսܻսС


3085 
Ҳ̲סˣȡԼĴѶ˴Σ۹Ҳɵ۽˽籮ɱޣ㴫Ѷڽ籮ķ۹ɵѯ
ֻڴѶһºεԼĴѶΪ۹ɵۣʱڽ֮ظҲ֪սսɱ
ֱò
սҶ۹ɱ
Ҳ̫ǡ˳ְսأף߾棬Ҳڽ֮أλǰԸսݡ˵
һǹ͵ĳ嶯ֱǿˡ
籮磬֮أ
䣡
ԵǬһ⻪սʩչ۵ĵײһ
ҵ𶯣Ű񱩵֮ʯ顣
һ֮Уս壬ȴǱõˡԳȥҪӽԵģײһɿֲˡ
ԣȴǴԭغһѡ
СӣһЩ͹ˡսЦ
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ȷʵ͹ңζҵĵ͹˵ԿսɱƣĮ
ʩչǬһҲֻ̽Եġ
ڷ۹ؾ˴ߺڰ׵սԶ֡
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ȻͷֻԺתôһ£ø࣬ԱҪǰˡ
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ڡ˵ȫԵˡսȫѹŴӡ
Ǽ֮ǰԣҪȾԽʵĻԪɵۣɫѿȻҲǻԪɵۼǿߣǻԪϼ𣬿ʵǿҲ붥ս൱
ôСɵۣСֹ
ս񣬾ǱսҪǿࡣѵʵﵽ˵۹һ𣿡һԪɵ


3086 նɱ
۹¹ɵۣ۾ųС
۹ڵѶϢ
׽սսǻӶε۱ֵ׽նںߵε۱â֮ϡ
飡սһ٣˶˰ء
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죬ΪҶͲ𣿺Ǻǣ΢磬һǿ󡣡ԸŰǰս˵
ڰߵƵ΢磬ȷʵԶȰԪռЩ΢ǿöࡣ񣬼㾰ֻ΢սҲڲ֮ء
ս񾪾彻ӣеĻ֣̿ӿ
ΪԪռսϵĵһսսԪĶǿߡԪУܻս˲࣬ȴͥĴۣǼ۹Ͳӵǰ
ȻսʱԵĶ֣ȴһո𲻾õˡս񣬴δԼھԵС
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ǰڵľս񣬿ҵ൱ɣҵȣȴʸͥ߾¶һ˿Цı飬ҡͷ˵

޴ĺɫ籮ϣսʧˡ
ս񣬱ں»ְġ
һǾս񣬵ڶף棬߾棬ľս
ս֣ͻȻʹӽ籮ʧˡ
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ڶɵǣ֪ʲô顣û˸ȥ룬սѾˡսǿѾģԪУмɱս񣿱ǵ۹棬ɱսҲ׵顣˵ǺҶ۹ս˭ǺҶ۹
ˣȴͷһΪǶ֪ڽ籮֮أս뾰սˡ
ϵЦݣʱ򽩹סˡ


3087 ǧ
籮֮أսս֡
սʧڽ籮֮ϣ˵ʲô
ţĵǳƶ˵ս涨׶༪١
¹󹫾ʲôˣսûɣѶ¹ɵۡ
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浽ʲôս𣿡΢ѯʡ
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սˣսնɱ򽭵ȴǿڵ
ֵ۹Ҳһڽ֮ظɱ̡
˻͵۹߲Ա̲סһ

ھԶ뿪֮غ߾桢ףˣûм뿪
籮Ҳرգǵʱ䵽ˣԶͳȥɡµʱ䣬ҲûҪȥɱˡ
УһԪɵۣͻȻϲüҡ
ˣǬĴĪȺɵۡ
ĪȺɵΪʲôͻȻϲΪս񱻾սɱ֮ĪȺɵ½˺»ְǰʮڵʮ
֮ǰΪԵĺ»ֺǶһα˵ʮһʧȥ˽ַʸ񡣿ڣֻˣȻĻϲ
ĪȺѣùϲ㣬ֿԽȥַˡףҲʶĪȺɵʧõĻᣬĪȺɵ۵ء
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£֣һʲôҹСսǣӦýСֱӴӻԪռĨ
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һȺҶ۹ĸ߲׷׷ŭĺҪǧУҪĨƽҹҪ۹Ҷ۹һ
֮ڶŭĻš
Ҷ۹ĵ˵ͷ
ô˭ȥ籮磬ǾԸץκӶŵеˣʵ
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3088 ͥڲ
ʹȺҶ۹߲ԱûһΪԼܽǾץġ
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һȺ
ҺҶ۹ҪһȺã
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Ҫɱԣͱ۽йͨͬ󣬷ɶֻ֡Ҫû˷۵ıӣɱԣҲ£ҪҶԳ֡
ϵܣʶսʮľս񣿡÷ǵӰڶԷЦʵ
ԣ۾С


3089 һҪɱ
۵Ȼ֪ҶΪʲôԼ
ս񱻾սڽ籮նɱ¸ոշú󣬷۾͵õϢˡϵҶۻԴ˷ѣȻ¿ǲеģȻҪ棬
˵ľսʶģ˵Ӧϴۡ
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ϵܣЩ棬ΪλάһСǺǣȻսʵǿչ¶Ҳ˵ãЩ˶ԣʵҲʲôϴֿۣЦʵ
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ϵôˣԪУûءϴѾڲ²⵽˭չ˾ԡ
˵ֻҲѯʷ۵˼
ȴվλ۹˹˵ϸ磬ѡҶѣһ£һˡ
£ת˵á
ϴˣŷ뿪ãĿЩζ
˵һλڣ÷չԵģϴ۾Ա߶˵
֮ͥУϴۡҶкۣͅλǹϵȽϽġ
ͥʮۣϵҲԶ֮
˵ĹϵԾԶ˲٣˽µĽ١
ӦòͥĴۣۣͥҪˡҶۿڵ


3090 ׼
ϴ녽۶ͷ
ܴӱվŵ˭ҺҶɱӣҶУŨҵĺ֮⡣
Ҷϵܣϼɣȱκַرգ㼴ɳֽ⾰նɱϴѹһ΢ֵͣӣҪһġ˵ȵַԾ͵һȡʱ뻤Ǿԣɾ˵ȥˡ
֣ҵȣҶصĵ˵ͷ

Ҷ۹κӵҶ۴Ѷ˵Ҫϼܻɱԣʱ˳涼˵ˣԲҶԡ
ںҶǰ˿Υ档
£ң
֮УҶ۹ľͳ˽Զκʵ
˫ͳ죬Ҫȥһ¡κȽ˫ӵľͳ
ԸȽ˫ӵ
ȥһҹСңСҸˡκҹľλãԺȥ֤һ¡˹һӡңͨɵ۵̫ࡣ
ǣ£ȥȽ˫Ӧȥ
Ƚ˫뿪󲻾ãҶ۹һͿĴ˽
£Ϳκ
Ϳ⣬ҪڶһϢκ
˵Ϳ󳼵
ںַرպ󣬺Ҷ۹ɱӾԣΪҺҶ۹ս񸴳𡣡κͿ˷Ը
£ˡ̣㽫ϢȥͿУҲȥ
κҪҹΪ˷йŭ𡣺ҶѾڻɱԣҪκַرաһǿܻҪϼꡣ
ңκʹҪҹΪҹս
ҪͿУ󳼶˵Ҷ۹ںַرպɱԣΪ档
ڽ籮ɱ˺Ҷ۹ս죬ϢѴߣڿҶ۹ķӦҶ۹ȻҪ̬˶֪Ҷ۹ɱԵľġֻǣʱҪȵַ
ϢȻúҶ۹𣬵ǱʲôҪǿöࡣٿǿҶ۹Źˡ
Ϳ󳼽Ϣͨ۹һЩ˳ȥ
ڽ籮ˣܿõϢ
££ûκλ͵ˡս
Ҷ۹ѾϢںַ֮󣬺Ҷ۹ȴɱսǺҶ۹ûκˡϢųҶ۹ض᲻ϧһе
ս˵Ѿûл͵ˡ
Ҷ۹дۣǷ۹ҲﲻϾս̫æֻܡ۵˼ˡҡͷ˵
ҿۿѾˡ΢һԣ˵
˿΢
ûгаԣǺҶ۹ҶۣȵַŶ𣿡΢˵սɱ˺Ҷ۹սԺҶ۹ǿƣӦ̵Ӵ籮ġ
΢˵еҲֻܰﾰսӵַرա򽭵ͷ
籮ɵǣҲһոմӺҶ۹Ϣ
ʱһȥ
Լһ֮󣬾ԵȽ籮ɵۣ籮ڲ˳
ں»ְϣһڶף棬߾棬ĵĵʮҲǼǿĻԪϼɵۡ
УλԪϼɵ۲κһңɢޡ
ս񣡡
Աͳսӭȥ뾰Դк
ս񡣡Ҳλֻ
սЩ˵ǵǱ˵˿ܣԾԵ
ԸսһƬ˵Ƨ
սڽ籮ɱҶ۹սϢѾڻԪռ䴫ˡڣԴЩ겻ѡ
˵ͷɱ´Ԥ֮ڡʮɵ۵棬նɱսϢŹ֡
޷󣬾սʵǱսҪǿ󡣡ս̾һ䡣
սںҶ۹¼ΪŭѾĴϢҪںַرպ󣬶㲻˵
ַü
ԱΪԼӽ籮̾ͻһսڿԼһЩʱ䡣
ԣӦǷ۳ˡҪȻܿܺҶѾطˡͷڿҲֻһˡ
ַÿοţһҲͳʱ䡣ʱ䣬ָս׼صı˵


3091 ַ
ַҶ۹ػԾսȡҶۼԶԾս֡
һ۳֣Ƿ۹ﾰԶԿҶ۹Ҳû
ȷ۹ԱԾȷʵǼΪصġ
ǲңҲȥǣ˵
սȴ飬սսǺַһֻżʱѡȺַرգ׼ɾˡ
ս񣬲²⾰֮ء
ԣ֮ضΪصڡ
֮ء֮ӣĳϵֻǣսһڵ˽ȻƬġǷ۹棬Ҳֻ֪ٲֵ
ˣǾãս֮أھӦ֮ԮȺַرգԮȻ
ȴǲ֪˵˼ֻЩɻΪսǿҪ׼
ô׼
ھϸѯʵʱ֮䣬Ȼڡ
֮
ɽ֮ڣ޸߰ĺ·Щ޶˷
籮ڶɵۣĿͬʱһ
ԣҲĿȥ
֮֮䣬һӵĲɣĺɫţɫţ᳤աɢܣܹԪռ䡣
ַˣ˵
ǣʵ
ӳһ̤룬һ˳ȥ³ŵһˣǺַԾԽ͡
ھȥ𣿡ֵ
ϾԶԽַûоģǵһοַľҲǵһμѹĺɫš
ٵƬ̡
ս񣬺ܿǾܿһ£ɫ¡ɫ³֣ɵϺ³ˡֻк»ְǰʮߣɵϳšԾ԰һֵ
籮ɵǣʱһҲ˵ˡǺ³֮£ÿƺһһֺص˲˼ĸо
˵Լʱ󣬺ɫ£ں³ŵһ˽Ǻɫ£Զڳˣܸоϵѹ
սԵϺ³ˡҪ죬ֺ󣬳źܿͻʧڳʧʱûܵϳţʧȥַˡֱԾԱЩϢ
ãҲɣ߶ǰ
ͬʱ»ְǰʮɵۣҲԼٶȣźɫŷȥף桢߾档
ռ䵽ں³ţûκ谭
ں³źֲֿѹ̼ʧˡں³֮⣬ֺܵأʱҲƾʧ³ţǱһͨĳš
սǰȥɣһˣɽַףԾ˵
Ե˵ͷ
ʮɵۣһں³ϴ³ŵĳʮɵʱ䣬ſŵľͷ
˵ǾͷҲȷΪһεĺ³ţǶ뵽աھΣԵ˴Ӻ³޷ġȻˣ߾ˣԺַڿ϶Ƚ˽⣬ǿַֹܶһˡ
λһ
һԪɵ۸ߺһ漴³ŵľͷӰ֮ʧں³֮С
Ҳȥɣ߾濴˿ף棬ֿ˿ԣַڣûʲôΣա𣬾Ǹܵõıˡ
³ϵߣ³ŵľͷ
ʱ򣬺³ڿռڱǳԣȫʧһֺɫ£ں³ʧҲƵľʧ
ֱ³źͺɫʧ籮ɵǣŶָ
Ҳ֪սǷԮһҡͷЩε
ͷ۹ĶѾˡ
£ս֮أ֮ضԾս϶ʱע۵ʱͻȻսλϣ˵һ㡣ս
ţϣˡֵ˵ͷ

Ǻַڲ˰ɣԿܵĻ
ܣ߾ˡֻһˡ
ַڣɫȽ͸ż䡣
˵ַŵʱ䣬ֻͨмꡣ
ҶϹںַرպԸҡ˵ںַر֮ǰҵþܵǿһЩʵ
ҵʵ۹漶ﲫɱƴ϶û⡣
۹漶ɱš
ͥۡ
ۣͥԾûаˡڵʵͥ۽֣ܱסҲס


3092 ʧ
ƣںڰߵϡ
ߵ򣬶΢Ƽӹ̣ǰԪռɵ޷ӵеġ
ڰԪռ䣬ɫߵ޷ֱչֳʵϰɫߵԾսίʵкܴİ
΢磬ǬһǬǧػʩչ߶ʱаɫߵӳ֡
˵ߵھԵơ
ԵĶ̴ʱ϶̣㣬Ԫʱ򣬾ЩԪɵҲֻС˰ԪǾ͸СеСˡԪڵʱ䣬Ԫ֪ٱһɵ۵ڰԪҲֻСɣ
гʱ䣬ԪƬаԪռԴɴﵽԪ޵СۣͥҲ°ܽǣûгԣʱ䡣
Ҷ۽֣ȷʵûκεİաһ۵ֶΣʸϵĻԪɵ۶޷
ôҲãģǽ߾ȫս
ȵַرգǺҶҪսҾսһ
Կʼַ̽ڲ
ֵַطԲİСһ·ҲָؾСȵȡַҲǲࡣ
ַֻǸΪ߼ڡ
ַ֮ǰǺɫţǺɫ£̺ױȵĴܡڵľԣǵʱҲһС
˵ַڰԪռ䵮ǰʹˡ
ȻַôطضҲйģǱȰԪռ
ܿԪռ䣬ΪڻԪռ䵮֮ǰ
ַڣŴֻԪɴ˿ɼһضǳĸ߶ˣֻǲ֪׷ʲô飬ŵһ𡣡
֮̽УǰУ̽еķ֣Ҳ֤ʵ˾Ե뷨طǰȷʵйΪɨżܷһЩԫľӲ֮¡
ַеĻҪӴ󣡡̾ѹ־һδοлԪռɵ۽Ҳûַܽȫ̽˵ĿǰΪֹԪռĻԪɵǣַ̽һС֡
ʱһĹȥ
תۣѾںַڷһʱ䡣
˫üһЩԾĵط
ԣطƺڼʱ֮ǰ
˼ʱôط۾ܣҲϸĶա
Ȼûпǣǿ󣿼ʱ֮ǰĵطٶȾʱܹó
Ȼ
ˣǱһУôʱַص֮ǰĵطĿֹͣ˷С
ѵһ󷨣
ôᣡ˿ûоתҽһƬڣ֪󷨵Ĵڣ
Ҫ֪ԱҲǼʦȻҪǷϣǺʵġ
ܹңҲоڵ󷨡⣬Ƕô󷨣Ծ
ڰԪռ䣬ڷ۹ҲʶٴЩ󣬶ǳǿֲɱɸ͸Щ󷨵Ĵڣ㲻ء
ԽȫתԼյߵ򣬸ΪϸµĲ̽
յʱ
󷨣һ󷨴ڡ
󷨲ûжҽκεĹתʽҲܶأǼѷְ¶һĨ˷ܵı顣
󷨲ףǷ󷨵Ĵڡ
ܿ죬
طڵ󷨣һ󣬴ҲʲôΣգȻڴַرմӶͳ
ʱҪԵǣδڳȥ
˼Ƭ̣ȡ׽߶΢ǰձһն˳ȥ
ǿʱڿռ֮ڡâ貣˺ŲԶĿռ䡣
Դ߶ĽâǺױڿռ˺ѳһӣҲ֤ʵˣȷʵһ֮ڡ
ſռݻϣһһγ֡âڷλãٶȽռ˺һξԳû˺ѿλ롣
ʲôԴѷס壬̾ͷ֣Լվԭĵطδһ㡣
ʵʵ˺һռ䣬ѷ촦룬Ȼ󿴵ܻԼǰλá
һ޷ƵĿֲ㺣ھӿ
⡭Ҳ̫һЩɣ⵽ôĴ󣬾ڿռҲ˵ĸ֮ǰҾһ㶼ûԵͳĻصܡ


3093 
˿Լ侲
Դ˵ȴǲκΰġ뱻ֱַرգ;ܼꡣ
أü˼
̫߼£֪תѣҵȻ͸ˡ
ķѴʱһŲ飬ǵȺַرҲδܹҵ󷨺ġҪôֻǿĻʾ̫ˡ
ֻһˡ
һ֣ܼһЩ
Կ˼ڤ룬ȷʵѰЧİ취ƽ󷨣߳ȥ
˼һʱԺͷ
ô죿
ţȵַرգץץԼͷ
ʩչ˲ƣͨ˲ܷ뿪󷨵ķΧҲʧˡʩչ˲Σֻصԭ㡣

Ե۾ܿռ䣬һߵȵ󷨣Ȼһ뵽һֵһԵİ취
ԿɣԵж
ȴԼĴ﷨ڣȡ˴ĲϡԱʦʱ볢Եİ취ڣԼٲһ󷨡
벼õ󷨣ȻʲôҪһ󲢽סǳ˵Σ٣ΪԼԶԶòǵܹƴ˵Ĺ
ԭܼ򵥣žֱʩչǬһ˺Ѵ˵ؿռ䣬Ƶ㲼óܣԼǬһĹ󷨣Ҳƿ
Բõ󷨣̽󷨡
ڰھǰģֻһ·ҵ󷨺ġֻҪҵģҪԼ򵥶ˡҵ󷨺ģͨһ̽飬ǲ֪Ҫʱ䣬ûôʱ˷ѡ
һµʱ䣬ԽһĿǰܹó߼̽󷨲˳
ܲУͿһˡǲУҾҪڴ˵أֱַرˡҲ
뵽취ϣƿģʵΣûס
ú׾ʯΪ̽ṩʹողúõת󣬾Ա߶׽һǰĿռ䡣
ھʩչǿһЩʱ򣬾Ҳ̽鵽ó̽󷨣ȴǽŴ
ĺģǲͬģ̽󷨣Ҫҵͬĵطһλá
ϷӦ̽󷨵תƣԵࡣ
ǰĿռ䣬̽󷨳̽Ѱп󷨺ĵλá
֮
̲סЦ
ǲף
Ϊһ󣬱ǷôĹ򣬻ΪרŲóһ̽󷨡򲻸ˣĺŦǱԸˡ
ԭͲԵŦ
ƻŦ󷨺ĴݻٵʹܼתȻͿԾ˵Ͳˡյʱ䣬ĺŦ㱻ݻ٣תƺҲͣ
Կ˿ܣһοٷ뿪
֮һ뾰Ե֮ڡ
ȻǴгˡҪȻӦ޷ⶰᡣѹеļ
ʼķᡣ
ַڣǰ̽鵽һЩľӲµĲԫ档ַнȷ֮¡ھģȴһĽЩԫһ
˷ִܷ˷Ĳˡ
ַǼʮϰſһΡ˵ټʮʱ䣬ַڶǰⶰᣬȴ˳ȾǱȽϼª¾ǲݷӣȴ˥ܵϢ
ͨ̽飬ȷûκסǾǻΪһһֱʹá
棬бԴȡ
ڿƬ̺󣬾ⶰ˹ȥֱľ֮ǰûκε谭
ⶰľţֻҪһƣȻƿ
ܲôˣȥǡа
ƿľţ˽ȥľ̽ʱһ
ֻԿڼ򵥵þ֮߰ͷ𶯣е˼顣
Ϊþߣֻһʯʣ͸ĵɶңͨĵ򣬶ߵɡ
ЩþߣǱȽͨĿʯ̶ɣԪռӦоãҪپҪ١ڣߵζת⡭Բһģȷʵ͸Ų˼顣
˵ǣڵþߣճʯʣóȥǼֵ˵ıˣΪͨЩƷܹߵ


3094 
ʯʯʣʯ
ӣȴԴ޴𶯡
ʲô˵ľԾ̾
֣ʯܵߵɸΪǿҡ
ܲ²⵽Щþ߲ߵɶԭ򣬾ʹЩþߵλڣӵдλ´ڳʹùУǱĬ֮£ЩΪͨߵɶ
ﵽĲΣŻЧͲǾܹ׼ȷµˡ
ַȻڶࡣ
һݷڣҲд˵ջ񡣡תĿϸݷڲ
ʯþߣԲûǿҵԸҪߣΪлԪƬ
˵ȵþߣڻԪռɵ˵ǲϧһд۶ҪõĶɾԶԴȴ̫
ʲôԿݷһڱϣһ⻬ƽ
ɫ⼸ڱڽȫһԾԽݷ֮δ̾ͷڱڵĲͬ
߹ȥϸ鿴
ʡǴδĿ
ųڱڽӴ
ˣԵڱڣʱһΪϢӿ˻
˲Ϣ֮䣬ԴڱϣõϢ
˺´£ʹͽ֮һۣ
Ϣеһ仰ݡ
Ϣˣֽһλк´۵Ĵ¡
Ժ´λߣ롣
ڵĵط־ͽкַȻ´йء
ֻǡ
λ´ۣǺεϢˣԳƿۣȴǺ´۵¡ңۻԳʹͽ֮һ˿´Ӧʹͽλֻ֮һľתͷ
ܹ˵أ˵´Ե
Ե߽лᣬõ´۴
´۴Ե¡
ϢھԺӿʱȻ̣ܶȴǵõ˴Ϣ
ȻȻĻԪռ䡣ԲԽĵ˵ͷ
֮ǰȻв²⣬Ԫռڣֻǲ²⣬ÿԺܴ󣬵ʼǲܰٷְٵȷȻڣԿȷȷʵĻԪռڡ
ڱУԵõϢܶࡣ
λ´ۣһԪռˣƿԪۣǺ´۵һ׷ߡ
Ȼһ죬´ƿصĻԪռ䣬ȴ֡߼ǿ´۶޷⡣´ǿɵսվǲС´ƿصĻԪ˵Ǳ߿ơ
´ۣµĿۣ־Ե뿪һԪ´ۣº»ԪĻ֣δɽ𡣿ǣ뿪Уȴܵߵ׷˳Ҳش޷ָ
۱¿飬ͼδܹѰҵʺϵĿʹú´Եˡ
ַȻΣҲкܶܶһԪռɵ۽ܵ˼ݷģֻˣ⻹ԡھ֮ǰֻһ
ھ֮ǰǸˣδͨ۵µĿ飬Ҳûܵõ
Ҫܿ۵Ŀ飬һ¡ǣԱԣغ»Ԫռ䡣
Ϣ֮Уδ˵ǺǾ˲õĶ
ʹùͨʯʯʵܲߵɣɼ۵жôĿֲȻۻֻǺ´һ׷ߣǺ´۵ǿ󣬾ӹˡ
˵ĺǺ´۱־Եı
ıƽ֮
վڱ֮ǰ΢Щԥ
ԵȻõ´۵ĺп۵Ŀ飬ҪԲС
ڣԵԼԲǺܴҵɼӰ졣ֻۣҪߣ֮󣬶غ»Ԫռ䡣Ǻܿķ룬ڵңǸ϶ǲʮǧѰ˼š
Ҳ΢ԥһ¡
Ļᣬܴأ
Ȳ˵滹кҶ۵ɱûкҶ۵вҲ״Ȼᡣ΢ɣԱԡ
ԣѵǶڱڽ˵һ飿üֹ
Կ
һ£ҲԼʲôʧ
ԽԼҪ˵Ļ֣صĶڱ˵һ飬Ȼڱں޷Ӧ
Եġҡҡͷ
ţҵõϢӴڱڡ
תУԱһ£߶Ϣڱ֮ϡ
ˣ
ȻڱٴνӴһϸ΢촫ڱڵı棬ʱеĹ˸
ţԱеһɵڱӿȫǡ


3095 
ڱ֮ϣոӿԱ˲Ϣ֪
ɵв̺κιܣԾԲûд߶ֿ
ڱӿĵ˳סԵһ̣Աʧڱ֮ǰ
֮󣬾ԷԼѾһռ֮ڡ
̾ͿԼͷϷһɫɫϢȾˣĿֲѹ
ĪǣǾǺ´۵д⡣
Ѿ֣ԼϷյĺɫʵڽַ֮ǰɵǰֹĺɫ¡ֻʱ˿Ǻɫ£棬ԿǺɫԲ¡
ûȾ˼Ǹ࣬ռڳһɵ΢겨󣬾ԿǰԶһӰֳ
Ӱ壬ʵ塣ңԸ֪жϣӰֻһƲлѣٷ֮һǿȶûСĲл꣬ǲܶԾԲв
ԵߣӭҵĿռ䣬ǿۡл꿪ڶԾ˵
лʱǳû۲졣лĽɫۣͷڣĿϣһģ
лԳΪۣӦǿµлꡣ
ǰԹԿ۲л
۵Ĳлֻǿžԣ˵Ե뿼ռ䣬˵ԡ
۵Ĳл꣬һ˵ķʽڴϢ뾰Իɴƶϣµģȷʵֻ̺һƲл꣬ûǻۡ
ԵҪõ´۵ıԺµĿ顣ͨɵõ۲л˵
ǰڲݷʱ򣬴ڱϵõϢ۾Ѿ˵úԵҪú´۵һԣڶҪͨ顣
ԵҪ֮ڣҿƿʹá۵ĲлֱۣԶĿռڣֵĵ֮
ʶתĿֵĵ
ڣɹΪͨ顣ʧܣ鲻ͨ۲л޸
ȻδӦ򣬵Ҳ֪ض߼ĵ
Ѱĵ֮ɵ۵򲢲¡ߵѶȿɾʹˣһɵһҲҪʱķѴľ
ԵߣԿʼԵвˡʱ䣬̿ʼ㡣۵Ĳл꣬仰˵󣬱𽥱õȫʧھǰ
ֻʱ䡣
ʱܽȿѶȡҲ飬̱ǰӽһЩߵ򣬶ų֪
ΪֵģԸ֪ף˵ԣһ𾳽ߣҲܸ֪Ȼܸ֪һ£һ¡
ף
⡭ԵֱӴı͵һ䡣
ڰ׵򣬾ȻһǺڵһǰ׵򡣡ȷʵû뵽ֱǺڰֵ
ȷʵ߼ĵ
⿼飬ֱǸһ㣡漴ϲõ
ڰԪռ䣬ߣϵԪϼµСͨߡеġģȫǺڵ򡣿˵Ƕ԰ɫ˽⡣
İɫֻͨĵ֮ǻԪɵǣȻԱȽɵĲǣߵ򣬰ԪռĻԪɵǣҲֻ̾Ϊǲֲ֪
Ԫʱ͵õܶԪƬԪƬռ֮ڣкڰߵ򡣿ǣʱҲֻܲɫߵ򣬶Ժɫߵȫһͷˮ
ǵ˰Ԫռ󣬴ӵͼĺɫʼѭ򽥽ӴԽԽ߼ĺɫںڵϴﵽ۷ӽɵ۵ʱ򣬲ųɹĲԪƬռһɫߵ
ǰԪռɵǸ߸ͥ˵أܿ۵Ŀ飬ӴɫʱҲֻܸɵۡǣֻȥԲɫߵ򣬶԰ɫʵΪ
ΪˣԲžϲţֱΪԼΪԲɫߵ򣬻ܲɫߵ
˷ʱ䣬ͿʼвɣţȴӰɫߵʼ˾
յĺɫߵҪհɫߵһЩȽϵĻںɫߵϵҪȰɫߵǿһЩԣԴӶԼ˵ԸһЩİɫߵʼա


3096 
ֱӶֵߵвǱͨԪƬռߵҲöࡣ
ԪƬڣڰдĵһʽ֮ǰȻҪԵĶɸѡժһߵͨһ֮ʱҲòֹΪԪƬĵкܶ඼ǲģǿģֲȱߵԾڵ޷ɹġ
˵ʱھǰֵߵܷ㡣ֻǣܷٵĲվ˵ˡ
סɫ򣬾߶ȼУת
ֻƬ̣Ծ֪֮飬ߵ򣬲ѶȺܴΪĵӳ̶ȣҪڻԪƬھԲߵ֮ϡ
׼ߵ򣬺ܿǾдԵĵ֮
ʱľûоȥһЩ߰Ķȫ񣬶ڲ֮ϡ
ʮ󣬾ͣ˶ԵĲ
һ½ȣüͷ
ʮʱ䣬ȣȴֻаٷ֮һӡ
Ľȣɫߵ򣬶Ҫһǧʱ䡣ֻۣʱ䣬ҪڰߵղС
ȥУҡҡͷ
Ŀһתٿ䣬жöʵ
öʵǾͨսλõģλսʮõĽöʵǰδʹá
ֻʵԿˣϣЧһ⣬ŵʵ
ʮĲþԵЩƣ롣Ϊ˴ߵѶȸԶԾԵҲࡣ֮£ҲЩԲ
Խһöʵ̷ȥ
һˬ⣬ʱȫͺ캬һö顣
壬̸ͷųʶ̶̺ʱ䣬ƣһɨա
оã
ʵǺöϲޱȡ
ֽעŵǰɫߵ棬в
һº󣬾ͣ˲Ϊٶȸеƣ롣ǰʹõʵЧѾʧȥˡ
ԲһһµĲȡ
Ǵﵽ˰ٷ֮ˣȺ󣬾ޱϲ
ʮİٷ֮һһаٷ֮ŵĽˡ
һ£ٷ֮˵ĽȡҲ˵ĲȣԼֻҪһһʱ䣬ҾͿԽɫߵˡĵ˵ͷ
ǰ̷ʵҲþԵǿȣһǾԼܹо
ʵԪǿ߶ۺԴ
ҺãҺǽ籮磬ҵõ˴ʵǲʱߵ򡣡ԲɵЩҡ
ǽ籮õʵǾԼԵɺϵܿ۵Ŀ飬Ҳض޷ͨʧܣǲܵõ´۵
Խڶöʵ̷ڡ
ƣ룬һɨա
һµʱ䣬Զ԰ɫߵĲһﵽ˰ٷ֮ʮߡ
º󣬾Զ԰ɫߵĲһﵽ˰ٷ֮ʮ
ĸº󣬾Զ԰ɫߵĲһﵽ˰ٷ֮ʮ
һʱ䣬Ĺȥˡ
һգ˫Ŀĺһ
ɹˣ
ɫߵǱˡޱϲı¶
һһʱ䣬ʮöʵǿȣҲŽΪԵȻԣķȲ̫󣬿ɼ˵ķȣҲڶԪϼǿĽˡ
һʱʮöʵɲһԪϼɵ۶еġߴ۹ĻԪϼɵۣҲû취Ƶʹʵ
ߵ򣬹ȻԪƬڵߵЩͬص㡣ת֮䣬֮ת磬ǿʢ
Ǻɫˡϣһ˳⣬ɫĲӦһ֮ھͿɡĿ⿴ɫߵ
ڶݵ̷֮ʵӿǺɫߵ
ԲɫߵٶȣȲǰɫߵ΢Ŀһ㡣ԡ
ʵĸԲɫߵҲûʲô谭
һʱȥ
ۣΪԵߵĺɫߵҲΪ˳Ĳ˳
ڲɫߵĹУһʹʮöʵĵʱ䣬ҲȲɫߵԼĪʮҵӡ
ɹˣתٿһ¸ողĺɫ
Ũĵ֮ʱⲢĿռھһɺܲ
Ѳ͸գ۵Ŀ飬Ӧͨ˰ɣֹͣٿصĿܡ


3097 Ԫ
۵Ĳл꣬ڿռڻ֡
Ҳûڣ۵Ĳл޷ͨſ۲лǡ
Եߣϲ㣡㣬ͨõĿ顣
õ´㾡Ѿ㡣
Եߣұ㽫̨㡣˻Ԫǿ֮һõһҪá
ԵߣҪµԣ
۵Ĳл꣬ھǰ
ԭھͷĺɫԲ£ȴ𽥵䣬䵽˾Եǰ
ԭ̨Ŀ⿴ǰɫԲ״ı޷ƵЩ
ֻǲ֪βٿʹų́ת
̨ϣޱȵĵ򲨶º͵תš
ָ֣Ŀ̨̨ϣ˿˿⡣
̨δִԵĴ
ͨ˿飬ӵеǫ̃ʸڵľԣĄ̊́ˣ̨Բִԡ
ھ֮ͨǰǾҪ˱ǲܰ쵽ġ
̨ǿ̶ȣǾҲδڻԪмԪԪûд˵ȼıЩԪ챦
Եĵ۱׽ڰԪռ䣬ܣҲܹϵ۱һڵ۱῿Ȼ׽תĵ̨ȣС׼ˡ
׽ĵؼѰȼϸߣվߵ
̨ĵߵ򣬶ҵӴ
ָں̨ϣų̨۲ڲ졣
Ƭ̺󣬾ü
̨Ĺ죬ǳӣԿڲĽṹҲȫİ޷¡ȷһ㣬̨Ǽ򵥵Ĺ߷
ڹϣƺΪһЩ
ԻҪһ˽̨ʱһռڣٶе֮٣
һ̣Ա㱻ͳһռ䣬»صǰĲݷ֮С
Կ˿ܣսʱûʲô仯
ʯʯʺʯ
ǰڱڡȻź´۵̨
ҽַڣѹʱ䡣ַرգҲûˡѰ˼š
δӺַȥضսҶ۹ǺҶۣǶڵҡǸЦ
еĺ̨
˽ʹų́õǿıʹãܷܣǴӺַȥԶԿҶۺͺҶ۹ǿߡ
Եߣ
ʱ򣬿۵Ĳлֳˣݷ֮С
Щ棬ԭΪֻǷų́ĿռСԾ͵ɴ۾Ϊ֪ʱǰĿۣ겨֮ǰǿϺܶࡣ
ǰ۲лǿȣԶﲻİٷ֮һֻǧ֮һڣǰĿ۲л꣬ȴ֮ǰлҪǿʮֹ
һΣ۲лϱҲ˸ı仯
ǰпٵתֹ֣߼
ų́Ŀռ䣬۲л޷ʱǰֵĿ۲л꣬ȴδز
񡣡۲лԾ԰˰֣ƺ¶Ц⡣
ȻǰĲлܹ꣬
ԣĵ˿
Եߣк۲лʾԡ
ԡԵԼ֡
ԣ㼴õ´۵ҲǺ»Ԫˡֻǣ»Ԫѱռ㻹ܻȥ۲л꿪ڣԾ˵
˵»Ԫռʱ򣬿¶ʹı顣
ǰ㹻ǻغ»ԪԽӿ˵
ãܺáȻڣʵСһЩ´۵ĺ̨ʵԸٵĳɳң츳ҲܸߣҲֻʱ䣬Ԫ򡣡۲лͷ˵
Ԫ򣿡Ե˵ۡ
ǵһ˵ʲôԪ
֮ǰں̨ķÿռ䣬򣬽ԪĪǣߵƣԪ
ԣԪԪ֮Դ֮档
ԣȵԼݻԪǲﵽĵüۿžԡ
ݻԪǰԪռıԴ򣬲Ѿ𣿻ݻие󣬱˳
˵仰󣬻һٿһԼյߵڲݷ֡
ǰ㿴յЩѾġܰߵ򣬻ݻͬʵ


3098 ֱԴ
ԪƬĸߵǾԽҲַ֮ǰӴԴĵ֮
ԪռڵһеھԿԴͷߵ
ԪռڵżؾǵĵеľǻԪƬԪƬԪһδδڴУһЩԴûȫдЩԴʾǻԪƬ
һУƺԤʾŻԪƬڵߵ򣬾ԭʼϵĵ֮
ԾԲ׿۵˼ߵ򣬻ݻ
˭˵ЩԪ򣿡ۿ˿Բٿصĵû˵һ䡣
ԳԾ
յЩ򣬲ǱԴѡԪ뱾ԴܻΪһ̸𣿡۵žԵ
˵˶ԪôܻС
ǰҲǼ򻯹Ԫ򡣷򣬱˵꣬Ƕʮ꣬Ҳܲ򣡡۵
ԭԿЦЦ
ԭ֪յߵ׼ȷ˵ӦýԴ
ǰԪܽӴų́ɽв𣿡Ŀ¶ʣѯʿۡ
㻹ʵʵձԴɣֻ˵һ䡣
֮⣬СڵûʸȥƿԪ
ǰǰ˶Ԫ򣿡ʵ
ֻһԪԪ򣬹оϸ˵Ӧ˵оࡣһҲһࡣȻ˵һѵá´ǵȾž޿ţҲֻԪѡ
ԣݻһԪ򣬱̤üˡƿһԪԪռ䣬㶼ɳΡ۶ԾԽ͡
üͷ
˵ǰ֮ǰҽ㿼ʱģԪ𣿡
СӣҲ˵ģǼ򻯵µԪԪȣܽ򻯵ںΪһǴԼ˰Ԫ򣡡ֵˡ
ЦЦ
ڿ۵ĲлǰȷʵԵЩ֪
ܲ򻯰ԪҲǷǳ֮ѵˡ
ڵĻԪռ䣬κһɵ۹ûʱǾԣûǰõʵҲ
ԣַĿģ߽Ȼ󣬴ѡʵԱִƺ̨Ȼ¹ȥʸõߣҲ˶ѡ㣬һ
֮ǰһߵãûͨ顣
Ѿҵ㣬Ϊִ´ִ̨ߡַԺҲͲҪٶ⿪ˡ
룬ھ͹رպַɣһļСӣȥ
ۻԾ˵
ⷬȴǲ⽹ĵǰܷһЩʱ䣿
ţüžԡ
ǰ֪ںַ⣬һǿСڵǻսʤַرգҴȥǿпܻҲɱһʱ䣬һЩԴгȥɱԶԿ۵Ĳл˵
⵹ްŸ˱ͳȥҲҪβԴȻﲻ٣඼ʵõĶ̺ԴҲȽ١۲лҡͷ
ǰдɲԴ򡣡ȡһԪƬ
ֻԪƬһۣ˵СһȻбԴƬ
һǼ򵥶ˡЦЦ
ǰԪƬȻ̺Դ򣬵󲿷ֶǲȱġѰıԴ򣬽һҪķѴʱ;
ܼ򵥰̾һ
СӣЦݸ˵Դ߶̨Ժ̨ͷֻԪƬ
Ŷһû׿۵˼
԰ɣ
̨ڵ㣬ܹȫھʹõġֻǷ롢ַΧܴڵıԴڿʹá۲лָָԪƬԾԵ
ã
Ӧתӿ̨Դ߶
̨ϣ̱һӿ֣ԿǻԪƬ
ʱ𾪵ľ֡ǻԪƬڣһ򣬾ֱֳÿһԴɵ룬ڿռڣҲھԵǰ
ԪƬڣһֳһٶԴ򣬺ڰֵȡ
Եĺ޷ƵЩ
ԴӻԪƬֳǶ򣬿ɾͼ˲֪ٱ


3099 ȱ
Ŀȣ
̨ȻǷȲ˵ֱԴһ˾̾
ԣЩֳıԴ򣬽ԪƬռĵЩȱ֮򣬺ֱ̨ӺԵˡֳ֮Ҳ޷ա۲лԾԵ
Ҷлǰָ㡣۲лл
ظлңҲϣܸΪʵ۲лԾ԰˰ֵˣҾͲӰˡȥʱڲںҼɡ
۵Ĳл꣬ʧڲ֮У˵ʧھԵڡ
Ҳһ̣뾰ͬʱַ߾桢ףȾԪɵۣͬʱͳ˺ַλԪɵۣԶһջ
ˣͬʱڽ籮
籮ɵ۵ʱû뿪
ˣͬڴ˵ûзԼĵ۹
ˣ
ַˣͳˡ
һκַرպÿ죬ʱɣǰַÿοʱƽҲӡ
ַڣڶࡣʱԽջĻȻҲԽԣַˣȻϣַʱܹһ㡣
߾˱ͳһҲЩ¡ֻʱ䣬ȷʵǶˣжԿʱԤڡ
£˳ˡս
ţҶ۹ǱߣҲҪȡж˰ɣһԶˣĿ߾֮ѰҾսӰ
£սأսҲһ˫۾
ַɵۣͳʱλһڣֻоɵۣսӰС
ô£ҲδΡ
ַرգߣȫͳһΣôֻ߾桢ףȾɵ۱ͳսѵںַڣ
սôڣ
ûս񡣡
ֻоλǿɵ۱ͳȱսһˡ
սǲһˣ˵Ҷ۹𣿾սΪܿҶս԰ĵˣɵ۴⡣
Цôܣһֱ￴ţûս񡣱ַͳ㾰սٶٿ죬ҲôǰûоȻ뿪ɣɵ۷˷˵
ҲǣǣΪʲôսû
᲻ںַڣ
ɣδ˵нַɵۣСַǰǣҲ˵ַûʲôΣסȥˡ
ӵ쳹ڽ籮
߾ףˣҲ໥ӡںַڣǷֿģ˴˼ǣȻҲսûбͳô¡
£˵ս᲻ںַս񼫵͵ʵ
пܣսѰˡǲΪսղûбͳ˵
ʱڽ籮ԶһοռڣʮӰ
ЩӰÿһϢǼǿĻԪɵۡ
ǣǺҶ۹ɱԵһȺˡʮɵУԪϼɵ۾ռһ룬ˣҲ׼Ԫϼɵۡ
պյǿߡ
ΪնɱԣҶ۹Ķκνǲϧһдˡ
άͶӳ⡭ԺûдӺַһԪɵۣΪ֮˵
֧׼ɱԵСӣӵĶӳֽά͡άɵۣǺҶ۹ڲʵǿߡսսҲ١
άͶӳüȻҲ׷ʲôѾһʱˡǣǴȺַرգԱͳͻȻɱֽΧɱġ
֧СӵĳԱڷſ߾˱ͳ󣬼Ҫɱ籮ˡ׼жʱ򣬷ǱͳֻоŸˣԲС
СȷʵڡһĿŽ籮򣬿˵
άͶӳô죿ȥһͷԪɵάɵۡ
ȱżҴѶ硣άͶӳһº˵
ȡѶҶ۹Ķκ硣
ʲô˼ʲôкַرգûӺַάɵ۽κ򵥵Ľܹκŭ㴫ˡ
£ȷʵûдӺַͳģֻоŸˣΨȱپԡһֱȷһ㡣ھûгʲôԭҲö֪άɵ۴Ѷ˵
ģκ·ҧгݡ


3100 ʮ
κǱƣ
Ŀڴͺһʯѹţ
ΪʲôΪʲôɱһԾôѣ
ڶκУǱɱ֮ˡκ޲̽ץʬΣ
ɱԣҲֻǷйзŭϵҶ۹档⾰ԣúҶ۹ܽԻɱһֺҶ۹ڻԪռ
£ôȥάɵִѶʵ
ַһʮˣ֮ľŸ˶Ӻַڴ˳ԣӦûںַڣǽַɱǲܵ飬ƺֻܼȥȵԴӺַǣ˭Ҳ֪Ҫȶá
άɵ۵ʮˣҲһֱںַžԳԼǧ꼸겻ѵЩһֱȥ
ǣɲѰߣڻԪռ䣬ǶǴĴڣ
ٵȵȰɣʵڲУǾȻعȥַӡκȻǿޱȣҲάɵ۵ȻԪɵԼ׼Ԫϼɵ۳ںַ⡣
ֻǣ̾άɵ۵˻
ǣ£άɵӦ
κѾô˵ˣٵһȱǡϼ꣬ûдӺַʱǻзغҶ۹
ʱںַ۲ڵľԣǲַ֪֣֪Ҳᡣ
ԵעѷŵǰһԴ֮ϡ
ںֳ̨ıԴһ֣ǾѾյġڲĵ򣬾ǲҪķʱ;
֮󣬾Ծóʵ̷״̬ѡ
󣬱ԱԴв
ʹų́ԪƬ̺ߵ֣þԲǳķ㣬֪ʡ˶ʱ;
һ򣬾Ծ̲סһϲ⡣
ʵĸ֮£ԲЩԴٶϷǳݡ
ҵʱ䣬һɫԴ
Ҫ֪ڷ۹ؾʱԴ򣬵˺ڣһԴҪķʮʱ䡣
ȻʱԴΪҪķѴʱ𣬿Ҳ˵ʹʵԴЧ侪ˡ
ʹʵԴҲ˷ѣΪ̷ʵǿҲ㲻ԴҪǿȣҲ̷ʵС
ˣԱģĽһԴա
Լʱ֮ЩֳıԴ򣬳ȥ֮ǰѾյģıԴ򣬾ԾԲɹ
ˣյıԴ򣬴ﵽһٶʮкɫԴɫԴࡣ
žͷתֳһٶԴ򣬽ɢڿռڡ
ԣȡһԪƬʼʩųֻ́ԪƬڵıԴ
һεĻԪƬȵһóĻԪƬҪһЩֳıԴҲһЩɨȷڶֳıԴһʮӡ
Իü
ôظıԴ򣿡ԿǰһԴ
ڶֵıԴһֵıԴкܴһظġ
ʵģԪƬռڵĵ򣬶ԴڻԪԴĻԪԴôıԴӦȫͬġ
ֻھӵеһЩƬÿһƬеĵ򣬿ܲŻһЩ
ܼ򵥡
һԪƬڣЩѵıԴ򲻻ֳвֶѵڵڶԪƬģͿֳ
ʱ䣬ٴʮԴ
һԼӵеһԪƬ˳ԪƬа˵ĸ߶ȣǰԪƬöࡣ
֮ĻԪƬ̺ǸһЩ
һ߶ӿ̨̨ų龰ĻԪƬ
ˣ
һƬֶ
ЩֳıԴڿռڿƶƬ̺ھǰ
ãðԱ΢΢
ԪƬڵԴ򣬾нӽ֮ࡣһЩѾյıԴظδģӦгһɣЩȣ̷ʵв
Ϊ²ıԴ࣬ԳʱҲǳ˺ܶࡣ
˶ʮ꣬ԲŽβˣյıԴһٶ
ǰյıԴϣһﵽپʮһңǺɫԴ
˶ıԴ򣬾ԵʵȻҲǴﵽһǳ˵ĵز
˴ںַڣһŴʮʱ䡣


3101 
ַ֮ǰյıԴʮѡ
ȻʱԱڽ籮ǿɱս
ս񣬱ΪԪһս
ʮʱȥյıԴﵽӽ֮ࡣľԣʵϣǱʮǰǿöࡣ
ʱҺҶ۹ҶˡĿ˸
ڳȥ֮ǰҪյıԴҵ΢ƥ䡢ںϡҵһ˴ıԴҲҪһЩʱ䣬߶ɱеʱԲڻͨĵ˵ͷ
ֳּԪƬֳıԴ򣬴඼ԼյġµıԴǱȽ١
þԾҪ뿪ַˡ
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չȥǻԪռȫ𡣻Ԫ飬Ҳȫʵڲ̼·
̣Ƿʲô취ܹúڰױԴָƽ⡣ƽԪٵԿ۲л˵˳
꾰Ե˵ҡͷ˵ܹó
ԣ˵ֻ˵ĻԪռ䲢ĻԪռ䣬ǺڰֱԴڵġڰױԴ򣬲ںϳΪһֵȴǾԵĶľ棬㡣۲л껺˵
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۲л˵Ļ⡣ǣȴһܴ
ⰵԪռȻûȥ֮ӣҲ֪Ԫ֮ӵֱԴ򣬲ڵģҲμ̬
ǣԪռΪûдв
ǰڵĻԪռ䣬ҳһԪռ䡣֮һԪռ䣬ҪΪѰңܹǰһԪռĴ𡣡
һԪռ󣬾֤֪һԪռ䣬δ𡣡Դɻʵ
۵Ĳл꣬ȴЦ
ԣʲôһԪһԪģ˵Ԫ״ҿ϶ʵһԪѡֻһԪڵʱ򣬳һЩʣԪΪˡ
ΪҲûۼᣬԲ̫һԿ϶ʵ㹻ǿָܹԪռºġĻ㵣ĵʲôԪ𣬾Ͳˡ۲лЦ󣬶ԾԽ͵
Ե
һԪռ䣿ֳ棿
ϸϸһ˼ˣԪֻаɫԴ򡣰ԪֻкɫԴ
ڰԪΪʲô𣬿϶Ҳԭġȳȥ󣬻˵ԼʵΪǿӦþ֪еԭڡ
Ҳ˵ˣԵʵ㹻ˣͿɺԪռ䡣
лǰͽ̡
ǰһһ󡣡Իһת
˵ɣ۲л˰֡
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ǰһѣܵشѾɢ飬ɢ塣Ȼûۡ
ǰǷ֪ʲô취ĺѣ帴Щˡ
͛VǱ۵ġܸ͛Vʵİ


3102 ַ
ھ˵͛VͬʮС
ڼ͛V䱻ڣ崦һԾֹɢ״̬ʱԽãؾϣԽС
Ե˵۲л꿴˾һֱۣۡԿһЩӴ顣
̺ܶݣԼĪʱ䶼۲лջ
ݴżء
ԣ޵ɢϸ˵Ѿˡ۶Ծ˵
ɫȻ
Ϊؾ壬ɹˣҲʧȥǰļ䡣˵ܻһİˡ۵Ĳлֵ
ȴһæ˵ֻҪܰ͛Vؾ壬û˼䣬Ҳ޷
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3103 ʧȥ
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⾰ԣ뷨ǲֻǿϧԪ֮ڣӵӵùǺҶ۹׷οҪʱҲ֡

Ҷ۹Щ߲ԱȻžеҶ۹ǿɵӣôܻҶ۹
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3105 Ĵ
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֮ǰƵΧϺɣĳ⣬вػϣҪƵѶȾʹһЩ
ҲûмȥҶ۹ĴţöκԼɱǻ󶼲ҪȽκɱ˳ɱһЩҶ۹ĸ߲Ա
ĿһѾˣڼٴӳԼĶκˡ


3107 һ
ڣ
κִʱֻ΢ͣһ£漴ܿ㴩ϣԱƽ
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вʵǿߣӳŴӿߣǾۼбԵشԵһ棬ڲ
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Ҷ۹Ĺ֮ڣҲвҵߣǽ¿ٵĴ˳ȥǿҵ̽ҲԼĹҸ߲ںҶ۹顣
Ǿս񣡡ָ֮ϵľԣ˵
սϣʮľս񡣡
˵սҶ۹гԹս˵ھսУֻǲ֪١
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κһֱҪնɱԡԣܵҶ۹ĹѰ𣿡
һЩҶ۹ԱԾȻκκøСͨĹҲ޲ɱԣΪɱǵ۹ս
κѾǿ߹ȥˡŰɣƬ̣ǾԱᱻնɱĿⶢžԣҧгݵ˵
սʵɲսǿսһսĴڣնսɱˣвǺҶ۹ߣǲ⾰ԶɱһЩҶ۹ĳԱ
֮䣬κάɵ۵ˣ˾ԵĲԶ
С·㲻ߡ㴳ǺǣִӺַӵԶԶĹӲдҶκû޴ˡκŭ죬žԵ۾Ҫ
գΣҪնɱٶȽ٣ҲٷŹ⾰ԡ
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άɵ۵ʩչĸֶΣǬǧػ֮󣬱˲ƻǬǧػĻռˣһż޴ѹάɵĻԪϼɵۣһʱҲͻƳ
ȴûмɱЩˣάɵ۵˺Ķκ˹ȥת֮£ԵӰٶȣǴﵽ˲Ƶĳ̶ȡ
κάɵ۵ȼʮ۹ǿɵۣһжȫǼȵ𺳣΢ľʧ
ѹǵ˾Ľеı׽ɱ
ôᡭκһ䡣
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λҶ۹ĵͥ۵ͽܣӵеıǳࡣ˷۱֮⣬ڷϼɫĻԪ챦
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ΪǬһʩչǬǧػһЩԸոƶάɵ۵ʹǬǧػƶԶκʹǬǧػҪϼ֡


3108 һնκ
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׽ĽϣâȻ͡
ÿһ˿â̺ɲĹܡ
ڶκǰռ˺ѣɫĹǰ졣֮Уâ£񱩵öκɫҰס
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ǿֲĽ⣬ܿ㽫κһԪ챦۵ĹĻҲڱԴĺ֮£Ѱķ۱ͻԪ챦½
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ǣΧκԡ
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κһҲ鿪׾٣壬ʹĲҽг
κֻһɵۣʧȥ˵ͱķĴ˵ǲһġɵۣ΢һʱ䡣
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ǡЩǽԵһЩ룬ɫûʲô仯ڿռסԪɵ۵Ĺû˵Ե塣
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ΪҶ۹ĳԱǽġ۹ĹǰǶٶһЩԽСΪԴӷ۹սλ֮󣬱ͨĺҶ۹ԱҲ֪ˣҶ۹棬ͥۡ۹ȴûҫ
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κ𣿡
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ǺǡǶκǾս̫ǿˣǿάʹ󹫾ȻԪϼɵֹս񣬶޷˺սѲɣάʹ󹫾ҲǼðģҡͷЦһ˵
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ǣҶԽ٣ҲδܹþսôɣҺҶ浽ڻûϹ󣬺Ҷ۹Ⱥǿɵۣñսɱ٣


3109 ȥδ
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ʱĻˣǾˣ
۹ս͵ھСԺĺҶ۹ô죿
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άɵۣʮҶ۹ǿɵΧԣûüԾʲô˺ʧء
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ʮҺҶ۹ǿɵۣյʱ䶼ͱնɱ֮һӡźҶ۹ǿɵ٣ǶԾԵǣЧҲԽԽȺҶ۹ɵۣնɱƵʳʼٵ̬ơ
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ٲȥˣ
ٲ˵ڣЩɵۣò˶ãͻᱻȫնɱ
άɵۺ⼸Ԫϼɵ۵ɵһ뵽֮ڡ
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ȺɵѡԼɱԼܽȫնɱڣЩɵѡˣǱԣҲûʲôð취¶Է̫ˡϾںҶ۹ıԵԷܽ
ɵ۳òˣάɵۼԪϼɵҲһ£ͬʱߡ
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ȫӵΣԺȵ
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ɵ۸оǿɱϯ֪ǾԶ˹
á
ڼ֮УѡΪĿꡣ
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ɵۣάɵ۵ˣҲ˹ɵ۵Ĵάɵ۱ߵĺһҲͣ
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仰ո˵꣬ǱǬǧػס
ǬһҲǹܹܵģ˵Ǭǧػˡһ֮£Ǳˡ
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ȺҶ۹ǿɵۣ֮ڣõ󷨵ıŵԴϢ
ҴˣǵУҲǷǳӣ֡ŭԼãȵȡǲ֪ԵʵΪʲô˵ǿǵʵֻֻеϢ޷УЩɣԪռ֮ڣǷܹƵסԣǷܹܾԡ
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ֻҪҶ۹Ĺ׺ܶࡣֻҪתԴյıԴȫӲڹľֲһͨӶԽ롣ݻٴѶȾʹ˲֪ٱ
Կ϶ǲֻһͨȻ룬ΪкܴյġܲСһ֮ڣɵۿըټϴɱɾͺ˵ˡʵȻǿմԴ򣬵ǿҲһ޶ȣ΢索Ҳ޵ġ
ܴȻҪģ
ǺǣǾ㱾£ڳڣһս𣿡άɵ۵ڵĵط˵
ԣҲҪſ񣡵ҺҶ۹٣ڡɵ۴Ӧԡ
ҶϹҶҪȥˣ˳˱ǣЦһ˵Ϊڴӻ֮£ҾЩ˶û취Ҿԣ⹷ƨ󣡡
˵䣬ǻ׽ԺҶ۹չ񱩵Ĺ
۹ʹ
սȵ۹߲Աͬһڡ
ǣոյõԺҶ۹˾Ϣ
ո̽ӴϢʱ˶µġ
κˣսֱںҶ۹֮նɱˣ
Ϣһᶼʧ״̬ʧʱֻһͷôܣ


3110 ԪҪ
ھԵҶ۹֮ǰ뾰ԴѶ
֪һǰҶ۹ĹȰЧΪս׶༪ˡ
Ҷ۹Ĺڣжǿɵ۴ڣҶ۹˳ϵǿɵ۶֮ڣԪϼɵ۶кüһȥҶ۹ⲻѰ·
ǲϣɣҲûİ취ҲֻܣԼ۹ĻʹڣŹھɵϢӺҶ۹
û뵽ǣɵϢûдκɱϢȴǴˣ
⣬ôܲ𶯣
Ҷ۹ôǿɵ򣬾սɱκģȻ˵κʵǷǳǿսȻҪ΢ôһ˿˿Ȼκôһȥ뾰Բɱ
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᲻д۲εĴڰг֣ڣз۹ĸ߲㣬ǿĴڰаԶԸҶ۹
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˵Ƿ۹ںҶ۹̽ӴݻϢսȷʵһˡңһҶ۹ʮǿɵ۲ɱʮҶ۹ɵۣвһˣ
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Σǿ۹Ҷ۹ĵɣ½ľսնɱ
վڻԪ˵ĴǣĸоԪռ䣬Ҫˡ
ս񣬽пܳΪһµǶϴڣֻҪҶҲþĪκΣǾսӻԪԼɼˡ

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ۣȷʵǾȫҪԵġ
ҲΪûѡͥʧ
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ţӦȥˣۿЦЦ˵
ȻѡˣҲû취ˡ£Ҳ㾡ľˡ˵
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⡭Щ˰ɣɣ΢΢𾪵ı˵κսɱˣ
ôᷢ£۵۵


3111 ܲ
ԵʵںҶ۹κ֮һ㣬ۺɣͬ
ǵԵɱսնɱ˶κҲԤϡ
ȻǣսںҶ۹Ĺ֮ɱ˶κںҶ۹ڼʮҶ۹ǿɵΧ֮£
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Ҷ۹κѾսɱκ֮⣬жҶ۹ɵɡȻսȴδߵ˼ڹҶ۹Ǵ󡣾սɱ˰ɣۻ˵
ҲǺҶۣս̫ˡսλУҶ۳ɱ˼͛Vλ͛V뾰սĹϵͬѰҿսĴҶҲһġ˵
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ڷۺɣ˵õҶ۹¼ϢͬʱźҶ۹ȥĺҶۣҲõϢ
֪κնɱĵһʱ䣬Ȼŭŭ֮󣬺Ҷ۵ʱֹͣ˲Ƹ·
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ۣкüλҲ¶Źֵı顣Ҷ׼ȥҶ۹նɱԣҲ֪ںҶ۹ΪʲôͻȻ۷еԭҲ
ԶüԷ˵ϵܣ˵ǾսʶġǾ㣬ϵһ¾սͥһˣͬһ´µĽ취


3112 Ϲ
Զ۵̬ȱȽȷھսնɱ˺Ҷ۹һ£ͥҪܡ
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ǣս᲻ӵѶͥһնûС
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λۣͥͥҶ۹ȥ
Ҷ۹Ĵѱƿ˲٣࣬һкܶ໥õġǾԶԴˣҲûõİ취ֻܿԼǿޱȵӲƵ
һƣǾɱҶ۹ĹɾǻȺˡдɵ۶ըҲӦùûǣ֮£ţܹԼģֻٲɵܹ
Уάɵ۵ȺҶ۹߲һֱûɢȥ
дıҲðȫǶۿľԲϵƵǴûֹȫƵֻʱ⡣
Եʵ̫ǿˣ
ÿһ£֮ϣضǹ⻪Ƹ֡
ôûеִ
棬㽵ٰɣ

Ҷ۹ԱźҶ澡ִľԡ
۹󷨣ǹƵġһһ¡
ٶ࣬ҲҪˣȫûߵͷ
Ҷ۹Ĺ֮ڣһˣǾԱɱġˣȽ˫ӣǺҶ۹һŵͳ졣Ƚ˫ӣٵҹ
ԿԲɱˣҲɱȽ˫Ļ˶
ֹһЩʱ䡭
쿴ˣ
ҺҶ۹棬ˡ
治һˣСһŵӰ
潵٣Իܲſ񣡡
ڵˣ֮ϣֵһӰһŵӰһˣǺҶ۹ĵߣҶ档
Ⱥ÷ڣһ˷ܣ
ڵ߿˺Ҷ۵ˣȻǸһͷˡ
ͣ¶Ŀȥ˫ü
ҶһͬЩˣö룬ضҲͥۡңۺȻҲС
Ǻǣλ۽٣Цһ
ҾԵǹˣͥоλ۶Ҷ۹ǡ
֪ǣʱͥھоλڣ۶ڼңԶ޷ҪȻֻʮλ۶ᵽ
СҶ󣬱һ
ڣԱƽ
λۣҲ
ҶϹˡСүңǵˡ죬ԺҶ۵
Ŀеɱ⣬ŨҶϹնɱˡ
ڷ۹ٰսλϣԾͷģɱҶϹ
ԵһҶϹúҶ뷢ţҪ̲סԾɱ
Ҷ۹ڵߣֳ˶ݵļž
⾰ԣȻȻ棬棿
ҶںҶ۹ʲôĵλ˵۹û˸Ҷ治ǱҲ˿ԺҶ۲
㡭СҶŭϢˡ


3113 
Ҷ۶žԵ۾졣
нԵնɱĳ嶯ɳ嶯վǱѹΪȷʵûκΰܹɱԡ
ҲǣҶһ˶Ըԣ֮ǰͲ;۷ͥҪ۳ˡ
ϴۡԶ۵ˣǵִ
ս񣡡ϴ۳һȣɫ̬ȶԴҶۣ
֮ǣԲ֪𱰣
㾰ԣôܹ߸ϵۣͥ
һתϴۡʶϴۣȻйӶϴ˵Ŀǿ˱վںҶϹһߵġ
һЦŶϴ˵ǣ
Ϸϣ֮ͥһϳ
ԭǶϴۡЦЦϴ۸ңҸζԴҶϹ
ԵĻϴۺһ͡ĿУֶݵɱ⡣Ҷ۽ãϣȻȻվںҶһߡʱ̬ȣԾԱΪϲˡ
λλ
Ǻǣ⾰Сſ񣬿ɶʶ˰ɣҵͥУǺ޷ոҳңձҳλҶָžԣ۽¡
۱鲻һûдֱӸͺҶۡ
ݼ档
ʱάɵ۵ҲӳгάɵΪףںҶ۹߲ԱҶۼ
ǰά͵ڳڣΪ˶ܾԵ׷ɱͥǽ٣Բٵı׷ɱ潵٣ǵȻҲҪ
Ҷ۹ĶκսǱնɱ۹ڲҪάɵ۵ˡ
Ҷɨάɵ۵һۣȵһȺһߴȥ
κŪˣҶάɵ۵˺ɫȽ˾ԣҪúôһάɵ۵˵⣬ûܱöκʧְ
άɵ۵ɫһãҲǼΪΣȴǲںҶǰ¶˿ĲһˣԹԵ˵һԵš
սΪҪҶ۹Զ۳Ծʵ
ԿԶۣδüڣ۱ȶԾ˵սλͥԶۡ
ۣǵľԽԶҲˡԶۣڶԾԵ̬ϣӦġ˲ԶۣǿЩԷھԻӦԶ֮ǰȿڽһ²ԶۣѾԡ
һ۽ܣԾȻˡ
֮ǰλϴۣǺҶϹһߵģλԶۣ㲻ƫԼҲضҶϹһӡ
ԶԲԶ۹˹ֿĵҶ۹гԹҲɱǣǾҪɱң
ʵԶ۵ȻҲ֪Եɣ֮ѯʣԱɡռס״һЩңֲЩܴɱߡ
šڽ籮ʱƺɱ˺Ҷ۹ս񣿡Զʵ
ԣʱҲսȶҳ֡Ǻǣսҵ˴ʵ⣬ҪɱҶᱦϧʵ֧θڡ赭д˵
ڽ籮õʵϢʹˣϾʱڳɵ۲١ͥǣȻ֪ܲ£ҲҪ
ſڴƻƣ
ս񲻹Ҫ㽫ЩʵһְˣɱߣǶ˹֣ͬСȴԶʳίʵɺޣҶ۵ͳ
һ֣ͬ
ҶϹȻǲҪĺܰڽ籮ڵ飬Ҳٶ˵ʱٸߵ۹߾Ԫ۹ף涼ڳһȻһЦһ˵
ҶʱǺ졣
ȷʵʱв֤Ŀ̣Ҷߵڰײ̫ܡ
սڽ籮磬ȷʵսдȡɱҲ⡣Զ۵˵ͷ˵ֵ˺Ҷ۹Ҷ۹Ĺ֮ǰѾɱ˺Ҷ۹ĶκͶҶ۹ɵۡ˵Ҷ۹гԹӦҲǱ˰ɣ
ԣҾã㲻Ӧٹµ۹ԼɱҶ۹ԱˡԶ۶һ£˵˵
˼ǣԲҪɱҶ۹ˡ
Զ֣⾰СɱҺҶ۹ôˣ¿ɲܾʹ˽ҹСһҶüԲԶ۵
Զ۵Ĵ취⡣
ҶۣϣŪԵģǴңΨд˲ܷйͷ֮ŭ𡣿ɲԶ۵˼ȴҪϡࡣ
ҶۣºνǻҪһǡԶۿҶ۵Ѿǿɵۣһǰʲô£ǲ̸أ


3114 ɱ
Զ۲뿴ԼնɱҶ۹ɵۣȻҲû֮ͥɱԵ뷨
ս㹻ǿˣ
ͥҲҪ辰㹻غ͵λ
ԻᣬȻо޴Ǳ
Զѣϴ۳
ԶԺҶ۹ɣΪʵӰӡΪҪҶ۹һŹԺ»иЧ£۹ϣάǡϴ۱˵
Զü
ͥڲҲͳһ
źƽ̸еĲԶۣҲƲþսĶϴۡ
Լǣ
⾰С⣬ӡҿԷһ·ԷΪҶ˳Ŷϴ۵Ļ˵
ҪԷΪҪϵ΢
Ҷۣ˰ɣ
ҲΪսйɣԮۣ֮ԷȫǺҶ۹κȡҪԾսսôɱҶ۹Ԫߴ۹սΪʲô۹
λͥ۵ۣȴ΢۾С
šԷ
ڴۣʶս
Զۣ˼סҾԣȷʵҲһҪҶ۹ԼĿ⿴˵
Ҷ۹ȷʵ̫ˣǿ߼ࡣԣɱЩˣֻɱɵۼҲܡҪٵҶ۹ͥҲȷʵӲǲԶۣۡҲֹ
Ҷ۹ԣˣԻһתɱڡ
һǺҶ۹һͳ죬ֽȽ˫ӡˣԵͳȵ
ʱȽ˫ӣڲԶάɵ۵ȺҶ۹ɵ֮СȽ˫ӵʵҲǱȽǿģǽӽ׼Ԫϼˡ
ԵĻȽ˫ӵı飬ʱòȻ
Ȼ֪ΪʲôһҪԼκ֮ٵҹ
Ƚ˫˶ٵҹ֪ɱ˶ҹߡԣұȡҹȥһ˵ʱάɵ۵λá
֪Ƚ˫Ӧþڻ֪һȽ˫ӱˡ֪Ƚ˫òǰȽնɱˡ

СǺôĿΪҵͥڴ˴㻹лɱ𣿡ҶۿЦһ·쿪
ۣû˵
Զ˺ҶһۣڶҪģǺҶϹ
ҪɱҶ۹Ƚ˫ɵۣԶ۵˵ûΣҶ۹ĵսˣһɵҲ㲻ʲôɾԻҪɱҶۣɾˡ
ۣԲ۾žԡ
Ҷ۱ˣ۾һһʱؿڡ
кʱ䣬Ҷ۵΢΢ȻǱŵģǱġ
СȻҪɱôͥ۵棬Ҫɱͥۡ
ҾԵɱۣͥͺ̧̧־
ʱһһҶϹģûô̶ˡ
ս֪ܷŭ㻹Ҫ侲һЩҶѣͥۡ
ԺҶʲôչ黹ҪҶһءԶüڶԾ˵
ҶϹֵء죬ұɱҶϹ
Զ۵ɫҲѿˡ
Ǻǣҵ뿴ս㣬ɱҶѡԶ¶Ц飬˵ԣҲǶԾԲˡ
棬ﴦ£ϣ˫Ժͣ˫֮ĳԹڵǾԣȴ񲢲Զ۵ӣԱɱҶۡ
˵ףԶۻǽԵΪˡղźҶҪϾԣûԺҶ˵صĻһȰ趼û˵ս˵ҪɱҶۣ̬Ȳһˡ
Ҳ˫üҲﾰ˵һʱҲ֪˵һЩʲô
ǡ֪ߵغΪһЩʵܵءϴ¶мı顣
λս񣬶Դ۵һ֪۹һЦ
ս˽չȷʵǲ뿴ںҶ۹ɱ¾̫ˡǣжˣҲϣʹɡԶַŵ飬㵱ϧҲӦøΪӡɣĳĶԾԻ˵ԻԪʱвɵ۰֡ЩΪϵɵֻۣͥеļλۡ۹棬ҲǸʱĹɵۣȴܽͥΪۡսеԭ𣿡


3115 ʹ
Ԫռ֮У桢߾ˣǴӻԪʱʹڵĹɵۡ
Щɵۣһȴ޷ͥ
ԭʲô
ʵܼ򵥣ʵԳΪͥۡң֮ͥĲ໹ͦġ
Ҷ۵۹սλҪնɱԣԺҶֵ̬ȣѾܹ˵ˡ
УҶ۹ս񣬱ΪԪռһսսǲһȻںҶ۹ȴԶκΨǴӡսκսѷһսΪʲôԸȫڶκ
ΪκǺҶ۵ĵӡ
ͥ۵ʵԱȺܶлҪǿֻдﵽ㹻ߵĲΣſͥ۵ǿ
ڻԪռ䣬ͥǳȻĵλɲ㴵ġ
ɣ۵һȴǵͷ
ɣۡ
ɣվһģԾԲ²⣬ɣ۹ϵӦñȽܡ
ɣⷬԵ˼ҲΪԺá
֪Ҳס
ۣͥԲѰԪϼɵܱȡҾԣҲ˿ûͥ˼ǣҶϹ˽˶Թұɱҿ룬λ۲ҪҶϹ֮¡ⷬǶɣ˵ģͬʱҲ˵ġ
ɣһҡҡͷ˵
СգϷҪҶ۳۹ŭɶ
Խ׽ǰ΢̽һЩʱ׼ԺҶ۶֡
ҶۣϢŭ
ʱһȴңң
·ңԶա
Ҷ۵ˣɫ΢һ䡣
仰ĿҲķ򣬲֪ʲôˣڴʱҪ¡ۣͥˣ˵˲ͥݣֻ˭Ԫռ䣬ʲôˣֱӲͥ۵£
ھתͷдʱԶУһӰֳӰֺ󣬼ٵ뾰Ե롣ˣһϮȥȽķΣͨΪɫ
˿ȥòǱȽӡ
ʹߣʲôԶüˣʵ
Զۣɫ۵ʹߣԲԶ۹˹֡
ˣǷҼ֮뾰ս񣬵֮͡ʹ߿ڼ˵˵ʱĿѾԡ
֮أ
ǰԾʹ˵ط֮زδ˽⣬ֻÿ֮ʲôϵ
ʹߣ²ʱ򡣡Ҷ˵
ȻϵĲ֮ԣϣҶۣûжʹʲôӲĳײ
Ҽ֪սҶһЩᡣҼ˵ˣϣҶ۸һӣҪΪս񡣡ʹЦŶԺҶ˵
Ҷɫһڣĺһ˵Ī۸ҺҶɣСɱҺҶ۹ս񣬻ҪٵҺҶ۹ڣ赭д˵һӣҪҷŹС
Ī˵ͥЭ鲻ɣҶʹߡ
Ҽϣûǵ֮ͥЭ顣ҼϣҲһֱصЭ飬죬ҼϽˡʹһֱЦݡ
仰˵֮ڳۣͥɫٴһ䡣
ԣʲôϵ˵ӣͨʹ˵ΪͥЭ飬ٴ˵ء
ǣ뵽һʵǿֲ׵Ĵڣͷ΢΢һ
λʵʵ̫һЩ
֮صˡڻԪУ֮ǱͥΪصһڣֻдǣм۹߲Ա֪֮ء
ͥҲǺֻ֪Ԫڵ顣
ͷˣһֱɾ֮سߣֻǲòݰˡ
ںܾԶ֮ǰͥЭ顣뿪֮ؽԪռ䣬ͥҲ֮˿ĴšΪ˱һĹ֮ͨصʹߣϸ֮£ʱ䵽Ԫʹߣֻһλ
ŴǱõı飬ʹ˵ҶۣһҼӣҼԲǡ
Ҷۿʹߣһʱû˵ʱҲǳĸӡλʵǿûܹ⡣ǾôŹԣҶδ棿ԣҲ˿ûз˼
սʲôϵϴۿڣʹʵ
֮صĳ棬£Ϊˡ


3116 ɱϹ
ʹ֮߳ǰ»ԿǾҶ۵˽˶Թ
Ȼڣȴǹϵͥˡ
ǣȻǿ׵ʵ뿴֮ͥһͷǾôþԸʹ뿪ͥҲҪ
ϴۣѯʾĹϵ
֮سˣôʹˡյЭ飬֮صˣǲܵԪռġΨһһ⣬ʹߡ
ϴ۷ģս񲢲֮سߡʹ֪ϴʵʲôֱӵĸ˴𰸡
ϴЦЦδ˵Ҳ֪ǷʹߵĻ
ʹߣ㾰սĿˣδսҲܾôˡ٣õȾսҶֱӴڵԶ۳˵
Զ˵û
ŲԶ˵ĲǱˣǾԼ
Լ˵Ҳ֪Ϊʲôǰ֮أҲȷԼǷҪǰ֮͡Ҫȥ֮أҲɱҶϹɱϹҲȥ
һΣʹһֱֵЦʧˣü˿ԡ
ʵϣʹҲ֪ԼΪʲô˿ؾԡԼϵտսڣԼս֮ء
֪ԼϿؾԵԭҲҪֻҪϽ񼴿ɡڣսȴߣһҪɱҶۡ
ʹŭ⾰³çֳվǲ˵վѾϷԸˡ
ҶЦ
ʹߣҲˡɲҺҶӣ⾰ʵ̫Ҷŭ죬
ʹ̾һҡҡͷ
ʹߵӣڴ۾ãʹӦǲٲˡ
ǾսںҶУӦûܲ˰ɣǣҲûʲô취ˡϣӦҲΪսٶͥսɣʹ߿һʣתû㹻ʵͥ۶Կģοôͥ۶ڡ
ҶϹɣб׽һźҶ۳ɱȥ
Ҷۣ֮鲼һɡ֮򿪡񱩵ܲʱ֮伤ת۵ĵҵڿռֶ
ǣǱ鲻һԶˡ
Ҷ۹άɵ۵ˣɫ䣬ٶȻص֮ڡ
ǬһǰĹУԺҶնһ
ۣռڹֳ֣Ľâǰ͸ŨܷҪ˺һС
СϷձ㿴㾿ʲôֶΡҶϢᣬȡ
еĹɡתڹɡתͬʱһâӹɡϱŷЩâһ׳ĳìžԴɱȥÿһâì̺ϵܣ౾ԴںϵЩâìѰԪϼɵֵܹ
һʼҶ۾ûСԡչֳʵҲݲСնɱԵİգ͸ͥҲ档
ȻҶ۲ΪܻԼԼҪɱԣҲҪһЩ۵ġ
ɡŷĹâìڿռڣ뾰ǬһγɵĽâײ
飡
䡭
𶯣ռڡ
ǺҶ۹Ĺڴܻ󷨱֮£ҵཨڻζ
һײ֮£ԭǰȻֹסΪײ̫֮ǿ󵹷һξ롣âì뽣âײ֮һ޴Ŀռ涴֡ռ涴Ǿþòɢ
ͥ۵ʵȻǷǳǿ˼⡣
ûгҵԤϡԭһЩģͥǷܴﵽǰǵȳ̶ȣڿ߲ͬһġа
ۣԪģǵüĴڡҶʵȻ߾桢ףǿö࣬һν澰Ծ֪Ҷ۲ԪڱԴϣҶյӦҲûԼյĶࡣ
ǲɫԴֻȺɫԴ򣬾ԾԼյĺɫԴҲܳҶϼһġ
һν棬ҶҲǴ󶨡ԵĿ⣬ɱŨײС
⾰СʵȷʵǿףҲ֪ôģǡﲻҵĲΡֻҪȫ֣նɱСⲻ󡣺ߣǸһЩۣҲһҪСɱֻҪϵǷӲҶҲתԼܹɱԵİգڶ̶̵ĵһν󣬱㼱ӵʮɡ


3117 
Ҷ۱ͺ޼˾ԣлɱԣԲŹ
һܹնɱڻԪռҲо޴İҶ۹Ȼսʧ޴󣬿ֻҪҶ滹ڣҶ۹ָܹߣֻҪڣ۹˭ҶҶ۹
ʱҪģǻɱС
ڵһν֮󣬺Ҷд󶨣ͷתʼԡ
йɡ۱ϣθӵŨɡ򿪣⻪ɡ֮ܲ䡣
ֻҶ۽ɡ۱׳ɡקŹ⻪תɵϿաУɡǿǴգ֮䣬Ƿ·ܽضס
֮ĵ򣬾֮𶯡
ҶδֱʩչԱо˷ǳǿѹ
Կ˿ϿյĹɡ۱
ҶϹĵ۱ܲһ㣬ǿܣǷΧǳ󣬾ٸԶĵطҲܵ۱Ӱ졣Ǹ
乥ҲǼɫŵһν棬ҶϹٿعɡ۱һЩâìܺ嫡΢΢΢һ𣬽ڹɡĽɢ
յıԴ࣬۱ӰɾҪˡڣǺǡǷЦ
ҶһֱžԣʱԻ¶Цı飬Ҷиŭ
ȥҶ
ৣ
ǹɡ۱֮ϣǧâìͬʱЩâì뿪۱Ѹ۳һȥ仯Ϊһ޴ķҪ䴩ľ޴¹âì
޴ĹâìױȵٶȣλϮɱȥ
ǬǧػϢᣬ΢ӿ׽ڰֱԴͬʱá
ڱ׽Ľϣ㽣Ļռ両֡ɫĽĻռ䣬ϵĵǿ
ת˲֮䣬ĻռǴﵽɲĺȡ
žתǬǧػγɵĽĻռ䣬Ǿ޴âìӭȥ
䣡
飡
ˣˣ
âì뽣Ļռײ̺Ŀֲܣײ
ҶʩչĹâìһ㴩͸ԵĽĻռ䡣ǣԵĽĻռ࣬ǹâìڴ͸һҵĽĻռ֮󣬱ơοʼõҲϵС
Ƕ㽣Ļռ䱻󣬹Ļì飬ΪĹ㣬ܵĿռɢȥԵĽĻռ䣬ȻǲµĽâȻޱȡ
ಣĻռ䣬ŵ۱ɡȥ
ҶڹâìСʱ򣬾ԤеЩĴ߶תԴΪìֲĵìĵٶȣҪԶìöࡣ
ԣҶֻŹì顣
Ļռ䣬ɡ۱ȥʱ򣬺Ҷһ
ȫ񣬶ŵɡ۱֮ϡϣ޴Ĺɡ۱תٶԽԽ졣ɡ۱ܣƿγ˺ʵĻ֡
۱ɵ۱۱ܴԼҲˡԣĻռĿȻǹɡ۱ҶͬǷǳĽš
Ļռ䣬ײڹɡ۱ܺʵĻϡ
ɡ۱޴ͬʱ̶졣ڽĻռĽâ֮£ɡ۱ϵƶܵĻǾҵ˸
Ļռľʱɡ۱Ѿ˳Զľ롣ϵĹâҲԱðտʼʱơ
ںҶۼĵֵ֮£ɡ۱ǿס˽ĻռĹ
ȻҶ۴ʱȴǼܣѪûסһѪ֪Լĵ۱ˡʩչֲ̫ˣ͸Ⱦˡɡγɵķ֣ͱ
С˶ߵ򣡡ҶУһЩҡ
ֵʱҶ֪յߵҲǱԴ򣬾ԲԼյߵ֮¡ңյߵƺΪǿԸ㡣
Ҷǲ֪յıԴǰڰ˫ɫֱԴġֻ˺ɫԴ
ҶϹ
ںҶ۲ٿص۱סǬǧػʱǿٽӽҶۡҶۣ赲ԽӽԼ
ʱ򣬾ѾǰԶ
ৣҶһ۱ɡջصС
ɡ۱ȻзǳǿܣԾӰȴܴ󡣾Եٶȣûб١
ҹҶɫ࣬׺ݻһµ۱ɡҪԻˡ
Ǻǡ׽£źҶ۾һȥ
ǼԼϵĹɡ۱ԸûᣬԼԵסҶùɡ۱Ρ


3118 ע
ԲҶ۵Ĺɡ׽ضԺҶ¡
Ҷ۵ӣҡԿԲĹܲµĳɲɵۡ
ڼͬʱҶ嵹ˣùɡԡһҪԣǾһ㲻׽ֱϡ
ȻһЩȷʵǶ㿪˾Եһɽ͸ˡ
ԸͲҶ۵Ļᣬһǰ壬һȥ
Զ˵ĲԶۡϴۡ۵ˣһ鶼Ϊʡ
ʲô
׷ʲô
ҶۣȻǾսĶ֣
Ҷۣɱˡң˴ӵһν濪ʼ𣬲żҶ۾¶˰ƣ˵Ҷ뾰սʵ໹ǱȽϴġ
ôܣϴɫѿĵͺ
ίʵЩԼľ
ۣͥ˴ߵĴۣȻǾԵĶ֣ǾԣʱԲǺܳϢᡣ£նߵ򣬾ӵ̺ߵԴҪһҲҪʱģ
벻ҶѾȻǾս֡Ҳڡ
ھҶ۽֮ǰЩۣͥûһΪҶԿġʵȴǾս񱾺Ҷǿһεӡ
ڴǣ鵱ȻḴӣΪǵʵҶʵҲǲģǲԶۡϴģҲֻ΢ȺҶǿһЩܺҶۣǲס
սɾͻܺҶۣⲻ˵սҲܻЩͥ
ѵһĴڣ
ѵҲǴӻԪ֮ģ
ս񣬵ôģսλϣûڵʵ˵λտʼʱ򣬾սɵ۶𣿡ɣתĿ˵
ţʱľսȷʵԶûڵʵҪȻҶҲ˵λҹļ͛VսԺҶ۵ĺ⣬ҪںҶ۶Լ͛Vɱ֡۵ͷ˵
ҶϵΣˡǣܿͥһԱôɣϴĿ⿴λۡ
Զ۵˶ü˵ڴȷʵ뿴ҶɡҶ۶ͥһԱͥˣοھԻڻԪ֮⣬Ǿ͸еˡ
նɱԼˣ
ۣ˼Ҫ뾰Ҷ֮ĲɱҪȱסҶ۵

ʱʹȴǴЦһ
λۣĪǶһСߣҲҪΧֶ𣿡ʹ߿Ŵ˵
ڴۣɫһڡ
ʹߣǰҲΪԲǺҶ۵Ķ֡ˣΪ˽ԴߣھҶ۽֮ǰͳˡ
ڿսܹɱҶۣˣҲϣҶھսС
λۣ֮ǰھսҶ۽֮ǰǿɶûֹɱ˼ڼҶ۲УҪֹˣʹЦݣֻȴһǿӲζ
սҼϵĿˣڹƽԾ£λҪ˶۸ҼϵĿˣҼϿɲӦʱҼϣܻ֮أλҪһ˵ɣʹ߼˵
ʹÿ˵һ仰ɫͺϼ֡

Ҷ۲ҽһ
ѱһ롣ʣµһ壬һԴҵǱŶϴ۵λ÷ɳ۶
û˳ְֲ˶ˣĶԽƵˡ
֣Զ֣ңڷӴܵͬʱҶҲ˲ԼƤˣԶϴ۵˴ȡ
ߣܲô֮࣡ҲܿźҶϵܾôɱϴҶ۹ϵ׽Ǳʹ߼ҼвǾҪ־ԮҶۡ
Ժ鷳Ժٽǡ
£Ҷӭȥ
׷ɱҶ۵ľԣ̾Ϳ˶ϴ۵ĶĿȻ
ȺҶϹ
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Ҷ۸ӦĿֲܳ
Ҷ۰ϣ֪ıƽĿ⣬ٶȳĶϴۣϣզϴϡ
Ļռ伴ϯҶ۰ʱ򣬶ϴۿĵܹǬǧػķΧڡִټ䣬Ե۱ʩչͼסǬǧػԺҶ۵Ĺ
ֻǣԴȫʩչҲͿܵסǬǧػʱûôʱ׼
أעֻʧܸա


3119 
ִ֮䣬ϴѽ߾ȫҲֻסһǬǧػ
֮󣬶ϴ۱ֻµǬǧػܽҶǰ֡
Ҷ۱ѱشֻʣ°ߣȻ廹Ҫ㹻ĵֵ֮Ǭǧػǲ̫ܣ͸ϣ
ǬǧػֺĺҶۣһ}˵Ĳҽ
ʣ°ߵ壬ڽâ֮£ֱӱɱƬҲͬʱ֮ѪγɵĿɢ
ԪռϵɵۣҶۣӻԪʱ͵һֱյĺҶۣ˾ԵĽ¡
ϴ۵壬ڿУԿĲš˿ѪĺҶֿۣ˿ɱһľս
һɶԾԳֵĳ嶯Լĵ۱սչ
ǣվֹס뷨
ԭܼ򵥣Լһˣɱսһ֣۲ܼʱ֣³ҪôҶۣҪôҲǻͷıսܡ
ûţָһתǺҶϹı˳ƾ
ҶϹڻԪռôͣܵıԴ϶ǲٵġ
ԶˣԶۡ۵ˣҲûϿ˵ʲô
Ҷ۵˵ǱȽͻȻġ
ս֮ǰû˸ȥ뾰սԻܺҶۣȥҶۻᱻսɱʱҶĿ֮±սնɱȷʵһʱ䲻֪δ
ֶԾսչ
Ǿ͵ʲô鶼û¾ôȥ
ȻսҪҶ۹ָΣ
Ҷ۹֮ڣάɵ۵ˣɵˡ
ںҶ۱ս׷ɱʱǾȫ˵ˡ۹ĵս񱾾ھУҶ涼նɱҶ۹Ҫ군ˣ
άɵ۵ȵ۹ŵĸ߲Աû⣬˵ĵ۹Աˡ
ϴַۣص˲Զ۵ߡ
λϴۿڣۡ
ҶۣͥһԱѵǲʲôϴص˵
һˣ뾰սɱ֣Ȼǲ¡
ҲǼǿ󣬵֣ͥҲκβͥҴ·磬ͥЭ飬֮زܳ

ϴۣʲôսҶۣǹƽսɣڶս֮ǰλûֹ˽ֵ˼ôںҶսбնɱϴҪеĴֶԸս𣿡
һսǾս񱻺ҶɱҼǷҲԳ֮ΪԱ𣿡ʹϴЦݣȻӲ˵Ļɲ̫
ʹߵ˼ǣЩۣͥɵҪƤսҶ۵ĶսϾЩ۵֮ͬ½еģ˫սܽΣӦˡ
ʹߣֲ֮صˣϴۺʹߵ
սȻ֮صˣȴҼϵĿˣҲҼϵѡϴʲôģԵ֮ҼѯʹЦ˵
㡭ϴ۷ŭ
һˣȻǲȥʣϵɲ̫á
ʹߵĻԶ۵
ӿʼս˵ˣҶ۵˽˶Թ
ڷ۹սλϣҶҪɱսǷ۳ֹ˺ҶۡȻҶۻǳּɱ˾սĵ¼͛VԹ̫ˣսҪҺҶ۸ҲӦõģܹΪ
ڶκսҲͬǶκȻµԱ˾սҹʵ̫ˡ·ҵϣҵҲưոݡԶۼ˵
ڲԶ˵ⷬǰǣӵͬȵĵλʵʵһ
ԶԼǡֲ֧Զ۵˵
ţս񲢲ͥսҶ۹ͺҶۣ˽˶ԹҶ۹ͥҲȷʵܿžսɱ¾̫Ҷ۹ԱϾҶ۹޹ġκΪͨûиϵɣ۵ͷ˵
ǶϴۣɫʱȻҲˣҪնɱԵ뷨ǲʵˡ
ɣϵԼǣǵ뾰ս׸ν˽⡣Զͷ
˵䣬Զ۱žλ÷ȥ


3120 ͥ
Զһۡɣ۵ˣҲȥ
ΨжϴۡλûƶǶλҶ۹ϵ׽
ʹЦһӰ˸ͬ˾Եĸ
ս񡣡ԶԹ˹֡
̧ĿȺۣͥ䱸ЩͻȻ֡ȻԶǴЦݵģҲܲ
ս񣬺ҶѾɣҶۺͺҶ۹ĳԹҲ˽˰ɣԶ΢ЦŶԾ˵
ǳһ£Ҷ۹Ĺ
Ҷ۹һȽ˫ӵˣ˵
Ҷ۽֮ǰԾ˵ҶϹȽ˫Լɱˡ
˵Զ۵˶ɳһֻҪԲִһҪҶ۹ɱҲ㲻ʲôˡ
ţսҪܺԶ۵ͷ
Զ֣ǾúҶ۹棬Ƚ˫ӽɣۿԶ˵
ûȽ˫ӴӹڳɡԶҲҶ۹Ĺ
תҶ۹Ƚ˫ӣٵҹ񼫡ڣͥҪҶ۹Ƚ˫Ӹսã
Զ۵쳹Ҷ۹Ĺ
Ƚ˫ɫ䣬Զ۵άɵ۵ȼԪϼǿߡ
Ȼӹȥ
ȥˣһ֣ս񲻿ܷŹ
Ƚ˫ͳ죬Լɣ涼ˣҶ۹ס㡣άɵ̾˿Ƚ˫ӵ
ȻԶѾףҪȽ˫ͳǱսã˵ͥǲԾսˣ˵ͥ뾰սԿ
Ҷ۹㲻Ƚ˫ӣȽ˫Ҳ̫ܻǵסսģսҪҲֻʱ⡣һټŭս񣬵ƿ󣬵ʱĿɾͲһȽ˫ͳˣиᡣ
ԪϼɵۣȽ˫ӣȻҵ̬ȶƣϣȽ˫ԼԷŭľս
㡭ǣǱȥȽ˫ɫҰס
Ƚ˫ͳ죬Ҳûа취˭㣬ȥҹءսҹս񣡡һԪϼɵҡҡͷ˵
ܱ֮ȥҹݻٵȽ˫ҧ
˵Щûκ塣Ѿˣ涼ɱˡȽ˫ͳ죬þ뾰ԼԿһῸס𣿡άɵۿЦ˵
Ҷ۹ԱţҸʱ佻Ƚ˫˶ʱûȽ˫Ӵڳҽ󣬶ʱ򼴱Ƚ˫ӴڳҲֹͣɱ¾Կˡ
˲Ϣ㴫ݵάɵ۵˶Уе⣬˲
άɵ۵˶ʶԵɱ⻹ڡֻ£սУٶɱһЩҶ۹ԱģֻΪͥǵþսһЩֻҪǽȽ˫һˡ
Ƚ˫ӣȥһԪϼɵ
ʱ̣ܶݲٳɡ
Ƚ˫ӱһãû˵Ҳû˼ȻȽ˫ǲԼġ֪ԼѻΪԼᡣ
Ȼ㲻ԸĳȥǾ͹ֲĺˡǻԪϼɵۻ䣬Ƚ˫ͳˡ
Ƚ˫ӣǿܴﵽ׼ԪϼΣ빫ϵ׼ԪϼɵȣʵϻǲһġԪϼɵȣ͸ˡһԪϼɵ۵Ĺס
Ƚ˫ӳֵĻԪϼɵۣȻһҲѹ֮£Ƚ˫Ӷˡ
һʱ䶼ûȽ˫ӱǱԪϼɵɱˡ
ֻʱ䣬ǿסŵȽ˫ӣֻܻɱȽ˫ӡ
սͽȽ˫ͳȥάɵһ߶Ծ˵һ߻ӶȽ˫ӵʬ̧
ǺǡЦ
Ҷ۹ĸ߲ԱΪ˻նɱȽ˫ͳ졣ϢҶ۹µȻȵ½
ԼٶԺҶ۹֣Ҷ۹ľҲάסˡʱ۹ٹϷһҶ۹ò˶ʱͻᱻ۹֮С
άɵۣԽȽ˫ӵʬ͵ߣСĿžԡ
սڡǷԽˣԶĿȽ˫ӵʬջأԣЦʵ
ţ¾͵ΪֹɣұֻٵҶ۹ͥӣλ۵ӣҾҲܲԣͬ¾ʹ˽ԶԲԶ۵
Զ۵ˣɳһ
ããս񣬹ȻǽģԶЦˣһ뾰ս
ͥ뾰ս㣬ΪۣͥԶĿһ


3121 Դ
뾰ԼͥΪͥ뷨ǲԶʱ⡣
Ҫ֪ĿǰԪϵĳƺŶûС£ǲܽͥȻʵˣһб㶼ˮɱȻȻ
ڲԶ۷룬ҲеЩ⡣ԣǸողնɱһۣͥնɱʱ䶼ûԶ۾Լ룿
ŲԶԲϵգҲ̲ס̣ͥǵĽڲأ
ڼͥΪۣԵǱȽȤ
Ԫͥ齨ͥ˻Ԫռ̫ΪۣͥԿԸΪ˳ĽӴЩпܰǻԪͨ
˵ͨԪͨͥС
ԼͥҪӴ˽ǲס
ȻˣԪռۣͥҪҲһϣֻԪɵۣǴۣĴڡⰵԪۣͥɫԴ򶼺գĴۣ໹Զúܡ
ս񲻱ؼŸҴ𸴣ǡԶۼԳ͸ˡ
ûֱӾܾ˵Ϸʱ俼ǣû⡣
Զ۶ԾԷ룬Ҳûбʾ顣
սҼǰ֮͡ʹ߿ˡ
֮ǰ˵ҪȽҶ۵ĶԹ˽⣬ǷԳˣʹ΢Цžԣ˵
Զ۵ʹߵĻжһ
λۣǷΪʲôԶôż뾰ԼͥҲײԶ۵ˡԣԶǵľս֮ء
һǳͷˣټһսǡ
ͬʱôֲļһֻͥҲܲס
ʹߣʹ߹˹֣˵Ҿԣܸм֮أһȥġȴڡҶϹĶԹ˽⣬һһЩҪץʱ䴦
æ֮һǰ֮أлԵ
ʹͷ˵ãҾͻȥҼϸˡҼϣ֮صžս٣
ʹԹ˹ֶ֣Դǹֵ֮ʧһ֮䡣
Զ۵˼Բδͬʹǰ֮أɳһ
ս񣬼ͥɣʹ뿪󣬷̿ڡ
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սͥҲкܶĺôĲ˵͵ؾҲǷ۹ؾܱȵġһ۵
Щһӱ鲢ҼȣԭͨˣþԼ֮ء
ͥȻҲû˼ȥ֮أҲϣ֮صԳΪۣ֮ͥصвСöˡ
̧ͥü
ԶԶԣ
ս񣬳Ϊͥ۰ɣǶžԡ
ţҸ˵ǲܡֻλɵƺһе⡣ԿԶ˵Ķϴۺۡͅ
Ǻǣս㲻õġԶЦͥһʮλۣҶѱսɱԾʣʮһλۡҪͶƱǽ˵ҲֱӾͳˣΪλµûܹĴҲԣͬƱҲռеĶολۣҲܷԾսͥ
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Ŷ
ҾӦ˰ɣԵ˵ͷ
ս񣬴ӽտʼԺɾ͵óΪԴˡ
Դۣϲϲ
Ȼ˼ˣԴۣǾһͬͥ
λ۷׷׿ڣдëԼҪϤͥͽɽ
λҹЩȥͥɣڣҪҹһˡҡҡͷɫһЩ˵
ҹѱȽ˫ӻˣҹкܶҴԣȥҴټؽҹ
ؽҹǱģԺ󣬾ԻҪҹ͛V
һ˵Զ۵Ҳʾ⡣ۣжѾȥȽ˫һ
ԴۣǵҪͥʱǰҴѶһΪ·߹һ´ξͿɽͥˡԶ˵
ۣ뾰ԽӡǣԻԶĴѶ
λۣһˣ˹ֺ뿪
Ҷ۹ҹڵƬСʹ½ȥԾڵǴҶ۹صҹҲҪ̫ʱˡ


3122 Ҵ
۹ʹڡ
۹淽ӣոս١
ڴϣսȵ۹߲Աۣͬʱ
ںҶ۹飬ոձ۹̽۹Ĵ֮ϡ
棬Ϣܹȷ𣿡ܳѯʡ
ѯʱսˣһҲεŷ档
ͷѯʹۣͥϢȷϣսѹΪͥˣ
ԺǶóƺԴۡĿ˸ž⡣
ϵˣ֮ǰѾ̽е֪ϢʱȷϢ˻ǲһ
۰ۣͥ
ͥʼľ֮⣬Уֻ˳Ϊͥۡǵˡ
飬辰۹󹫾ʱȻΪǱ޴ǰ;Զ󡣵ǣҲû뵽Ȼ֮ͥۡ
ò˵ʱľޱȵǡ
辰۹󹫾ݣʱ򣬵۹ȷʵǸһЩۣԴϵĴۡڿͶʣ۹Ļر
ȻѹΪۣͥ۹ԺҲҾԴ۰æϵѾǽˡԺ۹ʲôĴ¼Դ۾ǵ۹ǿܡ
˭뵽أսЦ˵۹ֻ³ӶҪˣ
ԴۣɱҶ۹սɱҶ۹κովҶ۶ھԴСֱһЩáսҡͷǾ̾
ҶۣǾԴ۵Ķ֡Ҳ˵Դ۵ʵǱۻҪǿһЩͥԴ۵ĵλڿǰλáι˵
ΪԴ֮صߡڿҲ´ˡԴ֮صߣǲܼͥЦ
£ԴȻ֮صˣ֮صλڣƺ뾰ԴҲйϵġλڣɳʹǰ۹ҪﾰԴ۽Χֻû϶ѡս΢е
ţȷʵˡͷ
΢΢һ䣬ֳ˵Ҷ۹ѾˣǾһ£δӺҶ۹ǱߣõһЩô룬ԴҲǱȽ֧ǶԺҶ۹ֵġ
Լǣ
Ҳֱ̫ӡͥǲ⡣
ţͥǲ۹֮䱬սġ
Ҷ۹ĵս涼ɡԸڵĺҶ۹ҲҪʦˡҶ۹ŵȺˣӦֵܷơ
ϣ۹߲Աǣ׷˵ԼĿ
ǺǣоԴ۵Ĺϵ۹ϷʱпɾҪռݴˡЦ˵
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ٸߵ۹۹ʹ֮ڡ
߾棬ڱ΢ǰ
棬ôͻȻˣ΢߾棬æӭӡ
һڷ۹һͻȻ٣ûǰ֪
ͥ½ۣԴۣ߾濴ű΢˵ıǳӣ̬͸ƾ
΢ĬϢѾ֪ˡ
Ҷ۱նɱϢоΪ½۵ϢӴݵǿ֮ˡ΢Բ֪ܲ¡
Ҵˡ߾̾Ϣһ
ˣ·һӲࡣ
߾仰΢ȴ¶֮ɫ
棬Ȼ˵Լˣ
ʵ顣
΢ʶĻһ£ȷ֮ǰδ˵ԼֻԴľҲδκϴߺ͹ѵԸ
һʱ䣬΢ЩԼˡ
΢ûȥ۹ֹľôڣԴӦٸߵ۹󹫾߾
桭΢ЦҲ֪ÿο߾棬ǸüĬ
һľٸߵ۹˶ռͷĻᰡ
Ժ󣬵۹Ҳٲˡ΢Զ߾濴ű΢˵
߾棬ȷʵĺڡ
ԼͻȻ۹ֹ˱΢ľǾԴ۳Ϊٸߵ۹󹫾ǰ϶顣
棬ڷ۹սλʱȷʵ˻뵽ôͳΪͥۡ΢߾Ȱο


3123 Ҵ
߾Ȼҡҡͷ
ٸߵ۹һֵĹȣȻԸƧͬϣܹǿʢ
ֹ΢辰Դ󹫾£Ĵǳ޴
һȥˡ
߾Ӱʧڱ΢ǰ
΢Ҳǳ̾һ
۹Ϳ˵۹ֵ۹ȼ۹Ҳڸпһ󣬿ʼ׼ϷֺҶ۹Դ¡
۹ĵսǵҵ涼һ飬յóһۣǵĵ۹Ҫ̳ԺҶ۹뷨۹
۹ĸ߲ǶϵǱҲûа취
ΪŪãܿܵԼĵ۹ʲôôŪ
۹ߴˣ
ǵ۹Ҫ辰Դ󹫾ã
ϧ
ģˣ֪εأ
Ľ۹˵

һ·ӺҶ۹ҹڵƬСʹ½
ûκε飬ʼٶڻԪռ˲ơ
һգֹͣ˲ơ
ˣ
ϴ뿪ա
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һֱ̣ӽƬ½֮ϡû̻صԭҹĽ򣬶̿½
ҹڵƬ½ֻСʹ½Զ޷Щ۹½ȡƬ½ϣҲûе۹ǵǿ󷨡ԣԵǣ˵Ǻ谭ġ
ת֮䣬߱½ԾڵʵһСʹ½Ǻɵ顣
ųص飬ѰӡһϤӰ
Ҳ֪Ƿ񻹻š˼š
ΪǿԾԿ˲䴦ϢֻҪ㻹ţƬ½ϣǺܿҵ
ѰҵĵطȻҹĹڣҹĹһƬ棬Է֣ھԭǺԶĵطһµĳС
ɨУڲûԼϤӰ
Է֣ԭҹڵԴأת֮С
ѵȽ˫ֻǻٵҹĹʩûйƻüѰ˼š
ɨһƬƬɨһҡ
Ƭ½ϣжʮҡԺͼ͛V뿪֮ǰʵΪǿ󣬲ʱҹܹˡ⣬ҹΪƬ½ǿĹңֻʱ⣬һҪ̫ʱ䡣
㣡
һټ㣬ҹͳ˧ֱƿعҵĶšԻǵãԼոմԪռԪʱҹŵľų
̫ˣûЩϲá
ಣֱһ˲ƣڵλø
һϿȡ
ϿڣȻγɵϣܹȻϣ޷Ե
ڶපѨһѨ֮С
һģжеߡ
ͳ˧ˣڡѰҹѶԽԽˡһĶ˵
ǰǵԽԽСġЩ쵰ѾʼõķʽϹˡһ˴ѹֵķŭ˵
ͳ˧ˣǵ֮¶ĸڼڣӦÿǻطˡһ˵
£ʲô仯ǣеѹǷǳ޴ġ
ЩҹҴߣϿ֮ڣ˵ǹӲдĻߡ
Щ쵰ȻδԼ֮أǵצѾϿԽԽٲתƣ֮Ⱥˣܻܿᱻһ򾡡
ѰҹҴһ£ʱֹ㿪˵Щɳơ
ǣѨڵļӦ
ʱǰһӰͻȻֳ
˭͵վһȡ

ǼߣҲ׷ȡĿŶѨͻȻֳӰֻҪ˿ԾǾͻǿ֡
ԡս񣿡㿴Ӱһ
Ǿսҹľս񡣡
սˡ
̫ˣ̫ˣѨڵˣϲõĺ
ңԳĿ⣬ɨڳˡ
ˣԭӦǱȽϸ˵顣ɴʱȴǸ˲еԽԽΪ˵ĴԷǳĲá
ѨڵˣϵļУˡԣǾಫɱ
սǵҹҹûˡͳ˧У⣬
ҹݻͳ˧ǰһֱһǿ侲ǿ̬˭֪ܵѹж


3124 õú
ؽҹ֧ţͳ˧Ϳˡ
ʱԣûάǼǿ
ſھԵļϣ
ѨڵˣҲӳʱֻϲص
£
֪һСԴҡңҹѡԵ
ս񣬱أ»𣿡ͳ˧̧ͷ͛V
۹ٰսλϣ͛Vһλޱǿ߹ͳ˧һЩš
µʱƬ½мҵĹս񣬾ֳаɺ׹ľͿ׷ս
⼸ҵĹսսλȫŷƬ½
»ţֻƺءڣǿ¡˵
̫ˣ»šһֱġͳ˧³һ
͛Vͬá
һñ»ָʱ򣬱ҹĹԵ
սҹѾûˡǵҹһԳȽ˫ӵǿɵ۴ݻˡһ߳ѾսҹѲˡ
Ƚ˫Ѿˡ˵
λҪؽҹ˵
ǡƺΪ˶ʲôŲϿ֮ڣתʵ
ԵĻ˵ı鶼α仯ս˵ؽҹϲս˵ǶϿڣɫȻ
ս񡣡ͳ˧˿˵һٶǰһԳȽ˫ӵĴҹĹǣ˵ս˲õˣҹȻ͹С
ڴ󲿷ɵۼߣɱˡɵ֮µߣʵɱв˳
ҹɵۣ󲿷ֵʱڹ֮ڡôɵۣҹ㡭
һֱԭǱߣԵʱûڹڣǻˡͳ˧ҧűݣԾԻ˵
Ԫȼҹս⼸սܡΪ˸õͳĵ̣ͳ˧ܶʱ䶼Ǽҹ沢Ľ
ʱҲҹҲ
Ƚ˫Ӵ˺ܳʱ䣿ʵ
ûУǸȽ˫ӵǿɵۻٵ󣬱뿪ˡֻǣǲú󣬴½ϵң㿪ʼ
ԹΪףռҹĵҹԴɱҹߡֻҪǲԸǹҵҹߣֻҪˣһնɱ
ܶѹòѡЩңٲ˲ԸⱳҹֻܶǵΧ׷½أԲ˱ҵɱ
սҴһ֧ţǷսǵ̫ˣҶǣֻҲһѰҹߡͳ˧ɱ˵ⷬ
ͳ˧ĽԽԽŨ
Ȼǰʱ򣬾Ծ˴ϵĲ²⡣ɵ׶˵Ի޷еŭɱ⡣
ȺĻ˶
ȫ
սǻ˵˺Ҷ۹Ҷ۹Ź㡣˵ͱ£޷ˡ㿴žԼ˵
ǺǡЦڻˣǵĺӣҲͷˡ
㣬ɺ׹أԱʵ
ɺ׹ɴҹõ˲ٵĺôǾԻǼ͛VԷɺ׹ơڷ۹ʱ򣬷ɺ׹ľҲͨԵ̿Ѻעõ˴ջ
ʱľͿ׷սˣԾԺͼ͛Vޱȹеġ
ü˵ңɺ׹úܶࡣ٣ɺ׹ûɱҹĹ˵ɺ׹һЩҹߡҲɺ׹ĸ߲ԱϵľɱǣҲ޷֤ɺ׹߲Ҳɱǡ
ɺ׹ûɱҹߣҹԴ͵أɺ׹аռ𣿡ɫ
⡭ҲһЩԴֻǱңֶθºһЩͳ˧ü˵
ãõúܰЦ
з͡ɳ˹Ǽأʵ
ʵ⼸ңǵҹõܶôģǴȼսܹ˲ԴңҹҲ˵Ĺϵ
ҧű˵⼸ңһģ
ս񣬵ҹݻ֮󣬴ҾԤϵܻᷢʲô顣ԣҹҴһЩʹ󳼣ǰ⼸ңܰһҹǣ⼸˹ҲûаǵĴ㣬ǰȥԮĹ󳼶һɵӹ˵Ȼ޼Ǽҡ


3125 
Եͷɫ
˼ӭ˵
ˣĿⶼžԡ
Ծսʵ˵ĸȽģ
㣬Ȼ˵һЩھսսλı֣žսսϴﵽһܸߵΡ㣬վλǵһЩ֪Ԫϼɵ۷ǳǿ󣬵ǿʲôĳ̶ȣͲܾ֪ˣϾûԹԪϼɵ۵Ĺ
Ѩڵˣ͸ûʲôȷе֪ˣֻͨɵ۶ѡǣƬ½뿪Ƭ½ֻǻԪռСʹ½ϢԱ˺ܶࡣ
սôأǻŵˣķԸԾԵ
ţתʵҸջش½ʱ򣬿ҹԶĵطһ³ǳ֡³ǣҲЩҽİɣ
УǹǣͷġĿģΪ˷ԴתҹѹεԴȼеУȻת˵ҡ͵
ȻǾʹпʼɣ
㣬ټϿԱһʱǾͳֱСԻֵ
ڽϿ֮ǰԵֹϿȣ֪ϿڣһЩҹߡȻǺܶ࣬Щ˼ԷǳΣյĴʱܱɱ£ǶûиĻͥ˵Ƕҹҳ϶Ǽ֮ߵġ
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ǣͳ˧ûκγɡ
ڳļҹɵһɵ۱Ӧȥ
ܿ죬ϿһԿڣۼڶҹҴߡһһǧӡ
Ժˣһͬ㳡ЩҹҴߡ
Ǿս񣡡
ǾսûǾս񣡡
սĻˡҹоˡǡԻˣ
ս񣡾ս񣡡
Ⱥɧ֮󣬱Ľ쾰ս֡Ͽڣ졣ϵƣãȫȻʧ
սһҵľԳΪҹսʱȻҹߣǶԾսΪңˣȫǶҹĹģԸԸⱳҹ
λֵܡãԿڡ
еһǧˣ𽥰
ҹ£Ѿ֪ҹܴ˽ѣԭҡǸģ˵
һҪΪȥҹֵܡñҽңؽҹΪƬ½ϣֻҪһҾ͹ˣҹЩңΪӦóΪʷ
ڣϣңһͬȥǣһͬɱǵĵˣɱҹĵˡ
ֵǡǣǣǷԸҾԲս߿
սսս
Хɽѣ̡
ãھͳûǵĹԸ
ԴȺҹҴߣϿȣҹСûһֱӵִӴѡˣһ·йȥ
ϣеˣֱӲ뵽ж

תǣ
ҹݻ֮ŽĳУûһ֡
ת˴ӸҹӶռĴԴǣ㽫ֱӳΪתǡ
еҪߣǹ
ҲǹǣͷҹͬС
תǵˣǹ´󹫾
´󹫾˸𽫴ҹѹεĴԴת˵֮⣬һҪĹ׷ɱҹĹҹߣֻҪ֣㼸ɡɵۼǿߣСĵȾߣȫ޷⡣
һٶʱ´󹫾Աǲ֪ɱ˶ҹߡ£ڼ֮С
նɱҹߣǿԵõĽǾٱĶԴ
ȻˣΪתڵĹܶ࣬ڣԵñȽϻҡ´󹫾Ҳû˼ȥά
һգ´󹫾ڸ֮ۡڣòŮķ̡
һµĸҴҴ洳˽
´󹫾һȵôĹ
ΪĸͻȻ´󹫾ǳĲŭվһŽĸԱߵڵϡ
ĸæ
˵ʲô£´󹫾ʱ򣬲ѯĸҪʲô¡
ˣ֡˴ҹĸͷ˵
´󹫾һж٣
ˣһǧˡĸӦ


3126 Ū
´󹫾۾ʱɵùԲ
һǧˣһǧҹߣ
һٶǰǳܹһξΧɱǧҹߣһٶĽ죬ҵҹ߶ˡ
ԣλ´󹫾ǧҹߣǳԾ
նɱҹߣǿܹȡͺԴġȻƿתˮҲܷ񣬵˭ԼԴࣿ
ˣЩҹߣǵĳнӽĸ˵һ䡣
ʲô´󹫾Ȼû뵽
ЩҹӦ뷽跨Լôܽӽתǣ
ˣɳ̽ӻرЩҹߣȷʵתǱƽңҹͳ˧ҲСͳ˧֮⣬кüѾ˺ܾõҹɵۡĸ˵
ǺǣҪһ𣿡´󹫾Цһ
ȥתǾ̱սҲ֪ͨЩһһսҪˣʵɲߡ´󹫾ݵ
ǣĸת˳˷䡣
ڹߵ׼սʱڶפתǵԱҲ֮
һʱ䣬תеߡ

Դͳ˧ԼһǧҹߣԽϿķٶȣƽתǡ
һ·ϣδʲôģ
һǧ˵Ķ飬̽Сһǲ¶档ż¶ͷ̽ӣһƹȥȫɱˡ
յĸ·Ķ飬ǵִתǡ
תǣڶɵǿţҲ׼
ĿǰΪֹ´󹫾ԱиҵĹսȸ߲Ա֪ҹľսˡ
ǸͲ֪һ֧ҹߣǾսġ
´󹫾Ѿаյʱ䣬ǱԿǵĶˡɳһЦݶ´󹫾˵
ţȻˣǾͳǰɣһΣܷһһǽսȦкΧ´󹫾԰ɳ
Ǻǣ󹫾ġǣ֪ôһΣɡɳЦ
꣬ɳҲҹ˹
ǣ
´󹫾һ£ڵߣѸٶ糱ˮӿУٷɢǣֻҹսȦſΧ
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´󹫾˵֮ڣҹĶˡ
´󹫾Ŀ¶⣬˿۾ѰҶӰ
ţ
ǸСǣȻǰ棿
ǰǸԣ˭ҹĶ飬ƺΪס
ˣ˵ĺ档
ף˿Щ죬ƺʲôط
´󹫾ŬžԵӰԼԡü֮У˼˾˭
ܿ죬´󹫾ͱˡΪѾԼʲôطˡ
ɱս񣬿Խսʬ͵ġһΣ´󹫾ҲŹһҹս
ҹӵˣɲǾս
´󹫾ҲһЩھսĴԣ˵սսλչֳ˼ǿʵǰ۹μλʱҪǿܶࡣ
ôܣ
ôˣܣ²˵Ե˻Ԫǿĵ۹ҹٵĸӣΪ˴۹𣿡´󹫾ɫʼˡ
´󹫾ʲô𣿡
´󹫾һˣɫ䣬񲻶Ծʵ
ƹ㿴ҹӵˣǲǾԡ´󹫾ʱδٷְȷǾҹս
ԣѯƹҲǹĹͬԱһΡ
ʲôƶûϸ۲𽥱ƽҹ飬ȺҹߣͶĴǼȫûĲҳݵĴα˷̫˼ЩСϣ
´󹫾ĻƹĿϸ˿
һʱͷðһ麹
ôܣԻˣƹҲϳҹս
飬Щˡ´󹫾¶ɫ
󹫾⾰ԵʵѵдôǿǣҲûۼһЩμսλļһ˵һЩҾÿ϶ǿ˰ɣƹü˵ߵˣǶ༸ʮȽǿҲܿ˺һˣܶԸɵۣϰٸɵͬʱ֣һٿըȥŪƾǿҲɣ
ƹô˵´󹫾еǰ˲١


3127 һɱ
´󹫾˿ɵٴε˵ͷ
Ҳǣ
ǾԾʵǿһٸֺ
ҹǱߣ֮⣬Ҳȼɵۡ
ȻԻûǽգɣһΣȺҹͿɾʹˡ´󹫾̵תš
սˣͳ˧ǣΧˡһҹɵۣٷеԺǰ˵
ҵľӣǴΧʵĶΧס
Դ˾һ
صģǲһᡣ԰ֵ
ǣɵӦ󷽾䡣
ս˾ǹ´󹫾תǣҪ𡣡ָ´󹫾Ծ˵
㣬𣿡´󹫾Цһ
ֿԵҹս֮ǰ˵˻Ԫǿĵ۹û뵽㻹ܻŻôѾڵҹΣ
Զ´󹫾
Ҳûмӽ´󹫾ˣͣֱ̧һ˹ȥ
Դ֮ת
أʱ
ֲܲѸ´󹫾Ϯɱȥ
ǺǣôԶľ룬Ͷչԣ⡣´󹫾ΪӣЦ˵
룬һɵ˵ȷʵЩԶ롣֮ͨôԶľ봫ݣ;̫࣬Ե˱γЧɱˡ
´󹫾ЩˣʶǶǳһЩǸ֪ԪЩǿɵۣжǿ
´󹫾䣬ϵЦݱ㽩סˣ֮ıǾ֮ɫоΣգ֮
ãʵȷʵֲһɱ´󹫾ٵ˻
ڶĸɵۣ׷׶׼ֺɱԡ
䣡
Եһƣ´󹫾˸
žҵ𶯲һƬռ䣬Ӳ̮ˡռŤ񱩵˺һС
´󹫾ȱǵɵֱۣӱǻΪ촷ۡڱԴ֮£ûκεֵĿܡ˵Щͨɵۣǽӽ׼ԪϼȽ˫һɵۣҲܲס˺
һƬռڵԱǱա
һƵܣЩ׼ԾսֺɱɵۣһӶ·𶨸סˡˣǿյһƬ֮еĿռ䡣
Ƭ½ݺã˿ֲ
Ǵ½ЩʵڿǰλõɵۣҲ׾ͱռݡսһƣǴôԶľ룬ӴĿռ̮
⵽һ
ɱԵӿдͳ
ˣһĿ¶⣬ֳԼɱ˳ȥȻǶö࣬û˿η塣Ϊоս
̿Ƭ֮䣬дﵽɵ۾Ϣ
һЩɵۣںˣ׼ˡʱѾû뾰սɱˡ
ܣ
ǣһܲ
Ե֣ΪһӰֱ۵İڶԵָٵĽϵĵһָۡЩɵۣȫϢ


սͶŹң
ҽһƬ
ûһɵۣܹסԵһָһɱЩĵɵۣҲûзŹûʲôʮʱ䣬ǽƬ֮Уезɵۼȫնɱ
ɵ۶׼ܣɵ֮µߣǱ˵ĿʼӴܡ
ͳ˧ҹĶ飬Ե׷ɱЩ˼ûӵתҹ߲ɱûɵǣβʲôЧĵֵ
Թ۲սʱʩչ岨ÿһζ岨ͷţһƬй߱յ岨ֱɱɵѶȣɱЩɵ֮µߣһɱһƬ۷ҲԳܶ岨ɱ
һսֻԼĪʱѡ
ľߣ޷㣬ߵˣܻûһ롣ɵۼߣȫûһûܻ
˴ɨսջͬʱתǣ֮ڣемֵԴȫա
ɨսǻʱʱ䡣
սսѾɨϡһȥͳ˧صǰѯʡ
ȥھؽҹĹ˵ϢӦѾˣǽؽ֮󣬱ضкܶҹĹ½Ļ
ãͳ˧Ӧ
˷֮еҹ߱Ѹټ


3128 ¹
תǣҹܽ
Դҹߣյʱ䣬ѵִ
ǻΪԫҹԶԶȥ͸һɻСڴһЩֱӻΪ۳ٶʱķ紵򣬸԰߲ɣ
ڵˣųеľݶء
ԺȻľԼһʱľһЩϤԺֻǣЩϤףкܶ඼Ҳܼˡ
Կ˿ߵͳ˧ɵЩҡ٣㻹šҹУ͛V⣬Ҫ뾰ԵĹϵ׽ˡ
ɳǣΪʷǾԭַ֮ϣһҹ³ǣҲµĹԵڳÿһҹ߶
£Բٿص򣬴߶
嫵İתǰӿȥ
֮һнԻΪ촷ۡɳŷ˹
֮Ƭҹַȫʧˡ
ԴԼĿռ䱦ԴԴϵȡϡ
ͨĽֻҪ͵ȡļɡѰҲҪõرϡеĿʯЩҲᶼ󷨣ڳбԵһЩߵȼĴ󼴿ɡ
ھַ֮ϡ
Ĳһϰεض𡣾ԵԺ֮УоȷĹ滮νҹĹҲǽ˷۹Ĺ滮
ӿĽֵ
Ի˿յأڽҪʹá
ͳ˧ߣҲһԸԡ
ϾһӴĳУǶھ˵ҲǼ󣬲ǳϦ֮ɡ
ھԴ˽¹ͬʱҹսϢҲ׵Ĵ
սݻڹתǣͬ
תǣսˡ
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ʵϵ͵ߣӳһ֡˵սʵ죬ܹסսһ
սɱٶɵۣʮʱ䡣
֮ǰдԣ˵սǿ۹ҹļ͛VΪǣɡڿԲš
ô죿Щңɱôҹߡξս϶Ҫչ׺ݵıתǱݻ٣Ϳɿó
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Σȥ뾰սɱǣû
ܹǲܵɣ
½ϣʮССĹңûһܹȻԴս¡Ϊʮңûһ޹ģûһδռҹ˵ġǷɺ׹̳ҹԴ
ڹһƬҡʱڸҹߣȴ
˵սͳ˧˽¹ʱǱ½ģӸҹȥǣҪ»صҹĻоսڣǲٵҵ׷ɱ
ܶѾͶҵԭҹҲ˹ġ
Ժͳ˧ǵĹУԽԽҹصԽԽࡣµʱ䣬Ǵһǧˣӵʮˡ
ֻǣҹԭûκοɱˡԭҹһȣߵ޷
ںķʱ¹ǱˡȻĿǰֻһտǡҪ¹·Ҫʱ䡣
һգ¹ˡ
ˣǷɺ׹ľͿ׷ս
սľͿ׷սˡͳ˧˴˾Եǰ
ľ˵ɫԵò԰ס
˵ʵǲԣһڶǺ¡ҲǱսڲȾսȥǵķɺ׹ʱǽ⡣
˵ɣңʲô¡ԵĮʵޱ顣
ڷ۹μսλʱ򣬾Ժͼ͛VԴľǺƵġڣҪԸΡ
ˣԺʧҪҪɱˣԻûоáͳ˧˵ңɺ׹ûɱʲôҹߣƺлæһЩҹĹ
ҲΪˣԲŻ˻ᡣ
սǡ޵ݰľͷҹʱǷɺ׹ûҹֵˡǹսΪֿǸ⣬ϣܹҹؽϣṩһܹṩİ
šǣȷʵûаҹֵˡҿ⣬ϾҲûǸԵ˵ͷ
Ƿɺ׹ռҹԴϣǺܳڡǷЦǰͷˡ
ľͿ׷սɫӲ԰ס


3129 ͳһ
ľ׷ս񣬶֪սǿ
սλϣսֳԪϼʵ
ھսǰ̫Сˣ˿ɣսҪɱǣǺܼ򵥵顣
ս˵ɺ׹ҹԴǵսľ
ս񣬷ɺ׹дҹõԴȫ黹ľѹžæ˵
ռԴȻҪԿˣ˵ԶԶ
ҿԸһĻᡣ
Ժ󣬷ɺ׹Ҫһ֡˵
ľͿ׷սһۣ֣ʲô֣
ս񣬲֪ҷɺ׹Ҫĳʲô֣ľʵ
ĳɷɺأԺ󣬷ɺ׹ҹһءľ裬ǵһɡڿ׷壬ʷɺǿľţҹĹһЩҪǡԵ
ôԣľʶĺ֡
һΪһһʵѽܡ
ĿɭȻɨľ
ľæͷ˵սҪɺ׹ҹ¹ңɺ׹һȫֻ֧֡ǣӹұҹأʵǡ
ľ裬ҿֱӸ㡣ǲԸ⣬Ƿɺ׹᳹ʧƬ½ϡҲߡ·ҪôҪôҵȥһ˵
ľһ֮ɫ
׷սȴͻȻս㡭Ī뽫½Ĺңȫٵ˵Ǽ沢ǣ
׷սǼԾʳ仰ġ
Ƭ½ȻԪСʹ½Ƭ½ϣжʮҡǽеĹҶ沢ҹɾͲٳΪСˡ
û
Ƭ½ϣԺֻһңҹһйңҶὫݻ١׵ĸǣԺ󣬴½ضܶ࣬ذɣľ裬һأǼĶˡ㣬ֻܳ˷ɺ׹˵
ľ仯
ս˵Ҫ沢½еĹҡսûľãսҪ£ֻҪķһЩʱ䣬ضġԾսʵ½ϣҲκһɵۣܹסս
Щӵģֱѹǡ
ڱ׻ľãܳһƺҲԼ֮УԼȨǻȽϴġ
һ֮ľ˾ԵΪһηɺ
ˣǿԻȥˣ鴦һЩڣзԵģֱɱ˾ǡ޷ƽˣǿԸңһԳְǸ㶨Ҹǰʱ䣬ػ´áȻ󣬿׷彫ŷɺصľԶԶ˵
ǣӦС˳ȥ
ΣսǱˡ˹ľ̾Ϣһҡͷ˵
£ҲӢľûȥɱҹĹ񡣷ǡ׷彫һұ˵
׷彫ľüǷɺҪٽдˡƬ½ϣԺֻһλ¡
ǣҼסˡ׷彫æͷʶĿ˿

󣬾սҹţɱ
ִԴݿ֮ƣ˹Ĺ
ӢԵԴڲϹ󳼱ΪЩˣ٣˶մҹѪɵ֮µߣͬһģǳΪūԺһҪڿ϶ȹ
֮󣬱ͼҪķˣ뾰սҹһսȻǵΪʵѻʯ
սĴ֮ûκκιܹ赲ֺ˹ңڼʱͱҹ顣
½ĹңͶ޷뾰սҹԿ˼
սЩԭҵĹȸ߲Ա¹С
ֻҪɱҹ񣬻ɱҹģȫֻһЩҹԴģǿԻҲһĳͷ
ǰǰһԼ˶ʮʱ䣬սţ½ͳһ
Ƭ½ϣֻʣһңҹҹڣء
ȻˣȻͳһˣıȽϳһʱ䣬Իи鷳Ҫôߣô˿ڣ۸ӵǣ·Ļҡ֮ҪͳһҹȶҪԸʱ;
ͳ˧ڣѰͳ˧˳ƵĴ


3130 ͥ
ڹͳһ֮ȻӻңҪԳֻߴĵҲࡣ
ָȵȷͳ˧ҲǾḻ
ھһʵѹһеĴ֮£һЩĻ̥Ҳʲôˡ
ֻҪĻϲģһɱǣҲûѾȥ赼
ʱȶҹתȶ
ʱҲóһЩԴʹá˵ʵڶ̶̰ʱ˲СĽȻˣҪﵽ׼ԪϼѶ̫ˣгԴ㹻츳ҲҪ¡
һգԽͳ˧ٵǰ
սҪ뿪ҹͳ˧˵Ҫ뿪½¶ı顣
ţҹȶתѰܴҴ㣬ձ뿪Եͷ
ǡϣܴʱ䡣
㣬Ҫҵñ»ָİ취Կ
ô˵㲻˵ˡȻҲϣ͛V
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Ҵ㣬ҹɵ۹ĹҡȻⲻǶʱġǵһҹ֮СһˣϴӻԪʹԴҹ
ͳ˧ʱҪȶҵת⣬Ҫ飬ѡ츳õ߽ѧԺ½׿ţص
Դ취㲻ΪԴԻ˵
սסңķԸȥͳ˧˵
˵Ҫҹһǿʢĵ۹ҲǾѪڡ
۹
Ԫռĵ۹Ǻεȵǿ
˶Ե۹˽Ⲣ࣬Ϊβ̫ԶԵ۹עͬࡣڣǻ֪ǿʢޱȵĺҶ۹Ѿ군ˣ۹ĵսɱ
ͳ˧뿪󣬾Ա
֮󣬾ͨɽڣɽ
Ծڵܹڽɽɵȥܽɽĸ
ѰɵڽɽԪԭڱԴϵ̫١˵ˣʵֻǴʲôط룬ͻǴʲôط
ҹҪ׳󣬾͵Դ
Ƭ½ֻСʹ½Դޡ
Ҫ棬ȡĸԴ
ڽɽڴʱҲתͷ
ȻģԾ뵽˺Ҷ۹Ҷ۹һ⣬۹Ѿ䣬ҪԺҶ۹¿ˡ
ԭԵҲûŴзһϾﵽ֮ѰԴ󲻴󡣵Ҫ׳ҹԺҪҹɵ۹ǿɾͲٷκҶ۹ⲻˡ
Ϊǿĵ۹Ҷ۹ԴǼֲġ
ţȹʱ䣬ȥһ˷۹ͨһ¡Ȼ󣬽۹ĵټһķ䡣Ǻǡ¶һĨЦ⡣
պ󣬾籮
֪ͥھ籮Զ
óѶԶ۴һѶϢ
Դۣڽ籮Եȣ̹ȥԶۺܿͶԾ˻Ӧ
ڽ籮˰ʱңͿ˲Զ֡
ԴۣҹǱߵ飬׵ˣԶۼԺ󣬹һЦʵ
ţѾˡԵͷ
ǾͺãԴۣҴȥֻͥҪ߹һΣԺͿͥܲˡԶת
ãͲԶˡԶԲԶ۹˹֡
ŲԶۣԼĪʱʱ䣬ԱǼϵӴ󹬵⹬Χв˸ȥ͸һʥϢ
ԴۣǾͥ
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Զ֣˵ɽУͨԪֱͨʵ
Զ̧ü˿ԣͷ˵ȷʵˣͨҲǹĪ⣬ǵ޷ѿءԴӻԪͨһ򿪹Σʲôԭ򿪣޷ȷ
ͨͨԪ𣿡ʵ
УԶ¶Źֵı顣
Դۣǽͥ˵ɣԶƺǾһʱҲ˵
ãӦ
Զ۴ͥǻֺĹžԿͥؾԶ۵˼ԪУͥյؾǿģ۹ؾԶͥؾȡ


3131 ɿ
ڷ۹ؾУǧʱ䣬Ե۹ؾ֮ЧӡΪ̡
ؾΪ£ԪռͨǵڣͬڻԪռнڵ㣬ɼĻԪԡؾʯΪˣǾʹʱ÷˼
ͥӵеؾҪȵ۹ؾҪá
Ҫǣֻͥʮλۡʮˣʹһؾÿ˵ʱɾͶˡ
Զ֣Ҹոռ֪ͥʱܹʹôؾʲԶۡ
Դ㲻ʣҲҪ˵һ˵ؾʹù򡣡ԶЦ˵ؾһֱʹ֮Сһ˵ÿʹ꣬ͻرհꡣΪǵĹ۲죬ؾǳϵһֱʹãЧֲʹʱԽЧͻԽ͡
ԣΪ˾ܵı֤ؾЧǻʹʱ󣬽ؾر꣬Ȼá
ڣؾڹر֮СдԼǧ꣬ٶȿԶ۶ԾԽ⡣
ԲԶ˵⡣
Դ뾡ʹؾҲǿԡԺҽټһ𣬴ҵ˵һ´¼ɡǧ󣬾ԴʹؾţۣҲʲôҾǶһЩʱˡЩϼһʹؾʱܶˡԶ΢Ц˵
Ǿ̫лԶˡæл
Դۣ֮ǰҹڻԪͨ⡣ҴȥˡҪҾݣʵҲ˵һԶ˵
Ԫͨͥڣһ
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һ룬Ծ͸оǿҲ
ͥܲ⣬ΧȻҲдļߵȼ󷨴ڣȴԶеȡ
۾ܿƵĴڡޱȣ
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ԴۣҪ㿴ĿɲǺӣǺĶԶЦЦžԵ
ŶٴνĿתƹȥ
ӣϸĹ۲ڲ
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ǲԶҪԿʲôԻ治ô΢СĶοʱҲ޷СĺڵϸӦ
Զ֣ԪͨǸ΢Сĺڵɣü
ԴۣͨڣȷʵǸڵ㡣ͨǹرյġڵ㷢޴仯ʱ򣬾˵ͨҪˡ
һʱѾμ⵽ڵֱ仯ǲ²⣬ԪͨҪٴοˡ
ԴۣԪͨͨԪǶԪռ˽ⲻ࣬Ҳ֪ԪǷ񡭡˵Զ۶˶١
Ȼ̧ͷž˵ǻɣԪռ顣
ԶֺλΪĻɣԺʵ
Ϊͥеļɵ۾ǻԪռ䵮ˡȴͻȻڻԪռ䡣֮ǰǸͲĴڡҪģʵʵͥۻҪǿöࡣ
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ü˼
ţҪȥ֮ؼһˣԪǻԼܴУõϢ
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ڿ֮ǰһԪûе
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ֿʯڻԪռ伫ȵϡ٣ۣͥҲѼͥǣʱѼղѼôһ㣬ȻֺһӣڻԪͨĽڵ֮⡣


3132 Զ
ɿտʯһΪԣǾһеܡ
ǱԴֻҪӴֿʯ̼ɢ
ڴ֮ǰҲδɿֿʯǲԶûǺӵĴɿտʯ
ҲˣΪʲôԼûܸӦڵ˿ǺӣǸϵԭ
ԶۣԪͨٴ򿪣ͥʲô㡣ǷҪ˽в̽ʵ
Զҡͷ˵ͥûһļƻңԪͨ򿪣ҪҲףҪ
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Զ仰ȴǵ˵˫Ŀ
֪Զ˵ֵӦþǰɫ
֮еİɫˮƣɰɫˮĵ޷򣬶ͨԪͨ͸ģһܹաԶۼ˵
ŶᡮŶһûԶ۶˵ɫ顣
Ԫͨڵ֮󣬲Զ۴е
ˣͥ۹
ۡɣ۵úܿ죬ϴۺͅˣ٣վˡ
Զۣǹк£ϴۿ˾һۺֿԶʵ
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ǰԴ۸ռͥǶþԴʹؾִΣҲǿԵġһ΢Ц

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ۣü
˵ִźˣǣ棬ЩСˡ
ҲüŶϴۡ
ȡ˺Ҷ۵λãǰִΣӦľǺҶʹؾĻᡣ
ȻҶǰùؾ˵һֵҶ۵ִΣǵٵϸʮҡһִΣ꣬ʹһ꣬رһꡣ
ԻԪϼɵ˵ʮʱ䣬Ҳ೤ɾԣȴ޷ĵȴʮʱ䣬һֱǣԪĺڰ׺⡣
ھԴԪԪʱ򣬺ڰ׺ӵĶԽԽƵܿǧʱͻᵼԪֻмʱ䡣
ԣƵĵȴҪսڰ׺ܳΪĴۣԪӦþܽڰ׺Ӵڵ⡣
ϴ۵˼ǣƤЦⲻЦĿŶϴۡ
˿ţϴЩڡ
ӽеɫͲÿĲҶԾԴ̫
ʵ
ȭͷģſԷʵ·ŷңǻҡ
ԴֲС˵𣿹ؾǹأѵԴ㣬Ϳƻ𣿡
ۣͥȻʹͥؾǣͥʮλۣ㲻ǿ۶·ɣ
ȡԭҶ۵λãִ˳ӦõȵӦִʹؾϴ˵
ǲᾰԣ˵ʵе㲻ҡȻǷԵ̬ȣǽΪֵ˵Լɣٿȥռס
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ʲôС˵ģѵдϴ۶ԲԶ˵ʱࡣ
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ǺǡЦһ
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Ŷϴ˵Ļһ⡣
ȡҶ۵λãʲô˼ôȡҶ۵λˣ۾Ŷϴۡ


3133 Ƥ֮
ϴ۵Ŀ⣬뾰ԶƬ̣תĿ⡣
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ϴۣ˵ȡ˺ҶϹλá˼ҶϹǲҾûʸͥԼŶϴۡ
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ô᣿Զ̵ԾԴ۵ʵܽͥô˭ʸͥƴۣ
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ԴۣȡҶλòŽͥġܺҶԴ۽ͥǱȻ
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ھԴǰ쭣أŪֻԼѿ
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˵ǣҶԴ۽ͥάͥʮλۡ˵ȡҵĿ󡣡ϴ۲ò˵
ԭ۾ܺãȻĻͥˣͳô˻ᣬһ顣Ϊʹؾִ˳Ӧ±šҾԣôúҶϹִΣ
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Զ۵ˣһҲŅۣ
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ҲˣԼɡϴ۾ԼûƤȥˣվ仰е֮ȥ
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ϴһģ¼뿪˵ߡ
ٺ٣Դۣҵô۶Ծ˵ϵЦݣô͸żġ
ʵھԴ˴֮ͥǰ۾ڿλ뾰Դ۵Ĺϵˡ
Դ۵ʵġΪǶϴۡԶۣʵҲﲻԴôǿԺͥԴ۱ضǻȨԽԽصġ뾰Դۻ͹ϵԼ档
е֮ڣϴھԴǰ̬͸Å˾ġˣϴھԴǰͶס


3134 Ҫ
֮£ǸŶϴۣԺҪԵˣ
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ͻȻĻͥąۣҲЩΡϴһŸɣǾԶԸǲʲôôһίʵЩͷ
һʱ󣬾۹֮ڡ
ڷ۹⣬ԸһѶϢ
ܿ죬Ե֮⹧ӭԴۡ
ԴۣͷԼ
ȻڻǷ۹󹫾ǡȻֻԵ󹫾ôԴ

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ǰԴӾԴ۴ǰ籮磬ѹʱ䡣ͷЦ˵
ţҴ˴һЩ飬뷨۹Ե
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ԱߵģǾս񡣡
ţȷʵǾս񡣡
ս񣿺ߣλǾԴۣͥľԴۡҶѾԴնɱ

ڶߣв٣֪Ҷ¡
Խʹһ֮У뾰ףԾܾˣǷ۹Ļʹһˣλʡ
ھǰҲλ뾰һڲλ֮ϡ
Դۣ֪ʲôҪ۹ȥʵ
ǺҶ۹⡣Գ˵Ҷ۹桢κս쾡ںҶ۹ѲƿôĵռôԴ
û˵ǵȾԼ˵ȥҶ۹ȻռôԴˡԴô࣬û㹻ռݸԴΡһܹռݵԴ٣һ㶼ҵƥ䡣
һͨҪռһ۹Դǲġ
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ʵ֪۹ȼ۹ѾʼԺҶ۹ˡӺҶ۹Դ͵۹
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3136 ˭Ҳ
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Ҳûϸһ㣬˵ԪһδΪԪɡ


3139 Ψһİ취
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ֹͣѧԺķչ϶УǾսԽ顣¿ԻѧԺķչ׳󣬾ͣѧԺҹ߳ȥĻͳ˧նĵ
ս˵ˣҹδΪһǿĵ۹ԸҹΪ۹Ļʯ
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е۹ҹж΢΢𶯡ϴδǸҶ۹һˣõʱҹٵˡڣе۹ˣ֪ʲô顣


3141 Դ
Ҳ΢
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ŶǽԼˡԷ۹ǵ۹󹫾ԾǡԾǴ󹫾ЦŻӦ
ԾǴ󹫾۹󹫾֮һӵлԪϳƺšλ󹫾ս۹ҲǰۻԪռ䣬ԾǴ󹫾֣ҲǷǳзġ
Է˵ǵ۹󹫾ͳ˧ϣϸ΢ı仯ҹĴ󳼾͸ӿƲסˣδӷ۹ˣȻһ󹫾
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ͳ˧ؿԾǴ󹫾ЦŰ֣˵ͳ˧Ҵ˴ǰҷ۹֮һԴҹҪԴҪ㱾Уðţͳ˧Ҫ֡
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ͳ˧ضǣԴҷ۹ģҹսԺÿһʱ䣬ҶһԴҹЩԴͬھսҲǾԴۡ
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ͳ˧ˣԴƺٵӣһ󳼿еĴﱦ˫ĿŹʵ
һԴ֧֣ҹάڵٶȷչ׳Ӧܼһʱ˰ɣһҲ


3142 Ԫͨ
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Ц˵һԴ㹻ʹʱˡ
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ңλ۹Ĵ󹫾˵ˣÿһʱ䣬һԴҹҲ˵ЩԴ֧֣Щ߲ԱҪԴ
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Ȼ˵ڵͥѾǰôˡǣСҵߣǴԲ֪ͥĴڡ
ҲǺһֺܸߵλɡսҲ֪ǴʲôطŪôԴͳ˧ҡҡͷ˵

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ЩԪƬеĵ򣬾Ĳġҵɲĵίʵ̫ˡյıԴԽԽ࣬ЩƬڵıԴظҲԽԽࡣЩĲˡ
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ٴθоƣʱںϣŽһ㣬ֻаٷ֮һӡ˶ʱ䣬Ծȥˡ
̷һöʵԼںڰױԴ

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ǣһǷҪɿնԻԪͨĸɿգɶ޷٣ҲĻ


3143 
ԶǰҲ뾰ᵽԪͨʱٵĵɶ֡
һǺɫ򣬶һ֣ȻǰɫΪԪͨٵİɫֵȼڣ԰ԪռҲѭ򽥽
ǣҪɿգô˻Уհɫ
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ǣҲ̾͸֪˵ɶĽ٣һĿ¶⣬ЩȲҪǿΪɫǲֵ
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֮ͥУλ߳һͷھԽ֮ͥǰˡλۣһǲԶۣһǶϴۣһǹۡ
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۵ʵҲϴۡԶ۲ࡣϴۡԶˣսҪʹǿһߣҪʹߣҲǶʱģҪ˵ǻɱʹˡɹһ֣һоͽʹնɱ
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ۣ֪ǴԪȻѾ֪ԪĻԪռ䣬Ƕ԰Ԫһ棬ûʲô˽⡣ͬǴӰԪһġڣͥ۵ĿһǴԪռպڰֵ֮ߡ


3144 ǿ
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̱ҪƽȥҪһٽնɱ


3145 ״
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ۣ֮ô죿棬ӦûһЩĵӣǴǻԪռѡġϴۻһת˵֮ء
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ڣҾͽϳݻ١ЩӣҲһȥɣ۴ŭ֣ǿѹ֮£ԭΪȶ֮ؿռ䣬һĭһ㣬֮ѿ
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ҪϢԪ֪ˣһǿƵ̬ع顣һ֣ش㡣
ͥĽ˾֮أɻԪЩվڶ˵ĴڣΪʵͥˣߴ۹ĸ߲㡣ЩˣȻϲҶ˵ʲôУⲻΪͥΪǿᡣ
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ô£Ҷۣôѵֵһֱ֮𣿡۵ͳʵ
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˭ôû˵֣üʵδ˵ԪУһлԪǿɵۣѵԼ뿪ʱðɵۣ
ðɵۣôʵɱҶۣ
ۣŴԪռһЩ飬㲻֪ڣҾͽԵϢϸĸ㡣ϴ۵
㽫ľϸĶԹ˵һ顣УҲںҶ۹֮⣬ɱ˺Ҷ۵Ĺ̡
ϴ۵Ľü
һԪȻ˳ɫߣôܣһԪôܵߣһʱ䣬ֻǲ졣
֪ԪҲȷڰԪĻУﵽԶۡϴʵǼˡڰԪ޷Ĵۼǿߡ
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ۣɱ˺Ҷۣȡ˺Ҷ۵λãͥۡ£ǲԶۼƽġʱҲԣһ˷ԣûá
ˣϵǳáΪͥۺ󲻾ãȥ֮أܵĽӴҲ֪˶ıһЩʲôıֶȡԪռɣϴۼķ̰Ժ


3146 ɱ
˵ԣҲûй߸ͥ뷨
Ϊ˱ͥһͻһֱԼٵ֮ء
ȷʵ֮棬ϴ۸Ͳ֪Դۺ̸һЩʲôڣﾰԺҪݻͥ
ϴ۵仰ϵɱⶸȻǿ
֮ǰ˵ɱ˺Ҷۣ۶ԾԻûʲôɱ⣬ΪҲۣͥǼһԱɵϴ˵ϵһ󣬹۾޷ˡ
վĲԶۡ
Զۣһµô£ɱ˺ҶۣΪλͥĿŲԶۡ
Զۿ˶ϴһۣϴ΢΢⡣
ϴۣһַĸоԴӾԽͥԺ֮ͥеĵλԽԽˣ֮УԽԽԵλۣžԣǸąۣҲվ˾һߡ
Ϊʵ΢ʵҲȾԲܶ࣬ûʲô취ԸԣֻһԹ԰ûпǹԵͷ˴ϵľȾԴؾڳԭԼ
˭뵽ھԴؾ֮ǰȴǴһԪռصԪռ䣬ʵü£ǹ۵Ķ֡
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ȻۣҲûʲôأЩӡǣⲻҪԹ۵ͷȶԾԵͷҪ̫ˡ
Թ۵ʣԶüͷ
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ϴۣκ֤֤˵ģԶ۶Ŷϴ۵
ˣһ֣˵˵ҲҪ֤ݡԣȻɱҶ۵ʵ˵һԪ顣
ΪȱݵĻԪռ䣬ܵǿߡ
ߣӻԪڣ޾£ΪҲ˰ɣǣҲ뵽һЩ⡣˵
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ۣ˼ǣԪռǵĻԪռ䲻һһۿʵ
ȻһҿԸǣǸ㲻ĴۡĴۣʵֹһԪռ䣬ҲܵĻԪۡЦ˵
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ۣԴʱͥؾʹǵؾϴ̾ͻش˹۵⡣
ؾ۱ɨһۡ
ߣͥԣҲ˵
ۣʹؾʱ޷Сǿд룬ֻ»ٵؾԶ˵
Σϴ۵ûзԶ۵ĻǿдĻȷʵܻؾԻָ𺦡ؾÿζֻܽһˡңǾԷԣؾڲǾֻͨƿؾٵؾǶϴҪġ
ԪҲҲڶͥؾ֮ˡ
۳ƺڿǵʧ
ۣʹؾʱ䣬Ҳʣǧѡ磬ǵԼϴϴЦݣԹ۵
ۣҲڣƵ˼
ǵ˵ͷ˵Ǿ͵ȵȰɣ
ҶɣҶ۹ˣ˺Ҷ۹
ǣʱ¶Źֵı顣
Ҷ۹
Ҷ۹Ѿ군ˣ磬ѾƺҶ۹ΪҶˡңΪ۹Ĳ֣ںҶսûѡ
ۣҶ۹ȻڣҲԶˡϴȿˡ
ţô£üʵ
ϴۣ̽Ҷ۹ٵľԹ˵һ顣
ǺǣǼ۹湻ݵġҵҪô̵Ҷ۹
ϴۣ˵۹ǾԹϵܣ۾
ţǷ۹󹫾۹£ǾԶƴӣϴͷǣ羰һ


3147 һ
Цһ
۹ĵߣǷӰɣ
ӣԽԽȥˡ
ãǺðҵҪǵצж೤˺Ҷ۹ģҪȫʵʵ³е⣬˲
λ۶ʶ۹Ҫùˡ
ۣҲַܹ۹ɣ۹ûʲô˵Ҷ۹Դ£ҲǿġԶٴοڡ
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Զɫһף
ȻͥѾǹȥͥˡι۹ۣǶҪվˡͥΪ۵һã
ͥ
ۻ£ȥ
۵½صͥ󣬹۱Ըͥ󷨳ԺͥлԪǰڶͨء
ϴۣ㽫Ǽ۹ĵսеߣй۶Զϴ۵
йͥϴһ¡
ţһɨ˶ϴһۡ
ǣ֪ˡڣҾ͸ǴѶϢɽͥܲϴ˵꣬ת뿪Щ۹ԱѶϢˡ
ͬʱشϢҲˡ
Դڷ۹սλ֮ͥĴڣͲǰôˡСңȷͥĴˡ
ͬģ֮ҲǱ֪ǺҶ۹֮ĴսУҶ۱Դնɱ֮صĴڣ͸ӹˣһЩĸ߲Ա֪֮ص֪֮һλʵ֮ͥϡ
ش
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ʵ죬ӣڹУ
ͥܲҲˣ
۵ʵôǿѵȥԪУܱøǿ𣿡
Ԫռ䣬Ҫִ䶯ˣι۹Ҫһ֪㵽ȥˣ
ڶҵĸ߲㣬һ֮У۲ŻԪռľƣԤԪռᷢһЩʲô顣
˵ҪԾԴ۶֡
ۣѾԴ۴ͥԺԴ۽ͥĴۡ
Ҫɱԡ
ǹ۶֣ս϶ҲǲС
вٹҵĸ߲Ա˵ͥܲţǾǽɽ֮ͥܲ⡣
֪ͥܲڽ籮粻ԶĵطԺ׾ҵˣҿֺյĽ
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۹۹ȼ۹ͬʱӵͥϢ
۹ʹ
£ϴۣҪȥͥսü
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ѾԤеȥͥȻʲô¡
Ƕϴ۴ѶϢϴۣ뾰սĹϵ˭֪
£սؾ𣿡սʵ˾ԣҲ֪Խͥؾе顣
ӦǣսؾӦûиϢشϢʹ𣿡ֵ˵ͷ
˴ų齻̸Уˡ
ӣվ
棬ڸô죿ʱҲû⡣
۵вǷ۹ܿһ¡ϾҪԸһ۹ҲסǹۣĶ֣ʵֲס
ô찡ֻһһˡͥܲҲǱȻҪȥġҡҡͷҲûκΰ취롣
ǰͥȻҪȥġȥֻµȹԽ٣Ǿ͡ȻЦЦ˵ۣ϶Ҫ˵ںҶ¡棬Ҳ׼ʵڲУͽӺҶԴȥ
۹ֵ۹ȼңҲǲΡӺҶԴģɲֻз۹Ǽ۹ǣ
ھͲ֮УЩ۹ĵս漶ǰͥˡǣЩȥȴӶҡ
۹½ִͥ
ǵִͥȴû̽УǱȴ
۹Ǽ棬໥佻ûһˣԴкõԤС
λԪĹۣ֪Ҫ
һΣ㷨۹»Ǽѹˡ˵׿˵Ҫɱս񣬶㷨۹Ǻǡ۹Ц˵


3148 
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ȷʵûɫ˵߹һȥ֮أشټǼ۹ԱͥǺǣ»ҪǽӺҶ۹õԴȥ
ǼõһЩķ۹õԴɱǶöࡣ
㷨۹뾰սϵǺ˵ۻ᲻ΪսĹϵǨŭڷ۹˵
ܱҪһ˹ۣپ˵˵
룬ͷۡ
ⲻΪ׼룿룬һ׼ȻЦݡ
㻹ǶԼİ۹ɣ۹£ġ濴һ˵
淢ʱ˲١
۹棬ȻۣͥҲǻԪռ֮е顣ڷǰֵ֪̫ġ
۹ĵս͹ҵߣһ֮ͥաǣһֱûǽ֮ͥڣû뿪
ͥ۱ȽϤĵ۹棬ҲǴѶѯʣҲûеõκεĻӦ
еĲĳ
ۣʲô˼ټֽһԲܣ
鴦Ҫʱ䣬ȫȻȥȵæ֮ٽټǡ
˱ֲ֮У˰µʱ䡣
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һգϴڳ棬۹Ա˽ȥ
۹ԱŶϴۣͥһ֮С
ۣѾλڴ֮ڡ½ʱ򣬹񣬷ֱÿһ˵ɨ
۾λá
ڣβ٣ΪƬ棬ֻһΣǹ۴ʱλڹ·һΣۣͥһϡ棬Ρ
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ʵ۹ˣһҲͲʮͲʣҲ۹Ѿȫ롣ѯʶϴۣȻǹġ
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ţЩ˶ʶȤҵϣʶȤĶɱڵ˵
۹ԱʱһĲ˹ۻе˼˸ҲҪˣ
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·ΣȻǸ׼ġ
ǹһǡǸңǶԺҶ۹ʲô֮󣬹۱̿ʵ
һƬĬ
۹Աһʱ䶼ûпڡϷֺҶ۹Դ£۹н롣
˵Ц
ӣ˵ۣ򷨳۹ĵ߷档
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ۣ֪Ҫ֪һЩʲôվԹ۹˹ʵ
ңʱ䣬۹ԺҶ۹ʲôۿŷ档
۹ӺҶ۹ȡһЩԴӦ
Ҷ۹ʵѾﲻ۹ļԲӦüռ۹Դԣ۹۹飬ӺҶ۹ȡֵԴֲһ䡣
۴Цһӣ϶ԽԽȥˡ
湪Ĭ
˵˵㷨۹ӺҶ۹˶ԴҪĿʵ
ع۵ĻӺҶ۹ȡԴֱӸ𡣷棬ûв¡վԹۼ˵
ӺҶۡκս֮󣬷۹һӺҶ۹ˡ۹ȡԴȽϾȷĸ˹ۡ
ǵθڻ治СŶʱ䣿Ǿ̳ô࣬㹻ʱ䣬ҪҶ۹Թˣ󣬵ȴ͸Ȼĺ⡣
ңǾԣʲôϵ漴ʵ
սҹսǰμսλո¶ͷǣսλеʮ۹ΪսǱ޴˾ս󹫾ݡͷش


3149 ˡ
ڳΪ۹󹫾֮󣬾սʵȻǼٵ̶ʱڣǳԽ˺ҶۡΪսҶۺͺҶ۹гԹԡҶۺͶκնսɱ˵
˶ȴϢһȵ
ĶԪ鹴ᣬͼ߸ҹԪ۵˪
Ԫ
ʲô
۹ˣ΢΢һ㶡
ʱ䣬ͥˡԺԪͽԪǰԪռûоֵġ
Ȼˣ˵ͥ飬ʵͥ۸Ͳ顣ԣЧͥǾ͹Ҷ˵Ҫҹ۳
ˣô˻֪ǡԺԪռ䣬ͽйԪۼ۹ԱЩã˵һ䡣
ӡ㻹ˣǹԪ飬ɱҹԪߣ֪۵Ļֻص˷۹˵ϡ
ۣǲ˼˵սԪ飿̧Ŀһ۹ʵ
ߣǱԪ飬ôʵɱҶۣߵ
⡭ôܣüͷ
װһ֪ӣ뽫⼸˶ȫɱģΪķϣǲ۹ԺͲҪˡڵķ۹ֱӲҶ۹ΪҶ۹ķֽ򡣡۰˰֡
Զ۵ж̾һ
ǼҲҪȥˡͥΪ׼һطԺ󣬾Զסطɡ˵
׼ĵطһΣ桢ս
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ۣ㲻ôǣȷʵ֪սԪ顣ңսȻɱ˺ҶۡκˣδƻԪռ䡣غ
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ۣ㲻˲ľ۹Ȼñˣǰչ۵ĴǽԶʧȥɣ۹ҲΪʷ
룡ֱֻ̧̧ۡ
ʱе򶯵ֲϯɺ嫵
ֻоһױȵĿֲѹͼֵ߾ȫģҲ޷ס
ۣһѪӿ֮ȥ
飡µѹù˵ϣɫһƬɷס
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ۣŹһΡæ˵
Ҳĸоѹܹġ˵ְֹͬҲֵס
۵ʵǿ޷ĵز
ߣٸ룬Ҳٸڶλᡣ۷ƣѹϵʧ
۹Ա۹ˣͷҲǷǳ¡۹Ȼ֮ǰ֮ͥ⻹٩Ҳû뵽۹³Ȼ̶ֳȡԺ۹ڣս񣬸Ҫ֮ͥڡ
ۡվ񣬼˵۹Ҳ˲ٺҶ۹Դڣ۹£Ѿ֪ˡǣ˫⳥Ҷ۹ʧӺҶ۹˶Դȫ˫ȥ
ۣ뾰ûκεĹϵҶۣھеʱǰ۹ҲǴΣʵ̫ǿˣۣͥȷʵҲû취Ըԡһһԡ
΢ˣü
ȻҲΪԾȣҲ̫һЩɣ
ⷬǺЧ۵ϣ¶Ц⡣
ţ¶Ц⡣
۹ǾûϵѾ֪ˡռҶ۹ԴʵǵóеԴⲻСҡҡͷ
ǰĻͷ˲٣ɵĻһ
ʮɣ۹ռ˶ٺҶ۹Դʮȥ۵
嶼ڷʮҲ̫ˡ˵ܾĻɾԶողǿվ
ǣӦּл۵Ŀˡ֮ģҰ۹Ļᡣ


3150 ܶ
ڹǰ̬ܵͣ˵Ǳ΢ˡ
Ҫ۹Ҷ۹ʮԴ΢һ¶ҡ
۹棬򱣳ֳĬ
ܶ£ȥɣ۳ЦЦڰ֣ȥ
۹⣬ǹȥˡ
ۣԪ۹ҲԸóӺҶ۹ʮԴ⳥Ҷ۹ʧԪ۹³Դվۼ
ۣ۾ȴ
Ŀ³ԴƿԪ۹ף档
ףоĿ⿴Լ̧ͷһȻжʱ
ף룬˵֮ǰַҲ˽籮硣ۿڣףѯʡ
ع۵Ļκַ֮ǰȷʵ˽籮硣ףվ˵
ǿźҶ۹ս죬Сɱģʵ
ףЩңɫҲࡣ
ɱսȴֻһԿţûֹ£Цһ
ۣڽ籮ʱʵѾǳǿ籮ʮ޶ܽΪɵɱս񣬿ʵף˵
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ߣһ
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ûСףͷ
ûԸ⳥Ҷ۹ʮԴ³ԴҲͷ
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۹ֻ⳥ʮԴԪ۹ȴҪ⳥ʮԴǽֻҪ⳥ĸࡣ
۹Աƣʱȫսһͬ۱ʾԼĹԸ⳥Ҷ۹ʧ
ٸߵ۹ı΢Ҳı̬ȡ
죡һȡ
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ʲôһ񣬴һһɨ
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ٸߵ۹Ҷ۹⳥һٱԴ۾˵
һٱԴ⳥
ۣ΢ûڣ߾ȿˣ۸֪Ϊٸߵ۹Ҫ⳥һٱԴ
һٱԴ⳥ʵ̫һЩ
ȻΪϷֺҶ۹Դʱ仹Ƚ϶̣ٸߵ۹ӺҶ۹õԴԻ࣬Դһٱǿɾһ侪˵ˡ
ٸߵ۹Ҫһó֮ԴҲǷǳѡֻܣͨԴķＯ
Ǻǣ߾Ϊʲô۶߾档
ҲãҲǻԪռ˵ķϣҾ͸ԭ򡣡
һٸߵ۹辰С󹫾ݡڶ߾ڽ籮ͬûֹСɱսҪ⳥һٱԴǸҡߣ۴ɱ˵
߾棬һ˫üë黨
΢ɫҲǷǳѿҪ辰ս󹫾ݣġڣȴΪŭҪٸߵ۹Ʋá
ۣٸߵ۹Ѿ֪ˣ⳥ܲٵ㣿΢˵
Ǻǡٸߵ۹ٸּۻۣҾٸߵ۹ȥŷ۹ᣬ仰ȴشڱ΢ϺݺݵĴһ¡
΢촽˶վûи˵΢Լǲٸߵ۹ʹܣõ۹ԼСȻһٱԴ⳥ȷʵܱܶ࣬ҶҪǧ򱶡
ˣǿɻʲô˵𣿡ۼ΢߾治˵ֳʼ۹Ա
û˿ڡ
ȻûˣǾմִаɣ
ҸµʱＯҪ⳥Ҷ۹ԴҪЩԴ͵ͥ
סֻµʱ䡣һ죬⳥ԴҪһ
۰Եڴл졣
ǣۣǶˡ۹Ա΢ЩҵӦ
ۣڣǷԻȥʼＯԴˣ۹ЦŶԹʵ
ȥǺǡЦһǣͥʵʵŰɣûҵκ˲뿪ͥΥߣ
ڳＯԴ飬ǴѶȥֽ˵һ䡣
ڵĵ۹ԱȫЩɵۣۡҪҲͥ


3151 ʱ
۹Աǿۡ
ֻط۹桢սΪʲôҪˣ
λ
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ǧʱ䣬㳤á
ϴۣ⼸۵Ķȥۻ˻֣Զϴ۵
áϴæ
۹۹ĵǴѶԼĹ۹߲Ｏ㹻Դ͵ͥܲ
֮ͥܲ⣬ɵﲻ
Ϊͥ󷨳ȥʱ䲻лԪռвɵ۶Ϊǰ֮Уû˿ͥģ
һЩɵۣǻԪϼɵۣҲܴδͥӴ󹬵ĿصĽǿԶɵǰհҲͺˡ
۹군ˡ
桢սѱ
ǰŹ۵˼ˣԶʧȥɡ
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꣬ԡֻҪ˵ˣǱ֪ҲҪ֡ɵۡ
˵ʹͥؾȾһؾ۾ͻԾԳ֡
ΪʲôھͶԾԶأ
ΪؾȽ⣬ֻܽһˡؾ֮ڣ˱޷롣룬ܻܿؾˡңؾսؾ͸ܱסˡۣҲͥؾٵɡ
ʱս»֪淢ɣɵ۵
ţӦǲ֪֪ͥؾߴ۹ؾǵģֱӴѶҪ֪ͨԣǾ͵õؾ֮⡣ǣûܵؾ⣬۲ۣҲû취֪ͨԡһ׼Ԫϼɢɵۿ˵
Բ֪ҪɱǣؾʱҲʱ˳ĺһ

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ڵĻʹаǧʱûʹˡκ֮󣬺Ҷ۹δƾٳµĵΪ۹ĸԤҶ۹ҲǱȽϻҡ
ڽ죬Ҷ۹Ĺ֮ڣȴһƬϲá
Ҹ߲ۼάʹ󹫾ĸۡ
λǺҶ۹Ļᣬˡάʹ󹫾Ŀо˸
Դӵվսɱ֮⣬κͺҶ֮Ҷ۹㴦ڻҡã֮С
Ȼά͵˼άţΪδûϣңǴ𽥱״̬
ǹҵĸ߲ԱҲʧȥġ
Ź۵ĹҶ۹ֻµ
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ֵ۹ȼңΪȡҶ۹ԴҪɳԱҶ۹ĽռֿԴġڣ⼸۹Աǳ˺Ҷ۹Ľ
ţȺ쵰ܵÿ졣˺Ҷ۹ĶùԹԵĻۣѾ۹ٵۣͥΪǵ۹άʹ󹫾ͷһʹ޵ı˵
ɶĻǸԡĶǺ޲ýʬΡһҧгݵžԡ
⾰Ի˶ˡֽۣɱάɵϣ¶Цݣ˵ʱҲԽɽǰͥڣۿǾӱնɱ
ţһҪȥ
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Ҫۿţ۽СԴժ

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λλһ£ΪǺҶ۹Ӧøһ֡άɵ΢΢һ
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ҶͶκѾɡǵĹңкҶ۹ǲ룬罫ָĳɹ۹ֻһôùۣչǡǣָۣһλһλս񡣡άɵۻ˵
ͬάʹ󹫾顣
Ҳͬ⣬ֺܺá
ֻǡۻͬǽҶ۹Ϊ۹𣿡


3152 ں
˴ǸΣӵһҿѲ̫⡣
ǰ֮ͥУҲֻкҶ۴һ۹ۣûֱӴҡ
Ϊǵ۹ͷӦûԸǵ۹Ϊ۹ɡάʹ󹫾˵Ȼ˵ʱȱš
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УǾɲԶȥ°ɣҸʱ䣬ǺܺãòáǺǡ˵󣬷һЦȻûм˵ȥ˭֪ʲô˼
۷ģҶ߾ȫ´áԶ۶Թ۹˹ֵھͳǰ۹ˡ
ԶҪǰ۹£ȻΪĶϴ۵ƨԶۣнڲٵġ֮´£ҪҲΪ˷۹롣öϴȥ£ǲ֪жٷɵۻ
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ǧԶһڰױԴںϣҲȡ˲СĽչȻȷʵǴڽ֮С
ԴɹںϣپһƣӦþΪԪ˰ɣҲԼȫȷڰױԴںϺܹΪ˵Ԫ
һ㣬ԿȷֻҪܹɹںһһ̺ܣԶԶյκһڰ˫ɫԴ


3153 Թ
Ԫ򣬱Ƚ͛VȻǰ֮ӣ֮ͨӻصԪܲԪ϶Ϊһʱ͸ȷˡ
ǧʱ䣬ת˲
վûںϳɹǰڰڵıԴҡͷ̾Ϣ
ںϴﵽһ̶ʱ޷¾Խ߾ܣҲ޷ںϵһ
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ԭ򣬾յıԴǲ㡣
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ҪոıԴҪôѰĻԪƬҪôİ취
ȥ̸̸Ѱ˼š
ռʮϰԴұڰױԴںϡ
еڣҪռʮµıԴѶǼˡܻصԪǿԲϽϹżѰһԪƬȻⰵԪռ䣬µĻԪƬ̫ˡ¶һĨεı顣
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Сܵ˶Ȼܵˣ඼ǹ۹߲㡣
Ҷ۹Ѿǧǰµ־ǹ۹ۣҶ۹
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ԣ㹥۹ʱû뵽ԼҲнհɣ۹һĳžԺ
⺰Ŀһ˳֪ǺҶ۹һԪϼɵۣǰںҶ۹Ĺ⣬Խֹ
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ۣ㿴СӣǸԡϴǰһЩָžԣԹ۵
ۣȻû۱ˣȻ۵֣֮ͥһԶۡϴۣͥͷ
۵ˣӻԪˡԿ˿ֿۣ˿Լûˡ
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Ƿۡ
۸ڲԶûκα仯һԵġ
ھѯʷ۵׷ʲôʱǹۣȴһۡ
֣ĿɱڣĶҿ
۶ŷۣ䣬̽ƣŷĻȥ


3154 
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Źһĳؼӿܲѹȥ
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Ȼ˫Ĳ̫ˡǹ۵Ķ֣۵ʵȲԶۡϴۻҪ΢һԹ۵Ĺ۽߾ȫҲǵֵס
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ƺǾãѾӳԼģԱԾԶ˵һЩ
ڹ˵ⷬʱ򣬴֮ͥУ۹桢սҲ˳
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⼸۹Ա˾ԣһĿⶼЩӡ
Сڵˡ۹Ժ̾ʹ£˵Եڵˡ
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ԵɫҲȫ
ڣұ֤ûֻǼ򵥵˵һ䡣
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ǿЦڹǰҴԲѡҵ뿴ôҺڡĿЦ·Цһ㡣


3155 ս
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ĵˣΨȱٷ۹ˡ
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Ԫռ䣬˰ɫԴ򣬴ӶʵȵȡԼı׽

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ۣϾǴһԪʱ͵飬еʱ䣬ȾԶ򱶡ͨԪͨǰԪеʱҲ̣İɫҲ֮С


3156 ʥ޻Ǭǧػ
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3163 Ԫǿ
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3164 ɽȫò
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ӻԪͨǰԪռ䡣ԣҲûǰԪռ䣬ǲܾô뿪ġΪͨԪͨǰԪǾͲ֪ʲôʱܻԪĺڰ׺ӣɲԼ̫áԾҪ뿪ҲõȽԪڰ׺ӵ⡣
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3165 ˵
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ˣ仹Ԫռõһɿտʯ
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Զ۵ЦЦ
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ţҲҵǵġĻԪռ䣬ٶֻ¸죬ߵʵҲǿ֮·ҪǰУҲһ˳ܻ衣Ψдˣ̤۷塣Զ۵
ĻҲеԵͷ
Ĳ˵Լһ·ҲǾһкܶΣҲǿŻ
Զۣо𣿡תʵ
Ե⣬ԶȴǺһ£ƺЩݵӡ
Զۣʲôֻ˵ǣ֮䣬ˡ԰Ц
Դۣ⡭ʵЩ˽ġ
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ҲһһλԪͨſһЩء

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ԴۣҶһ䣬ǷѾһֵϴﵽɵۼɣͻȻڣžʳôһ⡣
Ĵ𰸣Ȼд۶֪ġ


3167 
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еġڵң޷֮ͨӻصԪҡͷ˵Ԫ밵Ԫ֮ӣȻһġǣģȴǲ֮ͬӵĴ󲿷֣ڰԪ֮ڡԪԪԺСҪӰԪȥԪ쳣ֲˡ룬ֻĴۣпͻɣ
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ԴۣϣǷп԰æĵطԶʵ
ԿŲԶ۵ˣҡͷЦ˵ڴҲǰﲻʲôæġԪжãҲ֪ġ


3168 ȫں
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ԴۣؾǰҲǿԵġЧǻήһЩԶ۵
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ɵۣ̫ˡǡЩɵۣǻûʲô취ȻԪռɵ۶ѾںˮأЩɵۣҲܰѹһºɫˮ޵Ĳɱǰﲻʲôæһɵˣֻ¦һˡ泱ɵټӿ˵
ȥˮءԵ
ˮأǵһɵۺ¦ˣΪӻԪںˮϽһؿڡԪռɵǣͨ󷨣æѹɫˮ
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Ժ泱ɵۣźˮطȥ
ɵۣڰ׺ӸĿռ򣬳ֿռĸƵҹģҲԽԽǣСһЩһӳĻᶼûоͻᱻɡ泱ɵۿڣԾ˵
޷ģֱ߷мɡ԰ڰ˵
泱ɵüû˵ʲô
ɵ۵ǿ󣬲ܱȵģɵۣ¦һɴǸεĴڡܱ¦һɴ˻ҪǿһЩϾͷܹնɱҪ͹鹦ھɵۡ
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ڿռ̮еɵۣ泱ǵһ϶Ҳһ
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ģȴǾɵۣԼֱۡһΣӾɵӿ
֮䣬ɹΣǸ̮Ƭռ䣬ȻҲ泱ɵۡ
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Ե泱ɵۻع
ŶŶ泱ɵۿԷ˹ȥ


3175 ˮ
泱ɵۣԾľη
ǰľɵ۵ȻҲǷǳǿնɱɵۣ˫ɵۡǣֻֿռ̮ǳ泱ɵ۵泱ɵ֪Ҫкεǿܹסռ̮֮
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ʱˮڣɵۣԪռŶɵۣ
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泱ɵۣôôͻˣˮУһ
˵ģһɫ۵ɵۣǾԵˣɵۣҲԪзǳһɵۡ
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ɵ˵仰󣬲ʶ泱ɵ߶һˡһǾɵ˭
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ҳһԪռΪԪһԪռ䣬ΪԪ
ڰԪռ䣬Ҳһڰ׺ӡԪĺڰ׺ӣȴԪռڰ׺Ԫĺڰ׺ӣȶԪռ䣬Ҳδй𡣡Լ˵š
ڰԪһֱ޷ֱ֮ǰҲܴӰԪصԪԿ˿泱ɵ˵ջ泱ɵۡ
벻ǻԪһ棬һԪռ䡣¦˵
ԴˣԪҲɵɵ۵𣿡ʵ
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ԵĻȫɵ۶ǳ𾪡
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3176 ˽⾰Եʵ
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3178 ֻܷԸ
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Դѹƺɫˮֻܽȼü֮Ҫ׽⣬취ҡҡͷ˵
ô˵ѾΪԪȡ˺ܶʱ䡣¦Ц˵
ţʱڣԪǰȫġ˵¦ǰһһЩ˽Ҫ뿪ˮһʱ䡣飬Ҫλѿš
û⣬뿪ԪôãҲûȥˮͷİɣһһֱԶš¦ͷ
áԶ¦֡
λѣһţҲᵢ̫á˽æ꣬ұ̻صˮءֶɵ۵
Դֻܷȥǡ
ûڣûǸĻ޸ţĹҲء
˷׷Ц˵


3180 ӭһ£
뿪ڰ׺֮󣬾˲ƻصڣ磬ɵĻ磬Լļ硣
λҪԼˣԪռ䡣
ڻ磬ΪǿˡϴξԻصʱ򣬾Ҿǿ칬ȵȡ
ڻڵǣҲ磬ΪһС
뾰ҳУڣаˣǾӵܡ
ЩӵУкܶ࣬ǾԵĺ
ڽ֮ǰԾͿһ޴ĵǵԱˣгһĿԶҲǾҳеı־
ѰӳŽУŷĽֵﲻߣҲǸпЩˣ֪ܶԪռҪ𡣻ԪռôеĻ磬ȻҲ⡣еˣڿռȥ
ң·Ҿԣ߾ȫֹаת
ڽֵϿһᣬԱƶ򾰼ҵĸۡȥҸۡǳȻеĳҲǾˣҸۡиߵ塣ܹھҸۡģǾΪɫĵӡڸۡһּΪҫ顣
ֹǾҸۡ𿿽ۡ⣬
þԲҪҸۡ
ԲЦЦ˵ƿڣ
ԵĻü΢΢һ㶡Ϊ˵֣ЩϤƺ־úҪԶ
ƣȻǾԵĶӡ
ţѵھҸۡڣԿЩãȻı飬΢΢ü
һȻһ
㡭˵ĿҾҾ棿ǣ˭
棬ɲǽоֻѰʱ䣬˸ֱӳƾ֣ǻЩͷھǰҲùģ
ǰˣ˭
棿ԵıЩŹ֡
ƵͣȷʵСˡȻ˵ǷڻԪռ䣬ԵҲСеСҪ˵Ǿ֮Ӿˡ
㡭ôֱҼ䣿žԣ
ˣоƳҡһ˵
ʵȫһͽ뾰Ҹֻۡλص磬Щǰȥ뵽֣Ҳǲꡣ
Լһ·Уһ·ƺȷʵҲûжʱ䣬Լ˵ϡ
㡭šԼƲҲðȻοԷֱԼ֣Լʲôأ
ƣһֱסھҸۡԺ֮С֮ǰһ㲻ھҵ峤Ҳ֪ٱ
ۡȻǲֱӼƵġҵǾ峤峤ʱպھ뾰˵һЩз顣
峤ǰԺԺԺĻͨ
ԺһܽġǾӵܣҲֻ˿ںԺ߶ھľӵ˵ԺҲµġǿܶ˵סˣֻмѡ
棡
峤Ժһ;峤ǰ
ϣʲô𣿡û˵峤̧Ŀʵ
Ǹۡŵ˵ǡЩ¡
ôˣ峤Ŀʵ
˵֮иˣҪ棬ҡҴֱ䡣ҲҵԲò峤ͨ峤㣬ǡЦ˵
ԺĻҲѰˣһӽ𼶵ߣǺ֮ǰ͸ھߵˣĹ峤óһϡ
Ŷԭ΢΢ŵ۾ͻȻ¶Ц⡣
Ҫң
ðɣͼһҲλѪҪҡЦ˵
棬Ǹ˻˵ҪȥϿЦ
Ȥ
ȷʵȤ⵽˭ôļӡ峤ҲЦˣ˵ҾңȻӲˣСҲӲѹˡļһЩ̫˰ɣҪҾ棬ȻҪԳӭ
Ǻ칬ĹŮҲûôļӰɣ峤Ц˵
ԷûԼ𣿡ϡ
ʱЩˣûüѯʡԷĻʵ̫ˣֱ䣬ȻᱻסҡͷЦ˵
Ҿȥӭһ£ƿ˿ϣֿ˿峤
棬ôУȥɣԷʲôҾͽ뵽Ժ峤վԾƹ˵


3181 ̫
磬˭ʸþԳӭ
峤ȥӭһ£ǸԷˣԷڼͷԣҲ㹻ˡ
šһȥɣҲãûлˡ΢Ц˵
ѾǾ棬òǱȽġƵǺܸߵģ丸ԵԵʣþƵԴʹʼճ㣬ϽһֱǱȽϿġ
峤Ȱ˵Ѿûٶ˵
ܶԷ˭ӭˡЦ˵
ЦŰ֡
ǰ峤ֺ˳˺Ժ
ۡ
ˣæͷ峤ϤϾ峤Ҫ¶ġԾ棬ɾЩİˣȻҲһμ棬ҲǺܾúܾ֮ǰˡ
棬ǲ֪ж꣬ûй¶档
ݼ档ϥ¡
ţλҪҵˣڸۡ𣿡ƽ͡
ǵģ
㲻𣿡ʵ
δܸоЩϤü˵
ھҸۡģֻͨҲѰܹʤΡҸۡĵͼӣڻ磬ǵλҲԲ͡ԣھǰҲҰס
ЩϤ
Ǻǣȥһ֪ˡ΢ЦͰ
棡
Ҿ档
ˣҪȥ
кܾãû뿪Ժˡ峤棬ѵʲôҪˡ
ҸۡլԺеһЩӵܣ˾ƣ󲿷ֶԶԶĹǰǾˣǰʸûСھҸۡǶӵзǳʺġ
֮󣬾ƺ峤ˣ㵽˸ۡš
λͬҪҾư
߳ͬʱˬʵЦ˵
ֻǣۡһۿվľԣʱɢˡ
Ƶɴ۾žԾͺһͨǰվڸ֮ۡ⣬Լ
״ˣƽ¶Ȼӿ죬ǰ
Ϊɵۡ
״ˣĸףǲǾ̫Ͼ𣿡д𣬽ȥ
û뵽׾Դ˻ͻȻһθ״˻ص磬Ҳ֮ǰˡ
峤СĵĿ˾һֱۣǼԱ˵ģϴξԻʱȻǾ峤Ҳո¶ͷǵҪԱˡ
󱲾ݰݼ̫ˣݹߵס
ҵ峤ݣҲǾԲ֪ٱˡ
ɣǰô΢Ц˵
״ˣôҲҴѶƿЦ˵ۡûϳ㣬Ǹ
˵ʱɫɷס
˺ˣûңϲҲ顣Եûй˼˵˵һĴ̫ˡ
ȥ˵ɣȲ븮ۡ
Ƶˣ
һĻ󣬿羰ӵУޱȵ𺳡
ô£
λ˭
棬ôڴ󣿡
ЩϤʲôط
ҲúϤǼһȴ벻

ôˣ
룬λе񣿡һӵܵĿƿˡ
ѵѵλǾҵ̫ˣ
ôһ˵˱㶼ӦûھǰǸˣȷʵ񡣿ɳеǾ̫ϡλǾ񻰵Ĵ档ûλͲڵľҡûλҿܻһ͵ڵС壬˵磬ڵܶ޷ɣ
ʶλʲô˺ӵܣ
ۡһУס
游ĸأʾƣǲڸۡ𣿡
Ƶ游ĸȻǾԵĸ׾¼Ϻĸ׳ˡԭԾ¼Ϻͳǵʣ޷е̫߾ġͣԪȻͶ̡ԣԼø׺ĸףﵽ˽ϸߵо磬Ԫ
״ˣ游˺ĸˣܾûˡӵǳѶǶõúܡ游˺ĸˣһֱסСõؾ֮СƻӦ˵
ƵãѩѩʣȾƻҪǿһԾѩȾƸﵽ𾳽硣
ţԵ˵ͷ
״ˣλҪߵģѾ׼ˣ̧ͷĿ⾧ž˵
ƣҲǸΪĻԪˡ


3182 
ڻ磬еյ㡣ǻԪԴﵽߵľ磬ΪԪɵۡ
ǣԵͷ
λص磬ڻ֮ǰԾд˴㡣ʱѲˡ
ƾϲ
ΣһὫǶԪռ䡣ȻѾ׼ˣǺܺá΢Ц˻Ԫռ䣬ԼܳΪԪɵۡⲢһߵ·
״ˣӶŬڻԪ˸״˵档վ֣˵
뾰һᣬԱ뿪˾Ҹۡ뿪ʥԳھҵĳС
Ե˾ѩؾ
ؾǾѩԼٳġ񣬾¼ϡǣоԵӸ߷ѩסʤյؾ֮С
ؾ󷨸Ѱ޷롣ھǰЩֶΣȻСơԼûκ谭ģŮѩؾ
ԣͻȻ߷ǰ
ͻȻֵӰ߷ﱻһ
߷￴ǾԵʱ򣬶ʱϲ뾰ԻС
ĸ߷ļЦ˵ȥ׺ĸס
ʱѩһ˵ѩԸģһʱ򣬺л뾰ĸ׳һ𣬰ѩĻˣҲϲѩ̸
ĸסԺ͸߷ͻȻǺͰѩǰ
ԣˣѩԣͬϲû߷
ӣͻȻˣͻȻͻˡԵֱۣĿ顣
˭ˣ
һ¼ϵӰ߳
Ӽ״ˣԹ
¼˾Ƭ̣ˬʵЦգĸײ㣬Ҳ֪ǻԪôˡ죬Ϳˡ
һֱܺãø׺ĸ׹һˡԹӦ
ףˣ㡭ôģһ겼õĸ󷨡ѩҲˣѩԸѩмƣ׿
ԶãԼ׽УŮѩܻȳΪԪɵۣҪôǰѩ
ǵС𣿡Ц˵һ䡣
ôǵСˣҷĲõĴ磬Ҳûȥءѩ˵һ䡣
һˣЦ̸˼䡣
סĸף߷ѩжѩɫ
˼ˣҲžԡ֪Ҫ˵ȽҪˡ
λǽԪռ䡣˵
ףҪȥԪ𣿡ѩȿڣȻȤġ
¼ϵˣûʲô仯˵ȥȥԪ򣬿Ҳû̫𡣶߷ͰѩǸϣܳԣͲôҪˡ
ԣԶԾѩЦŵͷ
Ԫռ䣬ܻᷢһδʡΣҽǴԪռ󣬱Ҫ鷳ܽԺˡڲԶδұԳˡԻ˵
ֻ˵Ǳʣû˵ԪռҪ
úڰ׻Ԫ϶ΪһҲͿԷˡֻ֮Ҫɳŵ´۸𣬾Ϳˡ
ûıǡ¼Ͽһ۳ǣ˵
ţһΣҿܻһЩ˽Ԫռ䡣⼸գһȥһЩʽѣǵ˼ȥԪռģ㶼ϡ˵
գ뿪˾ѩؾǰ칬
칬ǻǿ֮һԴӾԽ칬øŮŮǹݡ
֮УԿƵӴ󹬵顣칬ǺȻȴɣԶû汾ˣȴǾԴߡ
Ϣ΢΢һһŵ򲨶ݳȥ
칬֮ڵŮ΢΢һ칬ǿߣҲ칬̧ͷۿ
ɵۣŮԣϵرʧЦݸ֡
ŮҲòΪŮӡ
ŮԹ
Ҫ˵磬˸ĸ֮⣬ҲֻŮдˡûŮҲû顣Ůﱾԭʼ飬壬Ů֡˵ûŮûоЩˡ
ɵۣҿɲ񡣡Ůܿˡ
ҾԼɣǰҾ۴ﵽߵľ磬Գֿ˵
ҲãŮ΢ЦҲ˵һЩ飬ڻԪ顣վϢһЩĶǵĴš
Ծԣʱһ
ţһɫӰɳ۹ĿһǾ


3183 
һϮɫ۵ľݣԸɡ
һ棬һŵǱԵõġھԵİ£Ż㹻
뾰ԵĹϵһֱǳ׽ʱ򣬾Ҳ辰Դİ
ҲˣЦŶԾ
ôܲǶˣҵȻҲԣڿҲﵽ𾳽ˣСҡ֣žԵı˵
ԿЦõ
ףŮҲڣԿھŮ
ŮŮĽá
ɵۡŮԼ
ŮһǶλǰҾԾСԲ
ԣδӻԪ𣿡Ůתʵ
ţһ¡칬ǣǵ˼Եͷ
ʲô飿Ȳ
ˣǣǷǰԪռ䡣Ե
ԵĻŮ˶Щݡ磬ϢЩΪԵԵʣɵĻ磬ҲܵõһЩԪռϢġ
ڻ磬ΪȼԵʣ޷˻Ԫռ䣬ŮǣܳΪԪɵۡȻڻʵҲͦõģѡҲûʲô⡣Բһ䡣
ȻҪȥԪˣҶѾﵽ𾳽硣ôУҶֻ𡣾ԣҪȥԪ򡣡Ｑ˵
ԼҲǰԪ򣬵ǰ׾ͨɵµĿСǿ飬Ūǻֱġ
û⡣ԶԾЦ
ֿŮŮλأλʱ䲻ܳλҲȥԪ򣬾͵׼һˡ
ȥԪҲãֻǡ칬ô죿ŮüǺ칬Ĺ
֮λһ˹ǡȻ˵
ţҲСȶоΪڣʲôӡŮͷ˵ԣҾͬԪŮ裬أ
һ𡣡ŮŮ˵
Ůｫ칬֮λһ칬֮ڣҲˣҪǰԪ򣬵ûͬǣֻ˵Ժлᣬػ硣
ŮŮﻹо뿪칬ؾѩؾѩˣ׼ãھԵִһ˱ǰҳʥԳǡڵʥԳ֮ǰԱ㴫ƣǵȺڳ֮Ⱥ
游ˣĸˣ״ˣĸ״ˣˡԵ˺󣬾¼ϵȵԱ
֮󣬲Ů˴к
Ц
ЦʲôƵۿž
ҾúЦ磬߸ϵľҾ棬ʱȴһСƽǼ棬Ҳǵһȵء۾ȡЦơ
Ʒ˷ۣ
ˣ׼һ֡
˶ʱ׼
ֱָۣչռʱŤΡת˲䣬һɫͨڳ֡
ĸףȽԶԾ¼Ϻͳǵ
¼ˣûκε飬Ա֮ͨڡҲ½룬롣
һ˲䣬˱һȫµĻ֮СǻԪռ䡣
Գſһ֣˶ڡ𾳽飬ڻԪռ䣬޷õ档
ڲҪκ飬ҴǣǰһԳ˵
תԴһȺˣ˲Ƶ츽츽ĻԪռ䣬һҹɵ۵ˣס֮С
סʱҲԽ졣첻Զ𾳽飬Ҳǰ
ˣԺǵ¼ˡЦ˵
ԣǻԪռǡôû򲨶Ĺۿܡ
Ԫо֮ڣʺġǴʱλã֮ĻԪռ䣬Ԫռûģɵ֮µ޷档֮еĻʺСԽ˵
ⶴĻɱڵлöˡ
ԣӵе𣿡¼ʾԡ
ҵģһλѵĶ˵
ô˹Ҫھסѣû𣿡¼üЩģϾǾԶ
ô˳ھס˼Ҿͬ⣬ֲǽͼ졣


3184 εҫ
Ҳ¶ǵı顣
ԣҪǻǽ˵ɣⶴϾǱ˵˽Ʒ˵
¼ϺͳǣǵĻԴ鷳
סĸףǲصġ
ҪڻԪռ䴴һҶԣҲǺܼ򵥵飬ָ伴лǺķѺܶľ죬ûҪ´һԪЦ˵
ңⶴһѵģҪǺ͸ҵġ˵һ䡣
˵¼ϺͳǣЩġ
ԣԪ򣬵ʲôݵλʵ
ڻ磬˵ԵһЩ飬ϸֻԼ֪ɵ۷ǳ˾ηɵǿʲô̶ȣǾ޷ȷˡ
ô˵ء
ţ˵ĻӦû˸ӵİɣ˵
⻰ǫ顣
˵ԪˣǰԪҲһԾŶĴڡ
㲻Ǵţɣգһ˫۾ž˵Щŵӡ
ɵۣ
ʱ򣬶򿪣Ӱж
ɵۡҹɵۺϾɵۡ
ϾǴﵽɵ֮ΪһԪɵˡ
Եǰ
ĸףҸǽһ¡
λɵۣǵļ磬ɵ۴ġ׾飬ҲɵġԽܵ
ԵĻ¼ϵ˶¶֮ɫҪݼ
ɵ۵ˣǰõ˾ԵĴѶ֪һЩ˶ʲôݡˣɵôܰݣ
æ
λѡɵ֣֮صı˵
ӣ¼ϵЩãȻˡ
λҹɵۣҹɵɵ۵áЦżܡ
λϾɵֿۡϾɵۡ
Ͼɵ۵һ˫ĿһֱžԣĽ֮Ρ߷ͰѩȻע⵽һ㣬Ůû˵ʲô
󣬾ֽ¼ϵˣܸɵ۵ʶ
ϡɵٴ֣ص¼ϺͳǼִ
ôʹá¼϶֡
ʹõġɵԪ˻ԪǿߡǾɵ۵ĸĸ˭Ҳ𣿡ɵۻ˵
˺ˣûˣǾͲôţ˵ɡ˵
ԶԣȽҹɵǳЦ˵
һˣ붴ϯڿһ̸ˣҲ֪˲ǰںڰ׺ӷ飬˵˾֮ǰʧȥ˻Ԫһ棬ǸΪԪĵط֪ͬιʵٶȴѾĳ̶ȣɱǻɱһ򵥡
¼ϵˣҲ֪ԼĶӾԣǺεȵǿˡɵ˵ǻԪǿߣ˿ûпŵĳɷ֣Ԫ컯ɵۣԶûоԵʵǿˡ
ɵۡҹɵۣҵЩˣԺڶˡԶ˵
Ȼɵûκγɡ
ɵۣ᲻дţ¼ϴʱǱſ࣬Щǡ
ˣʲôŵģԪռɵۣ¶Ľɣɵ۹һЦ˵뵽סǺεҫ֮£
ͣɵ۵ǱȾ¼ϴ̫̫ˡⱲ֣ȻۡԪ˭ھɵ۵ĸĸǰô
Ҳͷˡ¼ɳһͷ˵
ϾðɣԿϾɵʵ
ͦõģǡϾɵ۱˵˼㣬Ȼֹס˻ͷΪʶ߷ͰѩŮҲ
ϾɵۣҲԶ㡣һ˸еޡ߷ЦŶϾɵ˵
㡭ˡϾɵ΢΢ͷշۺ졣
ȴһͷˮڸ߷ѩǰᵽϾ

ɵ۵Ķסʮ󣬱ٴ뿪ˡ
컯񹬡
һɵںڰ׺֮󣬻ص컯ָ
ֱӽ컯񹬣һɵ۵ǰ
һǰԶһɵ۹
ɵۣôˣһɵ۾ԡ
ȷʵᣬڣϢȻЩҡ
ںڰ׺˵һɵ۱޻ˣӦһЩ̽ġ˵
û£ҵްֻҪʱָɵۣ˵˺ˮصѹɫˮȶ࣬Ҳ˲١һɵ۵ϣ¶һЦݡ
ţƣΪԪռȡһЩʱ䡣ҪαҪ취Եͷ
һɵۣһЩƻָӦаÿóһЩԴһɵۣһЩӰԪõԴ


3185 ؿռĵ
Ծ͵Դһɵûоܾ˳ƽ˹ȥ
ԣԺڰ׺ʧα˼·𣿡һɵʵ
ڰ׺ӵĻѱնɱɫˮ궯ҲƹѹѹơЩվǲαģ羰ɵ˵
޷ҵαİ취Ԫռһ죬Իᵽ
İ취ҲûУȷʵһЩüĿеͻһЩһǰһڰ׺ӣȷ֮ǰֵһЩߡԻӦһɵۡ
ڰ׺ӣҪҰæ𣿡һʵ
Ц˵һǰﰲ˾ǡҪ¦ǰ֣ԻῪڡ
ţҪҸֻܿھǣϹͷǿԻġһɵҲ¶Цݡ
һɵ˽ʱǣһɵ۽ͳ컯񹬡
ݱһɵۺ󣬾˲ƣڰ׺ӡ
ںˮأּ¦ˣ鿴ѹתȷһڶڲʲô󣬾ֻڰ׺ӡ
ںڰ׺пƶ
֮󣬱޴֮ǰ
ԵԪ밵Ԫʱ򣬾ݣǴݣŵԽ밵Ԫռ䡣ڣµֹǰСԪУҲֻоԣ޴ݡˣ¦һɵۣ
ȻˣξлͲκεѶˡ
ݣԽ밵ԪξԲûдݿռ䣬ݿռڣϸĲ̽ΪݣĳϣҲûԪռָĹؼзǳϵ
һνݵʱ򣬾ڲռǰжǿȻܲʲô⣬Ҳûľ̽һΣͽȻͬˡ
Բ̽÷ǳϸСģŹκһɵ㡣ݿռ䣬ÿһ綼ڡ߶ϧתԪ
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ȻȻ˶һգȻһΪ֮һ
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ǣǰټԭԪɵǣȴδɢȥ
ԭԪռ䣬µ⡣
ԭԪռߣɵۼߣӿ뵽ԪĵЩˣɲǵԪ۹ģΪ˻ȡԪԴ
Ԫں֮ǻาǣԴȴڶʱͨԪҪպɫȻʹԭԪռԴáͬԪհɫҲõԪռԴ
Ԫ൱һҲ׽ԭԪԭԪ̫ˡԪЩߣϣԸСĴۻȡԴ
͵£Ԫ˸ĻңǻԪһģ˺ܶవԪߵӰЩ԰ԪߣصģԼԴԪһԴǲصģֶοɾͶˣӶܷ
Ϊˣ¦ˣҪϵԣϣа취ԼԭԪߡ
ԪУסģҲ¦һɵλ֮⣬ɵһĻԪɵۣ԰ԪҲǿ
ԵȥΪһֱء¦εҡҡͷѶ
ԴԪںǹ˲̵ʱ䣬Ǿʼû
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ӰԪӿ뵽Ԫɵۣ֪Դ۱Ԫ֮󣬹Ȼ˺ܶࡣ
ԪҲֻٲ֪ԴԪɵۣ֪¡Ϣ֮󣬰Ԫɵۣȷʵ޷Ϣ
Ԫһʱ֮ҲˣԪ飬ʵȽСиȽǿģ̫٣ͲܱסԪǣҲ˽ķ
ڣԿԲںЩԪ飬ȴܲںԴۡ
˾ԴۣǺڶ
ԴۣȻǳԪ顣
ǰϢѾҿϢ˳ġҼǵãԴǰԪʱǶδ˵Դ۵֡
˵ûԴ۴Ԫ˰ԪȻŽ͵ͨΪʲô֮ǰǶû
ȻԴǳԪǣɾͲȥˡԴۣ²Ը⿴鷢
ԴȻǳԪ򣬵Щ԰ԪߣҲǾԻԪ𣿾Դۣܺ˱˰ɣ
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ǺǣΪԪʵ̫ǵʵǿǻ᲻ȥԪӶԴ
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ԪһЩߣס


3192 ص
Ԫĵ۹ȵȣȻҲԪõԴ
ңЩҪԪԴҪɢ޻ǿҵöࡣ
Щǿңܹ˼ɾԴۣǶԼҵԱԼȽԴһֱӡǼ۹ֱƶ˹أֻҪõ۹ԱǰԪûеõɣ۹ڵκˣȥԪ
Ԫ϶ϹżǳЩǿ̽ĿꡣЩϹżģ˭̽ˣõԴȻ˭ġ
ոһգ긴һꡣ
ԪںϵƣԪռǣʵҲͻͽ
Ϊ壬ðԪǲ̫ʼûеõֻǱԴ۵ʱѹסˡ
ʱ䲻ϵƣԴһֱû̬ȡ⣬òٰԪ飬˼ٶȵĻ
Դһֱ˵̬Եú΢
ѵԴ۲ֹԪԪԴ
ʱ򣬴һǽڴ⡣аԪɵֿۣʼԪԴɱӶᡣϢ󣬺ܶ˶ڹſԴۻ᲻ֿȻԴۻûļ
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˵ǸɵۣǰԪһԪϼɵۡ¦˽ֺ˫ʵӽ
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ԣǰԪʱԪߣֻܿ¦㣬Ĳˡһɵ۲һ䡣
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ЩҶǹʵûа취ˡӣԪûڴУҪԪЩ˶ٵˡһɵ֮͸Ρ
ȻһɵѾҾͲȰ˵ˡԪߣһȫԸ¦

ռ䡣
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ͨĸټϴʵԴԲĽɫصԽԽࡣ
羰ڿʼʱѵģŲļ˺ڣٶԽԽ졣
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һ˳Ļʱ䣬Ҿȫصˡ
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Ϊĵģ˴ԪռԻԪԪں֮Ļңռ֮ڣûжǱʶ֮УԼϿԪЩԪ֪ԴǳԪӦǲԪ̫
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һԪռ֮УΪһԴ򡣡ĸԴܣѰЩɫɫԴĲͬ
ţԴȷʵһЩͬϡܵԴ࣬ǡ΢΢


3193 ֽ
ڴϣصȷʵһǧڰױԴӽ
Ȼ֮⣬ɲ˵Ĵܣȫԡ
ıԴ˵ǱȽϵģÿһԴ򣬶ӦԡرԴȴƺбԴԡ
ԴӦñΪȫܵɣҲΪ֮̾
ǰ˵һԪռˣҲδܵõԪеص򡣡ǰֵĵ
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һɵۿɣۣԷĻ˵¿ۣͥ
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Ԫ򣬻ԪϼɵۣʶǰˣİúܣǾͲƶϣԷԪ
ǣҽһɣԪ򡣡һɵۻȷǰۣͥŶԷ߶һԿĸо
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һɵҲ֪Դʱͥ˵ֻһڣӶܹ̼˵ȥԼеĿġ
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һɵѣԴ۲֮ͥڡԴѾܾûлعͥˡɣҡҡͷ˵
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ɣۣ鷳ܴ鷳Ԫ鷳Դٲ棬Ԫ򣬿¾Ҫˡһɵۼ˵
Ҳɣ׷ʣһɵ۾ͼ񣬴Ԫ߽ԪΪ˵õԴֶΡԪľ֮УɱӶԴ飬ҡ
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һɵ˵Щɣ۵ɫҲѿ˼֡


3194 ƹ
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Ҳû뵽ͥۻô˵ŻЩͥۻᷭ
һɵ۲ؿԪѺ϶ΪһӦùͬŬþԻԪøáһɵۼȻˣͥסաɣ˵
лɣ۵ĺ⣬һǲයˡһҪץȥϢˡһɵɣ۵
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ٰԪɵۣʼһɵˣ˶һɵ۵ɱġȻˣһɵۣǲȥɱһɵۡһһɵʵǿҲͥĽ

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ͻˣͻһɫӰڻԪ֮С
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ˣ棬ǰԪһɢޡ
ڰԪΪһӵлԪϳƺŵɵۡɢ֮УﵽԪϼɵۣɲࡣɵۣ֮һ
ԪںϺĵһʱ䣬ɵ۾͵ԪѹԴɫ
ʵʱڣͻƵһµĽ׶ΣԽѰԪϼȻڰɫϣûдﵽɵ۲Σʵܹͥˡ
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硭һֹӡ
⼸ˣɵһСŻԱ԰Ԫɵۣʵл׼Ԫϼɵۡ
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ͥɵۼӿ٣ͥ˵˳
һɵۣǺǣȥͥ״ǸĶصԪ𣿡ɵǷЦ
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ΣҪɱ練ƹһ򵥡ɵЦ˵
ʱɵۣҲ룬ԼʵﵽĵزɱһԪϼɵۣǷ


3195 ͵
ɵۣĸǡ
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ɵۣǸ컯񹬡컯ԪҪԣȰԪͥɵۣԪôʱ䣬Ȼ֪컯񹬣Ҳ֪һɵ۾Ǿס컯񹬡
Ķڣɵ۲̽컯񹬺˵
һɵۣ컯֮ڡ
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ʱһɵۣͲ֪иɵ׼ɱӰԪͥϻԪִ֮һЩ飬ҽеĳɹ֪¦ˡڷ컯񹬡
ʮ֮
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һɵ˵ʵǿԶô죬ھҵˣҲ޷һɵ۱𡣡¦ε̾Ϣһ
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3196 
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ȻԴ۵֣ɵ۵ɫ˱䡣Դۣǿɻɱͥ۵ĴڡǵĴʵﵽͥ۵ļھԴǰҲס
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ԴۣԶ۵˷ɳͥ󷨣ٴԼ
Դۣ׷۵飬ʵǿ¡ǾԴۣЩˣ֣Ҳס׷һСԶ۸̾µ˵
׷ȷʵǳǿı󣬻иǿĴڡһΣҺֻ׷罵پԻԪλԪ֮Խ٣ǿȫ군ҡҡͷ˵
ô죿׷米ˣ֪׷˾ԻԪ֮󣬿϶ưոݵİɣһΣ᲻ԽپԻԪԶɫһ˵
пܣĿͷ˵Ԫͨ룬ǸԪ֮ҪپԻԪӦҲֻͨڻԪ֮еķʽ·ԣٻһʱ䡣
λǸRԪRۣǲܷŹǾԻԪģǶԴҪ׼Ժ󣬱ض˽١˵
Զ۵ˣɫ̫ÿԶ˵ڶߣֵ
ǽͥĴָһ°ɣһǣҪߡ׼ȥַ۵Ĳлꡣ
;ԴۡԶ۵ˣͬʱԹ


3214 
RԪ㡣
RڤۣŮźơ
ţRͻȻüͷһ壬ɫ˼֡
һԵŮΪԼʲôR۲ˣʱʧɫ¹ˡ
Rѣôˣɫôѿڤ˱оˮ̧ĿRʵ
RĿתת֣òŮȫ˳ȥ
R˶ڤҲеľƱüͷ΢塣
ǵ⡣Rۿ˵
㲻Ѿµ׷ǰǴʱ䣬׷ûǣӦҲ˰ɡڤ˵
׷磬ˣR۵У͸һɺ⡣
ʲôڤ۾һɣ¶Ծı顣
׷ӡʧֻһͣѾˡRɫģôᷢ飬ʲôɱ׷磡
׷R۵ĹϵɲǼ򵥵Ĵ׷۷RΪǽԼģ壬ֱRۿơRҪ׷ֻҪһͷѡ
ҲΪ׷ǱRۿƵӡͻʧ
R۸о׷۵ӡ˲ʧԲ֪׷Ѿ
׷Ƿִˣڤü
ʱ㣬;ûе飬Ӧǵִˡʲô̫⣬׷;оԲ۵顣ԣǿռ֮ڡR˿˵
ôܣ
׷ʵôܻǿռ䣿ϣܵ۲ε顣һ˵ǵ˴۲ε飬׷Ҳױɱɣڤüͷøˡ
֣
Ҳ벻ͨR䡣
ǣûô򵥡ҸһˡRֽ˵
ռԪ⣬Ϊɴ˽ȥ׷Ҳǿռ䣬¾Ͳôˡϵܹɱ׷飬Ǿ͸Ϊˡ
Rѣڿ޷뿪˵Ƕʱ˲ȱսڤҡͷ˵
ҵȻ֪Rǿռ䣬ͬغشĳ⣬ΪãһԪռֲ֪Ҫ϶áǸûиѰĻԪռǿռ䡣
R۵ڤҲͷ
Rѣ£㲻оҿ˵˵ξϰɣڤ۵
RۣȴǳĬ
ʵǲ빫£Ϊܶ
R۵ɫڤ۲µRе뷨
Rѣ¾㲻˵ҲסǰǳʱеЩϼһﶼ֪ܿˡԣ㲻˵Ҳò˶ãͻ֪׷ˣǿռ䡣ڤ۵ͳ˵

ԻԪ
Դ׷۵ʬ壬һν˺ַ
Сӣôֽˡ۵Ĳл꣬ԺЦ˵
۲л꣬ƺַҲַ֪ǣҲзǳľԡԾ׷۽֣۾Ͳ֪ϾֻʣһƲлˡ
ǰ۹˹֣Ҳϻ׷۵ʬȡڿ۲лǰ
ʶ̨νַǰǰǷʶˡָűڵϵ׷ʬ壬Կ˵
Ŀ⿴׷۵ʬ壬΢΢ݡ
Ȼʶ׷ۡ
⡭Rµ׷ۣ
ôˣԣôʬ壿ֿʵ
һۣȻʶRԪ׷ۡ
ԽԼǸռ䣬ûԪںϣȻ׷۵龭϶Կ۽һ顣
žԵ˵Ҳһһ㶵ġ
㡭˵ɱ׷ۣôģ۷ѽžԡ
׷۵ʵɲ˺ܾúܾǰʹﵽ˻Ԫ۲ΣԪ򡣶Ԫʱ䣬ԣܹɱ׷ۣ
׷۵սȷʵǿҿк̨ġ˵
ۿžԣһᶼû˵
ʱĿۣȷʵǷǳ𺳡
ǿþԣþԽܹΪ»Ԫ𡣿ǣҲ벻ڣɱ׷ˡ˵ƾ̨ɼȻ˾ò˼顣
̨ǼǿǵȻġǿǼк̨Ҳ޷ɱ׷ۡ


3215 Ե
ۿ˿ԣֿ˿׷ۡ
׷ۿɲ֮ΪRߵĵɽ׷۵ӰǲСġһԪۣȴ˾ԵС
öҲ֪R۵ȵǿĴڣ˵ԣ֪ܶԵĴڡ
ǰ֪RԪRۣΪʲôҪҵĻԪռ䲻Գʵ
ţ
⣬䲻֪ܹƲ
ԣҪ֪λRۣһʵϣǺ»ԪRԪ˵ĹϵۣƺŸν˵
ˣ¶ı顣
»ԪRԪȻ˵ĹϵԣȷʵԾȻⷽȥ롣
ǵģٱ˵Ĺϵ֮УĻԪռж»ԪRԪֻеԪռ䡣ΪζԪأΪ˶ԿǿС۵ͷ˵ǿеʱóء
֮ǰϺ´˵R׼һԪĿĶ죬ҪʹԪռΪ֧㡣룬RӦǽĻԪռ䣬ΪǼһ֧ˡۼ˵
⡭ü
ΪʲôҪָҵĻԪռ䣬ûԪԴأʡ
ȻǲϣԪռڣ̫ǿˣǻ鷳Դ룬£Ԫǲܵﵽۼɵ۵ġͥеɵۣӦþֻ£еļˡЦЦ˵
ԭˡԻȻ
ֻǣR벻ӰĻԪǳôһԿ϶ĺճôԪķչᳬR۵ƿءգԪﵽʱᱻʹãǼԪ˵һ
󣬵R޷ƾԻԪʱһðɰɣ
ǰ»ԪRԪ˵ĹϵлԪռڡôں»Ԫܵʱ˻Ԫûа»ԪԵ𣿡Զ˶٣ɻʵ
仰˵۵ı飬ʱ
Ƭ̣˵Ǻܸӵģٵ»Ԫǳǿ󡣶ʱеԪ»ԪҲǶǣסˣϾ»Ԫ
ԣĲΣҲﵽһĸ߶ȡ֮ضӴϢǸʱȻͶˡ̾һ˵
Уɱ׷ۣRۿѾ֪ˡ֪´ۿ£ֶηǳԵҪ׵һЩγԼĹϵ׷ۣӦþԼһ׷RҲ֪̾Ŀ⿴žԣ˵R֪׷ĻԪռ䣬ضưոݣԽ١
ڵʵǲףƿغ̨ܹɱ׷ɵۡǣRǸεĴڣ޻ᡣҡͷ
ԵıҲ
˵ģȻҲ׼ӦȴǺͷ
һλRԽ٣оԻԪô죿
˵϶ǻһЩʱ䣬ʱ䣬ʵRǸΣǾһܶûеġ
ǰ߶ԸRۣԵ
ʲô취ھֻʣһƲлˡȫʢʱڵңҲRۿ⣬ԶԶܡԸ׷ۣҵһЩաۿЦҡͷ
ô졭üͷ
ԣRԽ٣ͲҪսˡҪģַ̽һὫַƣƾַܹԪռ䡣סǧҪ˿Ľңַ̽Ȼ˿ͣѻԪڣԪδ죬ѹ֮δﵽ塣ϺַʣӦÿ롣
ֻҪţܻлġˣǾһжûˡ
ԣɱԪվǻᱻRʱ򣬻Ԫе飬ûһܹˣǿٻġԪﵽR۵Ҫ֮ǰвٵʱ䡣۲³˾Ե˼
ˡ۵Ĳл˵
δӦֻ˵֪ˡ
ȻˣֻĴ㡣RۣδػήĻԪֵӣǿлţRҪĻԪռ䣬Ҫõͬ⡣


3216 ѰԪ
ҿֱRһԪĿԲ󡣡
֮УRҲǺҪսΪԪͨR뽵ٴ˻ԪҲֻԪ֮ңԶ롣⣬̫˷ʱˡ۷˵
ϣλֹR뿪Ե
֮ҲҪ׼ԣ㣬ǿԳƿش˻ԪıԴˡƿرԴԪռ䣬Ǿܻøֵ
ǣһ
۸ǣ׷۵ʬ塣
׷Դ𣬶󣬾Ա㽫ʬ壬ŵһƬŵĻԪ
صͥһ׼֮󣬾ԿʼԽɽ̽飬ѰһԪڡһУҲڲϵʵ

Rۣôп
һԲεɫ֮ڣڿϵһòӣŸոմRۣЦųʵ
ԴR۹˹֡
ҪǰǡRֱ˵
ǣR۾Щڤ˵ûסģҪǰǣƱҪʱ䣬ҲܲԴ롣
ǣһǣԴȻʵ
Ǽĵ߸֧㡣ϳһЩ⣬Ҫȥ׷ʲô¡ǹϵشǰR
ԭţҵҲ˵ǸԪˡRۣ㲻Ѿǲµ׷ǰһԪ𣿡Դ̧üʵ
׷ˡRҧص˵
ʲôԴ¶ȵı顣
׷RԼڣ׷R֪̾ˡҲû󣬱ͨԪͨԴԴȷʵ֪׷˾ԻԪ
ô£һԪһֱĿ֮¡ԪеĺڰױԴ򣬶ָƬ׷ۣô׷һԪռ𣿻·ϣԴɻ
ʱ㣬׷ǿռ䡣ţΪˣҲžбҪǰǲ鿴ҵ뿴ʲôR۵ͷ˵
Դ
Rۣ˵Ǻġؼʱ̣²뿪˿˵ǣԪͨ޷ʹãǰҪʱ̫ˡ˵ս֧֮һ֪ʱ޷ܻܿûѣʱ»кܴ鷳
Դδ˵Աߵһˣ˵
ˣ˵ľʦҲǽԴΪεĴۡ
ʦ
ҲҪǼܹǶˣо޴İпܣΪתĹؼR۶Ծʦ
ȷʵҪRҲ治뿪
ɣңRһΣʦЦ˵
ţ
ţ
RۺͽԴ¶Ȼı顣
RȻǰԻԪգǽ˾ʦǰԻԪ鿴
Ҳû취顣
ʦǺ⣿R뿪󣬽Դʦĳʵ
ʦԴ˹֣۾˵RۣһֱűΪǵĻԪռ䡣Դ򱻷ָĻԪռڣ޷ʵ̫ǿ顣Ԫƫƫͳ⣬ȻܽRµĸռ䣬ٵԴԪ򡣡
ʦ˼ǣһԪռ䣬˴۲ε飿Դһ
ţǰҲֻЩɻ󡣵ǣRǲ׷ǰҲһԪռ֮Сһ㣬ΪһԪ۵Ŀңɱ׷۵ĻԪۡʦ˵
ԴӺ»Ԫ˴ݻ٣´֮˼֡ǻԪʲô˲õҪģӦǴѹ£ʦ˵
ΪˣҴǰǸԪռ俴ʦܽ
ҲãǾ;ʦǰǸԪһˣʲôţ֡ԴܹΪ˵ʵһ棬һǣҲǷǳˡ
ͲشǰˣԼҲСġͶˡʦ˵
˾ʦҲǷǳǿĴۣȻRεĻԪ۲һЩҲ׷ǸĻԪǿϲ١
˾ʦǰԻԪ
ʱľԣŬѰԪټԪڽɽ֮У٣ֻԪһ͸


3217 Ԫ֮
ڿʼ̽Ѱɽ֮󣬾Գɹҵڽɽ֮еĻԪ
Ԫ̺ɫԴɫԴ򣬻һȫܵһһǧһԴ
Եõ˻Ԫ֮ǰյıԴǷȱİɫԴǵõֲ˳ɫԴ
ԻԪĻԪԲеıԴҲˣǰһȷʵУҲ֮ʧ
Ǭ΢磬ԼԪƣһж
ھԵõԪ֮󣬾Ի˻Ԫһ;ԪԴԴϵΪṩԪ֮
ԪһԪռΪΪʵĶõ˻ԪѾԪˡ뿪ԪҲǷǳ򵥵顣
ԻԪѾκεѹơ
ԵܹԪռ䣬ǰԪ򣬻ǰ׻ԪȫھԵĿ֮Сң̽ԪԵĶ΢΢ԪĴڣþԿĿԪռ䡣
ѹ֣ǰ˵õ˻ԪǻԪ֮뵽˵Ļͷ
ѾƿػԪռ䡣
ڣ߽뾰ԻԪұ̷֣Է١Ŀ
֮ǰ׷۽뾰ԻԪ׷Ǿ޷ֶԷģԪռߣԷ׷۵Ĵڡ
ѾƿػԪȻи
ҵʵRǸεɵȣ޴R٣һûʲôᡣţԪѾõȫԸģںϵڶԪˡ˻Ԫ
ಣ
Ӱһһ̣뿪ɽصԪ򣬵ִɵ۵Ķ
ˣʱûмˡһʱ䣬һֱڽɽ
λصɵ۵ĶΪ߷ѩϾɵ۵ˣ´ԴܹгԴСѩ͸߷ɵ۲ҲԽԽȻչģǾԵŮѩڵľѩѷǳӽɵ۲Σʱͻϰ
ҲǣоԵİǶԱԴĲȵľԣ׵öˡǰ··Ȼߵöࡣ
Եʵȴǲˡ
꣬ڽ籮õ˴ʵֲԼĿռ䱦Сϣʵʵٶ࣬Ҳġʵ󲿷ֶԼʹˣٲ͸׾ʹá
ȻʵɲͽġµĹʵҪҲõϼΪʱ䡣
ʵԽԽ٣ʡŵˡ
ûʵĺöںϱԴ򣬿ɾҪˡ
̾һҡҡͷ
Ҳû취Ԫռ֮УʵͷǳϡСȻҲƿԪҲܽȫʵΪСһ㣬ȴôԼеһء
ܴԪռʵԴǾ׽ܶˡ
ɵ۵Ķסһʱ󣬾Աٶ뿪ˣصͥΣҪʹͥؾнϳʱıչء
ƣ
ԻԪ֮⣬һ죬һӰӽ
ˣǴӽԴԪ˾ʦۡ
R˵ǿռˡۣ۾ǰһƬʡ
Ҳ֪Ԫռ䣬ڵĳڣǱеڤ۷ֵġΪ˶ǼΪ룬ڤ۽Ԫ͸RۡȻˣҲԽԴѹǽԴ˵ڤۣǲ׽Ԫռ͸Rۡ
һԪռļֵ޷ġǶRۡڤεɵ˵Ҳ޼֮
Ԫռ֮У׳Rµ׷ۣɴ˵أ
ǣЩȲģҪˡۣ΢΢ĵͷ
Ԫ֣ɢܡú˾ԻԪ
ͥؾ֮бչеľԣȻ۾
۽뾰ԻԪĵһʱ䣬Ծ͸֪ˣΪȻǴڱչ֮УҲ˸ССֶΣԼܹͥؾչ֮УҲ̷ִӻԪռ֮Ԫ顣
ˣ
ֻһ˴ӻԪ֮
֪ǲλǿޱȵRۡУҲЩ
R۽Ԫռô죿
ԼڣڶԪûգ


3218 ˾ʦ
Գͥؾ
ԪRۣҲҪ档
ڻԪ֮У˾ʦ
γƺֱۣӿѯʡ
ԵѯʣĿ˾һۡ
ۻش˾Ե⡣
ۣ΢΢һɡ
ڿ۵ʱ򣬾ʵ;ԼԪ飬ӦòRԪRۡΪ˵ϣûʲôɱ
RԽٵĻ񲻻ôƽ
Է֣֤˾ԵĲ²⡣Rۻ᲻ⱨһ֣Ȼ̫ܣRǸεһԪռ䣬Ὣκ˷ҲͲԼƭ
ԭۣ֪ҾԻԪʲô𣿡Զ۹˹ʵ
ŶԻԪ
֪ǴԪģô˵רҵģ
ԣҸսԪռ䲻ã֪ҵĽ롣ô˵ѾƿԪռ䣿
˵仰
Եʱ۲ûΪרŵΪԪռһߡ
ǣԣǾԻԪ뾰ԻԪͬʱұѾˡԵͷ˵
Ŀ΢΢žԵ׷ۣУ
ԳĬûϿ˵
ԳĬ̬ȣۻȷ׷ӦþǱɱˡ
Դۣ㲻Ҫᡣ
ĻԪռ䣬ҪĻԪռ䲻ЦЦ˵
Ȼ˵пɲ˿Ĵ⡣
úɡ׷ڣ˲ʱ䣬ҲҾԻԪˡʱ䣬ӦǸո֪׷ԻԪ˰ɣЦ˵
һ㣬û۵ͷ
ô˵ҲR۵ˡһ
Ǻǣ⵹ǡ۰˰֣ҲûᾰԵĵ⣬˵R֪׷֮󣬵Ԫռ俴Ȱˡ֪׷ɾԴĻԪռ䣬ϾһԪռȽ⡣
ԴۣԪռ䣬֮ǰʱӦǱԴָİɣۻ˵
ûǰԴȷʵָԪһΪһֻаɫԴһֻкɫԴ򡣲ԪռѾ϶ΪһˡԵͷ˵
۾ȻȰŖۣĿ
˵ϻģϾͬˡŶܶ˻Ƚİһˡ
ǵˣΪԴԪĽԴۣ֮һʮԪռ䡣ǰʮĸһԪռѾˣֻʣʮԪռ䡣R۵RԪʮԪռ֮һң˵ľʦڽԴ۱Ƚϼ̵˵һ˵Ҫɡ
Դۡ
ҪһҪĻԪռΪ֧㡣µߣRۡĻԪ֧֮һҲΪˣRһֱĻԪռ䡣ֻRҲû뵽ĻԪǳ˱
һԪռ޷۲ɵ۵ġĳ֣ȷʵ˸е˼顣۳žЦЦ
۵˼Ҵˡôڣʲô˼أԳʵ
š۳ƺ˼
Ƭ̣˵Դ۵ʵﵽʲôĲΣɱ׷ۣǷƾʵ
ϵ𣿡ɫ΢΢һ
Ȼϵܴ󡣡У˵Ȳ˵һԪеһ֧㣬û£Դɱ׷ۣRҲưոݡRĿǰʵ޷ˣضRۡ
֪һԪۣڼ֮һµ뷨ʵ֣ǿԱסĻԪռ䲻ٵЦ
ʲôʲô취һ
ܹΣԵȻʮԸġ
취ĳɹʣĸʵйء룬ĻԪ֮СʵԽǿԴͬϣԽ󡣡ۼ׷ۣȫƾʵɱ𣿡
⡭ʱңʵ׷ȣơɱ׷ۣΪһǿҲǹƭۣջʵʵ˵
λۣ˵ľʦӰ϶͡ҴĿǰⱣסԻԪԾԾãǲҪǰΪá


3219 һԱ
ڵľƣþûиѡء
R۶ԾԻԪ⣬ҪԻԪԪռΪһ֧㡣RĽپԻԪԻԪֵ
֮еľʦۣƺԾԻԪһ⣬ҪԻԪ뵽֮УþԻԪΪ֮еһֵĺ뾰ԵʵֱأԵʵ̫ˣûʲôֵҲϾ׷ǹʵġ
Դۣ˵ɱ׷ۣΪһǿžԡ
ˡԵͷ
ԴۣҺܷѽ⡣˵ʵĻԪռ䣬۲鶼ǲܵġֻ֮£ܵõʲôȻƾɱ׷ۣЦЦûвžԣҲûžԡ
ۣҵǿǳҵĻԪռ䣬ǳԪռ䡣Եɺ֮£ҵõǿ˵
ŶԪԴۿɷóҿ΢Ц˵
Գſǡ
˵֮бʮĸԪռɣֻʣʮԪռ䣿֪ܷңǸʧĻԪռ䣬αٵģԻһתʵ
ˣмǿĵˣ˻һǸٵĻԪռ䣬ûܵȵԮԪռ䣬»ԪԪ֮Ǻ´ۡԺӦû֪´۵ġ˵»Ԫʱ£֮Уа˵ζ
˵ľʦں»ԪʱΪʲôûȥԮ»Ԫأʵ
ԵĻ۵ɫְ˼֡
ȴڵĵˣڲϵҲǴ۸ӡΪһ֮˽˿֡˾ʦҲ޷е顣ЩԪ֮ҲΥ˵ʦˡҡҡͷ̾һ˵
ţҴѴԵͷ
˵ʮԪռɵ֮ˣǾԻԪڲоԪ֮֮£ĸṴĶǣΪһЩԴᣬʲôֶûУ
ղңɱ׷ۣõʲôʵǺ´۵ĺ̨Ӧ̨֪ɣԼ˵ͬʱȡ˺̨
̨ۣ֮Ŀʱһ
´۲ʶô򵥣֮ĹϵǱȽ׽ġۣԺ̨ҲϤԵĺ̨һȡ۾ȷеĺ̨ĺ̨
ԭΪ̨ѱ˻á벻̨˾Դ۵С
̫ˡ۴Ц
һֱ۵ı仯۶Ժ̨¶̰ɫҪ̨ǾԻһʱͶ֡ѾǻԪ֮ɴӻԪлк̨֣δزλɱһ
ۣû¶κζԺ̨̰Щοɫ
֪Լ²òۣȷʵ´۹ϵơ
⣬ⰡԴۣĻԪռ䣬ȻûаͷϷա
Ȼ´۶ѡ㣬ź´ѡ˵۹⡣
Դۣһȥ֮󣬶߾ȫٳ£þԻԪΪеһɲ֡۳˵
л̨ۣ۹֡

ۣھԻԪ˼գԾԻԪķչ״Ҳǽһ˽⡣ĿǰľԻԪʵȷʵǿǡԪռ䣬ֻоһ۲εɵۡR˵ԻԪ磬Ҳ֡
ۣǴ⣬ҪԻԪˣΪ˵һԱһR۱㲻ٶԾԻԪֻ֡ҪԻԪΪ˵һ֣ԼˡԼ֣ǽԴԪ֮ǲ
뿪˾ԻԪ֮ͨͥеĻԪֱͨӵִRԪ
ʱɿպӶԻԪͨڵĸ뿪֮󣬲¸Ԫͨڵ㡣ҲģǳſԪͨĽڵ㣬RۣܻͻȻӻԪͨɱûԪͨRԪԻԪǿò˶ʱ䡣
۴ٳǼ֮ǰԾԲ᳤ʱԪͨڵĸֻҪȴ۵Ϣǡ
ߺ󣬾ٶȥַ˿һ棬ϸ˵˴¡


3220 ȫ֧
˹۵۵ĻشþԻġ
۵ݣȷʵ˵ľʦ´۹ϵ׽»ԪڵʱҲȥ»Ԫ´ۡ
ʦĻԪռˣӦһЩϣġR۶ȻǻᷴԣյĽڻ˵Щġ
ѾǰĺúܶˣRֱҵĻԪȫûϣˡԵ
˵Ҳǣ۵ͷ
ԣڵʦϢʱ䣬ҪŬʵʵԽǿԽܵõӡֻҪ㹻ǿRۼ㷴ԣҲı䲻ʲôУĻԪ֮ʵҲֱ֮еĵλءۼ˵
סԲиҪץʱ䣬յڶԪ

Ԫ
ۣԾԻԪͨԪͨRԪִRԪԪִͨԪ
Ԫͬ˳Ա֮һԪΪۡ
Ԫһۡ
ڻ۵ڣۼ˻ۡ
ʦôпһԪ̬ƽ
۵ĹϵҲЩӣ֮Щ϶
ۣʵһЩ£Ҫǰ۶Ի۹˹֡
ʦʲô¾˵ɣʾһ£
꣬ڤ۷һ»Ԫռ䣬ΪR۶ǼҪԪռ䣬ڤ۱㽫»Ԫռ͸RۡRۣһֱԪռ䣬Ԫ졣󣬿ڻ˵
ŶԪռ֪˵ǰЩʱ䣬ԪһЩ⡣Rۣʧȥ˶ԪĿơRɳµ׷ǰ׷ȴԪռ֮ڡǺǣһ˵ʦҲȥԪռءۣĮ˵
ţҸմԪռһ㣬Ҫ˵飬Ԫռйء΢С
ŶԪռ䣬һʲôϵ̧üʵ
Ԫռ䣬˴۲εɵۡ۵
ҵԤ֮Сǵ۲εɵۣôR۵Ŀƣ׷ۣԪռڡ˵R۵ʧСϧ˵֮Уֻζ
ҵ˼ǣϣԪռ䣬뵽һ
۵仰ĿⶸȻһĿһۡ
һ£۲˵ʦ˼Ҫ֧㣿
˼㣬Ǵ⡣۵ͷ
ǺǡЦһ
ʦҹƴǣǿΪ
˵ĻԪռ䣬RУRǽԪ֧֮һ׷Ԫռ䡣ңµ׷R۱ضΪŭʦǻԪˣRͬġ۰˰ֱ֣Ӿ;ܾˣһԥûС
R۵Ĺϵ̸ܣҲ׷ھԻԪеֻǣҪƽ޹ʵĵRۣҲܡ
ȲҪżҽ˵ЦЦϵ۲״Ӧ
ԻһڻؾæҲԤϡ
ۿۣź߼˵
Ԫռ䣬µˣˣоԣѾ˻Ԫ۵
Σһ½ĻԪ֮Ǻǡ۲ΪȻ
ԴУк̨˵
˵ʲô
̨⼸֣ʱһ䣬͵վۡ
֮ǰĵȻ飬ȫȻ
ۣҲܶκڲƭԴеĺ̨Ǻ´۵ĴǷƷһ

ۣԼλáȻȴ˳ʱĳĬ
֮󣬻۲ٴο˵֪ˣʦ˵£һ֧֡
ˣͶлˡվ۹֣Ȼǡ
뿪֮󣬻ۣԾֻϵı飬ϱáʱĿУ¶Ǳˡ
ۣ´ۣ֮»Ԫٵʱ򣬻ֱۣӾȥǸǿĵƴˣǽԴˣ˺ܴŽȰס
¡㡭ҵ˴ģҡһƴȫۣĿ̽Զૡ


3221 
뿪Ԫ󣬷ؽԴԪԴۡ
Դ˵˾ԻԪ
˵ǸR۳ΪǿռĻԪ浮һ۲εɵۡԴЦЦˣȻɱRµ׷ۡ
ǰΪѵãЦ
ʦΪоԵĴֵۣ£Դ۾΢С
ϣ¾ǵȻ֮£ԶܳΪ۲εɵۣõĻδɾͣӦòRۡӾԻԪ֮R۱˾ԻԪԪռ䣬ڰױԴָ˭뵽ˣ⾰Գ˻Ԫۡ
õ˾ԻԪĻԪΪĻԪۣ֮ȷʵǺ;ԡ
ʦҪذʧܣӰشܵ˷ֱԴһ˵
Ȼ˵һʮԪռɡ֮ڣԶԶһԾŶǿյĽֻѡһǵȾ֣롣
ϣԴۣõ˺´۵ĴСУк´۵Ĵ̨Ҳ֪´۵Ĺϵһ߾ȫ֧˽ԻԪɽġ۵
ŶǺǣѹôģԭǾԴۣһݡʦ´۵ĹϵҲǺܺõİԴЦ
ã£ͷȥһ֧㡣ӦҲ֪ҵĵһ̫ĻҲΪԴۼ˵
лϣԴ۹֡
գһϢʮԪռ䴫һϢǴӽԴԪܲһԪ֪֮
RԪ㣡
ɶ񣡡
Ļ쵰
˶Rۣվڻķ䣬ŭ
ȥǣǻ֮󲻾ãԴ·֪ͨǣҪɸĻԪռ䣬ǿԴָҪɾԻԪԻԪǡ
΢ת֪϶Ǿʦ۸ۣ˵ԴǸǿռɵ
׷粻װȥǺǣ뽫ǸǿռɽҵҪ
ߣ浱RǰˣԴϣ㲻Ҫ̫R۱ơ
ಣ˻
ǰڤԪڤԪĻԪ֮ڤ̸
ʱ˿̣еԪռ䣬Ҳ˼¡һԪĻԪ֮Ҳ֪˵ľԻԪǰRƵǿռ䡣
һΣRۿҪŭˡ
ҾýԴ˾٣ЩֲˡΪǸԻԪR۲ʹ졣һ
˭˵ǣҲ֪Դôġ
RԪ˳ˣ˵ǻ½١һԻԪǾԴ۵ʵRȣ
RȣǺǣ߸ͲһΰRǰԻԪǾԴۣܳRһ𣿡
ҪˣRҲһ˰Rڤ۵ĹϵһֱܲġRԪ˳ڤۻ᲻
£ȷʵЩ֡
ſɣ׻ηչ
һԪ֮Ҳн۴£Ҳڵµĺչ
˾ʦֶۣǰԻԪǰԻԪȻҪķʱ䣬Ԫ֮Ŀֲ롣ԻԪĻԪֱͨˣۣҲ޷ѶԣþʱŻԪͨ
ڣʱ䣬Ҳ㳤

ԻԪͥؾ֮С
ˣ
ڶԪѾա˵һûеһԪĿڣҪյڶԪȻǼΪѡԳĺһǰֳ
򣬾ǾյĵڶԪ
˵ڶԪ֮󣬾Ҳûʱȥݳ޵Ϣһʱ䡣
Ǭ΢ȵֶΣԶҪһȥǵܣԪǿǿ
ʱĲں֮УҲһЩµС̨һ֣ԼĻþ繥Ժ̨γһþ磬ֱĻþγɣȱҲǱȽԵġϻжԻþĿϣǿ⡣
ԣҪһԼĻþ繥ʽȫĶƿءιζԵ˹
ҪĻþ繥ʽѶȻҲǷǳ޴󡣺к̨ǿڣþ


3222 
ںϵԪǿǬƣӹ΢ܹ׽һƿʹų́ȵȣԼȫûϾʱ䡣
ԼĻþ繥ʽΪķʱ;ģԲþ硣
ʱ
һգԳͥؾΪоٶԼĻԪռ䡣
ӭۡ
ʦ
Դּۣˡ
˼棬к
ԴۣԻԪһϢЦ˵
̫ˡ˵ȻҲϲ֪˵ĺϢ϶ǹھԻԪ˵顣
֮ǰ˵ģԻԪǼˣR۾ԶԾԻԪб
Դۣ׼׼ȻǰԴԪԴԴѱʾ֧־ԻԪˡ΢΢ͷ˵
ҪǰԴԪü
ȻģԻԪҪˣ϶Ҫȼȷ¡ԻԪҪõԪ֮Ͽɣⲻ˵ġɫ˵
Ǿ˵ĿǰΪֹԻԪ˵һԱʵ
ţԻԪҪΪһԱô򵥡֧֣ҲҪԪ֮ϿɡԴ֮ʮԪ֮ԴԪҹͬ¡˵
Rۣ϶ԾԻԪ˰ɡЩġ
ûRۿ϶ᷴԡӶ֧֣ҰҲ˼λԪ֮ҾãɹĿԻͦġԴۣҲҸٷְٵıֻ֤ܾΪУȷʵзա㲻ԵĻǾԻԪΣձض˽Rˣҵ˼۳˵
ԳĬصĿǡ
Уȥվǵͷ
Ժۻصͥԣ컯Ǳߵ¦Ҳе֮ͥС
ǽһЩ飬ҲǣԼ뿪ԻԪһʱ䡣ʱ䣬Ҫ˿˺þԻԪ
ۣͥһµĻԪͨڵ㡣Ԫͨڵ㣬ֱͨԴԪھԻԪʽ֮ǰʹͨRԪĻԪ̫ͨΣˡ
ңԻԪˣôҪĻԪͨͲһˣҪÿһԪռ䣬һԪͨ
ԴԪRԪڤԪԪȵȻԪռ䣬֮䶼໥ĻԪͨҪȻԪռ֮뼫ңԶͺѽˡ
ڽԴԪǱߣͨԻԪͨڵѾˣֻҪԻԪҲãôͿֱӴӾԻԪִｹԴԪ
ԪͨڵķѵĲϵԴҲǴӽԴԪ˹Ҫ׼
۽ԪͨĽڵ㽨áһԺʱǰԴԪˡ
Ԫͨڵ㣬ȥ临ӵӡڽڵ㽨֮뾰ԹԿŽڵ˵
ȷʵǷǳǳĸӣĽͼĻԪֻۣҪ㹻Ҳܽڵ㡣һЩ죬Ҳǲģֻܹ«ưˡЦЦ˵
ԪͨڵĽ췽ҲǾƵģкܶǿԪ۵Ѫ
ʦѾ׼ãʱԳˡԿ˵
ãǰԴԪɡ۵
ʦ뿪֮ڵ㣬ǷҲҪأ̧üʵ
ãڵĶ棬ǽԴԪԴۣԴ˲صġ˵
ţǾͺáԵ˵ͷ
ԵУһЩǵģϵԪĴŪã˵ò˶ãԪͲˣRȻǰԴԪ߾ȫģþԻԪˡȥǾԻԪûл᳤õĴȥ
ԽͥһȺɵټǿܺµĻԪͨڵ㣬Ȼ۽С

ԴۣǽԴԪˡоΣ
Ӱֳۺ;ԴۣЦſ˵
̸ӦһصԼؼһͷ
ĵȾԻԪƺΪء˵
˵ûԴۣĻԪռ䣬δ찡ҲΪʲôRۿĻԪôãһֱûȥԭ򡣻ԪռӵҪҪʱ䡣˵
ߣҴȥ㣬ҲеܺءĻ֮УԴȻܴﵽ۲εɵˮƽ˼ȾۣžȥԴ


3223 
ԴԪڹ
ڹǽԴ۵ľ
ۣһ·˳ĴžԴڹ⡣
ڹȥֺ̫룬ֻΪǽԴ۵ľ˵ʮԪ֮УڹҲ˲֪˲ġ
ԴۣǰڹˣԴľˣڵǡָָǰԪеĹԾЦ˵
ϾҪԴܼ˵
Դ۲ؽţǺܺ˵ġ˵
ڹ֮УԼһϮɫ۵ĽԴۡ
ϣԴˡ۶ԽԴ۹񣬿˵
ԴҲ
Դ۲ض񡣡ԴĿ䣬žԡ
λԴۣԴȷʵмֺġ
ӾԻԪԴԪԴˡԴ˵
лԪͨʹãӾԻԪֱｹԴԪࡣ۶ίʵࡣԿһԵ˾ʦ˵
ʲôֵһᣬֵһᡣ۰ֹЦ˵
ԴʦҲԴ˵ͷ
ԴۣһЩ飬ʦӦöѾ˵ˡľԻԪԸˣԴżɽʵ
ȻѾ֪þԻԪˣҪȻôԴԪǣԴۣȻҪ
ǵģԣϣԻԪܹΪһԱԸ˵
šԻԪҪˣֵ֧ģ;Դľ˲һ˵ģϵʮԪռ䡣ԻԪǷܹˣҪԪ֮ԴˣԴӦѾ֪˰ɣԴž˵
֮ǰѾ˵Щ֧֣ʦİžԻԪһܹΪһԱȻճ⣬Ȼмʦ˵
ԵⷬԴҲͷԾԴ۵̬ȣе⡣
ԻԪˣӦûRԪԴۣR۶ԾԻԪԹߵġ㣬Ҫ׼
ڣһʮλԪ֮¡ʮλԪִ֮֮ǰʱ䣬ԴסɡԴ˵
лվл
ʦﾰԴ۰һ¡ϾʱԴԴۿԴԪԴֶʦ
ǣϡӦ
۴뿪ڹ׼һĶþסڴˡ
ʦ֪Ҫȶʱ䣿ۡ
ڹʱ򣬽Դ˵ʮλԪ֮ԴԪû˵ʱ䡣
Դ۶Դ˲ǣԪ֮䣬лԪͨʹáλԪ֮ӵϢᾡңǲ̫ʱġ۶Ծ˵
ԴۣѾõһЩϢR뼸Ԫ֮Ƶ߶ʱR۶ӾԻԪ뵽ԣҲҪһʱҿûʱ䣬Դ㿴ԴԪˡֽ˵
û£ԼڻԪҲԵģʦعҡԵͷЦ˵
԰ٺúֻصڹԴ
УֻнԴʦˣԴı飬ûзżʱôˡ
ʦR۵ĶĻҪҰԴ˿˵
ϣҲѾ˵ˡ벻RΪԻԪˣôʦҲء
ۣ϶ǻȫ֧־ԻԪ˵ġ֮⣬ĻԪ̬֮ȶ˵ʦЩģʱⰡԴ˵
ؼԭ򣬻ǾԻԪ;Դ۵ʵ̫һ㡣ЩԪ֮ǿϾԴ۵ʵԴ̾һ
ЩԪ֮һǿR۵ȼǿԴĻԪۣȷʵӣ̸ˡ
ϣΪھԴڻСǲŸҪİΣʱְһѣȻԵءR۶ԾԻԪģԴ۲ǴˣԼĴΣաǰȹνѣԺУҲΪǷʦĿо˸˵
ΪʲôҪôİﾰԣȻԵ޹ʵģ
ڵˣܶࡣRǿƵĻԪ֮ΥʱзԴȻҲǿԼ˵Ŀ⣬Ҫи֧


3224 һƢ
ԴԪ󣬾ԵǱ
ΪڵȴԴʮԪ֮ǰԴԪ£ԾҲʱбչС
£ԱڽԴԪ¿УҲкܶд
ȽԴԪԼľԻԪ̫Сˡ˵ʱ仹ȥ˼طдʵǿɵۣھԻԪǻԪϼɵۡھԻԪԪռ䣬Ԫϼɵû١
ʮԪռ֮УεɵۣȻҲǼİɣҡͷп
Դۿڣ
һգһӾסĶ⴫˽
Գ㿴һŮڲԶŮϣϢ񣬾һ۱жŮһλԪۣҲԪɵۡ
ҾǾԣǣʵ
ԴۣǻԪ䳾䳾Թ˹֣ûʲô仯ƽӡ
ԭ䳾ۣ֪䳾ңк£ʵ
Ҳ˼⣬ͷۣûнλ䳾ۣ͸İˡ
֪ԴǷпգҼϻ룡䳾žԵ
ü
λԪۣ֮Լȥʲô
뾰Դ̸ۣһ̸ھԻԪ˵顣Գ䳾ۼ˵
䳾۴·ԥ֮󣬱ǺܸɴĽ롣
ǽԴԪԴ˵ԣλRߵýҲڽԴԪƹֱӶԼ֡
һȥһۣкη
䳾ۣ˻۵˵ľȻҲʱ۵ˣҲڲ֮ǰŵִ˽ԴԪ
Դ䳾ۣžԽ
ú󣬾Խһ䡣ڣһվ롣
ϣԴˡ䳾۶Ժ˹˵Ȼ˳ȥ˳㻹˷š
ۣ֪ˣкηԸԳŻ۵ıӰ˹ֵ
ۣת
Զʱһ
ۣһŮԣԣȷʵЩʼϲֻ۵֣ίʵǻʶΪλԪ֮һˡ
Դۣɷ񽫺̨ҿϢ΢΢Щ쳣һ˫۾žԣУ͸Ȳζ
ԣȴͷһ
ۣȻ֪Լк̨ۣӦõ˵´۵Ĵ̨аɣ
˵̨ھԴС۲һ䡣
漴ˡ
ۣ˵̨СȻ˻ۣǾ˵ܹȡĶ󣬻ۿܻ֧־ԻԪˡ
ͨһ㣬ˬȡ˺̨
뿴Ե
Ą̊́Ą̊́Щʱ򣬾ܿ۵ȦЩ졣
ۣ´ѵʲôͬѰĹϵȻΪμ̨ۻ˼۵Ŀ峺Ȼ̨
ˣԴ̨ۣƬ̺󣬻۵ָƽֶԾ˵
Խ̨
̨Ǻ´۵ĴϣԴܹúñܡ
ԴۣȵĻԪִ֮ｹԴԪ󣬽Դ£þԻԪ¡£϶˳ҲδػǾԴҪġңȫ֧־ԻԪˡǣR۵ˣضԡ뾰Դ˵ǣԻԪʧܣ뾰Դ֮һͬػԪ˵һεĻ
ȴЩãȻ
Դ۵һԪһȫRɱ㣬ɱһ˵
ƽܸо۵档ۣǴ㲻ϧһбԵˡ
Դ۵ĺ⣬סԶԻһ˵ǣȥ˻ԪԸⲻϧһбңȴסԻԪңܶ¾ԻԪ
ԴۣʵǲRۿġü˵㷵ؾԻԪԻԪͬܵԱȫĽǣ뾰ԻԪȫס
ףһǲ۵ĺ⣬Ҿģ޷ܣۼ¡ҡͷϿҵ˵
ھ˵仰֮󣬻Ŀžԣ˺һᡣã̾һ˵һƢѹֺ̨䵽С


3225 кηԸ
ۿԵĿ⣬ࡣ
ԴۣʱƣҪŭ㣬Ҫľֻ͡Ҫ㲻ɿڣRۣڽԴǰҲֱӶ֡۶˶˵
л˼ˡӦ
ţԪ֮ҲòˣܲսԴͻټ˵ڹ¡ԴۻȥҲҪ׼ͷ
ǣٴӦ
漴䳾;뿪뾰ԹҪ뿴ԡ̨ھУ֪һʲôˡ
˵ȻҲûнԷԼͬȵλϣӦǰԵľֻµ䳾ȥ뾰Թ
⵹Ҳ
ҲǻԪ֮ɾԻԪϾ̫Сˡ
˵ǻȻԪ֮ˣǻһбȽǿĻԪۣ¶̫Է

һգ˾ʦۣ˾Եס
Դۡ
ʦ
˼棬ּ
ԴۣλԪ֮ǰڹ£ҹȥڹμµġʦԾ˵
𣿡Ե
ڣԴ׼ˣһͬȥڹɡʦžԵ˵ͷ
֮ԹȥڹʵҪǵĻ⡣һǰڹѱR۵˲ʲô
ûʲôҪ׼ģʦ룡һĶ
ʱľԣƽίʵƽڹ£ϵԻԪܹˡʧܣǰԴڵԻԪʱҪR۵ͱ
֮ʦžԴڹһ֮СԵִʱڣмԪ֮ˣаۡЩԪ֮ߣ£ЩȻǻԪ۲εɵۡ˴ǰԴԪĻԪֻ֮оԣһġ
һǸоһĿ۽ԼϡЩĿ⣬޼ɵܴӲĿ֮иом
ھԿ۵ʱ򣬻۶΢ɲĵ˵ͷ΢۾
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3226 ε
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Ŷ֪ˣѵʦ˵ģǿռ䣿ǿռҷֵģ͸RˡRҪǼҪһЩԪռΪ֧ϡǸǣ֧֮һڤ۵
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ڵԻԪˣûʲôϣԴΪһԻԪһУԪ֮ǽԴ޷ܵġ
׵ĽԴȷʵҲüĿⲻʱʦ
ʱ򣬻Ԫ˻ۣվ


3227 ű
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վڹеĴۣתĿۡ
ҾþԻԪ˺ܺáȫ֧֣ԻԪˣΪ˵һԱߣ仰ڳ˶ܸо̬ȼ
ԴĿһ
ҲãþԻԪˡһԪ֮ڻ֮󿪿˵
ʦ˵ĺеԻԪҲһЩ˽ġڹȥ֮УԻԪл˵ǼΪĶӡǵȻ֮УԴۣӵĳɾͣɼ츳Ǳֻ޴ˣҪԴ顣Ԫ֮˵
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R۵ˣ֪ʦ϶̸ˮ𣬵֮ìҲԻ⡣ǵ´۴еͣǻʦˡ
ҲΪˣڱ̬ȣR۵˶⡣
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R΢΢һͣ˿ֿۣ˿ʦʵǲ֪ʦ˵֧ģ
ۣΪ֧ǼˣR˿˫üͳʵ
RۣԺͲҪٳƾԻԪΪˡԻԪѾԪ֮ˡȻԻԪȽСҲóϣĶԪ۵Ϊ֧־ԻԪˣȻǣҾþԻԪˣ׳˵ʵ
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ˣû˵ʲô⾰СԪ֮ҿѵܣҵǾãԪ֮һ⾰СáǵʵԪ֮ɨ˾һۡ
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Ѿ˺ܾˣջ۵ĽRԪ˼ìܡǣԷʵ̫RҲˣȴ£ű


3228 ־
ԵڹԵøͻأ
ԣǸҶR¿˵ɱûʲô⣡
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׷ۣûбնɱҲûʸμӽµġ׷ǵλԻǵһЩRԪ׷۵ĵλȿ۵һȼ
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Ԫ֮ԪۣԴʦɴ۾žԡ
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СӣҿһȣĿɱŷ
ʲôֱһ˳У۶Ŀۡ
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Ԫ֮лԪ֮ԣֱ뽹ԴûۿƣҪȡ֡


3229 ֮ܰ
ȷʵΪѡ
ԴһֱţԿ۵˵衢ƲǣôǿվھǰġֻҪԸⶥѹڵ޿ָժ
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ȻԴҪRԪд裬ǻۣͲҪٸˡԴһ֣Ի˵
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ϣҶԾԴ۵֪һçײˡȻᣬΪȡգѡRԪ۶սǾ˼ǵġһİգӦдΪʦҲֻô˵Ȼ˵ʲô˵Դ
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Rѣ⾰ԣʲôڤۣվRߣЦʵ
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Ҫ˵Сһˡ׷۱ɱΪ˲һսˡǺǣȴ֪۵ʵ׷ǿһΡһԪ֮Цһ˵

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ȻУҪóǿֶˡϣһУܹԵնɱ
Ŀӣ΢΢ڿеǳ֮ϡʱǳߣǱԪ·ǣĵԡ


3230 ɱ
Դҡͷ
ԾԵı֣ЩʧΪλľԴܸһЩϲڿϲǿˣԴۼڿ۵С
ų́ɫƽȴǷڣߴپԶų́ԵС
嫵Ĺâ޾ܣǳϣȥ
ľԣͬӿ΢΢һǳߵ˹ȥ
һĻԪ۶ʮַѽ⣬⾰ԣĪԼò
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ìǳߵ֮ϡǿֲ⣬΢裬̶ʱ䣬ǱһƬȻ֮䣬಻⣬ǽԵ帲ס
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Rۣ۾Բ¶ŵɫۣ»ԪУսǿļ֮һˡԵһι˵ѸͶҿ¡RԤе۵ֵסһת֮ת̽ƣҪ￹۵ֵԵǬǧػ
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۵ķֶΣݻ١
ֲĽâ֮ϣһ˺ѷεĲҽд


3231 ܺõ
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ھʩչǬǧػƿ˿۵Ĺֶ֮RҲʶˣ۲ǾԵĶܼ֡ʱģԵǬǧػҲȷʵץǬǧػĲ㽣Ļֻû뵽ֻǳ˲ֵĽĻռ䣬󲿷ֵĽĻǻ˿ۡ
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ڳĻԪ֮ԪۣһҲһıžԡ
ڹԵʱЩ˾ûôԣǸûнԷͬȵλϡǸ߸ϣžԡ㾰к֮ҲкܶˣһӦûС
˵Ԫ֮ˣۣԾʵҲûжԵȡҪԣµ䳾ȥеģԼǰԵľס֮ءȻˣ۶ԾԵĻ֮ģûκ⡣
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ȷʵǣ˶ͬĶսһɱʱˣڵϣûָʲô
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֮ǰкܶˣԾԵʵֹ̫ԻԪ˵ġ
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RۣԿRۣڡ
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3232 սR
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3233 
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ãһ㵲סˣôϷĵڶаɣRۿžԵһ
е֮ϣɫâ۵ĵУ˲Ϣϰٸ֮ࡣ֮ǰһιRֻ߶һɫ⣬ڶУȴϰٸɫĵСЩɫܼһ𣬿ȥǳвθС˶ܴЩɫϸֲܵĻ֮
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СӣϷRۿһ
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R۵ĿУٱá
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ܿɫкǬǧػȻRϯȥ

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СӣҰңRۿŭ˿Ϻɫĳ۹Ķ
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RۣȻҲҪǫ̃˵仰ʱRУѾŽɱȻȡ̨´۵Ĵ
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һУһУԴȻܹ㲻ֹԻԪˡԴҪþԻԪ뵽ˡ
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3234 û漣
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RۣʩչˡԴٴγ
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3235 ʧ
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СӰ̨ģRɫࡣ
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ڵֵR۽ʱȻѾ߾ȫĵֵеֶΣR۵ֹþֱӻ˹ȥģĳһ˼ޡ
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ⴭϢȻߣһޡԵ˱䣬ʱ̫ˣһ¶ѣһͷͨޣҲܸɼв΢޷߶ķҲͼˣЩɵǿҲޡ
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ԴһЩŮԣ˳ƿһۣü˵룬Ҫץ·
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㣬ǾͰɣȹŮԴŮӡ
С㣬Ǳ뾡ϵǡУһòӣȹŮ˵
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֮ǰǾͲϢˡС
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3237 ûֵ
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3238 
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ԵϢ𽥻һЩоֱ仯Ԭ룬ܸˡ¸߽ԬƣԬֻǿЦʵǲԬϲõ
ʮ֮һҹ
ڴϵľԣ۾ĿУĿָһЩ
ѾܹоԼڣһЩתƺҲһЩ
ĳԣڹͨԼڵĿռ䱦ķȫӿռ䱦Уȡһö˵ҩԪռж˵ҩ
ҩ̷ȥ֮УʱȼһŻ棬þԻָһЩϥڴ֮ϣתķӿ˵ٶȡ
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3239 Ұ
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𵤣Ƿõ˵ҩѡ
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ǣףºһᴦáллܹ˹֣˳ȥ


3240 ´½
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3241 
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Ȼ̵Ѿǣл棬ǺпܣѾ˰šǳǺкܴĿ̵˶½׷ɱ


3242 ˲̫
ԬƵ˼ܼ򵥣̵ڳ½أŻԶӳԬߡ
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Ԭ밡ûյ㸸׵ʲôһʯǽãҰɣлܿԬ˵
վһԵľԣüˡ
лܣƤ񣬶ҺĺڷΡ
㲻ﶾ̣˲ƺѵŮҲˣڣһʯĳͶ̵⣬ίʵǹһЩ
Ԭ룬һʯǣԳʡ
ԣڰǰһʯлСϵ̻ԬҲ˰šһʯл屣ǵĳ͡ԬԾԽ˵
ˡԵͷ
λл˲ְ̫ԿлܣЦ˵
лܵʵҲƽúܣܸолϵϢԼûˣлܣҲеСϰˡ
ɴƶϣǶҲǿȥ
ˣʲôҶô˵лܿԡ
ǰûۿԣھ˵ʱȨܵƣϢһԾԳֵ˼
ֻȰлҪ̫ˣ򡭡϶ڵġЦһ
лܾҪ֡
лԬæ
лǴԼĸ֮ۡУǴȥ²ðɣлҲǰϧˡԼĸۡУԺѵŮ֣ȥ»ᱻ˳ЦɣԬٺܿ˵
ԬƵĻлܵĶͣ


3243 Χ
лܻмֿԼġ
ĳڣԬƵ˶֣Ǵȥô϶вõӰ졣
תתлĿֶ˾һ˵Сãҵĸ֮ۡУҲɱ㡣СסˣС˶ˡ
ǺǣҪлġڣԽһʯ𣿡ԵȻںлܵв
һĶʵǲֵһᡣ
㡭л۾һɡ
ˣԣҪ˵ˡԬƳ˵
Կ˿Ԭƣһת㰵ҡҡͷһʯȷʵҲ㲻ʲôϵԴóһ㣬Ҳ㹻ԬƺԬкܾúܾˡ
֮ǰҹȥл仰ת˳ȥ
㣬ô죿Ԭ뿴Ԭʵ
ֻ뿪ǣ˵ҲڳΪȫԬƾԼıһЩ
ʵϣǼΪصġһ˵ĴǷǳѵġȲ˵̵׷ɱлܵϵʯҲѾˡ
ӳʱΪִ̫٣ҲԴΪǣܹлõõлܾһǡ
ԬС㣬л˴ǣǲ뱨𣿡Ԭơ
α˵˼С˼ҲɱǣѾǵˣʲôԬЦ˵
ʵҿԳֽġ˵
ˣҲ˵󻰡ţѾлܣԾһ߰ɡǣлܿ϶Ź㡣ԬƵ
ǡԻǽͽ͡
죡ԬȷʵǴĵײ˵ʲôˣѾܷ
Ե˵ͷڻû˵
ʱԬơԬ룬ԻŻԴԬҵһӻ뿪ǵĳʱҹĻոս١
ԬƵ뿪лҵһлܡ
лңҲһСļ壬ѾӪλлܵĳϣǴظոջصǡһ˵ԬơԬҪ뿪ǡ
峤ԬƺԬ룬һľλϼлܺ̾˵
ʲôʱǵģлŶϵ
ոջ˵ԬƽѾ뿪峤㡣˵
峤лԬҵĹϵܱ˾֪ġԬƽлұѣлȴ˸ߡ⣬˷ġϼ˵
ϣʵҲôʵûа취
Ѿˣڽ죬̵Ҽ档лңһҪԬƽãǶ̱ὫлΪСϾãһл붾̿սжʧ𣿡
һսջ˶̣лҲԪˡеЩ쵰᲻žҧлһڣһģлҡͷ˵
ԬѾûˣֻʣԬƺԬˣ˵Ǻ޼ֵΪǼ룬ҲԲΪŮˣȥԿǶһȺ֮ͽлһ
ǣվǼΪʵ顣ԾЩףûиõİ취¡
ԣȷʵЩʣӰ첢̫ԬԬ뱻ɱò˶ãǾͻµġлЦһ˵̵ˣڳԬƽãһΣӲģ

ԬһˣǵĶųǡ
С㡢С㣬Ǳٶ뿪һǣŻԶӳͳ˵
ţ߰ɣߡԬ˵
ԣܸ𣿡Ԭֿʵ
Ҳ֪ԵƲδȬһȫٸ·ľԻϡ
С㲻صҡЦ
ǾͺãԬһ֡
ಣ
һˣűٷС
ԼĪʱһˣԶǡ
ͣ
ʱ򣬾ȴǽһԵʶĶͣ
ԣʲôȻǲȻȫԬƿԣü˵ΪͣϢڵĴȻΣգͣϢ
С㣬ǿѾΧˡҡҡͷ˵
ԸоߵϢ
ʲôԬƴһɫ䡣
ŻԶӳüСĹ۲ܣϸĸӦ
Ƭ̺ŻԶӳü˵δоߵ
ŻԶӳԣɾں˵˵
ܷˡǰ桢滹к棬ˡЩˣǵλýӽЦЦ˵


3244 ȫҪ
ŻԶӳɵžԡ
̫žԵĻ
˰ΧΪŻûз֣ԣܱԼĸ֪ǿ
ԬҲüžԣЩԥ
С㣬˵ز˾ŻԶӳԬ˵
ţ·뿪Ԭ¾
һ˸ҪǰУŻԶӳɫͻȻ䡣
ãǽӽ١ŻԶӳڸ֪ǰӽˡ
ҲУ
ģҷҲдߵϢС㡢С㣬ǿ±ΧˡŻԶӳɫαãͬʱЩ𾪵Ŀԡ
⾰˵ģȷġ˿Եĸ֪ŻԻҪһЩ⾰ԣҲʵߡ
ˣһͻưΧȦԬƵ
ŻԶӳһ˶̱ӣ֪ôġԬֶŻԶӳ˵
¡֪ŻԶӳҧҧѽ
С㣬Ԭߣ
ûõģǶ̴ĻǵΧ׷½أġʱûж̵ˣ붾̶ֶΡҡͷ˵
ԬȭͷȻԸ˵ĻҲòϣ˵еЩթ֮ˣôֻΧһ档
㡭ԬԬߡ
벻Ҫ¡ԬƶԬ˵
С㣬ĲصģŶ̵˹ɣǼȻұҪǻزȥԺһɫƽԬ˵
㡭㡭
ʱˣ㻹˵ִ󻰣ʲô˼𣿡Ԭŭĵžԡ
Ρ
̵úܿ죬ǰ󷽺ҷܹһߵӰ֡ЩӰܿ
ԬơŻԶӳˣȡ׼ӭս
ʱҲûİ취ֻƴɱˡ

һ̶Ц
Ԭտǣܣ
˵ģǶ̵Ҳǽǳлܼˡ
ԬƵĿ⣬ĶȻĿУŷΪŭĻ档ߣ˳ܹܺΰûлߵĺΰ
ΰܹܣЦЦĿԬƵˡ
С㣬лߵĺΰģ쵰һǣ뿪Ǻ򶾻̱ˣǵĶ򣬸˶̡ŻԶӳ
ΰܹܣ˾٣лܵ˼𣿡Ԭƿźΰܹܣʵ
ԬС㣬Ѿһô࣬ʲô˼أΰܹҡҡͷ˵
֪ǲлôɵģԬƵ
ԬС㣬Ǵˡѵ벻ǳ˵˼Ҹô𣿽գǾͲҪֿˣʹһЩΰܹĳģȰ˵
Ԭ˫Ŀ죬ޣȻ֪лǲεģȴҲû뵽лܾɵ̶ֳȡǶԸҲͰˣȻ붾̹Ҫء
ˣԬʱˣǸ·ˡ˻֡
µĶˣ׷ȡ׼ɱ̵ԬҵĻһɱʼ⽫һɱ
һҪ
Ǻǡ
ʱһЦͻأĴ
ţԬƵˣж̵ˣͿԴȺл˳
̣֣ͲʲôöǼȻˣͶɣԳк󣬻˵
Ե󣬿ÿһˣ
ţԡ
Ȼʶԡ
˭ߵˡ
ƺԬҵĻߵҡҡͷ˵
ԬơԬߵĻôʮЩףԶ̵˵İԣȴǵһμ
ʲôˣȻԬһ𣬱㶼ɱ¡ΰܹܶԶ˵
ţеͷɱ
ˣ
ɱ
ɱʱ˳紫Զ
㣡ԬԬƣһȺɷһĶ̳ԱԬЩ¡
룬¡ԬԬ֡
λС㡣ŻԶӳȵ
ʮԬҵĻԬԬΧġ
֮ǰ΢΢תŶ
Կ˵һ֡
̧֣һӿǳǳĵۼ֣漴γһӡ
ӡŶĶ˹ȥ
ʲôҲ˾ͷųӡоЩԾ
꣡ӡ˲͵Ľǰŷڵܲ
ãд󾪣æҪֵֵ
еȫԸӡ


3245 һɶ
һ
þȫ賤Ÿոջӳһ룬ӡ䵽ϡ
һƺߴ޴ѹһƬò
ӾԳ֣ɱǵָ֮顣
̵Ĵڣֻоһɿɲ֣δӦʲôǵͱɱЩڣ߳ɱ
ߣһߡ
֣һ㡣֮ϣһжʱ֡ޱߵܷڣ϶̿ж̵ĽڶڡЩ̵Ľڣֻо̶ȫסѽһ֡
ô£
ʲô
ôܶˣ
һĺԵĿֻš

Щͱ˰һ̵Ľڣӿ׹䡣Ƭ֮䣬ϰ̽ڣȫʧȥϵĺɫУҲڻɢ
ɱЩˣԾ˵̫ˣһɡ㾰ԵδȬʵȫʢʱٷ֮һЩ޷󼰵ġЩ˵ʵ̫̫ˡ
㣬ʲôˣԬ
ԬƣĿɿڴˡŻԶӳʮԬҵĻһҲ˹һ㡣
ίʵǣǷľ󣬳ǵ󡣵Ԭ룬ڲȷʲôСԺ֮С
ԬԬƻعĿ⣬ӵžԡ
ԭģԭ˵ģԬ𾪵š
һֱΪ˵󻰣ڴţң˶Ծһ̬ȡ뵽֮ǰ֣ԬƲЩҡ
޷
ѵ·ϣһ˴ˣǿֲ׵Ŀǿߡ˵ȥ췽ҹ̷
ʱľԣڿŶĺΰλǳܹܣھҵĲšϵĳۣʪ͸ˣȻȫȴǰδеĺ⡣
ԵһһתǺΰܹܣɼıԶǿ˹ΰҪߣȫĽסˡ
ԬС㣬ˣ㴦áԶԬ˵
ԬС㣬Źңҡֻ°ΰܹġ
ھԳ֮ǰΰܹܿǸ߸ϵġ̵ҪԬƽó֣ΰУ˿ûС
ŻԶӳ鷳㽫ԴԬĿ˺ΰһۣŻԶӳ
ǣŻԶӳǰ
ΰܹҪȻһָáڷһ˺ѷεĲҺԴͱŻԶӳеĳ
ԡˣԬƶžԣһ
ǰԬƶð˲Ҫ֡Ԭƽ˵
԰ڰֵԬСˣǣҿѾˡģҲӦ顣
ԵĻԬ뵽ʱʱ龰һУƻã˾Щʵ
ȻľԴˣǴڱ״̬˭뵽ΪԬļ֣ȴǣһǿĸ֡
ԡԴˣĺԬվԬҲž˵
ҾԾˡ
ڽһʱ䣬һߡǣͽҵɻɡԶԬЦ˵
ŶõģԬͷһϲı顣
˵ԣôô˵İ
ҵĵˣҸ뵽Rʱɫ˼֡
ԬҲо˾ϵı仯ܴ˾ԣ֪ʲôĴڡ
ԴˣǡԬƿ˵
УǾͻȥ֪ԬƻҪʲô
лܣȷʵǸˣʮζ

ǣ
лܣԼıԺ֮УܹܺΰϢ
ڣмлҵĸ߲λϺͼԱ
ʱ䣬ӦϢ˰ɣ̣һԸЧƵġһ˿˵
ˣлҵĴϡ
ӦÿϢˣлܵͷ˵öΣҲԬŮ˸ܵɣ
峤һԬƽñɱϢǾ͵жˡϵ
ţȻҪӵлЦһ˵
Ǻǣ붾̺ܵõһɹ۵ıܴ꣬϶ߡлܼ˵
峤˾٣Ӣ䡣պգǺǼУɾ͵ÿɫˡһлЦ˵
峤̵̫ˡлңӦǽӴЩˣ֮ͽʲôܸɵóߵ̫ǻü˵


3246 Ƿȫ
лܿϡ
ϲضǣǶ̾һȺǿлȻЩǿ̫ӽȻöһЩлҲ飬ǿԵġлЦһ
ҡҡͷҲûж˵
ڵˣڵܹܺΰϢһԬҽñɱ̵õҪģ͸öлҶֳˡնлܣ˴Э飬лܽԬҽýȥ̽͸лҴԴ
лڸ߲㣬̸֮Уһ˽
⻤һӡ
ʲô£Ͽʵ
峤λϴˣڸ⣬ӡ˵
ʲô峤еĺӡ
ѵǶ̵˽ˣϵ
ӦðɣԴôһʢţӣܷŶٶ峤лҡҡͷ
򿪿лܶԻ
ǣӦ
󣬻򿪺ӡӾǺͨľʺӣҲûƿǴˡ
ӱƿ¶Ķ󣬻ɫʱ䣬Ҫ
ʲôлǰĿһ
ţлܵ۾͵һЩ
ˣҲǰ˺Ķ
ǡǺΰܹܣ
ô᣿˭˭ɱ
õĹֱ
һȺˣǱŭ
أͺӵأлʻ
Щˣڸšæŵ˵
峤ѵǶ̵ˣЩ˶Ȼţϴ˵
ϴˣǡǶ̵ˡ֮ǰ֮ǰЩڸۡھסȺˡսľ˵
⻤ҲѰŵˣԬҡлҵĹϵ˽⣬ҲϤԬơԬˣֻ֪ԬơԬǰڳھסһʱ䡣л붾̹ᣬ͸ˣΪԬƵ뿪
ʲôлĻԾĽһ
ôܣлЩš
ѵǣΰܹܹ۲ٵʱ򱻷ˣȻɱ˺ΰܹܣֽǣϳ˵
ΰεΪԬЩôɱ˺ΰЩУҲͽŻԵĶӳ΢ǿһЩ֣Ҳɱΰлҡͷ˵
ǻ˶ɱлܹܣҪȫл͵һţ˷䡣
ϡϻڣ̸˳ȥ֮ڣʱڶฮۡۼ
ʱ˿̣ԬƽãŻԵȻоԣ֮ۡ⡣
ԬƶлңȷʵǼʹޣΰԴ͵лǰҲǷйŭֶΡ
ʵǰվԵ˼ֱɱȥǣлṲ̄ƽۡ
л˳ˡŻԶӳһֱŸۡڵѹѹһȺӿʱ̶Ԭ
šԬƵ˵ͷ
ʱ䣬л˳Ϊ׵ģл峤Ҳǳлܡ
ԬƣлܳһȣĿⶢԬƣɱ⣺ȻǣܺãǻͰеɱҵˣ
лܣǱɡԬͬǷŭĿⶢлܡ
лܣһڵΰ㱨ϢɣҲڵŶ̵ϧû뵽ɣԼģȴΰԴԬƱлܡ
ʲô˼лһ𣬿кʵ
µ񣬻ҪװģлܣҸ׵ǿ۲ŽѡԬ˵ȽǸϳǣȻúΰ۲뿪ķͽϢй¶̵Ǻǣлܣ޳ܡϧȫˡ
л΢Щҡ
Ԭ˵ģȻʵֻǣЩŪΰôġԬƵˣûĽɱԬƵ˶̵ԱôȻĻصǣ
һ˵ԬҲǺܴˣԬƵ˶̵׷ɱҲӦԶ߲ŶԡصǣͶѰ·
һʱ䣬лЩԥ
ϸĿԬһȺˣȺ֮УûʲôЩˣʮ֮ǰԬǵģµס
ܺã㶼֪ˡ˵ģһ㶼ûл֮ܳУ˵
ֻǼ֪ˣôɱҵˣҾҪѪծѪ죬һ߲ǣȫҪ֮ڡ죬˵ʬ壬ͻᱻڳĿҰϣΪҰʳлɷݵ˵
Ǻǣлܣ㱾²󣬿ǲСЦһ˵
漴ԬʵԬС㣬ЩлˣǷȫ


3247 ˭
԰ɱȨԬơԬ룬лҵδãԬơԬþл֮ĶԹ
;˵лܺлûгԹġлܻлҵĺܶˣȻƾǵΪ˵ϧ
ԬƺԬҪƽлңҲ
ԲѵСΪ˭
ԬδлܱǶԾԺ
˵Ļһȫûнлܺлҷӣеǳŭ
һðģ
ʮ֮ǰԬƽһǡʱǱһԬһϣƺˡԬƵ˽ǵٹ»˵
ȻԬҵĻٹ˵
ԬҵĻװͳһģԵװԬһͬ
֪ðС쵰лǰлҵĴ϶ԾԺǳ⡣
һֱһȻı飬лˡ
峤лԬһֱǽõġУᣬһú̸̸϶лȰ˵
λлҵĶϣһֱ̫֧лܵ
ϣлҵܹܶɱˣ̸ô̸лܺص˵
ԬС㣬о𣿡ֶԬһ䡣
ûԬ룬Ϊģ϶Ԭơ
ԬȷʵЩԥ
ɱɱǣһлȶлҵĻлӵˣǣԬơԬ뻹оԵȫɱ⡣
Կкһ֡
ָ֣лһ㡣һӿϮлܡлֻоһɿֲԼ׼ʱ䶼ûУԴͱһָӡָӡ̺Ļ̼֮佫ߡ
лܣȥ
ʱЩл˺лҵĻȵȣŷ׼ǰΧԬˡֻǻûǳɱǾͷ֣峤лܵȥ
峤
峤ôˣ
ϵˣæл߲ܵ쿴оܿ죬Ǿͷлҵ峤лûϢһѪ
ܣϵ˶Щ£ǲ֪ʲô
ǵʶǾԶл֣ܳɱлܡǣǲ֪ôɱлܵġлҵ峤ƺûз
ǡǶ˿ŭɶ
ʲôɱϽл
ԴˣɱǰɣԬƺ˵
Ե˵ͷ
ٴ֣лҴָյһ¡
һָӡۣϮлҴϡλϣлһոӦֵϾͳһѪȻǵü赲Ҳ޼£ǵסԵĹܡ
һξԲδɱлҴϺ֣ͣ΢΢һ𣬻Ӱɱʩչ
Ե廹ڻָ֮Уʩչ岨̫󣬵Ӱɱһ͵ȵĻʩչǿԵġھʩչӰɱͬʱѾڳлԱӰɱϢĸǳȥ
ֻգʱ䣬Щ׼ɱԬ˵лԱȫһȻȥ
лҵĸ֮ۡ⣬лԱʬ塣
һ紵ŵлˣһַ·ԾԨĳǺ⡣
㡭㵽˭лҵĶϣֵĿ⿴žԡ
ûûйʱ⸮ۡ⣬ֻжϺļ˻վš
˭Ҫġҡҡͷ
ʱԬƵˣԾԵʵٶȵĸе𾪡ǣҲ֪Եǿ󵽸̶ֳȡȻھԳɱ˵ʱǾףǿ󡣿ٿԳ֣޷Ƶĸе𺳡
ԬС㡭ϿԬơ
ϣԬƳ˵ұлɱ¾лܵˣ̫ˡ
ҡ֪һ㲡
ǰлҸһʯڣҪлҰһʯǡԬ˵
ţӦõġľګĵͷ˻֣һŵл˽˼䡣
Ǹлˣ븮ۡȥȡһʯ
лҶϴԬƵĻУ֪ԬӦòɱ¾лˡǼˣлҲˡлҵĸ߲Ա˴峤ˡлңصסˡ
һʯܿ㱻ȡˡлҶϣһʯֻԬơ
ԬС㻹Ը𣿡Ԭƣն
ԬҡҡͷתĿԾԵԴˣлǷǵģѾ˻ڣ߰ɣ


3248 
ϣǡô죿
һлԱѯʶϡ
ҲãȻлҷ˾޴ıʣ˭õ
ԬߵǸˣʲôˣԬƣôҵ˿µǿ߰ǿߣôᡭϵš
Ƿ飬ܿ㴫ˣǣܱߵĳС
ԬơԬߣһʵǿߣڶ̸۵Ľ㡣һʱ䣬ܶ˶Ԭƽǿߵ
ͬʱԬơԬ;һˣȴǷǡǣ̰ռš˴ηǣҪ򶾻̸

ô˵л군ˣ
л̫޴ˣΪһ棬ͳԬǶԽá
ȷʵ޲ɼԬҽߣôǿߡлܴӦðᣬǿΪԼáһлҽǿ󣬲ΰסǣš
лܸͲ֪Ԭҽôǿ߰ɣ֪ǾͲȴ¡
лǻţһޱȵİûڰɣϧѾˣûյĻˡ
ƬڵһУЩҲڹעšһЩѾҪ̵ˡлѾˣȻǲлҼռǡ

ԴˣǾˡԬվھߣָǰһС
ǣǹģСһЩУԬҵĳСڣ˶̵С
ȶǣԿԬơ
ţǡԬƵͷ
ãǰɣ˵
ǣѾȫơеȻҲ˶̵ˡ
ԬƵ˸սӽţ̵ǰ档
ţԬΪ֮ˣϳԬƺԬ롣
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ҡɫһ졣
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ԬƣȻΪͳѾˡ
С㡢С㣬ôˣ߰ɣһǼ̳Աʬ壬ߴԬƵ뿪
ǻҪǡȻţӦͶ˰ɣԬ˵
صı˵ͷ
ҲͶ̣δδڷԬƺԬ£øϽ뿪
֪ˣˡ̬Ԭư˰ּ˵߰ɣ
С㣬ǸϿ߰ɣҪȻһᱻ̷֣߾߲ˣЩˣŹǵģ˵
áԬҡͷ
ԴˣǽǰɣԬֿ˵
ãӦһ
һ˽Уܿж̵Աһˣ֪ͨڹǵĶ̸߲㡣ĶԱԬƵ˰Χ
ԴԬƽãһ·ɨ˹ȥֻҪǶ̵ĳԱȫնɱֻҪ棬Щ̵Ա˵ĻᶼûСܿ죬Աɱǵĳ
ǲҲһ·ԬƵˣδ뿪ǡһ·ҲԽԽ𾪣С㡢СߣȻһµߡҲŪߵʵжǿֻԼľãλߣǵĴǿߡ
ɱʱ򣬳ڶԱҲϱɱˡ
ǵĶ̸߲㣬ʶ⣬æ켸ų˳պԬơԬˡ
ǡôģɫ䣬ĺʵ
˵ԬǣдϲɳڶĶԱȥΧɱȴ룬Ԭȴ֮ɱ˳֮⡣ԣɳЩˣֻ׶༪ˡ
һ̧֣ȫ涾Ա
Էųֳ
ԬС㣬ڣѾûˡԬ˵
С㣬ҡ
żˣӺ˻Ԭǰ
С㣬ҴδԬҡֻǡֻǵұ̵ĽץסҲòίߡԬǰΪԼ⡣
Ϊ˻ԬĿ˵
С㣬ԭһΡ룬ΪԬЧͷ˵
㣬²ͳɣԬΪ飺ͳ죬ǻ˵ġͶ̣Ҳûа취ġ


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ոնǣȷʵҲҪάʱ䶾̿ǣһƬңӳ롣
ǰǵͳ죬ټһЩ֣ԬƹǡԬ߾ֻŻԵһЩԶԶá
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ԴˣһԬƿԣʵ
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ԬҪסǣȻÿԡûоڣԬƺԬ޷صǡ
ŻԶӳͲͳ죬Ҳԡ
ŻԶӳԾԵʵѾȽ˽⣬֪Եľ絽жߣɲ˿šͳ죬ҲۿԴλСӳһ·Ͻû˿Եֵ
Ⱥ˵ϳʲôطʵ
λԴˣ̾һȺǿûй̶ڡͳȿڻشԡ
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յȺˣһ㶼ɽԾŻԶӳ
ԴˣɽϷ򣬾벢Զɽܴ󣬶̵˷ֲɽڣǶɽϤԬ˵
˵Ҫ𣬲װС
仰ͳɫ˱䣬ʶĿ˾һۡλԴˣȻŽ
ͳþԵ뷨ЩףȻɾԡ
Цһ˵ԴˣǶ̵ĴһǿߡƬ֮УеĳҲûĶ֡ǶҲǽӽߡټµڶǿҪǣǲܵ顣
þӦҲǵǿߣǡ̵ԱԶԶǡ붾ӲӲѰ·
Կ˲һ˵ɱֱǶءԶ̵ӣ϶ᱨİɣȻˣǾǵҲС
ǵҲãԿԼָơ
С㣬ҾǿԳڶ̱֮ǰԮԬ˵
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ĻԬɫ䡣
лҵ̬ȣԬĺлܣǸԬõѡ
оԴˣԮԬƶһ˵
ͳֿ˿ԡ
Ա鵭Ȼ

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þԵļ˵Ҫﵽڤվǿǿ֮СڵǲֵһᡣǴﵽﾳߣҲʲô
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λҪΪ𣡡
ԣΪ𡣡
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ſɣ̣һ׺ݵչǣֻ»ᱻ¾


ǳ
ԴˡԬƵ뾰Եķ䡣
Ԭֱ֣ԬƼֳƾԴˡ
ԬС㣬𣿡ԿԬʵ
Դ˵Ķ飬ҡҲ֪λرԬĿžԡ
ԬС㣬Ѿ̸۹ˡǳְҿѾˡǾҵҰһЩ飬ҲӦõġԣԬС㲻˵ֻˡҡҡͷ˵
ãԺҲ˵ˣһСԬƵͷ
Դˣ㵽ʲôأԬʾԡ
ԾԵ磬ȻǷǳ档ھԵϣܸܵһֳȻ⡣·ǿߣھǰֵһᡣ
´½ǿˣ𡣡Ի˵ҵľ磬ô˵ءҵȬǿܡǿߣҲסһָɣ
˻Ԭһ˵ı鿴žԡ
ԬЩŹ֣һʱӡţԵӣƺֲڿЦ
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Դˣѵϲţ𣿡Ԭֹ
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˿ûΣԬ澰Ρ
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ŻԶӳԴأû𣿡ԬŻԶӳŻԶӳȥоԵġ
С㣬ԴˡŻԶӳŹ˵
ԬЩ¡
ʱˣԴˡͳ콹
Դ˵Ƕ̵ˣδִҪһᣬǲŻᵽԲżŻԶӳ˵
С㣬⡭ͳЩĶ˶š
ûоڣЩˣܵס̡˵ֵ̣ܶˡ
ֻҪžԴ˾ǣԴˣһἰʱġԬô˵ʵҲûס
ˣֻܵš
С㣬̵ĴѾǧ֮ڡһ̽ӷɿԬߣϢ
ţ֪ˣ̽ԬƵ˵ͷ˵
ֹһᣬ̽ӻ̵ĴִǡΪ׵ˣպյĶ̴
ʱľԣڳԼסķУ۾У֪˶̴ıƽ


3250 Ĵ
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Ͷ춾̴󲿷ֳԱƽǡһιǣɾͲҪˣҪǽɱͨľҲŹ
֪ھѾԶ۾˷䡣
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УڡԬŵʱǵĳҲѡ
һΣԬܱ߼ԮֻǵĳӦǶԿ̡УҪôͲԬɳʹߣҪôֱӾܾ
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ûǶ̴ԣҲ֪ǴӺδҶ̵飬µĴ󡣱ڵĻᶼ㡣죬㽫ڴˡ˵
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仰ڣȫ¶һŭı顣
ʱڶǶȺĶߣһȺ˳֡
ȺΪ׵ģǳ绳绳ӦԬƵԮҲĴһ֧ˡ绳ˣŶе˫
ˣ˶ڣǴʵǿǣҪ𣿡һվ绳ߵߣ绳˵
绳ҪǶԿ̣ʵвٷġڲгϷԡ绳ݣǿƶ˶ǵԮ
ǰˣǸûʤ㣬ʤҲ󡣼ܻʤضҲǲʤǵʧǳ󡣵ʱ˳֣ԱûС˵ͳ˵
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绳˾٣ҲΪ˻飬ǷԬ顣һζ̹ǵʱ绳֯ԮǡΣҪԬŮֵ̡


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绳̬ȼΪߵҲףȰıǺѵ顣
עˣ绳Ŀһֱ֮⡣
ƺҪˡ绳˵̣Ƿ֮ǴӶ̵ĺ󷽷𹥻ڵһ֮УҪÿˣǿĹֶζͷųҪȡ̵ʱڣ趾ΪصĴ
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ԽԽĲҽһ̵Աӿ׹䡣̶ɲǣƬѹѹգͱһƬԵĹδֹͣ
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΢΢һЦֱչһ£һɵ٣ǴıԶ˾˹ھԵĵ֮£ء
е˽һǹԬƵǰ
ԬС㣬˾ͽ㴦ˣѾתĿԬ˵
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ŻԶӳѹȥֱɱ̫ˡԬƶŻԶӳ
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Զǵ绳ˣ
ǱӺ󷽣ͻϮ̣ǳϮɱһʱ򣬾Ϳ̵ĳԱһӿ׹䡣


3252 һ
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仰绳˵ɫҲ΢΢һ䣬λϵ˼ȻԮǣֵĻᶼûУվˡ֮⣬ûκһǰһһݺܴ顣
оĿֲԺ벻ɻڴﶼѡ
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ǰǣǰˡò˶ãǾܳΪƬǿĳаɡ˳Ż˵
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Ԭƿ绳˹Ҳӭ
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лǰԬƵл
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绳λ׼ϯһɡԬƶ绳˵
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Ǿ߶ˡ绳̾˵
绳ߵˣҲ˷ܵɫǰ֮в˶ԮǣֻΪ˼֣Ҳòڿȼ֮

ʲô̸ˣ
ʲô
ʲô̱ˣôܣ
ȥԮǣ绳Ƿˣ
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ܱߵĶУ̵õ˴ǴصϢ֪ˣѾȫûնɱǻ׽
ϢЩеĸ߲ԱһӦǲšȷʵԺǱĬˡ
мУԬƵԮУ⼸еĳԭԬߵöȽϽȻǲδǽԮ
֪̱֮ȻǳĺԼûȥԮǡ
ֻȥˣǣһǳмǰɣһ̾ϢһҡҡͷĽǵ
ҾͲףλоԵߣ֮ǿһ˸𶾻̣öǿʵˣĪﾳĴڣǣﾳĴڣôԬƽ
Ԭδ
У̸۹̵飬Ҳ̸λԴˡ

ǣԬдǵ绳ˡϯϣԲδϯڷڣ޸΢塣
ԬֶŮǴҵľԴˣϯϣƹѲ绳̲סʵ
ʵǣȥѰҾԴˡԬƻ˵գ밢ǣǡ·ϣ˾ԴˣԴˣǸպð˾Դһæ֮󣬾Դ˱ˡ
ԭ绳˵ԬֶŮǵĺܺá㣬һλﾳǿڡԺ벻Ѱ
ԴδػһֱǰĴڣֻ²᳤ڴġԬҡҡͷȻϣһֱǣҲףⲻ̫ʵ


3253 
ԬԴǿߣǽ͸Ҳ
һУ¸ûԴ˷ɡ
ǰһЩ취þԴ˶ͣһʱġ绳ͷ˵
ԻᾡԴˡԬƵ
ԬֶŮɽǱߣʲô㣿绳һת˵ɽ
̣ɽɽûй̶ϳɽ֮ڣһЩ̾ݵĴڵġ
񶾻ѾЩݵ㣬ɾȵúˡ
Ҫ֪֮ڣһȺѪ֮ͽǾǿݣѹ˴ĲƸ
ЩѹĲƸһֳλ˲Ʋкܴⲿ֣Ƕ̵ĹƲЩƲȻᱻĳЯЩƸӦþЩݵ֮УܱһݵڣҲܱɢá
֮һ˵ĲƸۺ졣
Ԭƿ绳
Ҫᣬû˼ֻǣɽǱߣҪ׼ԤϲһˣҪзֵúôġ绳ԬԼ˼
绳⣬ҲǵˡңѾòͳˣǰɽԬ˵
绳˼׵ġ
õ˱Ƚ٣ɽ̫ˡ绳ǷǰæȻԸֳһЩǡԬ绳˵
ԬֶŮңȻæ棬ǲҪԮǣҲΪ档绳ЦЦ˵ֻǣֻ˳棬סġ
ԬֶŮһ𣬶ǰɽ绳˵
绳˵еϯ֮ǱһͬǰɽԬ֮󣬵ͷ˵
ϯ֮ԬƱ绳һͬǰɽ绳˲ǵԱߣȷʵûжٿ֮ˡ
ڵڶ붾̵ĶսУˣϴǱƳǵʱ˵Ա̫̫ˡҪָԪҪʱ䡣
ԬƣҲû취ֻܽ绳ǵ
Ԭƺ绳ִɽʱ򣬲ͳ죬ǵһЩˣҲɽ֮ǣûнɽڲΪɽģֻǵˡУ½˵ִеĳУǳԴԱ
ͳˣֻܽЩԵýš
С㡣
绳Ԭƺ绳ɳһ
еԱɽѹ֮ö˵Ԭƺ绳ִ֮ǰ˼Ҫ⼸еԱ

һЦţ˿˵ԬС㣬ǵˣǽɽʲô˼
˵֮ˣǹ̻ǰҵĳϡ̻ǵĳǰҵ峤
ҳд̻ǵԱ
ϣǹ̻ǵٶȺܿ찡Ԭû˵绳תĿԷЦ˵
绳⻰ʲô˼ҳĿ
ΪʲôɽҶ˵𣿼Ȼˣαװɵء绳˵
绳Ҳ˵ɽκһСκˣȨɽǣǽɽδ̫ˡѵɽѾǵһˣҳϴ˵
˵ûɽǹûǽС
ԬС㣬Ͽÿ˳ͻɹֲǡ
üеĸ߲Ա׷׿ڡ
ǡԬŭ˵Ƕ̱Ǹҽɽ𣿡
ԬǰҲ뵽пܻ򶾻̲Ƹ⣬ȴûϵЩ˵޳ܣһ涼Ҫˡ
ԬС㣬Բӣǵĳˡ
ǣǳԴڶ£ɽ֮⡣
ǵλ߳Ԭƣ˵Ϊһˡˣ񣬳Χ˶̡񣬶̻һЩ©֮㣬ɽ֮СǣӦýɽЩ©֮նݳԬС㣬ĲӦǡȻҲסǳԱľġ
߳һȻӡ
߳˵û
ǣǽɽΪ˽һ򾡵ġ
Ԭƣƾʲôǳ񣿡
һƬӡ
֮У˵
ΪֹǺ֮⣬У˴ִ֣ɽ֮⡣
̵ĲƸȷʵǼȡԸ̵ʱһ¶ͷڶ군˼кôˣȿֺˡ


3254 Э
ǵ绳ԬƶӦѹء
һʱƣֻǻиĳԱִ
ô죿
һӦĳ棬ԬҲûо顣绳ȻԬƣȻǼжҧɽΪ̵ɽǹûҲûʸռ
ִҪȥ·ܻܿһս
Ұ
˼֮УԬ˾óֵĳ棬ʱİ
λҲ˵Ϊ˽𶾻̵Ǻǣ̻ʣ¼ˣȻҲֵλʦڡ
ǾͰѻ˵һ㣬λˣ޷ǾҪõ̵ĲƸˡԬ˵
Ԭǰ仰ڳܶ˻뷴仰˱㶼һһĵԬƼ˵ȥ
ҲãȻҶˣҲôҰɽҵĶ̲ƸֻҪɡʣµ֮Уռɣɣɸλĳо֡Ԭƻ˵
ԬҲǿǵȥͽ⡣ŪãսңսȵĳԽԽֻ࣬þʧء
ԣǾһЩ棬õĳУҲһݣþĽ⡣
ԬС㣬θδ̫˰ɣССǣھҪɲƸЦһ˵
ǣȲ˵ɽڲ˶ٶѹĲƸǣƾʲôҪɣУƾʲôɣһɣ
ǿЦ
ԬСĪǾãķ䣬ܽ⣿
óһЩɣ
˷׷׳ԣԬķ䷽
λ绳ͳȵǲҪ̫ˣԴˣǡλĪþԴ˹𣿡
绳˵Դ˵֣ڳˣһɫΪ֮һ䡣
ǿûԣθģǵȻ˵Ǿһ˶̡дţλԴˣﾳĿֲڡ
ЩУûһеﾳĿǿߡ
£Ҳ뾪ԴˡλľͲˣǾԴˡԬ˳˵
̵ĸλһûڣǰװ׻úô˵ƾʲôô࣬˵ǣоԴڣɾ㹻ˡ̵Դϸ˵ھԴ˵ġǣѵԴ˵ԴɣԬȻ̧ࡣ
ڳеԱ
ǿԲǲԬƣҲǷǣλԴˣǲòء
ǺǣԬС㲻ǵĸ߳Цһ˵ţǣͬԬСķ䷽
ǵĸ̬߳ˣУҲڶݵ½ı̬ǿͬˡ
ȻҶͬˣǾͰķ䷽аɣ
һҪǴҶһͬɽֻң˭Ҳȷ״ɽҵ˶ٶ̵ĲƸܾ˽زƸԬƻһת˵
ô죿˴
һ취ǣÿһУɳ˽ɽнɽԱڽ󣬱ͬʱжͬʱѰҶ̵ĲƸȺУǱĻ죬֮󣬱ʸ֮ġԬ˵
ԬƵ˼Ҳܼ򵥡
ƽɽÿһУֱɳ˽Снˣӣޱ˽ض̲Ƹ֡
취С绳ͷ˵
ڳеĳԱȴûˬĵͷ
λԥʲôţǶͬԬСķ䷽ԬСһİ취ѰҶ̲ƸǾòףֻ˵˼绳һ
Ǻǣ绳ˡԬСİ취ȷʵԡôôɣ
аɣ
Ȼ˲ԸҲͷͬˡ
ÿɳˡһŸУɳʮ߽ɽ
ԬƵˣɽ֮ȴ
λȻѾЭ顣ôܻһ⣬ҪͬԵ⡣
ڶʮ߽ɽ֮Ԭٴγ
ʲô⣿̲õĲͷ
Ҫõ̲ƸĳУȻֻǾŸС룬֮󣬱иĳǰʱ˿̿ѾеԱˡ˵ǣгǰӦúų⡣Ԭ˵
ûΪԬСԼǡǵĸ߳һ


3255 
ֻҪôִĳУӶ̲Ƹҧһھˡ
ԬǵģȷʵȽȫ
ڳĸͷˣҲȻͬ⡣Ͼһ˵йͬ棬øĳвֻڳĸ١
ɽ֮еӪկȻû뿪Ĵ㡣Ԭƺǵ绳ͬ
ԬûգмִΪȵľдĬļ㶼⼸е˲ģҲûʲôð취ܲŸзɣǱ棬ҲûоʹȥͬѡȴĽһչ
ʱ䣬˶ʮ졣
һգ
еĶʮߣɽ߳
ʮ߳󣬾еͷ֮ˣӭȥ
ɽҵ̾ݵ𣿡˴ʵ
ɹҵݵ㣬ҷһ⣬ѾеԴȫ˳ɽڵһ߻Ӧ˵
⻰Ϊ֮һ
ȲҪ̵ֿԴȫŵǵĸ߳һƬƽĿյ˵
Դʱǲϡ˵
Ԭƿͳ죬ͳ˵ͷ
ͳ죬ҵĶԴóɡԬƶԲͳ˵
ǣС㡣Ӧ
󣬲ߵյأһԴһռָȡ
ԴǾˡѻ˶۾ȡ
ֳв
ⶾ̣Ǹа
벻̾ӴĲƸ쿴кܶ༫ΪԴС˵۾ŶѻɽԴ
Ԭƣ΢΢Щ⡣Ҷ뵽̷ǳС̾ɽʱԶȻܹܴԴǳ˴˵
ǷˣЩԴ֮Уһ붼Ҫǰ˵
⻰һ˵ܶʱвٵĿ⣬ԬơǶռһԴۺ졣
λˣǽɽֻҵݵ㡣ǴӶĿе֪ɽڵľݵ㣬һ߸Ҳ˵ݵδ֡Ʋ⣬ɽУж̱ڡ
ʱһǰɽߣ˵
ʲô߸ݵ㣿
ô˵ݵûз֡
˵Ļǿҵ඾̵ı⣿
һ񣬿ɽķ
Ǻǣ̵ĲƸȷʵǳǵ󰡣Ȼݵûз֣Ǿͼȥɣǵĸ߳Цһ˵
ȽѾѰЩԴ֮ǰķ䷽һ°ɣԬ˵
ԣ˷ˣ
֮󣬼ɽѰҶ̵ı⡣
ǣֵеɡǣֵеɡʣɣ߸ƽ֣ÿнӽɡΪԴǳ֮࣬ǰɵԴҲȻĶ
λһνɽģ֮ǰʮ߰ɣǵ绳
ԡ
û⣬ѾһΣɽҲϤһЩٽѰݵ㣬ܺʡ
Ǿͻʮ߸˽ȥ
ͳȶʮߣٴνɽѰҶ̵ı⡣
֮ɽ֮⣬ˡ
ǰǺ֮߸УֻǵĳˡеĳûԵڵһԴеĳȻٶȵִˡµ֪˶̵ĲƸжôӴסˡ
һԴ֮ǰ⼸Ҳû뵽̵ĲƸൽ̶ֳȡҪȻǿܻɽ
żггԬƣ䷽ǾãԼĳУֵԴ̫ˣҪǺǣóһԴ
Ԭƺǵ绳ȻǲԸ⡣֮ģǸˡ
ΪԵ壬ЩҲĶǶ֡
Ԭ̣ǾԵˡûоڣǼǺ֣Ҳסе̰֮ġ
ԬֶŮЩİ
Ӫ֮УֻԬƺ绳绳˵
Ԭƽ˫ü֪绳˼ʵҲİ
̵ĲƸԶǵԤڡٴɽУԴ˵᲻ա绳˵
绳ǾãǸóһЩݶ𣿡Ԭƿ绳
Ҳ˼ʵϣòҲǵ̰ǣֻҪࡣ绳ҡҡͷ


3256 ص
Ԭ绳
绳˼ǣԬʵ
ԬֶŮ¿»ҪԴԳС绳˵
ǼеĳȫԵִ˴˵ء֮ǰķݶûҪɽ绳ΪǼжᷢѡ
ܹҲҪֻ֣ҪӦþ͹ˡ
绳Ҳһ㡣ֻǡҵľԴᷳЩ¡Ԭҡҡͷ
ֻȵſˣʵڲУԬֶŮһҪ֪ͨԴˡ绳ͷԬƵ뷨
ԬƵͷӦһ⣬򲻵ѣᾪԴˡ

ͳȶʮߣνɽʱ䳤˺ܶࡣǵһνɽ˶ʮˡһΣȴ֮ãǲŴɽһͬ
Ԭ绳Ȱ˸еĳһʱǰ
ջΣһĿŸո߳ɽĶʮߵ
ëǵĳ
ˣνɽջ޴󣡡ëǵһߣ˷ܵ飬ĳ˵
ڳˣȫ˶䡣
ҵµıˣëǳ¶Цݡ
ţһΣǽɽѰһ顣̵ľݵ㣬ȫҵЩݵУַ⡣ңһ֮еԴȾˡëܵ˵
콫ջó˴ߴ٣㡣
һεջȻǵĲͳʱܡڵõԬƵʾ֮󣬲ͳС
Ҷ˺һ¡ͳ˵
ʲô˼
ΪҪ˺󣿡
һЩĿŲͳ죬ơ
Դ̫࣬Ҫĵطáͳ
˻
ͳܣѾһƬܴƽˡͳ˼ƺǿطŲ´˴δɽԴ
һξ롣
ĥˣ㽫Դóһߴٵ

һ֮˵֮УԴ֡
ڳˣЩڣȫˡԴϣǶסˡǸԳеıдŵԴԶԶûǰԴࡣ
ݵĳû֮ȺǷҪȥ
Ҷ绳һȡ
̵ĲƸ˳ڣǷһ£Ȼ뿪绳˵
еĳ໥һۡ
֣ȻҪֵġڷ֮ǰǵ˵һ˵ηЩԴһЦһ˵
ȻǰԼõķз䡣绳ü
ԼõķʲôԼõķô֪ǳһЦڴ֮ǰҿûʲôˣԼ÷䷽
Ǻŵִɽġǰͬ䷽ģЩ˵¡ˣˣˡ
绳ôǣǣĪԶʳ˶ԴҲԼţ
ǺǣëǣҲûͬʲô䷽
ҪƤġ
ʲôԬƷŭʵ
ԬС㣬㻹ᣬܶ㲻Ժ׵ġЦŶԬ˵
λ绳Դȷʵܶ࣬ҶҪֵܶԴλҪˣЩԴУкܴһ֣ھԴ˵ġ
绳ᵽԵֶ֣һۡ
绳ҲҪԴŻǣߣѰҶ̵ĲƸЩжˡƾʲôǶռһ룿ǣʲôˣȴܵõԴʯǵĳ˵
Ǻǣ߸мһɵԴЦëǳ

ʱһЦΧӰ˽
ְöԴһˣĿⶢųжѻԴ˵
˵ǣɾ̫˼ˡ̵ֶıأȴ뽫Ǽ棬ǿǴԴȣܲصһ۾˵
ոմΧ⼸ˣҲǳݡ
Ԭơ绳ˣüżոսĳ
ʲô绳ͺȵ
ʲô绳ǲɵˣǣȻֶ̱صģڹȥ˲Ҳ٢ǵ̶ӡҲ٢ǣȻҪûԼĶ٢ǵĳ绳Ц
棬ĻǾŸзԴȴǱʯˡ
ǿԬѹеŭ𣬽΢΢š
ǿԬС㣬ɲ˵㸸ԬɱҲΪ˸еźǣɲﳤˣֻΪûԼĶ٢ǳԬơ


3257 
٢ǳĿ⣬з̵ζ
仰ֱӽԬƴСָԬﳤЩġ
ԬưˣҪ֪㣬㲻ܽеĺôȫԼС
ƬУô꣬һУûԴأգջԼĶ޿ɺǵ顣Ԭ㣬ȴֹǣʣһ𣿡
ϵļһÿһ仰ָԬơ
Ǽ뵽ԴеĳҲֳĬǶԼֵܹԴݶ⣬Ҫ·һ֣ԴʱԬ˵
ǵ绳һֱԬǰһˣ˫ȭѵ֡
ԬŭҲһ㣬뽲ǸͨġЩ˶Ǻ
ҲҪ˷ʱˣ˵һ˵ζЩ̵ĲƸзɣԬƲ˵ˣһ¶ʤߵ̬˵
ҿΪƽķ䷽ʽƽЩԴ顣
ûӦƽ֡һʮĸУҶͬԴ̾˵ͷ顣
λͷͬƽ̵ֶĲƸ
ȻҶΪӦƽ֣ǾôɣڣһԴľ٢ǳϴյЦ˵
Ҳͬ⣡Ԭƿڣ˵
ԬС㣬ⲻͬⲻͬ⣬Ӷ㲻ͬҲͬ⡣Ҫôʹǵ뿪޹ءһЦ˵
۸ǰɣ
ãȻҪߣԣȻôҪƤҲֻ뾰ԴԹˡҵҪҪǿھԴ˵ԴԬŭЦ
ڳˣ仰жôգȷʵӡ̵ǿᣬǶǶ̣һ˸ˡ漤ŭԣ˭Ҳ˵ԼܹסԵŭ
ҪǷ̵ĲƸȻܣ
һʱ䣬Щסˡ
һֹľ֮УΧȺͻȻһ궯
ΧǶѻԴʮԬƣȫתĿȥ
ǿӰ߽ˡ
ԬƺʮΪ֮˺ɫȫΪ֮һ䡣
֮Ϊ׵ǸһϮɫĳۣƾˡ֮ǸеǸ߲Ĵڣֻҿһ̵ۣͷ
ոյִɫ۵ߣ֮ߣֻĵҲеˣе⡣
Ǻǡͣ½ŲзһЦ
Ŀ⣬ŶѻԴ
СȻҲܻܳôһʵԴţЩ벻˳Į⣬ȴǰԵ
УֻС̣ûб
سϴˣ˳ʺ
شˣ
ʺ
ɫ۵ߣΪء
λǰôнسϰڰ֣Ц˵
ˣȻЩԴѾɽб˳ôûʲôˡڣǶԻȥɣسϻһתɵ˵
سϵĻڳÿһˣж͵һ
ԣسҪռЩԴˡ仰е˼ǲ㣬еһ㣬ʮС
æôʱ䣬ȴʲôҲûܵõڳȻвԸԸȴұ¶ΪǰˣǽسϣڵĽسϡ
ڣޱǿһ
ЩУֻһƬеһСЩֻƿԼĳСڣȴǵߡһƬ򣬶ǶƬߡЩ֮УûκκγСκˣڶԿЩǰһСˣ
سϣڵĳϣ֮ڣλǳߵĳϡУֻмˣڽس֮ϡ䱾ˣһﾳĿֲڡ
ˣǿȻǰԴȤ
̵ĲƸȷʵЩжǳۺ졣Ƕ˵ЩԴ¸㲻ʲôһﾳĿֲڶԣЩԴʵҲ㲻̫ɣ
ﾳĴڣȵǿ̫̫ˡ
سϡԬҧҧݣ̧ͷ
ˣҿڣɽسϡԬƣܾôýسϣЩ̵Դ
ţǺˣسĿ⿴Ԭƣʵ
سϣԬƣҸǳԬԬƱԼݡ
ŶԭԬŮسϵ˵ͷ


3258 ˭ʶ
سϿԬƣԹЦݡ
ԬƣлҪ˵سʵ
سϣǾԴ˳ġԣ̵ԴӦھԴ˵ġԬ˵
سϴЦ
ԬƵ⡣
ʱ٢ǵȳеĳԬЩ޴ǿԬ
ȻسֱӴ򽻵࣬سʲôԸҲŵġôڽسҪǹһƨҷţ
ǲ
سҪǣǺܼ򵥵飬УҲʲô
ԬƣҵԽس˵Щ
ЩԴҪˡسЦ֮󣬼˵ˣ˵᲻£ҾͲɱˡ
سϣĴڣڸУǿš㣬ΪҪ㶾̵ԴأԬƴ
ˣسЦȫʧ񳹵
֪ĶϷ˵㸸ԬϷǰҲ˵һ֣سϵϣѳɱ⡣
سϢŭ绳æԽس˵Ԭƣ£һӣسϲҪ֡
Щ̵ԴسϿϣǱö˵һֵġֻǣȷʵ뾰ԴйأǾԴ˳ġ绳Ǿֻȥ޷뾰Դ˽
ʲôƨľԴˣس϶绳
Դˣǡ绳һ˵
ߣسһ˵ҪЩԴҡҵҪмֱ¡
ǡ绳˵
سʧȥģһ֮󣬶绳һơ
ǿܵ
绳Уһƺ֮ˣ㱻ķ˳ȥ绳ڵѪҺˤ䵽ϢǷǳήңɫ԰ס
سһƣǽ绳ˡ
ҹسĿ⻷ܣȫ
ʮеĳعæسϹȻ׼뿪
ҪԴҲԸΪЩԴðաǣҪǿ϶ԥѡԼСԴǺöƣȻҪ
绳Ԭٶȣ绳ߡ
û¡û¡绳ǿվ
ƣء
Ԭƣ߰ɣȻȥ绳Ԭ˵
Ҫⶾ̵ԴǾˡȽسٳ֣ǿ϶Ǳɱˡǵسϱȣ̫
ţԬƵ˵ͷ
ţȲҪߣسȴһ
˵֮ǰѾһʶ̵Դ˳һԴ󲿷ֶ˵ϣس˵
ԣѾ˵¡ܾ˰ߥ޵ġ̵֪һͳԴѾзˡǺǣõе߳ɷݶ
ڣǽϵԴȫóԹԵģܻ
УǸԬƣ̵ЩˣⱻɱİɣҲ˵ǴЩ̵ķУӦҲõ˴ԴЩԴҲóҪ˵һ֣ǡسϻ˵
Ԭкӿ
ಡ
ʱһϸ΢ƿʴ
յԶˣһӰ֡
ˣǴǸľԡ
ԴˣԬƿԣһ
Դˡ绳Ҳ
ǾǾԣ
Ӧˣһ˶̵ľԡ
ҲﾳĴڣȻˡ
ﾳĴڣڽسǰҲûʲôðɣѵڶԿɣ
ǰﾳǿߣڣҲǱɡ
ЩȥˣڼԺ֪˾Եݣ㶼ʱͣšЩˣûԱˣֻ˵⣬һɱ˶̵ĽڣǵĴ
ǸԣسϿԣ۾˵
سҲ˵˾Ե֣֪̾ǱоԵݻ١̫ںһﾳߣ˵в󡣺οڡ
Ǿԣ˭ȿ˿ԬƣȷԬû˺󣬲ſسϣĮʵ
ţسϢһ
оԵĻ˶治ʶҽأװʶسϣеɱ⽥ǿңþǹġ⼸ƬУ˭ʶسϣ


3259 ƮƮ
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绳öҩˡȡһöɵݸ绳
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ҩڣΪһůȫ绳۾ɴöҩ֮ԼƣԿֲٶ޸֮С޸ٶȣԼȥƣյʱҲָܻˡ


3260 
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ŵ绳ϸĸӦƵĻָٶȣȷ˾Դ͸ĵҩЧ
Դˣ⡭ѵɵ𣿡绳𾪵ѯʾԡ
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3261 к
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һƹڵıһʬ塣


3262 İ
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ǿߣڤվһˡ
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ءʵȷʵǿҵһЩڵԱǿ֪ڵǱһлɱġڤվߡһнɱ˵ԣǽӽ𾳽硣һϿ˵
ţҪעһ¡ʵǣ̫ûˡ罫ǹţΪΣ۾΢΢һ£


3263 
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ڹŵӰΧڣǳһߡҪļԼšϸĲ֤ȻûвԵľҲΪԶԹŲûرĿġ
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ǣһڣ㲻ʲô峤ҡҡͷ


3264 ʵԵ
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ѵǸǾģ۾


3265 һ
峤ǣڳ֮ڡ
һΣ峤ǰǸоԵߣôԵɶġ
һɣǷǳش顣ںƽ½ĸ߲㣬䡣һ˵ֻڴ½½սʱ򣬲Ż߲ɡ´½кܳһʱ䣬ûз½֮ˡ
ţҲˡ٣ģڿ֮С
峤ϵضǸйˡ
ˡѵ𣿡
峤ϵľ磬Ѿӽɱ峤ϣȷʵܾ𡣻ߣбİ֡
Եʲôˣ
֮УŵȺ߲㣬峤еŭųűضҪ𣬿ԣ̫أ˶һͷˮ
һô죿һϽĿ⿴ŵ
ȥΧǣĴ㣬Ҫ⡣
Ǿʵһ㣬ȻҪô鷳ǰǽɱǡǣԿһ𡣾ߣǼǹҪԸҲ׵顣ŵĳϣҲڤվεߡ
άһʱҲ¾
λǱԵĵϸҪȷûдﵽΣûǿİ֡ά˵
ţ˼顣һӦ˵
ʱȥ
ڲĸ߲ԱĽˡ
ǻڲ֤Եĵϸ峤Ϣȴں´½ϴˡ磬з̸峤Ϣ
һ̸ҲˣſѡӡǣһЩ½ҲʼϢˡһЩ½Ѷţѯ峤Ǳʲôɱġ
峤ǹŷǳҪĳԱ½Ȼ᲻֪峤ϡ
ʱ䣬άɫûÿЩ½Ѷѯʣ޷ܣһֳ裬Թŵĳ裬άĳ衣
űЦǱ½Ц
ܵˣôȥžҪΪЦˡ
Σþ鷳νȻǽǸоԵɱ
һգάֽŸ߲Աټһ
λ׼ΧǡǹţٵȥˡȻûţѾļЦҹŵļЦά˵
˵ǣ
ţȷʵٵˡ
ɱԣǣЩ˶죡
Щ쵰ֱ죬Ȼ˵ǹѾûˣһɢ޶Ըˡǿɺޣ
ҾûҪһЩΧǣǸôΧˣɶȥЩȥ
֮У׷ȫ֧ΧǵģҲбȽ侲Ϊ⼬ֵġ
ǣҶϣŪǸоԵߡǣνŪ
ţһҲѡǰǣ𣬾ֻڤվǰεߣڤվȥվ̫ˣŪûȫû
ǶȺúһ룬ûʲôð취άɨһۡ
ά˻һڶʱ
ð취ʲôð취
˺һᣬһϿ˵ҪȴѶǾԣ̬ȡ
һ˵ڳˣĿⶼ
Ӥϣ˵άҲžӤϡ
Ҳ벻ʲôð취Ҿ˵˵λ϶һ¡Ӥϵ
ǻȸǾԴѶѯǷɱǹŵ峤ϣΪҪɱ峤ϡȻϣŽ͡Ӥ˵
ӤϣǾҪǲɵôţ̾гЦһ˵
ѶǾԣǷɱ峤ǿԡҪǾţ¾һԸ뷨ˡҲûеġ˵
û취Ҳûʧô˵ҲһֱǿɣӤҲЦ˵
Ӥ˵еһԣǸԵ̬ȡҲûʧʱΧһ£Ҳԡά˵ͷͬ˾Ӥϵİ취
Լûкð취ȻҲֻɸ˸ǾԴѶһΣͲҪɳϼǰˣɸǻǸĵȥԾͿԡҲûϵֻҪܽϢǾԵĶҲһ
գһŵĵӽӵָ󣬵ǳ֮ǰ


3266 ɵ
ŵʵҲԡ
Ҳ
峤ϣǸԸɱˡôɱͨӣǸûһ˿һѹɣֻŵòӲͷƤԡ
ԭΪݣǼԵģȻ벻ģԻ
ǹŵˣԼŵӣֱʵ
ǵģԴˡӵͷ̬ȹ
û취
Ҫң£ƽ峤ʱûʲô
ҲǣھУǰǸѾɱ峤ϣȷʵûʲôֱ
ǵģСĵ˵ǹŵ֪峤Ƿɱġ
ţǰɱһˣ˵ǹŵĳϡԵͷûκԥĳˡ
һɶڡ
Դˣ֪ΪҪɱ峤ϡڶ˶ֿʵ
ɱԵ
Ӻһͣ۾Щɱɱˣôǿɰ˲֪ô
𣿡ʵ
Դˣǡϣǰţ˵¡亹ͷ֪᲻Ϊ仰ŭŪС
Ŷü
аɣȥһҲã˵鷳ͻ١Զһµ
۾ԲĿǲš
ʲô
λԴˣӦҪȥţ
ѵҳֻˣ
һȥż㻹£ԵٶȴӶС
ûûˣС˸ˡæ˹Сת뿪
һߣһߵľԻ᲻ͻȻ֡ãֱ뿪ǳܰȫ
˳һƫƧط̾ʹѶŵһϡ
ϴˣ
ţȥǸˣ
ǵģϴˣ˵ǰǹš
ʲô
ŵλϣҲЩ¡ʵǣ벻

һλоԵǿߣʵֲɱ˹ŵ峤ϡ
ɱ峤ϣôǿԣ𣿹ţǿǴ½
ɱˣ峤ϵǣҲûú󣬾ʹ峤Ϣ
ԭҪļԣ峤ǰ֪˫ô̸ģ峤ϱɱǣ峤ϼŭ˾԰ɣ
ſ϶Ҫİɣһ顣
Ϣˡ
ʲôϢĪǹжˣ
ţȷʵµĶǵĶǣһͨȥˡҪѯʾԣǷɱ峤ϣԵͳˡ
⡭
ҪǾԣǰܲ͡
ôģɱųϣҪǰȥ͡óǾԣôȥŵܲ
ŵĸ߲㣬ǽԵɵ𣿡
ɵӣôɱ峤ϣ
´½̸£˵Ҫǰܲ͵ʱ򣬴˺ܶЦǶô˼顣
ԴˣӦˡõϢˣ׳һը
ԣӦ˹ţҪǰܲ
Ҫȥܲô£
˭֪ء
ţǴ½֮У˵λϵܲأƥȥ˹ܲҲɣǣŲɱ
ǺǣɵˣͶ
Ǵ½Ѱ̸ۣ½ԴҲò˼顣ίʵǣ޷⡣ǸоԵߣʲô뷨
ҿǾԾǿͷӦһ£Ϸˣšˣǲȥŵġ
ԣҲôΪ
ֱϷŪˡ
ŲΪԻȥܲɣ
´½ϣߣþϷˣšԸɱŵĳϣϷˣţȻҲǸҵġ
֮ڣάְ಻סˡ
λ˵ǷĻάʵ
ǾԲġһ˵Ѿȷ峤ǱɱġϢҲѾˡǹţΧˡ
ţҪܲһԸԶܵȵġΪάϣǱ뽫ɱϧۣ
ΪԷһһſҪ֡
ǣ½ڡ
ȻǾ˵ҪǹܲǺβ͵ȵȿأӤϣ˲ͬ
εߣǵǹţҲò˶ʱ䡣Ӥϼ˵һ׼һߵ


3267 ǰ
λӤϣڹŵλ֮УǱȽϿģȨԽϵ͡
ǾϣӤϵķԣȴǵõ˽άӡ
Ӥ˵ȵȵȿάúе˵άҲͷۡҲɱǾԣɱԲ顣Ǿԣεߣɱԣ͵óεߣɹУֻεߡ
ţӤԣеȻǾ˵ˣҪǹǵһҲ޷άͷ˵
ǵǾţˣ»з飬˵ǹһ˵
ΪӦά˵ϡ
ΪǹӦնɱԡصͷ
ãǾǰһˣǾɱάһá
άĻڳڹųϣתĿϡȴɫһЦһ
ҡδţʵȵȵȿҲСϻһת˵
άһۣҲûٶ˵
ʱ䣬׼ǾԵάһֵ

ǣ
Դˣ㡭ҪǰţԬھǰ
ţ׼ھͶȥǹſԵͷ˵
ԴˣǴ½ڲϵ𡣡ԬƵ
ûϵЦЦ
գԴǳǰš
ʱ´½ѾڶĿǡΪǵľԣŻ˵Ҫǰšɱ˹ŵһϣҪǰܲôĵӡˣþ˵Ҫǰһ˵˲ȥܶˣ½Ŀ⿴ǣǾԽô
ǸԳˡ
Ҫȥ
ƺŵķУٶȲǺܿ죬û
ѵҪǰܲ
ӣ
½̽ڶǶžԣԳǣϢ̱Щ̽ӣǵܲ
Źŵλýӽ
δıз򣬰ڵٶȣǾԽ֮󣬵ִܲ
ŷ棬ûʲôƺڵžԵš
ԣεߡˣȥ˹ܲҲԶˡ
һʷƾõǿڲܶѹѰ𣡡
·´½ΪԵľٶ
ǸԣǹԽԽˡӤάǰ˵
šάĿоһϸһĨЦʡǺܶ顣
ķ·жϣֱǹŶʱķзûг˿仯Ӥһ˵
ãðҹ֮գ֮աάǳ˵
Գǣŷеĵ죬˾ŷǡŷǣǹΧڣΪǿʢĳ֮һйģڹŵΧУҲǰ
ڷи·ľԣͣΪǰһӰˣס
ԶԶģžԹ˹ִк
ʲôˣΪȥ·ԳʵĿŶԷ
ǽSϡSϱԼݡ
ڴ˵أ˾ˣڼ˾㡣SЦЦ˵
ţ£Ե˵ͷʵ
ڴ˵Ⱥ뾰֪͡ŵĹڣֻҪԵ˽ǾͲٵĹŵıS֮Уš
ҲǺ´½һ½ңȹŻҪǿʢ
Sϵ˼ҲȽˣ˵뾰ԵͣʵҲԡֻҪԳΪĳԱԸΪԿ¹ŵķŭ
ھչֳߵʵ֮󣬺ܶ½ԾԲ˼ԸΪ˾ԣסԹŵѹ
Ե
ģһͬǰΣSЦ
ǾͲˣҪȥšƺ˳·ɡҡҡͷ
SϺ΢΢һ͡
ǹڴ½֮кһ㣬̣ҲΪġֻţ»ΣաԣαȥðأSüû뵽ԶԽôɴľܾ


3268 Ͷ
Sʵ벻һܲʲô취ų
Σ𣿡ȻSϣѯʶԷ
ҡͷܲȥ
ǾԱܾϢ󴫿
Sϳ棬뾰Դǰܾ
Դ˿ûԥ;ܾ˽롣
Լš
ǾԣƺžԵš
뾰ԣùźŭŷųϢýS뿪ſƵ
ԾܾϢٶ´½һƬȻڵõϢҲǷ߿úܣҲֻǴһﲻû취ȹŻҪǿһߡ
½ΪܾҲֻʱԡ
ھ뿪ǵĵ죬Ѿܽӽܲˡ
ʱĹţ׼ȫֻžͶ
һգŵĽάԳ棬ӭԶĹ͡
ĵλ٣ҹ԰άЦݣ˹֡
ºͳģֱǺ´½½ˡ
άˡ
ϣǵĵûдŵά͹š
ҲЦŹֻ
ûûУλ룡ά˹ŵĻ
֪λԶʲô𣿡άʵ
Ҳû飬˵½ϳһоԵߣҴһЩͻЩǾʲôˡڰֵ
ǰ˵ŸִܲҲƣΪôĵǡĵҲЦ˵
ԭά˵ͷ
ʵ֪ŵʱ򣬽άͲµǰԭ
ԣʵȷʵǿӦεߡά΢Ц˵
ܲҲɣ
ûԹŵĵƬ½ϣҲû˸ҽܲ󡣡
ͳĵֱ˵
˵ԣѾҹźܽˡգִܵû㹻İգӦǲҽġάǫ˵
϶Աɣϻǫһ¡
ǺǣҶ˶Դ˺Ǻ棬Թ˾ʲôֶΡ۾΢Ц˵
ԾԺģȻֻкͳĵŵģֻˡǵܲԲǺԶŹϵǢǽ˵άǾûĺɫˡ
գ
Եִ֮ܲ⡣
ʱΧǾۼ˴ߡиĳԱҲдɢޡ
ˣ
ǾԴˡ
Ǿˣˣ
᲻ţѾǹܲΧߣɾͽ󷨿ˡ

Ŀ⣬ھԵϡ
ԷеͣĿ⿴ǰ
ǰ棬ǹ˰ɣԳ΢Щͳ
Դˣǰǹܲǰǹ󷨸ǷΧˡ˻شԵ⡣
ԴˣҪȥ𣿡˵ڣǲžԸҽС
ǲȻҪȥţҪѻ˵ġƽı˵
ԴŽΪɱǳϵ𣿡ʵ
԰Եͷ
Ƕ㶯ô죿ʡ
ŶҲְתĿˡ
仰ڶ߶΢΢һ㶡
˵仰󣬾ԼǰСƬ̺˹ŵĴ󸲸ǷΧ֮ڡ
Ǿˡ
ǾѾǹ֮ڡ
ѾԶ乥ȫ׼ϡ
άڶŵǿߣվ
ͳĵˣҲһԿš
Խ󷨷Χ󣬿ǰվ
Ǿԣάɫʣɱڡ
ǾԣǺˣԵ
άάȵԣôĵӣɱҹųϣҹš
άǹţġҡͷҪ˵£ҲǹţҪɧң
ά΢΢һ㶣Ц
ӣȻҹţͱ뿪ˡˣȻɧ㡣һϳžȻ
𣿡Կǳһۡ
ԣΪ˵Ȼüߵĳĵ
ĵҡͷҵĸоͺǸûſвƵģ


3269 ĺ
ֻŸأԹµǿߣڹŴĴΧ֮ڣȴֳһ̩Ȼֻ̬֮
⣬úͳĵùŹ֡λǴ½ǿˣнǿ
ĵԵϣδоǿҵأüĵʵ
ףϻûʲôôĵüͷҲ壬¶ɻı顣
ţһҪΪ𣿡ԿŶĽά
Ϊ㣿άһ˵ԣҹųǰǣš㲻ܾɱҹųϡڣȴ˵ǹΪ㣿
ɱųϣҹҪһ˵Ժں´½㣿
ԣȻ̤˹ţųȥˡά˵
Ȼˣҡֻ˹šһ˵仰ʱ򣬺⣬ͺ˵һ޹ؽҪ飬һСĲһֻϡ
仰ڹŶУڶΧڹ֮߶Уȴǲ
άҲ޷ܡ
һŭӿдͷ߶򣬿ƹŵĲ
֮䣬嫵Ĺγ֣ͷųǿ⣬ǹϼӹ̴ܡ
ɱŵڶԱҲ߽ά׼չ
ŵĵ̣ȷʵǺġ½СĵǰһĻ¶һЩ̾ɫ
ǰǿҲܵס˳̶ȵɣ˿˵
ΧĴߣǿǿֲܲ˶սˣˣ±ǹɺ嫵
ţǿ󣡡
һ˿ԶԿġ
Ի˹ŵĸأܣεֵ
ֻһ棬ᱻɱɣ
˵ҪţҾͿôţ
˵Żеڶλεߣʱδ¶档

ȺŵĹΣľ̸š
УȴǰĿܵı仯
䣡Ŵܣžڵλãϯȥ
̺ſֲܵĹâȫǡ
ת˲֮䣬ЩΣͽӽ˾Ե
ô£
ַ𣿡
ѵǷֿˣȲεԤϣü֣Ҳֵܵסֱӷ𣿡
ĵͺˣһֱžԡǣڽάٿشѾٵʱ򣬾Իûвȡκֶηӡ
˾ãǷֿˡ
飡
һĻھԵϡ飬ܵĶû
ˣ
ԣѾˣ
ܻûˣڲз£Ĺ
֮⣬һƬ
ǺǣһΪжǿأҲˣԼŴͷ˾֮󣬽άҲǳ׵
֪ɢ֮ԣʬ嶼ܴԵʬ壬ữΪ촷ۡ
£ҲЦնɱԣȻ֮ڣҲܸţһЩ
ЩʧΪһ춯صĴսء
˵Ժǿô군ˣ
Ҹ·ŵͽˣ
ˣԾԵıָеʧȷʵһЩߣԾԱ൱ڴҪһ㣬ǾԴŽһɸʧ뵽ֵĻᶼûУͱŵĴֱĨɱˡ
ʱ򣬽άٿشͷŵĹܣɢ
ŹʧһӰȻվǸط
֮˶ǾԣƺˡĿ⣬ȻŶĽάˡ
ͺǰĴûгһ㡣
ôܣά۾ɴ󣬲ŵĿһĻ
ȷٿص󷨹˾ԡǾԣûܹȥǣΪʲôûҺƶûУ
⾿ʲô
ŵߣҲɫĿɿڴžԡ
ĵ⡭ʲôΪʲôǸǵȹ֮»ţѯߵĳĵ
ҡҲ֪ȷʵ죡ĵҲ¡
֮ȺֱӾͰˡ߾ۼȴûκеһ̾ʧеĿ⣬ھԵϡ
ĺԿУ


3270 
Եڹļž֮УĴÿһ˵ĶС
ά΢΢һУп־
εߣҲηٿŴĹ˲ԣôʲô취ɱԣ
ŵĴ󹥻ھ˵ȷʵ̫ˣǵҲû𡣾Եɵۡ΢磬δȫָҲˡͲܶԾɷֺв˵˵ˡ
ֱһһ֡
ӶŽάնȥ
һֶʵ޻⣬άλϮ˹ȥ
ȥٶȲ졣άӦæֵֵȻֶΣס⡣ţ󳷡Ϊ⿴ȥ죬Լܹܹȥ
ŵǣǽĪ⣬ȻŽάĶƹ֮ȥ
ۣɵľά塣
άնɱһεߣɱˡ
ڶŵԱĿţкӿ
ԲδֹͣٶȻӶгһΣһƬ
ת˲֮󣬹ŵĸ߲㣬
ԵĿ⣬΢Զһĳĵͺ
ԴˣǲǹŵˡĵתĿԼͺһæ
ԴˣֻţǲǹŵԱŵǶ޹ذҲĽ͡
˲ҪԵֶΣǶ˳֣˿϶ͬס
ԵĿ⣬ջأȻ˲ǹŵԱȻҲûҪɱĿ⣬ĳط
һˣεˣ֪Ѿˣǹŵĵڶֽв
û¶棬һֱעŽά;ԡάʱ¶˼̼ʧӰ١ףԼ¶棬Ҳɡԣž뿪š
ֻǡ
ԶŲصλãԶԶĴһĿע֮£һ⴩ռ䡣Щˣ֪ʲô⣬Ȼ֪Ǹطǲ֮ء
𱻽УһҽС
ݡ
ӽտʼţͲҪ˰ɣţɣ˵ķ˵֮󣬹ųΪʷ
Ȼ󣬾ת뿪
ߺȺڣ
Żˣ
ԴˣֻŸأԴ½ŵǿߣŸ߲㼸ȫɱ⡣
Ųˡ
˭ܸңԴ˾жǿ
Ⱥ׷ˣ
ͳĵˣһۣ˶ӶԷУһ˿¡ǣǵڼһǼʱĳԼǹŵˣǿ¾ҪھԵĽˡ
̫ˣλԴˣǿֲ촽
һ½ǿôˡĵ
ĵǸλãһǸطƺвҽ˵
Ҳˣĵͷ
ǹȥžԴ̳ڣɳ۹ȥ
ǵִֻ֮˲ʬ塣
˿Ųģԣ
ͨȷһ¡ǾǣԵʵǾԲǵĴڡ´½ǿߡ
űϢ´½
Ǵ½Сɢޣȫڴ⾰Եʵ
գ´½ϣϵʥͻȻһϢ½ԣǰʥ¡
ʥǺ´½ϴԶĴ½ҲǿĴ½˵ʥǺ´½󲻾ãͱûκκܹŪʥʵжǿ
ʥ´½϶һĴڣ
ʥϢڶ½õϢЩ½ԣǰʥ׼ǰʥȻϢ֮Уû˵Ҫʲô飬ҶܲµʥҪ飬ضǹǸͻȻͻȻǾԡ
պ󣬾Իصǡ
ǵԬƣѾ֪űݻ١
ѵѵԴǰ˵ģģԬ𾪵š
˵ˣֻǵʱԬƵ˸Ͳšڣ½Դ˵̶ֳָܹ֮ȵģҲֻ˰ɣ
Դˣ㡭Ǵ˵е𣿡Ԭǰ


3271 ½
Ԭʳ仰ʱԺȻֵԼԬǰǱѣ·;˵ľʱ龰
ʱľԴˣķǳأһͷͼҰޣвԴˡԬ룬ҪȾԴˡȴǲ룬һٶԼô˾޴ı仯
ԬС㣬ˣʲôӵأЦʵ
Ԭҡͷ
ԴˣҴδˣֻһЩϵĴ˵Ҳ֪˾ʲôӵġһֱã磬û˵ġȻԳߣǳɲˡ֮Ҿҿܴˡϣ˰ɡԬƻ˵
Ե˼ԬƵⷬ˻Ԫռ䡣
Ҫȥ
ľԻԪҪı
ԬС㣬˵һЩ㲻֪顣ԿԬơ
Ϊں´½֮⣬ʲôӵģʵ
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Դˣô֪ôࣿ㡭㲻ǴǺ´½İɣԬʶֿԡ
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ǰһˡԬƣ֪´½Ϊʲô𣿡Ե
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´ۣǺˡҵˣ´۽ӽˡ˵Ŀ䣬뵽R۳ʱ龰

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û˺ճʯͷĳġ˵
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ţһָ𡣾˵ֻŵĸأŵĹٿ󷨣ȴ˲˷ֺ
׹㽫ټ׼ҪԸԵ𣿡
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ӽ˵ʵ
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λǲֶΣҪǾ˽öһЩôҪиĽӴǽΪ½һԼӿ˽İ취׹ɫ΢΢һ


3272 ɵĹؼ
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3273 ֮ⲻھ
Ԭû뵽ԼǣҲܽΪ½
ʹ˵öռ䱦ǹʥǵСС⣬öռ䱦ڵԴȴ൱󡣹ʥ֣
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ˣǡǴ½ˣŻԶӳһ㵵ı鿴ԬƳ
ʥӦúܿͻṫϢ˰ɡԬƵͷ˵
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ԴˣʥǱɣԬǼˡ
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3274 ǰ
Щ´½ϵƾͷһǰŵλ
ʥһλϣԺԬƴҲ׹ڵĵá
ԬƳ׹Ŀ⿴Զˣ¶Цݡ
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λ˾ͺáЩϼһǵ˶λܳʱˡһЦһ˵
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ΪĴҲнģǰոԺԬƵλǿ
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ӽסǰͻ᳹ʧȥƣ۾Ҳ޷ٿӵ׹ԽӽǳϤǰ·Խʡ˵ʱ䡣


3275 ȷĴ򿪷ʽ
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λ԰꣡ѹһתͳ˵ڽȥˣչġңԿ׻ڰ֮С
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3276 ´۵İ
ԬƳ˵ԲԸԼһ㣬ѹ˴롣
ԬƳѹԬƣơ
Ѿ˺ǺڣҵȳɵĻԵĿǰ֮УֻоԽԣǿҪԬƳİѹġ
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Ⱦǻ뾰ǺڵĶȫռݡ
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𣿡ѹںʱ䣿ʲôֵһǿ߳ڶңô顣
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ˣôڵԪ򣬾Եġ
´ۣϣܹЩԪɣžԪ
ԵĲ²⣬ʵһµġ
꣬»Ԫ˹ƣ´ˡ֪»ԪѾܲסʵ̫ǿˡԣһЩš
ÿۣź̨뿪˺»ԪѰҴߡȻ´½ں˾ԪһĻԪۣ˵ģ´۷ͬһ㣬ϵͨԪԶ󼰵ġ
Լ֮Ԫ򣬲ҽֲܹڵĴڡ벻Ǹƣ´۽ԼԪ룬ԼʧȥЩԪ
Щ֮󣬺´ڵ뿪´֪ۡԼȥǵ˾ԲġԵ˵ֻҪһֱѰңҵ´½ĴڡʱȻһ´Ҳᱻȫݻ١ԣջǳ˺´½˽һս
˵´½ϣڵľԪȷʵǺ´ߵģҲڵľԡ
Ըп֮󣬱ߵһԪ֮ǰ
ôھͿʼЩԪɣһ̽ӴԪ
ھԿԪ򱻷ֲΪԴ֮ǰļܹڣ׵öࡣԼýٵʱ䣬µԪ
ԵӴһԪ֮Ԫ֮ϣͻȻһ˸


3277 Ԫ
ԵԪӴԪϣһ˸
΢΢һűоӴ͵֮ӿ
ǡԵԪ̼͸֪˴Ϣ
ӿԿֲٶȣϤֲԪ
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ʱ䣬һֲԪһ˿Ҳա
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ʱ䣬һԪȷʵš
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3278 ȫɱ
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3281 صԪ
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3284 ܾ
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3285 Ҫɱ
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ΪRǹһһΡ
Rۣǹ
顣
RʮԪռУǿĻԪ֮һԴܶʱҪR۵ƢڣԻԪ˾ԴۣRǹǾԻԪ̬ûдﵽԪȣԻԪһ»ԪԪռУֻоһԪ
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3286 ǿɱ
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3287 ѹסŭ
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˵ĵˣΪǿײУΪħ񡣡Դ䡣


3290 ɲ
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Դۣ»Ԫǻħġ´ۣҲڻħ֮֡ԴžԼ˵
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3291 ۵Ȱ˵
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ǻԪ֮ҲġֻҪóԷǳҪĶöԷԼ˵ͻüࡣ
Դۿڣʱ洫ʦ


3292 RŲ
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ʦԼǡԶԴ˵Ȼᷴԡ
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֪֮ʲôۡóģRʹõ֮
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R۵Ŀռ䱦ڲռǳӴ󣬼ֱһ缶Ŀռ䡣Դضѻ


3293 ̻
RӵеĲƸԶԶ˾Ե
һֱãԼѾǷǳеɵˣRһԱȣС׼ס
ʵҲǺ飬ԱϾʱж̡˵RȣǶԱȾԻԪЩɵۣҲֻеˡ
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ЩԴкܶҲǾҪġҪɾԻԪеȴҪǣһЩھԻԪзǳϡеԴⲿԴԲ㴦õԼĻԪµɵʹʵ
һк󣬾ԳԼʱסĶ
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3294 Ҳ
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3295 ϳ
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3296 ̧ͷ
Ԫʹõһ㶼Խ˵۱Ρ
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3297 
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ʱһж˳һޱȵĲϱ뵤¯ھԵĲٿ֮£ɵĽšƣ̷ǳӷߣҪĽ뵽һֵĲ֮С


3298 ɹ
ĽУ˴˵ƺڣҲʼе
ԵǳǿܹʹõѰԪۺܶࡣҪĵ˾Ե󡣲ڶԴ˵УûлͨһЩ취ָĵ
ھԵȷʵΪǿټԴӾԴ󣬶Ŀ¯࣬þܹڶҪĵΪ׼İѿأҪĽͳ̶ȡˣԵҲܹܡ
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Ϊǰ鲼ɫ·Ļɫҩ
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ֵҩͽСɣʣµŵҩ
СԻԪô󣬿ֻҪǴﵽԪ۵ĲΣǴ˵˵ϵĵҩֵԹֵҩԾͿþԻԪٵԪۣĻԪۡԪȻҲͬĵ
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ҪСҪʦӵޱǿ壬ҪʦվԪ


3299 ҵθڲ
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3300 Ʋ
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Ҳ˭õôءԵ
ҪȷܹõRԪҪõƱԼ
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СʲôЧʵ
˵ɵ۲εߣٸɲԴ򡣼˵ǿ԰ѰɵۣԪ۵ĲΡԼ򵥵Ľһ¡
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3301 Դ
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ӻ۵ĻУˣ֪ǰѰɵ۴ﵽԪ۲εɵЧȻǾԴǸ֪
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ÿһԪռУдɵۡԪ֮ȻҪԼĻԪռ䣬ĻԪۡСܹԪ֮ǣĿġ
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3302 ̫뵱Ȼ
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3304 Ҫ˵
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ŶĻһת˵ΪʲôղеƱأ
Ļ֣еƱࡣ
ĻֲҪżҿԱ֤һƿRԪRԪһ룬ġRԪϵĻԪ֮֮⣬RԪһУһǲĻֵġղڴĿž˵
Ļ۳Ĭڿǡ
Ŀǰղڴ۲֣RԪϾҪ뾰֮ˡղڴ֣ûƿRԪʵʵڵĺôеġ
ղ֣˵һ˵ϸڰɣ仰һ˵ԤʾţĻѾղڴ¡

Եʱ
ٿһµʱ䡣
ʱ䣬Ҳûţʼоĵ
ģƳɵӦǴҲڣֻƳСϸһݣóһۣ֮УȱʧһֵֹؼĲϡ
ܹ֪ȱٵĲʲôôϸоͨԣδزƳ
СԱȣǼֵǷǳ޴һһ¡
ڣҪҳȱٵĲʲôԵ˵
ȷϵȱٵĲϣѶȻǳдʵǻһЩڣֻԼĵеĲȱһķݡ
ѣԡһɹǡԲûΪѾʹ
ļֵ̫ˣ
Լ˵ҪġܽƳܸٵոԪ
ʱһȥ
һգʦĵԡ
ʦ
Դۡ
˼棬к
ʦRԪҼҪһȫRԪʦ˵ֽ֧ԴֱӾ˵ⷬ
ʦȻǺܸмģһһ롣
ι㣬ΪˣѾֱӿRԪˡʦҡҡͷ
ŶǾʦǣЩĿʦ
ԴۣӦû֪ղڴۺͲĻˣˡʦž˵
ʲôԴһ
ղڴۺͲĻۣRԪĿȨԴ˾֪ԣȷʵû뵽λԪ֮֡
Դۣλ˺ܴѹʦ˵ҲǣոյõϢĻۺղڴRԪǽϢصúܺáҾãԴܻ֪£֪ͨ㡣
ţȷʵ֪ۣӦҲ֪¡ʦлѡʦл
ԴۣղڴۺͲĻ֣еƱӦó˰ԣõRԪѾǲܵ飬Ҫ׼ʦ˵
סԵͷ
ʦ뿪󣬾ԵɫУһŭ⣡
ղڴۺͲĻۣΪλѡRԪĿȨ
˼ֻһֿܣǾԼ£蹤۵λԪ֮£֪ˡң˿Ҳ֪ԼΪˣ˲ŻRԪ
ʶԼ£ĸԪ֮У˱
ղڴۺͲĻºأʦǰ棬Ǿڻ֪¡
һ󣬾Ա뿪ȥһˡ
죬Ҫٿˡʱ䣬ԱҪƱ
˵ղڴۺͲĻ֣Ҳǳ𾪡
ôᣬλôأ۾÷˼


3307 ô
мλߵĻԪ֮֮ĹϵҲǱˡ
Ļۺղڴ۶RԪĿȨΪͻȻ֮ѡ
£˲֡ǼȻѡֻ֣һԭ򣬾֪ƱҲ֪СĴڡ˵
ûȷʵˡʶ֣Ϳ϶޷RԪһѡ֣Ҳͺˡ۵ͷ
֮⣬ʵҲɡ
λԪ֮УΥҴɵЭ顣˵
һۣ
ԴۣΥԼĿղڴ۵ĹϵȽ⡣ղڴʩѹۿܻܲסѹȻ϶Ҳõղڴŭ۱ֻһѡ񡣡뵽ۡ
ʱ䳤ЩԪ֮֮ĹϵҲΪˣԺܶ鲢Ǻ
Ҵˣ뵽ģӦö۷һЩġ˵
±ͲȫžûۣҲѱ˲ᱻȻ󣬵ղڴۺͲĻ۶ѰĻԪ֮Ի۲Ρ԰ڰ˵
ô죿
ղڴĻ֣еƱ³ˡۿžԡ
˼һᡣ
ۣ֮УûлԪ֮ӽԪСԲ̧Ŀʵ
ԪСԲ˾ԪĻԪۡ
һԪۣԪϣﵽСԲĳ̶ȣʵͲСˡ
˵˾ԪĻԪۣСԲεĴۡÿһֱ࣬һԪ򡣵ȻֿԽϵ͡
ȻʮԪ򣬵ҲûﵽСԲΡʮԪֻࡣ˵Ԫǻδյġ
ӽԪСԲ
еģдۺʹλʵǿ֪Ƕ˰Ԫ򡣡
Դۣʲô۲Ŀԡ
ӽСԲĻԪۣ޷ܴջ󡣡ЦЦ˵

ԴۣôƱǣ㲻ֻƳС𣿡ĿԲ
ʱֻƳСԺ󣬻ƳҪóòʵҲһ¡Ц
һԺҲƲô죿۵
ŶԺ˵ɣڣҲֻȾRԪˡ˵
ţҲԣ۵ͷ˾ԴۣǱдۣһֱڤ۽ãڤ۶㡭ԣдǱߣû취ġ
һԣоˡ˵һᣬȥʹۺͱдۡ
ʲôæ
ۣŽԴٿˡԶԻЦЦ˵
֮󣬾ʹ۵ʱ
Ŷʲôʹ´˵Դ۵еЩ⡣
ʹԸ´ۡ
ܱŲԴۣɱR۵Ĵڡ
ʹۣ
Դۣ
֮󣬺ȻĴкʹ뾰
֪Դʲô£ʹۿʵ
ʹۣϣ֧ƿRԪڲúĻϣеƱͶҡԺֱӣһھ˵ԼĿġ
ʹ΢΢һ㶣Ҳû뵽Ի˵ֱӡ
ʹ۾Цһ
ʹҡҡͷ˵ԴۣҲ֧㡣ϧЩˣѾӦ˲Ļۡ
ԣʵڱǸˡҰĪʹ۱ǸıԾԵ
ʹۣȼžܾЦʹۣӦѾ˰Ԫֻһܹ࣬ﵽСԲΰɣ
ûȷʵˡԴʲô˼ʹ۵ͷԴҲûڵıҪ
УҲʲôܣԪ֮Ա˴˵ʵҲһ˽⡣
ʹһҲմﵽСԲΰɣ΢Ц
Ȼ˭ﵽСԲأֻ̫ѣֻѭ򽥽ˡԴۣһԪѾ˺ܳܳʱ䡣ʹ۵ͷ˵
˵а취ʹ㣬ܹĴﵽСԲأôǷ֧ƿRԪƽ˵
ԵȻƽʹ۶Уȴ
ʹͫȻһ𾪵ı֮Уǲţ


3308 ǽ
ԪﵽСԲΣ
ʹζģ
ʹ˼תúܿ죬ǵúڵһμԴ۵ʱ򣬾ԴֻԪѡȻ󣬾Դʧǧʱ䣬ǧٴRɱʱʮһԪ
ǰĲ࣬ίʵЩˡ
ھԴɱR֮ЩԪ֮ҲֿԣҲȷԭ
Դʲô취ʹĿԡ
һֵҩֵҩܰԪۣԪɵ˵
ʹ̲סЦ
ԴۣͲҪЦˡͣȻʲô̫˲ôҲǻԪ֮ʹ۰˰֡
ãϷˣ̣
¼䣬ͲܹûԪۿԪɵɵڡ
ʹΪ˵Цࡣ
ţ
ԴۣģʹЦݡ
ȻģʹĪǾר̹㣬ֻΪ㿪ЦĿ
Դ۲Ҫʵǡ治˵¼оԴ˵ɵ
Դۣɷ˵ɵóҳʶʹžԡ
Ȼʹۻǲ̫ž˵ɵۿ˵ɵ
һûܽɵƳҡͷ˵ܳɹƳɵĿԺֻܴҪʹ֧ҵõRԪƳɵԸ⽫ɵ͸ʹ㡣
˵仰ʹ۵ɫЩˡ
ãƭ
Ϊ˵õRԪƭʹۡ
ʹЩŭٿԣû˺ɫΪԵĸʵ̫ǿʹֻ̾Ҫˡ
ԴۣǾ͵жʹ˵
üʹۣң
ǺǣԴ⻰˵Щˡ뾰Դ֮䣬̫Ľ̸ԣŲŵ⣬ԶԶϡʹҡҡͷ˵
û飬Դ۾ԱɣʹþԹ˼ˡ
ȻˣҾ͸ˡ
뿪ʹ۵ʱ
ֻȥдˣֻЧҲ롣΢΢һ̾
ûдҪЩţȷʵѡصǣЩԪܸ֮Ͳֻ֪֪СѰɵ۸ԴС
űд۵ʱȥ
ܷ˵дۣûʲôġʹ۶ܾǱдڤ۹ϵã¸Խ˵ɣܲܳɹҪԡ
ھ뿪󲻾ãʹ۱뿪Լʱ
ʹۣ˲Ļ۵ʱĻۡ
Ļ֡
͵ѡ
˼棬໥򵥵Ĵ˸кĻʹ
Ļ֣žˡʹº󣬾˵˾ȥ¡
ŶĻ΢΢һЦ˵ȥ㣬֧RԪȨ
ǰʹ۵ͷ
͵ѲӦɣĻЦʵ
Ȼᣬԣûʲô飬ΪʲôҪ
˵ԻЩ档ȻڲƭңʹЦһ֮УЩ֮ɫ
Ŷڲƭ㣿Ļۺʵ
˵ҸԪ˵ʱһЩĻϾԪٶȣͷǳ졣ɺȻ˵ԼܹһɵɵԪϴﵽСԲΡ
ǺǣĻ˵ǾжʹЦһ
ĻҲЦʹۣǲĻۿܻе㵣ġھȴֻǻһŴ˾ȷʵԵÿЦ
ԣû£ʹۣ˵ԵϿûиˡ
Դ֪˼Ԫ֮󣬲Ļۺղڴۣһֱ룬Ǵʲôطõģõ˶ٿ
ĻΪС
ԣȷʵЩЦˡĻ۵ͷ˵
ǹǽˣĻ֣ҾѾ֪ղڴRԪˡҪȻӦòҡʹ̧üɫһ˵
ţ֪ϢҲ޷ڣûа취ղڴۺߵƱûа취õǣŽԴٿǡĻЦҵҪʲôֶΡ
ʹۺͲĻˣ泩Ц


3309 һЦ
д۵ʱ
Դۣѽ͵ʧԶӭǸǸдۼԺһϲ˵
λдۣԸȽԲ
дۿˣҲϣûŵд㡣˵
ô᣿Դۣд뾰
֪Դңʲô飿д΢Цѯʾԡ
дڤ۹ϵãһμԵʱûʲôɫھR۽ֵʱЦԲȡ衣ڵıдۣ뵱ʱıдۣ̬ˡ
ȻҲûȥƽϹЩ
ڱдѯ֮󣬾Ա㽫ʹ˵Щ϶˵һ顣
д꾰ᵽɵҲ¶һı顣
˫ĿžԣƺڻԼǷˡ
ع󣬱д˵Դۣ֪˵ĵҩʲô֣
ȻϴѯʣԱֱ˵ˡ
дüͷԴۣҶҲ˽һ㡣˵õһԪۣΪҴŵԳɹ̤۲Ρ
ȻƺǰѰ۲ԴġԴȴ˵ܹԪ򡣾ԴĪǿ󣿡дĿ
ķӦʹ۲ͬʹۣȫţһɵӵı顣
дۣ˵С˵ģȴǴ
ڣȷʵûдʵҪҴʱó鿴ġԽ˵
žԵĻд۵ȴһЩ
дһ£˫ĿƵĿžԵԴۣ˵ģƳ
ûаٷְٵİգҿԱ֤Ƴļʣһ롣ûаѻ˵̫Ϊܻܿʵ䷴
Դۣ֮ǰ۵˵СԼƳģдĿе̰Ѿ޷Ρ
֪ó£۵λԪ֮
ٺ١ûгϣҲûзϡ
дڿλϣֱֱ
̫ˣԴ۵ĳɾͣ˾̾д۸п˵
֧־ԴۣԴܸҶٴд۱
Ŷд˵ģ΢΢Щ⡣
д֮ǰԶԴܴﵽĿĵϣ
ţţд۵ͷԴۣʵҶϢ֪öһЩ
˵ЧϢ˵ܹԪۣԪ򡣶ҵõȴֻѰɵ۲ԴںܳһʱΪǴԴ۵˵ҲʶȻķ֡дۼԾ˵
ԭ˵ͷ
дۣȻ֪ûԪԪ
дܹڻ֧RԪĿȨԸһŴ㡣ɫ˵
һţдü
дۣƣȵļѡҪǳĴۡÿһ¯ֻܳɵһšԱд۵ӦҲֻҪһţܹԪϳɾСԲԵͳԱд˵
һžһţд۵ңҲϣ뾰Դ۳Ϊѣ
ãԵͷ
ԴۣƲĻд۳š
ʧܣԴøԴҲҪ̫࣬һǧʯɡдۼ˵
ھһǧʯ
д۵θڣʵҲС
ܹƳôдһŴɡƲô͵øдһǧʯҲһǧں׾ʯ
ֻ΢һ£ͬ˱д۵Ҫ
ˣǡ죿뾰Դ۳Ϊѣ˷ǳĵ鰡дЦ˵
ҲЦݣֻв⸹̡
ӱд۵ʱ뿪󣬾ٴȥ˻۵Ķ˵ص
֮󣬾ȥʦĶʦ̸˰ʱ뿪
صԼʱ󣬾Ա㽫˼˽档
ʱһΣһ¹ȥ
һգԵʮԪ֮ܵ˽Դ룬ǰڹ¡
ڹ´ڣʮԪ֮ʦۡһΣЩԪ֮µĻԪۣûгϯ顣´ڣֻʮĸˡ
Եִ󣬵һ£ǿۡ
뾰ԵĿӣܿתƿ۲Զղڴۣȴ۾Цһ


3310 ͶƱ
ղڴһ˫ۣھɨ˼Ρ
Դۣ
ۣ徰֡
蹤۵ȼˣҲ뾰Դк
ߵλ¡
ԴҲRԪȤĻ۵
̧ͷĻ۵ĿԼϡĻ΢Цһյ̬
ǰĻ֧ƿRԪ𣿡Ҳ¶ЦݣԲĻ˵
ǺǣԴӦҵġ˵ܸҰٰʮţ֧ƿRԪҲǲءⵤҩȻûʲôôҲĻԪеɵȴǺҪĶϧԴڲ˵˰ĻЦҡͷ
Ļ۵ĻڳԪ֮һȻЩԪֻ֪֣֮ҪӿѰɵۣǿ¾͸Ȳסˡ
Ļ˵ЦˣֲѪӵԴԼҲûɣղڴһЦ
Ѫӵһ˵ɵȽϳ
Դ۶RԪƺڱصˡղڴֿ˵
ղڴ۶ԾԣĻȥԶҾԣ뾰֧RԪܾöӡȻѹ˲̵ʱ䣬ԴȴڹڻֻΪʵ̫ǿЩɵ
ղڴ⻰͹ˣܲƹRԪҪҵ˼˵ƹRԪãܵĻҲǿ󡣡ԵĮ˵
ǡǺǡղڴЦ˵õɣóģںαװһΪӡ
ԵƤʱ˼¡
ղڴƺΪ󰡣˵ȴ㲻ʲô
𣿼ȻһᾰԴRԪʧܣɲҪղڴһ
Ļ֣RԪǰ϶顣ƾԸʵǿRԪĿȨҲضʧܡڵղڴۣȫġ
ЩڴһᾰRԪȨʧܺϵıˡ
˶ˣǾͿʼɣԴڵ߳Ŀ⻷һȦ˵
Դû̫ı飬ɫ̫ÿҲҲRԪȻûлᡣ
λǾһλԪ֮ӹRԪ
RɣRԪΪRԪջָķչҪһԴ˵
һλԪ֮ӧ𣿡ԴλԪ֮
ΪӹRԪȽϺʡ
ڽԴĻºղڴ̳ʾӹRԪ
ղڴ۵¸أղڻԪڻԪռ䣬ҲһĴڡղڴ۽ӹRԪȷʵȽϺʡԴͷ
Ԫ֮أԴֿˡ
ҲӹRԪһοڵģǾԡ
ԴĿ⿴ԣ۾һ¡
Դʵǿ󣬽ӹRԪԪռ䣬ӹRԪҲȽϺʡԴͷ˵
Ԫ֮أԴٴοˡ
֧־Դ۽ӹRԪ۳֧־ԡ
Դ̫ᣬԹͻԪռûо飬ΪþԴ۽ӹRԪסڤǿ˾һֶۣԽԴ˵Ϊղڴ۽ӹRԪΪʣ
֧־Դۣ蹤ۼ򵥸ɴı̬ȡ
RԪ˺ҪղڴƿRԪɸסһԪ֮
Ԫ֮ǣ½ı̬Щҡ
Ȱһ¡Դ̧ѹѹ
ӵɢ
ڿֻղڴۺ;ԴۣӧӹRԪ԰ɣԴ
˶Ĭ
ܺãǽӹRԪĴۣʹղڴۺ;Դλв
һ£ҵͳһôͶƱɣԴһ˵˭õƱ࣬˭ӹRԪλ飿
ղڴۣԴȿղڴۡ
ԡղڴ۵ͷ
ԴأԴֿԡ
ҲÿԣͶƱɡҲͷͬ⡣
ãڣλԪ֮ͿʼͶƱɣ
ղڴۣͶƱԴֶղڴ۵
ҵһƱͶԼղڴվ۾ƽ˵
ղڴۻһƱԴۣأԴֶԾʵ
еһƱͶԼվ
ãղڴһƱԴҲһƱ˫ƱͬԴ˵ͷ
ͶƱԴۡվͶһƱ


3311 ʤȯ
ԴԻ۵ͷ
ԴʱƱղڴʱһƱԴͳ˵
ҾͶƱղڴۡڤվͶԼеһƱ
˵仰ڤۻתĿ˾һۣ
ղڴƱԴҲƱԴʵʱĹԺղڴõƱ
ˣͶƱԴۡ蹤ͶƱ
ˣͶƱԴۡҴҲͬͶƱԡ
ˣҲͶƱԴۣҾþԴۿԹRԪվǶԾԵ˵ͷȻԽԴ˵
ԴۻƱղڴƱԴ˿ԣֿ˿ղڴۡ
һֻʮƱ̶ʱڣԽͶƱѾӵƱղڴۣȻƱ
ղڴһڵӣ˿ûеĵӡ
ʱ򣬾ԵĿٴοۡԼЭ飬ҪڻͶƱȴ·ûиоԵĿ⡣
蹤ۡҴۺˣͶƱԣȷˣľۡ
ǺǡĻЦһվ
Դ۹ȻֶΰոսˣöλԪ֮ΪͶƱò˵ĻĿоžԡ
RԪɲǶϷصĿǣҾеһƱͶղڴۡλѣϣҲĿ˭ʺϹRԪĻ˵
ͶƱͶƱĻ۲ԼϻһЩ𣿡ɨһ۲Ļһ۵
ĻۣѾǵڶһȾˡȻᣬҲĻԼͷϲһŶûӦ
ĻԵĻɫ΢΢һһڴ뿴ԴܲܵõRԪ
йϵ𣿡ԵҲ
ߣĻ˻ȥ
ˣҪͶƱղڴۡʹվԼеƱͶ˭
תĿ˵ԴۣʵǱǸˡ˼ǰ󣬻ǲܴӦ顣һҪԤף㣬ܹɹ
ڳλԪ֮ɫ΢ĳֱ仯

Ҷܸоóʹ۵ĻЩƵ⡣
һƱ࣬һƱҲ١ԿʹۣЦ˵ʹۣҲϣ㲻ڽյľ
ǡԴῪЦʹ졣
ԴƱղڴƱԴ
ĵõĻۺʹ۵ͶƱղڴۻõƱֻȾһƱˡ
λԪ֮ҪͶƱԴ΢ʵ
ͶƱǱġԪ֮ҲȨ
ͶƱղڴۡ˵
ͶƱղڴۣȻ˵Ԥ֮УΪĻ۵ƱͶղڴۡ۵һƱ˵ڲĻ۵ġ
ΪǲĻ۵ĵӡ
ҲԭԾԸûȥӴۡдҲվߡȻѾǻԪ֮ȻǲĻ۵ĵӡ
ղڴۺ;ԴۻõƱƱлԪ֮ҪͶƱ𣿡ԴٴεĿʵ
ղڴĿһתʾһ¡
վ˵ҪͶƱղڴۡ
ͶƱղڴۺղڴõƱʹﵽƱһƱ
΢΢һۣ˵ۣƺһЩʲô
Ѿ˾ԵСƱͶԣԵȻŹ¡Ȼ֮ǰͲ²⵽Ҫڣûȫȷ֮ǰԾһֱû˵ʲôҲûȥ۵鷳
ڽĻϣȷͶƱղڴۣǾԿɾҪ˵ˡ
Ҳ׾Դʲô˼ɫ΢΢ףӲͷƤ
۲ﾰԣû취
ۣĪǾҾԺ۸Ե
ԴۣɾͲˡǶ֪ʵǿ󣬵Ҳ۸˰ɣղڴü˵һ䣺ΪͶƱңѵҪۺɱɣ
֮Լ޹ءԿղڴһֶۣ۵ǾҪΥ֮ԼôңҪһϿɵĽ͡
Դۣʲô飬Ȼ˵ԴҲüԾ˵һ䣬ƺЩ
ڵǣղڴۻƱԴۻƱԴֹһ˫Ʊ
Դ֪ԼҪʧˣ߳ŭղڴѾ̲סЦˡ


3312 
ղڴۼΪ⡣
ϵƣһƺչࡣ
ѾƱֻƱ
ΪֹʮλԪ֮УֻнԴͱдδͶƱԴһƱȲ˵деһƱ϶Ҳղڴ۵ġ
һƱҲ˵㽹ԴԼеƱͶԣԵƱȻղڴ١RԪĿȨղڴĪˡ
ղڴУֿ˻̲סҪףˣ
ߣһˣҲﵽҵͷϣղڴЦ㻹˵㣡
ǺǡĻҲЦš
ղڴ֣ԣǿɾĳЦˡ
ۿ˿ԣЩšѾȡ˱дۣɱд۳ٳûͶƱѱʲôʡдͶƱղڴۣǾԾͱذˡдеһƱȻǹؼԵһƱغɰܡ
ǾԼ鵭Ȼʲôر仯
ղڴƺ˵̫һЩԿղڴۡ
Ŷôһ㶼磿ĪǾԴ۾ãԼܷ̲ɣ
ղڴ۴Ц
ɻлԪ֮ҪͶеƱԴĿ⣬гԼΨһһδͶƱĻԪ֮Ǳдۡ
Ԫ֮Ŀ⣬Ҳдۡ
дۣͶƱɣղڴ۶Աд۵
ڤۣҲԱдͷ
ͶƱղڴ۵ĻԪ֮϶Цݡ
һĿע֮£дվ
ҪͶƱԴۡд˵
дۻ֮󣬴ڶʱһƬžղڴ۵ϵЦδɢȥȫϡ
ô£
ʲô
дۣôͶƱԴۣ
ղڴ۵ˣһ˼Ŀűдۡ
еѣ˵˰ɣڤüԱдʵ
ڤѣû˵ҾͶƱԴۡдۻӦڤۡ
ղڴ۴Ӵлָɫü
ϴۣʲô˼㲻ǴӦ֧ҵ𣿡ղڴ۶űдۣʵ
ղڴۣˡǰȷʵǹƱͶ㡣˼ǣ˼뾰Դ۹ͨҾûǾԴ۸ʺϹRԪдҡҡͷǸĶղڴ۵
㡭ˣңղڴ۷ŭĵͺ
ղڴˣҴûˣͷֻǣԴܹҴд˵
ʲôղڴü
Ԫ֮Ҳ¶ɻĿ⡣Ƕ֪Ǵʲô
԰ԪԪ򡣡д˵
ʲô
ţ
ڵĻԪ֮ǣɫ졣ղڴۺͲĻˣһۣ˶ӶԷУ֮ɫˣҲ֪һɵܹԪԪɵ
еѣˣֻҲţڤߵ˵
ڤѣû衣ֵҩǴڡղڴۣӦҲ֪ġдڤ˵
ղڴ۵ͳ𣺡ĴڣǾԴҲӵУ
һղڴ۵仰ڻԪ֮ɫһ䡣
棬ģ¾ʹ۵ġʱʱΪڲƭġ֮ȥҲĻȡЦ棬Ļ۵ʱҲû˵Ĵڡ
ʹۿ˿ԣֿ˿ĻۡԴдô
ʹ޷ԼεĺڡʹֻۣһԪ򣬾ԪϳɾСԲĻᣬһҲֻһΡ
ղ˵ûɵǷڣһȷ⡣һ˵ǴڵģԴҲӵСĻۿڣ˳ղڴ۵Ļ˵
Ǻǣȷʵûдʵǲ⡣Ϊҿƴ΢УЦ˵
˵仰Ŀģʵ˵Դġ
ԴеƱʤһƱڣղڴۣԻƱԴһƱͶ˭˭ܵõRԪ
ҹʦʦ˵ģǹڴʦȻҲԽԴ˵£ԲȷԴƴʱ˿̣ԳŻᣬǿһԼʤ㡣
Դ⻰˵󣡡
ƴ
ֱ췽ҹ̷һ뷨ղڴۼ˷׷׿ڡ
λȰһ¡Դ̧ѹѹ
ھԴۻƱղڴҲƱԴ˵
˵Ŀ⣬ڽԴϣղڴۺ;ˡ


3313 
Դһ
ھԴۺղڴ۸ԻƱôеһƱֱӵ˭ܹõRԪ
˼ʱ䡣
ҵһƱͶԴۡԴͶԼеһƱ
֮ǰԴҹԣʾԣϣ֧ƿRԪԲδԸ£ýԴжԾ΢ʵġңһֱΪܹùղڴۺͲĻۡ
Ūɵͨʦ֮ڣ˵ûԪԪĴ⣬ýԴеƽԿʼб֪ܲóܹóأ
濼ǣԴͶƱԡ
ղڴɫ˫ĿŽԴ
ԴͶƱԣRԪȨϣ˾ԡ
ղڴۣȻġ
ô֧־ԣԼĻԪռ䶼СôܹRԪղڴѹŭʵ
ղڴۣȥһƱԴҲƱԣλԪ֮ΪԴʺϹRԪԴü˿ղڴۡ
ˣѾԴۻƱղڴۻƱԴ۵Ʊ߳ղڴһƱRԪɾԴ۹Դ˽
ԴۣϲϲдԵء
ϲԴۡ
Դ۹RԪһRԪΪǿ󡣡
Ԫ֮׷ԵءԣҲЦ˻
ղڴߵļԪ֮Ȼܸ˵ղڴۣžԡ
ԣû뵽ġΪ˶RԪĿȨѡĻ֡û뵽ˣûùԡ
RԪûеõΪ£ҲضܵӰ졣֮еӰӡԵĸʵǳǿľԻԪȻСRԪǿʢĻԪռ䡣
ԴۣĴʲôʱܹƺãԴȴͻȻʾԡ
ͶƱԣĸԸġ֮ˣΪ˴Բóô
Դ仰һ˵ڶʱ˵Ŀ⣬ԡ
ղڴۺͲĻ۵ˣһܻ֮Ʊԭ򣬾ôƱԲƳǾԵ鷳϶Сˡ
Դۣˣʲôʱܰ˵ĴƳղڴۿžԣʵ
ԴڲƭĻɾʹˡڲƭǺǡĻҲ˵
һ꣡ü˵
ʲôһꣿղڴ
ԴĿҲ΢΢һ
Դۣ˼ǣֻҪһ꣬ƳԴ˿žԣȷʵ
ţһʱ䣬һƳԵͷ
Դۣʱ㻹Ӳղڴ˵
ղڴۣͦѰôĪҲRһҺ۸۾һɺȵ
ղڴһ䡣
Դۣ˵ڰܹƳƲô죿Ļ˵
ô죿˵ôҲ٣ԿĻۡ
ãҾ͵ȾԴ۰ʱ䡣һ꣬ԴҲ뿪ԴԪˡƵҩ϶ҪĲϣڽԴԪԵõһҪĲϡԴԪҲĲϣԪռ϶ҲҲϣԴۣʱҪȱٲĽӿڡԴ˵
ڣҶɢ˰ɣԴ˰֡
ڻԪ֮½뿪ڹ
ԴۣаƳʾԡ
ڹʱ򣬻˵ҪڰʱƳͿʼΪԵˡ
ûаٷְٵİգֵһԡҡҡͷ˵
һƲô죿ʱ򣬽Դضŭղڴ۵Ҳ϶¡ˡ
۲صģȻûоԵİգ߳ɵİջеġʱ䣬Ҳ㹻ˡ
һ꣬Ҳ뿪ԴԪԴ˵ûϷöࡣЦЦ˵
ðɣգĿĺһ
ˣҲֻˡ
ŻԴۻRԪƿȨϢҲڿٵĴ
ԴƿRԪ
ⰡղڴۣȻûùԴۣ

ԴۻRԪǺܶ˶û뵽ġ飬ѰûʲôϵǣҲϾʱ̸һˡǾԴ۵õRԪղڴ۵õRԪ˵ûʲôֱ


3314 ²Ϊ
蹤ۡҴۺλԪ֮Ӧ۵Ķ
ԽʢСƿָλԪ֮
Լλ֧־ԿRԪҪÿС֮ǰѾÿţڱǽʣµŵҩǡ
лԴۣ
лл
蹤۵˶Եл
أǳ֧͡ƿRԪӦõõġЦЦ˵
ԴۣƳܲһЩңžʵ
蹤ۺҴۣҲڴĿ⿴žԡ
ǲ֪ܲƳһܹƵóأ
ƳĴȽ϶࣬ȻûġǷģҪ϶ѡǣҵѡ˵

ղڴ۵ʱ
뿪ڹ󣬱ղڴ
ڵۣЩ
ʲôǾԣѵܰˣղڴ۵˵
ղڴ磬Դ۵ʵҲ֪ġҳ֣Ҹô죿ۿЦ˵
һԱô֣ղڴ˵
ΥԼơ
֪ˣͲӦȥ۵ʱԴۣ˾ԴСڵǽ˲á
ۣ֪̸̸ɣ
ʱ򣬶ǾԴ۵
ˣԴˡԵҵղڴۡ
۵ʵǲģ۶ȽϽӽǣԴնɱR۵Ĵڰ
ߣҵ뿴Σߣǳȥղڴһ
ղڴۺ۳˶һ۾ͿľԴۡ
Դۣʲôղڴ۾ʵ
ۣԵ
ԴۣѾõRԪղڴ˵
ûʲôϵɨղڴһۡ
漴վղڴۡ
ۣҵСӦͶƱҡȻʳˡ˵˵ô죡Զʵ
Դۣô죿ǿһʾĶԾԵ
ôҲǻԪ֮ݣеĻԪ֮УʵҲеλáʱղڴۡԣȻһԣè
С⣬óһǧʯΪޱ˵˵¾ˣҲ²Ϊ
ۿղڴۡ
һǧʯõó
СѾղڴˡ
˵ʵ۾þԴҪҲ֡ϾΥ뾰Դ֮Լ
Դۣ㲻ԼҪ̫һЩ𣿡ղڴ۳
˵ˣûйϵһղڴۣǴҪΪ۳ͷ𣿡
ԵУһЩɱ⡣
ղڴƤ
ȷԻ᲻ͳ֡
Ķ۳֣ղڴҪҪԾԳ֣ǳ֣ûסԡֵĻȻУˣȥͳˡ
ҲãԿơҶ˳ԱﻹǽԴĽԴԪͬ˵ĻԪ֣֮ԴӦòӦɣ
ۣô˵Լղڴ۳Ĭֶۺʡ
۳Ĭ
ǲƽˡ˵䣬׽ȡ
ô͹ֲˣȫӿԪ
һ£ղڴջûܿס
һ֣ʧˣûаھбסղڴۡ
ۣȻԴ˺ƽķӦ˰ɡղڴ۶˵
ðɣۿٵͷ
ղڴ۽Сۣ۽СԴۣԼóһǧʯΪСûõװóһǧʯʧˣĶѪһǧʯղڴȻܰ
ߣҵҪ㻹ܵáһòʱٺúˡ뿪֮ղڴ۶ݺݵһ

ҪС̻صԼʱչ״̬
ʱ䣬˵̲̣˵Ҳ
Ƶĵǰ׼õ¯Ͳϡ
ԿʼС
һΣԲǴСƹУͨݣһѰҵǷȱĲϡ
һǳѵ顣
ΪҵȷĲϣϧСʧܡ


3315 ľ޴
СĲϣһʳɱΪʮʯ
ʧһΣʮʯ͵ڴˮƱ⻹ûм㾰ԺķѵȵҩԾԵļ󣬾Ϊȡʱ䣬ֻʹһЩԴָĵ
ڻ󣬾Եϣʣ߷СĲϡ
ʱ䣬߷ݲϱ㱻һա߷ݲϣûƳһСΪĹУ󲿷ֵ˷档͵£ԺѿСơ
Ѷ൱޴󣡡
УҪѡ
߷СϣҲȡһĽչҪǷȱĲϣǻҪܳʱ͸Ĳϡ
ĽȣҪĲϣĻǳӴ󡣡
ϵĲƵڵ¯֮ǰվ
ѾһգҪٴιϡ
ûж룬Գʱǰ̻ߵ۹̻ܲᣬֱҵӢϻ᳤
ԴۣӢϻ᳤ԣļ
Ӣϻ᳤ض񡣡һ֣˵ι鷳Ӣϻ᳤㡣
ʲôģԴ۾ܷԸǡӢϻ᳤ܻ˵
Ӣϻ᳤ȻҲѾ֪ԴۻRԪRԪһǳǿʢĻԪռ䣬ԴۻRԪӰͲƸõαԴ᳤̻ܻҲд󣬸˵ӢֻһֲĻ᳤
Ӣϻ᳤ǵϴҸǷ嵥𣿡ԿӢϻ᳤
ǵã嵥СӢϻ᳤˵ͷ
嵥ϵĲϣҪ鷳Ӣϻ᳤Ҷ׼һЩ˵
ȫû⣬֪ԴҪٷݣӢϻ᳤΢΢һ
ԴҪЩϣǳ󣬼ֵߡĶҲߡȻԴ۲Ҫ̫ߵļۣҲѰԴ׬öࡣ
Ҫܶ࣬ʱҲȷţȸ׼һٷݰɡԳ˵
һݲϣֵʮʯһٷݣǾһǧ˰ʯ
֣Ӣϻ᳤񳹵ߵ۹ߵķֻᣬҲҵġ̻ᣬһӴ̻ᣬڽԴԪңзֲЩֲȻҲҵϵľԴۣӢϻ᳤˲Сҵ
һٷݡ
ԴۣҪЩϣȽϡȱһٷݵĻҪϳ׼ʱ䡣Ӣϻ᳤Ծ˵
ţˡӢϻ᳤ȸ׼ʮݡµľʮݣһʱ׼üɡԵͷ˵
ã͵һ¡Ӣϻ᳤ʼ´ָֲȱٵĲϡ
ʱʱ䣬ʮݲ׼׵Ӣϻ᳤ʮݲϽԡ
ܺãӢϻ᳤Щϣֵһٰʮʯ԰ɣԵ
ԴۣЩϣÿһֶǳ󺱼۸ȷʵȽϸߡһݲʮʯѾǺŻݵļ۸ˡǣξԴҪǳ̻࣬ΪҪĿͻ֮һԭеĻϣٸ΢ŻһЩһݲϣֻҪʮʯʮݾһʮʯӢϻ᳤ٴ˵
ЦЦͷˣͶлӢϻ᳤ˡ
ܽʡһЩʯԵȻҲ⡣
Ӣϻ᳤µĲϣ׼úɸ͵ҾסĶ԰ɣԲصܵߵ۹Ĺ
ȫû⣬뾰Դ۷ġӢϻ᳤ˬĴӦ
Ӣϻ᳤Ӧóʵɣ뵽ƵҩҪķѴ
еģʵһԴǳĺ̻Դ۵ġӢϻ᳤˵һöʵۼһʯ
һʯһں׾ʯ
۸ȷʵ൱ĿֲѰɵ۸ò𡣱һЩԪۣһö¶ۡ
һǧöԳ˵
ھԻԪĽ籮ڣԵõöʵ룬һʵֵˡЩöʵҲıùˡ
ȻЩʵԴİҲ޷ġ˵ûЩʵҲûн쾰Եĳɾ͡ھԵ壬ȵ֪ǿʢ˶٣ʵû
һǧöӢϻ᳤զ࣬۾Բ˵ԴۣҪһǧöĻǿҲҪһЩʱ䣬ҪطȻΪҪܶ࣬۸һЩһǧöʵ˰ʯ
ԣ׼úҲ͵һԪռĶ˵
֮뿪̻ᣬصԼʱ
һΣԽ˹ûۣʱڣסԵʱڡ


3316 Ľ׶
Ϊ̻Ͳʱ򣬾Կܻᴦڱչо֮У۹᷽ܶࡣ
Ȼܾԡ
´Ҵңʱ׾Թ϶
ںķ˴ĲϺ󣬾Զĵȫȡ˾޴Ľչ
ݡ绨ͱľ
ţֲϡ
ȱٵģӦþֲˡȱеһ֣Ҳȱֻ֡
ڣٹֲϣԳƴೢԣӦûɹ΢С
ʱʱޣѾʮꡣ
ʮ֮У󲿷ֵʱ䣬ʵϡҪȷȱٵĲϣȻٲϵųϡ
Դۣˣ
һ䣬۾͸Ӧˣ৵һǰ
šЦŻۡ
ôαչؿдĽչڴʵ
ÿһʱ䣬ԾͻһΡÿγأ۶ѯʾԵĽչǳľܲƳھޣֻʣ¶ʮʱˡʱƲĻзǳ鷳
չܴ󣡡ЦڣӢϻ᳤һҪһЩϡ
Ҫĵҩ֤׶ΣĵĲϿ»ࡣ˵
ãҴѶӢϻ᳤۵ͷ
Ӣϻ᳤׼òϺɸ͵ĶʵϣȴӢϻ᳤ԽġӢϻ᳤ûԱˣǼ˻ΣҲĴѶӡ
ڻ۴Ѷ󲻾ãӢϻ᳤ˡ
Ӣϻ᳤ǰٶȣ൱Ŀ졣
ҲǣʵһֱڵżԴۡΪԴдʯû֧
Ҫһٷݲϣһǧöʵֻʮݲϵһʮʯ֧ˣµʯȫû֧̻ᡣ
ȻþԴ۲ˣӴĿӢϻ᳤ܲİ
ԴۣۣλۣӢϻ᳤ļϴǫЦݡ
Ӣϻ᳤Ҫ鷳ˡЦе˵
Ӣϻ᳤ͷһ
ڵľǷµľ޶ʯֲұֳ
Դ۲ҿҪҵĵطֻܷԸǡӢϻ᳤ԲԵ˵Ҫʯ
ġ
֮ǰҪЩϣ鷳ٸһٷݡţ⣬ݡľͳ绨ֲϣҲʮݡЦ˵
Ӣϻ᳤һ⻰޳
ݡ绨ͱľ
ֲϣÿһֶޱȵ󡣾˵ľһݵļ۸񣬾ʹﵽʯ
𣿡üӢϻ᳤
ûû⡣Ȼϡ٣̻ҵġӢϻ᳤ЦЩȻ
ţǾͺáҪӢϻ᳤һ׼ãżáԵͷ
ˣǰӢϻ᳤Դһû֧ʯüӢϻ᳤֧˰ɡ˵
ԵȻˡ
Ӣϻ᳤۾ˡ
ʮݲϣһʮʯһһǧʮʯһǧöʵǰǧʯһǰ˰ʯ߼ΪǧʮʯӢϻ᳤԰ɣӢϻ᳤
ԶԶԣһ㶼ûԴۣǧʯˡӢϻ᳤ˡ
ʵ˵ô֧ʯû˵Ŀʵ̫ˣһ˵Դ۵ô죿ʱŪɳ׾ɵ
ǧʯ֧Ӣϻ᳤
һʣµʯͲˡ
ҺôóһǧʯֻʯͲ֧Ӣϻ᳤ˡת
̻ᣬ˲R۵Ųһǻǧʯʱʮϣһٰʮʯʯǧͷڶȥ̻ᣬֻһʮʯԣǴõһǧʯǾԵʯֻ治֧Ӣϻ᳤
ڣϵʯҲ߰˰ˣ⻹Rʯֻ
Rϵʯֻࡣ
ҲһĻԪۣᱣ̫ʯֻϡʯ㹻࣬һ㶼ʯĸԴ
ԴۣۡҾȸˡһȥ̿ʼ׼ԴҪĲϣȻҸ͹Ӣϻ᳤ʯ׼ˡ
ǾͲӢϻ᳤ˡ
òã

ԴۣΪǴĴ̫ˡ⣬ǧʯôȥˡǻۣҲΪ˸е𺳡
ǧʯǿɲǼǧ׾ʯ
ţȷʵķѼ󣬲ֻҪܹƳȫֵáԵͷ˵


3317 
һƳɹǴӰ콫ǳġ
ǽԴʱҲھԴۡ
ԣںķѵԴǰڵͶʡ
ͷ
üͷ΢塣
ϵʯֻ̫ˡӢϻ᳤εĲ͹û㹻ֻʯ֧ԿЦЦ
ϵʯֻʣ߰˰ӡιĸֲϣֵԼǧʯ
ԴۣҿԳʯ˵
ǵǲáҡҡͷ˵ӻһЩʱ֧ɣӢϻ᳤̫β͹һЩСȻСʯ
Сۿžԡ
ţСļֵͬǳߣ̻ҲԸ⸶Ƚϸߵļ۸򡣡Եͷ
ԴۣСȫ̻ͨᡣǣ֯һС͵ᣬԪ֮μӡˣЩԪҲ롣Ȼ̫ܲõСЩԪ۵ı󣬴඼Լ
۵ĻԵĿҲ
԰
ԾٰһС͵ᣡ
Ԫ֮벻ҪС϶Ҫ򣬾ôС£Ԫ֮ͶƱأ
ûٰᣬС󻯣ۣҪѣҶûЦ
Ӣϻ᳤׼ϵʱҲǾѵõϢʱ䡣
ԼĪʮӣӢϻ᳤ǽҪĲ͹һ֣ʮСĲϣݡ绨ͱľɲݸʮݡ
Ӣϻ᳤Щʯ´㽫µĲȫ͵һɡԶӢϻ᳤
ȫû⣡ԴۣۡҾȸˡӢϻ᳤ûκεԥЦе˵뿪˾ԵĶ
ۣҾȥˡֶԻ˵
õľԴۣҰ׼һСᡣ΢Ц˵ʵҲûʲôҪ׼ģСᣬμӵҲܶࡣصǣǰųȥЩԪ׼㹻ʯֻ
ԣǶ׼ʯ۾Ź⡣
ٴνձչ״̬
αչû֮ǰΪݺͷľ˳ɹƳҩ档
ʱƣһ¯¯СƳ
Է֣ͨǰʮʱоȻûоȷȷǷȱĲϣǶСƣȴĵӦˡ
֮ǰСһ¯ƽɵŵӡڣ϶ǳɵ߿š˿ŵӡ

᣿
ԴҪٰᣬС
ʲôʱ䣿
󣿡
жСȻҪٰǾģ
ߣԼʱ䣬ûʣ¶ˡڣ˼ٰ᣿
۽Ϣųȥ֮󣬶ʱ˸߲Ա𶯡
ղڴۡĻ۵ˣμСľġ˵ŹֻװмӣʵѾҪ̳ʯ׼μˡ
һʱ䣬۲εߣʼ̻ͨ;һЩԴֳʯ
ʦԴҪóСԴʦ
ǵģѾѯʹۡ˵ԴСʦԽԴ˵
ܹСԴһֱûȫžܹ
ȷʵܹСʮʱ䣬ԴҲһֱڳƴ۵˼Դ۵ĽչĴ󣬺ܿܽɹƳʦͷ
ԴĿ⣬
ʦ׼һ¡ῪʼҲμӣһЩСǽԴԪһЩɵۣгԪ۵ĵ̡Դ˵
ǣʦӦ

ʱ䣬ת˲
һ˶ʮ¯С
СٶԶûôģͨǰʮʱоС˺ܴƿԣһ¯СҲһҡΪķѵ̫࣬ÿɺҪʱָʱ䣬Ƴʮ¯С
Դۣ߳䣬۱ӭ
ᣬܿʼ𣿡ʵ
ţԿʼˣ׼óһʮСЦЦ˵
ʮ¯ҩһɵһʮţ֮ǰԴҪţһʮ߿šԴ㣬еһʮš
һʮţ֣һ
ΪʱƳʮСͲˡ


3318 Ʊ
һʮСĳʯ
ۣ׼ôˣʻۡ
ŶʱԿʼкܶԪۣѯңΪʲôʼ˵
ã֮󣬱ʽʼص㣬ɣԵͷ
ԣ˵ֻǡղڴ۵ˣҲμӴ˴ᡣ
ղڴ۵֮䣬һЩìܡ
ǲμӣҪ볡ƱղڻԪĻԪڤԪͻԪԪԪԪռ˲μᣬҪ⹺Ʊ
һƱʯɣ˵
ãǾô죬ȷųϢȥͷ
Ʊ¶ֱ׬ǧʯ
һƱȻǷǳġǣԴֲǿμᣬƱǾͲμӣ
۽Ϣųȥ֮󣬶ʱһƬŭ
ղڻԪԪȫղڴ۵ˣˡ
ʯƱôȥ
ǷˣǷˣһƱҪʯ
ɱ
ȥɱ
ô˵ģҪܴù˵
ԣǷϻʯһƱǾٲҲϡ
Ԫ֮ҧгݣࡣ
ղڴֱۣȥڹԴ
ղڴۣôˣԴһղڴʵ
ùʡղڴ˵
ʲô飿Դһѽı顣
ԴҲ˵˾Դ۾ٰҪȡƱ飬ƱֻղڻԪԪռ䣬ϽԴԪڡ
󣬾ҪٰᣬСǣСһЩȤμᡣǣȴҪƱʯһŵƱղڴٺܿ˵г˷ŭ
ŶȻǾԴ۾ٰᣬιأ
ղڴǾƱ̫ȫԲμᰡǾԴۣӦòǿ˲μɣԴ˵
ǡղڴһʱ
ղڴۣ޷ʴ¡ҽԴ۽йҲҵȡƱҲûǿҪȡƱ
ʵĹؼղڴԼ㲻ȥԣ̸һ̸ƱҲǾԴһ仰顣Դ˵ĳ
ղڴۺ뿪ڹ
ղڴ۵ӹ蹤۵ˣȴüЦտ
ղڻԪԪҪƱܲμᣬ蹤ԪȼԪȴҪһԱȣ׬˰
һСˣʯһʯ˾һǧʯһԪռ䣬˵ôҲкüԪҪμᡣ
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Դ۶ǣĺܲˡҺõʱҵƱͶ˾ԴۡҪȻڣƱ
ʽʼҲ֪׼ʯĵٿС
ʱʮԪռ䣬вٻԪۣӿ˽ԴԪ׼μӾԴ۾ٰᡣ蹤ԪȻԪռĻԪۣԾɵöࡣղڻԪԪռĻԪۣɾͲܵˡҪμӣǻ취ٸʯ
ҾۼһĽǣÿһԪռ䣬ܵһЩ˲μᡣþǣÿһԪռ䣬ֻһ˲μӣ˽ʯμӵˣϾСһҲڣĵСνз䡣лԪ֮ڻԪһʱҲȫˣҶ˽ĵġ
ղ֣ᣬĵС٣ǹƱμӣ¾͵òʧ˰Ļüղڴ˵
Ļ˵ûǵȸжСֻһʮСμӲμӣ嶼󣡡ղڴ۵ͷ˵
ϣгһٿСڤһ˵
ţôࣿ
ڤѣô֪ģ
ҷʦʦҵġʵҲʹۣۡڤһɬı顣
ڤۣʵѾ뾰ԽˡܹܲѡվղڴߡϧѾˡ
һٿСǡμˡ
ƱǲҲ򡣡
֮󣬾ԵʱԪ֮ڶԪۣ½ĵִ
ڶ֮⣬ЩǰμԱ


3319 ǧʯ
Եʱۼ˴ĻԪۡ
˵ĻԪۣ֮һңʱ
ЩԪۣվһ𣬵Ľ̸šǽ̸ݣȻ˴йء
λѣ۳ˡ
ǻҴԴۣӭλĵ΢Цı顣
ۿˣʲôʱԽ뾰Դ۵Ķ۳ʵ
ۣҪģۿۣ˵вμӱɾԴ۸˾ٰСĵѣѾԽ붴ˡ
ղڻԪĻԪڤԪͻԪԪԪĵѣҪ붴μÿҪһƱƱļ۸ʯԪĵѣɽ붴μᡣЦ˵
۵ⷬղڻԪԪĻԪۣһ𺣬ȻǰõϢᱧһЩ뷨ڿԲμᣬͱʯƱ
ۣΪʲôֻԪ߲μҪƱ˴ʵ
԰ƾʲôҶμģôֶԴأ
һ˵
Щֺģʯ治һСĿǶڻԪ˵
ǾԴ۵˼ɫһ䣬ͳ˵Դ۲ǿλμᣬλҪμᣬͱع򡣡
Уλ£ǾԴ۽ֱȡμʸ񡣡˵
Ż仰еʱȥԪߣǲģҲ޿κΡٶĲҲܷй
ۣЩ蹤ԪߣҴǲμӱᡣ蹤ǰָָһȺԪ˵
蹤ĻԪۣһˡ
蹤蹤۵˽붴
蹤۵ˣüЦտĽ˾Եʱ
̣
Ǿռ˺ܴıˡ
ԲղڻԪԪƱ蹤۵ˣͲռ˴˵ĸо˵κ¶¶Աȡ
ۣЩұлԪߡд۴һЩԪ۹
дۺλñд۵˽붴
ۣĻ۴һԪۣǰ˹ֵ
Ļۡ۹ֻ
μᡣĻ˵
ĻۣձĹأҪƱܲμᡣλѣҲҪƱ΢УЦ˵
ĻǲĿзŭջסˣԪ۵˵ͷǻԪóһռ䱦ݸۣռ䱦ڣһǧʯ
Ļۺλѽ붴һǧʯ˽С
Զղڴ۵ˣɫһá첻Ʊǽȥˡ
ϣҲƱɣڤԪһۣڤ˵
ţֻˡҽȥμӰɡǣϢĵСһ䡣ڤ۶ߵһȺԪ˵
˶ͷ
ʯһƱ̫ˣֻܾܵģٲμ
ʱʱ䣬иý뾰ʱߣȫȥˡ
ۿ˿յʯЦݸ
ƱԪռУղڻԪͲĻԪԪռ䣬ֱ˹ƱμᡣڤԪĸԪռ䣬ǶֻиԵĻԪ֮һ˹Ʊμӡ
ǧʯ
ǡЩˡ׬ȡʯٶȣֲ̫ˣԴֻҪʱʱľٰᣬƱܽԻԪչˡת
ȻҲᣬǲٰܾġǾٰƵ̫ߣôСļֵɾҪȵˮˣЩԪ֮ͻԪۣҲôˡ
Եʱڡ
µ䳾۵ˣҲڰæ
ЩԪĴۣЩμĻԪۣĻ᳡ʵҲһȽϴķˡ
ԴʱѾڵš
ÿ˴ԾЦŶͷʱ˵һ件ӭǶղڴ۵ˣҲЦӭϾ˼һûʼСһ˻ʯˡʯϣҲܸԷһ
۹ر˶ڣҲĻ᳡ߣ˵һ£ȻҲ߾Ʊһǧʯ
λѡ΢߶


3320 ʱ
Ԫ֮ͻԪۣȫԡ
ϻҾͲ˵ˡ
ھͿʼСƷС龺ģÿһΪʮС
һСĿʼλѣԿʼˣ˴׼ۡ
Ի£ֱ΢΢һһȽϴƿھС
ƿ֮ڣʢʮСͨɵ۸ٸײԴ
һʮС
׼ۣó۶أ
Ҳ֪мСҪ
ԴóСЧǳã֮ǰ͸۵СѾԪɵùǳ

ٻԪ˽
ЩԪڲμӱ֮ǰСļ۸ѾһԤڡʽʼǵЩԥóһʲôļ۸ˡ
ϾСֶѾܾúܾûгֹˣҲһ׼жԱȡ
ʯ۵һ֣һʯļ۸
ʯʮţʮʯһšСʳɱһ¯ʮ߰ʯһ¯Сƽܳɵӽ˿šҲ˵һСʳɱҲʯӡ
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ǶõϢξĵСһٿšҲ˵ٻʮСᱻóġǣżֲһ˳ԵȫС
ҳ˰ʯд۾֣ܸߡ
дʵǿĻԪֻ֮һԪ򣬱ɳΪСԲĻԪۡ
۵ˣ˱дһۣδٿڼӼۡ滹лᣬһС͵Ǹдһˡ
д۳۰˰ʯɻеѼӼۣԻȫ
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ǵڶСȻʮšλѣԳˡһ֣һƿС
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ʯ
Ⱥ֮УĿ⾧˿֪ܲСʳɱ֪ġ̻ķ᳤ֻӢϣν͵У֧˶ʯӢϻ᳤ҲʾԣҲܴ֪СʳɱǶ١
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ʮС˰ʯһٿţǰǧʯԴóһʮС۸ɽܼۿɾͳһڵʯˡпһ¡
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˰ʯھԻո£һ۵ˣ۵ˣǲĻ۴ǸԪۡ
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ĻԪĴۣ蹤һֿۣ˿ޱĲĻۣ֮ӼۣŰʯ
һ蹤ûгۣҡҡͷһСľġ
ϲλԲĻԪĵѣһСˡ̧̧֣Էء
顢͵Сȥɽļ۸񣬶ڰ˰ʯŰʯӡȥСԽԽ࣬ڵգԵýΪµĽҪóСԽԽˡ
ĻԪۣûгɹĵС


3321 
ɮ٣
ٲ֣ܾ޷ڱоĵСˣ
ĽУ᳡еĻҩζҲԽԽŨˡʼʱ򣬸˱˴֮仹ٸһЩӣǻԪ֮֮䣬̫ҡɵٲʱͿǿֶĽǫõ˼ȻԽԽˡ
Сʼġһ֣ʢʮСƿ֡
һǧʯ
κ۵ģʦԴûвμӱᣬʦȻʹ˽Դʦһڣһǧʯĳۡ
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еˣɫвͬû˵ʲôȣʦĳĿǰĳСߵļ۸ΣʦǽԴ
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ھСʱʦûгۡ᳡ڵˣŶɳһʦҪ۾ģǾͲܼĬˣٵҪԴ۸Ǿ۵ĻᣬʦֱӳС
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ʮСղڴ۴Ԫۣһǧʯߡ
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Ļ۲ҪżҪСһЩЦ˵
ԵĻ΢΢ɳһ
Ϊ˽ʡʱ䣬Ҵ㽫ʣµСԼ˵
£ֱһĸƿǰ
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λѣҪСôҪȫ顣Ի˵š
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λͣһ£Ϣյʱ䡣յʱСȤĵѣʱԳ۾ġͣ뿪̨
֮Ҫͣյʱ䣬ȻҲĿĵġԣΪЩԪ֮ԪۣһЩʱ䣬ʯ
֮ǰ۾ͷų˹ڱϢԪ֮ڶԪۣҲʶĳʯֻÿ˵ϣʯֻҲǷǳࡣ
Сضһǳ޴֣ǼһϵֻʯܳߵļǮ
Դۣ뾰˽½̸
ߵС͵ÿɹĵĴеģǻµ䳾ۡ䳾۽ûʯҲʱ˻۱ܡ
ۣжʯˣʵ


3322 ڶʯ
ƱǧʯСĿǰΪֹǾǧһһǧʯ΢Щ
һڶʯ
۵ȫҼʯֻҲûһʯôࡣ
Ԫ֮ȻӵһԪռĴڣǻԪռڵԴǻԪ֮ĸ˲ƸԵĻԪռҲǣǻԪ֮ɻԪڵԴһ˵ϡԪռڣСС۸ӣռһ档
šԵ˵ͷ˵ջ񣬵ǱеĶࡣ
ԴۣܹƳǺ׾ܳΪеĻԪ֮۶Ծ˵
Цŵͷ
Ϣյʱ
Сһ
λѣС˸ȤҪ۾𣿡Ŀ⿴ųеĻԪ֮ͻԪۡ
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ǧʯ۳ۡ
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ǧ˰ʯСѾ൱һǧʯһˡ֣ǷǰʮСĵ֡
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СΪҡ
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ղڴۺͲĻۣ֮ǰΪRԪĿȨѡĺڣ˵ĺϵȻѾˡ
蹤ۿ˿ҴۺۣλۣĵĶһۡ
蹤ֺ̧ۣǧʯ
蹤ԪԪһԪԪռ䣬ѡ˺
蹤ۺ֮󣬳еԪ֮ȫüͷ
ǧʯղڴۼۡ
ǧʯĻ۲
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۸ļңŲϺߵļ۸Сļ۸񣬺ܿ㱻ǧʯ
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ղ֣˳ģĻҲղڴۡ
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ǧʯ蹤ٴγۡ
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ңֱӽСļ۸񣬴ǧʯ˰ǧʯʱղڴģѾΪСˡУ⡣ղڻԪгԴԪĻԪռ䣬֮ǰΪRԪʧѾӰͣС
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Ļҡҡͷ̾һᡣ
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ղڴɫЩ䣬ʵǸ˲ȻɹĵССķѵĴۣίʵЩСʮţʮСǧʯһСٶʮʯ֮ޡ֣ˡ
ٶʯ㹻򵽷ǳǿĻԪ챦Ƕ۱ˣR۵֮Խ̻ᣬ۸Ҳһǧʯѡ
䳾۽СղڴۣղڴҲǧʯ䳾ۡ
λѣ˴ͽˡ
ٴθлҵĵЦĽ
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蹤۵ȼԪ֮뾰Լ򵥵˼仰Ҳɢȥ
ܿ죬Եʱڣֻʣ¾ԻлۼµļԪۡ
Դۣǽȫ롣۽ʢʯĿռ䱦ݸԣ˵һڶǧʯԴһ¡
ˣλռ䱦Ըлۺµ䳾۵ˡ
㲻ʲôԴۣԼʱʣѾ࣬Ҳüչо˰ɣ˵
ţǰֻжʮʱˡۣʱ仹鷳˵
ûġ۵ͷ


3323 Թ
ʦžĵĶʮСڹԴϸĶԽԴһ飬ͬʱĵĶʮСԴ
ʮСʹãȻǽԴ˵㡣
ԴԪҲԪ۲μӴ˴δܹɹĵС
ֻжʮţЩٰԴ̾˿˵
ղڴջһղڻԪ;ĵʮСʦ˵
ţֻҲ˲ɣΪʮСղڻԪĴЩ󣡡ԴЦЦ
ղڻԪʮСķʯղڻԪǿʢղڴҲۡʮСһԪۣȻǳʮСûԪۣղڴۿ϶Ҫơ
˵ͨԴʵ׬˲ʯԴһת
ǰҹһ£гʯֻǲ֪Դ۵ЩСɱ˶١ʦͷ˵
̻Ṻ˴ϣѼʮʱ䣬ƳһٶСô˵Ӧвٵ󡣡ʦ˵
Դ̻Ṻ£ʦˣǽԴԪڲ
ʦ˵ԴܲƳضСġԴһ
ϣΪԴۣпƳҲҪʱСʱ䣬̫һЩʦ˵
ţʵøʱƳҲʲô⡣Դ˵ͷ

ղڴ۵ȾĵСĻԪ֮뿪Եʱ󣬱ԷԼĶϾĵСҪз䡣
ղڴۣСʯкܶ඼ԪռڵĻԪۡ
ղڴȷʵǱȽơ
һ룬һʮСһ˾ʹʮţˡ˵СȷʵǺö໨һЩʯƺҲǿˡ
ЩСȻһȽ鷳顣ǻԪ֮Ҳÿǵƽ⣬ԼԪռĻԪۣԼȷʵԶ𡣾η䣬Լ׽Ĵۻø࣬ԼϵԶһЩĴ۲̫ԹԣҪúÿˡ
Ǹ
ܵõRԪһʯʲô
ľСҵRԪҵղڻԪʯ
ղڴۣݺݵһԡ
һʹ΢泩һЩղڴټԪڵĴǣһͬСķ⡣

Ծסʱ
ԱչƵҩۺµļԪۣھԵĶ֮С
ϣѵǲԴ۹һЩС𣿡䳾ʻۡ
ʵ֮ǰ䳾۾Ի˵⡣
뾰Դ۹ϵܣ˭֪ǣڣԴȴδСۣۡҲû뾰Դ۵ĹϵСû뾺ġ
ԪĺܶɵۣҲҪС
䳾۾벻ףΪʲôһ㶼żӡܶԪռ䣬õСЩСõĺˣ˵ͻǵĻԪռ൮һԪۡ
۰Դô࣬ҲΪԼĻԪռ俼ǿǰɣ
ǣ䳾۵ȵڣһֱûȵ۶ԾԴۿڡʵ̲סˣԿѯʡ
۲ռԴ۵ıˣҲһȽϸߵļ۸С
ۿ˿䳾ۡ
С벻룡
ҲϣԼĻԪռ䣬۲εɵۡǣδھԴǰ¶С˼һ㰵ʾûԴۡ
䳾Ҫż˵
ھԴоƴٰҲΪ˳ʯϡ
Ҳʱ䣬Դ۴ȥһѹԺǻԴСġ۽͡
Ҳõ̫õġ۶䳾ЦЦ
ףֻΪԪСԲЩż䳾۹˹˵
ʵ䳾۶ԾԣҲһЩԹãԴ۲ӦõȻڹССԪѵѵǲ˼Ҫ
ڻǰԾԴ۵ЩԹ޷ֳ֪۶ԾԴ۵ĸ飬ָŮ֮飬˿ᡣ֪۾ԲڱڮپԴۡ
ˣҲȥϢɣ۶䳾۰˰˵
ǣ䳾Ӧȥ


3324 ȷ
һ󣬾ʱֹͣ˴˴
һ꣬¯Сɵʮš
ۣ
غ󣬾Ծȥ˻ۡ
ۺͼµĻԪۼվ
Դۣнչ𣿡۵ĵһ⣬ʾԶԴоǷнչ
ûСҡͷЦ˵һ꣬Ҫûо档
ۣһЩС͸㡣ȡȽϴƿ
ÿһƿڣʢʮС
ԵȻûһЩСۡ
䳾۵ɫһӺһǰڱϻѯʣΪβӾԴйһЩСþԴ۲塣
ڣԴ۱㽫С͹ˡ
ƿ
ƿ˿İϣһƿ͵ЩԪ֮С
ġᾰԴˣ䳾ţ˼Щҡ
ͷҿԡ
ۣҵһ⡣
Щ꣬ͻԪλѣҾ԰ԣЩСҲҸлǵԼЦ˵
ԴۣǶСɫҲˡ
ÿƿʮСһƿԵ
⡭¶ɫ
ǾСˣǡûôʯֻǺµ䳾۵һգҲóԹʮСʯǣûǰ׼
ۣôˣüڳʱ䣬ƳСʱĻȽʡһЩ
ԻΪǻСˡ
ԴۣҲǸ˼ɫ΢죬æ˵ҡҪһʱ䣬Ｏʯ֮ǰû׼ֻмʯֻ
˵ԹһЦ
ۣЩС͸ġʯҲҪġţô˵ˡ
ˣۣ鷳㴫ѶӢϻ᳤ȡ漴˵
ۻҪ˵һִϣı˵ۣ֮䲻Ҫʯ˵ҵİҲ֪öʯ
Ҫҧҧ촽û˵
Ѷ̻ߵ۹Ӣϻ᳤˹
Ӣϻ᳤ЦݡԾٰ飬ȻҲ֪ԣμŸϹΪľԻǷʯǴΪԴͻݣֵṩʵķ
Ӣϻ᳤ϴҹЩϣҪʯȽӢϻ᳤
лԴۡӢϻ᳤˫ֽӹռֻ
ԴۣʲôҪԸ𣿡Ӣϻ᳤Ҳûʯֱ󣬾ٴοʵ
Դۣôܻٸʯ
ţȷʵҪæԵͷ˵ݡ绨ͱľɲݣһҪ
⣬ЩϣһҪʵԼصԴ
иֻԪ챦ǿĵ۱
˵һѵĸֱ
Ӣϻ᳤ţֻöЩʧˡ
ЩȫҪĹʵԴơӢϻ᳤鷳ˣܵپ͵١󣬾ԶӢϻ᳤ЦЦ
Ӣϻ᳤ָ۾⣬ͷ
Դ۷ģ̾ͻȥ׼ҪԴӢϻ᳤ܵ
šݡ绨ͱľֲϣҶھҪԶһЩʱ˵
ףӢϻ᳤صĵ
뿪ԶʱӢϻ᳤˶ЩƮ
Ƕô˵ҵ
˵ξԴҪԴǰ漸ξԴ۹ԴѾӢϣ̻ڲ᳤ܻˣԸһѶϢ佱һʾ
ԴֱۣҵĴ˰
ҵĲԴ۵ʱȻȥҸķֲûȥֲ
Ӣϻ᳤ڷߵ۹ֻ̻ܲʱ̵š

Լо
ֹʮʱ䡣
ʱ򣬾ѾȷˣȱȱٵĲϡ
ûȱٵĲϣ羰֮ǰԤϵɲ֮СһǱľһݡɲݣǵȱʧĲ֡
ڣ飬ͼ򵥶ˡ
ֻҪһ²ϴ˳һЩ
ţӦòöʱ䣬ܹƳˡ
֪ͨһӢϻ᳤ٸ׼һٷСĲϡĿо
ʱ䣬ԴŵİʱԼʣʮꡣֻҪ⣬ʮʱ䣬ȫ㹻ˡ


3325 ɵ
ƴвϣѾȷ
ǳƴʧܽᾭ飬ԾԵճɹƳĿȻ󡣶ھ˵ƴѵĵطҳȱȱٵĲϡ
Ӣϻ᳤СĲٴ󣬾ԶԴƣ㿪ʼˡ
տʼƴٶȻҪһЩƴѶȣԱСʵķȲ󡣴еĲϣҲͱСֶѡֻҪֻ֪ҪСҲƴ
ƴǰڣһδεʧܡԲ꣬ѭ򽥽ĳš
ʮŴγԣ
һΣǾԵʮŴγƴһ¯֮ǰѾʧʮ˴ΡȻʧܵĹУԻ˴ľ飬Ҳų˴Ĳ衣
˳

ţȻ˳ĽУһ¯
ķѵܶ࣬ܡ
ֻʣֲˡ
һֲϣľ
ţ
ûʧܵļϣ
ԵĿ⣬Ȼ˸һ¡һԳĺһ۾ǰĵ¯һΣûǰʮ˴ƴĹоѾ֪ʧˡһΣΪֹûʧܵĸо
Ҳ˵һ¯ûгɹɹҲܽˡ
¯ɣĴܲȹ̳͡
žһ¯򿪣һŵҩӵ¯ڷɳϢʱ䡣ʱľԣʵֽŵġ
ɫĵҩ棬нɫ·Ͽոճ¯ĵҩС۷ǳӽֻǴСͬһŵҩȾ֮ǰƳСҪһӡ
ͷųŸոճ¯ĵҩĿת
Ƭ̺󣬾Ե¶˷ܵı顣ɵˣҩ¯ûڿռɢ
ԳЦ
ɹˣңɹˣԼڷǻ
뵤˵ȫһ
˿üͷ˶
Ϸŵҩ뵤˵ȷʵ޶£һ¯ȷʵҲֻɵһšǲĴҲûоԵİաҪֻ֪֤ͨҩЧ
żҼһ¯ƴĹ̹һ˵ͬʱҲȷҵƲȷġ漴һŸոƳĵҩ
ڽָ󣬾һ¯һµʱ䣬һ¯ҩٴαƳм䲢δ⡣
Ĺ̡ûģȷġ
ôҾҪЧˡ۾
֮󣬾ûԥֱӱ㽫ոƳһŵҩ̷ȥ˲Ϣ֮䣬Աһĸоϯȫ
ʶģԴ򣬶һԪļܹϣԴںϡ
չ٣
ֱ
ڽ´½֮ǰõ´µǾԪ֮ǰѾԪ򣬲յԪǰڵ㣬յʮԪ
һԪǰԾںãֻǽһֱȽϻԪҪʱ;κһԪ۶֪һ㡣ڣʮԪٶȣȴЩˡ
κεѵ㣬ӭж⣬޷Ծ赲
ԵʮԪںգۿɼٶڽš
״̬ʱ䡣󣬾ԵоʧںʮԪٶȣҲȻ
ԿǰںϽеıԴ򣬺һ
Чǳˣ
ֱЩ£еģҪίʵ治֪ʲôˣĴ
ҩЧʱ䣬ԼҵӡȻֻ죬ԪĽչȴ˺ôһأԼеЩ̾
ţȷƴɹˣԵ˵һ䡣
û뿪䣬ǼʣĲϣƴ

һʱ䣬Ͼ͵ˣҲ֪Դ۵ĴƵôˣ
˵ԴһֱڱչоƴҿʱƳǲܵ顣
ɾԴȷʵСȻСӦҲпƳİɣ
ǺǣСǱͨɵõɵǱԪʹõĵҩߣܱȣᲢۣ
ڽԴԪڣʱٽԪ֮ǣʼƵ̸۹ھԴƴ顣


3326 Ϸ
ԽԴֹھλԪ֮RԪĻ󣬸λԪ֮еľδ뿪ԴԪ
˰ʱ䡣
ȻԴܷƳԪ֮ûйϵⲻһʱ֪½ηչ
ԴղƳԴʲô˵Դ᲻ͶƱѡӹRԪѡ
ЩԪ֮УղڴһȺˣǷӦΪҵļۿٽЩȲҪԴʧˡ
ڶԪ֮УΪԴƳɴǷڡ
Ѱɵ۲ԴɵǷǳˡûԪԪɵȥ˸о췽ҹ̷
ʱ䵽ˡ
СҲóˣղڴĿž⣬һֱھȷļʱ䡣
Ļ֣ղڴ뿪ȥ˲Ļۡ
ղ֣
˼棬к
Ļ֣ǸȥˡղڴۿŲĻ˵
ãҲд⣡Ļ۵ͷ
Ϊ֮ڣҪĻԪ֮Ļۺղڴһͬ棬ǻȨȻ൱ء
һˣԴ֪ǵ⡣
λѾʦȥ뾰Դ۹ˡԴЦŶ˵
лղڴ˹ֺ
ûܹƳô죿ղڴº̾ĶԽԴʵ
ԲƮƮĽҹ£ҪþԴ۸صĴۡջRԪǱģ
Դü
ĻҲ˵ԴԼŵڣƳңŵ¡Ǿڲƭ˵ò㣬û´ȥɼӰ졣
ΪԴڲƭӦôصĳͷҪ˿ڲƭ³ĻԴǵĵ
Ļ˵һ㶼ûˣܹƿRԪΪһ£ջƿRԪȨȻ󣬴ٿᣬγʹԡղڴ۽˵
һڸԴʩѹǵĽԴƮƮķŹԡ
λ۲ҪżǻǵȾԴ۹Դô˵ɣԴ˵
ԴУҲЩꡣҲûãûƳδ¡

Ծסʱ
Ѿأ̸
ԴۣĽƳˣžԣո˵ɹƳЩš
ţɹˣЦŵͷ
ۣ㿴Խһƿۡ
ƿʢŵģһŴСƣͷһ
Ǵ
ۣھԴЧҪһЩ׼ܹӳߵЧҩЧԼܹʱ䡣Լ˵
۽ӹһƿ˿ֽ仹ԡ
ԴۣƳ˴Щ˾ͿԱˡΪԸеˡ
ۣŴԿԵ
ǲУ̫ˣ˵
Ҫ֣۵ʵԽǿҵİͻԽԣⲻΪ˻㣬ҲΪԼɫ˵
Դۿڣ
ʱ洫ʦ
ʦˣӦǽԴҹȥۣʹŵҩ˵֮󣬱뿪˶
֮⣬ʦվ
ʦԷ֡
Դۣȥһˡʦһ£˵ԴۣǡǵҩƳ𣿡
ʦİɣЦЦ˵
һô˵ʦб׾ԴӦǳɹˡֻǣٻЩš
ԸʦڹʱڹĴ֮ڣĻԪ֮Ѿ֪ղڴۺͲĻˡԪ֮Դλ֮ϡ
ԴˡԴԾԵ˵ͷ
λѡ˹˹֡
ԴۣȲҪˡ㣬ĵҩƳ𣿡ղڴһı飬Ŀⶢžԡ
Դۣ֮ǰŵ㵱ʱ˵ڰڣҪƳûԪ۸ԪĴʱѾˣĴĻ۸ղڴ۶Ծʡ
ǺǣòԴɾҪúýͽΪҪƭǵˡղڴЦһ


3327 ֤
λȱ𣿡̧ü˵
ԼղڴۺͲĻ˾һһûͣ
ղڴۺͲĻϢһ
ǵȻԲ˵㽫ƵĴóɣղڴ۵
ԵĿɨղڴһۣԴ

֮ǰ˵ڰ֮ڣƳʱȥˣѾɹ˳˵
ʲôԴȻһ䡣
һֱڿһ⣬ǾûƳʲôԸ顣ʦãϣƳġϾԴܴƳСֻǣԴۿҪʱ䣬ʱ̫ˡ
˼ںţԴûӦԴ˵ǳɹƳ˴
ղڴ۵ˣ۾ҲȻԲ
ôܣԴۣôƳ
ѾƳЦЦ
漴ȡһʢ˴ƿƿĴȡ˳
ƳĴ˵
ڵĿ⣬ͬʱ۽еĴ֮ϡ
ԴۣںŪСɣղڴۿ˿еĵҩü˵
ȻͷһЩС𲻴󡣻ֻǸһЩСˡ
СǳƣԴ˵ĴѵǴŵСĻҲ˵
Ԫ֮ȻûмſڣĿҲʡ
Դʦһۡ
Դ˿ԾʵԴۣеɵǴ
ǣԵͷ
ܰԪ۲εɵۣԪ򣿡Դʵ
Եģٴεͷ
ԲܡԴóģСˣղڴ۶ԽԴ˵
ҲþԴóĵҩܰԪԪ򡣡Ļ۸˵
Դۣɷ֤˵Ч˵
ҾþԴеĵҩǴ蹤վھߡ
ǺǡЦĿһȦܵڻԪ֮
дֿۣдۡ
ڣдӦ
дۣǰҴӦ㣬ƳһŴҴҵĳŵŴ͸㡣Ի˵
˵仰󣬾ԽŻصƿ֮УȻƿдۡ
дСĵĽӹƿ¡ҲȷǲЧģҲЧԴ˵ˡǣⲻӰ쵽ŵҩ
дۣһСС󡣡ڱд۽ӹֿ˵
Դ˵дæ
ϣдܵʹŵҩ֤һЧԵȻˣд۾òףҲû¡
ʲô׵ģȻԴϣҵ֤ҩұˣֲʲô¡д۾ⲻ⣬ҵ֤ҩЧҲе뷨
дʹôУûɣʽԴ
ţûʲô⡣дֻۣʹŵҩǲӰ쵽СԴظ˾һ䣬ֶԱд۵
лˡд۵ͷ
תԼķ״̬ھò֮ƿȡĴŸոյֵĴ̷ȥ
ղڴ۵ˣһŹ֡
Ϊθñд۵ʹŵҩѵⵤҩǴܹԪԪЧĵҩԸҵ鵤
ǡôƳνĴ
¼䣬Ĵֵҩ
ʹ۵飬ΪѹԴۣҹġʱӦԴ۵ôҲԵõڵԴóĴܿЧ
ģǡģԼôģ
ʱʹֺۣڡ
λۣд֤ЧʱڣλҪӰ쵽дۡ뿪ҲĵߣҪ졣Դ˵
ʱĽԴ
λѡ
Ҳõ̫ãҲͼʱ䣬һ۱ȥˡԿ˵
ھ˵仰󣬴ڱǳװһʱ䣬û˵˸˼ϣǲǵдۿȥһۡ
ӱϿд۵ܣбԴתԴ֮֡⣬ûʲôˡ


3328 һͻ
ڳˣܹ֪дںϱԴ򣬵޷֪ˡ
ǽԴҲܶϤԪ۽ԴںΪԪϸڡ
Ҷڵȴ
Чֻάҡԣǲõ̫á
ʱһĹȥڳĻԪ֮ûκһ뿪ˣۼ֤ԴƳĴǷЧʱƣЧĿҲԽԽԭܼ򵥣ЧĻǱдôܰȵ
ûЧĻдվˣ
ڱдʹùĵ죡
ˣ
һ֮ڴ
еĻԪ֮۾űдۡдǰԴƺѾǺ϶ΪһˡˣôǱдһµԪ
ת˲֮䣬ǵϴݳģѲǱԴĲԪĲ
ͬʱд۾
д۵ĿУ𾪣Ҳпϲ
ݵʱ֮󣬱д۷Ц
վ
лԴۣдۣǹԴ۹
ѾվԪ򡣾Դۣʵǲ֪θл㡣㣬һ֪Ҫȵʲôʱ򣬲ܹյھԪ򡣶ڣҲСԲεĻԪˣдۼĶԾ˵
ȷʵĵĸлԴۣ
дںԴѾܾúܾˣʱ䣬Լǲˡ֮һֱûܳɹʲôʱܳɹҲڣõԴ͵һŴʱ䣬ͳɹˣ
Ȼˣܹ֮ʹһŴñдԪҲΪĵ㹻񡣶ԪգȻһֱûܳɹɾɹʵҲԶˡ֮£õİӶһͻƳɹ
ҪȻҲܽһŴһԪһԪ򡣾ǰںյʮԪҲܳʱ䣬ڴƳ֤ЧҲûʱյʮԪ
дۿˣŴӦõġ㣬ҡԶԱд˵
ڱд뾰ԶԻĹУڳĻԪ֮һ۾ˣ
찡
дۣȻѾСԲεĻԪˣ
⣬ΪԴ۵һŴ
ЧЧˣǳֲǵ
ﵽСԲεıдۣǽˡСԲ벻СԲǲ಻һĴ֮УղڴۺͲĻ۶СԲٳ;⣬ĻԪ֮ɶСԲֻҪСԲʮԪ򣬵λӰǲеġ
ڱдۣҲСԲˣ
дѾ֤ҩЧӦû˰ɣԿԴ
ãðԴɫЩ졣
ԴۣƳĴǷԪǣܿԼʵֻҪһʱ䣬˵ĶսͻͽԴ˷ܵ˵
ƼΪѡ£ǺѴʹõġҡҡͷ˵
޷޷ɵȻܺɵơǣеʱ䡣ܻǿġԴЦ
ţ˵ҲǣԵͷû飬Ҿȸˡ
ãԴȥæɣԴ΢Ц˵
ھ뿪ղڴۺͲĻۻ֮С
λȻСԲεĻԪۡǣǵȻҲոԪյԪԽ࣬ǵʵͻԽǿ󡣿ڣ뾰Դ۵ĹϵӾԴлôǺѵ飬˵ûϣ
дۣĸоΣԴʱдۡ
ҸоǳãдЦЧĺ̫ˡԭΪ㾰ԴƳЧҲֻ΢ûԪۿһЩںϱԴû뵽ںٶȣ˵ľ˰
ܹõһЩĴǡд
˵ҩشΪӦ뾰Դ̸һ̸ղڴһԽԴ˵
̸ʲôԴ
ԴƳ˵Ѿ˴ĵҾãǲǿ뾰Դһ£ĵóȻˣҲҪԴ۰װ׵Ĺ׵ǿԸһԴղڴĿ˵
֪ԼӾеõûϣ뵽취ŪĵƴҪ


3329 ۼǧ
ֻҪеԼԪռĵʦǣҲƳ
Ҫģǵҩĵ
ղڴ˵仰֮ڳжԪ֮
ղڴ˵ûҲãԴӦýĵ׳Ϊ˵棬Ӧз׾Ļ۽ſ˵
ֻ¾ԴûвĻôߵľ򰡣лԪ֮Ц˵
˳棬ȻǴһȰ˵žԴֵܹء˵ҲǰáղڴҲ˵ˣǻԴ˶һЩԴǡĻ۾˵
λԪ֮εĿ⿴Դ
þԴ۽ȷʵҪԴ档򣬱ղڴۡĻۣԾԴ̫壬ܱȾԴ۽ĵ
R۱ɱ⻹ûȥá
ԴλԪ֮
ղڴĵһʱ䣬ԴȷʵЩĶˡܹõĵȷʵͷˡ΢һ˼ǣԴô˾ٲס
ǾԴۣȻױвȵˡԴʵСʱR۾ûԣȾԴ۽ĵܻܿþԴ۱ŭӶѡһּҵķʽӦˡˣҪԴս
ά˵ȶҪڵһλ
˵ԴãܹӾԴлôġ
ղڴǾܹþԴ۽ǲȥҾԴ̸̸˵Ҹ˾Ϊܲ׵Դҡҡͷղڴ˵
ղڴɫ΢΢һ˿Դ
ˣѾȷԴܹƳˡû飬λ뿪ˡԴ漴˵
ǣ
ˡ
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ʦԴĿʦ
ϣԴƵĴҵ˵ΪҪܵõԪ򣬱׵öࡣʦ˵
ǰֻ֪ǡ֪ԴۣԸԸҴԴü˵
ϣҿȥʾԴۡΪԴܹƳȽ϶ĴӦòܾһЩϵġʦŽԴ
šԴͷ
ȥԴ۰ɣԴͷһת˵
̫ҪֵȥԴۡ

Եʱ
ۣоΣʻۡ
ۣѾù͸һŴ
ԴۣЧֲ̫ˡ̶̼ʱ䣬ҵĽͷǳ޴һֱյԪѾǳӽɹˡ˷ܵԾ˵
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Դۣ˼ô˵ԻԪ۲εɵ˵ҪκԴ޷ȡ˵
˵ţԴ㵽ˡ
ԽԴԵҲеЩ⡣Դô֪žûʦ̸¡û뵽ȴǽԴˡ
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ԴۣҴ˴ι㣬Ϊ˴Դֱӣûκεķϻ
ԴۣܹƴϣԴһЩҡԴ˵۸⣬ҪʲôԴҲֱ˵ֻҪҵõұ㲻ϧ
ˣ
˵ʵʦҶһֱаһֱǵáԿŽԴ˵
ҿ㡣ⵤҩƼѣ͡ԣϣǻ١˵
û⣬ֻҪоͺܺˡԴܸ˵˵
ԴۣһŴҪ֧ʯʣԴ漴ʵ
һСļ۸񣬶ﵽϰʯˡһŴļ۸񣬿»ߵ˸е
Ļһö͡ǧʯɣ΢һ˵
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һ¯ֻܳɵһšһ¯ʳɱԼǶʮʯӡ
ʮʳɱĵҩۼǧʯ
֣ȻԴѾ׼ɻǰһ۸񣬶˵ЩԲԴ۵˼ˣ۸񻹻ߡ


3330 ؾԻԪ
ղڴǼԪֻ֮³ٶʯԴҲὫǣ
Դĵ˿
žԣʵԴۣпд
֮ǰڹһŴдۣԾкܻܿƺõĴߴǧʯĵۣҲù
һţԴżҪҲԽɵø㡣Ц˵
ãԴѪӿ̲סһӡ
ȡһռ䱦ǧʯԡϴΪ˾СԴҲ׼˲ʯֻܵóǧʯ
ԣǽһʢ˴ƿԴ
Դ˿ȻĽżֵǧʯɵ
ԴۣһҪһ¡ղڴǣеĴԴ˵
ҪҵĵǺǡЦЦ˵ҵҪʲôֶΡ
֮ҪСһЩԴ
ţ֪ˣлѡԵͷ˵ʵǵõҲҲܹƴĵʦƴ˵̫ˡȻҲܴеõĵ
׼ˣԴۣҾˡԴǡ
Դߺ󣬾۾Ŀ
ղڴ۵˲鷳ҲˣЩ˸ˣʲôֶΣȫ̽˵ĵ
ʱԵǻһЩġϴγ֮ǰһƳʮ¯ҲʮšԼһţ͸һţ͸дһţԴһšʮŴʣš

ԴۣҪؾԻԪʾԡ
ǰϴθʦԴԪδȥ˵
RԪǱô죿RԪ֮ڣȽҡ˵
ӾԵõRԪȨ󣬻ҲһЩ˼RԪRԪڲȷʵȽϻҡR䣬RԪȺ׵״̬
û£λؾԻԪ̫á֮ұǰRԪʱ򣬻Ҫ۰ҡԶԻЦЦ
Уʱ㵽Ԫ˵һǡ۵ͷ˵ţҲûһ˻Ԫϴ͸ʮСûȥһ£һЩϣԪ۵ɵۡ
۵󣬾Աȥ̻ߵ۹ܲӢϻ᳤
ǰһʱ䣬ԾͶӢϻ᳤Դ׼ؾԻԪȻҪЩԴȥЩǿĵ۱Ԫ챦ԴҪΪԻԪ׼ġ
ԻԪԪռ䣬̫ˡԪռ䣬Ԫ֮⣬һ۲εɵ۶ûУʵǺһЩҪôԴܿģһЩԪ۲εɵۡȻԼ׽ߣõԴͻᡣ
̻ᣬһΣķ˳һʯ˺ĸϡȱԴǾԻԪܹõϵĶ
ЩԴͨԴԪ뾰ԻԪ֮ĻԪͨؾԻԪʹûԪͨͨҪɷõģԪĻԪͨԻԪ֮ѿš
ԪͨתʹãҪĴġÿһߣķѵΪˣҲ£Ԫͨܶÿһ߶ʹá

ԻԪ
ڵľԻԪʮԪͨ˵ĸԪռ䣬лԪͨղڻԪĻԪҲ˻Ԫͨ
컯񹬺ͥ쵼֮£ԻԪķչһֱȽȶȻ뿪һʱ䣬ԻԪڲδʲô¡
ԪߣȻһ档Ԫ֮Դóףʼհѳ컯񹬺ͥС
ৣ
ԴӻԪͨһ˳ʱѾصԼĻԪռ䡣
ڻԪͨһˣͥء
ͥӣǺ齨ģֱӹͥͳ졣
ͥӷ˴ӻԪͨΧ˹ЩͥӵĳԱɵ۲εߡǣʱǣȻǳš
Ѿǹȥļʶˣ֪Ԫ֮⻹ԪзǳµɵۣͥǸǿɵۡԣ˴ӻԪͨǻ޷ƵĽšڣЩҲûʲô˻ԻԪ
ϴһЩԻԪʦĴ¹ġЩˣԻԪԪ֮ĻԪͨɺ󣬱㶼뿪˾ԻԪҲûַԻԪ
ۣӵĳԱԺһ۾ϳ
Ǿȵı飬ܿϲáˣǵĻԪ֮Դۡ


3331 ǿԪƻ
һͥʿæԼ
԰˰֣Цλˣ
ûжڸһʧЩͥʿǰ
Դۻˣ
ǲǣӦôѶͥ
ԶԶԣͥĴ֪Ҳи׼

ӽԴԪԻԪĻԪͨھԻԪһ˵Ľڵ㣬ͥԶ뿪ڵ֮󣬲ûֱȥͥ
ֱ˲ƻصԪ˼ڵĶ
һˣ붴Ծʹһ
ಡ
һӰٳ֣ߡ
߷ѩϾоԵĸĸԼһ˫ŮѩãɵۡҹɵۡŮȵԱȫԵǰ
ÿ˵ϣ¶ϲõı顣
Ȼ֪ʱ뿪˻Ԫռ䣬ȥ˻Ԫ֮⡣ڻԪ֮⣬ŷǳǿߺΣաڿԻǵǰǵȻָˡ
๫
ף
ԴۣһȺˣ뾰˵
ߣǽ˵ҿʱûнЦŻ˵
ʵһξ뿪ʱҲ̫Ȼ̿࣬ھϻûԵ֮·ԽڣԽǻȻȱԴҲ˵ġԻԪڵļԴЩǿĻԪռ䣬Ƿǳѷġ
ʵԴھԻԪܵͣǾԵˣõʵҲǵµһֶѡ
ǶŬˣԻԪԴԻѷһЩǵĽٶȣǻһЩڴϿһ˵ľ󣬾ҡҡͷ˵
ԣʱȥĻԪռ䣬ЩԪռ䶼ǿ𣿡Ͼʾԡ
ţЩԪռ䶼ǳǿɵ۲εߣࡣĻԪۣв١Եͷ˵
һ˲Դ˵
˵䣬óԴո˵ʵֱ𷢷šʵһԴÿ˶õ˲١
Ͼɵ۾磬Իѡ̺ԴƷܸһЩԴ
ԼļˣԵȻҪرչˡ
ԻóһЩСڲԴؼʱʹô˵
ڶڣ˼һʱ䡣
ʱͥĲԶ۵˻칬ˣҲڵõϢ󣬴ѶѯһЩǲҪǰţȹʱ侰Իټǡ
һʱ󣬾ֱӵ컯񹬡
Դۣ
һɵ۵ˣǰ컯ӭԡ
ţԵͷ¶Ц˵뿪Ԫռʱ䣬Ƕúܺãˣ
ǲ˵Լࡣ
λһҪ飬Ҫת˵£غҾԻԪ𣡡
ԴԸ˶Ӧ
żͥǱߵ˵˺˵Ե컯֮ǰѾѶͥǱߵĲԶ۵ˣǸԪ컯񹬡
ʱ䣬ԶҲӦÿ쵽ˡ
Ȼ󣬲Զͥ۱㵽컯񹬣ǰ
ʱĴڣۼԻԪǿһȺɵۡУֻоһǻԪۣ˶ֻѰɵۡ
λԳ
˶š
һ뿪ǵĻԪռ䣬ȥĻԪռ䡣ȥһˣ֪ǵĻԪռǶôСЩǿĻԪռ䣬޷ȡ
ԣҾбҪٵ׳ǵĻԪռ䡣Ի˵
뾰ԴʾԶ۳
Ԫǿ󣬲Զ۵֪һЩġȥԪ֮󣬱㼸ѹԪڵһǿߡ
ҵ˼ǣһԪ⡣
ԪãǼǿǱߣصࡣ
ҪɵۣĻԪۡ˵ģĻԪۣԪߣ˵
ԴۣҪԪ⣬ȻҪ޾ԴгԴܶЩǱ߽صࡣһɵۣҪԴǼӴġΪǻԪڵЩÿϽһԴԪڡ˵
˼˰Ԫ⿪Դ
ҪߣȻԴԴҪԪ⣬ǾͲѰı⣬ǻԪԴı⡣Դš
˵ģһð취ǰڿܻһЩͥ컯˫ֺЩССò˶þͻϰߡܡԶ۵ͬİ취
Ԫó⣬ôˣԻһתʵóס


3332 Ա
ͥ컯񹬿óףóȡ˰գⲿԻǲٵġ
ͥ컯񹬵ְܶת䣬ߵתҲҪķѴԴⲿֺķѵԴȻǴӹ֧ͥĲԶ˺컯񹬵ˣӹȡнꡣ
Դۣó׵ó׷϶ԾԽһ顣
ҪģĻԪ⣬ֻó֧ȡԴԶԶġԴۣǵ취ظ;˵
Դۣͥ컯񹬶ԻԪƿϼǿҾãʱʺ϶ȫԪ˰ġԴǻԪ֮ԪǾԴ۵ġЩССССңռһƬƬ򣬿ƴȵԴЩǴġǿɻȡ棬ҲӦϽһ֡Զ۳˵
ǵ˼ס
ǣӻԪ˰գǵĻԪռ䣬ٵǿʢҡҡͷ˵
ԴۣȻܹٵĻȡԴڵġԶҡҡͷ˵ǾԻԪֻоԴһԪۡ
ԴۣǶûԪǿʢ̣޷һ͡⣬ţȷķʽһҪܶʱ䡣˵
Ի˻֣˲Ҫ˵
Դ棬
컯񹬺ͥ棬ʱ񣬾ǽ⽨лԪڵߣ֪Ĵڣ塣
ҪƶϸµĹ򣬴ﵽʲôܹ뱦ȡӦԴ
ⷽĹǶо顣˵
˶üҲĿžԴۡ
ǺýҲ˵Դô죿Դһ˽еԴ
ԴȻǻԪǻԪ֮һóԴԪռ䣿
㡢ԶǰԶ˵
ͲԶ۶һۣԡ
óһռ䱦˳ֵݸ
ԻԪ֮ڣ֮ǿɵˣҲǻԪΪӽԪ۵ɵۡʵԶۡһɵ۵ˡ
вԴǽ㡢࣬ЩԴȽĳνԶԶ˵
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ʶģ̽ռ䱦
һС
һռ伫Ŀռ䱦˸Դľˣǳı
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Զۼɫ䣬һԽһ
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ԶҲһС
֮ڵɵۣ
ͲԶôˣ
뵽ǾԴóԴǳ࣬󣬲ŻͲԶʧ̬
Ժ󣬻ԴԴϵдԴʵǻԪ֮СЦЦ˵
ԴۣЩԴ̫ˡ㡭Ǵʲôطȡģ̧Ŀʾԡ
ǲҪʣа취ҪǣþԻԪǿ˵
ԴۣⱦӦýԱ⡣ǽлԪ⣬̫ͳģˣܲáԶ¶ЦݣźۼһǾƨ
Ȼ˵Ҳԡ
ԴǾԴһṩӦýоԱдӱеõôߣ֪˭ļǻԪ֮Դۡ
ԡЦŵ˵ͷ
Դۣ⾰ԱλãӦʵ
϶ϣԪڣԶۿ϶ҲϣԱڰԪȻԪͺ϶Ϊһվһ˵ԪûͲԶҲȡԱԼĵط
Ա⣬עΪԻԪĺġԺ󣬾ԱڣԻԪġ
λãڱ߽λðɣڹ⣬˫ͬˡ΢һ˼˾
ǣͲԶ۶ͷӦ
ˣһʱ䣬Ǿһ¡죬ʹϸƶԵԶͥǱߵˣʱ컯¡
ϸƶú󣬽顣û⣬ǾͰִбǡֵ
ǣԴۣڵ˶Ӧ
½˳
㣬һ¡Զ׼뿪˵
ͣסŲתԴۡ


3333 
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㣬ԱԴգﵽĵزˣ
ǾԻԪ֮ڣӴֵߡҲΪˣʵڲԶ֮ϡ
ԴԪͨԺҲԴҲ˳˺ܶ࣬սŰԴˡشԵ⡣
ֻǣ֪ԴΪͻȻ
ŰԴ򣡡
ţˣͷ
ʲôˣԡ
ͻһΪԪ۲εɵˡ˵
ΪԪ̫ˣͿʼںϱԴ򣬵չһֱڵĽȣȫԸںϣȻҪǳʱ䡣Цҡҡͷ
ҪһЩЦЦ
ȥȡһƿ
ۣʲôӹƿ
һŵҩܹԪ򡣴˵Ҫϧʹá˵
лۡԹ
ڵȻ֪ĿֲЧʶΪԴóĶܹþԴ۶ӵĵҩ϶Ѱɵܹȡ
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ûгɣֳԴԴ򣬴ںϵĹСѾںԴϣķľʱ䡣ʱһ谭ǧ֮á
ȫںѾԶˡԸ֪һںϵԪ򣬵ͷ˵
ˣҸһŵҩЧܳҵʱ䡣ȥʹŵҩչУ֮ҽչԶ˵
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ʹôںԪչܿ죬ǾԴٸٳΪԪۡЧ̫룬ԶʱھͲٸ
뿪󣬱ӾԵķԸչ״̬
е֮У׼ҪԴȻ󽫴ȡ
ûһɵԴۺɵӦһЩЧİɡϥţеĴ
ûʱ䣬ڵ״̷̬еĴͬʱǰԴ
ڴҩЧ߶֮£һںԴ򣬽ȼ졣ԭѵ㣬Ҳǲϵ߽⣬ЩѵͺͻȻ֮һ㡣
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ֱʱоζԴ۸ҩЧ
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һ㣬ĻԪ֮ľ롣
ֻ΢ĳɺĲںϣҪһ
Ȼû˴Чӳ֣ȻҪһ¡
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αչسµʱ䣬ЩƣҲûȥӰ
ٴμ̾͸Ӧϵı仯лԪ۵Ϣ
Դۣǰ
ԪˣĿ
ǵģѾһԪ򡣡ͷϲ֮飬Ա
Դۣҵĵҩ̫ˡʹŵҩ֮ԪĽȣ񡣡˵
ţЧȷʵǺܺáЧֻܳҡ˵
ǵģ˵ġɵЧֻʱ䡣ڵҩЧʧ֮ҶԪգҲǵ˳ɹıԵֻһ㡣ʱУһָоԼԪûѡ̳أǼաԾ˵˼ʱ䣬ҾȻĳɹԪ򡣡


3334 
Ԫ򣬾ǻԪۡ
ȻĿǰһԪ򣬵ʵѵõʵ
ҲǾµһԪۡ
Ƿǳ˵ģһõĿˡ˵ʵҲû뵽ֻһŴܹΪ۲εɵۣԭʹôЧܺõĻٴδġ
ܺãǳãԵ˵ͷҲϲɫ
ΪԪۣǵһȫµĴ̨ĻԪռ䣬ֻгΪԪۣԼĵλͿռ䡣
ǾԴ۴ɵ޷һԪ򡣡˵
ֻǼΪԪ۵ʱ䡣԰˰֣˵ˣæˡͳﾰԱĽ죬Ҳĺܶࡣ
ԴģһὫȫľʱ䣬ڽ쾰Ա档˵
Ա⣬غԻԪ

ԪĽĳ
һӴĽڿٵĽ֮С
ͥ컯񹬣˲ٵֺ֣Ľ
ûǾԴҪľԱ⡣
ȡԱԴ͹涨Զ۵ˣѾƶһȽƵĸ졣ңҲѾûд©صĹҲһӾܳģԺҪĵ
ڵĸ죬⽨֮󣬾ԱͿԳͶʹá
ԱϢҲھԻԪڴˡ
Ԫ򣬰ԪĴ½ңõϢطĹԱƵĻҪøѶϢһΣ컯񹬺ͥѳֵöΪϸκҪ־ԱĶֻҪ֣ȫɱҡ֮С

ڽı⽨ʱԶ۵ˣк
Զѣλѣæˡ˵
⼸ȥһֱû㡣һͥЦ
ƶʱʼû¶档
ʱ䣬ұչˣǾԴ۵˼һ䡣
Զ˶Щ⣬ʱ䣬ȻչأңǾԴ۵˼УȻԭġ
ҲûʲôرģǾԴۼҾԪԶһɵұչسһ¡Цż˵ûйԴ۵
仰Զͫ׶Ȼһ
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ʵҵȻ֪ԪڣԴ⣬ǿܽӽԪ۵ĲΣҲô˵ģʲô˼ûйԴ۵ƺ˵ѾԪ򣬽Ԫ۵Ĳˣ
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ڳģǻԪǿһȺɵˣ϶ڽбԴںϣԪҲΪˣҲͷǳԪѶȡ
Ȼ֮ǰ˵˽⣬ҪԪ򣬾ԲǶʱġ
˼ǡԪ򣿡Զ۵ɴ۾ȷʵ
ˣҲ컯ߵһɵ۵ˡ
ǰѾһԪ򡣡ͷ
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ڳˣɫˡ
ɵʲôɵԴУʲôɵȻܹˣ
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˵ǣ
ţһȫԸþԴ۽ǵ顣
ѹеļ˵
ʵǰ˵ЩҫǣԴ۵⡣ԣҪһĿ꣡

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3335 RԪ
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3340 ʾ
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Ʋ۱ʾڵļ֮󣬱һЩˣۣͨΪƲ顣
ŵ˼ǣϣԴܷŹƲۣٸƲһλ֮Ļ
ЩȫǣҲӦ

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3341 ʩѹ
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3342 ۹
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3343 ô
ʱĻ֮⣬ҲвϢͨߣлԪ۲εɵۡ
Щ˶˵֪ԱȽ϶ࡣ
Դ۹RԪͨġ֮УԪ֮ҪRԪԴȻѾùRԪȨȡһЧԪ֮ɾл˵ˡ
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ǰ۹־ԮԴۼɱƲۣҲס
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ܿģԵ˵֮ϡƲۣѹ棬ԵüΪǱƲۿԵʱĿеĻٶȼ
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3344 ͺܲ
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3345 
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3346 ʵʩ
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ѷ֣λѾȷ
ҪЩСܴˡ۾˵
󣬵ֵ֮Ϣ󣬿϶о޴
СãǱͼЩļз֮СЩ϶Լͷһ䡣ǣǧټƵĿܡ
ԴۣЩ۹棬Щ۹Ȼ̫ܡ۳˵
ԼǣһЩǿĻԪ۹ֱܻӷҪǿѹֻ»ᡭ秿´ü˵
ؼǣһ۹۹ͺֱܻܿӷٺǵ˵
ԴۣҾÿѭ򽥽Щ۹Ȩڿʼʱֻߵ۹ȨЩ۹ִ̫ȻģټӴԵ۹Ŀơۿž˵
۵˼ǲʳ۹Ȩ
˵е
⣬Ҳ˼ǹ˵ģһȽ׵İ취ķѵʱ̫̫ˡԻ˵
Կɲʱ䡣
Ϊ˽ʹĵִҽһ۹չ֮ǰѾ˵㣬ҽһ¡Զ۵
ǣٴվ
ֱ֮ÿһƬ򡣶ڵĵ۹һϵͳԵɼۺϷӰػкܶ࣬ȡÿһ۹Ŀǰʵ˵һ۹Ȼ̫ǿ󣬿չ٣ôԵõ϶ķ
ÿʱ䣬һѡۺϷǰеĵ۹õԪ۹ͳ۹пܵõһεķչ
۽۹չŵĶ˵˵
ջԵܴһ֣Щĵִ
ȻˣҪȫǽܣ۹չջǲġ뵽ʵʩʱ򣬱ضзȣӦûСܶࡣǻܹʱĹĿѹͲ
ڻоԴۣλۣλ۰֮ۡ⣬лۺԪۡҪѹֲķӦû⡣
һ۵˶ãкܴϣܳɹ
ʱ飬ԺۣһΪʵʩ
ţ£ȲҪȥ
֮ͶˣѶԪе۹ĵڣִ¡ţڵ۹չĹ򣬽ºĻϹһԸ˵


3347 
ƿRԪٻԪ򣬲׵顣ǣߣRԪĻԪۡ˵RԪڵߣԾԴ۵ٶų⡣
ΪʲôڸոRԪʱټе۹ĵǾԲ룬вͨ
ģǽ¡м۵ĸRԪʩһЩƻ׵öࡣ
ھóɵרһ۹չһټЩ£е仯˵ر𡣾һЩ۹ĵȻҲûϵֻҪˡ
ڤ粻ļһԲϺķ̫ʱȥлԣֶΣЩ谭ԼRԪ˻
½֮ۺͶۣ㿪ʼָһ۹ѶЩ۹ĵʱ֮ڵִֵ۹չˡ
ڻ۳ǵһ֮⣬һݡݣǻִй١
Ҫܶࡣ

Ҫڸϵ۹չ
۹չʲô
Ϊ۹õһ
ǺǣԴͨһЩ𣿡
ҾͲȥ
Դ۵ֶΣúܰƲۣѾնɱˣ
ΣǶȥѵɱˣ
ȵȣ۹չĽ
˻
RԪڵһ۹ȺӵԻĴѶʱһЩ۹Բ֪۹չĽʲôЩΪ⡣ǣһϢ˵۹չĽǾ֮סˡ

ǴСڣҲܴӾԴлáȲ˵С
ȥȥ⣬ƺ׾ˡԿ϶βȥȲ˵᲻Դ۵ıǲԼһˡ
һ˵ջǰŴңôж˻ΌأֻиĵȥǾԴۻں
ȥԴǽԴ˻RԪĴۣڵϣǶӾԴ۵ĹھԴҪǰ£ôܲȥ
Ʈ˪۹ĵڵ۹ڲϣ˵
Ʈ˪۹RԪʮԪ۹֮һ۹ĵͬǻԪ۲εɵۡ
֮ǰͼ۹۹ǰҪԴͷƲۣƮ˪۹С
վͳǰԴۡƮ˪˵
۹ڵһɸ߲㣬Ҳ֧Ʈ˪ľ
ȻҪȥˣΪҲȥβȥԺ۹¾Ͳ̫лõˡ۹ĵ˵
ʱ䣬е۹ĵЩִ󣬵һ¾ԴۣϣԼܹԴһõӡ
ͼ۹Ԫ۹ԵЩΡΪѾԴ˲ٵӡ󡣲Ԫ۹ĵȻ˻
RԪʮԪ۹ĵʱڵִ
ʮԪ۹֮⣬жʮ˸۹ʮ˸۹ĵֻһ۹ĵû۹Ҳû۹ľʦˡ۹ĵ֮ûΪûRԪ֮ڣҶʱҲϲ
µǰһ죬۽صԻ㱨

ĿǰǱȽ˳ġ
Ȼ˶ˣվͿʼʶɡ㣬֪ͨȥڵ峿¡Զ۷Ը
ǣӦȥ
ڶ峿۹ĵ½㡣
ۡ۵ȻۣҲһһЩ۹ĵ붫۵˴к̬ȿ϶ЦݡǶۣԵˡ۵ȼˣҲ۽ܸЩʶЩȻǺ䵭̬ȡ
ԭܼ򵥣ǾԴ۴RԪģRԪߡ
ԴˣҲΪ⣬ҲûúΡ
μӴ˴λģۺڵ⣬лԪ䳾ۡ۵ˣμ£䳾Ҳ֮һҲҪμӴ˴¡
ǲǻԪ䳾𣿡ʶ䳾۵˲١
䳾ǻ¼ΪҪĳԱڴڣв˶Ǽ䳾۵ġ
ҲΪˣǲɻ󣬻Ԫ䳾ۣѵҲҪμ£


3348 Ч
˽²䳾ԭ
֪۴¼ԪRԪյ£۵Ȼμӡѵ䳾ѾתͶԴˣ
Դ۵
ʱۼԴ߳ʱߺһ
ڳˣȫվ
ݼԴۣ˹
Ȼǲμ˻飬Ǿ˵ǱѾϿ˾Դۡôģ϶ԴΪԪ֮
ǵ۹չ϶Լûʲôϵˡ
Ҳض񣬶ɣЦЦ˵

ֵĻ飬Ҫ˵ģǹڵ۹չľ򡣡Ի˵
۹չRԪڵĵ۹ѡμάȻԸģܾѡҲǿԵġ˵
ûκһ۹ҪȨ
۹չȡƶȡÿʱ䣬佱һΡʤߣɵõĽ
ֵһɻһŴֵڶɷֱСֵĵɷֱһСֵߵʮɻȵʯʮ֮ĵ۹ҪٽԼ˵
ڳˣ˵Ľһ۾졣
Ȼֻǰܹõ۹չʱͰ䷢һΰʱ䣬ɵ˵Ŀ˵Ǻܶݡ
òܵõСҲǳð
ŵһôǡ
Դ۴۰
ڳģ˭֪Сжô󡣱ʯ򵽡֮ǰԴڽԴԪٰһСᣬСһСĳʯ
Դۣ֣μأǷԽǿĹңõĻ־Խࣿһ۹ĵվʾԡ
ȫԴۣ⣬ȻеĵġЩ۹ǰʵЩ۹϶޷Ԫ۹ȡ
ǿ󣬻һЩơƣԶԱ֤ȡʤϵͳۺԵģȫλġ
Ҿٸ򵥵ӡһң³һɵۣԵõһĻ֡һµĻԪۣõĻ־ͻࡣȻֻڶ෽ʽеһֵ÷ַʽ
ĸϸ򣬴ҿͨ۹չֲ˽⡣ֲᣬڱλɻִй۷С˵
Դ۵ĽͣЩ۹ĵһޱȡһ˵Щ۹ҲлһһġȻˣЩԪ۹ͲܸˡԪ۹һʮǰǿֻҪʮҾڣʮһ۹չ
λһ㣬ҪصĽһ¡
һ㣬ҪϵͳΪصһ㡣ǣȶԽȶôּӳɾͻԽߡϣλȶһ㡣
ҿԺȷ˵һڲȽϻңսҡôҾǿĻԪ۹ҲܽǰʮԻȫ
Դۣҵˡڵ׷Ӧ
棬Ҫ˵һ⡣
Ҵ㣬RԪΪ򡣡˵ʱֱһ֮ӿڿռһӴͼ
ռӴĵֵͼǰۡ۵˶Ѿˡ
ǵһǵڶǵ򡭡ָ㶯һƬƬ򣬽
ʱ򣬵ǵɫʼòÿˡ
һЩ˵񣬶ҶǴˣǾѾ֪ԴҪʲôˡ
ԴۣҪЩ۹
ۣΪһۣΪڶ䳾ۣΪϾ
Խѡ֮ڳĵǣϢ͸ˡвٵѾ¶ŭı顣
Դۣ䳾ǻԪ߰ɣѵ䳾ѾRԪˣһʵ
䳾۲ûмRԪܳһʱ䣬ܻĹӶεԿ
ôԣ
УԲУ
ԴۣĻ֣̫ˣ뾰Դջء
ǰҪҲӦôӳ顣٣ЩˣȨС
ڷǳҡ
ЩģĻ֣Ӱ쵽Щ˵ȨȥЩֱɵİǻԲǹڲ񡣶ʩ򻮷֣Ժÿ춼Ҫܵͷļܡ
ЧԵһ


3349 ѹ
ڵĵǣĿⶼžԣǴӾԴ۵иܵ˺⣡
Ч
RԪʩ򻮷֣Կǰ϶ˡܵýܣҲýܡ
λѣ
ʵԪռλҲû̫Ӱ졣һ㲢ָ۹ڲ񡣡΢Ц˵
ǰ£ʸ۹λչԼĹңǰҲ̫𡣡
Դ۷۹չΪ˷չRԪ
ۣ½Щ
Ƕˣһӿ϶Խܡֹ񣬿ͷʼһ˫۾ţָоǳĲá
˵ٲһ㡣۹ĵҲлΪ׳һذϢ
ԴۣЩҲܵһʵ
ûǻԪ۹ǳ۹ĵлġܲܵҪԼˡԵͷ˵
ҪܳΪأ̧üžԴʵ
ֻһͨĿ˺;顣˵һ䡣
ͺͳˣΣĿһϣһҵĵǻԪ۹ĵȻҲǲȵġRԪһͷÿһ򣬶ĴССֻܹԼңȴǿԹһ
ڵ۹ĵ½뿪
Щ뿪Ǹӵģ۹չϲãĻͷµûš
һЩǴŷǳŭ뿪ġھԴǰǽŭӲѹȥⲻǲһЩйеŭ
ڻĵڶ죬֮⣬һʯʯ֣۹RԪĵ۹ڰ֮ϡÿһ۹ֺ棬һǧֵ
ǵ۹չĻְÿһ۹ĳʼΪһǧ֡
󣬾ԽټǰǼԼʥÿһʥλãѡ񣬵ԼϽĴ֮ڡңҪչԼϽĴмء
ȻǿļʥĹԱļԱĴֻҪִй١һۼɡ
RԪڣһʱͻ䡣
̶µʱ䣬ĳΣγɡЩԣڽ֮УʥٵĽ

۹
۹Ĺʹ֮ڣ۹ĵǰǵ۹һɸ߲Ա
׼𣿡ͳʵ
£Ѿ׼ϣʱԶ֡˳
۹һĵ۹ڵ۹ڲδԪ۲εɵۡ۹ʵҲǷǳǿʢģˣǼӽԪĴڣǶ˴ıԴ򣬾Ԫֻۣһ֮ң
ǾͶְɣһ˵
£ǲصĿһ£һ֣¾ûлˡһ߲Ŀ⿴˵
ʲôһߡ
Ƕ֮󣬺ܿܵõӦʱ򣬱Ԫռ䣬ᱻȼǾԣ˵ù𣿡һߣЦ˵׼ôãΪľǵڡȥ̶֣
ǣڸ߲ԱӦ
һѶϢȥ۹ڶǿ߳뿪۹ܱϯȥ
սˣ
۹ܱߣڶСҺСһҹ֮䣬ͱ۹ǿΪƽءߣ
ۣҴԡ
Դۣ۹Ǳ߳ˡ۹ݻܱСҺĿǰΪֹѾгʮСҡ۹ݻ١ټĶԾ
۹һ
ˣ۹ֻһ۹ڲһԪ۶ûСǣôң˵
ݳյϢ۹֧֡ѾصһЩ۹۷ŭ˵䱳󣬾һ֧֣δȷϡ
šԵ˵ͷЩˣ
Ҹǻᣬʵʵķչǣȴϧһ١ٶսҵġЦ
õĴ۹ҡԻֶ۵
ǣӦ
ܿģ۾͸ϵ˻ھԴ۵ǰ
磬ѹϽĴڷҡĿۡ
۹λãڵĴ֮ڣҲ۹ϽĴ֮ڡҲջúܣ򻮷֮󣬵һĴ򣬾ȻϽĵĴ


3350 
ۺջ
ҳϽĴ֮ڣΡ˵򻮷ָոʩУδҵֻϽĵĴˡ
Դۻ᲻ʲôõӡ󣿻᲻Ϊ㣿
ǣ۴Ӧ
δǾͲҪٶˡԴ۵̬ѾȷңҪѹ
۹Ȼ͹ֲҷˣ۴ŭ𣬳˻
뿪һߴѶԼʥʥڹԱ۹ϭģһȥRԪĻۡ
Դȷ˵ۿΪṩսȻˣҪԹӶʽû۰æҪ֧͡
ۼ֮󣬻ûκԥɳԪ۰ۡ
۹ֻһ۹ڲһԪ۶ûСԪ۽ή٣ѹ۹׾١
Ĵʥ۹ϭ֮RԪĿ⣬Ƕ۽˹ĴʥķӦ֮죬˾˵
۹ߵжſʼǵڶ죬ӦͶⷢ˶۹ϭġңϭ֮Уǽ۹ΪΪҡ⣬Ȼ˵ж塣
ಣ
ۣµĻԪۣ˲ƸԼϽĴ
ûãĸԪۣǵִ۹Ĺ
Ҳû뵽ʥķӦ֮졣䱳ˣͬû뵽۹ֻǶܱսδֱʥͻɾ۹ڵڶͱĴʥΪҡ
ң֤ȷ䣬Ĵʥ飬̡ùس־ܽߣ򣬸ɱۣ
۵쳹۹Ĺ
ڻʹ֮ڣһеɫʱɷסѾθ˴ѶȣδõκεĻӦ
䣡
۵ԪۣѾڹ۹ʹ
ʹڵԱʱ̻̲֪Ӧԡ
ЩùسһҲԼĸ֮ۡڡ
Ԫ۵Ĺ֮£۹ʹδֶܼʱ㱻ơʱŴһڷɳ۵ˡ
ˣ֪ˡҡܵ۹вȰ
۹RԪʮ۹֮һȥвԣҪͷƲ۵ĵ۹У۹ҲС
֪ˣαصһȡ
£۱Ƕ֡ȻʵǿվǻԪۣʸĻԪǰ赲֮ŸֶΣҲǵסоͱɱڻʹ֮ڡ
۹ĸ߲ȫʹϡ
۹ңڼ̵ʱ֮ڣͱѹҪԱƣЩҪܽһСЩߣȫǵɱ
㣡
Դۣ۹ңѾѹԻ㱨ոյѶϢ
֧۹ģ۹ʾ۹ǷҪȡҵֶΡۿ˿ԡ
۹ʮԪ۹֮һҲûеõԵ֮֡
԰˰ֵʥټȥˣֻ۵۹֡
ǣﾰԴ۵
Լʥ۹ĵ
۹Թȥʥ˵ģЩľǻŭҪ۹۹ܵסʥʸڷ۹κεĽӴҳŵµô¡۹и߲Ա۹ҵ飬һὫҳʥá
ͽһˣһ۹ĸ߲Ա
ҲˣǱƳĵùȻʶȤҲͷֻǿ۳۹ٵ۹֡
£ЩͷʱϨˡ
ǿ˻˻ĹϡûˣΪڶ۹ʧٵ۹֡õͨ£۹Ҫڵһ۹չϻúõΣǲʵֵˡ
RԪƿٵǿʥҲ𽥵õRԪϿɡ
ʱٵţһв죬ԵʼʱԪ򣬲ż
һգ˵ʦRԪԡ


3351 ı󵤷
ʦִԳӭӡ
Դۣ
ʦ
˼棬໥к
ʦͻȻRԪԽʦӭЦʵ
£˵ԴRԪ飬ԱʦЦ
RԪ飬˴ˡԾԻRԪĿȨһЩԪ֮㶢RԪ޷ƺRԪǶRԪı仯һ
ԴȻҲǹעRԪģô˵RԪ֮һҪĻԪռ䡣˾ԹҲÿԴܹܲܺԪռ䡣
ʦӲ칤ġԿЦ˵
ʦ֣Ҳ֪ԴǿЦ
ʦ΢΢˱䣬Щ˵Դۣһ£ܵ
Ŷʲô£ʵ
ҵõһЩϢղڴۡĻ۵ˣıĵ
ղڴ۵˾˵Ϊ˵棬Ҫ㽻ֱӷˡֻǣȻһֱδ뷨ʦ˵

ѵǿҽɣԵ
ǵǲᣬǶԾԴ۵ʵҲɵǲű㽻ȴһֶΡԴڽԴԪʱ򣬴ֲ̻ܶԴڣƺ֡ʦ˵
ʦ˵Ծˡ
̻ͨᣬ˽ԼЩϣȷʵһͻƿڡҲ̫ġ
ţ֪ˣлʦ档ʦ˹֡
С£عҳݡʦЦԴۣǱߣ޷˼Էġ
ٴεͷ
ʦ㵱ǰԻԪң֣㶼ṩ˺ܶİ
ͨԴҲ̫ȱһЩС¡ȡһϴƿݸʦ
ôУʹáʦҡͷ
ֻǣСʱѾˡֻСҲǿɵԼòϣԸߵʹã
ƴǼ֮ʦջһƿССʮš
ڻڣ뾰Խ̸һЩʱʦԸǣʦ
ʦ뿪󣬾Ե
ղڴ۵ˣȻǲģȻҪõĵԾþղڴ۵֪ĲϣҲ޷ƳǣԾãҲղڴ۵̽ȥ
ʮԪ츳ڵĵʦ󡣾ܹƣɽأ
ԾԾãԼҲбҪһЩϰղڴ۵ˣ޷֪Ĳϡ
֪Щϵˣ⣬ֻ̻᷽ˡۣȻй¶Ϣ̻Ǳߣͺ˵
˼Ƭ̺󣬾ټۡ
Դۣۺܿ˾Եǰ
㣬һ£Ҫȥ졣ڣǰԴԪ᳤̻̻ܻܲ˵ϣҪй¶ˣ̻ṺĲϢԶ۷Ը
ǣӦ
ԽԴԪ죬һۣûµĲӽһͬǰԴԪ˵
ۣδȥԴԪΪ·ԾҸ·á
ס۵ͷ
֮۱µĲӽۣͨԪͨRԪ˽ԴԪ
̻ᣬһԪ̻֯ܲڽԴԪ֮ڡ
˽뽹ԴԪвӽ۴Ȼ˳ģ̻ܲ
ܲЩڸ۹ڵķֻ᲻ͬЩֻᣬͬʱҲ¥ܲǽ׵ĵطԣѰʱ䣬Ҳûʲô˳᳤̻̻ܻܲƽʱܲҪ飬Ż뿪ܲ
̻ܲĿˣԪۣȻֱӴߣ۵ݺ󣬱ܸİճ᳤ܻͨˡ
᳤̻ܻɲǼˣȻǻԪ֮ݣ֮УҲǾصĴڡ֮ڵĻԪռ䣬̻ڡ᳤ܻʵҲǷǳǿᣬһСԲεĻԪۡ
ǾԴµˣ᳤ܻü
᳤ܻˣԳۣ˵ǾԴµĳԱͬˣǻµĲӽۡ
ţǾͼһɣԴ۵ӣҪġ᳤ܻ˵ͷ˴ɣ


3352 
ۺͲӽ۸ſˣ᳤̻ܻǰ
᳤˹
᳤̻ܻ֣ͽ
᳤˺ĵͷ
λγƺ᳤ʵ
ſѾ۶˵ֺݣʱһ顣
᳤ǾԴ£ԻԪ컯񹬹RԪִй١һ㡣˵
ǻԪ²ӽӽ۸˵
᳤ͷλк£
᳤ǷԴ֮ǰ᳤ġ
Դ۽æRԪ޷᳤¡
Դ̻ߵ۹ֲһЩϡڣԴ˵˴̽Ҫ֪̻ṺЩϡԴϣ̻ܹܣй¶Ϣۻ˵
˵ʱ̬ȿнڣ˿ûð᳤
ԭԴۣ̻ߵ۹ֲһЩϣ᳤۾
ˡ˵
У֪ˡλɻ飿᳤˵
֮⣬ûˡҶͻȻã᳤Ҫ֡ٴαǸ⡣
᳤Цŵͷ
ۺͲӽˣ뿪̻ܲRԪǻִй٣ǵһܶ࣬ǲڽԴԪൢ˷ʱ䡣
ۻصRԪ󣬱㽫᳤
Ҳû⣬ⱾһС£ʵǲֵúķ̫ľ
һߣ̻֮ܲڣ뿪᳤ݣ
⾰ԣĪǿң᳤һߣڴڻص
ҪҰܣֻһոսԪ۵Ļɫң
Ǻǡ᳤Ц
ΪԴӦԴԪȻҪæǾ͸㹻ĳ⣬ɸ˹֪ͨһ
᳤Լûӡãǽ᳤صСˡ
᳤ˣǾԴۣǲñ֪ĲϢܲĴܹܲǰʱ˵
˵ĻЩϣĲϡܹĿоһ
ţȷʵҪȻΪںϢ᲻й¶᳤
ǺǣȻλԴ۲ҵ£Ҳֲıˡˣ᳤Цһ
ʵϣղڴ۵ˣѾ᳤ӴҪ֪ĲϾ᳤һֱûǷҪϢй¶ȥûͬ⣬Ҳûȷܾ
˾
ϣǲ̫ﾰԵģǣԼҲûҪ¾ԡǽԴ᳤Ҳ֣һԣ
֪ͨղڴۡĻۡʹ۵᳤ܲԴܹܷԸ
᳤ˣ»ﾰ԰ܹü˵
ֲңҪֻܹԼԼ˵ܣҸӴӦ˾ǡȻҰ᳤˵ôɣ
ǣܹӦ
ղڴ۵յϢ󣬱ӸԵĻԪռ䣬ԴԪ̻ܲ
᳤ߵ۹ֲ̻Ӣϻ᳤˹ԹϣӢϻ᳤Ӵġ
Ӣϻ᳤᳤֪ܻҪʲô֮Ȱ˵һµġȻһ᳤ֻʵء̻ڲķ᳤ֻ̫ˡЩķ᳤ֻǻԪۡӢϣֻͨɵ۶ѡ
᳤ȷʵܻ⣬Ҫ֪Դ̻ṺЩϵĻԪ֮˹ȻЩԪ֮ͬһ۸Ϣ
ڶԼԪ֮ʱ᳤˵ˣǼ۸̫ͣͲðŵﾰԵķй¶Ϣ
ͨνף̻׬һʯ
յĽ᳤⣬ղڴ۵ȵõҪϢҲ⡣
ղڴ۵ԴԪ᳤̻ܻϢȻԴġܿ죬Դʦ֪ˣ̻ѾǸϢ˳ȥ
ʦȻ֪£RԪľԣȻҲڲú֪¡
㣬ԵЩѿ
̻ᣬЩջԭȷʵһС¡ף᳤ΪʲôҪô̻ͨṺ۸߰Ĳϣ̻Ҳ׬ȡ档ңǳԹϣǰˣԺҲ
Щ벻᳤ͨΪʲôҪôѵԷһĿˣˣ̻ᾭӪ˵һ̻ģ


3353 Ÿ
ڻϡ
᳤̻ܻԴ̻ṺĲϢй¶ȥȻпԻȡһЩ棬ӳȻǳԿң᳤Ӧ֪֮󣬶ȻԴ۵Ĳ
ô᳤ΪʲôҪô
˼⣬Լ᳤֮䲢޶ԹûֱӴ
̻ὫϢй¶ȥղڻԪĻԪȻԪռоȻɹоĿԲ󣬵ϡղڻԪȻԪоĵԶԴҲе൱ķŭ
Ȼˣұȥ̻ܲ㡣ҵҪ᳤ΪʲôôԵ˵
󣬾ûеʱ䡣ʱԻûҪ̻˺᳤Ľ͡
Ҳû֪ͨˣֱӾһˣͨԪͨRԪǰԴԪ
̻ܲ⣬ԱԷǾԴۣҲɫһ䡣û취ԴʮԪպա
ԷʾԼҪ᳤
Դۣǻ᳤Ŀǰܲ˶Ծ˵
᳤ȥʲôʱܹüʵ
ʵڱǸСҲ֪ǻ᳤ȥ֮ǰ᳤δг⽻СʲôСҲ᳤֪ʲôʱ̬ȵǫúܡ
Եɫȴ
ף᳤ǹġôôɺϵ飿ɣ᳤ʱ֮ܲڣֻǹⲻѡ
һŭ⣬ھؿ
ü
䣡һɾޱȵͷųȥ
˲Ϣ̻֮ܲھԵĿ֮£ԼȻΪһ㣬ӲĴⲿ͸˽ȥ̻ܲأȻҲиǣȴǱԵǿе͸˽ȥ
ãܺð¶һĨЦ
ͨһγԣȷ᳤֮ܲڡ
ಣ뿪
̻֮ܲڵ᳤ʱɫҲΪѿԴǿ̻ܲ̾͸֪ˡȻҲ֪ԴѾ֪̻ܲ
Ե꣬ǿᣡ᳤ͳ˵
᳤ˣǾԴۣƺǳŭܹ˵
ǰܷŭǺǣΣ᳤Цˣ̻Ṻϡ
̻ᣬݺ꣬ȱǾϣǰǵһ̻ᣬԺȻǵһ̻ᡣԣûʲô᳤˰֡
᳤ΪԴвԼҲв̻ᡣ
ԣ̻ܲɣ
ԣ̻Ტ̫⣬Ҳ͵ˡ

صRԪľԣ̼˻ۡ
˴ε龭۽һ顣
꾰ԵĻ۾ҡͷ˵Դۣ㲻˽˰
ۣھϵ츳ߣ·ʽҲܹŹ֡ȷһ㣬˼档ĳ˿Լһǳ֮ǰȥѶ㿴ˡ
ԣ֮й¶㹺ĲϢۻ˵
⡭δҲ̫һС¶ѡü˵ȥ̻ܲȴң
Ǿ÷Ѿ㣬ǾԸɴһ㡣̻ᣬ˵һ̻ᣬв̻ġܲܣȥ̻ᡣ˵
˵һԶʲôءԳЦЦǶ䣬ȽԴӲܡ
ǰۣؾԼ̻ᡣ̫ںӰȫʸ񣬲μ£ǻԪ֮ӰԪ֮̾˿˵
˵仰ԵĿȴ΢΢һ

֮ڣʮԪռ䣬һϢ
ղڻԪղڴۣЦ
ʹ찡û뵽᳤Ȼ˵Ӳղڴ۴Ц˵
ǰû뵽˵Ǿ̻˱ŸһЩŵġһԪ˳˵
ڵľСһɣ۰Ͱ͵ȥ̻ܲȴ᳤涼ûͱ˻ȥΰղڴҡͷһĳ顣
˭˵ǣ˵µǸߣ˳᳤ԣȴŵĴˡһԪЦ
ڣڻԪڣϢ⾰ԣЦˣǻԪۼ˵
ƵΣڲĻԪȼԪҲڷš


3354 ߴߴ
˵ղڻԪȼ뾰ԹϵĻԪռˣԴԪ蹤ԪȻԪռ䣬ҲмЦԴ۵
RԪ֮ڣҲϷ
֮һΣԴ۵ܵ˼ˡ
ղڴۡĻۻʹ۵ȵȣüЦտЩˣɲļЦ䣬ǹƲ
·һʱ᳤֮ٴιķ
˵ͲʶԣԾȫϤӴ̻ᣬæôͼİˣ
ĳѾǶԾԴ۵ֱˡ
RԪľԣôܲŭ
õĺܰҧ
ۣң㡣
˿ԣȻ֪Ե϶˵ֱӵĹϵȥ᳤֮Ȼżתֱµġ
ţߣȥһ˽ԴԪԶ۵ͷ˵
ԵȻû²˼¸Ͳܹۡ
ǣӦ
Դۣٴν뽹ԴԪһΣԲȥ̻ᣬȥ˷̻ᡣ
ڣ̻Ϊһ̻ᣬ̻ǵڶϻءң̻⣬ͬԪռ䡣Ȼ̻ȣ빺ԴҲͬõ
̻ܲ
ţԴˣ᳤˵Դ۵Ȼվ¶ı顣
룡᳤̵
ӭӡ
£᳤Գ̻ܲӭӾԴۡ
̻ܲƣֱ̻ܲͬӽԴ
ʧԶӭ뾰Դ۲Ҫ᳤֡ЦݵĶԾ˵
ԴۣǷ᳤漴Լݡ
᳤ˡЦŹ֣˵ߵۡ
Ѻã
죬λ᳤˽̻ܲ
֮ڣ
ԴˣҪԴˣԴۿԷģҷ̻ᣬҶ߾ȫԴ㡣᳤Цʵ
Դ̻֮Ĳ죬᳤Ҳ֪Դǲ̫ٴ̻Ṻʲôˡ̻ṺҲ顣
ϣȷʵҪ򡣲ǹϣûҪ߶Ż᳤ˡ԰Цҷ᳤һ£᳤
Ŷ᳤΢΢һ㶡
᳤ڴҶ֪˵һ̻̻ᣬֻ̻ŵڶ᳤֪벻볬Խ̻ᡣԺֱӡ
û˴᳤Ŀľ
ۣһֱԵһ̻ΪӵģҲ̻ᡣ÷̻ᣬԽ̻ᣬۣ»ǳܰɣ
Դ˵ЦˡԵĻ᳤ȴεЦЦ
ѵ᳤÷̻Ϊһ̻᣿ü
Ȼ룬ǣԽ̻ᣬǲ̫ʵ̻ᣬȻ˵ڶ̻ᡣǣ̻Ĳ࣬ġ׶˵̻ÿĽ׶Ƿ̻ࡣ볬Խ̻ᣬǲܡ᳤ҡͷЦ˵
֣ҲЩ⡣֪̻Ȳ̻ᣬҲû뵽֮󡣷̻Ľ׶Ȼ̻һ붼
룬˵̻ᶨھٰᣬ߶߾أ
ԴۣʵǾٰġ̻ỹǷ̻ᣬ̻ᣬ᳣ٰġ᳤
̻ϣдСأһ
˻᳤һ
Ŀ⣬Ķžԡ
һ᳤û˵
С
ԴٰۣһС͵ᡣǴϣֻСޱȾ޴Ӱ졣ǱҵĴڡ
̻ᣬٰܾƷᣬǡ
Դۣģ᳤۾
᳤÷̻ᳬԽ̻ģҾġԵ˵ͷ˵
ҡҵȻ밡᳤Щ
Ӱɾ̫ˡ˸ԪǿЩɵ᳤ۡ۾Ź⡣
᳤ҿԳģΪ̻ṩţ
һ۾
Դ˵᳤ٵʵ
Ҫ᳤̻ܲǨԻԪ֮ڡЦ˵
ûᣬǿԻԪӰڵľԻԪ̫СˣжûʲôڸС÷̻ܲǨԻԪǿԴȵģԻԪ


3355 ܲǨ
ԴҪ̻Ὣ̻ܲǨԻԪ᳤üͷȻšͳһš
֮ڣǰ̻ᣬ̻ܲڽԴԪ֮ڡԴԪǿĻԪռ䣬ԴԪĻԪ֮˵̻ܲڽԴԪżơ
ǾԻԪأ
Դ۹Ȼʵǿ˽ǿӰԻԪϾ졣ڻԪռ䣬Ԫ۲εɵ۶Ҳ
̻ܲᵽԻԪ᳤Ȼ롣
ǣԴԹӦΪ̻ƷޱȾ޴ջ󡣶ңһǳǳѵõĻᣬ£̻ȫûлᳬԽһ̻̻ģԴΪ̻ṩ˳Խ̻Ļᡣ
᳤Ǿᡣ
Դۣ⡭̫Ϊ˰
̻ҪᵽԻԪźܶ⡣ȻǷ̻Ļ᳤Ҳе鶼һ˾ġ᳤ԾԿЦ
仰ʵȻǻ᳤ɷ̻Ტһ˵ġ̻ڣϢϵġǷ̻ᣬ̻Ҳˡ
ȻΪ̻Ļ᳤ȨǷǳġ˵᳤ҪܲǨǾͿһԣҳɹԺܴ
ЦеĿŷ᳤
Դۣ̻ܲߣֻ½ԴҲӦ᳤˵
᳤ǱߣҸ𣬲Ҫ档ֻҪǨܲҾȥԴЦ˵
᳤ᣬ¾
Ǩ̫̫ܲˡ
ԴҪȻƺҲǺϺҪ֪ɵĿǰֻоԴĶһݡԴۣȫûҪԣ˼ҲһЩƾʲô̻
᳤֪Ϊѡ
ʵڲУǾˣ̻ɡ
ҡҡͷЩϧ
Ѿ׼ʮŴвСһϣʮŴڲһЩӰɣ᳤ҾͲ߶ˣǡ
˵䣬վۣҲվ
Ȼʱ򣬷᳤˫Ŀ֮УȴǱŷ˸ľ⡣
ʮŴʮŴ
Դ᳤ۣվסԴۣɫµ˵ԻԪȻδ죬Ԫ˵Щƶ񤡣ǣΪЩ⡣ҾãԻԪзǳӴǱδزܷչԴԪԣҾԺٿ飬̻ܲǨԻԪľ
ʱķ᳤üͷѾšˣһĴȻ˵
ЦЦ
Դ¶Ц˻ȥ᳤Ҳ¶ĵЦݡ
£÷᳤Ϊ𣿡ʵ
ᣬСѡԴ۷ģܹ̻ڲ⡣ֻǽԴ뾰Դ˵һ˵᳤Ȱ˰֣ת˵
ãܺá᳤ʹˣҾԣϲ᳤ѡԵͷЦ
᳤̻ܲʱܹǨתʵ
ԴۣǨܲ£ȷʵЩӣԿҪһЩʱ׼ء᳤˵ѣʵˡ
ţҲ̫żǣ㿴һηٰ̻ᡣ
᳤̻ܲǨԻԪ֮ҾͿΪ̻ṩʮŴʹСˡʱ򣬷̻ҲľˡԲ˵
᳤һͺ
Դ۷ģ̾ٿ̻߲顣ţʲô鶼רƶܲǨ¡Ųµʱ䣬Զ´¡
˾ԴۣһǰɳһЩ֣ȵԻԪµ̻ܲԴۣ㻹뾰ԻԪڵĵ֪һҪȻ»ᡣ᳤ֵ
˵ЦۣרŸ¡ʱ䣬۾ʲô飬ֱӶ˵㲻ܶģһ㱨
ãû⡣᳤صͷѣʱ䣬ҪһЩˡ
᳤̫ˡæ˵
̻ܲǨԻԪҲ˵úܡ뾰һϣԻԪշչ
᳤̸ֻһᣬǣ׼ȥԴ
̻ܲԴԪȷʵҪõԴ׿ϡȥԴ˵£ҲǱġ
ڹ
ԴۣôˣԴԣ¶Цʵ
֮ǰӾԴйĴԴѾʹˡЧ̾Ҳ룬һᣬʾԴһʲôʱд


3356 
Դ뾰Դϲ衣
ҹҪ¡
һ£㱨һRԪڵЦ˵
⻰ԴܸˡԴۼ㲻㱨RԪҲûġϾԴĻԪ֮Դ۵¡Ȼˣ㱨ȻǺܸˡ
ԽRԪĴԴһ¡
ԴۣúܺáӹRԪȷľԴͷ
˵¡ôڶʲôԴתʵ
ڶ£̻йء̻ķ᳤Ӵϣ̻ܽܲᵽԻԪ᳤ѴӦˡ˵
仰ýԴɫЩѿˡ
ԴۣǽŰ̻ǽԴԪҪҵ÷̻ܲᵽԻԪԽԴԪȻ
Դɫ˼֣üͷҲ
ڵľԻԪСҪ̻֡ԽԴԪ˵һһ٣ǶԾԻԪȴǷԽ͡
ȻĽͣǲýԴͻ㾰ԻԪҪչҲҽԴԪǽǡ
Դۣ֮ǰ̻֮䷢һЩ졣Ϸ̻ᣬĪ̻᣿Դʼʱô׽ˡ
д⡣̻ᣬˡЦһ
㣬˷˵֮⣬˵ǰһ仰󣬲ȽԴ˵̲˺仰
Դʱһ
뿴ȡƿ
ƿ֮ڣֱʢһŴ
ƼѣҪ亱ϣƳɹҲԱϡԼڣҲùһŴС̾һ˵
ͬʱеƿŵ˽Դǰ
Ժһᾡʱ;ƴԼ˵ļ۸ǧʯۡżʯңʱвʯá
ãԴۣҾ֪ûп㡣лĻҾͲ˵ˡǷ̻ܲǨ̻᱾Ը⣬Ҳû⡣ԴˬʵЦ
ʵ̻ܲǨԽԴԪӰȷʵҲ󡣷̻̻ᣬԶ˵ֻǷ̻ܲǨȥ̻ڽԴԪ⻹ġ

Դȥ˷̻᣿
ȥʲôϣ̻뾰Դ۹ϵ񣬾Դٹѡ̻ᣬҲϾ̻˵ڶ̻ᣬֲҲȫ
ǣѾõϢԴۣ̻˵̻´ξٰϣġ
ʲôģ
ģӰɾʹˣ
ԴȻ̻ᡣ̻˾ԴӣԴ۲ֶΡ
ˣҲ̫ðɣ̻ᣬ̻̫ˡ
̻Ȼһʧδػں
Ϣ糱
֮ǰھԴǰ̻ܲ¼۾ûƽϢھԴȥ˷̻ᣬ̻Ҫ̻ᡣ
һʱ䣬ȳʮԪռ䣬ڹעµķչ
˾þԴ쿪ҲΪ̻ﾰԴ۲ǡ
ڻԪǸεĴ̻ҪԽ̻ᣬǲ̫ʵ顣߲󣬲Ƕʱֲܹġ
ִ̻֮ܲҪǨԻԪϢ
ˣʼЦ̻᷸˴Ǩܲ޴ľ뿪ԴԪķ̻ᣬᱻ̻ᳬԽ
̻ܲ
᳤̻һɸ߲ԱټˣҲŹڷ̻뾰Դۺ顣
᳤Ϣȷˡ̻ѾͨܲǨľ飬̻ҲѾǲԱǰԻԪµܲˡһ߲Ա˵
᳤Ҳ֤һЩϢڷ̻ܲǨ֮󣬱ٰ̾ᡣϣȷʵģܻдġһ߲Ա˵
Ϊٰ̻ᣬȷʵ̻һĸӰʧһ˵
᳤̧̧֣ˡ
̻ᣬΪǡǵĵ̣޷ȡСģҲʲôǣĻдġȻ֪ǴƼѣƣЧʺܵ͡ԿԿ϶ó϶Ĵ᳤̻۾ǹһĨЦݻ˵


3357 
ڳ˷׷׵ͷ
Ǿҷ̻ᣬĿ̨̻Ϊİ£̻ܹ̻а塣ǺǣҵҪ˭ᶪ̻ᣬҲԼＸ᳤Ц
᳤ˣԣ̲񣬵ʵȷʵޱ׺̻ᣬǲίһЩһ߲￴᳤˵
˵ҪԵ̫ˡ
ǿѵ̻ͺ۸ɣ
֮ǰҶԹȴƲңҪ̻æֻɸ¹֪ͨһߣҵʲôˣҪ֪ӡ᳤˵
˵¶̻ԣδؾǻ¡ʱڣ̻棬ʧǣ̻ø󣬳ԶԶڵʧ᳤Ц˵
᳤Լǣ
ûڲͳƣóһʱ䣬̻Ĵȳһɣһ߲ԱЦ˵
ԣԴɱRۣƿRԪ֮֮б졣ÿһԪռ䣬۴ˡϵԪ֮µѰС֪֮λճԪ̻ۡҽ⾰Ծ֮⣬ȷʵ̻Ц˵
ԣ⾰ԣܿǺ¡⾰ʵǿҲвǡ
̻ܲڸ߲㣬඼᳤֧ľ
ţھ͵ſǾ÷̻̻Ὰ᳤һ߰˵

̻ᷢƷ̻ὫܲǨǷǳǵľ
̻Ϊ̻û̫в̻оԴ֧֣ҲӰ첻̻ڵ⡣
̻̻ܲǨܾܿǷ̻˥ܵĿʼ
᳤һĻ᳤̻øƶˡ
Դ̻а壬ǳ˵Σ쿪
ò˶ãԴ۾ͻ֪̻Ὰ³çľ
̻᷽ƣӭԴ۽ֻ̻̻ᣬþԴۻ棡

᳤̻ٿ߲֮󣬸Ϣ㴫˳
ͨЩϢøԪռ֪̻Է̻뾰ԴۺΪ⣬̻в
̻ĸϢ̻;Դ۱ˣųĬ
᳤Ǩ̻ܲȷʵǺ˼ܴ󡣵գӲƶµĽչڵķ᳤û̫ľ̻ᳳܡ
ھԴۡ
ڻ߾ȫƴСҩϣͨڷ̻Ṻ
ȷ̻ܲǨԻԪͻ׼ԾԵץƵҩһ¯ƣҪµʱ䡣ʮŴҪҵʱ䡣ټСڵľԣûʱȥ̻ᡣ
ղڻԪĻԪȻԪռ䣬ǵĻԪ֮ǷһЩ
Դ۵ĸʵǶ֪ģ൱ǿᡣ֮ڣҲǰĴڡ⣬Ȼ̻
̻ܹΪ˵һ̻ᣬΪҵɲżȻ
᳤ͷԣܱȡ
Դۺͷ̻ᣬձضʧܡ룬ǻڵġǷ̻ᣬһڰǨܲǾԻԪĻ뽹ԴԪȣȫ֮𡣶ȵʱѾˣ
ǺǣԴδ̫СˡΪǰ᳤̻ܲûŭҪ̻ᡣô˵أЩˣƺǣԼǻԪ֮ˣĻ۹˵
ȻҲΪ˵ĻԪ֮
۾ͷǳǿӲı̬̻ضᳬԽ̻Ϊ˵һ̻ᡣ̻ᣬΪԼİصĴۡ
Ҵۡ蹤۵ˣҲƫھԡȻҲΪ̻ܹԽ̻ᣬϣվھԴߵġ
ԻԪ
ľԻԪϢҲͨࡣ
һɵۡԶɵ۵ˣҲʼע˵ĸ
ԭͥĲԶˣҲѾԪڵߣԴ۳ƺǡԻԪԪʱ򣬵νβͬˣЩûԪɵۣƲϻԪۡ
ˣ
̻ܲ˳ɡ
ھȫϹĽھԻԪķ̻ܲɹϡ
λˣ̻һԪ۾ĸ߲㣬Ц˵


3358 ݺѹȥ
Щ̻ܲߣв̻ڲԱҲһھԻԪļߣʦ
ԻԪȻʵȽһЩûκ⡣
ֻҪϳ㣬ɵ۲ߵٶȼ졣
̻ĸ߲Ա˵һЩ֮󣬱㿪ʼӦõĳ֮ͨ͡ԪͨؽԴԪܲϢ᳤
ѣԻԪǱߵܲѾϣھ֪ͨԴۣ˵ǲվͿʼǨ᳤̻̻ܲܲ˵
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̻ܲǨʵҲǺܼ򵥵顣̻ܲûнֱӵƷףҲͲҪתƴԴ
˵̻ܲġƽʱҲ̻Ļ᳤ܲĸ߲㣬һ㶼ڸطֲӪĹ
Ȼˣ̻ܲǨԻԪ֮󣬻ھԻԪֲԴ׵ķֲЩܲǨ֮пʼ
ΪԻԪĻԪ֮ӭ˷᳤һˡֿ׺ѣٲˡ
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񣬷̻ܲѾǨԺ̻ȣھԻԪڵ̻ܲˡ
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Ŷһ޹ؽҪЦЦ˵ԻԪҪΪʵΪ˱СһѲķڣҲýˡ
ڵľԻԪԪͰԪʵȻԪǿʢʵѾС˺ܶ࣬ſߵֻͨҪ컯񹬺ͥƵõҲ
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ϾԴȻӦóʮŴͽ϶СɵĿǰΪֹδЩ
һԴ۷ˣ鷳ɾʹˡ
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ãԵ᳤ٰʱ䣬Ͷɣ֮ڣһύʮŴԼһٿС
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ֻҪϣƷ׶ϱȶԷࡣǷ̻ᣬٷ᳤صĵ


3359 ȷ
̻Ĵ㣬Ǿѻٰ̻ᡣ
˶֪Դ̻Ҫٰһᡣϣɵġң̸¡
̻ᣬܹѹס̻ᣬôǾԴۻǷ̻ᣬ澡ʧʱ̻˵ҲΪ̻᲻Ƿ̻ȡ
ԣǺǣҵҪʱ˭ͷ᳤Ц
ˣȥ׼ɣסֻһѰ亱᳤˰֡
Ӧŵ֮½ɢȥ
̻ԵľٶȻҲܿʹ˷᳤ĶС
˵һ̻ᡢڶ̻ᣬʼһıѰսܹϴĶȻѰ֮ǵ۱ҲǷǳǿĵ۱ܳΪƷԣǴᣬƷһҲ̫ࡣ
ŪһЩͨĻɫģֻήᵵΣ²ӡ
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ʱһȥ
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˵棬ָ˵ĵˣҲǻħǱߡ
ǣϡһֱע˵Ķʦͷ˵

ԻԪ̻ܲ
Դ᳤ۣ
Դۣˡ᳤ԣ¶ϲı顣
зǳĲ
᳤صġһ˵
ʮŴٿСٴһ֣ǰһƿ
˵ṩʮŴһٿСģ꣬Խ߾ȫƳ˳ٿС
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̫ˣԴۣЩδؾͲھٰϣ̻һ󡣡᳤ЦԾ˵
ţԵͷṩˣᣬͽ᳤ˡ
᳤˼䣬Ա뿪ˡʱ䣬̫ƣˣʵƷָǼۣҪϢ졣
ھԴ뿪󣬷᳤һ̻ĸ߲Ա
᳤ˡԪ۾ĸ᳤߲
̷ųϢϣʮŴ᳤緢˵
ʲô̻߲Ա۾ȻԲŵĿ⿴ŷ᳤


3360 Ҳȥ
᳤̻֮⣬ıǸ߲ԱҲ֪˴γжٴᾺġ
ֻ֪˴ηٰ̻ĳᣬܻд
Դʱ̻߲㣬᳤˵ʮŴģŻ𾪡
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ʵʱ䣬̻£һֽǵ״̬̻ܲӽԴԪǨԻԪȻ̻̻ͬھٰ쳬ᣬ̻ڲԱ÷̻ܻ̻ĿԺܵ͡Щ˾÷̻ܾܿʹ˳䡣
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СЧ֮ǿЧҲġ
ЩԪۣ²ҪƴᾺĴ
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ϣֻ¶ʱڣ̫Ľչε˵֪ҲƳڣֻ֪ŵĲϣƵޱȼѡ
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ʵҲڿǣǲҪĻԪȻԪоĵķѵĴۣЩԲЩĲϣֵ̫ˣ۵ȵʦʹòϣ⿪Ҳޱȵľ޴
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ηٰ̻ᣬμˡ̫Ҫǡܴղڴ۵ͳ˵
ڵˣĬ
֪ղڴ뾰Դ۵ĹϵǰԻԪμᣬǶ顣ǣҪĴСǾͱҪȥμӷ̻ᡣ


3361 ̫
ղڴĿ⻷ڳˡ
ۣ˴ηٰ̻ᣬǰμӰɡղڴ۶˵
ǡۺܡ
ҲǰԻԪ
ղڴ뾰Դ۽ղڻԪߣǰԻԪ˼ܸɫǻԪ֮ղڴ۵ֱҲýܡ
Ӧղڴ۵˵ͷľٰصڽԴԪԪղڴۻԲμӡǵصھԻԪȥġȥˣٱԴ۴ӻԪڸϳǿɾɨˣð
ղڴۿԴҸɽԻԪǺܿܵ顣
ĻԪĲĻۣͬҲԼǳε´ۣŴʯǰԻԪμӷ̻ᡣ
̻ᳬǰһ죬̻Դ˴ȫ׼ֻʽʼ
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Ҫμӷ̻ᳬʵ̫ˣ᳡޷ôˡ
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̻ǱߵᣬΣ᳤ʵ
᳤ˣ̻ǱߣٰһЩҵˡ˵᳤˺ܴ뵽ղڴۺͲĻλԪ֮μӡԪ۲εɵۣҲûж١һЦ˵
᳤Ǻ᳤ܽЦһ
ֹǽһΣ̻Ѽĸֱ취»кܶ౦ءһ˵
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ǣɢȥ
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ţҲⷽϢʮȷʵд߽뾰ԻԪʱԻԪӦöҪμӴ˴ġԵͷ˵
֮ǰҲû뵽˵Ļ𱬡ڿ޷μ߶μӵġ᳤ҡҡͷ̾˿˵
ԴۣʱضĲһҷ̻нϴĸӰ졣ҹ㣬ʣۿʲô취ܹӰ콵᳤͡ž˵
ʵⲻǶԷ̻иӰ죬ԾԻԪҲһӰ졣
ü̻ᣬ˵ڶ̻ᣬٰľ鼫Ϊḻ᳤ôûԤϵأ
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̻ȷʵ˵ڶ̻ᣬٰεһεδйң᳤һ޷Խ͵ԭ򣬾֮ǰҲûȫȻžܹṩʮŴϰٿСֱԽصʱĴǵġ
ҵʧ󡣡᳤ֻ˶Ծ˵
᳤ӲȻܶĲˡ
̻ᣬ֤ͨ߱ķʽòߣ޷μᡣԿŷ᳤˵
߾ı֤𣿡᳤˿
̻ᡢ̻Ӵ̻ᣬٰᣬȡ֤߱Ǻ顣ηٰ̻ᣬȻҲȡı֤


3362 ᳤
߾ı֤ȷʵԱֹ߲μᡣ
ǣȻ˲μżЩԶߣǻңηٰ̻ĳᣬΪԴṩдĸ̻ᣬϣϵƷ˳ľĳȥĳϸߵļ۸
ͨ߾ı֤ʽǱڿͻ֮⣬ҲǷ̻ľ޴ʧ
᳤
ܹĵˣ̫ࡣ໧ɵۣûǵȲġԣ㲻һΪררľı֤ߣȡٱ֤ͨͳٿǡԿ᳤ü֪룬ЦЦ˵
᳤Ժ仰۾ʱһ
ȷʵһĿǰõİ취ˡ
ǰμӴ˴η̻ᳬߣһ־רųġǶȤܲһһΪΪһר߷
βҪٿ˷ȷʵС
ԴԼǣ˷ֵһԡ᳤ԾԹ˹֣ǾͲˣھͻȥ׼һ¡

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ȻǺڵﾰԴۣǺھ̻̻ͬʱСڴǶôΡ
ڣڶ̻ĸ߲㣬ڻ㱨صϢ󣬶ĵŻ᳤ó취
ҪȻʽʼʱ򣬻᳡ȴֻϡϡľߣǾˡƷĻΪصģصεʧ̻һ̻ͷҡ
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᳤ˣǽͲμı׼Ҳ޷⡣
յϢղμֻл᳡λʮ֮һԣǽͱ׼øͨɵ۲μᣬΪʱݣֻҲû᳡ʮ֮һ߲Ա᳤˵
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ֻҪǲμӴ˴̻ɵ۲ߣܵõõһǧʯ᳤ҧҧѽ˵
һһǧʯһˣǾһǧʯˡ
һǧʯЩɵ۲ε˵һҲ̫һݣǾǼߡȻˣõһǧʯȷʵҲһЩֲٰ̻ԶɵۣҲר̹
ͳȥǧʯ̻˵ҲǷǳ۵顣һǧʯͳȥ򵥣׬ȴס£̻һֲÿľ󣬿Ҳͼʮʯ
̻۶ȥǷǳ˵ģʵߡٳȥ˹ȳɱ̻Ĳôҫۡ
̻ڶ߲Ա뿪̻֮ܲӭһȺˡ
Щˣ϶̻Ĵɶе۹ĸ߲㣬Ҳɢ޵ĻԪۣһЩҵĴǶȻ̻Ȳġ
᳤ΪﾰԴۣһľ
᳤Ŀǰ˴ٰ̻ᣬѾʧˡ㣬ʲô취ȣ
ӾԻԪϢμӷ̻Ĵڶࡣ̻ᣬʼΪ߲μżͷˣôҸͷۡ
һУԴ᳤˾Դۿʼ
᳤ڵңѾʼŷ̻пȡ̻Ϊ˵һ̻뷨ˡ
һȺ̻ĴɶƽʱԻ᳤൱ģ᳤ľ𺦵ǵ֮ǵɫɾͲôÿˡ
᳤ĳʲôģǲںֻҪ᳤ܰ׬ȡʯһжû⡣ڵȻˡ
ȺݷͬѰĴɶ᳤ϲ˺ߡ
δʼλʲô᳤ͳ˻
᳤ǱҪ֪ܷ񣬼̻ľӪȫС֮ǰǻĳɼȻҲŷٰ̻ɼһҵĴ˵
ǣ᳤һ֡


3363 ¼
᳤ŭ죬Щ̻Ĵɶ뽫ŭѹš
̻Ȼ̻ᣬ̻᲻᳤һ˵ġڵͷöҲûЩɶԴǷǡ
ҪģξĲȴ˴̻ᡣ

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ڶӸԪռԻԪɵۣѾۼ
̻ᡢ̻ȴٰ̻Ĵᣬһ㶼Ƿǳ߶˵ᡣ˵ɵ֮µߣܶͨɵۣҲûʸμġ
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ˣڷֲ̻Ȼۼ˴ɵۡЩɵۣǱȽϸеģҶʵڡǲָʵһɵۣҲвı
˵ЩûʵֲǿͨɵۣʹûԪͨķÿܶó
ڣԪռ֮ĻԪֻͨԻԪ֮ѿšߣһŶҪȡͷѵġ
̻᷽棬Ҳɳ֣άֳ桢
һԪԳ棬˴̡η̻ᳬᣬΪһΪһġ
Է̻ĻԪ۸ˣľרģС
ĵľı֤Ƚϸߣȡ볡ȯʱҪһʯľı֤⣬һǳ߰֡һЩʵǿѰɵۣδõóһʯֻѾ׼
ı֤ͱȽϵͣҲҪʮʯ֣ǰҲһӡ£ٰ̻Ĵᣬ侺ı֤Ҳʮʯҵӡ
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⾺ĴĵѣԷġģǷ̻ķ᳤̻߲Ц˵
ĺͳ˭˭󣿡дѯʡ
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ΪƷڶ࣬ⳣʱ䡣֮󣬳Ž
᳤õص֮Ͷ̲סֿˡ
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ҷ̻ᣬƺδ˳ɹɣ᳤Ц˵
̻߲ԱҲŴЦ
᳤ˣĽ׶Ѿ˷̻ʷ¼ٰ̻ĴᣬҲû֮ߵĽ׶һ᳤߲˵
ţ᳤ͷкܶˣǱġȻδʼģμ˶ˣ֮ǰ㾺ĵߣҲ̲סļ
᳤Լǡ˵
̻ᣬˣ᳤תʵ۾Ҳ
̻δӴһЩϢٰ̻ᣬʧܵġμɵ㣬ƺһЩɵ֮µߣܽǵ᳡У̻ÿһμɵ۲ߣһǧöʯһЦ˵
Ǻǣʱ˿᳤̣úÿϵı顣᳤Ц
ˣ׼һİɣ᳤˦˵֪ͨԪļʼ
ǣӦȥ
̻ר֪ͨģһ㶼ǸԪĻԪ֮㲻ǻԪ֮ҲǸԪڼһĻԪۣ̻᲻֪ͨ
᳤ˣҲ֮ǰʱ䣬רȥԴۣ뾰Դ۳ϯĻ᳡


3364 ǧ׼
ٰ̻ıγᣬ䳣ǽԪռԻԪɵȴδʹ뿪
ڷֲ̻֮⣬дɵ۶ǣ뿴һǱΪɵĳһ۳ֻΣҪľı֤𣬸ߴһʯǴڳɵ۶޷óģǶǽΪнΪǿɵۡ
һʯһں׾ʯȷʵһΪӴ֡
һʯʵ̫ˡֻҪʮʯܴյóһɵۣҡͷ̾Ϣ
Ͳҵɵĵģ˰ɡ
ܿҲðȻ޷ĵ棬ۿɵۻĳһļ۸񡣡
˵Ҳǣ
ֻЩһɣ
Ǻǣ̻Ҳǿ׼ҵģԸɴͲҵȽ᳡ˡ

ֲ֮⣬࣬۲
ԴʱѾŷ᳤ֲר֮ڡ
⿴ȥԿ᳡֮УдȻҪɸ߶ı֤𣬵Ȼдӿ˽
᳡רһжֻлԪ֮µĴʸʹáڻԪռЩ۹ԣҲûʸʹרҵġʮԪռ䣬дĵ۹ڡ񱻾ƿصRԪʮ۹лԪĵ۹ﵽʮ֮ࡣ
᳡ǱҵڽԴԪᣬɶˡ΢Ц˵
Դ۾ٰᣬټªӰҲͬ졣һվŵһ̻߲Ա˵Ļά˵
ˣǷ᳤ھǲġ
ЦŰ˰˵ٰᣬҪ̻ᡣ
Ƿٰ̻ᣬδ˳ɹһΣ֮˳ɹȫھԴṩƷЩ붼ǳġ룬ٰ̻ᣬҲδйʢ߲Ա仰ʵԡ
Դۿǻ᳤Ѿ̨ˡģǻ᳤̻߲֡Աټӿ˵
ҲѾ᳤˻᳡ĵĸ̨
λǷ᳤˳򵥽Լ
ǰμӾĵˣӦû˲ʶ᳤֮ڵڶ̻Ļ᳤Ǻܴġ˵ڳĶˣֱ̻ύ׹
յģ֡ҵݣʦ
ӭλѣǰμӱᡣ
᳤΢Цȫȴ
᳤Щ׻ͲҪ˵ˡǣϽƷóҵȳ۾İɡһԪ۲εɵۣ·˵ӭһƬ
ҶЩȲˡ
ãҾͲٷϻ᳤Ц˵
ֱһ֮һƿϷ
ҶѾ֪˴η̻Ļ᳡ҪƷΪ
ΪС֡
ƿ֮ڣһŴĹЧǰɵۣԪ򡣾Ч޷
ڣŴľģʽʼ׼ΪǧʯÿμӼۣһʯ᳤˵ʱ̧ߡ
£
һŴľģ׼۾ǧʯ
ڳˣȻԤϵļ۸񣬶Ȼǳ߰ǣļ۸񣬻òɵ۸е𾪡
һŵҩֵǧʯ˲޵˵
ǧʯ֣ס˺ܶˡ
һŵҩѣһԵƷƾʲôҪôߵļ۸񣿡
ǣҪҿŵҩʯͲˡǧʯ˭˻Ὰģ
᳡ڵЩӡ᳡ɵܶ࣬ģίʵֻһСֶѡǧʯѰĻԪۣԴյó
R۵֮ھб̻գ۸ҲһǧʯѡǿܹһֱʹõƷҩ˾ûˣȷʵһԵƷ
Щӵ᳤ҲżʼմЦ⡣Ϊ֪ǧʯļ۸񣬶ȻסЩĴ
ǧʯܹһԪǧʯʲôʯⶫܣǵֶΣķѴʱ䣬ܹġǶһԪȴǿʱĶѻܹɹġ
ǧ򣡡
ʱһʵ쳹᳡ҵֱѹȥ
ЩڳԹ֮ԣ޴ǧʯ۸ɵۣ˲ֻͣõɴ۾򴫳λá


3365 ƶ
ǰһǻһŵҩֵǧʯ췽ҹ̷飬һ̾ǧʯı۳
ƶǵ
ܹ᳡ЩɵۣʵڻԪռѾǱȽǿһȺɵˡȻǻǱļ۸ˡ
֪ų۵˭𣿡վŵ̻Ա
ˣԵİӴĻԪ֮ͻԪۡ
ӦԱлԪťΧۣ̻ԱӦԡ
һ£ּԾ˵ťΧ۷ѰԪۣǱϻԪǿҵļ˵ںǰťΧҲпܳΪԪ֮ģֻǺȴ˾ñдƿ˱лԪȻԪҲǱд۳ΪԪ֮Žֵġ
ΪԵλ̻߲ԱŻԾ˵Щ顣
Ե˵ͷ
ڸԪռ֮УȷʵһЩĴڡʽڵģһЩȻЩȴǲܺӵĴڡǵĴڸУԶЩǿĵ۹һȴǿޱȡ
һЩԪռ䣬ʵΪֲɢޡʮԪĹϴڣûУֻǺٹ¶ˡ
ԴԪղڻԪȵȻԪռ䣬ɲǾԻԪܱȵġԻԪʱݣΪR۵Ľ뵼´ӻԪ󣬱ԴͱһΪҲӰ˾ԻԪķչ
ǧʯ
µı۳λťΧۡ
ԴĳۣԵúܼҡͨһ۳󣬻һ϶ǹһʱ䣬ֻµı۳֡ǣⲢӰ죬һŴļ۸񲻶
ûʱ䣬Ŵļ۸񣬾ͱƹǧʯ
һŴǧʯťΧ۾ĵ֡
᳡ڣѾû˽Щɵ۶֮ϣЩľګ
۸񣬾ҲǱȽ⡣۸ԴĴ۲ǧʯԱȣԴǵ˴ˡ
˿ʮŴͶٿС˳ʯЩʯӷ̻ԹĸԴʵԱˡ԰ת
ȻѾƿRԪRԪѪӦԻԪһĹ̡񣬾δRԪչ˰ûиRԪ֡
ھԵļƻRԪֱضҪĵġ

Ļ᳡ĵƷֻԲδ񳣹ķʱ䡣ֻǵգıʮŴͶٿСȫμĴ֮֡
ȻÿﶼĵʮŴٿСƺ٣ȻԶԶֵġ
󣬷᳤ڵ֮ڡ
Դۣĳɽ۸񣬻𣿡᳤΢Цžԡ
ɽǼΪġʱЩۣ̻Ļ᳤ĳȡ
⣬ͷ᳤ˡҲ¶Ц˵
УóʮŴͶٿСܳɽ۸Ϊǧʯ֣ԶĽ׶
ĵĽ׶ܽ׶㳬ʮʯ֮ޡ֣൱˵ġ
Ҫ֪ڷٰ̻ʷϣһΣһεĽ׶ҲڶʯԿ˵ηٰ̻ᣬǷǳɹġ
÷᳤ģǱľ޴Ӱ졣
̻᱾ᣬ׶ʮʯ
̻¼Ľ׶
ٰ̻ʷϣҲδһĽ׶ܹﵽ֡
̻ᣬǷѾԽ̻᣿
һĹͣǾԴۡǾԴṩ̻Զ̻ȡ
ٰ̻ᣬ̻ͬտʼδ
̻ᳬᣬȷʵڳ֮СĿǰ̻Ľ׶Զѷڷ̻ύ׶
ڷ̻ᳬһϢڷ̻ƶ֮£ڻԪ
һЩߣѾԼܹϴıǷӦý̻
ԴԪڣ̻ĳᣬȷʵڽ֮СΪμ̻ߣϲ˺ܶ࣬Ϻܶ亱ıǳɽˣǼ۸Ҳϲȥ
ͷö᳤ӳٶȡĴǣһЩʱ䣬ȷ̻һЩۺɵ۴ӾԻԪμ̻ᳬᡣ
ֻõģʵȴô⡣


3366 ϧ
᳤һЩ﷢룬ϣܹǰμ̻ᣬЧáв᳤ֿˣҲû̻ᳬϻ̫ʯѾڷ̻ᳬϺķ˴ʯʱҲóʯˡ
̻ᳬᣬЩεķΧ֮Уȫˡ
ص֣㱨᳤ʱ᳤ԡ
̻Ĵɶǣ᳤ǰҪ᳤һܹǽܵĽ

ηٰ̻ĳᣬɽʮʯ漫Ȼ𱬡
˵ٰ̻ĳᣬɽʯҡ̻ǰٰύ׶˵ʧˡ
̻Ӱ̻ܴ
û뵽̻ĳɽ˵ľˡЩֱ÷̻Ρ
˵᳤ʱڲڣ˾ԴۣǸͲԴۣ̻ܶӴɡ
Ҳô˵᳤ȷʵҲǵϵĴӦ̻ܲӽԴԪǨԻԪˡ
̻ܹȡ̻Ϊ˵һ̻ɣ

ˣʮԪռ䣬˵һڶٰ̻ĳۣδ̾ʧΪᣬ÷̻ĵλԺ˴ߡ
ڹڵĽԴҲǸп
ԭҲǲô˴η̻ģȴû뵽ٰ̻˵ĳɹ
Ҳһµ⡣
ԴۣΪܹóʮŴ̻ǴǼƵ
ѵ˵ǾԴۣ˴Ѷȣ
ˣԴҡҡͷ
ΣԴҵĴ۸ȷʵ൱ˡԴ˵
ڷ̻ϵĴĵۣ඼ǧʯˡԴӾйĴ۲ǧʯ
̻İǨýԴвãҲ̵ġ
ԻԪ
Щμӷ̻ߣ½ͨԪͨ뿪˾ԻԪ
еһЩ뿪ԻԪ֮ǰרȥ˾ԴۣԴ۵
ЩݡʵͬѰĻԪۣԼǣĽߡ
ʱ䣬ΪԪԻԪڶ࣬컯񹬺ͥǳæµǽ߾ȫЩ߶⣬ȷʵ׵飬ЩԪɵۣһһǿڣоԴ۵壬Ҳûзӡ
ʱƣ뾰ԻԪЩɵۣھԻԪԽԽ١ȷʵһЩɵƺ뿪ӡУһЩĴ
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ťΧۣ֮󣬾֪ͨҪ˵ʲôһɫƤ׵ĴۣťΧʵ
ûڷ̻ťΧۣ㴫Ѷ֪ͨЩĵˣ˵Ҫ顣ңھԻԪͷô֤Ч
ʱ˾ãťΧۿ֤ЧǲԤڱҷ̻߾ԴۡڿЧǳɫťΧȻǹ¡
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ťΧ仰ڳ˲һۡ
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ǰԴۣͬ۵ġǺǡ˰ɣ֮УҲûǾԴ۵Ķ֡ǿRۣҲھԴťΧۣǱлԪıдۣڶ뾰Դ۱õĹϵҡҡͷťΧһ˵


3367 
⼸ʱѾ֪ťΧǹҪ̸ʲôˡ
ǣӾԴлȡⲻ̫ʵ
Դ۸ͲȱʯȱʯҲȫͨȡԣ򵤷⼸ܡᣬǺǡ˭Լˣ
Դ۲ʵǿƥ뽹ԴͶλԪ֮ϵãôӣ
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ղڴۡĻǲɵãȴδزɵáťΧЦһ
ťΧ֣㵽ʲôƻĿУ֧ǡһЩ͡
ʱ⼸ҲоťΧۻʲôֶΣܹþԴ۽ĵťΧۿɲѰĻԪۣ൱ľûʲôϣťΧ۸Ͳ˷ʱ䡣
ãȻҵ̬ȷҾ˵һ˵ҵ뷨ťΧһ˵
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ťΧ֣ˣ
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⾰ԻԪڣҲ;Դһǿ߶ѡķˣһˣôʲôֻҪǻصԼĵ̣ԴۣκΣ
ҲǣԻԪÿ̻ķ᳤ҲΪԴ
һ˼֮󣬲û˳ġĵջ̫Ϊ˵ȫںﾰԴۡܵõﾰԴʲô
ãȻˣҲ𵢸ˣھȥԴۡťΧһ˵

ھ뾰ԱⲻԶĵطһ¿ٵĶ˴ǾԵʱ
ٰ̻ʱ䣬Աסһڡ
òԶɵۣťΧ۵˽
ԴۣǱлԪťΧ
ԴۺãǲĻԪF
ԴۣǽԴԪİ塣

һˣڼԺԼ񣬲Լݡ
ĿһȻûЩֱӴ֪⼸ˣڴ˴η̻ĵÿһΪ򵥡
һĵĻԪۣһͬԼ¾Ͳǵôˡ
λѡԹ˹˵λյü¡
ҲԴ۵ݷˡťΧЦ
ǰԴնRۣƿRԪʮĻԪܼԴۣǵҡ
ťΧ˵Ļܺ
λˡЦ˵
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ťΧۼˣɫ΢΢һԾ˵Դۣ˴ݻᣬһΪԴѾáڶء
ťΧۣȻЦݣŶԷ˵
Դۣ˵ǼΪҪĵҩܹƳѸ˵ʵ׳ڶԪռ䣬ɵۺͻԪ۲εߡ
Ҳ֪ѡһˣ޷Ƴ̫ġԣǾãԴӦøˣ֪ơťΧ۳˵
ʱ򣬾ԵȻЦݣЦǷ䣬ĿҲӿ⡣
ťΧ˵仰֮ǰԻΪťΧ빺Ĵȴû뵽⼸һ⡣
Զ⼸̸Ϥ֪Ϣ뻹Ǵӷ̻֪ťΧ⼸ˣ䲻򵥣ǳˡ
ǣԻû뵽⼸һĵӻô󣬾ȻҴ⡣
ԴۣǶΪԴӦøĵʦȥˣˣо޴İ
ǰԴһֱ䣬Ƕ˶ԣֳֵġ


3368 
ťΧۼˣһһſڱտڶΪء
⼸ˣ֮ǰ׼˰Ц
ղڴۡĻ۵ȻԪ֮Զ£Ǹ⼸вȡ
ҲûмųֹťΧ۵ˣֻŶԷݡ⼸ڳһߵ֮໥Ȼһۣű͡
ԴۣǾԻԪ֮ƿRԪ룬˵ҲصģҲһϣܹǿʢɣťΧܽ˵
ťΧۣļ壬ǱлԪǿҡǼ壬ڱлԪʱʹڣգûǸǿ֮Уļ嶨Ҳ˳޷ĲƸΪ˵ǿļ壬βƸ׳أԿťΧۣ˵
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ťΧۣʵҶ¹ϻԪҲ˽⣬ֻŹһԪռ䡣ĻԪFۿťΧ˵
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ۣ¹ϻԪ߼ҵĳԱƺǷصУԲòӳ߼ӳ¹ϻԪ꣬ǻΪֻЩڿ۵ϣĵ
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˵Ķģʲôϵü˵
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λۣǱǴ˻ȥ룬һͱ˰ɣťΧۺһ˵
ԴǴˣӦףĵ¹ϻԪǼҪĶ¹ϻԪñ߼ң֪ھԴ۵УǺǡťΧ˵Цһе˼Ѿˡ
¹ϻԪһյĻԪռ䡣ˣҲûнġЩҲû¹ϻԪѰ䣬˵ǲ֪֮ڡ£Ժ¹ϻԪҲ֪ĵԴԪİۣžԻ˵
¹ϻԪ֪֮ڣһġԴʵǿҲʮԪѡ¹ϻԪǿǰԱťΧ۾


3369 ˵˾͹
ťΧ۵һһֻͣš
ťΧ۵˿УԵǶ֮һЩ˽⡣ťΧˣһû˵ǾǾʱ̫̣ԻԪʱ˵̡ܶ
֮˽⣬ȷʵԶЩϹ
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ťΧۣҲžԡΪԻѡЭһ֪
Եʵ֮ڣƾǿ¹ϻԪǿȣԶԴ¹ϻԪǿǰûּۻ۵أοԴۣ
ԴֻۣҪԸǷҲǿԸһġ㿪ۡťΧ۳徰ЦЦ
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˵ˣԿڡ
ťΧ˶žԡ
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仰ťΧɫȻһԻǲǷĵ
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FǰɣԲĻԪ˶ҾԻԪҳǰвңţ˭ĵӣԶFۡ
䣡ϣȻڡ
Ԫתǿӿڡ
Fۣɫ䣬æ߶
飡һ촫
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ڿзɳһξ룬FǱˤڵϣܿվѪȻھԵһ֮£ѾˡӦòǺء
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ҹھԻԪǣͱĺԵͳȵ
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֮󣬾˷᳤̻ܲ
Դۣôˣ᳤Ե¶Цݡ
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Ŷ᳤뾰ʵԴۣʲô飿
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᳤ҡͷťȻǿ󣬲ǾԴۣǷ˴ǿRۣҲ군ˣ
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3371 ť
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Ҫ֪ԪΪ࣬ÿһ࣬˾Ԫ򡣾࣬һһǾžŰʮһԪֻʮԪĲࡣ

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3372 鷳
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3373 ò
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3374 ť
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ղڴɫ˺ڣûм뾰ԡ
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ˣԴۣۡȥдδ뿪ľԵˡ
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ť˵֮дԵ֮أʵܻͻͽԵ
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3382 Ϊ
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Դſڡ˵ģδʱ׳
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ǵʵ֮ǿ˽Ϊһֱ͵ӴǣһʲôͳУ˽󣬻һͬ֡
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ξԴȥ֮أܻ𣿾ֵܹõȶ೤ʱ䣿
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һ㲻صģһᶢŵġԴ

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뿪˽ǰ֮أֻ˺ͽԴ֪ˣǻۡʦ֪ԻⶣԴҪԼ뿪˽Ϣ֪κˡ


3383 ɱ
׼֮󣬾һ˽Ԫա
ԪգǻԪռԪռ֮աԪգû˼
ȡģ񣬴߶̽ڲڲʱһѣ֮дæ壬ǿת
ˣԵڲȶţԱ㿴ڲľ
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ڲһƬ򣬾ۼ˴Ĺ㡣ڲס֮󣬵һ۾ͿǾۼĴ㡣þ̲סһǣǸطۼĹ㣬һ޴ͼͼȥһΡ
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ʱڵλã֮أ·;ңԶ
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Կʼɱ󣬺ܿͷ֣޷ɱѾյɱɱų⡣
üɱӦһ׵ġܿܣһ˴ġôΪųȫأ


3384 
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3385 ʧ֮
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Ԫգʵ̫ˣ¾Եǿᣬ串ǵķΧڹԪգҲǴеһˮˡ
Եδ̫ĶҲȫ޷֣ԲԼڵǰĻŨӵġ
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һͷųģĿľǹԼķɴʱԵҲû̫ģһȻûǿԵǵĵزһɴûлơ

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СһٷϻһƸ㲻
ҪôƸҪôɫ۵ߣɱڵĺȵ
ҪϵĲƸҲǲԡȣҪ㹻ʵһߡ


3386 ǿǬһ
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ಣһЩʯ͵ҩ󣬾Դ߶ǰС
һҲûٳɴֱͨи·ʧ֮Ǿ˵ѾԶˡ

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3387 
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Ǿʧ֮˰ɣа
Կȷ͸˥Ϣĳڣߵģ١ӽеʱߣһζֱӵĽӴйӴģҲ״ҪĻԪۡ
ڹ۲һЩʱ󣬾ԼǰС
֮󣬾ԵֽС
ʱ򣬾ѾиܵΧˡеϣܲȶԿĸ֪ϵıҡڳƺʱпܱѿ
ʲôˣУ
еػϣŪӣͲ³ⷢѣΪƽ𣿡üЩп
Ժַܿһ͵Ľڵ㣬һԲεУаɫĹ˸šҪУӦþǴڵȥֻǿƿϡ
ƿϵķʽУԲῼǣȥƿҲȥֻǿţĳϻڲ˵ȥͼƿˡ
ھԿŽڵʱ򣬸պһӰӽڵڿٷ˳˳ڵ󣬱䱸Ķܣܿͷ˾ԵӰžԿ˼ۣȻһУܿӰʧˡ
ȥɣ
Ӱһڵ㡣һ̣Ըоռ֮֮䣬ǰͬʱԵҲ
ǳڲЩš
棬вǺܴӡڲԺȻ֣ռֱȻɽ֣һЩԫڲɽ֮䡣
ڲϵġ˥ܵġ¼ŵϢŨǿҡ
ಡ
ھ˼ǷҪ̽ʱӰٷɳ۶
⼸Ӱ䵽ԵǰԵĿ⣬͸żȡ
һˡ
ϢɬͺС
İףһνɣ
ܹӦһЩʵɣ
ھǰļˣڴ˾Ժ󣬷׷ԾһԿ⼸˵ı仯ܹЩ˵Ŀпʧ֮ɫ
Ըо⼸˵ʵǺǿûԪϢӦòǻԪ۲εɵۡԣ⼸ˣû¶䱸֮ɫ
ģһˣĶԾʵ
ţһԵ˵ͷӦ
ʱľԣǣ⼸ˣǲҪԼĽǷѡ
ǷԸҺһ䡣
Ȼ
û㣬ǷԸԸ⣬͸ߣ˺һԱԺͲᱻ۸ͦţϵıԺ
ˣǻģԸ뻢Ըߡһ˶ԾԵ
üʱ򣬾ʶǰļˣ񲢲ͬһġԼ˵ˣһǺһǻ
ҰװҲļԱСһԿһ£ҪҪҰװһ˿ڶԾԷ룬Գǰװġ
Ƭ֮󣬾Է֣ǰˣȻɡÿһˣԼ롣ֻ̬ϣȽǿӲЩԡ
ǸҲɡЦЦ˵
˷ʱ䣡
ߣ
ھܾԺҺɾûôˣ
СӣȰһ䣬ɣܻ졣һָ˵
ٸһλᣬҪҪһ
գ˻ת뿪ˡǶԾԵȽ⣬ʵûӾϢɬˡ
뿪ҡҡͷЦһ
׼̽һʱһӰй˵˾Եǰǿ˿ңȷû֮ŶԾ¶һЦݡ
λѣǸո𣿡˶ԾԹ˹֣Цʵ̬ȿ֮ǰ˺úܶࡣ
ǣԵͷӦ
ѣ棬뱧ŲСһˣǺѻȥġϿҡ


3388 ̫
ע⵽˵ʱһֱڹ۲ܣڶʲô
Ӧһ¶ԷϢԷһͨɵۣԪӦбȽԶľ롣
ΪأԺʵ
֮ǰǼǰ뿪ߣҲ˵ƵĻ
ȻոսӸոսӴЩ߿Ҳڲͨɵ֮ۡǰֳֺɫͷĻԪۣӦòߡ
ѣսԲ֪һʱͻˡҲԶͣطЩ㡣磬ңҸطҸϢɵһֱ۲ܻ
ҲãԵͷӦ
˶طϢھ˵Ȼʲô¡ԷʵǿԼʲôв˵Էǲ׼Ȧ׵ԼͣȦףԼҲܹ緢
ԸɵۣͿշС
λѣҽ⣣֪ôƺУɵ۶ԾԵ
ҽоԡԵ
ԭǾԵѡɵ۶ԾԹ˹֡
ҲЦԷ˹֡
˲δǳ೤ʱ䣬㽵ɽһƬԫ֮СƬԫȥӦǼֺĽѾݻٵòˡĲϣҲʧȥԭӦе
ɵ۴žԽ֮󣬾Եͬʱ̽ܣδ
ԵӦҲźİɣɵžʵ
Կ˿ɵۣ֮ǰͷԪۿУź⼸֡
ҵȥ֮ؿ˵
ԵĻɵ֮󣬱ǷЦ
ɵЦԵѣͱЦˡ֮أǿɲܹӽĵط˵֮ˣźҲȥġ
΢΢һڿź֮أȷʵһطǣӦϵġ
ʧ֮Ƕ԰ɣʵ
ɵüžԣ˵Եѣʧ֮ǶȷǴģ
ŶҼʶ٣⣵ѼЦˡЦһ
Եѣȷʵʧ֮ǣҲΪ֮ǡɵ˵
֮ǣĿ
ǰһû˵ĳСɵ۵ͷ
ƺвٵ߾ۼôûгأԺ档
ʵںʱ˵ġֻǣ֪оѣжݻٵˡڳڵߣǺžۼġЩʧ֮ǣźġ㹻ãź򣬵õһԴ
֮ڵʧ֮ǻҵĺܡڣûġɱʱܷҲΪˣʵһߣһǲʧ֮ȥġ
ǽᣬôͬѺΣաѡа֣ʧ֮ļʾʹöˣпܵõźĻᡣɵĶԾ˵
⣵ҲǰĳԱ𣿡΢С
ǣ̫ĳԱҼ̫ʱҲڸļ˵Ĺɵ۵˵ͷ˵
ô˵⣵Ҽ̫˵
Ե仰ɵ۵ϣƺмΡɫЩ졣
Եѣ̫ȻСɰڲҲмʮԱһܱһҪȫöࡣɵ۵Եмּ
ЦЦ˵⣵ѣ֮ǰҸոսʧ֮ǵʱ򣬾м˳סҡ⼸ˣҲǰĳԱԳǰװģԳǻġ⣵Щ뿪󣬲ųǰģĪǲ뱻Ǽ˿
ɵ۵ıεġ
һԼΡ
ԵѣҲ㡣̫ȷʵȽСǰװȵȣǱȽǿİᡣǣҲڲϵļˣ̫Ϊ˱ͻԲֱˡɵЩΡ
Եѣϣܹ̫ġȻˣԵǲԸ⣬Ҳǿ󡣵ǣһʧ֮ǣȷʵġʧ֮ǣܹģǼǿĴڡɵõͳ˵˵ǿڣɲͨĴۣСԲεĻԪۡͨĻԪۣʧֻ֮һ˻ҲǼΣյġ
ţҴ֪ˡԵ˵ͷ
СԲεĻԪۣʧ֮ܳƵǿߣ
ԵԸ̫𣿡ɵžԡ
̫Ҫʲô𣿾ǻʲô𣿡ʵ


3389 Ǣ
ͨ򵥵ĽӴԾλɵΪ˻㲻ԷԼ̫ûʲôǼ̫Ҳǲԡ
Ե仰ɵ϶ʱ¶ϲɫ
æ˵ûκƣԴۣѡЩǿһЩİ룬ǻ϶Ҫȡһõģ̫ﲻȡκηá̫֮ҲǿԵ񡣡
ڸļ˵ĹҲԸģǿɷҵ񡣡ɵ۶ԾԽ͡
Ը̫ɵۻܸˡ
̫СᣬļˣǱȽѵģ˵ֻܿϾʧ֮ǵǺܶࡣЩʧ֮ǵߣһ㶼ѡȽϴİ롣̫ﲻȡκãЩ߻Ҳѡ̫
ԣļһˣǺܲˡ¾ԿᣬʵܱȽҲ޷
ȻҾ͡룿ЦЦ
Եѣ̫ﻶӭļ롣̫Ȼʧ֮ǲǺǿİᣬǰΪ˶ܺãЩͨɵۣҲء
ԵѣߣҴȥפءɵ۴ż˷ܡ
ԸɵۣͿշС̫פأӦǱȽԶ˺һᡣȻҲ˵׷йأȫٸ·Բôʱ䡣
ɵ۵˵ǣʧ֮ҪóãͱȽҪֵ͵˵УٶȲ̫죬еٶȿˣܾͻǿߵĲǿһֱܾӳֻɱ
һ·Ҳ˲ߵӰЩߣͨɵۣܿԪϢĻԪۡ
Եѣǰ̫פˡɵЦ˵
פأЩƫƧ˰ɣ΢ü
ӵκͻϿλãȷʵԵƫƧȥΪưܡ
ɵ۸Цһ˵ȷʵȽƫƧעĿԴۣڿܶ˵ģʧ֮ڼΣջû̵̫ʶʧ֮Ǵһʱ䣬ˡʧ֮ڣɱǳзģԪ۲εɵۣż䡣
Ѿˣʧ֮ǣ͵ܻóáԿɵһۣЦ˵
ԶԶԣɵͷ
˵֮䣬Ѿһ֮ǰ
ȥģǲСңȻ͸˥ܵϢԾɡٿȥĽ
ֵܣ
ʱһӰӽйԶԶľͽһ
Կ˿˵òһΪòӡ
ھԿ˵ʱҲ˿ԣϱ̶Ծ¶Цݡ
骷磡ɵ۶ЦŽһ
ֵܣλǣĪǸʧ֮ǵĵѣ骷ɵĿ΢΢ž⡣
骷磬λǾԵѣոʧ֮ǡɵ۽һ¾Եݡ
ãԵѣ̫ﻶӭĵ骷ɵ۴Цһӭԡ
骷ɵ۵˺󷽲ԶĽ֮ڡԸӦУвٵϢ
骷ѿˡԹ˵
䣬ӽ֮ڣвٵӰ˳Ƭ̼䣬Щ˶˾ԵĽ
λֵܣλǾԵѡԵѣոʧ֮ǡֵܣԵѴ̫λ骷ɵۣ˵
Եѣ
ֵܣ
ӭֵ̫˷׷׻ӭԣ˵ϣº͵Цݡ
̫ջ治ءа
Եѣǵ˵骷ɵۣһĶ
Щ˵ʵȻǺǿҲû̫д
Կ˵λ롣
һƬķΧУ׷׽˽Դפصɵۣһ
뽨󣬵ȿľһдķ䡣Ҳֻһ㣬ӦҲвٿռ䡣
̫ĳԱӦöǾסһ֮ˡ
ԵѣҪһɫۣȥʹһЩˣЦŶԾ˵
ֵܣλ̫ĸףнɵۡɵ۶ԾԽ˵ݡ
̫ĸףнɵۡ
λףнɵۣͬûдﵽԪ۲ΣûԪ򡣲˵Ϣ񣬾ԸӦףнɵ۵ʵӦںԪҽӽһԪˡ
Զףнɵ۹˹֡
ԵѲؿ̫һˣҶһףнɵ۰˰Ц
˶ڴڵλ
ԵѣֵѾ˵˹̫ɣȻֵһͬصôӦԸ̫˰ɣףнɵЦŶԾʵ


3390 жǿ
ףнλԵУҲڴ
ΪһСİᣬ˼룬ѶȷʵȽϴ
פ֮ǰ⣵Ѿ˵˲ٹ̫Ҹˣ̫ġֱӶףнɵ˵
̫ˣףнɵЦݸ
ֵܣԺ̫һԱˣǶֵܣ
ʧ֮ǣ̫Ȼǿ󣬿̫ԱҲ˶ģ
ֵҲ
ֵΪˡ
֮УһʱЩӡ
ףнɵ̧̧֣ҽ
ֵܣȻѾΪ̫һԱôڣҾͽԱƸ㡣öƣһ̶ϴ̫رܺáףнɵһ̧֣бһöƴСƣ֣صĵݸԡ
öϣе֮ʲô̫Ķ
Խӹ˵ллһպƵġ
ֵܣƺôʽףнֵܾˡ̫Щ᲻һǵĵλһףнɵ۰˰֡
ãףнֵܡЦЦ˵
Կ˿ң˵̫İ𣿡
פ֮󣬾Բδ̫İĻӦû¶ɣ¶棬ɵ۾Ӧûһλǰİ
żλֵܣȥȡ¶ˣܿͻֵܣǼ㣬Ҳһܸˡףнɵ˵
¶Բ֪ʧ֮ڵ¶ʲô
ֵܣ㲻֪ʧ֮ǵ¶ףнɵʵ
֪δ˵ҡͷ˵
ŶҲкܶʧ֮ǰҲδ˵ʧ֮ǵ¶ףнɵ۵˵ͷ
ףнɵ۵Ļڳ˶ͷӦǡ
ֵܣ¶ʧ֮ڳһԴ磬ɼҿʧ֮ǣҲźŻ¶ɡ
ʹ¶УЧǷǳõģʯõöࡣֻǣʧ֮ǵ¶ҲˡҲֻвϻȪ۲ųˡףнɵۺһ˵
ϻȪۣ¶
ǰϻȪۣʧ֮ڣһЩϻȪۡϻȪҲ綼Ϸˡףнɵ˵
ô˵̫ҲӵϻȪۣ¶Щ֮ɫ
仰ףнɵ۵ɫʱЩΣ̫ĳԱҲЩȻ
ȣףнɵһЦ˵ֵ֪̫ԱȽСӵϻȪȶ
̫ֻһС͵ϻȪۣһЩĶȡÿһʱ䣬ȥǸϻȪۣ̫Ӧ÷ֵ¶ûףнɵ۶ԾԽ͡
Ȼ˵ЩЩΪ飬Ѿ̫ΪһԱҲӦ֪Щ¡ڼ̫֮ǰ̫ʵȽС
ֵܷģȻոռᡣǣȰ¶ȡҲһݡףнɵ֣ľԵļ
ԿףнɵԼļ򣬲δ¶ɫҲûֹ
ֵܣֵȥסõķܶ࣬㾰ֵһϲһ䣬Ժסһ䡣ףнɵֶɵ˵
ãɵ۵ֵܣҴȥ䡣
лףнֵܣֵˡԿ˵
ɵ۴ȥ䣬ףнɵֺ̫Ա˵һЩϲĻ޷ǣ̫һλ³Աִһ֡Ҳ˲²⾰Եʵδ̫ۡ˿ôߣʵȻǿȥ˵ʵȽǿĻôѡ̫أȻϣҲòϣԼİᣬıȽС
ʧ֮ǣֻ̫ǲ۵Ĵڡ
һЩһֱʧ֮ǵڵţֻҪµ߽ʧ֮ǣЩͻᷢ롣ǱȽǿɵۣЩɲˡ
Ըɵۣѡһõķ䡣
ֵܣǰ˵źƺҪʲôɵۡ
ڣһ뷨
֮أܾܿź֮СˣҪ֮أͱȽźˡ
ֵܣոյʧ֮ǣȱźˡɵҡҡͷ˵źȻ޾ıͬޱȡЩѰɵ۽룬Ǳǿ߲Ŀܡңź򣬻Ҫ֧߰ķá
ԾֵܣʱҲҪ̫ࡣʱˣٿǽź顣ţֻҪʧ֮ȥнźġɵۼԾ˵


3391 ᰵ
ֻЦЦδɵ۶͡Լ֮ǰѾ˵ˣҪǰ֮أɵ۸Ͳš
ʧ֮ǣЩҲֻǴźɣ
ֵܣ̫ΪʲôΣʵ
ףнɵδԪûдﵽԪ۲Ρ
Ϊɵ¶Եĳɫ˵ֵܣǰǿǻԪ۲εǿߡǻԪۣҲ޷̫֮㡣
ңϻȪ۵¶Ҳǰƾһ֮ȡġ
ֵܣǰ˺ܺõġȻ¶࣬ԱֵܷһЩЩĴᣬǶռϻȪ۵ĴᣬҲ˶ܻ¶ġɵ˵
ǰܴɵ۵ĻԲ˵
Ȼаڣ̫ŽᡣɵԺ˵
ֵܣҲ̫ĳԱˡԺ˽ʲôϢʱѯʰڵֵܡţҲʰ͸ɵ۽˵
õġԵͷֵܣƽʱ֮⣬һЩʲô˵źлܽ룬ƽʱѵһֱפ֮𣿡
ʱ䣬ǴפС̫ԳԱûʲôԼԱҲԳȥֻ̫ϾЩСܻһΣաȻˣֻҪǽһЩҪȥЩ˺ʹᣬһҲûʲô⡣ɵ۶ԾԽ͡
ʧ֮ǣҲһЩ׬ȡԴ;ΣԽϴ󡣰Ҳ˵ǶԱӶ׬ȡ͡ɵ۲һ䡣
ˣ
ھɵ˵ʱһ洫˽
ƺ̫İˡ
ֵܣˡߣӭӰɵһԾ˵
õġԵͷ˵
˴ӷڳȥʱԭڴеףнɵ۵Ѿӭ˳ȥԺɵۣҲ߳
ճȥԾͿмѾףнɵ۵ǰ
þ΢΢ȵǣΪ׵ˣȻŮԡŵĳȹһͷ׿

ˣ
ףнɵ۵ˣ
˰ֱ˵ûʲôࡣߣ˵
λ̫İҲˬԸ
ȻĿ䵽Ⱥ󷽣ɵվһľԡ
ҪȫԱҲʮİףȻ̾ͱˡ
λǾֵܣոʧ֮ǣֵܴġֵܣѾΪ̫һԱףнɵ۶԰˵
ףнɵ۶Ծ֡
ֵܣλ̫İᰵۡףнɵ۶ԾԽܰᰵ
Զᰵ۹˹֡
ᰵ۵һ˫ĿžԿ˺һᡣȻʱԵλᰵۣܲЩѰãԺѰͨɵۡھûչ£ᰵҲԵľ硣
ԺᣬϢ̫ᰵ۾ãڰ֮ڣԱģҲԶԡ
ֵܣӭ̫ᰵ۶žԿƬ̺󣬿˵ϴ΢Ц
Ҷᰵֶ˵һ䡣
Ӿ߾Ƚפؽ
ҽԽֱ
λֵܣᰵĿ⻷ˣ˵ȥȡ¶һЩ鷳û̫ܽȫ¶ֻûһ롣
ʲôˣףнɵʵ
̫Ͳࡣ
ˡᰵ۱鿴ȥƽĿȻƽ
˼ǣǸȪ۳¶ԽԽ٣̫ﲻٻôԣǽ̫һ롣ᰵۼ˵
ǲԸܵģۣûܼİǵĸ̬ȺǿӲ˵̫Ҫԭµ¶ǾԲܵģ̫һ¶ʯ򡣡ᰵۿ˵
۸ˣ
ɶ񣡡
ǿϻȪֲֻۣھƾʲô̫
˷׷׷ŭĳ
ǽô죿ףнɵʵ
ˣ˵ǵİʱפ֮ڡ룬ȹȥһˣİ̸һ̸ᰵ˵
ڣֵȽ¶һְɣᰵ˵䣬ȡһɫƿŵϡ
ƿĸͷȥĴ
ֵܣռ̫ֻҪǰԱһ¶ᰵۿԣר˵һ䡣


3392 Ե
æᰵ۵л
ᰵԽȡ¶ָ̫ĳԱҵõ¶࣬ҲͰᰵۺ͸ףнɵ۱ԱһЩ
ڰᰵ۷ֵ϶¶̫Աûκ顣ǾԣԴҲûб뷨ոռ̫ûΪκ飬ֵܷһ¶ƺѾǺܲˡ
λֵܣȡ¶Ѿϣұ㶼ɢ˰ɣȹգȥȪҪʣµһ¶ᰵ۶˵
Ӧɢȥ
󣬾ҲصԼķ䡣
ڷϥ֮󣬾ԴһСƿСƿڣʢŵľոշֵ¶٣ƿͺСֵ¶Žƿѡ
˵¶Чʯõöࡣڣʹ¶ЧЧĺܺãǵǿʧ֮취ŪһЩ¶ת
ƿ򿪣̾͸֪Ũ¶ɫǵɫЩճζ㡣
ƿһڱǽƿ֮ڵİƿ¶ȥ
һŻȵ˲Ϣ֮ھԸ֡΢磬лۼЩδ̫ѹȡתķԽ¶ת
յĹУԷ֣¶һĹЧԱԴһЩԵӰ죬ܹԴںиΪס
һЩʱ䣬Խƿ¶ȫյ۾Ŀһ⡣
¶ʯܱȣʯȻҲ֮бزٵԴ¶ֵɲɵ˵ʹʯǿԵ˵
ھԿ¶ļֵǳ޴¶ͬʱʹãߵЧ໥ִ
Чԣ߸ٵںϱԴ򡣶¶ЧֱڱԴںϱԴΪס
ң¶ǿ΢ĹЧ
ĺöܴ롣
˼Ƭ̺󣬾뿪䣬Ҫᰵ̸һ̸
Բ֪ᰵ۾סķһѯһ̫ĳԱԷ̾͸֪˾ԡ
ᰵ۵ķ⣬һ
ӷڣᰵ۵
Խ뷿䣬˳ƹ۲һ·䡣ᰵ۵ķ䣬Ҳûʲôĵط
Ǿֵֵܰң£ᰵۿԺ¶һĨЦ⣬ʵ
ţЩ飬̰Եͷ
ŶԵġֵܣᰵüͷ˶֣ʾ⾰¡
Ҳûᰵ۵Ķ治Զ
ֵʲô˵أûҪô࣬һͺáᰵЦ˵
ʧ֮֮ǰҲδ¶ֶ¶ƵԴǽӴһЩЧϣȴԶԶ¶ȡŰָһЩ¶Ѿˣ֪ʹ¶ЧܾˡԻ˵
Եⷬᰵ΢΢ü
һ˫Ŀžԡ
¶ȷʵǶߺܺõԴţʧ֮⣬ȷʵҲʧ֮ڣȪĳҲǳ١ֵҲ֪̫ﻹȽСܵõ¶ࡣֵе¶Ҫòźáһܹȡ¶ǾǺܾ֮ˡᰵ۶Ծ˵
ʱᰵУΪԿҪ¶
ʧ֮Ǻ֪Уʵ֮ǡҲ˵ʧ֮ڵĶҲӦġϻȪۣҲԴ˵
ģֵ˵ʲôᰵۿžԡ
һ˵һЩǿİᣬֱӾͿԶռϻȪۡ˵
ҲûЩǿİᣬȷʵռȪۣһսȪۡᰵٴε˵ͷ
ˣոռ̫ľɵۣҪ˵ʲô
Ȼ̫ҲԶռϻȪ۰ɣ۾һС
仰˵֮ᰵ۵ı飬һסˡĿ֮УҲ¶֮ɫ
̫ռϻȪۣ
λֵܣôģֻҲھ˵
ϻȪۣô׾Ͷռ̫ҪǸʵ⼫ΪƫƧĵطӲд
ֵܣʧ֮ǵȱһ˽⡣ʧ֮Ǵһʱ䣬ͻˡƬ̺ᰵ۲һԾ˵
û˵뾰ֵ˵֮ǰȹһӡ
˼ף˵̫ûǸʵռϻȪۡЦЦ
ᰵüٴ˵̫ҴռϻȪ۵⣬ʧ֮ڣ̫Ͳˡ


3393 ʵǴ
ڵ̫䲻˵Ѿʧ֮ǣôҲʧ֮˺ܳʱ䡣
ᰵţֻҪ͵ķչȥ̫սԽԽǿ
ҪʵܹռһϻȪأʵ
ʱľԣҲ֪ЩǿİᣬжǿһڲжСԲεĻԪۡҲʧ֮ڣûдﵽ켫εĻԪۡ
ֵܣռϻȪۣ̫ģ㲻Ҫ˵ˡᰵ۰˰˵뾰̸ʵʵĻ⡣
ðɣü˵ͷ
֮ǰ˵Ǿ̫¶аսһ¶Ҫ𣿡Իһ⡣
޷֤ᰵҡͷȻ̫ǿİᣬʵҲԶ̫Ĳǿ¡ȻһᾡȫҪġǿƣҲȫ̫
ǿϻȪۣھĿ֮𣿡ʵ
ҲȫǾơмᣬһͬռȪ¶ҪһᡣȪһСȪۣʧ֮ЩΪǿİᣬһЩСȪ۵̬ҪɺܶࡣϾǷǳǿİᣬҲȥ̫СᣬҪһġᰵ۶ԾԽ͡
мԪۣԶһµ
ڲԪۡİʵǿӦǼﵽСԲˡһʱ䣬¶棬ҾڱչسСԲ
ֵܣƺԴ۲ҲȽϤءᰵĿ΢΢һ£ž˵
ʵҲǴ۲ˡЦ
Խ⼸˵֮ᰵ۵Ϣʱһ˫Ŀ֮УҲһ⡣
֮ǰһ뾰Լʱᰵ۾;þЩͬʱҲûж룬ԾûʾԵľ硣ǱʶУҲΪһԪۣѡԪ۲εɵۣѡЩǿİᣬҲܹӵкܸߵݵλ
㡭˵ģᰵһЩ
Եͷ
۲εɵۣΪʲôѡ̫أᰵȷʵǺˬԸ˵ҲȽֱӡ
ʵҸոսʧ֮ǵʱ򣬾мĳԱҪļҼǵİᣬаװȵȡֻǣǵ̬ЩҾܾˡֵ֮ǰ˵һЩ̫ҿֵ˲Ͼҵһεʧ֮ǣİ
פغҷ̫ȷʵͦõģԾͼˡԼ򵥵˵һԼ̫Ĺ̡
ֵˣᰵ¶Ц
ȻΪ̫һ۲εɵۡ⣬̫ˣᰵȷʵܸˣ˵̫֮ڣֻһ۲εɵۣ˾ԴۣǱλ۲ɵˡһ̫ĻȨͿԶ༸֡
ţûᰵһ˵ţһߵ˵ͷ
ֵܣԸһͬȥİλڣվʹˣӦò֮ǰˡᰵ˵ѯʾǷԸһͬȥ
ԾܾҲǿԡ̫֮ڣҲǿȰԱȥʲô
Ȼû⡣ЦӦ
ãȥᰵվ
žԣ˵ֵܿΪᣬû뵽ѾǴ۲εɵˡһܹﵽСԲΡ
Ǵǰ֮صġ˵
֮أᰵ۾ɴһЩֵܣ֮أͱȥˡ֮ôʱ䣬û˭֮ܽصġȻҲһЩţ˵˽֮أȴδ˵ܴ֮ػųġ
ź򣬾Ѿˡᰵ˵
ᰵ۵ĻԾͿȫȷˣ֮ؾźڲ
βܽź򣿡ʡ
ǰźҪʹһԪͨԪͨڱʧ֮ǿİѳšҪʹûԪͨҪõǵÿһЩʱ䣬Ǽᣬͻ֯һνźĻõܽźֻǣźߣʱҪһźջԴᰵҡͷ
ǼôԵü
ţˡ
ֵܣҪģǴӾҪʣһ¶úϢһ£һͬȥᰵ۵

ա
ᰵۣžԣж̫ڲʵǿһЩɵۣפسǰפء
ᰵ˵һϻȪۣʵھפز̫ԶĵطȥפأҲ͵ȥǿϻȪۡ


3394 Ҫ¶
ᰵ۶ԴлĵģλԪ۲ɵ̫ǽȡ
ȥֻ̫ᰵһӲšڣᰵеĹ¶бǰ˺ܶࡣ
֪ȥܲܽʣµһ¶Ҫ
Ҫˣ°Ҳûʲô취
ʵڲУҾֻܴճʯһ¶
ᰵۡԵ뿪פغ̫ڳԱһ̸š
ΪʲôҪֵȥأ˲ʵ
ֵղż̫ǰеˡȥҪ¶Ͼֵܣȷʵ˲̫ĸо
ÿȥȡ¶Ǵ̫ʵǿļֵܡѵֵܵʵҲǿ𣿡
ֵܣֵģ֪ʵжǿ𣿡ɵۡ
Ҳ֪Ҳûʡɵҡҡͷ
ֵҪʵǿӽԪۣǶ̫ҲǺ¡ףнɵۿ˵
ֵôᣬܽΪɵۣ׿ԽˡӽԪ۵ʵǲ̫ܡҡҡͷΪӵнӽԪ۵ʵ
ϣܽʣµ¶ӾҪϣı˵
ÿζֻܿһ˳Ƕﲻʲôæǡ̾Ϣһ

ᰵۺ;ԵˣǰפأٶȲǺܿ졣
̫פؾפزԶԼĪҲͰʱ˱㵽˾פء
ֵܣǾפˡᰵָǰһƬɫԾ˵
Ե˵ͷ
ǹȥᰵ˵һ䣬Ƭӽȥ
פʹõĽҲԭ־ɵġ̫פزͬפӵеĽҪһЩ
ڽӽפصĹУᰵۺ;Ե˱ĳԱ
ᰵôˡһ˿ᰵ۵
ȡ¶ᰵ
ղѾȡ𣿡ü
ֻȡһ룬Ҫȡʣµһ롣ᰵüˣҪǾİȥͨ
⼸ĳԱƺЩԸӡڶݵĳ֮һջǵ˵ͷᰵڴ˵Ⱥȥͨһ
ô˵ᰵҲǻԪ۲εǿߣҲ̫ˡ
ˣ̫İˡԱԾĸ
ţûûˣ︱ɫһͷ
︱ֵ
ǣǾԱӦתȥ
úصᰵǰ
ᰵǸˣȥɣǾԱᰵ˵
ᰵȥԺ̫ĳԱͬᰵߡ
פشԿһ۲εɵۣ࣬вߣӦöǾĳԱ
ᰵҾк£︱ᰵ˵
ά̫ﻹһ¶ûȡȻΪȡʣµ̫¶ᰵ۳˵
ᰵǲѾ˵ú𣿡ά˵οʼ̫¶롣ǿϻȪ۳¶ԽԽ٣Ƿֵ¶ˣ̫ﵱȻҲü١
άǿϻȪ۵ĳ٣ҲһӼһɣɣ̫ﲻܽܡᰵҡͷ
ߣܽܵýܣܽҲýܡ£ɲ̫ᰵάЦһ۾ǿơ
Ҫ£Ҫйͨᰵ۵
Ǿܼᰵ˵ҶѾ˵ˣ˵˼顣㡢̫ѺˡᰵɲҪô߲֪ô
Ǻǣ漤ŭҾ̫ܻһ¶ò̫ﻹܵõһЩ¶ᰵӦøжŶԣǳҾάвζ
άǿϻȪۣ˽ҾãǿûȨ¶⡣ᰵ۵
˶ˣ
ߣҾλԪֻۣ̫һ۲εɵۡҾûȨѵ̫У
ŭ˾̫Ӵʧʧ֮Ҳ£
λάۣȻվ򲨶ң·Ҫᰵ۳ֵӡ
ӵλԪ۵ľҪֻһԪ۵̫ƺ治¡
ڳľڶԱҲ¶һԺı顣ǣԼʵеԺ̫СǰǾǿİᡣ̫Ҫȥ͵ÿɫ


3395 ǲأ
άǿ̫Щڣ¶
ᰵ۸оõҲоõǼᰵһͬפص̫Աܹͬܡ
ü˿άۣתĿᰵۡᰵ̫İԾôʱӦᰵ
˭˵ֻ̫һλۣᰵĿάۡ
Ŷ
ʲô˼
ᰵѵ˵ˣ̫ĪǲֻһԪۣά΢΢һ㶣¶Цݡ
̫СᣬֻᰵһǻԪۣ˭֪Щǿİᣬǲȥע̫Сᣬ̫нӴˣֻ̫Ǵ۲Ρ
Ȼ̫۲εɵۡᰵ۵˵ͷ
֮⣬̫һλԪۣǾԴۡᰵۼ˵
ţά۵˶
Ǽ̫ԱҲһı顣ڴ֮ǰҲֵ֪һԪֵۡղż̫˭뵽ǻԪ۲εǿأ
ʱάۿԣҲǴӾԽά۵һۿԡţûںᰵһľԣǱʶľΪֻ̫һѰڰˡ
̫ڣʲôʱһоԵĴۣ֣İάüƺЩᰵ۵Ļ
ȻᰵӦòϺ˵ǡ̫СᣬлԪԸ롣
άƺҵʵɡ΢΢άۣôάǷҪһ£
άɫһڣĿ¶ŭɫԵĻмǿԣάۺܲеŭ
ᰵ
ʱһ
£Ӵ棬һӰ˳

ˣ
˼ˣ׷׼ʺ򡣴ˣǾİۡ
ᰵԷ˹֡
İۣҲᰵ˵̫λԪۣŻ򣬽Ȼάᰵ۴ߡ
λԪ۴ڵ̫Ͳ̫ˡ
ʱ򣬼ƺڣôͻˣᰵۿż˵
ǺǣЦһͷ
ᰵϲˣϲ̫һλԪۡ϶ᰵ˵ĿȴھԵϡ
ԼΪᣬʵǿӡǣԵϣһʣЩ͸
Դ۶԰ɣ仰ǶԾʵġ
ûǾԣ̫ԱԵͷ
Դúܣѵʧ֮ǵģʵ
˵ûʧ֮ǣҲż̫ġԻش⡣
⻰Ŀһ˿ղʧ֮ǣͼ̫⾰ǻԪۣ̫δҲ̫һЩʧ֮֮һֱвٴԱţµ߽ʧ֮ǣͻᱻЩ롣£̫ȻܹһλԪ۲εǿߣԪ۲εǿ߾Ȼļ̫
Դۣ̫ǺСİᣬβѡһǿİأҾãԿһ¾ԾԵ
ʲô˼ᰵȻ⡣
Ҿ̫ܺãû뿪̫Ĵ㡣죬ᰵҪ̫¶ֱ˵
΢΢һھԵľܾ΢Щ졣˵Ҫ̫¶еĲñˡ
ûٿԣֿᰵ˵ᰵ¶ķݶѾˡ
Ժ̫¶ôࡣգѾȡ̫ȫ¶
ǾĽ
ۣ˵
˵ĽΪ̫ûǰõκϢᰵ۶Լ۸ɲ⡣
ǺǣûбҪǰ֪̫ͨ仰˵̫Ҳûʸǰ֪Ǹ٣̫͵õ١Цһ
ᰵҲҪΪ̫λԪۣȪӻȨά۸ż˵һ䡣
ᰵǻȥɣѾˣ޷ġֲһ̫޷¶ġ£Ǳܡ
ᰵɫѿԭΪžԴ۹߾̫λԪۣü۵˼ɵһЩڿȡʣµ̫¶Ȼѡ
ǺǣǲܾİأЦһĵ˵


3396 ᰵ
ڣȻһ
˵仰ȻϲԵǿƣڼ۵˶УǾǽа塣
̫а塣
һʱ䣬ۡάۺڳľԱɫȫĶžԡᰵ۵̫Ա
ʵϣᰵۣԵ仰סˡԴղż̫ͨ뾰Դ۵ĽӴᰵ۾þӦԸº͵ġȻû뵽Դۻھļ۵ǰ˵ԵĻ
ȻѾ˵˳ȥֹҲǲܣ
̫ƾ𣿡۵쳣أĿ͸ɱ
̫ΪԼλ۲εɵۣͿھ֮ˣά˵
ᰵ۱أ˼תڿŵʧ̫˾ԴۣҲʱŸɡﲻλ۲εɵۣһٶ֮µɵۡӽԪɵҲԶ̫ܹȡ
ɱ̫ﶨȻǵס˵ܻ̫ȴҲκһ

ᰵ̫ˣ̹Ҿפأ򣬿ɲҪҷ飡۱ȵ
ᰵҧҧݣɫ΢΢졣
ô簡ֻ̫Ҫǵ¶ǹᰵδü˵ԾЦǺǵȿˡ
֮ǰǲߵġҪ뿪Ҳ򵥣ǵ¶ó
ˣйϻȪ۳¶⣬ΪӦһ¡Ϊ̫¶ˣԼ˵
۵ˣĿĶžԡ
ᰵۣҲĿžԣ΢Щʧ
פأžԴһǶԵĻǴģ
ۿЦŭЦ
·¶ݶۿžԡ
ţˡ̫ݶ̫٣Ҫ·䡣Եͷ˵
ãԣҾͳȫ̫˿˵
ά֪ͨİǷʲô飬̵פء۶Ըά۵
áάӦ
ά۾ʹѶᣬᰵ۵˵棬¸İ̵פء
פشڵˣİҲ뵽һֹİ֮С
˵Ļü۵˼ŭֵ̳ͷתֵ̳֮뷨£йأйءҪ̫ҲӦɴһ𣬶Ӧֻɾ
˵פ֮ڣֻάλۣ̫Ҳλۡھɱʧܻܴ󣬲δܹᰵ;Զˡ
İйʱٶ֣ᰵ;ԾͲѵõɵ۲εɵ̫֮練ƹһˡ
ֵܣ㡭ôģ
ڵȴ֮Уᰵʵ̲סˣ뾰԰н
ᰵȻҲǷǳˣѾ˼۵Ҫʲôǵȴǿ߹ԼߵˣȫҪ
šƺЩԽ޴ˡǸ̫¶ȷʵ̫ˣҲӦ·һ²ǡ
ֵܣʱˣ˵ʲôԽ޴ҡֵܣӦ뿪פأ⼸˹߶߲ˡ
ھ뿪ǣǿǡţǣҲδܹסһλ۲ɵۣʱȪǱ߲פء
ʱᰵҲû̫𱸾Ե˼뾰פء
ᣬȣʵΣİȼ۵ʵǿܶ𣿡ʵ
ᣬȻûоǿҪȻϻȪҲɾҪˡλʵӦҲ缪۵ġֵܣʲôᰵۻش˾Ե⣬֪Ŀʲô
Ļûʲô¡̫ġ˵
Ѿۣ̽ûдﵽСԲΡĻԪۣھǰûʲôвٶʮ˸ҲһСԲεĴۣþһЩ
ֵܣȳ룬פغһᰵִ
ҪֵȻ̫פأǵҵϢ⼸̸¶Դ


3397 ֪Ķ
ᰵô˵üʱ΢һ¡
ǲܶ¾Բܵġ
Ȼзǳĵģһİ󣬻Լһ˲ǣԲ뿪
ˣ˾ƴɣᰵ۰ת
ҲȰ˵Գˡ
פأҲڸһƬǰҲʱңİԴһ˾פء
һԱİ˽
Ƭ֮󣬾ԾͿ˴½ӿߡ
ֵܣɽİ
λǺưİ
ģΪ֮ˣ
ᰵۣھߣ򵥽İ
ɽưﻹᣬһ𣬰ѿһС͵ϻȪۡ
̫ϻȪۣҲ¶̫ûʸϻȪۡҲ˵ϻȪ۳˶¶̫ͲȰᣬ˵ǾǶ١ᰵҪ֤Ҳ޴֡
ĸᣬȪ￴أͬռ¶ֻ̫ֻεĵš
񣬱֮ǰ̸õҪһ롣

İ۹ִк
ʲôǼڽӵﴫѶ󣬱㶼̸ˡɽżۣʵ
ŵĴѶ֮УҾάѾλ˵һЩصЦЦ˵
ʵҲܼ򵥣̫Ҫ¶λ̫ľԴۣ˼ǣ¶½з䡣·¶ǣλİᣬҪλˡۼ˵
Դۣ
̫ʲôʱһԴˣ
ôû˵
ɽȼİĿⶼеľԡ
λ˹˹֣΢Ц˵ղʧ֮ǣҲռ̫λʶң
ȻλѾˣǾ˵һ˵¡ֵ
£ʲô£ư۾һɣɤźȵ
ǺǣžļѾλ˵̫Ϊ¶ķ䲻ʣҪ¶½з䡣Ե
λ̫¶ͺ١ڣֱһ룬ȷʵЩ֡ô˵ýһ¶ָ̫ɣᰵüί
ᰵ̫ǵʵԭûʸֵ¶̫ͬһЩ¶ɲΪ̫Ӧõõ¶ҾãᰵӦ֪жŶԣﲻ֪ˡ˵
ȻᰵԼİѾλ۲ɵۣԱõˡά۴Цһ
λǺġԿ˵죬̫ˣֻΪ¡
һ¾ǣҪ̫¶Ȼһֱֵ̫¶٣ѾȥˣҲ׷ǣһε¶䣬̫ıһ¶ó̫۾΢У˵
Уİɫžԡ
ԴۣûɣΪά۳žԽ¡
Ҫ¶ǻȿǿǣԼСܱܲסɣά䡣
λͿ̫ﲻ˳ˡһСᣬȻҲһֱǷ¶ҿ죬̫Ժĸܵõ¶ԸһЩάĿ⿴ɽˡ
İڴˡ
ᰵпһ£ϵĲ⣬ԲŻԣפءڣ볷ߣѾˡǿԼ;ֵܣӵõ
ά˵Ǽ仰֮ɽһʱ䶼û̿ڡǣǵ仯ͬάġ
̫Ҳ㲻ʲô¡ʧ֮ǣ֮ɱǺܳ顣ûڡɵ̫СͰᣬҲʲôõӰ죬ҲһЩ̸һʱ䡣
ά˼̫ˣάۡ
ǺǣҲûңάۿžԣЦ˵ᰵȻ̰Ĳ㣬Ǿͱǣĺˣ
仰ά۶ᰵ˵ġ
ֵܣ׼ȥᰵٴԣѾ׼ˣһ֣̳פء
ǲ֪ĶûлӦᰵۣǶά˵һ䡣
󣬾ֱһ̧ӿ


3398 ɱһ
žԴ߶ӿ֮ڵˣȫ
Կһͺȡ
ֲѹ͵ž︱άϯ˹ȥ
ھԳ֮ᰵҲŴ߶ᰵۣ뾰ͬʱ֣Ȼһ뿪פءȻĹûܷųȥ
ᰵʶһǱѰ顣
ԾԵĹάǷӦѸ٣̾ʩչԼֶΣҪɱԡֻǣֶθոʩչɫž䣬ΪѾܵ˾ͷŵĹ֮У̺Ŀֲˡ
Ȼûֱ׽ʮԪСԲλԪۡǿߣ²ֻƾԼҲѰԪۿԿġ
ңڹάʱǬһһСһУûб׽Ҳ쳣µġԣά۸֪ͷŹ̺𵴡
ͣ
ԵĹֱӱǻάʩչĹɱֶΡһâά˺ѷεĺ֮У˺ѿĹţû塣
ڵƽϢά۵壬ȴĵȥ
άۣɢȥ
һУֻһУԣնɱ˾︱άۡ
ڵļ۵ˣžԡʵϣԶά۳ֵ˲䣬۸ûжԾԳֵ׼ϣά۱նɱûάۻᱻԴɱʶԾʱٳҲѾˡ
ˣڵľˡ֮ڣ۵Щ£άѾһնɱܶˣûп׷ʲô顣
⡭⡭ᰵҲޱȵ𾪡
뾰һ֣ͬһĻңȻŻӳפء뵽һ֣͸ɵ˾ĸάۡ
άȻʵǿֻԪ򣬿ҲǻԪ۰ֻһԪҲǴ۲Σͨɵܱȵġ
һնɱάۣʵ
άҪɱǰҽɱˣԴûɣԿžۣЦʵ
ɫ࣬ŭžԡ
ɱҾĸû
ʱļۣŭȼգԡ뵽ԳһоɱάۣĽŭѹȻҲûԴ۹ά۵ʱǹܾ̺˶Ԫ򡣵ǣⲻһжϡ
¼̫ľԴۣһˣʵҪԶ̫ᰵۡ
ǺǣȻ㲻˵ôҾΪûˡԼ˵
Ļ̫һ¶óɣЦпżۡ
ͬʱ΢΢һ׽С
ԣ۲óʣµһ¶ԱҪˡ
ɽȼİվҲû˵ڣҲЩ㲻״ǵȵ˵ɣ
Ȼ˵
ֻżۣ׽תԽԽǿҡ
ڣۿסˡ
ǣȡһϴƿھǰ
еŭȻѹסˣǲδƽϢ¶Ҳ˵¾ôˡ뷨Ҳ޷Ǿһ˵лᣬһ̫չ͵ı
ԴˣԵǲΪ⡣
΢ЦϵƿȻ󽻸ᰵۡ
¶Զᰵ˵
Ŷᰵ۽ӹƿžԣ飬ޱȵĸӡ
е㼤˷أ
ˣתĿ˵֮ǰ˵ˣˣҪһ£Ҫش˴̫һ¶ţǵڶˡ
ԵĻ䣬۵˵۾͵ɵùԲ޲ýԸˡ
ڶ£ȻǴһ£·¶
ɽưλҲΪ·¶𣿡Կİ
λ̲ס˷ۡ
Լ𣿻Ǿ︱ά۸ǴѶǹ
Դۣô䣿˿Ծʵ
ҵ뷨ǣһϻȪ۳¶̫еİ˳ɡɽﻹкưĸᣬʣµɡǣһܹƽķ䷽
㡭̫ˣĵͺġ
ԴۣǿˣʵǿǣΪԶǣʹشˣȵ


3399 ͨ
ȫӹžԡ
̫ռ˳ɷݶǾɽͺưĸռɷݶ㾰ôȥ
һնɱ︱άۣȷʵڳ˶Ϊ𾪣ԾҲһη;֡ǣҪ˳¶ǲӦ
Ǻǣ̫ð˳ɣǴӦôӦǲӦҲôӦ
ˣڿʼĸϻȪ۵ֶҪߡǿϻȪۣ̫ܡЦ˵ں⼸Ŀ顣
þԵĻЩϤƺ֮ǰ̫˵ġ
Դۣ㲻Ҫ̫ˡǲӦѲɣ㻹ܽĸᶼˣ룬ҲǸưϣֳЦ
Կ˿ư
ưҪ˺ưﰡôأɽλǲҲưͬ˼Կż
Ϊ˭ԣ㻹㲻ɣưһŭȡ
ưȻûдﵽСԲΣҲӽСԲˡңʮԪ򣬿ɲάǵȲεĻԪܱȡưãԼά۳֣ȻһնɱҲ̫¡ԣ뾰潻ֵĻԼȷʵвԣΪɱԼ
ֻҪǶԪδؾɱ˾ԡ
ҵҪưжǿϢ΢΢һ
תб׽Ѹݴ̳
ǬһԵ
һںɱ棬ļ¡
ưҲ˲Ϣ֮䣬ȡԼҧȫתҪ뾰ƴ
ưڳֵͬʱŵλѵҪĻ˶飬˳¶̫ﲻɣһ֣ɱ
λưİϣİԼ֡
ˣͷҲ΢΢ȡں̵ܶʱڣǴҪư֣ͬɵˡ
ֻǣûʵԵĶǾͿưʩչĹֶΣѾһ˺顣һµĽ⣬ںưܵķ֮ϡ
¡ư͵ĵ˳ȥ
ǣ
ư壬ײڴǽϡȻֲһ󷨵Ĵǽڣȴûܽư嵲ֻǽڱײһӣ̫Ѿʧˡ
Ĳ򣡡Ե˵һ䡣
ಣһֱӴƿĶڷ˳ȥ
ᰵۺ̫ＸԱҲ̸ȥ
۵ˣһ֮ɫһۣ֮㶼һͬȥ
ھפʮɽУưݺݵײһɽͷ壬ͣҳͿģӱԼײɽ˳΢΢ţǰһƬѪ͸
˾ԵһλưûֱӱնɱҲ˲ᡣ
Ȼ뾰ûȫйءȫ֣̫ʵºѻȻںɱǬһûд߶ޣû΢
ںɱǬһľԣȫԸĳֹĿһɱưִ۵ġ

ưԱ̵˺ưĽǰһǷǳŵı顣
ưϣư𣿡գ·ĺưʵ
ˣվڲԶĵطؿھĿǰһĻ
Դۣжǿ
СԲԴۣСԲεĴڣ
ãҪưǱԴһնɱ
ư̧ͷɴһ˫۾ֱֱĿžԡţ³һѪ
ԴۣҴˣ̧֡ھΪưʱ򣬺ưȴ˵ôһĵĻ
Դۣ̫ҪȪ۰˳ɷݶҺưûˡţûˡưڰ֣˵
Ŷͬ⣬û𣿺ܺãưȻͨˣҾͲΪˡԵ˵ͷЦ˵
Ŀһתˡ
λأûͨأûУҿ԰΢Цº͵˵
ˣͷȻһ
ղǻֻɱԵ˼ڣȫû˼ˡ
ɱάǻʲôά۱ϾֻǺͨĻԪۣԪ򡣿ǺưǿʮԪӽСԲĴڡԴɻܺưǼټϰԪۣҲԸ˾Դۡ
ȻˣǾֻܴӦԴ۵ˡ


3400 ̫
ɫǺ죬촽⼸Уܻ˵Ӳųų棬ǻߣȴ˵
Դ۵ʵ̫ǿܹ⡣
ȻǶûǾô˵ˡ죬̫ʱ䣬ҪȫֶϻȪ۳ҲöȪ۽˿ƻ
ȻһһһȥʱҿɾͲô˵ˡ۾΢У˵ʱƽ
סˣ̫֮ӹǿϻȪۡԲһ䡣
ǻפأԿᰵ˵
ŶᰵӦ
ԡᰵ뼸̫ĳԱ뿪פأ̫פء

ˡ
оֵǣȻˡ
ֵܣȶֵܡ
һ˻صפغ̫ˣӭ˳
û¾ͺãǴҶڵġףнɵۺһ˵
ᰵۿ˿ߵľԣ۾
ǵ˵ᰵ˵
ˣפصĴ
죬뾰ۣ֡ǰפҪ¶ɹһ¶Ҫˡᰵۿ˵
տڵʱ˳˵ǾֵܣӦĿڳƾԴˡ
оֵͦõġԶᰵЦЦ˵
ڵ̫Աȴ
ʲô
Դۣ
ۿɲƵģǶԪɵۣûԪףнɵӽԪģҲܳƻԪۡ
ɰţȴǳƾԴۡ˷ӦƺԼǲˡ
ղ˵Դۣףнɵۿ˿ᰵֿۣ˿ԡ
ţֵǿֵܻ֪ܣһԪۣʵǿĻԪۡᰵ۵ͷ
죬ܴӾҪʣһ¶ǾֵܵĹ͡ûоֵܣ̫ǲҪʣ¶ġᰵۼ˵
ɵֱžԡ
û뵽ľֵܣȻһԪۣһλԪۣ˰ᡣ
ᰵۻº󣬱㽫һƿ˳
ʣµһ¶ھͷһ֡ȴǲǰˡᰵָָʢ¶ƿ
飬Щ¶ְֵܷ˳ɡʣµɣٷ֡ᰵۿԵֵܣǷʣ
ҷֵ̫˰ɣԵ
һ㶼࣬ҾûˡԺ̫Ҫֵ㡣оֵڣ̫Ϳʧ֮㡣ûоֵܣ̫Ǹ۵Сᣬ˭۸ǡᰵֿ
ᰵú͸
Դ۵ʵ󡣴ӽֵԴ۾СԲεǿڡСԲεĻԪۣʧ֮ǣҲǸ߲ǿߵ̫̫ΪһСС棬þԴвǲ޴
оǣоԴڣ̫ռϻȪ۰˳ɵķݶУָԴ۰˳ɣµĲٷ֣ÿ˵õģҲԶԶǰ
˼סУλֵܶûǾôְɡ룬ͷ˵
֮ڣһЩˣ΢üȻ̫ڵպܺãԱ֮ĹϵҲܺãһ֡Ǵʱ˵Ҫֵָܰ˳ɵ¶һӣȷʵҲЩ벻ͨ㾰ֵǻԪۣҲһ˷ְ˳ɵ¶ɣ
Ҿðķ䷽ܺʡһڽᰵۺ;һͬȥ̫Ա˵
Ҳˣܹƽ
ûԴӦõõô¶ࡣ
˵ļˣǽȥ˾ģ֪ʵġ
ֵǣֵܣСԲεĻԪۡ죬ɾֵ̫ɽưȰ̸УȰᣬͬڿʼ̫ռǿϻȪ۳İ˳¶ᰵ˽͡

ʲô
ֵܣСԲ
⡭ôܣ
̫СԲλԪˣ
ڶݵļž֮󣬴ڣһƬڡеˣĿж⣬ŵĿžԺᰵۡ

פأ
ھԺᰵ۵뿪ɽﻹкưˣûϾ뿪ˣٴν˾פؽ
ưˣưʵ
ãްư˰ֵ
ţǾͺãưþԵʵжǿʵ
ɽźư
žԳֵʱûܿյԪΪûȫ֣ԪҲģЩˣûдﵽСԲûܿҲ


3401 ޸
ư뾰ֱӽֵˣλưԾԵʵȻøһЩ
죬ھԵǿѹ֮£ĸᣬòӦ̫ռǿϻȪ۵İ˳ɷݶĸᣬȻǲġ
ưƬ̲ų˵ǿģҲǺȷҸҿ϶ǴﵽСԲΡ
λҪԸԣֻ²סưɫҧ˵
ǸһСԲεĻԪۣôͻȻ̫ɽ
Ӵ˵Ϣ˵Ͳ벻ȻǴﵽСԲεĻԪۣҲ֪Ǵġһ˵
ô죿ǾԿ˵ˣҪ֮ڣִȪ۳ߡĿ⿴λ
Ǽ֣ټеĳԱҲһСԲεĻԪۡСԲۣ̫ǿˡ˵
ǰɽͷ
ԣҪԸԵĻֻܹӶǿߡĿһתѹ͡
ɽˣü
ӶǿߣֻѰЩᣬɲǽʱ򣬱ܶԸ˾ԣֻϻȪۣҲѻصСưҡͷ˵
ûǸ⡣
ʧȥȪ۵ĿȨɷݶʧȥ
׷˵
λǲЩ֣ǿˡһ˵
˵ˣʵʧ֮Щûмߡʧ֮ǣܹỹģһ⣬ȫǼǿĴڡû㹻ʵҪôͼᣬҪô
ĳУȷʵһЩˡ
ˣҵʵѡ𣿡ɽ˶ž
ܹӶ˵ĻǵȻõѡˣһ㲻ҪϻȪۣǶҲûȥռһϻȪռ¶ǿʵͨķʽ׬ȡ¶Դ
һЩˣԾʧ֮⣬ӵĹ
ţҵʶһλʵǿˡֻǣҪӶλڣķѿܻȽ϶ࡣͷ˵
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޸ۣ˵
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ǰ޸۳֣ǾǿҲ·һ
ܹɵԣȪۣ㸶ĴۣҲֵõġ
붯޸۳֣
ڴıžܹ뵽޸۳֣Ƕ⸶һĴۡ
Ҷͬ⣬ҿϵ޸ۡţҾãջǱȽϴġֻǣλҲ׼һ¶þ޸۳֣Ҳðٽ¶˵
ٽ¶һܴˡ⼸Ҳ¶۵ı顣ǿϻȪۣһʱ䣬ҲѼһʮ¶ѡ
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Ǿ鷳ϵ޸ˡǣ͸Իȥ׼¶
½Ŀ˵
ɽ뿪֮󣬼ۣóѶ޸۴Ѷ
޸ãð㴫Ѷϣûдŵ㡣۴һ˿飬Ѷ޸ۡ
ڵԼĪһʱʱյ˾޸۵ĻѶ
Ǻˣ޸һͲʵ
޸ۣǾǰ޸һġ˵
еӡ˵ɣʲô顣޸ʵ
ģ޸ɱһˡˣӦǴﵽСԲΡæ˵
ŶɱһСԲεĻԪۣԷˣǰԱ޸ʵ
ʵϣ޸ˣ಻ⱻӶһЩֻҪͺʣɱʲôģҲǺ顣Ȼˣɱʧ֮ǴԱ޸ҲصĿǡʧ֮ǻ죬Ѵ˿ɲʲô¡
ԷǰԱֻһֵһСᡣ޸ۣԸٽ¶Ϊ͡ҧҧѽ˵
ٽ¶ţɱһССԲδۣǿֵҳˡ
ţȥ̸޸ۻ£˴˴δѶ


3402 ʲôˣ
޸۵ûü۵̫ã˴ѶͨĴգ޸۱㵽˾פء
ʧ֮䲻ǴᣬҲԾ޸Ҿפزδ¡
޸ǰ۹ӭ޸ۡ
һ棬Ĺʺ
ţȷʵӴҼǵ㡣޸۶żۿƬ̣ͷ˵һ䡣
£޸ֱפؽ
λ˭˹
ǳǿӣ
СλǾ޸ۣ
޸۽פأҲǱپԱĿá˲ʶ޸ۣҲʶ޸ۡǲʶҲ޸۵֡
˻޸ۣ
ǰ޸𣿡
찡޸ۣȻǾפء޸ۣǿʧ֮ǵǿߣ
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޸۽λá
λ޸ۣɫۣĿߴϺʢУźɫĳͷɷˡ
˵һ˵ϸ޸۾΢УԼ۵
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գǼȥ̫ɱǾԡ޸˵
л޸ǰæлþֳһжµı顣

޸۳֣ɱ̫ﾰԴۣ
޸ѾӦˡ
գ޸۾ͻǰ̫նɱԡ
һλСԲεǿߣ䡣
Ϣܿ촫ǾĳԱȻ󴫵֮⡣
˾޸۶Ը̫̫ֻһСѣƺֻаǴ۲ΰɣΪʲôҪ޸۳֣
㻹֪
֪ʲô
̫ɲǰ̫ˣ̫һԪۣʵǿ˵ﵽСԲΡҪȻԸ̫Ҫ޸۳֣
ûȷʵһǿ߼̫ˣֽоԡԼ̫֮󣬱˾ֽѵ˾ĸάۣǱԴնɱġУɽͺưҲԴ۽ѵˡһ˵ԴҪȰύϻȪۡ
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Դۣǰû

Ȱ޸۳֣Ը̫飬СΧڴвٰᣬע¡ȻЩĴᣬû̫ע
λԴȻСԲεĻԪۣǾ޸۳ֻ֣¾Դǻˡ
ǺǣҪһСԲεĻԪˡ
ʧ֮ǣÿ춼ᷢɱ£ǣСԲεĻԪ䣬ʵҲǺܳСԲεĻԪۣʧ֮ǣҲ߲֮ˡ
̫ڲ֮ҲõϢ
ɶ񣡡ᰵźɫ䡣
ô죿Ǿ޸ˣǸô죿ףнɵ۽ʵ
޸۵ʵǿޱȣ̫޷Ⱑһ˿˵
̫ˣΪ˶ԸǣȻ붯޸ۡ
˵Ϊ޸ۣһٽ¶һٽ¶Ҳã
ڣ̫Աۼšǵÿ˵ͷ
ʲôˣ
ʱ򣬾ԳԼķоЩԣᰵ۵˵ɫѿ
ֵܡᰵ۽һ
ˣҲԾ¶ЦݣֻЦݲ̫Ȼ


3403 ֵһ
žԣЦݲȻ
ԵȻоó
ᰵʵʲôˣҵƺԡ
ֵܡᰵ̾һ鷳ˡ
鷳ѵɽǼ᲻ģ̫ϻȪ۵ĿȨü
ˣɽͺưĸᣬ붯˾޸ۡǵõϢ޸ѾӦܾĸĹӶվͻ̫פء޸۵Ŀ꣬Ǿֵ㡣ᰵ۵һ˫ĿУҲ¶
޸ۣʧ֮ʱж̣δ˵λ޸ۡ
ֵܣ޸۲ЩĳԱǶˡ޸ʧ֮ǵǳ󡣱ѰɵۣҲ˵޸ۡ
޸ʵǿ˵ʧ֮ǣҲٵ֡ң޸ҲһЩ˽˹ӶΪ˳ɱˣǺѰ顣
ǵģ޸ۻԾֵܲᰵ˵
ԴۣҪǾͷǿϻȪ۰ɡȰ̸һ̸ܲתףнɵü˵
Գ˼Ƭ̣ż˵ڼȰ̸ǿҲͬ⡣ǼȻѾӶ˾޸ۣǾͲ;ϡ
λֵܣұһλ޸ۡңᾡȫֹǣֵ̫ܡԵ
ֵܣֻ㲻Ӧ˵£ֲֻйءֻʹޣԼʵ̫ˡᰵ۵
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ֵԼǣδؾȫûлᡣȻѾǾȫ׼Ӧǡᰵ۵ͷ˵
ʵϣᰵȻ˵вδ̫ϣ޸۵̫ˣʵǿΪܹеù޸ۡԴȻСԲεǿߣɾ޸ۣȴѰСԲλԪۡһСԲۣʧ֮ҲǿߣԲӵо޸
ô˵ҲǲԺֵǵơһ˵һЩɥǺ塣
ֵܣ޸۽֮еĻһ뿪뿪󣬾޸ǿߣӦòնɱˡᰵۼ˵ʱֻҪԾǼˣһδزܻ
ᰵۣ֪ᰵ۵˼
Եͷ˵Уô죡

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Ǻǣ˿̫ȷʵֵһᡣ޸۴Цһ
޸۵ǺɵģǰһСᣬɱһԱǲֵһ顣ҪɱǸˣһﵽСԲεɵۣҲʲô
еСԲλԪۣѾǲжˡֻʧ֮ںʧܱ֮ߣɱСԲԪҲ١ΣӶɱһСԲۣ׬ȡһٽ¶ܲ޸ۣԴҲ⡣
ţ
ô£⸽ôۼôߣڽӽ̫פغ󣬾޸ۣüõ˵
̫פصΧߵúܲ޸Ӧһ£Ƿ֣پۼߵϢЩߵʵǶһ㣬϶Ѱɵۡ
⡭Ҳû뵽ô߾ۼ


3404 ô
޸ǰЩۼ̫פ֮ߣӦöֵֻģдӰɡЦ޸۽͡
޸ɨ˾һۡ
Ҳϲô˹ۿǣӦýڴµϢȥ޸۵ͳ˵
ǣ
޸ǰıǸԺһעⱣܣ
æ޸۵Ǹ
ˣ
λǾ޸ۣ
ԻλֳֺɫͷĴڣǾ޸ۡ
޸ˣɽưİˣҲˡ
һΣ̫군ˡ
̫ﱾһ۵Сᣬ겻ûں
ھ˵̫һλСԲεĻԪۡ
̫İǺܡٺ١
ۼ̫פ֮ߣ޼ɵ̸šЩˣǰԱһЩԴġ޸ʧ̫֮Щ̫ܲע£üԱҲ顣
Դۣˡ
̫︱ףнɵۣŲҴҽŵᰵۺ;Ա档
΢΢һãҳȥλ޸ۡ
վ߳ᰵۣҲ˰פؽ̫ڶԱ漯ϡ
Գغ󣬱ѾȰԱе˽˫ľ룬ǽӽֱӽֻ๥ˡ
ʲô˼ᰵ۴ʵ
Ǻǣʲô˼ᰵôˣĪǻ
ӽտʼ̫ｫʧ֮ǳӽԺʧ֮ǽ̫ᰵ㷸һĴ̫ò֪ģЦ
λͰĳԱҲŷЦ
ᰵߵľԣȴ΢΢ĿĿ⣬ڶԷȺ֮Уɫֳֺɫͷϡ
һλԪۣǾȰĳԱҪǣⲻǾԵһμˡ
Ȼģ˵գԼɴӽʧ֮ǵʱͻȻԼķɴǸɴˣȻǶˡ
ԭǾ޸ۣԵ˵
ᰵ˾ԵֹתĿֵܣ㡭ѵʶ޸ۣ
һΣҽʧ֮֮ǰԵ˵ͷһԷֹʵȷʵǿᣬʮԪСԲλԪۡ
޸۽ֵʱ򣬾Իʧ֮ڵߣǲǶ޸ôǿ߱Ⱦ޸ۻҪǿ󡣵ȻʱԲ֪Էֽо޸
ᰵһ
ԴۣȻ޸۽ֹԴۣţ
ֵܣ޸۽֣޸ûᰵʵǣ޸ûɱ㣿
ᰵ۵˼ЦЦİɣλ޸ۣɱң
ᰵ۵ϣǴŵĺ֮ɫ
ʱɫ۵ľ޸ۣǿ粽߳Ⱥ
о޴ͷһڣռܺƵ
۾޸ܹͣǰնɱ̫Աԡԣٳһ㣬۵ʱĺܣ޸۴
޸۵ֻ֮ɨһ̫ĳԱûϸ̫ûϣҲûҪעĵطʱֻſɹӶȻ뿪
̫ˣɫѿǾ޸۵Ľк̺ѹ̫ĳԱѪܲ
˵޸ۻ᲻ֱһͷͽλԴ۸Ū
һͷȥһΪɣ
벻ܹۿ޸۳֡
ǹӶ޸ۣһ˺ܴĴ۰ɣ
Ȼ˵Ǻķ˰ٽ¶붯޸۳֡

˷ܶ϶˷ܵı顣ܹ޸۳ֵĳ棬ȷʵҲ׼顣
ˣһҲЦݣĿ¶⡣
㾰ԲǺǿھפأǺܿ𣿽죬Ҫ㻹ô
ȼĳԱڴſԱ޸һնɱĳ档
̫Ⱥеľԣȥ
ֵܣСĵ㣡
Դۣ
ᰵ۵̫ԱСһ㡣
λֵܰģⲻ󡣡ԻЦ˵һ䡣
߳Ⱥ޸ۼٲ̫Ҳһ۾Ϳ˾ԡڵһʱ䣬޸һþĺܡ΢һ룬
ʲô޸еͺһôģһʵǿȻյԪûҶ࣬ǳˣ
޸۷һ°ۣϢԽһЩ


3405 ޸
˿󣬾޸תݺݵıžˣ
Ļ˶
һСԲ𣿿ɶ
ʱľ޸ۣ뷴һƽ
޸ۣҾǾԣ
ʱ򣬾ԳˣϴŵЦ⣬Ծ޸˵
˶ЩɻΪʲô޸ۻת׺ݵĵԼǲ׵ô¡
Դð޸۴Цһ
ֻǣһξ޸۵ЦУѾû˷ŵɷ෴ľǸһĸо
ô£
֪
о޸ǰ¶ɱ⣬һʧӰˡ
ȷʵˣ֣ⲻǻûн𣿡
ܴߣĿųС޸ǰƱ仯̫ˣκ˶оó
޸۷źҳҪҳ֣ѾˡЦ
Դ˵ЦˣԵ޹ʵģҶʲô
ٺ٣Ǹһ£ͲˡԺлᣬٺúþ۾ۣȾư޸˵š
£޸۱һѸת׼뿪
ɽˣȫɵˣ޸ۣĸᣬķһٽ¶Ӷնɱ̫ﾰԵǿߡڣòԾˡ
޸ǰ㡭ôˣǸˣǾ԰ӦԾ޸۵
˶һûأǸǲǶ˵ҪɱˣֻͨСԲ𣿡޸۵ͳ
ѵѵǣȻɵӣ˾޸۵˼
ȻǣǼˣȻƭң޸
ǡǾ޸ǰһٽ¶Ͱ˵Ȼ޸۾ôƨ뿪Ļûɱԣǵһٽ¶Ҳûˡ
ߣǿ¶ķϣΪһ׷Źǣ
һȺ´ɱ˭ȺúøԷʵɣ޸ߡ
󣬾޸ʹ߶Ӱʧ˵֮ڡ
飬κ˶ʼϲġ˵ˣԣû뵽޸ۻ˸ɴĳ롣޸۵ʵ֪ġԾãԼ޸ɱʤĲ̫˵ԼøһֶμǬһܹʤҲס
ȴû뵽޸ϳ֮󣬾ǲսߣɴ˷Ӧ
ᰵ۵̫ԱһҲľȻžԡ
޸ôˣʲôˣ޸ѵη徰Բųߵ
޸۲սߣڳǣȫǣ޸뿪֮ǰ˵Ǽ仰Ǹ档
λ̫ľԴۣѵ޸ǿ𣿾޸ۣǿսḻ˽ӽʮԪǿڣ⾰Դ۵ʲôˡ
ھĸԱЩʧ֮УһȺ˵Ľǰ
Եɫ䣬žˡ
ǣܺð˵ҸǻᣬȴӶ޸ҪɱңҶ̫ʴˡ
⡭⡭ĿǾګګ޷
ԭΪֻǸոմﵽСԲεĻԪۣȴ޸۶ߡ֮ǰԶԺư֣ûһɱưüİʶΪʵ̫ǿټϾԺᣬǾ͸϶ҲǸմﵽСԲˡ
ԴۣҡҴˣͻȻĵڣ˾Ĺƻ󡣾ǰһᣬĲҪǰΪа
λӦǹġ
ǰҲ˾Ĺƻ󰡣ҡȻƻ󶼲֪ǰ̧֣ҪɱҡɽҲ
ĺư
֮ǰԻˣưƲδȬʹ顣
λĻɫҰס΢΢˼ھҵĶԼǲӦùġĵĻԴۻ᲻Լһ
ߣһߣɱȻŷ
ڸоͷųɱ˲䣬Ҳסˣͨһ¹ߵġ
۾΢Уͳ˵ȻʶˣҲüǼƽϡ
ǿϻȪۣڿʼĸ᳹˳ҵ˼𣿡Ե
סףͷ
˵Ժס˼ռˡϻȪ⣬ﻹҶϻ
ţóһٽ¶Ӷ޸ɱң˵ǶܸаȻôУóһٽ¶̫ɣ죬ǾҪһٽ¶͵̫֪Գһȡ


3406 ʧ֮
Բδնɱˣ⼸ҪԴǿϻȪۣϻȪѾ̫Уɱ⼸Ҳûи壬ż˵СһЩ¶
Ȼˣ˲Ըó¶ǾԿɾͲô˵ˡ
ԡǰǡûʲô¶˰žԡ
Ϊ붯޸۳棬ǼᣬǺķ˴¶
Ǻǣû¶Ǽϸˣòһٽ¶ҾǵС˶ҲܶԷܲٴճһٽ¶ֻҪ
ڣǵ˹ɣֱһӣһɿֲ𵴶
æŤͷתһ̶ʧӰ
̫ľԴۣʵǿ
Դʵھ޸ۣʧ֮ǣֳһˡ
оԴ̫̫ĵλֱЩᣬҲ̫ܶˡ
оԴ۵̫Ҫʧ֮ıԴˡ֮ǰɽȰռݵϻȪֻۣһСȪ۰ˣ̫ض㡣
ۼ̫פظߣҲ֮Уɢȥ
շ飬Ҳǽֵ޸۲սߣ˶û뵽ġ
ֵܣ㡭ʵжǿᰵߣĿегݵζ
ʵҵʵҲûǿЦЦ˵
ûǿ޸۶Դءףнɵһ𺳵ı˵
ǰǶΪ̫Ҫء޸۵˭֪ɽȴǣ޸ֱˡһ̫Ա̾˵
Դ۵ʵضھ޸֮¡Ҳ˵Դʧ֮ڣҲǿߡһ˵
λֵܶ˵ˡЦŰ֣˵ʵҵʵ޸Ӧǲɣڽʧ֮ǰֹ޸ۿҲǾûаսʤңԾͲˡ
ֻǣҲû뵽޸ۻߵôɴࡣܹӶôɴ뿪Ҳ±˷顣ҡҡͷ
޸±˷飬Ͳںġ
ǰ޸ʧ֮ǵʵ͡
û˸С޸ۣЩᣬԸ޸ۣ
̫һһ˷ܡ
ǵ׼һ£ӹϻȪˡԶᰵ˵
ȰִϻȪ۳ߺ̫ҪӹϻȪۡ
ţǵġӹϻȪۣûʲôӵġʵֻҪϻȪۿţռ¶ͿˡֻΪᣬҪɶһЩ˻оֵڣҲûеǵ¶ᰵ۵ĻУ͸š
˵û
췢󣬾Եضڶʱڴʧ֮ǡ޸۶սǿߣ˭ıӵȥھԵĶ

ʧ֮ǣפء
ǳһͰᣬʵΪǿᡣ
Ǹԣʲôʱʧ֮ǣڵڿϣϵʵ
Ķ棬߲Ա
ӦþǼ֮ǰԲŽʧ֮ǡһ߲ԱӦ˵
֮ǰţǺһֱ˿ųڰɣΪʲôΪʲôû뵽ԼҺЩͳ
ʧ֮ǵļᣬһֱרˣʧ֮ǵڴһ׽УЩˣͻԷԼİᡣ
վԸոսʧ֮ǣԱסԡֻǵʱЩ˸ͲںԣþԵѰͨɵۡʱǼУкԱ
һʱ䣬˹ģ٬ԫ٬ԫڹϻǱȽģӦ뾰ԽӴһü˵
٬ԫйҪһֱۡ
٬ԫӦڳڴһ˵
̹ھҪһ
٬ԫɵ۽ӵѶ֪ǰҪԼȻ˿ĵٶȻصפء
ݼˡ٬ԫɵ۽֮󣬹վ񣬴ҳ
٬ԫ֪̫𣿡ʵ
ˣҽղ֪̫ᡣ٬ԫɵ۵ͷ˵
Ҳ֪̫ľԴ۰ɣʵ
ذҽ˵һЩϢ̫ֻһ۵СᣬǾԴʵƺǿ޸۶ԸΪСҲ֪λԴۣΪʲô̫٬ԫɵ۵ͷ˵
ʱ٬ԫɵۻ֪̫ľԴۣ֮ǰڳгߡ
Դۣʧ֮ǡ٬ԫһֱڳгڣûмˣһ


3407 ϻȪ
޸ĻԪۣʧ֮Ҳǲ
ʵǿߣÿһΪҪ£ԼİᣬðļսȻһȼҲΪˣ֪˹ھԴ۵󣬱̽ڼ߲Աټ˹
ʣ٬ԫɵ۵סˡ
Ĺ̫飬˵ˣҲ֪ʧ֮ǳһʵǿֽоԵĻԪۣ֪λԴŽʧ֮ǵġ
ʱ䣬٬ԫɵһֱڳгڸ˽ʧ֮ǣ֪ܲ
ᰡˣһʱ䣬ֻһɵ۽ʧ֮ǡ٬ԫɵ۴㵵ı˵
½ʧ֮ǵɵۣࡣʱܳһû˽ʧ֮ǡ
һʱ䣬٬ԫɵȷֻһʧ֮ǡҲ˽ӴԷԷδӦᡣ
ֻһµɵ۽УȻ̫ľԴۡһ˿˵
⡭ôܣɵۺᣬҲͨɵۡ٬ԫɵʶ˵
˶һǿĻԪǰ㶼ֲǴûõĶ
٬ԫλ̫ľɵۣͷǳᡣ㣬ӦھԴ۽ʧ֮ǵʱ򣬾¡һ˳ȵ
٬ԫɵɫ԰ףګګԡ
λˣȻǴۣǾ޸ǸĻԪۣ
ͬʱװȴͰᣬҲƵ顣
ʧ֮ڣûκһᣬܹӾ޸ǸĻԪۡ
գɽͺưĸᣬò״ճһٽ¶ǽһٽ¶͵̫פأᰵۡ
ĸᣬȷʵǲΥ澰Դ۵˼ǣҲûİ취ǹӶľ޸ۣԸ뾰һսǻ˭æЩ᣿Ͳܣ
ֵܣȰһٽ¶ѾˡᰵԾסķ䣬ʮʢ¶ĴƿھԵǰ
ʶȤЦЦ˵
Խʮƿһ£еİ˳ɡ
ֵܣЩ¶ĸ⳥ģͲֵǷ˰ɣȻԻû˵ᰵۿ˾Ե˼ȳ˵
̫һԱЦ˵һ䣺ض˵
ðɣǾͰֵܵ˼졣ᰵҲŤ
ֵܣѾ쳹ʧ֮ˡЩͰᣬҲӹע㣬ʲô𣿡ᰵʾԡ
˼ǣԵ
ûЩᣬӦû㡣ᰵ΢һ˵
ǵ顣ǲͬǵġ̫оܺáңҲܺã͹ˡҡҡͷ
˵ᰵĿи޷Ƶϲɫ
ȷʵЩľԻ뿪̫ѡЩͰᡣԲ̫ֽ̫ǰĲСᡣңΪ˾ȰᣬԺĴܻø
˵뿪̫ᰵϲָж
ֵܣ̫ѾǿϻȪۣҪҪȥᰵֶԾ˵
Ŷ΢΢һ
ҲãǾȥԵͷ˵
ϻȪۣھפزԶĵطȪ۱̫ӹ֮󣬾ȰĳԱȫˡ
ȰᣬҲûҶȪ۽ƻǾ¾Եı
Ժᰵ۵ִȪ۵ʱѾʮ̫ԱȪ۵ĸ
ȪܵĻͨȥûʲôġһЩΧȪ۵λãӦһ֮С
ֵܣϻȪˡᰵָǰԶһطԾ˵
Ŀȥ
ϻȪۣ̲סü
ǰһұڡھĿĵطԿһƬʪ
ˮۣ𽥻۵һ
һ̫ĳԱֱվרעĿתĶұڡԱǰһƿұϵˮۣ۳һ¶ʱ¶ƿ֮С
ֵܣһСϻȪۣ¶١ҲΪˣЩẔ̇Сռݡǳ¶Ƚ϶ȪۣǿͱռˣֲСռ¶ᰵ۶ԾԽ˵
Ե˵ͷٶȣöʱ䣬ܻһƿ¶
ţҲ֮ðɣᰵۿЦ˵
ȻȪ۴ڣұڲӦаɣΪʲôƿұڣѰҰԴͷأԳʵ
¶ȻԵ޹γɵġȻطǾ˵и¶


3408 
ҵڣ˳ϣǾͿҵ¶Ȫ۵Դͷ
ԵĻᰵȴҡҡͷ
ֵܣʧ֮ʱ䲻֪
ϻȪ۸ʯΪͣҪھǳѣǻԪۣҲԴƻȪ۸ʯֻдﵽСԲεĻԪۣƾǿƿұڡ
ȻƿұڣҲ޷ѰҵȪ۰ĴڡЩϻȪۣͨûʲôģȴ̺һµĹһұڱƿȪ۱֮ʧ޷ҵ¶ڵĲҲȫʧ
͸̽ͬǲܵģҲ֪жǿɵ۳Թûܹɹᰵ۶ԾԽ˵
Եͷԭ
ֵܣһţ˵ϻȪźйءǵĿǰΪֹƺûܹ֤ʵ˵źȷʵõ¶ֻӺټᰵ˵
ţźڱСתĿ˵
źҪʹʧ֮ǵźĻԪͨԪͨڼСᰵ۳˵
ǰѾ뾰˵¡
һһǼ̸һ̸Եͷ˵
Դۡʱףнɵ߽ˡ
̫ӹϻȪ֮ףнɵʱȪ۵ı
ףнֵܣ𣿡ᰵףнɵۡ
ףнɵ۱мֽţͳ˵һλˣ˵ҪԴۡ
ʧ֮ǴͰ֮һ
ᰵĿ΢΢һתĿ˵ˣ
Ǿͼһɡ˵Ҳӭһ¡
˺ףнɵۣһͬȥԽһɽ£ͿԻλˣ̫һЩԱվȺ
λ̫ĴԺᰵ֮¶Цݣ첽˹
ԴۣᰵԷԺᰵ۹֣ǻĸλ¡
ˣǻĸۣһλʵǿĻԪۡ
ˡᰵ۹ֻ˵
Ҳ۹˹ֵ
ȥ̫פأ֪λȪۣԱˡ˵
۴Ҿֵܵİɣᰵۿʵ
ǣ۵ͷЦŻӦĿֿԡ
λԴۣȻǼᰡ֪ϸ뵽޸۵ǿߡаתҲмָп
ңʲô𣿡΢УŶԷʵ
ԴۣҾֱ˵ˡ˴Դ㣬ҲǷһ֮Ҫ뾰Դ뻢ֻҪԴԸ뻢ֱӵΰĸְ񡣡
ԴӦҲ֪ˣǻʧ֮֮һǻռһϻȪۣǲǳɹ۵ϻȪۡԴڻԵõϻȪۡ
λ︱ۣ˵Щʱ򣬲δܻᰵۡԣڻУ̫㲻ʲôģǸͲں̫뷨۴˴̫ΪԴۡ
ᰵ΢΢һ䣬ȻҲǲãڻ︱ǰᰵҲ޷˵ʲô
Ҽ룬Һܸм̫ͦõģԲ뿪̫¡Ҳ㽫ҵĸмǸ⣬ͼۡЦ˵
Դۣ㲻ھʹ𸴣ԿǼƺû뵽Իܾôɴࡣ
˴λΪԣҲǷǳгˣԳ̫ԡ
Ѿ˾ǱǸҡҡͷ
ȻˣҾͻȥˡԴۡᰵڡ۶ٴι˹֣֮תȥ
Ĺ̺ƽͣԾܾ֮Ҳû߳ŭǲ󣬱ԾܾĻһЩˡ
Դۣ㡭ղţܾ˻ףнɵ۵ɴ۾žԡ
ǰ̫ദúܺãȥʲôЦ˵
ɡǻﰡʧ֮ǣİ֮һףнɵЩ
ڻ︱ۿ뾰Եʱףнɵ۶ΪԴۿ϶ġȴû뵽Դۺܸɴľܾ˻룬ǶûС
ңۿ˵ˣֻҪԴԸ뻢ͿֱӵθԴۣȴӡ
һڣ֮£ǾǸȻ񻢰Ĵᣬһ㶼кüȻˣҲͬѰĸɱСİˡ


3409 ǿ̽
ףнɵ۵˾ھԴ۾ܾ룬ԱȴΪ⡣
ֵܣʵλ˵û뻢Ǳضܹõ¶ԴġᰵһЩθУԼ̫ǣ
²Ҫ˵ˣ̫ܿģ㹻ˡ档
˰һʱ䣬ҴȪ룬оһϻȪۡת˵
û⡣ᰵûκԥͬˡ
ûоԣ̫ͲܵõϻȪۡ㾰ԽϻȪ۲ˣҲŭοֻоһϻȪ۶ѡ
ϻȪ۸һЩĽϾռ¶ǳʱԵģȪ۸κʱҪ˿ء
ᰵ뾰һ뿪ˣȪ۸
ȻᰵѾ˵ˣϻȪ۲ڿҲѰԴͷǣԻԳһ¡ҲԴͷ˷һЩʱ䣬ܹ֣ջ
ûðȻڿұڣȪ۲ȻͣϾϻȪۣҲھ֮ȪҲ¶һж֮󣬾Ȫ۽ԶĵطԷһЩʯ
˵һȷʵǼӲʯͷɲôʯͷ콨û󷨣̶̳ҲǷǳֲˡ԰
ҲΪʯΪӲ콨Ƿǳ飬ҲֻСԲεĻԪۺķѴʱ;ܽһ
ھвֻͨһˣڿôһұڣǺķʱ̫ࡣصǣֵĿҲǼ͡ҡҡͷ
оһҲΪȷʵڿұѰԴͷ
͸Կ۾
΢΢һۣھԵʶ֮£Ӵұڡ
ţ
һӴұڣԾһ
֣ЩʯȻܹԼշȻܴ
Ҫ֪ʮԪСԲλԪۡңԻóĻԪۡ壬ѰĻԪǿܶࡣʧ֮ǵľ޸ۡԴԪĽԴڱлԪť棬뾰Ա塣
ԶĿƣ侪ˡˣЩʯܹһھԵĿ֮վԵЩ˺Ȼˡ
Щʯǲ򵥡԰˼⡣
߶ǿұڡ
ʲôԼͺ
⡭ҵֹҵ͸Щľˡ
ԵʵڻԪռʲôطܹЩֹ͸Ʒ൱ר̽󷨣Ҳܹġ
Ǵ˴ЩͨʯȻܼЧ赲Ե͸С
ߣһߣٴμǿ߶ǿȡ
Եһǿұڲ͸
УұʯգԵļ󡣲Բ׾ͷ̽ϻȪ۵ڲ
ʱһĹȥԵ͸ҲԽԽ
Ըо̫ʱ򣬱ֱʵԴָ
Դʲô
֪Ѿöûˡ
Ӧ̽Ȫڲ
޷̽˵кܶԪ۶Թûгɹƺǣ޷͸ʯ
ףнɵ۵̫ĳԱһֱ۾̸ۡ
ǲҪܾԴʲôǵĹռϻȪ¶ףнɵ۰ڰ˵Դ۵뷨Щܹġ
ǣ˶Ӧ
ᰵۣҲϻȪۣÿֻǿҲûдžԣֻЩɻ
ѵԴķʲôҪȻΪʲôôʱ仹ڳ̽أ

ʧ֮ǣְפء
޸ְ֣ͣǲװְŸոְפصľ޸۹˹֣Ц˵
޸ְˣǾ޸һֱûһʱ䣬޸۲ְפء
а̫ˡְͣҾ޸ҡ޸۴ЦһĿ¶˵
Ǿ޸ֿˣܹ뵽޸ְ֣ԡ޸֣룬ϯѾ׼ˡְдһĶ
룡޸Ӧһдһͬ
ְʧ֮ǴͰ֮һ
һΣд޸ۣĿģͨ޸ۣ˽̫ľԴۡ


3410 з
ְͨ޸˽һЩĿǰ̫ԱľԴۡ
վ޸ܾȰӶǰ̫פضԸԴۣ޸۲սˣʧ֮߶еɻ󲻽⡣ְԴҲá
ʧ֮ǵЩᣬԵľԲֻл
ĸ뾰ԽӴԴ۱ֱӾֹܾͣ뾰ԽӴܾǲľǣЩȻֹͣ˽ӴԣǲδȫϨԴ۵˼
ְһᡣְ޸һЩ飬ͨ޸֮ڣ˽ࡣλ̫ľԴۣǷǿ޸ȡ
ϯʼְһȺ߲Ա޸һʹơ
ϯβʱְ޸ۣʳԼҪ֪𰸵⡣
޸֣̫ľԴôְ΢Цž޸ʵ
ְд۵仰޸Ŀоһ
֮Уְ߲ԱҲĿ⿴޸ۡ
Ҿ֪аͣ϶ֻô򵥡޸ۿƴɲûĻġ
޸ˣλԴʧ֮񣬵޸ӴҾʡ޸ֲ˵ҲûϵǼȾơдЦ˵Ϊӡ
Ҳûʲô˵ģֲʲôаĹϵɲһ㣡޸۾Ŷдۡ
ȻаˣҾ˵˵ȻˣλԴҲϤ㣬Ҳͼѡ޸˵
̫פһ֮ǰ޸ּԴۣд˾޸ۻе˼
޸뾰Դ̫פصһ棬ǵһμ档
ûаҲ֪Դʧ֮ǵʱ䲢ɣ޸۵
֪д۵ͷ
ʵھԴ۽ʧ֮֮ǰʧ֮⣬ҾͼԴۡ˵ҲЩΪء޸˸
˵Ϊ飬ȴûκα֡
ʱԴ۳һɴǷɴǲֵߣǺܸߵȵƷҿĺöȻ˽˽ˣҾס˷ɴ뾰Դ۰ɴ漸졣ǾԴҲСȻӦ
ʱҾͻˣҾ޸ôҲСԴ۾Ȼȫӡ
ʲôаӦܲµˡ޸촽
д۵ˣҲǸе𾪡
д˿˵޸뾰Դֱӽˣ
Ȼǽˣû뵽ԴۿǳᣬʵȴǡȴǡȻԾƺֻǱ΢Ĳôһѡҿǿнɴûʲôϣˣˡ޸۵Ƥȷʵһĳ̶ȡ
Ҳѹ֣˾ȰӶͶˣȴڿԺת¡
д۵ⷬеǿҡ
޸˵Դֻ΢һЩʵϣǲ޸ۣضΪԼ΢һЩҲϾ޸۵Ը
ˣа֪ģѾ㡣ôҲøˣлơ޸վ˳ֳһԵĺɫ޴ͷ£ŵȥ
д۵æ͡
̫ľԴۣ޸޸ǾԴȻ죬̫ܹԷʵ޸뿪һְԱԶд˵
ţд۵ͷְҪ취Դۡ
ǾԴƺԼûʲôȤһ˵
һᣡһ㣬ܻлġ̫Сᣬݵ¾Դǿߣд۾е

ϻȪ۴ľԣۻһ͸̽Ȫ۵ڲ
һꡭꡭꡭ
ʮʱ䣬֪š
һգȪڲһ㲻ͬʯʡ
ǡвΪ֮һ
ʯƺһŹֵʡ
Ҳ¶
Եһסܼǰ͸ڶγԺ󣬾ԵӡҪԼӴΧ㡣
㣡Щ
ķ˼ʮʱ䣬һЩ֡⼸ʮҲ˴ԴڣǷ˲ͬѰĶУҲǷҪ̽Ȫڲʵ̫ˡ
ƺʲô档
㣬ӦγһպϵĻҪ֪ʲôͱ㡣
ԣȫĴ߶Ҫǿеƿ㡣


3411 
˶öʵ󣬽߶ͷ
Ȼܸо΢Ƿȱһ㡣ֻһ㣬ܹ͸㡣
ĳԾʧ֮󣬾Ҳֻܲĵջ
ϻȪ۸˫Ŀǰұڡ
棬϶ʲô
¶ĲҲڲء
ϻȪ۵ڲηǳŹ֡ҵѾ͸޷¶ᰵ˵ǿƿȪұûãȷʵġ棬Ķռ䡣Щռ£ҵɡ
԰תͷ
ҵƺֻһ㣬ܹƿ㡣Ҳ֪ǷҵĴҡҡͷ
ֻܵյʮԪԡվ
ںϱԴյʮԪкܳʱˡڴӻԪռʧ֮ǵ·ϣҲһֱУʹ˲ٴ
Դۣ㡭ˣףнɵԶ־վ̹ѯʡ
ԴϻȪ۸ʮʱ䣬ףнɵۿǱչˡףнɵЩɣǲȪ۸УжֻɣҲԹȪ۸ںϱԴ򣬵ûиоȱ仯
ţˡԶףнɵЦЦҲûн͡
˵ʱ˳ƿ˿ȡ¶Ǹƿƿڵ¶Ȼ١
ףнֵܣˡ˵һذפء
;Դۡףнɵ۵
ص̫פصľԣᰵ۽̸һ󣬱ǽıչ״̬
Դ㣬һʮԪա
ϵĴ¶Դ˳
ٶȣյʮԪ򡣡̷
ڳɴ·ʱ򣬾ʹʮҵĴʱ䣬֮á꣬ʮҵĴȻΪʡˡ
Ծƴ۵յʮԪʹôټ¶ԴԾãԼӦò̫ʱ䣬յʮԪˡ
ˣھԱչǧ֮󣬽¶ķһ֮˵ʮԪ
ԪþԸоԼʵ˲١棬Ҳһǿ
ȥϻȪԿվĿо⽥ȥ
ǧǰ̽Ȫڲ㡣Խ߾ȫֻһ͸㡣ڣԵʵǿһЩÿٴγԡ
ٴѾ̫ƵϻȪʱǸȡ¶ƿǹ˽ӽƿӡ
פףнɵ۴кԱȪ۸ұڡ
һΣᳵ·ϴΣѵʱһЩˣԻ˳ʮʱ䣬ŽӴ㡣
ûб仯ϴҸӦǸ㡣΢΢˿
һͺȫֲھԵĲٿ֮£͵ӿ
䣡ȣҪ͸㡣
վԵǱ赲סˣ͸ʧܡ
ȴûκεʧ෴ΪΣо˱仯
̷һЩʵ֮󣬾ԽԼָʢ״̬
ƣ۵ٶȳ
ھ˰ʮ֮
ۣ㣬ǱԵ忪
Ե˲Ϣ֮䣬ڲ
ˣͬʱһɼǿĿֲѹڲϮžԼԵ
ֻһʹʶʧԺ·Ҫѿ̶̵ɲǣԵɫҰףήҡ
󡭡
¡¡
ʧ֮ǣǾҵ
ڵߣ¶֮ɫҶ֪ʲô顣̧ͷʱ򣬺Ȼ֮ϣĺɫ򣬾ת
ô£
ʲôˣ
ǡǡ
찡Ȼˣۻ򣬾Ȼתˣ
˵򣬾ʧ֮Ͽյĺɫ򡣿ȥǻ򣬵ǲȵ¶ȣֻǳͷų
Ȼת
Ǵδйľ
ʧ֮ǣܾǰʧ֮ǺڣǴδ򶯹ûֹܹоı仯ǰģ֮ǰȫͬλöûзֺƫơ
ȻڽգȻתתͷŵʣҲǳֱʽ


3412 ô
ʧ֮ߴδľ
У
˻֣̿˼˽˷ܡ
Ͽյ򣬴ʱͷų󡣼ھʧ֮ǽԶĵطЩС
ʧ֮ǸСᣬȫжĿǰΪֹ˭Ҳ֪ʲô˾ãʧ֮Ǽȫ򽫱ըʧǿߣͼӽ̽򵽵׷ʲô
ʱľԣ̫ϻȪ۸ڷùʵɫѻָ˺ֻǣǰľþЩ
ףнɵ۵ȶ̫ĳԱվھ뾰ԲԶһĿдž֮ɫ
ϻȪûˣ
̫ϻȪۣʧˡԭϻȪ۵λã˺ܴı仯ұڣȥ¶һĶڡЩɵۣҲ֮ڣֻԼĸовĿռ䡣
Դʲô
ΪʲôϻȪۣӣ
ףнɵ۵һֱȪ۸δھϻȪۡԴۣһֱΪʲôϻȪ۱ӡ
Ի̧ͷϷĺɫ֪ϷĹΪʧ֮ṩʧ֮ڣԳġɵ۲εߣҲһֱһֱķʧ֮ǵ߲ܴġ
Դۣףнɵ̲סǰžԽһ
ʣ׷ʲô顣ΪʲôϻȪʧˣΪʲô䡣
ףнɵ۵תĿףнɵۡ
ͻȻɫ䣬ĿйâһȫȻۡ
˵Լٵغ漴վֱ۾һɻޱȵ򣬽ףнɵ۵ȫɳȥ
ԼҲٶȱˡ
䣡
ʱ򣬴ӳϿյϣһȵĻޱȵĺɫɫٲһк
бλã̫ԭϻȪ۵λáɫٲǸλ֮ͨ󣬰žҵĿռ𵴣һɫâ֮ŷžϢĹâ̿ܵһУǱɫâסΪޡ
ڣЩŷĺɫâֻǸΧһƬ򣬲δƵɢ
վΧľԣĿĶǰףнɵ۵ˣȴһ¡
̫ˣ
ǺɫĹâ̺޷ġȷǾԴۼʱĽǴ˳ǵ³ضǱɫâΪޣЩʯľͽһ㡣
Դۣ⡭⵽ôˣףнɵٴζԾʵ
Ҳ֪ô¡ҡҡͷ˵
Ĳ̫
ֻ֪ԼϵĺȪڲص㡣Լɹ͸󣬱㷢޷Ԥϵı仯Լ壬һɿµţ䣬ϻȪ۰ʧкһɫٲ
һУھԵĹ֮ڡ
һܹȷڣȷʵ˲õĶھԼ̽鵽ʱһֻƣӶ䡣
ףнɵ۵Դ۶֪ʲô£
ûʱ䣬ߵӰԶ˽ӽ
ЩߣһϵıҲǷǳľʡ
γɵĺɫٲкʧ֮ǵ߶ˡ˵ؽһЩߣ̾͸˹
ԴԴϵߣط
Щԭӽ̽ʵǿĻԪۣҲı˷ٶȣԭ̫ϻȪ۵λýӽ
ģۼڸߣΧһȦ
ÿһˣĿⶼ̿ļµĺɫ
ʲôط
кΪʲô䵽
̫ϻȪۣ
ԭǱȰƣǧǰϻȪ̫СϻȪѾˣкݻȪ۰ɣ
λ̫ľԴۣһλʵǿĻԪۣȾ޸ۣ
ʧ֮ǵȪۿɲ٣Ϊʲôкֻ䵽ϻȪ֮ϡѵȪʲôⲻɣ
ۼߣڽ̸š
һЩʵǿĻԪۣҲ½ĵЩİ
ԱռһƬطİȸ߲ԱۼһǣҲڲ²ʲôûܹ˵ȻǴܲ⣬òʲô֤֤ԼĹ۵㡣
ǲӦý̫ľԴͼ۳Ե


3413 ضб
ʱͿ˾ԡֻǣǲδϾ뾰Թǵۣԭܼ򵥣Իƽƽ
ţþԴ۹
Ǿ뾰Դ߰ɣ
ڻͼ˵Ǿ仰Ҳͷͬ⡣
ͼ㻢뾰Դ۽Ӵ뾰Դ۹װЦŶԽͼ˵
޲ɣͼ۵ͷ
뾰Դ۹һ¡ͼ۶µ۷Ը
ǣˣӦ󣬱žԵλ÷ȥ
ʱᰵ˵ᰵʾԷʲô飬Լ˵һᰵһͷˮ
Լ̫ö˶˵ϻȪôûˣô죿Ժô죿
Դۣ۵ֽ󣬶ԾԹ˹֣ᰵ۴к
Թֻ
Դۣǻ⼸λȥһ£֪Ƿԣۺܿ˵
ȻԡԲδܾ
Ҳ֪巢ʲô飬ȻǼԼȥȥ̸̸ǡĿǰ˵ҲڳǿǲˣǻܷһЩʲô
ᰵ˵һԱ۷˹ȥ
Դۣ
λλѡ
İ߲㣬뾰໥к
ԴۣӦ̫ƿصϻȪλö԰ɣװ˵
ûڴ֮ǰƬɫǵȷʵ̫ϻȪλáԵͷ˵
ţϻȪ۱ɫ֮ǰԴƺԴ㣬̽ϻȪۡװ˵
ϻȪã˶֪ġǣԾԹעȽ϶ࡣ
ûһֱڳ̽ϻȪۣûʲô֡ϻȪ۸ʯӲޱȣܴҿϻȪۼܱ̽顣ٵĿǰҲû뵽õİ취԰ٵ˵
δ֮ǰԿɲЩİļһ˵ԼյϢ
ԵⷬҲûʲôɡΪ˵ģȷʵʵЩˣҲԹ̽ϻȪۣûܹɹǣֻ΢ЩɣΪʲô᳤ʱͼ̽ϻȪۣ֪вͨ
ԴۣʱĻԪۡ㣬ûʲôְְд۶ԾЦЦʵ
λʵҲȫ֪ô¡
Ҿã񱻺ɫǵƬڲӦʲôֱӵϵӶͷų
УλӦҲ֪ˣںɫе֮ңⲻͨĵɶƺ΢ԪϢҲƣΪʲôԪϢҡͷźɫ򣬻˵
ȷʵܵ΢ԪϢ
İǵȻҲ֪⼸İʵǿᣬܳ˾޸ۡ
Դ˵ҷǳͬ
û棬һжǣ
棬ضͬѰֻǣһηģǻǲɫڲĳֶͨΪʲôǰףʧ֮ҲδƵ¡
Գԡ
λһô죿ͼ˵
Ǻɫڲʲôֵ޷ı˭õ
ѽ
ʱһӿд
ţһӰ볡СˣǾ޸ۡ
ɫ۵ľ޸֮󣬻ζһеĺɫͷȻžԵλ˹
λڰ
ֵҲڰ
﷢ʲô飿ϵĴ򣬳ôһӣʶˣ޸һ㶼Լˣһ˵һĻͬʱָϿյ
޸֣
޸ûǰ
޸֮󣬲жԾ޸Ƿ϶¶Цݡʵ֮У϶ҲŪ޸ۣ޸ۺѲ⼸Գ֣Ҳûаնɱ޸ۡһþ޸ߣԾ޸۵ıģǵİˡΪˣЩԾ޸һֱſ
ûûûһʱպڳڴš޸۰֣˵
Ȼһĵ˵λҿ϶бġ
޸ԼǣҪ޸ȽȥЦ˵


3414 Ԫ
к޾Ƭ֮ڣγһɺɫǵ֮̽ء
˭֪Ƭ򲢲Ѱ
ЩİҲڵһʱʹŰڴĳԱ
ÿ˶ڴ⣬ɫڲžı
˵Ļ޸۴Ц
źֲɵ
ûҶ֪ܿűҪȥ̽ѰұɲԴܾġЩɫ̺ܼ侪ˡðȻ룬ǲҲ͡
ΪΣգͳȥˣȵڣ
ЦЦҲһ˵ûΪ޸ĻðȻȥ޸ȻҲǺܺʹġ
ƺԸһȥͼЦе˵
ǵӴЩɫͷɻڲ޷̽顣£˭Ըðأְдҡҡͷ˵
ɾɵţҲǰ취ƣƬкĺɫ¶ʱ䲻ʧװ˵
ҵǾãԴӦýȥ̽һĥ˵
ͫһĥ
ϻȪۣ̫ƵġϻȪ۳ô⣬ȻӦ̫顣̫֮ڣԴʵǿҲֻоԴ̽顣
λ˵˵ǲеĥǳա
ĥòͷĿ˵ĻҲǺһӻˮ
ڳˣϱ鶼б仯мλԡѲƶǵȻϣȥðգɾͺá
Դۣ˵أĥֿʵ
ЩᣬȷʵԡԴۼԼİᣬԼİʵõܴǣǲη徰ԣҲ̫ںﾰԣ¾Եʵ޸ȣǿҲʲô⡣ǲǾ޸ۣʵҪԭǾ޸̫ɱ޸۱ֶμࡣ
ϻȪۣȷʵ̫ƿءԵͷ˵
̫̽飬ȷܺʡԼ˵Ҷĥ˼΢ôһĲ⡣
Ŷﲻ⣿˵Ĳ𣿡ĥ۾ʵ
Ȫ̫ģǲ˵бҲ̫Ķλûκιϵһĥ
Դ˵ЦˡбǷͬѰĶôֻ̫ءĥЦһ治ɫ˵
ô˵ðյ̫ġкôȴǴҵģƽ˵
ٺ٣ԴۣҪ˵ôֱкöҲ̫һ˵ԴʵǿᣬȥĻҲδʲôΣաĥ˵
ĥʵҲǿȻΪûʲôΣգȽȥĥ
ԵȻͽɫ
ĥˣҲ׵ðս롣
һʱ䣬ұЩ
İᣬİ룬Ǿ͸ӲˡЩԱǶվԶԶģԼץȥܱȽɫâƷ
ˣ
ڳ潩֣˲Ըɫâֲ뿪ʱһɺƵѹͻȻ١
һ̣еߣеĿ⣬ʡԣҲĿȥ
һӰֶźƵĵ֮Ӱȫ
ӰվھԵ˲ԶҲǺɫıԵش
Ԫۣ
Ԫۣ
Ԫˣ
İڸ߲Ա˾޸ۣλոսߺ󣬾ɫ䡣޸ۣ˲ԭɢ̬һֱеĺɫ޸Ȼڡ
ע⵽ͼ۵ˣǶͷǲֱˡ
Ԫۣ˭һת΢ü
δ˵֣ʧ֮ǵʱ䣬Ҳûᵽ֡Ǵ˵ı仯λԪۣӦǷͬһĴڡİʱֵúèһ㣬ҳ
̧ͷ˿ոյλԪۡԷòϿΪᣬͷΪɫĿ
ڳģܵʧ֮ǵĴߣҲȫһӱðеˣһ̣·ʯһ㡣
λԪۣĿһת˾Եϡü
СԲεĻԪۣôû㣿Ԫ仰ȻǶԾ˵ġ
ʧ֮ڣСԲεĻԪۣƺʶʶԡ


3415 켫
Ԫ۵Ļд󾪡
λԪۣȻһ۾ͿԼСԲεĻԪۡ
Ҫ֪ʱԲδ߶£ǺѿԾʵġϾ弫ǿԾǱȾʵǿߣҲӦܿԴﵽСԲΡȻԪۣһ۾Ϳ˳Һȷ
ǰǾԴۣԴʧ֮ʱ䲻
ԸҪڻشԪۣĥ˵ˣͷ̬
ʧ֮ǲǧ꣬ʱȷʵ
ԪĥĻĥĥˣ
ǰĻԴ۲ûмĥ̫Աĥ˵
̫Ԫ΢΢ü
ǰֻ̫һСİᣬ֮ǰʧ֮ûʲôԴۼ̫̫ŹΪ֪ĥ͵ú
Ԫ۵˵ͷ漴תĿϿյ򡣶ݵʱֿǰĺɫԺ۵˫ĿУ˷֮ɫ˸
ʧ֮ǣ켫Ԫ˵
ܵߣԪ۵仰
ĥԺ˵Ļ󣬾ǵһ¶𺳵ı顣
켫
Ԫ۵˼ƺ켫ںɫ֮ڡ
ǣ֪켫ģ˵ıǣȻδûʧ֮ǵõ켫
֮ĥ˵ɫʼ죬Ѫӿңÿ˵У¶⣬̰
켫ʲôֹ˿ܵˣƺЩ˶֪켫ʲôֻ˽⡣
˭ֵ켫ԪֳˣĿɨͬʱҲӾ޸ۺ;ɨ
ǰ˵켫Ƭɫâֵ֮ڣͼۼ乧ʵ
šԪͷ
ǰ񲢲˷ֵġֻ֪ͻȻ䣬Ȼȱڣдк䵽λáͼСĵ˵
Ԫ۾Żͼۡ
Ԫ˵˷켫䣿
֪֪ˣĥ˷ܵ˵ǰһǾԴۡ
ǰƬ򣬱һϻȪ۵ڡϻȪۣ̫ơԴۣʱ̽ϻȪڲ룬˷켫ôȻǾԴˣˡĥԼϤһС
ţԪȴһתĿžԣ̽ϻȪۣ
ԸоԪͷųѹȷλԪ۵ʵ쳣ǿ󣬱κһ߶Ҫǿ󡣽Դť棬ԶԶλԪȡ
ǿĴۣҲСĽ
ԪۣȷʵԹ̽ϻȪۣҲδʲôҲ֪⡭Ϊʲôк´˵
ǺǡԪЦһ
Ȼ㷢켫ȽȥɣԪ۶Ծ˵
ɫ˲
˭֪ɫǵڣǳΣգԵȻҲ֪Ԫ۵󣬱ȽС
Ԫۣ⡭װɣ켫ʲô֪ԵȻʵľͽȥһȥҲˡ
㲻֪켫ʲôԪƺЩ⡣
İ;޸ۣҲžԡ
ǵģһǵһ˵֡Եͷ
Ҳûϵ㲻Ҫ֪Ժ˽ҲСڣҪȽȥԪ۶žԡ
Ԫۣ켫ʲôҲҪǡ㡭㲻ҽȥλʵǿöࡣҪ˽̽·üλĥȥЧ϶áԵ
ԵĻͼ۵ɫһڡĥûסԡ
ȽȥˣֵˡԪۼþȽȥ
ȥǾ̫˽ȥ̫ԱɣԪ˵
ǰ̫˶Ǳվšĥ˵ͬʱָᰵ۵ڵλá
һŭĥ
ĥȴǲΪ˵Դۣ̫˽ȥǱɡ㲻ᣬڵ˶ɣ
ǰҹȥ̫ԱйĥתԪۣĵı˵
ԪûĥֻžԲĵҪôȥҪô̫˽ȥ㣬Լѡ񡣵Ȼ̫棬ǻǻֵȥ


3416 ûвͬʸ
Ե
ȫ
Ԫۣ
ҲŭգλԪۣԾǿԼǿʵСˣһֱʹޡԼʵ㹻Զǲ׷ŹԪˡΣλԪ۵ʵǿڵľܹ⡣
ܹѹ̧ͷĴڣʵǳǼλܶ࣬ӦܹɱĿǿߡң˶ȻĺԲŻʧ֮ǵη塣
ǲ̫˽ɫâ̫ԱǰᰵۣҲסЩɫâ
ԪۣҲͬ⣬ɱңԿԪۡ
Ԫϣ仰¶һ˿Ц⡣
ǰûвͬʸҪôԼȥҪôҽ㶪ȥԪ۵ͳ˵
仰˵֮Ԫ۵ϣһɺ嫵ͷųƣֲ˼㣬ձͷţ˴ƬĿռ䡣
ƲֱԾԣһƬռ䣬ڿռڵߣʵСһЩģ˲ɫҰף¶ʹ֮ɫԣҲ󷢺һΣϢƲɢ
ǿ̫ǿˣ
ȷţԼԪ۲ɱԼضֲ˶ʱ䡣ǶеֶΣҲԪ۵Ķ֡
ãҽȥǡ˵
ܺãԪ۵һͷ۾漴ϵѹ
תĿᰵ۵ˡᰵۣŲ̫ˣǵžԡ
ֵߡط̫ΣˡʲôֵǵʵҲаֵϣõԲ羡뿪Դᰵ˵
ᰵ֪Ե˼ʵҲϻȪۣԭ̫ƿأֱ仯ȪʵѾ̫ûκιϵˡ˱ԪЩҲ̫
ֵܣһҪСġֻޣʵСﲻ㡣ᰵ۴ԡ
ﾰԣûа취ƴҲκε塣
ᰵۼ򵥵Ľ֮󣬾Աƶ׼ɫ
ھԼеʱ򣬾޸ͻȻ
ֵܣһȥ޸۶ԾԵıӰ˵
ţת޸ۡ
һμ棬޸۵μ档һΣ޸ҪʧߡڶΣ޸۽ܾȰӶնɱԣǾ޸ۼֱߡڣǵμ档
޸ۣ㲻Ϥ
޸ۿ첽ߵߣž˵һȥٺ٣Σգɲܲң
޸Ц
ƾʲôЦ
ƾʲôƾһȥ㿴ôˣһȥѵһ㶼ж𣿡޸۵۾
ͽûϵ˵仰󣬿һ󲽣Ӱɫ
Խ룬޸Ҳ̽ȥ˵˵뾰һͬɫ
Ԫۣδ޸۽룬ɫƽĿӰɫ򣬲ʧС
İȴЩǲ޸ΪʲôҪô
ɫ򣬱ضǼΣաԪѾþȽȥ̽·޸ûҪðգΪʲôžһȥ޸뾰Դֲۣʲôͬĺֵܡ
޸ѾУҲû취޸ѯԭ
ɫ
ԽܣʱγһŨ֣γɡ
Щɫܼ侪ˣžԵ
Է֣ҲֻתԪ򣬲ֵܹסɫʴҲ˵ֻСԲεĻԪۣпýϳʱ䡣ûдﵽСԲεɵۣʱ䶼ֲ˾ͻᱻΪޡ
޸ۣ㻹ˣԿľ޸ۡ
ȻˣΪ˵˵ģ޸ͷ˵Ŀռ䣬ƺܴ󰡣ǣ濴Ĵöࡣ
ţȷʵܴ󡣡Եͷ
޸ۣλԪ۵ʲôˣתʵ
ʱ򣬾ûлѯʹԪ۵Ϣڣóûʾ޸ۡ޸ۣ϶ǶԪн϶˽⣬Ԫ۵ʱ򣬾޸Ǽһǫ
Ե⣬޸۵ı鲻ȻǶ鴤Ρ
£ֵܣһЩģԪ۳֡Ҫ֣ҸҴģɡң¼ֲʱͻᱻɱ޸˵


3417 д˵ȱ
޸뾰ԽֹԶԾԵʵ֪ŵġ
֪ģҲǾյ깥硣Ȼ˵Ԫ۽ֲ֣ܼܿʱ䡣
Ԫۣ֮ǿ
üþ޸ڿšȻδԪ۽֣ɾܹԪϵĿֲѹ
ôֵ㲻ţ
ǺǣʵֻҪ㣬Ԫ켫СԲεĴھ͹ˣҪ˵̫ࡣ޸۽üΪǲĻ
켫СԲ
⼸֣þ΢΢һĿһ˿޷ƵĺȻ
֪켫СԲζʲôδ켫СԲεߡ
켫СԲԺһ
û켫СԲεĿֲڡңԪۺᣬˣʲôʵһŻɱʧ֮ǣûηߡηģˡԪеߣ޸۵۾˵
޸ۣΪʲôʧ֮Ǻֻ˵ỹˣȴδ˵Ԫۣ¶ɻ֮ɫ
ΪԪѾܳܳʱûˣ롭Ҳаʱ˰ɣ޸ۻ˵һʧ֮Ǻܾúܾǰˡûȥź򡣡
û뵽ԪͻȻܿǲŴźɣ޸۽˵һ䡣
޸۵˼ǣԪںܾ֮ǰȥźһֱûлֱ죬䣬Ԫ۲ͻȻɸˣҲǰͻֻû¶档
ˣѹǰûŹԵ˵ͷ
޸ۣ켫ʲôתʵ
ڽ֮ǰԲδ˵켫ֶǣԪ۵ᵽ켫ʱ¶ı鿴ﶨȻǷ
ֵܣ治֪޸۵
治֪ǵһšԵ
һΪǰʱװ֪޸ҡͷԵ˵켫Ҳֻ˵δʵ
˵Ĳ켫СԲεĿֲйء
һЩﵽ켫СԲεĻԪܲ켫ֶȻƺֲÿһλ켫СԲεĻԪ䶼ܲ켫ҲǺ
ţ켫֮һ֮켫ڣ̺һϵԪ򡣿˵ܹõһ켫ô͵ڳɾ켫޸˵Щʱ
ЩҲǴ㵲ѡ
¼䣬Ȼı
һ켫ܹһߣɾ켫֮λ
һɵۣһԪ򣬿ɳƻԪۡ˾ϵԪ򣬿ɳΪСԲԪۡһϵԪ򣬿ɳ켫
˾ϵԪ򣬲һϵȫľԪǾ켫СԲ
վ޸˵ģԪۣ켫СԲεĿֲǿߡ
ڣһֻʮԪȻ˾ϵǾ켫Σ̫ˡ
ֵܣ㿴Ҷ֪޲ԣʲôҾ˵ʲôڣ㿴ҵĳ˰ɣ
Ҳ֮ǣðգֶ֪޲ԣ㣬ɲ嶪Ҳܡ޸۶žԣš
ţܸл޸۸ЩϢЦ
˵ЩϢȻʲôֻҪһ£ЩϢ׾֪˵ˣûʲôֵԼ˵
㣬ֵܣɲܹӲŰ޸۽¡
ˣ˵ɣΪʲôҪҽ۾ž޸ۣҪңǲ˵ʵͲҪңǸ߸·
ֵܣҿĵһҾ㵱ֵˡֵѣôԹۣԣԪ۱Ͼ͡޸۴Ȼģ
ˣЩڲƭҡҲգ㲻˵ʵǾɢ˰ɣ԰ڰ֣׼ǰȥ
úúá޸̾Ϣһίı鿴žԡ
ʵǾãžֵ̽飬Ƚϰȫ޸۵
ŶΪʲôԲ졣
Ϊ㴥켫ܴ켫Ȼһı¡Ҳ֪ôģˡ룬Ƭ˽⣬֮ġԪۣҲ㡣ϾԪ۶ʧ֮Ǵ켫޸ڨЦ˵
λ޸ۣȷʵǺܾӦ졣ңҲܴץסᣬΪҲϧðһƴ
޸ۣ㵹ǡ
ֵܣͽҾ޸ֵܺˣô
޸ֵܣ㵹ǹĺܰ˵


3418 ռ任
λ޸ۣԵûʲô
Ȼ޸飬кܶಢʣʧ֮ߣҲǲһġ٣޸۲ɱסԵʱҲûɱԣֻþԽһıԾܾ˽ʱ޸ҲûҪɱԡ
ǿʳ硣
䲻ͬ޸СֻҪֶɱ˵׼֮Ҳ̫
ţ
ʱ򣬾΢΢һ漴Ŀһǰλá
ڶ˵ǰһϸ΢Բ䶯ںɫ֮ڣܾǺɫ߱ͱҲ޷̿ҪһɲԵ仯ȷʵǺѵ顣
ԻǸӦˡ
ңԼٶԾ޸˵һ䡣
󣬾Ե޸۲дžԵĶಽ
ʱ󣬾ͣתλá
޸Ҳ
ʲô޸۶һԶȥ
ͻȻ̽ȡһֱһ㶪˳ȥ׼䵽һƶǰ
ûΣգжΣա
ƮƮĴϢ
ƺûʲô޸ۿԼı
һ󣬲ûгʲôԵı仯
ھ޸仰˵֮󣬱֮䵽˵ϡӴ˲䣬мһΪ
һĻ޸۵ɫһӺ
Ȼֻһ۱ҲǷǳǿĵ۱ڼӲ̶Ϸǳˡۼͣĵ۱ҪϻȪ۵ʯɴʱȴһΪ
һϢıһΪ
£
߱ǹ³ԪۣضԿסСԲεĻԪۣҲ޷ֱӲ
޸ۿ˿ԣҲҵúܡžԴۣȷʵȫöࡣԼܷǹҲȻ޷ǰôࡣ
Σգ޸ֵܣǵøСĲСĿ˵
ţ޸ͷֵܣҾ͸ˡȥҾȥ

ɫ֮⡣
Ԫۡİдߣԭأźɫ
ԪͻȻüͷһ壬Ҳ֮һ䡣
ѵʲô𣿡Ԫ۵˵
󣬵ܲԶļ
Ԫ˵ȻָԴۺ;޸ۡ
ǰǳʲô𣿡ĥϴֺõЦʵ
һֱӦ˵Ϣǽɫҵĸ֪ͻȻ䣬ȴһӸ֪ͷǳģˡԪۿ˵
֪ˣ
ѵԴۺ;޸۶ˣôˣĥ˶󾪡
Ժ;޸۽ɫʱ̣ܶԼĪҲͰյʱ䡣ô̵ʱ䣬˾棿
¶֮ɫ
ûԪҡҡͷ˵Ǿ˿ռ任
ɫӦǶռһˣһռһռ䣬ҵĸ֪ŻԪۼ˵
ԪۣȷʵǼǿߡǼ޷ںɫڸ֪Ժ;޸۵ϢԪȴǿǾԺ;޸˽һռ䣬ȻģĸӦ
ûûͺã
ɫڴڵΣգҲ޷Ӧġһɳһ˵
Ԫۣʲôʱȥ̫ĻıܾͱԴۺ;޸۽ȵˡװСĵĿԪ˵
ҪȥͽȥˣԪЦһ
Ԫûж
˿Ԫ۲ȻҲҶھͽȥҲûǸԪǰͽɫ
ֹ˴ʱ
ţֱ任һοռ䣿Ԫ
ԾԺ;޸۵ĸ֪ʱȷʵǼȫʧˡ
ƾ˵ʵߵôԶţýȥˡԪ΢΢ͷüͷ
Ӱһ˲Ϣ˺ɫ
İԪѾɫ໥֮һۣÿ˶Լ˼
Ҳ֪˭еĶ֮һȺ˼ͬʱǰ˳ȥٵʧںɫ
ǲҲȥ
Ԫ۶ӣ涨Ȼ˲õıõˣǾͷˣ
ˣҪȥ
ߣһЩʵǿɵۣԼȽŵģѿʼпٽӽɫ


3419 ȷ˳
Ⱥӿ򱻺ɫǵ
ģһЩԪûյɵۣʼɫ
ʱľԺ;޸ˣڼ롣
ֵܣôܹǰģ޸۵۾̲ס˳
ӽɫ֮󣬾ѾǰӶɵıܿ˲
޸ۺ
ΪԼʵȾԲǰڵһ֮Ѿǳȥ֪ܿռ䣬ǵڶֵʱûǰףھ֮һ
طصռ䡣һռ䣬סһռ䣬ġ
ڣӦѾ뵽˵ؿռˡ
ʲôֿܹռӴǺǣ£Կ˾޸һ˵
޸۷˷ۡ
жؿռ䣿޸ۼԲ˵Ҳ׷ˣתʵ
˵ҡҡͷ
̽黷ǿ̽鵱ǰĿռ䣬Ҳ޷̽һؿռ䡣ǣһһɣԼ˵
ţ޸۵˵ͷ˵طƺҲǴһؿռһؿռʱ򣬻ΣաÿζܿҵյĿռ䣬ֻʱɣ
žԣѾ˵ؿռ䡣ĿǰΪֹ޸۾ãҲΣգ޷ܿǿܻģҲûʲôΣյӡ
̫ˡǡ
Σ٣ΪǽĿռ˳ȷġΣһöࡣԿ˾޸һ˵
ʲôҪ˳ȷ޸۾㵡
ûطռף⵽ڽ룬ȷ·ġһߴֻ¾³Եͷ
ֵѵ֪ȷ˳򣿡޸
ʵҲǺһصĸоָоƺѡȷ˳򡣡ЦЦ˵
Եָоƽ޹ʳֵģ֮ǰ̽ϻȪйء̽ϻȪڲĹУԿǺķ˺ܶʱ䣬һ͸̽顣յϢޣǾԵȪڲǱʶļ
ڳֵĺɫҲϻȪϵΪˣԲܰȷ˳룬ҿǰ
֮⡣

ڱԵشҽ
һЩոսɫߣҽ˳
ЩԪûյɵۣںɫʱ䶼֧Ųˡеˣûü˳ֱӾ档һЩ˳סˣҲвش
̶̵ʱڣǱ˲ء
ںɫڣͨĻԪۣ֧Ų̫ʱ䡣
ܹǵĻԪۣ²ΪǴļʱ˳Ϊ˱ﲻľô˳ˣǵעǻںɫ
ҪںɫϽϳʱ䣬һĻҪﵽСԲΣվϵԪɵۡ
İǸԪۣɫġ
ǱԪۣڽɫ򲻾úǾʧȥԪ۵ټǣѾ֪Ԫ۴ʱڵλá
Ԫ۵ٶ̫ˣǸϡ
ǰԪҲǼ
ô죿Ǽǰȳȥ취
ȥ취Ǻǣܵ飬ıɲ취ȱﱻԪߣǵķݣ
ûʲô˵ģѾˣҿ϶ҪѰȥ
طҲЩɫ̺ǿʴҲûʲôɣǵʵֵɫʴʲô¡
İһ̸Ƭ̡
ǵʵǿյԪﵽ˶ʮôȻġ
ûʲô˵ģ߰ɣͼ۵
λǰУСĵ̽ܡ
ͻȻһ֡
ˣûһǰ֡
ֱǰĺӴǲʶ
Ӵɫ䣬һͺ
ȫȻıҪֵһԪɲֶ
ڽ߾ȫ֮£˹ȥλɲ٣ϾںӴʱҲͬʱȡһЩʱ䡣
ܿˣļµĿһƿ
ʲôģɫҰףŭš
ĸѾȱһ顣΢һ˿˿壬ԻһΪ


3420 
æȡһЩɵ̷Щδ
һΣ΢һ˿˿뵽Լƽ
λҲ
оһֻǺܹ죬ǾȻ޷ǰ֪˿˵
ڿ棬Σȷʵܴ󡣼ߣ΢Ҳĥء
λղſһֱǰ棬˭ǰ棿ǲǰˡ
仰˵λͶ˵ˡ
ΣжֲǶۼˣ£ûǰ档ں棬ȻҪȫöࡣ
ǽҪѰģһֱŲߣҲ
Ԫ˵ˣ켫켫õˣܳɾ켫֮˵
ɣųһÿһǰ档ÿ󣬱ֵһǰ档˵Ѿһˣһǰʱλ֮󡣡
Ժеͬ⡣
ţҲû
ôһ´ɣ˭ڶ
ûվڶǰ档
ȻҶԸ⣬ֻóǩˣ
ǩɣ
֮λʼǩ˳
䣡
λǩʱһɹͻȻͷϷ١
λɫ֮һ䣬Ȼ̧ͷϿտȥˣֻһźɫĻ׹Ż̺ž˵Ϣ
ģʲôһλҧ

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ڰĴ߶ҪһŴĺɫȻ˵ܣһƬɫֵĵ򣬵ǸɫĻȻǳĿŻʣ֮ǰͬڽӴ֮ǰѸ֪뻹ǳԶԲˡ
飡
ڻ֮Уһ촫ɫĻѾ׹䵽˵ϣȵϢɨһΧܵĺɫ
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ҽʱ̣ܶʧָܻƽͷųϢҲȫʧܵĺɫҲָԭ
λµľۼһ𣬴ҵ۾ˡ
أҸղƺ˺Ľ
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˶ԣŲ飬˰ռ򷽲źɫصλýӽȥܿ죬Ǳ㵽Ǹط
ͣޱ𾪵ĿŵϡûкӰȴһѻҽϸһҽһЩƬͲƵĿռ䱦ȡ
⡭⡭
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һֵı飬ȷ˻ҽ֮УȷʵǺʹõǼȻѾƬһܹϳӣ³ȻͺˡԶĻҽǺʬ塣
ʧ֮֮һĺѾˡ
ɫŶ̶̲һʱʱ䣬һʵǿĻԪۣ
ʲôĶװ޷ƵЩ
Щİһģɱ鼫ΪḻĴڡǣҲ֪˶ܹе磬һ˳ġÿˣıԵǲǶҲ˾ռˡȻ죬Ƭɫ޷ƵĶ˿־塣
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ڴӵڶؿռһؿռʱһһΣǰװˣް⣬Ӽᶨ˳ɫ뷨


3421 ׷
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3422 
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Զ϶ųľ޸ۺһ󣬱㶯
޸۶ԾԵҲǷǳϤͬˣͬʱ㿪˿ռ任


3423 ھؿռ
Ժ;޸˶ռ֮ɿռԪͷŵĹԶ˵ֶΡ
ӴΧĺɫʱ÷ƶƮ棬Ե촫
Ҫ֪֮ǰȫԸֵռʱ򣬶ûʲôڣռԪ۵Ӵ˴ķӦɼԪ۵ֶ֮ǿ
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ûرķգû󷨷ûߡԣ޸ֺɾʹӡ


3424 켫
ͬûκε塢أ޸۴Ӻ󣬿ڷƿʮ֮ࡣ
Щƿʢŵʲô޸˳һƿ
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ƿ󣬾޸ۿƿʢŵǵҩ
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ռ䱦ָڣֻоŸӴĺڸףһֻЩϻ¶ֵҲԹġ


3425 ɫʧ
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ţڵھؿռѰ౦ľ޸ۣͻȻоܵĻ˲仯
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ˣǳ˰޸δ촽
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ûװ۾ȵıž޸ۺһ
ҵȻûһúúõģô޸Цһ˵


3426 ҹ
İʱ鶼ܸӡ֮ǰλɫ򣬺УҲֻε˳ɫ
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Ԫһ켫СԲεǿߣ֮ǿզࡣȻûн֮أںķһЩʱԼĸ֪֮ڡֻǣν֮ϣ谭ѡ
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ԪǿӲڵھؿռһЩʱ䣬ջǱų˳
ģԪɫѿڡ
Ͳһ㣬һܹ֮أõһ켫
ԪĿһתɨд۵ˣæͷԪ۶ӡÿˣܸоԪ۵ǳԡ
ˣ޸пһ¡
ҲˣԪƺδõ켫Ԫ۵õ켫Ȼֱ顣ԪۣƺҲǱȳˡȻˣô˵켫ܿǱԵõˡ
Դ۵õ켫Ԫλ켫ǿߣ᲻ŭԪŭҲй޸ɾҪˡ
뵽һ󣬾޸ۿʼĵƶ壬Զ룬Ԫδע⵽ԼϽ뿪˵ء
޸ȥģԪ
޸һ£¶ֺõЦݡ
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ǺǣߣΪ㻹ڵڰؿռʱ𣿡ԪЦ
޸۸оԪеɱ⣬һ
ಣ޸һת߶һ롣
ˣԪһ֣֮䣬𵴡
һԪµϢ
Կ޸ѾȥӰӲһƵӰץ˻ƾ޸޷Ӱ
޸ۣԪ۵ǰµѹס
£Ԫ۵һȡ
źƵѹ٣޸۸޷⣬ϥǣͨһ¹ȥԪ۵ǰ
ڵھؿռ䣬ջСɣ
óҿԪ˫Ŀ絶
ǰǰûõ켫޸ȫ޷ܹ˵
ԪϢһ޸۱һɸǿѹøһЩ
ٶһϻֱŪ㣡Ԫɱڵ˵
Ԫۣ޸ȫûжԿֻܽϵĶóԪۡ
Ҳǽеһ䷿ᡣԪ΢˵ͷ
켫ǾСõˡС֣ô֪ܽ뷿ģԪ۵ͺ˵˷ᣬȴûѡ뷿ᡣ
ԪΪ켫һǱԵõˣ켫û˵õôɫͲʧ٣ôϢȻ˵õ켫ΨһĿԣͬ˵ھؿռľԡ
ûϵţ켫绹ҵģԪĿһתҧ˵
ȻţžԳ


3427 ʮ
Ԫ֪ʱһ֮ء
ûϵԳ֮س֮գ֮ʱԪۻɱԣȡ켫ûõ켫֮ǰԪۻ粽˵ء
Ԫھ޸ѲƬ̣ûھͳɱ޸ۡ
ʵϣɱɱ޸ۣԪ۶岻ɱ߲ɱһͷ顣ǣҲûôŹ޸ۣˡ
İ
Ԫ۵ĻУǴһЩ顣
Դûƺǵõ켫Ԫ۷ǳŭ
Դõ켫ְд۾㵵ĵ˵
Դ۾ģ޸УǾԴ۴ŵġ񣬸Ԫǰ켫
ҲѰСԲλԪۣʵȶƫɣ
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Ƕ޷⡣
Զ˵ĴǣҲδʹɢȥҲʶɫȻʧˣ²δԪû뿪˵ᷢ
λ޸ۣôţҲ֪Ҫá
޸ǷŭģСƽʱȻ´ֲڣƤҲ񣬴ʱӡɽգޱȱԪƴ뷨Σվ
ǰ켫ǱС͵ȥ𣿡ĥԪ߽˼һģʵ
˵Ǿ͵켫켫Ԫ۵Ķ
ԪתĿĥһۣƺΪĥĻȽϷ˼ĥ˵ͷ
Ԫ۶Լͷĥĵ׳һЩ
С֣ҵȡԪǰ켫ĥҧгݵĶԶʲôʮ顣
ֺԪۡ
λĥıݣҲ΢΢ЩݡȻҲηԪۣԲĥô޳ܡ
ǰ޸۾ǾһģҲĥֿʼľ޸ۡ
ȷʵôɱ̫ˡҪֱС֮سԪ۶ĥ˵
ǰԼǣɱǣȷʵ̫ˣţĥͷǡ

֮أ
ʱ䲻ϵţһꡭꡭꡭ
ƳԽԽĴ
뿪ԪռʱЯ˴ƴĲϡЩϣ㹻ýϳʱ䡣
֮أķʮʱ䣬ƳһٶŴ
һգֹͣƴ
ϻ¶дʯ׼ãʼմ켫õĵһԪ
ûԲô뿪֮أļƻǣ֮أɾ켫֮Բ֪棬ԪԼȥΪԷһ֮سɾ켫֮Ƚס
ڴϻ¶Դ֮£Ԫֻʮʱ䡣
Ԫ󣬾ͷ켫Ӵˣõ˵ڶԪϢݡ
һԪգķ˾Խʮʱ䡣
켫еԪ򣬺ķ˾ʮʱ䡣
ԣԪѶȣǲϵġͬһԪյԽ࣬ͻԽǼѡҲΪʲôΪ켫֮ĻԪΪʲô˵ѡ
СԲεĻԪȻҲѣڻԪռʱһԪҲûСԲεĻԪۡ켫ԪȣСԲεѶĲʲô
ԼܶСԲԪۣ켫֮ĻԪۣҲֻԪһ
켫֮ǿֲ
켫еԪ򣬾ʮʱա
յԪ࣬ʵҲԿֲٶš
켫еԪ򣬵ûкķѾԵʱ䡣ΪһԪǾǰѾյġÿһԪֻо֮ǰСԲʮԪĻԪۣ˵ÿһԪУѾһ
켫еĵԪ򣬾˾ʮʱ佫աʱ򣬾ԶһԪյԪﵽʮ֮ࡣڵʵʧ֮İѲǾԵĶˡ
ƾ踡һֶΣпڽ϶̵ʱڣɱεĻԪۡȻܹɱҲںϵǬڣôҪɱǼɡ
켫еԪԪ򣬸һЩѣʱ䣬ųɹԪ


3428 һ
մ켫лȡĵԪ󣬾ԲòʱֹͣԪ
Ѻƣ
Ȼдϻ¶ʵȵ亱ԴĸȻеѡ
ԻоԼһԪյ࣬ǴɵаЧҲڼĽ͡
ȻΪṩվֻҡͷ
ֻȵԴΪĶǿߣвͨģǲܳɹġЩ亱Դȷʵ԰ߣΪҪģ
ͨɵۣԽΪԪۣҲһǰͨɵҪ㹻Ļۡ򵥵˵ҪӴԪż˵һͨɵۣܿΪԪۡĻֻҪ㹻ĴͿԴĻԪۣȻ췽ҹ̷
ʱھ˵Ҳˡ
Ȼδʼ켫еĵڰԪ򣬵ҲףԴ켫еذԪİһĽ̫ͣá
ǰ켫Ҳп
õ켫̺һľԪģֻЩԪѡˣ˵ѣĺЩƾںԪﵽ켫֮жôѡ
˵ˣվ˾˵ļϣλѾֻʣһ߽ɫõǰΪ̺˳ɾ켫֮ĵ·ˣҪɾ켫֮Լ֪Ƕ֮
֮أϢһЩʱ䣬״̬ѡ֮켫еڰԪ
һԪ򣬾˳ǧʱ䣬Žա
ˣѾ֮ǧʱ䡣Ϊ켫֮ǿߣһԪ
ѾԤеһһԪҪգѶȽԶԶǰԪܺ͡
ȻˣԾû˿ȴ뷨û켫ųɾ켫ĵ·ǰУ˵켫ǰΪṩĿ𰸡
󣬾˿õ¯ƳһЩȻſʼ켫һԪ

֮УʱڲšǣɾЩˡ
֮ص棬Ԫ۴δ뿪벽һԼ뿪Ķʱպó˱þӵԣ粽롣
޸ۣȻǧȥˣԪ۲δվ
İ뿪ġǣ뿪һЩʱֻǶ֪ǳ켫ҲǼС˵켫ԵĶˣǻǲɱĹע
ߣȥȥ뿪Ҳ˻
֮֮⣬ʼд߾ۼʱʱ̸̣̿¡һЩʵϵ͵ɵۣҲ֪켫֪켫ʲôı֪켫˾ԴС
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᲻֪ԪţԱһֱ
ȷʵпܣ֪ɣǿ϶ңҲô
ԴһֱǵõȵʲôʱһֱǾһֱţ
ǺǣƺûҪɣ뿪ѵ˭㲻ɣԪҲû˵߰
ǣ֡Ȼû˸Ԫ۵Ľǰ֣ûʲô֣ھԪۺԶĵط
һգһɫ۵ߣ֮⡣
ߣǿޱȡ֮˵ģԪ۵ĲԶ
Ŀ⣬ֻԪۡˣǼİû࿴һۡ
ϣĸһĨЦ⡣
Ԫѣ˵켫ɫ۵ߣԪ۳ʵ
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ôԪ˵
ûǵһʧ֮ǣ
ѵһ켫֮ǿ켫֮²ҶԪô⣡
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Ǻǣͦ졣ԪЦһͳ
Ȼʧ֮켫ϢѾ˳ȥȻЩԪʧ֮·;ңԶȻдڵõصϢ󣬵ִʧ֮ǡɫ۵Ĵۣˡ
켫֪ˣȻһԪѣ켫ĪѾ֣ɫ۴۾Ԫ˵
ߣ켫Ȼҵģ㣬ˣԪһ


3429 켫
Ԫѽ켫Ϊ֮
ɫ۵ĴԪ仰Ц
ԪѲصģȻ켫ѱõԲб˼λ۰˰֡
ֻһֱ켫ʥȴδлԼĿȻԪѵõǷóҼʶһɫ۴΢Ц˵
òؿյѿ켫Ҳ޷ֻڻУ켫δСԪҡͷ˵
ڵԪۣʵģؿմߵԲؿմεĻԪۣԪҲûʲô취ԸǿӲǿ϶ǲеģؿմۿɲʧ֮ڵЩԪۣҲһ켫֮ǿߡ
ӲĲУֻһЩȻԪۻǵĳʲôӡһ켫Ĺ˭ͺ˵ˡ
ԣԪȻϣؿմ뿪ʧ֮ǣҲֻܾıֿƣ޷ǿҪؿմ뿪
Ŷ켫ȻԪѵУ
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һʱһСǰõ켫ûϵСܲҾͲţһֱ֮ز
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ؿմۣΪʲôʧ֮ǣǶ켫ûκ˼ôܻһлᣬȻҲ켫켫ѾԪУԪ۲ɱڣȻ
ȻһСԪѵǰ档Сܲҡţ˺棬ҵҪСǸʲôؿմ۾˵
˵⻰Ҳ˵žԳ
Ԫüվû˵ʲôǿӲĻ
ݼؿմۣʱĥһתǰԲؿմ۰
ĥǰʶؿմۣؿմǵһʧ֮ǡǣĥ˶ؿմӦԪʵ൱ǿڡ
ѵãȻúãУ΢ļλؿմۡ
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ǰʧ֮ĥɳ磡ĥɳЦŹ˵
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ԣĪǾǴˣԪǰõ켫ؿմĿתԪۣЦ˵
СԪۺ
λǰСо޸Ļ˶뾰Сһ֮ѣɳָľ޸ۣһֱѰһˢڸС
޸۷ŭĥɳۣ

֮أ
˳׼󣬴켫нյھԪʼա
Ȼ׼ھԪѶȣǳ˾Ե
Ѿ˱׼Ĵ𰸣ҪԼȥȥ̽򣬿ɽչȻ쳣Ļ
ɾ켫ίʵ̫̫ˡ
ʱ֮У֪ǹꡣȻһھԪ򣬾޷ƿء
ʱϵԴ˴롣һգƴĲ϶ˡϻ¶Ҳķ˳סʯǺķѵĸǲҲҿڵ뿪Ԫʱ򣬾˺ʯ
ϣҿ֮أõһöܹĽɫָ򣬾ϵʵԴԶԶġ
˽ʱ䡣
һգٴε۾۾ܣһԪ˲ֳ
һΣԪ֣֮ǰ˺ܴĸı䡣ʱԪ򣬳˼ΪԵ֡
ԿеԪ򣬷ΪŸ𡣶һԪԣ⻪䣬ԪһµͼԪǰࡣ
ԵܣһǶʮԪơ
켫ԿУ˵֡


3430 ͬն
켫֮
֮ʱ䣬ڴﵽ켫֮һ˶ʮԪ켫СԲλԪۡ
£նʮԪĻԪۣܴﵽ켫֮ʧ֮Ǽ˶ʮ߽ӽʮԪĻԪۣ켫֮䣬ʮǧ
켫Ѷʵ̫ˡһ˵ҪʮԪ֮󣬲ܹĳһԪгںա
ܹﵽ켫Ͽ˵Ϊ켫Ĵڡû켫ǾԵ֮ҲҪʮԪ󣬲ܹԾеĳһȥյ¡
Ȼˣ㾰յԪֻжʮĸʵѲͬնˡľԣҪɱѰĶʮԪԪۣǽǼ򵥵顣
֮أվԼơ
⡭켫֮𣿡
ǿʵ̫ǿˣСԲ켫ȫȡߣʵĲࡣ
Ҹо켫֮ĻԪۣյԪ࣬ҲܹɱռʮԪķ켫֮Ԫۡ
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ף
켫δʧ
ԭΪ켫еľԪ򶼱֮켫֮ʧɴʱԿ켫ȻɢŽɫΡ
ʶģһ֣ųԼ
켫ӴɫԲ켫ǻΪһŨҺ̬Ľ⣬ӿ뾰Եڡת˲֮䣬ɫĹâȫ뾰Ե塣ûκĲٿ֮£ɫĹâ뾰Եһ塣

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켫塣
ϸĸӦȷ켫ԼΣգ뵽Լ֮ڡ켫Ҫ϶ʱ䣬һӱܹȫա
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ӻԪռʧ֮ǵ·ϣɱɱ춷ɱɱԴɱȫûȥѧϰ
չ죡
Ҵﵽ켫֮켫ѧϰɱǼо谭ˡ
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ɱ󣬾ֽ뵽Ǭ֮Сû취ɱ뵽Ǭ֮ڣ㲻ܼѧϰɱ
ˣһֵһֵĽ뵽Ǭ֮ڡ
ɱԴɱһҲźķ˾ʱ䡣
ǬһǬһںɱɱǬһľܣᳬ󡣽ܽɱ뵽ǬڶǬǧػ֮УôɱӵĿֲֻǣʩչɱǬǧػѶȱȽϴ󣬾Գ֮󣬾öʱԼҲ
ǬһʩչϾֻͷųһ⣬׿ơǬǧػȴǲĽĻռ䡣۴ķԱȣǬǧػǬһѵö࣬ǿʩչɱǬǧػǶ޷۳Ρ
żɣ
ӽ֮Ҳʱ䡣ʱ򣬳ȥˡ΢΢ͷ
Ҳ֪Ԫ۵ˣǷѾ뿪ˡ԰תͷ
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ңһˡʧ֮ǼˣСߣͬв˻Щߣȥȥʼ֮άŲٵ
ԪһģѲǲؿմˡؿմ⣬ǿߡλڲؿմ֮ʧ֮ǡ
ڵλÿжϳҲԪۡؿմ൱Ĵڡ
ؿ֣˵ǸоԵС׻ڲ֮أᣬ˰ɣһ̧̧üؿմʵ
ҲʱˣǸоԵߣȴһֱû


3431 ׾ӵĻ
˵һϮɫۣͷ͹«ò󣬱Ϊȱۡ
ȱ֣Ԫѡ켫֮ʱԪѾʧ֮ǣҲȸϵġǺǣҵʧ֮ǣѾ켫ǧˡؿմЦ˵
Ԫ֣ȷǾС֮أȱֽĿתԪۡ
Ԫɫˮȱ۵Ļתӿȱۡ
ȱۣΪΪʲôһֱģԪ۳˵
ŲѾԪŬѹƵĽˣҪɫǲܵ顣ԪۣܷвؿմۡȱЩʧ֮ǡ
ԪֲҪᡣǾãС᲻ʲôֶΣܹĵ뿪
Ȼⶼʱˣ֮أҲǲ֪ģ޷֪ȱ۴Цһ
Ԫ۱˱䣬Ȼ˵ȷʵֿܣģֻ˷ʱ䣡
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ǺǣЩϼһƽʱҲûʲô顣ҲţͶʧ֮ǶһЩʱ䣬㲻ʲôһλɫŶĴۣЦ˵
λԪۣΪֺۡ
֮⣬λԪۣʵ׿
ԪۡؿմۡȱۺֺۣĸУλ켫֮ǿߡֺ۲켫֮յԪ࣬Ԫ϶Ѿӽ켫ʵҲɲ⡣ΪˣԪ۵λ켫ǿƽȶԻ
ңλֺۣںܾúܾǰźǽź򵱳Լļˣƽʱٻźγźʧ֮ǣҲΪ˵ʧ֮켫
ֺߣܹõһ켫ɾ켫֮ʵޱȿֲˣɳԽԺۡؿմۺȱ۵ˡ
֮أ
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ھԳ֮صͬʱԪ۵˾ͷ˾ԵӰ
䣡Ԫ۵һȡжԪ˲伤ֲأڷֹߡ
СڻǳˣԪ۱žŭȵ
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ˣǵõ켫ľԣؿմ۳˵ѯʣֺ
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ؿմ˶Ź֣û˳ӦԪ۵Ļ
ЦԪ˵⾰ˣоԵ߸ҲУϿܴڵ켫ԲܹԪۡ
Ԫۼؿմ۵˲Ӧаһ䣬ֿԡ
С켫гԪȵ
ûгֱնɱԡ
ȻҲһԣ켫ϵشѹɱ⣬Ū켫ǲھԵ˵
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˵ʲô
ɶ񣡻˶֮أôûõ켫Ԫۺȵ
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ȷʵõ켫
Ȼ켫Ѿõˣ˵û켫֮أֻһ켫֮꣬ʹ켫Խ˵
ԵĻԪ΢΢һ㶡ؿմ۵ˣҲǳԵı仯
ܿ죬Ԫ۾Цһ
Ѷᣡ켫񣬲ʱ䡣˵ʱ䣬õ켫С֣ȫԪ׾ӵĻԣԪ۸ͲžԵĻ


3432 ֵĻ
Ԫۿüһ켫еԪȫǲܵ顣
˵εĻԪۣ켫֮ĻԪۣڼʱھһ켫еԪҲǲʵ顣
ԣԪ˿žԵĻ
Ԫۣȱۡؿմۺֺ۵ˣҲžԵĻ˵ԼѾʹ켫˵켫֮ûдٺ߻пܷġ
С켫óǵʥܹȾָģλĥͻȻһȣ˳žԺ
תĿĥ
ĥɳۣھԽɫ֮ǰͶָֻšԪ۱ȾԽɫ̽·ʱɳ۸ΪԪҡź
ʱԾɱĥɳˣֻǵʱԼʵܻɱɳĻԪۣ
ʲôСҲԼʲôƾ㣬Ҳ뽫켫ΪУ㣬ԹԽ켫ԪǰǻʹһЩĥԵĿ⣬ˡ
ʵϣ㾰켫˳켫ĥɳҲûκιϵԪ۵ǰɳ߾ûκλõ켫֮ôѣҪΪˢڸУҪԪ۵˼סܹΪ˳۶һЩô
Եͳ˵
ԵĻɳ΢΢һ¡漴ǴЦ
ƾ㣬Ҳ˵ֻСǲѾ֪Լ˭ˣ
㿴޸˶Ѿأ
ǲ֪ߵغ޴ɳ
ԵȻҲͿ˾޸۹Ҳܲµ̡ɫʧ뵽ھؿռľ޸Ԫۣ׾þ޸뿪
ֵܣˣ޸۹ž˵
Ϊ̫ʱ䱻Ԫѹƣ޸۵ϢѺ΢ԵήҲ
ü
С켫ǲܹռĶ򣬿ɱҷ飡ԪȻԼƽȻԼĽꡣ
ûвؿմ۵ˣƾԡֻҪ켫ھϣͲµòڣؿմ۵˶һԣΪܣձ
ҽ켫ԪͻŹҺ;޸𣿡ԿԪ˵
ԪĿжʱ¶ϲɫ
ֻҪ㽻켫ұ;޸Ԫ۵ͷ˵
ֵܣ˼޸˵
ܶ϶Ĵָ
Ԫ۴ֻǡû켫̯˵
޸۾һɣոϸֵϲɫס
Ԫ۵ɫٴκ
λԴۣǡ
Ϊ켫ĲҪˣ
켫һˣ켫ȻҲûˡ
ѾŭԪۣˡڸıԸ⽻켫ԪҲŹ
ɳ˵û޴
Զ˵һЩߣҲǵĽ̸ۡûõ켫ǴĿ֡ܽΣûκιϵ
СˣңԪŭɶԼˣŪˡ
ǰ
ĥɳһתԪۣĵĽһ
С֣Ȼʧ֮ʱ䲻ǣ̫ĳԱ˵̫ЩܺãǶ̫ᰵǸᰵǸŮˡ
ǰǽ̫Щ˶ץ룬ӦòĿᰵ˱ɱɳۣԪ۳һ⣬̫Աвԡ
һ޸޷Ծ̫вȣټ̫أ
ţԪĿ
ݣԭȻǲмֶεġΪ˵õ켫һжʲôֻҪõ켫ӰһЩʲôֱɱԣЩ켫ھԵϡ
ĥɳ۵ĻĿеĺ⣬Ũ˼¡
ְˣжĥɳۣҲݡĥǱСˡ
㣬Ϣ΢΢һ׽̼С
΢΢һ
һȵӿ
ֱ̧ۣһĥɳ۴˹ȥ
ԶԼ֣ĥ¶Ц⣬ںʵȻܲɱɳۣǻԶɳ۾ãֻҪʱһЩʵǿɱԵġ
һѵõĻᣬһԪ۵ǰԼĻᡣ


3433 һնɳ
Եĳ֣ûɳ۾壬Ļڴ
ɳһЦ
䣡
ɳ۵Ķ죬ȡһҪ뾰Բɱ
ţ
ֻǣλɳ۵˷֮Ÿողһȴɫ䣬¶֮ɫڶݵʧ󣬾ɫͱ˺ȻʼҪܻܡ
ǣȻûжܵĻᡣͷųĽ⣬Ѿϯɳۣܵ˽֮ϵĿֲⲻֵܹĹ
޿ɱܣɳֻȫ߶ԼֵԵһ
һ⣬ֱ˺ɳ۵ֶΡ̼䣬⽫ɳûӰ֮Уɳ۵Ĳҽ̶̵ֻһ˲Ȼֹɢɳ۵ʬ嵹˵ϡ
һУ
ֻһУԴ۱ɱɳۣɱʮԪΪĥСԲλԪۣ
κ˶󲻵ġ
ʧ֮ǣǰһʧ֮ǵߣ֪УһԴ۵СԲλԪۡԴʵǿ޸۶Ը뾰Դɱǣû˻ΪԴܹɱİûΪԴһоɱİ
ĥɳۣһʮԪСԲԪۡڣվ۷ǿߡ
Դ۳ֶɳ۷ʱ򣬺ܶ˶Ϊλ۽ɱһЩʱ䡣ְװȰİҲûΪԴܹɱ൱ɳۡ
ԣɳ۱նɱʱ򣬼еˣסˡ
ԪۣҲһŵžԡǵãһμԵʱ򣬾طʱ̽˾Եʵ֪ʮԪСԲΡڣȴһնɱɳ硣
㡭켫ˣԪ۴ص˵
켫ǿߣ
ôܣôܣǰ㲻ʮԪСԲûȾԻشԪ۱Լ˵
ؿմۡȱۺֺˣҲ仯
ɳ磬ûлشԪ۵⣬˵ɳ۸
Ͷɳɱ⣬ɳԪ飬̫˵вʱ̲סֻɱɳۡ
˵ʵһлɱɳۣԼЩ𶯡֪ԼΪ켫֮ʵǳǳ޴󡣿ǣһɱɳۺǲ⡣
ɳʩչһǬһںװɱǬһ
Ҿһָоɳ۵ʵǿһأҲסԼһǬһܣ̫ǿˡ
ľ޸ۣĿĿžԡ
޷Ƶģ뵽ԼһμԴʱ龰ʱס˾Դ۵ɴҪӾԴۣԾԴ۳ˡԱһڣ޸һѣĸоҪ֪սɳۣ΢ôһġ
ĥɳۣˣ
ԶΧ۵Ⱥ˳ˣƺڻԼľ
ԴۣһնɱɳۡɳۣѾˣܳף𡣡
⡭ôģ
Ƕ˵Դ޸ʵ൱˵ԴֻʮԪĻԪ𣿡
ҵ졭
ЩߣٿԵĿ⣬֮ǰֲһЩĥĳԱûΪͷ
ʱ򣬾ת˰Ԫۡ
Ԫۣ˵ˣ켫ѾʹáԻ˵
ܣܣô̵ʱ䣬㲻Ԫҡͷ
ȻѾչ¶켫֮ʵǲԸţ켫ѱȫõ
㲻ţҲû취Цһ
ģȥԪ۱鼫һŭ֮óԼԾԷ˹
Ԫͽ켫ΪԼ֮֮⣬ʱ䣬Ϊ˴Ӿ켫޷ܣ켫ѱõʵԣھҵĲ֮£ԾԺȻ˹
ȻˣԪ۲ʧȥǡΣǿޱȣѰ鶼̫ԾԳ֣ʧȥжʶȷʵǴﵽ켫֮ͬԼģż㾰Գ켫֮ĻԪۣһԪ۵Ķ֡
Ҫɱԣ
Ԫ۳֣б׽սһЩ
ǬһҲˡ
ǰһ̣ҲûоǷҪԪ۳֣ϾԪۺʹﵽ켫֪֮ԼʵܲܵеùԪۡȻԪȳֺ󣬾Ҳûѡء


3434 սԪ
켫֮ǿߣʧ֮ڲ֡
еĺ棬κ˵
Ԫֳһɫĳǹ߶һζԺɫǹϷųһ׺ݵȥ
Ԫ΢Ϥˣ֪һе֡
ߡ
һУ˵Ԫֵߵʩչ׶ΣΪ׶Ρм׶κ͸߼׶ΡԪۺٽ߼߼׶ΡһϾƴˡ
Ԫһ֣м׶εߡؿմĿ˵
ǰԪȷʵûСﾰԵ˼ȱĿо˸
СﲻС⡣Ԫۣһնɱԡֺһԣҡҡͷ˵
ʱ򣬲ؿմȡȱۻֺۣѾ˵뾰ԺԶĵطߣ͸˵ˣǸҿ켫ǿֵ߽ĳء
޸ۣҲûӳ˺ԶԪ׼ԾԳֵʱ򣬶Ծ޸۵ѹƾʧˣ޸ܳŻԶԶġ
벻벻ֵܣȻѾ켫֮ǿˡֻǣ»Ǵ򲻹Ԫ϶޸۶ԶųУֹš
޸ۺ޲ýԪ̻ûǸʵԪǰ̫Сˡ
䣡
Ǭһ۵Ľ⣬Ԫʩչײ
ޱҫ۵ĹâӶײıǵȹâһС̫˶ֱӡ
Ƭ֮󣬾Եǵ˳ȥѪҺ䳤ա
һߣԪȴǽףϢԸ
ԣ߸СԪȣԵʵǲ˺ܶࡣ
Ȼ켫Ϊһ켫֮ǿߡǣյԪϾֻжʮԪϣԪ֮Ĳ࣬˵Ƿǳľ޴
棬ںװɱǬһм׶ε߲׽ܣھУҲԪеĺɫì١
⣬Ԫ
Ԫ۲켫֮ǿߣôԵĵ֮ԪһսȻԪ۱Ҳ켫֮
סΣĿۣŶԪۡ
Ȼסˣؿմһ
ؿմ۵ˣþԿܵסԪм׶εһʵϣȻˣȴǵסһ
Դ۵ЩŹ֡ȱ۵ͳ˵
ţȷʵܹŹ֡ʩչΪλԴۣȷʵǳ򵥰ᣬȻܹҳֺ۵˵ͷ˵ԵЩ̾
ֻǣյԪ̫ˡղҿֻжʮԪɣԪۣȴʮԪ򣬲̫ˡȱ˵
㹻ʱ䣬ɾͽ󡣡ֺ˵
ϧԪ۲ʱ䣬ڽ죬Ԫ۾ͻɱ켫˷˰ؿմҡͷһϧı顣
ϧԻᱻԪɱϧ˷켫ѾΪ켫֤֮켫Ѿʹˡ

ԪûиϢָʱ䣬չԾԵĵڶιɱԣͷ֮ޡɵһ֮˼ʱ䣬ȵȴһաΣþԼȥ
Ԫ۵Ĺһ
ղŵһѾˣ΢綼ֱŵһҲȫԣҪסԪ۵һιֻܡøһֶˡ
һתȡ˺̨
ֳźֳ̨ű׽
磡Եӿӿ̨
һɲǣõһ磬Ȼ٣Ԫۣڡ
һУԪһЦͬʱŭ
ںɫ򣬵ڰؿռڣԾʹһ깥ҲһУþԺ;޸лᣬ뵽ھؿռ䡣Ǹ磬ǵʱڵڰؿռ䣬Ժ;޸۾ͻᱻԪֱնɱ
ڣٴʩչһ깥
ߣԪһߣ׼˲Ӱ졣
Ȼһ̣Ԫ۵۾֮Уȴǳãɫ
Ѿǰ׼Ȼ绹Ӱ쵽
ھԽ֮֮ǰʩչԸԪۣԪ׼£Ǹȷʵ޷ԪӰ졣ǣľԣ귽Ѳǵʱܱȡܣ֮ǰ֪ǿ˶١


3435 Ϊ
Ϊǿȵֱܼ
ԣԪѾ׼ܵ˸һӰ졣
ţ
ͷųȥ֮Լ΢е⡣֮أԲδʩչܡʱԪ۽֣Ǿڴﵽ켫֮һʩչ硣
Ӱ쵽Ԫۣ󲻽ϲ
ԸоõԪʩչʧȥԪ۳Ĳٿ֮ؽ͡
ƣ
б׽ٻӶǬһϮɱ
һΣǬһԪ۵ߡ
ֻǣӽδ븡縲ǷΧʱԪ۱ѹҷһͺǿг忪õĸ硣
СΪƾСɱңԪ۷ŭ
ʵɱԣҲȳҪɱԡ
븡磬ܵ깥Ӱ죬Ԫ۵ŭ
ǡ깥
⡭ôǿ깥ԪֱۣӰ죿
ô£ԴϢȷʵᣬͶȻ󡣿ǣȻȼ깥
˷ѽ⣡
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ԣڳΪɵ֮󣬿޻͸Եòȡˡʱ;ڶ硢ȷϡ
ȫԪһЩɵۼϲлһҲǽڸλϡΪҪֶεģίʵǼȺ
˵ˣԼ۱̫ˡ
ܹӰ쵽Ԫ۲ɵ۵ĻǾ͸ټˡ
ڣԵĻȻӰ쵽ԪۡԪۣǿճʮԪ켫СԲԪ۰
ؿմ۵ȼˣš
Ԫƿ֮󣬱ǳֵסǬһɱ
ŭٶȵĶԾչһΣߵĹ˸߼׶Ρ
磡ûκԥų硣
ɶ񣡡Ԫ۸ո˵֣Ŀٴαã
֪磬Ȼ޷ܵӰ졣Ǹ߼׶εߣҲۿۡһҪɱԣɾûôˡ
ҾͲţͷ깥ڶƿԪ۶Ծŭ
ԣ΢΢ɳһڷţԼҲЩģԼ壬ͷŸ硣ڣˡΪ켫ʣ˲ֲġ
ͷŸԵУȷʵҪĴ״̬£Ҳ޷βϵʩչ硣Ȼ켫ڣԵĸȻ˵˲ͷţʩչûκġ
λԴۣˣ
ȷʵǷǳҲͷų
ֶɱѡ
ȱ۵ˣվڽԶĵطĽǶԪҪɱԴۣǶʱܹġ
Ԫȫʩչ߼׶ߣΪܵԴۻӰ죬ߵܴȽ͡Դ۵ܵסˡؿմ۳˵
ֺǵ˵ͷüҡҡͷ
ȻʱԴܹסԪ۵Ĺʱ䳤ˣǻᱻԪɱֺ۵ͳ˵
ֵֺ˼ǣȱۿֺۡ
ԴۣϾոյ켫֮յԪҲ̫١ʱ䳤ˣתȻϡǸʱ򣬼Ԫۻǻܵ깥Ӱ죬ߵǻþԴ۳ܲסֺ˵
ֺ仰ȱۺͲؿմۣΪȻĵͷֺۣ˵ûάָǿƴɱĹУŷǳߵҪԴ켫֮϶޷ԪȡʱһˣԴ۾ͻ޷άֹǿȶʧܱɱ
Զ˵Ĵߣһ򶼵ɴ۾ųеĲɱǿܿôԶҲܣ켫ǿߵĲɱɲô׼ġ
ȥ²У
ԼҲѾʶһ㡣˴ʱʩչǬһѾЩˡԪۣʩչʱǿûС
ô죿ͷת
ȷƴɱ֮У̷ѰɵָǸʵ


3436 ΪʲôΪʲô
ڽս֮У̷ɵЧҲޣΪԷֳɵҩЧָԼķѵ
ֻһɵܹڱ»ָߵȻɵ̫ˣָĵǱοԵҲûдˡ
֮Լزһա
ϻ¶ԴЧԻʱ̷ϻ¶Ҳû㹻ʱӦЧ
Ŀǰȷʵûʲôð취ֲĵ
ô죿
һϣǬһʩչضͣ޷ʩչʱ򣬸εֵԪ۵ߣסԽֱ
ԣԪ۲ܷŹԡֻҪԪ۱ضᵱɱԡ
Ԫ۵ĵȾ̫άִ˵ǿȵĲɱԪԻֲܼʱ䡣ԣǳƣ̬
Դۿסˡ
ǰܣѳ΢½
Ŀǰοֲ˰յʱˡ
ؿմۡȱۺֺλǿߣñȽѾ־ʩչʱô˳ˡ
վҪԪаֺٴεҡҡͷ
ԪΪ뾰ֱӽֵˣȻܹΪĸ֪ϵı仯
Сǲ׶Ը깥ϵʩչȴҪݽˡ
ԪЦ
ҵҪ㻹ܵҼУԪкɫǹڿռ
ɫû˵ΪԪ˵ʵ룬ҳӦİ취
Ҳߣǳͷֱӷˡ˳ʮԪ켫ǿԪۣܸĻᡣȻиһֶӰ쵽Ԫۣǵʱ䣬ԼӳԪ۵׷ٷΧ
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˼࣬ǱܵĲһͷҪֲĺ
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ʲô
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ķֳ
쿴ƺλáȻһкôֲ֪ǳ۶ܹɫѵԴ۲δ֮ص켫ֻߣ⸽еڶ֮أ
һʱ䣬Ⱥ𶯣Ŀ
ȱ۵λǿߣ¶֮ɫҲ֪ʲôΪٴεķ䣬켫ѾԴ߲ʹõ
ϷֳĿٵĽ
˶ϵ޷ŵǣһСȻֱھԴ۵ϡеˣԲ۾
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һ󣬾ԵĿУŷһ⡣ʱ볤Хһ
ݽΪ̵£Ȼֳһڱĵ
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еı׽ǰնװѹǬһ۳ȫʢĽ⣬ŶԪϮɱȥ
ʲô
ģ⵽׷ʲôΪʲôΪʲôԪԽʵҪ裡


3437 ֮
ԪЩЪ˹
뾰һս;úܱΪоԼʵ޷ȫԾԷӳòܡò׿ԵΪ̣Ԫ۽ҪɱԵʱĪİԡ
ʵκԪ۵λϣ¶Ҫ衣
ؿմ۵ˣҲɵˣ
Ԫۣʲô;ʹɣľ
ֻҪ֧֣ͲҪԪ۵ˡ
λҲ֣ԾԼҲܹסȣĸɲֻܶԸһˡֻҪ㹻ȫͬʱӰˡ
һԾͲҪ±ȺֻҪʼճӯȫڲ֮ء
ɶ񣡡Ԫ۷ĶԾԹ
ʱһš
Եĵһ̶ȺΪԲĵԻָȫʢ״̬
ԪۣȴǽЩԲˡάŸ߼׶ε߹ͬޱȾ޴Ҳƣʱʱ
ɶ񣡿ɶ񰡣Ԫ۽еĲŭ
һƿ֮Ԫ۵ӰͻȻȥ
СţӵţԪӰһԶȥ˲Ϣʧȥټֻؼصš
ȻķŭԪһ㣬Ҫʧ֮ɱԣǲܵ顣˵ֻҪڣǾԾͲܱɱǣֱܹӽɱ
ԣǼȥģֻԪۡһĵһ̶ȣ߿߲ܶˣŴʱܱ۷սǳΪá
Ԫ룬Բδȥ׷ΪҲףԪһĳ룬ʵסԪ۵ġ
ϾԷ˳ʮԪ켫СԲλԪۣ
Ԫ֮󣬲ؿմۡȱۺֺλµı
շ飬̫ˡ
ԪǵǿĴڣԾԾȻòܣԪۺεݣڶԪռ䣬о޴ǿߡλԴۣ˵ʵ֮ǰǶδ˵
Զ˵ڶΧߣҲֹۣͣѾ˵ˡԴʧ֮ǣ㣬Ҳʱ䣬Щʱ仹϶֮أ
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ھԴǰҿɵǰĳƺ
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ԪۣһϵȫԪΪ켫ֻ֮һϵǾһά켫֮նϵǶά켫֮ϵǾά켫֮
ǿģȻǾά켫֮ҲΪάԲ
άԲƺֻϵĳɾ͡ؿմ۵ˣû˵оάǿڡ
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Ԫۡؿմۺȱۣһά켫ֺۣ֮һά켫ǡ
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ʵڷţԹʱ򣬲ؿմ۾ͷųԸӦ򣬵ͺô
۾һ£Ц˵ţȷʵˡ
ֻҪ룬ֱԼ˵һ䡣
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켫֮ǿߣǰҲ֮µ
λ֮ص켫ȷʵѱõԣҪ켫ֻˡЦŻ˵
ԴۣѾ֪ˡǣɲԪȱЦһ˵
Դۣûʲô飬ҾȸˡֺԹ˹ֵٻź֮ǰһֱźš
΢ЦŹֻ
ţҲûȥˡҵĻԪռЩȽңҵ򡣡ؿմҲԵ
λǿĻԪۣú㶼뿪ʧ֮ǡ


3438 ̬Ȳͬ
ؿմۡȱۻֺۣ˶Ϊ˵ʧ֮켫ǲŸϵʧ֮ǡ
ڣ켫ѾԴõˡһ˵켫ھԴУҲû취ӾԴжȡ켫
ˣҲûʲôˡ
ǿĻԪ뿪󣬾Ŀһתְװˡ
˾Դ۵Ŀ⣬İźȻӦ
ǣæԶ˷йԼ
ݼԴۣ
İھǰޱȹ
û취λԴۣǽԪ۶˵ĿֲڡԾԴ۵ʵҪɱǣ練Ƶ顣
ЦŶ˵˵ͷ
ԡۣ޸۵Ӱ˹
ݵָ޸۵ľѻָ˲١
޸ֵܣԶԾ޸۹˹֡
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ϲԴۣ켫֮޸۹˵
ֻȽϺãԵɺϵõ켫ˡˣ켫֮·ҶԣҲңɼ԰˰˵
仰޸۵ıЩȻԴ۽֮ʱ䣬ʱǵ켫֮ʵǿµԪۿ⡣޸ȴʱ䣬ˣϻ۵Դǵھؿռõϻ¶ɵԪȥˡ
һ룬޸۾;ʹһΣʧ̫ˡ֪粻žԴ۽ɫ򡣵Ȼֻû취˵ġ
޸ֵܣôˣɫôѿĪǣΪҵ켫㲻ˣЦſ޸˵
Ҳң޸æϣ˵ֻǣϵԴǰԪ۸ˡ
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𣿡޸΢΢һ㶣¶ϲ֮ɫ
ź򣬼ΣաǻԪ۽źһСģҲСǶ켫֮ǿ˵źΣվͲô
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ᰵ۵˵ͷ̫ĳԱ뿪˸̫פء
Ҷɢ˰ɣûʲôֿˡ΢΢һɨܡ


3439 ƿس
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ΪȣԴʵǿ켫֮ǿߡΣԴܹ򣬽ҪнؽԳÿһ߶ġ


3440 
Լ飬ȻȥԾԴۡ
ڳеָΪ֮ǣ˶ԣҲܹܡǽʧ֮ǻǽо֮ǣһƺѣ޹ش󰭡
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3441 쵶ն
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3442 ͨ
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ʲôܸɰʲôҾǣ޸ۼظ
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ģȫԷģٺ٣һ齨֪ӶһеҪԣԲ߰˼ӡ޸ɷ
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ǰͨһЩֶӣھԳƿ˳У϶ǲͬϱеġ
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3443 
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ԻԪĻԪͨڵ㣬R۵˲ý졣ͨûʹõʱѰֲ˽ڵڡ
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ȻᰵҲפְȡ𣬶һʱתı⡣
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аɣǾʹ㡣ԳƬ̣ǵͷӦˡ
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޸ʱǱȽܵģԸִסģҲϲԼҪȻǰҲһ˶ЩԼᡣ
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صһЩ󣬾Ա׼ž޸ۣͨԪͨص˽ˡ
׼ûУʾ޸ۡ
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ھԵĿ֮£ԪͨڵͷŵĹΣٵŨ֮ڶ̶ʱڣﵽڵĵز
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ԭRԪѾRԪ֣ĳ˾ԻԪRԪϾ̫̫ˣǻԪڵ߻ǻԪߣкܶˣϰߵĳԪռΪRԪ
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ִйٲڻ𣿡Ԫۡ
ؾԴ۵Ļִйǰ˽ԴԪѾһʱûˡǻԪ۹˵


3444 ս
ۣȥ˽ԴԪ
һʱûˣü
ǵģִйʱûлˡǻԪ˵
仰ϸһĨõɫ
Խ۴ӾԻԪڶԻԪڶԻԪڶԻԪһԴת͵ԻԪԵĿģþԻԪɳ׳
ȷʵæµһԪռ䵽һԪռ䲻ͣı
ǣʱڽԴԪЩˣ
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⼸ԪۼԺɫ͸żǣ֪ʧĳʮʱ䣬ǰ֮ءǶΪԴǱչˡ
֪ȥ֮صģֻнԴۺȼˡ
⼸λҲЩɻ
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ղڴǣԼڣԵڶԻԪˣ
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ڶԻԪԻֳۣǵһۣǵڶ
Ѿ֪ȥ˽ԴԪûǶںδ
ϣִй٣һͬȥ˽ԴԪۿԵ
ţѵۣҲȥ˽ԴԪû̧ü
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Ѿɳľӣǰǰڡ
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Ҳ֪չأѶҲʯ󺣣
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ϣһԻԪҲòɳһ֧ӡһԻԪǿ٣ԭԴûõһԻԪģղڻԪȼԪȴǲӦ͸һЩŭ
ɫһ
ţѾ֪ˡԺһǰԴԪԴ
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ԴģսĵԴ̫ˡǵҩʯԴսϼֱȼЩԴ
ÿԪռ䣬ҪսԴǵڶԻԪУǿõóǣһԻԪ͡ٺ˵ûм˵ȥ
Ѿ֪һ˿
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ԣȷʵˣҲ֪ľ޸ۡ
Щ˵޸۵ʵȻǼǿˡ޸ۣʮԪСԲλԪۡʵȵR۶Ҫǿ٣R۲ʮԪСԲλԪۡ

ͨԪͨԺ;޸۽뽹ԴԪ
ˡǲǳ㲻ڣ۸ĻԪռ䰡޸۳ʾԡ
Ѿ֪˾ԻԪ˵Ĺϵ
۵˵Ծ޸۲²⵽һЩʵ
˵ԴۣԾԻԪǲġֻǣʮԪռɡһЩ飬Ҳһ˵ġҡҡͷ˵


3445 ѹ
ԴԪĻԪͨڵ㸽ȻҲӿء
ӵľʿǾԴۣļʺھߵľ޸ݣǲδʡ
ûͣԴž޸ǰԴľҲڹ
ǰڵս£ȷʵȽϼˡа
ڽԴԪԸо˱ڵڶԻԪΪŵաǰڹ·ϣԻһ֧齨ľӣ֧׼ͨԪͨǰǰսͷ˾ԻʶǽԴԪڵһԪۡ

ڵˣԪռߣʵƺǺǿ޸۶Ծ˵
ţȷʵǿһЩԪռĻԪ֮ûﵽСԲΡԵͷһ㡣
˽Ԫռ䣬ʵȷʵ㲻öǿʵǿĽԴԪЩǿĻԪռ䣬ҲúԶ
¹ϻԪץۣԴ޷ԣóЭǡ
ɴ˿ɼԪռ֮Ĳε֮¹ϻԪȻǼǿĻԪռ䡣
٣λ㣬˵޸۾˵
Դúܺã˽ͱٵˡҶ֮λҲûʲôȤҡҡͷ
˲Ƹ·úǵִڹ
ԽӽڹԽɭϡ
ǰսûʱڹôܡ
ԴҪȥڹЩǲ
ڹ֮ڣԴ׵λ֮ϡУԪĻԪ֮һЩҪĳԱۼÿ˵ϣɫϾڹ£ѳʱ䡣
ǰսϢЩϢÿ˵ͷǳء
ʱĽԴѾ֪˾Դ۽뽹ԴԪ
ԴҲЩ⣬֪ǰ֮صġԣû뵽ԴôܻԴӦڰ·Ͼͷˡ
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ǺǣʮԪռ䣿
ۣǾԻԪûʲôղڴб˵
ԻԪϾδ죬ԴޣʵҲһЩԻԪѾ齨һ֧ܹ齨ǿӿǰսˡڶԻԪǵ˺Դ֧Ԯǰս˵
ߣRԪֲǾԼĻԪռ䣡ղڴһ
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ΪԴ۲ڣǶλڴ˲μ£ȷʵѹڣл۵ȼλԪ֮æ˵ֻǣղڴۺͲĻλԪ̫֮ǿƣܶʱ۵˶ż
ֽҪĹͷԴҲѹղڻԪͲĻԪ
ۣԻԪóԴ˵ǾԴԼĻԪռRԪղڴۿ˵
ͬղڴ۵ĿǰΪֹԻԪʵ̫ˡԪռȣԻԪͶ뵽սеԴֱֵһᡣĻ۵ʹƤ˵
ҪֵͬħԼµĴԻԪҲ⡣ʮвԴRԪתƵԻԪҲʱþԻԪһЩˣʹ˵
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˶֪˵ʲô
ûǱлԪڵťң
ťʵͲ˵ˣť۵ԴƸҲ޷֡
ۣΪǶû뵽һ𣿺Ǻǣťҿɲǳ֣ǾͻֵġԳ棬ťҲǲԸ֣κΣղڴЦһ˵
ͶťҴѶǡûеõκλӦԴ̾Ϣһε˵


3446 ǰ
ǰսս³ԽԴȻťҰæġ
ȻťȻ˽֮ڣҾڱлԪռ䣬Դȴܶť
ԴťҴݹѶϢҲʦǰлԪťҵļťΧۣťҲûκεķӦ˵ťҳ˲սˣһһԴû
ťҸûвս˼ǵĻ˵뻯ħ֮սť޹ءдۺ˵
дʵܲϣťԼĻԪռ䣬û취û취д۸ΪÿμťˣÿͿĶԴ
ťҲսⳡսһʤ㶼ûСΪΣʲô취ťҳսťʵǿǳ֣ǲпӮⳡս۳һ£ּ˵ʵڲУҪȥťһˣ
˱ħݻ٣ǶťҲûκεĺô룬ťҲ뻯ħｻɣ۲˵
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ҪȥťңťҳսҲǲԣֻǣԼԵţťȻܾĻǿɾԽˡԴϾ˵ݡ
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ԴδӦ۵仰ղڴ۱ǵһȡ
ֲСָֻš˵ǰԼǸʲôݣղڴ۶ۺȵ
ԻԪ˲ڣΪԵ£¾ǡҪǳˣǾͳˡҪǳԴǾͳԴģǲöܣĻ
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ʱһͻȻ
ţӵ⣬Ӱ˽˵ǸǾԴۡ
뾰һģ˾޸֮⣬һڹĹԱ
ϣԴˡԱԴ֮˵
ԴۣˣԴվ¶ЦݣԾԵ
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޸λ˵ĽԴԶߵľ޸˵
Դ޸ЦŶԽԴּ
λǣԴž޸˵
λ޸ۣ˽һλߡ˴Σһͬ˽򿴿Գ˵
Դȥ˽֮⣿
˵һֱڱչ֮𣿡
֮ǰҲ˵Դڱչأʲôʱ˽򣿡
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֮УڻԪ֮ͻԪۣ˽
ǰǶΪڱչ˶Թ뻯ħڶսȴһȥչأþԴǹսġ
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ţʱ䣬ˣԶ˵
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һЩ飬ԻţλҲˡȻ֪ҵľԻԪᱻĳЩ۸ʲôӡԶԻ˵
Դۣ˵ص㡣˵˭۸㾰ԻԪղڴ۶ʱ˳
ˣ뻯ħսսУǵߣ㾰Դۣȴһ֮ܵңڻûԼָˣղڴ۷ŭغ
⹷ô˵ģ
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޸˵仰գʱΪ֮һ䡣
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ղڴ׽ЩԪ۵ˣҲ¶õı顣
ղڴڶݵ֮ϲ˺ơ
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˭⹷ѵ⣬˭֪
ϼһˣľ㡣޸۵ۣŲӣղڴۡ
޸֪ղڴ۵ĻԪ֮뾰Գϵ£ȻúõıֱˡֻҪǾԳĶͷǾ޸۵ĶͷԸЩˣ޸۾͵óǰ档


3447 Դʮ
ղڴɫ̵ģ
ķӣڴ˴ʴʣղڴһԪָ̧ž޸ŭȡ
ڤԴ˹֡
ʵǲһֳ϶Լ˳Բѷս·ˡڤ˵
ҲþԴôһ˽ܲסԴ۴˽ҪΪ뻯ħսȻе衣ǣо޸ߣǶİˡǲ֪һˣҲȷ˽ǷĿģĻ۾һ£˵ʱĿת޸۵ϡ
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λ԰꣡Դеͷۡ
ʹ˵ģ޸ۿǼϸǲšԴۼȻž޸۵˵Դ˽޸ۡ
ȻˣԴ۴ž޸߼飬ҲȷʵЩ³çˡ޸ۣϾ˵Ա
ԴۣҪλ޸ȥϢԴԣ˵
޸ڻħսҲˡ㲻ԸսĻǾ뿪ɡԶԾ޸˵
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ҪսҾ޸ȻҲҪս޸Ӧĵ
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ȻҲһͬμӴ˴°ɣԵͷ
ôУԻ䣬ղڴ۾̷ԡ
Դۣ˹ʸμӴ˼µġҪģغ뻯ħ֮սߣ߻ܡղڴ۴Ȼ˵
ھ޸ΪʲôƺΪô࣡
˵Ҫʸμ£Ŀղڴۡ
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޸£˵ĻԪ֮ȻҲ˳ԱʵǾ͸ûˡղߣ޸һܴʮбղڴһۡ
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㡭ңղڴ۵Ȼž޸ʵ
ǵʵΪԵ£
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裿
Ǵˣ
ʵѾղӡʵϣʮղ֣Ҳ޷ܾ޸һˡЦһ˵ʱ̬ȣȴ档
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޷ȷԴڿЦ̬ȡǶԾԵ˽⣬ԲһϲЦˣϲ˵󻰡ңʱԴȻЦ˵ⷬҶܸоԴģ
λ߾޸ۣѵôǿʵȣť棿
ǣʵΪһΪԴµ̬ңԸΪ˳սԿǿĻħ
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͵ڣҪΪԣΣť潻ֶܵǿߡղڴ۵ˣûǸ뾰ֱɱΪˣԾ޸ʱû֡
ɴʱʵ̲סˣ̫̫ˣ
ĻۣҲ纮˪Ŀ͸ɱⶢž޸ۡ
ҵҪ㾿мֱ£ղڴתҪԾ޸۳֡
޸۵ȻҲһ֣̽ɫľ޸ͷȡС
޸еĺɫͷ˻Ȼѹ˽޸ۡ
ҷɣ޸һȣкɫ޸ȻӶ
ͬʱȫ˲䱬
䣡һɫĸתղڴ˹ȥ
ֻղڴ۵壬Ȼɳȥֱײǽϣֹͣڹһζһ¡


3448 ƶ
ڹ󣬱һƬĹ
ײڹǽϵղڴۣ䱾˵ûܵĴˡһ̣˶µˡ
˭ڸʲô
ǰһ̣λղڴֽѵѵ޸۵ģȻȻԾ޸ۼΪջ𣬵Ҳľɱ˾޸ۡϾ޸ǾԴ۴ˣֻҪԴɱ޸Ҳ
ܹ뵽һ֣ͱ޸۵Ĵͷ˳ȥǿֲļ¡һԼɵḶ́ʶλ޸յԪﵽ˾˵ʮ֮ࡣ
žԴ˽޸ۣʵȵRۻҪǿܶࡣǿԴҲûʮղڴҲսʤ޸ۣ
ΣҪҸ˵ǿڳϣһͷҪС޸һеĺɫͷŻڴ״̬ղڴ۲˵
ղڴ£Ԫۣʱſǰ鿴ղڴ۵
ڣһ˫˫Ŀ⣬ž޸ۡˣжھ޸ǿޱȵʵ
Ҫ֪˽֮ڣť֮⣬ղڴҲǶǿˡˣҲͽԴԴ۵ȼ˵ʵղڴ֮ϣһλĻۣʵҲղڴڲ֮䡣
ǣ֮ǿղڴۣȴǱ޸һͷˡ
࣬δ̫һЩ
Դۣʶһǿߣң˶ԾԴƺ𾴡

Դ˼תڶݵĳĬ֮Ц
޸ѣҴʮĸԪռ䣬ӭĵԴ˷ܵĶԾ޸˵
ˣȫΪԵʡ޸ۿŽԴ˵ղţ˼ǲҲμء
޸ۿɲһ˵ˣղŽԴ˼뿪Ȼ˵ĻȽί񣬵˼Ǹ˼
޸ѣǧҪᡣǿߣ붼벻أԴæ˵ϵģӭĵ޸Ը뻯ħսҲǳĸм
ȻǶ֪޸ΪԴ۲˵ġǶԾԴΪĸҲԴֿ˵
԰˰˵˿
һԱܻħ֡Ҿԣκˣͬħ񡣡Դ˵
ٺ٣оԴۺ;޸λǿڣ˵һءĻ۷Ӧܿ죬ղŻɷһղڴһͬ;޸ۣȴ˵ֻ
ʵڳĻԪ֮ԪۣҲȷʵû˲սʤ
ܴڲ֮ĹϵԻħĹͬˣҵ˼һġΪһսʧܣʮԪռ䣬޷档
ǰǰĻ˵û
ҺãԴۺ;޸ۼʱ뻯ħ֮սϣ

ڵˣ׷׿ڡ
Ȱһ¡ֱ̧ۣ˵
ӵܿƽϢȥ˶žԡ
ģսҪԴ
ʮĸԪռ䣬ΣṩԴ֧Ԯǰߡ
һ㣬ûǣⲻֻ棬һСԻԪһĻԪԶûдﵽڡԪռڵԴ˵ǳѷҪԻԪóôԴǲʵģҲǵһԻԪܹġ
ҾãһԻԪüԴǰսڶԻԪóӦĺʵԴ֧Ԯǰߡ⣬ղڻԪĻԪʸԪռ䣬ӦóԴ֧ԮǰսԻ˵
ڣƬ̡
λԪ֮ͬԴ۵˵Դͷ
һԻԪλҲԴ˵仰ʱҪǿղڴۡĻ۵ˡ
⼸ˣһֱҪһԻԪӦԴġ
𣿡Դʵ
û˵
ղڴۡĻ۵ˣҲֳĬǵ뷴ԣҲףûʲôô
ȻҶûôôˡһԻԪ֮⣬ʮԪռҽԴԪһͬŬӦǰսӵġԴʱ

ʱʦյһµľ飬ɫ΢䣬Դһ
Դʵ
ţǰսľƣˡ
ոսӵʾħµĻ˽ӰѾǰս֡ʦͳ˵
ʦ˵һս·һɼѹֵڴ˵ܡ


3449 ûеڶ·
ħƿذԪռ䡣
Ԫռ䣬һλԪ֮λԪ֮Ҳǻ˽
֮УħĻԪռܶ࣬ЩԪռ䣬ǱħֱӴݻٵˡħֻҪԪռԴ
ǰĺ»ԪǱħѹһպ󳹵״ݴݻٵġ
ǰսʱϢ˵л˽Ӱһ˵ⳡսѾ˹ؼ֮ʱħ棬Ҫһܹˣ
һˣô˸ԪռĻԪ֮ȵԱҲͲòԲս
ǰ˷ĻԪ֮ûвսΪħĻ˽ûвսлԪ֮սƱػû˽ֱӽս
˷洦ƵĵλϣϾϣˣû뻯ħоսźڣսǻħҪսˣ˺Ƕ޷ȴ
ô죿
˽վսǲԶˣ
ûжʱˡ
սסǾͲòǰսǰս͵ڴ˵Żʱ򣬻ħܵ
ڻԪ֮ڳ֮󣬽Դѯʡ
˽ӦԻħȫ
Դɫˮ
ô죿Ҳ֪ô죡һ뻯ħɲʵԴͷҲ޷Ƶӿ⡣
սԶˡ
λûѡǣûеڶ·ߣ
ԼԴûмʱ˵㿪˵
ס˻ħ˾ܴȥסͶ꣡Ŀ⿴ˡ
λۣԼĻԪռ䣬ȫɣսҪȫͶŵǰսȥֶԽԴ
ţֻˣԴ˵ûûѡ񣬻ħҲѡ񡣡
λħԸԼԣǽͣҪģǴݻˣӶеԴ
ҶȻԼĻԪռ䣬ȫսɣԴ˰֡
Ԫ֮ǣ½Դȥ
ۣҲ뾰Ե뿪ڹԼĻԪ
ۺͶȻصڶԻԪš
ܿ죬ڹ´Уֻʣ¾ԡ޸ۡԴʦĸˡ
ħʵﵽĳ̶ȣʵ
Ŵ˶࣬ûѯʡʱʳ⡣
û뻯ħӴҲδۼֹʱͷųܡԣλħʵ
Ե⣬Դü·ǲ֪λشӡ
뻯ħֹӦ֪˵ʵɣԻ
ԴȴǿЦҡҡͷ
Դۣ˵뻯ħֹ˵ڻħѹԴ·뵽˻֮С
ʱҲԼˡ
ûʲô壡
һΣ뻯ħ֪ԼĶ֣ԴӿʼҾûɱұˡ
˵һҵܲԷƺҲûһҪɱҵ˼ħֻԶһƣҸоǺһιȻôһҪҰ
ҽһˡ
ǣҸ֪ħʵܹȷǣǿ̫̫ˡԴ˵Щ֮󣬳ĺһ
ЩҲûʮİա
ھ֮ǣ˳ʮԪ켫СԲǿԪ۴ܣġû򣬾ԾãԼԪۻһء
ȻʮԪδ켫֮ĻԪۣǾаƥܶԷλħ񵽵ʲôεĻԪۣĿǰȴ֪
˵ĵˣôǿ𣿡޸ü˵һ䡣
޸Ҳ֪ԴʵǲںӣҲóϣԴ޸ۻҪǿôһЩġԴǻħǰһɼλħʵȷʵǺֲܿˡ
Դۣû취ˡ
˽û̫ʱ׼ˡ
ڣֻܾɣ룬ȥťҰæԴž˵
Գһ£ͷťʵԸ֣ܹǵԱһͬȥлԪť档
ť棬ÿһˣʵھ޸ۡ뾰Խֹť棬ʮԪСԲԪۡңťѹӦûܽкϻɱСսõȻȲǿܶࡣ


3450 Сһ
Զťûκκøеġ
ťһɱװģڿƺǲġɱ뵽Ǭ֮УǬ˲֪ٸɱļֵȷʵ൱ߡģʱδõģԾͲȥʧ֮ǣҲͲǷˡ
ǣĹؼڣťұȾóĵѹˡԣԶťҵΪŭġ
˶Կħ֣Ҫ˵Ҳ״ťˡԸħ֮أ
ԴԸͬòˡԴȻͷ
ԴԼǷܹ˵ťҳսһĶûеġԴۺ;޸һͬǰťҲ൱ѹ
Դ۵ʵť޸۵ʵҲťȡԴͬƥť֮һ
Ȼˣ²˳٣ھͳǰлԪǣû̫ʱ׼ˡԴǵı˵
ԡԵ˵ͷ
Ҫǰťң޸ȻκεֻҪžԼɡ
ԳҪ˭ʹ˭˭ǾԳĵˣ޸۵ĵˣҪ̫ࡣǸ˾Գ
޸úδǰ;ָֻԳ
ڹͨԪͨ˵ִлԪ
ڱлԪĻԪͨһʱ䣬д۱õϢǰ
ˣԴۡ޸ۣд˹ּ
дۣԪռˡťңԪռڣʹǹȥɡԴԱд˵
û⡣дӦ
д۲ŵõԱ˵ǽԴ;Դ˱лԪͲµ;Դ۵뷨ȻȥťťҲս
֮ĸťҸۡΧ
ťҸۡλڱлԪĻԪ֮Уڲռ֮ڡѰߣ޷ҵťҸۡڡ
ۡڣ
棡ťҼťΧۣťľ
£ť濴ťΧһ۵
Դˡ
ͬģоԴۡťΧ˵
δִťҸۡΧťҾѾ̽ˡ
ԣ
ǺܾöûϢұΪǰ֮أťü
涼˵ԴǱչʮ궼δءť棬ȴǾãԿǵõĺȥ֮ء
ǲ²ˡť΢һͷ
ԳťҸۡΧ˵Բδȥ֮ءȥ֮أǼܻŻҲʮʱھͷ˽
棬ǷҪǷŽۡ⼸˵ťңҪťҳսԸħġťΧ̧Ŀһλʵ
Ȼǲ̫ťΧǽɣťڶһֱ˵
ǣťΧӦת뿪

ʲôťңδ̫˰ɣ
޸һı顣
˵ִ˴Ѿյʱˣťδ
ھ޸ۿʲôťңھԳǰȫֵһᡣþԳôɵţǳĲʹ졣
޸԰꣡Կ޸ۣЦ˵
޸ѣťҵ˽⡣ťȻ˽֮ڣťҵĵ̺ʵǿˣҲܵԴǶԾ޸۽
ǿжǿԳһ֣棡޸۲ΪȻĵ
Գεʵ
Ԫۣھ֮ǣԳˣ
Դ˿ԣҡҡͷǣԴťеť潻ֹ˫ʵӽȻȴû˵κλǾԴۻǾ޸ۣĶԴעⲻλԪۡ
ʱһӰ˵֮ڡ
ˣťҼťΧۡϾǽԴԴ۵ťΧ۵Ҳûɸ˳ӭӣԳ˸ۡӭ
֪ʧԶӭҪ֡
ԴۣǵڶťҸۡ
ťΧۣԴ;Դк
ڱлԪ˱дۺİľ޸ֱۣӺԵˣֻ΢ʾһ¡
ťΧۿˡԴ
ťΧּۣˡ΢˵
룡ťΧһĶ
ϻֹȴ͸һɰҶûģȻоó
СһӺܴ󰡣޸۵ťΧۣǲá
޸۵ĻťΧһü
ʲôˣťΧЩƵ˵


3451 ܲ
ٺ١޸۳ťΧۣһζЦ
˭Сһ̫ˣ棬һͷɱ㣡޸۾ȥ׶
ºôĿ
ȷʵҪ˭ťң÷ص㡣򣬿ɱťҲ֪֮񣡡ťΧ۵ž޸ۡ
λťΧۣΪťҼѾϰ˳Ȼĵλ˵ǱлԪ֮ڣ˵ĽѰҲû˸ҶťΧ졣ťΧۣҲťǰҪǫ̬
һİ߾Ȼǰƣˣһлᣬͻô˳Բ˶ߣ
ˣ޸Ҫ£ԶԾ޸ۺǳһ䡣
ťΧۣǸλǾ޸ۣťȱ˽⣬㲻ҪһʶֶťΧЦŽ˵
ťΧֿ˾޸һۣżǰ·
ԴȴвһžԺǳ޸ʱı飬ú̬ȣԲϷͺԵݵλȷʵ޸ۺܶӡ
ƣ޸ΪζԾԴƴأ޸۵ʵۼģǾǱԼҲ˶ٵСԲԪۡ
лԪ˱дۣҲ뽹Դ뷨⣬Ҳ벻ͨףΪʲô޸ǿ߻ĸԸӾԴ۵
ѵΪԴƺҲֻ˵ͨˡ޸ҪԴֻܹǣ޸۵̬ɲǱӶô򵥡
ܿ죬˱㵽ťҸۡťΧۣԴԵ˴ťҵĻ
λ
֪λ˴ťңк£ťΧ뼸֮󣬳ʵ
ťΧǴ˴ǰҪť顣Դ˵
˵ťΧ۵
£ϵشťΧ¿²ܹģҪťλ档Դҡҡͷ˵
Ҳ֪ģť治һǱޡťΧťҵļҪ˵ťйأֱ˵ťΧۺܲǫ顣
ʵ֪Դ;ԴǰťҵĿġ
ȷʵҲ޷˵
ȻӣһťҼļӡҪýԴףť治ܼġťҼӴǣѾˡ
ťΧǴ˴ǰǴ˽أťҲ֪뻯ħսսѾ˷ǳҵĽ׶ΣսԶˡǣťҲս˶Կħ֡ϾťҸۡҲ֮ڣ˵һԱҲڵһԳ˵
ťΧۿԣȻԭ£ˡ£ȷʵһܹġ
ţȥ档ťΧվ
ͣԴֵ
ҲťΧ۹˹֡
ťΧ۳ǰťľ
˰ʱťеťťΧһͬ¶档
λ͵ˣťһͶԽԴһ˵
ť档ԴҲæֻ
ţťҲôͳһ޸ۻ˻Դ˿ťֿ˿ťΧۣü˵
޸ۺܲЩϼһþԳôʱ䣬ӦťЩ˵ȾԳŶԡ
ťɫһɨ޸ۡ
Ǻˣťȵ
棬ǸžԴģʲô޸ťΧһԿ˵
žԺǳ޸ۣťΧ֪޸ӦǾԴģ֪ǾԴʲôط£ߡ
Դۣˣܲ£ť濴˵
޸ٳԲѷĻť棬һͷԡʱҿɲְ㡣ԶԾ޸˵
Ȼ˵޸ۣû־޸۵˼
ť棬֡ЦŶť
ߣťһϣҲ˼ƽϣ
ԴеĿģѾ֪ˡ
ûǲ뵽뻯ħսȥťԽԴ
Դɫ΢΢һ
ħʵǵ˵ʵťҳսǣҲκεʤ㡣ťֲһ䡣
ť棬㳲֮ѣ˲棬ťҲ޷ɣħȻǿ󣬵ܹеδزһս˵ħǿ޷ƥеĵزǶȻ˴աԴͳ˵


3452 ʲô
ԴȷʵΪԻħûһս֮
һԻħһķʱѾܾúܾáԻħԸֶΣˣȻȵʱա
ťٴҡҡͷϣһĨ޵Ц⡣
Դվǲħʵť˵Դ̫ˡ
ܲܵסȥ֪أһԿ˵
ť棬˵ȽֱӣҲҪŭѾ˵ñȽťұϾ˽ťҲ˽ȡ˾޴ĺôȻõҪ¼䣬ûֻò顣ΪťҲһͬԿħ񡣡ť˵
УûֱӽӴħ񣬵֮һ乥˵ķأųֱ룬ӶһСʱť޷𣿡˵һ䡣
λ˵ˣťоϣ뻯ħ֮սť̬ȼ
ƾԴ;Դ˵ٶ࣬ťҾǲս
еβ˼
Դ˿ʧı顣
ť֮ǰԴťҵ̬ȣťҿܲͬ˶Կħ񡣵ǣĵһ̣޷ͻʧһЩͷŭ
Եϣȴ¶˲õЦݡ
ťҲսҲУ
ǣťұ뿪˽򣡡
Щ꣬ťѾõ޷ĺôˣɲ뿴Ǽе뻯ħɱʱťȴǵĺ󷽳û٣
ȻЦݣ˵ЩʱȴһŨɷ
Դۣʲô˼ťңû٣ťԲԸָɡ
˭˵׼أԴť𣿡ԿԴ
Դҡͷ
ҲţЦ
Ǻǣ;ԴǶλҪťңťɫΣĵ
Ҳô˵ɣԵͷ
ťЦ
һԵťΧۣҲЦ˼ƺǣþԵĻܺЦ
ԴۣƾǣҲťң
Ųţť㹻ʵǼλֻҪť룬Ǳ뿪ۡťϣҲ¶ݵɫ
ƥô˵ģ
˶翴㲻˳ˣʲôҶǳ˷޸۾ֵһɫĴͷǳС
ȥͺֻҪһ仰ͶֲťҸۡ
ԴۣԴȴЩĺһ䡣
ȻťҲԸսԴûťҷԻħѾļѣټһťңĻٲ
ԴԾҡҡͷʾ⾰ԲҪŭ
㡭ťȴǱ޸۵Ļ׼ŭ
ռ޸۵ʱ򣬾ͺܲ޸۵̬ȡʱ޸ֱΪť֮һť棬ʲ
䣬̧ƣԺӾ޸˹ȥ
һУ̺춷ɱܡ
ҿжͣϻ쵰޸ۼť֣ȻҲվԭصŶԷԼ
ɫĴͷ𣬺ԥľť˹ȥ
䣡
˶ûֻǲִٳ֣ڹϣ˵ȫʢ״̬ܶࡣһ춯󣬾޸ۺť棬ͬʱˡ
ťֻѪ޷ס壬ֱ˳ʮײס¶һĨȻ֮ɫȻû뵽Դ۴޸ߣʵ֮ǿƺԼ١
ԴۣǴʲôطҵˣ
˽ڣťսģƺֻнԴ;Դˡֳһ;޸ĻԪۡ
һߵľ޸ۣť棬΢ǱһЩ˵õĴִϣסΡ
޸죬˵ϼһﻹͦӲģ
ս޸۵ʵȷʵҪť΢һ˿޸۵ƣ䱣ֻΪĺܶ౦ﶼԪߣ䱣֮½˲١Σ޸ȷʵťսͬһ
㾿ʲôˣť治Ӿ޸ۡ
ܵҪͷ޸ۻһеľ޸Ҫť淢
ס֣
ʱ⣬һʮĻ
ţť桢ť桢ťťλǼͬʱ뵽֮С
ĸ޸ţۣĿɨոսť档


3453 Ӧ
ť˽ÿ˵Ŀ⣬ھ޸ͣƬ̡
ھ޸ť潻֮ǰҲû뵽޸۵ʵ֮ǿԣжܳԾ
˽֮ڣСԲεĻԪ۶ָжλԪ֮ﵽСԲΡ״£Դо޸ߵģ
޸ѵΪ˳Ԥϰť濴ž޸˵
һһ㣬ʵڳǰ治ʲô޸Ц˵
޸仰ť滥֮һۡ
޸˵ĻģťȻôΪ뵱ȻΪ޸ͨԼ̧Դۡϧ޸ô˵طťҵť뾰Զս
޸Ӧò˽ڵ߰ɣť˵һ䡣
⵹û˵ťλҲ˽ߡ޸۵
ûȷʵĻԪռ䡣ť˵ͷĿ˾޸һۡ
Դ;Դ۴˴ǰť԰ɣť濴Դʵ
ˡԴ˵ͷ
ȻǾǡǵΪȴ˵ӡťͳɳƵ˵
ԴǴˣťҡǣǰæԿħ񣿡ťһ˵
Դüԡ
Цһ˵޸ťǸ
Ե޸¶ԥı顣
Ǹ㲻ǸťλͲˡ˵һ䡣
Ǹ͵Ǹ޸ۺֹһ
ťѣҴˡҲã̬ȡڣϵϣܹõ½⡣޸۶ť湰˹֡
ťվû˵ȻǺջ
ˣ޸Ѿ֪ˣҲťǸˡť棬̸̸ťҰ˶Կħ˰ɣԿť˵
Դۡ
ԭťǲ뻯ħ֮սġ
죬ҾõøԴ;ԴһӡȻǶԵˣťҲ̫顣
ֻҪԴܴӦǵһťңͿսλṩԴǼսť滺˵
Դ
ûȾѯʣʵťҵʲô
ǵھԴ˵ܼ򵥡ϣԴ̵ܹťҵһλʦƳťĿһ˵
ʮǰťҾʹӾеõ˴ĵʮȥťȻ˺ܶľԴȴȻƳťڲǿĵʦû̫Ľչ
Դۣ˵ʲôɣťֿԵ
۾΢Уһᣬ·ڿǡ
ԴҲû˵
УȻϣܹťӶõťҵľ޴ǣҪȥ̵ťҵĵʦƴҪȷʵǺֵܹ顣
˺һᣬԲų˵ťƴԣ޷֤ťҵĵʦƳ
Ե˼ҲԽ̣ܱ֤ťҵʦܹѧᡣ
ʵϣԺťҵĵʦҪƾƳǲܵ顣ԷڵϵߣֻҪûдﵽСԲΣ޷Ƴ
ô˵Դ۴Ӧǵťһ
ţΪˣͬťҵ뻯ħ֮ս֮󣡡Եͷ
ãԣťңڽʱΪṩ޴İ
Դսĵ֪ͨťҼɡʱǼϼһս˷ֵħľŴšťصͷ˵
ħ£һоŴš
а˸ţɻ˽ֱͳ˧һţǻħͳ˧ΪƾšŴ֮УսΪֲģǻħͳ˧ƾš
̫ˡԴϲ˵
Ҵˣлťҡս֮˽һݴ͸ťҡԴ֣ص˵
ť˵ͷ
ťΧ磡ťťҼťΧ˵
ǣťΧæӦ
ť棬ҾͲڴ˶ˡսڼҲҪץ׼Դ˵
Ҳμϯˣ뿪ôãҵûػԪռ俴Ҳ˵ťҵĺ⣬Ҹܵˡ
ȻˣҲͲǿλˡťΧ뿪ť˵
ǣťΧٴӦ


3454 սթ
ťҼťΧۣԴԵͳťҸۡۡΧťΧۼ˵˾󣬱̷ťҸۡ
ť棬ڻڡ
ťΧ׼ɣԴѾˣ˵սҲʱ׼ˡťԸշťΧ˵
磬Ҫ˷Կħ񣿡ť濴ť棬ɻ
ħʵޱǿ󣬽ԴǣͲħʵǳ֣Ҳ޷ıֻҪħҪˣǾһܹťҲü˵
ǳְ˵ĻͽħˡʱǿɾҪԻħŭˡťһǵı顣
ǰťһͬǵľǣ뵽һƴս֮С
ǣǵĴť棬ȴͻȻı⣬Ӧ˽ԴǼˣҲõŽԴ˵ʳԼɻ
ť˶Լť¶һζЦݡ
뻯ħײѰ·ť˵
Բᣬť·ȥť˵һ䡣
磬ղΪʲôͬأ
ǰ
⡣
ԴʵǶɣť۾˵
š
ԴΪܸߣʵǿ佻֣Ҳɡť˵
ûԴĸʵǿǸԣͬС귽յĹ˷ʤԭֻˣťҵҲܹȫѹͻȻֳһо޸ߣ޸ʵҲ
ɾͲ̫׶Ըˡ˺ĻťҾܸɵһҲḶܴĴۡ
ΪˣҲʱıϴӦǣȻťĳսȥ뻯ħľƴɱťЦ
˼ǣȴӦǵĳս󡣶սϣֻ߸ťһ
ϣôһ򵥵ļƻȻˣǱضҪġʮԪռ䣬Դɲ١һʮԪռ䶼עᱻħݻ٣Ҳ޷˽֮ڡʱǿʵһЩԴ
뻯ħսʱǻᡣʱûֹӶڶԪռ䡣˵ǿ߶ǰս󷽿ɾոˣťЦǴ˺󷽷Ż
Ӣ
Ǵ練Ӧ졣

ֻǣǴƣť뵽ڴơ
ťɫһȺʦҹԼյоƣʼղƳ
ģƣǳ顣ťֻҪܹȥͱضƳҪǵˡťһ˵

лԪԪͨ
һȥ󣬻ᾡӺԴԶԽԴ˵
ԽӻԪֱͨӻصڶԻԪԴȻǷԼĽԴԪ
ԴۣǡҲ֪˵ʲôáΪˣĸܴмˡԴص˵
ʲô̫ࡣ԰Цһ¡
ţһȥˡԴͷֶԱд۹˹֣˻Ԫͨ
Ժ;޸Ҳд۵֮ͨڶԻԪĻԪͨ
ӻԪͨԺ;޸۸
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ť档
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ҲǵĻťˣĳս޸ȻĿžԡ
ǻսҲضΪˡ˵
ǷţΪʲô޸˵ǣΪʲôťҸۡʱ򣬾Գûеơ
ûҪơ˵һťĻսأһ˵ť󲻻ֱӲսھս֮ǰܵóһЩԴɣǣǴӦġЦ˵
Ϊ˾ս֮ǰťŪԴҲťϷ
˶ˣ޸ۻ˶Դ

۴ӽԴԪ󣬱ڻžԡʱԺ;޸۵Ӱӽ̵ӭȥ
ϣ۹
㣬ʱίˡúܺãղڡĻǰ̣ȷѡ񡣡Զ˵
ۿЦҡҡͷ˵ֻΪʵ̫͡ϣҸ㶪ˡ


3455 
û۵˼
ۣϾֻһԪĻԪۡڴУֻˡ˵ʸȽϵĻԪۣҲһ޷ղڡĻСԲ⡣
ʵȫܹεĴ
ûʲôģѾܺáԻԪǱΣһ䣬ָȻǵһԻԪ
Ǳߵ̫ãǰ뻯ħ֮ս֮еĻԪռ䶼ڳԴ֧ԮǰսһԻԪҲû⡣
ϣһɵԴȥǰսԭǲԶ׼ǰǰսģտǵԪռȶһɵѻǼȥսòԶֻԪռĹ˵
ǰǰսȻǼյ顣
ʱ̶ܷͻɱս֮˷ǰսսʿܶࡣ
һɴȥǰսüͷҲ塣
Ȳ˵ԺһԻصһԻԪһˡ˵
ԴۡһϮ쳤ȹĻ۴ӻ˳
ڽԴԪڹ½󣬻۲δ̻ԼĻԪȵ˵ڶԻԪ
ۣôԵû뵽ۻ
Ҳûʲôʮû˵˵˵
޸һ˿ԣֿ˿ۣȻĵ˵ͷƺǷһЩʲô
Ծ޸۵ı仯Զ˾޸һۡ
ۣǵ˵˵
˽
Դۣûȥ֮𣿡ʾԡ
ȷʵû֮ء
·ϵʱ򣬾һУڳڴһЩʱ䡣ƿ˳к󣬱ﲼһԪͨĽڵ㡣ԪֱͨӻصڶԻԪԼ򵥵˵
ˣѹλ޸۳Ϊ۵˵ͷ
ţ޸ȷʵʶĻԪۡЦһ
ﶼûˣǾܹεˣԾ˵ҲͱȽһЩ
ҲҿˡҪȻǶ֪ô졣ܹŽһĻһЩղڴۡĻ۵һֱһЩС˼Ȼı˵
ղȥťңʵ
ȥˣťҴӦս˶Կħ֡ǿ²ťҡťˣһġȻ˽˺ܾãҲһֱûԼ˵һԱǸֳһĨЦ
֮һ˵ĴǳΣաһܻٲ̾Ϣһ
ۣгڣûʲôõĵġλħжǿڳǰҲʵʵš޸۳ޱŵ˵
޸۵ĻЦЦȻԾ޸۵Ļû档
ԴۣҲû顣Ǿһȥˡ׼ǡ
ȵһ£ҽ䳾йһȥսԶǶҪ׼˵
䳾߰æɡ˵
ãҲûǸҪ䳾ϾǻԪߡҲһֱܵ㡣ţ˼ҲڻԪϡ԰˰Ц˵
룬Ҳþ˵еͷͬˡ
Ը䳾ѶŻһػԪ
Ȼۺ䳾뿪֮󣬾ֽۣþս׼׼޷ǾԴļᡣ
󣬾Ա޸ͨԪͨ˵һԻԪ
ǾԵϼҡ
ԪռЩ޸۽һԻԪʹ͵֮жϳһԪռ
ҵļˡԵ
δﵽڣ϶ܶ࣬޷Ԫռȡ˵һ䡣
ҲûʲôϵֻҪгڡԪռ䣬ܿǿ޸ۺЦһ
һԻԪ󣬾ûȥͥ컯񹬣ȥ˷̻ܲ
Դۣôˣ᳤ԣ⡣
̻ܲǨһԻԪ֮󣬷չҲȽ˳Ȼ̻ᴦԣΪʮǰһἫɹøʵǿɵԸ̻ύס
ֻʱ䣬ΪսԵʣ̻˺ܶࡣȻ̻ǱͬҲˡ
㰡Ц
Դۿʲô£ֻܷԸǡ᳤ܿ˵
ֻһ£Ҫϡֻ̻ܲһĿģǹĲϡ
ǰϴϣһա


3456 ս
ȷʵޱǿɵ¾켫֮ɶԴȻ
ɵ԰Ԫ۲εںԪֻҪûдﵽά켫ԲĲΣԴ˵һ
û⡣᳤һӦ
֪ҪĲϣƴĲϡ
Դۣû¶棬ʱǷ̻ᣬҲĲѼҪĲϡԣھͿ˽һЩҩù᳤˵
̫ˡΪ˵˵
᳤Ҳʱ䣬̱㴫һѶϢһȥ̻Ĳֿȡϡ
дʯ̻ύЩûκ⡣
׽Աǡ
Դۣҡ᳤ȴƺлҪ˵ӡ
᳤Ҫ˵ֱ˵ǣ˵
ȷʵһ⡣᳤Цһ
ʾԴ㣬ʲôʱóһЩ᳤žԣĿڴ
ûᣬʵ̫ˡ
ֱֲ˽򣬶
˵սɣ
᳤Ҳ֪뻯ħĳͻҡھٰᣬЧҲ̫áԽһ¡
úúãȫû⡣̻ᣬżġ᳤æ˵ҲҪԴھó̻µǾԴԺ󶼲Ϊ̻ṩ

ӷ̻뿪󣬾ȥ˺޵Ķԭɵ۵Ķѳ˻Ԫռڵһʥأû˸ð
ֻڶڴ˼죬߷ѩˣ򵥵˵һ˵ǣԼҪΪսһЩ׼̫ʱ䣬ŮҲ⡣
֮󣬾Աǰ컯񹬡ͥоԱ⡣
ΪսԵʣһԻԪڣҲ˲ٵ⡣ȻвԶɵ۵˽߾ȫάȶΪԴļٺʹ洫һЩѶϢ޷˼ҡԴ¶֮Ǳ·ĹǣЩǺͽѸٵĴȽ͡
ڵһԻԪ˼ʱ䣬ʱ䣬ƳŴһЩ
һ죬ʦһԻԪԡʦ߾ԣǰսл˽սг֡Դ˼ǣԪռǿȺɵۣҪǰǰսˡ
һ˭սʦ
ԴԪڣ¶ԪۣǰսʦӦ˵
֮ǰҼղڴۡĻۻڤǡǵ˼ǣȵڶԻԪĴ۲ɵ۱սҲǰʦ˵
ǺǣЩЦһ
Ҳûа취Ϊͳȫ֣Ѿȥսˡʦ̾һ˵
ţ֪ˡԺһȥڶԻԪǰǰսԵͷ
ڶԻԪڣ۵˶Ѿ׼
УҾȸˡһƬң̫ˡʦԸǡ
ʦ뿪󣬾ԽԼ⼸ƵĴС͸˰ѩˡŴĿţһšµһţԴ޸ۡ
޸߰ɡԶԾ޸
ãҶЩȲˡ޸Ҳ֪ԳԼǰսǸʲôħ֡
㡣Խһƿ޸ۡ
ʲôɵ޸۴ƿ˿
ţɵġʱ仹ɣɵǸĽЦһ˵
˵ɵǱضǼĲͬˡ޸񷢹⡣
ȻҲȾٶ˵ֱ̧֣ƿڵĴС
Եž޸ۡ
㡭ܼӣεҡҡͷ޸Ŵɲھõġ
޸̷´Ҳʶ˴Ч
⡭ʲôɵȻȻҡ޸ѪӿɫǺ
ʵ֪ģťҵʱťþԳťҵʦƳֻǣδԴ̫עʮԪСԲλԪۣѰɵаܰ
ʶԼˣ
ɵЧֱ޷ݡδЧɵ
ˣ߰ɣԺһ粽
޸ᣬһŴ˷˴롣г׼ȫԽЧõųɡ
ڶԻԪڻԽ۵ȸټ˹


3457 ǰڳ
λڶԻԪڻϡ
ڼ֮󣬱̻㱨ڶԻԪڵǰսս³ԽڶԻԪڵʮԪռ䣬òƵǰսԴԻ㱨ǹڱĵԴ͡
۵Ļ㱨ҲЩʹȻڶԻԪRнֵģڸԶԶһԻԪȣ˾޴ʧģȻþʹġ
ս
Ǽλִйͳ֮⣬λȥǰսɡԶԼ
ǣ۵˶Ӧ
ټߣ׼ˣʵ
۵ˣĴ˳һһλĲиŬڶԻԪռ䣬һ֧ǿľӼϡ֧ڣԪ۲εɵ۶в٣ӽʮλЩǿĵ۹дңг˳Դ
ʵϣǾԲǰٴǵڶԻԪҪһ֧ӣǾԲܵ顣Щ۹֮кܴһֵԭη徰ԣӶò˳Դ
вˣԴԶ־ͺˡϧԴۻٴˡ
ΥԪ֮ԴۣǾǼյ顣һôܿܲõȻħľŴԴ۾ʰǡԴȻƽʱҲ˵ֶΣҲ꾰Դ۸ոսӹһԪռʱ飬ɲôǡ
ȻˣǾ˶ɣڻϣȻǰԴԪӽԴԪĻԪͨǰս
˽ĸأͨǰսֻһԪͨԪͨڽԴԪ֮ڣұܵĿرûڹЩԪ֮ʹͨǰսĻԪͨ
ǣһʱ֮ڣڲߣΪΥֳһ䡣
ǣ۵˴Ӧ
һµʱڣӼϡ
ڶԻԪռǿߣһ붼˻
ҲûжЩĶԱȵȣֻ򵥵˵˼仰
˼ܼ򵥣ս֮۹͡
ȻӵĶ־ܵԡܶΪԼһս֮УҲ޷صԪռ֮ڡ˾ãһսһûʤ㣬ǵסħֵġ
Դ֧ڶԻԪ齨ǿӣִｹԴԪ
ԴǰõϢԪͨӭӾԺ;ľӡ
ԴۣǰսСġ
ȵлԪռľӶǰսҲ콹ԴԪľӣǰս㲢սԴԾ˵
ãǾͲʱˣھǰսԵͷ˵
뽹Դ̸˺̵ܶʱ䣬ԱµľӣͣͨԪͨǰս
ǰսһƬܹĻԪա
ƬԪڣƯһЩ½ڴ½ʹ½ܣһ
Ǽд½ĴڣȻһƬ͸Ũɱ֮ɭ
ǰսĻԪͨڵ󣬾Ա㿴Ԫ۵
Դۡ⼸Ԫۿ˾Ժ;ľӣӭ
⼸ˣԲϤһʲôӴ
λˡԹ˹˵
Դۿˡ
ԴۣλѣߡһԪЦЦԾԺ˵
Ժ͵ڶԻԪľӣ⼸ˣǰǰսһСе֣ǰڳǡУս󷽵һƬ½ϡ
ڵĽܼ򵥡
вߣڳڻһ·ϣԿƺصߣеϢήңе΢
ǰڳǵĳһܼ򵥵ĴԺӡ
ڣǰսʱͳ˧ԽԴԪĲδۡˣʵΪСԲΣڽԴԪ֮ڣҲǰɵۣ˺ܶԪ֮ʵҪǿ١
ԴۣһЩʱѾõĴţ֪Ҫδڳ⣬Ⱥԡ
ڿԺ󣬱ǰ
ͳ˧Թִк
ԴˣҾһЩˡʱ䣬ҿÿ춼¡ĺ»˽ɱǰڳǡͳ˧һ˵
⻰ȷʵ滰˽¶ʱԽԽƵѾ˻ؽԴԪԮǿЩɵǰս֧ԮоԴˡ
ͳ˧ǰսľƣ׶񻯵ʲôˣʵ
Դۣǵ˵ͳ˧ͻȻ˵


3458 Ӳ
Դž޸ڶԻԪˣͳ˧˸ǰž
Դۣǳ⡣
ô˵ǰս˷ǽڽڰˡڻ˽ǿڽ뵽սк˾ž͸ӵֵסˡѾȦȻԵֵ
ǵʧʵ̫ˣÿʱỵ̈˵ľʿսӺԴȴǸϡʯԴãǵҩʵ̫ǰڳڵҩѾǿˡͳ˧һɬı顣
ͳ˧õ
ţħ⣬ҲǵԵͷ˵
ûǼ֪Ҳûκΰ취ǰս˽Żǰսʧأ˽򶼽¶ڻħľǰǽԪͨݻ٣ҲֻһЩʱˡͳ˧
ħΪͻȻ֮ǿ˵Ĺüʵ
˷뻯ħսǳ˺ܾúܾáսͻȻȫսҲ顣ǰ㻯ħԳֵʱҲû¾ȫɳ
ڣǰսĻţѾ˸֮ࡣֻлħͳľţδսȻħΣҪˡ
һ㣬Ҳͳ˧ҡҡͷ˵
Σ˶ԣǱ޿ɱܡֻ㾡ȫյľսˡԵ
еĻԪռ䣬齨һǿţǰսڶԻԪȵִ֮ԪռǿţҲ̵ԼԲͳ˧˵
ԴֻۣˡЩҲҴˡ˵ʵҾ뻯ħľս˿ûʲôʤ㡣ͳ˧ҡҡͷ
˵ʮԪռ䣬ܹһģǻеϣϧҪŽһģǲܵ顣ͳ˧Ц
ͳ˧˵ʲôɥһͳ˧ûģ˻ʿ
ǳڣ˾Ͳܡ޸۵۴˵
ͳ˧˿޸ۣЩĵȷʵЩ
ͳ˧Ҳ˵˾Դ۴˽֮⣬һо޸ĻԪۣʵǿµھԴߵ຺ӣӦþλ޸ۡ
Ȼ޸һڣͳ˧о̲ס˾ɵ
ͳ˧λǾ޸ۡԴʱŽܾ޸ۡ
޸ѣͳ˧޸۹˹֣Ȼоþ޸Щ㶣ȴǰ㶼ûбֳ
Ϊλ޸ۿһоͻղڴۡڸʵϣδǿ֪١
ͳ˧Ҳ̫ġˣδػܡ˵
ǣ̫ûˡͳ˧ķǵĵ
ˣǰһʱ䣬һԻԪҲһ֧ǰսڣ֧ʵ
һԻԪĶ飿ͳ˧롣
Ƭ̺˵ˣǱ˵ˡΪһԻԪ٣޷ԳɾԾͱš
ǴʱԵ
ҴԴȥſͳ˧΢һ˵
ãͲͳ˧ˡԵ˵ͷ
פһƬ½Ƭ½λãѴ˷ƿطΧǰءһȻǷǳأ뻯ŵĽսҲ͸ΪƵֱӵ£˵ŵʺܸߡ
ͳ˧ԴžԵˣפصƬ½
ھӪԼ˾ųͲ־Ÿ߲㡣ŵľųڤԪһԪۣδﵽСԲΣҲǱȽĻԪۣ˽ӽʮԪ
ԴۡŵľųˣԺ󣬹
ţض񡣡԰˰֡
ӵһԻԪһɵ۵ߣʱֱʵ
ųԵ̾⣬ɫʱЩѿ
ӵһԻԪˣڵŵһӡʱӦ뻯ŵһ֧ɱųƵشԡ
Ӧãʲô˼Ϊųѵ¾ӵս˽⣿žų˵Ӧ֣˺ܶ಻
ɱսΪųҲ޷¼ˡŵľųӲĶ˾һ䡣
һ
ųһԻԪ̳ԴҪǡվһԵĲͳ˧ɫǲÿԵŵľų
ǣͳ˧ˡžųӦһ˴ԵһԻԪߣǰߵһг


3459 ȱ
˽ղڻԪ
׼һ£ͳɣղڴ˵
ǰ¼ɽ
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ˣ˵ˡסҶҪ군ղڴ۲һ䡣
ȻҲղڻԪĴ󲿷ǿߣȥǰսǣò֮ǰԽԴ˵ˣȥˣղھͻȥھѾǰսղڴҲöˡ
ȻȥɱȥԼĻԪռ䱻ħѹһպݻٵ
ǣղڴ¼ǿĻԪɵۣһͬӦ
ĻԪͻԪȵȻԪռ䣬ҲƵ顣
۴ʱѾŻԪ齨һ֧ǿӣ˽ԴԪͨǰսĻԪͨ
ԴʦˣĿͻԼԪߣԪͨ
ϣѾߴťҶΡǣťûж˼ֻһЩԴʦɫ£ͳԽԴ
ߣԴҧҧ˵ǴӦ֣ȵʲôʱ򣿡
ǣھȥһ˱ϻԪťˡʦ˵ͷӰһ˸ͨлԪĻԪͨڵ㡣

˵žųȥ󣬾Ե˳ĸʱſһԻԪߵӰ
Ϊ֮ˣһɵۺͥļλɵۡ
ĿɨȥԿÿ˵϶ơϣƣ֮ɫ
Ҳ֪ųΪʲôὫǳ
˵
ǰ֮ǰǴδǡҿͲȫǰߡ
˵ųͻԪˣͻԪĻԪ֮ϾԴ۹ϵá
˵ЩǱų浽ųǿ»ҡ
һɵ۵ˣ
ʱǺȻһΪǿһ˹ǰǸˣȻǵϣԻԪ˾Դۡ
Դˣ
һɵǣӭȥ
ϣһɵ۵ˣ
֪Ϊʲôų᳷ˣǵϾԴˡ
ǻ𣿡Կһɵ˵״̬ͷҲЩѹ֡
ʣһɵ˶ɫȻ
ʧΣʵ
ϣǻԪˣ֮һҡһɳ˵
ʲô
ôôࣿϢ΢΢һ
Ѿй׼뻯ŽսУһԻԪִڽսǰߣ϶вˡǣҲû뵽֮һôࡣ
һԻԪɵۣҲûٰ
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һ˵ġ
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ȡһЩɵԴһɵַۣȥһٶһԻԪߡ
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ؾԻԪ
һɵˣ¶Ȼ֮ɫ
սţŵĹƵʱ򣬷ػԪռ䣿
ԴۣôУ
Ԫռ䣬齨ǿľűǰս㡭ôԪռսʿػԪռأŵľų̾ſ˵
⣿תžų
ԴʱкǿŭųԼԪռսڵһߣܲҲˣϾսҪսʿԿŵĹʱ˾ȻԼһɵ˷ػԪռľ
Ȼ⣡Դۣ㲻ΪЩ˶ԼԪռߣǻػԪռ䡣⣬Ǻܲõӡˣսʿô룿һˣѵͶԼĻԪռųϹЦ
ͳ˧ΪʲôԿ򲵶ͳ˧
ų߼ġһԻԪߣòսͳ˧Եų˵
ôųǺܲ
ӱ죡ٷϻһͷɱ㣡޸۾һɣɫĴͷֱ˳ǵųǰһ¡
ųҪٶ˵ˣ߻ġһԻԪȷʵʱ䣬Ҳܶ࣬ʧôսʿͳ˧Եųҡҡͷ
ųɫ䣬˾޸һۣûٶ˵

һɵۣٴԶ˷нӪأ䵽֮ǰ
ųˣǰ߷Ȧ֧Ԯɵټ죬˵
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ţɳһ֧飬Լˣڷ񹥻ǵķߡɵ΢΢


3460 ޸
ͳ˧ųˣһԻԪһɵ۵ߣȫɫ䣡
ŵľ񲿶ӣ
ֻҪԻһ˽ߣ֪񲿶ӴʲôԻûʲô˽⣬ֻҪս񲿶ӣǾһԶס֧ӣ
ֲǿɱ¾֮
ŵľ񲿶ӣÿһγŴģɱ¾˾ŷսʿڻž񲿶еģ֮һӡ⻹µģµǣ˾һЩʵǿи߲Աһ붼ڻž񲿶ӵС
ڣһ֧ɵĻž񲿶ӳڹ˵ŵǰ߷Ȧ
ųɾ֧Ԯ
¾ˣɵ۵ͷٴμٵߴٵ
ųɫף˫Ŀ֮УŲײĻҡ
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˵ţѾûʲôܹǰ߲սˡھŴӪ֮УֻʣһЩ˲ԱһЩս΢ɵԤ
˵ľ񲿶ӣһȼģųǿѹеĻҡ
ųˣͷӣɵ˵
仰ųɫѿһ֡ͷӣǻͷ񲿶ӣ
ˣ
˵ţѾܲסƬˡҪǵģ֧ԮǰߣγˡӲȥ˵ŶڴˣյĽȫû
ȥɣųԴɵ۰˰֡
Ѷɵ뿪󣬵ųתĿ򲵶ͳ˧
ͳ˧ˣû취ˡ˵ţסšųŲͳ˧Ƶ˵
ѾûиĴ֧ԮǰߡǰڳǵҲѾˡͷһضǴϢĻᡣŵľή˼֡
ͳ˧Ҳüͷ
˿ԣ֪ˣӦڴžԴפصʱ򣬽Դ۴ӵڶԻԪľһų˵ûٴǰڳǵѾ
ͳ˧˵ġʲôͷӣԶԻŵ˽Ⲣֻ֪࣬ħа˸Ԫռ䣬һŸš
еľ񲿶ӣͲˡ
Դۣͷӣǻžеľ񡣻ŵľ񲿶ӣҲֵȼҪȼֱΪһͷӡͷӺͷӡͷӣͷĲӡͷھ֮УǿˡÿһսʿʵΪǿӵнӽԪ۲εսͳ˧Խ͡
ͳ˧ˣ˵ЩʲôôųǵЦݣЩ̡
˵ԴۣȷʵһԻԪ߷ػԪռˡפصأܲסˡҲ塣ȥɣǶȥɡ
üŵų
˭˵زס˵
ǺǡųЦֻЦз̵ζԡ
ԴĪҪ𣿡ųž˵
ҪҲǿԡȻʱ򡣻ħµĻ˽ûսɣЦ˵
ų򲵶ͳ˧˵ͳ˧ˣǱ볷ˣڳˣܱסһٲϣŻȫû
ͳ˧ȻЩԥ
˵פصأ˶ԷǳҪʧأǰսľƣɾ͸Ӳˡ
ԣͳ˧ǳĲԸ³˵
ҿӪ֮Увսʿġֳ˵
Դۣųص˵ӪڵսʿҪôǴսгµ˲УҪôʵϵ͵ߡкܶ࣬ɵ۾綼ǡѵȥԻͷӣ
ʵǵʵһҲûϵһЩǣþͿˡ۾
޸ԶվһԵľ޸
ڣ޸һͦĿƵӦ
ʹ˵ŵԤǶ˵ͷӡ˵
޸۵һԥûУ̬ȸɴúܡ
Դۣ㡭ͳ˧žԣҪȰ˵
ͳ˧̬ͲҪԥˡü˵ൢһ֣кܶսʿս
ϵԤɣԻ֡
ųûжҲûԤ
ų㻹ʲô˵
Դۣʵǿ޷ңųԾ˵ȷʵӲĺܡ
ڤԪڤ۱ˣھǰӲĶײ
ųԴ˵ɣͳ˧̾һԵų


3461 Ԯ
ųԲԵȴͳ˧
ͳ˧ˣҪôԤųǲɳԤ
˵ʵԤսȷʵ˷ÿŵԤҪĹʵֻǺڡǰɱֱ͵ȥ
ųĻû˵꣬㱻ͳ˧ˡ
û취ųԤϡûһᣬ㼯һ֧ɵĶ顣
Ԥ˵ԼҪɵǰ߲ɱܻҡ֮кܶˣ绹𾳽磬ɵ۶ûﵽ
ųδԤϸ˵뻯ž񲿶ӹɱԤֱӾͱˡ
սʿǣ
λ޸ۣǰǰߡڿʼǵָӹ١ųԤսʿܾ޸ۡ
ҺãǾ޸޸˳˵
ǲصģڣǲ̫Σաһ㣬ܴŴ͵Ż޸ЦŶ˵
ھ֮УȻͷƶȡ⹦͵㣬ܹͣһԴ
ɣԶԾ޸۵
ǣ޸һͦ
޸Ԥսʿȥǰս
ˣȥ޸ǽǸͷȫߡ룬ֶԶ۵˵
޸ʵȻǿһɱܾ͹˲ԤӡǿǵԤ̫ˣڶԻԪĶ۵ȥ޸
ǣϣӦ
ˣܿ׷˾޸۵ˡ
ԴۣȻǰڳǵϢͳ˧Ծ˵
ãҾšͳ˧ǰڳǰɣȫͳ˧ûȥǰڳǡˣ˳㽫һǴȥͨԪͨػԪռ䡣ԶԲͳ˧
Ҳáͳ˧˵ͷ
ͳ˧ˣųֺסͳ˧
ţͳ˧ų
޸ǵסôŵǰ߱ؽܡҪ֪ʱǳ˻սһˡųʵ
ͳ˧ɫ£˵ˣǾͳ˰ɣ
ųӦ
Կ˿ųȻƢСڿƺҲôᡣΪһɵ۵˲أǾԿųܻ˳һЩ
ͳ˧ǰڳǺ󣬾Ա͵ųһӪеȴǰϢ
޸۴Ԥսʿж۵ˣֻ˲һʱִ˵ŵǰ߷Ȧ
ȷʵЩҰ޸һ˵
УŨŨѪϣʱܿߵʬ塣Щʬ壬Ȼδüġ
Ǿ޸ۣ
ʱһϼѾƵĻԪۣ޸۽ǰʵĲƼϣԿ߰ߺںɫѪ
Ǳۣ޸Էͷ
ǻԪԣʱ¶ϲɫ
̫ˣ޸ۣ߱̽ѵȺʱǻԪæ˵
·޸һ˵
ܿ죬޸۱ǰսϵĳ߱̽ˣһ˶ԪĻԪۣԪ
޸ۣҴǰߵĽʿǣӭĵ߱̽΢΢ЩʱǰѾӵ˾ųѶϢ֪㼴Ԯӵִǰߡ
˵ʱ򣬳߱̽Ȼɨھ޸Ԥսʿ
Щ֮󣬳߱̽΢΢һ㶣ϵЦݾʧˡ
֪һλо޸ĴۼԮִǰߣ֪޸Ԥսʿ
޸ۣ㡭Ԯأ߱̽кǿҵĲõԤУһ˿ϣ
𣿡޸̧֣ʾԤսʿ
ʲʲô߱̽ϢһɫһӾͰˡ
ų֪ǣҪס˰ȦѾ˺ڣֻȥסȱڡôôԮֻԤ߱̽Щˡ
޸һ˵Ҫ˷ʱˣ߱̽ңʲôͷӴʱλá
߱̽һ
㡭ҪԤȥͷɱ
޸ۣ֪֪ͷʲô߱̽ļ
Ȼ֪߱̽Ҫٵʱˣ֪ͷʲôҪȻҲԹ޸ߴ١
ҵľ޸Ѿˣ޸˫ĿŹĲһ䡣
ھ޸߱̽ԻʱԤɫȴҪѿжѿʱǲ֪ǰߣҪԿǻžͷӡԭΪֻǲμͨս


3462 ϧ
ЩԤսʿȻԼʵߵкʶǵȥͨĻսʿɱǿ뻯žͷսⲻ
Ⱥ궯޷ƽȻãȵ
ʵ۵ˣͷҲǳѹ֡ǿԤε̾һûκܹסͷӡ
ڶԻԪǻԪ۲εɵۣʵȽǿڻžͷ֮УСսʿսӽԪۡοħµľţȺսľ飬Զ˾ŵġ
죡޸۾һɣͻ
׶գȥͺײСһŭȣԤսʿʱ
޸תĿ߱̽ų߱̽ٺٵЦһ
߱̽ûʱ䵢ˡ
ڣʲôͷӵľλáۣȥȫˡ޸ۻζһеĺɫͷư硣
޸ۣԤȥͷӣҲ֪ųôġ߱̽з
Ϊûнӵ֮ǰһߣѾ嵽ŴӪѯʵųˡ
ҡ޸۵һ
Գ߱̽Ǻܿģ˵ʱҲЦݣ̲סҪˣˡ
ȥԸͷӣֲȥһզôϻ޸۵˵
޸۵Ļ߱̽µĳԱʱ¶ŭɫƵĶž޸ۡ
߱̽Ҳü
ˣȻǳǾֻɱˡңһΪˣ߱̽һ˵
λԪԪĴۣ׼սˡ
£߱̽Ҳߵǲǰ߲ɱġΪһˣǺ룬ߺֱܻܿӾͱڣѾ᧿ΣˣѾյбȥˡ
ָӲҲǺ塣ȻܳˣԾɱȥɣҲҪɱŵħ
ߣ߱̽һ֣ȳ˳ȥ
µĳԱ΢ĳһº󣬱ųȥսڣѾսҲǾսɣ
Ͷˣʲô
ֵǣңһ𣬸Щ޸۸߰
۵˸ž޸ۣԤ
˭ӱȺУ˺
˶ҡͷ
ϰɣָ߱̽ӹٴ˶ǰǣϧս˲ǵˡˣ˴ЦŴͷ˳ȥ
ɱ
ǣԤȫ

ɱɱ
ǰĳҵɱսһѪɫУӡɫͷսʿغ
ͷսʿѾɱ˳ʮ˾ŵսʿϣɷ졣һӽСԲεĻԪۣҲ֧ͷеĶӳ֮һ
֧սʿɵĶ飬һӳСӳ
ǺǣЩ˵ķͷǰȫһ
ɱǣ
ԽԽ٣ҪŲסˡɱ֮ǳֱ룬ɱǵָӲǸг̵߱Ļ˶Դ
ͷӵսʿһĿ׺ݣɱ¾ϲɱ¾
ߣڵֵͷӵĹǺηʧ޴һӵսʿ˴룬ȻûѡˡΪ֪һǺˣô֧ͷӾͽɱָӲߣҲ;ʹ˱
ɱ
סЩħ
ǵԮܿͻᵽңһҪסʤǵģ
˵ڵһӳųϵļУǲƲһѪе˵ģҲԼġ
˵ԮܿͽǡԼûġ֪᲻ԮΪǰսѾûбˣŴӪǱߣҲûʲôԵˡ
ƺѾĽ֧ӣܻᱻ¾һգһ˶ûа취ǾսһˣҲܺ󳷣Ϊûг˵

ʱһֻʣ°Դɵ۷ɱ
ƫԮˣǵԮˣԴɵۣ˻
Ԯˣ
ʲôָӲӵֵͷӵƫƺڻԼ˻
ƫǵԮˣִԴɵٴκ
ƫЦ
תĿߵĺ󷽣ȻһӰڼķп


3463 үүһ
Ԯˣ
Ԯˣ
ϣˣϣȥˣ
Գ߱̽޸۵˵ĵͷ񲿶ȻҲˡ
˵ķ֧Ԯˡ
ɱ١
ҵҪ֧Ԯÿ죬ɱÿ졣ͷӵĴӳݣĿ⣬ɨŶȺ
ţӳ쿴Ǹ˺ǳ̡߱һͷӵСӳ˳߱̽
߱̽Ѿв̵ʱ䣬ŷ棬Ȼ֪ܲǰطϵĳ߱̽ͷ񲿶ӣǾ͸Ӳ֪ܲ߱̽ˡΪǳһҪĿģΪ˳߱̽Ҫնɱ߱̽
ֻҪ̱߱ɱ˷ȻȻͱˡ
Ȼ׺ޱȣ߲ԱǲϣԼµսʿ̫ࡣĽսɱ˷Ȼʧأǻŷͬкܶ
ȷʵǳ̡߱ӳ۾ͷ˵
û뵽һȻˣѾ˿á⵹ǣʡ˲鷳Ȼɡӳͳ
ǣͷӦ
ȥʱֹͣս׼һ£Ȼһȫ棬һٽǻǳ̣߱Ҫֽɱ֧ͷӵĴӳԸ
һȥ֧ͷӵսʿĺ󳷣˵սʿɱƫͷӵսʿ󳷣²Ҫ׷
ƫżˣ߱̽ǰɫ
߱̽Ÿոֹͣɱսʿ۾Щ졣ˣʵ̫̫ˡ֧˲ӣ֪߱̽ģӦһǧ˵ӣڻʣµģȴֻˡǧ˴ӣʱֵͷӵġ
ⲻĽսʱһǧ˴ӣ߳ɵӣ
ֵǡ֪߱̽˵ʲô
Ⱥˣͷ𣿡޸۳ʵ
ʵ޸ۿҵľҲ̫Ȼ˵Ա˽Ҳʱ䡣ǿȻЩ
ûǾͷӣ֮Ĳӡ
֧ͷӣһǶ˵ıƣÿһʵǿȻˣȻǸɵʮҡƫش˾޸۵⡣
˵ͷӣʱʣһʮ˵ӣɱʮҡⱻɱʮˣƫµսʿġ
ʣһʮˣǲߡ߱̽Ŷ棬˵ֻʱ󳷡
ֵǣ׼սɣ߱̽㵽˶ͷҪʲôҪϳ档
ǣƫսʿӦ
߸
߱̽˿Ԥһɬ
֧߱̽ͷӣˡ޸˵
λǣƫȻǲʶ޸ۣû˵
վڳ߱̽ߣӦݲͣʵӦҲǿ
λǾ޸ۣų֧Ԯǰطߡ߱̽˵
޸ۣͷӷǳ׶ÿʵǿңǻóսսʱһսɱǿ
֧ͷӵĴӳһСԲεĻԪۡΪǣһˣҪϰɵսСƫǵľ޸۲֪ͷӵĿֲһ
СԲεĻԪۣ
֪ˣŪǡ޸˵
ɱ
ʱͷȺУһĺһʮ˵ͷӣͬʱ˻ţһʮˣһͷȻž޸۵λóɱ
Ǵӳǰ档
ͷӣڣɷ죬ļ¡
׼߱̽ȡԼҪɱˡ
ǣһˡ
߱̽ɱȥսʿΧЩҪܣסǡ޸кɫͷһΣӰǳ˳ȥ
߱̽˵ĻʱѾ˺Զľ롣
λǷѵģԤСһ̫࣬Ȼҿɲ޸۳嵽һ룬ͻȻһתԶ۵˽
޸漴Ц
飬үүһ޸ۻΪһ⣬ɫĴͷϣŷһƬɫĿֲС
ɫ̿Ұ
ĺɫУǳ֧ͷӵĴӳ
ãͷӴӳܵɫϵܲдһɫ䡣
ôôǿ˭Ϊ֮ǰûеõ鱨ӳͷ


3464 ȫ
ͷӴӳ˫Ŀ֮Ǿ
Ž˵սȫ˷ȫ湥ǰȻ˽ϸ̽顣˷ǿߣŶ꾡ϡ
˵ֻҪǴﵽԪ۲εɵۣŶлٵ˽⡣СԲε˴ۣյϢ꾡
Ծ޸ۣȴȫİġ
ҲΪˣ֧ɵľͷӣȫʶ޸ۡ
ͷӴӳڸܵ޸۵ʵ֮󣬵ϣµսʿǳˡ
ͷӵսʿӳĳ󣬶΢΢һ㶡Ϊŵľ񲿶ӣǷ־Ѿ㲻⣬Ȼ¡
һʮսʿֹͣ˳棬Ҫ󳷡
Ȼ޸۵ĹѾͷ˳ȥһɫĸУԼٶȣϯͷҪܿ޸۵ĹȻǲܵ顣
ͷӵĴӳ׵塣
޸ͷŵĸУ˴ӳ

ͷӳһŭʵ˻壬ѾɫиǡȻ߾ȫҪֵɫУ͵ס
ͷӳȻﵽСԲΣʵȾ޸۲̫̫ˡʮԪ򣬶޸ȴʮԪСԲǿߡ˫Ĳ࣬ѾǼ򵥵ˡ
ڲʵķŭ˻У˱޸ֱ
ֺɫĸУȺ֮УһЩҽһʮͷսʿֱӾʹӿ׹ʮ
޸۵ʵ̫ǿˡ
Ȼ޸ڵľԲȣǷ˽򣬾޸ҲǰĶԪۡͷӣǻΪͷӣɱϾǻ˽һǿߡ
߱̽ˣ
ǰطߵƫֱӴ
սʿһŵĿһĻ֮ǰͷɱսʿŴ͡ͷɱòײɱһͷսʿɾ޸һͷȥԷͷնɱɵʮͷսʿ
ǣȫҪ
ֵǣǣˣ޸۸
ɱΧǣҪһ߱̽гһ£ȳȥ
Ӿ޸ۼս֮һսĽ־Ѿעˡ޸һˣͿɸɵ֧ŵľ񲿶ӡˣֻҪһЩǣƣЩͷսʿ޷Ѽɡ

ŴӪ
ų;ԣӪ֮УǰطߵϢųʱվӪ֮ⲽ
ܵģ
ͻȻǰطߴϢѾơ
ųĿ⣬ʱӾԵӹĿ˿ǵӣоЩջ
ų㲻ʵʵţԳ˵
ʵ޷뾰Դ۱ȣԴݡųĻȻӲúܡ
ԾԴۺܲ
ǺǣǵŵľųءЦһ˵㵣ģҲװһгģµˣǸûˣ
ų˾һۣû˵˻ȥ
İɣ޸Ὣ֧ͷӽġ˵һ䡣
Դ۶ԼĵúܡֻǣԴ۵һǰս¸Ͳ֪ͷжôǿ󡣡
ǻžеľ񣡡
ڻУͷӵҲԡ˵ͷӣѾһˡҪһӵͷӡų˵ûм˵ȥ˵Ǽܵ顣
һӵͷӣӳӦСԲεĻԪˡ˷棬ԪռĻԪ֮δﵽСԲΡ

ʱ򣬴Ӫ֮⣬һ
ţһɵ۵ӰǽӪʡ
һų΢Ĳһ¡
ˣǰطϢˡųһĿۣŸոմɱĴɵۡ
Ѿ𣿲ǰǰطߵԤǲȫûˣǰطߣ𣿻Ŵ󲿶ӣǲѾ룬žŴӪɱ
ųˣɵ۹ϴſϲ֮ɫ˵ݣǰطߣոմϢݣ޸Ԥ뻯ͷײ޸һնɱͷӴӳڳ߱̽¸֮£֧ͷȫߣ
ų죬ûɵ˵ʲô
˵ʲôųȻվɴ۾
ųˣ֧ǷߵͷӣѾȫߡˣһѣȫնɱɵִ˵һ飬


3465 ħ
ų΢ſڣƻδ֮лָ
ȻǷǳϣ˾ܹսʤŵģֻոմǰطߴϢ̫ˣ˵޷⡣
޸Ԥ֧ͷӣԷȫߣ
ųȻ֧񲿶ӱ𣬵ǻǲܵİվ˵
˵ͷӱϢŴӦô϶ҲѾػŴӪˡźܿܲȡģж
ԣԶԣųĿо
Դۣλ޸ۣʵжǿųžʵ
֪Դ۵ʵǿ֪޸۵ʵжǿ޸ǾԴ£ʵӦò̫ǿɣһֱƬǮսĴ½ϣû˵޸ղڴ۽֡
޸ʵ㲻ЦЦ˵
ųͷ˵Դۣ֧ͷӱϢػţŶὫעŵ޸۵ϡܡ˽пܻԳֶԸ޸ۡ
ţûлǰڳǣ
޸סһʱֵġ˵ʱ䣬ǰڳԮӦÿҪִˡ
ŵʱûдŵڶԻԪľӡͳ˧صǰڳǺ󣬻ὫӵȵڶԻԪĴִߣȶܶࡣ

ųˣǵԮѾһ˴߽
ã̫ˣӭӡųӭӴǰڳǵԮ
Ӫ֮УڶԻԪߣոյִ
ͳ˧µľ٣վھӵǰ
ԴۣųټԺ͵ųּ
ϣڶԻԪǼԺ󣬴
λǵŵľųĵǲŵսʿǣͬƬ½Զ˵
ǣӦ
λֵܣ
ǰطս³ԽոյûʱϢˡڣǾҪǰսų˵
ǣڶԻԪٴӦ

ǰڳǣ
ͳ˧æµʱڽӴԼ۴ӻԪľӡ
˫֮󣬲ͳ˧˸Ԫսʿǰʱľ
ͳ˧Դ۲ڳ𣿡ʵ
Դȥ˵ŵפأδ
ԻŹΪ͵ľ֮һս³ԽѾڶԻԪľӣƬ½ϣܹסƬ½ͳ˧˿˵
Ҳڵŵŷսкǡ
սԶˡ۵ͷ˵
ͳ˧ˣһԪͳ˧ǰ˵ոմӵŷ洫ս
˵ͳ˧ɫһ
פش½ǰطߣѾסˡɳĶͷӣȫߡܵ˵
ţͳ˧һ
޸ʵǿ֧֮ͷӱɼ𡣡ۼ˵
ã̫ˣλ޸ۣܹղڴ۵ǿߡŵͷҲ࣬һʧˣλħ󽫿϶ʹɣͳ˧ͷ
ڻ۴ŻԪľӵ󲻾ãд۱űлԪľӵִ֮Ҵ۴һԪľӵִǰڳǡ
һԪ֮ϵĴԼԪľӣǰڳǡ
һߣţ
פش½Ļţħµľš
ħ󽫣ǻħµĻ˽֮һҲǰλԪ֮֮һ
ôܣħ󽫸ոյµս
֪ͷȫû֮Ҳ¶ŵı顣
ˣðģħ󽫣ָӰо޸۵Ӱʵ
ߣŸ߲㶼Ӱۿ
󽫾Ǵδ֮ǰѼ鱨УҲûд˵κνܡѾˣ̽ڴ˵ϢһŸ߲˵
󽫾˵ʵǿӣ˽ӽʮԪСԲԪۡһ˳˵
ǵĶͷȫսʧ޴󡣡
󽫾˵սʿڷ񹥻Ǿŵսʿʵ̫ǿǸô죿һԪ۲εǿߣĿ͸ŭʵ
޸ڼͷ֮Ȼûг߷ߡ첿սʿɱ¾˾ɱĻսʿ޸ʵ̫ǿŵսʿ޷ֵָӹ٣޸һɱ
󽫾ǼȥֽΧɱһ˵
ħߵЩˣʵǿжﵽСԲεĻԪۡ


3466 ޸ħ
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ǶԴû˽⣬ǵȵٿȥսߣֱӽսħ۴
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ħ󽫺Ƿѽ⣬֪޸Ϊʲô澰ԣ鱨֮Ϣ˵޸ʮԪ
󽫾һǸô죿ǱѾдԮսεԮʵǿо޸۴ͷ̣Ǿʧǳ󡣡һɫʵ
˷ҲǸоһЩʲôԴƴˡħ¶һ˿Цݣ΢ĵ˵ͷ˵˸ԪռĻԪ֮ѾȫִǵǰڳǡԵŻԪռ붥ǿߡ
Ǻǣһжϵ֮СˣѾԶˡħ󽫾Цݸ
󽫾ħǾƬ½˵šһɫУɷ˵ĻԪЩǡ
ԭǾƬ½ûʲôģֻǳһ޸ۡ˵ĳֺʹ˵ĸʵǵԤϣҪԻһˡħ󽫾һ
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ǾԴž޸۵Ƭ˵פصĴ½ȷʵѾݵˡԵʱǰطϵĽս޷赲ͷڷ˺ѳһӡϿ˵Ǿ޸ƾǿʵΪʱ䣬Ӷõŵȵ˴ǰڳǹĴԮ
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λħɲУξĵλߣھ֮УϾǽħ󽫵ĴڡֱӸħеľ񲿶ӣһͷӡͷӺͷӡ
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޸ҪٲҪȫ˵սʿ޸۵ִɳһ
ħ룿
Ǹ޸
ԣŶԷȺʵ


3467 ȫ
Ŀ⣬ֱӶԷ
ԼĪʱ䣬˵ӰͬʱԷͳ̶ȥ
޸кɫͷ߸ȫӿħ󽫣ͬǽһɫ״صȵĻ衣
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˵ӽ֮һ޴֮ţ˵ͬʱ˿

޸ʵǿɱ㡣սĻɡħ󽫶ž޸ۣͳȵ
˵仰󣬱һתȥ
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ħ󽫲û޸ƴɱһν֮ȷԼһ˲ɱ޸ۡ
ħ룬ֻǻ˽֮һʵȻ֮ǿ޸Ŀǰûȥ׷ħ󽫡
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Ϊʲô֮ǰôʱħûֱӸ˽أƿصҪ˽ܹġ
޸ҡҡͷ
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޸ۣ̫мˡ㣬Ƭ½ؽʧءųԾ޸۱л
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죬ǸҸСҽϧһдۣС˵һ䡣

ַģĵġĻԪۣǻۣ˳֮ΪħĻۡ
˵ͷ
֣ĸºµľţң컯ţǣǰڳǻϡħĿ˵
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ǰڳǡ

ڶߣԴ˵ĽԴǴŽԴԪ붥ߣִǰڳǡˣ˽ڳһԻԪ֮ĻԪռ䣬ѽǰս
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ˣλۣǰսսߣٻŵķ񹥻ǶĿǰΪֹǰڳ֮⣬ֻƬ½ͳ˧˵ǰһʱ䣬ŵĹƷǳ͡£֪ʲô£ŵĹͻȻƺںߡ
ڲʲô鷢𣿡ԴĿһʵ
յϢƺر顣ͳ˧ҡҡͷ


3468 սʼ
Դı飬ء
ڲ޴·űȴȫߺ󳷣Ȼ
ħҪʲôǴˡ
һôĿԾǣ׼˷ȫˡ
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ָһ˵Ƭ½˵פأǾԴǼʱϵҲѾʧȥƬ½ĿȨ
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Դֻ飬Ĳ𣬺ܿͰȥʮԪռľţֲƬ½ϡԴԪľţǰڳǻ֧Ԯ
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ԴλԪ֮һۡ
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ȻֻλťǰսԴҲû̫ʧ˵ťв˲ս֮ϲˡ
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һƬԪУħͱٴμ档
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ھսδʼʱԴͷ·ѹһʯԴϢսʼƺûôˡ


3469 Ļ
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սһʼƿصƬ½ޱȼҵս
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Ͷıȷʵǵ˽⡣ĪǣִӰ˸Ԫռ䣬ʱ˸ıһν˵
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⡭ѵǿĴڽһսһ˷
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ϣսȻſʼãϵĵڶԻԪսʿ˺ܶࡣ޸ۣԴһӽǿɵۣרŵľ񲿶ӡ

ǰڳǳ

űһĳԴǰɫ԰ףϢء
ˣڶפصĴ½Ѿݡڶţȫûűټ죬Դ˵
ʲôԴһȣɫ䣬ͬʱվ
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սŸոտʼʱʱѣڶפصĴ½ѾݣڵĵڶţǲĻĲĻԪսʿʵǷǳǿһš
ˣڶѾûˡĻۣսʿĻ˽֣һɱűͳ˺ܶࡣ
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ǻħ񣬶һʵȿµĻԪۡľţҲǻšű˵
ʱһԪۿ첽˽֮ǰĲͳ˧
²ˡδ˵ħȷʵа֡һµǿ֣Ҫˡˣۡ
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¶ţ뻯֣ͬչĻ۵ľţȫû˻ӳ½ۣǰ˽ⲻ࣬¾ţȻδۼ˵
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ĻפصĴ½ѾݡĻۣսԴֲһ䡣
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뾰ԵĴѶ֮󣬽ԴδݵĴ½ţ̳½ķصǰڳ
ڴ½ϣҲǵȥսʿˡú¾սʿ˳½ǰڳǡƬ½Ҳǲֻڳ˹У˲ߡ
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ˣǻԪ֮ǸԪĴۣͨɵۣÿ˵ɫǳѿʿήҡ


3470 Ҫ
ĻսϢڸŴ
Ļȫû˼ٻԵĴһУǰڳǵϿգѹ˶ЩڲĻ£Ļ۹ϵĻԪ֮Ҳ˿ɡ
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һѣƺŸոտʼ
ģǺܴǰڳǣԵӵ
Ԫ֮ǣ͸ԪǿĻԪۣۼڳ
ͬž޸ۡ۵ˣԼª֮С
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ˣҪ𣿡۵ÿ˵ͷ
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뻹ȡʱ䡣ûлԪͨ˵ľţҲֻͨɴڻԪշи·
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׼ɣǽǰڳǣˣһսԴֱۡ


3471 û
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ҲãȺǿһķȫɱһƬĻԪռ䣬Ͳʲô谭ˣҲʡȥ鷳˵ģ޸۽ֹħۡ
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ǰڳǣ̶ľ֮ڣӰ´£߶жԪ֮ԼԪռľţıԵϡ
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3472 ˮ
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һҩɾˡťΧЦЦɡ
˸⡣ťңҲжˡţʱ䣬ǿԺú˽ѹһȻ뿪ƬѰµĻԪռ䶨ӡťӣЦ˵
ťť棬ͷ
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Ǳд۵ľлԪԴֿ⣬֮ڡ
ťҵĴǣѹθԪռı⣬ʹûԪͨڸԪռ䴩Ҳò˶ʱ䡣뽫ÿһԪѹθɾǲܵ顣
ǺǣҲ̰ģֻոԪĻԪ⡣ťĿеľŨ
ȥǰսťҺť죬ǰսťӵܣһԻԪǻϡգťҵӵܣӵһԻԪȥȻ뿪˽򡣡ťŵťҴ۵
ǣ֮Ӧ󣬻ת뿪
Ƭ̺󣬴ťҸۡУƺƵťҴˡťҴֱǰԪͨĽڵ㣬ťҼҪȥջԪ⡣
Ԫռǿ߾ȥǰսûʲôֹťҵӶᡣ

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֪ҪλǰԸ˱ԴҲ֪ħͱ۲˱Ҫһ¡
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Ȼˣ˾ûκ·ˣֻλǰԿˡԴ˵
ԿƾǣûʸҶԿɱǣǽһȺϰˡħޱȿȫû˵Щ߷
վڳбԵľԣҡҡͷ
׼սɣԵ˸š
ť棬ťλ棬ûԿȺ֮Уťˡ
ťڳһȺˣκһ֮С
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˵ǣťǲܸǰսġսЩťˣһҲһʹûԪͨ뿪ǰս
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3473 ɱӯҰ
˽ٶ죬ͣʮʱ䣬Ǳѳ嵽ǰڳǳдǰ
ǵϴŲı飬ÿĿбŷ⣬ȡԼɵĹ󷨣
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ڻ˽ʼֱӹд󲻾ãЩʵǿĻԪҲִǼ뵽дĶ֮С
ǰڳڲٿ󷨵ĴۣҲȫķ˽ʵǿĴֻۡǣȻףҪɱ˽һĴڣǼǲܵ顣㻯˽ܣ󷨣ҲԻɱǡ
ʱ򣬴ǰڳУһЩ˶⼶ĻԪ۳ǣò
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ԪĻԪֱ֮ǿǲֻԪۣϣ뻯Žвҵɱ
Ŵ󲿶ҲϽʱ˾ŵͨսʿҲ½ķɳϣо̱ӡ
ɱ֮ӯҰ
սʿͻսʿϵĴӿ׹䡣˫ȥܶࡣ
ǰڳǳд֮£ʱҲܹǿ뻯ŶԿ
ֻǣԴĻԪ֮Ҳʱܹסоʱƣ˾ŵƽԡܹϣľǣħΪʧ̫˱ֿ̫ãˡοһ໹һλĶŻ񣬱ʱܽս
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ǻħδԳ֡޸۶Ծ˵
ʱħ񻹴Ҿ޴ɴϣδ³
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˵䣬Կ˿ťλڵλáϼһǰ۾һ㣬ֻǿһ֡
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չȥǻħܶҪԳ֡ҡͷ˵ûµģȳȥɱһЩеĻԪָӹ١
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ڵľԣǿԴھ֮ǵõ켫Ϊ켫СԲεǿߣԵ壬͵õʵľ޴ң廹һֱ켫Ծȵٶȳǿȡ
ɱЩͨɵ۲εĻսʿ̫ˡԼʮˣֻҪһͷܹ
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ţŵĻԪۣӦҲƫ֮µƺܵΣյϢ
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ˣԱȺвʱĳ֣רնɱŻԪ۲εָӹ١СӻսʿԣԾһ깥Źȥɨ
ܿģһ˽ע⵽˾ԣֹͣ˹ǰڳǴ⼸˵һžڵλ˹
ħµĴ󽫾ڣԵλá
գ۵Ĺ嵽˾λõĲԶгص߸˫Ŀ죬ŭ


3474 ʲô
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նɱ˲ٻŵĴۼɵۣ˻˽ע⡣
үүH
δħ󽫳֣޸۱˳һȣħɱ˹ȥ
޸ħ󽫽֣ܵĿռ䣬ʱһƬܵߣǻŵսʿ˾ŵսʿԶԶܿеľˣ޷ܾ޸ħ󽫽ʱɢ
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꣡꣡
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ϣ˽о޸ԭ˽ľ񣬽ڲżˡǰҲħ󽫽ֹħһԪ۳
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ڻħ޸۵ʵȻҲ޹ؽҪǱߣ޸ĻԪȻ٣Ӱ첻սֵʤ
˼֮󣬻ħעתƿ»صǰڳǵ֮ϡ
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ھ޸ħ󽫽֮صĲԶƬ̡
˽ʵȷʵǿ޸һˣԽԷɱת
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ť桢ť滹ťӵܣվյúܡ
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Ŀȫڵĺˮһ̿


3475 սħ
ħ˫Ŀž޸ۣЩɻ
ΪԾ޸չֳʵȻͻȻ֮ɱħ󽫡ôħôģ
ħܣֲ۵֮УԪĺۼ֡Ӱž޸λñƽ
ʱҲħ΢΢Կ˻ħֵԪλħ񣬺ȻʮԪĻԪۡ
ĿһɨȷħʮԪһĻԪۣħֱǲսʤĴڡ
켫֮۾
켫֮ǿߣԪ֮ԪǷΪġԪÿһ༯һ𡣾ԣյԪȻǺܶ࣬Ϊ켫ǿߺ󣬾Ԫμֿ
켫С֮ǰҲȷħʵﵽ̶ֳȣڰ
ھ֮ǣԿλԪ۽ֹġԪۣ˳ʮԪĻԪۣһ켫֮ǿߡ˵һսǿĸűԪۣʵǿߣǿֱӾͱԪɱˡڣҲ޷
ħҪˡδڽԴߵ˵
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ȷʵʶԪ򣬵ǲԡ˵˵ЩǿߣӦ޷ЩԪġԣȴһھ˵ˣħʮԪ
֪㣬оԡ㣬˽ڣһߡһ֪ǺеĹСһɱֻҪԸ齵ңԼ뻯šʶ̧٣Ѱ·ħ䣬˵ĺ£ȻǺ»Ԫĺ´ۡ
ܹٵȷʵ´зֲϵǺ´ۣǾڣֻǵһԻԪڵһɵ۶ѡ
ħ񣬽һɱ㣬Ϊǰ𡣡Եͳ˵
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֮󣬻ħЦЦһ㡣ħ񣬸ûĻԪ۷˽򣬾վεģħУʵǲֵһᣬɱԣ
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޸ǣ˺󡣡ûпԴ;޸ۣŻħ񣬿жԽԴ;޸˵
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3476 Դôˣ
޸֪Եʵǲľ뻯ħ֡
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ԴҪ;޸ۺˣʲô˼ѵԴǴһ˶Ըħ
֪Сҳȫ㣡ħȻŷϯķǿѹǰڳսȦ
ǼħҲתĿǵϡÿ˵ĿУ˷ܺͼȻǻħµĵϵ󽫣ҲܾûмԳֶԵˡ
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磬⾰뽹ԴǾ޸֣ҲסħСڣǴһԻħ񡣡ťĵƲƲǡ
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ħһоɱɣťЦһ˵
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Ӧÿˡťһ£˵
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˼ǣ뻯ħսУΪʵҪȾǿһЩġ깥漫Ϊó깥ЭԴۣϻħһʱ䡣
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ԴԾĿžԡ
죬ԴôˣΪʲôᾰԴۻе˼ˣ
ħ޷ܾԵ̬ȡ
оԵСֱȫûħӡʱ򣬻ħ񿴾ԡԴЩߣʵǺ⡣ҪģѹԴݻ˽򡣶ԴЩߣħԣǱȽǿϰˡ
ɴʱ˿̣ıԸŭˣԾԣŨɱġֻǱȽǿϣҲ뽫ɱ
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죬ҪݻؼһС
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󽫸е⡣
ϸȥıϡ
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ħȻҲ֪һ㡣
üԼյĹھԵ鱨ƺ©ԣֻʮԪ򣬶˳ʮԪ
ߣվǿɵ䡣ħӡ£̫࣬СնԪɱ˵
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ڵֵħĹ󣬾Եӿ̨䶯罵٣ֻħܱߡ
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ƿ˻ħӡеı׽̺ǿǰն
Ǭһ
ںװɱǬһһĽ⣬


3477 նħ
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ȫͷŵжǿ켫ǿԪ۱֣޷ܵһӰ졣⻯ħȻʮԪ򣬵ԶԪȡ
Ҫ֪켫֮ĻԪֻۣµɱڸڵĻħȻ뵽õ֮С
ǬһĹжǿض˵ھԽ߾ܴ߶Ԫ΢ӳ֣װɱǬһ乥֮ǿ켫֮µĻԪֵġ
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Ӧһ̺֮Ŀֲ˻ȻͬʱһƬƬΣڻħܡ
ȻЩԪ챦ķ޷ֵǬһġ
ڻħܵĹâԼٶȣһѡŷϵ飬ħɫҲĲ԰ףԵǱ
ħѾǵãڶ೤ʱûܹǱˡ۽֣ҲܴݵӦԡ
ħ۾ĶžԡԽܣҲ޷ԼʱԵ˽ߡ
켫켫ħϾѰߣоˡ
Ѿ֪һ켫֮Ŀǿߡֻǣôܣµ鱨˽˽⻹ǱȽġˣҲγڻ鱨֮Уе϶ֻһʮԪʵǿĻԪ۶ѡ
ôͻȻ֮䣬ͳΪ켫֮ˣ
ħ켫֮ңԶȻʮԪ򣬿ɾһԪңңڡ
켫֮ǿߣǵȴڣһģԪ߱պ
֪켫֮ǿߣħ񣬾Բ˽򡣶켫֮ǿߣֺö
ħ񷢳һҽС
ǣѪҺ޷ƵӿһķҲ֮󣬻ħ˫Ŀ֮УǾףԼס켫ǿ߾Դ۵һˡ
ûǰռ䣬ܹסԼС
ħ¶Цһֱžԡ
켫ǿߣó깥ǿ̫ǿˣħһ䡣
Ӱ⳹׽ɱɢ
һУԻֻһУ㽫ǿޱȵĻħɱ
޸ۿһĻû̫仯ԳǽԪ۶˵ĴڣɱһʮԪ켫ĻԪۣ㲻ʲô¡
ˣȴǶˡ
Դվ͵Ŀ⿴žԡʱҲû˺ԶڣնɱħĹ̺˳ħԼʵûüӳ˽ûжԽԴ̫ϵĳ
ħˣ
ǾԴ𣿡
Դģͷ˼ά޷תˡΪ˴ȫû˽򽫱ħĴ״ݻ١ת֮䣬ħͱɱˡ
ת䣬ίʵ̫ˣ쵽Ӧ
ħ֮󣬻ҲˡħǾŸŵ֧ħ䣬ȻʧȥĹǡܶߣ˼ŷ˱仯ǿԵĿ⣬¶˿־ζУһֱΪԼϻħ޵еĴڣɱ˻ħ
ϡŵ߸󽫣ֹͣ˹ǰڳ󷨡
߸󽫣Żħʬ˹ȥЩ󽫣ԻħĹҲǣǵԣ뻯ħǺƵġײСɱϲӶһСЩ뻯ħϵߣҲ޷Ϊ£´ۣܻħ
磡
߸󽫳嵽ħʬ帽ʱ򣬾ٴʩչ磬߸ˡ
ŵ߸󽫣ǵʵǿƻڲûɱǣǺܻܿ˴޴ĶϾ˽򣬱ǽԴûɱ󽫵İա
ھԵĹ֮£߸ˣûܼ̫ʱ䡣ǵʵ뾰ȣʵ̫󡣾һܹ浲סˡ
һЩʱ䣬Խ⼸ȫնɱ
ħ˽ȫ䡣ţ׵Ļˣܶ߿ʼߡ˾ţʿǣһЩų˵Ĵ£׷ɱӵĻսʿ


3478 ûô
ʵ˽ʵ߸ȫֿǱǾԣҲԽȫɱ
Ǿۼһ𣬾ԸԪѹռ䣬߾߲ˡ
ħͻ˽ȫսлвʵǿĻԪۡǾң󲿷־սʿӣ޷ء
޸һȣźɫͷרԷʵǿĻԪۻɱ
ٺ٣Щۣɱͨɵ۸еöࡣɱɱɱ޸ϲ̵ţ۾ӱԪ۶ȫԴͷǳ

Դۣ㡭ԴѾӣ΢˾ԽĿžԡ
һ˵ڣһҪԶԽԴЦЦתĿһ࣬Ǳڵλá
۵ľ޴ɴͣ
ħնɱһĻǱۿͬޱȵ𾪡۶˽˽ⲻ࣬ǰ۲δ˷潻սˣһħ񡣱۶һЩ˽⣬Ҫͨħṩ鱨
ȻҲȫŻħ񣬵Ҳʵû뵽˽ڻ켫֮ǿߴڡԻɱħʱҲԴһµ켫ǿߡ
졭Ȼ켫֮ǿΪУĿҧ
Ҫ֪켫֮ǿߣǾԲֵġ
ϣô죿µĴۣʵ
ô죿۵ɭգȵ
û켫ǿ߾Դ۽ֵĴ㣬ʵ൱Ļħ񣬿һоͱԴۻɱģ켫ǿֲ̫ˡ
ȥȫ룡
ȫ룡

Ķţʼ׼ǰڳǡ
ಣ˾޴ɴǰ
۵ɴڵת׼뿪
ۣߣ۾
һ˫üžԣƬ̺ϼһӲЦݡ
ԴۡվԾԹ˹֡
һ켫֮ǿߣǫһ㲻
۲ؿסǺǣȻˣαżأƤЦⲻЦ˵
һЩҪԼŻȥ۵ƤȻҲԾЦ˵
ǿ²аҡҡͷ
ԴۣΣұΪСƲѣҲûѡҪ־ǲܣ۵ͳɤ˵
ԴۡԴٴ׷ߡ
Դۣǰ۲޳ԹԴ˵
Դû˵仰˼Ҳԣñ¾뿪ˡ
ü
䣡б׽ͻȻն޴ɴϮɱȥ
ˣ۵ɴϣâʢεӡ
ڱ۵Ŀ£һִ⣬ͷŵĽײ˹ȥ
飡ײ֮
޴ɴҵǣԵĽⲢûܴ͸ɴķ
ҪɱףǣҲ뿪ҷɴɴķ̫ǿˡпת
ͻȻնһ̽Ȼ̽ҲǬһԣԶɴķһϵжϡҷɴϣɱ۱Ƚѡ
ԴۣѵҪҵľƴɳƵ
ҡͷ˵ۣǶһЩ졣
¾ŵĿ뻯ħ֣ˡ
ң֮ǰսУµľţɱһλԪ֮ʹսʿ
ʲôʹݰȻ뿪ǲܵġ
˵ǲĻۺ¾š
ԵĻȻǴŭɫȴ仯Դ۵˼˵һЩۣͿ뿪
ȷʵǲ켫֮ľԴۣ뿪ǸһЩۣҲȫܹܡ뾰Դ۲ɱǿܻ
ۣµҪߣһϻ¶һöʯĿ
ʲô۵һʱǺ졣
һϻ¶һʯ
ⲻܣۺ̫ˣ޷ܣ
ǺǣҪԴͲࡣۣҸʮʱ俼ǡ
ãǿ԰Ȼ뿪ǾܾǾͱˣɴҵҲ뿴ܵҶٴιЦһ˵
㡭
ʮϻ¶ʮʯۿ˵뾰ּۻۡ


3479 ť
򲻵ѣ۲켫֮ǿ߾ԴƴȻɴԴ۵Ĺɴܵסʱ˵
һɴķƣô³ͻ뻯ħһš
ħԱ۵ĴǱȽϴġ뻯ħսҲ£˫κβöԷħɣĵ׾޷ƵĲһֹŹֵɡ
ȻǺʹ޻ħ˵ս
ּۣۻۣһɱڡ
ԴۣҳΪԼսʿԭһʧԣҿΪ⳥һЩԴҪһϻ¶һʯ̫ˣҲܴӦۺܼ
۾һᡣ
ʮϻ¶ʮʯˡ˵
ܣ⻹̫ˡ⳥ô࣬Ҳòҡͷ
Դۣ⳥ʮϻ¶ʮʯۿžԡ
Ҳڴ˷ʱ䡣ʮϻ¶ʮʯҿòļޡɫһ
Դۣҡۻ뽲ۡ
Ҫٽۣٽۣ̳ҷɴɱڵĴ˱ۡ
һ
ɴϱµĲֻԪۣ䱸žԣʱ׼ֵļơʵϣЩоϣϱ뾰Դ̸Դնɱħ񣬸Ǵʵ̫ˡǾԴ۵ʵ޷еģһʤ㶼ûС
ãͬˡҧ˵
ʮϻ¶ʮʯӴԴڱ۶ԣóҲǷǳĲɡ
ûʮϻ¶ֻƵԴ䡣ϻ¶Դ䲻ֻźǱ߲УԪռ䣬ȷʵûдһЩԪռ䣬ҲƵƷ
ռݶԪռ䣬ʵǿᣬ£Ƿǳ
ٶȣ⳥Դ׼ãȻͳɴ͵Եǰˣǲ뿪ɴġɲԼ뿪ɴ󣬱Դ͵Ϯһնɱ
Դۣҿ˰ɣۿž˵
⳥ЩԴĺʹ
ۣǾͲˡţӭ´͡Ц˵
վڷɴϣԵĻһ¡
´ΣֻҪ㾰Դ˽ǾԲˡ
ȫ롣
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ĳһʱȷʵɱ۵ͷǣ۵ɴȷʵ̫ǿɱԷסɱ۶ȻԴУµľţ˾šǸʱ˾űؽٴ˲ء
ǵЩԲñһ⳥뿪
ԴۣԴվһԣ˫ĿŹ⿴žԡ
֪ԴΪͻȻǿ󣬵֪˰ȫˡˣ˻ħµľţȡľ޴ʤӴԺѹˣɾͲǰôˡ
ԶԽԴЦЦڷɴϲɱסµľţսʤҲǲʤ
Դۣñ۵ľų룬ȷġ뻯ħŵĽս˾ŵѺءǣҪϢԴͷ
Դۣ㡭켫Դʳͷɻ
ħǰ˵Դ켫֮һоնɱ˻ħȷʵӦֻ켫ǿ߲
˽ȻϢԱϵ١ǽԴҲ֪켫֮ġϾǰǿĻԪۡ
ˣԴˣ
ʱ˻Ԫ۷й˷ܵغ
ϣѪ߰ߣ˺۱鲼սǵβսʿڴɨսսƷ
λˣǷ˻ħɴֻǣɴ󷨺ǿǳԶΣܽСһԪ۳˵
ǵǿйɴƻԾֻǽΧ뿪һ˲˵
ţúܺáڣȽסɡᣬҹȥԵͷ˵
ǣӦ
Դδ˵
ߣȥť档һ£ǰڳǣ˵
ʱǰڳڵťˣֻ׹ߡζû뵽һսǻĽ


3480 
ťҵ̴ͦãŽԴԼڻԪ֮뻯ħսťҿ˺󷽴ѹθԪռԴ⣬Ȼڻħľ˽֮ǰݵ뿪
ϧǵҪˡ
磬ħˣŰˣťŤͷť档
ƺûܽʵǿޱȵĻħôأĻţôͰأ
ͻ䣬֪ͨǣťпתͷ
ţһťҵĴۣ˺ť˱š
ֻδ˱ţһʹ˹
ť桢ť棬һ֣ûɣǾԴ۵ġ
ťˣžԴۡԴͨǰڳǵݣǵĲԶ
Դ˫ťæ˵
ʱť棬̬ǫԹ
ť濴ԵĿͺܸˣ뾰ֽսͲף̶̵ʱȥôͺƻһˣܹɱħˣң񻹴ﵽ켫֮ˣ
Ǻǣλť棬һսʤˡ۾˵
ţʤˣˣ˻ħ⡭˸еܺͼťһı˵
ǰϲɺص顣ť棬ɱʱťҵӵȴڳڰԿť档
ԴۣɲҪᣬʵһֱҲսĺûᡣ뻯ħֵʱҺܶ׼Ҫˣǻûü֣һɱ˻ħ񡣡ťı飬εӡ
ť棬һ˵𣿡Ե
Դۣ˵ĶǧȷģһҪңťҡҪ˶ԿħҺֺαشťӵǰսأťأޱȳϿҵ˵
ֻǣťٳϿңĻҲһֶšԲţԴͬҲťҡťңûġ
ԴۣԴ
ȻսѾ˴ʤťңҲûҪǰսˡ
ǴھȷػԪռˡť˵
Цһ˵˻˻ţսƷԴɽ纣ť棬ťѵһ𣿡
ԵĻťƤӾҶһ¡
սƷȻޱȵķ
ħͻţ൱ĸаȻǰսǻħĴӪħµЩսʿЯԴ仯ħˣǽԪⶼš
ԴťҵȻҲһ
ťûʧȥǣ֪ڣǿ뿪ǰսػԪռ䡣
һսťҲûʲôҾãսƷťûʸ󡣡ťʹ
ţ⵹ҲǡҲãťûʸֵսƷԵͷĿһ˵ť桢ť棬ҪػԪռ䣬ٵȵȰɣţһȥǷģҲᵢ̫ʱġ
ťɫȻһ䡣
Դۣʲô˼ѵ㻹Ҫǵɲɣťɫ˵
ť棬Ҳ¶ŭĿⶢžԡ
Դ㣬ǲǴҪťҳˣť˽ʱ䣬֪ġôʱťҿûʲô˲顣ǿлħťһְ˶ԵС㣬ҪôԴť𣿡ť濴Դ
ԴüڣԴȷʵûťֵ˼ȻťҵΪܲݣťǿʵҲǺġ˵ҲȷʵҲʲôɶť֡
£޹ء
ҸˣҪΪҲȻػԪռ䡣ܾãťбʲôɸ˵Ĵ㡣
ԣǱ£ȻˣҲԲҵģֻҾ޷֤ǳˡЦ˵
ť˶Ϣᣬ۾žԡ
棡
ʱһӰλýӽˣǰȥť˱ŵťӵܣһԪ۲εߡ
ʱֳǰڳǣǴťĿţť˱ŵġ
ť״Ϳ˾ԴۺͽԴУ¶Щ󡣶ʶ⣬ĵѵħľŻûɱǰڳ𣿿ǣովһսӣսʿڳ⡣
˲֪ʲô飡ħľŻб۵ľѾǰڳǣΪʲôӰȫأǰڳǣȻС


3481 
ťҴۣһʱЩתζ뵽һսаˡ
ťʲôţԿŴˣʵ
ťҴۿ΢΢һ㶡
ťȷʵŸǰսťˣֻȻܸˡ
ʲôҪ˵ťæťҴۡ
뻯ŵսѾŰӡڻȥťǲǰս֧ԮˡťֿڶťҴ˵
ǴʲôҪ˵ֳ˵λ
ǣťҴ۹Ӧһޱ𾪵飬׼ٶ뿪ǰڳǡ
ȻˣͱߡЦһť洫ǻԪۣû֪ݣťи˴
ťҴȻԵǾԣתҪȥ
ߣһߡ
ˣֲĵ֮˲̿ܿռ䡣
ťҴֻпµѹѹЩϢƶȴ벽޷̤ȫ·޷ת
Դۣ㡭ťŭһϢǣҪ뾰Զֵļơ
䣡ĿһתĲȻӡ
һΣԵĵťҲڡ켫֮ǿߵѹɲťЩܹܵġѹť嶼޷ƵĲ
ʶԼǿд߶֣ôһ̣Դ۵ɱͻήٵǵϡʵһΪá
ťɫΪѿһֱܾܽԵʵͻȻ£ۼնɱ˻ħлǴһЩ뷨ʱᵽǿµӿѹС˼ʱϨˡԴۣȷʵ쳣ǿ޷ƥС
˵ťҵť棬˵һЩʲôԿťҴۡ
ԽŴ˻˹ȥťҴۣܵѹԽԽоԼƺҪѹ⡣ǣҧݣ͡
Ե壬һ¡ԷǡԸһѰĴۣԲҪø繥Ӱ£ťҴ۵ѹãȻĽ䱸ʼɳڣʶʼɢ
ңťʲôתť档ֳʵ
󡭡桭˵ťҡѾ׼뿪˽򡣴桭˵ťӵܣѹΡÿԪռԴ⣬ҪǣһԻԪϣťҴ۵ǱʶǿԼ˵ЩϢ˵Щ϶ġ
˼Ѿˡ
ЩϢԵĿУۣ
ťˣһȺȻҪ˾뻯Ŵս󷽿飬Ӷ˸ԪռԴ
Ϊη廯Ŷѡ·ǾԻ̫ŭڣȴķǳŭ
ťˣһɫɷסԴ֪ťҵļƻ²׷Źťҡ
ˡťпɬţ
ģ˭뵽㾰켫֮ǿߣ֪ťҲᶯ뿪˽ͷť˽꣬Ҳ޲ɿԭ˭뿪ȥѰµľ
ð̫ˣЦ
Դ㶼˰ɣ⣬ťҰԶԽԴ˵
Դվһԣɫڡ
ԴۣǵֹťˡԴ˵
ţҲżҪѹÿԪռ䣬ᵢһЩʱ䡣ǻڵһԻԪϣ뿪˽ԣֻҪһԻԪžˡԵͷ˵
ûˡԴҲͷ
ھԵǿʵѹ֮£ť桢ťťڳӵܣ޷֮ǣȫеԴͱսһա͸صѰҿܱĴѶ
Դťסťťλť棬һݴľϲյϲ֮飬ִһԻԪʱ򣬾Իǣһ޷ʱᷢ顣
ɫްήҵťҵ֮󣬾ˣЩ˶ܵĹѺ

ħݣҾ޴ɴܺá
ھ޴ɴľԣŷɴ˵
ڷɴΧдսʿɲߡԣȻɴڻлħµĶۣҲٿطɴߡ
ΪɴмǿĹսʿδɴֻԶԶֹɴƶ
ֵԹ֮ڣǿɴҲԶԶħɴʮ֮һԴھԣ̾˵


3482 սƷ
ħǲ´ɴ뾰Խ֣Ǿնɱħ񣬻治׵顣
ϧħ뾰Խ֮ǰûԿֵýĶֱ֣뿪˷ɴ
ţħҷɴϣҲǺķԼԴԵͷ˵
ԴۣҷɴϻһЩܲٿطɴô죿Դžʵ
Ҫɴʵ¡ɴϣûлħǸǿһЩѰĻԪۣһ̶ϲٿطɴԶԶ÷ɴĹﵽǿ
ֻҪôսʿĹɴڴѻ֮£ò˶ʱ䣬ͿԻƷɴȻķɴǲСĴݻٵˣǾ̫˷ˡҲΪˣ˾ŵսʿŻΧ
԰ɣԻ£ӰǷɣɴӽ

ɱ
ɱɱɱ
ɴϵĻԽӽǲٿطɴԷǶ֪ǵϻħ񱻾ɱԵԽӽɴʱԵúܻҡ
ǲٿطɴͷŵĹ޷вԵġûжܣֻƾһЩֶΣ͵ɴĽ
Ը֪ɴĲ󷨣һϵ裬ӷɴ󷨣Ǻ׵顣ңɴϾһҷɴܼǿԶдӵġдҪһӴнзģɴϵ󷨣ֻǸһҷɴѡ
ûöʱ䣬Ա㿪ʼ󣬶Ǿܵıɴ
ˣڼ֮󣬾Ա㽫ħɴƿ뵽ڲԽɴϵĻնɱɾ
ɴԵϣ¶һĨЦ⣬ϲɴ
ǰԴ˽ȥ֮صʱһҷɴԲ󷨡ҷɴһħɴȫûȡ
ڷɴϴƬ̣Աɳ
ԴպôԶй
ԴɴѾǵˡЦ˵
Դ֮ҵԴ̾һ˵
ˡЦ
ԴۣսѾϣеսƷʱȫǰڳڡڣ͵ǰȻһηЩսƷˡԴת˵
áԵ˵ͷ
뽹ԴһͬǰڳǡսƷѻڳʱһƬ֮ڡȻ󲿷ֵԴǷһЩռ䱦֮ڣֳȥȻޱȵ׳ۡ
˵ִʱԪ֮ڳ
ԴԴۡ
˹Ԫ֮ǣּ˿ԵʱĿⶼЩһÿ˶뻯ħһսܻʤԴ۵Ĺͣһ޶˵ûоԴۣû˵Ļʤ˵ûоԴۣǰսʱѾʧȥѽ˽Χ
ղڴ۵뾰й϶ˣʱ¶η֮ɫҲ޷ЩģľˣĽԴۻǵ鷳
ħ񶼱ԴһնɱԴҪɱЩˣǶָͷھԴǰȻ޷֮
ۣĿΪӣܶڡԾԵǿΪ˸еˡһֱɱħΪ´۸𣬵ڣˣħھԴ۵УΪ´۸ˡ
λԪ֮
뻯ŵսѸһ䡣û˻ħͻ˽ǰ˸Ԫռ䣬ԼͻˡˣʱǰȫˡһУҪ鹦ھԴۡԴ˵
ڻԪ֮Ӧǡ
ÿһԪռ䣬һսУʧ޴󡣡
ϣЩսƷֲܹһЩԪռʧڣǱ㹲ͬһ£ηսƷԴ˵
ԴۡĻ䣬´󲿷ֻԪҲⳡսСǣĻԪϾڣԪռ߻šЩսƷǷвĻԪһݣʹ۳ʵĻۣʦͽϵ
ȻеġԴͷ˵
˵ʱԴ⿴˿ԣֻЦŵͷĻȻһЩ϶Ļ۱ϾѾˣԲȥƽǰĶԹ
λħɴѾԴ¡ɴΪӦùԴ۸ˡԴͻȻһת
ⷬʶ⣬Ҿ޴ɴÿ˶֪ǷɴǼֵı


3483 ťһϲ
Ʋģ
ھĲƸǰжֵܹȻľ
Դ˵ħݹԴʱڳĻԪ֮ÿ˵ı鶼ϸ΢ı仯û˳ԡղڴ۵пһЩ뷨ûֱ˵
ȻҶͬ⣬ǾͶˡԴɨһȦˣû˳Էԣܿ˵
Դۣҷɴ¡ԴֶԾԵ
Ҿȴ֮ˡЦ˵Ҳûʵľܾá
ȷʵҪһҼ߶˵ɴ
ηսƷΪԴΪ޴󣬲ĻԪռʮԣ̾Щӡ˵ԪռʵǿȳȵĹϵ
ԪԽǿսԽʵԽǿôԪռԷֵԴԽߡ
λۡڽԴĹ˵󣬾Գˡ
˵һҵĻԪռ䣬ҪõԴԿһۡ
ħɴˡҷɴȼߣ󷨲ٿѶҲܴ˵ֱһ㣬ʱҲܽҷɴٿصǿΡԻ˵
Դۣ˵ûҵʵܷӳҷɴȫԴͷ
ţ˵ڱ¾ųʱסǡҴӱУҪһٵԴϻ¶ʹʯ⳥ⲿԴҲˡ
ղڴ۵˵ɫ΢ЩѿЩԪ֮ҲԼ֪Դ۴ӱҪ˶ԴޱӴһ֡ڣҪռԱ⳥Դ
УնɱħǼ󽫺ϵԴҲȡˡⲿԴҲóͬ䡣ϴ΢Ц
ħͻ˽ϵıȻҲǼ࣬ǻΪеȺߡ
󣬾޸նɱ˲ٻսʿҲȡ˲սƷ룬ȡǲԴҲӦõġһս޸ܶ࣬ҶԴûɣԼ˵
ͬ⡣ھ˵Щ󣬽Դ̵ͷʾͬ⡣
лԶԽԴ˹֣˵սʿͬռԴҺ͵һڶԻԪͲˡ
λۣǷ˶˵飿ڻԪ֮
˵ʱǰڳǵԴղڴ۵ɳһԭѿɫҲúÿࡣ
ԾԴ۵ĹͣٶսƷӦõġǾԴۣǱ˵սƷˣѾˡղڴ˵˾ƯֻЩΥģǾʵ̫ǿ϶顣
Ԫ֮Ҳû
ԴۣǰڳǳڵԴԻԪ÷һ֡ԴԾ˵
ˣѾЦЦ˵ҾͲսƷˡťǱߣҲôһ£ʡǵõϢǰˡ
ťˣǰõϢ⼸죬Ԫͨһֱڷ״̬ûʹûԪͨصԪռ䡣ťˣ֪ǰս顣ԴԾԵ
ţȴž޸ȥǺǣһڵһԻԪťЩ˹ȥԴٽԪͨһʱ䡣ȴťˣһ˹ұšԵ
ãû⣬֮ǰһֹκͨԪͨ뿪ǰڳǡԴԥľ͵ͷ
Ҳû˵ȥﾰԴۣΪûǸҪԾԴ۵ʵť淭˻
Ժ;޸ۣťҡť棬ťҵһȺԱʹûԪͨǵִｹԴԪٴӽԴԪصһԻԪ
·ϣťӵӦťķԸҪһܡťӵܣֱӱ޸һͷ˹ȥɱȻťҵȺ˾ͷǳʵˣԼͲлھԴۺ;޸Ƥӵѡ

ԴߵԴеడղڴ۱Թһ䡣
ʱһûֵ֧ӡȾ뿪ǰڳǣͿʼ˵ֻˡ
Դһ֮սʤţҾþԴõԴˡ۶ղڴۣ˵
ʵǰڳڣսƷǷһЩսƷȫֲܹǵʧԴۣṵ̂ġʹ˵һ䣬õǲ֣ûԤڡ
Ǻǡղڴ۸ЦһҲ˵˵û˼
˵Դ۵ʵôôǿħɱʱҶһûӦ޷󡣡ղڴȻ˵
ҲǺ֮ǰԴ뿪˽ʮʱ䣬ʲôɣԴҡͷ


3484 
ڳĻԪۣ֮ܳ⣬ĽԴ۵ˣмʵ
Դͬˡ
뿪Ԫʮʱ䣬һһնɱƥĻħ񡣾Դ۵ˣ˾λá
֮ˣҪлԴۡ
սƷԴ
սƷ䣬Բһɵġһսʱ䣬ſսƷһŶѡ

һԻԪ
ԡ޸ۣťťˣʱոմӽԴԪһԻԪ
һˣڻԪռĻԪͨڵ㸽
ӭӷԪͨڵ㣬κ˿ť˵֮ǰһԻԪռ䣬ֻܽ벻ܳȥ
ťˣһɫ԰ףûа硣
޸˿ܣֿԡ
Ҳ̫ףΪʲô뽹ԴղڵˣһͬЩսƷ޸۶Ծʵ
뻯ħһս޸ҲǴ׬׬ңҪȵھ֮ǱԪѹ֮ǰҪࡣ
һħϵԴ޸ǰȡħܾԵ깥Ӱ죬ȷʵǱ޸۵ĸͷɱ˵ģԾþ޸ħ󽫵Ʒ
ǳ⣬Ҳñ˺ȿЦ
ǳǰڳѼԴɲֻ˵ġţǷǳĸС޸ҡͷԵ˵
һֱԪռ䣬ǸеúܡЦЦ
ǰڳڵЩԴȷʵ١Ҳ˺ܶࡣԼ˵
ҾûǲʵȻĻԪռ˳Ա֮һˣ㲻һġǽԴҲԼ˼ûҪΪǿʲôһ뻯ŵսǻĪĶˡ޸˵Դ˵ʱǲΪȻı顣
˵ģȷʵʵղڴ۵ˣǽԴԼ˼ġս󣬽Դ֪Եʵȴδ˵þƹˣȻóλӡ
˵ģȻҲ֪Եͷ
ʵλӣҲںԵĿ
Ϊ켫ǿߺ󣬾Ե۽磬Ѳܾ˽֮ˡ
޸ǵõģɲսЩťҵˣҵһԻԪΪ뿪˽һվҲ˵ڽһԻԪ֮ǰѹʮԪռԴ⡣
Уťĵ̣ǼģءͣһЦ
޸ʱ˵ťңǳ򰡣ɡ
ûˡԵͷ
ťԼԴ˽ʮԪռı⣬ǵжԴԣǰڳڵЩսƷýԴڻԪ֮һˡ
飬̫
Զɵ۵ȵһԻԪĸ߲ú֪ϾԴ۽Ԫռ䣬̴ѶԣǼԼ飬һɵԪͨڵ㣬Զû

ڶԻԪռ䡣
磬ڶԻԪԴ⣬Ҳ̫˵ɣԭRԪǺǿ𣿡ťһʧı顣
ʱťҵĴ󲿶ӣڶԻԪĻԪͨ
Ǹոϴ˵ڶԻԪԴ⣬ջԶԤڡ
һ㣬Ҳ⡣
ǾԴԪռ䣬ת˴ԴһԻԪ뻯ħսΪԱ˵ʱ˽ڣڶԻԪܱ۸ǱȣóӴԴ֧Ԯǰսġťͳ˵
ʱԵʣӦúúõѹһЩԪռ䡣ťϧ˵
Ҳû취飬ȫһһħסˣǾˡťҡͷ˵
ԼǡťһԴ˾֡
棡ťҼťΧͻȻӶǰٹť׵˽һ
ʲôˣťüʵ
Ԫͨڵ㸽һťΧ۵
ţťϢȻһ䡣
ǽڶԻԪʱͨڵ㸽ӣѾǽˡڣͨڵ㸽Ӧû˵ĲŶԡ
ʲôˣť溮ʵ
Ӧ̻Ļ᳤һЩˡť̻򽻵٣ťΧۣȻʶ᳤
̻ܲڽԴԪ᳤ʲô
ʲôȥǡ⣬ֱɱťһ֡
ťҵĴ󲿶ӣӽԪͨڵ󣬵һˣǿٵӭΪ׵ģ᳤ˡߵߣš


3485 
̻ᣬȻ˽ʮԪռǿ̻ᣬ⼸鲼еĻԪռ䡣᳤еĵλҲΪȻġ
ķ̻ᣬԱȲ̻ᣬµõ˾Ե֧֣̻Ҫϳ̻ᣬҲҪʱп
˵ǵ᳤˴ľ˾ԣ̻Ϊ˵һ̻ĵλܹڵ˾Ժ̻˾޴ʧ̻Ԫ϶᳤˸濴ʮ᳤꣬ǱȽϵ͵
ݼť棡
᳤ʮţӭťҶ飬Ĺݼ
᳤£ťΧ᳤ۣʵ
ťΧ᳤ֶťΧ۹˹֡
ťΧһ£档᳤˵
ť桢ť滹ť棬ťȺмλãʱδ
᳤ǺæģûʱʲôťΧҡҡͷ˵
ťˣҪһԻԪʱ᳤飿
ťΧˣҪ˵飬ᵢťΧǵʱ䡣ңҽϷťҡ᳤ٺܿ졣
ŶťΧһ
᳤ʲô飿
ʱťλť棬Ӻеǰ档ťΧ᳤ĶԻǶˡ
棬ťңһ뿪˽򡣡᳤ޱȹ˵
ťҪ뿪˽Ȼûй᳤Ҳµˡ˶Ҫ군ˣť飬Ѳµť˵Ĵ㡣
ᡣʵȴǿûеһ뿪˽ܹťһߣȻΪʵġ
᳤ΪʲôҪһ뿪ťʵں᳤֪ť˼뿪˽޹ؽҪ
棬͸ťң
δ̻ܲûٻȥԣٺ١Ҳ̻ܲԴֿ⡣棬ҿԽЩԴȫ͸ťҡ᳤Цһ
̻󱦿ڵԴɲ᳤һ˵ģ̻ᡣ뿪̻ܲȻ󱦿ϴˡжԴԾ֪һ֡
᳤ĻťȫĿһ
棬˳·ҵֵǣһͬ뿪˽򡣡᳤ٴ˵
ťҶԣ뿪˽ȷʵ£˵˳·ҲΪ˵ʵťǰûʲôвťҲҪ˱˼
᳤ҪеԴ͸ťңťʵѾ᳤ͬ
ǧȷҵĳ⡣᳤صͷ
ǺãߵЩˣ͸ťҶһ߰ɣťЦһ˵
ťˣҲû
棬һ¡᳤ֵ
ʲô飿ťüͷһ壬Щͷʵ
̻ܲڵһԻԪ֮ڡ̻ı⣬ԴҲ١棬ǵ˵һԻԪܷŹ̻ᡣһԻԪҲǾСĴӪԪ֮ڣвپСšЩˣϣ棬ɱǡ᳤ҧݵ˵
Ծԣ⡣Դʮǰ뾰ԽԹӾͲùеȨ˺ܶ࣬ҲһǧɡһУ᳤ΪΪԡ
뿪˽֮ǰҪݺݵıһ¾ԡȻ˶Ҫ군ˣɱһЩ뾰йصˡ
̻ܲǻȥһˡ
ҪɱʲôˣǲܣǲΪ˷Ѷʱ䣬Լհɡťͷ
л档᳤мİл
֮Լ̻ܲľԴ͸ťҼťΧۡťΧ۲鿴Ķť˼䡣
߰ɣԪͨǰһԻԪťĵ
ƺƵĶ飬Ԫͨ
һˣťˣӵһԻԪڵĻԪͨڵ߳
Ҳ֪ܺܣûеһԻԪť˵һ䡣
磬öϣǵõź󣬿϶̴ǰսˡʱڻԪǡťЦ˵
ǰսǱߣħµľţбţӦѾ˾ŰɣԴǣˡťǡ
ǸԣҲһˣʬ޴档ťЦ
磬Ҹ紫Ѷť˵
һԪռڣʹôѶдѶˡťѾǰսͿԽӵѶ


3486 ʧ
ťˣ鶼ɡ
һԻԪ뿪˽һվһԻԪԴѹһǱ㽫һȥ
ťˣԵһԻԪĻԪûʲôڴԪռ䣬۴ߵʵԴ棬ԶԪռȡڵһԻԪиֵ̻ܲѹѹΡ
ҲΪ᳤ĳ֣ť˵һ󡢵ڶ̻ܲ
磬ƺûһԻԪҸѶûõӦťü˵
޷ȼҲťһ˵
᳤Ϊťṩ˾ԴԵǵõһŴťҵļλһ𡣵˵ť˻ڵһԻԪͣ죬ʱϲ
һиʱб֪ԵˣһԪռ䡣
ˣ᳤ϣ¶̶Цݡ
棡棡ťΧ۴Ҵҹ
棬ѾһԪռ䣬ǰƺڵǡťΧť
ťҵĳԱȫһԻԪռ֮ťΧ۱һЩťӵܣ̽ܵĻʵɱԪͨڵػӡ
ʲô˼ʲô񡭡ƺģѻ˵ѵťҶʶˣťϣ¶õı顣
档ťΧЩε˵ҿһЩˣ̫ԶҲǺ̽飬ܳɹһ⣬̹档
Ŷťüȩ̧̈Щ⡣
һԻԪǾ⣬Сɫˡʲô⣿̻ᵹǿһЩɷ̻֪ǵеǵ鷳ť˵
ȥť沢̫⡣
ť桢ť滹ťǰťΧťһЩԪ۽ˣǰйȥ᳤Ҳȥ֡
϶ǣƬ̺ťͿťˡ
Ƕ磬ܡ
ǹȻѾ˻Ԫռ䡣
ôûлӦ֮ǰĴѶأѵһСϲ
λť棬ɡǣûʲôΣաǵʵݺ˽ʲôΣգ˵ЩԪռĶǿߣȥǰս㲻ˣҲûܹвǼˡ
ףе⣡ťü˵
ǹȥҲס͸ȥ·ťҵ˵Χһ
磬ǹˡťЦ˵
ťҡҡͷҲûٶ롣ť棬ʲôǻħ٣Ͳڴв
ߵߣԽԽ
ťҵĵѣּأ
ʱһͻȻţǿռת˲ť˱㿴ť˵ǰӰ
ˣȻǾԴۺ;޸ۡ
ԣ㡭ôť棬ʶʾôԲӦǰս
٣ҲӦ뻯ɱ
ť棬ʵǣΪʲôûǰսΪʲôڻԪռ𣿡Цһ
ťһɻı顣
ťťˣһۣͬһͷˮ
ģʲô
ѵӳǰսǰصԼĻԪռ䣿ǣťҵˣô£
ǰӻġťһ㾰Դۣڿ˵ΪΡǺǣ㻹ӱ
Цһ
ťҵϼһ̫ˣҶȥˣһħǵĵǻħڳǰȴǲһ޸۵Ĵɤź
ťü˾޸һֻۣΪ޸ڿѹһ֡
ħھǰһ
ǵ
һжҪȻԴǰˣҲáգ㽫޸һɱˡťЦ˵
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϶վʲôťüԾԺ;޸ť˺
ť溰֮ťˣվ·û
һ֣ɢ֮ϡǰһʱ䣬ǾԷų֮ϣťҵ˲ܴȥҲ޷͸ϡ
ťҲԹѣô
ɢȥϺ
硭ťݵغˣˡťңʧˣ
ʲô϶ں˵ʲôťЩ£ЩɣȺˣǲťˡ
磬ôˣťʵ


3487 ˵Ķ
ťҲ쵽鲻Ծȴ֪ﲻԾ
ȻԴۺ;޸ʵǿ˵սҲǼһһ൱֣ܹնɱԴۺ;޸ˡ
ť׵ˣʱôΪġ
磡
ǰսսˣť˵
ʲôôͽˣ˾ţô˵źͱţѽ˽ˣť˵
ǻŰˡȻûȫû˲أŸŴӣҲ֪ûһӵħҲԴնɱťɥ˵
ǰսһԻԪڻԪͨڵһЩʱ䣬ťҲ˺ܶࡣãťϣȥġԴ۵˼ƺҪťնɱԴɱťˣǾûҪЩǰսť˴ֱǰսɱǲǸ㣿
ȻлϣȻҪϧԣ˻֮ٵť˵ǰսĿõ顣
ԴնɱħһĻһǡһĻʯ쾪
磬˰ɣ˵ħ񱻾ɱˣ
ôܣťЦ˼
硢硢ĸ磬˵һ㶼ûԴʵǿޱȣħ˵ѵ켫֮ťޱ˵
ť֮Уť˵ֱһЩ
켫֮
⼸֣Ȼť׵˵ͷť棬켫֮ζʲô
ťٿԵʱѷ˷ǳԵı仯
ȻԴ˻š
ǣťҺťˣ˵ѡңԵʵֻǼ൱ťҺťˣôǱһ㣿ǰϣ㣬ť׵ȫˣⲻǵеֶΡ
켫ʲô켫᳤û׷ʲô֪켫֮壬ûťҼļʶ
ǰսսѾ̫ˡŴܣҲͰȫˡ
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ť棬ťˣгԱɣ
ȫԱҾԻԪҪʲô
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һ֣ɫҲǷϻ˷Լʱ䡣
֪ťҴʲộһԻԪťˣ뿪˽һվǵִһԻԪ֮ǰӦѽԪռĻԪϴһ˰ɣǺǣá
ťףˡңԸһλᣬ뿪˽˵ǻ뿪
ǵԴȫ¡ȻǿԴ뿪Ǿ֮ڡ
֮Щˣ˽ǼŴȥԻ˵
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ťΧ˵ⷬ󣬾һϢ
ҵĻû˵꣬ϲ˴ϣҺܷеˣǾ͸СťΧҪ̧֣һĻ
ӡۣťΧĻ˹ȥ
ɶ񣡡ťԳ֣һͺӰԲťΧԻɱֹԶťΧ۵Ĺ
ťť棬Ҳ֪˾һеƥܡԼٶȳ֣ť湲ͬԵĹ
꣡
ӡĻťˣԵ˳ȥһӡ˵֮£ûнٶȡ
ͣ
һ̣һӡťҵ棬ҲťҼťΧ۵ϡ
ťΧҲûеʩչֶΡ
ϧķֶΣá
һҽдλťΧۣһʬ塣
ťףǼҸղ˵ģûУ
ҪôҪôԴȻһ
ť׵ɫҰףѪţֻ赲ԵӡѣͲ㱻شԵĹĿǼǡ붼˿־塣
ťҼȷһ£ǾǾԴܹġԣǱصĿǾԴ۸ť˵ѡ
ҪôҪôԴ뿪˽
ԴԻǲԴûˣԴȻҲûˡ


3488 ֮
ť⼸λԲںťΧ֮ԺںԼ
ʵϣ˽򣬾ΪѡֻǵʱֻˣǵҲťסťҵȣ˽ǵťңӴļ塣
Ϊ˻ťԷܶࡣ
ֻһӽ޾µĻ۶ȥЩԽܡ

֮ǻǲԸ⽻еԴôǽʧȥĻᣬ뿪˽ĻᡣԵĮ˵
Դۣť
ťˣδ֮ҵŵĵطǽеԴǾǵڻļŵĻԪգûԴ޷档ť뾰Խ
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ťĿתĶžԣ۾ͨ졣
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ťȻˡ
ȻôʶʱҲ̫顣ǿɴǵıЦ˵
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⣡ǴӴԺ󣬲׼ٽ˽벽˽ڣҷֻ˵ť˳֣ҾԲٸǵڶλᡣ۾С
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ʱ䣬ťԽȫԴ
ťԼĻۣťҸոմӸԪռıѹεԴҲ᳤ղ͸ť̻ᱦԴ
ھԵ֮̽£ť˼ԴťҲһ㣬ǵûĴңťİ֮£ť˺ʵĽеԴÿ˵ıͼɴ
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Ǻ޼˾ԣͲþ֮ء׷ťҵĶһԻԪ֮ǰݺݵıһֻǣû뵽Դ۾ȻѴǰսʵѹť档
ھԳɱťťΧ۵ʱ᳤ȫͷţԴ񶼲ٿԡ
᳤ʲô㲻ťˣϽ뿪顣ťĿһɨ᳤ȵ
棬ǡťҲܲҰҿǡ᳤˵Լϴ̻ı⣬ȫԴ׸ťҡ
᳤޹ءڣ̹ťҶ飬飡ťĿ
ոھǰı޴йͷŭȼա᳤Ҳǳɱ⡣
᳤ȻҲܵťɱ⣬Ҳףһ뾰УɡԣȻȺ֮У뿪顣
Դۣǻ˶һСʵǲֵþԴԳ֡磬ťҴͽնɱΣť濴ʵ
ɱˣ᳤׷ߣһܺõķй󡣲ҲҴðȻ֣׷ѰԵ˼
ǾťˡţһȫʬԵͷ
ڵõԵťٲɣԶ᳤˳֡
ťף㡭㲻úťˣµ᳤˻ζû뵽ԼڵһԻԪ
úܺãť뿪˽˱ħݻٺȻԺúõĻڣҪťУ
Ҳڽ߾ȫĵֵϧԼ׷ߵʵť̫ࡣֻʱ䣬᳤ʮ̻߱ȫնɱʮʬ壬͵Եǰ


3489 ̻Ԫ
ťҲûѯΪҪȫʬڽնɱť崩Ԫ뿪˵һԻԪ
Խťͳ˵һԻԪǳɴԶ롣
ӴԺֻҪԴۻ˽ť˿Ǿ޿ٻˡ
صԪռڲ֮󣬾ԴŸոջõԴִﾰԱ⡣
Զɵۡһɵ۵ˣѵȺΪǰӭӣǱ㶼ڱȺ
һΣԱĹģܹˡԿŹģӴı⣬е˵ҲӦʱ䣬ƸĴС

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ܲȴǶһ޶ġܲԴֿ⣬洢Դൽ
˵ܲԴֿⱻգԪϹɶȻǲٵȻˡܲԴֿǳ⣬̻ҲˡҪ֪Դֿ֮дŵĻ̻ԼƷƷǱķŵġ
ûʱ䣬̻ԪϣǾۼܲ
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λȥ׷᳤һԪϵͳ
ץʱ䡣
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̻ԪǣˡڵõһЩ鱨֮ŵһԻԪ׷˹ȥǴӵõ鱨е᳤֪Ѿť˵Ķ飬˵һԻԪ
̻ԪϣҲ֪ťʲô뷨᳤ֿܲڵԴťҶ飬ĿѾˡ̻Ҫģť뿪һԻԪ֮ǰסǡȻ̻ĹɶԪǲť棬ҪģֻǸ˶
һԻԪԪͨڵ㸽
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ⲻǾԴߵľ޸𣿡
޸۸žȥǰսô

̻ԪǣҴҵĸϵһԻԪȴ֪ڵһԻԪڣ֮ǰʲô顣һԻԪʱϢȷʵδȥ
ʵ㾰ԲԪռ䣬̻ԪҲô͵õϢ֪̻ܲĲֿⱻգһ𼱻ǵĲҵ˿ʱ䣬жʱȴӵһԻԪϢء
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޸۵ĻԪɫ΢΢һ䡣Ϊ޸ۣƺרǵġһʱ䣬ͷԪǵԺ
޸ۣ̻Ĳֹɶ̻ϯԪ϶Ծ޸֪޸㣬ڴ˵Ⱥǣʲôأ
Ǻǣ̻ܲڽԴԪʱȴôһͬһԻԪӦλһԻԪҪʲôɣ޸ЦеĿŶ˵
⡭ϯԪһʱ
£ȷʵܼһԻԪ˵ЩԪϣǵһһԻԪ
ǿЦġλԪϣʵǳԴˣǰ֪ǻԲڴˣȺλ޸ִЦһ˵
λɣ޸תжȥ
Ԫǲ֪ǸøϾ޸ۣתӻԪͨؽԴԪУԼһֲ̫ԤСǲ֪ΪʲôӦǰսľԴۻص˵һԻԪҲ֪ť˺Ǹ˽һԻԪû뾰Դ
ܲôˣֿܲڵĶǵûϯԪһ
ţȷʵˡ
ܾԴҪʲôǶȥ
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̻Ԫǣž޸ۣ˾Ա⡣޸ֱۣӴԪǽ뾰Ա⡣
⡭
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̻Ԫǽ뾰Աһ۾ԲĿⶼЩֱԱڵԴȫǵš


3490 һö
̻Ԫǣ֮еĴˣܴδעŵһԻԪĻԪ֮ϡ
֪һԻԪڣԴһԪ⣬Ҳ⡣ǱʶǾΪһԻԪĻԪռ䣬̫ԴоԴ۲ҲǱˮн
Ȼʱ˿̣ÿһже𾪡
һԻԪĻԪ֮ڣԴ࣬ൽǶۻҡȻ⻹Ǳĵһ㡣
λԪϣˣڶء޸ЦݶЩ̻Ԫϵ
ž޸ۣ̻Ԫǣ򶥲ȥ
Խǽӽ㣬ǾԽľΪԽϣıＶԽߡ˺ܿԪڶҲڶĻԪ챦
ˣ̻ԪǣѾˡ
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ԴǼǰսܾѶԴž޸ӻ𣿡
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λض񡣡԰֣Ц˵
֪λҵһԻԪʲô𣿡Ժɫʵ
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ڳĬƬ֮ϯԪϳ
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ô˵᳤̻ˣҵʱ;ã̻Ԫǣ϶ټ᳤ġԣұҪť˽᳤ʬ¡ΪˣǷťһ顣ԻĽЩ˵ꡣ
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ھ˵ĻȻǲŵġǣĲ֪ʲô顣
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ťѾ뿪˾ԻԪ˻Ԫաţʱ䲻λȥ׷Ļϣ׷ϡ
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Ҫٰ֪̻ᣬھṩٴС£ɽղʮʯҡ
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᳤Ϊ׷رԴûԴҪ᳤ʬʲô
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ʮʯһöУԼ˵


3491 ڸ
̻Ԫ亹ֱðиܵԾԴϵĿֲѹ
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Դۣ̻϶ǲˣŪ㡣ֻǡʮʯίʵ̫ˡ̻ܲĴֿ⣬ողű˶աһӣòʮʯԴۣ죬˵ĶǧȷʵϯԪϿɥСĵԽ͡
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ţһòʮʯֻҲǡңԴܹġ
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ǣܺڽһԻԪ뾰Դۼ档֪ˣǿζԱԴۡ
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̻Ԫǣھ޸۵ļ֮£뿪˵һԻԪ

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̻ԪǣӻԪͨɳһ
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˶ťɱģһԪɡ
Ǳ˭ɱģʱ˵һԪҡҡͷ
ť˾ʲôǣΪʲôû뾰Դ۽֣ťʵѵ¾Դۺ;޸˲ɣ
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ǺǡЦǵСء
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ħǵȿµǿߣ˭֮⣿ҿԴۿǴǰսӻġ
²ǡϯԪҡҡͷ˵ǰսȻңԶлԪͨڣǰս鱨ݻķ̫ʱ䡣
ԪͨݻٵأԪϵ
ӽԴԪͨǰսĻԪͨݻ٣ֻ˵һ˾ŴܡϯԪӡ
λô˵̻鷳ܴ˾ŰˣǾ͵ÿѧť뿪˽ˡ˾ʤˣǾ͵һڣ׼ʯ͸ԡϯԪ˵ֿ̻ܲ⼸ˣʯ׼ҪǸˡ
ǡɶ񰡣ôˣţһҪƤһԪϷŭޱȵĵͺ
ˣ̻̻ܲȽ˵ʬ崦һ£Ȼ׼ʯǵȾɱ̻ܲǱض˻ϯԪϰ˰ֵ
һˣ̻ܲȥ


3492 ˻
һԻԪԱڡ
ˣ㾹ȻǸʬ壬ʮʯ޸ۿžԣһ̾ı顣
ʱҲ֪ԳΪʲôҪťȫʬ̻ԪϹɶ˵һԻԪԼ׹
Ҳû룬ʬ壬ʮʯ֮ޡ
ҵģЦһ̻ᣬΪС
ҲرԸ񣬵̻һЩΪֶΣȷʵŭҡȻʱ̻쵼ЩɶҲĬΪ΢΢
̻꣬㻵˾Դ£Һûһ̻ܹҪȻԱȻ˷Ѵʱ;
ȷʵҵģЩ˶޸صͷ
תʵʮʯǻ𣿡
һ㲻õģһġʮʯȻ̻ܶ࣬ĵ̺ͻۣóġȻϱߵԴ̻ȻԪˡ̻ᣬӭһѵõĻᡣԵͷ˵
޸һǰս֪ͨԴɣţ˵ťѾ뿪˽򣬲ŵ̤˽벽ԶԾ޸Ը
ǣˡ޸Ӧһתȥ
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ʱԻػԪռ䣿ղڴʽԴ
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ϣȷʵťˣ˵һԻԪǴӵһԻԪԪݣ뿪˽򡣡һԪ˵
ԴӦǼťˡԴӡ
ϣڵһԻԪťȷʵ˾Դۺ;޸ֻۡǣ֮䷢ʲôҲ֪Դ۷˻Ԫռ䣬ֹֽԱ˸֪巢ʲôҲ֪ť˵һЩʲôǻԪҡͷ


3493 ֻԿ
ʱڵһԻԪռ䣬Դť˼棬ť֮⣬ֻһ޸ۡ
ԾԴ۵ʵҪ̽ť˽̸һЩʲôǾ޿ܵ飬˽ûܹھƤӵ͵
̸֮󣬾ԴԽťԱͳ˻Ԫռ䡣ˣ޷֪Դť֮䷢顣Ҫ֪ϢҪôʾԴۡ޸ۣҪôȥ׷ťѯʡ
ϣǵĻԪ⼸ˣô죿ʦʵ
Դ˻˻֣¡ڣֻʣ½Դ˺ʦʦǽԴΪεˡ
ʦԾԴ۵ʵҪťɱťˣҲġڣȴť뿪ˡԴʦ˵
ϵ˼ǣʦϢʵ֪Դ˼
롭ǱڵĶھԴˡԴ̾һ
ȻԴ۳ɹڵһԻԪڽסťˣԴۻť˴˲Ƹ뿪˽ťܹ뿪Ψһܹ͵ͨľǣť˽еĲƸ͸˾Դۡ
ϣȷʵпܡǡԴ۲һ㣬ǿûа취ҪЩԴʦ¶εı顣
û취
ԾԴ۵ʵ˽ûܹʲôǣԸĹ黹ЩԴ
һҲֻԿˡ룬ԪĻԪ֮ҲһһԼԴɣԴ˵
ڽԴʦ˽ʱղڻԪղڴ۵˽ԴԪڹԴ
ղڴ۵󲻾ãڤҲˣȻʹ۵ȵȡ
ʮλԪ֮˻ۺ;Դ֮⣬˾Եڹ
ǱڵԴһھԴСղڴ۾ͨ˵
ղڴۣ˵⻰иݣԴ̧üʵ
ŵ鰡ťˣôھԴǰԴ뿪˽򣿡ղڴ۵̧ߡ
²⣬ǲеġԴҡͷ˵
罫ԴٹһԪڵԴκһԪޱҪġûЩԴԪռķչܵΪصӰ졣
ǰǰսϻõսƷû취ֲǱʧġ
ԴǰսѾ˺ܶܶ࣬ǲеˣ
ڻԪ֮׷׿ڡ뾰Թϵ㲻ļԪ֮ҲɫѿȻû˵ʲôԾԿ϶һЩԹԵġ
λԴ̧̧˵ѲͬԴۣѲǰľԴˡ
ھԴǰ̬ϡǵһЩΪð
Ԫ⣬ȷʵΪҪǾһͬȥһԻԪһ˰ɣǷܹ뾰Դ̸һЩԴ͸Ρ
УλһҪˣеĻԪռܹȥǰݾԴ͡Դֲһ䡣
ǾȥһԻԪ
ţȥԴۣһ̸̸ͬ
ڻԪ֮׷׵ͷͬ⡣

һԻԪԪ⡣
ûȥԴԪԴǵ˾
ԴۣԪ֮ڻصԵĻԪռ󣬲ñ½ȥ˽ԴԪۿžԣ˵
һԻԪԣҲӾҪػԪԴ
ţԪռĻԪ⣬ťˡǣԴ˿϶żȥҽԴҲΪԵͷ˵
ԴֻۣǲťܹǵԴ뿪˽룬һΪеԴСҡͷ
Ǻǣ뷨ҲңĲ²ҲǶԵġť˴ǻԪڴߵĶڶҵСֻǣҲ뽫ЩǡԲδۡ
ۡ
ۣԪһݣһ㡣Ц
ҡҲǸ˼æ͡
޷ģеԴѾܶˡЦԪռԴҪȥɲס֮ǵĻԪ⡣
Ļ᲻ã˵
û֤ǵĶͣȥ׷ť֤ɣȻˣ׷ťˣ¾ûٻˡťǰеŭһҲҰɣЦһ
Ҳǣȷʵû֤ݡ۵ͷ
֮󣬵һԻԪӭһȺ
ԽԴΪ׵ĸԪռԪ֮һִͬһԻԪԱ⣬Դۡ


3494 Ī
ڽԴ˵ã̬ϺܿԳ˾Աӭӵˡ
һԻԪԽԽʢˡ
˵ûԴ۵ĻԪռ䣬չٶԶԶǵĻԪռ䡣
оԴڣԪռ䣬ֻò˶ʱ䣬ܹĻԪռˡ
һˣԾ˵ſ׻
λۿˣҵԪռ䣬ԶЦ
֪λǰкιɣתʵ
ԴĿһ£̾˵飬ġ
ť뿪˽֮ǰȡǸԪı⡣ԪҪԣžԴۺԴԡ
ţԪȷʵΪҪغԪռķչԵͷ
ˣԪڵԴǸԪĸťˣȴȡЩԴԴ㣬֮ť˵ˡǴ˴ι˽һ¡ԴԾЦ˵
ԴۣʣǷť˴ӸԪȡЩԴղڴ۸Цʵ
ԴֻۣҪܹûزֱԴˡǣҲûһҪ׷ʧԵԴڤҲ˵
ڵˣ۾žԡ
ǺǡЦ
ˣλƺΪҾԣõǵıԴ۾˵
ԴǧҪᣬֻǡֻ˽һ¡Դæ
ǰԴûЩԴҲ˽⡣һԪ֮ٵĲһ䡣
Ŀһת˵λʵһļ˲ԴţǼ˲Դһõ˲Դ
֪ťϴԪռĻԪ⣬ǴЩԴ뿪˽ҼȻ֪˴£ǲ뿪Ի˵
˵
ԣҳť̸СҪǣִӸԪȡԴťˣҲҵ֮ͬˡЦ
ԴۣЩԴأղڴ̲סʵ
ȻҵС
һὫЩť׷صԴԪ˵
̫ˣ
Դۣʵǲ֪θлˡ
оԴڣťҲ˻
ڻԪ֮ĳ޾Դۡ
λҪ˵̫ˡһ˵ťˣֻͬ黹ԴԪıԴťȫ黹ˡԴԪıԴťҲ黹˴󲿷֡ԪһԪȼԪռıԴť˹黹һҡʣµļԪռıԴťȴһ㶼ûй黹
λҲˡܽ
˵Щڳˣһ鶼ܾʡ
ղڴ۵ȼԪ֮ˡ
ʲô˼
Դʲô˼
ԴۣղڻԪıԴťһ㶼û𣿡ղڴǺܲĵʵ
ˣղڻԪıԴťһöʯû黹ڤԪͻԪԪǲĻԪˡԵͷ
⡭⡭ղڴŭȼա
ǿˣǹġ
ťˣһǽеԴ黹ˣԴˡԴۣȴǲ㽫ղڻԪԴղڻԪ
ԴۣťΪʲôԪԴ黹ȴղڻԪԴղڴ۲ҷ쭡
Ȼť˹黹˻ԪıԴԺȻ˵
ǡǾԴΪʲôť˹黹ղڻԪԴղڴ۵˼Щˡ
ŭգھԴǰֲҷšɣ﷢쭣Դ۾͸ҵɱԴ۶ҪԳֻ֣þ޸۾ɱղڡ
ղڴۣǲǺͿˣѵղڴҪЩԴղڴۣʲôϵһһĨɱĿи֡
ʹۡڤ۱ҲĵҪʣߣ˻ȥ
ʾԴۣǺ壡
ղڵˣֻԴȣϣܰæ˵
Դһ̾
ҲԴ۸ղ˵ˣť˹黹˽ԴԪĴ󲿷ԴԴԴˣǱȽģ䲻ȫûرťȡԴûش󲿷֡
λԴѾˡ
ǾԴۣǿһöʯ׷Դ˵
˵ǡ
лԴ۰׷رԴ
ԴѾܶˡ۵˶Եл
ô죿ղڻԪô죿ղڴ۵۾
ҾͰĪˡղڴۣղڻԪڽܵúúù滮滮ԴķˡʵҲν޷ǾǽʡһЩսЦ


3495 ¹ϻԪ
ղڴ۵ȼԪ֮ҲǾԴ۶ǵıֶΡ
뾰Դ۽ļԪռ䣬ǻԪڶʧԴһ㶼òԪ֮ٶûһԴ
ǺԵı
ǣղڵȴΣûκΰ취ܹԼԴۡԴûΪǳͷ˼
£Ͼˡ
ɻ飿ûУԺ㽫ťҪԴǡЦŶԽԴ
ûˣлԴۡԴֵл
ղڵ˲ģҲòķչ
û˲ԴĽԴˣûûκԴղڴ۵ˣ½뿪˵һԻԪ
һԻԪָܿƽ
ȥһ˵ڶԻԪ۽һЩ顣ڶԻԪıⱻǿյģť˽ڶԻԪ۵ҲûťƴɱԱϵûʲôʧ
֮󣬾ԻصһԻԪ㿪ʼ̻ͨṺϣҪʱ;ƴС֮ϡ
޸ۣҲʵʵʵ

˽ĻԪУťҵҷɴڷС
ťҵλ棬һҷɴ֮ϡ
ڵťңֻɴˣеԴ͸˾Դۡڻġ¼ŵĻԪУûʯԴť˵ӺѹʵǿɵۻһЩЩʵСߣзɴıӣʱ䳤Ҳ˥߶
磬ȥť濴ť档
ĻԪУťҵİ֮
Сť
ԴӳһԻԪťûֹͣԾԵ
ťˣ˾Դۡ
磬Ǳ뾡ҵһΪṩĵطťǡ
磬лᱨ𣿡ťҧ
ȥ¹ϻԪĬ֮ť濪ڡ
¹ϻԪťҵˣť档
ťҵļλ棬¹ϻԪİ˽ڵߣť¹ϻԪӴˡť棬¹ϻԪŹ
磬¹ϻԪܾǰʹڷյ״̬˲ˣҲֹ롣ťü˵
¹ϻԪһޱǿʢĻԪռ䡣ťˣ˿ĻᣬǿеĽ¹ϻԪһһˮ֮У˲Ϣᱻøɸɾ
ûѡ񣡡
ңҪҪԸǸСֻ֣ܽ¹ϻԪťҧ˵
ûǸ¹ϻԪı۰ɣť˵
ȻǼǵõġť˶ͷ
¹ϻԪǲй¶ġһ¹ϻԪ֪ǾСǾãǻťĿ¶֮ɫ
ǽ鱨¹ϻԪҲһЩͰɣǣť˽¹ϻԪǲܡť˵
磬Ƕġ
ûǴ磬Ǽˣܻڣ
˵ξΣ
λť棬׷ױ̬֧ťľ
ãǾôˡǣǰ¹ϻԪťһһ˵
˽¹ϻԪ·;λңԶťҵҷɴҪããԪзʱ䡣ңΪȱ㹻Ӧť˵ִ¹ϻԪضҪʱ䡣
ʮťҵҷɴǽӽ¹ϻԪ
ʮʱ䣬ťӼѹťҵԱһ·ϣ˴롣ʵϵ͵ߣʮһΪ÷ɴܹάֻٶȺͷťÿΪɴ
ڣǵִ¹ϻԪһ·ϣҲûѺΣա
ť˽ҷɴͣھ¹ϻԪһĵطť뿪ɴһ¹ϻԪȥ
¹ϻԪȻڷյ״̬нٷգϢҲȫͨ٣¹ϻԪˣҲÿǻ᲻ͻȻֵĵ˹¹ϻԪ
ťӽ¹ϻԪһ̶ȺǰһС͵ɴ
СɴٶȺܿ죬֮䣬ťĽǰ󣬴ӷɴɫеߡ
ɫ߿ťһۣûκα仯
һˣĮ˵ǰ
仰ȻǶť˵ġť棬һ˶ʮԪĻԪۣƺ˿Է
ťףλʿťǫ˵
Ҵ˴ǰ说ˡλʿ说ʶť˵һش鱨Ҫ说


3496 
说ۣϴť¹ϻԪˡ
说۸ܹڱ۵Ϣ¹ϻԪǿĻԪɵ۽˽򣬴˱ۡ
ʶ说ˣһʿťʵ
ǣ说йӴλʿܹͨһť˵
ťףʿֵ
ǣť׵һֱ΢
ڴ˵Ⱥ򡣡Ǽʿť˵һֶһʿ˵ͷת¹ϻԪ۲վȥ
ʵ㣬ҪҶûõ说˵֮ǰ㲻ǰһʿɭť˵
ťֻЦзֺǿӲ
һʱ䣬ʿȥ
ť״ۣ说˼ǵ֡说˵鱨ǿԽ۲վʿ˵
лл说ˣлλʿťֵл

˽򣬵һԻԪ
뻯ħս֮󣬾ڻԪռڣѾʮʱ䡣
ʮʱ䣬ƳٴСЩҪԼԪռڵɵۼߡ뾰Թϵ׽ˣٶܵõһЩ
ȻҲһֱȡ˴ʯ
ķ̻ᣬ˽ڵһ̻ᡣ֮ǰ̻˸֣ڽǼºԭ̻ᱻ̻ᳬԽ⣬ԭ̻ûϣط˵һ̻λˡ
Ϊ̻ܹȡԭ̻Ϊ˵һ̻ĹǾԴۣԷٿԪϻᣬ뾰ԴɣԳΪ̻ҪԪϹɶ
ʮʱ䣬˽ڵҲûʲô¡ֵһǹڲĻԪΪĻۺڶĻԪĶǿսǰսԽԴټڻԪ֮һλԪ֮ƹܲĻԪһ֮ǾԻõʤ
ˣѾԪռ䡣ĻԪΪԻԪռ䡣
ʵҲвСĽ
뻯ħսʱ򣬾˶ʮԪ켫СԲԪۡڣ˶ʮԪ
Ǭ֮УǬǧػɱںϣȡ˾޴ĽչԸоԼɹһװɱ뵽Ǭǧػһڣôһеɾķǳֲˡ
һв죬ɵķչţҲʼǣźѰǴ֮е֮ء
ףԼȻѾǳǿΪ켫СԲԪۡǣããԪ֮УȻиǿĴڡ
ھ֮Ԫۡؿմ۵ˣǵʵǳǿھ֮ǣǾԵʵǲԪۿġ
ȻããԪУԪĻԪۣȻǿģбԪ۸ǿĴڡ
ԣһֱԼиҪػԼػģԼҪӵиǿʵҪ켫άȡ

¹ϻԪ۲վ
ťף˵ĶģһϷϴŮԻԪۣť棬ʵ
ڊ说ǰС˲˿Ļԡť湪ͷ
说ˣһǵԪıۣˡȻ˹Ԫȴй¶˳ȥ֪ΪΣǸԴУԴѾܹƳ
Ҿ¹ش¹ϻԪ说ˣť΢΢˵
ƺһġ说Ŀť档
说ˣΡСȷʵǲѾټǰ
ǸԣťҵĵˣҪťҡСûа취ֻܾټ˽򡣡ť˵
֪˵ǸˣʮԪռ䣬ǺĻԪռ䡣ڵߣʵҲһ㡣ʵǿˡ
ǸоԵˣܱټ뿪说˵֮ǰûκα仯
说ˣǾԴʵȷʵǳǿһɣѾ켫֮֮ǰֻһѰߣڶ̶̼ʮʱȴǿܴﵽ켫֮ǣҲ󣬲֪еġһɣϻиܡ
ҪȻ̶ֳȵܹô̵ʱڣһ켫֮ǿأťԴУһĨ
ڸԹڿӣ
ʱộܳΪ켫֮ôûиܣ¹ϻԪˣѵԴ˾ûȤ
Եʵߊ说ۣҲѶԷҪСһЩǰ˽ʱ򣬿ɵɳǿĻԪۣܹ⡣


3497 һάԪ
ʱԵʵ˵Խǿ¹ϻԪԾԾͻԽӡ
ţѾ֪ˡťףר¹ϻԪţҺܸˡ㣬õһЩʲô说ۿťʵ
ťһȵľһ̡
ڵťˣһȺɥ֮Ȯ֮ˡΪǣťʧȥ˼еԴƸڻԪ֮ˣťһŵߣҲֲ˶ʱˡ
说ˣҶť˽¹ϻԪť漤说
ťĻ说ȴҡҡͷ
ťף¹ϻԪڷյ״̬ˣܽ¹ϻԪ˵ߣԼҲѵõͨڽ¹ϻԪ֮ڡǲܵõġ说۶ť˵
说ˣҡťңѾ޴ȥˡģ¹ϻԪһʵ֣κε鷳ťɫ˵
ԴˣҲΪ说ҡͷ˵ҵǿһɹ۵ԴԴļ壬ڻԪѰµľ
ˣҡť滹Ҫż¹ϻԪ
说һ֣˵˵Ҫ¹ϻԪǲܵ顣ͬǽ룬Ҳʲôôˣڴ˵ȺƬ̣׼һԴ㣬͵㱨ŵĳˡ
ťвʣ޿κΡ
ڊ说ǰ¹ϻԪǰťûּۻ۵ʸ
Ŵӊ说õһԴťصťҷɴ֮ϡ说۲һСˣťԴȷʵܶ࣬⵹ǽťҵȼü֮
磬ô
¹ϻԪǽ𣿡
ťťӭѯʡ
ťҡͷ̾Ϣһ˵λ说ˣ˵¹ϻԪڷ״̬Բǽ¹ϻԪ
ťĿⶼһ
说һԴǡЩԴڻԪУҲֵܼøˡЩԴ㹻ѰҵһµĻԪռ䡣
ˣ׼뿪ɣ¹ϻԪﳤʱ䶺ť˵
磬¹ϻԪǰ˶Ը𣿡ťʵ
һģ¹ϻԪǳҪ⣬¹ϻԪȻ¡Ѿ说˵ǾԿѾ켫֮ߡťͷ˵
ֻҪŪǸС־У
ľԣť˾أС͡
ϧǲۼ¹ϻԪǿߴ
磬˵¹ϻԪǿ߻ֱ˴ԣǻὫ¹ϻԪ
ť棬׷׿ڡ
ť˶ԾԵĺ⣬ȷʵǼΪǿңһ޲ý԰Ƥ
˵Ҳ˵׼Բ¹ϻԪˣᱻֱӴɣť˵

¹ϻԪ
۲վĊ说ۣͨڵ㣬Ԫռڲ
说¹ϻԪҲһλߵĴڡ¹ϻԪһ£κ˶ܽԪռ䡣Ϊֹ룬ڻԪռһ۲վ۲վҪԣö˵۲վˣȻСߡǿ۲վܻᱻֱϢݡ
λ说ۣһλʵǳ߶˵ĻԪۡ
ťߣڊ说ǰȷʵ㲻ʲô说Ҫɱť棬൱׵顣
¹ϻԪĹ¹ϻԪȨġ
Ĺ¹ϻԪĵλ൱ڽԴԪڹڶԻԪĻ
说۴ӹ۲վĹ
ĵȥˣĹһòͨӣȥƽƽ棬˵Ҳ˹
Ӧǵҩڵıȥġ䱻˻ȴûܴ说۳˵
ǸǴ˲ٵ鷳Ĺ΢ü˵
ϵشǵýһǡ说˵
š㷽˵άԪռߣõܹƳĹ˵
ˣǸť״ϢûƬԪռȺУѾһάԪռˡť˵Ǹܹߣһά켫֮说۵
˵֣оԡ说ֲһ䡣
е˼ˣƬԪȺҲ֪һġǺǣ벻ĵطȻô͵һά켫֮ĻԪۡĹ¶һĨ΢Ц˵ƾô̵ʱ䣬޷Ϊ켫ǿߵġ


3498 Ƨ֮
ԼǡƬԪȺ¹ϻԪľ벢ңԶȻδעҲһ˽⡣
ǵȻƧ֮أʵܵһάǿߡ说۶Ĺ˵
ڊ说۵˿ڵ˽򣬾һƬƧ֮ء棬¹ϻԪĻԪռ俴û̫ļֵ
ҲͻħǸεߣ˽
ţһҩڴ说ۣع۲վȥɣĹ˵
说۹ת뿪
Ĺҩڵˣ֮
λҩڵˣȥͺܴԵ̬ӡ˽ĹʱĹȴվӭӡóĹλҩߵ̬Ⱥܿ
ҩߣȷʵҲѰˡˣҩڵλ֮һ
ҩ¹ϻԪǿ֮һڵ棬޿ĻԪһ¹ϻԪĵʦа˳ɶҩֱӻ߼ӵĹϵ
ҲΪˣĹ¹ϻԪȨˣҩϲŻô
֪ǰк£֮󣬳Ĺʵ
һ¡
ҸոյõһϢҩڵȥˡĹЦЦº͵˵
ϵɫ΢һ䣬漴üĪǡΪ
ҲȷȥģĿܣǴӱˡ
ҵõϢ˵ֵĵطǵȥƬԪȺĻԪռУһоԵߣõܹƳ
̫ҪˣҩڵĸҲ¹ϻԪĸ
¹شԵ֪º󣬱Ϲ飬µδĹ˵
Ĺ˵ЩʱλҩϵҲΡ
۵Ǽ£ҩڵܲʡֻһҩѰӣǵҲνǣۣҩڵ䲻ڵ츳ھ¹ϻԪϵ뵤ҲǲضáֻǺһЩ£ñҩģŵҩڣӳ¹ϻԪ
Ϊץ¾ͽˡû뵽ַ¡
ݳ⡣
ҩڻ̴˵
ҲعżƬԪȺǶԣûʲôв
һ㣬ȥ˱仯ǰƬԪռ仹޵ȼάԪռ䣬ѾһάԪռˡĹЦ˵
ٴü
άԪһάԪǲ̫ˡ
һάԪȻάȻԪ͵ȼԪҲƷĻԪռˡ
ϣҩڴʲôҪĹæģֻ˵Ĺ˵
бҪҩڻ˿ڵġվĹ˹֡
ͻҩڣִ¡Ĺǡ
ϡĹ

˽
һԻԪڶԻԪеԻԪԪķչѲ졣
ȻΪĵĻǵһԻԪԪռ䣬ǾԵϳھĲٿ֮£һԻԪķչٶȣޱȾˡ
ʮʱȥһԻԪǳ˵λԪۡǰһԻԪֻоԺԪĻԪۡ
ңжɵۣѿʼ׼ԪԪۡ
þΪϲáοǣѩ;ѩˣڳ̻Ԫ۵ɵ֮С
һʱԶ˺;֮Ǵ֮ͣǵϻ¶͵˽򡣵ȻصĻԪͨһֱûйĿǰΪֹԳԼ⣬ֻþ޸һܹʹ֮ڶԻԪͨĻԪͨ
һգ֮ǡ
޸ҽź򡣡
ڣԶԾ޸˵
޸һ
ΪӦź򡣵ʱǣϵԴԪߣ֪º󣬴ӦźѰԴ
Ҳ롣ھ޸˵֮ǰԲ䡣
޸۵ۿžԡ
޸ҽź֮Ҫиˣտ֮Ǻ;ԻԪεУֻտкͻԪռ䡣ԶԾ޸۽˵
źлġ
ңҲȱԴź򣬲üһʱЦһ
ľǡ޸۶ԾԹ˹֡
Գô˵ˣ˵ʲô
Ծ˵仰޸УҲȷʵΪжġ


3499 йŹ
һЩ񽻴֮󣬾Աͨλھ֮ڵĻԪͨź
ʵ˵֮λź֮⣬ƺ֮Ǿź򲢲ңԶӣʵϣʹûԪͨӾ֮ǵźҪΪʱ䡣
ǾߣӾ֮ǷǰźҲʱ䡣
֮λͨź·ϣȴΨһ·
ͨڻԪͨźһŵ㣬ܹܿܶΣպ͸šǷУôڵִź·;ϣп鷳ġ
źһǳڣǺ֮⣬ҲڸֹŹֵЩŹֵһЩ߼Σյġ
ӻԪͨڵʱź֮ڡ
ûԪͨһˣǴźڲҲźΧ
ڻԪͨڵ㸽Ѿ߿ٳһΪȶĿռ䡣ҲΪˣûԪɵҲܹʹûԪͨź򡣽ڵ㸽ûʲôĶռֻһЩԿ̵Ƶ
źĸˡԳͨڵ㣬̱ɢ鿴ܵĻ
֮УԿһƬ󣬳Ϊɫ
ɫĺˮ޾ֲ̺ܺ
ԲδߵӰĿǰڽڵ㸽Ӧûߴڵġ
ܻ鿴󣬾ȡġ
ģǽ֮صԿסź򣬾Ҳǰ֮ؿ㲻Ž֮أҲȷλá
ڵͼʾԴʱ֮ȷʵѾԶͼȴûо·ˡҪԼѰ֮ڡĶԾҵ֮ȻаģԼУܹ֪һϵķ
߶ԷɳԪͨڵ㸽ںɫĺˮϷٷС
Щˮмǿĸʴ
ЩŹ֡
оϣϻ¶һЩơüڷ֮УҲڲϵĲ̽·ɫĺˮ
Ըоºɫĺˮϻ¶һƵԡ
Ȼźĺɫˮ϶ϻ¶ʹϻ¶Դɿٵʵϻ¶ǼֵߵԴЩɫĺˮ޾޷㡣̷ĺɫˮǱ˵Ϊˣס
ھԿѰɵۣ޷ܺɫˮĸʴ֮
ҡҡͷҲûٶ롣
ڲ̽ɫˮʱ򣬳˷ˮʣһĿľҪˮڲǷܹʹõԴ
ڹһʱ֮󣬾ȷˮڲܴڿԱʹõԴԭһЩԴҲ类ɫˮĸʴ֮ƻˡ
֮ǰ޸˶˵źΣգһСľͿ䡣
ҽҲмʱˣȴûʲôΣա
ֻҪԼ뺣ˮƺͨɵۣҲܹ档ԷУüš
֮Ϸƽ˾ֻµĺˮɢܲӴˮĻҲʲôΣաô޸۵˵Σգأ
ʱһȥ
ԾԽźǹһٶ졣
ǾԣҲ΢Щˡ
Ƭ򣬷·޾Ѱ֮أǷô죬ҲδоԼӽ֮ء
ţ
һգڷеľԣ׽һ쳣
֮˵쳣˵жôŹ֡ǣɫˮɢܲͬɢ
ˣһ
һٶʱ䣬УԶǺɫˮܡͻȻ䣬֪ߵȷʵ˼Բһ¡
ˡͷһת
ѰһٵĽӽ˹ȥȻȻоϣǷǳǿ󣬵Ҳû³çѰԴͷʱ򣬾ҲСĽ䱸һԣ̳ߡ
յʱ󣬾ԿԴͷȷʵһߡ
ֻǡ
ߣʱѱһʬ壬Ưںɫĺˮ֮ϡ
Ӧøոȥãûܱͷ
ѹҸо΢
ֻǣôģԿžƯںϵʬ壬ü˼
⸽û߻ļ󡣿ռڣҲûеڶߵϢ
²ɱ
Ǳɱǿռ֮ڣӦ˵һ˵ʵǿܶ࣬ҹϢת
ԾôǱɱĿԺܵ͡


3500 δ֪
һĲ̽ʬ塣
˵ʵ䲻켫֮յԪ١Լӽħ񡢱ǸΡԵӦԪĲд沨
ţ
ǡ˿ڣԷһЩ˿ڡ
žԲδЩ˿ڣΪʬںɫˮѾʴһЩ϶ҵõƤڽһĲ̽УԿ˿ڡ
ߣʵǿҲΪ͡󣬲߶壬ֻƾļͣǵסɫˮʴ֮ġ
˫ü˿ڣһӡ֤֮ǰĲ²⡣ߣǱɱ˿ڣȻŪġԾԵľ鿴ĳ޵צץĺۼ
ռ䱦ͱҲϡԷų˵Ŀռ䱦ͱȡС
ʵϵԴȻ١ɱҲܲԴĵ
켫֮ǿߣҲȫЩԴɣ
ѵﻹޣ

ʱھԶԭƽĺͻȻ궯ϣһ޴ˮ𡣺ɫĺˮʴ֮ȻŨ
ǡԶȥȫҲ˲ת
ţԾͿһ޴ӰӺзɴܳһͷȫīĹӴɳʱϳ־޴졣
ޣʲôȻܹ棿Խ򶼴߶׽Ҳ˲С
Ȼ֪ʱԼʲôܹ²⣬ոȥߣܾܿͷɱġ
䣬ܿȫò
ﳤأԴ˶ޱȡһԴռ˴塣Դ棬һֻɫĶۡ۾·һŴ졣ĺɫۣžԿ
Կȫòʱ֪ȥϵ˿ɵˡ
·ݵƬ״ֱۣ״ȥϵ˿
ȻɱǸˡһ
ھԿԼǷҪгֵʱǹ˶
ֻſͣ;ǳĴſͣ岢δڵλſڣͣԭأһĽǴ֮Уһ֡
̼Ӱ쵽˾ԡԸоǿҪԼȥںڰ֮뾰ԵĻơֻͷǻܱȵġȣֻǴǰϺס
ԸоԽԽǿ徹ЩԿˣеһȣ򱬷ݵİԺɫӰ졣
󣬾Ի׽һźɫɱ˹ȥ
Ծһɫﲢδܡ⣬ֱڹϡһ䲻Ǿȫһ̺ܣҲޱȵǿᡣһкɫֻǽɫõһξ롣
ɫܿںסΣĿУļ
ڶ˵βͣž˹
ſڣٴγֿµҪȥһε֮ǰҪǿʢ֮У˼ǿĸʴ֮
ⶫɱ
ⶫЩף乥ֶȻƼ򵥣ȴǳЧʵһߣһַΧ֮ڣ¾ͺѰѵԿٵת
ҹٴεͺһһɫ˹ȥ
һ̺װɱǬһϯںɫϣһ˿ڡӴ󣬾ԵһƺҲδɫ̫˺Ǽԡ
Դ߶ߡ
Էɫ
ɫ׷˾һξ룬֮Ǿ׷Ͼԣ½ɫˮ֮ڡϣָƽһжûз
ź֮ڣȻĹҡͷ
ǰһЩʱ䣬̽ɫˮڲδκڿʱжϴˣɫĺˮ֮Уδ֪Ҽײпֲ
ںϼһξ룬ֹͣ
ȡոǾʬϵõĿռ䱦Ƶӡǣв鿴
ռ䱦ڣԴȷʵ١ЩѰԴԾû̫
һԽռ䱦һö˳
һ궨λ˵
ڲ֮ӡµλáм㣬һ㣬뾰ԴʱڵλñȽϽӽ


3501 ź
һ㣬ÿһλꡣ
ȻǱλ꣬һġ
ʵϣԵõģ䱾ҲǶλߡȻĳ˶λ֮⣬ǽ֮صԿס
֪λãһЩʲôԽעŵԼһ㡣
ʲôҪȥ԰
Ҳһ²⣬ֻǲܰٷְȷ
ƣԼǸλ÷жȥ
ʮ󣬾ԾѾܽ
˿ֺɫӦòࡣ
ǰźһٶ죬֮ʮ졣ֺɫֻһΡаת
ڸоԼܽӽ󣬾ԽԼķٶȽ
ܹȷǣ߾ۼءΪʱܹ֪ҵ˵ǰٵߡ
ģһӳ˾Եߡú󣬾ԿߵӰ
ھ֮ǵʱ򣬺ܶ߰޸˵źڶıܶˣźðաãһ졣
źѲ֪ڶ£֮УۼںеߣȻǲ١Ե˵
֪һЩʵǿĻԪۣǽź򵱳˼ңź֮к뿪֮ǰھ֮뾰йֺۣ֮һ
ֻȻ֪˵챦ʲôطҽźʱ䣬δʲô˾мǿʴ֮ĺɫˮֺɫ⣬ҲûĶˡҡͷ
ʱ֮󣬾Ա졣
ϵߣ治١ԴԵĸ֪һµϵ
Ϊ첢޸˽⣬ҲߵʵδðȻȥ̽顣
һ£û˻ⱻ̽顣
ʵǿߣðȻ̽飬Ʊػ鷳Σա
ڵ֮ϻķţ첢޳ǽʩ۴ǿҰɽ֡ﵹǴ޷ԪռȣҲܲߵĻġ
һξһ⡣ƺܲԾһ·ɹҲͼڻеߡ
ѵΪ˽ʡģЩɻ
Ҳ԰Ҫʡβ뿪źأҡҡͷ
Ҹһ·ߡң⼸ɫҴңǿԣҲܵĮǶ࿴ԼۣѸԶȥ
ﻹЩ졣ֻüǰС
һ˾סԿһ
ⶰܼ򵥣ȥһӡǴߵϢԿܲΪǷһĽ
ȥһµϵ΢һ£нӽȥ
ھԽӽӽһʱ洫һ
Ӱ΢΢һͣϸһĨΡ
ߣƢƺܱ갡
Ϊ˴ĻԲδת뿪ǳʵ
ûһͬʱһɵ֮ϯȥ
ԲδܣֻǴ߶˵֮ĳͨԷͷŵĵ֮жϳӽڵߣһ˶ʮʮԪСԲԪۡ
ţӽڵߣһ
ˣƺû뵽ܹ赭дĵסԼͷŵĵͷŵĵ֮ȻĹѰȻǲ͵סġ
ţһӰںӽ⣬һɫεߡԿԷʱҲǱһ¡ΪߣòŮԡɸղŴȴԵĴ
ǰû㣬ǵŮ߿žԣʵ
ʱˣȥΪö
ǵȷʵոյʵϣҽź򻹲һʱ䣬Ҳǵһνź򡣡Իش˵
ѹˡŮߵͷžʵʵǿӡ
ðɣȻҲһ˽ź򡣡ЦЦ˵
ڷ˵ˣǵѣתʵ
ʵȷ˵ľŮߣΪⶰӽֻһߵ
˵ģΪҪҵźԲźֹ㲻ҪŮߵ˵ͷ


3502 ̫ʷ
ź
ʲô
Ůߵ̬˵źӦǼΪĶ
㲻֪źŮ߽ŶԾʵ
ǲ˾ϸ΢仯ı飬Բ³ûź
ȷʵ֪ԵͷЦ˵Ѳ⣬ҽһ
ҲǲԣʲôôأŮתת˵
仰΢һ˫ü
һٽϻ¶ҸźϢţһԸǵϢǵϣкܶҪעĵطŮ߳徰ЦЦ
һٽϻ¶
ľ˵һٽϻ¶ȷʵƤëˡǣⲻ˵һٽϻ¶ࡣϻ¶ԴѰĻԪ˵Ǹ߶˵Դ
ھ֮ǣһЩСɵĴܶûһٽϻ¶
δҲ̫ʨӴ󿪿ˣһٽϻ¶ֲһöʯҡͷ˵źǵϵϢҲʲôɣǵϵתת֪Ȼ֪
֪ǵĹأͻ˷ʱ䡣ң㻹Ϊ֪Ĺأ˲õĴʱڶֻҪһЩԴܴõ꾡ϢӦþҲŶԡŮٺܿ졣
һٽϻ¶̫ˡٴҡͷ
˵ٺʡŮߵ
һϻ¶ΣЦЦ
Ǵ򷢽лأһϻ¶˼˵ڰʮҵĵߣԼȥɣŮ߹Ųžԡ
ʮʮɣҲּۻۡ
ȸϻ¶ŮһžԵӡ
Ҳûԥһ̳ʮϻ¶佻Է
Բ¶ԷڣŮߣҲ˶ʮʮԪĻԪۡڣԻڡ
Ůߣ鿴Ըϻ¶󣬿ٽ̳תĿžԡ
ҽжأԼ֣ʾԵ֡
ԡԻӦ
Եѣӭź򡣡˵
ѣ㻹ȸҹźǵϢɡҡҡͷЦ˵
㼱ʲôȻź򣬶ʱ϶Ͳ뿪˾һۡ
źǵϵһԴߣźʵ
źһɫĻ䡣ʵȫγɡ
ǵγɣγһʱ󣬻ɢԣ㷢һź󣬱Ӧ̽ռݣȻʹ
ԵѣҲˣһ̫ʷǡʱ̫ʷھһҷֵźָָĺӡ
̫ʷǣü˵̫ʷǣĪǾӣ
ûɲͨĺӡһѴǮӵ򵽵ġۼƺԼǸӵҪԡ
̲סЦһ
Цʲô۵žԡ
ûʲô˵ҡҡͷ
֪ʲô˽ǵϵ֮ͲЦˡ
ǵУҪõźͱ̫ʷǡ򣬼ȷһźҲ޷õźΪбʵǿߣȷֵź˵
˼˵̫ʷǣ˾Ͳź˶۵˼
ˣȻΪרŴӵ̫ʷʲôˣûҪ̫ʷǡ
̫ʷסź˾ͲᡣᣬǾ͵ƵˡǵϣƵˣѰ·ԣֻҪ̫ʷǣϾͲõԼֵźᣬǸźǲµˡٴΰ˾һۡ
˿̲ס˵ˣܻⰡ
Ҫ˵ǵĵˣѾǺ͵ǿˡѹһЩ˵ʱ˿ܣǵľԵĻȻ״
źЧܺ𣿡ʵ
ȻǷǳˣϻ¶ԴУٶȼֱһǧֻϧźһڵʱ䶼һźӵɢܳ¾ܲˡ¶һı顣
֪ˣΪʲôҪ¶˰ɣ˵Щ˷ʹźıʱ䡣㣬ȴֻԸʮź۾žԣ·Լ˺ܴĿһ㡣


3503 ׬
̯ЦЦ
źܶࣿʵ
ôܻܶࣿǺܶ࣬߻Ҫ۷۰׵
ڵϵ֮ǰӦǵϵ١ҵ뵺һ·ߵȴûߡһΪ߶ʹźչء˵
۾˵ǵϵߵȻ֮ܶ࣬ûΪλãǵ
Щеˡ
ȷе˵ڵĵطǵӵشǵźĵط
ǵҪƶöࡣӵشҲпܷźġΪӵشߺ٣һźܺɵռ㿴ң֮ǰҵһźָָԼ̫ʷǡ
ˡԵͷ˵
ôνǵһֱ룿ʵ
˵ҲûֻҪһֱ룬ǿԵִǵġӵشܴ󣬶ǵ·ȴֻһ㲻˴·ǿҪʱҵǵ·¶׵ıݡ
źܲܽһã֪źЧжáͻȻ˵
Ե仰۶ʱ¶䱸ɫ
Уۼ˲;ܾˡ
ѣȲҪżܾԸ⽫źһãҿԴЦ
УǲСѰԴźȣҡͷ
ѵϻ¶ҲУԵ
¶ҲУ¶ȻҲǺܺõԴǵϣõϻ¶ȴҲ̫ѵ顣źȴǿԴǵߺܶ࣬źȴ١ܶˣϼʱ䶼δصһźң㷢źҲδܵõۻҡͷλ˵һɡ
ϻ¶Сأһжһƿ
ƿڣһŴ
Խƿۡ
ʲô
ɵ
ԵѣɵҲܶࡣǵϣʲôɵ򲻵ֻҪʯ࣡۲ΪȻ˵
ô˵ʶĲ鿴һ´
һ鿴ʱͱˣϸһĨĺɫȻЩ
Ҳûʶģ˶ʮԪĻԪۣǵϴ˲֪೤ʱ䡣һ鿴֪̾˴ļֵ
ĵһͷ̽ΪС
뵽ҲʵǿĻԪۺסǸͷ
Ц˵ҵɵΣǵϣ𣿡
۲˵
ôʵ
ҧҧ˿̫ʷǣֿ˿ԡ
¾˵һ죡ֻʹҵźһ죡
ɽԵͷӦˡ
ҪʹźҪ뿴źľЧһʱ䣬㹻ˣͲҪһʱ䡣
ԴӦ۽СĵкϲνףԼռ˴ˡ
ʵǿӣӲ̫ءɵ׬ˣš
ˣ̫ʷǰɣһ̫ʷҵģҵӡһҿɻᶯֵġ˵仰ʱּһ֣Ǿ͵ҵźʱ򣬵˿ɲŹ㡣
İɣ԰ֱۡ
Խ̫ʷǣš
̫ʷǣԾͿһɫȥȽ鸡ȷʵɴɡЩڵϣγһɫӡ
û̾ȥϸĸ֪һ¡
ɫһЩϻ¶ԣֲͬȷûʲôΣպ󣬾Բڴ߶ȥ
תķͬʱ̷һŴ
˲Ϣ֮䣬Ծ͸оµźŨӿԼڡЩûʲô̫ǿΣԣҪԼա
е˼
ƴַǳߣеǱǿת
תźУԻ֣źתܹЧԼںԪٶȳּαĵ
һ󣬾ʼȫ߶ķתź
תٶȸźӿڵٶȣԱ㽫źȴԼڡ
Կ켫֮Ĵڣ΢索ź̸ɣҲ
˲ʱʱ䣬µź㻯Ϊһƺɫɢ


3504 ȲҪ
󲿷ź̺ѱԴڵ΢硣
ԺʱʱɼתⲿźϴԴںԪ򣬽Ϊ
վһ۷Լĵطźȫʧ
ʵ˵źɢ׼ȷʵź̺Ǳյˡɢһźһࡣ
ʱ򣬾ҡͷЦһ̫߳ʷǡ
û뵽Ի֮ʹ̫ʷڳԴ
Եѣôͳˣ˼󣬱ЦԾ˵
ǰĽУӦԣþԿʹźһʱ䡣ڣԲʹźʱҡڶۿȻǼΪġ
ѣ֮ǰҾѾ˵ˣֻʹźЧЦ
оΣ̧ÿ˫üʵ
оܺãźȷʵǼõĶѣûƭҡ˵
źϴԴٶίʵǺܾˡ˿źȷʵǶž޴ܹźǿûʲô˻Ը뿪ź
˵ˣ
һŵҩҽʹźʱ䣬㲻̧ľԵļ
ˣ˵ҶѾ˵ˡ
ԵѣھͿԼˣһЩʱ䣬ҵǵ·ȻҲԵһЩʱ䡣ȵźɢҲǵһˣԸߡֶԾ˵
Ҿ͵ȶһ߰ɡЦ˵
۵˵ͷֶԾЦЦλۣɲֵ̫Ůӡ
㷵̫ʷǡ

ڶ۽̫ʷǺ󣬹ԼĪʱ䣬̫ʷڱ㴫һۼĽ
δ£۱ٴδ̫ʷڴ˳
۾Ķžԡ
㡭ʲôָ֣žԣ
ҵźʲôʡ
±ӣЦһ
ѣȲҪ
ʵҸûʲôֻźһʱ䡣
Ҳû뵽źôáһ£ûˡ˵
㡭㡭쵰쵰һֻŭС񣬳徰צ
Ҳܣ⣬ҵźһ׺ݵ
ۣ뵽Բʱźźʧˡ֪źתƵռ䱦УһΪǾ˽ź
Ȼźܹ˽صռ䱦ڣҲͲһ˽̫ʷʹź
ѣǵýɫ˵
ʲôʲôҵźŪûˣܴ
ѣһһµĹ̡ҡҡͷ˵һɵȡʹźһʱ䣬ͬ˶԰ɣ
ʶ˵ͷ
ʹźڣҲʱʱ䣬Զûһ԰ɣ˵
ֵ˵ͷԴ˵û
ôУûʲôΥ֮佻׵ɣźʧˣӦҵ鷳źҪɢˡһ档
˵˵
źҷ֣ҵһʱ̫ʷǱңźʮʱ䣬ôɢһ˫ĿžԲš
ۣôˣ
һӰԶ˷ɽˣ붡ȻʶǸով˶۵Ա
ۣһ۸㣿ڽӽ󣬱㲻׵ĺһ
¡ۿ˿ԣֿ˿ˡ
ô᲻ҵأۣһ۸㣬ҲܷŹ
СӣԶʲôôĵӣţû㣬ģʱʶһİס
ȷʵǵǣתĿˣ˵
Ǻǣǵ趡۵顣ҿСӣǻĲͷˡЦһ˵Сˣǰ޴ۣ
޴ۣллĹġ뾰Դ֮飬ԼܹۿŰ޴˵ƺЩϲλ޴ۣ˵ϲ޴۾
̫ˡ£ҵ¡ȵȣȽС˵޴ĿоһӿҪԾԳ֡


3505 ޴ͷ­
λ޴۵Ϊ붡۽ӽҲ˶ʮԪСԲԪۡ
εߣھ켫ǿǰûʲôв
ԣ޴׼ʱԴŵЦ⡣
СӣʵʵĹ£޴ۿдһͺȣ֮ȥ
ۣͷųǿܡ
ڰ޴ۿֻܾһͨĻԪֺۣ⣬Ҳû̫ǿɱ⡣ˣӦǶԶǿҵĺøУǰһ
ϧҴˡ
ӰϮԲŵһȣֱĳһơ
޴ۻӳӰһ顣
޴ۿзĺ嵹˳ȥ
ھԵ֮£λ޴ۺ޵ֵ֮
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פƬ̣תٷԶȥʱٶȸ졣
ĿžԣС΢΢ſ
е𾪡
Ȼǰ֪ԵʵΪ赭дľͻĵѹǣҲû뵽Եʵǿ̶ֳȡ
ǰ޴ЩˣʵȴǲǵϣҲ֮ˣȴǱһƾķɳԶ⻹ǰ޴ȳֵ¡
Դۣжǿ
۲룬ԼҪ⳥źǲˡ
תһ̧֣̫ʷǣȻҪ뿪
ѣȥǵæ˵
ԵѣôԼǵɡ˵
ɸղŶѴӦһǵġԵ
ŪûҵźҪҴǵԵѣҪΪʵǿܱң˵䣬ͬʱ߶С
Ըȥ˵ѣҪôĻҴӦ㣬Ժлᣬһź

Ȼ˵ԽǵԸҲĬˡھ˵Ժ⳥һźʲôϣ
ж۴·δķ̫ʱ䣬Ա㿴ͨǵһ·
·һˣڵϡһˣȴϡ
۸߾ԣǵϣյһ졣ңΪ֮Ӱ죬ڵϲۿǵ
̤ϸ·֮ԼĪǰʮʱ䣬ǰʱһһԲεľ޴塣Ƕ˵ǵˡ
ǵ֮ϣ˵㷱߻ͱȽƵˣ۱ܿߵӰ
΢΢ü˵ϵߣʵƺ
ǵģȻûߡͨɵۣȥ¿ɽȽϺáһ˵
¿ɽʲôط˳ʵ
ھ֮ǵʱ򣬾Ծ֪һЩͨɵۣҲлͨԪͨź򡣿ǵȴûͨɵ۵ټĸӦһ£Ϳɷ֣Щߣ϶ԪɵۣԾԲЩơ
Եѣźһ֪ءźѵȵһź𣿡۰˾һۡ
¿ɽҲźڵһڡ¿ɽϣҲı˵һأвǿĴۣｨжֻǣЩѱڵżãЩżҵ䱦
źͨɵۣһ㶼ȥ¿ɽȻ඼һ񣬿˶ˣһЩ˵˳֡۸Խ͡
ͨɵۣǵ𣿡ʵ
ҲǲֻΣձȽϴ˵ˣͨɵǵ塣Ǽ㵽ǵΣֲź˵
ŶˡԵͷ
ڶԻʱҲϵǵһ·ϣԼ˼ӣҲ̫ʷǡȻߵõźʹź
˿˵ûźȷʵ١õһ䣬Ҫܴ
ף
ǡ
Уͣס塣Ŀ⣬ǰԶһɫϡ
էһۣԾǺɫЩ졣ϸһԱ㽫˳
ȷʵⶫ
޵ͷ­Եľ˳žԵĿ⿴ȥ˵
ޣԵ
ޣźڵһֲֿޡһںޣҪģǵһʱܡǧҪԥһ㣬ܾҲûӵˡ
źٵΣ֮һ۲һ䡣
ȷʵöԸԵͷ˵
ǰһͷޣ˱ɱһߡֻǵʱֹ֪޵֡޽֣ⶫɱûоֱӳˡ


3506 ̨
޵Ƚԣ޴Դռȫһϡ
ԿǰԶ˵ͷ­ʱܿ˳
˵ܹôҵǵҲͷйءͷɱһߣԾ͵òϵꡣ
ѵޣԵѣ㲻˵ź򻹲һʱ𣿡۲Ŀԡ
ȷʵޣǵ֮ǰԵ
ޣƺЩŵӣһˣ
һˣȷʵҲȻԿЦ˵
Ϊʲô˵޲öԸ㲻ң޽˰ɣۿԵ񣬲ŵζԽԽˡ
޽ˡΡ
ۣЦ˳
ſڣγһǿʱҲһ㣬㱻ȥԽ˵һ䡣
˵仰֮󣬶ϵЦһˡΪ˵Ĺ޵Ĺʽȷġû޷ˣ˽Ȼ֪޵Ĺʽ
Ǿǰ޵ֶ֪
ѵԴ޽ˣЩˡ
ɾԴ޽ˣôܹ˵Լʱһޡ
һЩޣҲޱǿġ
ޣźеĿֲڡ
Եѣޣʲôӵģʵ
ͷܴ󣬿ȥһԴռ˴塣ɫۣ޳ݣݵצ˵
ҼͷޣԴҪǰǸԴ΢СһЩֲһ䡣
סеԸӡ
λԴ޽֣ãʵ޶ɱ
ôܣ
ǿߣ᣿ҽ̸ôãΪһЩϢó¶Ϊң
ĴڣӦ뵺̸Ц𣿾ͺǼλϵľͷһ㡣
ѣ޵ԴΪҪڷǸطڶУԳʵ
۷ӦͣǷС
ڷУ߻ԽסԴǷеı־ۼ˵Դǵ˷ģڱնɱһͷޡ
ԭ˵ͷ
ǵϵķУһЩʲôأʡ
н׵ԴȽӣֻҪмֵĶó߽źкܶණźеģҲ챦۶Ծ˵ԵѣҪҪȥп
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˼ǰߣͷ­·뷻С
к֣ҲԵҡߣڽֱһ̯λ㽫һЩƷó̯λϣǰѯʡ
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ǵĵûдӷгȻ÷˵Ļҡ
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һЩ챦ȥ̨ۼתĿ´Щ̯λ˵
̨Բ̨֪ʲôط
ţ̨̨Ҳڷ֮ڣһЩ
ߵõ˼ֵܸߵĶֻȡԴһ㶼ǫ̃
ǵһЩʵǿĴۣһҲֱȥ̨Ʒ˵̨ʱԱࡣ
ǫ́ǵطλźǿ
Ǿȥ̨Ե
Եѣ뾵̨Ҫһõġ̨Ǳ˱ĵطھ̨ڵĽףҲܵ˱Խ뾵̨֧һá˵
ԲһЦǵĵûдӷгڿûзŹӷлȡ档
ŷо̨ȥ
ǵķУ岻С˽ʱߵ̨ڡȻҲߵٶȲйء
˾̨ߵǻһЩ̨ڣڵ¡ֻ̨һڣڳ˿أǵˣ뾵̨ȡá
Թ۲һᣬֽ뾵̨߲ࡣ֮󣬴һյʱֻ߽ɷý˵¾̨
ȥɡԶԶ˵
ߵ̨ڣ˽˷áãȻǾԳġʵϣòͣǶ˵һá
ɵĽ뾵̨ãԵǲ⣬һЩʯˡ
뾵̨󣬾Ҳ΢΢̾һ¡£Ϊ׳ۡ棬ȫ͸ģֱܹӿ溣ĺɫˮ


3507 ޱ
ͨ͸ĵ棬·ƽغɫ档
طо̨Ӧ͸йذɣҲ̫С͸棬ܳΪӰɣĵ
̨Ŀռ俴С̯ͬλ
ǱеĶһЩΪռ乻˿Եӵ
ԵѣǾ̨ｻףܵ˱ھ̨ķнף͵öСĶԷûл˼˵
Ѿ̨𣿡ʡ
ɫ΢죬ҡͷ˵ǲģҪɷá
ЦЦ˵һνź򣬵һǵң˽źڵ챦
̨ڵĺöͦģֻһ۸Ҳܸߡֵʯıʱܼ۵
ʯı
΢΢һɵ˵ʯǻԴǵʯﵽһ̶ȣֵʯıǾǼ侪˵ġ
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оҪԭ̻ʮʯ۵ʬ壬ԭ̻Ҳɶġ
˵һЩıܶʱһ̶ļ۸񣬵˵ֱϻһ۸ģƹƷĶ
ܿ죬ԵĿͱһ̯λϵĶ˹ȥ
̯λ߹ȥҲ
⡭ѵ޵⣿Կ̯λϰڷŵĺɫ飬ü˵
⣬ǺöܹġҲ⣬˵ʱ촽
⣬öԲ졣
ţⲻˣܿٻָߵָܻһ⻹ɵ̺Ԫ򡣡ۻ˵
Щˡ
ΪǲܳԵģϾڳⸯʴ֮ĺɫˮ֮Сޱмǿĸʴ֮û뵽ⶫܳԡܳԣо޴ĺô
þԾò˼ǣ⾹̺Ԫ۵˼ڵԪ򲻻֮ɢ
ⶫֵΣԵ
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Щˡ
֪޵ļֵ֮ߣʱԼͲӦô쳷룬Ӧ취ɱͷޡ
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ģֵǵϵߣʵȽģҲʱһ⸨ۿžԡ
һ⣬ʮҰɣ͵һǧϻ¶Ե
һôడһ㣬һһ۵
Կ򶡛ۣоˡۣƺߥһЩ⡣
Կţɫ΢΢һԵѣҺܾûԹˡ
ʲôָָ̯λһĶ
ȥҲ࣬ͨɫͬɫһЩ
̯˾һۣ޵ıⶫɲʲô˶ܳԵġȻֻޱʮ֮һҲĿǰڽ׵ȫˡ
ԿǳĶ̯˵ޱǸʲô
ǲܹģôʲô
ʱԱһԵÿ̱
תĿȥһòŮߡŮߣһֱĵԼ
ü֪ΪԼ
һ̣Ծ׹ˡ֣ԼߵĶۼŮ˺Ѳһ㺮˪
ˣŮʶ˫֮⡣
ż²ʶһСŮ򶡛ۣʵ
С
üͷѾ˵˭Сأ
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ѵһ˵ˣСúܣϵİɣаŮߣüɨ˾һ۵ϧһпõĶ
ʲô
Щŭˡ
ɵվʲôû۾ãֶԾԺǳһ䡣
⣬ˡ۽Ŷָ̯ǿ⡣
̯Цۣ⣬ʮʮˣһǧٽϻ¶ɡ
̯Сĵǿ⣬˫ֵݸۡ


3508 ʥ
һǧٽϻ¶֣ȴƤӶûһ¡
һӣȡһöռ䱦ﶪ̯
¶Բԡ̯˵
̯æռ䱦Ц˵ǵ֮ϣ˭԰۲Σ
̯仰ƺðΪˡù⣬ֿһ۶ۡ
ǽһһֱǵǰ֡ѣҡܰæģҶ᲻㡣ô˵㶼һǹͷСʮ⣬ͬʱԶ۵
ҧź촽
վڶߵľԣܸоеŭ⡣
λѣʲôᡣȣҲʲôСΣһڶǰ԰ڣԵúܿЦЦ˵
۾һĿɨӾԣ֮˼⡣
Դۣ߰ɡ˵
ó۲۹Ҳû뵽ôھ̨ۡ
ôʲô뾵̨ҪɷõġһҲף϶ҪǡѵΪңż뿪𣿡۶Զ˵һ߸ϵӡ
۲ֻۣĿ⿴žԡ
ۡʱһߴԶһЩĵط߹ϴЦݣ԰۽һ
ۣ֮ǰĹصõһöʥ飬֪ûȤһص̬
ʵ仰ԡԶ߶
ע⵽˵ʥʱڳкܶɫȻһ䡣Ȼʥ鲻Ѱ֮
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ǲʥ飬ǧȷٸʮӣҲƭۡظ
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ţʥȻǺöһЩ⣬Ҫϻ¶ԴȤԸ⽫ʥתø㡣ߵͷ˵
¶ۺܸɴࡣ
ʮϻ¶һ
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ʮϻ¶Щˡʥ龿ʲô˾һھʮϻ¶
˽뻯ħսʱ򣬾ԴӱУҲóʮϻ¶ѡ
ʮϻ¶ǻʯܴﵽʮʯ֮ޡңϻ¶ʯ򵥣ʯϻ¶ȴǱȽ鷳
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ǾҺ޴𣿡϶ʱһߣȵ
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֮ǰ̨ҲֹһŲʥ飬۸Ҳϻ¶ˡ
һ鷳
һЩߣۡ
ѣʥʲôԵʶۡ
ʥ飬źڳһĹأпܷ֡ߺ谭뺣ˮ֮Уܺˮʴ֮Ӱ졣ңҲкܴİֻ֪ʥ飬δùԵΣҲ˵áۻشԵ
Եѣһʥǵϣ۸Ҳϻ¶ϻ¶ɡ۲һ䡣
֮⣬Ҳ߽ʥʮϻ¶Щ֡
Ǻܺõ챦ˡԵͷ
벻Ҫŭ߸ܵ˰۵ŭ⣬˽˵ҵŲʥ飬Ʒ༫ߣҲҪʮϻ¶ƷһĲʥ飬ôܸҪʮϻ¶أ
ߣƷϸߣҲֵʮϻ¶۵
ȿŲʥ顣һϷһźɫӱճ֡
ɫӵı棬еת̿
ȡʥ֮ڳߣȫĿŲʥ顣
һЩʿˮ
ϣ
⡭Ʒ࡭
ϴھֵ̨Ĳʥ飬ֻϡ
ѹһҪʮϻ¶ȻϵĲʥ顣ƷĲʥ飬ǵֹ𣿡
쵰Ҳ̫˰ɣĹصõʥҲˣȻõϲʥ飡ɶôûĽҧ


3509 ľ
ʥĵϹâƷࡢƷֱء
ϲԽĲʥ飬ֵԽߡ
ϲʥ飬ȷʵǼ亱ƷˡǵϳֹĲʥ飬϶٣඼һϡϵĲʥ顣
ѹ֣˸Ҫʮϻ¶
ϲ٣ϵܴ𣿡ֵߵĶۡ
˵ģ룬ϲʥ飬ӦҲֵʮϻ¶ɡ΢ŶԾ˵
ԵѣѵҪŲʥ飿۾ɵžԡ
ʮϻ¶
һ룬ˣǵϣҲûܹһóʮϻ¶ɣ
ţȿЦЦ˵
ۼԷóϲʥ飬ϵı˪֮ɢˣһЩȡ
Ųʥ顣
ǣûôϻ¶ϵϻ¶ʮ֮ޣԶ
Ųʥ飬ֵȷʵһĲʥ߳ܶࡣֵ٣ҲȷȥΣ۶ߵ
Ҫۣ߲¶ԥ֮ɫ
ۣǵϵľͷ֮һ뵺˶̸ЦĴڡۣܹóʮϻ¶ġֻǣĿֱֲӴ򽻵Щûס
ЩֱӽףΪĽȫܿơ
ۿֱܲĲʥ飬Ҫͼ۸أ
λѡ
ʱ򣬾ǰЦźһ
Ҫ۲ʥ߿ԡۣҲԡܵߣĿۼԵϡ
İףǵȻûʲôڸеġǰ۵ĳ֣ǸʲôȥעԡȻҲȫûУһЩע۵ߣҲע⵽ڶߵİߡ
𣿡ʾԡ
ţĲʥ飬۸ܷ񽵵һЩЦʵ
һЦ
Сղѵû𣿡
ʮϻ¶ʮϻ¶𣿴ʲô֣ڿ˵
ɨ˰һۣЦʲôϵ
ҪŲʥ𣿡ֵ
ҡŭɫ
Ҿ㣬Ҫǲ򣬾ʵʵı죡ֱӴϰ۵Ļ
΢΢һ㶣ƺЩšǵϣȻ˸ô˵Դ۵ĵ֮ǵ˭˵ǿͿģǰЩɫҸ
ڣȻһ˸ˣǵڶߵˣ
۲ʥߣӡ˿ֿۣ˿ԣԼǣȥӡԲԸǵˣΪŭ˰ۣ͵ڵǵͷۡ
㡭ô˵һӦָžԡ
ôңҸô˵ҳǵǰҲʶûɣ㣬ȴҡѵ㻹Ҫڴ򲻻֣Ϊ˭Ц
㡭㡭۱ҲˣΪܳʱûбˣһЩ֪ˣɫǺ졣
ʲô㣿ұ죡ٴδϰҪ˵Ļ
λѣŲʥļ۸ܷ񽵵һЩٴοߣЦ⡣
ʱ˿̣ڳߣԵЩ졣
еǾ壬еһɵӵ
˾þй۶¡Ҳ˾þԼܻܲ춼˵
۵Ȱһ¾ԣֻ鷢̫죬ûüȰ˵Ȼúܳ죬뿴˵ۣ뿴Ա
۸񡭡̸߲򵥷۲ʥ顣
˵ʱžԣЩɾԵĲϾ۸񽵵һЩҲǴϻ¶ǵߣõóôϻ¶
ϻ¶Σ۾΢УЦ
ʲô۾һɣϳŭɫ
ţתҪߡ
æסԷ˵۸̸ôŸ̸Ҫˣ
۸ǿ̸Ҳô̸ɣǲ֪ʥļֵϲʥ飬ϻ¶Ҳ򵽡û⣬˫ͶҪ˷ʱ䡣߷˷Ƥ˵Ƕס塣
еţ˵÷ǳеصͷתĿ򶡛۵ۣ˵ϲʥ飬ֵϻ¶


3510 Ϣ
ɫ΢΢һҲԾҪŲʥ黹ֻһۡ
˵Դۣûϲʥ飬ԲֵΡӶϲʥϲʥļ۸㣬ϲʥļֵܴﵽﵽϻ¶
˵ֺڳһЩ߰ͷǹļ۸Ҳ߰ϻ¶ӡ
һЦȻ˼䣬ŭûм뿪ҪԺͰôճ
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ţˡȶԶ۵˵ͷ
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Ը⣬ھͿԽסѲԸ⣬ǾˡЦЦ
һֱžԣһʱûпڡ
ϻ¶۸Ƚ⡣ʮϻ¶ֻҪ۶ѣûʮϻ¶ɽ
ʱ룬ǲóϻ¶Ĳʥ顣óôϻ¶ԼǲӦҪһߵ֡
Щ뷨û̳Ӧԡ
û˵۵ǿˡ
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㿴һĹҵҵ˽⣬һλ켫ǿʹùıƷ಻̫ãֻҪҵʵĲϣܽ¶죬ָɡ
Ե⣬ԸתôֻҪϻ¶ȡһƵĶ̸ԾԽܡ
Կ˿̸ֿ˿ߡ
Ȼ󣬾Կкȳһ֣
̸۷ʱȷʵǿڲ϶ʴòˣʣֵѺС
ôأͲõ𣿡ֹ˼䣬һ㲻ʶı飬˳ȥ
ۣΣϲʥ飬ǷȤ򣬰ϻ¶ҿתø㡣ԿһԵİʵ
ɫǺ죬Ŀ¶ݶ֮ɫ׶Ķ˾һۡ
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ԵѣޱûȤ֮ǰǸ̯յǰЦʵ
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ԺͶھ̨תһȦһЩȤƷ֮뿪̨
ԻѰϻ¶ֻھ̨һϲʥϢǵϴ


3511 ΪΪ
ǵСϾźеһ죬һԪռȡ
Ϣúܿ죬ԺͶ뿪̨ʱƺǵ֪˾ԣ֪ǵһλ主еˡ
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ǵϵߣ˵ʵǿԪĻԪۡ񶡛˶ʮԪĻԪۣʵҲǵ֮еġ
ռʮԪ򣬲ڻԪռ䣬ź򣬶׵顣
ʶ޴ۣûԷΪڶǰ֣úõʰһ١ϣ޴۾ǶԼȽţΪǵ߲жǿ
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ǵطǻ򲢴ġõӵģȻǱȽϰȫûõӵģİȫֻԼʵˡ
˵㷢һźû̫ʷֶôסź͵㹻ǿʵضᱻᡣ
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ѣǵϣס׼뿪Уоʶۡ
ЩȻ˵ЩߣҲҪ̶ľΪΪﶼԡ
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ǰۣαΪءҡͷЦЦ


3512 ֺǾͷ
ǵϵ䲻٣󲿷ֶ붡һû޽ԼľԾһƬռ佨췿ס
ûʱ䣬ԾҵһƬλòĿյء
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ѣԺԾסⶰլԺСԶԶ˵
лԵѡЦл
һ̶ľܱһֱס̫ʷǿܶࡣ

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ˣĪʲôĵط𣿡ֺۿƾʵ
ǵϳˣҲǺ顣ûʲô֮ƽ۲ˡ


3513 뾰Դ
̫ʷֺȲεǿ˵Ѱߣǲȥער
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3514 Դ
켫ǿ֮һʵ켫
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3515 ɱӺ
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3516 ƨ
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ѾףλԴȻոǵȴһ޷ǵĿ´ڡǿǰǲʵʵģȻӶԷԴ
ǣҽԴ𣿡ԿżˣЦʵ
⼸˲˵ֻҡͷǵ壬ԿƵĴ򺮲
ȻˣǻҲýȺȫɱ⡣
ҪЧѾˡ
ھ˵仰ξµԱʱɴ⣬ƨٶʧھǰ
һ֣ξԴ˳߶ξ۵ʬ廯Ϊ촷ۡ
Զ˵ڶߣԱ֮͡УҲвˣξ֮թһڣʮӣҲԲվƾˡ
ĿӹЦЦ
ѣԺӦòкܶС鷳ˡԶԶ˵
ڷ֮е˵ͷĿžԡ
ʵھһķ˰޴ʱ۾ʶԵʵǿ֪ԵʵԶԼεĻԪ֮ϡ
ξ۵ʱ򣬶ͬΪξӦòǾԵĶ֡
ΣҲû뵽ξʮԪĻԪۣǱһնɱ˵ξۿû׼Ҳ֤Դ۵ʵξ۲һ㡣
̫ǿˡ˼ӿ
ǰǾԵѣ
ʱһ
ţۡƽ۵˾Եǰ
ƽ۸ոմӵۡδһնɱξ۵龰ǸӦ˴˵򲨶Ҳδ⡣Ϊǵϣ˽Ǿ顣
ô£Ϊξۼôˣƽۿ˿δüɢȥڶߡ
ǾԣǣĿŶԷת
ΪƽҲԼԴġ
ԵѣλǵƽۡæԾԽܵľڲ֪Էݵ˵ʲôĻ
ǵƽԵѣǼˡƽЦ˵
ԭƽѡԷ˹֡
Եѣô£ƽۿ˿Χˡ
ûʲô£Ƿ﷢һС£ЩѶֵġ赭д˵
ƽЦЦҲû׷ʣԼѲ³˾˵Сʲô
֪ƽңʲô·Ըʡ
ԵˣֻǷǰ뾰Եǰˣ뾰ԵѼһ档ƽ˵
Ŷ΢һ١
Ǵһᣬһǵϵĵȴû뵽ǵĵôͲԼȥ
Կ˿ƽۣҲûʵԼȥʲô¡
ãƽһͬȥԵͷ˵
áƽЦ
ƽ۱žԣһͬص
뾰Դ۹ȥ
һɲȥˣεȵݣ
ǰ̫ʷǻ̫ʷ壬ȥ˵Ҳ޷ֱӼˡ
˵뾰Դȥʲôԭ򣿡
ƽ۵̬ȣӦǺ°ɣƽ۶ԾԴۣܿ

ƽۺ;Դ뿪ܵٴη
Դ۵ʵ֮ǿξۣһնɱ
ֲʵѹôǿƣ۵Ӷ
ǻɢ˰ɣܾԴǷۣԴۣҵܹǵġ
ߣɢȥԵǵ֮ԽԽ
˾
½ɢȥʱһӰ١һǺʵ
Ŀһ㶼ɫ䣬ٵͷ
ˣȻǵͷ֮һۡ
òۣӹȺ·ѰҾԵӰԼĸۡ΢֪˾½լԺڣλ÷˹
ۿվĶۣĿЩӵĽһ


3517 
һ˫Ÿոյۣߵ˵ͷ
۳ĬƬ̡
һ񴩹ۣ򶡛լԺ
լԺѹµŭ
ס۳ʵ
룬ҡҡͷ
˵ǾԴ۵ľҵġ
۸ողһ⣬סھԵլԺ֮У˾ٿܻԴ鷳ȻûгΪ£˵ĹϵϾЩġ
˽ۡ
סھԵլԺڣ㲻һ䣬ۿҲǨŭԴۡ
ǰûж룬ʱҾԣͻȻ⡣
ۼҡͷʱЩԥеŭٴγȼŭû򶡛ۣ˾ԡԶʲôŹԡ
Ǹ˾أ۳ʵ
Դȥˡ۵

ǺǣԭΪЩڿҸ߿ˡߣΪȥѰӣҾͻŹΣۿһЦ͸ɭȻɱ⡣
˵仰ֿ˿ۡת뿪ȥ
۹ȻҾԴˡ
˵Դ۵˰ۣ۱ضġ
ԴΣڽˡ۵ӣ϶Ǽķŭɣ㵺ΪԴ˵Ҳ׷ŹԴۡ
۲ڵھֱɱԴ۰ɣ
һҪɱԴۣ˿϶Ϊ˾Դ۶ۡ
̶ֳȵֿɲĺܺ澰Դܷ߳
ȥţò˶þͻн
ҴģԴ޷ų
ǵϣЩƺȽС
۵˫ĿУҲǡԥһ£Ҳλȥ

ƽۣžԽ뵺ֱ̫ʷֺڵĵط
ˡֺۣԴѾˡƽ۶̫ʷֺ˵
̫ʷֺĿⶼԡ
Խ䣬ĿȻҲ̫ʷֺۿȥֺ۵ʱɫҲ˱䡣ԵȻֺۣΪ켫ھ֮ǵǿԪۡ
ԵѣòˡֺЦһȿڶԾ˵
ֺһڣ̫ʷƽȻˣԣ֮ǰֺᵽʶǸԴۣԪ潻ֵǿߡ
ֺۡԶֺ۹˹֣Ҳ¶Цݡ
ԵѱеĻҪᡣ̫ʷһЦ˵
ֶ̫ʷ˹֡
ԵѲؿ̫ʷ뾰
ʱҲһЩ⡣ֺۣԵȻֺ֪۳ź򣬵û뵽ôɵǵֺۡ
Եѣû뵽ǵٴ㡣ֺ۶Ծ˵
Ҳû뵽ֺۡԵͷ˵
Եְɣ̫ʷЦ˵
֪Լǵϵľԣֺۿ˵ľԣ̫ʷкϲáΪһԼǵϣֶһ켫֮ǿߡ
ǵϣ켫֮ǿߣԳƵϾͷǵʱ೤ֻҪ㹻ʵǾͿɳΪͷȻˣǵϴʱ̫̣ǾͷͷĳƺҲͲҪ
ԪҲǵԪ۴ʱ̣ܶҲûǵϳסĴ㣬ͲԼǷʲôͷ
ҹʲô𣿡º󲻾ãԾ̫ʷʵ
Ҳûʲô飬˵Եҵǵ̲סһԵѣҲһҶԾԵѵĻӭ֮顣̫ʷЦ˵ԵǵϣʲôҪҰæģֱ˵
лҪҿ϶ڡԵл
ֺƺǵϺܳʱˣԿֺʵ
ȷʵˣҽź֮󣬻ϾǵΪˡʵҵǾ뿪ǵ
ǺǣǵϵźܲɱϾٰ̫׷֮·ռҪѰµĻԵԣҸʱȥĹصһЩطֺЦŶԾ˵
ҿԵѾд˵ˡ˵ʵԵѵˣĽֺžԡ
ֺ֪ЩҪָľö켫һΣü켫ǿ߻ֺ۶˾֮ǣ켫ȴͨСԲԪ۵õˣҾԻʹһٵ켫֮


3518 
ھ֮켫ļǿ֮УԪȻΪŭһ켫ֻ֮ңֺۣӦǸдһΪû켫֮С
ֺ۵ʵԪۡؿմ۵ȷʵ켫֮ĻԪۡ۾ԣѵ켫ҲѹֺĽ
ֺ۵˵ͣԵȷʵԺԲơ
ֺ˵ֻЦЦ
ԵѵǵгסĴ𣿡̫ʷʾԡ
ʱڣӦ뿪ǵԵͷ˵
һ£Լ˵ʵźҪһ֮ء
̫ʷֺ۲һۡ
̫ʷֿ˵ԵҲ˵ʥʮ̷ǰ䣿
ʥʮ̷ʲô¶Ȼ֮ɫ
һ˵֡
̫ʷֺۣڳƽۣžԡ
ʥʮ̷֪
㻹˵ҪѰ֮أ
Եѣ㲻֪ʥʮ̷̫ʷЩš
ȷʵ֪ǿԣ˵˵ɣʥʮ̷ѵ֮ʲô̧üʵ
ڵļˣεЦЦ
ȻҲþǹװɵһԵı仯ǶȫûбҪװ֪ʥʮ̷
ʥʮ̷һַλĹ֮ڡѰʱ䣬޷ʥʮ̷ģҲҲڡ֮أǸˡҪҵ֮أǰǽʥʮ̷
ǰĹйһ䣬ǺܶΪʥʮ̷ֵסɴǴ֮ʥʮ̷ûг̫֡ʷԽ͡
Ѿʼɣǰܲʥʮ̷ģֻ仯ֺ۸˵һ䡣
ˣԭҵ֮˵ѡһΪź򣬾ͺҵ֮ءԻȻ˵
ôף
֮ؽҪҲ
źڵǵעĹص仯һʥʮ̷ĳ֣ʱȻдǿǰĹء
ڵļˣֱ˵
Եѣʥʮ̷ĳ֣ҵһͬǰĹذɣ֣һЩ̫ʷž˵ҲҪ£Եԭ
õģǾͰеֺˡԹ˹ֵ
˾Ժڣ
ʱ洫һŭ
ţ۱ⴳ˽һļ»ۺ档Ȼ»ûס۴
۽뷿䣬Ŀһɨ˾Եϡ
˾ԣ֮ǰûԣڳļˣֻоʶ
ңԵϢᡣ
ѣʲô̫ʷۣüʵ
˾Ѱıˣŭ˵Ҳܣҷɱ˲ɣ
ѣ侲һ¡ֺҲü
ֺ֣ôҲӴˣֺֿۡ
ѣ֮ǰо̨飬Ѿ˵ˣһС°ˣα˶ŭ̫ʷεҡҡͷ
С£ɲС£һ֡
ѣ侲侲̫ʷɫһЩ
û취侲ǼֱӴˣҾ뿪ǵ˿ûõ˼뿪ǵв̫ʷ
Ȼûеõͷ֮ǰҲðȻɱԡ
ԵۿԼţԲӵɱ̫ʷӵߣǲԣҪõ̫ʷĵͷ
ǵϣֻһλ
̫ʷֺۡ۵ȾͷЩͷͬҲ̫ʷ
ۣˡֺ۾˵
ʲôۿֺۡ
ԵѴѰӣҲѰҵıӡʵϣԵѸҪӡֺۻ˵
̫ʷǵ˵ͷ
ʲô˼Щˡ
Ϊֺ۳ƾΪѡƺƽǲͬε˶Բͬĳƺǲͬġ
һʵǿߣһǲһʵԼܶ߳Ƶѵġ˳ƺǻҲֻǿ׻ȻʱǿûбҪ߿׵ġ
ǺǡֺЦЦ˵ѣʵ˵ɱ˾Եѡ
һзһЦ
ɱ˲˾ԣ
۸˵ʲôֺ۱ּ˵˵˶£Ҳɱ˾Եѡ
һΣ۲ɭȻЦֺںֺ˵軰


3519 
۹Ц˼ĵٴοԡ
ʱ϶̫ʷֺ۶ıӾԣҲ֪˾ԵΪ˸Ĵۡ
Ѿ˵ˡ
ֱӾԣ뿪ǵ۵Ըƫ
̫ʷ̾һ
̫ʷ˵ԵѣǷԸѼ򵥵дһ£Ȼ㲻Ը⣬Ҳû⣬ܻ侲ġ
𣬻˵۽⡣
û۽ֹǵһμֺ֪ۡ۵Ĵʵ۵ʵֺ۸ǿ
Ծã۵ľ磬Ҳһά켫֮յԪ̫ࡣ
۵ʵԪȣҲֵܹסʮǰھ֮ʱʵǿ˲١
̫ʷ΢΢һ
ʵϣ̫ʷҲȷԵʵʲôΡǻֺֻۣЩûۼ£ܻò̤ʵ
۽֣֪Եʵˮƽ
۱ˣ¶ɫû뵽ԾͬԼ֡ӦüľܾԼֲŶԡ
Ҳû¶룬ͷ
˵һҪɱԣ̫ʷֺ۵̬ȺҪǸࡣ
Σý˺ݺݵĽѵһ٣Ȼ붡ԶԶġת
ȻԵףǾͼˡ
λҲõȥԺɡԵѣ򵥵дһ¡̫ʷЦ˵
áֺЦŵͷ
ڵļˣԺС
Զ
λԿʼˡ̫ʷֺվ΢Զһĵط
ƽۣ뵺һ
ڣһЩ»ע⵽ߵĿ˹ив²⡣
׼𣿡Ŀžԡ
ЦЦ׽Сһȡ̨
Ҳ˵ֱ壬߳ӿ̨
硣һ磬Ȼ٣ۡ
ͬʱת֮£׽ն
ǬһۣʩչںɱǬһ
ʵڵľԣѾǿʩչںɱǬǧػˣֻЩȶȲüԾûǲҪǿʹǬǧػΪá
һʱ䣬լԺڱǿֲӿ
縲ǵۣĿгֶݵãȻǣϾ켫֮ǿߣľ𶯣ܿ㵲ס˸ĳȻܵӰ죬ֳһľĳ
δȵƽ㿴һϮɱ
˲Ϣ֮䣬жϳһ̺Ĺ
дݼ࣬ٴСĴ߶򣬵ֵԵǬһ
飡˵໥ײҵķӦ
̫ʷֺˣҲͷ򣬽˳ɢĲסЩһΧڡ򣬵̼ҪΪƽء

֮⡣
ǿܲ
۳ˣһǣ
˹ȻûܱסԴۡ˵ˣҪɱԴۣǵԴۡ
Ѿ֣ǾԴѾ˰ɣ
ƽˣ֮ҲƽӦýˡ
۳֣һɱ顣ǣԴҲ켫ǿߡЦһ
û˾þԴۻ켫֮ǿߡ
ɫף
Ⱥ֮⡣뵺ļ»档Ȼʲô˶ġ
ãȵ˶ǣġ۵д˵⡣
۳ۡҾˣҲֻڸۡڵϢҲˡȥ˵Ҳȥ˵ȻҲ͹ˡ
԰۵µݣǿԽ뵺ġǣΪ˶ڵ⣬û뵺뿴ģǴʱ۵ıƺԴлһС
۳Ĭǰۡ
Ц΢һЩʹ졣Ϊµĳ֣붡˽Ӵ
ľԣôˣıˡһԡ
ΪѾɱˣǾò

լԺ֮ڡ
۵дѾˣ˶ֻһС
ɱʵһҲ㹻ˡ
ͨһУ֪˾ԵʵȻЩţ޷ܵʵֺ˵ûɱ˾ԡ


3520 ǵ¾ͷ
ۿԵܸӣ
ô
Ϊʲô֮ǿ
У۾һִܸСɱɱɱɱˣȫ¡
ŵĽ֣ۣǴһ·硣Ҳ˵ɱ˵ǻܾˣάֲܵľ㲻ˡ
̫ʷЦһ
νʶͨμ򵥵д裬Ե֮䣬˴Ӧöи˽ˡ
λѣǵΪɫĻԪۣǵ֧̫ʷЦ˵
Ҳˣ̫ʷҪӾԣ̫ʷϣܹǵԸЩƫҲǼΪˣ֪һ켫֮ǿߣһǵζʲô
Ժн¿ٹһ飬ȻãԼ뾰Դ֮ìȷʵ㲻ʲô㾰Դ붡һΣֲ۵ĵ
û㹻ʵԸˣ϶ǲ뿴붡Ϊ¡ɾչֳ㹻ʵǿӦء
ھڷо̨ûиӣ㲻ʲôԴ۲δ԰궯֡
뷨һת䣬жʱ̹˺ܶࡣ
Դ۵ʵ˾ò˼顣˵ԾԵĳƺҲ˾Ա˾Դۡ
۹ˡ΢΢һЦ
Դ۵깥ǳֲһδܹ깥ֵزߡ˵һ䡣
ڻԪ깥ȾǿĻԪۿ϶УԲܶࡣĴڣȷʵҲ˼ǲʩչ깥Ҳ޷֪˼ҵ깥ܿ¡
㲻ʲôϹĥġԼЦ˵
Ե̫ǫˡֵصӣǵ֮ϣֶһλͷ̫ۡʷЦ˵
˵һ㶼ûֵףֺһ˳˵
磬ǵλͷҲΪԵѽӷ硣̫ʷ˵
չֳʵ̫ʷӾԪۡ
ԶԶԣӦˡǣһΪԵϴֺ˵
Ҳ˵ͷ
΢ԥ̫ʷİš뵽ǵϵĸ߲ȦӣǶǰǶԺȻǺ¡
̫ʷ˵ЩϢҪ֮أһ˵޷ʵ֡ύһЩˣҲͶһ·
ѣ㽫ҲйΣۣƺԾԵѻһЩ⡣̫ʷ˵
۳һ£˵ţӦõġΪҵԭ򣬰ʱȷʵһЩҲҿԵûһʶ
ԾʵĻԪۣǰƣǾԴֱӳɱ˰궼
룬Դ۵ƢȷʵȽϺõˡ
ʵһЩС£ֵһᣬҲûϡ԰ڰ˵
Уʶ󡣲ȻԺԴʵߣܿܳԴϾÿ˶оԴؽġɫ˵
۷֣ԼԾ˵ЩдζĻԽԽ˳ˡЩ˵ƺҲûʲôѵĵط
˵ЩˡæЦ˵
˵û뾰Ե㣬ǲʶһЩһҪྴԵѼ˵ԾԵĳƺֱˣӾԴ۱˾Եѡ
ãǽվͷſ˺úʹ顣Ե
Եѣ㽫Ҳй硣Увٺöյ磬ЩöóɲСתת˵
˵ĵеĺöָǾˮ͹ʵЩԶ۵о޴
˵̫ʷɫһ۵ĵѣɶˡ
̫ʷЦŶԾ˵ԵѣһҪҲ
εЦЦ붡۸ʶϵȷʵⰡ̫ʷˣȴƺöܳΪԵĵһ㡣
룬ҲûͣͷӦ
ǾãԼۺòҵһźŪûˣȷʵҲӦòһЩ
ھȥҶۡ˵
Եѣһȥ˵
һͬۡȥ
⣬ڶǵϵߣۼΪԴѾɱˣϢδȷǲԸ̾뿪ڵϢһĴ
ڶߣ̸š
ʱ򣬵Ŵ򿪣߳ˡˣ϶źЦݣеĽš


3521 ֱ
Ӱӵ߳󣬾ۼڵ֮ߣȫˡ
ո߳ˣۺ;Դۣ
ΪʲôУʡ
Դû
۲δڵնɱԴۣ
Ƿţ˼ǿһѵ۶ԾԴ۳ģ
ðɣûɱԴۣһʲôΪʲô뾰Դ˵ЦĹͬ߳˵ϵЦݣҶ
ȥֱҪֵӡ
޷еԭ
ѵԴԴȡ۵½⣿ǵߵ˵
ˣǵöԴʮϻ¶϶ԶԶҡͷ˵
˭ܸңʲô飿תĿߵˣҸ˸Լͽ͡
߳󣬼˶ǵ߾ۼɫ΢΢һ䡣
ڴ˴۵һȡ
ȫһһɺ⡣
硭
۴ӷ֮˹æǰ۽һ
꣬ôҲۿʵ
ҡ¶һı顣
磬ôһˣʵ
ʵǣΪʲôԻû˾ԣӦѾԼնɱΪʲôΪʲôԻܻĳԼǰ
ɫһڣı֣Եѵ֣еģоԴۣ
仰ˡ
ѣˣЩƺϵ⣬ʵȫ⡣԰ڰЦ˵
Դۡһϲ˹
ΪҲڣЩ߹ģԻţʵ̫ˡ
ּۣ˰Ц
ʵ붡۷ֿǰʱҲһʱ
ۿ˿ۣϻǳһĨΡ
磬׷ʲô飿̲סˡ
ʲôҲûз
֮꣬ǰڷо̨뾰Ե֮䷢һЩᡣԵؽ㣬ƽϡ㻹ҪԵѵǸ۶԰˵
ʲôɫһס
ԵǸʲô˼ƾʲô
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ǸǺǣǾҲǾͷߣܵǸ
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ᣬüе׻ǱȽ۵ġ
û£ǸͲˡˣҪġְЦЦ˵
ۿ˿ԣҲ׵׷ʲô顣Ϊʲô֮ǰŭ̶ۣʱȥ󣬾ͺǱһƵġۣȻҪԵǸ
ߣӵ޷⡣
Դ۵׸۶Դ
˵ĿðǸҲ̫˰ɣ
ţ
޷۵ƢҲΪһЩԴ˰

ܵǵߣһ齩ӲĿųС
Եѣ֮ǰѾ˵ˣȷʵЩݡҺ㣬켫ǿߣǺ˼Ƕ԰֣Ԯۿ˵
ʲô
켫ǿߣ
Դ켫ǿߣ
ſСڣ𾪵ı鿴žԡ޷ţԻһ켫֮Ŀǿߡ
ڻԪռ䣬źʲôط켫ǿ߶ǷëǵĴڡ
˵ǵѲ֪˶£ǵϵľͷҲôѡ켫ǿߣôңҲ̫ˣùܹ֡ͣΪ켫ǿߣ
ǺܶͨɵۣҲҪȾԴöࡣ
ߣֱˡ˵Դ켫ǿߺǵ·ֹͣһƬհסһ˵Դ켫ǿߣһ֮Աǣ
ǣ˵Դ켫ǿߵģǵͷۣһ켫֮Ŀǿߡ
꣬ԵѵǸԵѣǵµľͷۡԺҲ᳤ڴǵٴҪԵǸ
УЩ̫ԸӡȻ𾪣˶ǰǸʵЩݡ
ԺΪԵѽӷϴҲԲμӴ˴ϯֻҪԴͬ⡣꣬켫ǿ߼ϯ˵
仰ðݵ˲ɢ


3522 ߾ͷ
ԴӳΪ۵º󣬰ܻȡԴǶ
ľƷԴڷо̨ʹá
ǣ۵ԴҲ޾ġΪһ켫֮ĻԪۣҲҪĺԴû㹻Դ֧ţеٶɻࡣ
̫ʷǵˣǵϵʱ˵ĹصȵطȡԴ̫ͨʷǺ̫ʷ̫ʷӵеĲƸġ
̫ʷҪΪԴ۽ӷϴȻóĺöصı
ĿеĲԸʧˣ
ԴۣԲ֮ǰھ̨Ҵˣԭ¡ԵǸ
Σֳ̬Ϊϡ
Ů˵ݼȷʵһ㡣
԰˰˵ȥˣҲûʱϡ
Ҳۼƽ̫࣬ŮǲľԼˣҪ
磬ܲμӵ𣿡ֿʵ
ԡ۵ͷ
ۣ̫ʷ磬Ҳ㣬֪ͨһЦŶԶ˵
۱΢΢һ㶡
磬ԼΪʲôҪԼԼ뵺ȫϤ
ܲμ磬Ϊ۵ĵ£Լƾʲô
ۺܿ׹ΪԴۡǾԴ۵ӣ˾硣
˶ʮԪĻԪۣǵϣҲеƫϵĲΡ
ллԴۡԴ۵л
ۿ˿ۣЩˡƾʲôƾʲôҲܲμӵ磿
ܴʲôû˵ϻЦݣһΪ۸˵ӡ
ɢȥ۶ԵĴǵߣ
ߣ鸴ӵ½뿪
ǵڿʼһ켫֮ľͷΪԴۡ
ԵѣȻͶ۶ҲͲûԼĸۡˡǣھͽȥЦŶԾԵ
ԣ⡣ҲЦ
˴Űۣۡٴν뵺

翪ʼ֮ǰ½мλǵϵľͷ뵺
ÿоͷ̫ʷܾԴۡЩͷ֪ԴҲ켫֮ǿߣ¶𾪵ı飬ǿĽ̸
ǵϵĵǵϵľͷߣϵǢ
⵱ȻҲжصԭġ
һǵźֻһСĹɲ֡ǵߣϲͻΪЩǵ棬ԴҲֻźźϡ٣ʷݱУڹԴϾ˭˭
ǵϵľͷ֮䣬ΪźԹ
ûͻȻϵͲӡ
һԭȴÿһǵϵľͷߣ÷ǳŽᡣǾǣź֮еԴ
źڣܶطĺöҪǵͷŽͬжġŽᣬһ⣬Ӵˮһա
˵ĹеһЩ˵ޡźмΪǿޣǳɱޱȴޱԴǸλȡԴ
һ˺ɱһͷޡ
ʵǿһЩ޴򲻹Ҳܡ޽뺣ˮ֮У뽫ɱǺʵ֡Ǽ켫ǿ֣նɱ޵Ļʹö࣬һÿ˶нϴջ
ЩԭǵϵľͷϵǢ
ǵϵͷھԵĵҲǳĻӭ
ܹôתԾԵ̬ȣҲֱӵĹϵ
翪ʼ̫ʷΪλľͷߣλ̫ʷԱߡ
ԵѣҴǵӭļ롣̫ʷԾƱ˵仰һ
ллλѡҲƱһ
þƣ
ϯ̫ʷȷʵóصĺöǾˮǸֹʵȳʳǼΪĶ
Եͣܵ켫֮άɣϯϵһߣЦų˵
ˣǵͷ֮һ
ǵϣھԵ֮ǰ֮⣬һλͷ֮Уλ켫֮ӵ켫֮ʵ
ǵϣ̫ʷ⣬λͷ
μӽϯģϾҲֻλͷһˣδǰⲻΪĿǰǵϡ
ɶѹˡԶλɶ˵
Եѣɶ˵ûҵ֮У⣬άĿ󡣡ֺ۳˵


3523 άȻԪ
λͷͷʾֺͬ۵Ļ
Դʵ̫ˣǱ
ǺǣҲ뾰ԵȡھԵʱһԪûںϡ̫ʷЦ˵
λѣǴɱ𣿡ԿЦ
һЦϯǳǢ
ۺͰϯв˵ûţһֱڶŸʳ
˵źĹأΪһ켫սγɵģƹѲ󣬾̫ʷʵ
ţȷʵˡ治֪һ춯صĴսҵ󡣡̫ʷ˵
ʵϣźΪǳսγɵġ̫ʷֲһ䡣
ţ
֪Ĺһսγɣ˵ġ̫ʷȴ˵ź򣬶һսɵġ
˵ûݸ֤źȷʵһսǳս֮ǰź򲢲ڣҲûκθʴˮֺ˵
ĹǸطв켫֮ĻԪ䣿̧üʵ
кܶ࣡޾ȻߣĹżȻ켫۵Źǡ̫ʷͷ˵
켫ǿ䣬ܻ֮켫ΪʲôܶĹط켫۵Źǣȴûҵ켫أԿʵ
仰̫ʷ˶ЦЦ
켫ɣȷʵܵ켫ǣһЩġ
켫Ǳֱɱǲٵ켫ġ켫γɵһҪ켫̫ۡʷ˵
û켫޷γɵġҲ˵Ҫ켫ǰȥۡɶ۵ͷ
һǣ켫켫켫ҲδܹҲ˵һ䡣
ԵѣʵĹأҲǳֹ켫ģֻ̫̫ˡ̫ʷԣ˷ž˵ûĹط켫
ԭԵͷ¶Ȼı顣
ԵǲȥĹؿֺЦʾԡ
ȷʵǰ￴Ĺأƺź֮УĵطԻӦ
ţĹصıȷʵǺܶࡣڵʱ߽ĹأֻҪܻǶٶһջֻʱƣĹڷֵıҲԽԽˡֺ˵ȥĹؼ򵥣ԵʲôʱȥˣҿԴһˡ
лֺѡֺ۹˹֡
С¶ѣ˵ҲȥĹֺ۰˰֡
Եѣðһ䣬һԪռ䣿̸֮У̫ʷʾԵ
źڵߣʵ϶ЩԪռ䡣̫ʷֺЩԪۣͬˡЩˣֻڵź󣬱㽫Ϊڵľסˣһ㲻뿪
ҵĻԪռ䣬־ͽоԻԪ˵
ŶԵǻԪ̫֮ʷ
ţֻһСԪռ䣬ʵҵĻԪռ䣬һ˵ĳԱ
ʵǸˣҲ֮ǰһʮԪĴۣܶɾ޴в˽򣬲㱻ۻٵԻ˵
һ˵˾ͶףԻԪˣȷʵȽС
ҲǺܾúܾãûлػԪռˡ̫ʷһп
ҼǵõǸԪռ䣬һάԪɣɶۿ̫ʷ
ţȷʵάԪ̫ʷͷ
άԪǿ󰡣һͷ
̫ʷ˰˵Ҳ㲻϶ǿֻһɣǿĻԪռ䣬ǸάԪ
λԪռҲȷĵȼ𣿡ȻĿˡ
̫ʷͼλͷ۵ĶԻԲ²⣬˵άȻԪռ䣬ͬάƺʹͬĵȼ
ȻԪռԪռ䣬ҲǾ޴󡣲ܹﵽάȻԪĻԪռ䣬Ǻܲˡ̫ʷ˵ԵѣһάԪۣĻԪռ䣬һάԪ
άȻԪڻԪ֮УһȡЩάĻԪռ䣬Ƕ֪СԪ̫ʷ˵
άԪڻԪԼĵλˡֺ۵
ǸάԪǾ˵ǸԪռ䣬ڸά켫֮ĻԪۣ۾һ˵
ûٵдﵽά켫֮ĻԪۣǸԪռ䣬ܱΪάԪ̫ʷЦȻˣȫԪУάԪҲôѡ
ңǸάԪ֮У켫֮ߣҲܶࡣ켫֮Ѷ̫̫ˡ̫ʷҡҡͷ˵


3524 ά¹ϻԪ
ڸάԪڣһά켫֮ĻԪۣҲǶߡ
켫ȷʵ̫ˡ
ǵϵľͷ֮Уδ켫ǶʮԪûվκһȫԪ
άԪȫԪȷʵǺٵġ۵
֪һάȻԪǸάԪ񽵳άԪۼ˵
˵¹ϻԪɣ̫ʷ۵
ԣ¹ϻԪ˵Դӽά֮¹ϻԪҷˡԪڵ߲ܳҲܽȥ۵ͷ
¹ϻԪӡ
¹ϻԪ֪ġԪռ䣬˽һЩϵ¹ϻԪһλб۵ӵ˽򣬺ֱ¹ϻԪɳǿץ˻ȥ
ԵǱ۴¹ϻԪġ
Ե֪¹ϻԪʾԡ
˵¹ϻԪǸάԪǺܳԾģǰֻ֪¹ϻԪǿ
¹ϻԪ˵˽򣬽Դ͵ùԹϡ벻¹ϻԪǿʢ˳̶ȡ
ίʵֲ
ң¹ϻԪ˽ƺǺԶ
¹ϻԪѲǸάԪˡ۶Ծ˵Դ¹ϻԪĸάǿ֮߳Ԫռ䣬ͱάˡڣάԪռ䡣
ţȻάˣ¹ϻԪȻȻ̫ʷ
һϯϣ˺ȾƳʳ֮⣬뵺ǵϵļͷģ˵һЩź飬Ҳ̸һЩڻԪϢ
ϯҹҹŽ
Ե̫ʷǣԷԼķȡ
ҲŶۣصԼͨլԺ
ٴԱʾлǾԣǲлμּϯġϯϵĸֹʵʳҲʵջ޴

һʱ䣬ԻǴڱչ֮С
Ƕźڻв٣Ƚźȫת
һԴ˲Сľϲǣڷо̨Ѱϻ¶Ĳʥ顣
ǰ뾰˵ʥ븯ʴˮӰ죬Ҷߵһİ
ڳ˽ʥĹУ֣ʥߵܴ
ﳬֵ
Ծãϻ¶ȱ׬ˡҪǣʥ鲻ƷԳõıʹá
ʥ飬ܹźԼͬʹãԼںԪٶȣһΪֲĳ̶ȡ
ЧЩ˳Ծ
ڵٶȣ༸ʱ䣬ҾյڶʮԪˡת
ʱľԣֻ˶ʮԪ
ԽԪԼ뷨һ顣һԪѾȫաڶԪԪൽھԪֱһ
ھںϵԪǵڶԪеĵǽԪգôڶľԪȫգֻʣԪ
ţȲںϵڶԪܹΪλ켫֮
ԿʼרעĲں϶Ԫ
羰ݵ˳˶ԪˣԪһﵽ˶ʮ
һźҲȫϡ
ҪܶҵһЩźͺˡҡҡͷЩϧ
֪ܴܲУźš
źȻܴӵĵطߣⲻڲܽסռźߣԸ⽫ǾԾͿԹźʹȨ
ֻǣһ˵ЩźߣԸźʹȨ
Ҳ޷һԸأ
֮ǰۣԸźʹȨһŴȡһźȨ뵽ʱ۽źʹȨԼһĻ̲סЦһ
ֻźʱ㽫Ƕź̺ȫյڡ
ٷźȻǲԸ⽫ʹȨ˰ɡԵ˵
Դۡ
߳󣬶۸մԣЦźһ
ȥźˣҲЦ
ţûջ񡣡ǵ˵ͷҡҡͷ
Ѱźȷʵûôס
ҲȥתתΡԶԶ۵
ԴۣǵѰź絽ӵһǵڵ̫ˣֱÿһߡ۸顣


3525 ޶ë
۵ĴʱӵѰź
ӵرǵջźļʸ
֪ˣҾߡЦЦ˵
ǵĴ鿴ǵ߼ԣһʺǣǲҶλǵ¾ͷκεĲ
ǵתһܣԲҡҡͷ
źֵļҲ̫ˡ
תһȦʲôûԵ˵
̫ʷǵһЩ٣߽̫ʷǷųȴδźźģֻٷ֮һûСĿ⿴Զˡ
кܶǵߣǽ̫ʷǵʹõġ֮ǰĶۣǵûй̶ľֱס̫ʷڡ
һʿɡҡҡͷ
֮󣬾ԿʼЩ̫ʷǡÿӽһ룬̫ʷڱߵþԶһЩԣǲΪԷһ仰Զ롣
ȶԷ̫ʷڳһ¾ͷԴۣһ㶼̵Ǹ
ʱ򣬾ԾͻǣǷʹź
羰̫ʷڣ߶źֻϢ
Ҳû׷ÿ̫ʷǣȥʡ
һʱ
ѿʹźظһ⡣
̫ʷڣһԽΪߡ
Եѯʣ˵ͷ˵ؾԴ۵Ļȷʵʹһź
Եʱһҵһź
ǷԸźʹȨ¶ڴ񣬿ŶԷʵ
ɫһ䣬붼ûҡͷܾ
ȻҲηھԴǿʵ̫ʷǡǾͷҲźҲΪ̫ʷǵı֤ԾԲûһź
ѲҪžܾȿɵЦֽһƿ׷ɳȥ
߽ӹƿɵĴ򿪿˿
һӶƺҪݵƿ֮ڡǱ仯ȵʱĶۻҪ
ԸһźôɵˡЦе˵
߶ʱ
Դóɵʵ̫ˡȻûʹãܸоóɵԼںԪž޴İ
ΪҪһź⡭ܿ
ֻźһʱʱ䡣Ծ׼ļʱ䣬ҽ̫ʷǿʼһʱҾͻԲһ䡣
仰ʱô۾ѪһʱĻȫԽܰƺԼ׬ˡ
ԪۣĺѾܾջ
ԴȻǾͷ켫֮ǿߣתźٶȱЩԪҪһЩ켫֮ǿתźٶͬһԼޡ
֮һʱѣԴյźҲޡ
Դۣ𣿡žԡ
ǧȷİɣҾԣԲʹźһգ۵ʱ䡣Է֤
ǡͬˡ˵
ԷЦЦ֮󣬴̤Է̫ʷǡ
ûκεĵ飬ֱźϡһķתź֮
ʱ󣬾üźٶ𽥽ͣȫֹͣա
Ϊټȫȥź໹ܴڰյʱ䡣
ܴŸ֪źдж١
ˣ
ȥźֱɢˡҡҡͷ
ˣɣܲܣһ㶼¡վ
ԵȻǲ´ʱվ̫ʷžԳȥ߶ŭǵӰ첻áϢȥԺûԸԼ̫ʷǵʹȨˡ
ţ޶ëиȣܰһֻ޶ͺˡţͬʱ̫߳ʷǡ
Դۣʱ仹ûôˣ߼Գһ£ʵ
ŹȥʱһЩӦþԴʹźһʱ
ˣɣлˣֶ߹˹֡
ллԴۣ
ԴǺ˰ޱȵĸ̾
ЦЦת뿪
һѯʣЧʵ̫ˡ
硭ԵһЩֱ̽顣һЩ̫ʷźһĿȻˣԾ׼ҵĿꡣԷ֮Уš
ͷһֺ̿ʼжÿ̫ʷǣֱ͸ȥ鿴
һЩʵǿ̫ʷڵߣӦ˾Ե̽飬Ƿŭĳ̫ʷǣǼ̽Լ¾ͷԴʱŭ̱ǿѹȥ


3526 ź
Ѱǵ̽ǵ̫ʷǣǲưոݣػҪԷһ
ɶԷǾͷԴۣǾûʲô˵ˡ
ȭͷ󣬱е
ǿԴۣܷ쭣ЦݹĴк
ֱ̽һ̫ʷǣٶȼ졣ú󣬾Աһ̫ʷڸ֪źϢ
Цݽӽ̫ʷǡ
֮ǰ̻һһźӵߣҲܾԵ飬ɵʱ򣬾ܾͷʱҡˡ
ԴֻۣҵźһʱһʮԪСԲԪۡ
ţһʱԵͷ
ãžԴ۸еƷ񡣡˼˵
õһŴ̫ʷǣһʱź
һʱ󣬾Դź󲿷ֵΪֻһŴ
ʵܹƴľ˵ļֵǺܸߣƴĲȻΪ󣬿ʯڴԪռ򵽡
˽ʱһŴļ۸Ҳǧ򼶱ʯѡ
ؼϡȱԡ
ǵϵЩߣȻǼû;ܹõɵǶھĽ׻Ƚϲ
ȵõ˺ôܲǵͷԴֲۣΪأ
Խǵһ飬˴źڡ
ϧˣ
ź̫һЩٴθ̾һ
΢磬ȻԼ洢ź
εջҲ㲻Щźʹòʱˡ漴š
Щ뾰Խ׵ǵߣ֪ԼźԴ˴󲿷ֵ»ֱӿ޳
Ȼǲ֪һ㡣
ǸоԼźɢٶȲӦҲֻΪԼźƷʵһЩײỳɵԴ۵ϡ
˵ˣ㻳ΣѲû֤ݵ£ȥҾͷԴʣ
ȥãԼլԺں϶Ԫ

꣡
ˡ
ھ׼լԺʱ򣬴һͻȻӴݶ
ţ
ǡԵͫ׿һ¡
ǵϣ֮ʱзʲôطҲǲֵüܡǣȴźϢ
ʲôô֮ǿź
ӣҵλòӦȴ
ȥ
Ȼ߶ȥٶȿޱȡ
ԵִĿĵصʱ򣬷Ѿۼ˲ٵߡ̫ʷλǵͷҲڲʱִ˴
ô󡭡ź
ԿˣǰһƬϣһ˶ޱȵź˸źɫĹ
źĹģȾ֮ǰЩҪʮ֮ࡣռ˺ܴһط
ź
ǵϣٴεź߾
۾ͨĳȥҪԼ̫ʷǽ䳬źס̫ʷȻԶԶǲסź
ֺѡ
ԵѣҲˡ
ǵϣܸӦ䳬ź
̫ʷ;ԣмλȺǵͷ໥к˵񣬶ʱʱǶ䳬ź
ǵǵϣ˳ź۳˵һεڣˣԶҶǲˣ
ÿгźһЩ鷢Σʲô鷢أɶĿ˵
λѡ̫ʷԵȾͷ˹֡
ǰչأΣ̫ʷ΢Ц˵
ԡ
û
Ӧˡͷ׷׵ͷ
ЩĿ̫ʷˡ
ԵѣǼʹ䳬źÿˣʹһʱ䣬ֱ䳬źɢ̫ʷԾԽ͡
ְ취źܺҲ˴֮ĺԴˣԵȻҲû顣
ܺãͬ⡣Եͷ˵
ȻҶûǾôˡ̫ʷЦ
λɢȥɣ䳬źûʲôϵ̫ʷžۼ˴ڶǵ˵
Щ̫ʷ仰һȻΪģǵԼΪҪԻǽ˿ˡҲ֪źܹõġ
̫ʷǵͷԹƽĻͨźǺܺˡ
ֳźһǺǣȴﵽ켫֮˵ɣû㹻ʵһжá


3527 
̫ʷ;ԵǵͷǰЩͨǵ߼ʲô˼Ҳұֳ
½˺Զһĵط̫ʷÿյ
ź
ȫһʹãϺܾúܾá
ǵ˺󣬵˲û뿪˵ءЩˣܶǵһμź
ʵϣǵͷУܳҲûۼźֻźڣ϶˵ź֡
λ˭̫ʷЦԵǵͷ
Ե໥һۡ
ʹźҲûʹõıҪ
ǳǩʹ˳ɣȻһһ㣬޹ؽҪǩʹ˳򣬼򵥷㡣˵
˶ͷͬ⡣
Ҳá̫ʷͷ
̫ʷǵϵλͷһ߸ˣͨ򵥵ĳǩʹóź˳
һʹóźֺۣԳ鵽ţǵڶʹóźˡ
λѣҾˣֺ˹˹˵
ֺȥɣڣǿɾ͸ʱˣʮʱ̫ʷЦŶֺ˵
ǵͷҲЦЦ
ֺҲٵ飬һ䵽˶ޱȵźϷֱۣĴ߶һĻźס
ˣ˾Ϳֺ۵ӰҲź
ɶ˵ÿгź֣źڱд¼ڵȴֺʹźʱԿɶʵ
ɶ۵ͷ˵ȷʵˣźʷϣÿһγź֣Ѱ
ɶԲź֣併٣Ҿ볬źĳʱ䲻̫̫ʷ˵
һʲô¼Ժʵ
˵඼ĹǱйءһؿռ䱻¶̫ʷ˵
Ҳŷ籩֡Ŀ˵
ŷ籩ʲôԿۡ
ŷ籩źϳֵķ籩Եѣڿź򣬶Ǻƽġʴˮûʲôɵŷ籩֣ǺľɾͿֲˡʴˮܻγ˳ŰһСʱǵܻᱻû˵
ûŷ籩ȷʵաΣ֮УҲмŷ籩󣬻дı̫֡ʷ˵
˵ŷ籩ıһ¡˵ǰһŷ籩٣һǵϵֱ߱ԴһһǳıЦ
ŷ籩ܴĿ
ţܴıЩӦźƬġֻѰʱûЩǱŷ籩˳̫ʷͷ˵
ŷ籩ıҲÿŷ籩֣кܶźܶ˵סŷ籩ʴǵ϶ȫ̴ҡҡͷ˵
˽̸Уһʱܿȥ
ֺ۷ųĹĻϣɢֺۣ볬ź
źȻͬѰֺۻصߣ̲ס̾˵
ֺջܴ󣿡̫ʷʵ
ţȷʵǷǳⳬź̺ͨź̺Ҫתٶȣȴֻͨźתٶϼֺ֡۵ͷ
ֺۣҲǵһճźȻź˺ܾúܾãɳźֵĸ̫̫ˡ
Եѣֵˡֺ۶Ծ˵
ãҾȥˡ΢΢һ˹˹˵
ȥɣԵѡ̫ʷǵͷͷЦ
΢΢һϳź
ֱ΢̧һ£ͬǷųһĻϣԼͳźס
תķճź
Ȳתմ洢Ժתпٵתһͷ
䳬źһʹã߸ʹáڵλʱڣյĳźԽ࣬ջԽ
λѣǿǲЩ⣿̫ʷ˫üžԷųϣ˵
λǵͷٽעŵͷŵ档
һעͷݶ΢΢һ䡣
ȷʵЩͬϵǿʲôϸ۲죬ܿԵͷŵϣṹǳϸܡϸܵЩˣⲻһά켫֮ĻԪܹġֺ˵


3528 
ڳļͷ˫Ŀ¶֮ɫ
ǿԴͷŵϣԽԽף
һά켫֮ĻԪۣܹϸȹ̵ṹ
ߣСǿԴȪʣ϶֮йء˵ֻΪƶ֮ġ
չֳ֮䣬򴦴ڣЩ̬֮²κ˺
Ҫ򣬽ʹõ
βܷܽӵ̶ȣ߶ԵĹйء
˵ﵽԪۣԪεߡյԪ䱾ʾںϵıԴҪһԪ򣬾ͱ뽫Դںϵһ𡣿ǱԴ֮䣬Ҳ໥ųģںϾںϡ
棬ǣһܹȶĽṹñԴںϳһԪ
ͬģʹõ֮ҲҪȶܹתĽṹ򣬱˵Ե֮ɱˣܻܿԼ˵Լ
ԽȶϸµļܹԽܹӳ֮ܡ
κʵ֪һ㣬Ҳ߾ȫģԼĵṹȶȻⲢһ׵飬ǣ㡣һ˵ԽǸӵϸµļܹԽԿơһͿֱӱ
Ϊˣֺ۲ŻԾ˵Դͷųϣһһά켫ܹ֮ġϣʵҪǵ֮ɵģһЩֹߵ̽顣
ԵѼֱǸɶ˵
˼飬Ҵδһά켫֮ĻԪۣܹˡ
ҪôµĿ
޷ܹҵʵɡ

ǵͷ𺳵ĸ̾
㡭Ҳɣֺۿ̫ʷʵ
̫ʷҡҡͷ̾һ˵Զ

ڷճźľԣЩǵͷĽ̸
˷һʱ䡣
ʱľԣֻܸоԼ΢磬һϵĳӯָоǳʹ졣
ȻҲСĽյĳźϾûоתЩ΢ڣ֣ҪЩпơβܣܿܵ΢ֱӱը
ԾڵסԼյźûʲôѶȣоɡ
Բ֪ǣ̫ʷҲȷź̫ʷʹźҲֻһһתתپն١
ʮʱƺת˲͹ȥˡ
۾Щδ
źںԪİ̫ˡ
ȻԼ߸ʹãǾ͵ء
ԳȥϣӰ뿪˳ź
ʱ̫ʷˣֱֱĶԼ
ôˣһѵԼճź̫ʷ˷ˣȷʵЩˡ
Ҳû̫⣬Լճź̫ʷˣҲһҶͿ˭ö࣬ҲǺܹƽġ֪̫ʷ˸޷ȴźԺȥת
Եѣܲ˵˵㵽ôģ̫ʷžʵ
ʲôһ㶡
ԵѣԵ֮ļܹǺܶࡣͷǳǵҲܹ⣬Ͼͨʱ䣬ҲĸĽṹǣ˵ᡣ㣬ôģ۳Ծʵ
ܹüǺȻļܹҺҲûȥĸĽ֮ͨṹ
˵ʱҡҡͷ
̫ʷ˶һ۾Ŀžԡ
̫ˣ˱ˣѵ˴
Ŀֲѹ־Եֻ˶ʮԪ򣬾ܡͱһǿһ̾˿˵
۵뾰ڵֹһУ깥ҲȽ⡣ǣֻ˶ʮԪľԣʤһЩ޷⡣
գ֪ԭ
ˣ˵ôˡ̴۰˰֣˳źǵʹóźǵͷ
Եѡ̫ʷžԣ֪˵ʲô
̫ʷһάԪռߣź꣬ܶܶ켫֮ߡ
ά켫֮ĻԪۣҲδܹڼܹ֮棬뾰Դȡ
Ҫ˵ʲô̫ʷ
ûʲôˣͲӦöԱȡ츳ʹ顣̫ʷЦЦ˵


3529 ̶ά
̫ʷǵͷ˵ˡ
̫ʷ˵ûЩѾ켫֮ӵ켫֮ʵҲȥЩԱȡҲʹ첻˵ӰԼĵġ
߸ʹóź
ź̺ȷʵǳӴ󣬼ʱȥź̺Ų
һգʮʱźոմź
Щ԰
źٶǲЩˣͻȻ˵
ǰΪź̺࣬һûʲôоųź̺Ƚͣڲı仯Ե
һ˵ͷҲע⵽⡣
ȷʵЩ
ô£
ӦòĵôŶԡŹȥµʱѡ
ͨźʹãҲһ°ɣ
˷׷׿˵
ɫƽû¶κεĻҡѾȷ̫ʷʹóźʱ򣬲ûȴź
ȻҲû̫ʷΪʲôմ档ˣǾͽԼ¶
ȷʵЩŹ֡Եͷ˵һ䡣
ٹ۲۲졣̫ʷü˵
գûȥȴźͷһһһת
һźͷѾ̫ʷ˵ע⣬֮ǰգܻܿᱩ¶ҲоԼڴźѾܶˣӽ״̬
Ҳ̫ˡš
źٷȱ̫ʷ˱Ҳû£Ķźת
ֹ˴ʱ䣬䳬źڱʹ֮лΪһźɫɢˡ
ʵϣź̺û߶գҲǴڳɢ״̬ģɢٶȻܿ졣
Щʹẓ́Ҳתһźļʮ֮һ
ˡ
ţǵջӦöܴҸоҼںһԪˡɶЦ˵
Ҫܶ༸䳬źұضҲܵ켫ֺ֮˫Ŀ˵
Ԫϣѽӽ켫һ̶Ͽ˵ĻǷǳġлԵ˵ڽ϶̵ʱڣΪά켫֮ĻԪۡ
ԵջΣ̫ʷЦʵ
æ˵оźίʵǺöǵо޴İ
ǰϧĺö̫ˡҡҡͷ
ǾҾʹɢˣ̫ʷ
ɢ˰ɣ˵ͷ
ԻصԼլԺ۲ڣӦֳȥѰźˡ
Լķ䣬Եɳ
ܶܶ࣡
΢ڴĳź̫ˡңҪ̿ʼת
̷ʹòʥ顣תķʼں϶Ԫ
һԪĲںٶȣȾݵĻҪϺܶࡣźƷȷʵͨź߳ܶࡣ
תЩͨźɣ롣
ճź֮ǰԿ˲ͨźȻͨźϵİҲǳ޴
һǧ󣬾Գɹں˶Ԫ
ǧ˰󣬾Գɹں˶ڰԪ
ˣڶԪϣֻһԪ򣬱ɽԪ򾡽աĻԾǶά켫֮СԲԪۡ
˴ʱڴͨźʣ½ӽһӡ

ȡһάֻ֮վ΢һ£ں϶һԪ
һԪĲںϣѶȴǰԪеκһ
źϲʥ黹дԴôǾԣҪԪв򣬿ܶ޷ȡýչ
Ҳѹֺ֣ĻԪۣΪʲôûܵ켫֮
̫ˣ
ٶȣһ˳κ⣬ҲҪʱնһԪ򡣡
ţֹͣתͨźʼתź
ȻͨźʣԼĪһӣΪ˾ά켫Ծʹóź
Ȼں϶ھԪٶȣ˼ΪԵ
ٶȣӦֻҪǧʱ䣬ҵά켫֮΢΢
ھԱչ̶ά켫ʱǵϵҲûʲô¡
̫ʷˣһֱעĹط棬ͬûʲôֵעϢ


3530 ά켫
ԶھԪĲںϣǧʱ䡣
ķѵʱ䣬ȾڲںϴԪ֮ǰݹҪһЩ
Ҫԭ򣬾ھԪںϵһ
ʵϣڲںϵǧ꣬Ѿ˶Ԫںϡɵʱں϶ɵԪ򹹼ܻ̫ȶЩֺķ˾Űʱ䣬Ԫء
ˣ˶ȫľԪ򡣾ԴۣҲʹ˵ά켫֮СԲԪۡ
ͬʱʵٴʵά켫һά켫֮󣬻ھԵ֮ϡȻͨԪ켫֮ĻԪô⣬Ҳӽˡ
Ի֣ԼΪά켫֮ƷʣҲ֮ٶ켫ٶȣԿһء
ﵽάҵĸʵֶΣ˵ȫλ
յԪȻһŶʮԪ򡣵ǣҵʵ
Ԫ۽֣Ԫۿ߶ɣЦЦ
ֻ˶ʮԪ򣬾͵ά켫֮⣬ίʵЩˡ
ȫԪߣҲҼ̫ʷ˵е⻰һ㶼֡
ڵľԣһԪԪԪൽԪһ
źˡ
ź򣬾ûлʹźҲܵõϲʥ顣ûԴİάǻ֪Ҫʱ䡣
źڴĻв٣ԿԼԪ򡣡
ţȽɱǬǧػһ¡š
֮ǰǽɱ뵽Ǭǧػ֮УǷȱ򲻵ѵʱҲʩչǬǧػǿʩչϴˡ
ά켫Ǭǧػࡣ
ʵ羰Ԥϵһ˲꣬˳ĽǬǧػơά켫֮ʵʩչҲ÷ǳɡ
αչصʱ䲻̣óȥˡ
ȥһˣʱǷʲôҪ鷢
תվ߳Լķ䡣
һɨլԺڶ۵ķ䣬۲ķ֮С
ֳȥˡЦһ
ԴҲû⣬ǵϣߣѰźϺķѴʱ;

ǵ֮⣬ĳ
ط뾰ڵǵԶʱ˴ۼʮߡ
ӿʴ֮ŰԭƽĺϣʱȴϺȻը
ʮߣΧɱһͷޡһΪҪɱʮߣǸɱ޲ǣ޷ֹӻظʴˮ֮ڡ
Ϊ׵߲Ǳˣǵͷֻۡ뷢ţֳһԿƵĳϺޡ
ͷ޵ͣڳ֮вܴ󡣿ȥȾԵͷ޻ҪСһЩ
Χɱ޵жѳ˲̵ʱ䡣ͷ޵Ϣѱήҡ⣬Ӧò̫ʱ䣬۾ܴʮǵߣɱ
ȻʤҲ˿Ĵ⣬κεиԽǵɱβԽǲܳһͿܵɱ޵ǵǰ
ʮУۺȻҲС
ʮˣʵһۿȥȫ˳ʮԪСԲԪۡȺУʵһ
ʵϣα۴ɱޣҲǹϵĶۡ۵ı⣬ֻҪʮԪĻԪۣ۲
Ϊ뾰ԵĹϵñ˶ۡɱ޵жһɹ۱ܵõĺô޵壬һأⶼǼֵߵԴһһٽϻ¶
Ҫˣ۶޵Ϊ׼ȷжϡ
ͷޣѵ;ƿݵĵز࣬ٺʮʱ䣬Ǿܽ¡
άǿ̶ȵͷţ޻ûûиʱ
ټһ£Ͼˡ۸ʮԪ۴
䣡
ʱ򣬺ԶˣȴһĿϢϯ
۵˶ϢһδиĶǿһ޴Ľ⴩ն
һܺ嫵Ľ⣬ݺݵĴ޵ϡʱϳһ޴˿ڣɫѪҺӿ
Ǻǣθսź£д˵ջ񡣡һЦ֮


3531 𻷴
䣬۵˾ͿһӰƬռ֮ڡ
ɫֳۣһ˸ĳ°ϣһ
𻷴ۣһ
ˣȻʶոյĻԪۡ
ԭǱۣۡʲô𻷴۷·ſ۵ӡ
˵ͬʱٴγֻнɫޡ
ͷޱ͵;ƿݵĵز𻷴۲֣ҲƬ֮䳹׻ɱ𻷴۵ͻȻֻ֣޵ʱǰһЩ
ɫһ˵ʲôг䡣
ʱ֮޵ڷһɢ
ۣʲô˼Īҵޣ𻷴Ŀһ䣬ű۳ȵ
𻷴ۣͷޣǷֵġ֮ǰѾɱ˺ܾáѹеŭ˵
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ʲôЦ
ۣô˵źޣǵģ
ǺǣȤĪǾԼܹ赽ҵͷˣ𻷴Ц˵
Ѿˣ𻷴۾ڱ۵˵ͷޡѾӽǿг֣֮ǰ˼Ȼ󣬱𻷴ɱģ۵𻷴۵ޡ
۵Ȼ֪𻷴Ҫʲô
ӽ𻷴۳֣֪𻷴Ҫޡ
ԣͨ𻷴۽ķʽûޣǲܵ顣
۵˿𻷴۵Ҳ˷ŭȺˣðΣգʹøֱɱ˼켸ҹɹڼʱ𻷴ͻȻðҪޣܲŭ
ϣŭĶԸ˵˵ġ
𻷴ۣպաȻκǵסҲǵǵϵߣкܶ඼֪𻷴۵ͷ
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𻷴ۣ֮Ҳİ
˵ֱһ㡣㣬Σ۳ʵ
ܼ򵥵飬ͷޣҵġ𻷴нɫָָڿ޵ľ޴ʬ塣
ˣδ̫һЩۺ˵Ҳ𻷴ΪУǵҲֻ𻷴ѡǣǵҲԲӡ
⻰ɾЩˡҽ𻷣ҲԼǵǵȥ
ǣͷɱնɱġ𻷴ƺβ
˿񳹵Ȳ˵ͷ޵ıֵ˵£𻷴ķʽʬ壬ۻǵδ棿
ĴѶ֪̫ͨʷǰʵ޷𻷴۶ԿҪ֧Ԯ
ȻˣҲǷҪռͷޡ𻷴ۻһת˵
𻷴۵˼˵˫ޣ۵
ʵҲǿԵġ𻷴һЦȻһת˶ۣ˵Ůˣǵϵ߰ɣŮ˹ԹԵҼ졣
ģҲɱˣǵǵ𻷴аŶۡ
𻷴۵Щ۽һһɺϯȫ
Уܾ̾
𻷴ɫһ䣬Ŀ¶ɱ⣬ͳ˵ôһŮ˶ѣѵ޻Ҫ
ǲΪҽһʱûźǶҸˣ𻷴ɱŷгвζ
𻷴ۣλۣǾԴ۵ĺѡ뾰Դۣϵܡ
Դۣʲôƨ⣬û𻷴۸Ͳ֪˭δ˵Ե֡
Ȼ֪˭Ҳں
뾰Դ۹ϵܣǺǣӿϵŮˣǾԴ۵ŮˣΣ
Ҹ㣬ŮˣҪˡУͷҲҵġǵ֣ͿеĽʥӦӦˣ𻷴۰Եޱȵ˵ȫûнۺǵӡ

ǵ
ոյ۵ȴѶ̫ʷɫѿ
ɶ񣡡̫ʷһ
ˣԴˡһ»ͨ
»Ļ̫ʷӰһ˾סķ䡣һ̣ǳڸոս뵺ľǰ
Կ̫ʷͻȻǰеЩ⡣
Եѣߡ̫ʷٺܿĶԾ˵
ʲôˣԲʵ


3532 аԵ
ʱ̫ʷЩǡ
ˣҪ̫ʷ˵Ǳ߱˵뾡ϵܳ⡣
۳ǵˣԵ
ʳ仰ʱҲ߶̫ʷ
ţ֮ǰھǵԶĵطһͷޡѣǵļʮʵĻԪǰɱ
ڸղţͻȻҴѶȡ𻷴ۣҪͷޡ̫ʷ֮˵Щ
𻷴۴ˣǿü
ʵǿҴ˼ΪԵ޼ɵһԲϾͿܴ֡Ϊؼǣа񣬼ΪѲ̫ʷ˵𻷴۵ʱüͷ
ĪǶά켫֮ĻԪۣʵ
ûдﵽά켫֮ʵһһά켫֮Ԫǿ١յԪ϶࣬ʮ̫ʷҡͷ˵
ʵûбҪǶԸ𻷴۴򽻵ˣʵȴûʲô취̫ʷ˵һ䡣
ʮԪһά켫֮ԪۡԵظһ顣
ţˡԵѣڴѶλѣҲһͬȥ̫ʷ˵ʱ㿪ʼѶǵϵλͷҲֺۡ۵ˡ
Ҫ𻷴γѹ͵ÿϵˡ
ǵ켫֮ʵĻԪۣǽ𻷴Ҳ̫֡
ûֹ̫ʷǵͷѶ
ԵѣǵÿһЩۣ˴ҲűȥˣҵΣա̫ʷͷѶֶԾ˵
ڶۣǱѶʱġҲ֪۸ű۳ǵɱޡ
ǵˣü

㣬
𻷴۶Զ˵
ûֻ￴Ž𻷴ۡ
ţ
𻷴˫üһɨŶۣѹǵصӿ
𻷴ۣǾԴ۵ĵ¡ԴۣǵľͷǶԶ۲ǵԲưոݡǰƶһЩΪ۷ֵԽ𻷴۵ѹ
Զ۵ʵ޷ֵס𻷴ѹġ
ǵͷ
ǺǣҺŶ𻷴Ц
ٸһ߷ϻҾɱ㡣ǺǣҼŪ㣬ǵҺͣǵ̫ʷǰҲùԹԵġ𻷴ۿЦ
Ᵽ
޼ɵ
̫ʷǵ޷𻷴۸ев
ǵͷԣʲô
ŮˣǸӡȥ͸ʲôԡңҵҪûӡ𻷴ۿЦ쳹֮䡣
𻷴ۣͷ޹ˡޣ뿪Ȼŭ죬Լ뽫ŭѹסԼڣܶȲ̫ʷ˵ľԮ
Ѿ˵ˣҵģŮҲҵģ𻷴ٴתĿжۣԴ°ϵΪԡ
ŮˣˡӲϲ˷ʱ䣬ϸߣӾֱŪ㡣ٺ٣ҿһʱ䣬ûɱôƯŮˡ𻷴۾аڶ߮
۽ɫҰסŭŽ𻷴ۣһƬ顣
𻷴ۣδ۷ɣ
̫ʷ
ط̫ʷǵԶ̫ʷ;ԴǵϹܿ죬ûķѶʱ䡣
̫ʷ𻷴ת˹ȥϲδʲô仯̫ʷˣҲûʲôɵ̫ʷǾͲطЩʱˡ
̫ʷ㿴Ҳܲ𻷴ۿ̫ʷ˵
ĿҲ̫ʷߵľɨδ⡣
Եѡ۶̫ʷ;Թ˹֣˵
ʵѾڴŶ۳ɱˣŶۣ»˵ı
Ȼ뾰Դ֮ûʲôϵҲ״һЩ
ϧû
۳ɱޣȴܽ۴ǵĻ޷Դ۽
ŶǱ˵ʲôԣ𻷴ۿԡ
֮ǰû㣬İɣ𻷴һ䣬Ŀǡ
Ҳǵһμ𻷴ۡ۾˵
˵˵Ůˣ𻷴ָŶۣƱ˵ʵ
Կ򶡛ֻۣ۾ͨ죬Ҫ˳
̼䣬ɱھӿȻĵ£ҲŶ޶ԡ


3533 ǵĴ
˳ʮԪһά켫֮
ҵҪұ׽֮£Դ
Կ𻷴۵纮
ΣԵƽ˵ЩĮ
Եĺ;仰һ˿ɫǵϣܶ˶ǾԾͷĵ£ֻûж⹫ȻΪģǾԴ۵ĵ£ԴۼǴڱչ֮У֮˵Ļᶼࡣ
ڣԴȴ˵Ρ仰
ѵԴҲеϲԼ𣿿ǣһٵô죿֪ԼͲǵɱ޵жˡ
𻷴۴ЦܺãԣŮ˽ü졣ģһỹ㡣Ȼܱ֤ϲȱʲôһǿԱ֤ġ
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𻷴ۣȲҪŭлú˵̫ʷæ˵̫ʷǵ𻷴ϵûҪΪһС£˫˺
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Ե̫ⷬʷ˶ɵôˡǵľԵѣôˣ


3534 
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ԣЩţЩ޷ǵĴڡֻǴӾԴۿ˵
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ڽ𻷴۳֮󣬾еı׽ϣҲһ貵Ĺâᴩ
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˽𻷴˵˻̫ʷҲɫһʶĸӦԴ۵Ԫ


3535 նɱ
ά켫
ǿЦɣǲǳֻþˣ
̫ʷˣʱ޲ýԼӵɳӡ
̫ʷֺۺλǶۼԳֵġԼǧǰԴڵ۽ֹ̫ʷ˿԰ٷְȷԴ˶ʮԪһά켫֮СԲԪۡ
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ֵʱȷʵֻ˶ʮԪ
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ҪĲǾԵѣά켫֮ˡ̫ʷһ
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𻷴۾֪Ƕά켫֮ĻԪۣԻжԶܶԶ𻷣Ȼһά켫֮ĻԪսǿԶά켫֮ĻԪۣҲüβ͡
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𻷴۳׵
뾰ԶԿһʱ䣬ֶΣʱ䶼ûֵܵסͱ

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ֻһУ㽫𻷴նɱ
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ϿգƽָܿɫĸʴˮҲعڼž
Դ𻷴۵ɱѾ̫ʷȴǺһᶼûӦǣƺһӽԼ龰
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˵ʵǽ𻷴۵ʬ廹Ưںɫˮ֮ϣ̫ʷ˿ܻΪһжǼ󡣿ǣ𻷴۵ʬʴˮʴ
׽˳㽫𻷴Դ
𻷴ˣϵԴȻ١
Եѣ㡭ôɶά켫ˣ̫ʷ΢΢һָ˹žԣСĵʵ
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˻ԵĻ̫ʷиλǵͷ˿
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ʵھԵӡڿʼʱҲûжô̡Ȼû˵һֱǾãΪõ켫ܵ켫֮ûö켫ԸͲܵ켫֮
ڡ
Դһά켫֮ά켫֮ûʹ켫ƾԼͻƵġ
һԼͱȾԴ۴ûܵ켫ֺ֮۲ЩĻѵ˵Ĳ࣬Ŀ˾޴𣿴󵽣ԷıӰĵز
ԵѾȫԪǿĶά켫̫֮ʷ˵
ˣصͷ
ˣֻһЩˡЦЦ˵
һ۽𻷴۵ʬ壺𻷴ۣίʵǸնɱ᲻鷳ҵ˼ǣ᲻̫ʷǵʲô鷳
仰̫ʷæҡͷ˵ģ𻷴۾Ƕ䱳޸ǿߡԵѣضԴκεĵġ
˵ûʵǽ𻷴ʵ̫ǿЩһά켫֮޷ɱͱɱˡˣ̫ˣҲ˵
ţǾͺáԵͷֶԱ˵ͷޣɡ
˵ʱָָԶ˻ڿеʬ˵


3536 ͬǰ
ʶİ˰֡
ͷԴʮǵԪɱ𻷴ۺһš𻷴ɱ𻷴۵ǾԴۡ
ϾԴǶά켫֮ǿߣһͷӦɾԴ۴á
ͷޣ뾰Եѷ䴦۶Ծ˵
ЦЦѲˡޣԴǵɱ޹ء
һɱ𻷴ۣѽԴߣջȻСֵ
ǡ۾ԼޣЩס
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ʬ塣
ȻͷҲȫڱۡͬʮߣڣЭɱޣ㶼Ȩֵһ֡
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ۣû¡ԶԶ
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һ⣬ǰٽϻ¶⣬ֻϼֵϵ͵Ķ
󣬱Խ޵ͷ­͵˾ԵլԺ뾰ԣζҪͷ­

̫ʷ׼ϯ
μϯˣϴεЩˡۣۡгϯ
׼ϯϴλҪʢֺ˵
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ϯϵҲٱһ
һСҪ͸λѡ㲻϶أҲҵһɡԷ¾Ʊ֮һȡһƿ
Щƿڷϯϡ
ԼƵһЩɵ࣬ϣܹλѵжһָǰƿЦ˵


3537 Զ
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ÿƿ֮Ŵ
𻷴£ȷʵþԶ̫ʷ˵ࡣûд£ǲͳġ
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ԣóƿֱͳ󣬶ۺͰûеõƿ
ۿ˿ֿۣ˿ԣЩڴҲҪԴ۵֮ǰԾԹǳɢˡǣ֪ԴǶά켫֮Ŀǿߺ͸ӲٶԾԱеˡ
ʱԴͳҲҪΪά켫֮ǿóֵĶԲֻͨɵҲһǷǳǳɵ
ɾԴ۽óƿͳȥ֮ȴ۵ģֲҿҪ
Ҳ˰۵룬ҡҡͷ
ǲʹ۵ģȻԲƽŮ֮ǰŮ˾ްøСǣ껹۸ۡ
ˣһŰɡҲøһӣϾ۵ĵ¡е
ת󣬾ȡһƿֻһŴ
ۣǸġޱĽеƿݸۡ
۶ʱϲüңͶҪֿˡ
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ллԴۣ̫лԴˡû뵽Ҳҵһݡۺܼ
ʵ˵ŮˣȻ۳ǵϰһЩԵҲ㻵ܣһЩ
õԵ󣬰̲סʹƿ鿴
̫ʷ˽ӹԵЩ棬Ҳᵱ򿪲鿴ϾҶǴܻҪġҪ鿴Ҳǵϯ֮󣬵ȾԴ뿪ٿ
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꣡üһ䡣
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ʲôɵðЩʧ̬ۣɲûӡǳΪĵ֮󣬰ĺöҲ
ѵԴͳɵʲôòɣ
̫ʷˣҲ¶ɫĿȻľոմӾԴӵеƿ
ԵѣЦˡ۶ԾЦЦ˵
޷ģûˡ԰˵
Ͳܵһ㣿Ϊҵĸ֮ۡڣǳ˰һۣ˳ֽ۴򿪵ƿõԼС
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⡭ǣ۾Ҳɴ¶ŵɫ
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˵Դ¹ϻԪҷ֮󣬾ͼˡ¹ϻԪ֮⣬˵ټ˵ֶˡ
̫ʷˣҲܲû᲻ʧ켫ˡԴҲ˵ˣûˡǣ׷ײ鿴Լеƿ

û
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Ѱ߼ķӦԵܹ⡣
Եѣ㡭㷽˵˵Ƶģ̫ʷԣ˼ıʵ
û˵ȷʵЩƳġԵͷ˵
ǾԵѣ㲻¹ϻԪ߰㣬ôƳ̴ĿžԵ
λǿΪ˼Щʡ


3538 Ԫĵ
̫ʷ˵۾ھԵϡ
ԵѾȻΪ˼
ԵѣƳ̫ʷѯһ顣
ǲžԣϢ̫ˡ
ţûȷʵǿƴ˵Եͷ
Եѣ㲻¹ϻԪߣȥ¹ϻԪ¹ϻԪѾҷ״̬ôᣬӦûȥ¹ϻԪŶԡ̴ü˵
ȷʵûȥ¹ϻԪ
ҵ֪ǳ¹ϻԪҲ֪ȷʵǷǳɵ˵
ֹ찡̫ʷĺһΪԪĵ֮һ
ԪĵԵǵһ˵
˵ûȷʵǻԪĵ֮һԪĵǴϹʱġ֣ǲ֪ƷˡܹƳģֻɵ֮һֺ۵ͷ˵
¹ϻԪĲ֮ء¹ϻԪǸάԪ棬䲢Ϊǿʢġ۵¹ϻԪǸάԪһĴڡ̴ۻ˵
¹ϻԪҩڡ˵ҩ֮ڣĵҲмΪϸıܳƺֻÿһҩڵʸ֪ĵĿ˵
Ч̫ˡܹ㹻ɴԪۼߣҲûԪۿٵʵ˵¹ϻԪܹڻԪеĵλǾԵء̫ʷ
Եѣ֪Ϊʲô˳Ծ˰ɣɶžԵ
ǡǲ˵һ治֪Щ顣ȷʵƣɵļʼ͡˵
仰Ͳôʵˡ֪¹ϻԪҩĳɹж٣ѡ֮ô˵ҲΪһЩ˼ɡ
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Եѣ͸ôɵǡǲ֪θл㡣ֺ˵
ֺ֣֡Ƕλߴˡ̫ʷЦ˵ǵ켫֮ļʣɾҪǰˡλյԪǵ켫̱֮ܳΪһά켫֮ԪеĶǿߡ̫ʷϯϵֺۺۡ
λ̫ʷǵδ켫֮ȴ켫ʵĻԪۡ
ֺۺԣЦ̫ʷ˵ûյԪܵ켫ʵ̱ܴﵽ𻷴۵ˮƽǳԽ
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λҲ̫ϣⶼʲô԰ڰ˵
ϯϵˣҲû׷ʾεõġÿˣԼܡϵɵǾ͸׷ˡοԴǶά켫֮ǿߣ̫ʷǵʵΪǿĻԪۡ
һεϯֵĳҹŽ
붡ۣӵ뿪صԼլԺ
ۣȵȡڰۻط֮ǰס˰ۡ
ڵϯϣͳ˲μϯˣۣõһֻжûյԵ
ҲõھԸոǵӵصʱһ붡ۻźʹȨǴΪûƺãԻֱӽ۵Ƕźˡ
ԴۡתɻĿžԡ
ԲҲû롣ϴξԴ۸ûʹãС
͸ġóһƿЦŵݸۡ
˶۵ȻûС
ۿóƿ̾Ͳµʲô
ֻǣȴɫ΢΢һ졣
ԴۣҪ𣿡ᡣ
Ȼ̫ʷǵʶѡ̫ʷǶôûУЦ˵
ллԴۡ۽ӹƿҲû򿪿СĵһͷС¹ڲͣ
ԺУֲ𣬰ǵĺϣԴ۶Խ𻷴˵ġΡ仰
ԴۣҲһϲ
Ҳ֪ʲôʱʼھǰԸ仯˲١ʶԵʱ򣬿ɲСŮ̬ǺܻԸ

𻷴۱նɱϢѴ̫ʷǵǵ
Ȼնɱ𻷴۵ʱڳֻ̫ʷǵʵǿߡɴϢ̫𾪡̫ʷǵڴ󣬾Ͳɱ͸
ǵǷ״̬


3539 ʥʮ̶
𻷴źСͻȻɣźʵһ𶯡
Ȼ𻷴۱Ͼֻһά켫֮ĻԪۣź뷭ʲôǲܵ顣
֮һЩ̸ۣҪԭǣɱ𻷴۵ľȻ̫ʷǵ
̫ʷǵǵźڲۡǵĵҲһά켫֮ĻԪۡ
Ҫ֪źȫԪҲһΪҪյڡЩάĻԪռ䣬źûʲô˽⡣ЩάĻԪռ䣬Բźİ
źĹܻõıв켫Ԫо޴ġ
طҲʱά켫֮ǿ߹иάǿ
˵һ̫ʷǵͲܳΪƬʴĽ㡣˵ֻǱԵǵ
Ȼźڣǵ̫ʷǵĲΡǿǵվѡ
𻷴۱̫ʷǵնɱϢ䴫ˣ֪𻷴Ǳ̫ʷǵ¾ͷԴһɱġЩˣΪ̫ʷǵе켫ǿֲŽɱ˽𻷴ۡ
˾ã𻷴Ǵˣ﷭˴
ʵϣ̫ʷǵϵкͣҲľֻ֪˺;ͷһͬжȥԸ𻷴ۡ
ɱ𻷴ۺ󣬾ٶȽչ״̬
źвʥ飬ʹãʵ
ڵľԣʼںԪڴ֮ǰյԪֻȫԪ
ԪĲںѶȲߣ˲ǧʱ䣬Ա㽫˳ա
ÿһԪ򣬶յԽ࣬ѶԽ󡣶ھԪǰķ˳ǧʱȫա
ԣԪյ˺ڣѶȶȻֱźвʥİҲķѴʱ䡣
ǧȥ
һգƽۣ˾ԾͷסլԺ
ƽۣڱչ״̬еľԻѹ
ƽۡ߳䡣
ԴۡƽԹ
Դۣȥһˡƽ۽ŶԾ˵
ʲô𣿡һʵ
ţĹǱйءǵͷۣѾ۵ƽ۵ͷ
ƽ˵Ĺйأжʱ΢΢һ
ãȥԵͷ
֮󣬾Ա˵ĻԽ㿴̫ʷǵͷ
ʶһЩ⣬һİס
Եˡ̫ʷˣȫӭ
ԴۣǵΨһĶά켫֮ǿߡ
λѡԹ֡
Եѣһ£λǲѡ̫ʷԾԽ˵
еĲѣǾԲʶİףһŮ켫֮ߡ
ۣҲ̫ʷǵϵľͷͬʱ̫ʷǵͷΨһŮ켫֮ۡ
̫ʷǵʱ۲ǵ֮ϣ뿪һʱ䣬ڲŵһ뾰Լ档
Եѡ
ѣ֮ǰŵˡ
ԺͲۿĴк
ˣ̫ʷǵһλλͷȫ롣
Եѣλѣ̫ʷһĶ
½
λ֮ǰǵĲ²ȷġĹ֮Уʥʮ̶Ȼˡ̫ʷ۾ͳ˵
ǰĹسֹһδ䣬̫ʷ˱㻳ɣʥʮ̷Ҫˡɺûʲô̫ʷ˻Լǲǲ²
ӵһĹ䷢ڣǹȥʱ䡣
ʱգʥʮ̷ٶȳļ󣬶ҷǳԡ
һǲٴˡֺ۳˵
ԣǵһҪʥʮ̷޷֮أҲҪʥʮ̷صͷ˵
̫ʷǵһλάǿ߾ԴۡһΣǽʥʮ̶Ļһάǵȫ޷Ǿ̴˵ʱԡ
û뼸λѶ̹ۼ׼һ¡룬֮ڣǱһͬǰĹءҵõϢѾǵĹء̫ʷ΢΢
ԡ
û⡣
ھǰĹضԡ˷׷׵ͷ˵
ԵѣΣ̫ʷʵ
֮УԴ۵ȻΪҪġԴ˵һʱȥĹأ˶붼ͬ⡣
ûʲôľǡ˵һûȥĹءҲλѶָ㡣ЦЦ˵


3540 Ѱ
ǰҲȥĹؿΪôźæڱչУԴ¾ͱ
Ϊʥʮ̷ξԿܻһֱȵԼά켫֮Żء
ڵ΢Удź档
ã׼պ׼ʱ̫ʷһ˵
ʱ䣬һζ
һգԵλ̫ʷǵͷٴڵϡ̫ʷӣһа˸ˣǰĹء
Ĺؾ̫ʷǵ˸˰ʱ䣬ִĹڡ֪·ߣããźҵĹأɾˡ
ԵѣǰĹˡ̫ʷָǰһƬֵĵطԾ˵
㿴ڽĹء̫ʷ˵
ҲˣߣӰûɫ֮С
ĹڣΣءû켫ʵȥļʺܴ󡣵ΪΪʳΪ˷ƣԴԴϵ߽Ĺءҡҡͷ̾һ˵
ʵҵǾãʱԼһЩΣСȸУһ;ߵøԶһֱ֮У޷Ϊǿߡ۳˵
ԼǣҲֻижÿǿ·ϣһ˳û㹻츳ٸҲɲǿߡۿŲۣЦЦ˵
λѣǾͽɣ̫ʷ

ߣ˶Ӱһͬʱɫ֮С
ɫмǿĸʴ֮켫֮ĻԪֱۣӽӴЩɫҲǿҵոСɫĻǳ졣
˶вʥ顣ʹôɵӦԺɫʴ
ںɫз˳ʱȻǰһ䣬ڱÿ
ˣѾĹ֮С̫ʷ˵
ҲܵĻ
طŨŨУһɬʵ
Ǹ֪ص򣬻ܷ֣طĵ쳣ңȱȫĵ
ʥʮ̷Ȼܿͻᷢˡ̫ʷ˵
ʥʮ̷ʮڡһڡֺۿ̫ʷ˵
ţ£鷳ˡ̫ʷ˵
ãͿʼѰ١۵ͷ˵
£۱۾ǿܿ죬򣬱γһԲε㡣
ԿһĻЩ⣬Ҳû̾ͳѯ̫ʷˡѾ˵ˣѰ٣ӦþѰʥʮ̶ڡ
ԾԼðȻѯʣܻŵۡ
ڲѰٵĹУ̫ʷ˶ĵĵȴţû˿˵ŰĻ
ʱʱ仺ȥ
ۣ˫Ŀ⡣
зˡλѣǸҡЩ˷ܵĶ˵
ǰԵ˽
ʥʮ̶֮ǰĹصĵ򣬻жصı仯ʱˣߣܽһЩ顣Щ飬ǣǰѰҵʥʮ̶ڡ̫ʷ˵
ĽͣȻǸġ
һ֮УֻоԴ۶Ĺءʥʮ̶ûʲô˽⡣
ѣǵϣʥʮ̶ѰǿĻԪ̫ۡʷֲһ䡣
ԻȻĵͷѹ̫ʷòѰ١
ҵʥʮ̶ڿֵܳĵص㣬Ƚռݡһȵڳ֣ǱԵһʱС̴˵
ʥʮ̶ڣʱ伫Ϊݡһ̽С΢ĵ飬޷ٽСԣǱʥʮ̶ڳֵĵطغšɶ۸˵
ǰѰٷλãǵ飬ҲǰѰٰɣʵ
ǵģҪʥʮ̶Ķ飬ǰѰ٣ȻӦλõȴ̫ʷͷ
Ϊڿʱ̫ˣǵ飬ûлʥʮ̶ġֺۿ˵һЩǵ飬ҪռڣԱ֤Լܹʥʮ̷
һжǵʥʮ̷ʵ
ܶ࣬ǰӿҲʮ֧ǵ顣ЩǵУҲֻһܹɹʥʮ̶̫ʷԾ˵
ˡ˵
֮˱ǵˣѰҵĵص㡣
󣬾Ե˶ʶüΪص㣬Ѿ֧ǵڡ֧ǵ飬ŵĶţȥʱֻ𲢵


3541 Զһ
̫ʷǵٽ룬Ǵ˵ؾ֧ǵˡ
һǣս
֧ǵҲ̫ʷǵĶ飬̱㽫ӹȻ϶û˵ʲô̬ȼΪԡ̫ʷǵȥһսע޷⡣
̫ʷ;Ե˶һۡ
Եѣô̫ʷѯʾԵ˼
ˣĿҲžԡ
̫ʷǵȻ̫ʷǵĹڣԾΪĹǡ
ĿĴ֧ǵԱɨ֧ĳԱԶд߶ڷԷԲɵĲ߶
ԣԺܿжϳ֧ǵûжά켫֮ĻԪۡ
еˣһά켫֮ӵһά켫ʵ˵
ǵģǵ̫ʷǵ֮ǰһһάǵʵҲӽ̫ʷ˵
ţҪǿҲҲǿϾǱһЩʱ䡣ʥʮ̷ʮڣڰɡ˵
˵˶ʾͬ⡣
ѡ̫ʷۡ
ס۵˵ͷֱ۾֪ص֮Ѱʥʮ̷λõ˿
һΣ˰ʱ䣬֡
λߡ۾˵
˸Ųۡ
֧ǵ̫ʷǵĶ뿪΢΢ɳһֽ䱸Է
պ̫ʷǵڶѰٵص㡣
Ѱʥʮ̷ڵص㣬ô򵥵顣֮ǰѾһЩʱֱȷص㡣ҲҪ֪Ѱңȷȷ·ߡ
ˣ·Ͼ˳ʱ䡣
һü˵
ʥʮ̷λãҲѾռݡ
ǵǵĶ顣̫ʷԵͳĿ⿴ǰǵ顣
˵ص㣬ֻһ֧ǵ顣֧ǵɲ٣ʮ֮ࡣ
ǵһάǵʵǿһֺ˵ǳ֮⣬ʮһǵͷ
ǰʵǿᣬһά켫֮Ƕǿߡ𻷴ۣҲǵɶ۳˵
ǵ˵ͷ
ⲻ̫ʷ𣿡ԷǵУһ
̫ʷ˵ǵɱ˽𻷴ۣϢĻǼٵģ˵ģһɫ켫Ԫۡ
ǵ˽ӽʮԪһά켫֮ǿߡ۵Ծ˵ǵޣ޳֮ͽ
Щţ̫ʷǵʵɱ𻷴ۡҡͷ𻷴˷˲Ŷԡ
ߵľͷۣЦ
ɷǽ˵أ̫ʷԷ˹ʵ
̫ʷǵҲʥʮ̶Ц
Ȼʥʮ̷ȻһͬĹʲô̫ʷü˵
ŶҲǡͷת˵̫ʷǵˣ˵Ҳԡ̫ʷֻҪǰ£ļͷҾǵڴ˵ء
仰ʹõǵϵľͷǷһЦ
̫ʷǵߵˣǶ¶ŭ֮ɫ
ôԸ⣿
Ǿ͹Ȼһȵ
ٹƶȻʮԪֶоԳһ塣
üͷŵĵˣǼת
ˣѰһڡ̫ʷѹŭҡҡͷ˵
ԷΪЩְ˵
Եѣһˡǵһάǵʵǿңǵϵܡ
ǵάǵҲź֮ʵǰǵ̫ʷҡͷԾԽ͡
ѣ鷳Ѱһλá̫ʷֶԲ˵
á۵ͷҪĿѰһʥʮ̷λá
ǹԶһ㣬ûȻһȣ䡣
̫ʷǵˣȻδڵص㣬ˣȴΧ̫ʷǵĶ
Եѣ뿪̫ʷǿѹŭҧ˵
Ŀ˵һۣû˵ʲô̫ʷ뿪
ʥʮ̷ȻʮڣʮڣǶܱ֡
һ˵ʮڣڿ֮ǰǰ߰˸ӡʣµļҪŻᱻǸʱ򣬾Ѿˣڿʱ̫̣߲лἰʱ롣
ЩڱѰٵѶȲһеױ֣еĺѱ֡˵ԽֵڣѰٵѶȾԽ


3542 һȺ
Ȼ²ǾԣѰʥʮ̷ĹУҲռݽ϶ĳɷ֡
ҲмѰڣȴΪöǰֻ֣ǿѰҵʥʮ̷ڱϾֻ̬ܽ
ǵϵߣ̫ʷ˿ȴǵЦø
ҿ̫ʷǵϵľͷһһ˹Ц
ôأǲ˽⡣һҡҡͷı飬˵ǲʣȷе˵ǾһȺ

ȷʵǷһȺ治֪ǻʲô˼
ǵǳ⼸䣬ǹǾ͹ԹԹˣһ̶Ҷ
Ȼǵ̫ʷǸܹȣҲʹﵽά켫֮ĻԪۣʸǵԻһάı˵
̫ʷȷʵʧˣԽԽСҡҡͷ˵ұΪǣܼǵķŭ̲ǳ֡һڽʥʮ̷֮ǰǻܷһʺơ
ϧһȺų򰡣ϧı顣
ҲΪ̫󡣡һ˳һƨ

̫ʷԵȰ˸ˣ뿪ǵռݵĵص㣬һƫƧ֮ء
ۣԼسѰʥʮ̷ڡ
һΣõʱʱ䣬з֡
˸ŲѰһڡ
ϣεڣûǵռݡ˵
˶ͷΡ
Ѿǵռλãǻ϶ǵ롣ԣҪôٴ뿪Ҫôֻܶλá
˲һʱ۾ͣ
һ¶ϲ֮ɫ
ˣ˵
⸽ʥʮ̷ڣ̫ʷʵ
ţӦǲġңڼΪءǵ飬ִܲᷢ˵ء
Ѱٵкܴɷ֡ռݴ˵غ󣬿Ϣⱻ߸֪˵
ĹأǲٵġûЩǵ飬ҲͨĹѰұ
̫ˡ̫ʷҲ
طǵռݵڣ벻Զ̫ʷ˵һ䡣
ǰ룬˵Ǻܽˡ̴۵ͷ
Щ޹ؽҪǰղ˵ģϢȴڿӵ
ǰ˼ʮףȻȫͣ
λѡ
ʥʮ̷֮һӦڴ˴ָָվĵط
̫ʷԵˣѸ߹ȥ
ôǾռݴ˴̫ʷ˵
ûˣ˵һûطȷʵ֮һֺصͷҲʹ÷Ѱ֤һ¡
ΪѾ˵ص㣬֤˴ǲʥʮ̷ڲѵ顣ǴӽԶĵطѰҵʺܵͣҲкǿ
ʱ䣬̫ʷԵȰ˸˾ͿϢȴš˵ѹ͡
ʱƣĹصĻʼԵı仯ĵ֮˽ʱˡϢҲøΪŨ˸еȵĲ
һУԤʾţʥʮ̶ˡ
̫ʷ˵ʥʮ̶ܻʮ֮ڿ

ĹأһȺˣڿУڵʲô
ȺˣʮɡΪ׵ģһɫ۵ӣ롣
ƺһЩһˣ˵
ǣȻҲһ֧ǵ飬ʮɵһ֧ǵ顣ɫ۵ӣǵݡ
ţȷʵЩˡ£ңҵʱ䡣۵ͷϵ˵
ˣʵҲϾʥʮ̷ûпæЦ˵һ䡣
ԣʥʮ̷ûпǻʱѰλáһ˳˵
зˡУһͻȻĿϲ
Ŷ۵ˣתĿߡ
λѣǸߡ룬Ѿһڡٺܿ졣
ߣ
һ˿ٷźߡ
һ߷Уһ߼Ѱ١
ˣǰԶһʥʮ̷ڡָ̧֣ǰ
ʮʱ֮Ⱥ˵ִ˺ڡǣҲڴʱռݴڵһ֧ǵ顣
۵ˣʱֹͣСڿУռڵ֧ǵ顣
ţǵĶ顣۵ü˵һ䡣


3543 Ų
۵˼˵˵Ķ飬ȻҲ۵ˡ
ţ˫Ŀһá
ϱ¶º͵Цݡ
Z֣и
ʱǵ붫Zǵ
Ļɫ۵ĶZҲ买˹ֱʾӦ
ô죿Zǵһͷʵ
ʥʮ̷ڣѱǵǰռݡ˵أ¶Է᲻⡣һ˳˵
ZҲԥ
˵ʵ治ǵǵĶ飬κһάǵZ۶ںֱöԷǡǣΨǵЩɵ
ɵģǵˣǵĹϵǵźάǵǶZǵĴڡ
͵ǵϵʮһͷĿⶼŶZˡʱǵϵˣһܰأȫǶԴ̫ʷǵʱ̬ȡ
ԭܼ򵥡
ZǵһάǵZˣǶά켫֮Ԫۡǵһάǵ֮ʵǿһάǵǾûпʱ
ڣܵĶZǵĶһ
ʱʣ²ˡ
֮صĻ仯ʥʮ̷ڿڼ֮ڡǲռڣǿûʱѰٵڵġZǵѰʥʮ̷ڵĺ߱˵
˵ʵ
ǶZǵ飬˴ЩˡǵִĹصʱʥʮ̷ǼѰٵһڣȴֱǵĶռݡڣʱҵڡ
Z˾
ʥʮ̷Ҫǵ˵ǵҲϧ
޷ʥʮ̷ǵȻʵöࡣ
ZĻZǵľͷһ¶ϲɫ
ߣǽȥZ䣬ǰС
ǵͷǣǵĶԽԽ
ZڣѱҵǵռݡüZ˷йɫʱƵʵ
ʥʮ̷ڣĳһǵСؼ⣬ʵZЦЦ˵ԣһάǵĶÿɣ
Z˼Ҫҵǵˣ˵ZΪ»ִ۲ð
ҲִѹҡȻǵĹϵ
ڣҪǣ뿪˵ءڣҶZǵռˡZ˰֣Цһ˵
ɫ𺣬ԭû˫ľԽԽǵʱԷЧķΧ֮ڡ
˵һ飡뿪ȻǿˡһˣǵܾҪˡZһɱ˵
УͷתһάǵƴɱûôšǣóһڣҲģʥʮ̷ϾҪʽˡ
һ˵ZҪ֧飬ͬռڡ
޴òˣΪǵʵǵǵǿܶ࣬ǲܴӦڵġ
ǣZȴͬ⡣
ʥʮ̷ڿʱݣô˶ռ˴ǲ˶üС
ϻҪ˵ˣ̴ǵ뿪
򣬱ҷ顣ֵǿҲ޷ʱ㣡Zȵ
ˣһƽֲҷ쭣ǿɲ
ãҵǵˡɽڡˮZǺڣջûиάǵZǵƴ
ˣǼˡ
в𣿡Z΢У¶Цݣͳʵ
ңŶZߵǵͷҧߣǣZǵĶõط
ǵһʮߣ뿪ʥʮ̷ڣűߡʱǣᵽǰߵ̫ʷǵ顣Ȼܵǵ˸ӱΪȷʵռݵģȴǱZǵӲ˹ȥ
Ǹô죿
ʥʮ̶ûʱѰˡһǵľͷŵʵǡ
Ĺ֮У޷̽顣
ĻˣˣҵˣǺǣZӵšɫÿ£зŭĵͺ


3544 ⹷
쳣ɲ
ǵϵʮһͷɫҲѿ
ۿʥʮ̷ռݵȴZǵȥǵǵĶ飬ô죿
µʱ䣬Ѱٵڡ
ѵʥʮ̷жôˣ
û취ˡһZ֮󣬶ߵ˵
Ҳܾô׵ķ
λѣʥʮ̷֮ʱ䣬ҪѰڡ˵
Ĺز̽ռ䣬ûгʱѰڡǣѰڣ˳ʵ
˶Էһ˵
ôһ˵ھͷ㶼ˡ
˵˵ͷزȷʵҲֻˡ
ҪʱˣߡǰС
ǵϵھͷ
Ҳʮ˷ֿѰڣҵڵĸɻϺܶࡣǣֿѰڴһصȱݡ
ʥʮ̶ڼڿʱ伫ΪݡǷֿжǼܹҵڣҲ˼ʱϵ
ңֿжͻɢֻһ˵ĻҵڣҲ޷ǵᵽڡ

ǵͷǣٷС
ڷ֮УǵĿⲻϵ̽ܡҪҵģǵۼ֮ءǵۼ˵Ǹطܿһʥʮ̷ڡ
ҵ۾һ㣬ɱ˿֮˵
ھͷӦ
쿴
ͻȻһڶ
Ǳˣƺһ֧ǵ飬ûüһȻ򲨶ǵͷ΢΢Щ
еˣҲǸط
ٹȥɵȥ
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˵û̫ʷǵĶȷʵԵٺ٣ǲ򲨶˵˵غܿһڡһͷЦ˵
λѣ˴ȷʵڡǵϣѰʥʮ̷ڵԪۣ֤һ㡣
̫ʷǵķҲȻѰٵһصڡһЦ
ԶһЩĵط޷ѰٵѾ˵ط֤Ͳѵˡ
̫ʷ˳̹һ䡣
Щˣʲôǣռһ𣿡ɶü˵
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˴ҵǵռݡһ֣Ե˵һɺͷļơ
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仰Ͼ֮ǰZ˵ġ
ǵǵĶ飬ѾռһڡΪʲô̫ʷǵռݵڣֺ۳
ֺôһʣɫһӺֺ۲ʻãһʣòѹµŭڵһȼ
ǵϵľͷۣҲ¶׺ݵĿ⡣
ԶZǵҪװӣҪڣ̫ʷǵͣ
̫ʷǵҿŭȵȫӿɱ졣
ŪȺ̫ʷǵķٷϻƵķء
Ǻǣ⹷Ŀǹġ
һͻȻ
˵ģȻ̫ʷǵͷԴۡ
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⹷
ǵˣֱԼǲˣ̫ʷǵ߸˵ĻңǶԵ˵ġ
΢һ£žԣƺһûܷӦ˾


3545 նɱ
ôң
˭ôĵӣ
ˣС
ڶݵ֮󣬵ŭɶЫһ㶢žԣ·Ҫɡ
ţԷ·û˵ķŭֵ˵һ䡣
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㣬˭Щɳơ
Ҫ֪Լ˭
̫ʷǵԡԱԼݡ
Цһ
ãܺã
ҵʱ㣬㣬㡭ȫˡ֣ڳ̫ʷǵˣ׶ޱȣȫҪڽ죬ȫҪ
УҴʥʮ̶һȥ̫ʷǵǵϵÿˡԣÿˣÿ˶ҪķŭҪضȼ
ΪZǵʥʮ̷ڣѾѹŭˡڣŭȷʵǱԸ׵ļҲ޷ס
̫ʷȫǰͷģٷŹȺˡ
Ҫ̫ʷǵȫɱ
ǡ㲻лˡҡҡͷ˵
ȥɣСһȴһ֣תʩչϮɱȥ
Ҫһն¾ԵԴйͷ֮ŭ
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硣Կеһȡ
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̫ʷǵľͷ֮УǵһμԳ֡ȻҲ̫ʷ˿֪ԴѾǶά켫֮ĻԪۣһɱ˽𻷴ۡ
δۼṆ̀ʱһ˫۾žԡ
Կдһͺ
ںɱǬǧػ˲Ϣײһ
ʱǵϵھͷۣδʶԴһά켫֮ĻԪۡǻţһ⾰ɱ
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ǵǵϵĻԪۣеϢȻѹĿŽϮɱȴֵסܣһѰһά켫֮Ԫۣﵲס
ܣǵϵľͷۣȫ׹һ𣬶Ĵ߶ٶȺԶݡ
ת˲֮䣬һȺǵϵľͷۣʧøɸɾֻʬ塣
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ɱ𻷴۵ʱ򣬾ԵյԪǶʮڣѾﵽʮһ֮ࡣ۳˵
Źȥǧʱ䰡۵
λѡԿ˵ɱ𻷴ۣʲô鷳ǣɱͲһˡǵϵܣܡǵı
ԵѣɱҲû취顣ѡ˲Ǿ޷ʥʮ̷ˡ̫ʷҡͷ˵Ϊ˽ʥʮ̷ûеڶѡҲҿԵʵǿᣬǾ뷴


3546 
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ǵʵ̫
Ծնɱ£ֺ۵˺ε˼˵ǵıΣʵڲУ̫ʷǵǡ
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Եѣ㲻Ϊ˶롣Դ£ֻҺ͸мλѣҲ̫ʷǵλά켫֮ĻԪ̫ۡʷɫ˵
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ǸʵҲᶯ֡
˷׷˵
Ե˵ͷ󽫵ǵͷԴ˹˳㽫ʬ峹׻
ʱֹ졣
һգĹأһɺ嫵Ŀռǡ
ռһʥʮ̷ڵľԵˣҲо񡣴Ҷ֪ʥʮ̷ϾҪˡ
ռ۵ǿʢһ̡
ˣ

Ĺأ
ռ䣬·һһռ䣬ʱǱۿɼЩռ䣬඼Ʋͺһչһ
ڳˣ̫ʷһȡ
ֻڵλϿգһɫ
Уʥʮ̷֮һ
죬룡
ಣ
̫ʷֺ۵ˣû˿ԥͳɣٶȳСԣҲһͬת˲֮䣬̫ʷǵİԪۣͬʱ뵽֮ڡ
ֹգʱ䣬ɫʧռ֮һʱڱָƽ
ĹأָֻԭӣһƬ
ʥʮ̷ڴ򿪣ӳֵʧʱԼҲգ۵ʱ䡣
̫ʷԵˣһĿռ֮ڡһƬɫΪɫĿռ䣬һЩطɫŨúѪҺ
λѣʥʮ̶ˡ̫ʷ˵
̫ʷǵϵЩͷҲ̫ʷͲۣǵһνʥʮ̷ˣȫǵһΡǰǴδʥʮ̷
λһڴܵĻ
֮أ𣿡Գʵ
û֮صĴţʥʮ̷ڡ֮أ򵥡̫ʷ˵
һΣ֪ж˽ʥʮ̷̫ʷ˵һ䡣
СģͻȻһ
ͬʱͷųһǿߵƿ
˸ոձԵƳԭأͿվĵطһȦ޺ɫĻ档һȦ棬Լһ㣬˵֮бø״
ԼĪ˺ʱ䣬ŽʧƬطȴǺ޺ۼ
Եѣл̫֮ʷԹ˵
ĪǾʥʮ̶ľ𣿡ֺʵ
ԣǾ𡣡̫ʷ˿صͷ˵
ǾԵǰ֪˾Ǽˣܵͻᱻһ롣̫ʷ˵
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ʲô̧üʡ
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ԵѣһصǳĿֲһά켫֮ĻԪۣѵסĻ档ֺ۶ԾԽ˵
ǰʥʮ̶֮ڣ䱦ڶ࣬صΣգҲĹظ߳ʮٱСģҲڴˡ̫ʷͷ˵
ⲻΣʵ
ʥʮ̷еߣÿһζ൱һ֣ȻΪ˻ᣬΪһ;ߵøԶǻǰ̵Ҫʥʮ̶
һδԿ˿ܣʵ
Եѣʥʮ̷ûʲôĿĵءΨһҪģѰҶаı̫ʷžԵ
֮أü
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ˡôǾʥʮ̷ѰԵͷ
ˡ̫ʷЦЦ
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ǡһǰһƬռ䡣
ǰԶˣڸƶ
죡׷ȥԪ򣡡̫ʷغ
ಣ̫ʷǵͷۣͬʱ߶ǰƶ׷ȥ


3547 ǵ
⼸ٶȼΪˡ
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֮УԵķٶġά켫֮ǿߣ˵ȫλѹһά켫֮Ԫ۵ġ
ģԽӽ˼żƶԪ߶һԪ
ֺķһЩʱ䣬ԳɹһԪ׽
ԿסԪ֮ʶ֮̽漴ЩԾʶǿȣȻ޷͸Ҳ˵̽顣
ԵѣǵʱȻɢ̫ʷھԺ󷽺
ţĿһ
󣬾ûԥ̫ʷġ
תķǿձƵԪ
Ԫպ󣬱һֹ̽ʧ壬˲䱻Ը֪
Իûü룬򣬱ûٿ֮£ں˸ոյԪ򡣽Ƭʱ䣬յԪ򣬱㱻ա
ʮԪ
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ͷһԵ˫Ŀ֮оŷ
ٶȣٶȷ׷Ǽ
ʱ̫ʷҲɹĲ׽һֻԥոս䲶񣬱һǿеĶա
̫ʷǵˣڼ׷ÿ˶ٶȼ˼ޣ쵽ٿ졣
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׷ڶʱȻ֣ԭ֮мٷеļ򣬾׵ϢˡִＸʧλʱϸ鿴ȴûܷʲôۼ
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β׽ֻоԺ̫ʷֱջһˣֻ̾Ϣһˡ
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Чʲô˼Բ⡣
ǡող׽ǵǲ֮ǰδյԪ򣿡̫ʷ˵
ǵġǰҲδԪ򡣵Щֽǵ򣿡Ե˵ͷһ⡣
ǵģǣֿǡһŵԪ򣬽ǵ򡣴Ҳʥʮ̶ھܹġԵѣá̫ʷϲԵ
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Ҳ뾰ԵѵʵйءǼеǰǶ׽ʧˡҡҡͷ̾Ϣһɬı˵
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̫ʷͷǰһԪѾչġˣûκô
˵仰̫ʷֿЦЦ
ˣҲҡҡͷ
˵Щ֮УԵʥʮ̶ջ󡣡̫ʷ˵һԵʵǿǶά켫֮׽ǵ򣬱ҪɵöࡣԵյԪԽ٣׽ЧԪļȻ͸󡣡
˵û
ȷʵˡ
̫ʷǵͷ۷׷׵ͷ
ԵĿҲʵʥʮ̶ǵ򣬳ֵļʺܸ𣿡
Ϳˡããֱʥʮ̷رգϼΡԵ˵ǵֵĸʻǲ͵ġ̫ʷԾԽ˵
ţղǵ֮ǰ̽飬ȴֲܳɹ˵
ǵڱ֮ǰȷʵǲ̽ġı棬һʵǿһ̶ȣƿɣһˣ޷̽ǵڲġ
ңǵ򼴱㱻߲׽ˣʱյҲֱɢ
ԵҲˣǷ׷ļǵֱӾڿռʧˣ޺ۼǾơ̫ʷ˵
ˣѹַŵղ׽ǵ򡣡صĵͷ˵
ţһ׽ǵ򣬱㲻Ҫκԥաһĵ飬ǵ򶼿ɢǾͰײ׽ˡȲ׽ǵԺ̽о͸ߣǲܵ顣ά켫֮ĻԪۣҲȫЩǵ򡣸ά켫Ԫܲһ㣬ҾͲˡЩ̫ʷľ̸֮Ͼʥʮ̶ǵ˽һЩ


3548 ά
Ȼ˵ǽǵʥʮ̷ˣ봢һʱ䶼С
߲ǵ֮Ӧ̽աЧЧֻܿ˵
˴̫ʷǵǵ򣬾Ժ̫ʷ˷ֱ𲶻һԾ˵ǵЧġ̫ʷԣǵЧġ
ǵ޸ߵ֮𣬹ؼڲǵ֮ǰǷѾ˴Ԫ
̫ʷ˵ûյԪԽ٣ǵиļЧġ
ֺۺ˳ʮԪĻԪۣǼ㲶׽ǵǴҲǶЧġ
ô˵ʥʮ̶ֱܹӲԪǷǳ˵ġ
ѹ֣ôԪ۲ϧ۵Ҳʥʮ̶оĿΣգҲס˽ʥʮ̷ľġ
̫ʷǵˣڽ̸һ󣬼·ѰһԵ
ڽʥʮ̶ʮ̫֮ʷǵ飬һ֧ǵ顣
̫ʷˣ֧ǵҪܿѾˡ
ʥʮ̶֮ڣĹһߵ޷ɢ޷ȥʹãͷŵľޡ
֮ǰԺ̫ʷǵҲڽӽǵ֮󣬲
ú
̫ʷԷΪ۹ּ񣬴ֽúǻúǵĵ
̫ʷú̫ʷ΢΢˵ͷ
úнӽʮԪۣԶ켫֮ӵ켫ʵĻԪۡ
ʵϣúǵ켫֮ĻԪʮҵġֻǣ˴вֻúǵľͷûܼʱʥʮ̷ֻһ֡
úĿ⣬˿̫ʷˡ񣬶ھԵϡ
أλǾԴ˰ɣúžԣ˵
úҲ֪̫ǵľԴۣ̫ʷʵ
Ǻǣڽʥʮ̶ǰ죬žԴ֮ġúЦЦ
˵Դۣɱ˵ú˵
ǵˣҪ̫ʷǵڣԵѲѳ̫֡ʷǵ˵仰н͵˼
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ţλǲԴ۵ʵ֪ĻǲǵΪˡ
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̫ʷǫˣ̫ʷǵǶάǵˡźҲǰеǵˡúЦ˵Ŀֿ˿ԡ
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лúѣǻӱСĵġ̫ʷæл
úֵ˵ͷߵĽӽʮǵͷ뿪
ά켫һ䡣
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ǵģúǵάǵúˣλ켫֮ĻԪۡź򣬻úǵǵǲеǿǵ̫ʷͷ˵
šʥʮ̷Ȼôǵ顣ǵ飬ͺ鷳ˡüЩĵ˵
ԵҲ̫ģʥʮ̶ǷΧǺܴܴġúǵ飬ɺϡ
ʵǾǵ飬ѡ̫ʷ˵
һ仰̫ʷû˵ǣ֮شų֣ǵ鶼ǰ֮شţǿ϶ˡ
Ĺصʱ򣬾ɱֹʱ䣬Ĺزʽʱ䣬նɱϢֵú˶УҲ顣
żȻúǵ̫ʷԵˣ·ʥʮ̷Ѱ䱦
ھԵ˽ʥʮ̷ڲһº̫ʷǵ飬ڶǵ
һΣ̫ʷǵߣ˲ǵ
Բһ̫ʷһҲһ
ԺϲõǣڶβǵЧ򡣲ңԪеһˣԪѴﵽ˰ֻһȫԪ򣬵ά켫֮
̫ʷģβԪЧβǵĻᣬں޼ֵ


3549 е㲻˼
۲ǵЧ̫ʷǵͷĽı۹һ
ǽʥʮ̷һʱ䣬ǵǵֵĸʣȷʵ͡˵
ţڿǵȷʵܺáǡҵƺЩˡ̫ʷεҡҡͷʧ˵
ǵȻΪЧԪȷʵԲһЩ
Ļֻܶ࣬ǸոտʼЦЦ˵
Щǵ̫Ѳˣ漴ٶǵǼҲѽ䲶񰡣ֺЩɥ˵
ֺ֣ҲҪɥʵǵ򣬲ȫʵҲռһ֡Եֶά켫֮ĻԪۣܸɵĲǵ򣬵Щһά켫֮ĻԪۣҲûлᡣֻҪǵڵʱ΢һ㣬ÿ˶лᲶǵ򡣡̫ʷֺЦ˵
ֺ۵˵ͷ
պ̫ʷǵٴ˾һΣּʱˣ̫ʷǵһ˱˱ھ֮С
Եѣھ֮ǰܾ׼ĸ֪̫ʷ˶žԡ
һξǵʱǻû̫⣬ϾǶά켫֮ĻԪۣǱǿܶࡣɵڶΣԴּʱǣ˲ò˼ˡ
ȷʵܹ֪Եͷ˵
⡭֪ά켫֮ĻԪۣҲÿζǰ֪𼴽̫֡ʷ
Ŷ΢⡣
оԵڣʥʮ̷ڣΣյС˺ܶࡣֺЦ˵
뾰Եѵйء˵
Եѵ壬ѵܱά켫֮ĻԪ۸ǿɶ˵
ά켫֮ĻԪ۸ǿ϶Ѱά켫֮ĻԪ۸ǿۿɶ˵
ʱֹ˼졣
һգ̫ʷǵĶ飬Խϵ͵ٶȷС
УͻȻͣͫף΢΢һ
Եѣôˣ̫ʷԵʶĸ澰ԵĿ⿴ȥȴʲô֡
ʲôԵģ̫ʷһ䡣
ˣҲžԡ
ǰԶˣһЩڡü˵
ţѵǵ飿ֺ˵
ߡҡҡͷǹȥ
Ƭ̺
ǡź̫ʷ΢΢һ˾˵Ķ
ź
ʲôźʲôϵ𣿡Բ֪źǺ
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źȻź
Եѣźźơź̺ͬ߿תǵİ޴󡣡̫ʷԾԽ͡
źļֵź޷ȵġĹضڣֻʥʮ̷ڲſ֮ҲźǶû֮ء̫ʷ
ǵķǳáЦ
ٹȥźҹζࡣɶ˵
ಣԵӰѸٵִź
һźۣɫ⣬ȷʵźһģһڴСϣҲͨź൱ȫ볬źȴС
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Եѣա̫ʷԾ˵
ź̺ͨźɣһ䡣
ţϣͨźࡣϣźźİٱ̫ʷͷ˵
ǰ˸ˣÿʹźһʱԿżˡ
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Ȼ˵źǼֵ޷ıǼ뾰Եֺͬۼ˵
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Եѣܽʥʮ̶Ϊڡ㣬Ȼǲùǵʥʮ̶޷룬͸Ҫ˵ЩԴˡΪԵӦõøࡣ̫ʷ˵
ͬ⡣
ţҲͬĻ
ҾԵѻǶά켫֮ĻԪۣǸߡ
˷׷׿ڡ
̫ʷ˵ԶЩ˼ˡ
Ϊʹͬʱ䣬յźضҲ˶ܶ࣬ͺ񵱳̫ʷǵǶ䳬źһ
λѲض˵Ͱ˵ģÿʹһʱţգһ֣̬ȼ˵
Ծźֱһ̧ͷźγɸϡ


3550 켫
ձת
ǲܵ飡
ź֮󣬾Աתķ̺
ǿǿ
źոӿڣбͷƷ֮ߣ˵ͨźǳźҲԶԶȡ
̫ʷ˵źߵ޴˿š
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Ȼ̫ʷǸ⣬ԻǾȾܵĶź֮˶ʧԺԻһֲǡ
һʱ󣬾ʱ˶źգȥϣ
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ԵڶʹźʱûٷաΪһź̺ϲǺܶࡣ˴ȫգֱֻӾܽź⡣
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ϾԵ͸ҵɵҸо켫֮ңѽˡֺĿⶸȻһ
ֺ֣ʥʮ̷ȥʱ򣬾켫֮ˡʮԪһ켫ֱӾǶһά켫ǿˡ̫ʷ˵
Ҳˡ̫ʷֿ˵һ䡣
ţҲо켫ԶˡЦŵͷ
߰ɣ˵ǰ治Զһź̫ʷĿ⿴ǰ˵
źУгźźУûгźУʵ
ոյõź̫Сˣ񳬼źôźǿɾˡ
ҲȷûгźǰҲ˵ʥʮ̷ҵź̫ʷҡͷ˵
ջһ䳬źǿɾͷˡ곬źʥʮ̷̹رնСЦһ
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˽ʥʮ̷ĵ£ǵһγֵǵǰҪܶ࣬ʱҲһЩ
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ֺͻȻЦһ
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죬ͻˡֺۣ켫֮ˡ
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ҵô˵
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ѣأֿۡ
̫ʷǵľͷУʵ̫ǿǣҲȽ⡣֮ǰĹѰʥʮ̶ڣҪǿңβ׽ǵ˵ĳЩ棬ȷʵһά켫֮Ԫۡ
Чġ۵Ļشܼ򵥡
˵¶һĽȻһ֮Ļ

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˵ڣһɫĸߴӰӣѳˡɫӰӣٵ˱ƽ
ţ켫𣿡ĿŽɫӰӣͳ˵
ǣǡ켫ã̫ʷɫЩף˲С


3551 ֲŹ
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һãһŹǡ˳ԾǣһŹǾܹĻǿڶͷų
켫ãĪ켫֮Ԫ۵Źǣ۾һ
Եѣ˵û켫ãȷʵ켫֮Ԫ۵ŹǡǰʵΪǿ켫ǿߡ̫ʷ˵
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ԵѣǵðΧסĻΧܵѹĻΧԽսԽǿ
ϣһ켫ãʵ̫ǿ̫ʷ˵ټ졣
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ɫã븡ÿռУ̵ٶȣʱƬ̺󣬾ȫͣסζŽµԴʧȥ˾ԵЩĿꡣ


3552 
̫ʷ˶Բ۾켫á
ʵֲĽɫãʼԭشת
ԵҲʶԼ깥켫ƺЧ켫ڸڵı֣Ȼ޷Ӹѳġ
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λˡ԰֣ЦЦ˵ɱ켫ãǴһġһˣɱ켫õġ
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켫ã켫֮Ԫ۵ŹǡΪʲôһ⡣
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Ĺص켫ǿŹǣᱻһ¸Եѣʵֻʥʮ̶ڣĹأҲ켫áȻ켫Ǻġ֪ʥʮ̷ڣһҲ켫á̫ʷԾԽ͵
治֪˵ã̫̫ʷЦЦ
켫ãʵ̫ǿˡĹУֹһЩ켫ãҲһάάսɣ۽̫ʷĻ˵
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3553 ʥ̶
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֮УԴʥ̶̶ˮ߶֮£лںϵơ


3554 ά
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ӽʱ䣬ûǵҲûźǾ𣬼һΡγֵľ𣬸ǷΧǰζҪ󡣾估ʱѣٶһ㣬㱻һ¡


3555 ֮
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֮شѾ֣άǵǵ飬Ȼǰ֮šֵ֪̫ʷǵɱ˵
ԣ˫һ֮ǵķӦ붼Ҳ֪ǵ϶̫ʷǵб
֮أҪȥġ˵
ԵѣҪξͱȥˡֵά켫֮ǿߣ֮ǰѾά켫֮ȥ»⡣̫ʷž˵
ǰʥʮ̶ٿûҪһҪȥ֮ءֺҲȰ˵
ü
Եѣǲû㣬ǼѾھ֮ˡֻǾãûбҪȥðա̫ʷ˵һҪȥҲԸͬȥ
ԣԵǼҪȥǾ͸ȥˣһ۵
ˣҲͷˣžԡ
ȴҡҡͷ˵̫ʷλѡʵԼȥͿˣǲͬȥ
У
ôУ
Ҫȥһȥ̫ʷ˵
ģһȥͿԡǷģǸֵԳ֣ɱңҲô򵥵顣˵Ҵ򲻹Ҳܡֵܷ֮ܲز룬һֱʥʮ̶ռ׷ɱҰɣЦЦ˵
̫ʷһ˵ƺҲе
ǡԵѣֵά켫֮ĻԪۡһ֣㡭л𣿡̫ʷǺܵġ
ֵά켫֮Ҳά켫֮Ц
ʲô
Եѣ˵ʲô
ά켫֮Ѿά켫Ԫˣ
̫ʷ仰Բ۾žԡ
ȥôоһԴ۸ոսź̫ʷǵʱ򣬲ֻ˶ʮԪһά켫֮Ԫ۰


3556 ջ
Դ۽źŶʱ䣿
ά켫֮
ԴڲŶͣά켫֮ĻԪۣ
ȫԪ֮Уά켫ȻǴڵά룬ҲǾһĴڣ
ʵҲҵȽϺãʥʮ̶ǵźԴҲܺܿ͵ά켫֮˵
̫ʷֱžԣð춼û˵
˺һʱ䡣
Եѣǡ֪˵ʲôˡ
ţȻԵά켫֮Ǹһͬǰ֮ţȷʵֻ׸ˡ̫ʷ˵
ֵҲά磬άѾܾúܾˡ֣һҪСġǲУһҪ̳ߡ̫ʷ˵
˵ûԵѣʣڲֵò˶೤ʱ䣬ܳԽֵˡֺ˵
ʵҾãò˶ʱ䣬ԵѾܴﵽά켫֮ˣۼı顣
ˣҲıͷʾͬ
Цҡҡͷ
άǴﵽάż
ڵǰԪ˾ԪԪһԪӵൽھԪ򣬶ֻһ
ԴҪάصԶǣܹٵõ켫Ķ
ˣ˵ˣɣλѣҶǰ֮ţѰһԵԶ˵ҲҪСǾ𣬻켫á
ԵѲصǡǽʥʮ̶ξһ켫áٲҲ˰ɡ˵֮ѳ֣ʥʮ̶ڵҲ֮󽵵ˣϲٳ־֮Ķˡ̫ʷЦһ
ֶ˵˵ͷӰһ켫֮ŷжȥ
켫֮ų֣ƥϢɢʥʮ̶ƫƧ䣬Ҳȷ֮ŵķλ
ڵλþ֮ȻǽԶġ֮ţķԽ϶ʱ䡣

ʥʮ̶ռ䣬һɢŻɣϢϹŴţںɫ֮ϡ
ŵɫΪīɫ
ǿͨϹš
֮ţ֮صڡ
ʱ֮ŵǰвߵӰǣźǵϵߡ
ʱǧ˰꣬ڡл֮ˡһɫ۵ߣͳ˵
Ŀ⣬֮š
˵ĻпȻ֮ءʱ䣬ǧ˰֮ǰ
˴ν֮أܵάߵһǵߣ˵
Ҿãܹά켫֮һ˸ž˵
ɫ۵ߣǶά켫֮Ԫۣź򶫷ǵĵ
ûô׵ġҡҡͷ

ʱ򣬴Աߴһ
תĿȥ¶Ц˵ú
úոմŻúǵʮߣ֮ŵǰ
ú˴νʥʮ̶ջΣЦʵ
԰ɣǵ򡣿ϧֻһЧúЦЦ˵ջرǴöɣ
úνʥʮ̶ֻһǵ򡣡ǵһͷЦŶԻú˵һź
⻰úͻúǵˣ̱¶Ľ֮ɫ
ź
ϿźƺǲֱӲǵ򡣵ǣǵ򲢲ôײ׽ġҾ㲶׽ɹҲδЧġյԪԽ࣬ǵЧʾԽ
ԣźֶҪǵǿ켫֮ڴ
ú簡һһ
ֻһɫ۵ߣһ֧ǵִ
ˣǵĵۣһά켫֮ĻԪۡңǽӽά켫֮ˡ
ֵҲԺߵ˵ͷ
úǶֵ˹˵ֵһΪβ֮ˡ
֮ţôܣһţά켫֮ءֵЦһ
ֵջΣúЦʵ
ǵ򡣡ֵ۾һ˵
ֵǲô̵ʱڣǵ򡣡úͷ˵΢΢üǵĶףǵνʥʮ̶ߣôô٣


3557 ˭
ǵߵֵˣŽ˸ˡ
ǵֲСǵΪһάǵȻֻ˸˽뵽ʥʮ̶ռɣ
úʳ仰ֵ֮ɫʱ˼֡
ǻش˵һ켫ãѶԸΪɱάʵ켫ãǵһЩ֡
ΪµķֵҲΪջ
ԣҲ켫òɱΪ켫õļֵҲʹõһֵ
켫ּѱɱһʮֵΣա
û취ֻҪ켫ãݻ٣һֱ׷ɱЩߡάʵ켫ãɳٶȣȴά켫֮ĻԪۻҪһЩ
ֵûбİ취ֻǵ켫ġ۾ǣǵһսʧˣлһά켫֮ĻԪۡ
ɴ˿ɼҪɱһ켫жôѡ
ֻά켫ãά켫ã֧ǵ鶼ȫû
Ҫ̫ʷǵݻһάʵ켫ãǲܵ顣Ƕǵά켫ãҲȻḶصĴۣܴݻά켫á
ֵĻش𣬻úɫҲ΢΢һ䣬һԼǵû켫á
Ƕϵıƽпûбô⡣
⼸ǵ˵һάά켫ǻ˵άά켫ãͱضкܴ鷳
ֵҲջʥʮ̶ռ䣬Σմڡ˵Σ档ֵдġúЦЦ˵
ϣ˰ɣֵ˵ͷ
֮شţжòŻῪֵֿ򶫷ʵ
˵ڵ֮ţܻһ
Ǿһ졣ֵͷ
ν֮أʲôµ˵ú򶫷ʵ
ʵ˵ɣȺ˳ԸʵΪ׼˵
úֵˣԺ϶ֳϲɫԸʵ˳ĻˣضǿԽ֮ˡ˵ʵҲڶ֮¡ǵϳ˵֮⣬ͷ۵ʵǿ
л
Ʒ˾塣
úֵ򶫷л֮顣
˰֣û˵ʲô
֮⣬ģʥʮ̶ǵԽԽࡣ
άǵZǵĶ飬ҲڶZ֮šZǵĹ˵ǵڵǸǵ
˵ǶZǵǿ˵ǵռݵλãǵǵҲͲ̫ʷǵӾͻԲᱻԳһնɱ
мһάǵ飬Ҳ֮⡣
Ȼʵһάǵ鼴֮ţҲûл֮ء֮صĻᣬôɾܵõġΪÿ֮ؿܽеơһƣ˱޷֮ͨŽ֮ء
һάǵ֮⣬Ͼǿ֡ҲԼ֮ܽصĿԺܵ͡
˵Ƕά켫֮ĻԪۣδ֮ܽء
ˡȺУ˳
ףôһ˹
ѵ֧ǵȫûʣһ˻ˣ
ĸǵߡ
ܽʥʮ̶ģ϶ǵߡˣʵΪǿ󣬷޷ռڵġ
ȻҲһֿܣ㷢һǳصڣʥʮ̶֮ǰֻһ˷ڡָʣȻҲǼͼ͵ġ
û
ţҲûİס
ѵźǵߣźߣ
̫һ֪ˡ
֮ߣ۽̸š
ոյߣȻ̫ʷ˷ֿľԡ
Ѿôˣܡǵϵ˰ɣһ¡
ߴԵʱ򣬾ԵĿҲЩɨ
С˭ֵžԣͳߵһߡ
Ҳûˣ֪ܹһЩǵһͷֵۣ˵
λ̫ʷǵϵľԴۡһͻȻ
˵ģǼԵĻúɫ۵άǵȻҲǵһμԱˣ³˾Եݡ


3558 һҲ
úʱܲµԵݣΪ̫ʷˡ
ʱһ˵ִ֮ŵġ
ţǸ̫ʷǵ˾ԣֵһɫ˲
Ӧ̫ʷǵľԴˡĿȻھϡ
ܺãСӾ֮šе㵨ӡֵĿɱ֡
úú˹֡
֮ЩУֻʶúȻúǵߡ
ǺǣԵѣּˡúԾЦЦ
ھԸոյʱ򣬻úδ̾͵Եݡһ㿴úԾԻ㲻Ϊúֵ֪ԾԵ̫ʷǵ߻кĵ⣬˵Ե֣ȻԾԲ
ȻͲ³˾Եݡ
úʶӣֵú
Ŷǰǻúǵ飬ʥʮ̶ռ̫ʷǵ顣ԣ뾰ԵѼһ档úشֵ⡣
ֵ˵ͷ
ֿԣСӣôһˣ̫ʷǵأĪǣȫˣ
üֵ˵ʲôˣ
ԵѣλֵúԾ˵
ԭֵֵĴ׹ԻȻıʵֵ֮ǰ˵ĻѲ³˾ֵ
Сӣ˵ûû˵ٶ࣬ҲǱ
Сӻе㵨ǣҿԸһѡԼĻᡣֵĵ
ֵⷬʲô˼ƺһμֵ㡣ֵ֪Ϊζôĵ⣿۾ʵ
ʲôԼֵȵ
ֵλԴۣʲôìܴ𣿡ֵʵ
ʵ̫ʷǵǵìܵԭǹʵġ
Сӣɱ˵һĶֵŭ˵
ԭѹֵ˵ķŭ˵ͷ
°ûǵȷʵǱɱġŵǵĳԱҪ̫ʷǵռݵڡѣֻܳ֡ʵ㣬ԱɱˡԽ˵
ҹô࣡ɱ˵ҾҪɱ㡣գ㼴һɣҲֵ˿ȵ

ԭ¼̫ʷǵ߾ԡ
֪ˣ
˵ǰһʱ䣬ǽ𻷴۾̫ʷǵ֮⡣𻷴۵ʵǶ֪ģ̫ʷǵȻ̫ɱ𻷴ۡԣ𻷴۰˳ɾԴС
ţеû뵽˿ᣬʵȴǺǿĪǣѵά켫֮ˣ
ӦǶά켫֮ɣôɱأ䲻Ƕά켫֮һά켫֮УǶ⼶Ĵۡ
ԴۣҼĶά켫ǿߡֵǰǶά켫֮ҲɰֵΪġ
治֪Ϊʲô֮šѵֵ֪һ֮ŵ𣿡
϶֪һ㣬̫ʷǵôûǾֵ
λԴۣԼͷ𣿡
ά켫֮ĻԪۣܵסֵУ
ֵά켫֮ĻԪУҲǶεġһά켫ۣ֮ԵסһаɣãֵܵС
֮ǵߣĽ̸š
ǿ̫ʷǵľԴۣȷʵǱˡֵǰܵĻᶼС
һЩ˾þ޴ΪͲӦ֮šֵ֪ﻹͶԼ

ֵĻȴǸֳһĨЦ⡣
ֵ
ֵĪǲˣĿֵ˵
Ǻǣ㣬ҲΣƾ㣬ҽֵЦһ˵ɱ˵ʱӦ뵽һ㡣
Сӣ˰Ҫһ㾴η֮ĵģ򣬻õģֵ˵
ɱԳ֣ŪˡһǵĻԪۣмɨžԣתͷֵ˵
ˣǵһά켫֮ĻԪۡǵλά켫֮ĻԪۡеһˣѾڲ֮ǰ켫õĴսСˣǵϻŵΨһĶά켫֮Ԫˡ֣ʮʮۡ
ʮҲþǶά켫֮ԪۣΪԼĶ֡
ãԳʮ۵ıֻᡣԣֵսҪնɱ
ֵ˿ʮۣʮ۵ʵǱȽϷĵġЩŪԡ


3559 ӭ
˵ûжǵúǵڣֵضԥԳֻɱԡ
ֵҲҪˡ
±ǵ˵ԴС
ǺǣֵλԴϢΪᣬȣͿ˵ǺСˡҿ磬ǵϵʮ뾰Դдд衣ЦŶֵ˵
ֵ˵ͷ
û˵ʲô˼ҲȽԡ
ʮѣǾ鷳ɱСӡֵʮ۵
ͷĵĽҡɱţɱСɱͱȽϺʡʮı֤
仰˵֮ʮ۱Ǵǵ̤ߵ˾ӭԵĵط
СӼˣɱңʮۡ㲻ԹޣҪԹޣҲֻԹԼǧ򲻸ãɱ˵ѡɱѵһעһˡʮ۾žԣл˵
ʮۣҪɱңԿŶԷʵȷڣ
ЦСӣʵʵ׼ɣʮȡԼ׼ԾԳ֡
ǵϵߣʼ²˭ʵǿߣǶʮʵǿԲʮ۵Ķ֡
ϾԴۼǶά켫֮ĻԪۣάʱҲܺܳʮۣȴʸĶά켫ǿߡ
ͻúҲųмֵˡ
ھͺãôʮۣӭɣԿеͳ˵
һ׽˲С
ǬһԴ߶΢
ûʵս磬ûжǬǧػ
Ϊһά켫֮ĻԪۣҪɱһά켫֮ߣͨ˵Ǻɵ顣οԶԪĿƣɲһ켫ǿܱȵġ
ʮˣʸά켫֮ߣά֮Զúܡ¾ûάҲǾԵĶ֡
Ǭһ۵Ľ⣬ʮϮɱȥʮ۵ʮ۵ֶΣƬʱ䶼ûȡͱǬһĽ⴩͸
ʲô
ʮɫ䣬д
ۣǬһĽ⣬ʮ۵û
һУ
ֻһУǵά켫ǿʮۣ㱻ԴնɱھԴǰʮۣ޵ֵ֮
ʮ۱նɱʱֵסֶ֡ûüΪȫûԤϵ˵ķչ
ʮ뾰Խ֮ǰֵʮгĵġٲãʮ޷һɱԡʮ۱ɱôܣ
ʵȴǣʮ۱һնɱ
ǵߣɵۡ
ʮˣ
Դһɱˣ
ɢҩɾˡһֻһ
ôоԴתԪƺﵽά֮ҵĴ𣿡
ҲӦˣԴ۵ԪѾԳһ塣ƺά֮켫ǿߣ
֮󣬿е
úĿУЩþԣУһ㲻ϣɱġʵ̫࣬ҲԲΪ˾ԶǵͻԲúǵľͷۡ
ˣû뵽ԵѾȻά켫֮ĻԪۡú˵
ɶ㡭ֵɫī˱ס
ǵǰ켫ôսʱˣʮά켫֮ǿߣҲ˾ԵСǵʧ̫ˣʧԳܣǵԳܡ
ৣֵ֡
ڣӿ
ڳˣֵ׺ݵĳ˹ȥ
СӣҪĶȻѾάΡصùֵŭ֪ά֮ĻԪۣȻʮȥ뾰Խ֡
ֲֵܲǵصѹ˹ɫ΢΢һ̨֡
ֵά켫֮ԪۣǲҴ⡣
վųеľԡû˵ʲôֻĿвʱһ˿ʣҲ֪һЩʲôھɱʮ۵ʱ򣬶ϣҲоı鸡ֹ
ֵԳˣԴҲά켫ֵ֮Ķ֡һúǵߣԻú˵
ţԴյԪ̫ˡղųʱϸӦյԪֻʮúĿǰŵͷ˵


3560 ά
յԪȷʵֻʮ
ʮԪȴά켫֮ʵλԴġú˵
ԼǣյԪӽʮɡֻһά켫һúԳ˵
ֵǶάǿߣһս¾Դ׶༪١һҡҡͷ˵
ǵ̸ʱ򣬾ֵĲɱѾʼ
ʹø磬ǬǧػֵĹɱһʱ䣬ֵ޷ڲɱռơ
˵Ĳɱʼ֮󣬶úˣ¶֮ɫ
Ҫֵ֪յԪӽʮ֮࣬ǾԴյԪһ˵Ķսֳƾе̬ơ
ίʵ˸е̾ԾԴ۵ʵ̾
ǿ깥˵
λԴۣó깥ǿߣһǵĴ˵
ţҷǳǿ깥ЧֱܹӰ쵽ֵ˵ͷת˵ʱڣֵԶԾԴЧɱˡʱ䳤ãһս»ԾԴ۲ķչ
ֵϾǶά켫֮ǿߡԴյԪһЩǾֵԿˡǵһά켫֮ǿ߳˵
ά켫֮ĻԪۣҲǶǵ֮ϣΨһά켫֮ǿߡʵҪֵͻú˲һ

֣ȷʵǿ󡣡ɱ֮У԰ת
붥άǿ߶ԱȣȷʵвСĲࡣиһֶΣҺѵסֵȫ
ߣҲסҡȫĴ߶ֵҵĻ๥ɱ
Ҫ˵֮УΪľ˭һֵ
ֱֵ뾰ԽֵˣԵʵȫԤϡų깥Ӱ죬Ҳ⣬ƾʮԪܣôסԼġ
ңܲ·硣
ֵԼãԪܣƺھԵĲٿУܹӳǿܡԴˣе޷⡣
ԣû뵽û뵽㣬֮ǿʵ
Ȼᱻɱ֮䣬ܹˣȻҡֵŨŨĺ˵
ǵߣҲǰǵĵЩһά켫֮ĻԪۣѽȥԶԶĶԾʩչҲ޷ԾγӰ졣
ˣ
ʱǹϵ֮ϣһθֶͬʱиΪǿҵӿ
˲Ϣ֮䣬˵Ŀ⣬㿴֮š˵񣬶
ֵԴۡλʱְͣɣһֿڽֵˣ˵
λʵӽҪֳʤҪϳʱ䡣ԣȽ֮ذɣȻλ֮أҲûЦЦ˵
Ļֵҧҧѽɭ񣬺ݺݵĶ˾һۣӰѸٳսȦ
Ȼɱԣ֮ظΪҪ
ֵߣҲû׷ڵʵ޷ֵά켫֮ǿߵġ
ɱе˷ֹֿͣ˽֣ЦŶ˵˵ͷ
ʥʮ̶һβף֮ųֵļʸ١֮أǶ֮ص顣˵֮Ѿмܹ֮أǶ֪ԣǻǰʵ½Ľ롣
ԴۣΣרһ¾Ե
ʵ򣿡ʵ
ţˡʵֵӽֵʵȺ֮УӦڵڶλԾ˵
˵仰֮󣬶Ƭ̣Ŀ⿴˻ú
Ŀ⿴ԼúЦ˵þԵֵ֮֮ءңھԵ֮֮ء
ú֮ذɡԶԻú˵Իúӡ󻹲
Ѿ˶˼
ʵǰļˣ֮ص˳򲢲ҪȻڲȷм˿Խ֮أˡ뻹ǵĸ룬ûʲô𡣡Ц˵
ˣλû飬ұһȥˡ˵
£ȡһĿһ£ȡĶġ
ģǽ֮صԿס߱ģſ֮ܽء
ֳģ֮ŵĽǰ


3561 һ©
ֳģ˫־ٹͷ
һֱŶĶҲģʹĽ֮ء
˫־Űƴģվ˿
ʲôӣЩ⡣
Եѡú˾ߣһ
úϻӦԷ
ԵѺñ£ԭΪǶά켫֮û뵽ѵάúЦЦ
ʵڽʥʮ̶֮ǰȷʵֻǶά켫֮Ե
Ŷڽʥʮ̶ռͻһάȣú۾
ˡԵͷ
̫ˡȾԵѴ֮سܾά켫ǿˡúЩп˵仰ʱĿ⿴֮š
úʵҶ֮ص˽١̫ʷǣҲֻ˵һЩ֮صϢ֮ڣкܶԵʡ
Եⷬúĵ˵ͷ
֮صĶǵ󡣡
˵һЩϢ
֮أһάϴڵ֮ءԵѣ֪Ĺźγɵİɣúֿʵ
Գ˵˵ڼԶԶʱڣΪһսγɵġƺкܶ켫֮ߣһµĴս
ûȷʵġ֮أܾһάǿߵĹء㲻ҪҾάǿôҲ֪ǴûάǿߣҲ˵ԪоάǿߴڡúЦЦ
ԶǵŻú;ڵ̸صһͷȥ
ţʧˡԷһɡ
һֱվ֮µĶ
ǰһ˲䣬˫־ģһ˲䣬ʧӰ١
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ڶ֮غֵ嵽֮·붫һ˫־ġ
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ģģǽ֮صԿסûģ޷֮ͨšԵѣİɣúʾԡ
еģڻԪռõһġҲΪõģҲŻź򡣡Եͷ˵
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˼ʮʱ䣬Ըоһ֮תԼȫڡ
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֮صģǶǵά켫֮Ԫۡ

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ʥʮ̶˵һɫĿռ䣬ɫϾĺɫ
֮ڣʥʮ̶ռɫͽȻͬˡһɫ硣
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˫ŸոսӴ̨ףԾ͸оԼһӿҪƶСæת򣬵ӱƶ
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3562 ٵ켫
ԶʱһëȻĸо
Ϊ©ԵλԾвδоռϵı仯
ľԣά켫֮ĻԪۣǴһռлһռ䣬ôܺռãضе򲨶ڡ
ûлռ䣬Ϊʲôʱȴ޷ӦԼϷ©Ե
ʱھԵֻнǽڣĿϣȫܿԵ
Ź֣ĺܹŹ֣Ե˵
棬ʲô
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ѾطȻûк·ˣʲôֻӲͷƤ롣
Сĸ֪һʱ䣬ֻܸ֪󴫵ľ޴ƶ֮⣬ƺΣմڡ
פƬ̣Ծ𣬴ӵһ̨·Ծ䵽˵ڶ̨֮ϡһԾµĹУԵ۷ת״̬
Ȼվڵڶ̨Ϻת鿴ֿһ̨ˡ
ңμǽ߶ת۷壬ҲûвԼԾĹлռ䡣
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ѵúˣûоݣôܲȡϲʥ飿ʶĿ˿ܣķ֡
ˣǼɣԴӵ̨Ծ£䵽ĸ֮ϡ
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ԿԼǰԶһɫסȥԼھ֮õ켫ȫһϢΪơ
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ϣǣ
򣬿ɾǿջϲһˡ
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ߵ켫ǰϸĹ۲죬͸Сھ֮ʱһڵľԣ޷ֱӲ̽켫ڵԪϢֻǣԪ򣬲ſ֪ЩԪԼѾյĻԼδȫյġ
Խ켫Сĵ
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ڿȷˣȽ֮صĻúˣû·˵
úǾǾԲܷ켫áʥ飬ҲԲŹ켫ȱ

ά켫ǿ߶վһԲ֮ϡ
Բм䲿֣ǿյġĿ⣬ŽԲλáӵģǽԲ·Ķ


3563 ʥ
Ŀת
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ǣûܽҪĵط
ʥʮ̶ռʱǵϵľͷۣ˵˴ν֮أܹά켫֮ά켫ǲǶ׷ҪģǴﵽάΡ
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һΣһɹġǺǣһɹơ
ŽԲĶĶǡڵȴʲô

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֮غѾջһϲʥ飬һö켫ջЩԵԤϡԣԾþ뿪֮ضˡ
ǣǷ뿪֮أȴܹѡġĿǰΪֹҲ֪뿪֮ء
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֪ں澿жٸ̨סĬĬת
ף
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ţǾͼˡʵֻǾ߶ʱɢĲѡͷ˵
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𣬾ֻʥ߶ʱɢĲ
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ܹٿؾʥǵöǿԵС
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Цһ˵ǵʵô߾ʥ
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Ծ̨׶ѣƺûκεѶȡ
ʳͬʱתĿֿ˿ܡʥ֮ϣȷʵֻԼͶˡ


3564 ·
úֵˣҪȾȽ֮ء
Դʱѵ˾ʥطȴδú˵ӰԴˣȷʵЩе⡣
Ե⣬ȴȻ仯һ¡
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ʲôеִﻹʲô谭ڣ
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ҽ֮غ󣬺ܿͿ©վڴ©ԵԿ·̨סΪûб·ߣԺȻҾԾ̨סԾ˼̨׺󣬾͵˵
δ߶Լ̨ͨ׵ĹУϲʥ켫
꾰˵ȴʧ֮С
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ˡ˼ҴˡҪִʥطǻһЩ谭˵
һ谭ֹһ谭۾ֵ
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ѾҵĴν֮ˡ˵Ĵν֮أȴʱ䡭Եѣ޷ҵȴ˶ʱ䡣Լ޷סˡ
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ʵϣһܹ֮ͨݣִʥҲһЩֶεģǳֶΡ޷ھ֮ǰִʥġ
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ڴ᲻ǰһ㣬ԵѲصġλǰĲϣ˴ţҲͲ֮طˡ˵֮أҲᱻǷ֡˵ʥʮ̶ῪЦЦ˵
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ֻǣ·Уֻһȷ·
Ψȷ·пܴﵽǸط
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֪źľ֮ǡ
Ϊ˸֪Եǰ֮ǡ


3565 ѡ
ԾԵ֣λ˵ָƣǱȽġ
𻷴۸ոձնɱʱ򣬶ʵҲǶԾԱȽϺ棬Ϊ˵ԼΪᣬ˺켫֮
ͨһ֮󣬶֪Ծѵά켫֮֮࣬עˡ
֮󣬾ʥʮ̶ռ䣬֮⣬ԾֵƥУҲе̾ͬʱ϶еļƻ
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ΪҸ߳ࡣ޷ҵȷ·Ѱҵ·ԿЦҡҡͷ˵
ԵɳɹԵǸά켫֮ǿҲԽӽ餡ţԵ֮صԵˡĿ⼫ΪᶨԵǵڵ䱦ǴɲءҿԱ֤ڵƷɾԵѡ
ˣ´·˵
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Ѿѻ˵زǲپܾοά֮ĻԪۣ䷭Լô죿
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ڣǸѡ·Ŀ⿴һжԶʵ
Щһоһˣʥһˣڹ֮ϡ
餵λãھʥ·
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ֶͨҵȷ·ǲܵ顣ĿҲ
ڶ˵仰󣬾ѵһĽϸ쿴
ֶΣϸµĸ֪

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Уʧȥʶʱ䣬ܳǧꡣЩʱ㽫ȫʧȥ֪ɫԾ˵
ԭ֮أǹ졣Եͷ
˼ǰС
綫˵ģ餵λãԶھʥϿҪԶöࡣھʥϣù餾ԼԶƺ΢߶һ̤Ծȥ
ʵȴǣԺͶʱûܴﵽλáӦôڵľʥȴȫˡ
ǲѡˣԼѡ·Բûʲôġ
ŷ֮һĸʣƺҪܺõ
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ȻҲûдﵽ餣ϴν֮أҲ߹֮·ҼǵúǴֻ˲ʱˤȥң֪Լˤġ
һΣѾʱȴȻ֮ϡҵǾãԵѡ·ӦȷġĿоȻȾĵöࡣ
˵ԱҲٶʣǰߡ


3566 
ʵھ˵ν֮صջѾС
ʥʮ̶ռջ񣬵ǽ֮غҲѵõһö켫һϲʥ顣
ԣܲܵλãԵ̸ǿҡ޷餣֮֮õҲǳ⡣
ȻȻǼҪӽ餣Դ̤֮Ŀ˸ľûа
׵ĻУԺͶˣԾȵٶȣϲϽӽ餡
·Ԩ಻뽫ϵȥԾԺͶв󡣻һά켫֮ĻԪ޷ܵסԨеԺͶһά켫һά켫֮
ʮʱ
ţ
⡭Īǵˡһ¡
ΪͻȻо餵λþԼƺˡʱѾܹ餵ӣܿԿ̵ơǰһ̣ʱȽģ
صĲɣĹϢЩɢ
Ϥ
ԺȻףʥʮ̶ռĲɣϢ䱾Դһ֮ڵĹ餡
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Ϊһ죬ʵǵȵ̫̫ˡĴ֮أһΣִ˹λá
ԵѣȻѡ֮ӡѹ֣ڶ̶̵ʱڳɾά켫֮ھԵĺ󷽣˵
һתԵѣǿȥ
áӦһ
½߳Աȵ˹ܵϡһ̣Ըоһĺ⣬ӽ˲ϯȫ
餵Ĳʼ⣬ĺ⣬
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ʵϣҪͲǾŷ֮һĸʡоŸ˵ִʥÿ˷ֱѡһ󵽴λõȴһûС˵
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ˡҡҡͷҪִ˴ûô򵥡ھҲ֪
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˵ʵЩܴ򿪹餵ġ
餺ܴ󣬴濴Ӧ㣬ͨĹ餶һ㡣
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֮ڣŵһά켫ǿߵıĿŹ餣ֻҪõıά֮ȻǺɵ顣Ϊά켫ϴҲǲܡ
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ҾûǽһЩȽϺá˵棬һά켫ǿߵŹǣλǰȻϣкͣĴ򿪹餡ҵ˼˵ܿӦԵΣա
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ı飬Щɭɲ
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ţ
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ԵѣʵҲɱ㣬ҼУʺǿһǣڵĶ˵̫Ҫˡ
ԣҲҲһݡƷһˡ
ܸл㣬ҴǣһҪɱ㡣
ģҵõڵı֮سȥ֮һ㣬տĻԪռ䡣֪лԪռ䣬Ҳ֪ĻԪռ䣬һС˳Ա
ͳ䣬͸żɱ⡣һʼû뾰ƽֹ֮ڵıֻҪԴ߹ڵλá
һʼĴҪɱԣ֮ڵı
ɫҲ̫˰ɣ
˲Ϊ𣡡
ԵѣҲҪҡҪ֣͹Լ̫ˣǺǣǾά켫֮ϴµıԣ֪ģʵƽﱦʸ񣿡
ڣȥɣ
ĿһȫȻҲûóֱ̧ƣžĻȥ
ֲ
һԪֳ
ԵȻԴУȫֵ˲ǽͷųȥ


3567 
罵ٵͬʱֱ׽Ҳն
붫֮ľܽ˫֮ԷĹ˵˲ģȫûлء
䣡
ˣ
ײܶʱڿռ䷢Ƶ
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㡭㾹Ȼά켫Ծһ߶Ԫ
߶ԪۺԳһ壬ά켫֮Ԫ۵ı־
ߣȴΪһά켫֮ĻԪۡǵϵľͷۣΪǵĵһά켫֮ĻԪۡ
ȴ벻ⶫص֮ά켫ɶȴһֱάԾӣ
Ǻǣȷʵѵά켫֮Եѣһά켫֮ά켫֮УҲֵ԰ˡƿ磬ЦһٶȶԾԳ֡
ά켫֮ĻԪۣǾƾ踡ֶΣ俹һʱ䡣Ȼά켫֮ĻԪۣԾûа취ˡ
ϾյԪ̫̫ˣȶԪԷһ붼ά켫ϣҲΡ
ۣ
ǿ֮£޷ڹ餵ϡ
壬ֱӱɳȥһѪ
·ԨƺȻǿ
ȻվڹϵĶȴһҪιԡ
·Ԩ׹䣬ת˲ʧڶ֮С
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3573 ά켫֮
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3574 
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ŴݲҰ׵ϣ¶һЦݣԾ԰˰֡
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3575 ̫ʷǵû
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3576 ǾԴˣ
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3577 Ͷ
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ھһ켫֮Ԫǰ۵ûзԾԵֻܹԹء
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3578 ͷӲ
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3579 Ĵ
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3580 ƾ
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3581 һն
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3583 ǵ
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ˣ⸮ۡƺ½õġ
Ī̫ʷǵѾˣˣԪЦ
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ʱĵۡյġԳΪʱ仹̣ܶδļߵȵԱ
ԵԸۡһЩ󷨡
Ԫ۽븮ۡͬʱԾ͸֪˽
û룬Ҳû̽븮ۡ˭Ϊǵϵ̫ʷ۵ȼͷۡҲ⼸̫ʷ۵˾̸һЩ顣
ʱֹͣһС󷨵Ĳãȥ
̫ʷڣ
ԪվԺ֮ڣкһԪۣҲû̽鵺ûлأн⵹ûʲô̽鸮ۡʿɾͲһˡԪۣҲƽ޹ʵĵ̫ʷ
ֻһʮԪһά켫֮Ԫۣ̫ʷȻҲһά켫̫֮ʷյԪԶԶԪۣʵҲǳԪܴһء
ţ
˭Ԫ۵ᡮסһ
ΪǾǵϵߣڱضٳ̫ʷΪǣ־Щ졣
תһСţǰһӰӳ뾰Ե֮ڡ
ˣ΢΢һҲ֮΢΢û뵽ǵ֮ϣٴοԪۡ


3585 Ԫ
ʱھ֮ǣԪ۽֣ųϿ֧ԮյԽӾ֮Ǳˡ
񣬾ǵά켫֮ĴڣԪԴһά켫֮
ԣԪ۾ɴ
û뵽ԪۡԪۣͬ뵽ԡ
Ԫ۶ԾԣǿһֱзġǾԭӦ켫ʱܵõһö켫ѾǶά켫֮ĻԪˡ
Ԫڶݵľ֮ɫ˲
ԾԵɱ⣬ٴ
ѵһЦһ
ǺǣСӽź򣬼ǵˡԪЦһͬʱеɱѹȥ
ڵڣǺܾܿǼ̫ʷǵΪ̫ʷǵһԱˡȻˣͲǵ϶ԾԳ֡
̫ʷĵ̡
̫ʷԲԪǵϻɱͷۡ
ϴ΢Ц
ʱҲڿǣǲҪɱԪۡ
ھ֮ǵʱԪۿɱġʵǿԪ۾Ź
ţԪѣôˣ
ʱ̫ʷ۴Ӹۡ˽Ԫۣʶһ䡣
䣬̫ʷϱͱùŹ
ΪҲ֪Ԫ뾰Ե֮ìܡ
ֺ˵Եźĳл˹ԪۡڣԪȴԼˡ
̫ʷûˡԪ۹һЦ˵
ԪۣѲǵǵĵǾԴ̫ۡʷۿŶԷ˵
ʲôԪϵЦݽס
ʲô
ǵôܣ
ǣ̫ʷ۲ܿЦɣ
ԪתĿԣԼò
ôܳΪǵԪ۵˵һ䡣
Ԫۣ򲻿ɶǵǾԵά켫֮ĻԪ̫ۡʷɫһǳ
ά켫
̫ʷۣ㿪ʲôЦԪ۷˷ۡ
˵ά켫֮ԪۣԪǲŵġϴμԣҲʮ֮ǰңΪõ켫켫֮ǡ
ʮʱȥԴһάά
ʲôЦ
Ԫۣû㿪ЦԵά켫֮ǿߣݵ÷ǵֵ֪ģڲ֮ǰֵǾԵնɱ̫ʷȵ
Ԫ۵Ȼֵ֪ģֵźֻҪźһЩʱģͲ̫ûֵ
һά켫֮ǿߡ
ڣ̫ʷȴ˵ֵɱ
Ԫ˿̫ʷֿۣ˿վһϷʱԼľԡ
ͻȻЩǵˡ
ʱ򣬾ǰ߳Ԫ۸һЩ
ԪۣҲܾûˡԻ˵
ǰھ֮ǣɱңϧʱʵɱҡڣƺֵұˡԵ
ЩԪ۱á
̧֣߶
䣡
ֲʱ
Ԫɫ䡣
Բ̫ʷĻ޷Լᡣ֪ӿͷǳѽȡǿֲƺֻҪһѹܽһά켫֮
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̫ˣ
Դ۾㲻ά켫֮ǿߣҲάϵ켫֮
ͨ
ڸӦԵ֮Ԫû˿ԥͳɣֱӾ͹
ԣͷס档
ԵλԪۣſǻġ
ھ֮ǵʱЩԪ۵ĴԣԼԪ۽ӴĸоԶôһǳԵˡ
ԣԪͻȻ͹ģЩԵԤϡ
һʵһͷ
üŹﲻϿͷ޺ԼŹԪۡ
Ե㲻ҪɱңͷСɣ
̫ʷۣ˵˵鰡Ҳ
ԵֻҪ㲻ɱңҪʲôԡʮӣҲ뾰ԵΪа
ԿλԪۣˣȥʮֻЦ
գȷʵûгɱԪۣǾҪԭǾоãɱԪ۲бҪ顣ңԪǰìܣһö켫
ԶԪۣ̫ĺ⡣Ԫֵ̫ʷǵֶ¼ǾԾŹ


3586 ޸Ѷ
ǵؽʵܼ򵥣Ҫ١
Բ뽨ģҲһС
źеÿһǵ˵ǷǳҪĻ
棬Զѡ˳Ȼϱԭ̫ʷǵķ
ԣڽһʱѵõһЩСȻҲ˵κʱи
֮ܳĺڌIۣһֱѹھԵͷҲ֪ڌI۴ʱ㵽ڌIʲôطһȷǴ˱ض취ָԼʵ
һڌIʵָ۷״̬ȫԪĴѾͽʵĵ
ŴҲ˵ˣǻԪϣԶֹڌIۣԪᱻڌIۻ
ʥʮ̶ʱһ켫еõһأ޷ʹáڲ̺ƷʷǳߵȵľԻһЩʱ䣬̺ľ뵽׽ڡ
ɴˣ׽Ʒʺܵȵȣкܴ
һЩ
һգԵĴѶͻȻ춯
˭Ѷңһ
ԴӽźĴѶûʹùڻԪռ䣬Ҳ޷ʹôѶԶźľԴѶ
ԣѶѶϢʱЩ⡣
Ǿ޸һ¡
޸ѵǽźˣ̻Ѷʵ
ܸ㴫Ѷˡ
ź򡣡޸ٺܿ졣
ôźˣʲô𣿡ʵ
Խźʱ򣬽޸տþԻԪ;֮ǡ޴£޸۲Ӧûź
ţ˽Ǳߣˡ޸˵̹ȥ㡣
Ǳ߳ʲôˣüִѶ˵ԭزҪȥ㡣
޸ܹԴѶ˵޸۽ź򣬶Ҿ뾰ǵ̫Զ
ôѶģλϾά켫֮ԣûķѶʱ䣬ҵ˾޸ۡ
޸ۿԺһ˲䣬Ŀоƺ⡣
޸ˡԶԾ޸˵
޸ҵȻһ׵顣޸ֻۣʮԪСԲԪۡһźУһȽΣյ顣
ޣǾ׶༪١
ʵϣҲȷʵˡ޸ۣʵѾźͦһʱˡ֪ǵλá
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Ҳ֪˶ٴʧܣڽ죬ڳɹĸԳѰ˼
޸۵㲻źãҲû޹ޣǿˣԶ֪
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¹ϻԪǣ㻹ǾҪ˳֡ǻ˵Ὣϵ׽˶ߡ
˵û̫ʱ˷ѡ޸һ߿žԵı飬һ߳˵
˵ЩҲǾõġ¹ϻԪˣ̬ȶǸΪ
¹ϻԪˣ
ô˽ˡ
Ҫңüŵ
ڵľԣѾ¹ϻԪһЩ˽⡣¹ϻԪһάԪȫԪվ۷λõĻԪȻԪռȴһ£Ԫ֮䣬»Ԫռ併άΪάԪռ䡣
ҲΪԪ֮£¹ϻԪʼԼ˽룬Ҳ˳
ô˵ǽά֮¹ϻԪҲǼǿĻԪռ䡣
˽򣬳˾֮⣬һ켫֮ĻԪ۶ûС¹ϻԪˣ˽ǰ¶̬߰ȻҲ
֪¹ϻԪǣΪʲôҪ㣿޸žԣɴ۾˵
¹ϻԪ֪ġûȥԪռ䡣Ϊʲôңܡйذɣ˵
¹ϻԪˣָҪԡܹ뵽ΨһɣΪǻԪĵ֮һҲ¹ϻԪΪҪԴ
Բ²⣬¹ϻԪˣһ֪ԼܹƳԲ˹Լ¹ϻԪ֪һϢԭ򣬾ԾãǴťЩ˿֪ġ
ť˱Ҹϳ˽򣬻ȫԴǶҿ϶ġת


3587 ͼĵط
¹ϻԪڷ״̬ԪϢͨ㡣˸ܣ¹ϻԪ֪ܹ
¹ϻԪıӳ˽򣬾ť¹ϻԪܣ±۱¹ϻԪץ˻ȥ
ԣԾαضȺť˸ܡ
Ͳť˻뿪˽򡣡Դŭĵ
ʱԷť뿪˽ҲԭģҪťѹεԴťɱЩԪռнҪԴ
ô죿
¹ϻԪʵƺΪǿ˽ˣʵҲɲ⡣ǣǶ㲻ô죿޸ʵ
ѾһǶ㲻ȥġ
һֱ¶棬¹ϻԪߣĿֶ飿Ҳңҵļˡֵļʺֱܴܻӹ˽ĻԪռ䡣
ԴȻԪ֮޷ֵ¹ϻԪߵġ
۾𣬶Ծ޸ۻ˵
һ£Լ˵ȻôҪңǾͼһҶܲܵʲôûз
أ޸̧üʵ
־Ͷ֣δ˵޸ȻǵһˣһЩǱ˽򡣡
Դž޸ۣȻصǵ̫ʷ۵ǵͷټǼ򵥵ĽһЩ񣬱޸һǰԪͨڵ㣬͵֮ǡ
֮ǵûʲô鷢һжƽȡڰڳļ֮£ʵֵķչš
ԾԺ;޸ûھ֮ǶͣͨԪͨ͵ԴԪ
ԴԪڹڡ
ԴʱӺѹÿ춼ĵΪڹڣȫһ˿һĴ
ÿʱỵ̈С¹ϻԪǿߣӦˡþ¶޷㡣
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Ҳ֪޸ܲҵԴۡԴۣȥİ
Դٲ¶棬ҿĶסˡ
ǡԴ¶棬ֻҪ׶༪ٰ¹ϻԪҾԴۣ벻ʲô¡Դ̾һ̧Ŀ˿ǰһ
ҡҡͷ뽨ڡ
¹ϻԪߵľ
λʹԴ˹˹֡
Դ¹ϻԪ߼Դһ
ȻǸûԴ¡ϳƽԴء
ҲǺ飬Դֻ˶ʮԪСԲԪۣ켫֮ûе롣ûʵõأǼǲܵ顣
˽֮ڣԴĵλܸߣʵҲǳ֮ǿ֮һˡ¹ϻԪǿǰǵʵȫϲ̨档
ԴҵǾˡһ۾ŽԴʵ
ˣҪԴÿ춼һˣǻ㱨ѰҾԵ
ҪȻԴ϶ǲ¹ϻԪʹߵġ
λʹʵǱǸǡδ־Դ۵䡣Դվ˵
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ʱֹ֮ǰԻûгǰʱ򣬿ɾͱǷˡһЦ˵
ƽоʲôвζǣԴԲҲĻϡ
λʹһֱڽ߾ȫѰҾԴ۵ټǡԴ۲˽֮ڰԣλʹһҪһЩʱ䡣Դɬı˵
ģǾʱ䡣
ˡһ˰֣˵ʱ䲻䡣ӵˣǼԣͻ֡Ƕˣûôʱ˷ͼĵط
ǣԴֻεӦһ˵ҼѰҾԴ۵䡣
¹ϻԪʹߵס󣬽Դֳ̾Ϣһ̧ͷ˿ɵա

һֱҲԴۣô죿ղڴ۳ʵ
ղڴ۵ȶԪ֮ʱҲڹ
¹ϻԪʹߣҵǾԡҲԣ˽ܶҪ¹ϻԪʹߵŭˣ¹ϵȫÿһԪռ䡣
ղڴ۵ȵȻԪ֮Ҳ޷⡣ǣҲһֱ취ѰҾԵ䡣
λ֮ǰ˵ˡ㾰Դһֱûҵ¹ϻԪʹߣҲĻٵ˵ģûʲôôԴԼԪ֮˵
ǲֻõķ롣Դһֱ¹ϻԪʹߵʱܻܿŭ˭֪ڷŭǻôղڴ˵


3588 ¹϶ʹ
ղڴ۵ĻУ־Ե˼
Ǿã鷳˵ΣǾԴ۴˵ġ
ղڴۣǾԴۣͱħˡˣöжûоԴۣղڴڻվ˵һ㶼˵Բã˷ղڴۡ
ղڴ۸Цһû˵ʲôҵ˼ǣǻǵһЩ׼Է⡣
ԴλԪ֮УѲһξ۵һ¡գûн
ףʵϵľ޴ࡣ
¹ϻԪǿߣ˸Կ˵ˣܹ
ϣԴ۴ʱѽ뽹ԴԪ
ʦ첽ӵԽԴ˵
ʦոսӵԪͨڵݵѶϢ֪Դۺ;޸˽뽹ԴԪ
ţ
ʲô
Դۻˣ
ѽ뽹ԴԪԴ֪¹ϻԪˡ
ԴʦϢ󣬶¶ı顣
ԪͨڵѶϢ˵Դ޸һͬ뽹ԴԪġӦǾ޸ۣҵ˾Դۡʦͷ˵
Դ϶¶ϲõı顣
ۣĿȴǡ
һԴۼ¹ϻԪˣ¹ϻԪλʹ߻ôԴȻʵǿԶڵĻԪۣ¹ϻԪǿߣԴܵеù
ڵľԵİȫ
λԴۼȻѽ뽹ԴԪܿͻᵽڹڴ˵ȾԴۡԴ˵
ղڴ۵˶Ȼͷ
һʱʱ䣬ڹ㴫˵Դ۵ˡ
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Դۡ
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˶Լ񣬰ԴڡԴһֱ˵ڸʵϣԲΪǿĻԪۡ

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û취ˣ¹ϻԪʹ߸һޡֹʱ䣬ֻжʮ졣ʱ䣬Ǻʲôɡղڴ˾һ۵
Ҳղڴһۡ
ֿ˵ۣ㲻Ϊҵġ£δؾһǻ¡˵ҪҶ֣ҲǺ޷֮
ˣλ˵ˡȥλ¹ϻԪʹ߰ɡֶԽԴ
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¹ϻԪʹߣҲǾסڹ֮ڡ
Դžԣʹߵʱ⡣
Դۣ¹ϻԪʹߣסԴָһǰԶĽԾ˵
ԵͷλѣȥɡǣͲҪһȥˡ
Ҳǵģ˫ֱͻɱĻ۵һά켫СԲǵĻԪۻΣա
Դ˵ûλǱһͬȥˡֻ̫࣬»¹ϻԪʹ߲áԴ˳žԵĻ
ղڴ۵ˣͷͬ⡣
ԴСЩ˵

ԸսһͿ¹ϻԪʹߡ
ˣһһһһݣһۣһۡ
Դ뿪һֻĪкϢˣ߸ʹɨ˽Դһʵ
£ĿɨڽԴߵľԡ
¹ϻԪʹȻûԣҲʶԡʱվǰǶ֪ԼҪҵˣǵˡ
˵λʹߣҪҡڽԴ֮ǰȿ˵
Ŷ
Ǹԣʹһվžԣʵ
ûҾҪҵľԡԵ˵ͷ֪λʹԶ˽ңʲô飿
ǺǣԭԼ𣿡߸ʹЦһ
Ҹոռλʹߣλʹƺʲôû˵֪λʹҵĿģ۾΢У̬˿
ˣûʱ㳶Ƥ㣬ǷܹƳʹһ֣˵Ҫƭǣ֮Ѿ꾡Ĳ


3589 Ӧǰ
¹ϻԪ˽ҾԵߣǵִ˽󣬵һȻҪȷԾܷƳ
˽ڣ¸Ͳܡһȷ˾Ƴ¡
Цһ
ŶˣЦȷʵܹƳһ㣬Ҳ᲻ϡ
Բδһ㣬Ҳϲˡ˶ܶ𼶵ߣ֪ɵǾԴƵġ
ֱӳϣ¹ϻԪʹϢ˲һ
ȻˣǾͺðˡ߸ʹߵ˵ͷԣһ˰ɣ
ŶȥԿŶԷ
Ȼǻ¹ϻԪ߸ʹ˵
Ҫңǣȥ¹ϻԪ̧üʵ
ûǻ¹ϻԪʹͳԣòҪʲô뷨Ҫģǵġ㻹жνˣкô
ȵһȡ԰һ֡
ҪҸȥ¹ϻԪܵһɰɣ˵
ɣ
ãǾ˵һ㡣߸ʹߵ˵ͷ˵¹ϻԪҩڲ֮ء˵ϵش󣬲Ƕ¹ϻԪǶȫԪ˵˵Ƿ
¹ϻԪ˵ĵȥԣǻ¹ϻԪֻܳɱ㡣߸ʹв
λˡԽ˵ȷʵܹƳҵĵǴ¹ϻԪҩڻáʵϣһδȥ¹ϻԪ
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ߣʹһߣ漴Ц˵ԣ˵ЩûôҪ˵͵㵽¹ϻԪҩٽͰɣ
ôɲԼѡˡҴӦȥȥӦȥҲȥ۾С
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УʹֱӾܾ˾Ե˵̸ߡ
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λʹߣǾȸˡһһλǰ¹ϻԪ͹һ¡ֶԶ˵
߸ʹߵ˵ͷ
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۵ˣ档ǼԺͽԴ˳ӭ
Դۣ¹ϻԪʹߣ˵ʲôˣ۵һʾԡ
ǴΪ˵¹ϻԪҩڵĲ֮أϵش󡣶֪ܹԱ¹ϻԪ˽ҡԶԻ˵
Ǵô£ʵ
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Դۣȥ¹ϻԪȥˣǵĵϣ¡
¹ϻԪˣ֪Դ
Ԫ֮׷׿ڣҶȽϽǡ
λ˿˵±˻鷳ϡ¹ϻԪһǿʢĻԪռ䣬ʱܹԿġң¹ϻԪ˽򲢲Զìܼ¹ϻԪʱɳǿǰˡԣѾȥ¹ϻԪ
һҾǣһֵͬ
޸ԶԾ޸˵
ǣ޸Ӧһ
޸žԣڹ


3590 ִ¹ϻԪ
ǰ¹ϻԪ֮ǰֻһʱ䡣
һʱ䣬ǲؾԻԪٻ
ԣֻܶԾ޸۽һЩ飬þ޸ȥ졣
ڹһƧԽ׼õԴ޸һһֱЩԴ͸˭
Ϊ˸Զ׼˴ԴҪԱһݣ۵ȵȡ޸ۣҲһݣۣҲΪ׼һݡ
ǰ¹ϻԪҲ޷ȷԼʲôʱܹԶԼܹгġά켫֮ĻԪۣ¹ϻԪѾûиά켫֮Ԫ۴ڣԾþά켫ҲδɱڵԼ
ҲΪԼȽģԲŻûжٿܵĴӦǰ¹ϻԪ
Ȼǰ¹ϻԪһ⡣¹ϻԪǸάԪռ䣬ȫԪ֮ڣĻԪռ䡣ĵλΣǼߵġ
ͨ˽¹ϻԪþԵӾøΪиĻᣬȥ˽ЩĻԪռ䣬ȥ֪Ԫʵǿ켫֮߶Щ
Ա룬ΪԺԿڌI۶׼ˡ
˾Եָ޸Ҳ飬ϱ뿪ԴԪȥˡµߣ޸֮ʵǿ۶ԾƿµļԪռ䣬˽ģ񣬻϶ͳ
޸뿪󣬾뽹ԴмλԪ̸֮
ʵҲûʲô˵ģԴ˰ﲻ˾ԣûΪԷֵ¹ϻԪвѹ
ԵǴӽԴУҪ˲ٵĲϡЩϣͼŷĲϡ̫࣬Ҳһʱ䡣
Բûпһʱ䡣
˼ʱԱٴȥ¹ϻԪλʹߣǱԼԸǰ¹ϻԪˡ
Եĺ̬ȣ¹ϻԪλʹߺá֮УԾԵƽһЩȻ¹ϻԪߣǵԽһֱڡ㲻ȥı֣ҲĸӦ
֪Ҳ켫֮ߣǿܶ뾰ԽڼԵһǾͻǿпƾԲ¹ϻԪ
¹ϻԪʹߣǳһɴ뿪˽ǰ¹ϻԪġ
ɴȼǳߡƷʣҪȵԴӻħнɻɴҪ߳һء
Ҳ
¹ϻԪɲħܱȵġħҲƿضԪռ䣬а˸ҲǲĻԪռ䣬ħ˶δ켫֮
ڻԪУĻԪռǾ켫ԪռȺС
Ȼ˼ɴҪִ¹ϻԪ·ҲҪʱ䡣
лԪͨǾͷܶࡣ
¹ϻԪҷԲ沼áԪͨĽڵ㡣
·ϣ֪¹ϻԪλʹߵ֡
߸ʹߣΪҴۡʹߣΪƴۡ
˵Ľ̸Ҳࡣ
ʱ䣬ԶС
ҴۺͳƴۣҲֹУһûСǵ񣬾ǴԻص¹ϻԪ
ھһ·ʵν
һһά켫֮ߣһʱ䣬ʲôı䣿һ̫꣬ˡ
Գɴִ¹ϻԪΧʱ򣬾յԪǴﵽʮ֮ࡣԪ򣬴һ
άǺңԶʵӹɡ
ɴʻ¹ϻԪĹ۲վ
ԣˣ·ɴɡҴǰԾ˵
áЦЦͷ
һ·ϣԶǳϣûҴۡƴ˲ġ
¹ϻԪߣһͬɴ
ʱɴܣһеĻ
һɫ׵ŮߣΪͻ
Ҵۡƴۣλͦ졣ɫŮߣЦŶ˵
ûã鷳ͳˡҴ۶ɫŮ߹˹֣˵
ɫ׵Ůߣ¹ϻԪ۲վĸˊ说ۡ
ť¹ϻԪ״ť˾Ǌ说ۣť潫ܹϢˊ说ۡ
说ֽʱĹ
ĹټҩϺ󣬲Ҵۺͳƴǰ˽ؾһ¡
λǸ˰ɣ说һ˫۾ԣ˵
说ۺܸߣֻҴ΢һ㡣ŮУΪټ
ͳ죬˾ǾԡҴۿ˾һۺֿ说˵
ᣬܹƳ说Ŀ΢΢𣬶žԣ˵
ǻƧ֮أѲ֤ȷϹˣȷʵܹҴ۵˵ͷ


3591 Ǹ˲
说¹ϻԪݵλܸߣҴۡƴ˶̬ء
Ҵԣ说΢΢һЦ
Щš
ǵƫƧ֮أҲܳ켫֮ߣһܹƳ说˵
ͳԼǣȷʵ˸е˼ҩڶһ޶ɵѶҲǼ󡣼֪ƳҲһ򵥵顣ԣܽƳҴЦЦ˵
ò˵Ե츳ȷʵܸߡӵĳƴ۽ӿڼ˵˴Σҵǰνˣȷʵǳƶ񤣬͵ѷʮԪռڣһһСҵڶ޷⣬ĻУôܹ켫֮ĻԪۡ
¹ϻԪĻԪռ䣬Ҫ켫֮ҲǼΪѵġ
¹ϻԪǸάԪԪڲ켫֮ҲǺܶࡣ
Ϊ֣ҴۺͳƴۣԾԲŻһءȻˣҲޣУԱϾֻһά켫֮ĻԪۡ
ʱԾվǼ˵ԱߣȻǼȴ޼ɵžԣɴҲɿǶԾЩ桢ӣû˿ļɵ
λǽԴҩڣô说תʵ
Ҵš˫üһ˵Ҳôþԣҩ
ǺǣλɲҪᣬûб˼ֻʡֻǾã⾰ȷʵǸ˲ţֱӴίʵЩϧˡ说˵ʱĿֿԡ
ޱ顣
¹ش󣬲Ƕҩڣ¹ϻԪзǳԶӰ졣룬ԼܻȥҲ޷뿪ҩˡҴ۳˵ԡ
ͳ죬Ǹûҩϴ˽ˡû飬ʹ˽¹ϻԪҴ۽˵
ԣԱ¹ϻԪ说۵ͷ˵
¹ϻԪڷ״̬κ˽ԪڲҪõĹھϣĹзԸԊ说ۻҴۡƴ˴žԽ¹ϻԪС
ͨͽڵ㣬Ҵۡƴ˴žԣ¹ϻԪ֮ڡ
λʹߣղλͳʲôˣԳҴѯʡ
ͳ죬¹ϻԪ۲վĸˡ˵¹ϻԪĵһϡҴ۶Ծ˵
ͳʵǿ¹ϻԪڶǿߡƴۿž˵
ͳ첻òʵô̾˵
Ȼ
ͳĴඥԪռ䶼Ҵۺͳƴ˵
λʹߣǊͳǼά켫֮ĻԪۣ۾΢һ£ٴһ⡣
Ϊûпͳ֣ԾҲֱжϳԷľ徳硣ԣԵ⣬ʵҲһϢϵĴ̽
ͳ죬һλά켫֮ԪۡҴۺȻ˵
ˣδ롣ǿش⣬㲻ʲô
ȴһ
ͳһλά켫֮ĻԪۣ¹ϻԪڵĶǿߣ¹ϻԪĵһߡɴ˿Դƶϳ¹ϻԪӵά켫֮ΪĻԪۣӦúٺ٣˵ֻȼˡ
ǡҩڵϴˣǼά켫֮ǿߣ˳ʵ
ҴۺͳƴˣһԡһΣ˾ʵЩˡ뾰ԵĹϵɲ֪޲Եĺѡ
ԣ޹ءڣڷҩڣò˶þִܵ㻹ǶԼĴΪáҴۿž˵
ԸЦһ˵ͷ
¹ϻԪ֮ȷʵ˽ڵĻԪռܱȡҲѹ֣Ҵ۵˶˵˽ƶ֮ءƧ֮أΪ˽Ļܵ켫֮ĻԪۡ
¹ϻԪĻУ켫֮ȷʵüһЩаת
Ҵ˴žԣһ·ҩܲȥ
һ·ϣҲǶ¹ϻԪڵߡЩʵС߿Ҵ˶̱ãҲʵǿ߹˴к
Ҵ˶Щߵ̬ȣǡ˵ǱȽϰ
ɴ˿ҩ¹ϻԪ֮ڣžصĵλ
ҲھԵԤ֮УҩڿǻԪĵ֮һ֪жߡҪͽֺá
¹ϻԪӴ̶ȣҲԶ˽ڵĻԪռ䣬ĽԴԪҪܶ౶


3592 
Ҵۡƴ۴žԣ˽ӽĸʱңĸʱ֮Уһʱ䶼˲Ƹ·
¹ϻԪڲռжôӴ
ٶȽ󣬾ǿһ޴ĵΪװɫ
ˣǰ棬ҩڵܲҴ۳˵
ҩڵĵߣԢҩ񡣡Ҵֲһ䡣
˵ģǾԴʱľ޴ҩڵĵߣʦΪԢҩ
ֳģһòͰߣų룬ֳһɫľᡣᣬȻǵ
Ԣҩĵ񣬱ҩڵĸء
һĳϿȡоһϿȵ࣬мǿ
Ͽ֮󣬱ɿһɫľ޴󹬵Ͽȵ
Ͽұϣһ߰ͬɽ塣ɽϣȵĸֽʱߵӰɽϻ
λϣ
Ҵ˴žͨϿڵʱһɫ֣߳Ҵ˼
Ҵۺͳƴλҩڳϵݡ
ţҴ۰һ֣˵ѾԴأҪҩ
룡Ϊ˵
Ҵۺͳƴٴε˵ͷ
ԣ߰ɣ͵ҩǵˡҴתĿԾ˵
ЦЦѾȻ᲻ϡ
ҩڹܿ޴ɫ
ͨϿȣҩĿƽ̨ϡ
ҳϡƳϣǶλˡ
ʱ򣬴ҩڣһϵ
仰Ҵۺͳƴˣһ¶ޱȹɫ
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ǣҴۺͳƴӦ
ԣ߰ɣȥ塣Ҵ۶Ծ˵
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ҪʣȻ֪ˡҴ۰˰֡
壬ҲϿ֮ڣҾҩԶҩɽ֮һ
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ϵǳǿңܹеϡɽϣڶԲεͤӡЩͤӣÿһĵ֮֡Ũĵ֮γһ״ǽԲͤ
ȻطҩЩ˵ĵطߣ֮ˡҩڿԾ֮ˡܹ
ҴϵһԲͤӡ
ԣϼ֮ǰҪȺ򡣡Ҵۿž˵ûɣ޷ֻҪʵʵģްϵɱ󣬲ɱ㡣
ҪסˣǿӳȥǺǳءϵɱ󣬱ά켫֮߶Եֵһά켫֮༸ʱͻᱻɱ𡣡Ҵ˵ⷬѾԲҪҶ
Կ˿򿪵һԲͤӣֿ˿ͤĵ֮
¶΢ЦҴ˵˵ͷͤӡ
Խȥ֮󣬹ϵǹرͤӡ
ˣǾԡܳ𣿡Ҵ۶
ϴ˷ģǻϼӿܡ֣ص˵
šҴ۵˵ͷ
뿪֮ҴۺͳƴˣַҩһΣ˽ҩ
Ǹոҩ㱻һɿռ֮ǡţ˱͵ĳһ֮С
ʱڣӰˣÿһȥǺܲϵݣǵĿ⿴Ҵۺͳƴۡ
ݼλϡҴۺͳƴ˶Ĺ˼
ˣҩڵλϣÿһݷǷĹǣǿͿ̬ȡ
ǰȥĹĹģλеһˡ
˵˵ԡһλϳ˵
ǣҴӦǵĲ֤ԣܹƳֱӴӱеõͲ󣬱ӵƬƧ֮صʱ򣬴δ
ϴˣԵ츳ǿڵϣϵҲ˾̾ǶǻƧ֮أ˲ٹ⾰ԵĴšǶˣľ÷˼Ҵۻ˵
ϴˣǵȲë֮أΪԪ۶Ϊѡ⾰ԣȴǵ켫֮ƴҲڣ˵ǳ¹ϻԪĻԪռ䣬ɾͶڸߡ


3593 δϧ
ҴۺͳƴҲΪ˵ûֻڳһʵ
ӵƷΣһλϳʵ
ϻͨǵĵԼ뾰ԵֱӽӴһаߡӦ˵ڴ£⾰һº͡ǫѷˡ
ƶ˽ڣΨһ켫ߣʵǿġдԪ֮ԾԶõӡ󡣡Ҵ۳
ʱλ϶һۡ
һλٴο˵λϿɻϢҪ䣿
Ҵۺͳƴ۶ҡҡͷ
ȻˣǾȥɣһλϵ
ǣҴۺͳƴ۹ֺ󣬱һռ֮ǣתۺѳҩ
ҩķڣλҩ
ɱһˡ
Ӳҩ֮ˣҩһġһҡҡͷ˵
ҩڵ˶ԣһѵõ˲šˣϧһ˻˵
ԽˣԽӦСĽһܵʧҩڣѾˡԴӳ˱Ǽ֮ҩ¹ϻԪĴԽԽΡҵģһЩˡһЩ˷ˡǣһֱһġǰһ˵
Ӱ˵Ҳҵǡҩڵ۾̫ˡ̾һ˵
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ΪһϣӰΪڶϣ̻Ϊϡ
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̻˵Ҳûеɱ˾ԣȷʵǳĿϧԣڣͬ㡣ܽɵҩϣҩһ¡
ڣˣ¹ϻԪߡһˣ̫ıһ㣬ԲܶҩġһֻҪһᣬԾͿҩڡ
ֱɱ˸ɾһЩ͵˲ڹǣһҪҩ֮λѾȱ̫̫ˡǱ룬ȷʵѡӰ˵
Ӱϡ̻ϣ¡øøҲһһɣҡҡͷ˵
ҩڣҩ֮£жÿڡ
ҩһǳӴڲΪġһֻҩһսãһÿڡҴۺͳƴۣǼսõĳϡ
սõҪǸҩڵİȫʲôҪҲǼսø
˼սҪÿ֮⣬һרŸӪΪҩ׬ȡƸÿڣλڼս֮¡Ȩ棬Ҫڼս֮ϡ
˵øÿڸҲһ飬ҪѯЩÿڸ˵ǶԾԵ̬ʲô

Ĺ
ҩҴۺͳƴ۴žԽ¹ϻԪڲã۲վĊ说۱ҲԪռ䣬ĹĹ
Ĺ¹ϻԪĹߡȻǻԪ֮
ǰ¹ϻԪĻԪ֮һά켫֮ĻԪۡλ¹ϴɣ¹ϻԪң֮Ĺվѹס˸˶¹ϻԪĹ
ԪռڵĸڱϣҲĹĹǣĹΪԪ֮Ҳǲʵ顣
ˣҩڵѾԴء说Ĺ
Ĺ۾说۵Ļ˵ͷ
ˣ֪ҩڻ᲻ֱӴԡ说۽˵һ䡣
ͳ죬˻˼ǣĹŊ说ʵ
说ۣɲǰµˡ˵ҩδǸԣ说ӦòĲŶԡ
ڹ۲վˣ˱öࡣˣ̫ˡңδ켫֮ߡҾãкܴǱ
ҩֱӴԣδϧ
ң˻˵һֱҩεУĹҪһЩҪõҩþΪĹãԺϣĹԾͲҩڡ说ٺܿ졣
ĹǰԼ뷨˵˳
ͳ죬˵ģֺγǣǺѲġĹЦЦҡͷ


3594 ֮
ҩ߾ԣһֵܼ顣
ĹҲ޷ҩֱ¹ϻԪڣҩһԵڻԪռ֮У㵤ʦеľҩڵĳԱǴҩ߳ġ
ֱӶҩ֣붼Ҫ롣
ĹȷʵҲһЩ˼Ͳע¡
þΪԼãҪӳ顣ֱҪ˿϶ǲеģȫÊ说ڹ۲վͽԿ
ڹ۲վʱ̽ҩڼսóϵĿڷ硣ǵ˼ҩڿҲûоη侰ԡ说ֶĹ˵
һ㵹Ԥ֮СҩڣҲǴڶ֮ﰡڲҪڱ¶ĸΪءԱǼ֮ҩڶûѡµǲ룬ʵҩڲҵʵѡ
ҩ֮ڣĵʦ٣Щʦǲһ㡣ĹЦЦ˵оԵߣ츳ߣҩڵȻҲ֪ҩǿʢʱڣǲںһԵģǻֱӶԾд̡Ȼڣȱˡ
ҩھԣֻδأ说۵
Ʋ⣬ĿǽԿаɣϣ״̬ǾܹΪһҩˡǣǲžԪռߡĹ΢Ц˵
ˣͳ죬Ȼع۲վɣĹֶԊ说۵
ǣ说۸ˡ
ڊ说뿪󲻾ãһɫĹǰ
ų뾰صϢĹͳǺ˵
ֻǺܼ򵥵˵֣Ӱʧڴ֮С

ҩܲ
ҩÿڸˣԱٻء
һֱվҩܲģģһգȫҩۼ
һգҩڣնԵЩѰ
ҩڳԱҲ˽ۡ
սӰλ۵Ļ棬Ϊټġ
ĸÿڣҩڵĺÿڡĸÿ֮⣬ҩڻһЩÿڴڣЩÿԶĸÿȡ
սãҩڵÿڡãǸҩڸÿڣ¹ϻԪûз֮ǰõⴥ쵽ǿʢԪռġãҩƸɵÿڣֶɵӰãרŸ鱨ÿڡ
ǰӰõĵλҩʵҲߣҩڵĴԽԽ΢鱨ⰵӰõĵλȻ֮ˡ
λУսʱ䶼ҩܲšͰӰλĴʱҩ֮ܲ⡣
ʱĸ˵ҩ֮⡣
ս˵˴ټǣΪǸоԵˣս
ţսλ˵ԼĲ²⡣
ţӦΪǸԡսͷ
һһά켫֮ߣɱ˱ǡЦһ֮У͸ŲΪȻ˼
оԵܹҡҡͷ˵
ΪŸӦֱɱˡһĻҩڱεĿס˵
ƺ«ʲôӰʵ
ӰԸƣƽʱûصҩܲ󣬼һֶû˵⼸λڵ̸ֻԱ߿ţӾͺȫû˵Ļ
ֱʱֱӶѯʣ̧̧Ƥӡ
һУϴ˵ıǡӰ˵һ䡣
⻰û˵ϴ˾ϣﻹټǣЦһ
ҩڣѲ˰ս̾һ
ԣʱʵ
õĹǸ𲻶ϵɵҲٹ顣ټܶˡ
ʱڹ塣ս˵
Դ˽ģǼսµҳϺͳƳϡ
λɣ
ʱҩڴϵ
ϵλɫ˲һ
ҩ
һɿռ֮٣գʱǳһڣǰҩڵλϡ
϶Լλ
⼸λҩڵĵλֻ֮¡ҩôǵĵλ֮¡
գ֮ԽǽлΪǸоԵߡˣǰѱ˻ϻ˵
Ӱ桭֪˰ɣϿӰ


3595 
ϵ⣬ƱȽ֣Ӱȴ̾ˡ
Ӱɫ˵ȷʵѴڰд̽ھԵϢ
ҪĲǾˣõ˾ԣ͵ڵõݳ˼֡
Ӱ֪ھԵϢǴﴫȥ𣿡ӰϿŰӰʵ
޷֤ԷüΪأûκӰҡҡͷ˵ȷһǣ²Ǵҩڲ
ʵҲסġҩܹƹ۲վԷ¡ε˵
ӰãδҵϢԴͷҩڵЩ߲㣬Ҳֻ֪û֤ݵ²˵֪ĹϢųȥġ
ȻϢѾԴӾ͸ˡӰϳ˵ԼҪԡ
ϵ˵ͷ
ֿλ
λҲ˵˵ԼĿɡϵ
ϴˣоԵߣԪռߡΪӦýĨɱ»ȷԼĿ
ԴӣδҴҳǿе֪ӼΪᣬ켫֮ôɱˣЩϧȻΪŵİȫѣҲֻɱսһ˵
ս̬Щģƺ봦ԣžԿܸҩڴ޴ʧҲֻɱԡ
ã̫ʱûġ˵оԵĵʦֻһά켫֮ŵãɣȻûл뿪ǿԽר˵
λһ⼸λҲͳһ
ӰĿأֿӰʵ
ӰƤӣ϶ʵĻų˵Ҿãþһ£ϴ˾á
ҩڵȺ߲ԱĿĶΪ档
ŴԣΪ濼ǡ
봦ԣǺ¾֣֮ӶܿƵˣǿǵŵãþĵʦǶŵȶнϴİ
ս鷳ȥ壬Դ̻϶Լս˵
Ⱥˣδ뾰չ档ҪԣҲӦһ档
ǣսӦһ
սǰ壬򿪾ڵͤ
Դͤ߳
¹ϻԪҩڣѱͤʱ䡣
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Ц买˹֡
ڣȥҩϴˣҪ㡣ս˵
ŶǾҪη𣿡΢Цʵ
սüžԴʵȻǺߣеĻҪһЩԣ߰ɣ
Ըżսҩռֱ֮Ӵ͵λڵķ䡣
λϣѾˡսֶϵ
ڣ˵ĿⶼھԵϡ
ڿԵʱ仯ΪԵͣҲԤϡľһ£Լƺδͣܵһά켫֮ߡ
ҩ֮Ун϶ʹòм츳ߣҲûܴﵽ켫֮ġ
ˣҲƵ뷨
ԣǷܹ΢˿ֱӶԾʵ
ǵģԵͷӦ
ԣҩڲ֮ءҩ֮ڣҲֻгΪˣܹʸѧϰĵԴ˵ҩǾԲȥġϻ˵㣬ǷԸҩڣ
ҩڣ̧̧ü
Ȼڼҩ֮һҲ뿪ҩڰ벽㣬ֻڱķΧڻ˵һ䡣
仰ԲЦһ
ԷЦڳˣݶһžԡ
ҼҩڣҩڻҪҵɣǸҴδ˵ĵ
֪ҩ¹ϻԪڵĴλءˣҩҲ˰Ե¡
˵ʵԸԼĻԪռ䣬ҳ¹ϻԪǺǡˣΪ˼ҩڣΪԼʧȥɡҪģǽ͹һ¡
˵仰̬


3596 ش
Ե̬ȣҩ˸е𾪣
ǸûԾֵܱӲƶ֮صߣӦΨΨŵŵƾòŶԵ
ϷʾǷԸҩڣδԻܾԼҩڣǶԾԼĶˡΪǴžܱס
Ե֮̾˵ҩڣܴҩڳȥϣȷʵҲ;Ե츳ֱӴԡ
벻ǣԾǺԥľܾˣ˵һӲĻֳ̬ҪҩƽȶԻӣ
ڶݵľ֮ҩ˵ı÷ŭ
һƶ֮ССһά켫֮Ԫۣô˵㣬ʶô㣬˵ҩ°Ե
ԣǻûŪԼٵĴսԣ˵
͵ѧҩڿֱӽ㴦ս˵һ䡣
ս⻰ⰡЦЦ
һơ˵͵ѧʹˡ˵
СӣˡǣûǸʱСҲûʸҩ˷̫ʱ䡣Ӱһ֣ɫ
˵ҩڵĵӲ⴫㣬ҩڵԱ¹ϻԪߡڣ㾹ƱԼû͵ѧĵǿЦ
ǺǣҩڵʱܱҾԵʱͬ󡣡
Ը¹ϻԪ֤ҵĳ⡣ҵĻԪռ¹ϻԪķѵʱɲꡣ
ѵҩھͿ˵͵ѧģԿӰϵ
һϢӰŭЦһ
ϣҿҪ˵ˣֱӽĨɱɣӰתϵ
ž˵Ȼ㲻ԸҩڣǾûʲô˵ˡҩڣֻܽ㴦
ҾʵȻǺǿҲҩ˵ʹġ΢С
Сѣ̻϶ԾЦЦһ
תĿ̻ϡ
㣬ѧģ̻϶Ծʵ
õҵĻԵڴ֮ǰҴδ¹ϻԪûеҩڡָ͵ѧ޵˵
СѣһֱҩС㣬εõ̻ʵ
ʵҩڵ϶Ǳ۽˾ڵ˽򡣾䲻Ǵӱֱӵõ䵽˾ԵС
εõҪҩڽ͡˵
λ˵һֱֻҩڲգǴġ˵
˵ʲô
˶ȫǺ
ȫԪѵ˻Ʒ
ҩ˷׷ŭ⾰ԡ
λ
һֱǵ֪ǴġЦ˵ȷʵһּ⼫ɵҪ˵ĵֻҩڲգǿɾʹشˡ
ҵʣҩεõѵǼλϴģԿǰλҩϡ
޴С
ȫԪڣ˭֪ҩڿʦԢҩĵӰЦһ
ţһ
Ԣҩɵ
ȷʵЩû뵽
С㻹ʲô˵ӰϼԳĬЦ˵
¹ϻԪڣĻԪռ䣬һ£ҩڿʦԢҩɵΪԪĵ֮һ
ˣҲžԡ
ԢҩȻԢҩǰû̫˽⣬ܹɵĵʦ˾Ի
Ԣҩ񴴳δؾֻҩ֮ڰɣǸʱԢҩҲ̸أֻҩڲ֪¡˵
ҿСѼӲӰվŭ壬ɨžԡ
ɵô״ڸˣӰϵ̧˺ܶࡣ
״ڸˣһᴫڸˡ
˵Ȼ󣬵ڻԪУҲ㲻ϵһɵ֪ٻɵᲢǳԽӭӰϵĿ⣬û˿η塣
Ԫ֮УȷʵɵͬεɵһͬΪԪĵڻԪڣҲֻʣˡһ¹ϻԪҩڵһ޻Ԫ˵ϳ


3597 Ԫһ
ԪĵѲڡ
ܿģֻ¹ϻԪ޻Ԫ˵֡
ԪĵͬɵЧ죬ǷһԱȵĻҲǸǧɵȷʵҲġ
мŷǵ֮ĻԪһһ㣬ҲȫԪϵġϧǣŷƷʧˣĻԪܹƼŷ
ŷ֮ɵҲͬɵвͬģ˵һɵŵڶһɵŵһɵŵġ
ΨмŷǹϵĻԪǿɵ
ԣҩڵ֪̫ˡ̻ϻ˵
ҩʦԢҩڵϵǿ󣬿ɲֻһ̻֡΢΢˿ԶƵԢҩʱǻԪϵǿʦǵһʦûˣܹһ㡣
Կ̻ϡ
ǿ̻ᵽԢҩʱ¶ɣڳÿһҩԱԢҩֵʱ򣬶¶ƵĹԡ
ԿԢҩȻɵܾúܾãľӰ죬δҩʧ
̻ϵĻȴЩɻ̻˵Ԣҩǵ֮ĻԪһʦƾһɵдͷ
ҩʦԢҩ񣬿ɲֻ
ԣ֪Ƿ˵ŷʧѾõɵ̻Ŀ⿴ʵ
ŷһ
ź֮֮ǰԲû˵ŷɵǵ֮سʱ֪ŷɵơ
Ŵۣŷĵ͸˾ԡ
ûŷҲ֪ŷôӦ֪ŷǻԪĵ֮ס̻ϵ˵ͷ˵
Щ̫סѵŷҲҩʲôϵɣüʵ
ȻˣӰһ˵СˣŷҲҩʦԢҩɵ
֪ҩʦԢҩǺεȵ˰ɣӰ
ŷҲԢҩɵ
ԣû
֮ǰŴҲûж˵ŷԻΪŷŴڿŴֻмŷĵŷԢҩ
Ԣҩ񣬿Ŵͬʱ
룬Ԣҩ䣬ǷҲǺڌIйء
ŴԪǿڌI۽սȫԪĶǿ߾սˡջˣ޼Ŵά켫֮ĴڶľֻܽԼڌIһ֮ء
ԢҩҩڵĿʦ˼ŷôΪڵҩڣƼŷˣԳʵ
Ե仰ҩɫࡣ
ԣںܾǰԪŷһδѡһѣǣȫԪÿһԪռ䣬ܵ޴ĳӰ졣ܶҩ䷽ȵȣ˳˶ϲ㡣ŷˡ
һδУҩҲȫܶඥĶûܱ̻˵
뵽Ŵۡҩ˵ĴѣָܾڌI۽һԪһ°ɣ
ϡ̻ϡ
ҿҲԥˡȻԼԸҩڣ㽫䴦ɣӰٴ˵Ҫԣںǳ˵ʲôʦҲ
ǺǣһɺԡӰЦ
΢΢Ŀ⿴˿Ӱϡ
λȲҪż
˵ģɲſڿӣиݵġ˵
ʲôݣӰһͺȴӿд
ˣҲžԣǵҪԻ˵һЩʲô
ҩ޷Ƴŷ԰ɣ۾΢С
ϻ
ֱ֪ν
ղ˵úˣŷʧܹƣҩڡ
Сӣ㲻Ҫʱˣûκ壡
Ӱϵˣ׷׿ںǳ⾰ԡ
죬˵Ϣһȵ
ڵȻֹеˣһ¡
һƼŷλô˵ҽŷƳǻΪҵǴҩ͵ѧ𣿡ҩڸ߲㶯ŭ֮ǰ˵
ʲô
˵ʲô
Ƽŷ
һΣҩľסˡϡ̻ϻмսȵȫˣԲ۾žԡ
С˵ʲôʧļŷ
ԣ˵ǡŷԪĵеļŷһԾʵ
ûƼŷԪĵеļŷԵ˵ͷҩڶƵɵȴƳ˵ڵϣٲǱҩ˰ɣ


3598 Ҫ֤
ҩλϻһۡ
Լ˵ҩ޷ƳŷҾȴơܲ˵ŷҲ͵ѧҩڵİɣ
Ӱµ˵Ƽŷ֤
ŷʧѾãҲŴܹơ˵
սáõû˵
Цһ
ĿһתҩѲƼŷӦûʶŷġ
ھҩڵλ˵ǲǼŷԷȡһһƿ
ƿ֮ʢŵģǼŷ
żŷǾڴ˽¹ϻԪ·Ƴġ֮Ƶļŷʱͱʱùˡ
ҩžԡ
սߵߣӹƿƿ͵С
ϽӹƿЩӡ
ҲžܹƼŷǡ˵ѣԾ̫׾ˣܱ𴩡
˿߿ƿƿ
һŵҩɳ
ӰϺ̻϶ˣŻɳĵҩ
սλҲĿתĿɵ
ϵĺЩ١΢ļ
ҩ䲻ƳŷǹڼŷļеġϾŷҩڿʦԢҩɵңϵ˵ܹȷóɵЧ
ӰϺ̻ϣҲǵԲ۾
ʵݲǲš
óŵҩǼŷԪĵ֮׵ļŷ
⡭ôܣӰϵͺһ
ŵҩȷʵǼŷдϳ˵
Сѣôмŷ̻תĿʵ
ҩ֮ڣûмŷˡȫԪڣҲܾúܾòֹŷӰˡ
ǽ죬ٴμ˼ŷǴһΪóġ
ƵġЦ
ܣôƼŷӰ̾ͷ
ʵͰǰҪ˵𣿡ԿӰϡ
ҲƼŷȻóŵҩǼŷֻʲôطõġӰ˵
ӰϡϺһ䣬Ӱҡҡͷ
ֿԣ¶΢Ц˵Сѣɷ֪ŷǴʲôطõģ˵ǴѧƼŷķ
˼ҵĸܡ϶ǴҩѧҲһǴҩѧҡͷ˵
СԣеǣǿС˵ŷ
ŷҩڶԣǷСƼŷݾͲһˡ΢Щ
һһҲ⡣ҩڣǴҵĳҩڽʹ¡Ѿ˵ñȽӦܹ뿪˰ɣ˵
СѲż뿪ҩڣȻˣൢ鼸Ҳ޷԰ɣСܹƼŷҩڱɡ
ֻСѻҪһ£ǰƳŷϵ
Сѿ֮뿪ҩڣǲֹϽ˵һ䡣
Ƽŷü
ϵͷ
ԣ㲻Ҫ˵ҩ㲻ƼŷɣģҪκβϣҩڶ㡣Ӱϳ˵
Ӱ˵ȻЩӲԾԵĳƺѾСӡ֮ı֡
ԣͬˡ룬Ӧ
ãȻСͬƼŷʱͶ֮Σ׼ʱ䲻㣬ҲԶӼաϾһ˵
УɡԵͷ
˵֮󣬾ǽֳҲƳŷ
սСȥļսϢСκҪ㶼Ҫ׵㡣϶ԼսԸ
ǣϡսӦ
СѣǾȥϢɣ죬úõǣڴպ󿴵Ƴŷ΢ЦԾԵ
Ͻŷ˾ԡ
λϹ˹֣żս뿪ҩȥս塣
֮ǰǱڹ壬ﷸݡڣȻѾ˾޴ת䣬ﷸ˿ˡȻɿ϶Ǳƣǰ֮
аӰλѹе𾪡
ܹƼŷǴʲôҩܹ»üŷĵҩζʲô
ƼŷϴǻþԾ뿪ҩ
λҲɢ˰ɣ⼸ܲһ֤ͬСƼŷ϶Խ˵


3599 ﾡ
λӦ뿪ҩ
Ӱϡ̻ϣǶλΣϿλϡ
ǲžܹƼŷġӰ˵
̻üҡҡͷ
С֮ҪƼŷʱ޷Ƴŷν̻ͣ˵
ʵ̻Ҳ̫žܹƼŷ
˵ǻԣʲô壿ĻԣҲ̫ײˡ̻ϣ벻ס
СóļŷҿŷʱЩ޷ƼѾ̫̫ãûмŷˡŷǰҩǿʢʱٹⰡʱȫԪÿҩڵɫϺһ˵
ӰϺ̻Ҳ̾Ϣһ
СܹƼŷǿɾ˲ˡ
ϣԾ˵ܹƼŷҩڱɵ뿪⣬װɣӰϿ˵
ЦЦ˵λôġ
ҩ֮λһֱڿȱ״̬ʵҲʵѡΡȻڹȥϳʱҲˣǵȷʵЩǿ෴Եҡҡͷ
СֱܹŷҵĴǣƵҩλȥҩڣһѵѡ񡣡ѹһ
ϵ仰ӰϺ̻ˣ񶼶Ȼһ䡣
ԣƵλϣ
⡭˰ɣӰü˵ԣԪߡǶ˽⣬̫ˣܶҩҳ𣿡
ҵЩģСѻ᲻Ըⵣҩ֮λ̻˵
ҩ˵ҲһΪ顣ңռŷĵҩʦԢҩҲԸϵϵҩڣȻҲκ񡣡ϵ
һ£˵λҩڵˡ֮λٿȱȥˡĵģ
ӰϺ̻϶˵ͷ
ȾƳŷ˵ɡǲƳɹӰϰ˵

ս塣
սžԵϼս壬Ը԰µס
µסԲǹϵܱȡ
ԣ⼸վס⼫սϰɣսЦŶԾ˵㲻Ҫª
սˣɱȹ̫ˣҺ⡣ЦЦ
κ󣬶ֱᡣҪʲôÿ
죬뾰׼״̬ѡսžԡ
սġ΢Ц
šǸսһֹ̬
սʲôҪҽ𣿡Ե
ҲûʲôҾк档㡭ܹƼŷ𣿡սĿзž⡣
֮󣬼ս֪ˡ룬ҲǻֳۿƼŷİɣ˵
ս˵ͷУúϢҾͲˡ

ϴ˻ûоδǸץľ𣿡
һЩʱ䣬ǸԱҩҩǱ壬Ǳս˴˼սס
ѵϴ˲㴦ˣ
Ӧõİɣ
Ҳ²⣬ܿþҩڡԣϾܹ
ԣҩ֮ڣΪҩҲﾡá
һǾò̫ף˱Ͼҩڵˡʼһ
ţҲͬ뷨
ϴ˺ͼλ˾飬Ҳֵܹġ
ҩ֮ڣھԵкܶࡣ
ҩһǳӴڲи塣λ֮£λλ֮£ʮÿڡЩÿ֮⣬ҩ֮ڣ
ԣϵľҲȻкܶҩɽͷڱۡ
ҩ¹ϻԪ״ˡϿҩǻԪռڲַࡣҩƿأǻһЩҩԴӱ֮λһֱȱڲĻԹ
ЩÿڵĸˣҲǱԼǰһ̯ӣȡĮӵ̬ȡλϣҲֱӲָÿڵ񣬸û취ȥ߰¡
ҲΪˣλ϶еҪƳȥܿأȴһֱҵʵѡ
Ϊؼһ㣬ҩѡЩҲ˵򵥵˵ҩλãҩڲԼͿԵġ
ҩһΪ¹ϻԪĿⶼšҩʲô鷢Ԫռڵĸжٵʸʡ


3600 ֳ
˵ҩڵʵҩڵ⣬Ҳ¹ϻԪ⡣
ť˸ܣھĹ֪º̱֪ͨҩڵϡ
ҲΪҩڵ⣬ҩλǣҩڲѡþĹ˵Ŀ϶֮һǳ鷳顣
պ󣬾ٴνҩ
һΣԵ˱͵ĵطһĴ
żսʱǾۼ˲ˡҩڵλϣҲѾ
ûճҩԱڶࡣҩ֮ڵĸ߲Ա֮д󲿷˲֪Լ˴αټҩԭ
֪ԽڽƼŷģֻλϺλ
Ǹˡ
Ǿ𣿡
ǵģǾԡ
ϴеôģԣô鷳ҪɱɱҪһһά켫֮ߣôԾ죬Ƕټˡ
ϴȻпǵġ
ȷʵǷǳᰡ
֮ڣҩڵԱĿⶼŸոսľԡһˣ̸š
Сѡ΢ЦŶԾԺһ
ϡλϹ˹֡
϶ԾԵ̬ȣڳĴ󲿷ԱЩ⡣Ϊֳ̬Ĳһϴ˾ҲûҪôɣ
λҩڳԱϻȫ
Ҹǽһ£λСѣǾԡСҩͣмˣôҶʶһ¡ϻ˵
ڣֻϵ˶ֳĬĿгɻ
죬СѽǰƼŷϼ˵
ʲô
ŷ
˵ܹôƼŷˣ
ϴˣԻƼŷ
ŷûɣ˵֮ʧ˰ɣ
Ⱥһӱ
ڳˣҩڵĸ߲ԱǶ֪ŷ˵ܹƣǿܴδŷʵǾ֪ŷҩڿʦԢҩһɵλлԪĵ֮ס
С˵ƼŷЦ
Сѣ׼𣿡ֿѯʡ
׼׵ˣơԵ˵ͷ۾˵Ƽŷ֮ڡҲһҪ󡣡
СʲôҪ󣬶ᡣҪʲôϣҩڶ㡣Ц˵
ϾУҪҩ׼Ƽŷʱ򣬲λš˵ҪһģӰĿռ䡣
ԵȻЩҩڵ˿ԼƼŷȫ̡
ҩóʲôҩڵЩ˹ۿọ̈̄ǼŷƷͺܱܿҩڵѧȥ
ŷĵǾԴŴãǴҩҲǴԢҩáԣû񽫼ŷƷҩڡ
ԵĻλ϶һۡ
ԣ˵Ĳסž˵ǲۿƼŷ֪ǵҩơۿǼóŷҲԭеġ
ǺǡЦһ
Ž˵λȻҲҩڵˣܲǺ˽⡣
ɫһõĿⶢžԡ
ոƳĵҩһʱĵҩǺԵġֻҪһɵʦһ۾ͿжϵóԼ˵
СԲ̻ϵ˵ͷƳĵҩһʱĵҩȷʵͬȻҩЧ𲻴󣬵Ǻжϳġ
СѵĹǣҲǺġϡӰϣҿǾС˵ɡ̻Ͽ¡Ӱλϡ
ԡӰϱĵͷ
ϿžԵСѣǾͰ˵ġúķڣƼŷƽٳ
лԹֵл
һ㣬ƼŷʱϺλҩڵĵҪ̽顣ʧܣɾͲҵˡԲһ䡣
Сѷģҩ£ô㱣֤ƼŷĹУԲ̽顣ϵͷԱ֤
ãǾͿʼɣ˵
һˣķ֮СҩˣڴڵȺ
ϴˣ⡭ô£ҩڣΪԿŽǸƧ֮شڣô˵ܹƼŷˣһѯʡ
ˣҲλϡ


3601 ³¯
λϺλ˿ܶһͷˮ
ǸƼŷɾôƳŷ
ЦЦ˵ȷʵΪŽҩڡ˵Լյ֮ԴҩڡΪ֤һ㣬ԳƲܹƼŷ
ڣ
ϴˣ˵ѰɣŷѶʧƼŷ˵
ʵǶԴҲţȷʵǰóһżŷ̻΢Ц˵
ó˼ŷ
ôᣡ
ҩڣҲûмŷˡ
Ǵʲôطõļŷ
һʱ䣬ӡ
̧̧֣ڰóļŷ֤ļŷ
ֻǣȻó˼ŷ֤ŷԼơԣԼҪ
ս⣬ҲڴˡƳŷҲһ֤ͬ۾
ҩڣ޷ƼŷܹƳ˵ǡ
Ƴŷ
ȫԪڣûܹƼŷˡ
ϴǸһᣬ޷Ƴŷʲô˵
ȻˣǾ͵ſɣ

Сڣ
ԣڵ¯֮ǰѾʼƼŷ
ûҪҩṩҩĲϣһǲŷĲϱ¶ȥҲΪ˱ŷƳҩڿнҪҩ
֮ʱǶƼŷɵƣԿ˵ǺϤʱҩڵҩڣƼŷҲʲôѶȡ
ƹ̺˳
ҪעģƼŷ棬ҪֹҩԼƼŷĹ̡
һº󣬾Զһ¯ŷƽ¯ȡҩͣƳɹ
ŷƳ󣬾Բδ뿪С䣬ֹһµʱ䣬ŴСص
УԲδ֣ҩԼ˿ϵ˻Զŵġ
Ծά켫֮ʵ쳣ǿҩţǲùԵġ
žԣҪԷ֣ҲǸά켫֮ĻԪۡ¹ϻԪûиά켫֮ǿߣҩ֮ȻûǸǿߡ
ԾȷҩԼ
ԴС߳ȥڵˣǵĿ⣬˲Ϣ۽˾Եϡ
ҩڵλϣҲĿžԡ
ھӽʱڼû;뿪ңڵžԵ
СѣƼŷĪǽˣϳʵЩ졣
Ϊʱ̫ˡ
ʱ䣬Ƴŷ
ƣʱ䣬Ҳֹ¡ŷƣҪҪһЩ
Ǻǣԣ㲻ǣʧ˰ɣӰϴЦž˵
ЦƳɹˡ
ʲô
Ƴɹˣ
Ƽŷ
ܣҲţ
Ƽŷƹ˳ʱҲƳһ¯ŷɵɣ
֮Уڶݵİ󣬶ʱһƬ
˿˫ĿŹ⣬嶼ЩСѣȷŷƳˣ
ȷҩԻζһʢƿ
սڵõϵԵǰ
Խƿսսƿ͵С
λϣ鶼ǳءӰڣɫ쳣ࡣ
Сѣǿ֤ƵĵҩˡֶԾԵ
㡣̧˸Ķ
ŷ
Ǽŷû
ҡƳġŵҩƳʱ仹̡ܶ
ļŷ⡭
λϣԲ۾
ڵҩڸ߲ԱһҲ۾գеļŷ
ϴˣŵҩƵģʵ
ţȷƵģճ¯áϵͷ˵
ҩƳȻ޷жϳȷĳ¯ʱ䣬ȷһʱȫġһŵҩǱƳһ꣬ڱճ¯ͻԵ
ϴˣ⡭ļŷɣӰƺ«Ҳ̲סˡ
ûǼŷٴεͷ
λϣҪģҶѾˡڣӦÿ֤һǴҩ͵ѧ˰ɣ΢Ц˵
˵ߣٶȵļе˾ԵϡһΣ˵ĿУ˾˼顣


3602 ҩ֮
ŵ˵ŷΪԪĵ֮ףһ̶ϸıԪֵġ
˵ٶضȫԪȻ󲨡
˭뵽;ļŷڻԪһ죿
ŷ֮оԵС
ڵһ˫˫۾Լʱ򣬾ԱܵȻҩҪֶͨԼŷҲη塣
аգԼά켫֮Ԫ۵ʵҩܲɱȥ
ֻҪ¹ϻԪûиά켫֮ĻԪۣܹǿ¾ԡ
ĺһ
λ֮ϣվ
߹ȥŲ֮ǰƳļŷԡ
ԣ£ȷʵǴҩڡϿžԣ˵
ΪĵһֱҩڵСҩ֮ڣҲֻѧϰҲûĵʦܹƳ
ԣ֪ܹ뵱ȻΪǴҩá
ڿһ󡣡ϵ̬ȺǳϿҡ
Ե˵ͷ˵ҲûʲôȻᣬ˵ˡҴԼĻԪռ¹ϻԪҩڣĿҲҩ˵¡
ϣҴ뿪¹ϻԪҵĻԪռ䣬ûɣϵ
ȴҡҡͷ֣ص˵С㻹̾뿪
ϣǰ׿˵Ƴŷҩڱ㲻ҵɡü
СҪᡣ
ǣֻһæ˵
ʱӰϺ̻λҩڵϣҲվ
£ʵ
СѣɷƲ˵̻϶ԾԵ
΢ԥһ£ͷͬ⡣
սӰλҲ϶ҩλ
ǣλӦ
ҩڵλϡλоԣ󷽵С䣬ҲǾƼŷǸ䡣
ϴǣҪ뾰ʲô飿
ôƼŷģ
ܹƳŷҩڲ뿪ŷҩڵġ
ûŷҩڿʦԢҩɵ
þ뿪Ҳŷĵ
ϴ뾰飬ӦþҪ佻ŷĵ
ڵˣ۷׷סЩҩڵĸ߲㣬ԼŷȻҲۺúܡþԾô뿪ǲܸĵġ

ϣҪҽŷĵǾͲÿˡŷҲύҩڣҲС󣬾ֱӾ˵
΢Ц˵СȲҪżǲҪǿ㽻ŷ
ŶҪ˵ʲô£ʵ
λϣһۡ
̻ϳ˵Сѣ˵˵ҩڵһЩ
ҩڵûʲôϵɣü
СѣҲ޷ġҲᣬ̫ʱ䡣ӰϿ˵
ãҾԵ˵ͷ
˵ҩڵ֮ǰǵС֣صĵǸǰǻ㡢㣬ǴģҩҪΪˣǸ˵
԰ֵڴѾ˵ûϵ
СѣȻؿˡЦЦ
ڵҩڣ¹ϻԪڣáҩһ֮£¹ϻԪҩĽڡЩˡЩҩڵõô
ҩµٳ޷ҲЩйء
СѣӦ˵ְɣʵ
΢΢Щľ
ҩڵ
ϵķʣԵͷȷʵ˵۵һЩš˵Ǵ¹ϻԪӳȥģӵ˽򣬺ֱ¹ϻԪǿץ˻ȥģҾͲˡû뵽Ǳ۾ҩ
ûҩڵֻ̾Ϣһҡҡͷ
Щ̫ףΪʲôҩڵѡⲿҲֹܲʣ̧üʵ
ҩ¹ϻԪǱȽġһ̶ϣҩܴ¹ϻԪġҩڷʲô飬ҲֱӰ쵽¹ϻԪ֮ǰҩڵͲҩڱ¹ϻԪҲڱеĹϵһ仰Ҳ˵̻˵
Ե˵ͷҴˣҲܹ⡣Ӱ죬ȷʵ̫ˡ
ֻǣһǲ̫ףΪʲôҪ˵Щ飿ɻʵ
Ϊþ㣬ҩµ˿ֱ˵仰
Ҫԣҩڵ


3603 ٹ
ϵ仰۾Ȼһ
ҩ
ȷʵûҪҩҲûҩڻҪ
λͬ鶸䣬Щ𾪵Ŀϡ
ڴ֮ǰλʵҲڵһΪλҪӾлȡŷĵ벻λϾҪԳΪҩڵ
Ȼ˵ˣӰϺ̻ϵ̬ȻҲȷġλûǰϲðȻ˵ҪԵҩĻ
ҩٿȱȥˡϼ˵ΪǺʵѡ
ϣЩס
Ǹˣ¹ϻԪߡ
ҩҪλãΣü˵
ԣҩڶԣ㲢ˡҡͷ
˵ûԣ㲢ˡ̻Ͻӿ˵
㲻Ƽŷɵ֮㲢ǴڵҩáȻûиǣεõɵ֮ģⲢҪҪǣܵõɵ֮ҩڿʦԢҩ֮Ե֡
Ҳ˵õԢҩĴС
ԣƹҩڣǺʵġûˣλá˵
ѾһΪɾƹҩȷѡ񡣡ӰҲ
ڵҩڣҪһܹͳȫֵҪһˣҩطԻ͡ޱȵ֣ء
Գû̻Ӧ
ԣҲ֪֮ǰҩûκνӴҩڣûʲôСҩڵǿʢ˥ܣûʲôϵǣȻõԢҩĴУҲ뿴ҩڱ˲ʳ߽ɣ
˵Ϊҩڵ֮󣬶˵ҲǼΪġ֪һά켫֮ĻԪۣ˽ڣǿĻԪۡɷȫԪһά켫֮㲻϶ǿߡԣҲһҪڵ;ߵø߸ԶɣĿзžԾ˵
ҩ֮ڣԴӦоСĲϣһֲҩڶҲȫԪ¾û˻ܹҵӰ˵
ԣǰڵǸ˽Ϊĳ֣һ۵ĻƧ֮ءƬķǳƶ񤣬Ĳ֮١ȷʵǻӰнȡ̻˵
ԣڳΪҩǻȨƣȫءϼһιҩڡֻҪǹغҩĴ£Ƕָ֡Գһ衣
ҩλ˵ЩҲĶˡ
һ㣬޿ɱ粵ʵԴϣҩھԲܹȡ
ŷĲϣ˽Ҳҵ̫ˡз̻ﾰԲͣѰҵĲҲࡣҲΪˣ뾰ԹϵܵˣʹãҲֻڹؼʱ
˼һ
ۺΪҩȷʵǶԼż洦㹻ĲϣƳŷԼҲܸӿ١
Ҳ֪Ǹ֮ӳȥĺڌIˡһ㣬뾡ʵά켫֮
һ㣬Ϊҩڵ֮ӦþֱӽӴԪЩԪռ䣬ҲΪԸڌI׼
Ŀһ¡Կڡ
λϺλžԡ
ҽˣҿԵҩԵ
ã
̫ˡϵ˶ϲ
λһۡ
λ˵þԵҲ⡣һЩ̫ӦҲ֪һȷѡǣûȥԡολľ˷ԣҲѸı뻹ڴڵľԱһ·Դ¡
ĸ˶Թݼ
Զλ˰֡
ԣλҩĸÿڵĸˡλǼսλǽ
̻϶ԾϸĽܼսˡ
˵ĸÿں˵ҩÿڵԼҩڴϵĽṹܡ
̻ͨϵĽܣǶҩϸµ˽⡣
ʱʱȥλϡԻλŴСص
վϵߡ
λϳ
ڣǰ
ڣһ¡
ԣΪҩڣһ΢Ц˵ϣҩڣܹھĴ֮£ػ۷壬ٹ⡣


3604 ֮
ʲô
ԳΪҩһ
ڵˣΪϺͼλС뾰˽½ҪӾлȡŷĵȴ벻ϵ˳ľǾԳΪҩһ
ϴˣ⡭Ϊʲôž֮У˳ʵ
ϴˣҩڵ䣬ҩڵȨߡԣܴ֮λ
ڳģҩ֮ڸ߲ǣȻҲ룬ϽΪʲôɾҩ֮λ
ԲܹܹƼŷ
ȻˣǲֱþԵҩҪǣԵõҩʦԢҩĴС룬ʦԢҩҲϣܹҩԻ͡˵
ԢҩĴߡ
ڵ˲ð
ԢҩĴߣȻݾȫͬˡһȷʵҲҩڵˣԢҩĵӣǰӡ
˵ԵõԢҩĴһ㣬ûʲô˻ɡ
ԭܼ򵥣ܹƼŷǵõԢҩĴУǾôܹƼŷ
Ҳ˵ɡϿ˵
Ե˵ͷǰ߳
Һá
ҵ֣Ҷ֪ˡҵӦҲ
ܹҩҵҡұ֤һ߾ȫҩػ۷塣ҲϣλԺܹ֧ҩڵĹҩڣ˵ҩڡԿڳ˵
ģҩ£ͨһָϴͷ
ҩ£Ի֮ӰϺ̻ϣϵ
ҩ£Ի֮ڶÿڸ˺ҩڸ߲Ա΢΢
ЩУв٣ԾԵҩΪȻʱȳ֮£Ǳ̬
ӣʲô̬ȣͺ˵ˡ
Ͼ¹ϻԪҩڵʱ仹ܶݡǶԾԣҲû̫˽⡣
лҲڵ˹˹֡
ˣʶ͵˽ɣº󣬾ְ񣬽ҩھٰ졣˵
ϴˡˣҵȾȸˡ
ҩڵĸ߲Աǣ½뿪ҩ
ܿ죬֮Уֻʣ¾Ժλϡ
Ҵȥ塣ЦŶԾԵ
鷳ˡԵͷл
ҩλãҩҲܽңĸ߶ȣҪҩҩܲߵһɽ塣ɴ˿ɿݵλҩȷʵǷǳߵġ
Ϊҩ֮λѾȱãϣҲǼΪ侲Ǻܳʱûʹˡ
Ա֮һֱǿŵġ
ԴžԵ壬ԽʩϵĽӣȴһǳĵרΪ׼֮⣬ûκʸʹҩڵλڶûʹôȨ
Ҫס֮ˡԺһύ˹ɨһ顣϶Ծ˵
лϡԼ˵֮ǰҩ˵ºҪְٰ񣿡
ûҩڵְ񡣵ʱ¹ϻԪڶඥߡǿ䣬ǰְҩ˳ǵõ¹ϻԪϵҩͷ˵
΢΢ü
֮ǰҩҲϵ˵ѡ⣬ҩҪõҩڵϿɣҪõԪռЩϿɡ
ͷԺתתûٶ˵
ҾͲˡְ֮ǰúϢʱ䣬ҲòҪ뿪ҩܲҪȥҲ˵һüսǱ߱İȫսʵǺǿģԱ㡣˵
¾뿪ҩܲʲôΣա
ڵ¹ϻԪڣ̫ĿⶢҩڣעžԡѱҩڲѡΪְ֮ǰЩнڲϾݵġ
֪ˡϲصģʱҲ뿪ҩܲǡЦЦ
ãˡϵ

ԳΪϢܿҩȻ󲨡ҩ£ĳԱڵõϢ󣬶еǳ𾪣һԽܡ
ǲ̫ףΪʲôӦﷸݵˣͻȻ֮ͳҩڵ
ͬʱһϢҲǽɢݳƾԾʦԢҩĴߡ
˵ǻԵɺϣԢҩµһǶõԢҩĴУܹƼŷɵ


3605 Ϸ
ʵҩĹھԵϢ࣬ҩڵĳԱȻҲзǳḻǽһԢҩµżԢҩµĵ
֪ҩڿʦԢҩĴߺ󣬶ԾԳΪҩ£Ȼû̫Ŀˡ
ԢҩĴߣȻʸġ
һϢܿҲҩ֮ڣ¹ϻԪɢ
¹ϻԪڵĴĹڣδɹҩڵĹעҩڷȴ£Ǻܿ͵õصϢ
Щĸ߲㣬ԴϢҲǳ𶯡Ƕβ֤ȷҩ֮ڣȷʵҪþԵ֮λ
Ĺ
ĹԼµһȺ߲ټ
ˡһΣҩҲƴˡ֮Уһ˵ǣȻƳԵҩƣǵ̬Ⱥܼ
ҩ֮λȱɣҩڵĸ߲ͽǲѡҩУԵĳ֣һᣬҪץסᡣһ˵
ԭǻΪԱҩڣᱻǴȴû뵽ҡһ䣬ҪΪҩˡһ˿˵
ˣ˵Ԣҩ񴫳ߵݣĻǼٵģһŮ߿Ĺʵ
Ĺ˫ĿţϴŵЦ⡣
˶ֱۣ˵Ԣҩ񴫳ߵݣǼٲҪҪǣҩġ
һ£Ĺ˵ոմϢԣܹƼŷ
ʲôŷ
ôܣ
ŷ֮ʧԣƳŷ
ܹƼŷҩܹ͵ͨˡ
ˣʲôܹƳŷҩǡ
֮УһȺĹ߲㣬ȫ¡ŷ֣ÿ˵ע
ºҩְ񽫻ٰ졣룬ҩڵӦúܿͻ͵ĹˡĹЦ˵
ˣְ󣬾ԵݣǿɾͱԪȷˡһ˽˫ü
ԳΪҩڵҩڻһ¡ǣǿɲʲô¡Ҫõþǵͷͬ⡣ټһŷԺǸÿҩڵɫˣŭ˵
ǵýŪĹΪĹɵ˵
£ûصĵزǣлᡣռԣҲǲܵ顣Ĺˣ˵·չĿܣǹþԡ
þԣ˶Ĺ
ţǹáԪڵĸôˡƳĵҩɸһ䡣Ĺ
Ĺ仰ȫ׹΢ϸ룬ҶͬĹ˵
ܹƼŷɵľԣȷʵ̫ܱĳһռʵǿĹҲ޷ռԡ
ϾĹԶûеܹȫ¹ϻԪĵزڵĹǹ¹ϻԪ
ҲǿԽܵģܱΪҩõöࡣ˵ͷ˵
ŰɣºҩڣһʵԵĴϷҪݡҩ֮ڣһЩҪʹ䡣ĹϵЦݸ
ĹһȺ߲µʱ¹ϻԪҲ̸۴¡
ǸάԪռ¹ϻԪڲ֮ԣԶһ˵
ԲǸԣΪҩڵ
ûǱֹµķ
ҩڵˣáǺǣҲ̫ûǷˡ
ҩ֮λҪغģɲҩڡ
ƳһµÿǴӦӦ
ΪǾûʸҩ
ķӸڴǣѾ׼Եҩ¡
䣬ǰĹܵĹ棬Ĺ̸һĶ
һʱ䣬¹ϻԪڷӿһЩһЩУҲӴзһ
ͼŷջʵ̫ˡ
ڣ¹ϻԪһֱڷ״̬ԴϢܱڻԪռ֮ڡ´¹ϻԪǿĻԪռ䣬ֻӰ졣
ֻ¾ЩάĻԪռ䣬Ҳ޷Ȼɣ
ҩܲ塣
Ծܲɽ壬ࡣϣҲߺͻϱʾԼҪ˷̣ϼְڶŮȵԱ塣
ʱ䣬Լû뿪壬ץʱںԪ


3606 
ҩ񣬾ʱδӹܡ
ݣѵõҩڲϿɣδõ¹ϻԪĳϡҪʹȨְ֮
ʱ䣬ԻϾжȹġ
ڼ䣬ΣԽ¹ϻԪڵһЩ򡣴ϵУһɽ¥ĸо
ҲǶԱ֤ҩ»ᾡȫ֧־ԡֻҪڵҩܹʼռᶨҩ±㲻
ְٽ¹ϻԪǿ䣬½ִҩڡ
Щˣ¹ϻԪžصĵλһЩҪϳӴһֱǴûȥҲҩϵ˼
ϵˣ˻ְ֮ǰԾѣԱ飬þְֱʽʼȥЩͷˡ
ȻУҩҲ⡣ϵˣҲϣЩͷǰ뾰ԽӴҲľԱ˵ӶıⲻԸҩ֮ڡ
һգҩְʽʼ
峿ҩܲ˪㱻ս÷սԴżսõľӢ˪֮ϡ
ְľٰص㣬˪塣
˪ϣһӴĹ㳡
ڽ죬Ҫ˪壬뾭սõ顣ֻЩвμӵʸĴܵ˪塣
ҩڵλϣԼҩڸڸʱ˪塣
ÿдĸ˵˪壬սᱨ˵ݡϵˣҲӭӣҸ˵ݵλŶԷӦΡ
ܹ˪ߣ޲¹ϻԪ֮쵱
ЩˣҲû̾ϵҩ顣ңԵñȽġ
ˣ϶ŵЦݣֳһƬ
ԽˣϵȴԽͷءڵ֮ǰЩԽǱֵƽͣôڵʼǵıֿܾͻԽҡ
졭ֻдˡ̻̾һ˵
ģѾˡڣֻеȴҡҡͷ˵
ڴ֮ǰҩѾĹӴĿģϣܹõĹ֧֡ǣҩڲδĹõȷı̬ҩĹŵĺô
Ĺ¹ϻԪսǿĹܹ֧ҩѡǾԵҩȻͻСܶࡣ
Ĺ
ʱ򣬼սٶȴ
ţһϮ۵Ĺ˪ϣϵ˵ڡĹ˴ֻҩܲ
ĹϵվĹ֡
λϺáĹ΢ЦͿϵ˹ֻ
ûҩڡڵҩܲӡеĵû̫仯ĹЦ
ȷʵû̫ı仯ĹҲЦ˵
Ĺ˵ͷеԼλ֮ǰ
ܸͷˣҲ׷Ĺк
ϣ䣬ѵˡսҩλ˵
šϡӰϻ̻ϣͬʱ˵ͷ
ϣȻ˶ˣôͿʼɣҲ˴ҩѡĹЦһ
ԣǶܺ棬ҩѡǺεȵ㡣
λϣλѡɣ
䣬Цߴ١
λѣ԰ꡣҩϾͻᵽ˪壬λѼ档ˣЦ˵
϶Լս˵ͷս뿪
ս˪£塣
սԣ
սԻӦ
μӵ˶ˣڴҵȥս˵
áԵͷӦ
սһԣž˵ĵ񣬿̫ܲƽһᣬ۷ʲô£һҪһЩϴǰ浲š
ҩڣЩ˼ٹ֣Ҳֱӳ֡սʱԾ˵ģҲλϵ˼
ЦŰ˰˵˵ģܹ⡣
£㲻õģҲҪ̫ġ
Щ˿ܾҩں۸ǻԼˡԿżս˵
ս΢üžԣЩû׾Ե˼
ˣ߰ɣǣҲЩ̫ˣȻҪ˵Ҳˡ˵һ䡣
뼫սһͬ˪壬㳡ϵĴߡ
ĹԼ䣬ͬʱĿھԵϡ


3607 
ĹڵЩˣǵһμԱˡ
ÿ˵ĿھʱϵıȴΪһ£͸һ˿档ΪԿȥ̫ˡ
һߣܹƼŷɵңڵ;Ҳǵ켫֮
Ĺ֮ǰʹӊ说ۿ֪ԼΪᣬԣԸеЩ˼顣
ϣ
ǰȶҩڵλϹ˹֡
Ĺˣ΢Цλͬһ·ϣλҵǰԺҲλǰܹҶָ㡣
˵ⷬʱϵ˶ͷĹֳ̬ǿǷǳġǫУʧ緶
ǺǡĹ۾Ц
ˣҲһЦЦıžԣǶûгԾ˵
գҩܲ˪ģ¹ϻԪڵ֧ڣΪܡԺҩȻҲҪڳڵѴ򽻵ġվ˵
лϡ˵
λĹĹ¹ϻԪĹ䣬һά켫֮ĻԪۣͬʱҲڵ¹ϻԪ֮ʵǿߡ
λ˫۹ĵ˫ۡ˫۹¹ϻԪǹϵǿ۹˫۱ˣҲһλʵǿά켫֮ǿߡ

ϣһһܽյĴʵﲢ࣬Ҳʮ˵ӣԶά켫֮εĻԪۡ
ÿһˣԶͿԷִкҼ¶ԷϢȵȡ
λҩڵԡҩʦԢҩĵӡ˽ܾԣǿ˾Ԣҩӡ
ϡ
˵һ仰֮󣬳˿ڽһ
˵ģǰ᳤̻ܻʹۣΪﵽά켫֮
ʹЦһ˵ǶԢҩܾˡԾԵͣǲлԢҩġԣЩ̫ףΪ˵Ԣҩĵӡ
ûԸܼԢҩԢҩ涼̸ܼԢҩĵӣԢҩ֪Լо𣿡һ˵ͷ˵
ҩԣ˶غĿɲҩڣҲغ¹ϻԪҩѡһҪأݲһ˿⡣˫۱˵
Ĺͷûг˵˫۵˷ʱͷʾͬ
ǺǡЦûҩʦõҩʦԢҩĴСȵõ˴УȻԢҩĵӡ
ҩ£ͬݡҩ£ҲϿɾԳΪǵ̻ϳ˵
ΪԵҩҩڵķչ¹ϻԪ׳ӰĿ˵
ǰӰŴԵģڵӰϣȻѲ뷨Ҳȫ֧־Եҩڵ
λϣϿɾԣ˵СȷʵԼĶ֮ҽռСѣҲǰ;Ĺˣ˿ԡ
΢֮ͣ˵ҩλ̫ҪˡСѣ¹ϻԪʱϾ̡ܶеҩҲ˲֮ҿȵ˵
Ĺⷬﻰ⣬ǽԿСˡ
ԣеλСѣ¹ϻԪڴһʱ䣬Ҳǣ˽һλԪ۸Ĺ˵
ʵΪˣûʸΪҩҩڼҪѡҲӦô¹ϻԪ֮ѡǴԪռѡһˡ˫۸˵
ѵ¹ϻԪû𣿡˫ֲһ䡣
Ͽ˿˫ۣЦɣ˫ȴŨĲá
ѡҩҩԼ顣ҹһ֤λԾ˽ⲻ಻ҪҩڶԾ㹻˽㹻ˡӰһ˵
ӰϴԲӡѡҩôֻҩڲأǰǵĻԪ֮¹ϴۻڵʱҩڵѡҪ¹ϴ۵ĿܵΡʹҡҡͷ˵
Ȼ¹ϴ۲ӰܾãأҲܾˡλ˵ǲǣʹۿ˵
ǣѡŪãǻġ֮ǰǸҩڲѡ룬λҲóϣһϸɣһ˸Ц˵


3608 
ϵҩԱɫʱһ
ҩǰȷʵǸҩڴ˼鷳ҲȷʵҩڲƳϵû뵽ǣӶ
˵֮ʼҩڵĲ
ھְҩĵϣñǼ³˵ϵȻǼȵĲ
Ǻǡ
ӳ¹ϻԪ֮󣬲ǰڵĻԪڶɣԵõ֮Ǳġ
λϣʧɲҩڵģ¹ϻԪġ
Ҫҩѡϸأѵûе𣿡
˵ˣ޲TΪ޲Tۡ
ˣҲǻԪ֮¹ϴµԱ¹ϴ۵ĵϵ¹ϴ۲֮ĹҪƿ¹ϻԪλ޲T֮һ
޲TϧĹ˺ҲͬĹƿ¹ϻԪ
ҩϣ޲TĹͬ޲TҲ뾰ԳΪҩڵ˾ٵû̫˽ģֻǲξԣҾþʵ̫ͣûʸҩ֮λ
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֮ԲǴӱáɲƼŷܹƼŷ˿޲T˵
ⷬҲǶڳ˵ġ
ϣƼŷĹͻȻѯʵ
ȻѾȷһϢ»š
ĹҲɣƳļŷǲļŷֻŷƵɵأ
ϾȫԪ֮УѾܾúܾûгֹŷˡ֮кܶˣûۼŷ
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ȻܹƼŷģϵ
ŷԪĵ֮ףȫԪǿɵԴ˵һֱܺ档ҳпŷɵʧû뵽ܹƼŷСѣ֪ǷܽԼƵļŷóҿҲôҶ᳤̻ܻʹۿЦ˵
ۿ˿ʹۡ
޲ɣȻʹ뿴ƵļŷǾ㿴ǡϴЦ˵
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ʹ۽ӹƿ˫Ŀֿ˾һۡ
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Щ˵ע˶ݵתơңȷóĵҩǲļŷ
ʹ۴ƿļŷȡ
ܿ죬ס˺ĿǶеĵҩ
ĹҲĿתЩݣܶѾ۵˰ʹϸ鿴ˡ
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Ĺһӹŷ˲ȷļŷ
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Ĺ޲TҲ鿴ŷ
λѣǶԼŷģǼŷɣϳ˵
ɵǼŷûңƳʱ仹ڿСȷʵܹƼŷġĹ˵ͷ˵
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ڻȷܹƼŷǾ͸þԳΪҩˡ
¹ϻԪģӦֻҩڡ
õ˾ԣ͵ڵõ˼ŷɵ
λϣҲͬ⾰ԵҩУһ
˵仰ˣcn¹۹ĵcn¹ۡ
cn¹ɫۣĸݣһά켫֮ĻԪۡ˵ʵ¹ϻԪ֮ڣӦܹǰʮ֮ڵġ
ʱ˵仰̬ȣ쳣ļơ˵ʱûԣӾԵ˼
cn¹ۣΪΣüԷʵ
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ҩݵˣɲҪһЩҩһССһά켫֮ߣʵǲ̫ˡcn¹۰ҡͷ˵
cn¹ԲԵʵ̫ˡ˫صͷ
ҩֻһά켫ľ磬ⲻЦרŸƵҩĻǻ˵ùȥҩȻǲ׵ġʹЦ˵


3609 
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ɨcn¹ۼۡ
ԴˣһֺǿĶС
cn¹ۿ֮ǰԸտԷʱ͸еʱ˵֮󣬾Զķ֮ӡ
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ԣƺоĲcn¹Ц˵
ʵ˵ģ㡣cn¹۾뵣ҩҲÿƼŷȷʵǺǿҪҩڲֻȫԪ֮жеλġ
ڵϵڣ̫ˡ
ĻԪռǿߡԶûǿ֮С
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֮Уб֮⡣˵ˣǿһά켫֮ߡ
cn¹˵û
ҩڣȫԪһĵλԪ֪ҩֻһһά켫֮ĻԪۣǶĿɲҩҲһᶪʹ˵
ǺǣЩ˵ˡĹ˿cn¹ۺͰʹۣЦ˵
СһţǲܷϵġڵľСѣȷʵʺϵҩĹ˵
ϵжŭ⣬ĹþԵΪ˵£ȷʵҲЩ˲ñ粵
ҩΪģҲﵽά켫֮
һۣһά켫֮ĻԪۡΪΪǿǿг¹ϻԪȻشǳ˳ȥִﾰڵ˽
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ϣʹ۶ϵǵ뷨ǣҩ֮ڣһÿڣλСѸÿڣרͼŷɵڲϣǴһе
ΪÿڵԣԲܽҩڵܲǴҩÿڣӦĹֱӹϽĳ֮ڡΪ˱ʲô⣬ÿһפÿڡʹۼ˵
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ĹЩˣڶλ֮Уһ취ǴӰʹۿ˵취
˵ϵ˵ŭ⣬Ǹֵˡ
֣Ⱥ̫ˡ

λĪǾãҩ䵽׸ĵزˣӰŭЦ
˵ҩڿʦԢҩĵӣԢҩĵӣҲҩųϵǣȴҪҩڣԷָȥӰŭ
ӰϣȲҪŭǣҪԷָҩڡŰͻ᳤Ҳ˵ˣϣҩܹÿڣɾԸĻԻҩڵԱĹ˹ĵ
ҩһֱ¹ϻԪ֧˭ҩڣ˭ҪôĹһͲӦĹܴ
λϣҿ¾ô˰ɣǴңҲȽϷæ㶨ˣҲԽʡһЩcn¹۹cn¹ֿ˵ˡ
תĿԣԣ˵ҲõѡˡԺ͹ԹԵĴ¹ϻԪĵҩЩˣ㡣
ģЩ̲סˣֱӳcn¹һ
ҵҩǷԡҪԼĻԪռ䣬Ҳ˵˵ȥǾҪҵΪƵҩĹߡҿලҲϵͼŷǺǣǴĺ̰
ˣ˶cn¹͵վɫࡣ
ţ
һһά켫֮СȻcn¹ۣ


3610 ݺݽѵ
ôң
С
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վסɱ⣬ΪûǾԵļֵһܹƼŷɵʦֵ޷ĹˣҲɱԡ
cn¹ŭɶʱĹҲüԵǿƣǵԤϡ
ǿǴ˾ӦҩϵˡҩڵǺǿģǼս侳ͬǴﵽά켫֮λҩϣҲά켫εĻԪۡ
Եı֣ʼϲ
һһά켫֮ߣЩǿĻԪǰӦΨΨŵŵӦġ
ǿΣ
磬վһΪ硣
ҩиά켫֮ĻԪۣǸĹ˶һӣҲ˵ǿƣҷԾԵҩ
Сӣҿǻòͷˣ㵹ǰװˣcn¹۵ϣһɼǿѹԡ
սȻվ˾Եߡ
Ц˵cn¹ۣҪô侲侲һЩ
սվߣһΪԷֵcn¹۵ѹһҲΪ˷ֹcn¹ͻȻԾԳ֡
Ц˵cn¹㷽˵ҲҩǣҵΪ̫͡
ôңҪﵽΪʸҩ۾
һһά켫֮ߣȻҩcn¹붼û˵
ҩҲά켫֮ҩʷϣûеά켫cn¹ЦԼǸʸ㣬Զ
ҩڵʷϣȷʵûά֮µֹСѣ֪ıҲά켫֮Ĺž˵
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cn¹ҸоδҲ̫һЩЦһ
˵ʵУΪԼʵΣʵ
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cn¹۵ʵ¹ϻԪܹ֮ǰʮԼģҲеġ
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˵ʲôcn¹ΪԼˡ
Сѣʱ򣬾ͲҪЦˡĹü˵
ǺǣûĻԷ˵ģƺܹcn¹޲TЦ˵⾰ԣǱееֻǿϧʵȷʵ̫ˡ
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cn¹شҵ⡣ǲǣܻ㣬ʸΪҩԲ˵ֻcn¹ۡ
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лԶ޲T˹֡
ĹأٿĹˡ
ԣɲǶϷ㣬Ҫcn¹۽֣Ҫһ֣޷ٷְٱ֤⣡Ĺ
Ĺⷬڵҵİȫǣҿ˵ȫûбҪҪģҲӦǵcn¹һֱɱЦ


cn¹̲סЦ
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ĹҲˣһάСӣҪɱңcn¹۵Цһʱ䶼ֹס
ԣҩְλͨ˲ɱġ㣬΢侲һ¡ϳԾ˵
ϣ˵סǣҲԼ˿壬Ҳҩڱ˿塣ҵǾã˵ҲһЩҩȷʵҲҪǿʵ
һ㣬һֱΪһά켫֮ʵǴˣһά켫ʷˡҡҡͷ
cn¹cn¹ǾŴҵһôҿһνĲ䡢ûʸ񣬵Ǹʲô˵ģ
Сӣڵģ·ͱ֤cn¹۶žԡ
Ĺλڣұֽѵѵ֪ߵغСӡǷģɱcn¹˵
ɱ˾ԣһڽкݺݵĽѵԣ


3611 սcn¹
Ĺ˴еĿģΪֹԳΪҩþܹΪá
cn¹ҪɱԣǶȻǲͬ⣬Բֻǽѵһ٣Ҳɡ˵þ֪һԺǿƾҲ洦ġ
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ˣҲЦŵͷ
cn¹֣ʱɵעһ㣬˾Сѵʹۿcn¹ۣ˵
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ԣߵλϽǰ
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̻˵ûڶ㲻ϿɣֻҪҩڣҩڳʱ䳤ˣҩͻΪһʵҲ˵
ҩ⼸λϣȻǲ뿴cn¹۽ֵġ
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ֱתʶЩʱףԵ깥ǿȣԼԤϺܶࡣ
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3612 Ȩ
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Ҫ֪ĹҲά켫֮ѣ
ϵҩڵĳԱͬĿɿڴǣҲһֱΪһά켫֮ߡӾԱҩܲҲûѯʹԵľ硣
֪ά켫֮ߣҩҲֻüսõȥ˽ؾԡ
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⡭Ҳ̫ˡ¹ϻԪȷʵԼԸսõλϣûǿдؾ˵
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ԪߣԢȨȣֳߵľء
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ǰǲ֪ΪΣֳôᡣϣԴ˲Ҫ⡣ĹЦ˵


3613 ˽̸̸
ĹԾԵĳƺǺȻĸĿڡ
ֹԳΪҩǲܵ顣ľѳۣȻˣȷѡת̬ȡ
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ĹķӦܿ죬˫۵˶ԾԱʾ⡣
ĹˡԶĹ˹֡
ϣҩɾ˵ضǿʢҩ֮ˣ¹ϻԪ֮ˡĹֶϵ˵
ĹԼǣҲҩʦԢҩڤڤ֮еİšҩʦ뾰ԴҩڡЦ˵
Ĺ֮˫ۡʹ۵ˣҲҩں;Աʾ˹֮⡣Щˣ˾ھԳҩѾΪʵ֮ǿʼ˼뾰ҩõĹϵ
Ψcn¹һԲ
ǰնһcn¹ʵȻˣƲᡣֻǰ棬ѹƣûѡָơĿ⣬ʱĿԣԾĻԹߣм־塣
ʵ벻ס
ΪʲôΪʲôԻһά켫֮ĻԪۣ
ҩְʵܼ򵥡Ҫһ裬ҩԢȨȽλʱҲͽˡ
Ĺ˵һЩؿ֮Ļ֮󣬱Ժҩϸ뿪
ԺλϣҲû

ĹһȺˣһͬ뿪ҩܲ
ҩ֮ܲǵı˸ı仯˵ɫѿ
ô˵ڽ죬ǵġҩְϣֹԳΪҩɽȴǡ
ĽĹǹ¡
Ĺ˵ԣôͳά켫֮ĻԪۣ
ά켫¹ϻԪ֮ڣҲ޼ԲһƧ֮صߣ˵ᣬô͡ٸߣҲԽܡ
ЦǣǻһֱΪһά켫֮ԣҲǸĻġҩϵıֿȻǰҲ֪ά켫֮
˫۵ˣ׷ü˵
Ĺɲ԰׵cn¹ۣʵcn¹ѣԣʵΣ
cn¹۽ֻһС
ȷά켫֮ԳһԪ򣬾ԲǼٵġǿʲô̶ȣ˾޷׼жˡ
Ĺ⣬cn¹üˣҲcn¹ۡ
˪ϣˡcn¹˵
cn¹֣Ҳһ˭뵽Сӻά켫ءʹ˵
cn¹ѣ㲻еĻ뾰Խ֣ʤм֣Ĺʵ
cn¹üĬ˺һᡣ
̾Ϣһ
cn¹ۺܲԼ羰ԣĹεǿǰȥʲôڶҲûʲô
˵ʵ
Ես֮ϡ̫ǿˡң깥֮cn¹۵ͳ˵
cn¹۵Ļ˫۵ˣ˿벻Ես֮ǿ
ʩչʱԼҲи֪ô깥㶼ܲв𣿡Ĺcn¹ۣʵ
ţвӰ컹СǸ깥ҶȻܵôҡ治֪Եôеġcn¹ЩȻЦ˵
ӣص˫۵
ӽտʼԾҩˡԺ򽻵ɾҪעˡһ仰ǣһöòҪ˵ŷˡĹ
ǰǱ
Ժ󣬻Ҫҩڵɫ
㵤ҩôѡ˷Թ

ҩܲ
ǰμְĴ뿪һˣȴδ̸ǡ
ˣ޲T
Ƿ˽̸̸޲TԾ˵
Կ˿޲Tֿ˿ϵˡ
޲T¹ϴ۵ĺѡϳ˵
޲Tʵ¹ϴ۵£¹ϴ۵ĵϵš˵¹ϴ۵ĺѣ̧޲Tݡ
ϵĻҲ˼
ȻԡԵͷ
ϵҩڳԱ뿪˪塣ټ˪㳡ϣֻʣ¾Ժ޲Tˡ
޲T֪Ҫ˵ʲôԿŶԷ
޲T࣬Ŀ⿴Զˡ
Ƭ̣ڻ˵ҽմҲΪֹΪҩĹĿĲͬҲΪ˵ҩ
û˵ֻǿ޲T


3614 ޲T˵
˪㳡ϣֻоԺ޲Tˡ
޲T˵仰ʱ浹Ҳû̫Ρ
޲T˵ҩڣ¹ϻԪĸ
ҿҩΪ̫͡ңû㹻ҲƿҩӴӵ
һά켫֮ߣҺ⡣ͬʱҲҾãʸΪҩƿҩڡ
ϢᣬҴδôά켫֮ߡ룬ڵȷʵߣϵ츳»ҪԶ
޲Tĳ˵
ƽλ޲TһܶˣЩԡնԾԣȴ˵˲ٵĻ
޲T㡭Ҫ˵ʲô
Ȼ㲢ҪõҩҲΪҪ˽½̸΢ü
뾰Ϊ¹ϻԪһ¡޲TĿ
£ʡ
Ϊ¹ϴ۱𡣡޲TȻһ
Ϊ¹ϴ۱
¹ϻԪԭˣǿǸά켫֮ǿߡ
ü˵޲T¹ϴѾ𣿡
źʱ򣬾Ծ˵һЩ¹ϻԪ顣кܶˣ˵¹ϴѾ䡣ǣҲһЩ˵¹ϴֻʧٻš
¹ϴۣȴ䡣޲TıñߣϢҲһЩ
¹ϴ۵š
˿ܲȷ¹ϴɣ޲Tȷһ㡣
ԿЦҡҡͷ˵޲Tֻά켫֮¹ϴǸάǿߣĵˣ²ܶԸ˵ġ
ԸͲʶ¹ϴۡ
ȻҲΪ޲T󣬾ʹӦ¹ϴ۱˵¹ϴ۵ĵˣȻҲǸά켫֮ĻԪۡһά켫֮ߣʲôȥԸά켫֮ǿߣ
ţܿܵά켫޲TЩġ
ҾáԳΪԪռˡ޲T˵
ţ΢΢һ㶣޲T˵¹ϻԪ
û¹ϻԪ֮¹ϻԪĻԪĹֻʱԪռתɲǻԪ֮޲T
ЦЦ˵޲T̫߿ˡֻά켫֧֮ңҲ޷ƿ¹ϻԪ뷨֮жĹһͻֹĹά켫֮
ָĲڡڵʵȷʵ޷ƿ¹ϻԪ޲T
һ£˵ǽһᳬԽĹǸϼһϼһһֱƿ¹ϻԪΪ¹ϻԪˡǺǣҲóѡ
Щ̫ס
Ĺƺ¹ϻԪ֮ڣʵǿߡΪʲô㲻ϣĹƿ¹ϻԪأ̧üʵ
ΪҲˣ˼úܡֻһˣѽ͸ˡƿ¹ϻԪ¹ϻԪͻˣҲռϡϻڵʱҲгĹĴ㣬ֻǻûüʵʩ͡޲T˵ĹʱǹЦ˵¶ߵı顣
޲TԵ
֧ƿ¹ϻԪҲƿ¹ϻԪȻ˵Щδ⻹̫һЩҡͷ
޲Tҡͷ˵ֻȷǷԸΪԪˣǷԸΪ¹ϴ۸𡣡
ҡԿ޲T
޲TϾԵĻ˵Ը⣬ôһҽ˵Ļ
˵Ե
ܹ֮ڣά켫֮ôұԽµزؽ㡣
ά켫֮ľһõϵزأܿزأά켫֮
֮ڣά⣬ҵ
ʱڣ޷άô㵱ҽ˵Ļδ˵
Ҫ˵ľЩڣҸøˡ
޲T˵ЩҲȾԸӦԹ˹֣תȥ
Կ޲T뿪¶˼֮ɫ
¹ϴ۵زأʲô
޲Tãҵõ¹ϴ۵ز֮󣬾ܹά켫֮ת

˪֮ϡ
޲Tϼ޲T£Խе
׼ϯ޲T㲻ҩСסաЦ˵
ϣһһЩ飬Ͳˡ޲Tҡҡͷǡ
޲T뿪ҩܲ
޲T뿪󣬾Ҳ˪ԺУ˼޲T˵Щ
ϵ
ڶҩڸ߲ԱԹ
죬˪һŵcn¹ۣҩ֮࣬Ǽ֮顣


3615 
кܾúܾãҩûüˣ
¹ϻԪ֮ڣҩ俿ŵܼʵඥߺҪҩ󡣵ҩڵĸ߲ԱҲ֪ҩڣԶûбֳô⡣
¹ϴ֮ҩڵĽȸбǿҡԪռڣڶǿҩھԻ
ʵϣڽ֮ǰҩڴ߲ԾԵҩġֻǣΪλϺͶλģ޷ԡ
ϲԣȴΪȻ
еԭ򣬾ǾԵΪ
һά켫֮ߣʵ¹ϻԪҲ˵СǣҪҩľδԵ̫ǿˡ
ԣҩں߲ܶԱԾԵЩġ
Ȼ˪һcn¹֮ĲȻȫʧˡ
һά켫֮ĻԪۡңսܻܿҪcn¹۹cn¹֮ϡΪȫ¹ϻԪҲŽǰʮҩڣӦþǵһˡսʵҲھ֮¡
Ҳض񡣡Ц˰˰֡
ǷƲҩʵ
áԵͷ
һˣҩ
ԣλҩϣȸ߲Աۼҩ
ÿڵĸˣԼ򵥽һЩҪĹԼÿڽתȵȡ
˼ʱ֮󣬾Եüͷšһš
ȻûۿЩÿڵĹֻЩ˵˵ҩڲȷʵΪңÿ֮ìѰϡ
ԼȻѾʽΪҩҩڵķչǲܲܡ
ֻǣҩڵ̫ӣǾԣһʱҲ֡
˼ú󣬾Կ˵õĹʱһվɡ֮ǰһʱ仹
Ե仰õĸˣ仯һһҲĿ¶ʧ֮ɫ
û˵
û飬ҾɢȥɣԻ˵
ÿڸˣԺλϸ֮½뿪ҩ
λϣҩڵеĻҪӰ˻ҵľ£ҩڻάס¹ϻԪڵĵλҶе⡣Կλ˵
Եⷬϵ˶¶֮ɫ
⡭ʵǺܶԭɵġ֮ǰҩڵ֮λȱ̫ʱˡ
ϼһϣҩǣϼһϾǣʱҲȥЩÿڵĹӰ϶Ծ˵
Ӱ˵ûҩڵĹƶȣƵĲǸÿںʹҩڵͨԱҩڵĹأͬҩϺһп
ڣ̻Ц˵
λϣĹȴֵĸоҪλϣҡ˵
ԢȨȣ˵ҩȨˡǼÿڵĸˣֻҪɣҲһ⡣˵
¾Ի֪Ȩж
ҩڵ⣬Ǽ⼸˾ܽġ˵䲻ĻҩڵĸѸˡҪҩ»ҪС
Ҳ˵Ҫλϰҡ˵
λǶһۣͬʱԡ

޲T
޲Tվ޲Tһ֮С
ոմҩܲص
վڷڵ޲T˫Ŀ֮о˸
޲Tѵ̫á
Ϊϸϣ޲Tૡ
޲T¹ϴһִߡ޲T֮ߵʱ򣬱¹ϴ۵ߡ
û¹ϴۣûڵ޲Tû¹ϴۣ޲T֪δˡ
Դ֪¹ϴɺ޲Tʱ޿̲Ϊϸ𡣿ǣʵ
һֱڵȴ
¹ϻԪ֮ڣϣΪ¹ϴ۱ˣĹǣ޲TĹĹҪƿ¹ϻԪ޲Tԡ
Ĺʵǿ޲TΪ¹ϴ۵ϵڻԪռڣҲһ֧ΪӴĹ޲T˺
Һϣܹڵά켫֮ĻұὫϵزؽ㡣õϵزأһܹά켫֮
ʱ󣬻ܵά켫֮ôұ뿪¹ϻԪȥѰҸʵѡ޲T˵š
ҩܲ˪ϣ޲T뾰˵Ļģûһٻ


3616 ҩڵ켫
¹ϴز£ͬʵڵġ
¹ϴǰҲԤеΣ֪Լڲú䡣ԣ¹ϻԪڣһزأΪεˣҲ޲T
زأ¹ϴ۵ı⣬޲T˵ġ
޲TûдԼʹزءԼʹزأҲܵά켫֮Ҳ˵ܵά켫֮Ҳ޷Ϊ¹ϴ۸
޲TҪģܹΪ¹ϴ۸ˡ
޲TɣĹҲ֪زصĴڡȻĹδֳ֪زأ޲TһָоĹ¹ϴ۵زء
Ϊϸ޲T߾ȫܣƿ¹ϻԪ޲TԸΪ㸰޲Tܵͣ仰ĵ׵ԡ
޲TΨһҪ飬Ϊ¹ϴ۱

ʱһȥ
ҩܲԺķ˲ʱ䣬ƶһµĹ¡
һ׹£һʩУᶯҩںܶ˵ĵ⡣ǣǲò֮¡
ڣλϵȫ֧֡
ǼλҲԸ֧־ټϣǼǿʵ
ԣµĹȻأȷʵгȥˡ
һЩڤ粻ˣҲû̫ʱǳƤ£ֱѹɱɱùصĹء
ȷʵû̫ʱ;ҩڲЩ֮ϡ
ֵľʱ䣬ڴķѿϣִеȵȹЩԸ֧
ȥЩԱƵҩ
ҩڵԴȷʵ˽ܱȵģҲźܱȵġҩڣܹõһҪϡ
ҪʹͼŷǾԲнŵʱˣҲЩҩķһЩʱ䡣
һգҩ
λϣңԿˣʵ
ˡ
һ£Щһ¡϶Ծ˵
Ŷʲô£ʵ
֪ҩڵı֮Уһö켫ϻ˵
켫
⼸֣Ϣ΢΢һЩ
ҩڣ켫ԵõͳһЩ
ţ֮Уȴһö켫ͬ⣬ö켫ϡϵ
ӰϺ̻˶˵ͷ
΢΢һ
켫ԵȻһ㶼İھ֮ǣõһö켫Ҳһö켫켫֮
֮أҲõ켫
ܹά켫֮켫û˵û켫ԵգҲδܹ켫֮Ҫ˵ﵽά켫֮ˡ
û뵽ҩڵı֮У켫档
켫ļֵǲ˵Ҳ֪ġ˵
ţ֪켫޼۵ıԵͷ
Ѿά켫֮ö켫Чǻöãܵά켫֮¶΢Ц
ǰ֮ԥǵģö켫Ч
һЩ󣬻Ǿ켫ΪáЧãһЧҲˡϼ˵
һö켫Чά켫֮¹ϻԪ֮ڣҲǿĻԪ֮һˡ̻˵
˵ֱһЩϣڵά켫֮ҲһܷҩڡӰ˵
ҩڵλϣȷʵЩġ
ǵģҩڵĹкġ
һԵά켫֮ԲٴҩڣǾ͸ûܹˡ
ҩ
ҵά켫֮Ҳһҩ
û˵ʲô䷢ĵĻ˵ĺܼ򵥡
λԵĻ˵ͷ
߰ɣڣȥ⡣Ц˵ûȥҩڱء
Ըλϣҩڱ⡣ȷʵǾԣһνҩڱ⡣
ҩڱ֮ڣ൤ҩ档ǣֱҲӦоСǻԪ챦ҩڱ֮ڣҲǲ
⺣ıԴҲǾ̾ѡҩڵĵ̣ȷʵޱȵ񣬲ҫඥԪĴ
ʱԵǿʼã¹ϻԪڵЩҩڻ²ֻΪɣҩڱڵԴǸά켫֮ĻԪۣҲ۲¹ϻԪڵ᲻֪ҩڱڴ洢ĺԴ
λϣһ󷨸ҡλϣȡһ׶״Ʒ
׶״ƷҵԿסͬʱʹԿףⱦĴŲܴ򿪡


3617 ȡ
ҴҲ࣬ϵۡ
λϣνԼܵԿǶ밼֮ڡԿ׾ǶУһת
֮󣬰ĦҴŻ򿪡
롣϶ԾԵ
ԵͷҲƴǣȲ֮ڡ֮ǰ̽ҡڴڶвĶΣգǲ롣
ҵĿռ䲢󣬵ҲڷŲ䱦Щ䱦ļֵЩԴɱȡҲһЩҩƷҲ֮С
֮󣬾̾ͷһö켫ڽΪȻλáֻҪңһһ۾ܹһö켫
λҩϸھ
ǾҩڴѾõ켫ˡ
֮дŵƷ϶ҩڼֵߵĶϳ˵
ҵԿ˱ܣҲҩһֱĹءҪȡҲҪӰϽӿ˵
ֻҪʵɣǲܾҪ󡣡̻ҲԵ
ţܺáҪλϱܣҩ¶ġҸˣҲΪܺʡԵͷ
º󣬾Ե켫
켫ڵԪ֮ǰҲ޷֪켫ڵԪǾеһࡣ
ͽö켫߰ɡվھ˵
תϵ˵˵ͷ
ߵ켫֮ǰ˫ַų켫ԼĿռ䱦ڡ
ϣһöЧ켫һұڲú󣬵ά켫֮ˡа
켫Ժλ뿪ҡҴţٶȹرա
λϡҺ󣬾ڱУԽסλϡ
㻹ҪʲôⱦڵԴ㾡ԿԵʹãֻҪչڿǼϢɡž˵
ʱҪʹñڵԴҡͷ
һЩͼŷⱦ֮УڽҩйҩڳԱ缫սʱ࣬Ϊƶ¹µʩУķ˺ܴԼ˵
֮һ
ЦЦ˵Щ飬Լɡνһ˵㡣
ŷΪȷʵǺܺõĴʩ룬һ˶ĶӰЦ˵
ͼŷǻԪɵɵΪһ̫ࡣңǻҪֹɵصȥ̻ϲ˵
ţһصĿһ¡Ե˵ͷ
ҩڱ֮󣬾ԱصԼ塣
ϵ˷Ըȥչһʱ䡣ʱ䣬κ鶼ܴҪ飬ȥҼսüսս޷ȥҩλϳ档
֮Уȡոյõ켫
䲻ǵһεõ켫ʱ޷Ƶļ

Ĺ
Ĺҩڹһʱ䡣
ʱ֮УĹһֱעҩڵҩʩµĹƶȣڲʬλز͵ԱЩĹ
ԣҩڽɫˡĶ죬̶ʱڣһ׾ķĹޱ飬ֻĿвʱ¶һƺ⡣
ԴʽΪҩԴ˵Ǳ½ΪǾ޴вһվĹĶ棬˵
ǰᣬѵά켫ܹ֮ͼŷ¾ã˽ΪĹƿ¹ϻԪİʯ»һЩϢ޲T뾰й˽µĽ̸Ҳ֪˶̸һЩʲôһ˵
ԾԺ޲Tǲò
֮еԱĹš
ǿǽĹ¶Цݣʵ
ҩڶкôһ˳˵ڣҩǿӲֶΣµĹ¡ڲдĳԱ¹¼ִˣ顣
ʱ䣬ҩڲĻҳ̶ȣԶ
ΪһλᡣȾȫƿҩڣֻǵʱ޻ˡһ̧ĿĹ
ά켫֮ߣҩλȫ֧֡ҩڣЩԵԱֻ뾰϶ԿĹҡͷֱԾš⾰ԣһά켫֮ĻԪۡ


3618 ά
ڳڣĹϵš
ĹȺǰ˵Ҳöࡣ
Դ¹ϴ֮Ĺ֮һֱıƿԪռ䣬ΪԪ֮ĹȻҪĿŬ
ΪҩӰĹҪƿ¹ϻԪͲƿҩڡ
˵ĹΪԪ֮ؼһ޲Tڶҩڡ
һҵҩڣĹȷʵġҩھԵ֮£ȶһɻĹͳ¹ϻԪ
ʵʱĹδԿһвþвͲ֪ͨҩϣҩڴǻƧ֮شؾԡ
ԳΪҩĹҪԣ㲻۾ά켫֮ΪҲһ׵顣
ҩڳ˺ҩڶĹĳ޺͵⣬֮¡
ڵĹҲü֡ټԲߡ
Ա˵ĹΪͬ
ԵҩãǿӲ̬¹£ҩ²֮޴ĵִõúãǻᡣ
ҩڵλϣɱˣɱʮˣܲܳǧɱɣ
ˣֻҩЩɣԳ¡ǰн룬㹻֧֣ǽʹͬˡһЦ˵
Ĺһӡ
粻˳٣Ǳ뾡ϡһ˵
ȫ淢һʧܣǵʧɾ̫ˡʱǰҩڵĶӣʣ¼ˡĹ˵
ǲĹҩڵˣһᱻһ˵
ðɣô׼ʱݺݵҧһڰɣ˵仰ʱĹԭԥı飬Ȼù
ʵϣĹоϡµŲĽ飬ǻƵȥ
ĹɲһԸˣڸóֵʱἫ͹ϡ

ҩܲ塣
ǽ͸켫һԪ
ոյԪ󣬾Ȼһ¶΢Ц
ò˵Եȷʵá
һöҩڱе켫ԾԣЧġ
Ԫ򣬹̲סЦһ
ڵľԣյԪһΪʮ
ԪУһࡢࡢࡢ໹о࣬Ԫ򣬾ǾաԪУԪУͰԪ򣬸һ
ö켫еľԪԪ
ȷһ󣬾֪Լά켫֮ǲԶ
ȻѿʼգԾһͻưɣ԰
֮ǰѾһЩͼŷҲдԴαչУԪ򾡽գ⡣
ֻǣҪչһЩʱˡ
˾󣬾Բٶ룬켫ڵĵڶԪ
յĵһԪѾչģԲҪԪ˷ʱ䡣
ͼŷԼԴĸ֮£켫Ԫٶȼ졣
УźźԾԵİƾ޴źʥʮ̶֮أյźźвٴ΢֮Сʱÿʹá
ǰʹõ켫Ҳв棬ϵĻָǿ
Ԫˡ
Ԫˡ
ܺã

Ԫˡ
Ԫеǰ漸յٶȼ졣ڰʱղٶȲԵ˵ղٶȻǼˡ
ڰԪ򣬾Ҳֻ˼ʮʱȫա
ֻʣһԪУھԪұԵά켫֮Ĺͬˡʱ򣬾۾һ
ԪֻʣһԲδһЩʱ䣬ָ塣

Աչء
ҩڣȴʱڣµ⡣
¹µƶʩУһʼЩҪҩ²ĳԱֻǣǰһֱڣҲԳƶתȥͻȻ֮䣬ƺһӴӵĳ̶ȣЩˡ
ҩڵһʱ䶼޴롣
ǰɢģǿһĻǶȻ֮䣬Щƺһγ˾޴ķĻѲתصĲţͣڵ״


3619 ͻ
ҩڵķңѳ˽ϳһʱ䡣ҩܲð
ҩڸд붼ѶεҪԣԱԵĽ¡
Щҩڸ߲ԱֻȥҩλϡȻҲ޾İ취ֶοʩչֻܽˣȾ˵
ʵϣϵҲ̸۹ŵı仯εķң̫Ѱ͸һıζƺһֻ֣ƶҾҡ
ҩڵìܼڲҲ¹ϻԪ֮ڣ˴Ŀ⡣ٴηǻԵ
ＫһЩģɾԣҩھУܻ
Ҿ֮УĹȴΪİĹֻ˵ҪҩһЩʱ䣬ҩܹҩڲ
ڼÿ֮УõĹܵĳΪءѾʧȥһЩŵ쵼ǽϽ൤¥¥ȣѲٽָӣܾŵӪҵÿ㡣
ΣõҲȽءÿڣȻҩ֮ܲڣвٵʦѰҸɾܾƵҩҲǽͷöʦչõҩĹصĽ
սúͰӰõǻԣÿڣҲ֪ӦŵĻҡ
µԱһЩսȷʵֶνѹǣǣԱʵ̫ˣÿڸ˶ķ¹µ
˵ڲĻһܹѹסĻķ˳ɾЩĶˡ
¹ϻԪ֮Удĵʦǳҩڡ
У൤ʦȻѾ뿪ҩڣҩڵһԱҩڡЩˣŻΪҪĳԱ
ڣЩҩڵĵʦʼ
һЩҩҵĵʦһƺǾҩڷв˵ҩջ¹£ǽҩں
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ðӰϣһأ䵽ҩ¡
˵ʵλ϶Ծ൱صġΪԽԼҪչأκ²ܴţλϱһֱûǿнг
ȻҲ뾰ά켫֮ĻԪйءֻһά켫֮λǲôء
壬Ծڡ
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һԪǱҳա
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ά켫֮ĻԪۣյԪ˵ǱȽٵġȻⲻһά켫ǿάԪۡ
ǰ޲T˵ʱڵά֧ƿ¹ϻԪ¹ϴµزؽҡڣʱŹȥǧҡĿ
αչأȷʵǧʱ䡣ǧʱУнǧ꣬ھԪ֮ϡһԪķѵʱ䣬ԵԤϡ
ԱΪԪ򣬿ҪԼʱ䡣գȴ˽ǧʱųɹա
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΢΢һԺ⡣

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ôôأ¹µʩУ⣿ԿӰüʵ
ţϿȷʵ¹ʩìܾұϳ


3620 ȫ
˴ìܴģΧƵĶԿ㣬ƶ¹¡
ʵ¹²ӡ
¹µʩУҪ㡣һ㣬ǶҩڲÿڡŽơڶ㣬Ǵϵµһ֣ȴӸλһȺص
ھԵҩ֮ǰҩڲڶಿŲңΨ׵ҲǸͻһЩˣȴռݸλƹһ֧ṹܸƣҩҪٴλԻͻûпԡ
˵ϣΪ¹µʩСĪǣĻƶͨϵһ仰ᵽ˺ܶࡣ
Ȼ˼ɣҲΪ˴¼ıһֻ̻֡˵
԰˵ڵ˽ȻСƵǲ
λϿ֪ʲôڱƶ˴£ʵ
Ŀǰδո鱨ܶԷ˭صúӰ׷Ҳһʱ䣬յһЩЩܻڹؼʱжϡ˵
ȷʵˡӰһԵͷ˵
лɵĶ𣿡Ӱ
Ҿá¿Ĺйϵֻǣû֤ݡӰ˵
ĹĿ΢΢һ
ԺУ𵱳޲T˵Ļ޲TҲĹ
εĶ漰֮ǳˣǣ鼰¹ϻԪѰѰûңζ֮УĹķҲЩŹ֡Ӱ˵
šҪģǾƽϢ˵
ǰôȥҩڲⲿҪڲ߽ˡӰ˵
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ЩǼءĿкɱ˵
£²ܼ򵥵ǿѹǣʵ̫࣬ѹҪ֮ڽ˹ѺһŵӰ̫ˡü˵
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λϣҪɱ̫ˡֻɱһ֣㹻ˡЩⲿҩڵϸҩڻǺ¡һֱţǻѷЩȶأȻˣλᣬúõһɡǷ⡣
Ѿ˴ζҵİ취𣿡ʵ
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ڲҪҲҪӰ˵
⣿̧̧ü
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Ѱĺãʱ˲ŵĸǣҩ޷ɹԴ鷳ɾʹˡӰ˵
ҩڵĺĲҵڵҩ档
ƵҩҪϡҩڵģҪĲϣȻҲǺġУĲϣģ簲̻ᡣ̻ڹȥ๩ӦҩϵһݶԲֲϵĹӦǳһ롣
񰲺ֹ̻ҩڹӦϣҩڽȵ֡ûвϣƾ㵤죬ҲƳɵ
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Ƚڲ鴦ðɡü˵
գһϢҩܲ
ϢҩԷﵽҩڸÿڡš
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˵ףŻҪЩ˵Ĺ˵ֻҪܹͬʩѹһ濼ǵ󡣡
˵ûٿȫ飬ӦûջǸ¹°ɣ٣Ҳø¹
ջ¹µʩУȻǾͼչȥ

ٿȫϢ֮󣬴ҩڳԱʼǿԼѾʤˡԣòѡò
һЩԱоۼһǿʼţȫϸҪ
һЩѬĵļһҪŸǶĲ


3621 Խ
ȫٿǰʱӰһֱԵߡ
յϢһϣҩڴԱвÿڸˡ
Ŀɨüͷ
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⡭᲻ŪˣԿŰӰ
Ӱصҡͷ
һˣп©ԴˣԲ˿Ĵ⡣ڵ˵ĹУһЩصԲ֤ġ
ʱҲġɡӰ̾һ
ô˵Ѿҩڣ˫ü
ţӰͷصú¼֮ǰû˻ҳϡһĻ˸ܴѹòȡΪֶΣ¶
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밵Ӱʱ۵˲Ǳˣǽһÿڵĸˣҩ֮ΪҪĳԱ֮һλԺλϡ
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ڰӰԲ޻ɡӰҩڵҳϣҲҪɡҩλһԲܱҩڡ
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˵ȫ飬ǰμӻģʵֻи߹㡣ԣҩԱμӻ飬Ҳǲʵ顣
ҩ֮ҲעһΣҩֵȫ顣
Ϊҩڵڲ飬ⲿǲ˲μӡһЩǿһЩɣһЩ˽ҩڡ
ЩҩܲⲿԱԲûֹǽ롣ԣҲЩˣһʱͽȫ鴫ȥ
ȴµʱ䣬ԳΪҩһסֵȫ飬ڿʼˡ
ҩи߲Աۼ˪ټĹ㳡֮ϡ
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Զˣĵ˵ͷ
գټλܲμӱδԭҶ֪һ֡˵
ԵĻȺ
һʱ䣬Ϊ¹µʩУҩڲ𵴡ٿ˴δᣬǽΪ¹ʩ𵴡һԭҾ֮ҲӦһᣬλһ档ʡ棬ҩӣǶ޷ش𡣡Ц˵
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սͰӰˣվ
ǶҩڵĳԱ룬ÿһˣϣҩڸǿʢϣԼܹøáս̧ͷ˾һ˵
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ȷʵҴˡҩʱ仹ڲȱ̵˽⡣һ
˵ʵ˵֮ڣô෴¹µҺʹֿȫĿȺǰһˡ


3622 
̷˵˵¹뷨Цп˵
̷ԾԹ˹֡
Լп˿ߵˡ
̷ãҩÿ֮һλ䲻Ĵÿڣ֮ڣҲŷǳҪĵλǹ壬̷õĹϽ֮¡
λ̷Ҳҩڵˡ
̷õҪǶЩɷԱзÿڵʵҲǷǳġ̷һά켫֮ĻԪۣѷǳӽάΡ
˵˵ɣֵ
ȻҪ˵˵ҵĿҾ˵ˡ̷ͷվ˼
¹µΪǺܺõġ¹ܹ׵ʩȥǶžһ¡¹£ܹ֮ڣЩӲµ޶ȵ̷˵
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ǣ¹̫ˡǵţƺһ޷ôı䶯̷ĻͻȻתۡ
ʱ䣬̷ÿڣȻûй˵¹¡ǣ̷õĹҲδáһЩµųԱץģ̷òδ֡
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ţ̷ˣʵҲǾ¹²õġԵͷ˵
Ҳ˵¹²ãֻΪӦƳ¹ʩеʱ䡣̷ͷ˵
Ⱥ֮Уܶ˶¶ϲ⡣
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òáڳѹ棬㡣̷һҪÿڣÿڸһЩѹͷŷˣ̷õϣɾҪܵӰˡҡҡͷ
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ս΢΢ü΢֮

㲻ôңս㡭ס̷֣¡
ڽ֮У̷Ҫֿսֻǣսһά켫֮ĻԪۣʵǿ̫ࡣڼսǰ޷ء
΢̷ʲôҪְѺһ
˵ˣҲһά켫֮ĻԪۡ˵ݲҲһҪŵĸˣҪΪŲɹϡ
ҩ֮УˮĲ֮һͨĲţΪء
ҩڵţͬˡˣҲǷ¹µļȷ档
Ǻǣǵһμ㣿ԿŴˣЦ˵
㣬ӦҩڲɹܡŶԷ˵
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ҡҡͷ̾˿˵ɹ⣬֮һšǲɹܣࡣ
㵣βɹܵʱ˾޴Թʧ
ĪܣУ鰡˵
Īɫףҵβɹܣһֱҵҵô˵ʲô˼
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Ҳ˰ȨɣĪֲ˵ο¹£ǷѵһµĹʩУǻһЩ𣿡


3623 
ŲɹĪܵ㳡˶ͷͬ
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ǸɹܡЦ
ĪܣᵽİȨǲڵġİȨǾͲԱĻᡣڣҸԱ硣
ȻԱĵˡҡͷĪܼ˵УȻǼ򵥵ķ¹¡ǣ㵣βɹܵʱб˽ңΪɵľ޴ʧ
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ҩڲɹϽĲšλĪܵû˽⣿ԶԽʵ
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⣬Ǳ׶ˡƶȣĪ̫ĻˡŶԲɹȱܡ
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ĪܹŲžԣɹеĶ⽻ףҪÿڻ㱨ǽ˷Ѻܶʱͻᡣ֪ܲһЩɹʱЧԵġÿڻ㱨˷ѵʱ䣬Ϳܵ²ɹʧܡϡȱԴˡ
Ī˵ûкܶϡȱԴȱҡڽеʱ䣬ǿܾͻȵǡÿڶԲɹϣһоͶˡĪߵһɹԱ˵
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սݣǹڲɹĪܵġλĪܣڵβɹڼ䣬£еľ޴ȨС
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ڲɹĪܵУϡսеĲӣԾԵ
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ң˰ɣЩУǾ֤ȷ֤ݲű¼ġڣӦ֪λĪܵежô˰ɣһֻ棬òԻȫȻ
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ˣܹβɹ˳ʱ䶼ûֻ˵¡˵˵ҩڵԭƶȣǲкܴ⣬ǲ̫©ĺʡ
Īܣ㻹ʲô˵ȻһϢѹȫĪܡ


3624 
ͷŵѹĪܼվȡ˫ɲ·ʱڵء
Ȼλڵλá
ϣҡĪܸ󺰡
ûŵȡλɹܣ̻ϵˡܹλãҲΪõ̻ϵֱ֧֡
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ʱ̻ϣҲšǱĪġҲû뵽Ī̶ֳܾܵȡĪܵŲɹڼ䣬̰һЩԴԴ̻֪ģҲû̫⡣ǣ֪ĪܵĵӴز
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ܵĿ⿴̻ҲԵδãδáңҲӰﷸ
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ˣһΡԺҲˡҡԸȥɹְ֮Ī̻ܿϵ񣬾֪̻ϲΪˣĶתġ
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㳡ϵˣĿɿڴĿһĻ
⣬ʹһŸ߲ԱĪܵΪ֮ڲҲһά켫֮ĻԪ۰
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˿ԣҧҧ촽
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˵ҲûõҪԣҩȷʵ޿ȡ
Ȳ˵ҩڱ鲼¹ϻԪ¥¥ǽù͵һ硢⣬ҩ޷ܡ


3625 ÿ
ѳֽʱ伫еĹϵ磬漰档ֲܣǶʱڣҩڳܽϴʧǰ϶顣
ôһҪλãȻ£ȷʵԾһЩ⣬ǾԿҲѡȥٻѡѭ򽥽ķʽԽȨ
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Ȼ죬ٿҲμȫ顣ôͽ⹱װĽҲǰһЩʱ䷢˰ɡԶ˵

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ĩųֶԱĩ˵
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һ֣ŵ򲨶һ˸Źâˮǽ棬˹㳡֮ϡˮǽ棬ǱԭӦǷڱÿ֮ڣĩǰõ˾Ե˪ϡ
ˮǽϣ鲼ųԱ֡
ЩԱ֣ո˵Ĺ׷С
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ҿˣڵһλģϲʦԿűǽ棬˵
ϲʦĹ׷֣ڵһȵڶ߳һء
ϲʦԽһϲʦ֡
ݼϲʦУԼ
ϲʦûʲô飬Щ壬ĳۣҲԵƾɡ
ϲʦҴţлŬû¹ϻԪҲûнյľ޴ӰԶϲʦ˵
ˣֻԼӦ顣ңȻӦΪЧϲʦ費ĶԾ˵
·ԶĿޣӰ쵽ֵľ


3626 ˼Ľ
ϲʦ˵ĻԵǲһ¡
λϲʦҩҲиţΪľͷˡһ˿ԼǵԼж೤ʱû뿪ҩܲˡ
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ϣܹ֮һЩĳԱ
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й׵ĳԱŲϧ͡
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̫˰ɣϲʦɫЩǺ
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ǣϲʦСĽŷװ
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Ҹղ˵ˣǶĽ˽ó
Ҫ˵ǣڱϵĹףԺ󶼿ڱöһԴֻҪ㹻Ĺ׶ȣԶһԴŷȵȡֻҪеģԿɶһ˿̧һص
仰ù㳡ϵˣ˲ס˺
⹱׶ȣڱöһκҪԴ
ƳҲһЩʱ䣬Ҷ֪׶ȵĻã̫ѡ˵ֻҪŬųԱܹòٵĹ׶ȡǵײԱҲǿԵõ⹱׶ȵġ
λԼֻҪģȫûҪĵò⹱׶ȡȻЩӸλȴʬλزͻӵˣõ⹱׶ȿɾˡ룬һܹƽİ񵥣ˣֻĹ
㳡ϵˣⷬЩ򱦹Ҳ𽥳ȡ


3627 ɱ
ұ仯֮ʱֺڶҩڳԱ
ˣֱõһżŷ
ǽӹŷֱۣ
ĵʮĳԱԵõһ
ǰʮԱõ˼ŷ֮󣬹㳡Ⱥ۾ʼ΢΢졣
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ֻ֤Ҫҵҩڱ⹱װĽͻһֱСңֻø١Դ˵
ЩǷҲܲȥǣǷҲԻñ⹱׶ȣһ۷ʡ
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ս˵֣Զûгڱ⹱װϡ
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ҩÿڵͲҪȥĽˡ԰һֵ
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3628 һҩ
󣬱û˻վȻ¹ˡ
УһֱֳĬԶĸء
֮ǰһЩϢ
ƺڣںܶ˶¹ƶȲԣٿ˴δᣬôҳԣе뷨˵ֻҪǺģҲԸȡҿԲɡ
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ˣǴҶɢ˰ɣ԰һ֡
ȺҩڵĹԱ½ɢȥܶ˪֮ǰ࿴һ۱аģԼһҪŬ뱦׶ǰʮ

ҩ
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ţ׽ְλҪԣҲᾡҵʵѡΡ£ҲܼСΪҪѡԵ
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յĴᣬԭҲЩûסĴܺáӰϵ
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ȻλΪԾԼʱҲͱˡλϣ֪Ƽŷٶȼ죬һﵽٷְٵĳɹʣĻᱻŵ

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ڸô죿Ϊ˴˴жҲ˺ܶࡣôˣǰװʧ˴ԴҩڵһЩӣҲǱ¶ˡһü˵
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ĹɫָֻЦ
ǣ͹˴ӵֶΡûϵշĹЦЦ
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ڣȥҩһˣҼһҩԣһ£Ĺҩڹŷ°ɣĹҲûҩڹˡĹ۾Ѵ˵
ͳǰҩڡšĹ˴ҩڹٿżŷѴ۶һĹʵ
Ǻǣͼŷƺ١ΣȸʮŰɡĹ΢Ц˵


3629 Ĺʹ
ĹҪҩڹʮżŷʮ
ƺࡣǣǼŷͷǳˡ
ھ¹ϻԪ֮ǰҩھĹȶӦȻҩܹӦࡣһ
ڱ֮ҩǱ߶ֹܹͣӦ͸ˡӦҲǰĿ洢
ʮżŷʮǾܴӦ𣿡Ѵ΢΢ü˵
ǺǡĹٴηЦ
ǴӦˣһж˵ݣҲǲԡܾĹûм˵ȥϵıѾ˵һС
ҩڵĶĹʵʧСԭԿ¹ϻԪһЩ֣ɱıҡ
˵Ϊ˴жʧܣĹƿ¹ϻԪѶֱ࣬¹ϻԪԪ֮ľԶˡ
Ĺȷʵû뵽ôһߣܽҩڵľƸȶ
ˣҼ̾ͳǰҩڼԡѴĹ˹֣뿪˴

ҩڵľȶ֮ⲿĸСҲ֮ƽϢ
ҩڴڶԪʱкܶгûٵ˼Уҩھһ޴ޱȵķ⡣ɵҩȶһڿɾˡ
ҩڵӰʵ֮ǿĹҶ䶯ǿҪ˵ˡ
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ˣȥһλѴۡվ˵
ԲûйѴ۲ó󣬾ԱȥŵĻͷ塣ĹѴۣʱڻͷϵš
ھԵõϢʱҩλϣҲõϢ
Ѵ۴ĹԲӡĹڵ¹ϻԪʵǿĹһά켫֮ĻԪۣ¹ϻԪ֮ǿĻԪۡ
ͬʱĹ¹ϻԪĹߡ
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λҩҲ˻ͷ֮ϡΪĹʹߵʱȽ⣬λҲģĹʹѴʲôͻ
֪˴ҩڶĻֺܿĹλȻҲ֪һ㡣ǣǵľ̲סŭĹʹ˺
ͷһ䣬ԾͿһòɫ۵
Խ뷿䣬վ¶Цݡ
ҩھɣѴۿžԣЦ˵
һĹҩʱѴ۲δһͬǰԴ˴ΣѴ۵һμԡͬҲǵһμѴۡ
ǱˡҲ¶Цݣͷ˵ĹܹѴۣ
ѣѴԹ˹֣̬ϻ
ϾԲֻҩݣһά켫֮ĻԪۡcn¹۵cn¹ۣ˾С
Ѵ۲ض̧Է¡
롣ѴۻӦ


3630 ȷҪˣ

Ѵ۲δϾԱ˴δĹҩڵĿģ˵һЩлǹؾԳΪҩһĳ滰
ԣѴ˷̫ʱ䣬æ
Ѵۣ˴ҩڣĹԣңĹҩʲôԸ˵
ԵⷬѴЦһ
֮У˵ż
ҴУȷʵĹ־ѴЦžԡ
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ڣһʱ֮С
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뾰Ҳв̵ʱ䣬ȴʲôû˵
ЦɣֻеȴŨࡣԣѴۣǹڵλϵ󣬲űĿġλϻû»ǻȥ
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˵ûĹҩڹʱȷʵûϳ˵
ھ֮ǰĺܳһʱҩĹӦ١ĹҲ֪Ϊҩȱ˿ԶԴ⡣ΣԼƣӦӴĹӦˡѴ۵
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ǺǣҩڣĹǰҲòŰ
ѴۣĹ˴Σ빺Ѵ۷ʡ
ȥҩֻƻԪĵеĹҲֻܴҩڹڲһˣ㲻Ƽŷԣ⣬ĹҪŷ
Ĺҩڹʮżŷʮļ۸ǰһŷļ۸ǿھѴЦ˵͸š
Ŀһ
λϣɫҲȻһ䡣
ĹҪδ̫ˣ
ҪҪŷңһӾͷֱҪʮţ
λУҲŭ⡣

ĹῪЦĿЦŷҩʱҲһʮŸĹ
ȲҪžܾҲ֪ЩˡĹžĹԶһЩʱ䡣Ѵ˵
һЩʱ䣿
Ѵۣ˵λɣĹĪǽҡҩڵԼµһСˣԵѾȫ
ˣȥתĹҩڲ
ŷһŶǰ֮ǰķݶӦʱ䣬ĹԼҩڹ򡣡Գ˵
Ѵ۵ݣҲ
ôȥĻĹܲˡ㣬ȷҪˣѴв
û뵽ҩԣǰĹǰǿӲ
ôв𣿡վѴۡ
вֻϣܹµףѴ۵
Ϣ΢΢һкȵ


3631 ɽ
ϵѹѴɫ䣬͵Ĵλվ
Ѵ۵Ŀ⣬Ķžԡһ̣ѴЩľԻ֡ʵȻҲǿԱcn¹ۻǲһЩcn¹۶ھС
ˣҲ׷վ
֮ǰǾ͵Ĺʹ̸£ڿǵĵȫȷġ
ҩڲҩҲûҪ˶ŭɣѴ۳˵
һΣҸĹһӣ㲻֡סˣԺٳҩڣͱҳˣѴۡ
ãðѴصĵ˵ͷ
λϹ˹֡
ϣҩڣԺҪΪյڡѴ۷һߺݻ֮󣬿뿪˷䡣
Ѵ뿪֮󣬾תĿλϡ
λϣǷΪˣʵ
ҡҡͷ˵ڣҩڵʲôľǶᾡ֧㡣
ȻȷʵĹ˺ΣĹЩˡϼ˵
ǰʮʮżŷǺǣĹθڻ湻ġҿǹġӰЦһ
ҩڣҲӡʱҲбҪǿӲһЩ̻˵
λȻЩĹ˺Ĳúǻ֧־
ǵüӱСˡĹֶΣֻеĸϬաֿ˵
š
λϷģĹǸҩצӣҾͰצӶ˵
գͷĹʹ߼棬ȷʵǳջ
ԭԾͶĹĻƶҩҶǳڣĹȻҩʨӴ󿪿ڡĹΪͳԶҩڣ
ڵά켫֮֮ǰԻൣһЩڣҲά켫֮ĻԪۣĹԿҲδûһս֮
ԣʲô

Ѵ뿪ҩܲٶȻصĹ
ȥ·ϣѴԽԽԺ޵ҧгݡ
ã˴ҩܲԼܴܵ衣
ĹĴܹܣĹľţĹĶ
ҩǸľСвԺ󶼲̤ҩڡ
쵰Ѵеζʲ¡
صĹѴ΢ϢûУĹ
ѴĹǰĹһѴ۵ɫ֪Ѵ۴˴ǰҩڲ˳
ĹЦһ˵˵˵ɣʲô
ˣǾԣһ֪СҿҩԺ͵Լ֪Լ˭ˡѴҧ˵
ôά켫֮ҩǲͣǹ¡ĹĿ
ôܾĹɵˣĹʡ
ǾܾҹңԺٽҩڣͻҶ֡Ѵۺ޺޵
СĿˡ̬ȶҲˣȥҩڣĹѴ̧ͷĹ˵ˣҿžСѹûĹ
ˣĹضһ޴Ѵۺ޲þ̾
ĹϣҲһ㺮˪
ȷʵǲĹͽˡĹͷ˵
šҿС֪˲ϢУǽĹˡѴصͷ˵
ܺãȻˣǾͶɣҵҪܲܽסҵСĹٴ¶Цݡ

¹ϻԪռ䣬ĳһصĿռ䡣
Ĺң
һɫӣؿռ䣬Ĺǰ
ʱĹתߡţĹǱźߵġ
ͻ᳤ĹЦЦ
л
ոսһؿռˣǰ᳤̻ܻ̻ᣬ¹ϻԪռ̻ᣬ鼰и̻ᣬҲ¹ϻԪռ䶥֮һ
ˣкηԸͻ᳤ʵ
֪ĹǷǳҪ顣ΪѰĹͲҪؿռ档
ؿռĴڣûмֻ֪˵صʱĹŻʹռ͡
ͻ᳤ϣֹ̻ͣһҩڵĹֱ˵
ʲôͻ᳤󾪡
Ҫ̻ᣬжҩڵ⣬ֹͣҩڹӦеĲϡĹƽĴظһ仰


3632 Ĺ
ͻ᳤˫ĿɴĹ
жһҩڵ⣿
£ʵ̫ˣǣΧᳬ
ȷǣҩ⣬Ƕ԰̻Ҳصʧ
ͻ᳤ЩףĹΪʲôͻȻҪ
Ĺôʧɾʹˡң̻ȻǻԪռ̻ᣬһЩ̻Ϊҩṩϡͻ᳤˿ƽ˵
һ㣬֪ġĹЦһ
ûϵһ֪ͨ⼸̻ᣬҲֹͣҩڵ⡣ҪҩûвƵҩĹĿ⿴Զˡ
ȷҪô𣿡ͻ᳤ٴĹȷϡ
ţôɣȥ̶֡Ĺ˵ͷ
ǣͻ᳤Ӧһ
ԣҵҪҩʲôҶĹת

ҩܲ
ԴĹʹѴ뿪֮󣬾ͷһֱһ£ĹǱЩֶΡ
ֱҩڣӦûʲôԵġҩڵ񣬼ĹȫԸҪҩڣҲûʲôɹĿԡ˵ҩڵӰĹҪҩڣҲܵԸ
ģ޲TͲӲܡ
Ҵԡ
ʲôˣһʵ
ҸոսӵϢֹ̻ͣҩڵˡ̻ᣬѾжҩڹӦϡϢ˵ǰ᳤̻ܻµһЩѾҩڵĲϣ;ͷˡ˵
Ŀ΢΢һ
ĹıѾʼ
һжϰ̻ҩڵ
̻Ǳߣ˵ԭ𣿡ʵ
ûУû˵κԭֻ֪ͨǣδһʱҩڹӦκβϡ¶ŭ֮ɫ
ǰֹ̻ͣҩڹӦϣǡֹ
Ҫ˵ʲôȻҲס
Ĺˡ˵
üɻ˵Ĺֱð̻ҩֹͣ⡣̻ᣬôĹĻ𣿡
֪ⰲ̻ܳΪ¹ϻԪһ̻ᣬΪĹİĹ¹ϻԪ֮ǰ̻ȻҲǿ󣬵δǿû̻俹ĵزͻ᳤ĹĹϵҲ⡣ĹǿҪ󰲺ͻ᳤ôǰͻ᳤ӦҲž˵
ţ֪ˡԵͷ
Ȼ̻᲻ˣǾȼӴ̻Ṻϰɡ˵
̻ᣬȷʵҲԹϡǣ²ܳáһЩϣ̻¢ϡܴһЩҲֹۡ¶ɫ
£һ취ʱȴ̻ṺϡԵ
ǣӦ

̻жҩڵһ£ܿҩ֮ۡ
ô飬϶޷סġ
ңҩڸ߲ҪĹ̻ҲһųϢ
һʱ䣬ҩⶼ¶ǵա
ҩõɵ϶ûУʲôɵ
һƲɵǺⲻ
һգÿ춼ҩڸ߲ԣ̸۴¡
λϣ硣
ԣЩǰȴ˿Ľ겻
ΪʱĻֻЩ˸ǡ
֮ٴԡһΣɫѿ
ڶ̻̻ҲֹͣҩڹӦˡԾ˵
Ŷ۾΢У̻ᣬ˵𣿡
ûС᳤ҩˣʱڻͷϡ
ţȥԵ˵ͷ
ͷϣԼ᳤̻ܻۡ
ۣҲһά켫֮ĻԪۡʱɫ
ʵǱǸˡ᳤Եĵһʱ䣬æǸ
᳤ˡ˵̻ᵥֹͣҩڹӦϣЦʵ
ǣҲǸոµľһ˵ľ̻Ԫϻľ᳤˿ԡ
̾һ˵̻ľҲ֮١̻ᣬǷǳҪҩģΡ
Īǣ̻ܵⲿѹ̧Ŀʵ
ȷʵˡѹʵ̫ˣ̻ᶥסҲ˵һֻ㡢ҩڱʾֿǸ⡣̻ᣬûеڶѡ񡣡᳤֮ɫ˵


3633 Ҫ
᳤̻ܻ㲻˵һʩӵѹҲ֪
Ĺ

̻ҩϵĺһֱ죬˫ûвìܡҩڣҲһֱ̻ΪҪĿͻ֮һǣҲʧȥҩڵ⣬ʵûа취̻Ҫ¹ϻԪڻȥֻܷҩڵ⡣᳤̾Ϣһ˵
ֻǵ᳤û˵
᳤˵һЩǲӦ˵ġ˼Ҿû˵ȽϺá
ǸͻȻ̻ʩѹҪֹҩڵУӦһЩԭġ㻹Ҫ취Ǹ֮ǰìܡ
ô˵ܻвˣǳġ᳤˵
ȻΪԺҩǶĹġ
Ĺδƿ¹ϻԪ¹ϻԪǿĹģʧܵıضҩڡ
᳤˼ס£֪ˡ
̻ΪⲿѹֹͣҩڵԼҩڣܹ⡣Գ᳤˵
л᳤Թ˹֡
˵Ҳ˵ģҶ˵ˡڣҲøˡ᳤£ת뿪
Կ᳤뿪ıӰĿһƬ⡣
ݣ
ǺǣĹúݵֶΰǰ̻ᣬž̻ᡣϲ»иðֹҩڵɣԵ˵
鵽һԿȷĹǾҪҩ˺ˡ
ĹͼķʽȾԺҩڳ
ھǰĹĹϴǸӦŷĹĹðָ̻ҩڵĺ
ȻԸûĹ
Ǹϴƾʲô
õúܣȻ붷ǾͶһ½֮ұȥ޲TĹǾͿһ˭Ц󡣡ĿȴǱŷŷŭĻ档
ǰҩְ󣬾޲Tй˽µĽ̸
޲Tȷ˵ܹһʱڵά켫֮ͻȫ֧־ƿ¹ϻԪΪ¹ϻԪ֮һὫ¹ϴµز͸ԡ
ԳΪ¹ϻԪ£ʵһֱû¶ģǵľĹĹܸӣҩǾԻЩ˼¹ϻԪ֮λӡ
ɵһȻʲôˡԪ֮ˡ

ʱһȥ
ҩֹԽԽˡ
ʱЩҩڹӦϵ̻Χ󡣵󣬾һЩ۹Ѱҩڵ鷳ҩڵĽã¹ϻԪռںܶ۹Ҷ¥¥̡ǰЩ¥¥ȵ̵ľӪһֱܺãȴⲻϡ
һЩ¥¥ЩһЩϡŹֱֵӲ⡣
壬ÿ춼յӸشصѶϢÿһ죬µҩڵ鷢
ʱƣ¹ϻԪߣֱ仯
ϢǱȽϳٶ۵ˣҲע⵽ҩڱˡڶ̶ʱڣҩƺƾճжԵ
ʲôˣҩڣ
¹ϻԪ֮ڣֶҩڵ˻м
ѵĹ
˾ŲʮɣһЩţҩĹĹȡ˼ҵֶαҩڡ
ҩӰǿĹԿտҪ
Ĳ˵Ӳùǿ϶ġ
λԣͷ˰ɣ
ԭΪҩ֮󣬻ȶڿҩڵʹûǶʱء
˵λһά켫֮ǿߣʵǿᡣдţcn¹۹ĵҩС
ʵǿҲǿĹĹά켫֮εĻԪۣѽӽάˡĹԿҿ𣿡
¹ϻԪڣ۷׷ס
Ŀ⣬ҩڣԡ˶ڵȣȵҩڿסһ̵
ڴ˿ҩھڿ֧ţһ᰾סĽҪôҩڷȡĹԭ£Ҫôҩʳա

ҩܲ塣
һգӰ壬ǰ
Ӱԣ
Ӱض񡣡԰˰֣Ŀʵ鱨Ϣ𣿡


3634 ɱﺧ
Ӱ̻ҩֹѹ˲̵ʱ䡣
ʱУҩһֱûжⷢŵԣٵܣԱֳĬ״̬
˿͵ҩˡ
ʵϣȴǰзԸӰȫӰõ֤Ϣ
Ϣ鱨ѾͳϡӰԾ˵
£Ӱóӽԡ
һӼ¼ģǽҩֹϢ鱨ڶӣ˱ҪĿҩ밲̻ϵӰ˵
ţܺáӰʱˡԽӹĲӺ󣬶԰Ӱ˵
ӦġӰ
¶ɻ֮ɫʵҪЩĿʲô
ӰԵ˲ᣬҪԭɹĪְڼ䣬ҩ밲̻֮
ĪѾҪЩóʲô
˲ᣬôɾʹˡ۾΢С
Ӱžԡ
̻ҩȻ˲ûʲôôҲȥ׷ǰ̻ҩֹͣ˲Ƿˡ΢Ц˵
»ǲ̫ס
˲ᣬȷʵںܴ⡣Ҫ׷ĻҲֻ׷Īܰɣѵǻƾ˲ᣬǰ̻⣿Ӱ˫ü
ûҪҰ̻ᣡЦһ̻ͨ¸ĪܣԸ߼˴ĲϸҩڣҩڴԹʧԴˣ̻븺𡣡
ӰĿɿڴ
˵㰲̻ΣǡԸ⸺Ҫ⳥ҩڵʧǲܵ鰡ǣڰ̻ỹֹͣҩڵһֻ£̻ᶼҪɣ
Ǻǣ²벻Ǿܲǵġ
Ǿܾ⳥ǸáԵ
ѵ԰̻ᶯȭͷԸ̻᣿Ӱ۾ɵˡ
ԣ̻ſ£Ӧûúõҩڵĺɣ˵
⡭ɱﺧ𣿡ӰЩ޷Ե뷨
˼ҶɱҩȴҪɱﺧ

һ򹫸棬ͻȻҩڷ
⹫һ֣һд¹ϻԪڵĴ̻ᡢ̻ᡢcn¹۹ȵȡ
ҩϵҪǵʡ޷ͨҩ˵ʧȥҩʸ񡣻仰˵ǣݹʾϵҪҩ⣬ҪҩڵҪ
߿󣬶Ŀɿڴ
ΪҩڹʱУҩֹ
˼Ҷֹҩںˣҩֹʾһ˺ʵڸʲô
˶ЦҩЩˡ
ҩѾ˰ɣ
ʾʲôЪ˹άԼϣ
ֻ˾ÿЦɣ
ҩѡ˵һ޴ĴԣͲʺϵҩ
ҩѾҪˣʱŪһ˺ʵ
ѾЩĸˣ϶ڳЦǾΪ
λЩɰ

Ц¹ϻԪӿֶ
ҩڲĳԱҲǰ̾ǣ֪ԼˣڸһЩʲô

սӰ߰ɣԶλ˵ͷ
սͰӰ໥һۣЩ
͡ˣսֿʵ
ԣȥԵ˵ͷ
սЩ
ҲѾ֪ˣ˴ξҪȥ̻ܲĿģȻʦҪȭͷ̰̻ˡ
ǣȥ̻᣿
Ժսά켫֮ĻԪۣȥ̻֣ܲͷֻҲֻˡ
ʲôǣľ˾ð̻İɣ
ǿǰ̻ᰡ¹ϻԪڣ֮һ
ӰҲĬĬ̾Ϣһ
ˣ𵢸ʱ䡣ڣǳѾЩȲˣ԰˰ֱۣȷж
սͰӰˣǷжȥҲֻӲͷƤϡǣܲһȥ̻ܲ߹ݡ
Ҿáǵ̻󣬵һǽ֮УսСĵĿžԣ˵


3635 
֮УҩԡսӰٴǰ̻ܲ
սСĿԡ
оڵִﰲֱ̻֮ܲӶ֡
оǴȥ̻ܲ
Ҳ֪̻᷽᲻Ϊҩڶɵ
Ӱͬǳģʲôû˵ȻҪȥ̻ܲǾȥɣڻ᲻ᱻŪǵȵ˰̻ᶯֺ˵ɣ
սԣЦЦתĿߡ
ǴȥҪǺúýء΢Ц˵
𣿡սһ¡
ȻġսȻҩʱ䲻ܳӦöҲһЩ˽ǡˣϲľ⡣ܽģҼԷʵǣԷ뽲ǾǱҶЦ
սĿɿڴԡ
һ£˵Ǵȥ̻ᡣ̻ܾ⳥ҩڵʧҪ𣿡
ǵȻҩڵʧҲҺϣͻ᳤ֵܷơȻҲֻܶˡصĵͷ˵
ս¶Ц

˶ά켫֮ǿߣ·ٶǼ졣ң󲿷ֵ·̶ͨ˲ƣԽʱ䣬Աλ˰̻ĵ̡
ǵٶȣִܿܵﰲ̻ܲˡս˵
šԵ˵ͷ
ľô밲̻ܲս
ô룬ѵ׼һﲻɣԷ˷Ƥ
ǡҵ˼ǣǲӦôѶţ׼һ밲ֱ̻Ӷ֣ҲǰԽ̬иԤս˵
԰ڰֵãҴ˳֮ǰѾλ˵˴¡
ˣ̻ܲѵǸҽȥĿǰ
£ھ˵֮ڣһƬȺܹ
ƬȺǰ̻ܲ
̻¹ϻԪ֮ڣ̻ᡣܲûнֱӵԴס̻ܲģ඼̻ĸ߲Աͻ᳤㳤ڴ̻֮ܲС
˸ոսӽ̻ܲĴ󣬱㱻һӻ
̻ܲķǼΪǿġ㲻ҩȹϵĴͳȣҲСܲ󷨣ںԴȥǲ벻ǿѡ
ֹ
ǰ̻ᣬ˵Ͻ
ӻеĶӳԾ˺
δ˵ս̤һԷҩԣǰݻᰲ᳤̻ܻͨһ
սԵݣӰ̻Ļɫһ䡣
ңǶӳʱѾϳ˼սͰӰˡΪҩÿڵ¹ϻԪռ֪ȻǼģкܶ˶ʶǡ
Ȼҩڼս˵ĻȻǼٻ˿ֿȥΪߣҩԡ
ԭҩ˺λǶӳĹ˹֡
λԵȣȥͨӳ˵
ˡսֵ
΢ȴôһᡣⰲ̻ܲأǿдĻҲ˷Ѳٵʱ䡣սֿ˵
ʵǣ˼лᴳ̻ܲ󣬵ֻ˵ԲˣԲ˵ǿ˷ʱ䡣
ţǾڴ˵صȵȡ˵

̻ܲߵһ
ŶǾˣˣͻ᳤ո汨ϢĿʱһ¶Ц⡣
ҩĿסˡһ̻߲Ц˵
ǺǣλҩǰŴҩڷ棬˵Ҫǰ̻ĺʽ飬ھԵˡһ룬˾ÿЦءһλ̻߲㳰˵
ҩĿǰ״УҲǱƲѰɣΣѾҩڵˡڵѹˡһ˳˵
᳤ܻҩԵţǲҪһ˿򰲺ͻ᳤Цʵ
ԵŵǸҲܴӦָ̻ҩڵͻ᳤ҡҡͷ
˵ƾʲôӣͻ᳤üëһ̧ҩܲ⾰Կûʲôӡڣ͸һ²صζ
᳤ܻɴ˱Ͼҩ㲻ֻ»᳹׽ҩڵ˰и߲Ա΢Щġ
⻰ͻ᳤ҲƬ̡
ҩݣ¹ϻԪ֮ڣȷʵ൱ķ


3636 Ҫծ
ΪĹǰ̻ҲҩжϺ
ڵҩǽͷöɰͻ᳤Բȫҩڵ
ͻ᳤˼Ƭ̡
ԣҾͲˡȻֱ˵Ҳ˵ҳˣĿǰ̻ܲͻ᳤˵
ᣬ棬ǾԴ˰ɣͻ᳤һ˵
ǣӦ
ҩְϣҲͬͻ᳤ȥҩܲģҲԡ
ǰ̻Ĵִй٣̻Ȩܴ󡣶Ա˵۾͵ĹĴܹѴۡڰ̻ڲ᳤᳤ϵĵλҪۡ
ᣬԵʱ˵Ҫ΢ίôһ㡣󰲺ָ̻ҩڵ⣬ҲҪֱһھ;ܾžǡԣܲܳʱ뿪ҩܲͻ᳤ֶ˵
᳤ܻģ֪ķִ硣۵
Ȼˣ̬Ҳ̫Ҫ֪Ұ̻ҲҩͬһĴͻ᳤˵
᳤ܻģҲʧǰ̻硣һ˵
˵ʵ۴ʱЩ˷ܡҪܾһλԪڶ붼˾üء
ˣȥɣǰ̻ᣬҲҩ̫áͻ᳤Ц˵
̻֮ܲ⣬ӳȥ
λͣӳԾ˹˵
ս˿ԣǺȻĵ˵ͷǰС
սͰӰˣžԡ
ӳ˴˰̻ܲĻ
ֵƬ̣̻Ĵִй۲Ŵ˽
һ۾ʹЦһսӰλݹ٣Ұ̻԰
üۡ
սͰӰۣҲ̲סü
ͻ᳤أ
˭ָָۣߵˡ
ǰִ̻йۡӰӦԡ
ɫһĿⲻõĿ˾һۡҩڵ˪ϣ뾰Լ档Դʱѯ˭Ǵ
ŭ⡣
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λҩҪ˵ʲô


3637 һŲ
ѾɵĽףծʲô
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˵Щʱ򣬾Ժλְĵ۽˵ꡣ
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ıڴ֮󣬽ɷŭͷ߿˫Ŀ춢žԡ
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ߵ̧ţ۵ǰ̤ȥ
㡭ҪʲôĿеķŭΪ֣зҺ


3638 αͱˣ
һȥת˲֮䣬۱ȫޣΪһʬ塣
ԱߵļսͰӰˣֱˡ
ҩڵľôɱۣ̻Ĵִй٣ôˣ
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ɱ˰̻ۻãǣǰ̻ܲ
ڰ̻ܲնɱ˰̻ϯִй٣̻ὫķӦǲö롣
һŲ֮ƺЩδûջܣǼͷšţ̻Ļ񱩵֮·顣
ͻ᳤һ̻߲ڳģͬʱҲڵ۴ҩ
ִйȥв̵ʱ䣬û˰ɣһЦų˵
λͦѲģȻִйٴʱѾˡ
Ի᲻ᰧǰ̻ҩڻָף
ҩȹϵҲǰ̻ᡣ
ûǰ̻ṩĲϣҩʲôǣȻǡ
ǾҲȷʵ޴Ĺֿԡ

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ǸʵҲ뽲ģԳƴ̻ȴҽҲλ᳤ҡҡͷ˵
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ͻ᳤˱ΪҩˣΪ󰲺ָ̻ҩڽסڿˣ⾰ԣԳҪծġ
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ЦҰ̻ᣬǷҩڵծ񣿾СҪͻ᳤ָ֣žŭǳ⡣


3639 
ҡҡͷĿ⿴ļսͰӰ
λǿⰲͻ᳤ҲǴ˵ġԳ˵
֪Ұ̻δǷҩκծڿҰ̻Ҫծ֪֤ݣſڿӣ̻λ᳤ʵ
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е˲ᡣ
ڹȥϳһʱ̻ͨ¸ҩڲɹܵķʽԸ߼۽ҩڣҩڴľ޶ʧ̻ȴڴ˵ȽУȡ˺档
е˲ᣬ֤ݡң⻹һֶѡ
ҴҩڣҪ󰲺̻⳥ҩܵʧңھܵļ֮󣬰̻ҩ⳥ʮʧԴ˵
⳥ʮʧ
սͰӰٴ̲סתĿԡ
ǺȻãȻ͹Լŵԡ
ֻҪʧ̻ᶼܴӦԣȻҪ󰲺̻ʮ⳥ҩڵʧ
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άά켫֮
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̴ЩԼ۾


3640 츲
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᳤̻ܻûдﵽά켫֮Ҳǵάܾõ켫̴֮ҩԵĽǿ÷ǳ
־Ѿά켫֮ĻԪۺ󣬰ͻ᳤Ҳ𶯡ܿʶ̴кܴΣա
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Ӱһ任һλãҪȺɱ̻Ա

ס֣ס֡ͻ᳤˫Ŀ죬ĶڵѪ
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Կ˿ͻ᳤ԥƬ̺ڻǽ׽
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ͻ᳤žԣޱȳصĵ˵ͷֿ˿ܵ龰Ľݻ٣ʮ̻ĶնɱʵԽĲʹʵζ뵽̻ܲһ˴ݻٵ
ף
ΪʲôΪʲôҩͻȻά켫֮ĻԪۡ


3641 Ϣӳ
ʱİͻ᳤еľҪȷŭ
ҩְϣۼcn¹۽֣ʱľԣά켫֮ĻԪ۶ά켫
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Ҳ˵¹ϻԪռ֮ڣҩԿĹڸ濹⣡
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֪ѵά켫֮Ͳ׵ķžԽҩܲ
ҩڵ󷨼Լά켫֮ĻԪۣҪǿдҩܲҲһ׵顣٣ҪķѸʱ䡣һʱĹԮ
žԵ˽ҩڲķʮȥ߰ˡ󷨵Ĺʱɱά켫֮ǿߡ
ֻǣ˭뵽Իά켫֮ĻԪۣ
Ҫ⳥ͻ᳤˿ǿʵ
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ΪʱȺܴ󣬶ҩڴӰ̻ɹĲޱȵӴۻðͻ᳤ľսң̻Ҫ⳥ֵʮ
¹ϻԪһ̻ᣬҲ޷һòôʯ⳥Դˣһ飬Ƕ⳥ȱڲ֣Բϳ֡

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ʵϣھ֮ǰҩԴҩں̻ܲϢѾˣǰ̻ܲԼȥġ
ʱ̻ܲΪҩģǽϢķųȥԴ̻
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ոմѶϢ˭԰̻Աˡƺɱ˰̻ںҪԱ
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ȥ̻ʱȷʵ˵ǣֻ˵ȥ᳤̸̻еģû˵˼̻ܲ֡
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Ǵ˹ȥȻҲˡǵõϢʱܾͽˡ̻˵
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ĵǣĹ¡ˣǾȻѶȾ͸ˡ˵
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λҩϣھ򵥵֮󣬱㶼ж׼Ӫԡ
ҩڵλϵõϢʱ¹ϻԪҲõƵϢ
ܶڸո˵µʱ򣬶ţҩԣȻԵ˰̻֣ܲ
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Ϊ˼Ұ̻᲻
ҲıƼ˰ɣ˵ҩڵĲϿѾݽˡٲѰҲԴҩڵ֧ÿɾҪͣˡ


3642 ǵ
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ϣλ˵ǵ᲻Ѿά켫֮أƺҲֻһֿԲŽ͵ͨ²


3643 ǰ߶
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һģǲҲ֪𣿡Ц˵
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Ƕ˽̻췭ظޱȳ졣Ӱ˵
ţȷʵʹ졣̻ΪҩڵͿҩڡһΣӦ֪Լ˶ôĴ󡣻УԵǰ̻ᣬǰͻ᳤Ȼ棬˵ʲôܲǺǣǰս
ǴӰ̻ᣬҪ˴⳥ԴͲϡЩϣҩƵҩĶǽϴţӦǿάһʱˡⲢδȫɫ
Լǡ
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ĹֱӿսȻǲ׵ġ٣Ŀǰʱûҩڣóǵɱ棬㡣Բ򲻵ѣͲĹȫ濪ս˵
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ҩλϣʶԢҩ֮ǰӦ

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šҴӰ̻ᣬҪ˲ٲԴãһһη䡣Եͷ˵

Ĺյܿռ䡣
ʱĹͶ¹ϻԪкܸݵλ߶ռ֮ڡ
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˵ʱĿ⿴򰲺ͻ᳤ͻ᳤ޱ顣
ţͻ᳤֮ǰѾ˵ˣȷʵά켫֮ĹҲ˰ͻ᳤һ˵
Ĺ֮ǰԴҩڼսͰӰǰ̻ᣬҪ󰲺̻ҩ֧һ⳥ҵģҼܾҩ⣬ǾҲҪ⳥ǵı顣
ǰά켫֮ǿߣԵţҵ̻Ҳ򵲲סά켫֮ĻԪۡһ᳤̻ܻ˵
򰲺̻ᷢѣҲôǵ˼ҿǵ̬Ȼת䣬ܿͻһһˡһ۹ĵ


3644 Ĺĳŵ
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Ĺһά켫֮ߣΪĹҩڶϾ
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⣬һǰй¶һ㡣ĹһתõͳһЩ
ܿ죬ҽ¹ϻԪȫԪ״̬ʱ򣬻ԪڸӵеԴкܴһ֣ͳҩڵԴҲ⡣Ĺ˵

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ͻ᳤㰲̻ʧȷʵ󡣾Ҷ˽ˡĹŰͻ᳤˵̻ʧһ취ֲҲᣬð̻װ׳ܾ޴ʧð̻װѪ
ҩ֮󣬰̻ʧõӱĲĹ򰲺ͻ᳤֣صĳŵ


3645 Ԫ֮
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3646 زؿռ
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⡭Խزؿռ䡣
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Ϊʥʮ̶ռľ飬Ծ˲ȷһԪ򣬿ֱյǵ


3647 ɫ
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˭֪أֻܲ²⣬ǵȽһϢɣ

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άȼдǰĹμӴᡣ
Ĺ¹ϻԪɫ״̬־֮£Ĺ뺯ûԶӡ޲TҲдǰĹμӴᡣ
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ܾɳμӴᣬĹֱӶ乥ֱӺ϶Χˡ
άȼ֮У켫֮ĻԪ۴ڣһά켫֮ĻԪۡ
¹ϻԪ֮ڴںܶࡣϾ¹ϻԪǸάԪռ䡣
½ĵִĹȴŴ˴δٿ
ЩִĹ໥֮ҲнϢѯĹΪɫ״̬ƺû֪ԭ򣬻˵֪ԭˣûнԭ˵
ĿǰҲ͵Ĺܿռ䣬ĹǼٲִ֪ԭ
̣Լ˰֮á
¹ϻԪϾһǳӴĻԪռ䡣һЩĴǴӻԪռһһˡǸ·ҪķѴʱ䡣
ൽֵ֮һҵʱ䡣
һգĹܹѴۣĹĴһڻԪϢ
Ԫᣬ֮ٿ
˵ѴۣĹǻںԭԪɫ״̬Ѵ۲δ˵ֻ˵ڴϣĹҽ¡


3648 ̨
֮Ĺ̨ǿۡ
˴ǰĹμӴǧ֮ࡣҲ˵¹ϻԪڴﵽάȼһǧ
̨֮ϣ֮ǰźáԪǵĴλڷ̨ǰλá֮ε򣬻Ͼǰոǿ֡
ҩڡ޲Tcn¹۹ȻԪǵϯλڵһš
ӰҩڵĴ̨֮кܶӰϴкȻЩ˶֪ĹҩڲԸĿǰΪֹ󲿷ֵδѡվҲ̬
ʹ󲿷ֵԣĹҩ֮һʤȯգǲ׾Ϊһս̨
ңҩΪһΪϵ̺Ӱ¹ϻԪǸٹ̵ġдҩڶŶٻǹǰеϵ
ӰҲǿĻӦЩк֮ߵԼϯ
ӰϡԱһɫߣӰϹ˹֡
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Դۣ޲TԱ޲TǴܹܵݣλԺա¹ϴۻڵʱԴҲܹ¹ϴ۱˵ġ
ӰϣյĴᣬһɲѰζԴѹӰ˵
ţҲͬĸоӰϵͷ˵
ʱ޲TҩڵĹϵƺһӱ˺ܶࡣǰҩ޲T֮Ĺϵֻ˵һ㡣ھԳΪҩ֮ǰҩڲûʲôĹΪԪ̬֮ȡλϣĹԪ֮֮С
ԴӾ¹ϻԪΪҩǴ˰̻֮޲Tҩ֮Ĺϵƺбˡ
ӰϡԴˣӰһЩ˵ʱ䣬޲T鱨ţ鵽һЩϢĹжҩڲľٴ롣δϣĹܻܿҩֱӷѡӰϣ׼Ӧԡ
ĹôӰϢһʵ
ĹԪɫ״̬ǶټμӴᡣΪĹҪͳԪڵԴҪóһĴԴ
ĹλԸҩڣһҪҩóĴԴֵҪ󣬱ҪҩڽΪԪƵҩԴ˵
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ӰϣѾǰǵйǵҽĹҩڣ޲Tᾡȫ֧ҩڡԴ˵
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¹ϻԪĹߡĹˣݵѴۼ鲢ïغ
ӰϡԴ۵ˣǶ΢΢Ŀ¶⡣
ĹףȻԽԽˡڵĹֻǻԪĹߣ˻Ԫ֮ļӡ
Ѵۺ仰֮һӰ֮ϻ
ˣȻĹ¹ϻԪռʵǿĻԪۣӽά켫ߣ
ˣ
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Ĺת
λѡĹ
ĹӭλѣܹĹμӴ˴ĹĴᡣҸˣҲܸмλǰĹ͸һĺء
֮ǰĹԪռɫ״̬֪ܶ˶Դ˶еѽ⡣Ĺ˵
һ֪Ԫмٲߣڱ顢Ĺö¹ϻԪĹȨĹı࣬ĿкĹâӿ
˵仰ʱƺĶ࿴һǰŵӰϡԴ۵ˡ
ٿĿģһ˵ĹΪҪԪɫ״̬һϣһ𣬹ͬӦԲԡĹȫ˵
ĹţĹԪɫ״̬޲TԴվǶĹ˹֣˵


3649 Ԫս
ĹԴۣϵЦѰζ
Դۣȴ˿ųļ˵ֻǣǻ֪ԭ֪¹ϻԪٵΣʲôܹΪЧΪӦΣ׼
Ĺ˵ͷδ̻شԴ۵⡣
һ£ĹѴʵѣ˴δδ
ص˻ͳƣ¹ϻԪ֮ڣάȼϵɳμӱδᣬȱϯѴ۹˵
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ţܺáĹĵ
ĹǷܹǣ¹ϻԪҪΣԴۻվ׷ʵ
Դۣ޲TΪûǰμӴ˴δ᣿޲T¹ϻԪ֧֮һӦġĹ۾΢УΧԴۡ
Դ΢ü˵޲Tнʵ޷ǰμӴ˴δᡣԣҴ޲TμӴ˴δᡣ
ԭĹٴЦЦ
Ĺ޲TԴѯ¹ϻԪҪΣաԴˣԴ֪Ҳ֪ӰվĹʵ
ĹӰ˵ҩҲû𣿡
Ĺ̬ƺǸողŷҩûе
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ĹĹǻԪռɫ״̬أĹһǷ˶ǻԪռвΣաҿĹǣΣվʲôһĴĹʡ
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ԪȻǿĸάԪάԪǸάԪάԪ֮ڣиά켫֮ǿߴڡ¹ϻԪ¹ϴۻڣ¹ϻԪǲҪ̫Ԫսǣ¹ϻԪѾˡ¹ϻԪ֮ڣûܹסһά켫֮Ԫ۵Ĺ
ԪҪ¹ϻԪս
Ϊʲô
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¹ϻԪѷܾãƺδԪǣʲôڹ¹ϻԪ
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ĹϢʵ𣿻᲻ᣬʲô᣿
ڶݵļž֮󣬷̨֮һƬе޷⡣
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ĹϢԴǳ޲TԴʵ
ϢԴͲˡ֮Ϣǳɿ¹ϻԪȫԸ׼ӦԴ˴Σϲ¹ϻԪҲû̫ʱΪⳡԪս׼ˡĹɨԴһ˵


3650 ҩ
Ĺ˵ϢԴԴ۵Ҳ޷׷ʡ
Ͼ¹ϻԪ֮ڣĹǿƵһ
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̨ϣðڳÿһͷģԵѹ֡
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ҾãԪĸάԪռ䣬¹ϻԪȻھԵơǲ܄ͬģǽûзֺĻսлʤԣǱŽһ¡ĹȻһ
ĹǣӦô˴ʵ
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ڶڿʼս֮ǰ¹ϻԪڵԴͳԴ䡢ʹõĿҪĹˡδĹǸ䣬֧ȻˣһרŵСмලලСĳԱԻԪڸҲصġĹ˵
Ĺ㣬̨ȻкܶвԸԪ¹ϻԪսѹ֮£ҲԷʲô
ĹͼеĳԱ֧ĹĹ۵㡣
ӰϺԴĶһۡ
ԪҪ¹ϻԪսҲóϣĹķȷģٷȷ
ӰϺԴۣûгԡ
е㡣ͣƬ֮Ĺٶȴ
˵仰ʱĹ΢ЦӰϡ
ӰϣҩԱչزǰμӴ˴δᣬҩڲμӡôҾ˵˵ɣĹӰ˵
ӰüĹ
㣬ҩֱӵĹϵҩڣ¹ϻԪ֮ĵҩӦԪڣĸ߶ɵǳҩ֮ڡҩڵϵ֮ǿĻԪռ䣬Ҳ֪ġ
Ƕ֪ڴ͵սУҩǲȱٵĶߵսߵƣҪɵԣϣҩڽܹרΪԪƵҩΪս׼ĹĿһֱӰϵϡ
Ĺ˼ǣӰɫܲÿ
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Ĺҩڿû̫ĲϴӰѹŭ𣬿˵
Ҫҩһҩڲ̫ڣĹҪҩڡĹڿ˵ҩΪԪĹ¹ϻԪĹߣصĶ̫ˡ
ӰϣҩڣΪȱٲϵġһвϣսֿ֧ȻˣΪȷвһЩĹɳһ֧Сפҩڣȴսֿ⵽ҩڵĲϺɵ
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ĹΪⲢ׵ӰϵȻͬĹһ㡣
Ĺʵ̫ˣҪҩڰװΪĹƵҩȻɳСפҩڡСʲôģϾΪ˼ҩڡ
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ҩȻ⣡ǣҩƵĵҩȫ͵սֿ⣬ҩµĳԱУӰϴ˵
ĹӰ˵ûս¹ϻԪӦóҪŽͬԡǣҲÿǸתɣҩ³ԱҪʹõҩԴġԴ۸ӰϵĻĹ˵
ҩڵɵսȷʵҪҩڱҲôҾãԻһַʽȡҩƵĵҩ磬սֿԴҩڹҩһ޲Tͼе˵


3651 Ѫ
սֿ⣬˲ֿԴԴȻ¹ϻԪڸṩ˲ֿԴȻҲڼĿս
սֿԴҩڹսʹõĵҩϺȻҩҲһΪսֿṩԴ
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ҲΪĹĵܺáȥҩõģӦġҲˣҩڻ¹ϻԪʱˡֻòûĵ

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ţĹѹĿеɱȴǾþòɢ

زؿռ䡣
Խزؿռ䣬нӽһʱˡ
ʱԲ׽˶ǵЩǵУ󲿷ֶԾԶЧ򣬵һ֣ǾԲյԪ
ǵ켫ڵԪһԵƣΪֱʹãֻҪǾ͵ԼԪ
ԣⲻʱյԪٵš
ѹ޲T˵ҽزؿռӦúܿܵά켫֮
زؿռڵǵȷʵܶࡣ
¹ϴΪزؿռ䣬֪׼˶೤ʱ䡣ЩԪҲ֪¹ϴ۴Ӻδõġ԰תĺһ
ά켫֮Ϊ޷ֳǵԪ򡣴ԼϣԪԵǿһͻʧȥԵԪ򣬲Ҳܵˡĺ´ۣǿаԼԪں´½ġ
ҵά켫֮󣬲ܹŪǵ򾿾γɵġԻĵ˵ͷ˵
¹ϴµزؿռڣ²ֻǵԴӦûĶԻܡ
زؿռ伫󣬾̽һʱ䣬Ҳûܽزؿռѱ顣


3652 ɱ
¹ϴµزؿռ䣬Ȼ֮ءʥʮ̶ǰңռĵ֮վȹ̡Ե̽زؿռ䣬ǻܵӰơ
Ծͷһȫزؿռ䡣
һزؿռ䲶׽ǵһѰ¹ϴۿزؿռԴ
ھԽزؿռһ֮󣬾Էһʵɫʯ
ʯ֮ȥֻ֣һ֡
زؿռ¹ϴԿ٣ôʯȻҲ¹ϴµġʯ֮ǰͬʱת
ʯϣԲδܵĵ֮ʯƺҲûرڡ
¹ϴڴ˴һʯʲôĿģ˫üзѽ⡣
ƶŲΧʯһȦ
ʯıǹͺͺƽ棬ûκ֮Ķ
Իصʯ棬ʼϸ۲ʯϵ֡
¹ϴ۽ʯزؿռ䣬Ȼ塣ҡҡͷ
ʯĲʣȻҲǱȽһֿʯ䲢ЩǳϡеĲϣһά켫֮ĻԪۣ˵ȲֻǱȽͨĶ
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3653 
ĹٿȫԪάȼǹһʱ䡣
άȼ뿪Ĺ󣬶ΪԪ׼
Ӱϻصҩ֮ҩҲһ׼ڲõĽܷĿս
սֿԴʹüСĹڳﱸСĳԱȻ¹ϻԪ
ĹΪҩڼСһλãλҩԡΪԻزؿռ䣬ûǰĹ
ĹЭСӣפҩܲЭСӵ񣬾ǸЭҩսֿ֮Դ͵ҩת
ڴϣĹҪҩȫƸɵΪս׼ս֮ǰҩƵɵ͵սֿⴢսֿ⣬Ϊҩṩɵķѵвϡ
ϣӰϾܾĹҩڵҪĹŭҪӰϳ֣޲TܹԴ۵ͣĹӰҩ˵¡
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ЭСӵĶӳĹܹѴۡ
Ѵһҩܲʱ򣬱ǿ𡣵ʱȷ̬ȣѴ۴˲ٽҩܲȻڿĹѴ۶δҩԶѴ۵ϡ
˴ΣѴЭСӽҩ֮ܲ档ҪԣڵõĿǰҩܲãߴٵʦƵҩҩƳĵҩ뽻Ѵۣҩ˽һɵ
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3654 ʽս

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3655 ά
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3656 
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3657 Ͽ
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3658 ټ
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ȻҲȥμӡԶһ˵ȻĹûжҷټǡƺҲǼලСһԱ
ǰĹȷʵڼලСиҩ˳ԱϯλΪҩǻԪ֮һλӾǸԵġ


3659 ͨ
ԼҩֻǲϿĹ¹ϻԪĹȨΪලСûдڵıҪԡ
һ㣬Ĺû齨ලСԹܿػԪռڵԴʹϾ¹ϻԪԪĹලСҪġ
֮ԾǰĹμһμලСĻ顣
ǰĹҩҪʲô׼ʲôӰԾʵ
ڽӵҵĴѶ֮ǰǲκ¡ҡͷ
˼ǣӰԡ
ҵĴѶʱһǽĶЦЦ˵
ǣˣӰ˵ͷ
ԴҩܲǰĹûκҩڳԱԼͬ
Ĺĵ֮ڣȼ޲T

޲T
˼֮󣬼򵥴к
ΪԪ·һЩ飬ûزؿռ޲TԽͣزؿռȾԴ
֪Ҳû뵽ҽزؿռʮ֮УԪڷ˶¡԰һ˵
һ£Լ޲TβμӼලС飬λᣬƷĹ¹ϻԪĹȨ֮ǰ޲T棬ͨ
˵޲Tһ
а𣿡޲Tʵ
زؿռ䣬ѵά켫֮Ե˵
޲T۾һĿоŷЦݿɢ
޲TЦ
ã̫ˣҵһ죬Ѿȵ̫ˡǰҾɻΪֱɱĹѴۣ²ܵάֲȷšڿҵ뷨Щˡ޲Tϲ֮Ա
ġңԼ޲Tȵȣȫ֧㡣
ҾβҪƷĹ¹ϻԪĹȨ磬ֱӳΪԪ֮ƿ¹ϻԪλά켫¹ϻԪֵԪĿԽ޲T˵
ԡĿһͷ˵
ߣǽĹ룬Ĺ²ϵμӼලС顣һãҲ޲T˵
Ҳ뿴Ĺ֮󣬻ķӦ΢Ц˵
Ժ޲TִĹǱȽģ˵ʱලСԱѵ롣
޲TҲѳڼලСԱǰ
СԱû𣿡޲TĿһɨѯһĹĸ߲㡣
ص˻޲TδǸ߲Ա˵
Ǻǣ޲TæһЩʱ䵽ҲġĹЦһ
ֿڼලСԱ˵ǿʼλɣ޲Tȣûе֮ٿʼ
Ĺ֪ټҵȼලСԱҪ¡һԪ䣬Ĺѯʡ
ҩڱ¹ϻԪǵҩ¹ϻԪڵӰıѣ¹ϻԪԹغȻԪ¹ϻԪս֮ʣΪ㸶ϴĴۣҲӦҩĹֱ˵
ҩڣĹټලСʵĿġ
Ĺ˵ĻලСʮԱ졣˱ƽ˽˫üҲĿ˷֮ɫ
Ĺ˵ҩڱ¹ϻԪȷ֤ݣĹʵ
ĹĿһʳˡ
ˣ޲TڽĹʱһĹԱ
Ĺ۾Цŵ˵ͷ
ˣ޲TҩһġĹԱ˵һ䡣
ţĹϢһĿоâ
ලСԱǣҲ¶ı顣
ҩԣĹˣ
ЩˣȻ֪ҩԣɱĹܹѴۡҩڣⷢ棬սĹ¹ϻԪĹȨ
֮£ҩԻĹ
ôģ
ҩڣĶʲôˣĹʵ
ҩֻһ˵
Ĺɫٴһ䡣
һˣһ˾͸Ĺ
ĪǾã޲TɱĹת
ת˲֮ĹٶȸЦݣĿɱɭȻ
޲TֹաҲɱ㣡ԣĹкݺݵĵͺ
Ӱӵⲽڡ
תĿȥȻ޲Tҩԡ
ĹĿ⣬ĶھԵϡ΢΢
Ĺ˼뾰һЩ޲TĹЦ˵


3660 
޲Tˣò飬ŸոտʼѡĹЦҡҡͷ˵
Ĺ·ϣǡ˾ԣ뾰ͬ޲T˵
Ǻǣû뵽㾹ĹĹĿžԡ
ĹЩ⣬ΪҲĹѲɣĹ̶ѨɣҲ¶Ц˵
Ĺ̶ѨȴҪĵطĹȻһȵ
ĹῪЦЦ
ԣҿûй㿪Цҩڣѱ¹ϻԪѡԪΪҩѴ̡ԣɷ˵˵ԪӦʲôĺôǱ¹ϻԪ𣿡ĹȻ˵ϹҪ¹ϻԪñӲҩڿھԵϡ
Ĺ̬ȣԱ̹Ȼ
ĹģһΪǿЦĹ˵ģ޻̸֮ҩڣܱ¹ϻԪڲܣԺҲԲܡԻ˵
΢ͣ٣ԼĹ˵ĹҪĵطǸǿЦ֮
ΪҲɱ㣿Ĺ
Ҳ˼ҵ˼ǣԼĹԶԶҪҾԵ㣬ûǸĹӡ

ԣ»ûиơƺԼվʲôطĹݡһվԽ¡
ˣԻܵcn¹۹cn¹ۡ
Կcn¹Цcn¹ƺҲԼҩܲҴһʱ龰
㡭ɶ񣡾С̫cn¹ŭɶ
ûгԡȻɵʱ뾰Խֵʱ򣬾Իά켫֮ǾԶ֡񣬾ѵά켫֮͸ӲǾԶˡ
ԣҪѿ֮ҩڱ¹ϻԪһʵգܸ¹ϻԪһȷ㣬ɣĹȵ
̧ĿĹ
ĹҩڣҪκεĽ㣬ҲûʸҪκεĽԵ˵
Ǹ㣬Ĺ¹ϻԪĹߡȻҲǼලС鳤ݡ
УΪ׼ԪսĹҪóȫĴԴ䵽սֿ⡣˵仰
Ĺžԡ
ڼලСԱҲžԡ
ĹЦ
СĹЦݣ˵֪ܿû뵽㾹̶ֳȡ죬벻ɱ㶼ˡ
СһʴҩڡԭǵҩڵϵһҩһֵʦڣɹҸı⣬һὫҩڣΪƽأĹȻŭ˼㡣
ĹΪ˵еҾãʺϹ¹ϻԪ޲T˵˵ǣΪӦóΪ¹ϻԪĻԪ֮
¹ϻԪھ£ԵסԪ֡ϣ䣬֧־ΪԪ֮޲TලСڳԱ˵
޲TĹȣ۾졣
޲TΪûʲô顣㣬Ϊ˴ңĹ޲T
ĹֻǾ¡ģΪ¹ϻԪ޲Tҡҡͷ
ãܺðĹʢŭȵȻˣûʲô˵ˡҩ޲T֣Ϊ־вң
ԣ޲TǴˣǵ޴ǽնڴˣĹȫʵһ㡣
ֲѹڵڵ
ලСڳԱʱҲȫվ
ȺԱһһϷֳӪһĹ֧ߡһҩں޲T֧ߡһھĹֳʤ֮ǰǲѡߡ
Ĺ׼𣿡Գ
óλã֧ҳΪԪ֮ҿԲɱġԿĹ
С뿪ĹĹ⽫ɢһΪĹָƽղô

Ĺ뾰Ҫɱˡ
ӣ޲Tﾰ޲TȻά켫ʵǿԶһά켫ܹ֮ƥС
޲Tά켫֮ľ֣ܹĹһ
Ҿò̫ܣĹǽӽά켫֮ĻԪۡ޲TҲ޷ԿĹ
ּලСԱ͵š


3661 ά¹
Ŀǰľƿҩ¹ϻԪԪ֮λӣ޲T֧־
ȻҶĹһֱҪƿ¹ϻԪҲ˵Ĺܽλø
ôһսƺѲɱ⡣ΪȻ¶Ҫ⣬ȻͲĹǰ
ɻǣʲôûóӹϢУҲܹսʤĹɡ
޲TԿ޲T˵ĹȷʵǲԸ⡣
ǰĹԸ⡣޲Tͷ
ˣ˲Ϣ䣬׽ھС
ĹȡĿоٴαŷڿȷʵǴĹֵġ
޲TҲȡɣĹĿ
޲Tҡͷ
ôѵ㲻뾰֣˵֣ҲԶҵĶ֣ĹЦ
޲Tٴҡͷ˵ĹԼʵˡʵͲǾĶ֡ϣࡣ
ЦĹԲ޲T˵
䣡һɫķˮ̣ĹУı
ѪỌ̈̄ܺˡ¹ϻԪ֮ڣѪȪһĹ
С
ĹУɱ֮ˡԭҪӾȵõŷĵɱԡڣѵȲȻȡɵĵˡ
ĹҪþԣѪȪ֮¡
ĹȻԳ֣ҵһӺɫѪȪϣɫ⣬λ⹥֮УԪӰӣɼ
ڵˣȫעĹ;еĲˣҲ׼Ҫǻ֡
Ĺ󣬾΢΢һб׽ǰ̳
Ǭǧػ
ںɱǬǧػԻǵһʹá
Ǭǧػոʩչ֮УǱĽââ֮УЯֲɱܡ
һ̳ڳˣɫǴ䡣
ΪǸӦ˴ɱܲԴǲİΪ¹ϴյĿǿȻʩչǽ⽣УɱܲҲԡ
ɱ
Ȼõ˴ɱһ޳ɣ
ɱ뵽ԼĽ֮У
ôõɱģ
һʱ䣬ͷ𶯣ЩšԶ¹ϻԪߣʹ¹ϴ۵Ĵɱѵ¹ϴ۲ɣ
ĹһҲ䡣ڳĴˣϤɱ⾰ԣʹôɱ
ʱû̫ʱ˼Ϊžͷ˸µһ㡣ǾǣԵΪƺѴﵽά켫֮
ôܣĹУӿһɺ⡣
Ĺбȡ
飡
ǬǧػɫӴɫ̺ܲûֶܼʱ㿪ʼɢ
۾磬ά켫֮Ĺ߳һΡںɱǬǧػҲĹյܱȡ
ͣĹ壬޴ɳȥ
ҲʱĹһ¡
ŨĹâĹ˸ԣĹ󷨱ˡ
ĹӰܵİ֮£סˡ
žԣӡ
ά켫֮ලСԱһס˺
Ƿ֣ѵά켫֮ﵽά켫Ρ¹ϴ֮¹ϻԪû˸ά켫ǿߡڣֳһλά켫֮ǿߡ
᣿ͻ᳤Щʧ˵һҩܲʱά켫֮ߡϴҰ̻ܲά켫֮ߡڣά켫֮
cn¹ɫҰףǾҲĿ⿴žԡ
ҩܲ뾰ԽֹоԣȷԵʱֻά켫֮
Źȥãѵάcn¹ȫ飬Լڵڿٵʧ
֧Ĺľͷһ鶼ѿά켫֮ĻԪۣǡĹҲǾĶ֡˵Ĺοҩں޲T֧֡
ӰһٶȶĹӽ
Ĺ˲ԼϣѪҺӿڶ̶˲䣬Ĺȫ


3662 Ԫ
Ĺ߾ȫٿܣֵԵĹ
ȻĹ󷨰ĹԲܵеùά켫֮ľԡ
ά켫ֻά켫֮Ҳά켫֮ǿ̫̫ˡߣʵ
ǿסԵڶ֮ĹӰһƿĹˣƿڴ˳ȥ
ܣһӰ˸׷ȥ
Ĺƺ׼
壬ڳĹ˲ͽһռڵ㡣ռڵ㣬ʹˡҲ˵ӦĹ׼һԼ֮·
ò˵ȷʵթھԵά켫֮ǰ¹ԪռʵǿĻԪۡ£׼һ֮·
ԣû뵽û뵽㡭֮á޲TĶ¹µĶ͸˰ɣܵάҲҪ⡣Ĺ⣬˵ģ
ĹӻԪͨڴ
һնǿƿԪͨڵ㡣һ̣ԽԪͨ׷Ĺ
޲TڼලСĳԱҲɳĹ˵ı飬ȽϸӡȻ벻Ĺ뾰ĽĽ
ûãִԪͨڳ
׷𣿡޲T̳ʾԡ
ҡͷ˵Ĺ׼ˡԪͨһˣڻԪ֮աҵһ˺ĹѲӰˣǽթ
Ĺ׼˻ԪͨǾͲӵóѾά켫֮ģмǿĿռ䱦ҲӳԵ׷١
ԪͨĹ
ˡ޲TҲЩʧ
绹ǻҵġ˵
˵仰󣬾Կ򸽽ලСԱ
cn¹ۡͻ᳤ĹӪеľͷ䣬ܵԵĿ⣬ͷһ
ĹˣǸô죿Ĺк·ȴûСǵӵõ¾ֻά켫֮ĻԪۣûĹҲ뾰Կ⡣
ڿʼҽ¹ϻԪǣʵ
û˷ԡ
Դۣ¹ϻԪ֮޲T
ҵȣԸӾԴۺ޲TӪеľͷҩ׽ľͷ䣬˵
ǶԸӾԴ֮cn¹۵ˣҲŴ˵
cn¹۵ֻϣԲǽб
ܺãԵͷԪ¹ϻԪҽңͬһΣҲϣңܹŽһģţ¹ϻԪܹסԪĹ
ǣ
ڣĹȿƹѺĹԱߣɳʹ
ĹߺĹĳԱǺǿĹжά켫֮ߺͽ϶ά켫֮ߡЩδãҪصľС
֮󣬾ִѶҩڣ˵һĹ飬ҪҩڶȫԪ棬֧ҩƿ¹ϻԪ
ҩڷ޲Tͬ棬֧־Դƿ¹ϻԪ
ţһƵĹ̬ȡ
ά켫֮ľԣƿ¹ϻԪΪԪ֮û
ǰ޲TֹĹƿ¹ϻԪĹʵҲܳΪԪ֮ģĹֻά켫֮ĻԪۡ
һʱ䣬¹ϻԪٶȻȻ
ı仯ȫ˻ԪЩߵߣڴʲô顣ΪʲôԴ۾ͻȻ¹ϻԪĻԪ֮
Ĺˣ
ԴۻĹ
ĹһԪͨˣ
ʲôԴǸά켫֮ļٵģ
Σ¹ϻԪµĻԪ֮ǣԴۣ
ڻԪռӿ

ۣcn¹ˡôŹˣ˽޲Tʱʵ
޲Tcn¹۵˵Ӱ̫ˡµӰԪռ䡣ǴòǻԪڿ»ϺܳܳʱȶǣԪ֣û̫ʱ䡣ҡҡͷ˵
޲T˵ͷ˵ȷʵˡֻϣܹķӴ֮
ǸΥԲٶǿĹѾ¹ϻԪߣҲ˼ˡЦЦ˵
ţ޲T˵ۣǻԪ֮ݣپҩڣЩס磬ٽһµľ
ԴҲпǣȷʵҪ½Ԫ֮ҩݣһǵõΣֱҩµѡܹ֮ǰԵͷ˵


3663 ּ
ԳΪ¹ϻԪĻԪ֮ƿ¹ϻԪ
ͬʱҩݣǰĹ֮ҩڵȻĻͥҩչֺ
ھ˵ĿǰΪҪ飬ΪĻԪս׼
ԪһάԪռ䣬иά켫֮ĻԪۡһԪռ䣬µľӣ¹ϻԪԣ뽫ȫ˼ڴ֮ϡ
˼ලС飬СڵĳԱλýһң޲TμලС鳤ԼҪ
Ԫάȼϵ밴չ̶ķݶԴ͵սֿⴢ档սֿ⣬Ҳ⹺սеƷҩڵɹɵҲȱ١

说ۣĸ˾ǰ
说ԭĹԱĹš֮ǰһֱ¹ϻԪĹ۲վĹǲ棬޲Tӹ˹۲վ说۵ҪҲ
ԼǵÊ说ۣһλԭ۲վͳ졣
ͳ죬ּˡԿŊ说˵
说̧ͷžԡ
иӡ
һμԵʱǵáʱԾܵ켫֮еܾȣΪרżĹϣ취ҩڲԡ
ȴû뵽ⲻ֮ĵڶμ棬ξͷ֮ı仯ڵľԣѹΪ¹ϻԪĻԪ֮Ҵﵽµĸά켫֮
ʱ򣬊说۲ɣһǲһþ
ո˵Ĺܣӳ¹ϻԪʱǲŵġֱ޲Tǰһʵֻǣ޷⣬ΪʲôǸоԵߣܹô͵ά켫֮
ۣ说۽һ
ͳ졣˵ĹѲڣʲô𣿡
ҵĹ£ͬ˵һ䡣
Ĺ˾ԴУΪĹһԱȻɴ۴á说˵
ҡͷϣûʲôСԣҲûд㡣
说ԡ
㻹ûоҪʲôҵһ顣磬ͼ޲Tɣ޲T¡Ȼ㲻¹ϻԪҲԷ뿪˵
˵说Щȣ¶ԥı顣
Ƭ̣˵Ҫʱ俼ǡ
ԣֻǶһ顣ˣԻȥˡԶԊ说Цŵ˵ͷ
ڊ说뿪󲻾ã޲TԵǰ
ۡ޲TԹ
˵ĿǰԪڵľƻȶսﱸɵĽšССҲܻӾ칬
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޲TȻüͷЩѹ˵ۣɳһЩʹǰάԪռ̫á
ЩάԪôӦģԾһĿʵ
ûȷ̬ȣеֱӾܾ¡޲Tҧҧ
޲Tȥһֱ¹ϴۣһЩάԪҲйٵĽӴԣܹϵάԪֻȻ⡣
Ԫʲôɣ¹ϻԪսԵ
뷢սҸɾǡҵǻɣĹѲ˸ϵĹԪʲôЭ顣¹ϻԪѾҷãԪҲδ¶Ҫ¹ϻԪ˼ͻȻ֮䣬ԪͶ¹ϻԪսܲ޲T
ţ˵ģҲǹĿһĹܿΪ˿¹ϻԪԪĴ£Ԫ˱Ϊ¹ϻԪĻԪ֮ȻҲͺˡԵͷ˵
޲TԪʵԱ¹ϻԪ߳٣תʵ
ҶԪ˽Խ١ǰϻڵʱҲûԪ̫Ľֻ֪Ԫλά켫֮ԪۡȻǸάеά޲Tż˵ԪҲһΪϵĻԪռ䣬ڻԪ֮ǰӦþѴڡ
Ԫѣüëһ
ԣԪѡۣǺܾúܾǰˡ޲T˿
ۣ֪źɣ޲Tʵ
֪ȥź򡣡Եͷ
ţ˵źγɣһλԪϴйءλϴڣŴۡԪ֮ǰŴ۵ĴڡŴۣͳȫԪĻԪռ͵򡣡޲Tٴһ


3664 ȷ
޲T˵԰ͷ
Խ֮أŴ۱ˡ޲T˵ĻԪѣȻָŴȫԪǿ߶ԿħͷڌI۵Ĵս
֮УǹϵʱڣԪгһµĴħͷħͷҪٵȫԪŴǿߣڌI۽һµսһս˲켫ǿߣŴ۱˶䡣ڣջǽڌIɱˡ޲T˵
ԪѺһЩԪռˣҲһЩԪռ䱣ԪǱĻԪռеһ޲T˵
ʱ뵽ŴۣҲ֪ŴǷ񻹻š
뿪֮صʱŴѵ;ƿݵʱŴԼҲ˵Ԫѵ˾ͷ
뵽ŴۣȻ뵽˺ڌIۡ뵽ڌIۣԵͷʱóҲ֪ڌIʵָˡ
ҲںڌIʵȫָ֮ǰά켫֮һУֽΪ𡣡һ̾
Ԫֻά켫֮ĻԪۣ¹ϻԪһսԳ޲T˵
¹ϻԪֻдһά켫֮ߡԪλά켫٣¡
޲Tһ£˵ڻϣάԪܹ£ֹԪ¹ϻԪս
Դۣһ£ǵþ⹫¹ϻԪάԪ֮СǰΪ¹ϻԪҷͨԪĻԪͨݻ٣Ϣݻ磬ܻ֪¹ϻԪڣµĸά켫֮ߡ
¹ϻԪάԪ֮УλǻӦߡάԪУ¹ϻԪҲӡ޲T˵
ţ˵ûڣҪָԪͨԵͷ˵

޻Ԫ
һάԪռ䡣
޻Ԫ¹ϻԪһƵĵ㡣Ǿǣ޻ԪҲһɵ˵ŷͬлԪĵ
޲Tɳʹո뿪޻Ԫ
¹ϴۻŵʱ޻ԪĽȽ϶ࡣ¹ϻԪ޻Ԫ֮ǰҲлԪͨ¹ϻԪǱߵĻԪͨڵ㱻ݻ٣޻ԪߵĻԪͨڡ
޲Tɳʹͨλ¹ϻԪһڵת޻ԪģʱϲõñȽ١
ʱ޻ԪĻԪ֮޴ڴ֮С
޴΢ü
¹ϻԪʹ˵֤Ԫ¹ϻԪսһ¡
ϣԪ¹ϻԪս¹ϴǰɱ֮ӡһ޴µĻԪ۳˵
ǰԪɡ¹ϴɱ۵ĶӣԪҪ𡣡޴۵ͷ˵
Ҫʵ
¹ϴۻŵʱҵѡ¹ϻԪѣʲôʵİ޴ҡͷ
ֻǡһЩˣҪ¹ϻԪݻٰ޴˵һ䣬ЩΡ
¹ϻԪôģ
ά֮µߣͲɱά켫֮¹ϴۡ¹ϴֵˣԿ϶ĸάԪռ䣬ҺܻܿǷǳǿĸάԪռ䡣
Ԫ¹ϻԪսЩ˵⡣
޴ҲģԼУܻܿ
ΪҪǣ¹ϴѾˡ¹ϴۻţԮ޴ۣҲó
¹ϴѾɣڵ¹ϻԪΪһάԪռ䡣¿¹ϻԪҲʣȽмֵˡ
¹ϻԪԪݻ٣ܻԪ֮֡һ޴³Ա˵
޴۳˼Ƭ̡
˺ܶࡣ
κһԪռ䣬άԪ޷ľ޴ֵҪ˵ˣ̫̫ˡԪõ˵Ҳ޷ռ޴˵
һȿɣǣάԪʲô̬ȡҲϣиάԪվΪ¹ϻԪ˵˵ʵҲϣ¹ϻԪôݻٵ޴̾һ˰˵

¹ϻԪ
ۣϢѾԪ֮⡣ֻΪԪͨڵδ޸ԴٶȱȽϻάԪõϢܻҪȽϳʱ䡣޲TԾ˵
šԵ˵ͷ˵
޲TԪ鱨ʵ
ԪľѾϣȷſܼ¹ϻԪ޲T
죬ڶõִ¹ϻԪʵ
ͨһЩԪͨתĻڣȷܽӽ¹ϻԪ޲Tü˵


3665 뽴
ʱ䣬һԪռ˵ָһ˲ѡ
ԪľţʱͳôҾִܹ¹ϻԪ
޲Tǲܽս¹ϻԪԳ˵
޲Tͷ˵ţԴҲпǡֻǣѵά켫֮¹ϻԪԪɻǴƵĵλǽս棬Ȼһǵʵ
ս棬¹ϻԪҪսսͶͳȥȷʵή¹ϻԪսǣս¹ϻԪڴս֮У¹ϻԪȻֱӵĹصˡ
޲Tһݴ¹ϻԪԪͼԪռлԪͨڵ򣬶ҪǳƺúҿԶ޲TԸ
Ȼά켫֮Ҫ˵¹ϻԪȻԪռϤԿ϶ԶԶ޲Tġ޲Tûٸ¹ϴ۳ȥ
ѣܿá޲TӦ
ʵ¹ϻԪڣһͼġҩ˵ҩӵеͼνΪ꾡˵άάĻԪռ䣬ܶάԪռλãҩͼ϶ҵλá
ֻǣҪһרҵͼԴ˴λԪսͼҪ޲Tһݡ

ڻԪ֮ԵҪ£¹ϻԪܿ޸˶ԪͨĽڵ㡣Ȼ޸ЩԪͨڵ㣬ҲǾϸѡġܲܣԪľֱͨԪͨ͵ִ¹ϻԪ
һЩԪͨڵ޸Ϻ¹ϻԪԪռϢǿ¹ϻԪܹٵִһЩԪռ䡣
һЩԪռڣھֵۣ֮һЩСάԪռڣࡣ
ԣ
δ˵֣ͻȻͳΪ¹ϻԪĻԪ֮ˣ
¹ϴ֮¹ϻԪҷԪռ䣬ƺԪڲĹѡԪ֮ҲӦλĹŶԡ
Դʲôˣ
ʲôһά켫֮ĻԪۣôܣ
ȫԪУά켫֮ĻԪ۾ôһЩ֣ҿɴδ˵
ԻĹĹӳ¹ϻԪ
άάԪռ䣬¹ϻԪڷ飬е𾪡
һЩάԪռ䣬ҲɳԱ¹ϻԪȷϢʵԡ
¹ϻԪ»Ԫ֮Դۣһλά켫֮Ԫۣô¹ϻԪҲ»صάԪռ֮ˡ
뽻Ԫ
һάԪռ䣬ǸάԪռǿĻԪռ֮һ
뽻ԪĻԪ֮һά켫֮ǿߡȫԪڣҲ֡
뽻ԪȫԪάȼԪ֮УЩ޴Ӱ죬żߵĻȨںܶϣ뽻ԪԶԪһϡ
磬һԪռάɴ뽻Ԫƿء
¹ϻԪάǴ뽻ԪϡȻҲʵ¹ϻԪֻһλά켫֮ߣ¹ϴۡ¹ϴɣ¹ϻԪûиά켫֮ߣȻҲ޷λиάԪ֮С
¹ϻԪµĻԪ֮Դۡ
Դһά켫֮ĻԪۣ£뽻ԪӦ¹ϻԪάԪռ֮С
ʵϣȫԪ֮УάԪռȫҲʮҡ
еĸάԪһϣνһĿȻһ۾ܿù
ϣ
¹ϻԪѾ֤¹ϻԪµĻԪ֮ȷʵǸά켫֮һά켫֮ߡһԪۣ뽻ԪĻԪ֮뽴˵
ţ
ȻˣǱ㽫¹ϻԪάԪռ񵥰ɡ뽴۵ͷ˵
ǣ
ϣ¹ϻԪǴ뽻Ԫǣ뽻Ԫ¹ϻԪԪ֮伴սϣ뽻ԪֹܹԪ¹ϻԪս
¹ϻԪΪԪûɶ䷢սһԪ۶Դ뽴
ɶԪѯʣ뽴ʵ
ѯԪ¹ϻԪս֮ǱǰԪ˽ԪĻԪ֮ԼɳԱ
ԪĻԪ֮ǣĶӣ¹ϴСҪ¹ϻԪԼԪһǻԪ۹˵
һ£˵֮ӣȷʵ¹ϴСǣ¹ϴѾˣ¹ϴ۱Ȼǲˡ
뽴۳·˼
յάԪռ乲ͬǩЭ飬иάԪռ䣬ͬսһϵĻԪ۳


3666 ʵ
άԪռ䣬ȷʵͬǩһݺƽЭ顣
ҪݣǸάԪռ֮䣬ǱҪ໥ս
Ԫ¹ϻԪҲǺƽЭǩ𷽡
ԪĻԪ֮Ϊһ߱¹ϻԪĻԪ֮֮ɱҪ¹ϻԪս㱻ɱ۵ĶӣԵǣǿϵĻԪۣ˵
ң¹ϴѾɣҲ¹ϻԪĻԪ֮ǻԪ۲һ
ɣԪĴսȷʵʣҲ׵ˣƽЭͲˡһ뽴Ա
ó뽻ԪĴ߲Ԫ¹ϻԪսһ£̬ƫ򷴶Եġ¹ϻԪάԪռ䣬ڸάԪ֮ڣǵǲܺƽЭԼڣ¹ϻԪάԪ֮ˡ
ţ˵е뽴˵ͷ
Ԫ䷢սɡ뽴
ǣ´Ӧ
֮¹ϻԪάԪ֮еϢԴ뽻Ԫռ䴫άȼĻԪռ䡣
ɴҲ֤һ£¹ϻԪ»Ԫ֮Դۣȷʵһά켫֮ĻԪۡ
ͬʱһ飬ҲӴ뽻Ԫ͵ԪС
Ԫ
ʱ䣬ԪҲڽΪŵ״̬ԪҪ¹ϻԪսȻҲҪĹսԴԹӦսеġ
Ԫ£ۺ֮£ص׼
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ϣ
¹ϻԪάԪ֮УܺƽЭ鱣뽻ԪҲ֮С۵ľʦ˵
תĿԼľʦ
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ȭͷ
Դ뽻ԪԪȷʵӲ
Ǵ뽻ԪⳡսԪȷʵ޷ǿзս۲һУԼĻԪռܵΪƲáңûеõǿзսǴ뽻ԪҲпֱӲ֣ɳά켫֮սа¹ϻԪԪ֡
ԣ۶Դ뽻Ԫ飬Ҵ⣬ⶪһԡ
ʦǷҵΪֵսɣʦʵ
ʦҡҡͷ˵ǰ¹ϻԪĽͲ࣬ԹҲࡣҵսɣס
ѵôˣ¹ϻԪսǻΪЦüЩĶ˶š
ϣ
ʱһ˽
¹ϻԪĹ
ţһ
˵
Ƭ̺Ĺǰ
Ĺ뾰Խ֣ܺԪͨ¹ϻԪٶȸԪգڵִ
ݼۡĹۣ
۰˰֣ɫ
Ĺ⣬ô£㲻˵ҩԣֻά켫֮ڣôͻȻ˸ά켫֮¹ϻԪ뽻ԪάԪ񵥣۳ʵ
ۣҲȫҵԤϡҲû뵽ǾԻ˶̵ʱڣά켫֮ĹЦЦ
룬һǵõ¹ϴµԴŵͻơĹ˵
ߣһ
ڣ뽻ԪѾͬǶ¹ϻԪսĹ⣬˵ô죡۶ĹĿɭȻ
ۣǾУżŷɵĵܵõֵԪ޷洦Ļ́ͷһۣ˵
ⲻ˵ңԪʲôɣ¹ϻԪս۲ͷ
ۣһµϢĹ
ʲôϢ۵˵
뿪¹ϻԪ֮ǰǾԽֹĹ˵ԣȫ¹ϴ۵Ĵɱ֪ϢûȫԪӦֻ¹ϴһ˻áôôմɱģӣֲ¹ϴ۵ĵӡ
Ϊ¹ϴһǱԺġԳΪ¹ϻԪĻԪ֮Ԥı顣СˣĹĿ׺ݵ⡣


3667 Ϸ
ĹԾԵĺ⣬ˮХ
ɥ֮Ȯ¹ϻԪӳǰݾ͡һֵ쾭ӪĹȻҲǲܼˡ
ԣܷŹκζԾչĻᡣ
ʵԺ޲TĲ²ⱾȷġԪ֮ͻȻ¹ϻԪսĹΪ¹ϻԪƿߣԪõŷ
ʱĹ˵¹ϴǱԾԲܵõ¹ϴ۵Ĵɱţ˵Եõ¹ϴµһءԿǱ֮еõĴɱ
ȻⶼҪҪǿ˵ȥġ
˼ǣɱ¹ϴۣõ¹ϴ۵ĴɱĿ
ԣһԣԱӣءˣܹΪ¹ϻԪĻԪۣ֪֮һλֱ˸еˡ룬ԸΪ¹ϴ۱㣬Դ¹ϻԪԪۣ۳֡Ĺ˵
Ŀ
˼ǣҵĿ꣬Ӷ¹ϻԪսΪ¹ϴ۸С˾ԣ΢
ѾĹе˼
ˣܹĹ̬ȼΪϿҡ
ã¹ϴ֮Ĺ¹ϻԪԵմ¹ϻԪҴӦˡ۵˵ͷ
лۡĹ˵
µˣһҲ졣
Ԫ¹ϻԪսֻΪ˴ﵽһЩĿģõҪĺôֻҪܹõʵ棬Ԫ˵¹ϻԪսǸԣҪ
ĹȥϢɣ۶Ĺ
һ֣лĹ뿪
λǶ̸һ̸Ĺ˵ģǷУۿˡ
ϣĹԣҾÿСֻһϵĻԪ۳˵Ǿԣһά켫֮ĻԪۣѾΪ¹ϻԪĻԪ֮Ҳ˵¹ϻԪд֧֡Ҫ¹ϻԪͬǲ׵顣
ҪԣҪԪţ¹ϻԪѹ⣬ȻҪõ뽻ԪĵͷϵĻԪۼ˵
ûҪǾԣϢдɡһ˵
ϣǲҪ¹ϻԪսֻҪ¹ϻԪǴãǿԲ¹ϻԪߡ֡ϣȻͲǻԪս˵
šãô죡صͷ

¹ϻԪԪ֮Ծ
ۡ޲Tǰ˵ͼˡ
޲Tһͼ
ã޲TˡԶ޲TЦЦ˵
޲Tһ򣬽ԡͼʹ洢֮ڡͼϣҪעľԪ¹ϻԪԼԪռ֮һ򡢴½ȵȡ
ۣϢӴ뽻Ԫ޲T˵
뽻Ԫ˫üһ̧
ҲѾ֪˴뽻ԪȫԪĵλ֪뽻ԪĿǰȫԪǿĻԪռ֮һ
ǣ޲T˵뽻ԪĿǰ̬ȣƫ򷴶Ԫ¹ϻԪս
뽻ԪΪԪ¹ϻԪսɲ֣ҪԪսɡԪô뽻ԪϿɵɣǴ뽻Ԫ㲻Ԫ¹ϻԪս޲T˵
΢΢һ
ô˵Ԫ㲻ܶ¹ϻԪսˣԵ
󣬾һüҡҡͷ˵Ԫ²׷һѰҰ취⡣ǵıսǲи
Լǡ¹ϻԪҪܹע̬ķչ޲Tͷ˵

뽻Ԫ
ϡ뽴һҪԱ뽴۹
Ԫ¹ϻԪսǴ뽻ԪҪԪ俪սɡԪ棬ѾµѶϢ˵
ŶԪԴ˴սʲôɣ뽴ʵ
Ԫ˵ԭ¹ϻԪ֮¹ϴۣ¹ϻԪԪ֮ԴС¹ϻԪĹѵԪԪԪΪ¹ϴ۸Դۡ˵
ţ뽴۱΢΢һ䣬¶Цݡ
Щ˼뽴˵
ԪѸĳսɣڲԪռĻԪսԪΪ¹ϴ۸ǾԴۡԪҲЦһϣλȷʵ˼֪УԪսƺǺ飬ľ͸ģ̫ϷһЩ


3668 ۸
Ԫ֮ǰ¹ϻԪսɣΪ¹ϴɱ֮ӣҪΪӱ𡣡
ڣҪΪɱԼӵ¹ϴ۱𡣡
λۣϷŪ𣿡뽴΢Ц˵
ˣ鶼
ϣǲ˶ôһ£Ҫ̫ˡ˵
뽴۳
ۣʱһ뽴ۼ
£뽴ʵ
Е׿ջԪ˵ۡ˵
׿ջԪ
һάĻԪռ䣬뽻Ԫһǵ֮ľްԻԪռ䡣
Ŷ룡뽴æ˵
Ƭ̺һԕ׿ջԪ߽
뽴ۣλ뽻ԪĵѡһòΪĻԪۣһϮǳɫۡ
ҹѡ뽴ЦԷ˵ͷ
ڵĴ뽴ˣҲԕ׿ջԪҹۻ
ҹͻȻҴ뽻Ԫк£뽴Цſѯʡ
ۣǷ֮ǰ뽻Ԫ㣬Эһ¡ҹۻ˵
뽴ۿҹۣȶԷ˵ȥ
¹ϻԪԭԪ֮һоԵɱ¹ϴۣҼһЩԨԴҼ֪º󣬷ǳѹеŭ
ڣҼ֪¹ϻԪĹǰԪΪ¹ϴ۸𡣶ԴˣҼϺο
ԣҼǰ뽴ۣϣ뽴ܹͨԪ롣ҹ˵
ҹ˵뽴Ŀһ⡣
Ƭ̺󣬴뽴˵¹ϴǱԴӦΪ¹ϴ۱𣬵ҲǿԡԪ⹥¹ϻԪ
ˡҹЦл뽴ۡ
ҼϣҲϣ¹ϴ۵¹ϻԪͿ̿ԣһǰ¹ϻԪල۵Ϊҹ˵
š뽴۵˵ͷ
󣬴뽴ۿڵһߡ
࣬ңλҹͬǰ¹ϻԪɡ뽴۶˵
뽴۹Ӧ
ҹۿһۣ΢ЦδԴ˵ʲô

Ԫ
ϡһԪۣҴߡ
Ӵ뽻ԪϢ뽻Ԫ棬ѾͬΪ¹ϴ۸ӾԡǻԪ˷ܵ˵
ţ
ãǳãվ
ȻԪţҪòܼϣʵ
ϣԪŵļѾβڣɼϡǻԪۻӦ˵
ܺãȷż̳ǰ¹ϻԪأǸӵ
ǣǻԪӦȥ
ԪȷųԪǰ¹ϻԪϢȫԪڣӰҲ
뽻ԪѾͨԪ롣
ԪȷŲ֮ǰѳ
˵¹ϴ¹ϻԪ»Ԫ֮С
⡭Ӧòİɣ
ĻǼٵģԪô˵ġң뽻ԪƺҲͬɣͲͨԪ롣
¹ϻԪǡ
¹ϻԪӦ£뽻ԪȷҪԪ⹥¹ϻԪֻ¹ϻԪ»Ԫ֮ԴۡλԴۣҪˡ
ǰԴȻά켫֮ǿߣԪλά켫֮ĻԪۡһжǾԴ۱ȻҪ군ң⾰Դƺ½ĸάԪۣʵ۵ȵȣֻ»бȽϴġ
¹ϻԪѾԴƿأԴӦòվһԪɣԴҲԪŵĻָΣ
Ͳ̫˵ˡ

ȫԪڶάȼԪռдߡάȼԪռ䣬ϢǱȽͨġЩάȵĻԪռ䣬ܾûʲôڸˡЩߵȼϢЩά߶ûеĻԪռ䣬ܸͲ֪Ҳû˻֪ЩϢ

ԪȷţƵ¹ϻԪ
ʱʹûԪͨٽӽ¹ϻԪԪֻͨܽӽ¹ϻԪֱӵִ¹ϻԪţ滹ҪϳʱС
Ԫȷų󲻾ã¹ϻԪҲ͵õϢ
Եľڿͼ޲Tͼ
ڣһĹ㣬ڿռ˸Ĺ㣬Ԫ¹ϻԪ
޲TվھԵԲԶ˫ü
֣ĵ˵¹ϻԪԪ֮һ㡣


3669 
ָ֮һЩѻΪƬ½
ǸطϹʱڹһǿʢĻԪռ䡣Ԫռ䱻󣬱һЩ½أƮãã֮С
λþ¹ϻԪԶ
ҪǣԪ¹ϻԪǱؾ֮·ƹƬҪķʱ䡣
ۣҲΪ˵ؿΪս޲Tžָĵط˵
ԪѲҪ¹ϻԪΪԷһǻǲԪľ̫ӽ¹ϻԪԻ˵
Լǡ޲T
޲T¹ϻԪľţҲóˡطߡԿ޲T˵Ԫȷŵִ˵أԽߡ
ס޲Tͷ˵Ժұһ֧Ԫųǰܷ档
ܷ棬ǾԷָĵص㡣
说۵ôˣ޲T
ǰ说Ԋ说˵Ը޲TҲ뿪¹ϻԪ说۵ʱĻӦǣҪһЩʱ俼ǡ
说Ѿ¡Ŀǰ޲Tڡ޲TԾ˵
ţǾͺáԵ˵ͷ

ҩܲ
ԳһЩʱ䣬صҩܲ
ҩλϺ߲Աۼھǰ
λˣԪȷţѴԪ¹ϻԪƽ
ҩڵЩҪԱڴ֮ǰҲ֪˴¡
ֵοǣԪѲٽ¹ϻԪĿꡣǵĿ꣬ҡЦЦ˵
Ԫ㣬˭ó¹ϴɵʱ򣬾㻹Ƭ켫֮ûдﵽ¹ϴۣά켫֮ĻԪۡ
벻ͨΪδ뽻ԪԪ˵ǡϷ߿˵
벢ҪǼٵģֻҪԸţǾ͵ġҡͷ
ŷɵĵջ̫̫˰ɡ˵һ䡣
ʵҲһеĸݣ¾ͼŷɵ
ֻԡһȻܹԪսõġҪԸңֻҪŹ¹ϻԪұһˣдд衣
ʵǿά켫֪֮жʱ䡣ңԪλά켫֮ĻԪۡ˵
ûϵ԰˰֡
ҩڵĵҩƣ˳ɣתʵ
ڵҩϣһж˳Ƴɵ󲿷ֶսֿⴢԾ˵
ҩڵɵսֿ⡣ȻҪսֿԴҩڹ
ǾͺãĿǰܰٷְȷԪսᷢս׼иЦŵ˵ͷ
˶Ӧǡ
ֽһЩϢҩڵϺλΪϸµĽһ顣ҩڲóţ˴ӦԪ֣ҩȻҪɳǰսҩɳԱɼս첢һ֧Ԫš
ھλصҩڵʱ¹ϻԪڣڶССҲɳָص㼯ᡣලСĳԱҲڻԪָ֮ĵصۼ

һɴڻԪпٴ¹ϻԪ
ɴϣֻߡ
ǣǴ뽻Ԫۺ͕׿ջԪҹۡˣάԪռ䡣
˴Ԫܹõ뽻ԪĳΪ׿ջԪĽ롣Ǖ׿ջԪɳҹ۵뽻Ԫı̬뽻ԪܾͲͨԪ롣
ѣҲ֪¹ϻԪԵһЩɣҹ۽̸
ҡҡͷ˵ҹѣ֣ҺİǰҶδ˵Դ۷·ͻȻðά켫֮ΪǴһҶλԴۣûʲô˽⡣
Ǻǡ̫ǫˡҹЦЦ˵λԴۿɲһ㣬ά켫֮ߣһǿɵʦһˣɵĵ
ȷʵ˵һЩ˵Դ۵õҩʦԢҩµıأѧͼŷɵ֮Щ벻ŷؼյһ졣۵˵ͷֶҹ¶һЦ˵
ǰˣдˣҲզࡣֻǣ¹ϴۡȻúõʶһҹһ˿ۡ
ǳһ¡
ЩǸ˶֪ǹ


3670 ӭ
׿ջԪҹ۲Ϊ¹ϴھУȴ˵
ֻţҲûзҹ۵Щ
ҹѣѾˡ˵
ţ˷ɳɴ
յλãܹǰһӴĻԪռ䡣Ԫռ䣬Ѿƿص¹ϻԪ
ҹۣӴ뽻Ԫ¹ϻԪҪͨԪռ֮ĻԪͨ
뽻Ԫ¹ϻԪĻԪͨѾͨ
¹ϻԪߵĻԪͨڵ㣬¹ϻԪ֮⡣Ϊ¹ϻԪĻԪ֮ãȡִʩҲΪףһʲô¼Ҳиء
ԣ¹ϻԪĻԪͨ½ڵ㣬ڻԪռ֮⡣
ȻЩµĽڵ㣬¹ϻԪԶ
˾ȴӻԪͨȻųɴִ¹ϻԪ
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ҪԽǼٵģҪŷġ
׿ջԪԪ¹ϻԪһ£ԭʵܼ򵥣Ϊ˸¹ϻԪԼʩѹ


3671 
Ϊ׿ջԪĽ룬Դ뽻ԪͨԪ¹ϻԪĳ롣
뽴ۻ۸ŕ׿ջԪҹһͬǰ¹ϻԪһϿ뽻Ԫ׿ջԪ֮ĹϵȻҲиԡ
ҹ۶Ծ˵ЩʱһֱЦûв廰
Դڕ׿ջԪİȫҲͬԵõԵıϡҹֲһ䡣
ڕ׿ջԪܹѪеĽԴ׿ջԪ֮ڣĽֱӶ֣ǣʵ̫󣬕׿ջԪĕ׿մҲкܶ˼ɡ
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ҹѣҲŕ׿ջԪңȻŕ׿ջԪǣʱһǲ뿪¹ϻԪҲ֪¹ϴ֮¹ϻԪڵľһֱǶġڣ΢ȹ̡ʱΪԪ֮뿪Ԫռ䣬ǿܵ¹ϻԪٴ뵽֮Сҡҡͷ
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ܺáҹ۵ͷЦ˵Ȼˣʱ¹ϻԪ߰ɣҲֹһԪ¹ϻԪ
лҹѣлѡ˹ֵ
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λҹ˵¹ϴǰǕ׿մн飬ҲǼٵġ˸¹ϴۺܾã֪¹ϴ׿մʲôǕ׿մĶ¹ϴһôģΪôʱ޶һ޲TĻԪҲ˵
뽻ԪͨԪĳ룬׿ջԪĽ΢룬Ҳ֪ԭ򡣕׿ջԪ޷ǾõŷĵҪȥ׿ջԪҲ̫һЩЦһ˵
ϣкܶάԪڴŷ⡣Щĵ˵
ţҲԤ֮С޷ģֻҪ¹ϻԪչֳ㹻ʵȻǴ⡣Ŀǰ뽻ԪǹԵͷ۾˵

޲Tһ֧¹ϻԪţʮ󣬵ִ˻ܷ档
ܷ¹ϻԪȷʵԶ
Ʒʽϸߵɴʮʱ䣬޲T˱ִ˴˴
ԪȷҪִﻷܷ棬Ҫһٶʱ䡣
ִﻷܷ޲TһǽԪͨڵ㣬ӻܷ浽¹ϻԪĻԪͨڶǹ¡


3672 
ܷ浽¹ϻԪĻԪͨһͨ¹ϻԪ߱ʹûԪֱͨӵִﻷܷ档
ܷ棬Ǿ׼ս
ȻԪ¹ϻԪĴսܲᷢԺ¹ϻԪҪ׼һ򣬾һ
һԪȻǲΥ뽻Ԫ־Е׿ջԪǿĸάԪռڱ֣ǽ˵

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鱨ʾǳһƬԴѷĻƧ֮ء˵֮·˳Ծ
ȥź򣬽֮ء
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ά켫֮ߡ⾰ԣȻ޷۶ԿĽԻᱻ¡Щ鷳ʱһҪȥԪһˡ۽ԣ֪Ҫٴۡ
֮Уԕ׿ջԪҹۣ
ҹҡҡͷ˵ŰɣȻ޷þȥ׿ջԪǾֻܵȵУҪˡ
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Ӧҹǰ׿ջԪҲֹֻҹߡڣܾҹۡۿһЦ
ֻǣ֪Ӧۡڶʱֱ¹ϻԪľŶԪŷĻԪռĻԪս޷ˡҡҡͷ

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ΪʱĹϵǱĬȻܡЧԲôʱ䣬ȻˡͼŷǾܹóֱЧ档
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ۣԪ齨֧ţѴԪ֧ţԪȷţֻš
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Ϲˣϡô죿ΪԵǡ
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Ȼô˵ϵɫȴδмᡣ
ۣʱһ޲TԱ˽
ոյõ鱨޻Ԫ޴۵ãʱѵ¹ϻԪ⡣λ޲T߹ĶԾ˵
Ŷ޻ԪĻԪ֮޴ۣĿһ
ǣ޴ۣոմӻԪͨλóԪͨڵϢ˵޴ѽӽ¹ϻԪ˵
ϣ֮ǰ޴Ԯ޴۲δӦֹԪڣ޴ֺȻ¹ϻԪϿžü˵
¹ϴǰ޴۹ϵܺá޲T˵
ţȥӭ޴ۡԵͷЦ


3673 ǰ
޴ǸάԪռ޻Ԫˣݵλͬһ㡣
ң޻ԪڻлԪĵ֮һ˵˵޻ԪڸάԪռ֮Ҳžصĵλ
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һº󣬾¹ϻԪ齨ĶŴǰû˵ʲôҲû˵ʲôʿĻֻڴǰվһᣬȻüųų


3674 Э
ʹûԪͨͣҪ
ߴͣĵʯܾˡһάԪռ˵ܹܵġ
ھԺͼλų£¹ϻԪųԪռ䣬¹ϻԪ֮ĻԪͨڵ㣬ʹûԪͨ͵ִﻷܷ档
Ԫ֮άԪռĴʹûԪͨǰܷ档
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޷ԪռԱΪ¹ϻԪΪԶսġ۰˰˵

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ʦڣĿģ޷Ҳͼŷҿ޴۵ͣһսӦǲᷢˡһԪ֮۾˵
ҲһҪ۰֣ǾԴ۶ҪĴۡԴۣδԸ⸶̫Ĵ»Ͼš
ԴǴˡֻܹһĴۣͿԭ·ء룬Դۻѡ񸶳һ۵ġԪģԴ۵ʧܾͲһЩҩˣʧȥһϵĻԪۣ˵
άԪĴʱҲһ
ܹõԼҪģ޴ҲܵõԼҪġǡϴŲõı顣
ǴһԪռ䣬¹ϻԪ޷ҲΪ档ʲôòǰװһˣ˷Ѳٵʱ䡣
ЩˣȻװ׵һˡ
Ҳûа취ܲܲ޴۵Ͱɣ˵޴ۣɲǡ
֪뽻Ԫ͕׿ջԪʲô̬ȡ˵ô뽻ԪͨԪģǕ׿ջԪ׿ջԪ¹ϻԪԪͽ𣿡ü
׿ջԪҹۣһֱûб̬ǣҲŪôġ
ٵȵȿɣ׿ջԪûеõôҲֻˣ
⼸άԪĴһ󣬾ſ޴۵ĵͽ
޴۶ԴµͳɹǾͽʵǻҲܹ뾰Դ˽̸̸¹ϻԪλԪ֮УͼŷӦҲ̫ѵ顣ȷģӦþֻܹٵ⡣

ܷ棬мλĳ
Ժ޴ˣһִԼص㡣
ԼĪһʱ䣬۲١
޴ۣ޴۹˹֡
Ŀ⿴ԣһλǾԴ۰ɣ
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¹ϻԪĹǰԪϣܹΪ¹ϴ۸׿ڶ˵¹ϴھԴ֮֡


3675 ̰
Ҫˡ
һڣͽһڳصĴھԵͷϡ
Ĺ˽ġ֪ھԴ۵¹ϻԪ֮ǰĹ¹ϻԪĹߣ¹ϻԪòۼ˵
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3676 ǿӲľԴ
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3677 ʶ
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۵쳹ڻܷ档Ԫ¹ϻԪҲ¹ϻԪУкܶɫԵı仯ܶ˵񣬶Ԫ֮ԡ


3678 ࿹
ƿ¹ϻԪʱϾܶݣ¹ϻԪͳԻһǷȱ
ԪʵԱ¹ϻԪǿܶĻԪռʱ¹ϻԪһЩ߲Ϊ˾»Ԫ֮Ҳ
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3679 ս
¹ϻԪԪ֮ԴۣԪԪۣ֮Զ˽ĿӶԷ
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3680 նɱ
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¹ϻԪߣ޲TϵȵԱͬһµı顣
ǸͲ֪ǵĻԪ֮ԴۣȻɱۡΪԼĻԪ֮۵Ķ֣˶սԴۻᱻץסǺܶʵ룬ȾԴ۲ʱǲҪȥս
ȻƺûгȥսĻˡ
άԪĴУʶʿˮ
Դ۵ʵǿɱ۵ĵز𣿡һάԪ֮ɬĵ


3681 Ϲ
ȫԪڣάԪ࣬ά켫֮ߣҲ׾ù
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Щϵά켫֪֮УȻά켫֮ǻǻãһˡˣȻάǿȡ
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ǻ⳥¹ϻԪΪԪɵʧǸĹҲύ¹ϻԪáϹæ˵
¹ϻԪʧԴȽϾ޴󡣡Ե
Դ۷ģ¹ϻԪеʧԪ⳥λϣԺ¹ϻԪԪܹѺദϹ¶Ц˵
Գŵͷ
תĿۡҹ۵ˡ
λѣѾϹ۴Ԫ¹ϻԪ˺ƽЭ顣λ֤ԪĹ¹ϻԪ⳥¹ϻԪΪԪսɵһʧԪôһкԪе˵
ҹ۳Ĭ
ǵͷ˵£һ뽴۱
л۹˹ֵл
ԴۣҿԪŻȥ˰ɣϹžԣϵЦݣЩֺõζ
Ϲ㡣˵
õ˾Ե֮ϹۻԪߵ̷Ԫ
ԪţϹۣǱ뿪
ԪľţȻ۵ġУ϶ҲвҪɱΪ۱𡣵ǣ뷨תΪʵж
̫죬Դʵ̫ǿټϣԪŵά켫֮ԪϹˣЩʵΪСߣʲôֻȸϹ۷ء
Ԫľߺ󣬾Ҳ¹ϻԪľͨԪͨ¹ϻԪ
λ¹ϻԪĹ͡ڣ¹ϻԪԪսѾɢλͬ¹ϻԪҾһ֮ꡣֶЩάԪ


3682 Ԫ
ЩάԪĴ˕׿ջԪҹû澰Ի¹ϻԪ˾Զٴν¹ϻԪ
ҹͨ¹ϻԪĻԪͨڵֱӴ뿪¹ϻԪҪȥ׿մ¹ϻԪԪ֮顣
¹ϻԪڣ۵ˡ
Դ۵ʵ˾̾ϯϣ޴۾Ʊ˵
ǣȫԪά켫֮ߣºҳ뾰ԴƥеġһάԪӿ˵
ʵ˵ά켫֮Уû뾰ԴƥСǵô˵ܻˣԲŸĿ˵ҳ뾰Դƥеߡ
Խɱ̬նɱۣǵӡίʵ̫ˡ۵ʵά켫֮ǽǿġ
Դ۵깥ҸоͬѰ񷣬Դ۵깥Ӱ죬һδ֮ǿ깥˵
ǰǶ깥ֶЩмģΪֻǵСԸʵϵ͵߿ԿɱˣǶʵǿ߾ûʲôôֱǼʩչ깥ǵ뷨ŷı䡣
λˣֶΣ㲻ʲôЦ˵
Դǫˡ
¹ϻԪɾԴƿأδȻܹԽ
ǱȻԴ۲ΪǿޱȣڵϵΪڡ
ЩάԪڴԡ޻Ԫ޴ֺۣþԡ
ΪѾʶҪֶͨδӾлȡŷϣڣܹŷҲǲջǼŷŷ񼴱ڴ뽻ԪİάԪռҲҲˡ
λҾһԾٱ˾ơ

¹ϻԪԴۣնɱԪԪ֮۵ϢܿڸԪ
۱ɱϢˣʱ򲢲šܶˣһЩάĻԪռ䣬֪Դ˭
Դۣ˭
¹ϻԪĻԪ֮
¹ϻԪĻԪ֮¹ϴۣʧٺܾãԪռ䲻ҷ𣿡
Ϣ̫ͺˣ¹ϻԪѾ״̬Դ¹ϻԪĻԪ֮
Ŷǰû˵Դۣ֡뾰Դ۽֡

£Ӱʵ̫ˡάԪôһЩһάԪԪ֮䣬ȫԪԣһЩάԪάԪ֪¡
֣ҲȫԪ
ܹɱ۵ĻԪۣǻԪ뢡
ô˵¹ϻԪǳ˽ڰάԪĻԪռ䣿
ˣ¹ϴۻŵʱ¹ϻԪûдﵽĸ߶ȡ

Ԫ
Ԫռ䣬һάԪռ䣬¹ϻԪԶ㲻ʹûԪͨɴ·Ԫ¹ϻԪҲֻҪǧʱ䡣
ť˱Ըϳ˽ǵ¹ϻԪܾ룬ťڶťҳԱԪȻһ·˲ˣվǵִԪԪ
ΪԪάȻԪ켫֮ĻԪۡԣť˵Ԫµ͵࣬˽򰲷ֺܶࡣ
ťʵ֣ӽһά켫ĻԪ۶Կһť棬ԪҲΪõӡ
ť棬ģǱ
ťҵĳˣȻǾԡ
ť棬Ҫʹȥ˽ɱԡĿǰΪֹǶһֱΪ׼ǺԼʵҾԱѶȺܴǿ۳ֵĻɱԾǺܼ򵥵顣
һգťҴҴصťլԺ
磡ťǽ֮ɫֹסķ
ôˣťüť档
磬ټԱǣ뿪Ԫť١
ô£ťվ
ԪúúõģΪҪ뿪
ۣºܿͻť֡ť˵
۶֣Ϊʲôť˫ü
۶ťһֱӣԵ޹ʣΪʲôҪť֡
ΪԣΪǸԣťһ
ô£ѵǸԣԪԪڣťɻťʵ
ûԪԪĻԪ֮۱ɱˣ۰ԸɱˡϢѾԪ磬Ҹո˵Ϣ̻ˡť˿˵
ԪάԪռ䣿ۣǸά켫֮ǿߣ߸ϵɱ˽Ǹɱťң˵ʲô軰ťԲ۾ȵ


3683 һ
ť浱궨˽֮ǰȫԪһ
֪һЩάȻԪ˽ٲάȻԪť¹ϻԪӴҲԭ򡣶ԪΪȫԪΪĸάԪռ䣬ťȻ֪ġ
ԪĻԪۣ֮ťԣǾƽеĵǸ߸ϵĴڡ
Ŀֲڣ䣿ھУ
ťť˵ϢһӦťˡ
뿪˽֮ǰԶ½أҲ뾰Խֹ֪Ѿ켫֮ɾ켫Ⱦȣ
磬ģϢģǧȷԪԪ֮ȷʵھСǸľԣ¹ϻԪĻԪ֮ť
㡭˵ġʶľԣ¹ϻԪԪ֮ťӼҪɳ

磬ǸϽߣˣť˵ʱʶ˿
ʱťѾť˼
ťˣǰֹһᵽ˽ҲᵽԡťҪ۱ѩޣȻٲһ˵Իۣ֪ť뾰Եìܡ
ڣԳΪ¹ϻԪĻԪ֮ʵǿᵽɱά켫֮ǿۡ۵֪Ϣ󣬻ôķӦ
ԪֻһάԪռ䡣ۣҲֻһά켫֮ߡ
¹ϻԪԪǱ΢ĴڡۣҪ뾰Դ۶ԿҲûʸ뾰Դ۶Կ
ټڣ죡ť֮ѹ۾캰

ʥ
ԪԪ֮۵ľ
ۣոսӵһȫԪݵѶϢеż㣬۳
ǰµĻԪۣ鶼ЩŹ֡
ϣԪĻᡣһԪ̲סٴγ˵˵ҲܹǷίʵť̫ɶȺ˶ҪԪȥԸԴۡ
ťˣһԪصͷ˵
ԴĴڣܹǵģ
ϣɣť뾰Դгǽť½Դ۴Դۣܹ֪Ԫ֪۰ɣһһά켫֮ĻԪۣ۽顣
ťˣȷʵﲻˡ
̽ťռѺҪԽ͵ԴУ¹ϻԪԪ֮Դǡ˿
ǣӦ
ʥһһά켫֮ߴʵǿĻԪ۳ͬʱһ۵Ҳ֮Ԫʱķ״̬ڷ֮ǰκ˶뿪Ԫ
أ
粻˵ǻϵ𣿡
ѵû
ԣߣûҸѶҲӦ
ٵȵȣǱ鵢ˡ
ťҵļλ棬żڶߵִһϵ㡣ԭҪťϹͬ뿪ԪġȻǵִ˴ȴδ뿪ťլԺť档
ٵˡٲߣױҪˡť˵
Уǲܶ´硣ťҡͷ˵
ӣ
ʱһţ֮УһӰ١ˣһά켫֮¾ۡ
¾۽٣ťֻȫһ⼸˱ϾҲǼ˵ġ
¾ۣǣťǰ¾۹˹ʵ
ťңťҵ·ˡҵǰȾѺ¹ϻԪԪ֮Դ۷䡣¾ۻгǹťȵ
¾ۣǷʲôУťӲͷƤʵ
ǷʲôУǲ֪𣿡
ťҡťťť죬̫ʧˡôǣǾȻϰػġǣǸ¾ŭ˵
еͨͨ£¾ʵʥѾִ¾۶
ǣӦ
¾ۣǵ״ԪЩɷҪץǣҲ֪ɣťʵȴڹ۲ܡ
ť֡
ǵĴťҲ֣¾ƴɱһ󣬲һЩߡ
ťңδԪɷǾԴ۵ķˡ
ťңҲҪʱˡҿԸ㣬ťѾӳԪûһ𡣡¾ٴλӶгǹʥȣť˳ȥ


3684 ¼ҹ
ʥľӢӣȻťܹġ
ťĸť棬¾ԳƷ켫֮ĻԪۣԸʮԪͨԪֵۣ顣
οť˻ťǶߴˡ
ĸ˴żڶӵܣť棬ǵĴťȴһˡ
սúܿ죬ƺŸոտʼѾ
ťӵɱһС֣󲿷ַֿ
ťˣˣȥʥϡ¾Ѻťҵĸť棬ʥ
ʱԪ֮⣬ťɫӵĿģԪ
ˣ
ȫˣťзͳ
ť˵ԳΪ¹ϻԪĻԪ֮ɱԪۺ֪̾ťһ군ˡ
ťӵܣüۣߵʱ䡣
ԣʱť漯ϼӵܣԼȴһһԪȻոճԪԪѷĶ΢ôһ㣬ҲԪ֮ڡ
ôᣬǾôͳɸάԪˣť벻ס
ʵť뿪˽ʱ䲢ʱ䣬ťҼΪϾԭ̤˵켫֮һԪǶûܶաǣȴһһά켫֮ߣά켫֮
ô죿Ҹô죿ȥأťкܻš

ʥ
ϣťťˣ˾Աץء¾
ťˣü
ťťڣһˡǷԪռ֮ǰӳԪ¾۵ͷ˵
ˡӳ˻Ԫռ䣬׷ѡ棬̫ˡ۰˰֡
Ȼťߺܿϧ˶ץסĽҲǲܽܡ
ťˣվڵУԵήҡ
ۿťҵһۡ
¾㽫ĸˣԼťڣѺ͡ˣ»Դɣ˵
۱Ҫ¾۽ťѺ͵¹ϻԪԴ۴һ£Լȥ±ȽϺáлԴ۵档
㲻ֱӻʲôôҲھԴǰ¶¶˵Դ۾ܼסأ
Ӣ
ȥ¹ϻԪťҵЩ˽ԴۣչֳԪĳ⡣
Ԫ¹ϻԪԶϧ¹ϻԪûнԪͨ͸ˡ
¼Ԫۣ׷׿˵
Ǿ׼һ£ձĿоһ˵
ǰ¹ϻԪЩȲˡ뵽ܹλԴۣҲƽ
ԴȻʱ䲻ȫԪڣǾԵľ֮һʵܹά켫֮ˡȫԪڣά켫֮ĻԪҲôѡ

׿ջԪ
ҹۣ¹ϻԪص˕׿ջԪ׿մǰ
ϡҹ׿մۼ
׿մ۰˰˵Ѿ֪ˡû뵽Եʵ֮ǿ۶Ķ֡ǸϹ⣬Ǳ˵
ǰ޷һոյά켫ߣȻǿôࡣҹ̾һ˵
Ǳһɱģ׿մۿҹʵ
ϣǾԵḶֹ̌ȷʵǳĶݡ䲻ɱҲӽˡ
ǳ̽Σʹ깥۵ܵӰʱʩչǿɱУһ۸նɱˡҹü˵
뾰Ժ۵ɱ̣Ǿù졣
ô˵⾰յ깥ͬСɣ׿մ۵
ţȷʵǿܷǳˡʩչ깥άԪ۶ܵ˷ǳԵӰ졣ҹ۵˵ͷ
׿մ۳ŵ˵ͷ
ϣյͼŷĿǰǿԻˡҹ˵뽻ԪĲҪŷ𣿼ŷǻԪĵ֮ס
Ǻǣû˲Ҫŷ뽴ۣһҪŷǣҪά켫ŷߵάԲ켫ļʡ׿մЦһϼһֻǱǸΪְˣһֱԻԪԾӣ
ŷӦֻĳһԪֻĳһˡʲô취þԽŷĵҹ˵
һһᣬȥ뽴̸̸¡׿մ۵˵ͷ


3685 
¹ϻԪ
뽻ԪԼάԪ½뿪Ԫռ䡣УвֻԪ֮ǰԴ۸ǵʱҲҪ¹ϻԪͼŷԸ
ǶԼŷЩάԪĹΪǿҡ
Щ򣬾ԵûֱӾֻܾ˵ŷǳѣҪ亱ϣҪʱ䡣ЩˣԼᾡʱɵһһĴͻὫɵǵĻԪռ䡣
ЩάԪĴԵл
޻ԪĻԪ֮޴ۣһ뿪¹ϻԪġ
뿪¹ϻԪ֮ǰͬԴۣԵ
Դۣ¹ϻԪĴ֮£ܹǿʢҲţ¹ϴȪ֪Ҳһеο޴۶ԾԳϿҵ˵
޴۷ģҼ¹ϻԪĻԪ֮ƿԪǱضŬԪռøΪǿ󡣡˻Ӧ޴ۡ
ţܺã޴۵˵ͷ˿˵֪Դ۵ʵ֮ǿҲͲúƤȥˡ
ʵҲ񷽻̸֡ͨзʽ⣬õġϧ񷲢ûг⡣޴Ϊ¹ϻԪķһǵõġЦЦ˵
һС¶ѣԴ۲عһ޴Цһ˵
ԴۣҾ͸ˡ޻ԪǱߣвٵҪԴԲܼ¹ϻԪˡ޴˵
޴ҪæҾͲǿˡţ㡣Եͷ
޴֮󣬾Եɫ޴۵ĿȻǱϵġ޴۴һʼĻ̥Ҳȫ
֮޻ԪԵѡ

һʱ
һգ޲T¹ϻԪڵľͷͬԪ֮ԡ
Կ޲T˳֣ҲǸеЩ⡣Ϊûʲô鷢Ҳûټ޲Tˡ
ϣ޲TˣͬԼ
޲TԾԵĳƺԼھɱ֮ıġǰ޲TֻǳƾΪۣͷ϶ƾΪϡ
ƺԵҲû⡣޲TôУԡοж޲TǷǳмģ޲T¹ϴµز͸޷ά켫֮
ʲôˣüʵ
ôԪͷһͬǰԺȻľ룬ַʲô¡
ϣһ£һΪӦһ顣޲Tɫ˵
ˣҲԹ˹ʾ֧޲T˵ġ
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ǶΪ¹ϻԪ֣Ӧøһˡ޲T
޲T˵ǶΪʡһͷ
¹ϻԪ֣ȷʵӦøˡ¹ϴѾãԪռµĻԪ֮
ϣ飬¹ϻԪΪԻԪ޲T˵
΢˵˽оԻԪǽ¹ϻԪҲΪԻԪ᲻Щʣ
ϷģûʲôʵġȫԪڣһλԪ֮ͳԪҲǺ顣޲T˵
޲TǴУϣԪԿ޲Tʵ
޲Tһֱҳ¹ϴۣ¹ϴ޲TҲһֱ¹ϻԪУҲ뽫Ԫռ²ǿ޲TӰ޴ߣԱ뿼ǵĸܡ
ϣ޲TڡĸԸ߾ȫܵĸ㡣޲TҲϣܹԪռ¼ԪĴš޲T˵
ã¹ϻԪΪԻԪԽһã˵
ϣԺ󣬱㽫Ϣ뽻Ԫ޲T
άȼĻԪռ䣬ǲֵġҪģҲ뽻Ԫ걨õ˴뽻Ԫ׼Ԫֲʽġ
ԡԵ
޲T뽻Ԫ¹ϻԪһ¡֮⣬ԪڵҲûʲôر鷢Ծܹʱ䣬ƵҩͼԪ
ת˲ǧʱȥ
һգԪռ֮⣬һɴִ
说ۣסɴ
ûĻԪռΧɊ说۸ֻǊ说۵ݣѴĹ±޲T¡
ԪռѾ״̬Ҳκ˶ܽġԪߣҪԪռ䣬Ҫõˡ
说סɴ󣬴ɴϣߡΪһˣԪĻԪ֮ۡ
ͳ죬Ԫۡ说۹˹˵ʶ说۵ġ
ۣǣ说ʵ
Դۡæ˵
ۣԴ۷ǳæµ޷ʱ㡣ûرҪ飬޷Ϊͨ说ҡҡͷ˵
ͳ죬˴ˣΪԴ۴ťˡȺԴ۴Ƭ˽ȥťˡ˵
۵Ļ说΢΢һ
ťˣȻ֪
һμť˵ʱť˸ԭҩ۲˽֮ڡڶμť˵ʱť˸˽һоԵܹ
뵽£说бŭ⡣
ť˵˽ľԴۻĹͲ֪ͨҩڣҩڽԴץ¹ϻԪԴ۲¹ϻԪҲͲᷢЩ顣
ڵĊ说ۣҲ̸Ϻʲôֻǣťˣоͷǳ
ťˣѺڊ说۳Ĭʱ۶µ
ťڣɴϱѺ˳
ťҵˣήˣøӲϡ
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说ۣťťˣûסЩΡ
ťؼˣȷʵвһ¡
ţ֪ˡۣڴ˵ȺȥϾԴۡ说۶˵
õģ͊ͳˡæֺõ˵
ʥ
ϡ说ǰ
ͳ죬𣿡ԿŊ说ʵ
Ԫ۵Ҫϡťˡ说
Ŷ
ťȺˣܵԪ΢΢һ
ԪԪռ䣬Ҳ֪ģϾ¹ϻԪԶ
ǵģѾťѺ͵ǻԪռ֮⡣ûťס˵ťǰһˡ说˵
ţԵ˵ͷ
֪۵˼ۣ޷Ǿ֪ťгԹԽťץֺԴۡ
˵ʵľԣԱťȺûʲôȤťˣһﵽ켫֮ĶûУʵûʲô˼
ťǼ滹йؼĸ߲Աֱɱ˰ɣʣµˣȫš󣬶Ԋ说
ȥťˡ
ס说۵ͷӦ
ۣҪҪ说̧ͷĿžʵ
ǺΪ£ҲǲסˣԪɡԵ
ǣ说Ӧȥ
һ£Խס˼뿪Ċ说ۡ
说תԡ
һЩҩȥðɡԶ说ƿ
说۽ӹƿ
лʹ͡说۽ӹƿԹл뿪˴
뿪󣬊说۲Ŵƿ˿ĵҩ˫ĿʱЩʪ
Ԫĵ֮һ
Դۣ诡

ڻԪۣЩЩûʧ
ڴԴܹʮֵľԴ۸ټԴǲҲֻԭ·ԼĻԪռ䡣ڸά켫֮ǿ߾ԴǰֵʸǶûС
ĵȴУ说Ӱٴγǰ
ۣť˽ҾͿˡ说۰ڰ˵
说µӣǽťڽӹ˹
ЦǲѯԼܼܲԴۡ
ť˱ӹܹȥԽԽԴۣǲټάԪĻԪ֮ˡ
ۣ߰ɣϾԴۣԼ㡣说ֶ˵

ʲôŴͣƺЩš
ллллԴۣллͳ졣üЦտ˵
߰ɣ说ְڶһֱۡ
说۴۽¹ϻԪʥ
۽ʥ̧ͷͷڊ说ܸоǰϷһ΢Ϣв²һǾԴۡ
ѡ΢Ц
ݼԴۣԵæϥ¹
⣬ǴˡڻԪУй龰ࡣۣϾҲǶά켫ǿ߰
۲ضңܸлܹЩﷸť͹Ц˵
ԴۣӦġܴվԹ˵


3686 ԵĽ
Ҫõʲôʵ
仰̧ͷʱĿԱ仯һ¡Դ۵òеЩͬǱʶУԴӦһλͷ۵Ŀ຺ӡ
СĵĿ˾һۺѸٵͷ
ԴۣťԪʱҲ֪뾰Դгťʵףҽǡ˺ǾȻʼ뾰Դ۶ԿһЩƲߣ׳ťҵܣǾȻǵӾԴ۵ˡԣ̽Ѻ͵¹ϻԪԴ۴áۻ˵
˵ģȻȫʵʵ֪ť뾰г֮ԾťҶ֣Ϊ֪ԴɱԪۡ
ť͹ҲҪ¹ϻԪ;ԴеõʲôôҾãԼֻһӦ顣ۼ˵
ţ֪ˡԵ˵ͷ
Ȼʲôȴֶء
ɣ¹ϻԪԪ֮䣬һԪͨһԺԪҪһЩϵ¹ϻԪͻ᷽ܶࡣ
⡭Զһ£ϷжƿŵҩǸ˵Ľ
Խеƿۡ
۽ӹƿһʱϲüҡ
лԴۣлԴ۵ʹͣ˵
ţôͻԪȥɡԵ
ǣԴۣҾȸˡ˵仰Сĵ˳ȥ

ֹһʱ䣬Ԫһ֧Ŷӵִ¹ϻԪ
Ԫ֧ŶӣĹԼ⳥¹ϻԪԴ֮˽ϳʱ䣬ΪԪռ⳥ԴһЩ磬̸һʱ䡣⳥ԴȷԪϹۣ˽ĹԴһͬ͵¹ϻԪ
ԲδԼԪʹţֻ޲T¡
ϣĹδã޲Tʾԡ
ȹŰɣֱɱ̫ˡЦЦ˵
Բ̴Ĺ
ǣ޲TӦ
ϣһ顣ţӴ뽻ԪѶϢǹڻԪռһ¡޲Tת˵
뽻Ԫô˵ģʵ
뽻Ԫ˼ǣԪռǴ£ܲʡǣҪǰ뽻Ԫִ¡޲Tü
Ҫǰ뽻ԪԵ
ţ뽻Ԫ˼ҾãϻǲҪǰȥԪռһ£Ҳһʱ޲T
Ϊô˵Կ޲T
һЩ鱨Դ񷱻նɱ֮Ǖ׿ջԪĕ׿մۣȥ뽻Ԫ룬׿մһ뽴̸ʲôҵģǰ뽻Ԫʲô鷳޲T
뽻ԪһֱܹҲάŻԪԣԪռ䣬Ŷܴ뽻Ԫ쵼뽴ۣǹ⽫ƭ뽻ԪҲɣ΢΢ü˵
һ򣬾һϾ׿մȥҹ뽴ۣʱҲ̫ɺϡǣǲܲ޲Tҡͷ
ԳƬ̣һ뽻ԪҪȥҲܲȥ򣬿ܻӰ쵽¹ϻԪ뽻Ԫ֮ĹϵѾ׿ջԪ϶ٵ뽻Ԫ
ɣ޲T㴫Ѷ뽻Ԫ˵ҽڻһЩҪŰڣұǰ뽻Ԫ뽴ۡԶ޲T˵
ˡ޲T˵ͷ
⣬һʱлԪռ䱻ݻ٣Իһת޲Tʵ
Ԫռ䱻ݻ٣ϣЩάĻԪռ࣬ʱսԪռ䱻ҲǾ顣޲TԾ˵
޲T˵û
˽뻯ħսʱǾԣ˽򶼻ᱻħݻ١֮ǰħʹݻٹٵĻԪռ䡣
ţһҪע⡣άȼԪռͻȻݻ٣һҪһʱҡԶ޲T
ԣڵǴ֮ܳĺڌIۡʱ䣬ҲˣһֱڌIۡҲ֪ڌIʵ̶ֳָˡ
ǣϡ޲T֪ΪʲôרŶ£ǺѸٵӦ
עάȼԪռ䣬Լ򵥺ܶࡣȫԪάȼĻԪռ䣬ڴ뽻ԪԵļ¼¹ϻԪĴԪռ䣬Ӵ󣬹עάȻԪռ䣬ҲǺѵ顣
޲T뿪󣬾˳ʱĳ˼
ڵѵά켫նʮԪ򡣿ǣԻǽǡΪٶȣԣиĸԴȻһԪҲǷǳļѡ


3687 뽴
ںڌIȫָ֮ǰԲܵά켫֮ȫԪܹ赲ڌIۣҲ˵ȫԪڌIۻ
ʱľԣҲڿǲҪںڌI۵Ϣһ˹ǰ£һЩҪս׼Ҳȱ㡣һضɿֻšԣĿǰû㹻ȶסԪƣǼάԪ;Բİš
ˣٵȵȰɣҡͷ̾Ϣһ
Լʮ
ϣһȥ뽻Ԫ̫Σˡ޲Tü˵
޲Tϵ¹ϻԪھͷھԵǰ
ΪԼǰ뽻Ԫ
ҴһȥΣҲή͵ġңһܵƻСܶ࣬ΣգһٶȻ졣Զ˵
仰޲T˶Ĭ
ȻϾԴ˵ʵǵʵ̫ͣžȥ뽻Ԫ岻󣬿ܻᳶԴۺȡ
ˣҲ̫ġҪɱңôסЦһ
ϣСġУҪκˡ޲T˵
סԵ˵ͷ
һ£ֶ޲Tʵ޲T¹ϴ۵䣬ɻиϢ
¹ϴǰԤеΣδҶ˵¹ϴҲû뵽Σôɣ޲Tҡͷ˵
ԴϾԴΪ֮޲T¹ϴ۵ĳƺͲˡ
ţʲô˺¹ϴۣһ֤˵
Զ޲TŵֻҪһΪ¹ϴ۸ھѾά켫֮ѿֵɱ¹ϴ۵֡
ǰ뽻ԪһΪ˻ԪҲ¹ϴ۱һ¡һάԪռĻԪ֮ɱ¼أӦҲһЩ˿¡뽴ȻҲᶯֶε¡
նɱ£ڶ̶ʱھڶάȿռ䴫ġ
պ󣬾Զǰ뽻Ԫ
¹ϻԪĻԪͨڵ㣬ʹûԪռǸӻԪڵԪͨڵ㣬ҪԼʱ䡣
ھԳ֮ǰ޲Tǽ¹ϻԪԪ֮Դۼǰ뽻ԪϢ˴뽻Ԫ
ͨԪͨԽ뽻Ԫ
뽻ԪĻԪͨڵ㣬ȻҲӿءԱԼݾ֤󣬴뽻ԪҲԾԼʺ
ʱһС߽ӽΪ׵һˣǾ¹ϻԪڼۡ
ԴۡԶԶк
ۡЦԷ˹֡
Ƭ֮˫ֽ
Դۣǰǽӵ¹ϻԪĴѶ֪㼴ִ¹ϻԪԣ⼸ǱһֱȺ򡣡˵
ۣ̫ˣܳæ˵
Խߵļߡ⼸ˣҲǴ뽴µҪʵǿᡣ
˶ԾҲ൱Ŀ͸һء
ҲԱϾܹնɱ۵ǿߣڼ̵ʱھͻɱۡ£ά켫֮ĻԪۣǶԾ̫
Դۣھǰɣ˵
Ǵ뽴۵ľ
õģλˡԵл
뽻ԪȫԪеĵһԪռ䡣Ԫռ䣬ޱȵӴ󣬱¹ϻԪҪǿöࡣڴ뽻Ԫ֮⣬жԪڡЩԪȻģСһЩҲСԪĻԪ֮ά켫֮ĻԪۡ
գԲδܹ뽴ۡ
۵˵뽴۴ʱڴһҪʵ޷۸԰סþ΢ȴһЩʱ䡣
Ȼͬ⣬δ¶κεĲá
һֱʱ䡣
ǰ
Դۣȥ۶ԾЦ˵
ãӦ
ԹһĻιԸۣ˴һɫ֮ڡ
ڣһϷϡ
۴žԽ빬Ŀ⿴ԣվ
Դۣ뽴ۣӦǵһμΪԽܡ
뽴ۡ뽴۹ּ
뽻Ԫӭ¹ϻԪԪ֮ԴۡԴۣ뽴۶Ծ˵ͬʱҲȥ
ھԴʱ򣬴뽴ܹӭӦǱȽؾˡ
Ҫ֪һЩάԪĻԪ֮뽴ۣ뽴ͨǲӭġɴ˿Կڴ뽴еĵλҪѰάԪԪ֮һЩ


3688 ֶ
۳žЦЦ˳˴
Դۣ˴ǰ뽻ԪΪ£뽴žʵ
¹ϻԪǧǰ뽻ԪύһݱԪֵ뽻ԪķǣҪʹ¡˵
뽴۵˵ͷţ¡
¹ϻԪΪҪ뽴۽ʵ
¹ϴѾãԪռƿءԪͨùӦ¹ϻԪΪԻԪ˵
뽴ٴε˵ͷ
ܺã
ԴۣҽպټϲԱᡣڻϣ¹ϻԪһ½顣뽴˵
л뽴ۡæл
Դۣһ£ԭҾ̸һ̸ġԪҴ뽻Ԫô˻ᣬ˵һ˵¡뽴ת˵
ʲôأͫ΢΢һʵ
ǹ顣뽴۵

ţΪ뽴Ҫ˵ͼŷɵ顣
֣Իǵһ˵
ԴۣܲǺҲϾᡣ뽴۽˵ȸ㽲һ
ĴҪ׷ݵϹʱڣҲǻԪ֮ǰ˰ŴִԪѷŴۺԪάǿ䣬Ҳʧȥ塣
ڻԪѹȥܳһʱһЩάԪ۾飬񡣡뽴˿
ܹߣȫԪΪǿĻԪۡϵ֣Ǹά켫ά켫ȴδܹ񡣱ɱۣûе񡣡
Ŵ뽴۵ĽԶ񽥽֪
뽴ۣΣ𣿡Գʵ
Ȼġ
꣬Ŵ֮ԴҪĿģΪ˷ֹԪѵķϧջûֹ񣬻һáǿȫԪѾڴг׻Ϊˡ뽴۵һЩ
ԴۣԪ֮ԷΪԪһкڌIĴħͷڌIħͷ쳣ֲʵסŴۣ޲ߡŴ۴񣬾ΪֹڌI۵ĵ
񣬹ϵԪһֲڡطֶ뽴ᵽֶʱ򣬱ЩŹ֣Ŀ͸ŵĹǾ˷ܡ
ֶȫԪΪ֮ءͬʱ˵ҲȫԪлڡ뽴ٴκһ˵
ǺڌIħͷĪǾǴӺֶģĿһʵ
ԺڌI۵ȷʵ֮ؼŴ۵ʱŴҲûи߾ԺڌIȷʱͨ뽴۵Ľ΢һԾãڌIۿܾǳֶ
ֶϡԼʲôط֣ӡֲ
Դۣ˵һ㶼ûڌIħͷǴӺֶгĴħͷ
Ŵ۴񣬵ϰ񵥵ˣлֶںֶڣԪٶȼΪˡԣֶȻգҲĪĻԪ֮ǰԪôά켫ֶĹϵ뽴۵ͷ
ڌIħͷԺֶֶֶ̧߽ĿŴ뽴ۡ
ˡ뽴۶ԾЦЦ
ȻΪֶ̫ա£άά켫֮ߣҲ޷롣Ҫֶһεʱڡʱڣֶήˮƽʱ߽ȥлųϣ뽴˵
뽴۵˼ǣҪҵ񣿡Ե
ԣȷʵϣʵѽӽά켫֮Ϊʸ񡣲֧Ҳͨ顣ĳԱеߡ뽴˵
Ҫ񣬾͵ͨ顣ᣬȻɴ뽴һ˿ƵġߣлȨֻͨ飬Բܵ񣬲ʸֶ
뽴۵˼ںֶڣԪٶȽἫ侪ˡ⣬ǾҪĻᣬ뾡Լά켫ԲΣڲõĽڌI۶Կ
ԴۣԵ£ǣżġ㿼ٸҴ𸴡뽴ۼԳЦЦ˵
ÿǣҾҪ񡣡Ŀһ˵
ãôԺұ㴫ѶгԱǵ뽻Ԫһ¡뽴һͷ


3689 ¹ϴ
ҪҲΪﵽά켫֮ĻԪۡԣݰϵ־ࡣ
ά켫ԪѾǱȽǿάǿߣûʸ
뽴ۣһ̡Կ뽴ۡ
Դ۲ؿʲô⣬ֱ˵ǡ뽴˵
֪¹ϴ۾ġҽ¹ϻԪԺҲ˽һЩ¹ϴ۵¹ϴʵά켫֮м㲻Ƕ⣬ά켫֮Ҳɱ¹ϴۡɫʵ
֪ʲôɱ¹ϴۡء
Ե⣬뽴۵֡
û̳˵ʲôڿǡ
Ƭ̣뽴һ̾
ԴۣҲ֪¹ϴںˡ֮֡뽴ҡͷ˵
뽴ۣ뽻ԪȫԪıʡάȼĻԪռ䣬Ҳڴ뽻Ԫϸļ¼ǶԴ뽻Ԫгߵľ⡣¹ϻԪĻԪռ䣬ȫԪзǳҪġ¹ϻԪԪ֮Ī뽴ѵû׷𣿡ü
Դۡ뽴ԵƺЩҲ̧һЩ
¹ϴɣԴʱҵȻ׷ңҲǼ򵥵׷飬׷飬˺ܶʱ䡣㲻ףµ׷ǳѣΪ¹ϴ۵嶼ûҵ¹ϴںδ뽴˵
뽴ۣЩˡ뽴۵Ǹ
ܵά켫֮ǵ¹ϴµһزءûزأҲô͵ά켫֮ңҲӦ޲TֻҪҪΪ¹ϴ۸𡣡뽴۽Լ̬Ȳõԭ
뽴ۣɲ鵽κֻҪ˿ұԼŲ֤˵
뽴ü
¹ϴ۱һ£ȷʵһ˳飬ѡ뽴˵
ǲȥδܹ鵽ʲôõ޴鷳뽴۱¡
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¹ϴάԪռйأʵѾ׼¹ϴúͻȻά켫֮ߣɱ¹ϴۡǺܶά켫֮ߣֲ̫ءԣǰƲǰάԪǿ֣߳¹ϴѶϢĻᶼûС
ȷʵǣάԪռ䣬ҲǰάԪռô򵥡뽴̾һ
ԴۣԪ֮ǰȫԪǿʢĻԪռ䣬ɾŴƿصŻԪռ䡣Ŵ֮ŻԪھǿ߶֮䡣ŻԪҲ̮⡣ǿʢޱȵŻԪδʹȫǴһԪռԪռ䡣
ڣŻԪռȻڡԪռ䣬λԪ֮ʵǿģŻԪŻԪĻԪ֮ŴۣΪά켫֮ԪۡšϼźͱԪռĻԪ֮ҲǶά켫֮Ԫۡ뽴ۻ˵
ԻԪ֮ŻԪռ䣬һΪֱΪššϼźͱšУʵǿ
뽴ۣ˼ǣ¹ϴԪռйأһʵ
⼸Ԫռ䣬ԶԶԭŻԪȣȻǳǿ󡣹ؼǣԪռ໥֮ҲⲿӰκһԪռжԵʱǾͻͬԡ
ҲΪʲô뽴ᵽļŻԪе쳣ֵԭ򡣵鵽һЩ֪¹ϴļŻԪйʱ˼׷顣
ȷ¹ϴļйء鵽󣬵õĽǣ¹ϴ۲ļŻԪļŻԪɲ뽴ưոݡ
ûһЩָļŻԪǣûֱӵ֤ݡ޷жϣļŻԪ¹ϴۡûгֵ֤֮ǰҾûǲҪȥļŻԪ뽴۵ͷ˵
֪ˡ˵
ԴۣɲҪ³ç¡ԪռĻԪ֮ʵһλʵҲǿܶࡣңλԪ֮ԶϵĳԱ뽴Ѿԡ
ԵļŻԪλԪ֮Ǻǳ¡
뽴۲صģЦЦ˵
뽴˵Ĳ࣬þ˲֤ķǰһĨڣ֪ȥĸ֤֪ļŻԪܹõ𰸡
뽴ۺ󣬾ڴ뽻Ԫס˼졣
֪֮ͨԣϲԱѾ׼ýһۣ¹ϻԪΪԻԪһ¡


3690 ׿մ
뽴ֻ顣
ȻǲҪμӴϲġ
ʵλҲ߸뽴۶¹ϻԪΪԻԪѾͷϾͲʲôһԪռҲʲô¡
ԭǲҪ뽻Ԫ뽴۽ʹµġ
ֻǣ׿մ뽴̸һΣ뽴ۺһ¹ϻԪ»Ԫ֮¹ϻԪһ¡
ֹһգ뽴µٴԣԴһϢ
¹ϻԪΪԻԪѾõ֮ͨصϢϾͻȫԪ
Բδ뿪뿪뽻Ԫ
ΪϵԱѾ뽻Ԫ
ҪҪõͨˣҲֳ
뽻ԪҪԪռ䣬лԪͨԣϵĴӵõѶǰ뽻ԪҲҪķ̫ʱ䡣
ȥʱ䣬Ĵ㶼ˣļŻԪλԪ֮Ҳ˴뽻Ԫ
ЩڽӵѶʱ򣬾֪˴δ뽴ǰ뽻ԪΪʲô顣ÿһ˵ǷǳҪģ³ԱͬҪ顣ԣڵõѶ󣬶ᾡĸϵ뽻Ԫռ䡣
ʵ޷ĴҲἰʱĸ뽴۴Ѷظ˵Լ޷
άԪռ׿ջԪĕ׿մۣȻҲǵִ˴뽻Ԫ
һգһλݷЩ⡣
ˣ޻Ԫ޴ۡ
û뵽޴۾ҲϵԱھԿ޴۵ʵǺǿά켫֮ĻԪУ붥ҲвСĲࡣ
Դּۣˡ޴Ц뾰Դк
޴ۣϲáҲ¶Ц˵
޴Կ޴
˵һЩл
֮޴ۺȻɫ΢΢һ䡣
ѹһЩžԵԴۣʵ㹻ġҾãԴά켫֮Ĵڡ
л޴ۡ˵
˴ΡЩѡ޴üͷһ˵
ΪΣԲĿ⿴޴ۡ
޴ۻ˵ԵʵԵ񣬺οд뽴۵֧֣ӦûʲôŶԡ޴۽˵˴Ժѵ
ΪҵõһЩϢҪֹ񡣡޴ܵ͡
ĪǕ׿մۣüʵ
ܹ뵽ģǕ׿ջԪԪ֮׿մۡΪĿǰֻ׿ջԪ϶׿մҹ۵¹ϻԪҪԴ׿մۡ׿ջԪֱӽ¹ϻԪԪս¡Ǖ׿ջԪԪķ޷ͨ뽻Ԫˡ
Դۣ׿մۿֻ֮һ޴ҡҡͷ˵
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ĴУƺûΪΣҪֹԼ
ѵɱ¹ϴ۵֣
˭Ҳ̫ұϾֻά켫֮ҲܵõһЩصϢ޴̾Ϣһ˵
֪ˣл޴ѡԵл
Դۣһϣ֧񡣡޴˵
л޴ˣٴεл
¹ϻԪԴסʱһ洫˽
ţһӰ뷿䣬ھԺ޴ǰ
΢Ц
ȴüͷһ壬Ϊ˽ûͨͨ޴۽ʱ򣬶ͨͨġ
˭˵İԵǿƣ
ԴۣλǕ׿ջԪԪ֮׿մۣά켫֮ǿߡ޴æվ׿մ۹˹ֶԾԽܕ׿մۡ
׿մĿ⿴ԡ
ԭǕ׿մۡԶԺ߹˹֡
ҹ˵ԴΪѾά켫֮һҹȻû˵ԴۣǱеĻҪܶࡣӣò˶ãԴ۾Ϳɵά켫֮ˣ׿մЦŻ˵
ⷬڿ佱ԣЦص
׿մ۹ˣֻһˣ׿մǰȫû취ȡҲЦŻӦ˵
Դۺǫ顣⻰ҲʵԴ㣬ʵǺǿǾϿǷȱϾ鲻ǿ츳еģ뾭¼ʱĲϻۡ׿մЦɡ
׿մԼǣԺһ׿մ۶ѧϰ˵
ԴۣʵҵǾã㲻ؼڵΪʲôأΪֶ˥ҪˣҲ˵Ǽֶܽûо飬Ժֶ˽ǷȱðȻΣ̫ˡԣٵȵȡ׿մһ˵һԼͷ


3691 Ҳ
׿մۣҼȻȻӦԺֶΣյ׼
ߣΪ֮·һЩΣ谭͹㲻ǰ׷ʲôأЦŶԕ׿մ۵
׿մһ£˿ԣֿ˿޴ۡ
ԴۣǺ⡣ˣ͵û˵Щ׿մ۲
׿մ۵ĺ⣬ˡԶԕ׿մ۵˵ͷ
ţԴۣҾ͸ˡ׿մת׼뿪
뿪Ծʱת޴ۣ޴ۣ뾰Դ۹ϵ񲻴㲻ȰһȰԴۡһ񣬿ɲ벻ֶܲġˣλ͡
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޴תĿ˵ԴۣǺֶȷʵΪաά켫߽֮УҲʹ䡣
޴ۣɽֶԿ޴ʵ
ֶһΣһЩջ񡣵ΣգҪҵԴ֮ҾҲûнֶˡ޴˵
ŕ׿մ˼ƺ˵ֶ벻ܲġ޴ۣΪʲôܹԼѡֶأЦʵ
Դ֪
£ϵĳԱȷʵҪֶϹʱڣֻҪֶ˥ôϵκһߣֶڻԪ֮󣬹ԿһЩҸһЩԲֶ޴Խ͵
ԭԵ޷ǵ񣬱Ըֶ
ԴۼȻѾ˾Ǿ͵ȵϣǷͨɣ޴۵
֮޴뿪˾Եľ

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ص㣬ڴ뽴۵Ĵ֮ڡ
˴εԱԼжʮλ
ЩˣϾȫԪʵǿһȺˡ
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֮Ув˻ʶԻԪĻԪ֮Դۡǽһ£λǾԴۡ뽴۳˵
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¹ϻԪѸΪԻԪԴ뽴ҲĿڳƾԻԪĻԪ֮
ڵˣҲԾԵ˵ͷ
Դۣһλۡ뽴ֶԾ˵
֮νܴڵˣЩ˴ǻԪ֮ݣҲвֲǻԪ֮һԪռڣܴڶʵǿĻԪۡ뽻Ԫۣά켫֮ĻԪۡ
ܹ󣬴뽴ɫ΢΢һλ˵ĿģλѶ֪ˡ
ԴϣλѶԴ˿ʲô뽴ʵ
Ҷûͬ⾰Դ۵ô˴ͿѸٽԴ۵֣ϣ´κֶԽͣԴ۱Խֶ
ԾԴۣһЩ˽⡣һλά켫֮ߡڴ뽴ۻ֮󣬕׿մȷԴǰά켫֮ĻԪۣǵȻ⣬ǲ˵仰Ƕά켫֮ĻԪۣ¾ǿһЩԴۣҪ֤Լ㹻ʵǶϿɵʵ
š׿մ֮뽴۵ͷ
׿մۣϵά켫֮ߣǼԿ׿մ˵
Դۣ˵ûԣ˵Ҫ֤Լʵλά켫֮ĵѣڻԪɶкպսġ׿մЦ˵
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׿մۣԴȻ½𣬵ͷɲԪۣǱԴɱ۵ʵǺܲġԴܹնɱۣ˵ʵǿ뽴ۻ˵
Դɱһ£Ҳ֪ġ۲ϵԱɱ۾ܵ˵ǣǿˡ׿մҡҡͷ˵
׿մ˵ȷʵеġۣչ鲻ϵԱڤ۸ŕ׿մ۵Ļ˵
׿մۣ˼Ҹ֤Լеʵأƽ
ǺǣʵãԴ㲻ؼŵֻҪĵȴʱƣôҶʵ˽⡣ʱ񣬾ˮɵ顣׿մ۶ԾЦ˵
ǸҲ̫áҡҡͷ
ţ׿մ˵񷲢ϵԱһûʲô˵ôܻһϵĳԱǲǾͿ֤ʸ񣿡ת˵


3692 ά֮
ʳʱ򣬕׿մɫ΢΢һ䡣
ڵˣҲ¶һζı顣
⾰ԴۣĪҪսˣ
ԴۣҪ˵ʲô׿մžʵ
޴дһС޴Աܹд֮нսʤ޴ۣǾ˵ҵʵԵ񣿡ֱ˵
޴۵ɫʱͱˡ
޴۶Լʵ뱻ɱȣǿ˶١˵ʵ뾰Խ֣һĶûеġ
ɫ仯֮У޴۵Ŀнŭ⡣
Դۣʲô˼Īǣλ𣿡޴ŭ
㡭̫ʧˡһһֱ㣬㵱ѡ㣬ȴҵͷϡ޴ۼ䱯ߵĺȵ
Ц
ѣ
ʼգԶ޴۴δԵѡԿʼ޴۾Ҫõŷĵǰԭ¹ϻԪ¹ϻԪԪĳͻΨһĿľҪõ
޴¹ϴ֮ĹϵΣԲѡ
֮һֱû˵ƣҲǿǵ̫ĵˡ
޴ۣˡ
ֻΪ׿մۻҵʵҪ֤ԼʵÕ׿մۣ֪ʸ˵޴㽻֣Ҳδؾܻ㣬˵԰ɣЦ˵
Դۣ֤ԼʵΪҪд裿޵
Ϊλ֮Уֻ޴Ѱɫ˵
㡭Ҿܾд衣޴ֱӾܾ˾Եд
޴˻ͬۿնɱ۹̵ġʱɵˡھԵĹ֮£ûʲôĵֿ˵ˣû㹻ʵǼУҲڻô̵ʱڱɱ
Σ޴۶Ը뾰Խ֡
ܾӦսҲǿед衣
üĿڶԪ۵ϴ߮
һЦ
ȻԴд裬ɨأ磬̾Դ۵ĸСһ۵ĻԪۣ˵
ˣǰͼۣͼԪĻԪ֮
ͼۣΪά켫֮ߡδά켫֮ʵ֮ǿ뽴۵Ȱά켫֮߶Сӡ
Ѱά켫֮԰ά켫֮Ԫûʲôвġ͵Ϯά켫֮ߣҲܴӦά켫֮ߵĹǶ԰ͼۣǴ뽴ۡ׿մǡҲ򲻸и
ͼյԪﵽʮ֮ޡֻܹﵽԪά켫Բ硣ңյǿֶΣȫԪ֮УҲǰé°ά켫֮ĴۣҲ˵ԼһԽͼ۵
˵ȫԪУά֮£ͼǵһˡ
ʱͼվҪ뾰дд衣
ͼۡԷ˹֡
ղţ뽴ѾԽܹˣԾԵȻ֪Էң뽻Ԫ֮ǰҲרŻһЩʱ䣬ȫԪЩվ۷ĻԪۡͼۣǾ˽ĻԪеһ
ԴۣΣд裬ǷԣͼЦžʵ
뽴۵ˣĿ⿴žԡ
ͼۣ⡭ǲЩ۸ˣ׿մۿͼ˵
׿մۣҲ˼ͼ۵
ͼۣȫԪʸϵĻԪ֮һԴۣȴĸά켫ߡ׿մЦЦ˵
׿մۣ˵ģҲ֮ͬ·Ϊȣ·Ŀɲ͡Դά켫֮Ҳά켫֮뾰Դд裬ƽȵģ˵۸ˣҲǴ֮ǰߣҲھԴ𣿡ͼۿŕ׿մۣ˿ơ
׿մ۵˵ͷҲǣͼԣе
ôԴۣǷҪͼдأԴۣͼۿʵǳǿά켫֮ԪۣʤͼۣڳλѣӦþû˶ʵʻ߻ˡ׿մۿžԣЦʵ
Դͼд裬ЩסھԿ֮ǰ뽴˫üҡҡͷ
սͼά켫Ԫ࿹Դۣάʱ仹̡ܶԣǻһλ뾰Դдɡ뽴ۼ˵
뽴ۣǿԴԼ˼ɣǿ顣ԴǲԸ⣬Ҳֻһ仰顣׿մۿ뽴˵


3693 άһ
ͼԸҾд裬ҵҡ΢Ц˵
ͼ۵Цڵڻص
λд裬𡣡뽴΢ü
׿մ۾΢У
ͼۣǵȥΣԿŰͼʵ
⣡Դۣ룡ͼվԾһĶ
˻
ͼȳ뽻Ԫڲա
Ըڰͼ
뽴۵ȻԪ֮ԪۣҲһʮߣԽ뽻ԪĻԪա
ϣͼҲǰеǿߡ
˵ʵҪͼ۽֤ʵԾǲƽġڳЩˣû⡣
ϱȰͼʵСĻԪкܶࡣ
˵ǱԴۼ֮նɱģǵܹλԴ۵ʵжǿˡһԪ֮Ц˵
ܻпŵĵطҶ۵ʵ˽ġ۱Դɱһʵô˵λԴ۵ʵСһԪ֮Զ˶ŵӰ˵
׿մۣ˰ͼۣһλԪǰĕ׿մʵ
׿մۻ˺һۡ
Ц˵˭˵ԴһҪܰͼ۲ܵϵλжٸ˵Լʵڰͼ֮ϵģ
׿մۣ˼ǣԳɡ
ֻҪǶԴ۵ʵǲ̫࣬Ȼܵ񡣵ȻΪġ׿մۿһ۴뽴ۣ˵
еͷеĿ¶֮ɫ
ʱ򣬕׿մֳ̬ƺȫҪֹԴ۵񡣿ɴʱֺ̬񲢲ҪֹԴ۵
׿մ۵ֶΣ˼̡УһƲ۵ӰͻȻ
λڴӿʼͱųĬ仰ƺǴӴ˴Ὺʼڣ˵ĵһ仰
Ȼһڣܵ˱㶼΢΢ݡ
ΪλڣļŻԪĻԪ֮λά켫֮ĻԪ֮
׿մۣӦϣܵİɣλԪ֮˵һ䡣
ϣϵԽԽࡣ׿մ˵
˵˵ͷٴλص˳Ĭ״̬
û
ӿʼ׿մ۾ϣԵǰ뽻Ԫ뽴̸ۣ飬ҲǴ¡
ֹԵΪʲôҪֹ
ֹԽֶûǸҪ֮ԱֳþԵĿֻǼˡϣԵ񣬲ŷϕ׿մ۵⡣
뽴ۣһ̶ͬ׿մ۵ԣŻд뽴뾰ǴιĽ̸
޴ۣжƵá
ǰһ̵棬Ϸˣ
ͼ뾰д裬ȵİšȻͼվ뾰Խ֣Ǖ׿մ۸Ը⿴ĽðͼۣúýѵСһ١
ھǲܹܰͼۣȻǲܵ顣ά켫֮ߣûǰͼ۵Ķ֡㾰ɱۣҲǰͼ۵Ķ֡
ʱ򣬶еľԴۺͰͼۣսȣ档
Դۣаɣͼ˵ʱжһɫǹ
ɫǹϣܺƵļ¡
Ӱһԣгǹֱӷ
뾰Խֵʱþȳ֡λʵǿİͼۣȴƺȫ˼ԼʸֱӾͶԾԷ׺ݵĹ
ͼۺʵ
һƬɫĹӰͷסȫ
ͫһڸеǹӰ֮еѹ֮һǿҵΣдӿ
ͼһ֣ԾʶԷʵ֮ǿԶԶۿȡңȷţһǹǰͼ۵ȫʵ
Կдͳĺ
â˲ŷ
ʱͷųĽâҪǹǷâ赲ɫǹӰʴĽâһӣеĽɫǹӰ⡣
飡飡
ܼļҵײײ֮УԵ岻ϵˡâγɵķĵס˽ɫǹӰ
뽴۵ˣĿת
ˣ
λԴȷʵܹסͼ۵Ĺ
ֱǵˮ룡
ֻһУܿóˮƽˡʱգάһǿߣҪˡ
쿴ͼҪˣ
תǹ
ڶУͼ۾Ͷ˴ᡭѵǰͼ۸ܵѹ𣿡
вˣͼͷŵĵڶιеЩ⡣
תǹ


3694 Ŵ
ͼ۲ʹá
羰ԣʵߣҲֱӾͶǬǧػ
ͼʹöתǹ˵ѾԿԼӽĶ֡
ɫǹ֮ϣɫĹο뵶
Ӧþǰͼǿתǹ˰ɣĿа
Ҳ֪ͼ۵ǿֶΡ
Ȼǿᣡ
ϢǳǿƬɫУ̺ǹӰÿһǹӰֲ̺ϸĸ֪
ͬʱҲȫĴ߶
ʮԪ򣬰ͼʮԪԪϣͼյĳյġ
ȫԪҲûмյԪȰͼۻࡣά켫֮ĕ׿մۣҲʮԪ򣬱ȰͼյԪһ
ʱ򣬴뽴۵˶žԣȴԵķӦ
԰ͼ۵ǿԴܲܳܵס
˵עĿ֮£б׽ϣǧâŷ
Ǭǧػ
˴ɱǬǧػһϹԽڿն
⽣
ȷʵ¹ϴ۴ɱϢ
Դ۽ɱ뵽ԼǬ֮ڣ
»ǵסͼ۵תǹ
ڻԪͷе˵š
һ̣תǹǬǧػǷ˾춯صײֿµҪԪոƷȥ
һγɵ˳ԶɢӡԪգִı顣
뽴˫üűգЩʹĴ뽻Ԫռ䰡Ȼ֮УǶԪռкܴĲӰ졣
˼ʱ䣬âڿʼɢ
ֹƬ̣ȫʧ
ǰͼۺ;Դˣ֮С
˭ʤˣ
еһЩˣʡвˣǿһеĶԿ˭ռơӽĽܿһơ
˵ʶ֮УȻǾþԴ۵סͼ۵ĹڿȥԴ۷·Ҳû˵ӡ
׿մޱ飬Щն˲֪һЩʲô
ԴۡͼͻȻԹ˹֡
ôˡҿ˵㶼ûʸȫԪҲûʸ񡣡ͼ۳˵
ͼ۹ˡԹֻ˵
ҴӲˡ˵ģʵǡͼҡҡͷ
뽴˵뽴ۣԴ۾ʸģҲ˵ˡ֧־Դ۵񡣡
˵仰֮󣬰ͼۻصȺ֮С
һս˭ʤˣֹš
ӦûзʤԴ۵ʵõ˰ͼ۵ϿɡԴۼǲͼۣҲ˶١ı˵
λѣǾأ뽴ۿʵ
Ȼͼ۶ϿɾԴ۵ʵҲûʲô˵ˡ׿մ۵˵ͷ
ӿʼ׿մ۾ϣԵ񡣲һ㣬ԵʵЩԤϡ⾰ԣͼƽɫίʵ˾÷˼
ԱûٳԷԾԵ
뽴ȷ֮ʽϣһ֣ԾԻԪĻԪ֮Դۡ
ϲԴˡ
ԵأЦŻ
Դۣһ˵һ
˵ˣȻŻԪĻԪ֮
λŴۣļŻԪԪռУΨһһλά켫֮Ԫۡ
Ŵ˵仰תԶȥ
Կ˿Ŵ۵Ӱ漴ȥ
ϼšźͶԪĻԪ֮ԭء
ŴҾҪ̸ʲô¶Ȼ֮ɫԵ
֪
ŵԪĻԪ֮򶼳Ĭԡ
뽴ĿҲû˵
׿մ۵ıЩ仯˼һЩʲô¶һĨЦܿЦ
ԶԪС
ԸŴƬ
Ŵۣ˵ʲôŴۡ
Ӵ뽴ۿУ֪¹ϴ֮ļŻԪйء
ԴۣҼ츳ߵߣû֮һܹͣά켫֮˾̾Ŵۻ˵
ţŴۼ˵ȥ
񣬾Դ۵ʸֶֶ߶ԣȷʵһ޴Ծܾջ󡣲룬ԴҲӦֶ֪ڵΣգںֶ˥ڵʱһΪµڣȻκߡŴ˿


3695 ѶϤ
Ǵ˥ڵĺֶԻԪڵԾΣա
ÿһֶߣҪŴֿ˾һۡ
ЦЦ˵Ŵ۵˼ˡһ˽ֶ粽С
ţˡŴ۵ͷ
ԴҪֶļŻԪһ𣬴໥Ŵ˵
ǡ̫лŴˡԵл
Դۣ㲻ҪŸлҡ˵ڲһ£¹ϴ֮¡Ŵۻһת˵¹ϴۡ
뽴۶Ծ˵׷¹ϴʱһЩָļŻԪΪˣԴ뽴۾û׷ȥ
΢΢һ
£ԴͲҪȥˣûʲôġ¹ϻԪѸΪԻԪԪռˡȥ£ȥɡŴ۵Щơ
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˵ֶļŻԪһֲ֮ϣԼ׷¹ϴ¡ô֮䶼ϵ
Ŵ۶Դ£֪øŴǷ֪ʲôɱ¹ϴۣüëһ̧Ŵʵ
Ŵûʲô仯ҡҡͷԴۣԾڴˡ˵ģҶѾ˵ˡ
ϣŴת뿪
ļŻԪĻԪ֮ˣϵĳԱû̾뿪뽻Ԫ
Ϊỹûн
Դ۵ȷɽһҪһ¡
ֶ˥ڣˡò˶ã˱ɽֶչ򣬵ϵԱֶ
ᣬɴ뽴֡
˻صڣ½
λѡ뽴ۻˡ
Ʋ㣬дԼǧ굽ǧʱ䣬ֶ˥ڡ뽴۳˵
ĹأλѶ׵ġֶ˥ڣԱҪС뽴ۼ˵
뽴ۣԸóһ˵Իȡֶ޻Ԫ޴ۣ˵
һ㣬޴۲δԾ˵ѡȷʵֶֻһΣһνֶ档ֶ֮˥ڣҲһֱ˵һֶ
޴۲ֶʵȷʵǲһЩ޴ۣҲǳֶȻͲѰȵģʵϵͻơǵԼﵽά켫ֶֻ֮Ҫսôһαɡ
Ȼ¹ȥսûﵽԼԤڡ
ԣ뽴۵˵ͷ
뽴ۣҲԸһԴһֶһԪ֮˵
ˣǹԨԪĻԪ֮ԨۡԪռ䣬һַǳءϡеȻԴΪ֣켫֮֮ʥƷ
Ȼˣ֣ԨԪҲͬ
ԡ뽴۶ԹԨ۵˵ͷ
Ԩ۵ʵҲһЩ޴ʵ൱
еҪһ𣿡뽴Ŀ⿴ˡ
˳ĬӦ
ڲôһֶ˥ڣҪˡǣҪصĿ뽴۲һ䡣
ǺǣԴҪҪһأ׿մۿԣЦʵ
̧Ŀ˕׿մһۡ
ԾԵѵʵֶǿԵġͼ۳˵
ͼֶۣɲǿԼеġǰά켫֮ߣںֶҲҪѡԴ۸ոյδҵѰɣ׿մ۶԰ͼ˵
ûںֶȷʵҪѻͼ۵˵ͷ
ü˿ŴۡŴ˽̸ģǹڴ¡ȻԲܷ׷¹ϴһ¡£ļŻԪ¾Ͳںֶаԡ
Ȼֶǲܵ顣ǲֶԾͲôеĵ
ʵͶϤ˕׿մ۵˵ļ֪׿մ۵ǹװһԼ̬ԣ˳ˮ˳ȥˡܕ׿մ۵ǷҪҪõֶĻᡣ
л׿մۺѣѾҪֶԳĬƬ̣˵
׿մۿ˿ԣ˵ͷûٶԡ
ȻûҪֶô˴νֶȷˡΨ޴ۺ͹Ԩ۶λ˵ֹ뽴˵
λۣھó˵ְɡ뽴ۿ޴ۺ͹Ԩˡ


3696 ̽
޴ۺ͹Ԩ۶Ȼ׼
ڴ뽴˵仰֮λԪ֮ó˵ޱԴ
ֶ֪˥ڼ
ֶ˥һϵԱͱҪֶλĿǰֶðգڴ֮ǰһʱǾѾΪ׼
λѣʮ˵ڹֶ޴۽һЩƿڷų
Щƿ֮ڣʮ˵
뽴ǰ˵
ʮ˵û⡣뽴˵
ڳԱ˵ͷ
λѣʮ֣ڹֶԨ۳˵
ʮ֣û⡣뽴ۼֺ˵
ڳĻԪ뢣Դ˵ϰߣҲû̫ı仯ֻоԣ΢Щݡ
ֵļֵһЩţǺ˽⡣˵ŷΪԪĵֵ٣жϵġ
޴Ϊһϧ֧ɢʮ˵ίʵǲС
˵ļƶϣʮֵļֵҲʮ˵൱಻̫
λѡ޴빱Ԩ˹ֶ飿뽴ѯʡ
û顣
ȻҶͬ⣬ô˴Σ޴빱Ԩۿɲֶ뽴
ұһͬ˵ַ˰ɣ뽴˵
ǺǣԴ۵ǲ׿մЦЦĿ⿴ԡ
ոյ񣬱ܷһʼֵƵԴ׿մۼ˵
׿մۡһΣԴҲֶ˵֣ԴȻҲһݡ뽴۳˵
ǰǰ뽴ۣ˵û׿մ۾С
ϾԱʱѾڴ뽻ԪĴ֮ڡʣǼλû뽻ԪĳԱ뽴ҲǵһлᣬٽԴǵϡ
ΣԷֵʮ˵Ͳ֡
֣ΪġȻγɣֻǹԨԪг
λѣ˴ᵽҲͽˡԸ⣬ڴ뽻ԪСסһЩʱաǲԸҲɷԼĻԪռ䡣ֶ˥ڣһǰλѶ֪ͨ뽴۶˵
뽴ۣǾȸˡ
Ҳһ
뽴ۣǣ
½뽴۸ǡ
ԭ¹ϻԪҲڵľԻԪ뽻ԪлԪͨԣҲؾԻԪԼĻԪռȴ뽴۵֪ͨ
뽴ۣһھԻԪȺ֪ͨҲ뽴۵ǡ
Դۣٻᡣ뽴۶ԾԵͷ
֮󣬾ԴӴ뽻Ԫص˾ԻԪ
һϢҲԴ뽻ԪȫԪάȼĻԪռ䴫ݡ
Դۣͼ۽ˣ
λ۲ˣҾ˵ƽ֡
ͼۣȫԪУʵǿά켫֮ԪۣʮԪ򡣾Դۣͼƽɫ
˵ԴҲǽά켫żˣ
Ҳһͼڽ֮вδȫɣϾֻһͨдѡ
ͼۿûоȫԴ۱ضûоȫͼ۽ֵʱ򣬲δʹ깥Ƕ֪Դ깥輫
£⾰Դ۵ʵ̫ǿˣģΪʲôᣬѽӽά켫ͱô࣬ͣһά켫֮
ھԴ۵ۣȫԪݱչ
ΪԴ۵һطҲˡطźΪв˴һЩϢݴԴȥźҲźǸطõ˾޴ĻԵӶٵ
в켫֮ǿߣרŵź֮ľ֮ǲι̽ء֮ǣµЩߣҲһͷˮв֪ΪʲôͻȻ֮ǿ֮ǡ
ԾԱ¹ϻԪǿߴ֮󣬾޸۵һֱڵȾԵϢǣǵĲεһЩӴ켫֮ǸεǿߡĿǰΪֹ޸۵ˣ֪ԴѾΪ¹ϻԪĻԪ֪֮Դѵά켫֮ȫԪǹڵľ֮һ
֮ǵڳͷеԴȪ
һЩ켫֮֮ǺҲͼ̽İءǣǲûܹɹ


3697 ¸˽
ЩΪ켫֮ߣ޷͸
ʵǰҲ̽лԪ뢡Ƕԣ̫ļֵǸά켫Ҳ޷ֱյ
ö֮Ҳûʲô˶ŨȤˣΪֻǻԪһ壬޷Ǿͽϴˡ

ԻԪԭ¹ϻԪ
ϥĿ˿˿âת
򣬿ûô򵥣ܵ͡
֮ǣޱңԶǣǿ̽ҾиӦ⣬˷˼۾΢С
Ҫ֪ά켫֮ĻԪۣʹôѶֱӴѶܵơ
ͱ羰ԻԪ뽻ԪĴѶҪ˹ġ뽴Դ۴ѶϢҪ˵ԻԪġ
Զźľ֮ǣ˿̽ȴ֪
ˣԾãиİشڡ
Ȳôˡҡҡͷ
ңϴ˽Լʵ
ϡЦ
һ£ҩȥȽס˵
Ըæ˵
ǻԪ֮Ҳҩڵҩڵĸ߲㣬ϰ߳ƾΪ
һЩˣ˽һˡϣ˽Ԫռ֮䣬һԪͨ΢Ц˵
С£ԺͰ졣Ӧ
֮ҩȥ£ҪΪҩ˽ˡһ£Լ£ͻüսõҳϺͳƳȥɣһ£Դ˽һ£ɱŵǡ
˵ҲЦ
ģ˼ԴҺͳһˡ˵ʵҲۿһļءЦ˵
Цŵͷ
ɻĶ𣿡ʵ
ȷʵһ¡ϣ㵽˽ȥһҳĻԪռ䡭ȥһԻԪһˡѣȷһаá
ȻˣȻԪ֮ͨһоͶˡ
Ե˺ѣʱͨԪͨµľԻԪ
ϽԽº󣬱뿪ˡ
ڣԽ֮ǰõȡ˳
ȥһָ㣬ʵɢȷʵȻγɡ
Թ۲Ƭ̡
δʹù֣ǰѹû˵ⶫҲǵԭ¹ϻԪ֮󣬾ԲһЩڹԨԪֵĴţǰҲûʵֻ֪Դߵż޴İޱϡٺ󣬹ԨԪٶԪֶ
ԨԪ켫֮˵ҪͬεĻԪռ١ԭ򣬾йء
Ч۾
ȡС֣С
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ģϸŴ
ţ
ǿǰӴԴûеġ
澹̺Ϣ䲻ǾԪ򣬵˵ִϢܱԪҪ󣡡Ծ̾ĵ˵
Ҳоԡ
ʼʱЧáԽ࣬ЧԽ
ҲǳһֱЧǹԨ۵ȹԨԪ켫ߣǶֱӵά켫ﵽ켫Բˡ˿
һᣬҵöŪһЩ֣΢΢һ
ֻа֣ԶԶá
һЩ֣ԸоǳԴԼԪٶȡ
ٿ޻Ԫ˵ȡ˵
˵Ԫĵ֮һŷ
ó˵󣬾̽
ɵɵַͲϣŷвͬЧ˵ǸǧɣȻŷΪԪĵ֮ףȫԪǿɵ԰ת
Ҫǣʹ˵ʹüŷͻɵͬʱʹãߵЧʡ
εõʮ˵Ӧ޴۶໻һЩ˵ֹһ䡣
ԻӶһֱۡ
ٿ֮䣬ǰмŷ˵֡ȪҺȵԴ֣вʥȸ
ЩȫϣԪٶܴﵽʲôزڽֶ֮ǰһܶһԪʵԽǿںֶıҲԽһЩ۾
ҩ뾰ԿС
ķתԿʼںһµδյԪ


3698 Ԩ
ںԪٶ֮죬ҪԵԤ
û뵽Ч֮ã
չһЩʱյľԣһ۾ип
Ϊֺ˵һգԿܻչصںһµԪ
ϣ뽴˵ˣһκֶ˥ڣǧ󵽰ǧӡ
ǧʱ䣬㹻ֺ˵һܹԪ򡣡ڴ
ԪǾյԪͽﵽʮ֮ࡣ
ȥԨԪһˣ԰
ԼľԻԪڣ϶ǵȲֺ˵ġҪãԾԼֻһˡ
ϣ
Գ󲻾ã޲Tˡ
޲Tڿʲô鷢ʵ
ϣǰһάȻԪˡ޲T˿ԣͳ˵
ǰעǷлԪռͻȻݻ١޲TһֱԪ֮Դ۵Ļϡ
ţϢһĿһâ
Ԫռ䣬г߻ԪһһάԪռ䡣߻ԪͻȻġĿǰѶϢϸֻ֪߻ԪѾڣҲǱԪռ𡣡
Ϊ߻Ԫ𣬻ԪͨҲ޷ʹãʱ޷̽鵽Ϣ޲T˿˵뽻ԪǱߣҲǲСǰ߻ԪҪϳʱ䡣
ͷء
һάȻԪһάĻԪռ䣬ҲͻȻ𡣶߻ԪԪռ乥λģ
Բò룬ٵ߻ԪģǲǺڌIۣǸ֮ӳĴħͷ
޲Tʱ䣬ҪڴϻľһɣиĻԪռ䱻𡣡Զ޲T˵
ǣϡ޲TӦ
΢̧üžʵϣô֪лԪռ䱻ݻٵģݻٳ߻Ԫģʲôˣ
ʱȷȷĴ𰸣һ㡣޲T˵
ãʱǲҪ޲T˵ںڌI۵顣

뿪ԻԪ˹ԨԪ
ԨԪĻԪͨڵ㣬һʿס˾ԡ
ʲôˣԨԪʲôԨԪʿѯʾİ׵ݡ
ǾԣԻԪĻԪ֮ԨԪԨۡЦŻӦԷ
Դۣǡһʿܿ˾Եݣһɫ˲䡣
ûãԾͼ˹Ԩۡ
񣬾Դ۵ȫԪǼڸάԪռ䣬һЩѰߣ֪λĻԪ뢡
ڵִﹱԨ۾סʱ򣬹ԨԳԾӭġ
ԨּۣˡЦŶԹԨ۴к
ԴҹԨԪҹԨԪԡԴۣ롣Ԩ뾰ڡ
ڣ˫
Ԩ˵Դۣ˵ʵҲȥԻԪݷ㡣ֻδУҹԨԪˡ
ԻԪӭԨ۵áЦ˵
Ƭ̣һЩ๧άķϻ
󣬾ɫһԨۣ˴㣬󡣡
Դ˵Ԩ۾һУȻ˵
Ԩ֪ˣȻܽԨ
ҪԨһЩֱ֡ӵ
ԨϢһ
ԴӦּ֪ΪϡڹԨԪڣҲѻáǲۡңԪĻԪ֮ԴҸˡ
ȻˣҺԸ뾰Դ۽ѡԴҪ֣ǻᾡ㡣
֪ԴۣҪ֣Ԩžԡ
šԳţǿԣʮɣ
ԨϵЦݣʱסˡ
ʮ
Ԩ۾Լǲˡ
Դۣ˵ǡҪ٣ԨΪȷԼûʵ
ҪʮɣԨۣÿ΢Ц
Ԩĺһ
Դۣ֪ԨԪԪռ䣬ռһ֪ռһ֣ҪٴΪ𣿡Ԩ۵۾
Ҫǰŵͼ۴ƽֵľԴۣԨۿѾˣ
Ԩֺۣ֪ѻáԵͷ˵룬ʮ֣Ԩܴճġ
ҪǣԸԼŷɵ빱Ԩ۽֣룬ԨԪҲҪŷġĿһ
Լһֵļֵʮ߰˿൱


3699 
ԨԸֽŷҲԸԶԵȵļֵн
Դۣ˼ǡԼŷҹԨԪ֣ԨĿ΢΢һ
Ǵ⡣Цŵͷ
ԨۣȷʵҲҪõŷɵ
ǼŷھԴۺճ֮ǰŷѾܾˡǴ뽻Ԫ׿ջԪļŻԪûмŷ档
ɵ֣ǿԡֻǣһԨžԡ
˵ʵʮ֣ԨǿԴճġûУҲҹԨԪľͷһճ
۸ʣԨ۲뾰Խ
οͨνףһЩ뾰Դ۵ĹϵԴȻᣬʵǿ
ԨۣҾֱ˵һһÿԣǾͽԵ
һ֣һʮʮżŷԲûйѹԼıۡ
෴ԸĶһùԨռ˲Сıˡ
ԸıۣԨ۵ʱ
Դ۳ҲͲŤŤˡһҵԤڡԨ۵
ԴۣҪʮֶ԰ɣԨʵ
ԣʱҪʮ֡Եͷ
ʮеʮһʮһɼŷҲǣʮ֣һһٿһʮżŷԨ˵
ԣ˵
ԵϣԨ۶һһЩŷ
ΪվԱĶһŷļ۸ϣƼŷĳɱҲͱ߳һ㡣ԣԨҪļŷԽ࣬ԾԾԽ
Դۣе֣ûôࡣ㲻õģһЩʱ䣬ҿ׼áԨæ˵
ԣ͹ԨˡңڹԨԪȺ򡣡Цŵͷ
Ԩ۲δþԵ̫ã˰ʱ䣬ͽִ롣
˫
Եõʮ֣ٿһʮżŷ
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죡
õֺ󣬾뿪ԨԪԨۣԽͳԼĻԪռ䡣
Ԩ۵ľ
ϣһ뾰Դ۵Դǿռ˲СıˡһԨµĻԪۣϲı˵
ţλԴۣеҪô򽻵Ԩ۶νףΪ⡣
ϣٿһʮżŷ֣ɲ١һԪ۵
ûһɵǻԪϴİЩҩҲó൱һָ֣λԨۿˡ
лϣ
л϶£

ԨµĳԱϲԨ۵лЩԨԪľͷƽﻹܹһЩֵģŷɵҪõѶȾҪöࡣ
˵ܹõǼ۸̫̫ˡ޻ԪȻ˵ȴ˵һȴļ۸

뿪ԨԪûзؾԻԪǰ޻Ԫ
޴˵Դ۵ãҲӭӡ
ԾԵ̬ȣǰӿӾͼ۽ֹ޴۶ԾԣЩľη
Դۣ֪ңʲô飿޴ԼסĹѯʾ⡣
޴ۣ޻ԪһЩ˵ԵԼ⡣
ԲڹԴ棬˷̫ʱ䡣ԣ˵ûйĨǡ뾡õЩԴûȥ
ԴҪ˵޴üëһ¡
⵱ȻǿԵģ޻Ԫ˵һֱǶġ޴۽˵
ǾͺãԵͷ룬޻Ԫٿ˵
ٿ˵⡭޴ü
Ҫĵҩ޴۵Ԥϡ˵ƣҲǷǳѵġ޻Ԫĵʦһ¯˵Ҫٵʱ䣬ɹʻȽϵ͡
Ԫڶ˵ͬǷǳ
޴ۣҿ߼ŷ˵Լ޴üЦЦ˵
Ҫ˵޴۵ˣȻҲҪŷЩɵЧͻʱศɡ
˫ԼӵеԴȱٵԴ˫Ӯ
Դۣ㡭ôļŷ˵𣿡޴һ¡
Ҫ˵ȻҲǷǳ׵顣ٿɵƣǿǷǳӴĹƳ֪ҪķѶʱ䡣
޴ۻɾжɵֻ


3700 ֪
޴ۿžԣľԴҪװǡ
޴һ飬Ժܿ׶Էе뷨
Ц޴۲صģмŷĴӦԶһٿ˵
˵޴΢΢һ㶣Цһ
ԴۣΪζһ޴ۺܿʵ
һһһ˵Ǽŷһȶһ˵Ի˵
ĶһھԿǱȽϹƽġ
˵ͬεɵɵߵЧҲ൱ŷЧҪǿһЩؼ֮ǣŷڻԪֵӦһЩ
һżŷһ˵
ԴۣͲ˰ɣ˵ͼŷǻԪĵһżŷȻ޷һ˵޴Ц˵
޴ǾöһŷʣǿԶһٿ˵ȫһҲС˵
ԲǿԼŷһ޻Ԫ˵
Ǻǡ޴۷Ц
žԣ˵
޴ǼΪˡ
ռ˵飬ȥ
Ҫǣ޻Ԫڣһ档¹ϴۻŵʱ޴ͨ¹ϴ۵Ĺϵ¹ϻԪ򵽲
˵˾ǣ޴۶󣬲ǺƤС
Ǿ޻Ԫ޴۽ɵ
ţ˵˵иǿҵżҲż
޴۴ʱ˼
޴ۣζһȽϺã΢п޴ʵ
Դۣ˵Ͳ̫ˡϾǾԴŵġ޴ҡҡͷ
Գ
Ƭ̺󣬾һ˵ɣʮһٿżŷٿ˵
޴ۣ޻Ԫ㽻ҩǱźܴġ
ʽ׺㲻㣬޴ӦҲ˵
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ʮɲһСĿǶάά켫֮˵ʮҲǷǳĶˡ
ʮ㹻ܶˡ
޴¶һǵı顣
Լʱ䡣
˵Դۣ˵ƵġҵĻԪռ䣬ֻһɵʦ˵ȥλ˵ɵʦһ¡
ԣûġԵͷ
޴΢Цȥ˵ɵʦˡ
ٿ˵뾰Դ۽ʮһٿżŷ˵ʵ޴ǱȽ⡣
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ʱ֮޴ۻص˾Եǰ
ռԣ޴۵Ͼ¶һΪѵı顣
ȳ̾Ϣһ
Դۣò̫ɰ޴˵
ôˣʵ
˵ĿˡóٿŸԴ㣬޻Ԫ߿ܾҪû˵ˡ޴ۺΪѵӣҡͷ
ü
ԴۣҸǺ˵㽻ͼŷġֻǡЩΪѰ޴ۼ˵
ϣ޴ۺΪѡȴǲԷ۾صɡ
޴ۣ϶ܹóٿ˵ġңҲ뽻
ʱ̬ǻ뾰ּۻ۰ˡ
ʵǲڴ˷ʱ䡣
ðɣ޴ۣʮһٶʮżŷ㽻ٿ˵Ե޴ۣҵĵˡ룬ҲӦÿˡ
ԴˡȻԴ˵г⣬ΣҲ׼ٿ˵ˡ޴üЦտ˵
޴ۣǿϲ
ʽף׬ˡ
һٶʮżŷֵ൱ڶʮ˵Ҳ˵ʽУװ׬һٿҵ
붼ú
Դۣȥ׼Ҫ˵㣬Сס죬һᾡٿ˵޴Ծ˵
ãˡԶ޴۹˹֡

һ֮С
ϣװɣνף׬١һԪ۶޴˵
ٿ˵ʮһٶʮżŷ
ŷ̫̫õʱ䣬ùɵˡһ۾˵
޴µһȺˣ޴ۿе֪˴νףһҲϲԽ
ȵȣһԪȴͻȻ
ϣǾԴۣΪżǽ˵ʵ
ȱ˵ּЦ˵ҿǷǳҪõ˵ȻûҪ޻Ԫ


3701 ̫̰
һ㣬û˵Զ˵ȷʵȽС
ʮ˵ǣ޴Ŀ˵ʮۡ
ʮΪ޴ĸ䱾һά켫֮ĻԪۣ޻Ԫڶߡ
ϡʮ޴۹˹֡
ǵĻᣬѵõĻᡣΣ¾Ҳû׾ԵĻˡʮ˵
ǾãԵĳ۵ˣ޴һ
ǵ̫ͣˡʮЦЦ
ϿνռһЩˡǣһ⡣ԼҪ˵Ϊ˻˵ӦøĴۣǸҩļֵ
˵ֻ޻ԪܹΪӦȥκεط޷õ˵
ϣֻҪ⾰ķǳҪ˵Ǽ㸶ĴۣҲһѡǽסʮ¶թЦݡ
ʮԺе
ֻǣѾӦˡٿ˵ʮһٶʮżŷ޴ü˵
׼ȻδɣǾͲǽɣܹҵġʮЦ
߼۸񣬻᲻ἤŭԣ˵ġ
ŭԣΣλǾ⾰Զ޻Ԫʲôø𣿡ʮЦ
ֿ޴۵ϣΪ޻ԪĹϵΣ
޴ҡҡͷ
޴Ҳ뾰ԸͲѵĹϵΰﶯԲ֪ܲǰϣԻֱҪս޴Ե
ûҪλᣬǾԸĴۡҪٿ˵ͱóļŷһٶʮżŷԶԶ޴صͷ
ϣӦҪټŷ˳ʵ
š޴Щԥ
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ٿżŷԶٿ˵ˡʮۣҪԸĲٿżŷҪٿһʯԴ
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ţǾôˡڣȥҾ̸޴۶˵Ƚٿ˵׼á
ǣ
ףӦһԵ˷ܡ

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Դۡ
ٴμ档
ٿ˵޴׼𣿡Կ޴ʵ
޴̾Ϣһ
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ԴۣѾһЩˣճٿ˵Ȼ˵Ҳޡٿ˵ܹճҲҪʹ˵
ԴۣʵǱǸҪĵһʱ䣬Ƴ˵רŴ㡣޴˵
޴ۣǾͲҪȦˡҡͷ˵ҵĳۣǲȻò⣿
Դ۲ҪᣬʵҶĳۺˡֻǣµһЩԱлԪڵһЩԱЩ޴ۿžԣЦ˵
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ٿٿżŷ޴ζԾָ
ɫһ
еŭЩƲסˡ
޴ۣʵ̫һЩˣ̫̰ˡ
֮ǰѾһμۣҲӦˡΣٴεۣһþ޷ܵļ۸
ԣҲǵ͹޴۵˵̰
ԴۣٿٿżŷõóɣֻҪóЩҩٲһЩʯܴ̾ճٿ˵޴˫ĿŹžԡ
ʽɣ޴ܻõ棬ɾˡ
޴ۣ۸޷ܡԾܾ
ԴۣٿǿǡͼŷԼܹƵɵֻҪ㹻ĲϣƳ˵Ļƺֻܴ޻Ԫ򡣡
ʽףϿƺǳһСӸĲοԴܵõӦǸġ޴΢Ц˵
ʮһٶʮżŷ޴ۣܹףǾͽסǲܣǾˡ˵
ԴۣҷѾ˵ˣıۣȷʵܽܡ޴۴Цһ
޴ۣþԻʽסʮ˵ֻҪԼҪõ˵ǾͻܽףвԸ⡣


3702 Ц
Ѿûм̸ȥıҪˡվ
Դۣ˴뿪޻Ԫ´ٻʱҾͲܱ֤ǵĽ׿Դˡ޴۲Ųæ˵
֮Увζ
˼ǣ˴ξԲܽף´Ҫ׵ĻҪߵĴȡٿ˵
Цһ
޴ۣϣ㲻ΪյľڡԿ޴˵
Դ۷ģҿ϶ǲڵġ࣬Ϊûܹ뾰Դɽ׶еϧ޴Ц˵
ʧܣ뿪޻Ԫ
˵ʵ뿪޻ԪʱʧͬʱҲܷŭ
Ϊ˵õ˵ԿԶึһЩۡǣⲻڣԻΪ˵޴׸

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޴üҡҡͷ˵Բļ۸񡣡
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һġҲµûΪֻҪҪ˵͵ûǡʮʮƶ˵
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ϲţǵ˵ֲҡ㾰ԲˣʵҲûʧʮ˵
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ھ뿪޻Ԫ󲻾ãһѶϢǴ˰άԪռ׿ջԪ
޴ۣˣѶϢ˕׿ջԪ
޴۹˵޴۾ܾˣ׿մЦ
޴ۣ𣿡׿մһҲЦ˵
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ϣѾ̽ˡԴۣ֮ǰȷʵǰ޻ԪҪٿ˵뿪޻Ԫʱûд޻Ԫ˵һԪ۸ոսԕ׿մ˵
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ȻˣԪռԴµ̬ȣҲǵ˳֡⣬ʲô¡࣬һЩ˰ԾԳЦһЦŷûܴ޻Ԫ˵
ϢĴ޴ۺǸˣΪͨ£ȫԪˢһ
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ΪҪ˵ͱ㹺򣿡УһЩ˸
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ü
Ӧ޻ԪųϢڣҶ֪޻Ԫ˵ʧˡ޲T˵
ɫ
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ϣ޴̫ɶˡˣ˶ġǰҸ¹ϴ۵ʱ򣬶û޴˲Ҫ޲Tŭ˵
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ţ޲Tһ£ϣ˵Ҫһ˵
һ˵ʲôģԴҪһ˵ʲô


3703 Ƶ
Ϊ˾Σ˵ô
ԣҪһšԵͷ
ǰϵõ˵ĿˡȻҪ޲T˵
ϣﻹ˵޲TȡԼ˵
޻Ԫ˵ǶԪ۵ģٲҼ۸񰺹󣬵άԪľͷǿͨһЩõ˵ġ
޲TϾ˵
һž͹ˡֻһš
Ҳûа޲T˵ȡͼŷ͸޲T
޲TȻϾԴҪһ˵кãҲûʡԴûбķԸ޲T˳˴
ڣԽ˵֮ϡ
޴ۣұ뽫ġΡܵ͡
ûԴ㷴Ƴ˵ĵȻ޻Ԫ˵ͽ˵ƳȻԼƴɵ
ƵȻǷǳѵ飬˵ɵҪͨҩƷƳѶȸΪֲ
ȻԵδ켫ʱ򣬾ƾȱƵ˵ʦ飬ȴδ
ͻһЩʱ䣬ԿС
ҪƵһ͵ȷ˵ҪĲϡһѶȵǲʵкܶߡɵʦ˵ɵòϣ֪˸š
ԿԸѾ˵òϣټԼķ˵ȫϡ
ʱš
չ״̬ľԣȫľڷ˵档
һٶʱ䣬ȷ˵ȫϡ
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֪˵ƵĲϺһǿʼˡ
ⲻɱһķζḶ́ҪķѴĲϡֻҪƵһľͶֵһᡣ

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ˣǰǾҪ˵˽ˡ
һɴϣϴҳϡƳˣӽ˽
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ţǴġ˽ʮԪռɣһλнԴĴۡǵִȼԴ齨Ԫͨһ¡ϵͷ˵
סҳ΢Ц˵
ɴڲú˽
ϵˣǰԼĻԪռ䡣ʹûԪִͨｹԴԪ
Ӿ뿪˽Ҳǹ˲̵ʱ䡣
ڸԪռ䣬һ糣һԺ͵ڶԻԪķչ׳Ҳ¡Ȼ뿪ˣԪռ䣬δ˶ԾԴ۵ĻԪռ䷢ѡ
ԴҲǱȽϹվԵԪռ䡣
Ҳ֪ԴˡʦԴ뿪ˣԴʦ
ʦЦЦ
ԴǻǶ֪ء
ϣԴۻġʦ˵
ţԴۿ켫֮ߡ¹ϻԪҲǿ߰ɡ¹ϻԪԾԴۣҲ̫ΪѵİɡԴͷ˵
ô˵뷨ˡǵʶþԴۿ׶༪ˡ
ʱʦͻȻɫ䡣
ϣˣʦոսӵӻԪͨڵ㴫ѶϢ
ţʲôˣԴϢ΢΢һʵ
ǿߣ٣ʦ
仰ԴɫҲǶȻһ䡣
¹ϻԪǿ˽߾Դ۵ʱǽӵƵϢⲿǿ߽١
ôôǿ߽٣Դơ
һӴɴڲúԴĹ⡣
Դǿߣӭӡ
ԴҲʦ˸ԪռĻԪ֮ѶǸϵԴԪ
վڹΧԴӰӴޱɢſֲɴϻɳ
֪͵ʧԶӭˡԴͷ
ⲿԪռ˽ǿߣǵʵһǳǿΪʵǿģһ㲻ɻԪաңոյˣɴҲǽԴⱲ߼
¿ǽԴϿŽԴʵ
ǽԴԴæӦ
Դؿϰ˰֣Ц˵˲ҪԴ֡
ţ
ôԴ΢΢һ
˵̬ȣýԴЩʼϲҳϺͳƳʱǿǰԵúܰ


3704 ˵
ϵ̬ȣýԴһʱЩ֪롣
ԴСĵ̧ͷ
վҳϺͳƳϵʱͫȻһ
֪˽һԪռ䣬ȻΪҳϺͳƳϡ
ˣԴҲ֪϶ȻҲ¹ϻԪ
Դ̾ʶԼ˵ˣλҪҴۡƴ˻Ҫ߳ܶࡣΪҴۺͳƴۣվ󣬱鹧
¹ϻԪԴСĵ˵
ȴЦҡͷ˵¹ϻԪʷˡ
ֻоԻԪˡϼ˵
ʲôԴ΢΢һ㶣һʱЩûӦ
¹ϻԪѸΪԻԪȫԪֻоԻԪû¹ϻԪԴҵݣǾԻԪҩڵϡ϶ԽԴ
Դһ
⵽ô£
¹ϻԪΪʲôΪԻԪ
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ԴҪ˽˽޽ͨԻԪĻԪͨϿŽԴһȺˡ
⡭Դٴһޱȵϡ
ϣ˵ľԴۣ˽λԴ𣿾Ҵۡƴλ˽ߵľԴۣԴš
λԴۡصͷ
Դ뵽֮У˫̸á
˽򵽾ԻԪĻԪͨԴԲܾԴҲûлϵĻΪ˵ʵûбҪ˵һЩѻƭԴ˽
Ϣ˽ԪռΪ֮𶯡
Ԫռ˵ǿ߽˽ʱ򣬴һܵģ֪ʲô鷳ǡϢȴھ޴Ĵ֮󣬱˷ܼ
ԴҲԵķԸǰ˽ڵĵһԻԪԵ˺ѡԴԴȥĵһԻԪ
ϣԴ۵˰ѩ߷ˡңԴ˰ѩС

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ջĿ⿴ǰɫ¯
¯Կе˵
ֱۣ򿪵¯һ¯ڵһŵҩ˳
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ˣ

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3705 ˵
ڻԪڲɹ̫ǾȥԪռɹ
ԻԪ뽻ԪȶлԪͨɹҲȽϷ㡣
޲TüЩԥĵϣЩϼֵߡ᲻ᡭ᲻΢ôһ˷ˣ
⼸ǧʱԺķѵĲϣֵһǳ˵֡
ͳƳίʵЩˡ
ڣԴ۲ҪڻԪڲɹϣҪȥԪɹĲϡ
޲TãԼбҪȰ˵һ¡
޲T仰ЦЦ
޲TصģǺܿͿӯˡ㣬ֻȥɹǡ˵
޲TӦ

ǰٷְٵĳɹʡƼŷǰٷְٵĳɹʡ˵Ȼǰٷְٵĳɹʡ
ȿֲĳɹʣ޻Ԫʦ޷ġ
˵ҩڣҲĵǰҩĳɹʾͺܵͣʮ¯һ¯޷ɹ
ҲΪˣĵҩ۸ޱȵĸ߰ϡ٣Ѵĳۡ
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˵֮һ¯ҩҲҪһʮʱ䡣һ꣬ƶʮ˵һǧš
Ȼ˵ĲϲɹҪʱ䣬ϾЩϴ඼ȽϺ
һ
ʱ򣬾Ƴһǧ˵
УԴٿԼʹáµģһָ޲TԱһԪľͷߡ
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ڣ޲Tһµ񡣡Ц˵
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ˣ޴ۺ
С˵Լٿ˵ҵҪܲõóҪ˵Ǽ١ңȥԻԪòô˵Ǻǡ޴۵ͳ˵Цһ

Ԫľͷ½ִﾰԻԪ
޲TԴۣӴЩԪͷвٸάԪĻԪ֮Ե
Щһͬ⣬Ǿôд˵
ǧǰǻ˵޻Ԫ˵ʧܡ⼸ǧȥԴȴҪ˵ˡ
ǰı仯̫һʱ⡣
ѵ޴۰˵ԣȻֽЩ˵ó
Ҳѽ͵ͨΪʲôҪô˵׬ȡۣ⼸ǲܵ顣޴ۼ˵ԣ۸Ҳһĸ߰Ǹ߰ļ۸׬ȡȥЩԪֲɵӣܲϧȥ
޴ۣ˶˵ԣҹھԻԪ˸ոյִ޴ۣɫʵ


3706 ῪЦ
ҹ仰޴۵Ȼ
ԣ׿ջԪΪ޻Ԫ˵ԻԪ
޴ۣ˰Ԫۣһ߳޴˵
޻Ԫ˵ǧѡܸǣ޻ԪҲû˵档ڣ㾹ܹó˵Դۡ
ǺǣԴԼòô˵ҪȻҲóٿŶˡ˵
޴ɫˡ
ΪԴ˵޻Ԫ˻߻Ԫռ䣬ȻǕ׿ջԪһԪռ䣬ҲĿ
ҹϴЦݣЩơ
޴۽˵ʧܺ޴ۻרŽϢ˕׿ջԪ˼׿ջԪĻԪ֮׿մۣصعע£ϢڶάȻԪռ䣬ΪþԶ
鷭ת׿մ۵ɶܵӰ졣
λ޴˹˹֡
Ųţе˵Ǵйġ޴Ӳ˵
Ҳ֪Ծεõ˵ģ
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ʵ׿ջԪȻԪռ䣬µĿҲȷֻ벻ͨΪʲôͻȻӵд˵˵ǻԪĵ֮һɲܹƳġң˵ĵֻ޻Ԫļ˲֪
ǶѾ˾ԻԪԴֻ޲Tкǣʲô˼ҹۺǲ˵
ҹ۲żԻԪǿˡǵȾԴ۰žǡ뽻Ԫ۴˽
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ҹҲЦŵͷ

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Դۣ˵𣿡Ԩһԣ̲סʵ
ԿԨۣͷ˵û˵ҶⷢϢƭңҾԿûùӳԣλѶǻԪ뢣ȫԪòĴڡǶҲҵ鷳ɾ̫ˡ
Դˣ
ͼ۲еǿߣǿɲҶʲô
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λ԰ꡣЦЦ
ǰȷʵ޻Ԫ˵ֻǣ޴۶ԽЩ޴۲δɺԻ˵
һ֮󣬱Լ˵ںķһЩʱ;֮Ƴ˵ΪƳ˵Щ࣬ʱòꡣԣҾԪռĵѣҲҪ˵ɵ֮λѾҵľԻԪԵĿ⿴ڳˡ
ھԻº޴̾ʹЦһ
ԴۣῪЦ޴Ц˵
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⻰ǰìܾ̫ˡ޻ԪصԼĻԪռ䣬Ҳǧʱ䡣ǣķǧʱ䣬о˵ĵ޴ҡͷ
ʵˡȷе˵ǧʱ䡣ԵȻ
޴ִЦ
Դۣ˵ô׾оҲᵽֻ޻Ԫ˵ˡ
ȻԴҲоһֵҩ룬һ˵һ˵ƵɵЧһ޷޻Ԫ˵ȵġ
ĻԴۣǲܽԼоɵ˵Ϊ޻Ԫ˵ɲõӰ졣ҵ뾰Դ㣬ΪԼоĵҩһ֡޴ĳ˵


3707 Ч
޴˵Ļ˼ΪƳĵҩ˵Ӧһµĵҩ
Ȼ˵ȻͲ֮ܳΪ˵
޴۵ⷬڵ˶ü
üǶ޴۲Ƕ޴ⷬȽͬΪҲ̫ž˶ݵʱо˵ĵҼо˵Ҫٿ˵ڲϳ£ǧʱҲԶԶġ
ԪȻ޷˵ôʱǻ֪˵ɵѶȵġ
ԴۣƳĵҩǲ˵޻Ԫ˵ȣЧܴﵽ֣ͼüžʵ
ͼԪĻԪ֮ͼۣ˴Ҳˣλʵӽά켫֮ǿһڣ˱㶼Ŀԡ
ͼۡȶ԰ͼЦЦ
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֪ڴ֮ǰ˵һֱ޻ԪΪ޻Ԫ֮⣬ԪռܹƳ˵ҩҪ˵˵޻Ԫרӡ
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Ƕġ޴ۻ㲻Ҫżȵҽ˵ꡣ΢΢һЦ
Ƴ˵ЧϣҪ޻Ԫ˵΢ǿһ㡣ƴ˵ĹУһЩϸ΢ķ֣˲ֲϣô˵ߵİ΢ǿһ㡣Ц޴˵
ʲô
ⲻܣ
Ҳš޴ЩƲסԼˡ
ڳˣеҲǲ̫žԵĻ
ЧΣ֤һ¾֪ˣ˵棬ұλѣһ֤ͬҾԻԪ˵˵䣬һ֣һƿС
ƿڣһƳ˵λѣԸⳢһ£Ŀ⿴ˡ
ڣð
໥ӣһʱ䵹ǽסˡ
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ͼۣҸұ֤Բ޻Ԫ˵Ԩصĵ˵ͷ
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˵
ԲƳ˵ԣⵤҩض⡣޴תʱĿɨԡ
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۾ʱ䣬û˵
ԨۣҩЧΣ뽻Ԫۣʵ
ʲôԨۣ˵˵Ҳ̲סߴ١
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ղţڻζ˵Ч
ʹ죡ʹ죡ⵤҩЧԨһ˵һҡͷ
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ãǳԴ˵һ㶼û˵ЧҪ޻Ԫ˵һЩԨվ֣ص˵
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Դۣ˵ۼΣһЩȥԨһתͷʵ
֪ˣ֪ˣ޴ȴǼһָŹԨۺԨһǱˣԣʹͨڰƭǣ


3708 
޴ҲǼʧǡ
빱Ԩ۴ͨԼٵҩƭԪ뢣Ȼǲܵ顣
ЩȫԪ֮ֻҪõҩ׾ֱܹԻԪ˵١Ҳ˵ܾԺ͹ԨƭЩ˵뷨Ҳʵ֡
޴ۣҩҳԣ˵ɫһȵ
޴۱һܿ˹֪Լʧ˷ִ硣
Դۣ˵۸Σͼʵ
ͼ۵ˣȻǲ̫⾰ԴܹôݵʱƳ˶˵ԨѾ֤˵ҩЧǽҪעľǾԻԪ˵ļ۸
λ
ҾԻԪ˵ûй̶ļ۸񡣡
еѶҾԻԪ˵Ȥ˵
Դۣ˼ǣ
ֻҪλóʵԴＴɡһλṩԴѡȡ֣Ȼλܹһٿ˵˫⣬ôɽˡЦЦ˵
˵ڳˣ޴֮⣬϶¶Цݡ
Դۣǰ㴫Ϣ˵˴ٿ˵԰ɣͼֳ
ûٻٿ˵ҸȤıһ˵Զ԰ͼ۵˵ͷ
ǻʲôԴۣҴ˴Ҳ˲ٺöȿûܹ۵ġ˵䣬ȡԴͻԪ챦
絽ΣóֵĶȻʲôƷˣҲǸˡ
óƷÿһ˵ǾƷһЩԼõϣһЩԼòϵҲԸߵá
ʵϣ˵̣ԿԶͼЩˡϾʱ仹̡ܶͼ۵ˣеǴӻԪ֮ǰڣǵĵס
ȻˣҲûӡ
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ĿɨһȦ󣬻ӳһвƷֵһࡣ
ۣЩԶһʮ˵ΣԿʵ
ĿһЩ
ԴۣȷЩŵӡ
ȷԸ⣬ھͿɽסԵ˵ͷ
ȻǺԸ⽻ףǡԴۣ᲻̫Կˣ۵ЩľԳԿ̫ˡ
ѡĲƷȻҲȽ󣬵ۿǵļֵԶԶﲻʮ˵Ǹ̶ȵġ
۲ΪҵģԿ⣬ҿɲ˵ʱȡһƿʮƿݸۡ
ۣҪҪҲ˵۽ӹƿۿ˵
ۣƺЩŷŹԨ۵鵤
ۣҲԿõҩ󣬶а㲻˷ѡԼ¶ԥ֮ɫ˵
ҲԣЦЦ
ȷʵҲһ¾ԻԪ˵
ϥԵ
ã˵繱Ԩ˵ԴƵ˵޻Ԫ˵ЧһЩ۳˵
ǹԨԵԵˣԾԻԪ˵޻ɡ
Դۣ쿴ЩûиȤġԨǽԼĺö˳ھԵǰ
һֳ֣еĲֱ
ԨۣѡЩԴԻʮ˵ԶԹԨ˵
Կԣʮ˵Һ⡣Ԩͷ
Դۣҵġ
Ҳв亱
ˣһңԴۣȿҵĶвȫԪΪĲϺͱͼͻȻ˵ѹȥ϶ЦݣԾ˵
˵ͬʱǽԼռ䱦ڵԴ˳
һѵĸԴѻһ
λȫԪӽά켫֮ĻԪۣóԴȷʵ˶ȲϵġϣԨ۵óԴ޷ͼȡ
ͼۣⲿԴҪɨƷ󣬷ֳ˲֣˵ЩΪԶһһٶʮ˵
ͼۿ˿ԷֳȥƷü
΢ֿ˵ԴۣĽռˡ
ͼˣǹƽףֻҪ˫Ը⣬Ͳռ˵һͼۣҲþԼҪǷ顣֪ͼʲôЦ˵
ãͼ۽һá
ʱͼû˵ĻѴںֶ뾰Ժ


3709 ̫۸
ͼ۵ȻҲ֪׿մ۵ԾԴۡ
ںֶ˥ڵ֮󣬕׿մ۵˶ȻӦж⣬ֶ󣬾ԴۿܺҵܺĻԪۡ
һںֶû˻ǺܿԶ޷ˡ
ʱİͼǾܵʱΣڽֶ뾰Դۺ
ԴۣĽף˵ĳɱɣ޴һԿ˺һᣬ̲סеĻ˵˳
˵Ƴɱ޴Ǻġ
޻Ԫ˵ۼ۷ǳ߰Ҳ׬ȡ˺Դǣ˵ƳɱȷʵҲǷǳ߰ġ˵ĽףþԼջسɱҲ׬ʲô
һ㣬޴۾ͲΪҲˡЦЦ˵
޴ɫһڡ
Խ˵ۼôͣ޻Ԫ˵Ժ𣿳ǣ޻Ԫ˵ļ۸
ԣǹģ
ҵҪܳŵʲôʱҾͲţһֱ˵
½λԪ۽סÿһʽУԻԪ˵ļ۸񣬶Ա˵ǳĵ뾰Խ׵ĻԪۣһԽ׶ǳ⡣
λѣ˴εٿ˵ѾòˡԳ˵
ҿԷģҾԻԪԺҲ˵Լ˵
Ժһ᲻ڵ֯ڼ۸񣬾θߡ¶Цݵң˵١Ժһ޲TλһҪĲϡλԼԪռЩϣҾԻԪ
Դ۷ģõ󣬻ȥѼЩϣȻ˽͵ԻԪ
ţҲô
ֻϣԴܹƸ˵ǡ
ԴҲͼŷǾ͸ˡ
˷׷׿˵
λѣ˵ԺҲġңλ̫áЦ˵
ԴۣҲһЩ˵޴ͻȻڣԾЦ˵
޴һڣ˱㶼תĿ
ԣҲ޴ۡ
޴ۣ޻Ԫܹ˵Ͳҹ˰ɣ˵
Դۣ˵ĵҩȻǶơ޻Ԫ˵Ч̫ͣޡܴӾԴйһЩ˵޻Ԫ档޴Ƥܺ
ҲԡԵͷ
޴ۼԵͷдۡ
ܿ죬̾ȡԴھǰڴĿžԡ
޴ۣóЩҾÿԶһʮ˵ı˵
ʲô
ʮ˵
Դۣ˵˰ɣЩܹһһٿ˵ɣ޴˵
վԸղͼ۵˵Ľ׿޴óЩ㹻һٿ˵ġ
ҡͷ˵޴ۣӦûǣǧǰȥ޻Ԫ㹺˵ɣǰգʱ˵ı۹ļ۸ҵ˵ȻǲУ밴Լı㡣
㡭޴۾Բ
޴ۣҾþԴ˵úеȻԼΪ˵Ǹ۸ǾԴ۰˵ļ˵˵Դ۵˵޻Ԫ˵ЧһЩͼһ˵
ǵʱ޴죬촽޷⡣
޴ۣҪҪأԿ޴۵
޴һ֣óԴ
ףΣ
ʱ޴ۣܷŭΣˣ
۸˰
⾰Դۣ̫۸ˣ
˵˵ļ۸ôıˡ޴ۣȴǱ˵ʮ۸
ɶ񰡣

˵Ľ׻֮󣬰ͼ۵½뿪ԻԪ
޴ۣҲǻķŭίصԼ޻Ԫ
ϣΣ
޴µڶԪۣ֪޴ۻ󣬱㶼̸˹
ϣǾٿ˵𣿡
ĵҩ˵𣿡
ڻԪۣĶ޴ѯʡ
ľԣǹģңĶ޴ȴǴʡ
ڻԪ۶΢΢һ㶣ɻ޴ۡ
ãҵģ޴ҧгݵı顣
ȥԪе˵ռ޴´һ
ϣҪһԪ̧üʵ
޻ԪҲҪٰ˵׻ᡣţ̴ϢάԪϢ֮޻Ԫһ˵׻ٰ죡޴ɭɭĵ


3710 
ԻԪٰ˵׻ᣬ޴Ϊš
Ϊ޻ԪӰкܴһڶ˵¢ϡʧȥ˵Ӱ޻ԪΪȽƽӹάԪռ䡣⣬޴޷ܵġ
û˵޻ԪûȫԪ
ӾԻԪ֮޴۾˼һ⡣ԺάԪͻԪ뢶ԻԪ˵޻Ԫô죿
˼ǰ󣬶²ܾô֮֮ȡҪֶνз
η
ֶȻǲеģԴ۵Ϊӽά켫ͼ۶ڲ֮䡣ôЧֶΣƺֻʣ´˵ơ
޻Ԫ¢˵׬ȡ˺ԴƸ޴ۣҲȫԪ֮еĸάԪ֮һ
½άԪۣڲƸǲ޴ȵġ۸ս޴۱Ƚܹȡʤ
޴µˣ޴˵Ҫٰһ˵׻ᣬҲܿ޴۵Ŀڡ
ī֣ʱڣܹٿ˵޴ۿһīֵĻԪʵ
ϣǿ˵࣬˵ֻжٿҡҪӸռ˵ҪϸߵĴۣܻҪһʱ䡣īִ۶޴˵
ţִӸռ˵ǣһսϵ޻Ԫ޷ס棬Ժ޻ԪᱻԵÿһÿһ涼ܵӰ졣СóٿţǾó˰ٿ˵޴Ŀһ˵
ף̾ȥ¡īִӦһת뿪˴
ϣǾٰ˵׻ᣬ˵ļ۸ǲǻƽʱͺܶࣿһԪ۳ʵ
ţҪ͵ö࣡ǲ֪СӾٰ˵׻ᣬ˵ۼ۷ǳҵĹ㣬һⱾû١޴˵
Ȿ˶ü
ԣⱾ˵С쵰ǡĿģѾ֪޷Ǿ޻ԪӰǺǣҲóѵġ޴ЦһҵҪ˭Ц󡣡

޻ԪҪٰ˵׻᣿
д˵ڽ׻
޻Ԫ˵۸̫ˣ˵ԻԪ˵۸ܵЧҲ޻Ԫ˵һЩ
Ǻǣһ޻Ԫٰ˵׻ᣬΪԻԪ˵׻ᡣ룬޴ǲὫԼ˵̫߼۸ġ
޻Ԫ˵׻ᣬ˵Ӧûܶ࣬һЩάԪռ䣬յ޻Ԫ֪ͨ
޴Ǽˡ
ǶǺ°Խϵ͵ļ۸񣬹˵˵ߵУзǳ޴İʹ˵Ͳʹ˵УǴ󡣡
ûǰ˵СڵĻҲһЩˡ
άԪռάԪռ䣬½õ˴޻ԪϢ
ЩԪߣܸˡ
뽻Ԫ
޴ҲҪ˵׻ˣ뽴΢Ц
ţոϢ޻Ԫ޴ۣǱԴ۱Ƶİɣǰɴû˵׻ᡣǴ뽻ԪҪɹһЩ˵õءЦЦ˵
Ҳܹ⡣ǱˣҲһԳʧȥ˵Ӱ뽴۵˵ͷ
һ£˵Ȼ޻ԪҲ˵׻ᣬһˡ۸񲻱ȾԻԪ˵ߣҲһЩɣ
ǣϡӦ
˵ǻûŪԴ۵˵ǴʲôطõġƳ˵ȷʵ޻Ԫ˵ЧһЩ뽴ۻһת˵
ԴԳƵԼоġ˵
뽴ҡҡͷôʱڣо˵ǲܵ顣ҵǾãԴӦǴӱʲôطõ˵磬ŷһ
˵еֿȷʵ󡣡۵˶ͷ

ԻԪ
ϣ޴̲סˣҪѧǾٰ˵׻ᡣ޲TǰոջȡҪġ
ЦЦҡҡͷ˵ʱ޴۽˵ңͲôˡ
޴ۿ³Ӷˡ޴ۣ̫̰ˣ޲TЦ˵
޻Ԫ˵׻ᣬʲôʱʼ̧üʵ
׻ʱ仹ûȷҴ̽һЩϢ޴е˵ҪµĻԪۺͻԪռ˵ҪһЩʱ䡣룬Ҳüʮʱ׼ɣ޲T۾˵


3711 ˵
ϣ޻Ԫٰ˵׻ᣬǷӦʲô޲Tʾԡ
԰˰֣ϸֵЦá޴콻׻ᣬ˳˳İ졣ǵĽ׻ǾԻԪپٰڶ˵׻ᡣ
ǣ޲TӦ
ʱһԪ۴ӵ˽
ϣҩѹԪ
Ŷϻˣվ
ǧǰǲǰ˽޽˽򵽾ԻԪĻԪͨǹ
ʹûԪͨʱѻصԻԪϻ˵˽ľԻԪһЩͬϵˡԪ˵
ţȥ뿪˴
ӵ뿪˽¹ϻԪʱҲǲˡԣҲԼļˡ
ϴžԵˣǰԪ֮Դ۵ľ·ϱ˾ԡ
ϼԣæһɴϷɳԼ
ˡ˵
࣬һκɵó̡Ц˵
ѩ߷ˣҲɴϻɳ
ڻԪռڣһˣǲʹɴ·ġžԵˣʹɴǷö࣬ҲΪס
ǾˣϿ˿ԣֿ˿ѩˣתĿԾԵ
ãȻҩȥɡԵ˵ͷ
ԡ߷ͰѩŮǰ
סѩҲһ
߷Ͱѩ֮֮ǰȻǶҲȽţлһ㲻ȷ
ҲԭԴ˴δ˽ԻԪģֻи߷ѩ;ԵŮ;ѩԼ۵ٲˡԵĸĸͶӾƣûͬ
ǶԸ߷ѩο˼䣬ɵۡҹɵ۵Ⱥн̸
ʵɵۡҹɵ۵ˣҲѾ̤۲ˣǶԪ뾰ȣǵʵȻǼС˽ǿߡ˽ĻԪռ䣬һԪռҲû̫Ĵ۲ߡ
߷ѩ;ѩҲǰ˴۲ΡУǾѩʵǿѩ츳ϣõ˸׾ԵŴڳԴ£ǽӽСԲΡ
ߣǻȥ˵Զ˵
ã˶ͷӦ
ھ˽Լԭ¹ϻԪ顣ֻǽһţ˻þĶǣͬʱҲΪԸеˡ
ԺǱԪռаɣԪͨѽȥ˽򿴿Ҳܷ㡣Զ˵
á
Ԫռ䣬ĺǿ󡣵˽ܱȡ˵
֣˵ûȫڣԪռлǶˡЦ˵
ףάȵߣʵжǿѩһʵ
Ѿ֪׾Ǹά켫֮ߡǣάߵ֪ࡣ˽򣬳׾⣬ҲڶάȵߡԴ޸ۣάȶкܳ·Ҫߡ
ѩ⣬΢
˵ս˵ûʲô塣ѩֻܸ㣬ڵά֮󣬲ȫԪУһƬԼء
άߣ켫֮ߡ
úŬɣ˵
ǣסѩĵ
ǸոԪռ䣬˴߿΢Ц˵
޲T˹ҽ޲Tܸѩʶ
޲TڻԪռתһת˵
λʲôҪģֻ˵ǡңϾԴ۵Ĵܼҡ޲TĶ˵
޲Tһλά켫֮ĻԪۡԶ˵޲Tľ硣
ھԻԪڣ޲Tʵǳ˾֮ǿġ޲TŰѩˣȫϾҲġ

ʮ
ϣ޻ԪӰͨν׻Ϳˡīִ˷ܵĶ޴˵
īִ۵˵ķռ£׼˵˰˰ٿ֮ࡣ
ǰν׻ĸԪҲǳʮ֮ࡣ
в٣άάԪռĻԪ֮
ţ˵׼ˣ׻Ϳʼɣ޴Ŀ¶
ЩˣɶȵЩļءīִ˵޻Ԫٰ˵׻ᣬһܹԻԪٰ˵׻ȥ˻ף޻Ԫĵ̣ǾԻԪܱȵġ
ȻǾԲһЩˣȣˣԻԪǰμӽ׻᣿޴Цһ


3712 ССҪ
ϣԻԪμ޻Ԫ˵׻ᡣīִۻӦ
īִ۸˴ν׻֯ЩԪЩԪ۲μӽ׻ᣬǺ
û޴ü
Ҳ֪ĻԪռ䶼޻ԪĻӭûȤīִԲ
ţӦˡԻԪȻμӽ׻ᣬСһܹעǵĽ׻ᡣǺǣǾҪ֪޻Ԫ˵׻жôɹ޴Ц˵
ǣ˵׻ᣬٰ֮졣޴ֶīִ۷Ը
ϡīִ۵ͷӦ
ǰμ޻Ԫ˵׻ĻԪ֮Ԫۣīִ۰ס
Ϊ޻Ԫ˵׻׼ʱϳв˶ǵȵЩͷˡ
īִ۸ǣ֮׻ʽʼǵϲŶָЦݣīִ۵̬Ҳǻָ˿׽
׻ᣬҪʼˡ
һΪ޻Ԫ˵׻᲻ٰء
ҿʮ֮á
˵˴ν׻ϣг˰ٿ˵ǵһЩʱ䣬Ҳֵá
ڹĵǣ˵ļ۸ǰôҿ𡣡һά켫֮ĻԪҡҡͷ˵
϶ǰôˣǴҶȥԻԪҾԴ۹˵ˡ
֮Ǿ֪ˡ
˵ǻøлԴۡǾԴҲŪ˵ǿû򵽱˵˵
ڶߣһ̸˴޻Ԫ˵׻ᡣ
ʱ䣬һζ
ԸԪռߣۼ޴۵Ĺ֮ڡ
ԸάԪռ䣬άԪռ䡣
׿ջԪҹۣ˴Ҳǵ޻ԪϴξԻԪ˵׻ᣬҹ۲δ뾰Խ˵룬ǹϵ⡣ҹ۵ӲֵǮǕ׿ջԪֵǮ׿մ۵治
λѡ
޴ЦŹ˹ִк
޴ۣ
޵ѺáҲĻ
λѣޣܸлܹ޻Ԫ޴ƽ˵
޴ۿˡ
޻Ԫǵҡ
һס
޴ۣ˴޻Ԫ˵׻ᣬжٿ˵ҹۿ޴ʵ
ҹۣ޻ԪΪ˴ν׻ᣬ׼˰ٿ˵޴۶ҹ˵ֿˣλѿԷģֻҪԸ⣬붼ֶء
˰ٿ˵١ô޻Ԫ˵ļ۸أҹʵ
˴˵׻ϣ˵ۼۻܵ⣬ҲΪмһֱ֧޻Ԫ˵Ļ޴Ц˵
޴ۣȻˣǾͿʼɣ뽻Ԫ޴˵
۲Ҫż˵ϾͻῪʼ
˵֮ǰλһСС󡣡޴۾
޴ۣʲôҪ󣿡ʵ
ҵҪܼ򵥣ڴ˴ν׻Ϲ˵ĵѣԺ󶼲ԻԪ˵޴Ŀһ⡣
⣬ǽ˵׻ͷϷ
޻Ԫ˵׻Ϲ˵ˣԺֻ޻Ԫ˵ԻԪ˵
޴۵ⷬڳ˼ȫ˫ü
޴ۣ˼ǣǽ㹺˵󣬾ͲȥԻԪԴ۹˵ȷʵ
ˡ޴Ԫ۵˵ͷ
ǲЩף˭˵ǵȨ޴ôܶԴأ˲˵
λ˭˵λѵȨޣơǣ޻Ԫ˵˭ҾҲоȨ޴ۺȻ˵
Ȼҿұ֤Ժ޻Ԫ˵ϻӴӦλصԺ򲻵˵޴۲˵
޴۵ⷬûڳڶԪ⡣ˣ޴Ҫ󣬶ùˡ뵽˴ν׻а˰ٿ˵ֲ̫Ըʹ˷
˭֪λᣬ´λûлܹΪ˵ɵ
ͬ޴ҪֻѡμӴ˴޻Ԫ˵׻ᡣ۳˵
ۣάԪռ䣬֮С޴æ˵
޴ۣȻҲ޴ǼάԪռ䡣ԲںЩάԪռ䣬ܲںάԪռ䣬Ǵ뽻ԪȫԪһִȨİάԪռ䡣


3713 ٰ
޴۵˼ףάԪռ޻Ԫ˵ܵơ
ۣ޻Ԫλ˵ĻԪռǩЭ飬Ҫʹ뽻Ԫһ֤޴۽˵
üջǵͷ˵˫Ը뽻ԪԼ֤
޴ۣԻԪٰ˵׻ʱԴ۶ûҪλĻԪռǩЭ顣Ԩ˵
Ԩۣ޻ԪǾԻԪԴ޹ء뾰ԴҲ޹ءҷѾ˵úҲǿȴҹ˵ҲǿȴǩЭ顣뽻ԪҲһȫƾԸ޴ۿ˹Ԩһۣд˵
޴˵úˣԨ⣬Բ޻Ԫ˵ҹЦЦ
ҹ۱ĕ׿ջԪƫ޻ԪΪ޻Ԫ뾰ԻԪԡ
ˣôͲλѵıʱˡ
޴ۻ£һ֣ǰһƿ֡
ЩƿУռһƬСĵطЩһƿڣʢŵ޻Ԫ˵
а˰ٿ˵
Щ˵ȤĵѣóһмֵԴҽ޴΢Ц˵
ȡĽ׷ʽ뾰һ˵ļ۸ֻôóһƷ˫
޴˵֮ڳʮԪۣһʱȴû˳֡
ΪЭڡ
ﹺ˵ͲȥԻԪ˵
ҶôǫãɣƬ̺ҹ۳˵
˵仰󣬱ȡ˴ĸԴ
޴۷ֳҹȡĲƷ˵ҹۣЩԴɶһһٿ˵Σ
ҹЦԣ۸˵ȷʵǷǳı˰
ڳˣ޴۴ҹȡԴȡĲ֣ǲƷļ۸ҲһϵĹ㡣
м֮ɫ΢΢һ䡣
޻Ԫ˵׻ϵ˵Ǳ˵þ˰
޴۴˴γ۵˵۸ϲȾԴ۳۵˵߶١а޴ۣ˴ƴˡ
λѣ˵߰ٿšеѣ˵Ȥģ޴۾ˡ
޴ۣҪһЩһά켫֮ĻԪۣȡԴ޴˵
޴ۿ˿ȡĲϵЩϣɶһʮ˵ѣΣ
ԣͷĿ¶⡣
ǷǰóĲԴҲ˵ڣȴܶһʮ˵ܲ˷ܡ
޴ۣǽװɣ˵
ȵһ¡޴ȴ̧֡
۲ǻԪ֮ݣ֪ǷܹڵĻԪռ䣬Ժ󶼲ԻԪ˵޴ۿʵ
۳Ƭ̣صͷҿԴԪռ䡣
ãǾǩһЭɣ޴һ֣һƤֽС
ƤֽϵݣҪڻԪռԺԻԪ˵ڻԪռΥЭ飬Ҫ޻Ԫ⳥ٿ˵
ۿЭݺüһṦųĺһƤֽǩԼ֡
ڳ˶ǩЭ飬ڼ۸˵ǰʵԾܾջ
޻Ԫ˵׻ᣬеú˳
޴׼İ˰ٿ˵֮һաǰμӴ˴ν׻ĻԪۣ󲿷ֶ˵ҲֻۡԨ۵ȼ˲δ޻Ԫ˵
޻Ԫ˵ĻԪۣάԪ֮ˣǩ޴۵Э顣

ԻԪ
ϣ޻Ԫ˵׻Ѿˡ޲TµõϢ˾ǰ㱨
ţΣ̧Ŀʵ
޴˵۸ҲǷǳĵμǽ׻ĻԪۣ˵޴ҪЩ˵ĻԪۣǩһЭ顣޲T˵
ŶʲôЭ飿ʵ
ǹ޻Ԫ˵ĻԪռ䣬Ժ󶼲ǾԻԪ˵ΥЭ飬Ҫ޻Ԫ⳥ʮ޻Ԫ˵޲T˵޴ۣǺݶһֶΣҪжǾԻԪ˵Ⱑ
˵޲TҲ¶ŭɫ
ü˵޴ô͵ļ۸˵ġ
ϣôӦԣ޲Tʾԡ
šԳ
޲T㼴̴ϢҾԻԪ󣬾ٰ˵׻ᡣ˴ν׻ϣвһǧ˵


3714 
̴ԻԪٰ˵׻Ϣ
˴ν׻ϣԻԪóһǧ˵
Դ۵仰޲T۾ȻԲ
ǰԾͶ޲T˵޻Ԫ˵׻󣬾ԻԪٴξٰ˵׻ᡣǣ޲TȻΪǽ֮ŷ顣
ڣԴ۲Ҫٰ̾˵׻ᣬ˵óһǧ˵
һǧ˵
ϣھʹϢ޲TЩ졣
ԣڣȡԵ˵ͷ
һǧ˵޲Tʵ޷žԴлһǧ˵
޲TֻܽϢǡЦЦ˵

޴۵һֶΣĺ
Ҫ޻Ԫ˵ĻԪռ䣬ԻԪ˵
֪ԴۻӦԡ
޴۽ҪάȻԪԴУǾԻԪ͵ˡ
Դ۶ȻԴУϲԻԪӦúܿͲȡж
ܲȡʲôжʮǰԴ۲žٰ˵׻ᡣе˵ʣ޼˰ɣ£ԴۼŭҲ޼£ܲƾձ˵
Դۻץʱ˵޻ԪȻҲٶ˵
ԻԪ˵׻޻Ԫ˵׻ᣬҶûȥɣǰװ״˹˵ĻᡣһĻᣬ֪Ǻˡ
ȫԪУάȻԪǿߣٶԾԻԪ޻Ԫ˵֮йע
ܶΪ޴۵ֶζҲòϣ޴ȡֶΣЧǳ¡
뽻Ԫ
۴޻Ԫص뽻Ԫ󣬽޻Ԫ˵׻뽴֪
뽴źֻǵ˵ͷδʲô
޴۵ֶιȻЩʣǩλЭĻԪռȷʵԸΪ۵˵޴۵Э顣
ܸоԴ۳Կˡ̾һ˵
۵仰뽴ȴЦҡҡͷ
Դۣô򵥵ˡ뽴˵
ϵ˼ǣۿ뽴ۡ
ſɣ룬޴ǶԴ۴۵ġ뽴۾
޻Ԫ
޴ۼµҪԱھ칦硣
εĽ׻ܳɹ޴УŶʮԪռЭ顣ʮԪռ䣬Ժֻ޻Ԫ˵ԻԪ˵
ЩԪռ䣬άԪռ䣬ȫԪУӰҲǲСġϾȫԪĸάԪռҲôһЩ
֮޴ۼ³ԱΪ׻ǳɹ޻ԪʧһЩԴӳԶЩʧֵõġ
ǾСӣ϶ǲ֪ߵغ񡣡īִ޴۵ƨ
ǺǣΪԼ˵ĵ޻Ԫˡò˵Ի̫ˡ
ȷʵǸ޻Ԫʧлᣬ޻Ԫúݺݵı
޴µˣ׷ױ;ԡ
޴Ŀ˵СQ˼ˡ
ϵ˼ǣһԪ˳ʵ
ֶ˥ڵ󣬾ĽѡҵҪܲܶȹνѡ޴һƣ˵
ϣ
ʱһԪ۴˽
£޴ۿǻԪʵ
ˣīִ۵¡īִҪ޻ԪԪռ
ոմϢԻԪҪٴξٰ˵׻ᡣǻԪ۸ոյõϢ̹޴ۡ
ԭӦīִ£īִڳϯ칦磬ֱӹˡ
ʲô޴΢΢һ㶡
ˣЦҲ˲һĿ⿴񲿵ĻԪۡ
СҪٰ˵׻᣿޴۵
ǵģϡңʱڽڡǻԪ۵˵ͷϢ˵ԻԪ˴Σóһǧ˵άȻԪԲμӴ˴ν׻ᣡ
ܣ
һǧ˵ⲻܣԣóһǧ˵޴ۻȻվ𾪵ı顣
޻ԪΪ˴ճ˰ٿ˵ʮʱң˰ٿ˵֮޻Ԫڲûʲô˵ܹóˡ
ԻԪ֮ǰٿ˵óһǧ˵
ԣ޴Ϣ󣬵һӦǲţǲܵ顣
ϣϢѾȷʵģԻԪô˵ġǾûһǧ˵ʱ޷ȷǻԪ۵ͷ


3715 
칦磬޷ȥˡ
ʱ޴ۣЩˡ
Ϊ޷⡣ףôܹƳô˵
˵ٶôֲ޻Ԫ˵ɽᱻԵǣԻԪ˵Ժۼۻ޻Ԫ˵뾰ԻԪ˵
˵Щ˵ôƵģѵǽ˵ɵʦôɵʦһƣ޴ۿڳʵ
ϣҲܣ㾰Խ˵ĵɵʦҪƳ˵ɲеɣҪϡ˵Ĳϣֲ洦ɼĶҪɹ˶ĲϣǺķѴʱ䲻ɡһԪҡҡͷ˵
޴

ԻԪڶ˵׻ᣬʼ
һ˵׻ʱֻһЩάԪĻԪ֮;ͷμӡΣμӽ׻ģάԪռĻԪ֮С
ΪԻԪ˵۸ԵάԪռҲܹһЩ
Щǰ޻ԪǩЭĻԪռ䣬Ҳв˾ԻԪȻԻԪ˵ǿԵ׻ֳ
ⲿˣЩڡ
Դۣ㹺˵ǷҪǩЭ飿һάԪռĻԪ֮վѯʡ
޻Ԫ˵׻ϵǼûֳҲ˵ˡ
޴ҪЩ˵ĻԪռǩЭ飬֪˴ξԻԪٰ˵׻ϣԴۻ᲻ҪҲǩƵЭ飬ӾԻԪ˵ĻԪռ䣬޻Ԫ˵
Կ˿Ԫ֮
Ц˵ҶԴңȷʵҲһҪ󡣲Ҫ󲢲ҪǩʲôЭ顣
ԴۣʲôҪ󣿡ʵ
ҵܼ򵥡ǣλҾԻԪ򵽵˵ת޻Ԫ͕׿ջԪԪռ䡣˵

ǡ
Դۣ㡭ԭΪԻʲôôΪѵû뵽ֻ
ת޻Ԫ͕׿ջԪ
ڸеͬʱҲǾھԵĵ޻ԪͲ˵ˣǕ׿ջԪǰάԪռ䰡
ֻҪһ㣬ҾԻԪ˵ҾԻԪҪǩʲôЭ顣˵ǴҵȨɡ
λѣкܶ˶ܹó˶˵ġ
Ըߴҡ˵ʱһЩͻơͻƣ˵ٶȼ졣ΪˣҲڶ̶̵ʱڣƳһǧ˵
Ժһ᲻ϵ˵ȫԪĵѡԣԺ󲻱̫򲻵۵˵ЦŶ˵仰
£Ի֣һǧƿȡ
ΪԼҵʱ䣬׻ھͿʼλѣԿóϡԴȵȱҽ˵ָǰƿ˵
һǧ˵δķ̫ʱһաǰμӽ׻ĻԪռ䣬ûпֶ顣ٲû˵ģǾԲǣǩ޻ԪЭ޷
ⲿˣǳӶˡ

ԻԪĶ˵׻ˡ
Դۣʵʵóһǧ˵
һǧ˵ȫ˵û˵Ʒʲе˵
Դ˵ˣ˵ٶȼ죬ڶʱƳ˵
Ժ˵ֱӵԻԪ޲T
Ԫĵе˵Ѱ֮ˣ
ô˵Щ˵Ǻ¡ǣøлԴۡ
ǰǾԴۣǸ򵽼۸˵˵
ԻԪͨ˵׻ᣬûԪռӰȫԪԪ֮Դ۵һʱҲǷ
ڵڶ˵׻֮󣬾Աǽ˱չص״̬
ںֶ˥ڵ֮ǰش鷢ԲءԾúֶ˥ڵ֮ǰʱ䣬ٲںһԪ

׿ջԪ
Ǿԣ˵ģ׿մ𺣬еͳʵ
ϣԾô˵ģʮάȻԪռĻԪ֮ͷ˵ġҹǷŭı顣
Ǻǡ׿մЦ
ܺ׿մЦ˵Դۣǽ׿ջԪԼĵˡ
ϣǕ׿ջԪĻԪռ֮һоǕ׿ջԪ˼ӵӰ졣²ܾôˡҹ˵
żлᣬ뾰Դۣú̸һ̸ġ׿մָƽ˵


3716 ˥
ھԱչеʱˣҲϴ˽ԻԪ
һЩʽϸߵĺ󱲣ҲѡκɸѡͨԪͨԴΪḻĻԪռ䡣
ЩҲþȥģ޲T˽Ǳߵĸ߲Աǡ
һۣǧʱȥ
뽻Ԫ
ϡ뽴µһԪۣŲҴ뽴ǰ
뽴ۼּ֮˵ֶ˥ˡ
ԪۣںֶΧʮʱ䣬ĹǼӺֶ
뽴Ŀоâһ
һ죬ڵˡ
뽴۵ȵİά켫֮ߣ˵ǵ֮·ѽӽ˶㡣һȴʼ޷ȥʼղܵά켫ԲΡֶΨһϣͻᡣ
Ҫά켫Բ磬ֻһ·ߣںֶѰһᡣ
Ȼѡ
ԴӻԪ֮ȫԪУܹά켫Բ硣
ã뽴վһá
ٵǰ
֪࣬ͨϵĳԱǣֶѾԽ롣뽴۶۷Ը
ǣӦ
Уǣ齫ֶ֮ڲִֶܵǾֻнˡ뽴ֲ˵
ǣϣǰԪռ䣬ѸٴۡٴӦ
ԻԪ
ϣ޲TھԱչ֮⺰
޲T˫Ŀ߳˱չ֮
޲Tʲô£ʵ
뽻Ԫ۵Ҫ㣬мΪҪ顣޲TԾ˵
ۣãȥԵ˵ͷ
޲Tᵽ۵󣬾оͲ²⵽ֶйءûеʱ䣬ֱӱ㵽˻ʹ
Դۡ
ۡ
˼֮໥Ĵк
ԴӦòµҴ˴ԻԪԭ˰ɣۿžԣ΢Ц˵
ΪֶԵ
ûֶѽ˥ڣ辡ֶ뽴ۣһںֶȺλۣ֮ۡڸϵֶ⣬ѾִֶĴȽֶۻ˵
ˡԵͷ
Ȼһüʵֶۣľλ
Բֶ֪ľλãδȥֶ
ѯʣҲ΢һ¡
ۿЦ˵ԴۣҲֶ֪λڡңֻۣ۲Żֶ֪ľλá
ڴ뽻ԪڣһϵĻԪۣ۲֮һ
⡭ǲֶ֪λãǰҲЩˡ
ڱϵֶֶλö֪
Դֻۣѯˡֶľλã۲й¶֪ҡҡͷ¶εɫԾ˵
֪ˣлۡԶ۵л
Դ۲ؿһҪȥ֪ۣͨȸˡ۶ԾԹ˹֣뿪
ߺ󣬾˫ü
ѯۣ˭أ
ˣԨҲۣӦֶ֪λáڣȥԨԪ뵽˹Ԩۡ
ϣͼ۵á޲T˽Ծ˵
ͼۣ룡æ
Ƭ̺󣬰ͼ۴ӵ˽
Դۣ뽻Ԫۿˣͼۼԣֱʵ
۲ǰ뿪ңֶ˥ڡԶ԰ͼ˵
ţֶ˥ڳʱ䲻̫ǵþǰ
֪ոյ񣬲δȥֶֶܻ֪λãȹ㡣ͼ۶Ծ˵
лͼۣȷʵֶ֪λãŻ׼ȥԨԪѯʹԨءԨԱӦֶ֪λáЦŵл˵
ȥԨԪҹԨˡͼ۰˰֣Ԩ۹˺ֶ˴βֶԴۣһͬǡ
̫лͼˡ֣صĵл
ͼһͬǰֶɿʡȴԲٵ鷳ȥʹԨۣԨ۶ȻǻὫֶλøǹԨ۲ȥԻҪһǰ
߰ǧǰϣͼдΪ˵Եʣͼ뾰ԵĹϵƵòҲΪˣͼ۲Żǰֶ֮ǰҾԴһͬǰֶ
ԴۿɻʲôҪģͼʵ


3717 ֶ
˴νֶҪ뿪Ԫռһʱ䡣
Ԫ֮ڻԪռڣҪҪԱһЩ
ԻԪתûʲôҪر𽻴ġҡҡͷ˵ȥֶܻһЩΣաǰֶ֮ǰҪһҵļˡ
ãԴۣҾھԻԪĻԪͨڵ㡣ͼ۵˵ͷ
ͼǰԻԪĻԪͨ
ټ޲T޲TԼ뿪һʱ䣬ҪþԻԪ
֮󣬾ȥѩ߷ˡ
ûж˵ֶֻ˵ҪԪռһˣ޷ȷڣʲôҪʲôֱȥ޲Tȥҩϡ
գԱҲ˻Ԫͨڵ㣬ͼڴ˵صȺ
ԴۣΪҪʱ䣬û뵽ô͹ˡͼ۶ԾЦЦ
ûʲôҪ飬ֻ˵˼仰ѡ԰˰֡
ţߣ
ߣ
˽Ԫͨ뿪ԻԪ
ǰֶҪתʹûԪֱͨӵִңתԪ֮ͨУʱܻҪ˷һξ롣
ԣͼۺ;Եִֶʱǹµʱ䡣
ֶ⣬˴뽴ۺʹ뽻ԪԪѵִ⣬ʮԪҲ
ͼۣԴۡ
뽴˴к
뽴ۡԺͰͼҲ뽴۹ֻ
Ԫۣв˴кҲһֲδ˵
뽴ۣԱһжʮλ޴ۺ͹Ԩ۹Ҳ˵˴νжʮ˽ֶԶԴ뽴ʵ
ţˡûйͱֶ룬Υ򣬽ܵƲá뽴۵˵ͷԾԽ͵
ɨһܡ
ĿǰΪֹһʮԪ۵ִʮһԪδϵֶ⡣
ļŻԪλԪ֮Իû
ºֶʵ
ǰ۵ԻԪʱ򣬶Ծ˵ģֶʱ䣬֮ͼ·ϣµʱ䣬ʣµʱµӡ
ԣºһֶͬʱеûеִǲȴҪнֶ뽴Ц˵
ԴۡͼۣǶλĻԪռԶһֶͬ뽴ۿʵ
ǰֶ֪ľλã԰ͼ۴һͬǰǰͼۣڿ϶޷ִ˵صġԽ˵
ͼ۵˵ͷ
в˵΢΢һ䡣
У׿ջԪĕ׿մ۵Զһ¡
û뵽ͼ뾰Դ۾ǳ˺ѡ׿մۿͼЦ˵ֻЦЩ⡣
Դ۲ǰûֶԣҴͬͼü
ͼúܶԣˣǸ߾Դۺֶλá뽴ЦЦ˵
Կ˿뽴ֿۣ˿׿մۣû˵
׿մЦһҲ
ԴۣƵ˵ܺáһ
˵ģǿ丰ԪĻԪ֮
丰ԪлԪ۵ԻԪ˵丰۱ˣûȥԻԪ
λ丰ۣҲһλʵǿά켫֮ߣӽά켫֮ʵϣȰͼ΢һòࡣ
ܹĻԪۣûߡ޴ۡԨߣά켫֮ʵҲ
丰۹ˡԶԿ丰۵˵ͷ
ʵʵ˵˵޻Ԫ˵ҪһЩʱ䣬һЩƵ˵丰ҡҡͷ֣µ˵
丰Լǡ治֪Դôо˵ġ޴һֱ˵úܺãûй¶ǺǣǾԴ۵ֶθһԪ۳˵
ˣǕ׿ջԪһάԪۣԱ
˻лָ˵Ǿо˵ص˼Ǿֶͨδ޻Ԫȡ˵
תĿ˵γƺ
仰һܵݶ֮һ䡣
˵ԪֽۣоźۡΪۣǕ׿ջԪֶԪǿߣȻǷǳġȻȴֶ֪
ֱڴ
ź۵ɫһӾͺ
ԴۣλǕ׿ջԪľźۡϴϣźҲڳģĪˣͼ۳Ծ˵
ԭǾźۣȷʵˡԻȻı˵


3718 ռԾ
źۿԵɱ⸡֡
ԴۣźǕ׿ջԪĻԪ֮һȫԪҲżͼԾԽֻͣ˵ʱȴǴһֹЦݡ
֪ˣԺӦûǵõġ֣µĵͷ
ǺǡźۿзһЦ
Դά켫֮ȫԪҲҲڶԴôά켫֮ߡԴ޽еţ֪ҾźҲźۼ˵
ԾԴнȣò˶ãܵά켫֮ˣʱ򣬿뽴۵֣ԴҲǲסˡź΢ͣһּ˵
۾΢пžźۡ
ź۷ģһסֵġ´ټ㣬һʶ㡣Գ˵
Դۡ뽴۽һԵ֡
תĿ뽴ۡ
ǰûнֶԺֶڲڵΣտܲʱ䣬ͨˣ˽һЩֶ뽴۶Ծ˵
õģл뽴ۡ뽴۹˹֡
Դۣڵǽֶµʱ䡣ʱ䣬Ҹһºֶͼ۶ԾԵ
׿մĿ˰ͼһۣû˵ʲôԸ⿴뾰߽ûֹͼ뾰߽ɡοͼȻֻά켫֮ʵȷʵΪ׺׿մۣҲȫͼΪ
ʱ½۵ִֶ֮⡣
ļŻԪλԪ֮Ҳ̵ļŻԪλԪ֮ǽȺִҿȵʱ䳤¡
ļŻԪ֮ĹϵĲǺ׽ֻⲿ˵ʱļŻԪŻЯֶԵС
ҲǣļŻԪһģҲͲΪļŻԪˡļŻԪԭŻԪѶλԪ֮֮û϶ŻԪڿܻһϵϵ塣
֮ǰϣļŻԪеŴۣҾ˽̸Ŵ۵ʱҪԲҪ׷¹ϴ۵ԴӦļŻԪܳΪԵѡŴ۲δ˵Ǽ׷ǸͲ˵Լ׷飬ļŻԪĵˡ
ļŻԪе뷨ҲЩӡΪŴ۱ˡļŻԪϾŴĻԪռ䡣λԪ֮Ŵ۵
ɱ¹ϴ۵֣ΣԶҪ׷ȥӦ޲TҪΪ¹ϴ۱

λѣ׼һ£Ǽֶ뽴˵
ĿǰΪֹһжʮλԪ۵Ҳ˵λۣûڴ뽴Ҫʱڸϵֶ⡣λֻۣ֮нֶܸŴ󲿶һֶͬ
뽴ۣҼȻȻҲ׼ţֱӽɣŴۿŴ뽴˵
ãǾֱӽ롣λߡ뽴۵˵ͷֶ˵
뽴۷ǰ۸Ŵ뽴ۡ
ҲŶ飬߶ǰС
ԼĪʱʱ䣬Ը֪ܻУһЩص
ڻԪУѷԵһֺ󣬺׾ܹ֪οԵ˻Ǹά켫֮ĻԪۡ
Դۣ쵽ˡͼ۾ھߣʱ򣬰ͼ۵Ծ˵
׼ãռԾʱǻֲܼͼ۽˵һ䡣
ֻǵ˵ͷûü˵ʲôͿڶǰһ澵ͻȻ֡
Ժȷǰһ̣˵ǰһ˲䣬ǰǸλûǿտҲ˲Ϣ֮Ǹλñһ޴ľӡ
һ澵ӡ
ѾܹھеӰ
룡뽴۸һȣ漴ӳ˹ȥ
䣡
䡭
ۣȫ߶γһ̵ϣԾ˵ٶӳȥ
һӰײ뾵֮ڡ
ԣȻҲһͷײ˽ȥ
飡Ըոײ뾵ӣ͸оԼ壬·ײһ֮ϡ
ֲޱȵѹ糱ˮһ˷ѹ
пֲѹ֮пµ˺֮·ҪЩ˺ѳƬ
ԼһͿͨˡ뽴۵
ʱ򣬾Բܿ뽴ۣκ۵Ӱǣ뽴۵
ҧҧȫ߶άܵĻ֡
Ϣһĸо˴ԼյʱܵѹȻһǰľ󣬱۵ӰٴγھԵ֮ڡ


3719 Ԫ
ͼۣվھԵߡ
ԵĿƿܡ
ǺֶԵ˵
ԣѾںֶڲͼ۵ͷ˵
ǰԴӰͼۿѾ֪˲ٹںֶϢֶľ󣬻вٵĳ롣
ֶڲԵĸоǺá
ЩɣԼǲǴһþ֮С
ҡҡͷԽ뷨ųֶһþ磬Ǵ뽴۵˻᲻֪
һ˵뽴۵Ȱά켫֮ĻԪֱۣܷ磬ǵŴأŴۣǾά켫Բǿߡ
Եģǰ߰ɣ뽴Ŀɨˣ֮˵
һʮˣԳɹ˿ռԾӻԪսֶڲ
ǰȥ
ԴۣǽֶʱɵĿռԾǷǳΣյġںֶ˥ںǿռԾȻøά켫֮Уͼ۵Ծ˵
ţҸܵ˷ǳֲѹơΪȻĵͷ
оáΪǶʮһͬġԵѹʵѾࡣλûͬʱ룬ǽʱܵѹǿϣǶ˳ɡͼۺһ
Ŀ
飬һ±ߡ
ǡվ±Ե¿ȥüͷһ壬з
ԴۣǾ֮ǰ˵ĺ򡣡ͼ۶Ծ˵
Ǻ򣿡Ȼ
Ϊĺ򣬸һֺϤĸоƺ뾰֮ǵơ
ĺҲڲͷźۣγ˺ɫʡЩɫʣƯܵĿռ֮ڡ
ԣǾǺ̺ſֲЩά켫ߣҲ޷Ӳ򡣡ͼ۵ͷ
ͼۣȥź򣿡Կͼʵ
ź򣿵ȻȥܾúܾǰȥǵطѰлԵЩά켫ߣûʲôԵˡ֮أҲû̫壡˵֮صʱ򣬰ͼ۵ıԱ仯һ¡
ͼߣӦ֪֮ʲôġͼۣ֪ǿڹڣѹźڌIۡȻҲ֪ܲ
ѹڌI۵ʱŴ۴ȫԪһȺɵġȺߣȫѹڌI۵жˡֻŴۣ֮شҲѵ;ƿݵĵز֮ض޷߳
źΧһЩܾǰʹڵķСһУƵ塣Զ԰ͼ˵
Դۣ˵壬Ǻ򡣲ڷпĺֶĺЩͬͼ۶ԾԽ͡
˵еĺѾչԪʵĺ򡣡
ֶĺ̺ŴԪʡԪʣԲںϳԪҲΪʲô˵ںֶʵܹǿҪԭ򣬾ǺֶڴڵĶ˵мֵĶ
ô˵еĺûʲôֵˣɻǣҿĺ򣬻ԴԴϵͷʡڷеߣЩʣܹڵ
ԴۣҪԪʣѰͼҡҡͷ
еĺ򣬻ԪʣҲҪðսֶˡͼ˵
ˡԵ˵ͷǷеĺǴأ
ҲȷߣӺֶ˳ȥɣͼĿ⿴ά켫֮ǲܽŪֶġά켫ԲǿҲһ
ԴۣôˡѾֶΨһҪģԪʣԼԼİȫǴȥͽٸֿвΣաͼž˵
λѡ뽴۳ˡ
ˣ뽴ۡ
ǾҪȥˡΪΣգһ˺ԵġԣҪСӡ뽴˵
Դۣӣǲ˶һͬȥġһνֶҶһ¡뽴ֿ˵
뽴ۣ֪ġ֮ǰͼѾᵽԵͷ˵
º£Ҫӣ̫ࡣһ֧Сӵ಻ܳ


3720 
·Σأһ˺Ӧԡǰά켫֮ĻԪۣҲȥ
ǣҲ˵ۼһԽԽáۼһ̫࣬ΣϵۼӡԣСӳԱܳˡһˣһж
λӰɣ뽴˵
ڳһжʮԪۡ
ܿ죬Сӱ֯òˡϾЩǰֶĻԪۣй̶СӣҪʲô仯
ˣЩˡ
ԴµĻԪۣǵһνֶλӳǷԸ뾰ԴۼԼСأ뽴ۿ˿ԣֿ˿Ԫۡ
ȻСӣȻҲҪһܹͳСӵĶӳ޶ӳǿڹؼ֮ʱ޷ͳһжӶΣ
뽴۵仰ǶԶӳ˵ġ
ĶˣеֻˡЩû˵Ķ飬뾰ԼԼСӡ
Щӳʱȴû˵
뽴ۡ׿մۿ뽴ۣЦЦ
ǵĶԱ໥֮䶼Ƚ˽⣬ǰҲںֶںľ顣ðȻ¼һ˽޷սܵ¶µ⡣׿մۻ˵
׿մ˵еѳ͵СӣǲðȻиı䡣ԴȻʵǿںֶϾûʲô顣ֶڵΣգɲΪСӳԱ֮ϲĬСӻᡣһԪ۵˵ͷ˵
뽴ü
ͬΪԪߣһֶͬӦ໥Ӧ뽴۳˵
뽴ۣͬĿ׿մ۵ͷ
ЩϵۣӦΪµںֶṩһİǣҾþԴҲӦΪ׿մۼ˵
׿մ˼ǣ뽴ۿ׿մۡ
Դ˻ԪĵɵĵԼܹɵΪԴ۲ӦýЩɵĵԼСЩߣ⼸ɵҲкܴ󡣡׿մЦЦ
˵ԴֶۣڣԵ޴󡣻˴ںֶڣά켫֮ԪۡǣҲܲ޷ά켫֮ɺֶҲΣκһλۡ
ԣҾ㽫Լյĵһ£ԴҶкôһҸȡ裬Դϲ׿մžԡ
׿մϣԵ񣬳ΪۣΪһ졣
׿մΪ˵õ⼸ɵǴĻǰЦ˵
׿մɫһ˵ԴۣѡȨСҕ׿գûǿʲô
Դۣ׿մ˵ȫʵǵĶ飬ǴһͬжǸǵС˷աûκεĲ뼴ЩӳԸ㣬ԱҲ⡣ϻ۳˵
ϻۣһά켫֮ĻԪۣϻԪĻԪ֮
ϻ۵ά켫֮ʱ䲻ǺܳӰȲϕ׿մۡ뽴۵ȵȻԪۡ
Կϻۡ
֪ҾҪĴۣʵ
ԴԸҵĶŷҵСӱþԴϻ̾˵
ŷ
ϻۣʨӴ󿪿ڡ
Կ˿ϻֿۣ˿׿մ۵ˡ֪׿մ۶Ȼ벻йӴԼȷԼǽŷϻۣǕ׿մۿ϶ܿҲռŷд뽴ۣӦҲǲˡ
šлϻˡϻ۹˹֡
ϻдϲȴǿװһȻı顣
׿մ۵˵ĿУҲ˿˿⡣
Դۣͬŷĵˣϻѹеϲãʾԡ
ȴҡͷ˵ҲὫŷ㡣ǣлϻҼСӵĻᡣ
ϻɫһڣĿ¶ŭ⡣
ԴۼȻţҿֻˡ뽴ۣ˵أ׿մҲطװ˷̫ʱɣԴ۾Լһ˿ԣӦؾԴ۵ѡ񡣡
뽴̾һ
˵ʵ뽴۲ϣһº£Σϵ̫󣬼˵Ǿһ뽴ۣҲҪɵĵ
ԴۡŴۿڡ
ҵСӣĿǰĸˣһλáԸ⣬ԼŴ۶Ծ˵
Ŵ۵СӳԱļŻԪλԪ֮


3721 С
ŴۣԷ롣
Ŵ۵Ļ׿մ۵ɫһ䡣
ԴۣҲҪĵӦûǵϴҶ˵ĻŴۿžԼ˵
ԴۣǷԸҵСӣŴ˵
ļŻԪλԪ֮Ҳžԡ
лŴۺ⣬ҲܼСӡŴ۹˹֣ʵǱǸ
ŴĿһ㶣žԡ
Եľܾ֪Բ׷¹ϴ۵Ҳ˵Է˳ΪļŻԪѵĻᡣ
áŴصĵ˵ͷ
׿մ۵˶Щʲô
Ŵ뾰ԼԼСӣԾܾˣŴȷ˵ˣҪɵ
Ŵ۵뾰̸ʲôڿƺ˫û̸£ӡ
뽴ۣǿʼɣ׿մ˿˻Դ뽴۵
뽴۵ͷҪʼ¡
һ¡һ
˵ģǰͼۡ
˶תĿͼۡ
ҰͼԸ뾰Դӡͼ˵
ͼۣĶѾˡԣԱĶ顣׿մЦһ˵
ͼ۵СӣȷʵѾԪڡˣά켫֮ĻԪۣͼΪӳ֮ʵҲǿġ
ͼСӵԱҲɻĿ⿴Űͼۡ
ͼۣǵĶѾԱ˰һԱ˵
֪ԣҾ˳ڵĶ飬뾰ԴµСӡλѣĸɵСӣҲ㹻ˡͼۿСӵĶ˵
⡭
ѾλȰҡͼ۵
󣬰ͼֿЦ˵ԴۣǷԸӣ
ȻԸ⣬ֻǡԶ԰ͼ¶мı顣
ûʲôֻǵģҰͼ£ѭġͼˬʵ˵
ͼۣ뾰ԴǿԵġֻǣ˶ά켫֮Сֻ˵ĻںУ»ա뽴ۿͼ˵
޷Դһ˶ҽ£뾰ԴһȻ͸ûˡͼ۶Դ뽴˵
Ǻǡ׿մԱַһЦͼۣϣº󣬲кڵ뷨
׿մ۷ģҲڵġ˵ҺˣҲԼ飬Լѡ񡣡ͼ˵
λѡ׼ɣ棬Сġ뽴۰ֱ˵
ͼۣлԶ԰ͼ۸л
Դ۲˵ô࣬ҲһЩˡͼ۵˵
ֻǣȻܹܵͣͼҲ֪Լ˵仰ᱻǹ˵ġ
ԴۣȥɣͼֶԾԵһνȸžС
£ͼȴ±ԵȥŰͼ۵ĶҲ̸ȥ
ˣͼ⡣׿մۿһ˵ıӰ˵
ۣҡҡͷ
ά켫֮ĻԪۣںУȷʵǳΣաȻͼۺ;ԴʵǿϾֻάάά켫֮Ĳ࣬ɲսϡںУά켫֮ĻԪۻǶ༸һȽס
µΣգɲ˵˵ġɣ޴ۡԨҲķѾ޴Ĵ۹ֶˡ
һ֧֧Сӣ½Ľ¡
СΪλ߾ۼһСС֮䣬Եľ룬Ա⻥Ӱ졣

ЩԪʡԸӦһĺɫʡ
ЩɫУǺͷųԪʣ󲿷ֶǱѵ
ԴۣڽӽʱһҪע⡣ͼٴζԡ
ţһġԵͷ
ͼۣһЩš˵ֶڣһħͷϹʱڵĻԪѣǴħͷɵġʵ
ͼתĿԣƬ̡
ǸħͷֽкڌIͼ˵
ȷʵǴӺֶȥġڌIħͷǷǳǳµһ⡣ȷе˵ڌIЩͬɵ޾ȫԪκʲôʽڵԽתԼͼۻ˵
ǺڌIħͷڣǱŴڻԪǿɱˡͼۺһ
仰ȴҡҡͷ
ڌIħͷûû񻹴ӷӡгˡʱܾڻԪĳطڻָԼ


3722 
ͼ۲δע⵽ҡͷ
˵Դۣδ뵽һս֮УԵʱ̫ᡣһսʵ̫ˣŴڻԪǿֹ˺ڌIħͷȫԪ鶼һҴ
ͼۣһսҲˣʵ
šͼ۵ͷҵʵСûв뵽֮սСֻǺ˵һЩ֮ս
ͼ̾Ϣһҡҡͷл߻кߣӦԶŴ۵ȵȱĶ¡
ţȷʵӦм֮顣Ӧ
ͼۣǺڌIħͷԺֶǷֶ֪ΪܹڌI飿Զ԰ͼʵ
֪ȫԪҲû֪ԭֻ֪ڌIĵԪйء
ϹʱڣŴǿߣȫԪʵǿĻԪۡƺǲһЩʲôԽִ۽ֶԪʡŴ۴˾ĿģһԪʿΪһԪʵĹֹ̿ڌIħͷĵͼ۶ԾԽ͡
Ҵˡ
̺ԪʣܾǺڌIħͷûЩԪΪڌIħͷܾԶ޷ںֶڵԵͷ
ţӦþôһεǣֶֻ߽̫ܵںֶ˥ʱ롣ңԴ㿴ǳĿǰΪֹŪ͸Ҫ˵к̲صԪһˡͼָָµһƬڰҡҡͷ˵
ھͼ۽̸֮УѾӽһ
Դۣǵֽ򣬱ɳ̺ԪʡرҪעǣǧҪͼźڲ̲صĿֲԿߵشˡͼ۶Ծ˵
ףЩϢҶסˡ˵
ţüͷһ塣
֣ͼͻȻˡ͵֮Ҳ˲ʧ
æͼۡ
ͼ۵Щն˷·ʧȥꡣ
ͼۣôˣüʵ
ûзӦͼ۷·ûԵԾԵʻûκεķӦ
ãĪǺУ΢΢һ
Ҳһ̣ԲһЩɫĲ۵ڰͼ۵档Щɫѿʼɰͼ۵Ѫ⾫
ˣ͵Ĵ߶򣬽ڰͼĺɫɢ
ɢɫǲѡʱ䣬ͼܵĺɫʧ
ͼ۳ĺһĿлָԭеɡ
˿ԣֿ˿Լ
ţôˣղšôˣͼ۸Ͳ֪ŷ飬ֻģľãԼļƺһϲ㡣
ͼۣղƺ˺С˵
ͼɫһ䣬Ŀ¶ЩĺȻ
ԾԹ˹ֵԴۣлˡ
ͼۣȷʵ˺Ƭдڵһ߳ΪС̺ǿңҲɢǣһУͻڲ֪ȫʧȥʶԼյҲʱû߰ɢУ߾ͻܿıеĺɫɵ
ͼۿˣΪӦΣ𣿡԰˰Ц˵
ԣԭ򡣡ͼ۵ͷ
˵仰󣬰ͼ̷һŵҩӰ죬ȻԺܿɢ˺Уͼ۵壬Щ̷ŵҩΪ˻ָ塣
Ƭ̺󣬰ͼۻָ
Դۣһ¡ǵܹĸӦԪʵĴˡԪʣԪϢѱ֡ͼתĿ˵
Էųһ˿̽顣
ͷҸܵԪʡ磬ûʡ
ûԪʣȻǿġֻкֶУߵУо޴İǰ׿մһ仰û˵ԴֶۣȥܾܿѾǰά켫֮ĻԪˡͼĿ¶Ц˵
ͼۣҲܽӽά켫֮õȵȥںֶڣܵάҲЦ˵
Ȼһת΢΢üͼۣҸӦԪƺǳϡ٣Ӧأ


3723 ̫
ԪԪϢֱ沢ѡ
ȻԴʱӦԪΪϡ٣ֻ˿˿ơǵά켫֮ĻԪֻۣ¶Ը֪һԪʡ
˴Ԫȷʵ٣ҸӦҲһͼ۶Ծ˵ϾǴʱλãµϷЩԪʣǱչΡ
ĻǲӦһЩʵ
ͼ˵ĺ̺ԪӦһЩ
Դۡ
£Խ·ΣվԽ󡣡ͼ˵ȻҲԽԴ۲ðգǾͼ롣
һκֶףֻ᲻֪ҪȶòŻһΡմһЩҾҲӦԵͷ˵
ԺͰͼˣ뿪ĺ򣬼·롣
ϣԺͰͼˡźĿⶢ˾ԺͰͼһۣߵĕ׿մ˵
˵Сӣ˵³ç׿մЦһǡ
µߣС֮룬Ұ㿪ԼԶһЩҲֱӿ
ͼҲ֪ôģԸ뾰վһߡźҡҡͷ
ͼӾ˲˵ǾǷɡ׿մ˵
ǡ˵Сӣά켫֮ɵĿԿɲСһ׿ջԪάԪҲ˵
ԺͰͼˣС¡
ԴۡͼۣǶλҪ̫롣
ԺͰͼˣͬʱӵ˴뽴۵Ĵ뽴۵СӣҲ˾ԺͰͼ³
뽴ҪСˡԶ԰ͼ۵
ţ뽴ҲҴˣͻظͼ۶Ծ˵
ֶԴ뽴۴뽴۷ģҺ;ԴۻСġ
һʱ󣬾ԺͰͼٴνӽһź
һʱʱͼκСΣԶ̵ʱɢ˺еͼ۵˺С
ͼȴЩˣ˫üʱĻῴһۡ
ͼۣʲôҪ˵Ըоͼ۵̫ƺл˵
šͼ΢΢˵Դۣº£δһκСӣͬʱжΪʲôѾκУȴûӰ죿
΢΢һ㶡
ô¡
ҵһЩҲü
ԼҲô¡Ŀǰƺֻһֽ͡
Ȼ˵ˣͼεҡҡͷҲֻһֽͣǾԴ۵öࡣ
˵仰ͼ۵˫Ŀٴʧȥϣкɫʴæɢ
ʧлָİͼ̷ۣһŵҩ۾Բžԡ
ԴۣδҲ̫˰ɣ
㶼ҪӾͿԽˡͼ˵
ѾĴκԻһζû
̯ЦЦˡ
ͼֿ˾һۣٴҡҡͷ
ԴۣӦһźԪʡͼ۶Ծ˵
ãӦ
һ̺̺ԪʣҪǰһźԪʶǣԾźԪʻЩ٣ἫΪķѴʱҲ̫Ԫʡ
𣿡ͼۼüſʵ
оЩˡԿͼۡ
ǡһЩͼʶҧҧ
Դۣҵ˵λõĸѾҽִĵطˡң֮ǰСӡͼ۱˵ȥΣսּαĵһͬʱУǿɾˡʱ򣬴뽴۵Ҳǡ
ΣճʼαĵԪҲּαĵͼۣ벻ά켫֮Ե
ȻˣѾֶΣûܵά켫֮˵ʵζͻһάżͼ۵
ά켫֮ڕ׿մǵȻԪǰԶõһȡ
Ǿ롣ҵ뷨ǣ˴ںֶά켫֮͵ڰһΡңĿ¿ȥᶨ˵
ãͼ۽һõҰͼӣ뾰Դʹ졣
ǰͼ۽ֶ£СԱҲ᲻Ը⡣뾰ӣʹˡ


3724 ͷӲ
ֶ¡
Ԫ߶Ժµûϵȷ֣ÿһۣطĽṹһ׼ġ
ֶº£һ㶼պ̺Ԫʡ
򣬾ǾԺͰͼ˽ӴĵһڵһҲвٵĺЩ̺ԪѾ١ǾԺͰͼ˽Ӵĵڶڵһ̺Ԫʱ̺ԪҪһЩ
ʱԺͰͼĺ̺ԪȻģΣϵҲǾΪ̫Σգ۱Ƚ٣һ̺Ԫܸࡣ
ά켫֮ĻԪۣᵽά켫֮ɵСӣҲ͸ҵʱԸҲð̫ķա
뽴۵Сӡ׿մ۵СӣĴҲ١ļŻԪλԪ֮ԪԶһЩļŻԪСҲÿζǵĸоã㲻뵽ȥ
µ̫̫ˡĿǰΪֹƺûִܹĵײ뽴۵ˣҲ֪¾ж֪µײһЩʲô
ϣԴۺͰͼˣˡ뽻ԪһۣžԺͰͼ˵ıӰԴ뽴˵
Ƕλδ̫ˡͼ۵һֱܴû뵽ԴҲҸŰͼȥͷӲһ뽻Ԫҡҡͷ˵
ˡ뽴̾˿ϣܻųȥ
뽻Ԫ߿˾ԺͰͼ۵Ķ򣬕׿ջԪСӣȻҲˡ׿մۣʼնڹעԺͰͼ˵Ķ
֪׿մЦ
Ѿº£ڶ˵ԺͰͼˡ
Դ۸Űͼ۵ˡһ˿
ۣԭͼСӵĶԱ֧Сӣǰɡͼ˳СӣСӻά켫֮ĶԱ
ϴǽֶͼ۾鵽µ򿴿ʱǲûͬ⣬ͼ۲ŴΣյ뷨һΣԴƺûз԰ͼ۵뷨һСӳԱЦҡͷ˵
ʵ̫ΣˣСӣҲͬʱСңΣտ»ǺСһ˵ͷ
ԴҲġ
ȻԴҪǲôܹô͵ά켫֮ǶԴ۵ٶȿֲʵֲֿٶȱ󣬶ȻһδȥԵ
ţе֧СӵļԱжԾҲм־塣
Ҫȥǿ϶ǲȥˡ򣬶кܴķˡȥ򣬼ֱǾһںۣ٣һЩӴġ

ԺͰͼˣµ
ʱʱȥ
˽ӽһλĺ
ͼ۵ɫѿЦˡԴӽⲻʱʱĴκС
ǾԱߣÿһζʱɢ˺еͼ۵˴ˡ
Ȼһͼܹܡܲ˵ǣһ˴κУԴȴһκжû
벻ͨ
Ȼܹ͵ġ
ٺãҲһκжɣ
Դۣ㡭ǲʲôܱܿУͼ̲סԾ˳
ʱ򣬰ͼ۾ԾˡֻǣΪܹϵԵܣûʳڡʱ̲סˡ
ͼۣ֪Ųšںֶطڵ񲻾֮ǰ˵ġںֶҵġԿЦҡͷΪʲôҵĿǰΪֹһκжûһ㣬˵ʵԼú档
Դۣͼصĺһžԡ
ˣĺ档ʶʱԽָоԽǿҡ޻Ԫ˵ϹʱھУһֱǰһʱ䣬޾Уûһʦо˵ĵȴɾо˵ĸƣ붼ò˼顣
ǽֶǿֲޱȵĺУȴʶһ㣬һıܿ㡣ͼһ˵һߺݺݵҡͷԼܴ


3725 
ͼ۵ȻΪʶԣ벻ͨΪʲôԵĿǰΪֹһκжû
ⲻϳ
̫ˣʵĿ˵
ǡǺǡͼ۷Ц
ԴۣԸӦһź̺ԪʡͼָָѾԶһź
ãԷų֪̿ǰ
̺ԪʣǺܶˡźͷŵԪʣǰһŶԸ֪󣬵ͷ˵
ȻߣĲࡣĺ̺ԪʣյҲٺܶࡣͼ˵
ͼָָԨ
·޷Ԥ⣬ǵںں̽顣һȷ·ضкܶ򡣡ͼۼ˵
ֻǣټ£ά켫ʵͲðնѰˡԣԴۣǾһźԪʣͼۿԡ
ãӦһ
Դۣաһ󣬻աԪʵʱΪ㻤ͼ۶ԾԵ
˵ΪԻΪɢСֻ˵Сӣ϶ͬʱպԪʣҪС
գԵ
ţԴգؿ˭˭Ҳû𡣡ͼЦЦ
ãͿʼͰͼΪһҲûŤãطʱǼ䱦ġ
ֶ˥ھôһʱ䣬һȺֶþôнֶ۶Ҫٶ뿪ֶᱻֶϫ
۾߶תķʼպֶԪʡ
ͼھԵߣУϸ۲쾰ı仯һ־Ե仯ǾǺеҪ̽ɢ
ʹ죡ԸոԪʣоʹһ
ԪʣǺöа֮ǾġֻǸտʼգԾ;ԼڲںϵһԪԵƽ
ٶȣͲҪ೤ʱ䣬ԾղںԪ
ĿǰһʮԪ
һࡢࡢࡢࡢࡢ;ԪǴﵽԲԳһ塣ͰԪ򣬸ڲںϵģԪеĵ
֮󣬵ֶ˥ڵİǧʱԲںһԪԪеĵ
žԲϵպԪʣԪĲںϵĽȾˡ
һʱ䣬ת˲ʱ󣬾˫Ŀкһ
ͼۣˡԶߵİͼ˵
ãͼ۵ͷ̱۾պԪʡ
һٻؾպԪʡ
ֻκ󣬾ԲںԪеĵʼںԪ
ͼڵպԪʵʱٴһκУԼʱɢ˺е
ڣ߾ֹʱеļҪСܶ࣬һСƶʱеƵʺܸߡϷµļʱʱͼ۾˴κСź򸽽ֹʱһκС
ͼۣӦûһźˡԶ԰ͼ˵
ţźԪ˺ܶ࣬յЧʽ˺ܶࡣͼ۵˵ͷߣѰҸĺ򡣡
뿪źѰҸ
ʮˡͼͳ
ʮһˣͼ۵Щ
ʮˣͼ۵̺ŭ
ģʮˣУңͼ۾Ҫˡ
ºУͼʮκУԾʮΡ
ⲻ⣬СӵľԴۣһκжûְﾰɢһκĻᶼûС
ҲκУǰͼҲ̫ĸڵѽܡ
ͼۣǰʱеĴ𣿡ʵ
ǰպԪʣУҲٵĺСǰľƶϵеļʣеļʻǺϡͼ۶Ծ˵
ԲüЩˣΪʲôһκжûأ
ǡǺǡͼۿЦžԷһۡ


3726 ǿ֮
򣬾ͼѰڶ
ͼź̺Ԫʡ
֮ǰյһź̺ԪʱǾգԵһţͼա
ĺ̺ԪԽ϶࣬ԺͰͼκ󣬺̺ԪʲŻԵļ١
ڶź̺Ԫʺ󣬰ͼ۲Цһ
ԴۣҽֶҪ˻ά켫֮ˡͼϲɫĶԾԵ
ͨԪգͼ۶ԪĲںȡ˾޴Ľչͼиоά켫ֻ֮һˡ
źԼά켫֮Ϊһά켫֮ĻԪۡ
ϲͼۡæЦͼ۹ء
ͼ۰˰˵˵ϲ˵㣬һҪպԪʡԴۣά켫֮٣
Ҳе࣬ҪԪ򡣡ҡҡͷκֶ˥ڳʱܳµĻҵкܴϣά켫֮
ֶ˥ڳʱ䲻̶ǿԳʱġԴۣʱҶԺֶȥǵά켫֮ͱ˵ĕ׿մۣɾͲÿɫˡͼЩԼά켫֮ˡ
׿մ۵ά켫֮أʵ
ά켫֮ͼһ˵ά켫֮ôס˵ڵĻڻԪ֮ǰά켫ԲҲǼܵ顣
뽴ۡ׿մǣյԪӽʮ֮ࡣȻһԪǧѡ֪ǶλνֶûܶһԪ򡣵ŻԪŴۣԪһֱнͼۼ˵
˽̸֮УѰҵź
ţļŻԪ
֮УԺͰͼˣĵӰļŻԪλԪ֮
ļŻԪλԪ֮ɵСӣҲ˺µ
ԺͰͼ˿ļŻԪλԪ֮ļŻԪĸˣȻҲ˾Զˡ
˫ֹͣĿӡ
ԴۣļŻԪˣǲʲô⣿ͼ۵ʾԡ
º֮ǰļŻԪŴԷ룬ȴԾܾȻͼʶļŻԪ֮䣬ӦǴһЩ⡣
¹ϴһ£ĿǰյļŻԪйءŴ˽ҹңҪҲҪ׷¹ϴһ¡Զ԰ͼ˵
⡭һ˵ͼɫʱԵı仯
Դۣ˵˵ҶԴµĿ𣿡ͼۿžԡ
ͼ˵޷ġԿͼ˵
ŴԸ˽̸£Ҹ˶ԣ൱ˡͼ˿ļŻԪԭŻԪŻԪϹʱŴƿصĻԪռ䡣ŻԪǱѳԪռ䣬Ԫռĵޱǿ󡣡
ô˵ļŻԪվҪȫԪȨֲ뽻ԪеġļŻԪǿ󣬳󣬱ĻҪ¡
ԴۣҾãŴҪ㲻Ҫ׷¹ϴһ£㡣ʵŴ۸ͲȫԪκһߡͼ˵
ͼۣ˼Ҵˡü˵ѾӦ޲TҪҳɱ¹ϴ۵֣Ϊ¹ϴ۱𡣡
Դۣղɱ¹ϴ۵ļŻԪĻԪ֮ҪôȥɱļŻԪĻԪ֮
Ϊ¹ϴ۱𣿡
ά켫֮ҪΪ¹ϴ۱뷨Ŵ۵ʵɲ⡣Ҳǿʲô̶ȣȷǴ뽴ۺ͕׿մ֣Ҳ޷ŴۡͼĳĶԾ˵
Ŵ۵ʵȻôǿҲ¶ı顣
ԣŴ۵ʵôǿ󡣻УŻԪλԪ֮Ȼά켫֮ǵʵͬΪǿ󡣡ͼصͷ
ԶļŻԪλԪ֮ݵĶ֮˫Ҳû໥кĬ
ԺͰͼˣѰҵź
ͼԲУԲϳɢȰͼۡһκжûͼҲǿʼϰߣֻЦ˵ԴۻҪº£ȫһ


3727 Űά
ھͼչź󣬾Ԫ
ԪУԪûաܽڰھԪգǵά켫֮
ͬʱͼ۾ά켫֮ӽԼĻ˵ھ뿪ֶȥչһʱ䣬Ҳɵά켫֮
ھͼչĿź󣬰ͼ谭޾µԪ򣬳ɹά켫֮ɾͰά켫Ԫۡ
ˣͼһ˰ʮԪֻһǾά켫Բεǿߡ
ûͼǰȫԪϵά켫ʵǿĻԪۣյԪﵽʮ֮ࡣھԪУֻԪûԳһ壬ԪҲֻһûܲںϡ
񣬰ͼ۱ֻһԪһûա
˰ʮԪİͼۣʵȫԪ۷塣Ǵ뽴ۡ׿մۡϻ۵Ȱά켫֮ԪۣҲܲǰͼ۵Ķ֡
ͼۣϲϲڣҿʽˡͼ۹ֵء
Դۣνֶ㣬޷ά켫֮ġͼۿž˵
ǰĶУԱǲͬ⵽ġҾͲôԪʡû㹻ԪʣҾͲԪӶά켫֮
ԣԴۣӦúúøл㡣ͼ۱档
ͼˣӣµˣкܴջҲһԪʡ˵
ͼȴҡͷԴۣΨӣҲôջˣС
ܼ򵥡˵ļŻԪλԪۣҲ򣬵ÿյԪʣԶԶյԪʶࡣΪĸպԪʡͼۼ˵
У鵽ֻಽнѰҺһСģͿܶ鸲𡣶뾰ԴӣȴɵúܡĺУͲԴ㡣ߣ졣ͼЦ
ͼۣ˵ʵ
Ϊʲô鶼ҵµ򣿾Ϊĺи࣬һͻȫͬʱСǾȴһκжû
һ˵Դʼձѣ뾰һ˵ȻҲͺܰȫ
ǲ֪ΪʲôԼһֱûС˵
棬϶ԭģԲܹ͵ġͼ˵վǺ¡
ԴۣǼѰҺҾպԪʡҵĺȫԪʡ
ôУæܾ
Դ۲ض˵˴νֶҵջǳԤڡεά켫ͺܺá´νֶȥάɣȻҾã̫ܵά켫Բ硣ͼ۵̬ȷǳ

֪ͼˣûСľźۣ˵
׿ջԪСӣĿǰںµպԪʡ
ʱ䣬ǵǿһˡĿǰΪֹûǴ£׶༪ˡһ׿ջԪĻԪ˵
׿մЦһ˵˰ɣ޷ߡ
㿴뽴۵ĶƺҲҪȥ򡣡źָԶ˵λ˵
ڵλãܹ뽻ԪĶ顣ʱ뽴۵Ķ·УҪӡ
϶ܴ̼𣿡׿մĿ
ļŻԪĶ飬ҲǶʮ֮ǰ͵ˣһֱûźĿ˵
ĺ̺ԪȷʵԽԽˣһβһΡһԪҡҡͷ̾һ˵
ôҲȥԣ׿մۿˡ
ϣǾյԪ̫ˡźۿŕ׿մ۵
׿մ۳Ƭ̡
ź˵û̺Ԫʻ̫١Ԫʵٶȣά켫ǻңԶúܡ
ͷ˵ţǾͳһ£еƵ̫ߣ
ǣϣ
׿մۣԼԪԪۣҲʼ롣

ԺͰͼۣҵź򡣶źǾԪʣͼֻΪԻԼԪʡ
źԪʵĵ죬Ԫеĵڰˣά켫ֻ֮Ԫеĵھ


3728 һ
ԪһһգԱɵά켫֮
ˣյԪﵽʮ֮ࡣ
ǰԺͰͼպ̺Ԫʣÿ˴ԼԪʾҪѰһڰͼ۷ԪʣһԼĪͿԪʡ
ԶԪеھʼںϡ
ÿһԪԽǲںϵ棬ѶȾԽһѶ
Ҳ֪ԼҪնú̺ԪʲܲںһԪ
ʱֹȥա
۾һԪĲںѾȡ˽ϴĽչգ൱ľ롣
Դۣźֶ˥δȥǼѰһź򡣡ͼ۶Ծ˵
áԵͷ
һ£ֶ԰ͼ۵ͼۣһպԪʣЩⲻȥ
Լѡ;ͼҡҡͷԴѣͲؾùⲻȥ
ã֪ˡ˿Űͼ˵
ˣѰһźҲǾԺͰͼںѰҵĵź
ѰҺʱ䲢ࡣʱ䳤һģҲʱӾѰһź
ѰҺĹУԪ۱ȽеϮ
ͼ۵ά켫֮õ𸴵еʱ򣬰ͼѾǰ׵ľȫʶ
ά켫֮İͼۣеʱѿˡǰ޲ͬһ޷ɢе
һκжû
˵ǲԣǾȫһںлǣԼҲ̫ΪʲôвҲ޷ȷаٷְٲṥ޷ȷǰ£ԾûͼһȽб֤һЩ
һˣһйԣʱûкڵء
źԪʺûܲںԪеһͼۣѰĵ߿Ԫ
ھյ߿źĵ죬ֶ˱仯
λĴ뽻ԪСӡ
ţ뽴Ŀһɨܡ
סͷſ
뽻ԪԪۿ뽴۵ɫ仯Ҳһٶ
뿪ֶ뽴۶˵ֶ˥ڼȥڽ϶̵ʱڻָǿʢ
ǣ
ߣȥ뽻ԪԪۣڵһʱ䣬Ŵ뽴ϷС
ȻǵķٶȲ졣
ǺУ֪˺ֶ˥ڼȥҲܲܲ˵壬ǻСĺеϮ
ֶ˥ڽˣ뿪׿մҲ֪˺ֶı仯µĻԪ˵
ǣϡ
ϧˣź̺ܶԪʣȴܼˡ
ҪֶڵϫָߵˣɾԶȥˡ
׿ջԪĶԱҲʼϷȥ
ļŻԪСӳԱھݵĽ֮ҲϷȥҪԭ·ɻ뿪ֶ
ĻԪۣƵľٶֶı仯ЩάԪۻǿԸ֪ġ
ʱľԣպԪʡ
Դۡͼ۶ԾԺ
۾ͼۡ
ԴۣǱ뿪ˡֶϫҪָˡͼ۶Ծ˵
΢΢üҲӦ˺ֶ仯˿ǰĺ
һԪֻһˡԸоһ̺ԪʣԼܹһԪ򣬽ά켫֮
ѾܽӽԪ
뿪ֶԪռ䣬ǼŷȵԴĸҪһҲҪܳʱ䡣ԣȱٵľʱ䡣
ԴۣǱ뿪ˡһֶ˥ȫȥǶȻͼٴ˵
ţͼۣ뿪Եͷͬ⡣
źϷС
ִϷ֮ԭ·أֶľƶ
ϣԺͰͼˣȻûǹˡźվԺͰͼ֮üͷһԕ׿մ˵
ΪԺͰͼ˺µû뵽˻šˣһʼȥ˺һ½ӽµʱ䣬˶Ȼ˲ٺԪʡ


3729 ָ
׿մĿ⿴žԺͰͼۡ
뽴۵ˣҲתĿŸոմӺֶľԺͰͼˡ
λá׿մ۳˵
УЩζ
׿մ۵Ķ飬˴ںֶڣҲ˺µ򣬵ڽֶһº󣬲ȥʱϣȾԺͰͼ˺ܶࡣ
ԺͰͼôʱ䣬յԪʶȻܶࡣ
ԡͼӲӦ׿մۡ
׿մĿһĶŰͼۡ
ͺá뽴۲廰˵
ûӺֶ𣿡뽴ߵˡ
۵Ķ顭񶼻û뽻ԪһԪۿ˿ܣü˵
ۣһ֧СӵĶӳСԪۣά켫֮
ôûֶָˡٲͳˡ丰Щõ˵
ǵһᡣ뽴˵¶֮ɫ
Դۡͼۣںֶڣ˲Ԫʰɣźֳʵ
ţ˺ܶ࣬˴뾰Դջǳ޴󡣡ͼɨһ۾ź˵
ǺǣһνֶԴͼۣӦǶʮջˡļŻԪһԪ֮Ц˵
ǰļŻԪĶ飬ȻҲǴһʼȥ򣬵ǵĶĸˡԴۺͰͼֻۣˣյԪʱļŻԪĶ黹ҪöࡣŴ۽ӿ˵
Դͼ۵Ҳά켫ߣ͸ҵµ򡣡ϼŴ˵
ڳۣԺͰͼۣ¶Ľ
вˣֻԪʣյԪޡ
ͼԭڵ֧еĸˣҲЩζͼԭӵģڡ˵ͼۻǵĶУҲǲðսġ
ھڵȴһʱ䡣
ֶѾָˡ뽴ۺһ˵
󲿷ˣɫҲȻ
۶ԪۣڻûдӺֶֶѾָ˵λԪԶҲ޷Ӻֶˡλۣ˺ֶڡ
۵Ķ飬Ҳȥ򡣡һԪ۳˵ҿĸˣȥ򡣰ǲȥ򣬿ҲͲ
̫Σˣά켫֮ĻԪںҲΣա
ϣĸˣ
ˣΪ֮
ģ׿մһ
Ȼ¶ŭžԺͰͼ
ԡͼѲ˸ϵ׿մŭȵ
ɫһ䣬ͼ۵ĿҲ
׿մۣ⻰ʲô˼£Һ;Դʲôϵͼۺʵ
Ǵͷ۵ȥ۵˲ȥںֶڣ˵Ѳ˸ϵǴ𣿡׿մ˵
ǲ֪νͼ˵ȥԼѡ޹ءѡȥȻںֶ׼
˵ȥĶ飬ֲֻҺ;Դۡͼۿŕ׿մۡ
ͼԲµһԪʣǸ˵ѡ񡣡뽴۳˵
뽴ۣǴͷȥͲ⡣ǰǽֶΣ۵˴ûеȥ׿մۿ뽴˵
׿մۣ㵽ʲô˼Ī£ͼۺȵ
ά켫֮ʱ򣬰ͼ۵ƢֳӲԴ뽴ۡ׿մҲѾά켫֮ͣܕ׿մ۵ָ
ļŻԪĶ飬Һ;ԴͬʱģôָļŻԪͼ˵
ͼۣ˵ʱҪļŻԪͷϡŴ԰ͼ۵
ͼŴ۹˹˵ŴۣǸһʱ׿մۣ̫ˣ
ͼ׿մϢһȵ㵨˵
˵Ҹô˵׿գ㲻ԼʵǿһЩˡҸ㣬ʵǿҲҪ̫ͼ۵ۺȵ
ڳˣо˳нŵա
ճֶƺҪˡ
˶԰ͼ۵̬ȣҲǸеЩ档ǰͼԕ׿մ۵ʱȻʱҲڳѿɫȴδôǿӲֱ׿մԣֱ׿մ۵֡


3730 ֶ
ͼ۵ʵȻǿɱϾֻά켫֮ĻԪۣ׿մȴȫԪΪİά켫ǿߡά԰άʵĲ࣬޷࿹
ɽգͼȴȫûŶԕ׿մ۵Ĳ˵ʱȕ׿մ۵ҪӲ
Ԫɻ׿մ۱˶Դ˶Ϊѽ⡣ͼۣǳԴҩˣ
ͼɲ˵Щ˵ǻԼѵġ׿մ˵
׿գʡʡɣ㣬ʵѾܾˡ㲻ãңҿԸ㣬ûʲôôͼЦһ
ֲˣԴֵܡҾԴ۵鷳͵Ұͼ鷳㲻ţԣ
ͼ۵ǿƣڽչֵ쾡¡
ڳۣЩˡ
뽻ԪĴ뽴ۣ۾ɴ˺ܶࡣͼۣôˣ
ͼˣ׿մ۵Ȼܵв
վȫԪ۷Ѿܾúܾˡ
û˸Ҷô˵ȫԪУҲʹ뽴ۡŴȼܹƥСͼǰǵһ󵵴εߡڽ죬ڶ۵棬ͼҴ׿յ棡
̲ˣ
׿մ۶ŭˣɱǻۡ
䣡ԕ׿մϣֲ򲨶
֮ʱڡ
嫵ѹӕ׿մ۵ͷų
ڳĶۣҲά켫֮Ԫۣܳܵס׿մͷųѹ
׿մҪˡ
ȻͼһӶû׿մۡά켫ǿߕ׿մۣȻˡ
һսҪˡ
׿մ۶԰ͼ۳֡ͼۿ϶Ǖ׿մ۵Ķֻ֣ǲ֪ͼܹŶãҲ֪Դۻ᲻֡
Դûа취֡оź۵λ׿ջԪۡ
䣡
ڕ׿մͷųѹ֮󣬰ͼҲ˿ûõ˼߶棬ͬµѹ
Կ˿׿մۺͰͼۣûȰˡҲ뿴ʮԪİά켫֮ǿ߰ͼۣܷʵϳԽԶһ߸ģĕ׿մۡ
ţ
Щԣ
ͼͷŵǿˡ
ȷʵǿˡǰϣͼ뾰Դ۽ֵʱ򣬻δǿѹ
ͼۣǵά켫֮˰ɣ
ڶۣĿתĶŰͼۡЩʵǼǿ԰ͼͷųѹǿȣǸ֪ҲȽ
ͼۣѾǰά켫ˡŴ΢΢һŰͼ˵
ĵά켫ˣ
ͼ۱ڰά֮⣬Ҳкܳܳʱˡ񣬵ά켫ˣ
ͼ۵ά켫֮ǿʵͲڕ׿մ֮˰ɣ
۵̸ʱ򣬰ͼѾ׿մ潻֡˸ȡԼԷչ˼ҵĹ
ֵĹ̺ܶݡ
̣ԼĪҲһʱ䡣˽ֿĿٶȶӡ
ά켫ͼû뵽㾹ά켫֮ˡ׿մ˵
ͼ۽֮󣬕׿մ֪ͼѴά켫֮ﵽ˰ά켫֮
׿մеķŭʱѹ
ͨһν棬׿մ۾ʶԼ޷˰ʮԪİͼۡͼյԪ׿մۡؼǣͼѵά켫֮
û˴νֶѵά켫֮ͼ۴˵
ԣ˵˴ܹά켫֮ұҪлˣǾԴۡǾԴӽУҾͲлά켫֮
׿գҪ𣿡ͼսȻ߰
ոյά켫֮һĴս׿մۣǷǳõĶ֡
ߣ׿մһȴδ¶ֵ˼
ͼںֶڣά켫֮ԴںֶڣҲкܴջɣ
ǻ˵ôԪʣ벻ѡ
ҾãԴۿҲӽά켫֮ˡ
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λѣǸûȥˡ뽴ʱ˵
˴νֶУȫԪԣǾ޴ʧȻӻҪֶָЩ˸÷ظԵĻԪռˡ
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˹Ԩۣ֪˺ֶλáϻλۣӺֶˣ˵
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ֶ϶зǳص鷢ˡרѯʹԨۺֶλãһרŸϹ
ǰֶ֪ľλá
ϣˣɫһص˵
Ԫˣ˵
ʲô
Ԫ𣿡
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ԪôḲ𣿡
۵ĻǴ뽴ѯʣĻԪҲɫѯʡ
ԪɲͨĻԪռ䣬һάԪռ䡣ȫԪάԪռôһЩκһάԪ⣬ȫԪĹע
֮ǰԪ뾰ԻԪֳôìܣĽҲֻճ֮⣬ԪδָΪص⡣
˵һάԪĸ𣬶ܵ뽻ԪȻԪռע⣬˵һάԪռˡ
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ǲ֪ʲô˹ԪȥԪûз̫
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˵˫üԪ𵽵ôġ
ۣҲ˫ü壬һʱЩ졣
ȴǡ⡯һ£뵽˺ڌIۡ
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ô죿нǡ
ڣά켫֮ûдﵽԸڌIֱۣ췽ҹ̷
ڌIɸһάԪռ䣬ԣò˶೤ʱ䣬ͽӵдݻȫԪʱȫԪ飬޷ѺڌI۵ħצ
뽴ۣǱٶȸϻȥ¡ͼۿ뽴˵
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뽴ۣλۣȴǼ˵ѾٽֶλȰҡ
£Ա߶ֶľڡ
Դۣ
Դۣͼۺ׷ȥֹԽֶ
ȻԵٶ̫죬ûü׷ϾԣԵӰѾ뾵ڡ
˶žԵıӰʧںֶľڡ
⾰ԣǻ𣿡׿մۺһ䡣
ˣԴķˡ֪״ĺֶжô¡Ǿά켫֮ǿߣҲ״̬µĺֶдáԴֻۣά켫֮ߡ

ۣ̾ϢҡͷʱֶɣܻųˡЩˣҲ޷ֶȾԴۡ
˵ԴѾһˡ
Դ뽴ҡҡͷ̾һ˵ˣǣٷأ

ٶȣֶľڡոս룬оֲѹ˺˷ûԽ߶£ֵǿ
ɿռԾ󣬾ǰָ
ںֶڡ
ֶڵȷʵǿ˺ܶܶ࣡ұ룬º£Ԫʡֻеά켫֮лᣬԸڌIۣԺһ˿ǰǰҲǺµλȥ


3731 ά
ںֶָ󣬾ѡֶԲҪѰ·
ھ˵ֶδֻ·һͨһνֶһЩ뷨ͼں£ͼʮνӽʮκĹȴһκжûͼ˵ⲻǼܹ͵ġ
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ںֶвҲǺевԼԼںֶڵΣվͲô󣬼ǻָ״̬ĺֶԶҲǱɡ
ȻȲѣȷʵôϵֶάԪռԪĸ𣬸˾ԸѹͽȸС
Լδά켫֮֮ǰڌI۱ָʵǵʱԵľͲһΣգıˡ
ֶڣԿźȥ
ڵִµ·ϣǸܵ˺ֶڴеΣϢȷʵǲδе
ֶָ״̬ʱɲ²кеֶпڶʱ
ţ
ԴӺϷüͷɵ
ܿռɫʣǰŨ˲֪ٱ֮ڣһƬ磬޷ۿڡ̽飬ǰȣܵ˸ƺѹơ
£ѰҺѶ˺ܶܶࡣ
·ˣֻǰˡһ˵
֮ǰļ䣬Իں³ٶȻͼӵʱֻǺķѼʱʱ䣬͵˺µ򣬶Σȴķ˼ʱ䣬Ž
Ǽû˴ӦǺˡѰҺӶ̺Ԫʡ˵ͷ
һ·ϣԻûУþԵͷ΢һЩ
һµʱ䣬ںҵ˵ڶźҵĵһźǲ֮ǰչԪʵĺ̺Ԫ˺ܶ࣬ԾԷһźѰһź
ţź̺ԪʱȽ϶࣬աںĽǰԺͷת
ţʼתķպԪʡ
һʱ
ˣһǿϢԾᴫ
ά켫֮
ԣԪеһ˰ά켫֮
񣬾ȫһࡢࡢࡢࡢࡢࡢ;Ԫ򣬰ԪУδա
յԪﵽʮ֮ޡ
ά켫Ŀһâ
ǣǲά켫֮пܶԿڌIۡ˿սǰ̺Ԫʡ

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һԭǿʢĻԪռ䣬ǳױ⿪
뽴۵ۣӺֶλãķһµʱ䣬ϵ
⵽ô£ԪӣһԪۣǰӴޱȵķ棬˵
ۣҲ𣿡뽴۵ʵ
ϣˡԪڵߣʱδлŵġмŵߣǵʱҲԪ֮ڡϿȷԪʱֻҪڻԪռڵߣӦȫˡֻǣûҵߵŹǣԪռ飬·ͻȻ䱻ˡ۳˵
⡭ͬѰŴ۳УһЩرĶ
Ŵ˵ûԪĸ𣬺ܲǶôǿĻԪռԪսҲϢɱһάԪռе顣ôֻһֿԣԪĶǲϤĻ˵ά켫֮Ŀ丰ۣ˵
ܰɣ
ôᡭ뽴۵ݣЩ԰ף˫ĿУʱкȻ֮ɫ
뽴ۣλۣ
ʱ򣬰ͼǰһͼۣλԪķС
ǺУͼ۵ܴ
ಣ뽴۵ͬʱ˰ͼ۵Ľǰ
հͼ۵ָ˺ܿͷǼĺɫʡЩɫʣֻǵһ㣬ǲ
۶ԣǲİֿµʣеʣƺȫһ
ǵڶڌIħͷ˰ɣ׿ջԪľźۣһ
뽴۵˵Ŀ⣬źۣÿ˵ɫȵѿ
ʵ󲿷ۣжƵжϣֻǴҶҲԸϡ


3732 ͼ۵Ķ
Ԫֳļ󿴣ԪʱڌIħͷֶơ
ǣڌIħͷѾŴԪǿ߸
ѵֵֶһµĺڌIħͷ
ˣǸô죿ĻԪûеڶŴˣһά켫֮߶ûСڵĻԪͲ赲ڌIħͷ
дɫȷʵǺֶ뽴ͳ˵
ԪϢ㸲ˣǡô죿һԪ֮޷εĻҡ
ڶڌIħͷ˶ϵÿһ˵ûܹȻԡ
ʣҲҪԼŻԼҿӦǺֶĵڶڌIħͷҼǵϹʱڣڌIħͷʱȫԪзǳҵңڌIħͷ󣬿ûԼм뽴
뽴˵ûڌIħͷԵǺڌIħͷǶȻһʱܷټŴҲͷ˵
ŴۣҲμӹʱĴսŴ۵£ֻΪʵСûʸμ֮ս
λѣҶȻԼĻԪռ䣬ȻҪСĽ䱸һκ쳣̴ѶҴ뽻Ԫ֪뽴۶˵
á
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뽴ۣҵȾһ
ۣ뽴۸뿪
뽴ۣҲˣǡͼ뽴۹˹ֺ뿪
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ͼûлԼİͼԪ˾ԻԪ
뽴ۣ޲Tͼ۵е⡣
ͼֱۣ˾ʥ޲Tǰ
޲Tͼ۶޲T˵ͷ
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˴Σ뾰Դ۽һյأطΪաԴۣǸطºܳһʱ䶼޷
׿ջԪԾԻԪҵľԴ۲ڵʱ׿ջԪԾԻԪԣȹ㣬̸̸¡ͼͳٺܿ졣
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ˣҾ˵ôࡣҪʱ̶ŕ׿ջԪ׿մˣսթһҪСġͼ˵仰ת뿪
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άǿ߽յأɣ
ϾԴյأܻ
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ڲԪеĵ
źԪʺ󣬾ԿʼѰһź
֪䣬ںµڲϵ䡣
ѰһźĹУλãǻԪ֮ĵطˡԼȴδʶһ㡣
պ󣬾ٴҵһź
źԪʺ󣬾˰ԪеĵʼںϵڰԪˣյԪǴﵽʮֻܹ֮࣬ά켫Բ硣
ǽӽά켫֮ںԪӵѶȣԽǿֲ
ѹ֣뽴ۡŴ۵ˣڰά켫֮޷õͻơ
˵һԪˣά켫֮󣬲ļԪѶȶ쳣ľˡڤڤ֮УƺһֹļԪ򡣡
ԪѺܹٵά켫֪֮ϹʱڣŴôﵽάԲġŴҲֶڣһЩջɣ
ʱľԣԼĸоҪά켫ֶѲ˸ϵ


3733 µײ
Ŵ۴񣬴۽ֶԪʣһΪֹڌI۵ĵһҲΪûԪָľά켫ԲԪۡ
ϧǣŴڶԪǿߣûܹɱڌIۡ
ʱľԣҲڿǣֶܵһڌIۣǷҲܵڶڌIۡڌIںֶĿǰֻ֪ӦԪйأ֪Ϣ
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ںֶܺеϮѵ뾰֮ǵǿźйͻȻ뵽֮Ǻġ
֮ǰһʱԲδ֮ǵĺ롣Ϊ֮źΧֶλ뾰֮ʵ̫Զ̫Զˡоǣ֮ǺûԪ
֮ǵĺѽϵ͸ӦڼΪңԶĵ򣬶ԸӦ֮ǵĺ򡣡
˾֮ǵĺ⣬ʵ벻һʲôط뽴ۡͼǲͬϵĻԪۣںֶڣ֮ȫС
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ѵǡ뾰֮ǵĺϵԺֶڵĺ㽫ΪͬࣿԺðһ󵨵뷨
֪еҲں൱һԴںֹŹֹ塣
ˣʱҲŪԭ򣬵ܹһ¡Ϯңұ޷ںֶ棬Ҳ޷ά켫֮ҡҡͷҵ˼Ժ
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ںµ򣬲ͣѧѰҺ
źԪʺ󣬾˰Ԫеĵڰ
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Ȼھϵ˼źԪʺ󣬾ԵͷȴǱ
ΪʱѾڲںϰԪеһǣպԪʺȴǰڲԪʱȡԵĽչ
˵ԵĽչˣϸĸ֪£оһԪĲںзֺչ
ԪʣǲܰҲںԪ𣿡
ˣô죿ܲںһԪ򣿡
Ԫ򣬾Ͳܵά켫֮
֮صʱҸͲֶ֪طҲûŴѯصŴۣҲûжֶԽ˫ü
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ԲһߣֻܼϣڵԼյԪ㹻ʱܹȡýչ
һգѰһźʱͫȻһ
ǡģĿԼ·ռ䣬һЩµı仯
·ռ䣬ǿյĻ״̬һЩɫĹΡ
Сĵ·ƶɫθһЩ
ⲻǹΡ
ƺһЩ״ʡ
ϸĹ۲죬ЩɫĿȻǳϸСȷǲǹΡ
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ɫϣδԵԾԵӴҲûвκεķӦ
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ڿһ󣬾֣ӴɫĿȻ߶ԼָγǿϣԷֹⷢ
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ǣԵ۾̵ɴˡΪоЩɫļɼĿ˼ȱ֮⣬ޱȵĳء
صʲô̶أ
Ҫ֪ʱԿǴ߶ָγϵġ֮£޷ƶɫƶֺЩɫͷ·Ǳڿռ֮ڡ
˵ǽڿռҲǲסԾǿƥûʲôռܹס
⵽ʲô˿ĿЩȻ
δ˳ص
ú󣬾ҡҡͷεٴƶԼ壬Աƿɫ۵ĵش
ǡ𣿡ƹɫش󣬾Կ·ռľ


3734 ۼ
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ԻԪ֮ȫԪִܹµĵײ
µײ½ӽһЩѿ
ȷʵǵ˺µײ
µĵײ󣬵λڴ˴ʱܿµײ
Ҳ˵ֶڵĺ£ϴС©״
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µĵײһЩʲôأתͷĿ۲ܡ
Լɼµײﻷ⣬ܶණ
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ΪѾǰһƬɫʡֺɫʣȻİǰͼ˽ʮ֮ࡣûԿһƬɫʣǺе
ֻǣ԰ͼģڰͼ۵ϣǾԶ޷һʱھڵģȴǶѻһķǳԵһƬ
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Ϊξۼ˶ס˺
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3735 
ھԳΪԭ¹ϻԪĻԪ֮ǰ׿ջԪӡ
ʱ򣬕׿մҲûþԵ£뵽ԵٶȾ֮졣
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㾰ںֶڣ׿մԾԻԪбȻԻԪйߣܵõĺôȲ˵˵ͼŷɵûڻԪռ䣬پԻԪĵ¾ԻԪܹõ
£׿ջԪҪԻԪҲƿ뽻ԪǣƣŻԪ뽻ԪҲѹ˼ˡƺڌIħͷ֣뽻Ԫ뽫ȫľ׷֮ϡ
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ͼŰͼԪһЩǿ߽һ֮С
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ڣǻŽĻǻԪ뽴̾Ϣһûа˵Ļ˵ꡣ

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ѾӴеһЩûڽӴ֮ʶҲûܵ˿Ӱ졣
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Ϊûбþİ١˳̨ȥҲᱻҪעģǳڿܻΣա
棬ỹʲôɣ̲ס롣
ȻѾҲҪȥˡ˼ת̨̤ס
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ӲûоеԼֻ˼ʮ̨ףԱ㵽˳ӵĵײ
ڳӵײڡԵҰΧҲ֮˺ܶࡣӵĵײһࡣ
ʲôĿⶢһյ֮ϡ
ֵɫɫ·һһЩɫĹת
ǰϸۿ
տʱ򣬾ΪԼɫ֮ǰɫϸ쿴ŷ֣ɫĹĹΡ
Ӵ
˻Ӵɫ壬Զʱоһɺ嫵ƥĵ֮ڡ
Դδ߸ܵ˿ֲǿĵ֮
ΪþԾǣɫе֮ȴ֪κεĵ
Ҫ֪Ѿ˰ʮԪİά켫֮ĻԪۡȫԪδյԪֻһѡҲ˵ȫԪУҲӦоԶ˽ĵ֮
ǰȴľôˡһ̺ƥ֮壬ȴһûи֪
Դδô顣
⾿Ǻ
Ϊʲô
ʲô˽𣿡
ŴǷ񵽹ǷɫĶðͷ
֮󣬾ٴζ֣ԽɫõС
˳
ھɫĹУûܵκεĹҲûиоʲôڡɫ壬ɵľͱõС
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õкȷһ¡ⶫȷʵһ濴ԿһӣԼĪȭͷСĿӡ
ţ
ʱ򣬾ԿһϿƮΪϸСԿȴİƮĶǰӴɫ


3736 ̷
Բɴ۾ɫ
ǰɫӴʱ߶޷ɫֺȻʱɫȴڻƮ
⵽ʲô˻һ
ֻһɫƮ䡣
ھԵĿע֮£ɫƮеɫĿӣȥɫɫ֮ڡ
Ե۾ɵøˡ
ɫֱ޷ǾԹġȻɫȴ·һë㼸ûɫɫ֮ڣȴûиозֺӡ
һУЩԵ֪ˡ
ɫΪʲôɫ֮У
ɫѵʢЩɫ
ɫʲôʲôô
ǰ쿴ɫûз
ͻȻˮ
ˮڴ
ǾԲζһɫԴˮҲ˵ˮĳҺ塣
Щˡ
ʢŵĲɫôֱҺˣԵ˵
۾ͨӣҪ澿ľȻֻܿɫΡҲڲ
룬һӴռȡһɫ̳ӡ
ʲôˡ԰
תɫҪĶԼóĽɫ̳СŽǶбȫתҲûжɫ
üɫתٴλζһɫ
ˮȵһøΪ
⡭졣
ζɫˮ㵹ʱûκζ
һ£ٷɫڶ׼ԼóĽɫ̳ӿڡ
һ

ʮʱ󡭡
ˣ
жˣ
˼ʮʱ䣬ڿһҺɫɫҺУй˸βǿңԿһҺ壬ȴоƺɹâγɵģͺǹ⻯ΪҺ塣
һɫҺɫӱԵ䡣
䵽˽ɫ̳С
꣡
һɫҺոɫ̳ӣɫ̳˲顣
۾Щֱ
ɫ̳ӣɲѰǾԶĶʹõǻԪĲϡô˵Ǹά켫֮ĻԪۣҪٵɫ̳ӣҪķѲٵ
һɫҺɫ̳ӣ˲üޱȵĽɫ̳ӷ顣
ĿתĶŷ˵Ľɫ̳ӣѰһɫҺ塣
ˡԿɫҺ塣
ţüͷ΢΢һ塣
ѹ˽ɫ̳ӵɫҺ壬ʱµı仯һЩɫĹΣ·ǴɫҺϻӷ˳ɫɢһɫҺ彥ʧ
áþȵԺһ̲ס仰˳
ֻ΢ĸһЩɫҺӷɫΣᵽһִδܹľ
̲סҪһԿȻյʱɫ뵽˿ռ֮Ӱ
дŵģƺһԴԪУûеԴ
Ӧý̷š
ʱҲȷɫڵҺ壬ǲ̷ܹӷɫҺӷɫҺ̺ΪȵǽգضΪṩ޴
ԿɣӦáǶҩԵ
һΣֱӽɫٵͷӶ£Լſ죬ɫҺ廬
ֻһΰɣ̲ס롣
ɫֻһҺ壬ǿɾ͡һҺǱ˷ѵˡ
Ǽʮʱȥ
һɫҺ壬ɫӱԵ䣬뾰ԿС
䣡
׵ģֱˤڵء
أʵ̫ˡ
ԵԴǶ뵽˵֮С
׼߶ôһҺ壬ѽԵ϶¶ˡ
ˤĶʱԵ壬ѹơָо˵úܿ졣
ɫҺھԿлӷɹΣɫιͨȫȵͬʱӿ
Ĵ߶ķתޣȫ΢綼ӿľޱȵ
ѪɫӿھҵĲ
ѪˮƤ˳ܣۣҫŵΡ
Ե棬ĴĿĵѺۡ
סҧԼ壬ڿµ֮²⡣
ҲҿѾά켫֮˰ʮԪά켫֮ʱǾԿܸ߶΢ͻ


3737 ά
һɫҺ̺ȫ˾Ե֪
Ȼʱ޷ȥ˼һɫҺ徿̺˶ô˵
ʱԵǣ΢ģֹͣķת΢΢ٻ嶼ᱻһɫҺ̺ű
Ҫ֪Ѿǵά켫֮ʮԪĻԪءȫԪҲĻԪˡˣ޷סɫҺ
Խ߾ȫܵɫҺ̺
УԶ԰ԪеھԪĲںϽȣµı仯ڴ֮ǰϡ˲ٺ̺Ԫʣ޷Լ԰ԪһԪĲںȡýչʱһԪĲƽ
ʱһȥ
ԼǶʮʱ
˴ʱһɫҺ̺ԲϵգűÿԿҲǵʱԲſ΢ٵһԼͻֱ
ֹʮʱ䡣
ˣһµĸоԾӿ
Ե壬һǰδеı仯
嵽΢磬ٵԵĸ֪һ˲䣬˿˵Ƿ츲صı仯
ʲôһ̣Իûʶʲô
ܿ죬ʶԼ¸оԭһԪ򡣾ԣѾ˰ԪеĵھԪҲ˵Ѿ˾žŰʮһԪѵά켫֮ɾ;ά켫Բ硣
صĺһ
ϸֳϲ֮ɫ
ڡڵά켫֮ﵽΣһЩԿڌI۵ıǮ
ɫҺ壬ʲôĶҽ̷һɫҺ壬ǽһԪֱӲںϵգԵ˵
ңһɫҺ̺ʱһûȫյһ
һɫҺ̺󲿷ֶѾաʣԼĪķ֮һҵھԵ΢С
ţüͷ΢΢һ塣
æ۾񣬲鿴Լ塣
ǰù켫켫̺ܱһںգǸھԵ档ھֶʱв켫ʱ˿̣Щŵȫ뾰ԵΪһ塣
þΪԾĻЩ壬ڷһ־Կı仯壬屾ǽɫԽǿ󣬽ɫĹξԽŨֻǾԣԪߵ壬Ҳǳֽɫ켫̺Ϊɫ
ڣԵ壬ȴǴӽɫһɫת䡣ĿǰתĻǺܹܶ࣬óɫ仯
Ǳɫˡ鿴Ƭ̺󣬾ڽɫĹâ֮пһЩɫӰӡ
ҵ壬ĪҪɫ𣿡Щ¡
۾˿յɫ뵽ɫҺ塣
ӽɫɫѵҺʲôϵԲȷֱ仯Ǻ»ǻ¡
ԲܻţΪδоԼʲôʵĵط˵ʮһԪά켫ԲҲʵ
ɫתԽԽ졣
ʱ򣬾ǵ˺һᣬڽɫпɫӰӡǽģɫתٶڼһʱ䣬һӱɫɫԽŨͺء
ֵ֮һյʱ䣬ԵȫɫȥΪ󡣱ɫ壬ɢ΢ӡ΢ƣҲ𽥱ɫ
ʱھǰܹԵ˫֮ҲżԼĹ֡

֮ǡ
λźĳУһֱźĻԪͨΪԪͨĴڣԻԪлвʵǿĻԪ켫֮ĻԪУʹûԪͨź
ԳΪе˺ֻ뿪źʱһΣ֮ṳ̂㡣
ԽеĹת˾޸۸𣬾޸ҲһֱȽϾģеķչ廹ǺܲġУҲ˲ʵǿĻԪ۾ס
Ӿ֮Ҳֱ˽ĻԪͨԾ޸Ҳʱȥ˽˽򣬵õ˲ٹھԴ۽Ϣ֪Դ۳һάԪռˣԭ¹ϻԪˡ޸ۣҲȥԴۡ
ֻǣðȻ뿪֮ǣֵгʲô⣬޷ϾԴ۽


3738 ƶ
޸Ŀǰδ켫֮
ͨԪУ޸۵ʵǽǿȻ֮ǵߣе켫֮ĴڡЩǿߣ޸۵ȳԱҲСӦ
֮ǵĳоԲõ󷨣һά켫֮ĻԪ۵ҲѹƳ󷨷
ڹȥһʱЩ֮ǵ켫֮߶Ծ޸۵ҲܿЩ켫֮߼ʶ٣ٶ֪֮ǵ˾ԴǸά켫֮ǿߣԭ¹ϻԪĻԪ֮ԣԼ㲻ڣЩԪҲʲôֵ顣
һʱ䣬޸۷֣һЩǿ֮ȴǲôˣлԪʹûԪͨź򶼾ܾ֧֮á飬޸۴ܳϾĸʵ޷켫֮߿⡣
޸ˣ
һգ޸ڳڣһĹ´Ҵǰ
£޸Ťͷʵ
ɱˣЩš
˵ۣһά켫֮ǿߡۣ֮ǣ֮ʱ䡣
ΪʵΪǿԾ޸۹ĳ棬ǷǳŴģרһݻĸۡһʱ䣬ھ֮Ǻֱ֣ܲӴҾ޸Ҫϻ¶
ɱˣ޸Ƥ
ţۡ˱˪ᡣµͷͳ͸ź⡣
˪Ǿ֮ǵһᣬģСһڲϻ¶Ȫۡ˪Ļ᳤˪ۣҲԡ˪޸۹ĳϵһֱάֵúܺá
˵˱˪󣬾޸϶ʱ¶ŭݡ
Ϊʲô˪ᣬ˶ˣ޸ѹŭʵ
˪䣬˪󲿷ֳԱС˱˪󣬰ռ˱˪޵¶Ȫۡ˵Ǳ˪ȣ˱˪ᡣ˵¿˿޸ۣûм˵ȥ
˵ʲô޸ۺȵ˵
ۻ˵ɱ޹µͷ
˶ģ̫ˣǾԴ۵ĳУ޸۵ͺ
ںܶϣ޸۶ǿߡǣڳɱˣǵߡԴھ֮ǣҪСɱڳڷеɾͻнɾԴ۵֮ǰӡ
޸۳ǰ˪פء
޸۵˪ʱɫ۵ۻȪ۸лһƿ·ʹϻ¶
ۼ޸۵ֻһۣδ
ۣ㴥˾֮ǵɷ޸ɫѿ˵
޸ۡ۾ž޸˵˵ģӦɱ˱˪һЩ°ɣ²ܹңǱ˪˶Ҳȡ˪᳤᳤ۣƫ̻ԼԱ
˪Ůˣŭҡž޸ۣܹﶯɱˡ۶Ծ޸Ц˵
Ӧ֪ڸά켫֮Ԫ۾Դ۵ġ޸۵
ҵȻ֪ô޸ԾԴ۵ͷŻ𣿡ɫһ
˵ǣȻУ͸سеɷ޸˵
ʲôƨɷӲΣվȵ޸СþŻңӾɱˣΣ޸ǾԣҺΣ
Ѿ˵ԴɵϢȻֶ֪ȵϢȷԴˣϢšΪ֪Դˣھ֮ԣɱ˾ɱˡ
㡭޸ŭɶ
ǣûʲô취ܶԸۡһδ켫ߣά켫ǿǰԷһͷˡ
ˣ
ʱһǿޱȵܲȻ١
ܵĳ֣֮Ƕ֮
޸ۣۡͬʱȻϿտȥΪܾǴϿմġ
⡭ôˣ޸ۿڳϿյˡ
ûѾبڳϿ޾µˣǴδ顣
ţˣҲ˵һ䡣
ڣ߶̧ͷϿյ
Ŀע֮£򣬾ǻƶһԪƶ
޸۵Բ۾֪ʲô顣ͻȻԼƶ


3739 
بھ֮Ͽյ򣬴δйƶֻһֱͷʣþۼھ֮ǵߵԳھڴˡ
ʱ˿̣ȴƶ
ά켫ۣ֮Ҳ۾ƶҲ˼𺳡
ƶֹͣ෴ٶƺڼӿ졣
ٵĹУͷŵܲҲڿǿ
׷ʲô飿
Ҫȥ
ѿҪɳ֮ǵķΧˡ
ѵҲ𣿷ƶ
Ҳ£ǿ򡣡
ôܣ˭ά켫֮ǿ߶޷̽ڲ˵ˡ
ԪҪо䷢ˡ
뿪֮ǣô죿ûͷŵʣǸ޷ھ֮ǳʱȥ
֮ǣߵĿⶼڶ໥̸û˺¡
޸СˣСǺǣҲҪˣڣȥź򿴿۽һЩϻ¶ԼĴռ䣬뿪
޸ûֹۣΪֹˡңҲû˼۽档ͻȻȥȻþ֮ǳֶ˼ô졣

֮ǵٶԽԽ졣
ģٶܹﵽά켫֮Ԫȫеٶȡ
ֹһЩʱ䣬ķٶѾάǿ˲ơ
ɢܲҲĺ嫡˭Ҳ֪һ򾿾̺
뽻Ԫ
ϣٶȣ뽴ǰ
ۣոսӵһѶϢһѶϢ𾪡
лԪռ串𣿡뽴˫üһʵ
ϣβлԪռ串Ϣҡҡͷ˵֮ǵǿź򣬷ˡ
ʲô뽴һû۵˼
֮ǵһź򣬴뽴۵˵Ҳ֪ȫԪǿߣ֪һź򣬵ǿźԪûˡңԪǿҲ޷̽򣬸ܿƺԾ֮ǵһźԻԪǿû̫ô˵ûʲôֵ
ԣ뽴Ĵڣһ㲻ȥעһź
뽴֪֮ǵĺǱһά켫֮ںܾǰӺֶȥģһλά켫ԲεǿߡҲҪԪ֮ǰڵȼλά켫Բǿ߶Ŵһͬˡ
ϣ֮ǵĺˣѲھ֮ǡ׷źʱȷҪһ˵
ǿźߣ뽴Ҳ벻ͨ
Ӿ֮ǱߴϢźڷ֮ǰס֮ǵߣûκ׼ͻȻƶȻɳ˾֮ǡҡҡͷ˵
ͬʱ
׿ջԪ桢ͼ۷桢ļŻԪ桢丰Ԫ棬ЩάԪռάԪռ䣬Ҳ½ĵõϢ
ǿźھ֮ǵʱûʲôǿ߻ȥעźˣȫԪǿ߶ע
׺ƻԪ
׺ƻԪһάԪռ䡣ȫԪԪռĴڸвǿԪ֮׺ƴۣҲһλԸΪº͵ߣ뿪ԼĻԪռ䡣
һգ׺ƴԼʥڱĿͻȻоһɺ嫵ܲԪռ䡣
ô£
ţ
׺ƴ۸ܵܲɫ䣬Ŀ¶֮ɫһʱͷɳԼʥ
һʱ䣬жԪռͻȻ串иάԪռһҹ֮䱻һԪռ䶼ܽţһľԼĻԪռ䡣
ʱ׺ƴģԼĻԪռǲҪʲôµݻˡ
ͻȻֵܣʵ̫̫ˣ׺ƴ۸֪ѹǴӻԪ⴫ݵԼĻԪռڡ
ϣһԪ۷ɳ۵׺ƴǰǲ׺ƴµҪԱ
ʲôˣ׺ƴصµԪۡ
ϣһԲ򣬸ոմǻԪռ洩ԲмΪֲܲɢһݵǻԪռڲǻԪ
Բ򣿡׺ƴһЩ
ǵģǻԪһЩĿԲ˵ǿĺɫԲǾ֮ǵ򡣡Ԫ۵˵ͷ
׺ƴ۵˵۾ߣȥԪ⿴
ϣԲٶޱȾˣʱѾˡǻԪҡҡͷ˵
ʱ򣬲׺ƻԪڳֵܲȷʵҲʧˡ


3740 ʮһ
ȫԪĸάԪڹע֮һźķټ
ڳڣ뽴۵˾ԲȷһźеĿĵأź쳣άȻԪайءģǷһЩߣ˴⡣
źƺڷֶ뽴ۿ»õϢ鱨΢΢ü˵
й켣ȷʵźֶλҲ֪˺ֶľλãǰȥֶ뽴Ԫһ¡
źΪͻȻҪغֶ뽴ۻ벻ס
ǶԺ˽ûġҲ˵̺ƥ޷ѡʲôھ֮޾µĺΪͻȻ᷵غֶ
ңһȺ۲ǰŽֶֶڣӦûеʲôµôô£
ϣѵǺֶǱʲô仯Ŵ뽴ۡ
ֶѻָ״̬ʲô仯أ뽴ҡҡͷ
άԪռ䣬ҲƵۡ
ʱֶڡ
ںµײĳ֮УԵ壬ȫɽɫתΪɫ΢磬ͬɫÿһ΢硣
ԸоԼ壬ƺĳֽɫ壬ǰĽɫ壬ƷԵ
̧ͷϷȥĿ⣬һſյĺ
ֶڵӰ쾰Ե
ά켫Բ
һ֮𡣡Ե˵һ䡣
ֿǰɫ֣ɫٴõС
еɫһë㼸ûɫԵĸоǰȫͬ
͸ƿڣԿɫҺ壬֮ǰ̷ɫҺ塣ɫҺУɫĿ
ȻˣɫҺ壬ЩɫɫڣΪ̺ƥɫҺ塣۾΢΢
ɫҺ̺̫ǿˣǰά켫֮ĻԪ۵壬ҲԳܵסԵ˵
󣬾ԽɫŻԶǹɫӺֶȥ뵽ȫԪڿܹܶʹɫҺ塣߾ǣһ˺ֶЩɫͿ޷ɫڣҲͲµɫҺ֡
ԾԾãԺҪĻԪԼֶѰɫ
ŴҲҲûɫߡ԰
ȻȷŴǷ񵽹
ɫŻԭ֮󣬾Կʼ˳̨ף߳ӡ
󣬾ϷȥɫĵطͣЩϸСɫ
֣ɫһԼʱ޷ƶɫֺһΣɫƶȻȴܹƶ
ʱ򣬾ԵĿ⣬ɫӴڳڵʱ򣬾ԿһӴĺ
ź򣬱Ҫ̺ԪʣǼࡣ֪ԪʣǷʵа롣
ϾѾ˰ʮһԪϿ˵ﵽ˻Ԫ¡
ԲȷԼǷӦոԪʣոԪǷܼԼʵ
һӦýӽһӴĺ򡣡Ե
Ӵ򣬶ԾԷ·һµ
ƶһſɫһ·ӽӴ
˽ǰԷų쿴Ӵĺǰͼ۶Ծ˵Ҫֶ̽ĺΪᵼºбûԾԲܺйԵǲ̫Ĳ̽Σա
ɵ͸ڲ
ڲԿһɫУ࣬鲼ڲռ䡣
ţɫ΢΢һ䡣
֪Լϸͨ˺ڲĴС̼죬ֻ˲Ĺ򣬾ԶûзӦ
һ̣ͻȻǾԲ̽Ӵµĺ
ʲôˣԵ壬һЩϢ
ԸӦ֮ǵĺˡ֮ǰԾܹ֪֮ǵĺ򣬿ɴʱоǿźˣҴӾֶ֮ӽ
ʮһź򣡡ԺУһЩϢȷ֪һаʮһ֮ࡣ
аʮţϾ֮ǵһţǰʮһţԪȫӦ
Щÿһź򣬶ĳϵԺܿͷ֣Լеĺ򶼲ĳµϵ
еĺ򣬶ĸ֪֮¡


3741 
Եɺ谭ÿһź
رĺڣддڣЩУ̺嫵
ĺڲ޺дڣһɫľ塣ÿһ壬̺ͬ嫵
ѹЩ򶼿ͷųܡ
򵽵γɵģвðʡ
ڲ̽ĹУüͷ΢΢һЩµķ֡
򣬲ƳİɣԵ˵
ںڲһЩΪµĺۼۼģԻȷ
ƺЩ򣿡Ӵһźڲɫʱһջ
ƺɫ塣
Ҳ˵Խһ
ܹǸΣ
Կ񣬿ʼһź
ԾԵԼûκεþĹ̲̫ѡΨһľǣڲɫʵ̫࣬ҪҪķѲٵʱ䡣

ԪУһźԿֲٶźֶС
һźķٶȣֻҪʱִֶܹʱֶķٶȣǵô뽴۵Ȱά켫֮Ԫ۶޷ĵز
˵Ǵ뽴۵Ȱά켫֮ĻԪȫ˲ƵٶȣҲԶԶ޷ȡ
ǰǰֶҪͨԪͨ·ģԲſڼʱִʹûԪͨǼǰά֮ĻԪҪִֶҲҪʱ䡣
һЩԪͨķй켣ûԪͨҪɹ·ϵȴȻǸ޷ӽ򣬺ͷŵʵ̫ǿֽʵֽܹҲãǲܿƵסһź
丰Ԫ
һάԪռ䣬Ԫ֮丰ۣһά켫֮ǿߣҲۡ
ںֶʱ򣬿丰뾰ԼԼСӣǰǾҪŷĵ
ʱ丰µһȺԪ̸ŹںӾ֮Ƿ¡
丰ԪǰάԪռ䣬Ԫжλά켫֮ĻԪۡάά켫֮ĻԪۣǸࡣ
ʱһɫӰ˿丰Ԫռ䡣
ɫӰ丰Ԫ֮⣬ϣһɫơ͸ɫԿһ˫˾ù۾
ߣǰӴĿ丰Ԫռ䡣Ƭ̺ſ¶Цݡ
ǰС
ӽ丰ԪĹУ丰ԪڻԪĹ۲վټԹ۲վڣʵǿĻԪۣһά켫֮ĻԪ£ӭض
ӶԪռ䲻׸֮Ԫռ䶼ǿ˷丰ԪҲ⣬һսǿά켫Ԫڹ۲վһ쳣鷢ҪֹԪڿ丰ʥ㱨
ֹάԪۣס˺ˡ
˿ŶάԪԼ丰Ԫߡ
ʲôˣ丰ԪʲôΪβʹûԪͨάԪ۳ʵ
˲δشάԪ۵⣬ֻ̧֡
ಣһɫӰӣ̳ڿռڡ
̶̵ֻĺʱ䣬ϰٵӰӳ֡ЩɫӰӣɢаϢ
ɣ˿зͳ
䣡ϰٵɫӰӣͬʱ丰Ԫ˳ȥ
ã쳷졭ϣάԪ۾ֵĴ
ȻʶĺˣȷˣĻԪߡ
ಣάԪ۴µˣſ丰Ԫˡ
ȻǵٶȣԱȺɫӰ̫̫ˡգʱ䣬ϰٵɫӰӾȫŵ˿丰Ԫϡ

ʲô
ҡ
ά켫֮ĻԪۣǵ˲ɱȥֹƬ̣ǵȫΪޣ·δڹһ㡣
ģ㡭㵽ʲôˣάԪ۷Ĵ߶򣬿֧ǿֲʴ֮
˿˿άԪۣ˵ۺڌI
ۣڌI۱ԼݺάԪ޷ڵס֮ɱȥҲͬЩάԪһΪޡ
һλά켫֮ĻԪںڌIǰֻ˶̶̵ļʱ䣡
ȺԪɵ󣬺ڌI촽漴ӰһſԪĹ۲վٽӽȥ
丰ԪĹ۲վڣפһ֧ľšںڌIۿ۲վʱ۲վڵľžѾʶˡ


3742 ɿ丰
丰Ԫŵٶȼ졣
ںڌI۵ִ۲վʱһ֧ȫװľս׼
ɱųֳУһ£ƾɴսڌI۳ɱȥ
ǺǡһȺϣڌIЦ˵
ৣ
źڌIֱ۰ڶϣĺڌIӰӻԿֲٶȷɳ
ЩӰӻ۲վľսʿ˹ȥ
Σգȫס
ɱ
֧丰ŵսʿȷʵܾÿһ˵ʵǿںڌIӰӷ֮£սʿԾ˵ٶڼߡյʱ䣬һ֧űȫûսڌI⣬Ҳһŵˣһʬ嶼û¡
ڌI۲۲վɭɨڲһȷûߺ̧ͷԪĻԪݡĺɫӰû뵽ԪĿռ֮С
ʱ丰ʥ֮ڡ
һԪۣŵ丰۲վոշ顣ԪۣոսӵԪ۲վѶϢ
۲վ죬ǾųһµĳԱԪռ䣬ϢѶ丰ʥ۲վҲֻһѶĻԪۻ
ɹ
ߣʬ޴棿ȫΪޣ
ֵܹ
丰ɫòҰף뵽һЩʲô
ѵԪֳһڌIħͷ𣿡丰۵
ϣ˴ʱѾԪռ䣬ΪʲôҪӦԣһ丰µĻԪ۳ʵ
ˣȻԪȻԪռ串֡ʵжǿڶ˽⡣һԪ۳˵
ϣӦ̴Ѷ뽻Ԫô뽴۵ǰǿԪԮԮ
ţ̴Ѷ뽻Ԫ죡丰
丰󲻾ãϢӻԪͨڵ㷴פڻԪͨʿѾȫʧ٣Ԫͨڵ㱻ݻ١
һѶϢݵ丰ʥ丰ʥڣһƬ֮Уÿһߵɫѿ
ˣһٵ˻ԪͨɾΪ˷丰ԪѶϢûлԪͨ£ҪѶϢ뽻ԪȵȣҪʱ̫ˡ
ϣ˼̶ֲʱڣǹ۲վ˾ȫû˵ʵ²ܹӦԵġ硭ȳԪٲߣܾˣһԪԪ˵
ԪͨȻݻ٣ԴԪ뿪Ԫռ䡣
ϣһԪɫŴӴ֮˽ϣӸ½ϢڸطкɫӰӳֻ֣ҪӴɫӰӣᱻֱɵ켫֮߻ۣͨԲֵܵ
丰˫ü
һǸħͷ丰۵ͺߣ̴Ѷ䣬ٶȳ丰Ԫ
ǣ´Ӧȥ
丰۱ˣҲһȺǿߣʼ丰Ԫ丰ۣȻȥƺڌIħͷԿ
ಣԪڵУ丰۵˼˲ƣҪ뿪丰Ԫ
òҵֻǿ׳һϣǾôأʱһ丰۵˵ĶС
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Ǹˣ丰۵˶λãǿһɫӰ
ƣ丰۴߶ƿԪݡ
ڌIƻӶһźɫռ䡣ת˲֮䣬ƿĻԪܣкɫӿ丰۵ˣ޷ͨոյƿ֮뿪
ǣ߲ģһ߲ڌI۱
ɶ񣡡丰˫ĿԲתڌI۶ӣ㣬ʲôˣ
ۣڌIڌIӦ
ڌIܣ㡭㲻ѾŴɱ𣿡丰ۺ۾źڌIۡ
ڌIۿЦƥɱ˱ۣ۲ǳ˯һʱ䣬˹ȻˣȺȳĩգ
丰һȴȫӿеźڌIնɱȥʩչǿûκεԥ
ֲĹΣźڌIֹȥ
ڌI۾Уɿ丰ʩչԼϡαڌIɫ΢ɢһЩȻ丰۷ȫһûжԺڌIʵԵ˺ҲɢһЩ
̫ˣڌIҡҡͷ
ˣԺڌI۵ı֮ϣǧɫӰӻֶ
ɱ丰µǿߣͬʱڌIɱ˹ȥ
ǣ丰۵ǿɱ˺ڌIۣڻԪ۵Ĺ͸ѶԺڌIʲôʵԵвˡ


3743 丰Ԫ
ڌI۵Ļ鲼丰Ԫɿ丰Ԫߡ
һάԪռ֮ڣںڌI۵֮£ЩԼΪֲٶڼ١
Կ丰ԪΪ׵һȺǿԪۣԺڌI۱壬ڿ֧š
ǵĹԺڌIɴ˺ڌI۵ȴڿǵ
ϣҵסˣһά켫֮ĻԪۣ丰ۺ仰ķ͸ǸɱΪޡ

ģ丰ŭ޿κΣܹʹõֶѾùڌI۵ȴƺԽԽǿ
Ǵ򲻹Ҳ
丰۵˱ڌIɣעĽ

뽻Ԫ
˵ʲô뽴һ𾪱鿴ۡ
ϣ丰ԪˡظԼĻ
ոյõѶϢ丰ԪûˡǰάȻԪһάԪռǱ
뽴۵Щֱ
Ƭ֮󣬴뽴ֳʵ丰Ҳ𣿡
ʱûдѶϢ丰ۿѾˡҡҡͷ˵
ϣѾȷԪһѡǵĵ˷ǳǿ󣬿丰ԪǰάԪռ䣬ں̵ܶʱ͸ˡң丰ԪǰԪռһûü⴫ȵѶϢ۽˵
ţ֪ˡ뽴۵˵ͷ
֪ͨҴ뽻Ԫ뽴ֶ۷Ը
ǣӦ
άԪռ丰ԪĸȫԪ궯޴ԪռͬҲȫԪиάԪ۴˳صѹϵĻԪ۽ӵ뽴۵󣬶̶ǰ뽻Ԫ
ʱ򣬴ҶȫԪһΣյʱ̡һΣûеڶŴȻԪ
ֻ˶̶̲ʮʱ䣬е۶˴뽻Ԫϡ
λѣ뽴ۿŴڵۡ
׿մۺͰͼˣҲ
ǿĿ丰Ԫˡ룬ѾȷԪֳһħͷ뽴˻˵
ǲֹħͷȫԪΣλǰ£һһ취뽴һ
ۣ鶼࣬ɫѿ
ʲô취˭ﶼ֪һɥ˵
λĿǰҲȫûлᡣͨʱ䷢鿴ǵĵȻûд۷״̬Լʵʱֻɵάǲάȿռ䣬Ȼ󽥽ɸǿĻԪռ䡣ڣѾܹɰάԪռ䡣뽴˵ΪĿǰΪֹûдﵽǲܶԿĵز
뽴˵û˵ʵûдﵽǿĵزļŻԪеŴ۵ͷ˵ÿɹһԪռ󣬶ʧһʱ䡣ҾãʧʱӦԼɵڣոһάԪռ䣬Ӧûٴʧһʱ䡣ǣһЩ׼ʱ䡣
Ŵۡ뽴ۣʵǿʸϵĻԪۣǾǻһս֮šԨ˵
׿մۡ뽴ۿ׿մ˵ƺԾԻԪһЩжϣҲܽʱĵϡ
뽴۵仰׿մ¶һ˿Цݡ˿뽴ֿۣ˿ͼۡ
׿մۣ뾰֮ʲô˽˶ԹѾںֶҾͲҪԾԻԪ׷ˣڻԪĹͷŴҲü׿մ˵
ûĿǰĵˣǵڶڌIħͷܽµĺڌIħͷȫԪ군̸ʲô˽˶ԹлԪ۳˵
׿մЦݽֿ˰ͼһۣ˵˺ˣ֪ˡ
ֻҪͨͬЭδؾûʤ㡣뽴۵ͷ˵
ºڌIħͷ٣ǶҲ޷׷١ҪԸħͷȷʵѡ룬һӦѰħͷټһڸάȻԪ½Ԫͨڵ㡣ħͷһԪռ䣬һȽԪͨڵݻ٣ԲЩԪռȵѶϢܶཨԪͨڵ㣬ͳѶŵĿԻܴ󡣡뽴۵
뽴˵ģҲ˵ġŴ۵˵ͷ˼˵֮⣬һһЩ䣬ϣܹǶԸǸħͷ
˵仰ŴֱһӣһЩɢŹεڴ֮ڡ


3744 
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ԲڸԪռĹ۲վһǴħͷԪռ䣬󷨿ǰԤŴۼ˵
ŴۣѵŴ۵Ǹħ󣿡뽴ۿŴʵ
뽴۵ȾϴλԪѵߣ˵ŴķħǼרԺڌIħͷ󷨡
ԣŴķħ󡣲ЩǼ򻯵ķħļŻԪҵģҲּ򻯷ħˡȫħĲ÷޷ѰŴǵͷҡҡͷ˵
Ǽ򻯵ķħ󣬶ǵİҲܴλЩһ£ûȥԼĻԪռ䲼óħ󡣡ͼ۳˵
ۣһ¡̺ħ÷϶࣬Щ۲ҪԼĻԪռ䲼÷ħ󣬻ҪάȻԪռ価óħ

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Ի
ĹУûʲôԵ̱ͱȽϷҲҪٵʱ䡣ڵ̫࣬ȫһ͡
ʱȥ
ˣ򣬹ȻǿģԵԼոɹһź
ʱܹǳĸܵޱȵĿͬʱʲôƵĶȻγɡ
žһԭƯһź򣬱žڵλƶ
ȴһʱ䣬һźƶ˾ԵĽ
ӦʹأֱӲٿײȷʵǺܴûܹܺײ̫ˣٿز䡣˿̾ˡԿźҡҡͷ
ˣھתͷ֮ǰĺͺйһ㿪ʼٱСֻĴָСһźɫӡ
ţԿ΢΢һ㶡
ܹ仯СþЩϲ
һţǽʮһźȫܻµı仯Կʼڶź
һź˼ʱ䣬ڶźĹУʱˡµʱ䣬ڶź㱻ܾԿƣһĴָСĺڌIӡ
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ʮź֮ǿŴӾ֮Ƿֶĺǽ˺ֶ֮С
֮ǵǿźˡ
Ҳ֪֮ΡûкԴԴͷ֮Ѿʺ߳ھסˡ֮ǵϻ¶ߵкܴİӦв˲Ը뿪ɡš
СһЩĺȫ֮󣬾ԿʼһĺһźڣдĺУͨڲĺС
źڲǿֲھά켫֮ΪЩԾüΪǿ󡣡
ʮһźһԻˡһ
ʱ򣬾лܹȷʮһźܹһޱǿ
ŴۣӦûЩŴ˺򣬺ͲỹںֶڣӦ֮ˡ۾΢΢𣺡ȻҲŴƵŴǾά켫֮ĻԪۣҲǾά켫֮ĻԪۡ
˷ʱˣһź򡣡Ա۾ȫһź
ĺѶȵǲ
һµʱ䣬ԾѾĺ
ʱʮһź򣬾ԱھԵĿ£еĺС͡ʮźĴָСԲһŴ΢һĺɫԲ
ʮһźȫھԵǰ
ԿЩ
ΣһأԳ
еĺȫ֮󣬾ѾȫȷʮһźܹһɣҪϸĥĥ
ʱҴңʱھ齨ĹšЩʱ齨Ҳȡ˺ܴĽչѾеĺúܹ֮ഫֱӵϵһúɵ;ͲԶˡ
˽һʱ䣬齨ɡ
ƯһӡԿԼֱۡ
һɫӣʹֱϡʮһӣ໥֮ȥһ塣


3745 Ի
һʮһźɫ˲ֱϷɳ
һʮСһʮһźɫӣÿһ̺ܶޱȾˡʮһһ壬֮嫣Թֻͷųһ˿ܣֱɱά켫֮ĻԪۡ
ԻһЩʱ䣬Ϥɺɵ
ʽԵõˡ
Ƚ壬ҪԸ˲Ǖ׿մ۵ȵȻԪۣǸɺֶڌIۡȷʵƥӦҵĹʽת
ڳ󣬾Խ׽У˳նһ⣬Ǭ۵Ľ⡣
ţ⣬׽ʹã߷ǬĹܡ۾˼
֮󣬾뿪û˺ĺֶ
߶ԼĻԪռ伫ٷС
ʱ䣬ԱܹʹõһԪͨڵ㡣Ԫͨڵ㣬ǽڻԪһƬûĴ½ϡʹô˻ԪͨɵִһάԪռ䣬ȻάԪռĻԪͨǰԪռ䡣
Եά켫֮ٶȱȰά켫ʱ˲֪ٱҪ˵ʡ·ʱ䣬ҪʹûԪͨԪͨգۼһԪռִһԪռ䣬ѡ˲ơУٶٿʱҲð㡣
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ǻԪǽӽֶǸԪռ䡣ǰԺͰͼ˸ֶʱͬҲǾ˴ǻԪʹԪռĻԪͨ
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ЩʿȥԵñȽϽš
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üʵΪ˶ˣΧŽڵ㣿
ǰǻԪʱڵ㸽ֻһϰɵӡڣȴ֮ࡣ
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Ŷü˵ͷ˵ҪʹһԪͨ͵Ԫռ䡣
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ͳˣ˵ԴѾںֶ𣿡ͳߵĸͳʵ
ǻԪȻһάԪռ䣬Ǵֻά켫֮ΪԪռλñȽ⣬ԴǴ֪ҲάԪռҪһЩǻԪŵͳ죬֪˾Դںֶ
ϢȻǴˣԴ۲û䣬šԴͻȻѵǴӺֶģͳ쿴˸ͳһۣԾ˵̽¸ߴǴۡ

ͨλԪͨĴͣԻصԼĻԪռ䡣
һ˲֮󣬾ԻصԼľ
ԻصԪռĵһ£Ȼȷѩ߷ȵ˶ȻȻٴ顣
뿪ʱԻԪתԵ˵ͷ˵
ҩڵǰ
㡭ˣϼԺǳϵϣԵѪɫ
ϣһˡԶЦЦ˵ϣ㲻Ϊһز˰ɣ
һֱ϶ܹȻֻǣΪǰһʱ׿մԽپԻԪ׿մ˵Ѿںֶڡ׿մۻҪǽĵҺðͼۼʱֹ˕׿մۡϼ˵
׿աüĿ⡣
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޲TڻԪĹ۲վֽħһӴ󷨡϶Ծ˵
ħʲôҲǵһ˵ħ
ҲǺֻ˵ħܹһµĴħͷȫԪȽҪĻԪڲ÷ħ󡣡ҡҡͷ˵
ţ֪ˡѹ֣Ҹ޲TѶ޲TһֱûлӦңԭ˻Ԫռ䡣Եͷ˵ϣȥһ˹۲վħ󾿾ʲô󷨡
˵仰󣬾뿪˾һ̣˾ԻԪĹ۲վ
ʱڹ۲վڣоԻԪľţдʦʦ޲Tڹ۲վվһߵϣһ󷨵Ĳù
ǰʱ޲Tڳߣ¶˳Ծı顣Ծ֮󣬾ϲ
ǵľԴۣˣ
ϣ޲Tһܲ˾ǰ
ЩʦҲʱֹͣеĹ


3746 ޸
Դۣ
ϣ
Դۣ
۲վڣԱͻȻľԼ
λض񡣡԰˰֣ЦЦ˵
ʦǣеĹҪħ󣬻Ҫٵʱ䡣
޲TʲôΪʲôǼһ񶼺ӣ޲T
ϣǶΪزˣ޲TĿԼ⡣
Ǖ׿մ۸һزˣʵ
׿մ۴ŕ׿ջԪһȺǿҪǽŷ˵ɵ˵ѾˡǲɵǾҪܕ׿ջԪŭ𣬾빥ǾԻԪҺãͼ۴ŰͼԪǿ߸ϵֹ˕׿մ۵ˡ
ͼҲ˵㱻һյأҪܳܳʱܻ޲T˵
šԵͷʵڲõ󷨣ʲô
ֽзħǰͼҵģҲڻԪĹ۲վͼ˵תܷ֮ڻԪĴħͷ޲T˵ֻǣ̫ˣǾԻԪʦˮƽ΢һЩҪʱܲúáͼ˵ĻԪҲڲ󷨣ҪһЩʱ䣬ܴͼԪʦæ
ˣͼ˵󷨳ļŻԪǵŴ޲Tһ䡣
ڌIħͷˣڴǻԪʱ򣬾ԾʶܶˣڻصԼĻԪռ䣬޲T˵Щ󣬾ȷڌIħͷȻֳˡ
ڌIħͷͼ˵³һΪֲĴħͷϣǰάԪռ丰Ԫˣħͷɵġ˿丰Ԫ⣬ԪռҲûˡ޲T
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ھ֮ǵĺֶʱ򣬾Ծ֮ǲʺ߳ھסǣûоھ֮ǵľ޸ۻʲô⡣
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֮ǳ
ʱά켫ۣ֮ڳڡ
֮Ǻߵʱȥһź򣬵úʹźص֮ǣҰռ˳Ҫ޸ۣеϻ¶
޸۾ܾ۱Ծ޸۶֡۲δֱɱ޸ۣҽ޸ֿ˳ڲʵǿߣǷڳѼϻ¶
ʱ䣬ֱӺͼΪ۶ߣǳ֮ࡣ
ڳڴʹϻ¶УƵһȺԪ۵ϻ¶Ϊ˷ֹߣۻУóڵ޷С
޸ۣڳ㳡ϵһڡҲ졣ʱľ޸ۣԵü΢С
һƿϻ¶ʱһڣߵ޸۵ǰ
޸СΣϷ𣿡ݵĿⶢž޸ۣгʵ
飬㲻õ⡣֪ⲻ˶ˡȾԴۻڣ޸۾ήҲǰǺӲ
Ц
ԣСѾˣҲЩʵҿԸ㣬Ӿԣһյ֮ڡԶҲȲˡ۱״̬Ե÷
óУϻ¶֮һǴѼ㹻ϻ¶Ҿͻ뿪ҿɲԶط
޸Сġ뿪֮ǰһɱ㡣Ϊ㿴ûҲһܵõϻ¶ͺһϻ¶
飬Ҫɱɱ˵ôķϻ֣ɱӣ޸ۼѵվۺ


3747 ССά
ʱͨԪ۽Ĺ㳡
ˣǸոѼһЩϻ¶һԪ۹ͷ˵ͬʱóһЩʢϻ¶ƿ
ɨһƿüĿ¶ݵ
ǼĪںŪңۺȵ
ǡңͨԪæҡͷ
ңǺǣռһϻ¶ôѣϻ¶һαһ٣ҪǺã˵ʱɱڡ
⼸ͨĻԪۣһֱڰѼ֮ǵϻ¶Ӹᡣ⼸Ѽϻ¶ûɥĲɱˣѼϻ¶ȻԽԽ٣ۺܲ⡣
ʵ֮һֱûɱ޸Ҫԭûõϻ¶ھ֮֮󣬾޸Ԥеܻ⣬ǰϻ¶޸۴˾Ȼȷģ۴źص֮ǣǳϻ¶ɵһʱͻС
۽޸ĥҪӾ޸ۿеõЩϻ¶䡣
޸ǿĶס۵ĥ
Ϊǵ뷨ùң۶ǼͨԪۣ˵ٸһλᡣ֮󣬸һǧϻ¶ܸӴһǧϻ¶ӾҪǵĹ
һȡ
۶ǼͨۺֺͫȻһΪͻȻ俴㳡϶һˡôֵģȻȫûиоģ֪ʲôʱġ
ô£д󾪡
ά켫֮ĻԪۣȫԪڣֻҪЩάάԪǿߣ˵Ҳܺߵġھ󲿷ֵĵٻԼʵǿߡ
㡭˭ѹеĳԾ䱸İߡ
ոս㳡ϵˣȻǲ֮ǰͨԪִͨﾰ֮ǵľԡ
Կۣޱ˵飿
޸ۺͼδ뿪ۣͨתĿԡ

ˣ޸ǼۣԣȻҲʶԡ
ʲôһӻûӦ
֪֮ǵĳǾԴۣȷžѾˡԵ޸˳ƾΪʱû̷Ӧ
ˣ㲻˵Ѿ𣿾֮ǳԴۣʱǰ޸۴ЦŶ۵
Դۣ
ôܣԴˣܣһǼٵģǼðģлҡ
ԴǸά켫֮ĻԪۣȻ֪һ㡣ά켫֮Ϊһά켫֮ĻԪۣȻ¡
飬ҡҡͷҵĳԴɱµߣ֪˭˴ĹţԼˡ
СӣҪԲѡΪԼԣǰðҵҪмＸۻ䣬ǶԾԷʩչǿĹֶΡ
ۣʩչĹֱھԵϡ
ԼĹоԵһ˲䣬ͷϲһ̣ΪԼжǶԵģǰ˾ð侰Դۡһ̣еĿϲͱޱȵľ֣ΪĹھԵϣƺϵ۶ûƶ
ССά͸˲ôԶԴڼȾеۣĵһָ
һ۵ָ۶۵Ϯȥ
۴߶ȫͬʱдġ
ָۣ˲ķһڡȻֹɢ΢һ£ʬȥ
նɱۺ󣬾ǰ˼޸ڵ
ӶֱۣǼޱȵں嫵ѹ»Ϊ޸ۻָɡ
ڻˡ޸ۼĿž˵
ţһˡԶԾ޸۵˵ͷ
ԼˣҲ֪ô¡޸ʶ̧ͷ˿գԭӦһΪṩģֻʣ»ɵһƬ
Ѿ֪£޷ġ԰˰֣˵޸Ȼָϵơ
óɵݸ޸ۡù⼸ŵҩ޸ϵȫָ
á޸Ӧ
ˣǡˣǼۣͨڳԼ˴
תĿ⼸һۡ


3748 뾰Դ
żۣݵĳƬ̡
ǶɣԶԼ˵
⼸ۣͨȴǲҾôվԹ
кܺ¡
ˣû׷ǵΡǵʵǸȣ̫ࡣά켫֮ĻԪۣȷʵ޷ңǰѼһЩϻ¶ûɱϻ¶ԣҲǳͷԻ˵
Դ˵ͨ۲ŷվ
ˣһǸô죿һѯʡ
֮Ѿʺ߳ھסȻ֮ǳϻ¶ϻ¶Ͼϡ٣ԶԶڶߵġ
뿪֮ǵߣ뿪
ھ֮ǣҲԡҳʱ䣬ھ֮ǽ塣˵
ԾڵֶΣǿһġ
ȷʵ뾰֮ǾôĻ
֮ǶԾԣ塣У˾Ե켫ĻԵ켫֮һϵˡ
У֮ǵź򣬶ԾԵά켫ҲǹؼеĹؼźϵԾͲںֶʱͣںֶֶָ̬ܵά켫֮õɺɵ
˵жԾ˵ǿԼһطķһĴۣҲҪþ֮ǳõĴȥ
Ȼ²żΪҪģǶԸڌIۡ
֮ʧȥԴﶥסһʱûģ޷ǾһЩԼϵԴʯȵȡ
ǼͨЩ޷Դ۵ĻʱƺֻҪžǡ
Ҳһ뿪֮ǡҲ԰ָеѡԼԼ˵
ˣԸھ֮ǡ˶ѡ¡
ãȥһ£߳ڵĳԱѾҴôҶܰġԶԼ˷Ը
Ӧһת뿪˳
֮󣬾޸˽ȫָ
ҿǺܾöûˡ޸վԾ˵
ⲻּ𣿡ЦЦ˵
󣬾ȡһﱦݸ޸۵棬һЩҪԴԸС㻹Ҫھ֮ǣҴڵĸ񡣡
ûˣڵ߿ºܿͻ߹ġ޸۲žԡ
޷ģԴһ뿪ȥֹҲȰ˵֮ߣõĻرЦЦ
ǣˡ޸Ҳô࣬һԴ۵İžǡ
޸۽̸һЩʱ䣬ҲԼ˽ǰԭ¹ϻԪĲ˾޸ۣ޸ۺпһ޸ۣȻҲ֮һЩҪԻ㱨Щʱϻ¶˾ԡ
Щϻ¶ԼѾҪϻ¶˺ѻҪ
֮󣬾뿪֮ǣؾԻԪҪȥ뽻Ԫ뽴ۡ
ھ뿪󣬾޸۲Ŵ򿪾ԸĴﱦﱦڷŵԴӼҪ˳ﱦڵԴÿһֶޱȵϡСŷ˵ȵɵÿһֱһٿš

뽻Ԫ
Դۣţ뽴۶ȵõɴ۾
Դôںֶģ
ʱЩۣۿԳֶġڻָĺֶУԳʶûܹġ
ϣԴȷʵˣ֮ǰص˾ԻԪ˵
뽴˳Ĭ֮С
ú󣬴뽴۲˵ԴۻţǺ£ǿά켫ԪۡһǻԪߵǿһ֡
˵ǣ۵ͷ
ڷħĲˣ뽴ʵ
ЩάԪռħĲٶȽϿ죬άԪռħĲѾβֻǣЩάǵ΢Ԫռ䣬ħĲýȾˡʦ̫һЩ۵
ţΣһҪٸάȻԪҪȫħúá뽴۵ͷʵǸħͷûµĶɣ
ԴӿԪɺǸħͷʧӰˡħͷһάԪռȫҪٵʱĿ⿴뽴۵
ϣиһЩʱɣ뽴̾һ˵࣬ȥһ˾ԻԪ뾰Դۡ


3749 ǸڌI
ԴۻŵϢڻԪ
ЩʵԵһЩĻԪ۶Դ˻ûʲôǿҵĸоЩ۲Ǽ𾪡
ۿԴ۽˻ָ̬ĺֶ
⣬ԴôŴӺֶġ
Ǖ׿մ۵뾰˽˶ԹĻԪۣ͸ΪӡһɵˣôһδεĻΪģ

֮ǵ󣬾ԻصԻԪڹ۲վȷһħĹЧԶֲ÷ħ󷨶ԿڌIȻǲܵģȷʵЧģֻҪڌIۿô󷨾ܱǰܶʱ䷢ֺڌI۵ټ̷
оԳ֣ԻԪķħýȻ죬һЩطĽ˷ħ󷨵ЧΪɫ
һգ
Դۡͼ۽뾰ԻԪĹ۲վԶԶĿԱ㺰һ
ͼ۵ֹͣеĹŰͼӭ˹ȥ
ͼۣôˣϴЦݡ
˵Ӻֶˣ̸˹ǡЩ˲šͼ۶žԣ·ȷվԼˣ澰ԻǼپԡ
ӦȥݷðͼģֻǸոջԻԪ߻кܶҪҪЦ˵
Դۣҿͼ۰˰֣˵ͺã˵ʵΪ޷ӺֶˡԻԪԺ󣬾ûںֶ״̬ʱлܻų
ţȷʵˣ״̬µĺֶڣࡣά켫֮µߣŲסáԵ˵ͷֽ˵ܻҲΪ֮ǰĻҵܺá
ͼ۲δ׷ʾںֶġ
ԴۣӦ˵˰ɣԪֳһƺڌIħͷħͷͼɫ˵ڌIħͷʱȫ
֪丰ԪˡԵͷ
һ£Լ˵ͼۣʵǲʲôµĴħͷ
ʲô˼ͼһ¡
һγֵĴħͷǸڌIħͷ˵
ʲôôܣڌIħͷѱŴ۵ǿնɱ˰˵ͼ۾ɴ¶ŵı顣
ڌIħͷδɱֻǱ֮ءӳ˷ڿٻָʵ֮СһάԪռ俴ָܼȫʢʱڵʵˡҡҡͷ
ͼžԡ
ȥ֮أĿ˺ڌIħͷӳĹֽ̡˵һ䡣
ͼȻһȻĿ⿴žԡͼ֪ȥźҲ֮أǶھԴʱ˵ĻһʱЩӦ
ǸڌIħͷȻû
ŴȫԪȫǿΧɱ֮£ڌIħͷȻ
ǡ⡣ͼ۱˵ϢЩ֪˵ʲôˡ
ԴۣΪ֮ǰδ˵£ͼʾԡ
ҲǹϢǷ뷨һʱֻǵάߣ΢ᣬ˵Ļ²жšҲϢڻԪֻšΡ
ţԴĿǣȷʵеͼ۵ͷ˵ֻǣѾûŴǿߣָζԸڌIħͷأһʵȫָ¾ȫԪ֮ʱ
ŽҲδؾͲܶԿڌIħͷؼһǣԼˡ˵
ԣǱŽһ¡ͼ۵
ԴۣħõˣҰͼԪķħ󼴽ϣʱһԪʦæͼۿһ۷ħԾ˵
ԻԪķħҲõòˣʦβԼٹ죬ͿɡҲħ˵
ô죿ͼһ£ΪԻԪķħ󻹵òúܾòɡ
ЦЦ˰ͼۣ޲T˵Ǖ׿մ۲ŴһȺ˵ԻԪҪԾԻԪ涥ס˕׿մۡ£ҵøл㡣
ⲻʲôС¶ѣ㲻ҿͼ۰˰֣׿ϼһͿ˳ˡ
ԴۣͼۣҲ
뽻Ԫۣ˾ԻԪĹ۲վ
ۡ۹˹֡
ԴۣӺֶ̫ˡЦŶԾ˵ͼ۸ռʱһһ˫۾ҲһֱžԿ
áЦЦۣ𣿡
뽴̸֪һЩ飬ϣܳǰ뽻Ԫ۵


3750 ȫԪĸά
ʵǰѶҲȥ뽻Ԫ뽴ۡ
ڌI֣ԪһƬԪҲҪ뽴۵Բߡ
ãԺǰ뽻Ԫ뽴ۡԶ۵
ãҾȻȥˡͼۣٻᣡԺͰͼ˹ֵ
ԺͰͼҲֻ
Դۣͬȥ뽻Ԫ뿪󣬰ͼ۶ԾԵ
áٵȼ죬ħɺǶͬȥ뽻ԪԶ԰ͼ۵
ħ󣬾˵Ŵʰͼۡ
ǣһΣҲļŻԪħ˳Ԫռ䲼ôڌIħͷͼ۵˵ͷħǼ򻯰ģɱϵͣԺڌIۿ²ɶв
šļŻԪļλԪ֮ˡӦһ
֮󣬾ԺͰͼͨԻԪ뽻ԪĻԪִͨ뽻Ԫ
ڴ뽴۾סʥ˼˴뽴ۡ
Դۡͼۡ뽴ۼˣӭӡ
뽴ۡԺͰͼ뽴ۼ
Դۣո˵㻹ϢʱΪǼٵġ뽴ۿž˵ڼ㱾˺Ҳȷġ
ãҲӲûôġЦ˵
ⲻþܽ͵ġԴۣһ˲ߣǶͬ뽴۱档
λ뽴뾰ԺͰͼ
ԴۻžͺãǻԪһֿԶԿħͷս뽴ۼ˵ǰѾ׿մ̸Դۣϣ׿մۿҷ˽˶ԹǹͬԿڻԪħͷһеìܣɱħͷۣΣ
뽴۵ⷬԳƬ̡
ͼھһԣֳĬ
УֻҪǕ׿մ۲ңҿһЩʱ䣬ɱڌIħͷۡԳͷ
ãҲԷһЩˡ뽴¶Цݡ
һ̣üͷһ壬ĿⶢžԵԴۣղ˵ʲôɱڌIħͷ
ԣڌIħͷǵ걻Ŵ۵ǿ߷ĺڌIۡԵ˵ͷڌI۴ӷѶҪٴλԪ
뽴ۿԵĿЩֱ
뽴ۣڌIħͷûһֱţֻǱ֮ءˡͼ۳˵
ԴۺͰͼ˵˺һᣬ뽴۲ȷθ˿丰ԪȻԪռĴħͷǵΪԪĺڌIħͷ
ڌIħͷʵȻڿٻָڵʱֻǹάάĻԪռ䣬ǰѿʼάάԪռˡ뽴۵ͳ˵ò˶ãָܹ۷״̬ʱǽûԸ
ûǱָ۷֮ǰҵͼ۵ͷ˵
ȻڌIħͷ丰Ԫ֮󣬾ʧȥӰĿǰΪֹǶûܷټûСҪҵֻܵ´ٳֵʱ򡣡뽴˵
üڵļŻԪɵŻԪѶŻԪŴ۵ĻԪռ䡣ļŻԪ˷ħ⣬û԰ǶԸڌIħͷֶΣ
ûˡ´μļŻԪλԪ֮ʱǿѯһ¡뽴΢ü˵
ԸڌIħͷˣǱȡ뽴ۣٴټȫԪʵǿ߹ҹͬ顣ԶԴ뽴۵
ţҲ뷨һΣټҲиά켫֮ĻԪ۶ټ뽴ΪȻĵͷ
ζԸڌIħͷ⣬ҪһάԪķħԼøάԪЩάάԪռ䲼÷ħ
ʮԺͰͼ۾סڴ뽻Ԫ
ʮۺ͸ά켫Ԫۣ½ִ뽻Ԫ
ȫԪиάԪڽӵ֪ͨ󣬶˴뽻ԪûĸάԪۣӦֻмˡ
Щά켫Ԫۣۼڴʥʱһɨȥвһ̾
ȫԪĸά켫ԪۼҲֻжҡа
ά켫֮ĻԪʵ̫̫ˡǣȫԪĸάԪռ伸еĸάˡ
λ飬Ȼɴ뽴֡
ǾǾԴۣĻš˵Ŀ⣬ʱӾӹ
ЩάԪۣ󲿷ֶǵһμԱˡ
ͼܵӡ˵
ͼھԵλãԪܿͼ뾰Դ۵ĹϵѰѡ


3751 Ц
ͼһڽ̸ʱ¶ֵ׽˶ܿǲװġ
˵ϴ۽ֶԴ۾ͼСӡͼںֶջ޴󣬴ά켫֮ά켫֮԰ͼۺܸмԴۡһά켫֮ĻԪ۵ߵ˵
ϵĴֻжʮˣȫԪﵽά켫֮ĻԪжҡҲ˵󲿷ֵĸάʵûﵽֶˮƽ൱һִҲ˵ֶģֻǲֶ֪λá
׿մ뾰Դ۹ϵܲ֪˼᲻ᷢʲô״תĿ
ڴ뽻Ԫд뽴۴Ӧòʲôɡ
㲻˽׿մ۵ԸҿǴ뽴׿մҲδؾ뽴۵ġ
Ԫдħͷټ֣ڲٳʲôӣֻ¡
뽴۴˴ټиά켫ĻԪۣӦԴħͷġ
Ԫķħڲý֮УϣܶǸħͷһá
ڸάԪۣڴڵ̸ۡš
׿մ۵뾰˽˶ԹĻԪۣҲһü͵ڽʲô׿մ۵Ŀ⣬ʱɨԣǹһζЦݡ
λۡλѡ뽴
Ϊ˴λ϶࣬Գرʥһ˾ۼ˿Եӵ
λӦѾ֪˴δ뽻Ԫټǵԭ򡣡뽴ۼ˵
ܶ˶ͷ
Ѿȷ˴ΪԪĴħͷϹʱΪԪҪȫԪĺڌIۡ뽴۽˵һ䡣
뽴۵仰˵֮󣬴ڵնʱһ䣬ţڴ۶¶ǿҵı仯
ڌIۣڌIħͷ
ڌIħͷ𣿡
ŴڶԪǿߣΧɱ˺ڌIۡŴ۶ڵһսˡ
Ϲʱⶼȥ޾ˣڌIħͷôܻţ
뽴ۣϢǴģ
˵˴ΪԪģһƺڌIħͷĹ𣿡
һʱ䣬һƬҡ
ڌIħͷ֣ȫԪǽˡĴۣвٶǾǴδѵġĻԪûѣǵйУһλԪѵӡҲ衣
ǳԪУԪˡһеԴͷǺڌIۡ
뽴ۣ˵˿丰ԪȻԪռĶǺڌIۣ׿մۿ뽴ʵ
ԣǺڌIۡ뽴۵ͷ˵һ춯صĴս֮󣬺ڌI۲δɱǱĵص㣬֮ءǰڌI۴֮ʱʵǿͨĻָָܼ۷״̬ˡ
ǻԪָ߲۷״̬֮ǰɱǵȴǵģȫԪĸ𡣡뽴һأЩ׳
ԣҴ뽻ԪλѶټһһʩеķԸڌIۣǱ뼯ȫԪǿ򽫺ʤ㡣뽴ۿˡ
뽴ۣϢԴʲôΪʲôȷǾǺڌIۣ׿մüŴ뽴ٴʵ
ңԻվĿ⿴ŕ׿մۣ˵
Ҹߴ뽴ۣǸħͷϹʱڵĺڌIۡ˵һ䡣
ڵڸάԪۣתĿԡ
ҽ֮أۿ˺ڌIĹ̡֪ǾϹʱڱĺڌIۡĿ
ǺǣԴۣȤҼǵûĻ֮صʱ򣬻һ΢켫֮ССߡƾʵܿڌI㿴˺ڌIڌIȻû㣬ôڌIħͷΪʲôûɱ㣿׿մЦ˵žԵĻ
ǰڌIħͷΪʲôûжԾԴ֣˽ʵ
ڌIĴħͷܶκɣ
Դۣôأ
ֱЩˡ
Ȱһ£뽴۵ͳһȡ
תĿ˵ڌI֮ûɱңΪʱҲһˡҵߣкڌIۼɵˡϣոʵή÷ǳأҪģǻָʵ
Դۣ˵ʱ߻ˣɷǣߵ˭Һ֪úڌI۶ɵ˭룬λѣÿһҲ֪ԴۿᵽúڌIħͷɵˡ׿մ˵ʱЦ·˵һЦ


3752 ըϢ
ڕ׿մ۷Цʱов˶Ц
ڌIħͷɵˣ
ԪҪúڌIħͷɵߣЩ˻ҪηǺڌIħͷ
ЦʲôһͻȻ
쪶
ڵЦȻֹЩЦĻԪۣתĿ򷢳һȵˡˣھԴߵİͼۡ
ڳ˶֪ͼ۵Ըֱˬͼ۵ƢҲǱȽϻ𱬵ġ
׿մüɨ˰ͼһۣͼûеά켫֮Ǖ׿մ۴ʱֱӵ쭡Ȼά켫İͼۣʵǲ׿մ֮¡ټϰͼ۵Ը񣬕׿մ΢һ£һû˵
ڌIۼɵˣŴۡƽ˵
еˣͫ׶Ϊ֮һҵĸάԪۣĿȫۼھԵϡ
Ŵۣ
ʲô˼
ڌIħͷɵŴǿ϶ģɾԴ۴ʱᵽŴʲô˼
׿մۣҲ¶һ㵵ı鿴žԡ
Դۣ⻰ʲô˼ղ˵ڌI۴֮ʱ֮ءڌIǼɵһˣûгɱ㡣˵ڌIۼɵŴۡ
Ī˵ʱߵŴۣļŻԪеŴۣ۾Բžʵ
λԪ֮Ҳžԡ
ļŻԪ˵Ŵ֣Ȼи塣ļŻԪеŴۣŴ۵
ԿŴ˵û֮صʱ򣬼Ŵۡ
˵ʲôŴɫ䣬˵ϢЩš
Ŵۣţ
ôܣ
ԴϹʱڵһս֮󣬾ûټŴ֮ۡطкܶԪ۶ȥǶδ֮ؼŴۡȴ˵ŴۻţҾ֮ء
ҼŴ۵ʱŴȷʵšŴۣ˺ܶࡣҵһ˵ڌIۣҲŴ۸ҵġԵͳ˵
˵ģŴɫǺ
šϼźͱλۣͬ¶Ϊ
ڳڻԪۣ
ŴۻţģŴ޾УΪʲôûд֮سأ
ԣ˵ģʵңҲûбҪƭλ˵һս֮УŴĻԪǿ߲ûɱڌIۡڌIʵ̫ǿˣֶ⡣Ŵû취ֻܽ߾ȫԼסڌIۡڌI۱֮ŴþڤֽСŴҲƹأ޷ٳ֮ء
ҼŴ۵ʱŴѵ;ƿݵĵزҡҡͷ˵
ҡȥϣŴ˵žҪߡ
Ŵۣ뽴۽סŴۡ
ʱ֮زǳڿУ㼴ȥˣҲ޷С뽴۶Ŵ˵
ŴĿиӵתҲ֪뽴˵ʵȻȫԪǿİάԪۣҲֱӽ֮أҲǽر״̬ʥʮ̶
Դۣ˵һжģҵ㣬ΪεڣŽ˵ǰôҪģǻԪǿ丰ԪȻԪռ䣬ܾͲᱻǴħͷǿѾҵڴħͷʱ䳹նɱ׿մͱ˵ʾԡ
ɨ˕׿մһۣЦ˵ҵʱֻǵά켫֮ߣ׿մ۵涼ɣһ˵ܼλά켫֮ĻԪۣλп˻һά켫˵Ļ
˳Ĭ
ǣȷʵһά켫֮Ԫ˵ŴۻֻֻΪά켫Ƿ˻ʲôĿġ
λţԴṩġڲǾŴǷ񻹻ŵʱӦÿǵɱڌIۡŴۼ㻹Ų֮أԴ˵ŴҲٴγֶԸڌIˡ뽴ۺһ˵
ǺڌIۣǵָ۷壬ǽκεĻᡣΨһʤ㣬ںڌIۻָ۷ʵ֮ǰһҪҵټҾԼʵ׿մĿ˵
ԣ׿մ֮
һҪѰҺڌIħͷһʵʵǿһ֣ʤܶһ֡
˶ͷ˵
ϣλʲôܹʵ䱦ͲҪҴˡ飬Դ۽ԼյļɵṩǸԪɵʦǼɵ׿մ۾УžԵ


3753 ΪȫԪ
ʵĿǰԪľ棬ҪԹ⼸ɵĵҲǲԡ
ԪߵʵԸڌIۣû⡣
ǣʱ׿մ¶һþԼȲ
ԴӦ뽴ֻۣҪ׿մ۲ƣʱ׿մ֮˽˶ԹڌI֮ǰԕ׿մȻ׿մƺһֱڶԾԽơ
׿մþԽŷ˵ɵĵȥʱڳڸά켫ԪۣĿⶼžԡЩУٶ¶һڴ˷ܵ
Ѿ֪ԼҪԵĹǵ㸲ȫԪĺڌIۣɴʱ˵лüɵʱб޷ƵҪõԿ̰
Դۣǹͬĵޱǿѵʱ㻹ҪΪ˸˵һ棬Ԫ𣿡׿մֻ΢ͣһ£ͼ˵Ļ
ʵҪԾԣþѿһ˶Ծʩѹ
˵ĵþԴ۹޻ԪԸ⹲˵޴վĶ˵һģ
޻Ԫ˵Ǳƽ⣬޻Ԫ޷¢˵˵ļֵ޻Ԫ˵ѾˮǳصĵزҲΪˣ޴۲Żʱ򣬳ûһ
㿴޴۶󷽣ҶԸ⹲˵޴ΪȫԪ˵档
޴۸壡
ܴƳ˵ȫԪ߶о޴İ
޴ۣ̫лˡ
ǵ޴ѧϰ
ڻԪۣ׷״޴۵Ĵ
Щ˴޴۵ʱ򣬻ʱתĿԣ˼Ͻ޴ѧϰһ£յŷҲԴҹ
ԪҪΪǿʵҪĲ⼸ɵĵԳˡ
ڰҶžԡ
Ǻǡ׿մЦһ
ҪǵҩֱӰԪǣҩԡû׿մ۵Ц˵
ҿԴŷ˵ɵάȻԪزҽɵ΢˿˵ȻҪ޻Ԫ͕׿ջԪԪռ䡣޻Ԫ͕׿ջԪӦòҪƵɵ
Դۣ˼ǣһ⼸ɵ׿մʵ
ԣһ˿ơԵͷ
ڿЦһƣƳٵҩȫԪжߣ׿մ۵ɡ
ɵٶȺܿ죬̵ܶʱ䣬ҲƳܶɵ˵⼸ɵϺܺͲܳΪʱʹõɵΨйؼ֮ſʹ⼸ɵ缴ͻƾʱԿŕ׿մ˵
˵ˣΪԼĸ棬ûԪڲˡԴۣ̫ʧˡ׿մҡҡͷ̾Ϣһʧı顣
뽴ۣ˵ôɣ׿մֿ뽴۵
뽴ü˿׿մֿۣ˿ԡ
Դһ˾ƴ⼸ɵΪҲǿԵġ뽴۳Ƭ̺˵
ԪѴĹͷһܿʵԴȻơ㾰Դһ˾ܴ⼸ɵԪĶɵʦҲһ⼸ɵƳɵǻࣿ޴۳Ȼ˵
뽴ۣ޴˵úеǼɵѵǻ̫ò𣿡׿մ
뽴תĿ˿ԡ
Դۣ뽻Ǽɵĵ׿մĿžԣЦ˵£ɲ㡣㽻ҲýҲýΪȫԪܹȥ
ǺǣҲ׿մΣҲЦŕ׿մۡ
ԴۣǲҪ󡣲ΣǴΡ㲻ʴҵ̬ȣ׿մſ˫£һ£ڵ˶е˼
ִԲҲֻܶȡǿӲĴʩˡ׿մ۶žԺȵ
׿մۣ˵ʱܱܲǴˣͼ۷˷۾ԕ׿մ۵һӣ˷Уһά켫ѣȴ·ѵά͸˿۴ñӣ
㡭׿մϢһ׺ݵĿⶢŰͼۡ
ͼۣ̬ȣҪ뾰վһǰɣ׿մݵ˵
Σ׿մۣ֮䣬дд裿ϴںֶ⣬Ǵöˡͼ۾ǹЦݣŕ׿մ۵


3754 Գ
ںֶ⣬ͼ׿մ˽һС
ʱͼ¶ǿҵս⣬׿մɱһ봸׿մ۲һˣδά켫֮ʱо뷨ֻǵʱʵϱȕ׿մ۲ý϶࣬һֱ̡
׿մ۴ԾԴۣðͼĲʹ졣
ͼۣ׿մɫ
׿մ۶԰ͼ۵ȻҲջúܣΣͼѾ˰ʮԪİά켫֮Ԫۡɱ׿մ۾Լܻܿܡʤ㲻£ͼ۽֡
㲻Ҫ̫ˣ׿մۺȵ
ֵ֣ӦǕ׿մɣҽװ׵ĸ㣬ѹԴۣ͵ȹһأͼ۰Ĵ˵
׿մɫ࣬ݺݵĿⶢŰͼۡ
ͼۣʵ׿մĽ飬ҲеģϾΪȫԪΣ롣ȻˣþԴ۹ɵĵԾԴ۵ĸҲȷʵнϴʧҾãԵȵ޽˺ڌI֮ǸԪռ辰Դ۲Ŵ۳˵
˵ŴۻŵʱŴ۷ǳʱѾƽ
׿մŴ˵۾ʱһЩɵͼۣŴҲ֧ǻɵʲôŴۣȫԪʵǿĻԪۣ˰ʮԪİͼۣҲضŴ۵Ķ֡
ʱŴ۵̬ȣ׿մһ¡
ŴҲ֧ҵĽ顣׿մֵŴۣҲ˷ħĲ÷λѣ֮пûκҪŴ۹ħŴħ֮ġŴƷ񣬲ֵѧϰġ
׿մ۹άŴۡ
ʵħҲǶԺڌI۵ʱҲһЩãƽʱûʲôôһ󷨡
뽴̾һ
뽴ۣоͷܹۡԿڌIۣҪŽԪߣһѵ顣뽻Ԫϵػߣȴûһ׿մۡļŻԪȵȣ뽻Ԫûǡ
ĻԪۣһҲԼСžš
ǿ׿մ뾰Դۡͼ˫ìܣҪӾˡԭ׿մۿܻһΪŴ۵ı̬׿մȻǸı⣬ѾĶԾԴ۷ѵס
Դۣ빲ŷ˵ĵйԨۣĻԪռҲͳȫԪʹá׿մ۵̬ȣһӾͱüΪǿӲ
Ԩû˵
һά켫֮ĻԪۣȷʵҲûʲôʸ׿մ۶Կ
Դۣô˵ͼۿʵ
Ҫ˵ģ֮ǰѾ˵ˣҿԴ⼸ɵңṲԶ԰ͼ˵
ţУ֧㣡ͼЦӲģǷǡǺǣڶԸڌIħͷ֮ǰǻԪһս
ţͼ˵еڲһЩȵȷʵǶԿڌI۲Ե˵ͷ˵
ȸһ׿϶ͼЦԴӵά켫󣬻ûȫֹءҲ뿴׿϶ʵĳ̶ȡ
£ͼѾƣ׼׿մۿˣ
ȴҡͷס˰ͼۣ˵ô鷳ͼۣȵȵȣȷһ¡
ţͼ΢
Կɫһһ׵ĕ׿մۣ˵׿գǲұڽڌI֮ǰ֮⡣㣬ȴһֱңڣһ䣬㵽ܲܽ˶ԹҷģͬԿڌIۣܣֻɱء
׿մۿзһЦ
ָž˵СǷ㣬ô˵
뽴ۣҲӰ⾰С̬ȣҲˣʵ̫ˡɱȻǲˡ׿մֿ׿մ˵
ҡҡͷȻˣҾɱɣ
ˣԴ߶
׽ûȡڴ߶ֻڶһֱֱۣϣһҫ
ԿһһƬâ
˾ɵǣڽ֮Уȴ޷Ԫټֻܼ򵥵ĸ֪ڲ̺ܶȷܵжǿ
âŕ׿մϯȥ
СԳ֣׿մ۷ӦҲѸ٣˲֣߶ҪסԵĹ
ͼӰһҲȡ׼ʱսȦԶԸ׿մۡ


3755 ɱ׿
ھԷ֮󣬕׿մ۳ֵֵԵĹʱ򣬕׿մʵδӾԵĹΪԻά켫֮ĻԪۡ
һά켫֮ߣȻܶ׿մʲôв
׿մģھԵİͼۣʱעڰͼ۵ϡͼ۽ȡʱһ
ţ׿մۺܿʶ˲Ծ
ʩչֶ뾰ͷŵĽâӴ֮ʱһǰδеĸоһǿҵΣСҪֵԹֶΣ˲ͱ˵Ƭ̵ʱ䶼ûֵܵһâ·谭ļӽ׿մۡ
ô£׿մЩš
Ǖ׿մۣڳڶάԪۣҲЩŵĿһĻǿúԴ۵ĹûжȫͷŶ۱ûʹáɾôһУȻ׿մ۵ֵס
ʲô
ԕ׿մ۵ֶΣȻסԴһ
Դ۲ά켫֮ĻԪ𣿡
쿴ԴͷŵĽ⣬׿մ۵ķˣ
ͷŵĽ⣬˕׿մγɵķ㡣ڽ֮£Ƿֽһ
ʱĕ׿մֻۣоǰһɺصѹȶԵðԵƾδ߶øֶζ޷סԼǲʧȥ
׿մ۷һ

ţ׿մ۲ҽһ⣬û׿մ۵âڕ׿մڣգ۽ݻ١
Ѿ˕׿մۻᣬڳ֮ǰȻ׿մ۲δʶܹĻᡣ
Žâʧ׿մ۵嵹ȥһά켫֮ԪۣվȫԪ۷ĻԪۣѱһʬ塣׿մ۵һ˫۾ûбϣΪûô£ΪʲôԼ޷סʩչĹΪʲôԼסһά켫֮ĻԪߡ
뽴ۡŴۺϻ۵Ȱά켫֮ĻԪۣ𾪵Ŀžԡ
ԸճֵʱҲûʶͷŵĽжǿȵ׿մ֮ǲŻعζǵΪʵհʮ߽ӽʮԪʵǷԼȻûܿһ̺֮Ԫ
ûǿ͸һ⡣
ͼȻһɴ۾žԡ
Դۣ㡭ά켫֮ˣͼ۷ӦԾѯʡ
ƺֻеά켫֮һɣŽ͵ͨ
ͼ˵仰֮۱ţÿһ˵Ŀ⣬žԡ
ԻԪѺ󣬻Ԫûٳֹά켫֮ĻԪˡʵǿŴۡ뽴۵ˣάȻֻһ֮ңǺķʱ;ǲ̤һά
ڣµľάĳľԴۣѾǾά켫֮ǿ
ͼۣȷʵհʮһԪ򣬵ά켫֮Զ԰ͼ۵ͷ˵
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ʲôһɱֱǻӶһֱ۾ɱ˕׿մ۰
ڸά켫֮ĻԪۣеĵеź
Դۣ㡭ʲôʱά켫ģ뽴žʵ
ںֶڣڶΡֶԿ뽴۵
ʱȻҲûбҪЩԪԼʵˣҲ˵бҪ֪Լʵ
ά켫֮ĻԪۣɽΪ˵Ĺǡоά켫֮죬кܴİ
Ⱥе޴ۣɫɷף˸߰ͷ­ʱǳϣע⵽Լ׿մ֮Դ׿մ۶ɱˣն޴ۣҲʲô
Դۣ㵽ôںֶģڶνֶʱ򣬺ֶǻָ״ֻ̬֮Уά켫֮ĻԪ۶δֵܵ㵱ʱֻά켫֮ΪŴԷʡ
ΪеṥҡԿŴ˵
ںеΪʲôṥңʱҲ֪ԭ򡣺һЩ飬һ˵ͨĲ²⡣
Ϊҵ֮ǵʱ뾰֮һźϵЦŻ˵
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ԴôģеĺҲвʵǿ߳̽նûκεĽԴȥеʱҲһά켫֮ɣ
ԭԴƿ˾֮ǵĺȻֶͲܺӰ졣еĲֱӵĹϵ
ڣһʱ۷׷סһЩͨĸά켫֮ԪۣԺֶ˽ⲻֻ࣬ЩĸάԪ̸ۡ
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뽴ЩĽĿž˵
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þԴΧɱڌIħͷ
ά켫ĺʱ֡
ĻԪۣ϶ٶֳɫȻŴ۵ȼļŻԪĻԪ֮ȴδƵı¶
ܹںڌIۻָά֮ǰҵָάһʤ㡣ŴһƬڵг˵
ֶŴۡ
ϹʱڣȫԪɲֻŴһλά켫֮ĻԪۡȻյĽλ֪ǵǿȵΧɱУڌIۻǻǺǣǾԴ˵ǻ֪ڌIȻţΪһƺڌI۵ħͷڻԪŴۼ˵
Ŵ˵侲
ϹʱڵһսģŴڶǿߣڌIħͷյľսһսĹǶ֪лԪü˵
άεĺڌIħͷжǿ߾ά켫ԲҪǿ𣿡лԪʵ
ϾڳĻԪУ뵽Ϲһսֻһ֡ǲһսһ֣ҲûвվսŴ۱ˣûʸϹʱڵһս
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šֻŴһ˻Դ˵Ŵһֱ֮ءԴ뿪֮ҲһЩʱ䣬ŴҲ˰ɣϾԴ뿪֮صʱŴǵ;ƿݵĵز
ŴɫϾûٶ͡
ԿŴʵŴۣһҪ㡣
Ƿ֪ɱ¹ϴ۵ʲôˡ֣ǷļŻԪ֮ڣŴۡ
㲻Ҫң˽̸ҪҲҪ׷¹ϴ۱ɱһ¡ļŻԪ޹أͲִ¡Լ˵ԣ¹ϴ֮һļŻԪйء
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˵λָȻļŻԪλԪ֮
Ŵҡͷĸˣûв¡ҿԱ֤˶¹ϴ󣬲֪µġ
ŴۣҲ֪ɱ¹ϴ۵˭㲢δ߹ҡϼŴü˵
Ҳû˵Ŵͬü
ŴҲ˵ƵĻ
ŴۿһۣЦ˵ԣȷʵ֪ҿˡ
Դۣ֮һЩʱ䣬һһ𸴡Ŵ۶ԾԵ
ãҵϢԵ˵ͷ
ԴۣȻά켫֮ҪԸڌIۣȻǳѡΨһĻᣬںڌIȫָ֮ǰҵɱŴ˵
һҲ֪ԲŻ뽴۽λ׶˼棬ܿҵڌI۵ټԵͷ˵
Ŵۣ֪άĺڌIжǿ뽴ĿһŴʵ
Ŵ΢˵ûֱԹڌIֻ֪ۡһλά켫Բ֮ĻԪۣںڌIǰҲס̫ʱ䡣


3756 ص
ά켫֮ĻԪߣ޷ά켫ĺڌIȣ
ϹʱڵŴڌIҪСһЩŴҲǵʱȫԪǿľά켫֮Ԫۡ
ֻǲ֪ڌIһλʲôʱ뽴ɫϾڌI۵ȵԼʵָά켫֮ǡ
Կ˵ڌIۻָʵҪͨɻԪһֶΡ˿丰Ԫõָά켫֮ôڻصά켫֮ǰضǻԪռ䡣
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ס
ȸԪռķħ󶼲ɺںڌIۿԪռʱǾͿǰ׼ΪǽΧɱڌIȡʱ䡣ϻ۳˵
һ㡣ٴγκһԪռ䷢ֺڌI۵ټ֮󣬱̴ѶԪԪõѶҪκεĳɣҪǰڌIλãΧɱ
ǣԸԴۺ
Դ۵ľǡ
ڻԪۣʱҲԵΧɱڌI۵Ĺǡ
ԿȺе޴ۣЦһ˵޴ۣԺ˵ĵɣøԪռɵʦơܶƳһЩ˵ȷʵҲǺ¡
޴Եɬı˵ǣ
֮ǰԸҪ˵ĵģʱȻٷڡҷڣ¾׿մһ³
ŴۣھԻԪϢϣ㲻Ҫҵ̫áʧȥģһȥŻԪԶŴ˵

ļŻԪλԪ֮Ӵ뽻ԪصļŻԪ
Ŵۣ˭ɱ¹ϴۣڷֿ֮ǰŴŴ⡣
ϼŴۺͱŴۣҲŴۡ
ˣȷʵ֪ɱ¹ϴ۵˭Ŵ۶ԾԴ˵֪ɱ¹ϴ֮˵ݡ
Ŵ۳Уͳ˵λͬȥŻԪɣ
šϼźͱλԪ֮һۣ󶼶Ŵ۵˵ͷȥŻԪûʲôҲûȥŻԪļŻԪ໥֮Ȼһ̶ҲھĹϵŴ۾Բɱˡ
ŻԪŴ۵ʥ
Ŵ۵ʥԪռԪ֮ľһŴ۵ʥΪǰ֡ǰһ֣Ŵ۵ľŴҲֻʥǰ沿ٿµĻԪۡʥĺ沿֣ǽأŴ۵ľŷҲܽʥ
Ŵ۴ˣʥŴǰ˽
ŴۣǰߣǺʥˡŴü˵
ŴˣҲ֪Ŵ۵ʥ沿ǽأκ˶ܽ롣ڣŴƺҪǽʥӡ
ţȥʥ߰ɣٶˣһȻ֪ԭ򡣡Ŵ۱ЩŹ֡
ٴ໥һۣǻǸŴۼȥ
ʥִ֮һЩ󷨣ǰΪ֮һ䣬һڣһӰ
˵Ŀ⣬Ҳڴʱ䵽Ŵ۵˵ϡüͷһ壬¶õɫ
ݼŴۣŴǰ
Ŵ¶Щı飬Ŵ۽г˵֣ɫͬʱ䡣
Ŵۣ
֣ڶŴ˲İǶŴۣ˵֣Ŵ۱ˡŴСĵŴۣ۾
ݼŴˡ
ݼŴˣŴˣգʱҲŴ۹ȥ
ŴüżˣֶŴ˵ţô£Ϊδң


3757 Ҵ֮
λŴɫڣɫۣһ˫ֱ۳Զ˵ֱ۳ȡ

Ŵˣȴǲ̧ͷ
Ŵۣ˾ŻԪߡŴ۵ͷ˵ڻԪһλµľά켫֮Ԫۡ
ʲôŴ۽˫üչ¶ı顣
µľά켫֮ߵŴ˵仰ʱᡣ
ǵģоԣͲ󡣾Դ۵֮·˾֮̾ǰֶӺֶѵά켫֮Ŵۻ˵
Դ۾׷¹ϴһ£֪¹ϴļŻԪйءҲ𸴣ļŻԪŴۣûİ취ֻȸһŵȻ㣬һŴ˿¶εɫ
벻벻
Ԫ֮Уֵ˾ά켫֮ߡǺǡŴ۷·뵽֮УԹԵ˵ûлӦŴ۵Ļ
ˣˣţҲغܾúܾˡŴ۰˰֡
£㲻ùˣһԴŴ۶Ŵ˵
Ŵۣ뾰Խ𣿡Ŵ̧ͷŴۣݾԴ˵ΪԪħͷǵĺڌIۡŴ뾰Դɱ¡
Ŵ۵Ļпɿ뿴Ŵ뾰Դɱ
ڌIûŴһȷǺڌI
Դ۽֮أۼڌI룬˵Ӧʵ񣬺ڌIѾָά켫֮һָά켫֮ҲǻԪ֮ʱŴ۳˵
ŴϵļҵĶţֳҲڌI۵֣Ŵ޷סı仯
ŴۣϹʱڣμһսϵȫԪһս
ûŴԪǿڌI۾սһս
ŴûǣķʽʣһӱŴڻԪڌIԿʱηˣˣӳս˽ա
޾Уδǰ¶
һֱܼ尾Ӧȥġÿÿ뵽һսΪʹࡣη塢룬ǰһĳ衣
ҲΪʲô뱻κ˿ԭֻŴŴµˣ֪Ŵһֱš
ŴۣԴ˵֮صʱ򣬼ŴۡʱŴۻšŴ˵һ䡣
ʲôŴȫһϵŤ
Դۣû
Ŵ۲˵
Ŵ۴Ц
ЦУ˫Ŀй䡣úЦֹס
ţϣԻԪŴɳƣңҪȥ֮أϡ
ŴۣҲŴ۵¡ڻԪ֮ǰǾά켫֮ĻԪۡȫԪҲвٻԪǼŴ۵ģ뽴ۡͼ۵ȡ
ŴۣԴ˵ϵʱϾѵ;ƿݵĵزһ֮ؼǵİɡŴѹֵ
ΣڶȫԸڌI۳Ҳϣϣȥ顣ΪϣҲΪԼǶԴŴ˵һ䡣
ಣ
ŴӰһʧŴ۵ǰ
ţλСѡңȥԴˡŴԶԶĴŴ۵˶С
ŴۣȻһֱţŴ۵ʱȻеǳ𾪣еЩš
ϼŴۺͱŴˣҲǲı顣
ǰŴ۲δ䡣Ŵ۵ͷ˵
ŴۣΪʲôûи£Ŵʵ
ΪŴ۲ϣκ֪¡Ҳû¶еʱ䣬طŴۿż˵һΣ޷ȥˡԴ۵ά켫ҵǵסģֻŴԴ
ϣŴ뾰ԴܹìܺƽɡŴ̾˿˵
ŴΪʲôҪԼΪʲôţϼŴü
Ŵüûʹ¡֪Ŵսܻģ뽫ⲻʵ¶˵Ҫ˵ҲŴԼ˵

ԻԪ
ԴӴ뽻ԪصԼĻԪռ󣬶޲TһЩ顣Ҫ£һ֪ͨԪԼҪĵҩϣڶ¾޲TŻԪռڵʦЩά΢Ԫ÷ħ
ھԻصԼԪúŴۣǵ˾ԻԪ


3758 ά
Ŵ۴ŻԪԻԪһ·ϣҲʹ˻Ԫͨ
ԻԪŻԪδֱĻԪͨҪת
ʹô뽻ԪĻԪͨУⱻפڻԪͨڵʿ֣ƾһά켫֮ԲεΪЩԪʿҲŴʹԼԪĻԪͨ뿪
뽻ԪĻԪʿǲ֪Ŵ˭ʲôݣֻ֪һʵޱǿĻԪۣϢ㱨뽴ۡ
һʵǿʹҴ뽻ԪĻԪͨ뽴۵ľһӽ
ϣѾ뿪Ǵ뽻ԪյԷӦǽǴ뽻Ԫתվۼ˵һվǾԻԪ
פڽڵʿȫʶûһ˼뽴ü
ţǶʶǿߣ˵Ǵδİףʵǰά켫۷塣۵ͷ
ˣȫԪĸά켫֮ߣ¹Ӧöʶ뽴۵
˵¹ϣһά켫֮ĻԪۣҲ£ڸפػԪͨڵ㡣
¹ͳȷʵʶԷ˵ԼʵԷȣȻδ֣¹ͳоԷĴ⣬פڽڵľҲסԷʱ䡣˿˵ԷӦòǺڌIħͷ¹ͳ˵ԷϵϢԪ߻һ¡
š뽴˵뿪Ҵ뽻Ԫȥ˾ԻԪ֪յǾԻԪ·ԻԪȥһ˾ԻԪ

ԻԪԪͨڵ㣬ڵѴӻԪƵ˻Ԫռ֮ڡ
ڵ㸽ĻԪʿȻҲǲסŴ۵ġԪʿǣֻһӰӻԪͨڷɳӰһʧȥӰټ
פڽڵʿǿһֻά켫֮Ϊ޿׷Ŵۡģ̷߽Ԫռ䡣
޲T˵Чʻͦߵģʱ޲T㵽˾ǰ˴¡
ߣϢ΢΢һվԪɫ״̬һ̻㱨
ǣ޲TӦ
ͬʱ̿գۼ串ԻԪ
ֻǡ
ԵŸոշųȥͣסˡΪѾ֪Լʥ֮⣬һ
ǺڌIۡ˲ӦԷϲûǾͲǺڌIۡ
ಣʥ
޲TϾԴͻȻɳ΢Ҳٸȥ
ʥ֮⣬ɫ۵߶档ɫۣ˫ۼߣȻǸոյִﾰԻԪŴۡ
ĿⶢŶԷ׼ԴӶԷϣǸоһЩΣյϢά켫֮ĻԪۣ»ܸԴָо
˭ûΪΣҸоΪǳԽάĲΣа
ھԶŴ۵ʱŴҲڴžԡ
ĪǾ˵ľԴۣǡޱȵᣡŴа
޲T˾Ŵۣ΢΢üоյˣЩ죬ƺһӾЩ벻
ʲôˣӺζҾԻԪʲô£Գ⡣
ԵѯʣŴû̻ش
Ƭ̣˵ǾԴۣ
ǾԣԵ
ţŴ۵һͷרģŻԪ
ŻԪôܣŻԪеĸά켫֮ҶʶȻڡҡҡͷ
ֿ޲Tʵ޲Tʶλ𣿡
Դ۶Լ˵޲T͵Ĵӻѹ¶֮ɫ
˿ԣֿŴۡ
ϣŴۡ޲T˵
޲TδŴ۱ˣŴ۵Ӱ档Ϲʱڣά켫֮ĻԪҲôÿһȫԪעĽ㡣ÿһڻԪһӡǡ
ŴۣԶֲϤϾʱܶݡ
˵ʵȫԪڵĸά켫֮߶ϲȫһЩû档
ԣšŴ۵˵ͷԼݣ˵Դۣ㣬һЩ̣ҲشһЩ⡣
üͷ΢ŵʲôˡ
ϣŴϹʱڵľά켫Բǿ֮һŴߵĻԪۡ޲TԾ˵
ͫ΢΢һ
ȻԷȻһά켫֮ĻԪۣ


3759 Լº
ֻǣŴΪλţ
ϹʱڣŴ۴ȫԪǿΧɱڌIۣŴǾά켫֮ĻԪۣŴ۵ضҲֱӲμ˶ԺڌI۵ΧɱôʱŴΪλųԼǰ
뽴۵ҲδŴۻţڻԪǰΪȫԪѾûоά켫֮ߴˡ
Ŵۣ㷽˵Ŵ۶Īô꣬һֱŻԪŴʵ
Ŵ۵ͷûȷʵһֱŻԪӲǰ¶档ԣУֻŴ֪һš
Ŵ۲ǰӴ뽻ԪصŻԪȻŴ۱ҡԻ˵Ŵ˵Ҫң
Դۣ֪ŴǷĻţŴۣ֮ڣŴԵЩ
֮ؼŴ۵ʱŴȷʵš˵ֻǵʱŴѵ;ƿݵĵزڣŴۿˡ
һţŴۻֱۣԴۣһͬȥ֮ءңҪϡ
ü˵ԪڌIвȫԪʱǱ뽫ΧɱڌIϡɱڌIۣȥŴΣ
УǱȥֻŴۣܶԿڌIħͷûŴۣǾͺ޻ᡣԴۣȻѵά켫֮ԿڌIۡ㣬˽ڌI۵жǿûԹ޷е֪ĿֲŴ۵Щ
ü
ʵҲٻ֮ؿҲ֪ŴǷԻšǣҲǺڌIۻٴĳԪռ䡣
Դۣ㲻֪¹ϴ۵ңԸ𰸣ûдӦŴ˼˵
һ˼֣ѵ¹ϴǱŴɱ
Դۣº֮㡣ˣҾͽ֪Ϣȫ㡣Ŵ˫Ŀž˵
¹ϴɱϢ΢΢һ䣬ʵ
Ҳ˵ʲôº֮Ŵ仰ȥ
ԿŴ۵Ӱʧû׷ȥ
ϣŴʲô˼ѵ¹ϴǱ޲TʵɫǲѪɫԴ¹ϴ۱֮һֱΪ¹ϴ۱
Իҡҡͷ˵ʱȷ¹ϴµ࣬Ŵһ֪ºǾ֪ˡ
Ҫȥź򣿡޲Tѹеʵ
ԡԵͷ
Դۣ޲T
ʱһӰӽԶԶغ
ˣǴ뽻ԪĴ뽴ۡ뽴֪ǿ߾뽻ԪǰԻԪӴ뽻Ԫ˹ʱŴ۸ո뿪뽴۸ϵ
뽴ۣôͻȻˣĪǷ˺ڌI۵ӰԿ뽴ֵۣ
ڌI۵ټδ֡ҵõ鱨˵һİʵΪǿ߾뽻ԪĻԪͨǰԻԪԣ֪ԴǷ֪¡뽴۶Ծ˵
ţǸ˸ոմ뿪۾΢УŴ뽴˵ˣ뽴Ӧʶ
ţ˭뽴ɫһ
ŴۡԵ
Ŵۣ뽴һûӦ֪УϹʱھά켫֮ŴѾȥ̫̫ˣһŴۣ
ϹʱڣŴ£ά켫֮ŴۡԵ
ʲô
ôܣŴ۲Ѿһսս𣿡뽴˿˵
ȻŴۻţδȥ뽴ۣڴ֮ǰԴҲȫ֪飿ʵ
Ҵδ˵ŴۻŵϢ뽴ϵ𾪱δɢ˵
ŴӦǽԼһֱŴ۵ŻԪ˶֪š¹ϴ֮Ӧйءºһ֮ټʱ¹ϴΪɡ˵
ŴۡȻû¹ϴɣйأ
Դۣ¹ϴĪŴɱ㡭ô
ҪԸڌIۣλά켫֮ĻԪ֣ǻὫ󡣶ңŴۻڌI潻ֹԺڌI۵˽ⶨԶԶǡ뽴ĳ˵
ⷬпǲϣԴŴɱڲڌI֮ǰ
ڻȷºٿɣ
֮Ŵڻš԰˰ֵ


3760 ֵź
뽴۴ǵ뿪˾ԻԪ¹ϴŴ֣֮ǾԴۿܻŴɱ
λά켫֮ĻԪɱĽ
ܾˣҲǾԴƾά켫ŴС
һֽɶȫԪ޴ʧûкڌIвãںڌIۼָά켫֮ȫԪڹϣԪʵǲںġ
뽴뿪֮󣬾ֶ޲Tһ¡
Ҫ޲TһӾԻԪ֮ͨǵĻԪͨһӾ֮ǿֱӵִﾰ֮ǣٴӾ֮ǣʹûԪִͨź
޲Tȥ

Ŵۻţ
Ϲʱھά켫֮ԲԪŴۣ
Ŵɱ¹ϴۣԴҪΪ¹ϴ۸𣿡
˫Լº֮棿
Ŵû𣿡
ϢѾˣĿǰΪֹж˼ŴۡԻԪѺŴһ´ŻԪΪԴ۵ά켫֮׷¹ϴŴ۶סѹŴ۲Ųò¶档
ŴΪҪɱ¹ϴۣ
Ͳˣ
⡭ǲҪȫԸĶԿڌIڣά켫ŴۻţԴҪŴɱ
ŴϹʱھѾά켫֮ʵȻǿԴۣӦŴ۵Ķֻ֡ǲ֪Դץ¹ϴ֮²֣Ŵۻ᲻ᱻŭӶԾԴ֡
Ŵ۹¶󲻾ãȫԪǴ;Դ۵ۡ
ЩԪȷ֤֤¹ϴ۾ŴɱǾʵӦþҪȻŴΪͻȻ¶棿ңŴۻԼԴº֮
Ҳ˲²ŴδϹʱһսлģ˲²ĽʵΪӽ
һսУŴ۶䣬μӵĻԪȫսΪʲôŴۻѲ³ŴۿӱڽŴһֱԼټ͸ˡ

ŻԪ
Ŵ۵ѾȫԪ߶֪ŴۻšŴۣȻҲҪ¡
Ŵ۳ŻԪȥԻԪҾԴʱŴ۾йעʵŴҲЩǾԴŴɱ
ܿ͵õһЩϢŴھԻԪδ뾰Դ۴Լºټ档⣬Ŵ΢һЩ
Ŵۻûл𣿡ŴڵŴ۷ŻԪŴȰ˵Ȱ価Ҫ뾰Դ۲ɱ
ϣŴ۲δԪͨǱߵʿһֱţûŴ۵ӰŴһԪҡҡͷ˵
Ŵ۴ʱѾ뿪ԻԪûзŻԪŴȥŴü˵
ϣŴԼԴºź棬Ŵۻ᲻ǰȥź򣿡ǻԪ۵
Ŵ۵˵ͷ˵ţпܡŴҪ֮أֻǴʱ֮شڹر״̬Ŵ۵ʵ֪ǷܹǿнС
ˣҲȥһź򡣡Ŵ̾һ
ϣӾԻԪ֮ǵĻԪͨѾȵԻԪ͵֮ǣٽź򸹵ءϾͲҪķʲôʱ䡣ǻԪۿŴ˵
ţܺáŴٴε˵ͷ
ʱһȥ
źУǿߵӰԽԽࡣԭźƬά켫֮ĻԪ۶ټһά켫֮ĻԪۣƬưԡһʱ䣬ȴǲά켫֮Ԫ۵Ӱ
źڵĵȵԱЩսľһǵĴڣԼĵ֮֡ԣЩϵߣֵ̿ò뵺ˡ
һЩϢͨߣ̽һЩ鱨Ϣ
ǵ
ǵԭ̫ʷǵ̫ʷۡǵַһЩ飬ԱǵĵԱΪ̫ʷۺǵϵһЩͷߣΪԴ۳Ϊ֮󣬿ǵٵķչ׳󣬾Ҳͽ˵ݡ
ǵٹһΣھԵµؽ
ԴۣҲ뿪ǵв̵ʱˡǵϵ񣬶̫ʷۡƽ̴ۡ۵ȵȻԪ۸
һʱ䣬źʵֲĻԪۡҲ֪׷ʲô顣̫ʷ˵
ڣǵϵĶλͷߣ϶켫֮ĻԪۡȻЩ˶ǵά켫֮Ϊ


3761 ǵ
ھǵ֮ǰǵźֻһȽСǵԭ̫ʷֻۣһά켫֮ߡ
ԳΪ֮ǵǵӡҲͨĻԪۣ켫֮ǵôʱһҲˡ
ּźҪ¡ƽ۳˵
ƽԭ̫ʷ۵ſͣʵӽ켫
̫ʷ۵˵ϢһЩǶû̽Ҫʲô飬ֻ֪϶вѰ鼴
ѵ֮йأ̴۵
֮ؽڲῪɣĹضûʲô仯ϴοʱ㣬һοӦûҪܳʱ䡣̫ʷҡҡͷ˵
֮⣬ʵ벻ʲôܹЩάά켫ǿĿ˵
ǻ޷̽ϸһ鱨𣿡̫ʷüʵ
ѾǲһЩ̽ȥ̽ˣӦúܿͻϢ̴ۿ̫ʷ˵
ϣ鷢ɣҲ֪ǵĵ̫ʷĿ̧𣬿Զˡ
ԵѾ뿪ܾˣڶûʲôϢԵʲôʱأ
̴۽ӵһѶһ䡣
һЩϢˣ̴˿˵ΪλȫԪǿԼźһսԣкܶǿߵƺΪ˹ս
ȫԪǿߣǵάά켫֮ǿ߰ɣ
ΪʲôҪźԼսһܾͻݻһǵ̫ʷ۵˵۾

ԾԻԪʹûԪͨ͵֮ǡ
ڳڣּ˾޸һ档
ΪҲǺ뿪֮ڵѾԽԽˡھ޸۵İ֮£һ
֮⣬֮һжǼºû¼
Ӿ֮ǣʹôͨź
صź򣬾ҪǰԼǵ
ǵ½ϣԿܵĻ΢΢¶Ц⡣
뿪ʱ򣬵ûʲô仯Ե˵Ҳ֪ǵϵЩѣòá
ǵĺ֮أ
ˣԣ΢΢һ㶣󼤶Ĵһ
Ľ⡣
̫ʷ۵ˣ׷״ӸԵľ˹
Ե
ˣ
ˣ̫ˣ̫ˡ
̫ʷ۵˼ԣһ鶼ܷḻУλ켫֮ĻԪǾûİףǺżľǵҲһά켫֮ߡ
ܾûˡԶЦЦ˵Ƕðɣ
ͦõġ
ûʲô·һֱǵǵҲûǾǵ
е˵壬ǵҶںɱʱûǵ߶ˡ
˷׷׿˵
ţܺáԵͷߣǽȥ˵
˸žԣ뵺
̫ʷ۽ź
ˣƺΪλԪǿҪźս˴ǿǰս̫ʷԾ˵
Ŷ˭˵ģһ㶣Цʵ
˴̽ϢϢӦġֻǲ֪λԪǿҪս̴ۿžԻ˵
ǲҲΪ£Բڴʱźģ̫ʷʵ
԰˰ֵȷʵΪ²Ż˵Ԫǿ߿սⲻ׼ȷ᲻ʱ˵Ҫ˫̸Ρ
֪λԪǿҲ֪ǲ˵ֵĸά켫ԪۡһԪ΢΢Щʵ
šһҡ۾ˣָָԼ
ּ˵һˣǻҲ˵ְɣŴۣϹʱھʹڵǿߡ
ʲô

˵Ҫһλǿ̸У
̸òɹҪԷ
ŴָۣоϤƺʲôط
ڣһʱЩӣÿ˵ı鶼𾪡
ڡѵѾǸά켫֮𣿡̫ʷ˫Ŀžԣ˿ʵ
ǵά켫֮ӦǲܱΪԪǿ߰ɣά켫֮ĻԪȻҲǿǷȫԪƶǿȻǲ׵İɣ
ţǰɣԵ˵ͷҲûж˽͡


3762 Ĺ
ά켫֮
̫ʷ۵һǵͷ۾˲Բ
̫ʷ۵˵ά켫֮ߣǶǴ˵еĴڡЩά켫֮Ԫ۵ǲлĿõά켫֮ǿ߷ɵġ
ҲǣȫԪУά켫֮ĻԪҲͶλҡȫԪԪռ䣬Ƿëǡ
ʱһά켫֮ǿ߾ǰݻǵĵǵȻеޱȵ𾪡ͬʱҲеǳĽǵĵҲǸά켫֮Ĵڡ
̫ʷۻǵãԴ۸ոǵʱ򣬻һά켫֮Źȥʱ䣿Դۣѵά켫֮
ĶһλԪۣ̫ʷʵ
ڳˣҲžԡ
ţһλʵǿĻԪۣϹʱھѴڡЦЦ˵
ˣ²ǲģҲﲻϡ̫ʷ˵˵뿪ʱ䣬źûзһЩ°ɡԶ̫ʷ˵
̫ʷ۵Խھ뿪ʱźȤ¡ʵҲûʲô£޷Ǿǵǵ֮ľͻìܴﵽһ̶ȣͿܷһս£սСΧڣѱǵ֮ȫսоĳǵʲôطɹɱһͷǿ޵ȵȡ
ǵСסһʱ䣬µʱ١
һգԴ̫ʷ۵ȼǵҪһͬǰĹء
֮أĹءŴ뾰Լĵص㣬֮⣬ҲĹء
Ĺ뾰Եһʱû̫ı仯ԱһξԽĹصʱ򣬴ʱĹصҪһЩֻҪʥʮ̶ҪʱĹصŻŨ
һЩǵߣĹѰŻԵҪһһʱ䣬ĹسһЩʵΪǿĻԪۡЩʵǿĴĹأĴ̽飬ڵȴҪһ¡
뽴ۡͼۻļŻԪλԪ֮ԼԨۡ޴۵ȵȻԪǿߣʱ򶼳Ĺء
ΪЩԪǿߵĵȫԪõϢڶάάԪۣҲ뷽跨ĹأҪ֡һӿôά켫ǿߵĻᣬǿ൱ġ
Ĺ֮УĻԪۣľۼ̸š
̫ʷ
Դ̫ʷ۵˸սĹʱһǵߣ̫ʷ۴к̫ʷǾǵĸǵв˻ǻֱӳ̫ʷΪ̫ʷ
ԵҲˣո̫ʷ۴кˣһ̲ſԣ΢΢һ
ź򣬾ԵȻ൱ġ꣬ԿǼһάǵź򶼼𾪡
ţˡԷЦЦͷ˵
󣬾Դ̫ʷ۵˼롣
Եǻˡ
ǰԵ뿪źͦһʱ˰ɣ
λӦҲΪ˿ֵġϾֻһӶѿһΡ
˵Եûеά켫֮
ά켫֮ûôװɣǾԵάҲԷˮô򵥡
Ҳ߰ɣλҪĹشսĶǿߣӦöˡ
ǵߣҲĹۡ
Ժ̫ʷһˣĹأһ·ϣܶǵ߶뾰Ե˴кЩˣ϶ǵά켫֮Ԫۡ
λۣңҼһΣԪĻԪ֮һά켫֮ĻԪۣһҵı飬ߵ˵
Ŀ⣬ŲԶһɫ۵ߡɫ۵ĻԪۣԪĻԪۣ֮һλά켫֮ǿߡ
ۣģߵĻԪۣ̾ͳʵ
ʶۣǻȥк˵
ۣǿǸά켫֮ǿ߰һ
ȥʰάǿôĹ̽ѰҪǿˡ
˵۵Ķά켫ԪɫǺ죬һ˵ʶۣ۲ʶҰðȻȥкҪ鲻ãһô죿
ܵ˶Ц
쿴ˡһ۴ǿһȥ
ףǲǾǵ̫ʷ𣿡
̫ʷۣԵȻҲڡԵʲôʱźģ
ۣžԵһ߹ȥġô£¶ȵı˵


3763 ﲻ
žԵһһ֮ḷ̌ܵȷ۵ȷʵǳ徰Եȥġ
ˣƺҪҾԵ鷳˵
Եʶۣ˵
ԵʶۣǸά켫֮ĻԪۣɲôʶġ˵ԵʶۣҲӦǾԵۼŶԡڣȴҲһǵȥһάǵĵ˵
ôһԱߵ˵ͷ
˵̸ʱԵ۽档
ʵڼ۵˿߹ʱ̫ʷ۵ȾǵҲЩšΪǱȽϻԾĸά켫֮ԪۣҲǷǳ̫ʷҲϳۡ
һά켫֮Ԫۿ첽Լ̫ʷ۵Ҳ
ˣʶۣ̫ʷ۵ʾԡ
ǰҼһ档ԻӦ
Ķֲ۰ɣ̫ʷһǵͷ
ҡҡͷЦ˵ҵĶֲۣǲصġ
Ը˵仰۵˾͵˾һ˵Ľǰ
۵ı鲨ЩԼ˵񣬼Դۡ
ԪߣҲǲĶˣԴ۹
λѲض񡣡԰˰֣Ϊ˵
Ե仰۵˲Żָ̬
ô£
Ե񣿡
ǼôˣЩ󰡣ʲô
ۿǸά켫֮ĻԪۣԪ֮һȻȻԵңԵȻֻĹ־ˡ
ǿľҿһΪԼۻˣ
ԪĻԪ֮ǣϴ˰ɣ
ߣ˾ԾۣҲϴ
Զ˵ǵߣüǲףΪʲôά켫֮ǿߣԵ˵ͨ
̫ʷ۵ȾԵ£Ϊ֮𾪡ǰһ̻šģһ̾Ϳ۶ǵĵԴ۹ˡת䣬ίʵЩ졣ѵǱۻҪǿά켫֮𣿿ɼˣͬĻԪۣӦҲԷɣ
ۣ磿ʵ
ؾԴۣҺҲǼǰŽźġָָ˶Ծ˵
ףԨҲˡĿǰӣ˹ԨԪĻԪ֮ԨۺµԪۡ
ҲתȥȻǹԨ۵ˡ
ԨۡԶԶԨ۹ּ
ݣۿ϶ǲ繱Ԩ۵ġֻ˵һ㣬ԨϵֻۣѰά켫֮ԪۡʵϣԨҲ۸ǿһЩ
ۣҲˡԨۼۣ¶ЦݣҲ˹˵
ǵģԨۣѾˡ۵ͷ˵
ǵߵߣֶ۽ڹԨ۵ϡԨڻԪ̫ԾԼ߸٣˶빱Ԩ۵ĶԻȻ˵ԨԪάԪռ䣬֪λԨۣҲ֪ԨԪԴ
ݼԴۡ
˵ע֮£ԨԹҲͬʱ
Ԩۣˣˡ԰ֶԹԨ˵
ԨۣҲԵ񣿡
Ҳ̫˰ɣǴʱľԴۣ֪ľԵ𣿡
ԨۣۡΪʲôԾԵ˵Ĺأ
˵Եǰά켫֮ĻԪ۰ɣҶţ
֮½иάԪۺͽǿάԪ۵ǾԶԹ̬Լ
̫ʷԼǵߣһδεķ¡
ʵǿά͸άԪԽԽ⣬ǵ˴ҲѸࡣ
ԾΪģΧȻʵ̫㹻ߣǲҿԵλõģֻԶԶĿšЩǵߣڴеԭ
쿴뽴۵ˡ
뽴ۣǴ뽴ۣ
뽻ԪĻԪ֮ȫԪǿ֮һ뽴ۣϹߣ
ά켫ۡ
ҾȻҿ˴뽴۵ķɡ뽴۵ʣǳף˾
ף뽴ҲžԵλ߹ȥˣ߹ȥˣ
ڶǵߣ뽴ž߹ȥǻ뽴۵ɫЩأһصӡ


3764 
ȫԪֻҪǵ켫֮ĻԪۣ㼸֪ܲ뽻Ԫ֪뽻ԪȻҲ֪ԪռĻԪ֮뽴ۡ
뽴ۣȫԪʵǿλߵĻԪ֮һ
ʱ˿뽴۶Դλ˹ȥ
Դۡ뽴Թ
ȻάԪôԣǵ߿У뽴ȷʵǶԾԴ۹ˡ
Դǹֻ
ԴۣĹڣŴ𣿡뽴۶Ծʵ
ҡͷ˵δŴۣӦûûɡӦҲһգŴ۱ض
뽴߽һЩ˵Դۣ㼴Ŵٴμ档ôо𣿡
ھԻԪʱҾ˵ҵľҪŴ۶¹ϴʲôŴɱ¹ϴۣҲҪ֪ʲôԵ˵
ԴۣҡϣܵȴڌI֮ȥ¡뽴ٶȶԾȰ˵
ü
ŴϹʱھǾά켫֮ʵȻΪǿᡣԴۣʱŴɱܿܶ㲻뽴һ˵
Ŵ۵ΪȷʵǱϹʱڸӸˡʱŴ˹˵
ոط˴뽴۶Ծ˵Ļ
޾УŴۼеʱ䶼ŻԪŴֻһСά켫֮ĻԪۣԪѾﵽ˼£ܼϹʱڣȫԪжλά켫֮ĻԪۣսϣŴΪǿ⼸λά켫ԲǿǿŴۻ˵
ԿŴۡ
ԴۣҲϣŴɱҲ֪ŴΪҪɱ¹ϴۣһԼɡŴۣаˡԴѾŴۼһ棬Ҳһ˽⡣Ŵ뾰Զż˵
ҪŴ׿˵ɱ¹ϴ۵ɡûʲô仯˵
Ŵ۵˵ͷûٿڡ
̫ʷ۵Ⱦǵߣվھߣѹɽ
ǸԶǸά켫֮ʵֲǿߡ
һЩάǿ˵ʱһѣСά켫֮ǿߣȻ΢Ц̸ܿ
ǵĵԴۣʵȫԪݣΪʲôһλλվȫԪ˵ĴڣԾԵô
ǵߣ͸ãˡЩά켫֮ǵߣǺЩά켫ǿϹϵֻԼһЩھԵϢ
ԵǾά켫֮
ôܣ˵ȫԪûоά켫֮ĻԪ۴𣿡
ҼǵõҵһμԵʱֻһά켫֮ԣϴĹصʱ򡣡
̫ʷǣðǿ̫ʷǶЩά켫ڽ̸Щ̬ȶܺõӡ
ǵߣĽĿ⿴̫ʷ۵Ⱦǵߡ

ʮʱ
һɫֱۣۼĻԪۣ˵ߡ
ٶȼ죬ĹУҲһ㵽˵Ľ
ˣȻŴۡ
Ŵ۵ԵЩ㲣۾ҲЩ졣
Ŵۣ
һĿ⣬ŴۡһЩϹʱھʹڵߣŴۡʱټŴۣһ۾ͽ˳
Ŵ۹Ȼţ
ά켫֮ϴԲǿߣŴۡ
֮ǰ˵ŴۻŵʱǲŵģΪǻԡڣۼŴ۱ˡŴۣĴϹʱһսл
ڸά켫֮ĻԪۼŴۺ󣬶ʶס˺
ݼŴۣһЩά켫ۣŴ۹Ǿηı顣
ڴά켫ǿߵʶ֮УŴ۵ʵҪȾԴǿġϾŴϹʱڵľά켫ԲԴ½ľά켫֮Բ
Ŵ۵ˣҲŴʺ
ŴۿڶԼߣ˰֡ʵϣŴ۲ЩԪǰ֡ͲһֱŻԪˡܲϣԪ֪Ŵһӱ
£һֱĥܼ尾ȻԴ۵ĽάϺڌIٶڻԪŲò¶档
ԴּۣˡŴû̫ЩкʰĻԪۣĿ⿴˵


3765 ά
Ŵۣ뾰Զվ
ͷǰ֡ˣ
ǰŴ㵽ҾԻԪԼ֮¹ϴ۵ǶѾŴۣǷԽҪ֪ˣŴʵ
Ŵ۳
뽴ۡŴۻаͼ۵ˣĿⶼŴۡ
Ƭ̣Ŵ۲ų˵¹ϴɱģ
ԴۣΪ¹ϱ𣿡ŴͻȻЦĿžԣЦ
ǣ㻹ûɱҡŴ۱鿴ȥЩ
ڌI֮伴ָ۷塣ԴۣӦÿǵģζԸڌIۡȻ㲻ܶԸ˺ڌIۡŴ۵ܴ
Ŵ۵ⷬȫ߶ëȻĸоЩǵߣǼǵ켫֮ĻԪۡǣ϶֪ڌI
ϹʱڣкڌIĴħͷ㸲ȫԪŴۣնɱ˺ڌIħͷȫԪŴȴ˵ڌIħͷţ
⾿滹Ǽ٣
ڌIħͷţҪٶȸȫԪǸô죿
λŴۣĪǾϹʱڸŴͬڌIħͷսľά켫Ŵۣ˷
ŴۻţһֱڻԪ
֮ǰϢ˵λԪǿҪźԾѵָŴۺ;Ե
ڶǵߣϵı飬Ϊḻ
ŴۣҺ֪ΪҪɱ¹ϴۣüʵ
ǺǣҪɱһССά켫ߣҪʲôɱɱˣŴں˵
һ⣬ھؼۣŴ۵仰еŭ
ڴ֮ǰԺе뷨ȷʵҲЩᡣ뽴ȺھԻԪĹʲôľû˵ߴ뽴ۣԼ֪ľʲô
ŵԣҪΪ¹ϴ۱ҼȻ֪Ŵɱ¹ϴ۵֣ôûѡˡԵͳ˵
Դۣ侲һ£뽴æ˵Ϊ¹ϴ۱𣬲һҪڡǶȹνѣٱҲ
뽴˵ûԴۣǵά켫Բ֮ߣǻԪѺһάǿߡԽԽΪȫԪǣҲõΣ֮ٿǸ˵ĶԹŴҲ˵
λά켫֮ĻԪۣԿǺڌIۣȷʵһЩͼۣ˵
ͼʵǵľԣҲþԵеùŴۡʱŴ۽֣ǱذɵĽ֣֮ǡ
ŴۡԴۣˣԸڶλ۵£ڌIħͷսڸά켫֮Ĵ۷׷˵
δ˵ʲôŴٴηЦ
ǡ̫ˣƾǣҲɱڌIۣ
ǾͲ룬Ŵ۵ʵǿᣡŴλά켫֮ĻԪۣټʮ˰ʮԪά켫֮ԪڌI۽оսɽأ
ԴۣΣۿڌIۻŵˣŴžԡ
ΧɱڌIۣһЦŴ۴ʱ֮߳ʵ۷壡Ŵۼ˵
ŴۣڌIδָʵֺαڰУûȫָǾлᡣŴüŴ˵
ǺǣҪǵɡңܡŴ۰֣Ʋٶ̸
Դۣ㵽ҪҪΪ¹ϱ֣ұҪ֮ˡŴֿԣ˵Ҫ֣ǾͿʼɣȻܻڽ
Цһ
ˣ׽ھУǿת
ȡŴҲһһ̹Уı۱޾¡ŴۣҲǺܾúܾòʹùˡ
ǬһԿгһȡ
һ⣬Ա׽ŷŴϯȥڳߣԼŴ֮⣬ܸ֪һ̺֮Ԫ
úãҾͿ½ά켫ʵﵽʲô̶ȡŴ۾һж̹նһȦһεܡ
ȦȻһ𣬱ǬһֵĽӭȥ
λά켫֮ĻԪۣĹأ໥ɱ
뽴۵˶¶εɫûǿֹλά켫ǿߡͼ۵۾ı۱ҲȻгУ׼ҪȥڹؼΪԵһŴ۵Ĺ


3766 
Ĺ֮Уά켫Բ֮ǿ߾Դά켫Բ֮Ŵ۽֡
ڶǵߣٺ󳷡̫ӽܱܿλάǿսʱɢǲܹġһЩά켫֮ĻԪۣԶһЩĵط
Ǭһ۵Ľ⣬ŴͷŵĻȦ˫Ŀע֮½ӴȦס˽⡣һ̣ͬʱŷΪҫĿĹԣ⻪ʣ·Ĺصѹȥ
ڹԱŷ֮ľ޴֮ռ𵴣ѣضʧȥɫ
ά켫֮չֲֳ˼¡
˺һʱ䣬ͻȦɢԴۺŴˣԶսȦ֮ڣ˵ĿⶼŶԷ
һν棬Ȼδֳ¡
Ǿά켫֮𣿡
أȫɣά켫֮ǿߣԿɻһԪռ䡣
ԵѾǾά켫֮ˣ
տʼǶ죬ΪЩԾԵôԭԵά켫ˡ
ԵΪ¹ϴۣŴһս
˵˭ʤ
ǵǣ۾գʼնųеľԴۺŴۡЩˣɶδά켫Բ֮ǿ߳֡
Դۣ벻ոյάд˵ȻŴֳֶ̹žԵͳ˵
Ŵ۵Ǳ˼֡Գ˵
Ǻǣ𣿡Ŵ۾𣺡ţǿθСˣĴͣں档
Ŵۻ£˫ס̹һеĶ̹ʱһΪ̹Ǳ֮̽̽ϣƣֲܲļ¡
ԴۣٽһСŴۿһͺȡ
䣡񱩵Ȼӿ
Ŵ۵ŨĹâסԶԶĿȥŴ۷·һ֮ڡǰ֮̽ǵĹ
ſֲԺȥ
һڵ˲߶¡
Ǭǧػ
㽣Ļռ䣬ֶ⽣ĻռУɱľŸ֣֡ÿһϣк嫵ܲɢԶսߣǽǿǾŸ֣һ޷ĸо̫ǿˡ
âϣɱںϣױȵ
ŴͷŵԸоõ̺֮
ϹʱھѾǾά켫Բ֮ǿߵŴۣʵȷʵǷǳǿᡣԸоԼʩչȻͬǿ󣬿ҪԴͻŴۣ
һȡ̨
磡Խע̨֮УͷŸ硣
ֻ˲Ϣ֮䣬һõʱ併١
ţ˫ĿԲ
硭ˣת
ոͷŵĸ磬þԼû뵽Դӵά켫֮󣬾Իδʹùһ깥ֶΡʱʹãʱ䣬þԼһ
ά켫֮󣬾Ե巢ʱ䣬ԭĽɫɫʱǾԶֱӹġʱ䣬һֱӰ˾ʩչܡ
ʵϣԵ΢Ҳ΢Ҳǵõ˴ȵǿ򣬾ȷʵڸոյά켫֮ʵϹǿŴȥ
깥Ŵüͷһ塣
⡭깥Ϊ֮ǿŴ۲δʧȥʶԸоѹֱܵӵĸţòֳܴľȥѹסס壬ܻ뵽֮С
ģ޷ȫƿظոʩչ
¡
飡
Ǭǧػܲײ֮ϣһЩĹص߶Ѫʵϵ͵ĻԪֱۣӱ˹ȥ
̫ˣ
ʱʧ
ǬǧػĽĻռ䣬ȻڣŴۼǹȥǬǧػ̺˺ܶ࣬дȻǳĿֲ
Ŵܸǣƣ޷õ״̬ӦԡֻܱתֶΣֵǬǧػǹܡⱻķȻǲȫǬǧػĲд
ңʱľԣѾͷŵڶǬǧػܡ
뽴۵˿һĻĿ࣬ţǵȻԿԴŴ۵Ľ棬Ŵ۾ȻǴơ


3767 ų
ĪŴδȫɿֲô¡
ʱŴǱȵֻܱĵزˣỹȫ뽴۵ȻԾά켫Բ֮ǺǻܹоŴȫԸˡ
ѵԴ۵ʵѾԽϹʱھ͵ά켫֮Ŵˣ
˽֮ǰŴۡŴ۵ˣɲΪĽаͼۣȡ۱߶׼ʱ֧ԮˡȻҲԼά۷ʵ޷̫æᾡһ
꣡
ǬǧػĲܣŴ۵ķϡֻǲ־ҲⲨѸٰǬǧصĽĻռ䣬ҲǲϵѣɽĻռ϶࣬ܲڶʱȫɢ
䣡
һ죬ŴһɢţŴ۵ɳȥѪҺ
һ̽˫֣ҵĲš
ŴסΣһɻ󡢲žԡ
ŴԼҲû뵽Դ۵ʵǿ˳̶ȣһóΪ˵깥ԴۣǸոյά켫֮ǿ
ʵϣ֮󣬾ԥˡԥĲٿǿüٴʩչǬǧػġûгŴΪҪ
ˣŴͻȻ˵֡
ݣԵ԰סЩ㲣ʱһ̬ӵĸо
Ŵ۰ˣ޴۵۾˵ϣŴۻܾԵģ뾰Դг
ԡˣԴ۵ʵŴۡͼɨ޴˵
ոյά켫֮ܳԽŴۣһΪԴ۵ʵŴ۲ܶࡣ澪˵
ԴۻڽգĹأɱŴ𣿡ֹ

Դۣ벻ոսά㣬֮ǿŴ¶Ц˵ٸһЩʱ䣬ĻӵŴ۵ʵϧڌI۲ôʱ䡣
ңӵŴʵҲ޷ɱڌIۡŴ˵仰ʱͳ
üŴۡ
¹ϴûšŴ۽ͻȻ˵仰
¹ϴû
ţüëһ
ڣڳߣΪ¹ϴǰˡǰֻǲ֪ɱ¹ϴ۵˭֮ǰ֪ˣɱ¹ϴ۵Ǿά켫֮ǿŴۡ
ڣŴ˵¹ϴۻš
Ŵ۶֪¹ϴۻţҲһֱΪŴɱ¹ϴۡ
¹ϴ۱һռڣӡǡŴԶһơ
ԽӹƣӦ֮󣬾֪˶ռڡ
ɳһ¹ϴûȻͲҪɱŴˡ
ŴۣȻһֱûɱ¹ϴۣΪҪһռڣ뽴۶Ŵʵ
ΪңϳҡŴЦһԴ뽴۵ңϣκ֪һš
뽴۵˵ͷ
Ŵۣ¹ϴĻš룬֮㲻ҪֳˡԿŴ˵
ŴЦݹŹ֣ûлӦ仰
ԴŴۻɸΪ񲯡һǽλά켫֮ǿߣԸڌIħͷİվ͸ˡһά켫֮ĻԪЦ˵
λά켫ԲǿǣͬԿǸħͷ
ǻȡʤ
˶ãԪߵ˾޴ԽڌI۵ĶһЩ
άΣжʮάܽڌIٴηɣǡúϧӰɣӣˡŴָ˵ͷһˮ
˶ü
ŴۣαǷϣҲ֪ڌIʵǿҲΪǾͺʤ㡣ֻҪǻţл᲻𣿡ü˵
Ҳ֪Ŵ۵ܻӡڿȥŴۻǰųֻڌIһ֣ȫʧȥġ
ŴۣǲηԺڌIۣҲҪһս羰Դ˵սһǲսһŴۿŴ۵
ǶΪҾһ̰֮԰ɣŴתĿŴ˵ûΪŴ۵仰
˵öԣҾǸų򡣶ԣҾǸռϵĻ쵰ŴĿˮ֪ϴʱܻţ֮ءңȴվ֮⣬ȴ޷˫ȥ


3768 ڌI۽
ŴɳƵ˻
ʱ֮شڹر״̬Ѱʥʮ̶ռ䶼ܽ롣ǣŴǾά켫˰ʮһԪǿߣԸ⣬Ҳǿн֮صġ
ԼռŴۣʱ䣬һֱ֮
Ե˶Ŵۡ
뽴ۡŴǿŴ۴ʱģⶼЩζӳ¡ԭάΪϵĴڣһĽᣬһ޷ѵκ¡
ŴۡԳ
Ŵ۶㲢δ֡Ի˵ҽ֮ؼŴ۵ʱŴ۲ûսڌI¡룬Ŵ㣬ӦûᶣһЩʲôɡ
Ե仰Ŵ۵ĿָһЩɡ
ŴۣҪģǹͬԸڌIܹۡڌIۣάԪȫȥŴۣ˼һοɡ˵
ŴۿЦҡͷ
ô£
֮Ҫ𣿡
Ĺص˷ǳԵı仯ͻȻԾ
ѵ֮Ҫˣʱ䣬֮ؾ´οҪܳʱɣ
ԡĹص仯̫Ѹ٣ⲻ֮֮ǰס
СһЩ
ǵߣʼ䱸ܡϾڵά켫֮Щδ켫֮ĻԪۣһŸΣյĵط

ʱһİԵЦԶ˵ʴ
һЦĳ֣ԵȻԪۣתĿȥ
ֻ֮ϣһƬɫƲĶڿٿһֳصѹС
ʲô
һƣ棬ʲôžǶĴЦ
һ˿˵Ϣ
뽴۵ۣҲӦϢ۴඼ֶΣԺֶڴڵһ˽⡣֮ϣһźƽӽʱǶ֪
ԭЩǷϵŴۣĿⶢźƣ˫ճȭͷڵٷ
Դۣ˿ǺڌIۣǵСġͼվߣٺܿ˵
ţԵ˵ͷ
Ǿۼ˲ٵϡšԪнǿϣƺأȫɵҾͿȫˡһӺд˶ʡ
仰𽥵ȥһӰˣȫɫƣȻǴ֮ѳĺڌIۡ
ڌI˰άԪռ丰Ԫʧһʱ䡣ʱѾɵաʵҲѾָ˾ά켫Ρ
Ȼڻָά켫ʵҪɸࡣҪȫԪɡȫԪֻڌIһ˴ڡ
һΣûŴֹۣܹڌI۵ĽŲȫԪһ飬ڌI۵ʳ
Դۣô죿ͼۿʵ
ʱͼۣ鶼Ե쳣š
뽴ۡŴ۵Ȱά켫ڶά켫֮ĻԪۣһ鶼ޱءûˣʱ򣬻ֵܱȻ̬
ڌIħͷǰ¶棬»ָά켫֮ˣ뽴۵ͳ˵
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ڌIŴźڌIۣһȴд
ڌIŴ۵ĿŴۿȥڿŴۺıһ¡
㣡ƺʶ㣡ԣŵ¡ɱʱҲڳˡܵõǺܿ죬˽졣ڌIϳŴۣһΣɾܲˡ
ڌI̧ĿһȣѰټȴȻˣͱ뿪ˡ
ڌIĿֿ˵ľԡ
Եʱܵĺɫ͡
СӣڌI۶žԣ˵СӽоԶ԰ɣ˵һøл㡣㣬һѷǸĵطΪ˱ҶĸлҿԽһɡ
ڌIҲϳ˾ԣ֪ǽ֮ǸˡڌI۳֮صʱ֪һ֮صײŴһ𡣵ʱΪָʵûðյ֮صĵײ
ʲôŴǾԴ۴֮طųģ
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ڌI۵Ļܶ˶¶ɻɫԡ


3769 ս
ڌI۵ķ⿪ȷʵ뾰һĹϵ
ǾԽӽ˹餣ǺڌI۱㲻ƿ֮ӳǣûоԣʱƣڌIۻֻܹʱϵѣҲƳ̫ʱ䡣
֮ڣһֱŴ赲߽ӽ餡Ŵ;ƿ赲߽ӽ餣ڌIǱȻ飬ֻҪӽӽ餵ĻԪһѳ
ڴԪ߿ԵʱĹ
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صĽŲ˷
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ĹصĻԪߣ׷ƴɱһ̣ȷʵû·ֻѡƴ
άά켫֮ĴۣעⱣˡԵĹߵĶС
ԼҲȡ׽ȫתѹĹص嫵ԾΪģΧɢھԵѹ֮£ĹصԵƽ
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ԭվڵϵŴۣͻȻһǳһ㱬ҫĿĹԣڌI۳ȥ
ŴۣЩȵĿŴ۵Ӱ
û뵽Ŵۻһ˳ڌIۡϹʱڵһսŴӱģΪηڌIۡһΣŴ۳еĺڌIۡ
ԿŴۻеĶ̹ݺݵźڌIɨȥ
ŴڶʱڌI۵ӰӷҲŴ۸ǹȥŴϵĹԣ֮ЩӰӷѹŴ۵ҪŴ۵
ŴеĶ̹ڌI۱λȥڌIۣȴǹЦ˿ûܵӡ
ۣ̹ںڌI۵ϡ
ڌI۵ı壬̹һΪȻɲǣڌI۷Ϊֵı壬ָŴ۵ȫһúڌIһЩˡ
ɱɱɱŴ۲ϵĻӶж̹ԺڌI۹
ȻϵĹѽˡ棬ȫǺڌI۵ӰӷЩӰӷ͸壬
⣬ǺڌI۵Ŀֲܱ֮ɱŴۺôԪǿߣıڌIĴġڌIۿԺܿɱԪߣԪߵĹԺڌIȴûзǳвܹһЩҲͨٻָĵ
ŴۣԽкһȥԮŴۡ
ϣһ򱬿һƬռںڌI۵Ӱӷ𣬶ŴۺͺڌIۡ
뽴ۡͼ۵ˣƴԼǣǵĸоͺԼһƬɫĺ֮У½أ֪βܹϰиܵǣԼڱϵĥš
ԴۣϻţҲлżϣţսģսڌIңų򣡡Ŵ۵϶Ĵ
ŴۣҪţƴϿճȥ
ܵѹʵ̫ˣ֮Ӱӷ赲ĶĿţŴһƹҲ
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ģģĿз·ŷ棬ڵ򣬶Ҫȼ
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3770 ִ
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֮УɱֵľŸ֣ҲžĶǵĹâԪ΢ļӳ֮£һֻϹʱŴ۲ͷų
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ʱĹǷڵ֮ƽ˺ܶࡣ
ڻԪۣԸоܿռѹСࡣ
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ŴҲΪԴȡ˻ᣬþԴȫֵĻᡣţڌIΪŴۣӦǵ˴󲿷ֵԣԴ۲ʩչ⾪춯صһ
Ŵ۲ηڌIħͷŴ֪ڌIħͷʵҲ֪ԼڌIħͷԻ
ĹصĻԪǣһ߼ֵʴһܽո顣
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ڌI۵Ц
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Ҫɱң⻹ԶԶ̫̫ˣڌI۵Ӱ
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ҪɱڌIۣ
·Ͳɱ
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ѹ֣ŴȫԪǿΧɱڌIۣնûɱԷֻѡҪɱڌIۣȷʵǼܵ顣ڌI۵ĻԪȫͬѰĻɱʽԺڌI۵Ч΢΢Ҳ˵ԵȻԪ۵óһٷ֣ܶԺڌIЧֻһ֡
Ч̫ˣ
תĿһɵĻԪߣеı׽յøˡ
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ʮһźƳɵھԵֱϡ
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ıϣӰӷɳ˹Ŵ۱ЩӰӷɵ龰ԿúŴľά켫֮ǿߣûܳס̫ʱ䡣ԾԼǱЩӰӷʴҲԳסŴ۶ٵʱ䡣ԣЩӰӷԼϡ
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ֱϵĺִһƬâ⻷εĺâ׽ͷŵĽںϡ
ںֶʱ򣬾ԾͳԹúִ׽ϣͷųԼʱͳɹˡ
кִӳֵĽ⣬ǰһЩ仯ҫĿĽУɿʮһźɫĹ㡣
ţڌIȻҲܿͷһ㣬˺ִ
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ôǺֶĺ򣿲ܣԼֶҲܽеĺ򶼴ʹú򷢶ҵĹڌIԭſ֮ϣ¶˾֮ɫ
ǺڌIۣһ¶ֵı顣
һڿռ֣̼ܵǱһɶЩ·˿ǣۿɼٶڵԭΪڶɻɫգָ


3771 ֮
֮Уʮһź˸ǿҵĹΡЩΣھԵ֮£ĳź̬
Ĺصǻѩôͷųǽ

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ڣʮһźͬⶼٷŴǬǧػֵĽâΪ˰ʮһ֡ÿһֽ⣬һź
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ƥ϶ӿֺϢȫԪʷ϶ǰδС
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ֱǲܷ顣
ά켫֮ĻԪߣȷʵпֶܽģҲһŶѡԪ߽һźֶʵҲûʲôôԪ߸޷̽ڲ
ڌI۴ʱĺ֪
ǡ𣿡뽴۾ɴſеһſźɫԲ
һʮһšƺǺŴ˵ֶںǰʮһšŴһ˵
Դ۽ƳһͼŴ¶˼ı顣
ÿֲЩڽ֮УͷųҸоһƹζҡϻס˵Ҳǰά켫֮ĻԪۡ
ڌI¶ηı飬кܴв뽴ע⵽˺ڌI۵ı仯
ԣºԴۣԼı۱ڶΪһˡͼ۸
ΪԶúĹϵĹسɷѹȥԪߵѹٴԴ뽴۵˲оעԴڌI֮Ľ֡
лŵĻԪۣһ־ηžԴۡȻҲ켫֮ĻԪۣɴʱǻǾԼ·Ǿ֮ܡԴչֳֶΣԶԶܹˡ
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ÿ˶ܹЩɫĺˮڱЩҲֻܴڼ̵ʱͳʧɫˮŵİʮһ⣬ȴʼҫǿҵĹΡɫˮ޷ڽĹԡ
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ʮһ⣬ھԵĿ֮£ϲΪһ޴Ľ⡣ʮһźԾ˵ٶתšǰ̳ɫ֮С
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ٿڌIۣ¶Եƣ֮ɫתĺɫҲü޷ۿ
ԣһڌI۵ˡڌIʣµû٣Ҫ̲ĵھǰȻûвĻᡣ
ģڌI۵۾žԡ
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ԣ㾹ܽƳҺڌIۣǵ͹ˡڌIۿеͳ˵
죬ҺڌI۾սԺƣۣ㣡ڌIҪ˳սȦ뿪Ĺˣڵ״ҪҪָ
ڌIֱֳ߲׽ΪֹڌIѣȫ̿ڌI۵Ϣ
Ҫߣ˭ң㾰ԣҲУڌI۴Цһ
ۣ壬ͻȻʧΪĺɫӰӣܿռɴܡ
ǰͷɷ֮ͬǰͷɷٶ࣬ıԻԭĵطΣıʧˡ


3772 ڤַɳ
ڌIɺֶ壬ıԪǲͬġ
ڻԪڌIۿ˵ǽĴڡ壬̺ޱȿֲģǾά켫֮ĺڌIۣԪֶΣ޷ĥ
ǽƳһһҲڌI۶ԿԺڌI۵вϴ󣬶һ֮ںɱ֮£ڌIٶȺܿ졣
ڌI۳ֳܹɷɻԪ֮⣬һص㣬ٶȡΪ壬Կ⻯ΪҲ⻯ΪҪȫĥϼѡ˵㽫ڌI۽˾ųɾţֻҪôһ˿˿ѣͲ
ʱĺڌI۾ǽΪ㣬ҪѾԵĿƺ׷
׼ȫ̿ڌIۣ뿴ڌIзֺĹѳȥȻȫƵѶȱȾҪ󣬼ǿ壬Ҳ޷̫ʱסڌIе
ֻкͣתţͷųһĺڌI۲ȻҪʱ䲻١
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þڤֽڌIۣӦûвЧɣԵ˵
ڌIڶԪܷڌIۣڤ־кܴĹ͡ûڌI۵ӦڌI۶ġڌI۵ʵʵ̫ǿˣ졣
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ҽ֮ضΣδ˵ΪʲôɵԴУѵʶԴۣ
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ڳĺܶԪۣ뾰еľڤ֣ۡ
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뽴ۡͼۻһЩϹʱڹĸά켫֮ά켫֮Ĵۣڤ
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ڤд֮طɳԴСϣԴڌI۵𣿡
һĿ⣬ϾԴ۵ӰžԴֱֳ׽ֳ־ڤ֡


3773 նڌI
߶ڤʱԾڤ֮ϣһŻ˲䱬
ⱬĻ沢ɢһԲšת˲֮䣬㽫Ĺס
һ
ʱԲŷ֣ڤͷųĻܹڌI۵ɷסֻ棬ʥʮ̶ʥʮ̶ֻԻԪвʱھԿµĻ沢ĹصĻԪߡ
һڌI۵ɷҪ뿪ĹؾˡҲȫɷЩɷһʱҲ޷Ĺسȥ΢΢ɳһ
ֻҪ㹻ʱ䣬ԾܽڌI۵ɷȫǸʱ򣬺ڌIҲͽ׽ɱ
ɶ񣡿ɶ񣡡
ڌI۵ɷ£ָ䱾塣
ɷԿɱѾԵҲ޷ڤֵĻûа취ֻܽɷȾ£Ѱ취ѡ
ħͷıֳˡ
ڌIۼˣӲȥ
ԴܹɱڌIۣ
һҪɹɱ֮ǻԪͰȫˡԪߣҲܰȵȥ
ڌI۵Ϣȿʼʱ˺ܶࡣ
Դúһܹն𡣡
ԪߣжڴڌI۶ȫԪв̫ˣ̶ʱһάԪռ䡣
ڌIܲģԶźڌI۵ı塣
ԴۣڌIۿžԣ˵ʵǲǵˡ
ѵά켫֮˵ԪռûʲôôԪ𣬾ԴҲܵʲôӰ졣ο㻹˺򡣡
ԴۣʵңǵҲһЩ֮ġڌIٺܿ졣
ǻԪߡ㣬һħͷǣͬ۶źڌIۡ
ԣǻԪߣܹ⣬ɲӦͨԪܹġ̽򣬸ܽҺڌIڣԴ˺Զ׼ԴҺڌIĳϵġ
УԴۣԺֶطûв棿˰ʮһźӦǽֶ̽ˡãֶһĵط
ԴԺֶ˽»ǺܶࡣҺҿԽֶܸ㡣ڌI֮Уڴ
ԽղŹڌIҪڴˡ
ü
ںֶʱ򣬾ȷʵúֶЩ֡ʮһź򣬺ΪƳġֶµײĳӣǸƿԼɫɳһжеĺۼȻγɡ
ںڌI˵ֶԲ֪ܡ
˵ʵԵĺģԺֶȵи˽⡣
ڌIڸᡣ˵򵽵ԺδԿźڌIʵ
ڌIҡͷ¶թЦݣֻӦҺҲܸϢģǺ֮ҿԳŵȥݻȫԪ
Ȼ㲻Ը˵Ǿɣɫ΢΢һ䡣
ʢ˲ǿźͷŵܣźڌI۱帲˹ȥ

㡭㲻֪𣿡ڌIǰһ̻þѾˣһȴͻȻֶ֣ǳ⡣
ˣԶֶ֪֪γɵԭ򡣡ڌIۼ
ɷٴδıϷֳҪסͷŵĽ⡣Ȼ۷״̬¶ס̺Ǭǧػ˵ʱѾ״̬ǳˮɷ𽥱һɶ
ǬǧػĽ⣬ӹڌI۵ı塣ڌIĲҽ𽥹ƽ
ʱĹʣҲûɢ֮ڡ
ʱ֮Ĺػָʡ
ڌI𣿡
ڌIۣƺѾԴնɱ
һΣӦǳ˰ɣ
ղţĺܽšڌI˵Ǻֶģ浣ľԴۻΪ֪ŹڌIۡǲ׽ڌIۣԺ¾ͺĻˡ
ԴȻһģûиڌIۻᡣ
Ԫǣɫ죬˶ĺһһսȻҪǾԴһڌI۾սЩԪߣҲᵽ˾Ķǡ˵ǾҲֻôһ֮ң
ȻĹصĻԪۣҲ˺ܶࡣʵһЩĻԪۣٱ֮һҡ


3774 
ڌIǱն𣬵˴ĹأԪһʧҲ٣άά켫֮ĻԪ۶ɡ
ѰĻԪߣȷʵԳܺڌI۵ɡûоڴĹصĻԪ߸ͲܵסڌIۣǻȫû
ϹʱŴֻ֮İά켫Ԫۺ;λԲԪۣҲΪЩ֮Ԫ޷ԺڌIκ˺
ڿеľԣĿ⿴ĹеĻԪߡ
󣬾ͷĹϸܵŲ飬Źκο֮ȷڌIûɷڣջͺ
Ĺأѻָ̬ĵĹĺԭī֭ĺˮɫҲõࡣ
ԴۣڌIӦñ׽˰ɣ뽴ߣѯʵ
Ե˵ͷһΣڌI۳ˡԺԪٵԺڌI۵в
뽴ۼ˵лԴۣǾԴۣǽȫڴˣ
лԴ۵Ķ£
Դ۶ȫԪе飬֮
ĹУԱԼԾԵĸм֮顣
԰˰˵ڌIۣȫԪħͷлԪ߹ͬĵˡΪԪһӣԿ
ˣԴ۶ʼž֮ǣǡ뽴۵˵
뽴ۡλۣӦñлĲֻңŴǡŴ۵ŻԪǿ߷˺ڌIۣǻԪˡԻ˵
ԣ
ҲӦмŴۺ͵ĻԪǿߣΪԪսֻΪԪڌIɡ
ŴĻ𣿡
ţŴ۵ı۱ڤִ֮طɳ
˷׷˵
ңٽ֮ؿԿ֮ϵ֮š
ڤִ֮ŷɳ֮űһֱڲδʧʱ
ԴۣҲȥŴæԾ˵
ԡԶŴ۵ͷӦ
֮ŵʱ򣬲δʲôƺʱκ˶ܹ֮ءԺŴ۵˵֮ڲԵĿܣǰȥĵطڡ
Ŵۣ档ǣȥԶŴ۵ָһǰİ
һν뾰֮صʱ򣬾ڤִڰмλãŴزڌIۣھڤڡ
ܿ죬˱㵽˰ĵײ
ϣŴѾڵײһӰ̲סһ
ŴۣҲһֻǾԵһģȴǿٳȥΪûдһӰϸܵ
ԺŴ۵˵Ŵ۵Ľ
Ŵۡˡҡҡͷ̽һ˵
Ѿ̽Ŵ۵ϣȷʵûκ
ϣŴۿ˳Ŵ۵ǰǡˣ
Ŵ۸ոɣҸ֪ɢ˵ڤ֣Ŵۺľͳ֮صġŴۣڤ͵ҵУҽڌIۡ
ԿŴ۵壬гŴ۵ľ֮顣
Ŵ۹
ŴۣŴۡų򣡷ţڌIƴɱںڌIСţǰҲˡԵŴ۵˵
֮شһЩʱ󣬾ԺŴ۵뿪֮صʱ򣬾֮Ƭ֮Уһϡ
ϣ֮Ŵ۵ĳ֮أκ˵ĴšŴۣҲͬˡ
ԴۣŴ뽴۵˿ԺŴ۵ŻԪ߳ǰʵ
ŴѾڡκˣԺ󶼲ҪŴˡԳ˵ȴĻԪ
֮ڻвٵ䱦ԴѲҪ
ǣǣپŴۡڻԪӦ
Եͷ˵ˣλۡѣԻȥɣʱ䣬ΪڌIħͷĳֻԪȷʵƽλȥ֮󣬾־棬øԪȵȻָת
ԪǣԴ۵½뿪ĹءԪռߣԼĻԪǵߣظԵǵ
̫ʷĿ⿴Լǵ̫ʷ۵ˡ
̫ʷ۵˿ߡ
̫ʷ۵ȼˣ֮ǰĽսбصıǵǶûбڌI۵ɷɡ


3775 ȳ¹
̫ʷ۵վھǰ
ʱ˿̣ǵЩգЩ޴롣ǲ֪̬Եԡ
̫ʷ۵˾ִٵģЦЦ˵ǰκεĲǰԺҲ˵Ƕҵˡ
һЩԴϣ̫ܶʷЩԴ䡣Եݸ̫ʷһöռ䱦˵
л̫ʷ۽ӹռ䱦æл
лˡˣҲ̫ʷԵл
ˣȻȥɣʲôҪңǰԻԪԶ˵
̫ʷ۵ԸǺ뿪Ĺء
ԴۡڌIѱԪȫˡ̫ʷ۵ߺ󣬰ͼһ˾ǰ˵
ǰԺʱͼͿ԰УάˡЦ
ͼ۰˵˳ȻɣܵάãܵĻҲǿ󡣡
һ£ͼۼ˵Դۣкδ㣿
šȥ¹ϴ۴¹ϴۻţܺáԵ
¹ϴۻصԪռ䣬أͼʵ
¹ϴ۵ĻԪռ䣬¹ϴۼԪ֮ɡЦ
ǾԴأͼü˫üչЦ˵ҲǣһԪռ䣬˵ʵҲ㲻ʲô
ˣˡͼۻ£˲ƶȥ
Ĺأÿյвǵ߲δ뿪ĹƬвٱڣֵ̽Ѱ
Իѱ֮ţפ˺һᡣ
֪ʱԵӰƾʧĹء
ݼеǱ꣬ҵһռ䣬Ŵ۽¹ϴסĵط
ռŴ۲õĽѲסԡƿֱ뵽ռ֮ڡ
ڲ󣬾һ۾Ϳ¹ϴۡ
¹ϴѱܳܳʱ䣬Ȼû뵽ͻȻǰͻȻԵʱ¹ϴ۵Ȼһ¡
¹ϴ۵Ȼʶԣδԡ
¹ϴۣԿ¹ϴۣЦʵ
ʵڻԪռʱ򣬾¹ϴ۵Ӱʶ¹ϴۡ
ǣ¹ϴ۲žԡ
Ŵ۹޷뿪УŴҲδռ䡣Եĳ֣¹ϴʶΪǷģŴ۵Ȼ־þԵ׺İӡ֮УȫԪĸά켫֮Уʱˡ
ֽоԡ
ҡʶ޲T΢Ц˵
㡭ʶ޲T޲T֣¹ϴЩݡ
ԣʶ޲TΪ¹ϴѾ䣬ҪҷΪ㱨ء뵽Լ޲TĶԻ̲סЦһ
𣿡¹ϴۿЦ˵ҺһţֵܿɾҪԿͷˡˣȫԪûܹΪұ𡣡
¹ϴ۵˼ǣȫԪˣɱŴۡ
˾ֵܣôռģ¹ϴ̧Ŀžʵ
ռŴֿٲģά켫ǿ߹Ŀռ䣬Ӧòκ߿ҵ˵Ǵˡ
Ŵ۸ҿռǱ꣬ҰͼҵȻͽˡЦЦ˵
ʲô
֪Ŵۣ
⡭ôܣŴὫռǱ㣿ϣκ֪šֵܣ֪Ŵ۵Ϲʱڵľά켫Բ֮ǿߡ¹ϴٺܿ˵
ϹʱڵһսŴԺڌIˣһֱȷʵϣκ֪šŴ֮Խ¹ϴҲΪɼϳԻ˵ڣ¹ϴ뿪ˡ
Ŵ뿪𣿡¹ϴЩš
ţ뿪ǱأңŴѾɣںڌI֮֡̾һ
ֵܣ˵ʲô㲻Ҳ֪ˣŴ۵ս¹ϴü
˵ǡ֮ǰ顣¹ϴۣǻȳȥصĻԪռ˵ɣһʱ䣬Ƿ˲ٵ顣һʱҲû¹ϴ۽ǻػԪռ䣬޲T˶¹ϴ۽Ͱɡ
ɻ¹ϴ۸ž뿪ŴۿٵĿռ䣬ԻԪҲԭ¹ϻԪȥ
ԻԪԪͨڵ㡣
¹ϴۣӻԪͨɳ
ڵ㸽ʿԺ¹ϴ˵Ӱͬʱֺһȫסˡ


3776 Ů
ЩפڻԪͨڵʿԭ¹ϻԪߣȻʶ¹ϴۡ
¹ϴۣ
Դߵ¹ϴۣ
¹ϴۡţ
ǣΪ¹ϴˡʱ¹ϴۻų֣ܾ
Ȼ¹ϴȻʧٺܳܳʱ䣬Щԭ¹ϻԪߣ¹ϴ۵ļ䶼δģϾ¹ϴƿ¹ϻԪʱá
˶ӭԴۺ¹ϴۣ񡣾Ժ¹ϴˣҲʿͷʾ⡣
Ժ¹ϴʥʱ޲TȻԪռһȺҪԱѵȺڴˣǸոյõ˴źϢ֪˺ڌIħͷѾԴնɱ֪¹ϴۿܻš
¹ϴۡ
Դ۽¹ϴ۾Ȼˡ
¹ϴۣҲ
ڳУвԭ¹ϴ۵£޲TˡʱЩ˾ЩΡΪǰΪ¹ϴѾɣΪµĻԪ֮¹ϴۻǸγƺ¹ϴۣ
Ƚʥ˵Զ˵
߸žԺ¹ϴ۽ʥ½
λԻˣֿ˿¹ϴۡ
֮ǰǶʶ¹ϴѾɣʵǣ¹ϴһֱš¹ϴֻǱŴһСռ֮С¹ϴصԪռ䡣Ի˵
Ȼ¹ϴѾˣԭԪռĻԪ֮Ժ¹ϴƿԪ˵
¹ϴæҡͷ˵ԴۣȣҼţҲԶ޷ܹصԪռ䣬ǼˡԣԪռ䣬ӦɾԴƿءңɾά켫Բ֮ǿ߾ԴƿػԪԪռҲо޴ĺô
޲TˣĬԡһˣҲ֪˵ʲô
Ц˵¹ϴۣɲжΰ
ĪǣֲԪռ䣿ҲԣԼһ߽ӹܡ΢Ц̬ȼ
ڵľԣȷʵһԪռˡ뽻ԪŻԪȵǿʢĻԪռ䣬Ծ˵Ҳû̫⡣
Ԫ֮ǲˡҩݣһšҩµܹҩڵٽ֮λԿ˵
¹ϴۼ̬ȼǿףҲûƾܣֻ޲Tˣ֣صĸлԴ۶¹ϻԪ顣
ھʥһûн佻¹ϴۡһھ¹ϻԪ֮ŽģԴá
Եˣ߷ѩϾˣҲסھʥ֮СϾڸ߷ѩŮ֮˽¹ϻԪġ
ھʥһЩʱ䣬¹ϴ۵Ը뿪¹ϴ뿪ԪռѾܾãҪ½ִٵĹ
¹ϴ۵뿪󣬾ʥڣֻʣ¾Լ׾졣
¹ϻԪСϰ߰ɣԱºͣŮʵ
ͦõġѩ˵
Ҳúܺã¹ϻԪлãҲû˴ǡ߷˵
ڵĵطõĵطϾ˵
Щʱ䣬ȷʵˡΪУǺۡںˡһ;ϣǴﵽ塣룬кܶܶʱһ𡣡һ˵
Ůʶ󣬻еʱ䶼Ǵڷ״̬
ֻ߷һ˾й񡣰ѩϾŮԴҲκԹԡʵϾ뾰֮䶼û֮ס
ŮԾ˵Ҳ⣬ǵˣȫԪʱ;ϣԪܿܿ
Ů֮УϾѩʶߣȫԪҲǶΡֻҪ㹻Դû԰켫֮Ҳֻʱ⡣߷ҪһЩҲֻ԰ѩϾšоԵİ߷켫֮Ҳʲô̫ѵ飬ʵڲоԻѰ켫߷ʹá
ŮһЩǰ˵СŮĿǰǴ۲ΣҲԪߣҪںϸ౾ԴոԪںϱԴ棬ԵȫԪһΪȫİʮһԪ򡣾Ůǻࡣ
֮⣬Իδ׼˸ҪԴ˵ͼŷǲȱ٣ԴԻΪ׼˲ʥܹʹõԴ
Ի׼ʥһ󷨣ۼ͵֮Ծϵ裬óһеĳҲò̫ʱ䣬ҲѼҪ໨һЩʱ䡣


3777 Ԫ½
ڌI۱Դն֮ȫԪӭԵƽ
Ԫռ䣬𽥻ָ졣
ȻڶԪռڲԪռԪռǲֹΪԴ˵޴ߡƽԶܳ֡ûľһ;Ҳֹǰɣ
սΪȫԪΨһľά켫Բ֮ԪֹۣʡǣмаڻԪ֣ǾԻ᲻ϧԳ֣ҲὫĶ
ǧ߰ʱ䣬¹ϻԪʥóһ͵֮ĳ󡣾ԣԼϵ׽˺Ѿסھʥ

Ԫ½
һգԪ½Ƭ½ĳصϿգǿռϣһɫĿռѷϢ֡һѷڳֺ󣬺֮ܿһɫ۵Ӱӿռ뵽Ƭ½ռ䡣
ˣǾԡ
û̽Ԫ½֮Ŀ⻷ܡԼ·һƬɽ֡
뿪Ԫ½⡭ҵڶλ΢΢
ȫԪԪ½еһˮɳĮеһɳ㲻ϡȻƬ½ǾԳ֮أǾļ硣Ǵһǿյά켫֮
ٳǡ
ҾңǴССĳ߳ȥġ񣬶ٳӦƬ½ĳ˰ɣĿԶ
䣬̤档
ܣȷʵһƬɽ֣޵Ϣ
һϤ
һԪ½ʱӦطɣ˵ͷ
ţ˹΢΢һǰ֡
ԸоϢӽҲһˡ
ȻƬʱ˴ǰ֣뾰ԵߡԪ½ϵͨ޵ߣԺŮԡһ֧СӣƬ֣ӦΪɱ޻߻ȡ޵Դ
˼Ժ϶¶Ծı飬Ȼû뵽طͻȻһࡣΪλãѾƬɭڱȽΣյĵطпµʱûңˣòΪᣬǼ˻ҪӡҪǣһ˶һ֧Сӡ
ڴ֮¶һ䱸̬ƬɭԣҪСĵĲޣҪСеߡ
λСѣʲôطЦˣʵ
Ե⣬һ䡣ˣѵɵӣԼȴʲôط֪𣿻УǳᣬȴԲѵĳƺΪСѣ
ǹ𣿵»ɭ֣ȴʲôطһŮߣžü˵
»ɭ֡
»ɭ֣
΢΢Ȼ
ڶٳǵʱû»ɭ֡
»ɭ֣һѩҲ»ɭ֣ѩ͸һŵŵ˾
ͷת̲סЦ
һЦ˿񣬾͸ǿһɵˡ
𣡡
ʱһ޵Դƺ˵غܽСӵˣ̱¶ҵɫǴУжϳһޡ
ãǺͫһ˵
ߣ
̳룬ǺͫǲǼܶԸġҪ롣
λѣ뿪кͫǣǷǳµޡ뾰˵ŮѾԿܡ
Ȼ޺ͫѾںܽĵطʱߡȻܡСӵ˸ոն׼룬ͫǽ׳ѳ֡
ͫȫë۾졣ǳӴ󣬵Ԫ½͵֮һѶԸ
ˣ
ΡҲ̫ˡյ»ɭΪµĺͫ
ģһɱҵ롣ӵ㼸
ֳԼ׼ͫɱ֪ԼĶ鲻ɱͫ޷ս
ѣôվﲻ㲻֪»ɭ֣Ҳ֪Ǻͫ𣿡һߴԺ
ЦЦ˵ͷϻŻͦɰġ
仰ͷһ𡣷ǻֻǻɾһɵӣʱѾȷԾһɵӡкܶݹͫû˶Ժͫǿɰ
𣡡ͫٴƺ׼ˡ
źͫ߹ȥվСӵĺ󷽣ŽƶСӵǰͫ


3778 ʱǨ
Сӵˣžƹֱͫ档
ͫʵȽϵ͵ޣǶΪҪɺͫԪ½Ϊµ֮һҪɱͫǵнӽʵ
Ԫ½޵ߵľȼ֣뵱Ԫ½ʱơ
ǲӦóž˺ͫĿߣ
գǲδûߡǲºͫǾΪЩӡܾǲǷӣҲȫԼ¡
ʱ򣬾ͻȻתĿŮߡ
ʲô֣ߡ
Ů߿΢ЦԼѯԼ֣һ¡
ʶĻشҵֽ
Զ˵ͷֿͫͫһ˫ɺ۾žԣҪߣԾԵʱıܸӦ˵ء
С߹һЩº͵Ժͫ˵
ͬʱһų
ԶԺͫ˵ȫµˡǡкͫߵýһЩȲ˵ͫΣԣͫޣĻ
һ̣ǾͿ˲˼һĻ
պյĺͫСèһ˹ȥƶĹУҡԴ˦β͡
⵽ĺͫһ԰Ȯ
ͫ˾ԵĽǰһ˫۾žԣް⡣
С¿ֳ˵
ͫһƨ
ܺãͷСӦǡ΢΢ͷ
֣ںͫԴģһµӿͫԴͫһ˫ɫ۾ɫǱ峺ࡣʱȥмֿɰ
ͫѲǡ
Ԫ½ȷʵһЩǲһǵġȻͫΪ͵֮һû̫ߵǡ
СһðߡԶԺָָͫŮߡ
Ժ͸ΣţɣԼ˵
ɶһ߾һ
øΪ𾪵ǣͫȻԹԵĵ˵Դ
ͫǵ˵Դ˵ˡ
ͫԾ˵
ܺãԺ͹ԹĻٴĺͫԴһӿͫڡ
һúͫʵֱһΡǣټʵԪ½ϣӦܹɱͷͫˡ֮ٶȽ졣
Слǰ֮ͫѧģԹ˹צӡ
֮ߣ˵Сˡ
ס۾źͫһƬհס
λСѣǺܺáǣŬаɣԵڽǻл档ԶЦ˵
仰˵֮󣬾ԵӰʧðǰ
ð²鿴ǺͫһΪžǻþ
λĴ𣿡һð˵
ʲôˣ𣿡
տʼʱһΪһӡ
̫ˣƺʱ䣬úͫ˺ܸߵǡ
˵Ŀֿͫ
λѽͫ͸ˡ㡭ܿͻȻǰɣһ˻ǽе˵
СṥǣСһֱˡͫ˵
ٴȻղѾ˺ͫ˵һӻǺӦ
Сղλǰ֪ʲô𣿡С
С֪ǰݣֻ֪ǰһλǳǳǳǳǿߡС˵
ѵλǰ𣿡һðԥŵ
СҲл½֮ȷʵǿλǰǿܶܶܶࡣСҡҡԴ˵

ٳǣ
Ԫ½ΪӴҲΪǿĳУѾ½ĺ֮ء
½ϵߣ޲ܹ붫ٳΪ١ȻֻЩΪߣлԽС
ں֮ǰԵһλԪ½ʱǨһΡǵ죬һһӪС
Եһϵͽ
ʱ⾳Ǩ׺ɣеֻǶٳǣȻ˷ˡվڶٳǾ޴ĳ֮£̧Ŀǰ
פãЦһȥҪС
Ҫó֤Ҫ붫ٳǵ޵ֻ̫֤࣬޵ߣŻᱻС
Դۣû֤ġ
λ޵ߣûжٳƾ֤ǡܾԴ۽붫ٳǡ


3779 
ǲΪѣЦŵ˵ͷת뿪
ûоãղǸ˵ò뾰е񣿡һٳǾʱߵǰ˵
һ˵һ㶡΢һԱȣǷ֣ղת뿪ˣò뾰Ҿһ
ٳڣһӴĵΪ澰ԡʵԪ½вٵطоԵĵ
ȷʵ񡣡˵ͷ
ߵ̫죬һʶһϧû׷ǶٳǾҡҡͷЩϧ˵
ȻǾøղ޵뾰񣬵ȻûΪ˾Ǿ澰ԡ
ûн붫ٳǡ
Ķٳǣ뿪ʱѾˡʹУҲʲôϤ龰ڳϿգ϶¿һ󣬱Ϣ뿪
Ԫ½ȥ˼ط統ĵһѧԺѧԺйһʱ䡣ֻǣڵһѧԺѲˣڵһѧԺľַϣһ̻ܲ
Իȥ˵Ԩ˵һֱھԵļԨʱ򣬹һĻĻ龰Ժнĸ֡
ȻˣԨѲǵǰҡ˵ԨЩƶ񤣬Ҳв޵ѡط
Ԫ½죬ƿ½ݽգ뿪Ƭ½

ԼǵãԪ½󣬱е򣬳Ϊһε޵ߡ
񹬣վ֮ǰ
꾰ԸոշʱĴ֮һ񹬵ĹФӢĵӡԣõĴУФӢǾԵʦ֡
ФӢòȵȣھԺ
Ҳ֪ФӢʦˡԿǰ񹬡
Խ񹬣ڴδܵ񹬣Ȼûƺκ޵߶ܹС
ڲռ䣬ԻǰУһ·񹬵޵ߡЩ޵߼ɫ۵ľԣתĿΪԵ·û񹬵ı־ҲǴƬ̣û̫ĹעƽʱҲһЩⲿ߽񹬡
ڲ뵱ȣҲвٵı仯Ժеļ䣬ԵҲû·ҵ˹סĹ
ڽӽʱ򣬾Ա
ʣФӢ𣿡סԼȥ·޵ʵ
Ҳ֪ФӢǷ񻹻šϾԼѾܾúܾûмФӢˡФӢľ磬ǻôʱģФӢľܹ
񹬵Ĺκεˣü˵
κεظһ顣
ѾµĹФӢѲˡ
ںܾǰ񹬵ĹФӢФӢʶԴ˴Ȼ񹬵ĹѾФӢҾ͸ˡԻ˵
㡣˿ĵͷ
ʱһӰӹڷɳǰ뾰
ˣʿӹڳ˼
˾κεˡ
ʶФӢκεžԣڹڣ˾ԵĻ
ţʶФӢκεͷ˵
ѿᣬᡭʶϹأκεƺЩŵӡ
ФӢ֮ҲѾܶ๬ˡ񹬣Ҳûж֪񹬵ʷһλΰĹФӢκει֪ʷϳֹй
ҿᣬʵѾܴˡκεФӢɻ𣿡ЦЦ˵
ϹѺܾûлˡǰϹʱÿһʱ仹һΡģĴԽԽ١һΣгʱ䲻룬ФϹȻǻŵġκεԾ˵
ԭԻȻ
󣬾ת˵УǷʲô鷳أ
Ե˼ǣ鷳˳ְ񹬽
лѺ⣬񹬺ܺãûʲôѡΪǿʢҲûʲô˸񹬵鷳κεԾԵ
̬ЩžԻФӢϹˡ
ǾͺãǾͺá΢Ц
˵仰󣬾Ӱһʧκεʿǰ
κεʿɫȻһ䡣ǣȻ֪뿪ģûи֪ռ֮зֺĵ򲨶
᣿κε¶ı顣
뿪񹬣񹬵󷨶ûκα仯̫ˣ


3780 Ӱ¶
ФӢδ֪
뿪񹬺󣬲δѰФӢʵԾԵרȥѰФӢֻҪФӢţǼ뿪򣬾ҲܹҵջǷͷ˴񹬣ȷʵ뿴һˣȻ˲񹬣Ǳ˰ɡ
ФӢĻţԺܻлټ档
֮󣬾Գ򣬳棬ա
ڻգȥ˺칬
칬ɺԵʱ칬Բδ棬칬֮ǰ䡣
칬ŮƿأΪ칬һιٺԵһλػյʱ򣬽Ů칬ĹŮ
ŮŮá
ŮﻹŮԾԵİǳࡣŮ壬Ů˵ûŮûоǸ壬ҲͲᵮԡ
ĺ칬Ȼ֮ǿˡܹ칬ȵ޽ɽˮ񹬵ȵȣѱ칬ԶԶ˦˺档
Ե칬Ů칬ڡ
ŮǰԪ֮Ҳ̽ŮϣŮǰ򣬵Ů濼ǹ󣬾һȡһȣ¹ȥ
ŮǶ޵ߣɵֻۣһ֮ңǰò˶ʱ䣬ͿԳΪһɵ۾ߡ
ԣŮԣЩ⡣
ԪռϢվǱһЩǴﵽ𾳽磬ҪǰһҲҪ졣ǿԼһˣ˳ִԣŮﲢ֪̫ھԵϢ
ŮԶŮ΢Ц
ԣôˣŮΪһֱ
㡣Ц˵ҿ칬УҲûʲôвˡŮ㲻ǰɣ
ǰ򣿡ŮĿ⿴˵ţʱȥһΪˡ
ҴһЩ󣬱ǰŮҲʱ䣬칬鴦һ£ѡµĹ
УԺҾʹȥٿһλ顣Ůͷ
Ůһ뿪칬ǰλڻյһ硣
磬׽硣
磬ɻʼڻ磬ܻĹӰ졣ԣ׽磬׽ʶһЩˡ
׽Ӱϲ䣬뾰Խࡣ
ļǵãӰϲһӰ¶Ůӡ
Ҳ֪Ӱ¶ˡԽ׽ʱԺͷ
޵ߣѽ׽硣׽ˣҲ޷Ȼھ˵һ⡣
׽ҵӰϲ䣬ɳһҵӰϲ֮ǰԻӰϲѾˡ
ֹôӰϲߣɱ⣡ԸոսӽӰϲ䣬㱻һֹ
ֹԵģӰϲӡǱأеǰȥֻҪԼǰУǾͻԥĶԾԳ֡
ǡʲô𣿡üа
ӰϲӵķӦЩҲ֪׽磬֮ǳңʱӰϲԱķӦЩ̫
Ӱϲ䣿Կʵ
ûӰϲ䣬ʲôˣһ䣿֮УΪ׵һ˿žʵ
ӰϲѡһλˣֽӰ¶֪Ӱ¶ǷӰϲڣʵ
仰ӰϲԱʱɫһ䣬໥һۣɻĿԡ
˼ǣǵʶӰϲΪ̧üЩŵ
죿Ӱ¶Ӱϲʶʱݡ˵
ԼǵãӰ¶Ӱϲ֮Ů
㵽ʲôˣӰ¶죬ܾúܾǰӰϲ㾹˵ʶʱ컹ǲ졣ԣ˵ѣΪ׵ˣȵ
硭ͨһ£˵˾ԵΣӰ¶ǵңȻҡ΢Ц˵
Ϊ֮˳Ƭֺ̣ݺݵ˾һ˵ȵȥͨ졣ԲʵݹǶ֡
Ա˫ֵԭء
Ӱ¶ܻţҳӰϲ졣΢΢۾
ʲô˵һԳƾԵҪңӰϲУһɫŮӣʿȻվ


3781 
Ӱ¶ֵʱһ
ѹ£Ӱ¶ǵþԣԵòԺ
ಣӰ¶Ӱһ˷䡣
֮⡣
ܾң˾Ҫˣ˲Ҫˡ
Ƭ̺Ӱ¶˾ԡ
ԡ磿Ӱ¶һվŵˣеˡ
Ӱ¶΢ЦӰ¶
꾰Խ׽磬Ӱ¶ʱӰ¶һСӰ¶Ȼɶ˼µĺۼȻһ۾ϳǰˣǵСӰ¶
Ӱ¶žԣ־Եò뵱뿪׽ʱһûзֺı仯
ӰϲԱһĻ鶼Щ͡Ӱϲ죬ȻʶˣжԷԸ磿
Ը磬ܾúܾûмˡǿҵ𣿡Ӱ¶ߵǰ̧Ŀžʵ
ţרġЦŵͷ
ԵĻӰ¶ܸˣȴ̲סۿڴתԼסѾǲ죬ò˿һ棬ڽŵľơ
Ӱ¶콫벿䣬ԼΪľ뾰Խһ飬ʾЩľԸӰ¶Լȥĵط
Ӱ¶һֱ׽֮У˽٣֮ǰδ˵ᵽĵط
Ӱ¶Ҵ˴ӰϲƺЩԡѵĲʲô鷳𣿡Ӱ¶
Ӱ¶ͻȻһ䡣
վضԾ˵Ը磬뿪
ţΪʲôü
ȻûӰϲɴʱӰ¶ȴڸ뿪
Ը磬ҲϣܶӰϲһЩʱ䡣ǡǡӰ¶
ңô¡Ե͸һɰԵζ
ǣӰ¶ȴһůѾ˺ܾúܾãͷϵѹЩ޷Ϣ
Ӱϲ䣬һǿĲ䡣ǿĲ䣬ԵֿԸҲΣաӰ¶˵
һ䣿ʵ
ɽ䡣Ӱ¶˵
ɽ䣿΢΢ü䣬ѵ뿪׽֮ųֵģ
Բǵã׽֮һɽ䡣
ǵģɽʷȻӰϲƾáǣúܿ죬׽磬ǿĲˡ׽Ĳ䣬ɽǲӣҪɽŭǻԷ
Ը磬Ӱϲ䣬ɽ伴ĿꡣǡӰ¶ҧűݡ
ѹҼӰϲ䣬һٴеģԵ˵ͷתʵɽʲôˣ
ɽ죬Ǵ֮ˡ֣кںӡӰ¶˵˵ںֵʱܴ
ںӣüëһ̧
֣İӰ¶˵֣Ժһˡֻǣ֪ɽ죬ǲǾʶǸں
ںһڤվߣҲֻǣǷǸں磬ֽ׽磿
ҡҡͷжߡ˵ں֣ǺܾܿǺںǻ׽硣
ţ־ͽкںӡ׽һ˾һĲ䣬Լɽ䡣׽磬ûĶ֣ûܹսʤӰ¶ͷ˵
Ը磬㻹뿪ɣɽһὫҲӰϲˡӰ¶˵
ЦŰ˵޷ģڣӰϲ䲻¡Ӱ¶ɽΪҪӰϲ䣿
ΪûɽںҪӰϲ佻һǧ˸Ҿܾˡҵľܾŭ˺ں졣Ӱ¶˵
ɽΪʲôҪӰϲ佻˸ǣü
ںˣҪ׽֮еĲ䣬ϵ˵ɽʳáԸ磬ʵʵӰϲѾΣΪ˲ĴҲôΣںҪӰϲṩһǧӣճĺӡҡܽܡղ䱻ݻ٣ҲܴӦҪ󡣡Ӱ¶ѹֵ˵
óӰ¶˵Щʱкʹࡣ
Ӱ¶ЩԭƽҲǶһŭ⣬ǰɽĺں죬˵а񣿳ˣһҪԸոճӤ
аĶԾŹڻԪռʱԾͶγһЩΪаߡЩ¾Կһֻ۱һֻۣЩ¾Ծ̡


3782 ּں
㲻ΪӰϲ䣬ҲҪ׽ںŶ
Ӱ¶ɽĺںӣһֽ䴦ԶӰ¶˵
Ը磬ںʵǳǿҴδôǿˣ֪жǿ׽Ĳ䶼ηӰϲҲҲİ֡Ӱ¶˵
޷ģҪ֡԰˰ֵ
ɽʲôλãӰ¶ѲɽӰϲ䣬ǰɽ䡣
ɽӰϲ䲢ԶֻҪʱ䡣Ӱ¶˵ںʱܴӰϲ䣬ŹǵģΪ׽ҲȻӰϲ֡
죡
ʱһӰϲĳԱ˽
ոյõϢںѾɽĶɽӰϲӰϲĳԱصӰ¶
ںѾˡ
ȻںȻҪԳӰ¶̾һϵıȴǽ
ȥøս׼ΣǶ־ܡӰ¶
ǣ졣Ӧ߳䡣
Ը硭Ӱ¶ֿԡ
ֱ˵ȻǸںѾӰϲ䣬ұӰϲŰɣӰ¶ʱִܵӰϲ䣿
ţұȻִܹӰϲ䡣Ӱ¶˵ͷ
Ӱ¶Ҳ֪ڵΪﵽĲΣΪӰϲǣԣȫûбܿɽ˼
Ӱ¶ֻ˵Ը磬ɽĶ鵽ӰϲɱǾ̫ãһҪ뿪
εЦһ˵ã֪ô
һ£ֶӰ¶˵Ӱ¶ҽ׽㣬һΪ㣬֪Ƿ뿪׽磬ȥΪ硣
Ը磬ӰϲΣڵϦҲʱ뿪ġӰ¶ΪҪӰϲ䣬뿪׽硣
Ǿ͵Ƚں˵ɡû͡

ӰϲʱɽĶȻִӰϲ֮⡣ӰϲԱҲ׼ʱɽ˽ս
ԺӰ¶߳š
ʱܹӭжһ֧顣Աֻ࣬ٶ˵ӡΪ׵һˣɫۣ߸Ӱϲ䡣
Ŀ΢΢һĿбŷһ⣬¶һĨ΢Ц
ںӣ
˾Ƿ뾰ԴսĺںʱںȻֻǵڤվߣںһĺںӣǿȳ󣬾ɵ۲εҪɱһѶȡ
ͻƵڤվ֮ں֣˴ˣȴûܽ˵ɱںܸԺߣӴ˱ûѶ
Իû뵽ںӵԼĻ磬׽׽һ˴ħͷ
Ը磬ɫ·ģǺں졣Ӱ¶վھߣźں죬Ծ˵
аǿޱȵĺں죬Ӱ¶ЩңܽұֳӰϲ죬¶η֮飬Ӱϲʿʧȥ
ţ֪ʶЦЦ˵
ںԭ۾޼ɵӰϲ䣬ӰϲǺܼ򵥵顣ĿӾɨʱı˱仯ѾӹĿ⣬ٴھԵϡ
ںȻǾԣԸµӡ̫ˡһսܵüʱܻھԵС֮󣬱һҪԡɱ˾ԣʹԵĻɱɱһɵۣȻǿǴ򵽻磬ǳôһ
ںʱֱӵ׽硣ʵȻǿǿƿ׽ȥģ׽һʱ䣬СҲٺͽɽ䣬׽䣬ǿҪ䶨ڸṩʳʳ׽ˡͨʳ׽ˣ
Ը磬ʶں죿ʶ𣿡Ӱ¶ԵĻЩ⣬ҲܹͨںǴ׽ģҲߡ
ԣʶǳءͷЦһ˵
ԣں¶ŭɫһ
˼ۺ죡
ںԵ˼һֱûϨ𣬴ʱԣеķŭʱӿȼ¹ȥںʵ˷ǳ޴׽֮УĽٶȼΪˡ
ںãԼڵʵԪɵ۽һսȻûͻƵɵ۾硣


3783 տ
ٴԾԣںȻżǿš
㾰ѾͻƵɵ۾磬Ҳ뾰һսңͻƵɵ۾ѣڤվ۷ߺࣿճɾɵ۵ж٣
ûǾԡ
ںӣּˡЦźں˵
Сû뵽㻹ţҲͰˣܵ׽գ˽㣡ں
Ӱϲİ֣
ʶ
СˣСͷۣҲضɽС
ɽʵȽǿĳԱ඼Ǵ׽ټġкܴһˣںƵԸаҿ񱩡ʱбвĦȭ׼ɱӰϲˡ
ӰϲˣɫأеҲףԼĲԵֵɽĹӰϲ乲׼ǰһЩʱ䣬ӰϲܽʽϸߵһȺͯ˳ȥЩͳȥĺͯӰϲδϣȻ
ںӣڷʱˡΣпɾܲˡԵû̫ı仯Į֮һζ
ʵҲǡ
ܺںֶжǿľǰֻһֻϣ
СôĿ˵棬ڣ㽫ɱںдһͺ𣬱
漴ӿܣһƬɫĺˮתǺںںϵĺںӡںӺˮɣں
ںɱ˹
׼ս
ɱӰ¶гֱָɽˡ
һӰϲĳԱȫ߶ҪɽĶ鷢
ֱһӣ߶
һƬ⣬֮䡣֮ϣϵܲ˲Ϣ̿
ĹĿ꣬ǺںһˣǽںԼɽǿȫڡ
ںڶǰ׵塣ܺɫˮ뽣Ӵɲ֮䣬ȫʧһںӣʵǳܲסԵ
ʲôںȻ뵽ˡ
ûü˼ʲô飬һ͸һ̣뵽ޱߵĺڰ֮У׹䡣
ɽǿߣֻǵͻȻ׹䣬ȻȻҲ⸲ǡ
ȺУֻǵĲҽ
ǿߣȫӿ׹䣬һ߾ʬ塣
ӾԳֵɽȫ𣬴Լֻһգ۵ʱ䡣׽޶ɽˣգ֮ȫû
Ӱ¶ӰϲԱ׷ſ쿴һĻֻֻ̧һ£Ȼɽ˾ȫˣǿµĺں졣
ǿ
Ӱ¶λѣжôǿǺںǰҲС
Ӱ¶תĿžԡ
޷ΪԾǳǿҲвɽĺں졣
ںӣоɳңùɡҡҡͷ˵
Ը磬㡭ѵǴ˵еɵ𣿡Ӱ¶סʾԣҲ˵ɵֻۣǸо翵Ĵڣδɵۡ
ɵۣ΢΢񣬶Ц˵ţȷʵɵۣӦǿɵۡ
ԪۣھʵҲɵۡǾά켫Բ֮ĻԪۣԴɵ۵ķ롣ɵУͨɵۣлԪۣ켫Ԫۡ
ںԴ֮ӰϲΣκں󲿷ɽǿ߶˳һټɽʣµˣ˵ǿȫ֮Ǳ㶼ѡӴܡû˺ںɽ䣬޷׽ŭ׽ĸ䣬ɽĺ֮ǿ޷ݵġ
Ӱ¶Ƿ뿪׽磿ٴѯӰ¶
뿪׽ˡ
ҡžԸ뿪׽硣ֻǣӰϲ䣬Ҫѡµ졣Ӱ¶˵
ţԣұڴ˵㡣Ե˵ͷ
Ӱ¶֮£ֻ˼ʱ䣬Ӱϲѡһλµ졣Ӱ¶ƿӰϲ䡣
ž뿪׽ʱӰ¶ЩӰϲ䡣
ɽ串һ£׽紫׽ˣ֪ɽĸ𡢺ںӰϲйءЩˣеӸҶӰϲʲôġԶӰ¶˵
Ӱ¶뿪׽󣬾ȥһط
տ¹
տ¹ˣտʣĵһǿߡ
꾰Իʱտʽܶࡣ˵տǶԾӰ֮һտʶԾԵİԶǡտʣʱܾѾˡ
ڣտѳ絽˻磬ڻ罨տ¹


3784 ½
տ¹칬Ĵ
ڽտʱһһ˽һƽӡ
տߣֻŮŮտ¹ϵ׽տµİӣտҲʱָŮ
տ¹ȻǺܴ󣬵ڻ磬տ¹һġ
Ը磬ʲôطƯӰ¶һδ׽ԻĻܺ棬˺ܶµĶ׽ʱδġ
ʱʾԵģտʵտ¹
ǰĹһλҵʦԿտ¹Ӱ¶˵
տȷʵǾԵʦʦԵõܶഫУĴС´۵ĴеȵȣҲǵĵӣϸ´۵ֻǾԵİʦ
һ;ϣʦӦ˵ֻտһйʽʦġ
ԸʦԸ綼Ѿǿ󣬾ԸʵһɡӰ¶˵
ҡͷʱʦ϶ҵʵͳʦˡ
ţԸ׿ԽʦҲӦáӰ¶ݵžԡ
λѺáھӰ¶ӽտ¹ʱһò޵ӭ˴к
Ŀ⿴ŶԷ˵Ҳá
λѣûмǡ֪տ¹кιɣԷʵ
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˵Ӧտ𡣡ϼüžԾ
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ԭ½յĵӡ½ΪȻ˵һ䣬вӡ


3785 
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Դ½޵ʱϲʲôӣĵȴЩƲ½޵ߵġ
ʱΪտ½յĵӾԣͶʦտġ
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һ󣬳ϼžԺӰ¶
̬̹ȻߵУտ֣ʦ𡣡
󣬾̧Ц˵ܾδʦɡ
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3786 һ
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ֱʱգʶԼʵ㲻жǿǿ޵ߣֵûСȥʵЩˡ
뿪տ¹½һ¡ԾԵʵҪնɱ½ȻǼΪɵ顣½ǴӹŹһ⣬Խ鲻ã½Ѿˡ
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ʦǺܾûˡԿտ˵
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ŮһΪϼһΪϼտЩɣҪŮ򣬵֪Դ˽ǷҪۣҪĴۡ
ȫ߰ɣиˣҲһͬǰ򡣡ԻȻ˵
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ŮҲһãȻı顣
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ԣǴе𣿡ŮĿܵĻ
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һԪռ䣬ضޱȵӴ


3787 ͛V
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һһлɣԶһ
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ţܺáһ㸺ɳǣҺܷġԵͷ˵
ΪԪ֮£ҵҡһ˵
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λǻԪ֮Դ˵ʦǰһλǰֻСݡһһǫ
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ȣҲоԵˡҹ͛V
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Ҳ֪͛VˣӦԪԶ˰ɡԴʱѾ˼͛VסĻʹ֮⡣
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͛VҲЦ¶ݡܼԣܿġ
͛VѾҪںϵһԪˡھǰ͛VнԲܡ
ţҪһԪˡǣҪһѣѾܾˡ͛Vҡҡͷ˵
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Եָ㣬ӿʮһԪ֡
ʮһԪѡһ߶ƴԪ
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ˣά켫֮Ԫһ£ǿиƳԪ
ڵά켫֮ʱҲԹԪ򣬵ԼǿиԪͷȻڵά켫֮󣬾ԵɽɫɱɫٸԪܵӰ΢΢ˣҼ΢Ҳܹܿȫָ
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ϯϣԷֱ˾һƣлǵһ·Ѿһ;ǸԼİ
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ϯ󣬾ԽƵһЩ뾰ƽ
Ԫ½Ԫռ䣬ÿһоһءӵУҲپм츳ڵ;ȡĿĳɼ
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ĿǰʵǿĻԪۣͨĻԪۣδ켫֮ϣƱȾѩ΢һ˿˿
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ףľңһֱϵġԪ½ľкӳ֣ᱻӵкӳ֣ᱻӵ硣ֻǣһЩʽϸߵӵܣҪﵽڤվҲǺٺ١ӵгɾɵʵģ͡ƶԾԽ͵
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Ҳʣֱӵȷ䡣šֻ˵һٴ롣üڸľУչĿǵӵܵлԡ羰ӵܵӣЩ̫ˣΪû˸ǾҸ۸ҡĻھӵܵĳɳ
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ƣҵ˼ɣԵ
ף֪ôˡӵܵӣȷʵЩɢˡصĵ˵ͷ
ܺãִ°ɡԶԾư˰֡

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뽻Ԫռ䡣
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ֶ뽴ۡ
ͼ˵úеҾãǬһЩԴ۵ΪȫԪһ⽣֣ǬǳƾԴΪǬӦúܺʡ뽴۽ͼ۵һ
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ԻЦЦЩνƵȵȲ⡣
λǼ˵˵ںֶ°ɣʾ£Ц
ȫ꣩
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