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ߣһϦ

ݼ飺
ҹħ𣬰갵ҹ֮ʣĹһλɡ


һ ۹


1 صŴ̫
Ļʹ̻Ի͵ĹڽԣʯֱֵĹ͢һһǿʢĳһܴﵽ˼£ߵ㣬ȻУȴҲǴԤס
̫ǿˣǧǴĵǧ꣬˿ɵУ嫵ݴ֮ϣ٣Ψдǧ꣬ǧ겻ǧ겻࣬
ʢ˥ǲתĹɣ޵еĴĲһֱ޵ȥѿʼ˥ͷͳ㣬ϱͥսǿǧŵҹ䣬ĳδԶ쿴ȥôá
ĵӲ㿪ΪĿļλĲһǰ㣬ڴȴµĵ̹񣬶ҲǻһǴ޴󹦣޴
ĹͥԽ˱ԭĽޣӴսң½ߣ˼ԽԽѶϣԴ̬ͥһֱģɣս಻͡
֮Ĺͥͷ۵Ļҹ̵ҸȼҹԴѾԶ޷ԭʳɵ洺ﶦʢǿѹҹ̣伸ȻǧĳźͻָҹǲɱĻˡ
ҹ̵ǿ󲻽ǧƵĿֲ̣һӵǿɲ֧ţĴĺǿʢݽ䣬³ȴȻûҹ̸ݱܷâڰУΪľǽյ䡣
ҹĻ֮£͵Ȼ磬Ĭ룬͵ϣüͷȱ仯ɫѿ쳣
£ٵˣʿս֮Խң͢ޱʾһֽ̣ЩΪѪʿģ
ɣսһ𣬽һʰɰʧοҹѾǳûѣᳯḹܵУ
ߣϢֻùͥӹ֣쳯սΪһʲôҹ̾ñ۸ϣ

ϵۼ쳣һһ䣬˭һΨȻĬ಻
ԴĿͺ٣ǲܣǲԸֻҪ򲻵ѣῪڣǹʶԣ۵ټңû˻ϡ
ϵĴԥǲʵһ׾ϵ顣
ಣ
ͻȻһ⴩ֱֱϵĴӣ׵һǰһӦʱ䶼ûС
ž޵һϢ֮ӳһķâе
Ȼ⵲޿ɵһȴһֻɿݵץסˣһֱĬĬŵ̫಻֪ʱߵǰֻ죬ȥǰһзꡣ
̿ͣץ̿͡һ̣ڷӦɫ䣬
ڳ֮ףһֱĬ˫۱ؿżķ򣬵ôĵӣǧ⻹ǵһ˽д̣һǵǵ档
ϣӺŭɫ࣬ݺݵ³֣ϲ飡
ǣ
ŭ·ȺȻ˼תδɱʱ̫΢ˣ̫ʱ
һ̣һʹУŽգʹΧס岽һڣʮһڣܵҪ˵ˣһֻӬԷɳȥ
ʲôˣ
ʹУŴһֶ·ĽΪ⣬һ뵽һˣҲûȤ
ԶµͳǶ˼ҵĺӣѡһʵûа취
ôأ
°ͣ˼ֱ̫࣬ˣ˵֮֮һǿ׳һλ־С̫ࡪҲ̫˰ɡ

̾ϢҪܣֻǿһԶǲʱ߹һԶԻʹ̴뷨뱻࣬˵ʱ١ʬƤ񡢳ѡˣͷۡ
һ빬ƺӴ޷·ˣ
̾ϢһӵĿ⣬̧ͷһЦˣ鶼á
ϵԽԽʾŹеĽԽԽ֮࣬£͵дһһͬ䶼ڵȴһ
ۼǰŶӵһ˵̧ߣļĸèƵģôһȽԼϸ첲ϸȣǵС˼˵ʲôҲҴ
ү㻹Ұɣ
ڣһҲλС̧̫ߣ⣬к
¡
䣬ͻȻʹ֮ڵҹ͵شһҫ۵绮죬ű¡¡ͻ֮ŵ˶һ
ҡ
ҲǱŵһ飬ү˵˵ѣ氡
¡¡
һ޴ưô䣬ĻѶʱ꽽
ݵһ˲һӰӲԶǽУ⻮ϴо̫֮˫һء
ټľʣһֱķµĴ̿ڣκ֮ǰʱصĸˣ޵£ֻһɱ̫࣬Ҫ󺰳޷һʱֹ
ҿԾȥ
۵С۵˲䣬ѿ˵ͻĻú´̿һʱһ㶡
ۿ̿Ϊ˲Ͻ߶ǽ㲻ӵóȥҽܿͻѵҲǲܵģҶһ·ߡ
һ˵꣬ûԼæ˿˵Ѿûѡֻҡ
ʲôˡ̿Ϳڣ䣬һ˿
Ůˣһ㶣ʶ̫ࡣ
ޣѻ졣
˵꣬˫۲ԾŮǰȥȻһƽǲˣҲ̫ƽ˰ɣ
ৣ
ߣŵϽջĿ⣬кݺݱһԼʲôʱˣȻ˼Щ
ϢŭϢŭ֮ǰҪһСæ
ʱסŮˣһǰ˼Ѿ̫ϵ·ϽϣȻˡ
˵䣬̫ಱϵʳѪͿӣ˫֮ĹؼλǽѪܵģȥˡ
ЩĴ룬ӵʱ谵Ȼǿ
ԶŮѻ̫·ɨһĶûп˵ʲôĳСмֻ飬ܰӹһ١
ܻţûԸȥ
תŮ˵ĵĻε۾ֱ뿪껪Ȼ󣬺Ůˡ
ʱ򣬳ȴ˺ͷۡ
룬˫ϵѪĨĨڵϲ˲䣬ȻߵŮǰһЦͿѪۺͻҳֺݺŮĨĨ
ȻǴкģһ񣬴żֵ⣬ֵ⣬Ǽֵ⡣
ŮûпĮһĵĿȫǣҲ̶á


2 
Ƭ̺Լġ衰衱ɵɵЦȻǸš
谵Ĺ£ǰĵŮ˲ˣ֮һλͷ̫ࡣ
Ů˺ܲͣޱ飬վ￴ƬҲŮ˿䣬Щ޷ޣˣǴˣһСŮ˼ƽϡ
̫ϵ£ȻԼɵ˴ϣȻŮˣܲĵȻнһǧǧҪ׼
Ůᣬ˵ͷùõĵȻ󾲾ߵԣһƽذǵĿӡ
ô£Ϊβơ
ûãϵĽŲУλʿ룬Ϊһһɫսףɨһӣʵ
ৣ
δ䣬Ůеĵһ£һƬѪŮһʺѪ˳Ů£úǵԵģ
紵򣬲£ĶˣûеƻҲԡ
ŮɳɤӵλεĵȾһѪУ谵ĵƹ⣬գſڵļλһ
̨ӵѪλ쬵ģǻ֮أ˭Ը
ߣȥط
ûʲôףΪ׽һִϽ뿪Ƿ֮ء
Ѽֲס৵һ۵һҧгݵ
Ůˣǹġ
һֻҪ˵ټˣһô㲻̫࣬ҲҪѪˡ

Ů˳ʵĵ˵ͷûлȥûô۸˵ġ
ô졣Ů˿ʵ
֪Žֻǿʼʹ϶ҪϺܾãӲȥбֵһ졣
ˣû㣬ʲôôץ㡣ܺ棬һʹô׳۵ľүչ
ɱĻʣʧˡ
Ů˺ƽҲƽƬ̺һʲô
ŮĿ⣬ڨڨЦЦʧ̬ʧ̬
ӲԾĳ˿ŮǸݲ磬ǧԴ˳ʲôġ
㻹ûлش𣬽ô졣
Ůһʵ
ȡ
һϽѼƻ˵˳ܿͻС̧̫ˣռҹӦòнţмǣǧҪߡ
Ů˶ã˵ͷʾ
ȻûжãС̫һԵؽ̧ˡ
Ů˾ȥһ˫ڵƻԵ˵Ѫ涼޷ڡ
ûжãһĴУС̫ཫ̧˴ϣԱһŴϣǻձ˸õˣе˻ȥûѣе͵͵֪۵Ļʲô
ֹѪ˵ҩڴͷÿ˶Уֻһʱסձ˰ǵĹ鴦õܹɻĹԻǰ̣ñֻܱŵ·ȵطЩ
ʱȫ㾲˼ΰţһֱʹУ˶Ҳ࣬һСľͻᱻ˷Ǽ̫࣬Ǹʱ϶ʵͷһƬһƬġ
ǸŮֶκһ鷳ʵ۶Ҵɱĺˣǲȿǵ̣鲻˳Ŀڣ޶ûطȥ
֪ǱŮһʧѪ̫࣬ˣűûûε˯ˣΨǵͳĿӳ⻩һҹ

ҸʱǺܶݣ˯ʱܲԾˣܲΪζ̫ʽʼˡ
ҹ֮պ磬һȳһյطǽӣȦˬĿãʫӿҪ㷢һõ̾ȴһѼɤŪؿһ£һֻӬһܡ
˭ҵСӣҪס·
ʯɺ׳ۣ÷ͷȸëⱦʯñ𪵽ֵƤټһŲһ˵Ķܣǿѹθзӿĸо˺һ㿪ȴ⳶˿ڣ۵졣
Сļ򸣽𰲡
ţ
ͣ²ӣĿһǰ꣬ʵ
򸣽𰲣صʺ˭ѧģ
군
һ֪Լ˵˻֪ôʺãµֻܺˡ
򸣣Сı𵽣һʱʧ˹ذѼԳﾴʺ֮˵˳Сʧ̬ԭСĲ¡
˵ԼĵĲУ̫ϻ֪Ϳʲôζ죬ζϷڣֱһϼһ
СһԺ͸ۣzaҰɡ
´һǰߣĵ˵ͷӣúĻӦæ
ͷ
һ䣬Цӣл̧٣СУв֮ɹСȻʤϲ
ԺۼԹУʲô֡

պۼҾͽСˡף
үġ
һƺʱûסѿڶ̲ˡ
ţ˵ʲô
üͷ΢壬үʲô˼Сƺһ˿ϲ
ûûʲôԹС̫ϲˡЦ棬õ񻨿һ㣬СӣȫҶСӡ
ۼˣСӣйض࣬Ҫĵѧ˵꣬зһɨתȥ

ԶȥԴ󹫹һֲ˲ĺˮ䣬ѶԸȻŮˣǲвŮˡ
ļҵūţȻڴ˵·ȻʱһٶȴӶߴŵʱһ顣
ȥ
ŭʢվطô·ˣҪ쭣ȻһзƵĻǣŭʱͱһˮõİ
˭
λĹŮǰӵУһλװ˫Ů¶ޣɨüۺƤϸ壬߷Ȼһ۱ҲƿĿ⡣
ʶŮˣûԹ⻹ûڹаָͷŮ˲ǣǳҪ·ģǵ͵á
һһһͷ£Ĭ·ˣ㿴ҡ
Ϊ׵С̫һÿ·һٶ˵ʲôΪūţǰ಻ұֵ̫ʢˡ
һ¡
߹ͻȻͣ˲ӣɨһڵ
Ϊβ򣿡
ʱλŮС̫ŷӦӸղŵڣļһһֱûй£ڣǻûзӦ
СУ֪йأˡ֪ɻ첻ȥһ̾
֪ˣ
֪ˡ
Ϊβ򣡡
¾֮ɼ
ѲϷţ಻Ϲ򣬽Ƭ̣һ˫ϸشһǰꡣ
ŶԭǱˡ
л
˿΢͵ͷȥ˫еһĹ


3 һǮ
ˣ̧ͷ˫΢У֮µˣݣǷϲŭɫĻŮӣǷˡ
дΣһСľͻᱻδ֪Уǰ;ڰϧʹϣҪ·ܡ
֪ǸŮôˣûйԹҪܡ
еģһһطǽ·һһĵ꣬һЦеشһк
ʵ֤ʹҩһĹãĹƤҩЧˡ
лЩĵģŮƺˣһ¶棬һֱھȻпܱ֡
λڻʹƫƧĵط·ζſʹһ˵ĵطһȥᷢɵţʱ͵ܳȥһᱻĽι
һؾѰң⼸ʱڣǸŮ˽ɱӣͱ¨ӣմһɶǻ
׻˵Ҹ˿һ£ҸӲţ˿̾;ԼܲҸкȥһۣȴûа취ȥ
ȥһۣҲȥһۣžͻȥ˯
һöͭǮһͭǮ߸߷ڿлһߣһϣֱֱǰȥ
ͭǮҪɣ󼱣Ψһļҵ
ʱҪҪǮҪΪԼһԥ˵ҪǮ
Ȼż֮£˫ȼƶѹ˲ãһһ׷ͭǮȥ
׻˵˫У׻˵Ҫǵ㱳ˮ׻˵Ͳ
ͣҪǮ·ҲˣһͷײһůĻŰһá
æ̧ͷһλˣԼôʮ껪һ˫кЦ⣬ֱš
˭ҵūţ죬˻ʺķ壬ʮԴҲġ
Բ𣬶Բ𡣡֮£æǸǸտڣ޲øԼһƣ˵
ʺ˵ԲǱԣǸŮˣͱ˴ľˣԴҲˡ
󵨡ʺԵ̫һ̫ˡ
˾ţν¡
һֹ֣̫ЦſǰͷԵ꣬ʵ
ʻʶöֹͣͭǮкڵֱһͷײͭǮϡ
˵ҪǮҪѵ
˳Ŀ⿴ϵͭǮ
۰Ͱ͵ؿͭǮҪҪȴֲңУײʺҲˡ
ʵҲֲһִ˶νȨη֮ǼܵģѲԼҪעݣԲְѿֳľη֮һȥˡ
ϸؿ˿еͭǮֲûʲô֮ǰһҪֲҪľ̬֮вЦˣѺܾû˼Сһ
Сĵ㣬вߣҪǵعءһ䣬ǰȥ
ҵͭǮ
ؿͭǮٶԶȥ̧£ôĻʺ󣬾ȻһС̫Ǯƣٴѹ˰
ءԣһλĹŮѵ
ǺǣƻһǮأȤСһȻһǮͰһΣڸȥδ빬ֵɡ
֪һھͰδȻһ֪϶ӣһ޶ϵҲҪջض䣬Ҫ·ˣδ빬·֮¹һӶûϷˡ
ͭǮûˣΪãϳһҺܲˬӣϸһ£ͭǮϾȻŵģôԶ·
Ů˰㺦ˡ
һٵľźȷϣд̫࣬Ӧĵط·Ψһĳ·
Ļ̣µĴ£ʹǷ籩ģ̶̵棬ʾ¾һλﶦʢĵһλĸµĻʺŮ߳󹬣Ȼֻô򵥡
ƽ䲨ڣ񣬻ʹΣյĵطǸŮˣһ
ʺһ߷âĿһᣬ򵥵棬ĵױӡͬȴŽȻͬ磬ʣ˽ԲǼ֮ˡ
Ϊȴûбʺĵλѹ£ʾλķâε͸ǻʺվǿƾ׵ĵ֮ϣȴȻܾʵ
ķâ֮⣬ʺ಻װģײʱƽ⣬зţѷܹ²⡣
ϸ룬Լİ˵ϻĲŮˣǲвŮˣңûһʡ͵ĵƣһСģͻ
ȥˣֲһʲôأл·ǰʵɡ
һȳһյ߻ء衰衱һȺݰ׵Ļ衰衱󲻺ãһͷ˯
ҲǱǸŮ˿һ̫Ѫûвһֱ˯ڣȻ󡪡
ڶһ磬Ŵ󿪣˹ˣ˽죬󲿷궼ǿ´ָܲ˲Ÿ·ߺ󣬱ǿʼΪʱһ̫ġ
Ҳˣһλò毺ã̬ȵĹŮǰߣߵǸˡ
ϧ죬ǲʱ˵
㣬㡣
ŮΪĳƺ毺õ϶ʱߵ޲һСӡ
㣬ȥİ
㣬ûã㡣
㣬жԶ
㡭

һ·ϣ߶߶ʼջصߣ˫ɿɿȵ̲סҪʱδ빬ˡ
ǳĵ̣ȻªţҲ֪֪飬һĵʱײ˽ɡ
кܲޣһˣһСӼƽʲô
ô⡣
ʱϤ
ܡ
˲䣬޷޵ʱЦıȻãдż
ͺãպδ빬ֵɣЩʺ㡣
Ҳûмƽ߰ʼմ͵Цݣƽ׽ˡ
׸汾δ빬ĴС˶ʲô֮Уˣ£һ
䣬Ůȥֻʣվ۵Сۡ
һߣʱоԼˣоԼˬˣôã˳رǰġ衰衱ˡ
ɱ
ж֣ģΡ
һߣպü档˺һ
̬Ȳϧˡ
һ̽˲һץǰ衰ˡ衱ٶ֮죬ܵĻᶼûС


4 ӫ
Ů˻书
д󾪣å£åĻܿĻŮåȻ书ò˻ˡ
תɲǣ챻ץס粽С
л˵Ӷڲ֡Ĳ
ҲǾӣֻСŮӡ
ѹһף㳯԰ȥ
ǹ˽𡣡һһ߿ߡ
ǲʶ˽𡣡ġ衰ñӡ衱۵ϣһߣ
԰û𰡣
һ㶣ŷӦԩ޳¸ƨ
㣬ҪȷſҰɣеΡ
ڿ󣬱ôãо˳ˣôǡ
Ȼһ衰衱֣ʱеζϿӿǴСܵӰ죬һһСӡ
ԭֻһƺ˳ھͺˣʮ꣬һ㣬𣿲֡
оͷˣУҪĽడ
㡣
ҪҴ㡣ҲҪˣüһҧгݵ
ǽʲô

ϽɿңȻͿԸֽˡ
һת˫Ǻʱһɿ
ȿȡ
ҵؿȻں˼ʱѣȥڸоٶˡ
ɵӣʱҲﲻԣһƺ㰡ҪСŮˣȻǲĶ
㡣
ȻҲǰĶˣǰŻյȥűһֺЦݵϵ
׻˵ֲЦˣȻǲԭҲûֻ֣ʱูһ
ʱ죬ƺˣٸ㰲顣˵һԥǽвǺ̫ƽҪܡ
лġһ֣ЦҪþͶã̿ףʵϻǺġ
ԺսĿˣǺˣǻʺǲ𣬴ӽ󣬰ͽŻʺ󣬼˵ܡ
ķڿδ빬԰ĵطʺ޵Զδ빬йŮ̫ٵģﲻϲ̫Ҳϲ
˵ǺܺõģΪһǮʶ˳ӿĻʹУݵһϦ
صԼķУ͸ߵ죬ԣ಻
ΨоʱŻ֣ᷢԭߵպ͹Ĳͬˡ
쳾ççһ
ʲô
֪ʱһĨٻӰع񣬲ŷ֣ߵ죬Ѿˡ
ʱģ죬ʵ
ܾˣֻһֱûзֶѡĺѩش
ҴˡԳһЦе˸һţˣѧʲô˾ʿ԰ͽ˸аˡ
һ֪ء´һĨЦݵ
ĺѩ
˿ĺѩø˵֡һ̾˵
һƺˣءĺѩʵ

˾ĬԣӦʶˣȴصԵȴ⣬ûʲôӦ֪֮¡
ΪδɱĻʡ֪˶ãȴƳĬʵ
ĺѩû̻ش𣬶ߵǰߵ£ã֣
顣
˵ѻı飬ˡ
û׷ȥ˵Ľǳĺѩͬѣֹڴˣ档
ңĺѩǷһ顣
飬ȴǷ飬ĺѩ죬ʣ飬ʱܻ꣬ʱܲ
Ҳң˭ҲǷ˭
ǿĺѩƣģԸʩһŮϣ̫ء
ǣĺѩһЦĵޣںҹţ˾Ķǡ
ĿŮӣһĨص͡
⼸죬ȴлᣬ취
˵䣬ĺѩ뷢˿Ȼһ˿˿Ѫ˼תµ·ϴһ£ȳȥˡ
䣬ȥĺѩ
ȥӰĺѩһ˿޵ůԭҲȫƣĳء
еģߵ԰ˣһȣţ˿ڻʵ̫ۣСĵ˳ǽǵһ÷˷Ȼ̵שϣ󷽷
һ
һٶʮ塢һٶʮһٶʮߡ
һǧһپʮߡһǧһپʮˡһǧһپʮš
𾢣ⲻ֪µķҧڴϣ˫ȭֱ졣
书ߵķ紵ݶΪУҪǽʱѾֻǺҪʲôûֹһֻǱɵȥˡ
˭뵽һﻹˣһǧһٶ࣬в겻ȥĸо
ŭߵǰһ壬˷˫ŭؿŴ˯ס
ǰͻӰһ󣬱˿Ц㣬Ҳ˯ǰ
֪µķģΪѹûط롣
ɵĻ𡣡ҧгݵʵҹΣյĹâһԲϾͰȥĳ嶯
УеûеΣϢʵػش
òҸü·š
衰֪ܡ衱ػشеŭٶȱ촽
ãţ
˵䣬оղԣĿ⿴жʱһ¡
ãɱ
㣬
վһЦط¡
㣬һˣҪҰȡ
á

á
磿
á
һβΣոоԽǿңСʵ㣬ôˣô˯
ȵȣͻȻϵ·ĲͬһǸջϵģ뵽ϵķ䣬޲øԼһơ
ǲù˺ˮĵ̣ôãȻû⡣
һٸԼҪ̣治һˣ˲һѾǵҪɱˡ
ף
Ҫʦʱ׵һʶźߵĿ⿴ȥ
ǿУһѪҫ˵Ĺâ䲻Զһźǽϰע⣬ױ˺ԡ
ôˡԣʵ
ѪΪ޶ԱǿŻ谵ΪǣҲǿеӫʮһΣǺûв´ĻǾҪˡо̾û뵽ܿ⴫˵еӫģ治
˫ע⵽ǿżΪĺǣһץסĸ첲żʵ˵Ķģ
һץ۵ֱ죬㣬ۡ
Լʧ̬æɿȴȻϷ׷ʵشң˵ǷģĻ𣿡
첲ȷص˵ͷʮа˾ţҺпܾ졣
ˡ
ɫ䣬һ壬æסȥ
֡
Īҡҡͷƨɵҡڵػȥ˯ˡ


5 ʻ
δ빬ѿ˯ĳﱻһ󼱴ٵѣδ빬ֻԲֱͨˣ֪ԸûʲôҪżĹ˲ùء
·ƽ
ж˻ױĳȻ˼ָ߹󣬶˼ƽͣԽʮ²δŮ̫˪óʮ꾭ĳԵԽˡ
ˡ
Ŷ룬Ŵϵĳ
Ҫʲô˵
һ̫飬Ȼɱȣƽľض

ƿӣųǰȻָϷһѪɫǡ
޵ǣôˣﲻףʵ
Աǲǻпźɫǡָ˵
ӫģԣǻûӫâ֮֮󡣡
һȻҡҡͷӫģǶޣ죬ΨӫǾȻܽȴδ
ձﲻţżˣ˵
󣬸עЩôˡ
˭ģһĨΣյ⣬ǲĻǱˡ
ﻰе⣬һȴòش⣬
ǸСһ
΢΢һΪλڿˡ
˵ģ˵һͬ˵˳ϸ΢֮ޱ
￪ʼʱȻʧЦȻ棬ɫ㽥
ΪǣӫֻԤʾѵĽ١
̴ﵱϣԸ

ڣջһϴװ׵ĺѩۣСԼĴ˯ĺѩôķ䣬ˡ
ѡ
ŵһ飬æĺѩֺѾʧڷڣ㰵˿
ĶˣǱŵյԴߵǰվҪ˵ȴһק˳ȥ
ֱһ֪ʲôˣߣɸоǸڷɣԶľ룬ĹȻѾˡ
оԼλˣվڵϣֻΣԺקǰ
һ˫´һǰˣƺҪ俴ͨ͸
ϧĳ˿Ҳ޷Щʲôͼʲô

˺ŴԺзӦǰĳʱŵ˺һг
϶ǸڵŮˣǮŹˡ
ʺĵǺû𣬵Ȼǡ
ҡֵĪôã˺¡
˵ʵ𣿻˵ʵ𣬵Ȼᣬˡ
͵֪֮СֻǱļˣЩ顣
ƨͬʱһ״۸书˲˲˲
һԣҧǳ⣬һСӡ
Ǻǣ
ܿǵС˼ЦһҲûơ
˵Щ𣿡ᵽ£ɫٴ¹ϵΪ棬鷳ˡ
ΪڽգĻƺѾ˾Ҫպܱܿʽ´ּ⣬ʱλʱڳѿĻʵľ֮⡣
ʲô
һ仰ʵãˣ˵ô໰һȫǷϻ֪һ䡣
㶮󣿡ʡ
ʵش
ǣ͵һ߬ĿⶼҪʮ˿顣
Ļش𣬳üͷҲһ壬ǳҪ̲סˡ
Ϊθӫ޵ǻ
˵䣬һ˫ӽض²ǶϷаֻѻȻʴݡ
ʶ
ӵȻֻҲֻ룬ȴʮֹ˵ʺСʱһλӫĵԲŻ֪
аաüʡ
ʮа˾šǫػش
üͷĸˣȻܲ𰸣ʮа˾Ǳ㻹ʮ֮һĿܳ⣬Ҵ£ݵð⡣
һ˫ӼΣǫ鶮ǲ͡
һᷢȻӣʵظ˻ش
ʮɣʵ
ʮɣɫ
ã㣡һĨᶨڼ͵
ǡ
ˣɵˣôȥҧһһˣʱ򼸸Ĺ򣬻ȥʱҪδ빬СգҲԼסġ
ԼĵƻϨ룬ߵʱǵŵģϰƺҲʲô⡣
ƿţȻߵԼǰһ˵ӰѾ˯ʱָŴֱ
ҵģҲҡ
˻֪жͼŮ˸ȥһ뵽࣬
ò˻ˣò˻ˣ
ݺݵسĺѩ˻ȭͷŮôôᣬǻˣǻˣĺѩҲǻˡ
ҪίԼȥԼԿŮռԼ˵Ļᡣ
ǣ
ƴһʱļ״һ޵ӣȻ̵ȥس˿пԶ
Ǹ˲ţԣǸš
ղǸŮ书ܸߣСˡϣĺѩͻȻ۾
֪ʶӦһȻһصص˵ϣ󾪵û˯ţ
Ҫʱˡĺѩ۾
ǺǣǺǣɰͰ͵ЦôˣŮ˿ǸҴɱĻʵĺˣôĽŲ
Լļ״ͻȻղĺѩĻʵ
ҡĺѩʵ˵
治֪ǫ顣ƲƲ죬е
Ҫ㲻һٸҲĶ֡ĺѩ
䣬ؿһͣ䣬ڣһ˲䱻̤һٱ飬һǧ顣
һŤͷ׼̫ˡ
¡ĺѩٲ
˵װû
˵̫ˡĺѩһ
̣˭
ϧǸŮӡĺѩѪ
ᣬ۶ݺݵؿĺѩҪѧ书
ϣĺѩһ㶣Ȼ󵭵³֣㲻ϣ
оԼҪըˣ̫ˣ̫ˣ
ţҴߵ
㲻ǡĺѩشΡ
ֱֱضĺѩҹУŭĵ
Ҫ˯ˡĺѩתװû
ΪȻֱؿĺѩҪԼǿľѹȶ֡
յ֮󡭡
ڼ֣Ϭ罣
󡭡
ĿȻǿᡣ
һ󡭡
˫ۣҧ֡
һʱ󡭡
ʣǷ
ְʱȥ
ĵ˯ˡ


6 
͵ĻȻĶ£ۻУĻ㲻ʲôڷܵһȻԥԸΪĳ⣬ʹһ֮ȥԶĳֹʮ겻ǰȻ񶯵´£سɱʧܣ޹й
ޣĳˣ
Ļ֪Լ㣬һβ¾ĳԭٹϢκδ֮ˡ
ֻĪ⣬컯Ūˣӣ޷֮⡣
ʺ˵ʵ֮ϣĻɫأ
Ѱ׷Ļһ޹޹سһȴҲͿһټʳԳ£Ľǣǲ֮ȴѼƿݡ
ǧȷ
￴Լˣ̾ʱĳ֮ԣ֣ǣȥôĲڵ֮ңδΨİ׷ʱ顣

ʥگʹŶ߼۶ȥ
ʹеˣĬĬȴĻ¸̨ǰ޵ԣһųɫҫŵ⣬ܵȴ˴ۡ
ӫġ
Ļ¶ɬ֮һĪҪ֮
ûǰĬԣ󹬲ӦˣҲ͹ˡ
£ڵȺ򡣡
ûãд̫Ļʿɬɫ»ָеϡ

ּ
ڴ˿̣ĳǰϥһ񣬵иǡ

Ļףʾͬ⣬ӽʺڴˣ˿ʵģеʱ̡
뿪ϹԪ󣬵ȴĻʵƽ֮
ȻãϹԪʼûĻʿڣͻȻһ亹৵¡
ϹԪĻʿڣвһ˿ɫʡ
ڡϹԪͷ
λ˶ˡĻʼʵ
ʮ¡ϹԪеĿ־Խأɫɷףֱɪɪ
ܺãܺá
Ļظһ䣬ƽɫرú壬صһϣʮ£޾һҲˣ
ϹԪָ̿ؿͷ
ںδĻʺɫƽ䵭
ѧǳʵΡϹԪͷڵϣ
ѧǳһѧǳ
ϹԪĻŭһѹƲסץסϵĲ豭ȥ
أһĲ豭ϹԪԴϣʱѪ£Ⱦǰ
˵˭ָʹĻ˫ǰߣ
ɵӣ˱㲻ӫҪ󣬶ȻĻ֮˹ѹϢٳɳ֮ʵ
ӫĹԤʾսѣʱ˱ɻΪսıҲΪʸ֮ģǸʱ򣬴ԵľͲһͥµ֣һֱҹ̣ǧҵ᳹ٲǴĵˡ
뵽ĻӲǿѹĿ־ŭٶȱơ
ָʹ
ϹԪ̧ͷѪˮ˳Ŷͷ䣬ȾİѪһ̣ƽش
ãܺã
Ļһ˫۽գ
ˣϹԪΣ⣬ɽϹԪۡΧû޵κ˲ý
ǡ
䣬λǰУϹԪ˳ȥ͵ΨĻ֮ϣǰգԣ
ãĻͻȻӿһĨ̬ĳ죬衰ۡ衱һŻ졣
ޣĵˡ
䱯ɬȨµ˼ʣ췲񣬶Ĺģȴ⣬Ūˣ컯ŪһѪȻ䡣
ǧ겻ĻʳҫѹĻʳеŴǧҫÿһҪȨʮǽԥҲֲ塣
ҹ΢ߴʤϣĻʹεѪմʪҲ޶ԣ⣬أȴ̤벽ǴĵĻʣֻҪϵϣκ˶ա
ģĻʵ鲻ǶԱˣǶԼ߰׵ķ;ƿݵ壬Ϊʶʮأһꡣ
޲ģİ
ǧΪʵЦҹУӫȻһٴԵı仯·ڳ˼

ڶ糯ڳУԤеĳּȴûа£ڳ죬뿴ܸıĻѶΨǣĬȻĬκ
糯֮ڳȥУϲǲɫ
ҲҪȥʱĻǰ̫ʶ֣ʵʦһߴ·ʦɻ֡
̫ʶĬãһ֣ᡣ
赭дĻشȴ·Ļģ֪֮ߵ·ʱʦһѡ
ƽȥĻȻɹ͵УһˣһĬĬ¡
δ빬
һ𴲱ǰ۵˰죬ĺѩɨһ۱ûʲôȤССĻأҲֻӦһСӡ
Ųĺѩ뷨չһ׼ȥԷٳǰһĺѩһ֣ЦıȻá
ţû˰ɡ
δ빬йŮ̫רųԷĵطǸˣŵ򷹣ûûʲôˡ

˷ܵصǸʢ̫Ҳʵڵظʢ˷ĳĹж˻ǲġ
ˣߡָһ⣬˫ֱŹ

䣬̧ͷͻȻ̫վǲˣֵôˣҪ𣿡
⣿̫෴Ӧɻ
ѰʣȴһΪˣ̫еףһʱͷ顣
ûϴûвͺаôôô
ˣԺشͷ˴ҧرӻá
Ӵ㶳ӳͻǰͬҵ̫һûͲˡ
·㣬磩
üͷһ壬ȻҲˡ
ںҲʶʡ˷Ѿкһ̻صԼסý߷ţţ
ڣĽŲŵĺѩһͣˡ
ѽضأŰж
ҧһ·оԼӶû֪ˣĺѩţʱЩżҪѽ
ĺѩƬ̣ȷֻһߣСĵشһ㷿š
ÿÿ
ڿˣæ˽ȥСһкӶϺ󷽲һ
˽ˣˣԼͷˣʱ󾪣æʹԼӡ
huanˡ
ͷûãȴѵȲ£ѻͷó׼
ĺѩűӺʹͷӹâջǶ
ʳɣʳɣ
Ҹؼһд㣬ѪˣҪԵõĲ
ǰһˣĺѩĬƬ̺ʵѧ书𣿡


7 
̧ͷ˰϶ûĺѩı⣬һٷͰˣ
Īǳֶ̣
ɡ
ּһνҲǺĺѩЦȻĽЩԷȥˣ˹֪֮ĺѩ˵ǿˣ˵Ĳô
ҿԽһرķĺѩڵ
𣿡ر֣£׷ʵ
ô˵ĺѩʡ
ѧĹ𣿡һڴ
ĺѩҡͷ
ءһ±׼
ĺѩҡͷ
ץ˵ĽͷͷأڴѾûʣ¶ˡ
ĺѩҡͷ
ѧ𣿡ȫޣɺ
ǿ塣
ۣر𰡣ҧһͷȻȵ
ĪҪڡĺѩҲǿ󣬵
ţоĺѩЩѰ·ʲôĻԵƵġ
ķر𣿡Сĵʵ

ʲôر𣿡ʡ
󡣡
Ϊ󣿡ʡ
ر𡣡

ʹطŮ˾ͷģһҲˣҪĥ
ѧݺҧһͷҧгݵ
ȵȵȡ
Ϊʲô
ĺѩһ˵ķϡ

Ҳܲˣվָָĺѩ촽ֱ¡
̫۸ˣ
֪ķġûķŭĺѩ
ĻûеѪ޼˵ĹȻܶԣԽƯŮԽΣգ
Ҫƽľƽľƽľ
ǣеĿ۶ˣðɣƽģҲ
ġһΡ
Ļ鷿
ݺݸԼһͽʲôʡ
ѧ𣿡ĺѩɫȷϵ
ͷԷĲҪ
ĪҪڡ
ҧһͷסԼ졣
öҩ㡣ĺѩĶһСӡ
õģûסǴǻˡ
õġĺѩ
Ϊʲôң㲻𣿡̵ģĺѩлеλġ
̫ˣҪĺѩ
һͣһͣ
սᣬĺѩҲ˵سĿӱĳ˲֪Ҫǿ϶١
극ӱСȥ԰һ󲿷̫๬Ůæ԰ûˣĺѩǾÿʵǸѡ
ֻǣķź԰
У׼ȥʺҪһˣǳһִĹŮҪδ빬ճţҪİȫ
Ҫţ㷢еƤ۵ӣ뵽ڳǰСʱһ
һɣȵ
ţѽ㡣һһЦݣƨƨߵܹʺá
ߡûط˵

ʺһˡ
ĳһһ뵽ĺѩǸһٸܽᣬ˲ûˡ
㣬ܲܽѧ䰡ҪزƽĻȨ
ؿһȨƬ̣ίѧĶʺ㡣
ΪΡĵ׷ʵ
㲻ϡֻʵʵ˵

ܳû·ҪԳŻ˳·ܲ޾ɵظǰ󣬾͸ݲйСƵġ
˳ѱãֻ׼װıȽأһû毺õոɸɾʩۣ֬һֻ󣬶һС
Ǽ󡣡ԼΪĹ׼ǸڵŮˣһõڶԻ˵ļ
ԼжϣԾųĿ⡣
ѿȴû˵ʲôĳСһֱڶƺֲ֮ηĸоҪݾͺһµĺڶܸĸĿƵġ
ò˵ֱ׼ˣһܣȻϣÿһμ涼оֱģ򵥵˼ĳо͸ħûʲô
ڳôҲ뵽Ǽ̫֮࣬ܽ̿ϵһ
Ļ࣬ɱĻʵ˶ˣŶӶҪʮ£Գﲻȴûмǳͺ˦Ļʺüʮ֡
֪ʲôֻˬظڽ֮һ·ϿŷֵĽֵĽֱ
ʲôһƽܷԸλþͲˣϴҲǹǲע͸·˼ûʲô
ҪͷһÿǲƮĿ⣬̾ʵĲʵˡ
ಣ
ͻ⣬ͫ׽ֻӰƷԲ֮ͬΣ޶ˣһɱĻʱ˷Ӧ
Сġ
δüĻǰһĨٻӰɨ䣬ֻɨأȻֻݵĵ飬赲

ѪĵʧܣȥȴԼ˳ǰ͸Ѫ磬Ⱦ߽
أ
䴩ӣȾļ϶һѪٶŻһ졣
㡣
ǰסҪµһ̣ǰȴƺңԶ
סоʹȥ˿ڣȴôҲ治סӿѪ
һ̣۵ĵ⣬ķ֣ʮλסͬʱ䵶Ϯն
ۼΣһѽǿؿشһĽʱһɫǹɳֽգɨķâ
أ
˫ӣµɣһأһ̤ٶĵâ޼䣬·
ߡ
֪޷ȫˣƿһĨɫʡ
ǰޣٶȽ棬ȻһʱȾº죬Ѫǹ֡
ߣˡ䣬˺ƶ佫ǹ֮ϡ
µ񣬴ŽִţǹڽǰκԽ벽
ߡ
һѸĴɢȺ
ߣ
λӰ˲׷ˡ
ߣ
һߣǹȥ෵ӿգһƵ˲òӦ
գ˭̤߰벽
ѳأѪѽȴѵ־һǹ֣ԡѪأҪȫ

ﱻקǰУˮ¡

ȴ赲ǰеĲûлͷһֱųǰУͷβûлװΡ


8 
ȾѪǹÿһƬѪǱ˵ģģؿڵĴ޷ϣǹӶ䣬˿ڣѪ£Ⱦһ¡
ּڳԸӣк壬вǹأʽֻ֮أƴ˺С
ڣ
ټâܣӲһǹתһǰ߱۰
һлһУֵܵС
֮׿ڣһĨɫɱʧܣǻȥҲҪܵط㾡˭뵽ߵһŮдΪ
ûд𻰣֪ǲԸԭذ׵˿Ҳһԭɫ΢˳㱼䣬еѪ衣
ˡ
֮׿;ƿݣ䵶âƶͬһʱϣͬʱϣҪǰŮ
ޣĵâ޿ƥУ˹ӳ֣ݿ࣬һ˿Ѱ
ۼ֮Уӱ۵Ĺâ鲼Уǹ֣ת
˵˭̤߰벽
䣬˷ǰһ࣬ǹת˻ΧƣγһټС
ʽ㾡һΪֻΪסһߣǽִţǳߡ
䣡
ʽҡҳбѳоѣ˵ƣòԶս൹֮Զ

ನ֮УλºһŻ죬βվȡ
ԶȾѪٻӰȻŽӣ˫۽ʧ˹ʡ
һۣοסһߣػ˳޺
ϧҲ˵ļһٺˡ
ɰ
ĺʶؿϧʧĿѿˣϡƺϤӰӳգջΪһƬ޾ĺڰ
㡣
ǰסоǱʹһǰԶˣеһŨҵĺ⡣
СĽڽԣֱŵͭ¯һֳ̲óӣȼ¯һȾ͵ƴʢ˳ŵûͭ¯˫һ˦ȻѸתס
һ̣˵ıըأ˵ԱֲܿನԶˤϣ֪
ȿȡ
Ϊסò˲ನʱڸ𵴣һεѪ
ɳУԼƣͷҲصһԵĽڡ
ɰҩվſڣƽȴڲסеĽ֮ɫ
ԼôӺֻŻѪ״ǰ鿴Ĳ״˫˲
Ͼǻʺ󣬶ݵĻ޴ָ̻ǣʱŷҲòȥڣǱ֮

첽߽ҩԺɰҩǳڻʳǵļҲƹÿһʱҪﱾұˣδ빬ʱûٰеĿԶɰƹڳﲢİ
СĽڴϣƹֹѪҩͰײѪʱֹס󣬷üƣһԣ볤ŵصȺ򣬴ƹɫԽԽѿ˵Ҳ֮
Σ
ƹǰһżʵ
ڸܴأѪʧ룬ҩɾȡƹһ̾ʵش
ҩɾȡһ̣侲糤ﶼһش
ƹĻشǺݺһȻ뵽ʲôһǰӻóһСӣ򿪡
ĺѩ͸Ķ˵ܱһûãѹܲôˡ
ҩУҩѸڻת۱ʧĶͽŵı飬ٴһ˿ϣ
ƹǰٶȰãȻҡҡͷ̾УȻסһѪʧ̫࣬ʺ׼
ˡһʹͷ
ʲôϽѪһżҲ˲ʲô𱰣
ֵĻƹ񣬾Ҳһ㶣Ѫ⣿
һ˵ı飬֪»ûѪһ˵Ҳ˽ͣƹһ
ȴƹ˵Ҫ֮˵ļƹҲȥջǳ⣬˼䣬ƹһȻ˳ȥ
ƹİЧʻǲģûãƹż˿ϸһȫϸס
ⶫεвң֪óͶˡ
ùһϸģü˼б⣬Ȼþˮ㽫˿ϡ
һԣſڣҪʣȴ˿һ˲Լ󴦡
ǧҪ
ɫʮأǰOѪҲǣһûصˡ
һӹȥɫ԰ףҲʼ鸡ȴȻŬվţʱûѪĶº󣬸߶ѪȻ䲻ȥ
ְӹȥͻȻһڣһģԵҺóһԣʱס
ϢҰɡ￴ɫɷ׵һ˿ǵ
ãԽΣԽСһֵס
ܾ˳ĺ⣬ڶģǳٲһ֣Ǿһˡ
Сʱȥֲ֧ס˹ȥΪ˷չˣԸƹʱһŴȻҲȥ
ƹǰץҩҩȻ͵ԺæҲǰŲźţר͸¶κݣЩҲҼˣֻԼȥ
ιҩҲڵÿ˼ȥ֪˼٣Ϊδɱŵ˾ġ

ã˫ͻȻһ뵽п֮ˣڽ䱸ɭϵӽ£Ψλô̵ʱڰźһС
˵ɱĻһпڲӦǣΪʲô
ٻ󣿲ܣȨλɱ黹˵ĹȥĻһֻǰٺһ
ĪǴɱĻʵĲͬһ
Ȩãȴ޷ҵؼڣ˼պл֤
Ϊ˻س︮ΪĻʸּŸһļӺҲĸס
һڻʳǣңԶӵ̫롢ӡشǣνһӺΪ˰Ļʵģ󲿷ֵ׶˻ʳеĳ︮ͥңĻֲּһõѡֻҪӺͥҪȻҲ༸ֹǡ
Ϊӫ֮󣬴Ĳս£ҪĻʲܴ󶯸ɸɱԮӺĵġ
ԭܼ򵥣Ӻص뱱ͥСĵĻɱҲע⡣
ºܱܣһ¶ᱻãҥĻҪ˱սӫ֮ĵĴ̱ʮּѡ
ϣĵıҹ̣ĲðգֻС¡


9 
︮ǻزȥˣ̿ͼȻ֪֮£һس︮·ϵȴ
ʵţ̿ͱ͸ʳУĴɱһαһξգһΣϧ໤Ȼ١
ûһֱоǸرĺӣӵһμָо˵ߴʤԴĻʺʱ޿ָ̲о֪ʲôʱʼ׼ʱһ˿֮⡣
һִģҲ׽ֹϵ̬ȸԵ𾴶׽˵飬ǸжһЩ
һμʱһֱһͷԵ׷ʲôһֱܣ֮£Ҳûдţ˭֪һͷײĻһʾȻֻ׷һöͭǮ
ĿУûп˼ʱֹάαη֮飬Ȼһ˿飬ײһЩΣͭǮСһﾹȻ뿪Ҫ˼
δ빬֪ĺط϶Ҫģǣƺ飬ټʱֲ鲻Ը񻹼ǵú
ӫĵ飬͸ǳϣΪټȷ٣һʶǻ˺üʮϼһùʮ꣬˵Ǽһ۱֪
ӫıʲô΢ʱ̾Ǵ£ĻѾҪ֪ӫ֮ȴѡĿľ͸˲
գس︮ҲˣֻǾһҲûʲô
Ծǽı֣ܵҩгƹҪǡʯҩʯʱ첻֪ʲôʱһ侲ƹȥ̵ĵطֵըĿȫǣٱʱǷһѵѪǡ
ĳϵıԽԽǳԾڸѪһʹƹ񣬿ƹȷʾϻû˵ѪβˣҽжйأŻǲţڽȶȻѶɹء
һγҽ֮ǰӫĹҲСⲻǴѹһֱֶΣϾߵĸ̫ͻȻôĹ˶ʼɴӶݺ
̵Ѿ˹УȺֽ֮˳Ҳ˵ǵû֪
Ҳƹȥ︮ţͷǱע⵽ƹǰŸյ︮žͻɰҩ
ʵȥ︮ŵѡΪƹܶ˶֪ɰҩƹݣע⵽Ҳµǵŵص㡣
ʡ
ʱϣ۾Ժغһ
ع񣬵ǰһˮߵǰСķȻˮݵߡ
ԺУ֪ǰµĳ΢΢̧ӣ˼ˮȻƿӣһת˯
εЦЦһӻһźˣĻʶû֡
һߣȻûļ󣬱ϾôصˣһʱͲģҩʲôҩĶУֻΣգܺ
֪תҹ٣ϵӫ֮£ߵǰһ̵١
ͬһʱ䣬Ļʹ͵Ļʹǰ̧ͷգһںҹƮҹ¶أȻȴһ˸ǰһ䡣
Ϸ֮ϣ޵ѾһԵӫҹһޱ仯Ĺ۲˶֣ߵľĽˡ
ĳһΪ֪ĻУһλͨ޷ֻͨ߳ƽһȴ֪˶ԶȻڵ߳ɲǣߵĵȴʧˣ·δһ㡣
˲֪ʧҹ̵һ֪߳ӣ̵ӡ
ӫģҹһ꣡
ҹԤʾͬԤʾڱĹͥϵĶȶ£ĵԺ׷׳֡
һ̣ʣ˵ı仯ӫǣͻȻѸ˫Ƕޣǿա
⡣
̫ʶʦʣһ̾ǳˣԤʾŴѵĽ٣һΣĿҲѱ⡣
̫ʶˣ
ԴЦĻУһ˫Ӱ俴ʮң֮һϧ𹫡
ѣô˲רΪ˳̫ʶİɡʦһǰߣ
֪ҹѱص鲻ѣ˹滺顣ϧһЦӦ
Ŷ̫ʶҪлˣʦ
ǣϧЦɡ
٣㻹ôҪʦ̵
˵ϧȻЦԡ
һҹ´ң˵Ŀⶼ޵ź͵ĻֱһϮע⵽ĻʹϿգǧɺѸ޵еĻʳڲβƣݵҪˡ
ˣһĴƣݸݣսĻʳӦ˶ɨ£ٳǧ겻ĻȨˣ˲֪صҹ̶òݱܷâںڰУǧȷǴĵǧ꣬޿ɺǣ޿顣
ĵȴʵζʲô
µ߶֪ζŴĲ޵У޿ɺ
˵ǣܿһ㲢࣬Ͼܱ֮ˣһƶĹ
Ưǰ
ɰҩԺڳüͷ˼պ֮ʱڴʵŵ͵͵ĵعűſڴߣΪеؿǡ
ﵱһźߣʱ˵⻰Ҳһˡ
ﲻòϣƲȥӫĴ岻̸˿˫ǶޣѪľȷ
ͻȻҲ͵͵ݶǲԵɺϵӫһ£СƺԿʮֵİá
ϲ𣿡£ʵ
ǰһǣһ߷Ļش
껹ʮɣ
ǰ
ļҲڻʳǰɣ
ǰ
㻰ʱλİɡ
ǰǡ
ڣŷӦŤͷųдǰգȻϵбﻹġ
￴һڽ˱ķϣ¾ͲƽˣҲСĹͣԿǴӦ㼸󣿡
Уһ˷ʵ
ҪкЦʵ
һСһƣΣյָϽָ
𣿡
˵ɡͷ
ҲҪ̫࣬Ҫſڼ۷Ź⣬ôãл·ˡ
һ㶣û뵽Ҫ˼Ƭ̣ҡҡͷС
󼱣´һԣ׷ǻʺ󣬲˵㻰
·ϵʣҲ˹ػصŮӣǾӣ˵ֻ˵ǴӦû˵һӦ
ʱɫ˵صڴϣԹԵ
ϣ㻹һҪĻᡣѵ
ûˡ
󲻺ãתһͷסͷ
ʲôٸ߱Ա񣬳ǲڵ
ء
дǻӦȴԵĿ顭


10 ĪҪ賤
ԭǵ㣬ҹ֮£һλŮӾմżֲ̬Ĳ԰ףҹʱ
Ļ𡣡Ůӿڣ
ûС
Ůԣһλս׽ᣬŮӵгĽ;ηңȴβȥ
⡣
ŮӿһʵѪɫޣ˼һ̾վ˲֣ϧһöõİ塣
ĽԲŮԣֻ֪Ҫʦڣͥս̤ԭķߡ
ӫģ֮ȣӰΪءĻʼ֪񣬶ȻҵΪϣҪֻӺ붫ĲºһɱԮ¾˼Ƭ̣ڵ
ΪβǶ򣿡⣬ʵ
ºɽŹʮ꣬һΣ·ʵ

һҲᡣ²ûж͵˼˫ԶƽдһĨƣʱ֮еƣŨˡ
򵥵˭뵽⿴ŮӾǱͥµľʦǰһֲ˱ɻ֮ˣñͥڽڴﵽ˿ǰͳһ۷塣
ϧ޵ĹƶԴ˱ͥչȥñͥķչԻ
ʦҹȥɡ˲֪ãԽˣḶ̌ڵ
ȣӦһתһԶͥȥ

ɰҩԺ峿䣬͸սУϣԶȻڻԣһԣ⣬ƣ˯ȥ
´Ȧо˻⣬պϡ
ﻹδѣü壬ƣӿһۣСΪ˼·Ȼųȥ
ƹѵȺʱһæǰ
ƹ񿪿ڣҪѯʳǷʲôţȴһҵķӦ
ǹȫҶǹ
Ǳ˲βƵģƹĻޣ
ǸγƺŶƺҵķӦһƹСʵ

ŶֵܣʺǷʲôԸ
ﻹû˯ѣ֪Ƶػش֪ء
ذƹһߣߵԺд̫ȭƹ񿴵һһ㶵ġ
ֵҲ

ֵܹǫˡ
˵

ȥ
䣬оЩԾعһǳڽʱ亹ֱȭҲˣһ˹ȥ
кηԸ
ݣº˵ûмƽʧ֪֮ҪǼƽЩᱻ
ӣ￴ɫǰδе֣أмҪ㡣
ɫпһ£Ҫ鷳Ҫˡ
취̫︮ƽ󣬽ڴ˵Ϣ֪סһҪ̫ƽκ˶С
¹ش󣬳ﲻòй˼ɣܱ֤︮ûڼ飬ֻ֮
̫ƽ磬ǳһڻʳеƶˣʱȻҲ֪µϢĴѰ䡣
л·ĽһӦҪûˣȻڻԵͳεĿ⣬ʱЩ˼
оᣬش
üͷһ壬Զشܲ⡣
һ̧̾ͷųɫģֻҪһţһ
ı֤ŰģɫҲ΢óһöεݸǰߣ̫ƽ㡣
ǰδأʹطӹ壬ͻȻ˵
һоԻ󣬲ԡ
һЦ˵±ץˣܲ˿̰
ǣȻһЦӦްҲûָܵסκο̣浽ǸزĶùܣ취סԼСɡ
ݰݡ
˸кתˣ³һͷˮ˵Ǻ⡣
ãεҡҡͷ̾Сһ̫˿ס
ĵĻʳǺܴ෱˵µһҲΪУתͷۻģֻ֪︮Ĵŷһ·߱ʣ˰죬Ѿսʱ
ʱͻȻһµ顪ȻûǮΨһһǮóûˣ޷ġ
λ㣬︮ôߡ
һ·ɤӿʵõĶðˣһλŮӴǰ߹ʶ·ʵ
·¥ˣǺˡºɨһǰ꣬Ц
ƺˣȱˮɡ
⣬ðɡ
Ťһ£˵ŮӾ̸߽У¥ôˣôˣֱˮȲô
ӣáºһݵǰЦ
ҪǮɣ˿Χݳ޵İ裬̽
˵ЦһˮѡºȻһЦ
һЦĶ쿪ˣӹˮһںȽˬ
Ҫ𡣡ºһ裬˹
áӹӣһЦˮûȰƨϡ
ⱭҪǮġ
ۣպ˰ڣǰߵĻһ˳
ȿȡº£ɫǺͨ졣
ģŵġºЦĻ֦Ҳ
ǣεز˲죬ĿΧɨţǲֱº¡
ףôû˰
ŷݳ޸ĸ¥УȻյģһ˶ûУٿһº£üĿ֬һˮģôûҪӡ
밡ºһĻ֪һʲôûһ̸ҿġ
ԣĿһǰŮӣʱŵĺЦʧˣ˫һĨһţע⣬˺Ѳ
ţˮǮһġ²豭˵һ䣬ת㳯ȥ
ˣǻϽ
ʱ̸һӰҡڵ˽һ޳УټŰӣһ֪ǳӵܡ
Ӵǳ﹫ӣʲôˣֻƬ̵Ĺ򣬶¥֮ϣλɴŮ֣ȥֱпڸ
ոз̫࣬ұƷˣһЦ˵
һԣͣ˲ӣͷŲԶˣƬ̺ǰȥ
ǳ︮ˣ
ǰһ㶣ʶش
̫ƽĶӣ
ǰôˡ¶ͷ֮ɫ
ǣɰһЦһųǰ߸ȥ
Уһһײӣһزˮ
һ̲¥ļλŮˣһºҲûܷӦ
㣬֪˭֪ӵĸ˭𣡡˸ͷԴЩ⣬ŭ
֪̫ƽ˵ˡȻһߣԭƴʱôˡ
ܿ࣬ûˣһȻ¥ĹεĶ
ǰһһ߳ŭ֮δվȵĳʱֱ߷˳ȥײϣУһء
һţ塣
䣬ٶǰŵϵĳקߣǺһš
һţ㲻֪ܡ
˵һһصĲ豭һһصΣɫԽԽ䣬һš
һţܻ
ץ鱭ָȴ֪о͸Ǻ⡣
һţסĪҪ賤
ȻһţȻһΣɢľŵѪڳ˵һ仰
˲䳡λŮ¶һ˿⣬Ծ˺һ
㣬ܽ±ī𡣡ߵһλŮǰһЦ
ãá
Ůŵһʧɫæص˵ͷȻתŵŵ¥
ûãŮӶī˹Сĵݵǰ
лл
ùīЦĸˣǰһĻ˭⿴޺꾹һĶħ


11 һʮ
ʹİ˹ȥϲϲǰһʲôһīŮӣȻ㣬īᱻϴɣ
Ůӽʶһ΢ᣬǧī
ԣһЦ֮Խ˲
Զºüͷȴûв֣ǰȻ֪ݻ޼ɵԴ⣬Ǳˡ
һ㣬ֱ˿Ȼǰһŵ񾿾ΪΣ̸
Իºѡʱ⣬䣬ֻҪ粨㲻ǣ̸
ż˶Ƭ̺󣬳ϳŤŤĴ֣ϸȥǿϳǡ衰衱֡
ȻϢóｻ壬մīݺݵӡСϡ
ٸͳ︮ôûһУ˿ߣſڳԽԽ࿴ֵȺһٱӰӶûԹٸİЧʡ
︮Сү°ٷ֮Ѿȥûã︮͹ٸ˾ͻᵽˡ
СŮӿɷһ¹ݣʱºǰ
ûաɨһǰߣʵڲԸѹӵ
潲ԹӦԹߣЩȴ¥̷֮ס
ººһͣɫֱ䣬κֻǿŭƽ֪ººδ﹫ӣӸ֪
ºµѯʣػȤûˣתߵīŮǰī˻ȥһЦлл㡣
лŮӻֵ̿ؽӹīŵ
ŮӵĿ־Σ֮ǰֵǲ̫һ㣿
һֻ˲ʧӰ٣ȣĴֳֻСã̫
ģķһ£ٸԼһ裬˵ĺŶһᣬֿˣҲǼ顣
ººͼλŮӿλ衰ү衱һʱҲ֪ȥӦֻܾٸ
ÿÿ
ûһᣬٸ˹ȻˣΪ׵ĹٲһϱûȥĳʱԴˡ
̫ƽĶӣʺֶӣˣ
ٿһԸûƵġ衰ү衱λٲоԼˡ
ߡ
Ϊ׵ĹٲһҧȵѾܲôֻ࣬һһˣͷԻͷ˶š
ٲˣһҲץƨƨߵӭȥñҵ˶ٸԼԴ̫á
˹ٸûã︮˱㵽ˣֱӴ˳ȻӽηУȴ䡣
һӻǵһΣΪ֪ܿܳȥвûκεǡ
еģηУСľڵϻ̣ԼԼ壬ʼµĺܿ죬ģԽԽ࣬ÿһֽ֣ٲά衣
壬ƾ֣ԴٳٶʱҲףԼд˱˵ľ֣ᱻС
üͷԽ۾̣˼ÿһ
ΪλеҪɱ
£Ļ˭
ʱ̫̣鶼֪½֮ͨҹ쳣ķӦټϳһżԳ֮ӫѲ˸ϵ
ӫսû⣬Ϊ㲻ʲô飬ⶫʮҾͻһΣʱԣʱ΢Ҫ˱㶯ҡ˸ôǧĻʳͲ֪˶ٴΡ
ȻΪγ˴ķӦ
һ̾еľһףûв´һγʮа˾ǴĻʵּǲּ֪
ӫйأ֪ԲĻҪһǳһı
ô̾˵ͨˣһͲµĻʵͼµ˳ʱҪ賤֮óһĻ֮ǰ϶Ӷʱ䡣
뵽һһΪ棬֮˵ļƾ̫˺ˡ
ܿô࣬ΪһѷּƲ˲٣֮ȴδ鶼ԤϵУеļǳܹ
ܲңק˾Уܶܲ
ǿܣʵڲĻˣһСıĲףĻᶼûС
Ϊ֮ƣֻȾȳСӦԱ󲼾֮ˡ
ڣЩֽԲԹ壬ֻҪٴⴳУôǱ
Ҳˡ
Ŀ⿴ηſڣʱӦÿ쵽ˡ

̫︮ƽ鷿һֵ̿Ĺڵϣ鰸ǰһλӾ߬ȭͷ¶ʾѹֵŭҡ

̫ƽصһ鰸ϣŭ֮£˳ץϵ̨˳ȥ
أ
̨ڳͷһƬѪһԣһλ۵ȥһѱסӣ˫ŭ̫ƽүԼĶӱ˴㲻ͷҲͰˣ㻹𣡡
ס죡̫ƽŭΧ𵴣鰸ϵһ鰸Ȼķѡ
ҲŮ˲Ǹɣȥ䣬̫ƽһӣƷɨֱӽ鷿š
۵һŹرգټķֻʣ̫ƽڵϵĳһ̣ĸˡ
ĸ£֪̫ƽʵ
֪ͷ
ȫ¶Ѱĸ䣬֪̫ƽˡ
֪֪
ãܺá
һܺã̫ƽк޻ѹƣһǰһ˦ⳤϣصһɳ岽Զֱײϲͣ
̫ƽһȵĺ飬ʲộΨд²ܹϢ֡
ۡڵϣһѪ³߶£ʹѲҡ
鷿ҷʡûҵķԸ̤벽
˵̫꣬ƽ̧ȥſһŭĸˣԽ䣺ԷȥԼ̤Ű벽Լ︮ʲô˶ݵ£̫ƽ޶Ҳһ
ԣĻȴ˵仰֪̫ƽ˵ĳһĵ
ʱ󣬹ٸΣ֨ѽһŴ򿪺Ŀ״νӴ
̫ƽӦнˣһȴӶƽĿ˿κ
ʲô֣˲֪ã̫ƽȿʵ

Ӣ۳ꡣ̫ƽе֮ɫ̾
үǫӦ
ϧˡ̫ƽͻȻ̾ϧ
ȻӢ۲ʳʵϣܶʱ򶼾Ӣ۵ĸ߶ȡ
ǣΪ֪̫ƽеĿϧǺ⣬˵Ҫ
ʺɻã̫ƽǰɫʵ
Ȼش
߰ɣȥʺ̫ƽڵ
ֻкүһˣһֵˡ
ǣ̫ƽȻһЦشһӡ
򵥵Ļһ˿ƽ˾÷·˵һƽʵѡ
ǿʮ֮һ̫ƽ֣̩ɽ
һһĲǻҶ󣬻ǿʵ
︮Žյ鷿УѪ߲ϣȻɼһ̣ҵĿ𣬿ȵ˺ѷΣüͷ·䣬һĨ״ӡ֣īĿ쳣


12 
ɰҩԺڴߣȻδ˸УһִҲ빬Ψһ˵ϻˡ
ңеĹĶǡı޴ڣѷƣΪˣδ֮ĬĬذһ絣δ빬ĴСһ
ˣ
⣬𣬳عûɡ
ʺһˡ
ߣϤͷֱӺһЦݵǿߵ̫ƽ
硣
һеһĨڵ
ǣˡ
ǰȻȴϢİã̫ƽипǧ̾
һԣϵЦݺܲãŬ۾ûⶼҵĹͣҰϽҰ
ϧܼһͰѹˣ̫ƽѹûд˼ԣͱһߡ

ڳﲻѰ֮ˣݵļ󣬺ܿȶס񣬿һһԵڵ
һϲ𹦳ˣϽվıֱֱģ˼˵ɣء
ȳȥһ£Ҫ̫ƽ˵

ᱼߣһĸƵġ
ӣ
̫ƽȨƬ̣ڻǾһ³ǣȴֲʧƽģһŲӣúȻܹΪһ
ĿһǰߣԼĴ˿֮˿ǲ࣬һֶֻĹ
̫ƽ򵥵Ľշ˵һ飬ĳҲǰͷ˼ȷʵͬˣ̾ͬʱҲпԼֶĲ
٣ͷҲͰˣĪҪ˸ӵ֪֡ΪΣⲻ£ת
̫ƽͷţǣ˴γΪΣԼ˴ΣУɲһϽ·񡣡
ǵѡһ̾سҲ֪˱߾Σ֮£ͥѽȣĻʳ֮Ը裬ΨĸܰԮ
жţȴû뵽ͥճɴ󻼡̫ƽ˼أյ֮أȴɴıâʵϲ
д󲿷ֳӶԱͥӡͣʮǰԲΪ⣬ϧŪˣĻʺòȴͻҡ
ǳ쳣ʱҪĴ˭֪ʣ۾ԻԳܡ
ͥȻңııѲԵʵıһ£̲ݻ
ףҹ̵ĴڲĻԴǧ֯µӰʵ¡
̫ƽӹˣȻܲ³ĻʲɣǿûǿΪеĵز콵־ս𣬴˿̳Ǹҹƶ·õĽڡ
ߣ»ֻһˣͥҹ̵Ĵڣǣ˴̫ྫϾˣճڴµһЩпܻһˮ档
ӵԭǧĴ޵̫ãѳΪʸ֮ģߵȴֻһˡ
ԭطٸģͬһƬ⣬κ˶ҧһڣǿ壬˸ͷ񣬵·ĵĴƳ֣ЩǱȻ¶Ѿõ
ǣع
ʱȣ̫ƽϣٵ飬һԮĵΣһյõ⣬ʱѾ࣬ݲðԥ
ʱԺеȺΪȻϳС
ƹϲȥ̸󻹲Ǯҷٺ»ͻ㡣֮ʱĲߣ߶߶˰죬ֳɫԺ󣬲Ų鲻Ըظų˹
صʹѾڵĲٺˣ̫ƽԽ͵ź뿪ˡ
ô¡
빬֮󣬳֣ʹЩԣߣƺַʲô¡
ʲô¡סһ죬ʵ
ʺҹ鷿ŭѲʹ칧ص
һн֡
ȴȥҪȥһ͵Ը
ǡͷܹ˳ע⣬һĨǣǸɵŮˣɵ°
ߺδ빬ȥΪżû
صδ빬ط󣬱ͣĳԼסȥȴûз֣һ˫Ȼ˼ؿıӰ಻
ĺѩ
ƿţȷӰȾѪĵڴߣɫ󾪣Ͻرշţǰ߱ϴ
ۼĺѩҼѪȾϢ룬Ļ˵Ů֮𣬴һ˺ϵȴҼ罣͸壬˿ڡ
񼱣ĸ⽣Բˣĺѩ˻ԣҽ֪ƾΪΡ
ҩԣҩ
ĺѩıҩ˿ֻϣԼʣһţһҧҲܲô࣬˫
ûУ
һ̣ˣ֪롣
ô죬ô죬һθоԼ
һҪ취
Ƭ̣һᣬԥĺѩ㳯ȥҺǼģ𵽺ܺõΡ
Žʱ򣬺ܶ˿̳ȥõʱ
֪һߣΣߣĺѩͱɣʲôеˣҲų
ӦĺѩҪȥһҪ
أ
ʱصһı˴򿪣Ųһ٣͵һ¡
㡣
ǰϤٻӰ˿Һòǹнһ̣ٶȽ
ˣҳϳˣΪΣա
ôˡ
룬Լ¶ңһֱԣܲʲô
㲻Ǵ֮ˣô㶼ûвΨһĽͣ¡
ɫȻ԰ףſڣ
빬д̵ô̫ʧˡ
ɨһŮӣ䣬û뵽ʹĽѰõĴ̿;Ȼδ빬У̫ˡ
һ֪̾ٽã˺һߵӣʱصعرգһ¡
ԣҪ㿪ȴؿһͣϢ֮˰֣׸š
Ҳû뵽µĻһõϣҺոжССĻػʲô;
㣬Բסˡ
ĺѩ£ǰ˫˫Űò죬Ȼ⿪䱧ϡ
ŻţҴδжͻʺﲻ뷨ĵĺѩģңһҪҴӦģҲʧš
Ǻñ߶߶˵ţ֪һߣԶûĻᣬ䲻̶̼գǶõǸˣȴԸƭ
Щĺѩ㳯ȥٳǰͷһۣĿ⽻֯䣬һЦ
һо仰˵ȴһֱû˵㣬ô׿պ˭Ҫ㡣
Źرգȥϣŷţһ¡
֪ôԻǲԣǣ֪ڣղᣬպҲᡣ
ôɵô룬ôܱ򵥵סû㿪
ãôɵ


13 ӳʹ
δ빬⣬ƻͨʹһӽһӣ׳ۡ
ǣȥճδ빬űͣ²ӣһӽ·סȥ·
СкιɣΪǴδ빬߳ǰĽҲҵ
ʺмСĳȥ죬ʹϣΪ㣬ҪｻĲ£ܹæһ̡
˫ɨһӶ߹Ľ֮ɫջĿ⣬ǰ죬
⡣
¶ΪѣһʱҲԥ
̿ҹ鷿ǷѲ飬˵ǲְصġ
ʺҲǲݵģܾºδ빬˲ˡ
ǲţǻʺµʺȷϡ
˵䣬Ͻ֮ɫŨӻȡ壬ݵУߴٵ
ðɣ¾Сһ̡
һ壬һ˿ԥҲͷӦǻʺд
аһѡδ빬ǰסΪ˽ͽĽģٽ˶֪ä㣬ֻҪټԱļ
СͲǸ빬ûðɡ
Ը˼Ѳߣǰæǣһߣһʵ

Щ˼˵㣬شǰЩӸ빬չˣδ빬Щ¡
Сø˭֪ʺ£±Ϊ񡣡һЦ˵
Լǡ
ЦӦȴʮֲͬЩɵ϶óƭˣǲ֪±һҲǱ˺üΣڹңҲòŴż·ˡ
ӴⲻСôҪȥء
ûãͻȻ˲ԶһѼɤӰжʱһһá
ȥһλʯɺ׳ۣ÷ͷȸëⱦʯñӰЦɰ
誹ʶˣһ֣Ǵк
轫誻Цеʵ֪СҪȥ
Сʺ֮£´һ̣ԹλСʶ
΢΢죬Ļߵʮأλͬһ㣬ʶһ빬С̫ࡣ
һѡ誷һ䣬ûжʲôߵһЦлСӣۼұ£û뵽ʺһҪδ빬ź
ǺǣɵЦιȥ֪Ȥûжͣ˵ʲôǵˣ㻹Լͳȥɡ
ΧһȦƤЦⲻЦصʹңҪúü鰡öʧʲô
һɫ΢䣬ϱ̬
Ϊѵؿһۣ˵δ빬ĲǲùʣԹѾѣٲ飬Щ˵ȥˡ
轫ذ°ɣСһЩڣ
˵ͷǰһƿ׼顣
ڶӣһѹһߵӣ۾һ߷һߣٴһȻǰ˴
ڹеְѽʮ꣬ϵⶼǹгõĶǾۼֵֻ˵ôˡ
δ빬䱦֮࣬һһɱȵģ͵ʵǵòʧ
ѽСġ
һõӰᵽһʱɫһ䣬
žһĴ¶ˤڳУϡﻩ
¶֮ɫ˸߽±߼Щˣʺｻļ˵Ͳټ飬£һżͰ¸ˡ
ɫҲѿ˵Ĳʲô챦Ͼδ빬Ķһʺｻ֮ȻҪ;뵽ɫƵĿһ誣̫࣬ϼһ£Ҳ᷸ȴ
·һ̾ǿЩ飬СҲøϽʺ
ûнƸ˼ǰߵӡʱãٱȽһһԿЦ誣˭Ļ˭Ļŵ롣
뵽ӽɫüˣСϽɣĪҪ˻ʺĲ£鶫֮£Сһе
л
¶м֮ɫȴ΢΢Щ飬ô壬ԼôǲЩã
ȻεͷֻһţʧӰ١
ԻҲ˭
ϧһֱеǣҲñ
οʹһС̫࣬ҲʲôԶء
ǣץҪˣ
һԣ調ûʲôһЦﳤȥŵ̬ȣʵ˲ˬ
˼ǣҲ²ԭΪΣ誽棬̸ʲôԹڵһμʱ誻һѵ˼ټ̬ȴˣҲ֪ڳĹϵ
ʹ֮УϣѡվλҪʮа˾վǱߣŶԳ﹬г¶֮⡣
ϧżúһϼһ
źҡͷͷһ
߰ɡ

ɫЩ仯ΪΪĻܷԵʣ뵽ڽճ֮ûлͱһơ
Լûע⵽δ빬̶̼գ»뷨վڳȥжϡ
вϣԹǧ㲻ãĵȴ˵ûѻߵߵǣ޹ңȴʼղ¡
֮·˳гĻͣعŵĽ֮ˡ
û˻뵽ŻͻʺһͬعС̫ĳϾȻдĻʲҹ鷿Ĵ̿͡
˹̼ɰҩķȥһֱ¶֮ɫ̤һ·
һʱͣҩſڣӳڲ·һڽĺѩǰһ߿ҩľţԺȥ
ƹ񣬿ˡ
ǰԺôĶƹ߳Ҫŭǳ⣬һѹ˻ʶĿƵ߻ĺѩϡ
Ȼһ֮£ƹҲ
Ͻݡ
ۿŮΣգƹ񵱼кݣĺѩºǰϡ
ȥҵ㡣ƹһ߲鿴ĺѩ飬һ߼ؽ
á
ҵ飬̱ǰãѰƹҪ֮
Ƭ̺ƹȻվһԣŵĿš
վţϽȥˮԽԽáƹȡ룬׿һǳ
áͷּææܳӣȥˮ
һӺڳһˮȻȶһˮƹѾڸĺѩʩ룬ɫ࣬Ϊרע
һᣬƹĶͷѾˮʣ°׵ĳ͸ϣǱ
ƹûóҲȥţֻԱߣȴ
ԼĪһӺƹƣվӻ˻Σûվȡ
ˮպˣƹסӣʵ
պˡæش
ԡƹƣ
ҡ𣿡һ㶣ܵˣָԼͰ͵
㻹𣿡ƹ˦һ仰ȻȻسȥ
ˮ̫ȣ΢̼ɣעʱ䣬̫̣Ҳóһʱ
ááߣѾɵˣʶͷӦ


14 ʱѱ
ɰҩԺæһʢˮԡͰֿ˿ϵĺѩһʱһͷѻǲѣ
Ĺȥ
Լģֻģ֤ԼĹΣ³ǲǿԲСڣ
˵Լ֣ȴ˻ͻȻ뵽ʱŮʵͦصģԼô³ҲƺҲ㲻ʡ
ƹ㺦ˣԹĺѩƬ̣һ̾¶ġ
Ҳ˭
һᣬСߵǰϸֿĺѩȷʵһʱѹӣŷĵȥ
š
ͻȻĺѩһһʱŵһ£˲ջء
Ҳ̫ˡ
ɥŸ̿ĻʶҴɱĺˣʲôƾҪ̫ˡ
һ·˺һԼ۾в̾˾Ҳ
˫ۺ󣬵ȷɶҲˣ̾ͬʱЩźӦһԣ˰һֳƺޡ
֪Լ㲻ƽ⣬Լȷƽ£ĺѩ·Ҳ̫ѣĹ͸㶨ˡ
ֻڼûʲôСĵ֫Ӵʹ⿴ˣȻҲϡ
Ƭ֮СĵؽĺѩԡͰУŽ⿪˫ɵĲһԼ˫֣ɵɵһЦͲϴˡ
ʣµͺðˣԡͰߣÿһӾͼЩˮȥڼɵɵصȴʱ䡣

ͻȻԡͰ֮УĺѩһʹĳţһѪ˲Ⱦǰˮ
ĺѩ
ǰȴ֮ĺѩֹ
ɡ
һɣȴŸʹĳĺѩˮĽȻʱΧη׷ɣľɢ䣬ԶҲ꼰ɳȥ
صһײǽںˤϣ۵һѪŻȻ˲ˡ
ǲ
һǵѪϽǰ鿴ĺѩ

֮䣬ĺѩһǰδüڣٶȻ˹ȥ
һȥǰ߾ڣʱһ
ϸ鿴һ£ŷĺѩɫ֮࣬ǰ˺ܴͬ
ⰤǧƹҲ˵һˡĺѩû£Ż۵ֱֵ
ż죬ѪµѪϵǰ뱲ӵˣôȥûóץȥˣҲѪˡ
Ȼ죬ٶ۾ĺѩˮ˳ȻֱشϸϱӺֽ⿪˫֮ϵĲ
űߣипһμʱȻ¶ˣŮ˻ôƽ
ડ
ʱͻȻñһȣһεѪʳ˳ͻǰǴۡ
ɫѵõһ죬˼Ƭ̣ûҪƹһãôûϢһǸղűˡ

Ƭ̺
ƹ񷿼䣬ŵؿŸƹº˵ʲôڸܴҩɾ֮Ļ
ûд󰭣ҩͺáƹƽջ֣ڵ
һãղԼԵ޹Ѫǵĵ׷һ䣬ûҸղŻѪˡ
ԣƹ񵭶Ƴһ˸λ⣬ҿٸ㿪һλҩ
ȿȣͬáоȣϽιȥؾ
ֵܣ㲻ѾͻʺһعΪΡ˵ƹ֪ͣЩܲ˵Ͼǹе飬ʵ̫ࡣ
Ǻǣ
ΪѵһЦ˵ѣ˵ʵֻɵЦȥ
ΪѣƹҲǿˬȻֵܲԸ˵Ҳǿѣ⼸գֵܾͷڴס°ɣλƺת߲١
лƹ񡣡мһ֣л
ˣպҪȥҪ˼һ£ЩϾǳ֮ƣôһ뵽ˡ
ɲұ֤Ź˽ԳɲģǴųġ
˵ǱץȥСȫ飬˵ǳͺ󣬵⹴ĶǵĹų֮Դ¿ˡ
ͷԼӣûӰ⡣
Ϊ˳ûҴκֵǮĶ˳壬Ҳ
֨ѽһƿţ򴲱߰£ؿŴϵĺѩʮа˾ҪߵģҪԼŸƤһߣ

뵽һ£ͻȻ֣ĺѩ֮⾹Ȼһ֪Ǽٻδ֪֮
˲оԼɵΪôһ׷ǹʡŮӣһʹԼСңСպܱܲס˵
ϰ
һ̾˰Ȼ̫׳ŵĻ˵ġ
ϣں˼жȹ֪Ϳڴ˯ˣƹһȥǰæµûйš
ضЩۣԺһ۷һ˫۾ûӦִ̧˸к硣
һδ䣬һվ󱳺£Ծ˺Ц㡭ˡ
ĺѩɫûʲô仯˵ͷƽɷرһ£Ҫ¡
Ȼ
תߣ˵Ϊ˾ˣվЩ׵ʱŮ̫ϿΪĳǻס
ĺѩƽһ˿Ҳ̫ࡣ
ֻж̶̼գȴ࣬ϸȻЩλã̫ʵõĲʵһֱԼһĸо
£ˮµһգĴǷ񻹻˻ǵá
죬ĺѩ߳ɫԲ԰ףȴڲסǶ˵
л㡣
һлշһУĺѩ˵ƽȴегġ
Ĭգ˾֪˵Щʲô˼ԡ
Ҫˡ֮ĺѩڣ
ô죿һ̧ͷǰ߽գʧ
ѾãʱҪȥˡĺѩؿһȴᶨûκת
𣿡
䣬Ī꣬ôѹҲѹ£ͷ·ҪʧȥҪĶƵġ

ĺѩףɫһƽ˿ֲ
ǣףһ·ƽԵټһЦѵ
ĺѩһ̾Ҳ˵һ衰Եټ衱ſڣȴû˵ڣһһöɫֽų֣ݵУ㣬Ī֪ҲĪҪκ˹ۿ
ʲôõġӹֽţС֣ʵ
ķĺѩ
ǿõģ˵ĶԻЦ
ĺѩҲ¶һĨЦݣ׵
ǵñԼĪɵ¡ٱڼվĲ£
ĺѩĵ˵ͷɫҲ
Ҫˣһɡ̫أ쿪˫ۣЦ
ĺѩ΢΢һȴûж㿪뻳С
һҪúõġ
Ż㣬˫۲Ծֽ˽·ҪݸоԶС
ĺѩˣů΢΢ʧӰ٣ʹʹ˵
еĽɫֽȻŵѪɵȻ֪ķΪһЦĺѩðΣҹĻʵ鷿ɵۡ
ֱǶһ֪˷ǳѵ֪ѵš
ѹֵһĨ죬һΣվȡ

Զƹһ̾ȴûǰ߶ˡ


15 ̸
պҲƹˣУƹһöСԪȨ·ϵ̲
еӣʱֵͶϲˣ峿˸׵һɶ
лƹЦ·û˵ȥΪҲ֪Լȥ
Ϊץȥ뿪ʳõѡȨ֮¾֮ǰҪȥһ̸󣬻Ǯ
Ľֵǽ⻹ǵһĴ䣬棬ǸҲϡ
ôԽҲȳ˳ǣС⣬ȢĹޣֻҪץӻǺõġ
Žӵʱ򣬽ֵβͻȻ죬УһŻȴЩֵĶԲԶǰ̯λ׷ÿԷסǰ·
漫ʹߺôų
ȺУ۷׷ףŲ֮飬Ȼ漫ʹûʲôøС
ٶ漫Щ˽⣬漫λڴĶ򣬹ȴƨһѣߺԼµһ²ϣĿ̵ᷳˣֱӻӱ漫ƨҷһ
ȻЩĳںƽ֮漫߿һЩ漫Ϊۣһƣ򶫱ĲºѾһּˣȴĻǿѹ
վȺпϵʹߣ̧֣ݺݵرһָ˳ʺһºȫҡ
ݵķ粨ʰ̸ȥʹߵ飬óͷȥɡ
̸ǰȻһ壬Ҳʱٽ磬ʱ˭̻֮ͣ
ĴУֻһĨ¾ڵš
ˡºЦȻ
Ǯ˵ֲЦˣһһĵŮӣеĶʼЦѻõһһģŵһ衰ˡ衱תߡ
ºסȥ·ȻЦ
ţüͷһ壬һӣˡ
ºµһЦڵӵ˶£һԣӴβ߿Զһܹ

ˣЩ飬¸ˡ
ı飬ºиеʮֽ˵̸֪еξϺõľƣǳԻʳе֣֮СŮ湫ȴѻĲǮӻһһʮӣڹôʹĹǮ͸ȡһɡ
һ١һָͰ͵
ºµ˵ͷЦԽˣţ
ִӻмҵ˳͵ɡֻʣ²ӡ
ƹһСԪ˸ձģʣµĶˣΪϺܾã뵽Ҫһô޴ծ
ӿԻؼȥȡСŮӻ﹧򡣡ºЦţ衰ġ衱ѵ
زȥˡޱȾɥҪܻؼҾͺˡ
ûǮˣºһʵ
ûǮˡͷ̾
ºϵЦݵʧǾӻծɡ
غøϴ·
ǡ䣬һλԼĪʮС߳Żûع㳯ȥ
ҡҡ
Сﳶӣ߱߻ͷŽȥô£ż·ء
ʲôңǷ½Ǯôţ½þˡݵźߵ䣬קá
̣̣ЪŰɣЩ·ϴˡ
һôԺ㿴λһæµǰ䣬Ŵľȵ
ô࣡
ĸСɽƵûָΡΡ
Ҫϴʲôʱ򣬶ҡһûϴ»
㣬Ҫû㷹ԡһװͰ͵
ϴϴʲôס
ֹһ䣬ĥĥ·ԣһ߻ﰲοԼвŮ
֮׼󿴿ַܾٵʲô
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˰죬㷢ʲô̧ͷʵ
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ˡһ䣬ǰù·ԵİӣĴľϵ·ûôϴ
ҡһУоԼסˣҪϴ·ͷˡ
úϴǰһ顣һ仰С뿪ˡ
ŶѵСɽһ·̾һ֪ͼ̫ˣǿ뻢ڣҪһ·ͷ󰡣
УߵСɽҲԽԽ٣ڣϦ価֮ǰһҲϴϣһʹͷۻһͷԵϡ
ϴˣͦ
׼ʱ鿴ԺƮ·ص˵ͷ
߰ɣҴȥԷ
˵һ䣬׼ߣȴվһСһ棬˵û𣿡
ʱĻܵСѾͷ飬̧̧֣кһ£顣
ļٵġŰɵ˹˵㲻ռұ˰ɡ

㱻СѾͷĻҭ۾ʶƳһۺߵؿڣ˵̫ƽ
ɫǡĿ⣬Сһ죬̧źݺݲһ£Ȼˡ
ڣ
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Ϊˣʵɣ˵뱻гƬһĿ˦㣬ɡ
һһǰһҲ֪ˣ漫ʹߵΪأ͸һδĻᡣ
ԥ룬΢΢˵ͷԭûпԴ˼ֻһ̫£ôһʵڳ
ôû뵽ûӦСӳҪԼ͵͵ܳȻɹˡ
￴΢Ͱ֣Ȼ飬һΣģӣô㷣֮꣬ڲ̤δ빬벽
ꣿƵ죬ȴа飬лҪлл䡣
һСŹѾȲ֪ôԼ飬С̫෸µĴ󣬽꣬ʵ㲻ʲô
´꣬ʰ˼תص漫ʹߵϡ
ǾŹ㻹δɫܵ
Źá
ܰһμʺ򣬶ʱЩ֪ôˡ
ϣ﷽ѹµĻһڼúýһʲô߰ġ
ǡӦһε
΢΢ѹص֮ǰԿԽ漫ʹߵ⣬ǷΪ棿
ԣܰ꽿Ҳһӿ˺üεС̫࣬ʵţ˶⡣
ǧȷ;ŹõЩסʵش
Ҫʲô
һĨ֪СȻëһѣȷʵϻ۹ˣؼʱǿ˹Ŀ࿴
͹ףһˮҪùġɫ
ǲȥȡ
ǡ첽뿪
ϾĹ򣬳˵ԼʣѵмӴ׵ķԹ֤ʵС
ȷʵС˵ͷ
ȡΪм˴ף׷ʱ²ʮȣÿοĺ޲ȥһơ
ЩУ˶ĵسƴʮʮȱڣѲóݣʵ΢ӱ֪֮ʱ¶ȴﵽʮ飬˭еĴԼˣ
ʵϣдֻǴˮķеһһʮȣˮķеԵ͵Ҳһٶȣ߻ҲҪһٶȲŻڣʱȥҪ˵˵֣һţҲˡ
ûĴ˵ٴŭ˳пͷˡ
˲һᣬδ빬еС̫͹ŮǱ͹Ժм룬ȻǲеĹŮ̫ࡣ
ܰߵԺУʲô취
͹»ŻҲīˮһ󵷹ģˮȻóһƬƬСƬһӽ͹
󽫴׵վһĵص
ô򵥣ﾪȵʵ
ô򵥡ʵص˵ͷͲʲô鷳¡
ȻûжãڿʼðݣԽԽ࣬ԽԽ
ԣڽ
Űɵǰַ͹Ϸоȷʵ̺㽫˽ȥ
¸ոЩȣˣ֮⾹Ȼô׾ͱ⿪ַȷʵһʱ֪ôԼ˼
ˣԼӽɣ;ŹҪ˵Ƭ֮󣬳عһϵͣƽ˵
Ƶص˵ͷжĥɱ¿ӲţˣΪʰ
ͷɥ뿪¶һĨЦݣһܰ꣬·˰ɣ
лĸ󡣡ܰеʯͷʱ£˲٣ȻһЦ
Сӣˡ
ο֮࣬ԲģٴСһ̫аǳȷţֻҪһлСһٴ͵͵ܵһҵѾЩٸСӵԸٷ֮ٻصҲҲĵط
Ӧ
󣬳ֿߵŮϸܰ꣬յ飬Ī˵𣿡
ܰסܰ˵ͷɫ
ˣҲˣȻȥɣȥ͹һУеƣҲβסֵ
Ůˡܰȥּ⣬žŹһ¡
δ빬⣬ܰ꿴̲סʵ㣬ʲôΪĸһ棿
ĬƬ̣ڵūֻ˵һڹ̣ûпܾͻزˣԭ򣬱ֻɹȥˡ
˵ԥһ£Ǽ빬ãԹеĹвպð˹ܹдƽϡ

ܰͷȴ棬ԸȻʵ׽ĸһμôһˡ
бҪ˸֪֡


20 ҹ̸
ϡҹ΢δ빬УԼĴϣתɫֽϵķ
ףҵء
ھտգΪ⣬´ֱֱķȥ
㣬˯û
䣬ƻδϨ̧ѵţ
Уտ׼ޣߵĽԴһۣεǰš
ʲô¡
뿪ţӵǰû
Ҫ˯˰
һɫ˯Щ˼ȥأ߹ġ
̫࣬˭
֤ƤǺܺģǳԾԼƿЩţ󷽷˽ȥ
ԶԣƤʲôġ
㣬ҵûˣ֪֪ô¡Χ£ʳԼʣ컹أⶫҲܶ
һؿһ֪ô˻£СӵķȻŮӽ̸ģȵǣһʣôǸ¡
ķҪ֮Ժ㣬ǰڼΪҪκʱ¶ҷģҹĿľȹ
˵һת㣬Ҳָܳʲôɡ
еԼžһ˶ǳش̫۸ˣ
Ҫȥ˯ˣټⱻսᣬػҪˡ
ˡ£
Ųһ٣ֻ˻һݸ۰Ͱ͵ֺõ㣬͸ҽɡ
ӹ裬һڣʲô
еĵȼǲǷֽ𵤣ԪӤɽʲôģоǿǲһ־ѡժգУһ̶ǲǾͿԳС
˫룬޵YYУǰûĽЩеò˵ķǴڵģҲƭ˵ģôΰǲǾͿʵˡ
ףô˵˵˰һﲻʵ
ǲû˯ѣɨһ
֪Լֱˡ
в豭ϣε治֪㶼ǴЩ߰Ķ˵һûҲû
ˣʵôֺ͸߸֣
죬졣ش
ʲô硣ˡ
ĺѩ˵ǿһ˵ҪǿһЩȻһֱڴţûĺѩ֣ȴ֣ôصȻһͿ
Ƚ϶ԣĺѩͬѧսͲ˵㣬Σһαˣһ˹ȥǱˡ
뵽ˣֱضȴش
ûֱŤȴҲʵ۷塣
ҲôذʧΪҲܻ쵱ôһ˵ĺѩ쾳ĸ߸ˣڻʹ첻һˣٸҲ²˵ʹ˶࣬࣬˭Ҳܲס
ʧı飬û֪ϵǿܹм𣿡
ںʵ
ƽָ
ô٣һأֵˣΪ繷ء
Ϊ쾳ô״ﵽġͣһ£ں˲֪ж٣ܳɹֻôλ
Ƕģ
ҹλĺ͹ͥһλһλϵĶȶС
ֻһЩʧҹ̶Ǹ֪ĸ깵ĶȶҲһôȴֵֻһǿߣ˲ˬ
ֽλǿһһܸλǿ߷ֱҹ̵֮ȶµס֣ԺԺбͥĽȹʦ
ĽˣֱŹ⣬ôŰǿߣžô硣
˵ƶϣĺѩΪδ죬ҲӦòĲԶˡ
ãĪҪ͵вĵطʱҡһ䣬Ȩ󣬾ĺѩͬ뷨ָֻķκʽ
Ȼ֪룬ΪҵһλõʦˣСЦĸһлл㡣
õĴ𰸣ػȥˣ⣬һҪúɫֽϵķ㲻޵УôҲǿ壬Ȼ󡭡һ·
ò˵Ұȷʵ󣬵ȻҪԭڵ̫ǿһͳԵģòʱΰıһһһ·˵
ëүү˵һзɶֽϻϧﲻֽϻĸϻ
뿪Ϸ¶һĨɫ
ʵƶϣߵλŮӾҹʹĴ̿ͣ˵󲻾ĻĻʵҲģΨһںֻгǿǿܼϸղСӡ
ֻǣãλŮΪλķ
ûܱʵĻϴһһѻǿ֣˵ͨ˼
Ȼʮǰϰ䣬һϲͨСӣȻûָϡͿؾ޳̫˼
䣬߲ǴײˣһץץһѣͬһʤƵ϶˵ģж٣
򵥵˵ʣʦָҪ޳Ҳº飬ԼǾҪˡ
һ󵨵Ĳ룬ҡҡͷӦò飬ΪѾǧ꣬ÿҲҪ쾳
ȥҲ벻ֻͨʱѹеʣʱ̽һľֻҪķȥˡ
֪뷨ȻŵĻ궼ûˣǰЩڴȰҩ֮ԸƹΪƹ֪Ǹ빬С̫࣬ʱж̣ûдı仯Ҳ
ͬ۷壬ھĸ֪ԶѰֻܼԼע⣬жϳ̫ûлʹ֤עˮƷ
һҹעǲƽһҹٲƽǹȥˡ
֮ųȥ͵漫ʹ߸ޣڳڵеȺ
ٹ֮ףһƽˮĮѣκγ¡
ƽٹٵɫЩأһЩϴۿڣдѪɫ˯β㡣
ĵĳӻͣţٲҡ
Ӵĵ۹޵еĻʳǶʮʿ㾡ѪģÿһضȾһһ˵ѪζκȾ֡
ĵǿżȻϾǴͳҲǴУǾƾһҳϣ޵һǧ꣬һǧꡣ
Ļ볤ˣ漫ʹ߽ۺͬŶʹأǽģǰеǣĴȱ
漫ʹϵĸͬ飬Ż죬Դţǿ׶Ҫ̵ȥ
ճ˺ܴĵطڳߣĻ·վ񿴰׳һ漫ʹߡ
Ļʣ֪ҵ⣿漫ʹ߿ڣ
ʹߵ±֪ˣ硣ĻʵȻڣ
ͬһʱ䣬üͷ΢һ£ͷڳ˵һ仰Щԣ漫ʹ˽ϰ֮ˡ
һУһ¾ô¡
ȥй
ǡ
Ȼߣٳδ빬ȥ


21 ʣ˭
ڸ
ˢƵˢ׵ģëģˢһ»ëġ
ޡ
ޡ

ģеضǰˢëޱרעʲôʱĶ֪
ء
һǴк
㣬ߡ
ûշϻҪߡ
һûüȿˮΣͱˡ
һ£ȿˮ
ˣһеʱȡ

࣬һһбҲһԡ
קţδ빬͵ľ룬ֻյĹ㵽ˡ
·ϣе˵һ飬ţдǱ漫ʹߵΪ˲ҪزҲˡ
ʵ͹ȡһѵһȡ֮ˣǰ漫ʹȡѡҪɶԷҲǺҪκΣĵľǵ͹漫ʹ߲Ҫĳ̶ȡ
У漫ĴֻܹˣҸϰ֮ôѡ
Ҳʶһź֮ʱ佫͹Ҳд󰭣һѡ̫Կˡ
󣬿ٶ˼䣬˼顣
Уüɫеĵ
￴ű֪˵ͷ
ȥš
΢΢ףʾҲֻˣһ֣ʤãҲҪƽ֡
˼üɫҲǣȥš
£ڳ漫ʹ߾ߣһʳһ͸裬ʼɡ
ûˢ꣬˵Էˣ뵽漫ʹߵĿ͸ˬ¶ư΢Цݣʺȫҡ
ȻоԱһĿʱһ
򡭡
ŮУ˵ĺѩŹܰԲκˣ۶ׯȻʲãǸƫҲѵһŮӡ
ȻŮѾڵģ߷գȻĽһһջˮ
ȻҲ˵˵ѣҪĳһӲ̫ؼ֣򵥵˵ǣĺѩ̫䣬Ź̫С̫ףۡ
Ůŵĸоòãʱ˵ãһ΢Цȥһơ
Դһٵͣûϳһ빬͵ʱûмƽϣ˭֪ôġ
ѵĿֻһû̫ͣãһҲԻ
֪ѼѾ˵յ£Ȼڸղſʱ˭ǰǳ
ջĿ⣬΢΢һЦ񣬵ǣʶļλݺһ
Ȼע⵽һĨĿ⣬ȴûţȴ׼
۵ϯУ̫ע֮ˣ˿ʺС̫ЩҲ̫ϣϾǧʷУ̫ܳΪ˵Ľ㡣
ĻɫȻƽϲŭܽôĵ۹ػʮ꣬˵ӹһǴ˭Ҳš
ҹĻͨԣյ鳤ǡ
Ļʲȳﰲţû˱˽ⳤԸʮɰգ֡
ҹ˴Ļܼ򵥣ֻһ䣬һ֣Ĳ䡣
˼ԣҪôƽ֣Ҫôʤ֡
ĻϲикõĽǷóﰲš
漫ʹҲھȣڲ֮أòһʱ̡
ȴãڻվڳʾ׼á
΢һף¶ɫؿĻʣ˵ͷ
͹
յʾ⣬ĻʲٳĬּ
ʱһŻ¯ľ޴͹ſڣ͹ʢĻȥˡ
ʹָѡĻʿڣ
ĹԱӲԾ˲Ҳ˵Ǿֻ̰ǴĿ־ˡ
ʵϣЩˣ漫ʹٴ󵨣ҲڴĵĳϱƵôĵĳ͹
ѡʵѲ룬޷ǹŮС̫֮Ȩصˡ
ٽһ룬ϰ֮ˣܣŮŮӣŲϧ֮ˣҲԸⵣһŮ˵Ķʣµģֻʣ¡̫ࡣ
ܴı˭ףԴ͵ı˭ҪǳϲԣѾˡ
˵Ķ˵ˣƾʲôҪȥֺõ顣
λС룡
漫ʹǰһ͹鿴ްתڵɨһȦһ۱㿴Դ͵ݺʣͺʣַϰ֮ˣֱ͹ѡ
֪漫ʹ룬һԩϰ֮˰ǰ
ϧһδƷĵ֣컹ΨһһŪˣҲֲñû
漫ʹѡľȻˣ֮಻һ˿ڴǵǣһֱڸĴڣΪ˻䲻еİԣĹͣûκαʾĻǰȥ֡
ֻǣݵദԽԶڸĹâˣ֮ڴҲ뿴âյĶԶ
Ȼĸ飬Ҫ򵥶ˣΨһĵľСӻ᲻ѽյĳڵ߰㡣
𣿲ˣ𣿲룡Ϊ̫࣬ôְ̫ͷͷ̫ܹܣ
ԭ⣬Ҫ·ģڹдһӡ
֮԰ﳤһҪһŭ𣬻оǳ㲻
ģ֪ӽպ󣬻ʺ۾Ļʣ߳һԼһ֪ˡ
ǵңĻˣˣҲˡ
еԥһȣʲôţȥбţ
ѵԴ΢һ㣬֪Ƕ㲻ġ
УֲĵĻͷһ۳˼ǣ˵һҪ㻰
ûǻʺһС̫඼ˣʺҲõˡ
е͹ʼðݣ¯ĻƵۣ˵ȣ͹ðҵʱ򣬽쵽͹֮ϣȻڵе漫ʹ߲һЦ͵үġ
漫ʹһڣ䲻֪С̫˵ʲôƨҲ֪ʲôû
һ뵽һСӵĸ첲ҪըĪ
˽ȥ˲侫ʡ
ȥˣ
УڳƤһСʶܹͷٿȥ
˻У˫۸죬ڲǸ첲ǻζ͹вϽ¯УصĻ硣
ˣ漫ʹЦĸӲˣ·͹ڵĲһС̫ĸ첲׵ĴĻʳ
Ȼһ̣漫ʹϵЦȴס
͹ǰһ˫߶µ֣մ͵ȥ֣ȴóһϸë롣
ҲУҲû˵ϣʹС̫˵ϣԼֱۣݿĥֱ졣
̫ҽ֮Уȵеˡ
ģ
֪λ󳼣˵ǰǣ͵һӣ
ţкһƬΪ¸ҵģİģ۵С̫Ȳʡ
ĻʽҲ΢΢һĨ⣬ܵ˲伴š
̫ҽܿˣһǰ̫ҽߡ
һصɨһ漫ʹߣڵ
ǡ
⣬ߵǰ·͹ڡ
򵥵Ķתе漫ʹˣƽ漫䣬ȴ֪ʵ
䣬ǰһĮ
ʣ˭


22 
赭дһ仰ò죬ڳһֿʺ˭֪Ůǻʺ֮ˣ˿̳սζʲô
˼Ѻԣʺˡ
һ̣ĻӶ΢΢һ֪Щʲô
ȻĻʱϾûзĬս
ڳڴĻͬʱ໹ʺΪ
Ϊ漫ʹ߷ѡߵˣ
֮У̫ʶ΢յֱˣ·ʲôû
ѽĵһĨЦ⣬֪ǵʺﶨȻΪôһĵɶֱʮа˾Сֲ̫ϵ
ò˵Ů˵ĵеʱǸµĶѺ޸ݵĲ²޽ӽʵ
漫ʹɫܾʣ֪ĻΪûֹֺƣ䣬ܻǾܾѡ
գ漫ʹ߻Ӧˣûʲô⣬Ӧɡ
һȥ
漫ʹһʮҵӦ߳һĺɫɫԲ԰ףȥŲͬ˵ĺ塣
һ۱㿴ΪһŲƷʵǿ֮ˡ
ֻ죬оƷվƷˣǿеǿߡ
ǿֻˣôǿ֮һ
ˣȻʮգϾ˵ĺأôȬ
ƶκǿߵӰ춼ǼΪصģеʱֻδƷĵ֣˵ظɵһصľƷ߸Ҳǲܡ
ԴˣԣǰĶ֡
͵У䶷˲㼫ٶȣһֻϸֱֱ̽һĿڣ򵥵ʽȴ˻˻ƿεۡ
һɫ΢䣬һȻֻʼӰУѱܰ֡
һֱֺãԵĹҪһдݻٽһж־
һɫһٱ仯ǰŮӵľҪȻ֮ȴһ˿Υ֮С
һΥ֮ʲôƣ˼ơ
֮˽֪岻սοƸش
ԣ㲻һȻȥ㣬󣬽۷壬ȭӲֻϸµ֡
ý˵׼ֻҪϵԽãʤҲԽ
˭֪˽Ӵһ̣Ĺ˲תֻƣܿǰȫһȭɲǣһӡһҼ硣
أһ£һҼ̱һѪȻһٶȴﵽ£Ӱƹһֻϸٴ¡
ȻǼ򣬲һλ磬һһ˲ɶ̣֮һѪŻɫѩס
һЦˣҲǾƷ㲻۷壬ҲڱƷܡ
Խս콾ǰĽһԶûʸ
һˣܵĺУǽսӦĲ࣬ǾʵĲࡣ
漫ʹߵɫѿûϵĻʺһĹŮгƷʵû뵽һ֮ܵ죬ƷƷв࣬ûвһѹԵʤ
еպܹ죬֪ʱ͵͵˻վڳʹұͿ˰ɫҩ࣬һ첼ƽ첲ڲϣȥ˲ˡ
ߵĳӿĿ֮ɫС̫಻
ûǻϷģֲǻģΪһľڣˡ
á˫ֱȭ
һɫֱ䣬ջ˫ľʹȭ
һһĨЦݣõ񻨿һ
￴⣬ڵҳйһ䣬漫ʹһѡѡ񡣡
ЦȴҲҵΥּ⣬һǷлʺ䡣
һɫûʲô仯
һ漫ʹߣֿ˿ʹˣĿƵ˵Ľһϣ¶΢ɬȻλ˫ްôλɡ
ԣ漫ʹ˫һ䣬Ŀ⿴һѯʵΣ
ʹ
һǿʹ
á
漫ʹص˵ͷɨһ۳С̫࣬к¶
ſڣȴɢǹˣһǰŻ벻׵͹ת㾡ȫұ֮ϣȻȻ˽ȥ
˵Ľҵʹһֱϵ쳣ңй͸ƤӾҵʹ
һ̣漫ʹһڳ￴һʼտСԴЩʲô
ʱԽĳһʼɫѿȴȻû͹еϸ룬׼ȷ˵û𣬶Ǹûҵ
һĻЦ춼ϲˡ
ҪҵŹ֣ӣ
ﲻ⣬Ļʲ⣬漫ʹ߸Ӳ⣬ؿʱһȥһȴȻûаó

ȶϮһĵʹһˣֱ۴˳
̫ҽ֮ڣʱЩ֡
ˡ
漫ʹһߣһ۹صĽһڵһ䣬յʱһڶֵĿһҲٿյʱ䣬ϣʱĻʺͻʺﻹôõ
䣬漫ʹߴ˳ȥҲϵĽһһۡ
һԴڵϣӲϲ֪۵ģԭ򡭡
ὫɢĻãʱ͵صĿһۣϲûϲţһ亹
֮ӹ·ǰʱһͣȴû˵ʲôֻһЦȥ
߰ɡ
黹ţع
޵λظں棬һԱһ߻Ҫ㳤ĺ
ʾΪѾˣ˭֪漫ʹ߱޳ܣֱӴĸ֡
ԣССؼ˵ϣԭ׼ͻɴͣ˳˽һͷеܸߣӽİٶȣͨ͵һ˫۲ˣȣȻ޷̫á
ΪǽһѰе롣
棬ĵطһѰôã˵ôҲܽ˳
ʣ˼һЦ΢ɬǸģѻУҪ˵ҲҲˡ
֮ǰע⵽оƷܶ࣬Էɹйһ롣
ڶٶʱͻۻ͹δʱѾʣǽһҪ̳ͳˡ
˼ĵ˵ͷֵĿ⿴һе˸Ĺâ˻ëȻ
ڨڨһЦ֪ԴЩϡŹֵĶ뷨ˡ
˵˵ţδ빬ˣָ̻Ӳŵıʣ٣ˣѾˣȥɣҪϢˡ
֪ʲôбȱ컹졣
ֻǣ֮ǰ̲סһ䣬Ǹһá
ܵĲҪҲġͣûлӦƽؾ

ҹǵ㣬УɫâʢХȣһȦȦֵʤգһٳһؿ֮ΣΪһžƣɢԪ֮
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⣬ŵͣվſڲҴţеΡ
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ΣĪҪġ
ۼ֮𵴣ɢһϢǿлסڲϱɢɫһȵ


23 Ƥ
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᣿
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ԼôʱʹɫŽɢȥعƽһɫлƽ͵زתš
һջ֣һƬŭɫСҲ̫ˣҺļʱôĶ֪
۾ȿıһŭݣвһµͬʱһ˿ж
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һпǣ̾Ͳô˵ˡ
ʺ߳һ̫࣬ȥЦɾִˡ
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ԣֻһɵЦһ߶㣬ҪǿҲӡ
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ԳԸⶨȻ֮ʱûҪôѾƽ漫ʹߵ⣬Ҫô˵˵顣
һܽ漫ʹߵ⣬ҲôΪԽȻŹκοܣοڳӡУһκϡŹֵһ뵽
һӻûôһˣˣǰС̫Ӳԣβǹ룬˵ʲôǲϷȥ
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ҡҡͷʾⲻöʡ
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ĳԿˣҪˣӹҲסˡ
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ӵؿһ漫ʹߣһ߯޳ˣ׼˰뱲ӵĿôЩһڶԳƤ޵С
ĻʣĳǴ𲻳ˡ
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ĻǻһĨЦ⣬˵ΪвΪ⸱Ѷԣί㽵°ֵá


24 ̸
Ѷ±ʣдһ
Ȼʱϯ漫ʹְһƷӳϮſڵ̨
䳼һ֮ȴֹ

ǿҵƷӹʣ޼˲ȼ
ʱѵˡ漫ʹȻŵ
ͻ״ͻȻĻʻȺɫ࣬κ漫ʹΣû֤ݡ
鰸ǰҲɫ΢䣬ҪдµĶ̱ʷһת˲䡣
һߣТ
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ʣĵľŹŮӣس谮һʮȴչֳǾķ绪

·ϣطż
ܰϳǰ֮ˣͣ˲ӡ
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ʲôӹģϲദȻ׵㣬׵Ŀɰ


25 
ԭҹԭǰ֮£һһʺᲽڱԭ߽磬ս꣬ҹŰ
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ϣչһ಼װסдűɰߵһйݵ顣
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ĻʹһԹǰΪλڻʹнôһԹѲɿ˽֪Թ켫临ӣȥûջҪܳ漫ʹߵĵܼ򵥣Ǵ漫һ˽ȥ˭ȳ˭ʤ
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аգҧʵ
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ǡӦԵȥ
֮һīɫµĽԣ˵仰ţǱΪһЦһ̫ͬҽԺķȥ


26 ƾ
̫ҽԺһɽҩʯеѰҶһ߱Թва
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һҩʯУ¶ͷӦһ䣬
ȿȣǺˡ
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ٴһָŰƷһִġ
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мۣڴİƷѾܵһڻʹУǿƼԲŲɽ©ˮ
ҶһƷˣǰġ

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ڽǶ⣬漫ʲôڸ߸ߵϵĻȴ
ʹߣȵĶľ֣עټΣ޿ðԭʹȨȥ漫ս
ĻƽڵһӾסڳڳһ̣жһĨ죬˲£ҪټӶעǹ漫
ĻʵĻ漫ʹüͷ΢壬˼ȴҲ벻Ļʾʲô
˵ĻʱӸ߶עҪôƣãҪôбʤİա
漫սֻܹв⻹ôͨӲͬط۶ãóǼޣٶࡣ
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սͬͨ漫һͥǰкѪԳսһսҪֹʮƥɸѡ
սĳʴʮһҲðԭôҪĵطȥġ
࣬漫ʹڻһ̾޷˵Լſȥģ漫վȲôģ˴Ĵۣǳܲ
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ףĻʵ˵㣬ʾ׼á
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ľֺܼ򵥣ѡһŽȥֻҪһĹ߳ɡ
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ŸˮӦоУǴŷġ
漫ʹЦһҲں׼ʮյĸΣλѾ˳Ļʱʱ㹻ˡ
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ͬʱ빬漫ʹλ߸һǰ˫ֺʮ֣ͨ飬湬ڵİңӦƾ˼仯ָѰȷһ·
干֮
֮У佫ڿ˳֮ѿںǰĻ볤һǻС漫ʹˣˣʤ漫С
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΢Уԥ̣֮ȴԱص˵ͷջһ̾
Ļԣ΢ףû˵ʲô
һ̣ͻȻǰУһ챬ըҡμ䣬ţһը
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䣡
䣡
̶̲һӵڣһһըв˻δӦ֮ʣߵĹУһҳǱӰ˳
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ò׳˹ţҲûȥ飬һ߿ԣһĴϵĻҳڻҩôôˣܵĿ졣
⣬˶ˣȺ漫ʹ߶޷ûҡضлع
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á
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һԣ漫ʹɫɷף޷ʵ
ʤ֮Ϊλ
ǰıըʲô˾춯صĶǿߣ˾
ǣС̫ԲǿߣҲû湬ڸоκζǿߵĿֲѹȸС
Ϊʲô


27 ŭ
漫ˣĲֹƥսһʮٴ˱
ֵֽЭ飬漫ӡţ漫ܷڡ
ҪǣĲǿĹȣռǻ˸ҷڣºǶʮͲô򵥡
ʣµ¾ǴĸӵĹĵ⣬ʳʣµĻֻһЩְ峼ӦЩ㹻ˡ
Լ飬֮⣬ǵȴĻʵּ⡣
ڣڵգĻʵּˣط⻪֮ŮΪ﹫漫ףһеϺպд֡
ʥּһǳŭͬʱ𾪣
ڹдôʱ䣬ܲ²оǺԭʱȥģпޣĻһʣȻ顣
ʹУܽӴģӰ쵽ĻߣֻһˣŹ
ܺãܺã
δ빬ڵУɫķ࣬ˣȥ
ȥɡеǣ
⡣зŭŶ֪࣬Ĺϵܺã˸ȥ
ʱɫƽû΢ߵЦݣҲûк֮⡣
ʺ
һιؿһͷ
иӷŭصһӣŭȲҪô
̧ͷƽҲҵԸ񲢲ʺϹУֻҪǻ
ôĻʺ󣬻סô㾿ʲôԽԽ޲ýϵĲ豭ˤǰϡ
촳ĻˣһҪͷľһ̾
أͣץ豭ݺ˦žһ豭ڶͷһƬѪ
̫ñʧˡ
ѪˮȴȻϵͷĻֱ£˫һգʧ
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ʱܰһͿһĻٴһ
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ʹУ˶Լαװٱֳĸ飬Ķŭ
ôĵӣĸô꣬û뵽Ļĸ
￴ܰ꣬ŭգߵһˣǺģ
ŭ·ɺޣˣԼǵĲԼĲ
Ȼľѳۣʥּ£棬ĻҲ޷ջʥּϷԣΪκ˸ı䡣
׶µףڲʮյʱ䣬ζҲʮա
һĨƣ಻׷Щʲôϣ˻ֵȻѡôʣµ½е°ɡ
ĸ󡣡ܰһʧɫ
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ҪԻʺĶ䣬ĴˣδزܳɹʵûбҪ˲ϧֶεż
ŹǰѪֱԴ빬һĻһĻǿѹŭ𣬳ٸһλᣬϴ׺ʵʵȨʲôûз
һ̾һԲˣôٻͷ
ǲڹУҪ
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ڵϣԲһֱţĿɬΣ˸С
𣬳޹һֱŵƣδУȻδŮ˺üΣִҴ뿪˭ͣƬ̡
˭ð벽ڵϴȻȴһһεʧ
ǲԸϴǲϴΪĲٻˣƭˣȴԸƭ
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⣬޹еĳﶼΪʲôãһ׿ˣ֪ͼеʱִŵЩɵ
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ʱһȥһҹû˯δһϣʼ벻Ϊʲô׵ȴԶ޷˵ڡ
ˣҪδ빬У·δʱﲽһ٣ȴûͣ
δ빬ܿ㴫˳ȥ˭֪ʺͷλС̫δ빬һҹԭȴûκ֪
֮⣬һͬ˲ٵע⣬˵κ֮ˣĻյ㣬ǻ֮ŮԼҪģֲֻδӦ
ѱΪһȫҪŻҹ޵ĹΪĻʺ󣬺֮һмױͷҪԹĿæϾ˼¡
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󣬵ˮδε˵Уź˫һȴδ˵һ衰չˡ衱ġ
һ󣬳ﲻܳлδ빬æµ
˲ãˣЩˮͿЩҩ޴󰭣ˣǰ߲԰׵͸ѵ촽һỊ̃Ǻοء
һЦǵѣԲסˡ
õǸң̲סƱ
ǣҡҡͷɬЦЦ
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ˣҲٶ˵һ̾ʵ
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ΨһĻᣬµĲ˺׵飬һ빬С̫һһε顣
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պѺõĲ࣬һιʱһҩݣ򿪺ӣɸܵһɵĺ⡣
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ʲôȥ࣬
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һԿĿɿڴţ˰
䶼࣬˺˵Ĳôôء
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͵ҡͷŹˡ
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Ϳһ

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ǰһ߿ǰߵȣŭȣվţһʱڲҪҿ㻻һȡ
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ӺƺѾоԼȣȻϥǴȴǻۣǰľˣû
վ޶ԣĳϥ˲û˼ǣۣҲһҵġ


28 
ӵʱ䣬ѵޣʪѣʼתеһϻۣ΢ϻʹж˲١
վˣ¶ɫص˵ͷҪԼᣬ˵ٶҲǱ˵ġ
ԸʽҪǲԸ·ڽɼһ̤·ҲûлͷĻᡣ
Ҫ̸׵ѧһ֣ͬṦ֮עСΧڵŲƺܣ˵һǱõġ
ٲµһЩģûбԹʹֻŬؼš
ʱеѾĵ߰˰ˣٴδϸܵǴ̹ǵʹŨҡ
һԣʼճĬ֪ѵޣҲڰ䡣
ȻջǼ˵Ǳģ漰ʱΪ֪µÿһκպĻһ㡣
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вŲǴӵ˲ӵеĲܣͲӦôˡ
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Ȼû뵽ǣ֮ﾹȻԳ
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ĻһĨɱ⣬³һ֣ɱ
ĿԵòԲñ˵õƲѣô֮ﳹʧκ˶Ҫõ
ᣬȥ

ңԶռζͬ¥һ㣬һߵ𲻶ʱ֣ʱʧͻȻһԵ׵Ϣ٣ɢֲѹֱҪΪʵʣزϿѣһӰ֮⡣
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ҡضĹӭУȻ֮ϣվֹعӵ򿪣һȥ֮УŽʿعڵϣͷ­͵ʹ£һ̣һħӰһתɲǣΪ֮ɫ䡣
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·ʱǲˣ˼ֶȴڲȻѰҿɳõĻᡣ
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29 һֻ
ӽסˣһΪƬ˲˴ӡ
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ʮգ׵ĶѾ߳߰ٶԶ˴ĻʳǣһƬһ޼ʵĻԭС
ѽžĻԭиԻҹ˸еһ⡣
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ĽһľӣﶼܸܵǲͬһѹϢǿҲԸ״â
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ɵˣû뵽ͷĲæâ¶Ļǣֱð亹
ôľ룬ܶ﹫ֻҪܣ̫Ϳˡ

һ˫̵۾вϷͳĹǰצ΢䣬Ȼȥ
ͷƤһ飬ԴӦʶһܿĻǣŴһ²˺ѵӹצץ
̣֮ˣһѱסͷǾȻ󡭡
һҧȥ
໣
ʹӾκסͷ֡
ܵвĹͷǱԹģ˭ԣҧǾͷΣʼûзſ
ΪʹΪŭΪ־塣
κҰ޾дѪĶˣ벻ѡ
ȻҲ֪ԣҧĸˡ
Ȼˡ


30 Ů
ĺԩڳڶ࣬һλͨ£ҲȻȴС
Ҳԩô˵ҲһƷġ衰֡衱ȻʽܣսȻҪĻǻ֮ǰѾһˡ
̵ǰ׽ˡ
Ϊؼʱѹûá
ʵ֤Σ֮ʱѡĻóİ취ѧղûѧȥ
ɫɷ׵Ѫ̵ζУУθС
Ż
ûסŻ԰׵ɫøѿ
̶̵Ĳʱ䣬оԼ˰ôá
ٽеĵʼûͣȺǵʬҲ˻ҰѪȾĴضó죬Ѫ˱ǣ֮
ء
ͳԴԴϵȺøӷƺԭһ̶ˣϳٽķߡ

ͻȻһ̶˶йιţѪһʹĳУһλȻء
𣡡
Ѫ£˺ѵս״ԱߣһͷСɽСĻǵ˻ǿ׳צһʾͷǵĲͬѰ
ء
ͬһʱ̣ӰȺǵַâһͷͷ̤߳ŵϵʬף̰Ŀҫ˲

ʮͷ֣ʿɫ䣬еĵҲ
ĵұǷӦĴĽʿϵս׼᲻ɴݣҲǧĲսʤĹؼԭ֮һȻצȴɡ
ŻսԽʱ˫ϺŵĽڶˡ
һ
赭дһ⻮ƿռ䣬ͷʮͷ˲Ѫͷ­
޷ĽǵͬʱҲ
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ᡣ
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ʶһ˫һճ̣Ϊһʹˡ
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أ
ŭᰣ£Ȼķѣ֮ʱһӭ
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һ̣֮ƿռ˲﹫֮ǰ
޿ɱܣ޿ɵۿ﹫Ҫ棬һӰ˼䡣
ڣ
壬ƬѪصײϣȴȻ޷ֵ۵ļơ

Ż죬عȥ
ʱһ˫ϸֳ֣һס˼һַס
˭ûп﹫Ǻʱģֻǿֻϸо˶ļ
ˣ
Զһͳת˻ӿɢߡ
ڽʿ߶
ƽɣ·
ƽɫƺʲô鶼ûзһ㡣
ǡ
Ϊ׵ؼ׽һӣŶ黺ǰС
Ҳ﹫ֻǣһľǰôƽ
˭뵽ǰе﹫ȻһλƷ۷ǿߡ
û뵽̿û뵽οĴɱԵ˿Ц
ǰУ﹫˽ȥ
ŵһ˵ûʲô˵ȴҪġ
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˹ȥԲ֪Լɵжôֻ֪ˣһ˾ûһܹ
ס˿ΧѨֹסѪڼ˿磬ϾԶһˡ
λ̫֮Ѱγֶ޷ڳλƷϵĴڻ޷λǿߡ
ţ
ͻȻɫһ䣬һĨ֮ɫٶһץסֱۣӿڡ
̫࣡
￩ЦǴְһֻٵ漫ıǵǷС̫ྐྵȻһ̫࣬ΪԼѾˣû뵽б̵ġ
ʵţôĻʹôһ̫ڹдôãһﻹڵʺߡ
ĵǴ±¶ڻʳôķ籩
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ҹʱ̣ڻԭӪ¶ޣҲ˹۱㿴﹫欵
ˣݸһЦ
﹫˼һתµǰ˵ݣδУʺյһҲѲ¡
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һ̣ǻһĨЦݣܲܺҽһ£ôģ
ԣһд󾪣̧ͷһǿѹ»ңã⣬СĲס
Īûи㣬ʦͬ𣿡ﵭЦ
ٴһĲ֪ңû
Ϊ棬Ǽ̫ݶȻѾ¶δʧ׾̽
仯ɫϵЦݽȥĮ㵱ĵӣǵɻ
ǲ鿴СϵϢոһƷҪ֮ǰĻ֮±ġ
Լܣ˫𣬵빬һʵǵѣ̧ܹ֡
֪ӦòܣΪûκκô˵ﳤ
ݲܽƣô˰⵹һλȨأλرսպգƾһʱĨȥ۵ԲԶԳĵλв
ﳤ³Ҳõȥ
ңڹЩӶԼλӺͳڳĹϵҲ˽ⲻ٣֪ܻܿѡһϵһ͸ûɽҴˡ
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ΪСӦú£Сıĺ¡ʾ
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֪е˼ܼ򵥣˵ȫУӦú£ֺ躦¡
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ҲˣﾹȻҲԿڣֵעˣһС̫ܻ࣬Ķ䣬̫˼
ԣһ·֮ϣûټҪСӾӦԣߣ뿴һ﾿кβͬѰ֮
׼ˣСӴͷβû˼͹ദĽһ
ЩΪλóӡ
Ǵʥ֮ͣˡ
ϧ֪ʲôһһˮֻҪ·ǰסˣ·ǻƨ¡
ƽʱ֤ﱻͱ͸գۣǳлûһǮҪ
̥ʲôӳճģģĵģ΢ߵģʵȴͬĮ


31 ҹ
ҹʱѾ뿪пʼͻȻ䣬ؿ֮һ˿ȾѪĽɫֽŷɳųҫ۵Ľɫâһ̣ɫֽŻΪû뵤֮ڣֹУҲһ
ͻı仯Ϊ֮һŬ߶ȴ޷Ƴɫֽţ֮£̽Լ巢ֲҲֻʱǿѹ
ת׼ʱһɫӽɫֽϷɳھתһ֮Ȼʧ
һ̣жӰ񣬶ȥǽɫֽʣֵ
ǣ
ɫͻȻ쳣ѿ˹̫ϿûеıҪ
ֽţصֻֽһУ֮󣬹御ϣʮ
ȻֻһǿĹ
οЦǰС벿ּصֻ֮ò׿ʣ֣Ȼ޷ʹ֮С
ĺѩⲿʱҲûϵ
ǲǰǰΨһ⡣
ʵûʲôÿǵģΪ֮⣬Ҳκʽ
κιķʽศɵģ⣬á
ʽҪ֮ʱǲɺӵģܶʱ߶ᵥʽ̫עķΪʽת֮
ɫֽķѾࡣ
ɡ
һ̾˫ۣӰ񣬿ʼⴿ衰衱ʽ
һ챻ƵʹôУѾҪ֮¡
һ֮֮ڣ΢ɫĹâ֣ƬƬ˪ᣬӿƮ£ڵϺȻʧ
ͬһʱ䣬ﶼӦ˫ۿ
һʲô鲻֪˫
ӦһλһƷУȻ첻вѾѰƷƷĳܷΧ
ҪͻˡƬ̺󣬽ϵһĨâɳƵ
Ȼ䣬ڵ⣬㼯糱ӿС
ôĶ
һ̣вٸҲ˲׷ӿķ򣬹۴˶൱ƷǿͻʱĲˡ
ˣұһΡ
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λ۷ǿ֣߳Ԫ纣ӲǽҵΪڣƬֹ̺ͣعƽ
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ȶƽϢʱԶһĽŲ
ɫһһ񣬶ԶӰ
ڳҲܵױȵϢɫصĿߡ
ҹɫУһϮӭԣĮϢȵĽŲ٣ȴһʦɣ˶Ǹеǿѹȡ
֮ˡ
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֮ҷ뿪
ɨһȦնϣôһ˲ܵһ˿֮ϢýͺԹȥ
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أ
˫ƽ棬ŭ˽£ؿѣɰʯɣ֮ڳÿһ˵ġ
һߣٽӹһƾ˺벽Ѫڣ֮ɫŨ
Զڳֻһ֪˵֮Ǻ̫ۣû˻ỳɵϡ
ֻǣû뵽ǣĺѩĹȻ˵ע⣬û뵽˿ԸӦⲿϢ
ҹ̡
ɫأ֣Ĳİҹ֮ӣǧǿӣʮ࣬ȴѴıݣΪп֮ܲˡ
Ϊ˴У˽ǿߵϢ֮һ
ʱ䣬ֻһ֣ӣ֪ӲҲҪӡ
ǿ֮ˣɲֻ˵˵ѡ
֮Ӻٳÿһγ֣𾪵ս
δսܹǿߣ𾴣ҹ֮ˣôĲΪһ׷Ŀꡣ
ս֮УգѹʮУӳԶһжȻ·磬䣬嫵ѹһС
뽣Ƿˣһ˫ϸ֣к飬бҪ
ΧزƣĿ꣬ǿƻΧһжС
ۼ֣쵣ʧλǿǰҪ˵ս
ɡ
ɫһ䣬ֹȻѾˡ
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һߣŭüɫһ٣ر䣬棬ŭУλǿͬƺߣط˳ȥ
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֮У仯֪֮ޣ֮ϣأƿֲҪռ䶼˺ѡ
һɺ裬һ
Ի֮УȫԶԣɺ裬ǧٽӰΪһУһ飬֮ӡ
ѩ˳䡣
һߣ۷壬ӿ¶ȶʱΪ֮һѩƮɢͬ١
䣡
˼ͬըռŤɳŭ죬Ŀӣ˵ľͬĩա
ԶױȵĺȻ֮𾪣֪˲䱻ݻٵһɶ
ܴﵽ˵ز
𺳣׸ı˶ĿԭһֱΪνǿҫ۵ƲĿ⡣

ɳɢȥսˣһߣƬ̺󣬽һŻѪȾ
𶯣һĨѪȻ˲ˡ
ǰңϢȴȻǿ˾֮
֮
ǰ벽
ƽĻȻвȻǿѹȴͬشͷԶλǿߵѪУɢȥһ˿Ϣ
첻Ҳ˻
ϧ
һ֪̾ڸпʲô߶Ҫһνս
һ̣Զ֮һĨаϢɫһ䣬ӻΪ⣬գԶ
ͻı仯ͽһһ̣ع񣬳Ӫ̳
ǡ
˷Ӧ̶ʰװ֮䣬漫ʹһĨʧȴҲұϣͷʰ
̫ϧˣ﹫ҹ̵֮У漫ԾٺòĽ
Գ׼ĺҹ̵ìܣԸ漫һڵɡ
һλ㵽ҹ̵֮ӻȴû뵽Ĺͷ֮ӻ޹ȥ
½֪ĵƺõ˶ʼɣȴû뵽ǵ׵ĹҲմȾ˴ˡ
¸˽ˣʢҹ̴֮ͥڵȻ֮˱ͥһλǻľʦ⣬¼ܹ
ĵˣʼǺ֮ǰ⡭


32 
ҹ·֨֨죬ʱɸְٽʣİˣ׵Ķ鹬Ů̫ʧ룬˭û뵽̶һʱ侹ᷢ˶¡
Խܵǣ񻹲֪гֵľǺˡ
Ϊҹ̵֮ӻ֮¡
֮УĿˣԱߣڳϣŽշһС
д̣֮ӵĳִĳ𺳵ģᵽǿߵĿ¡
죬ȥֻǴ˵
ô
ۣһֱĬ
˼ʵ
̫СˣªҲãҲãδ뵽ܴ˴ĳ
䣬֮ӣ֮
˵ͷֵѾ㹻ˣһνӴʱֵԶôƽ
֮ӣֵκγޡ
˵һ䣬۾תˡ
֮·ҪԼȥߣһ䣬ȴûҪ˵̫
ϸϸƷζߵĻ˼Ѷ֮һҫݣⱳ˾̾ʵ
仰˵սģ̤ǿߵʬվġ
Ŀ⿴ģΪ֮վ̫ߡ
뵽۾࿪ʼĬĬҪ벻̧ͷӽͱӱޣͱһͷǸˡ
ľı仯ƽ̬ȣר֮ϵķ
Ȼ֪֮ĴڣͲʹ˰ݣȻһΣͻ֮ʱϢһξͲһôˡ
ھǿǰǧ赲Ųס֮ܣһҪԼǿ
ܵǰϵı仯΢΢һ˿֮ɫ˵֮ǰһ⣬һ̣Ѿʼ¶Ĺ⻪
һ;ؼȷʵû·ҪǾĺʱ˵ϺãȴҲżߵ˽һ
λ߸ϵȷԶ˵Ĳ֮ʣ˵֪Ҳֻѡ
ߣʻƽӹӶࡣ
֪ǰĲĺѩﶼеţʮһӶĪľƷ۷֮Ƚ϶ԣǲڵȻ㲻ʲô
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Ͼ˭ܹ˵ĽֹܵһλƷ۷ǿָġ
ƷھУҲһλٷ򳤵ĸˡ
ΨһЩǣȷʵ̫䡣
ȻҲĺѩⲻԸʽйء
ȥЩԭǿǿҲһλߡ
ҹ£׶黺ǰУ˭뵽ǧ˳ҹ·ȻֻΪһˡ
һУλվľƷ۷ǿȴȻס֮ӵķâ紵̹ǡ
·һֱ˵ڶյ磬߳˻ԭһɽ֮أݴĽͣϢ
һֱеϢû˸ȥţҹսѾ֪⿴ĹʵǶôǿ
ϢԼôʱһؼ׵ĸ첻ʾΪǰ֮·᫣ڸ·ϺпҪɽӪ
·
Уƽȴɡ
챧ȭߵǰ·
պɫ·;ͶٵĶڵõһϢʱ䣬ڻĽҰҲûټƽʲô
һԼûκ˽룬ȻԱŵȥǰߣûеūź˵ļëֻҪﲻټͲһ·ֵС
ʵʱ⽫Լ뽣ýЩ𣬼򵥵ĳԹһĽ̫๬Ů󶼻Ϣֻ²ҹĽѲӣԷ̿ͺҰϮ
ԣûлϢ췢Ĵɱ֮һòע⣬˭вףȴû뵽һһѲ
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ϢҲûл񣬶ԣĬĬķһֱҹ۾
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ڣͻأеȻָʽķԼУҲκ˲
ĬûоܾҲûдӦ
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ƽ˵һ䣬û˵ġ
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ҲżһԵȴȻʱж̣Ҳ֪һ;ɹǶôؾɡ
Щû˿Ҳϡ
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вϲ֣л֮
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лǰ
סؿڣȵ
лңԼӮġ
˵䣬ԣ½˫ϥϣĿ
ҲһԣʼϢߵĽûɱ⣬˿ڲ⽣ˣһĸһЩ
ֹһʱۣҲͬʱ
ȥӽ˵ͣΪֹ
һԶϣһɫȻһǰ
ǡ
𽣣ߵһԣһһµĻ
񲻱䣬ٶȱ
ҲûʣĵػеĽһ£¡
򵥵Ļӽ򵥵κ˶ȻӵĶˣӵľˣȴ֣ԭӽĺѡ
κ޷ӵͬһ켣κҲ޷ӵͬһҹ첲û֪ȴȻִֵؼš
󣬶·һ·һϰӽڵʱãԼʱ첲ʹС
ϰ̽
ҹĻʱٶȿˣȻûнʽǽϰķʽĻΪ̡
ͷȻĬĬԵɣʽ
ɽ·ҪߵĶ࣬׵Ķ̫ණУûֲУԣ·ٶȾһ·컹û߳ȥ
Уûѧʽȴѧ˻̡


33 һ֮
ֿ죬ջĶȴռҪࡣ
ûע⵽ԴΪƷϵƾͱȴǰָҪࡣ
Ľҩؿ͸ļûôʹߵһʲô󰭡
ʵһֱ湬еĽҩʲôģֻûлȥʡ
ȻĴĻʹƷĽҩҪԭý֣˿ڶߣٺõҩҲסôڡ
ķȣİٽȴδȥš
ڷܣ޴ۡ
ڷܣǿĿвͬ
ڷܣʮڷܣǴе뷨
ţȻĽȣ㲻ţһŷܲ׾Ľǿܽܣ۹ⲻڿ֡
ǣ˭ܷڷܣڷܣǳڷܡ
ҹ˹ŽԶԶ뿪˶Ӫʡ
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漫ʹЦĺܲãһ˿̬Ĳпᣬϣ֮ӽ˶ɱ⣬ҲɱҲν
϶֮˽ʵֻ֪࣬һǿ󵽲ˣʵ֤˿δпǰЩǰһս֤һ㡣
һδ֮ˣ֮䣬һ֮õһʮֿµĵز
дԣһ֮пӵŴ˵еҹ塣
һµĿܣǷΪ棬һ֮ǿ󵽱̬ӹɡ
Ʒ۷ǿߣֻоƷ۷Ӧͽ׶Ψһʸ俹֮ˡ
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һƺߣǿ̾ʹǿӲУȻѹ£˿жʱȾ죬ʮԶ
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أϣһѪŻȻش
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ȻҲ˵𣬾ҲһЩˣֻЩƺʲôá
ͻȻ΢𶯣һڸںеӰھߣͬĻһɫĳ
Ļ֮һֱڰİڲٳĬȥһ֮ӡ
ͷ¶β֮˲ܡ
һĨĮӳʮһӰһָǧ
͵ϮδɣٽУһɾгӦѣصһָ͸䵤
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񱩵ľ˲شתҲ֮һʱֺ
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Ȼһ֮䣬һ޴ѷ֣˸
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ǿĵɢ𾪵ѹȣǿڳλƷ֮ϵǿ߶еǲɵϣһѾ˺֮ڳ֮˶Ī
벽졣³ĸ֣˼µͬʱ𾪣ʣλºѾֻ֮ˡ
µʵɽŹʮ겻ĴѴﵽ˺˵ľ硣
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бҪٻһˣҹмأ֮ǧǰطʳ֮Уطʳ֮㲻֪գΪ֮ѱҴطҺ˴ߣʵˡ
в飬̵̫ãʱһһջˡ
ͥǸŮһĹɺϣӦò֪֮飬Ϊôɺϡ
ô˵ǸŮ˵ǻ̫˼ɵһֲٿ漫ļⳡ־硣
ϧǣվ㣬˽֮ˣôͥûʧ޴漫ܲסջѡǸŮ˵ĻѪ޹顣
ƥսҪʱڽǲܵģôҲҪ꣬ʱ䲻ȴѿԷܶ顣
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֮䣬漫ʹͷ͵ĸˣɫֱ䣬ôҲû뵽һֱ漫֮·λȻǿ˵ز
Ц֮ǰһֱ˲ϴ̽λǳʵ󣬵ʱλĵŭ漫Ϊ˸Ĵۡ
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Ȼڽ治Զʱصһ죬飬ΪƬƬƬɢһĨˣһţȻڴ֮ϡ
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뿪￴ǰоǸӣô˵㶼ΪӮƥսڹٰһΡ
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΢΢Ѫ죬¶ɫȥ
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ĹԴϡ٣ճƶУ⣬ΨԣһС
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ܲܽܣѳʵԺУһϷɡ
ԺˣǶſԶĲԶǿߺŽԺԸûʲôȨ
ԣԺһΨһܸɵĻ
Ժдѧ֮ӣõҲʮѵһ֮룬ν˲żüãŶֶǣȺУȻ۵ġ
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еʱ򣬷һÿһŽ꣬˶ˣֻʣһڼªУҲĽꡣ
ϣȥûĲãʣµʱ˯ܼ򵥣û顣

һİ䲼սĿʼ
һͥ˱±ʮڱԭ׼ٽġ
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һͻĴѩ˭ûϵĵûϵͥķҲûϵͻȻ˵ļƻ
ԺҲѩˣ˻ûʲô˵ȴǺܴ鷳ѩкߣԣˡ
ַҲˣΪѩܴ󣬷Ҳܴ󣬲Ͽλ¿ζ࣬˵Ĳִɵĸϵһ
Ψһû뵽ǣԴ˫Ȳ˺Ϊչıȴǰˣµʱ䣬ΪѽչƷ
Ȼִ۲Ҫġ
ңѩʱȻۣĵۣʹۣȥۡ
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ˣ࿼Ȼɷԣץ࿼ӵĿγ̡
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üˣü򵥣ҲԺѧüˡ
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׵ˣлһλȥСɰŮѧ
գ˵һֻ۱һֻ۹ȥˣֻǽ컹ѩܲá
ϴ̹ǵʹ̵Щˣͷ˿ߵѩû˵Լװûп
֨ѽ죬ڴѧʶ̧ͷȥȴŮѧǰ
Բ쵽ŮѧǰϣԼ
üһ壬̧֣ͷһЦȴûн˼
˶ãȻƽִ֣ţûȥ˼

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΢΢˵ͷӹֽһֽ߬ΪֽмһԵװľͰС
ͬḶ́˵׹ߣһֵֻëʣһа̨һ𰸷ϡ
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Ժ׵ĴǺصģԣ˲ҹڷ
ûн֤µ˼һգëʣ̨мⶪľͰС
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ȻҲϰ֮ˣǰܽӲ̨Ĳ߬м
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ֻڷӵĿõһõΣΪԼպһǰ̣ȴû뵽ˡ
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һλĴھжôֲԺסô಻һӵܾܿĳ
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ȥӻشĺܼ򵥣Ҳ򵥵ĵ
زȥˡ
еãŨˣ̧ͷҹƮѩңԶǿǷ
û˵˵
һҹͷ˵˺ܶ໰˵ˣЩУصľˣѿ裬ԣʲô˷ӡ
ɫȻƽô˼Ҳû̫ı仯̬ľڰ̬֮⣬ɲô˵⻹
һλܺõߣͷȻʶãԷӵȴκˡ
ķӻὫҹЩ˵ȥԭܼ򵥣Ƿӡ
ȻûȥǱ㳯߰ɣһĿǰУеʱãҲʲô¡
֮ʱƽ˵һ仰ŲϵĲӻ뿪ˡ
ȻҲ뿪ˣűָķ򣬲ûκε⡣


37 
ѩУϵУµӰĿװع˲ۣȴ
ѩأѽѽ˪ݣڵҲԱȴ󲿷˶䣬ֻǣϲϴʹɫЩ԰ס
֪Ѿˣȴ
е·ûĿģߵԺӣġ
еʱڻҰҹˣͳЩߴһֻҰʲôģˣһѩѩ죬ȱıˮ
ѩµʱ̫ˣѺٳУ̶Ҳڵȴ죬Ե徲Щ¡
¶ΨһҲľɫأϰ˹¶ϰʹ࣬㲻ù¶Ҳʹࡣ
ϰеʱȷʵһµ飬һжرȻ
ѣ죬ߵĲ˵µѩ;˿֮ѡ
ֻеʧȥʱ֪ϧѳɻÿģֻһֱߣϣһֱߡ
տ࣬ѩ֮죬ƺΪܴ󣬷֮䣬˪ᣬͬһССѩ
ƷΪ㲻οӻꡣ
˵ģָĶеǿߣӴԺȻʱš
ǰڲһ޼ʵĻԭһųУ³ǡ
ųǵֺر˵⻹һ½վȴҲϱ֮·̶Ӷѡɽ֮侭˲е鷳
ѩͣˣջûз磬ȻһµǻǳţɨѩɨѩϽֵϽ֡
ųǽĽ·˵ּۻ޵ĳСӰʱĿ
ϣؿ̬ƽͬͣʵֻǹ͡
ݡ
ͻȻһٵƽԶֽǣһһɿڴϱۣɲǼ䣬·˾ţɹ
ڽֵм䣬Ҳü㿪תζ㿪ʱ˫ͣ
ΪʲôҪ㣿
һĻ
ϣɢΨб۶·м
˾˵ǣֻ
ȺǰһλŵɫŮӣüĿгݣҲؾ·мɡ
¶һĨ
أ
һֲľ죬ѩУϵȵ˿
ְ˺ϣԣ粽С
ϵصһˤˤĺܲңһѪۡ

γϵĽ㳯

̾һ֪̾Щʲô
һ̣һͨĲ񵶻ķâ
Ϊ˵ΪһѾ£֪Ρ

һ죬еĽӦϣ
ˣ·ߵҲˣֻ꾲תΣȥ
ŮеĺŨˣֵɡ
ܵȺŮӺĿ⣬һۺ󣬱뿪ˣŮӣֻǿȥЩȻεĺܺãǵƣȴβס
·䣬˵Ե֣Ҳ⣬תŮӲٻͷԶȥ
С㡣Ůԣһλ
Һ񡣡ŮһĨƣ⣬
Сˣ˱ȵС㡣϶
Һ񡣡
Ůٴ˵һ飬ƽȴһֲɵϡ
ԣĬٷ
߰ɡ
Ů˿ڣ෴ķȥ
ݵĲܸıʲôһҪУһҪߣ˴˲ǰԵ֡
ķ³дһգҹųʳǲͬķƽľһ˿֮⡣
й
⣬һĽãǾ壬½һγ֣ڰ޳ţͷ濪ɭ֮³ǡ
˶ֲ֤һĻһ񷢷һܻء
ŹģȻȴã
ûйôľô¡
˹񣬺̶ܴϾ͵ڷĴڡ
ƶγ½ķȥ뿴便ûй
Ȼк뷨֮ˣ֮ͨʱȴĸ˹ȥ
ŮӾ֮һҪǣ۷˻ȥ
С㣬ӦÿЩ֮¶ǣȰ˵
ϣӦйŮϲû̫仯ƽش
֪Ȱ˵Ҳֻܸȥ¹ֻС̫ˡ
紵Ůɫ΢ףؿ˼µĲȴȻûͣ¡
ҹɽǶ϶һµĴѩ󣬻ѩɽɽ·ҲϣǳĻѩҲϥǰС
ɽ֮ʱڤѾʧţͷ棬ڰ޳ҲӰΨаϢɽǻþòɢ
ŮŮӿã˵֡
ϣӦй
ʱһãӦ
ŮһĨĹﶼУΪβй
ĬƬ̺صǰҲˡ
Ůһߣô֪ǰˡ
ٴγĬ֪λش
ûп뿴Ķɽǰ󲿷ɨ˶飬ҲתΣȥ
Ůǰվһ˫ϸƶΣԣš
Ŀӹ֮ɫΪСݣȵǣһĻԵ̫Ȼ·Ӧ
л
šŮƽؽܡ
һǰһϣŮΣû̫ĻǾţҹɫУڸǵżȻ¶һ˿¹⣬תֺܺߵ˻ȥ
ʹ﷼
顣
ء

˵˵ģҲŮġ
˶ԣƺѣкηֱ
ӣҪߡʵ
ߣءʵ
ϱߡش
治ɡ
ǰ
ڳţںߣûп̫
³ǵҹеĺǰƻͨҲֹ˲Ӽںϵò
̻֮أҪһЩ
ƺϲֵط
鿴ڵƽûз֮⣬ֻڲһʵ
һЩ˶ѡص
һΣеһĨ죬һ̻֮ˣôйڴֵط
ҲûнͣգڳпһЩطз۸񲻹ƽҲܹõ𣬿ºǸŮ˲ǻɾҩ
֪ΪΣº¾ûʲôøУ̸֪еŮǲ
ûȴû뵽ԭѶһзĶƺϬ鿴ǰľ󣬲̾
ﲻԭˣʵ
ǣҡҡͷٶ˵ȥ
ӣɷһ
ﻹҽ
ֵʵؽ첲˳
òҽˡ
ƽصָǰ󴦡
Ƭ̺ջ֣ƺܹصˣһӸߴˤ£˫Ⱦ͹ͷܴء
ҽ͵
ҽҵЩ棬ԹܹܵʵǸ漣֪λҽ˸ҽ
ʮֺʵ֮£û˵˭ҽ
Ĭûлش
ҲûʣǻʵӵҲȫûϣ֪ιӵˡ
ʲô˫΢Уʵ
ҹ̵飬ͥأдĻʹ쵤ɫ
ǣЦһ˵Цˡ


38 ȾѪī
飬ʲô̫ĵ쵤ȴ֮߶ҩ˵ÿһöһλ۷ǿɵĿ֮
ĶҲֻʣöҰδƳɹ
˵ö쵤ǴǿߵеĹΪ쵤Ÿĳʹ
δԣҲ̸ʲôʧ
ȿȡ
ͻȻԶɫһ䣬ǰһöҩǰ߿С
С㣬߷ǻҸطסһҹɡ
š˵ͷһĨ̬Ĳ԰ס
¹õǺβ¶һĨģʵ
СµĲ¡ƣЦЦش
Ȼܷ¥Ϣɡɨһ¥󣬿ڵ
¶䣬Ҫ˵ȴֹ̧ӵİɡ
Ƭ̺¥Ҫ䣬һ䣬һ䡣
صУ̲סеĲ˵˳С㣬ݣô̻֮عҹ
УΪʲôҲС鷴һ䣬
ˣ˵ôܺСȽϡʵ
ˣŮˣǣ
鵭һЦҪںЩͲô˿治ˣݣⶫȻãȴҲᡣ
İĵطٱЩĵĶס
С㣬ЩϢɣǻҪ·Ȱ˵
š
ͷߵߣһƣ£ϱӺ¶˯
˵ƣеһŴϣϢ
һڣϣŴ⣬Ĭ

ҹ֮ʱĽֵҲžʱһԶ·ϵһ롣
˫һԶĺɫӰӣһ֮

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˹֮ʱͲƽˣ𾪣Īй
صһ˫һӣδӶ¥˳ȥ
֮һץǰĺ޳ȴͬԽӰһ谭ش˹ȥ
ô
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أ
նţͷϣһƬ𻨣ڤȴȻǰУתʮ֮⡣
ۿȥΪһΣӻΪӹ
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ɺһնΣȻ浲·ɲǣһۣʱܵشȻأŻ졣
ӡ
֪ʱߣڷ̵
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ݵиãˣǰĺڰ޳ţͷȻ߼ٰ磬йڡ
ȿȡ
ܵشһҵؿԣоʹĿ顣
ӣ̫çײˡ
ҲĶѣߣһöҩ߿У𱸵
ǵѣΪ˽⿪еɻˡ
ûоܾĺ⣬ҩڣٻһеľʹ̺˲١
ŹϢˡ
̧ͷϵƣǸ

ͷȷʵϢˡ
ίĻشе¶һ˿˼ʵģǴǰһֱϵϰߡ
˰죬طϢҲصԼ侲ĵϢ
֮ʱۣƿţǰ֪
Ҫˣ

ڡ
ڡ
˸ûĲᣬû˸У֮ˮϧϧ̬֮
ҹ˽У񽫴˽£Ȩʶ֮񡣡
нӹһīɫĽ
ûнӣв񵶡
黹ǽīϣֵ񵶱Ͼ֮á
ûپܾ˫ַī֮̾л
ãԵټ
䣬תȥߵѣһ˿
һеīɫֱ䣬ջû˵ʲôתȥ
īʣ治¶Ǿ֮ʮֳأǳܹʹá
Ȼȴϲûκɣǵϲ
е·ȻҪУڳҵ̴˽ʣͬīâ
񵶺īŷ֮ţϣ¶һ˿ɻ㲻㵶
ִעⲻ˸·½ϣϥѩߵʮֳ
εĳֱûס룬˫ת֣һ£һ£쳣֣ͣ¡
ŻѩԼԼŽӡҲǼŸ·µģʮ½һҹڶʱ˳ȥ
뿪ɽ±ڵ谭Ұһ¿ࡣ
ţ
ͻȻ˫ݺһǰʬҰѪȾĿѩ
ˣ棬һ⡣
ѺŭһĻŭվ죬ɱ¡
ȾѪѩմȾߵѪҲմߵԹԽԽ䣬Խ䣬˫Խ¶
ʬϵĵ˲β룬ϵĲҲϴһգȻΪǿо
һǧ꣬ɽܴϣǰɳһλôľڵɽһʱ伸伣
˭û뵽ѩɽĽ죬ڴ˳ԵһĻ
ӡǻڣʾɽ˲δߵ̫ԶȻɽû˫ˡ
һִֵˣǰǣҲǣδΪȲ˶κθı䡣
ѩǰУһ·ѪߵԽԶѪԽ
ɽҪϢôѩҲ߲죬Ϣߵվ׷ϵһ졣
ôһ죬ȥ׷ɽˣһ֮⣬ɽ˲࣬ʮŮ
˱뺷Ůġ
Ͽж磬ƮԶ
ʮƥ˩Уɽ˲ԶڴģǺֵǮĻɽ˿úܽ
ĵ˵ע⣬ɽҰһε֣ôһ顣
ɽ˵ͷһλоˣʶо״Щԡ
Ȼ˶֮ˣɽĵŮŤߡ
Сܵܣôļء
Ůֱ۲ӼҪȥ
ʣ½ǰɱ𣿡
ûѣ̧ͷŽߵŮӣ΢һЦʵ
ǰɬЦݣŮӲ֪ΪθеһԾɿֱۣ˰벽
ʣ½ǰɱ𣿡
ٴʵȻɬƽһ˿в
ǣǡ
ŮǵͷоԣҪ񶨣Ȼȴû˻ᣬһī⻮ֶʱ˺УҲ˵
īȾѪһɱˣûʲôоҲûд˵жĵķӦ֣ͷ·һ΢顣
߹ʱŮӷŵīĽȴܿ죬һû̫ʹࡣ
ʣµɽڷӦеĵҪ
ɽվͨˣײУҲһλƷ߶֡
ī裬ʮһλɽ˺ܿһһ£ɽҪӣȴһɳ۵Ĳ񵶹ᴩţѩС
˸еĺʮλɽһڣͬһλĵŮˡ
ҲΪԼĴ֮ˣǰ˵ŷǣҲñ
˵˻ʱģϷԡ
ҲĺѩԸǶԵģֻǣջ·
īϵѪȵģñѩõϵѪͬʱҲ
֪ڡ


39 ѩҹ
ɽ˽ߵĲλ˩ϣеֻһƥССİף֮󣬺ѻ
СȻ˾ţսսվԣҴһ
С˩αϣһСҲһ
СĿԼţԼĸҲԼţ˭Ӱ˭ֻͬеĻ飬֮ϵ
ɽϺѳ˲ٶ˽ƥҩҩ⻹һţһδ򿪵š
˷õĻᣬüͷȴŵݺüͷĸˡ
ҪϢͨϣд̫ţ̫޴
ǺߣΪ䵽С
е·ΪһŶı䣬ȻߣСٶȵǿ˲١
СĿ࣬ɽ˾ûãϵĸǻЩС᲻Ͳˡ
˴СԶľС࣬еʱ򻹻һ
ʱһѰСһ̫ˡ
·;һЩ¶ȻСˣȴȺܶ˶Ҫ
֪պܾܿҪǰ죬ԶԺߵ̬ԽԽǡ
ţļˣɴͰ⿪С
ȻСԼȥһһ
˭˵ƤĶ࣬;СƤѳԽࡣ
ûа취£ֻСţҲ˨զզء
СҲе鲻ˬײٴȥ
ǣҰϱһһ˭˭ؾ
ѩֿʼˣɫƮ𣬺֪ߺӰڱ֮⣬һУһŮһ̫࣬صɽʬ壬üͷһ塣
˵ϸʮɽ˵ʬ壬ҡҡͷѱ˴ߡ
Ů˲ɽϵ˿ڣƽͬһˡ
׷
̫࿴һ۵ϵӡӡ
ϧ׷˲ãκۼӡѱµѩڸǣҲҲ
ͷ׷
̫࿴һ۳򣬵ϵ
˺Ů˵ͷֱѡһ̫׷ȥ
ããѩ죬Ҫһ̸ףûĿֻ꣬ߡ
ܴ󣬲һĴߵˣͽһׯ󣬱ݽһ
ʵҪСˣҧ䣬ߡ
˵飬һƥȷ˺ͷۡ
̫׷ĿˣҲ׷ƫˣû뵽ĽŲһƥסͣ²ˡ
޵ĴƽʵǴ˼ҵıɫ
к˼һ֮ңѸߵĸףһδɼҵá
ֳһλֱĺӣһλͻݵŮƯȴʮ
ӵĺÿŮɬγıȽϣݺ󣬺ӻȴԼе¡
ΪˣӰõů͵Ļ¯ԣʲôҲò֡
˵ĸԴ꣬˵ȫһֱţЩ겻˺ȢޣŮҲ⡣
˺統ңݺŮʲ
û˵ʲôԣᰴ˺ģ΢˿˿˳עڡ
Ƭ̺ջ֣ת»ص¯ԡ
ˣ;ƿݣߵľͷҪǲܵģģֻ˺һЩôʹࡣ
ڣܲ΢ָһЩ翪˵һ仰ͲܿƵ˵ġ
˵ϲΥ֮£Уʵ۲УҲС
ֻϧֻţͷ棬ڰ޳δ
л
ϣ˲Ŷ˶죬˵ĺᣬûܹ塣
һЦ˵ͷǻӦ˵ɣǻкñ
ʱŮѰѷãӣתԣθڴ󶯣ͶˣЩԸƤĥˡ
˺ܼ򵥣Լ׼ĸɲˣŮպܺã򵥵ʳҲ˱ǡ
ԵĺܱѾԲ£ӵЩˣ˼ܾʵǳŵòУŲòھܾ˵顣
ŮԵĺ٣ڣŮһֱǺģһԵǲȻûôߵĹ
ǰŮ˶ǱȽϱ뺷ģ磬ĺѩŹˣǳԷɡ
ϴ빤ȻҲ岻֣ŮͻǰǼλɹĺѩ֪֪糤ʲô
СԼĿûаƻʳ˼˵ѩȥҶƻʳ
ϸϢʱֳһ鷳¡
ֻŴһһСƽգ˺ŮڽϴĴϣҲŮչĸס
ʵͲҪϴϢʱֻϱĿϢͬʱҲϢˣκΣ˵ʲôҲͬ⣬ִϴȥ˯
ΣֻӰţźЦˣԼ˼ľϣһż׵Ĵ
ҹķܴڴϣķȴû˿˯⡣
˯ѩˡ
ϴľʹһҹһϰߣо
ͻȻ⴫˹һֹ̣伣
ⲻԶĲ£СشŴƺڵĳˡ
κ˳ȥ
ˣһߡ
෴ҪȺܶ˶Ҫ֪Ϊеš
̫࿴ϵһ㶣Ȼϳӡ
ʵкܶ˶ǸʱǲӣӢۣǵ磬ǹ⣬Ψһ񻰡
죬ȴΪһ׷ɱĲзϡ
̫಻⣬ӡУǰӦû漫ô
ʶ̫̫࣬ô࣬˭ʶ̫·Ϥ
·Ĺи·ͬȴϸ΢ڹӲ٣Ȼ˽һЩ
̫׷֮ûҵӰѷأ·Ӻ󣬴һλ壬֪Ҷ˵ط
̫Ʒĸ֣Ҫǿϲ٣Ҫ˵һˣһǲм
Ŷԣ˶ǲмֻеĵطһ
ǲô˵ʵʵС
̫Ҫɱһпŵˣԣ˵һƱ㳯
ٵ񵲣ʱеһɾͬصصԶײСĲ
СŭѩĵطŪ˯ġ
С㲢ãӲݶ˳ȴһѪŻȾǰƬѩ
һȥ¡
һѰСм˴ܣһƥκʲô
мˣҲһƥ
Σȥ˫ûвУȻζϲȥˡ
еĲѾΣºôһ飬ֲ̫һо˰졣
ô򣬸û
˫Ĳ񵶣⵶ѾˣҲֱˡ
̫౾ʲôУȻһ֮󣬱ԺʵȻġ
ĸ֣һ
ΪУʽУǲ˷Ӧ㣬һǴ
֪̫룬һը
ĸо̫ǿҪǿ
ʵ˸Է˵˫ʵĲ࣬һһǽ֣ʵûʲôᲢ֮
ߵķѩԽԽ˫ҲԽԽһս鷳ˡ


40 ѩҹ˪
ƮѩУ̫ʮ֮⣬ʵĲ࣬һѩеսû̫
Ʒ֮ϣƷ֮ǽȻͬľ磬ƷΪѴǱһǵǰ档
γīȫۣһսֻ
̫вδһֻɿݵ£ȴЯǧԿ⡣
صһƽһˣīһתڵϣֹסƣһΣһڵӰҹգϢ̫ȥ
С
̫һߣƾХһ˰ʸ
ٶɫâὣ˪𵴣һٷѩ֮УһһӰٶȻ
ֽ̧̫ӽץסһƫ㿪İʸ
ȣ
һȣԪŭߣѹصһѩһɸߡ

̫սѪɫһһֻԪһӡؿڡ
ۡ
ѪŻ̫üͷһ壬˺󣬱ܿһѪ
ˣ̫ɾ˵صĽ񱡣
Ȼ̫һˣ˫ץסݵĻᣬƣְγ񵶣Ϊߵһڣٳ
һɺ裬һ
һ֮ڣһ֮ңǿ̫Ҳ޷ܿɺһɿīϵ֣ǰ
ܣôὣʽ
̫һȵ
ᡣ
壬͸ֱۣȴۻסٲܴ
ȣһе֣Ļܵô࣬ٴߣīŵأٽƽ硣

̫ɫѿҲܲ뽣Ǻιϵݺӡ
ȻˣǾͬھɡ
һĨ⣬Ҳܣīӳ̫֮ͬ
Ϊ̫࣬鲻̫࣬мķ̶ȶ̫࣬һ̫Ҳϲϡ
ںһΪ
Ŀ־δ֪֮ҲΪδ֪֪ΪһΣԣˣ
Ϊ͸ν㲻Ҫһոм¾͵ƷжôںһΪ
ӡ
̫ôԣˡ
ץīͼסͬھһ
һӻ⣬۷壬īȫ̫൤
ᡣ
붯һߴĿڣһߴ̫һֻŵһֻץŽѪʣѩС
žžѪѩҹԵ΢൱˲Ʒм֮һλƷǿˣϵ˸ء
Ѵ̫ס˵ƴսֹڴˡ
һ̣̫ԪŭߣҪһƳ׷ϵǰˡ
Ȼʱ̫һģһͣԵڵء
ᡣ
̫㵣żԪȴΪʱ
ȣ
ɿս֣ǿһīˣһ죬īͻ̫赲һߵ

һʹĳߣ̫ϵɢҴѪʱ
ɶ񰡣
̫¶ʹһӡؿڡ
أһɳȥѩУѪŻ
ᣬᡭ
ŵȴڲпʵ̫ŲϺˣϵĲ񵶣ﴦīȻѪʣȾŴء

ؿһƣٴŻһѪǰߣ֪̫ˡ
뵤īͿжҩ̫ѷϣɢңǼӾھ綾ӡ
Ȼǰһͣ˲ҩ
˺ʮȻһѩУߵ񣬳ںޡ
ΣȻ󣬿һ۲ԶС˻źȵװʲôϽ
֮⣬Ѿ˵ĴսڵĿ꣬ãķѩܴ󣬲ڸ˴򶷵ϵѪҲܿȥ
̫ʬ岻СȻȻһм˱ߣ
СȻԸ⣬ҲҷֻκѾ͸̫ıϡ
ֳʰ꣬Сһǰһ󳯴ȥоӹԶ󣬱һطһӽ̫ˡ
ǲܵģ̫϶ͬ֮ǰһΪһ׷ɱһ
īϵĶҩͲ񵶵ҩѾ̫ѪĲ࣬ɽѳĴҲֻЩ֮ôԿ׷ɱʵһͷ۵⡣
ǲܵģԴõǷſʼֻһֱߣҪʲô壬Сûˣʲô׳
ֻܼУֱɵ׷ɱΪֹ
вı䣬ΨһͬǴǰԸģĿĵģǱƵģ߲С
ҵǣ֪̫྿жͬ˵֪̫౳֮˾ɳ˶š
ϣһУ̫ǿģ
ѩԽԽ󣬿һҹ˼̫شˣҪϢǳҪ
ƿţӺŮ˯Ψ죬ȴʲôû˵
ɬһЦ˴һкʮǱɻصϡ
ĵ߰˰ˣҲ˯ʣ޼޸ڵƣţá
̫󲿷ڸǰ֮߳ʱܵƻҩӰ죬ִ֮䶼δȫǵΪಢǾԵر𣬷򣬷žѾ̫ˡ
ƺأʱǱ·
Դ˵ܿһѣðա
һҹʱܿ͹ȥ֮ʱʰö˺ӵ·
˯ĴһСӣ࣬ȴҲ㹻ȢޣʡŵĻŮðЩױҲ๻ˡ
ɽٵӣһЩ飬ûκӡǵһҲһҴʲô鷳
ֻԼȥˣ·°æ
ʱҲʮΣƺԴ䣬һֱ·
ڴĻʹʱΪСҪ취˹ҪΪ·
СȻƤظںߣҲСɱҲ⡣
СȻ֪ǰЩʲôһһӡ
ߵأһһããѩУ͸ֻСϲ࣬ҪѰټҲô򵥡
ԣвû̫š
ѩУһмˣһƥѩ׵У˵Ҳȷʵ˵ϻ
䣡
ʱؼ䣬һɫâֱʣʥϢɢʵƣɢķѩ
ͻ˵ĿĿг˾㵡
üͷһ壬Ī죬ǿʲôʱôֵǮˡ
С𺳵ľһҲˡ
Ƭ̺ҡҡͷӦò죬ɫâȱ˵Ϣֻѡ
ѩ죬ҰֻС
β̣Źȥ
˶к֮ĵģҲ⡣
ȻߵĲ죬СߵҲ죬Ȼ棬顣
֮⣬߶˷ļ󣬶Ȼǲ˵Ĺ֮ż
ǰӵص׳ʱͺͽơ
ϧʱҲҹС
ǧǿʢȴҲֻһѣ˵֮żĹʵ⣬ҪĻ
ƺд֮żҲϧ˺֮⣬ʵ᲻̫顣
ѩеһһߵĲ죬ΪʵںܽߵҲż֮ء


41 ֮ż
ɫʱѽʧҲֲֻ֣̫ʮ¡
ŵϵĴѷ죬üͷ壬ʵûȥȤ
Ѱģֲģôѷ죬бҲȥء
ߣСȴ䲻졣
һƥôġ
üͷǳһԽԽԻˣǣһͷԻëá
ǣôѵ⣬Сǲɿڣһѷߡ
۸м˵٣ǵһμ۸м˵
ȥ
ͷһ󣬲ͷص
ꡣ
Сзһ̬ȡ
Ǳȥɡ
Ӧһͷ£ʲô
ѷܶȥīһ뱻ʵУСͷϵ⿪˳ϡ
ȻϵСѷ졣
µʲôˣ
Ǻģ㶵ģǲҪģ
СֱӳԽ˺㣬ֱҪ
ѷīһңȻīѷĶС

īһ߳Σһʱ䳾ɢĵǡ
·С棬ǧϱճѪۡ
üˡ
ķ˵һ䣬Ȼ֣еӽˮ
С˩ȴִֵûʹһĳ˺ʱһͷ¿
γī͵صȥţһѲ񵶲˶С
һȴʧˣǰ̫ĵطٶŤһĻȣը黨Ƶá
Ȼһˣһûֹס׹ƣȥ
Ǳûû
ӵԹԺīٶȽϡ
֪˶ãһһ䵽ѷײڵСϵëҲյĵ˲١
ëķ˲缦ëİ¿ղŻӢСձ˰ëƵġ
˵˸𡣡
īڵѷУС۵Сۣ鼫Ȳˬ
ꡣ
СӦһתҪߣȴһͷײʯϣʹֱ֡
á
óһöӣ֮ѭŻ⣬ҲСԹԵسǰΨһĵ·ȥ
·ܳܳǳûûˣߵЩˣˣС̬Ⱦ͸ˡ
СҴķżȻһȴֱҵĿ籩ѹȥ
Լʱ󣬻Ӷ군ʱǰһ˿
һһ˷ˣӿٶȣǰīһ˱סĶ졣
صһݣĿľ˲˫۾
ǰʮ䣬һڵľƵãǻȣѪҲ֮ǰһȥɭɭ¡
ǲǵ˰ɡ
һǰ磬תͷѵʵ
ꡣ
СشһıҲԿҲ𾪡
ߡ
һҧ¸ƨ죬ꡣ
ǰ·ܶ࣬ʲôҲܣֱѡģģģҲ֪ǰʲôѡһ·˵û
СʲôûУ··
֮һһ˻
ǰ·ʲôûС
ѡһ˵
ʣµһ·ҧгݵ
Сԥÿһ·ǰǻһᣬѡһСխڵ·
ȷ
鲻Ըʵ
ꡣ
СӦ
һΡ
һᣬתγбǰСȥ
һӺһһ˻
ֱԭذСˡ
ʣ·֪ôѡһīһȻīˡ

ָīָŵķ򣬺ԥؾ
һԣСؿһ̬֮ȱʾ
бš
ƳһСӵ
Сˣʵʵظȥ
ʵ֤ѡȷģԼСʱǰľٶ˱仯
һӣһܿĺӣɫĺˮðŵݣе
۾΢Уǰһ˵һ˺
ڤ֮Уһڤ֮ǰĺˮ
ˮǧѶȡ
鷳ˡ
⾾һͷˮУֻͷƮ㣬ˮУһ˿Ҳûз
˾Сһ㲻Ծ˺ˮԶԶġ
Դ֮Աǣţӿ϶ܶɹȥֻû뵽취
ԣˮ֮һ޵׵ľΨһܶˮĶǲ֪⴫Ǽ١
ǰܶഫ˵䶼ѳΪʵţͷ棬ڰ޳ˮֶˣţ޵׵ĴҲϡ¡
תںߣͻȻһ٣ֿ˴˵еĶ
Ȫ
˵гˮ֮׵滨֮󣬿´˻𽥸ãΪ״̬˵ȪҲһֶ
˰죬ȴȥժˮУûܹ֤ȴҲ
ꡣ
ʱСߵߣһȻҧźߵ·ǰԶӰԼôʮԶһȥ
۾һУıεķ򣬳ȥ
ΪѣΪа׹ǣҲжľõȵȣ֮УһõĴ
Ҫǣ޵׵ġ
ĬŽק˳һ㽫ϵˮС
һ̣ӳĬˡ
Ȼ
ѳⷶΧΪһʵǰʵ
ĬĬ˼еĶľƴ˼ŵĵطȻǣСһȥ
Ȼ֪ΪʲôǱȥһˮ֮󣬾ʲô
һľسӶ԰ȥСվڴϣսս¼ˡ
üͷһ壬ǳʲôµģֲȥ
СһһЩӲˣȴȻȻǺ¡
һ߻Ŵһ߾עŶ԰ûʲôΣա
ʱһЩţҲóˡ
ţôĵطʲôΣնûС
СָˣܲŵԼȥá
֤ˣûţҲû֣üܶûг֡
ˮǱҪ࣬ƴϵһӣŻƮ˶԰
ƴ˵ãϰҲƴϰֹˮߡ
СվڰߣӲٶˣһ˫ֱضǰ
ҲоǰղԣƺʲôٶƵá
ߡ
˳ǰȥ
ǲǵظǶѾߵǻҪȥ
СҲȥԳࡣ
ӺתεͣǰĴţʹſŵĸ֣һ˫۾еĸˡ
ڤظ
ĸɷĴ֣ϣ͸ǣһԵħԣһ۱Ų
иоκҲһĸоⲻҹ̵Ķ磬ˡ
ظǴڣأزء
ڤΪ棬ڤ
ƿǰĴţҪڤظ֮絽ʲô


42 ڤظ
Ż۵Ĳκ챦һƬɵػ磬һǽڶûУֻǻ硣
תνУδκηӦһӶͷ̤ԣ̺֣Ǻˡ
ָ壬űܿȴôܣԽԽ
þô
üͷһ壬ô£ͷ֮ʱȴִʧҲֻʣǧ
ɱ
ٸ꣬ɱ죬תۼѵǰ
֮ȴֲȫãְγīһս֮꣬˳ʮԶ
ҺãµԺһλģ;סսӶ׻ٵ
սĪҴ⣬ӽս֮С
ǿ֮ͨʿҪһЩйְӦҪ鷳ࡣ
̫࣬Ͻʼ˺ۣս껮壬ѪĽжһϢ
鵶ˣΨǿѹƣȻÿһιִеһͣҲࡣ
ãҲ˲ˣħ
ŭԪӿī˪һ֮֫׷ɡ
޾ɱ֮飬˺ԽԽ࣬ѪҲԽԽ࣬У֫ʬϱأԽԽ࣬ʬǳɽ
ûκεϢûκεĴϢеīѱѪˮȾ죬µʬǶҲ塣
֪ɱ˶ãֻоԼսѾû֪ΨбܵʹȻٲϵոŵǰ顣
ȿȡ
غ𣬵ǰѹµٶȱŻ죬̧ͷȥȴֲ֪ʱǰ޿վ
絽һûкҹͰ֣֮·֮ʱĻңһж޹
ԼƽջָĿ࣬һֱûκνչΪͻƵļ
ϧﲢʲôȫĺõط̸ıء
֪ʲôʱٴγ֣ⲻ֪ʹȻȱǣսҲ㣬Ӵϰ֣ʵӦ
̤̤
òѹƣָЩʱԶսڣתۼ䣬ͷڼѻն
һͷЯսһ飬սꪵĳԶ
ûûˡ
һŰΧϵͷīѪ˳ʣһεµʬ֮ϡ
أ
սٿ棬㹦ʤһܲɷֵϣһʱ޷ƾ֣ٶȾѪ
˰
ù£ᷳԹսꪲܣӲһꪡ
ս壬Ⱦ죬ȴһֻѪ߬סڹͭɫսѴ綯֡

ʱսꪴīӹꪣһˣ˳Ʊܿꪡ
ȱһ϶ݳֽһקϣһǰͷһۡ
ȿȡ
ݵһ˲սּ䣬ѳоҸɣʼ͵ؿ
ÿһꪶпɽʯ֮ɵźƷĹ壬У忪ʼ֧
սꡣ
ŴжսꪣֻоһϢϴĴ뾭ѣֻǿѹ£źһЩ
ûв´սꪾԶǰȻǼֻǣʱ̫ãմȾ˹ֵһ
սе˵ָԭԣܺСĿܣˣҲ֮һ
һѷϣؽԳֺܴѶ̫в⣬սô£ʣоյһһƣô˵ҲսܹƷֵƷߣȻӮòʣϾӮˡ
һսꪣ׼պúооսꪶв̫󣬽ʵͿ˵еڵԪ໥֮ãÿһʽܶ
֮ԽԽأﱾڤ罫ʿô
ƿڤظĴţΪλĻ磿
벻ףֻץһʱϢˣҺط൱ŨָҪ߿˲ֹһ
ϵѺأ˾ˣˣȫ農ĵϧȱľʱ䡣
ﲻ֪ʲôʱֻ֣ô㲻Ҳᱻ
ʱеСһҲüôҲⰡ
ţٴγ֣ͷһ̾һòǿٶȰγī
սֺû˼Ȼһ浹ɱͨˣڲϵսҲԽԽսЩкۣܲ˷ǲ
֮ȻͬˣսӼңҲأûѡ
ԼѲ֪ɱ˶ÿһǧƪһɵսˣˣȻսˣˡ
ɱɱ£ĸо
ֻһֱȥ
ңطƺô׾
ϵ˲ûж񻯵ӣʱڴ˷·ѾãֻһһۼӣҲһ
룬ܹȥص᲻̾
պ֪֪
ûʱ䣬սɱһռıɱռ˱ɱһһ֣
սꪶѳСɽͷۣҲȥ
ٵսꪾ۶һѣѡ
ﲻϳ֣һһεսӦҲԽԽɣʱѲ൱սǵɱ¾вһ㣬ս
īϵѪˮûиɹζ˱ǣЩġ
ûʱӣ˵еѾҪ裬ǻвϳֵ飬ɵΪԼܿѷ
ɱˣˣĵҪˣǣҪһֱɱȥ
ĥԶԶϵʹһҪȥִ֣Ѿеīսꪽķѡ
ڼֲסҪﵽıԵʱΧĻͻȻǵسѷ죬Ȼһѿ
ǰ˲䣬ɭϵĴУһƥСһڳԵ˼̨һӣƿþ֮Դ
þˣһƥǳܾõС
һӣͷˣСԵĺܼʱؼһ̣ԵؼĶ
ֻС̵ʲôƺһӣھʲô֪
̨ϣһҳɫֽţһѹѪɫһϽ񽣡
ת̨ǰСƥ̬ãʾл
ꡣ
СûзӦһֱʮֶӵΪλ仯֮
̨ǰŽɫֽţãҧָѪˮȥֻʢɫֽŻȻΪһĨû֮ڡ
ͬѪɫϽϣȻâһӲǽѪ𿪣Ͻܡ
˹ĵĲУǱҰģ۾һУתһץһɰľϮȻ˵ϵĲ֮֡
ջת򳤽ȴһ
ҲϵСףȻ֪ô£񽣲һʼ;˾ˣڤż֮ڵȴĳ˵ĵԲ
ղСӣ¾ҪԶþ֮С
ΪСΪûбþͲ֪ˣֻǣҲʵ޷һƥᱻþס
ʵǣС˱˵ӣ˱˵Ľɫֽţ￴ȥȴִߡ


43 ڤ
Ǿᣬκʱ򶼾ᣬôôݣڻþУò׿ǰȴò
ʹ裬ͺͱһҲҪߡ
ꡣ
Сһڴͨͨģͬһ㣬ţûմ

𣬵ظ⣬һڤγ֣ǰĺڰ޳һʮɣת۱ѿ
һϣСߣ֪˭ţͷ棬ڰ޳вܹԸġ
һѾˣȥܡ
ڤظĴܴ󣬼̨֮һʮɷԲѪأѪѸɣΨѪζòɢŻ
ڤνͣ˼̨ǰһ˫۾ż̨ϵ񽣣һո
һ۵ѪɫâҪɳȴɫâʢѹ궯ϲ·ִʲô
գָƽҲ֮Ĭ
ߣ
֮УһߣȻԴ˽ΪȻ飬ڤظ֮У˭޷ǿ
Ůþò
ʱ֮⣬һа̬һϮгĻüĿЦȴ˻ĺ⡣
ڤӣ㾹ȻҲˡ
еŮдһ˿ŭǰǰʮֲϲ
ѣǣһֱŰ
ڤǰ̨ǰһνǳЦ
еŮûԵĻԣǶ˯˺ܾãš
ڤڤǿֻĵ˾޵ͬʱ˿־塣
ҲΪ𡣡
ڤʵŮҲٶ˼ǳʵ
˵ǣ𣿡ڤָḧϵһĨΣյĻȣ֪ܶ˶֮Ȥˡ
ӡУŮ
ΪŮ˽ڤӵģϧ
ڤӸĳ̾һĨˣ̾ƺΪŮĲʹ
ԨαŻ
Ůڤʵ̣طֻˣ˭ޱ˽ԷȻᱻٵı
ڤת¶ɫ̾ᣬ˵Ѱ
дŮһЦ仰Ļԣ
ڤӣû㣬ͬĻֻ
䣬ŮԸڴ˷ʱ䣬ڰ޳ţͷ̧Σڤλȥʱʧ
ޱڴ
ڤḧŵһâɷлָȴ粻֪һ˿˿Ѫ˳ŵ£ĵ졣
ܾڤӵѪȴҲݣֻǾزڼ̨ϣѪһҲ
ڤӾؿܾ֮Ц죬㽫ȾѪɫ

з飬֪˺ûٻͷǶаŵĵģҲòߣˮԵľҲ
ʮ⣬һ·߶ûꡣ
ϣ۲òĶҲܵõ
ڹеܲǶԵͲܿƵˣȻܲˬȷʵûа취
̧εţͷ涼򲻹˵е˻ˡ
СȻͨ죬Щ֣ľǱһ
ꡣСп˵Թҷ
ҳԶֻ
òߵ֮ȻкܴԹСһʱҲҲܼ죬㲻ٹ
ŵɣˣҸղ˵ˡ
ӻþгԺ󣬻Ͷ˺ܶ࣬߶߶ʵҲ⣬˭ڻþб˲֪죬»Ǽ꣬ûһˣֻ붼ûУеֻһȺһȺ㲻裬Ҳ̬
Сʹ࣬˵ʲôżһҲǱ߶ķˣʾһ¿顣
ϧͲںĿ顣
ڴ˿̵СĿҲǿɰġ
˵ֻҪǻģǿɰġ
ڤĴ֮һƬߣӿݣľʯŹֵĵһͷ˸оͷ쬵ġ
üͷ壬طϲز˵ߡ
ǲмˣƽؾͱһ˷ѾĵΣⲻҪô
˿СһºߵϵջǷһ￴ȥû⣬ԲԶ˵ٰˤˡ
ˤȣٿֵ̫á
һ룬ʵҲˣûˤ²ú֪ҵʲôϣջþûС˳˵˲ǧ꣬ǲôҲ˰ɣ
ƣԻ˵ô໰гġ
Сף˵Ǻ𣿡
תΣһŬСӣһʵ
ꡣ
СܣҲ̲סʾһ²м
Ҿ֪϶ҲôΪġ
ֵüЦ
ꡣ
Сһۣ޳ܵࡣ
ȵȡ
ͻȻһ̧ͷһΧĵΣһֲõԤС
òǴ˵˵ʮ˵ɣ
üͷ룬ǰ񻰴˵ԵĲ࣬ԼǵòǺڤǲʮ˲ţ
һ̾鵽ʱ٣һû֪ǰͶ࿴Щй񻰴˵顣
˲֪ãһһԹԼĸҲɵֱð̣ȴĵطƺԶ߲ͷ
Сףǲɣ
תΣ
ꡣ
Сתͷһʾǿԭ·ء
ĬƬ̣ҡҡͷܸоʲôµĹʼղлͷͷ
ꡣ
Сǰߣ˼ǲؾͲأҪһ
塣
С̬Ⱥ⣬ѵһЦܻȥһһ΢õ㡣

˰󣬾һһѵ;ƿݣʱ֮ϣͻȻһһʹĳߣ֮ڣҳɫֽû󣬾ʼ
ʵ㡣
ŭһȣʲôʱˣһﾹȻڶ
Сһԡ
ҳֽ·Ķͷʱǿܹ棬ȻеɢĲ࣬ҳֽҲ޷ֺƽ
ɫ쳣ѿҪҲһᣬöҰһ㡣
ˡ
ҳֽƺһ㣬ƽϢ
ʲô磬һֽҲܳɾ
һ֮һͷһԼûƵͷ
ٻƵˣҲһΡ
ǿһ˿ų̂ȡĽɫֽ֮У񣬵ˣǰһƣȻڤȻ֪γȥǲһԶͳָ·
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44 
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45 
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һĬĬ̾ϢȥҲϻͷһۡ


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ȻûָʱܹеˣֻǣȴҲ֪
սعȻ˹еһЩˣԼߣǣб½δ빬ľԲࡣ
ѵ˵̸ʹейϵɣºµָһ衰ϲ衱
¹ǰСˡ
ػһ䣬º·ŵĻǱݣռݻʳضε̸ȻֻǼ򵥵̻ѡ
ӹºЦ
¹Щˣ֪ܷæһ䡣
ס⣬ټ̸ȥ񻹲ûȤҲûʱ䡣
ºһû뵽˸ɴľ̸ܾȥ΢вȴûб¶ϣʱһЦԺΪ׼õķ䣬ʹӹȥ
ˣҹȥС
䣬תγԺȥסʮգԺԺһҲİ
һС㣬һСܸȥСԴһ⣬úõôֱŤˡ
䲻
ݺҿ˿͹۵۵
ɣҴɨġ
СԴ
Цתǰ˿ĿĸŮͷιҼָŵҪңҲΪ׼ġ
С˺죬ϽǰͷζôЩˡ
Щ˰ôӣ
ʵһ˲ˮСѾͷǮٵĿôЩ
ѯʣ¶һ˿˼ЩŤ㱻ǸŮ˴ߺ½ĳɺʱָҡ
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ûй˼Ӳ˼ˣŤǮ湻ˣͻ㡣
Ǻǣ棬Ҳ
ЦҪôҲûãУСѾͷֵܿıʲôҪ
º¼Ȼ㲻˵ʲôЩӣպҪߣ벻Ϊ֮·
뵽ͷһʯͷʱŹһЦ֪УСѾͷȻһСš
һԣŵЩ̹ԼͷξҪܣϢҹ㡣
СѾͷߺϵЦݽʧĿ£͹˻ʹиߵʵػʳǵʮа˾ҲѾ¶
Ҳãδ빬Ʋ֮Ҳ֪ϢֻҪҪһЩͨЩߴعС
ôһܲ³˼
ԳäĿΣܵġ
ǰĻ˵ǳԲзۡ

δ빬⣬ӹһλŮֽչһۺһĨ죬첽ϵĳػʳˡ
֮ϣüͷ΢΢𣬵ʱʲô𡣡
Щһ˿ǣǱߡ
졣ȵֹ˵ȥ
˼ţһж̻ر
ǡ
Ӧһſ첽߳ǰȥš
͵Ļʸϣר£ÿһÿһ䶼ûдÿһ鶼Ҫһ顣
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ǡ
Ӱʧ
Ůɴ֮ڣǰһλŮعڵϣϴһĨɲľ⡣
ȷصʳǵǷŵˣɴд֮
ɽɱĵطֹκӡǣʮǰФսĵطҲҵӡǣɺϵĻʮа˾žŮش
ɴ֮ѽ޵һ˿ЦôɺϣƶϣܹܺпҲѾˡ
ŮͷҴ𻰡
ȷʵҲܹ뿪ķѰϧǰЩӷѩ̫Ҳۼ
̶̲һӵĹڣĻʹУȨƵԶĻع˷ӦͬĿĸǲͬ
ҲµԼѾ¶ҲûҪΣϢ󣬱سˡ
ڻһʱ䣬Ҫȥһ˶ɰҩ
ϵһֱѹҲǳ֮£ƹҽͰ˵ĺѩѵӦûа취
Ȼɰҩʱӭһ벻
飬λīĲŮӡ
ǰɴһǳɫȴֲȴ΢Բ԰׵ϴһĨǳǳЦݣȥ쳣
ͬʱҲ˼棬һЦûΣҲûйϤ
鿪ʵǺ
ˡش
ɡ̾ȻΡ
ȷʵɡ˵ͷҲû뵽ôһ
ҩУƹˣҲû⣬һȴͻȻ̧ͷϵ¶һĨ𾪡
ֵܣôˣ


48 һķ
Ѳ֪ôֻͣӦһ䣬ˤˡ
ƹüͷһ壬첽ǰץǰߵֱۣ֮ɫҲԽԽѿ
о𣿡
Цһʵ
ĪҪ˵軰
ƹüһ䣬อܴ˼оȣȷʵ鷳
⣬Ц˲żѾܾˣΪɡ
ƹע⵽ŮӣɫЩŹ֣СÿŲͬŮӣңһһƯ
֪ƹʲôЦݣҲܲ¸š
ϡ
ڽһ䣬ƹЩΪϲ𣬶ô˼뻹ôš
Ǻǣ
ƹ֪ЦһͲ˵ˡ
ûٽͣ˦һİۣ
룡
ƹһ֣ǿǰŮӵ
ƹİߵеﰸǰ£˼˳
ƹַŮӵ󴦣ãüͷٴ

תǰɫʵ
岻ܿҲǧʳѰҽ
Ҫ׼
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ƹĻɫû̫仯ϰˣûʲôʧġ
һжʱ䡣ʵ
һꡣƹʵش
üͷ壬ȴҲû˵ʲôԼ壬ƹеһʱ䡣
ЩĴѾʤö٣õ鵤ҩʤϧЧ΢
ҩһǧѪǡ
˵ƹһЩΪѣղǴ㽫˲θСӵġ
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ǧѪһͺܹ󣬸Ҳ˷ѡ
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ʮ
ۣһڽȽеĲ˳ŵʵ٣
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ȿȡˮǺˣԲֲֹõϲô󷽣һСԪֵƨƨߵģԭ˼һ֣⡣
ƹǰŮӣûмڣҪ۲ʱǮԭǿϡ
ȻҪĻӶپνˡ
ҩǳҵģҩȻҲǳҵģţʮӱʺһѡߡ
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Ǯˡ
һ̾˱ˣϵӼҲһһ֮
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ȻֵǾʶȥС
˵䣬ƹľе˹ȥһԿƤֱʮҪŶˣƹ᲻ῳ
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΢һЦƷá
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һԵţ꣬һһѵĲˮ
УǸˣǿȴҲʵĿ࿴
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ȿȡùҩ˰죬ָϱߵһζҩģѩ⻨ӦûʲôðɣҪȥ
ƹӵؿǰߣҩ

ͷƤؼţȻָһζҩģ̽Ҫȥ
ƹеı֮ɫԽԽŨˣ̲ҩ㿴Ű졣
ͷۣһᣬ¿ˮ̵˵Ǯ
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۵شóһСȻ󻩻ص˳ʮ
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ãȴҲû취һ۵óһСԪȻʣ˹ȥ
Ƿ߰ʮ
ƹӹ̨Ͻ˱д°˸֣һҳĿ
Ƥƹеıʣһһ̶һĹǷ˾޿
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ϰԵˣʱƳҩ֪з취׬Ǯ
еĺѹûҪʵڶˡ
ȱǮ𣿡
ڣһ˿ԽԽǰ꣬ߵ˼ƺԶһϡ
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˼ͷȱǮȱˣԴ䣬ûǮ
ڹʱеǮԴһǮû·Ǯƹģֱºߵծ
סģ
ʱѲ磬ҪȥϢ˳·׼ʹ˷ֱ
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¥һĨŹ֣ʵ
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վ̸ǰСЩôˣǼһôû
ֱŮץ˰ɣ
ʱһװͰ͵ȥһʲôʱˣ㻹֪
ǺǣˣɣԷһСѾͷɣһСѾͷѵһҿԣֱ̫Ӱеˡ
գȥɡ
СѾͷڻңëëϸֱӹɵ֣꣬һ¾ͽȼķ罽ˣҾ̫ܣǵо̫ǿ
ѵ˰죬Щڿʣע⵽飬СɲǼùŹ֮
һųȥһ˾ʹһôŮˣҲ̫ˡ
СѾͷϢĹڲ죬ɫܾʣڵһȥˡ
ڡ˵ͷ
ˣͷСʵ̫ҲϲƯŮ𣿡

˲ˣ˵
̫𣿲ǣǣǣ
Լ°ɡ
Ƶ˦һ仰תγǰȥܳˣܰС̫ݣ䱯ߣơ
ʲôʱվڻʳ֮ϣһ䣬Ҳ̫࣡
鲻ˬĬĬض뷹ȻطϢˡ
̸ַһֱʱŽʱ֮󣬲ۿ˻ǸеŮӶѻطϢ
ҹ䣬¸գϢһٺ䶬£Ǹһ䣬ɴŻĶѡ
Ժ֮Уۣתµǰӱ¹⻹䡣
ʱһĽƿն»ȷ绹졣
ˣ˻˷Уѵһ˷š

̴ţȴѴ̲˵
ͬһʱ䣬һī͸Ŷûһů塣
ȴΪ¹ĺ


49 β
¹͸ֽ̿͵Ӱӡϣĸоݣͷ·һĴ㣬ƻ
ΪԼı̬Ϊ˱һ̬ĸо
š
һƺߣŮӵβס
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ͻȻԶһµļ˲㣬˱޿ɱܡ
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һдŭѵΣûûˡ
īһתŮӵ嵲ǰڵһ͸룬Ů֮
˲ͣ˷ӦĻᣬץ͸ļһɾӶʱѵһײѰٵϡ

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ܸߣй⣬⣬¹⡣
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գǾȥһϣҲҪɵһһϡ
ɵȻǡ
¥Ķܹ鲻ʺ¡
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Աӣʼδ̫⣬вǲмеĹϲû˸еѹȵϢ
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ȫע֮󻺻īգµĵˣɲڴϻᱻһ֧Ϣļ
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Ȼ򵥵һһȴɫ䣬Լζܲ
֪óһǰһߣǽ
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˱ֻܲܺᵶӣصһ½֡
ಣ
һöīɫĹâ֮䣬˫һһĨš
㡭㡭
˵ˣǰһʸڲףŲ˵¿ʼƽһս
ɵϣƭġ
һĨĮĻȣڵ
Ϊƽһǹƽ
䣬ŵľǵˣ֪ǵˣţɵϣʲô
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мŹһЦûģҲûеļץĻϻ㵹ͬߵķһȥ
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۾һУ֪ʲôԼҵˣ֪
ϵȻɢ͵Ĺâ˵سɷȴܳɵֻǹ
Ǿ仰ϣ̫ƽ


50 
ҹѹ룬ӵĴ̹ǣо˫ֿʼˣЩķ꣬һ
ʮɣмĲ๭ͼɢڲԶɢĹâ
һѺù۵
ʵ֪ʲôĹãʲôĹãֻƾŸоۡ
ѹһΰ˸͸һֲһ˸͸֮νޡ
ĲʲľͷһֿĽĹ춫̫࣬Ҳֲ
๭ڲ֣ӴƺЩͷӦֵǮ
ӽ๭ģҲġ
ȥ·ЩԶƵţʯ·ϣ֨ѽ֨ѽЩ̶Ҳȿįǿ
ƽڱ£ƺҪѩˣûûˣ˲ˬ
żȻмϸ΢֪ڸһһ
ҲЩֻҪûɱ졣
жȻҲų̽ӣС˴ˣӿɾʹˡ
ϣµ˲࣬ϧһ
β·ϣԾһ£ε΢΢ЩӲ
ҪѪ˰ɡ
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˰ӿˡ
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㡣
òЩ֪˵ʲôһЦк
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ߣ
һԣһߣв̵ͬʱСһŭ
ʱȣӣתǰеŷ˹ȥǣ̫Ҳʵûа취Ż²
ӹţһѱ˺Ļᣬ㿴ˣ
ǱӪϵĽеĻᣬǼҪ֮²ʹã˽ţҲ
˼ͷûô֪ء
ҲûƽϣƽϵĻСӷµĴʵھ̫ˣһٻضӶࡣ
ţ￴һۺ΢΢һɫԽԽ
һ


51 
ŲΪ٣ĩонĽӡݵǣ̫ˡ
ŵĲҰףɫѿеݡ
Ϊ棬ôľͻһĵˡ
ﲻҳŵѾɣʣµѲġ
ʳ㲻ܴˣ׼ȥġţϵ
һҪڣȴֹ
֪ܣĻʱȻһֹ
һϳһỊ̃ǧðΣţߣҲ̫ˡ
һЦʾûϵŤͷųҪȥһˣܳЩ鷳ɷһ̡

ͷͬ⣬˵ĲȷʵףĻʲһпܳƵ߳ʳǣҪȥֻʬ塣
˷ȻٳȥһλӰ¶һĨȴ
Ļʵǽڻʳڣһǣɱ⣬лʺָͬǲҡ
˵˭ܿĻʵϣﶨȻ֮һ
ûܹӳһڴ֮ڵӰĻҲС
еϱۣｫͳǺԼȴú߼ȥ
ŵһǻʺŵû֨һ˵鳵кˡ
ʳڣӰؿԶԶȥȴ̤Ű벽
ԭܼ򵥣ǰվų
߰ɣǻȥ
Ѿʧǰкһתȥ
һ̾Ҳȥ
Ѱﲻպ·ֻԼˡ
һ·Уʱеߡ
ĵһѾ꣬ʣµľȥһ˽ǣĺѩ
Σյ顣
ڴĻʳУϾŹشڣĻҲҪ˼ɶ෽Ӱ죬̫޼ɵ
ǲͬһûκιصĵطеĽΨһĹء
ǿΪǽʵдա
ĺѩ֮ǰֻˣǿ߾ۼĵطȴǽǣλǿ߶޷ϵʵ
һѽµڽоܷȴδʡ
ѽǽǱһſԽʵĿ´Ľء
񽣳ֳһλ죬Ϊµλǿߣýǵһ㡣
Ҫ֪ҹв֪µĿֲطҲֻ죬ǧ޵еĴĸǽһǿ
ڽУһۣ˵λǿµĺۼÿһнԳǿޱȵĽ⣬µĽ˵Կܵջ
ǵλǿ߲ûֹ¸ظĽߣʮǰλʲˣʮλҲѾﵽ˾Ʒ磬ǿѾҪİ벽һԵпܿʣµİ벽Ϊλ졣
ǣ֮⣬Ǵû˼λǿߣֻܴӽǸܵޱǿĽ⣬âȴȻ½߳
˭֪ѽ֮ʱжô£ǷƥԽ졣
ǰ·עƽ̹ģĺѩѳΪ죬뷲˲ͬĴڡ
죬һ˵ˡ
ܹ֮ͨˡ
ѲǷܹľ磬ǿߺٳ֣ʱֻΪһڡ
ȥֻΪһ𰸣֪ΪҲȥɡ
ڻҰ񱼣һ·ûͣ£ѩƮ㣬ĺۼܿʧ
ȥǣҲҪʮ죬ʮڣҪ뾡һа취ԼʵһЩԱ֮
뻹δĺѩͱǵȺӿ
ǿĴڣƫִĴ֣ദıǽߣͬڹʱƢһ

Ļʹѻعĳֱ͵Ļʡ
֮ϣĻǰյӰصϢ֪˻ʳз¡
ʺʲô𣿡Ļʲûнƴµ˼ɫʵ
ȻҪԸıʺĹϵ
£Ǳصһš
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ЩǲҪǰǣ浽ļƻʧԲòСġ
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ǱߴϢС̸Ǹ˵䣬ɫЩѿҲǸյõϢϧ̫ˡ
ţüͷһ壬һĨ졣
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ǡ
֪ǰһ컹̸ŮӾҪһеҪأ˵д˿Ե˴棬һĲֵ
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֮УĿҪͻƺƷ֮ϧ˼κεķˡ
Ʒֻһֽ֮Ȼһֽľ룬ȴӲסĽŲ
ţƿǺ顣
飬ļãǿͻƣпܻľȶ߻ħ
һ;ˣͻʧܣպҪͻƣǲܵġ
ڵԪС࣬ǻһĲࡣ
ĵһҳɫֽϵ֮һ֮ڶҳɫֽŵĹЧҪܶ࣬Ҫԭ򣬾ΪͻƾĴ
ңڶҳɫֽϵʽ񶼲޵ֱ
ָоһӰǰȴ˸ǳġ
֮ΨһصһУһֱչȴܻһʩչ֮۴Щ֣ȴز֮һɣ᳹ɱ䡣
ڵڶҳɫֽϵĹڿ֮Ҳûҵ֣ԣȡ˼֣
֮֮֮
ȻȨ⣬Ǿó֮΢һЩܸое㲻Ծ
֮ÿʱɿĳɳʱж̣ݡ
һĹԽΪأתҲ֮࣬óҪӱ
ϣɡ
ͻȻ䣬ڱܵƥһ˻ǰ͵̧𣬲㽫Ʒȥ


52 
ǰһ޴Ĺ֣·һ϶֮䣬ô粽С
γǰȥеһǿ󵽼µ־ڵѪʱ˷ڼ
Ȼ˿ֲǿߣܽԼ־ӡ֮䣬òɢ
Ʒ۷ǿѾ٣֮Ӷھ磬ǻǿļˡ
ǣ֪֮оûز
Ψ죬˾춯صʵ
Щ£Ѿڣ֮£һߣΨнǰϵĽ
еѹӳأ˭֪ǰѽδ֮²츳ǲ⡣
һ̶ܴѾʾǵǰѽѾ˷˵ķ룬Ҳ赲޵еĽ⡣
⣬һеĽܴﵽ˺Ȼľ硣
ѲˣĽһѿĽ
ѹ½߿ĳǣֻһѽ
֮īڲҪϵĽУסīһ˿룬ѹƽĲ
īȻҾͲٳκ˺ͽ
һīֹסƺٻӦ˵
·УûʸһۣǣһңԶ
ģ
ʮպ뽣ѾܽͬʱһĶΪ֮𾪵Ϣ
˻ӣˣ
ʮλӺ͹ϣĻ֮λʵֻˣȻһʣ˱ӣ˻Ӻʮӡ
λӽѾ˻Ӹ֮ƣǴ֮пܼ̳дͳ֮ˡ
˭뵽ﾹȻᱻ˴ɱǿޱȵһƣعñ˲Ρ
˲ıϢգϣȻһֱ̹ԶԻһλ̫
ˣĻλߣʵֻˡ
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˭ģһͷʢ⵽˵ϴѹ˵֮䣬Զȹ̵Ĺϵ
񣬰˻һɵǹϵ˲һ±ȻܿȻ
ʣˣѲ˭˭ֻǶѹѹ磬˭ǿ˭ѹ¶Է
ʤӵպ֮¡
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֮һ죬֮Уһҫźɫ⻪ĵ伮£īͬڶһΧĹâ
ڲʲô
ʱһߴӰ۰µϢնŤ

֮ӹ񣬿ڵйϢ
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üĿһĨɫҹս٣ĻǾ䣬ִ꣬ţ丸յķ緶
Ҹ֮ܵϢ֮ӿڵ
ţȻ
ϢҲƽ֮У֮Ȼǿһȴһ
ʮΪʼΪΪ䣬Ϊգܣľڡ
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ҫ۵ĹâУʮſ¡СءѾʣĸȻһƬ
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֮Уɷ񿴵֮䡣ʵ
֮һ֣ӿûҹ䣬֮ҡҡͷ
üͷһ壬Դ֮þԽԽӰ죬ϧͥǸŮӻüֵδʱ
ʱ֮۾һУŷ뵽ʲô˵ˣڤҲˡ
ŶǸڤеıô
ɫһĨĮ֮ףӶѡ
ڤŮڤһԱʵǿ֮¿ԿǿߣֻһڤǸӣۻĵ̶ȻʶԶԶԽκڤӡ
֮£ܹƺڤӵֻйŮ֮⣬죬Ҳɱ߳ڤӡ
Щ֮ˣǼ򵥵ǿܾġ
ڤӺ͹Ůڤƺ⣬Ҳศɣ֮⣬ѲĻǼɱڤ塣
գȥһ˶ߵĽǣѾӦ˵֤֮ս֮ǰȥ뽣λ½콻һ֣֮а
УԼսڴ֮飬߱ΪսҹѾĬ̫ãâڲȥͻᱻ˳
֮ӵͷͣ۷ѾܾãԼĲȴʼղȷҪһս̼Լ

ԭ֮ϣ۵Ѿ֮һųԼԼⲢǽǡ
ǴĶһǣ˫ǣ
˫ǣᴩıؾ֮·ϣųǵĳǽĹľɣ潣һһۼϡԿղҵսԹԭһ۹أ֪˶£ʱȻݴϡ
˳ǣȻһջס¡
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ҲˣҲҪԷ
̨ⶫԹŶټ˫ȻҲȱ
񿴵Ķһ㣬Զ󣬾ϡ
ǰƮĴϴд̨֣ӣ
ò״Ⱥм̨ǰû˵һξҪϡ
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ľ˧磬Ǳ˧ġ
˿꣬üͷԾ壬ôһм
򶼿ˣ˲ĵʵ
򣿡Щɵʲô򣬲Ǵôй
ȵȣͻȻоЩԣĴ̨ɴ֮ԼŵһλŮԴһӾˡ
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죬ɵǺǵЦһǺǣߴط˼
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š
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Ůŭһгޣžһ˦
ͻĺЩϲֻߴ˵طֵǸƾʲôҪӡ
㳤ﶼûӣŮƾʲô


53 
˭˭ˣߴ·ǺܴĴ
ǿڶԷһķϣн䱩һٵĳ嶯
һתһޣ׼ȥ
οԼˣܺŮ˼ƽϡ
ž
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ž
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ž
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ޣŭˣ͵תӣǰĵŮŭվ졣
㻹ûˣ
ˣúвŮȥɣʵ̹ˡ
һ˲ϢԽɵľ룬ƷתһӡǰĿڡ
Ů𾪣ŭ˫ֱֳһᵲסĿڣȴξ͵סѪӿ
֣һƾͲ˺󼸲ô򵥣ûʧȥǣƳʮ֣߷ֻ֣ҪѵһŮѡ
Ůгٴ˦žһ֮
ЦҪǱƱӳ鵽Ƿˡ
һץסӭıӣһקŮһۣ֡
ʵĲ޿ֲŮŭ֮£Ļ˵·˺Ҵÿʮ
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Ů˺ŭضҪγ
Աߣüͷһ壬ȴûֹŮĺ֣ӸղŵһУѿǰƺ򵥡
̨ģΧӿȺһ̾ȻǮʹĥ
ʲôʱ򣬲
ΰ
һΣϢȫɫ⻪ӿΪһɾ˲佫̨˶Ʒɳȥ
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һǰΪߣȴǿᣬǿƥкƷǿߡ
Ҫ֪ƷĵһؿƷδκ˿Ʒ֮ʱǿ
Լû⣬Ȼ֪֮ȴѽʼ¶ʮ֮УΪʼΨһҪ쾳ܽķʽͬһڸĴ˫ҲƥС
ܵĹؼҪôܴҪôܰܰĹؼ͸򵥣ƤѪӿᣡ
ĺѩ֮ô⡣
ԣܹܶˣȻȱ첲ȣˣȴվ
ǼˣŮȴǣֻǴѵһСӣıˡ
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ǣ
λýӳ̨ϣΧУɫơ
ʱ֪Ҫ⣬ֱˣҲײ׹ݡ
λŮϵǰ׳վԴڣŮ˺֣ޣʵ̫ĵ
ͬǿŮֱرײˡ衰ˡ衱
˼ӭ棬˳֣ȻƷǿߡ
粻ǴײˣܿƷǿ߸ǱضǣŮߺһܺ˺ǲˬ
ĽʼɣޣȴҲûа취˼ǿ̫࣬ޣ̫ࡣ
וּһīʣдѩ׾ٵסһеĳ漴һתڶѽ
ͬʱѵǰָֽһݣɫâӳ֣ܿ棬˫ָһ𵴿ѽ
һкϣīѩնһˡ
֣ǳԿģΪҲռƣһζıվҪ

ٽֵƱ֮ʣīת켣¶ţһ򰢴
һ˺벽ܿīâ˫ӳճĽ⡣
¶ĿųΪĿ꣬Ѿѷ
̨ԵҪֹȻ컹δ̱ϡ
ĽӭĲǿһ֧İʸ
ֽ󱳱¶ֵˣ˫Ȳ֮ͺܲϲİվ档
İʸǰݵ̨ζװţοһ̨
һĽ밵ʸ̶̶һ˲֮Ӯ׷ī
۾һʶһֻһѪɢīұۡ

䣬ӽסˣЩӦ
󣬰¶ŭɫһҪ֣ȴһƽĺֹ
ס֣
ˣⳡսټȥʰˡ
óǰĴ֮һǶٴȥȻ˵¡
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ס죡
ɫһȵ
һɫʱЩ¡
֪Ȼһͱײϣ׶ǡ
㣬֡
ǰɫʵ

ܳʵرԼ֣ɵµԷݡ
ĻһλֵһڻʳǣһλϽоǵŮĸף̩ؾ˫ǣǰˣȻ
һ޶ŮңѣȨҲλɵһλ
λ˵ԼķأʵϺͱûʲô
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ڻ͸˵һڻʳǣɡ
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ʵûʣϸҰԳ˻ûأûӡ
Կ϶ǣΡ
ߵǰãʵǸС̫ࣿ
Цŵͷ̫һӿȥˡ
ӳģʵ
šٴε˵ͷ
㣬
ߵۣʲô֪˽⵱ĻʣˣҪôΪãҪôûе
˼һЦ
ףתŵֶŮ䣬Ǹ
ɫˣдˬСղţҪˢӣſˣ˼
һߣ¶һĨ֮ɫҲ˲ú£ñǸƾʲô
ƾס˴ĵİԭƾӮƥսƾΪԼһ˫ȡ
˵䣬ɫԽᣬǿѹɫ԰ף䣬˫Ǧһ˳
Բ𡣡
ϸõصһתȦһ죬Ȼп޳ơ
ˬˣȴҲЩζŪίĺŮһ㣬ܺ߰
ûϵ
һ䣬̹ȻؽܵǸھʲôģȷʵʺ

䱻һûϵĲûˣһʱҲί˫ضǰߣ޲ʳ⡣
ƫͷѹ
ƾʲô㿴ңҾͿ㣬㳤ֲÿ
ʵ䳤ĻǲģüĿ㣬еʤഺˣ۹ѱĺѩˣٿûƻʵûʲôȤ
߰ɣҲֹˣûȥˣҲ
һˣת̨Ⱥȥ
תθϣҲܻڵĵŮ
С㣡


54 
ظ·ϣһĥĥ䣬üͷ΢壬ڵæš
ɫһ䣬ЩϴԸ⣬£˭ҷԡ
֮ɫ׵ˣֱе쬵ģò
ԼС
ʵ̲סЦһŮһ̲סͱһôľ룬㶼
ơ
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овԸ˼ʱˣܾԣСӲС
ĻѾˣڴˣһ˰һﶪι㡣
죬вͶŮ
书ٸߣҲ°£ٴ̼Ůһ˭˵ȥ
һǰ󣬻ǰУеİտ˺Ķкܸߵϣ츳׿ԽǲԸ񣬵λ»Ҫۡ
ĻʵĻλ̶ܴõԭڣ˵һĻʶԲ͵ϲҪΪ̫ӣȴܾ
ҲǵĻʶԼֵܸͬʱȴĿʡ
ʵλλҪȤŵŮڴ˺֡
뵽ͻȻʵ治֪ղŵ̨ǸʲôģеЩ뷨ֻ²ѡ
֮£ĵбͷһ۵ŮСʵʸ顣
ʲô¡
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ô˿𣡡
֮ǰΪ̨˵תߣΪ˹£û뵽Ϊ

غѣһ֣һ˵Ҫ嶯Цġ
䲻ţĸˣСӣ֮󣬶󲻹һĵӣ
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ģ
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Ҫǣ̨֮ʱ֪ݡ
ȿȣġ
һźһ߸ϽͷͬʱлͣԹԼµУﻹҪ˵ⴿǿֵĲ´
Ҫ̲סŮһô죡
䣬Ȼܴ󣬵Ҳû̫ݣǳֶŮɮҲҪ档
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ݵСȻǰУǰ棬ɫȻһһһϮؾԣֲʧ
͡
и̾ǷˣɾĪֲõﶼ㱻ָλ˫ү
ϧһȢޣֹеĳ֮Ůճյĵȣһֱȵγϡ
Ǵĵһλ棬ʱĴ档
˵յϻλĻƷϵѷɫࡣ
֪һĴĻ֮䷢ʲôĻȻ˻λȴʧȥеֵܣȻܾ˻λȴõлӵ𾴡
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һ߻УףֲһЦݵش˹ȥ
ףһˡ
̩ǺһЦ¶簮û鷳ɣ
ܣŮˡʮֹɵ

ѻ˵һµģҪû鷳ôģ·ϼ
һ䣬Ҿ鷳ġ
̩˽ԼŮ֪⻰Ҳ֣ʵܣû鷳ɣ
۰Ͱ͵ؿ壬˼˵ҪͷҾͿ޸㿴
ûбǰвȴҡҡͷûС
УղЩ㲻鷳СӶܰˡ
ԣ̩΢΢ףŽĿƵǰϣʵλǣ
֮ˡɫܵ
̩һ֣
񡣡̩¶һĨ죬ôܵ˫ˡ
İ˵漫ֶԾС̫ĸ˱ݣֻ׵·ϣҹ̵֮Ӵ£Ӵ䲻
˫ʳǾЩԶ̽ӵϢʳǼ㣬ԶԺһ£̩֪顣
̩ԴҲģʳǵ飬ڵѲԸȥܡ
ܣôѰḶ̌

һָƽ
Ŷ
̩۾΢УһϵĽһնǰꡣ
˲һܲˣīʣ䣬˼ԥѡܾ˵һС
أ
̩һתؽǰֻصһԣҡ

̩ս͵۵
ݣԵ˺ݣԼݡ
֮ʵв࣬ղսѡܾΨһȷķ
ǿ֮ս˵ʤãһ˼ɣܵĻ졣
Щˣʮֲˣһϲⱻָ̽߸ϵ̬ᡣ
̩Լãֳ˼ˡ
̩лģ́ҶԽûȤһҪٻᡣ
䣬תαҪߣǿڳϣ˭ǿ
ȻϧΪ˻ʲô
Ϊʧ޼ۣ


55 ѹ
ĽڹڹҲڹ
ƽɬ˵ƤǶһֹ۵̬ȣıƼˣɻ¯죬һΣҲһΡ
ȵȡ
ʱڣƽɫӸղһʾ
ͣ£еִ֡°ٲΡ
תԵ̩磬ҴģҵĿˣղŵ̽Ҳϲ
䣬ǰǰ꣬ɫ̩ǱֳҲҪǸǷ˵ҴģҵĿˣκð֮
סĵУĲٴξˣ˲֮⣬˫
ֲ˶ΪĵĴ棬ڵĴȷʵĪ
˵κǵȴƵĻԡ
գջ仰
ϣκεȱ㣬в㣬źȱ㡣
ҲΪղŵçײǸͷ
ǽһ£ɫ΢΢ͣٴοڵ
Уȷʵѡ֮⣬ų۹⡣
ὣ֮£һ̾ʵȷʵҪ
ʲô£
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΢ʵڲΪһҪѡ룬ʵʵ˵ҪȥǼһˡ
Ž֣üͷһ壬һҪȥ
һҪȥ
ͷصԶǧڼĺѩǰͷ
˼һȥǣĽ̡
֪ǶôΣյĵطһȥܾҲ޷߳
ģʣã
ʮꡣڵ
ܡԥؾܾʮ̫ԷҲȥʮɡ
˵üͷ壬Ŀݡ
һꡣᶨ
˼һʱ̫̣ȷʵʮҪһ̡
ԡ
գǵͷʽЭ顣
ҲʹһΪ֮ˡ
Ϊһ꣬÷ڡ
Ľİѣװڽ֮ڣΣ֮ϡ
İѽѣˮһѣʣһװĺβ
İѺܲһĽһһȣˮᲨʣһѣܲκϢȴǼɵ
ڣղ˵ȴоһŤ
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ǰһֱһˣһˣû뵽ƺҪ롣
ͺǰɡƬ̣üͷ£
˳һЩӣҲӦһǰ
Ժһñˡ
ǰǺʱܳȥǡ
֮ǰȺһȥȡѽ
һ䣬ǰȥ
һ㶣Ȼתθϡ

Էѩ˫ǳһӭ֮أλȪ֮ϣů紺滨Ʈ㣬ͬѩ
˫ǲͬԭط˵شڵʱ̫ã֤ԭʳ˥Դͷǹϵˡ
˵մı󣬾˫ǵӰӣĽ֮ĻΪ书׼һϮ
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գԷУӭһλĿˡ
ȻǱΪһһ˵ī
ԣīѱ֮һϧΪ״ӣָ࣬տɴ
ԷѩУ˫λ֮ϣһɫֱֳͬɫ˿ƴڷ̽ڹ̶ţ޳ͦıֱƽȴֲʧȡ
һԣھЦƣһߣ˫۲תⲻʱɨλī̺˭ó
۳˼ʮЯһٮٮˣŸĶʵ
Ȼʱһλ֮ͻ
󣬴յĽ̡
Σµģֻһġ

˫վɫѿὣ
ȡ
ڣƽвһ仰ȴڳɫһ䣬˭֪˫ǳһһ֮Ϊֹ꣬ԷѩС
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֪ܣû˽ưˡ
ʮǰ˽͵˳ݺܼ򵥣ҪôؼҹȥͽҪôԹȡ
ϧý½֪ΪĻֻҪڳ͢ĽڻҵĽѡ
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ǿļˣ̫࣬
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䣡
Ľӣɻ˪лײˮ˪ХۣջΪһᰣڳˡ

ڣ˫һת𿪷ˡ
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һһңٴϣϣغӦսĵ档
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أ
һƺߣ繩ӵɳȥϢҴܣתɢȥ롣
Ѹ˻ᣬϣܹúϧ
ĮؾһʧΪ·뽣֮С


56 ὣ
˫ʣڳһƬžǿȫƷ۷ǿ߾Ȼôˣܵĺ޵ֿ֮
ͬ𾪵︽ӣƷǿߵսҲΣѹԵʵǵһμ
λīһĨս⣬Ƭ̺ȴֱѹδսĵʱ
ǿ˫ɫһƬ࣬ôû뵽λܵ˳ס
ʮȥĵĴѳԽͬʱκˣһ;ϣߵĺԶԶ
䣡
𾪵ʱһߵԷѩ룬һֻһ¡¡ؾУ֮ϣһ׵ѷ֡

ͻ𶯣˫˯ǿڣһ˵Ϣѹ£ҪֹὣΪ
һߣԪ漴һϢɢعޡ
ʱҲֹ˱ȡֹ꽣Ҫˡ
䣬һתӶѵĵطһ㽫ֹ꽣γ
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ָ㣬֮ӡһӣ⻪Ľٶһѽ
ǣ
ݵذ磬·ʯѹķ顣
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˫ǿ־ѸپѣҪƷȴһϢֹȥɣһؽѣֵô󶯸ɸꡣ
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֮ϣ˫ǳ˫ֱ߬¶ȴֹ涼ˣ˵ʲô
߰ɡ
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˵Ͳ˵ûʲôԥģרĸ·ɡ
һЦδ׷ʣҲں˶ܣҲ⣬ÿ˵ܲΪ˵ĺĶڵģǿ
΢ɿΪĲ֪˵
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һ񣬹лǰָ㡣
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Լ䣬ܸоԼʲôϸܣָоʧ
ǰһĨ죬ٴηŻСͻƲԶˡ
Ʒһ֮󣬺գ粻ȥ֮ܡ
СӵĸǿĽƽһͻһʵȻһС
·䣬Ľһֱ˼أͣǰС
ҲͣվһԣԲ
䣡
Լôʱ֮ϢȻɫâʢԲһڣ¶Ѹˮᣬ˪Ʈ㡣
ػ±ذ˷ӿε죬Уལ֮
һ̣嫵ϯ˪ӿڣһٳƾؿֱƷ۷塣
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һϢ
֮УɫתӾ磬Ҫǿдؼȡһ
һ̣¶ˣһǰһӣֹ꽣ָ㣬Ʒ⡣
ָתȫۣƷĺ֮ע֮ڡ

һʹƺУɫâΪٴƹأƷ֮
飡ͬһʱ䣬ɫ΢΢һ䣬¶ȡ
дȷ飬ǻǽͻ֮ʱΣ˵ľ㹻滹޷֡
ֲСӻĸƽҲС
ĺ֮ᣬֹ꽣ʱţһӣؽͻؽ֮УȻ˵һԣ
֪˶ãȶס徳磬˫ۣذȥлǰȫ
ȻͻУܶʶδգȻ֪ʲô˴
˺֮ĻԽϢӰ죬ӡڽУ͸㡣˵ͷƽ
ؽԽԽã֮ಢԽԽã֮ǰӡ˴֮Ϊԭ
߰ɣѾ˲ʱ䣬ٲ·֮ʱ͵˽ǡ䣬תǰȥ
ͷҲתθȥ
֪Ϊע֮ʱѾڵҳɫֽţ֪ҳֽ飬飬ֻ֪ڶѣһŲ֪
׷ףʱж̣֪黹кܶࡣ
ҹɫ£һǰһ󳯽ǷȥԲҹ
ڣ֮ʱ˽·
һҾ޴Ļĳǣϡ٣ߺܾöһӰǣΣյĳǣΪֵһӰпǲ˵ǿߡ
½ߵʥأȴҲ½ߵĽأ֮Уֹɱ¾ΨһĹǿΪ
ǵĽֵϣŽսĺۼÿһٶָ֮ѪˮصǣѾɺԣȴе˱ǵζ
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Ǵʧأͱ˵ʵ
һ⣬ȴһֱڻر⡣
󣬵һ˵һһһһһһ·ˣô


57 ɱ
к⣬쳣⣬֪Ҫλشĺѩô죬ֱ
ϵλ죬Ը⣬˭ܴ
ĳѩ˵ǳǰѽϲѩԣ֮ѩ²ĳ֮С
ĳǺһֱߣҪˣ·ȻӦ
ʯϣݰ磬һ˫Żĳǣÿһ֣Ѱÿһ䷿
ǰɵһѰң˵Ҳֹ
ĳǵĽֵֹǧֹǧң
һɵϼΣ
ĳǳҪҪ
֪Գ䴫˵ֱŽӡʵеغ
еǸС̫֣࣬ûأȴ壬иΡ
˴˵еСӢۣ£ı𾴡
еᣬ°ĺ
Ȼһˣһ̣ȴ˷һ㣬ȴֿꡣ
Եظںߣһ˫ƽ޲̶
״̬ʵΣգ֮УɻǱľȡ
ŸոͻƷ֮ǲܼᶨΪпʱ˻ȥ
ȻĳҪѰҵ˶ԣΪҪҪĶࡣ
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Ϊ˻ȥ޻ǣҪϧĶƨ㡣
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ĳĺܴһһڳѰţûϣĿ⣬ûʧ̾Ϣֻǧƪһɽȥظ
ĳǴǰһĹųǣ˫ǻҪǿ󣬺սң㽥û꣬ĳǵԽԽ٣ǳеһѽѱͼ
ʵϣ߰ٶûҪԭ򣬾ǴĽǰս̫Ƶպͽʿĵս
ĳ֮ǰѾû˼ǵãڵҪôΪĳǣҪôΪǣûںԭʲô
һʱܶݣ峿ǵɫѲ֪Ѱ˶ٽֵٷݡ
н߿ˣ֮ܿУûΣ˭ƽ޹鷳
סһߣĺѩһ飬ѯǷ
ǣҲǸĽãԻĳǵϤ١
ʵǵ˶ΪѰǰѽĺۼҪԴͻơ
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Ϊ׵İϳǰһ󹧾ҵȴȥĪҪ֡
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ǡ
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ŭµʧǣ΢̧ɫâ˲ʢʮ˾ڡ
䣡
ɲǼ䣬ױȵʮ͵һԣδüӦ˪Ʈ䣬īʣѩһī⻮Ѫ
˲Ϣľ㵣ҵı仯λδסصص֮ϡ
𾪣ŭΪĻʱܹ˼̤
ʣˣ׼Ϊ飬棬çײϡ
ӱ˪ֳīɱΪȣʽ֮йء
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ƿغ֮λӰǲӦȻȻɺ˫ÿһƣǰӰʤһ
ս޹¶һ˿ͣץס˹ļ϶衰ء衱һλӰν˳ʮԶ
λӰ׼һ˲īϣһɫĹŹ֣һ̣ɫĹâʢһֲļХ۶
λӰһһɲɫ͸λӰӷɳѪȾ졣
֮ƣһΣʸ֣Ϊĺڹʣǿһˡ

죬ӰʸȻһʸȴĹͷ͵һ׹ı˷

ʸ壬Ӱһ˺벽
ʮɾ룬֮ѲӰˣӰһöʸ㹻ˡ
İʸͿҩġ
Ƕҩҩѡ
ԣ𾪣̶̼ϢʮӰһˣʱɳ˵ز
ȥʮӰ¶Ҫڴˡ
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˵Ʒ¡
ͬһʱ䣬ƽ𣬰Ӱǰһסǰ·ݿ벽
Υµּ⣡зŭȵ
𣿡
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һʵƺУսһ߱ʸ˵İӰջѲˣʧĵյ޺һһʽ׷
ŭӰԽսԽԽսԽ䣬һҪǹİɫâһ߻Ҫ˼Ǻ˵ļ⣬ʽ䣬ض๥٣һʱ侹˰ܡ
ʮ֮ǻһĨΣյĻȣʼʩȫһλӰεˣīأ֡
˴󺧣æϣҪֹµһ
ȻԤеļûг֣һĽ⣬֮Į˶߾þûص
ɵϣƭǵġ
أŵĿУ˵أȴҲ


58 һҹ
ȿȡ
סѪֹؿڣҵؿ˼˲ס˿ڣ㲻ٹ
ˣҵĺѩҲ١
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ͻȻһ䣬֮ϣһ𣬺ȻһնԶ
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ɫֹסǰŮӣϲЦݽסȥһҲ֮
۵ͬһ㣬ȴʵңԶ޷
˫еĮ絶ƽ


ͻĳشѹڳѾõƣһƺߣŻ졣
һ̣ƣɫϢľ䣬òȵΪ޷άֱ֣ӴƷ
ɫһ䣬һ˲ǰָǰ
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ǣбѹƵԪҲ˲ĸɾֹƵѸٶ񻯡

һƺߣһҡΣƫͷһѪŻʶ
ȣǰϢעǰڣǿѹе
ôȥǰ취Ƭ̺֣֪ƾˣֻץסӰΪ⣬Զȥ
˸߲ãһٻӰ֣һ۵ϵѪüͷһ壬תȥ
˫ǣѸӹһƿ̩źֱӳǰȥ
һ̣һصĺ̩磬ˡ
ĺһ¾ˣ̩ܿ˴֮УϢ΢΢Щҵһ
Ǹվһսļ
˭˽Լܣ˸֪ĳɾͣܽƵ˵ȵزߣҲûм
̩Ҫѯʣȴֹ̧Ȼ˵Ⱦˡ
̩ע⵽ϵһɫѿ
ûҵ
̩еʸŨˣµǹɢļ󣬵ǣ˫ڣôܻᷢ¡
𾪵ǣ˲̫࣡
ʱҲУȾѪԲѵкֵĲûʲôϲĸоһָԵĵء
֮У̩ʱѹԻ󣬿һߵܣɫ֪ҪķѶĴۡ
ϣûԵ޹ʵĶҲûвر飬ܶκ˶ʩԮ֡
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̩üͷ壬ǰִŵӣεص˵ͷ䣬ȥת쵤
ǡ
Ӧһ̧ӳȥ
뿪֮УǱвһ̾
ʱֻ顭


59 ת쵤
ܿһɵĺӣ򿪺ӣΨһö۰СĵҩС
ϵҩǧǧ򣬿ʸֵ֮١
֣˵ⵤҩǧ˿ƵĹϵ
Ļʹ쵤ֱеת쵤
ת֣ת֮컯˵ΪԾĵҩ
ҩڣҩȻǿԵֱ嵤

֮Уһʹĳߣüͷ壬Ѫ¡
üһǰָ߶ԪעԵҩһһźµ硣
ת쵤ҩ̫Ե֮û޽ӽ֮˰æѹƣ»δתһˡ
ãڴˣ֮ڵƽȶ״ָ㽫ҩӡǰڣָֻơ
Щ֣ƣ˿
ܣҪãݿܻ鷳
̩һк󣬷ſھһûо˾Ȼڻʹдôʱ䣬һ鱩¶֪жô𶯡
ĻʾԲĳκɢĿܣһὫп֪˶ɱĸɸɾ
⣬Ȼɱ֮ȻҲĻ¼ɺͲ
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أһ̤ˮ赲Ȼײֹ꽣֮ϡ
ǿನԣ˫ֻǿ˺ߵʽ
ֱһ̣˲һվͬһϣʽ𣬺֮ڶʾ֮Ľжôǿ
ߣһĨȣǵһο¸ȻЩȡɣϾǽˡ
ǴĵĴ𣿡ܺöûԭŮɬеֻеֱˬ
ͷʣǴĵ档
һīӣѾɳһ޷Ტۡ
ĵ𣿡ʵ
ҡҡͷشֻһ̡
ϵľȸŨˣǿ˽ֻһô
ǰϸܵһΣյϢ֮˸оΪ˵ʵԳ
ǿıǸ˻ʤģԲ̫࣬һ֮١
ܴȥԭ𡣡
صԭӺˣһƬ˶ǿߡ
ԣüͷԾһ壬ЩӦⰢ˵Ľ࣬ǲŸոʶѣʶ㲻ϣҪֻϤ֮˲
Ȼ⻹ǽǿʼһ̣һ仰Щ֪ôشˡ
ǴӦҿԼ޸㡣


60 
֪ŮԸֱˬʲô˵ʲôŤ󣬲α˵ʱûио͵̬ȥһ鷢ԼϣֱбŤ

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һ˫֮һĨӣһùܺõĹϧȴӦнˡ
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ǺǣɬһЦϲ˺ͻĻжôɡ
㲻Ӧûеĺ壬˻оܾ˼üͷһ壬Ϊʲô
ûΪʲôҪ˵һԭĻ㲻ϲңҲϲ㡣ģ͵
ΪʲôϲҡüͷĸˣĪĺѿ
֪ôش𣬲ϲǲϲʲôΪʲô˺ֱˬĹ΢˼Ƭ̣ʵϲ𣿡
룬֪֪Ҳ㡣
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̫ǿˣǿ˼һɽʯ޼᲻ݣµ㡣
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ɳİؽڵϣһĨ˸УˮŽ䲻İѽǿһѣʱȷģ֤һ裬û뵽ȴȥ
һӣѵĹŽͬϵİؽһͬʧȺû뽣֮С
ϽʺٶһգལɳûУ͸ǵĺ˲

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УؽȴͻиղŻֿɼĺʧ֮תӣͣ
һۣལ羪裬ǿ죬ǿ죬תۼţת˲
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ףȻսͬⲢ谭˸ĵĵ治ۺʱεغԵ֡
Ҹǿġ
˵˿̾һݸ׵ͨСУǿġ
ûлӦǲǿ֪֪վŵһԥһ͸
˵ܳΪĵ棬ȴܡ
ľȶǰһĨӣе⣬о塣
һĶ֣ȴҲ𾴶Էˣͬǻõѡ

Уһ̤¡ҡ֮ɡ
ɫ£˫һӣâûסΧζĴء
һ̣һ̤һȭ£΢һ˲ʮ⡣
䣡
ҵУ֮䣬һ޴Ĺֳ֣ذ˲ѷ׷ɣͻƺ󣬱ʮֿµٶȱǣǿһ˾ֵĳ̶ȡ
ֻδκεԪȻǿ˵ز֮ս˽
˫ѹԵٶҲΪͻƱòôԣϺ߱ǵսȻ
׻˵һʮᣬһ̶ȣѹһʽͻ֮Ѿһǰ޹˵ĵز
ٿ죬Ҳû쵽еĵزԣⳡսѾ˽
ϧһսãǲˡڻԴԴӿ̾һʧ
˫ֽһת˫漴ʧΪû뽣֮С
ܵġ
䣬ߵ֮ǰסǰѲĹŽγ


61 ǿĽ
һѺɫĽīҪڣҹ˿һ˿â
γɲǣϢˣԽ˺죬Խ˰벽죬ȴȻûͻʱ¡
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ӡ֮Ԩ
ǧ߶ڿѰҵһѹŽû뵽ȴ䵽С
Ԩ֮ǿԨʱԨʲôףһƬڰ
ԭ̤졣
𾪣ϲǿѹȸУʣϢ
ܾ֮ǰ㽫ԼһӡԨ֮УԨʹͻ죬Ҳ޷Բ١
˶֪ĵĵᣬǿ֮ȴǶСλž޵ϵλĲǽǵĺѩǴĵľ콾
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ȫۣϢȼѹĿռ䲻ϱǹոջָԭ򣬼Ϥ֮硣
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ЩԹҵԧףǱٴ·
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ͬȥȢҸⲻУҲУļˣ
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Դоôģ
ĿգһԴԳѹһΪԸ˺
ʵֱܾһĪ²ɴҲˮѡ񣬵Ҹʮİ˵̫пᣬ䰢һλ
ڵȰ޷ܵġ
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Ϊû


62 Ů
𾪣ŭŭͬʱĻΡ
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ڳ￴»ȻҲûΪкβףǱȻ顣
ΨһĳպȢ׿϶Ҫͬġ
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ǿѳϰߣͻ£صһŰԵģͿ˳ԣԳһֱЩη塣
ҲΪһݰԵŻóĻʵ̬ȶᣬһһ½
Ѿ޵ˣΪʲôʲôⷽ棬˭硣
ҷı䲻˳뷨ֻܳȥı䰢
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ȥ·ʱ΢һ֮ͣǰңǲϲ㣬ʱҲ֪֪ˣϲ㡣
ΪѣԸ⣬㲻ޡ

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ϵĴ±΢΢ƮζŮߣĹһԭŮֺÿ˶Լļ¡
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һ飬𾴣ԣмλ֪ĹŮ̬һӾͱĲѺ
ڻڱӺֻƽɨһû˵ʲôȻѳɶ֣ҲûмȥıҪ򵥽дŸ֪˱׼뿪ˡ
һȻ֮⣬ΪĹϵҲûʲôɫ
֮ǰСԺǰסҪߵʵԸȥԭ𣿡
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£޺ѪŮ绨ƵĵޣȴȲŮЦݡ
ʱתȥҲ˼£ЦŸȥ
±СԺķ䣬֮ϣһˮȻɢתʧ

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˧֮Уڰǰһһ鱨Ȼǳɫи컨ƣ򵥶ֲʧ
Ľ˧Уصžʦ
ĵӺʱܹصʹ¿е鱨ͷҲ̧ʵ
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üͷ΢壬Ҳû˵ʲôȻЩ֮Уĵλˣ̫ãվҪһ֮ˡ
˻ӵλӹɣ㱻Ļ͵ԶҲضץסӴĶϱ߾սϸϻ
񣬴ӣʮѻع͵һˣˡ
˴ɱֻʧܣɹ
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Ὣв⣬ǹʦǲģֻǡ
Ὣȥ̲סҿ˼һ˿˿ѪȾǰŷ⡣
ԽԽˣҪܵץʱ䡣
ɱ켤ìܵİ취Ҳ˵ʮӵìѾΪ˻ӵ޻͵Ŀܣʮоûдɱӵ뷨δɱᱻᵽͷϡ
ֻҪһ飬кܶ취Ѻֱ޵ǧĻʳ߽Ϊֹ
뵽²һ̾ٸʮʱжá
뵽Ǹ񣬿ƣʵȴĮ꣬ƭˣҲƭ
ϧüɱȴδܳɹ
ĻʳǴζԿĻʺıν˹ֵĵزԽͳʳǣĻʶκβá
ڴ֮УλʺӰױȣĻʣһǳλ̺ʵȨܹ⡣
ôĻʺӲҪһˣȷǷǳͷ۵顣
Ҫ֣͸ϼѡ
֮Ҫɱ֮жԹֻǲϲκαĴڣңһκ˶ɵ
ȷ湬ը췭ظĶܷһһļƻоԲгƿص飬ԣԲ
һЩ취ק


63 ǵĽ
ǣ¸գͻȻһֱɲ֮䣬ء
һɲǣǵĽǶӦ¶֮ɫ֪ǽǵǰѽҪˡ
ǵĽне񻰣˭ûмǰѽ֣Ǵڣѹˡ
ᡣ
еĽʹȫʣ̳һ·ӭӽ񻰡
ݵľسţ룬ϵš
һ̣һ޷Ľ֮ϣûκͣת۱򽣰Զȥ
˭֪ǵǰѽδͻ죬ȴӰǰѽ˵ǿ
УǿıǰѽĺѩĴҲܸıʵ
Ľ޷½׼ΨǽǵǰѽϣκξΪֻЦ
ڽǰãΨнϡ
һ˲䣬¶֮ܿϣ·һѽķԶ
ˣ
ҹ̵һ޵еȻ˫ۣ谭Ѹٵǰѽ
Ӧǰѽ֤֮սգޡ
ǿߣʸ֤֮٣һʸĶ֣ڽǵǰѽ˵Ҫ
ᡣ
ڵµĵһǰһȻ£ɫĮݣ˼۾ǰȴֵĳ֡
ֳ߳ģ·ĽµҲ¶һ˿ء
룡
ĺ׿ڣ
ȻһϢȻ仯ʵѹӣΪ⵽һսҵĿˡ
ﬣ
ĺתǰֲδԷᣬߡ
ꪣһлӹǧ˲飬ͬǰĺףһͬնϡ
ȻӰɢĺȻԭأͷβ
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Ҳǽǿͬκ˵ԭûܱȽǵĽ죬׼ǿ
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ܴûУɱ˸ûС
ǿ˺һ˭вܵԭ
½죬ڳνѾʵĺԶ
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ٶķâȫۣΪǿһ㣬ವһ

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սԽãϵԽأɢأӰɨǧƥ޵УΨи죬ǿ
֮սҹսǿǿĽߣ򵽴飬
ҹһ⣬ĹѻΪ棬Խս߽ԽʢԽսԽǿ
ڣصĵһʱߵĽ۷壬ߡ
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ͻȻһ𣬳Ӧϣüͷ΢壬еĶϽЩˡ
ˡĺ׿ڣƽ
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һ̣ڵڰλ֣˲ڣȻ˻δüӦ㿴һޱȿµĽ⻮ƾ죬һ
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޵еȻ޵УϢܿ㴫£ûκν͵Ĭʵ
ĺ׻ؽǺ󣬱ʧҪȥһѽһܹ֤Ľ

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ԣʧһ̾εҡҡͷû˵ȥ
ͰڴתţϽȻ㲻ԭشȷҲҪࡣ
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ںţŰĵЦݣҲ֮ࡣ
Ϊڻһ£ѾܾûпĵЦˣܶʱܿһû˵ĵطĬĬĿż¶кܲζ
һʵĹǳ𣬲Ť˵ʲô˵ʲôȴЩƸУѧԼ
ĹӦֹÿһġ
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λǹ룡ס˰ȥ·
Ҳʶǹӣϴˡ΢΢ȣش
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ڰΪҪڴӦʱУһ䵽
ȥ
һ̣εһЦˣӯӯˮ


64 
Ծߵ󣬽µȨߣģӦñ
˵ԭ֮ŮԶߵǰ
ǰˡ
ǰеѾܽô˲Ծÿ·
ղţ˸ŮʱһƵɣĿЦֲʧů
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λҲ겻򵥣Ϊ֮ˣϽ츮Уη塣
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Ѿһǧ꣬ɷû뵽ؽ·аŮ֮¡
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ԣüͷ壬֣Ͽܻ֮ˣϽ츮Умõֻһʮ֮һĶӡ
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65 
ҹ¸գͷ֮УҪ׼Ϣȴŵ
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ڣ㹧ҹһ죬뾡ȥϢ
ŭһȴѹǰߵ֪Ѿױ⣬ϣ濼ǣٻ߹ٺ»һŲ⡣
䣬תȥѾҪ̲ȥˣҪ뿪һ
ˣܹؼһһֿµһΪã¿ɳɡ
ĻʼȻݲ´ˣôΪá
˶㣬ҪôٻҪôŮȨƣֻҪ빻ˣͲŻɵܾ
ȥһӣѵһţش˯
ɵȻɵһУԼ͸¶İҰľĲǶǶԣϡ
ϳٻ󣬸߹ٺ»֮⣬һС
ĻҪɱгﻤһĲȷ֪ظôʱ򣬵һҪԴǳ
ȴҲ
ңϲĻʣֻΪĻҪɱ֮⣬Ļûʲô֮
⻼ǡ


66 Χ
ƽһҹܿ͹ȥ峿ʱؾ𴲳żš
ĹܼͬվĹԱҲҵű˳ȥ
߸˵ػظȴһӶӽʿȫװؽΧ
ʿǼ£ɱڣԶܸ׵ĺ⡣
м䣬һλֵ첲ˣһ۾ϳǸ
ܼҰѰһߣֹǰЩ߲ƣĿܵǣ
ܼҲ֪ǣЩ˾ǰģܵǣһ
߳Χˮйͨļüͷһ壬ֵͬʱһ˿ŭ
⼾̫ˣҴ֮ͥ±Χ
ҽȥѡ
ſ׼ײŵļһӣŭ
ǡ
ڱһӶҪӲ

һǰãĪҪ̫
ҪҲӣҪ־͹˲֮ˣ
ŭͷԵļ˺αװɱȻ
ʱ߶תβ˳һȫװıʿΣҪܰɡ
ʮֿãģҲȶģ򲻹󣬻Ҫˣ
СߣЩʵǲҪˣ
š
˵ͷӺܣղŴӦٴܣû뵽Ҫˡ
ץۣ
һۿŭüңȵ
šǰһֹ
ץòᣬŭ
ǡϵزѸٽͰΧ
˭ҡһĨĹâɫŭҪǰ
ҽһȥûЩǣ֪˵ںȵ
ǡǰܵһߣֹ֡
ǣ¶ΣЩǸؿһ
Ǹ۹⣬Բõ΢ЦȴЦһϷҲ̫ˣôƷˣ
ݵô޷Ǿ뿴мＸȻΣյʱŷ𱬷ȣǷһ飬ܸжϡﻩģӴЧҡ
ŶΣ¸֪˶ٸ㾡ҲϲУܲ˼ĺܴò˰æ
һԣûһյرݣǳڿ˿ûӰʵǰء
Զˡش
ŶӦһ̣һĨ˷ܣǲǾͿԴˣ
ؿһ۰Ȼ֪˼ֱӣԾ»ôճķӦӦõû˻ˡ
ϸ룬ҲԣڣֱӵӰ죬ǿԴˡ
ԭղŰеĲڵǵ鷳ţڵĴ֪֮ô졣
ôصķΧ£ﻹô룬˼·Ȼܱ뺷
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⿴𣿡ЩΪѵʵ
ɨһۣ룬û£ֱȽһ˵ù
⿴ԥ˵
˵ᣬڳϾƷߣһʱɫ쳣̫ˡ
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һصĺϼ죬սն
վһԣ˷ܵؿŵ⣬ûκκ֮ɫ
˵˻ᱣһ¡

īһǰ⣬ǰа벽󵶹ա
վԱߣΣգʵȴȫģĵǳżȻʧ֣ȴҲᱻī̵
Ʒ£Ͼ޷ĻʵİӰȣҲǸ׳գӦ
˼ɵĴڣʹɱ֣ʽ֮䣬Ƶûжɱ
ڳԽսԽ٣ԽսԽǷ֣ǾȻ˿κβǰꡣ
ء
Ӱɳǰʯϣһʱ
ɱ
ͻȻ֮䣬ȫƹеĽػӵն˰
ûзӦȴӦˣһѵ˳һתһ
ֱ㶵صȥѪ߸ߡ
ɫ֣Ϊ볹׽Ĳɱ֡
˺󡣡
۾ĮؿŻҪΧһӶ
Ȼǲûˡ
һֻ̣оǰһѩƮɢ
ǰѩǰľīⲻ趯һƬһƬѪʱʬ
𾪶𺳵ĳ棬̶̵һתۣΧվӰ
ɵˣҲü˭û뵽Ȼдǿʵ
˽оЩƣƲȵļ
ǰܻԭģĵ΢ЩƾͻбĿܡ
һȥẰһ
ŶáСܹȥ
ʱͷһлŵ໤֮ǰм
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ֿһۼãСүȰ㻹취νͽյ飬˽Χ뼾Ӧû֪ɣΪ֮
֮£ͼ˭Ӳ˸ϵ˽ΧǴɱҲǴƽ˶Ҫͷ
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صڵķѹƲĿڵĳƸУҵؿһ˿˿Ѫָ
ŵĻʧɫæӲͣţſǻңҪ
Σ˭˵ѪһҪģĻ˲֪ٴˡ
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Ҫ޵ļǿһѪıƸУ
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ţ
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á
Ű뿪ס죬ȻһѪŻڵѪˮ˳ָ£תȾ
ҺãǸֱӣ˵ʲôʲô

ԭĽ첽˧ʣʦҹ뿪츮ǡ
´˿еǰĿ˼ԼôϢĹƽڵ𡣡
ѳ֮ɵ츮ǡὫش
ܺãȥɡµ˵ͷ
ǡ
Ὣһתȥ
ȥ󣬷·Ż۾ǰľʺӣһ̾ϣϲҸ׼Ķ֡
ȥŵģȥȥĵطΨдĻʹܽٻعҲֻĻʡ
ܿĻʣȴԿĻʵĳӣ峼ڶ࣬ÿһ֮ˡ
ֻǼ򵥵λ峼ӣͨеҥ԰ɢĻʳǵÿһ䡣
кܶ˶֪ǰЩȥ˺ܳʱ䡣
Ļһɵˣ֪ºпҥԣҲһع͡
ﲻԣ뿪СʱֻҪץסᣬһٽǵͻԶʧ
ϧǶôƵˣ֮𣬻ܳΪѡ
ûм裬ҲΪνϧκĴͥδʵڲֵһᡣ
ΪĿ꣬κˣԼ


67 
ڶգյһ뺯Ǹģױд͸ֽдżְһ֪۷ǿߵıʼ
ţһûдŰԼȥԼ
֪Ϊ˾ΣԲܴŰһȥðա
˵ΪĵӦǲ֮ˣĸƤò
뺯ָǸģǼױдѹͲһʲôϰ߶Уûϰߡ
˱ӣԴӡʵںһ㡣
Ҳ֪ĻʿǷźķӦ
ǺԶ츮УǿĴڳ⣬Ϊѹ
ĻʶԼļλֵȷʵĺܽҲȨƵĻ΢һЩ
ʱŴ󿪣һλؼ׽Գӭӣüͷ⼾ʲôͼ
ϧȵ˳̶ȣӸձУܲƽϾѾˣ˳ӭӣ̫
λ֮ϣ˹ģһ߿е飬һߺǰŮݺõĲ裬ܴķ濴ǰ֮˶һ
ϵżҲе飬ǰߣãһЦȻӢ۳ꡣ
үӦ
֪Ϊ𣿡ҲתĨǣżɽʵ
үʾɫ
湬
ɫ˵֣û˵͸ȴѽĿ˵
ĵЦˣЦĺܲãԭҪ
˵ô˴ȵˡ
ˣȻӵĳ̡
үܸʲôĴۡһǵ
Ҫʲôʵ
ү⻰ʵЩҪĶôҲҪó㹻ĳСЦ
Ƭ̣Ȼҿһλ֣Ϊ˹ϴκ˫ȵĲм
ԣЦȴʮϵ¶֮飬еү˵Ϊ棬ǿκ˫𣿡
죬ܡͷ
ƨȻΪûǰɣʶ춼칻ճһ齫ˡ
Ȼô룬ȴ¶Ӿ֮ɫ·ھһҵ
֪үλ죿֮ۼһ¶ģʵ
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Ͽңȴ޿ֵ˵񣬱˫ȣЩ֮ô
¾̫ż̫ˣŻὫ߱Ƶһܣʧȥء
ү룬һ𸴡ɫֱ䣬˵
áʵ
ʮ죬죡룬
ãʱ䣬֮󣬱ȴĴ𸴡ףɫ
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汾Ϳһ̡ɨһԱߵؼ׽
ǡ
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ͷȻתǰ֮ȥ
ͻȻͣͷһۼүҹ£Ը߹ٺ»ٻȻЩȤҲЩɻٻ󻹺˵߹ٺ»Ψе²ܾ𣿡
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ٳʱһƽܣñۼʶһǶϣñʧ
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˵Ǿ仰ʵݺͱһ΢ǣǰ߻ס
뵽һ仰еĺ壬ۣ㾿ҪʲôĪǻǲʵֵİ𡣡

صǰʾġ
ЦӦʾԼûܵʲôֵ̫Ϊѡ
лȻЦΣȴʼղ¶ַŭͲġ
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ȥԥػش
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ѪĲ״ŵ˰ðԴ˲õӰ
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ԭʵܼ򵥣κΪǶԵģԶǶԵģôܵ˿϶Ǵġ
糿ȥһ˺İֱ׵˵ԼеĻ
²ΪԺȥһ㡣ŵ
ȥġʵ
껹ҩش
ûǮ̹׵
û£С
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ϰӵؿһǰ꣬ŵģûôŵġ
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˿ɫţŨޣ覣һĳƷֵǳơ
һҧһгݣ򣡡
ԣϰɫͱˣЦ춼ϲ£ϣӻҪƥǰɣýˣͣ
ҧӣȻƥˡ
ôˣȻͬˣôǸ۹һ˿ԱȽϵġ
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ƥһʮӣһƥǴͷ
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·üë䣬Ц
㲻кܶ·𣿡⣬ǳʱ·ʲôûȻ·Ҳʵʲôˡ
·һûаȻĻش
ӲϻľˣǣǸϰֱӵĪ˼ά


68 ը
꣬ȥҩϽʢҩʯҩʯܺãԿǰҩʯ̶ӡ
ҵҩ㿪ʼһٶѾˣҲͷ
ʱһѾװģʽȫҲжʮ֡
̻֮ѷһأʼʽڡ
ҩʯ̫ˣòϣҲֻΪԻЩиˡ
ͼȻǳ֪ըҩطʲô֮
ʲô޲ɵֶ
֡æУһ䣬һڻʹЩҩʯҲû轫ǺһһҪñʩ
һַãҪϣͣԱߵİЦһ͵ͷ
𣿡ûвЦݣԹԵذѽεС˹ֵ
֪ˡ
еĿСĴϣϸһʵǲĿ
ɨһԼ֣֣ǳøһɶɶС
ֵԼߵǰһ֮С첻ƲƲó󣡡
ֱ̫ˣҲһĸܡ
һ»ǺˡЩĽ͵ôһⶫ𣿡
ԥҡͷܾ
ĬĬִӰժȻԼϣͲӲÿԼȥ
һ̣ЩײǽǣȻԼܵһһ¾ˣҲ֪Ҫÿٱ
˱˵ȻӣֻܲͣذοԼӺÿһͺãܷסҩʯɻҲҪġ
ʯԭǺ˵ĶԼڣĥľ̿ȫ޶ֲҪȻɰ
ȿȣĥһ㡣һ߿ԣһ߲ĵ
Ŷһľ̿ӽҩУӦ
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Сּһľ̿
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ǧ㣬СӿµĻʹĵӡ
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˻ӭȥҪ˵ȴһ¡
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šԹԵصͷӦűԼ뿪ˡ
뿪ǸضԲסˣЩҲð֪
⣬һҲ̫嶯ˡֵ
¶ߵ̫
̾Ȱ˵ˣĻ׷Ȼưոݵġ
ң˺ܾã¶֮ɫŭ
һĨЦվˣԻǲ㡣
ĪҪ嶯룬ʺＴٶмӣҲÿζܳά㣬͸˵ȻвûʵȨҪһλΪѡ
֮֮飬ϣ֪е֮
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ǺǣЦһҡͷ˵̫ˣȷʵʮοĲŻֻҪӦΪ£κʱ򶼻


69 ͻĽ
ûеӦֻǣһȴûʲôôżˣ϶ѾѡֻͶ
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֮Уָ֮ܿ˵ʵ˾ȡ
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죬ͰûٳͼҲûʲôڵͼڵĻظ
ȷʵһ̵ˣԼЩ磬˭ǰ϶һȹȥ
еĶǴҲǱĻҪҪҲҪΨһĲֶͬθˡ
ĻֶҵģòҪˣܲܵõνʧȥƣֶξ΢һЩԽΪظȻױϾǸԣȽԣ̬õķһֱ뷽跨飬ĿľΪק
ĻʵĿѺԣп͸ľǼ
ΪΪζըҩһ±ֵ⣬Ҿ֮£˵ȥĻԼڱصãһͣʵ̫ˡ
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ͻȻ䣬һѪɫ⻮գ·˫ֱĿڣһ޿ɱܡ
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ˣֻĿ˴֮ڣȴԶڱǸǿȡ
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޿ɱܣ޿ɵһٵһ̣һĨٻӰ֣ԥصǰͬ˻ķɶ꣬޻ڡ
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Ȼһоˣ͸壬ƬѪǰһĨᣬѪһҪŰ
µŲ̱һϲ˻ӴˣԶо

ʹʹ˺ѷΣʹķΨӲϵزţš
ΪΣʧȥʱ֪ϧ
ǰüͷһ壬ٳ֣ͻȻ䣬֮ҫ۵Ĺ⻪ͬɳ۵һһһ죬նǰߡ
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أ
Ѫӿ˵ɳȥδأһתӶݣת۵ĹʧںҹС
СԺУ֣ɨһʧû׷ȥ
ȿȡ
ͻȻҵĿ֮ϣŰѪӿƱǰЩӵľˣ˾ɻӿ
״ɫһ䣬Ӱ˲ߣְں߱ϣ糱ӿУǿѹһ˲Ŀֲơ
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һƣֹŰӹؿͷ
ʯӲͷ˲ȾѪ̣ȴֻεҡҡͷһ̾ѻ٣ҲΪˡ


ϵؿͷصʯϣѪ䣬Ⱦ죬֮
˺ߣʹСԺл죬̾ᣬʹ


70 ⾧
ñúһ롣
ҵӣв̣ǰס˰еѨλסһǣ٣Ѿȣ˽֪ھͻָΪ಻ܸıʵ
첻ܵģ䶨ɣĶûУȴ١
һ֮㵤޷֮Ტۣƣ๦御ϣֻҪμʱܱסһȻһ٣κ˶Ϊ
죬δѳƣҪΪѱȵ졣

һ߿ͷһ߿ѪѪۣɢңǱ
ͻȻ֮䣬üͷһ壬ƺ뵽ʲôȴԥ
δϣһһµͷڵϣУãһ̾ΨһĻᣬȥ˪ȣѰ⾧
Ȼ̧ͷĿ¶𾪣˵أǴһ֮أƮѩݲν⾧
ȥˣһȰɣǧҪǿ
деĳأ⾧ѰΨ˪һпܳȻһ˿ϣпܻҪ
ԥΪˣ˷˵νһպԸǲܵġ
лǰָ㡣ͷһοǰת쵤ӡ
Ѿûʱˣڵܷŵ˪Ȼ˵
һָ̾ǰߵţһɿ񱩵ҩݿ࣬޸ƵͬʱŸƻ
һ̣ת֮ǿӴҩΪʱչأӺƷһֱƷ硣
ɫâ𣬵У죬Ȼ󣬵Ȼ˷ֱơ
ʹƺУѪͣ䣬ԻٻǱΪ۵Ϊʹǧιǣʹ衣
Ϊ֮ǿʹȫѹơ
֪̾һ̾ϢĴʮ֮꣬һ֣̫ᣬˣ̫أ˼
飬Թ޻ڣ飬Ҫǧ֮ࡣ
㰲ȥ֮ǰΪҲỤסһ˿ŵ
˵꣬ϸ룬⣬жĲݣо綾ȴܴ߻ѪãһЩǾ仰²ΪǧҪǿ
лǰ
صؿͷ˶գǵԱ

ĵ¸߹ңۣһĨӰӣɫɫĳڻԭϿ񱼶
˪ǰһѩд޵ĽڷѩУѪ˪ôڽϣ겻ϣԱߣһλԣī׵Ĵ멣ݿ˫ؼ䲻һ˿˼У¼ŵĽߣǰ֮·
ǰͣһ⾧
ǰһɱ³ɱ⡣
޻ǰ·裬ѡתΣҪǿдء
ͬһ̣˪ǰѩ𣬿תһѩѩУ庮Ľ信ۣһ֮ʼ
ͻйһͣϸ룬ƾ˫ӲС

˫ѩѩ飬ʽת䣬ī˪ӰΣѩ
óܵɣЩòѧϰܣǣңȻƴǰǰη
˪У˫ǿ֮սɱ˪ȶΪѹã֮˫壬ʽ䣬˿Ӱ졣
ǿ˪УΪԱѹƣʽĶԾΪؼȻҲֲҴ⣬֮ǿ󣬽֮䣬߲ӳ£ȴֲаţõĽԤ⡣
ʽ裬ƣƾ˫סǰһߣУӲĽ
һһʽ򵥣ֻΪǰС
֮ʽ޲Դ˫עһػִţƻһе
䣬ǧٶѩ⣬նػһֱ̣͸

δ㣬ѪӿƺУӿ⵴ѩѩΧѸٱ⡣
ţ
ǧüһĨ⣬սδɣһִֻ߶壬Ŀڡ
ǿؿڵʹ߶ͬһӭϡ
䣡
һ֮䣬ѩǧ£رѣ
Ѫ䣬ͬʱܴĶԾ˭ûռˡ
Ȼһ˲شȴ޷סѩǧӰγѩӲӰѩе绪Ѫڣֱƶˡ
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֮Уϼ֮һȻѹǧ书۷壬ٲУҪһս
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һɺ裬һ
֣֮ǿǿ֮УʱѪѩ˲Ⱦ졣
ѩգһ˲ľޣٽһȴͣǧü壬ѩһգ
ս⣬ذɡ
սǧתһȥ
ǿƣԸκδۣһ⾧
ǧֹףлһĨâκδۣ
κδۡͷԥ
޴һߣǧȥУɡ
ϣתΨȾѪӡ
ǧɷԲıѩϣǧͣ£Űããĺ棬һƬ䡣
ǧѩ⾧Ǵﳤֻ֮ѪȺƬ̼ɣǧΨ˳ɹ᲻ó⾧Ҫˡ
䣬ǧͷһҼ֤νĴ۰ɡ
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һһлһʳָϳһ糤ĿӣѪ£ѩУѩסѪƬ̣ȴû˿Ķ
ģתΣһطѪѩȻ󣬾ȡ
ԶǧƽؿһУӲ˿
պ¶ĲݣתѹҪƣǧѩȻһƬûһ仯
ʳָˣˣֻһָպֽˣȻٻһָ
ȥʮָֻ޿ɻȫ裬΢΢ü˺Ѫ裬Ϊ˷ֹ˿ڽ裬ٴλ˿ڡ
ϻûκζȥѪδ⾧ָ֮ıȳҪܶ࣬ԣȥû̫Ӱ졣
ȥʮָٴν裬ң˿ڳѪƺô˳ˡ
һη¶Ĳݣ˺Ѫ裬ĬĬϣ
ʮָģȴˡ
ǧ˹ʲôԸδˡ
ѲٵѪʳָüͷ΢壬ٴ˺Ѫ裬ɳƵ⾧͵Ͻ


71 ؼ
ºͷʼˣ࣬ڷ¼һѩɫֻк紵ʱܿ
˫ֵָҲѪ˺ѪҲһһڣٴѪ
ǧɷԲĺ浽Ѫ˵е⾧ȴûг֡
ڶʮ죬ϵʵƣͷѲٱףȻǲ̫İ׷ͬǣۺڻǰ׾ȾһĨĻɫ
ȿȡ
ǧѩϣϵؿţڸʹȴŻѪ
ѵļںмѣ߳ѪǸӸѵĹ⣬ȫת쵤ŵȻ;ƿݡ
ĲݵԽԽСˣʼܳŽ£ڣֻܳŲһ졣
ѿʼʣֳ⾧ĿѾСȲҲԼǧٴˣŵߺĺ棬ƽ
ƣЦЦû˵
ֻҪȥҪˡ
һ֮ѪƺˣʮָһѪܹ¡
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ʵϣѸˣֻת쵤ڣȴ
Ѿִŵػˡ
˪ȿڣ¼ŵĽȻԣڰ״ԣһԣѩڽ̨ϣƾ˪򣬽ż£ϣȾѩ
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Ѫ̸֣ϣ
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ǧѩϣΧڣĿڻڰĳٺҡҷҫ۵ĹâУһ쳣Ѫ䣬ûѩУɫ˲԰һƬҲһ˿Ѫɫ
ͷѪһһΣܳŵգȫƾ˫ĸ˿̣Ƴͷ֮ѪԻٸ

һߣۿɼٶɢȥ裬һƬҰ
һ̣ƷΪѸ׹£ٴλصƷľ磬һڲϵš
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ϽһһյΪҲ֮һһյصţһº󣬻δӰʼƽһĨ˸С
Ѿһˣվʧˡ
һдõż˳ȥֻ֪гһԣһΣʱȥһ档
żĳͬһʱ䣬ıͥʹĸµսڿʼϢıͥʵﵽһ۷壬Ƿµĳ꣬Ȼʧɫ
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ǧ仺źϵ⾧ɫ䣬һ֣⾧һĨС
⣬ǧüͷ΢壬ӰһӺʧ
УһӺӰ߳ߣһλŮͬŲɲˡ
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ӳǣʻһ·Ӻȥ
Ӻѳ˳أĺΨ̫ƽ򣬶ҲҲҪǰĵı
һս˿ֹͥоʦĴڣǿ𾪵ĵزһĴıʿˣǱ֮
Σʱ̣ĵٴجģҹ̵һ֮ҹߵǣѪº赲ˣδ֪
̵ؼʿλƷ۷ս죬Ѫº̣֮ǣʱ̤ϡ
ľƣת᧿Σǧ޵еĻʳһơ
جģ͵У۵ĻʵѪ赹һֱòִ֣סҰȺ֮ġ
괺Ǵʷѵʱ̣ͥҹ̹ͬٱģսĽʿһ
Ǵǧʷϴδй裬ս·ſʼ뽫ȫˡ
ѪºսĵطѾɷ棬ĵνǿǵµһˣѪºܵĺ
ܵȻ޵У˿ˣֲν˼ǿ
оʦĵδһʱ俴޹
һֱѿʼȺΪתĴơ
֮ǧ䵽Ͻ⾧ϣ뿪ˡ
⾧и쳣һ껨̫ˡ
ϢѾȫɢ룬㻨ˣܷȻأ˭֪
⾧ڰ˵ǰתѪ滨ǿû֮Уһ̣⾧Ѥţޣ䶼ȾѪɫ
ȻûѣػţΪֻÿռΪ塣
ֹգˣյ˰ĳȥţ󣬲ŷԼˡ
˰λһ·һռʮ꣬ʹһ仰˵
ͬһʱ䣬Ӻͷҷɴһѣ֮һã֮
һԣ˭û˵һ仰
ʱֻ飬ԵӰһһӣֹǧվԶԶȥ


72 ս
괺ͥķʾ⣬ʮΧôȺһʱͷԡ
ĵԮϴ˷㼯ݱƺƵسǸȥ
֮ĻƳÿʱÿ̶ٿűսϵ۾иӱˡ
ʮպһٴνģٳ𾪣һҹƣʮʿһ˻ԣ֪١
ĵŴĲܵİҲʼһ˿ҡ
ӳУϢһȻȻŭѽŽĻʣĻʾ޶
ƣͥʮֱѡǣ̶̰գƽɱĸɸɾʬǳɽѪɺӡ
Ǿʦµģָüλо䡣
֮ʮֱ̣ûκͣ
ĵȱѪºǣҲƺ󣬱﹥ȻǿսʤƵĺ
ıɴ޿裬޿ɵһʱ䣬ıͿ̿
ѹ£ľڣңǽ𣬾ٱѣڴľս
⻼ͬʱǧĻʳѽĺ
ɾǰԶԶŴĻʳϿգհ粻ɺɫѸٷֱǿʢĻʳվʱĳӡ
ս˻۹ѵɵﲻս£޵С
ʮ϶ʮľȫڷһƿ£һʳŴı
ӳǣƽǰҲϣӳʣµʮʿӳǽʣ˲
ĵıս̫Σǵʧݸ˴صһδʮʿƽһһҹʱ䣬ȫĶһɳصѹֺͱС
ӺڣڴȻԲѣｫӺʣµöת쵤ȫǰιȥӲǿſ񱩵ҩѾŲȥ
İԵֵ쾡£Ҳ
Դʧݺ󣬳޻ػʹĴ㣬ĻѾˣؿʮʿڱͥ¡
ÿնὫԼѪڣΪ˻ʳǶɰҩƹҲ˹֮ǰù˷Ȼ֪ܲãҪһԡ
Ѫֻﲻ˳ԣǵʱ˵ѪԽ࣬µΣԽ
ѱöת쵤񱩵ҩٵ߰㣬ƻʼڲͣת䣬ǰһҩ߶µһ̱и񱩵ҩݻ١
￴ҵӣܵͬʱҲ𣬵ĻʽٻعʱͲЩԣʳǵλ峼ȻĻģ̫Ϊ
ɢЩϢˣҪɵĿľ̫ɡ
ȻǶԸô뿪Ŀ꼫пܾ
еĻ˸֪Ļеڵõʾ˵ֱӴ˻ʹû뵽ȴһ
˭û뵽в֮˾Ǳͥλʦû뵽˵ؿֱɳ˱λͽ
ɱţ˵˭ɵľʦδô룬ϧţҲҪɡ
͵Ļʸ֮ϣдһݷսɫͳһԡ
£ǳж죬з⡣֮УһɫӰ֣ع
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޲飬ЩҪĻʳ
ǡӰӦȥ
ӰȥĻ˫ۻϣж
Ļʵѯʣһλµ̫߳ɳƵ춯
Ļʵ˵ͷʵʺǱˣ
ر£ʺԻصӳǺһֱûٳʱعˡ̫ʵش
Ļһ̾ڹް
˵꣬Ļۣʮ̫࣬˵ǶǴ
̫ѾˣƣݣȻĻʵĻɫȴȻһޱ飬شǴĵĻʣĻԶǶԵģ
ĻʴЦз֮ɫǴĵĻʣԶ޵ҪЩС󱲾
̫û˵˺󼸲ĬĬػص˺ڰС
͵УϡصЦ
յĳӣյĵĻʣ˺ųº󣬾ͬһˣ˿£˷
յһţ񻹷ǰϣ˭뵽򵥵һţǴʮʿƽ
ʲôûƾƣڵȣһᡣ
ˣڼݳ
ǡ
պĻʳ˹ǧȥ뻪ɽΪսĽʿ
ĻʳϢıȷɸ붼죬ϣͨ벻طһǧ쵽ˡ
ĻʳǴ£뻪ɽλڴߣʳԼô֮ңż·Ļձɵ
ǧԴĻһ·Уڵ˳뻪ɽ
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Ȼ벻黹Ƿˣһ벽ͰƷߵǿ뻪ɽµһͻȻ֣ڳ˶ûüӦ
պĻ̣׹µϢ𾪡
֮˻лɣȻٴγ೯еĻɶʧˡ
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ԴˣĻ׹£˲ɵʵ
ĴңһѹȥڽǺٴǷˣˣ֮߳ңʽҿĻ
ǿģ⻼ľ£֧׾֮ǧı֮ƿѲ赲
˭û뵽֮ڻ˶޵ǧ꣬ûκ˻ΪӴĻʳеĿܣ˵־ٱ޴֮¡
գĵİջСȨܴĿջ󣬴ĽеҰ֮ҲȲȥ
һգĵӳǣˣͷҷڴϣָ΢΢һ
ͬһʱ̣ԶİиӦָҲ˶
ͷѪֳ⾧˵һ𣬼ǧ֮ң޷ָӦ
ͬϲɫͳƣϣЩӲ߲˻ر
ֻǣЩͬǣϲͬʱۣϲͬʱȴ˸ķŭ
ŴһٶĻϧΥĻʵ־ȴ˵Ĳ֪ϧԼ


73 
󣬵һۿǳϲдŭ۾滨ɫ
ֻǶݵһ˲ٴλ˹ȥ
һ㶣кƹǰϡ
սòȻһ⣬һΣͺпܻѵڶΡ
ڳ˵ûиϢõϢֻҪʲôν
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ûһ䣬Цݣ޺ʵһӻˮ
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ˣҲˣûбõˡ
һˣ׼һֻ˹ȥһγﵹûżѰƹûͻȥϢˡ
ѾüûϢΪСӡ
Ժأɫ׵أڴϣǰűȴ
Ҫȥڵ
УҡͷԥؾܾǼһﶼⱦŮˣôðȥ
Ҫȥֵ
УϷŭڣǳСӣе׻û
У˵ͷܳʵػش
ҭòУվ᲻ãֻǿĵίȰСڻ̫޷㣬㹻ʵʱȥ
Ҫȶãʵ
Ʒ۷塣
룬Ưüͷ壬ǼƷˡ
ֻǣôӦƷԶ˰ɣ
뵽ص˵ͷá
࣬ȴЦˣյõϢȻѹһΣҲ࣬Ҫ޵Ʒ۷壬ȥɡ
ȻôƭЩʣΪԼŮ˺֮Ҳһ֧ġ
ӺҲӳõϢϵЦݾûʧһ㣬ȥ˳ԴϺݺһơ
ʹһ֣ȴҷֻ̧ͷԲõЦݡ
Ȼѹ֮󣬳ϵοȴֹݵһֱ̣Σյľס
˴ҲȥûԵЩӾȻ˶顣
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ڣڱͥľʦֳǿû̫ྪȣһСﶼҪĺŮˣĻ֪
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Ὣ㻹Ҫߣһ֮󣬱ȥ㡣
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ԣüͷһ壬⻰ǳϲǴ˵
һ͡ѹԣ
ٶȹһ񣬵֮߳Դͷ
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֮߳ѾΪһ֮νǷ⽮ʵȨڴĵʮλΪλҪѱ䣿
ĿѺԣΪ֮֮
֮УʸҰģȴû̫ϣ̳лλ֮ˣֻӣʮӻ
˼磬ѣ֪߻ʲô˼ü㻳
ȷȷʵɡ
䣬ֽ˵һ飬ȷʵȷǲʣмɡ
д¡ĽͣüͷøˣĻԶԶŵϽһλѹȻ
˵û֮߳ұǲò
ȷʵõѡҪݾߣƾһ˵ʵԸ㶨һС
ϲսʤĹ֮һ
ܿɹǣȻƲʵǼΪͨ͸֮ˣʲô紵ݶǴĵеĽԲκ档
Ż˰ɡ̾һ
һͷһ߬ŷͬе̻Ϊ˷ĩ
˵䲻˵ĻĻΪľ룬ôӾλõѡ񡣡
˵˻ʱûмʲôԹ˽УȷʵҪȶҰͰ֮ģĵĹ۴ķӼλ˳κ顣
ʱڣΪӵļλӺʮӵĲǣһӼλκηΪԲ˳췴λӵҪ濼һ¡
ÿһλӵʵԶûеԸĳĵز췴ĽΨһ
Ȼ֮߳ұ֮ӺʮеһˣҪۡ
Ȼֻ֮߳һ۱֮ǲλ֮һѾˣΪӼλɰ˳֮ңų֮ңʮ֮ңҲֻ
ܵ˵ӼλԶԶڱס
֪ԼĻЩ治ϾĻʻûȷǲˣԣ⻰Ҳֻ˵ѣʵʲԲߡ
ȻһĻɫʱʹһɫ
ᣬߵſڣҿ˿Ȼ󽫷Ź
ûˡ߻أȷϵ
أĻ䣬͵һӣŭĲͷ⻰Ҳ˵
⻰Ļ㹻һٻصġ
Ҳ˵˵ѡ﷢㬵Сһ䡣
˻պ󲻵˵˭Сδŭ
һһæͷǷ
ı֤óһЩͻȻʲôʵ㵱ը湬õĶʲô
ҩƤһش
Ӻζʵ
ûа취ش룬ֻܺһϵʿ̵ġ
ѹţ⻰ҲֻƭһƭСӣĵĲڴˣȻ˵Ҳǿ
ǲϵʿģֻһ䣬ҩǲֻһ֪ɫʵ
ٷ֮һ١
ͷʮûһԽߵĻ
Ը˷˵ʵ
Բܡԥط񶨵
磬ķƶҩķȴƶսǰǧս֮С
ԣҩ췽ֻһ֪


74 ج
ļóüͷ壬ȴûйǿ˭˽Сӣɱѡ
ȻԸ˵Ҳǿ󣬲ҪʱϣܿڱһΡ
ĻѾ˺ܶಽȻǲ֪ô壬˵ͷﾴġ
䣬˼Ƭ̣вʵ߿˴ɱͥľʦ
ָǿԾһսĶʵýֱ˰ѶԷĹؼɵС
Ϸ˺£Ҳֻһߣ죬бɱĿܡ
һҡҡͷûС
Σֲⳡսһ䣬ԷʲôֶζóǣᣬƴɱĻʵ鱱ҲӲ˸ϵȴԭ̤Ź֡
սʵϴľӣıơ
ıк̶ܴϾ͵ڲҪ˭Ƥ伫˭սȡȻ
ӺʮӿЩģʵ
ҲûСҡͷش
ʧˣǱ֮߳ѾҪʳǣ߻ӦûУλȻûȷǲǱıû
ʱʵҲϾһЩֶεġίѵ
ɫصĵ˵ͷˣĻʳº೯̫ܳʶ֮ףص񷨣ȻЩ
һӻˮԱߣͻȻһ䣬
Ǻǣ˼ӣҲôá
εһЦʵⳡսʲô뷨
룬ƣͥǴĵˣҹ̴֮֮߳ٴ֮Ҫ󣬱ͥҹ̶һ춼ȥģԣ֮߳ҲǼ֮֮ء
кνİ취ٴʵ
õİ취ǰӡʮӻȻ취ҲֻǸ롣
ֻȻһơ䣬Ȼ߳ǲͬһʱ췴ĻʧٺŷѣǾ˵߳ʵͳһҲӰ߳ǵûȨ
֮ҲҪȥУסλӺһλٶ־ᶨǽգ֮λƣȯʲôУֻҪһܹɹͱӵͿԽˡ
ⶫͱһξ͹ˣ˭ʹ޵ĶͽµҲͽһǷѣ϶ǵΧͻ¼ɣʣµľҥԣ㱱ɵľʦͺóŪҡ
ȻⱳѵһǱΧʱһҪȥȣҪȵĴģ½֪벻ҡѡ
ʱ뵽ô࣬Ժٲ䡣
˵Щڸֱˮȣȴֳ鲻ԣ񿴹һ
ôˣ˵𣿡һ£Լû˵ʲô治Ļ
ⶼ˭ѧһıƣعŹֵ
ǺǣһЦ±Ϲһϵʿ
ЩԭⲻдŸ乫ûϹһϵ
ĻȻ˵㣬ֱ˵㣬ڣǳ֮÷ǳ֮乫ظ֮ˣȻƶһ׸ʵʿеİ취
ǡͷ

ʱһٵһǰеǰмʺ
һ򿪷ţʵ£
ǰѪĽпһоһ˿
ʺҹλ̿ҹϮӪλ󽫾̫ƽˣ
ʲô
ͻȻجģһģյƣ͵Ϯǰһڣʱ֧ȥ
󼱣ȥס
ȥӪѵ˵һ仰ʧȥ֪
ɫĶҪˮⲻĽˡ
û뵽ĵ⵽˴ɱ¼ܴɱߣ֮٣Ǽλ죬ʣµָͷ
ʱ󣬵Ӻһ·̫ƽӪȥ
պ󣬲ҹ·ĵڸϵ˾Ӫ廹ĳ˵³̫ƽӪȥ
ں߸ţ϶һ˿֮ɫǺ̫ƽ̶ԳĴжѾüԲȥˡ
ǧǧǧǧգ
ﵽӪǰڽʿһæ
ƽ
ǳƣһ䣬ƿӪʣ˽ȥ
۵һĻóһģֻ˹ȥҺһעţǰһѡ
дϣ̫ƽɫ԰׵֮ϣһɼǵ˿ֱߴҽڻҩæȥ
ǰоʹ̶ղϲ¡
̫ƽΡһԣʵ
¹ѾΣǺүԲתҽ¶ΪѺͻ֣̿
ҩ
ǿѹе˸УӲʹԼָǿһ棬ȵ
лҽٻ̿Ϊ̫ƽϴҩ
Ŵӳ˿ڴϴµһѪɴԽʹвȱ鵤ҩֻδȻ˼
֮ϣ̫ƽǰ˿ڣ۾Уǽˡ
Ҳ˵ͷȷǽˣд
Ǳͥ𡣡ɵ
ҡҡͷ񣬱ͥƽ֮˺٣λ춼ýȻýƾһ˲ܽү˳ҽӹĽϢ̫ࡣ
ɫˣǱֶͥһµĶ֡
ʵѾ˻ɵĶ󣬲û֤ݣȷ
֮ǰŵĽ룬̿;ý֮ˣý֮ĵطǽǣɱĽҲֻнǡ
ǵǰѽչӣǾƷ֮ϵǿߣִɱĵһλĻɹļʲС
֮ĲУ֮ĲޣԾ֮ĶС֮Ҳò
⻰˵ֻܸԣСɸ֪
һڳߣ˵˼仰
ʹУԣû뵽ô࣬һѣ̱㷴Ӧ
˭ǵһӾͿ϶ɡ
䲻ܰٷ֮ȷʮа˾žǽġ
û뵽ͥǸŮ˾ȻҲ˵˽ǳ֣һٴɱسҪ׻˴ĸ
һ֣ǲӪеˣΪ̫ƽҩľ٣
ϼӼӽǵĶκη紵ݶ̻ر
ǡ첽˳ȥ
оһ̶ۣһ£Ѿ滷Уߵıͥҹ̣Ľǣдľڵ֮߳ҡ
ΨһҴǰ漫һη࣬ʧս漫̫󣬶ʱд˱ĵ
뵽￴ˣãѵʱСӻߡ


75 Ӫж
ǰĴɱнʿʿ˺ܴӰ죬ڳﵽ֮ս˲١
ﲻͬһĻʺ֮Ůսη壬ݵϢ̾ټʣµһλ󽫾
б󽫾ʣһλѸߣھеøĻȶġ
ʺ
Ͻкᣬ֮⡣
Ͻ𡣡
æǰϽ߸ųѾʮ꣬ǰĹΪʺҲܴ˴
ǹʶλ轫ĸסһѵ
һȻֲλ轫ڹôչˣܺûбͷ˵ְ
ʵ轫˲ܶƢþû˼
Ͻ׼ϽʶһˣʱһȥһںԴϡ
Ͻ
һƴĻع̹񣬵Ͻ
λǣϽ¶ɫʵ
Ӧòİܵ
Ŷλը湬ˣȻӢ۳ꡣϽشʱҲһĨȣʺ﷽ŵľٶûǰˣǳֶеĶ
е㲻˼һЦôЩ飬кܶ󰡣¸ҵ͹ֱ磬ֱ硭
ðɣֻ뵽һ
ЦһЦݣܾû̹ԣȥ衰衱һºߵļ
ȻͿʼϵ͵͵졣
л˵֮꣬¶ɫѯʵϽսΡ
ɵʮ֮ӪʱйĿܡϽص
һҲܲʲôزأʱ£
֮ʱ̽ӴϢţ̽ȷһ鱨
Ͻشһ˿ʣкβ֮
ôˣ֪Ըʧ̬ԭʵ
ϮӪ
ܡϽ̾ͷˣľҲҪһʱ֮ǰҾ̽ԽϢء
̽Ӳ֪ءʵ
ôܣʮĿԣɵӡ˵ϽͻȻһɫ䣬Ծ
ʮǷǳԣ˵벻ע⵽ܣǣ˵ʮٵǧͲֻ֪ҪԴΪ⼸ǧԶԶƿ̽ߣ֪
Ƿǳ򵥵ĵֻˣλ󽫾ʣһˣȹ̾ǿٷ뵽һ档
һ㣬Ͳôһ㣬ҪΪĵˡ
ĩʹȥȫ䱸ҹϮϽ
üͷ΢壬ֹϽӪ
Сֵܻкμ⡣Ͻͣ½Ų
УҲǺɶԵĶѣûʸϽ˿һԣﵭزһ䡣
ǺǣԼıӣ˵ǣҹϮӪȻҲ̫࣬ûбҪģþٶȽ
ԣҲͬص˵ͷ˵ĵҲĺòװٹȽš
ϽͷʾףӪȥš
Ͻ̫ˣʵЩʺ˧
Ͻߺίسѵ
Ѿ̰ˣϽʵǿϣڻУ̵Ļ˺
γе˼һ̾Ͻ˳ʮ꣬ûйҲпͣһսȥɣһİš
ĻҲٶϽ̸ѯʵүǷֵεĽ죬ٲдطһҲУôȥ
ˣ󻻽Ǵɣɱţһս֮ѡ½졣ص
𣡡Сֹһ䣬ʾܻɡ
žһԣسǰԴһƣСԽԽûûСˡ
Ϻүսʱ㻹ûءû˵
ۣҲҷñǳԲзۣɲٰһ¡
֪ųûеĲܣԣⳡսҪİ
˵䣬ﾹǰһɫ֣صһ
ˣŵĲûϵæתΣӳǰŲߣܿһ
ҵļ磬ǻٵģܺҰ
һЦⲻŻСôڡ
һԣҲǱһ˵ʲô
ﱻ˵ĽžٶҲŪû˸ղǷ飬ֱӣ֮˵ı˵ˣıҲˣպñ֪㻹˽δСԴ
ŶЩжһղųľٶȷʵŵˡ
ͻȻԼеԺϰߣǵñ߲źܡ
ҪǳǿӰͻȻôһ˭϶ܲˡ
廹𣿡￪ʵ
ڡ˳ⶫһֱܣ¶ˣ￳Դ
Сúá˵ͷû˵ʲô
Ҳǳһؼʱ˵𵽴á
ˣǶȥϢɣӲսҪ򡣡˻֣
ǡȻ󶼳ȥˡ
㣬ղôˣˡӪʺȻµ
һ̾Ļδ滷У̫ƽˣϴʱѹκ˶̫һսӮˡ
˵꣬תɫޱ֣صһҪӮһ̣
һܡɫŵ
֮ǳŵǴӦ֪ⱱͥλʦǶô£ûӮùİգһԽߡ
Խ߲ܵģλʦܵģ˵ĵľ棬ΪµŮһɵġ
Ѿƽ˺ܾã޵˺ܾãֱλ¶޵Ůӳ֣ӲͥĹһǿܺʹһսĲ档
֮ڵĶпܶλŮӵӰӣΪαͥһҹ̸˶ľڶҳһ㡣
õİ취ǾɵŮˣⳡս̫Ѵ
˵ʱӢۣһ仰ڱɵľʦ˵ȴЩãΪŮѾҪһ֮һʱĵز
ˣʵûаʤİա
ҹɫ٣ź·ӪǰһߵϣؿԶвʱػһ
һԣǰ߿ʱǻ΢΢һۣ˻ԶԶδõĵزһλϹô·
أ˫΢΢ΪѾƷƷ֮䣬Ҽȶʱʱͣ⻹ΪĸԶ˲ǿסһΪֻʣһԣһһҪ׼


76 еһ
β磬ںҹп񱼶ϡ䣬Կ֮ϸŵס
˫еĸˣɵλʦκϸڶ׵Ӱжʵ󣬼򵥵޷Ǿʮ⻹ھˡ
Ȼս֮ϣһĲͽȻͬĽɵľʦûϸϷκδ
ĽǸ֣ԽǿߵϢԽڣ乭ҪƬ̺ȴ˻
İΣɣתߵŮӣʵ
˵ͷӪΧǾеĸֻ֣ҪĲ֮ǰɱǿߣİΣһʧ
ǰЩյĴɱ̫ƽȻˣλҲòȥʱڲгֵ
ұˡ䣬תδӸߵ֮㣬ȥͥľʦк
Ȼֻһβ͸ɵǸŮˡ
ɫһȴҲûڣκ¡
Ƭ̺һӾӪҹɫѸʧںڰС
ľ벻Զ۵ĻһʱԣٶȲһʱҲ˱ɾӪ֮ǰ
һ΢һЩĵطȻűɾӪķеĹ
ӪǰվںУŴľӪķ޲顣
ǳɫȴ͸¶󣬷µݲѱϣһĨǳеһϤУǰߵݺ󣬲һ
³Ůӣ顣
££飬ŪˣϹ
ֲôĵİ˻ӻ˸ɴ࣬ԭǸʱĳ־Ϊ˴¡
ĹȻûջصĵ⺮УĮĿ¡
ͬ˵Ǻˣƽ¶һżġ
ϧ̸޷ɱԷľġ
еļͬһ㻮ɫĹâҹҫۣȻδüӦǰ
ǣ⾪޵һȴһֻץסˣĽڷǰһ죬һ
߰ɡ
ش
ȥʱٴʧںڰ֮С
ɾӪǰĽżķ򣬲üͷһ壬׾˭Ҫɱʦ

µ˵һ䣬תȥû뵽˻Ƕˡ
ϧǧ
ϮӪ֮ʧˣ˵Ǻ񣬲飬ĻľӪеϽǸӹţȴǣ෴ӹţһǳ֮ˡ
ҹУ۵ӹһģӰӣڳڣɫ΢΢Щ԰ףղһԴ˿̵˵̫ˡ
ûɱ£׼ڻ˵һ仰
ȥţ
λĽ˶٣ȴѾǾƷ۷壬ʲôʱŶ繷ˡ
ôã߻иָ춼ȱȻȥȴֵƷƷ֮䡣
Ů費ƽ
˻صӪ֮ʱսѾˣǧѣһ˳źҹҲ޷ıʲô
￴üͷ壬ʲôȥˡ
ʵȥͱͥľʦ˸к
һԵ˵ͷʾȷʵˡ
ûʲôһԺĪҪô֡
һۣĬַֿ黹ûжʣûˡ
ǧʲôûƥĻҲûкûյģⲻô˵һʤðҹѵĴʿЩ˷ܡ
ԭʺ㵽ҪϮӪһʱǧ֮ľӪ
̹Ȼ֮˽ʿʿ󣬱һ˿οϢ
ֱ뺰һ䣬ҲµģҲµģ
ϧҡ
ĵĽʿҪһλƵӢ۳֣ȻڴߵĻʺʺϵѡŻŮﵱ֮
ҲϢǽ۵ˣһջûгɹ
Ҫ´ߵλὫק۵ʧȥʶǰ뷨
ڶգòֱֵУҪӴϾȴоԣһǰ߶ͷʱһ
̫ˣ
еҽٺܿ㵽ѿ֮
ĻҪҡ
Ѷ֮Ҳ˹ϲ̬ĲҺüͷĸˡ
úõģô£ﶯŭʵ
ҽһʺ󷢻ɫӽˣæ״Ƿ纮¡
纮ôܵ÷纮ŭʤˣ֮ȫûƽǸĸµģ
⡣ҽ˵Ȼǰȫ˽⣬ֻ֪߷ǳܻʺΣһֱߡ
ǰһڳ˵˼䡣
֣ŭȵ㻹ôһ֣
ҹûжʣΪ˲ȥɾӪǰһȦ˭뵽˾ȻȥɱλʦСӵ岻Ҫ˵֣ǲףͲٵ
ΣΣβͷңŭһ
ǡҽٲػشæȥ׼ҩĺˮ
ʱѹһΣߵĳֻ˵˼仰ٶȻ˹ȥ
ôһҪز⣬дŸϺүںرɵݣ̫࣬ԡ
УǿͰӪ˰ɣĴҲĵܻҲֵˡ
⣬ʮȫսҲˣɽʮ˲˵ġ
ڲУĻȻ侲鵽˸оµĵزһ仰ֱӷӪȫӪʿ
úϢ˵ﲻ̣ûдӦҲûоܾذο
һЦδüش𣬾ٶԡ
һĻЩ䣬ǵһμһ档
ǷоǱһˡûлͷ³е뷨
ܲϰߡʵش
ԽʱԽԼͲǶˣƽֳһɬ޺ݸ˿ģӴԽãԽܸоǷԹеı䡣
䣬̾һУֻҪҲ£¾˶øɸɾҲǴظ̾һ䣬ȻתͲϡ
ԽԽңڹгʱӲǰקδ빬ǳΪĵˣ佫ֵڶʦ
ĻԽԽľûǰҳȻ˸߿µһˡ
Ĳġ̲ס˵һ䣬еļɵ֮⣬ɱ
ǺǣЦһõģû˼Ȼ飬Ҳеһ飬ûΪᱳģȻǰһš


77 һ
յĺһֱҹûкתҽټתʺĻϡڶԣԴɶȫϵϡ
쾡£ܱͥĹһѾز̬ȡ
ӺǱߣѾ˳ȥغܿյ˳رأټӺȥʮˣѳʮʱ˶ڲʲôӰ졣
Ǳƺ󣬷ֻڳ²һˣڲĴսµȴĵ
ҲǷΪѡǵԭҪһγһ˵սΪͻĸ͵Ϯĵ
ݣսزȱٵĶͥݱضǾӺǴܵٵͥݲ
ʮݵǼµģͥҪһԳＯܣֻһһ˵ͨǰߡ
ͥı½½פǣأҪջҪϵı⻹ڱͥɱԮ¡
ԣһһݵĸϱɴݲǲʵģĿǰĴûôɷֳı
ӺֻҪܸɴݲ鷳ǸİĴҪʱ䴭һ乫ʳǵ±Ҫ㹻ʱ䡣
ţȻ츳һ㣬Դܺãһ۱ܿĵĹؼڡ
֪֮ˣĿǣд˿ȱٵľǽţѻɺܶࡣ
ҲΪһ̰Ҳ벻Сӵİʱȷʵʮֵļջ
ҹˣûף鷳ȥֻԣһҲԣֲ£˶ûС
βٴӹӣĵļλӶǲɶõ˲ţܸһЩ
УǴĵδȫϣκΣաԥط
ȿȡ
ʱһҵؿתʵʵ߳ɫ԰׵Ŀ¡
˵ĶԣӵȷҲʺ
ƣؿڵΪֱ̫һ̫ƽ;УıƵսȷʵʡ
ʱѵģ¶ϲɫʵ
Ȼδش𣬳ŭ㵽ˣ˭ģȥϢ
Ҳµģ˯һ죬Դе裬͸͸һͻȥ
εʵе㲻ĳһߣҪ
һǧ꣬ʺп»ǵһΣ֪ϵѹж
ĴѾĵزܶϱͥĴһ죬ΪĶȡһʱ䡣
ǰ˵ܰȹѹء
üȴûٶ˵СƢţ󣬶ȰҲá
Ҽǵһӣǰˣ˰Ÿ˰ɡŲԶıɴɫƽ
ûκϣ𣿡̾ʵ
ˣУǷ£Ǳذɡʵ
ʵʵ˵ǵıռƣҷʮǲŽҪĲ࣬ǲס
ܽһ쾡ӳ٣ӵܻ
վǿģֻҪһջʤһǴġ
˵ʵⳡս꣬Ļ᲻ͻˡ
ǿ䣬ǱԲĺ塣
ֽõѡսԽãԽңڱͥҲԽ
ߵսΣ룬ʵ
ҹ̺ͱͥͬʱĴǱ֮ͬڱͥһλʦҹȫǿһλ޵е֣ϵµһ赲Ų
ֹʵǷǳͷ۵Ĵڡ
ǣ֮࣬ⳡսѾôˡƣ
˴ԣﲻ򣬹򲻿ɵͣ˵ıҹ̵
ֿµı˵һʮǫ飬սϼңս޲ʤ
սͽʿҪ󼫸ߣԣҹҲ޷ѵࡣ
ϧǣռԭսĳ̫ˣҪ˵ֶսҪ󼫸ߵ
ĪǾûп赲֮𣿡ʵ
ǧ̣ˣҲ̫˵ȥ޵ôãҪЩѹ׵Ķ
Уеʮˮɫصص˵ͷ
Ϊʼղ֣Ӳʵ
Ҳ˵ĵλʮ֮׵ľ񣬼ȻôϽ֣ѵҪȵı״ϲſϳ
Ϊʧǰֹκζ˵䣬ͬЩ⣬ԽԽĻʣʲô
û˵ˣƨܲͨʿȥƴɣǸ޵е˭ȥ
ң˵ҹ̻һλ죬ȴʼûгҹ̵ڴʲô⡣
֣Լ㲻黹кܶ࣬ҹ̣˽⼸ֻ˴˵ڲһ㶼֪

ɾӪУϴŶоһ˿ƣãʵǺʱܵ
ʦ֮ʱѳպܵĽ
СһЩĪҪĵ̽ӿʲôߡƽһ䡣
ǡĽתȥ
ûɱȻ˲ٵ鷳
̾ûô춯ǵģֻǴľòǰʹеŵơ
ݻɽΪһ̫
ϧĵλһˣʱҲ޷ٳ֣ܾȥõİ취
뵽΢΢ûв´Ļ˿ӦҲͬ뷨
ԸһᣬͬҲǸԼһᡣ
Ƭ֮󣬷ʣдһţڵˣ
ڡһλ߽
ȥӪнһֽһλУľӪֱ˵ҪˣĵĻʺԻΪ½ŵݳ
ǣһݣȻҲ˳ȥ
һʱľӪֱǱͥʹҪĵĻʺ
ĵһλϸԴǰ
ɵʹ

Уﻹδ˯ڵ
ȥɡһƵ
ɨһǰıǵλʦ¡
һɨĻڣȴӲͷƤʦ֮ӪһλС
ţԣ͵һĨ⣬ɲǼӪʵ¶ƺһӵ


78 ̫ƽ
ҹ뵽˧ʣ֪ɵλʦǲʹһš
֮˫΢΢𣬿»ȲҪ
ǵ뷨ΪԷֱҲЧİ취
ȥǾʦ˵ʱԼһŻٳмƽػӦ
ȭһת뿪
Ե㿴Լ㲻ȥŭ
ҡҡͷΨһĻᣬҲΨһܻʤϣҪһԡ
УﲻΪŭ
ѾΪҵİΣ룬Һúһθ֮ԼɫҲ˿õ
㣡ĻֱСӼֱҪ
ʱҲѶδбϽʱֿ
ôô˵⣬ûѵ
ˣ㣬һˡ
˵꣬תγԼȥ
Լùīдһ֣㣬ԼһȥСһ㣬ס֮ǰһҪ
ӹֽţ֮˵ͷȻҹɫѸ뿪
Уֻʣһˣ۾˼룬µĵƵʲô
²䣬½֪֮£ҲӴȷûдϸܵκߵϢ
ߣ˵죬ԲȫԼϢ
Ȼƾʲô
ĺ׼֪ܾôջһԼҲõȷ޷ܾΪΨһ԰ﳤӮⳡսĻᡣ
ʲô߾ȫȥ룬ȴûκͷ
ϣĪǻſԶԸ
ʱûжһ£һֱ˼ڤ룬һԼ̫ؼˣκεĲء
֮ʱڸ˻˵˼仰󣬱㽫ϳӪʣȻһڡ
֮üΣɶҡͷӪ֮⣬ʱΨһܹ֧ˡ
﷢ŭŭɫףȴȻŲý
ʹȴִ֡
ʵֻ˵һ仰һˣЦŵģǧ֮ټǿҲҪܲסˣλᣬһȥȡʣµı㽻ˡ
պźȥţһ·ȥ
첽ǰȴһö嵲סȥ·˳˵ҪӦҪ󣬵һѾգҪ˵ڶҹȥ
˵꣬һȻƹȥ
վģʹ
δϣգӦҪ󣬵һҪԥؾܾˣڶȴҲ޷˵ܾĻ
УҪеһ·УĽҪеһ·У֮䣬֮ǰ档
㣬ȥɡһ
Ҳ¡»֣ƽ
ɫеǣȴòת뿪ʧںҹС
Ļʳһû뵽ǻټ档һ̾
ʱҪ飬û̫ݣû뵽Źˡ
ͬ̾һνɣʱ˭ϳ˶ԷݣͲнˡ
Ǹý飬Ƿ¡Ŀ⸴ӣŪˣ˭뵽ϧ֮˽ѳΪһĵˡ
һƺˣ֣Ҳҵ֣㲻˭ƭ˭
ߵ󣬾ɫߣȻȻ
ϣֻƣ֪ˣϧȴΪ˵ˡ
㵱˵𣿡ûлͷʵ
µ˵ͷԴˣҲδ˵ѡ
̫ƽո㣿
ǣЦδб䣡
ν°νİհ𣿡еļŨˡ
Ȼ»ش𣬲ɡ
Цһ»ָƽΪҵƤѾˣû뵽˶֡
˿ŭȻһƽһ˿Цݣܹϲһ˽̸ģǻͶ
Ͽ̫ĴˣżȻһɵͬʱҲһЩϲ
¶µ飬ңѹ¶á
£㾿ЩʲôⳡսΪĴսͬҲΪɴѣΪʮʿм˻Żصͥʵ
һᾡԼܣǶȥ
ΪԼһ֮Կ𣡡Ц
ʵˡƽػش
䣬ݵĳĬ֮Ǵ˿ȻһվһȴѾͶ
£νºƽУĵװĽɫһĨƣʵ
һЦɵ̫СˣҪǴǵǰϰ˶ѡ
ô֪ɵİվԼСֻ˵һԸѡ
һѹסԼ̵ŮǰҪԼҲûҪ
²ûлش𣬶ƽطʵ㲻Ǳɵİգô֪ǲԼС
ߣǿʶŭȴҲ޻˵ȷʵǱ֮ˣڱ˽ⲻֻ֪࣬ȷһƬԴƶĵ
µĻֶ̫ܲˡ
£ʮĽʿƽ񣬽Ϊһ仰ͱɱĸɸɾĪǾͲа𣿡
ᣬͨƽĵ·ܻҪһҲһҲһ
Ǹӣ
Ϊ˽ŮˣȴˣŮ˾ǸӣһҲ˽⡣
²粵ϾΪ̫ˣŻ˵ĲΪδĿռݸĵԭȴֻӺı£˵£Ǵĵ¡
޻˵֣֮ͬ綼ǴڵģºƽҲֻ룬ûκ˺κʱܹʵ֡
£ȥ˴ĺͱͥģ䣬ܳĺƽ빫ƽǰᣬҲᡣһ̾Ȱ
ûԹô֪Цһ֪Ĳͬʲô𣬾㲻ԸȥԣΪʧܣҴЩʧΣʧܣԼΪȥᡣ
ǣҳԹˣ̫ƽ·ϣҷ²ԸڣҲڡ
ĺУϳᣬһ˶ݣϣ֮ʱ仹ˡ
·оЩ⣬ȻϲѾˣ˵ĺ䡭


79 
֮䣬޻˵ǰǽǳȴԡ
ѷǼ򵥵ͬǿµĹȻ෴ֶ̫ңϲ̫˼ǰ󣬷ͬܡ
޷£֤ǶǴ
ûôĶĶԴֻġ
³ɹˣ֮пʢʧܣ²һѡ
ϧԴںں˵ºƽո㡣
Ӳɷ˵˻ʱϣΪϲˡ
ͬеͣ²ӣ̾ߵɡ
šµͷʱͣˡ
Ƶˣȴͬ·ˣվһֱȥ
Һܺ棬Ҫڴ˽ҳ紵۾ʼնûвµĵƵʲô
ڴ˵ֻˣȻˣԸһ޸֮ŮӻǴ´ࡣ
ϲߵ󣬷ȴǸ⣬һΪ֮ǰȷʵ̸ڷ²䡣
֪ܿˡ
δ䣬·صһӡģȻ
һƣĺף޷Ľʱһ̷ŷ𻺻ֹͣҲǰ
ᡣеĻδü˵ǧ㣬û㵽¾Ȼ䡣
ΪѺȴû뵽СС¶ƭ˵Ůӡ
˭Աɾʦ䣬޴Ĵ
Ȼ˲ľ֮ЦˣЦĲãЦ滨
䣡
һ̣һ춯صıըںҹͬһ㣬ҫ۵ĹâԶڰ֮ⶼܿ

ʦ
֮⣬һֱעὫɫ䣬һ壬ٳը
ľӪǰվӪ⣬עűӺݺһһɼΪԤС
ҹɫˣ¹ҸߣһٺԶָǰеĵ·Ӱһһͬҹеǣ𾪡
ػԵȴҲһĻΧΨĿĴ꣬˵ҹɫ
ûϵ֮ڸκϢҲûϵҩⶫû⣬ǿѹᱬը
²ĵƣԴһҩкüӣΪؼʱ̱ãȴû뵽ܷһ֮ʲô鷳ʡˡ
ὫͬʱݵۣصضһƣϵӰΪһĨ뿪ˡ
ľӪɴӪ֮˴ңŭĳὫҪӪƷ鵤ҩҪ֮йֻܱ࣬ס֮˵
Ȼ˵˶̫ˣƽ鵤ҩȴͬһ㣬˿á
һպ󣬱ɾʦ˻ԵϢ£ʱˡ
˭û뵽ɵľʦʱˣǾĴ£ɴһʧȥλʦвҪһϣľͿݻһڳӦҹ̺֮߳ҡ
߳ǳңͻı仯еĲ𣬱ɾʦ£ܹǣסĵĴ󲿷־޵ǧǿʳһһҪԸĿ±ǡ
ϽɫһƬôû뵽飬Ҳزȥˣ߳ǳܣͬѲ˱ˡ
лѪ֮ˣĻģƴһлᡣ
֮һսλƷǿߺλ벽ƴڻ£ӳ
λƷǿߺλ벽ȴһе˫մѪ齫ɱ⣬ԴˣӪĸȫĴһʣ
ܿ죬ߵ棬Ϊ֮߳ҹľѾȫĻʳǡ
ȻΣ֮ʱʧٶյĻʳˡ
Ļʻص͵ʲôûнֱͣջеĳȨѹ߳ҡ
Ʊ䣬ʮˮٶ𾪣ʮ߳Ѿͬһ㲻һʱ䣬һٰܡ
Ļߵ̫ˣưɱ֮߳еǿߣ벽춼޷⣬žֵط֣ԭĻߵλɽ¶ˮ̫ྐྵȻһλ졣
û֪λ̫ô˵ģʣϼһһλ졣
գ֮߳ϵµͨɱĸɸɾĻķԼĻع飬סˡ
췴֮ﱻĻʸ˶ǣڳǽϻҵĽ죬ŵĺͯҹϵޡ
ĳһƬţһ˿ͬеĳ͵ϵλĻʳ˿־廹ǿ־塣
֮֮ˣֱʱŷ֣ԭһеǱһеĲһĻڶʾΪֻڲõĻԳ׺ݵ
ֹĵڶ죬ͺˮһ·Уڵķȥ
սʮǼĶʮѸٸ̫ƽӪ֧ԮҪھʦ֮ǰɴ׼
̫ƽӪյĳ˿֮һţлһĨ⡣
еţ뿪ʱɻǲΪĶ
ûл˵ʧˣס˵˵ĻһҪز²ԸӲƴõѡ񡣡
⣬Ǹˣһк֣ʲôת飬мҪٵţͬˣվˮģ㷲ҵ˴Ҳá
ĻʺܿûֻҪŵĻٳ֮ʱɣǻʺĻٺҲؿ£ػɾȡ
ϣʣ
ǰİֽȻĿеˮҲ̲סžžصΪΣǲĻء

վһԣǿģȰûѾܿˡ
죬ʱҲֻϣΪа취һ
Ȼ֪ãȻ֪ˣǲԸţȥ
ӹһһ٣Ҳһ⡣
һպˣʲôҲû˵ֱӴ
ԺĿڴϣСһƬɷףоõˣǺܴܴ¡
ȥӦʱȥ
˵˵ĻһҪ㻰ʧ
븸ģһֱڳԷҩ˯ֻǣĿҪװȥˡ
ɾӪȻڴϣɫ԰ףԱߣĽĬҹغ
ʱ̣תȫǰֻ֮ȴǱҵıըڸԡ
ɴʿԵʱʧȥ˾ʦûΪǻܼȥ
һʿ֮ǰѾˣפھӪУһֱĬĬصžʦ


80 ʦ
޵еս޲ʤһԺˮĽԽԱ
лԻͶģսꪣؾ䣬ʧɫ
ҵںˮǰͣ˽Ų˫˭ûռˣսһպ󣬲òʱϢġ
ܵˣٴ𾪣ʮ֮׵Ŀһλλǿߵľǿߡ
һʱ䣬¶ڲ²⣬ǻʹ֮ھʲôȻԽ˵۾
ʱ춯أӵʲô򲻿ܽǳĹȥ
ˣȴδܣ޷ɱûκܹɱ
ǿױȵǿʵӵнʣЩ˴ڣ֮һ
˵ɱҹ̱㲻ܣǴıҪ˷⡣
սΪĳʱȶʱڣ˭޷κε˭
һս򣬱һоĺˮıԮҪ࣬ͨʿܹ黹ǱȲȫߵĺˮ
ɾӪ֮УֻŵѾʼӣĶʮԮ̫ƽӪʮʿڱȻǡ
ԵľʦΪɴΨһϣֻҪʦһԴ߳ѹء
ʧǣһֱ˴ĵԮʦδѡ
ԮͳĻʵĵϵ󽫾ֱ֮еľȨĻʵּ⣬볤ع
ּ˻ڻԵ̫ƽ֮ǰһٶҪΪΪȴɴ̲סµĵƺԵؽвá
жϣɵľʦһлδһƣóȻܻԴ
Ӧ£ȴ֮󣬷һתӪ
õķᣬܹ
Ҫűɾʦ˵Ļᣬһٽɴ׻ɾս
뿪ڶգӪΪȷ棬ܼױ򹭼ֽڻ棬ʣµĶʮϣ糱ˮȫѹͥ
ȻôĽʿֵ鷢ˣͥӪһ֧ؼ׵֣һ֮ˮ˲˴ĵǿĶܼױڱĹ£䣬򹭼ָǺ֮أת۱㱻ɡ
󣬱ͥʮȻ׽ĵıʿԨѪɺӡ
Եıɽʿˣʱʿ񣬸ʮ֮󣬷طйеŭ
սһһҹȴѳΪɱڶʱʮȫɱ﷽Բʬǡ
ˣ˵һ֮£˳ܣ̻ٵš
ʤ֮󣬱ɵʮһռ̤Ҫ¬ţӴؽԭء
·ϵĳϢɫ˲ɷףؿڳϣһ仰Ҳ˵
鷳ˣ
еͷ˭û뵽ĴתΪĻʹڲ֮أȴûϵóıս˾Ĵ¡
ɵľʦδѣµĺȴȻٶش˴ģһؼһ޶ǹ룬Ѱ߶ѿ⡣
ǱıȻҪǣȨ
ɴԭأѾõԵõ̶ܴϵĻ⣬ԭģȱıݡ
һս֮󣬽ԭıɴνɣ˿ɰ·
Ļôãջ֮ϳ©ǽţ˧ţб̻ԣ˳ᢲ̫Զ
ΨһİܱʣȴΪ˾һսĹؼ
عֱӻδ빬Ļʵ涼ûĻʣѲ޻˵
͵УĻʸˣҲ飬ûдǴĵĻʣζ
ֱӱٴѪˮȾ˴̨Ľһֱһ졣
ĻԽԽˣʤǰҰһƬžΣһ˵⵽֮֡
ӣʮͬʱﶯȴƵǿóĻѾʱ޶ࡣ
ɴΪڴͷϵĲ֯ȴһδαܿ˭óͥĽھܱԼʵȴžʦ
ĵĵ̫ˣɴıãʱڸûס
Ļ£ٲºؾȴҪرʮԮ
ͬ⻹ǴĽһη飬Ҳóһδļˡ
ɴ֮УҲʼλϸصıҲܴճʮϣǼΪ
ǣֲóȻ£ĵÿһؿҪӲǴȥûܾʦʮҪĵĸɸɾ
ϣÿһ˶ʦǰһǻµġ
Ķҹһϣ·λսأÿһλϢھƷ۷壬ͻƵơ
﹥ǳغ󣬱㽫ǳس׻ˣսݲ
ˣصһˣλս֮Ҳ˻شı߾
ͺˮǿϣĵλƽ¶棬ֻ֪һλǿȴû뵽ǿ˵ز
˲ûд󰭣ܿˣӵ޸֮Ի˲Ϊ˱֤´γʱһܹ
ĵĿλУҪԴ
ǸŮ˻û𣿡֮ϣڣѯʵ
ϢأʱӦûĿܡ·һλսɫ
üͷɴûǸŮˣ͸һֻݵϻûκ˵ǷǳõϢ
һץס˱ɴһἯбԿ֣濹֮£̱ضʧء
ȡһö쵤͵ɾӪŮ˾ϣ
ǣսȥ
ɾʦĪҪñʧսߺ˫۱૵
̻δ׼úʹȫ濪սʱϣ³κ¡

ͥһɫĹâʻ䣬ݵĳֺٶȻΪһĨԶȥ
Сգͥһ֮أɫٶȳ֣һ֣֮ӽǰС
˵ͥһأˡ
ܾܲСӵԹ˵
䣡
һ̣ʷƾ䣬һɿֲ־Ѹٽ٣Ϊô߶ŭ
㣬֣
¡¡Ծ֮⣬ǿѹΧ
ģ
赭дһ仰˿˿޾壬վڿ֮УһƬȻ㲻Ϊ
еԣڷ趯ǴĵĴ档


81 
ֻͥһˣǱһλ֪˶Ĺʦ
Ķʲô
Ǿʦǰء
λʦһİ׳ա
λ׳ĺܴǿ֮һ
٣ټĳͷĥ¡
ǿߣ֣٣Բ֮ٻһʧܾõš
ǿˣѶɹ٣֮С
֮УԺԺҹ̵ȶµס֣бͥĽȹʦѾֹΪ֪Ψһλδ֮ˣͬҲҹ֮У˵ǿƥеľǿߡ
乫ϵǿߣҲ죬һԴ½
ֺٲһȼĸĵĴȻţϾʱж̣δѳٵơ
ںҪˣ֮ǰס׳ձǡ
أԱߣǰסԨδγǽԼһȡء
䣡
ʱ֮ϣһɫĹâͻȻ£쾪ףȻ䡣
ﬣһ죬ལɳڿУͻһ
˵λ׳գʲôûˣ˵֮߳ġ
һգལУȻһʱһֲĴѷھ֮ϣһײǲͷ¶β֮
ñʦŭˣ
֮ϣŭһֻȻ£ָͬɽƸͬһƬɫ죬ԲǧɶС
Ծƣ壬գ콣ɳţ첢ϣָ죬һĽâ𣬺Ȼնƾơ

һϵӰֳֽ֣ףȴȻལסˣнϢ֮Ӧ࣬͵Ϯ塣
ɵĽȹʦȻô˲ܡལһӣȣ˵
Сޣ˲Сȹʦ˳˺Ц
䣬ȹʦһУͻƿռƣҪеץ
һ콣նգȻһն
һ̣ٶལ£һնȹʦ
䣡
ŭڣؿѣʯ䣬ҵĵǡ
ͬϢһ
һݣһչѧ˫磬ۺ趯ҫĿ۵ɲǣ⻮
ȹʦһһˣȴǱܲĽУת֮
㡣
ȹʦŭ֮ʧȥǣһСˣǾԲܵĳ衣
Ⱦ죬ǧâҫʷܵǣתȹʦ֮ҪǰС״ٲĵ
һеӰüͷһ壬Ƴӵûá
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鲻ϼȡҲ֮תӴ
ڣȺùöת쵤౬ԶδĴҩƻ
飬أת쵤ߺӦڷӳӦеƻ֮֮ռϷ磬Ѹٵ޸ٻ塣

ʹƺٶȴ忪ʼÿһλ֮عԭʼ̬֮
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ĵһۣ޲飬˲Ϣ֮һע˫֮Уع飬ȻһС
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Ľҩ˾ʦӪʣƬ̺߳лսĺ⡣
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֮󣬴ĵλԴŴԶ;Ϯδػʳǣֱӱرɴ
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ĵĴţÿһλս˳֮ȻٸɴκλᣬΪӪ꣬ƷνɴػذΧС
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ΨһѡӲȥȻʧء
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ܹ֮죬ɴ֮иû졣
ǿһˣĽƷߣȴɲ졣
᲻ɴݵĴżŹعصĴĽʿȥƴɴҪڴʮϣ۹ء
û֪ɾʦôģͬû֪ɾʦǺʱѵġ
һؼǰʮվǰǰĲ۹أ˵һ䣺
ʼɡ
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ŹرƣϢͬףⱳ󣬱ɾʦٶȰһ˿־ĽɫɴǰλƵǱһ·˵Źǰ˭뵽ؼʱ̳˾֮䡣
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쾳粻ܳʱѹƣҪͻƵʱҪѹһ춼ǧѡ
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83 
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84 ҹ
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һｵһ죬Ҳڳǰţο컹ʮǧء
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85 ŵƽ
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ܣҵǱͳѧǹʽȻϵˣ̿ڷϵ

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һ㶣Ȼ̲סһ֣
ֲ˼ҹ㶼ˣŰѿռˣǰôҲܣٲֱӾܾҲа
֪ͨλ̹ݿɲһ㣬үүϲ죬ҲһܿӣţС
λӡǻ˵㣬Ƹ˵㣬ܹ黹һλĺù
ŮӵǸԭĴҹ㣬ǲԭϵĹ
˵λ̹黭ͨϲĵĻ
˵λ̹۲һԭ
˵λ̹ĸ׾Ϊ۲ڸ̺ȥˡ
˵λ̹ܿҲʮ꣬Ҳֹһô˵
ԽԽúܲޣѾǧռ鱨Ƥ޲ð̵ֶǰȴãӲк˰衣
ʱһСѾͷڲԭʱע
С赹ˡ
䣬Զеİ߳ɫ첽̵ȥ
ĻǣԭϵĴ򣬵ȵһˡ
Դʹ˼۲ӦþಡﻹģκõĿʵǿԺԲơ
⾧ƵЧϧûˡ
ڣ⾧Ļ᲻óֻ֪
ûм裬ԣûˡ
Ȼпᣬʵ
ڣΪɫԽԽأʾǳֹۡ
̶ˡ߼ʵ
峤Ѿˡһ̾СӱѾ֮֮ǰཨΪСϲҪû漣ûҪˡ
ᡣԣ߽һģɫһɷף̶ûгףôܾôˡ
ϲԣϲ
ʱ򣬰ֻͷҲܲô߰㣬ֱӶˡ
ڡλ߽
ȥСļùСףУܺˡ
ǡλȥ
һԣ¶һĨǣڵ峤ôǲЩףǸʵǿǲҪΪá
ܲôˣ̶Ҫ߳
ڷ飬ѹ㲻֪˿̣ĵصá
ӶϣٵϾҪĵʱͻȻֲеսЩѰ
λԭϵŮͣ߹߹ȥŸʽĶֻڽպͻϲŻõŵĺ򣬺ֽȵȡ
ʼû£оԣһ˼Ŵ͡
ƻ飬ɣ
ִˣЩͷۣĵȻƻ飬˵ȥ˭ţ
Сֵܣˡ
ͷ۵ʱ򣬺ȻĴɤŴӲԶдϲ¿ԸϽ·ˡ
Ȼκ󣬲û޳ˣŷɻ廨
ΣǼӵӡ
磬ллҧгݵظл
Сֵ̫ˡǸǿĵؽǰߵл⡣
ȥоһ¶ʱӦòɢܣ΢˿պðɣͥһ
磬ǸءָָææȥĲԭŮǣСʵ
ƣͷСҸ㣬˵˵İ
ġԴĸСƵġ
˵С㲡أ峤ҪΪСϲ
ļٵģҡ¶ȵ
⻹м٣ǧȷţͲˡ
磬Ȼȥɣһ˵˵ġ¶м
ˣתڵУһ仰ǰ˵Ҫƻˣܲܡ
ڣɨһһĽ취
Щתһ룬԰ƨֲǳġ
㣬ΧҪˡ
ʱԭеĴɤţٵĽŲôҲаʮˡ
ðɣҲˡε̾һкǲˬôһ쵽Ҫܡ


86 ֲǰ
ӱֵĺ룬ɱڣģơ
ԭĺӶǼѪȵģһ棬ɢһɲͬ˵ѹȸС
ҲֻǶͨ˶ԣڵ˲˵ɱ飬Ҳɱ۶գһµķǳˡ
ת˹৵һī˵ϣϲˬ֮ɫΣǰɣ˭˭
룬룬ͬҲ˽ƽΪˣüͷһ塣
ߡߺȵ
ǡλ󺺴֮ƹֱӳץȥ
ϵĲˬ֮ɫŨˣ͸İһīʱһԪλ󺺶
л˵ҲԸֵ̫ѹӣڵ
ǣסɫһȵ
ǡεذγ䵶ǰ˵֣ˡ
ɫҪ
ﬣīʣ˪ѩڵ¶ȶ
ŵӣսһʱһֱƽԵ˿ڡ
ˣѽɡ
䣬ӳȥȥô¡
ۣսʣҲ˳ȥ
߳ϵ亹ǻ̫СϵɣĪ˵һˣٶʮҲܽ¡
峤ӲٴȰ
һߣת߳
̵ڣڴϵӴеõʵ
ǰо𣿡ʵ
⾧
Ǿûˣ
Ѫϱ֣꣬Ǿ仰ô㡣ƽ
御ɡͷϵ
˵꣬תŸոսİߣڵǿ̹ӳΪף֮ǰжԹʹա
סˣڳҲסˣҲߴ٣ĺĮڵȡ
ڳ֮˵˵ƽγضԱȣﵱ˵һ仰˿ֵ쾡£ˡ
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аգԴһ˿Σʵ
Ų㡣νص
ɫֱ䣬Ƭ̺͵һҧãҴӦǡ
ȥɡǰһǰ
ߺڳ֮ԥһ£Ǿ岻
ڷҲüҲתǰ
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ת쵤ҩһڱɵݹ˵ǻҩӡ
ͬһʱ䣬֮ŵѪѸûУɲǼ䣬ҩɢһ㿪ʼࡣ
ԼôʮϢ֣֮һĨֹס첲ϵѪŴϵ̣ȴ
ֹ˰ʱˣǰˣԸңʵ𣿡
ģ
һıۣһˮȻ䣬лл
ȥˣ̽񣬿̣ϲ
ߡ
ڴߵǵԶÿһ·ȥ
߰ɡǰߣԣƽ
ӦȻҲȥ
뿪û˿ԭҲֻǹͶѣ˾ˡ
ɽƾˮƾ෼ݱƵ࣬žš
ԭ֮ϣͱ֮ףǰһλźɫµŮﱧãɫ԰ף촽Ѫʢõ壬˲ֱӡ
ϧˡ
̾ȴûж˵ʲôعͷǰȥ
ɫȻһƽδйκβһһᶨơ
ԭܴһ·Умûͣһֱ˴еĿĵأ
һɳĮϵĳǳأԶԶȥͷŷڻɫϵʥǣ𺳡
˽֮󣬷аյԭܶ࣬ǺԭİЩƣŸС⣬ճͣϢ
һԶ׳۵ͥЦһ˵걱ɵĻʵͥңλүλҲʱճɾɨƽһзǰʵ֮ڵ׶ϻλ˱ɵҡ
˵ⱱɵСʵ۽Ҳꡣ
ɵǰɳҪˣҪȥʹ˱ɡʱһĨâڵ
ԣʾһȻ˵ͷǰȻһȥ˵ʵȥܻΣա
ô磿ʵ
ãԻȥ㡣δ䣬ӰѾʧٳȥ
죬εҡҡͷָܺһأҪԼˡ
еѣҲһֱȥĵľѾΣѣﻹ֪ͷ۳ʲôҪʲô
ڸսʹսĵŹؾȻˣɵʮֱ룬λ˹⡣
ⲻϢԴսʧıѾﵽһֲ֣ɴȴ
ԭǵĶʮ͵ʮ򣬼λѾ޷γвʮ򣬴ĽʮʿȻסʮ
УĲڱһ£ûС
һƾһ֮һʱŮӣѾ޵ˡ
˴βҪ֪ţǲ潻棬Ůˣͬ˼ɵ
Դ䣬˼δ˱зµӰӡ
ɱҲɱ˼򵥣򵥵ԲһС
ңһſõӡ
е䵶ѾԶ϶ɱһ˾ͳңôҲԶ϶ͬǷصһŰ塣
ȥҵһط
ҾڱɵҶ繷ȨߵĻȨ֮أۡ
һ㲻ͬҺȨҲϵĵռ塣
ֱϵӵܼ٣Ҳͨ飬һĴԽԽ٣Ʋѵ£¹أɽΪش֮˴Ϊ顣
ҵĴͳ͹أֻ˵һ֣ޣ
׳ɻ飬Բвǡ
ȻҲٵıΪѪǿ߻߲ܣպֻҪ㹻ɴա
ϰȤûУȥΪͱӵġ
Һܴ󣬷ǳ󣬴˳ԾҺܸߵţֱӴȥģһƷΪҸ߲ע⣬һʮƷʵ
Сүģһ˵һǵһڵϣǰߵµһƬ˲


87 
ûīǲ뱻ϳģճϺӺͰ̺ۣ˭ʶ˭
ֲ˰һ۾ң˶֪ѾĲˣҪǻ룬޻˵
ҵĹºܿ˳꣬üͷԾһ壬óˡ
ʸ¸մҹ¿
ɾáͷŵϰ̺䶯ȥЩˣ¡
ֵܣ֪鸮Ϊ¡ҹסģʵ
Ҹղû˵СүģûԼȻأǿ׳ŵ
룬ֲһ䣬СүҲȢ˫ǸСƤġ
֪λС㣬Ϊ˫ʱƣôôƤˣ˫ؼи˫ֳ˫
ȻĻ䣬һӸдˣӳȥ
䣬һλɫŮ߳Ժеĳªˣ¶ŨŨ֮ɫ
˫ֻǣıϵİ̺۾Ե̫
С㡣ҹ»δûüȰλźµѾ߳ΧС
ɣСүûܴСƤСүʰȥѵ㡣
һѰγϵתΣǰãһǾ˸ʵΣŰǶļܾûˡ
ƽעһ˿еѵļ󣬸æýأٽһڽ֮⡣
ڳ˶Ƿŭλֳ䵶ʽвҪ
˫Įûκβ̵ô鸮ѾǲˡҳԲѷֱǻĲͷˡ
ϣʽһһһһΣգЦһһǰ˹ƣɫޱȲúð
䣬ƷϢȫƺĴ󿪴ϣ˺ܿ첻У׷ȾѪ˳ȥ
ˣ˫һߣһ˲ǰһƳźĿӡ¡
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µĶԾжһҹȻԻվ̶ѨҲҪһ
˫ͬ𺳣ȴϢٴ֡
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üͷһ壬벻룬ҪңҪͨҵĿ飬ҵĹء
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ܼ򵥣һµӣڹأͨ˿˵ӽһ䣬תŸкȥ
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С㡣ǰ¶ġ
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ǣЦݾͱЩˣڳλҳ϶һ꣬ô˳ª֮ˡ
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ԣ۾һУŬһ仰𾪣˭˫ʵȻҪƷĹİƷǿҲܲ·磬û뵽ȴһò֮ˡ
ߣȥ˼һתڵ
ϣⲻϹءüͷ΢壬廰
ҹأҪңֻҪһλµӼɣһλϣʵЩǿѡ
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ֻҪܳбɡϵ
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߳һλСЩͷӣСһλͷӡ
вޣҪҲǾƷ϶һ趼ʶǣƷ
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ˣ̫ꡣ
˵䣬߳һ࣬̽ץս֣Ȼȴнڿһת

ӣ߳һʱϣӲʣɡ
ûˣвᣬּۣ߳һӣϽƬΪ顣
ڿе㣬֮ڰɫת֮ȻãȻ׹ܿ⡣
߳üͷһ壬ٴץȴһĵذ壬һĽǶȣָһָ
أ
߳Ϻ۵ֵƷΪӲһ
˳ƵɶصϣͷһЦѾˣ
߳ͣӣһתصλϣСӵʽ˲ϰߣûа㼣Ѱƺÿһжʱġ
ڳ֮˽ԿЩߣȷʵ򵥡
ãӽҵĿ䣬һйأ˫̡Ͽڣһս½ҪλǱʵǿߡ
һԣ˫Ҳû飬ҪյģȻ̡
ɡ˫һĮ
СƤĪҪţһСүʰķġֹһȴûΣڳ֮˶
˫кһţЦҷ֮˵ɡ
鸮ԺһСԺУ˫˦һ仰ȻҲųª̡
ճʱȥҡ
ȥӰĮҲں뷿ţƣرǰǰαװ۵ġ
ҵʵ𾪣ƷϵĳϾλҿȫû뵽ͥһֱɽ¶ˮҾĵ̣һҪ͸鷳ˡ


88 
ʲôֻԼ֪һܷ񣬺ܴ󵨵뷨
²֪ţҪһľϲ
֮ǰ취ͱһϳǿʲȥϣ۸ԣ۸ͲС
˫Ů˲򵥣̳̣֮˵һλΪǣѾܾûڸгֹˡ
֪ڷеʲôãܻٵĻܻЩ鷳
˫ҪõĻᣬˮ˫ǲҲʲôܣκһ嶼ϡ棬οͥԴӾʦĳ֣Ůӵĵλֱ˫ҪλȻҪǲڽ¡
ҵĵһܵ͵ˣԸʹȻҲƣڷȨʱעɵκδﶼҪȻʧɫűá
ҲҵһѤãâȫѹһǣ˫һΪصĳŮ޺ۡ
ҵϵˣһŮڴǰμ֮λѷĪȴˣδ¶޺۲˵һ˫ͲҼ֮λˡ
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С㡣úñ֣õأأ̬õشһк
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УȱһСƤšЦ
Ĳ˳ʺ˫һȴȻƽһᰲһλѾͷȥ㡣
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ҲԽԽƽԴһҲȡ
ڷУûйƽеֻõ
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һѾɳ˵ˣּ󶼱޺ۺǲڱҲҵٻճ
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˫ҡҡͷϣҸղŵĻǾؿǵģʮѡУҲƷ֮ϣƷ࣬ƷȻٵûУЩ꣬һٷſɶѶԽԽʵҾ޸Ҳ㲻ûԼ
̾һεԼɡ
ҵλСʲôã̫ƣԼҲĮס
ִ꣬һμ취λϣҵʽꡣ
صԼСԺʱѾ۵òУҵĹʵ鷳⻹ǿĹأҪʽ֮ʱ֪Ҫٿ顣
ʣµ죬࣬˫мһΣѽһһᣬѡһѡ
ȻԥѶҪˣ˫ٴüͷһô̰ᡣ
Сүһֱʹ˫ġĻںСʲôŵأ֪ܵػӦ
ʵ֤иݵġ
պѡУӲ˫һ
ҵļλϲô⣬Сӳǳ㣬ʵȷʵӹɵģĸһһ¡
΢Щ鷳ľСӵݣԼ˵ϱߵǣȷʵ֪ʲôʱط
̫ţëвָһץһѣҲ޷ж١
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˫ûвμӣø˱ˣĹ⣬¶
ұֵĴ󷽣ȻûҪһΣµʮӣƴ˼μֻܾˡ
ȻʱһõϢµ
Ф֮УһƷĿ䣡


89 ī
ϣƷǴײˣʮµľƷֶС
ǰоƷֵǮһ˶ǾƷһһһᣬף̫࣬ǻʹ̫ࡣ
µһĴģʹȻȱǿߺš
ʵϣ뿪ʹ֮̾ʧ¼䣬˶࣬١
ͥʹĲ˲٣ǿߵ͵ȼҲ֮ܶ࣬ҵļλƷҲʮϣ⻹ǶǿߵĽ
һҪһƷ̫ˣûУ༸ҲûУȴû뵽۵Фҳһ
Фһֱôͣ˵ʮоûѺõġ
ФһλƷʣµҶǺϢ
ΣҵǱӣƴԮõĵþƷõĵ
ѽսأ֮󣬺׳ɳĮǳӭһһҪʢ¡
Ҵӵִķϣ˫ҲһԸţ˶յеٮٮߣһƷһƷʵ
ȻǸɵӣΣСǿ׳죬ŵС
ϲ㰮˵ˣֻҪ̫鶼ܣ˫Ǳ۲Ĳ̬ȣһ·ǰ棬ͷء
˶ʶʵ֪һﲢ濴ȥô壬ҲԸǡ
ԣ飬Ϊ˰
ͥĻʹģ䲻ģȴԼصķɣ˷ΪɳĮһصķ羰
ʮ㲻ǿģҲ㲻ģٱ濴ȥˡ
ǿһҺǻңڶıңһλھ˲Сλļ塣
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һֱ͵ʾˣϵǸ󵽲еʵ̫ע⣬ǿ׳죬һµһӣ벻˹עѡ
ְ׳գе˳һ⣬ô¡
Уľÿ츳һԸ˶ӵҪгɣ̫߳
ȻûӰʦ˼ʦһ콾Ƿܹ⡣
ͥǰʮҵ˶Ѿλұһŵм䣬ΪһҾǻҡ
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92 ǣС
˯źߵԽԽˣҹɫ£ͬһذ׵Ӱת۵Ĺʧ
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ȻһǶеĹԶ䣬һֱֱеķߣܻ߳ɳĮ
С˯úܳСϡƣСŮ֮ǰȷʵŵĲᣬҿǻˡ
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˱ɵСʵۣͥȻҪһ󣬷վֻһˣλˣԴ˵õĴϢᡣ
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ҹܿȥ콫ʱǰǵޣɵĽɳĮǲԭƶ񤣬ΨάƣҲɱɰ뺷ص㡣
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С»ûѣ˯㣬ģܿɰ֮ǰǸŤŤСŮ
ϧѰ˺ܾҲӰӣһƬϣû˾סʵҲ֣ͥعϡҪããԭһ˲ô׵顣
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СҪԶһһҹѶĲˡ
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93 
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97 ɽ
ӺԴĵҳϴδ˻ɣλϺүȻշһڱ߻֮ŴĽͿ๦ߣԹԡ
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101 
֮£һɫ⻪Ӵ֮г֮󣬼ָʮ·ֹסΡ
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СԳµشһԣԲĹĵش۾ģһεڹĵط
ûпڽʲôʵԼЩãʵڵĵطһþ
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׽㣬֮󣬵ݸС¡
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102 һĨ
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ڴʱһʼճĬԵ̫ʶͻȻڵɵСʵۿɷ賯͢
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̫ʶɫ֣أԴǵСʵ֮¹ϵشϣ濼ǣֻҪϣպҲǲܡ
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ǰ˲˵̫ʶȰһ䣬СʵۣΨĲܶһЩϢ֮ȻðΣմ뱱ɻʹҲǲؿŴս
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̫ʶɫ΢΢һͣЩشǸ˳ŵȻǴĵǧҵҪ֮ף˵Ȱ˱֮ԡ
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ûа׳Եͣٸͻжٻرƾվ֮Ҳĸ

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103 ֪
ڶճ֮ʱǣСһ·ĹȥСŮĲñסĳԶԶȥɵɵģεģɰġ
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СŽ䣬һһֱʼղƬ̵ͷ
һΪһΪɵʧ޼ۣ
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104 Ļ֮
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һ̣ī˪һλýͳǰ
һ仯ǧǧһ쵽һŵĵز
ͳɫһ䣬ὣУκвɵһ壬ˡ

͸ļѪͳǿ̾ʹӡؿڡ
ͬһʱ䣬ͳĵǰ
Ӳһƣ˺˳ưγīһɫâʢ֮ͳζʱȣʽ
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Ȼ˭ûԤϵһĻˣĻǰһ͸Ϣס
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Ӧý޺˵䣬гٽ磬ƬѪ
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ϰ䡣ĻʿѪʵ
ѾˣȻߡ޺һĨ̾Ϊһ죬Ѿ˽ʮꡣ
ЦЦ
ЦĻȻתһӡ޺ĿڣصһѪ䣬ŮзȻ˳ȥ
𾪵һۣɢ˿ȥ֮ǣ㣬˭ԷĻ
ĻʿûٿһһģһһѪŽ壬ִŵس͵ϵȥ
߸ϵĽݣյϣȴΪѣĻѪֹĿڣÿһҪЪƬ̡
ִܾ֮ŵӰڻϡ
һ̣ĴЦ֮͵þò
ĻʣԶĴ֮ʣ


105 Ļʱ
Ļˣ֮ϣϵЦȻһڡ
յ͵һƬţûһ˽֮⣬޺۾װȾѪɫ£һŵõ塣
໥ƵˣȴΪԷ飬̣䱯
ĻǻģĻʹ֮Упرȥ̫ʱҲȥĻʻʵ
ֻǣĻʵΪǿԼҹĲ;ƿݣˡ
ǴǧһλʣΪɣΪ¼ɣСԾϣύˡ
ǿɱģԸΪ֮ʵѹϱ䱾Ĳɣλس֮ʳΪһ
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ߴȱǿߣ̫໹λͳ죬ӦκεĴɱκΣǿȫߡ
޺ԣλĻʵĵϵ˭Ҳû
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޺ΨһĴ󣬾ǴĻʻĿܣһʱ֮档
ڷû㵽£˿֪
紵һ˿΢¼ŵ͵Ա䡣
괺Ļʱ

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С¾ر۾Ըٿ
Ȼʱ֮ϣһһ֣תۼ
৵һ˫̫֣һơ
һߣҲˣȻ֮ȣ𿪵ꪣ˲Ƴս֡
лδٶһģؿһƣһѪŻ
磬ѹƣһ̱
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λͳ첻ԭ򣬻һۣноȺͲ⡣
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λͳ۾΢΢һУɵ
ӻʹȥǾ֣λĵǺεǿ
ɹĵĴѾ̤ˡ
ˣͳ쵱ϣ
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λͳͷӰһѸʧսС
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ܿ͵ˣһλɫŮС»طϢ鷿С
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磬þòͬʱǰ̾
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͵֮Уٴһ̾ȻĻڻʳʮֵ꣬ܣ
֮һжԹɢµͽǸпĺޣʮѵ˺ܶ࣬޵ˣҲˣܴź޶ȹһ
Ļʮλֵܣֻʣˡ
߰ɣϵȥһ̡
˵꣬Ųʹȥ
ڳλϵ֮ȫع
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֮ϣĻ˫Цзһ޻ꡣ


106 
Ļʱ֮ڣ£е˶𾪵˵
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ң˵Ϣ͸¶һͬµʵ
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빬Ѿ꣬ڲŶ֣ʵ˶벻
֪ĵҵ޺ۣ֪ˣȴҲԶ˵
սڣ̫ನۣ˽죬ȫû˻ʵۣò˵һַ̡
Ļˣ˵˭ˣ϶и˵ˡ
С¾һ
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Ļˣ̫ˣʳǣʱ˻С鷳
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Ѿͷ۵ĲˣĻʵĺ֮¶ҪͣЩﲻæҲֵС
ݣԼµһЩȴȷԿ϶һͱͥйϵ
ǰõѱʱ׷ɱ
ھѵѾû̫壬Ļʵؿڣ˭ܳϴ¡
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պڸУǱˣˮƽµһİﲻʲôæҲѲˡ
˵Ļ죬е죬øɻôܣҲôӡ
ˣһˡ
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ֻǣҲôģÿλֵ֧֮ĳӣԼڲͳһ
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æԳ˵ɾʦǱҪȥ̸̸ʲôԼͷ֮вĻҲ˵ڱ̯ʰǰϣɵĴѾƤӵ¡
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װСµ
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룬վɥҡҡͷᡣ
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Ѫºһսаˣ˴֮лмѪºֻһλ벽죬ȴ춼顣
Ѫºǵһμ棬󹧾һΪػı߽ϧѻʯʵ𾴡
Ѫº̸ֻ˵ͷ
ƵĴҹ·Ϣ֮УȫӵǿߣǿȻܹܡ
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ݺֻܼʮһ֣У̸̸ɡ


107 ʶ
ɴӪ˧ʣ¾ǰľʹţһĨɫ
գǻʽˡ
ԴֵһΰǰͶɱ⡣
һϲ֮飬ĳּпܻΪļƻвԤ֪ı
ʵ֤ʱĵǳΪʵ
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հЩѹ֣֮󣬷۾¾ġ
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Ůǲܱ˽յģҲ⡣
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죬һ˿֪ʦʲô㣬ʵǣǱ߱ػԱµİΣ£ľʦЭȴľʦ޶ԡ
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зִ磬°ɡµĮ
ǡһ̾ת뿪
Ҳֻʦ棬űɴ߳ѵľ档

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ԽܵģܵģԵĿʵǹˡ
ΨһƾǽСУ¶ٻһЩ˼ɣŮܣǿʲôġ
ӦС²˵ȥСŮܵ˺ֲ֪ôõƣðײá
°ٷ֮ٲӦ˱޶ȵúеƣĿǰҪǵ顣
бֻ࣬򣬼ѪºǧҲɴ֮һ
ʮлʮһô붼ǼΪ顣
ɵɲͲ̵İ׳գңµĻһǹս֮Ͼɱ¾Ļû취
ﲻ򣬹򲻿ɵ˻˵˵ѣߵҹ̿ĴǱǿʮˮĶ߹ôˡ
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ֻһҲֻʮˮӦǲףжľߡ
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κγӶ֮¶ǳȷѪ꣬ǧ֮꣬У˲űÿĻƣѪȡ
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ߵǰСŮͷ̾ⳡһսһʼ𣬾עһ·
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ƽ͵һĻ˿κνź棬ʶϧϧһҪԷ˭й٣йԥ飬ȴδ顣


108 
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ͥʹĴ򵽽죬Ѻˣϣռţԣ̸УռȨĻǱɡ
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кĻʵ뷲¾Ѳ˸ϵһͱ̫ݣҲ̫ʱ
ĻɽϣҲڻߵز
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̰ΪһΣеʱʲô鶼ɵĳ
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ǳǵˣջѡ
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΢࣬ζ𣬺ò衣۵
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۷ս֧׾ȷҪһλµ֡
пܵĻðϹҲһλܹһ룬Ȼ̫Ҫɱ˿Ҳ˲ôˣĵѾٿʲô߰Ķ
ᾡֻϣ󣬱ṫѸȥ飬пһٳ׵
Դˣûκΰ취ܵģҲ飬̫һĻңĻʣ˭ᣬ
ǱߣǰȥΣͻȻûͷûβһ䣬
ͷֲۣǾȻԱͰɵİɡ
ô죿ί˵
̫ƽ̸УλڴˣʱӦһʱ䡣ش
ܸҶٱƬ̣ʵĵ飬˾ȥˣݰݡ
ǧش
ǧûôԼȥⲻȥڻ
ǿһӣǰèҶԷĿӻһλ־Ĺ
ֻǧȷȻϷҲرֻܵǧ
ȥԥؾܾˣûȥ
ȥҲȥΪں𣡡һ˵
ʱ׳Ϊǰˣ׼һΌдѹá
ǧû򰡣
֪ûҩըⶫʲôʱ򶼹õģ룬λȶס־;Բܱҩը
㾡ϣֻҪϹһ£ԮͻᵽȰ
ļٵģڻԮ¶ɣһš
˵УͻУôﲻͷ
ǲţΪСʵһУ
һСɫȷϵ
СʵҪߡ
ԡͷ֪ºѸı䣬ңСʵ۸ߣǾһ¡
ðɣȥӦﶼˣֻ֪ͨһȥȥҲɲ
ձ㶯ڣˣȥʺҪҲȡһ켶ǿߣҲøζҪϵԮ֣ص
ͷǣôη꣬Ҳ˸óʱ
ˣˣʳǵ飬ᾡ㲻õġ
˵꣬һǰɣתȥ
һСġֻ˵֣Ҳųȥ
뿪رۣڴͷ֪ʵڱƵûа취ˣŻôѾûп֮
ǧ˵ˣȥģûܻŻ˭֪
Ҳֻг˲顣
˵ʵûаܹϹһ£Ȼϰ֮ˣǷĵʵһܹԸ
ңԱԽ֪ôסλȶס֡
ĽԶԽӴһλ־ǿߵĵز
˵ɹȥһ죬ʵò󣬷Ľղνǵˣƾһλپ죬ǲ˵ȶֵġ
λپϧǰҪػʳǣֹȹʦֲҪǰȥ͵Ϯ
һҹĬܿ͹ȥ֮ʱŲԵС߳ţϳŷȥ
ǧѾװλ칧վǰߣȴ
׼𣿡ǰʵ
ʱȴүλ֣ص
гһ̾
һ̣Ŵ󿪣ƺƵȥ
ѪºվڳǰĬĬУ֪һ𣬿֮ա
Ҫȥİ¿ʵ
ϡش
𣿡¼ʵ
ͷ
˺ٰһ۾Ϳ⣬ƲƲ
Ҳôû취

뿪󣬷±õϢ˼Ƭ̣ûǰȥ
˽һֱû̫µİΣһ֣֮³ΣͲԤϵġ
ûȫ֮߿Ծȳ£ðա
һҪھȳº˳Բܷ


113 
Ʈǧһ·϶У߲ݣٶȿľˡ
սѾܽʣµķҲŲ˶ãҵ飬ֻҪ黹ŵסһֱ·
ĵĽܴ󣬴ӱǵĵϱ߽˵ҲҪһҵ·̣ߣٶȱͨҪࡣ
ϻˣԴ˺ܶҩе鵤ҩ٣ڵԡ
ʱ򣬴δ빬Уһɫֱ𺳵ľ󾪶¡
·ģǧ޵еĴѾԳƣ·иƼʱᱻû
һɫȻܴľʹܹŤתƣĵİһ˿ģ첢ûȫģʹеλʺҲΪĵĴŬ
ɫĬ˺ܾã֪ͻˡ
ൽδ빬һֱЩ³Ĺϵõģ˽գͻ죬ȴôҲ˲
ҪȥЩĺУҪһλ죬ʵȥ
ʱͻ죬ǰѡȻˡ
̾ʵϣһȥܹҪһŵùˣˣô졣
ûԹƵϱ߽ϣ׵ǳõҲǳ
һ飬ƽҲǣĻҪɱʱǲһеվס
ڻʹĻĹһ࣬ڻʹУǿԵģһδٲ
͵ܳٴּ⣬ּأ֮࣬ȴҲֻǽ㣬Ӷû
ΨһһγŭΪ͵͵;Źףͼ׶顣
ǴԣʱĺѩɱǸ̫౻˳ȷʵŵһеҪ·ŭ˳
죬ĻѲ豭ˤĶͷϣѪ
ﻹǰнտİȫĹûС
˵õĳһΣڱȥ£ѡҲֻ
ûʲôԹģȻ顣
ҹĻٺöһҹ·
¸߹֮ʱ⻮ʣҫ죬ˡ
һ趯֮УһʱȥĴ
ϲָоԣ֣
ߵǰڵ㡣
ˣ֪޷ıʲôȻϣǸ̫ࡣ
Ұ㡣
һӣһǳɫĽ֣ǰȡԱɵɳΨһű仯ǣ˿ѽѾΡ
ԪֻһеĻᣬһҪá
ӹеɳ֮һǰδеת纣ס
Ԫ룬ɳɳر״Уѽʮּʱؼʱ̾ϴá
ҹɫŨҹĽʿ˶ϢĳȴԸϢ
ͻ죬һֱѳϢϲĸоĺѩѾҲ
ԣһҹûûˣҲû˯߶߶˵һϵĻ
ûֹһʱ˵һ䣬ÿͻ춼ǹȥ£㵣ĵ̫ˡ
εӣⲻǱ
֮Ϣڿȫָԭ״̬Ҳ֮һ
гѾһ룬ӦþܵĿĵأһϢգ·
Ҳˣһֱ߲ݣ˯Ķǹ졣
ǶΨһˣո·СͰ͵ģȲӦ
кǺۣСŮ̫࣬ܣŵָ
ֻǣⳡսҪܾãСԼҲˣʲôҲû˵
֮󣬶·λͳɫԽأ˶ǾƷڵǿߣ仹δ۷壬Ҳ̫Զ
ȻȴǳףǴУǹȥ
ƷڣǸʵ㲻ʲô
˵ȶס£λÿ˵ʵھƷˣ첻սʤ
Ϊͳ죬Ȼ֪һЩƽղ֪飬֪ǻʺεˣ֪ʺ˳֪ѾΣʲô̶ȡ
ĵıսǣƣټδܵȻ׽⣬ꡣ
뼯ȨĻʳǳе࣬Ҫıʮλͳ͢У֮߳ôãҲֻǼ˶ʮѡ
·̺ܿ͹ȥеҲʼϱ߽ڵˡ
ԶսϡţǧԭӪ
ҹ֣ͬԶľվһߵ֮ϣżԶսһ˫۾˼

λǰһʵʺүܹ𣿡
Ӫ֮ǰһӰҲ˳˫Ŀͬһ˿ã
תһŸ˼ʮָӣ֪ӽǧȫС
𣿡ƽؿʵ
Ӫǰǧʿ΢΢һ࿴˿գҲ֪˭͵͵˵һ£
Ҳ£Ҳǻ¡ʵ
ĻڽʿĿң֪ô졣
һ۴ĻʳǷ
ϣûǲģ£Ҳ¡
һֱΪûоηˣǲϵġ
ˣԣûʲôÿɳܵġ
ҴŷֻԼֻŴʺо֮໤֮飬ڡ
һҪԼִţҪҪУԣҼʹҲˣûУҪԼˡ
ҲװҲǰװǣȷʵܳŵǶܻŻȥ
ʺҵסһ£һڣҲ˵ʲô뿪ƨȫսҲˣͬսҲˡ
ҹԼúһ룬Ǹокδ֮£дһպ˭ţͰȥԸ
ˣϢɡ
䣬˻֣˵ֻЩģֻԼȥ˼ĵĽǴɰܣ䡣
ˣһսˣȴǴǧ
սӢ۵ǵأǧѡԼסһƬƽ˴ʢǧꡣ
ǿĻʳûаܹ֮޵УΪʲôʱ򣬴ĵһҶԼ
ԭĽѪдɵǰǴԶսꡣ
ѪǴӴˣΪս꣬Ľ


114 
һҹߺ˼жȹһ飬ʿӪǰһ£Ӵˣȴսˡ
ǧһ޻ڵļǰУھǰһߵһĨΡ
ö룬Լѡ·κ޹ءƽ
̾Բġ
һΣоԼ˵ھԵʵǰٶҲǲ԰ס
ԴУΪˣһѧҲҪ֮ǰȺα޼䡣
뵽תͷʵ㣬ȶסֿ㣬ԶԵ㡣
Ĭã˵ղˣսأٶȿΨһĲ㣬ȶס־ĴڣҲкǿҪĶࡣ
ԣ۾΢΢𣬵ǽֻ֣ܲսܹųֶã
⣬¶ɫӦûд̫ӦǿܳʮУʲô
ûʲôʶѡҡҡͷص
ʮУ࣬ҲˣҪһȶס̫ǿ󣬽֮ʱҪһܹԱ
ȻܹҲһ
ûãǰһϴ󽭳֣һλͳǰǰ콭֮󣬾ЩвԶˡ
ˮܼ̫;е̰ӣÿﶼһţΪ˷չޣ޽ʱʵ˴Ĳٵ
ϣһӶ߹Ľˮ۾Уǰ·
ʮԿԶһΰĳǳأǡ
ǴĵĹѾ
ĵİղŷս֮󣬾󲿷ֶΪء
޵еĴģȴԼİնˣò˵һֱ
ĹǣѳΪʥأͽ½½ӷΰǵķ
ȶס˼ķڷϵȻһͽĹ
һڹ죬ȶµס˼ǿޱȣȻ˼䣬ҪԼķӷ
Բ߲ݣЩӲС
սҲʼòʱ
վڸߵϣԶԶŹǷ۳ǿŽǰʵٻ֮ңߵԸߣԿԿıȽ
ǧͬλ춼Ŀ⿴ǵĺպҪֹӼϣֻǣѶ̫ˡ
ڵȴǵĺ֮һбɵľʦ֮һȥһ뵽취ġ
⣬Ѿʼȷ⣬쵽︴գõʱ⣬ȴս٣ʧЩ
ڸߵվһ죬ʼû˵һ仰ֱҹĻʱ
λ컥࿴һۣʵڿүЩʲô
֮дţһӥ˴Ļʳǣʣµһͬеīһλ죬֣ص
Ҫֽīȥٻء

ӹẓ́Ƭ̲ҵ顣
ʣµʱ䣬Ȼ˼Ȩÿһϸڣʱ򣬲κεط
չСϢദ˼죬Ѿ졣
ΨһЩŤľҪʱעԼŮݣƳԣһֱӴ
ɲѰߣΪ˼ڵ¿סˡ
ʲôѾһ죬Ҳû˵ǰʵ
˼Ƭ̣ʵʵ˵˵׼ȥһ˷
ڵӲǵסģŶȶסڣٵĸͲţҲקϺС
üͷһ壬취ǲǻһ⡣
ô졣
ĵ飬Ǹһ뿪ӱֱӱϣ˭ֵܵ
콭ˮȫˣҽչ۲ĵΣ߱ϱ΢΢һ㣬ֻҪը콭һߵļ̰ӣˮ̾ڣȫû
ĵӴղ壬ӱһҪصĶ࣬ˮ͹ػأϺ죬ԹȥЩȴС
侲ڵǿȣһˮ󣬼ɵطҲҪ²ܸ·
Щ뵽취ǰһЩǸʱҲѾ˷
ֻҪܰϺкλȥߵĽѹܴƾ콭գع죬ȵԮӦò⡣
ΨһЩϧľǰˮƬػҲͷˣʱѾܲôࡣ
׼һȥƻֱʵ
һǧ룬
ǲ̫ˣüͷٴһ壬ʵ
㹻ˡȥˣ׶༪٣ܿһҲزٶҲңԸȶס֣Ҳ˶ͿԵġ
ʱѾʹīϺûñõټ
ױţվڵ¾ȴ
ţһŴֿȱ仯СӣӻһĴ󣬾ȻҪ
һ£ûʲô˵ģܾôСӡ
ȥǵ֪ҪһΪĴۣ츮ǾͲʨӴ󿪿ڵ
ƤһθҲ̫ˡ
һȥүǡһȭת׼뿪
һֻӥȥǺүͱкܶ໰˵һЦѵ
ͷ뿪
պ󣬽ص콭ǰפĽӪУһֲĽҪ˵˳
ȥϢɡ֣û˵ġ
ӦҲûȨӦǳ͢ɣﶼҿڡ
̸вһ̸£ûãһŽӥʹ
ŵθ򵥣˼ͻͷβֻһ˼ˣҪΡ
ңŵᵽ̸вɣ濼ȥһ
ţмȲˬ֪Св
䣬˾֮УΪһ˳ɾͻ뿪
Ůˣ첲ѿʼգΡ
ţ޳ܣһಽҪʮĹ˰Ȩ
յʱĻҲˣֻĸ֣鴦
ǳڷȨܣÿζüʾĸ֣˵ν֧֡
ҪѾ֣˼󣬱Ӧ£ʱ䲻࣬ڴ˷ȥ
ӥٷɻʱһơ
УѾ˺ܾõùƺ󣬻Ȼ¾㱸ڿԳˡ


115 ˼
һǧźҹڻԶԶƹǳȥ
վھӪǰȥǧӰг쳣
޷һȥ񣬶ȶסֻڹУΨһ佻֮ˣǣơ
ݻٷֻԼȥڼΣ˭Ԥ֪
ߣǿ˾һλƷڵĽ죬һӪУסķߡ
ǰСµȥΪ⣬̫Σգͬʡ
£һҪȥֻһˣ֮⣬˭С
˺ܾãջǴСŮȻ¶£ĥߴƨ
һˣһھͳˣȶУȻֱȥ
ķ
ʣµǧ콭ʮﴦȻȴŷӵĶĵʱ̫ܶһһ졣
ǰе鶼ϸ˽κϸڶûзŹ
һλͷӦ£ؼʱ̣¶κһ㡣
ҹɫ֮£еĶԽԽ죬̶ûͣЪƻ֮ǰ̤
ҹŶѸ£ûñ̤֮ء
һ·˳ûκ谭
óнʡ˲鷳
дһлԼǰĲòǸϣҪһƽϡ
ЩϻѹһŶţŵȤûС
ȻʱӥǴ˳ȥһƵı顣
밲ɿϵţǣزžͲ˵㡣
յʱڰ֮󣬿ź󣬶ʱЩȥġ
ֻ֣ڼƷˣ
㣬һͲǸϴдģϲ䣬дֵʱҲ࣬էһûϳ
ɵӣֺֽͷҲĳ֮УҲֻаܴжȨ
еĻϸ˰죬ǻûп仰ʲô̵ĺ壬ʵҲϰˣֲһε顣
ŵȻǰ򵥣룬˼ҪȷԼʵж߰дһҪԷܿö
һպһŻʱò׷Լʵʵ뷨
Ÿˣֻ֣͡
̸֣ģȴо˵Ĵ
ʱһͣ½ŲͷĽ֮ڵˡ
ɫҲ֮Σմһʼ
ϸ˵㲻һңԶȶΪģⷢɢһټ޷ȡ
һǧ̤һ·УǵĿĵرȵģȶ¡
սչ;ÿһأ΢ֿһǧ£Ѹ߽⡣
ͲǼĹȣеĵֿɢɢϷǿ߶ѱУôסĽ
һΡΰɽ£һ˻
ɽϣһ޴ķ·СС³еĸʥ
ֽɽ޷еʥأգڽǰ
ͬһʱ䣬ϽĹУŴ򿪣һŵӣƺƵ߳
ˣ
ʱ˱ǧѸٰӪ콭ȥ
ûãھ˻ŵһߣͬʱǿǰһһУʱؾһ޴ɫǹӰȻһӷֱ
ĺͬӽ٣ݿʣµ谭Ѹٳϯȥ
˵ĺ޿ɱ޿ɵԶԶȥؾޡ
ŵӴ󺧣תܣȻѾˣľ룬ת֮䣬һŵͬȫˮû
ǰе쳣һŵΪֲ£Ψп־壬Ψ
콭԰֮УĮؿźˮеĲûκͱˡ
˵ȺααˣͲӦڡ
߼Ȼ˼޷Ǳȥްɡ
ˮϣ¶ȥ;ûܱߵһУ֮ǰκ谭ͽȻ
⡣
ȶסֿǰĲ״һ̾ϵϹһĨȱ֮ɫ˫ֺʮһɺȻҪ
ʱһɫǹâ۶Ȼһײڷ֮ϡ
ˣֳɫǹУĳڷзŮ
ȶסɫһ䣬ȱ˲仯Ϊɱ
аɱˡ
䣬ȶסʢʱɽâۣһ˵ԻʣҪȻǰ
һ̤˷ɫǹһ㣬˼֮Ŀ
ȣ
һȣȶס̧ąeӡ֣Ȼһ³ǹ
ʯķǿҲ˷ֺǹתѸ˺
ͬʱ˵ſ˷ڣУԳ֡
أȣ䣬ˡ
˵Զȶ򣬾޴ŷʥѹ¡
һˣο죬ȻԸ죬Ѹٱƽ
Ľֺ󣬷֪־ǿο£ۼ֮һᣬЯʯ֮Ȼǰ˼
죬ˣѸ֮䣬ӰȻص
һ̣˲Ȼһײˡ
ۣ
һɫӰɳѪ䣬Ȼˡ
֮ǿޱȣȶס಻ȫܣһ˺벽
һУʤѷֲ֣˼ǿ˾
죬Ѫʮ֮ŵȴЦ
µĺˮѾû˼䣬ŷ֣ԭȶס˵ĸߴԶͨҪࡣ
ˮ֮Уҵĺ£ϺûϢ
ۼĿѳɣϣȥս
̶̵Ľ䣬ֱˮ࣬нղķӣϺУһࡣ
λͰƷϵķǿԴΪŵӿٳһ·Żŵˡ
ȶסָգ⣬Ѹٽˮɢ
ĵӣɫѾһƬҰףµ˵ŷ֣ԭһӵķ֮ǰȻСͬһ㡣
֮ڶȶסֺǿߵĻ£ǧǱ˻˹ǣǧˣԶ֮¡
ǧǰѳɵΣԾĸеಣҲɱˣǵһ˿ɱˡ
ˮһֱǴĳԽ⣬û뵽һȴһæ
Ȼ󲿷ֵӶʱڱȻ޷ٳǰˮһʱȥġ
صӪʺ̱ĿϢ֪Ǳ߿϶ܿͻᴫϢȥæ
һεĽ֣ᵽ˼ǿڵʵûκοء
ȶסȻ죬̫ǿӲĻһж¡
ⳡսŸոտʼζԸ˼ķ𣬽Ϊǰ⡣


116 ɽϵķ
ֽɽϵʥɽգӭܻӭһˡ
Ӫֱӷֽɽɽ·ֻһûİͲܹ֪ˡ
ֽɽʱֻҪϺкЩǿ߲ͲǸ˿־ķء
ɽҲһǿ߶û£ҪȥҲô򵥡
ԭӪ
Ƭ̣ýԭһ·ֽɽȻ׼Ҳһʱ
ЩҪǰڴˣĻЩ߰ģֱӴȥС
䣬ܵģûܵġ
ɽϻʣǿߣҲֻ֪֪Ϻдȥ
ϵǿߣڹУɵЩùˡ
Ȼƽﲻʵǿһڵĵ̣Ϊǡ
ҹɫ٣ֽɽϣڣԡ
ׯΰķɽҹɫ£һɳ֮⣬ʷңɲ飬˶ȶסֵһ۷壬һλ־֮£˸
Сǰؿɽϣ̸羰ĻֽɽȷʵһƬء
˿ã˭û˵顣
Դӱɶ𣬲֪䣬սѾ˼£˴룬콫٣ǲ֪ⳡսҪ϶á
һѾôǱŵȺͺ¿ֲκϽĵҵһͿ
ǰķɽԽԽһȺУԣƣȻܵȥ̣Դˮˡ
ʲôأһᣬЩؿʵ
ôȥȻɽըˡܳʵ˵
Ǹ˶֪ǲܵġ
ֽɽˣұضǼӲʯͷֽлҩĶҲɲ̫ó
£ͷǩʲôЭ𣿡룬ʵ
ڱʱǸСжȻֻɺϣͬһ㲻ŷһȥʲôá
ûСҡҡͷɺͶȶһֱˮˮûκζԹҲûκ
Σٶʣ˼ֻзºͶȶסٶҲá
ѾȥǱҲ֪ô£ǵЩа˵ҪöԸĶ࣬룬в
Ȼûжȶסֵǰ¡
ǿʹıƱҲΪ˵ĵԭ
ڣûзȻĲôˡ
£벻ȥһ۸߸ϵķɽ۾ʵ
𣿡ЩΪѡ
û£ֻȥĻʲôΣա
شЩù˲׳ֻҪһǧ·С¾ǰȫġ
°Ͱ͵ص˵ͷȷʵȥ
˶ֽ֪ɽȥߣ֮٣˵ǿ϶ƭ˵ġ
߰ɡ
䣬С£ΪһĨ⳯ɽȥ
ֽɽܸߣǧɣֱУǰûʲô
ȶλڶµˣʮ־޴󣬲֪ķ˶ٷͽĺˮѪˮŽɡ
һֱΪϵαǳѪѪ˲ʳǧǧͽͶɹʲô鶼ȷͽĹ
ǵķ𣬾޵
Сһ·˵Ķȶǰ;ûͣҲûܵκ
ȻⲢû˷ǡ
룬Լ͸оɲھƷǿϢɨȫޣԸע⵽
ֲͷ¶β󱲣ԸᣬֻҪǲҲװû֡
¸գӨĹ⻪е·󣬶ȶѽǰ
ˣ
쳹ֽɽھʾĲ֮͡
ɽȶǰɽϣһ߰ɣ治ŭɫĹâ䣬˸ܵһԵѹ
񲻷ɮķӳ֣ⲻѳɷ񼣡
С£ڷǰפ㣬ϸе񼣣
ɾ޷ɫĹâƣͬķ˼䡣
ŹƻͽҪЩֶΣɾ޷𣬾Ƿ񼣡
ǰִ񣬱еһɺ嫵ķǿ˿һλǿߡ
վǿҲá
֪徻֮֮أٻءʱȶһǿϢԾ
ƽȣΪξͲЦһӦ
Եˣɱ̫أ޻ڸ֮⣬Ųӭ㡣ǰٶȿڵ
ﬣ
īʣ֮ϣڷǲǾسɷѷǵķȴڹɱˣ˭Ƿ˭ħ
ǿʶ
ȶеǿ߶ŭһǿѹ£Ҫѹ·֮ˡ
˿壬֮䣬ãͬһӭϣϰò
Ȼһǰ𶯣һʯѿݺ֮⡣
һ֮𺳣ǿ·ǿ˿ˡ
µӰɽѲǵǸꡣ
һλƷڣҪɱΡ
£˺Ұ޽š
С˺ʮī˪ۣѩ䣬һն¡
һ𶯣޷֮ϣѺ۲ӣȻѡ
ȶеǿߴŭӰһǰŭĿһ䡣

ײ֮ƣʯ֮ǿ֮Բ
ǽղ塣вˬŹ˶
£´򲻹´ŵĽղ壬ˣʵû
ûҵʲôԸֹЧ취ӲӲĻʵ̫
ˣ£ߡ
īһӣǰߣǣС£׼뿪
߾ߣѶȶµ˺εأŭУŽսһ̤ڣҫ졣
ʥ⡣
ԣҫŴĿĽɫ⻪շħ֮У䡣
飬ϳ·ߵ
롣
̶ͣһ˲Žǰī˪նĿ
ȻʯУ˫Ŀʹ壬Ѫڣ֮Ȼѡ
ƣɫ𣬺֮ƣӡڷߵ֮
ŽصһɳʮһĨѪȻ䣬Ͻɫâ
Ŀ򡣡
˦˦ƣкǲˬһλƷڵķǿߣϺкλǴ򶼴򲻶
úˣ
䣬ٶС»ΪһĨѸɽȥ
ȥһˣѹƣŻʺ졣
µķǰʯɢأһȻȱʧȱķĿʼմŴȱɽ£·ڿˡ·Ĳ


117 ·
СɽһţǱġ
н췢ϸ˽κϸڶû¡
ϧ
źһ̾Ϊǣסȶס֣ôҲҪ˽룬û뵽ǧһ㡣
λ̫ǿˣԶѾ֮ȻֻܽһС
зλλڣ󽵵˷ӵ죬ꡣ
ڱϾ꼾콭ȻˮԴ㣬Ҳ̫ãˮλһˣӿ϶ٶȱϡ
ʵʱǹõʱȶסλޣ״̬ĵҲأϧǣûܿ־ǿߣ״̬־
ʵΣ»ѳҲֻؿŻߡ
ӳٷϵĲҲʣµ飬ҪһǧŬֻҪںˮȥǰٵԶڱǵķǿߣ콭ǧѹ
ڣֻϣƲҪ̫أ򣬽ƾɽµһǧǲסȶסֵġ
һɽ֮УҲֽ֪ɽϻʣ¶սľλصľƷһλŽա
Ȼȶеǿ߿϶ֹЩҪܵ̽
ңһ飬žһֱ⣬ɽϵľ޴̫ķҹ¶񼣣ܽЩգҲһѡ
ѾͣڰƷ۷һӣһֱδͻƣԽŵͳأӦһ̤Ʒ֮
ʱκһʵӶʮֹؼƷ֮һ磬սͬһ㡣
Ȼⲻ飬Ųڷǰأһ棬ϵ̫ӴһŪãͻᱻ
ȣһֻţ쿳һֻ֣һ죬ϵùա
Ƿŵķ𣬲ķ𣬻ٵٳҲۡ
ܻٵ񼣣̤Ʒ֮ԣٺʲ顣
ڶ죬ɽһֱ֣޴죬ֽɽ
ȶеķŽŭҪ֣ѾʩȻɽȥ
ҹ֮ʱǱߣһϸˮλı仯
ţѯƣ⣬ʱעǵĶ
ⳡսѱǶȶס֣˿⣬ͻ˶֮ء
죬ֽɽϣٶһ̣һսȶУλչѾõķŽղ˵Σǿгأ֮ͬǰһλǿߣŴɽƵ·սһ
һ˶λŽգստ
֮ʲô¶ûϢֱҹ
һսͻȻЩֲٶȱλŽʤһǿδܡ
Ѿһ֣ʣµķȻӴˣա
ϺүУЩѧᣬڵɫҲ׳ࡣ
պ󣬳һŵһ˵£ϻ
ټּ죬Ԯڼᣬܿͻ
ԴˣֱӺԣ¿ȥ
ŵĺдǻʳֿϣӻȷ˳λ֮ʣµľӺʮӵĽ
乫ѡ֧ӣϧʮӣ̫ʶϲʮӣڵӳΪһĻʵĿԽϴ
Ȼ˭֪⣬ͬҪӰ죬һƱͶ˭;˴δ
Ӻʮ˽ⲻֻ࣬˵λ츳ߵһλ׸澲乫ϰ䣬ʵʵǷ
Ƚ˵ʮֻ˵һ㣬ĲһЩ
λӸǧһһ䣬ԷѰ֮
ûп﾿ѡλӣԼûȷ
Ļ֮λϵ̫ش˭׾
ƣȷʵЩѣӺʮӵѷᣬһˣͱ뽫һ˳״䷲һ䣬ĵ⡣
˵꣬ŵ󣬳ﲢû˵ʲôͰοĻֻдĸ֣Ż
һЦɡ
ܻܲţͿλ˼ķǲĺ޿ƥУɽµһǧ˭˵Լܻ
ɽһƽһǧɽĵ·ǰѲߵѲߣƽͣ޻ҡ
ҹٶɽǰĽվȻֶһˣڶǿгأɣ΢߻ħ֮
һΣۣѹûпó乭ֱ˷Դ˷Ӧ˵תܡ
λŽպ޵ҧгݣκΣȷʵûǰ죬ǲܽסһ취ҲûС
ɽϵĴѾˣӾʣ֫һֻƣԴ顣
һҹɽԿԸоɽϵķ࣬һڲϵļš
ƣѳǿ߼ӳֵķʼѡ
ͬʱҲųֵĲȱѸɢ֮䡣
죬ûɽϵķѿʼԼֻžС
ûȷʵᣬﻹԼһ˼ţ浥Ʒϵǿ߾ͳ߸ʵûϵ
Щ벻ͨʲôʱ򣬾Ʒǿ߸ײһ㲻ֵǮˡ
ϹǵλѾʮλƷô붼һ顣
ΪҲͻʣλλƷһðλһ֪᲻ð
ߣֻһλƷڵĽ죬һӦò⣬ƾ͹ǺŵĽղȷʵѲӲƴĻ򲻶˵ʮ
ͬʱ飬Ļԣκ˿¶൱Բ
ղԽԽޣӦЧҲԽǿͬɽϵļλŽգϣһ˶ûС
죬Ǳٶţ֪ˮλѾȥϸߵĵطѾʼ½½¶ء
Ľ£֪ˡ
֪ʿ׼һ£ɽӺ߳ӪʣɽϷ£ƽڵ
ǡ칧
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´ǧʿȫʼܵؽ״̬۷壬Էʥأ˭֪ᷢʲôһ׼˵ͻΪĹؼ
ҹɫŨӨ׵Ĺ⻪һ̣ѹɽϵķ⡣
߰ɡ
ǣС£ɽȥ

ͬһɽ
Ʈ𣬽ŲȻңԶƬǧΪȡؼһʱ䣬Ȼ޻ڵ̤˲֮·


118 
̤ɽ·һ̣еǿ߽иӦһɹǿϢѸѣҪ·߳ɽϡ
ҹ֮УЩϢͬһյյƣԶʮ֮ⶼܸӦ
ȻƣǸһӡ
ԣԥó乭乭£һֲļâʣȻҹеĹš
һ̣ҵĴ𣬸ոѵλǿ߻δüӦӭ⵽˼âشϢѸήҡ
ɶ񡣡
һУһӰ֣Ⱦ죬Ǳ
һٽʿһ۽죬ڵ
ǣһӣһٽʿѸΧϣ˵ķǿС
ս̱һٽʿڰƷ£һ˵ľƷϻûУ̽սһ
ʣľŰٽɽԥû֪һٽʿܹм˻ǱǰС
ʱ䲻ˣһɽЩƽռùǿ߶أһҲ鲻á
ңɽϻλŽգ⡣
ûаԼʤ֮ǰҪõ״̬
ɽϵ·ϣеǿһ߳µĽʿҲԽԽ࣬ȵһ˿Ҫɽ϶ȶʱĽѲ١
ɽϵĴѽǰȵһǰʱһλƷǿ֣߳ϢǿѾ˾ڣһν˵·ǿߣĿɽ
ʣµİٶɽΰ׳۵ľǰЩƣ˸յɽۣȶ´ѻ򿪣ʮλȥǿ߳ŵıλŽա
޺
ͻȻֵʮλǿߣĽ£֪һѴˡ
ǰĽǿߣÿһλΪڰƷƷ۷֮䣬ƾŽղ壬ƶƷһս֮£ƷҲֻ̰ܡ
ߣ޾ƷǿߣƷǿҲֻʣλ̫󣬸ȡʤ
鷳ǣҪӦŵλգϾˡ
ȥǻᾡܵסʮλ޺ʱһλƷǿǰᶨ
ֻ˵һ仰С³ǰȥ
λŽ·˫ͣսһ
λƷĽǿͬʣİʿͬʮλ޺ΧУΪǵĺȡʱ䡣
һ
֪սӣīһǼ֣ʱκϯһ
Ȼ֮λŽֵУȴȻѳо˺벽
˺ɲǣһѩ˪ǧһ˲һŽǰ
ﬣʯ죬ƵУһ
˶
ʽתһƺǰߵ
صһռ죬ʮ
գ۵ĹѾɣ֮ѸתϻָźԪȴҲϼе
ۼƴ̬֮λŽղԸʾ˫ֺʮʱʢ֮У֣¶ȱ˷ơ
ߣ
һ̤ɫ⻪ڣ嫲𣬻ΪһˣȻ
ƳأƥȻײֲನɢ٣ݡ
ǿ飬Ҳѳķ֮Ⱦ죬ܴ
һߣİսֹۣͬʮ˽޺ƾ֣ˣһսĴĽҲ
ٵˡ
һᣬ˲ΣղΣգСһͬ˾޷ʯϡ
״λŽսһ壬Ѹٸȥ
īוּز֮У乭֣ĵµļâȻ
ǿ֮ȾһĨѪļ֮ƤѿѪȻѳܼޡ
ֽʵֻ˵ǼΪǿ
һսѾ˰˼Ȼǰ˼޷ܣʼֲ֧֮״
ɫХۣתۼڿеλŽռʱȻֻܴæƾֵ
ء
˽Ա֮ײɳȥˤϣҳһӡ
ѵãתۼţҵ飬һƽīڣ֮֮ɫͬʱתīնȱڣž޷֮ϵķ
ֲ嫵Ĳ˲䱬иӦȻ䣬Ʊ£Ϊ˷֮ոе

һ̣һʹĳȣڷʢױȵķͳӿ֮У˲ѾõľƷؿ
䣡
ں֮ͳֵ׽٣һȴȻ٣ֵľ£ϵ·ߡ
׽ٽиУ͵سзɳ׽֮УȻ䣬ʼ֮Ѹ޸
Ȼ֮Ͼóؽٷ׽ֻһѸɢȥ¹ƽ
ֻ޸˲֮һ׽ʧٶû֮С
ʱλŽҲӴӰһվһߣӡ˵١
أȣ䣬ˡ
ַ֣ѧʱ֣ŷʥѹ¡
Է֮֮ϵʹ࣬ǿһξϷӿ֮ˣؼ䷭ڣͬӱΪһ޴ٺȻ׹¡
һ̣һǿ֮жϷѧ˫ֽɽ٣ľʯȻ䣬ǧٿ׵ķڲܣѸٱ
ֲನУλŽȾѪɳϣŻ죬һʱ䣬
С£Ͻ𲻶Ϣǰδеǿ
ﵽƷ֮Ҳ޾κ֮µǿߣɱһߵʮ˽޺С
֮УƷ֮ȫ˺󣬿ǵĺսⳡս
Ʒڣ԰Ʒ֮ʵһ浹޺ǳˣսǿȻǳˣгһľѧӲƾ˫ĸǿƵ޺Ĳ
Ƿ֮գʮλ޺һ⣬ȫ䣬λŽ౻ϵ˹壬Զ޷
ɽµսҲѾβŵ½½ȥԶ硣
գһǧʣ٣ˣƷǿ߸ֻһˣһս˫ʧǼΪء
£ץʱˡ
ǰĶȶѽǰϢС³ȥ
ٽڵϣԭˣ֪ⳡսѾȻʤȴǽǸӼѵһս
ŴܣϢȻܿᴫǵĶȶסУһλ˼ķع飬ǽ뱻֮С
ǵĺȻǿǿ־ǿߣȻ˿ȡʤϣ
ֻϣܿЩүһѡ


119 
ɽ٣ǧ겻Ĺ⻪Ŵıɢؼ䣬Ƿڰһ죬ǧǧķͽʥɽ򣬹ʹޡ
ħУƬĪҲҪֲĺҹ
ǵķΪλδ
αķͽʧģ˿һҹֻš
ɽϣʯԣٽصϢմѪһյļ㣬ǰ;ϦȻһǵĺԶλʺ
͵ԱߵƫϣѾ첻߲ݣ֮£һ˫Ѫ˿ȴȻִŵؼš
ϵѾһһԴϷսÿնһ⡣
ĽƬսܲھΣôܲģʯĳֻǣϷǧǧƽգ˵Сֻεˡ
¹ȥĺܺãЩͺ¿ûǰ벽Ҳ˵õһ˿ݵĴϢ
Щӣǰıɴͣ˲ԴӷӲҰ֮󣬷±˷â̸лڽУƺҲûκλ֮
ȥһжŴķߡ
Ҫ飬ѡ»ʣôĵľƾȶ
ʱһŴ͵ͳٷ
ֽɽȶ£أҲʥĵط·̤룬ҪٷŸ
ǣС߽УۣׯϣҫĿ
ʵţ޴ķֽɽɵģҲǲ顣
֮УǿȻȥǲ
ǰʮֲ鿴˰죬Ҳûзκ֮üͷ壬һӽȫ
ʯͷʲôã²ʵ
֪أ˵ҡҡͷش
˵Źһ߲ͬ󣬽𣬼ʹܽһע֮С
ֻǴ˵֪Ǽ١
ЩУǰѾӲĿɵʯͷͬӲޱȣʲô;
ڴ˰죬ҲûٷʲôܴߵĶС˷ǰһСľ鳣һľ鳶ˣɴľҲ
ǰ꣬ȥ˺ǷǵϢĵط򵥷˷ҵһЩҩҲ˳
ȥĵطǶȶסֵסȻδ̤룬㱻һǿ裬ܿ벽
ȥô죿Сǰ谭˵
Ҳָһ£ЩƣƵǿȣҲϲƿ
ȻѾƷڣ컹һξ룬һʱƿơ
£˺ԡ
кСˣȻγī׼ҡ
¹ԹԵʮףˣԿʼˡ
׼һ£һȥ
һ̣źһ죬ʢ𶯣ֽɽϵĽʿͻһһȶºߣǵĺڸʲô
ƻ˻ΣȻѸƽûС
˦˦ֱۣôңЩð졣
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ܴ𣿡Сºһ䣬ʵ
û⣬ٵһᡣ
ԼӼӾС»һԿأܶˡ
һƽ򲻹µһ򲻿
Ƭֽ̺ɽϣؾһһƲصĽʿһЩ棬Ծؿһۻ˵Ľ졣
ȥȥɡ첢ûۣƽڵ
˵õͬ⣬վķȥ
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ΧĽʿк棬ΧСԱһȣǶԵСʵ۲İҲûʲôУϾսôҲֲһСϣͥһСҲڴˡ
Ϻеסǰڼ˿ˣСһһԣһ߳ŵĸһĵصš
ҪðһᣬЩˣǱ޴쳳˯ţǲͷغһɤӣߴٵ
ˣ
Ťͷصŵһ˺󣬲һЩһôˡ
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ǰүҪæĻǧҪ˴ͷĽʿҲ׷
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ʱѾҪˣһλʿ˹ʹˡ
һ۹âѾʮĽƣӹţתߵС£ϸ
λʿҲ֪ʹλʺʲôϢ
ȱҪʮҲܵǼסһŵǰ벿̧֣ͷ֪˵
ǰдģ͵ﻨһʱ䣬ӣȷʵҪʮҡ
ڽʿûʲôϲɫҲûκξɥʮ죬˵Щͦȥǡ
ŵ°벿֣ص˵˻ʳǺͱǱߵ
ʳǵȻû̫仯λӵĽȣִѲһΣʼûܴͳһ
ЩǱɴĹƽ̸ȻڽУһҲⶫ䣬˽ⷲµˣǳǾԲ˱ġ
񽥽͵ƣһ󣬷ƺǱĬظĵ˴һ̬ȡ
֮䣬̸еĿܵģ
Զڷȷ¾ʲôԴ˵һ
ˣȥȡī뵽ڵ
ǡһԵĽʿһתȥ
вȱķ֮һĹ򣬱ī㱻ȡ˹
ӹī̽ԼĽдһǿҪСĴʳǵ飬ԷǱ߸ҪӵģǧҪκκƽļ
ŵЩ򵥽һ飬óĪҪģ߻ܳס
ϽͻػʹۺţݸԵĽʿɫ
ʿ첽ȥ
ôһڣҲû˿ֵ飬ͬԸӣߵǰ۷壬ѩīѸ˪
ȻµĽ⣬նڽ֮ϣѻް֮Ľɫâѳǿһѿ


120 
ƱƣС۾һʧ˹ȥ
ΧĽʿҲ˺ģҲ뿴˼סʲôڲͬ
Χ£ƿǰľţ𣬷ַڵİҪмࡣ
һŴһΣûʲôˡ
ǰʿȤ̱˴룬ӣЩСеء
ҿ˿ϸѰ˿Щ鳣ɵΪͺ¿ķȥô򵥡
һʲôûеӣ׳ղŻ½ơ
˴ŰҿôҲҪеջ
ʲôһ鳿ʵ
ػ߰šһŴһӦ
һѾûˣҲָϣԼֱȽϿס
ûУƿ֮һ࣬ûʲôǽҲܴʵûֳƵĻ
ԶСҲԼСľǴ򣬰æѰңĳЩֻ֪۵С۵ؿš
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֮У˼һסǹâһֻϢ͸·ߵӰѪȾ¡
β磬ҹɫɢ䣬Ѫȵһսһ̣Ҫ˾㡣
Ľʿͣ˲סĿ⣬¶֮ɫ
еķ𣬷ѱը٣λȻΣ˼ķվš
һɽվûܷ
˶ΪһսѾʱһЩǳɫϸɰϢг֣һ˲˼̴֮λ


124 
ͻı仯еˣȶסԼûϵεɳŴĴȫһ˲͸
һӦǹһת˳ƴ˼̴Уһģǹ͸壬ڡ

ܴȶסһƺߣһˣȾ졣
ƶҪȻȴһ˫ȾѪ͵ס˪ᣬѸٱ⡣
˲ͣڸһᣬһתһץеѪƽȫ߶һ˼̴Ѩ˵壬וּһɽ֮ϡ
Թ壬ʱǿҵĺ⣬ȶסٶһѪŻڷת۱Թ䣬һʱҲԶ
һ̣֧Ųס̱

һѽסע룬ȫסǰϢ
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Ĳ̣֮ƴĶȻǿܿҪȴȻ˼Ϊֲơ
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ûУʱûɱİ취һΪһ߻ش
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ûաһҵؿԣǿסϮ϶¼ˡҹӻ𣬻ϷͽԹѪĪҪлָ֮
ղǿҲгܵļޣֻҪԹһ졣
Զ֮ټĽʿȥɽѰ˼α
黹δˣǿľ񣬲ԸԹȥ»ɽϵţɽ
ʲôû˵ΪһĨ⼱ٳɽȥ
ȶסֵķ䣬СڴϣѱɽµĶѣĽܳȥ
صһŴ򿪣룬ߵǰ
ҵӣСϵˮһӾŵôˣң
㣬ȥһ¡Ϊƣ
ɫ΢΢һԥջ˳ȥ
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΢΢һ䣬¶һĨο֮䣬˫ػϡ
ģҲµġ
һ仰΢ţ˫֣һ
صһ֮Ŷ룬ˣһɫâٳŴĸȥ
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ɴ˧ʣվУĿ˼һԣǾһԲ
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˫΢΢һĨ֮ɫƺȡʤĿܸˡ
ȶס˼𣬵Ͼֻ˼ķֻҪˣʧܵĿܣܴ⡣
ȶסʤˣԱ˵Ȼһ£ǰˣҲҪ֤һʧ
Ψһȷϵǣ˼𣬲ʤǰܣõĽ
Ƭ̺ĺѩˣһʤѩϲһ˿˼С
˽̸˼仰ʱһĨɫ⻪ƿնȥת۱ʧ
Уȼһ˿˿Ѫǻ䣬Դϴ˺͸еԼԽЩġ
ʱ䲻ˣҪƶĵĽ̡
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콭ǱߵսѾ˵ȶסѾǰ˷Ϊ֮¡
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ǰŴϷеԽŨ૵һҪס
֮УֽϣдľϿҽԣΪģûϸȥ롣
¼䣬˽֮ˣ֮Ҳ˽֮ⷲˣһǿĪҪźκε̸֮⡣

콭ԣС¶ͣһ죬֮У鵤ҩ䲻ȻʹѾϲã뾡Ρ
ѰѹڲϴڶķֻǣΪ޷ƳΨлصʳǺæ
ڣҪľǰȶסƣǰһƣ͸̴УΧอٲΣͳŲع֮ʱ
֮Уûת쵤ּĵҩ黺ȡᣬĵ֮סƣֻҪŵǻصʹߵܱס
Ӫ֮УִֵڴߣһҲ뿪˭Ȱûá
ûа취ֻСš
Ѳֻʣ˵ֻҪһ죬˭ΪСӣĻķ񣬶аɱ£ӲǽС»
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ԶԣÿʱͻΪһܵѹƺڵķֻǣȶס־ǿߣŸոչٵһ٣̫࣬ÿһ͸оЩԽԿơ
ڶ峿˵ļƿȥҲʱᱬ˵˾Ҫ뿪
ȻʱԶһʤѩٻӰ֣˲Ϣ֮󣬵ǰ
ĺѩɫ΢䣬Ȼ
μʱ˳ѣĺѩ˻ԣжݵһ֮Եû뵽ջٴ
ԣûκεĽ̸ĺѩӰ˲Ӱ˲Ϣ

ѩɫĽһĨѪ˳ԶȴûбܿӰĹ⻪Ⱦ죬ת߳һѪ
壬һģɫ˲һס
һսڵԪأˣܿĺѩеĽ
СߣϺ󡣡
Σ̣֮ϷһΰߴӰ֣֮䣬һֱ


125 
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лǰȭһ񣬽˻ᣬѸȥ
ĺѩһ䣬ᶯ˲ʧԭء
䣡
ͬʱҲˣһȭ䣬Ȼһռҳضһɳľ֡
ĺѩನ裬۷˳ռ𶯵ķΧ󣬲üͷһ塣
ˣÿµ
ĺѩǰΪȡ뿪ʱ䣬ȻϲСӣðһΡ
һȴѾü졣
Ǵɵս룬ңҲ򲻹Ǹͺ¿
ֻǣܲ˰ĸܣĸ磬ͰΪʮ꣬Ҹ
ȥֽɽΪȥˣû뵽һ˼ķȻˣ˻ضɽ֮ϡ
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СǶĻˮ̫ࡣ
⣬ǱŮôͿôһյļһ
УЩŮôһһƯɱĻ
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ĺѩҪ׷ȥϧÿһζǿֲɵĴΧռನ
ԶѾʧôҪѰ׷һλ죬ǲܵġ
ĺѩӰһ˳ս֣Ըս
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һպ󣬶ȶסսܵϢڴӶʱң֪롣
ʱŵλǧǿ֣߳ǿ󷨹˹ǣһ֮佫вдǧӾ²
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һǰƺĩյĴģͻȻƼתսƺܿҪ
ĵҪ⣬һӴ⻼תΪǣʳ֮УλӵĶѼҵԵͣʱᷢ䡣
ͳھһյĵֻǣλӶѳ򣬺ٴѹȥ
ʳҪĽʮһӪУƿ磬꣬ϵӪʮƿȸ׻ӪʣӪУӺͳӪӪڹ״̬
˵Ļʼݱ󣬻ʳǾ󲿷ֱͶλУʮĽʿ򲻳ʱ̴
ߵǧȫǳӪĽʿǽʮӪеľ
ϧǧʿܻŻʣ޼ӪʧصһΣǧ꣬ǵһαƵĲòӪеĽ
⻼ڴĽʿԡѪսʱԻ⣬ȻһֱĵȴҲȫ͹Գ
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126 
ɴӪ˧֮ǰ¿ԶĴĻʳǷɫѾԽ谵˵ŴĵľƲûתãĶӡ
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˵һûڽȥĵľƣδӵʱȥ
δص˴Ļʹĵ顣
ܶʱһ˵ĴڶڴֵӰ죬һܹ
˭뵽֮սһǶȶסֲ֣ɵУҲ֪飬ȴͬǿߣ޵е
ȻǿȴǰˣܵǱܵ
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δ빬УڻУ߾Ƶı仯һ֪
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133 
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134 ࡢ
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һ콣գལ֮ǰصһನѸٵڷԲ


135 үĽ
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140 
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죬мŮӰݣ欶˵˰ΪҫĿӰ
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ûǮ
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ѵڰᣬһˤᰲϲüͷѾͷԽԽˣȻ͵ǽ
ǰطһĨÿĻȣձµ˿ס˿


142 Ů
ҹɫˮվڸеԺܾãͬʯһ㣬һ
ԣһձĽûκر֮
ڵȣõʱ
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ǿ֮УӶΪɫ磬󣬿Хۡ
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ûˣݰݡ
Щƣ˻֣ȥ


143 ط̵
黹֮ϴԵ˵ķʽѾУϾðΣյõĶôȥʵЩġ
ǰѾڣҲˡ
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ҪǼɣӮˣٰѵ֮ҡؽ
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ûв´ŮӦǺĺᡣ

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˴󵨵ʣһĨ죬СŮˡ
ʲôûƽʵ
һ֮ϧӦ
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֪Ҫܼ򵥣ʵȴѣ̻֮سŮӣ壬ʲô
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һĮĻȣˣȲ𡣡
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ϧģվȣһƬңʧȥɫ


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ͨյĴɱλĵʮ˸ʶʣʮһֱڲ׾ܿ޹ɱ˲࣬ʮˣȷʵЩϡ
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ڴʱϴһʹϧ˫ۣһƬãȻһ̣һƽ
Ҫ֮ˡ


145 С
죬ϧںˣ޹һȻܿŮӵӱϾһЩһʧôѪ͸ҪСĵ
ΪˣְѶɰҩƹ˹
ƹǳһĵϵԿŵùңƹĹϵ൱ԼôΪġ
СүεҩǮʮһǷ߰ʮһһǧʮ׼ʲôʱ򻹡ƹ̲׷ծ
ȿȡ㱻ԼĲˮǺţôǷôࡣ
ƹȲ衣æһ裬˹ȥ
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ȿȣǮ˸飬ȥ׼ԡ˵꣬Ⱦܣһ̾ûӰӡ
ϣϧĿɿڴǵһο֪˵һ棬֮ǰ̫ˡ
ƹһʰҩ䣬һߵĪҪߵĴԣҲҪĶԻǵĺүһֵˣȻǰҪõϿɡ
䣬ƹҩ䣬ת㳯ȥ˵ˣҼǵأϽôӶòҲӶˡ
˵꣬ƹ뿪ϧһڷЩز
ʱһλսεŮŰõҩСĵطϧҩ
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֮ڵʮһţӦջϻλ
˭ֻһ̬ȣ̬Ǻʼ㡣
к˶ãЩŵݾͻᴫʳǣʮӵĴǾԲŹ׳ԼƵĻᡣ
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һ
һ˼µļ䲻࣬ˡ


147 կ
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ȻһȾ죬âֱӴԶѪա

ļ

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Ʒ֮λƷһ֣ͬͬ
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ľ֮ڣٸɫܳأǵڶ֪˵˭ҲûӵʳǱκεϢ
ʱľ֮⣬һذӰһһȣ٣ȴһǿѹϮ
֪ٸʧ
Ŷϵңô˵ҲµĹȻûǰˣ
ֵ֪˺ܶ࣬ʶ࣬ܶʱ򶼲ٻʳǣڻʹǶʱҲδ빬УʵǳЩȨѡ
ٸŮȻǰƾһ֮ĶһϳʵڲףⶫվǺƬ
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ȻĽǳ뽣ָһߣǿͬսڣַƣΡ
ƶƣԽʽĶǸıƴ
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䣡ڸľ֮дսʣµԽսԽǰ֮ˣ˵Ĳɺ
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148 һ絣ָ
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Уɽ࣬ȾһѪãȴʼմ֮ϡ
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ǰɫĮ˵飬˵Į
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һԽ͡һ񣬵
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149 ϻ
պկ֮´ʳǣ˵ȥȫˣɽʬ壬һյܣʬ徭紵ѱĸף֮
կһֱʳΧһûеȥΧˣľӶ֪˶ٴΣϧʧܶ顣
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151 ۷֮ս
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ˣмɱУп죬գ֮սһ˫˫עĿۻҡ
δνطȸȻУȻ˫ָȻʯɣضɽҡ
ǧѩ޼᲻ݣīԽӳһƬʧɫ
˫ǿȻָ֮ɽҡضվѵռܼޡ
ͬھƷǣƷߣһҲеǿѹǰˣƾߡ
Զط̿ⳡ֮սھ֪̾ǿ֪ûۿ˭޷ᡣ
С㣬һǺ֪Ϊˣܵס𣿡¶ɫʵ
ѡط̳ʵ
֪֮¼˿ɵٵҪ֮ܲƾ֮ԵλǿĴ
µǣ֪δνζŴսδ۷壬˶
һߣ۾΢Уͬעһսһλ޵еֵϧһдȥ£
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ʳ֮У߳ԽԽ࣬ɼսôע⣬ⳡλ֮У֪Ĵʼһ˭֪λǿ߾ߵһ
ա
ս֮УѩգһУһĽۡ
ٲָ˪ȫһζ
Ȼһ˫زңɳңʮɸߡ
ͬ˰벽δͣʧһ̣ǸΪпĽ档
ս֮⣬¶⣬ʵС㣬֪Ϊγٳٲν
طüӦǲʱ򣬶ǴȽܽ۷壬νҲã˵ʵδﶥ㣬Ҳˡ
ʱս֮Уī׽һǿһճɣɽˮ֣ɽˮī֮䣬羰˲䡣
˾֮ڣʤ㡣
ǧѩһתƸʤǰͶ֮䣬һǿѹѹ£ص˴
ֱռ֮ͣǰ֣ī׽ϮתҼȾ졣
ȽȻ켫ˡԶҹУϧҡȣ
Աߣī˵ͷͬھƷ۷壬ܵǰһĨֵϢֻҪ⣬ǧ佫̤֮ܿ
ˣպ֮ϵǿ֣ҪСġϧѵ
ףʦġī΢䣬ش
ս֮Уתֱ£ɽˮ֮УǧԽսԽǿһǿһУһһɵС
ϵԽԽ࣬ѪȾ£֮
˵ûʽκԥأָīףƽ˫Уŷֹһأ˲ܡ
֮ˣüͷԽԽ˭ó֪ѿʼ·磬һķѩҲβסѪȾ
ڣѩ磬һ壬ˣ¶
ˣһҲ˻ڽУδĴطȸ
˶Ϊ֪ذܵʱΨ˫۽һѲϲĴطȸţѽ֮ǰܡ
˾غϡ
˫ָһУʱסѩƷתκ˷һ˸߹һˣ˲ضΪˮɫ
ɽˮīУˮɫˮۣɫǣγɫˡ
ɽˮ磬ֲ֮īɫɽƾʯ̮
ǧһ䣬㾪֮ɽƣӲʱʧɫһС
Ȼһؾɽˮī飬ɳУʮδվȣһѪŻ
ǧ״Ⱦ졣
һƵĶԾܣȴҲɹƿѩƻɽˮ硣
˻У˵ǶǴΨһİ취
ѧʹһսֵȫԸ
䣬ǧǰһʱƾ嫵֮ϻ㼯֮ԶÿһӰɫ
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ϣΨ쾳֮ܵĲ𣬾ڴˣ˲죬ǿҲܿ嫵֮
һ죬ͬԾţԾĹȥХ죬Ծȥǳ̲
ȽѾԽ˴ӣҲŵһˣ䷲
ǿУϵЦˣƽΨһĹƽ֮սǿ󵽿µĶ֣е˷ܡ
֮ˣ˭йƽһսҲ룬ܡ
գܰܣԣֻıȥÿһʤʤǱҪΡ
գϱʤĵж£ڿʹһս޹£ֻߵͣܲЦ
Զڰ֮δ빬УЦݣĪɬ˵Цˡ
һһ̾˾ͺá
ﬣ
طȸˣɫ䣬캮˪ǵضƵ۷壬춼ܳܣһ޴Ѻ۳֣ģкһЦǣ֪һЦ졣
ս⣬ƣΪ۷ʱ̣Ҳǿһ̣һǾʤܵһ
ǿ״̬ǧ䲻Ҵ⣬ѩ죬ѩ绪Ѫڣֱƶˡ
ղкӳ¡
ǿһ޾֮һʧɫѪ⳹ȥ绪
һߣҲų˫֮֮֮ӴߣɫУһ˫޽֣񾪡
һ
޽ն죬ռ飬һ£Խ˺Ľޣޱƽ߲ʵ֮
˫٣ѳоʼҡһ޴Ĺֳ֣ݺǧ֮⡣
ȻɳˣȾ죬Ѫȫ˫˫ش
һУȻǲʤľ棬ǧ֮ŻһѪѩأֹסƣҪὣս
Ȼһ̣ǧŲ΢٣һĨź
սʹ˽֮㡣
һδƷζ˻⣬ǰһī׹ؽԾ
ҹУī֮ɫͨ쳹أ˶⾪˵һĻ
졣
ʵǿֳأնȾī֮ɫ
عɫ΢䣬Ӱһ˲ǧǰ
ͬһʱ䣬ڰ֮ĳЯ֮ƣȻ
ǿ֮ĩǿ壬ƽͬУӲ֮
䣡
ನХȾ죬ǿ֮µôλƷ۷ȫһơ
ī׹Խã֮УǧĿʶȫһħ١
бڣգ˭Խ׳ذ벽
šصĽϲǧǰһ磬ٴοص


152 Ů˵ĵ
ϣǸ߸ϵģҲ˼ɵģ˵ǲôڵĹ
ߵǿҪмޣȻزѲܿ⣬ɱߣΨ졣
һ⣬ڳʱһ̣еħٻͬʱħ飬񲻵á
ǧʱ˵̤죬Ϊһսѹãʱ̣ҲѹƲס
һսʹ죬㻹ûзֳʤΣ֮Уǧδڡ
֮ˣܶ඼ϣ֣λ컹Լһ޵ֿʱɱһ죬ʵһǳջ顣
ֻǣû뵽֪ᵲ
ûлͷȻѾ֣ͲٺڣһҲ
ϵѪʣǧģҲģѪޣһϸСϪ
ֻǧǰһȾѪȥѽ;ƿݣȻֻҪӰվţڳ˶˿С
еˣ˶һΣֶһ
ƣһƲ۷̣֮߻һʵὫһϣϧϴûм衣
Զʮ֮·ӦӰ˲ˮ죬һһ
ʣµƣһХ۶޿ɱܣ޿ɵΨս
ŭ
콵٣ӵ£ƣȴѵ¼ӶĽ⡣
ڣ
壬һˣٲ˰벽
ǰѪʣǰأ˲ɺ֮ɫ
طȸšأΪվŵΨһ֧ţδ£ֻΪǷһ顣
һ̣£֮ˣɱ֮ˣûгȣ鷢չ
ܹ˵ʳǵЩǿǲϣֵıƽգɱд˻ᣬȻּɡ
ʮһʱʣ
ھƷǿ˵ʵڲʲôֻǣһ̣ȴΪľ롣
ƣһƿն´ŭŭɢڣڷ裬λĵĻӴδһ㣬ŭˮն䣬һΣøһһȴǼޣֻʣӡ֮
šصĽŲϵµӰӲ֮ĬȻȴû˺벽
Ѫ˳Ŵطȸ˵صףǰĽǧ֮䣬״մȾȴǽѪ
εȷ̣εȱ
ת֮һν֮䣬ֻʣ´ֿɼһ롣
һΣµƣ˵סλĻӵ·
һ˭赲²Уδ빬ǵӶɫٻӰҲС
Ȼһ̣һѩɫĽ˽֮ǰͬһ˫ӣ޵˹Ŀ
ɡǧָϵ˼£ƽ
˿̣ºҲϵס˵űĵҩ˽ȥ
Ӱӣǧʶɢһʧԭء
ȥɡٹЩ£ƣ

Ӧ£һһҷǰߣŻʳȥ
ǰߵˣǰÿ˿̣ٸ֡
֮ǰص˺½ྻ»ģûаѪ
֮У˭֪ǵĺʲô£ֻǸоһ𣬺үԵʱԽԽˡ
طͳ̫Ϣ֮ٴαסһ
ˡ
δ빬Ŵطȸ飬į
ôﲢûпϻеĽǿʵ
š
ţ˶ѣһλѼǲǵڼΡ
Цֿɱּ֣ܼΡ
űá
һ̾
ʣµգǴλĴʱ²˵λӵĿѾȻҡ
ʮԽ֪һŴ̫࣬ԣʱ˴С
ֻһ仰ʮӣΪΪ˭
ʮӳĬãգ˵һ֡
ûоȣѾµҪʮԳϲźá
ʮߺ󣬸һ죬ӱˣλϣĻλõĻӣûпϣԼߡ
˽̸һ죬Ľס
ӱʮӵĽͬһλС֮ˣķԣСԴ
оƽʵ
ˣֻյ󣬾ľش
³Ĭãһ仰û˵
ӣֻô࣬ʣµĻҪ̾¶ƣ
ҲУ»
ɱɡ
ܿܣȻǿܣ;նݳĵǶģοֻһλձȨĻӡ
ӺͱɽӴ飬Ƿ֪ʵ
֪Ǳλʦɱ֮ƣ档»ش
ǰЩӣҲЩã룬ɱ֮ƺпܼϷѵ
֤ݣüͷһ壬ʵ
ûСҡҡͷڲ飬ʵҲϣǼ٣ȷʵҪʮӸʵۡ
΢΢ף֮ʱѲ磬Ȼȥˣĸһ仰Ҫҽ㣬ܰĻˡ
һĬĬһ̾ɡ
ȥλϣ˫۽գһƣ֮дڴ˵ͷŷѲġ
Ժ֮Уϧڴϣλ޾ʳǵĻԴ֮󣬾ͱ࣬ÿն˯ȻѣȻٺԺתȦ˱ȥЪš
ԺƽճСܿ˶ܽϧ֪Լù⣬ҲԺ
ԺŽϧķ䣬ڴϵӰڵƣ֮󣬳ȥתת
ϧһЦһҲλүһ¶ߵķ˿ãͦá
ЦЦҲǿǰûԭʲôڿŮӣǰҲǱƳġ
úĻ˵Ǳ׼լŮ
ϲ££ǰļšɫƽ͵
áϧССŮء
ϧƺֻһ仰͵һ䣬ɱ֡
仰ҲϣҲϣκ𡣡ڣ
Ů˵ĵУǸ鷳Ķദ죬ȻѾʼŮݡ
ϧ֪ΪΣûʲôη壬չһЦصүģϧʲô֪
ӻûúϢɡ
˵꣬ٶת˳ȥ
ǰȥıӰϧȻ޹ڴϣ绪һƬԸҲ顣
ʵϲľǶӡ


153 
ĬҹһһںԺһ𣬺ᣬûд⣬ڿѹԼĿ
ƻ֮£һӰȻڰҹ̽Ӳ鱨ʳ̫ҪעҲ̫࣬ӣϧЩˣһһϼ޻ҪҵֱӵܣֻܸһЩ֧ڵϸ΢֮ȥѰͻƿڡ
ϣ޷죬Ѿôȥ֡
Ӧǳ򣬲ôã˽չѾȷϧ𹫰µ
Ӧǳǰһ죬ϧ𹫸ȥһӱˡ
ϧ𹫰կİУڻԶԣλĻŲΪ֪ı
үṫ˻ꡣ⣬һͳ
֪ˡӦ
⣬ӰʧϢͷ·δֹһ㡣
ĬȻ̫һֻȾϡ
Ѳ⣬жϣһԡ
ҹ֮ʱϧһΣүķƻǰš
Уüͷ΢壬ڵ
ϧŶ룬ؾݲκΣڵƻԵøĶˡ
ò˵λʳǵĻǺջˮĴʣ΢һЩ
ʱŮעֻ˵ĸӹϾ»ҪҫŮǧֹֻһλ
үϢɡϧһµоûһЩ˵
ЦЦûлش𣬼евջĺ£ɣδ֪
ϧүû˵ҲͲȰվһԣæī
ҹ飬ÿһ˵룬ϧǶˣ
ȿȡ
ҹԽеĿԽϧǰߵĺ󱳣ӻó˿ݵǰ
ʺ콦˿ϣƿϧ֣Ͳɱ㡣
үǺˡϧ
ǣƣһЦʵҲǺˣһ죬ҷ˶Բ飬һԥɱ㡣
һġϧ
ϣˡӦ
һʱ֮һ鱨ƣر˫ۣһᣬҺ»ȥһˣȥȥ
ϧԥƬ̣ʵү鷳𣿡
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ԣϧɻָ֣Ө͸覡
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΢΢һЦǰλĸ˿ɲȥô޺¼һĴ̻ᣬ⸾ܱεȻ򵥡
ߵһУһλ绨Ů棬˽˼䣬תȥ
Ů֪ǰ󣬲ҵվһԣʱԸ
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ϧһ㶣ӦæүСүںġ衰衱ĿãĲǺүλСү˭Υ䡣
ǵһִоЩŤŮܲף㲻㱻ռˡ
ϧַܺã᲻أܹרŵѵףʲôҪ̣ôӦЩ޵Ĵٹˡ
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۲ϧûǮ
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ļۣһƽ𡣡˿ڣ
⣬һƬţ֮󣬲˵ؼһμۡ
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һã˳ۣǧ֮ǰգȥͲˡ
һһǧһ
¥İУһƽ˷µٴ֪
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СĿһϧæҡҡͷҲûǮЩµһǮûܴ
Щɥô졣
ˣ߰ˡЦŴȤ
ֵǮСӣֵǮġºط
ǺǣСŮգС
ǰİٴ˿ڣּμۣҲżӼۣÿҲӶ࣬һգе˷ٳ
ճĳɽһǧһײ˼ۣȻֽɽһߵİײˡ
ȭͷСĳʵ𶯣ļӼۣʵ־ڱصá
ѵĶУķԣһҲİ
ûƵķУŵ˫ŶԶϾŲŴǧ֮꣬ǰѾء
ʣµʱ䣬֣һһֵᣬС¸ɿţ۵ɴۣǲ
Ҳ֪׹󣬻ʡŵá
һϻļۣƽʮ
ʱһˮɵʯ̨Уɫ񻨾ԣʱýԲ


154 ֮
ϻܶ֫滨ͷ­ȫ¶ɿ춼Ҫۺҩ
Ƿط˻ȻĻңǴĻʳǣʮפǿ˭ڴ¡
ΪѰһ񻨣νѾ˼ڹ򲻸ˣҵóԸ
ϣ۸ķǳѾʮǵʮһڲͣš
Ҫ߾ôĸᣬһһļӼۣûаԥ
ʮ
һУһĮŮһ¾ͽ۸̧ʮʱס⼸ᡣ
üͷһ壬ܸоЩϤϸȥȴİ֮
۵İ֮УһϮʤѩղ˿УǴӱɴӪĺѩ
ĺѩ죬ֻҪϳ˭ҲС
ʮһ˾ۣһļ۸һΣ
ĺѩûٿڣվڰڣŶķ
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ʮһʼճĬİڿڣһˡ
ʮļ۸ۣ˼ӵ̨ϵĸѯκеľ
£ǮˡЦ
СһͷϧҲǲף֮У֪µ˷ǳ٣λǡòڴС
ʱ룬ʾŮȥ
үǳʮƱΪĹһļۣϻĳҲһΡ
ô˼
˵˼˫ֿû㲻˼һЦһ߽ӹƱͳ
̬ȿȻҲϧû೶Ƥ˰죬ºϧ˯ˣδس˸ǡ
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Գ˸һΣ˭ûдֻǰ
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Цָָڴģص߾ȫӵϻλΥģ֮
ԣ֤һƷ㵽ӽĵطġ

֮УЦת۴
ۣıӦκһƷ߽֪֮£ģκα֤Ҫɿ
գ֪ģʮӴΣ
һһ껨˫Ӯľ棬ҲζŴյҾڿҪ˾š
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һգϧ𹫳ȥһ̫ʶλ֮ѡ
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Уλ֧ʮӣñһ浹ٴ˲
պδ빬ҲϢʺͬʮӵǻһ£һʯǧˣһֱδ̬Ļʺ󶼿˿ڣ˵»֮λϾҪн
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ĵƣ󳬳Ĺ
ɢȥҹ뿪Ҳص֪һͷ鷿һҹδ
ڶգٴν͵ǰһα
үĪҪΪѡһλʿ¶ɫ
ʺΪβҡ
û˵ֻүŲʿε
ʺ˺ȵ
֮¡¡죬ʹȻ͵УȴȻƽһƬûκ
үذɡʿ̾
ߣһ˦ŭȥ
֪ٴαʺܼ͵ǰϢͬһ㣬Ѹ֮䴫֪ĳȨ˵ǻʺְֽ̳Ҳ֪࣬͵ĵŶȥ֪ʺжôķŭ
֪վӵ飬ŭλʺȻҲ˶һ£ԭʺеĻλѡʮӡ
֪Ϊ˾ϻվǱ޿ɺǣ˭˵ʲôĻᣬֻһΣʧȥˣҲѰ
֮ͳ͵һλ棬̸һ죬˭֪һΣ乫һţźܼ򵥣ֻ֡
ʦѾ


155 
֪һƽ߿籩꣬ԶһƬ֮أκıƴŵǺԺ
һ֮Ѿʣ޼ڸòӶĲ࣬Ҳ˸öֵʱ
һ˫գʵһ־磬ݵǷ£Ϸ˻Ƿ£ֹֻСĴ۽
Ǿ仰˭ʵۣƨϵ
үṫһš鷿֮⣬һͳ
ͽƽ
ǡ
䣬ֽΪһĨ룬ȴδ룬Ȼǰ
ӹţ֮󣬵ˣ°ɣṫöˡ
ǡӰȥתʧ
ϧ𹫿ܿǵܰġ
ҹɫˣ鷿еƻɣȴѾʧ
ĻʹһӰҹɫ룬ѲߵĽһӶ߹˿δܷ쳣
δ빬УһѾϢͻȻ˫ۣ˭
ҡڣһ룬ժ¹
ôʱˡŵ˯±ڴϣñڣε
Сǲ֪ŮܲôдģаҹŮӷġ
ܳʵ
ȥ𡣡û˵
̫ˣ㡣˼
Щˡ
˼ѹڵĳ嶯ģѾˣҺﶼû㾿ЩʲôΪҪʮӵǻļ󡣡
ɲǼ󡣡
̸£ɫ˵
һЩûӦô¡
ʮӱϧǱߣͻһֱĬеĹҧˣҿɲʱ̱ݺݵҧһڡƽ
˵ϧ𹫲ĸʮλ֮΢
ǰֻǻɣѿȷɫ
˳˵һ䣬ѾƹͷܺܿҪжˡ
췴ɫһ䣬ŭ
ЦЦûнӻԹųܿܣӻѡһ·һ㶼֡
ӵԸϲС󣬿ңһΣͻ˵£ɹĸԶҪߡ
ǲԣӱŶƿ£ܵҲֲ֮ҡͷ
ϹˡЦ
𾪣ôӷʱϹԷԣ˲һֱʲôܣ˭Ϲӵˡ
ˣҪƹһǰš䣬Ϲ棬ߡ
ôȡεģӦæʵ
ǣ
ƽЦһһ˲ʧ
⵭Ц֪ΪΣһĪĲ֮
ЩӾƵı仯ҶĿߣԴͷ̫ʶͻȻı⣬˽Ϊϧ粻֮һĪеӹᱱɵϢȴ֪֤ڴ֮ǰ͵̫ʶǰ
̫ʶһϷˡ
µĹؼȡӵΡ
˵˭֪
ص˺Դӷ֮ûдʯɫĳϣžצƣλ˳ݡ
ڵ˸ôʱ
ڶգĸϢպǰʳĹ޺ǵ
ǶڻʳǵǣҲʮʳǵľ벻Զһҹʱԡ
磬꣬ϵӪƽΨӪͳǶࡣ
ƹζ췴Ĵ˵ƻǣǻⲻ˵ġ
գī߹Ľи̾һսǸˡ
գҲһգȥ䡣
վ֮ǰ˫͸ŻʹȺͿ֪֮ʱ͵ϣͻµˡ
ǰýˡ̾˵
ˣȥ޺ӵͬһʱ䣬δ빬УһɫٻӰ߳ͬȥ
ᣬȻһ¡
ǳ̹񣬹ӭ١
Ϧ֮ʱΣƺƵűĻʳǸȥ
ű£κ춯һɱ⡣бݸɨһǰλûпѹ
ͷӦ¡
λı亹ֱ֪Ȼ紫˵һĺ޸顣
һ̣ӰһΪһĨԶȥתʧ
ʳǣǾ壬꣬ϵӪ֮˶Ѹٿסʳǡ
ǧӪʿʮӸΧסʱ׼С
⣬ͬϵӪĽʿΧˮйͨ
һ̣ʳձȨ֮ˣȫ粽Уڸ֮ۡڡ
ߵĴ󶯾ʹĴŷ̹رգ̬֮
ǣ
δ빬Уһλס˳ĵ·˿ò
ˡү˵İΣܳ⣬ĩζҪס칧
մӷŻĽ죬е󣬺ԥؽ
¼䣬˵˭ȫΨЩ֤˷֮սĽʿǡ
췴ǲ֣ǣǵĺ޿ܡ
͵ǰһʯ׵ˡ
ǧأڹҲڹǿϵ
ͽ֮вģ˵ǴĽľôǰǧʿǾеľ
ءվ͵ǰֻ˵֡
֮⣬յĻʹţӪǰ֮·õӦȴ˿ûж
ɫЩԡ
ʳ֮Уڸеʮ֣ȸ׻ӪΧ˼Ӫһߣ³֣ӪΧϵӪԵϹʾԮȴϧ𹫺̫൲סȥ·
̫˾ȫ˳վϧ𹫺н֮
̫˾ϧ𹫵̫˾»ȻӵžԵ֧Ȩ
Ϲﻢ£޾̫˾ɫȴ̫ʶߵλˡ
ʳеҺܿյƣһϢĶУλĵɫԽԽѿڣ֪ˣһɵӡ
ǣĵ˭
һӰΨеʱһ£֮ҡҡͷ
ҹ΢΢Щ俴һϷͳ
סֻҪȵǰǻлᡣ
ûлˣ
һڷԣˮѪλ󣬲˿Խ
ΧӪзߣɱ⣡
ǡ
ŷֱʣһֱװѶһͬķΧסӪ
¡¡
ſǧ֣ǰˣһʯɫľۣԡ


156 
俴ݵľȺ󣬱ƽûη壬ҲûлţеֻǲһĿ
֪û뵽㡣
֡ƽ
俴һʣûãиһµҲǲ顣
ȥǲĻԵȵҡ
ȻһȵġЦ
˵ĻڳûһöһԵ¡
ͬõĽ֡
ｻˡһ£
µͷ
ȥսλӡ
ȥ¿ǰһȻ䣬һĨ΢ɲ˸С
䣬ߴˡ
пĻʹһִҲǵңܿܣԹŲ䡣䵭
㵱뱱ɰйӴѹʵ
ǣ˵ͷµѾûʲôˡ
ǰ׿ڳϣɫ䣬¶ɱΪĻӣԵսʮʿ;乫𡣡
ɴߣαؾСڣ˵ʲôã¼°ɡ䳯ǰһɫս죬ܾ䶨־͸֮ˣҲҪսС
»̧еĽ̾λֵУʮ̣˵ܾģеһգǴһһսˡ
䣬·һƬˮ
³ûмµʽû𺳵ϢȻ·иУѡ
ɫ䣬Ϣڣɫս죬һ˫ȭӲˮ

䣬ˮ䲻˰벽һ߶ȭۻصϢѹ£ݺݺ¡
΢ɿʶâʢֱ
䣡
ץסȭ֮䣬سܲ˾Ȼѣ¡¡УɳѺݺԶ
ͬһʱ䣬䣬Ӱȴȭƣ޷
鶯ɽӡ
Σʱ̣ɫţһַֻɫε
Ϸˮ౻⾪ϢɣΣ˲仯ΪΡ
䣬ˡ˰벽
ĻӾȻΪ֮Уɱ̾
֪Ǻ޻ʧһĨįΪĻ֮λֵô
磬֪ʲô𣬾⸱α̬ͱ顣¶֮ɫѵĻ˵Ȼ߳һұ׼գ졣
̽ѹ䲻֣ʯ飬۰֮ȻڣɫĹâӳŽ׶ޱѹ
һ̾ı˺գˮɻأڷȻȶ󣬽ɫųҫ۵ĹâŴѧѧġ
䡣
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ս֮⣬λܵͻȻֵޱаȻ˫ӣŨŨĵǡ
ĽԶĽʿ֪ʲôȴȻܲǰĺѹսѲܴġ
ѧĶԹ䣬һ˫뵹ˣʽϵĿ⣬ȴڸϵĲ࣬ŷ죬ʮסӰ
һߣϢ΢ңȴδˣ֮һನҲ˺벽
벽죡䣬Խ״¶֮ɫ
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䶫ҫ
ɺĶ־佫һΪΪǿһУ֮⣬ȼʹ
վսһУǻع龲乫̵ʽУԼʦʼնһĨԭʼ𾴡
Ծ乫֮УеĽǹۣʱͻƣȻϢ
ǹ
̵֮ͬУĵλѡõ˽Թķʽ
һͬʦǲͬʦͬΪӣС˰һµ˼˿̣һУ˲Լͬѡ̵ʽƺҪ˽ͶԹ
䣡
ֲʧɫֻռը飬һӰɶϣȾѪս׶ˡ
ۣ
һѪ³䵥ϥأѪˮ£վδվ֧֮ǲս⡣
ˡ»ǰ䣬
Ǻǣ
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˫ۣɫûʲô־壬ܿܣ׼㹻ˡ
ʱһȥԤϵһȻûд£˫ۣǰĴ֣ĺݺһ
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ҹ紵һĨ׷Ʈ˴ۣǵѪ£徹һ˿ȡ
߰ɣӴԺ
ս£ջδµ֣һ̾Ը䡣
ӣ˾ʧˣ
ʱУڲصӰ֣Ѫڣ׹ȼͬʱն¡
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أ˵ನ²ԸȴɿѪʣʼˡ
ǣվҵֵܣĴ»ǰŲ벽
˾㣬㿸𡣡޹һĮ
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裬ˮ˫һʱ䣬ֲ¡
ʱһļȻֲƣ衣
ɰ
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һ콾
޹Ϳ𺳣̣֮ȴ
ƾ˲˾ٴεǰ
һ죬ɫӦɢ½´ȻݣѪӿȴɲԸ˺
䣬ʼռǵҵ㡣±ŵ䣬ѪȾһֻǣߴ·£Ϊ
֮֮սΪź
£κƵ֮ҲΪ
һ˲䣬ֹͣǰһĻĻϸУʹУһĲǸҲĸ󣬶ǼλһֵͬܣСʱһСһ㴦ǻÿһαʳͷΪǳԱ⣬ϴҲ¡
硣
һһ˿ԥһ
ȣѣ˲ȫ֮ʱѹ£һХӰ˲̫˾˫֮䣬ͷ΢΢һЦȻըѪɣ춼ǡ
䡣
Աನ⣬֮ʮ֮ԶǱֹסӰ¿Ѫ׹ǣһεˮ䡣
ۣ
ѪȾأЦ¡


157 б
Ӱˣܵĳףܵı飬ܵѪⶼ磬ıƣ߻λһϦɢ
ȾѪЦЦᣬҹУ׷֣˴Ŀ
Ȩ֮޹УٽʿΪ֮Ѫ˼Ӱ
޹ͿȥԱõĽ֡
ʳǵҺܿ챻ѹһΪλʹĳŶûܽȥʵһַ̡

ʱʳ֮УһҵĽ𣬱ɽӵڻʳеǿ߿ʼ
ʮӺϧһȨʼ̣ȸͰ׻ӪλͳҲͻ͵ϮŪĴֲˡ
վڻʳǵķ֮ϣһҽУ乭һƿա
貵ɫâʣֱТԺУδüıǿɫ䣬տ⣬ȴѴض
Ѫߣ˫ۣĿ
ɫһһÿһζһ̿͵ӵļʼǾѿʼѪһһΣȾǰ
ৣ
֮ϣͻȻһޱȵİ׺绮һն
Ȼ죬н䱸㿪һȴȻನʮԶѪء
ĺѩ
һĨٻӰݵ𾪺Ѹٻָ
ĺѩûгڶ˼Ӱһʧ
±ˣһĻûü˵ʳǣֻҪ֣˭ס֮ĺѩ
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һʧķջ̸ȥҹ뽫е鷳һ
ҹɫȾѪһǰУʱѪȻҪ;ƿݵʱ
֮עظķȴҲսģԷһֱûкùӲǿ˫͵ҩ֮ڡ
ֻЩڽΣֻܿ⡣
һ죬ҪĻͷϵƬ졣
˾
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Ųδͣһ߿ԣһƽ
ǡ
һĨԥȴǵͷӦ¡
̫˾Укʮˣˣ°ǧˣһµ˾Ҳ̡
̫˾ϧ𹫵̫˾ǻһЩ֪Ӱӡ
ˣ˭ȫƿأϧҲС
ʹ͵ʮˣгҲ½½˹
ڻʳǵĶҺͱɴ̿͵İɱسһ泼Ӿ󲿷ѱץ͵еϡϡɣʣ²ƽյɡ
̫ߵԣһյΣϵһƬȻ
̫Ϊڳû˵ʲôǻʵǿߣ˭ﲻ
̫ʶʱˡһλ׷ԲԵϳ˳ΡΡ
ϳ֮ڳĿ̫ʶҹľͻȻôˣôѪʳǰգеĴ󳼶еֲ̿
Ĵģ̫Ҫһλ»סġ
»ʵѡʵѺɣ˳ѾãĻֲ򣬻λѡΨʮһˡ
乫ʼճĬţ䶯һ̣δ˵һ仰
ϧҲܰҡԲ
̫ʶڵȣ֪֤ʱ̣ϧһֱûе
Ĺʼնûг֣̫ʶòȴ顣
ڳ¹ּĩβֺȫһ
ڽˣ
ʼգҹңⳡλ֮˽
ʮǻһĨЦݣĿУһλ
ʳǣ̸ҲˣһѪƣɱ
ط̺һԵ᰿֮ɫһԡ
֪ôˡط̸еЩԣʵ
ɱˡӦ
䣬˪īһƬزã
·ѩᰰνȴֱɣΪ̫ȫ޷ս
һΣϴһʽֱ㶯ɱƽȻͬ
ط̼ԣд붯ɫ⻪˲
ط·硣
֪Ǻ⣡ط¶ŭɫ
ҹһ鶼ռƻУȻʮӣѹҲʮӵǻʱΪ֪
Ѿǧ꣬ٳ˷ˡƽ
طɫ䣬ô֪ģ
͵ǱҲ˽ϧˣɨһԶĻʹڵ
ԣطһ̳˹ȵףһҪȥ
ὣһӹǰ߲ڸϹȥҲˣһж
ʹ͵ʮһߵĴĻλת¡
ڳݣ֮쳹͵
ƽտڣ˵Ϊһ仰
ллδ˵꣬Աߣ̫һ̾
ˡ
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ͻȻı仯еˣ·
һ̣˻ȻһĻ֮ϵʮӣѸٱ仯תۻָò
ϧ𣡡
̫ʶ乫ɫ䣬𾪲ѡ
һգƻʮӺ½һ֡
һ仰˵ʲôʡ
֪Ц
ͷһ仰
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ϧһСĵˣµˮ©ն޷ץȷеİѱǣϧôı㣬յĿĶӲλ֡
½֣֮ʮϻλΪĻ֡
Ҫֻ̫࣬Ҫסξ㹻ˡ
̫ƻĹؼʱ̣Ψ̫վԣŲκ˵Ļɡ
ṫλվ˶ʮ꣬ʲôʱ˭ᣬҲκε顣
λжû죬̫ѲһΣϧʧˡ
ʱȥ˻꣬˶أ˻ʳǺܶѡ
֪ʵѲѷ̫ࡣ
ṫ˳ȴû֪˭
Ȼ⡣
ΪʯʱѾ̫࣬ʮӻϧ𹫣κ˵붼ᡣ
վ֣ýչλϵ˵˵һ仰̽䣡
ȫһƣǿϧ𹫶޷⣬߻࣬˲ݻٺһһѪȾǰۡ
̫ʶ乫Աߣһֱϧòʾ˵īһع񣬽һ壬ӳ͵
ķӦްԥûпϵӰһۡ
飬Ǿתɲǣں
һ̣ϧ𹫻谵˫һĨϣľȵߣ


158 
̫ûȥ׷һץϧ𹫣ֱӵ˵¡
УֻҪĻʵѪ˭ûʸλϡ
̫ʶӦ첽ߵϧǰ֮̽£ȴʧϢ

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ȥʮӡ
乫ת뿪Ըٴȥ
ڳãȻ֪ߣǸ
̫վԣڵŵԡ
̸һƬױУطֲңʯѣִٲ֮
׾񡣡
Х۵ݿ࣬춼Ⱦɫ
Ȼʵʤһվɢ˪Уī˪
С㣬߰
ƴ֮ǰͬһʱ䣬̸УλƷ֣ĽŲ
ߵ𣡡
һˣ飬ֱӶ
ڣī壬Ѫ죬Ʒ֣ط̵һһۣһ޻ڡ
ߡ
ؿڵѪ£ǿƷһ̣ҲС˲
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乭ɫâҫؼ䣬ɲǺƿն
طһֱбɱ٣ȴ
һ̣һǿͼâȻײӲǽĹ켣ƫ硣
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£̫ʶɫһĨص
ö˵ûõġ̾ҡͷ
ȥʺ̫ʶ
δ빬ǰдأûñ˭ȥε
䣬͵ǰստ
죬սޱ㾡ȫʩչ£쳣ҵĽ֮֡
˫Գһѧƾˣǿ̫ҲҴ⡣
˶
Ͻϯأ֮䣬һƬɫγ죬֮
ֻ̫ƽ֮ʣ˪Ʈ㣬ǧٽһƿն
衱һ̫˰벽ƵһĨ졣
һߣ˳ɣѪ£ٴȾǰ
óȫɣԸϣҲԸȥĨһǵѪ
Ը
̫벽Ϣڣһǿ쳣ѹϯʹ֮
һ̣ʹе߶еһֱ
ȫʩΪǿߣֲһ档
ЦĲãһսǿĶ֣޺ˡ
ƣһԼʱɫȻը޾񱩵Ϣ˲ȫ
Ȼ˫ƣ֮ǰʯըѣನƬƬĵ֮ϡ
˵ǿˡ
ԭǿ߾˵Ŀֲ
ԭս죬ĲֻǴ˵
ĴսսĹңǿನ͵ǰػٵ֧飬ǧʯ״ݣʯһء
ʳеĽƷ֮ϵǿߣԶԶ͵ķ𾪵˵
ʲôˡУһϵİʹԡ
ҹɫȥĳغܿҪ٣͵ǰĴս۷塣
ȾѪ̫ȴЩˣǿȻϾû
콫̫಻Ըϣһ̤˫ƾ֮ʱһ޴ۣ֮״֮
ɫ䣬߶ƣɫϢڣ⽫ŵҹ
֮£µһˣһս֮һУ顣
ʳ֮Ŵǰоʹ⾪˵Ĳɫ䣬Ӱһٳǰȥ
䣡
޿赲Ĵײʱ̣ҫƬء
ݿأ͵ǰ٣֮
̫ʶ乫ֿϮನȻȫֵһ˺ʮȾ졣
価һƬ̫أǰӰһ̾ϧ
ǰϧŻһѪԽأǿվ
ϧû
ĵһƳ£ů
һ̣𽵣ůĳ¶Υĳͷ

һʹĳУѸٷ
ӾƷ֮ġ
ɰ
һۣһУУ£ٲֹס


159 ɶ
͵ǰԾźڰȥĵһأٵϡ
֮ϣգӳգγһ˵ķ֮
·ӰΧѩٲƮ£īҲٲ˪һʹĳصؼ䣬ǻľ
δ빬һţٲ߶ﻯΪһĨ⳯͵
ͬһʱ䣬ʳ֮⣬һĨɫٻӰҲٷɻأٶȿľˡ
̶̵һҹʳ춨˭֪Ϊһҹе˸˶١
ӣ֮
գ˭ûв³֪εõΣգ췣ڴ䡣
͵У೼ӶŤͷԸټȥ
һ̣ٶıٶĲĻ棬ٵһɶɢȥ
ʳ֮УİտŻʹϿյĿֲ¶
֪˭һ䣬֪֪Ǵˣ
֪Ǵˣһʮʮ٣ʳǣճеʵ
֪֪˶캦֮£Ȼĳͷã
ǣ˵Ӧǳһ¾̫˾Ϊ֪̫˾˾϶µģۣö⵽Ӧˡ
˵ʲôӦǳʱ֪û̫˾˾أ
ҲӲ˸ϵΪʲôͷˣƫƫͷ
һûֵòȻαӣ͸ñ
ƫҥԣȻ߷΢ķܿͱ纣һûȥ
үֵ𣿡
֪УϹܼߵݺᣬǺүػİգֵ
ʹסĿڣɫͻȻһҰףѪĸӦһ̣ޱ
վߣŴĻʹĿһǴĵλڶΪλ˴̡
ȥˣ
ʱһеɫ䣬Ӱһʧ
Ժڴϣɫ԰ף£ȥ̽飬ȴκε
ô£
󼱣Ȼ·뵽ʲôߵߣżԶ֮
ǣ췣
Сӵʲô飬ŭ
¶𺳵µע˵Ŀⶼ˴Ļʹ򣬾Ȳѡ
͵ǰٸĳŻеӰоʹһеسȥ
ɣ
ڳң̫ʶ;乫ǰס俿벽
ȣ
һߣЯ⻪֮УҪץס֮ʣһ޴Ȼ٣һ췣֮ˡ
ۣ
أ͵Ż죬ѪȾء
Ҫ
֮ʹļʯҲȼյʢڻеĩš
յһĻĻӹ빬ӳٵĻ׷ɱҹ壬һ̣ܶȴ¡
ֵˣֵˡ
׼㲻ﱻǰУ֣
ٴǰȻ췣֮£٣һǰߡ
ṫѵ
̫һ̾Ӱһ˫ָʱס
л
֮Уһ̣涸Ȼڣ׽ûС
̣Ҳգ
һ˲ལ֣ʱ˪յ𣬾һ˿ļ
䣡
׽ལ֮ϣལ֮б
֮У߳һץལնϡ
Ȼһ˪죬ʱ֮·
ڻУ룬һץסΪɢ֮
Ȼ˼򵥾ͱ棬һãལܳų֣ƣ˼䡣
һ̣纣ǿһ٣Ⱦ졣
ⲻΥĵǿҲֻһˣһֹһ߻ס
ȣ
ŭϢ죬彣ɳһţ췣֮
ݵһ˲䣬ָǿд߶֮ϵ֮סһ˿
彣죬ųֳһƬֻǣ£֮أ췣޿ɱܡ
䣡
ٽ׼ܷ֮Ȼײ彣֮ϣֲĵֻڳˡ
¼䣬²ֱ̤֮գǲ֪ԭĵĴѾǿ˿µĵز
塣
ȫֿ췣֮ʱʹ⣬һγ֣Ѹٿ
ȴֱӱɳȥ
Ů߳ȻһϮ£ͷϴźͷգΨ촽֣Ѫ
ǰùŮȥظɣ֮£ΨеظղĵطŮһ˵
üͷ΢壬Ƭ֮󣬵˵ͷ·
ŮΣڰ޳·ţͷ̧ΣѸٳűȥ
彣ס𣬸ȥ
ظλʳǺԶŮµĹȻĵظȫ·ٶȿľˣһǿ߻Ҫ֡
ʱ֮ĩŮӡʩ䣬ʱһģĴų֣ûԥ˽ȥ
ظŹأ췣ʧһӣ彣Ϊû뽣ܣϢ
ǰ
Ů½ΣԱߵһǰȥ
ظ·ܰû⣬Ψһһâ׹⣬ǳ΢ɼ
һʯǰŮפ㣬ƿʯ˽ȥסĵط
ʯ֮ڣŮȥȼȻеĴϡ
֮ȻãȻѾȫ¼䣬ûһҩܹ
ΪκѾʣһҲѸɢҲס
ŮվһԣĬڤһ͸˹ȥû뵽ȥˡ
ɴӪǰĺѩͻأһ˧֮ǰӰƽĳǷµ飬һˣڣ
ڡµͷӦ
ĵڣĺѩת뿪ûаԥ
ǣͱ»ع
ǣǹ
ȥ¾˧ǰһ˫ӿһ۴Ļʹ˵ϸ˻Ǳˡ
ȷʵһĶ֣ĵľƣҲܴĸãϧˡ
ˣ
ڡһλ첽
ȫǰǡ¿ڵ
ǡ첽뿪
һգɴһΪȷ棬ʮѸײڶ֮ƹ±Աļǣĸʱ󣬴ռһǳء
һգж췴ȣӼٵǧǴӵţѱ档
һգδָƽĴٴˡ


160 
ɹݼǣ˵ϣⲢһʮҪĳǳأԱɾʦͼʵ˲벻
ǳصķͬټ٣ʵѱ棬ӱƹʧܵϢʱ·ѾѾؾ˺ü졣
ҵս𼸺ձʳñȱٽĴĸ׽⣬βԼˡ
У̫ƽѪºһΪѵľأеıֻܹسǻУǳӭУܿͻᱻ㳹ѹ
ʳǷ棬صʮѹ˳еҺ̱ϣɾ乫죬һ豱ɱ˹ơ
һҹ󣬴ӻظ֮󣬱Ҳûгͬصδ빬ٲκγ
ճųִľ˼ȫ˳ʷ̨Ľһµʱ
յǻ󣬶̫˾˴µĹԱĸɸɾ
̫˾ȥһ۵޹ǰʥּĬһﲻ
ã޹еѪһϵһź򣬶ʱʮɺ籵ȼƼܣȼ
к˾˵ҲһѶŵԣΪȴ˲
ۿȼյʮɺ籽ȼ޹һ̾
ӣˣǣҡ
кŸһĹӣȰӣ߰ɣҪ˾ĺ⡣
š
ȥ紵Ӿƣžһϵʥּչ֮ʮֻ¶
޹дʥϣ޿ˡ
һߣǰͬһʥּƽйط̫˾䣬˾֮£մˣ
Ȩ޹Ȼ෴ᷳһУԣ˵İҲȻͬҲΪ顣
޹λ̫˾ı仯ֻǳ͢ȨͷһӰ¾ɽѳɲתʵ
ϧȱһȴʼû⹫֮£¼˶֪λ˭ģϧҲûᡣ
֮͢УʷٳΪΪѵˣ֪ļأȴôҲ±ʡ
λʷֹһʥϣѯʸȥдȻϵնʯ󺣣ûлӦ
ǣ֪ļأֻдһҹƽѣ֮ġ
ڤظɭɭ겻֮أ͹ŮʯϵɫĬȻ
ʱ̣ΪסһŮΪ˻Ȫһ֮
Ȫˮ֮ף˷֮ὥãΪ״̬
˵»Ȫãܡ
ҹֵȪ֮ʱάֺֻǣϾǳԶ֮
¼䣬ܽȪ֮Ķʵ
ûСŮҡͷ
Ȫ֮ҩɽ⣬ҲܰԵؽһ˻Ϊ״̬
Ĭãڵȥһˣܿأչ
ǰġŮͷӦ¡
ȥŮվڴߣ԰ϸΧУһ˿˿Ȫ֮ɳûŮС
Ļû˵꣬ȻûнȪ֮ĶпɽȪ֮ˡ
ȫȪһ⣬Ҳûˡ
պ˾ϻ
ǰûõġŮҡͷ
ϻͷҪĲ֣ڵȫ֮ش޸ֻܿŻȪ
ǰ̽һȻûκκתʣһϢ
ȫͷŻȪܹģֻǡ
˵Ůûټ˵ȥֻĻıһĹ
Լɡ
̾һָǣڵĻȪٵͷŻȪ֮
ͬһʱ䣬ʼ˱ʴļ󣬹Ů״촽С
һĨɫȴҲû˵ʲô
ӺɫһĨʹ֮ɫ˫ۻһƬ谵š
֣վһԣȴǰѹ
Ƭ֮ȴֳһֻ֣á

ڣ˵һƽʵ߱ѡ񡣡
ĬãҲûдߴ٣ĵصš
ѡš֮ڣ
ɹҲϧʵ
ϧȷ
ѡ񡣡ͷӽ֮ڵظ֮УᾡѰҽ֮ĪҪ̫ϣ
лǰ
뿪ˣŮһԵľϻ룬ʵҿɺã
ȥɡ
лˣ벻վŮʵ
ʲôۣ
ȫáŮش
ˣͦáҡͷ
ҰΡŮ
лˡл
֮󣬹Ůһ򵥵ΣȥΪĶ
ȻȪûȫͷţϻǲɱؿʼֱʴļÿʱ򣬹ŮͻæЩߣǿǰ߲ɹ
Ůܲܰһš
зĲµˣҿ԰ѹν㣬֮ǰϻؾСŮش
ˣڵӣǻӵġҡͷ
Ůٶ˵ҹɫ뿪˵ظ
ϣԼѸõұۣĬΨһܶһֻ֣ȴҲȫĵط
ԭĸо
ţҪ۵ģѡ񣬹ֲκˡ
ĻʹɭУڰ޳ţͷ֣ѲߵĽҪͱһǿɳȥ
ûһԲϣΪŮѹû˵˼һ·ֱδ빬ķȥ
͵һλ߽ǹŮһ̾ˣȥɡ
ʻδ빬һ˸ӦӰһǰ档
㡣ɫһʧ
ǵš֮УŮֻӹһɳǰߡ
ӹţæʵôˣ
ԼŰɡ
䣬ȥûκͣת˲֮ʧ
ţ꣬᲻Ծ
ȼʣ֮һţõġ
ϤıʼӳУΨһһ仰ȴİο
﷿ǰţС
ֻܰһȼţԣе壬۾Ѫ˿ܲ޹⣬Ȼü춼û˯
šŷڳǰ
һеıʼƬ̺¡
ڴϣܸоĵţΪлܡ
ڤظŮڸõǰȪԼڡ
ĪҪҶ죬壬ҪָǲܵģңŶԵʴʶʧȥΪĻˡ
ǣƣһЦžͺܿ£浽һ죬ͰҳˮɣҲʡŵˡ


161 ɽ
ظûаͺҹ㲻⣬ԴÿϷܳȥҲ
Ů˵ĴԽ࣬ߵıԽ죬ΪĹҲ͸һ
Լอ֮Ѿٻ٣ȫȪܻ
ⶾⶾѽеĻ·ȫûκϣ
ظУʣˣŮϲҲϲϻˣǣŵĵظԵøӰ
ֹ˼գˣʼڵظߣͣͣûκĿģֻǲ
Ůûʲô飬Ҳڵظƣǲ֮ˣıʱ䡣
ˮڤظĴеĻƣٿػþҲСԽУʯ̨ϣֻʣһͨѪɫϸһ󲻷ɫ񽣡
գǫ̀ϵĵ뽣Ҳһͨ飬ԶȻ⵶Ҫȵˡ
ûκʧ粻Χתģеĺ¶̯ϡ
ܵõǽңࡣ
ŮæԼ飬øңʱڣһ¡һԵĺŮӣڵ
Ҳû¡Ůƽ
㲻𣿡ֵ
ڤӺ͹Ů޶Ǻ۷壬Ǻ干ޣŮ͵
˼̾
ŮͣƬ̣ҲǾԣһڤǸԶԶԽǰκˣпƾһ̤֮֮
أʵ
ҲܡŮҡͷ
ָҡ룬
ŮһĨ֮ɫǽ˳
ŮֺܰףһŮҪһЩˣԵúƯ
ץŮ֣ת֮ʱһɺ嫵Ϣ˳ŹŮעڡ
ͬһʱ䣬忪ʼ࣬ұۣĸǿľˡ
֮
ŮһȻȣкֻѹе𾪣ȫעԴԴϹ
֮ջ֣һԼֱۣһӣֱС
˰ӣŮɫӵؿһǰˣӿڶԵӵġ
ЦЦں£һΪҲ˷ѣһ֮
֮ûԣκ˶ŮжЩǻ
ܵϢĶŮϸұҪչˣһʱһ£ȥȥǣ֮ǰһҪǵøϻء
ģзִ硣Ӧ
Ůٶ˵Ҵȥ׼չء
֮ô״ﵽģиоμ벻죬Ҳȥ̫Զ
Ůȥڵǻ֪УԭûиоҲʼ֪ζڵĻȪ֮һ
ڵظܾѵʱߵͬңĺͱٴοսһʮﳤ;ϮĴķԮɾ乫ˣʮԮʣһ룬һ·˻С
ǿһȫֳϵǹ޵ĵľһٰܣʧء
صҴѱѹȥȴҲôǱĻ̻̣յġ
Ļʳ֮УȨڲϱɱɽڲصĴ̿Զ󣬶ʱ޷ɾ
ʳǵĽ˴Ѫ磬ϵͼӪλͳȫˣҲбȨջء
֮磬ȸ׻䣬Ӫ붯ʮƺƵ˻ʳǣǰӭС
ʮһӪһ֮䣬ֻʣӪʳǵѹؼ֡
ҹ̹ƸͻϮ֮£ʮˮУ˰
սˮȻռƣһߣҹսݣϧ⣬˶ǿľ޼ƿʩֻ˰
ĵľ棬һεΣ̣֮͵УճüһӼս˼ת
һգĺͱɱػս򲻹;ȫȥϣϹ죬ľоųʤ㡣
ǣĹѼֲǸʱ
ɴڣȫ¶ʮ޵Уһס
ĵĽʿسǣԣ¾;ǵĴܽսѡڿƽԭϣռȻ
ץסӰһʧҲ֡
ͥһϵĹȣÿ˶ǳŷɳⳤ󣬶İյҪ࣬Ϊ
һϻ˵ĺܺãԲݵĶԶܴĹĶ
ĵǿ󣬽ͱ߽ʿ֮ϣϧЩսı뽫ҪôסҪôıУʣ޼
¼ĺʹ֮ˣսĹУɢŴĽҥԡ
Ǵ飬Ϊõɣһ죬𺣵ľĿɲôİղš
Խ̻̲һ죬ŭٴν١
׻ԣɽĵЩɽļ
زס򲻹׷ϣǧ޵еĴģڷ£һ˿ԡ
ֹʮգʮﵽ·һ·֧Ԯǣһ·ǣҪڴ˶סɴ֮·
Ϊǵǣм߶պĳǽ裬±ؾǣҪУҪɽغ꣬ԱＫΪ
ǣΪΨһѡ
¼䣬е˶ڿҪһսǴڴסɴסµͷսתϣ򣬴ľΣˡ
˵һսĳռس֮ôҲᱻ׹ƣҲܺĵһıʱҲǿܹܡ
һ£˶һս¶ԡ
̶̼£ǧ޵еĴıǱԭ򣬾ڱи£ûС
սҪʼеؾżˣǺǷֱפžųؾͬ⽫һս
Ȼʱ򣬱ȴ֮һСͣ
˺Զıɴϣһݺ͹еС֮С
ļգɴʼԹǣѡĹǶͬ˵ϣǣǱԸǡ
ɴǵĹģ󣬸ֻ̽һһ಻ϡ
˶֪Ǳɾʦƣ֮ߣǣ֪Ǽƣ˭ҲҵģֻСӦ
ҹ֮ʱ乫վϣԶƮıɴи֮볯Ϊʮأ֤˴ʢ˥ọ̈̄񣬷Լˡ
ǰˣʱѲǵġ
ɵλʦȷǿĿ£ıҲôһˣϧ


162 
ҹˮλҹգɢеˣһֻ¶˫۵ĺ£ȫ˺ڰ֮С
һֱʻԺٽԺʱ˹ΣƶγԺһСԺȥ
½ͷסƽղǰ
θʻСԺ½ϱˣţǰͷ¶βӰüͷһ壬˭
½ͷڣƽ
ԸɬȻһ˿յϤУ½һ¶֮ɫ
㻹ţ
ûѡ
Ϊ˴磬ǰαڡ½ü
ˣŵ㡣ڲ֮£һЦش
½üͷ壬ֲܶˣ
ʱģָܻܿ
ʣµĻû˵ڵȵ˫Ҳ֮ʱ˵ȪĶѳɢҲΪ˲Զˡ
һ¡
䣬½УƬ̺һ߳ɣϴߺʱģ˵˫ȻָΪòϣȴû뵽˳ȥ
ܹû˷ѡ
ΣԣȻȹŮˮƽǿ̫ࡣ
½ϿǰˣɫԺӦòר̿ͷӵİɡ
ҷӣ˳㿴㡣ʵ
䣬תΣſȥˣպл㡣
½Ŀǰ뿪жûпڣоĳһͬˣͷ·һ̯ˮ˲˿
Σһ·ӵסûκԺǿ򣬶һԺ־죬ν¼ȫĵطҪκ
ӵķȻ΢ĵƹ⣬ţ
ɡУǲϵ
Ŷ룬͵͵ķӣӡ
פ㣬һΡΡؽ͵˹ɣˣֲˡ

ͷӦӹͣоСĽ͵͵֮С
Ǻãϣп
ӣҿҪŲȥˡͳ
ЦЦԼֱ˳Ƭ̺ǵķɻɢִָֻʼһʱʧ롣
廹ڣֻǳЩ⣬ܻϣģĪҪ׷
˵䣬΢һָʼɻأתۼһ
ǵã˵ʲô𣿡ӿڵ
ţϧһд۵Ļšش
ӵͷߵ֮ϵǲףҲֻлŲϣ
Ĭ֮һ񣬡̡ܽ
֮ҲཫҪҺ͵ˣûȥѰңΨпˡ̾
ᾡӦ
ʱϷһ˹⻪𣬶ʱˡ
飡һУ
ǿһĸо֮ĿԲھһںѱ
ӣȥһ
˵꣬ת뿪Ժ󣬼ŹμĶϷ
ٶȼ죬һţںҹУһɫ⻪ľˡ
ǵظرȻһ㣬ǵٶȵĻȴһ졣
Զ֮ƽը죬һ޷س֣Ȼѿʱ죬ƾۼһϸ磬Χضըˣ˵ľ󾪲ķĿ⡣
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163 
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һѴˣ̾һܣĵʿƱػ䵽͵㡣
սܲƣµһٰܣԴӴĺͱɽľʹûӮһֱڰܡ
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еӰ˫ۣŨɻ⣬һ˿󲿷ӶײĵϹȴµЩˣһһҡ޷ڡ

ҰУˮƮ䣬·ʼŢأڶӰҲӵص˳ŵĵ
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170 ٴ
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ٸ࣬ȴҲŻȪԣ˫»ָ֪

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ڤԴ飬û˵ԼЩͷǼԡ
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һǰţһգལ֣һնһš
ȻУ飬쳾Уһپ⻮Խţˡ


171 ֮
貵ľ콵ҫأ޿裬޿ɵǰԽʱնġ
ལյâʱͬһʱ̣콣֣辵⡣
ȻֻƬ̵ͣ٣˫㱻ɳȥϡ
𾪣ۼȴܡ
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⣬մ𶯣Ƭ֮ѳֲȻ顣
񱩵ķ粨Уµأڷ趯ɽ
عʶؿֻ֮ټʯУΨһžʯ̨֮ϣӴ׿Խ
룬ƿƣž˹
ȥ˰ɡ
ӹž˿ҲûȻ˳պо
ִԲ߿صıȻų֮òţ͸Ѿͷͦá
ƿֻʣһԥƬ̣ûٶ֡
ûв´֮󣬲ŵľǴĹ˵Ĺľ
ȻʱͻȻɲǼ䣬Ĺ仯ˣתبŲĻ谵ɲʧǳҫԾ֮ϴ޾Ĺ⻪
֮дһ̾ϢһģӰ߳ɲǱɫһϦ䣬Ǿķ绪Ըоһ޵еӣͦΣ糤ѾѩɣϢӢĺ꣬
ΨҶϢƬǿգһ񻪴˴䣬ĺ꣬Ȼõʧɫ޷ȴԡ
žӳ˯緭ڣһȦһȦȻϷɳԱߣص˼
ջأԱĹžһָ̾·ڰοһͬսѡ
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һ̤ǿգĹǳʼ㣬һһĹâգԽԽ࣬ԽԽܣͬһ㣬ۻҡ
٣֮ߵĿ³Խ˿ķ룬һ䣬綼·Ҫǳ䣬زһĻľ
µļһ̣֮߷·Ҫ߳ʱգģӰ¶һ˿½ǣĺɫսɢبŲı䣬Ѫݺᣬ֤˹֮һս罥ȥһĨɫ쳣ۣػϵ޵еˣȻͦΣȴڲסһͷѩס
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ٵŮӼԶʧˮ꣬ϣȴ˲ٻأԵѾǧĵȴճɿա
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172 
ȥ˶ʮȣߵеĵͼǰŴڵĵط˼
ǰЩӣĵĽ϶½أշӦȴԽԽɱ֮ƵĻĿľֵ˼ˡ
аգƽԭ֮ؽսﶨȻ޾κˣľ乫ӦҲѡƽԭ֮뱱ս
Ľǰɣñɴľͼֶ֮ջپݡ
һٶʮľ룬ñĪʱ䲻սĿܲôĿԶ׼
뵽³ǡ
ڡ߽񣬹
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ʵκʱݶսĹؼĵĴ˾٣֡
ľ乫һñˣıԣ
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ۣ
ƺϸûȥĲˮһ˳


173 
ȿȡ
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174 ˫ǿ
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սͺˮҹֵĲΧǳصԮԮǿֵֽľ档
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սǰ֣ΪĻʵԸͻӹŴδʧһٰܣм֣Ƶ¹𣬱ãƾԡ
սȫ°֣ĴֻĲġ
ĺ̸ȡͻԵĽչʨӴ󿪿ڣӦ˴󲿷Ψи֮£˿ɿڡ
̸еֻʮ죬ĵ̬ȺˣȫȡǣһҪɹ
ʵڿʱһ˿ɣĺ漫ĺ֮¡
漫ʹĲʵ֮Զû꣬еֻ档
ңʹĴҲһΣմɼϽĿҲǷֹ֡
Ȼܽ漫Ҳܡ
οĺ漫֮仹к׵һϵֻҪû˺ƤϵһĽ׽ڡ
գٴ׳һջֻҪϽԸ⽫ԭδʮڵԭ
һ£ҲݣԭǴԴطḻľˣȱıЩʿıͿԻȻһ¡
̸У˳쳣ͻǻ˼ʮϺ֪꣬ʲôʱýʲôʱˣû죬Ͱʣµ̸£
س֮ãʮƺƵ̤ϱϵ;Ϊⳡսٴһ˿
½ӵϢмսӰ죬ʹĵıսңԶ˵ҲҪµʱܵǸʱ죬ľҲöˡ
ߣѾһµСƿڵĿĵأƽһЦ
Ǵĵĵ棬ǴĵĲܾ񣬾ǴĴ˵еĴڡ
þòڵ
þòӦ
Ѱ
ǡҡҡͷƽи̫ģ˵
֪ʵĵһУҲֻλľߴ˵ɫʵ֪öǰ֮ˡ
ǣһЦĬϡ
ʱ
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졣ش
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һսܼ֤ҹ̵ǲ޵С
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УѲߵĽʿҹɫпӰ˭ȥš
Ȼһ˳⡣
ǰһӴȻ׵ľء
ôˡһЦʵ
һӡӣݹһĵ
ժģʵӺʣǸժģвС
ֳŶϷһָЦտ˵
ЦЦû˵ʲôѾͷܡ
ǰһҪӮ͡ȭͷľ
á
ȥ˯ˡӣ֣Цŵһһ·СܣԼ
ƽһҹܿȥڶ쳯ʱҹ̵ʹĵĺˮͬʱԴŶʮ֮⣬ŵصȴ⽫һս
֣һɫսף־ױ֮
ʱԶ죬һӰųضĲһһȣ̤ͷ˲ԾĿ˹ȥ
֮ǰλսһǴĵĵʵڣ̫һЩ
룡ڵǰǿ㹻ء
룡ͬӦ
к֮ˣһ̤սһƲ񷡣
֮ؿǧɣǿһֱӵǰ
ת䣬ࡢ˫ɳ⻮ڲϿѵĴǰնһ̣һľѿȻײ˲ɫ
Բʮ٣زϻζݺľٴӣֱǧ֮⡣
ѣٸʮս
Ѳֵּܵսһѣ̫һڣ벻ѡ
ˮǰĬĬؿһս˿ûǰæ˼ǹƽһս֡
վڿԱߣŵȭͷɵϣȻóһսܲ򵥡
ͣͣǰ͡
вֹ̹ﲻæʱ򣬼Ҳõġ
ͬϢһ
ս֮У˫գ磬֮ӳͬޱ߽꣬ǰ
޿ɶܵһУӰΣǽеļ£죬׼ֱӣûκθӵı仯ֻǷ·ļ֮С
񣬲Ҵ⣬죬嫹֮ꪹ죬Ӳޱ߽
˵ײ֮У뻯ΪΣȴһȻƳ谭͸

͸壬޵е˰벽ȸˡ
ǿߡһĨ˿Ѫֹͣս¶ȫע֮ɫ
棬ؿţûгû֣һսôʼʱֻ̽ˡ
ڤظվڵظ֮ڣңԶоǵǡ
Ȼǰģǻⲻ˵ġ
ƽ֮ˣֻһв֮ʱڻеʱ򣬸Ϊԡ
һ棬һսһˣֻҪȫתƣǲ֮ҲսʤҪԭ
ҪսʤֻһԾԵʵѹ˵ٶȸ˵ٶȣֱ˲ΣڶƳ˫в
һÿǣ֮£Уȫѹ˸ڣȻ־ϵǿ֣ܹǲܵġ
Ͼ¼䣬ɽȹʦôҪֻһ
Ψһеİ취Ƴ˫в


175 ֮ս
ˮңţм䣬һ֮սȻ
ʱ̽˾óʵꪽ棬ݡ
һ޴Ĺ֣֮ǿನΧһжΪΣʯ죬ǧ⡣
ǿߵսƽûκ˵Ĳ֡
ˣһ֮ÿλӹնѿһ޴ĻڣԳⳬԽ޵ơ
е˫ᣬһ߿죬һƵȣжޣ˫ϣصܣ˿·硣
Ϊһλսɫ𶯣ڵ
˵Ľƺϵȣ֮ǰӦԣ˼һλսŲʵ
ϵȡλսҡҡͷϵ׼Һܿ죬ʽǱ콣ѹ㣬гڶϵȵļ󡣡
񣬹۲ú󣬷ʵȻǰ˵üͷһսҪѵĶࡣ
ȻλսûΪ䣬ΪûԽǵǰѽ
ǿ֮սҵĳƥսһ򷨣ΰպգȾ֪ٵǿߵѪ
ĵжʮأԳɣӹŽ
еĺ콣𣬿ľˣһ˿ڣȻָ޵УƾеĽٿ죬Ҳ޷Ʋ֮񻰡
ʽаն
죬ǧа֮ܲڣӣʧɫ֮У񾪾塣
˽ԾǿɫΪأվһܵˣǿ󣬿ɲڲ֮սҲ޵С
ལѸٹʣһӣһĨȺҹҪڵĹâɳʼգûһУΧնɽȥ
Ԩλսɫ䣬̺Ѱǧķӡ֮
һ䣬޵
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жȻޱƽ٣ɳң𣬱ٻĲĿ
ž
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˸ܴһ֮ƽɫ
ɫ䣬Ӱһ˲ǰ콣ٶȶȻӿ죬һ죬һ죬Ѹϡ
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ܲսôĴĽɣ֮ƣȫȻ֡
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֮䣬ʮĵشѾ˴ȥһ޴Ĺ֣سߣ֮
ԱߣΪޣԽԽս֮еԱ۾Ĭǰͣǰͣ
еĽʿȻҲ޷սΣǰݵĿֲɫһһ𺳡
գս̣ܿҺܿͻۿּǿսǻǵһΡ
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Уתѵ磬˵սȫȻ˫һһأ콣ķâ۷壬ֻʣһ⣬ٲɼ
ܣ߷ֹأĶ죬ѵ
Ԩ֮ɣΪսʱϡ
֮ʱͻȻӲһһѧ
ʽ񡣡
ױԽصļ֮֮߱Уɱ񣬷𣬲赲
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죬ͬ
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ս񣬿Ʋʤ֮սڽб֮䣬ַһĳۻǰ
˫棬һ̣ӳԵƣ죬˫
ǿһ֣ɳɳһɳٵǰ
Ȼɢɳ٣ϣһĨѪ
Ĵ棬ְ
ϧ
ҹ̵λս̾Ĵ㹻ãȻ޵еġ
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ʹսҲҪнʱ򣬴ȡս֮УսҪһꪽĻڵĴ档
ȳһѪɫȴȻհƽһ˫Ӱ˲
һգչǰ˵£УҪľй˫Ŀƽⷽ
ǰ˫ʱǿܼʱ棬ͣЪʱһսһ޸ˣǣ˵޽ơ
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ңһֱϰ˫սһƵһĳбػӰ죬ָ
ҪƵһȾҪѰĵڶһλ֪ԣıҲضΪܣ֮ڶλΪ˿֪ıҲԽ
һ棬˫ƣʮа˾Żһ֮ͬëڤӽֺᣬΪѰƲκӰ죬ôսУͻ᲻ɱӲһЩʽǲ֮ƣȴҲһõ㡣
ǰܸܵϢп׼ֺпҵڶ֮ˡ
ս֮УʱԽã˾ͻԽ࣬Ȼ飬κ˶ʣ˵ƻܿ츴ԭ͸Ӳ⣬ԣǰֻҪסԼĽйЩطų֮󣬾ǵڶڵλá
գЩʱҲֻܳĬи̾λȶסְܵĲԩ
ӵǣʵ¡
¼䣬Ժ쿹־飬ֻһΣյֽɽ֮ս
˼ܵĲԩ
ڶĻﲻϻص磬Ѿȫָһۣ˫֣Ӷ
ͬϢһ


176 
첢У֯һĨ貵ĺ⣬ֱӹǰΨһûн۵Ѩλ
˫˫ѨһΪ֪ĵڶս䡣
У޿ɱܣ޿ˣתǰ
ལն䣬ȫں콣֮ǰһ̣ӵལ͸һĨѪ
ﬣ
һ̶ײ˲䣬콣ɣսꪲ
һӼУɳѸΣΪһѽ
սꪲƫɲǣɳ֮ӹһ֮λ

ɳ壬һƺߣ˺벽죬֮ơ
ȣһ¾ʹƷתǿӲС
Ȼ죬Ӳһǣʮɣ֮һĨѪȻǻ䡣
һߣϢһҵңУӱٵɢ
ս¶
ǰλսͿһ·뵽ʲôɫ˲䡣
Ҫˣ
ɳɢΣΪһĨû뽣ܣؿڣѪ֮
Ĵ棬鴫
һ̤һЦ֮Ѫδͣ䣬ף˻ġ
ȫԴ˿ûΪƵ⡣
ûΪôװܣ¼乲λ־ҹλʼûгֵĴ˵ʣµУǵ֮ĵһˡ
µһλãƾĲֻǲ֮
˼ҲУϧһ
ལɻУΧ¶ȶȻͣһ̣ضʼᣬɫӣ硣
ᣬŵУһʧΨн˵Ϣ
һ̣׽žһĻ׺ڣǧ˻߽űѩء
նµսꪣལ£˽£ߣٴݡ
һУףལೱ
Ϣɫ΢䣬Ӱһ˳ʮ⡣
սʹ˽
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ߣӰһǰ
Ŵ۾һƬãȻ֪ô¡
ս֮Уüͷһ壬ȴҲû
ɵرŽܸˣҲò˱عӪء
ǰӮ𣿡ʵ
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˰ЩСʧ
Ҳû䡣ٴҡҡͷ
ǾǴƽˣκȷ
ЦЦҲǣûꡣ
ŶǾȣȻȻӦһͲɣǶԵġ
ںˮӪͣƬ̣뿪ˣһԭûٶĿȥ
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˫ǶԽһѣһҲܿʧȥԡ
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ڣ飬ˡ
һպ󣬵ظ֮У߳űսȥ
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ߵսӦѾھ͵ߵԮЩ
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λʦҲܻϵȡ
˽ϸϸһѪºսĽ죬ϸڵİղܹġ
󲿷ʱѪºȷʱŻһ䣬򵥵˵һԼ뷨
ÿʱѪº˼ܾãǰߵĽϸǡ
뷨󶼺ر𣬺˼άѪº˵ĸоܱŤϸ룬ȴֲûе
ս˼ͬд죬ͨѪºϣϵײ
սûһ˵ԣ˴ϣϷ뱻
ۼɫѾ磬һգڵ乫ǱߣͰкү֪ͨҾˡ
㲻£Ѫºʵ
үĪǲ֪ҲܼġָָߵգЦ
Ѫºһһ̾ôܻ᲻֪һգ¶ԭΪѾ
ү˸Уܻ˵ң̫ࡣ˵꣬ȭһ񣬵ˣĻͲ˵ڡ
ȥѪº߳񣬿ǰ߽ʧӰĬ
Ƿ飬Ѿ塣
Ϊģ֪УеĶˣЩ֪ˣİոȴǽ֪Ϊֺ
ǣǲ˾ʹ˷ΪҪػҺǧǧİգûκνڡ
ҫǧһȱѪģ֪λ·ϣݡ


177 
Ƕǧ⣬羡ͷĵطһòƽӾŴ½·ǧɵĻĬĬȴ
ӿȥʮ꣬ûκرĵطһ
ĺףĳǵĽ
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ĺѩؾͷӰ
㲻˼仹δ¡ĺûлͷ
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ǲ͸ĵ˼䣬պҲˡ
صؼ䣬ĺѩһĨãʲôҪҪΪλǡ
ڤظңԶĶߣĬĬöûжһ¡

鲻֪һûκɣ֣ǡ
һʱ󣬵ظеӰʧŹΣжȥ
Ů鳤˲ԽʧԼû꣬ٷġ
Уһţʱڻʹ֮⡣
Σһʹȥ
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
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ջ͵УĻһ㣬ҹԼյ¡
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ھ֮ǰҲһλسɵľϧȴΪ¼ɺͶɣһλ
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ںЩλУ⣬ĻʵӣǣвžһʺĻλá
̫ţһ㣬ΪһжԼУΨһĲͬǿһЩ
ԣԷµ£ԥͬ⡣
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͵Уս̸ãǰ̫ȫȥˣû̸֪ʲô
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ԲҪ֮֮Ψ֮޿ܡ
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ÿɫӣһοڵ
ûлӦΨн磬ǹȥˣһƬ飬顣
һ̾ٶ˵ī˪ѩ·
뽣Ľ棬ǿ죬ǿ죬ĺѩ֮ٶ˫Ӱ
īŷֹƣһƣȴĽ⣬һŲܡ
ĺѩɫԽĮһУӰת᰻Ϊۼγһѩɫᡣ
ۣ
ת۵ɲǣеٻӰʧһۣ͸롣

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֪ҵݣĺѩһĨ⣬
һʱ̫˾ܲ鵽һЩ˲֪飬ĺطʳĻҲĺҪǣ֮طʳҲΪ֪һǧ궼Ҳȴ֪λãʵڲܲ˻ɡ
˵̧ͷעĺѩ۾ڵûв´ĻͻĳǵλǰӦþطʳĻҺᡣ
ЩĺѩɱӰһ˲ǰǰ
Ȼ죬˫ָ轣ƣɿָĽ˼Ǿ仰ɱҵģһ֪µˣӦòֹһˣɱʵûбҪ
㵽˵ʲôĺѩ
룬ڵ͹ס
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ܼ򵥣һһߣգΣʱ̣ϣԳһΣΪرȹ»Ȫʱ򣬹ͿԲѴ֮ذɱˣ֮
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ĳǧ꣬ŵõһҳ֮䣬ӵһ飬ǲף˭뵽ǰˣȻӵ顣
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ĺѩüͷҲʶ㡣
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΢΢𣬻һĨ΢ɲЦݣ⼸£ܽߣҲͦá
ڼºĶҲûã͸
Ҫлǰ͸߸ѵʱ䣬ķ³֮ĺѩ㹻ˣ㹻ˡ


178 ǿķ
ɴӪһӼܱ͵˧У¿ɫ΢䡣
սˣ˱ز
еоͼǰϸȨãҪ´ȴһϤӰ롣
㡣
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179 ҵ̫
ҹȹƮ裬֮Уվҵ̫γ
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컪ɽ£سǰսĺȫ޿صĴΣ


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192 ɱ¾һҹ
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193 ֮ս
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죬죬죬˿죬ǿ죬ת˲Ľ⣬ںҹֵ֣ɲǣĿܽӡ
ȣһһεĽ⣬ҡض֮С
ԻΪǹƿȻ
ۿսӾ磬治Ըܲһ壬С
ĺѩһ壬ӰΣٴϡ
˽棬ԽսԽңľһһٳǵİնֲĶѣҷɪɪ
Ͼ˿ŽսеӰɫѿʣǱ֪ˡ
Ƿ⡣Ͼ
Ƿϵˣҵƽ
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Σ¥ľǮɱ˵⣬ĪǻҪ𣿡
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㡣Ͼɫֱ䣬˵
һһϵҪҪһնݳ˵䣬óһֽһӣ˹ȥ
Ҫû㣬ҵȱҪµĶ࣬˽ҹǻأΣ¥Ҳ鷳
вͬǧѵϾͷһЩȫҰеǾ̫ˡ
ǰùһ֮ת뿪
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֤Ͼɫ΢΢һЩһͳߡ
ȥƣؿڽֵԿյĴսڣͿĺѩܲܽвˡ
֮ϣ֮սȣӰǹһһأսĻãǿ棬һʱҲ޷ȡʤ
·ǧ侲һ˫Ӿӣȴʵĳ̡֮
ѩ޵Ľ΢΢ʣһĨĽ֣·һ̣ͻն졣
ɺ衣
ĺѩһ̤֮ϣ콣㼯۳һԾ޴Ľȶһٽӹһҫ۵Ĺ⻪
콣꣬Ϣһ֮γһ᲻Ƶ֣ǰ
Ȼޱײ֮ϣֲɲǼ䣬մƬݣԳµ
һɣǹתһĨɫ⣬صһٴײ֮ϡ
תǹУ־ײһǹ֮ĩһǹβ̶Уǹǰ磬ֶʱҲ
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ɲǼӣһֱȴǧ䶯ˣѩʣɽˮնʱضΪһĻɽˮīϾ
ѩӹī׽ǰȻһǹµ֮ϡ
ͬλãشδüֶָʱѣɢ
ҵ˽ܵ˳
ۡ
һ̣֮ϵٻӰʧһĨĽӹʤѩ˲ǰ

壬һٴ۵ѪǰȾ죬׶ܴ
С֪ߡ
Ժ״ˣӼеɱ¶ʢŭ֮⣬屬𵴿
׵ĺѩʱɳȥȾ졣
ͬʱŹǰط̵˸عص򿪾޴ĺţһ˳ء
֮˼·ܹפĿǷ򣬼ٱС
֮ʱһѾõӰ߳طһΧ
һǧԴƱؽ
һλ벽λƷ֮ϵľǿߣȫƷ֮ߵط̵¶𾪣ɫѿ֮
ǵʲôʱ¶ˣ˵͢Ѷǣ
ٶ಻⣬˿̶̫һ£λƷǿǰҪһɱ
Ȼʱ콣֣ԶӰһ߰£һ£ֵɲǣеĽȫһ
ǣǵδһ
ձ
һڣ赭дһ仰κвȴڳÿһһ¶ɫ


194 һ
һĵñΧɱľ棬仯
ɫޱأױȵĽ⣬³ݡ
ΨԽǵˣӵ˲ͬѰĽ⡣
ߣҶ˶Ϻ󡣡ºһЦط̵˵
лط̹һ񣬶˵ŶѸȥ
סǡ
ǡҪ
һ̣һˣһ̤⵴ҪʱɳȥѪȾ¡
λǿ߼״ϣڽһǰʣ׷ȥ
ӰӹָỮһ޴蹵ǰӰΪ֮һ١
Ǵȥ׷סӰһǰɢȥǰ⣬
үšһЦ
Ը㣬㹻ˣӦ
Ҳ˵
ûż֣ǽĿһ
üͷһ壬Ҳ˳ŽĿȥƬ̺Ӻݺһ
һУһⰻȻĶϽʣһɲλľǿ߶ʱȾѪɳ
ǵһϣһһнϽȻʱĶǴĴ棬һǳ
ǰֻˣ˭ܹǵδʵѹһУ˱ˡ
һĽɳǰȥǰһӰҲһն˶ʱ˻ȥ
ʮǰδǽɹѪȾսףԽ׳ذ벽
ǿɺӰһ˵أˡ
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үԼĶ֣ҺΪѡ
º͵ĻУһĨ⻮¼Уһĳ½â̹ǣ·һ㣬ʱ׼˶ɡ
гٵһˣ׶չֳɲʵ
ǰӰ˿⡣
һ̧֣Уɫ⻪ʢ֮䣬һƬɱ֮⡣
һЦƹֱ۵ĳһնǰ⻪ٴһǰࡣ
ɫ΢䣬ȫȭͷ䣬صһײڽ֮ϡ
һѪ˳ȭͷ£Ƥܽǰ
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ĵǿ󣬿ǽңһλλеĶ֡
·ĵľȻ϶񻯣սȴֻһλ
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ͼս쳣ѷʤȻһߣλƷǿٶͼͻƽһȴһٶıһڶϾ
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죬վʱǵ򲻵ѣûԸ濹ľӡ
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˫֮Уǿپ಻Ҵ⣬ַȻۣѪɫ⡣
ͬһʱ̣ɫǹâʢһƵǹ֮ǰ
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ͷ¶β֮˲ܣ
ŭɫһߣϢâ飬ɢС
Զǽڣҵؿ˼乭īɫѪˮһε䣬Ⱦ´ء
֮ǧ˲䣬ȴһĨɫӹһ˲ٴδ֮
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֮ǰһ֮գӰٽǰ֣һƺߣһĳӡĺѩϡ
صһĺѩɳٴȾ졣
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ǰһɫصؿǰ棬ʵ
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һԣܵܿƵеĵԽԽŨ
Ƕˣȴû뵽֮ء
乭ϣۣһ貵ļָ֣Զ·ʱƿնȥ
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һ˲䣬ĺѩһ̳ɲǼ
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ǧǰѩϣֱĿڡҪ

һŭȣϢ񱬷
䣡ܵش
ȾѪɳˣͬ˳Ѫһҵķӿ
һ̣ҫ۵ļٶȳ֣˲Ϣ֮䣬ǰ
ನ𵴣һʱᣬִ֮䣬ǿ߶±ļ⡣
Ȼһ֮׷¡
ڶƿ˳ĺѩǰ硣
ɲ֮󣬵һ֮ƣ𵴡

Ѫӿɢҿ
ĺѩ״ǿƣٴϣӰ룬˲Ƶ
ǧͬʱǰ˫ͬӲһӲǡ
㡭
Ļδ˵ǿ๦壬Ȼĳ׵壬ȾѪɳ
ʮ⣬ĺѩǧǱסӰŻ졣

һ̣һȻЦӿ׹ȥ
ڳɹˡ
ԶĽֵϣر˫ۣƣһ̾
Ȼһ˲䣬ϵ˫͵׹ĵط
ͻֵа֮أϤʧķЦϻص֮䡣
֪л


195 ҽ
аϢϤȴǿĳӡ乭ɲǣһѪſ
ϿգһսµӰ֣а죬ץ׹µ棬ն
ͬһʱ䣬ɫâǣ˲Ϣ֮䣬ƿն
ڤһЦһӣаӿâӦ顣
֪úûȥ㡣
䣬ڤӰȥתʧ
ɲ֮ı˵ǧѪӿѼֻ̣ؿڤӴȥ
ɫΪѿǧ㣬©ڤӡ
֪ڤʲôӵ֮Ϣܿ϶ڤӾԻṳ̂졣
ֻǣŮ˵ظһ˹ĽǧΨһڤ޹޳ˡ
ڤ֮ԱΪظΪλظǿߵΪΪãҲǹŮһֱɵڤӵԭ
ڤУʣ
뵽乭¶ƣأȻȥɣĪҪģʧȥһ꣬һ취ġ
촽˶еһƺȴʼû˵ڣƬ֮תһ̤ΪһĨԶȥ
һҹ٣죬Ӧǣɱ¾¥߾߳ģ϶ʮλΣ¥ɱ֣ǵճȾѪɫ
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Ź飬Ȼ֪عظһ춼ûٳ
ĺѩչˣʯ֮ǰ׽ԼС
ٵĵڶգĶ϶֮У֪Σ¥شңҼٳǳȫ֪С
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ƹҡҡͷѵ;ƿݵʱһѪֻЩࡣ
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˵ͷЩõϢˡ
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ҲżĵصţҪ̫ãȷ³С
˵ʵѾˡ
ˣ
ƹͻȻһڵ˰
Ȫˮ֮ף˰ˮ˰һϿȪͱ˰֮á
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ظı˰ǰѱڤӻˣҲͼҹȴûҵ
ظûб˰ˡ
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֪˵еˮԴ𣿡ʵ
֮صľͷͥɽдĵɽÿ˵һҲȷƹ
һ̾طһһΣա
ɽͲ˵ˣȥѹûʲôˮ
ظˮһĲβĺΪˮԴأһܱȵظСմƶϣɽˮ˵пǼٵġ
ڱɵɽͼ֮صľͷûȥҲжϡ
˼֮䣬ƹصãúһƿƿ޹޳ϡ
еĵҩ㶼ߣҲԲûµʱͳԼƿٻЩáƹε
л
Ҳҩһ䣬ӣ
Ǯˣʮóһ
㸶𣬼˰ɡƹ񵭵
ӡóһƱϴλغȡġ
ƹɨһ۽Ʊֻٴε˵һ䣬̫࣬Ǽ˰ɡ


196 ɽ
𾪣˼ƱΪԼѾǮˣû뵽ƹǰˡ
ϻӣ֮˳ʣµ֮һں
һλظóһ֣Σ¥Ӻ󣬻ʣЩ
ƹЩҩĲͬѰ
óһӽǣʱһº͵ҩɢû֮С
лҲûоûУһ񣬵
лܶ죬ʻϡƹ񵭵
Цһ
ˣ߰ɣ֪࣬Ͳˡƹ
ƹ˽ңڡЦ
ڡ
ƹ񿪿Ӧɫƽȴһ̾ϣĺڰɡ
ȥûκͣЪֱӱϣѪºӪȥ
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ѪºӪθ˧ǰ󣬹һÿ·
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뱱ɴʹʽ滹мʱ䣬һֱţٳô˻ȥѰһ±˰䡣
ڶҹɫһ䣬Ź뿪ظһ·ٱУԶûߵļ֮أɽЩ
εٶȿޣܿŹأعأԸӲѡɽд
ӦòÿζùѽʳΣǿܹӦ
μۣһκ˳ûҲûޣѸٴɽ
ɽ󣬹ԽԽ죬ΪһĨɫ⣬תۼš
֮ڣɫЩأɵɽĵɽҲòȥԭʼ֮أʲô߰Ķϡ档
ߣǿѲĹɣЩԭʼ֮У˵ٴðһЩ޷Ķ
ŹαУɽҲԽԽһ·̣ܿڻҰ֮ǰС
ԭ󣬹θı䷽תȥ
ܿ죬һ޴ĸ߷ǰΧССɽ֣ƣ಻β
ɽˡ
ֱʻУȴ󽵵ٶȣҲ֪ʲôΣյСΪû
ڰ޳ţͷǰκ󣬴һĻɭ֮
Уóһƿҩһѣ븹С
ƹ˵ĺܶԣڵĲ㣬ֻҽЩҩûãҪԣôҲܳ
ҩɢû֫˺һʧӰ٣Ҳ֪ûãЧԣûо
ڰ޳ǰ·ţͷ̧ΣһֱǰС
ٳεĸ飬ѰľƷǿߣ翵ĺڰ޳͵ǹţͷԶԸڷ»ڤ֮ǿ󵽿µĸ鼸ûʲôв
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ͻȻ𶯣ԶѸٱƽ֮ڣɫʱ;
޳
ζʱӿٶȣܿ޳ķ򣬳һȥ
Ƭ̺һƬѹѹҰ̤ɽ룬ʧԶ
޳Ŀ죬ȥҲ죬ĹµֻصĴꡣ
֪ôԼ飬ãֻ޳ѡ
ɽЩ˼Ĺǣˡ
˼ǰУ֮ϣУҹɫŨԽ룬ʱûڹľɽС


197 
ɽϣǰУɭӣ඾Ұ޲ҽǰ
ԭʼ֮أûκε·ڰ޳ǰ濪·ߣţͷ̧ν棬ǰС
ɽԽһһɽ룬롣
ûжãǰһļĴӳ֣ˮ죬ǰ·
û½ΣŹμǰ
ڰ޳ţͷ̤˶УˮϣŶ԰ȥ
ʱһֱ˳·;ڻǳ⣬ХУһʮɸߵľ˷ӿ𣬺Ȼ¡
ֲ£СϣʱûӰӡ
һ̣֮Уһģ͸Ӱ֣Х󣬴˶Ĥ
ˮ仹治С
֮£ʧӰΨˮ֮ϣɫ
ӷˮƷ۷ǿҲ޷ֻһͨĺӣȴˮľ֣ԵЩͬѰ
ˮΣŮ࣬δȫͣЩģ
飬ˮԴڸոտǵ״̬Х̶п־壬Ҳ档
ʣεĶɺˮľ䡣
ûж⣬ֻǶɺӶѡƽ
ѽ
Хɴǿҵľ֮⣬ˮԣӿƺʱͽô֮ˡ
üͷ΢΢ԣܹͨʵһ¡
ʱ䣬ڴ˵̫ãֻӲˡ
һתһΣʹƺҪȴǰһЩ̵ЩҩŻʹЧ
һǰȥ֮ˮļХҲԽԽƵζԽԽŨҡ
ڣˮһļХȷѡ
ˮһ˷ڶ͵¡
һ
ɹ壬ָˮ˷ڼ䣬ˮۣγһھ޴Ľ˲Ϣ֮һն䣬ӭƾˡ
֮䣬˵һһ֮䣬ʵ̫󣬾˱һնɢ
ˮ壬µ͸岻ϲȻں¡
ÿɣ㲻ҵĶ֡ȻƽͣκεĶ⡣
Ȼ˾ȵǣˮ岻ϴ֮ȴɵǰ棬ð벽
üͷĸˣе㲻ԾЩֲͨԣǸ׵ıܣ˲֪
·֮ʱҪߣˮִ˷ʱ䡣
ؼľ֣̫Ըɱ֣֮УܿǵĶ̫٣ҶҪ£ɱһͻһ
һһž֣߶֮ʱžգһľ£ˮϡ
ˮ󾪣ֻǣһжͽͣɫľͬһס
һᣬ˺ӣ¹žסˮ֮ǰȥ
Ǵӹ֮Ĺó澵ӣĥ˺ܾãҲûĥȻܷӳҲǿˮ
Ҳ֪Լûҵ÷澵ӲϿƾӵԶԶûͷôˡ
ɽ뷭һһʱһȥûְˮټ
ɫѾ磬ȥҪʱ䣬ϾлȥٹѰҡ
۰۰
Ȼʱ۵Ӥɽ˺ѷΣϻص
ƤһһɺƬ̺󣬼ٺˡ
һأԲʮȫУγһ޴ɭ֡
ɫ鷳ˡ
ֲָأԱ򣬲֪óߡ
۰
ӤԽԽʱѸоǰ
īʣ˪ᣬվڴ֮Уһδδ֪ĵ١
Σˡ
ϣüϻȥ
ಣ
ͻȻ֮⣬ҽΣΪһˮϢǰȥ
ֻбһʶƫӣһˮѸûԶ
һ̣֮ٶۣˮһһ
ȫԴŲŲ䣬Ʈ裬һһ˷ˮ
δ֪ĵˣδ֪ץͷֻԲӦ䣬ȴ
ЩˮҪЩѶȡ
һᣬĵ˿Ҳ⣬ٰ׷ƽ
˫΢΢ʶɢѰҵ˵λá
۰
һ̣һӤڶһž޴֣ɶ
һƳʮɣһӣɢΧ
ǰֵĹףӤһײϷ޵˻ëȻ
Ѹ˼ŹݣƬ֮һ¶ɫ
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˵еˮ֣֮ˮ»оͷӤ׺ԣΪӤ
Ĵ˵ΨоӤǰܶԵϣֻǣƺһͷߣͷʳ
ô˵һͷܱȾŸͷöԸĶ࣬˵еľӤᲢ۵ޣΪ¡
ʵĪ˵ˣȫʢʱڶ޵Ķ֣һϣĻᶼûС
һΣǵæҪԶڣһ߳
˵УӤľŸͷΣĸŮΣӤˮŮӤû𣬶ǰһͷܿˮΡ
ֲ÷еˮ᲻ϧһд۵·ɽоӤּޣʲôҲֻܳ
жϳǰǾӤ֮תܣ򲻴Ĺ˵ʱѾˡ
ԽԽٲȥֻܵű
ķΧܴʶ̽·ٳһȥ
ͨӳȥ˵
Ӥ棬ӤһһÿſڣһɫˮžҵĶԣǰ
Ӳӣһһ߶㣬ܵĲúˮմ
Ѿ߰ˣãǲҪټӵ
䣡
ľӤƺˣ޴ɨУľƬ֮ҲɨУԶԶط˳ȥ
ò˰죬ʱֲ֪Ҳ֪ҳ·ҲҲӣŽžӤȥ
וּһ̸еұһ飬Ľн硣
ӲƤ
𾪣Ⱦܣ⻹ƨ
Ӥ׷ػأִ쳣һҪǰ븹С
˵׷ϷһֱҪҪʱһץסᣬͻͷһϧӤƤʵľˣ˿ˡ
ʣһĨǰףĵһҪ£˰ҹ򲻹ҲӲһᣬͣ˲ӣܡ
Ӥ޴һḬ̃޿һţһɾ޴
һЦ㲻Ҫ𣬾Ǽԡ
һ̤ӻΪһĨûӤС
һ̣֮ϣŻصƽ£ھӤϡ
۰
𣬾ӤŤڴϣޱɡ
ӤڣīزѪ֮УƾӤηڣǲϰ̷֡


198 µһ
ɽϣۣܻⲻڣγһĻ֮ƣֲ󣬺쳣
֮УӤ޴ҷҵһƬһƬĹľײɽŲ
Ӥڣī̶סԼӣϷ
أӤӤһ󴫳ȻôӲķա
ӤʶŽΪǴģſԽе³ȥ
ɫĶˮӿϣΧɽʯḻ̌ڣʴһƬǽ塣
ӤУ˷ȫ߸
һˣһһ꣬һ£뽩֡
ȼգӤǿˣ˴죬ھ
¼䣬˶˼һĻʵĻһֱȼţʼղϨ
˭֪ʲô£ڶɽ٣ôõʱ䣬˭ܳŵùȥ
ӤȼյڣԽԽ棬һֱ롣
չȥ󣬾ӤķԽԽСӤҲԽԽƺû
ɽϣһ޴ɽһΨл֮ϲȼգʼûϨơ
֪Լ굽еӤ󣬷оһΧ
ܵľ󣬺֮ǰڵƺ̫һѪ⽥ʧͬʯһĶ
Ѹʱľ״
֪˶ãҵһӤ̽ʱӺ񣬲ͬǣʯͷġ
أҵȫľ͵ڶһͬʯͷģѪ֮
޴ĹƺһִڷʽţѪ⻯ʯͷ˯
ΨһһѪ֪֮Ϊûг˯Ȼѣɽ̾غ
΢΢Щ𾪣ԭʼ֮أд˵е޴ڣ˵ɺϣʵЩ˵ȥ
Ը˯Ǳ˷ӡ
ĶѣΪ䣬־ǿ߶ԽƷ
ǵǣԭʼ֮أǷּͬĹ
ѣӤ񻰴˵жǶޣϹʱ˲ٻңձ䲻
ܽߣ죬йһ̸ԸֻǴ˵
顣
Ӥı壬ƺһޱӴĿռ䣬֮ϣֱӿβ
ߵ죬Ѿˣ֮Ҳ֮ɢ˵֮УӤÿͷһ֪½һͷǷ񻹻ţðգٵһ졣
ӤڣʱһЩ˼Щ޾£һʹá
ȻҲеĶѻٻҲһЩõһս꣬һͭһ֧ȫ⼣߰ߣƺʱ۶ϡ
಻ԶսѾ𣬲Ʋ˵սǰһҵĴս
Ǵս棬ܵһĺ⣬֮ǰҵ̫ʱĸоЩֲȫһ
ʣսʮֲ㱻ʴ˾󲿷ַâȴһ˿¡
ͭͬûã˵
ڶ쳯֮ʱٶȽ٣ӤѪ֮˲֧ڲȼһ֮޶
֮ˣһοʵĻѾ֪˵ʲôãУر࣬ǧǵһ˵ٿһվġ
ھ֮ӳգӤʯ֮ɽ϶ΪһδʲôӦΨһѪ֮ȼգ֮󷽲ŻϨ
ҹɫʱ˳ٳΣ뿪ط
Ӥ޴ѾɽٵĲӣﴯ֮꣬
ˮĴʱջعžȥ
ˮҲɽУΨһϣǼ֮ء
طԶˣйΣҲһüϻ
ζˡ
عظ֮ųһǿܣʵڲЩʶĶһܻһҲԡ
ظŮɻڱչأӣ֮ǲˡ
ϣŮճأڤӴ棬ʱԽãҲԽΣգ䣬ΨйŮҵڤӵ䣬֮ͬ䣬ųӦ
ڤӽӴ࣬ȴܸоظĿ£ݿ²ָڤӵʵǺַ޳Ը񣬺޹غ͵֮һΪ޿ĥ
Ƿͻ죬ʵһ൱µ顣
ɱߣΨ죬һڤ̤죬;Բһܹ֮Ըġ
սѱɴûκε⣬ع飬פһ
ͰβӦһƬѹѹģصԴϢ
乫ѪºҲڵԻ⣬ʮֵȡҪɴ
ҹ֮ûи֮أǵ˾Ӫȵ˵֮ǰҪһ̴ꡣ
˧У乫󣬵ͷ⣬һ񣬱㲻˵ʲô
ܾ徲乫뾲乫֮Ĺϵܸһĸơ
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ѪºָȫֵȨ˾乫ԼصսλãҲó顣
Ѫµķţսɱģ֮󣬷ܵޡ
ʳ֮УЩ̫ͬƽķźն䲻ˣһ侮ʯͲҳƤ
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ʼ֮ʱȨûô£ΪֻɺϣžЩԾܺԼͬʱϸԼˣǧҪȥ֪
֮䣬һ仰û˵Զ˳κεľ
ԶڱĹԴȫȻ⣬ÿһҹڵƻδս£ȫΪȡϣ
Ѫº乫ѾҹûϢ߾ȫ˼Բߡ
񣬴ĵĲ⣬ҪԵĶ֣µһߣǿıҲݲð©
ս񣬱ɾʦƵ˷ʤһεĽ棬Ҫκ⣬˫սʼսͱıƴϡ
УһλȹŮӾǰմżֲ̬Ĳ԰ףҹʱۡ
󱻴ǧٿ׵ĴĽ˭뵽ŮӾ¶µıɾʦµһߡ


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ʱӢۣۣµĳ֣ȴıڴʢʱ̣ճǿĻʳϡ
ⲻһӢ۵ʱǧ޵еĴģԶԶδ˥֮ʱ
ȻȴһֲķʽǿиıʱĽŲ
ҸΪǺͷͬһʱ֤һ֮ıһʱ׳١
ҲǲҵģΪǺͷͬһʱòսĲпᡣ
֮䣬ǧ޵еĴģɲҹ̣ڷ»ŵʱµĻǱͥ
ͷƵˣ֪ˣҲˣԷˡ
Ķţһգ˭û׶ؼʱ̣һһӰսֵ
µıɴûκ쳣оʱһаͰ࣬ꡣ
ԶԣһߣӽһЩνս󣬴ĵĽʿٶԱɵһλʦЩηǲɱġ
һβ£µһٰܣս˰꣬һζûʤʿ޿ɺǡ
ڴĽսԶͨʿܹ⣬ܵӰ죬ܱϽļɺ͸߰Ķ־
֮ڿʼ棬ķ棬乫ͳȫ֣ѪºΪǿսÿһսʿ䣬²ɵ
ɷΪ棬ϣɵŷ½ͬսһ㣬ǿ
޹ģһʮգʮʮһ򣬱ɷ棬ʧһ򣬲ʧһ࣬Ļƽ
ʵϣƶԵȵĲԵȣĽǾϸѡĽʿսǿ󣬲˵һʮ˵һԲš
ȻԿΪϵıɴǿĴĽȻֲ˿ˡ
乫ѪºٴνĿƵǽϣսôãһȴֻҪӶϺʱʧһǧʱ򣬼ûκ
취סǧȻ̫乫
ԿǽӪսڻԾǿнЩ뱱ɵַֿѪº
üͷû˵˵ͬҲΪ鷢
ʳ޷սԱʵڳҲսʼռϷĹؼ
乫Ƭ̣Ͽ˴˷ӪǴĽгǿһӪ濹±
СΪ
ҪʱͻȻ֮䣬һǿѹȸдɫһ䣬߳Ӫȥ
ӰȶֱӳǸȥ
εϢǿ𺳣·еĽʿĸֳܵԽ
ǿߡ
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λǰк͹ɣƽ
һס߻
Ŷʲôסʵ
ñλǿ𻯹һ֮򿪽޵ƣΪպΪͥһ֮ء߻ش
Щ·ЦˣνľѾƬصԼ֮ҷ̫޴ǻ̫ãԴˣ
𻯹㣬ǿ㣬ҪƲԳԷơ¸һ
Ӧǻô죿µ
˵˱ɹʦҹ̻λ룬ʶ࣬𻯹˼Ĵˣһ㹻ˣûдڵıҪˡ¸в
ʶʶ࣬Ҳֻ֪֪Ҫһţҹ̾ûӣҼȻܰѴĴϣҹҲһ
䣬ǰһ׹ãһӣӪ֮Уҵ̫ɳոǰ
ߣ֪ô¸˽һ̤Ϊȫء
ӪǰܵԶص𶯺ٳΣ̸˹ȥ
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𶯣𾪣ҲսǿҲֲֻܱܶѣû뵽¾һ֮ѹλǿߡ
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Ѫºڽĺ¸쳣һһʽӨӨ׹ѸɢȫȻá
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¸ԽսԽ£ѵͲ´𻯹ȿ԰ʵԸڱɵδʺ񣬾Բǵġ
˫һƬ䣬ϰ׹ʤ֣򲻴´ģԼ飬ɺݴصδֲ𻯹
Զʮ֮Ѫº𻯹ֺɫһѿ쳣
Ϊ֪ȻҪһҪĶ࣬𻯹صĲ֪֮أǰĻȥУٲ߳
˵У𻯹гܣȴ֪Ǽ٣Ϊ˭ûм𻯹˻߳
֮
󣬰׹⼫ţڶ𣬹ҫ¡
֮ʽ䣬ʱ¹֮ﾲţھֹ
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ɲǼۣҵ̫һͫ׶ȻŴ󣬲ʵĵȥ
һɲǣ¸ٲսӰһȥ
û׷ϣҵؿ˼Ѫӿϴָ
Ҫɱңڿõʱ򡣡
Ƭ̵ĴϢ󣬷̧ͷһԶѪº
սϼ
һ䣬ת뿪
ѪºҲȥûг֡
µǿ󣬾ף״̬Ҳûаܹȡʤ
⣬ҹǲ֡


200 ֮
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Ѫº𻯹ȼϢͻ˻ʹǲ˵Ĵ£𻯹ƿ»Ӹӡ
һ£Ƿµҹˣϣ뷲½ִ˾ΣȫҰܣԣһֱµ
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ֻҪӨӨ׹⣬زסҵ̫£ûɱ
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죬սǿ֮ʱ˵ķ룬һ죬֮ǰҪһ֣ΪˣͲܹġ
صظ֮һֱ˼𻯹ȵ飬ѪºĲȫȴҲ˹ؼļ㡣
λ¸ᵽ˾һʣᵽ˰ﱱɴ´ģӶԻ𻯹뷲°æ۾ǰﱱģȴ¾ܾˡ
˵ɺݴɲ𻯹е˼˼Ȼ֪һЩ֪顣
ҹ֮ǰδ𻯹ʲôź¸˵ƺλΪ𾴣𾴵ˣҲһλǿߡ
һ֮˼ˣȥ롣
Ըţֻһƺȥ顣
ѾˣҲ޷һԡ
ʹԼԴٺ˼룬𻯹ȼȻҷ°æ˵𻯹Ȼ޷ʱڣΪҪ⡣
ĿǰĵˣǷ¡
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ڤظ֮ڣҹѪº;乫ĶԲߣӪס취ûʲôԾԾͨ˵õĽʧİ취
ǣЩĵǣһӪﵥȥʣĽܲܵºˮһı
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һߣĽҲձӪͬļꡣ
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֮ɲǣҹ̵֮Уҹ仺ɫĹâʢΧһС
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˵֮ӵһʶǿߵǿ֮ҲͣһǼ¡
ҲѰ߱˰俪ʵ
ͷ
ʯ֮ϣ˰Ѥţʮȴûһ
֮˰ҿø㡣仺
Ϊ𣿡ʵ
˽̸ƽһ˿ͷ·ɡ
Ȼ̸ܻٴǵзѡ
Ͷ¼°ɡ
ɫ£ѹ̽ǿϢȣӣƾ֮
ɫҲܾ֮ǰ֮ӾͱΪ֮µһˣټƺǿˡ
µ۷ǿߣ٣ڤӣ£δ̤֮ʱǧ䣬ȡ
ЩУ֮ӺҲǳ͵ġ
ǸŮ˴ڣ֮ӻƵǿĽ֮ǿߡ
īϢתӦʹ
ȻܾսǱսپ
ָϢ׶ָƿգһĨɫ⣬ֱ֮Ŀڡ
ɫͬʱı䷽򣬺ỮһƬõѩ⡣
Կǿ仹ֵĻᣬָ֮ϣɫ⻪˪һһɱ⡣
Ųƶܿһ⣬ͬʱƾԪȶ
ָԣӲƣ͸ָ˲֮ġ
üͷһ壬תһǰߡ
㲻ôġ
仺֮˫ʽ䣬ܲ־Եǿ
¼䣬еʽҪ߶ĸоʽȴ󾢲㡣
ٴʧˡ
䣬һ٣ر䣬棬ŭУֵľ֮У仯֮ϣأƿֲҪض˺ѿ
֮ס
֣֮Ǭ𱬣Ͽ֮ϣɽʯݣݡ
ᵽīȻɳɲǼ䣬Ӷһסī߽һ졣

Ŀڣһץסīǿ̾ʹǿӲУŭȣȻһǰ֮ˡ
أŻһѪסΡ
壬ѪһҷڣתǿѹĴڵĽ
ĳǵĽɳƵ
Ҫ𣿡Խأ
˴ҴˣһΣûôõ
䣬һ̤Ϊһ⣬תʧҹС
Ҳûȥ׷Žһߵ˰ǰŹȥ
֮Ӳ֮ӣһˣԲܷӦ
ʱ̣ץסīַӦС
ϧûڴ˽֮Ѿܽλᣬ´Ӽѡ
У㣬ʱͬʱǱԶķ򣬻һЩʱ䡣
ؾͷһƳĺϣȻѸٴӶӡ
شӶʼ𣬹μۣʱܣԶĶҹķָߣУһ̣ͬ˼͵ңԶʵʲ֮䡣


205 Σ
Уμۣ䲻Ͼ٣ܾתۼ¡
ֽǰĳԽԽһ̣֮ϣ֮١
γֵɲǣȼ棬Խܼ޵ʹഫһƺΧѪѸġ
ֹУʻһص·ٳһ֮С
ظ֮ڣɫâѹ𣬿ұ֮ϣҵشŴ
谵žĵظյûаǿϢڵظ𵴳һһѹ
һѵҩУĿ
Ůαչصʱ䣬ĳϣɼͻǺεȵļѡ
ǹŮڣ԰ѹһ»ȪԵӣڣֻܿԼˡ
֪˰жãܽⶾҲô
ڵȫȪų֣һⶾҲˡ
Ӻű˰һʯУرʯź󣬳Ų
ʱһһȥĺͱɵսҲڿҪʱ̣µıɴĵĻʳѾԶ
ʹ֮УѲٰ֪֣ȻˣȫûѶϢ
ܽܳǧĽѵҲ⡣
ķƮҡϵĲ㣬صĵĻ֣̿ԽԽ˶ΪĻһսа
ߵҹģƺõ߰˰ˣȫ뿭ĺˮҵĴײ
˭֪¾ƻ᲻ı䣬ܿҪ
Ȼʱɴͻ⣬о·;УͻȻԹȥ
ͻĴñɴʱˣ֪롣
ʱ򣬷³ڽʿǰס˾ġ
һ𣬷³ʱʱϣѪĴҲ֮ԽԽࡣ
Ҳ֪Լʱ޶࣬һټӿµٶȣһп֮ǿĻʳ
ս֮ڿɵ֮ѲһԮֻǣڱ£ܿͷֱ
µﵽһǰδеĸ߶ȣ˴ģ˶뿴ɾʦǷܴ˸漣
Ա飬ƺѱòҪ
޵еǧ꣬²սʤľķľ棬ܿҪ
Ժ֮УԺδδһսƺûϡ
԰٣ǿӲ̬ҪɳǿΪʳЧ
ᣬ¶ɵɳǧŵΪ͢ǲ
ΨһϲϢʮԮµİɽˮѾ뱱սԶ
乫ѪºеĽһδ֮󣬽ʣ²򣬳ӪӪʵ
𻯹ȣԽԽѹ֣һֱ˯ǿսѣΪپϧԼʣ޼Ԫ
ǰڴˣϳЩֻײĵϹЩ˼ǿߣ޹ʧ
˵Уеˣеʧˣȴû뵽
ԣǰԵ˳񣬻ԽԽԳջʱɵѡ˱ѡ
֮Ľ޲ô״ƣ䣬Ψ־ǿ߲ǻھĵطֲпܳɹ
𻯹Уôһطݴ֮ϵ־ǿָȥҹλһֱûгֵǿߺͱ֮ʧٵ˼ʣµĸһƶղ롣
𻯹ȵĿģΪռݴأҪĿ꣬һԺǳ˵Ρ
𻯹ϣֻˣɹʦҹ
ɹʦٵƮֻ֮з²ֻ֪ǣ˭û뵽µ̬ȻǿӲԵֶν𻯹ȵλʹߴһһˡ
֮󣬺¸Ҳȥͬʧˡ
緲˵ֻҪţҹҲҴӦ¡
ۿͻڼȴ벻ǿߣ𻯹һֲϢŭǵ꣬ŵȵᣬֻҪһλǿϣǱޡ
ͬһ磬ֵڶλǿߣΪףǵȲ
ȥɱλɾʦ˲УˡˣֻҪҪĳʵ֡
ǡ
һգλǿ߳𻯹ȣűɴķȥ
ƣֻҪɱɾʦҹڴĵѹͲò𻯹ȺʱͲ赲
ظ֮Уʯ֮ڣҩҪ
ҩԻȪóȴܻתľʹǿ֮һеؼ
ʹƲѪǿҲΪʹ߻ħдѵĵҩǿ
أȪҲʼʱÿʱͻһ˰ѹƻȪԡ
˰ͻȪˣһֱҵĻȪڱ˰£Ȼʼڡ
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ڵĻȪⲻãˡ
ٴ֮һγԳ֮
ڻһʱƺһݣϸȥܾòЩʲô
ĺ׵ĽܿԽͺĺ蹵޼᲻ݣƺơ
ǣնһĺ׳֮ʱδ̫
žĵظȫչأϢ𵴣Զ֮ˮʼҡҷ
ʱţظ֮УϢԽԽǿ󣬽ɢķؼ仮һĿ̺ۡ
ԷĽֹ꽣ĹһȦȦϢͬӰʯбչصӰ
ǿλߣĺסһ֤һͬͬһ̣Բͬķʽ䣬ʯе档
ͬһʱ䣬ݴ֮ϣλǿһ·ۣѸٸɴ
ԺУԺԶӰԥ˺ܾãûг֡
ϣ˽ģǱʶǲԸ
ɵλʦ̫
ԺһСԺУʧ̾һ
óֵġ
ӵԽռƴԺĬƬ̣Բʧˡ
û˵ʲôһ˫ϵӿ𻯹ȵķ򣬹â
ӹ񲻿ɱ⣬ݴ˭ˣ°ʵû̫
ȻǰǣݴػԼǱūۡ
λ󱲣ȻڹʱֶμһЩڶԴ𻯹һϣȷʵĿ࿴
ͣд˵ȳԶʶʵС
ɴӪУ˧ڣһһؾҵؿţѪ԰׵һ˿Ѫɫƻ֮£Ե˵
ʱԶһɹǿ֮Ѹٽӽ嫰磬
ɫ΢䣬γ˧ʣԶĵӰϣһĨ⡣


206 
λ죬ϢǣγһƬѹƵأ֮⣬ñɵڽʿеһԴϢѹ֡
һӣҵ̫ǰδʣ㲻ϲȻҲǿϢ
ʦ
ǵ˼ǰǵ
˺Щ˲ܹӦġ¿ڣ
ǵȽ첻Υڶʿһٺˡ
¼ŵҹɫ£һ˶Ӫ֮ǰԶٱƽĴС
ҹɫȹԷ裬˿٣Ʈ𣬽һսûܹԤϣɵĽʿǣһȫǵľʦҲҡ
Ψʵӽ˫оǵǣͺĲ󣬾ʦǿҲͬʱӦλǿߡ
תŮնϣʵȴȫˡ
档
һӣɫһ𾪵
ǰ֮˾ȻʱҼһ档
ʱʮ꣬ϡǵ浱òǰ֮һģһ޲
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ĺ𣬿ɲҪĴ¸
Ȼƾͷ
£һλᣬֻҪ𻯹Ⱥҵ̾ͻְ´ģĽļաһλ˿ڣ
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棬ôܰ𻯹ȶԸʦǰһɫʵ
ƾһ䣬Ϣ˲佫ʮɡ
ƾжţһʧˡƽ
ٳѿ֮ҲµıɾʦˣƱͨµһߡһλŮӿڣ̵
˵棬ɡ
䣬һʱӨӨ׹ڣҫ
Сˣ׹йŹ֣򷨲֣ܺʮѲ¸˾ʾ
Ǳ˰ɣ۷壬ȥŮЦ
̫ţûš¸һߣص
Ҫˣ겻񣬶˭ûкô
˵꣬ǰһĳȻѹ¡
һ׹Ȼۻ˲ޡ
˶ʱһһۣ˻ʮ֮⡣
ͬһʱ䣬ƾгն䣬ףء
ƶһУܣ죬וּһץסƶ档
ϹŰ޲T֮ն֮ܣû뵽ƾС
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ƣ¸ǰ߶Χκԡ
ɿƶһ࣬һӭϣһƬõɱ⡣
¸˼ˣԸ״档
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һϣȻ˭زȥ¸ٴοھʾ
һΣŮӲٷգһŷ֣Ȼ
ΧϣֹǿϢǵأǿѹһС
λǿ߾սĶһɴ֮ǰݣѳɴꡣ
׹⼫һս£ʮɰ׹⣬ء
Ѫһελȹ֮ϣԳóȫʵͷţʼֲ֧֮״
Ժ֮УӻźȻ̣֮֮ת֮
֮󣬷֣ңԶַ򣬿ڵԺһˡ
ڤظ֮УչѾõ͵˫ۣܽת˲ʧ
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ʱԺ½ΣӰӹһӰӵСԺ
ӡһݣ
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ԶԺĬû뵽Ķһˡ
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εٶԽԽ죬֮Уó˰ҧһƬ븹С
һսȻޱȲңǸʱ򣬶Աñ˰ĻᶼûС
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ϧ
γīӰһǰ΢Щźһ̴صࡣ
ͻȻڳ˾һī֮ƾ̴߶ֹסѪֹ˿ڡ
ҲԶԣͻİǿߣ˿⡣
㣿
¿ԵһŻһѪƣ
ܾҲû뵽ǻֵһ죬㻹ܴ𡣡ƽ
ս⡣
²ǵѪ
Ǳãҹ֮ûдĺͱ֣֮ȰЩͽ˵һľǺ顣
ǰˣɱ
Ϊ飿µ
˵Ҳش
ǣµһЦǱ㲻˵ֻǣܳסĪҪҵĺȡ
ҲҪġ
һ䣬һǰ֡
һĨɫȻͬˡ
ҲҪ̤ˡµһ׹⣬
һһѡ
ī죬һƥֱӿĽޣֱӳƾͻŮȥ
𾪣ƶŷϣȻһײϿ֮
ѪµĽǣһҷڡ
Ӧ˫棬սһʼ˲ȡ
һߣֺ󣬷¶ٸѹҵ̫׹Ȼԡ
¸˺Զԣͬսޱȼҡ
ն֣սѣ⾳ԣ˺ޱݷȫԵС


207 һ
ģս죬Եȵս˵ĽУǿ˲ࡣ
뽣ƶƣӰսת
ɽѪҺεУȾһƬɺ졣
ӨӨ׹⻯򷨣¾һ֣ݿ࣬ƿֲ쳣е󲿷ֹ
ϣûоκ֪ˣҹʲôκĬ
һս֮˻ǵˣһ̣빲սѡ
ԽսԽͻư׹⣬īȾԽԽࡣ

ͻȻ²岻֧һģѪŻȾǰ¡
׹ⶸȻ¸ץסᣬһ̤һӡ
īһǰˣӰӣַƣصһӭϡ
Ⱦīƻһն
¸˱裬Ӧ֮䣬Ψݱܷâ
ΪӲ·磬ܴᡣ
սʱȫԸˣв֮ʱްǷ²Գóų֣Ѫͣʣʱпܱ
սĽܲλַս˵ȵزѳԽ˽֮ļޡ
ŵס𣿡ڷǰ
ްһս
ǿվӣ
ŵסãһ˿ɴĸ
ǿѹ壬׹ɢٴνʮַԲȫ֮ڡ
˳սأƶŷЯ֮ǿѹء
ŷֹһأһī޳ȴֱбɱɵ쳣
Уҵ̫ལƣ೤ʽ׹ƣ֮ɲǣ˲Ϣɢ
˫ֹǿУһһأβӦѰ
ԶɽʿսݺύӰԭսˡ
˫ͨûｻûʾ⣬ֻƾŽϱڳУͬ뽣Ϣ֮ɱ⣬ǡ
ԣ̫࣬Ĳһ̫ܸ֮ܵϢ
һƣǣ̫࣬ҪܵϢܡ
Ȼ޾ԣҹɱ̣֮ûѡΨȫѡΣζԷҲеĽ
ͬϢŶԷĽԼн֮ϣڽģͬϢͬ˼޷ֱ
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һ̣ƾŲƣܹĸˣƺ⣬´˲ɡ
¸˱ϣīͬʱ֣ѩƮ㣬һʮ졣

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ڤظűֹյʯңһĨįĹâ
ܵȲָˡ
֮ǰһṳ̂ûС
ǲܣǲҡ
̤һ
˵»벽Ϊ֮ԿԶ벽
ŵͬͬϢ̣֮֮Ⱥ嫵
ߵľ粻ܳѹƣ֮ڱ²ŵǿѹ¾硣
ǰԶһֱͻƵһ죬񣬽ߣȴֲ̤
һֻҪ̤ͿԣеΣΨдֿɼʱܵ
ڲףΪηһֱûһµɱҵֻҪ̤ɡ
ֵͬ޷̤һ
ĻʳﴦһֱӪѵĴӪУΪһսŬ
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Ԯ𣿡ʵ
ˡ
ҡҡͷһսʧԮϾָӣһַ磬ǵ׼ͻṦһ񡣡
ףĵսվҪԼؼһսΣһҪʤ


208 
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УԼôǧ˸ս˲ͬȲϱôأļҪһЩ
Ǵĵ࣬ȴźҪս塣
еʱ򣬾乫µ֮Ѹ£ǰ׷ͬΧɴ
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񣬱ĽвһЩӪսС
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޹ģǿ
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ԣڷսʱЩǷӲκõġ
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߰ɡ

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İӪǧʿһߣûвĵǧν壬ЯƵĳ꣬αϮñʮǱ
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֪֮жţȻӢ۳ꡣһЦ

˵꣬û˵һͲǼ֮ˣڲͬûǸ˼ڴίߡ
һ֪̾ǿã漴񣬰Ϣĵط
֪ǰЩӣһλаĹţλƺ㡣ٳʱһ㣬
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ǰ֪ڵظ֮УôȻҲѾ֪¡
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˼ǧԽԽ벻ס
ԹŮӵ˼ܹ²⣬ٴŮټ򵥡
ԶҰϣһǰһӰǰУŮһȹһɫܣ֮ϣİѽǰģһԼġ
ǰϢһɡ߲ˣ
á
Ӧһͣ²ӡ
Ҳ͵һʯͷԼСóӣһŵݸǰһԼԡ
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Ц߲ѧѧѧᣬҪѾͷһԣ̤ˡ
ǰҪȥİʵ
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䣬־ֻܹˣȻÿһɹһʱ´˲Сѣ־ǿ󣬸ǽ޹ߵϡ
鲻ȤԼӣĳڸʲô
ǰˡ޶˵С
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á
ɵص˵ͷεųһĨÿЦݣͬʢĻһ㣬


209 Ƶ
ɫδȫ𣬻˯еıٴαıѡ
һҹϮӪؼ׷жµｫʿŭƣĵĴ˾ʵڱ֮
н䱸ѸӦԣֵϮӪ
һĻѷ˲֪ٴΣɶԴϮӪϰԵγɷʱ̶Ҵ⡣
Ȼһαɴȴ֣Ĳװȫ
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֮һһűɵķߡ
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һߣĽҲ˳Ӫϧ۵Ľܵסһı
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ĵһ㣬ȫؼףΪҹϮӪһѡ񣬼㲻ɱҲɺܴš
һ㣬ٶȣĵȻ籱ɣʲôʱٶȶԱҪĶ࣬ǿһ㣬Ͽ山ɵȻƻǰᣬ뽫ֿɽٲãõİ취
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ĳ޳ؼ׵ıȴ޷һֱĸ߸սһͻңĶҡǵĻᡣ
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ս֮Уĳñؼײÿһܲ͸磬м϶֡
ܷսеʱҲҪģһЩûļʸ֮У͸϶˫۲֣ڷ
ıûбʸ˵ͬѪӿΪܡ
ƣٸ߶Ƚŵսн¶һĽûܺúϢıԿʼ֧֮Խȡ
׹ԽԽ࣬ڳ˴
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սĲпһ̳¶֣ս֮ϣûʴȵģһΨһдա
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ˮڣ޿ɵɱ֮ˡ
սλˮ£Ҳû´ȥ
֮ҵıȫû


210 Ѫ˳
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󣬿뽩ֵıʹӪƽס֣ˡ
ӷ𡣡
һУȶס߳ĳȣһһҡһһض
ͻı仯ôĽʿһ𾪣˼䣬֮Ȼ
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ԺˣĶҡ
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ĺͱɵս̫ã˭ʤ˭Ǹõ˸Ҫʱ


211 
֮󣬳;̤˴ıսǰԽԽ
ɴµٶҲԽԽ죬׶ΣǿһʹִŵؽűɵķĴҵ
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䣡
ٴľ죬һƬ⣬ȶסǻһĨ졣


212 ֮ս
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ˡ
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ĻʳѾԶˣǷǳɰܣĲһڡ
˶ʤ죬ⲻΥܿ˴𰸡


213 ´
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սؼʱ˶ݵͣЪ֮׶ⳡ꣬Ĭԡ
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214 
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һֱںţûп̫Ҳû̫Զʼձһľ롣
֮У˳Ĭԣ˭û˵һ仰
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Уõİ취
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215 ɲ
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216 ɽ
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֮ϣһ޴ĺڶ֣ѪΧκζȫУѪһͬΪѪ⣬ѸΡ
֪֮󣬾ɽУһӰȻ䣬ܰޡ
֮һλȥԼĪʮͯӱıسںɽŵ˺һ
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Ȼʸ񲢲Ƶģÿλһֻһԣͽ൱ı
ҴӦСʯͷҪŵġʮ¶һĨΪѣ
ۼЦЦСʯͷʮУλȷСͯӣδʽʦҲͲɽʽӣСͯһλɵ߳ʱģСɽϳҲΪʽҲֻʱ⡣
ȻŮ𰸺ʧ֮ɫƲֵĶԼˡ
̫һλĿ಻ЦڵУԱߵˣһŵӴȣһΣ̺ͻҵˣЩѾкܶƽ̺ǰϣͨһǿǲǿѡ¡
⣬һȥɨͥԺҲһλߴЦǺǵ
ɣвģһҲСһλ¸룬ش
ͷҲһҲƽ̫ΪѲǡһλ׺ӵЦ
ʦãأӽĿ⿴һԵŮӣʵ
ộȫΪԸʦɿڡ
ҲͽŮȻΪƽ


217 ɽ
УʮžɽĴҲһԾţ˽İ硣
ɽܹ̫ϣޣᣬ̫סƽ̣סǽϵҩ޵ǻ𡣡
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ĺģͬʱҲ𶯣ɶ֮Ĵڣһɽ˶ǿߣʵš
֪˾֮Уֻλ־ǿߣݴص˲١
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ʮ˼Ƭ̣Ȼûطȥ籨ΪŵھɽϴӣƽҲû̫飬ɨɨʲôģۣҪиطס

˵ͷӦ¡
ҽһЩķȻڲ΢Щǿ廹ǿԵġʮ룬
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оǧŰٽףƣƽʽӶɨʵȿȥҪкܶࡣ
ɨĺ棬ÿһͻʼɨ֮󣬱ԼסϢ
ʱһãڸɨʽӷ֣ƺòɨ
ŵӴȵӽٽɽϵĵҲæµΪ˴ŵӴ׼
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ɨǧʱͻ䣬һֲϢɽ¶ת˲֮󣬴ӵӹ
ΪԲĵӣǿ֮˷ɳ
΢ԶһЩǿ߾֮ʱû⣬ǰС
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ʦ֣ʦ㡣
Сʯͷ˳ϷɳһӰҪǰͼһۻƳ
ɫһ䣬䣬ҷȻһײϱ

Сʯͷನɳȥˤ˲棬ȴסһС
Ӱһ֪ǿ߳ˡ
ʱɫĽ⻮һߴĽ֣ߡ
ԶСʯͷൽʮԱߣȻ󣬾һԡ
ŵӸϽ˳ս֣ԸΪۡ
ս쳣𵥽ӭսˣһʱ䣬˿ռϷ硣
һ̣ҹӰѽ⣬һֱ̤̫ȥ

Ӱ̫һŭĳƽ̳֣ս֮ˡ
Ƭ֮󣬺Ӱɳ̫䣬Ѹȥ
ô𣿡
УһŮͬһʱ䣬ǧâǰۣһ绪ٻӰ
Ӱ˿壬ϣۻȻӡ
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ֲХۣһȴǳ𣬶ǱСʯͷڵķ
СʯͷһĨ֣ʶץסߵȴˣ֮ƺ
һ̾Ҫ֣ȴһĨٻӰӹֵ¿Х
ҹӰץסһɲǵĿ϶һۣʧ
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СʯͷżɽԴϵͯСʮֵĿɰСӵı˲̫ã޹֮Ҳͽȥ
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ẮķԽԽǿסȴǸеһ̹ǵĺ⡣
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ϧΪʧͨǿȥԽϣԽеġ
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Ȼϵģͱ취ȥһΡ
ܷЩʲôҲȥİ취翵ľ֮ϡ


218 
ס֮ͣˣԼҪʲô£һŲ
Ƕ֮ˣʴ֮ˣͬɽϵı磬ٷһΣҲͬ֡
ڴ˾һУû̫оҲԸ档
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һֵķܿһһʮСΪںƷǿȥŵŵأЩ
̨Ŷſ޵СϼΡ
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һδʤһδܸɴرֱ̭ӳ֡
ļ̨ϣͬɵؽţɽյϸƣܳʮ꣬кǿԣԣֻҪֳܱ㹻츳ǰҲпܱ¡
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ĵӣȻʳƽص˵ͷˣǰѡҪǣʮ꣬ǰ;
ʦܣô

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ˡ

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ҡǸСЩ֪ͣˣŵġ
üͷ壬ôҵģӦǱȽϵ͵ģçç˺һ࣬һ١
ԡԲ𡣡СİͣŵĵǸ
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㡭ˡˡ˫˫ָǰߵĶͷų
һ̾Ҳ֪˭ҵĺӣôСҲҷĵɽ͡
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ӦòϳҲðգϾ𻯹ȽֵĴ٣𻯹ҲУλѺ޲ðʬΡ
Сʯͷˣһɽϣȥק˳ʮȥһϵ
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ҩүү
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ʮݼҩ𡣡ʮһ˿һ񣬹
ǺǣʮˣȥɣһᣬһСʯͷȥġϵڣһϵƵ
ǡ
ʮӦתɽȥ

գɨĵݣԴŵӴȵǰһ쿪ʼÿ춼ߵ˶ˣҳȻҲͶˡ
ɽЩǱ䣬Ըɨء
ԼʵɽϵЩҲȥþǿʤֻͣǣ˺ºعͷѾò̫ܡ
ȥһУÿԵĶǷºĶ֣ڵϦ֮䣬һͻǧǧᡣ
ҲֹһΣһαһγأȻ󣬴ӮˣǣĴѾԶԶ
ѻزǰ޷빬ʱ򣬼ոմԽһİطûûεػš
ﻹֿ쵽ٳˣһΣϲȥˣǸСǧҪǵϺ
ˣǰһȥ϶޲ˡ
ɵѾͷҲ֪ǰȥˣ̵Щ߰ĶɵѾͷѧ
СµĻʵ۵ôµǸͷӦסĻ֮ˡ
УŮʵͦƯģΪʲôſͷһֱûüʣǴͳ𣬻ʲôأ
ĺѩ뵽һ̾Եټɡ


219 ʦ
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ûʲô
ЦЦӦ
ɨһۣһյ䵭һ˿С
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ֻǾؿţȵ˵֮󣬲ſڵҲϲѧ䡣

ƽҲ̲סŭصİŭȵ
ͷҲ˵㰮ôôء
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222 ҷ糾
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ᶯǰһ۷ϵӰڵһȥ
˵꣬ûиκ˵ĻᣬһӣһͬΪԶȥ
ϧԶھɽǧ⣬мŲ֪ɽ󴨣ϧ˴Ҫ̳顣
ɾһҹѪϴ̫𺳣˭ΪһϵĿ꣬ˣΨһѡ
ɶûпԿǿߣǣϻ̽ûȫʤ㡣
Ҫɾı緢
յĿǣҲµ˵ɾкܿܳͽȻһҹͱ¾ĸɸɾ
ϧȫŮɵɣ;ɽһӵλ켶ǿߡ
ΪߣҪϧ
һϧܵϧӵĹӴϧ֣ܿһλȥʮˣüĿ֮仹ʱķɣ鶯ˡ
ϧߵʱ΢΢һ£û뵽ǰ
һԺȲ裬Բ
еϧ˵˼仰߲ŷӦ֪ǰ˵ݡ
ɽİʦ󣬴˵鴫÷зģҲ˵
һֱûףһҪǿһѰͨΪͽ
ϧԾض࿴λϵۣ뿴˵ʲôѰ֮
ûиеκβȻﰲغԼĲ裬һ仰˵ôô


224 
ϧãҲûϵ˵ʲô֮һ㣬ΪǲֵһᣬΨһֵ͵ľݶ
ʵΪ磬ûһж
ͬεɾѪϴе˶µǳģǣû֤ݵ£˭˵
ʥʹ߲һ֮ʣΨʮ֤ݣʥزִ£Ʋó
ϧĵһ裬һź棬˵еľֿһֱȲӣйâ
ĲһһϧĽ̸û̫ȤɵΨһѡǽˣĶǿ׻
ԱߵСæĲֺʮûô˼ֻʦúкϧĿˡ
һѧ׾ϧĵȻףȻˮƽѾ͡
ˮڣ󣬻ζ೤
ԾڴĺͱͤзǱ裬ţеĲѾһһ
ҲҲζ
ʧɲǣϢԾ˱仯ϧĿͬʱ˹â̫Ծ
ܵ˵Ŀ⣬˲»ָǺƽһѹĵס
ۿǰϢָеĻ֮ɫȻ˿δղŵĸодԲһƷеѹ
ϧͬһĨɫˣ˲򵥡
뵽ϧҪĽ֮ʱѹɾĽѵĿصޡ
ᣬǰˡ
Ǹôʱ·һҲˣϢһ̸ϧһЦڵ
ٲ³ϧ˼л
ǣǸúдλͣĪҪϧԱߵλӣԸ
ǡ
λòƵŮ߳ߵǰ룡
вط²豭λϧӳȥ
ϧᣬӣԱŵһСԺУסһξ롣
ҹɫ٣ǶϧеĻ¶վǰͽ¶ŵԺеʯϡ
ӣ룡ϸ
ллع񣬿һЦ
ǰվһԣԲȷԸ
¶ǳһڣһ߰Ůӣʵǣ
˵ͷӦ
ܺõ֡
ҵļ磬һǲݣɽҰ֮УɫǳƣÿԶУĸ׶һǲݣֲԺУӽһƽǡ
ǧֻʣźԶʣй⻪ĸףǷԺУÿյźӹ
Ǿţã˵Ǽˡ
عһЦҺ˵ģĪҪ档
˵꣬ϵĻ¶꣬Ӻ̵˹ȥлдѾˣҲȥϢɡ
ǽӹӯӯһҲû˵ʲôȥ
¸գһٺԺеӰһֱվţһԶԶȥͻأվƬ£ȴȻԵø롣
ķڣϧã˵̸˿ֻ֪ǣʱϧһ䣬Ǹˣܲ򵥣ҪСˡ
֪
ףش
ϧ뿪߳䣬ڵСԺʶɨɫͻȻһ
֮УյԺ䣬ûһˡ
ӰһԺУĴ̽һһ˫΢΢
ҹɫ֮УһĨذ׵Ӱҹգűȥ
쾳֮״ȫʩΪתʧ󣬿쵽¡
򣬵ɾɽ嶼Ǵս֮µĴ꣬ѪˮȾɽ壬ԶԸܵǴ̱ǵѪ
ɽ֮£ûκͣһʧ
ɽ֮ϣһɫӰվΧҵӣãһ̾
ذ׹⻪ͣ²ӣüͷ
û뵽ôͼˡ
ҷ糾عͷǰ˺ɫͬһĨ졣
㡣
̫Сˡп
Ҫ𣿡
ҷ糾кɫɢΣΪһѪɫϸ⣬ʵ
ûдܵ顣ҡҡͷ
ǣҷ糾Цһһɢ»Ϊһɫȡ
Ĵţ֮ܣǲȫӡӦÿƲ㣬Ϊ㻹ϡҷ糾ʵ
ҲûطȥĶһν
˵꣬Ŀ⿴ߵĺˣʵҲĴţ˵սΣ
ˣĺܲңڳ
ҷ糾Ҳܻ䣬ЦһУ֣ҲǷһ֮飬ֱǰЩӣ̫ϻ顣
ˣôˣʶ𣿡ҷ糾ʵ
ҡͷûУֻǹ
ʲô𣿡ҷ糾
еĻҪǿ󡣡̾
ʮͬǿϢɾֻλ죬Ҳ˵ٳλ졣
ҷ糾ɽ·Ĳ״ĬƬ̣ڵʥػᴦôµġ
Цһ仰Ѳǵһƺʥء
ʮСʯͷ˵ĻļͻѰйᣬıݴأҲЩ
ҷ糾ͷ֮ˣüͷԾ壬Ϊζʥô
ûʲôɫѲ磬Ҫȥˣڡ
䣬һΪһĨذ׹⻪ѸԶȥ
ҷ糾ȥӰӹâûп˶ʥӡƺʮֵĲá
紵ɽ֮ϣɢΣʧ
ѺܶûлȥʥصʹǰҪȥһ棬˳һ£ʥؾҪδõɾ֮¡
ϧ᷿ߵԺУͿᾲصһƬ䡣
ҿɷһ£ҹȥ
˯ţߡƽػش
ʢҪڣȴԺĽŲ
ˣӣ룡
سʩһ񣬵
ֻջ˵ĻԺȥ
ϣʱл
һЦЦݺǳϸ
໨ϧڵȺ򣬿ǰˣüͷ壬ǣ㴫ѣΪεôá
ˡǰ²ǰ
²Ϊ°ɡϧȻǲԸ̫֣ڵ
ӯӯһת֮󣬳Цһ£˳ȥ
𣬹ϧ;ɽ֮£̸һ̸ɡϧɫ
ϴƽ
һԣ΢΢һĨĮĻȣ˵ɵˣϷݵǰ


225 ʥʹ
໨УϧŽ֮£н󿹺ֳľ취
һԣЩȴһֶš
ʱ仯ͻһɫƿأ໨Уһе
ٹ飡
ϧɫһ䣬Աߵ˫۶ˡ
˵仰һ˲ʧ
ǣȥϢϧ
ǡ
ӣ룡
ʲôû˵תȥ
ᣬǽ󣬾վһԣȴԸ
žɽйâû´Ծɽˡ
λ򣬳ǳ֣򲻻żȥ
Щû뵽ǣôٶȳ֡
ɾ֮ºеɶڳзңļʥѾʹ߳Ϊ˵¡
ļͳдʲôЭ飬ļʥļһֱʥĵλ˾٣ʥصϡ
֮ɫڣʥغͳһһǾʵܹģļͳһûпܡ
鷳ǣļЩɲ֪ʥغͳҰġ
һԣǵһ裬ǵģԻȥ
ӹ豭һŵؿǰߣôܡ
ݵ𾪺һĿŵϣһֱû̫λ񾲵Ůӣˡ
ǹܹܡɫ֣أе
ȥٻؾǡһЦ
˵ͷһѸԶȥ
תʯϵĲ豭Ϳʰã˳ͥԺ
ɽһλǿ֣ɽٴУս֮Уһ˫עǰûκεĸ鲨
ɽ̽ʢʱɳ
վ˵ǿߣĿǰδеĳأһǵסͻ֮֡
˵һ飬̽ĹһΡ
ܡƽ̳
޲ɼ
һ̧̼䣬ƾ䣬¡¡Ʊգ֮
ৣ
ɽһɫ⻪ն£ƿռƣֱǰ
Ȼ죬֮Կ֮ǿߣһ죬ռ価顣
֣ɢȥನսԣǺ
ɫѿ쳣һΣĪڽӡ
һǰߣ޵С
һ̣ϼۣһĨ绪ٻӰֻ߳ƣȻĳ
ͬԶԣصһ´Ӧѡ
ᣬȻѾɹ˵١ǰŮӣڵ
ܾ𣿡֣
ȵЩҲ˶ѡĮ
䣬һӣ֮УһиĹž֣ɫâƣ䣬ڳÿһ˵
ֻؾ
ƽ̣һû뵽ѹһ˵ֻؾ˳Ǵ⣬Ҫˡ
ס֡
֮䣬ռһλɫ˳֣гһöɫƣڼǰ
ڳ֮ˣһ̾ͷȻϳеơ
ļʥʥصʹˡ
Խˡ˺ֹ
˿Ϊ죬ʥز֣Ҳı䲻˾ˡ
𣬼ء
Уɫ⻪ʢһӰ߳Ѫ쳤ڷ趯޺쵶⻯ΣĿ˲ֱӡ
۾΢΢𣬵ҷ糾ĪҪΪлһΣܻڶΡ
ҿһԡҷ糾ش
䡣ʱһӰ߳
ɫ΢䣬ˡ
һֱλǿѸȥ
ʧļˣ˾٣˺ƤĻܿͻ
ʥʹˣлƽǰһ񣬵
ļʥʹҡҡͷҸģû뵽Ѳ˵زʥصҲ
һԣҷ糾δȽ˵лһʧ
֮⣬վһϣ̫ǰļʥʹйâ
ʥڲˣ뿴ļʥغͳⳡϷҪȥ
֮ȥ֮»ָƽһˡ
ϧᣬ֣ʱǶһ¶طʯϡ
ӣ룡
л
¶һڣǰŮӣǹܷңôģ
óǵΪŲƷűߵʱʵ㲻ϳɫȻһͨŮӣȴ𾪡
ɫ¶һĨǳǳЦݣҲû˵վѸ֮У·ʱʧһ㡣
Ƥݺһ壡¼䣬ʡ
ΪŮڤӵĹڤѾˣû뵽ֳһ壬ʱЩǧѵһҲñضǡ
죬𣬾ܷ֮ȻΨе⡣
ӵе֮ˣͶؼкǿ׺Ϊ;ȡ
Ҳ˵ǰ񾲵Ůӣ˵һս쳣ֲĴڡ
ʧ
ЦҺãûеλŮӣȻӾʹˡ
ӿ
ɹ񾲵ЦݣӦ
ͻȻһͷɫŹֵǹﲻҲǵɣ
˳ƣãҪٳһ壬ײǽˡ
ҡҡͷǡ
˿ã仹ͨ˶һЩ
ӣϢɣˡ
ʰʯϵıӣӯӯһԺȥ
ٴδһǿԣʵڲԸһλ֮ˡ
ĳ̶ֳ˵ֲһƣ㲻ڤŲ֮ǵĸ֪̫£ͬһڴʵ˸ɵ¡
̤֮£ùᣬϧˣȴһ۾Ϳ˳֪ص׺ǺεȵĿֲ
Ҳһ£һ壬ϧʵ͸ǿһЩǰҲС鷳
еǰǣϧǷԿսȻĴڣݴ˵һµв
ıļʥǿƣЩɶЩ֣̿ΪΨһܿƲóļʥأƱػΪ䡣
ûпļͻ׼ǿͳһļǿʥصϣɳ֮ڶɹ˳ʥ֮¡
ְ취ףǰ߻ļͳһҲĺܶһְ취Ȼ޶ȵıļʵպսʼжٴɻʥصĵǲδ֪֮


226 ֮Ե
ļ죬ǰһ㣬ϧܲˡ
ϧҲдţ˿
ҲŻȥÿǵʱЩ졣
ϧҲ֪£ôҲһǿ߶ԸԵĵд
ǵǺȻǰûκεĲ֮ͬһܰ˵ʱҲǸһ񾲵ĸо
Ӧ죬еĹоһЩʱƽ
Ҳ᲻ʱȻʵǰӣһߴߴ˵ûˡ
ܶʱ򱻳ԴְֱǵĴڣ˵ػ
Ƕú۰ʱ򣬶һֱվһԿţϹŵЦݣ˵һ仰
𡣡
ס
𣿡
С
㵱ΪҪӲϰΪʦ
㡭
ĲУͰ˵һЦӯӯǺȥĿڵʵϧ
ϧеӵġź˵
ǺǵؼЦһѵһ̫࣬ûȤаŮװϧ
ҪϢˣ°ɡһֱ˵￪ڣ
Ŷ
ӦһһСԺȥ
ϵЦһʧ
ǻͷһۣһĨǳЦǰȥ
ɽ⣬һ߷ϣ֣ĵصļʥʹ
¸߹ң΢΢Щ⣬ԶľɽһƬʥʹߵĵٸ´һЩġ
˻ţ㳤һλپĻʥصĲ֣ȻҲ̫
죬ÿû˿Ĳġ
ڣóֵˣˡ
ҹɫʱ֮⣬һɫļʥʹ֣һ·жȥ
߷֮ϣһ֮ȥ
ɽﴦļʥʹֹסӰصԭء
ûãһõӰ߳˽̸Ƭ̣ȥ
ļʥʹûκε飬ٳžɽ򷵻ء
Ȼߵһ֮ʱһӰƾճ֣ǰ
ļʥʹüɫһ䣬ѹвĸоˣߴطˡ
ûܾˡƽ
û̫ķϻ˲ʧƻۣһƿա
䣡
ӣռ侪ս֮ʼ
ҵĴսɳǧɣʯ飬ֲನݻٴ
ļʥʹ𾪣ʵǰΪλǿʵ
ָΧ֮Ӳļʥʹ
ʱǸȾ졣
һѪɫƾڵΪȻлҪѾ
ļʥʹɫǳ쳣ʵ벻ǰ˾˭ֻкƷΪȴǿ˾˵ĵز
֮Ŀƣ·硣
ˡ
ļʥʹϣѸȥ
ߵ𡣡
һߣӰһΪһĨ׷ϣһն䣬ݡ
Ȼ죬ļʥʹʮ֮ϣһµĽ۳֣ɼǡ
̫
ļʥʹŭǣ֮γһɷ֮ƣ
𣬽һ̤ƹ⻪ڣͻȻѿѺۡ
֮תǧء
ȻĴأļʥʹ¶ʱȣݵһ˲䣬ĴѿмѸٺ£
һļʥʹû֮Уʧ١
֮ļֲ֮ء
Ƭ֮󣬴֮УһŭĺļʥʹȾ죬Ǳ쳣
һ˲Уַתصһƣٴν֮ϡ
һ̣һ̤ӰʧļʥʹǰһŲ£˲һ
ֲľʹļʥʹԳܣͫ͵һŴȻ˹ȥ
ǰ˼£ӰʱʧںҹС
ϧᣬʱɫѾˣ֮У˸˲ˮǣ˺ˡ
Ȼһߴߴ
Ƕϴõˮľ֮ϣһë׾ѩ
ӣ룡
¶һĨΣôȥıŤ
ǹЩԼС
Цһλ켶ĵΪ˲ˮʵЩ졣
Ҳ˵ϴЦݣվһԡ

ʱһ֡
ϴء
ûӦһǰˮϻһѣԸôͲôࡣ
Ψһͬһǣһһǡ
ϴ֮ǰľ裬ȥ
ǰ￴֮Цһı߽ӡ
Ǳһºòá˷ܵ
⻰Ҳ˼˵û
ѾͷôģƷƷ졣
һѹΪģԲ۸㡣ظĵ
ȣûȤԥؾܾ
߰ɣͱһ
ֱ֣Ӳǰߡ
ŮܲףһŮӣӦ֡קţУҲУѵ
֪
ͬӦһ䣬ϰſ˼ûУʹק
Ƭ̺קˣٳСԺʱǣһ㣬͵شɫ
ϧǻһֻЦţ˵Ҳֹ
˺ܿϧ䳡䳡ϣкܶϧĵİӳ֣ؿһۡ
ں澲ظţ֮󣬲顣
İɣһᾡġŵ˵
εЦһۼص˵ͷ
ۼ˱ԣϧĵɢóһƬط
ʲô˦˦еĳޣЦ
ɨһϵڶǰγһľɡ
ҲûСǱд裬㵽Ϊֹ
Сˡ
г˦ת֮󣬳ͬһ
ϧĵǶЩŵؿһս˵Ҳ飬ֻ˲һɵΪǣǰʵ̫˵㣬ܽӼУû˿ĳ
̧ľ㵽ǰ֮ʱ֮ڣ޵жȥô˼϶ųǰľžϡ
ʹһֲԾɿ֮ϡ
ս˼ƶʱɢ࣬ŻûӦ˵һ䣬ܾˣֻǣǻһԣʹȵ
ϧһȻûô¡
㣬ղû׼ãһΡعͨͨС֣
˵ͻһϤϢʱ񣬽ľ·Żرϡ
һԣǿڣ
ﲻôˣ˹ȥ
ӣԵټ
ǴǰЦЦڵ


227 벶
ˣȥ
໨УǺﰲվһԣУŲ֮ɫ
ϧ̸˼䣬ȥ
￴뿪۾˺죬СĸĿȥҲ죬Щ֣Уһܺõѡ
һ񾲣ϵЦޣܵ˿
ȥʮ
ʱգ֣ʮϷЩ΢ı仯ԭ벽ΪٽС벽ʱп֮С
ʮһ˿ǣ·ڵʲô
СʯͷҲڣСһͯ٣ʵʦôˡ
СʯͷܵʮӰ죬Ҳߣʥʹ֪ʱ뿪˾ɽڻû
˵ͷõģʥʹǿߣµģмҪ죬ûüƽ̴к
СʯͷӦһܿ»ָ飬ûûεسȥˡ
ڵĳ𣿡ʮʵ

ʮ̾һʥʹ뿪һͳյϢض޹˼ɣ
ϧ̸ý֮£ֻҪϣسҲο
ϣˡʮЩε˵
ЦЦٶȰο˼뿪󣬳ȥ
壬վڷϣԶйâ
ûȥţߵһߣ
ҹɫ䣬ɾվһ
䣡
ʱһǿӰھ֮⣬֣һ˴赲
ƽ̺иУһ߳֮ϡ

ϣ˫ַһӵӡǽǧﴫ
ϧͬʱиУӰһ뿪໨
ȻϧҪɲǣһս׵Ӱ֣ǰ
ҹҲȥˡ

ϧɫһ䣬ˣھɽ
޻ι¾
һ˲䣬ϧͷȴʼ벻˴
ϣῴ˹壬⣬Ϊλ֡
̫ɫâڣ̽ɨһֲĹ⻪
֮Уһֳֻؾѹ̽ˣһ֣Ƶ
ãȴȻƣ˲ս֮ϡ
ֳֻؾǿ߶ᣬ˼ս֣ս˲ȣսľ춯ء
ϼҵĴսûκε֮ɫ֣Ȼϵ˾ϧĽˣ˿Ӧ赲ϧǿߵ
һˣкļʥʹѱˣɲκô
죬ҪɽۣϣԸ
֮ϣսԽңǿԽսԽʱ˲ˡ
ʧȥֻؾѹƣ̽·ϣս־˷תļ
Ԥϵıûг֣ԽսԽô¡
һǰǿߣӰһû̽Ľ֮У弱ڣʱɫâʢͬһֽɫ𣬹̫档
ٵǿһ̾ԣ̽е֮ݵһ˲䣬ޱƽ˵е֮
˵壬̱ɫķâ͸Ψֳֻؾǿܹ߱һ٣Ǳ
ˡ
ǿѹڲϷӿѪ
ߣôסһƺ䣬ͬʱȾѪɳΪԲˣڲ֧֮ϡ
ˡ
ؼʱֻ̣ؾ¶̽ƣǿͬˣǿһƣѸԶȥ
ڵϣɫһ󼱾Ĳ԰ףǴѪȻղǿд߶̽ԿˣҲ˺ܴĸɡ
ƽ̣ｻˡ
һӰһѸٳȥ
ϣڷһĨâ룬첽С
ˣӰһʧ
ɽ⣬ǿߺλǿ߼ٶУųȥ
һ·̣ٶʵ̫죬һᣬ㲻Ӱ
ûãӽյһսӦֲԶˣ뾡и
ļһֵλǿߣݴ˵Ϣ
ļͻǧټƵѰҵλǿһƿ֮Ľޣ־ȫûбҪԶֻ취һ־С
ڣ˵˫͵ŵӰһĨɫŵһɲǣܵһ޵ɱ
ǵһΣΪʲôĪĺͳйϵ

ɲǵķһƺߣһѪŻϢȲ
⣬ܵ˴֮ҵϢһǰŵǿ˹ѹٻӰ̧𣬶ʱ˷۶γһֲĽ⡣
ɱңȳһѪɳƵ
ҡҡͷɫޱĮԥ
Ϊʲô
һʱ䣬һ߶ӡķ
Ȼһзֻͽִ᷸ͣ󣬷˲ֹһٴΡ
ð׷ˣӡҸոսǰѾϵᣬƽ
Ϊʲô
ʵĪǱɽΪɱң
ٴҡҡͷǣɱͷֻǸղʱ⣬ܷһֹ壬޷̤־Ǹõİ취
ǳˣᰵоȫѹڵƣ
һ˲䣬ӰӹָϣһѩɵĽ룬߸ո۵Ԫٶȱ鿪
Ȱ㻹ǲҪнҵͷɿ֣űѪˮȾѩɫղŵ⣬ҿԺȷĸ㣬Һͳûκιϵ
һ̣һֱɻҲõ˴𰸣ԭ䱸ԭ򣬾ڻǳˡ
Щ˵Ҫ
һĨɫǳˣΪλзѪϢУΪɱ
һλᣬⲿֹܷסͿĻش𡣡ǳ˵
һգļͻְͨĵ·ô
˵꣬վǰһ˫˵ʵĴ𰸣ǣһѡˣҲ顣
δ⣬Ĭ֮󣬿ڵʲôʱҶܺͻ֡
ᣬô㣿
һߣţԶˡ
ûٶʣǰγѱȾѩһӣɢȥΡ
ϣպ㻹ܼסĻ
䣬תȥܵشʱڣԸϧҲûбҪ¡


228 
߳֮ɢΣʧ
˼һƬʢ
ǣļʥǣУȥͨûκ
ΪļĴ֮һʥضڣһֱȾӵһ
ҲļĲ֮ͬļɽΪ磬ݴϣκɣҪƻȨ֮£ҲҴȨ͵ߡ
ļʱ˴ĺճǿиıһ档
ˣĿģһ취õһЩļʥصϢһʥ֮УڶҲĿǰҪ£Ѱһڽ
Ȼĺ׺ǰ޽ʤнҲֻܵ仰һƨҵһںʵĽֽ׶Ҫ¡
Զǣ¼Դء
У֮һ콳ʥأҲʥصĿ䳤ϣ콳֮ʥ⡣
Ƚ϶ԣؽҪԲһЩ⣬һ֮ر
ҹ֮ʱ콳УʶɨеһǿϢһλ쾳ǿߡ
콳УǧټƵıһ̨ϣǹꪣһһȫ
ѰҺܾãգʧҡҡͷתȥ
ؽһλݵͷվȼյĻ¯ԣش£ÿһ¶Ƭǡ
˭뵽⿴ȥƽͷµĵؽ
¯ԱߣСͯ۵ͷ󺹣˵ûꡣ
ʦЪɡСͯͷʾ
ټһᣬܿͺˡͷͷĨ˰Ѻڵ
һʱǰô˵СͯԹԹ
СӼҼҵģһ඼ԲãٷϻȻûԡͷһеѵ
Сͯ㬵صͷٶ˵ʵ䡣

žҹһһĴԺлصĽУһӰƾճ֣صһԡ
СͯӿͻȻԺڵӰɫһ˫ֲԾͣ
žһֻ£СͯԴϣʱСͯӳʹһŤͷؿһͷ
ҿʲôؽû˵
СͯӾ˾죬˫ּ䡣
ĵһԵţ˫ۿڶһڽƬ֮󣬱ջĿ⡣
ʱһȥеΣȥƽ棬ˮ֮ȴɢһ˲⡣
ߴˣٵؽ֪кιɡؽһԣϱܣ
ܲһϢǰʵһλ֮ǿߡ
ǰ󽣡
ؽ߻ػ¯ԣƽһѡ
һ֮УһīɫĽһ˳
ؽһۣ󽣣Ϊβѡһѡ
ḧǰĽʺҡ
¼̫࣬ͬظеһ񽣣ǣģǿҲá
һ£˽㡣ؽ
ؽǰ뽲ƽ
ʯľҪһ꣬ʥصǿػǷǰȥԼȨ⡣ؽʰŻ¯ϵߣƽ
룬ͷᾡΪ
˵ֽ꣬ͻУһѸԶȥ
ذӰʧںҹУСͯŸ˵СʦղǸˣһλ𣬺ᰡ
ؽǯȶߣ磬źܶ࣬˵Ҳ٣ÿ˶ԼļֻԼ£Ľˡ
СͯӰ붮ص˵ͷЩ⣬ֺ˵ʲô
ʯԶһǧ֮⣬ǺһƬɽʯ᾵յء
ʯܴһ޼ʣɫϣһεĺɫʯͷ飬ԶԶȥͷ·һƬɫĺ
һʯͷĺУĵѰľټ
ʥǿߵϢǿߣǿڲԼѱ˲ϸӦܸܵʯֵǿѹ
ãڲ鿴ľڣӰһǰ
ٽľٲ֮ǰͻȻͣ½ŲϢȿҡ
ԵĮĻںʯлصϲȵذʥǿüͷԾһ壬˳
ǣİǿߣ첻Ҵ⣬Сʵ
УһɫƳּ֣䣬ɵǰǰ
ӵƣʶɨ̹ع
μʥʹ
һľ豾𣬲󡣡ڵ
üͷٴ壬Ҫľʲô
ʥʹԵȡ칧һתľǰƴ߶䣬һľ
⽫ǰߣһȡľһ߰н䱸
Ȼʼվվһûκ쳣
һᣬнԷһЩˡ
ʥʹպá
ǰļʥľ˹ȥ
ӹתһԶȥ
ǰ߽ԶȥıӰεҡҡͷڣԽԽˡ
ؽؽСͯӶһ㶣Ҳ̫ˡ
ؽǰֳŵóľ
ؽɫЩŹ֣ҪѡǰѽԶԶȲеľ
ЦЦľҲܰһѽûеؽǰ񼼣һľͷѡ
㲻øͷҹԻҲһסؽ֣
ԱߣСͯкݺݵرһͷ㲻һײŹ֡
ؽվǼ֮ˣڵ֮󣬺ܿͻָ˵ʵҲȥ콳ľһٰѽҲԥһ¡
ǣһЦ룬˭֪콳ʥ֮ˣʥصĶȴ콳Դˮ
ؽǰļµһ˶ĽҿϡԻ
ؽһЦСӵƢܶͷӵθڣȻһǰҲռСӵıˣľȡ֮һʣµ֮Ϊһѽ
лؽǰ¶ϲɫ
Сͯһ¶ͷͷ̫ûеֿˡ
СͯӲ֪ǣؽһķл࣬ᱻһûŪԺֻΪһλߣںܲܶͳƷľԸܸһ
ңϣÿһλߵλߣĴĻҶҪͿд׵Դҹһһж㹻أؽȻԸŹ֣ȴҲǲʶô֮ˣͳҲҪã͸ˣ͸΢˳һЩˡ
׼˰պ󣬵ؽСͯغüңȥ
ľѾ޷ãҪȥѰһλѰæ


229 
ߣһƫƧĵ򣬵ؽʱһªСԺǰ
ܷǳߣɽʯݣϿȣʲôУûһ˿
֪ʲôʺ֮ء
ΪԼ͹͵ˣû뵽бܲصġ
ͷˡ
СԺ֮ǰؽһɤӣԱߵֱ졣
ͷһûô
Уľ֨ѽһƿһλݿµ֣߳ΣȺ۶յģȥᡣ
Уǿ죬⿴ò˵Ҳһλϵǿߡ
ŶСޡ
ͷҲע⵽ؽԵʮǿߣʵЩˡ
ݼǰ
ȭһоȣصĲм֮޵֮ϣݼֺͶ˾塣
һۣһֱסȥΪԷ˻ɡ
ǣͷɳһЦһԱߵĵؽ˵ͷ²˵ɣʲô¡
ؽɫһá
ͷɫһõľ
ؽһ֣һʵľ֣ȣʮ־ˡ
ͷǴ˵еľȻͬ졣
ôõģͷʵʣľģʥصıͷҲһˣȴʼûа취õ
ƭġ
ʵ˼죬ܿͻᱩ¶ûκ˵ѵıҪ
õǡ
ͷЦЦתΣ
˳ȥûãһ޴ĹֳǰԼʮɣס
ȥɡ
ͷ֣ӰΪû빵֮С
ǿÿһɣ¶Ⱦͻɱߡ
Ӻ˽£ǰһ޴ĸ̨ӿɫȣԶܸоǿֲȶȡ
һĨâ𣬿ȥƺǽػĻ棬ʵء
֣ΪͷݶȻͬһ㡣
ؽǰֽľ֮У˫ֽһӡǣʱұ֮ϣɫķĳ֣ͬһ㣬Ѹֱۡ
һ˲䣬ؽϢڣֱ벽֮ͣ
۾УЩСؽˣܷؽ֮ȻԼĲ֮
ѣˡؽһ۲Զͷص
ͷûκηϻΨһ̧һǿƥȶΧܵǣûǰĻ֮С
̼䣬ɫѸټɫΪīɫ
ؽŻ֮еľȴ仯һ̡
ʱһȥ֮Уľһɫ翪ʼ֣ܵǰȴ
һ˲䣬ؽУһī޴וּһľϡ
ȻУľ˳翪ʼӣ΢΢ıЩ״
ﬣ
һ죬ؽеľ޴ٴ£һһڶġ
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һһȥ֮УľһձһīɫĻӿȣʱţѾȥɫתڵīɫ
ʮգ֮ϣƾۼһưô£Ȼδ˵ϣ㱻ڿµ¶ɾ
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֮ļʥ֮Уλǿ߳죬ȫѰټ
ںʯʥصǿǰȥء
ʥʹʧ٣ľƭʥǧ״ܵôƺ裬죬еķŭѾǿҵѹơ
Ϣ»ȻеĴɶʥص𾪣š
ɽΪʥλǿߵһĵطΪļʥʹʧ֮ǰֵĵطǾɽ
˼죬ҲûвʲôõļʥʹΪھ϶˿
Ψһµʵȴû˵仰ķչ
Ҳ֤ݣҲܽھ֮ϣϾѰĴɣλʵǿᣬӽ֮ǿߡ
ϿУѽĽѽ˵ʮգľںɫĻнΡ
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һǰָ֣һεѪ׹뽣ϣѸû뽣֮С
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һֱ¸գʮյĽҪˡ
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һµɲǣ֮ϣѪʢһȻȻˣʱѪӿ
зƣ˲仯¡¡ҡ
죡ؽɫһ䣬ٵ
ǰһץסڶٵľȫȻǿѹӿȵĽ⡣

ʹĳУ֮䣬һƬѪӿķųεĽֱ֮УǿûȥѪ쳣
ϣľƥΪʱ졢ءѸֱƷ֮Ż
ʧڣҲֹ֮ͣ»ָƽ
Զؽֱ۴ûĽƣһĨοûа׷ѡ
СӣѰãѽܳɳ̶ֳȣͿԼˡؽ
лǰһ񣬵
ˣ⻰Ҷˡ
ؽͷ˻֣תߵѣڵͷЩˡ
ͷЦЦ֮͡
˵꣬ͷý𣿡
֪
³֣ش
ؽͷһ飬ֵҲû̫оһֶѣֻҪаèС
˼ϢһʱͶ뿪ϿȣͷԼСԺؽǸȥ
֮˻صǣǵķô¡
ļʥʹʧ֮£·ˡ
ؽУСͯһ߿ԱߵһСؽЩӷ˵һ顣
СͽĻؽŹֵؿһûһƽȲûϵСӾǳô¡
СӣûǷὫʥءؽڵ
ؽǰˣңǰʥƺҲûжٺøСЦһɵ콳ԲôºȲ衣
Сӡؽ
˵Ȼܣ
СͯƲƲ죬ƤϺꡣ


230 
ʹ֮Уһλȥʮ֮ϣʥ´Ϻⲻۼ
ûԸˣһ
֮˯ļʥ̫ãܸġ
ʥҪҵλǿߣȤ뿴ôˣȻļʥͷ϶
ˡ׿ڣ
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׿еʥⲻ˵ı£û˱øóһҪҵһλǿߣѶȻӴ١
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üͷȻڵʲô׼ʲô⣬ȴ벻취
ؽǵͶˣȻû̫ϵϾľҲ֮һǰһϵơ
ûȥ㣬ʥؿܻĻر֮һľ
ΨһľǴһıϻľֻһ֣ʣµĲϣҪ취
뵽ؽ̧ͷȴҲڳü飬ʵСӣʲôأ
ôľҲعʶػش
ؽȻãʵʱβһƭ
һǰߣбһ£ʯڵʥػֲɵҪһǲףҪʨӴ󿪿ڣ϶ɡ
ؽЦЦЩҲã㻹ݰɣʥѾ㣬ûкõİ취ؽҲزá
磬ɢȥεΪ¶
Ʒ
ؽƤݺһϵ¶һĨ֮ɫ
СͯΪܵͣɿʲôʦŵɫ֮֡
Ϊλˣ
ؽʮֲʵǼΪ;ô࣬˵Ҳûš
˵֮ҲҪݣֻҪ֣ǿҲʲô˻ỳɵһƷϡش
ؽ˼죬ǹУرࡣ
Σؽ룬ڵ
¶һ˿ԵĽ䱸ؽǰ˵
һҪһֲϣѰΪرҿԴӦκһؽоջ
̽ʵʲôϡ
ؽ
Ӷ˶ԭǴգϵõһⶫ֪Ҳֻܸɵۡ
ƾһˣҪҵϣ̫СûоܾȴҲ˵˹ǣﲢǴģϢޣ䣬ϢԴһֱϡ٣ܲ׻á
ҿ԰һˣһܰæؽ
˭ʵ
ĳޱؽ
۾𣬵ؽǰĹϵҪҶӦֻһ仰飬αҪôȦӡ
ؽشܼ򵥣Ϊ콳УǿҪ˼ʥصĴڣ֣ܳԣҼͨѰ˳Ҳ޷û
ҴӦ΢Ƭ̣Ӧ
ؽ˵Ľ֮⣬˵һС飬Ҫæ
һ棬ͷĵλͣĳŵպ˵ﵽܴæ
Ӧؽο쳣Сӻġ
Ȼܿ죬ؽ·뵽ʲôϵЦѸٽԥƬ̣վһ¡
СӣԸЩ죬Ҫ׼һҪ̡ؽίѵ
üͷһ壬˵ͷĲ٣λҲֻǺĹϵڵؽǰϣ΢һ¾С
ʹ֮УһλŮ֮У쳣ĳڣЦʼչϣֻǣе̫࣬ŮλŮ̵ͷӲԾ󿴼èһ㡣
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Уޱһµǿ
λϵĶ˻ģһ᲻ϧһдŪ֡
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֪СŮǰкιɣޱһ£Ц
׿Цһ´ʥص˹ȥ
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£ʥص˭ҷޱν˵
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εҡҡͷãǻۺû˵Ϊʵڲ˹ά
ãȻ֪ޱһ򣬵ؽͷ᲻ӦҪ濼һ¡
˿̣ϺѼȥСͯӵĻ˵ͷһ첻ϼͻ̹
֪ؽĹͷܻЩ񱣬Ҳϡ档
СͯӱŸյֵī೤Ȼ˼£˳֣㹻ˡ
Խʵûô̵Ҫ󣬵Ȼĺ׺ǰ˵
룬콳еЩϣգؽ˵ЩҲȫǹά
ѽһļʥʹּ죬ͲôôѾ
ΨһЩϧǣڵĽڻ޷ãľ⣬Ҫܳʱʹżá
⣬ʯľ취Ū֡
ľӵмӴΪңõľڵĽҲкܴ
ֻǣļʥضԺʯıȻܣҪٽȥѶȿ϶С
شǰԺһؽĻӳճһƬɫĻ⣬ںҹ˵ҫۡ
ǰԺߣڵؽǰȥ͸͸
£ɾƨٻؽͷҲ̧˵
³Сͯһȴžһƴͷϣʹز˵
ͷһΪһԶȥ
Сͯ͵͵Ľһ£ʲôʱز
ʯʮ⣬֣Զһ޼ʵããʯ̧𣬷ƾ䣬һۣɲ֮󣬽ӳ춯ء
۵ĽХۣʻһֲĽۣȻʯ֮С

ŭȴһ̣쳣ǿϢҫ۵Ĺâ𣬳ŽԴͷ׷
֮󣬶˵Ⱦܡ


231 ޱ
繳߹Ҿ죬ҹɫ֮£⼱ٱۣһǰٶȿ쵽£һ֣תۼš
˴ҹֱ콫ʱ˦
λʥǿߵǵɽ֮ƣ׷ȥѸٻعʯ
ȥλʥǿߣתǸȥ
ļʥعȻ˽䱸ҪõľҪİ취
ؽСͯӸղ𴲣ԺؿһۻûκηӦ۾˹ȥ
ˣ˸ţغܿͻйؽ߳ڵ
ͷӦӦ£Ȼᾡ
֮ʱһλСŮǰȥ
ؽæŴûմˣͷк͸СŮȥ
һ޹ȹޱˣϹѶЦ⡣
ӣ
䣬ޱǲһԵĹŮ赹ˮ
ƤֱŮ˲Ӧ
ڵؽͷû͸¶ݣȻŮ˵пܸˡ

ޱӦġޱһЦӵϵпԿõϵΣޱЩ棬ǰƺû˵ӵ֡
æȻע۵ͨˡһ˿΢Цش
ޱһߣСӣؽʲôʱһһ
û˱ؽͷƢ첻˵ӲˣͻȻ֣ȷʵɡ
׼ˡʱһλСŮ
ӣ룡ޱ˵
֮п˼һЩ飬λϢͨˣƿ鱨Դڵ˵Ҫ
ӵؽͷУܸоļʥصĹϵϿôǢ
ʵҲǺ飬¼䣬ûκһĸԸơ
˵һϢޱݲùϵԺ϶вСİֻǣŮ˲һʡ͵ĵƣҪæ϶ô򵥡
֮ϣټĵֻˣޱǲеŮ̺һԡ
ޱ̫ů֮ƣֱлڣùϵˡ
ò˵ȻһֱǵЩ֣Զͬ˵侲վֻвʮͣйŮ֮飬ʵ̫Ӧ
ǰƨˣֻǣȴô
ޱ֮ԱΪµǿֶֻι˶ѣһ˫۾ͬ쳣̾ͿղŻ侲ˣЩĲȻ
ޱһĨΣյĻȣͺãֻҪ㣬ͿΪá
Ȼǰ˿ȥû̫ĵطио˾Բǿȥô򵥣ֱûгһҲһ
ۼرܿһЩ֮ľ΢ȻޱôϷ͵ߵ΢΢㵹ٴȥ
֪УŲ˰ӣޱǵЦҲԽԽΣա
ۿǰ߻ܣޱһ˫ֱ۲ȥӣ㿴ȥңôˣޱֲ㡣
ܵʪϢȻ㣬ȴһ˫޹ǵֱۣͬһϣ
ˡǰܿӴ˵
һ̣ޱӶ˿䣬˿˿Ʈ֮䣬ҲûӱܵĿܡ
ӽӲãɫ»ָƽúȾƺȾƣóԲ˳Բˣզզء
ޱ΢΢죬Сˡ

һλСŮŻææƺŵĻʧɫ߶µع
ޱֱӣϵЦʧƽʲô£
ˡС
֣ޱüͷԾȻԴ˺ܲð
˵ѾϢˡޱڵ
Ǻǣޱα˲顣
ˬʵЦУһῡʵӰ֣оƣֲʧʾݵĲ
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232 ˫
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234 ˫֮
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235 ˵Ϣ
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СͯľսؽüͷҲԾ壬С˵ʵᡣ
ݵ
ʱǰ֮⣬ͨСͯɫʱΪ֮һ䣬֪Ŀߵʦ
˵ҪŹݡ
ʲôȥǰá
ؽǳһתǰȥ
СͯѸٸϣʱĵؿһ۷䣬оǵǡ
ǰ֮УһȹޱȺ򣬽ĵʼչһĨֵЦ⡣
Сͯɸ˲赹ˮؽڣٵĿҴĻһԺʲô¶ҪСȥ
СһءޱСȻһЦʵ
ڻ·
СͯӼǣش
ؽϲЩ飬ʰԼһ񣬶֮³ţСôӦ
ˮһһСͯӺڿ죬ޱıӿˡ
ޱ󣬾ͿʼЩɣСͯӣЦеصС㣬ͽ˵ʵȥˡ
СͯӼĶͷֱðѲ£ȱ𼱣ȥһߡ
˵꣬СͯתԺСܹȥ
ޱűеĲ裬һĨ˼ĹâôЩԣСһﲻһ˵ѵˣ̫
ҪôڸУҪôǳʲô顣
ԺСͯǰתֲŴš
Ƭ̺ޱŷǰתȦСһĿֱ˺ķС
ʶɨҪһô£һ̣֨ѽһ򿪣Ӱ߳ϴһ˿º͵Ц⡣
Ǹùµȼˡ
¡
ޱۣǰߣʲôطԡ
ǰССһͦ飬˲ʱ䡣
СͯһЦ͵͵ĨһѶͷϵ亹ˡ
ޱϸع۲ţãڿĸطԣʣڵ˵ĸоЩ翵ңԶ֮У̫ʵ
ˣվս㾡ȫƶϢһʱ䣬޷ȫΣŻЩƽյĸо
С㣬·ƵĲˣȥһƵġޱЦһл˵
Сͯ˺죬˼΢ͷ
˿Լ·ϵ֮ΣѪ𿪣ĵطûа취ˡ
С㣬ȥΪ粹һޱڵ
С֮ͯɫӦһ첽Զķȥ
ޱԼ쳣һ֣£ȥǰðɡ
ޱͷתǰȥ
ǰãڲԣСͯҲ˻߽ޱ
ӣɡޱ
΢ԥƬ̣ǽ£˹ȥ
л¡صл
֮͡
ޱЦЦӹ·شô˵˶Ҫ£Ķ󣬶ңڸղţٴθоСˡ
ϵļۣѾޱܿǵѺۣٿǰͬѿڣбһЩ
˵ޱҲûжʣЩ飬ʶˣֻӸҺͻԣûκαҪ
֪£֮˻ȥ飬ֻҪ֮Уù˫ۡ
ӿһ£ǰ죬Ͻһλýǿߡޱڵ
أ
ϢոĲ豭ȻѣˮɢһĴƬģӿֵѪˮ
ޱ̧ͷǰε𾪣üͷ΢΢
ӣСһЩ
ޱеǰӻóһ˿øɾǰϵĲˮѪˮСĽ˿ڰ
˵ȥǿѹеĲ


236 
λǿ֣߳˵µϢ
Ϊλǿ֣߳û̫ᶼɱ
𻯹ȵλãĵطֻλּǿ߾ͿԴһͨ
ļ֮λǿߣһλļһλֵλôݴ˵һѡ
ޱǰߵķӦǼ˵ȥ
˴ǰļûκεϢͻȻһ㣬һ»ᣬʲһλʮ߰Сһ𽣼ܣڽÿһѲͬ
ǰϣλǿϽֱ֮ɱˣҰܶ飬ˣһˡ
˵ޱתȴȵķ֣֪ʲôʱѾվϾ֮ɫ֮ŻҪǿҡ
£뿪ˣǸ䣬ùδõ첽˳ȥ
СͯӿĿ⣬޴룬ȴ֪νͣǰ֮⣬ؽһ߽̾Уڵ£ذɣȥаݷá
˵꣬ؽûж˵ʲôԽ
ޱͷɫص뿪λӶϽ֮£Ӧƺǿҡ
ޱʻظյ鴦͸ŲͬѰҪúһ¡
ҹ֮ʱһ鱨Уޱɫٴ䡣
ʯˣ걻ᣬصʥǿ߶׶༪١
ޱ뵽϶ദĵѺۣ䣬һĨɫ
һ˵ͨĵطλӺֻкƷΪü١
ޱӺϣ˫۱ѽ⣬û뵽ܾãҪĹؼ
ϽһذӰۣϵѰŵմսĺۼ
ŲδͣЪн쳣ǰͰˡ
ֲãǰôǿҵĸӦ϶ǰһսбˡ
ػصڻҰѰţڣҹʱҵ˱ٵǧٿ׵һƬء
Ѻõ֮أĿ꣬ϣŻδɢĽ⣬һ˿Ҳʧ
ããҰޱ޼ʣҿã֪Լóȥ
ʱ𶯣һڰɫؽӵǰ
ֹꡣ
ǰϤĹŽгأ֪ǰġ
仰˵ʱڣǰ£ѲԼء
ǰγֹ꣬˺һֹ֮ϣתȥ
һֱİ£ҲԷˣǰߣд󰭡
ǰͰǰҲԼҪһֱյȥ
ؽУؽټû¯ǰǾ
֮ʱǰԺ֮УһĨӰ߳صС
Ϣҵˡǰ߻ؽһص˵
ģʵ
󡣡ؽش
üͷ壬ƺ֡
ھĵ伮ʱ򣬿Ժļأ֮һ
ֻʱֻǴҴҿûϸȥо
ϸڣ㣬׼һ£ܺܿͻǰؽ

ӦһԺȥ
Ȼûãٴ˹ˣ򵥵ʰһ£ڽ뿪˵ؽ
Уޱһ˿ȥ˻ͷΣԵࡣ
ޱĴ磬üͷ΢壬ҲҪȥ
߰ɣʲô·˵ޱڵ
ԼȥͿԣһͬԶ;ܿࡣɫһ˵ĻܿܵޱҲҪһȥ·ϣͲ֪Ҫ˷Ѷʱ䡣
Щ鷳ңȥ£߰ɣİţһ·˵ޱ˵һ䣬첽ǰȥ
״һ̾Ҳֻܸϣϣһܹ˳
ʱһƽǣϷȥ
ļĴˮкףǳ磬֮߱ԱΪһΪʥصĴڣʵϣĴǿһ
εĿǺһλҹ꣬ӵжǿߣ˭֪׸һ̸ֻ⣬¡
Ϣųģ֮⣬ͬȼģϢǰӦкܶ˶
ǵĿֻǳĶʱҪȥ
ޱ˵һ飬һΣޣ̫֪Ϣ˵ǲ
סͷӦ
ʱܹޱʵ
ʦµӡǣʱԸϡش
ޱ΢һλǿúܶ࣬˴˸ߵİڳЩȻǿ֮͵ǰ콳пܻʥصЩ챦
¡¡ڻҰϱΪעͽʡʱ䣬ޱûѡ߹·ϷֱӺᴩ
һҹ˵·һСǣ漴һջͶޡ
ȻڶҹĻʱ˾ûôˣڻҰͣ
ǲܼ·˶ߣϸ·ҲûʲôǣУѾһ죬ȥ϶Ųס
Ϣһҹɡޱ¾

Ӧһ
һѻ
Ļ⣬ϲԾػһĨЦ⣬뵽ʲô
ЦʲôޱֵʶǵһοЦݣЩı顣
عЦҡҡͷûʲôһЩȥ顣
˵꣬ڵĴһߣһͻ
ޱҪ˵ȴǰѾת˺ԶְѵߵĻȥ
˵Ҳһȥ
ദԽãԽĸоλһ㲻飬ɽҰİһλﵥ£ʵһܸɵó
ʱɣʲôŮӲĿطƹߣһЩѰ˸ев
Զȥ֪ޱʲôҲںӵպֵһֻҪ죬Ӧþ˲֮⣬ûбҪٶܡ
뿪ޱҰһʧ
߶һСļУ֣һӣһɳС
Ұ֮ϣԣޱԶ߻أһβ㣬üɫһĨ죬
صԣ֦Сĵؿ
ʱиСŮʳúóԷճԡ
ʱΪõһλҪЮµʣȴû뵽ٳһλСڡ
ʱ֮죬תۼ䣬ְʱȥ֪СڹһЩǷ񵱳Ƥ
Ʈںҹɢˡ
ʱһֻ̧ͷסˡ


237 
֣û˿覴ãںҹĻУҫۡ
ǼΪ֮ˣݵ󣬺ܿͷӦô¡
С̡
ۼȥȵı飬õ˹ȥ
ʵֻС£ſ㣬ȻޱˣûбҪơ
Ů˼ҲɵϣᣬͲá
ޱСڵس㣬ʮۣλȻôãϾСܹϸĹ͢ѵΪֹκë
ţС£ЩЦСŮҲǹ˻ʵۣʱ͸Сϻһ㣬±˺
ܺóԡ
ޱչһЦģһЩʵ
û뵽ӻգΪǿľͷء
ЦЦû˵ʲôΪС³Էûٷⶼġ
ˣ⸽кôûˮޱʵ
Сĺӡش
Ŷޱ˵ͷרĵسе㣬ûٶʡ
ɫ΢ɳɳ죬ζԶһ˫˫͵۾֣Եˣ̰
໣
Х˷˷ΧԶܸܵëȻϢ
֮ǰƥ̽߶֮
ḧһýƽ˵ڶȺǲá
ԶѹѹӰޱһĨǣСЩǰʲôƷΪü١
õģԱӦһش
ƵĲɢֹ꣬īѽ֣˫衣
ޱǰаɫĽüͷ壬ܸоǰ̽鱨λǿ彣еһЩ񣬲ͷܿͱˣ¼䣬ƵĽкܶ࣬λǿԶϽĽܳ
ȺХͬһ㱼һͷͷҺɫӰɫ۶ܿ͵˲״
֮Уīϳֵѩһ̣΢΢ɶ
īȾ죬Ѫδµɲǣʮؼ֣һ˲ʮͷȻ˳ȥ
ԶޱһߵͷǣһԵӰ
һڽκУÿһӳһͷǵ£Ҳվ
죬׼ޱΨһӳգʧɲǣһӰצӭ¡
ĪҪ񡣡
ֹɳޱĺӰֻնͷǵ¡
ޱѸٻع񣬹ȫںҹҫ۵ĹâΧĻǶʱķѣѪ졣
ʲôʱŮӶԼòʮںοʲôĴ֮ŭη
һӣջֹ꣬նͷƥǣͬһʱ䣬ī˪һ졣
Ȼ𵴵Ľ⣬ʱǰпһѪ;ת֮ǰ·һͷǿվš
໣
ȺУһ־ХдʱΧΧȺתѸȥ
ӵʱ䣬Բʮ֮֮ϣѱǵʬףѪʣȾҰ
ޱϢǰߵȻŷ˼ĹâԭƷҲǿ
գڼʶΪǿߡ
ʦһšޱ̳̾ܽɫĵӣ˾̾һλƷĵӾ˳ɾ֪ͣʦǶôǿ
ЦЦϵĲֹī²ã
ûʦҪ˵Ļ̹һУĺָһǰʶʲôǽ
ﲻȫˣ߰ɡڵ

ޱͷӦһֱĺǿĶһץסᣬпܻٴǰ
¡¡ǰУܿ죬ʧڻҰ֮ϡ
֮ҹ̵˺Ķǣǡ
У⼸հаݷõԽԽ࣬λæĲɿ˶ǳųǿλºܴѹ
ҵλѾ˵֮ǰɿڰ֡
ޱҲԶĿջסȴһĶ
ڣԽԽ࣬˾ۼУᡣ
ϤӰɽĽ𣬻ϧǡ
ߣһλ껪ٸϢǿҲڶ۷壬ӽٵĳ̶ȡ
һˮ룬һ£ϧĿɣҲֻһλԽٵǿߡ
ޱɽϧ˺󣬽ĵһĨɫ
ϧ;ɽԶļߣ˵Զĵطɣϵ鱨࣬ǣɵǿʣ۷սϣĴ޷
ϧĹоɽļǿߣνʥغͳλǿߣǿˡ
һΣɶˣһλ죬˵ɲʲôϢ
ˣ΢΢ˣȽϼɵķǡ
Ůӣ˵¼ǿ֮һһԷǳĿֲ
żУĳɳž޵еսƿ֮ĳ̶ֳ˵ǻ˼
ΨһĺϢǵĹϵ㲻ǣҲǲѡ
ֵ֮ϣǸܵԶĿ⣬ͷչһЦЦƽͣĿ
Цݣз̾һĵĵطֻҪƬؼ䣬ĸӦ޵еġ
ʶϧˣޱһֱڹעԶϧˣֵʵ
˵ͷûзϣӦ
ޱ¶ɫܿȻˣһλǿʦ𣬾һЩɵҲϡ档
СλɫŮӡѵ
ޱһ£ûʲô˼˵Сϧ⣬Ͼһλ죬СλŮӣ̫֡
һλƷϧӣߵһ㣬ȻѲķ룬˵û̫в
ȻˣעһЩС
֮У඼ˣ׻ʹһǿϢһ̣ڡ
߰ɣȥڵ
ޱףһķȥ
ڣһУɴǰһĻˮľ棬üɫ価ء
λǵΡԱߣһλӰʵ
ߵһڣޱĬãڵԾܾٵһλᣬϾδ֪̫࣬㷲Ҳһܳɹ
԰ɡƽӦ
δ֪֮أİǵһ˵з˴ڣֻѪĺᡣ
ɹԼܻпܾΪһηѪ̫˼Ҳȷ
ãһΣԿ˵еķ˳ʲôӡ


238 ɽ
󿪳ӣһηѪڵ䡣
ȻƼ򵥵ȴ֣ǿ߶׳ԡ
зѪĵطֻзɽ
ļϵѾԶĲɲ飬ÿһĵ޽ӽ̤־ľǿߣʢ˥Ϊһֻˡ
һּ佾ޣѪʣ޼ĺᣬȻūۣǰΪסֻˣ˼ĴۣڣȻıʱŷƷ
˺ǰϧԼ壬Ҫ˵ķѪһë֪࣬ҪȡһηѪǺѡ
꣬һļΪ£ݴصǿߣķԹĴۣݴд˼أ𻯹ȡ
ǧƵʱڣһͳȥηѪ𻯹ǿλ칲ͬ棬һα˹
ⲻ֮𻯹ͬʣµϹֶͬھҲʹ˶ļݴΨһ緽
ļУзѪ½֪֮£ǣԸ⸶εȵĴۣԸɿڡ
ĻҹԪʣ֮࣬Ѫ֮һ
˳⣬һڷ˵ĵطǷɽļУķ⣬Σյδ֪֮ء
֮УֻϢͩϣɽ곬ԽͩżмأǧǰǿУ˵ټ
ֻǣ֮ǧУɽΪߵĽأ춼̤С
ɽشεĵط˷֣񶼻һƬ֪֮ء
ɽУ˿ܴڵķ֮⣬켶ľޣΪǿҲǿ߲Ը̤еԭ
ͨˣǿ߸ϧΣյ飬Ըȥðա
ԣĻҹ˵󣬺ܶ˶λᣬɽĽ
ļλ߶ڴﶦʢʱڣ˵䱦ˣҲûðΣȥȡ
ž뿪½½ȥλǿ졣
ĻҹһĨźѾǧռĵرΪЩǿǰɽôýģһˣͶһֿܡ
воϧλٸ
ҲԥƬ̣뵽ʦҲϧǰιԪͬ޶࣬ѡ
ȻҲĿ͸ɴԶİᣬʼչһĨǳǳЦݡ
һЦݣȴЩ⣬û뵽ϧ뿴һĻ
Ѫ϶ҪģߣҲѡǽˣڶ÷Ѫ֮ôսƷԺú
Ȼǵʱ̸£ٴҲ١
뵽ԶٻӰǣΣȵõѪΣ
ûлشֻЦЦָߵϧߣ˼ԣ
ҪǸұ¶ݣͲСˡ
̸£Ҳǿʱһʲô飬°ɡ
պ󣬸˶½뿪ǣȥ
ɽȻļһأΪΪʳṩĵرӵ㹻Ҳʹ˶ðһԡ
Ͼ˭ûɽе֪ԴԹżغ˿ഫ
ޱǣҪȥ죬ֻʱֿɸԵ
ûκһ뿪˲١
ûż·ظڸ棬źʹһȥ
δ֪֮أֵֹܻĶԵĿѾ٣һμٵͷ
ѣӤˣؼһֻ˵еķˣҲϡ档
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֮䶼н䱸·ʱҲܿԷ˱ͱӡ
ӵǿһЩɽȻΣգֻҪ̫ǿĹԱӦûû⡣
ԽһһɽдеɽԶûоͷôߣǰһµĴɽڵǡ
ȴɵԱźһţźһȥ
ʮ֮˷һɽڼ˲ͬķ羰ǰһĻҶƮ㣬ɽ봫˵ķɽһģһ
Ƶظ˺Զǣɲһһ¶ڱǰ
պ󣬸ĬͬʱɽȻһľ룬ǰС
ƮķҶɽȾɺɫУط֣ǿ˱ֵľ룬ڲ֪Զࡣ
λǿҲ˲Ծ֮ޱ޼ʵķ־һȻĴԹߵԽԽԱ
ǣһᡣ
춣һһϿգΧľ󣬲üͷ塣
ɽĻҪĶ࣬ռʮɽ֮һĴСµķ֣ͷ
ͬһʱ䣬ǼӰУһۣ϶һĨ䱸
ౡ
ʱһ̶ХһǵغӰ֣ʱüλǿжһ
޴ĹչԼʮɣΧëһ˫צҫķâֱл䡣
üͷҲⶫѾμֵĴˡ
ݴؼҲˣû뵽ּͬĹ
˵ɺϣҲʵ̫ˡ
ౡ
ת֮һХ𣬵ڶֻ֣һֻǴĿ£нʮɣգֲ쳣
ֻĴȻΪŭ޴ͬһеļˡ
ͬڣλ첻òַȻֻϵѲǹ룬ƾˣһʱ䣬λӦΪǱ
еս˫âգĹֻҪСܶ࣬Ҳ࣬ϵֻʵʵĹ֡
֮ϣλϢȫſǿ˲ϷڣӦֻǿȺŤתƣʼγѹơ
˱ϾģֻҲȷʵ̫ܿҪɱҲһʱ顣
¡¡
˹עϿմսͬʱ·Ҳ˿µ
޴ӷ񱼶Ȼǿ󣬵ˣŴ¡¡̤
ڿսˣɫһ䣬𿪹Ѹٳ·ȥ
ǲǵǰеĵӣȻ䳤ʶ˳˼ҲЩӰװ
̳֣֮ӿ޳̼˲أѪɺӡ
ֻ񸩳£һûѡǲǿߣǳһЩĴɵӡ
һ̣ҽ˷һһֱëȻ
ߣһĨĲ̣ۼ̧֣Զһֻ߸µĹʱصһѹƬ֡


239 
λǿ߿֮ϵĹɫһ¶֮⣬׷ʲô¡
Ҳ֪ߣûиӦκβѰĵط
طĲԶһܿ³ô£в𾪣ղҲûиܵκ쳣ֱֻӴӿе
ڵļأǰҲֻڹżвſۼʶһĻʵš
Ϸһֻ񽹼ؾһѸٷȻҪȴһɲɿֱܵӷס壬޷֡
·λĴڣ޳ܿȥǰͷ̵ļλӣ
ǻ֣ɢȥѹֻϵֵĽֻȥٶͣһӡ
ֻԶһֱϸضţһ̲һ˿ǳ΢ϸܣѲ
λҲµǿڰ𾪵ͬʱһЩɵϢƤ³֮ˣΪԶǣӵʲôĹ
ûⷽȥ²⣬Ϊʵ̫ңԶļһγֵ壬Ѿ֪Ǽǧǰ
˼ɽȥ·СģɽлҪΣգŽãѾ˴鷳滹һᷢʲô¡
ãɫҲԽɽһҹ
λҲȫעǺδ֪֮أҹΣյʱ
ȵĻںҹΪһȻ޵ڳÿһ˵ĳ̶ȣѲҪȡůޣǣΪı־֮һĳ֣ܻϵİο
վһ÷ϣԶһ£ڵĸ·ٶȣҪɽ뻹Ҫһһҹ
ǻڴ˵ޣ˼䲻ɼǹżмأһηѪҲţֶʵڡ
ԣͩڷɽ˱Ϣһ֮ϡ
˶ץʱھķ粨󣬸ɵڿʼʶһЩ룬һϢһ˽䱸
ԽԶΪֻкƷƽջۣʵ̫עĿҽģ͵ľǣҲƷľ磬ң߻һλ커š
ҹ䣬ˣɽ޺ÿһĵУ·ԻĹʱޡ
λɫԽأ֮ĸŨŷϢתʱ׼֡
һʮɵĿֲ֣߳ں䣬нţͷ೤һİл֮
ڷɣ߿裬ǰ̣ŭХ졣
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λ컥һۣжһ˿䱸ʣ϶һλΪ
˲ĽΪҲϰ찵гֵλǿߣٻλ컹δ¶棬ӷѪ֮ˣлҪࡣ
˺ܿȥ뿪̫ãΣķʵЩδ̤ĵܹӦ
Զ֣֮һһ˦صһڵϡ
ûһΡ
ľоǿ־֮ɫõɺڶѸȥ
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ԽɽʶǿľҲ֮еﵽǿߵļ𣬼Ӧ
λʵǿﵽ˵ڶ۷壬ˣȫڵڶٳڻһ۷塣
޵ǿ󳬺ϣƵһȺǱվ鳤ЩޣƾһΪӦ֮󣬻ռвСơ
ֻǣЩΪĵӾûôˣλ첻ÿζüȵһٽɽʱʱ˴롣
֮һ·ϵûʲô鷳˳ظһ𵽴
ǰǧɷԲһ÷деĲݵϣͩľǰһߣʮΰ
мһͩľϣһֻɫ񾲾طϣ覴õΣѤҫĿĻɫβһ˵ݡ
ĻڷȼգѪͩľȴκӰ죬˿ˡ
ţ߹˵ĵһӡ
ĳȱֵе֮ʣʹ񻰴˵УƽƽĴڡ
λǿ߿ͩľϰ쳣ķˣһ̣һЩԥ
˵źǿֻͬ˴ʱƽ˭֪һܵвĿֲ
ԥʱλƷ۷ǿ߲¶ɫ˻طУڻƵҰ֮׼һ
Ǻһλ֣ûκλᣬڶ֣ȡ÷Ѫ⾡δ֪ķɽУһλƷ۷ǿҪӣҲһܹ׷ϡ
ͩľǧ⣬˻˼ôӦԣͻȻ䣬أ֮ͩϷ˼ȥ
һ̣˵ɫһӱˣҪ㡣
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ֲĻ棬󺣣Ӱδ㱻𺣰ΧʹлΪҽ
ŭķˣչֳױȵ˲ɱλƷ۷ǿߣλȫһ
ˡ
һ˿ԥ˴ԼĵѸȥݱܻâ
ֻǣôܺͷ˱ٶȣǷӳԶ
״һ֣֮̾УɫĳȹƮ̧ɲǼ䣬ۼγһ޴ŭĻ
˶ˣڣ˭û뵽ŮӣȻλгֵǿߡ


240 
˱˶ݾ㵺ѸٷӦ澺â˲ǰ
ﬣ
̶Ľʯײ汻裬ǰ硣
쳹죬ŭķ˫񶯣أΧȼ
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˿õĶʱ˵ǿղѾĺԣʵڲ
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һ̣Ŵ򿪣һս׵Ӱ֣һߵǰư£һ֮ϡ
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Ȼǿ߲ɺһ˵أԽ벽Ψʻص˲̡
ǿκѪʣ޼࿹⣬Ϊǿ
ϣŨָڱγˮҲ֮Խ
ｹ쳣һδγǰȴһδα¡
ۿʱһ̼ȥ˴볤أһ˫ӿԶҹеӰְյͽ
Ĭ뿪֣߳пȨ⡣
˿뿪õѡлǣƻ԰Ȼ뿪
֣ѡҪֱһλǿߣڵʵԣʵڲʲôΪ
ԵϣӦ뿪ҪңһֱҲôġ
ֻǣһΣ˫ȴһβʹ
Իĺޣĳ̶ֳҪԶʤļ
ʥˣȻԸݴܵս𲨼Ҳھֹŭǰˡ
һֱţΪ֪ԼǻĶ֡
ڣлǰΣգȴһеĻᡣ
Ӱתۻҹȥ״һӷس

ŭųӰ˫ƷתŭΣȻĳ
ౡ
ΪܣеĹǰС
ನ𵴣ɳܵͬ죬һȴʹֱ̨ϡ
ɲǼ䣬ֹڽ⣬ҫ


241 ս
̨ϿգɫĹâҹֹܳ꣬һ⻯Ϊ⣬ֱʣһεĻᣬһκεıǣֹеһն䣬˲
ǿһݿ̨࣬ѳоȻ飬ʮʧȥƣ޴׹䳤С
Զɫһ䣬⻮ų
ȻѾˣһ쳹ķ𣬳ˮѸٷӿɫˣһĨӰڻչ˫ѸӣضȾĺɫ
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ౡ
˫֣ǰΪһ˿Ϣ֮
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֪ת˲㱻ûУ̥һɫĽϣѪһţ֮ȥԶ
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΢΢䣬ûٶ˵̧𣬷ƻۣγɵεƶ
ī֣һն˵Ⱦܡ
̤Ʈ׷ᡣ
ǰƴӣȴûжֹ꽣˼һϽҲֻʣһ֮ǻЩ飬Զδĵز
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ӱôڶα׷ܣкΣ˭ˣδָΪ֮ǰһλ򣬺Űʵڲȥ
ӣܲġǸں棬

ͷһ䣬Ȩһʵ࣬ʹͷ
Ů˿˶Զסĺˣڲֹ꽣£ȷʵ򲻹
һǰһ׷˴죬ۿѲԶͣӣµִҲͷۣôȥûûˡ
ǼǰͣҲֹס˽ŲЦӯӯվţԲ
ǣҪΪΪ𣿡ĵȰ
ҲǾӣŮӡ

ͷһ£޲øԼһƣ仰ôô죬ǰ˭˵
ǣҪɲĵʵڵŮôô֮仹н顣
һΣҾͲЦ
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룬ͷãҴӦ
һ𣬽Ѫ˳ȥһ˲䣬üζ뷴ڣջطѪٴ·
Ѫӯӯһ񣬵лӣȻȥˣڡ
ءδлӲм֣
ЦЦҲٴ̼ˣһʧ
뿪ʹ˻Դ飬תȥ
Ҫһպ·ôˣһΪѪܶ˶ӣһҲϳݣȻȫ׷ɱ
ҪָΪպ·ǳߡ


242 ߵڰ
ǣУҵϹϳķѪɣݺᣬ䱣գʵԽʮ꣬ԪϾҪ˾ͷ
һηѪνѩ̿һηѪٶżʱ䣬ȫһһ硣
ãѪţٻһҲ˵
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ʹˣ¸ɻǺȥң¹ؼΣ˭
ǶĴļͬ޷ѡ
ͬǽĳļʥصĵλļʮֳѣԲû̫˻ɴϢʵԡ
⣬ʥشϢʱмġ
֮һ
壬ᾲϱ֮ϣԶһʧ
̫֣һӣɽ𶯣ҫһıɳƽǽììֵɲǣռ䶼ҲһѺ۳֣Ҫ
ǰ֮̽
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ᣬҪʲôƽ̴󾪣ʵ
ҳȥһˣ̽һߣڼ裬ֱȥҡһץס̽
˵꣬Ҳûи˿ڵĻᣬһ뿪̫档
ƽɫһһ󣬲ͬʱŷŭСʦõЩʲô


243 
뿪ˣ̽ĴѰټ
֪ʵʥصĻȷʵоŲԾ
ǼϸĻգһڽ͸ҪǸνĶһλС
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ļع󣬳ķ⣬Ķпܶˣһ˼죬ӰӶû
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֪ǣʵҲˣһѺɫҡҷӱ仯࣬ȴҲѸһϣκټ֣Ӣ˼֡
ļϽ翪ţЩǳּʶ˶̶̼죬ѱܶ衰ҸŮ衱ڨ
ӣҼС룡һλŮС
Σ֪ճ̣һ˹֣Ҳʡô鷳
С㣬»£ٵŰݷá
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ʵϽһΪѰǰͰټһĿģΪȥһϽĽҡ
֣֮͵֮ϵʽһУýĻһΥ֮С
Ҳ콳λǿߴս֮ʱоġ
Ͻһϵң쳽ңõõÿ֤һԼĸоǷȷ
ֻǣ֮ǰҪȽԼΪƷܸ׵ؽ뽫ҡ
䣬ʵΪ𣬳ȴվ˵죬Ʒ֮ǲǿߡ
Ҫ뽫ңƷȥõѡ
ҲηѪֱӳƷ֮ܿʹ뷨
ѲΪɸȣڶ
ȥ֮ǰҪȶЩӷΪںʱƷ˳Ȼͺá
쳽ǣشϽĶϱߣУǳҵų֮УԴΪףʽųǸ쳽һֱǧĽ졣
ڵ쳽ںϽֻǣشԶı߽Ȩʵ̫á
֪ԶУһ֮ǿ˵ǽǰ
쳽ǵǹһɽ룬ԶһЩ˶̤һء
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쳽ǵ⼸죬ľйĴ˵֮ᱳˡ
ȻЩУвź
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ŮӲϰ䣬طҲ㲻ʲô£ǣ֮ʢеĽңǾԲܽܵĳ衣
ϢкǱӣ˵Ŵ¶࣬Ȼ٣ϰƨҲҪӡ
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ٲԶĵطһذ׵Ӱ֮У֡
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ҲӦһηѪ쳣˰ȹ̸⣬ǻûзá
ֻ˵ʲôϧ˵ʲôһνɫѪãҲֻԼ
µߣһλȥʮߵСÿһһĵɽϰһһ飬һǺüʱеʱ춼ȥһ
ģһִŶּǿСȻ츳ȴÿռֲиŬš
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һӣϵĲڽȻ󣬱󣬳Сȥ
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Сŵ˺˭ô֪ҵ֣
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ҡҡͷˣҺġ
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ǰ֮ӣҪ⳰Цԥһ£վ˵ͷ
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Ļһ̣һĨѩ׵ĵ⻮޶Ŀ
ﬣ
ӷ棬һ˿ΪƽɫĵһУûоԵѹ֮ơ
⣬ΪѹˣΨн͵ˣأ֣СҲȫŵ㣬룬ս츳ԶԶԤϡ
ӶʵսɬˣС۾ҲԽԽͬǳһ㣬ҫ۶Ŀ
ӣָͣоֻڷϸܹԵս츳κι;鶼ġ
⻮һĨѩ⣬һ˿ڷ䣬˰벽˫ָס棬˳жī᲻صһС
һ飬Ծɿ֡
͵ɡ
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244 
ĽӻԼĵǳٶȻˣ˵һûá
ģҺһ䣬벻ϰ䡣ɫ
һƬ֮˫˲ųĹâʹص˵ͷ
ʦ
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ȻûΪԼظоĳǰ˱еĳϻҪǿûбҪƭһһǴС
ֹ֣˽¹ƽʦңֻǴͽʦΪ£ҽĹҲµġ
ǰԼһж֮УǼ޵еӨӨ׹֮һ
·ϰԴĹֻŮѷɫκ飬ʤһ
ʶ˽ĵս츳˰֮ģⲿջɳȻҪһ˴ȥ
ģõѡ츳⣬ǣ޷ԴԼΨΪ̵
ʦ֮񣬲٣ԽˣýĹؿͷ
ͷټشһΣóһηѪΪʦ淲͸˽ġ
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ĵͷӦ
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û츳ζȫ֮ܲҪ˵˿ٵ
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ޣɫʼףв֧֮
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һԣͷһĨõͷʵʦҪ𣿡
˵ͷһԼҪЩӣһȥҿ㡣
¶֮ɫϣֻʦãʦڻһһǵĽ֮ܡ
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ͬȥǰһжиͬҲϣµشȥ


245 ļ
Ͻأ߹һһǣѰŰӰ
¹ȥϽ֮ϣ»ǿߺͱСĴ˵ѾԽԽ١
Щ벻ͨǰ˾ͻȻʧѶȫޡ
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Ŷ
ܵؿģһת滮īնļ


246 
īһĨĹâ֮Ľؼ٣ļɫһݣƺ档
ӣȻɢĿ⡣
֮⣬һˣ״ڰǰī֣Ȼɢನ
ǿƣ֮¿ɽӣֻһоһӿѪɿƵ
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Ѽ٣ۼţɲǣؾҲƬռǿ쵽£ȴǿ¡
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˫ǿ棬ӻƻսҹҲӻƻ迴˺ҹһϢȻŸı䡣

ս֮Уı仯üͷ΢壬֮Ĳòǿѹ£һս
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ʱţҽû䣬ÿһû߳Խٵǿߡ
͵е˶Ϊ쳽ҵԶĶȥʱһĽ֮ճԾǿƵ̬̤٣Ͻ
û˻ỳɣǲֽܹĻԻͣҶڿ˾߶Զ᲻Ὣ쳽Ҵʥػĸ߶ȡ
Ȼڽһжõķ淢չʱȴһѧ츳ĽģͬǧǾ
ĵŬûκһܹ⣬ֻǣû츳ˣǲ̤ģǳʶ֪
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ҧžǲ˵ܵôĥ͸¶֡
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247 ŭ
쳽ǣһذ׵ӰӹֱӳŽҸȥֻоǰ׹һҲκӰ
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ʱ֮УһսУһգϢء

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ĪҪΪսʤɵˣͿĿһУ־ܹȵľ硣һߣ
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ĪҪ˵ɵʦһɱһ·
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ָ꽣ȴѵƽһѪʢȾ콫ĵ˫Ŀ
ѪˮˮմɬСڴʱһۻʶػӽֵת֮󣬽ϣɡ
ۣ
һѪŻվʶһ㱣ϣҲµһɳȥһԡ
ġ
±ߣ·ѰŲԶĽģҪͻȻһģȻ˼ޡ
ɱ˿û֮⣬ѸΧϣҪһս
±ߣļСѪˮҳȾˮĳˢͬСèһ㡣
ʦĲˡ
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ġ
һȥץȴΪʱ̫᲻ΪʦؿǸްЦСﻺʧ֮С
صӰһ쳣İ˳أڳÿһ˵нӿһǿҵĲ
ǺǺǣ
һ̣ɽϣĪĿЦѩ춯ض֣Ѫӿ֮Уϣһд޵ĽѪ䣬һɿֲƺȻ


255 пĴ
ֺ֪꽣ȻǧɷԲΪƽء
죬ƣ׵壬ܵⲨȾѪɳ
껽ӹӲ⣬صһȾ졣
ߣ
ƵУȻۻ뽣ⲻɾ˰벽
ꡣ
ԶһȣԶؿһ޴Ļڳ֣Űתۼ䣬һɢȥ
죬ҲĿ˹ȥӺݺһ

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껽м٣תǰוּһ֪֮סɫĽ֮Ѫɫɲǣһں˱ԴϢĽѸٵ
Դƺ⣬Ϣʱһͣηɳ֮ʮ
죬ǰꪹ⣬⽻սǿС
֪գһ˫棬ٶȾѪ˳ȥ
ȥǵѪǰɥʧʶȴȻ²ɺˣɫޱء
죬ǿѹƣͬսŭꪡƽɱȻƻ
֣껽âͬɱϡ
֪֮һһµĻ裬ն̣򵥵ʽʶʣ޼ΨнϢתԽΪϢ潣
ﬣ
ꪵĽ棬֪ǶٴΣһʯĴ죬Ӧ۶ϣ۵ѪУұ۷ɳѪ졣
أˣǿֹסΣһѪŻȾǰɽʯ
ͬһʱ䣬һ⣬ƽ£ȫɱϡ
Сġ
켱һ䣬껽ԣΪѸٸϡ
֪ѪתӣϢ㣬껽½棬ƽǰУɲǣѪĽ
ת޺ʢ껽ɫһ䣬Ѫ֮У֪֮ӭնҫ۵Ľ֮һֲĽ۳֣Ѫӿ
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±ߵӰڷȾ죬һ֮ϣѪˮʣҲûжһ¡
Σ̣֮֮ϣһҫ۵Ľɫ⻪˲ս֣֮
ͻǿУûͷһݣתâС
Ȼ죬ɽʯݣҡض䣬һĨٻӰ˲ս֣ץɥʧʶӰΪһ⣬Ѹȥ
ᣡ
ֵɽʯʧˣɫޱȵѿ
ۼΧɱ֮˱˾ߣĬĬеĽߵսĲǰСĽ䱳𣬿ڵƣ߰ɡ
ǿ˵ͷ˵壬ĬĬϡ
ԶһԥջǼѵꪣһȥ
ûᣬӰһѸٳ뿪ķ׷ȥ
ɽϣȥһӰ֣ߵԣһ·ûκԥԾ֮¡
ġһݣ˿ΨϤ֮ҹɫзһĨ⻪䳹ǡ
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Աߣۼ֮˻δ飬üͷ΢壬һĨ֪˴
ϣȥ׶ߵ
ǡߵͷӰת˲뿪Ͽȡ
֣ʲô𣿡ޱɫһ˿ɫ
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ޱ˵ͷûٶʣĿתе֮רע쳣
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ЩᷭƵԪ߶ѸΪˡ

ʹĳУѪ£Ϣ֮ƾھг⣬ֿԪ
ɫ΢ٴ֣ȫѹЩҵϢ
࣬˿˿ɫķѪתľ֮ûУͣظٵ޸˵塣
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ᡣ
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ݣ֪
ʥԣͼļ֮£Ǽ١˫ʵ
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ࡣ
ؽʵ˵һ飬ھ֮
֮üͷһ壬˵Ļһȥ֤˵ĻκβʵڵӡҲ㸶ۡ
˵̤꣬ƮȻȥ
Ļļ㲻սһ̽СȥӰѵ
ûٻش𣬳ĵһƳУʧ
ϪԱߣɫ򶫷ɱ
Ͽȣϻع飬׶˵˼仰úüͷԾһ塣
ȲЩ֮ٴӳ顣׳
ֻʣ²ʱʱ䣬ܿİƾܳɹ
վһԣغ
ʳ֮УӰʶʳǣǿϢежһ
ңޱӰʱ֪֮һҵĲ·Ӧʲôһ㡣
Ͽȣ̨ϣ׵ĵȫΣؽƣһ쳣Ի͵Ľ
һõ뽣һĽ
̣֮֮ϣͻ֣ڱգ˲
籼ڣϣλҹƾ֮١
еϢˣںʮϵĵϾâĿ˲ֱӡ

ۼ֮ڳɹڿϲЦڡΪУ˸ĵһˡ
ԱߣޱҲһĨοŬôãҪһ
ȻʱһȾѪӰ֪֮ԽңеѪޣҫ쳣
յܵӰ죬Ҳ֮Ϊģһ˫֮һ̣ͬâ졣
ˣϵЦ˲ʧףΪλ


256 
ԣѪۣӰһɱڳÿһˡ
ޱ̸оԣǰһǰǰ
ϣһ˫˲סŮϸĲǡ
ɱ֮оΣһĹžԻδ쳤Х죬ͬһʱ䣬ʹŭ¡
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Ϊ˭
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ŭ֮е侲ֻΪյһ˿꣬Ȼ˵ֻ꣬һ仰Ľ͡
ޱͻȻһˣ¶֮ɫεˣ
Ľͣߣȥޱںޣʧ໤ֳֵһξΡ
ûн𣿡
ɱתգ֪֮תС
顣ؽȵ
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ɿޱصڵϣδˣȴǿҵɱƣһʱ
ɡޱҪֹȴֻһ˿½ǣƬ֣벽
ϡλҹǰȫ䱸ɫޱء
һλڣһλ۷壬ǿλֵأȫһΣ
Сֵܣ֮ϣһнԿ顣֮ϣϿٵ
֣ǣ
ĮһЦһǰɪɪУɱʤ֣Ͽ֮УδХ죬֮ơ
ĽߡۼǰɱѺϺȵ
ĽҲκηϻһߵߣߣҪȥ
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Ľ󾪣ˣȴһֱָɣѪȾء
ৣ
ʱһɫ⻮â貣ǿƣ֮
һ䣬ӽוּһâ
ϵֳ֮㾡һΪ߶
׵ĵ⻪ҫۣ֮ƣֱ̽
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֪գǷеľģһƬãȻ
ĵԭ𣿡֣һԵŵϵӰ
֮ǰ֮УһĨȻ֮ԶֻĿ䡣
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ޱѵǰǱѪȾذдŰ󣬵ȻдѷΪޱϣһɡ
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һ֮ȴرĺƣ˹̡֮
ɽϣһӰŵӣȾ죬Ѫε䣬֮
һˣǻƽǾȡ˭С
类˳Ľģһλʦ׹䳾˭
СζûѡȨСԣ裬˳ȴ
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˽֮˽Ϊ֮ȴûн̽ķ֮ġ
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¡

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˫ŰޱΪֳȡĻᣬʲôΪãؿֳȥ
ſధޱºܰ꣬Ҳ˰Ϊûиɫ̫ӣ֮УƺҲУȫǰ಻ۻࡣ
֮飬ԶѵõУǻ£Ҳôɡ
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ʱ֮£һӰɳ׹µף±ߵ˺üɫһĨɫ
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Ҿ콾ڳ޺;µ֮ӣˣȴĳ֣˳Ծ
𣿻ǰɡ
ʮδκ˼ԽܵĲ˵ʲô㵱ϼ֮ͬŲŲʵ̬ȡ
أܶˣԼˣ貵Ľ̫һ׵ãнģǸҵĳ裬ġ


257 
±ߣӵˣâȥ
Ļûڵ
һУôܡ
һ˾ȲҪ֡
ҺһȥûԥӰһ̤֮С
㶪ȥôеףƽ
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СˣҪΣպܶࡣѵ

Ӧһ̤һ֪ͻȻѪѪתۼٶڡ
ʱ䵽𣿡üͷ΢壬ŵĽ壬˽δȫɣ˴ǿг֪Ҫòָܻ
Ҳ쳣֮ʵʧ˽㻹ս𣿡
޷·ƽػشһ˵
ڶ˵ǰУȥ
ϣ֮һͬǰȥ
ĴԽԽŨʶҲܸӦ̫Զء
ǰ·֮ϣѹԽԽҲԽ
ʱһһȥУսеҲԽԽ
ͻȻ䣬һڿڽϿգ̹ǣϢ¡
ﬣ
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֮׹覣һӹռ䱯նһĿѺۡ
˺ǵһν棬·硣
ʲôüͷһ壬ʵ
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ɫأӦûκε伮ع»ΣһΣͬԴһ֪
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ȡһϢʱ䣬ɢЩ
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ʮһڽֳҪ׷Ȼ佣⣬âؼ֣й
һ˲Ŀ϶ӰѾԶʧɽ֮С
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ѽ⣬ϵڽİΣУŷֹһأҪ촳Χ֮
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ӰףӴҫĿһںɫĽϻڣ֮

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ףαŭĿе˾޵ݣ֮ڶӣ
ԶˮٵĴ䣬·ˮ̶֮Уܵȵ¶Ӱ죬ˮ̶еˮƣѸ
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Ҳ߶壬иգ»Ծҫ˫ͬ죬ԡ
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ĽŻԵޱعΪˣҲΪȶоơ
һܴ˴ѣĿʮһҲҲˣ
ǲпᣬǲתʵΪѡ¾ɱ⡣
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ǣرʥسµһв
֮£Ľ϶ֻ̫ܽޱڳ͢»ȥ֪׳£һ˿׼ʱ䡣
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ϸܵͻȻֵϢһתΣ۵ĺɫӰº췢ǿѹ˿ǰˡ
𡣡
Ϸ糾ûǰ֮ˣһ䣬ӰӹӰٶɢΡ
۵Ӱɽ֮ȥ¼֮˺󣬲һУȴûг֡
ϤĽ⣬յǽⲻһҲС
ɫӰܿʧɽ֮УֻʣǱ¼Ӱ紵Ŀɪ


258 ս
ɽϣ߰֮ϣռХۣһ̣һٻӰ֣ǰĹ⻪
Ƭ̺һУռŤ䣬ģ
֮Ϊ֮ϣȻδͷϵƬ첢졣
˵Ǽٵġ
ԭΪӡ
˭죬˭Ǿ֮ܣκˣֻԼ˫ۡ
֮⣬֪ʥؾ˭˵ѡ
ռ߼۶ûһҪǳСģ᲻Ҵ⣬ʶɢʱֵܳ籩
̽öĿϢڿռдһѺۡ
˫֮᲻κһΨдԼϣܷġ
һսʼͿ֮̿
ܴҴûܳеҲС
ʧڿռеӰԽԽͬļͶݵδ˷룬˭
ɽ֮ڣսңʵֱ־ͽսļΪ࣬ѪأܿͬһͬΪ
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µ˵꣬Ʋͬһս֮ԶԣеĽֻǿȡʮڽ֮һ̫࣬ʱ㱻ལ٣ֱ
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ǲˣˣΪ̶еϢԽԽһˣܱҲûлᡣ
𣿡
ʱɫӰԶ֣֮󣬱ս֮С
Ϊʬü
һལһǵѪش
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壿üͷ΢壬ʵ
ްһŵס
Ӧһǰ˪죬֮⻪ҫ۶Ŀ壬ת֮ٻΪԴԴע뽫ڡ


259 
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µһߣӰϣΧѩΪһ޴Уµվ֮⣬ɫأȴ
Բͬλ콾ˣΪȽģս֣һȫС
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зѪϢ׹µĹУˮ̶֮ڣ˽Ҽһ
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ޱ׹еӰһĨ
ʧȥˣͽƮϦ
УһҲ
Խˣ뵶ɲǣȻ١
յӹһ죬쾪ױ룬ɢΡ
׵ĵѻΪɫƣʱʱ֣֮
ɲǣһͣƽؽǰ˵˵Ϊ飬֮飬˵Ķ𣿡


260 궨
ߵѯʣޱϲ飬ߣȴֲ֪˵ڡ
Ӱվȥû˸Ҳס
УѪɻ˴ۣۣȴҲ̧
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»ףջʺͳͬ˭֪ӽ֮֮˾ұߣ֮Ӱ
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ļһȣϢ죬㾡һΪȫѺ۳ųһͨĳ̶ȡ
֪״ӰӶûС
ʱռ߳һΧѸҲ˶


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ˣֻˣһ仰Ҳ˵塣Ц
һֱʣǸһͷ㳤ֲǳûˡһ䣬ȻԼԭʯȥ
ʵľͱʣ㲻֪ݵļ󣬹Ů»ָƽش
ǣҲû⣬˵Ͳ˵ÿ˶ԼܣĺĻûôء
ʯ֮У乭õذڷֻǣīѻ𻯹ȣЩϧ
ֱôˡһԣŮʵ
ЩˣˣϻҪþͻҰɡЩƤ˵
ѾˡŮ
ǣ֮䣬ĪҪƽôࡣЦ
ʲôʱ˵ѡ
˵Ůǻ˦һУڣϻУ磬ʮֲ
㡣ӹӣһź⣬˵
Ů˫һУѪ
ϾϢȻѾܵǿԸܵĳ
˵ͷǰԼĶʵ뿪ˡ
ꡣ
Ůƽ
üͷ壬ܽ귢º˵һ𣿡
ŮͷԼ֪һһ˵һ顣
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֣һĨ⻪һλı˵ľʦ
ҹվǳΪ󻼣λҪļ֮£ͬҲⲻ˺λҹʦ򽻵
ҹ̵һʦµһˣԽµߣŹŮ˶ǧۣʲôû˵
ǰɣҪ֪


262 ֪
繳߹Ҿ죬䵭ĺ⣬Ĵ붬ѿʼᡣ
սҹ̴ٽˮǣƣ󣬲ͬսʮַΧڣʮŽ֮۷սֻľ
ҹ̵ĵ̣˾֣Ʒ۷˼ɣǹȻҹ̵ĵڶ߳˾ǿߡ
ǧΪһ׼ãµǿ֮ǿľһʱҲƿ
ĻʳǣתһӰ߳Ϣ죬µ㡣
Ϊ֮ˣһǳɫãݿԴĮʮӰһſվһɽĿֲо
ҹڶطÿһֻʮˣΪҲڰ벽졣
֮֮Ͼ޴ǵѿһ˹ȥ
Ĺ⣬ϵս಻ͬһ㣬¶зӵƣÿһλҪķľ޴ۣǵҹҲĸг
ֻǣս൱ˣÿһλ죬λٮٮߣǿ֮
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𡣡ǧɨһۣ
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ԺǿӰţһԺһҹϢʮɷԲײγɾԵĽ
ԶһͨСԺУƣϵԽʼһ˿ͣȥӸˡ
Ժͻʳǵսûйܣһ̾ǲ֪ûĲġ
ڣǧŵΪԽԽ٣ԭ
ʦոͻƲã绹ȣɡ߳ƽ
Сġ̫ʶҲǿ

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Ϊ׵ĻױΪڶ٣ս¼ϢǿĿ¡
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¹ٵ֮λһߵ֮
յĴĵʮΨһֵܣ֣ͬػʮ꣬½
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Ŀ׹⣬ӰѸŲƣתܲʱӲȻÿһΣϢͻһ֡
ǧ￴ǰ֮˲ܾó֣ûѡӲ׷Уȴǰɢ̵֮ĵ
̫
ɱ֮У¸ܵϢŭѹƣɱ֣ϷƱ䣬Ȼһתʴȣ֮ס
ױ˶ٸѹһλǰһٻף촦
Ӳһꪣӳɱת˲ǧǰһն䣬ˮǧɡ
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һ̣£ÿһ˶ˣŹԵӰ¶֮ɫ
ϵΣϢʦɫڵ㣬֡
֪


263 ƾ
ƽ֣ĵ𺳣Ϊػĵһе֮ڻع顣
ӭ
ʹ֮УһλλȷӦб˫ϥӭǵĺ
ӭ
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֮󣬻ʳǰҲӦϤӰһ̣Σڣ˼ջΪ޾˼˫ϥ£
ӭ
ǹصİգĵĹһߵ
Ĺӭ֮춯أ쳹ʳǣʾŴĶ֮˵˼͸м
ѵʱ̣һذ׵ӰȾѪеۻһĬĬһУлĴġ
͵ǰտǰһĻ伸ָӣȴҲû˵ʲô
֮УŮ߳һ·һӰ쳣
ɡڣһհƽû̫ನ
ʹ⣬ϴȫϣ֮ɫɢȥ֮ǰֵĻ̿֡
գܴĶɹѹأվҲһԡ
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ް
ɱȥһĨ΢ɲʧȻӯȫ
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Ϊβҹϡ
ܸǣһϣ̾ͻѹɫһĨȻ


264 
ȥɣ࣬Ȼ˫ԼȾ˿˿˪
ͻȻһĨ־壬δеĿ־塣
һֱУּǿֱգŷ֣ԭڲ֪гҲڽȥ
УΨһĳλ֮أûκܹ
ƿţûзһ߽УŴ˯ȥӰĬĬعӡ
ҹĹ⻪֮ϣӳһεģصӰ˿ٲǴֻһҺܾ÷Źӡ
ûֹվһԣĬغ
޹У£һı̫飬Ψһǲһе໤֮顣
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ˣ
Īڰ׷ͺڷˣΪϣһ鱮԰ϣľǧ̣ġ
գˡ
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֪˵ʲôƱ磬һֻ̣ʣĵΡ
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ױ̨ǰͭӳճһףţûи̫ۼǰʱһ㡣
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֪֮ˣ֪үջһΣϹܼҼ˫ỨһſڵȴˣүҪˡ
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Աߣϧǰֻ࣬˫ģеⱩ¶Զ濴ȥƽ
֮ʱԶһذӰһһȣƺںԶĵط֮ǰ
硣
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˶ϹܼҸϽǰ·ˣү븮
ܿ죬֪ظϢʳÿһĶУݷ֮һݷݺ񲻶ϴÿһۡź
Ժһ䷿ڣŮŴȻԵŮӣƴ߶һ壬ԴԴעߵڡ
֮󣬹Ů֣ԱߵصҵĹԴҲֻܰάһʱҪҪ취


265 ֮
ǰ̧֣֮תȶ±
û뵽ŮĹԴȲ鷳ˡ
ǿĻָҪȺǿ࣬ǰҪ
ĵƣһΪɢ޷޸
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һҪȣ㲻յĽ飬һλٵǿߣҲһȱٵ
ĺԵĵˣڲҹ̣Ǳڵļ
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һûκη֣ͬսòʱѹеĲͷӦ
ͬȴ֪һεͣһ¶棬Ӵͬⲻͬ⡣
ѾԶԶվһذ׵Ӱ߳һ̣ٴʧ
ûκע⵽Ĳᶯ˶һ£֮󣬱쳣
ĶϽڤ֮Խ˿£ӵĴɶԵֵѪɺӡ
ɫ£һǳΪ˻𺣣շİ٣ʮƵİڻɥҺ죬Թ졣
֮ϣһս׵ڤ¶Цݣٴ£·Ĳ״
Ǻǣ
Цʣ춯أ·ݲܣ¡¡
Ϸһֱ׷ڤټڲԶ쳣ɫ΢䣬ٸȥ
˰
У⣬Ǻǣ첻еصزӦ쿴㿴ҲֻĮӡ
ʱһɫ׺ӰӶȻӯؼ䣬˶Ŀ
Ǵӡ
Ǻ
⣬ܶ˶ϳ¿еӰ»ǻʱĻɵϱ߽ºһֿ֣ͬ;ʱܶնڽϿλƽ׽˵Ļӡ
ӣ˰
˰
ӰϿͷ
ɨˡ
ڤӿˣòȤʱȻζһԶȥ
Ӱӹ·յİֿԶȥڤӣ룬һӣˮ֮Ĭ˦ȥ
Ȼ֮£⵴ȻӣֿԵĻ档
ϣɫ׺ӰѾʧٳڤ뿪ķȥ

е˲ԣʼҺš
˰
ӡ
ۿ˱ɣ֮صҲˣ⣬ԹһҽԽ̹ġ
£㻯ΪҲ㡣
Թ죬񶾣˲
а֮ѣֻǣİȥܣʧΪ񶾵䣬쳹𺣡
Զ׷ڤӣȻ֮սһ
а۷Ĵսһ棬Ĳ֮С
޴˰ʧ˽㻹мΪ
ڤһǰˣĨһǵѪЦ
ɱ㣬㹻ˡ
»ַסϵ˿ڣһ̤ȻȻҹųҫ۵Ĺ⻪һͷڷڷ趯
Ȼ֮ƣݣ񾪣٣ʯ׷ɣֲನɨѸķѣɢ졣

ħߵЦؼ죬ʧߣһаȣħ졣


270 ʯ
УһڹɫĽڵϣȻϵѹųӵĻ棬ֻǣеĻ̫󣬲һʱѹ
Զ֮սȣһһƵĺһһƵײһһٵѪȾѪӰ֪ʹһ߷һ߼ᶨϽֲΨзɽѪ˴ۣҹɫųѤķɡ
ʧ˽ǿƾףħ֮ĲݶҡһȻ۷壬ƱҪԶ
ڤڤԴƻָٶԶˣ˶Ѳ֮
ûĪҪʧ
ƣν䣬Խأʧ֮˵ЦҲ֮Խ񣬲ҵսǰȾѪһȭһƵضɽҡ޹⡣
ѧġ
ûκηϻȻڣһɫĹžؼչʱҫ۵ؽַʢ֮⣬ѹȱžѧ䡣
ڤ졣ڤӼ״ͬ˼УڤȶתΪޱߵĺɫֲƣƺҪء
жʧɫȻޱ쳹ҹգаһ֮ʤ֡
Ȼħ棬վѹаڤʮǰһµ˿ڳ֣شѪӿ
һߣͬܵаɣ˺죬ˡ
ϧ㻹ɱҡ
ڤӿȴЦݲ˿ʤӰ죬һӰȥתۼʧҹС
¸Ҫ׷һģһѪŻȾǰء
ս֮һƬ֮𾪣౻ɽ룬ɱȥڤӣֻ³ĻشĿѪа֮·˼ѣޱȲҵһսȴֻǿʼ
ۼ׷ڤϵеİգ˲ƣӰۣŰǸȥ
ܴĳУĲҽһһԹޣڻӣԱɫɡ
ɫ׺һ֮Уվˮԣ˫ַӡڣ֮ʱ콵ٽĻ档
ߣѪٶ֮֮ϼˡ
ˣˡ
˼ش
۰
أߵݣмĴ
潥ϨһλŮ࣬мͬʱҲŽӣҵܻܵ棬Ⱦ
ԣһ̤Ϩķ֮У֮ڷݵĽҵһСкǰ谭Ск֮߳ء
ûˡ
ΪСкŮ
ллӡ
ŮӹԼĵܵܣм
ĸ꣬ûİһ˿㾡Լһһ
Ȼһ֮ȶ٣ջ𺣣ҲȲء
ȵĶħ
ʧȥӵɫȼյľ˹ȥ
ŭǣʧԣҲк£𾴵Ļʴչֳªһ档
һˣˣʧ˵Ҵ߲ϼʯͷľ׮ȥ
䣬񶾣Եĳһ̣ɡ
סְǴӾǡ
ŮһƬŷһǣȻȻѷ˷裬һŮܹ
ŮƵһԣźҲûҲһ˿
ʯ£һѪһǰţʹɱ˵𣬸ǾȲõΡ
ڶԶȥӰԽسء
ҹ̣޴Ĺ֮ϣһУ⣬֮ϣһˡ
ҹǧ󷽣ĴС
ͬս˱ͻأǧﲢû̫ϣ˺úչ˺󣬱æ֮¡
ڶУǧƿ֮Ĵţһǰȥ
֪˶Զ󣬾˲䣬һ޴ħǰħ֮ǰһʯϢӣضǿмһ𣬿µѹΧռ䶼Ť
޾µĳҹ̵ĵ۷ǿߵ֮ϣǧ޵еĴĶƥС
ϧЩǿԭ򶼻ڳ˯УͬǰǧǵҪʱ̣Բѡ
ǧħǰվãֱλǰſڣΣ
ȥ˴ĶϽ򣬵֪û̫ױش
˶˶̵ĸ󻼣Ӧճȥз罨
ǧ˵ͷȻµټȴְɡ
սױƽ
ŶаգһĺܲҡǧĿһĨɫʵ
ʹױᶨ
ȥɣĪҪʧǧֵ
ױһתȥ
ʵѰǿ߿ɱȣױº񡣡з¶ɫ˵
ް
ǧﲻаš
ԣзĬٶ˵һԡ
ҹһΧССĹһУһµͬս߳ۼع۲ÿһķλ
ߵһʾǴ˵ҹһԶ˿ڵһĹӦþǧĵڶ
ҹ̴ССĹʤԴӵڶֺ󣬷Բʮȫһ󸲸ǣֻҪ˽룬̻ע⡣
ͬս
Ѳ߶̻ǰӰһһǰȥ
ͷû˵Զĵһй⻪
Ҫй޸ĹһҪһȥ
֮ʱҹ̵ĴͻȻһ·ʲô˵顣
ڰ֮Ԩħǰмʯԣһʯ׻ζΧع
ǧԣзɫ΢䣬ʶ˺һ
춯ʯףǧüͷҲ壬¶һ˿˿ɫ
ӭŮ
ݵľ󣬲з̹ӣ
ԭǲз磬ɣǧӣƺ̫Ը
ʯУöȻŵϢìȴںһ
Ů˵ЦǧﵱȻӭŮܹѣֻں񲢲ʱǧﵭ
ǣʯдһЦ̫ãЩˣ׼һߡ
ǧﲻٶ˵֮Լ˼Ůƿ֮ˡ
һ̣һǿϢںڰӣΧҡظӾңʯ׻򿪣¡¡УһĨٻӰ߳ȻδüòѴӺڰ֮Ԩʧ

з翴һȥˣһĨɵ
ģֹ̌ǰ߼ԣתȥһ˫ӻŮȷʵЩϣŮΪӲƣʮƿء
Ůʵӹɣܺúã̵һ
Ҫ°һδļƻ


271 ߰
ͬйǰֻͬǿһĨٻӰδüգʧ
ǿϢʮ쳣Ҫݣͷ·Ƭһ㣬Ȼǿȴѱ˸֪
ͻ쳣ע⣬µսִ´Ҳ¶ɫȻ֪˲ࡣ
ͬ⣬δĪҪߣУһλɫսµĵ
̴սѲߵĻ񣬵
̴ͷŵɫ΢΢żºͣһԵů⡣
ްɵ̫ã͸͸ƽ
ǣ㻹ӣһҲв̴Ц
ûд𻰣Զʧôͱ¶ݡ
һЩдһһ£ȸˡ̴΢΢һЦȥ
ͷǰ뿪üͷһ壬ԭǸһֱûгֵս
̴սµһսȴ¶棬ÿʱػս̸ʱ˵սҲڴļ
ˣֻҪҵͻӦò⣬֮ˣһͻ죬ʵǰ;Թ
ҹڶ̴սŵеӰһ񣬵μ
̴ŮѣλҪȥһ쵤º󾡿֮
˵꣬ǧһӣһ쵤ɳǰУʱҩӿϼ⣬ʮֲ

̴쵤˳ȥ
ͬǰҪصУ̴սƮղŻڼԶľ룬ٻǰ
ϾҪͻˣףء𣬿ڵ
δֻ֪Ǹ̴ɢӴҩģ¼䵤ҩ˰Ϣĵҩֻҹ̵ʥҩ쵤
ϣֵĵҩǷĵ쵤ֽɽķ쵤
ֵҩ쵤ŲСĲࡣ
̴εЦЦǲǺ»˵Ůˣڰ֮ԨճλҪȥһȥ֪ʲôʱٳ
仰һǿѹ¼ȥƽô˵лؼһҪϲ㡣
ǣл̴ЦӦһּ򵥵˼󣬱㳯Լйȥ
̴뿪תص⽥£Ůڰ֮ԨǰδĴ̴Ȼ˵ЩɼͬҲӦ֪¡
ټʣ϶ᱻɣҹصܱлҪࡣ
ĶϽתʮչȥһսڤش伣һֱѰʮգԶ󻼣ȴʼһѰټ
ųֵԽԼ֣½Ҫ׼ȥ֮ʱطƱ䣬Ӱ֮ϣϢǿ쳣
㡣ϳǰŮӣ
£ӡ
䣬ױӰѸϣսꪺȻ£ϸȴ֮£ʯ쾪
ɲǣѳоʺȾ߳
λûԥΧϣȻԡ
սʣ󷨼ӳ֣Ĭϣλսÿһ˶˿ǿߡ
ͬһʱ䣬ҹڶڣһֱȴǧ˶˫ַӵӡǣ䡣
̼䣬ԶսУս¹âʢϢӿܡ
ļӳɣ˲ΧɱøӼңꪹƳɽֱд
ױһ˫ƽᣬսꪻ裬⻪ɽ
ˮ֮ĬӭУˮӯӯ֮䣬ת
սսܲıɱһսע쳣
һ壬һȻȻĿ˿ɫ
ȾѪɫٴαȾ۶ֱ
ܴǰɱ¹أȫʩΪȻĺһκˣսڣѵ
ܴͬӳɣսеӣȻռ̫Ϸ磬ʽ䣬ѪȾս¡
ۿսк˫Ӱױս֣ꪸһ߶£Ҫսǰ֮ˡ
иӦʽתɱȫתΪ֮ơ
ܵıɱʱɫµѪۣһȣŭüȻ
̫
ĺȻһĨ۵Ļɫ֮ǰˮ֮Ĭһ֮࣬ȫתΪɱС
ɲǼת䣬϶ʱϼˣѪɽ

ڶ֮ڣǧ֪ս䣬˫ٶӡǣʣԶ֮ٻޡ
սУλϣ׼ķɳ죬Ϊ񽫣ɱ
ٱս֣òƽȵƽٴбŶһսĺˮ죬⺮Ķ죬޷ȥ
趯ˮڿлһɱ⣬㱻ΧˣȻս֮ʡ
һֱ͵ĴĺչֳŵսţȽһԵ˵ĿЦ
Զеǧ֮Уǿһ棬ɱŨβܣ˼ֻ꣬һĴ档
صĵƷױս֮ϣһöɳа֮䡣
аս£Ȼ춯ء
еɱнһת֮ˣ죬ɫ⻪һƲ񷡣
жݣΧӰȫɳȥѪȾɳ

ɳ֮УѪȪӿӰģѹڵƣŻ졣
Զа񣬱ⲨѳкȻȻ飬ɢ֮䡣
ɱ
ٶȱɱϣ񽫣ƱΪ̳ĸ󻼡
ױжݵһĨԥֻǣƬ̺ʧս֣ϡ
صĴϢ֮һ½һ£Ȼս˿ͣЪɱĵӰԷ
аδ֮к޻֣̬֮ٽ֡
һĨڷȾ˪УԷ裬˴ۣǶаħ֮ŭǶ֮ޡ
֮㣬ħδ̾㶡
ŭУŷǧĳħ֮˼䣬һѪˮڣʱˮ֮⾡Ⱦ죬âǧ֮кȻ𵴶
صһУ޵ڶɫѪ⽣ûǧɷԲȻ֮ݿ࣬׵壬ɢΡ
֮λֲѪ͸αȻѿ
ױꪵУוּһսַɳһս±ѪȾ죬һ˿á
춯صħ֮Уǧ꣬һ޳ɣһ𺳡
гһҲȫľʶģȻ֮ܵ£ˮֱأǿг߲İǡ
ĺһκˣǰˣһ
˾̾ǿߡ
ʱһٻӰս֮УѾĴսһĨʡ
һ̣𼸽Ե£ΪһĨԶȥ
ױǰҪ׷ϣȴģŭͲУΨؿʧ


272 ҹ
ҹ̣䳡Ӱһս£һǳս¡
һһڶλս䣬òִºϵ£ǰһۡ
ͬ⣬룡̴Ц
룡ƽ
̴սԾܾ֮ǰһսӴ˵һ̴ս
̴֣һڱ̵ĹŽԣסʿ档
潣֮һַâϼ̹ʣҫء
εӭУķУɪɪ
ɲǼۣ棬ŵĽ⣬ףʽ߷֣֣Ʋڲܡ
Ϊͬ⣬гʹչ۵֮У潻⾡ơ
ͬսĵȴǰˡ䳡⣬һλսִ¿ڵ
̴սɻս֮еһˣͬսҪʤܲ󡣡Աߣһλ侲
֪һûлῴ̴սˮӰǰ֮˸̾
ѣͬսӦûûʵԱߵӦ
˵Ľ̸ͬΧ֮Ҫ֪ʣ䳡⣬Χ۵ÿһ˶ؿųԽҵĽ棬Ҫһ֮λսʵı仯
гӭеͬʱעֵΧ֮ϣⳡսʤں˽Ϣ
ʶ䳡ÿ˵ĻһֲУһˮӰ֣ʡ
£Ƹ֣ƵУǰ֮ˡ
̴˫һĨɫۿǰʩչȫԼҲأһ̤Ӱãˮת䣬ȻʧӰ
ȫע
棬ѱлˮ飬ɢΡ
ɵĽϣչֶѧ֮
ĶУѽʮУƬ̺ǰһڱ̳֣ٽ벽֮գͣ
ս̴սٶȻʤ
ˡƽ
һ꣬˺ܶࡣ̴սսºЦ
ϧɲĶ֡ص
곤꣬ռòٱˣԣһᳬҵġ
˵̴꣬ͣƬ̣һд裬ϾҪ̤֮ȥŮ֮λպսԼҪСġ
˵ͷӦ
˾ʹ˷ֿԼй䳡ΧִºҲɢȥԼλá
ʮ֮ҹڶһͬս춯ǰǰս֧Ԯ
󣬳ĬƬ̣ȻδҵõʱȴҲ֪ٵȡ
ҹ֮ʱָ֮ȥϢЩӵĹ۲죬Ѹٵسŵһȥ
ӹѲߵ̻һ޲һλٵǿߣЩѰĻԷ֡
֪ǧһֱڶУһ£֣ԣֻҪڶʱǰȫġ
ΰĵһǰλƷ۷սǰ۲Χһһ
ʱλսֻеǰһҲû֪
ͬһʱ䣬ںڰеλǿߺѪӿſڣȴҲ˵
֮Ŵ򿪣Уʶɨһǰ
ټĹѿһˣ֮ϣյһƬ
֮У壬ûκмֵķ֣ҲͣѸٳȥ
㡭
ȻֵӰеĻδü˵ڣһ䳾֮С
Ҳ޷Ŀ˫ۣ벻ףǰ֮֮Уô˵۾
ڣûǿߣǿ߲Ʒ۷߰벽죬ֻ˶첻κв֮˵ĻᶼûС
㳤һ·ǵµӰѪ䣬Ⱦҹ³ȡ
ͻȻһͻ䣬׹Ӱ˷ٿ
İ׹ǣһͷǧǧ˲ͷƤ顣
þ𣿡
ɫδ䣬гأְ£ǿݿΧİ׹ǶʱΪɻңɢ
Ȼ׹ʧǧ֮䣬ĳìɭɭٶΧϡ
ɫ£־ǰڵظûٴο
һأûСսһΪû֮У̼䣬磬ϱ׷ɡ
ﬣ
꽻棬ͷʿУս꣬ǰ߲
ĵս޼䣬̤̤Ʊˡ
ΧٴΧϵԸϣг˪ᣬѩƮ䣬ѩʱ֣һǰ·
ѩǧ
⣬ƵΧͷʿ˲⣬һ̣ⱬӰȻѿ
ͬһʱ̣þ֮ѳмƣķ飬Χռתʵ
֪ŵĶǷѾˣҵ飬һѸٳǰȥ
ҹڶУݺύǰǧﾲĬ˼׼ʱͻȻ˫Ӱ˲ʧ
һԽþ֮ڴҹ̵ĺ֮أת
ʮֿвؾȻѧнػױϡ
ɢʶܿҵҪҵĶӽǿƿƣߡ
ʱڣ֮Ҳ·Ӧʲôһ㡣
飿
ɫһ䣬ݸӦһնǰ谭ٳǰȥ
ת֮ޱ޼ʵ޻֮أ֮УɫĹâؼصԳһƬ硣
֮Уһҫźɫ⻪ĵ伮īͬڶһΧĹâ
ҹ䣬˵мµʷϸš
յĹż֮Ӿң𾪼䣬Ӱǰ
Ȼٽ֮ʱҹΧ⻪ʢȥǰ·
գΪ½֮أΧ½ƣһ
ԶѸٸǿϢٲأϢڣΧڽһ㣬һǧ
Ȼ𣬽ƹ⻪ֵѺۣȻ顣
ǰһץҹ䣬ȴ룬һ˲䣬һǰδеĿϢ٣ֲһƣƿն֡
Ԥ׵һƣüܣὣֵϣѪӿذ֮ȾѪɳ
һˣ֮ǿߣδ֮Уչֳ𺳵Ŀֲʵ
ԭ㣬Ǻôĵӡʱǧ˵Ӱɱ
һ仰û˵ǿ֮תӡ
ӵ𡣡
ǧһٸϣɫɳ׺˲
ӽУϽ棬Ӳ
صһذӰӿ׹£·Уҳ
ǧӿ£ɢͻҳȴѲеӰ
зλ
һһѣˣܲԶǧ
ǡ
зλ
Զһ󷽣ŻһѪȾ䣬Ӱģƺʱܻʹȥһ֮˹


273 Ӱ
̴йϢ𵴣Ȳȣÿһˡ
̴ս
ڶִºϽĿȥ𾪵
һ̣һɫĹ캳ضռҡΡ
֮ϣĿ쳣ҹµǿ߳
̴й̱֮ͻȻɳȥʱϼˣѪȾء
©ƫҹ꣬ʱˣߵĵطһ̵춯ǧ˵ע⣬Ѹٸ˹
뿪˴Σ֮طȥ
Ȼδ̫Զз˵һȥ·
֪ƴɱȥ·ԣжϽ۱ѩ棬һȶС
ǲ֪ڵ㣬ʣ
зӽУĿ棬·硣
ƽǳ̲ϮĳظУӽǰС
ɱ֪
ǧһУ̽䡣
ƽգǰ֮һߣҲסȴһ
һƣǿߣҲҪˣ˶δм⡣
һһ˵Ĵ֪Ѳӳȥ
ͬʱ֮ϣյϢԶɫһ䣬ѸԪעڣȻȴû̫ã񻯵һձһأȻ;ƿ֮ʱ
֮ѪɢתһҲ֮ɢ룬е鵤ҩþȻֹսˡ
ڷеһѩף˴ۣħ٣ܷݡ
Աߣֳܰս˥ˮ䣬絶ʣȴ˿Ϊ
ҹ̣֣սѸٸΪ׵ıλƷ۷սԴԴϽǰ·
Ѿ·зλΧϣǧһҪȥǿһֻ
գ֪ѷɡ
֮
Ը־ܣһǰλӽأ֮˼䡣
ããӴ֮зɳֱϣʱ֮ڣâޣͬкɰǧµ¾Ѫ죬
зλǿеУȾ죬
ǿ֮ʶһҵģǿ̻ʵĸоһ壬ΪӺò״򿪵ȱӳ
ν׷
ǧһӰѸ׷ȥ
зѹƣǰ׷ȥ
ԵԽȣΨǿҵ־֧ţ֪ԼһˣҲûлᡣ
ɱ
ӭԴԴϣƾʶӽǰС
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274 
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ѪѣΪ죬̼䣬ؼ֮壬ƹؿʱ֮Ϊ;ٶȺһ御ϧѹһֲƣɱ죬̨ϣδٶΣֱ
ҹǰص̴񿴵ԶʵɫʣһĨοֵˡ
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275 ļҹ
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277 ϳ
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֮ϣʶƺһ㣬¶һĨء
ڳǰ˫۽£Һ֪Ǻǵʮ׼ôţʱţǷ㰲ţ


278 м
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ŮƲٻӰ֧ԮȻа·סһǰ֮;
ľٹ졣
ŮɫѸ£ֱ̧ǹ֮ɪɪУһӰɳۣһа


279 м
ٹأħѴУŮһչظѧƾ𾪡
а裬϶֣ŮһԽԮ
з磬ױǧ￪ڵ
һ£ս׳ս֣նŮ⻪ʢսףһ졣
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װͬޣĪҪڤӽյĿݴȡ

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ն䣬ȻݿڤӵУصһʮԶѪ䣬һ̤ȥ
һʧеӰᣬŹŮԶȥķ׷ȥ


280 ˫ս
أһֱ׷ǧ֮Զֻǣܵڤ赲֮󣬹ŮӰʧԶҲѰҲ
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Ŵɻδ£һ̾üɫһĨƣ֮ɫ
һѵġһԣܰ껺˵

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ת֮ţ֮âޱȣٽ硣
ͬһʱ䣬ﵶۻ֮һնɽ
¡
һȣϢǰ֮ˣꪻƵ
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գԻҫ
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״ɫ£оױ趯Խصļ֮
ʽ񡣡
֮߱Уɱ񣬷𣬲赲ռѳܣѺ۳֣ݺӣֱǧ֮⡣
˫Ȼľ죬졣

ƲʤһУȴĲͬ˾Եķֱ𣬿һΣажһѪŻȾǰء
˫֮巢ӾƣǿлȥڵȻһһص˲䣬ȴҲϢ𵴣һ̣ؾҺ¡һ
һĨѪţ֮ǰȾ죬һڴ׵ĵù⻪ٴǰ
㡣
һգץסǰѪʣȾ촿֮С


281 ٻĳ
裬ٴߣ֮ת֮ǰַۣ
壬Ѫӿһƺߣɱ֣ĳֱǰ֮ˡ
ʮ֮⣬أŻ죬ٶܴ
֮һУջһ֣ٶȼ죬š

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һȻռϷ磬ѹƣϹĲôĵǿλȫӦС
վꪣٶȽսһһꪣɳرѣ֮սɱ޹⣬в
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ʹ졣
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286 
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Ժ̧ͷһ԰гһ̾ŽĳԣȻĥһ˿ʣʵʧ֮


288 ˫
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290 ˼
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ԴʱһֱŴĵĶϽʱԽĿעһߣ𻯹ȵ˫һҲϣնʱսһ


292 һʮ
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296 
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ѩУӿĻܵ谭һһ֮Уһ־ŭĺҪƱѩ
һ̣ҵ𡢶ҵĽ棬潩ģȻؼʱ̣˭ջ巴ɣء
ŵηѪһԲϣһ˿˿ɫڻУҲ˷֮
ѹʱһεѪ䣬¶֧̬֮
ѪɢѪУһֵӰΣ仹ֻǿʼȴչֳǿѹһǿסͬһɹṦ御пܸһһȫµľ硣
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Խ޵ʽ˲佫գһǰδѪϢ̱ѹٱ⡣
ڹɵһ̣Ѫе־˱طӦֱӳǰ

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ģܻа취ġЦЦӦ


297 ڤӣŮ
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Ӧһѷǰȥ飬һӦõġ
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СƤǲƿǰ֮ˣдһ䡣
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298 ֮Լ
ڤӻ֣ɢƾתԶĺŮӣһĨζЦݡ
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԰һƬ԰Уʯ֣ټ


299 ַâ
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300 ֮
͵УͣλԳǿ̬ȣдǣӦһѡ
ΪǿڳжôӰǾԶǾԶǳֻҪ֮ϵ˻ǴĻңǾͱͷ
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һߣҲüͷĿƵеϣ泱һ֪˲ɱֻܡ
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ɫκβ˫ָȻʯ𣬹âɢ
ͭɫ֣ʯâ·ͭ˼
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׵һǰߣŵҵľ˫ȭֱ߬죬Ȼٺ޻죬ǰҲòѡ


301 泱֮
ۼ׵ҪЭϯ֮УһֱƵۼط˾Ʊ
泱ûоܾһ־
紵һĨѩƮ㣬ϢڴУͬ٣ڳÿһˡ
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ѹȫԶԣ֮
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뷲ȥѹʱ䣬Ҳݻ꣬üĿ

еָǧһĨ⻪һŮ͸Ҫ촦á
ֻǣЩ鷳ǣߣҪ֣ô򵥡


302 
׵۹ֽİɫɳˣܿЩ泱Ķֻûҵѡ
۹УϲĴ֮ѳΪ˼ֲĵط׹ɢѪ˱ǡ
ķɳųһ˿˿Ѫɭ׵ȾһĨѪɫ
ڳ컹ǿԱ⣬ȫɫףƷߣһ޾İΧҲûлĿܡ
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ӨӨ׹򷨲֣ûһֻɳԽ²˫ĹûκĳЩ棬鶼󼰡
֮ŮһչֳԼķâڳÿ˶ԭҲһһġ
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һߣ׵ߵսͬ쳣һȴǿ֧ţʱܡ
һش빦壬ԽԽأŽֵľһʱᱻƣϣðشķգӲޱһƣǰֽΡ
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Яǰߣһˣ
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ͬһʱ䣬ĻʳǣɽԲڴɽͻȻһҿԣкѪδü˵һ仰ȥ


303 
ɽҹͨ˵λŮվã棬ѡ
ݷɣס
վڴߣгʹΪɽעȻѸŵҲסǿߣҲ졣
֣ǿܣݷĲϧһΣʵĳŲסˡ
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ֽɽͽկǧ˻вǰϹ˳ĹţĿľʾòʱԼߵүĶ档
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໨һǺ׵۹ϵң໨׵һͬ󣬹ϵܣǰЩȥһ˼֮أûܸϵĵ顣
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໨ӮͲûˡ㽫̨ϣ׵ǰӣ
˵໨Ϊѡ໨ЦЦӦ
ϻö˵ʥǱߵѹ޻ȥֻܷȥ򣬲Σһܶ˺׵ɫ
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ǲ⣬ӦѾ³ݣҲʱͽ̸̸ˡ


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305 
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306 ڤת
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307 Ȩ
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ʱλŮϴһˮһع㣬ƣȴз顣

ǡ﹪һ񣬹
ɣǡλԵӣԳǵ֣ǿӡ󣿡ϧɫѯʵ
һһϵ¹ӣѹԡ
ԱߣҲüͷ϶ûʲô֣һλ֮ҲûҪ˵š
λСңֿ϶ûʲôӡ󣬿ɷʱ䣬λõһ̸¹Ц
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˵̾һóһ׼õҹ飬ЦҺҪ̸ˡ
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Щӷ½һ飬ۻͳ£Ҳû
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ʥگ˸Υֻǰȥûеڶѡ
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֪ΪΣܾпأ·ʲôõҪһ㣬ߵӣ㲻°ɣ
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ο˼ǵ壬¼˵Уİɡ
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Сɫеįȴ뿪ˣˮɢΣԺǰʧ
Ͻ໨ӪǰһӰڷ趯Ϣӿ𾪡
˧֮У໨һǰϵĵӰһ߳Ӫʡ
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׵⻪˻֮׵ӳ֣øӷ񣬼ҫŰ׹⣬ҹɫԵ˴ۡ

һȸȾ˪ãأֺ֮
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ܵд໨ɫ΢һЩĿƻأǰӣ̬أһУʤ
룡ɫ
Ľ໨ɫ׹Хۣͬе׽٣죬񾪾塣
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һתۣӰûеľ죬価ƽžЩ֡
ߵľǰ룬𳤺Уȥ

໨ǰһѪӿһ͸ʤһ˷
໨ˣܵĲɳܣ֮Ĳ࣬棬һսĳ̶ֳ˵ѷǹƽ
֮˫ټϷѪֻ֣۸֮Ѳκˣ໨ֻŲСľ롣
ս֮󣬺λȫˣ㲻˱Ҳٱ

ݴأʱţ·绪ĻʳǣһĨɫӰڻʳ֮УףЦȴз
ҹڶ֮ٴĻʳǣһΣȴ͵࣬סһϢؿŲԶĹ
ǧΪ߾֮ӣǵһΡ
УԺڣؿůڻʳǷ飬ܲʣԹߵ̬ȣ۴Ļվη
ǧܼɵԺеŮӣԸͻ˼̺ᣬαܹ߾֮ߡ
߾֮ҹҪʧ֮ǰǲһδᣬꡣ
ڣ⣬˼Ŀ⣬˫̫ԶȴûκνԸκνؼʱ̣ԵȴԼҪĽ֡
λдһЩȨѾ·ϣع˼գͻᵽʳǡз
أʲôǧ￴ǰƽʵ
˼ɢԣδ쳣з繧Ӧ
Ŷ
ǧһУǱٰȷ𡣡


309 ı
Ļʴ齫ŴĻʳǸȨۣþƸӵĻʳǱø˷롣
תڤԣôİնԻҵν͵㣬ŽԼӰɢҥԣҰģҲȻҡ
ԴĶˣͻΪе࣬һЩԵĳӣڿϰ׷Ӱһһյı仯Ҳʼԡ
ĻתڤҰ£˶ţ֮Դʱ͢ǳ͢Ϊû˸ҽ
ĪеվԲ˳֮˭ֱָڵǰ˵
֮ˣͬҲŵıҪ߸ȨңͼıʱѲһա
̫˾ھŵ״˫ڶû֤ݣֻ˭һ֡
һ֣ѹȨǻѹң˭֪ľƣӵԿ塣
͵УոһյĹעսº³ֵϽ飬ļΪҹ֣ϽˮֵֺĿ飬ʳܿ༫ظ
ʴȣ̰ܿ࣬ǰλմļ֮ڳû뵽ȴһҵķ
ʣһʵпʧ֮ˣǵЩȨǣʴˣ֮ϣһװȨվԡ
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ǧûǰߵı仯תǰЩӣϵʥ֪ڱڤתĴθ롣
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ǰĹӣ˵ʲôȨܣɲҽӻԴЦ£
߲ԣǧҲ⣬ǰһ˹ȥȲ衣
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߽£ǧһĨѶЦݣ˼⣬òз罫ͳȥ
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ǧ￴һԶĴĻʳսô꣬ǧ겻ȻԺһ̵ļƻǳɹĽ᳹ʢת˥û䡣


310 սϦ
ʳǵķƣ֮죬˷ȨһնһգƽѾõĸۡ
շļλӣյǻ֮󣬶½½ԼķףղڻʳӣΨزɽȴıʧȥ
ȰݼյֵܣΪУûʸ̳лλļˣ˴֮䣬ϵ̫ڹ˽Ҫǰȥݼ
ݷɣ֣ĸһҲǻλ̳ߣκδС㻼ز̳дͳϣʧ
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ͥʹ֮⣬һ򵥶ĹǰӰվѾܾãԶĵصȴûκβͷ
һߣϾһ㰲صȺ򣬿վĹǰСŮһ˫Ӵδ뿪̡
쳣ŮӣҲǹĿ࿴˹ģʼƽĵŮӣʵټ
ǽʦСʵµŮŮˣɼλзµŮӺε˵á
Ĺ֮ǰɫһ˿˸Уĸ֪䣬½ȥꡣ
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ӦһĹϵ֣Ҳֳһͬȥ
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һͳʧܣ𣬷´ûкڹ·ģս԰ƵİպͽʿҲ޿ɱ⣬ֻǣʧˣôսȫȻʧȥ˼ֵ
ļȹʦѼ·˸׳죬ϧûҵκηѪټ
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ȹʦкһ䣬ǰ
ʯ᾵Уɫӫǵ㣬·Сөһ㣬ڿз衣
Щȹʦ𣬷ѪϢȻǴЩСϴ֡
ǰСЩƺЩŹ֡һԺѵ
ް
ȹʦǰȴеһɿĽƣ˺
صһӦ飬ǿǰ˿ûãһ̣ɳŽȹʦӿ

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˵꣬ȹʦĿת˹ʵ֪Щ泱
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΢΢ҡͷֻ˵ں׵֮ĵؽЩ飬ƺļʥĳϵش±ʥҲѲ˸ϵ
ļʥء
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ȥļʥΧôΣյĶӦòֱļʥ֮УңȻ泱һĻϣʥؾ͸ιȹʦ侲
ǰʱϹά
ֱӳʥصķȥôãҪĽȹʦٴϣЩ泱ʵ죬÷Ѫ˵λļͻпʲô顣
ĳ泱޼ģι泱ĵطʮа˾žļʥƿ֮£ôķѪҲӦö͵
ȹʦԼжϣֻҪҵ泱ιĵطҵķѪ
ͷβû˵̫໰ֻʵʱһ£飬ɽȹʦԼȥ²⡣
ǸԸԼԸűˣοȹʦһɵˣѿ࣬ýȹʦɣͷԼȥ˼롣
Ҫ׼飬׼ãҪľǳƻļʥصĴ󷨣ϾļݴԴԴԮĿܡ
ڷ֮ͨ£ȻûоԵİգҲ뾡һԡ
ֻǣǰͰûϢǵġ


311 ս
ļʥأ⣬ȹʦһѰʮգɽ֣Ѱһ顣
ϧɻһҲι泱֮ء
ȹʦȻû˵ʲôɫˣɼеż
ǰļʥصֱǲСʲô󷨣пܾͻļע⡣
ûԸһʵԲȵĶ֣ȹʦҲһ
ͷңһз֣硣ȹʦ

ӦһֱӳŶȥ
ȹʦûж룬߷ȥһһѰҡ
ȹʦȴ֪ڸ߲ã۷֮ȥϢȥ
ι泱ĵطžڽȹʦȥķ򣬲΢ƫһЩäĿѰҵĻ֪ҪãҪæһ¡
괨Թǰ֣ǰƵϿȣһһѪɳΪѪϿɢ
ЩɢΣѸʧ
ԶȹʦܵԶ΢ķѪϢһ̸ı䷽򣬱жȥ
ɽƶԹ֮ǰȹʦǰİͣ²ӣ¶ϲɫµĹȻû
޾İԶԶȥͨû̫Ȼ۲󣬲ܿ⾹һֻֻСɳγɡ
ȹʦŰ˼Ƭ̣˽ȥ
Ѫһõ͹ˣļУֻҪļļʥأطȥãҪκ˰æ
ȹʦȥӺһĨ⣬ڣȫ߶̼֮䣬ض֮ҡ
¡¡·һ㣬ɽʯݣϹ䣬޴Ķð֮ͨ˶ܸܵ
괨
ļʥУļɫһ䣬͵ؿ괨Թȷ˫ɱ˷˰泱ڡ
һ̣ϼӳٴԹȡ
Ͽ֮ڣ泱ذΧĽȹʦҲܵ˴ص𶯣оô¡
泱ǧǧ򣬽ǰе·סȹʦ֪ⳡпѾļע⣬ٹ˲屬Χĳ泱
ʱȹʦҵ飬뿪
ȻʱԭһλǿڲеߣӰѸٵǰ

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ס
֪ܿ͵ԭ߲η壬ǿԪӲǰİǿߡ
๦֮ͭ˫֣ӭӽϵĽʯײڶҵս
泱һ»ۣǿ޾塣
ȹʦְ泱ƣһȫӣƹ泱λĹƵ֮⡣
ԶļʥأϼѸٿûã泱֮У½ȹʦ뿪ĺ·
ݴغļλǿϣһʱռأӵ˫ۣһ߿Էŭһɵ˫ľ
ûκεｻ˫Ԫʱ磬𵴣޾İԳµƣ˲仯Ϊҽ
ԭ߼ˣѸ£ٲ֡
Ͽ֮⣬ӰʧļԶȥ
ļ紺ʥأﻨ㣬һʼˣûκα仯
һ̣һĨ»ۣʥ֮ϡ
ǿϢȣıգ˿ԭò
صλǿ߿ˣ𶯣ǰء
İףδ𾪣𶯣ļʱǿߡ
֪ݼţκε飬һգطȸɳȸ죬һǿƥĽȶ𺳣˶ʱһˡ
֪ͨ
ۿʵɺһ˼
̫ˡ
һӰһٲתϣΪĺƣʥɫ˱仯
˵Ӧȥӣصһ׷׵ɶȻͬΪһս׳ΪѹԵԣһֱֵӳ֮裬ֱǰ
ĹתĴʹ󣬵⻪ת󷨣мλãһö̫״ڰ˫ɫ⻪䣬ֱһء
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325 
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327 һڽ
ķУӰȾ˳ȶסֽѣѪӿش֧
ļʤһȴҲ˲ˣ׹ҪػԭΡ
ȣ
ļһȣҪ߶׼֮ȶ۷ֻ̬֮ĿನУһĽת˲֮
һ壬Ѫ磬нһת㾡һ֮һ̤һ硣

ļƺһ֮Ѫ

ļŭ¾ʹǿӲС
ƾĳȣֱϮؿڣ֮ܣ˲
ֵȴǱۻƥɳȥȾ
ļǰսױѣһĨ۵İɫ֣·ǰ׼ĺ󣬽ֻƿ˲磬Լк
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סΣǰ£ⶼûƿ׼鷳
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ļŭ֣һǰ˿ڴһٰɫɳѸӿ޾ֻǼĹ򣬱㽫ֽɽڡ
泱ɳսװ׹Զϣ»ָ
泱ǧٿ׵İشǧǧ򣬲ŷеýʣ߿Ѹ
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泱ӣ֮ԽֲƵİܿ쵽˳ܼޣ𲻶ʱ᳹ױ顣
ȶסѹ𶯣״սȥذɣһһ壬ڼԷѪΪ߿֮߶Ԫ
һ֣ɽУһׯԻѹϯƵ˼䣬زȻ
֤ȳϷһ̣ɽԡ֮С
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ļʢŭһأֹסƣһΪȻӭѹµķ⡣
ֵһ˲
ȵľ㣡
һ̣ļ׻âһתնˡ
ͻȻӷɲǣɳˮ飬ٻףһ壬ʢ

ֵĽɫ棬ᴩѪˮӿȾɽء
ļǰ͸һѪŻ֮ˡ
شɢ룬ۿɣ
ɽ֮ϣƱãɫ⻪ʢ죬ļĿ·ɫ˿͸ӿѪУһֻ޴İɫɶ껺ֲ֣ѹݣ䡣
һ˲䣬Ŀֽɽ¶Ȼ
ŭУͶȶסֲֶѹǿסӰĿ𾪵ؿǰ쳣
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Ǻҹ֮䣬ûκǰɺޣô˴ֱɱ
ңļ֪ǵ壬ԥȥΪʲô
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롣
ĺüͷ΢壬һӹɢ׺˲ʧΡ
ޱ޼ʵĻָ̻հκ졣
Ͽգһһ߳ѩ²Ⱦһ˿ĳ֮˼䡣


328 ĳǲ֮
ĳ֮УӰһ£òƽȴһ˵ķɣĳǲ֮ջ˼
ʦ𡣡վĽһӰ˹񣬹ӭ
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ĺ׵ͷûʣһĩĽӰˡ
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㡣ĺûƽ
лʦ𡣡һ
ĻʳǣӣǲӼʫԵĺʱ⣬ͻȻӶϽѹʳǡ
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֪ܵϤϢһ߳鷿
Զǧ·һӰվʣ·ĴĻʳǣɫƽ
ĺ֤
Ĵ˫߳װڹŽĽ֮ɳڸԺ֮С
λߣֱϣ˭ǽǿ֮ˣҪ˽
Ȼ˫սڣ֤֮սʱһʱ˵ɨѼĽ֮ս
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ˣһӰһ֮ϣһ񣬵ĺǰԽˣǰƽϡ
ĺһû˵̤Զȥ
սգս
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¼ĺ֤֮ˣָһսܵס
ңǰԸ񣬾ԲܾĺĽǿߵԼսһΣгֹʱ£һξͲһôˡ
ĺ׿սмʤ㡣
ϣʵϰ䣬Ҳ֪λĳǵطʳʵ£¼䣬ΨлĳΪһ˵ڣĶʢʱڶԸǡ
Ҳҡҡͷĺ׼Ȼ˼֮أ϶ȵ˻۶ɵĽ̥ʵԹǰǰݽֹһΣûзֳʤսڷֳʤǰȷֳȴ
üͷôأΪֻ֮дˣСΪôƴֹ
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Ĭ˼Ƭ̣ڵȥĳһˣǰ鷳סˡ
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λӣĽӰ⣬Ľһ̤죬ʵһһɲ⣬һ㣬ļλᡣ
Ȼ˫棬У񽣷һתȸӶϡ

һУ˰벽𿪲Ƶһתǧǿѹɡ
˫У϶Ӱûˮתͻ赲ǰȥ
ĳһ޴ԲˮУ罣̥ˮǰĺ׾󣬽һӰվԡ
һ֤㻹ڻĳǵʸ񡣡ĺ׵
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һ̣ӰΪ뿪ֱӳԶ۶Ӱȥ
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ĳǣ֮£Ӱ۶಻磬ԶҲ
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ˣǽĽӴ֮ظ֡
ӰĬĬ𽣣Żĳ֮ȥһδӣʸ¡
ĺ飬ǽϱ飬հܽδ飬ջһˣ㲻顣
ĳһǰһ׷ӰԽľˣͻȻһӰǰⰻȻĶϽʣ೤Ľ
·֮ˣɫ£˪һ졣
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וּһ˫ӷ棬ݺΪнΧԫϱھݻ١
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һգɳһâɢ
˫˫Ϊĺףչֱѧ˿ˡ
һĳ˫ս˫нҪǲԸԶˣһ빦壬ΨԽ衣
ϻ⣬ҹɫ½ȻĿڽϽӣصöֻ
֮ǰļ́ͷԶĽ⣬ۼص˵ͷ
Ȼ˸ƷһͿ⽣ϵΪü١
һ㣬ȴΪɼ˶ٳܵĿࡣ
ţĺѩλаСǺʵţҲֻš
ĺ׾صڽǰûг֣ҲûкֹڵȣܿԼһᣬܣ


329 ֤
ĳǷս˫Ϸâҹлҫ۵Ļ⣬һһʽȻ
ȸʽ趯Իĳ˫֣˿Ҵ⡣
սķâԽȣĳ˫ǧѵһĽǿߡ
Ͻ޷棬ƫ棬˵ĸоΨǿֱӵǿ
෴ѱ棬µĶߣжϣ赲
һһ棬Ĭ޼䣬֮£ʹѹһ빦壬ȴҲܵ˲Сѹ
֮ʤ˲Ϣ֮䣬һһɱ⣬Խϲпᡣ
սȣϽ棬⣬Ƹǿ֡
Ͻǿǿƫ棬ΨнԾ
ӹŤתȴȸɿתأǧѹ£ɹ֮
棬ؽ棬õʽ˫ѱ棬Ψнӣܲ˲Ϣתıá
û飬ûгãĽ֮ս֮伫âԽҫۡ
ĳǵĽģͬһĳǣΪκԥڻĳУΨнϵ
еĽĿϾӣܿâ˿Ʈ㣬⣬ֻ֮䣬вһĲп֡
Ӷ˫ŲŲƣûκʱԥ֪һս޻ᣬĺףͱ˵Ľͻƹȥ
Ѫ磬ɲǣӰһƫܿķâһת˫һͬѹ
һ̽ϣȸâȻͬʱס棬һ塣

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ս֮У׻һն֮·պƽ赲ֱǰ
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㣬
۱裬ļŭʱޣһ̤仯׹⼫޴İ׶ӰԻֲѹȻϯ


330 ʧĶ
ǿֲֿѹ˫Ͽ𵴿ۻԪطΪ֮ڱνɫʱ
׶ӰļһûһԾ޴ĶſаԪȣ¡
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սĳǲ֮״κˡ
֮ϣſеĹüͷҲ΢΢𣬵׶Ϣ˼飬ѪԪѻĹ
սؿϵаԪ쳣ֲ߲ңаֱĿ־塣
գ㾭Ŀ¡
ļһŭȣ컯ˮ𡢷硢ĴԴХۣΣƣ㵶棬׵ӳ֣ĿУһھ컯֮Ƕڵ͵䣬Ϣ𵴣ġ
գаԪļһǿ̬֮ɫսףסȫһͷڷ裬ħ
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а٣ĺײɽ̧𣬻罣̥ӹεĽ棬һɲȴµ٣һпǧա
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һȻһ޴ĿռѺ۴ӽϳ֣˲Ϣ֮䣬ǧձء

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еӰһ̤Ӱٶʧ۷ٶȣжϣһоǺʱ١
棬һĺ֮Ⱦ죬컯磬ȾϽѪ
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ļһȻתᵶȻȴѾˡ
һӿѪȾʣĽ絽ߣ͸壬˲һӲǡ

ļȾѪѪˮȪ䣬ɫսתۼ価ȾѪɫ֮״в̡
ܣ˿졣
ļϾ֮ɫѪдѸ޸
ԶҹһĨ̾ļˣܵң׷ȴʧԭӦеľη֮ġ
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һΣҴҴȥǵ˺ΪԵˣȴû̫κļ
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ɫ̫ÿûκμɻֱĺԺʵ
һԴɫʵʵ˵ʾסˡ
ѾӣĲˡ


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֪ǰҹͣǰƽͨǺүһ˵á
ǰΪܲϢȻȻĪĿ־֮⣬ͣ
ԺһͷУһ̾߳˷䣬֪ҹץģû뵽ܿħ׷ɱȴɱܲⳡѡ
ǹǰ߳ǿѹеĿ־壬
ЦЦֶ̧סأЩӣлչˣˣҵһл
Ҫֹ˿ȴҲ˵Ψؿȥʧǰ
֮ǰ߳ǰӰƽҹҸ뿪벻Ҫǣˡ
߳ˣǣ֪ҹһĨ⻪ʵ֪δ𣿡
֪ڴ˵˿ãҡҡͷûС
ϧˣ߰ɡҹźһ̾
ǻһۺҪһ뿪ʱԶһ»ӰˣڵҹԽˡ

ҹüͷ壬ͣ½ŲӦŮ֮ˣֵֹ𣿡
Եʱ򣬸֮˱ߣһǰ֮ƽ
ҹһߵŮӣ˺󡣡
ԣĬĬ˵һߣս޷֡
أֹɳУƽ룡
룡ҹ
һ֣Ĵ棬ҹϣƶƿ˷
Ȼ죬ƽ棬Ϣȴǿƥ졣
Ƴɽֹ꣬ɽҹ˿壬Ӳӣ·硣
ǿߵս쳣ನϢʮ֮ڣʮ֮⣬ֺδˣʮ֮ڣͬ
ǿŽҹǿߣԸҲм˼ƽգּĬȥս
ԶѡĽһ֣һױȵǿ֮սɫ
֪Ĳں߳ʲô⣬Ը񣬲ʱ򻹲
ʮɵĽأ䣬ݴվˣᣬϣ˿飬ɱӹزݡ
أǿ֮ռԳܣŤһƬȻ
˽ս֮ʱԶУһɫӰ߳ƣȥϢ
߶ĻʳգɫͻȻһ޴Ƴ֣һ̣ģɫ⻪Ԥ׵ϡ
ͻʣ˭ûϵǽһһʹ֮ƺӿд
ĺɫ⻪ԵֵǾֵκһƣһΪԷӣ֮Դϱ룬Ϊǵû֮С
ǧĲ֣ǶĲ𡣡ҹһۿеӰӢ֮ɫ
֮ϣǧһĨĮĻȣڵ̫ҪǧԽˣ
ûһΣ
ҹһסҪԮΪǧȡʱ䡣
ۼϢڶŭָֽӹ֮ϣڽȻɳΪϵĻ⣬⣬¡
죬ͬ
ǿĽطƣϣµĽƣ֮Ƴ
׼ǿĽҹɫ£Ԫ˫֮٣ֲ֮ر
˫кȻײȻʾҵ˲䣬Ϊ֮һʧȥɫ
֮УܵսӰ죬ϻԵӰָһ΢Բ


335 
贫棬ڹ壬⻪ƮȥûʵĴС
ģڣҲֵסаɿƵ
Ǿź˵壬Ҳûлָ
ڹУûʵٻӰĲᣬǰķ羰һۡ
Ϊǲ֪壬Ҳһ͸˶ݡ
ǣҪȥ
ʱһϤذ׵ڿԣһֻסǣڹ֮⡣
ȸӺɳûӰУɲǼ䣬ȸ죬ҫ
أչ˺ǹ
ֽͳӰ˲ʣһնҫ۽ھ컮һɾ֣ڱλʳϿյĴսӦ飬ɢΡ
ǧһԵʱҺ֮ˣ׼ø𣿡ǰ֮ˣ˫ɱ¶һ٣תһ˲һ϶
ǧľĽӰȻ͸룬Ѫ
ҹһӲֹ֮֮ϣǧ壬˳ʮɡ
Ѫ괹䣬Ƶķ֮ǧһʱԷӦһ˼Ҫ
ҹƶסǰһ̣Ҫȥǧ֮
֪ܵͷյΪֹҹָȸ棬
Եӣǲ֪δѣҺ֮ǷҪ󳹵װȥһ
˵ӣϽȴʽʽɱڣͲһ㣬ں̫֮࣬źٷ
ҹüͷ壬߽֮У˼ǧһʱĶɵ
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δ빬һΣӲˣԲУҲܲκηˡ
ΪСڷ絲ĳڽˣȾ˿˿˪ᡣ
սºܿͽˣȴӮˣҾͽºܰأ̷ҡ
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Ӿâȭ⣬Ȼмһ֣סǿݲС
˽飬սģУⲻ֣һпһУһعһС
ɫأɱ֮⣬¡¡սڵв÷Ƽ䡣
Ժؿ첽Ŷ룬ˣ֪ˡ
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׿Խս꣬ҫۣ֮սأûıûƣΨ棬֪ܸߵء
Ȼʯ֮ϣڹ֣֯ס˫֣ƣȭơ
ǿȭǿȭ죬죬мֵˣ˭һ̸޿̸ʱǱֻΨʤߣ˵Ȩ
֪о𣿡
ۼǰѽȣһ̤˳ѹ˵ѪȻɳſ񱩵ĳâС
һն䣬Ȼ籬ŭХᵶӲӣ˫Ȼʯ֮УѪһҷӿ
һ̣һ쳹죬һεηѪ֪֮۳һӰֲѹϯ
оķ̼֮䣬չֳױȵѹȸС
ΪӵзѪ֮ˣҲΪһܾ۳֮ˡ
õķӰдһҫ۵Ľ⣬һ̣Ӱû֪ڣѪУһɲǿѹ
бƽ˲ٴαƽȻײػĴѳֲನѸٱ
Ҫܣ
ʱ֮⣬һŭ𣬰ŵмսˣεϵһԳŭ⡣


336 
ֵ֣ȴûκͣͣͬһУסţֹκ˽롣
ڣսڼսϵδ˭Ҵ⡣
μѪƣ𣬶ݣǿвϷ֮Ҫ̵ܳʹ
û˿ռеĺôҪջ񣬱Ҫء
ķ֮ɽѪ¾۶Ϊһ𽥷滯ǿ󣬱ǿų
岻ںϻԵƽﻹ֮ǿѹƷѪų֮˿̷ۣȫͷţҪѹƣѱȵ졣
Ҳǰ֮ϵԾó֣Ѫꪻƣ
ӽꪣ˫棬һȦһȦನѪȾͬѪٽ٣ڱ˫Ŀ
ȣ
˵ϢУȥನ⹫ƽһսΪ𣬶ΪػԼļ֡
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ۻӹӴߣɫ𵴣һȭ졣
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ͬصһ˰벽һĨѪ¡
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Լŵķڴ죬ų֮Խ֣֪սԼͬˣԪ۷壬н֮
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ˡ
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뵳Ƶ񱩵ѹΧŴתԿ
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꣬˰磬䲻ģҲС
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337 һս
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һ̣Ѫ֮ĩһѪɫĵ֣һ壬Ⱦ졣
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ȻѪɫˣ˲佫°׶ûɢı壬У
ѪתŰ׶һͬɢµΨʧĵĿն

޷ŵʵıζԽܣ֪ԼնĿڣоǲ⣬ΪʲôΪʲô
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һƣҲ˵ƣɱҰĺͱѣһҲ׹Ӱɢӽ֪֮


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338 ݺƽ
֪սļҰܣʱļ֮ڸһ䣬յ㡣
񽻸ҷ糾Ͳļһһ𻯹еĿռͨʥ²õĴʹ󣬻صļ
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ļҽҹһʱҲ±Ĭӭ˶ݵĺƽʣļλҲʱһ
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սЪλȫץʱˣսÿһλһ˾ɴҪʱ䰲ľ
֪Ƥ׷ԺӴظڼ䣬ĸֽС˹̵ܽ
Ժǰ࣬Ǿһ٣ʱڲ˱ںõѡ
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Ķϣս²ϣ˼ԣÿսĲпᲢÿһλҪ縺ĵӡ
ĲҫĻΡ
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ǰߵĻоϸ룬վع񣬿ǰˣ㲻ɱҵԭ򣿡
֮һҲ뿴λʲô⣬ڷǳҪһλʣԭ֪ܿˡƽ


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ʯ壬Ժз𣬽߳Ԫɢ𶯵Ĵء
ŭ״ȫ֣չֳ𾪵ʵ
ָӲսŭҹŮ֮䣬߷ֹأгδء
֮⻪ҹҡӯӯ¹ƣ㺮Ůʽ֮䣬ɱ¶յƽ
ѧ֮ںȣĽ۷Ĵߣ̤󣬷ȥһ壬֪֮಻¶˿ɫ
棬ƾ棬֮䣬գһһʽǻȪ·ظӭˡ
ֻһǰ𣿡
̤ˮ⣬Ӱм٣Ա
һˣ㹻ˡ
һ¹ɢ֮УΣɱˡ
ӲһУ΢УȻаǰٳ֣ҲδȫһʵŮ֮
˫֮ã¹㺮ŮƮȻʽ裬ȴǿľǧɵҹŮΪΪ£Ϊ룬Ϊһչѧ»ӳ졣
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ˡ
ۼʵޣ˰벽ɫ£һգԶľд򿪣ȸɳԣ
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ѩһ࣬˪ޱߺ⡣
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ʱһƽԺ𣬲֪ʱֵɫӰӵɱĽ档
ˡһӣȸʣ
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ףǰİϤıӰһĨ֮ɫ
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ǡ
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鷿Ի谵£ӳݣˮ̣ˮڡ
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ҲĿ£Ǽ٣زٶ͡Ӧ
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ͷ͵ڤ仹ܽݴأȴܽٵҲӽִԲĳ̶ȣһ˵ȡó
˫΢УʵǷֻҪȡ꣬޷٣
ˣȡͻ룬ҲҵĲ²⡣ɫ
ӦиᣬΪҪװߵ˵ʡ
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ƽҹвͬǰսǧҪڤ֮£ҵ񣬾ǽڤ̸λǿ֮ס磬λԤЩ꣬򽥽ȶս۷ս㣬ҵҲ֮ı䣬ͽڴʱأȻҲǷڤ֮ǧδɵ񡣡
Ȼԭˣֲҹʱ֮ࡣ
鷿֮⣬ҹɫ鷿ϣӳ˽̸ĵӰѲ֪˶á
ʱ߳鷿պҹŮܵϢһδ½
ĺҹ̽սһֱֹۣ˿ҹҪﱻܣʵ𾪡
ҹĻȫţҹҲһ㣬ҪҪͳ⡣
˺ҹĳ⣬ȻǰںκΣա
˴Э飬ҹݳ֣мͽѰֹڤٵİ취ͽʩѹ価¶š
ȡ֮֮£Ѷ̫Եǰս޷ʵ֣Ҫ취
պɪŻʹȥ
еĽʿԴһλλ쾳վߣƷǷɼѺ֮ˣҪ
ҹڣ벽־Ķǿߣƽһţ¶ҪĴڣȴɽնס
ŽͻȻһǿϢɫգóаնʱһ
趯գͽ٣һ仰δ˵ֱץ֮ϵŮӡ
ϴεĽѵͽ˼ԣƣ뵤
һ̣زһӵӿֱ졣
ߣ
ͽߣһתɫϢӿӲ콣
һ̣գ޿棬նħ
ʵҲġ
һ̾¥ӵ޹ŽôԵƣ˭óңᱻƣ


355 
ᣬ¥϶ٴսʤѷ֡
֮ǰ֪߳ὣأͽ벽
°ɡڵ
ǡ
λ쾳ߺͽʿѸ˳ս֡
ͽɵ֪Ľ˼ϵ룬һʱҲ³ç
ͽһΣƽ
ʲôס
ͽ
¥ұĮ
ͽɫһ׵䣬浱ɵ
ɱ㣬ܴͬߡ
δ䣬ڹͽ֣ͻȻ֮䣬һǰס·
㡣ۼǰӰͽŭ֣˵˭
·Ц⣬
Ϊ㻹мְܽ˾ߣ
ͽɫȱ仯ս¥ǵĿ㣬СһЩ
λ·ˣܲܰæλ·ɱˡߵԣʺǰƽ
д⡣
һЦӰս֣ӵɱһƬ⡣
Χ¥̲Ӧ
ͽ㻹ԥʲô¥ŭȵ
ȸĺ⣬ǰʱỮͽɫ֪࣬ı޳ܣҽǼʶˡ
ǣл佱һ뿪ʳǣ֪ģʱ󣬾ͷһ·
˵һת£Ȼͬ⣬͵Ÿʬɣڵûκλˡ
ͽɫֱ䣬һսе¥ԥƬ̣Ե¥ְʱҺܿͻ
˵꣬ͽ׿ǰˣ֪ǵԣϣ֪ΥĵĴۡ
ұ
ͽһɢ룬ʧ
ȥ¥ƸԲ֣λǿߵսֱ˸еĩһĿ־塣
ܿһˣΨеķХ¥֪ƣҪˣȸ֪սȥǰ·
ʱ㳤һ̣Ϊޣùӳ죬Ȫ;
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ǣԽǿߣԽϧԼҪЩֶΡӵϣЦ
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ʱ絶֣޾⻪ն£췢裬ҫ۶Ŀ
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Ľֵϣһսǧٿףһߵ֪֮󣬷ڡ
ʱתԶɫϢٶȱƽɫ£ǰ
۾˵һĻͽһУδϵĽ֣ʵ𾪡
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֪Ժűص֪֮ɫ
ݣȻܴˣš
֪شΣϢܿ¼䴫Ϣĵգ֪Ѹվҥץҥ֮ˡ
ȻƳҥؼ֪ȴδΪһ̣Ե˲԰ʲô
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֪ĺͱɣ֮ˣͬЦ
˫⣬¥ҷ糾֣ļӪս£Ѽݻٴδüؽ
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Ļ¥¶ҫ۵ľ⣬ԥɽ
ҷ糾΢䣬ڵ߰ɡ
䣬˳𻯹ȷȥΪһ¥ʱȥ
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ʣ֪϶ֽš
ڰԨͽһ򿪵Ĺľħ֮ţãκλӦ
ȲӦͽһֻ̾ȥ
պҹ⣬ɫϢӳŶϷȥ
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䳾еİͷѪһεηͽѪΪ֮̽Դ
ҹ֮ܵţҵЩĹ޲ĵطҪһЩʱ䣬û뵽ȴ˳
թһͷ֮Դӱ룬ȻֻҪ֮Դ٣㱾£Ÿϣ
ҵˡ
׷Դ֮ЧͽԶ򣬼Ӷȥ


356 
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֮㲻ǿǰһλĺ·߳գм»Ӱ
ϻʲôɱ˵֮Уһλɫ߳
ûᣬһСƽʵ𣿡
¡ҡҡͷ
˵꣬ǰĺ·ߣЩ˵ѧĳС˵һ䣬ͺ¿
ǣ
Цһһӣܷɵǰ˫ס˫ȻγصҪСѧˡ
ڳ֮ҲĽϵǿߣ·ɱ䵶նƹֱȥ
ﬣ
һײ֮ལն䵶һת𿪺·ߡ
˭ٸҶ£ɫ£ڵ
񡣡
һӰӥӶָצץ
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۷ǿߣһףڳˡ
ɱ
·ɫһӵն䣬ֶеǿϢڣҹ
壬壬壬λǿͬʱϣƿ죬ȪǿֶϣҪǰɱڴˡ
ţ壬λ֣ͬʮλ죬ǿݣϢһƬֱһض
նһٲɱ⣬λǿߣǿѹȣסĽ⣬ͬΨɱбϻ꣬Ѫķ
Ĵչµһ棬飬Ȫ·ظӭˡ
ϵķɽѪһһţɱĵĴĴ棬ڷ裬ɱһɲһӰ¡
һ̣ԼӪУһںɫĹŹ俪ֲϢתɫĹ⻪ۣγһ֧֮ļƿն
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˵һĻ𾪣أŻһѪǿסΣǰ״¶ɫš
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ﬣ
ࡢ졢ɳֹ꣬Ľʣڽ֮УɱȥһԵСƽ߰ɣʱ֮͹ȥˡ

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ͻȻĿһʹǧģһһӳС
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ǰԶĬԣ֮ʹǳܹܣ󱲵ִţۡ
ƪ֣Уˣž޴ʹ࣬ҲΨдʱ˴֮䷽ܸܵԷĴڡ
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һµѶͬСȻ֪λãҲҪͨڤزУһλӽִԲǿߣʵûʲôġ
Ľ紦ڤ޷ݣҲ޷ڤڵ磬ų֣ޣڤҲҽ̫
ǣӽִԲĵˣҲ˵ͨͨġ
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лָ̡
ͷһ˳ȥ
պӰعҹ˾ʱԺУƾճ֡
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һֱиʣ屾Ŀ𣿡ʵ
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ǾͶлǰĿ¶
Ҫǰûô죬ңҲܰ׽̣ҲҪġЦ
΢䣬ʲôϣüɡ


357 һ˫
ǣĸϳ˼λһУΪܸʲôꣿ΢Ц
֪Ҫʲôʵ
顣嵭
΢΢𣬵ԽΪû飬ѲôҪ
ҲҪҲҪһһ˭Կ岻Ϊ
ҪһеĲˮʵ
֮ƽ
Ǳˡ
ҡҡͷֱӾܾõ֮ʱӦһˣὫ֮ˣĹ޸ˡ
üͷ΢壬вˮĬĬƷ̧֮ͷһ֮ټһ֮
ǿס豭ǰϵĳ嶯û١
㼱ҲЦ
мһ֣
ִӻóһҳƵ鶪˹ȥЦȥɡ
׼ˡӹ飬
Ӽ𣬾ͷСһֱٴŹ⣬㻹浱ʲô֪˹
ǣȻϵһЦ˵һ䣬ȸ˹Ͳ𣿡
һܴüʲôвޱӵ
޻˵
ɫ飬߲ϣѲƲصǿܿſƬ̣üͷ壬ˡ
壬˶ꡣ̧ͷҧ
岻غűеĲˮشһٶţʱ̫Щǲˡ

Ѳ֪Ҫ˵ʲôʱڲָķ̫ս
һ䣬彫ܵشһ䣬ԣڷһԱǰǧҪСġɫѵ
лѡӦ
ͽ˴ȥ˸ɽȡ˲֪ʲôʮа˾߾Ѳ˸ϵڣͽܻܿжҲܳڴˣʲô£ɣ֪ô֪ͨҡ˵

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ʱܰ䣬Ҳܽȳݶ飬ġ
ӦһʲôҲû˵תҪ뿪

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ҴӦĸ׻֮㡣
䣬ѩۣһ̣Ԫӿǰߵ֮ڡ
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һУѪɳһһصѪۣ֮壬Ѫ֮У죬أˣԪ꣬ѪΣ
վƾմ죬ԻУϢѸٱԪѪġ
ʱһһչȥʮգ鷿ղû˸ҽȥš
֮֮߳ʧ
ɽԭʼŵأ¾Σɽ֮С
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ǰ
ʱʱ֪Խ࣬ͷӵļ֣Խ˶ݣû˽ĵˣΪ²ǧĴͿ̿һȱǧ֮꣬ʥͣҲˡ
ʱ䲻࣬ʼɡڵ

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˵꣬һңһһڹŽɳ󷨿̫ǰԻԽΪ󣬲ת
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ʱҹ̣Уͽгҹ䣬оͻȻ
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358 ɱӤ
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359 Σ
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Σڤܽ٣κϣ᳹վʤǰѾѪܵĽѵ


360 Դ
ռ֮⣬ʱţУʱͣԲתʮȥ̤ͽǰһ߳ļϽ֡
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361 ڤ
𿪣³Ӱ˲ս֮Уַ棬һƿա
ͻȻĽԷӦٶȣڳ˵ϣδع塣

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ɡҹǰе
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ӹâʣҹıȷҪǿǣҪĶֽǳԽ޵ڤΣ˭ұ֤
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ҹҡͷףһ죬ڤ̾ͻȥҪ֮£պ취

ͷǰȥ
ҹ㣬ڵһá
ףһӣѪɫɳǰС
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ռһ޴Ŀſɭţûһ˿Ϣ
ҹһǰһУռպϣ֮ʧ»ָƽ


362 ڤ
ɭŵĿռ䣬ݴغڤ磬һסĵ򣬻ţûһ˿Ϣ
磬ҹһǿߵּӳ֣ȶ
ҹٸ·ķȥڤ֮ǰȡ
ͽ뿪裬ֱӶԻڤõʱݴ
ޱ޼ʵ޿ռ䣬ӹٶԽԽ죬಻ԶҹӰһں⻪ٿ֡
½󣬾߶ȼУΧ
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ҹͣ½ŲǰԶУһ̨̨֣ϣǿϢɢƾˡ
꣬ҹ̵ĵһǰ
ڤµӡǣҪγܻܿᾪڤҪʮϢʱ䣬аյ𣿡ҹһԵˣ
Թ֪ɫص
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ҹͷԪʱ׼Ʒӿۻƣ춯ء
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ӷ֮ȥˣ𺳣һ̣ʧ


363 ʽ
ҹУӰ֣ŻһѪȾء
µڤʵƵǿĲƥУʽ֮䣬ۻԵֵ
ǵ¸ǿϣȻܴˣ֪ڤ٣Ľѡ
ӦЩ߰ɡǿѹƣڵ

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ҹ̴ڣսڼ°׹⻪УɫǹӰκ棬е꣬Ѳ֮
»֣֮ӲǹӰѹȣһʱԷֳʤ
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ӺײͣϢѿĿռ»ָĿռǰǿִԲҲԴƣòʱ


364 
һڶǿ߶ϣһƶˣʥŵǿߵϡ
ִԲ֮߼Ĵڣ۷壬˼޵еǿߡ
ٷ֮£ǿ߶Ҫ׳ƳС£Ҿ
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زȫĮ
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365 
ǰ˼Į˼ְŮӣҲƽ࣬úþС
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Ӳ֮УǧܴѪܣɽˮϣѪޣ졣

һƺߣǰ룬ͽסһǰ֮ˡ
ѩǧصһѪɽīӰ
һ̣ӰһӲһΪ

ʹ֮У񱩵ĺɫϢɢûս˳ܿͽ֮
ĺѩ֮˺󣬳ӰγɲǣѪȪӿ
ǧҪǰȴס
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صͽѲֹһΣȻÿһζ֮ڤڴϣ̫ͷٷʲô⡣
ȡطԴҪ
䣬Ԫڣҫ۵ѪУԴңӦͽϷɳ֪С
Դջأɣǰ̫֮壬٣ϡ
񱩵ĺɫϢͽɢ룬һ޵еڣҲߵĩ;
˵һķϻ乭Ѫãɫâƿնȥһ֮񻰣Ҫ׽
ͽһĻɫ䣬ȻҪֹȴ
ʱһֲײͻȻݴصĿռ֮Ҳ𶯡


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376 
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377 
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ƵԺĿǴ꣬սɢƬǧĴʥشݲдӣվʧܣڤǿԿϣ
ĳǣһսĺ׳ĬУ罣̥ɺϢκα仯
Ժ֮貵ĶĿе࣬Զա
ɽĺѩ֣ģĻ壬
ŮӻԣٽұܿҪܲˡ
̾һǰŮӣԻңУҲɢ룬Ϊûĺѩڡ
ֻЩʣµľͽˡ
ǰɽɢۣϹŮС
̫ױһ̣ѣɢΡ
һ٣Ҫζȹ첻֪ز֪ΨԼȥŬѰҲ֪Ƿڵǰ·
Ļʳǣҹ˻ץʱˣӺ͵ˣҲ֪ȥÿ˶Ҳûϣ
ನݸزչƵ԰ƵİУĩգȻΪǰʵ
ձޣһδȴĵһδ߹ѹء
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ҹ̣ڰԨڤԴ壬޸߾
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ǡͽȥ
ͽ뿪ڤ֮⣬ƽݲȫҲ޷ȫ٣˵һϴѾ㹻վ̫鷳
ڱУڴ֮ǰҪҵʣޱԴ޸߾彵ʱֵ


385 ˼
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ͥģǲһ̲ٷȨƽգĵǣվڤŭ˭޷⡣
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ԣɫһ΢΢ɫ˼˾ٷʵ̫һڤʮ֡
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裬һһУʶνա
Уڤ̧֣֮ʱر䣬棬ŭУΧر䣬׿Х֣졣
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ĳǣǰĺƽվ⼫תʱǿʱƼ֮еݵһߣΪ֤Ϊս
ʦ𡣡ɫ価ǵǣʦǿԷɼʤʵ̫ã
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ʱһ֪ʱὣĿĺܼ򵥣ֻΪػĳǡ
Ȼ֪ӺʱʼĽʧȥ˵ıģ򽣣Ƚֻнߵ̫Զ˺ͷһ
ԭǸߴʤֻǣĽ뿪˼䣬Żܲߴδʧů


386 ڤ
Ļʳǣҹ˹ȴҲҪҹ䡣
˼ڤļʵ̫٣Ψ֮Щõ
УԪ߶ҹ䣬ӦһȦȦɫ⻪ֱǧ֮⡣
ҵ𣿡ʵ

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ǰڤϢݴʧӦþȥļ˵ļвֹзˣһͷԴ϶Ѿڤߡ˼ãع񣬿ڵ
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387 ֪ع
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388 취
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壬ˮѸɢ룬ʱй⻪ȥʧȥйʡ
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һʯ׷ɣײϵ֮⣬Ԫ޾𵴣ñݲеǧٿ׵Ĵ١
ĴսನþòɢɳŭУڤǿһսգʤˡ
ͻȻڤǰ֮һĨѪӿ죬֮䡣

ڤһߣ˳벽ϢһҵĲȡ
һ֪һ֮ʽ˴˼֮УԽȤζˡ
ڤַסؿڵƣһȥķ򣬻ȡѱԴһ̣֮ɢΣʧ
˫һع飬ˣ˼֮УվΪ˵Ŭòʱֹͣ
ȥصɲֹһսˣȻȴҲ˼俴ϣ
˫ƣڤ֮ȱ˵һսΪ˼ǿٶ֮ʱṩõĲο
Ļʳǣ֪´ŻԵĺѩأһѪŻ
ǿµһ첽ǰסǰߡ
ȡǡ
䣬Ӱ£ͬԹȥ
һ̣Ҳܵ˼΢Ϣ˵ǰˡ
ĻʳѲǰȫ֮أڤٴ֮ǰ뾡뿪ǳ
¼䣬ǰȫ֮ء
ȥļ
ʱ߳ڵ
üͷһ壬ûΪΣļԶǶ˵룬ûκá
ҷ糾ͻȻʲôǰߣһĨ֮ɫ˼ǣ֮ͨ

ǵͷɫصʥˣ֮ǿסͨһЩʱ䣬ȻĵڤǣΪȡһ˿Ϣ֮Ӧûǿԡ


393 Ů
Ļʳǣ壬죬ֱΪشˣȵϹڣһս֮ԪѪĴܴء

ǰʶһƺߣһ壬ɢ룬ǿʩչУԳС

ҷ糾״Ѹǰˣǰڡ
֣ͬȶ֪壬Ӻ˫ۣǿʹָڹɢ֮ǰʣעһڡ
һ̣𣬺뱾壬ʣΡ
ػ壬֮УϢ֮ɢ˯
˵׼ͨ
ͬҲŲ˶ˡɫص
ްʱǵʱ뿪˵
ô죿ǵ
ڤԸ߰ͨ˳֣ңսڤܴᣬһεĿ꣬ȻǷԴ£˴ѡ
˫侲һսڤ˫ƣҪȡԴ޲߾Ԫ𵴵
һڤ޸Ȼ򣬽ʱ֮ͻȫ٣ؼ䣬ûκֹܹ˼Ĳ
ǵĻѲ࣬ڤ֮ǰһҪͻ߾硣
ЩףΪǣҦˣ¥˵ĵڤԹҪз£¥ԷԴѾãò
˵ҷ糾һԱߵǳвп±仯޳û뵽һĵˣȴΪ˲սѡ
˼Ƭ̣ڵĺѩܴ̫أҪҰȫ֮ؾȥļõѡ¥֮£ԻСӦΪأٵ顣
Ȼˣ̶ɡڵ
үһҪСġϧ˫ǰ

ͷӦ£һˣ߰ɡ
һ̣һӳ𻯹ȷ򼱳۶ȥ
˼ϣһˣݴ֮Ͼ󲿷սڤ֮ǰ˼Ѳ
˾ĳϿգͻȻͣΣ·İӣ֣صĺǰ׼ʱļݴ֪֮ͨǰɷͬС
ȥɣһû꣬ȥˡ
֮ǰĺƽһγʱ˵ĸоȫͬԵѰķˣҲ޷ܵκν⡣
ǳ΢УָоʶȻԣѾܽˡ
Ҳ˲֮ͬһ̾ûٶȰӰӳԶȥ
˸ϣʱʧ
𻯹ȣһӰռͨٳʱļ֮
˳֣ǰΣɫһ
谭ͨĿռѾʧǰĨȥһƬգֱ˸е޾ɭ䡣
ʣ˵ֻһˣڤ
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ʯʥصλΪһ壬ѹ˵Դơ
ʯΧˣüͷ𣬲̫ԣʥʷأ۵ˣӦԶֹЩ
ǵЩ泱𣿡ҷ糾ǰ룬̾
һ뵽ʲôɫ΢䣬𾪵ѵ
µûЩʥصιģҲǲ֪ã֮ò;ϣ˿־塣ҷ糾̾
ԣ⣬ѹֵô취泱˶ȴܱʿ񱩵˻ⶫιĹ
һӣɳʯ֮ϣƬ֮Χ䣬޾ʯע뵶֮С
ǡڵ
ǵͷǰһ̧ˣΪһ޴Уӿںϵٶȡ
ʱʯڵѽɺԣʯ֮ϣ鵶ʹ⻪תҫ
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飬תԭ·ء
ҷ糾Ǹϣһͬȥ
˳ʥأûκͣߵӴȥ
ͬʱһ޴ĹŵУһһֲϢ٣ÿһλԲľ磬ѹõеĿռ䶼Ť
񹬵칬ɽĹ𣬻Խ֮صλǿڣ۹ŵڣڤ֮¡
ǰԴͨΪ⣿칬һģӰ
ӷĪ֮Ҳкµʱ𣿡𵭵һЦ˵
ͺ¿ĪҪǰģӦ֪λڤĺ
ƶɮ֪ԣŻᾡԼһֹҶӦ֪֮ĿռǲܵסڤģǰˣһٵĺʾϵЦȥƽ
ѷִҲã򣬻һӦԴ˴ڤвɡ֮صһλӰڣĮ
ڤ˴ν٣δʮа˾ǳʲôıزȫһֱͻƣڤ˼䣬ҲܴƣֹĿܡУһֱû˵Ůӣ侲
Ů˼ǣ칬üͷʵ
ѡǿߣݣǿԵĻһλӽԲ֮ǿ߹ȥ
Ů磬ڿռϵƣǲܹȥģһλӽԲ֮ǿ߹ȥȴܡ
Ѷ̫󡣡
칬û̷ȴҲûдӦΪԽǿ֮ˣԽʱܵųҲԽҪһλӽԲ֮ǿ߹ȥʵһ򵥵¡
֮⣬һԭͬ׽
˴ȥݵˣ˵ǶԸڤ˵ȥЩ˵ѡһλӽԲ֮ǿߣôȥңһһ仰ܴɹʶ


394 ֮
ŵ֮У巽̸뽩֣˭֪һλӽԲ֮ǿߣεһ͵ݣŻĿԣ΢΢
ѡ
ڽԴʱŮٶȿڣ˵֮󣬻һתƾһλӽԲ֮ǿߣǾԲֹڤǷҲӦóһЩ⡣
ŶŮѡǣ칬һĨɫʵ
Ǻܿͻ֪Ů
ȻŮɽҲСԸϴϬŮһ֮𿪿ڵ
ʥǣôֱʡƤЦⲻЦ
ɽĳ⣬ȾϲЦ
ߣͺ¿㲻ؼңеǲΣȻƴǡ
ȫִ֧˴жóĳ⣬Ůʧ칬̬ͬ
ãպ󣬳ŵأŮλݹ١
䣬ŮӰȥת˲ʧ
ӷƶɮҲˡӰɢΣӹŵȥ
ڡ
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뿪칬ɫ£֪ŮºʱһλӽԲǿߣ
ҡͷҲǵһ˵λŮһأʵԿ͸
ŵأ;УһλŮӾַӡǣһ˿˿λ壬ƣ߷ֲͬգһĮһ͡
һ˫ֳ֮ȴҹеĲбӵӽִԲϢţ⾹ֻһ
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ͬʱļ֮ϣͨؼʱ̣˻飬ĿϢȶˣΣ޾
һԣͬʱת屾Դ֮ƱУһ޴г֣ϼȡŷԲǧ֮ڵ
һ̣ʥ˽㲢ڣռͨڡ
һɲǣ֮䣬¡¡죬Ҳ˻Ԫе
Ŷ
ڰԨڤ˫ۣһת˲֮ɢΣʧ
ͬһʱ䣬ĳ֮Уһֱʣ⣬죬ݡ
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򽣻ʣγĽƣӿֹ
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У罣̥ɳɲǣãҫ۵Ĺ⻪Уտ
ĽԽб棬δռֵѺۡ
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ĺ⶯л罣̥ʧǧٽӰһУټУһߣ·â˲Ԫ
һ壬Ѫӿһ֮Դа֡

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ĳϿգսڼݺĽ⣬ڽߺ䣬ϽһǿһУһпһС
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һԪһѪڤۣѪʣȾ¡
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ڤ֣ɢʣĽ⣬ۣ˿ϣָ
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һ䣬ڤ̼䣬콵ƹһԾ콵£˫֮ϣ˻ľףʣ֮л󣬷Բǧ޶ɢ
ĳǣ˫ǣ䣬УֲĽѡ
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ٽ٣ĺǰδеƽһݣת˲󣬽֮־޾ӣԲǧ硣
һ֤졣
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֮Уǿ֮һ֤죬뽣Ψһػһҫ۵⣬貣ɲǼķɣʮؾʧɫ
ǿһ¼н߶ֳܵԽһеĽ⣬׷ʣ¶֮ɫ
ļ֮ϣҪȫͨܵϤİĽ⣬ɫ
ĺǰ
֪ͱ񻰣Ӵˣݴأա
֮ϣ⣬кȻ¡¡Уɢѣֻ֮Ρ

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ڤǰǹۣõӰɽģ֮ǰأȴǲ֮壬δܻȥ֮
ߣ֡ڤڵ
ĺס


395 Ů
֮ĺԪɢΣ֮ϣ򽣱ͱ񻰡
ڤǰ֮Ϊǵʧһ˲֮䣬ƱãԲǧзɽƮҶΪﾡһ⣬޾ڡ
ĩԪɢֳ֮御
Ľȥ٣ȥΣһһʼתγһ޴ĽƷ籩
Ŷ
ڤΧתĽƣɫ̧ӳ籩ɲǣ˲ɢΡ
ʱ̣ԽޣԪأΪļ֮·
ִ𣿡
ڤַ£ڽУδٳ֣֪Ʋпִţһλᡣ
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Ȼʥأ顣ҷ糾

˼ͷӦ
뿪عʥأǵʱѲ࣬һڤһս
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ٴԣһЦ˫ؿԶݣûٶ˵


396 
ݴأѩëһ£ҹԽԽ䣬ɵԽء
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һһսڤչֳʵѹԵƴݻķһһĨȥ˼ϣ
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һѪȾ죬Ŀк죬¥ܿ羰˲Ϊûд
ǰ֮ʵ֮ƽ¥һ£ڤ޸ͬҲҪԴԣ㼴˷ԴֻͬΪڤͽ¶ѡ
Ļ¥У֮ʵ֮˫һĨ⻪Ѹȥ
ԭԭ
Ҳ˵Ļһ˿ʶɢȥ𳾰У֮
ҷ糾δģˡڵ
ģôֵ𣿡ҷ糾һ̾
ĲֵΣ֮ǰĲֵΣ¼࣬ȨԹƽ
һ֪һֺ֣Ψһͬǣ֮ԳΪ֪Ϊ
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һԣܵ˺еı仯һ̾ȴû˵ʲô
֪ӽ˽ĸ֪࣬ǣȻȫͬȴܹ⣬ûˣֻݲð档
ûһе֪Ļѿˡ
߰ɡ
һߵӣڵ

ͷȥ
Զȥҷ糾ȥˣĬãң֪ĻӲԼϡ
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ʦȥסеĺˣ¶СԴһԵĽʺһ磡
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ˡ
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ӽǿдߵСȥһԱ󣬳Ϊ˹Ŀ࿴֮Ů
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ѵһΣȴ֮תȥ
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ã᷿ķϣѪɢһٺ⣬ֶһ̳ƣλǵΰƵķ𣿡

򿪾̳һھƣܵлոУ˵Ư𣿡
Ưͷ
ƯŮˣǿ£ҵġһЦ
˭֮ɫ
޼Ӧ
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СʱڴɵСӡֹһھƣ
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ǰãļԼʦ𣬶ݵĽźҲָŮıԣǡ
ǰδеĵػشǰÿһ⣬ѰС£ϵ⣬֪޲޲
˺ܶ󣬽ĶԼʦĲ飬Խݣֻ֣Ҫʳ⣬ʦûдġ
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ĿУʦʦӦΪһԣͬӦöкøС
µЦЦóԼӻк⣬Ů䣬κ飬õĽ֡
ģ㻹ᣬЩ飬Һʦ˵ʮݳ޵Ķ˵һֳۣܲǲͬܳҪֵܻи֮ˡ
ʦĻƶǶĵ˵ͷеԻΡ
ǰãã̸ˣһֱ̳¸߹ң罥𣬿Ҷ׷ɣȥ䱯ࡣ
ͽһƣһޱ߼ʵغ˵˵˵ʲôԼǵˣ˼伲޹أڤ޹أֻ˵³λƯ쳽ļҵľúȡ
˵Ļ⣬Ů˺;ƣҲӦŮ˺;ơ
лᣬһҪȥһе³ǣ˵ĻǲôƯǲŵ
ԻҵƷǲܻҵ۹⡣еľƣ
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ݴأҹУڤգ޷ת⣬֮ϵĴѾԭ
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ҹǰһӰ£Ҫһսڤ
ɫϢӿڤһ۵·һˣƽĮ֮ɫ
࣬ǲ֪ߣһЩһ̫ˡ
СģڤƺȬˡ
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ռƻ󡣡Ůֿ棬
ϴϬʣҫ۽޾ڣɽʥϴնҵֳ֮御
ͬʱγ콣֮棬Ԫ۷壬һ̤׿ս֡
λȫעӣԪʱ׼֡
콣ڤ̧֣ȻâԪۣȻ
һУǿľ׼̣֮սˣǰܿٵ
һ̣ϴϬӹնҵʥâɡ
нϧ̫ˡ
ڤ𿪷ɽʥһأǿѹ⣬ض
Ůˣܿâ֮⣬֮ѱ޿ɱܣϴϬʥӴߣȻӲ
ѪȾʥͬһʱ̣λֶˣâڤ崦ҪѨԪȶѽ֡
ɲǣ콣âĿڡ
ڤ̧֣֮л֮ʣŮӰ۷أϴϬʥٶӲԪ
ƣַ棬ǿ£Ԫ𵴣֣ȴǽȫɳȥ
гԪ𵴽һӾ磬ϴϬһ磬ڽҪ֮ʱһͣԴС
ڤ֮ץסʥѪԽ£ʥײնҵַ֮Ƿ˿ڣһʱ侹δ̸ԭ


398 ս
ҹǰǿսڤһһĹƣ¶˿϶
񹬵һߣ⣬һ콣ķâȫʱ
Ů˻ɽϴնҵ֮ҫ۽âӰΣϹҪ
ֻЩ𣿡
ڤ̧֣ԪȺƵ߿ʱһͣȫɳȥ

һڿŻ죬ǿŮ벽Բ֮۷ǿߣλϵĴ̾ͷǣ֪㣬Ժ
ڤĲ٣˫һŭΧȶ֮졣
ۼ֮н٣ŮޣϴϬ⼫ʥâᴩأ֮зͥ񣬹䡣
ȣ
ͬʱעԪ֮Ӵʥ֮
˫Ȼޱ䣬ɴأѿɳǧɡ
ǵһʥ۶ϣһԣĽ֣վ޷죬֮ǰΨнС
һ䳾ӰѪӿȾ쳾ɳȾأԶǶ
ʣˡ
ڤ̧֣һӿһУҪ׽ߵ
תֻء
ۼڼŮǿģתԲ֮ʩչı֮УʱһӴŽ档
ײռ¡¡𶯣ӦɢɢĿɳУŮʧӰȥ
ڤһߣӰŲƣӰѸٸϡ
ͽ״һ壬ͬȥ
ˣŶȥˣԽԽǿȫֵ֮ܵѵǰ˼串һĻҪٴݡ
֪ɺϣӵ𻯹ȣȥǼ֮أؾͷ
ͬһʱ䣬ļʥأһλλǿߴӱչ߳ԤʾһսĽ١
裬壬˫ںϣȫۣһ۷ʱ̣ڵѹֱ۷徳硣
ҹݵһǿߣҹ̵һˣΪһ鷲壬ȴǾž޵ǿʱ䲻ݽسһλԲǿߡ
׼𣿡
ۣ֪ǰһӰƽ
ʱԳҹڵ
߳ħƣüħӡԽޣʣ޼ԣȻҪš
һ٣̫ˣ㸶ٶۣҪڤͻȥ
˶ǰ֮յһսվ١
𻯹ǰŮ·ߣ𵴣˵ʮɣѪ䡣
ش֧ˣһѪǱ֮֮ǰ֣Բֻ
ڤĮؿһ۱ɳȥˣᣬߵͨǰַתȻײ֪µķӡ
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ʱһԿռͨӳµķâЯˣȻնǰ
ڤ̧֣âȻɳ֮ϣ֮ɢ
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ת·һսǿֹᣬʧܣ˼ٲ
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ߺáͷ
һݣɢȥ˫֮С
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ô
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ӰӹӵУԻն䣬Ӳ
졣
ͬʱϣ޾ײ档
ħֻء
ߴ߶ħԪһֻأС
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г֮ʣԹ֮ͻƻԪڤؿڣһٲõѪ
¼״Ӱӣ֮ǰħƿգֱڤҪ
ôô
ڤɫһ䣬ǿؿھʹħ
һ̣ʺ¡һ죬٣ϣҪǰԮֵˡ
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Уڤְ̧ǰĿڣ޾ʱ֪֮Ѹٱɢ
ڤ˼䲻Ӯˡ
Դ壬Ӱת˲ɢ֮
Դع飬ڤֲۣ絴ʮչ˲Ϣ֮ȥΡ
ڤڤ߾֮һ̣Ҳʧ𵴵Ԫȶκ㡣


399 ĺڰ
ڤȫ˼䣬ɫϢӣѹȣ񾪹塣
𵴣ڳ˽ԱʮѪ¡
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졣
ҷ糾һĨʹһӣһԵԹУһ̤⣬ն
ɡ
󾪣ǰͦȡ
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ڤƣ汼еĽ̵ɳȥѪӿȻ䳾֮С
ನ޾ҷ糾ͬɣѪˮʡ
ġ
Ļδ˵꣬˫۹âȥһ콾ҰϣӴȻš

ҷ糾ʹ絶ʣĵӰȴ治죬Ψзŭͻںޣɱġ
һߣҹۼս־䣬ӰӶҪǰԮ
ͬʱͽѪȥǰ·
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ͽδӦ˫ɲǺϲһͷ­𣬾˼һۣʣµΨлں޺Ͳʡ
ԹɢҹûκͣӸԮĻᣬΣǶٰܡ
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ɳ
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к޻ڡ

ҹ¶ɫǰ˼ѣ˿˿ϣ
ʽһ졣
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巽֮УڤֻһϢһѹ֡
ˡ

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ħɢû֮ǣһѪȻ䣬ħˡ
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
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ˡ
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ҹ½꽻ħױڷӿ
Ѫƣ̣һ̣޺·Ψսֻսݡ
ԶսನսֵŮˣǿǺĲҴս𺳡
ս֮⣬۴սεȲңȴʼδ֣վһ
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٣֮ۼӣһڶϽǰµУȻһɳȥ
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ҵս֣ĴأѱѪˮȾ죬־Ŀ״ηĸ߰ǰһˣΪĶ֡
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ҹٵУȻһ죬꣬ħѳϣֳѺۡ
ϣһս⣬ꪹⲻϽΪ
ʱѵʱýˡ
սˣѵҪ֮ʱüޣڤԸϣǰˣ˫̧𣬺¡һ콵֮ϣּӿΪһ޴У˫֣ɽĿֲƣضҡ
Զҷ糾״˫ǿгشһ̤ٶȲս֮УԹѪлնĿѪ⣬ĿҪ
Ȼ죬Ԫµ֮棬һָ̣죬ǿ֮вؼ̼֮䣬ױںƵ
ף졣
ǿ֮У䣬ҹӸն䣬ɫЯ޾֮ХȻײ
˫ɢΣͬһʱ䣬ͻƻԪ赲ᴩ֮

ڤһƺߣѪ䣬ս׶ش
һ׹谵ʣؿھʹ˫вкȻѹ£֮䣬ռʧؾɴꡣ
صһУѷԵֵۼϣҲ֮ϣ˼޾Թ׹£Ȼ
˵ײѣΣ֮ɢ֮䡣
Թľڤļʧٶȳ֣Ҫ׽һսʱһ̶ķ쳹죬ڣµĺȻȻ
Գ壬ڤԪһ𵴣ֲ֮ס
һ̣ս֮⣬һֱδֵڶˣ鿪Ȼ»䡣


400 
֣ӯӯ¹ҫ̼䣬ᣬ
죬֪ʶҷǣӹڵĺȻײڤԪֳ
֪Ძ𣿡
ڤߣϢ𵴼䣬ѹʶķ
սУ»̣ǣѪ䣬裬ÿһϢڲ
£֪µ֮Щ֡ߴٵ
һʶϱõڤħǰδеĳء
һݲһߺһˣݺƽпûѡѡһͱ֪̫ƽ
£Ҫ֪ǵ
ҹҷ糾Ӱӳ֣˫죬ȻײԪ
ǳͬʱǺâƿնĿڡ
ղкӳ¡
ǧ䣬ӽǰ˫˫ĿӲҪƿԪػΪ߿ٳһƽ̹
࣬Ҳգ޴
ڤۣ֣ĳƥ
ڤӮˡ
ҹ֮ɫԪޣӲУȻһ壬ǿһӲǣѪӿ졣
ͬһʱ䣬˲Ƶ֮棬Ԫڴﵽޣɢ롣
ħ
бʹħԪעħ֮УһӳЯֱ֮Ŀ֮ǰ
졣
һ壬Ѫӿ˳ħ֮沴䣬߱ͱ֪

ڤһߣǰ֮ˣ˳벽Ϣ
屻٣ӿƮ㣬˼ʶҲ޷ͣʱع߾硣
ɫǵۣл֪֮Իͱڤ
֪һӮˣսʤϣ֮ʱ˼仹˺ˡ
䣬ڤ֮ɢ룬һ⻪˷ʱߵıԴ֮
ԴԴɳȴǲͬķ֪ԥץԴ
ڣɹˡ
ĿĴ꣬һλһλսӢ꣬ҹԵأڵϣൽ;ƿ̡֮
ס
ǰԪ룬Ҫǰ
ˡ
֪޷죬ҹֹ׷Ŭǿվǰ֪ڵСӣʲôδ˵Ըץʱɡ
ڡƽ
ڡҹӦ
ʱ̣жһصӰӳźȥ
֪֪л̬֮ԽȣȻֲ̫á
ү
磡
һֱڸеϧؼ״Ծס죬ˮε¡
Բ𣬵һʳˡ
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أҰɣҵʱѲ࣬Ҫ콫ŮȻء
˫ۺص˵ͷ鷿Уǰ֮š
ģһ׺ԣУ޵ٻӰ˯ƽͣ˿ʹࡣ
ǰȡԴУһ̣Դ壬ʧŮӵС
ȴḶ́һ̣̣еٻӰȴʼûһĨˣȲ
ʱѵһ̾תһˣأϧټˡ
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İĿھʹų⾧ƬƬ㣬һҲ֮Ѹɢȥ
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ˣˡ
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δ֪ľ磬δ֪ûκԻΪʵʡ
ݴأķɵΣԽֽκΣΪڤ˼䣬ݵǿҲ޷赲Ľѡ
칬ǵҰģŮĿ࿴ˡ
ԺַŮŴķҪһ¸ߣֻһˡ
ʱľУ鶨֪ʣ꣬Ż쵤ǿеס˺һᾡɢȥ
ŮҪ飬֮Ȼѻ꣬ȴһ֪һ꣬䣬ʶԲ
Բ֮һ磬˭֪ʲôҲṳ̂ǰУڤѳʧ
û֪²⣬ܻ̤һ֮֮ʼںϲתΪκԵĹ壬ԲŲСջ
鷳ǣѻûнҪõ֮ͱ벹ȫȱٵһ꣬份ѣʵһװ쵽顣
ԹǣԴĽɣԲ֮Ҳ޷ȫ˽⣬ҲֻڤֳԽصĴڣ͸еܡ
ƾմһ꣬ڣΨһİ취ҵʧķԴﶨȻŴ˵Ĳֻʱ취ȫȱһꡣ
ݵʱڶ౾ԴɢʱϢжϣԴǳϷȥһβ·;Ҫץʱ䣬һɢǰŬͰ׷ˡ


401 򲢺
ķͨ쳹أɢؼıԴϱ򣬲ƺӶᣬһȱأԴѸٿݽߡ
ڤ֮ٺݵǿӶʢʱֱ͹ȣĶǿܴ̫أȫأʱѲ
֮ϣ񹬺֮ΪԽԽǿȫΪʵʣԽѰԲܴﵽĳ̶ȡ
ǿϲҲԽԽҪ̤һرҪضüޡ
ݴϣʧǧ˵ĴȻĺɽʱظսʳķ裬ڽֿɴǰıÿ֮ǳУλӵĳڳ͢һΥѵͼԲ
һºıѾõľų֮ڲԼҰģΪɣ˱ϣȻҡ
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֪͸ԣ˵ϲŭԹκζҡԼ޻ڡ
ҹ𣬴ңʽȺ۸ݵʱû޵еĻʳս𣬷
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402 Ů֪
ݴأսҵĳǳԽԽ࣬ϱͬʱһ·оٶԽԽ졣
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շӵԤԽʵĵĸѽǰ
֣Ľʿ۱ʿȫ·磬֮¼˭֪ǣڤ֮УѾȫսǧĴˡ
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СʩָΣ
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һ䣬˿ģĹֿ˿ǰĹͷСУһĨɻΪʲôпԲͷ
С˼ԣ²ҲѣһЦĶǰСһɾ޹λڤͲٽˡ


403 ֪
Ļʳǣ֪峿֮ʱϧԵϣƳ˷䡣
ůĳ䣬ϣůůģɢһҹĺ䡣
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սôķѣĳʱ٣δ빬֪ȴκʱƽľˣ
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ڷӵУӦˣڷʱҹ̶ʱֻڤʱǧĻʳܳųգһŵ漣
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ͬʱӰҲ˶֮Уɫˣһӽ֪
Լ콾֮ʲǳľ콾ĺѡ֮һֻΪѰǰԼڶһڹ
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ɴУְңǱߣһεѪ£Ĺ֮ϣ֪ʱһĽ۳֣ᴩĿ쳣


404 ƽ
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ȡϧߵĺȥһ£ɫڰĳڱ󣬼򵥶ӡ
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ʳ֮£ǻڼ᧿ΣĴĻʳǣѵ˳Ƶͷ
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ղĬҲû׷ЩѲ統һֺá
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405 
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Ա˺ݣԼݣĻԨɲ⣬Ůǰ˵ۡ
Ů֪֪ͬ䱡飬ߵˣȴӣñԼҪ
֡
һЦΪ˾£¹Ʒˡ
˭һɢ룬御ϣһݽߣӶ˻У֪Ϊķ˺εȾ޴Ĵۡ
Ʒ𣬺ǣ治٣һ飬Ż쵤ᾳŮ٣Ի֮ΪۻĵĵرͲһһˣһʱҲꡣ
Ůˮһڣ
ǰŮӵĻŲ豭֣һ飬ǷƺЩˡ
𣿡вˮ
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Сӿˣɲ٣ҪѣҪСģҪ
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һҲɫʵ
ѻڤ֮սУ֮ҷ糾ˣ֪ҪõӦ졢ءС
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¹ǧǧ򣬸г̣鲢Ǿʺÿһˣºķ˴ĴۣȻأΪ˶һʵֵ̫á
Ҳ޷Ҫ֮ںκιԣԲ硣
Ůʵشںİ仰ѹû˵һ˫ﵽ˴ԲԳ̤һ磬һֱδ
Ĭ֮󣬿ڵ¹ȻҪ֮Ԫô̤Բ֮ǰ֮壬ϰ롣
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鷿Уµ֪˷һ˼飬ʹǰûκ
үýȥ밲ˡ
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ʱͬ϶תۼţλﻹĵһУͰǰţ䲻նʢǣ֪ĴڣҲûٳʲôҡ
س˸Թ˵ò̫ƽ֮ӣյӵܣھеľ󣬳˲٣Ҫȥ˱߽̳丸ػĵ־
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ʱճײֳײ룬ô鷳ȻûбԴˡ¶һĨЦݣӦ
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Ҳ֪ˣ漫ʹߵΪأ͸һδĻᡣ
Ȼ飬һΣģӣô㷣֮꣬ڲ̤δ빬벽

ȲҪô
ҲҵԸ񲢲ʺϹУֻҪǻ
ôĻʺ󣬻סô㾿ʲô

ƣ֪ǰӳ˵һһˮУж᲻ᵯֻδĴ


406 ֪ȥ
ﲡţζһʱ׽º͵Уӡս£Ӵ˹黹λ
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˫ۿ򱱱ߣƽ
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δ䣬ӿ˻֮Уһݻ̴ǰ֮ϣһýɵġ衰衱֣Ϧ£ɢŽɫĹâҫ۶Ŀ
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407 
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408 Ů
꣬СݴصһƬɣŵأ̵ȸƵĴǳһ㣬ڴƬ
ǣΪ궫һǣ̶ﲻһǣΪǧ֮ڣΪֵĵط
Ծңʷ̫ãȴѷչɿԽʮǵĴң̱鲼ʢ쳣
ңȴǵճҲǳӣСӣеڶ˳ӡ
Ĵӣ۾츳ΪҵĹףԶҼҳһ˵һǿ֮ˣЩ꣬¶֮λӵͷ
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عĿ⣬ǰǰδеİ̬һЦԹӢѹ˹أλȻӢʵҲϱߣȷһˡ
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410 ٳ
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411 
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㣬ԷŵŮӣһĶϷ˵𣿡ʵ

ʵŵŮӲʽǵ˵Уһ
ǣҲλӶĿƣѵһĵزԽԽˡӵϣΣ
ٳǰ·ϣǿߣʵź


412 ڣѷ
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413 ʥ
⽣겻ٳԣ̫ϲɱ
ЦЩ̵ȻȴĻ˰ˡ
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ӣĻ𣿡ϧɵ
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ЩմǼʶѹ࣬ҺϧʮָлһЩ˺ܾõ黹û꣬ٶͣʵʵ˵
סҲǿ̾һȻˣҲǿϣְٻҿ
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Ȼһ̣󣬱µŮӣһһӡ䱳ϣȻһɲк졣

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414 ױ
һϢ䣬Ľɢʮһλһ𣬻δüӦ㱻ɳȥ
ǿȴɱĽ⣬һһںת⽣꣬ȥһɱ⣬֣ǰ֮˾Ҳߡ
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񡣡
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ԣ΢΢һʶһԷ䣬вԾη֮ɫ


415 
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ӣϧ밲ˡϧϴЦݣ
һ۽ϧ΢䣬Ѿͷʮа˾
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416 
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ʥڣǿƣŵӸмǿʤٮٮߣѲڼλִ³ϡ
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ŵǿļʽϣһδȣĲŵǰٳʸ
ΪʳĴУʥͬаٳ֮У˴ξǰ⣬μӲýİٳ档
ǿˣһλδȵŵϯڶһλŮӣΪʵֻǸΪ͵һЩȫ֡
˵ʵѵ˰벽֣־磬ֻ̫࣬Ҫ⣬϶ܶðٳʸ
ŵУ˭һ
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˵ͷδٳ֣սֹꡣ
λѣһ̸Σǰˣ

ͷȥһ⣬ƽ


417 
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ͬڸȺ򣬲ͬ⣬ڡ
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ϧп֮ɫϣˣĲϣһοʧı顣
ɽɽۣ˾䣬˳ɹǰʮĵӺŵٴϣȥսͬǰĺһ㣬ŵһͬٳʸ
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ָһ䣬û˵תľ֮ȥľʵģܲܵõҪıˡ

ɽɽŵӵսŵ¿ʼٳ֮սżɽȥԼ޾յĽǿ֮
ͻˣǾ죬ϰߣڵľƺ˴һֱռŵǰλҲǲܽܵ顣
ǿ֮Ķ֣ŵһֱӵŮȻ츳κˣΪĹϵʼմ򲻹ˡ
սû̫һϳͰŮ˽̨ʵľ޴࣬СĿ˺þá
սһֱȴĽ֮ŵɫλţһӦþֳʤˡ
ҡҷ죬һµϽ̨ȴһֱһսĶ֡
һӣӡʱȥȴʼûг֣˵ȵЩͷʱԶһλŮһþ޴ľʱ̣ڸϵ


418 ѹ
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һУ˲ɢٳǰǰָԪһ⽣
ȻһδУѷ̨¡
ת˲֮Ĺս֮Уֻʣһˣλһ콾һҲϼغϣ޴ʵ࣬һ¶š
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ʲôʱᵽΪΪɱ֮


419 ҹ̸
տգɽľУǰƻ֮⣬񽣣⽣ʮ꣬ǰЩóŻһ䣬Ҳûù
֮飬ˣɱˣֻһ֮䣬ɱ̫࣬еĽȾѪ
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ˡ
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һϣûСԣȴǰʦֵĻٴλشһ顣
ʵϣҵĽǶȣ㲢һɿܶûУǣĽǶȣȴֻ𰸣֮Ĳࡣ
˵΢٣룬ͨ׵Ľ͵֮ΪһϣûУΪֻԼڵʵûпԼǱǣǱֻвʱп¶
֮ǰûоʱ̣ԣڵʵԼܿġ
ǵгһգΣܹɹ㽫ԼʱһиܶʽǸֻÿһĺۼѧᣬΣʱ̱ǱױΪԼʵһ֡
𣿡ʵ
֮;츳ȷʮҪһ㣬λǳ࣬˾ԵĲͬڣǳѳԼ֮ʱ̫սʵҲΪͻͽܺԼҼλ־ľͷ࿹⡣
ͷвɸ̾ЩͲף±Ǽ֣Ҳ֪ʦִǰʲôŻĸһ
ĵƻѾЩϧǰһµоûһЩ˵˴ΰٳ֮ǰʵεȵزսҪ
ѧò࣬Ҳ֪ڽаƾһ֮ѹ԰ٳж֣ܲܰæҲǿҪڹϾʱԱ֮
ٳ֮䶼ϸƣҲԹӲ̫ൣĵԭֻҪֲЩµĹپ޵ţӶ䡣
еɻõʱע⵽ϻ󣬲Ʒ֮ɫ񽣣¶һĨ죬ʦ֣Ľ𣿡
ǰɡ
ӦĽҲǹŮĽ֮ǰʱΪܡ
ܿ𣿡

Ӧûоܾ
ùֻδܵһǿųʥκ˴
˫һʥһа죬ŵظ֮Ʒķ
¼䣬κ˶޷ʹһԵҲֻܿŷԴƵʥ֮ǿõ񽣵ͬȴҲԷӳ˽֮ʱǻص
гһգŮ˽ٴչֳվµķɡ
ʦֵĽܾûùˡ񽫽أ˵
ʮˣϣһҲõһĨɫ
ʱѲ磬ҲҪϢˡʱһֱϧ˵
һ׹ǵлʦֽյĽɣҹɽ֮·УȻȥˡ


420 ǿ
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ͤ⣬ȥۿһֽȥԶͼˮڸƺһЩˣϢңʱǿʱ

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һϦãˮ֮ѣ˵ҲԿҦ촽ͣǰ߶ߣ


423 ޲
˵ǴҩɫǹιǸֵױɫԻ֮ˣУŮ˾ԲҦˡ
ڻڱǼƣȴԽԽ䣬Ǻܺ棬侹˴󵨵Ůӣ
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424 
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425 Ⱦ
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ԣ⾺ǰʮ㣬мʮ㣬ʮֱӦĺ죬٣֣㣬ʮҲۣҲҪľ̤롣
ЩһŶԣپĵʮһ㵽ڶʮ㣬סˣȴˡ
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428 һ
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ͬһʱ䣬λ콾ҵ赲Ѹ̤һ㡣
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ߣˡ


429 ޳֪һ̾
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䣬ʧٳȻǰָ棬һ䡣

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431 
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䣬ͣǰУ򾺷һ㡣
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432 
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֪Σ˼ԶɱһһʧɫС


433 
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ͬһʱ䣬Ʊ䣬ۣ쾪УһӰ߳ͬòͬĽɲǣɱ˲
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434 ۺ
ʹͥƵĴڣĿˡ
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ʿǰĺˣڵ

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꣬Ϊ˾ΪʳѴƵľ棬͸֧̫༺ǱʱΪԲ֮Ĵűѹرա
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435 ֮Σ
ۺţɱصĽѹɢֱ˸еĩһĿ־塣
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δĽףΧһλλǿǶܵ˵в𣬼ɵѡ
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УһλŲԶ֮ʱȭһ񣬵

ʻ¶һĨ΢Ц

ʹͥУɻδѣվǰָԪɫâڣԴԴעڡ
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438 
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439 ˮ
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440 Դ
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սƬ̣֪нһ˲ٶȣӰ֡
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״ָԪ棬ʱɫ⻪ת½ѹĵﺣܸͬӦηӿڽϡ
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441 ´
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442 Ե·
ݣޱ߽򣬻ʳ׳ٽ̶ʢΪǿһ
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443 
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447 죬
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̨£һλ߿ڣ
ˣԺĿʲôλ߳ʵ
Ժò⣬Ѱ飬֡ʵ
ʵ԰£αطҪѰ·㲻᲻֪ϵɱҵҵ֣ǲܶȹģϾⷽأ˴ڡλߵ
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ž̳еľˮӦ
ΪΣһλʵ
ˡص
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ݳĬͷ
֮һ֣˼
߲ٶʣ̾һ䣬ˣպҪȵĽ٣ضǰδеĿ£٣ħ٣٣˵֮һѱܲ
ħٺ٣ɱҵܹĿҲûС
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٣մϷβˣоƣյһӰ˲Ϣǰת棬ӭϡ
Ȼ˫ڼУҫ۵ķâˮ䳤У޵裬һ¸ѣһεѪ䣬Ⱦʯ塣
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ǰǽϵ۷壬գҪ˵ǵ۷塣
̶£Ǽ֤һλӵѸٳɳѧ䣬䣬֤䣬ľˡ
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䣬ȷõѧϰᣬǸҺ͵񽻷棬ѧ䣬ҪгѼ
еһǷӣκ飬Ȼеǰˣ
ʱĻᣬܲϣûаա
ﬣ
ٵԽԽյϷƺⳤϣҲԽԽֻ࣬õ˸浶֮ա
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Ĺĵ価˫·ɳصһײǽϣ£Ѫһΰˡ
̨Ϸֹе»ָǣһ̤Ϸ̨ùղźȹƣҲֱӹһڣڵСҪ
лʦͽ̡
Ѫ
Ҫˡ
ееһΣɫ
ӣͣ۵ǽҪǧܳΪΨһ˶̫꣬ǰķӣѾԽԽˡ
Ҫмֳգܳ飬ǳ䣬Ҫջչ³ɡ

ͷҵѹŮ֮ǰκ˶ܶ
ʦ㣬λǰʱѲ磬Ȼȥˡ
Ϸѽٶ˿һ¥ȥ
ͷǲҲˣĪǻҪſﻻ·𣿡
еɨһλߣĮ
ǣңǡ
·Ҳλ¥ȥ
뿪еãϷװϴȥǦɫȹԾױεգ˿⾹һλʵֱĿǿߡ
СԺ߻أԺУỹڵȺ򣬿ǰ߻ǰ
£
ǰŮƽʵ
սǰдʮ֣
ħֺ֣âǵһ֣֪ѰʲôѰ塣
˵أкʵ
ɵд֡
ɣΪֹ֮УһˣԽţļ죬ܳΪɣѳΪʶ
˵Ϊʵһһ֮ǡջ˼ŵ
ԣ֮ɫٴιһдл֮
վԭأ˫ۿԶһĨ˸ɵ𣬵죬ɡ

ߣʳս㱼ڣս಻ϡ
ԻͣӦǧҵսɹ𳪴硣
ʱҵսУӰԶ󷽣ܵŮϢɾͨ͸
ǰɫµĽΨһ߹սƽȴŵĹ¼š
սԶȥӰʧʼղͣ°벽
Իʹ֤ˣ澲ĬѰֹ۽
ɳ·ɽʡ
įһʱ١


448 ξ
Ժͤˮӳ£ԺףԶ裬Ʈݡ
ǰʵ飬Ժ׾ĬűеĲˮ
ȴҲżħֺɵ֪Ĳ࣬ԺףϣϢ
ɵȷڡ
ãһ̾ڵֻǣǾأħֺˡ
𣿡ʵ
й
ͷؼȻܻĴڣ˵˷ص޲ֹ죬ɻĴڹɵˣ档
ûлų𣿡裬һڣʵ
һֻǣˡش
Ĭ˵һƬ֮ء
Ȱһ䣬ĪҪɵ֮УȻܴڳԽ˼ǣ̫󣬾ԲҲ޷⣬㣬ʵвСĲ࣬ȥֻ·һȰ
лԺѣҲ嶯ġ
˵ͷӦƽ޹ȥǣҲʲôҲ
ȻɵĴڣһ֪ܣôȴӴְɡ
ԺףҪһǣҪһЩʱյļ٣Ժܹ׼ڵ
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ˣҪˣͻȻԶ𶯣һǿϢֲѹ졣
ɫһ䣬Ӱһ˲УӭϣӲ콵
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յİӣϢֲ쳣ȴǲ࣬ѹļ¡
ξޡ
ͤУ֮ɫԭʼ֮صĻǳˣ鷳¡
˫սرɫನ𵴣Ժſڣ˫ۣһֱ̤ս֡
ͬһʱ䣬ڸһ¥е飬һľ߳ڸӰһͬս֡
˲սսָң·λԺǰս֣ʱ׼֡
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ͤ⣬еͤ£һߺȲ裬һ߿Ϸ
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Ժ׽Ժ򣬲¶档еػص
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Ҹմʹãٳֻٳ֣ʡñ˻ɡ
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еͷ
˵һξ޳ΪʲôƾԼʲôķ𣿡
еùָԼһ裬ԺϾһλλӦһξĻޣǴ´ࡣ
ܣ̽ԺʵߣԺעӦ
˵ĸеʵ
һش
˵˲ԺʲôˣеᣬһĨâ
ʮа˾š
ͷжΣеڵ
ټӰС˵
ɽеӦ
ȥʹʦȥԺɽǰԺϡ

ев豭Ӧ
˸뿪ʱ׵۳ǣӹ˲Ϣʧ
ʹͥԪ޾֮УһϢԽǿޱƽ֮
ǰ̫໤طĿº⡣
ʹϿգۣУͥڵӰ΢΢𣬹Ȼ⡣
һˣȥ̤𾳵ĶùˣͬΪԺף̫ܡ
ʱԺԭʼ֮صĻξ޽սעܵǣƣϾע
ּһ˵Ԫʺԭʼ֮нףǣĿľҪԸԺ
˵ĵˣѣһ㣬Ԫʺԭʼ֮ŹͬĿ꣬ˣҲûпܡ
ʵˣλԪʣʵɺޡ
ԭʼ֮صĻξޣһֱҪͻԺػ˼䣬һԺ׳£롣
ۿԪ̤Բ֮ڼԥһգ֣ɫۣһ̣׷¶ƣʻһҫ۵Ѫ⡣
ͻļ⣬ףԪǰ̫ɫһз˿ӣǰ⣬ȻͻƷ赲ؼʱ̵Ԫʡ
̫ӰӶһֻץסȻһգ顣
ȴ룬֮һϢӹֱԪǰ

Σ̣֮ԪʻȻۣԪ¼⣬ͬһʱ䣬壬Ż졣
֮ǰһԪһ̤ӳͥȴѰ֮˵Ӱӡ
Լң
Ԫ˫ȭֱ߬죬ɱԼҴˮˮ뵽ؼʱ̣ԼҺݺݵͱһ
콫ʱڸУͻеͬʱɫƣԺףһۣͣ²ӡ
¥˵ɡ˵һ䣬ת¥ȥ
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Ԫ⣬Ǳأ
شһ䣬ͬʵ
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Ժô˵ʵ
ʵ˵Уûʲô˵Ļ¡еص
ˣԪҪ𾳣һǰ
һǰԺףӦ
е¶죬Сӻʲôûȷʵ֤ǰԺͿʳͻѺõĹϵһɲˡ
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˭еĶԸԶ˺߰䣬ʵʲô֣
Ԫڳ𾳣һû֤ݣԪʲỳɵԺջĿ⣬ʵ˵
ԣüͷ壬ԺͿҹϵһ򲻴ȻԪģҲֻǻɶѣȷʵ֤ݡ
ʲôûУҲʲôûԺʣеԼ˵
룬ˣɫ˳ȥܼͷ㲻Ҫȥóô˻Ǳߵˣ⣬ŵ㻨еҪĴ¡
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һߵĻеЦЦӦ
е뿪ԺЩӣ¶ҪģҪǳʲô¨ӡĿƹŻе

еȻʮԸ⣬Ǵ˿ҲԺ֮ԣˬصͷӦ¡


449 һ
ԺããҰǰУԺ׸ϳԺܷͷĳ˺ĳˣ·
֮ǲ죬еһ㣬Ϥǿڲԡ
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ˣӲ˸ϵСǰĻеĵػعͷ˵
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ˣ㻹û˵ôԼҵĹеͻȻ£ʵ
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룬ǰиԼҵҪɱңɱˣȻ󣬹䵽С
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Ů˵ĳŵʵûпŶȣԺʱԺѹţϼ䣬֮󣬴ŮκλҪϸ룬پŻǲš
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ԣɫ΢죬ӹָ۲졣
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˵䣬Ԫ𿪵ǰľʯ߽һõĵУͣ
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ףҲû룬תȥ
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뿪󣬻еʵʲô£Ҫ֧˵
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ʦܣʦĳҲ٣лᣬҲʦ㴦
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ҲԺĵϽŮħͷԺҪ˵ֱӽŮ˺ߣʡһ춫·һ鷳
˵ƺҲòȥˣͬҲôӻеǲЩʣ
ʱűīĬⷨеߣȻٴдš
ᣬҡڵ
ͷûκγɣֽ˹ȥ
񣬹ΨһϰˣӶΣ̸֡
𣬺Ԫұܣ⡣
䣬һӡģŵĿУȻȾѪɳһѪŻȾǰء
֪⣬ȴ̱ڵϣоǻں֮ɫΪΣΪΣ
Ҫ֣͹̫棬ϣûκֵΣҲһ
ǰ̱ѪеŮӣĮĿ⣬˿С
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ᣬϣĻںޣǱ֮ٶȱѵĲʣŮڣһ̣ȴһ仰Ҳ˵ڡ
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̱ʧȥʶŮˮѪᣬʱǧ࣬ڰʱޣȴһʱеϣȥеů
Ĭᱧӣߵеǰƽڣˡ


450 
ߣеѪŮӣ׼ϻⲻ¶ָ֮ɫ
ݵʧ񣬻е»ָЦݣ㻹µ֡
ҷŵһƣȥ߳ҩɾȣһҹʱ䣬ΪԽȻأ߰ǲȡ
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յʵûôҪҲȫԭҪǣں֮аʲôĽɫ
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ζ˭ҲȤҪ֪ܼԦ䣬˵ұɱ˪еˣӦ֪ҽղܰȻ߳ǣҲǳش
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΢䣬һ̤ΪһĨԶȥ
߰ԸԸķԪֻߣλ᲻Ϊ˴Ů֣
Ļлصеɫ˺նģ֮Ҳ֮˲ֲѺۣһ֣Ҫ˺
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֣ŮӵӣбڣָƵ޾ԴԴûǰڡ
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һ̣УɫӰȥҹʧ١
һʱ󣬰һ⻮ŷȻ֮ϣ֮֮ȥûͣ֡
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ᣬ㻹𣿡
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еͷҹ飬˫ķӦϸ
ʲôǰ
еʵ̬Ⱥݣͺһ򲻺͵λ͵صİݽ̽ɻѿų


451 ħ
ݴأҹַ̹ŴʮһϮ۵Ų䳾ĶϽб֮
޶Ͻ֤ΪȥԹ޻ڡ
һ٣ݸʹĴۣӢԶǣŵˣͬ޾ʹֻء
֪£һ߳ܲɱҵһ߳޾ħգ׹޼䡣
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ħ
ɫһǵλ˻ǻħԵǰ֮ˣħ
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аħǰȫ£һתһѸת֣Ϊ֣ħ·
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ŵۣڭڭۣۡ
ڭۣۣĦڭ٤ۡ
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454 ̳ɿ
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455 
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Ůӯӯһ񣬿СŮ֮У֮£Ǹ
£ⲻ˼ֻǣɿƽˮѹĪ׻Ҫ˼ɵ
ˣʼɣԶƽ𣿡Īɱ
ʦ㣬Ҫƴˡڵ
š
еϷֽ̨ǹӵһߣһգڹۣһĵ֣ɱڡ
ǰںǰӣ֣Ҳ֣𣿡
Ǹ
˵䣬һգɫ⻪Ի䣬תɱҵ˷
սֽһһ̣һϺɫӰλò죬ȴͬʲͬʱ
ʳλ̫֣ͬת˲һλλƵӰƾ߳ǿϢƱ¡
λǵ۳ǣ˽˶ԹƲǰ쿪ڣƽ


467 Գ
׵۳Уɫλ̫һλλ¹ǿƣ𾪡
ͬʱԶͥڣһ˫۾עȫ̵֣Ԫʣâ¶
ֵľ棬ǿ꽻ӵĺҹø
ǣһȫս֣˭û룬ʱڳƽĴɡŮӣ̧֡
״âɱҵƣȻ⣬ĪС
սֽ֣ʣ֣ལ쳹Ļ
ʦ㣬طɡڣ

еͷ̤жȥ
֮ȥתۺʧĻС
Īһ仰û˵Ӱӳ׷ȥ
ֽɡ£覵Ц⣬ջɶȥ
׵۳ǰ֮⣬ĵӰһţжȥ
Ժ֮ǧԭʼ֮أӰĪף׷
𣿡Ī
ѡ֮أ𡣡ƽ
֪ߵغСӣҪΪСгɾͣͿԼмＸĪɱ¶
ʦ㣬Ըһڵ
ңǸƯ㣬ˣȥůѾͷеص

Ӧһ䣬н漱һ̣ƣն
ӣɱ̫ˡ
ֽ̧ӽȻ죬磬ȡ
һ㣬Ƭմ
񽣷âһת棬ɱǧ򣬼ӳֽܣһգزã
µ޾ɱÿһ˿棬򵥶ֱӣһһʽŮҪ
Ȼͬɱ˾̾ӽܽɫƽȴҲҰִ⡣
һߣеĪף֮һ˼սַݵİȡ
꣬磬еϺ죬һһ·Ȫۡ
ս֣ನɽػ٣ʮ䣬١
ʽϿա
ԪһϿգͬߣɿᰴݿգֿ˷ꡣ
ɫ̧𣬵ˮƣȻӲ⡣
к졣
Ͽ֮󣬲к֣˲ʧӰת˲кһϢ䡣
һ²ѿӨļ֣ܿһɫʤÿĽ
ǰŮɵ˫ͬһսѴˡ
⻪һתһڣĻ˲ɢޣ֮䣬䡣
֮𣿡
΢һɫˮתΪˣɽ
˫жתǧٿ׵ԭʼ֮شɽݣ١
˵ನԶսͬܲеĪܿϮನٽ棬ռƬƬѡ
ϵǿ֮սзɵˣԲս֣ս۷壬ҡҷǴ˽Ͽɡ
ԽԽҵսǽȾ죬˲佻ֻУĬϣһ֮¹λٶС
Ȼĵ⣬ĪףУͬ˰벽ս־ƽ֮ס
Ҫһֱȥ𣬲ҪӦ顣
ۼսֽ֣Īɫ£ȵ
ԣһ̾
Ρ
һΣֲǰδ֮
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Գ棬ȻĿռ䣬һͣͣ㣬
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һᾡѹסŮ֮ʦԼҲСһЩ
һһգֳӳǿĽϼĵٵϣȫѹ֮
Եͬļ£֮ɫԪһһơ
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죬ա
ض֣һرѣԭʼ֮ضʼҡֲƣͬ
ĪףƵУԪڣ֮
࣬Խˡ
һ̣ԭʼ֮ɽϢڣһ̣һӰ֣
ˣĿƹһ̣Ѿܾˡ
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ǲ֪ߡ
ɫһ䣬Ұ׵֣֮Ȼ¡
ת˼٣ܿǰ⣬һԪ֮˼䡣

ݺ֮Ϊ۶֮ռ飬ǿĽˡ
ת˼һӲ⣬Ԫ֮
Ȼ䣬޲ɽ½϶֮С
һƣһĨʺ䣬ˮӣҲһ˿
ֻء
Գ棬׵ĵڶ֮һΣȷʵɱ˿֣һ̧֣ǿɱС
٣ɫ£Ԫۣǿеֿʴ
û뵽о˶ྪž޵ǿߡ
Уԭʼ֮һõӰٶ߳˿޵Ϣǵڶλξ
֣Ӱǿ֣ɢȥϵķתǰһǿߣһĨȤζ֮ɫ
ڶˡ
ڶλҲ߳ĻȣͿ˭ˡ
ʦ㣬ߡ
һ䣬˲еǰƽͳս֣еһ죬Ϣ޾ɱһδֱơ
Ȼľ죬¡¡𶯣һ̣ޱ޼ʵҵͷ伫ߡ
ɱҵһ֪بδеҵ٣ɲǼ䣬Բɣҵ֡
ͬ٣һλʵ˼ҵ޾˶ûС
ҵ߼ʣеǰʧһӰˮԾ


468 ҵ
Ժڱչصϼһ¶˫ۣ߳ʯҡ
Զҵ죬ֲľĩٶȽ١
ԽԽԤϮϼǿѹеļ¶ӰԺ֮ԭʼ֮ȥ
ͤԶĿ¾ϣεɫ
ô˵һ٣Զȹ
䣡
ԭʼ֮Ͽգŭ׹ҵ˼µĽأ١
ҵŭв˿Ҫ߳Ĩ
𺳣Ի٣Ϊ಻Ұִ⣬һԪȫӦԽ
ͬ٣δйľҵ䣬н٣Ӿִ֮
ɲ㡣
ٻ֮У̧֣ɢʱա
Ȼһ̣ٳǹѸɢҵ֮ݿ࣬κ赲
ɫԼɽʱе˳صΣС
𣡡
Һɫδ˻ҵգҵ۶ޣȻʵʻףŽδ
ҵģŤӰ˿죬ⲻڣѪУҰɱҵȺƵԲǴҲ˿
񽣣Դһֱ޷ȫ˫һ̣ҵųĹ⻪ּ⽻ŭ

׻֮ٶȽ٣ƺߣȾ죬һġ
ޣѳų֣ɢһ̣һ޴ķӰԻΣ𶯡
ˡ
һ˲䣬Ŀԭʼ֮أ¶𺳡
ݵ𾪺һλλ˼ǿ˺գѸٳԭʼ֮ظȥ
ͬΪ壬Ϊ飬
ٻ֮У⣬Ӱһ𣬷ƺݡ
¡ЯҵҡضƬĿռѣֱǧ֮⣬޵ֵҵɣ
Ĵ٣ɱܲԶС
֮Уһλ𲽷̤תܿһŭףʵķˣƽĿһĨɫ
˼䣬Ȼз˴ڣ
ķ֡
Ī׷Ƶŭ׺ҵĿ⿴žۣ֮ȡеҵ˸Ȥ顣
䣡
һ춯صľУޱ޼ʵŭ׽£ûԭʼ֮أĩ٣񱯡
ͬʱ٣һ̣Ҳ޷ǰһݣѪӿ˳벽
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ĨǵѪһֵҵ٣˿ֲ
ɽ٣ȻעϵҵԽԽǿֹ
֮Уһλ𿪿ڣ
ôҵԽ֣ٵԽ졣
ɱڣ˫ȭֱ߬죬ǾһС˳̶ȣǴ衣
֮Ѫ档е
𣬲Ļһæ޿һ۲Զλ࣬ȵ
ǣ֣ᵹûĪЦЦ
ΪȡϢʱ䡣
䣬̧֣֮ɢڣʱ²µŭ׺ҵ
㽻ˡ
Ī׷ƣۻĳ׹⻪ӹһƽ̹
λ״ͬߺԪһѪɳֱֱ֮ϡ
Ȼһ̣¡һ죬ҫ۵Ĺ⻪˼䣬䣬裬Ѵ죬ۼ֮ѪҪû׺У֮ϣչ£ſѪ
£ҵڣһķ𣬾ϼѪҫĿ
·׺䣬ˣȾ졣
ĩ֮ǰУΪͻڤµɱҵֲĲ񳯱Ӧ첻
ķһһȥΣԻ˷ѿ֮ŭѪȾ졣
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ϵ£ٻ֮ڲϼǿĪףλӦԽԽÿһΣиֲ׻¡
֮⣬һλλ˼ǿߵͣΣǰ벽±⾪׵ĩմǣС

ԶһٻӰͻȻתʵķӰ֮ɫһ̣һ̤ӳŴٽٵķλȥ
ʮ겻ҲݣأҲ
ԭʼ֮أҵʱ𣬳䣬ҵ֮ٶȼӾ磬ԺУϿգɫڣܵǣ
¡һܲҵûԭʼ֮أ޾·Զֹͣ
ӰԽԽãȻٵƣȴԽԽֲ·ˣܵѹҲԽԽ
ɱȻǶҪ
ۼҵֹŭȵ
ɡ
֮УһλֹҵڽУڶ֣ŭܻܿή¸µ٣ĵȥ
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ŭһĨһǵѪٵ˷ٵ׻ɱã˲ˣ֮
һߣĪףӦԵͬɣٻ޾޿ˡ
˵Ĵ٣δţʱûмļƺöɽ߳ɹɹŭ𣬽Ƭ춼յĺѪ
˽ٺʱǾͷ
ǧ٣ƣȻ죬Ѫɣ˲Ⱦ졣
֪ȥ
ҵݵȥ¶һǳӣһ̣֣ȥߡ
ǧ˼仹ԭʼ֮أδֹǲܶģֻܶȹ˽١
ûн
Զһλλ˼ǿ߾ĩ٣ɫԽ𺳣ʲôŭԹ飬ŭֹ
죬кʸŭ𡣡
ǧ⣬۶ٻӰɫ֮ս飬ı˼䣬Ǹʱŭ
֮㺮¡
һƣԪӳֱǧ֮⡣
ͬʱͬʱ֣һīףһȱӲͬķλԭʼ֮ء
֮һļ⣬գž֮ȥ
һսдǿǣ֪Σͬʱƣ
ţ
ԭʼ֮⣬һλλ˼ǿ¶֮ɫ֮ϣʱôİǿߣ
ǵ⡣
ʹͥԼҵ̫ϣʵĳ⣬һĨɫдԼҵͽǳ
һصݣǲ֪
ԭʼ֮أϣ壬õķӰٶȵʵ
Ѫڣ˸ȫֱһ
ŭ¡һҵǻ꣬׹¡
֪䣡
ݸһϤĿ⿴ԭʼ֮أ
Ƕȥˣŭ֮ǰͷ˼䣬˭ԶͷΨǲС


469 
ԭʼ֮أ֮ϣᣬֱ֮ˣ쳹ǧ
ŭ׽ǧҵبֲһδ٣µļˣ춼ǽٵݺύ쳣

˻ΣˣһΪһ졣
䣡
һ죬𺳣ضҡϵ£ͬĩ٣̼߽⡣
λ˼ͬʱŻ죬ĽٻУش

ѪȾԭʼ֮أ֮ӰʧǧҲʧʣָ

ԭʼ֮⣬е̤նֱ죬ѰǰӰ
Ǹǳˡ
Զһλλ˼ǿͬ죬ŵķˣǱκζҪĴҩ
ǵԼǷûн
·Ī׿֮ˣڵ
ս𣿡񵭵
ƽҲȮۣЩˣɱеͷˣһ˱㹻ˡĪһĨ⣬
࣬Ǻδˣԭʼ֮صĶ˿
λԷҲȤ𣬼ȻˣǱƾˡ
Īƽػһ䣬Ӱһ֮
֮ˣ֮ǧﻯޣµĿռ⣬ҡضԲֹеûκԥֱӳС
֮У³˯Ϣƽ޲оκ쳣
еĪףޣԭʼ֮һλҲУѰҷټ
ʱ֮⣬ĵӰϤݣʮ꣬ٴ
þò
۵ɲǣȻ򵥵ĺѣ֮顣
ǽȥˣЩˣһһסһ۲Զһλλ˼ǿߣڵ
ǣղž͸оǸŮ˵ЩϤû뵽ǻʶǳЦ
߰ɣҪٵʱ䣬滹λ𣬲ܲҵٲλ׵óѡǧƽ
鷳ǳЩͷ۵
˵ѣͰϻûʲô𣬴ڤ㶼ûҲˡ
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ڡ
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ѡ
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캮ڣ񹬣Я׹֮
ȻһѪɢһλһλ˼ǿѳм鿪
޾ڣӰǰУһѩī׹⻪;ϮĿռ
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ѰƬ̣ȡֱһ򣬶Զȥ
ˣֿͷֿڡ
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Щ治ദ
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ʱ󣬲֪ηӰͬİ£һƽһˡ
δһ߶һڹӵĽδϣѶϣɱĽ⣬أ顣
ɫ΢ԸսԪԪУȻĳ
ӽһȻͬĽܻӲ
ȻһȾ죬ŽѳֵѺۡ
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δĽɢӽ˰벽ǣǰеƣŻ졣
ಣ
ܴ̣֮ͻȻƿգһҫ۵ļԶӹ
ɫһŭѹƣԪۣ⡣
Ȼһನ𵴣ּ⻮ޣ׷
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ʱ˺󷽣һ׵֣Ȼһӡġ

һѪޣһƺߣѻףŲ֪ʱӰɳƵɡ
һλһֻˣУֵãôҩһȵĪЦ
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֮Уһȣɫ趯еĺ£ʧڰڡ
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Ѫ
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ǧսתжȥ
Щѣ䵭ǰ
ɡ
׿ǰɵǧޣƽ
˵꣬ĿƹŮӣֵ£յϣҿһΣ²Ϊ⣬Ȱһ䣬һλǰҪˣ᲻´£Ҳܱ֤
ԣһĨɫ˼𣿡
Ǵ棬Ĵ档
δٵķ粨غܿͻᴫ½֪λǰӦÿˡ
޾ޣȾѪٻӰһУСϣ߲Ѫ䣬һһҹȥ֮ɲ뿪ŬѰš
Ƹ£ĽСӰǻϣ˿ңʮǱ

ȴûлӦееĽԽԽŨʱԼѪָ죬Ⱦ£Ȼȴ޲֪ȻĴ˻ķɶ꣬޵ĺڰѰǾþÿ⡣

أ
ûڰĺŲԽģһһھѰϣ


470 
ϣʧϢܿ㴫ݣ½֪
˼ԭʼ֮أ֮λǿߣһִǣһеĶǿߣЩˡ
û֪ĽΣֻ֪һպԭʼ֮ؼ٣λξȫټǿҲһشڶǿ߸
ͻȻԭʼ֮Ͽյλİǿߣ֪ݣͬƾճ֣ûκαɳֶδ֪
ǳ
Լҵ˲³һ˵ݣŭͬʱҲ𾪣̶ʮ꣬Ӹǿˡ
ԼҲľţпܳΪԼһƶˣȻԸΥǳıѣΪԼݵʹâԽʢԼĿڵ˿ھԽ
׷ɱȥˣǺ۹ջء
Լҳϻдŭ֮ԼҾĳڣΣҲҪɱ档
һ٣ǣĿ⣬ݷƱ䣬ķչ
ʮպԭʼ֮أһɫµӰƽͣʲһλսСﱳܣڸĽ߽
ָ֮ƽռ֮ɢȥȴٲ֮
ĩ֮ԭʼ֮أһƬ꣬ȫȥ飬ֻҪǰմȾҵȫҵٻޡ
С¹ܾܣ붴ĩ⣬һ
ȥ´Ժ濪ڣƽ

Сͷȥ
ԺǰӰһֱ˯˫ۣٴС
ʱԺ׵
ԣδһÿһ·
룬ɲǣѹȣΪ˶оĿһϡ
С룬Ľģ͸Խҫۡ
ͤ˼ᴫ棬֪
ԭеǰǸ¡￪ڣ
ԭίƽʵ
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ˮϣɾȴ浽续գŮٷ˲ֱӡ
ʮһգɫ£״δսеѹ
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С
ԽµĶ֣ȫԶԣ˿⡣
֣ɳΣһ˿˿һƻػһĽһ̣һ˲ֱӶ
̧֣ɲ㣬ֻؽԳ棬֮
򣬽ײ֮⣬̾΢΢תͷԸٿ
˫֮УݵĽֺɳɢΣ֮ĩһĨ貵Ĺ⻪½滮֮򷨱顣

һ͸壬ѪӿˮϣɾȾ죬Ŀ
ˡ
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׵۳ǣǶСԺ浽ȻԺѿһˡ
ȥѰ֪ټ
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кָ̡·֮ˣĪ¶ɫĪһĨɵ֮С
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ĪһߣٶʣһƣԪأɫڰ
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ս֣ϣһڰԨĽɳӡֳ֮
ƽӣ㣬ԭֱ̼ɳΡ
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ĪԪȻԪɴһѪˡ
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ĪŻһ죬ٶǰҵڵƣӰһġ
䣬Լѡ񡣡
սĮ
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ĪɫŭǿѹƣһԪ֮һޣʱ¡¡죬һ޴Ի
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תʱԺ֮ǰۣ١
ͬһʱ䣬ʳͥһϺɫӰУƽɫκϲ
㣬ֵսһοΨһѡҪʧ
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ӰʧڣԪߵͥǰԶϵ㾫⣬ݵ죬ѱ䣬ǿʳõĻᣬԲܴ
ϧλӣΪĸࡣ
֮Уʵͱ죬ȻɵҲλӣΪ̫ӣȴԴλʵƿء
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ī
룡
˼ױţκμ٣ÿ
ͤŮ⻪Ϣ
Ժ֮ԣϢİǰŮӣƺŵõЩã޷ܺõȥ
ǣ￪ڣ
ŵأ¡Ůƽ
ԣ𣬾֮صˡ
¹֪ǰ£ҲĨǣֱʵ
ͻꡣ
Ů֣תǹУһõӰΡ
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Ůϣһͬס
£תס֪ӯӯ⻪䣬άֺɢ
ŮǰԪǣе֪һ꣬Сע˯ķ֮С
ЩŮٶһתҪ뿪
ܷ֪Ǻ𣿡￪ڵ
Ůһ㣬ƽݣ֪֪ʲôԼɣʧȥһ꣬ϣԺһأΪ˼䶼Ƿġ
˵Ůٶԣȥ֮ʧΡ


479 ħ
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һƺѣԺǰôƺԡ
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ͷʵݷ£֪
֪˫ں֮ǰ䲢ܻͨ黹Ժ׸֪
豭ʵ
΢΢ףϸһ飬޷־ϸ
һߺűв裬һԺ׽йط飬һ˫֮ڷع鱾ǰԪʵû̫
Ȼβ֪ͬɻ֪۱𣬷ɱջҪع鱾
һʱˮйΣҲ˽ڷһЩ飬ʣλͻȻݲȡ׽ħҪҵɱɡ
ԺףлĲ裬ʱȣҲ붯ˡ
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̫ӽΪӦǣƴħ׽ħ̫ǿһ˿϶ѹƣտɰף䣬ޱҲһȥɡǰϢٶȿڣƽ
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˵ЩûУĵȰɣλֻ̫һλ֮սУҲܻ̫࣬տɰƽ
ҲֻԸ˲һֻ˵󻰵ľҷ΢һ
ˣ
һ̣⣬ˣɫӶʱһС
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տɰѹвڵ
֨ѽһŴ򿪣һλϺ߽ŷеˣƽ죬λͳõȡ
̫ӻʱһҲ
̣֮һκ֮ȼ΢˾ûаɫиӲ䳰ȷ
΢ĪҪ̫Ӳû٣ֻ絽ˡտɰ
첢û΢Ļ뷿Уֱӿżɽʵʱ
ҹʱ·ϣܿᵽտɰɫ

ͷٶʣվдǰĬԡ
ŵգһֱ䣬ͳ⣬Ӱ֣һλλǿ߳ÿһΪ֮ϣ٣֣ǿϢ£ص˴
ʱ⣬ĵӰ߳Ϊףտɰ׿һ۵
һ£˶һ⻮Ѹ
ͬʱʢɽǰۣ׷ҹħǰ·
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ħĮ޸Уһӣ֣ɷϢ
֪˵棬еҲ˷ʱ䣬һգɫ⻪УỨ֮Գһ壬˲ǰ
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裬ˮתֵ޵ѧֹ
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Ϊ֪֮꣬еּ䣬ˮ趯е裬һ֮Ӳսħ
ħʽѪ;
ƣħ߶ɷŲ̤ת٣һѪ;
еɫһˮ䲢˫ϣյתƣһն䡣
Ȼ췭ظռ¡¡ܴе˷̽ǿпħҼùǡ
ҪὣѰ
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ħͻȻ֮У΢һԶɫٻӰߵỨ֮ᣬ毺õ˲
Ứ֮᣿е
δ䣬Ӱ˲ǰһӳģ

Σһ̣ʶܹҪȴɱɳȥһƺߣѪɳ
ˡ
Ż죬еɫһ䣬һѸٳ
лˡ
䣬Ứ֮Աߣˮޱ飬ħȶɫУһڳĽ֣ףֱֱ΢Ŀڡ
ħ֣Կĺڷ£ɱ¾֮ɫŨ

Ŀڹ׽΢ѪԤϵĽ֣ںԳ


480 
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ֵˡ
ħֽǰâҪս֮
תۼľƣڳˣһӣỨ֣֮ͻȻһģһѪŻ
һƣʱ̱ܿҪȴڸᡣ
ڶ𣿡俴ǰս֣
ݵȡտɰƽ
˵ħɱ壬һѪˮʣһεС
ͬʱɽ֮УһӰӹɽ֮ǰ
ǰħֿһ۵Ѫеı΢üͷ壬Ϊβ֣
ٵƬ̡տɰӦ
ԣٶԣδལΧѹȻһ
ܵĽѹɱͷ⡣
ɫͬһ
ʱ콣һ⻮ʣһ̣䣬֪֡
˾ͬòӳÿһУȴǽȻͬϢ˲ԡ
˫𣿡տɰ𣬵
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š
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ڽжԹԲУᣬע޷ˡ
̫ӣλ¸صǰǰæأǼϷ
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տɰüͷ𣬴ΪΣıΪħ
λǰò⣬̫ӣأ˽֮ĶԹħ
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սֽһ̣ĽΪƥལħ
˫ɸջᣬƶϣĽ˲Ŀ
ħɫ䣬ת֮ǰһ

֣ŤĽ˲ڿת࣬
˫ٶȽ棬죬޾У콣֮衣
ͬһʱ̣˷ƣգһ
ϮħӽǰؽУȻһޱನһȦȦڳÿһˡ
׵ڽ壬ᣬųҫ۵ķɡ
硣
У콣ת֮ٶȻΪᣬеĽ磬ַ˼ĽǶȣħɱ塣
ħʽѪ档
ħʽѪڣ˻˫ٶȽֲನУٿȪ·
ˡ
䣬ħֵ̧ɱҵȻ˲ˡ
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㣬ʲôϵɫ£ڵ
˵ſ£еʱ͸ĨһѪӦ
ԣûʣһ̤Ӱӹħ֮ǰΪ棬Ȼս֡
ħӽӭϣǿǿĽ棬ԣһನɽսָӲҡ
໯⣬ٵĽԲ׽һһħ֮
ͳ죬ǻ𣿡
ۼսֽţһλ̵¶ɫʵ
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̵вʣȴҲʣ˺һĵȴ̡֮
Ȼʱսͻ䣬˫ħ֮ʣϣâ޾һƣӡ֪ؿڡ
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ŶΪֹǱˣˣɱ
֪֮ʣտɰһ£ս֡
λ֣ǧټƵĴ̾Ӣ֮Χϣסħ·
̫ӣõˡտɰƽ
һĨɫȴҲû˵ʲôħǰ˼ԹûȤᡣ
ħǵ񰡣
ħĮһĻгѪڣֱʣֲѪ춼Ⱦɺɫ
ǼʶΪĩա
Ѫɫĩ֣֮˾ֵѹȴŵ֮սУԹɱҵڳ˹ʱһͣת
ħʽ
챯һ̣޾Ѫɫֲƣݡ

һҽѪըɵһĻѪѹ£˹ƣѿ̶֮Ϣʱ䣬ǧ̾Ӣ˹롣
տɰף𾪣Ų̤ܿһ⡣
ħʽѪ档
䣬Ѫ𣬾ڣħħն˫
տɰףֵһǿɺϮ̷ɳʮԶѪ졣
ˡ
ħɺտɰײսһ壬תˡ
״̸ϣͣ֡
ǣԶֻӡ
˫ȥħһǰʣ޼Ĵ̵ӣնһֲѪ⻮˷
ӰҪֹȻƣ
ֻʣˡ
ħתѪӳվѪƣǿħ׵Ľ̤
ڼһ̾ɫ̫ɫ壬һ̣ɫ⻪ལУ亮֮Χǧɾɫ硣
һԪ
ǿ֮УӦѪƣΪԪ֮Ȼײħ
Խ֮ħ಻Ҵ⣬ؼԹа޾ҵӭϻԪ֮
ɲǼʱվֹݰĴֲನݿ٣ɽҡѣɽ˲ʧֻޡ
֮ϺɫӰϣѪˮ£̫ӣݽ϶ţܣ
죬ʮ־ˣԸȪ£齣塣
˵䣬ħһǰҪ
Ȼһ̣һɫĽ滮ƺҹնħɱ塣
ħеΣ̻ؽ˴ķõվǰһ˫΢Ц٣⡣
ΣеĸоǷʹ졣
㾹û¡ħ
ұΪһ壬ѵ֪һϲҪǰЩ𣿡Ц
ļסħһ̷Ӧ
ԣϧˣڵ㣬ʣأƽ
ɱ㣬㹻ˡ
䣬ħٶ׽ն䣬
Ӱƽ˵ͳս֣𣬾ڣ֮С


481 ħ
ʢɽǰħս֣ħ棬ؼڣγĵķ֮
˲֣һ˫Ϊʱ忪ս
תϷңħϮ죬ڣײ˫ޱѣ׹䣬Բǧɾ
Ƶף죬ڽаݵ˫עֻ߳һˡ
ʽк졣
ħʽѪ;
˵ʽܼͬ£ѪĹ⻪ںҹڣ˫ɲǣٲѪ˼׵Ľ֮սʧɫ
˫ˣһ£ʢĹ⻪ĳ⣬յ
Ѫһһķâҹ֮Źʣ貵ֱӡ
ȵ£ȴȲϧˣڼʲô
ħԪɷΰɢѳмѸٱ䡣
ƺɽߣ֪һ֤ɣֻܵ
תƣգͬһʱ䣬У֮𣬳ɢڰ֮С
ȻǣĿռҡٲನ֮Уӳһ˲ħ֮ǰ
Цļֻ֣
ħ̧սһն
ȣ
һȣƽӽУ˷ӿΣյĹԾ
ħڣ˵ĶȾ죬ͬʱܴ
ҪᲫ𣡡
ħɱٴɱҵҺɫϢڣ
֪֮κƿء
ͬԪѪ⼫תӲ޾ɱҵ
أħǧ꣬ħʽ
ħӽս֣һ̤գɲǼ䣬ؼԹаԪۣ֮С

ۼͬתɰ˷𣬻ǿһУݺĽؼֳۣ֮御
Ȼһ˫ʢɽܵ˲䣬ߣɽɡ

Ⱦɳڵϣ졣
һߣħڿɳУͻȻһƺߣǰкĿԶ䣬ϡ
ͬΪһ壬շʤܣսĵħܣ
ڣˡ
ĨһѪһǰƺڣħת˲֮ħɢΣ»ع֮С
һ̣죬󣬾޴ķӰ֣ſ£޴ϵ׽ʱ𣬱ڡ
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ħգѹ֣˿ǰħδơ
ܡ
ǿѹе𾪣˫ַ֮
ħԶѵٵһ𣿡
ĿңԶĶߣǿǻǲԸἰǷ˿־ĽأֻǣһΣ㲻Ҳˡ
´Ժͻе콻Ժ׺ֱӱչˡ
һս˽ܴᣬҪָ
ŵأϹ̨ǰŮɱҵȶ֪壬˵ͷԼ£Ȼû
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ں֮ɣΪ޽УԪԪʣͲ࣬׷ѡ
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ͬһʱ䣬ݣǧħֺͻȻҡҷ졣
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ҡ
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ҡȻţѵѰɵ𣿡
һλλǿ𾪲ѣһ;ΪҡħֺʱΪܻţʱȥôã֤ʵǵĲ롣
룬ʱħֺо˴ĶҡδôɵĴڡ
ݱһ֪ħ֮սĻشտɰףӻأͳǰӰӹۼǳؽʱΧħħ֡
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һһ𣬲֪Ӻηֵħӭ
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ѵħͬ
棬мɵ˶ɱУˡ
ħֹɫδ䣬ڽȾ
һ²˺ѣѪӿһ۷ɳڻ֮С

ŲģŶϱ֮ͷ亹䡣
ħѵտɰкȻ˵Ų̤תҪӡ
Ȼѡ֣Ͳˡ
ħЦӰһǰħֲħնǰߡ
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ٽ̣֮УƾһǿϢ٣صѹضɫ
˸ܵߵϢѾжʱǿҵâ
ͳ죬տɰ׳ʺ
գ˭Ȳǵ
ħ߽һӽն䣬ٶȷɳ

һ֮ϣ⻪ۣһõӰ֣£ǧɳ˷
ħӽӭϣž𣬳ڰɣա
УտɰףҪӣȴɫ⻪ħ϶˷
Ȼ䳾ӰоǲʣδףΪλħͬʱ
ħ֮֡ϣӰɢȥ֮ʣ
¡
ħ߻һ䣬һӣħʣתȥ
ϣӰɢΣʧ
ͬʱħɽϣһӰ֣Ϊ֮˿ڣƽտɰףˣ΢Ϳ̫ӹҲ׶༪١
ħǿ˵ز𣿡һӰڣص
ȷʵЩ׵ǣɱտɰףħеĽǳǰ˵֮˻ӦŻɣ
ͳ˼ǣӰʵ
ħˡΪͳӰٴλӦ
˵¸鷳ħӵ˳͹޺⣬ˣң޺ѱչأǻܷδ֪֮λħ֮ǰǲ޷ȷݡһ˿ڣ
˵棬ѴϢ֪̣ͨǿ߳򣬳ħԼɡ
ǡ
Ӱһ̣Ӱȥʧ


482 
ʳͥǰͥУ
ΣڣԪʿڣ
޴󰭡ƽӦ
±ãȻȥϢɡԪʵͷ
ǡ
תȥ
Ƭ̺һӰͥг֣صʡ
ʲôԪʿڵ
Ϊ̫ӷ֣²Ҹ̫ս·ŸҸϹȥʱ̾Ӣһλͳս̫ҲƺˣеԺ˰´ԺӰ
֪ˣȥɣ¡Ԫƽ
ǡ
䣬ɫӰɢȥʧΡ
е޵Сˡ
ӰȥԪɱԭԺһֱϷ˿˵ԺӦͿʼˡ
ǰŴ빬д̣ҲӦúԺѲ˸ϵ
һ֣ʵʤ䷳γ𾳶ϡ
һ;ˮۣˣڵҪ̤𾳣ˡ
λԺףܲ˾ֵˣô֮˻˭أеڸֻλ
ԭʼ֮صһأνͣԭʼ֮غʱ˷ˣĪ׺׷ɱˣΪλôɽ˵ĴУ⣬ʱ˶ɽٵλǿߣǳʲôݣ
Խ˼ԪеҲԽԽ࣬һеļλˣĪ˴̫أԭʼ֮صһٺ󣬸ûϵƺѲų
бҪȥһһԭʼ֮أһˡ

Ժչպ߳ںͤԺף˵һЩ飬뿪Ժ
еܱ΢һƣܴᣬҪһʱܳأδһ
ԼңȻ֧鲼ԹΪ˾λ˼ҲʼɣʮԲһԼҲû֡
Ȼδ¼Ҳ˸Сֲң˼𶼲ԸǣλĴУ˵ûʲôƣ˭š
ձϣһ·ϸС˼빤һҪԵԼңҲòСġ
գôϴº͵Цݣ
һ㣬൱һ㡣
պܲӵػص

ҭĲᣬѾͷ̫ˣô˵ôúġ
ĳ˵ƤҲǲٳ˵ķڣЦЦۼת⣬գǲǾȹһ׻˵ˮ֮ӿȪ౨ѣǲҲҪæ
СԴһںʽ𣿡
ʣʡװɵ
ոĳһİۣ˵ɣҪҰʲôæ
һЦԼЩڣֱͻȥٲҪһҲ֪һϲܣԣûݣҪһ¡
ֱӺĳǰķϻ󣬽εС¶֮ɫ㲻Լ͵ʲôɣ
Ǻǣôܣ𣿡
εЦЦ
񡣡
յ˵ͷ

Լܵ˺
磬ԼҺΣգ洫ԵĻҪΣա
ղ֪ǰʲôɫһ䣬
֪õģҲʲôľٶ
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ʳݱĻʳ·ھŸʱϢ
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ԼұھʳڣȻǿԼңûѹϻʳķâɼʳĵǺεȵĲ
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һɱҵ̫ܻ࣬˵ͺͺҹеĵûʲôΪ˲¶ϵܣԶЩΪá
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ݱޱ߻ҰһӰǰĹųǣŲ̤С
٣һɱ࣬Ϊձһ֮ѰʮܵĴӪ
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ϣˮУ׷ƮɢеĻߣԲѣüĵħӡѪĿ֮˼ĻʣվȲԼһħ޻ͷ֮·


488 
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489 ˣå
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סСѾͷֱۣԪ룬žһһϸѰңȷϿ϶ʲôܣֻܺܿڿպ̫ϸļ֪
ҵı飬Щλߣ޷κΣҹ飬̫˻ɵĵطģԼıʲôѾͷֻеһӡ
տǰӣһĨůԼ֪רעʱĺˡ


490 ɽ
Ԫ壬վӣϸ鿴أɫԽԽأҲԽԽ
Ƿʲô쳣෴ʵ̫ˣЩ
Ѿͷѧǣļȱ㣬·ǰ˵Ըһ㡣
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ʶռ䣬ʣΪ֪صأһ꣬Уϲŭ塢Ӱ죬ˡ
˵ϲŭ֣Ǽ긺ԭ֪һ꣬ʧУÿһ·ɽѹ쳣
֪Ѱ˶ãͻȻͣ½ŲǰõٻӰ΢΢
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ȻڴʱһǿųӡǷ·飬赲Ľ롣
˼СѾͷ꣬ǿʩΪԪתΪһƣӡطӡ
Щͣʧع鼺
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ߣһõĻҰӰԻڷһģһףݡ
ʴһħԼʶȻʱӡȴʼղʧ˿̸ܵеķŭ
˵ʲôһԻɱ壬ڵ
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ߵǰùһëϵѪƽӦɱǣҲȲգο񻹲֪¾˭ıѵҪȫɱ𣿡
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棬վ㸶ԳܵĴۣڴгһҳһ졣
䣬ħɢǰڡ
ǰԶǿգһĨ˼֮ɫ

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491 
ԼҶᣬ峿ĵһƳط£⣬ص𣬾òԶϵСɢ
δȷлӦű֨ѽһƿһСѾͷȻЦ˽ȥ
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ǲУҪòʮֲǰ

ЦЦѾͷûʵûˡ
죬ǺͻҵҪɽΪʳԼҵһЩ϶ȥҪҪһȥ֣Цʵ
ǵˣ
һĨ죬ԥҡҡͷܾȥ
Ϊʲô
СһƲ
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ԣ룬ƺô¡
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кáСмʵ
ѹ˼ħ
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492 ṭ
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ձ¹ȱǰһʱõĽƾһζѪ⻮Ӧɢ
У˫Ȼǰֵˣɱ
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İ֣˭أϵɺϣǱĿģ
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ע⵽ǰ˵źò˱仯һĨԲĹâԭ任ݡ
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494 
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Ӱأһۣдᣬպϡ
ѵʹ飬ǷҪԼˡ
ƹڱйǧٿ׵ĻҰϣսʤ߰ȻУɫѪϵ䣬ԼҾڣڣȴˡ
Ծڣ
һ̣һŭĽȴһɫЯŭ¿ƾ䡣
Ծɫһ𣬺ԪȻĿֲ⡣
Ȼһˣұ֮ϣѪε£Ⱦ
¹ᡣ
ۼǰֵŮӺͱʧ칭Ծɫһٱ䣬˲


498 Ӿֱ
⣬ЯŭԼһɱ࣬ҫ۵Ĺ⻪һһɫⶴգֱԾǰ
䣡
һԾŲһ̤ǰԪΣȻĳ
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ĻͲҪ
Уڣǰڣȥڵĳɷ֮嫷Ԫ룬ʱѹơ
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ļ޿ɱܣԾڷ֮ŭۣȻײɫ⡣
һѪˣನ֮Уʧ̤ն˲е֮ǰɳŭϮ졣
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Ծڻֵǣػ̣ǳӣشС
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ҾϢγһ޴УԾ־׵ѧֱ˼Ϣգء
׹𡣡
֮УϿգ߿ž޴ǳԻ档
ۼΪȫֻ¹ңѪʳȾ칭һɿֲϢѸپѣѪû֮һ̣ѪɫԻؼ֮һƿն
ֵļ֣Ѫ˵ѹ˼䣬ؽԲ
У˫ײʧɫʢĹ⻪޾ɢݻ;һУ߽⣬ɳˡ

ನ֮У»ԶѪ£ش
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δԼش˾ɻһͬŲģѪɳ
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֪һֱΪԣڿ֮λֻ֪ڿպԾʲôǽԼλĻǿֲջУǽɣвʳӣԼУٲ֮أ̫ϸɣֹֻ֣ħȰ
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˼˼𡣡
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ĪҪҷƭңһ㸶ԳܵĴۡһת뿪
һգԼ̫ϸ֮ʮ꣬Լ˫ۣȥ۲Լ׵ˮ£Կࡣ
ʮǰĽգԼŭ죬»۾һ̣Ȼ
ͬһʱ䣬ԪײɲǣʮӦ䣬ԶıǶĸܵԶ𶯣վ塣

һѪӿգٵĴϣӰŻ죬ͬʱ˳ʮ
һѪԼϣѪ䣬Ⱦɫȹʢںһ̣ţĿѣԡ
һΪԼң̲κԼۣԼɰԼķʽػλһļ塣
ϵıڿաԾڵҰģеһУ˿ǣһֱ侲Թ۵ȴĬĬؿС
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¡¡𶯵ҹ£һ²ѿ˴̶ɳŭУԾĿڣһѪӿһĶӲһǡ

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˵䣬ҫ֮Ի䣬ʢĹ⻪أҲҵĺҹ
ֻأһҪء
ȻʱҹУһ˲һ죬˲Ϊ֮һ͡
Ծڣز졣
˿ڣ׸ϵɢΣ֪ڡ
㣡
ǰϤݣȴǽȻͬĮԾһĨ𾪣ôҲû㵽󣬾˴
һǰǣشӣûٲһתȥ
Σ˶յĸףҲС
ԭЩƺõġ
ǰеĳ׽˲һУȻһЦһѪŻ䳾
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ƽ˵һ䣬ǰԪŮڡ
ˡ
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˵Ĳĵ̰һ֣ûκ塣
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֮ϣʧص˫ˮȻգһ̣һĳХ쳹Ʊ䣬һͷ˿죬˵ѹض
ǣȫ
ʧأӡںϣ֮У˼ȻֲۣɱХڶ


499 
˼գƹϻڳÿһ˵
ٻӰ˿裬һϢֲĲԶ٣һ£µѹͬ
䣡
֮ϣһϸ׹иУ¾ףҪΪĽɴڡ
׳׹⣬ҫ쳣Я֮££ŮӲɽһֻϸ̧𣬺Ȼ¾ס
ѳٴηǧٵͬʱ£Խֲ

ŮӴѪӿʣһŭȣԳ棬̼䣬һͣѸɢ顣
ǿ󵽼˼첻գ
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˵ȫҪ
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ߡ
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һִţԼźһԽޣֱϵԲ֮
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ѪУһ

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ǣԭ㣬Ҽסˣټ֪
һʢȻ㣬ϣһѪɫ⻪գֱ˼ǰ
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޼·Զһ̤룬վҲԻͷ
ԼңУһĨٻӰǽϣ;ƿݵԼ֮ʴվľͷ
ȿȡ
ɭŵһһ𣬵εѪѱѪˮȾɺɫĴϡ
۾ѽûյĹʣȻȴһ˿ǰûеƽ
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⣬𣬳͸ϵķ϶Уһ̣˵ů
ˡ
̧ͷƣЦЦôãڵȵˡ
Ը㣬ƽϲ֡
У䣬һۣǰŮ޺Թ
۹ۺ쳾Ǿˡ


500 ħ
֮Ұɱٿڰ׳˫·Ѫڡ
Χϣе·λλǰձս
ɱ
һ£նħɱ⣬׷
Ȼһıӣನ𵴣֪˫ս˫𣬽콾ֶΪ
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նһϿգɿնգն˻Ȫ֮·
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ﬣ
½棬󣬳ꪴӺĬĹ˿Ϣ֮
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֪ԣһһɱлնһ˫ӣûƬ̷
ھȻŮ֮ǰκ˶ܶȥȥϧһд۵Ļȥ

һ̣رΧɱУֲɷ֮˫УתаɾֺȻ׹
ĩ֮٣ɳڣ级ˣǿѳֲаȻ塣
λУŻ죬а壬Ԫһҵҡ
֣֪˫תһϿգӰԶȥ
ߵ𣡡
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ףһȥһʱ䣬Ҳ취뿪ݰɡ
ǳε˴Ϊ˸ԼЩ鷳֪һֲò·ˡ
ڡ
ڡ
ǳһ̾ٵ飬Ӱжȥ
̶̲ӵʱ䣬Ҫٴη룬Ϊ˼һսǿǣǰ֮·˼ѡ


501 ·
ǳȥԶѣ֪ͬУȴǾܺǳѡԶķϷȥ
⣬λΪ·½أһ·׷·ӹһӰתۼţħ֣֮֮ǰʧ
֪Уֻǣݽʵ̫󣬼·Χ׷½أǰ·ѡ
Уλҹ֮ħ٣Ϊħ֣֮
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죬ħҲ˳Ӧ⣬Ȼ֪о󹦵£־ǹǹ˿֪ԣ򲻵ѣǲԸðա
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̣֪֮죬һ˲ͣͣ޾ɢ֮⣬һλλǿнһ̣ǲ֮⣬ȻʣԶ

֮ǿ֮ںҹųķ绪һ죬Ӧݡ
׵ĽģλֵУһֲľನңɫѳоȻ飬žħơ

һѪ죬λǿ졣
սУ׼һ˲֮϶ӰԶȥ
׷
סӰһȣѸ׷ȥ
λŻeֹ⻪ҫ׷ȥ
Ǹǣ
ħѣԶս֮ξŸɫһһ̤֮׷ȥ
ҹ¼۵巽·Χɱе·׶ش֪ˡ
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һ̣˵ڹֱʣڱ¹⡣
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ʱħֺǰۣ׷һһҹĻеʧڹеĺɫӰϲĿʹԴϢƬ̺󣬺ףǰǿߣһ̱˿־塣
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Ứе췢ģܻų֤֮գΪ֮ʱ
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΢ʶڽ̫صΣ뾡߹ƬأҲܳų̫á
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죬շһΪŭνȻʬ˱ܡ
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˵ģٹˡ
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505 ʬѲ
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509 ɵ
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⣬ɵλʱܵķԪĶȻʮ־ңǿƽλߵĽԶ
䣬ɱҲɱˣ֣һǴ˻󹦵ߣ˼һˣߡ
ˣһײԸ֮ˣĶˣǶϷ
һλ߶вλ߻ԶԽкǿ죬ԣ»ȪһΪӼѩ˳ʱ䣬һĿıΪ˶Ըӡ
Ҫȥãǰʼһ仰˵̲סʵ
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ԣɫһŵʵ֪ɵ
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벻ɵӣܿ뵽йؼɫصӸģ
Ȼʶãߵȴʮ˽⣬ͼǾԲܾǵġ

˵ͷӦòϣλߣʵǲ˵ţݣ˵ʵӦòһӣפϹ֣ɵλж֪ǾԲᳬһֻ֡
ҵһԴʱҡԥƬ̣ʵ
ͣһӣУһƵ̶ǰ
Լðɡ
ԣû뵽ǰ߻˸ɴͽԴ˵ƷȻʮֲôµĳŵ˵
ǰƵ̶ڣһԴУƣȥ㹻ٿֻ֮࣬ǣһЩԴ̺йƬû˿֪
뾲Ƭ̣޷ʶЩйƬ󣬱㲻ٶ࿴ȡԼһ롣
أô֣ƽ
ҿͷһ룬ܣ͵лҵľ֮ˣҲϲǷ飬ϲǷ顣Դǵ
ЦҲû˵ʲô˵Ƥܺ˳̶ȡ
ǰѩӵµֶû˵˶ֺɼƵ̶ǿȥô򵥣̶ܿĲ˶ȻҲܣϧǵĳŵУԴĶҪϰëˡ
ںô룬̶ⶫɽжû𻵣ɼӲǶôˣûκιܣҲǲ
ΪҪȥɵתͷʵ
ɵڣ˶֪಻⣬ڷţԼ뿪ȴǴЩ⣬ĪҪ˵ʲôϧֻǺŪĻ
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ЦЦΪУҲˣԣɵʲôΣգΨһп֮ܳˣ㡣


510 
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Ѱգɵټʼջδ֣صĲȱԽԣǰе·ܵ谭˲òһУܹռĵط
·䣬ɫԽԽأزƵɵ
ڣеʮʱǰҲû·Ŀȥݣޱ޼ʵޣβ
ͣǰĺڰû̫ԥֱС
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ݶٻӰǰŮӣһϮؾȹʮֲиһԵѹȸС
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Ͼ˵Ҫȥ󿴿ƣʵ
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ò˵λүһˣһֽ̳Գǿʳ
񣬱ɺʹĻƺ⣬Ĵڣγȹ̵̬֮˭ս
漫֮أֵһᡣ
´˴γǲͬģݶ˵̫İҪҵλ֪̸ס


511 ħ
֪ħֺ꣬ɵݣֻһλĽٵϾͬ
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Ĺ⻪ںڰԵС̥ǵĽ룬侭ɱ䣬ÿڿʼնκα仯ɫ󣬶ܵһɳǵ⡣
ףһ˵ľҪĮʲô̶ȣŻԶô侲
£Īһ㶼ż
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ֻڴУһſʱ
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طһμʬѲΣ˵ɵܿıһƬС
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¡¡Ŵ󿪣룬𶯣¡¡УһԶպϡ
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𣬿һٶȹرյţһĨ

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裬䣬ս׳ˣһһʽǲ˼Ѽսںҹмš
ݵսನرɫԼҾգ̤Բħһչ˼۷
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˫ƺ˫棬ѵľУһĨѪԼ׶ܴ

ϲ棬ŭüңԪΧڹڣᴩأ֮У˼䡣
Ʒ־֣۶ɵ̳֣޾֮ѹ¡
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512 
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ؾͷĺڽһɣ򵥶޻ΨΨһ

˼ΪƱѹƵ¶ɢ֮ϣΨһ貵һ档
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518 
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ལƣɿսָ֣֮Ԫ֮𣬻ΪһεĽһϲбۣѪ졣

۶ϣͣݱӰɼٿǰĴ档
Уɽ֣ͣ
˫УӳյһĻϱϣལ·ɻشУ˫תһɲǣɢһ
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521 ̰
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֪սħ棬ҫ£ֳᷨ࣬ѵļ
Ԫħһ񣬽ڣƷѹħ
þ֮ڣܵӰ죬ֵķħ֮ڽб
һ֤ᡣ
ӳɣ˷ʥУ޴Ľɫe֣Ի֤⻪ҫʥ⾻羡֡
¡¡Ļþ䣬֤֮УԽޣûħѹ¹
þ⣬͵һͻȻһѪŻȾǰש
ħ֮գʱѹħȻͷϣ׷ȾһĨɫҵհһȾ
ͬʱ֮ϣйݱϢѸٴ̣һʱ䣬𾪡
Уλҹܣڵ׷ݵݣ˸̡֪
ݣΨһ
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պ̫׸Ĵ·һսʾݣʱһڡ
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սָʱʮպ·ϣһսȴԹ
Ϣĵڶգ֪εأһ⻮죬ףɼ
ˡ
ӦݶԼս
ݴǿĽԽ˼۷壬֪·֮ˣ˵֪Ľ϶壬ô֮ϣ㻹һĽΨһ
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Ϊβٴʵ
ħһͬʡص
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һʲô֪鷢ˣʮȷǰŮӱǹŮд
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ӰıУһĨٻӰ˯޵գƽͣɲǻ㡣
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Ͷķˣе̰ǹҪˡ
У̰µˣ٣һϢȴǿ󣬾һλǿߡ
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Ȼһ˲̰צٴα
̫ɫ£Ųһݣּͬ٣ָԪȻ¶צ
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ߣ
ܴ̰һߣּ䣬һںڵĹžʣ⻪£һƬա
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̶֣͵£һ𣬹ž⻪˲һ͡
һ˦̶ȥȪʱסžӰһٶս֡
צ˶̰ǣûӰ죬ƽһսۡ

⣬Хڣ˫ʧ˽ɲɣһǧɣԲ

壬Ŀк죬̰Ѫӿʮʵһۣһӳꡣ
ֳΪᱨ𣡡
һ価̰嶸ȻĽѪǣɢ춼ǣ̰һҲ̰֣Ҳ̰֡
ǰѪǣüͷ΢΢һۣ̫Ѱ
ͬʱ֪ηһĮ˫żԶ̰ǹɱɭǡ


522 
죬İϣһս̰ǹѰãҪҵһЩйش˵ص
йƣֻһЩ͵ҩ𣬲û̫⣬⣬Ĺ֮࣬ѧ⣬Բޡ
˱ķҲϰϧ˫ﲢû¹ʶɢˡ
ѰƬ̣ڲ۵Ľҵһڴ˷Ĺż򵥿󣬶Դ˵شЩ˽⡣
Ϊ츮ǣֻһƬأȴ֮żϼأ츮ϣ̫ʱɣʱ̫ãңɲ顣
ż㳯й֮ȥ
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⣬һ£ҡѾ࣬Ҫѣһλ˼ǿߣİ죬С
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Ļ֮꣬ضʼȼػ֮ɡ
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˰һأһκö
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գһᶫߴ˵
꣬ȻǰһϢڡ
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̣Ϊ˼ΪףϣǿΧɱϴ档
ʮϢԾգ棬طꪷ浲죬ӳ֣Ĭϣ˫һʱΪ֮;
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һ̣¶Ԩϻ꣬λ𣬱ϣ
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֮ףܵԼ칭ѣͬʱ̤գһԪԪ֮칭
Ȼ콵ĺɫ꣬ףݵɣ˼ӳɣƾ춯أԲ
У̤ת𣬱ܿ׹µļ⡣
һ죬ѿ˿Ʈ䣬ϣһɫȾ졣
ǣˡ
涯ŭһӣ𶯣컯Ϊɳͬһʱ䣬ɳԨ֣Ŀڽ졣
Ľͬ׹
ֳĶ֮УĽأޱ߽ѹ֮£رմһڵĹ֣Ѫ֫ɢ졣
ֹ֣¶һն֮Ӱʧٳ

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֮ϣüͷһ壬Ӱȥʧ
ս֮󣬺࣬Ŀ۵Ĳк죬λһɱ󣬲Ұܡ
ֹ֣ʣͬһʱ䣬ĿڽҲķɻأ뽣С
սɫ·淽ȥ


523 ߴ˵
ݳ⣬س죬赲Ҫˡ
УȸһֻͨɳƷǷ𽡣
ȸ
ڳ˶ϳݣɫ𺳣ޣ仹ȲϹʱ˵ӵлƵҲǿ߷
ߵ֮ȸճɲǣе߶ˣ׷ȸ
ౡ
ȸԸչֱ졣
ߣô𣿡
һ̣Զȴǿϼ裬޵֣ȸ
ౡ
ȸ˻ʢֲƣֱӷٻ޵ʡ
Ŷ޺սϣͻ΢Уǿȸ
һ̣׷˵أǲøκˡ
׷Ӱһǰֱǧ֮⣬ųȸδȫѣٶȫʩչ𽥱׷ϡ
̤һɫĽ֣ȸ
ƻ֣ɱȸͬʱʱĽ
뽣Ϊսȴǵˮ©ȸӰһʱ;
ԭλֶˣĪƾ񡣡
սڽʱԶһλ֣̤תӰ˲Ϣս̧֣̽򵶽еȸҪѵõ֮
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˶һתƣƻ
ﬣӣɱĵĪƾ˰벽ٵ¶һĨЦ⣬֣αض˴ĸλ𡣡
Īƾ춼ɽ̫׼𣿡ƿڣ⽫ҲУ
ӽȸǰüͷ壬ȴҲûж˵ʲôȫӦǰʵԽԽ˵ޡ
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ĪƾЦһĸҺλֻΪλһ֮ˡ
ৣ
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ȸһ˲֮쳤ٳԶȥ
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ս۷壬Ѫϣƣȸڣǰ߷Ѫ룬ת˲󣬵ΣһĨºڷӰ֣ͬġ
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״ɫ£Ϸâٴ֡
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ݳУȸϢѴ÷з춼ɽ̫˳ֵһĻҲһЩǿ߿˿
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ҲȻĸ̶Ƶĸ̵ĴҲ˵֪û˵ɱλ콾ҪͨһλѪˡ
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ǿıʲôãλ콾Ǳֲ֮ǰδУѳɳ˼¶Ը׵
ǲ˽ʼĩƾղ²Ҳãĵȴµķչɣ˳棬ʱ֪˵Դ⣬ˢӡ
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ּįǰ£Զúܡ
ݣ·壬¸߹Ҿ죬£һƵӾǿϢΧնŤ
̫׸𾳽ǿߣգ׻ᶫϴ档
·⣬һɽϣ˼ǿ֣ϣȹ⽫Ŀ֮ս
Ϊһս˭ӮһɽϣλӾһ˿ʵ
̫׸
һƽشĽϴվδ𾳣̫׸̤꣬һΪԲ壬зɣ졣
ǰҲôΪᵹǸڴλߴ˵ı֣ǰĪױһλ߷䣬пܱǴΪݱ𣬰ڴе˼λʤ̫׸Ҳûпܡ
Ī׺ݱֻǳ𾳶ѣ̫׸޷ͬնڴһιҪˡ
ǣɣһ;ûʲôܣĿԴبŲƵһ졣
䣬Զ·ϣһֱȴ̫׸˫ͻȻ𣬿ǰһĨɫˣ
£Хƣ˴ѣһ»һһ̤ڳÿС
ݴأߴ˵·塣


524 į
·壬ƣ¸գϣ£ңһƽһĮսתƷҡ
壬վһλλ˼ǿ߳˷ÿ֮ս
ˡ
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һƿҶ˲Ϣ䣬
Ȼָɢ֣һɳܣǰ֮ˡ
ѹ䣬ϼ⣬ƿԪ׷ǡ
̫׸ɫ΢̤ˣԪ׷˫
һ̣¶٣սɲǣƿ졣
ȻתĽܣģ̫׸أһۣѸٱС
ৣ⣬ƿǧգԶһ壬˲䱻ƽɡ
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δ䣬·ϣսٱ䣬콣ת棬̤У⣬羪裬ĿӲϾ
̫׸һѪȾ콣档
׼ޱȵĽһ˿һ⶯ԽУǿ̫׸һʱжԵѡ
˼䣬Ľ
·⣬ٶ𺳣̫׸𣿵Ȼǣ˼𶥷壬ôܻߣ
ΨһĽͣݽϴ˵̫ǿˣǿĳ˵
ڵ̫׸ȫ汻ѹƣһʵԷӳ
һ²ѿս֮У̫׸Ѫ䣬졣
ɶĺ콣֮չ貵ķɡ
ƣ̫׸Ӳһ۳Ԫɨ
һĨ⣬ལ׶ͬһʱ䣬ֺ콣ԪӲֱ֮ӹᴩǰ硣

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ŵʵİǰ𾪣ΪٲֲٵһսȴΪľѹƣߴ˵ѳɴ˵
һ۽ֱգʶϽ
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˵˻ʱ֪ƽ޲ûǫ飬ҲûԷƱֻ˵һʵҲǸʱŵһԵ⼸λ˵УǿߣֻΪߵͶѣֻֽ֪̳Ĺ
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ݣ·壬桢֮սڼ콻ӳâʧԵѹƣԽϼ
̫׵ԽսԽ𾪣ԽսԽشʱΪԼѵ˼ߣѰ·룬һս֪˼֮·δߵ塣

콣壬һѪ̫׸ƣҪս֡
ȻϢѱ͸ལ˲⼫С
ǰδе֮սÿһжƣδ⽣·жϵȣ˱쳣
սȣռݾϷĴͻȻˣǰ֣ʧڡ
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̫׸һŭһԵӿͷһȣŭڣԪ̼䣬ƾ䣬ƣƱ£쳣
·⣬һλλս˼ǿߣи쳣˭óĽߴ˵ˣΪٲãһսͻޱȿĽ˿
˭޷ţһλ𶥷徹ᱻѹƵ˵زʽò
˼Ĳ񻰣ˡ
Զһɽϣһλ̾ӹ˼޵еܰߣֻ𣬲ӽ쿪ʼ˼ģ޵С
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࣬ޱʵ࣬ǧ֮ϣǵһγĽֲĽֲĽߣֲĶݡ
ܱͻȥڼ䷢̫飬ݴУǿߣжأ
£սͷʾʹ̫ܵ׸һ壬ԪڽУۻѹޱ߶·嶼֮ҡ
ǰ澲ڷ˫ؿǰڵѹƽɫϣûаֱ仯
Ѹлᣬۡ
쳾һ档
̫׾ѧ֣쳾ֵ棬˵ĺŭУն쳾֤֮У
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£ʣԨһȦȦɫ⻪ڣɿռ䣬˲ޡ
һ䣬޵
У潣֮ʽ˼䡣
һ̣صĺɫ⻪һУ¹⣬գк쳾

һʹƺߣ̫׸еȻ۶ϣһѪӿգȾ·塣
˰ˣܵңܵĺ䳾̫׸ףΪʲô
ĵ
ǰӰһ仰Ҳû˵ĬĬߵ֮ǰԨ˻ȥ
֮ȡ֮ɱޱҪͽ䣬ֻѡ
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525 
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츮ϣ˼Ȼ࣬ȴҲȱǣܱΪԶֻһλ
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̣Ҫ˵һɵϣҲˡ


526 
ݳǣԺһһʽһһۡ
һԿţиӣǰ꣬˵Լ
ĹʱҲͬĳ嶯çײ֪߰ɡ
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˵꣬Ůûٶൢ飬˵ĺѸȥ


527 ۷
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528 
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зնһһʽԻһ۱
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СΪϣʵ㣬ңڼıԭȹܵСӰ졣Ůѵ
ףᵱġ


530 
ݳǣڣ˶յڵҪ뿪ʱ
Ϊý̵Ķѽ̣ʣµ·ֻԼȥߡ
дһλϵţɲʲôóȴΨһܴлĶУһ˳ΰ
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531 ƾ
칤Ȫϼɽһǧ߰һ˼ɾ֮أȪ֮ɽص˷ģƽ
У칤Ȫʮ֮⣬¾ΣԶ칤Ȫ˫Ĺ⻪
칤Ȫˮǰ棬ᣬס
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䣬ֳһ̤Ԫڣϱɫ⻪ֱ죬ƣþ쾪䣬նΪ֮ɫ
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532 ֳ
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533 ɱ츮ƾ
˷Ʒһ׹֣ѹֵϢڳɫһ䡣
ؼʱ̣ǿѹһƣ߶ȼУ˿⡣
ǰվԣʱ׼µٵ
Ǹ˭ôûмȺУд̵ĵӲ
Ӧǵĳϡ
Ҳ̫˵㣬ٷѰôһĳ١
˭֪أҲʲô֮ͬɡ
ȺûӰ쵽յϵļˣڻҪʱһԵλ¯еҩҲɣ¡¡һͬ񵤣֮١
˫ͬ죬ɫƣɺɫתΪѪ죬֮ˣʱˡ
鷳ˡ
λɫҲһٹ죬ĺֹʮ
ȥһλ׼ǰ
ɡ
һλϳֵֹԽ࣬Խǿ£ö񵤻ˣҲðա
ٵǣѰ
ܽĮһЦôŵõᣬǰ˿²·
ǰյϣۼԽԽǿüͷ΢΢Ҫùˮ
䣡
Ϧ価ҹ֮ʣһ׹⻮죬ǧأҹ絹ת쳣
ָһն׹⣬˵һ׽١
ר£ùܡɨһԵˣڵ

׳ĺһλӵͷȫ
࣬һһ£Ųһ̤޾ڣڰµĺɫֱ죬һġ޾ӲУųֳһƬ
ǿˣʶǰһλֶĳ
ʶ
һλҡҡͷǼͳϴˣǰûм
ԶܽؾؿǰĺˣĹâǰСˡ
ǲ֪Ҫȵ˭һλ콾½
ٱ裬˶ΪٳʲôʱͻȻһ߲ϼӰһ£ƾ졣
ͻһƣףÿ˵ԤϣֱΣûκοǣԴ׹һơ
Ȼ¡¡𶯣£ݵ磬һʯѿֱǧ֮⡣
ɱ
ڳ֮ˣ˶ϳߣ𾪵
ɱ֣츮Ǽ˽֪ɱ˶ϵľ콾ʿֲ˼𾳣ֻʱ⡣
ˣΪ̰ǳ
߲ϼУõӰٴ֣ѹա
ϵİΣһԪǿг𣬾ڿն
Ȼһ˷ֿ߲ӰգǰˣɱԽʢ
ɱһʶ뱨ǲ̫Ѷַˡ
䣬ԶһٻӰˮӣȱգڳһʧ
츮ʥŮ
ϣɱһϳˣɫ䵭
Ů߹ߣûͣǰŲ֪ʱֵһλߣƽ֪Ӧʥصת굤á
λµӵĵ¯Уغܿˡƽ
л
츮ʥŮԣһлתսеλӣɫԾ¶һ˿䡣
λɱɷط
һδƽһɱ츮ʥŮ𾪵һʱԻ񣬲׽յ׹ʲô磬ƽռˣȫ
ԭˣһΪԼˡʱվһĨٻӰ֣ǰˣ¶΢Ц
ƾʧ
ޱ巽츮࣬ɱƾ̰У̰Ǻ͸Ī࣬츮ɱƾ۵ǰ𺳵龰ĳǰ
㽫ҵй¶𣿡ֵƾε
Ů˵˼Ǳ仯޳ǰУλŮӿȥûж⣬룬һתͰй¶ɱ
ǵġ
ֳûзϣ˵ͷҵֻؾУҪҸû
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һ߻شһ߽䱸΢һλټɱ̰ǣ࣬ǺõĲٺˡ
ƾΪ˰æ𣿡߲ϼУɱڵ
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ǵĶԹҲܣǣת굤֮ǰ˭ڴ¡츮ʥŮĮ
ķţһʱ뽩֣һ̣ҩɣ쳹˵ƣ쾪ز
׹䣬ɴϸֱյϵ¯
Σһ˲ٹ˲ˣӰǰһԪڣ壬׽١
Ȼ죬˰벽Ӳǳ˻׽١
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츮ʥŮҪ𣿡ɱסΣ
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УǰߵĻȴûдŮ˾ǿֲ´󣬴еġ
ǰҲһֵһӣ֮Уһɳ쳹ء
ˣһᣬٻᡣ
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ãŵҩߡ
һ̣ǰܽؿһг߲Ӱĳ˵


534 ϶Ϊ
ת굤ɣǰֵľ̼䱻ƣ츮ʥŮµӣȡת굤
һ˲޵ٶȣڳ֮˻ûüӦתö񵤱ǰʧ

츮ʥŮɫʱ£Ӱһ
̤Ӱ˳ʮɣһеת굤¶һ˿ɫֵҩ˵ƺ޸ã˵ʵҪ
ԶֳȤؿű仯ľƣԴˣѾһǰȻУɱ츮ʥŮ֣з˼٣Ҳӡ
ǰ߿һĻһֱƽɫ¶һĨĪЦݡ
Сӣ츮ƾɱɱһˣת굤㣬ǰǰѽҲˡ
ţ
һУǰߣͷ赶ɱ˰
Ǳͷ츮ʥϷ츮ǣовҲ
Ҫɱƾԭ򵥣칤Ȫˮ
ɱľ콾κǲСвײǣдͣºܶζЦѡ
϶ΪЩƵϼһûһʡ͵ĵơ
˼ˣһ߽䱸ǰˣһߴȥտںߵǰûнһҲɱˣȰѽңҾɱһһ
˵꣬츮ʥŮʥŮǰǸϼһɱ㣬ҩҲҶģڵľƣʥء
츮ʥŮԣ΢΢ûоţȴҲûвš
츮ʥ֮Զ翴ȥǰгҪ赶ɱˣֻ֣ǣ˲ױ֮Уʲôè塣
ⶫжᰲһΪͽһ㣬ʱˣ³֮ճŵǰǿڽ㡣ǰߴ
ǰǺˣףһƽꡣ
˵꣬һ壬תܣٶ֮죬ڳ˶Ŀࡣ
ʥŮ˵ض߶⣬ͽҷŵĻǼ٣ʥŮһ֪
δ䣬Ӱ츮ʥŮɫ΢䣬̤Ѹ׷ȥ
ϣɱʶ໯Ϊϣת˲ʧ
뿪ֳ»׿һǰһڵͷЦЦҲȥ
Щϼһǹܻġ
ȥһˣ߻ڣ֮ʮ㡣
Ѳһλ˳ȥˣһѽ߶յ˵

УһϵӦһ䣬û˵ʲô
ϼɽߣɽ£ӹֹ
һ̣վһںɫĽƾ£ڴ֮ϡ
ǰһսܡ
һ̣Ӱǰǰˣɫ졣
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ˣľûôƽͣй⻪˼
ʥŮɱΪ׵ܱɶԼĵҩϣɱ
óת굤ⶫһ飬ʮֵĲʵĿȱʧʥŮĪ֡
츮ʥŮؿƬ̣תߵһԣƽɱǵĶԹûȤȥܣһ䣬ת굤ʧ㽫ʥŭ𡣡
ߣɱξ塣
УӰЦһڴ֣һ̤һϼڣŭȪ·
ӽУ˲ãֱơ
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˵ת굤ҵˡֳµ
츮ʥŮԣĿ⿴ǰߣɫĮƾôɱǸˣԼȥæǡ
ǣ
ֳµһЦɱ˵£Ҳ̫ϲֻûҵֻؾС£ʵڲֵôһܡ
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츮ʥŮһ䣬Ŀ⿴ǰٶԡ
ֳҲûٶ˵ʲôǰ潻սˣ΢΢
˲ôɱ˻һֶ֮ûбҪܲǣǣ츮ʥŮӹˣӦÿı˭ת굤ֻҪԴ⣬϶ֺ
񣬾Ϳɱǲ£˳Ϊ̰Ǳ
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нֵ֪ʵԲͬһһʽǶݣɱ̹ǡ
գ֪ǽϳѧߣؾͷĻǰŻĳǲһֱڵһڲ֪᲻ڵĽʮֲʵ£ԿΪ𣿡
Ǹʱ֪ΪԼĻȣ裬룬˵ڣ㱻ĺ񿴰׳һؿһۡ
ʱĺ׽ѵĻڶ
˭Щƨǽûκζܹ
Ӵˣ֪ףûнĽߣƲϽߣ뽣ܲɷ֡
ڣ֪Ҳߵ˽ϵ۷壬Ψһ಻Զĺ׵Ļ˸⣬֪ԼʶǶôɡ
ΨһٱΨһǽͨΨһȱ֮ȡ
档
ʽ棬価ǧٽһŵգʱ·ֹͣ
Գ档
ս⣬ֳ¡츮ʥŮɫһз棬δš
һ֣ǧٴޣױȵһգ£أ
ݵľţݰĿֲ𶯣ɽͱʯꡣ
˻֮ʣѹ󷽣߲Ӱɢɱʶܡ
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ԶΡΰɱУʶɢһ̣һ˫ӻȻɱ£Խˡ
һ۷壬˰ܣˡ
ϼɽɽǰŽֳ£ƽɫκ
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룬ֻлһǰ칤Ȫˮ֮顣¶Цݣһ̣ȷ鶼졣
лͲˣֻؾҼɡֳ΢Ц
һ澵ӶѣԵùСˡĲѵ
ǣϣ㻹ܶհɣһΣɱĻֻһʶһΣǱǰˡֳƽ
лģԺ£˭֪أЦ

ֳӦһ䣬תűȥ
ɱɱ澵Ҳ޷ܣûС
Ļ価ʧֻʣ쳹ԡ
˶ߣǲǿ԰ת굤ˡһԣһֱû˵츮ʥŮڣƽ
Ѱ
δ䣬ӹɱ⣬׷
츮ʥŮɫ£ֺ⣬Ȼ죬ƽ棬ʯ쾪
Զ֮ϣ߾Զս˫⻪ϲ̰֮ˣһΪá


535 Ů
ߣ츮ʥŮս쳹
֪ͻȻѣ޵ף츮ʥŮһʱƣռϷ硣
ʽϿա
ʽ׹
ǿһдݹһУɽݣĿꡣ
սƣ츮ʥŮɫŭɫһӣһɫٳ֣Ҳƾն֣Խзɳǰߡ
״ӽ˫棬һ𶯣˫汻裬ȴֱ塣
ˡ
һƺߣ˰벽սѸԶȥ
ߣ
츮ʥŮЦһ̤Ӱɢ׷ϡ
һǰһ׷ӰԽԽҹɫ»ҫ۵⣬׹ǳתۼš
ǧ⣬ͣ˫⻪ƽɫκβལնȻ˫档
ʥŮǷ֣ͣú̸һ̸ˣ˫ڵ
츮ʥŮԣʲô˼
ǽжȻȥǸطȡȻҵһһϷǿ˷˵һ⡣ƽ
Ŀʲô츮ʥŮչٺͽУĮ
ûʲôĿģʱöѣ˵ĿģǶһѣһ·ˡɫ
츮ʥŮ˫ǰߣƬ̺󣬵ת굤
һһöɫĵҩ֣ݸǰߡ
ʥŮ˵Ƿ޸ꡣʵ

츮ʥŮҩеĽ䱸Ҳ˲٣ͷӦ
»ЩʣʥŮܹ󡣡Ͽҵ
˵ɡ츮ʥŮƽ
ĵҩɷ
ܡ
츮ϣصĴ˵
ûС
һɽ츮ǣʥŮǷ֪
һ⣬츮ʥŮĬ֮󣬵֪£
żȻ֪ѡӦ
츮ʥŮԣҲûٶʣƽɽεȷֹһ˿Գǵɽķ򡣡
꣬μطȭһллʥŮ֪СĵԵټˡ
ڡ
츮ʥŮͷ̤һ֮ʧ١
ǰǰȥεҡҡͷЩ̵Ĵˣȷͬһ㣬಻ʤҪԸһס
λȷˣǿڽҲǷƷΪһڽʧȥǡ
츮ʥزͬطȻ֪мλ˼򣬱ȵҪֲ޹ǣòʧ
񣬻ѵõҪǾҡȻټѰɽε䣬ʬѲبų棬ΪǹŮδס
һ£лʣ²칤ȪˮЩȪˮܹ಻ҲҪ쳢ԡ
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˼֮ʱ֮ϣȸֵĻӰӣϤ
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ȸ˻κ£Ӱܿ⡣
Ҫҵʲôʱ򡣡ǰԼһģһӰڵ
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ȸ֣һۣڣһĺɫȻһǰ߽档
˫ɢͬĽͬӰͬĽ·һ㣬Ҳֲ١
Ϊʲôһǰˣ
Ϊȸֻܻһ㣬ᡣȸסӰӦ
ġ
ԸϷԪڣҪһս
ȸ۽˲Ϣ֮Ӱɢȥʧ
ֵطУƾʧĺӰüͷ΢΢ȸطʵͷۡ
⣬ΪȸѧʽǰһսУȸѪй
ݣԭƮѩУŮ٣ǰɽȣһС
ʱվѩ٣һߵĺɫٳ֣ǰһӰΣ˫ֲ٣ѩ
ߣȷͣӰ
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ӰҡҡͷǸڲκˡ
ǱˡŮ̧֣ѩֹЪһǰȥ
Ӱɫ£ֲ٣ɽ֮УɫٲһȦһȦħص˼
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š
˼𲻿棬ӰͷϷ飬˿裬˫ңѪˮɽУɷڣ
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У
ۼ۷壬Ůͷƣֹػָƽ

ɷɣӰƺһһѪŻȾǰѩ
ŮӣǷ̫ˡ
䣬ѩƮ㣬콵Ӱ˫ķΣŶĿϣȴԵø䣬гĹ󲻿ԡ
ڿϳˡŮǰˣƽ
ŮΪ£
æһˡŮ
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ˣ

Ů֣һذӰǰ˫۽գڰ׵ͷ쳣
𣬵ᣬԪѺľʲô͸֧Ԫ޴֮١
Ƿһ顣Ůɫ
Ŷ
ǰߵĻɫŨǺˣֵ㸶˴Ĵۡ
ѡŮƽ
ɣŮȻҲѣεȷ֮¡Ц
˵֮ͣ˼Ůٴ
ȡ
ת˫ֱ󣬵
Ůʶ⣬ΪģҲĥ
ɣʲô֮ܵˡ
ͬʱ󷽣İĿռУĥǰѪٻӰɻһȦȦĥոһգ긴һꡣ
ͻȻһޱϤĸоǣҵļƬһ̣ڣ̫飬ٶϴ

һʹ֮ƺУ˿ǿϢɢתĥ忪ǵ
ĥ䣬ȶΪ֮УӰɫһ
ĺѩɢĥӰ𾪵
ߡ
֣Ӱ˲⣬ٳȥ
ĺѩ
Ů𣬽Ųһ̤Ҳһͬǰȥ
Ϊλ


536 
İռ䣬ɢĥգҡҷĺѩһϢ磬˿趯ħ
ʱռӰ֣ΪΧɢĥɫһԪǣĥعԭλ
̫ġ
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˭֪ɲǣĺѩԽǿƣ֮ӸѸ١
ᣡ
Ӱɫһ䣬𾪵
Σһ˲ŮһǰԪۣԴԴϹĺѩڡ
̫Ⱦ׵֮Ͽ⣬һʱ䣬Ծѹ¡
Ů΢Ԫٴ֣ϢǰΧǿѹ̫֮ӡ
ãŮ֣ɫرÿЩˣǲǶˣڵͳԼĳܽޣֶ֪һĺѩ
ɽһսûۼֻ֪֪֮Ƶڤ߾˫һս֪֮御ϣħӿ죬һսĴۻԶˡ
ŮʶŮڣ
ʶǵһμ档ŮӦ
˵䣬ĺѩ˫ۣĿ⴩Ůֱӿ˺󷽳Ӱ
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Ůԣһ̾ٶʣʵˣȷʱ䣬ȷĵصȴ˲ͬ·֣Ūˡ
Ҫˣ꣬ءŮ𿪿ڵ

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Ů鵶ĬδŻԵӰתȥ
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ĺѩѡ̫飬˵ԵֱˣٶֲΪʱ̫
֮һ֣û˭˭ĺѩҲã֪ҲգֻλȥĹŮڸʱ벻ĸá
֪֮ģҲ飬ȻɲŮΪ޷˵شӷ˼»عߺڰ飬̫أ֪ٳеκһ顣
֣ǰһѪŮӣƽĺѩԵˣüĥˣ£Ȼд֮ϴ㲻ȡ
ĺѩͷػĥǰһ̣֮ϣ£ǰ˫ùǣȾϵʺ졣
꣬ĺٻף˿ѩ겻ʶ

ݣʹžٻӰһһϸΪױ
飬覣һ޵ĳʮ⡣
Ҳ֪ˣǰ㲻˶Ŀֻǣû⣬Ŀɲ⡣
ɺʹģҪˡһΪԼĹױһ˵
¡
֣һʱûзӦƬ̺󣬻ع񣬼ĻʣԭƺǱɵĵδܶ˶ڴԱɵˣԣĻʳû±ǣɵ棬޻Ӧܻܿٴοս
꣬վСһĨ֮ɫԡ
ûױãҪȥġŹҪߣæǰסʵ
ȥġӦ
ԣɫһʲô
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ЦһĻѲǵСˣʳ£ֹ˵ġ
룬ҲԣתߵһǰùԼĽұ
ԴֱۣһԵŮһɫϽ
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ӳ֣̫ӲҶػȥˡ
ô˰ˣǸСһﳤˣ϶ҪֻҪǵǣǾͱˡϸȰ
ãԣҪ򡣡˻еĽ
ͬʱĻʹڳ־ſΰҵĳ㣬ͻȻһ飬ƣô£˵ĸоôô񵱳ʦҪʱһ㡣
ʣɵ̽ӻϢɵԴӽѲĽڳ󣬵ȷʧһʱ䣬һֱعһλ֣ص
á
ĳԣ˷֮ɫΡ


537 
츮ǣǧĴٲ֮ǰ¾ǰڷҡҷ̶칤Ȫˮɳע
һգգ¹ȥû˿ָļ󣬷֮ˮش
˫һĨֻǣʧĴˣҲѧ˽ܡ
Ӱ븹Уȡһö޻ӣ칤ȪˮУһ̣ۿɼٶȳ𣬺ɫķţޡ
޻
ʱһӰʢķ𻨣ڵ
ҡǰˡ
عĿ⿴ߵİҡ
ţЩӣˡҡ
֮͡
ƺݡҡ

ͷɵⱻ죬ȷݣ츮ǡ
츮ǡ
ҡԭԶˡ
Ĺϸһ飬֪жԶǿ̫ʹǣҪȥס
ʲô֣ΪλħֺҡǰߵĻʵ

ӦħֺȲѣ⣬һһˡ
ϸ˵ҡԣüͷ壬
ԥһ£򵥰ǰ˵һ顣
ЩУҡʳˡҡĿ£

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Ĭʮ֮󣬶츮ǶԣĩգҲܻͨգų϶ⳡС
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һ⣬κδǶܻỶӭ֮ˣԣڴ֮ǰΨԣһС


538 ǻ
ݣĻʳ֪̽ɵʧٵϢĳϣʮ±ǣֻһ£һοս
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λ·ֱһʢʱڣΪĿٴҵ
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ܰĬã˵ûоԵĶǣսԣһǴġ
ĳԣɫ֪ʦսʵȴκ˶սֻǣ˴αĻǧѷ꣬Ҳ
Ǵ֮ʣϣµµΪĹ
Լֻ㣬ΪҪıҪƶϣȫǲܵģһֱȥԶнˣʱѲ磬Ȼȥˡ
䣬ܰûٶ˵¶һĨº͵΢Цת͵ȥ
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ʦĹâʵ̫ҫۣڸ̫˵Ĺâ򣬴ľŹµģֻòѡ

츮ǣʥگʱڣ̽еĳǻʥأΥɱ⣡
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һľ죬ɽ٣˲ݣɽѿҽɽգĩֽ٣ҡ


539 ֪ɱ
ɽңʯ׹꣬޾ػӣȥ;һ
ನУ³ֱӳŶȥ
ӣ롣
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䣡
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ıõĺꪡ߲սסսꪺ߲սɱ֮սһسʱõģЩżеõ顢챦֮ˣʤ嶼ʲôҲǺץʱҰɣǰҵǶ١ֳƽ

ͷ̶ŴȥͲţܰбﶼϣʹǲݵĳУ˰ɱ˱ǡ


540 ī
ɱڣǰУû߶Զһʯű㵲ȥǰ·
ûκԥ̶ȥ֮ʯű飬¶һʵʯҡ
ѻı顢ʯһ˫۾ʱ֪ˣСӽ˻ʹһ㣬ۻҡ
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ֳһһ̤Ҫǰ
˭֪һ̣һĨӹٶȿˣһѱסϣؿǰŮӣѵҵģ

ֳڿǲҪնΪǻĸһˡ
뵽ɱѿҪֳ»ѹеĳ嶯ˬϽҪˡ
ǻĸظȥȻ֪ʲôãŮ˶̲סҪ˵ⶫһ
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ܲȥٺһѽôҲҪһı꣬ǰǰѽʵ̫ˡ
ǸͷкĿģɵӶó΢ļ׾ѣ·ʱòͶ
ʵʵ˵ɱǲݵĳУ츮ʥŮϵҲòȥֳǸŮԸ죬ò׼̰ѱɱˣࣿڵļһʱǡ
΢巽Ĺϵ治ô
ʢʱָյƽͣⷽȴӵŽ츮ʥصĿֲ̣λ˼κδ̶״ùͷ
ƻʱ⣬ͥŲ˿û١
ߵǰǰµӣƽ°񾩣
׹Եȡ
µӿػһ첽ȥ
ʱµӻһ񣬵룬
ʮ㣬һ䵤Уµӽ˴󣬱㹪ȥ
ǰ
߿ڵ
л
ǰǰ
֪Ϊ£߿ڵ
лҩ֮飬гµҩѺתࡣЦݣ
ͳ˵԰λΪֻʮ꣬ϣڼ䣬Բ硣ƽ
лǰԡЦЦ
һᵤĵ裬Ʒڵϼɽµ֮˺кôֻǲͣÿܲɵһһ裬Ƶǰǰ
лǰ
ٴεһлƷƷоԴӵŵĳͤУһĲ裬ٺĲ裬оʵһ㡣
һѵһ֪ȻΪ˵ˣǣⲻܸı䣬͡
ݴ˵£ΨǶ̶꣬ȴǷµʱ
裬ֻк֪һȲζϧһҲûлᡣ
ζΣ߿ʵ
Ʒζ
΢΢һЦʲôʱ˵ʲô֪ġ
ǣˣΪ۷壬Ҳ˿á״¶һ˿Цݣ
ǰµǰ۷塣ɫ
ЦЦû˵ȥв豭һǰӦΪǿڽɡ
ԣһס
ǰ
߻֣һںɫĽǰ
ɱ޼᲻ݣûӦѿ⣬˽ī񣬱ܿꪵǣҪߣҲôסߵ
ǰʾɫ
ʮڣɱ츮ʥŮ˽ģʮպ츮ʥŮţԳȡش˽Į
΢΢𣬿ɽ⼸죬ʥغ͵ìˣͷ˾ҪʥصĴ󲿷־ת޵ϡ
ʮ츮ʥŮ
䣬סǰīɲǼ䣬һϢȫ仯ʵ񽣣âĿ


541 츮ʥŮ
ʮ㣬´ȥ߾˼Ƭ̺󣬿ڵˡ

һλµ룬
Ѹȥī񱻵ȫ֮ͨˡ߻
ǡ
µٶһȥ
񾩣ǧҪʧ
ǰʧĺɫӰ
⣬еīһԸϧ֮ٴδĵӿ
ӽڽˡ
̶գ̬ȸı֮죬ȻʥضԵ˲Свڿ϶һЩ֪飬Ҫ취Ūʼĩˡ
츮ʥŮŮȻһΣǻ㲻֮ɱˣȷʵЩˣǣûȪһأǲѡ
츮ʥŮ٣ͷѾֻ֪طû뵽
֮أģ
һƬẶ́һǸʳĵط
ף츮ʥŮΪҪȥ˵أͷҲûͣƺʲô
츮ʥŮеĿģп뵤쳣̬йأãհɱһ׳죬ûȥĴϼ죬ȥɡ
뵽ˣԥ̶Ŷȥ
ͬʱɱУһŭĺ쳹أ쿴ٵǧٿ׵ĹһɱХڣԨŭ޲ýǿɶķʬΡ
ƾֳ¿е飬΢Ц
찡죬Ǿ콾ǣ˲СģҪڴˡ
һպ󣬶ģ˻Σ߳һ޼ʵĻأȻ
аδһˣΨȸʻص̧ͷһʼոȸᡣ
뵽ƽȸİ취ǰûбҪ˷
ߡ
ʱһ˳ȥԶʮλٱѺŰλŶȥĻڷлصʮ̶ִ
ڶ棬ңظţ뿴ЩѺ͵ȥ
պϦʱһ͵Ŀɽǰͣ£ʱš
ôˣɽǰһλĺӿѺһ̳ӹȥɫв
ǽеķˣʥص̫һʱȥôǰΪ׵Ĺٱӹ̳ݺݹһڣش
ҲǣϢһҹϽ·ɡ̾
Զ谵ɫ£˵̸üͷʥҪô
ڿƺҲֻ͡
ʲôʯʥӣ츮ʥŮҲ˹
뵽ٵһˣԼжŶ߸ȥ
𣬴¶ȶȻҹɫУһӹת˲󣬱ʧ١
Ⱥɽϣ£һλ쳣ŮӾǰҹתĿɽȻżּɫ
֪ʱԶһĨãٴʧ
׵Ŀ£һλڣͷ˳֣ڶһſȥ
ʲôط
ֹһ䣬СĴ
µ֧ŵԲľȻʱʯ£˵սľ
ʯ
һ˳ȥĿʯüͷ΢΢ʥҪʲô
ڷʳ˵ǲĶǣ츮ʥȻ;ûôˡ
٣ֵð𼶱츮ʥŮǰء
λ๤ģӿһ˳üɫĲɼ
ԣǲԣ
أ
ʯڿУͻȻһе䱻ɣУһд޵Ŀʯ֣ڲͬһ¾Ͱ˵Ŀⶼȥ
λ๤ǰʯ󣬳ڣ
һ̣ٶ𣬺޵Ŀʯڳһ֮󣬹˲ãֳֵڶ飬顭ÿһ飬㱻λ๤ϵ档
ߵĿʯ΢΢𣬲дʥҪĶӦþˡ
ϵĲ۱ɱ⼸󣬷ͬѰ
츮ʥŮеĿģӦҲΪ˴
˵Щʯ˸оɱϴһЩȴҲȫһ
ʥŮ
˼䣬һλλÿ׷׵ͷ
һλ๤·£츮ʥŮ֮߹ڳǻĵطһӣһڱɫĽ֣һնȻ죬ɣпһ޴Ļڡ

ϯľȿڣȻû˵꣬͵ؾҡʯ꣬쳣
׳ա
״ŭһڿһ߷յ飬˴Ķ󶴲Ź֡
ʥŮߡλ๤״µľʯһǰ
ү
ʱͻˣҲ˲ݣôڵ£˶ˣЩѵȫҪ
λ๤ԣɫһȻΣʱ̣Ҳûʱᣬߵ츮ʥŮѸٳŶȥ
ī񡣡
뿪Ϧ֮䣬ֻī񽣷棬̤һ⼫ڣīһӳһġ޾Ľ֣ڿϿ²׹ľʯ
Ÿߣŭ
ûüӦ̷ӵ㳯ſȥ
¡¡ҡĿУľʯԽԽ࣬λܵ󶴺Ȼ
⣬һλλ˫ȷ̱ڵϣǰݵĿ󶴣һ㶣ҿ
˳𣿡
һʣʣʣߺԩ˵һ̣żң㡣
ģƶ񣬴Ǿԣĳһ̣ƻѹ񣬲ܺˣûв
䣬£һնأӳڷ趯һӳˣзŭ֡
һѪȣûʸ˵κˣǣԼĴԼȥеЩ޹ˣʥŮ֣˶ġ
ԶϯľȿſеӰεĿ⣬£
ʽ׹
īһֱ죬Я֮׹£һն츮ʥŮ
Ϯϯľйٳ֣Ȼһ춯һ𽣺ƾճ֣ɫ˫ɳӭī񽣹⡣
Ȼ𣬳ɳϯľȽ»ٲ˫ƿնϣնӰ
ɫ£īնһһת˫ײޱŭĵ
ī񽣣ǵģ
нϯľϳǰ֮ɫ
˭죬㶼ҪΪ޴Ϊۡ
䣬Ԫָī񽣷棬ɲǼ䣬ΰ޾۶ֽ֮϶Ϊʱޱ޼֮ѹ߽⡣

һ˲֮֮Я֮Ƴ䣬;һƬƬѸٱ׵ľԶһλλٺԾ


542 
֮䷲ʮؾ٣īֵ֪ʵػض壬һؾ
ϯľȷԪ٣˫תȻײϻ𽣹⡣
һϯľѿ¶ɫĻףī
Ѫ;
ħʽī֮ϣѪʢ
Ȼ仯˫ɣīͻ谭ֱӴ츮ʥŮؿڡ
Ȼ׼᲻ɴݣī񽣷棬ֺ
˪졣
ֻϯľȲ˽˫תؽն
˪Ʈ㣬ɫ֣һں˵ĵ֣һӹ˫ֹ
ս⼤ɱ⼫ٽ棬ϯľŭ𾪣ԭһֱڲԼʵ
Ϊ츮ϴδ˵һˡ
ϯľǿѹ𾪣йһ˫ƣ޾ڣ˪У˫ƿն
Ͽա
īۣһϿգû˫绪
ȻУನĵδͣӹϷڣ뽣ƻס
վݡ
ϯľ˫ֲ٣˫תһ𣬻Ϊ£»ضᣬš
˭֪²ܣīնأȻײϯľȵǰĹ٣Ȼһ죬Ҷѣֱߡ

ϯľһεѪ£׻౻ˡ
к졣
ۼƣ̤ؼ٣ڽһ㣬һ˲ɫס
ΣϯľɫһĹ٣˫ѩƮ㣬˫ī
Ȼһɢֵͬһλãն䡣
Ѫɽشɫڲظնһĺۼ±ڼǧ˷ۣǿĽ財

֣һѪɫƿնݺ
ϯľһ֮ʣ˱֮УһײƥĵԪۣ˪УľȻػ塣

һնİײƥѣŮӷɳԶ
Ӱ£ὣǰ˿δڡ
ֻһأܹ߱ɣڲôˡ
ǰѵ츮ʥŮƬ¶֣Բǧڣֻʣˣˡ
ֹˮ֪ǰһĻɫ˿δ䣬ͺͿһľͷûκ
֪ݵˣУǣԲ츮ʥŮ
һ߽Ĳصϯľ˫ͻȻһ⼤ؾɰ˪硣
״üͷ壬ͣ˲
ǰŮӣ仹һϢȴȻͬԼ䣬ѳԽ˼˵ѹ
츮𡣡
г£³ĸ֣
츮ǣҲֻλ˵еſ˿ֲѹ
δ֪ξ壡
ռ𡣡
ϯļ֣̌ǧӦݣ˵ƣ񾪹塣
ˣһŵĹ⻪ٳǧ֮⡣
īնɿֱֱԶ츮ʥŮ
ϯľȻ֣ǰռŤȻ°ɽ⡣
ΪΡ
ϯľٴ̧֣Գ棬ǧ⣬һ˲֮
ô𡣡
һߣΧ𼫾ڣ󺣣ӲǷٿأɢ
ʽ졣
֮ա
ǿУٲУҵ˫У޾վʮء

츮ϯľȵһ˪죬γɾ޴ķѩĻ׹⡣
츮սʱ򣬴͵ΧϣеĴĵ
ʹ֮УһĨٻӰֽ˻ʹûˣýʽ赲ȫɳȥ
ʮȥʹĽ˲ˣһʱ䣬δϳǺˡ
£ʵˣסˡһλӰ֣
Ǻˣĳɫ£ʵ
ȥֻһСǣΪҲּ𡣡Ӱ
أ
䣬һλλӰɳȥŴ󿪣һĨӰ߳Уǰĳ㣬ŭĳ㣬ǵıأ̡
ĳԣɫ£ŮǺˣ
ʲô侲˵
ĳһ׼סǰߣһ߸Ӱɫ׼ʹѹĵ
ӰӰٳ͵ȥ
ôʹǴȻûˣӦûе⣬Ҫαѡּҵķʽ
ĳںʱ䡣
ǲҽŮʵ
䣡
ͬʱʹһɰѹһ˵գƾʹ
ʹϿգƵصʮصĻָȻԶ֪ӲսʱڣȴҲΪ֮
ס֡
һ̣һɫȹٻӰ빬УŴĿֲˣɫȻһ䡣
ǰŮӣĳɫҲˣعùãˡ
䣬ջŮг֮ʣտɫĽնȻײˡ
һ̣ҵײڳȫĳסΣæǰعùãû°ɡ
ĨһǵѪŭһǰߣߵһԵŮǰĵû˰ɡ
ûСأŮε¶һĨÿЦݣص
عùãʶʲôˣĳɫһʵ
ǰãգǱˣʦƤŭ
ĳԣ亹ֱæǰСʦ֪Ҳǹġ
λ֪ʦһΨһˣʦУλĵλǶһ޶ģҪʦ֪춯ô˶ԸСʦ󣬹ҪƤ
ʦһܽ漰λһеǳ
ˣԡ
ûй˼ǰһĨοһμʱСһﻹӣڶѾˡ
ĳ㲻ҷеĽȫɳȥ¶ֺõЦݡ
ôˡزֳȥʮ꣬ӦѾ֪ǡ
ϲ̣ҾˡӦ
ĳ㣬ΪʲôĿǰ˵Ĵĵɫ
ΪĿĳȵ
ԣҲûзʵڴмλ
λĳɫһش
ʦǸʱΣٴʵ
ͬն
ĳʵĴĴﶦʢʮλ˷ʦӷв֣ǿ¾µķ¡
ڵıɺ͵Σ
ûλʦ޼ĳش
Ĳͬǧﲻһǣǲԭܱû˷£ǴҲû֪Ϊ뱱ûгǳϵĴľӣ±ŭ


543 ͱ
ģ֪츮۷սսನȥǧɴأĿǽ塣
һ֮˼ԽԲǿڣһ˿ʶ壬츮ʥŮΪʵ˼
ī֣һ壬һһʽݺᣬʮأΪ֮
սȣ䣬Ķ֮ս츮еɫԽԽŨ츮ǺʱĽǿߣ˿֪

ٳ˷ۣݺĽƿն֣޾ȥ;һС
츮ƣռ䲻Ť϶֮
ڣ
͸һѪ츮Ĵһ˿ʶԷʵܴ
ϵӰΣ츮𲻸ս֮Ԫ˪Ʈ䣬Σ츮
ѩ˳䡣
Ѹٶᣬѩӿ𺳵ƣǧɷԲ˲硣
ʽ졣
ۼƾˣһԪƣʽ˫вգΪ񽣺Ȼ׹£ֱֱײѩŭΡ
ǧٿ׵ĿռܴݲУһʺɽͬʱ˳ʮɣƸ̡
档
Ѫأ֪𣬷Ӱƾճ֣ƽ֮С
ǿ֮һ棬޽ӽΨһĽǿ죬׼ǼУһͣٻףѪ졣
ŵĽδ飬ϯľʱش
츮ɫһ䣬ʶΪǵۣȫһƣӡǰˡ
齣Ȼһ˳ʮɣһĨ졣
ʶ壬ϯľӰ£ؿڴѪʳȾ
ľȡ
ۼƳأ츮ŭڣһȣǿ豾֮ǿһС
𡣡
һ֮ŭһʽ̼䣬Խ˼ޣʮռ˲ޣϯһС
״һɢȥˣ˫չֱ졣
ӵ𡣡
츮Ӱһǰְ£Ȼһѹ졣
ΣֳȾ£׹;У˫һ죬˲䶴Ůӻ塣

츮ƺһϢһȣɢڼ
أأɳˣȴʤ⼤ҵһս
츮𣬲͡
Ѫ
ľ£츮֮أ
Ļ価츮ʶɢ룬Ϊǹ⣬ɢ֮䡣
ûᣬߵ˵ϯľǰָסһѨӰΣ븹С
һպ󣬵ʮ㣬һѵ±͵ǰ¶𺳡
Ȼĳɹˣ
յʱ䣬Ҫ¹˵ļֵˡ
ǧĴٲ֮ǰҡ״üͷ壬ˣ
츮һʶ֣ЩˡɫЩƣ
ԽԲǿߡ
ҡĬƬ̺󣬻
ǰ˵ʵһʶˣʣ֮ϵĴڡ

ͷ룬ҡǰ㡭
δ䣬¡¡Զգʬɽֱ죬Ҫ뿪ⷽ硣
ǰҪˣһ𣿡ɫһ䣬һû˵ĻòУʵ
ҡԶɽΣƬ̺һ̾ˣ߰ɣΪ㵲½谭ס·ѣֻ޾ѰɣԼɰɡ
ҡѾҲûǿһ񣬵лҡǰ㡣
˵֪꣬ˣһУ˲⣬׷ɽζȥ
ǣˡ
ַӰ츮ϣһλλǿ߿ۣ𾪵
ɱɫһꪻնֱ졣
ͬʱ츮ʥУڷǻ츮£ֻʶԪһƣ
һǰһĹ⻪ʵķˣΣһ̣һĨӰʣ֣˼һڽһննȻѿ
һ˲֮˫б飬ֻΡ
ҡʱ꣬־ž޵ĶΪ츮𺳡
Ķ֡
츮ʥϣһӰ߳ʥؽϵӰսⲻڡ
ƾУܵʶֱֳ߳ķˣһĨɫҪ
ͣҴҶУϧ֪ܲλһĽ϶塣
ֻؾҪˡ
˼ˣն֣һ̵ĵֱ죬ͱ֪
ɱ⣬ҡûֹϾ졣
ϣı̵⣬κζԹֻͱʶһԵ֡
ֹټ
ϤӾ촫£ڸݵһ
ԸټѷǵСֳ»Ӧ
Ȼ
£ת˲󣬷ӰɽʧҲһ˿Ӱ
߿ʧ֮ϵķӰĬԣ뿪ˣϧī񣬸ϧһַĽ
࣬뿪ˡ
ʥرعʳ;УǺ

̾һ˵߰ɣԤУӻ֮ʱֻǣʱǵѣԤˡ
ǿ֮·У˼пܻʧӲΣ̤ϴ·ʣųԽִš
츮⣬ǿգɽǰУ·بδһĻΨһĲͬǶһֻ׷ķˡ
һӲͣϢ̶̲ʱ⣬֪ٶȥ֮·һ·̹;
ϣ컪⣬һλվµŮĵĴϾ棬粽롣
Ͼ˵ڻأ¾˾죬
ū澲֪Ͼҡҡͷ
̫ˣĿĵңʵҵ
õİ취ȥѯʣǣ̫󣬱ߣֻһˣð˸ա
Ȼһ취ȴҲʹãڱɻʹУֻ֪ʶϣ֪±õģһã֪ҲҪеܴķա
˸·ʱԶһλ۷ӭڰ׵ĳڷ趯˴ۡ
ὥħ˲һֲѹԶо
ˣϾͣ£׿߹ᣬһĨɫ
ôˡ¼״ͷʵ
һ˿֪ϢϾʵ˵
ԣ𣬵ȥҪȥ
Ͼԥһ£ǵ˵ͷѵҪСһЩΪ̫£пܺ͵ݵλŮͬһĴڣһע⣬ϡ
˼𣿡
ϾףӦ
Ǿ͸ԶһЩ¿ǰ˵
˶ͬʱߣλŮһ߷Ͼ󣬲㾪ޣȷһ˵ƽ֮С
һλŮӣòһЩһɫȹͬ˵·
ɽϴʦ㣬裬͵һɽ


544 ˹
Уһħڰ׷ͷ趯սħ֮ľ
󷽣ԶºϾ棬ҿ̫
ԭʼ֮أ룬ħϢϳͻʴȵģϳ
ԺܵԶǿ쳣ķħϢüͷ壬ħ壬ô£

ԭʼ֮ڣͻȻֹħ⽻ӳʵǣѽֲԼǷ𣬻ħ
ͣħϢڣǰС
ħеһ˿ģ䣬Ҫȥعԭʼ֮ص𣬶žħ
ͬʱԭʼ֮ǿϢิգŲϿϢɫ
ԣǺˣʶ޳
˼𶥷塣֮УԻ
̫ûн˼ԭʼ֮أҪԭʼ֮صŭ𣡡ɫ
ʵСΪϡѵ
֣һ𡣡ߵ
ӷ𡣡
λ̸֮ʱ콵꣬ɫеĺɼ꣬ħ꣬ѷֱ档
Ƿħ࣬ԭʼ֮أ󡣡
У˲ϢӹԪǰᡣ
ȱ
תȻԪһ𣬵Ρ
أ˰벽ɫһ䣬ͺ¿
һԣԼ״һӣˮᣬһˮԵĽ֣ɲǺһնŭϮ
᲻ܣָԪڣħϢΪąd֣ȻײϮŭΡ
ħԪ춯ص춯Уԭʼ֮ҡʯ䣬ľϵನӣֱ֮⡣
ԶϾƵ½ನɱԶѪһӿ
û°ɡ¸æסǰߣ¶ǵ
ް£ԶЩⱻϾ
µͷӦ¡
ǧɣϾԶսɫ쳣˼ΪȻˣѷǷ˷롣
ԭʼ֮֮սԽңˮ棬Ტã޶ȵĻȥᾪ׵ϣǿƽս֡
ޱߡ
ħŭڣָeַӡɢħУӣٿɫ硣
Լ״һˮ壬ξ޾ˮγһ޴٣Χǧɾ
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һ̣Ӱʧ츮ȥ
ڣϿգҡӰ֣ǧټƵǿ½߳ԴԴϣѹѹӰǳƣڱա
츮ʽһʱ䣬𾪡
պݶٽʮǣѸٱ츮ռ죬󲿷ƽ񶼱ֻ²ɣκηߣһɱɱ
սĲпᣬһձ㾡ɡ
࣬᲻̫ˡѲ߿Ѫɺӵĳǳأ̾
սۺʱѪ̻ƽҪʱ䣬ȱٵıʱ䡣ƽ
ˣһ᲻ڰն츮ų⣬ϾջҪ츮תˡѲߵǵ
࣬ı죬仰Ƕ츮ԣǶԽڶԣǷЩƽ츮ų⣬ı䣬ǡ
˵һ£תֻҪȡⳡսʤ̻µȨ츮УģԶװ͸ıĶ
а仰벢û˵Щƽ񣬳⣬һҪãֳܿ
ࡣ
ʱ춼һ񣬵
ΣǷ˼𼶱ǿ߳֡ƽ
ûз֡춼Ӧ
̫ˣȻǲռ졣
ǡ
춼߹
ȥӰԽԽ䣬ݵߣһǰƽ棬ô츮Цˡ
ݱ˴Ӫľǣһ⴫սü𣬺ÿٶȣλ˷ûܷصס
ǽڣ츮¾룬ս̫ϣɻὫ޵ıɢǸƵĻᡣ
Ƿ÷ˣ»߳
룬ͷ»𣬰Ǹһ·ǰȥرռĳǳء
ǡ
λ˼תȥ
ݶ˫ĵսսٿ»𣬰󷽣ָ¶һ츮ռĳǳء
ȻսԶûеļң츮ռĳǳأû̫أռ³ǳƽ󣬱ܳǳбȥ
ÿһǣ츮һǣȻ¶ȡһǣռʮر⣬ǽͬ裬ױ㱻ء
սһһⱻͻؾǣüͷ壬ûп츮ǵλ྿кĿġ
ͬʱУҡĿ̤𾳺󣬱û뿪
ղ츮֮ʱһսվع鵽ǿߵĶԾһ̣ľս
ݶǳս֪գ츮ռĳǳزϱջأȴɲļܽĽŲ
ʮ֮У츮ԴԴϴԶ츮ͽȫִ󣬽һⷢ
Զԣ̵ıͬԽͶԽ֮࣬ϵߣȫᣬϸϸս
˫սͬʱսǧһ߷ϣһ¾ԹȫַչеĳԽԽŨ
޴
ô죬̾ȻھһһصĵʧȥûеȵľսݾѱϿˡ
󷽣ǰԶӰǳһԻ󣬲֪ΪΣܾǰ֮ˣǰһ˿ͬˣֻǣϸоʱȴ˵ﲻԡ
׹߰ɣȥǰһǵ֮ͬתǰЦݵ

ѹеɻ˸ȥ
ΡΰľǰۣһӰ߳ǰλˣһ𣬻ع̹
ͬһʱ䣬Ĵڣˣ


558 ʮ
ǣ֪Ϊףӭ
츮֮սñ˫òʱ³ԹͬԿ֮С
μʦУ
λԣһϽλϣ¸հһЦݣº޺
λ߲ö񡣡ڵ
ʦȴ˶Թǰ򿹺У˵ؽ󣬵¥ڻЩֵգ
ЦЦյᣬӽٶᣬڵ֮ȫӦ츮С
ЩӵսʦĿԱߣսһսݹ˵
ӹսһһϸڼ䣬һδ
ǰ𾲵ȣ֪ΪĻֻǴ˵õ֤ʵǰȫŷ
ΪżջЩǳأ֮սƽ
ԣüͷ壬ô츮ȡĳǳأǲӦþ𣿡
ЩǳΧʲôҪԴ𣿡ٴʵ
˼ûʲôرԴʵӦ
츮ݣʮǣ㹻Ϊ󷽾ݵأգ˵һ˵Щһ˶ٴ󣿡ƽ͵
˼Ƭ̣һ츮׼㣬⣬֪̽ԷбĿġ
ʮ
ţ
һһʱδܷӦ
𿴲ȥˣڵʦ֮һЩԹҲûбҪ˿Ĵɡ
һǰ𣬵Ҹղ˵ȥ飬ȥˣֻǾ¡
Ǿʦ˵˵µʮʲôоǲŵ
һ츮ûκ׼ķԼңʳӪҲڴ˵أ츮٣㣬󷽾ݵؿ϶ѡ⣬Ϸ꣬Ҫǿıв
ΨжǱǸվڤٵĶݣǿߵ㣬вСԣ츮֮أѲ²⣬ݶҲصĵطδǰڴ츮شĲǡ
ڶõʱ츮ٶʮʱȫֹҲɣɴϼӴǽڣʱ˺ͶһҲ츮ֵʱ򣬴¹кã
β֣츮Ϊλ᲻ϹǣĿ޷ڵıעҪʱ䣬ȹ̺󷽷ߣĿģǴ츮ڼ䣬ȻһζûйȥǿϮڴ˵㣬ֻ˵޴
ģ֮츮ռǳغ󣬵һʱƽĪΪֻΪ˷ƽ޵츮ȷû̴ӪڴˣЩᱱϣһǵðţҲκ⣬ʮأʮأ԰ǧǵϣͶ·޷ֻѡʱ޵ˣ츮𣿡
壬֮ռĳǳضغãսһʼͲҪ̸ʲô£ЩطȻʧûбҪ˷ѱ;ջأ츮ԸǷֱǣҪǲʧȥµĳǳأµҪǣǶȡӵҪսԴҪء

ʦ˵ˡ
ϣֹǰ߼˵ȥС֪ʱѲ԰һԣǰһ񣬵ʦΪָһȥߡ
ҪȨнֹıȨĮ
ճĬƬ̺󣬴ӻóöɫ˹ȥ˷ǿߵһ˿ӡǣ䱻һΪ֪ԼһӡֻҪд˷˵ÿһ·Ȩ
ӹʶɨȻܵǿϢ
һ˿꣬˵ҲʮҪһ٣䲻䣬ǲɱġ
̧ͷǰһλλվ˼䶥ǿߣƽλսʽʼɽȥ֪ͨ»λߣʧȥĳǳأоϳޱһͬ츮·¥ְ֮£мǣҪҥͳûߣһ֣ɱ⡣
˵ͣƬ̣һұλߣ⣬˽ҹһȥ̽츮ʮǣҳǴ츮ǵİ취
ǡ
λ˼𹧾
飬Ҫȥһԣտڵ
ƹĿ⣬ƽУ񣬱ػþǣҲһѱ츮ر֮ء
յͷģֻҪһţ츮κ˶̤˳ǡ
һ£λǲС鷳ҡǰʱ׼֡ѵ
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ԣ˵ͷǱһٸļƲߣҲҪǿΪ֧ţ򣬺塣
ԵʵԶǾսʤЧİ취Ϊֹһֱλ츮ʼûʮа˾ƻڤʱش
ؼĹؼһƽɫս츮ǰһҪȻ򽫻뼫Ϊ֮ء
ݶʮеһ뾲ʱԶһλźµǿ̵֣߳࣬бıˡ
ŶȥһĨɫʵ
ǰر᷽ռǳصİ»λѻӾϷĿӦǳޱصǿ߻ش
֪ˣȥɡƽ
ǡ
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׿һ۳󷨣΢΢𣬡ɺϣǽڵڿˣǺߣһս²ǰǰȤ
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λȥǰһǣ˹ȥʮ֮УλпڵĵطǴ˳ǣϣĲ²û
컸ǣܲһڣÿһҫ֮УΪȫִת
⣬ྲӽ츮󣬱û뿪벽
رصĽأκ˿츮֮ˣҲС
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¡뿪ʵ
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559 ҹϮ
⣬㣬Уྲʮǰ֪ʦ彻֮
֣ܵߣ֮٣ʮǰ¾£һ˱ͥĶʢߵĶ壬һŽδеĸ߶ȣԴ֮ݿɳߡ
ǷµʱΨһ£ҫ˼䣬âλǿǿߣҲȻʧɫ
˺³£ǧ֪̳֣ƺǳн֮Ȼ֪ȴʮºߡ
ǧ֪ȴҲǲѣ֮ôƣӦֻΪ֮ǰѼǧ겻ܵĴĴˡ
ļ֮ңѣΪֵʱҹ̣вȴλԼµһ˵ҹ
ǸʱܲԼıĺսʤ֮ˣֻҹ
ʱֻ֪ĺ
֮󣬽˼ڤǺûаϵԵѹҲҪʲôıġ
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У뾲˼µˣݳλ񾩣һ͵ὣߡ
ˣ̫ͬһˣλ뿪츮̤ǿ·ʱڤδƿڵ˳ȥҲܽ
һʱ棬ϣع飬һ̣һƽ׼ʱ
λߣǰɡ
ԣһۣѹеľȣѸǰȥ
⣬ͷһ۸ˣΣʲô֣
ʦرķ֡ǰӦ
ʦֻʣһû̽ˡ𿪿ڵ
ͷǰĳǣ˵̽츮ԴͷУڣͿûΪˡ
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ڡƽ
ʦдˣȲܴùȥüͷ壬
֣ҡҲ֡
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һʱȴݸʹĴۡ
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ռݵֻҪȥ츮ıԴʱڣڽռоԵıƣ㲻ʲôıӲӲҲԸ츮ش
ӽԶˡ

߳ٲʱѶ֣
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һ˫΢΢𣬵
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ƽﲻˣֻܹ˾ǴˣǷħеԼÿһ¡

ٴε˵ͷӦ¡
ǣһƳ֮ʱһλ֣࣬ϢѲλ˱ľʦ̽Ļ񡣡
ԣȡ񣬿֮Ӻݺһ

ֻȥ񣬳
룬Ѳ춼̫ǹء


560 е
ǰУɫȹŮӣʷǷ׸泤϶һЩӰӣȴʧϡ
ߣ˼Į˼ƽ͡
֪һ֮УħȻΪһ壬ڻụӰ죬ܱ⡣
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ԽɽׯԽеųԽԣħԸ߰䣬˵Ǹ
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ͣԽԽһĨΣյЦݣק𣿡
ǰϺÿЦݣʶһ
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Ϊħඨ¹򡣡ĬƬ̺󣬻ش
Цŵ˵ͷ˵ûħħΪ䣬Ϊħκ˼Ĺ˵ļ䣬ǺܸӵĶ飬󶼹ۼţĿ־壬μһǧꡣ
ǸһĨ⣬ɱ
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ͷӦûٶƱ磬ҲӰɣÿۣһλ˼ࡣ
ңƺųһԡ
ǸôҲһʱܻᷢ쭵ҪһЩ
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ԣ۾һĨɫ룬ߵͯǽɣҵѡ
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á
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üͷ壬ħأħֺħ֮Ҫѹط¡
ħѱ죬֮궼زˡƽ
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ǰ׽һ̾ˣˣ˱ˣ㻹ᣬֻҪ֪㹻ˣֻϣ̵ĶԹʱܶһֿݣģȾɱɱġ
˵һԵº͵֪㣬һ֮ҡ


561 ϯƮ
ɽׯ֪ǸһͷĴ֪һλ˫Ȳзϵǰ˴
վһԾؿţΣ۽ǴĸѲڣΨܡ
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ҲΪ˼Դͷ
˼Ĵ֪ǻ֮ԴӦ
ԣĬú󣬵һԭһλᣬһΣֻΪ֮
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½꣬սԽͣǰһʱѲ磬һЩҪǱȻȥˡ
ַңһ·Сġ

ͷһˣת鷿ȥ
ϣͣڵȥ
ԣ룬ͷˡ
ǰ˼ȥ
ؾǵ·ϣбˣһλ黨СüЦߴߴ˵ûͣ
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ƭңа񾩡;ܹƿ˵
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š
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뵽Щǣݾ˷ңʦˣֻңңһ߷Ҳʡ͵ĵƣһ𣬷Ǵɡ
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˼ǣǺʵ
ɱ֪
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ǡǺ칧
ǣŵеоͼʱһǩȥȨÿһǵĵʧӰ졣
ƽǣԮһʮգսǧ
ǡ
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һһ´һλλ˼ɫأǺֽսԶݲʦİţ޶ȵıսûܹ˵ʲô
츮ƣÿ˵Ԥϣսʼս׶ΣǴûй飬λ಻ϧ۵͹ܵǿѹ
ʦȥ츮ϱѵҪһֱȥ𣿡ɫǵ
սйأڣֻΪ֮ծˣ츮սѺݳƽλ֪ʱֵĶвأܼʧбͼش
ƣ޷𣿡
ƣҺʱ˵ռơعͷ
ԣɫһκ˶ó츮һˣԡ
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˵ĲԶһλߵĴɣӮˣ䲻ˣһͿأ忪Ŀܣ𣬻㣬Ὣϣѹһע𣿡ƽ
ᡣ
ֱҡͷ񶨵ţǽڣ츮䲻ⳡսĶĲ̫
㲻ᣬӦڱռŵ£λѡΨһĽͣ츮ǳҪʱ䡣
˵¶һĨЦ츮ʵԱȣǰͰشȥλں󷽵ȣʤֻ֮䣬ڵ츮ʤ㣬ɡ
ԣһۺеĵԷ²١
ʦ˼ǣռƣ
ȫԣǵȷƣȫսǻռݾԱʵ
ԣüͷһ壬˻ν⣿
˵Ȼһٰܣǣ棬֮ͻתȻǰǣٳ̵Ĵ󡣡ش
λȽǿأ᲻Ϊղ
Ϊ棬ʲôԭ޴ˣ츮ĲʸûУ˵ʤ㣬ҲΪд˴ڣ츮һʤ㡣
һĨɫÿ֪ȴԣ߻䲻ʱ¶񣬵봫λŲСĲ
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˾֮УΨҡһλս츮ӪУλ⣬һλδ֪ǿߣǳûѣҡҲȫˡ
֪ߵĵǣһսܲˡ
һ̾ս飬ҡĲܾܾһĵս֮ʱ޿ת
ʦʲôӦ֮տڵ
ȥ̫׸´Ժ𡣡룬
̫׸ºѵλǿߡյĵ
ްȻˣ۷壬ǱϾΪ壬붥ǿߵս飬ϰ´Ժ㵲סҲһʱ̡
⣬˴νҡľսѡ޷ԭ뾺ǡ֮ľ޼㹫ƽ͸λһҲҪʱע츮λĶ򡣡
򾺷ǵѡɻɽλڣ츮ǰ͵ϮҲԳųֵϻءһһŵ
ʦ͵ϮΣɽ
ûпܣλ಻׳ǣôؼʱ̣Ȼֹֻһ֣ɿԿǳ˿ɼһսҷǣƵ̫࣬ԷˣҪ빥ǣԼڡӦ
ʦûλǿûв֣ƽһսУҡˣô죿ջ
ֻ˵Ҫ֣츮ӮһսĿܣᳬ߳ɣʹݽȡʤҲʤļΪҡƽ
һ䣬ĬʣǶԸĽ
ǣʹ֣߳ǰʯ̵ǰͣ壬һ۾ǵĻظʱȥţִԼġ
ϣӣݺύ˭ռƣֻǣɱÿһиܵ޴ļѾء
ࡣ֣
𣬼סһսֻʤܰܡһ֣ڵ
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ͷӦ
ϣͣ㾦֮ӣս֣󣬾սʤվǾԵ
ǧǱһʧٸߣҲܲŲߣĴڣ޶ȵսڼ򵥻ֲƵĲ㡣
ߣƣߣ֡
࣬츮ľߣΪƣɱ֡


567 
ǣһս壬һսҲǴһսź
ҡǰԻֳУ
һս۽ΣҪ˲̨֡ϣҡ˫ۣ
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ҡʵ˰ĽѲǰԶԣ츮ֱ۷壬˳ʤѲɡ
Ҫһʤ˵Ҫһʤҡǰս㲻ܰܡ
ᾡҡƽ
츮Ǻ죬ݽ񡣡
ʱ֮⣬һ˵̸
ɡҡڵ
л
УһλŮ˲Ϣ֮С
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Ǻһ飬һںĹŽɳȻһֱ̨֮ϡ
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ҡǰ֮ûоܾƽȥлͽ𣬴˽ˡ
ᾳͳ㹻ĳ⣬һսϣҲܰԼƽԴǺ
ģѶκ˲ִսҡ
ҡȻӹɣ
˵Ǻ컰һת˫һԵĺˣЦĳЩ˵ͺˡ
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һ̨ϵҡƬ̺ĿԵĺŮ΢΢һЦﵱݣû飬ί˹
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һƺߣ͸򣬰Ⱦ죬һУܴ
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䣬վһ߳ǰˣ
𿴵ˣɫͬʱһ˹Ȼˡ
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ע޷ԭһսʱ޷ԭͬΪߣǰս֪ǰ·ȥ
ҡϢ䣬һĨӰ֣һģһݣκ𣬲߻õһ֣ɱС
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һ䣬Ǻ˫ֽӡһϢ֮䣬ͻֱ֣𾳽硣
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ЦһӰԻڣ׿ս֡


568 
޷ԭɳϽ棬ԽȣϷڵɳˣʾһ֮սǺεȼҡ
һһһսеǿߣʵţܴ֮ﵽ˵ز
ϣڣ岢罻սλߣ࣬֯ĺ
ս֮У϶Ⱦ죬ͬĶ壬ͬĽ⣬ؼ伫ţĹ۽ˣ
ߣΨһһһԽޣ˼Ѽɵ֮
֮ϣزֵ̤֮һ̣ƻã·˼䡣
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ڵĽ⣬ۻӣһ˲ֹݺĽֱ죬֮䣬硣
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ս⣬츮и츮ʥʼնǸȥһɽʣһ˵츮ǿ֮ˣֻǣʥУ̾ˣλһٳֵ𣬶츮ս衣
ǰ۹ɽңֱ֣һƽ۹ɽӴֱ̽ʮǰ򽣳ֲʶܴԲѣ̷ŵԴһ
˵Ĵһ翵壬̫ʵĴڣ츮̶ܵԽ
սУڽ⽻ݺᣬѳ⼫֮һƬһƬ׵ʽرϡ
ҡ˫һĨ⻪Ͻ⻪ʢ֤֮Уͬ䡣
ֻأ٣顣
齣飬̤յİҡһͷڷ˲ףݰ꽣һϦ飬֤
ǿĽͻնݺĽֱǰ
۷Ľʱ̣齣ۿҪս֮ʣɢĽ⣬ͻȻ۶أΪһ
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˼δĽ˿ֲĽѹɳɢΣ޷ԭʮɡ
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ʤľ棬ΨѪȾΧأǿһս
㹻ˣƻѳɣְɡ
ʱս֮⣬ӰһսУƽ
ղˡ
Ĺâ˵һ䣬һѪԪȻյĽ⣬ֱ졣

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޷ԭȸǺɱ֪ƻѾõɱ֣һӡ
ȷѣӳΪ˲ϢǺ졣
ȸɫۣһͨѪĽһնȡ
⼤羵ˣٴսһһʽͬһԴȴֲͬ
ͬһʱ䣬Ǻһ壬УĵѸӹƮ档
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ߣȸӰһתˮӰ֪
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಼֣ؼˣ֪֣µʽһһƽ󣬳Ϊ֪
СĬ޼䣬һкݹһУΪĸ󻼣Ǻйأʽʽ˱޿ɱܡ
תʮѹһѺ£һƺڷƮ䣬Σ֮ƣ˳ɿ
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һ˲ӺʢҲ˲ݣǰȸ˳ʮɣһ̤Ԫħڣ
ʽѪ;
һʽħо֣ɲǼӳѪӰһɱŨϢѪɫ׿ɥѪ;
Ȼһ棬ನǧɣȸǺͬʱȾ죬ȻͬʽȻͬƣ˲Ťתս֡
ʽѪ档
ħٶһǿһУɱ޾Ѫɫ棬Ӵֱա
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֮бȴǺ첻ܣӲнУ֣ٶȴǰ֮ˡ
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һƺߣɲǼѪ죬ȾԭǺӷɳʮɣһ˲Ѹȥ
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ףᶼף̫ɵ٣޷㡣
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δ˫۴䣬Ļվδ˵꣬磬ɢ
Ǻ졣
ӾʹԴϢ
࣬˼λһ̣ȴԵ˲԰ףá
һҹ裬СŮ޴ȥһС·ãȵػ赹ฮǰ
һҹСŮҹϣȵСŮһ
һСŮߣĭʮأ벻
ʮķ꣬СŮ飬ѾΪһϰߡ
δһֱԵСŮгһգ뿪ߡ
飬ֲ£һ̣㶨һ
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еĿЦؼ䲻ϻصվӰ飬ų˯Ůһһжȥ


569 ʮһ
޷ԭֹ֣֮ս֣Ȼ֮ս˵ͣͣ

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һ򽣣ʮ˯˼䲻֮񳯣ֳ御
޼Ľ⣬ء
׵ĽУһٽݺޱ޼ʣ֮УⶥĽ֮սУԽ
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һ̣˫Ȼನϯ޷ԭ˲٣׳Ϊʷ
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ϯƮҪ˵ͻȻԶؼ䣬һǿϢֲ֣ѹ˼䶼


573 
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츮𣬳
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ˣλǰʧܣӽ𣬶ʱȴ࣬츮֮࣬߻սְһҪߣ뾡첼áƽ

빧վһ˫ӣ¼ᶨ


574 
ս츮ƹѻ˼ص˹أϡ
˹һۣ츮սɣ˼ˣԪˡ
ڳʱع飬ȶס˻ֵ̿ľģһսƽһƫ츮
˶սı仯ع飬츮֮ڲٹǣ״εǰս֡
սֵƫƣ֮죬սֺ·кӦĬϣʮռ䣬߳ǣɾ
ǣµ˻δأУˣ֮ϣտǰߴصսϾɫ
𣬾ʦأΪβʦӰ𿪿ʵ
Ϊ츮ǰϮǣʦ̫׸ڳֲ󡣡ջش
𣿡ǵ
ʱֻѡžʦ
У̫׸ֲͨ˰裬ȻϯƮҲˡ
ȻʼձȸŵСβͣ
̫׸ƫɣɽʵķͳɽļңţҲŵط̹󷨻İ㲻ڻͨ˵֪
ֻǣ֪ͻ᲻£ԣˣɺͷŵĴߡ
֪󷨺̫׸ĵԭͬѲڣҪ뷢Ӽӳɵ¡ɫص
λܲɣ齻Ҵɡɫ
̫׸ͷӦ£ֲ
ɵ̫ںϵĿܼûУԣֻ˷ʱ䡣ǰ
ںϣܷɣǱڴˣãҲûа취ˣ͵ҽ׼ܱû׼áӦ
Ѿȥ𣿡
һη뿪Ů˳꣬ͻƴԲǰ˿ɽε
ǲɡ
̾λŮʵΪ׵ʦ𶼲ӣ˵һ
Ʈ㣬ôҲˣ
ԶˣϯƮĶԻ
㰡ˣΪʲôĶҪק㣿ϯƮʵ
Ҳ֪
ҡҡͷԴһҴɽׯˣҲûϾʹ£ʵͦõġ
ǣ
ϯƮһЦ濴ܴ˵ʵѪȵ֪һϧ֮ˡ
ôʶģϯƮٴʵ
룬ǰħҴɽׯߣͰ׽ȵңǾôʶˡ
ϯƮԣ΢΢ǰħƾݣͬһʱֵģһħħ֮ʱպǶ϶֪ǳħȷҲ֪С
Σʵ̫ӣټ˭˵˵һħǲܻͷģٴδħֺ֪ħ
ʵ࣬λ֪֪СʦҲ֪Щʲô
Ӱ絽䣬һգ˷Ų󷨣ǿλ𼶱ǿߣһ̣ɫҲò԰쳣òʱȥϢ
һȥ˯ˡһ죬Сǰ˵
ع񣬼СѾͷǸЦЦԲ𣬵æеЩ£ʱ㡣
Ҫ˵㻰ǿ
˵㻰ͷ
Ȼȥˡ
뿪ԣаСѾͷ˻ȥ
ʱٴλعͷʵ˯ˣ
š
˵ͷ̾СѾͷˣҪȥ
ĬַԴħȱٵϢǷԴܹ䣬ʵǵѡ
ҪˣҲû˵ʲôѾͷʵϻǺܶµģӦ츮֮°ɣлᣬ취úò

ͷֻתӰߵ˫䣬ǧʮأһΪ
㣬Ƿ񻹼ǵõǰͷֶԿڤʱʩչ󷨣תʵ
ʶ̫ܼסĲࡣӦ
һսδܼѸʱǰ󷨣ҵΣϧǣʶ󷨣ǹԵ󷨣ԣֻƶϣ̫ܲܽ׸ɽ󷨣Խס󷨣תΪԴȻʶǰ󣬱ҹԵƫ뾡ҡ
ףһЩ£Ӧ
ףٶԣָԪ˷ȪһһУҲ֮գɫɫâڣңӦ
һԣȫעת˿
ʱԶϹۣһλŮ֣еĺˣڵʦɡ
üͷ壬У֮һ£˾ͻңҪҲֲ㡣
Ǳƶɮɡ
䣬Իڵ
Ŷ
΢΢𣬵Ͳģҽ֮һ֮𡣡
֪խ֮ˣ㲻ܴӦݿ츮ԡƽ
֪ǾӣȴҲмʲôСˣҪɱ㣬һʱɣԸķܱ㡣


575 ᣬ֪
ǣҹɫˣ֪ࡢɫ⻪ڣյŶ
ᣬת£ֻ֮
۴֪һӣָ˫󣬲󻥳塣
һ̣ת̫ǣΪ磬˫֣ɫɫӳվ¡
󣬲ϣҫֻ˫ش
ԡ
ʱڣ
Ŀƹڵ
ԷŸΪΪ󣬷Ӧòֻǵ󷨣Ȼ棬ȴ˷Ķ󷨣ͬ棬ʵϻ絥ķߵ󡣡ݼ䣬ѵ
Ƕ
һֻ̧ڣתںϣһɲǣҵ𣬵ײڡ
Уܵ˫ײѪһӿ
״ٿ˫üͷ΢΢ǰĲ²ⲻǿں˫󲻿Уǣںϣͬʱ
˼⣬һеƽյΪֹ
ӷ֪֪ͨͨƶɮɡ
һתȥ
ʦǰս¡ǰڵ
Ҫңսȶš
ֱӴǰߵĻһֱ߿
ϣʱ΢㣬ػһ츮һ࣬ҲֻȶԸһǰս£򲻵ѣǱԼ취ɡ
š˵ͷӦ
Լһ裬һ£ǿԼ˼
ʵ벻֪ͨ鷿һǼ켸ҹ߲ݵ飬ġ
ղ¶ˡУǰ̫Ѩ
Ǹһʱûס
ް˭з֮ʱӦò̫ɣպСһЩɡ
š
ͷӦ
ջϣй⻪ţ֪Ĳ֪
ʶ֪侲ƽദڱǰչԼеĸ
ħֺ֪ȷʵЩͬˡ
ս츮ǰеĽŲԽԽ죬Ȩ󣬲λ󷽵츮֮࣬Ϊսİս֮˴һٰܡ
츮ǰ뿴ǰһ޼ʵݽоâˣٸһЩʱ䣬һΪ츮һƬ֮ء
ࡣһλ
Σλ֪Ȼ𣿡뿪ڵ
ʼδ뿪벽Ӧ
ԣ˫֪㾿ʲô㵱ΪƾЩˣܵ츮ĽŲ
ͬʱǣչգΪ˾ˣɽأһս;δ츮ٴƣòʱչء
һλ̤֮ǿ߱չأ˽ڱӦʱ䣬Ȼܶݣȴ
ڣһգûս£ÿΨһ飬ǳԲ˫ֻǣÿһζʧܸա
Ҳʷֻһ
㹻ã֮Ĳ࣬Թ
ˣκ˶֪ͨҲһ
ҹһգУһԣԶ̫׸裬Ⱥʼղȥֻǰ
Ȼû¹һֻԼϳԣȻһһʧܡ
ԣĵţϸСȥһ˫۾ֿǸ˱ȥ˯Լɵûдκˡ
˼޹˫Ŀ⿴ߵ룬ӣǰеĵСѾͷ¶н
ʲô۾һֱӺ⣬ʺý
Ҫʲôɫº͵
ʹһ£װ۵ָҪԸ
˵꣬СѾͷĵЦԸͿһԸȻʣµһԸҪԸȻһʣµһҪȥͻкܶܶԸ
õЦݣ̱µСѾͷʲôȴûеƣЦݵãҪȲ¶
˵ɡ
ùһ֦һΪڵϣȻ֦䣬һֽߣˣߵԶҹұߵԶ죬ߵĺҹͰ첻ܸı䣬ûʲô취ҹˣо죬ˣоҹ
СԴƬָ̣֦ԸһȦȦߵˣһ֧ұߵˣһܺںܺڵӡ
ԣһ͵վһĨ⻪̫ɵˣǿԼԼ飬ԼԼ鷳
Ҵ𣿡죬̧ͷʵ
ˣˡ
ع̧СѾͷͷЦ
ˣʵ

ͷǰ̫࣬ңȻ֮޷棬ǾͲҪֱⷽߴУٴһ෴ɡ
ô
ð̫׸Խ෴ۣԷŸע̫׸Եע˵ԸıԣĿܣǱԵͬش
üͷ𣬵У򵥣Сġ
ףҹ󡣡
һ䣬Ŀ⿴Զˣƽλ˵İ취Ӧöˣɡ
˵ͷ
ڿʼǧҪܡعͷɫ
áɵӦ
ָԪ߶һ˲֮䣬ࡢɫ⻪ٶڶ
̫׸ˡ󷨿̣֮ڵ
ߵУ̫׸ͬ˹壬ԽȻͬУ̼䣬˫󣬹⻪ʢҹյһ
˫֮䣬Ȫֿ෴
ڻȪУܵ߳һĨɫȻ¶ˡ
ߴ֮Уһ˿֣һߣУ֮ɢת˲ֱͬ
̧֣һǣת̫֣˫ζģɢݵĵ֮һ̾ƽ⣬ַ
Ͽգࡢ̫ͼԻдֻתյ֮
Զǰտ⾪˵һĻΡ
ǽ˵λ𼶱ǿߵʹ󣬵ǣɸı䲻һʵ
ᣬ֪


576 ֮
ǣɣΧ֪ζࡢ⻪ҹƣ춯ء
ϣһλλ˼򾺷ǣ¶𺳡
ǰߴӪ߳˧ʣűʣ
ǣڱչ˵ĳܵԶǿѹ˫ۻȻ
ת˲ҡƹأʣ򱱷
ǣߣϿתɫһƬء
츮ܿҪˡѵ
š
ͷôĶùλ츮𣬳󷨵Ļᣬһս޿ɱܡ
Сġ
ûж˵ʲôһ䣬ǣһԵ뿪
ʦ
Ϲճ֣
սɡ
ƽ
ӦϹɢʱȥ
ɣ츮ŵڳӣȴλƳص֮˾Ϊٵһս׼
λȵһ󷨱ƣ¾ʦִստǰɫ
ǡ

ͻߵǰԶɫڣʵʺս仹Ҫħʵ
ݴϣһ°ٻӰ۶𾪣ģٱС
ˡ
ǣǴУϱߣɫ£һӣԻ׹ڣ⡣
ͬһʱ䣬֮ϣ٣âĿѹѹ£óĶһ
֪Ȼ㡣֮ˣɫ
һᡣӦ
󷨲ԣ㲻á
䣬⻪󣬺һƣ
Σ̤벽⻪ʢ˫תѸǰ
֮
ɫ֣һ̧֣վӴĺɫг֣ѹ󷨡
ģǣ֮ȻٵĺɫС
һ̣ž춯صײХĵ
˫У衢̫׸ܵನͬ˰벽ǶʱȾ졣
״Ԫˣ˷ƣǿ֡
֮˫棬ǰ
֮սһһ죬ǿ˫˫֣֮Ӳս̤֮ನÿһ䣬𾪾塣
֪ó޵Ϊܳųֶأˣ
ǳŲ˶ãĹάֶأ˿̣֪ǰһλȫʢ״̬츮ҲѾսˡ΢Ц
֮ã֪ɡ
˫һһΪڣϣѸٻۣ죬ڱξ캮¡
ۼϢԽԽǿɫһŲ̤ת֮ӳ
һ˲䣬ãȻ֮䣬
Ŷ𣿡
ƵȻǰߡ
ȵУһ̤ٴǰ
Ŀһۣǧ֮սһһ
Ľصס𡣡
һƵһ⣬Ԫٴĳ
ȻһȵУȻ죬ת˲Ѫ⻯ƿն
ĽޱƽΨһ֮ӳ֣Ʊ
̧֣վû⣬һתɽ
˫ٽ棬ɳŭĵ˫ѳз֮ŻһѪ
ϣ˫Ӱ죬ࡢ̫ͼ粻ȣһζ
λǰǧס
УǵѪһۣ
̫׸ףһȣǿѹƣٴס
΢΢𣬿ڵ֪˳ܵķ֮Ҫöడ
ǣ
һЦˣݾҲ⡣
ʵʵ˵ѡƽ
֪ΪԶλǰ´󲿷һжסһҵȱĳΪ⣬׸ˡЦ
Ц𣿱˵֪·һһǿݣΪĿģϧκˣˣҲ㽫ҪӰɡ
ˮʵʧݣѵ֪´ʿ䣬Ϳ࣬ʵԣվǰˣ֪
֪֮࣬
֪֮Ӧ
ǣλúüסǾʦģ˻Ȫ£ˡ
һ䣬ƿ˷ŭϻۣ֮أԽ˽޵ֳ御
λǰˣ´УǾҪһµˡ
䣬̤ϰȹ⻪ʢһݺ޾ƱµĺҹУҫۣǧɼ
ʽ
ֽǴתⲢ֮Ƽ
У̫׸ͬ˵Ԫ
һ̣ϣࡢɫ̫ͼ⻪ʢƺҹ֮ƣ
ѩ˳䡣
У˼֮޾ɢ֮У
֮¡¡𶯣£غȻ䣬ɡ
⣬աɽ¶ɫȫעս֣׼ʱ֡
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սУ˫ײӰʮѪشѳ֡
ﬣ
أֹסƣ̫׸һȣԪѹơ
һߣŻһѪֲȣ𾳣վ
ƽⱻƣϣ̫ͼҡֱ֮ס
ģѪʣ̾ˣƺӮˣͶü𣿡
ܰġ
ѹڷӿѪӰӹƱ
һ̤ˮǰܿ
ߣӵ𣿡
һתٶȱ
ٶȣ֪ǲκˡ
תΪķԪһ˲ٴαܿ
Ȼ죬һŹӦҷ
£˴߷Ԫ𽣷ٶȸǿ
ʽѪ档
ۼ̫ͼڼԥ̤գּ֮֮
Σ֮⻮֣֮춯ء
ٺۻӭϡ
һͻƽ赲Х
ʧ⣬ѻ֮Уİ׵壬ΣڵϦˡ
״ӰӳһץǰߣƳ֮⡣
Ȼһ˲ʮ
Σľƣܣյ˲ڵ飬̳ս
ӷ𡣡
ʱţϼۣһƾ߳΢˷ѹ£ʱסɢĴ

˫ҫ۵ľ⣬ˣˡ


577 
գ׳ָɫ⻪䣬סɢĴ
ʣϾʥҹص֮پǡ
ʦ𡣡
סΣƣ֮ɫ
Ʋᣬ޷ս˰ɡ
˵һ䣬һһǰߣͳ
񡣡һԣ¶Цݣȭ
ʦֶԵаɡɫƽ͵
ͷƽӦ¡
У룬֮ƽ⣬ϣࡢ̫ͼ֣תԼ䣬ʤǰ֡
ǰһսʽʼһӣɢȥѪ
ܰһΣܵڶΣ֪գҪȡ
䣬̧𣬺ޱߵѹɢռ䷨˼䡣
ռ𡣡
һָƿգɡǧɿռ価ݣӣ;һС
вʢڣԿռ䷨
𣬳ѷ棬вڣ
ײ֯ҫĹ⻪ʱҹתһ
ʽϿա
һ̣аһתԪڼ䣬֣֮ХΪɿᰣƿն
Ƶ⣬û˿
ʽѪ;
ʽ䣬ħ֣һ˲֮䣬ӳټеһֱǰ
ﬣԪշԴ
ȣ
һȣ¼֮ϣѪɫʢһһ磬Ƚǰߡ

Σ°׹⻪ƥѹȶȻǰ֮ˡ
̤̤أˣұ֮ϣѪ䣬ٶȾȡ
ʦΪβ
УƶսӰһζĴ󣬳ʵ
ˡڻص
ԣһӣʥҫУһڽɫӳǰ
һߣ̫׸ͳе֪
˫˫һգеɲǣƼޣ塣
ɫɫֹ⻪ҫ֮ϣͼӦ֮䣬û뽣С
Ͽա
ʽ֣˫裬ϿһХڣͬʽȻͬƿն
һԪתƵ浲С
˫㣬츮˳벽ս״κˡ
ʽѪ;
Ѫţ˲һӳһ׷

һͣһƣͣһ磬ѪȾǰ°ȹ
ѩ
һܴǿӲУѩˣȻһӡǰؿڣۻƣ
Σһ˲תǿǰס
һѪɽ·ɳʮɣŻ졣
У̫׸ܷͬɣ˫˫ܴ

ϼˣ̫׸Ż졣
סӰ׿һ۷е̫׸ɫ¡
̫ǰŵס𣿡Ѫʵ
ùᣬỹܼ֡
̫׸һѹӿơ
Ǳá
عͷǰ츮ƽɡ
ս⣬սʱյɫԽԽأ츮ǿ𺳣̤֮ȷѳԽ˼Ľޡ
ʦʵѲһλ𣬼λ߼ӳֵǴ󣬾ȻռϷ硣
ֻǣʱ˿̣ҲΨоʦ츮ս
ȫս֮ʱսУ˫սƣ彻
֮츮ɱʤǰ֮䣬Խˡ
˫ӦУ˫ѪȾ˫ȴ˿ˣͬԽ
ֵƣԳܣУ˫´󲿷ನƲۻԽԽأԶԣԵе֪󷨻֣Ϊܴ֮ˡ
һٶȷֿסΣҪϣͻȻ䣬ش̫׸ܵನһģѳų֣һѪֱֱȥ
ʧ⣬ҡɫһ䣬ԥ̤գ˫ͼ֮һ

һ˲䣬죬ѪˮȾ򽣣ͬһԴȻ岻ͬǿħʩչķ룬ǿУԳС
ѪУ˫Ľ⣬ݺύǿĽ䡣
·ۼ֮ǰȻͬɫһƬأ˻ѩ֮ռ֮䣬˫вӭжϡ
һ죬磬ನ˫Խ졣

һƺߣȹȾ죬Ųģ壬ǣײڤʱƣ̼䣬
һߣƣ˫죬ǿѹƣһ̤ʥҫأַС
ħ㡣
֮У𺳶ɱħ
һ䣬ԪִٵУһ춯صľ죬˸Ⱦ졣
ս⣬ƣյ˼ǰʮλս֣Χڡ
ˣΣ˵Ĳһŵùңڵľ棬ȥ˭ռ˱ˣʯ٣һ㿴ѡˡǰ
ⲻһ֪һ󣬽дˣڤ֮·裬⡣
֪һӮˣϣһӶ˾ǣҪˡ
䣬ҡӽȥת˲ʧ
ۣ
뿪ӰһѪȾǰء
һǰסǰߣʦ
ްȥ̫ǰˡٶŻһѪ֮
һᰲţʦܴᣬ;ʦȥɡ
ɡ
ʱǰһ񣬿ڵʦƳأȴȥˡ
ȥɡͷӦ
ûͣӰһȥ
ӺУ˫۽յڴϣһԣսѵ۵ؿǰߣСϾǲ
Ҫװˣ㶼˵˵ĸûôءקǰֱۣһʹһ˵

εˣ˵ĲأҲ˲ǣͲϢһᡣ
Ҫװ˰ϴǰ£Сȥ
ΪЩƽһЩ룬ĸˣˣ̫׸ҲλҲ˲ᣬʱٸûһ㣬ǲЩʣ
СԴ룬ƺ
ǣ˶ôңΪʲôû£֮ɫ
á
ӣǵ
üթ
ɵϣٲ³һЩ¶ӵ
˻ô˵
һСѾͷԴ룬ҲģҲϵģжƤ֮£ҲӦô࣬ôҪǶһƣְɡ
֡ϵʹͷ


578 
ǣԴδڼ䲻˼̽ΪҲæΣѯ
˾ʦ˵Ϣܿ㴫Ǻ츮ӪУȻ뻹ǳϢ󶼱˳Ĭ֪Ļ̹Ƶ٣˭޷Ƿһյ֮֡
˹صĲʹѵĿ츮Ҳܲ˵ڶΡ
࣬Ϊ֪Ȼα˾ǣȻҲ˲ƵĴۣ֮£ܿģǸᣬܴǰӣɫ
벻֮ƽλ֪ԽˣǰʱԽװ£ôԵֻ֪ҪţͲܻ᷸
ٴλ̽ݼССѾͷԽѧԽˡ
ԼɣȻȥˡ
ô졣
Ŀƹһ۸үһڴϵû£˵ĿɲᣬҪȥչһ¡
Ŷ
ĳСӣ̫ˡ
һЦˣһȥˣСĵ㣬Ҫ¶š
áͷ
пնңȻǻỳɵġϣʱҲһ䣬
֪ˡ
ûӦһ䣬ȥ
İܵǰ
ҸġӦ
͵͵ȥɡ
ȥҪϢ
һתСѾͷӦԵ
ҳȥ档ʹǰ˻
ΪʲôҪ
㻹ǷԸھҪáֱ׳
Ƥһ˻һ硣
㣬͵͵ܳȥû֪ġߴٵ
ɵЩ˿ɲɵһȥǱ߿϶֪Ӧ
ô졣й
ȥ

ʹ˵ͷӦ
룬СѾͷ˵˼仰ЦȥɣҪ˸к
á
չһЦת˳ȥ
СѾͷߺ𣬿Ŵ⣬Ĺ⻪
˵ϢѾͨɣλҲ⣬˹صĽѵһζȻء
Ƶȷأ̫׸ȴ˵Ĳᣬʱ츮ٴϮǾΣˡ
̫׸λã˿ȡ٣ûҵˡ
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Գɽغ׸бѹɫһ˫ƣȻ⡣
䣬һ˫˸˳

ͻȻһս֣ףӳĿһ˲͸


579 Уıζ
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ŵţģŲѪؿڣŤͷԶӰʲôʱ
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580 ֵ
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Цڣв֪ж츮۾һҳ˳ǣλ츮ܿͳ֣ôõնȴûǿϧ
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ԣҪֵİæ
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581 ̫
Ƚ˵⣬콣ĬãջӦǰߵ
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ЦһߵһԵ̫ʼǰֽȥ


582 ͯ޼
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콣֣ƣһްһʶɢع˶ãǧ
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Уҹɫǰףɫ
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֣ҡսش飬Ϊˡ
ʧȥҡ۷սشͬ츮һԳ޴Ĵ
츮ս츮ǧǧߵλ֮¡
Զϳ˯裬ɫΪ츮δͬڣʧʮλ˼𣬺ǧƵǿߡ
֮սΪ˸츮֮ⳡս츮ҪӮ
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ݱǰǧ⣬һǰУͻȻѹȻһͣޱѹ£Żգܲ
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һ䣬̤ɾǿߣȷʵҪ˼̫ˣδ˾˵Ϣ
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һ̣ɢУһĨɵŮ£裬Ȼѡ
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ѩڣת˲ٶᣬƥһѩƾ졣
Ͽա
ӳ֣̫ʼɶϿա
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һ֣һѪ䣬ɫһ䣬ԪȻһǰ֮ˡ
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һ춯صײɽǴǧҡɽʯ裬ĩ֮٣ġ
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ѩˣɽʧ⣬˽ɲǣͬش
Ѫɽˣ˫ʱȣǧ䲻ƣأǿжҡĴ

սǣһ̤գ̫ʼնһݺύ˫ĽЯ׹֮ƣն츮
Խ֮УХڣƵУ»ʮ
ʮ󣬽ɢѹڷӿѪѩ֮ǿӲС
תѩһ˲֮䣬ɽˮѣѸɢ
ನɣǧɳɣŻ죬棬ȾһĨ죬Խȡ
ʽ
һ̣֪Ӱ̤գͬһԴ֮״βУ̼䣬ϷƱ䣬һ˷ۣ֮ϽɶԴ֮Уն
򽣳ڡ
У̫ͼ޾Ľ䣬֤߽֮˼䡣
ӽ֮޼ޣ֪ʼ֪գƻɳﾡ
ɫǰδеأ̧𣬻Ԫȶһ⡣

ϽڶͻȻһ֣͸Ⱦ졣
򽣣һһƿ֣˲ش츮
λӰ
֣֮Уǧǿƣһޣɢĩ֮Уʱһˮؼƻãѱ档
Ƭ̺ˮݱ飬ξӦݣӰ֮Уɢξһͬʧ
ӿѪ֮ϣŲһģѪֹ
˾ɴ츮Խ֧һ̣ԶѾõǺ۹⻪ʢһƿգ˲Ϣ֮䣬ս֡
Σٽǿɫ⣬ͻȻ仯ּһɫƳ˲ûǰؿڡ
ŵǰѪˮʳİٶȾʪ
ۼǰܾ߰Ѷɫǲ⣬츮ƣԤлҪء

սУǿסӰһѪŻҵһѪ
̶һʱ䣬Ϊһ֮ĳе̫̫࣬ڤ磬ɽأʮǴ󣬲ǰʬѲ⽻֣սƲۻѽӽԵֻǣΪ츮δһһѹ;ƿݵ壬Ӳǳų
ȻһΣվǳŲȥˡ
֪ˣǣ츮䣬ԣ᲻㡣
䣬һ̤̼䣬Ӧ䣬ѩŭ˵⣬ǧѩƮ֮ͬھ֮УҪ츮
һ˲ķƾ䣬뱯Ｋٱ⣬ռ䶳ᣬɫһϷڣ֮ǿڱѩгſһ;˺ȵߡ
Уһߣʧ⣬Ҫһߡǧ䲻ˣ
ˣ֮ߣڣֻҡ
ŭһ̫ʼתϣ̫ͼȻɢǿĳ˲佫ȫɳȥ
ߡ
ǧ֮⣬أקǧ䣬Ѹٳ˳ȥ
˷뿪ΧأһƬһƬ⣬;ɢذ磬һ˿
⣬ǧǿѽ֣Ҫٶȳս֡
㲻ҪˣӰһǰŭ
ÿ
ŭĵǧ䣬Ҳ˲ʲôǺ꣬ѩնһǰߡ
ɫ΢䣬ٴǰϽ·
ڽȥŭ

ǧѩٲ飬һնǿп·
֪ǰߴ˿ȥȰٶ˵ӽУ㾡ȫֹȥ
ս󣬰ѾѩȥһƬذףһλ̤ɾǿߵ֮Уƿֲ˲޾ıѩ֮Уءֻޡ
㣬ʲôˣ
ᣬһˣ̫졣
֮Уһͷ׷֪ڣڱѩУӲǿһƬ
ΪҪᡣ
ΪҪ㡣
ٶȱ仯׷תڣѹ̫ʶƽ


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ѩΨһ֪Ԫħӿ˫һ˿С
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һĨƣٹã츮Ǳ֪³Σⳡսͣʧȥ츮࣬ʵɲĲˣᾳܣҲܰܡ
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ǰоԾ츮ҪĴ̫ˣòʧ
ⲢһϢԤʾţⳡս츮Բ䣬Ϊ棬սס
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ⳡս󣬺пݷֽȻ˫ʱͣսȡĽҲĽ֣һ츮ٴսֹЪ
Ҫ츮һƬ֮أΪˣԸһõĺƽ
ĺ̸Уʧ߱츮̣Դ츮츮ɣǲɢ츮ζǲɢ츮һ̣Ϊ츮ɷһ֮ݣ츮Ըһ࣬Դٳκ̸ı֤
⣬̸֮츮ҲҪһ壬ȻҲһС鷳
³ǸݺͷһѽڽƽղûʲôӰ죬Ӱ̵ֻҰġ
칬ǿڤ˴ûȡݱԴĽѵĿҲٿƵ鷢츮ڵĹУ˳ûŭԹ֮٣ҪϸһǷһλ̤ɾǿߵŭ𡣡
ĻĬãһ̾ȴ츮ʵ𾴣һ֮гһգҲٻвڵЩжԸΪˡ


586 
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˾ƣûдˡ
֮ĸ飬Ů˺ܶʱ򲻶ҲҪ
ǰ˫СԴˣķ
֪λѡ̳ɫ
ۡ
̳ھԣ˴ڹһھƣɬƷζ
֪һڻĳǵ㣬£ҪǵԼս¾̳ȥ
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ԣʲôУǰ磬㲻ҲûйЦ
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һ£һֱףһսΪλھʱҪأŤͷ
ʮǰһսʤһЩϣԤУǵʤ㣬Ҳɡ
ǰʬѲξǣᾳʹսײȲüֻܳϧδܳɹʵ˵
ɫһ𣬵ʬѲΣȥˡ
ߣӦǶݡӦ
ԣбҫ۵Ĺâʱ䣬ǸʱҲڶǴ
֪ỹҪţһˣڡ
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һϦ˵ķһͬȥ
עǰ߽ԶȥӰһ̾ڣˡ
һ̣עӵ˫ͻȻݺһɫ䡣

Զ޷ĳӰ֣һɫһɫһƣͬʱӳǰߺġ
յѪȾʣȾƽΣѻ׵ĳĿ͸ˣԶ֪һ̣Ǵźͻںޡ


587 ֣ʮһ
һƣ죬ƽϣʱ̤ڣڵоǺޡ
ϹƵӣҫĿķߣ츮иʱ͵Ϯһƣ
츮Դˡ
У칬ٴԪǰڣǿ̤
Զ˵󶯾ף˫ݺһȣȻ̫
Σһ̣ǰһţ̫ʼգȻ
Ȼһ칬Ƶ½⣬ɫ£֪־ĵˣҪѽ𣿡
ӷͽΨһƴԪҫ
ǣ˷ŭʽ졣
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䣬һƬƬرݣĿ٣Ǵꡣ
˵ҫ򽣲ܽޱƽ̤֮λչ𾪵ʵ
Ľս춯أԶ̸еӪ⣬һλλ֮߳һĻĬ˭ûǰ
츮Ľ֪ⳡսбֳĻʵ˼ɵ
λ˵һҪ˭أ
ǰ£
ԣ㿴ңҿ㣬˭û˵һ仰
ԶսУ֪һ˶λ֮׶ȸˣѪȾ̫ʼϡ
ԪģħԽѹƣ֪˫ɫϢƣħ֮ף֡
ħսݱ޷ΡʮŮŮڣ
ĿɨһԶԹ۵еɱӿȣӰӳ˴츮Ѹȥ
ǣ߲ˡ
˫ֿϣҫ۽ɢǿзӡԲʮռ䡣
֪츮ȫʬ칬ǰһ
ƾǣЦ֮
·Ѷһ̤գ֮У˼䡣
ݺĽ⣬ؼۣδƬƬѡ
޾֮գ˲Ҵ⣬Ԫ׼С
Ȼ۵Ľͻ䣬ֱƱӡĿռ䡣
Ȼһ飬ӰѸӳ
ߣ롣
칬ɫһ̸ϣٶȣ˿ڷԪ޼֪
˫ԽԽٶΧ֮ʣԶͻȻ

칬һϷ¶𺳡
һ̣ԶУһʣư磬֮ϣ볯ݣԽ˼޵ĽϽֳ御
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ԶĽ⣬ͬڣ𣬾Ȼδ
ֵĽʮһ˫ֱ죬Ƭ̺󣬽һתӹգ֮սС
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¡¡಻¡

ƺߣѪɽ͸壬𶥶˵ˣ˲ش
֪뽫͵ǣл࣬ʾϺ󡣡Զһƽ
ͷǰǿѹеɱɫ֪ٶȱȶ죬ˡ

ףĿһӪǰһλλתȥ
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ͷ֪ᾳжҪᾳᾡ㣬Ľڣⳡսͣ£Ҫܱ췣
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ȣ滷ɽصؽ磬ɽ䣬һ޴صɽС
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Уһ𣬿ʣ¶Ȼ
ħ
һ̣ħ֮УһĨºڷӰ٣˫ɱгâ졣


588 ɱ
Уħ˴һħӿȣһ㣬ֲĲ
ħʽ졣
ħ˶󣬺ɫԻֱʣûƣһ˲䣬䣬ûȡ
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ħ飬飬ѪǷ׷ɣ졣
ĽΧѸܣɫķĳ֣赲ĽȻⲻ裬˲Ϣ֮󣬽⴩͸ƣȻ׹

Уһŭ֮ŭ𴫳һ̣죬һɫĵӳȻһƣ
Ȼһƽ棬ನɢɽƵضɳ졣
㣡
ǰϤİӰһ𣬴֪ħ
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ˣǲй¶ܵģ֪ȥ𡣡
˵䣬гѪʢһն
񣡡
ŭȶٿգڣ쳹ɽȣ赲⡣
һ죬ɢʵɽ֮䡣
ħһ𵴣ֲ֮
ħʽѪ;
£ħᣬ˲ѪտȻһȾʮա
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һЦ˫ֲϣȲһȦһȦɫ⻪ʥУֳ御
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У֮Уӳ֮ϣħܵѹƣɢ֮
ħʽѪ档
ַָԪϷƱ䣬ħ֮УڣɢʱѪɫĻγĵķ֮ƣѹƷ֮С
ħҡħɣبݵһ̣ٴζԾѷ֡
֮졣
һߣз˳һѪҷӿ
ƻȴȼۣӰٶӰӹһնħϿա
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ܹĽԪ뷨ȣⱼڣӭϽС
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֮סΣѹơ
˻ˣ֪ܳųʱ𼥷
ϧĻÿһ䣬Ϊյԡ

һƻ̧޾ԪۣɲǼ䣬ɫ˷ۣ֮ϣƾ䣬һһ׹£ӳַС
нͻȻħһĨɫһ̣ᣬħӰתʧһ϶ٶȣ˲ǰǰ
ѪɽԪ֮Уʱơ

ƺһӼ˳Ȼһе֣ӰΣҲ޷
籼׳ٶȿ쵽£֮һԪģ֪󷽣ħӰ
𿴳ߣ𾪵ͬʱסҪȫս
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칬
಻ĽУܴٴθܵΣһŭȣԮ֮
һ̣֮ң⣬ƵУһӰȻۣһ̤ȡ
Ȼ񹬣ʣ˲Ϣգ裬УµŮ߳һˮƶ裬ȥǰ·
칬һ
࣬Ӵ˿ﶼȥƽ
ƾ㣬֪
칬һߣӰӹƵɣۻһƣȻĳ
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˽֮ʱ⣬ڣսȣħ˽ꡣ
һɢѪǵɱ֪ħչɱʵԪУ١
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ȴƣع鱾Ե֪ɱһ׵ս𾪸𺳣Ƽ٣һ̣Ȼ㣬ѺƣаܣˣԽΣ
ͬһʱ̣ħ˫Ԫ壬ӾģħӰɢ֮ףԽԡ
֮սأסҪƻȡʱ䣬ħзˣһ֣ĪУɱٵĽʱ侺档
ǿħ𣬶սϷƣϷԪһһ˵ĲΣ֮ȣٴ
֮Ѳתʱħټɱ壬ͻȻһģһ𵴣ֳɢ֮ס
״бҫ۵Ĺâݵļ϶ȫһƣӳǰĿڡ
Ȼһյƣ˳ɣһĨ졣
֪Ҫ㣬գȡ
һŭȣԪޱ߷ҫأǿһУӦ
ַȣûᡣ
з𣬷¶һ޴䣬ƥ䡣
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ϷĲ࣬ԽΪĽޣƽصһ䣬һգ̫ʼֳ˫޾У
ĺںΣûȣʣ̫ͼԻ⻪谵ա
ȣ
ͬʱʮλſһȣʩΪǿĻУ֪ӳ
ħʽ
һУ쳹أ޾ѹЯ֮ɢһƬƬɽطֱ䡣
֮ΰعħн㡣
¡¡ر޵ȣ˫У׻Ϊأݲ
ɢһ˶壬Ⱦ죬Ѫ佣
һߣͻȻʺһѪӿ糱˫ۡ
۶ϣɢ꣬޷ŵĽƣ
ᣬʡ
Ļصɽ֮䣬һ̣ͷ­߸߷Ȼ֮ϡ


589 ƽҪ
սֹֽǰչͷ­Ŀ⿴ɽһ̤ûС
Ƭ֮󣬾޴У¡¡𣬲ʱħӳһգӹݺɵһ
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ʯ֮Уħûжһ̤жȥ
ͬʱ֮⣬˫ǿ֮սؼʱ̣ΪĲ࣬¶ʽӼ䣬ྡྷѻѪ䣬Ȼ˲ˡ
ȻԼ֮սãӴ֪ŵ֣ġ
һߣ֮ռݾƣʱ䱻ӵԽãеĲ֮ԽŨңۼִŲˣ칬ַת˷ӿȫһƣȶ
УˮӦɢȾ죬ɳʮɡ
ɡ
칬һ̤ɱһƶشİԡ
һ̣죬ｵ٣Ի̫ʼȻǰ
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һǰ֮ˣĿ⿴Ůӣڵ׹Ʋᣬ뿪˰ɣ㽻ˡ
СġӦһ䣬һ̤Ѹ˳ս֡
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칬ɫһ˷ŭƵᰡ
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˼֮񣬴ֻڤ񣬲
̫쿪ڣ̫ʼն£̣콣䣬ʻһҫ۵ĳ磬һα

ѪȾʣ칬Ѫˮ
ˡ
Ʋ칬Ըսһ̤Ѹȥ

̫Ӱӳ˲ǰ̫ʼԪն
Ȼһ칬ɫԽԽѲļһ
۽⿴񹬣칬˼ѶһȣԪ˷ۣһ˲֮䣬𶯣·֮ӿ
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˵졣
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ͬʱ·ϣһһǿ·֪еĽٲѪˮ䣬Ⱦ鶫֮·
Ϊ֪̾뢲ϧһһ·Ϊħ֮ȡʱ䡣

ԴԴϵ׷ɱҲܵβ̫ԾСϾǵǵ
õģʦڣκ˶ֺ
¶һĨº֮ɫ
֮ԣ֪סԼ֮ٹ˱˰ɡ
һ̣ҹգһζһһǿ֮Ӱ֮߳
һʮͬ٣ʮλ棬ţǧټƵ׵ݣҪħ󻼡
ڶ˼ǿݣҲˣշ֪
״𣬵λộ濴֪
̫ƽ߳
óеһ˿ǣҲûʲôˡ
Ȼһ飬һɢȴɫ˿δӰ졣
׼ȫ׳֣֪µٻָ𣿡Ц
ûᣬĿ⿴λƽλݲ֪ǲΪ棬ǲ֪λΪҲǰ
ħֵɱ𣬳ħĩ·ˡ߳ɫĮ
أҲͬ𣿡ƽ
ħ岻ݴǡޱ𿪿Ӧ
Ǻǣ
ؼһӰһЦأЦԽԽ䣬ԽԽŭЦкⲻ𵴡
ԭʲôı䲻ǰģҪħұǳħ֮Դĳħ
һ䣬ŭ֪Ȼۣ֮䣬رɫ޾ħιһӦ飬ɫī裬ħг˼䡣


602 ů
ɽ⣬ֱɱ֪ħ֮ٿȥĶԹ츮ս½ڱ
ʮͬУ·ȥҪսħһۡ
ŰΧУ֪ɱֳԣ裬Ŀ⣬ûκУֱ˸еĺ⡣
ϤİӰһ˫ֽץסǰ䣬Сϲ˿ҡ
𣿡ħףڵ
¡ҡҡСԴش
ãңҴɱΧ
ָħյºͣȻмᶨȴǰֲɡ
šʹ˵ͷӦ
һӣַ棬ƾնɷ֮սӰӳɶռ䱯
΢׽ײನɢһ˲̻ԣ¥ϣԪ
棬ϣʽϣضɽҡ
֣ħһһһתƥ
ɱ٣ɫһƬһǣһֻӶħ޾ڡ
ħ壬Ԫӳ֣ٵĲڣɱսͣһ֣Ī
Ȼύ֮𣬰׷ʮλɱֹħ߲
ɱ֮⣬Ԫʹս侲ȴ֮
ս֪һڽ⣬һսĽһսӰԴΧɱɫ־ɫ
ɱ
ɱǧǵǿֱ߳ǰǹꪱء
Ѫ;
ħȪ·ɶƿգ֫ϱ۷ѪȾҰ
ӿתѪӣȾѪĽԹŨ棬޹Ŀ
ˣǿƣû˿Ъ
籩ĹУħ̤沽ӰãܿһһΣгؼԹ֮Խˡ

һ²ѵ𣬰ұۣѪƮɢٲĽ׶ܴ
ս⣬ۼΧɱռϷ磬Ԫ̤ǰϣɱ֡
˫ǿ֣ٸѹһꪣӰӶ˳
ԪһߣӰΣ顣
ὣУһٴλ
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֪һգʵȴܾˡ
ԪʻΪȭӴߣһ޴ƣΪ
Ƶ˰벽ӳһתɫ
˻ֱʣƬ̺Ȼײޱ
ನ֮Уһƺߣͬˣʤ
һлһУ֪ȡ
Ԫѹڵƣ̤ǰٴߣ御
ӭϣϣǰδеĿݣɱ
һǧħޡ
Ѫ档
ն˷ŭۣ󺣵ĺɫѪ漤ؿѣػӿħ֮
֮䣬Һ죬Ѫ꣬һӰûУת˲Ϊҽ
һ죬Χɱ֮ȱڣǣ̤ȱȥ
ߵ𣿡
һԾ·Ƴɽһꪣ
һ̣վԻһλŮֱ̧߳ץסꪣɫλߣʲô
֪ǳħʵѰǰһֳͬħ
˵أӺӦ
Ǳˡ
һתֱֱն£֮ʯ쾪
ƾ㣡
ɫһ䣬ֵꪣһĳȻǰߡ
Уأ
һ䣬սٶ䣬ϼۣһλȹŮ߳ɽʦ㣬ս֡
ϯƮˣɫ£
Ǽ׷ɱ֪㽻ˡϯƮ
л
ӦһŲһ̤ǰ׷ȥ
ʮ𶯣ӰӣҪ赲ȻϯƮ֮Ԫǰߡ
Ȼ˫ƽӣϯƮһƾŷŲӦǵǰ֮·
ϯƮ֪ԩ޳ΪηҪءŭ
СʦñԶ𾳣ңħԹŲ֪ѻΪħΪ䡣ϯƮ̬Į
ɫٶԣ̤ŻԻΪһ񽣣ն
ȻһٶȽ棬û֮
ͬʱشУǣһһӽϸ꣬б۷裬ѪƮɢ䣬ɱһѪȾ֮·
֪Ӳˡ
ƾꪹӺϮ׵УײУұѪʳ
ˡСһ
ް
һ䣬ħڣһꪣӰܹƾ̤Ӱٳ
Ͽա
ɿᰣѵأѪɢУȾ죬˳
˫ˣλߴٽûм϶Ĺٶȱ
浲𣬻֮ʣȾ죬һȣħι
Ȼ𻮳ɣۡ
ꪽ棬ѪĽȾ죬ȴ˿δͣħңֺ뽣ѹɽ

Ԫͬʱ˳ʮѪء
һߣನɣͬ죬ħ𵴣ֲ֮ס
֪·ߵͷˡ
̻ԣ¥ٶȱϣΣʱ̣Զ⼲ۣƿգһ
ϱ۵Ӱٲ緢̫׸ڶߴ˵ѣٳ¾鳾
֪ߡ̫׸֪ƽ
л
ûжԥѸٳɽȥ
̫׸㡣ǰĵ·֮ˣŭ
ضԣɡ
̫׸ɹڵ
Ȳգ˭Ȳ
һߣǰȻն¡
˫ǿ棬طڣһѺݺӣֱǧ֮⡣
һսԪͬʱ˻֮Ʊӿ̫׸
Ǽȥ׷
һսУһȣսꪻ磬ס̫׸Ԯ֮·
ͬ׷ϣıزã֪ӳ졣
ɽ£ԴԴϣɱ֮׽Ѫ£ɷġ
֮ս˿꣬Ψɱɱ;
ħսƣ֪һ𵴣ԽԽȡ
߰ɣǲ˺ҵġ
ǰֱϵµѪһ˫۾ˮǻ
˵ɵ
Ӧһ䣬һӽ棬ʱħηˣһӳ£Ƽۣ
ħʽ졣
һأףʮӦݣ޾Ľ⼱ɢ֮ɽ䣬Ѫɺӡ
֪Σ֮ʱԶ⣬һĨɫȹٻӰ֣վǽٳսַȥ
֪ˣɶ꣬ҹɱ֡


603 ʵ
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սУºڷӰ飬ϸ飬ΧĴһһӰ£ϣ
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ۿս˫Ӱһλλ˼𺳣ɱͬʱʤ֡
һ̣֮Ϊ̻˲ϧɱ֪һλ߼ӵоԵ˼仹к˿ƺ⡣
սȣʬǳɽ֪Ⱦ죬һ軮ͻȻһۻ͸ӳ֪ؿڡ
ȻѪɽ˰벽н治˷壬ֱӹᴩҼ硣

һƺߣ̧ץ棬Ҫסǰߡ
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һĨɫ漱һһϱۡ
һѪ죬ּƾ齣Уһ𣬻
䣬ȾϺ£ƻսֲָҡ
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ס̻ͷ
һߣ֮УħǣսУÿһѪ䣬ʬҰ
ͣµ֪֪սᣬһļ֣κӣ֮ǰΨлţֻлţţ
նѪƮ䣬ӳһĻĻʮ꣬ƯĹۣҲɿڣ֪һ֪Ψս֮նһ谭
󲻶ϵصӰѪˮ۳Сӣɽ´ؾȾɺֺ֮ɫ¹͸£һƬྰ

ͻȻһʹ滮赲ۣѪӿȾ
ͷһʢӹһֱӽ˼СŮİնء
ӿѪˮڶۣ־壬Թޣ֮Ŀ⣬͸ġ
ͬʱԶڱԭİռڣƶĥĺѩͻһǿҵĲ˵ļ䡣
ѩȾϺֺ죬ùǵŵߵɣһϦ˿ĺѩ
Ӱ죬֮䣬һ̣ջζһǿ쳣Ӱ߳ĥǰŮӣģˡ
ˣҳ󣬴꣬һ̹ĺѩ¶һĨеĿ֮ɫ
ҪѰ
˵һ䣬Ӱȥʧ

ĺѩȻѾûлӦ
֮£룬ĺѩʦ½ףƶĥ񣬰֮ڣ㲻ٳȥУӰ߳ƽ
ĺѩԸκδۣӰܴΪ顣ĺѩ
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ԸİնȥһξԵ
ͬһʱ䣬ݣһλŮģŮӹڵУһߵ
㻹ǷŲ𣿡Ůǰ֮һĨп
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׼ʱ㾡ս޷˳ˣгһգ֪̤𾳣̽᳹ٲ
սڣħϺ飬ܴһȻɱԽԽأһһʽǻȪ
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صʺ죬ħ𺳣ǿħԶԶԽǧǰĳ
֪ߣҧ촽˿Ȼʹ̣ȴǿԼҪǰߵġ
⽣Ӱºڷ֪Ѫˮʱ䣬̤תնۻƥ
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䣬λ˼̸ıս֣ٶȱ
ƽ棬սƣ֪˳ʺ£һһȾ
·Уħ棬һɽϳٴԹ֮ħμӳ֣춯صУ⣬

֮ݺύ˫շֱؾɴꡣ
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ˣ̻ԣ¥ٶϣۻǿѹ¡
һ𣬺Ⱦ죬һѪŻħٴξ𵴡
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֪·ˡ
ۼ֪Ϣֲ֮ףλͬʱԪлɽϷƼġ
ǿ֮УХڶһ֮սħ֮ս
Ϯǿɺǿ壬һѽһĨħԪڣɷһӭϣӲ֮С
֮ʱԶһٻӰȻһƣѪ࣬ɲȾ졣
ӵĿ⣬ᣬŽǣңɶ˻޷ˣֱײϳ档
һһ壬ѪӿȪȾ£Ⱦ֪˫̧ۣ֣ḧǰ˵ӣ԰һĨĲᡣ
ĳˡ
ʵʵţſһֱȥ
ϧûлˡ
ħɡ


604 ħ
ɽϣͻ䣬׽ᴩٻӰؿѪӿȾ콣档
סһɱٶҡģ̱
ǵãһҪȥ
뽣ٻӰֱֱɽµȥĿ⣬ϵӰеҲ
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׹ɽµٻӰʧǰȥץȴҲץס
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أ֪ƽȻͻȻı仯ȴڳɫһ
Ǻǡ
һ̣ɽϣĪĿЦ׵漴һޱȿֲħɢƣᴩء

ħԪ˻ģ֪˫Ѫˮ䣬һ˫ӣɲǾڰīɫ
֪ħٲ
䣬ħ뱯£ħһ˲֮䣬ȴ޾ħ裬˼ֺ
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ħ˼֮ʣУһλλǿܸͬӦɽ𾪡
á
ŵأŮĿ⿴ݣɫһ𣬵׷ʲô֪᳹׻ħ
ݣһλŮģĽŮӼٸݣظ֪֧ܵű뱯ʧģ׹޼䡣

һٶȸ֣תʧҹС
İռڣƶĥĺѩһݣһ̣ѵȴȥ
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һХĥ¡¡𶯣ٴҪɢ
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ݣɽϣڰһҹħһɱԽԽŨԹؼ伯ۣϻҹա
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һҺ𣬱µĽֱֱն£ûκ谭һնǰ߰ӡ
ӿѪɽɣħеĽȴ˿δͣӻǧɣ֮롣
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ħӿʽںϣ֮С
ͬ׹ħǧ̫Ͻ
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ħ١
գ٣̼䣬ħչᣬڻڣ£ϢУһīĽħڻһƬ̺԰ټƣǧǣƵĺɫض׹˼䡣
һ˲ļžٵݵĴֲɽ˲ϢɫУǧǵҺ죬޿ɱܣ޿ɵĩħ£ᡣ
ɽ̣֮СŮߣոƣֻ̻µĺɫ꣬ȴֻһ̱飬ֱֱ¡

ѪɽǶʱȾ죬˳
Զ̫׸е߶Ϊ˿һ;̶󣬷ɼشŻ졣
ɽɿɳŭ˷ӿħ価𾪵һĻ֣ɽƾʧѪǣʯӣѪˮʯͷʶ
յħһ£裬ۿ·֮Ѫˮ䣬˵һΣڶΣվѡ˼䡣


605 ħ
ɽɽؾ٣Ŀ֪֧֮꣬ųױһϦħ׹ޡ
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߲ʣ𣬺ͼҵչȴһҹȻֹΪӰ
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ɽ¥ݶϴ̣һֱƽɽϴǧĴ̣¡¡Уŵĺɫ¥ɢ
պ󣬿ʹӳգħˣʹ䣬ΪһƬ档

ʮռ䣬֮ϣвħ֮۵Ĵ̣һҴ档
ѪȾÿһأħ߻Ѫϴݡ
֪ˡ
ħڣʮŮŮ𣬸̾

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һоһħ߶ħգ䣬һƬƬ;٣û硣
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Ȼһɸ꣬һնǧХ졣
ѪӿȪ磬µĽ˳֣ŵŻ졣
Ȳ˵ħ뱯ɽϣصķѪǷħΣһħ٣ֹ

׽ת޾Թ֮Ѫɫڱ£Թɢǧֱ֮ס
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ŭХɽȴ飬Ȼһֱӹǰڡ

һƺߣѪĽδͣؿھʹǿӲС
̫ãգȥ𡣡
ħɫһƬ䣬ָħԪǰ֮ƣһӣֱӽ˦˳ȥ
ϣѪȾۣ֮˲ʢꡣ
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ɫҪǰͻȻӰһģŻ졣
һǰħҲƽͣĮһһ㽫ħʣԳ׺ľ
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ӷ𡣡
̣֮ɫƽ࣬ħɢմȱһ̣Ի
һ֤ᡣ
֤֮УȻǧӦޱ߷֮С
ħ΢΢˻ħԪС
ȻǧӦ߽⣬ɽʯ䣬ǧɡ

Ƶޱߵķ壬ħ˰벽Ѫһεʳս״ܴ
һߣѪˮӿУֱֱ£һۣԹ޺ޣһ޻ڡ
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֮ϣһĿ⿴ħֺ¶𺳣ħ
ħֺعڲ֪µķӡھʱʴ츮ǿײڤڴﵽļޡ
ҡĵعڣһѸٱ飬Ĺ⻪Ϊǵɢѳ֮ħ
ع·ħϺҡҡ׹ĵعӡڼˡ
Ϣֻ֮һ춯صعȻݣ޾ħʣ޴ĺɫڣɸߵħ֣ر
ħУħۣƬƬ޿ƥеħԶԶԽ˼ޣǿ˿־塣
ޡ
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606 
ħֺؾ䣬ع٣޳պħ˼䣬Ա
ɵ֮ħ̤˼һӦҡһĻ֮
һ֮Ӱʧжȥ
ħ٣٣ħɽݳǻ٣˼ǳɰһֱӱײɷ棬ʮƵ޹ڷ޺졣
ݵĴѣ񱯹ޣͬ
һǣǣǡ𺳵ħ޿赲ǧħгʧۣΨл𣬳׵Ļ
첻̣סĿ裬ȥҵһĻ
ɽϣ֪ħң˼䣬˫ģһƬĮûκγ֮⡣
󷽣̣ȻҪһѪŻ֮Գų֡
֪޹
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ɽϣ̫˵һ䣬εȥʧ
֮⣬İħУ˫̤ޱս𣬷ٻ˼ɽӡ
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Ӱӳսħϡ
һУħƷתڣ̫ʼȻ룬ħϢֱһನҰ

һ˲̫߶һȡؼԭ̫֮ʼȻնǰ֮ħ
ȻһЦħԪˣӲ֮һĳǰߡ
̫컬ɫ仯̫ʼնŭᰣХ
ŵħɶĵſףϢٶȶһ춯صľز䣬̫֮ƣɲ˿ҡ
սĵħսԽңΪˣÿһƶǵػɽ֮ܣÿһǿѺ֮
̫ʼʮλſ׻ӳ֣أħɢȻħ࣬Ӳ˿ˡ
֮硣
ۼħԺ̫̫ʼתƣһ㣬ƿն
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ƽӣ˫̫˰벽̫ʼնս֡
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̼䣬ɫûأޱ߳٣ʧɫ
ʥ٣޷ƺλɣԪ߶ħɵ

һƺߣ̫һģ弱粻ȡ
̫ʼأλϢѸټʶɢ룬һħվǵһħһɣԻ졣
ĺܺã̫ˡ
ǰħϣһУҪս⴫ĵħ֮ս
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һ̣岻𵴵̫бǿҵ־һȣ̫ʼҪħ޼䡣
ͬ׹̫Ͻ
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졣
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һս𶯾þòֹʮλſףǧΪվס˼һ
ɽϣ׵Ӱ֣ǿĻŷϵĺˣ¶һĨƽЦݡ
֪л˼䣬Եδٻᡣ
Ļ˵̫꣬ӰΪǹɢʧؼ䡣


607 ᣬ
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գ̫׸סӰǿѹƣҪǰȴֺӰǰ

֪ˣ˵һ䣬ǰޣ
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̫ˡ
֪Ϸħ֮ڣѹϯ˲Ϣ֮䣬ǧ֮ڣ⼱۶֮Ӧ֡

һüϽ̥λ˵䣬֪֮ܳϣݺĽ⣬˲ãǻһ㣬յǧ硣
һ̣һӳǿƥĽ⣬ݻ;һУ٣ɴꡣ
ɶĽɫҲһħԪޣħײ֮
ħжһ춯صľĩջ֮޾ɢʮǧ˲Ϣ޶ɢΪޡ
ƺߣ˫ħͬˣȾ죬һ֮ش
ۼ֣գ̫׸ͬʱ˫ħ
Ȼ˫һ̣ĿͻħףȻ±档
ͻȻıӶһӦһĳŻɳ
⣬е󲿷̫׸ǰѪӿ֮ʣȴǲһУһԪͨأ֤֮С
쳾һ档
Ϊͻ˼ƣֱﴫ˵е̤̫֮׸һԡѪ쳾棬ں쳾̥쳾
춯صһ޿״֮䣬Ψʣһƿ쳾¶档
м˲ĿǰŽиУ޶˶𣬻ͬħס

֮һߣؿħ׵֮
ǣһ΢ɲ۵ʮλ׺͵Ŷһ᲻ɴݵħף
ɫһ䣬ħԪȻǰ֮ˡ
ৣ
һ˲ѪɫնһϱۣѪӿգ֪ɹħħӿת˲޲֮
ԶȻһ̫׸֮ϣһǾ飬ѪˮȪ䣬Ⱦ´ء
ʶɢȥŶĿ⿴ǰĺӰһĨã
֪ᣬ𣿡
Ļ̫׸ȴҲشֱ䣬˼һۣк޻ڡ


608 նħ
ˮƾ̫ϽУ̫սѪȾ쳾
յ֪ɫ仯ȴǸʤ֣һۺħԨƺ
ϣȹȾѪεһƬ԰ף˫ħ֮ս糬Խ˼̫࣬ǿҲԳܡ
Ż̻ΪϣѪˮ䣬شԼͬΣڵϦˡ
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ԶʱǣȵӦ£ѵ𣡡
֪һ٣ǰδһСŮž֮ȥ


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Զʱڣ٣ɽգͨɽ·Ҳ֮ʧɣüޱȣҪɽ磬ΨԼҵµĵ·ԣʱڣ޵ıǵ
Ϲʱڣ֮ͻȻӾ磬ħǿ壬һҹʧ߸ϵĴɽҲ֪ԭ׹䣬ţãȻʧ룬֪ʲôˣɽ粻棬Ҳ޷ɣʱڣΪѰ࣬ԣֳΪ档
ڽ֮ʱȥ̫ãɽѲɲ飬ĿģҲɡ޵˳˼ѧ֮òôɷ֣ʧȥҲг٣ԣڤִµľ磬ǿշΪںͽ⡣
λ֪֮·һΪļī·ˣʵ
̨·һλλ̵ǿǻһۣһλӿڻش졢졢̤֮
ī΢΢˵ͷȷǴӺʼϴȻ̤ɵپߡ
λһ̾뢣٣֣֤Բɾ˼λ
ˣīһתԲɾ͵λ֮Ҫ˼֣ΪԲδ뷲˵ķ룬˰Ԫһ
·ϣһףڶҪҪ׵֣֤ԲҪ߳Լĵһ֮Դ
ҲѵһڴԲĻϼԼĵȥбʣԾţϴ˵еĳ֮·ҲԵ̤ɾ
˾Ҳͬڵһ͵ڶ̤ɾֻС磬顢ʵ棬ÿһؾ磬ر𣬼򵥶ԣ龳Ѱʵ٣澳֪
̶ȵߣ̤ǿ֮·˼أԿȥá
˵յīʱͣƽλɻʲôʣ
ī
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Ĭûʡ
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ڳ˶֪īչİλӣΪ߶Բľ磬̤ɾ츳ɾͶΪˡ
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һ˲һƣȶݿƣ档
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׵ĽϿúǿй⻪
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615 Ĺ
īɽھŷ壬֮ǰŬСϺˮ£һһʽаۡ
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
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ͬʱ壬µջĿ⣬һԲߵԶǰƿʯŲС
谵ڣһĹâԼɼ͸⣬ǰһһλ
λĩˣһǰȼϨǰһ£ϵ֣ȻĿ



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Ĵɽ֮һͨ쳹֮ܣУԶɽ֮ĸǿ
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ڴʱңԶ³¥УڸٵŮӣͻȻһһָһεѪ䣬Ⱦ
֣ͬͬľأŮʤҲ𽣬Ҳ𽡣


617 ɽ
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ڵļ֮Ҳڰޱȵ£Ѹ׳󣬹չһǧ
濴УǰߵİΣԽֻΣ
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ʱһһȥǰ·ԽѣΣˮش޻ͷ·ΨһֱǰУп߳
Ŀ⿴ˣԥˮһܰѹΪֻǣʵڹΣգϾŵΪߵ̫Զ
ʹ˷ֿһڽΣգ޷ȡ
ԥ濴ǰߣʦܣҪȥһطҲһɡ
㣬Ƭ̺󣬵ͷӦ¡
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֪
ףȻ᲻ʲôҪߣ֡

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ԷԪСѾͷ𣬽ֿ˷ӿĻˡ
ԡȴΪڻĳܳҡ
أҲǰߵĲͬѰеĵҲ˼֡
ٽɣǰһһػ淭ӿƣǰа벽
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ȸͬӶ𽣣ɻԪ֮Ӳ̫ʼ
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ನ֮УһһӰ˳ٶϣ棬˿档
ˡȸͬΪעܹˣҪɶԷһ㡣
Ƚ棬֪˫֮û̫ܣΨоʵĶ׷
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УȻעͬ棬ϣΪһϯ
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ˣУ޹ضԴ޹£
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һ̤㣬죬ݺĽǰУһ̣Ϊӳƣƾҡ
ȸ״ɫ£˫һǧټƵĳɫΪһХնӲ֮

һƺߣɫӰ׹£Ҽ֮ϣѪʳ֮У
δȥ˫ȸվ֮ȸ֮ܡ
Ȼڴ˿̣׹ȸ˫ۻȻϷ־ؾ䣬˷һɫֱͨء
ˡ
һˣȸӰֹסڣһۻޱȵԪ֮Ƶƶʱ䣬̳ҡ
תȸ񡣡
һ޿ɱ޿ɵޱȵһأ̫䣬񾪹塣
ʱյһ̫֮ʱȸ֣ǧħٻƽϢ
Ψһ޿״ڷˣȸ֤ü
֤ȸ֤ɫ£һѽ̫ʼתǧٽ˷ۣ֮
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Σһ̣һȣȪħת
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״һѹڽҪħ
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ͬʱīǼԶУһƵĴ½Ư֪ӺҪȥ
ɽ磬̫ʱڣĴɽ֮һϹʱɽһռ価䣬һ档
Ӵ֮Ϲŵĸؼʧδֹ
գɽ֣·֮á


618 ̤ʵ
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֮ϣһ˯ѾõĲӰĿ¶֮ɫ
ȴ꣬ڵȵɽٴ
һʱ䣬𶯣һλλϢֲϹִӳ˯߳ǰ
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īǣ壬ĵӰڵ̨ǰȺ
ɽĻᣬʮӲŻһΣ쳣ǿīĶڣʮӡ
ʱΪʵΪϣ֮谭ʵһ֣ɣ
жСģ֮¡̨ϣī·ˣڵ
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˹һӦ
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̫֮·±̤ܲǰĿ飬
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ǣϣᶨһдգȻѡǰ·㲻ڡ
Сֽץסǰߴ֣ҲϷ֡
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ʽ֯·֮˵ӣµģΣŵɻһһ¶ɡ
ħʧģȴ˳ŵУԹڡ
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ĿģʵϣȻɽ֮󣬴ԽԽ٣ԭ֮һǣԴ㡣
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ֿͷУݵ¥Ŀ⿴һ¥̨𽣬ģˡ
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ֿͷĪٰջĿ⣬ٶԣǰݡ
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ڽҪȥ֮ʱͣ˲ӣȴ֮˸ϡ
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˵ͷŮӣʵʦǶȥҪѰʲô
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ʦΪβȥʵ
ɽѽٱԵܳסһλ̤ʵڵĴڣ⣬ʦ𲻽ȥҲΪͬΪʵΪǿߡӦ
ʵǿߡü

ͷһĨ֮ɫǸʱҸհʦ£һλ½ֽ߳ǰսױλʦ֣󣬻ʦ֣ʤһУˡ
ԣӾâ̤ʵĽߣԭ仹Ĵڡ


619 
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쳣ɽ磬ۣһƬ͹ĮµϢп
ԲͬǵǿĬرܿʱûֱͻʱû˴С
뻸Ҳˣīӷһ֣ò˵ע⣬īǿڶ֪īȻҲͳΪڶǿ߹עĶ
ͷȥѰзطʾ֮Уµӿڵ
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İϢİףǰδδ˵ǿѹе𾪣ѰԵĽŲ֡
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٣īϣĴУīϰˡ嶼̤ɾǿߣˣ赲ǰ˵֮˼
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˲ԶʯתУСɽһԴɢž˵ǧö֮࣬Լ䣬֮𵴣˳ɿ
ʯ⣬Դ֮Խȣನռ䲻䣬Ρ
һ̣¹һʯ󣬷Դ

ϼŮɫһ䣬Ԫǰߡ
Ȼã沽̤ת˲Ϣ˹ƣչԴ
ͻıϼŮŭ֣˵ֹǰˡ
Ȼ𣬽浲˫ǿӰ˳ɣ˿ս̤ˡ
ͻȻһۻȥ·
ףӽɢƾսŮӣ˫˿仯
Դ㲻Ů

˰ΧὣǰԴУб±ᡣ
ţǿʳɽ磬ΨʤΪûйħԼıԡ
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ղǸ㣬ڴù𣿡·ϣҡҡ֣С
򲻹ʵ
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һûҭ룬Ѵ֣ܵǰ棬ǣŮӣ޽㣬˶ףΪ̫ͣ򲻹ǣ㱣Ǻòã
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״չһЦƯСԿɰ
СѾͷЦݣɫҲࡣ
Ůһ·̣¶ɫܵ棬ǣ֡
زˡ̧ͷһЦС
СѾͷͷɫƽʲôҲû˵
ѾͷԽѧԽˡ
Ѱɽټʱ෴ķӰУ㺮ȹŮӺͺµӣɲŮòȥ˵Ƕԡ
ͻȻǰһ¡һӵ³ˡ
һӣһīڵĽԻһնǧټӦ顣
飬¡Բֹת˲ǧټƵļƿնƻ
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Уһ⼣߲ĹսԻӴĽɢɭɭ⣬ֱб
սΪߴ󣬳ɣͨ⣬СɽһĳϣģĹ⻪֣Χ֮
ͭսŮ𣬻
Ǻǣﲻ˼Ҫˡ
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ۼֲһЦͻȻһתԶŮӡ
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Ů˵һ䣬ֶ̧ƣһؿڣӳĿѪ
ҡ
ƺһоǾٶߵСкѸȥ


620 ħ
ɽ磬ϷԨ纣˴ѣƵɾ
Ů󷽣һһСӰ棬һԨ֮С
طõĵȪˣһƬ
Ҫ⣬ɽ編Ѿãûеطǰȫġףѵ
˫ۻܣͷӦ¡
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أӣ;һУɭɭޣ̹ǡ
ӳԨɲǣƬձٴ޴ĿռǻӰ쳣
һ̣һֻֽ߲׷ɳֽײ󣬽аƴСеһöӨͨȻɢҫ۵Ĺâ

ֽеһŵ
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ֽ飬вת䷽򣬱ܿ;谭һҲͣ¡
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ͬһʱ䣬ɽ֮УǰеĺŮӸеϢͣ½Ų
һһصѹѸٱƽֽ׿еʱŮɫͬ£ڵλ̤ᵲ£ȥ

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ϤĽĶ֣īԽԽ죬ԽԽ䡣
ħǰ֮ΪλˣΨ֮Ӳս
ԶŮһսĺŮ⿴ս֣оȣδ뵽ɽоĽΪ
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623 
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624 
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īӣŮŮӵ˴лعѸٱܿݵء
ߣӻȥҡĴأվȡ
Ҫˣǿ߰ɡСЩŵ
š
ͷ˫ԶīӣâһΣīſνʧأһ˵īһڴˡ
û뵽һɽôµǿߣλ֮Ƿ仯ĸԴ


625 桢֪
ɽ磬ѵϣһɵ׹䣬ҳһһ޴ӣܴսɽ磬ȫ١
УܳٷԶɹ٣챦ͬʱʱ޾£ټա
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ʦܣ˵̫Σգѹ˲㣬뿪ɡ
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ˡ
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⼲ۣת˲ʧĿܿīӣԳһȥ
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ȥİǰСǣס֣ʵ
īǡ


626 ׺

ɽǿ뿪ǿϣһһСӰǰУīȥ
ɽһУջĶ࣬ĸʧʱһ϶Ĵ𰸣һֱƵƣɢ١
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ǡ
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֪ţԣҲὫſڽɴӻոһգֻл
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ȻһСѾͷΨڴϣʼղá
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ȱţܶ츳ţ;
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һ۰׺磬뻸Ŀ⿴ǰˣ̾
һԣ߬زҰףбڣΪʲôѵǵˣֻ


627 
ھŷϣȥ뿪ʱ˸УαͬȥıֻǶԼ˵
ѪȾĽУ׺Ѫб˲Ծܵɭɭ⡣
ԶСѾͷ
𣿡Сܹʵ
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ԣǰִ׺罣ŬܽϢ
ú¶ɫֻб
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СŮͷƽ͵֮ж̣ܲЩѾȥɡ

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ǰѪİ׺罣Ŀ⿴Զļ壬ڰâ
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ƥ򣬱ް꣬Ϊ˽գɡ
䣬ºӰ˷Ӣ֮һ죬


628 º
Ϸսºȫɱī֮ɫ񽣹âҫ죬ɱһУţ
Σȴī˫߲ʴʢУ壬弱ڡ
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Ȼ֣īԪȻӡǰؿڡ

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ŵɫŤºѪ룬ʣ࣬ȴҲ˵
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֨ѽһرգֻʣŮӺͻԵºգš
Ůǰڴߣ˺Ԫ̹ڣûڡ
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˵꣬Ůӻһת˷һϻ
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εӣƺ˵ˡ
򿪷ţУӿʯϻԵӰһִ̾⣬һ˵ԣôû뵽Ϊ˱𣬺߻ߵز

ͬʱīɽھŷϣþδأһѰң˿Ϸ顣
ͽУңʱǰܵдսΪβӰ
ڽɫ£ԵøһƬɭš
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Ŀȥܿһž쳣˿
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630 鲻֪
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ŹŮӣвԾŨκͱˣ̹ĵʹڼʧȥʱɲκα仯

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Ů飬ѱú˭ȥһˡī·ӣڵ
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ǰŮƽɫ¶һĨºͣôڴˣûȥ
γѽ׿һأ
ͣ²ӣĿ⿴гĲʯƬ̺ƽȥȡһȥ𣿡
ȥǰʵ
ǣ
Цް߰ɡ
һЦǰ䱳ܣȥ
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Ϊֿ츮֣֪ɽأɱ츮λԲ˼ѪȾ˹ء
ֻǣγɺɽҲ޷γ˹ҲΪϱľأ˸ҿ벽
գ֪Уأȡɽ
յĽأ˫ɳΪڰߣǰһǰȥ򽣲մ
ĵ棬ߴ˵ֿžĽΪ޼᲻ݵɽһ̣֮˿ܽǰ
ģһڷǽĲʯڴϣֲϢȣƲǿ
ɽŵ׽ضɽʮأ
ֻǣĴɽıɽҲ𣬽۶ϣѺ
Ȼ׽֮ɷɵһأ֮԰Ե
׽һĽߣüĿƽ޲ɢ޼޾ѹϹ׽
սϢ¡¡У׽γƱɫ
ڣ
ԣᣬǰ½ܣ˳
֣ɽ뽣ܣɲǼ䣬Ľ¡¡⣬׽
׽ֹϢ֮УްѸɱ¾֮ɢʱأعƽ
һ۲Զף룬һӣŽ֮ȥ
ǰܣȥ
ǰѰ֮𣿡ʵ
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ˡЩ
֪
ͷɽټʱħʲôδ˵ѿһ˿յС
飬ܲصĴ򣬲ܻȫУ׹ħ
ȥ
ȸȥһ˽һЩ顣ƽ


641 ۷
ºϣˮ˳죬ħ֮սؼʱ̡
٣˫һ֣βϻö棬߻
ħٶȲȥٶ֮нƳɽһһʽϺٵѷ֡
ٵĽ䣬ݣħݺ˫⣬涯ѹױȵĽԽƣ۷塣
ս֮⣬һλλ˼ɫأΪս𺳡
ǰŮ˫ֽ߬ǰЩյһսûжñ㱻ֹ뵽īŵھӵĽǿ˳̶ȡ
һߣͬ쳣۾ս֣һҲƿ
벻۷徹ӵΪ˵δ֮ϣػ۵
Ϊ˭ʤأԱߣһϮҿ۴멵¥¶΢Ц
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˵Ľ̸һߣ𽾳ȫУüͷ𣬿ս֣ɫԽء
˿̣ԶһĨųٻӰɴ棬дһ˿ȻʮעĿ
ˣ¥΢䣬ûжԣĿǰս֡
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״ɫҲŲһ̤񽣣ֳԵ
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ī񡢰׺ײ׺罣ƶϣٶȶʱơ
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ΣϮָȻ½⣬һȾ졣
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һ䣬ħƸ֣ȻǰߣϺֱ̤ϣһУһᲢã˫ա
֮۷壬ޱƽΨһнУƣơ
µĽߡ
ս֮⣬ػɫīŵھӣʵĿ࿴ˣڳ֮ˣЩϹ˭˵ѹƴˡ
һߣۿսΣ𽾳ɫó쳣˫ȭ߬졣

֮ǰŮɫţ֮ɫԽڡ
һѪҫĿ磬²ѿѪɽ
ڣΪ޴ˡ
ħְ̤׺סǰ̫֮ʼ̫澭֮޾û

ս⣬Ůɫһ䣬ҲͲסŲһ̤ǰսȥ
֮ϣ¥ͬʱһ˲֮䣬ǰɫ裬ǿߵϢתκ˲ս֡
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ͬһʱ䣬ڣˮƾյħ֮սĹʵأȥ֮ھǴꡣ
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ÿ˶Լ·ħ;ȴվͬ飬Ϊ˸Сǰڵ

ع񣬵ͷӦ
պɽϣۣ֮ܵԶǿĽѹ˫һ̤ʧ
һ̣桢棬ƽͣûһ˿ɱ֮
ģڣɫ
ӵ˽ѹߣֻλʧܾõĶߴ˵
ѯʵ֮¡ƽ
һ̾˵ͷɡ
ףȥ
ߴ߷أټıڿУڣһ룬ܡ
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ϤӰһҪǰ㱻
ǰ̫Σգֹ̧
΢Ŷ֮
ĴȻʶǷħԹ٣Ψ÷һ˿ת
Ҫáʵ
ʮܾ꣬꣬ܲȹһ٣ֻܿ컯ˡӦ
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вһսˣȫѱ֪ɱ⣬౻ѪϴǰЩӣƮҲ֮ǽһڲ̤벽£ʹΪֹɡ̾
ǰƽԣúתʯȥ
Ѳٻ
ȥĴ棬һ̹ǣ߷طһͣһ̣Ǽ֡


642 
죬ºϿնħ飬ˣ
ºǰ¥أҷ裬𵴣𽾳
ǿߵĽ棬䣬ޱ޼ʵĳ˷ڣϯɡ
ս֮⣬īߡػۣ˭ûв֡
У˽ţŮϾǽ֮ɫ̤Ҫʩȡ
Ȼһ̣ҷݣ翣ȥǰ·
ȻһŮԽء
սǰ˭ܹȥ
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Ȫ졣
¥һӹϣ̼䣬һεֲµѹض֣֮һƬƬ߽⣬ͬ
𽾳ɫ΢䣬̤˳ԪȪ

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ӭ
ܵı仯ħ߿ڣƽ
лˡ
ӦŲһ̤죬īת˫Ľ˷ӿʼգ޾֮ڳˡ

ֳ֮徣籩ƿնء
һУԽޣռȻĿ󣬾ġ
ħɫҲְ׺ɻȪ̫֮ʼᲢã
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һߣ𽾳Ҳ˳սģԸµĽ
ת֮󣬴սģҫ۵Ĺ⻪ĽɢûΧһС


643 
ºϣκˣһйȥսֹУӰ¶
˵ˣͬ壬һΨһ
ƽ֡
սɫ
ˡ
ħƽ˵һ䣬תȥ
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ϧδʤ
¥¶΢Ц
սȥղˡػӦ
¥һЦһԵŮӣ𽣬Ҳ߰ɡ

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ǡ
ŮӦ
ͬʱǧ֮⣬˻֮أ׻죬ڱգݺύֲƣء
УӰöһīɫ⻪ڣ޾Ӳնһ;
ʮ⣬¾ǣһλɵСѾͷ۷ɽ١
ܶȹȥ𣿡̧ͷʵ

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֮;쳣ǿ֪ʱѧĺסָ㣬ֱգԼĽ
еĽ⣬˫ǧܸܵⳬԽ۷Ľѹ

īתۣ޾׺
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¥¥Цҡҡͷû⣬޼ǰݡ


644 ˮ
ǰϦǰ¾һٺ֪ϣԱ䡣
ڵӣһ˿Ļᣬݴʧ
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661 ɢ
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СŮ֪ףȻȥȥ
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671 Ψһ
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672 ͬ
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īǹӲܣֱǿչ·ִߡ
Ȼһĵսַʼȣǿĺˣʵǿߣһʱ侹ǲ·硣
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ܴǸͷ𣿡
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ôˣ
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ϣѧ׾䣬µϢϯ죬߼״ΧԪᣬԪ۰˷֮ǿ֮Уͬ䡣
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һѾɳ˳̶ôܡ
кιϵ
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ʦʧһʦǰûءں
˵ͷȻˣ㽫㴦ãΪ񡣡
лִǰ
ٴιһӦ
ǣպ·֮ʱѰᡣ
˵һ䣬Ӱɢȥʧ
ִȥ·˷Ŵлع񣬿ŴµĺˣΡ
˭Ȼִ߶ֱ档
̨߰ɡ
Ŀ⿴Զĺӣڵ
Ҳûж˵ȥ
Ⱥ֮УλŮŮɫѿ֮Ҫû֣ȴּɵλ½ߣ
λҪֻع߱²ֻ֣ǣΪҲһʱԾڴˣڡ
˵һ䣬Զȥ


701 
ǿչ·ǳ⣬㽻̸ԶȺûǰ
˵ɣʲô¡ǰˣɫ
ҲûжȦӣֱʵϵ飬Դ
飿
ԣüͷһ壬ʲô飿
ǰߵĻش΢΢𣬿ǰ֮ˣԡ
ɫ£ν飿
ջĿ⣬ƽֻһͳƶѣսһõѧԴ顣
üͷٴƬ̺󣬿ڵһҴһãֻһУķȫȱٵĲҸԼⲹϵġ
˵óһ򣬵ĮҲϲǷ飬㣬ӴǷ
ӹʶɨɫɷ֪˹ã
ɾءʵش
ͷһ䣬ĸ˲ʹ˰ݣޣ˷񡣡
л
Ӧһ䣬תȥ
Ų΢٣عͷҲһ䣬ɾΣأҪ̤롣
˵꣬ûٶԶȥ
״Сܹʵô˰
ó򣬵˹ȥꡣ
ùʶɨһ飬һƲֵ˻ȥ
˾ʱȱʧһ֣Ҳúٽ㡣ɫº͵
Զڵһ
ʮѼʶžһʽǰδ𰸺ˡӦ
֮
ϧֻво
ͷʮΪʼΪգΪ𣬿ɼܼ֮Ҳһġ
ֻǣÿһ鶼⻹ϵķʽ˾ֻʣ²һУʵź
Ǽ֮˾𣿡

ҡҡͷֻ֮ʱǷųˡ
ı廹ǸӦ𣿡

ףûκθӦ
˾齻豾ΪʣԴӵ츮֮Һ󣬱ûκϢʵǼ鷳¡
ͬʱǣǿ·֮һųһƽĸۡУ˾Զǿչ·
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סӷɱ֮ˣûƣҲ֣в۵£ɱ˱ɱˣǲóָ棬ǣǧǣһߵλŮκΣգһҪ̻رȲϣ·Ѫɺӡ¥
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ǧ񣬲ۡ
ͷҲ̧˵һ䣬
ԣСһô
ԱߣҲһĨɫȷˣľǷƷٻһЩȫ֤
Ҫˡ
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702 
¥īʯ̨רĵصľʼղ̧ͷ
ǰ棬ĵȴûдߴ١
¥ϣһ¥Ҫ˲٣Ȼһ䱦ļ۸񣬲һܹܡ
ڣ
굶ľһһŲңɣڶ¥лص
أͣĿ⿴еľ¶ɫ
ӡ
һλͯװ꿴ߵĻˣ
£ûжԣǰ
ԶλŻҲͣ½Ų֮ɫ
ľ񽫳ɣһ֣ķƣһȥûľ֮С
ȥ
˿˵һ䣬̨ȥ
ͯԣæϡ
˶ͬʱԶļλҲǰȥ
ƹľʲôǮ˿ʵ

ߵӦһľǰˣǧ񡣡
ӹľ񣬻ͳƽл
˵꣬ľݵСѾͷУɣҪ
ľ˿СչһЦ绨öĿ
λװ˿Ŀ¶ɫıﾹҪһСѾͷ˵ʲôݡ
ͯǰذɫҲȨ׵ʧ
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ݷλִǰӦ
ȥ
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ƲƲ죬ѹһֶţĿ⿴ŮӣСʦΪɶҪȥݷǸִ߰
ЦЦΪٵܶ鷳
СѾͷɫĽ͵һЩһֱڸǣȥݷùλִǰЩʲôע⣬ҪúȨһˡ
Ŷ
׹ĳӣʲôҪòƭˡ
һЦԽԽˡ
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лǰѣġӦ
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һʱµĸۡУذ׾űоƣȴҪϢ
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˵꣬õӰΪǵɢȥʧ
˹ͣϵһĨɫλȻЩ˵ע⡣


703 
ʮպǶ콾ʢᣬɫӳշʢӣ
ϯ䣬ĵӰ˹עһŮһǿϢ֣ȫ̤ɾС
̤꣬ɣʲôʱܳƵϵ֮ӣһ
УһλԺһλ׸гֵذףˣʵɲ⡣
콾ۣһʢỪʣ⣬ڶǿߵעϣΨһŮӣٷʣ˾󲿷˵Ŀ⡣
ʢֵʱԶһӰһɷڸǣһ֣һ

ӳ֣λǿһҲˡ
ԨϦգˣƽ
ΪԨɫ΢һûᡣ
ӲԶϦףӦʺ
˵ķӦУȴ˿⣬ߵһ߿õϣƱơ
ܵЩգذ΢⼸֮ĶԹǱϿô򵥰
Ϧӵ٣˫֪ǷҼʶذ׷оƱڵ
һ䣬ڳĿⶼӰŮӣ¶ڴ֮ɫ
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޽ϧˡڣ¶ź
ɡ
ذһӣһϼտȻĽʣɲǼ䣬
˸٣Ӣ轣˰䣬˲ۡ
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ĿԶɫһ
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λὣʵ˽⣬ȫûбҪһ٣һɱλ𶥷֮ϵǿߣǿ·ԴãΪλҪֲʵ
ذžƱǰǰˣڵ֣ذףڶμˣᾴһ

ЦݵضƱһձʾǰˡ
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ˡ
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䣬ϯȥ
һ̣ϯ䣬һ֣֮ȻһȾ졣


704 
콾ʢᣬһδѪ΢ȴشڳÿ˶С
ĽٻʱԨҼ磬ʺ쾡Ⱦ
ĵһĻûпӺγΨе죬˵ŷŷʲô
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705 
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706 콾
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707 ɾ
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722 ȢҰ
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ҲЩ漫ʹߣȻڼ޹ȥ˾ˣ˵ףռ˴ˡ粵
֪Ҿͼ޹ȥˣܱڼ޲ȥǿܰǰһۣһ߸Ͽˮһ˵
۽̫ߣȥϺһҪˣ֤˴Ӧ²
⣬ϧ˭˭Ķ죬Цͬʱһ˿Щ깫ߵ̫ˣҲڹЩǰʱͷص


723 ֮
ҹɫ֮ʱλŮźȥ
ܰ꿴ԶȥӰĸ̾ʮˣܵȵһ
ϧףź󷽵ĴľŹĪ˸С
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Ĺǰ߶߶Ӱƽյ侲ȫ㣣ûû˵˵ͣƺҪЩίͲȫ˵
ԶϧǰӰһĨȻ֪ǹһصˣǰǣǣԺҲǣҲΨǰӲʲôµĴ


724 㣬ú
ݴأ˽УΪˣһϾһߴ멻󣬶ǿߣΪѰ飬̡̤
󷽣𽡢ϧ棬ͬ绪ŮӣԲĿ
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730 澳
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734 
·̣սս콾棬졣
УϧѪϵ䡣
Ƭ̲ͣЪսǿϷֻΪ·ǿĶ֡
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ƾճǰӣɫȫһ˺ʱģ
ǺˣΪУһ˳
񾩡Ӱƽ
ÿһ˿ڵ
вĻö˵ʼɡ
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Ȼ𣬻ڿգһУ˰벽Ѫһҷӿ
𺳵һĻţһ˲תƣƿ֣Ѫɽ
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735 
ҹɽ֣忪ս澳ɽ֮˼֡
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Ų̤תɽӭУɷ֮ҹ»ö档
ת۰еĶԾнԽԽ죬˽ʧؼΨʣӶĺ⡣
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736 ͬ
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Ŀ⿴Զӣɱڡ
аӣָòɫƵף˿С
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ѵУаɫĳǹ֣ħƣһϢٶ
ƿնĺɫǹ⣬Х죬ܱ
ǿ֮УǿƥаԪѩڣ١
ޡ
΢ӹѪʢѸӣûĿһС
Ȼһ˫ۻ뽣ѹݿ࣬аַɳ
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̣֮߳׼ʧȥһУһֵ̣ļ֤
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ʽк졣
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¶һĨЦݣǰָ̧ǰߵһû￴ɻӣôġ
һδǰǰŮӱ뻳УϤůϢлûʧĿֻŷŽƽ
ɫԽᣬǰߺ󱳣ڣк𣿡
ע⵽һԵźȹŮӣƽһ飬ɿˣڵȾ֪Ƿһ顣
µ֪Ƿ飬ǰȾ׬ˡ
Ⱦ¶һĨ΢Цش
Ⱦ֮ǣлֲٶԣպ飬ɫ
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Ĭ֮󣬿ڵȾţΪﻤ𣬲ҴܿͣԲ֮ѽ벽
ŹӣԼ̤ľһѿս澳ֻҪٽһĪУȾῴˣǰᣬҲᡣȾ΢Ц
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ǰ֪֣ڤܴᣬս񣬽·硣
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ڤӡ
ƽ׾սڤ̧ǿԪһ˲֮䣬˫ǳԻһƬƬʱճ̻һ

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ԶսѲԶץʱ·ɡȾڵ
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һλλǿĿǰɫ𺳵ͬʱҲòߵգѲٷΣǶҪҵԶս


746 ԶǰϦ
ǻһſž޴ʯ׹䣬ҵĻ⣬ֲĽصȥͨԶսǰ·
У¼ǰУһ֣ѩ죬նȥ谭
⣬һӰӹһ콾ѸٸҪһʤ
λǿУϢ쳣ԣλоѹԶˡ
ǰ¡¡𶯾ˣλɫ΢ٶȸ켸֡
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á
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Ȼػ磬֮Уѩٿ·
ӹһѩŮء

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ΪѳԽī֮ī֮Ѳ˸ϵ
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˫жǿҡ֮ƿХڣ˲ս֡
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һʽ䣬һʽٳ߶סΣֻǧԪΣй¡
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ۼ֮н٣һ˲ãѪУ֮սɲǣ쾪
ȸ䡣
񣬽ƾХȸ
¡𣬽ӹӳ£һɳˣ׷
ĽԲ飬þ֮ۡ
߷ƽӽһԪںƵƾ費ΪӲ֮
һ˲𶯣һƬƬձѣѳֲ֮
֮
ת軪ԵٶȣԵĽƣһ죬Ψһ
Ϭʮʽ֮ܵУᡣ
ϮϢᣬһƾ»ǳ֮Ӵ֮ܣһ죬뱯
˫УȻܷ֮˫ǿȻ״̬˳ྡྷвƣٽ棬սǿ֡
ᡣ
սڷԪԴѪӴߣｻӳ潣
ƸǿɫԽأ˫˻Ԫ߶ǳ֮ٴԪ֮лҫڣʮɹͿ
Ϭʮʽ缫
Ԫأ»䣬Ŀ°׷绪˼ӾչΪӭΨһ֮
Ƽ½棬һƬҫĿ֮ļ⣬¡¡𶯣ݻĿһУ𺳡
δ𡣡
ͻȻһĨĿĺ죬ȾϾİף֮Уսַ


747 Զ
·ͷ֮ս˼轣Ψһ½档
һĨ콦Ŀ۵ĺ죬ڷз𣬿֮
磬һ磬ʺ䣬׶ܴ
ᵲס㣬߰ɡ
˰벽壬˫ǰˣڵ
л
սûжԣתȥ
ǿˣΪ֮
ƽѵ
¾ǰ
ͣ˵һ䣬ǰȥ
⣬Ⱦˣһͬȥ
Ӯˣʵ
ʽδ˵˭˭Ӯ
ӦŮʽݣû̫ɱӦ¡
λҲģԼ㡣
ֻҪѰһҵԶս䣬̬ҪԶսһ֮¡
ǿԶսҪǿʵûбҪһֹ£ѾȷܴԶս֮˱ض
ųʵأֻһѡ֮ˣҲ޷ȷ˵˭ԣŻᵣĴڣٵԶսϣ
˼ģ˼Ŀ⿴ԶһĨɫ½Ҫõ˭ˣһ
󷽣ʱһλλߴУٶԽԽ죬ҪԶս
ͬһʱ䣬ǻУһӰӿٶȣŬ
ǰ˼ǰУ׺ɣɽ󷽡
ˡ
̤ٴͣǰݺɽڵ
ɽ֮ϣһͨ쳹أΡƥ
ߡ
һ̤磬ӳɽ֮ۡ
Ⱦ̤ϣƮƮĿ
ǰһ̣֮ϣ˷һֻƴ֮Ȼ¡
֣Խʱƣīŵھӡ
δҲҪңǺš
ʰµľƣɫһ䣬н滯һնӭж
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Ӧһ䣬Ų̤ǰɽ֮ۡ
ڰʮһǰָ֣ɲǣɽ¡¡ҡҷ̫֮Ի˼䡣
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˼Ƭ̣ںʢӰԻʣ˫֣ͬһӡǽȪԲﾡ硣
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ңԶɽۣ֮˿İӰλǿɫһīŵھӡ
Ŷ𣿡
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һ߳ǵذס
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ذɫ£׵ʽ˽ƷѰ
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󷽣һλλǿ߼״ͬ˻Ԫٴƿռơ
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á
Ӧһգַ棬ɷƣһնɡ
գӳȻײǿС
һ춯صУɽƽ֣ɢΪ֮

ƺߣѪɽһǿ
Ҫҵȳˡ
ԶһӰ߳ī׵Ĵ멡µµĽװһλһλϢǰ֪ٱ
·һУսأľ콾ǰٳ߸ͷһµĶ塣
ڡĶԿעǽڻʤī״멵Ŀӿڣ
ڻܴ⣬Ͼδ֡󷽣һλǳɫȹŮǰӦ
ҵȵһλ˵̫ˡī״멵̾
ҲŮ
ˣϼԶɽ۵˫һ˿⻪ƽҲ


748 ս
ڰʮһɽǰǿĿ⿴Զɽ۵Ӱɫǳء
ɺĶ壬־أȻĲ࣬쳣
ܴһλߣǿסΣɫһһѿһ·ǿգʱȴǰܵ˳ס
ɽ֮ϣջĿ⣬ԶʱڵĴսһ˫ⲻϻ
ˮ£ȷʵ棬ȻԶսľܿԽʱԻڴˣһа취ܴ򿪡
ʱţǻһӰ߳Ϣˣһ˲֮ٶʧ
·䣬׷׸ڰʮһڵѡ塣
á
ܵԶսߵɫ΢䣬̤գǰС
ѡۣ֮¾˼ѰҴԶս֮
ѡ֮ǰһλλǿԿ벽
λǿ߲Զĵطλ˾ĿͬעԶɽ
ΪԶսǳڣ
ǲ뿪ǿˡ
ɫһƬأ̬ȺڵԶսؼҲʵѡ֪Բܱϡ
Ҫô죿
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ѹеļ¶ǿһЦ취
˵꣬ٴοǰĵӰвԤԽԽǿΪ˿Զս֮£밮ȾֺԶսӰı仯
ʱԶսӰսɱ¾Ⲣ֣ͰȾǷŮΪλʬҰĻ֮

ҵƽģʱɫͻȻһ𣬿Զˡ
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䣬λͬʱ֮ѡ֮ۡ
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ӷ𡣡
һԶһλµСɳʮңȻһԪȴǾ֮˿κһλߡ
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ħ׿·ȪɿֻأȾԪħι𣬻ص֮ƣҡض﷽Բ˲㸲֮ĩ١
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ֲͬĹƣڣѷ塣

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ޱ߿ü϶̤ǰħĿڡ
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Σһ죬ն֮
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ޱƱתȻһƣϮĽ⡣


749 ɸ꽻
ѡɽսΪī֮ӣߵɱ¾졣
λ콾·Ȼǰ벽
֮ս˼𺳣״θܵڶ֮ǰԼĴС
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սȣȾữħ˫Ԫ֮ײħۣɫӦ֣ޱߣɱ¾޾
ޱĹƣӲħ֮棬һ˲֣棬ǰ
ʽһΡ
ƾ»ӽϽ棬Լеһƿޡ
ħʽħ档
ʽУħʽĩ֮\Σ֮
ѾδޱΣ֮ʣǰ߳ɹˣΪ棬ɫ˳Ϯħ档
һ𣬻𺣱ڣУϢţɫǹɿвԻһǹƳǡ
Ϯ߽˳벽ɢС
ѽĺսҵ𾪣˫ǿ澳Խ׳ذ벽
һߣӦ񷡢ͬ谭ɽˮ϶ƣѩƶɽ٣ϼ˻ʼ쾭ϣ֮Ӳ˫
ս⣬߻֮ռ֮˫УԶǳ乭£Ŀ˫Ҫ
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ͬһʱ䣬սѡɽϣ֪ս¥ɸ꽻ӣɽ׹
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753 
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ʱ󣬵У߳һ˿ƣǻȥɡ

ͷԭ·ȥ
̫˾Ŀ뿪صβ鿴ʱӺݺһ
֮УʺѪʣһֹᡣ
Ժ᷿У²ϴ˫֣ȻϵѪȴôҲϴ
𣿡
һԣƽ
ɫһҡҡͷڡ
Ǳ㹻ˣ£㳤ˣҲԼ뱣ˣڵλãע㲻˫ֲռѪȣʵϰ֣֮ᷢⲢôɽܡ
¶һĨ΢Цȥºͣȴ˸ܲ˿ů
ˮʳҲѹƲסе˵ǰ߻Уӿ
̧ĻѾͷ󱳣һ̾ǳɳĴۣȻʹǱ뾭
ʱ䲻ˣ֪ܻǶãǱѧԼչԼ
ԺУҹվڳ֮ǰǿ̹ĵĽ⣬һһظĦᡣ
ĿƹԺӰйâ
ʮɳˣţܹͻңδɾͲ
ûãܰǰ糯Ҫǰȥ


770 볯
һĨɫһδȫ𣬷Уѵ
볯¼ߣܰĵΪǰһӵı֡
ˡ
ʱ˵һ䣬ŷȥ
ĻʹΡ͵Уٹϳ
ƽһ㣬ûֱ̫糯ȴһ˿ɵڴĻʳ̣һʩѹϵٴαýš
ʮǰһ˸ĴսĿλϳؼǵһսĿ£ﶦʢĴģλԡѪսΪĴƽٿսʽٴͿ̿
ٹپУҷһ۵ĳ߳˫ɨ·ڳδһ
£ϳˡ
ԣһλǰѵ
ȡ
ĳ㵭Ӧһƽ
ڳȣȻ˭Ҷԣֻܼĵȴ
ʱ֮⣬ݾͷһĨӰ֣ݣʮǰ̫仯
ݼ
ˣһλλ£
УٹĶ׷׻ףӰ¶֮ɫ
ݼ
֪볯ٹǰ֮ˣְٸߣҲ˸˿ʧ
Ǵĵػû֪ûڵĴģԸԸϣⶼʵ

ǰĳѹеڵ
һλڰٹ֮׷Σ첽ȥ
ϵӰ΢΢˵㣬ǰ£ûжԡ
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һλ߳ɻʵ֮£ʵڹΣ׼ʱɣǱɻʵΪսΪ֮
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Ҳɻʵۻкֻ֣Ȳ֪ˡ
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顣
λվͥҰģȲɲӦǰȡֶΣñɻʵһô׾ͻȥ
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ڳ֮ǰİٹ٣಻
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һɺԡ
֥δ˵꣬һλϳзŭǰߣᳯ䣬С֮١
Դ˲ضŭҲֻǾ°ˣϾĸƤ˭֪еʲôԴҲܷϣᳯûܹµˣҲûвµˡ֥
£ö֥˵ꡣϣĳ
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ϵĳӹһȥ
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ڳԣȫĬ֥ԣȷʵ޵
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֥Ǵĵ˵־ԼĻһλĳ߳
ˣս֮ϵʤһ䳤־Լܸı䣬ʵˣԸҲãԸҲãʵ˿Ըı䡣֥
֥˼ǣĳƽ
͡
֥Ļʵսңһ£ͥҲ̫ɸϾˣᳯֻϢ٣ᳯа취״±ǰⳡսӦ𡣡
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Ѫأĳٴʵ
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УٹвڣΪθλͬս佫Ӧսнҵ
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֥һƬ̺¶𾪣ү˼ǣ
š
ͷС֮ĶȾ֮ҲԾ֮ĶС֮ʵΣһЩһֱᳯãʱҲܺԣ̵ְĵҶ˵ÿ飬ֻǰȻǴĺͱɵ£ǣ˭ܱ֤ɽۻ
л㣬̡֥ܽ
֥һӦ
ЦЦѺܺãֻʱȱپ飬Щѧû֪֮ҵͬǾѪºͿλ˵ָ㣬֪Щ
˵Ŀ⿴֮ϵӰɫº͵ĻЩұԷˣסһҪԼİհҵһλҪ飬Ҳѵ飬һһֱţȴ֤ĵİٴʢ
˵꣬ûٶ˰֣͵ȥ


771 ƽ
Ļʳǣȥһѩĺףǧ⣬ѩƮ
֪վԺУƮѩϴһĨ΢Ц
쵽ˣʱûǿ졣
ѩ֮УҹнٶԽԽ죬Ұ˼䡣
һµʱ䣬֮亱Ľţһǧ
һ䣬Լޱҹѧ٣̶١
Ϣ֮󣬽ɢѩУҹӰͣ£ǰµӰӵĹâ
ʱ䵽ˣ߰ɡڣƽ
ҹս֮һӿʤһ֮ǰ
ڻҵĶֻ֣һΣʧܣҲ֡
ҹһ˫»ָǣһǰ֮ˣתȥ
֪ԽԽҿˡ
ҹ뿪ã֮ϣų֣һϤӰ߳ǿϢԲ塣
þò衣
ߣڵ
»رɡ
ɫĮ
ԡ
ͷƽӦ
ͷŴ򿪣һװ߳˳Ͼ棬һͬ
¡
һ񣬹
ض߰ɡ
˵һ䣬Ժȥ
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ʵ²ߡ
֪ʱܰһװǵգѩ
֪
ӦһתŮӣ΢ЦˣٺСŮʱһԣػѡҲΡ
Ĳٹˣ𣿡
ַ̧ܰȥǰϵѩ
š
ͷ֪ôǷµΪµˣֵΡ
ܰĬƬ̺Ȼ꣬Ҳ߰ɡ
ȥʵ
Ѱռҡ
ܰ¶һĨ΢ЦЩҲˣʣµӣֻƽƽĶȹٿЩȨ
á
΢΢ףߡ
ѩƮ㣬໨ֽɡ£뿪˺һ㣬ȥûκر˭Ҳ֪һȥԶ
δ빬УܵԶȥϢ΢ʮ꣬ϣҸ

󣬴ߣһƫԶСǣʧ޵ĳǳسµϢаճϢȻƶȴ֪㡣
һ˽ӣʵĶУһλµӰվǰһһĵؽ̵ǰʮλӶʶ֡
⣬һλӻ׵߿ˣοص˵ͷˣ̲ˣλڣҲܷĵؽиˡ
˲ѧ֪塣
˲ѧ֪塣
У˶һ䣬ǰʮλӱŶһ䣬Ȼرʲô˼ǣܶǺҸ飬˼ҵĺ統ң֪Ļ֮ףԱϧ
Ϊӣʱʦѣϰǡ
Ϊӣʱʦѣϰǡ
һһжд⣬ӣһ˽Ӻȥ
ʱܿȥѧʱкͯ׷Ȼ󣬱ıĳȥ
У¶һĨЦݣĿź뿪

һλϴŲСкӵǰС
Сģôˣ
ӣСкԴʵ
ײˣڼչסСӵӵ
룬ȻؼңЩʱȥҿòã
š
СӵͷʰöС뿪ѧá
еĺӶ뿪ѧţ˽ȥ
һݶ
ؽֵĶ̯ǰͣ½Ųǰˣڵ

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á
ΪСüŮкõĶãݸǰ֮ˣ΢ҪĶ
лл
ЦЦӹͭǮ£ȥ
Ķ˻ǿ
˿Զȥˣп
ʱ䲻ˣʰʰҲȥɡ
üջĿ⣬ߵĸףڵ
š
˵ͷֿʼʰ̯λ
Сü
ţ
üĿƹɻ
ԥһ£Ƭ̺мҵˣλҲøеһ㣬ԡ
˵ˡ
üڴǰߵĻɫ΢죬һ˿ί֪˼Ҳġ

һ̾ûٶ˵ʲô
Ƕ˽ӲԶһͨСԺǰŶ룬Ժҩ԰ٻӰ¶Цݵһˡ
̧ܰͷһЦôһЩ
ȥ˵㶹һ֣΢ЩЦŻش
һ죬Ϣһɣȥ
ܰǰӹ
š
ͷһͬȥ
չЩ䣬¯𣬽ůͲ١
ûãܰ꽫õķ˶˺ܼ򵥣һ̶һˣ׷Ѱռûκ
ܰ꣬һҳһ˰ɡ
һ߳Էһ˵
ʲô𣿡
ܰǰмһЩˣɻ
Сĵˣȥæ
ʵʵ˵
á
ܰ˵ͷԹǾ͹ȥɣʱںǺӼҲ˵ƺǺܺãҲ벻򡣡
ɫ£˳Թһͬȥ
ҹһ亮¸߹ң֮ϼǳŵҹ԰
ڽֵϣһ·Ϻ˵飬档
ʱ⣬ñȴʮѵƽ
ͻȻֵͷһ񱼶ưԼ۶Ƭ̺ʧҹ֮С
ûɣ
Ůӣ
ûС
ܰҡҡͷӿǰЩ֣ǸʮİӦòǴ˵֮ˡ
ǹ·˰ɡ
Ӧһ䣬ûᣬǰȥ
ʱ󣬳Ƕһǣһƾɵķǰǰ˷š

Уϴ·Ск¶ϲɫǰ򿪷š

ǰ֮ˣСϲػһȻע⵽һŮʱ̱õ
Сģӣ׵Ĳ
ܰӣɫ
롭
СЩŵӦһÿ·
ڣһλòĸڴϣɫ԰쳣ʱԼȥĲᡣ
ܰǰڴߣϸ̽鸾˵
վһԣ⿴ǽϹŵһѽɫ΢΢һ
Сļôн
κ׵Ĳòá
Сҡҡ֮˵ֱۣ۾оǰ֮ɫ
˵꣬Сķ·뵽ʲôϣǽϵĽժ£ݸǰߣд˵ѽҼҵĴұԵģҼûˣѽҩѿ𣿡
ҼҵĴұСʹŽͽʣȴôҲβ
һԣܰ״һ̾飬֮ǰʡ


772 
ճǣǶƫԶһǣƾɵķУƻԻ谵
ڣǰۺСкӹеĽߵǰ¹ȥ
Сģұǲ͸˵ģȻôдұء
عСкԴ¶Цݵ׵Ĳܿõģõġ
˵𣿡Сֲ̧еˮʵ
Ȼģ˵ѻЦЦӦ

СΪЦ
ߣܰɿ֣Ŀ⿴һߵķǷ纮
纮
üͷ壬Ƿ纮СĵôᲡ˵ز
纮ֻʵСĵĸ׳ۣѺ
˵ܰһ̾Ҿɡ

Сקק֮˵䣬ϣû°ɣ
Сķģû¡
ͷ¶º֮ɫӦ
ܰóЯ룬ڸ̫ξ֮ѨѨλһһ룬Ϊڷ纮֮
Ӻܰ룬һֱŵȴСк΢ЦûµģСռȥѧþУһչס
ǡ
Сԥ֮ɫ
Сʦﶮҽܸõչס
Сĵ˵ͷǰһŮӣ¶мллʦ
СкԴʱ䲻磬ȻȥˣСҲ˯컹Ҫȥѧá
š
СӦ
߰ɡ
֮ˣڵ
ܰͷһͬȥ
ֵϣܰ꣬ղſ㻰лʲô𣿡
йС׵Ĳ
ܰ̾ͳɼһη纮κãС׵ʱҲ̫ˡ
ܳŶãü
ꡣ
ܰش
ĬƬ̺󣬿ڵСĵĸ¸ɣ룬ҲӦ֪ˡ
š
ܰͷӦ
¡¡
ʱԶٴֻǲͬǰֻһˣһΣʮＲ۶泤󸺼ɱڡ
ֵǰ΢΢Ƕ֮ﰡ
ȥɳ죬վƬ̣ɳɢżǰȥ
¸գʱ󣬹ųǶ⣬ʮ׷ǰ뿪ˣɱʼһս󣬱׷ɱǿͻΧ֮ŶߵĴĻʳǸȥ
ҹȥ٣һȥ˽ӣܰȥСļңаռûκθı䡣
˽Уж׵ĺӣ֪Ĳ࣬˼Ҳǵܹл飬Ǻ㡣
ѧʱСĲ꣬żܳѧãʼշĲ²صס
Сðʧӣû֣ТģУܹ𱸡
صʱܰ껹ûлߵҩ԰Уæҩݡ
԰ݲݣͷŶصҩ㣬Уһҩݣ쳣Ŀҩϻ꣬
ȴûпҩݡ
ô硣
ԺŴ򿪣ܰ룬ҩ԰ڵӰЦ
磬Щ
ЦЦǰùҩ䣬𣿡
ۡ
ܰҡҡͷ
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е¯ž죬ҩݣǰ΢֣ڵůһ°ɡ
š
ܰ¯ԣǰůԴ῿֮˼ϣСĵĸˣ˵˺ܶ飬ԭСǽҡ
СĶһӣǰĸһЩӦҿǰѽʱµһЩСĵĸأ
ˡ
ܰ¶п֮ɫСļҵ游һѼҵ䣬СĵĸΪĸЩҲѡ˲ξϧǰЩƽʱսˡ
ս׳ʿʮ顣
һ䣬սǾһ飬ܻˣʮһ
ϲսǳϲܣϣԶս
㱱֮ģĿľΪҪͳһݣ׽೯ŵľ档
֪ͳһ᲻ַ¿еİٴʢֻ֪ڻʷУһͳľ棬ά̫á
´ƣ־ñغϺϾñط֣ԭ򣬻ġ
׷ȫģԶֹͣҪ׽սûκοܡ
Ȼпᣬʵ
սԴΪȨκĴﶼα֮ԣдʷʤߣǱϳİߣ⡣
꣬ܰܿ֡
߽Уܰ꿿˼ϣƣ˯ȥ
Ὣ˯Ů뻳УϢһ嵭룬ŵҩ㣬Ϥů
ӣֵһŮӣڵľ
ʱ䣬һĻһһȥĭԸƽ
󣬹ų֮Уһӱ֣ǧ࣬Ϊ׵ĹԱƷ
аյһοôٱ׷ÿ·ҿ̫
УüѼΪ˸ɷһʵĺӣһ̯ͬŶ⡣
ٱε˶̯λһأü뺺ĬĬضӣʰ̯ӣҷ
ԹٶȻûж飬ȴҲ֪
ʰ֮ʱһӰ֣ҲӰæʰ
лл
ǰֵˣüм֮ɫ
֮Ͷѡ
ʰõĶԶȥĹٱûж˵ʲôųǶļȥ
յңܰ¶֮ɫСĵĸ׿ܿŲסˣܹܿ졣
ԣ΢΢һôŸոꡣ
СļҲȫСĵһ˲ٳ֣ܳŹ꣬ǲסܰ̾
Ǹӣ׼ôţӣʵ
Сĵ׼ЩʡԼʣµȫСģȥѧйǰٻܰش
¸ĸġ
п֮ɫлܰһѱһѰɡ
š
ܰͷﻹЩӣȻСĵĸײС֪£彫ӸСģѧȥѧЩӣҲ˵ĹȥСĲ̫ࡣ
Ҳֻˡ׵
ˣҴСļһʱٹٱ֪ô𣿡ܰ겻
̫
ҡҡͷǸԱƷδӦ֮󣬳͢ƷϵĹԱǰӦд£ǣպ󲻻̫ˡ
û뵽ƫԶĵطҲ㲻ʵڲУǱ߰ɡܰ
ʱҪλԱȻǰǳӦòʶǣңС뿪СĵĸҲҪչˣȿɣס꣬ҪߣҲһ¡Ӧ
ţġ
ܰͷ


773 
չųǣСΪһλ͢ƷԱĵòƽٱפУÿնʱѲߡ
һЩӺ󣬳аɿʼĽţýϰߣʱ򣬰յӦѰǿֻҪƵĻȥ˳ܡ
Ƕһǣƾɵķǰһλĸ˽ʣǰУԲ԰׵¶֮ɫСģѧҪϽȡù֮ǰͲˡ

СˮӯȥѴӵСкֻ꣬ǣüĿЩɬ֮ɫ
һԣǰ׼õ̲Уɫº͵׵ĻúŬЩģ׹Ϻӡ

Сӣԥ֪ýӻǲýӡ
ܰǰСģⲻȼԱʱ֮裬ֻҪѧպҲй⡣
лʦл
Сĺӣֱһ񣬸м
ʱ䲻磬·ɡ˺ģߴٵ
СĿ⿴ǰףоǲᡣ
߰ɣǵŬϽҪʧӳ⣬
СĲˮʹ˵ͷؿ˼ͷѹбˣתȥ
ԶȥӰеˮҲѹֲסһε
ллллˡתд񣬵
ܰǰסˣлǣֻǣô㲻𣿡
ֻҪСܺúõػţ㹻ˡ
˼ѵӦһ䣬ӿϲ̬죬ҵؿ
Ŀĺָ죬һһ£ҩѹƵĲ壬վѳų֣
ҷݷҩ
ܰ̾һŸˣȥ
վ⣬ƾɵĹųǣп֮ɫĶ˸С
ƽƽҸȴҲƽΡ
ʱܰ߳ǣǰ֮˵֣ҵķȥ
Сĵĸûжˡܰɫ˸У
Ѿˡ
ǰߵ֣
ҵҽٸһЩСĵĸ׶һЩӡܰɫĶ
ϲֻҪȻΪ̫źõĴ򣬷СĵĸҲŲաο
ܰ
ţӦ
Ȣң𣿡̧ܰͷʵ
ڡ
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Ὣǰ뻳УҵӣǣպǣԶǣȢ㣬ֻΪȢ㣬ûκԭ򡣡
šܰͷ
ֲ̧ǰ֮۽ǵˮЦǾŹŮӣ׵Ȩӵ壬ҿǺòȢؼҵģҲˡ
ǰߵĵЦܰΪЦһǰˣҪҪúöңǶҲãҾͻعˡ
һЦǣôҶǵľŹá
صУܰȥ׼ߵǰóֽˮĥһһ㻭Żˡ
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774 ̤
꣬ԹѣϰʱΪһʱ䲻֪ô졣
ڣŵŮװŮӣ΢䣬ʮӷ£ùƥǣ֮˳ȥ
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775 
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776 Ԫ
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һԣˮ۾һתŮӵ֣ܰ㣬ҴȥϢ
ðǱлˮˡܰһЦӦ
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ܰ룬˵Ҫ˵ӦԲɡ

ˮ¶ȣʦôִ̤ܰɾΪԼͣڴԲأ
ܰһ̾ܰǰ̤ɣԼҲܳɹ첻ʣκΡ


778 Ůĺ
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񣬿Ůӣ¶һĨᣬ
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á
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ܰиеЦȴҲû˵ʲôȻ쳣ȴҲбʱ
պ˾ţ֮߳󣬿ǰʯǰ̸Цˣشȥ
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ŮƳһۣسЦ
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ʯǰԼһ裬
ҵñ˷УȻ֮ôûиҷҵأ˵ǰɣ֪ˣŮ䲻ȵ
ȿȡ
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һԣܰһǰߺ󱳣һ͵͵Цþûм÷Աˣ㣬ҲֻλŮˡ


779 Թ
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֮أչ֮صأŮܰ󷽣ԶԶظţҴ˿羰顣
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ܰ꿴󷽣¶һĨЦݣֻϵĵ̫أòԼĺ
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š
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ںţǰϤĵؽ磬һĨп˲䰡
أһĵؽ磬Ȼγɣ֮죬Ϊصĵطʱ棬ȻȲ½ȴҲ˼亱
֪ܰ꣬Ϊʲôдĵطܹ̤֮ˣֻһ𣿡ŮĿƹŮӣڵ
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ܰԣͷûٶԡ
߰ɣȥԭ
ǣ֮˵֣űȥ


780 
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֮УԭΪϡ٣ñԭΪʺϾסĵط
ȻΪϡ٣ԭ˼ԭʼ羰ѩ֮µɫ磬
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֪ڴԵƬ̣ЩҪȥȥͻء
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֪˵ĶѸ㣬ղŵ⣬ӦҪܣһ˵ɫ
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룡
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֪ʵΣĺѩĹעܶ飬λ֪ʱҲ޶ˡ
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˵ͷ֪ΪɢᵱΪ̤꣬ɣʱ⣬϶ԣλŮӣԪѾʣ޼
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ܰ룬ͷ롣
ھͶ
¶º֮ɫǣŮӣҪȴǺݺһ
Ů˿֮䣬˿˿ѩ׳֣˴ۡ


781 ܽ
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ǿռ䣬ӰǰУǻأת۱ʧ
ޱ𣿡
ܰ꿴ǰһ޼ʵǿգЦݵ
š
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츮̲ܰµЦ
ЦԽԽˣռ󷨵裬츮ǵǲóûݷһ츮ϵһЩѡ
ãġܰͷͬ
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791 ظ־
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795 ɶ˻
ɽ룬ĺڰڱ˼䣬ɫ⻪һӳڵĵ϶У켧׷ɱ
ھŴ켧λеģȴǳѧʵھŴ켧Ϊ
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š
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һƺߣ͵һģɫѪӿһӰӳƻС
ȼ̧ץסǰֱۣһֻԪǰؿڣȻһѪɽ
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796 Ȩҽ
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797 
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798 
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805 
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806 
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807 ֪
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811 
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ڣֳ򼱴ɾ壬Ȼɽ˫ϼӦɢѳн

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815 ʹ
ʥ֪Ƽˣϲд
չأõ治ɡ³ڵ
ԲŻʱչءƼ͵
Сֵܵѹֻû뵽Ǳչˣϧ³¶ź
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819 ħ
ʥ³һԣĬƬ̺ҡҡͷǸҪѾɹˡ
³ԣüͷ΢΢һ壬ʱôû
뿪·󡣡
ƽûбҪʥǰѣ⣬ҵĵмҶʤʥѡң֮١
³¶пΪٻЩ˽⣬ϧѳɻ飬ʵ⡣
ǰʥʥǰһԻǰܹȡȢĸ֮ȻҪĸԸվҪǵģ£ǿɵãҽﵱѣӦҲһԼòպһӣ˲ҡ
ǰߵĻ³¶֮ɫĲˣԴӵӡʵʵ̫ϧ
֪Ҳûٶվһ񣬵ʥǰ߶ãʵڱǸиˡ
³һ̾ܰ㣬ź֪㻹кܶҪͲ㣬ڡ
ڡ
Ӧһתȥ
ǰ߽ԶıӰ³ɫԽӣ˾ž޵ˣȴܳΪ֮ˣʵЩġ
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һλ̫߳ǰڵ
ѵмֳգѧʣߵزһ֣ԽһҪԭ򡣡³̾
պ󣬷ǣ߼˼һУеʧϧ֮ȷ޷õҪѰƿ̤ϵİ취ˡ
ԶΡ룬ǰһװ꾲Ⱥǰ߹
ʱһȥ
Ŀ⽻ӣƽְǰзأڵл
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ĬƬ̺󣬿ڵ飬ʱͱ˵һЩħĵطĪյħֻ̣ǣԴ֮Һħ̱ʧ˿֪ܲҵͿ컯ˡ
ף룬££ͣȻ𣬵Ҫȴᣬһգᵽһ
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ħҪħԪԣѰħ̣ĿǰΨһİ취ѡ
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Ȼһ˫ӣ֯ŮУһϢ˵ɫ񽣳֣̫ʼ⡣

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һ˲֮׹ǻһĿֲ˲ûħַ̣ؾ䣬ɳˣûΡ


820 еϢ
ħַŵأ׹֮䣬ǳʧɫ
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׹䣬û˷Բ¡¡Ĵ𣬳˳죬ա
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⻯뽣УԽɡ̫ʼ籼Хգ缫⣬ɽ׹
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ǰаʱ֪˶ٴ䣬ǧħУ󷨶ʶѹԽԽǿͷʶѲܡ
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ȫɢİӰΪͨ˵꼫ȻȻɢ
̫ԣŰɫӰɢȥʱֵĺɫһⲻ˵꣡


821 
ǧħУѰħԪ֣ǰ·
飬ɢİУɫϢ֣ǰݡ
ħ飿
ɫأǰƮ飬̧֣˷ӿ
԰ټƵҽУɢΣ黹ء
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谵ϣһһ޴ħӰ֣·ӰڵΪλˣ
Ϊβƽ

ڣЦһԻûǧħߣЦ
ˣ˵ɡ
һħӰԻ侲
ҪħԪħԪ
ǰһõӰӣڵ
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䣬ǰԻɱ¾֣֮ħ


822 
ǧħڣ׻ɱ¾֮죬ֲصꡣ
ɲǼ䣬ȪУһһҺŤֱħԴһٺɫ
㲻ã
һŤһ񶾵䣬ħԴɢ룬ܻȪƣã˲
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ȣԻ³ħǣħǰͷŵħԪħӿħָ
ħ֣ϳȪȻֱ͸ħ꣬ƣԷʮ֮һ
ϷԪǧħУҫǰٴķˣΪδͻԲѪǿȴǸʤǰ档
𺳣ƴĿµħϣǧħ߻Ϊ˼ٻħ
ǵסֹ
ħҪ֮ʣǿһħڣȵ

δ䣬ħӰĨħԪɢ룬ȡһա
ѡħǿʣĻΪϵڻħ֮ǰΪ׼ʱ䡣
⣬״ֻңѪȾҫ
֪
ȻһٲǧħУһ˾ֵĴ𣬷ٲߵػ٣

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823 ɱ
䣬ħɭɭһһħӰƣħӿġ
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824 
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߹δһۣһʥȥ
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ηӿڣ˼䣬ʽȻ෴ײݵĿֲನԭ˲ıò

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ߣϦ£ҹɫʱеǧħڵµʱ䣬ұȫħҪǰ
˵İš
ħΪףһħӦ
ͷһ᲼»Ȫ½ǵطӰ죬ħԪңµʱ䣬Ӧ㹻ˡ
ǡ
ħ
֣ɳ֣ûأһ̣ݺᣬء
ȪµϢתɽԻΧʱռֹ
˻µħɳ֮УħƣϢǿ쳣
ʼɡ
Ŀ⿴ħ
ǡ
ħħԪͷţƥϵħڡ
һǰ̧ԪڣħڣħעĲͬħԪ
⣬ʱһȥ¶Ȼ䣬ţκ˸ı֡
һգա֮ڣħֻħΪٵһս׼ͬһʱ䣬ϣУҡ¥ǰһϮɫõӣڵ
ɽˡ


827 ս
īţڰ˷ϣɳīŵֵ֮ط
ʱţת۹ȥ룬֮ڣɲ߳ڰ˷尲쳣š
һһգԼԽԽУڿʼһ˿
ħΪףǧħҹ׼޾ħӿħڣ޸塣
ħ󷽣ȼգûħΪħԪ
ӽֹʱգѲ֪˶£ǧħ׼գӽݽߡ
Уĺ£Ѿʵһǿ쳣ħʢ
ڰ˷ϣɫһ£Ϧ䣬ҹһ̣ڣħ˫ɲǼ䣬һɿֲ֮ѹǧħ뱻ɳȥ
֣ʧĿɨħˣл
ħףΪûУʼ˯
޷Ҫİ
ǰħڵ
ħվһϢԨһ˫˿
Ůˣ̫ԣǵûнһپ٣һ£Ҳʧ뾡
ǰħ̧ɫҪ
ħĬú̧֣ͬ˫ɲǣǿ𶯣ʱ꣬˫ٶںϡ
˫ۣɢȥΧȥ
ϣɷ𣬻ΪԻûɽ
سǣ³¥ϣ¥µೣɫ멼˵ľʧȡ֮ǾǿߵĲʡ
𽣬¿¥һξͲȥˡ
ã¥ڷԸ
ǡ
Ӧ
¥¥µȺ򡣡
⣬ƹţ
֪ˣȥ
¥ӦһչһϵľУŷȥ
һ¥ٴϣﰲ裬Ӻ󣬷²ˮʵԳ𣿡
š
¥ͷԣ־õˣ룡
ףһͬȥ
ǿ֮ϣһţ˳ȥٶȿԱϡ
ݺӣ·գ¥ͻȻͣ£ڵԵȣһӦÿ쵽ˡ
ͣ𣬵ǰ𣿡
ȷʵҲ˲
¥ӦĿ⿴ǰˣҲʶ£Ȼˣɡ
䣬ǰǿУսһ۳֣ϣŵӰͷ߹ڣڷһװӢ䡣
¶죬
֣û뵽ôǱּˡ
Ųһ̤Ӱǰ΢Ц
һ̾û뵽ǰһܾͬˡ
ƺܸܵǰ֮룬ЦЦ֣Ȱ˲ĶԹ£ɲˡ
л
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£¥ǷµľǮ׼ʱ
һԣ¥ڣ΢Ц
ԣĿƹӦ¥뱾֣ɻûҪ꣬ЩǮ㵱رɡ
µ㣬Ϊֲܽڱ¥ͷϡ¥Ц
ô˵
ЦЦ뱾վ¥¥һ۶
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¥ЦǱ¥ԿһΣǷµľǮʹա
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һĨ΢ɲ֮ɫʵ
ӦҲˡ
¥Ӧһ䣬ӦͲʳԣ᲻һ㲻֪ˡ
֮ɫʧԶǿգ̾δѾͷ
߰ɣǼ·
ܿջһۣڵ

ꡢ¥ͷһͬǰȥ
ǿգӰһת˲֮䣬ʧǿ
ؾһŹ쳣ĴϣΧ󷨸ǣƣȥ
ʮպӰִ⣬дӲ̫϶飬ƽǴǡ
ϵ󷨣Ӧǵľǿ˵Զ꣬ɷơ
¥ʶɢɨǰϵ󷨣ѵ
ֶ󷨺ͽƵ裬ƿҪã
꿪ʵ
ʱ
ʵʵ˵
ʱ㳤ʼɡ
УѿһɫӰ߳ڵ

¥Ŀƹ˺Ůӣ£þò
߹һ񣬿þò
֮ǰã˫ֽӡȪӡǻ󷨡
仯ܻĬ۲죬֮ɢȥһԻȪӡǻ̴
ʱǧεݱ䣬󷨱仯һһؼУʱɢȥһ󷨱仯ǰ֮䣬̫ʼַ档
һնԻޱȵײϻ̴¡¡뼫ΰͣؾ᰺Х﷽Բ޶ɴꡣ
Զ¥߼״ɫɫʱīŵھӾȻƿ˲Ļ̴󣬵˾̾
󷨺ͽ裬Ѳκˡ
󷨱ƣؾڣһλλǿϾɫڣ׷׿ǿշ¶𺳡
ǧǵһ˸ʽϲ󣬾Ǻӣ
ϣӰһһǿ󣬵ǿ죬ֲϢÿһ·֮ˣϢգضúڰ
īŵھӣ¥
֮ϳֵˣɫһɫ߲߲ƣǰ½дˡ
λ¶һ󣬱ɡ
߳һڣ̫ʼϷƱ䣬һһؽ⼱ۣ﷽Բ׹ա
졣
һʢһĽأսֿʼһưƥϴϣ޶߽⣬һѺ۳֣ݺӣס
ؾУڶǿδӦһҺ𣬷׷ױⲨ׹Ԩٲ
һ֮󣬲ڣλ̫ϷӦӰգΧԪ𵴣ǿϢӿ𺳡
¥Ǵˮˮ֮٣Ϊ⣿ǰˣڵ
Ī֣׼īŵھӿĳԾܾҲܽƵ⡣
¥¶ЦݣӦ
ﬣ
һǰһϹտȻ񽣳֣ҫ۵Ĺ⻪ڣ쳹أδһȴǱ̬ȡ
󣬺ǣ
ЦзδʣХ죬ر仯
ãܺã
ɫ£һǿϢ֣սһ


828 ս
ؾϿգ֪Яǿλǿǰһս񷾡ʧɫ
֮˼䣬طֿһ޴Ŀռֳ֣ˡ
ս֣ʮλ̫ϼǿ֣գǰˣ¶ɫ
սʼճ֣Ϲҫ䣬£˫ƣ֮Ի
һԣУ֣ͬݺУʣǿѹϯ
֪ΪףڽϢֻˣȴؾƣȻ
ǰʮλ̫ϽǳɫǰЩбտ½һѪս
λ㽻ɡǰһڵ
ʮ˱㽻ڱ¡
Ŀɨһ۲ʮλ̫ǿߣƽ
л
Ӧһ䣬Ӱ·ȥ
ߣ룡
ɫһ䣬Ųһ壬˲ǰߡ
ĶǱ
У֮ϣ̤ὣնգǰ·
һ˲Ļᣬ¥Ӱ·ѰҴеĿꡣ
ᲹΪУ
ǰ·裬ɫԽѿ
б֮£ǾԲ㲹󡣡국
֪
ɱһ壬ǰ֮ˡ
һߣʮλ̫ҲˣǿϢӿǰ·ˡ
֣ʣϹȻһһѹǿ𺳡
˼ǿߣ澳۷壬ֻһľǿڣһ֣Х졣
ʮλ̫Ȼһײ˽ϣʱޱŭ˿Хݻǧա
󣬰߾˿ûгֵļ
ʮһһϹҫ񽣻նһƬƬռ֮ٶ޸
ʮеĽ֣ʮλ̫ɫ𺳣֮侹Ȼ˿ռϷ硣
Զ赲սͬ쳣
ͬ˼۷壬֪Էʵɶְ𺳡
졣
սУΪ֪̤裬춯ΪƱ
ɫ΢Ԫڣ䣬ҡض
壬Բ棬Ӱʽط̣¡¡𶯣ҡ졣
ָ壬ʢһһʽ򷨴١
ս֣һʼȣ·¥벹һǿϢӭϣ԰ټƣ赲˽Ų
īŵھӣ㵱ôĵӣᲹ
֮ǰһǰˣ
ʮϢʱ䡣
¥˵һ䣬ǰһľг֣ҫ۵Уǹַ棬ǿϢ𵴣Ȫ·
ۻƥȪռ伱̶쳣
񡢽ɫ΢䣬ֺȪһ
һ価¥лȪ⻪𣬷âתɨǧ

ƺ·ĲѳлȪ֮׷Ⱦ졣
񡢽¥ǹ˪ɢǧɷΧ˲⡣
˪ᡣ
һȣرֻһ˺Ѱʹرһ˲Χңˡ
ѩѪڱɢ俪ಹǿ߷׷Ż죬ѳ֡
񡢽ͬܲһģϢһȡ
ߡ
ʮϢ¥һǹУɢѪУǰ·֡
ףӰһ϶
δѾͻΧĺ£ת˲Զȥ׷
սУ¥ǰλǿߣǹסȥ·һ˵أĪ
赲벹ǰУͻȻͣ½ŲĿ⿴ܣɫ¡
ؼ䣬Ĺһɹǿ쳣ϢգƲ˼䣬ңԶĵ
ˡ
΢Уˡ
ÿжеĵ̣ù⣬Ҳÿǿĵơ
䣡
콵Ẕ̇û谵ܵɲӦ˼ҪĨȥ
¡¡Уѿľ֣һɹϢӶΪϣס˴
һ̣ľ򿪣ĵŹϷε߳мˣΪһֶɱ
λ澳۷壬ÿһλڲ˼ǿߣϢƥȴִһԵֻ̤Ϲ֣Ѳ˼䡣
˳֣һգԻ˫תԪɷǿ̫ͼա
Ķһɲǣ졢ɫ⻪Ť̫ͼתжΣƻ
񡣡
˷棬Ųһ̤˷ӿһͷɫ˲仯Ѫɫ裬˴Ŀ


829 
ؾսȺȣĴսλǿ߸չܣϲ󣬷졣
ƣݺ˿ɵУˮݣʮ̫֣Ȼȫ汻ѹơ
һߣ赲忡˫ʽ˿ûǿ粹һ֮޷Ƭ
ϣ¥Ȫ֣鿪·ಹת룬񡢽֣ܴѵȪ֮
սλǿ²󲿷սΪ֪ᡣ
ǰвͣ£λŷߴӹľ߳һϢת벽̤˻Ȫ
λ澳۷壬ֱɱϣɡ̫֣ͬǿ̫
Ϊؼ汸ս𹥷̶ƴ
Ǽһɫ⻪̫ʼɻնͼתӳ˫֮
ת죬ɷۻ̫ʼתȻһ˫ơ
濹⣬ŭУҫ۵Ĺ⻪𵴣ನХΰХڣתؼ䣬ɽ׹һ١
һƺһ֮λŷҼӹۻ¡
ޡ
˫תҫڽǣ֮˫
Ȼҡҷؾ¡¡ѳм佻֮
ʽϿա
ضһԪɽɷȣ˫ɽնգնĹŷߡ
ƥɷӣŷԪϣɽ

һƺߣŷ˰벽ǵӿǰˣ¶ȡ
ѵֱۣ²ʳķתʱš
½
ŷ״οڣɳƵ
λҲͣΣͬķλ΢
˵ĵˣǶǰˣٱʴ
ΪػĻţֻͬܵˡ
䣬ʢͬ˫֮ϣɫ⻪죬ƣ춯ء
ԭ
һԭ޾ķڣ£ս־𺣡
λŷԪκһѹ£ֵ
ڣԪӰ죬Ȼ޺ۣ޷ɵɫʱøӲϡ

˺벽˷ӿ֣֡
𶯣ܵҡҷֳ֮ס
һ˲ս󣬰𵴣λŷɳŻ졣
ನģǣһѪ£ǰ
λȵǿߵϹ֣ǿҲȫ´սನ׶Ⱦ졣
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֮ϣµĲɫ䣬·ս֣¶𺧡
սз񣬸ǿ𣿡
У׹ݺᣬӰӹɱ˿ڡ
ع񣬷ƵȻһ
һһ𿪽λ̫ϣӿԶս֣һĨɫīŵھӣȷʵøˣҪһжԶأ
ͬһʱ䣬һּйУ¥һˣȪǹأɢһλλѳըѪꡣ
֪¥һ졣
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Ȼһ׹£´Ӧѣɡ
¼ӳ֣֮ˣ¡¡УʼֹѣһһһٴĿѪ
״Ӱ˲ǰһնͷ­Ѫ糱

ʧȥ˵ֵ֮׹£λ߳ܽʱѪȾȫ֮
ѡֵһ̣ע˽֣·ɡ
գ۵ļ٣ѹȪ;ӭѸ֮ˡ
񣬽صĵӰɳ֮У˭޷Զѣվ鳾
սؾУһλλǿ¶𺳣ǰһĻ
ľ澳۷˼ǿߣû뵽λϴ̫ϳ֣Ȼȫս
ˡ
һ˲䣬ؾϼһҫ߾Ŵ磬Ų㣬ÿһϣһطҫŶĿĹ⻪صԴϢ

ܵԲµϢꡢ¥ĿͬʱϼгֵľŲʱɫ¡
ϣ΢΢
֣ڣˮʱóһ˲֮һĴٲ׹£ˮѹλߡ
ϣ񽣻նȻһɢǰˮ١
һߣͬԪӹ١
֮УʵѰ̿ɱȡ
ս֣¥һһΪ١
һս֣ɱĵλã緱ǣ˫ԪڣԻչ졣
ˮ𽻲Х죬վײֲ¡
δ𡣡
Ѫ΢Բս˫ѪˮнӴ󲿷ɼ
ϣһ˻Ȼɢˮ٣ֱֱײʵ
춯صУɢΣ֮ϣһط𲻶Ϣ𵴡
һ˲֮Ӱɿ죬Ѫ⻮ʣضնһѪۡ
Ȼ׹䣬Ŵȴͬɽصһ̣ǧӦ䡣
ɳӿϯܴٵĲ󵽴ǽһƬ٣Ŀꡣ
ǰûѪȾ˫ۣĮӿŲе̣Ҳóˡ
žĺ磬ȾѪɳһʱùԶսڶ˷ȴǰЩļ¡
ˣˣ
ǹǽŲһϢ֣ת˲֮ɳʧĴ¹λһ಼߳ͨϢ༸ɲͷ·һѰˡ
ͣսɡ
赭дһ˿вȻɲǣضҲκ
սУꡢ¥ͬʱеΧ֮ı仯̣֮ӣٲС
ڳˡ
¥Ŀ⿴ǰ಼ӣ
ϣҲ⻪ǲĵ
ǰһɫȷǲǵľ
֪
ƽ˵һ䣬һתҪ׼ǵľȽպȫˡ
սģǰӣɫҲһӣأ֮


830 
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ǰδеѹһ̤ͷؾڣ΢ҡ·ԳⳬԽ˼
£
赭дƽȴͬɽһԴϢ޷𣬸ɱ֮
ս֣ꡢ¥𿪶֣ɨԶսеĺˣһ˿֮ɫ
ʱ޷ܵ
һһƽʤֻ
ְɽҫȫǣơ
ԣ㡣
̧֣ƽӦ
ȣ
һȣԪͷ飬һͷѪɫ裬һһ˷
״ȫۣһһɳؼݺᣬɫ
˲ʧӰٳ֣սѿȻһն䣬Ӧѣݵɡ
ߣ磬ٽ棬佻档
˼侹ǿߣñˣ
ƽʮУ죬ԪΣҫҫףನ٣󲻴档
ȫͿ֪һսﵽǰδеĸ߶ȣ磬ǣӰž޵Ľ
Ȼ֮ڶط򣬽Ƽ֮У٣
һȴü䣬ᣬƼκƵ֣ȫӦǰ˾޵ˡ

һַּӰһĨѪ˺ٲһأסΡ
ѪأӰٶߣǰߣԲµ򣬽籼ףҫ緱ǡ
֮ǿ죬ǿƽӽһ˲䣬ⴥ֮ߣнƿɿ졣
Ŷ
ɫӰܿ⣬ɳؾԽ졣
飡
ӽ֮ϣһնǿӾΡ
һѪĿк죬ұѪˮ£ɽ֮ϣ˴Ŀ
㻹ᣬٹ꣬ԳԽᣬǣڵ㣬ǱĶ֡
ǰˣƽ䣬Ჹ󣬱һ
ˡ
ӣҫѹƣ˫ǰ֮ˣڵɡ
ڤ粻顣
ɫ£һ̤˲ǰ级ˣȻǰߡ
ɺٵԪһ춯صľ𣬺󣬺µħӰ֣˿˼С
ħ
ǰ֮ˣɫһ˫˾еơ
ѪϮ졣
ħг˼䣬ħӽѪɫϯնΣϮǰߡ
ƵѪ棬Ȼһ˳벽ɢȥħ棬£þħԪ
ʽк졣
ħʽѪ;
˫֣ͬȻͬʥķˣħħ˫˲
һ˫Ƶ˫ನɳˣ췭ظ
һ֮˫ٶһһ죬һһȣħпţ侲飬ϣͬһʱ侹ǿƽս֡
У䣬֪˫Ԫϣưƥ
¡¡𶯣쳹ħǿƵУϣǿ粹һҲҴ⣬Ͷ㣬ȫӦԡ
ս֣ꡢ¥ܵԶȵսнɫ
ǵľ
󷽣߿ڣ
Զˡ
µǣ˲ЩԪϹ֣Ѫֵʢ㻹δȫ̤ľսҲӦüΪӽ
һߣӽǰ⿴Զս֣ɫǵ֮ɫ
ս֣ǿߵµ¥ܵǰԽҵս֣лȪâʢһǹ𿪵·ĲһӰ֮ȥ
һս䣬෽Ӧ¥ս֣ۻԪۣ

ͻȻĹƣӦæУһƺߣȾɳ
˲ᣬӽն£ϼݺᣬȻһٶն
󷽣æ񡢽ͦǰֽӽʱƺһܲᷴɡ

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ؾ˫֮սԽңӶľĲһˣΪֲ𺳣ÿһнǻ֮һƬһƬռڱ޸ֻأס
˫Ӱ֮ɷӿȣɱ¾ԳһնƷ򣬽Ʊˡ
¡¡׵ľѹ£˫ǽܴɲԹأ侲ַ
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ӽӭϣźȻһ죬˳죬ѵǧɡ
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ıԶսУ¥üͷһ壬ǵ治ãŮʵʵʱ
սپ
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ͷƻʱ֮ϣױȵѹϯʮ
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г˼䣬ںϵ֮⣬Ψпõľ˲漰򣬽𺳡
ս֮УиУԶգɫʱ˿˵ľܡ
ħǧᡣ
һ˿ᣬħħӿʽ˼䣬ӿ޾ɫ׹ݺᣬնն
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ܲ
죬Ⱦ£ɢȥನӽ£˫Զϣûκκۼ
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ħףһ̤죬ħ֣ɲǼ䣬ħΰӿ˷ǿҡ
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ħ̧֣˫ȭ֮֮ϣһſŴǻӰ֣ÿһŶӴ𺳣ħʽ־Ϊ
׹ĩһľؾҡѳħ
֮٣ٲϿգɫ΢䣬Ųһ̤գ˫һΪӲ׹ǳ


831 ľ
ؾϿգǳ׹֮٣ĩ֮ġ
Σϣ˫˻壬˷ӿӲӻ֮١
޽ӽľľǿȫ֣κӿ˷һһ˳ʣ׹ǡ
¡һֲ޵ľ𣬴ǡײοХڣ˲ɫ콵˼䡣
ֻؽ١
ǳֻֽ֮٣ħ˫֮䣬ǺӾƥǳѹ¡
֮ɫҲ죬ֻء
ħʽǳǧգؾ֮ϣ˲ޣһ޴ĺǻֲ֣ļ¡
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842 ı
֮ϣ罣򣬾λǿ߸ԷֿŽȥ
Źرգ޾ĽϷȣǿ쳣ѹ˷ӿþǰеĲԽѡ
ǰУһϢͿϣвĽϼ⡣
ͻȻǰУۣһɫȹٻӰԻǿ쳣Ľѹת򶼱𿪡

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845 Ʒ֮
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ףҵףڣ𣬽쾪׿ս֡
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ʥ³ϣĿ⿴ŵ⣬һ˼Ĺâ
£ҵھ̫ɫͬɫīŵھһθ̫⣬Ϣʵ̫𺳡
Ϊʮһ֮֮һ֮˱κ˶Ĵ̵ǺεȵĿ£īŵھӱֳʵǸܵв
ʥҵھ̫Ŀ⿴ϵӣ
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ÿ˶Լܣ׷̫񣬴ѡ뿪ȷģͬʱҲǸһʾϾ˭Ϊһ󣡡³п
ҵھ̫ϵͷˣٶҲã뱱᪽ˣվڱףħĽա
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һ̣֮ϣһĨӰ֣ǰܵӰ¶΢Ц


872 Խʥ
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սģߡ֯ŮףȪ
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بųУݰ飬ɱԽԽʢʥ࣬񳯾ɱ
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ħǰ˼ʶֲ֮ʵʹָֻ˵ʮ֮һԺɨڵ̡

Խʥǣٳǳ׷ʥ֮ˣǰ𾪣׷ʡ
ϣ߳ǰ׷Ǳ쳣Ĺѣ¶ֻ֮ɫȴ˿ûгְæ˼
ѵĵԣ˭µıһܵı¸˫硣
һﻹ쾳㷴ԼңԼôֵǿҲûץסСӣû뵽겻һºܵıּˡ

оϤǳɫһĿ⿴Լ󷽣˺¶ϲ֮ɫ˵̸ı䷽˹ȥ
󷽣һԽʥ񽫼״£ǿߣ
ʥʧλԽӰӹǰһ֮䣬ȥǰ·
ǳŲһ٣Ŀ⿴λԽӣڵ֪æ
䣬󷽣λԽŲԶˣ¶䱸
λǼֻ·ѣ
Ц˵һ䣬˺һЩ룬ռǰ˫
֪үģ
ǳԣһ㶣Ƭ̺عŭ


873 ֮
ԽʥǣߴΧ׷ǳƽţһ
ս⣬°׷ӰЦݣ۾Ʒչ
ǳʥǰȥݹȲ
ߴ֮ףһλӿڣ
붼룬ǻȥǸͷƬǵɵ𣿡
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ͻȻǳʹһδüӱ㱻ֱֱ˳ȥȻ֮ϡ

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ȥɣԽƽ
ǡ
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ߴУеߣΨһŮ񽫿ǰˣŭ

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ǰסǰ߼򣬽ߣʵ㣡
ǳԴ鲻Ըرųǰȥˣûܵ²ˡ
֮ϣһ·龰ЦЦ֪ΪΣһԱͳĺá
ԽʥǱԵԽĿ⿴ǰˣעãڵлûвʥ֮¡

ȭһ΢ЦԽһֱûлüһȻ鴫

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š
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˵΢΢ЦЦ˲ëȻѣ֮ҲĴεˣȥһ£ҽҲʲô𣿡


874 Ԩ
Խʥǣ໨Ʈ㣬УһƬĿ֮ɫ
԰С鿣ӰУͤ⣬ġλ񽫾Ŀ⿴ͤ°׷ˣɫмɵ
ͬΪǿߣȻΪΣǣߵֱǣ˺ǿڳ
ӦǵһԽǣоΣͤУԽٲྴ
˼ɾԴ
豭֮ԣӦ
ϲá
Խһ໨裬ԽشƫԶǶҲǶжţһȻȲ

ЦЦΪҺ˵ңҵǸΪһЩ
ԽһЦΪۼΪʵ紫һǷǲֶӯվͲǳˡ
ЦλȻƲȴǶ֮ˣ͵߹ʥӦֻǽãĲ
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ЦʥʧҲǳλˣϧǳСӻ֪ߵغ˾֡
Խв豭仰˵ˣǳ϶ҲѿһȦףΨһĻᣬò

ȭһ̾
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֮ǰԶսƸʱҪƺû뵽̶̰꣬Ѿǿˡ¶֮ɫ
ĳɾͣһյ̸ֹΪԵһ콾ۣʱգ˭ǵλֻһλ˰ˣĪ˵¸̵һЩǧϲмܼ˵ǼʺͿ־Ҳ۹⿴ˣЩ˺죿Խƽ
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ΣʱҲһС
Խת񽫣Ⱥ֣ǽǳû͵ʥԿ˵ͣǶӡǷܸĹۼ֣ͬǴǰȻܹǳҲӦһȻ˴Ҫܷηʡհɡ
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ħǰһϮµİȻĮؿԶɽʥ˾֮ѽӵһα빥·ţ潫޴档
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ᱧǰߣĿؿһɽеˣҪߣǲ
֯ŮȻɫһҪ֣ͻȻǰһѿ֮壬Ծʾ
Ӻݺһʲôʱ
ɽ⣬Ż˽Ųһ̤Զȥ
ȥʥ˾
İǿߣǿ𾪣֯ŮȻѹвӰʧҹɫ֮С
ħʥѹ쳣һϮɫõĽڵУĿ⿴ǰصˣһĨ
λħǧħˣȻ˾ߣǻк
֯ŮȻͷһ仰Ҳ˵
Ѷ֪ټƽãѹŭ⣬ڵϸλŮӵ˵
֯Ů̧ͷʥ˾λŮеĽλ
ԣüͷ壬ֵ̧ϣĻԻ뵸Դ

֮󣬽߻ɢȥĻڵǰǿչ·ϣīŵھһλŮӱߣʱ˲СĲǵģӦþ
֯ŮȻ¶𾪣ôܣǰŮĬĬ꣬ǿˡ
ؾȣڶ࣬ôһЩˣǷǳɶȣŮһ
ƽ˵һ䣬Ŀ⿴ǰˣǾƣħȵЩͷˣ֮Լ̳·ɽ


909 
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Ӧòᡣ
ǧ񶨵֪飬սҲᱻħң֪Խضкֻ֣ǲ֪ˡ
ħأս֮󣬱㲻ټҲûκν֪ЩʲôһսΪʲôü
˳ĬҲûΪ֪īŵھӵݳս죬һսܾ˵Ľ֣֮⣬κջ
룬֪֪Ϊλд˾ˡ
ʱ£һֱĬԵڣΪѰ˵İ취
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λע⵽ս֮ʱ֪ǿתʽ֪߷˼٣׼˵ñܲһвŶԣ˾٣ֻһͣǹΪ֮͵
ȷʵܡ
˵ͷǣΪҪ
ˣɫͻȻһ𣬷Ӧַ
̫ðˣ
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һ֪̾飬ֲǲ˽⣬¼ǻԵǲܵġ
Լ𣡡
ǧңôҲȺһжô𣡡
ǲΣǲ˵
棬˵ˣǻô𣿡
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ˣ˵Ҳãǻ취ҵ֪ɣħȻиž죬ֻҪѰħ֪Ƿȫ
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ʵǲ˵ġ
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š
ͷȥͲŸλ̸ˡ
˵꣬ûٶͣˣһƫȥ
ҪٿˣѾͷ˼뱾Ծ֪ϣҪ˵ˡε
˵ͷȷʵر仰û˵ߣһ۾ܿҪȥκõĽڡ
ƫյķУѹ͵Ŀִʱ꣬ǰСŮʱһϤ
ǰ˼·ţܽȥ𣿡
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Żס𣿡ҭʵ
ס
ҡҡͷӦ


910 սǰϦ
򽻽磬һĴ½½ʮΡ봣ֱǿա
ʮУڣʮ޹̿ħҵճ䣬һգִݡ
һսŷŴһħͳһһԴһ̣롣
Ȼ˶޿κεǣŸ𼸺ǲת飬ħλÿһ˶ǿߣħν޼᲻ݡ
ǣĴ̶ħܱûдȥħԽԽ󣬽ʱ˿ɵǧĿ⿴ˣ
֪ڣˣֲܱ¶ݣʵޣֻӦħλǿ˵ħʮִķ㼯ǳٶˣҲֻǱˮн
ˣǾӷű𣬷ôõŬ񲻰׷ѡڵ
ǱλٶȼޣʵڲΪܼʱ
λǷ̫٣ϻеħλʵʤǰǲ֪λǷսǶλޣԷһӦ
ʵҶ֪ľƣɳλ޽̫ĸı䣬ԣҲ鱩¶̫ʵɫ
˽̸䣬ƫУλȥơŮģŮӶڴϴϥ̸ƻ֮£һλһλʷͬڡ
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ҲСһ㣬ţУʱʦҵһˡ
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ѾͷϵϢϲ¸ɾ·һ۾ܿ͸
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ѹ֪ðţ˰ţȷõİ취ǣȴҲпİ취
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˾죬֪˵ں˵ĺȴɶҲ֪
λϵݾôɽһսİţλʲôپ鼴ɣҪȥɽһˣŽ˳ѰһЩ⡣
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á
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á
һЦǲҴʦСʦڣҲҺٻһˡ
˵䣬ǰٶԽԽ죬ɽҲԽԽ
ԼһսѲϵɽĴδħҵľΣһսҪ
ɽ֮ϣҹ˫ۣŴλŮӣϵ˫ɫ

ǰһǰһš


911 ĸ
һ𣿡
ɽϣеź󣬿ʵ
ڶޣʵ
ڤһν𣿡ɫ̫ྪȣʵ
š
ͷձݴصǿͻ߾磬ȴҲΪһƽմȾ˰ɱҵ񲻵ýѡ
ԭˡ
һ̾ɱ˭ʸУʩ֮£Ļȫϡ
л
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ͷǷߣǰڤ磬ʱûзǿߣʱգ֮϶ྪ˼ķǿߡ
ıˡ
ϵ¶һĨο֮ɫ׵ɽ𣬷ŴȴܶϣǷŵˡ
Ҳһ⣬̷ڵ
ԡӦ
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磬з磬ͬڤڵ߾һ㣬ͬƵľ磬Ҫ˼䣬ܡʵش
ľ֮ϣĿԿǧ𣿡
ʣӦΪλȥܰȻ˵ԣǱĿԣ俪ƵĻͿʩܲҵˡƽ
лûʲôˡٴ
ӣҪʲô
ʩԱߵѾͷ¶º͵Цݣʵ

ɵǰһܰ㣬Һʱܾ߱ԴҪʦ
΢΢һЦ֮ģõĶСҲżصĴߣһʧܿһλ֣һʱ䲻ᳬӣ֮ԻûоѣΪ廹޷ߺѵ²żԽʦ¼õʦİżɣһգߵĹԻ˼䡣
֪ˣллӦ
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뿪Ŀ⿴ɽǧӣڵǣ뿪ɡ
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պ󣬱ѩ⣬ٻӰ⣬ͣΡ
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˵㻰
˵㻰ѩУ
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ӦһؿһǰѩеӰǰһͬȥ
ʮպ󣬷ɽ⣬ʮִζ·ħһսƱس׸ɽ
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֮ѲתΪħƣĸ


912 
տգ£䣬ɽϿգʮħѹ졣
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󻤷֮ףȻ̧˻طԪϯ֮ҡǳ쫷ѹ£ء
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ս⣬֯Ůһ䣬ֽߵˮַâν
ֵ̧ȻһǧؾմѣӲǳ֮
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˫һ˲⣬һ𣬺ɫĵâնգ˵һĻ𺳡
У̧֣ȻµâԪâӦ顣
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սģƵħ棬Ȼ֮ԽսԽҡ
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սֿ֮ʱԶ졢ϼٵħڶХʼ쾭𺳣棬һʱǿסȻŲ
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֮ѷ˵ķˮ֮չΪڳħɫһĿⲻתƹ
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ԶžħԽ޾ʱգһ˼佻棬ɲǼ䣬ĿҫĿյҹ

ϣһƺ𣬷ҫħǧƵħɢʧؼ䡣
ħ棬ħڶûڣˣȾ죬شһ
ʮħ֮ףһλϼɫǰߣһлһУߣ㻹ܵУ
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ʥħƵħӰٶʧħ֮ǰһѪʣ·ͷʥ޻ڡ
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ԣɵ࣬һѪԪһ˲֮䣬֣֮ڿգٿһ硣


913 
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ͷֻӹʱǧ֮⣬һӷǧˮ«׳֪ǰţԻá
ˮ꣬磬ظȪ𶼲֮أˮ䣬ɽ

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ͷвǷΣӹһ٣ĵǿԣħڽɽɽǧҲʱԼ٣շؽǱ
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Ⱦӯӯһ΢ЦؽǴ󹦵£һɹõĹº֮ľ
ûٶ˵ʲôơ
ӣڽİţûҪ𣿡Ⱦ
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ѩУһ֮
Ⱦɫ˵ͷҲûʣӰȥʧѩ֮С
ظ½Уλδع飬ڣͰǰһӣȥۻҡ
Сʦȥɡһ㣬һ˵
ǲҪˡ
ҡҡͷвԴ壬ƹ̫þͻḴԭ˺ˣȻͻǹȥġ
Ŷ
Ӧһ۾ǰˣСʦΪʲô㿴ȥһҲżɽأ
ΪɽĽ޷ı䡣
ʦȻǣȴܣڣɽѾˣħҲֵúȥ
ԣɫһ¶֮ɫ
˽̸䣬ʮϿգ¡¡ǳλһһع顣
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۾ؿˣȴ𰸡
СѾͷڴĿ⣬ǧһ̾ڵɽˣħش
Ŀ⾪ȸŨתǰŮӣɫԭСʦʲôֻ֪ʦʡ˵ѡ


914 
ɽ磬׳ħһսѳսħڷɽ֮С
һաաУʮִ룬Ŀħ̱ɽɭɭĿëȻ
շ𷨲ʢķɽѻأʬۣҲյһ˿ۼ
ϣ⣬ƾˣʮħͬħ·ɽݺύ󻤷ֶ֮ܣǿ⡣
ʮգħ뿪벽ؼ䣬նīŵھֲµɱ֣ԽĿ
ɽȻڴˣζһս֮ǰѺīŵھӲ߻һ֡
ȻԸ˴Ŀ࿴
ǼȶʵȻħĴ۳ԤϣҲֵˡ
̧ͷʳ鴫ֻǣѪųֵĴֶܼã
ʥ˾
·֯Ůӽչһڶĺ⣬һ̤գȥħڴˣɷֳǰ󡣡
𣿡
ջĿ⿴ǰŮӣƽӦ֪ȱȻûг֣˵δȬߣҲʲôס˽Ų
ʥ˾˼ǣ֯Ůüͷ壬
ƲᣬǷȬ˵ѾȬظЩ޲벻ǰԣһظλ޶Ȼǰء
˵Ŀ⿴·³ŮӣƽģֻҪе󷨱㲻֣īŵھһ֣Ҫֻʱѣģֻܵˡ
ʥ˾īŵھӺ͵ظǷѾ֣֯Ů¶ǵ
⣬˵ĵ˱ѣīŵھӵĴϻ۲᲻֪ظ֪ͬظħĲ࣬ܵõһλ֣Ȼܾߵ
֯Ů˫ȭ֪߬գԶսͲ÷Ź
ضǣҪΪ׼īŵھӰħ˽ЩУվڱףյĽڳܷΧڡߵȻ
ħʮʱԶ޾ǿ⣬ѩصϣһֱѩеӰվ˫ԶƬ̺ʧ
ַɽڶʮգչɽǰΣʧӰ߳е״ɫ˿
ڣ߿ǰˣƽ˫¶һĨĹ⻪ڵ֪˵Ըɽģ
ħ֮գһʥ˾ԭ򡣡
ǿϧǶûˡƽ
̸֮ʣɽ֮ϣһֱûκζԸɽͻȻʢһɫķ·ɽչֱ֪ǰ
߻ħɫһĿԶԸɽ
Ƭ̾ȣɽ⣬ջϷ·һԶԸɽȥ
𡣡
Ըɽϣһ񣬵
䣬ϣһɫۣ˲Ϣһׯµķ֣߰ɣΰ
ˣʮ겻㲻ͬˡϣ񿪿ڣƽ
̫Ҫɳ
ˣվǿ𣿡˵
֪Ƿˣһܿÿˡش
㲢Ƿˣԭӽ֮ˣҪľǷ£˵ֻһ֮ѡ˵
£Ǵкλŵ壬ǳΪ𣬱Ҫȥ˼һУ֪Ըһ񣬵
ӡ
һ̾ͣʱҲʣ޼޷ʲô㶫պؽɡ
䣬ɷ񽥽ɢǹһûǰڡ
ŵͻȻĽɫƬ̺תȥ
ɽǰףеħƽλպٻˡ
䣬ѩϯɢʧ
ڣ߿ԶԸɽ΢΢ǱǷķ𣬵īŵھ˵ʲô
򽻽磬ǧǰӰ֣ɢС
ظʮУλиУ׷߳ǰӰнһ
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˵һ䣬ڵλǰһҪʹ顣
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ڣλһһˣλɽֻħʮգħ᳹ͳһҲ˵ǵսҪתˡ
£ǧ俪ڵͳһħĽŲ϶ͣ£ֻ٣Ҳ޷Ԥһһ򡣡
мңԵڤħӦû󴫳Уԣųڣ𽡢ᰣޱħѡһ򣬵ȷпܡƽ
֪ħһĿޱҪô죿
ǳڣڱޱĽڣһޱʧݣǽڵҲͱסˡ
Ҳ󡣡
ҡҡͷޱ벹ͽһ͵Ī⣬žһսħӦûôѡٴζһϴУֻҵĲ룬ȷ
ޱпܵı᰺ͺ򡣡ǧ
š
ͷͺʵ޼Ҳ²⣬ħһпѡıǺ򡣡
ΪΣǳʵ
Ϊ󡣡
ش󷽲شʵңϴһսѾȷûеľԣħӦòŹһ̲Ļᡣ
˵ҲʲôϢ
ǧɫصʵԶҲ޷ֵħ̫á
˲Լ
£ǳ֪벹вСĶԹαǴ򽻵
ڵ̸۸˶Թʱ򡣡
һԣϼڣħƴμشǣ˽ǣοħһλʵδ֪ħ֮ûг֣ǵʵħ濹⣬Ψһѡ񡣡
Բǳ벹֮ĶԹʱᣬοڰʹ벹򽻵ֻҪܽκζԹպ˵ƽ
ǳһ̣ҲˣζУԲǰΪǴ򽻵Ҫ׼
ס
ͷӦ


915 
ظ½Уʱȥʱع
뿪ǰŲԶ٣ŵˣڵ֪պΣյ²Ҫ
ԣһ¶һĨƽ͵Цݣûаյ飬Ҳģİɡ
ĬƬ̺²ϣԼҲһʲô£飬ҪԼ
ס
ЦЦһסġ
ͷûٶ˵תȥ
˶뿪ƫڣ߳ǰˣºЦƺˡ
ǣ
Цҹ̵Ůͱһ˽࣬Щ꣬ķâѾ˲٣һǵõΪ֮ҹʱǷͱ˵ƣ˻
ʱǿ졣
ǰḧǰ˵ӣȥʲôˡ
ƫУ߳˺󣬸æס˫ۣСʲôûпʲôûп
Цջ֣ϲûʲô˼֮顣
ϲʵһı䣬ҲҪκ
ƫǰѾͷһЦҪƤ
Цɿ֣СܹסǰֱۣɴӦҪúҵģ˵㻰
š
ͷ㲻һֱҪһ𣬽һȥ㰮Ⱦ߹ұȥ档
ԣ۾һģ
ġ׵
ھȥ
Ӧһ䣬ɿ֣ŵȥ
Ҫȥʵ
βʲôΣգѾͷʶҲáӦ
аħھڻڷɽ֮ϣǷδ֪˵𣿡
벻ţɲǡ
¶һĨ΢ЦħһҪĲǺҲҪòţħġ
˼ǣҪòԼʵ
ͷڴ˲²ħһǰսϣķ򣬲һõĶǳɹĿҲܸһЩ
̫ˡ
ɼε
Сıá
¶һĨ͵΢ЦҪҰæĵط˵ڣҲˡ
ͷ֪ڻҪ֣㰲Һܿͻ
š
Ӧ£ȥɡ
ҽ赽ˡ
ʱǰСܻŴӶߣ
ȥɣѾͷȼˡ
ŵСѾͷżģһЦ
ӦЦЦûٶൢ飬ŵȥ
ǰסǰߵֱۣСʦûиСʦﲻȥ𣿡
ϲĳϣʦȥƭ˵ģ֮ɲܺ˵΢Ц
á
æ˵ͷһԹ㲻˵Ҿһ仰Ҳ˵
ЦҲһ仰˵ǲ˽⣬ԣǻΪ䱸ģһλ˵֪صСѾͷ͸¶Щʲô룬˵컨׹ܸš

öʱһ㡣΢Ц
˵䣬ʮϿգƬ̺߳Ѹٳźȥ
ͬʱħ֮УһĨºڷӰһħ֣˿͸ǳ
ǰΡĴУѾʮδ
󻤷
ǰһλõӰ֣һ񣬵ʥ˾λʮգħ󻤷ǰȥȡ
֪ˣ°ɡ
У쵭Ӧһ䣬
󻤷
֮ͬĻش𣬵⣬õӰ¶ɫٴε
£
ڣٴοڣһΣȴࡣ
ǰõӰһ𣬲ٶ˵һڵǰʧ
ɣºڷӰɾŵ֮ˣһҲ
̧Ŀ⣬ŵ⣬ڵѣȻɿ㣬ЩܸоóĴڣôգ𣿡
⣬Ӱû˿һʮ
Ӧǵظ֮˰ɣû뵽ظǿߴڣħôò˷֣ǵһˣƽ

⣬Ӱһοڣ
ڣԣһЦûܲʱѵõҪĶΪλҪ
ֹȥ
£ӰɫĮ


916 Ʊ
򣬷չᣬ⼫ٻŲȥ
ǰɢγ֣渲޶࣬ȥϢ
ûеľ𣿡ǰϴУʵ
ǰУڵûС
ǵûаʵ
ӦûС
ҡͷǰ벹һսδұ̫֮ǵĲеľڣӷɽħЩ̵ľĿʵãܾ֮ǰĴڹľڻŵĿܣʮһ
˽̸䣬ǰһλλӷˣ¶䱸
ظޣ
£ǰλӣڵ
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ʱǰȥĲӻˣһ񣬵룬λͣ
л
Ӧһ䣬Ѿͷȥ
ǰУʥǰ·Ĳٶһȥ
ʥڣϣ·λˣɫвͬ
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ϣ·ޣƬ̣΢Ц͵ضˣ裡
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Ӧħѹ˷ɽͳһֻ⣬ħҰĶȻֹڴˣһȻ֣ڵĺڣ׼½Ϊڶɽ΢Ц

棬һλ¶ŭɫ㾹ᲹѾķɽԱȣĺڣ
񣡡
ϣֹ̧֣ǰ߼˵ȥĿ⿴·ޣƽΪȷħһĻǺڵĿɲֻкһѡ
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Ŷ˻ü
ڵ顢𽡢ᰣޱĴмҺڤĴǿһʱħѡĿԼڣһ㣬ϰɡʵ
ȷʵˡ
ͷħǿȴҲԸһζϼҺڤˣ᰺ޱΪ£һΪħѡ򡣡
ѡһ͸пܡ
£¶һĨ΢ЦڵħѡкĿܿѲѡһ
˵΢΢һ٣ɷע⵽ħ·ֱִǺˣ
ħһ졣ɫ΢΢£

裬챱ڵһزѣĪΪħֻɺ𣿡
ԣɫȴûлش
ЦЦҲû⣬ħɽȴûгȣʲôأ
챾㲻֣ʲô֮
ˣô𣬻˵иҪҪ
΢ЦЩӣظʮ޿һֱλħһϧһֱδڷɽǰȵˡ
˵ʲôֱ˵ɣαعĨǡɫ
ֱˡ
ƷһڲˮӦ֪ħ֮ˣλһֱû¶ħħʥ˾˵λħ᲻ȣǣδѰζˣħʱħʥ˾棬£˭ţ䣬ħܿϵ棬жأ˵ƿԴ˭أҪ˵ĸ𣿡
ǣ
ϣв豭һ΢·λϵɫҲΪѿ˭ۺ𽻹졢ֻޱЩ֮ƿԴҲֻеĶħϧ󶯸ɸҲҪᡣ
֮󣬲в豭ӹԱŮݹİ׽˲֣ʹԣΪβޱֻڽ̡
ӵȻˣ汿Աߣʱزһ䣬

£һλϴŭȻһİ𣬵ѾͷȻᲹ󣡡
Ŀƹǰ쳤ϣСѾͷֱڿѣϺα˶ŭ֮ǰīŵھӺ¥ֹԪˣѲʲôܣĪΪ˺ħ֪𣿡
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ϣ񣡡
ϣ˵һ䣬Ŀ⿴·ޣ£˵ȥ
˵ͷ¸ĿⶼѷڱɽħϣħʵӦԶԶֹˣʱħصս룬ҪԶħʥ˾˶˷ЧҪõĶࡣ
Ĭ˼ãڵлµѣᲹСķ
¶һĨЦǲײĲᡣ

ŵϲ֮ǴŽ˵ĳǸµĻŻɣֻ˵ϧˣ֪ħħվħǿɲĿġ
ˣһһöɫƳ֣֮ǰ
ǵظڣȻȺĴ𸴣պˡ޷ٵȣʱֻѡˡ
˵꣬ûٶѾͷŵȥ
⣬һڲǿ߿ϵĸȴ⡣
ڣҡͷʾ˷С
λǿм䣬ǰУԽʢʱĿԶȥ
ȥ󣬲ʥλɫһһѿ˵ڷŵظ޵ĻҲûоţеʱǰ˵Щʵʮֲ
⣬˸߳Ȳס˵ֱۣСԴȴ佱
ЦѾͷԴĲ
һЦǻҿǻûǸȥħ
ǵȻûӣԣҪٸһҩʻˮҪҪˣѲ˵㡣΢Ц


917 ҩ
ħһΡУӰǰʮգʼղ뿪
ڣҹˣҲṳ̂벽
ŵˣһһɱ˭δ
Ҫһֱôȥ𣿡
ڣ˫ۣƽ˵ΪԼһֱȥ
⣬ӰŵӰӦ۷壬Ȼ޷ס㣬ȻУ뿪ͬھİգỹеġ
ظ֮Уһķ𣿡쵭
⣬ӰûпڣϢȥһ˿ۼҲδ¡
ҲûʣɱĿˣڣ޷ȥ治̫ãֻҪٻָһЩˣ޷
򽻽磬ǧǰӰ֣ǰȺѶʱ
ַᦳ֣ǧħϢ֣ħϢӿȡ
ˣڵ
š
ħͷӦֽӹᦣ˫Ӵɲǣ以ںϣƻ
СΪϣ¶ݣٴζ
ס
ħĮӦһ䣬ձ仯֮߶ϢҲ֮á
ħȥǰȥķƬ̺˫֣ٶȸԷ롣
ǻȥɡ
֣ɢѾͷŵظȥ
⣬Ųһʧ
ǰͻأûж̳ͣԶƽȥ
Ϊ˵İ취ҵظսƬȱλѡ
򣬷չһţͬʱħӿ֮ף𺳡
ͬΪδħ֮սš
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ħǧħ֣޾ħǿӿ
ڣλǿиУʣ¶𺳡
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ת˲֮ħȭȻһײڲ֮ϣħǧħ֮һȭӦ
ƣǧħӰΪħһħӿ·ˣ
·Ͽħɫ쳣λظˣħһĿȻ
ٲݽңԥŲһ̤ʥϿգһȣޣٻ
һ̣˵һĻʥ󷽣ϼһҫ߾Ų㣬ÿһϣһһظӵķҫŻ⣬ƾ졣
ħ״ӰȷˣħԪۣȫһȭֱֱ
ɫһ߶ǰһ춯صײУ⻪ħΣ
ȻħҪˣ
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ս
񽣳ؾħ߻ӽһ˲ɫն£̣ѳֲȻݡ
Σһٴδ߶ɫ⡣

һʹƺ𣬺ɫ͸ɹ⣬ն£ΪĲѹش
ѪȾʣδɲǣħӰ̧ץŲһ̤ա
·𺳣Ҫּ֣һֲ⻮ʣ
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ַɽǰȻȴգ缴ҪޣɽҲջ̡֮
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ħʥԶһУٶյľ˫ۣһŵȥ
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Ŀɨž쳣ĵ⣬ƽ
ѾõĲˣ
˵䣬ɫһĨźڰеӰ߳ڵ
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ȻˣǱһ԰ɡ
䣬Ӱ߳ϼɣ淭ӿ

ǰеɫԭظͲϵ
¼䣬߳ŵģֻظħ
ө֮ܺԣ󣬲Сѣû뵽ҲħΪС֣г֣պħϯ˷
ħҵ𣬲λ֮壬ܹ⣡
ϼⴹ䣬ħ֮棬ţ


918 
ħһΡƣһǰ˫ħս졣
нַ棬ɫ汼ڣħ
ǰꪵȻһ˰벽ʧ·硣
ս
ߣħٴ߼ԪʱӣΧأħ
˫ħ֮սͻȻħ֮Уһλλǿ¶𾪣׷׿˴ս
֮ǰսˣսһʼ˱㽫ԪޣУ񽣲Ͻ棬Ȼ֮ڶ
бƴΪȻ췭Ԫģۻһƣǰߡ
ħ̤ܿУ棬ն¡
¡𣬵񽣣ǿڵ彻Բ֮ӣϯ졣
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̫ԣظ޲Ǹ𣬴ϲûдߡ˳
벻ǣҪ˼ȻѡħΪУħĵˣʲôݣû̫𡣡ĸƽ
֪Ǻʱ𣿡˿ʵ
֪
ڰУһλλϵӰҡҡͷӦ
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⣬ħһ֮ϣҫƶ׹£ֱϮͬ
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ĿɨǰߣһΣٲ飬᲻
˵꣬ûͣת󷽴С
򽻽磬ħӿħɢظС
ڣиУǰŮһЦȥһЩ飬ܿͻء
ͷȥɡ
ȥɣ
һԣҲģĵ˵ͷ
Цִ̧һСѾͷԴȥ
ǰħ˫棬ĿӣȻ
ǳɹˡڵ
ħͷһ֣ʱһڣƲ
ǰе΢䣬ڣҸȷûеľˡ
ǲ֮ʧħǿδеľ֣Ȼˡ
ʧ˴ʵӲãպֵħҲ̫áħ
죬ǿ֮ĩҪֻһЩʱѡƽ
һ£ħ֮Уи֡
ħڽ֮¼˵һ飬ѵΪ֯ŮͰȻ֮ϣ˼ħ򱻻٣ҪҲûôס
ԣĬƬ̣˵ħǿߣ⣬ϾһλħδħʵԶԶδߡ
ҪӦ¡
ħǰ壬ؿظһĿģ㲻Ѿ˰ɡ
ҡͷֻûйŮκ䣬ֻҪظ֮ԽԽ죬Ůվǵظ־ֻеظļҡ
أ˵Ůʱ⣬ʶƺûлع飬ҲûֻƬʬѲһͬȥħ
һ̾ûٶ⡣
ֻ㣬ĪҪԼʲôǷģҲҴΨһļֵ
ħ˵һ䣬ɢûǰڡ
ڣ߳ŵǰӣḧƽǰƣӣ΢ЦһգǻҵŮġ
Ǹ
ǰɾϾŮӣ¶Ǹ⣬
õǸ
㲻Ƿңʼգ㶼Ƿңֻѡϲ㣬˸ǰ㣬ǷԸңûлشұ㵱شˣĽ죬ҵȵ㣬Ҳһֱȥ
ɵѾͷ
һ̾αأ
ϲ㡣
ǰˣ΢ЦΨһĴ𰸣ôѡ񣬽ҪηҶŬ㡣
˫ӣ֪ΪΣأȻЩٿǰŮӵ۾
ջĿ⣬һЦ㰡Զ˵ѡ
ôκ˶ƱƭˣȴǣһĻԶԸ˵ˣˡ
ĸ飬ԶزУĲԸκ˿
ΪΣˣأ


919 
ɽ磬ϣ⻪ԽԽȻ˱Ե
ڣһӰնһһط뽣⣬һµʱ䣬ħϽȾ죬ƾΪǿǿһ࣬ൽ˾ƣ̡֮
⣬ӰòϤޣڣһλλħǿ߿֮ˣɱ£޲⡣
Уڰݺύ´ķӿ⣬һ˫ӿŷ֮ˣհƽ˿
һ֣ܴظɽʵһͳħµĽŲ˭޷赲
ϣڼ⣬һӰ渲޶࣬ҹɫ£ˡ
λ֮ףһλѪ޾һǿϢϯ֮ɡ
⣬ףˣĿһ˲˵ͷ
ˡ
ڣ߿ǰֵλӰ
ʥ˾˽Ҳǰӭ
λ֮ףǰһ
λظޣīŵھӡ
ɨһ۷ƣڶħǿߣڵλбӦ뽫һˡ
ȷд⣬Ϳʥ˾ǷˡɫĮ
ʥ˾
·֯ŮȻֵµӿɽĿ⿴棬ɫ쳣ڵǣأٵסظλīŵھӵ֡
רصġУߵ
ǡ
֯ŮȻӦһٶʣ
ظĸλѣԺɷѡ֡ǰףڵ
ԡ
λ޵ͷӦ
л
عͷŷնĳŮӣе˸Ρ
ڣħиУ׿ǰӣҲյһ˿ᡣ
УƽؿһĻһԶеļ䣬ѾĨȥڣΨһеֻǴħλ澳ǿɶɱ¾ܣīŵھӵ㣬ʵ̫ԣҲΪθڽ֣֮ȥͲЩֵԭ
䣡
һ̣ϣ޾⻯Ϊǵɢ·֯ŮȻͬʱƿȪʱݺᣬɢ֮䡣
硢ƿ֯ŮӰ·ûȡɽ
һ̣˿٣ɽϣһ̤ɽȻأ罣
֯ŮһӰ۷ߵˮ»ն֣޴âԻתƳĽ
֮䣬ֽ⼫ײ¡¡𣬽ӣɡ
ὣ㻹ʸ񣡡
˵һ䣬һգ̫ʼַ棬Ŀ⿴ԶλޣƽλѣЩ˾ͽˡ
䣬֮䣬һ춯صķ𣬵ڵĺɫУ˷棬󷽣˫֣޴Ļ𶯣ֲԪ֮ɽ
ԶħܵǰвĿƹĮ޸еûκξɫһħԪʱڵ裬ħ󣬾޴ĵſħι
ħħ˵ײսδڵѽһΪҵײ𣬷ɽҡѳֲ֮¡¡ȥ
ս֮ڳÿһ˲Ŀ𾪵ͬʱļ£īŵھӲ˵еһ࣬Ȼ˾˵ʵʵš
ħµһħ
ս⣬֯Ů𺳵һĻҺ⻨еǵĿУȻһ޴鷳
֯Ůսδֳʤɡ
һ̣īǰм䣬ɽˮΧؾɽˮΨһĽ裬̾
֯Ůع񣬿ɽˮӣ΢ֻӹߵˮ¹⻪ƿգǰߡ
Ȼ𣬽ƿһɽˮīӰɢٳ֣ٲ֮޷⡣
ɽˮУһжֻλӰϧԶ޷߳
Уɽˮλˮīʼգѹ򽣾ڵŮӡ
սħھΣʱ֮ϣƾһϵӰ߳ŹŷϢǿ֮
ˣսУȻɫһ̹񣬹ʦ𣡡
ϣλŷУͷƽɡ
ȻĿ⿴ˣڣΪʦǻѵħҪ
ڣڵȵˡ
ɽϿգ߿ǰˣƽ


920 
ɽַս죬ħս֣
˽ħƱ£ǿ֮Ϣطƣ˾ֵѹ
λظ޼״ɫħصڳˡ
߶ߣƽɣ
ڿǰλ޺īŵھӣڵ
λ֮ףĿɨ˺λħһĨ
ˣ
սʧ޵ϣ
಻ԶλͬʱӰ˳ս֡
һߣɫУһ̾һգɷ˻һ𣬻ΪԶȥ
ɽϿգߡڵûƾȥ
ʦ𡣡
Ȼǰٶһ񣬵
֮Уͷûжԣ̧𣬶ʱһۻƥԴԴûǰڣѹơ
Ŀɨսɫ죬һսħʧˣīŵھӺͷɽǷˡ
߰ɣûȥˡ
߿һˣǰȥ
֯ŮħϣԶӰɢȥʧҹ֮С
򽻽磬֮⣬ߵӰ֣Ϊ׺ɢС
˸ϣ֮Ǹλٿ
УһλŮһλƤɰѾͷǰλһһ壬̶ӣɻδֳʤ
ʦǻˡ
ʱӣ
ȥ
ԣӣСǰȥӭ
ǰ̧ժߣ¶һϤݡ

ǰӰ
ǰӭѾͷ΢Ц˵ͷĺߵԴʦҪ̸һ㡣
䣬󷽣λҲ˽ȥɫг
˾죬Сǲģվſ
ڣ߳ʦæҪˡ
Сʦ
ǰŮӣС¶ί֮ɫ
̧ǰѾͷͷ΢Цȥ𣿡
ͷŵŬŬӣסǰ˵ֱۣ¶Цݡ
뿪ڣλ޾λȴƬ̣ǰһӰλ¡
ʲôˣصɫڵ
ħµǿ߳ˡǧش
ôˣе£к֮ü
λ켶ǿأǧ
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Ȳؾš
ףڣħеλڽ֣Ϊȷھ죬֮ǿųԽ۾˵вӦûδǸز
˳Ĭˣǣû֣˭֪ʲôƣǿ߳һλ鷳һγλʵЩ֪롣
ЩԵʿ¶һĨ΢ЦλֻʱѣüչʼʱǱ֪ħʵˣԵľ׼ˣڣħδֵľ׬ˡ
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𵱳ڤ޲ߣѣǸ֪ˡЦ
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ǼϼһһһɣҾͲˣ߸ϼһһֱֿһһ򲻹Ǽ˴һܲ⡣ǧ¶һĨŭɫ
ԣЦôֱ׳˵һҲֻ֪⼸ݵˡ
ЦʲôЦ
ǧӵؿһˣҲһһϧôĶڤĳˣʮһѾɹˣڻƨ
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ϯλʿ඼ѻָϵ΢Цȥڵλһοʵħɡ
ԣɫҲǰ߰š
Ŀ⿴ˣƽһʱ䣬ħӦûῪʼԣǻжݵĻڣ֮أ취ǵʵһսٵĶֺʻӿ¡
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֪ԿǴӽѰǿǰˡ
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˵Ĳ
ǳҲͷӦۻȫǸˣҲ˳ˡ
ҡͷԣ˾˶࣬ΪοⲻħЩʵħһǿߺ࣬ǣħǰнֹûͳһĺֻᱻƣǵȷȱսҲҪϸѡ
һѡͲ֪ܷѰõ£Ⱦ΢Ц
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ϯӣӰǰԶսʵȣӦûһСȾ
ԣ˵ͷŮȷʵӡʵףѰȷʵǰС
λŮ𣬿ɷʵܻ֮ϡǧ俪ڽ
̤֮ɾıλŮֻǣ̫͵ٳ֣Ϊ֪
Ůܲ޷ֻ֤˵һԡӦ
ĺѩأ֪Ϣһ㶼û𣿡ǧü
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£һ̾Сʦõ٣ѰҺܾãȷûκϢҵɡ
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ڤһսУĺѩٶȣҪãδħ档
˽̸ʱ⣬վǰСѾͷʼչһ˿º͵΢Ц
ãĨһѶͷĺˮСǰСʦˡ
һЦ̧ǰѾͷϵĺˮҴȥԶ
á
ʹ˵ͷ
ٴЦЦǰߵֳһƫȥ
ǰõλ߳˺󣬷׷׵ͷ⡣
һһ΢Цû˵ƫȥ
ǰǧ䡢ǰߵıӰԳĬ¼вٴԣСпܻģֻϧ󣬴ԶΪ˴ԣδܳ档


921 Ů
ǣڣһɫȹĺĿҹԼյسʵ
ϷѪɫ¯뵣ǿ֮ĻԪУء
⣬ŵ˲Ѿͷһ˿ۣǵĴˣʧܣ治֪Ѿͷܲܳܵס
㡣
󷽣ϧ׼õҩܳɹ𣿡
̾ҡҡͷϣСǲףҹЩѻвСĲ࣬ϴڼܵţʵʧܣ;شʵʵ̫ˡ
ʵڲУǱȥҹӰɣǷа취ϧǵ
ٵȵȡ
ϵɫΪԸħ֮ǷʱǲҪ
ϧԣĬ˵ͷ

ʱ֮ڣһʹƺ¯ʧأ޾ɫȺƵ
ã
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Ԫǿ쳣ɢˣŮڡ
ˣɫ¶һĨ죬ôˡ
ʱڣ潥ƽϢû¯ָƽ
òˡ
ŮףźŮӣ΢Ц
Ů𡣡
һ񣬵
ŮͷԺĿһĨ⻪Ѿͷ̫ļˣδȫָóȻʵֻԼԽԽء
һ̾һγʵʧܺƱһֱδȬŮҲ֪ԻָѾͷһ龳ԣȰҲȰס
ָ֪һ⡣Ů΢Ц
Ŷ
ԣ¶ɫ˻
Ҳû˵ʲô
Ů¶һĨεЦݣУ뱾ǰȥظһЩæǰ˳ǿһۡ
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Цһͻͷˡ
ŮЦЦǰ֣ʲô£֮˲˴ԭ֪ˡ
Ůа취𣿡ɫ΢

ŮŮӣ̾ǰΪ֮ķ˳ǧԴžȵ֪һû뵽Ż˰꣬Ҫĸɾˡ
䣬Ůһ̼䣬Ĺ⻪ڣһ鼫ӷɳûᵤС
顣
Ů֣һ˿ۣȻ紫˵еʯǰ޸ѾͷӦ㹻ˡ
ǰϢƽȵѾͷһĿ⿴һԳŮ𣬹һ񣬵лŮˡ
á
Ůҡͷˣֻ֪أܲˡ
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ˣ֪ż߱ȥͲˣպȥɡŮ𿪿ڵ
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Ů΢΢ףĿ⿴һ۵Ůӣڵϧպٻˡ
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⣬ϧ˵Уɫ㣬Ůȥˣǲʲô鷳ˣ
ġ
οҹӦ¼䣬ûȥĿ
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ƻָǱȥͷ
𽡢ޱ죬򽻽磬ǧǧǸ£Ȼÿһ֮ϣ̲֮Σ
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½ͻȪİǳΪó˺󷨣֪ǷҲ
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˵꣬תǰ·
Ůȥһͬʧ֮С
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ʮ޵ǰһλλǿһ
У꿴һĻɫλŮĵλǱѰ
λض񡣡
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ȾŮǳһӦõġ
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Ů΢΢һЦĿɨڳˣ鷳ˣԸλʵɨ㹻˳üչ
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Ůߵǰһλ£˵ɡ
Ҳûٽ飬ߵ֮λ£
ʱЩӷϸ˵һ飬ǹڷɽ֮սħ֮£潻
е
Ůüͷ壬λݵ񡣡
š
ͷ
һ콾Ůϧˡ
Ůһ̾˵ڳħĴ󻤷ֳ˸ǿڣħĵ̣˿־尡
µλħδζħƳλħǱԶ޷ħߡ
֪֪˰սЩ鷳
Ů˫΢΢𣬵ʮ룬㲻κˣڰݣʵȴƲСǱɣպҪ濹ħϵ̫ƵҪ˼롣
ԣͷŮԲеЩǿܹ𣬵ǣϿħսȴ̫ˡ
Ͱ¹ŵأȥţźܿлظ⣬󲻾ǰѻţԸ͵ظˣħϸ
󣬺ǣڻˡ
£ǳһЦ֪һοɽӵĲᡣ
Կħ֮𣬺Ȱǲֻܳ²ˡƽ
ڵսҪ֪Ӧа˰ɣŮʵ
š
ףս룬ǱҪħһλҲ뾡׼Щӣħغܿٴսǵʱ䲻ˡ
ס
˵ͷӦ


922 ս
ҹǳ׺ʣǰӰѲ֪վ˶á
׷𣬰£ͷ
ô˯ţ
֪ʱŮں󷽣ʵ
ڳʮ꣬ûмǰϢƬ̣񣬸ˣ֮ǲͬˣǣ֪־Ҫǿܿס
˼Ƿʲô©ĵطһսǹؼκγûлͷӦ
ı˳죬֪ڤˣֻ֮һٽǶڼϡŮ
ҲûҪ˵İΣ
ЦЦֻǾԼŬػϧľѣħв̫ˣ䷢չԤϡ
ĵ
Ůһ̾Σȫ㣬ϾҲǽһԱܽӶѹ㡣
ǱлŮˡ
΢ЦӦһ䣬ͰһĻӦúܿͻᵽʱŮˡ
浹ǿԣ֮˱뻹㣬ħλʥ˾ֻܶԸսпᣬ⣬Ȳڵ˵ı֮СŮɫ
ס
ͷһᾡ
˽̸䣬ҹϣǻһβͣȴתۼš
ŮʧǣƬ̺һ̾ҹȥˣҲЩϢɡ
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зԴ壬䡣
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š
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졢ħĴ󻤷ع飬ڳħ򰵳ӿս𣬶෽Ŀ
ǣħһͳһλλħѪѹһз
һ򾡽ħѸٵõ䣬ʯսԴϴ˷̶̰գħھʵٶһΡ
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ħ֮ʱ챱ϿգƾһӰ쳣Ϣ˲
Ϊ֮ˣһ£渲࣬˸棬Ʊˡ
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ħǰλħ𾪺Ѹٻعء
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ʱҡϣһϮɫع߳ǰֲµľƣ¶ɫʱ䣬ǷɽʮħȼԪλǿߣ֪Ŀĺ԰
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ǳ˵ӲҲںʲô֮κս춼ҪĴڣңԣҪˡ
нڶƿգδ񣬾һѪ𣬼⴩ض

ƺħ֮Уһλħֱֱ׹£Ȼһ֮ϡ
˭û뵽һĻλħĿʱʣɫĶϣ񹭣߲ʹ⻪ۣɱˡ
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䣬Ǻһ⼫ƿնֱλħ졣
ɫһ̶֮ܶ
ǣˣ
űܿ⣬󷽣Ӱ󣬽롣

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924 
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925 
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ǰһӰɢȥ϶ߣ֮С
ϣһ֣߳ʮ޸ԹλԼλϡ
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ŮЦ֪лֲ˵ǰҲٺ
ڴԣǻһЦ㲻ݵҲԵɡ
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927 
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ʥڣܻĽߣǰĻͻȻ飬ѳС


928 
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֮֮ʥʱ޾£˼䡣
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˫ǿ棬ȻһնΣǰؿڴȥ
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֮Ӳ棬ȻУһᣬӲسʷȥ
·֯Ůʤһӹƿն
ϣ΢Ԫ߶ִٵС

ƺѪɽ壬ܴѪˮ䡣
н棬Уսħڽǿǰս֣ɫ졣
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񣡡
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ףĿ⿴߰ӣڵڶ󣬰Ȼ
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ɡ
䣬һԣ󻤷u߳ڵ
ս֮ʱԶһӰԶԶս֣϶࣬ˡ


929 轣
졢𽽻磬ϣսħ𽣬±
߳󣬵һսħʤս졣
ڶսħڶȻս֮ˣǿ
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ظ֣һλ渲ߵ߳Ӱ˲Ϣս֣һϮȹƮ裬Ϣ˾̾
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սϣȻɫ΢ǰӰһ˿ɫ
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ħǰ쿴ǰսеޣһĨ΢ЦһսЩ֣Ȥ
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һƽȻգһϢԨ˿ס
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ȻӦһ䣬ٳɣԪ׿ս֡
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ɲ㡣
̧֣һﶨ죬Խ˼ߵķ̼䣬Ͷᣬ
뼫ĶԾȻһ籩ײֹʱգһƬƬ纮ѣѩ֮ǧ
һбƴʤѷ֣ʱУӰӶƻȭ¡
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ȻһԪз磬һֻأ
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ϣǧǧ򽣹ӹ˲ϢΪһڽɫ콣Ȼһײ赲ķ飬Ƭ֣̽ŷӦ飬ɫ콣۶ս֡
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һȣ֮׹£նħߡ
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ȻϯԽԽ죬赲콣ǰС
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ħּ£Ѫǲħ֮Ԫ

ͻȻɫͻƿһ壬һĨ۵Ѫ
𾪡𺳡ŵһĻ콣Ȼһ޷ţ޷ܡ
뿪ѪӿգȻУһʹĳ𣬽ɫնǿջһС
롢Ϊɢһһ㣬дƬػõĶϴӰȻϷɳ޾ʹ࣬ɢ
ˣˣսƣһ̣ȼյĽɫУһжòҪ
һۣԶԭģԭһ˱
׹İӰȻһϣɳ𣬽ɫ֮Ϩ𣬵еУվ鳾


930 
ϣħ֮սĻˮ֮־Ϊڳˡ
轣һħ֮塣
ħ׹أɳһ棬飬಻һg
սߣɫǾȣ˭뵽ħڶܣҰܵ
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ķ֣ͬңţһʱӸӡ
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ħһڴͬʱ쳣
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ǰ߿ʫս⣬ɫһ䡣
漴ٽӭһֲײУսϿգغȻݣĩ֮˼䣬Ӧ飬ڰǹ

һصƺУѪ
棬ĺڰУһĨõӰնȥͻƣֱľ֮С
дͣŵϦӣʵΨһ
һ˲֮䣬ڳɫǱ仯ء
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źɽɽ䡣¥дԼӡһ̫棬ѩòβǡߵ磬תС˫ɡŵʹŻλ꾪
ʫصأڳÿһ˶УսϿգõӰӹصļ٣˲Ϣħǰ
ɫһ䣬ԥٿħۡ
춯صУħüģĹʢһԽ޵Ĺ⻪ƿնƣء
Ĺ⴩壬ȴ·𲻾֬ǰüģǿƥĻû룬˲ħۡ

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931 
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ս޶죬սһһʻɽһ㣬ա
ħǰ֯ŮӰս˵ľ죬еߵˮ»ӹһն;
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֣
ظڵǰڣ
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ͬһʱ䣬һǿǰ»֣
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һ̣ԶħʥУ߿ǰĻֽӡһƣ䷨衣
ս֣ħʥ˾֮ϣһռѺ۳֣ĵ޴ħӰʣ߰ɣ˾
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·սҫD˫ս̱仯һλǰҫһأ˳ԮŲ
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932 
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Σͷǰս֣ħҫŤתս֡
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ǣħ֮֮ףΪףӶľֻЩɾ¡
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ģ¹н֮İ߹峬ޣһһ̤ؼ䣬̤ͷ
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ϣһλλǿ߸Ͽվ׵Ĵսн쳣
ϣ渲޳ħɫһָʱ־Ϊһſź֣ΧХڣ쾪ز

ʣ޾ĻԪӣϿնʼŤ
ǹ
ۼƾˣǻ߶һԪǳ⻪ʢڰ֮С
һ̣ǳҵײУ飬ɫǻ޴ĺɫһһ׹䣬ϡ
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ǻڿһ·龰ڵ
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ħӦв񽣺δԷ
ǻڼ״ɫһСǰ֮ˣԪǣǳ֮
˹ٴμӴߣ֮У˭˿⡣
Զս֣عظħһһѹ֮ܡ
֯ŮϣԽԽأܿȴܲĽ죬ȴ治˵ظ

һ壬ˣ֯Ůסشľ죬ð벽
ѪĿȹ֮ϣ֯Ůӽǰˣָ⴫㡣

ɫ˺ħûأʧ١
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ӹժǾʽ֣һ˲֮䣬

شηɳɣ⣬֯Ůͣ£һѪŻء
ժʽɢԪȫ֯ŮٸһԪʣһʱᡣ
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ᣬܰ
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ӿİɫħӳվ캮£ʱħӰԻħ
һ˲֮ħ壬֯ŮѪӿΪý飬ǿ֮

ԳܵʹУ֯ŮʼѣÿһѪ쳣
ǰ޼״ɫһٵ飬Ӱӹ
ӿѪУ֯Ů˫һƬɺ죬쳣
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к죬۶Ŀδս˲ֹ

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ֳ
˵Ļ֯ŮűԵľ죬ᣬľһƣ֮ͺ߳ս֡
һ䣬Ӱһ飬Ҫ׷ϡ

һ˲֮䣬ԡѪٻӰӹǰ赲ǰ߽Ų
壬Ѫӿ˺£˻Զۡ
ֳ
ૣԶȥ⣬֯Ů¶һĨο΢Цȥ


933 ħ
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ڰӷɳסǿݹ壬Ϊ֣ǿ͸ʱգԶս֡
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Ϣ֮ϣٻӰ⣬ʧҹ֮С


934 
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ʮλħ״ɫһ̹أμؿ

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ǰû˵ûгŵûлԣΪĳŵ֪Ըȥ˵Ļԣ֮ˣҲһ̵ֲ¡
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935 ؿ
ظʮ޴սһµʱȥʮһƬڵ֮ȫ壬Ϊһδս׼
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һԣǰĺɫսŮӣһĨ⣬գѱסˡ
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938 ڰ޳
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ԣǲܣ²Ϊ֪ܻ֮ܿ٣Լкȫҡ
ԥ֮ʱƽУ˫ۣ߳
ħһ˲֮ʮϿգĿ⿴ս֣ŮӰ֮ȫ֣
ǰӰȾɫһδ뵽ǰ߳
£ˣ¶ĵ
޴󰭡
߿ǰָ̧ߣƽ߰ɡ
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ʮķս֣ħλǿɫһ߳һλλޣгɫ
ǣ
߳ˣսУɫ̱仯
𣿡
ʱ֮ϣһĮһ̣ռŤһĨ½õӰ߳󷽣Ӱ棬һˣ毺ãһɫս׽ϣ¶ġ
սУλɫͬ䣬ħʥ˾еؿ
ʮ𣿡
Ŀⶼڽߺ͵ؿʱؿԣһϮӿսֵһλλӰ΢Ц

ߵͷɫƽЩ˵ΪǷȤ
ʢ֮ʿЩ˴ڣѹħʧ˲ءף΢ЦӦ
ٶϻȻѰ˵ظڣǾ·ɣһԣؿǰˣ
ӣôżȥк
һЦһǰŵظ³λޣ΢Цλħˣ
λ֮ףɫκα仯һħӿһطɡ
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ƾһˣؿЦ
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ʥ˾ڴˣ뿪
ǰսһȶ˷Ӧǧ۶


942 
򽻽磬ظսħ˫Ϊһս
ĴӦУ¡Ⱦǿƶ˫սս졣
ǰսزн⻪ҫиУ򽣻ۣϽ档
ظ֮У˶ལǿߣǵݣӸȤˣ
߿ǰİޣ
ʥ˾ʦڶʧԶӭбǸ
ǰɫƽ
¶ȻЦݣĿ⿴Ÿս֣ڵʮޡڰ޳ѵˣȱǲ֪ظ֮ʱ
Ҫӭʥ˾¡ƽ
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ӦһĮЦݣʥ˾һ־и㡣
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ӽ£һǰȻ²ԸУʥ˾ֻӲˣ
ǰɫ£һ꣬ݺύϳӡ
ڴ˴ĪҪ뿪
һ䣬Ӱһǰ
̧֣һſźڰӷɳڰ׻һһ彣ԻɲǣضʱһңƼ
Ȼһ彣浲½֮䣬׹ӰԻֲָƿա
ɫ仯֮а彣ӽȻǰ֮
սУоգй죬нɫԽԽء
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ʮ֮󣬽ӽս֣Ŀ⿴ǰߣһĨɫ
ʽȻȫˡ
𣿡
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䣬콣նȫһģһʽǿƻӦ
ӽУȴ彣ٶȻն˫˫У·Զһ˷ʤ
ʮн棬ֱĺڰ彣·硣
ѧ֣ħʥ˾չ־֮ܣԱ֮α˫ݺᣬɱ졣
ڴ˷սԽʱս֣˫չֲֳսмҡѳ˫Ϊ
սУ˫Ϊ˫ϽȾ죬Ȼ̣֮˭û˰벽
ظձɣ
Զս֣˵һ䣬⻪ҫߵأǿѹǰ֮
һߣеỨ֮ᣬӹŽΨһ
ӰӶ˫ս˫ۣɨһΣս֣ɫԽԽ

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彣ӹԪ𶯣Ȼһǰߡ
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ʱ𶯣һĨͤͤӰ߳ϴʦ͵Сߣŭɫڣְ̧γĽֻǰ
һ̣𺳵һĻĽɹʢǿպȻֿǰӡ

߼״ɫһ䣬Ӱܿâ
ԭΪظã
Ųһ̤Ӱ۷ܿǺӣǰ

ԶսУɫ䣬˲üķâŲһ̤æǰȥ
⻮һѪѪУӰʧ֮ǰ

彣ӹǰ֮ˣ£һҪܣȴǱ֮
Σʱ̣Ӱӹ̧ץס彣棬Ѫˮɿ֡
˭ģȥŭ
£һ𣬴۾¶Ứ㡣
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󷽣ˮ䣬ȴִֵĲϻȥ
óظΣˣȻǣħôµǿߣܵ˶á
սȫΣ޿Ÿս֣˫ȭ߬ԥˣսֱҲ޷ء
ֻǣѡǵݽױ¶һֱİţҲᱻ״ҡ
Σٶ࿼ǣ̧֣߽࣬Ҫժ֮ʱԶ쳹һƿ
Ǹˣ
䣬ϣһӰ֣Ϊףһ忡꿴ǰսλޣڵ
꣬С
Ŀһλλֵǿߣ£ʥ³
ʥ˾ˣ³ǰ΢Ц


943 ʱ
ظս֣սΣں޾ժߣȫʱ죬ƿն
ǿϣһӰ֣ǿϢڱǳ⻪𺳡
ʥΪף᪡ڶǶǿѹ
ǿݣ᪡Ҿ񾡳ظԿħ
෽ս֣ڣ˫иУǰڶ֣ɫɫ
᪺ͼҾȻħΪУǵϡ
ꡢ³ǻΪ֮٣ˣ
ظĻʧҲٳɣ˵һ䣬˱
սУһλλħǿ߳ˣʥ˾
һ̣ħӰһͬȥʧ֮䡣
ħ˱ʮޡڰ޳ӰӹǰųԮı뼧ǿߣһδһ
λѣظһ𣡡
ڵ֮ף޿ˣڵ

ꡢʥͬ¶΢ЦӦһǰȥ
޻֣ظȫòһͬ룬ʧ
ѩ
ڰ޳Ҫʱ£ڣֹǰ߽ȥ
ĺѩͣ²ӣĿƹ¶ɫ

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֮󣬼ʥףԶȥλ޳¶죬ĺޣڵžһսλ޳𣿡
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޵ͷ׼¶ظλǰΪһұȥԮֻǣûϵǣħʥ˾һҵ˵ظ٣ԭƻʱǰ٣ͼԮôҶ˲ˣҼƻǸ
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ħڵΡΰ󲻷
Ϧ֮ʱ֮ʱӰٶħǿ֮ǰи
ժ߰ɣڣõظݡ
̧ժ޳ָ࣬òԻ衣
ĺѩ̧ժߣǰڵ΢Уǿߡ

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ĺѩʶɨ΢΢ף߰ɣʱнȥ
˵꣬ûٶൢ飬Ӱǰħ
ڻ֮ӰʧҲܲһ˿Ϣ
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ĺѩǰ·ӣɻ
ǰΪµƣħǱڴˣԣħζЩ˽⡣򵥽͵
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ĺѩףĿɨһħɫɫղܵĻڽ󣬷ᵽħĿ£ЩУÿһж澳ǿħǿߵʵֲ
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ħʥҫ
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ʥħˣڴ֮оײ˴߶ħ˿·磬ǿеֿס˷ɡ
ĺѩ״ӰǰָԪ御ͿͬѹȨħ֮ܡ
֣Ȩħӿħһ㱻ƻأ·硣
֪֮޷̫ãŲһ̤ͬǰԻǿûȨħ
ħ壬ѸٷɣƺһһĨѪ

ʱħһɿֲ쳣ϢѸٸգһ̣һֳֻʥϿգ͸谭
ˣ
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λӦþʥ˾еīŵھˣȷ
ʥҫᣬħ֮УδأλīŵھӱȸһʵȤ
ʥ˾֮ǰ
޾ڰУħһ֮ٶȳ


944 Իǰ;
򽻽磬޾ǿգ⼫ӹǧʱͣ½Ų
˻Σ߳һģսǿзӡħʥҫֲ֧
ĺѩǰסǰߣͦס𣿡

ͷƣһЦ߰ɣȻȥ
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ظʮһλλиУĿ⿴ʣ΢Уˡ
ǰ߳Ŵĺڰ޳ڵλ¡
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ڰ޳һ͵У᪡λǿͬ⣬ĵظӢ¶ɫ
ǰһλλʮ֮ף޻ַժ£¶Ϥݡ
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945 һϦ
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946 
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ڤԴ㲻ᣬоӦԼҺ͵ظЩɡħڣħӦ
ǡ߹Ӧ
Уʥҫʧء֮ٶȴħߴ
ǡٴӦ
°ɡ
¸ˡ
߹һתŽȥ
ʥ߻أУһϮµӾħʥ˾΢Цôħľļƻ𣿡
Ŀƹŵаӣƽ㲻ԼĹϢ˺£
䣬ʮĸ֣е˷һʱƽϢʥ˾졣΢Ц
̨ףԱƽǸȤ԰ץһ˻Կɡ
Ŷ
¶ɫҲУ
ԡ
ߵ
ˣҪһкãʵ
֪Щµģ䲻ƽ׳˶ǿߣЩ˵ݻһϲƽ
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䣬תһ֮ʧ
ԣ߾ŵĺۼ˼
ͬʱظڣ᪡ҡظۣ֮̽¡
ˣꡢʥ³ظ֮֮ͬˣƶߣ񳯴Уʽˡ
£Ҿ̫ϡظ޿ݵĽ飬Ե˵ͷû顣
񣬴еǰûбҪС϶ᣬ˽˺
£Ϊβ
У³ڣ΢Ц
Ҫ죬δܸԣñȫȨӦ
³ԣ˵ͷãʵɲ⣬ԸȿħӲ١
һԣףǰīŵھظй֣ڴˣظͬӭ
ͷĿ⿴·ˣƽλû飬˾ʹɣοħԡ
·кһۣͷӦ¡
£ħΣҲ˽⣬֪ʲô߼³ɫ
߼ҵȷʵЩ顣
޿ڣƽħ˫ڣټĻ֮׵ľ죬ʵڰ벽ľ֮ϣܳħ⼸սȼ֣Ҳʤ㣬ԣ֮ǾܵħĶս
벽ľ֮ϵǿߣӦԣɣοħϱˣ£ѡ³ɫ
Уȡ
ƽν֣˵ص㣬Щ˽⣬Ҳۣ˫УؿһλʮԸ֮ˣԶԣ׳嶯Ҳױã⡣
ˣһĨɫĻλʮͷʹľ죬ԣὨ飬Ƴˣݻơ
죿³ڵ
ħĻУ֯Ů֣ŮǰҲҪƴ¾죬ɼ˵ĹϵǱѰһҪʧȥյƽģϴǰشδָ۷壬ǳõʱƽ
³ͷģ°빦ս֮ʱ㱰ɡ
ؿħִ˧ߣһٻеػ֣뾡սһڳһŬǰɫ
һʱǿԣֻǣ䣬˭ݵʱڳһλ벽ľ֮ϵǿߡ³
һ˲бˣ˲бˣؿǿмޡƽ
˶ˣħȻס³ҡͷ
֮أ޻
ţ
³ԣ¶ɫʮе֮
޵ͷƽ֮УֻҪʱؼ˵ټ練ơ
鿹ħ֮ʱ߽磬̫ϣɭƣǧ﷽ԲݲУһΰĴǿֳصѹϴӴ˲
ڤظǿУµʴԶԶ궦ʢƫһ硣
ڤڣλǿһߺħϢǿ˼ɵһʸ߹󣬳ס
ħ졢ڤ죬Բͬٴۣ·Ʊ仯
Ϣ꣬ħʵʵ˾̾ħ쿴ŵƣڵ
䣬̫ãħԸϴƣǻ¡ڤ쵭
ħƽһͳ򡣡ħ
һͳ£ѣĵظڤһǿڵħ޷ͳһ£ħǰ֮·̫˳ֻ農伴ɡڤƽ
ڴʱ̫Ͽգħƾһɿֲ쳣Ϣѹ£Խأ˻ġ
ˣ׼ӭӹͰɡ
ڤ쿪ڣĿ⿴ʣ
䣬ħ֮УһĨħеӰ£˫ɲǣ̫ؾҡ
ħƻΣ޾ǿգһʶѹڤǿߵϢ֮ܣġ
ħߵǰħƻ۵Ӱڵħݹ٣ʧԶӭ¡


947 ħ
̫أƱãħ٣һʶ˷
ڤУħߵǰӭħ֮ĵ
ħݣʧԶӭ¡ħƽ

ħƻ۵ӰڣΪ˸֪ħ׼顣
Ŷ
ħԣ𣬵ħڤľ𣿡
ǣҲǡ
ħУħٴ𣬵ħڤΪУŵڤĽħԲַϣҲóӦĳ⡣
ħɫƬ̺󣬿ڵȻħг⣬ڤȻҪͶұֻҪħסԼĳŵڤ಻ȥۏ˻ˮ
ĳŵסˣڡ
Уħڿգ»ƣ˲Ϣɢعƽ
ڤڣڤ쿴ŵǰڤ֮λħҰʵСδܳһʱڣ鶼ҪȷѪ֮ˡ
ڤתڣƽͬΪıͿħܳųֵʱˡ
򣬰ǿգǰУħضǿħǿߣظһսٳħִħʥ˾֮
ͬʱظ֮Уһλλ޸Թλ᪡ڶǿҲ뿪ȴʱ
У̧ժ϶ߣ߳ȥˣⲻ
뼧ҽˣڿħ൱Ҫ壬ΪѪУҵĵ̾ԲСǿ˿ħʸ
еǰᣬλħ֮ûгأһħֵľսսֽȫб
Ѿ뼧ҽˣ㻹𣿡Ůڵ
ع񣬿Ůҡͷƽ⣬ֻڿѣȻԸȥ룬ǣ˭ܷλħĴڣһս֮ˡ
ľ
Ůһ֮̾·ңԶջʱ̤ɣһȴֳ˴˵еĵľ
죬վ֪жߡ
ͷϵһƬ죬ƽ˭֪߳һƬǷ񻹴ڸߵ죬ǵ֪Զֻ˫ۿɼ
֪ΪʲôŮ
ͷ׿һӸܶѾͷϣԶǵĳɳ߹·ߡ
ʵǣԼ롣Ůɫ
Ĭ֮ҡͷˡ
Ůһ̾ûٶʣתԸؿмɰգ
ʮɡ
ƽǿˣֻҪ㱻ŴʵۿۣһܼƻʱҪͷŮˡ
Ӧġ
Ůǧڻ˽ڣظսԽţϵĵӣҪˡ
ް
ҡͷ΢ЦмҺͱҪľǳı߶ѣǧ䲻˵ˮ̫ۡ
ŮĿ⿴һͷ۰׷ˣôǿǿ˲֪ͻԣʵûʲôͬ
֪ļǿǻۣܻʶȥǧǶǣ֪֪֮һǼƣĺҹݵؿ˼
ǳǰȥѰµһϢأұǰȥãزסҲ޲ɡڵ
㲻ѪɡŮ
΢΢һЦλѵİΣѪֵһᣬңħ빥ôҲҪһЩۣһڵظ֮⣬ٲ½Ů½Ҳв׵裬Ůһ֮ˡ
ĴˣŮü

ͷЩӣһὫظΪأһħٴιشħƾ̡
֪𣿡Ůʮ޵ʵ
֪
ҡͷµѰһǣڣΪʱ硣
֪Ůڵ
ţʵ
ϧǰˡ
ŮĿ⿴Զ޳ɫ
΢ЦŮģ֪ô
˵Ļ˵꣬ŮûٶԣƬ̣һƫȥ
ȥĺʦ͵ˡ
󷽵ڣһ߳һһ·СܳŲԶ޳ȥ
Ҫ̫ãʱѲˡ
֪
ͷҲûصӦһһԶˡ
޳ڣŸŵھİŮӣĵĺʦ͵
ĺѩӾ˼лع񣬿ǰѾͷ¶һĨ΢ɲЦݣ°ɡ


948 
ظʮݵĺƽʱڣڵ޸Ϊս׼
ĵظ½ϣһϮµ֪ǰУϢתӿÿһºۼ
ԶŮֽ̧ӡ֪
ʮǰһλλ߳ԶӰеɫȥ֪Խǿˡ
ı֪еĵƣ˭֪ж٣ظҲΪǸµħ⡣
ʮʱ䣬߹ظÿһأۣظĹڣ𶯡
ɳ֣ûأ³ֱֱ·
һ̣һĻɽϺʢҡ޾ϻۣûɽ֮С
ƻԵɣ˿أʮǰλиУɫһ֪Ҫʲô
޳ǰһϮµĺѩ߳ǰɫҪٵ
أ
󷽣Ẓ́ҡĴһΣСǲ
ʦ׼ˡĺѩڵ
ԣƯСȣȥﰡ
ǳǰȥѰµ˵ر¶ȷ£ʦԸ񣬼ûõĶҲüֵغܿͻΪһƬ֮ءĺѩ
¶ؿһΧ˵ҾͰңҲ˵һ̫ˡ
ʱȥظ𶯽ƽϢɳתԴԴϵ֮
Ůˡ
ͷźŮӣڵ
ŮףƽѲãʱԿϧȱɽȻͬڣħ٣Ҳһʱ
ɽֻڶ򿴵һΣ˽ⲻ࣬һᾡȥֲȱʧĲ֣ܱ̫ϣʵ
仯֮ӣͷգܽ½ͻȪܻ˳̶ȣУɽٱ仯ɣ̫ǿԼŮɫ
ͷ߰ɣûȥˣӣħǱߵϢҲôˡ
ŮףһͬԶڵȥ
˲Ҫʣ𶯣չᣬ
ˡ
ףµӰڵ
ɢΣ߳һ֮ǰͷʾ⣬û뱾֮ڡ
Կʼ׼ˡ
Ůƽ
Ů˵ͷ
ͬʱħУԴԴϵħǿӳսȥ
𣬸ȫ׼Ҵ⡣
򣬰׵۳ǣʥһܱ룬ǰ³ţɫ
Ƭ̺󣬼³ȥţվʥ֮ȥ
ҽأƷӡ֮أ³ӰǰһƵľݣһ񣬵ҵʮʥ³ƶء
䣬֮УѹͻȻһϵľУֲѹգǿ֮ܣ
Ƭ̺֨ѽһľ֮ſλŹϷε߳ǰ֮ڵ£

᪣ǣǰһ߬ȥţգڣɳûС
ڵȵˣ
֮ӽ𣬷ոκοˡ
һ䣬Ӱ⣬ʧ֮ϡ
򽻽磬ظ֮Уһλλħ֮۽ٳ
λһսĽҪԣиλˡ
˵꣬ǰĶߣϣڵ
£ͬվߣǰߣһ֮ͬȥ
ʮϿգ¡¡Уһǳ߳ûκͣٳԶȥ
ͬһʱ䣬ħʥڣ߿ǰĻ΢΢𣬵ظһ˳ʲô
뿪ظ¹رգһ˿Ϣ
պ󣬵ظ֮ң⣬ĹһӰ֣Ϊף֪ͬ󷽣ޡ޳棬ħ֮۽
ǻû𣿡Ůڵ
Լʱ䣬Ӧÿˡǰǿգƽ
˵ȴãԶǿУǰӹǿϢΧǳȻʧɫ
ˡ
ǰӰ΢΢𣬵
䣬ӰΪֳַһ忡Ӣˡ
󷽣λŷĿƹǰˣڵʥе
ҵ
ȥһ¶λǰ
ãʱ䲻࣬·ɡƶ濪ڵ
ͷһˣƽˡ
Ů˵ͷӰǰ߼ٳԶսȥ


949 ս
𽡢齻磬ħһ·ǰУƺƵ
Ϊ׵ؿһɫս£µľԣĿ
ؿ󷽣ʮλս棬ǿϢ֣Ϊٶ澳֮ϡ
ؿˣǰ㵽ˡ
ʱһӰ۷飬񣬹
ؿԣĿ⿴ǰͷ̽飡
ǡ
ӰӰȥʧ
ˣҪҪôͣһա
󷽣һλħڣѯʵ
ʱȣ·ؿ
ǡ
ħٶȥ
ʮħǰУħգѹ𺳡
齮ħǰ֮·ϣ֪ΪףһӰ֣Զħɫ¡
λжɡ޿ڵ
˵ͷӰӹٳǰȥ
ǰˣ
߽磬ǰе˫
ġ
޵ͷûжͣٳǰȥ
뿪ħߣڵħ׼ɡ

ħͷһӰʧ
򽻽磬һ⼲ۣٶԽԽ죬Ĺħѽߡ
ʮħǰؿܵǰϢõͦ졣
ؿּˣ
ͣ޿ǰŮӣڵ
ظôżԼ̫𣡡
ؿߣһգӿħУĩ֣ɱ磬
λߣ𣿡
޿һ۵ؿ
䣬վ˫߳ǰˣһǰ
λǰˣ޿ڵ
ƶͷǰ˫ǰ
ǣ֮ˣ
λϵı־˫£
ƶûжԣһͬʱ֡
ܵΪǿ˫ڲҴ⣬ǹ⡢ħ´߶ߡ
Ȼһƺ£ֲϯƽɫ֮ƣ˭δռˡ
ؿ
ս𣬺޻սƽ
ƾǣ
ؿߣӰһѵء
ɲ㡣
ħ٣󣬳Ķ£촽ɲǼ䣬ʱվֹԳ棬ս֡
ɲֹͣһԣĽӰӰʣ޳
ؿ۹ܿ⣬ħ֮裬֮ƣ޼᲻ݡ
֮ǵԻУӲħꪡ
ħ˫ײ춯أನؿ˷̧ȭǰޡ
ȭս⣬Ů쾪춯أħȭ
ؿ״Уꪶɱˡ
ֻء
һ˲֮䣬ַ̧֮кֻأûħ֮
ô𣡡
ؿһȣһɲǼ䣬Х˻ģ졣
Ķһؿɲ·磬
ս⣬ƽ˵һ䣬һӣʣ̣죬ӭϡ
ｻ棬ȻһԱսսֶʱбǿ֣ؿ֧׾

⻮ս£֮壬ؿǿܿǰ֮ħꪻ裬ħŭй
Ů̧֣֮ӣħ
ظʥ˾ϲǹȻ͵Ϯ
У⻪һĨǿ쳣Ӱ߳ս֡
Dڡ
ɫ¡
ŮӰ֣Ӳ֮ס
Dɫ仯̧֮ҳϯ˻ģûս֡
һߣǿս֣ؿѹʱĩħӿƾ졣
ޡ޳˫սؿȻȴѸбֳ֧̬֮
ֻʵҲҳ޳ţ
ؿһ䣬иӿ񱩣ħ趯ڣ硣
սб䣬ˣ
ɫ£
޳ףŲһ̤Ѹ
ߵ𣡡
ؿӰӳħ죬˻ħˡ
ߣ
޻ӽħһƺߣ
޳״ۻأܴޣսˡ
ս֣⿴ǰԽԽԶս֣ɫһ
սзǷ̫ȣ
£̧֣ʱƱ䣬û
ԶܴսָΣ޳սˣ໤ٶҲơ
ڴʱ֣վһĨˮսµӰ֣ԪȻӡڰ޳󱳡

һƺߣѪɽ޳˫ֵӰ¶𾪡
죬㣿
սֵӰؿüͷ𣬵Ϊλˣ
ظ޳ʥ˾£ǰ
쵭˵һ䣬ǰؿظв֮Ƿøᡣ
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л
ӦĿ⿴ǰܴˣƷ̣ħӿ˷ϻۣպħ
ڣ·
䣬Ӱӳ𺳵һĻӰʧħӰؿ󣬾һƣȻںĿڡ

ƺУؿѪӿ⧲һƣʱ롣
㣡
ؿףĿ⿴źӰŭ㲻Ǿ죡
ᵱȻǾ졣
Уħִ̧϶ߣظ޳Ⱥˣ
ؿһ֣㻹𣿡
һ̣վһĨӰ߳ǰŮӣƽ
īŵھӣ
ؿٶŻһѪĿ޵ؿųֵӰɱڵ
ظλѣлˣ¶΢Ц
ڰλ޳ףûж˵ӰɱбҪħо
ַ棬죬Ӱ磬ѱ棬ڰ޳֣ɱ籩꣬಻
شǰؿᣬʱΣ֮
Ȫɣ
һȣ׻ɱ¾ٳ֣һ御ԪעӦ
죬ɱ޾ؿꪵ˫δɱ¾ٲ壬ʶʱһʹࡣ
ɻ꣬ؿһģ˫ѹħꪣħڡ

ؿѪ£Ŀ⿴ǰˣ̧ץס˫һĨ֮ɫ
һµɣ
壬ؿŭһ壬֮䣬񱩵ħӿҡǳ
Ҫͬھ㻹ûʸ񣡡
УӰһ˲һ
㡭
ŵһĻؿ𾪸𺳣ٶȣǣǡ
Ȼ࣬ȴҲ˵ؿʺǰѪȾ졣
ԶиУɫһ䣬ս֣ٳǰȥ
ˣ
սУûսӰʧ
齮ǰսĵؿһ̾ڵˣ
ؿһλսǿߣıУȷϧǣս
һ̣ӰȥΪ⣬ʧǿվͷ
Ϣ֮ڸǰɻĵؿɫʱѿ쳣


950 ֮
齮һս֮󣬵ظ޼ȥͬʱûκκۼ
ٵǳǰڵսĵؿսȥ
ħħʥ֮УһϮɫõĽڳ˼ͻȻɫһ¶֮ɫ
ᣡ
ʥ˾
һ̣УվԻм䣬Dڻﱧսĵؿʬǰ
ؿ
֣£˫ֽ߬һɱʥ
˺£
Ŀ̧𣬿ǰڣ
ʥ˾
Dڿڣǰϸرϸš
й⻪Խ䣬ԭǰظֻΪע
벻׵ǣظôǿߣ۾
īŵھӡڰ޳еظ
߳ʵǿ󣬵ǣؿͬ㲻УӦҲֵܼǳԮΪλôս
Ȳ֮
D¶ɫؿԶսȲʱؿϢѾʧ
ԣĬĬǰӹؿʬתʥ֮ȥ
һӰ۶·գͣ½ŲԸ
ƶ塢һԶ׵Ǹȥ
뿪󣬵ظҲûӣı䷽򣬸ظ
򽻽磬ظ֮Ϊնħע뿪һ·۷ء
ʱǿ֮ϣħӿֲ쳣Ϣѹ£ħУ߳Ŀ⿴ǰظ¶һĨ΢Ц
ɡڣ

£ϼɫ£
ʥ˾һ˻ȥȻǱ־ܣ΢Ц
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ϼһӿʳ˼߶
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ʼ쾭֣ϼ߶һ壬ħơ
˼˵ħΣȻһˣһĨѪ
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ĿɨΧħϼ֮ɫ鷳ˡ
𣿡
΢Цϧûˣ־ܰɣ˳Կࡣ
ظޣΨս
ϼĮ˵һ䣬Ӱһʳ˷ӿۣס
ʼ쾭
ʼ쾭ѧ̣Хڿգƣǰħߡ
֮УףǿɫҲһĨأһȣħԪΪϣǰ
ħԪ¡¡𶯣쳹ǿգ֮춯أħϾҡֳ֮ס
Ƭ֣̽ɢһײǰħߡ
̧֣ӲȻһ˰벽
ѧǵԽȤˣ
΢ЦԽãһ˲Ϣǰ
̧ĳħӿˣͶ㣬ǳҡֲ
սУѪȾս£ϼս֣ӿǰħǿߣһȣԪڣ衣
ʼ쾭ֻѪ
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ܳųּʱ
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ȾѪ£ϼûжԣӰѪӳӳ֣ɱǰħߡ
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Ѫħּײ֮ѪʣȻһս꣬ȴԽҫֱۣӡ
µǿߣֵȫ
һȣħԪ죬춯صУһɫᴩǿգʮ֮ڣһſǳҡѳ⾪ħ
ۼħȫժ£ϼһХѪԪȼգǿ֮ȾѪ죬仯
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ʼ쾭ʽ״ϼ˫̧һݵĺ֮Ѹӣأعġ
˫ײصĴֲУһſŴӦ٣ನɢûǿա

ǿУһɽӰˣһɢȼմ
һߣܵನѪ䣬׶ܴ
ǿԤϵǿļޡ
ǰ̧ǰϵߣظλ޵һֱħͷʣգҪҿˡ
𣡡
ֽ֮ҪϵʱһٶȺХؼ䣬ħ֮֡
ӿѪüͷ壬з֮
İУһ಻˵һ仰
Ƭ֣̽΢΢𣬲̫ԣѾо
ǰһиУ̧֣ħһ
ɢǰκ谭ժǰߣͻȻɫһ䣬Ѹٺˡ
һɫƶȻԱ
ֲĳУӰѸɢɡ
ǰɫ£ʹսҲҪȥԼظޣĿ࿴ˡ
ϧôõĻᣬȴδץһλ޻ȥ֣ˡ
ͬʱظУһöӦ飬䣬ء
صڵУһλλиУɫȫһ䡣
ϼ
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˼Ƭֻ̣ӹɳ֣ûأԥ֮С
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ڣ̧ͷɽ֮ˣϺɫһĨɫ
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ӵͷ̾ǣ޷ȥңҪȳҲҪľǿ߲п
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960 Ļ
ħħ棬֮ϣħƾħХ춯أ̶֮
ħħ֮Դۣħȣַֿ̧񷡣
ħ٣ŭУһµŮȴǲܣۣ߶ֵۣһնħ
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ħɢħ̧ӲֵۣȻһ˫֮С
ţ
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ӶֵۣȻײħ֮ȭһҵ֮䣬Ӧѡ
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ħһλλǿ֣֮ʥ˾סħ
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961 ƽ
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962 ֪ع
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969 ħһʥ
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һ壬ƺħһĨʹ̧ԪǿлС
췣
ʱսУ˫ۻȻѪ䣬УһʥȨȳֲ֣Ϣڣ


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ǰħ֮ɫĮ
ǧǵһҶԱ˵ЩˣǣԶʵİڽգ
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˵䣬УħȻһգ֮ϣ޴ħ֣ħǿա
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ʽǰδеĿ£𺳵ĿУؼ䣬һޱ貵Ĺ⻪˲ؽޣľ
Զս֣¥׿⾪춯صһĻɫȻֻݵһ˲֪ľޣԶ˼ǡ
ڣĹ⻪УնһϢƽкڰɢһͷѪҲػذɫ
ħĽŲվᱻǸֹ˼䣬ӽ֮ˡ
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һʹֿ־ƺУն䣬ն赲ħħơħףһħħꡣ
һǿϣѸɢ룬ɽع飬֮Ҳ֮Ȼһ˿⻪
յĽţӴˣʣ


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һĺѩԶնӰ˫΢΢£Ľʧˡ
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Ļɣ˺ȷϣȫϲˡ
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ԶǰӰڵ֪һҪ˵
عӣ£
˼ˣһݡ¶廳֮ɫ
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ʱ޾£ձĸӡĻ֮Դ˼䣬ĩ֮٣ǿն


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978 ĳ֮
򣬱ٵ½ͷ޴ĿռѺ۳֣ʮλϢΪֲӰ߳һرǿվҡ
ռѺǰһϮɫµĵڤ쾲ǰ߳һӰƽɫ¶һĨλߵϡ
£
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ӵͷɽһ򲻺ͣһΣӡȽ˺֮ٶǰ
ڤ΢΢ףɡ
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һѪȾҹ˺Ľߣһ¾Ⱦ죬תΪ࣬һ֮սԽҡ

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㣬ܲ
߿ǰ˿ڣĮһĨͣƽһ
ϣûлشĿ⿴·Ļĳǣ¶һĨԲ΢Цʦʦ֣һǵĽ̵
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Уưƥҫ쳣Ľɫն£նһаУϽѳֺ뽣⣬Ѹٻһ
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ʱԶһӰٸǰ𾪵һĻӲԾݺһ


979 
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һ֮գ޻޺ߣҫ۶ĿĽɫ⣬ն£ޱ貵һﵽ˼佣۷塣
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һ֮ϣӰ׹ȥ˼һۣ޻ڡ޺

ԶӺݺһӰס׹ĽߣӲĲ
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ܵϤϢʧ˫һĨοܷˡ
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Ӳϲ֮תǿйǰڣΪ
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عһ̣һĨƣ֮ɫ
Ҫ˵㲻ҪôĥǶ߹ˣµġ
غһ䣬һ岻ʱؼ䣬ѩֲķѩУϿգ춯أҡǳ
֪˵ꡣ
̧֣ץסǰֱۣþʦʦֵĽ޷ȥˡѩý޽޷нӻĳǵĵ㲻ͬ䲻ǻĳǵĵӣǣҲʦѧĽκˡԣĳǵҫֻػˡ
Ҫ˵ˡ
ĿھʹʹĴǰڵɢ;ƿݵĽ֮κ
֪Ľɳ
УһĽڶԴԴû֮ڡ
ΨһΪˡ
µֱۣѪȾ꣬ӴˣԶػһƬݡ

գݵļžһļµĿЦ׵񱩵ķѩֱ죬̼䣬طƱ䣬ݡ
ԶײɽУȾѪĻڿնǰֲĽ˺ˣѪ䣬Ⱦһ
ľǿߣ˵֮ڻĳǵ۷岫һУش
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ǣ
ŭӿӰӹһħӿֲħӰ֣ħ£һȭ£ѩеˡ
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һߣɫ٣ǵϣڹ֮ʱһƵ̶֣
·һ壬ͬߣǿǻҫ봴УӰӹ٣Ȼӡǰء

شѪȾҹգһˣһ쳣޾״θܵ˵Ľӽ
ͷϣɶ٣һͷ׷裬Ԩħƿ̬˲
Ŀһ˲Ӱٶʧһȭһȭĺϣ޻֪Ϊֿ֮ħħΪɱ¾֮١
ȭѪɽ߳һȭһȭػˣȫ·硣
ڴʱ֮⣬һӰϢֲÿһ˶ڻ֮£Ŀ⿴򶫷¶ɫ
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֮ǰĳĽһǡ⡢Ϣȫע֪ڣΪĳ񻰣һ˿ϣ
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һ̤䣬ʮӦݣ²̤ĵľѪǱš
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ˣ
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棬΢Уûж˵ʲôӰԭʧ
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λľͬ٣֮ϣؾҡ𾪣¶֮ɫ
ˣ߰
ͥһ۵վڻʹǰѰһĻɫ
Сӣߣɽڲûա
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
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ϣ̧ףĿ⿴Ͽգ˿Ϊ¸¡һһŽ̤߳¡
ȻҪݣǱһµɡ
ݣܹҰĵط
֮ʣؼ䣬һƽֵĮ𺳵ĿУԶһɫӰһһȣһһ
桢棬ʧݽߴ˵ֺ쳾٣½


980 
ݴأսλľֶ壬еľҲﵽ˶㡣
ʱУһĨӰһһȣϢȴһԵʦɣݵһˣٺ쳾˼䡣
֮ϣλľǿɫȫһ֣
أڹӵĽϢ֣ҫɳ¾ǿᣬһǰδĹŽУΨżĽϢ˸ܵѹҴâ
֣֮ϣϢƺҲΪߵϢ𺳣â
Ľأ
Ŀƹǰһµ
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˵һλľеڶλλһգǿԿ塣

УһռѺͨڣǿ֣߳Ϣǿ쳣˾塣
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985 ԭʼħ
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һսԱ߿ţ߼ǿߣǺεȵǿᣬһԷ٣ڵԶԶ޷⡣
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986 
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ǰаٲͣ½ŲɫĮʦǰ磬壬
˵꣬ûٶ˵䣬ǰȥ
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ն֮ʣ֮ǰӰſһ̣С
޴ǣز࣬Ѳ֪£壬ǧǰлǿ
ȻһĻ䣬һĻԻҲΪȥȻǿᣬǣҲ޷еĻᲢۡ
ǣԶļ磬գڣﲻּˡ
˼䣬Ŵ߾Ĳͬ壬زٸе֡
ߴˣʮߣ࣬˲
籪Ů毺ãĸǻ쳣ű¶˲Ŀȴ˸ǰΡ
ӥ˫צ⻪Ŀкɫ綾Χ˷׷ױã±˼޹
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Χ߹ĸŮƽ¶һĨ΢Цԭ֮⣬硣
첻֪ߣգʶˡ
ҢϣһõӰ֣ĵӣƽȥһˣ


987 Ů
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ֻǻɶѣ岻ͬȻԪ츳ȣٶȴԶԶԽκ壬λˣʵѷɫ㣬ͣӦò֮࣬䣬ܿú쳾ɾΪʵס
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989 ꡢ
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Σɽڣһһ󷨽ƿꡢŮУ帹ء
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Ϧһ˿価֮ʱΣɽǰվҡҷĿռУһĨζٻӰ첽ܳתۺǰֱۣϲõ㣬Ըˡ
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δ䣬ƮɫǵͻȻһǿ쳣ѹ٣УһĨ̹еٻӰ߳ӺݻʷǷ

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ŮԣǰֵĻˣһ񣬵
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997 
Σɽؾ㷱٣ȴƽԴڣе񶼹Űҵƽӣ
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Ӧһ䣬ûٶ˵ʲôһ߻ľС

죬ʥأ̨ϣµķ˾ԽңԶǿգܵԶĺ
Ҫ뿪գСػʥء
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998 һ
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999 
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Χʮһս곯мĻһΪǵٶɢͷβһδ

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ֱǰһĻߣΣֱ˵


1000 ס˻
ʮɽأһл꣬ѹȴǰδǿ񾪾塣
ԷһĻߣֱ⣬ûκε
ԣĿ⿴ǰĺ󱲣ƺҪ䳹׿͸
Ŀӣã࿴ŶԷƽӣ˼
ãڿڣƽ˴Уͬ壬ҪõһĴУõ˵ӡǣȥ֮ˣ޷㡣
ԣüͷ壬Ҫܵõ˵ӡǣ
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䣬̧֣̼䣬Χؼ䣬޾ķۣ֮
ͩҡҶ׷ɣ֮䣬һɫ֣Ƭ̺ûǰڡ
ʶɨ΢Уʲô
ڵǱ֤û֮λʱķ֮㣬վԼһã˵һǧ˰٣𣿡ɫ
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ͷٶȹһ񣬵лǰ
΢΢һЦĿ⿴ԶڵˣѾɣڣȥһЩˡ
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λ߿ڣֻвл꣬ҲȿɵУûбҪʱΪᡣ
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٣춯صУԭʼħȻ䣬رѣա

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·գ֮ϣʱɼսգ԰콾ȫѾһ̫ͬĹԭ
·ϣŶꡢһ·ǰУ;У˲ٰ콾ǿߣѼΪӽ쳾
ԻʹУ콾Ľ۶ʨĺԨХĲ顭һλλǿԶΪл֮ˣһǿУ˺쳾
̤֮󣬷쳾豹һ콾֮ǰ˾վɿգһΡ
ľͷųǣؼ׳羰ԭʼħָĹϴǡ
ºһǰĴǣǽߴʮɣͨʯɢŴĿĹ⻪޾£ųԭʼħ½֮ϡ
ˣųǣ
ϵ̵ĸ֣¶˷֮ɫӣ꣬ǿȥɣһǵһء
á
Ц˵ͷǰȥ
ųУ룬һǣ̸ܵǿѹȸУУһɹɿµϢ֣ܲ巽ȴĴڡ
Ŀ⿴ǰ΢У߾һλ߼ǿ
Ƕеıؾ֮ǣ򣬼콾ҲӦ¡
䣡
ʱʣսնһǿϢѹ£Ϣޱƽ쳾ǿְԵ
𾪼䣬ʣһλѪŮӴ׹ȻһС
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Уһλλǿ߿ʵӰɫһľ콾Ȼ֮졣
·ŮӾҿ˼ѪȾǰ󣬰ɫȾ죬쳣
ǰһˣ
ԶŮӱ˫
һԣɫҲ԰ΪʳλŮӵ˳УǱסһ
˼δ䣬ǰĵһĻսϣսꪻ裬󣬾޴Ӱ֣ڿϣֱӽ·Ů븹С


1001 
ųǣһľ콾¶֣һŮ븹С
ĵһĻУӽǺݺһһʱԻ
һİԵ֪ǣǾųǣɱ¾һľ콾Ȼ¡
صѪ˵ŷŷһĻǺεȵĲ̣ʳˣ
·һĻƽһĨ⣬ĶԹ޹أλһˣʵڹˡ
̫ˣ
һԣ¶ŭɫ컯֮Ϊʳûˡ
æһǰߣһǵУϹŰսʱвǿһС
ٶȣ˷⣬ûκܹƥУҲΪһŵԭ
ʣսϣĿ⿴·Ӱ¡
˼״׷ױã˭ʱüͷ
Ҵÿĵ·һǰе⣬Խ̹ǡ
ֱ֮һɺѪĿ־壬һʱԶ
̽ȫ䱸
ղŵĻ˭˵ģ
ͣ½ŲŮ
˵ģ
굲ǰ
ܲ
̧֣ʱֲϢٶڣӰԻ졣
״һ̺ˡ
Ȼ٣޿ɱܣ죬Ůɶ
£λµŮҪǣʹ𣿡
䣬Ӱ̧һƣȻࡣ
Ʈ˪쳣ѩ۶ɵϣȥһз꣬Խ벽
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ǰüͷ壬ܣ̧Ӳꪡ
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ꡢ˿һЩ
УԱĴڵ
Ůԣˣʱս˿
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¶콾̤沽ӰӶ䣬ܿһһɱС
Ƭ̣ʮѹʮвȡԽ壬籩꣬һкݹһС
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ҪһµݣǣƫƧױע⣬ʱʵѡ
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գֻǵһųǣλľ콾λ۶Ϊɲ⣬δһλС
ڷ䣬ڴϣ˫̤Ŵ壬ĵ꣬˵ӽôˣ˵ġ
Ҳ
ɫ΢λ۶̬ƺЩһ˺ƣûжԹӦûĮ
ǰλ۶ƯҶĽ
͹𣬵˵ӽ־һΣǸ̫ˡ
һϲѪʳǶƣǶСһЩ
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Ҫ֣
һӲһֱǣ⣬ӵ飬ǧҪ˵©죬򣬻˵ġ
ţ֪
ͷӦ֪ԭʼħһɣħһ壬֪߷ԴȻ󶯸ɸꡣ
ˣЩϢɣһǱ̸·
˵һ䣬ߵһԽ
һҹ޻գ콫ʱǰӰ˼ߵǰ׼Ѿͷ
ڷ䣬֨ѽһ򿪣۾߳ڷǰӰԺ硣
ʰʰ׼ˡ
ЦЦ
ţ
Ӧһ䣬Ҫת߻ط䣬ͻȻһ١
ӣ롣
˵䣬һӰ߳ǰˣ


1002 
ˮº棬Ʈݣˡ
ߣ磬£Ľ۶İҡХĲ콾ȫϯ
룬콾Ҳҵ׼ʱǰ
ϯʱԶһĨӰλŮӸ棬û˿Խ
ˡ
ϯһλλ԰콾ˣɫһǰһսжţǰ˾ľ콾սƽ֣ս𾪡
һ壬ǰ壬޽ӽߵʵ˴ԣٹãͻߵ֤û֮λ
۴ԾǼ٣һʵǿʵӹɣͬһУռ̫ƣ˼ӵлѪĴ壬ûܹ⡣
ǰˣΪȻǣԲǺ쳾ǿߣ̤ɾȴ콾սƽ֣ɼսǺεȵĿֲ
Ҳȫ룬ʱ֮ǰϼۣһΪǿϢ߳תϢѹȫ
ݼ
ǰӹ
λض
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ˡ
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ֶŮ㸸ѾãһֱҪȥݺ򣬿ϧæʼջǰȥֶŮǣȻҪд·֮׵콾Ů¶Цݵ
лǰҸ⽻ʺá۶Ц
˺ѣ棬ֱͷΣ͵͵˵Сӣ;ųǹϵô𣿡
ЦЦ֪Ѿʲô˼𣿡
ҡҡͷʵ֪
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1003 ̫
ˮºϣ콾ǰһ⣬𾪡
֮󣬹ϯ䣬Ŀɨ棬ɫһ١
ӵĿ⣬ͬƽƬ̺󣬹ջĿ⣬߻Լλá
λˣĸ֡
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趯ʯ쾪ָ㶯âˣӰϽꪹ⡢ݺᣬھ˹ѹƴ룬ȡʤ
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Ϊ̤ɾ壬쳾Ҳһ֮ңϣ˵˭˭ͣǣսܶʱΪ޾ԵĹϵ
УȻ֮ڶƽɫսȻеĹŽȴʼûгʡ
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ϣ·սɫָƽʼգûٶ˵һ仰
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ǰȷŵһսѾȷϣλǵȷһλˡ
Ѱƶ˼ңΪƣΪū⣬ǣλΪǵٳȻҲʵЩ˼ˡ
УһЩĹҪֶβ徳磬ЩվֻǴԣ˼ʶ
λΪĳֹΪѡˡ
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˵䣬Ŀ⿴΢ЦƺС
ĿϵĸףƬ̺ջĿ⣬ƽյȷУհɣǰ̫ĹԭЩ·̣ܻС
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ߴЦԽԽŨɫԵ˲
ȻҲӡ
ĽǰоһЦݲõҪЩ˶Ƕ֣縸ȫɱˣΣ


1004 
һʢ磬һֱϦ䣬ʱϯɢȥһλλǿϯ
ȥϣϯ֮ĩĬĬȾƵĶӣɫ£Ӱ˲ǰ
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֮ʱŲͣתź󷽣ƽ̨ôãɡ
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ԭѾˡ
䣬ԶҹɫУһĨɱӰֳֻꪣ˫Į
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š
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ţ
üͷ壬Ӱսֻ֣ӹɫ⻪ɢڹУһɫ֣̼䣬˵ɷ֮졣
֣Ϲ޺Ƶױַâɲǣڵն䣬Ȼɢ
Ӱٶ˲ϣڵնɱ졣
ꪽУһ̶ײУϿգƻۣǿϢѳУӦֿ쳣
ת˲еĽ棬м٣п죬кݣԿ籩Ĺƣɫ١
˵Ĵս˫û飬ɱ׷
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ս⣬ꡢɫһʮܿսನ
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צ᲻ɴݣסǰ˵ıУɿꪣԪצ˺ǰš
֮У޼᲻ݣ֮䣬ռһɫ֣ɱ˲Ȫ·
צ˷һĨɫյɿν䣬ȭ˪ȻǰĿڡ

һƺߣӰɳʮɣһ壬ֹסơ
ʮ⣬ǰһգԶϵĿٶȷɻء
٣
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𣬷âʢδùʽԭʼħɱǿУ
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â䣬ǧﷶΧĩ٣ٳ㣬ɽ顣
ƮҡУкݺһǿ߹壬˻𣬻ڡ
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һӳ˲пն򣬷
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״Ӱˣ˲֮⡣
ߡ
ǰվӰ΢΢ⲻϢ̫ˡ
ˣ˴ˡ
ҡڣϵ
ǣ
ǰˣ
ڵĺ󱲣˵á
¶п֮ɫ̧̼䣬Ʊɫһɿֲѹ٣˺ա
ΣϮԥٴ˳ɣûӲӡ
δɱǰˣһĨźˣյΪֹˡ
˵䣬չᣬ޴Ķֱ졣
ǰȥɫ£ӹһ٣û뵽ھĲ
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ӡ
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ԣɫһλȻߵ֮
ǹӡ
عŵӡ
ʣΪʲôɱҰɣ
Ůӣڵ
ͷʵ½֪Ҳ޼ʮֵĿֲ
ȷɱңڻ
Ŀ⿴Զɫÿ˵嶼гܵļޣڰڵ̫࣬򣬻δɱУҵܾͻΪܲס


1005 ɽ
ʣ䣬ůϣɢ˺ҹĺ䡣
ҰϣǰУһҹδݣ̫Ĺԭȥ
ǰ·ңԶ˲ٵ飬·ٶԽԽ죬ֻһţʧҰ֮С
·գ˴Ӷ½߳ǰǰԭʼؾǿһ򣬴˵еħһڴ˼䣬£˸Ҵâ
ǰһ޴ɽȻķֽߣ½
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Ӵɽ˾޴ɽ컹ǽڣδ
ôߣɹȥ𣿡
ǰɽʵ
С
ҡͷɽУ˵к쳾߼ޣðȻɹһЩ޵ע⣬롣
죬ȥɣҪߵ¡
徺滹Щʱ䣬
ǰɽ΢Цɶ߼·ҲЩ߼޵ĳˣ𣿡
ص˵ͷҲֻˡ
߰ɡ
Ц˵һ䣬ǰɽȥ
һ޾ɵ첽ϡ
ֱƵɽɽһؽһأ·Զ߲ͷһҹĹ˷ɽǰɽ͵֣ȥ֮·

վȺɽ֮䣬ض˶ţߡ
ͷźƢḶ́ЦЦô߲ˣ
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Ҫߵʲôʱ򰡣ǲ·ˣôû߳ȥ
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ش𣬶̷Ŀ⿴Լİã㣬ۣΪǿ·ۣҪٺˡ
˵Ӧһĥĥǰ˼ƯСϾǲԸ
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á
ӦϨǰǰԺ߰ɡ
ףǰȥ
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𣡡
ʱԶ춯޺ٶ޳ڣŴ˷
״ɫ΢䣬ԡ
ɽ֮أһλµֳֳǹսһͷʨӣ˫ս֮սನХݻΧһС
Сɽһ޴ľͷʨӣÿһʨͷһԣͷͬɽҡض
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ڵʣɷӿյѩһն
һ̣ڹ£¡¡УĵһĻǰرѣһɹֳ֣һǣֱնɽ֡


1006 ս
ɽУ޳ڣǰεն죬һնɽ֣ɾֳ֣ȥ޳ǰ·
ޱڶǰСɽһ޿ǰľ޴֣ҪͣΣȴǱ󷽵޺ֱײɳȥ
¡һ֮ϣɳˣȥĿ⣬󷽣޺ٳδǰԨ
ĵһĻУ޺ֱӳԨ־˻춯أ쳹
ţ
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𣡡
ǰͷʨŭĸʨͷͬʱſˮӿֲѹǰӡ
սջĿ⣬кɫǹӹǿԴ֮
Ȼ
в˿ΣսĮضǰͷʨӣ
룡
ͷʨӿԣ˫۾ǰӣŭ죬̤գǰ֮ײȥ

սһӰ˷˲Ϣͷʨǰ̧Ȼһһʨͷϡ
ֲľͷʨһѳоȻ֮ϣ޴ѹһɽ壬ʯ䣬ɳ˿ġ
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󷽣һǿǰٶȣһ߿ʵ

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š
Ӧٶԣרĸ·
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ţ
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һλ쳾ڵ
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λ쳾ǿ߹һ御ٻ
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һܼսϣ˼Ƭ̣ͷԡ
䣬Ӱߣ御ȫ߶Ͻ¯ٶײǰɽ
䣡
ײУɽϣȥڵɽٶȳѺۣݺӣֱɽ֮ĩ
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Ȼ˭û뵽һ̣ɽϿգһɫӰ֣ݺᣬֲϢħ롣
һ˲֮ն䣬ضʱһ
ǰһλδ񣬱񽣹⻪ֱնѪӿգȾ졣


1007 ʽ
ɽǰնߣɽѪУһĻᶼûС
ĵһĻ¶ɫͣΣǰ
ϣ񽣣ʵȴǷˣ׵ĽϴɢħףҴâ
ɽǰϿյ񽣣о𾪣ʽʧ޾µʽȻɽС
ִ
ӹ񣬼Ͻ¯
ͬʱ˵ͷ̧Ԫۻƥڣ֮С
ɲǣϽ¯ڣɫʢ¯УѸٸգһɻ߼ѹ٣֮ѹʮء
ɽϣиУӰն£Ȼײ¯֮ϡ
ʽײ춯˼䣬ɽ⣬һ޴Ѻ۳֣ݺύ֮⡣

λ߿УѪನ𵴣˲ͬش
ϣ񽣹⻪ҫ۶ĿԽǿɫӿһҫ
ȣ
ɫ٣ͬٶȴ߶¯ɫֵ֮
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ڽӦڴɳ
ˡ
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ǧ⣬ѩһƿնĽӰǧ֮⡣
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ˣ
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һ̣ս¡¡һһ⻮ʮλ쳾ǿ뿪׼պ㡣
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ˡ
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վɽǰܵϢȻ֪֮ȴܵϵ

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񻰴˵Уֱĺˮ֮סһ֮һ֮ף񻰴˵Ǹ죬йĴ˵ͬǧٹ֣ͬ
ڶɽУڤնԶŴսһοӰӡ
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ٴμǿҵ˾̾ʣɽڣµȻҲܵĹ
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ͯɫһͣһʱ䲻֪λش
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ֻҪŹգɽڱʧѣֶкξ壡ڣ㻹ǵܻܲ߳ɡͯ
ԣɫԭɽΪɽ
ѵɽ֮
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ͯ·ӣ˵һ䣬̧𣬽ʢѹ磬纣ǧˡ
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Уӿγɵ룬֮ʮԴ̽Ѻ۽޸ȥ壬âˡ
֮ܵ˵ΣԶս
ʱ򣡡
սɫ޶ԣھܾ
ʮ֮ڻδܶ
ϣƾ춯أâδֻ֣ǽѹضɫ
˽֮Լ֣ɽΧ޶߽⣬ɽҡضճ䡣


1008 
ɽǰ°Ȼһѩֵѹ
ϣ黯ΣʮһĺͯĿŭڣҪǰѹڴˡ
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ܵؼĽѹʧҲ˫壬ƽѵĸԶڴɳûнɽ׷ӡΣӦñҸ
֮£ܣ࣬쳾ԶûƽƽĻᣬΪ֮
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˼ãҲûʲôõİ취Ŀ⿴ǰ˼֮ƣҲֻܼ·ѾͷĿҲ̫ĹԭֻҪϵлҵǡ
˶գʱѲ࣬ٶ룬̫Ĺԭķȥ
ºǰǰ̫ĹԭѲһµ·̣콾Ѿ˳Уʱ
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عϸˣͷãѾͷǰЩɢˣһֱûҵǡ
ϸһ̾һÿ춼ػѰңʧʲôҪˣҲżźʣȻѰ֮ˣҪҵѾͷӦҲͨˣ֪úñԼġ
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һ۳ˣٴһ̾תȥ
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ϸ˵˵һ䣬ֻǿһֱ뿪˱һȰһȰ
Ů¶ɫû϶˵ŮʱѾ̫Ĺԭΰ֮嶼ɳǿĴˣɳ˻ӺͻŮڴ˴ΰ徺涼ʮֵӡ
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˵ϸĿ⿴Զ̫Ĺԭ⣬ӵĴ˴ΰ徺ԭ»ǿȼϼһ쾳ȵЩ۷徳Ǽ廥ƺ⣬һֱԶᣬȻó
ŮӳĬú󣬿ڵʷģŮһὫûأϹŻԻ͡

ϸ̾ȹȥɣٵȼգȵ˿еѾͷȥ
ŮԣſҪʲôȴǰѻ˶Уһ
ǣ
˵꣬Ůûٶԣת̫Ĺԭȥ
Ů뿪ϸջ񣬲ɣĿ⿴ˣسŵѰλʧѾͷ
һգաϸˮ̯λǰ۷紵ոһգȺŲ֪ʱŻֵˡ


1009 ս
̫ĹԭŽΡգյǿϢǧ콾ͬ𺳡
УָĴӵ֮УĿư۰һΪѺ֡
ڶӵܼ䣬崫ˣʷǷϢ֣¡
УԼ䣬λϢ쳣ǿϢˣԽе콾ڰ֮У쳣
ѪӹԭʼħѪߣл֮ˣδ޿
ϡ٣ǷëǣȻÿһ嶼Ȼ˸ǡ
Ű徺ʱ佫̫ĹԭϣҲһΰѡδĽ٣嶼쳣
ԶµӰʮ⣬ԭأĿ⿴һλλ֮ӣãʼûѰټ
徺ʽʼʣʱѾ࣬еĵҲԽԽŨ˵ѾͷӦõˣΪλûпǵӰ
һգաոһգ֪Уʮҹȥ̫Ĺԭϣеɫ콾ĻҲ뿪ȥ
潫˶ʼĿϢڵõ״̬
̫ĹԭʮµӰһأϢɲ
һգϦ£ĺҹУ䣬һƳ̣֮֮ϣһɿֲ֮Ϣ޾ѹϯ죬𺳡
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콾״ɫһĿ⿴ž죬֮ɫȻлˡ
ʼɡ
֮ϣƷӿһ治Ů𣬴̫Ĺԭ
ּ
䣬УλŹϵӰֱ̫߳ĹԭһˣϢǿÿһ˵Ϊ֮
֣̫֮ͬĹԭ
콾̫Ĺԭλߣɫǽ֮飬ڽıԷǲͻ֪
λ콾УһɫµĽ۶žϵƣɫλʣϢʵЩİ
̫Ĺԭķλ߽٣ն˫ֲϽӡǿޱȵϢʱ̫ĹԭϿգĹ⻪ʢһָգ̫Ĺԭ֮
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һ̣̫Ĺԭϣռ䷨תһλλӰʧսС
֮УλĴɫ쳣ƽƺ֪ｫᷢʲô
콾Ӱһʧԭ֮ϣֻʣλնǿάֹսĿ
ˣ㲻ȥ𣿡
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ʲôط
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֮ϣӿУϵٶ𣬴ռ⡣
ԭʼħĴսڵѪ¹ս֮һܼ򵥣ΪʱޣѪ¹սˣΰ徺Ŀס
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Ѫ¸߹ҵȿռ䣬ʶѪ֮ɫ¹䣬̹ǡ
ȿռڣɽƽԭӣһȫǾ˵ĺɫΪԭʼħĴս֮һԶʱİ׹Ǻսꡣ
ͬʱ̫Ĺԭ⣬ʻߵɫԽأ꣬һΰ徺澹Ҫ֮á
Ϊֹꡢδĵ飬ȥһѾͷ£Ĺĸ׵иˡ
ֻάֵ̣֮ˣٲȥͻЩˡ
УǰȰٴοڣɫ
ٵȵȡ
ʽǵǣѾͷȥˣôû
кοɵȣ
һ̣֮ϣͻȻ֣һɲɷ٣йԶӰֱӽȿռڡ
̫Ĺԭķλ߼״ɫһ
ʣ徺ԸôƺЩϹءһλ߼æ
أ
֮ϣϵĮʱҲ˻߾ͱ̸ء
ԣɫһͣٶԡ
Ѫ¹սӽܿյĻҰɫ
Ȼܻǿȵ澪ˣȷʵʺĲ
̤ɾ֮ϣؼŨѲ֧߼Ψ񷽲ܹ
Ĳ̣ʱҲΨк˼ĴɽԲ
ԭʼħ֮Ĵɽ翹⣬Ѫ¹ս𵽵ã޿ɹ


1010 Ļ
̫Ĺԭȿռ俪Ѫ¹ս˼䣬콾У徺ʽ
Ķʢԭʼħ콾Ϊδ彫Ϊᴫ˵лʼ
Ѫ¹սڣ콾ĿĿµϢԡ
Զʱ񣬾˴СС֪ս۵ĹսɽĴ꣬𾪡
֪ηǿսԭϣĿɨԶɽʹӣɫ
ط֪ʱͻ콾ⲻá
ͽڣԭʼħǿΪµԭɸΪǿ
Уһεİ콾УѾ쳾ǿߣʾˣδпܳΪһߡ
ϡ٣ԭʼħָߵѵ֤ԭʼħǧûµĻ߳֡
˵ԭʼħܵĸӡӰ죬ؼıԴ֮ѽݽߣ֧µĻ߳֡
ҲǰΪҪԭʼħ֮ͨ
ÿԴޣԭʼħ춼⣬ԭʼħЩҪ߾ͱõԴ
սɣۺʱԴԷԭ
Ѫ£Ƭ̣ǰȥ
ɭŵĻԭһƬž·Զأ߹κ顣
ǰһƬȻǣ̫սѪ¹սѲκ
ͬʱѪ¹սأһλλ콾ͬʼ۲Χ
徺꣬Ǳ뾡ϤĵΣδʱ򣬶ǽܲ
Ѫ¹սϷһλɫµŮӾ覣ʸ쳣ڣ罵ٵŮս˫Ӣˣ˲¡
콾Ů۶һǿߣΪŮӣȴӵӶս
ΪŮ۶ûеľԷһУ֣λǡ
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ͬһʱ䣬Ѫ¹սһλλϢŮӰҲʼǰȥֲѹ˲׿
УѪ¹սһλ𷢵ǰУüĿ˽ýͦΣȥˡ
ԨƽʨѪĻӣΪǿ󣬾˵ǰս˻ƽʨһļλ쳾ϣƽʨ塣
ɭŵɫУһĨϢ͵ŮǰУǿѪ֮һ˫ӿǰɫ
λ˶ֿˣһλϢڻǿߣλӽһλ˵Ķ֡
Ѫ¹սһɽǰͣ½Ųӿǰɫء
ڣѾһյĹ򣬵ǣϵѪȷʵûκƶʼղ
ҹ֮𣿡
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ԶͬܵԶߵǿϢһĨɱڻǿߣкʱǿߡ
˼ˣӲ̤ٶԽԽ죬ת˲֮ʧҹɫ֮С
ǧ⣬ܵԶٸĻѪüͷ塣
ôѪǿߣǰûϵģ˵ӵлѪĻӾһĴǿ󣬵ǣĻѪʶľ콾Ѫѹƣĺ˼ܿ⡣
Ϣ֮䣬ԶǿĻϢԽԽ߲ƣ߲еʱ̣ʣ
ֹƬ̣ǰɽ֮С
ʱɽ⣬һλɫ⻪Ӱ֣ʯʺˣӣȻ
һӰӸܵɽеǿϢٳǰȥ
͵ֵɽУһĨӰϢƽԶӰɫû̫仯
ȻԸôĴˣȻˣҲá
ЩϼһʱвǵĺˣûбõıҪ
ǧ⣬ҫǰ˺󣬲ͣ
ŵĿ⣬Ա䣬ûκէ𣬵Ӱ֮
ǿ죬ǾģױȵĻѪѹľδԲ
޴ʯӰԻ٣֮ϣƾڡ
̧֣ȭ䣬ǰؾҡѳл֮
һ̣֮䣬⻪ʢһβƵĿռݳ֣Ȼ¶֮С
һ̣ԲǧڣĹ𣬻Ȫ٣ӭӻӡ


1011 
Ѫ¹սɽ֮Уӡ֪귽һգλǿȻǰ档
ӣʯʺˣʯһ崫ˣѪǿľԶһλλ콾ӵѹ
Ŀâ˲ϢӰȭۣԻ
Ȼһ˽һ̣֮䣬ռƾն֣ǰ߹ơ
طǧɷԲĹڣʯʺС
ƣ
ӿΧҫĹ⣬ɫɱʢ
μ棬һ㶯Ƿ̫òˣ
ǰӣɫƽ
Ƕ񾴡
̧֣һɫ⻪ڣ޴ʯӰȭ䣬ռݡ
𶯣ΧɽҲ֮ҡ
ˣΪ𾪣Լ䣬̤˺쳾С
⣬ڵĵӣֻӹһٳ֣׻ɱ¾֡
Ҳαڣ춯֮ǧɳˣ׻ֲֿΪ
Ȫռ䣬Ȫʱɱˡ
Ӽ״ɫ΢̤תܿһ
ȪɣС
ٶһȣ御һͷɫ裬Ȫ
죬ض˲ͺ֮УͻȻŤ罵٣·Ѫ
Ľ
Ŀ⿴ѹµĿֲɫң˫΢ţһȻޱȵ
˫棬ನ¡¡쳹ɽ赲Ծѹơ
⣬ŭ˵һԣȻ֪֮ȴǿȻɽ
һ۵ˣ֣չΪѪԾޡ
ȪһʱƣȫӦΧϮΣɱԽԽŨ
˫ǿ֣潩֣ѧıƴĳ˭û֣һһأԸΪ
ʱһʱһʱȥ⣬ĵӵʼδ̤벽
ڣһΪһһصɱ¾ֵͬʱѰΧ
һաաֲµս֣סѪɽΪأɽҡضʯ׷ɡ
ھգ˵պ⣬ɱ֣٣գɫǳʣɷʢ
ڣӼ״ɫ΢ʣ๦御ᣬʱʯӰ֣ɸߵʯ˶أġ
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⣬ֳֿһǰڵĻѪƽˣǵĻʻ᲻ή
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ˣڱɱһλѪΪʱ̫ˡ
һ̣֮ϣƻۣһֲֻĴִǿойеĵֱͳ֮⡣
·״üͷ壬λߡ
ǰΪһٳԣ
ʷӿƣȭһ񣬿ѯʵ
𣬱ǵˣ֮磬ˣպٻˡ
ʷӿУһϵѱŮһɢعƽ
üͷ壬λߵǺ⡣
Ѫ¹ս⣬̫ĹԭϿգλ߿ŹΪȴû˸ٿɡ
Ļߣһض䣬ǣԶǻߣ˸档
Ѫ¹սɽУӰפ㣬֮תǰȥ
ûгλѪϧл߲֣עþ
Ļ壬鴫λѪпѾ̤ں쳾ıԵˡ
ľľ磬һ̤룬쳾Ϊɡ
ɽУӰԶȥһϢָ˿žһս
ѪսһλϢƽ͵ŮӾ˫Զɫ
λ˭ȻĻ˹Ŀ࿴
ġ
һ̣ؼ䣬һϵ𣬵
ʡ
Ůӹһ񣬵
ȥɱ˷ŵˡ
ʵٴĮ
ԣɫһڵΪʲô
Ϊʲô
ؼ䣬ʵصƽ˻ţȡʤϰԣ
ɱ
ҡͷӦҲԸܳλ˵ʵɲ⣬ǾˣҪɱҲҪ߾ʵ
Ȼûĳˡ
ʵ𣬵λʮλ϶ѡ֣ǰȷѡ񡣡
ԣٴɫƬ̺󣬿ڵ˵ĿģҲأ


1012 Ļʲ
Ѫ¹սѪɫ¸գ¹֮࣬ϣ˲
֪Ѿ¹ȥսڣսѲ֪˶ٴΣһƬǽ塣
սķλһ˿ɵУ콾ҷȻʵľԲ࣬˽
вǰ콾ѡѪ¹սǿķʵҲ֮Ρ
Ļʣ콾λ˵ƣʯӣʨԨʥŮģϷŮ۶ǿĻѪλ崫ѹ콾ٹս
Ļ֮£ͬоž޵콾ûѡԼһƬء
У죬ųǵĹģԳԬ죬ıŮѹȺ۵ʵڰӱҲԼ׷ߡ
µʱ䣬սᣬջ
սķλǿĻѪסԼһĬ˵ǰľƣûѡս
λ崫˶徺֮ڻõʱ䣬ڱ㿪սΪʱ̫硣
Ļʳ⣬ǣһȫʵͬ޵콾Ĭѡܴģս
ͬʱѪ¹սһĨӰǰУûгһ֣ʶ
Ѫ䣬Ǵ꣬ڻԭϣһѰһѰҶ䡣
ѾͷǷֻҪһ߿ܣҪȥ
ѳŵѾͷĸףһΰ徺úչǣΪˣʧš
ֻǣѰ£ûκŮϢͷ·δֹսһ㡣
еĵԽԽŨǰеٶҲԽԽ졣
ȻѰѾͷټȥĵط
Ϸһ߷ϣһϮɫµĽ۶˫ǰˮ
ԶһλŰɫװݿ㣬Բ԰ףʷǷйŽȴǽѹˡ
۶һλλ콾׷߿ɽӰɫһˣ߲ơ
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ġ
ɽǰ۶·εضĽߣɫųǵˣӡʮ̣ΪĽ̫ء
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۶ԣɫ£Ӧ֪ǿսζʲô룬Ҳ뿴ҵɡ
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սѲɱ⣬۶ɫҲĮ˵һ䣬̧𣬽ҫ
󷽣콾˺󣬽ռˡ
룡
һ䣬̫Ȼޱ֮ϻһĿѪۣն¡
۶״̧ҫ۵ĽڣȻ̫֮
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硣
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һ̣֮УһƿնҡһĿѺ۳֣Хǧ
۶Ӱ˲ܿһһؽ⡣
ϣһؽ֮󣬰ɫһ̫
¡һԷ潻棬ҵĦ𣬼̶
ߣ̫ת岻֮Ȼۼ¼᲻ɴݣѽ֡
£
۶ɫ£ԪעĳȻǰĿڡ

һѪȾ쳤ηɳʮɣ׶ش
һռţ۶ûκԥӰǰ
ۼ¼ӳ֣Ůֻأ籩ꡣ
ת䣬Σ̫â޾Ȼÿһζǲ֮壬ƿۼµķ
ս⣬һλλ콾ǰսɫ𺳣λߵȷǣӵлѪĽ۶վ
̫ʽ
ƱѹƣЦȴԽۣƻ̫Ѫ£Ⱦ񽣡
һ
֮гΧ˲ɫһֺɫ³ʣ˫ͬ죬ʱմҡ
УĽת꣬һ졣
Ρɽϣ۶״ɫҴ⣬˫ֿϣ屾˼䡣


1013 ˣұˣ
Ѫ¹սϷһ߷ϣĳֽսĻϡ
ֳ̫徣֮˼䣬ĿãԪ졣
Ϲʧ֮۶ɫ΢̧ԪԻ
ۣΪ˵ĺˣѪǿ󣬲档
ȱѪ֣ǧضʱһ˷ӿľ졣
̫䣬չᣬŭϮ죬ӲϹŽѧ
˫棬ɲǣನ죬
ʣƾ£ս
УһһⲻϽ˫ûκ֣ΪֵǿݲǰֲС
ս֮⣬콾ǰ׵Ĵսɫ쳣۶ǿǶ֪Ϊ壬Ѫ֮ͲԱ⡣
ǣǰλ߾۶սƽɫš
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1014 ƽʨ
Ѫ¹սϷһվ߷壬žһսԲǧﾡɴ꣬նһһ֣ɽѣ䡣
ľ˴սһʵѲһǿߡ
ɽв˳ӵлѪľ콾žޣ֮ˣɡ
սǧ⣬һĨԻǷžս;
شĹģ֮Σؿǰ۶˿ѪʣĿ쳣
ͣԪ鿪޾Ԫǿйǰڡ

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1015 Ԩ
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ƽʨ壬ԭʼħΪļ֮һͬСӰ塣
Ĵ崫ڴ쳣սһ
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˫ǿһУƽɫ֣֮κռơ
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1016 콾
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1017 
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лʥŮѣ֪ôˡ
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ǰеĲûκͣͣһǰ·
ء
ӤĿ𣬼̶δУһֻֻɫƯɳ飬ģѱ棬ֱӳǰҧȥ
֮͸ȥǸȥĵطǿ˼䣬ֻǳܸʹˡ
䣬Уǳʣɫ棬ɷϹ޺ɵմȾ̫Ѫųʣ㽫ֻɡ
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󷽣ڶ¶壬δüܣɫ⻮û顣
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ǰʣԹɢ顢顢Թ飬Ͳ˼а֮̫࣬ƻ˼ƽ⡣
ǰ֮սǿڤҲ޷ȫԹѹƣƣŻ˻ᡣ
սУ̫꣬ڴˣееĴ񣬲𣬽شΪء
նаֳֺڵЩֵĺ׾ȥһɱ顣


1018 ֮
Ѫ¸߹ңսش޾սۣ鲼γɽء
ֳֺڵǰУһɷ𺳣ҿ
ɱ򣬾ۣһɱ¾̫࣬ɷѾΪʵʣһĪ
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𣡡
ǰ춯ص˻龪壬ٿ
ͣǰƬ̺Ӱ롣
䣡
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ڵնʬ񣬻䣬Ƚʯʬ֮ǵˣ᲻ɴݡ
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ܣ̧ץסȭͷٴնͬλã̶ĦдУ˻
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ͬһʱ䣬ߺ˶ڻ˵λĳһЩƽﲢ۵ǿ߿ʼչ¶âǿ̶ȣ𾪡
УΪɫߵХĲ飬ھųϯϵ콾սƽʨӺԨͷβ˿·硣
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Ѫ¹սѩУľؼ䣬һ˫͵ӿԶò뿪
ѽضգ˵óˣǷʲô
ʵӦӦЩ֮ôûûгʵЩ֡

أޱߵɭɭڣӰֵƵκԹ
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𣡡
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һߣëʬȭɫӭϣ¡һâɣӲ֮


1019 ־
Ѫ¹ս֪֮ս¡¡쳹ǧ
ãնͬնڿУ˼䱾塣
з磬ѩƣƴ߶ժ֮ܣӦĹơ
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а޾˲֪ͬ࣬ǣʵ
һжͬУѩ⣬侲Ӧа֮Ͷ䣬ԣаﵶˣӲԾ˵սǿѹһ
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ëʬȭ䣬Ӱܿƣվ֮أɽƵߣˡ
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ʥǽڣѩƮ㣬ڣʮεı仯Կ־
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ʥǽ⣬ؾұ仯ɽѣӷģ춯صĻ֮ϳʥǽҪеôߡ
ʥǽڣ仯أɫԽ䣬һС羹Ȼ־ʵ˼
ʣԹܲڱξѪ£ضû谵ҹ䣬Խ̹ǡ
սһλλǿиУ׷׿ط¶ɫ
﷢ʲôֵطΪλǿ־
սѩУŮĿ⿴Զأɫ¶졣
־ѹʼ޷﷢ʲôԭһѾԼʶ
λӻδϣΣա
أǧǧ彫ʿսĲлۣأγɶص壬ȻδΣ˻־
ڣ״ηѣƬأǿס֪ĽŲ
ʥǽУ˫ֽӡܻ֮䡣
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˵һ䣬Ŀ⿴ʣŲһ̤
ϣԹƽڰ䣬ǿ־֮ѹӰ
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¾ʽ˼䣬У̧Ԫ˷ƣξϯٳ죬ں쳾
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ѩǧ
ѩ죬¡¡У֪ϿգѩӣٳɵԹƾ⡣


1020 
Ѫ¹սأ֪죬Էѩ˼䡣
ٳᣬγɾ޴ĺ֮ϽԹС
֮սʱʮ֣ΪŮԣղΪˣֻΪɣٶȶ־
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ನ𵴣ХյӰ׷裬ǿ쳣ѧΪ־Ҳ˿ƣѧ꣬񳯿졣
֮ϣԹƾҽںԹ־ΣԹ֮Уһֻ޴ֳ֣ͨͭɫϹžˣһƴ¡
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УӰٶһ̤ٶȿԹǧɣʽ˻һ졣
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ǹɲâɣ۶ĿĹ⻪УڵǹӰٶȲȥ
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һȣԾΪסԹƣħӿ󣬰ħӰԻʱأħ֡
Թ־Σ
ؼ䣬ħ߳һħԪ羪κˣ̧ԪħϮ졣
ûǧĺɫħɵأǿнԹɣڼС
˫֣־׵ľٶŭɡ

ħȣα仯ħأħȭ죬ֲĴУ֮ϣһ޴Ļڳ֣ѳħϡ

·˵һ䣬˫˻סԹơ


1021 ʮ
أ죬ŭأ֮ˡ
˫֣俪˻֮ܣסԹƣħͿһħԪ־
ǿޱȵ˫־Ϊ࿹ǿѹ־
ϣʥǽڣ顢ëʬĴսɫǿ־𺳡
һ̵ıܸǣ࣬Բǡ
ʣԹƣ˫ǧƾԹ޷ѡ
ϢĹ·սǹ־۳ɵķ֮ʵǿԹ֮Σ

ħ״һ̤ħ̤£׵ħ˲գشս
ɢĽɫǹ⣬ɢ룬սܵħӶ̤飬쳣

սشħģȭ£յĴֲУս񳹵ױ飬ʧ֮䡣
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Ϊ˫֮٣սҪʤ졣
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Ϣʥǽ⣬ֲĻʥǽΧء
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ߣôܣѪ¹սΪлߵ֣
սĸܵԶذѹһо֮ɫ
Ѫ¹ս⣬̫ĹԭϿգյӰǰѪ¹սеüͷ壬ҪжͻȻ֮ϣϼһͬǿϢ֣٣ѹ졣
ʣ
õӰʽٵϸˣ
Խˡ
ϸֳֹȵǰ
ʵӲκ˽ơ
õӰ˿ΪɫĮ
ȥ̫ŹܲţǣԹսе˳֣̫ű㲻ܲܡϸ
õӰһЦ岻ҲõǸˣʥŮĻӦû١
廹ûеΪĿĲֶεĵزһ֣̫ϸ̵
õӰԣɫ£һ𵴣ɱ졣
ЦйٵأһɲǰߵĻ񷣬ҡǳ
λ߼ս֮ʣѪ¹սڣر٣ﾡޣֲĿռ籩ХΧһС
ռ籩Уһż߲ӳ֣һ̣߳ӣĿ⿴ΧҵĿռ籩ɫ¡
鷳ˣ
ʱĿ£ѲǵһξʱܿܲԵȣһʧУȻܸϵ֮ڡ
һ̣Ѫ¹ս⣬̫ĹԭϣõӰŹսеΣ¶һĨЦݣѲñٳˣʮ֮ڣصֹͣûлĹʣһӦøмʣĪǱʣʥŮҪһ˵Ķ֡
䣬ϸǰõĻӰȥѹĻ֮ɢȥ˲Ϣ֮󣬳ʧ


1022 
Ѫ¹սٵڣУΧϺХĿռ籩ͣǰ
֣߳һƷգ׵쾪塣
ޣռΣ߳
֮⣬ط򲻶޸ٵգȻؼĻ޸̱ûʮ֮ڣԻָ
ڣפã˼Բߣڴ̫ã֮޷ϡ
кΰ취
ħӿħ߳˷ӿʱ
߳ѣѵҪڰ徺ǰȥ
˵һ䣬ĿĴ۲ʱ
Ϊλл߼ǿ֣߳ǵӦûδ¶
ħУɫ
ǰ־û߼ǿߵע⣬ΰ徺Ľл֣߳֡
˵һĨɫ־㽫ˡ
ƬųأӦܾ޸һء
Ŀ⿴һħڵ
ħԣüͷ壬ųһߣֵطǺס
ް
Ӧʶ֮п־壬һڲ½ƣֻҪʶĨȥ޷
ħͷħӿħУһεԹƳ֣ǿ־˲Ұֺӡ
һħڣָ棬ǧƱ仯ۣԹ֮С
ؽƣӣ鲼ԹƬ̺󣬽ʧعƽ
֣ħƽˡ
ħףħԹƷų
ָɣԹ֮ڣ־ѸٸգҪ롣
ߣգǿԹ֮УƱ仯գסԹơ
볹ʧʵһ㡣
˵һ䣬һǰɫĮƬأ˭Ϥ޸Ӧò¡
ԹȻ
˵һ飬볹ʧͰ˵ҼȻס㣬ܳĨ־
ɱϣڣѪɭɭ̹ǡ
ԹиУֹͣȻʶʣȴܸܵǰ˿ǺεΣա
ôҪ˵һ𣿡
ְ̧Թ֮ϣѩƮ˼䣬ȻѩɱȴԽˡ
ġ
Թ𶯣ʶ΢ʡ
ܵԹڴʶ΢΢ƬԹƵʶȻѳɳ˵زʵˡ
顣
֣ת߿һ۲Զħڵ㿴ס
ħףƽӦ¡
ԹƽȻʣȴ쳣ص־ʼ޸ߴա
˫Ϊģۣմ޸˷ӡ
ޣޱ޼ʣҪȫ޸ʱ쳣Ȼ⣬ռͬʱʼ޸ʱʱɱ
Уһػָ˫У¸ܵʱ١
Թ޸ռ䣬ĿƬ̲뿪Ϊѵ飬Ŀﻹ飬ܹƿش֮Ĵֻغλ߾
ʱһһչȥУ޸Ŀռ䲻ӣޱרעؿ޸Ḷ́ǧǧ仯ȫС
ºͻȪ޾ûһܹգΪܹ˽ʱյķ
ʱշ仯ֹ̫࣬ǧȫա
ΪˣʶǿԶѰˣȻʣΪչǣ˭ܷǺԵĿֲ
ʱ䣬ûκ飬ʼնʱյ޸Ӳÿһر仯
֪ռʱžҵı仯Ļʲľ£λս쳣ǿ˷âԣӲķһϯ֮ء
֮ԽԽƽƣὥȡ
սϱߣųٴս۶һսֲĽնһһɽһΣǿŮûռˡ
춯صһսǿĿգսȥף˲ԡ
һս֮󣬹ĵ֣ӡ˸Уһλǿս崫˵Ŀ½ߣ˲òؼס
һʱ䣬֮䣬ս𣬾λ֮䶼ηĦƽţսһ
֪У徺֮ѽʣʮңڣ֪ɲ߳
һʱȥʱ⣬һ޸˲һɣȥʮ֮ڣѺѻָ
Ȼ˭ʱڣһƬµزӣ°׷ӰУµϢתܻ仯


1023 ֮
أУһӣֱǧ֮⡣
һ£⣬عͬ޸ʱգٶȱ
ʱڣ޸֮ϣ°׷Ӱնȴһǰȥ
Ĳһһȣϣһһ׷裬Ŀ쳣
ؾͷʱХ񱩶ң˲
̧֣ڣȪϢתϳǰӶȥ
ʱڣƽϢعƽ
ɣŽΨһ
ħǸˡ
ƽ˵һ䣬ǰȥ
ǰеĲģʱշ֮ƽ
󷽣ħ̧־йԹƣȥ
˫⣬ʱմ޸˷ϻۣأγһ޴Уݺס
սǿҹעط򣬴֮󣬶д䣬˾˵ܿܳ벻ľϲ
ѩУŮĴŰ콾£һطȥ
֮ˣĸӦڳˣΪʥŮ֪ؽҪ¡
֮ʱһŴλУʥŮĶر

ͬһʱ䣬λظȥ
Ȼǻ֪ؽҪʲôǣʥŮľֻҪסŮɡ
Ļͬ˷𶯣һλλ˿Ļǰķ𾪵ͬʱѡ˶
һʱ䣬Ʊ仯콾Ŀȫеط
˴˿̣˭³ؽҪв˵鷢ȻҲĻȫǰ
һº֮ǰġԨӡ۶λȫһȴؼı仯
Ļʵ֮ûգλҲǰĻʵƣ˲Ŀ
壬ҲԣѾǸеĿ־ˡ
ĿɨˣɫһĨɱ
ʯһĵӣʵƢǲС
䣬˺棬һλֳֹŽĿʲ
֣бƾˣ񽣣м¶ѡ
㣡
ˣɫ£ɱʢһԪӿʱ׼֡
壬߸̫ãʵ˵ʲô崫˵ݡ
ʱԶУһĨɫӰԵЩ԰ףһѹǿƥڳˡ
ԶһӰ֣£Աߣһͷ׳˶İǸ棬Ϣ֮ǿ˿ڳ콾
վһԣͷβû˵һ仰
Х飬Ϊǿˣʵɲ⣬ΪĽ۶ҲԸǡ
ԭҶˣλ񡣡
֮󣬲ԶվϢһĨٻӰ֣վŵɴ£Ȼ˲ڸ
ʥŮ崿޵գ˵ģȻ෴ʣһһЦڴƿĿ⡣
Ů
Ȼ󣬳󣬵ջǿѹв
СŮǺŮŮ
쿴ǰӣȻһЦ
мˣһ˳ǣٹ˹绪ĺʥŮڹ˺νջˮ
мˣղںʥŮȻȻ֮ȴκҲ󼰡
λǿĻɫҲӡ
䣡
һ̣ռǰоҡನ˷ӿ
Ļ콾ˣԸֲ
һ̣𵴵УĵһĻʮ򡢰ѸۣÿһöںʱƬǿķƣΪ
ȴյı仯֣Ļʻع
ٻ⣬ֱӳǰУ񲻳ںз쳣ֵκ
Ļʳ֣Ҫ֮ʱ󷽣⻮һһƾˡ
Ңĳ֣֮ܣ̫֮ͬʱƿննĻʡ
ĻиУͬʱ֣ǿΪȻɢ
Ƭ̣ĻûжᣬԪǰһ
˫裬Ļʼ֮ʱ仯ΧͻȻһֹͣͣ
λԽˡ
һ̣񱩵ĿռУһƽʱշ·°׷Ӱ߳һˣȴһؽ٣ص˴


1024 쳾ɾ
Ѫ¸գڣƱãĻʳ񣬾ڽҪ֮ʣΧͻȻһͣվֹ֪
趯İ׷ԣǿ쳣Ϣġ
ͻı仯ڳ콾𺳣ĻѸٻعȴû֣Ԫ
ԼĽʲôҹܲǣ˵㣡
ƽ˿вȴǲκ˾ܾһ̣֪ģ˲䵲Ļ֮ǰ
ڵʣһնգ֮䣬һֲĿռֳ֣Ļǰ·
֣㣡
Ԩɫ£ǰӰ˫ȭֱ߬졣
㣡
ӿˣɱǰ裬
ÿ
ǰ۶Ҳʧȥյģǰߣ
⡣
һ̾㵽ػӴȴû㵽ǰ֮˻赲һʱ䣬ʱ߳š
Ȼôļұȫ㣡
һ䣬Ӱȶ֡
ʯһ壬ӽ壬٣Ȼÿһ˶ʮǿͬ纱֡
ʯʵӣʮǰֻ̤쳾У츳ˣ˵սܹĺ쳾ǿߣʵȿ¡
ӳ֣һƤʯͶ㣬ɺ
ڵӦϣʯײȻ𣬻ĽʯƤˣ
н棬ѷָ£ɫ΢䣬Ԫѩ˸졣
¡Ƽ˵ĵӾǱһɢ
ѧժʽ£ɢ˹壬ʯʵӷǳˣӲǳɢ֮Σ
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ΪΡ
֣ǻѧ֪ǰ˵ǿ󣬽۶ֱûκαΣϮ졣
Ԫɽʯ˰벽񷣬ѩˣӭϻʽ
н棬֮䣬ӦѿɽƵߣ졣
ȫһУȡǿУ۶ɫɨһۺˣڵǻ뿴ʲôʱòЩպ˭ɵõ񡣡
Ԩԣ˼֮ɫŮĻʵǵĿĶܽǰ֮˴ܣȻ
ˣ
Ԩջ˼ٳɣһУΥ
һ̤ҫĿ˲Ϣ֮䣬ƽʨӼս֣ȭɽ
ԶѹڷӿԪЦһӰӳٴμս֡
֣ƾˣüͷ壬̤沽ת죬Ӱƾٶƣսʡ
ս⣬ĿŴսˣãһ̧̾ס
ʽսɫһ
Ŀ֮䣬֮ϣ񽫽ֳսꪣһ׹ƣ𺳡
ٷꪺ£֮ܣҡء
ĳ֣սƽڷ仯пӭϣӲꪡ
˰벽ս״˺
ʼ״Ӱͬʱӹ֣ǰߡ
Σһ̣ս⣬Ңɫͬʱ£̤ս֡
ơ̫ʣâնأ֧Ԯս֪
˫֣ԶʥŮ죬ХŮ鿴սеˣ𣬴ʵͬأǰǶǿһ֡
սУ֪̣֮ʹ춯֮ܣκ·
棬˫ֽΧһ̣ǰ˵һĻ֮лۣ̣֪֮ܣڣתζʱһ죬ٶȼ
ͻı仯ʽ𾪣δ񣬵ӰԪȻϡ

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ѪȾս£˴ĿĻ֣
ս⣬ʺͰ콾ɫ𾪣ǰ顣
λлһսұС
ĿλԮֵˣƽ
ҢĴлعĿ⿴ǰӰв֡
֪˺ǿȴû뵽ǿ˵ز
ͬʱλˣʵѾһļޡ
µǡ
˻δ
Ŀǰ֮ˣɫ쳣֪ǰֻ֮Ҫδδȫλ˱ʤ㡣
ôһλҢ˿Īˡ
ɨһԶڵ
˵˻Ϊ磬λ˶ûжƣǵʵӦòֹڴˡ
Ңֱֳ񽣣ǰֵս֣
ףĿƹս֣й⻪λ˵ȷλͬҲδȫ
˽̸䣬ǰս֣ս𣬾ƸӼңս⣬˽ǰ׼ʱ
սѽ⣬Ԩ۶ֹԶз磬ڶ񽫳֣ս֡
Ļ֣ɫҲϢתѹ˳ٶȡ
ȭߣڣйû̶ٶȴ
Ϭʮʽ
սȣԪΪѩУХ죬𺳶
ƱãѩǰĻʡ
Ϯɫ£ٱͬʱһȣԪ御
һʱ䣬ҹ֮Уĵ𣬿ֲѹ𶯾Ѫ¡
һ̣ս⣬̫ĹԭϣλصĹŷɫһ
쳾ɾ
λˣ
սо˺£λͬʱ⿪ӡ
˵ˡ
ʣƾ콵Ŀ⿴ǰսϵ⻪
ǰУ㿴λ˲򵥣ֻǲ뵽ʵǿλ˲ò⿪Ѫӡ
һսΣ˺ʶһһˡ
Իʹһ콾ǰ콾չâʱУ콾Ҫλ˵Ӱˡ
սѪ֮£λͿӡ御쳾ɾˡ
Ļʽ⣬һѹڳˣʵߣ̱ɣѳк쳾֮
ս⣬Ŀǰλˣɫ
սڽҪʼˣλ˵ʵǣǷƵλӳ
ս֣Ļʾȫֲѹ£Χزҡɽݣֻ
Ļǰǰˣɫκα仯Ųһ̤ȶˡ
ڵʧϬʽѧУһѩϯ˲Ϣ֮䣬ǰ
ƽư磬Ϳһ˸֮䣬ƺ
оˣɫ£һ쳾ΪȭӭϣС
ĿУλһٶȽ棬ȭƽӣֲײһɾ춯صನ𵴿֮ɽ޶߽⡣
ĩ֮壬ɳУһĨӰԻ׷裬ɽ


1025 ս
ս֣Ļս֪Ѫ⣬御
쳾ɾ𺳣ֲѹϯض
һ֣롢ժǾѧУѩ֮Уһƶ
񣬷ԪС
˫ǿٽ棬ֲ𵴣ನһӦ䣬
쳾֮ףԽ壬
ನУӰ֣ûκͣٶ쿪
¡¡𶯣쳹죬سУλһ棬֮ܣ˺Ȼ
ս⣬λ˲ٵ飬Ӱӳͬս֡
Ѫ⣬ĻʾչΪ޴ķ󣬾׵սֵİ콾һˡ
սڣӰһѩƣߣת򷨲֡
ҵս֣⻪ƺҹںϻѪǿ𾪡
ĻΪΧУ֪̤ˮӰ𲻶ѱʵ
δں֮Ļʹܴ졣
з硣
ۼֹЧ˫ֽӡط֣ӳٶȡ
طƣԨӡ۶绢Ƹң˿϶
ΧŮз磬Ļ֮׶ռϷ磬սУܲ͸ĹӦм䣬׶ȼ졣
ȭӹ裬ֱ۱ȭѪɽȾ
ţ
ֱܴüͷ壬ַ̧˿ڣӣ˴
ֻʵ̶ֳȣգذɣ
˵䣬һȣ˫ֿϣһʯǹ֣ɱˡ
֣ƸϻƽʨӡŮһһȫɱǰ·֮ˡ
֮ڣʯǹâӹϢתٶȣ̤沽ܿһһعƣȻ·硣
ս⣬Ң˿ǰҵĴսɫء
Ȼ̫ǿӦλ쳾ĻˣߣҲҪӦս
֣
Ңڣ
Եȡ
ɫ΢ӦûпǰæóȻֻ֣ļƻ
Ңԣսֶ֮Ŀ⿴ǰս쳣
ڸǰģҪûԣһս䡣
ĵĺ½֪췣֮˿ɵҲΪԶߵԼŻ֮ǿ
սУλǿԽĹһսҲԽԽǿ⻪ҫս
Ϭʮʽк춯أժ֣ʽʽҡǳ˫УǿĻҲ״â
ƹϾ֪չâͶ㣬
ĻɫأӦУռţҲҰִ⡣
սƣӰϽĿ֮䣬ֿ̧ס۶ֱۣΪȭһȭĿڡ
¡һȭ۶һƺߣԪǿƻС
֮ڣת۶ƣŲָ̤ܿԪһεŮĿڡ

ָ壬Ѫɽ۶ŲˣԷױơ
սУλ¶𾪣ԡ
Ծ
Ŀ⿴ŮĿڽ£ɫ£ô׾ͱơ
ս⣬İؿǰս֣һǰһڻˡ
ڣ۶ľԷƣĻֶȻۿֻۣӦأ
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ʻ񣬸ҪֳԮȴ
ܣٶ֮죡
ɫ£𾪵
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֮ƣȻӡڽ۶ĿڣǿƥһѪɽȾս
һƣȫŮڣŮһش

ʹĳУ۶ˣѪ䣬ɢ̤쳾õΪ˲ص
һɢڳˣ񲨶֮ʣӰٶӹֿ̧Ӽ򣬺¡һ䰴¡
תǧء
֣֮¡¡𶯣Ȼϣڵ¡
ԨĻǰֳԮ
Цһ̤֮ڴ𶯣ӿգΪʥǽܡ
ʥŮ񽫺Ȼʥǽ᲻ɴݣһʱѻ١
ʥǽڣֿ̧סӣȭԪȫ¡
춯صĴУٶݵߣѺ۳֣ѪɽȾء
ȡ
ȭӿ죬Ҫѣȴƴ֮衣
ʯʵӣ
Įĳ̶쳣סʺһӿֺ֮
ʥǽ⣬Ԩĸܵǰֲĺɫ¶𾪣ٳɣԪ֣ǰʥǽ
¡¡𶯣쳹λ쳾֣񱩵ƺʥǽ֮ϣϢ֮䣬ʥǽѣֱ֮ס
ס
ʥǽ٣ɫ΢̧ʥǽ
һ̣ҵĴǰʥǽӦɳǧɡ
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ǰĳɳУĵһĻǰ
£ֱֻ۹˵ţѪδü£ɱ
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ףֽشĵӶһԣˣλҪ𣿡
赭дһȴشһͷŮʯʵӵ³ӳÿһǰ˲òпʵ
Ԩһشʯʵӣɫ£֣һսˣķȰһ䣬Ӳ˭ܲ
˵꣬Ԩûٶԣתս֮ȥ
Ԩ뿪ؿǰһۣͬûٶתȥ
Ļ֣һ˹ɱϣһش𾪵Ľذǰ콾ޱȣĿ⿴սеӰǿ־塣
սս⣬ĺҢҲ֮۶͵ӵ³ٶǡ
һסյĳ裬գȻٱ
Զ۶˵һ䣬䣬ҫתۺʧ
״ɫ壬һ˵ġ
ֽڵĶԹȻܾôˡ
֣λʯһĵҪôã
Ңǰʵ
Цһʱбһʱ䣬ڣծûˡ
ˣߵشĵǰֽ̧ѩӿڡ

̶ʹУѪӿȾߡ


1026 
أһսĻʲҰܣ֮ƣճ
ԨĴ׷ȥŴսĽ
۶ʩչȥһս֮ɹ屻ϣԺ쳾䡣
ĻУҵĵӣűȭᴩشԣʧȥʶ
ǰӣѩңȪڡ
ս⣬콾ʯʵҵģ쳣
ӵǿǺܶ඼ᣬƥУ룬ǰǰȻ˲һ
λ쳾Ļ˶ˣսлкκεǰˡ
Ȼϣǣڳ˶徺ĽѶκβ
ǰ˵ǿѷǳԺȻ֣Ҳܸıʵ
콾ɵĿУռǰӰĿ⿴ؼ䲻񣬲ûżȡ
󷽣Ŀǰ֮ˣһ̾û뵽λ˶ûܱ
λ̫ǰ֮˵ΪսҲûеѹ˵ĵزǣսİգʵ̫ˡ
ǰڽ۶ϵľˣش۶ȻĻֱ֮ƵĶݻᣬλ˷ֿȫشӣһսû
˵һսƵսսÿһʤĲΪսĸߵͣǶսƿأ棬Ļǰ֮Ĳνر

ʱǰͻȻһƺشĵӴӻɫ԰׵Щˡ
˫ĿһƬսĴ꣬Զ°׷Ӱɽɺ
𣬵ȴأУÿһ
Ȱ㻹ǲҪ
ԶƹĿ⣬ʯһĵӣѱӡԽǶڵĺӵԽ죬ʹҲ֮
ǰ˵ĻɫһǿᣬҪٸҵʹÿһ羭

ܵʹ࣬ǿңӿƺٴӲ
𣿡
ǰߣƽ˵һ䣬ǰ㸸ʶɱ֣ڱ廹ĸʱ䣬ʱɱ㣬úϧʱ⡣
ԣ˫ȭգɱȴǲ
𣿡
ƽϧ̫ˣ̤쳾ɸı䲻ʵ㸸ʵĴڣڵ㣬һʬ壬ҰɣһߵĸףԶĸµʱ
̣дģ˫ȭֱ߬죬ӿʹࡣ
ٲ⣬ĿǰһĻ
ĥʹһλˣպȻ²ĥ˰̣֮·ͲΣһħһջᷴɼ
Թ壬һԣҢҲͼи̾˾ٵĸµʱ䣬ڵħ֮·
֣ĸ£Ҫһֱ𣿡
Ңǰǰˣʵ
š
ͷĿ⿴һԵĹģĳŵɻ
Ȼ
ɫӦ
á
ҵҪܼ򵥣ĸ£Ңػ񡣡
ԣɫ£ڵҪʲô
һĨЦ﷢ô飬ȥ󣬶Ȼ̫ƽ׼һЩֶû
˵꣬ˣĸ£Ͱλˡ
䲻֪ǰ֮ҪʲôĺҢǵ˵ͷӦ
תǰʱûٶ˵ʲôǰΪĵС
λӲߣС֮ĶȾ֮Ǵ˵ݹ⣬òСġ
Ң͹վ֮ˣͬȫš
ĵʧġ
Ң֪ǰģҪǵõԣڴµϣҢһ£λȻҲȫػЩ
λģһλˣѾܵõ£޴ѡ
עӵĿУŵʱת˲֮ʧ
Ѫ¹ս⣬̫ĹԭϿգվֳֹ߳ϵй⻪
úݵСӣĸº̫Ĺԭ̫ƽˡ

ڹսѶԭʼħУ˫ۣ̫Ĺԭ
ʱ쵽ˣĽأ
ԭʼħģޱħУǿ쳣ħｮ򣬴ССħһ֧鲼ʤ
˵Уħһ塢ƣܺ˵ͣԣѪħһʮֺ
Ȼͷ岻ͬǣħһ岢ͨ飬ҲΪħһԶԶͬȼͷ塣
ͨȻ֤˳ܣȴҲϡħһѪȣûԽԽ١
ԭʼħϣｮУһλħƵӰһʯǰĿ⿴ǰʯӲϲ
ӣȥ꣬ڰһλϵӰǰŹʯǰӰڵ
ʱﶦʢѽ߾ȥ˫ȭ߬
ڶԹŲݣʧٺϻɼڷԲŻᱻСлɳˡ̾
ڵ𣿡
Ŀ⿴Զǣɱ̹ǣĺ常겻û뵽һ͸һϲ
ӣūڴ˵ȴΪ˵ӻΪ˶Ӹūһˡ߹һ񣬹
޵ͷһǰʯѹĬĬվ
ʹ˰ݡ
нڵǸСӣָĳ裬ٱǧ
ͬʱԭʼħһŽǰ
壬һ̫Ĺԭ˴ԭʼħ
ǡ
䣬ؼ䣬һλ߳ӹתȥ
徺ȫ˶Уһλλǿ߶̫Ĺԭ
嶯ƽ̫ĹԭϿգնĿ⿴Ÿǿߣһ̾
ʡ
Уλŷ߳ǰ֮ʣʱ쵽ˡ
š
ʵͷƽʼ׼ɡ
ǡ
λŷ߳ӦӰӹķӡΪս׼
ķӡᣬ𶯣ĵ죬ס̫Ĺԭ
ϣնǰסգϵҲ
Ѫ¹սڷ̫飬ϣսٺ󲻻̫ӡ
λʯ֮ʣ֣鷳ˡ
λǵĻʵС
Ѫ¹սڣһӰ⣬ȴ˭ûٿذ벽
ĸµʱ䣬ڣѪȾÿһأ֪ȥ󣬰콾ٶ궯ַ
Ȼð콾ǣȻλ˿־뿪ǰǵɲԽ
̫£ʬǳɽһľݿȥ޺еĽȴǱ˲
䣡
֮֮ϣѪҡսҲ֮


1027 
̫Ĺԭ֣֮ķӡᣬٶȿѪ¹ս
ս٣𶯣̫ĹԭϿգһõؾ֣ӣ徺ʽ
սһ̣̫Ĺԭһܼսڶƾˡ
һλλ쳾ԸĶǿߣΪѽӽ߾ƼΪˡ
սգգҡʼֲѳУŤ
֣ӰУȻǿ쳣Ϣȴǳص˴Ϣҿ
𣿼ȻˣǱ֤Ľɡ
˵䣬̫ĹԭϿգϼ۵УѹϢǿߡ
ʡ
ǿ빪
ʵǿߣԭʼħϵĴڣΣʧ
ϼ֮УʵͷɳƵǳɡ
ǣ
̫ĹԭķλŷһΪȫķѪ¹ս
ͬʱսУҡض٣󷨼ӳ֣ƾ춯ء
ǰһλλǿиУĿ⿴Ͽգ¶һĨ֮ɫ
ڽˣĸµĵȴ˵ֱǼ尾
ϣ£Ϊ֮ͨŽ콾ȥ
߰ɡ
սأһλλ콾̤֮ͨţȥ
أռǰĺҢһǰɫ
Ϊûг
뿪ɡ
Ң֮ˣڵ
ĵͷһ֮ͬͨȥ
뿪ʱڣµĿռ籩ϯӰУΪ
̫ĹԭϿգ콾߳Ң֣Ŀ
ĸ˵ĽմȾ̫Ѫ˼̡
콾ϣһܼսУԸĶǿĿ⿴콾ɫ¶С
δ
ķǰһλŷ߿ڣ
ȡ
ϣʿڣ
ǡ
άķ󣬵ȴ
ȴʱ䣬Ŀ⿴콾ƽλǵõóɡ
콾Ĭޱؽӹսеõ˳
ǺһλǰˣСǺεȵĲǡ
һ̣̫Ĺԭϣǿ֣ǧơƵ֣ѳһһСɽ𺳡
Уλǰʮѻˣڳ嶥ǿ߷׷ײĿ
ǻ壬̫ˡ
ټսм䣬һλӿڣ̾
̫ԣƺһˡ
ԱߣһλսŮ
Ŀɨڳ콾¡
ȷһˣʯҲΰ徺棬ΪγЩУûλӡ
ʣǷҪһ
ʱԶʣһϵ𺳵ĿУǿҡһλŽɫ۵Ӱ֣Ϣѹ£٣ѳл֮
ʯʣ
ˣɫһʯĻʾȻˡ
ڳ̽۰콾Ͷǿ߶˵һ仰
ʻףĿ⿴ų̫Ĺԭʯ֮ʣƽѪ¹սδرգʯʺļǰԻԼ߳
룬Դ
䣬ϣʯʳ֣ʱؼ䣬һޱǿһѪ¹ս
ʼ״ɫһ䣬һ̤˲䵲ǰߣɿݵ̧𣬵ӿսĻ֮
߽֣𺳣񱩵ನһƬƬջΪޣ˷ӡ
ನۼҪڴ˸ˣɫ΢̧Ԫأֹನӡ
ת˲֮ʯӰɢٳ֣Ѫ¹սС

ɫһ䣬ٵ飬Ӱ׷ȥ
սأǧĿռǰʯ̧߳һƣֱС
֮춯أ޸õʱٶȱΧɢ
ʱУӰܵǰٵĻ֮ɫ¡
ʯ֮ʣ
ֲԽռޣʱڻ̣֮ͻȻ֮ϣڣ仯
ɫư޾Уһ˻һ̣˵Ļ£ʯ
¡һ˵ನУһĨϤӰ֣޽ӽߵϢǿ𺳡
֮ǿӲʯ֮ʣһжԾΪԡ
ڡ
ǰӰʯɱ̧Ĺ⼱ڡ
뿪
һˣڵ
ͷһ񣬵лǰ
˵꣬ûκԥʱȥ
ʯɫ£Ŀ⿴ŵ·֮Ϊܱס𣿡
ô֪
ƽӦ
˶֮ʱʱ⣬߳ǰһλֳֹȵϸ˳֣ǰߣ̾㴳ˡ
ͷ֪
ǰƽı飬һ㲻𣿡
ЦЦȻҪҵҲʱԣûʲôúµġ
ǰߵĻٴһ̾һ˵ˣԵӳʱ㵽˽ս
ȳȥɣȥֹսʿڵ
͡
һûٶԣ֮ͨţŹսȥ
̫ĹԭҢȫһҲ
ǰֱһöӵ˹ȥӿռ䣬Ķ֮ӣǲı
л
ӹеĽӣչֽӻ˻ȥ
СһЩʯһλʮֻ֮ˣ˵ӣưոݵġҢѵ
޷
Ӧ׿Ĺս΢΢Ҳóˡ
˼䣬֮ϣǿ쳣Ϣ֣ɫУնλߣҲضá
ŵʣԽԽˣʵ֮䣬λڲǶֵʱħ˺ܿͻᵽ˶ǽĺѡˣ˵һλܻħĲ졣
ʯԣɫĿ⿴·ˣɱڡ
ˣѵӽɡ
Ŀ⿴·֮ˣ
ּ⡣
΢䣬û˿ܾ֮⣬̧ԪѩУһĨӰ֣ǣ˲˿Ϣ
㣡
ʯʼ״ɫŭҪ֣ǰӰٶǰ
ϣʿ·ĵӣüͷҲ˵֮󣬵ͷۡ
ô֣ʲô𣿡
ʱ̫ĹԭϿգռһĨӰ߳ݿʣ̶˫ƽˮ˿
ħ壡
ܵϿµѪѹڴɫһħ֮˾Ȼôˡ


1028 ϼһ
̫ĹԭսգĿУ·ʯ֮ʡ
֮־ΪԻߣ಻ضá
Ӳ״ʯŭΪ֮Ҫɱ֪
ս֮⣬նɫƽ˿⡣
սٿ֮ʣϣƱ仯һĨӰ֣ħ𺳽
ݿʵӣϢǿ쳣ں쳾һѹȴ˿ڳڶߡ
̫ӣ壬ٺ쳾
ˣλߺɫһ̫ӣħһֽ֮˾һλǰ
ʡʯʣ񡣡
忴ϵλߣһ񣬵
̫Ӳؿ
ʿڣƽû뵽ξ̫ǰ񡣡
˴ΰ徺¹شḸʺ常ʮӣԲŻǰӦ
ԭˡ
Ӧ̫ԵȣﻹһЩҪ̫꣬ӱֽˡ
룬żò
ףĿ⿴ԶӰ̧һɰ쳣ӣйĵӡ
վҲûгڵĵӣκμֵһħϵߣδ֮;罫ΪἺĻȪ·
ϣʿĵӣüͷ壬̧Ԫָ
֮쳣ڣʱʧ
ʯʣӵƲ̫أȥһʱ伴ɣѪ¹սǰ֮أ߿ܣԹˣ˵ӦԼ֣Ȳò֣𣿡
ʻͻصӣĿ⿴ǰʯ֮ʣ
ʯɫ£ʻħ̫ӣúһߣŵȥ
Զ徲һĻĿƹϸ齹ˣɫһеĸԴϡ
ʯӵʵǶ˽⣬һλӵлѪĺ쳾ǿߣһôҲǶǿߣû뵽ҵ³
Ŀע£ɫûʲô仯Ȼ֮
ˣ뽫ӹսõó
ʿڣƽ
ͷַԪתȪɲǼ䣬һɰƥӿ˲ϢΪһɾ޴Уɢ
ڳ˼״ɫһ𣬱ǰ˵𺳡
һ̣ǰ԰Ƶƾճ֣һСɽѻǰӿ쳣
ȻѲǵһοڳİ콾𶯣һʱԻع
ܣ
ȴ콾ؼ䣬һܼսϣԸĺ쳾ǿ߿ǰһĻϾ֮ɫ
ǰ΢΢𣬿徺ʤ߾ǰˡ
Ȼϣ޷ܡ
ȻӶУõ徺ϯ֮λҲ˳¡
ʣѶǷԿˣ
ع񣬿ϼеĻߣڵ
̫롣
ʵͷƽ
л
ǰӦʣлһ䣬ǰһн񷭹һ˲֮󣬽ڿգϼɡ
֣ĿУ񻺻ʮֳ֣֮ϡ
ӡ徺ǰʮȫϣ˲Ŀ
ϷȻ֣һĴڣѹ콾
ϣʿŽ񣬲ϵһĨпӽֵɽڲˡ
һ֣ؼ䣬ۣҫ۵ĺڰ׹⻪Уһ̻Իǰ

ڳǿ߼״ɫǱ仯˵еĻʵڼˡ
֣ɫУӲزһ£Ƭ̺󣬻ָ
Զ˫Ŀ⿴ķӦƬ̺ջĿ⡣
ˣǸĽ
ϣʻ֣ͳ
ӹûж࿴ֱлʡ
ǱѰҪСıܣ𣿡
ʿǰˣлء衰ѡ衱
ס
Ӧ
ױá
ףĿ⿴һԵħ̫ӣ̫ӣʵѾʣµı㽻ˡ
ͷһ񣬵͹ʡ
һۣʿԶˣûٶ˵ʲôӰȥ̫Ĺԭ뿪
ÿ˶Լ·棬˲ܼɳȥδʵǿУһϯ
ȥѹͷѹ룬һλλ쳾ǿ߰˿ԣǵ治Ըһλʵǿߣĸоʵʲôõᡣ
ºʮǰԭʼħĽǣŸλλܹ׼ʱ
˵䣬̧𣬶ʱ֮ϣ⻪ʢ̫Ĺԭ
Ƭ̺󣬾˵һĻǰһСɽƾʧΪû˽֮С
ʧڵָһǲɶõԴ˭֪Ӵħȥʵۺ졣
ϣҲЩ뷨ϧڻǺħʱ
λºټ
岻Ըٶתȥ
ǰĿԶ٣һ۲ԶˣʲôҲû˵Ӱʧ
һΰ徺棬λ˵ıʵʣ崫˵ķâѹȥ
ȥ֮󣬴Ҫ򸸻ʺ常ˡ
ħ̫ȥ徺ʽĻϣһλλǿĬĬ뿪Ը
۶սȥɫ绮ʣҫۣȻ˭ܷϣһΰ徺棬Ůǵʧߡ
䣬С£ѪȻǿ󣬵Ҳܱ֤ÿһλ崫˶˳쳾
֡
Ԩǰȭһ񣬸ڡ
ǰƽʨʾãҲûư΢Цڡ
ԨףȥˣչǷ
Ԩ뿪Ҳǰӯӯһ񣬵ӣٻˡ
ٻᡣ
ͷ
ȥǰĿ⿴ʵɫڣĲܻ壬Ҫչַâˡ
ӣڡ
λ崫ˣߣٶȴ֮ԴЩۣǰˣӲԾ
ǰӯӯЦŮӣǾޣ欺崿Ļһƿ˫ۡ
ʥŮ
ɫڶмΪһ壬βΪβΪʣںʷУλΪټ޳ɾβܷ֤ûʵ֮λ
½⣬˵ŮΪβֻҪ㹻£֤ûʵ֮λǰʥŮпܾһλŮֻǴ°Ҳֻǲ²⣬ȷ

Цǰû㣬ڿʼҼסˡ
̫ˡƽ
ʣɫУ·ˣâ


1029 ϼ
̫Ĺԭ徺콾뿪Ԩλǰñȥ
λ崫뿪벻ǣʥŮҲǰʾãȵͬʱҲ
Ů죬˵кпһλŮʵˣǺδãȻһλߡ
Ѫ¹սУʥŮıȻ̫ףǴ󣬾ǿ֡
кЦȥºԭʼħǻ棬ʱλ¶𾪵ˣϸ۲졣
ʥŮ뿪ϣɫ߳ڵ߰ɡ
ͷĿ⿴һ۲Զľų֣ڡ
ڡףӦ
ٶൢ飬֮һͬȥ
һ̣ɫڿգ֪ҢŶȥ
պУ˹ڣɫ⻪ҫλ
Ң°ɡ
ϣһ·ĵӣڵ
ǡ
Ңüͷһ壬һ۵ˣȴ¡
Ңֻʣ֪ˣĪЩ˲
վڵУϵӰһԲ
Ҳ·Ӱãȿڵϲ
һЦл
ǰߵĻӦҲٹĨǣֱӵӦ飬Ƿöˣ
ͷһʱ֮ڣתۣһ̻ӳ֣ǿѹϯ
֮ǰӹ⻪ʢ̧𣬾ʵ
Ųһ̤˳ʮ⣬½
ǰ״ɫ£Ǻ⣿
ǰߣɫĮǰճŵҰûǷҲýˣ
ԣɫ£Ѿһ뿪ǣΪλҪҪˡ
ʺʥŮݣǡ
ʣ
֣Ǹ̫žȻҲˣѹ̫Ĺԭһάǰ֮ˡ
УǰߵķӦв²һ֤ʵ
ǰĻֻ̽ȻǣΪһλȻߵĶߡ
ģΪʥŮʵ̫Զܿõй
᲻ΪλὫˮڱϣǣȷ㣬λﲻڱС
ڵˣ
Ȼˣɸģң˫ֽϡƽ
豾𣿡
ɫ£ɱ֣
壬û˵£ξģ
ʲôֲһСܣǣΪ㻹ѡ𣿡
Ϊβܣ
ɫҲ
֪С
ˣԸٶ˵һ̤Ӱ˲ʧ
ڣ΢УûκԥӰӳ
¡ųڣ죬ڿգ⻪ҫǡ
߶ɱƾ춯أҡ˾塣
СԺҢиУɫһ䣬ȡʯϵĹŽӰٳȥ
ǰɫҫ˷УһѹֲϢ˲
ߣޱƽ֮δ֣ʮضѾ
ǰɫ£Ŀ⿴ʣһĨɫˡ
˼䣬֮ʣ£֤ٱ֮ˡ
ֲ˲ϿյĴ󣬽˼䡣
״ɫ΢䣬á
ǰ΢䣬ѩϯסӰǰߡ
ܵϢ˲Ӱû
ǰٻˡ
У˵һ䣬Ųһ̤ٳʱƳ󷨻ȥ
ߵ𣡡
ɫһɫ浲²֮һ׷ȥ
ʣӰһǰһӹٶԽԽ죬֮ʣ֮ġ
⻮׷֮䣬֮⣬ޱ޼ʵĻҰϣŲͣ£ԽԽµҲԽԽŨ
߾ȷ£ܽɱһλߣҲһȤ顣
󷽣ǰͣµӰɱԽŨҡ
һ£Ҫлλʯʡ
գһѪ緭ӿδֲĽѹϯ˻ġ
ʱһʮأ⽣ʮ֮ԼԽ
һ̣֪ƵѪУһھϽȻ⣬ɢΨ


1030 ϼ
ǣ֮⣬ԭֽ֪
̽ʮأ췣жѵı֮ڻָԴ֣â
ʮؽһʣޱ߽ѹϯ֮ϣ𺳡
֪֣𶯣ʶ׵俪
˼䣬ƱϣʱѪɢ룬ļԴƶˮգ˲
ˮ𿪽磬֮ڣɢ˵һĻУԭ޶߽⣬գմ䡣
֮ڣڣΧɫ¡
С֮
ŵ쳾ǿ߶ƿصӵǱʵ̫ˣԲ
˼ˣٳɣ˫̼䣬ӿ̾˵ķ󺣣ħ塣
ת˲󣬽֮Уһɫǹ֣ƣ¶ȿֲ
ձ񱩵һλǱ޾ĵˣҲ⣬Żɽĺ󻼣κ˶
¡
֮ϣӣٶȽ١
ɫ£Ԫɫ⻪ʢ֮
ζΣǰԣǷ뵽ԼҲ᳢췣ζ
ӽնĿ⿴ǰߣ
ߣֻҪˣ췣Իʧкοɾ壡
ɣҲôģķŭֻҪһ˳ܼɣΪǰʱ̫ãʱ·ˡ
䣬нֱ۵Ѫڣ磬
ն֮˲ֿգ˵Ľ⼫ӹ˲֮ǰ

״һ䣬нɫǹ¡һɢ⡣
汬Уǹǰ֮Ʋƿճ磬ǰˡ
ǹգʱһڶ𣬻Ϊһɽ嵲ǰ
ǹײɽ壬¡¡֮ףһɽȻݣ
ȻƬ̵赲ʱ㹻Ųһ̤ģ˲ǰ
񽣻ӹк죬ٳĽ̥ǣƿµ˲򷨲档
ֽ̧ӽ¡һ𶯣֮ϣ˲䱶ʴ֮
޿ƥУƵ֮ǿƶϾߡ
Ϯüͷ壬һĳǿӲС
̤ܿһԣ֮ϣ״һƵ̶֣Уɽˡ
ӳ£ɢĿ⿴ϵ̶һĨɫ
þ˵𶦵ǱѰ
ⱾΪħ׼ǰˡ
䣬Ȫһзɣν
ɣŽΨһһƣ׼ϳŻȪ֮һʱȴƿ谭
֪޷赲̫ãԸϣɽ߶ն¡
˵Ĵ󶯾Уƿգֱӳɫеľߡ
ޡ
֮Ҵ⣬̧Ԫ
磬ֻزϣǰ磬俪һһС磬ǰС
ǧ磬Ƽϣ״Ųһ̤ǰ
иУǧۣػһʥΣΪ⣬նеߡ
ܵУɫһ䣬˫գڵĽУǹ֣ƿն
ʥǹײҵĳһߣɽնһơ
ɽǹನ𵴣Ѫ֮У֮ն˽Я֮նɱߡ
ԣ㣡
ǰնµľ˽⣬ɫȻһ񽣡
潣֮ס棬Ҫûǰˡ
֮䣬죬н֣Уһնû档
¡𡢽桢滥ֲĴը˳ˡ

ұۣսѿĻУһ⻮һٴ۵Ѫ
ܴģƸʢվƣʶΪ˳ɫ
ǿԪֵȻսĽУϺԽԵֵ췣֮
޾˵ĻԪɫĻӣˡ
֪ܾսһȣ⻪ʢ߻Σ˻ɫϯƿֲš
ۼɱнһ˫ֽ沢ϣ⻪죬ʮ⽣δ֮˼䡣
󽣽磬ۣ


1031 ϼģ
ԭ֪սߣХ죬֡
޾ԪڣԶʱ̫־
Уۼ̫ɽϣϼ˼䡣
Ψһ֮ϣ棬ԳһĽƾ죬
Ľؼ佣Ӣ֮⼱ڣһ˽һ
ŵĽ磬ǧ⣬֮ڣ򷨳䣬Ψһ춯ء
֮У٣ƿһǿƶ֮
Ŀһ˲ײ׵ĴУӦϣ⣬ͬನ
һѪɽգҵྡྷУӰɳ֮
棬ǿӵ֮ϣһֲĽ۳֣׼쳣
߹ƣ֮ش
ս˹أ֮ϣȴԽңԴԴϴ
ְơ
ۼܴǿڷ֮ɽ֡
̫ͼգⴹ䣬ӳ˫֮
̫ͼ£ӡɽɳΪû֮С
һ̣У⣬Ȫ£֮С
ڣɫڻΣ߳ǰһɼǵĽ۳֣Ŀ
ǧ״ܴˣɱҵļܹʵϵĶһһ£̫ӣҲӵôӾݣ
¡
֮ϣɫ£ԭΪ˻𺣣췣޾ҪȫĨ
УϢתз⡣
ǰһС޷ֵ췣֮ǣ֮Ľ죬Ѳǵذڲɡ
֮ܣĪ⣬ͬκ͸
һֱֻǴ˵ޣ޾ı仯
Ȼ֪ΪˣԺͼԶԶԽˣӲǽȪα仯С
ɣŽΨһкԶľ룬ǣܽ˳̶ȣǹһˡ
£Ŀ⿴Զı֮գٴηС

սǰߣ
лԵһλ߻᲻֮࣬ʵԶԶ޷߾ǿᲢۡ
ѵãһսȥᡣ
Уһ߷ֿͽеףһ侲עǰˡ
սˣҲܿǰ˵ƾ̣ӾȻδ쳾һѷǳԽǵϴӾ˵Ľ裬¾쳾ǿҲӦ
⣬ǣƵ֮˼֮ʴ
ԭʼħиǼ֮ܣÿһγɣΪ̣ԣڲƽ󷨵ԭʼħ˼
а֮Ҳƾ̣ϹʱĴɽսǰԿǸֽƺ󷨡
ǴУ֪ٶȽ֣֮֮˽Ը֮ܣÿÿʽء
ԭ˵Ĵսвϱѣһ޴Ѻӣֱǧ֮⡣
𣬽˪ҵսѳٻغϣɳУһ磬֮ұˡ
֮֮Ӱû
ƽ㣬ױ֮ʣ趯ĴԴ֮ˮױڣƾˡ
ݺ
֮ڣ˼Ԫ̫澭֣ۣΪڿն𣬰ͬ죬˼䡣
һ˲֮󣬰׹ϼԪ֮ǻһ׹£ǿ֮ʣҰҲ֮١
Ĵأ䣬һһ޴ӣ﷽Բɽ
ɱУɫ£˫ַһɫǹǰǹƿա
¡ѿ֮䣬վұ飬ನ𵴣Ȼˡ
ѪȾأһ֮ͬشɳɡ
ʹ찡
Ųأֲ̧ѪŭЦĺ֮սþûˡ
߶䣬۽ûͬȼĶ֣ʵź
Ѫ¹սУ콾Ȼվδ
⽣ʮ꣬ὣĸоεȼ尾
ǿǿܵǿҵвȴҲΪһսŻ˷ܡ

һħ֮˫ںϣһ˫˲ڰ


1032 ׳н
Ƕϼսߣԭս𺳡
֮սѹУϽԸ˲ᣬ֮ϣ췣Խˣﾡ𺣡
սڣ֪һڣɣˡ
Ӱ죬һΪԾչء
սˣɽڴϣ󣬲ں֮棬󺣡
ɽϣױڣɾصĿֲ𣬹ͬѹΪ
˫ӳ֣޴սǿƽӰƸ̡
ѪȾأսԽԽʢʮʱ䣬˵̫̫ˡ
񽣲춯أ˼ͬϢ񽣸ܵе˷ܣϹ⻪Խҡ
עУ𺳣
ǫĻȴǲֿŲһ̤ħӿ˫ϣ׷ڡ
İ׷£˫˲ڰ޾Ԩס

ʽ֮һ˼䣬޾֮ѹϯ죬ƣ°𺳶ͬ죬ա
սУǰ߽ϵѹɫ£˫̧ɫڿգޱߵǳ
ɫȹ۵ӦײֲĴը𣬺ನĵݿ֮ƣȥĿһС
ƺߣѪɽߡ֪ͬʱ˳ʮһ첻䡣
ನʹָ֡
̫һ
̫һ֮豹棬Ų̤Ӱ籼Хգ˽һһһ
ϢĳУӰӹǿ죬ΨнС
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Ȼһƶƣǿ赲񽣷â
ߣڰħʢħϢħӰԻ
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ͻ仯ӦƵУȻ㡣
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˫չ־Ϊؼ䣬һ޴ɽεضɽΧǿѹҪ֮׷ɽڡ
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ʱȣûκε飬ӰٳԶǸȥ
֪֮ϣ֮ƶ֮ƣԽˡ
췣˿ɫĥѣѷ°ɣٱȥ
ӹ⣬ʱϿգն£Я췣֮ȻײǴ
춯صĴǴӦѣٳһ̤Ӱ׹¡
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ΧһλλδüӦ㱻ֲĺٱ⡣
Ϣ䣬ڣᣬﻹ飬ȫ뺮С
֪ܱ̫֮ãѡҵֶΣֱӱ
ЩӰӹӽնһһѰҶ䡣
£УһݣʮϢٴ롣
ɫڣһɫУŤ
٣ӰѰһĿ⿴ǰڵӳ¡
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ûбطܱѹڴ˵ء
һԽֲһΣڲòվˡ
ûԥ˫ϣӿħУħ˼䡣
ħգ¡¡Уħ˫ֱסǿнƿ
λ˲һɹɿµ縴գǿߣѲڵ
죬ֵˡ
ǰ
䣬֮ϣ޾ܵ·ôʱϢȻ١
ʮٱǵ̳׸գ㽫û
£λŮӵӰ֣ȫͬòʾ˵ݡ
Ůһ̤룬سɴ磬˲ǰ̧ץˣԶȥ
ˡ
һˣǰħɫһ˫ּ䣬ħΪסħ̤汾ȥ
ǣ˲࣬ǲҫ񳯱˶ȥ
ŮɹӰٳȥŲͣƬ̡
󷽣ڣһɹɿֲֵ
ȻɵԽǿ֮Խˣ㣬ȻأʱȴǸҡ
棬ûɫ𣬾ؼһвۻ࣬ǵ̣һ١
֮⣬ɽ֮ڵܵԶǾ䣬ɫŭֲ֮Ϻɽ壬ϢƷ
Լ
߶ŭһΪҫ쳣
ߣиУŲһ̤Ӱ֡
󷽣ħסһ߸·һ
ǧ⣬ףħ˫ּס𣬲ͻٵ
ãܻٵ취ӡ
ħӦһ䣬ħӿӡ
Ŀ⿴ź󷽣һĨɫѾƿӡӦúܿͻ
ħ֮У⻪ѵħ֮ϡ
ߣ
ɫһ䣬ٳǰȥ
ħŲ̤׷ȥ
ǣɫڣ׻ȥ汬ŭ졣
һ̤գ˲Ϣ֮ʧ
֮ң⣬Ӱ󷽣ħ棬һһף侲Ȼͬ˸ȴִͬš
½ϣΣɽԨУһƵ֮Ŀ򶫷һĨɫ
ħ֮
ʱΣɽ⣬ħѹ֪ħǰʥأӰͣ¡
㣡
˵䣬Σɽ⣬һĨٻӰ֣ǰͬòӰ
һμ棬Ȼûпڻħһ
ǰҴˣչ˺ǡ
˵һ䣬ֽŮͻأûа̶Ŀ⿴һۺ󷽼ٸϢӰжȥ


1033 
Σɽǰ֪Լͻضûκε飬жȥ
󷽣ǿ쳣ϢԽԽЯһŭҪɱԼߡ
£⼲ӹǣתʧ
ɽ⣬ӰûֱͣС
֪ɽã󷽣ڣӰӹѸ׷ȥ
ɽУ߽룬ǿѹҫۣɽУ޾ѣĿ¶â
вӥѿգϢǿ󣬰˫ſա
ǰĿ⿴ʣŲһ̤ٶ֡
ϣӥ·ڵĽɫӰ£ǿϢ˿ߡ
ɽ֮һΪػԼǿ֮
֪
ɫУŴĲӥɫɱһ̤ӭϡ
߶ɱ˫֮䣬˺ѿ
ɲǼ䣬ǧգһ˵ĴѺ۳֣ӥֱ֮ӴмѿѪӿꡣ
һУһ߼촦ֲ֮չ־ʵ
ǰܵϢɫ䣬ٶȫǰȥ
ӵȥ
󷽣˵һ䣬Ӱӳ׷ȥ
֮ʣ޾ĳɫ潵£û֪֮췣޾ƾ֮
Ȼ֮УӰǰУƺ˿Ӱ졣
ڣԶеӰɫһֵܵ췣ѵħһط
ǣǿطҲǻգǰϵħѪûл֮ôԷǻϵˡ
˼֮䣬Ӱһǰһӹɽһ˫˫Ŀ⿴Զˣɱڡ
𣡡
ڶްУһ쳤Х̣̤
µս֮
ܿԣ
ɫУһգһ泤ǹֱ֣˳ȥ
ǹѿգ˲ûǣ赲֮һǹնޡ
ǰһɫƵ֪Ŀ⿴ʣѿʼеĽɫ
ٵˣһҹ٣ʱʧʱԶԿƾ̱㲻ڡ
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֪󷽣ɫ׷ԽԽһ壬ͬٶȼȻˣȴԽ̫ࡣ
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ǰع龲ŵɽŲһ̤ɽ֮ϡ
ɳ֣ױڣɽɽ֮ڣɽȥ
󷽣ɽϵӰɱʢ
һ죬ּɱУ޾ĽɫΪһ޴Ľڣǰ
գƵѪУһնˮױڶ
ײƽƲǰ
գڣ֣ݺᣬٵ֮
һ𣬺ڡɫؼײڳɽϵ֪
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˼֮춯أƣƿն
һ̣¡¡쳹ʣؽƣڣһıУ޴Ӧɢ콵

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ʮһ֮󣬽ʮӦ޼ޣΨĽ⡣
ʮ֪ҫ۵Ľƶ𣬾˼֮У־â
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߷ѳУĿ˲䣬ƿգǰ
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䣡
֮ϣ£֮սٶŭ췣٣ȫû
ߣһɫ⻪ʢΪֵ⡣
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ӹӰһݺύĽУһ쳣ǿĽƿؽޣ˲Ϣǰ
ֵ̧֮䣬ҵನ𵴣ɽʯ
սٿ˲ȣ·ܵһѺ۳֣ɽ忪ѣΪ׵ľ޴ɽȡ
֮սݣⲻԹΨսлݡ
սȫ֪һƣ˫ӳ֣ս
ƾһΪӲƣսǿ쳣˿·硣
˼ս顢Ϊʽ˽ǹŽУǿƶϣչɡ
֮սɽʯɽΧһɽڴսбʯꡣ
Уĩ췣
һնನ𵴣Ӱֲֿ裬ڣںϴ֮С
췣쳣ɫĻ겻׹䣬һһž޴ǣɽĩա
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𺳵ľУǻ׹˼䣬·ɽܴݲУɽƵߣֻҰ
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ն֮˲ֿأֲĻ֮ѹ죬նˡ
սУ׼ܵʽ춯Ӱģһս֡
ɽϿգƾնĿֲ⣬һ˫һΪӲ֮
ৣ
֮޿ƥУӿѪУۣϣѪˮȾ
䣬ɲ⣬۽̫Զ
ͻı仯˾ģ˵һ䣬Ų̤ǰ
нϢŽϢ֪⣬н˿ɵС
ɱУӿ񱩣б֮ʧ£һ׵ɽû뽣С
ʵ֮ɣΪ˴ĿĺɫֲɷƣԼϹɱ¾Ľ֮
ն䣬ƺأɫٱ䣬̧𣬵ɽ
¡һٽӣش˰벽
Ͽա
ߣв񽣻նΪʯɵչֲֿΪɷڶնǰߡ
һֵɣŴ󿪣Żնĺɫ㣬ϮѪӿ
һռţ˿û֣ɽתƣֱһš

壬ϮпȳһѪش
ΣΣڵϦ
֣
һ̣ԶһϤӰٸԶ龰Ӻݺһ
鰡
Ңǧɣ
ˣüͷ壬ĽԶ١
նݳ
ħѣ
ס
֣ɽٶҡһӹ


1034 
ɽϣ֮Ѫ˴Ŀ
ԶҢ⾪ĵһĻӺݺһ
ںɫĻ棬ȥһǣһ߲пᡣ
֮䣬Ңս֣йŽӦʣŭֵɱƻնɫ䡣
񽣾һնЯһŭչ־ʵƿգâɡ
ףɻӹȻһ±񽣡
֮䣬ˣһŭ죬һƽˮ񽣡ɽâײ
֮䣬ֻܻһǸ
һǸǺڣֻǸǰһӽǰߣŲ̤˳ս֡
УߣѪȾ쳣
뱨ʱ㣬ٻˡ
䣬ûٶԣһ̤תȥ
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Σû뵽гһۼ֤׵䡣
ĿĵѪȾҢɽϣӲϲ첻̣¡һ£ɽ
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ʣϦУһʱ伴ȥһӿ
ʱ鷳ˣǿôãѸоʮֳٵȥ
˼ˣŲһ̤ɽƣһͬ졣
иУ֮ϣɫĻƷΪ׹¶¡
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죬ԹѲֻ֪أȻʤһֱֻңԶֲɼ
£Ӱٳɽǧһӭϲ֮ŭ
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һ쳹ನ޾ɢӰ׹ǧɣٽʱٶһ壬
֮ʣƣҹиУķˡ
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׺棬Ϊ³죬콣û£ӭϾ档
ºͬ׹·Ӱֱ죬ػУһȣٿ
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ͬΪ죬ɸ
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㣬һ
ٴγһ䣬Թƣʱ֮ϣͬ־ء
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̣
ֿ֮ԶԹƣ
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СУһ߳ųֽ磬һ߿ǰ΢΢Ƭ죬Ŀɴ֮׳Լ
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бףƬԼ־һֱΪãȻаһͬ˼С鷳
˼֮䣬СڣԹƾԴ֮ļԹƻΪ֮ɫҶĿ
Թڣ־ٶȾҷڵӡ
СУܵǰԹƵ춯һĨЦֱ̧ץסԹƣȻһȥ
գһԹƾ˻𣬿־ġ
ʵһЩһΣҲ֤ķѣ
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ףԶɽɽϣѲӰΨдսĿ꣬ȥĿġ
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ͬʱԭʼħڣϷһħУֲħӿŨֳأ˲
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ӳнϵĴкѪ᳹׾ѣ޽ӽħѪ
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պǷܵϵĸ߶ȣҪԼ컯ˡ
ħƵħڣһѪ֮ɫѪӿʱƣħѹԽԽǿԽ쳾ֱ߾
ѪڣǶλˣǶԽλˡ
ԭʼħ룬ħĴǵһǣ֮ڽǰ֮ϵİ콾ٮٮҲ̳֡
ХĲ飬죬ԳԬ죬ıŮųǵĹģƽʨĺԨĽ۶ʥŮģ˵ӰϢһλһλǿ󣬰徺ǰʮλн񣬵ǡ
ǰһµ徲ɾ˿
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»׼ʱ
۶Ŀŵ֮ˣ
ƽؿһǰŮûлӦֱӽԡ
û˰ɣ
ߵԬǰʵ
лѾް
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Ǳá
ͷУΪΪƫ֮ˣǰԬһ
ʵȻ㲻ö⣬壬ΪԼӣɶϻ崫Ҳð벽鱡Եܿɹ
֡
һԣԨǰк
¡
Ŀɨǰˣ΢Цղƺ־١
ǣ
ԨЦĸɽһҲи
ӡ
һߣҲǰк
ЦŻ񣬵ǰЩӶɹ˼չˣڴл
¶º͵ЦݣԺӻлᵱʦлġ
֮ǰ忴ųΪ˽ˣ˫е
ϵˣٶţΨλˣ֮ǰδ˵
̫Ĺԭ֮ϣΪ˴Ӳϧʯ֮ʣɼӶȻõһöӡ
塣
ʱϿգһϵɳƵʱѵħء
ǣ
幧Ŀ⿴󷽾ˣһĨɫһˣλǵΪû


1035 ħ
ԭʼħ򣬽ǣ徺ľλ콾ۣ¡
ڣħ̫ܻ֮˳ħȥ
ԭʼħУħһǰеǿ壬Ȼȴħһ壬ĴʵҲС壬壬ƽʨһȻ壬ʵħһ壬޷ӡ
徺棬Ǹ岩ĵĽδսħһǰΪ˰壬ҲҪóӦĳ⡣
ǽ֮ˣɽħգܵõٺôƾ˵컯
ħһǿ£ûκƥУųưǿ壬״â
ħ壬ǧУħбǱزٵһڡ
Ȼħصڣһֱħأ˻׺λߵǿߣ˿֪
һΰ徺棬Ŀĳ˻ʼ񣬱ħصĻᡣ
ʮħ̶ĽҲħĵߡ
Ǳ߰žԶħǣΧ
Ԩ۶˿ɭŵĻĵأɫħؾ˻һ֮˶
Ż塣
ԭϣͣ½Ųһɫ
䣬ؼ䣬ĹʢΧͻȻҡã𾪡
״Ӳһ𣬲ܣ
Ȫ
ħһлȪ
г̣˵ħһ岻ڴˣܽı仯ݵ˳̶ȡ
ͬ¼κιգԺǵҪΪ̣ܹգ˵ǵħһ塣
ǣǰ֮ˣѾӽɣǧα仯ɷ쳾
ѹôһֱ鲻ħ֮أлȪ壬Ҳѿټ
֮ܣѼͨĴ壬Ŀǡ
˼䣬ǰ޾δǰħس֣ɱ̶·ָ
һһħӿޱȵħκθһ۱ƲĿ⡣
ħʧģ̤ħ࣬˫մѪȣԭӰ죬Եʧ
κʼʱûа֣֮Ԫˣˣħˡ
аԶģ
ħԱߣһһҡҷ£һһڹžˮڣ˿ӡ
Ż塣
ǰٴιһ񣬵ʺͰ˻ֶЩ˽ħء
һ£ûᣬһڿڹžˮĿͣ˿
һ̾ûٶԣĿ⿴󷽾ˣڵǽȥɣԼѡʵĵطֻаյʱ䣬úϧ
۶ԣ׷ħأյʱʮֶݣݲ˷ѡ
˺棬һһµӣһĨɵ˵ʵ֮ϡ
˵ǿߣ֤ûߵֻһ֮ңǰӲûʯʺ͹ǰ޵еѹ˵ûн߾ǣ˸Σոȴǳκһλߡ
һ£ӸܵħǰĿ⣬ȴûκᣬĬĬҾƣոһյԼ
ħǰջĿ⣬ûٶ룬ħء
ĳˮɭ̹ǣ³У˫Ŀպϣת壬ʼɳħ
ԶճУԨԬͬҲʼ
ħǰžȫУĿƹٴοһµӡ
˵ħ޾µʷУŻʿνǹһˣ̤ɣ쳾ڲǧ߾ٶ֮죬ס
ȻŻȴΪһŮӣѡ˷ԼԶͣڻ߾ǰ
ħ飬ˣΨоŻһ⣬Ϊ
ħڣʱһȥλ콾ȫ붨ȫħص
ѵã˭Ըһһ룬˻壬ħصħڡ
³֮ڣ°׷ӰУΪڻħħص

֮Уħŭ𣬶ĿԽѹơ
ۣɨһһµӣ֮˼£ƴһѣôôڻ㣡
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˫ָԽӡȪ뿪ǧɣΧʱշա
ħǰ徲žˣĿⲻʱɨ³еˡ
ڴˣʼտ͸ƺƾճһ㣬Ѹײڶ֮ƾ¡
ǿߣĬĬŲǣǣ˻Ҳ޷˵ĵϸ
³˵ȻͬѰϸ۲졣
һ£һڽ̳Ҿһ۶ѻɽľ̳Ŀã
ˣȥþƣ
ӽо̳ӵһԣȵ
һŭȣռ䣬֮
ħڣȫŭѣ巴ɣ졣
ħǰɫ΢䣬һµӣڵĪŭֶȥþơ
˵꣬Ŀɨħڵľˣ첽ռȥ
ղ𣬾Żһŭȣƽʨһλ˶ɣλƺ˿ûյӰ졣
˼֮䣬߳ռ䣬ٳŽȥ
ħأ³֮УȪϿӡǧɿռ䣬һϢ
ڣħӣħص˿ûбŵĶӰ졣
ͬʱԭʼħһɹǿ쳣ߣ߾
ûмŵܣ֪ˡ
ڶǿϢУһ˿ڣ̾
һƹˣǽ
һ˿ڣ
壬ĻЩˡ
˿ڣƽ
ʵˣڵϾţֻһƹ;
ǰ֮ٴγ

ʱڶǿϢУһ쳣ϵֹ˼˼˵ȥ
ԣ̽ٶԡ
ߵܣħƺЩԾ𣿡
š
һǿ쳣ĴڿڣȷЩԾħʧĳϣЩ˵Ϊˡ
һô£
ס
ǣǧ̳Ҿƣ⣬жȥ
߰ռ䣬ǧ̳ҾƷӻǰ
ӻ£̧־йһ̯Ҿƣں
塣
һ̣ؼ䣬һϵħб䣬ħʧ죬һǺԭ򡣡
ǣ
ԣɫ£Ӧ
ħڣһ߳ųһʵҪãȥܱܿ˷쳣
ʮգ
ħڣӦ


1036 
Ǳ߰ռڣľλ콾ħأʱ䣬
³֮УȪӡǧʱգħȫħ
˽ħһʱԭʼħλħ߲ħ䣬壬ѯԴ
ħǰյĿⲻڳоɨѰ쳣
ȻʱһȥȴûдӾϷκβ֮
³ڣ˫գųʶȴʼעħǰı仯
һ£ǧ̳ҾƶѻɽŨҵľƮɢռ䡣
ɽǰһǷϵذһ£˫ͣһҲκˡ
ħǰʱȥĿʼעžˣüͷ
֣ûа쳣
ʵĽħضȻ⣬Ϊûпκ쳣
˼ã⣬Ŀ⿴Զһµӣ룬ǰһ񣬹Ż壬ħб䣬Ĺ죬ֻСֶΪޣŻָһ
һ£ƺûǰ֮ԣĬĬغ̳Ҿƣһһڣˮ䣬ʪ
Ҿҵոд˳Ȼ糾Ҿǧ̳޷ȴ
һǰ忴ǰŻ壬˰ʱûеȵκδ𸴣һ̾
תǰħأһһС
ճ֮Уˮңȵܣ޾ߵƽʨǰΧħı仯
ܵ˿Ԩ˫ȻһĨɱ
£Ǻ⣡
Ԩڣǰ֮ˣ
ǵѣ¡
¶Ǹ⣬Ԩᣬɡ
Ԩԣб䲻κˣ»һİǰѡ붨𣿡
Ĭ֮󣬿ڵǸ
Ǹ̬ȴǲݸı䣬徲Ԩʮǰûƿ벽
ԨĿⶢǰˣⲻλħ̫ӵľٶʵ֣Īǳʲô
˼ˣԨ˫ɨħأƬ̺ջĿ⣬ûпκ쳣
һյʱ䣬ʼվںԨǰһ

һ֮ߣϵ𣬵ħصڿģȥ̽ˡ
ס
ͷһʮĺԨǸһǰȥ
³Уħ̫ӵĶɫ
¶ˣ
о죬ܼ𣿡
ħڣ
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ħٶ˵ȫעħ
ճУڽ۶ǰٶͣһգһ֮һĿꡣ
ɫԽԽŨʣħ˲ħص쳣
ľٶζڻδȷǺ˵ħص쳣
о죬ħŻٶȣܿħǰͻҵǡ
֮ƣҲֻܶһˡ
˼䣬ڣǧ֮ڣռڣ󣬼ǰС
⣬ʱ࣬ħɢÿֲ˵Ĵ³м֣ڳˡ
ճ֮У״ȻһĿɨˣɱ֡
֪עһ֮ʱԭʼħڶǿϢУ׻˫ۻȻԶħطһĨɫ
ô󵨵ˣĿŵħһϣ
û鵽Ǻ𣿡
һλϢǿǿڿڣ
̫ԶѾڲ飬ҪһЩʱ䡣
׻Ӧ
ͻƽʨλ˲Ѿ˼ɣȫץһ֪
ɣ
׻ֱӷǹؼʱڣЩȻʵ缸壬ǱϾҲŲСӰһǵĴԭʼħܵƽԴЩħһ͸Υ
ϾΪῴôôã
ڶǿϢУһڣ
ϾţߣڵϾźһʲôָһˡ˿ڣ̵
˵ˣһ˰ɣ
ʱУڶλ߿ڣƽ
ǡ
һ˫ۣħվʱǿƥѹϯԭʼħĿռ䶼
һ̣߳˲Ϣ֮Ӱʧ
Ǳ߰ռڣħ䣬ɳˮγһ޴Уɢ֪١
ɫؿڳˣһħӿɱ
³ڣ涯ʱշ򣬽ǧɷΧڵʱȸı䣬ȫħ
һ£ӶԴ˲ŲʣƾħģҲ˿ġ
Уʱ伱ʱ䣬ڣ߹
ħӿħΪһ壬ȡħٶȣҲԽԽˡ
Զħӿٸħת۾Ѳʮ
ǿ쳣ߣϢģ޾µ϶һϢɣֳء
һʱʱħڣųĿɫԽԽŨˣ
ĴᣬΣԶټѡ˹עһ˺ħ
ǣ
һ£ӽľ̳ⶪһԣھŵռԵͻأ
ѱħ侪ѵĿ⿴һµӣɫ
ʱħڣµħ˲Ϣ֮ػƽ
ڣͺԨ˲ûзκ쳣³Уһڳɹˡ
Ȼķŷʱ֮ϣħѹһֲԥس³£ƾˣڴˡ
ʱ̣ħԴһĳ
³УܵʵĿɱɫһ䣬һһµӣԥһ֮ɢ
¿ɣһ£ӸܵΧϤİϢǵӽ仯
Ȫ
ɳƵڴֲɱУ΢Ȼڴȴˡ
䣬վ֮䣬ռ俪ʼѳֲ޶߽⡣
ߣħһ޾ž޵콾һ쳾
һӰ˲ʧٳʱ³֮ϣ̧𣬺Ȼ´ħ
˵һĻ𾪣ȫһǱ׵£ûзκβ
֮ϣӰ£ŵ³֮ϵӰɫ¡
ϾţǺ⣡ȵ
ˣᱣˣ
赭дݰ־ܾӵ֪ǰ֮߳ȴͬɽ㣬Խ
΢΢𣬶ĶˣȪλħľ߹ȻŲѰ塣
ؼ䣬˫ţĿ⿴·ӣɫԽԽ䡣
ģΪֿЩֿ꣬ʲô


1037 
ħϣƱ仯֪ġ
˼תƣɲǼ䣬һ񷡣
ؼ䣬Ŷħ˫Ϣˣħӿˣ˲
߾۵ǿߣһ߾ħ弸ͷ֮һʵ֮ǿ循塣
³ϵģһѲ֪ûٶ䣬ȻΪǿ󣬵ǣ֮ϣ
ŵܣΪսİ
ħˣޱߣ
춯صһƣƿ죬ħЯһɱͬŵܣ˿κ档
³֮ϣĿŴûƶ벽ȭֱӭȥ
ȭƽӣħ𺳣λ߽棬ħһ𵴿ɽס
֮䣬ȭȭ⣬ħ˫ƾΪӲӶԷȭ֮ĿĵĶԾڳ𺳲ѡ
ƼѪɽĽ²ˣȭԪ֮ȭǿӲ
𶯣ǰȭ죬Ƽ
н棬սȣսУħӿڵƿ޸
ħٲͬ߾۵ˣ£ȴߣ˿ɻ١
䣡
˻˵Ĵ򷨣һһ죬н˲֪ȭƣĻǵӣȴԽԽԽԽ
޾µҷħ循ž޵ľŻȻսǺεȸоգһսʰ֮ġ
Խҫ۶Ŀѹڵ޸֮ܣƵʹп⣬ҲԽԽŨ
Ѫ̼ħ߿ԣضս⽥գһ˫ӣȡ
㲻Ҫʶսڣȫ㣡
䣬˫ֿϣһȻƥħ̼䣬־սɺֺ
˵пȻƽʨ岻֮صĿѧǿĹһʱ˼¡
սɺ֣Ĳ̤գȭΪֵâն졣
ۼɺ軮նɫ˫ۻǰӲǿĹ
âƿգ£Ŀһ˲ն˫ϣҵУ˫ϣ״ѣӦ顣

һƺߣѪɽ͸壬ҫ۵죬ش
ʶսȴһзɺ£˵ǰĻ
䣬֮ϣӰ֣һȭʯ쾪
ȭӰһˣۻ޸
ѪȾ֮ɫԽԽ룬ôûս˾ˡ
ԸʹܣŭԪֻͬòͷ­֣棬𺳡
ޣһ֣Χı䣬﷽ԲԳһ硣
С֣Ϣ˵ѹء
·۶˿ϵս֣ɫ쳣ħһǿ˽֪ȴǿȾ⣬СҲԱ⡣
Զʱڵͷˣ¼ûκͬսսʤħһ塣
ϣĿſСɫκα仯Ų̤˲Ϣǰ
򵥵ʽΨп죬Կ壬գ·һϣһ֦ߡ
֦֣˲֦һ衣
֦ǰղϱѳâ֮˼ķɺΪҫ۷â
һƿգֻӰ̱飬ɫһ䣬Ӱ˰ٲ
˲ˣ
Цһ֦ܱ仯ħӿ˲ɰ˳ǹ
һǹħ죬һǹʻһ˵ĺں硣
׵ķɺ֮һǹҡǳδ񣬺ɫǹǰ
ӺݺһԪħɺ衣
𵴵ħɢһ˲֮󣬺ɫǹƿ赲ֱӹڡ

ʹƺؿǰɫǹϣħɢǹֱò
ѪȾ֦Ѫˮε£ǰ֦о֮ɫ
Ҫ𣿡
Ŀǰشߣ
ɱӿҪٳ֣һ̣֮ϣͻ䡣
ӿħϢ˾ˣԽ֪ʮء
ħʣ
ħУԨͽ۶ܵѹɫ䣬ħһĻ߾Ȼˡ
Ͼţڿվˡ
֮ϣħУһϵؼ䲻ϻصصԴϢ
߻ǰΪһʺ𣿡
Уʾħƣɫƽ
Ȼǡ
֮ϣħƾħʵΪħص䣬ҪǸˣʮа˾壬㲻ûпɡ
Σ
ĵͬħһϢֻҪӵѪħһˡ
ħһĴУѪҲܸıʵħ֮Уħʳ
ԭʼħУ岻߻ѵҪɱ𣬴ڵħѪʮ־ѳԽ󲿷壬Ѫ߻ҲҪɱ
࣬ı죬ϾţΪˣˣձҪߡħڣħʵٴδ
ŵǲӦأ
˵һ䣬֮䣬ɽԽ
Ϊֻһ¾ŵܵľսˣ
У֮ϣ󣬻߽ɫսףѪ˼ǿߣʱ޾£ٺ쳾
ϣĿŴħʣеһ¶֮ɫ
ʣͬĶԾսδ޾ħؼϯ
·³֮УʶŵˣɫħһĻ߾ȻҲˣ
ȷλħʶȻΪһλߣΪһδ쳾ĺһˡ
ΨһĽͣλħĻĿеľŵܣħľߡ
ħһʷ˽Ĳ࣬ǣϵˣʶħһǿߡ
ʣħ̧֣ۻܾ֮Ի֮ϣ߿ž޴ĺɫħ֣⻪£ع򶼷˱仯
ʵ˼䣬Խ֮ܣ·綼Ϊ˻ġ
ħ·ĿΧıع΢΢
֪ʵǱѰһ̤ħ⣬֮䣬ħ죬쳹ء
ֻӹڷ裬춯صУħ£һƿն𣬺ɫĹ⻪
һ̣ܣɫ⻪
ẉ̂
һ䣬ͬսɺΪΪ̥ľսںħһ޵е֮֮ǿ˸
˲Ӱٳ֣ǰһȭ俪գǺӡ
ħ̧֣ħӭС


1038 ű
ħϿգħʽħҡҷ
ħڿգ߿źɫħʣħ䣬ع򼱾仯
ʵѹ죬ǿиıĹˡ
У̧ԪħУһɫƿն֮
ű䣬ʱ޾˼䣬Ӱ˲ɺƿգء
ħʼ״һħǰ
Ŀ˲䣬ɺâħײУħ뽩֣ԴС
ߣĿԣħʿǰϾţɫϾħһп߾֮ˣ˶ϾűżϣҲ⡣
뵽ϾȴΪһŮӣѡҷӴԶֹ߾С
ӻĽĳ裬ֻΪһݵ΢Ůˡ
Ͼţˣ
ħ̧֣ϣڶħ£ֲûǰߡ
ļ״죬ɫ⻪תű䣬ڿն𣬼תľŵ⣬Ϊ޴ܣؼ䡣
Ƭ̺ħײ⣬˵ײűϣѳл
ನɣѪ£˰벽
꣬ΪһŮѡҷڣΪһѡᶯ֣Ͼţ̫ñʧˣ
˵䣬ħħӿ֮ϣħ׹£˵ħѹգֱײű䡣
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ٵķڣһͷɫ裬Ѫ㣬Ŀ쳣
սվδʵϾţ㱣ǸŮӣգͬˣ
ħɱתĿ⿴·ħеˣ̧һɻصѹ£û³еӰ
꣬δػ̫գ
δ䣬֮䣬ħңпʢһͻƣޱƽ߾
֣ΪһɫǹâˣѳУΧƬƬѡ
һ̤ս֣гǹƣâǧ
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ħ̤ܿһһعƣ֮䣬âԽ֡
ߡʵȻͬľ磬೬ľ޴ħʾͶ㣬֮ѹɺĹơ
ȫ㵹ս֣ɺ֮ڲ֮صħתΪ̧ϣħ˼䣬ħ𺳣쳾
ֲľħδԲڣɢ춯صħЯ֮
УĿ׹µħһ̾ԥ
ȣ
һ쳹صĳУħħԪȼգ԰ѪΪۣء
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ǹâƿգâˣħɫ̧ħԪӿű䡣
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ܺã
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棬ͬ御ǧħ
һ̣ħǿӰȭʽԭʼսȭȭڶԷ֮
ս֣սޣȭŲϽֲħһƬһƬա
սȣǿԳֹѣߡʵಫ˭ûа֡
䣡
˫ȭԺ䣬˸һħϢӿ֮ڣѼա
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䣬֮ϣħԶȥؼĿֲħѹ֮ʧ
ϣħʿԶȥϢüͷ壬ȴҲûΥֵּ⣬Ŀ⿴һǰӰϾţΪ֮
˵꣬ħħӿûƬ̺ʧ޼䡣
ս⣬Ҳ֮ȥʼδٶ԰䡣
뿪Ӱߵһ£Ŀɨħصľˣƽɡ
ħڣһħһž޵ߡ
лǰ
³Уһµӣڵ
ĵͷɵӽһ²


1039 ƽ
ħڣħӿһ˼亱Ĵսλħȥػһ£Ȱ֮ڽ
³Уλһ֮붨ħص
ݱ¶Ҳûڣ˫ںϣһħӿȫ
ħɢ³صĳˮӿûħڡ
һ£Ŀ³еӰɣӹ⻪ˣ͵ǰ
֮ܣѼǰȴܽȪյ˳̶ȣ˳Ծ
ӵħѪлȪѲɺܹͣڤڤ֮İŰɡ
ԶħǰĿⲻ³غһµɨɫ֡
Ż֮ǰĻζʲôѪϡ٣ڴ˵ѡҲ쳣ϸ񣬾Ż˾٣Ҫǰһ˳ݡ
²ûô򵥣λҪΪ֮ˣкܳ·Ҫߡ
塣
һ£ƹĿ⣬ԶİӰڵ
ԣɫһתŻ塣
Щ꣬ΪΨһ֮ˣҲ֪㸸ǰΪ⣬սԴһѧʲôƽ
ԣ¶ϲɫ룬ؾŻ壬ֶѧɺ
ĵͷĿ⿴³أħسһǷɺѧ٣ͿԼ컯ˡ
лŻ塣
ٶȹһл
ô
̾
ɫڵǷǷʵˡ
ǻˣ㲻в
ĵ
ԣɫ£֮󣬹лŻ㡣
ףûٶԣվһ£ȴ֮ڵĵ
ħǰĿ⿴³еˣвϷ𣬾ŻĻڸ·ħڲ۸ӣ治ףвٲ
ǰоŻɽǣŻϾ겻£ܶ飬˳档
ħ壬ܹʮλӣǣΪ̫ӵȴֻλǧλ֮쳣ңλ̫ӸӶԷΪУʱ޿̲ˡ
ŻĻ˵һѣǰݺʵһʵķԾϾǻϵֱӵв£һߣ˵һС
ȻеñʧõλպھͱȫħվȽŸ
ħǰ˼Ȩʧǰλˣʲֵ˼Щ£ǣ񣬴վžŻ壬Ͳò濼ˡ
ǰһսڳ˶ĿãŻʵԶ߾Ļʵǿߣս㸸ʺλҲС
ħУǱʱ伱ٷţ֪֮ʣ޼⣬塢ƽʨȻǿӭ䴫˻塣
ʱ䵽ˡ
ħǰ忴żµϦ̧𣬶ʱһȻħӿ֮ħء
أ˫ۣʶع飬Ŀ⿴ǰ֮ˡ
ǵˣڽǵȴλذɡ
Ŀɨˣƽ
۶Ԩ˱ȭһûж˵һһȥ
ħգջ࣬뾡ȥ̡
ǰŮĿ⿴һ۲Զˣĵеɫ
һٶϲо֧֣պħһĵλȻǱѰħħ岻ͬħΪѪȣͨ飬Ҳð弫͸ħ֮С
ǣȴһǧѷĻᣬǰ֮ˣǻϵǣž֧֣ħеĵλԲ̫͡
һˣδΪ뷽跨£Ķ
ҲҪжˡ
˼䣬Ŀٴοһ۲Զʱ˼ȥ
۶뿪һ£ĿǰˣƽҲ߰ɡ
ħǰͷˣ¶ѺõЦݣ֣߰ɡ
ףȥ
뿪ħ̣֮ԭʼħһĿɫ
λž޵ľڿϻȥ
ľǺεȵľޣ嶼ᣬ޵еߣлĻ߶˵гһն߾ΪһλµĻʵǿߡ
Ȼ˭뵽ΪһŮӣ׶䣬Ϊ˰Ц
ԭʼħʳǣһ޴Ĺ䣬УֱƵĻʵ㶦֮ڻʳģΡ׳
һգʳ⣬ɳ̤죬ӰΪߣһڻʵľ߳ǰɣһ۱ƿ˫ۡ
Ӱ棬һ߰£һ£ͬƽˮĿ⣬ȴǲͬĮ
ʳǰһλλħˣɫһ
ڶ֮ףؼ׵Ľͳ쿴ǰӣһǰ
ͳ£󷽣һλλҲ֮Ŀ⿴̫ǰӣ¶ɫ
˭Ϊ̫Ӹ

ʳǰͳڵϣЩ
ԣŲ΢ͣڳǰĽͳ죬ڵʶ
Ѻܾûг֮ǰ˵¼䣬ʶѾˡ
ħһȷԪƾãȴҲ޾뿪ʱ䣬̫ԶԶ쳾߾ѳų֡
ʱҼһΣķɣͳԼ
ǰͳ죬Ƭ̺߾۷壬ڵ㣬ΪѲڱˣɡ
л
ͳվһԣ̬Ϊ
´ǰͳ죬ɫʳǵĽһλ۷壬ʵ˼
īȻߣȴƾԼŬ۷徳񣬼ħ嶼źܸߵĵλպڻվȽŸ˴ùϵһԣѵ
ǰߵĴ΢΢ףӦл̫㡣
߰ɣǡ
ǰǰʳǣƽ˵һ䣬ǰȥ
Ӧȥ
˽ǣǰīԶȥıӰɫ
ξƻܵСλ˻
ħ﷢飬ʳдķз֪ˣһһλˡ
ǧĸѾﵽһĬƽ⣬λ˵ĳ֣ʽƽ⣬Ǿ˲Ը⿴ġ
֮ǰû˻ĻԻͣħһĽ


1040 ɺ
ʳУջһ콾ٶȳǰ
ʳڣĿȫǵˣȨÿһ
Я˻ĿΪΣҲΪ֪ǣ۾ΪΣʳϴƣǲɱ顣
ǰĴսк쳾ϵǿ߶֪ľʵڻʵǿߣĿֲսҲҪСӦԡ
Ż壬ֶҪлȥˡ
Ǻ忴ǰӣ
š
ͷƽȥɣǰ
лŻ塣
ûٶൢʱ䣬첽Զʵķȥ
ظ
뿪ˣ
ǡ
ͷӦ
˶Уžȥ
ʳݻĸۡѽķϣۡǰһƬ壬֮˶
ǰǰƿţС
ۡڣӲݴʧ޵ĸۡѺۣȥ쳣
𣿡
һ֮ˣʵ
ǰδĸۡ΢Цкöˣʰʰס
߲ģͻָķˡ
Ȳ֣ҵǲģûܰһЩ
ЦʰɣǰһطϢһ¡
ʦ𡣡ƽ
ڡЦ
Ҫб²ʦҪС
ʵҲǰ²ûΣ
Ŷ
ԣɫ֪λЩһֱ겻ϵ;ƣΪʲô
ǰ֮ʱ̫ӻ˹˼飬˸жЦ
˵滰ߵ
¶Σһ߿ʼʰԺһӦڣͼǰľսԣ̫ӵĿģѲ¡
Ļ̫ӶڿӱľսѵһҲ𣿡ڵ
Ȼġ
ЦЦڻصվħ֮ˣħ壬ǳнӾսúܶ˲ˣһͣʱ»̲סһЩ治飬ǰ鷳
鷳ͲỤ㡣
Ŀ⿴ԶʵЦ߰鲻ÿǣҲع˼ɣһ䣬ѧǲѧ
ǰߵĻشҲûٽ飬Ӧѧ
ʦ𣡡

Цһ񣬵ʦ𡣡
ã
ͷʰɣ嵽ȴǷɺ
˵꣬ûκηϻǰȥ
žıӰһЦħһҲˡ
ţΪһŮӵŻһ겻Ȼо巢ʲô£Ҳ֪ǣʣһʮ֮ˡ
ħ屡飬½֪½⣬⡣
УɨѾķõĸԺʰϦ£Ӳݴһŵģ
ڣվգʱŻع
ҹ٣ԺУæµ˴յһʯؿ£¶һĨ΢Ц
֪ԭʼħѾ֪꣬Щôˡ
㣬겻ڻ
ǸѾͷأ󣬻ȥ
ĺѩļ仹ڲʧ̫飬ʵͷ۵Ĺ
ʦأŮܰסħĺ֢
ţ֮ϣУҹ΢΢źҹ紵ƬҶڿƮ衣
ڵ⣬ԳĬˣ˭û˵һ仰顣
һĨǰ׷𣬺ĺҹȥǰһĨӰ츮š
ڣתڵȥӭӿˡ
ʯϣԣͷӾʯŸǰȥ
֨ѽ
Ŵ򿪣ʧ޵Ħ˴̶
⣬һϮµĻ̫Ӿˣ¶һĨƵ΢Ц
֡Цݵ
̫룡
ÿһ·
븮ƲʱüͷԾ塣
Ȼӣˡ
Ż塣
ع񣬿еӰһ񣬵ֲƲֶĸֶۡ˽ɨɾ󣬻ٻ
ô鷳
ڣӦһ䣬ʱ䱦׼ʼɡ
ԣͷû˵ʲô
ŸԺеˣڵǿƽʨ˽֣
ҡͷΪ̫ӣһһŶԼԲͬǻĻƽʨ֡
ڹսҵǺͻƽʨĻӺԨֹΡӦ
оΣʵ
䲻ǰѲǣƽʨĹʮ־ˣһһʽſֲıвΣաʵ˵
ͷڵʱֵս֮ʱԣƽʨν֣ɺҲǸʱ
˵һԵ壬㸸Ӧú˵ɺĿģΪƥлƽʨǿ󹥻ƽʨʲͬ壬ǿȼԼѪӶǿıʱۻʮĹҪѪ۳أײó
ɺƽʨط֮ͬЧħһѪǿ󣬲ѷڻƽʨ壬ԣݶƽʨ彻ֵᴴ˷ɺƾħǿͬʮҵĹȻʮĹͻʮĴۣǲѣԲҪʹãκ˵嶼гܵļޣ˲䱬ʮĹģѳԽħһ۷ǳΣա
Ļһһ䴫˶УҲһʾԽǿԽأʹá
ʾһΣ濴
˵䣬ߵԺģһ̤һħӿ
һ̣˵һĻڤڤħȼնڰĵ֮𣬽֮ȫڡ
ϣѹԽˣĿռ䶼֮Ť
ʮ⣬ǰߵĿѹ˳벽ǿסΡ
ӵĿ⣬֮ɫѲǵһμʵȴеĲ߾ӵ˿ֲѹߣ֮£Ψоһˡ
ھ˷ɺ֮ʱԶʵУվ쳣ֲϢ֣ħһλħžĿɫ
ϾŵʵԿȻʵǿߣٹãʳǾҪˡ
λǲɱ飬ʱ꣬Ҫٴһħߵ


1041 
䣬ɺ辪ҡء
ڤڤħ棬ھȼգֲѹ𵴣ռŤԳߵĴڡ
ʮ⣬˿žħ棬ɫ𺳡
ȼյѪΪǿһѹԽԽ£Խ߾ֱƻʵǿߡ
ÿ˵壬ͬһ¯ֻҪܵȼͻΪṩǿȻ½жȣһѪģ޷ʱظҲԹĴۡ
˵䣬̧ħûˡ
ڣɺǣδʮڣ˾ȫᡣ
ħɢûʮɷԲĿ⿴ǰˣеɫɺÿ˶ʮյʱǶ޷žǾ˵˷Ե
˵ͷħҵȸУӶ
ħ漫ǰУڵĸУʽľ󲿷ֹۣδ
ʱ󣬾Ϣʮ⣬ڵħҲ֮ʧҲֺ
ʽѽ̸ǣδʮڣҪľ취µȼħ棬÷ɺ֮
˵꣬߿ռˡ
ǰ˫պϣŷħ߹ĸоһħԪתǰĺۼγԡ
ӹ๣˵һγԺʶʧˣħԪйȴκҲûз
һʧܣ˶ûзϣžȼѪʱÿһϸڣٴοʼԡ
Զˣûָ䡣
ɺʱҪԶԶֹڴˣΨиŻջ̫׵õĶԶ̡
䣬һʱ佥ȥǰħӿȻһչȥ˭δܵȼħ档
ҹϢ٣¶վǰͻȻ΢΢
һƺɫ΢ȴ쳣
ʱ˫Զľһ񣬵лŻ塣
ôܵȼħ棬治ҪȱλҪ̫ˡ¶п֮ɫ
Ż
¶΢Ц߶һգþŻˣֶǰ²Ҫع췣Ͳٶ

ͷȥɡ
ٶһתȥ
뿪ټУٴʣˡ
֮ǰħӿ糱ԽǿȻȴʼûеȼħס
վһԣĵȴܿóλҪ࣬һ޷ȼħ棬֡
һչȥǰһ·ʲô鶼ûз
ڶգգĵվǰȴΨһĵ޳ɷɺֻǣȴʧ
աաʱһȥھյƽڳһ˿仯Ŀ⿴ǰüͷʱ
Ȼ׼ǣλ޷޳ɷɺණ޷ٽ
ʣգھ֮ʱҵĳɫԭ֮ƣ˲ȼһħ
ţ
״¶֮ɫǻǣ췣֮
Уһӿ𺳡
Ͷȡɡ
ǰߣ
ʲôҪҪǽʦ𣡡΢Ц
᲻֪Ϊã֮ڰԵҪСĽѵ
ס
ӦȼħҲֻȨ֮ƣ֪ԼѰԲŻպԼȼħ棬Ȼٶ֮
΢΢ףȻа취ȼħ棬ǽĶܼ㣬ʱ䲻࣬Ҫϧٹãʾͻ빬ʱͱҪħߵеΣգǱѰʵѳɹ߳
ԣüͷħߵʲô
ڲô࣬ȫͱѧϰսɣû㹻ʵ֪ٶҲá
ǡ
Ӧ
ɺѳžսеʥ;ʥǸݽľԷĹѶ䲻ɺѧѾҪﵽԷĳ̶ȣҪŬҪʮٱڷɺھȷǹ֮ҲǷ֮֮Ҫű䣬Դ޶ȵǿɺʥܡɫѵ
ͷŬлرһϲ顣
ϸã
˵һ䣬ǰһȣΧħӿ˲ϢħΣǧϸ緢˿ħϢƣһһ㽻֯Ϊɫս¸
ǰ״ɫþ˵
Ǿ
δ䣬ŵű䣬˼䡣


1042 Ů
֮ǰű֣ŵɫ̬ϱ仯ǹꪡ񽣡¡
ر仯ͬ˼亱ħ־â
ű䣬ǳᣬһΪıƿͱ뽫¡
ɢȥ仯ħ˿⣬ǧ˿ƻǰڡ
ʮʱɺΪ˷ʮ޷գپҲãʥ;ͬϰֹûнݾֻܿϰգ빬һˣΪȡʱ䣬ڼ䣬ҪȫϰնٱǶ٣
˵꣬ϣɳǰߡ
лʦ𣡡
ǧħ˿Уӹ⣬һ񣬲һж˼ֹ
ĳǰľĽ̵ħһλħʣ빬ҪԵѹ֪
֮ű䣬Ѵ㣬ץʱɡ
ͷǧħΪ˿ߣ仯
𣬾ŵƣħ֮ħӿˡ
վһԣţλӣȻ츳㣬δ쳾ѹͻƽʨĻӻŮõ徺ϯ֮λɼǺεȾˡ
ʥ;ط̫ߵ츳ֻҪƴϰлرʺλӡ
ţ̫̫࣬䣬ȱľţų֮˵಻Ȼ߾ͻ߾ǿȴǷëǡ
֮·ҪٵĥѺ̫࣬츳ͳɾͲԵȣܹɳҪ顣
λӣ⣬Ȼ츳ȴǷȱһЩ
ǰħ糱ӿУһãͬʱʥ;
һ˫֮˿ԻǷܣ˫ͬޣʥ;ศɣٶȱ
ԶĿǰĽȣɫ
֣յ֮죿
λϻк֪ܶܡ
ʱţתһʱȥ븮ʵķȥ
УֻʣһˣħӿԽˡ
ʵΡ޴󹬵ǰǧʯֱħһȨĽѲ֪ڶ¡
һΣǧʯǰһλɾһϮɫüĿգǷ
֣ʵǰһλλɫ׷׹
ˡ
һʵУվϼۣһϵ֮
ˣûˡ
ԣһų֣Ϣۻ룬ɲ⡣
ĵʵ޽ӽ߾ⲢǺ¡
һԣħѹ춯ء
ʱ޾£ٴ֣ͬһʵУħɽʱնԴС
ʱʵǰӰ֣ʵ
֮£ǰеĲûκͣͣĻ彾񳯣ɡ
ʵܾģλ֡
ɫƽ
ƽ
λħм䣬һħʵ𣬵
л֡
ֱŻǰӰĿֱӣûа
ھ֮ʱԶʮ֮ң⣬֮ؾɾһԴУڳϺͺ֮ǰŮĻرɫ쳣
ϣôλϣ֮Ŀ⿴·ϯλߣڵ
ŮĽȷֵÿǣо໤λ壬Ѳɱ飬ħ壬һǧѵõĻᡣϯλ
⵹δء
߶棬һλ׷ԲԵڣǻˣҪ壬ҪͨħߵħߵѶȣλǧжٴħħҪ壬ղʧˡ
Ļ䣬ڳ˶Ĭ˵ȷħߵʵħΪǻħµϰҪ¡
ĸףϣϣħУʶǺεȵǿһλڻʵǿߵǿڣλ޷ͨħߵֻҪܹõĺøУֵͬá쿴ˣɫ
ϣ֮üͷ壬в˼֮ɫ
ĻȷеǣѡҪѡ
Ůӵȷ٣ǣͨŮӲʸĵ
ĸףȥɡ
ʱԶһλŮջ㣬ȴɫԶվںŮԣԵƽ
á
Ůӣ¶֮ɫȻû뵽ǰ߻ڴˡ
ĸףλ밲
Ů񣬹
ɡ
ϣ֮ǰŮɫ֪ղ˵ʲô𣿡
֪
Ů̬ƽħҪһ൱ˣҺʥŮܼħ壬ѡ޷ֻҺĳ⣬ΨݣΪʡ
ģĵӴδı棬˾𣿡֮ɫص
ģڡŮ
֮ԣĿ⿴ߣڵλϣôΪ
ϺͰ׷һۣ˵ͷȥȷʵѡ
𣿲Ҫ嶯
һԣ쿴ԼĶãȰ
ģǾ˼ǲ˾ġ
Ӧ
üͷԾȻԸ⣬ȴҲûٶԡ
λӵȷǣϾδ棬Щġ
ŮӲ٣ĸѡһΪŮںħû뵽վ
Ȼͬ⣬λĵӴħߵ󣬱ħɡλϿڵ
ϣ֮΢ԥһ£ȴҲûɾܾεص˵ͷϵ˼ɡ
ĸףλϣ£иˡ
ϯ䣬ĸ׺λ峤Ϲһȥ
ǰȥıӰ֮ɫŮһĬԣĹâ£Եʮƽ
ֻǣһεľʵ˵ϡ
Ů˽⣬ʵ̫ˡ
ĸףŮҲиˡ
ϯ䣬ЩĲ£˹һҲȥ
̶̲ԶСǰǰŮӣӿŲǰ

쿴ǰߣڵ㲻ҪɵǺŮӲ٣òȥǼ壬ܲһõǰ̣ǣ㲻ҪαίԼ
㡣
ƹĿ⣬Ůӣ΢ЦҲǷɵԸģŮӳ˽㣬Ҫˣһͬϲˣھѡ񡣡
˵Ŀ⿴Զһλѹ콾ǿߣ޸ûȻǴδ棬ǣԸһΡ


1043 ħߵ
ԭʼħһʵУԾѹȥһ࣬Ŀȴһ
Ȼ˶ǣһµʱ䣬һʵڣʼûκζ
λħʵʲô
ʳУһʵ򣬲ϲ²о˺¡
ֹʮգһʵϿգӿһϵ쳹ʳǡ

һħʳ𶯣Ŀ⿴¶ɫ
Ҫʼˣ˻صʳѽµʱ䣬һֱڵȴһյĵ
ǻѪҪħ壬Ҫħߵѵ˭Υ
ĿУŴ򿪣һӰ߳׷裬쳣
׷һһʵȥ㣬ηκĥѡ
ʵǧʯǰ֪Ӱ֣ߣеĽĿǰϵ
һʵǰʮصĿֲϢ⻪ҫĿӰ
ʵ·һǿӰҷУУλ̫е֮ףϢǿǿһˣѵ۷塣
λ̫ڣ˵Ŀⶼ˹λӣǶжţȴ˭ûм
徺ϯѹλ崫˵ǿߣܴķ˵ǰ֮˶ܳƵ֮ӡ
ħȱʲô֮ӣ֮ڣͨӵܣŵ嶼ǾԵš
λħʣ
֮Уͣ½Ų
ƽ
λħм䣬һħʿڵ
лħʣ
ֱվԭء
֮ףŵеӰƽ˫ɫµʱ䣬ֻôãħߵ޷ٲ֡
ǻ֮ˣħ壬ͨħߵĿ飬¾ӦѾ㣬׼
֮ǰҫĿϼУһħʵٶʵ
ħʣʦȷѾ֪
ƽӦ
ȻѾ֪Ҳٶѿֻ࣬Ҫ˳ħߵʽΪħ֮ˡһħʵ
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㻹ʲôҪ˵𣿡ǰһħٴοڵ
ħʣûˡӦ
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䣬֮ǰħױȵĿֲѹڣ֮
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Сģɣǿ󡣡
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֮ף忴ռͨɫ
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ħߵʵڣһλλ׵Ŀٴο֮׵ľʱô꣬ٻ˶뿴Ľ
ʳǵƽǧ꣬һƣʳǵᱻϴƣһȻҲܵСӰ졣
ģʱʵˡ
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һ䣬ԾŻعгزѡ
л˻ѡ
֮ףƽӦ
棬⣬λ̫ӿŶľиȨ⣬˭ûбֳ֣̬ƽͣ˿

ħߵڣħӿһƬ룬ɫء
йħߵ飬ֻǼ𣬲ûϸеΣգԣħߵνһ֪
˼ת䣬һǰȥ߳ٲΧ˲䣬ڰʧۣһƬȻ̲£ﻨ㡣
ݵ֮ϣһ䣬ǰһĨٻӰҩ԰У̬רעǰҩݡ
ŮգϤǾޣĲƷŮӡ
мˣһ˳ǣٹ˹֪ٵá
ʱ꣬ٴμϤգӲԾһ¶һĨ˵Цݡ
ǰǰҩ԰УŮӻףˣȻһЦˣȥϴϴ֣׼Էɡ
á
ͷ΢ЦӦ
ڣ˵ϴ֣ߵǰϵķˣЦԽˡ
ôˣθ𣿡Ůӿǰߣ
ǡ
ҡͷЦһЩ£³Էɡ
Ůףڶ꣬Ϊǰ߼һЩˣһЩ
ͷÿӵ΢һЩĬĬؿʼ
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á
ٴεͷӦ

һʵħߵ󣬴ϣһõĻ֣ӳħߵڷ顣
֮ף忴Ļüͷ塣
ħߵӦ˼飬ϲŭ֡һأԶԣǱȽףû뵽һرС
ݻþ߳ᱻԶУѵûѹĵӣҪСħߵеĸþ𣿡
棬һλʵǿĻ߿ڣЦ
Ҫ
ԣĵӣô򵥾ͱڻþС
ǰħУħʿǰĻ΢΢
λħйһ棬ڴӣһЩ˽⡣
λ˶¶κξ⣬ɼǺεȵļᶨӦòһؾͱڻþС
Ѿ֪ǰһĻǻþΪλⱻУ
ִԸ߳
ħԱߣһħʿڣƽӳ壬ȴʧħɼУ˶֪Ĺӵȷûбþ֮УԼԸ߳ˡ
˹֮ʱħߵһڣʱձãµӰǵŮӲǰУݵıȥ
ʮ֮⣬һĹǰŮǰ׼õļƷ
ĸҺͷˡ
ŮӹĹǰľеļƷһһóϣ¶һĨ˼֮ɫ
һԣҲĬĬǰĹϿŵ֣֮һεκɫѪ¡
жûв𣿡
ŮӻףˣЦº͵
ˡ
ӦĿƹŮϤݣĺ񣬼һģһ
Ů΢Цʶһ£üħߵһ֮
䣬Ůݱ仯գ֮ǰһ˿֮
㷽ű仯Ůӣҵӡ
¶һĨ΢Цأط仯ѩ콵ת۶
ܵؼڵĸı䣬üɫ΢䣬ô£ж
̧֣֮䣬Ůʺ
ü㣬ȴ̶Զ
ڣ㲻ˡ
סǰŮʺŻº͵飬˿̱ñ쳣


1044 Ŀ
ħߵһأþ֪þָòһ̣ɱֿ̧סŮʺ
˫ۣ޷ŵᣬӰأԲǧﾡ
ü𾪣¶壬ǧһθо֮
˿ûεɱԽ̹ǣϣȪϢƣ˷
ܵǰɱ⣬üѸٻûλΣ˲˳֮⡣
صĹ壬δ״΢΢һһ˲ǰ
֣֮ӰΣϣħӿƵǧɡ
üѹеĿ־壬һ쳾ΪֻΪΪʵǰߡ
˽֣ɱˣ˫ںۣ֮һΪֱƺ쳾
н棬ǿħߵһ֮к쳾ΪȻսĻü֮䣬ȫܵѹƣ
ս˾ѧһǿժ
Уضժʽҡǳ
ߣƼüܲһƺߣӰɳɡ
ȻһħߵһУüײһɽ壬пѪѳ֡
ǰѩƣûǰ
ع֮ˣսֹͣħߵһڣҡڶصڳ֣Ի֪ǰ
룬ת֮ʧ
ħߵڶأɽ룬ѹѹ֮ϣϢˣա
ǧ֮УһλӾֳֳꪣƥ
߷ϣѪĺӰгŮţѪӿȾ
ŮӺɽ׹£ǰѪĿġ
ϤĳԸһĻ·Ÿ߷ϵľ󣬼֪ħߵĻþŭ
ħһУȴ˰̣˿ٶȱҿŲһ壬
£ٻӰӸ߷׹£𺳣Ϊӵˣ׳Թ޻ڡ
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ն£飬УӰɢ飬عޡ
ƿգƿɿ죬ħߵڶ֮Եսꪣ顣
ףӿħУ֣Ȼһ±ꪡ
Ŀ˫ۣŭ⣬Ǹɱһȣһɱ¾Ϣħг־â
ߣӭϣ쳾ڵΪͿḻս飬֮䣬вԶһ֮
ħߵڶ֮һɱԽԽң˲ȡ
ƵನɽʯΧ߷岻䣬⻮һɽ屻նס
豹Ľƽ棬Ȼȴġ
УռϷ磬쳣һ˿֮ҲȫС
䣬ȴ˷֮䣬˳ƲܿսꪣԪǰؿڡ
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ȻӱδӦ
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ꪽ棬νɲǣԪһѧ֣˳𺳡
ٳ죬ɲǣӰˣܿξˡ
ִӦУ֣Ӱӹ֮䣬˲ǰ
նɷֱбΣϮܡ
ߣԪȻһǰ߱ϡ
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ĳˣɸߣϣӰ䣬˫̤ϵɲǣԲĴ¡¡εسɷ壬ΪΣסӡ
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ǰģֶͣ£֮߶ɽ忪⣬ͳħߵڶ֮
ϲ㣬ˡ
ѹм¶ڵ
䣬֮䣬ռصԻ
ûе飬ֱС

ʱǧɽˮɽϣأ¡¡𣬲ʱ֮ϣ޾״ء
ԶɽУ߳ǰеı仯ɣ˫һĨɫ
Ҫͻ𣬿δ˵ȫǻ¡
쳾ɾɷ֮ϰֻҪͻǵҵδ޿
޾ûأ֮󣬽ɢУһĨս׵Ӱֳֻ߳ꪣɷĿ


֪ʲôżǸڴħߵħܶ˶ϣɹĳɹ߳ʳЩףҲɱĻỹкܶࡣ
˵䣬ԶʳǣǸڰµӰΨܹȥ
о໤ҪʵҪ鷳࣬ʳ۸ӣô׵ǣƣҲ²֡
ͬһʱ䣬塢ƽʨ塢ʯһȼУĿҲеʳǷ
徺ϯħһѪ˶û뵽飬񣬴˱Ϊӣ𾪡
ʵ̫⣬ħĽδ߾ͱλʵǿ߶϶Ȼ߾ľ콾ٴγɽһˡ
ĵӣħҪĵλӡӣ̫ӣ
ħлѪӲǣʵճĻֻʮλλ̫ӸӵĻѪ츳ʵѰſɼ
δ߾˵ĵӵĵλǣħһսܶ˶ĿãľʵѲڻʵǿߡ
ս˵ʳǣѿԸΪĻʳǡ
ӵλʵǿսħ壬ÿֲݣԶҲƥС
һλߣĴˣħĵλ˶ڴ
ĿʳУǧټǵĿͬҲʵ򣬵ȴյĽ
ħߵֹĵȫħõĽڣһʧܣҲܴ졣
ǧħߵֹħ֮壬ϣһҲ⡣
ħǿ󣬲⣬Ѫ಻Ϊ֪أЩأΨл֮˲ʸʶ
ħߵأɽ飬ѪȾأһĻͿ̿ı֮
ȻǰغΧþ޶ãг׽֮ɷԽԽأһնþ˲ơ
ռ仯֣֮δӦӰȻˣ׽ʻĿѪۣ䡭


1045 
ħߵأ񵶰Ե쳾ڵع֣֮һ£ɨǧ
棬ֳֳ֪һս𣬾һǿߵķâ
棬֮ڶǻɽɱӡ
ǰ·ѣ֪ȴǴη壬һ֣նһ谭
𣬼¶ԾХ죬档
֮˼亱ԭ֮ܣ𺳡
Ȼ֮У֪˿޾壬ǧ
һ˲ǧӣȭƽ棬ƽɫ֮ƣԴʵľˡ
һʵУλħʡϵĻнǲƽ
һǿʵǱѰ
δ쳾쳾ڵǿսƽɫħһĻҲ޷
Ѫ¹սУʯ塢廹лƽʨӵλŮĲԩ
ģλӣ
ǰϢУ˻ħʿڣ͵
·֮ףǰĻеĴսƽлֵŸոտʼţʵԶˣȽۼ֤һһ˵ĻԻ͡
һ䣬ȻĻʵ̫дˡ
λ˵ȷǣһһۣԹ˭˵
콾ʤ塢Ĵ˸һһޣټħһλӣǧ棬ʶ´˶ԡ
һһˣģϣĵܳܵۡ
ǰĺɫħУħʵĮ
λħ֮䣬һħûгǾؿĻ˼Ϊ壬Ҳ޲ɡ
ʳǣ̫ãʱ̶ˮˡ
ʺ˼ʱħߵУ֮սȣ£ҫĿ
ϽӰħӿ⽣Ӱնһһɽɽ֮䣬Ӱÿһν棬ɳˣס
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ԭǺ쳾Ϊлˣ
֮䣬й⻪ԽԽң쳾֮ϵǿ߽ѲǵһΣһֱΪƽȵս
ǰʵ㣬޷쳾⣬Ѳǧơ
Ȼ߽䣬۽ıƣվ;Ψǿ󣬷Ӧһм֮Σ
ѩǧ
𺣷ѩ죬ĻУ֮žѧ֣̣ϷƱ䣬ޱߺӣǧ˲⡣
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ᣡ
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Ȼ𣬵֮ϣ󷽣гǰʺϣâ²
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䣬ԶվĹصڳ֣ߡ
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ˣɷ᷽ŷʲôٶΪλͻȻ֮죿
֮ǰȥӰʵ
ҿˣˡ
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̫ͻȻˣƽɫսΪλͻȻ֮伱תֱ¡
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ⲻǴ˵вŴڵĽѼΨڣλĵӾȻֻڴ˵е
أѵˡ
һħҲ࣬˻ħٴοڵ
ĵġ塢֮ʵȻԽǿǲûʵı仯λ˱ֳʵأӦò⡣
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عʵףȻŽϼ֪֮䣬ơ
δʶսλع޷仯ܡ
ħߵأսܵع߿ǰˣ¶֮ɫ
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ã
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1046 ħ
ħߵ߹أ֪ܣﻨ㣬һƬɾ
УΣգɫȴǸأȫĽ䱸
֮ѹ߹صعһλ߾Ŀǿߣܴ⡣
߾ľĴߣÿһλͨ˵ǿߣƿ򣬳Ѻ쳾ʵǷ
ħߵһأǧߵ˹߲࣬ȴҲûУǣеĴȫһꪣԽ֮
ﻨɾУκӰɫԽأĿ⻷ӣ䱸ܡ
аٲԶٲˮУͣƬ̺ˮķȥ
ʮı̶̲ϣٲϳˢ·ʯٲ£һ̶ˮԣȥ峺쳣
̶УԡŮӣ徧Ө񣬳䣬ջ
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̲ǰ̶ǰ̶ͣԡŮӣһǰ
ô𣿡
̶УŮӱǰߣ˵
ŵȺߣӦһǰӦ
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˵Ϊʧƽ
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Ůӻף̶ߵˣȻһЦÿ𣿡
ÿʵӦ
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䣡
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һħԱߣĺɫУħʴ֣ȷʵ̫ʣȾŵ֤ûߵٽĵӷΪӡ
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1047 ʮ
һʵֹħʵּ⡣
λħУħҲ飬ͬһħʵľ
Ȼһħȴûħķԣ飬ּ
֮ףһĻɫûκξȣ·֪һħʻ˾
һħұߣ˻ħѡ˳ĬûжԴ·
ħʿһħʵļֺͰ˻ħʵĳĬƺʲôٶԡ
·һҲڲͬѰգвԸȴҲòȥʵ
֮Уܷ⣬һɫǰӳǰ
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պ󣬴ħһأʴħһطħű䣡ǰһħʵϵ
ǡ
£λ°ɡһħʵ
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ħű䣬ǻĲ֮أΨλӻ߾Ļ׷ʸУһħҪԴڴħű䣬̬
²ΪҲûٶȥ
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˻ħʣҴħһá
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ģİţ⣿
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ܷħһʮѳɶ֮ʱؾһλλŴ룬ħ巢ر
һʯǧˣԾħ˾
Ϊħ޷ܾҲᾡֹĵ壬෴
ĵܷʮӣζţĵλѿλħʣĪǣҪͻ֮
һʱ䣬֮ڣĻ̻̣ħһӵλħʮֿµ飬ֵλħʣǼ֣Ҳ޷ƺħһ塣
壬ؾУʳǵܱ֮ͼλϿ֮ɫԳ
֮£Ѳˡ
Ͽϵĺ֮ڵ
µȷ̲ݻܱȥɡ
׷
ֻ֮̾ӹܱͳ
ԶСԺУһλòԼŮӾԱߣŮͬǵգһ۱
ʱվһĨӳŮǰ
֣ӹеţһۣݸ֮ˡ
ӹţ֮ɫ̱仯
Ȼͨħߵ
Ͼ֮ɫ
˵Уħߵһأعһλǿߣλͨ˹أʵѿ߾
㣬Ķˡ
ĿעԶɫº͵
쿴ߵİã̾λӼ棬ȴȫ͸Ļ֮ˣ㵣ί
Σܰ档
ģȻѡͲڡ
ԣĬ֮󣬿ڵΪ׼¡

Ȼһµĸۡǰ˹ʱ˿֮ͬ
ڣǰ壬ڵ̫ӣʵô鷳ġ
ӦøĿڳƻˡ
¶΢Ц·֮λûһĸۡңǾŻúʲҵġ
̫ϰˣͻȻĿڣЩϰߡ
ЦЦûڴ϶ԣת仰һһֱûףħߵ߹صع֮ǺݣϣƺܵһʮرϢ
ԣһ̾ǰ˻ŮҲħһĶȴΪĸݵ΢֮ʵܵӺͻŮżİǰ߾󣬱ԶԸǰȥħߵİ䣬δ߳һΡ
ɫԭݺ;ѹֽʱܾôŮϤϢ
ʮܣպҪǰħؽħűĴУǧѷĻᣬһҪա

ħű䣬Ĳ֮أоű֮Ĺֻǰأ۷壬߾
˵һתҪ֤ûߵͱԼڰص֮߳ԼĻ֮·Ӷ֤ߴڴ˵еħھű䣬ҲǴڴ˵Уδܹ
ԣ΢΢ûжԣǰ˵ȥ
ħأӵűħظӾħħһķպ󣬸ʴħűʱʮգڼ䣬ͻԽ࣬ջĺôҲԽࡣѵ
л̫ѡɫ
ͬʱħߵ߹У𶯣һǿޱȵϢ٣˻ħ
쳣ˣʮأ˻ħ̶̶̲Ůӣڵİδˣ㻹ԭ¸𣿡
̶УعǰӰ¶΢Цԭ£ʺδ֮УŮס
˻ħԣһ̾ûǿ󣬿ǰŮλ˴ʣʲôҪ𣿡
̶Уɴ֮£µ屻ڣ¶˿⡣
Ҫƽ
Ļʵܣ
˻ħɫ£
ʵΣħʱع׵Ĺأʣ˵𣿡¶Цݣ


1048 ħű
ԭʼħħأħƣ쳣ħ÷ԲΪ˼ء
˵Уħһ嵮֮أħԪսʱѡصأҶ
һգԶӰ㣬ɫˮȻһͷɫȴ˴ۣƽֲɣ
أ̿ԸܵΧؼǿӶֳأ໤˼Ϊ
ݼλħʣ
ͣ
ƽ
䣬ħħϯһɳԽؽ޵Ŀֲѹ֣ħһһħħ롣
ǰؼǿħɫ£ʵеĻӰǰħʣ˼ɵ
жϲǰһħǽֻһ
һ̣һħĿҲǰˣڵѪ൱壬Ҳ̫࣬ɼɵħħһ嶨ȻǱѰ
ⲢҪо໤ѽȣȴλħʣܹ
ʳǡԭʼħ̫ãҪ˴ƽ⡣
ǰ˱õѡ
˼£֮ϣһħֶ̧죬ƻۣһΡʥƾնԿȴС֣ħϿա
ɣ
һħʿڣƽ
ǡ
ӦŲһ̤⣬ſеĸȥ
һ̣ħ֮УĿ⿴Χ׳Ľһǰȥ
ħѪٴ촹䣬Ѫȵζɢؼ䣬Ż
Ѫǰħһħն뵳ʵݡ
Խؽ޵Ĵڣͬϼġ
ʱӰ֣ϵĻߣһ
ħʣ
ض񣡡
һħʿڣȥѪվţʴħű֮
ǡ
Ѫȥ
ΰ׳۵Ѫˮٲ׹£¡¡𶯣쳹У̸ܵҵȸдܡ
Ѫ֮ǰһħʿٲµӰƽֻʾһ飬٣Ϳ컯ˣ
䣬ؼ䣬ħϢ糱ӿû﷽Բ
ڰħϢУħ䣬ؾ磬仯Ӱأޡ
Ѫ£һ֮ʹһ߾ħűÿһر仯סС
ű񣬴˵֮䣬һħܻڰ˱䣬һѹﵽһֲֿĵزǧɣܸܵ޿ƥеС
Ѫ·˫ħѹ˫ϥҵʹഫȴҧ£
жϥлƽϥʧ޼ۣ
޾ħϢУڰ˱֮һħѹĿעǰӰһĨɫ
˵־ǱѰ
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䣬֮ϣһħӰȥת֮ʧ
Ѫ£ԽԽҵʹУŬ߶ħԪмµħű䡣
ֻʮʱ䣬Բ˷ѣΣصԭʼħ򣬶ǿһ֣һֻȥıϡ
ѪټҵոԼоȻ̫ʹӲЩʹ࣬
һسʶؿ΢ؿɽظҡǡһһصı仯֪ѧᡣ
գѪ֮£ӡ֤ħűѧ߶ȼУδܲΧı仯
ѪǰѪУһĨٻӰ֣ɴ壬ȱҫ˵Ө׹⻪
ĿעǰٲµӰתˣҪˡ
רעˣΪˣħߵУڣûˡ
յʱ䣬һһ谭̤۷壬ϳ쾳
ҡǣһУܴƺ쳾ɾıݣ̤봫˵еĵľ
ʲ콾˵ЩĻӺͻŮҪľ졣
һǧѷĻǰֻҪħħ䣬һ쳾ɾʮɵİգδʮڣȫ̤ľ
Ѫ£ӿħԽԽˣ֪ڣħѪҲѪٵ£ԽԽ޽ӽѪ
۷壬֮ܣһһγҡ֮Ȼͬǰص˳ҡǾǰһζδܳɹ
ѪУؿǰߣЦԽԽᣬˣҲĵʱ
̧ϢӣƬ̺ѪطԲʮڣȫ
ǣ
֮ʱħһħ˫ۻȻԶɫ
˻ģ㣡
Ǹ
˻ħʵ̾һҪ޷ܾ
֪ôζʲô
һħɫ
һкһеһΡ˻ħЩƣӦ
˻ģû뵽ҲϾһΪšһ̣ħʵ
˻ħʳĬûзǷֻ̫࣬Ҫܸˣ⡣

죬¹ŵУ̨֮ϣ»䣬Уոһգ긴һꡣ
̳˰һ˾ְʮУû뿪¹ŵذ벽ڼ̨ϣΪϵ档
ʮϢĹԣٶȽٰһ塣
̨£ǧ棬ҹ档

ͻȻ»֮Уһƺߣ˫ͻȻ
֮ĸӦѹѪ궯Ŀ⿴Զɫ¡
ħˣֻǣ̫ԶҲ޷֪ǳʲô¡
֮ΣǿҵΣУܸоóԲǡ
֮ΣǱħʲôķҵĸоǴ
˾
̨£һλ׷ԲԵڣɳƵʲô𣿡
û¡
ҡͷĿջأǿѹеĲ±Ŀ档
ԭʼħ̫ԶڸϹȥҲѾֻϣħԼӦε鷳
ԭʼħħأѪ֮У֪ȫΧı仯ȫȻ֪
֮Բʮûһط
ѪУȱ֣ͪջ
ħŮӵյ֮ŮȻΪĸ׳΢żȻ˭ܷʵľˣİǰ߾ħ壬ʮλӻŮУܹƥС
һһǰϣɴһһȥ¶ļ˿ش󣬵Ѫˮ䣬졣
Ѫ£˫գѪնʹüͷʱ
ḧǰ˵ӣЦһգңΪλͻȻ䣬ڽ㣬ǽѡˣĳ㡣


1049 
ħأѪ֮У֮ƣڱط
Ѫ£ǰˣ΢Ц쳣ħһŮӵλԶӣѡԼķܣѾˣ٣ѡĻᡣ
̧֣ḧǰӣֵĺϢ˿˿ûڡ
ʱƤΪɫ¶ȼߣҲʼ
Ȼ˫ۣҶɱֿ̧סǰʺǿڴһһŭߣҪǰɱǰŮӡ
ɰһ裬ΪʱǰȫģԲŻȫû֮£ȴû뵽ħл˶֡
ɢѪҷӿѹƣȫ޷±˰㣬˳žӣʶһʱģ֮ס
ʮܣȰ㻹ǲҪˣԽǶڵĶԱӵԽ졣
ǰ֣֮ˮһŤţǰ֮ˡ

ǿҵĴ̼ʶܵԡĳģΣ֮䣬ȴƾǿ־ǿס侲̧ԪȻһӡؿڡ
һƺߣαһĨѪȻ䡣
ʮܣŪ۽ˡ
ֲ̧ǵѪû
̧֣ǿѹ־һԪӿ̼䣬﷽ԲѩƮ㣬˼䡣
һ˲ǰѪɫٲܵǣ¡
֪ǰ֮˲ܾó֣̤࣬ܿС
Ϭʮʽ
ŭ֣ǧˣѪطӿѪХǰ
ɱԵ֪һ˿֣Ͷ㣬
ɱİѪɫŭɫ΢˻Χؼ䣬ҺۣΪϣǰ
һ̣ҵĴ֮䣬ظԲǧڣطɳ
ֽ𶯣̤ߵˮ֣ħ־â
һն㸲ӽɲǣӶȻһ׹ѪС
˵ΪԽ֪֮ʣΣ
һ˲֮ӹԪЯ֮ǰߡ
һڰ֮ʱ֪ȴһģ
𶯣Ԫ°ֲ֮ǰӣħԪߣӿӡ

Ѫ壬֮棬ҵʹ࣬ƺߣȻǿҵʹмȴʶ

ʶѣɱӳңΪȭħǿƺ
춯صһȭٶȼ֮죬ɳʮɡ
һ߾ɱ飬һߴ֣˽棬սּת¡
ȭƸŶݵʱ䣬һ御˫ںϣ˫˲ڰԨ
ħ⻪ҫбӰӶ籼ף顣
״֣˻ֵ֮籩Ĺ
Ȼ֮Բ𑈣ʮ⣬Ѫ֮ˮΪΣҷӿ
Ȼɱԣ쳾Ʒޡ
ƵУƾħ֮һһعƣȻħЧѽ⣬Խ·硣
ԭʼħ״˶ŭѪ֮Уħ֮Ѫ˽ļ
ʮܣѵô𣿡
¶⣬ܿһһعƣ˿ڽȴ˵Ĵ⡣
ûлش𣬳ųʣʶֿ̧סӼ׹¡
¡׹ѪأѪ֮ˮ·֮Խҡ
ɱȭȭ⣬˫ɺڰΪɺ죬ѹ֮
֮ʱħʮصӰŸеĴս˭ûв֡
ôãȴܱѣĵӣʵ򵥡սãħʿڣĮ
־֮ᶨ亱ѹᣬ˲׵ĳɾ͡һħƽ
Ķʵ֮£ܵȴҲֻη˻ħʿڵ
˵زֵ𣿡һħ̾
ֻҪˣֵã˻ħɫᶨ
һħĬԣûٶ˵ʲô
ϰ˺ϾŹϵãԸҲΪƣû뵽ôȥˣһжû䡣
˻ģͲ޷;Ľ𣿡ħʵ
ķǾС֮ˣ˵ʵŮѵ䲻ĵ𣿡˻ħƽ
ħЦĻ̵Ը֪ĵӣưոݡ
Ϊĵֹʽűǡ˻ħʳ

庮һϮɫľ߾ᣬһϢȴǿ쳣Եƥ
ţ
࣬ͻȻɫһĿ⿴Զɱ
ʾΣա
ҵ飬һħصķȥ
ͬһʱ䣬ħ˻ħиУɫ£һ룬ʧ
ħ֮ǰʸǣŲһ̤
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ʱ֮ϣһɷ·ʱĿֲϢ٣ǰ
˻ħ赲ǰ·
֣ÿ
ɫ£ڵ
˻ħǰ޶ԡ
ˣ
ۼЧɫħȼս˼䡣
ħΣΪһɫǹ˲Ϣ֮Ӱʧ˻ħǰ
ɫǹգϯЯ֮ǰߡ
˻ħ̧֣ʵۣԲ˲ʵ磬Сۣ֮ɫǹ
˫ͬ¡¡쳹ԭʼħԾ롣
ߡ߽棬˷𺳣׷˹
ְɣ˻ԭʼħ򡣡
ħħʿڣ
һħʵͷһӳ
֮ͬǰսУɫԽ䣬ɫħԽԽңؼ䣬ħϢֲ쳣
ģĵӲ£ȥɣ
һħʴ߳ǰˣڵ
£λֺ
ŭڣ
Եɣ֪֮Īն޷ȴ𣿡һħʳ
᲻뵱ٶݣ
䣬Ŀһ壬Ѫȼգҵĺɫħ棬ҹ
ֲħԭʼħ򣬳Խ߽޵ǿضʼ
һס˻λħʼ״ɫͬʱλŵܣԽǹĿ࿴ˡ
߽֮ʣѪ֮Уɢһ˫ѪĿ
Ҫʧȥʶʣһ˿ǣͶ·֮ʱһŭȣ׷ڣħʽἺ
ٵգռ籩ӿѸ֪֮ҹȼĵս꣬ԶҲ֡


1050 
ħأ֮ǰħһλħ赲ߣλ˼ǿսսָȡ
ɺ춯أʥ˫˻߾ѧӢˣ˼䡣
սУħֻ̧ʵ߿źɫħڿգԭʼħ򾡻
ϰ˻ģ̫֮
˻ħͬ߾ѧʵɢԿһ硣
˫֣֮ڣ編ֹͣתʵȡ
ģˡ
սģߵһħʷս֣ħǬɫϡ
ۼħɫ£Ѫӿһ漫ڡ
ʮħڣһͷڷ裬ħ֮ˣ졣
սͬ£漴ʤʱ֮У𶯣ನХ
ã
սУġ˻иУɫһ䣬սӰٳ򸡳ǡ
һλħת󷽣΢û
Ǹ˵Ϣʧˡħʿڵ
ȥô£
һħ˵һ䣬Ӱ򸡳ǡ
УѪϿգռ籩ϯΧ
⻮˻ħŴս֮һƬǽ壬ɫ쳣
˻ģ£ưոݣ
ɫ˵һ䣬Ųһ̤׷ؼ΢Ϣȥ
󷽣һħʡħΧɫҲǱ仯
ʽ𣬴ӵ湻ݣԼҲܺԥط
˻ģһˡһħʿڣ̾
ȥѰ
˻ħûж˵ʲôһʧ
ġ˻ȥһħĿ⿴ΧƻѪأüͷ壬̧ħ
һ̣ѪΧò仯Ѫ£عԭò
޾ޣҵĿռ籩УһϮµ֪˫գȾѪĿ쳣
Զǰռ籩ӰǾ޵֮ɫ
ռ籩ϯԽֲԵռ籩ԽԽԶת˲֮ʧ
ʮܣ
⣬μӶ׷ȥ
º󣬲֪η֮ϣһѪӰȻ׹£Ϫˮ֮С
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ȥһô£
Уһ
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죬ȥô£֮ڣ
ǣ
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š
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ɽСϪµӰϪߣֻС¹ƣȻ࣬ʮֵĸȤ
ʱ˷һӰٸǿѹ𺳡
ֻС¹иУ̾ŵܿٶ
ǣ
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ڸʵ֮˵ʱռ𶯣ٻӰ߳һˣȻޣһ۱ƿĿ⡣
ʥŮ
ˣ˽һҵ

쿴СϪߵӰһ𣬾ȵ
ʶ𣿡
һԣ
ͷӦǾĵӣֻǣڲԭʼħˡ
ԣĿؿϪӣƬ̺˹ȥ
СϪߣѪȾϪˮޣǰ̽ûκѪ۵
㣬ǻȥɡ
š
ףӦ
뿪ÿ·˭
壬ǲܵ
ؾ˹֮ˣжᣬˣҾͲȥˡ
üͷ壬ȴҲûж˵ʲôͷӦ¡
˷ֿһǰȥһ˳ŲԶСԺȥ
ʱСԺУŻԵ߻أƿԼķ䣬߷˴ϡ
ȾѪ£ŮȾѪɫȴ֪СΪȥʪ
ϣ쳣ѪʱӱѵƤȾ촲
𣿡
ǰߣ૵
Ҫ⿪취ʵѣֻǣԸ⡣
һμ棬Լ
취Ҫ⿪۲ơ
һģϣ󲻻Ḻҡ
ֻưѪʳǰϡ
Ȼ˵ı죬µһ˽⣬ǲѷɫκˡ
ϣź֮ѪĿԣܹ󼰡
Ѫϣ˳ѿļε룬ֿ
Ѫ壬ɫò԰ףȻѪʧӰ켫

ʱС⣬Ů֣еΣɫһ䡣
ɷ˵뷿Уץǰ֣֮ס˿ڡ
ʧôѪĸٵģ쿴Լİãŭ
δҵķԣұҪ
ЩƣЦЦѿٶȻֱۣѪһһͿ֪
Ѫ壬ڵħѪֲͬѪںϣǳϵûвų⣬һһڵ
Ѫһһ뿪󣬾ɫβӰ֣ת˲֮һβʧΪǹɢ롣
״Ӻݺһβ
ͬһʱ䣬֮λȫܵСݵı仯ɫ䡣
ôܣҲŮ
СУһβӰɢһγ־β֮࣬ȥ˸
Ƭ̺СУ֮Ӱ֣ǰŮʱѵģ
ʮǰ
һ߼ѪͿ֪һƣӦ
Ϊû֮
һŮðɵѣٳֵڶŮں˵֮֡
˵Լĸף΢ЦֽվǰסģŮ飬Ѿһð֪˵ڶŮ롣
֮ԼŮĻв֣һֱֵʮƽѰŮǿȥ
ĸףٶŮ̫˼룬Ǻϻ֮ˣԼƽĬĬػź塣
βɢȥβŴϢȶӣ¶һĨοЦݡ
ǿҵƣʧȥѪѳų֣赹ȥ
ǰסԼİãɫ쳣ӣۣΡ
ΪĴڣ㲻ίԼǷ̫ˡ


1051 Ů
ؾСԺŮֱòõİβԻˡ
ѪϴԿһѪģβɢΡ
Ѫɢ룬𣬾β֣Ѹɢβ飬Ϊǹ⣬ʧ֮䡣
ǿҵƣϮʶһֱֱȥ
һԣ״ǰסǰߡ
ĸס
쿴һԵĸˣڵ
Ȱλ˵£뼸λٴ֮侲
ͷûٶʣСĽԼİ÷ϣʱ봲Ӳ¡
ȥ˵飬Ҫͼλ飬Ժľ
Ů֮£ʵ𾪣һλŮԺζʲôκ˶
齱ߣ쿴ŴϻԵˣһ̾һֱԼ˽̫ˡ
浾ϲȻΪŮˣڸȴǼ͡
£
ʥϣ·λ峤ϷߣϾ֮ɫ
ȻŮӵ֮£ʹհɡ
£ϿڣΣŮԲܼ޵塣
λ峤ϳĬºѰ죬һλŮĳֱǺ֮ңǣһλŮڳֵڶλܻܿΪѡ
壬߼壬Ӻδλʵǿߡ
²Ǿԡ
϶棬һλ׷ڵΪȾĵӣᣬδָܻܲβδ֪ңһλŮ㹻ˣ޵ħ壬ܵõλıӻ˵ڱס
ϣˣǿֻҪλŮδ֤ûʵ֮λ彫Ϊħһ֮ǿ塣ϳ
Ƿ̫ˣ˵ָܻܲԣʱˣħ壬ٰɵϣ׷
ϣ˵üͷʱλ˵Ķеʵȡᡣ
ںλ֮ʱСԺУһʹƺ𣬴֮ϣ֪ħӿںϾβŮѪħѪʼ䣬ħѪŮ֮ѪħԽˡ
ŮβĻߣѪǿ󣬲ѷκλ
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һն죬ĵһĻӳУþԻ
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ͬˣ
üͷ壬ڽ֮ǰزʶӦòԸǡ
΢ЦʵģȻǵĻβѡһԼˣĽ½֪ΪӵˣȻƽ
Ůӵ̹ףһ̾Ѿˡ

һʵشһ
ʵ
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ĬĿ⿴СԺеã̾Ϊͻ֮ˣǲĸ飬ӣ֪㲻ϲңûѡ񡣡
˵ӣӣѡ˲ңҲ߻ŮͻŮǣӦøʺϹһЩ
ŮӵĻгһ̾αôίԼ
ǺŮԱΪδǣֻҪħ󼴱ȷҽǾβŮҲҪʱ䣬Ҽ޵ħõİ취Ӧ


1052 
ϡתǰ¹ȥ彥תȻûлָȴѿһж
ͣİ£뿪СԺϤչشĺŮ
սת֮ʱؾ⣬ħӿһƥӰ֣ߣ֮
ʥУλϸܵԶǿ쳣ħɫһ
Ȼˡ
ȥӭӣ
ϣ
£λ峤һͬŵȥ
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ݹ٣ʧԶӭ¡¶΢Ц
ؿΪȥأƽ
ʮͣ롣
˵һ䣬ÿһ·
л
Ӧǰؾȥ
СԺУиУĿ⿴Զڻˡ
Ǿ𣿡ʵ
šͷӦ
ǲҪˣ
һĨĸˣʮյദİֻǣ˷ǲľ飬ദˣٻЩᡣ
ʱȥˡ
Ӧɫħһûн˴λȥжг𱨳𡣡
ħ֮ˮɲ⣬ҪСġŹĵ
һġ
ͷ¶΢ЦﲻصģıֻҪλħʲԳ֣ʳǾͲʲôΣա
δ䣬СԺ⣬һĨӰʥŮǰߣڵӣĸȥ
ǰһ̾˼¶º͵Цݣӣȥɡ
ףû˵Ժȥ
쿴һǰİã˵ͷתȥ
ʥϣˣҲһͬ·
ħľߣ˵ư
⣬һ֮ͬ󣬷ֱź;һ
ϣŶղĵӣ´һ
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ӦĿ⿴ǰĺ֮ٶһ񣬵лЩչˡ
΢Цף̫󣬻ӭʱ͡
лᣬһǰݷáɫӦ
ϣڵ߰ɡ
ͷתȥ
ȥ̣֮߳󷽣ͻȻڣ¶ڴ᷽˵飬ܹǡ
ᾡ𸴡
Ӧһ䣬ħߵӴؾȥ
ȥ󣬺λϿǰɫʡ
ȥΪ׼°ɡ
е죬ڵ
š
ͷӦ
ôȷͬ𣿡
õѡ񡣡
ƽ˵λо֮ŮݣþԾܾ

ʳǣħϯӰ߳
ͬһʱ䣬ʳǸиУ׷
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̫Ӹۡ迴Զ¶΢Ц
Żԣüͷ𣬲߸ȥݷһˡ
ǣ㲻λʮֿܿȡһЦ
߸ΪλдԣŻʵ
еľƱ΢ЦҲ˵ˣʮһˣȻˣƾ輺֤֮ûʵ֮λûκοܼ̳дͳ˵û̫вǡ
˵һתλʮܵʦ𣬿һӰλħʾĿʮܽãζǽõһ㹻ǿ
Żԣ˼֮ɫƬ̺ѯʵ߸磬Ӧ֪ĵʱ󲿷ֻ׶Էԣã᲻֧ǵĻ٣
ô룬Ҫǵ顣
赭ӰʮλףҲܱȵһλȻʵǿߵľ
߸磬ûһһ죬ΪĻʵǿߣʮĻΪǵĸˡŻ
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Цȥ׼ɣλӦҲͬĴ㣬Ϳ˭ĳܴʮˡ
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У裬˵˾ǰ
ˣӹˮһڣ
š
ͷӦ
ħű䣬죬͵ͬĺ쳾ɾøһҲˡƽ
лʦ𡣡ڵ
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֮ҪԼŮ㣬ҲǾλ
ɫħһʮӣǱزٵľ֮ѽŮݸ߱Ϊʦã׮¶˵ʵѡ񡣡


1053 ѡ
Уʦͽ˶ӣ֮󣬾ڣƽôǵΣ
һùҲ뵢̾
λŮħ壬˵ǲѡ
Ŀ⿴ǰӣɫ֮һֱѰ飬λǾβŮҲû㣬֮޸飬ڴ֮˵ʵҪ
ŮӣóΪƷ
ǿΪ磬ûԼ˵ʵҪǿߵİš
ƽΪʦǿ㣬Ļ£Ϊʦǿ㣬λħҲ֡
˵ԶƬ̣⣬ǸѾͷо֮Ϊʦ֮⣬ȻҪͨħķʽȫԼӦ׮£һԱĶ飬ҲԶž׻λħʽŽ
ԣĬƬ̺󣬿ڵʦҿǼա
š
ͷⲻһܹ飬ħ壬кܶ㣬Ҫ׼
ס
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΢΢ףЩ±ᣬȫȨ㴦
䣬֮ǰһλ첽ʮ£̫ӵ
ͦ졣
ת⣬ڵɡ
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תȥ
ˣʣµľЩ˵飬Ͳˡ
䣬ֱӳ֮ȥڽȨȤ
ʦ𡣡
󷽣ڣɫʵʲô̶ȣ
ͣ½Ų׿ԼĵӣƽֻҪģȥ£֮£ԼӦ㵣š
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ЦЦûٶ˵ת
ĵĵӣƽʲôǶԵġ
ǰһϮµݿʣӢ䲻
ħ̫ӣľ콾߾ʵɲ⡣
λУΪǿ֮ˣȻȴܼ
Ϊһħʵĵӣ屻Ϊλ̫пܼ̳дͳ֮ˣһֱı֣˵ȱѰ
Դµˮ©νǡۡ
ʮܡ
⣬һ΢Цŵеˣڵ㰲ȫΪֱˡ
ݼ̫ӡ
״ǰߣԼֵܻʲô
صĹػҪصġ
΢Ц֣
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һλ£ʮ͵ʱ򣬻ֵΪԶ㣬ʮܵٶȣܹ꣬Խˡ
΢ЦߵһԽ׼õĲһƵǰǰ֣Ȳ衣
ף裬ϸϸƷһڣͷò衣
ֿ֪Դʵ
塣ƽ
ͷΪԼһ裬һڣ巢˲գϧУڲ趼ѳԽ塣
ʲԷ⣬˼ȡ
嵭Ī˵գǿߣͬװ˷츳ڰ塣
ĬĬغűв裬ûв廰
Ԫǿȷʵ壬ٶȣ޷壬ͬʮܣ̶̰꣬˾˵ĳɾͣڰУǾԲ顣
彫в豭£ûԭ֣ħһ滷עÿսʿŮҪССսԣԭʼħħһܳΪͳߡ
ţú΢΢һЦִ֪Ϊ£
ˣ
忴ǰˣ˿û⣬ʮܣ˲˵Ӧ֪Ż壬ǾײԸ⿴Ľʮδڻ·ע̫ƽֿԳŵϾŬʮڻվȽŸΪħʵĻӡ
˵ʵҶЩȨûʲôȤ
в豭ƯĲҶ֣ħˮ̫ʵ㣬һ޹ѣľƣʵûоٲֻȨֻܶԻ˵Ǹˡ
ԣüͷ壬ʮܣε飬֪Ĳ࣬лֿģʵܾ˵޷
ҡͷ̾Ѿȥˣ֣ȨʵֲҪΪѻʵܡ


1054 Ļ
֮У΢ᶨ̬ȣԽɻ
ʶУʮӦòܾǣϾڻλ̫Уʮʶʱãһֱ֮Ĺϵ㲻
ǰ裬һߺȲ裬һ߿˼Ĵ̫ؼԲվλ̫ӵһߡ
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лֵĺ⣬Ҳûʲô鷳Ҳʲô鷳Ҫֵڴˣּ¡˿ΪӦ
ԣüͷԾ˼Ƭ̣˵ͷ˸־ʮܲԸȨҲԸǿһöѪܰѪշ档
޹»ֵ̫ˣҲա
ãԸܣ
ֻǻֵһѣˣʮܷŻãҪϢ־Ͳˡ
˵꣬彫װѪľзϣתȥ
뿪ľУ˫˼֮ɫһӦҲ쵽ˡ
۶ȷԼļֵҲʵ䷴ħλ̫Ӷ޴֮ˣҪʱˡ֮Уѵ
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ͷ
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Żұ㰲żλŮʮʹţ⣬Ÿ˵
лŻֺ⣬ֻǡ¶Ϊ֮ɫҪ˵ȥ㱻ϡ
ŸһƬ⣬ʮܾͲҪܾˡ迪ڣ΢Ц
ԣһ̾ǱлŻˡ
Żص˵ͷǰֽܰû뵽λʮܻǸᡣ
Ÿ綼߸ҲС
䣬һһƴг֣д򿪵ɲǣ֮ڣ֮ɫ֣һǿ쳣ӿ𺳡
״΢Уǿҩԡ

΢Цú쳾۷֮˶һɵĿ߾δʮܳħ߱ʱõϡ
˵䣬轫ݸǰߣϾŵ߸㲻ܾܾˡ
̫ˡ
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ڽħ֮ǰγͻһνҴܰңǣһٶȣʵҲǳ˲ٿͷԣʵʣѹһ弫ٵĹһλʵҲ̫Ǳ
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䣬ĪûгԽ弫ٵط𣿡ü
ĬƬ̺ٴҡҡͷӦûС
һԣŻ죬Ҫ˵ʲôȥ
ս֣ٽ̸¶΢ЦʮܣջãҪʱϢҺŸͲţиˡ
վʮλ֡
;Żӵͷתȥ
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뿪󣬾Żӿ֮ˣɫǲ
㶮ʲô
ɫ£ΨһԽһٶȵΨз˼٣ѵҪ÷طʮͶ𣿡
ŻɫһͣҲ˼ֻ˵ʮȻǲһʦǾλħʶҪɻĿʮܴʦõطϢǻô˻ᣬ˳ˮ顣
£˵λħ˵Ψǲ˵
˵ĴڣѳΪħĽɣλħʶ嶼Ըἰʮǰ£ǸԼ鷳£ʮİ취ܶ࣬Ψд˷С
УʰλùĲ豭ߵǰ˳ȥ
ӡ߻ӡŻӣˣԸвͬ
Żǲ㣬ѳɴԺԣʣµӺ߻ӣȴĴˡ
ܳΪħ̫ӣ˵ȷǱѰ
⣬طпܾħ֮УȻΣŻӵ̬ȣȴǳ


1055 жоƣ
ԾһգϻȨǰݸ
ȫӴ߲ܣˮһһ豭Ҳһһס
ʱ䣬δ֮£һɽ
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ȻŮգ潫˵Ůʹ˲ˮɨۡ˿ûаϧ֮顣
ʫꡢʫ˿ʼĴΣʱһȥ˶κȤ㽥ٱ
ʫꡣ
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š
ʫͷӦ
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¾УҪ졣
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˺üĹ裬ˣԳīȵơЦ
īĬ£ڶཫʿǰĩûж˵ھˣұ㲻ٲҴţΪ£ĩ¿ҪһˣûȤҲС
ԣһЦī֪Щô˵˶ٱ𣿡
īüͷ壬ʲô˼
īΪʦħĵλΣЦʵ
Ȼһ谭Ǿγֳʵħ壬λħʣϺ͵λ˿ɼīʵ
ΪĵӣīΪҵĵλָΣʵ
ȴλ̫ӣµΪλӻŮ֮סīӦ
ǰߵĻشϵȲһڣҲǻϵѪħ֮λԲ̳УʦĵλԱħİΣīΪһҪĴ£֧𣿡
˵ǰˣ΢Цλı£Ҳλ̫ӣҪ׳Լȡ̳дͳĻᣬҲӻŮλ㣬취Աֻһλˣ£֧ߣ塣
īĬʮµĻȷˣ
īսǲȷʵУдҲīһĶˣҸ˺Ⱦƣ˶ѡɫƽ
īǰߵĻվ֣һ񣬵ĩС֮ˣ²Ҫ֡
ī粻ؿǰʳʱұīһֵ֮ˣԣղŻǰЩһֱԻ׹УʵЩᷳˣֻ󺨳һ
īһԵ̳ƣڵ£ľƣҺȲϰߡ
Ŷ
ĪīﻹþƲɣ
жоƣ
ī˵һ䣬̧һǿʱԶ·ľ򿪣һ̳̳ҾƳ֣Ũ
·ʮ̳ҾƣϽ¶Цݣ̳ˮƣôϺõоƣУֵˣ
ǰ˿һĻĬĬȥûдˡ


1056 ׷
ҹ΢ʳǶϷһ۵СԺУƻͨ硣
Ա˵оƣУոд˳
ƹѲƲԸ죬޴ȴһ𺨳ʹ
һĻһΣûˣʲôĻһ̳һ̳ҾƺȽУű˵ȸУһƣࡣ
īǰˣ̬ͿҲı䣬һμ棬ӡһ㣬Ϊ
ܽ˼ȫصˣɼĻǺεȿ£ֱӣܲ򵥡
ʳפ̫ãʶ콾ʤЩƽ׽ˣȴƺȨһֱûκκøС
ӣͬĸоΪĹϵǶб
ټ̳Ⱦƣλ˵ӡӲãѲֹһλǰ£ֶθвͬǣĿĶһ
սƹʳǵİΣڸλ˵һͳĳ룬ϲȪЩ
ԣԾλӣԸĨǣֱ˵Լ̬ȡ
ֻǣû뵽ǣӼ򵥼仰ϲĹǡ
һλȴûм̳дͳʸĻӣ£λͳ졣
ֻΪ˺Ⱦơ
ƿλشӪ˰¾ģʮҷɳ
¬ɿ죬Ҿȴ£ǰ׷
ҾģԣĿ⿴Ŵҹ
һ׷䣬ʱػģԡѪսʮػϧһλλѡ
ʱݺƽ٣֮ʣòһУԪð졣
׳ʱϲ츮֣ݺΪٶ٣Ψὣս½ڰΣ
ʱԶ죬ΪѰŮ֮ս̤ɣǧòˮ
ʱ׷ͷŮ췣֮£һҲ֮
ֻǣŮһξǿнӹŹأһ
һ·ֽȥߣ
ˮһֿڹ븹Умãһգһлعʱʱ绪ïա
׷׷
꣬ˡ
һԣī˿ев֪ΪһĨĪĲ
ȴ£ǰ׷
˼佫дգӣΪλĸ̾
īĿ⿴֮ˣã΢΢
ֱע⵽ˣһͷȻȫˡ
Уûа׷壬ԣ˻ע⵽Щ
ǣħһ壬壬ͺ;磬ٰ׷
ʳУ˽Դԣʮ˼ħһλħԲŻӵѪ
עãīһ̾λӣ̫಻Ϊ֪Ĺȥ
ī磬гһգɳҲ֡
һҾͻȻڣ
īԣɫһһʱûзӦ
΢΢һЦûٶ˵ĬĬơ
ԼݺԭʼħͨѾȻǰλص˳ۻʺ͵һǿߣǣԭʼħ֮䣬һս
Ϲʱһս޷⣬ԭʼħİ壬ԴĻᣬӵλħʵħһ壬´ϹʱʼûзµҰġ
£һ仰ĩȰ㡣ī˵
ī羡޷΢Ц
ȨһǲսսҪпᣬڴˣòҪСīɫ
粻ֹ
ĬĬһھƣڴλôܽԺãī֪һٻȨǰ
µʦǾִⲻȨ˭ǿȵ£ī
̫ӣ̫ӣ̫ӣλӣһʵãҲԸҾ⣬ˣī磬ǽֻȾƣ̸¡
̳΢Ц
īͷž̳ײһ£ٶԣͷȾơ
ҹɫԽԽߣľ̳һ̳һ̳ѻСɽ
Ϊ͵ͣĬĬ뿪ûдˡ
ʱīǰ˯ȥδΪֵƾΪĽͳҲѵоƵҾƾ
һ̳̳ŵһߣվ
Զ˾ȴһֱδϢ
ɩմˡ
ǰһ񣬵ʱѲ磬Ҳûȥˡ
²Ϣ𣿡ʵ
ˡ
ҡͷڵݣ̫ãֻΪīҪ鷳
˵꣬ٶһ񣬵ˡ
ûĿǰ뿪
ȥ󣬸ߵǰСĽӲ˲ǻ̫ˡ
ī˫ۣ߷⣬ѵĵӣ̫
ʳУǰУҹɫ΢紵Է衣
ʱϣĿһȻƿնףɱ顣
ˡ
ͣĿ⿴ƿնĺ⣬գħַ档
ɱزݣΨһ֪
һУէ飬ӹĿ޲к졭


1057 
ɫ䣬էʳУڿգɱͻȻ
ҹ䵶ɭɭף֮ʱ֪ǰ
ͣգħһնħ졣
棬ĿĿǣ̶ײУħն䵶һ޵Ѫۡ
һ˿ûˮɱĽһ̣Ѫ
Ȼ׹Ӱһ¹Ѫ˳ʳȾ´ء
һƵУɫĽ䱸ȴ˿δĿɨΧɡ
δ䣬ܣһӰƾճֳֺ֣ɫ䵶ɱˡ
ʳ֪ôʿǵʵǱѰ
Χһλλ´̿ͣ
ɱ
һ£ʮλ´̿붯ɭɭ⣬ɫĺ£ؼ仮һһ֡
ɱУֳħһħӿ飬Ƴǡ
ʮħս֪̣Ϊʤս֣Ѫۡ
ħ˫ײһλλ´̿һ˫Ȳ£Զ
ƣλ̿͹Ʋ䵶Ͽգն
ħϮ졣
ɫһ䣬תߵˮ֮ϣħӿһնӭںɫ䵶
Ȼħ棬λ̿ɫһ䣬ڿգʧطʡ
ƣգױӦ
˫֣˲׵Ŀֲѹϯ˻Ķ鿪˼ã

˫ϣڲ⻪ʢһ˲֮ڽأ⽻ӳ

صڽһٴĿ죬Ƶʮλֻ̿ͣػҫ磬ٻ񣬷֮ѻع֮֡
׹صӰҳʮɳɳѪнֵȾ޺ɫ
̫ˡ
ŷʮˣͷ¶βǸȥǵӣһҪôɳ߼սǰҪôʵʵţӵʱ䲻࣬ûڡ
䣬еߵˮƾն£֮⣬ֵӦѣֲƣġ
ǰһĨõӰ֣Ͻ𺳣ұסһٶӰ黯ʧ
ɫ£սתȥ
ʫꡢʫڸԺеȴһֱûлȥϢ
Ŵ򿪣Ů΢΢
¡ɫһݣǰ
ʱ䲻磬ȥϢɡԸ
ǡ
ʫꡢʫ绥һۣһתȥ
˵ıӰЦ⽥ñ䣬һδתǰ
ŻλŮ˵û쳣ɵӶš
ŸճȥգٱѾ¶˵ɺϣҲʵ̫һЩ
Ժĵƻʫ¶ɫؿ֮ˣڵ˵»᲻Ѿˣ
ʫĬƬ̺ӦôιǣϾǾŻˡ
ŵʱ̹עʮµһһѵҪʮ²𣿡ʫЩ䣬
Ҳ֪
ʫҡͷܹ֮壬ֻҪ÷֮±ɡ
Ҳϣʮ³¡
ʫЩȻ¶һֱ䲻ȣǣʲôҲйǳ⡣
ǲɵӣ˭ǺˣǷֵ壬ദʱԽãԽܸܵʮκ˶ȲϵĿء
ǣǵļ˻ھŻУʫ겻ò¡
ŻӸӰ֣⡣
°ôˣ
ڣŻӵĮ
ŵ£ʮһλʿȫսʮµʵӦں쳾ҡӰش
쳾ڣ
Żüͷ壬ħűʵ澪ˣλʮܴӾŻѧ˲ٶ
ǵ𣿡Żٴοڵ
һʹõıѧģ´̫ӵʮ¿ʲôӰӦ
Żӵͷˣ°ɡ
ǡ
Ӱת׼ȥ
ʱ֮УһĨӳ˲ǰ
Ȼһƣ鶴ţѪɽȾҹա
£㣡
ӼѻףϤֱףŵ
ˣԶܡ
Żӳŵ֣ɫĮ
£Ŀ
ͬʱ̫Ӹһܱ룬У濴ܱϵݣüͷ
ôˣӿʵ
֣ܱ͵ǰǰԼɡ
ӽӹܱٿһۣɫ
˶ʮˣɫ
š
ͷһǴ̫ӸѧͱģԲ
ʮı߼޻ʮǲߵһˡ侲
޷
ʮô򵥾ͱɱεˣǴ˱ûκ£ıҪ
̾ʮʦǾʮվλ̫Ƕֳʵ
ĬһߵǰԶ֮󣬿ڵ壬ȥʲô
ͳ֮λˣɫ
ûˣΪʲô
ʵ
ӳֻҪ̳дͳֳϵĿ߾ħȻԴԶǣˣҲ֧һλ̫֤û֮λԣֳҪ
ʵ
λŻõֻˣͬޱƽ߾ٹãħ彫ֵλߣλֵ˴Ļȥ𣿡
ֳ̾ħ޾ҲֻһλҪ֤ûʵ֮λֳǧҪߵ죬Ѿû·ˡ
ͷ˵ĲڵѾû·һ˵˥ϵ̫˵ˡ
սأǲѾˣ濪ڣʵ
š
ףˡ
澲ؿҹɫ˼Ƭ̺󣬵ȻʮѲΪãɣգһ취ʮųǣս׼ɡ
ԣ֮ɫֳһս֣Ǻʮ֮䣬ĳɲݵľˡ
ס
ԣҲŻᰲս֣Ψ֣ҲŷģǵĻֻһΣֻܳɹʧܡ
ŻӦԣ
ͽһ
浭Ȼôϲ޻ˣҲǳ޻ζ

֮ǰʳϿӿƣƽ˫
ʳǺܿͲ̫ƽˣʣĳø
Ȩ֮֮ʳеˮԽԽ롣
⿴顣
ֵʽˡ


1058 
նʳǶ̫ӸŴ󿪣һգӭ͡
ԶµӰӭų֮ɫˮֵ⡣
̫ӸУиУĿ⿴Զɫ
ˣô졣
̫ӵ£ʮ
һλ̫Ӹ첽ǰ
룡
濪ڣɫ
ǡ
ת뿪
ûãУӰݼ֡
ʮܲض񡣡
濴ǰˣƽ
л֣
Ӧһ¡
ˣ衣
濪ڵ
䲻ã󷽣һλŮһһΪϲˮ
л
ʮˣ֪Ϊ£ɫȻ
ԴʳǣʼûлǰݷãյÿգԱˡ΢Ц
ʮܳ壬ӦȻܶ࣬æԼ£ôƽ
еҪС
ʮЩֲҪ֡
Լֵܣ˵Щ
ӦסŻĸۡУʲôҪĶУ˵
ֺ߻Ѿ˲ٶڣǲȱʲôЦ
ͷЩæڳ£һֱûʱǰȥ֪̽ŻǷ񻹺ã
ʦһжãлֹһӦ
˽̸䣬̫Ӹ֮⣬ǰŲͻȻͣ¡
пˣӿŸǰʵ
£ʮڸСӦ
ʮ
ԣüͷ壬ôˡ
£ͽȥͨ
ǰڵ
ͨˣԼɡ
˵꣬ûٶԣ̫Ӹ
ڣ濴ŵӰڵʮܣˡ
䣬УǶ̫ӸһĿ⿴һԵӰ¶Цݵʮܣּˡ
֡

ؿ
΢ЦһֱҪȥʮܸаݷãֻЩһֱæŰִ£δܳʱ䣬û뵽ʮˡ
þǻʵǰݼλ֡
ЦЦû϶˵Ŀ⿴ϵĴ̫ӣɫ֣ҴһҪͨ
£ʵ
ҹʳ֮У˶սֳһʮһʬףźֵмơƽ
ţ
ԣüͷʵǺ⣿
Ī֣ʵܸʳǵΰȻҪһЩȥʮһ˵ݣʵҲҪ鿴һܻסӹһ񣬵
澲ؿ·֮ˣƬ֮󣬿ڵҪô飿
ֽϣ˶ˣһ֪
Ĭ˵ͷмǰЩɳȥ£ʣµĶڸУɡ
˵꣬һŵȥ
ʮܣҲһɡ
ӿһۿǰӰڵ
ͷһͬȥ
̫ӸԺ䳡ϣȭȭ쳣
ȾӪļҽ䳡棬Ѫţʮλ׵Ӷ˭ûжΪಫ
ȭȭ⣬ȭȾɽʯ
Ӱֻʮˣ˳ȥ£ʮһ˽ڴˣʵĽӡԲ鿴
˵䣬УһŸнӡֽ֣ǰߡ
ֽӹֽһǰ䳡
䳡УʮһλӰˣͣ±ԣ
μ£
ض񣡡
ĿɨˣƽǵóҼһ¡
ǣ
ʮһλӰ׷״ȡƣУȺ顣
ǰһһеƣ֮󣬵˵ͷĿ⿴ԶˣڵȷûֳǸǻʵʧˡ
ְڣӦġ
ӦʮܣڿԴĻ𣿡
ԣһЦʵܴûлɹǻΪ
Ŷ
ɫʮܽǰΪʦ𣿡
˵Ц
ҡͷ񶨣ʵһʱǵһʱõϢҪô˻ᰲŴ̿ͣԣδȥĴ֣ʵܵˣҪʦʵҲѰ֡
һԣԣ죬̫Сλʮˡ
˲˵ʮܣȻ㲻Ϊʦǲ˵ɡƽ
ʵʱ˵ҴֻΪ˰ݷû֣֮⣬Ŀġ΢Ц
Ϊʲô
浭ʮУӦòûʲôøаɡ
ȷʵ
ҲûΣƽȻΪǴ֮Ͼͬãʵܲܵʲôûз
˵Һ޹ϵʮ𣿡ɫĮ
ţ
ͷе˶֪֮伸ûκνԶãۺʱ⣬ҪƲ壬˻ħҲ
ʮܱκ˶塣
ɫҲûǰȥ£ǰߵԭиڵһ죬ʮܾͲѡͶ
˵ʵλ̫Уûʵ͵ķҲ裬Ǵ֣ϧ̾
濴ǰˣƽʮܣҹĴɱ֣֮ΪǺΪ
һЦ˭ҪҪĿĲңǴ֣ҲʹӰõıѧ
ʮĪǲΪԼ̣ҳ𣿡ü
ħʽ£˴£ѰֻҪ׿ڲϣʵҲ޷κεȻֺαطⷬ򣬴֣˵𣿡΢Ц
ʮܵǻۣ̾
Ҫ㲻̫ʵȻţҲ뱻ã֡
һ˫صĻĬʵȷʵˣҪʮݺʮܷһϧλʮ̫ñá
֣֣Щӣ¶࣬ʵܾͲٶиˡ
΢Цһתȥ
ǰ뿪ıӰɫһʮܣһᣬʵĿ࿴ˡ
ֳʮǰΪʲôüͷ壬ʵ
棬ʾ
ɫѾ³֮ǺָʹˣΪ˸һ棬֮⣬ʾˡ
ϣʮȷԤƣòӽҲᶨȥ˵ľġ
Ϊõľ޴вҪ֮Ƴȥгһգسɻ
̫Ӹ⣬߳΢䣬ʳǷƵĿ⣬Խ䡣
̫޿ɹ


1059 
䣬չѹȥһ¡
һԻ׹еİݷﲻУѻɽ챦ʤ
ʫꡢʫΪæµˣÿǧٹֵʱòϵȫѽ˿ⷿ
Ϊ¹һµʱ伸ʳǰ׹мһ飬ǼԶˣѼǲЩӶӴ˭
æµһȥǰĴɱ˵Ŀⰲվǲ֮λ̫ӲģûоԵİգ˭׳֣ڲ֮вˣλ̫Ӻں
һǿݣȨпᣬݰ顣
һ˴̫⣬̫塢̫趼ֹһԼǰ֪̬̽ȣΪĴڣǲԸҪѡ
ΰʾȷľܾˣرԼԸȨ̬ȡ
̫ɻͬʱȴҲ˭ûơ
ֹ֮һȵİٽʹ̶ǰʳǡ
Զʱħһԭʼħȴ壬еĴ嶼Ҫȴ
ºŰʹߵǣλ̫Ӵһʱ䣬˽ľ˵עʱתƵʢϣ²һ
еİʱ⣬ڸԺרűƣ仯Ī⡣
Զʫꡢʫ羲ؿǰ䣬ʱȺԸ
ʫ꣬˵ʹ߶ˣҲλ̫һͬȥӴʼգΪʲôһҲżʫվڵǰ͵ֲңЩõ˵
µ£ǲҪʡʫ
ˡ
ʱͻȻʧأħƵ⻯ΪڻǳԶŮ

ʫ羪һɫ⣬ŵûʧɫ
Σһ˲ʫԥһѽʫԼ嵲ǰ
һ̣ԺУӿ˵ħڣ˫ۻȻһӰ˲Ůǰ
̧ԪħƵȻһʧ˵⡣
ҵĴУǰӦѣ췭ӿˡ
ʳǸһλλ쳾ǿиУ׷׿¶ȡ
˺£ھ䣿
̫˾Ӵʹߵĵؽ磬𶯲ĵط
Ǿ
̫˾УŻջĿ⣬̫ӣ
ͷҲоˣ˺£еʱ̣Ӧò˵²Ŷԡ
ȥ顣迪ڣ
ס
Żӵͷ첽˳ȥ
ͬһʱ䣬桢λ̫ߣֹһλ쳾ǿ߳ǰȥ̽
ǻ£ʱ򣬾Բܳκ⣬һλħʹûܹ
ħӿֵ̧ʧص⣬һħϢ羪κ˰ӿû
Ϣ֮궯ѹֽĿ⿴Ůڵ˵ûУ
ʫлعûȥԼ̻ͷԼãЩżʫ磬û˵ɣ
ûС
ʫҡҡͷش
ǰ´һˣȷ˶ûº˵ͷǲҪվˣȥϢɣһẰǡ
ʫͷЩŵʫ糯źԺȥ
Ů뿪Ŀ⿴󷽣ɫһ񣬵ʦ𣡡
Ѿͷǰ׮ûп𣿡󷽣һϵ
֪Ӧ
ΪλҪǣʵ
дﲻҵãʦ
Ȼ˵ݣΪʦ㲻ٶܣǶ֮Ϊʦʱ޷أһҪСġѵ
лʦģӻǡ
һǰħչʱڻһϯ֮أʱõĻᡣ
ԣ¶ɫͷˡ

ڰʹ̵ʱʳǰӰһˣǣĿ
ʥŮ죬˵еŮǰһ֣˵Ŀ⡣
ԴԣʥŮпһλŮȻߵѪע˺󣬽һλµĻʵǿߡ
ȷ绪ĺʥŮԱߣһλŮӾԵò̫ۡ
ݣ㾪ޣȴҲֻںʥŮߣԵЩʧɫ
ǣ쿴ǰֵĽֵƽһĨɫ
ȥ̫˾쿴Ůӣʵ
ȥ̫˾ɡ
ȥ񲻺ϣδ񡣡
ͷ̫˾ȥ
ǰаٲͻȻͣ£ǰµӰ֣ϴº͵Цݣһ˹
ˣЦݣֻ̱ö쳣ٻţ
ֵϣһλλһ㱣
״̵ǰ棬ȥǰ߲Ծ¶Ȼ
ǰˣЦˡ
ʮ¡񣬵
ˣǾͲҪôˡ
ַ̧ǰߣ΢Цȴȥ̫˾ȻٴȥΣ
һ°šӦ
ͷǰ߰ɣ̫˾˲Զܿ͵
ӣôˣ
ѾȬˡ
ɫº͵Щ𣿡
öˡ΢Ц
һԣ쿴ˣĶิӣóλʮȻ̸ϲȴ˺øУǣλʮµģȴо˿
ˣ٣ǣλʮ֮ˣΪΣȴ˵ļӲ˿һ˿ڻĿܡ
ĵˣϣڡ
̫˾ǰŮ̫˾ڣڽӴʹߵ迴ˣ¶졣
ʮȻҲˣϡ档
߻֡
ȭ
ض񡣡
ǰߣʮôˣ
΢ЦʵλŮЩ飬ԣһ̡
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Żɫȴû˵µԸһˣ˵档
ǰŮӣ΢䣬ĻӺͻŮ֮Укܶ಻Ϊ֪Ҫ
ؿһˣ֪ΪΣǲϲλʮܡ
ǰĿ¶΢Ц⡣
ߣջĿ⣬ûᡣ
ɫεЦЦʵʵվĩλ۰Ŀ
ǿܿʵڲֻ࣬Ҫܸħһ鷳ּɡ
ûɡ
ڰʹʧ̣֮һƽĿƹһλµ߳Ŀʣ񾲰͡
飡
֮߳ˣɫ΢鷳ˡ
Х壬һһĴ壬ѿȻ壬ͬǣһ壬Хʮֵ͵ٳǰ
˭ܷХǿǵХɲ⣬δһܡ
Х崫߳ʹзХһĻսħһĻӻŮ
̫ӣ̼Σ
鿴λǰе裬ڵ
һ䣬ڳ˽Ծս̫ӣλХ崫˷
ħλ̫ӣ̫桢̫߾꣬ʵ޿ɹ̵̫裬Ϊޱƽ߾ħǿ֮ȻߣҲҪâ
λӻŮǰУ農ؿǰХƬ̺󣬿ڵ㡣
Щͷ𣿡ɫƽ
⡣赭
ȻֻǱԣҲע̫࣬ʮΣ鿪ڵ
䣬ʹٶ𺳣ʮ񣬷
󣬲Ҳ̫ഢ棬Х˴ֱʣĪĶԼʵţ
ԣ
ͷûԥֱӦµ
ħʶ׼
ӦĿ⿴ʵˣ
׼
һʵǰϵ£ƽ
˻Ļʵǰ˻ħ̧֣С֣ɳĮԻ֮ϣΪṩս
ֿ̧죬֮ܣڳÿһ𺳣֮ѷݡ
ǧʯ£衢ͬʱһ̤ʡ
ɳĮϿգӰɳ֮Уɫ¡
룡
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֣ȣӰϽ
ߣߵˣХǿ죬ת˲
·ʹ߿ϷҵĴսвβϷӿХ崫˵ʵ
Х¡
ֳУһȣһͷڷ裬󣬱Ի޴Ӱ֣쳤Х
ɲǼ䣬ؼ䣬ɳХֲĳѸӿ
״ɫ΢һ̤ǧħһȭӲ
˫ײһľҳײУΧ㸲ɳ˾졣
֮Уನɢȥ˵һĻǰŵУǰѪӳĿ쳣
·˻Ȼ˭û뵽ħ̫ӻ·硣
ֳ߻𣿡
λӻŮǰУ¶ɫ
ᣬҲ䣡
صΪ̫ӣ壬κԭ趨ȻҲ
ԶɫҲҲû뵽߻ֻƣХǿ˵ز
ս·˾̾ʱɳĮϿգٶȽ֣ɳŭ˲ϷӿԽֲ
ǻƣһһʽ˺֮ܣǿħ޷ֵ
սʮУϣ˺ԽԽ࣬Բ籩ĹԽΣ
֣
˫ٽӣӲһƣԪ춯صһУȻǰؿڡ
ս֮һƼˡ
ѪȾɫս£ɫ΢΢ħ̫ӣȻûһ֮
棬ӲһƵ𵴣ս꣬Լ塣
·˵սɫħǿ󣬲ɺϡ
ʵХŲ࣬ǣһս費䡣
Ĵҫϧħսʿս꣬δħһսޱȵļѡ
ɳĮϣ˵Ĵսȣϧս꣬ȼյͬһҫۡ
ɫԽԽأѹƵľ棬ƽ
ȭư磬ͬһȭѪ쳣
ۻƣԽңȻȴȫȻ޸УѪͣ಻ͣ
ʣ
ħʣ
塢Хʹͬʱ߳ڣĿԡ
˵Хʹߵ
ûѣĿ⿴һʵǰӰڵʣһսʤѺѷսȥȷֵֻ
Хʹɫ˵ͷħֹꡣ
һʵǰħһħʿɳĮϵսú󣬵׼
䣬Զ׻ʵǰȺħ̧֣ʱ׹뷲
ȻһɳĮУսֱһۻƥֿӰɳ
ƽ֮Ȼ˵ϣХ壬һս¡
Х壬֮ڣ
һʵһħʿڣƽ
лħʣ
ǧʯ£Хʹٶһл
ڶ֮һ۲ԶХв㷺δ˽һС
һߣУս
ٵƬֵ̣ܿˡ
Ң²ı񽣣


1065 ħŮ
ʵǰħһ콾߳ս岻񻰡
ħʮλӻŮǿ𾪣ΪҲź쳾ɾʵħѪǿ󣬾ɡ
ҡǣħλӻŮʵ쳣ͬȾ磬˿ɵС
ħһλӻŮǿʵ콾һλһλԴħһܡ
ʮսûϹΪһսľ˱֣֮У˸ơ
ͬΪΪߵĴ̫棬ʼն˸սӽ۷ľ磬ǰҲܹƥС
һһսӡ֤ħǿȻλ̫Ӳٳ֣һʤ
ηķ
ѩصСУһԳԬ죬ɫĮ
ԬأǿסΣĿ⿴ǰŮӣпɬ쳣ʵ̫ˡ
ЩоǣħЩֿ
ˡ
Ԭ쿪ڣ䡣
̤Сɳ»صԼλãʼգɫ˿
ʮ߳˲һսƽ⣬ħʤʮֲսʹ
δ뵽ôħĲ಻ûСԽԽˡ
ѵħĲսʤ
ʵǰλħʾϼɣ뵳ʮصħƣǿЩʵ
ţأû˸ҳսϣķ塣
߳˼Ƭ̣ǰȥ
㡣
סǰߣ¶ĵҡҡͷ
û¡
ЦЦһСĵġ
˵꣬ûٶԣתǰȥ
ħʡ
ǧʯ£ӯӯһĿ⿴ʵǰλħʣڵŮս
ԶλӻŮ֮ĩ֮ɫվ˳
Ůսʮ£⣬Ůһ֮롣
ĿУĿƹλ֮ĩӰŮʮͶϣһսŮҵʤϣλħܹΪǴͻ顣
һ䣬ڳ˽Ծͻ飿ô£׼ħ
ͻľ֮ðʹжһûԤϵʥŮ˾˵ľٶ
ʵǰλħԣ֮ͬɫŮϾŵĵ
ΪλѡϾ֪
׼
Ƭ֮һħʲٶԥֱ˵Ӧ
۴ϾǷֻ֪ͬ񣬺ʥŮŰ֮£޷ܾ
£һսԲ䣡
׻ʵǰħʴ
ǣʣ
»Ӧ
˻Ļʵǰ˻ħ̧ٿС磬ͬľԻɳ档
ӵС磬ǱĿռƬһƬأʱ
졢ӰΪʡ
СУһۣûκκѣֱӿս
ٻӰչΪԺɽʯ
쳾ڵ£һΪħʽ飬ݻһһɽ塣
ǿĹƣ첻˲ܣطʩչͶ㣬վָᡣ
Ů
˽ʱһʵǰħһħʿڣƽ
ԣŮ겻ľβŮΪ棬ŮʵǲΪ档
׻ʵǰħʻӦ
壬β֤ʵΨŮβӵпȻʵǿߵѪԽκλĺˣǱ
˻ħʿڣŮǾβŮʵֹˡ
˽̸䣬СУħŮʥŮĴսȣʵӽˣβϽս쳣
սپҪϡ
ʱ¶ߣһϵѵ
ԣɫ£ս֣ӳ֮⡣
ħ١
һ̧֣ħ׺˼䣬Ԫħֱ춯֮ܣҡǳ
𺳣񣬻ħСѸ߽⣬ĩա
ĩ֮Уɫ£أһХӡĹ˲俪⡣
һ̣طƱ䣬Х죬ʥŮ󣬾޴Ӱ֣βҡҷ绪
β𾪰ʹߣŮʱ޾£ڻǳ˴˵еľβŮ
СУħŮϢײһױȵĻ糯˷ӿ
С飬ʮؾޣռ籩ϯûһС
֮У˼䣬ʤ֣·ʹУһϮӰ񣬿һеı񽣣ڣֵϳˡ


1066 ǿ֮
С磬ħŮУħתǧ꣬ħ٣ûء
ĩ֮Уβ绪˼䣬춯֮ܣӭħ֮С
Խ޵ĴײСӦʱմң޴ĳϢݻƬء

ƺУӰɶ죬ش
صˣƽɫȴʤѷ֣

һ̣һ̶²˺ѵؿǰһѪӿģ
ʹ߼״ɫһһ֣ħˣ
ʵǰһס˻λħɫˡ
βŮȻͬѰǿѹӵħһ
ǧʯ£ǿסΣħңɢ
˲Ӧ˲䣬ߣ̧ԪۻħڣΪѹơ
ʱ˫ۣ֮ˣƣл֡
ȥ˰ɡƽ
µͷĬĬظǰһͬ߻Լλá
һʵǰһħʿ·ʥŮڵӮˣ˵֮£Ӧʡ
лħʡ
ǿѹڵƣ
ӵĿ⿴󷽵İãһ̾ҲֻЩˡ
ǰߵĿ⣬֪иϲǸǣĺףֻǣڽӱϺѡ֮·
λĩλĬûе淴
о֮֮ͬĻ£Ҳڴ֮ͥ¾ܾϡ
ߣУʮյʱ䣬ͷħڵõһ֮׵ʤ
ˡ
߽ϦʹһһʱӦòٷʲô⡣
˼ʱһĨϺӰ߹Ŀ
λĩλɫҲվˡ
ĿУҢ߳ʵǰǿӰƽսλħӦʡ
˵䣬Ң˫ԶӰʮ£֮飬Ƿһ˽ˡ
λĩϯ̾û߳
ʱ㡣
Ӧ£ѣգʽӦս
ʵǰһħʿ·ǵˣɫͣͱ߾ħ壬Ҳ˿ɼ壬ꡣ
׼
ϵӦһսһħĿעŵһǿˣɫҲ֪һʱ˭ǿ֮ˡ
ס˻ʵǰλħ̧֣ħۣ֮ϣһǰͬС֣ˮ𲢴磬ϯϮ졣
棬ˮʵС磬ģ̾Ϊֹ
·ҢӰڿն𣬷С硣
ģµġ
ߣ쿪ڣ
š
ͷеȴȥ߾ܹӦ
ˮͬСУӰϢڣԽǿ
ǿĶ֣ݲðִ⣬ûкѣǶ࣬ѽˣ
˼Ľˮ磬ַͬâ籼ףϢ
¡һӦײ˪ɢ
գԹսᣬҪ
ѽ⣬Ң񽣷âһҫۣ쳹ˮ硣
ɫм侲쳣˿
·˹ս˼
ʣһǿһսû֮һ
˽ԳƵϾ콾һλһһߣһλܵĴ˵˭һĵһˣ
ˮޣƺӢϧղݣ˵ˣӰϽײ֯һĻý䡣

ط֣ݣҢУ֣֮ںˮ𣬲ס
״ָһϢתֺ֮쳾
ޡ
У֣̽ħϢںϽϼ⣬֮
˫֣ͬײɲǼ䣬ֲĻ֮絴С𶯣ɣ𺣷졣
ӿನУѪɽӰͬʱ֣潻ݡ
ս֣֮ѪȾ˫棬ϷȻսȴ֪սս㲻ֹЪ
˼ս֮ʱ·ʵǰλħʿս֣ɫ졣
߻Ϊһս˭Ӯң˻ħʿڣʵ
Ӯң
ħЦս˭ʤ˭ûӮң˵Ӯңֻħ塣
ĵĵսܣҪĽʳǵĻȨС
ͬĵĵӻʤǰսܵӰҲᱻ޶ȵ
ĵλӣ̫ɣ˾˵Ľ裬ĬĬţɳˣδ鵽𣿡
һʵǰһħʿʵ
ûС
˻ħʻӦӳ֮ʱǵĵؽ磬ڴ֮ǰûκϢ
ˡ
ħ¶ɫĪƫƧĶ½УȲ֪Ľ𣬴ʦУܴﵽ˵衣
ҲǾԡ
˻ħӦЩ˵õϹԶʱĻʵУÿγ֣Ǿ䣬ӻҲ֮һ
һʵǰһħͷȷʵܣ˾޵ų֣ХλˣŮǵˡ
ĻԻʹǰδ崫˵Ĺâ콾ѹ£ʱܳ֡
ʽ̸䣬ʣˮСУκ˲ӿ⼲ٽÿһײɾˡ

սȣ֣Ңƶ֮УΪһڿգ
춯֮Уƿֲ𺳣УԻ˫Ӷ졣
ر״ɫ£гʧԪű侪
ĺɫħ棬ħս֡
ɳŵۣΪһںɫħ޾ħϯ
ĩ췣
ɺӳ֣Ľնأڵħ棬ħء
ħһһСײĩĴը𣬿ֲĳ˲ȥΣɽ䣬׳졣
ˮڣ죬С֮С
δ𡣡
ϣһѪӿУ΢ţת۱û
ʤѷ֡
ʵǰһħջԶĿ⣬
֮֮С˻ħƽ
һ̣ԶУһĿֲħֱ֮̽˵עȥ
ģ
˻ħɫһ𣬵ڳɹˣ
һ̣ʳϿգħƻۣһħӰ֣ħԭʼħ
ͻľ䣬𺳣ʵħ˵λߣ
ϿգһɫİӰƾնĿ⿴ԶС磬ƽΪʦһɣ


1067 ƽ
ʳϷƱ䣬֤ʵħԭʼħ
壬һλλ˫ۣʳǷоη
վһ
֤𶯣ħƵϼʣ޾ڡ
ʵϣˮСУӰұȾ죬ʤ
ԶڻΣɫУӰ֣ѹɶ
һ̣ʵǰħϯһɫӰ߳ŴСнµĵӣڵ㲻ðܡ
ˣʦˡ
űɢΣΪŵûڣ
ؿǰߣƬ̺ƽȥ˰ɡ
ǣ
һ˻Լλá
ϣһɫҢ˫ɱԽңȻλ֮ǰȴӲѹ˳嶯ع鱾λ
սʤĺ塣
ߣϦ価ʮѹŰĻҲʧ
λ֣߳ħϹʱ֮ǿʱ̡
֤ħԻ٣һʵǰħһħ˫⻪ǳڵȵһա
ʱ°ɡһħʿڵ
ǧʯǰʹ˼ȥ
뿪ʮλӻŮҲȥ͵ת뿪֮ʱߴϵ
¡
ԣŲͣ£׿ʵǰ¶ɫ
ͬ桢塢λ̫ҲλħӰʧˣʵ
һʵڣĵǿϢ֣ħƣУħǿ᲻𷴿ͷ
ǰ˲Ŷɫɻ󣬲֪Ϊα¡
ʮܣϲ
Աߣ塢ͬʱ
л
Ӧ
棬ĬĬվ֮󣬿ڵʮܣϲ
л֡
Ӧ
ǰĵħƵӰû·ˣտռ䣬ʽ¡
ģΪֵһܾˡ
һħʿǰӰڵ
ĳĬ֪Լ߳һǶԻǴħ壬ҲԶλħʡ
Ȼ֤ûʵҲǰʼƻˡħʳ
Ƿ̫ˣ˻ħü
Ϊһ˶ꣿϹһսħսܣħӡȶòӡԼŵԳųաħ
˻ħ̾ûٶ˵
ʵǵԪҲ޾ȴľ⣬ǵԪҲء
Ϲŵʱʵ̫ԶǣҲ޷ų֡
ܹӡǵħԴѾľԣʱĻᣬֻܳɹʧܡ
ԲȲٵȡ
һħƽӽ𣬼ƻʽһ£ɽȡʽ
ɽ
ԣɫֳɽգȽʵҲΣա
ʮѲ֪ٹŴйɽʵǿ߶Գ֣ȻĽȫһκιɽĴȫʧأջ
Ϧͬգоڣħӵλʵǿߣɽǲܡһħ侲
ΪִڹɽĲ
ΪʽΪ˳նĸķӡ
һħʳȻħͽۻɳˣѽĸķӡһȱڣȱ̫СڲԶ޸Ⱥɳ롣
ĪҪս𣿡
ģ㿴Ƭ죡
һħɫϹʱ񣬳˷ù⣬ûһĻ֣߳˵ʲô㻹𣡡
ĳĬǰʵ֮ʱظܵƬرԴĿݽߡ
ʮصķӡԭʼħˣ;ƿˡ
ģħĻʣͱΪδ룬ΨսøԴʵӱܲˣħʿڣ
ٶ˵ģպ׼ɽɽУԺ󱲵дкôʱ桢塢һͬǰУҲɡһħʵ
üĿ⿴е
ض롣
ħɫĮһ£Ȼĵӳ壬һԱ֤ûʵĵӱ̫죬
ֻ̾һΣ
š
һħʵͷֻҪõʽȲٱ㡣
ףûٶԣһУڵˣȥ
䣬Ӱʧӻʵȥ
ʵУ桢塢¶ɫλħʾ˺¡
˽ջȥȫ״̬պ󣬻һԵǣͿܲܰסˡ
ǰһħʿ·ˣڵ
λ̫ԣɫ΢Եħʶ֮ΪԵʲô

ҹɫ٣УӰ֡
ǰĿ·ӣ㻹ûиҴ𰸡
ĬƬ̣Ҫһܡ
Ϊʲô
ΪʦδʵʳУܻȫֺڸԼķâ
вѵĿԣʦҪʡ
һǸ
壬ԭʼħ֮⣬һٴڷ˼⣬һգݻᱻ˲
һܣ˵עԴƿǱֵá
ľؿԼĵӣ֮Ϊʦ㣬һգܹ˵ˣΪʦϣ׿ڸΪʦԭ򡣡
лʦ𡣡
һ񣬵
ˣȥϢɣΪʦλħһͬɽʱһȥʱ䣬ŬָԼ״̬ɽ棬ѵãɴʧѵ
ɽ
ԣɫԾһƬ̺󣬻ָ侲ǰӰʵʦλħΪҪɽ
漰أвܸ㣬ҲҪʣú׼ɡӦ
ǡ
һвϷӿɽλħʹɽΪʲô
ʽ
˼䣬ת뿪
ԺԼķ䣬С
ķ䣬Ⱦһóʫʫÿ춼š
ڣһ䣬üͷ
ֱλħʹɽȻǺ¡
ɽУĶǿʽĿùʽĿֲǿ۷Գʽһ֮
λħҪʽʲôԭʼħħȻİûʽûκҷħ塣
Ȼˣλħʺðȥɽ
˼ãԵɣüͷԽԽͻȻһ¶𾪡
ռͨ
ѲйأͨѾãʵԱȣԭʼħĴӦѼᣬǣʵˡ
񣬾ǽţʵϣδйսΨһĽͣԭʼħĴܻ޷ȥ


1068 ʾ
ʳǣӿ֮У޾ħӿǰδеĿֲѹϯʮء
ӡλħʱħԴѣƬ̺һɹɳԽصħգ˫۾âɣ¯յħ缫硣
ħ֮ʣŽĴڣ񳯣ͬ춯ء
ͬʱʵ֮һɫӰ߳ħӿ˷
λߣħʣϹʱž޵콾һ֤޵С
Ļ֣޴ͭսħط𣬷ҡֱϾԭʼħ
߰ɡ
Ŀڣƽ
š
ԺУӦ
һ̣Ӱʧͭս
ͬһʱ䣬̫ӸУ桢塢Ӱʡ
īʳǵ㽻ˡʣϵ
ǣ
ʳڣһϮؼ׵ī
ǧǧʳǰĿУ޴ͭսӹŶȥ
ʮ򣬰ͭսϣ·ϱں󷽵ķ羰ƽ˫˼
ĲǷȷ뾡Ŭֹλħʵõʽ
ʮܣʲô
ǰǰˣ΢Ц
عҡͷûʲôֻЩģϾɽΣգ½֪
ʮܲض롣
ЦиʺλԳ֣ɽҲԵֵҵֻ迴żɡ
ףǿЦЦԸˡ
ͭսǰĵӰŶħƣɼ
ģ㽫űĵ𣿡˻ħʿڣ
кβɣĵ
ɺʥҪűϲܷµ㽫ԼʵȻܵСӰ졣˻ħʳ
ӰΣ˻Ϊ仹ܹᶯȫ𣿡ɫƽ
˻ħʳĬûٶԣ߾ʱʵѲڻʵǿߣ񣬾֤˳⣬ԭʼħȻ˿ɵС
ɽ£ģ㻹ǽҪΪã½ٽҲ١һħʽ
֣ڻҪ޶ԣܾ
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ƲУ޴ͭսУٶԽԽ죬ʱʻħؽ硣
ССв۷Ļ塣
ɽʯ崫֮أͭսϿʻ޴Ӱڱʽ
ɽУһԵӰڷŨܣϼתʯ֮ʣ֮أ򷨡
ͭսʻǿħ٣ɽҡħɽλ¡¡
ʯиУ˫Ȼʣ
ôų
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Ѫ¹սʯ֣
ƽսз飬Ӽ̱ʯԴС֮¡
š
ѯʣûʵʯʵȷӳ֡
ĵ˵ͷûٶʣĿ⿴·ɽȻˣΪʦҲλʯʴһк
䣬ħӿħϢգֲܣŤʮա
ģĪҪ嶯
һħʿڣʯʵûбҪΪһС½񡣡
Իʵ֮۸ĵĵӣС£ңڲǸһ㾯ѡ
˵꣬Ʒ֮䣬ħϷӿת˲һֻɴۣħˣȻ¡
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ĴУʵ֮ӦײֲħԪϳ֮Ϣ󣬴ƽ֣׹£ǿѹʯ֮ʣȻɽС
¡
ѹһһɽ壬˵ħ˲ȥɽеһش⴫޾µĻ塣
ģ̫
ĳУʯӰֲ̧Ѫ˫ֿϣʵ
ʯɲǼ䣬һʯԻɽһӴΣأ޴𷴿ͷ
ͭսϣ˻ħʿŵǰʯˣÿȻӽ֮ԭʼħûʯ壡
񣡡
ʯṳ̆ȭЯ֮ǰͭս
ţ
ͭսϣ˻ħɫ£
Գ棬طƱ䣬ͭսǰһεϳ֣ʯ֮ȭ
ʯ֮ʣڤ粻ֻȡ
ħɫҲ̧𣬶ʱ֮䣬ɫ治ϻۣӿȣ硣
ɫħȼգҫ۵Ľʧȥɫ
˵һ䣬ÿ
нɱħȼն𣬷ɺ⻪֣ƣδħ
ҪҪʱ䡣һħʿڣѵ
ַģԸҲ̫
ƽӦһ䣬Ϣ֮ӰʧͭսϷɳ
ħۣһɫǹֳ֣ħǹֱ˳ȥ
һǹƿգɫȻײʯʱ塣

һʹƺУʯ಻ʯǳֵѺۣ쳣
ɺǰһз
ߣΪָâۣһָٶȵǰؿڡ
ʯָ̧֣Ȼ˲ϢķɺɵֵϢƣһؿڡ
ħӿ˲ǰѷ첻ӣʯ𶯣ֳ֮С
ʯشɱգһɫħǹ֣ħƣ𺳡
Ľٴθʯػһ̣ħӿһħ߳סǰߡ
ظϾɱáһħʿڵ
ԣüͷ壬ȴҲûٲһɢȥħǹӰػͭս
һħʵؿһǰʯ֮ʣʯʣΪ֮
һ䣬ħȻʯǰ·
һħתŲһ̤ͭսϣתۺսʻŶȥ
ײɽϣʯһ𣬻ָѪŻȾɽ塣
ԶȥͭսϣһħʿԶˣ⻪
žĲϧһλ߽ҲҪΪֻعӵļֵҪºˡ
ʦ𣬶л
սϣǰӰڵ
һʦΪʦ㲻ߡ
Ŀɨڳˣл£۴СΪʦ£κˣҶ㲻ΪʦٱĴۣ
һﾯʾɳӰס˻λħ΢ĵĻڸǾ


1069 
ɽľ޴ɽϹʱڴˣԶѲɿ졣
һգħϯգħУһܾ޴ͭս֣ħѹء
սϣĵӰħƣò
ĻʽͬԲʮڣ룬
£ɽ֮ǰĪҪ
һħʿڣ
ǣ
ͭսϣ
ͬʱԭʼħһĿ⿴ɽ¶ɫ
ԭħλħʵĿɽ
ѵλħʲԶͬʱΪ˵õǿʽ
ǣλħʵǿֺ跸չɽõһڶ˵п޵񽣣
ԨУۻ˫ۣһĨڿʼ
ԭʼħ˼Ĵƣʽʼ
ɽǰλħֲ֣ͬǿѹ
ȣ
һȣɫħۣħʷƣ޴ħײ·ɽ
ĴУɽϣһڣǿе»ʵ֮
λµżȻǷ
εħħüڵ
ƿ
˻ħǰ·ֵķģ
ħʵͷ˫죬ʱħٶȻۣħƶƻۣʮͬǣ
һԣ˻ħͬ˻һħܣǧСתϢ޾
λʵ֣˵ħںϣɫħ׹ǧС磬֮ȫ汬û硣
֮٣ɽϣһѳų֣⣬Ρ
ˡ
ɽƱ֮ʣͻȻĽ쳹죬һ̣һɫնλħʡ
𺳣ס˻λħɫ£ԪӲʽ
䣡
ն䣬𵴵ħУɫ⣬ɢ
һ֮ǣҷȣ
ħʻɢȥɢನĿؿ·
ɽϣನɢһڽɫ񽣳֣ͨƣӴΪ
ʽԭʼħһ֮ʵ彣޼᲻ݣ˸Ҵâ
Ȼ֮䣬ʽҲʧȥյķâɽɳ
ĻѹʽϣٴС
սϣ·ܵʽдĽ⣬ɫ΢취ֹħõʽ
ֱ֮ϣʽӡûκζʽ͵ĽӡһֱȴǺ޷Ӧ
üͷһ壬ĿⰵɨԶλ̫ӣڣʲôҲһ鷳¡
Ϊ֮ʣɽϣ񽣲һλʮһĺͯ߳۵ףȴŽȻͬĲɣ˫
ħ壬վˡ
˵䣬ͯݺοʼ仯ҫ۵ĽУһλʮµ˳֣üĿʣӢ䲻߹ʣһ۱
ʣ
ס˻λħʼ״ɫ䣬֮ʣôܣ
ȴûа׷ѡ
ʵ˵һ䣬ԽңӣԲȫڡ
ġһħ˸Χѹƣɫ΢ʵĽʥ
ס˻һħԪӿڿգǧСתħ֮ǿڽʥгųֳһƬħ
ħôƬؼ䡣
ʿ˵һ䣬գ֣˲Ϣ󣬻Ӱʧ޵ٶȣ˲Ӧ
һնħɢħɫ䣬ƵֵƹĴ̶ħƣһ˵Ľ۳֣ħѵ֮Ѫӿ
Ϊˣ豹棬˳УƲŷ꣬ȻһһʽŻ֮Ƽ󻯡
ǧС磡
ʡ׽֮ʣ󷽣˻ħ̧˻Сֻ֮ȣûǰߡ
ʻףɫתƣһӭϡ
¡һնأϻһҫ۵ĽɫۣǧСӦ飬ѵ񽣷â

͸С磬ûħڣ˻ħʿһƺߣ졣
Ȼս֣һλħʾȫ·磬Ⱦ졣
ģ
ս⣬һħʿǰսڵְɡ
ԣ̾ٵȴһ̤ս֮С
ɺ˫֮һ˵ƥնǰʡ
Ĳսһħͬ˻ħܣ޾ħԪɢǿеֿʥѹơ
λħͬʱ֣ʶٸѹɺƥӹԽˡ
̥ƽʨطս˫һħȼգ弱
ʻӽնһһƣŲ䣬ɫԽء
ħ壬һλ˵
תֻء
սȣݳɣʷƹʱͬɫӿ޾ûɽؽ硭


1070 ӡ
ɽϣƱãʥʳֽӦսħĻʡ
ؼʱֻ̣ʵ֮޾ɫء
ֻأʵ𣬽תϯλħʡ
ס˻ĳԪħƵʵ
Զġһ߶һ壬ħ޼𾪾塣
߼Ϣײ˲Ϣļž󣬿ֲĴը쳹֮Яݿ֮Ƽӿ
ƺס˻׵壬ܵʵħ𵴣֡
һߣġһ֮ͬܣ޿
һɫ⻪ȴ࣬Ǵ󲿷˷һС
ʣԭȥ
һħʿŽɫ⻪еӰڵ㣬һӡǰˡ
ɱǣ㹻ˣ
һתƣɫλħ֮ʡ
ڣϢ죬Զžס
˻ĵУһС縡֣ԭʼ򷱻ţ࣬޾
¡һɫײС磬˵ĴʮƵС翪ʼԽԽ죬ӡ
š
ɼ䣬˻ħʮ壬һħϢ𵴡
Զħͬܽɫһħ̱飬ɼ˳Զ
˫ܴһߣһħɫԽأħԪɫĳӰ֣Ԫ֮ʡ
Ȼ𣬽ƽ֮䣬
н棬Ϊ֮̾ʣħ֮潻֡
޼䡣
һ̧֣ħӿħ֮У˷ƣ˲ħѸɢ
һħֻʵƹħһ˵ĵһߣչֿΪ
ʼ״ɫ£ɽ֮Ӵʽ
Զ̧𿪽ɫһ̤սġ
ɫħǹ֣ħƣ˫ķɺħֱֱš
ʳ̧ץסħǹȻħǹƲǰȥ

ħǹ壬ͣǰʿһƺߣ״ܴ
ͬʱһħʹ춯֮û¹ԡ
£
ħй⻪ʢ֮ܣնħһߡ
¡𺳣ʽЯػײħ֮
˫ǿֲ֣ನɢս˲䱻𿪣ʡһħʸ˳ס
ħָ
ְħԪɺܻħѧһָƿգʯ쾪
ʻӽУɫ⻪𶯣˼ӡԽԾó֡
ħУ·սԽء
ʽԽԽټȥʽضᱻλħʵȥ
սУӡľʿΧλħߣƽ˫ȴû̫仯
Ȼôɽɣ
䣬ӰΪɫ·ɽ
һס˻˼״ûгɣһ̤׷ȥ
󷽣üͷ΢壬Ƭ̣Ǹȥ
תۼ䣬ʺλħʧɽУʣͭսϣǰҪȥ
ʮܡ
ȥûиʺλǲȥ
ƽħ˵ɽǰȥǣɽѾһֱǰװ״ǧ
˵꣬ûᣬŲһ̤ȥ
ͭսϣ桢塢迴·ԶȥӰƬ̺Ҳ̴ս¡
ɽ룬󷽣λħ̫أһͬ
ǰаٲΧͻȻ仯˽Ųͣ£¶ɫ
ΧõĿռ䣬ﻨ㣬
˼ɾС磬Ұˮ
𣡡
ɾϿգһƣ̬죬ȴͬǿ˲ҿ
壿
迴Ͽյľɫ£岻Ѿôоڣ
þ𣿡
Զ΢ֲ̫һþԻǣǣǻþΪλڴˣ
ξ
ˣΪߵ濴Χռ䣬˵
¡
ʱСҵ˾ˣﶼ֪
ǰиУĿ⿴ԶûκγɣŲһ̤ٳǰȥ
󷽣ͬûٵ飬⣬ȥ
СսĲԽңһһħκ𵴶ǧ﷽Բء
СУĵӰӹٶԽԽ죬ȫսַȥ
ˣ
Զս֣ʽնռ䣬ǿħûս֣ս֮ң𺳡
Ȼֱϣʽӡ䣬ǸܵԶΣ궯ѡ
ţ
иУɫ΢˫⿴ˣڵҰǣʡ
䣬ӡ𶯣ǰԣһ̣֮䣬޾Ľɫƾճ֣λ̫ӡ
桢塢״£屬չΪ
¡һɫ£û֮
ǰٴߣٶȸ֣˲Ϣ֮䣬ʧԶ
СսּңλħսߣͶ㣬ٵء
սãס˻λħϵԽԽأӵ˫ħ֮ཥ˲֧֮ס
䣡
ɫǹײ񽣣ҵĴ쳹С磬ħһž޵ľ콾֮ʣսȡ
Ϊ㲻ΪŰ
ܵǰ׿Խս꣬ʻӽħǹ
ڣòΪ
һħȻ弱һɺȫϱƽŷɺļޣΪֲʮ
ּرտʼݣλħʼ״˳ս֣Ըɱв
ɫһȣԪ
ĽɫХ֣ʻΣ࿪⣬ɲǼ䣬һצƶ¹áߡס㡢צӥҫĿ䲻
ֱò˼䣬ڵǿ˽֮ʣ·ͻȻһɫƿնףƾˡ
ţ
иУӰܿһسĽ⡣
һߣλħදںǿ󽣹⡣
һ˲֮֮ϣצſڣϢ£Ϯλħߡ
ġһħͦУ¡һ
ನɢϣӰȻʧټ
˲֣
ħʿԶɫ
ʻӲԶ׷
һħ˵һ䣬Ӱٴ׷ȥ
ס˻λħϣԶȥ
ĿʧؼĽüͷ壬ЩһϤ
Զ߷ϣһĨµӰƽؿһĻƣȥϢ


1071 
ɽС磬ںĽɢս֣ʽսʧ
֪Ѳܾó֣λħ׷ȥƱҪõ񽣡
ʣħԪɢû徻
Զ߷ϣ°׷ӰǰɳںϹԽ޵Ѻ۸࣬·ʱ᳹ױ
ϹʱĴɽɽϹžȻƲܡ
صĽѣĳ£ӲƣһȻɵļޣʱ޷ٳܸ
ˣл
ʱ߷֮ǰվһõĽɫӰ֣ǰˣڵ
ǰµĽӡӳ֣Ҳûǰƽ
ùˣ֮Ϊλħһߵһ𡣡ɫ
ܷлָ㣬ǰȥħѰʧķʵ

ԣһĨɣԭλѡ
ϧҲûлˡ
ˣܷҲһ£˼ǰˣڵ
ǰԡ΢Ӧ
ʿһڱħɵС磬ƣһᣬὫСܽħλȫڴˣ֮ǰὫʽһͬͳȥպĴˣ뽫ʽ
廹к˴𣿡

ʵͷ٣ὫΨһĵӷӡʯУͳ壬ҲѾƿӡҲпʯ֮Уδ
ԣĬڵǰУᾡҲһϣǰܹӦ
˵޷ʵͷ
λħУһ˶жϣǰΪһ·ɫ
ɫڵħ飬ǵĻʸˣһʱֻĻ
ͬ
ɫ֤˾Ϊ֮¡
ʳĬƬ֮̾˵ĿλֳħǹĻߣ
λħУΨһλ׿ֻͬǣΪŰ֮¡

ͷǰΪһ·
ԡ
ףԶԽԽħƣٵ飬һȣʽģĻٶʵ֡
ѽʽо󲿷ɣ󣬴˽ӡڣҲ˵ע⡣
˵̧֣꣬ʽ黯Ϊûǰڡ
һ̣ұϣʽӡٶȸ֣һΣ
ڵʽû̫Ѱ㹻ٴλ⣬ڸܵ˷ĻʵмǣԽ޵ǵ򲻵ѣҪʹã˵ĳޣһԽ޶ȣۣԶ֪
˵䣬ʢ޾֮񱬷һɫʥС硣
һ̣֮ң⣬ġһħʵиУ׷׿ɫʥķ

ͻȻӺݺһԶ߷ϵӰɫ䡣
Զ桢Ҳ˸߷಻ɵӰɫһ
ʮôˣ

֮ң⣬¶ŭ֮ɫһħԪȻѪȼ
ǹ
񱩵ħУһںɫħǹ֣Ѫƣħֲ˲
֮ǹ޾ת֮Яħƿն
ĵһĻУںɫħǹգ߽֮⣬Ρ
߷֮ǰʸܵԶƿնĿֲħɫû̫仯Ŀ⿴ǰˣڵڣῪʼĻˡ
ԶصǹĬĶ飬Ϊ
߰ɣȻˡ
䣬̧֣ǰռӦݣɢû֪֮
ټˣˡ
֮⣬˵һ䣬תƿնĺںħǹɣй⻪ڡ
ооתֻأһëˡ
˫쿪ȼգʥɢС硣
ˣ
֮ң⣬һס˻λħʲĿģɫͬʱһ䡣
ǣ
һħʿ˵һ䣬ٳɣһȣħԪųֲϱС硣
Զס˻˾й壬ٳԶȥ
¡
Զ߷ϣǹֱӶδȫɢ֮ײɽ֮ϡ
ĩ֮٣СѸٱͬһʱ䣬С⣬ɽ𶯣ֱ
ǧ⣬վӰ֣ǰɽɫڡ


1072 ѡ
ɽϣ˳⣬𶯾þòֹ﷽Բ
磬֮ɽʷ
ɽ⣬°׷Ӱնþòȥ·ڵȴʲô
ؼ䣬ɽɢʧ֮䡣
ħƣһϦ٣ͬʽڣеȫľڷ棬˯
ʱһȥȥɽʼղ˿н֮ɫ
ɳ
ϣһƴСк֣۵ؼɢϸҪЩ
ԣɫ΢ҪǣЩѾˣ𣿡
š
С«ͷĵȼܸߣ˵һ㹻ˡ
á
Ӧ̧𣬶ʱɽϿգһ޴г֣ɢɢؼȫɡ
Ĺ򣬿ͣЪ̧֣ģһŽɫȭͷСϢȴѰԱ⡣
С«ƯĴ۾¶ϲ֮ɫ
㡣
ݵСкǰ
ллɳ
С«ԼӴСǿҾ
ˣԼɣСһ㣬Ҫ˷֡
¶һĨº͵Цݣ
á
С«ɵӦһ䣬ڻȪУʧ
ݵĲδ̫ʱ䣬ϣĿ⿴ǰĵȴ
Ȼƭʦδ֣ӦһЩ鷳ȥǡ
ҹɫԽԽʣУɫñٵɽ
ͻȻĴУһ˵ħ𣬹
ɽ⣬״ɫһڳˡ
¡¡𶯵Ĵأ޴Ѻ۳֣֮⣬·ħӿ춯ء
ʵ֣֮ϣǳҡҷԳֲħ
ţ
ɽ⣬ͻȻüͷԡ
ʦ⣬ħ
һ̣֮У޾ħڶħУһǿϢ֣ѹʮصϢ˾塣
λħ޵еĴڣһ̣ҲȫȾ죬ס˻λħʣǰӶɣսȾ죬쳣
УشħĻʡ
Ȼ𾪵ǣĻ滳УһĨѪӰӳ˫䣬Ȼɢȥ
ħ̫ӣް֮ӣ񳯣أ˳ͳ֮
ħʣֱ߬죬ħԱ飬ȻΨһĵȥ಻޶ԡ
ʦ𣡡
ת˲֮ǰڵû°ɡ
ĿԼĵӣ´һŰһû±á
Ϊʦû£û˰ɣĹĵ
һЩСˣ޴󰭡Ӧ
һħʿǰˣüͷ壬ôģ
СУǷҪԴӳ֣ʵʵӶȻûлĿܡ
⻤Ҳǿӹ˽١ڵ
ű䣿
һħԣ΢΢𣬰ھĵ棬ûٶʡ
ʽʧʱѰȻȥӳɡ
Ŀڣ
һħʵͷһܴص׺Ͱ˻ˣء
䣬ħ˷ͭս
ƲУͭսԭʼħȥ
ͭսȥɽַ֮ϣһӰ֣·вβϷӿ
ɽ٣ĪʽѾħУ
ʽ֮½֪ħһѾλħʣټʽ彫ӭĿ־塣
ħأͭսʻһס˻λħʴûء
Ƭ̺ͭսʻգػ
ͬʱĴӵˣӳĬ
ȥϢɡĿڣƽ
š
ͷûж˵ʲôתԺȥ
ǰȥıӰиûʣֻǲ
Ժ֮Уǰ䣬ȴûнȥ
ԺУӰҡҷҹԽԽ䣬һ˿˿˪ҶϽ𣬽Ⱦϵɫ
վԺУҡҷ˼
ʱÿˡ
֤ûʵħĵλҲˮǴߣֻ֮¡
Ϊؼǣһֱھжᱻ
ԾΣֻǣͬ飬Ӳ
̫ӸУϣ˼ŽĶ
ɽôû뵽飬ζʲô˭
ħλ̫ӣ໤ǣƣ˭Ȼ˳ƽѱ״ơ
̫֮᳹װ棬Ȼ
֣λǰΪ£
˵䣬ǰһλӰʵ
ˡ
ˣɫ
ԣɫһ¶֮ɫ
ػɣǧȷ
Ѹٻع񣬵֣Ҫ׼Ǻʹ̫ӵҪʽʼˡ
ͷס
ô𣿡
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ףȫߵ⣬취£ʮ
ʮܣ
ԣüͷ𣬵Ż֤ûʵʮܵĵλἫпܱΪ̫ӣ£Ϊ𣿡
ʮǲһ
ǻϵѪΪŻĴڣλվԼ̳дͳϾŻǿҲֻһˣʺλ岻һλǻϵѪĻӼ̳ħһĴͳ
üͷ壬ˣܾλʮܷͬһ㣬Բ֮
ܣļУ֮¾ȫȨˣҽо£ʮֻҪʮǱܹǿѹƴ̫ӡɫ
ͷ¶֮ɫ֣ɽо˺£λħڣ¡
һ̾ɽڷ֮£Щ£Ըٶᣬ·仰ܹ˵壬պϸ˵߻˻嶼ܴأضչһʱ䣬ڼ䣬ʵȨﵽ£ҲõĻᣬĪʧ

ףס
ͬʱ̫ӸУ桢Ӷӣ˼֮ɫ
ֳ뾡ȥʮˡ
ӳΪ֮£̫ӸʮѲܽˣΪõˣͱ뾡ȥ
ϣ澲֮󣬵ͷս׼ɡ

̫ӸоʱŻӸУһµľŻӿǰ۶ϵĻһվʱ
߻ˣһĨʹתۺʧ
ʣǰ׷ɫһ֮
ڻع񣬿ڵˣ
ڣٴѡˡ


1073 
䣬ԺУվһҹʼδϢ
ķħʳǣΣκγ˼պÿһ˿⡣
£Ż
ʱԺ⣬һλ첽
֪ˣ°ɡ
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תȥ
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Уϣ𣬿֮üͷ
ŻҪ
ʱǰΪ£
˼£Żңʧȥıӻеصס
ǰĿľֵ˼ˡ
˼䣬⣬һɫӰһҲƽࡣ
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ݼŻӵ¡
ɣȥͨһڿڵ
ǡ
һλ첽븮ͨ
ǰͣ£Ż
롣
ڣƽ
Ÿǰȥ
ʱ⣬ڵӰ֣
߳ǰӭŻ֡
ʮܲض񡣡
ǰǰߣڵΪֽǰǸʮⲻˡ
Ŷ
ԣ¶֮ɫŻִԺ⣬һ𡣡
ڵͷǰ
Ż
л
ڿһ䣬ߵλǰ¡
ʫ꣬ϲ衣
ԶŮӣڵ
ǡ
ʫ첽ŵȥ
ŻַԣΪ⣬ʵޱδ׻ֵ˼
ߵڶ£ʵ
Ҳʲô£ŻֻǾʮ̹Ϊá
̾һĿ⿴ʫ꣬ʫ꣬ļ˱ѾɣʱԼǡ
ʫԣһжŵĲ̲¡
ˮ̺ʫ˫֣ʫȴǿ£ǰ̷¡
СһЩҪô³ç
˵һ䣬ȥĨҩɡ
ǡ
ʫͷǿм߳
ŻĪ֣ǻʵܹ̲ܽϣʧ
ǰ¶΢Ц
ʮܿˡ
̾ʫʧֻǣҷŵĻ̫˶ѡ
Żִ˻
һ豭ϲˮƵǰǰ
ʫʫ磬ΪֹⰲʮܸеߣΪֵûʲô⣬ֻӦ߻ҪˣϾʮ⣬Ҫ£ʮܣͱҪ֪ϲáһ˿Ǹ
ԭˡ
¶Ȼ֮ɫЦЦŻ̫ˣֻΪ˴̽ʵܵϴãѾͷߣһһ䣬֪
ʮܲ־ͺá
һǰˣɫʮܣ߻ֳˣӦѾ֪˰ɡ
š
ź֮ɫɽгЩ⣬߻δܱܹ˽٣ʹġ
߻ʺû뵽ȴ˺١
ڸпţǻҪǰʮܣӦ֪ʳǵľƣ߻ֳ£ƽƣǿܶҪ޴ĻȨС
ֻҪǲȨջ󣬼⣬кξ塣
ʮ̫ˡ
ɫصʳǵľƣܿλ̫ӵӰߵ̨ϣǼҪ⣬ҲȷС
ԣüͷ壬ŻԣǸô
ˣͬˡ
ɫΪлЩ룬ʮܵݵλȻλ̫ҲС۽ˣȨԼС
Ĭ֮˵ͷŻԵȷʱǿܸõԱŻƹܻʳɣ񣬻ʵܻҪ̾Żչˡ
Լֵܣؿ
΢Ц˵ʮͬˣ
ɾŻֿ𣬻ʵܲܲʶô

Ǻã
豭Ŀ⿴ǰˣɫΪԲƣʮһԽֵܶʽˣͬ裬ˡ
վ豭ƽʵܵҡ
豭ײͬʱˮһЦٶ¡
ʮܣǰЩ˵ȥݷλͳ죬֪Σɻ
ֻǼ򵥺һپơ
͵īͳΪֱʵҪ£ҲЩġ
ڵͷ˵ȷӲԣʼռȻλħҲĽػʳǵν
˽̸峿һֱ磬ƺƷ̸֪
֮ʱǣһȥ
УǰȥıӰ⽥¡
þûо˺һҪˡ
ŻӣڣǰС


1074 û
ħʳǣӿĻʴɽ¸壬ĿԹעԭʼħ򣬵ȴħһһĶ
λħʹɽͼȻСܾʹƽ
Ȼ¸循ȵǣλħʴɽԳţûκζ
պħ֮Уһ˵Ϣԭʼħ
ħ̫ӣ裬ɽش䡣
ħ̫䣬µĴ֮ڣԭʼħÿ䡣
ħһԭʼħİ³ԣħ̫ӣԭʼħޱȵĵλ
˭û뵽һλħ̫ӻɽ
λħͬȻһλ̫䣬ζţɽеΣѳ˵
һʱ䣬йʽǷħĲ𣬸ְ汾ҥԴķз
ʳǣһһӾŻӸָܱۡô棬˼顣
ŻӸƹܻʳɣе鱨Ҫġ
Ȼħ˭̳дͳ޹أǣܽʳǵķƣشħȻʮֵĸȤ
ɣóĲУơ
¡
ʫϲˮħʹ͵ĸۡҪ˴ɨҺʫҪҪȹȥ
һڣ˵ͷļҲӹȥɣøȱˡ
ʫԣ¶֮ɫ˺˫ϥмʫʫ磬л´
ҲϲˣͬҲϲ¹򡣡
ŵϹŵŮӣƽ˵
ǡ
ʫ´Һʫ綨ģţҲҪµĶ顣
ҲҪţǺú¾Уȥɡֵ
ū澸ˡ
ʫ깧һŵȥ
Ҫˣ
ʱ֮УվһħеӰ֣ǰˣڵ
š
ͷһħʴһۡұ׼ȥ
ףݣȷʺһֱԼ󣬷ҪСһЩʳǣͼˣ
ס
Ӧʫʫұˣ飬һҪ졣
ԡ
ĻӦĿ⿴ǰӣΪʦ˵ʵǲ׼Ȩ֮ˡ
š
ͷƽʦӦ֪⣬λ̫Ҳͬ⣬Ȼˣ֣ȨԼС
ĳĬƬ̣̾ΪʦԭϣȨ֮ȻѾΪʦҲǿ㣬ֻǣ۽ΣĪԼڡ
ʦġ
¶һĨЦݣʦӦҲܿȻ츳㣬ȲϼλӣŪĻһԵֵˡ
ۣӦö㾡֮ʱҪĻҪԼʵ;ɫ
ס
ЦЦʦļɣѲǳé®ëͷСӣ˭˭ᡣ
һ̾ΪʦˣЩ¡
ʦֵﶦʢ޵У˭˵ʦϣ

ǣ
ЦᰢķУˣΪʦҪչˣн˵£һҪΪʦо
ףʦ𡣡

ڣħת˲֮󣬻Ӱȥʧ
Ŀ⿴⣬峿أůǳеĺӡ
˼Ƭ̣ȥ
ӪսպգɫķħʯĽ̨ϣλͷڱԣȭѹȿռıڶ·ٽʿڲѡ
Ӫ⣬ӪǰλʿǰС
óóƣʾˡ
μʮ¡
λʿ̰
ɡ
¶΢Цīͳ𣿡
£ͳӴ͡һλʿʵ
ͣ
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ӡ
ʿӦ

΢΢죬ôˡ
ʮλӻŮмΪ͵һˣƺ̫ӵӪƽպ¶档
Ϊͨһڵ
ʮԵȡ
ʿӦ첽žӪȥ
ԼôӵĹǰȥͨĽӪǰӰʮ£ͳ롣
л
Ӧһ䣬Ӫ
ӪڣһλλͰؽѵԲͬΪ۱ǽ̨ϼҵĴսΧּۣˡ
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ͳ죬֡
ǰȭ
ԭʮܡ
ˣ΢΢һЦʮܽôйӪ
ЦЦӦڸдķƣԳߣߵ
ԣЦ˵˵ݴ˺ֹ߱ߵɵӶš
أôҲڴˣʵ
ʮһ˳·˼΢Ц
һԣīâĽ棬ΣӵܣųѼĳǸλӺеٮٮߣ˲ò
ھλӣһεƴƣԴӵӡĹ۲٣ټӵָչ˲ͬһ档
硢թϣЩֲˡ
䣡
̨ϣһλͷһһȭֺٲԶǿ쳣˲Ŀ
ƹĿ⣬Ž̨ϵĽͷ¶֮ɫ֡
ʮʵˣȥԱԡ𿪿ڣ
ĿԣЩͷΣ
΢УʮҪʲôͷ
һֱ˵ֵıһɽԾˣʮܶʮָȤǲ֪ǷԸó
΢Ӳ弸գеĶ˽⣬ʮһֱֵǰ⡣
óɽΪͷǲԣʮҲóӦĳɡƽ
ҵĳܼ򵥣Ӯˣʵܾ̤̫Ӹ벽΢Ц
ǰߴɫעʵС
ʳǵľƣ˭λ̫Ӷգ˶ѡԼʮ˾٣ǶסԼΨһ·
ôĶԼ
ӣһĨ΢ɲЦûͶ̫ӣԣע޼ֵ
ˣΪ£īλͳ죬Ӯĺɽһ֮ϲ
߾
һԣһֱû˵īѵ
֪
Ŀ⿴ǰħʯĽ̨΢ЦҲīҲŸѡ񡣡
зħʯڣΪѹƣ㲻ڡ
ӮˣûȥЩˡ


1075 ɽ
ӪУħʯĽ̨ϣλħӶӶƽţսһ
̨ܣٽʿĿҵؿϷˣĻŮûһߣҲ뿴ӵлѪĻӾǿ󵽺ֵز
룡
Ƭ̣ͬʱ㹦ƣȻƾǿ˵ٶɿľת۽ˣȭȭ
¡һ˫ȭײռ䱬𣬽ߵˣȭŽǧ
¡¡𣬲ɢ֮ܣǿ£һһʽ羢Х
սʮУȭƶԺƽɫս֣Խҡ
·ٽʿΪźֿ֧֮ˡ
ƺ裬Ϊλ£˭Ӯ
īŽ̨ϵˣʵ
жϡ
ǰӮñԵĽͷ¶ɫ˵߾ǿߣǿȸǿһЩǣʮʽ£ⳡսʤӦ֮䡣
˵ƺ迴ߵӣͳ죬ºʮȺĿΣӦװɡ
š
īͷ̫ӳ£Ȩ֮Ȼһֱ¶¶Գ棬̫ļˡ
ͳ죬иʣ²֪ò˵ƺ
˵ɡ
īƽ
˽ԴԣǴ̫ӵˣӽͳĽ̸û̫һΡƺ
ڻµʵīü
š
ƺףȻֻǲ²⣬ǣͳ첻ϸ룬Ϊͷ½Ӫÿһ仰޷˿Ϊб
īԣĬƺжϣڽӪУƺвǣ˿󼰣˵⣬¾Ŀ⡣
˽̸䣬̨ϣ˫ǿսԽң춯֮ܣΧնҡ
¡һȭԶˣ˫ֻȭΪƣǣŲƣǰδ֮˲жȥǰ֮
һռţ벽ǰҼͿȻײǰ֡
ʮ֮⣬Ӱͣ£¶֮ɫʲôսΪǰδ
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ʮ·ŵʽ֡
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̨ϣӰٶսһǰδսмĶɵгأ·硣
֣ĺɽʵˡ
䣬̧ץסǰֱۣжΣǰһȭ
ƺȭɲǣɳʮɣ½̨
˲ı仯Իٽȫ𺳣˭ûп׷ŷʲô
̨·ƺ˼֮ɫͳ죬ҪıǵĹˡ
š
īͷһսȷʵǲСĳ
ԭһȫǸͺٶȡ
棬½̨лعĿ⿴̨ϵӰú󣬳Ըķ䣬ӽ𣬺ɽʮˡ
˵꣬һһƴСĺɫɽɳǰ
ɽ֣Ӫڣеʼһ̣׷׷еĺɫɽ
̨ϣӹĺɽֻӹȫͻء
л֡Ž̨µӰ΢Ц
أӦõģָл£Ͳٷ㣬ǡ
˵꣬ûٶȥ
Զȥӣ΢΢ӵĳǸǳ
˵ǹΪ

̫ӸڣϣǰĺӰڵΣ
īˣ̫£ҽ飬ʱ
յ֮ϲֿԲһ¡
üȥǽӪī֮⣬ʲôֵ𣿡
𵭵ЦЦʮˡ
ʮܣ
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š
ͷε˳㻹һҵĺɽҲˡ
Ŷ
¶Ȥ֮ɫ˻

ڽӪϸ˵һ飬ʮԵϸڡ
ʮܾȻʵ循ȵ
ģû뵽Ц
˱ˡ
¶΢Цһɽܻʮߵһߣֵã
ϣˡ
ͷ֣Ҳڴ˾Ҫˡ
š
ףڴߣǧҪĪҪ¶
ס
Ӧһ䣬ûٶ˵ʲôתȥ


1076 
Ӫһ̽ʵʵĽȥȥʮֲá
ñ¶ɣħʮλӻŮǼ֮λӱֳʵЩݡ
¹̲˱֣òɡ
˼Ƭ̣ʱ½̨·ӣ¶΢Цī磬׳ˡ
¹ǫˣµı֣ʵǴ۽硣īп
ѧһѧһֱںϵսУʦķɺҲ˳ԵĻᡣ
ЦЦһʹЩ裬ɺݻѧǣ츳Ҫ̫ߣǡҵĲ֮
ܲ׾н֮裬ѳԽͬһеˣ츳Ҫˡīǰˣɫ
ǡ
һԣƺЦͳ죬⻰ôڿԼ
˵ЦֻǾ°ˣµѧ裬ȷѳԽһ֮ӣҵЩϹҲضáīɫ
㰡̫壬ҾǿЦѡ
ƺҡͷµʵԭʼħ˭˲֪õͷ𣿡
λǣ
īߵӣʵ
ƺ裬Ӫȭͷ
īʽܵ
ƺ磬
ȭһ񣬿
̫ˡ
ƺЦһֱŵ´ȴʼԵüһµķɣȻǷ
αα
ī

ƺЦľͷʲôòֻľͷžα
Ҳ¶Ц⣬īΪֱȻϰߣңô궼ʲôϣʲô˵ʲô˵˵
īû϶˵ʵ½ǰʲô𣿡
Ҳûʲô£ֻ¸ʱīȥ
ƣīֱ
š
Ҳûαʵʦʳк޸īܹȥһˣȻסˡ
һԣƺɫλʮ»Ǵ󵨣ֱ׵˵Ŀģ벻
īͳ첻Ȩ½֪֮£λ̫Ӳֹһǰ£ͳ죬˭ûгɹ
ڴͳƢٻЩ˽⣬Ը£Э
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ʱīͷӦ£ʱ֪ͨһɡ
ͳ㣿
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İգڽӪιһ飬ħľӣΪҲ̤ɾ޵С
Ϧʱ˾Ӫžȥ
ֵϣɫƳϣֵĻʳǵҹҲʼ
ڽϣ߱˼飬죬һֱɫȫ£δصС
ʮ
ʱؼ䣬һɳޱȵħƾս٣ףʮء
һħ֮ɫһĿ⿴ǰգвҷӿ
žȻ޲ħ֮ܣô
Ƭ𾪣ѸٻعѹеĲݼħʡ
ƽ
һħƽ
лħʡ
ֱĿ⿴ǰ֪ħкηԸ
ǽһ£գáһħʳ
ԣüͷ壬£
Х塣һħ
ɫһХ壿ǸȻȻ
ô֪ܿͨ㣬Ҫľ£𣬼סʲҪڣһҪ
һħ˵һ䣬Ӱȥʧ
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ǰ˼عĿ⿴ǰԥ֮ɫ
£ҪҪʦ


1077 뷷
ҹɫ΢վǰϸ˼Ų֮ǰһħʵ
֮˵Ŀ껹һǿ塣
Х壬һֱߵ˵Ϣǣ˭ܷХǿǵХ˵Ѿֻ˻߾¡
ףħΪλд˾˵һǧ˰٣λħʲ᲻
Ϊÿ춼ôأҾûмϢһᡣ
⣬ʫ翴ǰǰİ׷Ӱڵ
ÿ˶Լķգ·ǻϵߵգȻֻѡ
ʫ̾ЩӣʳлеĻ׹жǰݷãλҲˣҪǵµƣʳǾƴ۸ӣҲСӦ
оڣ˭Ϊѵ£ʫ¶
ȷǿ󣬵ʳеħʣֹһˡ
˵䣬ʫĿ⿴Զʵλħʲħһƿߣ겻£ħһӰԶλħ֮ʡ
ʫ߳ĻƶǶ
ˣǻȥɣҪŵ¡
ʫƽ˵һ䣬תźԺȥ
ʫһǰӰСɻȥ
պʳߣа֮һݻĸۡ¿׷׷ء
Ϊ¸ˣһգæ͡
ʮλӻŮ˴룬̫Ӻ̫ӣҪʱ̣Ҳѡǰ
ס˻λħȫǰף֮ϲͬ졣
ī磬ƺ磬ˡ
еı͵λ֮ʱǰӰ״ǰӭӡ
ССɾ⡣ƺóһУ΢Ц
лƺ硣
ӹУߵʫ磬˴·
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īͳ죬ȻҲˣ
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ʹ
һħʥ뷷ʮΪλ̫ӣմˣ
䣬ӰУһöħƵĺڽƳ֣ǰ
֮ǰֽӹƣʱһǿ쳣壬ϴħ塣
лħʡ

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л
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л֡΢Ц
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л֡
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װ۲ۣ
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֮͡
īƽӦһ䣬ȥ
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ʱϣħӿȥĴʹٶȻع飬һǿϢīҲضá
š
ͷĿ⿴𾪵Ůƽڸдţ
ʫꡢʫعӦǣ
ջĿ⣬ֱŸȥ
ʹӰʧһͬ뿪̫Ӹ
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ڤ
ǧӰ£Ҳղ֪֡
ħרִĿľΪеķߡ
μ¡
ǧλڤ
ɡ
ڣĿ⿴Ϸ򣬳
ǡ
ǧλڤŶϷȥ


1078 
ҹڣ£ӳɱĺ⡣
ɽ˵еХ֮أɽʣվ쳣
֮УХһһ»
ʱϿգƱ£ӿħɽ
˺£
УХ𾪣Ŀ׷׿ʣԡ
ХǰһϮɫĲ߳ʣɫ¡
߳¾Ϯ׼ӭս
鿪ڣ
ߣ߳¾ӪǰӰ߳ǣ
䣬֮ʣѹѹħӰ֣ħˡ
ڤ
ǰ侲ɫ΢΢һ䣬ڤ
ϣǧħӰͬӡǧħԻΪһħ˿Ͽա
ɲǼ䣬ɽУе»Ѹٱ룬ħӿÿһ䡣
ħ
ħĳ֣ɫϵҲΣʧ
ħ˿֮ϣһϹħԻɫĺɴɽгȡ
ħ֣ɽɽʼһζᣬѸɢ
ɱһ
ϣӰ߳·¶ǰľĮ
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󷽣ǧλڤӰٳ·ȥ
һ̣ɱѪ죬ǧλڤУɫħո޹顣
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š
ĬĬͷգԻɫĵħӿ˳ɿ
һӰ˲ϢʧٳʱХ֮ǰ
ն䣬Ŀɫۣĵɱ޾ȴ˵Ŀն
ػԸյ֣һ˫ƽӱĮ쳣
ֽ̧µ⣬һλһλµɫޱΪʲô
Ϊǲܻ
һ䣬пǧ֮ƣ
ΪŰﲻˡХʥ
ŭüң壬һɫϯ֮ǿա
ĳʯ쾪ŭֵХչֲֳΪ̤߾
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¡һ˫ǿ棬춯صನУӰ˳ʮأֹסơ
֮޿ƥУ֮ϣʹ··ʮ̫ӣµӣɫ
λХȻһ콾˾̾
ϧپ޵֮ӣɳá
Хǰ˫ǿ棬ħ»ϳײȫ۵Ха֮ܣ춯ء
УռϷ磬һϿոսֵĴʹ̾֡
һȣħڣɺ辪˻ս֮˲Ϣ
ն֮գ¡
̧Ӳڵྡྷһ⻮գײϺХ
˵ĴѳдսྡྷڵݲУȻݡ
ǰ鷭𿪿ǣԪǿƻС
˷ȭӲ
¡һٽ棬ŭ˲ϯսУӰֿ˲Ϣ֮ٶײ
һȭһȭĺһһɱߵˣȭƿգ˿档
˽ս֮ʱɽУɱ¾鲼ÿһ䣬ħ»ʵƣڤ¾޻֮
߳¾λͳǧ߳¾սս˲ȻѪ졣
֮ϣʹĿ⿴·üͷ壬Х߳¾Ȼͬһ㣬ѹƣħһڤһս
ħ׼ħɷǹûа׷ѡ
˼ˣʹУħӿĺɫħǹ֣˵ħŤգɽʼ
Сģ
֮ǰսĲиУĿ⿴ϿգӺݺһ
λ߳¾ͳУȻȴѾΪʱ̫
ĵһĻУ֮ϣħɷǹƿʱսޣ˲λ߳¾ͳǰ

һǹ壬Ѫӿ죬λ߳¾ͳӰɳɣȻһ֮ϡ
ߣ
΢壬λ߳¾ͳ˫ʵؽʧȥʣ
ǰ鿴һĻҳʧ֮䣬һƺɳȥ
¡ӰײԫѪӿȾ¡
ǰشХɫô£Х岻˲һŶԡ
Хأλֻ߾Х֮Ϊγٳٲ
ɻ֮ʱϣʹǰս֣΢΢
²ö룬ХʵʧܣǰѾ䣬ڵХ壬һ


1079 һ
ɽħڤѹ֮Хؾ
ХֿȻסأϳȡؾе»ХʧԴֿԽ
ؼʱ̣߳¾սǿƥսڤս
սʧأϣʹħɷǹƾճ֣ħʱƣλ߳ͳǰ
޿ƥеλ߳ͳ쵱ϣս̸ı䡣
ͳս߳¾ȺףѸٱڤ
ѵս꣬ҵزڴϣսٽÿһأ˵
ХǰһХѪȾ콹
֮سУ˫ѣкӿϳԼĹ塣
ˣ
ʱХؾһɿµϸգԽޱƽ˵еĻʵ硣

ХиУ¶ϲ֮ɫ׷׿ķȼϣ
ϣĿ¶֮ɫ
ܣۿȥϢٴγ֣
ĿХؾһڶ⻪Ѹٻָս
ԣһλӳ֣üĿ࣬ЦǿϢӿȣʵס
Х֣뱯嫵ѹ£ХؾУǧڤٸһơ
˳ڤΣʼ

ϣ鿴ϵӰһ䣬Ŀᶨǰ֮ˣŵһֲ㣬ս¿ʼ
֮á
ƽӦ
ٻӰ˲طƣ
ԪɺݻһħԻɷ֣ħƵ
ħ߻ɷδħ׶ںϣطʱҡ
˫ٽ֣ȻͬǰӾ˵ս˲䵴ƽХ
ϣؼս֣Х֣֮ܣɢħһ̫ƽ
ʹ״ɫ£һħ˵ХѾ䣬ΪΣХڴˡ
£ǲХڣ
ХʱѾȥգ
ɽϿգʹӰͷϣħϯء
ħʹ
ˣХɫڵ
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һ̣ħУĵӰ߳ͬǿϢÿһλڴʹ֮¡
ķʹ
ֵˣХ΢У
һλʹλʹ֣ͬ߾۵Ϣգսֶʱ
ɱ
ʹڣ˶У֮棬ɱХ֮
λʹͬʱַ˻أߡ
ս֣ħһӳ֣յľƣ˿˿⡣
Х˫»ڣ˫̧һڣǰ޴Ӱ˻𣬶³Х
Х£죬ǿ壬ǿߣХԪڣһȭӲ
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һܴͬ˰벽λʹܴһ
ķʹͬһ̣ʹӰһȭ䣬ݡ
һȭħХ죬ХӰ˰벽ֳ֮ס
˾ãһһʽء
ʹϿգħ棬ӳ֣ʹʵǿХͬȼľ硣
ַǰĿɨϿս֣ɫ£ħоȻôµǿߣ𾪡
ХѲɱ⣬λХǿҲܵλ۷ǿ֣οĴڡ
˼ˣһȣһħ忪⣬̣ħϯء
ҡǣս쳾ع壬ħҡǾսͬʱ˻ħٴħ
ժ֣긡
ħ֮䣬֮䣬ӦвһƼζʱɳɡ
֮⣬ζסж£̧ԪǿƻС
һӭϣȻһ֮ؿѣվѡ
ǿƵλһǿߣսֱһǿߣͶ㣬ʱմҡ
ħ˿УǺ·Ȫ֮ܣХѲɱ⣬ֻЩ
䣬ȭٴΧռʱ飬޾ռ籩ϯӰ
һĳȻڲؿڣ̤ӳռ籩ǰӰʧռ籩С


1080 
ɽս֣ɱ¾ҰХ֣һϣȻλʹĳ֣ϣٶ
ХѲɱ⣬һռ䣬߲飬ΪĴС
ħǿ˼ɵХ츳ˣδҲһλ۷ľǿߣХħĺޣ󣬽Ϊһ
Х֮ʱϣХ֮䣬սԽңƸۻ˼ޡ
һƴϻ飬ХӲۻһƣȻһλʹ̨
ɽѪȾգʹδ׹֮ϡ
һλʹսλʹȴ޸УƲͣɱ¾˿־塣
ӲƵХһԽȣȻѳųֲ̫á
ս·ϷĴսɫأХ״̬ܲԾôػ£ս
Х񵱳ʣУ䣬ǿнս
ȻһƼХ˰벽һ𵴣ȴǲ¶벽ɫԪۣǿƻС
֮ƣݿ࣬޴Ӱڶʹ֮˲䱻ɡ
λʹսս룬ȻХʼֹѣԪɢȻ˼ޡ
ХĿ⿴Ұɽ֮ɫûжԣһ̤
ء
һ̣ɽϿգĵһĻХ죬Хο⣬޴Ӱ֣쳤Х춯ء
Х£ǳҡ̺󣬾֮ϣһſž޴ǳ׹Ϊǻ꣬ɽ
ʯ֮УλʹʹѸٻعħԪͣ߶Ӳһſǳ
֮ܣݿ࣬ײڴϣȥĿһС
ʯ֮Уɽʱ٣֮ǰХѡֻХ壬ħۡ
ַǰʻ岻ɢľߣһ̾ٶŲһ̤ΧƶȪ·
ˡ
һ£գʧ
ǻģʹλϿ׹µľ޴ǳˣȴΪʱ̫
ǳ׹سֲ֮ɽ˲䣬﷽Բɷ档
Ϣɽ֮⣬Ӱ߳Ŀ⿴ǰɽһͬڤ˫Ԩ
䣡
ʱٵɽ£ħ죬Ӱƿʯ
ʹλʹ֣һ£ȾѪȻܴᡣ
λްɡ
ǰλʹĮ
̫ӵ£ް
ʹѹҵħ
ͷĿɨ·ٵɽڵɣǻȥɡ
˵꣬ûٶת˷ȥ
ǡ
ǰһͬȥ
ǴʥɽһƬս뿪ãҡһĨӰ߳ħӿǰһȥλʹ֮һ
ٻɽʹԪһħɢûɽ
Լôʱ󣬶ʹҵˡ
һԪħ񷣬ʹһ𿪱ٵɽӰ·
ǧ￪ѵĶϺ£ʹӰ֣ǰĽ֮أһС
ٲХ֮Уһ޴Ѫس֣ǿ˼ɵ
ʣûлˡ
ʹԪۻƥһƣֱѪء
ħƺѪأһɿֲȻɢħơ
ྡྷ𵴣ʹ̱ɣһѪŻȾ´ء
ʾѳɳ˵ز
ʹɫ£ԥ˫̧̣콵׹ⲻڣħۣ

ڶʹɱ֮ʱͻȻһȻ׳֣
᣿
ʹѻףϤףӳ
ʮ̫ӣ㣡
𣿡
⣬һգħ֣һն
ͷ­Ѫӿ죬ʹо֮ɫĿ
ӹʹͷ­ڵ˵صħħ꣬ˡ
лˡ
䣬ؼ䣬ǧħ֣ȡڤսµħħꡣ
ǧħȥΨһħûжĿ⿴еͷ­пڡ
ĿµĴħƽҪ
ʹ͡Ӱħ
ҰĲǻ£ȥɡ
˵һ䣬ֽʹͷ­˦˹ȥ
Ӱħӹʹͷ­й⻪Խңȴûʧ̬һ񣬹лˡ
ûٶԣĿ⿴ǰѪأɫʣ
ԭħĿ


1081 ֮
ɽ£Ѫطڣֲļ¡
ʹһƣѳ˯ʣڣ˷ɢ
״üͷ壬ʹ뿪ãλħħؿŴ˷뱻֣ðһ㡣
䣬ѪϿգһͣ
ǰĿ⿴Ѫ·һŰƴʺѪвµѹص˴
֮ģ
ɫԭλž޵֮ʻĺ֡
ʣϹʱ;ľ콾ͬΪһλŮӳ٣һ·ս̤콾Ѫ֤ûʵ
ֻǣգ޵нغʵҲ˾ͷʧС
û֪ȥֻǣĳյĻƻʱ죬ٳٲ䣬·Ը޵лȥ
һպû˵κйʵϢ䣬عء
ֻǣ˭û뵽ʻὫԼ£ҹ˜ڴٳһա
Ѫµ֮ģ˼һħʶһ´Ŀı֮ġ
ܹԸħҪá
Ԫѩϻۣޱ߶ûǰѪء
ΣϮѪ֮Уٶӿֿźʴ
ײɽ·
ȣ
£һȣ˫Уɡ֣ͬɽƣǧ
ǣ
һ̶ıѪ֮Уѩɱӣѹƻ
ʮصʣΨʣһģԵֵﶦʢ״̬֪ס߷Բ
ӽɽϣѪӦѣ֮ķɳС
Щһ̤ɳѹȡ
ϣ·ħɽƽˡ
䣬ɽǧħΪûϵС
һʢ磬ǧħĻһʵԽǿǿİӰħȻƽ쳾
ǧħعûٶӰʧ
ʣһƳ䣬ɽϣɢ˺ҹĺ䡣
ǴХؾҲյʢһ֮ͻȻûκס
ʳǰɽӰ֣ڸҪʱϷʹߣʹͻȻһƺߣħйҲʼ⡣
ʹ״ɫһ䣬ã
٣ѵʹˣ
˺£
ףԨӿˣĮ
ް£Ҫȥһˡ
ʹסҪٵĶʹˣٳħطȥ
⣬¶⣬ɹˡ
ħˡ
ʱϣӰ߳ǰӰڵ
ħͷûж˵һ̣˫ٶںϣΪһ塣
ǣֱӳԼĸۡȥ
ʮ̫ӸУʫʫˣǰ
£
ɡ
ˣƽҪκ˵𣿡
ǡ
ʫʫ绥һۣ
°ɡֵ
ʫʫٶһȥ
ظ֮ʱħأӰٶȿ쵽£ʱ
ס
ϷʹԽȵĶʹ
쵽ˣ
ʹŽǰħأϷ취סʶ

δ䣬ѵＫ޵Ķʹһƺߣٵѳų֣ɢ뿪
ʹϷʹ״ɫһ䣬ˡ
һ̣ħһ춯صħգħѹ£סʹһ˿ʶ
һħʵƽ
ǡ
˹ٳȥ
ħ˰򣬽ҹһսϸر
λХûһħ
ħʣʮХʵڲ֮䣬˭ռþϷ磬ʱ̣ǿռ籩Хɣ˭ʤ˭δ֪ʹʵ͵
Ҳա
һħʵͷռ籩ɣûл߳ĿܣҲû뵽ѾХٴγ֣ϼһѾ㵽ħǰȥɽ
ħʣʹ£֮Ļ᲻ҲУʹ
ʮа˾ˡ
һħӦϧʹʶ̫޷ԴǺΪ벶ȸں֪֮ХȻֹħ壬һΣʧˡ
ͬʱʮ̫Ӹڣ֣Ȫ
Ƭ̺Ѫʢҫ۵ѪУһѪĳ֣ɢ


1082 ŭ
ʮ̫Ӹ֮ڣǿƥѹÿһ䡣
ʮأ£֮ɱʢȴĿܡ
Ѫתؼġ
ǰ֮ģ˼Ƭ̧̣ڲԴûġ
ʢ¯Դû룬֮̾Ҳúһ㣬Դ֮
ʱԴιġ
ȻĲϷ֣һǿҪǿԴ֮
ɫ΢䣬֮ϣ޾ӣѸٱ
ι㣬Ҳܻ㣬Ҫ֪ô
˵һ䣬ʤ֮ڣؽ˪Ϊѩ硣
ܵǿҵΣ֮֮ٷ
ߣֻȥĿ⿴ǰģ˼
֮ģͬСɣõĺãԣǲɻȱһ
һ˻عԭʼħ򲻾ãХ屻Ϣͬ籩һѸٴ
塢𾪣һҹ֮䣬һȻ峹׸⼸ǲ顣
ħ壬һʱ䣬еĿȫԭʼħ䣬Ҳֻħ֪Ĩһǿ塣
½صؾУʿŴɽܱɫǳ֮ɫħ߾ȻôѾʼж
ʦ𡣡
󷽣ʥŮӯӯһ񣬿ڵӣ
Х帲ԤʾħѿʼΪս׼ӣħȫԭʼħǱڵĲأħһ򲻺ͣܿܽٴ١ʿżԶ½ǿħƣ
ʦǻʵħĪð֮踣Ŀŵع壿ɫص
̾ڵħӵλħʣǰǿ󣬼㼸ֻ֣ǿƺ⣬ο֮䣬͸Ĵ¼ɣͬģħֻҪץסһ㣬׾Ҫơ
ԣĬƬ̺󣬿ڵʦ𣬲Ƿ壬ݱһħɡ
ܲġ
ҡͷ¶п֮ɫλħҰĲսڼʱ̣Ĵڡ
˵Ŀ⿴ӣģΪʦǰһҪȥԺһʳǣȥѰλʮ̫ӣλŮ壬Ϲʱڣһ壬ħһԹħȻѿʼжпܳΪһ壬ֻһλӣʮ̫ӳ棬ܹ˵ֹ֣ⳡѡ
ǡ
ԽŨ
ͬʱؾ֮УŴɽܱвþѹ¡
Х屻ħ徿ʲôϳ
ħĿΣλʮ̫ӵĻ¶ϣΪҹζ࣬Ҫʵ׷ɫص
ͷʵǰһħ׿Ӧʮ̫ӵĻ£һʳǣ¾ʵ
ͬһʱ䣬ԨɽƽʨУХ屻Ϣ𾪵ͬʱ˿ʼΣ
ʱͬգħӵλħʣǰǿ󣬸ͬκܹ⡣
ԨڣһǿƥĻѹ֣ɳԨףΣķ˲̤벽
һħʣĪҪ֮Լ
Ԩ֮ڣһϵ޾ʱգ಻衣
ħأӿħУһħ˫ۣԶԨɫĮʼǵúʽ䲻ĸķӡ޷ƿս֮£ΨʱӺ󡣡
ʽѰѰΣۻʳ
һħԣй⻪ʢ֪䣿
ǰһӣȻγɣôпܾ취ѰħҲҪӿˣϾԪѲ࣬ٵ顣ۻʳ
ġ
һħʻӦʻᾡ콫ԭʼħеĲسֻĸķӡƿս̿
Ǳá
ԨԨ£ָžҲûһ˿졣
󣬱չ˶ʱľ˫ۣؼıӳ¡
һڣ
ʮ̫ӸԾһ̾Ÿȥ
֪ʦ̫ãʵǿߣͨأô飬һֱס
ǰͣ½Ų
£
󣬾һΣ˼ŭ⡣
ĬĬӣǣλɽĳǰٽ
Х֮£ǷҲ롣ŭ
ǡ

飡
䣬֮һֲƿնȻһ֪֮
ۣ
һѪȾ£ӷɳʮɣǿסΡ


1083 Σ
ǰ߶ŭһƳͽ䣬ѪɽȾء
סΣֲ̧ѪĬûаԡ
Ϊʲô
֮󣬻ߵٶȴŭڵ
һħ֮ӲΥ

Ϊβ֪ᣡĳ
´ʱһħӽ¸ʦ𡣡
ǰɫƽһħʼѾХ嶯֣ǵȥ벻ȥѲɸı䣬Ϊˣһλħʣֵá
󷽣ħӿˣħУŭɫ֣һ˲֮ڡ
ǰĿŵĵӣ¼ȳʵ᲻׷Ϊʦֻ㣬ХɻҴ֮ˣ
Ĭú󣬿ڵУХ˿ռУӴҲʦ֣
üͷ𣬵׷ٵ䣿
š
ͷ֮ʱʶӡǣֻҪʦϳ֣ұаվ
Ǻã·ɡ
䣬ĻӹУվҡת˲һ޴ĺɫѺ۳֣ռ֣˲ҿ
ڣǰռѺۣûԥС
Ӱȥ
һ̣УռѺۻ£ʧ
޾ޣʱϻΣȻ쳾Ҳ̤㡣
ʱշһĪ⣬һʱʧ򣬱Ҳҵ·
ǿ쳾߾ֵܵʱֲ˺ǳ޷ҵ·ջὥ;ƿݣԪľ
޿ռУǰӿĿռ籩ĸӦХ䡣
Ʋᣬ޷ų̫ãҪ콫ѰѾĻİţ޼ֵ
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ӦãĿƹԶҵˣǰ
ĵͷһߵӣǰָķȥ
ʵ٣Խؽޣָ֮䣬֮⡣
޾ʱ⣬һѪӰ˫۽գԶʱ
Хǿ¿ռ˺ס
ȻʱƣХԽԽ΢Ȼ޿ռ䣬߾ХཥԳų֡
ڴʱԶħѸٿʵ֮ѹʮء
ħУӰ֣Ƭ̺߳ſռڵӰ̧ǿн߾
ܴ̫أݽߣЩ鷳
ϸХ˵
뿪
˵һ䣬ˣԭ·ء
һʱ󣬾ռѺſӰ߳
Х£ԪԴԴϹڡ
һԣľһĻй⻪Х屻ԭٲµһЩ֮ģһֱֳһĲʣȷǿħ嶼Ҫɵ
֮ҵ𣿡Ŀʵ
֮ģ
֣¶ʲô֮ģ
ԣüͷ壬һħûи£
ҡͷҵõֻХ壬֮⣬ûκ
˵ǰߣɻʦ˵֮ģʲô
Ϲۣ֮ʡ
¶һĨ廳֮ɫǸʱ콾УһСһλţһ·Ÿ֮£˱Ǻʡ
Ϊİвû壿
ΪָĲһ塣
ĻعĽ͵ϹʱڣսҲֹʺճΪԱѡ˳ͳ壬֮ҲǴǸʱʼԭʼħҲѸٷֱڡ
нȻĿ⿴ХλХӦþʺɣ

ĵͷХʵĺˣ֮ģһֱҲХ֮УֻϢֻХֱ֪һХգѻ꣬ϢŻй¶ȥ
ԭˡ
̾ʦХƲᣬҪʱȽظչˣƺת취ͳʳǡ
Ҳá
ףСһЩĪ˷֡
ס
Ӧߵľǰһȣħӣû
Ӹˡ
һХ֮ȥ
ͬʱʳУӰ֣һǣ£һ߳Ȼף覡
Ů죬Ůģͬʳǣ˸֣Ŀȫ˹ȥ
֮ǰųõŲͣ£üͷ΢΢
ôˣ
ʮ£
䣬һŮȪƢ
ʥŮ
ףһ
򣬺Ů졢ŮͬݣȴǽȻͬʡ
Ĺ
¶һĨЦݣþò
ʮ»̫֮λδüףأϲˡ
л
Ӧ֪Ĺк£
¹ش󣬲֪Ƿܹħʣɫ
ͷĿ⿴һߵĺŮҲʦģ
š
ף
ɡ
Ҳûٶ˵ת·
ȥǰ¶죬һ񣬵¡
ͷŮ
Уʦ𣬺ŮʥŮ
£
䣬Уħӿ߳ˣ
μħʡ
졢ǰ
ˣֱ˵ɡ
Ļˣƽ
졢Ļһۣ¹һҲûãǰһħʣǰǷʦħʳֹ岻úٵ֮Σ
һԣԣɫ΢䣬壿
ǰǰԣ΢΢𣬵ǹʲô𣿡
½֪֮£ʸŲߣһλӵдǻ۵Ļʵǿߡ
ʦֻģ֮ΣΣΨʮº;ħʿɽ⡣ɫ
ĳĬϹʱ壬ȷʵħһԹѿʼжôȷпܳΪһĿꡣ
ʮ£˵֮УŮµŮ¿ڴϣֹⳡƽ١ɫ
лع֣һΣħѴĵߣá
лĹѡ
һ񣬵Ĺȥ߹ǰ֮£һᾡӲ
еµĳŵıˣ˼ˣĲٶħʡ£ˡ
˵꣬ĳǰĻٶһתȥ


1084 ѹ
ħأħһƬţ޾κ
ǿ쳣ϢϢϴǰȻɽһսλħܴأδȫָ
μλħʡ
ʹ֣
ʱѵְɡ
һħʵƽ
ǡ
ʹ

ڴʱԶʳУһͬϵƬ̺Ͽգӿ콵ԵϢǧѹصԴϢ
μħʡ
ˣʹɫһ̹񣬵
ģôˣ
һħ
ֳ׼𣿡
ĳ
кβɣӦ֪ħһ֮ĶԹգʴȡһħĮ
ϹʱĶԹǣֳħһܰ峯ݣûбҪչʾԼȰ
ģ㳤ò£飬в㲻ҪȥܣΪ㡣һħʳ˵
Уʹûٶȴתȥ
𣬵ֳҪһ𣿡
ģħһ֮ʣӦԻΪأ飬ᡣһħ
ȻֳѶʵҲٶȰǡ
䣬ϣħӿӰȥת˲֮ʧ
֮УһĨӰȴ
ʱǰħӿ߹
ǰֵӰǰһѯʵʦ𣬽Σ
ʧܡ
Σѽˡ
ԣɫ£תŵȥ
Ҫʲô
ǰĿĵӣ
Ȼһħʲ֣Լķֹⳡֻ
ǰͣ½Ųƽ˵һ䣬ǰȥ
ԣüͷӣĪҪħ濹
Ҫ嶯
ѵĻδü˵У֪ӰѾʧȥ
̾һҪ׷ȥ
ģֳ㲻뿪
һ̣֮ʣ״һɺ֮ǧС翪û
ǧСڣĿΧõĿռ䣬ɫ£˻֣Ҫ赲֮Ų𣡡
ΪҪһԡ
УϣħӿһλתϢǿ֣߳ƽ
к¶ϵİ˻ħʣǻʵΨеˣ
һ䣬ħӿս֣ɺ辪ħǧС硣
ۼǰȼնħ棬˻ħɫҲϾŵʵɲ⣬ⲻá
˼ˣ˻ħַתŭ죬ʱױڣ
λħʽ̣֮ԭʼħУǧڤϣٱΣɽ
ؾԨУһĨӰԶԭʼħ¶һĨп֮ɫ
ڻҪˡ
壬񣬾Ϊ˶ħһıֻǣһʱ㲻һХ屻֮գ֪պܿᵽ

Ԩ⣬һ񣬵Ѱİţ󲿷ߡ
ͷҲ߰ɣСһЩĪҪħһ巢֡
ĬƬ̺ҡҡͷǲˡ
ɡ
ɫ΢δ˵꣬ɫһ䡣
Ԩ⣬ƣһĨӰ߳ףǲ廤Ӱ죬ƾ
ӣ
ˣһܿ죬ָ¶ϲ֮ɫ
ҲлعĿ⿴Ԩˣоǲ⡣
ôģûзӦŶ޲
ǰ
ǰһ
ض񡣡
ǰߣôʱˣ
Ϊ˸֪ǰħһڤ·ϣܿ͵ˣǰ׼ɫص
лѣ׼ֻʯٵһ̡
ԣüͷ壬ǰβ˵أг룬ɽڲûգħâʢƥУӲӲǵѡ񡣡
¶һĨ΢ЦһƬس޾µ˥ΣΪ֮ᣬҪƬ
ǰʲô𣿡ɫ
΢΢һЦҵһط𣿡
ûСҡͷ
ǱˣȻطδѰͱħУڻħͻ
Ĭ֮󣬿ڵͻֻҪǰ׼ұоųɰսħȫΣɽֻǰǰ˾


1085 ɽ
Σɽħӿ״ħ
ħУǧڤħԪһƬѹֵԴϢ
ǧħ֮ǰħʹϷʹ֣ʹУգһħ־ܡ
ħ˿䣬ΣɽУǿǿؾ
ԨǰϿյΣһƬ䡣
վں󷽣ϵڣħ½֪һħʵħ˵һУһħʹãԽһΪֲ
ӡ
̫ΣգЩ뿪ɡ
ףѾͷ΢΢ЦЦ£ڰôõľƣƽʱûôõĻᣬҹӾ͸չʾһ£ʲôˡ
䣬УһڷʯĲнԻַ棬֡
תأ̼䣬ؾ£¡¡޾ĵʼɣɽӿ
ɽɣ
ɫ𣬵Ĵɽ֮
ɷУƣһھԻɷ˷
ɡɽưƥһ֣ؼ䣬Ӣ֮ϻۣӳֽ
Ĵɽ֮ף׽ѹŵľ²֪飬ɽ롣
ɱһ
ʣʹ·ؾһ£ɱ¾
Ԫۻһ廤һ춯صĴУҲֱ
һ̣ǧڤΪǧؾɫâ¡
ϣ߳һϮɫȹƮ裬绪˲Ŀ
ħʹϷʹӰһǰһ󣬷ס֮·
ˣ
ˣ
ûǰ뿪ñʹĿ࿴ļָı䲻ʲô֮塣ʹ
õɡ
̧֣ɫǹʢǿƥֱ۷塣
һжֶܼУ
䣬ʹӰ˲ݿ
󽣽硣
ʱؼ䣬һ΢ŵת˲򽣳޾֮⣬ưƥߣ̱ɰ֮⡣
ǣ
ħʹϷʹ״ɫ΢䣬и֣
󽣽ؾ򣬽ʼգݺύĽⲻؼݺᣬ޿ɱܣ޿ɵ
ˡ
翪ؼ䣬һĮѵ
ԣûκԥŲһ̤Ѹȥ
ߵ𣡡
ħʹϷʹ֮׷ȥ
Ȼ˷Ŷؼ䣬һƿնǧأˡ
ɫ£Ӳ⣬ٻ񣬲ԶռѿУӰʧ
ͬһʱ䣬ؾռһλλӰʧȫͳΣɽ
ϢΣɽ⣬Ӱƾճ֣Ϊ֮ˣ°׷һԪӿ
ǰһ̣
ڣǰ磬
š
ͷ˻ɫ⻪ڣԪƣǰڡ
ƣ̿⣬ƥ֮߶˼һϹ֮
¡һ֮ϣиУҲ
һ̣֮УһںɫױԻѱ棬졣
ȣ
һȣѩ죬ǿд߶⻪ɢ
ɶ֮У죬ϼո
󷽣ꡢһĻɫڡ
ӵʵǶЩ˽⣬ȴ룬ӻ˾˵ĵơ
̫ŵһɽ󣡡
֪вӿ˼侹̫ɱʵš
Ȫ¡ɣȻۻȪ¶ɱ¾ΨɣųɱĪС
˵ɽΪ¾ɡɡΪĴɽศɣȻ޽ɣҲҪޡ
ȻĴɽδۣһɽһ󣬱ɱߣ¡
ϧԴϹʱڣĴɽ٣ɽҲ֮ʧ˵е̫ŵһɱҲһͬʧ
ǰӿİɫԽΣλ˾Ǻݣӵɽ˾˵衣
ȣ
Σɽǰй⻪ԽԽңԽϼǿɽ̫ɱ֮
ϻȪ£仯٣Ȼ˽⣬Ψеɽݵһ֮Ե仯ְһ
䣡
֮ϣ䣬֮Կ־壬ŭҪĨ
ৣ
֮Уһҫ۵Ľ⻮գֱնֱ졣


1086 꽫
Σɽɽ󿪣̫ŵһɱ־â
仯ְһ޾Ľݺύһٴ۵Ѫ
׽ɣâ޾̫նɱǿߺɷɽΧƣֲѹѵء
УǧڤԽԽ࣬УǧħԵֿ֫ϱ۷׷ɣѪˮȾΣɽ
ϣϱѣɣ⣬ؾɫ
ɡɣңӦϹŵɽĴ˸Ҵâ
Ĵɽ䲻ն壬Ȼɽ֮Ƿɼ䣬ǧڤУһڿںɫ䵶ѣѳм½
Σɽ⣬ѩ̿⣬ǿпɽƣһ߶Ĺȫǰڡ
ƣһӳ֣У꣬ʼգ޼޾Ŀк졣
ؾϿգħʹϷʹΧݺύĽ⣬ɫأȫֵɱ¾֮
ħӿһһ⣬Ȼ޾֮Ծɣλʹɫ쳣ȫּ
޾ֹϷʹܵϿɽɱŲһ̤գҪлٽ
ɣ
ħʹ״ɫһ䣬Ӱ׷ȥ
ɽ£ϷʹŭԪۻƥֱױ
¡һħƺױ춯صУɽͻȻ
ϣһѺ۳֣ʯѳħʼѿ
Σɽ⣬״ɫ΢䣬ڵҪٽ
ްǻȥֻ׾ֶĲʯѡ
˵䣬˫ֿϣ֮߶ľ⣬ڽɽܵ־̾
һ̣ɽϣ죬޴ĺɫᴩأУںХ
Ͽգɿ⣬ѵĺɫʯ䣬׽ֱòʯĽӴѺݺύ𺳡
ɽױ־֮޴ɫ׽֮ڣҡơ
һ̣ĵһĻƣһɽƾճ֣Ȼն¡
ˣ
ħʹɫ䣬նµĽ⣬
ѣϷʹӰˣȻ޾࣬ˣ
䣡
䣬سϿգձնֲĴѺۣ޾ӣβ

Ϸʹ죬׽Ȼ׽޾Ʋɵһ޵Ѫӿ죬˫Ӧѡ
һ˫ۣɲֱն֮ݻ
һ޿ݣ£ٶնٶħʹ
ȣ
ħʹ״ŭüңһȣ߶ħһӲ׽
¡ɽħӦײ̶УħǵɽȻȻͬɸС
ƾನ𵴣ħʹѪӰٴ׹
Ȼһɳ죬ϣħʹֲѪ׽¶𺳡
Ǵ˵еɽ𣬾Ȼµ˳̶ȡ
ڣŽݺᣬǧڤʣ޼ֲɱ¾֮չ̫
ʱΣɽ⣬һƺߣѪǵ¡
״ǿ޷ô
ް
ѹƣĿ⿴ħʹݻɽ뽫ԶܽշһУȫ񡣡
壡¶ǵ
û£ǰ赣ģҹ⣬ЩƲ̫Ӱ졣
Ӧһ䣬й⻪Խ貣˫ֿϣܼ֮ӳɽ֮ܡ
󷽣һ̾Ҳٶԣ߶һԪڡ
֣͵徻ɭ֫ϱأ쳣
ǧڤһڣɽУΨʣһˣѪ۶Ŀ
ϵ£ɡɣɽ뽣Ϣÿһ䣬˿·
ʹսʹ־ŭ߶סӰŲӲ׽â
ħʹΣ̣֮ԶħԪѸӶֲѹ硣
ħʣ
ܵԶٸϢΣɽǰɫ΢һۺ󷽵񣬵ϣս
ˣ
һȣԪջɽһնգС
뿪ãʣħѹһɫħħУصӰ⻪ҫʵϣ˾塣
һƣ׹˼䣬һƷ齣ħʿ·ʹأ
ħʹϷħʣƣħʣѾˡ
ħ⣬ʶͿƬ̺ʶȥ֮ԼȥԨ췣
Ԩ֣ħʹӺݺһ΢ּ
ħһûٶ˵Ӱڿգʧʡ
ħʹһΧĿս֣ǿѹڵƣΣɽȥ
뿪ʱΣɽ⣬վƬ̺һѺԻӰ߳󷽣ڶ֮
һѪŻǿѹƱ
ӡ
ꡢɫ΢䣬
û¡
סΣ֮߶ѹƣĿ⿴ڶ¶ο֮ɫΣܻ壬һжֵˡ
Ϊһ壬Ż˴ӷ˴УӲң˾ʱٵָ㣬
л֮
һ̣󷽣Ϊףеȫӣߵл
״ǰǰضӦģ˵ѷǰȫ֮أǰǾ뿪ɡ
ͷĿⲻؿһǰΣɽڴˣ뿪Զ
ɽڲûգֻҪ˻ڣһжϣħ嶯ϣԭʼħܿϴĽ׶Σǰһ˵ĵطɡɫ
š
Ӧתˣڵ߰ɡ
ǣ
λ񹧾һͬȥ
ӡ
ڼӳˮؿǰˣ֪һηֱ𣬽ҲûмĻᡣ
һԣ춮µĶҲ̵ƫͷ΢΢ᡣ
ˣֲԶˣαŪøƵġ
̧ѾͷԲУɫº͵ǰú˵ӻҪָǰæҪúĻҪ͵𣿡
ţһŬ
ˮʹ˵ͷ
߰ɣǰ̫á
һԶ֮ڵ
ꡢͷ䲻ᣬȴȥ
Ŀ뿪ϵºͽʧڣûȥӭӿ籩ˡ


1087 ǰϦ
ʳǣƾʮ̫ӸУգʳǳƽƽзš
ʧΣɽɽе˶ΪѾ壬ħԽɵ
λħԭʼħ½Ȼŭȴǲκζ
ħأͣʧܣħصԵʮֳأһλλħԴеߵõϢоǲ⡣
߾սһλдʹϷʹ˳֣ʧܣһλ߿ڣ
ݴܱһսħʧأϷʹսǧڤһڶλ߿ڣ
ˡ
ɻڤħǿľӣΪҲҪ̤֮ϣ쳾ǿ಻Ҫȫ𣬼սҲ
ö£һۣδ֪ǿ߲ˡ
ʱһϵ𣬻شɻ
ֳع񣬹
ϾѾ֤ûʵҲӦҪŬˣᵱǷħԴҪиƾõһ򣬵֤һħ
ĬĵԣŽ񺱼Ϲʱ£е˶֤ûʵ϶ԣȻӵͬĻѪǣϾģǵʲĲһǰ㡣
ֳ֮У˺£ûлʵǿ֣߳ܽħһǧڤȫĨ𡣡ڣ
ɽ󣡡
һħƽݴʹԣǸղŽ壬ɽ󣬲
ɽ󣿡
¶֮ɫǲĴɽʧɱôִ󣿡
Īĸԭʼħ𣿡
š
һħʻӦΨһͣǰɽУİǿ߲ʵս֮Уٴγδ֪ǿߣѲɺܹ͡
ǻʵǿ𣿡
Ӧòǡ
һħʻӦĸķӡδȫƿʵǿߵ޷ֻͨǻǰ˳̶ȡ
ֻһλ𣿡
λüһλôֵܲ˻߼ս
ƶΪǲܡ
һħƽʼδҲ֪ǺεΪԿ϶ǣ˽ͨ죬ɽ֣һΪ鷳ĵˡ
ɽԣ΢ɽ֮ǿɱ¾򣬿նħľױȻҲˡ
ֳһɵĶ󡣡
Уһֱû˵ڣյλӣ˵費ףλδ֪ǿߣ᲻
һħʳĬƬ̺󣬷񶨵໳ɹӣ̫̫࣬
᲻أ
ԼС
һħʻӦɽУҪ˹ģɽҲڵľܹ⣬ɽУ֮Ǵӣʲܲ
ˣ˻ɣֳ̽һΡ
һħʵͷӦĵԵȷһ̽ӡ

ͬʱɽԭʼħΪĻ֮һգһλ߳ǿΪȻ߾
ɽʥӵ͵ûκ˵ע⣬űȥ
ͬһʱ䣬塢ʯͻƽʨȫ˶Ӧ룬ɴǰȥ
պ󣬱½ؽ磬ĴĴʥء
ԭʼһ壬һ̳ȼ𣬷죬ڶ̳м䣬һ޴ļ̨䣬̨Ľǣӳ¡
ڴʱ̨ϣĹڣһӰƾճ֣ǽؽĴ崫ˡ
ʥأȻڲͬ
ƽʨ崫˺ԨΧ϶׳۵ľ̾
۶ʯӡɽʥӣλ崫Ŀ⿴Զһ̳ɫвͬ
һأܹʥص˸٣ǵһˣĸк档
λӣ񡣡
˹۲֮ʱ̳֮ϣۣһĨ绪Ӱ߳Ůģǰ
Ԩ۶˻ʥŮһΨһѡλǱѰ֮ҲҪ
Ĺ֪ǰΪ£Ԩڣʵ
һǰʦҪͨλѯʡ
˵䣬Ŀ⿴Զʥƽʦ˶ˡ
䣬ʥУһϵӰԻһӴʧ
һ̣ļ̨ϣʱվֹλ崫ɫһ㣬
̨Ͽգλɡ
ʣ겻
Уؼ䣬ĵõӰԻʵѹա
ۻʡʯʡɽʥƽʨֲ֣֮ϢԴϢ
ǰӦ̰ɣɽʥڣƽ
ʵͷλĿģظλѲµ֣ԭʼħڴƵХ̱壬ǺΪ֪ѸλѾѣֵ嶼пܣ壬Ψн˷Ա
ǷЩ졣
ۻʿڣϾǻ壬ο򣬼һҲҪ˼С
̫СħĿˣ
ʯߣֱڣħ̲Ұ˭֪ħһֱҪԭʼħսڴ֮ǰΨһͳԭʼħܹ׽ǵĺ֮ǡ
ʵλʵǿҲٹ˼ɣϣƽʨ֮ǰˣʣǷ񿴵ʲô
ʵͷδãԭʼħޱս𣬼಻⡣
ħ徹ĸҶ֣
ɽʥüͷ壬ʣ㻹ʲô
ʣȫ壬Ȼ֮⣬Ψһܿһ˲ս棬ңԭʼħҰܣʳ
Ļԣɫһôܣ
ϹʱڣԭʼħǿҲҪֻ࣬ǣλɽ֮ʵֲ̫һӪնɱħǿߣƾһ֮Ťתս֡
Ĵɽѻ٣λѹϹʱĶɽ֮䣬ܿԭʼħ
ֻܿЩԭΪΣ޷֪ʵ
սǺ󻰣񻹹ܲô֮࣬ӦħҰģʲôֻԴСɽ֮ɫ
ˣ
ƽʨ֮Ψһİ취壬˭ܶԿħ壬ΨнˣܶԿλħ֮ʡ
֮֮ʱԭʼħ壬뾡취ѰԱ֮
ؾλнصȴŮ
գ֮⣬֣
Σǰʵ
ħͬˣ
ͷɫ


1088 ֮
ʳǣʮ̫ӸУɫǳĽѽ⡣
ͬ£ʮ鷳
ΪԱħ壬ܹ⣬ǣȢޣȢ֮Ů
ǸùֻǣĹ޲
£ҹЩϢɡ
ʫ׳ŵǰЩѵ
ع񣬿ǰЩӵѾͷƽʫ磬еطȥ𣿡
ʫԣ¶֮̿ɫ̹££֪ūĲãʾūһȥġ
ǰߵķӦüͷ𣬵ûĲãҲҪߣֻǣΪūΪ澵ӣǲܹᷳóʫ궼ЩңҷǳǱԹɵ
ʫͷū澲ߡ
Ϊʲô
üػɵĻᣬαؼ£ɫ£
̫ӵ£Ǹ߸ϵĻ̫ӣᶮЩū澵ΣһеĻӣ˸Ҷǣһ̫ӸǱҲûпɽЩɫŮӣһ㶼̫õ³ʫ̧ͷǰˣ
ԣԸɣƽ
ʫĬƬ̺󣬿ڵ£ūûʸ̸ɵġ
ɱ̾ٶȰת°ɡ
ǡ
ʫ繧һȥ
ǰǳ˫ڣˣκ˰ڲ
ҲУ
֮𣿡
ʱǰվһĨħӰ֣ǿΪ춯أ̫Ӹضҡ
ʦ𡣡
ˣһ񣬵
ŮĻһħԿӦ£ѳ˶֣ٶ룬Ϊʦ㣬Σɽ飬𣿡ɫ
ǡ
ͷʵش
ԣüͷ𣬵Ǵǰɽ֮ˣҲˣ
šӦ
Ϊʲô
ɫ£Ϊʦ⣬ɽУΪΣ
Ϊ˲λħʵõʽ
ûش
ɽ֮ô˵죿
š
ͷʦֻǣħ;ʦ𼴱֪ҲֻΪѡ
ǰӻشȻ֣磬ԭʼħ׳󣬶һ޴в
ĸķӡıƿ𣿡
Ӧֻƿһ֡
ƽʵԶԭʼħԭʼħĻʵǿɳ룬λħʵҰģѷ죬λħ֮һĵõʽĿĺпܾΪ˳׻ȥĸķӡٿսҲ뿴Ϳ̿ԣʽһܱλħʵõ
ĵͷʵ˰ɡ
ʦ𣬱Ǹ
¶ǸкοԣǰãĵǸ壬ȴҲΨһ顣
Ǹ
¶пһ֮ŤתǬΪʦҲֻ˵ԭʼħ塢壬ضյ㾹Ȼ˲裬ʵ˼
ʱգʵ֪ø˻ѹ˵ǣĵ˳ɫɫе磬ѹǣĵӣһչַâʱΪ˶Ըħ塣
ʦɽ˽ʵ࣬ΨڶɽʱһΣסһЩ仯˴˳󣬳ȴǰƾ̻Σɽʮصȥһǿһ󣬲ʵʵ˵
仯Ī⣬ܲǲǧڤЩˣ˽ɱ¾̫֮·ûʲôôٿɫ
ӽǡӦ¡
ĿǰӣΪʦΨһĵӣΪʦף಻ϣսԣЩӷ£Ϊʦװ֪ǣֽվסɽһսУλħʻѾģһҪСġ
ס
ǰ֮һɫʦһ仰ϣʦܷУԭʼħ֮սܿ򣬲壬ԭʼħҲ٣룬ʦҲԸһĻ
Ϊʦᾡֹ㲻ҪȻһݱ¶ΪʦҲѻȫ
˵һ䣬ûٶԣӰȥʧ
ǰʧħһ̾˵Լݣɼ֣ΣĻ֮ġ
ҹɫ΢Żʳӿķƣɫƽй⻪
ԭʼħѾأԽǶ˽⣬Խеģԭʼħǿ죬ʵڶ̫࣬ľ֮ϵǿߣǸ߳첻֪ٵȼ
ɽȫ׼¶߾֮ϵǿߣӦԭʼħ򲽲Σÿζʱ䡣
ԵΣգֻԽԽ࣬ΨоԼʵ;
ħħű䣬ѲҡǾߵĵľǣħź쳾սı壬ͻƵľǵ
ľһ룬콾ڵľǰô
Ψٵľʸǿһϳ̣ٲơ
̫ӸУҹɫԽԽ֪ʱ£⻪ɢؽ͡
ǰҫ֮֮ɲǼ䣬ȪڣһſŴӰ֣ѧ֮Уء
ݣǳƣʱױڣ̫Ӹ
Ŵм䣬ӰڿգȻ׷裬Ӣˣġ
ѪһҴѧ񣬾ԶѲɲ飬ӵпѧ롣
֮
˫ַƣ°գ쿪˲˫֣Ϊռ𶯣ǧ仯Գų֮ܡ
ռڣ˫֮ϣҪǿں
ںϣ°ֲ֮ų֮дһȣٴֹ壬
¡¡֮Ѵﵽ޵ռԳֲƵӡǱһѺ۳֣֮⡣
䣡
ͻȻ˫Ͽգ°ױȵĳԳųֵһ̣ϣ˫˻Ԫʡ
һ̣˵һĻʳϿգ֮ײʣƿңزҡ
ţ
ɲǼ䣬ʳǸĿԿʣ¶֮ɫ
ǾǸӣ
ħأס˻λħʿʾƣڡ
˵ˡ
һħг£


1089 ħʴͻ
ʳǣأ֮ʳǡ
Ŀ⿴ʾвηӿѹ¡
ÿֲλʮ̫Ӿ˾˵
ʮܵʵѲˡ
̫ӸУ忴ӿķˣڵ
񱩶ңԲܿơ

ʮܷΪħ䣬ܱȵ֣߱綼޷ɫ
ʮȷǷվǻϵȻʦǾħʣδͳɺûаֹϵ𵭵
ԣʮԽǳɫǶԣһ£ȴ֣ʮܸпߵһߣ𣿡¶΢Цƽ
ˣҲӲҲ²⣬ֺпܻʮ֡侲
ԣɫƬ̺˵ͷȷʵߵ壬һĺĽɫֲ˵ҲһΣյʼջš
費Ҫһ䡣
忴Զʮ̫Ӹ룬ҡͷãʮܴνǷǷӦ뵽ֿܻǰȥѣ˵̫ޣ𲻵κã˵̫ףֻԵխڱڮԼֳ
ǰԣףǻʵ˼ǲܣֻǣҹʮ˾˵ʵ¸ʵֳľġ
ʱް
ֻҪʮܲʳǣͲΣգҵĵǣֻһὫʮ֧ʳǣʱ鷳
ͷ̫߸ڶ̫࣬Լһλ߾ǿߣʮ֣ܳ˷ʤ
ͬʱ̫Ӹվ⣬Զ˵һĻ΢΢
λʮܣһһθϲ
ֳˡ
ӿڣϵʱԽãʮͻԽʱҪô׵¡
żܿͻˡ
ջĿ⣬ƽ
ֳ˵Ļǣ
üͷ壬ʵ
顣
浭

ߵһҹڻʳ𾪵ĿнȥգشӶ䣬ɢҹĺ䡣
췽һʥʮ̫Ӹħʴ٣֪ٴζǰʵ
Ρʥǧʯ׾ͷĴƷ䣬׳¡
ʯףɫȻˮ˿仯
ʵУ̤ʵһ̣ǰõ֣뵳ȥò
μλħʡ
һ񣬹
ƽ
м䣬һħʿڵ
лħʡ
ֱƽ
֪ǰΪ£
һħʵ
֪
ҡͷ
ǰΪŮĻ££ʺʦѾӦʺ壬Ůɡһħƽ
üͷԾ𣬸Ļˡ
֪ܾãҲûжϻ䣬ٶȹһ񣬹ǣ
֮գʻʦڴ֮ǰͲҪٳʳˣ𣿡һħʿڵ
ǣٴӦ
ʲô飿һħʵ
ûСҡͷ
ȻûУǱȥ׼ɡһħʵ
ˡ
ǰһתŻʵȥ
֪뿪ߣħʿǰԶȥıӰϵ˳ỹΪӿܲͬء
ʮԸЩǶЩ˽⣬ԭԼǿ׶ҡ֮ˡ
ʱŮʮλĻ£ʱǾͿóʮġ
ԣʮӦŻ£벻
Ǵˣ֪Բã㲻˷ڼ뿪ʳǣҲе֡һħƽӦ
ϣ޴ľٶħ
պؾħʹߵħʵĴͻʥ塣
ʥͣ˫ڣڵȵһա
֮Σ岻ӵǿʵΨѡõԱֶΡ
̶ǰСԺУ쿴ǰŮӣͻʥͶ㻹𣿡
ףҡͷǲģֻԻǲԣܿӲͬεʵЩ˽
¶п֮ɫҪôˣȻʥͰ׼̫ӸУ£˼档
š
ͷĿƹԺı̶ֻһΣӽٱκ£


1090 
ʳǣħʴͻѹȥµʱ䣬Ӵ飬һǻ£οǵʮ̫ӡ
˾֮գһºʳǣĿȫеʮ̫Ӹλʮ̫Ѹ̫ľϲ
壬壬ħԣʲôֻǣԺʮ̫о֮Բ
ڽҪ޵ʮ̫ӸλŮŮ˵޲ۣҲ˸еֵԭ
ʮ̫Ӿžޣ㰭ں飬ӦҲѡһλƽŮӲǡ
ʮ̫ӸŵƽʣʫʫΪ̫Ӹ˵Ĵæµ
һ£Ůææ⣬Ϣʱ䶼ûУټ̫ӸٵÿԣСС鶼Ҫʫʫ֣ʮյʱ䣬Ů۵òᡣ
̫ӸУһͣ½ŲΪһħʵĽΪ֮ˣ̫Ӹٳ
̫ӸԺռȥһϢУһѩƣ̤תβŲ
䣬֮֮ľȻգʼͻǵ
һǰ֮ںʧܣ˸Щӣһֱڳٶں֮ϧδܳɹ
֮֮ѶҲ󣬼ӵѪ޾Ҳ֮ܽȫѧɣؼľǣ֮Ҫ֮϶ΪһпѧɵС
ѳԲʮΣϧÿһζʧܸգԴ
ռڣڿն˫°ջۣ޾֮ء
˫֣֮ڶʽư磬ںϵɲǣ񱩵ĳӿ֣ʱմңѳм
֮Ҫٶʧ֮ʱħӿħ˫˺գħ
𣡡
ħʽУѿɲǣ˿ûԥֽ̧°˿ռС
¡𣬿ռ𶯣˲Ϣػָƽ·ûзκ顣
ħɢΣ뱾壬ʼû˵仰
δɢȥеɫˣ϶ˡ
ȿȡ
ʱԺУһҵĿ𣬺΢ȴ
ʱѹ˼ǰȥ
֨ѽһŴ򿪣ŷǿӰƽ廹òҪ
̧ͷǰɱһΪʲô
Ϊʲôֻʱ
ûнͣݣܱ̫֪ǲȫ֮ˡ
֮һգһǼӱ
֣
뱨𣬾;ˣڵ㣬Ǳ᲻ֵȤ
Į˵һ䣬ת߳䡣
һϣڣɫԽ֪ΪξǵХߣλħʮ̫ӡ
£Ż
߳䣬Ժ⣬һλ
롣
¶ɫӦ
ǡ
첽ȥ
ǰеȴʱݣ˼ִݡ
Ż֡
ǰһ񣬵
ʮĪҪʮݲͬͨ񡣡ַ̧ǰˣڵ
ŻֳʵӦõġ
¶Цݣ֪Żǰк𣿡
Ҳûʲô£ֻʮܴڼֹʸǷȱʲôĿɨİ裬ڵ
λħʴ˲ȱʲôˣʵлŻֺ⡣Ӧ
ڵͷŮĻ£ʳԭʼħҪ飬˶ڿһһʮܣöСģĪҪ˿ʵ
Żַġ
ףһħ½ҳʳǣԣЩӣﶼȥ
Ҳá
ӦǰХ屻ҥԽڴºʮйأΪֵģʵܵĴܴӰ죬ԲŻһҥ£ʵеöˣǧҪϡ
һġ
΢ЦлֵѣЩգػҲæɣ
˵Ĳֵ֮Х̱Ҳ֪˭ݺˮõħͷϣ⼸գֻץҥߣѾûҽͷöˡ̾
壬ҥվ᳤ãûбҪϡЦ
ʮ룬ֱˡ
ڸпʮܰ׼֮°ɣﻹкܶҪͲٶиˡ
ʵ;Ż֡
һǰ͡
ͬУŸȥ
̫Ӹǰͣ½ŲĿȥ
ʱջĿ⣬ת븮
º󣬴֮յʳϿգħƾӭ׶֣ǰһɫ졣
̫ӸŴ򿪣߳Ӱڿգ
һ̣ޱڣжȥ


1091 
أأʳϿգħӿħУӭ׶Ųں𺳡
̫ӸǰŲһ̤
Ƭ̺󣬻ޱڣŶȥ
ԭʼħ򣬸Ŀⶼʣ̫ӭףħһûеĴ¡
ڣһϮɫɷУĿƽ̫仯
ǰͷ̤ƶУٶȼ죬󷽣ӭ׶棬ƺƵԻϡ
ԽԽߣӭ׶ԭʼħϿʻٳȥ
ͬʱؾУŵƽʣϲϢŮ飬ϲ£ÿһ϶Цݡ
СԺУһױŮӶԾ죬еӳգ
һԣ쿴Լİãй⻪գҪˡ
㣬ÿ𣿡
ףĳ㣬ȻЦ
ÿգŮӡ
عЦݵ
ˡЦ
ǰõĳЦǽѽƯõȻҲƯ
СԺ⣬СԺǰͣ½ŲĿ⿴ǰеˣи쳣
Ҳһĸ׼֤ԼŮʱɣϲã˸С
ŮĹϵ֮ã֮УѼ
һüΪ˺֮λһ˵
ĸˡ
ܵĿ⣬׿Ժ֮ˣѵ
ѣƹĿ⣬СԺĸף¶һĨЦݡ
ĸף
΢΢һЦԺݣû뵽ֻһתۣǵ˴Ҫˣ󣬲Ҫ˷ĸףʱҲҪ𿴿
ĸײҪȡЦŮ
¶ɬᾭĸ׺ͽġ
ĸףʮ̫ӦҲѾﻹкܶҪ׼ͲҪˡ
һԣЦЦ
ãĸ׾Ͳˣ׼
Ҳ⣬ЦӦһ䣬뿪
ٰͷ
ȥ쿴Ůӣ΢Ц
š
ͷھǰ
ϵľᣬϸΪԼ
Ů˿йŰõĳевᡣ
һΪͷӽԺ޵ħ壬Ϊʮ̫Ǳپ
һƬϲ֮ʱ֮⣬ħӿһӰƾ߳ǿ쳣Ϊء
סгڣҪκ©֮㡣
ΪӣһϮ£߾۵Ϊ춯ء
ǡ
󷽣Ӱķֽ̧ӡħ죬໥Ӧ
ķ󿪣ؾݺڰ⻪ս֡
ʲôˣ
Уʵħɫ΢䣬ô£Ϊλôħĸ֡
ˣôˣ
СԺУۼغڰ֮ˣ
鷳ˡ
ɫ£Ŀ⿴棬ԣЩϢ̫ӭ֮ˡ
⣬ķս̧ӹɱһ
ǡ
󷽣λ߾ڵħǿͬʱǰ
սƣϿħӿȫһǰ
¡һ춯صľУӦƣλߺڵǿ룬ûаͣ
׼ӭС
Уʱ仯
ǡ
һλλ峤ʣ׼ӭӽٵĴС
һ̣ϿգĵӰ֣Ϊţ³һɫǹħպգ˾塣
ս
ˣɫһ䣬ħһպһλǿߣһδܼܶ˶Ϊսѿ뵱ĴᲢۣȻ֤ûʵ
ϣλ峤ϿսӰɫҲ˱仯λߵʵ̫ˣ˲ʶ
·ӰڳǰĿ⿴Ŵľߣսԩ޳Ϊѡս᲻֪ħ֮գʮµӭ׶غܿͻᵽˡ
֮֮£ȷ뱾ûκԩ𣬵ǣҪλʮֻ̫ǰΪᡣ
սǰߣ˵һ䣬ֻӹƽսپҪ˷ʱ䡣
ǡ
λǰ
ɫ£ɱ֣Ԫˡ
ĶǱ
˵䣬սӰǰɫǹգǰߡ
Ȼһֺħǹ˵𶯵˰벽·硣
һռţսθɫǹħ޾ɱС
˫棬죬Զλħǿ߶ϺλϣԵʵѹƣúڳΣ
սʮУѽΣ֣һ۲ԶΣλ峤ϣ΢
պĴԶˡ
Ҫսߡ
ΪסѪӲһУһǰսӰӹһս֣ƵλߵĹ

ڳɫ仯ż
˵öԣǿߣסǡ
ͦλߵػȵ
Ҫ˰æµʱûǵλã󺨳һս
һλ峤ǰ׷ԲԵϣԥѡ
Ҳˣ㲻ˡ
һλһλ峤ѡ£ҫ¡
ڳλĩĺ峤ϣһλλµĳϣӳˮȴǺתȥλŮڵСԺ
崫вܶϾλŮǺϣһҪλŮ
ϣλϵսλħһһƣħԽ벽
߳ϣͰˡ
УУ߳ˮ̲ס£ӰԽԽ죬СԺ
Ϣ֮߳ԺУһǰˣҪȥ
߳ϣʲôˡ
쿴ʴս
ҪʣߣҪڳϵ
߳ˣٳȥ
ĸż
ǵİΣΪҪȰͳٻæ
߳Ӧһ䣬Ӱӹ˳ء
֮Уܲ˵Žȫò¶ɫ
ǻǵһأһֻĸ׺ͼλϲܽ룬Ƕûнʸ
һƣɢǰ󣬽УһӵĿռ֣ɢ
ߡ
߳Ͻռ󣬳˾ͲҪħһ岻ţһúñԼ
߳ϣ
ռУ¶ɫ
Ҫˣ˵Ķԣµʱûȵλãڽգһս
˵䣬߳¶º͵ЦݣŽʧռеλŮο֮ɫƽ㹻ˡ


1092 ɱ
ħѹսͬλߺڵħǿɱս죬𺳡
֮⣬ķסгڡ
ڳ໤߳ս֣λŮصĿռ䴫
Ůߣ߳תս֣ûκεԥ
ʣһһ׹ϣѪȾأޡ
Ȼʤ㣬ȻɣڳûһƴһҲҪΣ
ʱϣֻʣºһ˳ų֣һԡѪĿ쳣
ڵУͬС
һŭȣʱƵ䣬Ԫӿʯ֮УӦ
׺£
ʣһڣ޴İ׺ӰԻβҡһݣ붯
֮˼䣬֮ϣһǰδеķ٣ֲ˺֮
ţ
սиУɫ΢䣬һȣħԪӿӲС
Զλħ̴ƺһΪһֱӱ忪ѪȾա

ۼսս¶ŭɫӰ˲ǰɫǹƿգֱֱš
ħǹ壬٣Ŀ⿴·徻¶һĨᣬƬ̺˫⻪׹
Ȼһ׹أһ裬鳾
ɱڣ
սһ·
ǡ
λħħԪͿɫħɢû塣
һ̣Уһҵ𣬳ɱ¾ħߵ
һӵʱ䣬ټɵһƬţյʢ
սӰ£ʼ׼ɣλʮºܿͻᵽˡ
ǡ
λħӰʧ

ԭʼħħӭ׶ʻڶ̴棬ƺƵ漫Ϊ𺳡
ӭ׶ԽԽУɫҲԽԽء
̫Ծһ·̫ƽˣƽ˸е֡
ݣ֣Ҫ֣ձõĻᡣ
ΪֹһжԵú˳ϵ˳
̫ӵ£Ҫˣ
⣬һλǰѵ
֪ˡ
ڣع񣬵ͷ
ʣӭ׶ʻϿգͷ
У߳ǰҪ룬ŲͻȻס
ԣ
Ϊûгӭ֮ˣ֮ô
еˣ˳֮⡣
ԣûԥ
ߣ̫ˣ
ʱ֮ϣӰƾճ֣Ϊսֳֺɫǹ·һϮɫɷˣɱ
̫Ҫˣˡ
ս
ǰʳֵӰ΢˾ȻпѾˡ
ս֣ķĵӰ֣ӡǽķ
ɲǼ䣬ħգԲǧﾡڰ硣
ǰʵĻþɢȥһ˿ʬҰġ
ƹĿ⣬ҵһĻɫɫ쳣
λϾȻȫˡ
أ
ʶɨŮټ԰Ŀ⿴ʣɱڡ
㣬
ħ֣ɱһӿ޾Ľѹϯʮء
ӽʣµ˽ǣ
ϣս˵һ䣬Ӱɫħǹƿն¡
ӽӭħǹȻһ´Ӧѣ˿ӿɡ
߾ۣ޿ƥУֹ߳һ󾳽Ϊһսʼ㲻ٹƽ
֣ڱѣѪȾɫɷ
Ȼս꣬ȴǸӳңһӿ
ɱɣ
սߣǹͬʱԪǰߡ
˭˭ȼ۰ɣ
˵䣬ɱʢħڶ𣬾ս˼䡣
һӭϣӴ߷ɺӲ
¡һħ𺳣λħһ岻ͬʱľ콾潻ֲ֣ನǧ֮⡣
˫ħսʱԶɱ¾λ߾ħɱӭ׶飬ͬ壬û˿顣
еЩˣȫʮ̫ӣΨⳡ˲Ż᳹ƽϢ㣬֪𣡡
֮УȻп籩ĹУᶨģȴǴֶҡ
ۼǰ߲ΪսҲٶԣһ̤ħȫۣȫɱǰˡ
ȻһƣؿڣܣؿǰűԻںʥӲ
Ƽȴǲ˰벽ħ⻪쳹أǿӲС


1093 ʮ
죬ħսƵħ
սУħӰϳײನ𵴣ء
˫ںϣһ˫Ӿڰ׷裬
ħߵˮ־âһն㸲䳾ת
սУһӲ׹¡
˫ݵأƣħƿն顣
սߣ̧ԪʱУۣɽһƣС
ƽӣŭϯ˷ѳħһʮɣѺӣβ
ನУӰӹǧˣһ϶վ
սһ壬εض𣬱ܿ⡣
ħתƣһն죬⣬˲仮ա
ʽ
սһ̤ɫħǹһǹӭǧ
ٽ棬¡һΨһǹپۡ
һѪأսУѪħȴǸӳҡ
󽣽磬ۡ
һȣӰֱ죬ħתƣϼѸɢС磬ǧ֮⡣
նİ׷Ӱħƣؼ䣬򽣳У˿̣бе
ţ
·ս̧ͷĵһĻ֮ɫ
þ˵Ľѹ˵ʵѲ߾ǿˡ
ѲѰߡ
սһȣɫǹħӿ޴׳֣졣
˫ħּһ˲콣֮ܣ˲ûߡ
¡¡𶯣쳹С磬һ˲֮ͷ­ƿӳ֪
ϣתָ·ʱ֮䣬âٶתƣͷ­
¡𣬽âգײ֮ף˵ĴУɢΣɢ
·սƵİ׷Ӱ΢΢
С֮ǱѰ⽣У۹ͷἫս
⣬Ƶĺɫħ棬ӦǴ˵оսıˣᣬȾ˵ʵѹִ̫ӺҪԳ֡
С֮߾ǿ߶յδ߾ʵǷ
ϧӽ
磬Σ
һȣ羪֣սСɢɲǼ䣬ٹҹУ졣
󽣽硢磬Сײ׵Գ壬նٹ
ͬС֮һޣԿһ磬սħԽƬͬᣬɬС
ɫ£ǰյĺӰһգ⻯ΣڶħԻ
Ȼħսű䣬ʵɲ뱾⣬գ֮ء
ս˵һ䣬ƣһɫĶӰ֣Ϣ˲
ûᣬһ̤Ӱ˲ӳħ谭նǰߡ
˫ħǹ˫ħٽ棬ħչ֮ܣǿѹߡ
ͬʽȻһ׹֮ʱս£ٹХ
˲ͣħն֮⻪ǧ
սߣкɫǹתȻħ
ȥ෵
ħ棬սһȣħǹݺ֮䣬ɨǧ
״ŲŲ߿ռڣܿħǹһһζ档
˵Ľ䣬赭дʵ˽Ը֮ܣ糤ǿ̴գʹµչâ
ħ̣֮ΧٹϻײС𵴣ͬϳ̡
Ծǿˣ񳯶ᣬ춯ء
¡
ߣħӣನ𵴣ɢΣħ˿ƣӳ֣ʥħס֪֮
̥ľԷչױȵΪನ롣
ժ֣긡
֮䣬Ԫۻһƣ쾪Σ
սԪһƣԺ
ħƶԺ¡¡ս˲֣˳
δ𡣡
ۣѪ䣬Եľ࣬Ȼӳֲ֣޴ĺ蹵
棬սǰ׷ˣɫԽԽء
ʣλʮ̫սˣԶԶԤϣȻʼ·磬ǣܳŵڣǲ˼֮¡
ԸһǿҲýˣ
սɫ£ǹգħӿʱ֮䣬ٹХԭʼûħǹ֮С
Σ̣֮Ųһ̤죬Ԫ䣬˼䡣
֮

°ڿգâݺᣬ˫ѧƼڣԽ֮У𺳾񾪡
֣ͬƣں顢˽֮ܣ׹䣬򽣿졣
棬չ־֮ܣǰħǹâʢһǹӰ֣أײС
䣡
Լһ׵ĿֲײУ֮䣬ʱӦݣСԳ֮ʼ
ɢٹನУСͬʱʧػָԭ˲Ϣ󣬿ʼұ١
ˣ
ǰλħɢĻɫһ䣬ȥ
Ȼ֮ɢ죬֮ħ̱ɡ
ͬʱǰλħ¾ӭ׶ʬ౻ֲĻûʧ
飬飡
ನ֮صλħش׹䣬ѪȾ·ء
ȿȡ
ǿϿѪǱ쳣
ŵֻನشˣλħĿ⿴ǰײģɫš
ʵû뵽λʮ̫սгų֮á
̫ӽǵ񣬾Բʧܣ⣬һŻȥ
ǰ˽ɢϣŶˣһѪȾԣһ裬Ҳǰݡ
ǿһУȻ߾۵սҲԾܣǰһĨѪ߳˴ۡ
ԶλħһĻɫ𺳣սȻˡ
սʵǱκ˶֣ҲֺǱһλħˡ
ţҲòţħʮ̫˺ƽƽ
ǰս̧ѹǰƣĿ⿴ǰˣɫĮƣڣ㻹кƾ̣׼һУȡ
䣬սֽħǹ˦Զ¡һħǹƿնɽ֮ϡ
磡
һȣ֮䣬һɴδĿֲٶɢڶС֮춯ض֡
ߣֵڶС֮ѵһľ֪ǰ
ǰ˵һĻɫȴû̫⡣
һսѼʶ̫಻˼Ĵڣǿ಻ǲսʤ
̫һ
価һعԭΨнһ
֮Уħ죬Ѫ˲գɺ輫£ʮ֡
ɲǣؼ䣬һض


1094 ʵ
ս֣һ񣬷ɺӳ֣̫һ
춯֮Уӹر󷽣αڣ;һо
ױȵĹΨһٲ
Զλħɫסеӳ⾪һƿĿ⡣
˽Ψо棬˼ܼһء
֮ǰսŴԽʱնļ½⣬Ҳûо˼κ飬־塢ӡһеһУһ̶ɢս⡣
֮£սħӿ羪Σ˫ȭụ̆ǧɵħȻ˫ȭ䣬
֮֮УʱǿĽ棬ײ̲ã
䣡
һľ籬Уŭ絴ನ˲ֻΡ

ս֮⣬֮λǿֱӱǧ⣬ѪȾһ
˭Ӯˣ
סΣĿŵؿǰս֣нѡ
ΰ𵴣ನУӰȻȾѪս£˿̣Ҳûһá

ͻȻսĿڣһٲõѪ
ʵѪȾ£սģĿ⿴ǰ֮ɫ
ˣˣʤһսһС
ٸǰ˰꣬ʮ꣬һУҪ
ﬣ
ħأѪȼմ֪һԪɢ룬ϣݽߵء
棬սǿѹһشһѵǰĿ⿴ǰˣɳƵ㣬˵Ļ
ĴУħ䣬˾׵սĪ˵ľħʶ
ӣԶԶԽĽޣﵽһ˿ֲľء
´ˣٹ꣬Ҳ޷ٽѹ
գԶɽϣɫħǹûսС
ħǹԪâ£һǹǰŴȥ
ս֮⣬λǿ߿һĻаһ
λʮڻǰˡ
գĲս߾ǿߣܵĿ¾ǡ
ħǹ壬һٴĿѪѪ˳ħǹ£š
Īң
սǰˣƽ˵һ䣬ǹٴ׷
֪Σ̣֮˫ͻȻĿĹ⻪ֱ̧סħǹ
ץסˣ
һƣַŭĵͺУһĿֲԽκʱ̣ױȵĽɫ⻪ڰ˼䡣
ǣʵ
ֲɱսӺݺһŵ
һ̣֮䣬Х죬޴ķӰԻѹŵĺƣ֣˼䡣
䣡
ᣬһɫЯ޾Ļ֮ûߡ
ʵ˲佫սؼĨ
һ̣ԭʼħһλλʵǿ߿壬¶𾪡
Ϣǣʵ
㻹˼𣡡
ħأλħͬʱ˫ۣɫ£֮ǰл꽵ڴˣǴС鷳û뵽з֡
ᷢ˼Ĵս
ħʿڣ
֣Ӷ˻ģһ˰ɡ
һħʿڣ
š
˻ħʵͷӰħȥ
ͬʱһĨƿնٶȼ죬һȥ
ħλħʶ֮ʱԶڸ½ϣλʵǿȫӳ˯ѣ壬
֮ַ䣬ǣһȫһսǿȫ˶ˡ
ǰѪȼմǿд߶ڵĻʵתս֡
ʵشһսҲܣؿŽɫΪ
٣һʵ£սѸٻʵɣܲʹ࣬Ϊͬһʱ̵
ս⣬λħɫ䣬˿̳ͣԶȥ
ǣ߲ˣ
ǧ⣬ǿĲգϣϢء

ĲҺУλħѸٱɣ澻ҵħһ
飡
ʵɢķ󣬷ɼĵӰŻ죬׹¡
ˣֺݺһ߬ʱĵ޵ѪֱըѪ꣬졣
ŵеȫսһڣһĻ;ƿݵѳųֱֱ֣ȥ
ѪʣȾ´أȻս꣬ѪϴˢгޣԸǧԹ꣬԰Ϣ


1095 ҲУ
һƽٺ׻ȥԲĿꡣ
⣬ʬҰѪȾÿһأ쳣
紵ȾѪĳɳ졣
һ̣ϣħӿһϰӰƾ߳·ҵľɫһ

вӿӣ˾Ŷԡ
ʶɨĸ֪ԼѼ֮һֱ̤ӳ·ȥ

ħԱߣһȾѪӰ֮΢Ϊս۷ǿУȼհѪԽɺʮĹش֮ǿд߶ԶĻʵ֪֮ȻԴ֣һ̣Ҳ֧š
ȣ
һʵԪۻƥıԴԴԴϹǰڡ
Ƭ֣֮ڻеҪȥ
ģ
ʱϣһɺϢ˻ħ߳·ӰڵΪֽӴأǰзϢ֣ӿܿЩʲô
ĵĵӣҪʣҲʣ
Į˵һ䣬䣬ûٶԣһǰȥ
˻ħüͷ壬ȥˣ
Ķӵıʵ̫ˡ
ͬʱ̫Ӹ澲ǰɫ
ƺˡ
ֳ
Ŀ⿴ŵӰôˣ
ˡ

üҪ壬кβ𣿡
ָĲ壬սǡ
Ϊǳ޷ܵı仯ڸղţƺܵһɻʵѹʮֿ£ȸʻҪǿ󡣡
ôܣ
ɫ΢䣬ŵлʵǿߣȻһҲħԱ
ͷȷʵϢҲĻߣϢҴδİ
ԣüͷٴ𣬵ǷǻֲˣʵǿܹôλĻߴڡ
Ըˡ
ջĿ⣬еڣѶսⲽ壬ܳʮĵòʧˡ
ӿǰֳĵɫҲʼһ˿֮УֳԸоųɰ֮ϵ飬˵
ѵսĳ
ڴ̫ӺӲ֮ʱ֮УʱŤĴشԵ
Ѫȼմڻʵ±Ѵ룬صƣ˺Ȼ
ķ֮ѪѪѪħڣ
ħѪ壬һ̣˵һĻ֪ڣһǿųǿнħѪȥ
ţ
ļ״ˡ
ںħصΪβħѪ
ϣŽħѪǿһ̻Ϊ಻֪ÿһ羭Զ޸ش塣
ǣ
ɫһ֮
ĪǴҲһùҩĶ
ô˵ųĲħѪù֮
ܹ֮棬ùһΣͲʹõڶΣụײü
˼䣬֮ϣڣĴ̼¸գԶ
ѵľۿɼٶȽ޸شĹ壬֮лָٶ֮죬𺳡
Ŀ֮ɫԽԽڣӾùʲô˾˵޸
ؼʱ̣Ͽգ٣˻ħĿ⿴·ûжԣ־гӰ
иУɫһһǰһƣӭȥ
¡һʵ֣ȻʳϿջǾ
˺£
ʳУһĿ⿴Ͽգɫ䡣
ǣ˻ħʣ
ģӣΪֲ㶯֡
˻ħʿڣƽ
ܣ
ɫ£ֱӻؾ
ӿ֪֮飬ֻҪʳ֪飬ֺ˻ħʳ
˵ĵĵӣҪʣҲҪʡ

ģ¹طһ壬벻ҪΪѣ
䣬ϿգħӿޱǿӰ߳һѹ롣
Ϊһ֮£һλħͬʱǿƱϾ
ͬĻ᲻˵顣
УĿϿλħʣգ˭ܽʵĵӴߣҲУ


1096 
طƱ䣬λħǿѹҪƾ˽֪
Ĺأһ콾֮ˣ˲Ŀ
ƽ֣սһΪ֪֮أλħͬⲻãҪΨһҴߡ
Ȼˣǻ־͵ˡ
һħʵ˵һ䣬̧ʳϿգħӿʵ˼䡣
ԣס˻λħɫг尵壬ħһľ콾˿⡣
գĶλ̣
һսħڶǿƥħأ١
λħսʳУµԶգһڳⲻħǡ
طɡ
˻ħʿڣǧС翪ʼ޾ֻأ˲û֮
ԭʼС磬ػӿ̹ϣһһѺݺύҽʣɼ
·δݻϵԭʼ磬һƬţûκΨӿĻ棬
ĿΧأɫֱ仯գһħƵĳǹ֣ħԪͷۣȻպħ˿ѷɫκ
ħһ̧֣ڿգɫħʲĹ⻪ձСÿһ䡣
ħ⻪£İȻħ浲ħ˺ɽ
Ը˻ħһȣԭʼСУػۣΪһ޴Ļǰߡ
ȫͬսͶ㣬طΪãλħչսΪ𺳡
սУ׻أһ̧̣ǿץһֱ˦˳ȥͬһʱ䣬ħǹƿգʱħ±ħǹᴩ̱
٣׻Я֮ܣûߡ
¡һ춯صĴ𣬻׹ꡣ
Уħ˿ݺύԷ׻Ĺ
սɺʥһһ˫
սУΨһûгֵһħ΢΢̧̼䣬С֮⣬ʳϿգӿħʧ˲ԭʼ硣
׵Ϊǣ֮벻ԼС磬˿ɼǿʱСøӿ¡
¡һ֮ϣһ˼䣬·ľ콾
̧ףһȭܣֱһȭʡ
֮ܣգʱӦ٣СϿգ˲ݣڰ
һħһľ콾·磬ǿս俪һ谭
ס˻λħʿǰɫԽأϾŵǿǶݹħһʷҲҳ츳󼰾֮ˡ
ڵľģӵħűǿžսĿսͲԣΪħһһҲΪ
֣λӦöɡ
Ŀɨˣƽ

ס˻λħӦһһ御Ϳǿƥħֱħϯ˷
ħؼ䣬ħͬʱԻСұԳܻʵ
˻Ļͬʱ٣֮գ޴ĻĩգϮǰ콾
ͬһʱ䣬ĩ֮Уһħ߶ħԪǧأԭʼ俪ĩѹǰ
֣ͨ죬սУһȣŲṳ̆һشɡ
⣡
ٻԶ޾ʱľİ׷ӰϣһɳԶС硣
ģϱٵСУűع飬ΪһǹûǰС
ħϢʱ仯ǹϣȻɡ
һǹƿգǰɣؿռ䣬Եʱղ棬ʧ
֮ײϾֲŭˣ˲ݻС硣

ƺ𣬰˻ħ׵壬ܵɣһһѺ֡
һߣನħʱѪҷӿܴᡣ
УġһħʣΪǿλʵǿ߳´սನβ˰벽
ͻȻһѪǰӿྡྷͬʱܴ
һлһУģʤ㡣
һħʻֹסؿѪĿ⿴ǰƽ
ûжԣħԽңɺݻӳħ
ħһλħʴս֮ʱУ׷Ӱ⻪ԽԽҫۣԴȫΪ֪ش֮
ۿɼٶȣ˿ѸϣʧѪҲڲǿԴѸٻָʤǰ
һɱ䣬پۣ쳾ǰһرݳֹѣ˵еĵľһƺֿɼ
ʶռ䣬׷Ӱǰһȹϵľ޴ʯ䣬·˵еɽţضΰֱ˸еС


1097 쳾һ
֪ɱ䣬һ⻪ƣԴ
һλԲ֮ˣҲΪһˡ
ʶռ䣬ų֣쳾ǰ谭ƿţ֤ú쳾ɡ
˵Ϲ֮ǰĴɽ绹֮ʱľɾϼõɵĻᡣ
ֻǣϹ֮Ĵɽ٣Ȼľ޷ɡ
ˣ֮ľǿ߲к쳾֮ƣ쳾Ϊɣǳޣͬʱһַ̡
֮߾߾ڵľȻ޵Уֻܺ쳾Ϊɡ
ɽ磬ԣ˼ɡ
ǰ׷Ӱãһ
ϤĳǰʬѲδĶɽ缸һģһΨһͬǣŸ
ɵõԹÿһλ֮˵룬ΪˣңʵΪ⿴ȴޱεһա
ǰţúһǰ
ǰһ̣糱ˮ䣬Ѹӿ
һ꣬ĹڳӴˣ缺
һ꣬Ů£绪ǹ£һƶ·ģǧҵȫݻ١
һ꣬³£ͬ죬ŽΨһ
һ꣬ҹ٣ļ֣ƽս
һ꣬ڤ·ĩգ±ޣĺ֤ա
һ꣬츮ʮһ£ֶ֮塣
һ꣬ħɽϣϻ꣬ʧģһħ
һ꣬ʦīžӣ¡
һꡭ
һꡭ
һĻĻһһڼлطţһλλ֮ˣĺѩеȵȣϳڼУ糱ˮȥеУҪӼбȫĨȥӴˣΪͣȻһ
ɵõˣǳɵĴۣǳĸ
ǰһõӰ֣ǿƥȻʵǰԵС
ɽ֮˵УϹʱѹһʱ޵дڣһ֮塣
ݣΨа׷Լɼɣ֮ϢԿ
ԸɣӴ˷ȥһС
϶ֲɣؼص͸ռ䣬ֱĵ
ذûκλش֮£Ĳȴʼղ¡
һɣϼ˵룬УĳɻԵ֪
Ը
һԸİ벽˻Ӵ˺쳾ɣǧٰѡ
֮󣬶ɽ֮һ̾οǽѣֻźƬ̺󣬲лӡʧʧ֮䡣
¡¡𶯣ҡʶռ俪ʼұϵϣһʯ£𽥷ֱ
һ꣬·ϣ֪תأӴˣعƽ
ˣܷеִ㽫ӽ֮ˡ
գ֮ԣ·ǰգľ֪޻ڣ
İ׷Ӱ˫ۣһƸԭȴҲܲ˿
Ըƽɵ֮ϣյѡ˼䣬ȥһС
ͣսɣʦҸǻȥ
ƽȴش⡣
ٵСУԣɫ΢䣬Ӱ
ˡ
¶֮ɫʵô
䣬кݺһôףΪأ
û¡
΢΢һЦʦλħֻʻ֮£Ϊҵġ
ʱǰħۣϵӰ߳ħʣͬʱ
¶ɫУڹ御ʧӲ뿪Ϊʦߡ
ʦģλħʹͻһҼȻαضزء΢Ц
ģĵ˵ĲֻҪȥЩ£꣬ὫȻͻء˻ħʿڵ
ʦ𣬵ȥȥͻء
㲻鷳Ըٻرܣǰ˹һתȥ
ǰһħʿˣɫǰȣӺ˲Сı仯
ʧȥΪǣִݺƽȴǸʤǰ
λħʣ߰ɡ˵
һħʵͷǰˣתȥ
£ħһ޾ģ಻λħʣ
󷽣Ŀڣ˲
һ졣
һħʽŲԶ٣Ӧһ䣬ת˲ħʧ
Ŀ⿴ǰɱħ¯·ʱᱬ
ϢħأħһĽУħӿ߳
ʮ֮£˵𣿡
һħʿǰˣɫĮ
屻壬λħʣԭ𣿡
Ŀ⿴ˣƽ


1098 뷲
ħأ׷Ӱǰڳ֮Уʷ֮¡
ʣûлش𣬷λħ屻һ¡
һ壬ڣͿ̿һڣ쳣
Ϊ壬Ȳ֪һħʿڣ
֮սλħǻ壬λħΪ˭ǣƽ
ս
ħԣ΢΢𣬿һԵӰڵ˻ģ˵𣿡
֮УȷʵսλħϢЩѾȫսǺָɣ޴Ӳ𡣡˻Ӧ
ħʵͷĿ⿴ǰˣȻûлڣ޶֤ҷ£ʮɡ
ûᣬĿ⿴ǰˣ䣬ԭʼħܹһλ߾۷ˣλȴλħʺʦ𣬾ʣλ̫ӣҪ˭µѡ
С£ĪǻҪȳ׷𣡡
ħɫ£һ壬˱ˣֻҪ㽫齻еŮŮѡ
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ţ
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λŮŮ£ʦ֪λħǲţʦ֤
ˣɫƽλħʣУλŮ߻ŮһλŮᲢۡ
һŮ
һħ΢΢Ƭ̺󣬿ڵѳɶ֣Ȼ˱ָʹҲ޶֤ԶʮսǼλħҲΪֻ˹Ҹ£պ̸ȴҪʷ֮£˵ɣΨһ֮ˣӦ֪ԭί
ɫ£ħ壬Ѫ塣
ԸٶϿ࣬ƽˣƽΪλ֮УҲʱͻȻսͼλħսҲֻƾű令ǿסλħӦÿóڵΪѾʧ˵ѡ
һħüͷ壬̧ħӿûǰڡ
Ϣһħ֣ͷˣȥɡ
лħʡ
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Уһֱȴ뿪
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ľţ֮һ̾п˼˵ʵš
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һΪµһ˵Ļᣬ𣿡Ŀǰӣɫӵ
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΢ЦҵһѾʧȥ̫࣬ʣµΨЩ䣬ǶʧȥˣȻɣкá
ɣ㻯ɽ֮ɵˣҪӦĴۣڵ㣬ΪѾѹͻ쳾ɾΪԶָܻ
ɫΪʦ޷ٰ㣬ҪָΪֻܿԼ
ʦõģС£Ӻܿܽ
ЦЦΪϵܹޣ񲻹ֻʱѹʲô¡
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ƽ屻壬ȴУ룬ӦǱ˳ȥ뿪ʳǣȥѰǵ䡣
ԭʼħ֮󣬷ԲֹΪʧҪȥǣ
мȻʧΪȴҲȥأֻҪңܹҵ壬ԴΪԸң䲻ҲӲɫ
Ŀǰˣ֮ٴһ̾ȻѾΪʦҲ㣬ȥɡ
лʦ𡣡
һûٶתȥ
ʳ⣬𣬳ɳһĨӰӳ߳¡׷Զȥ
ɣһţХ졣


1099 
ԭʼħ½֮أĿ½ͬʮͬݡ
Ĵ½ϣ洦ɼһԲϱȭ򣬷·δһء
ֻǣ½ʵǿȴ½ԭʼħľ԰ħһڣ½巽ǿһ
ԭϣƴɱս֮УһСŮĨᣬˡ

ͻȻսУСŮĸױһȥͷ­Ѫӿ۵˫ۡ
СŮסˣƬ̺󣬱ʹش
սּңСŮ׵һܿ챻ɱֻʣһĿĸˣһѪȾ
նݳ
ռƵһλδǰն£ҪСŮ͸ȫ
ɱҪ֣Ȼһشûлֵ
СŮ޵ĸ˫ŵԶ
ҰϵһĻ½Ӱǿʳԭʼֲпᡣ
£ѪȾɳһ̣ԶһĨ°׷Ӱɫƽͣƽִݡ
ӰֵɲǣλδնµĽͻȻһͣ־Ĳ
ģϢӰĿԽԽת˲ǵһмϿ
λδ󺺼״¶𺳣˭ûô¡
ǰңԶľ룬ٻӰǰ
ûпڣûж֣ӰԶȥ
λδ󺺺λͬо֮ɫ
Ƭ̵ĳɣСŮԶ˿һ˲֮һƬСŮǰȥ
׷
λδ󺺳ȣٳǰ׷ȥ

׷
׷ûᣬһǰȥ
ĪҪ𣡡
󷽣ҿҪ׷ϣ¶ɫ
ҲѾȹˣ
ͣŸˣƽ
˾ȵףȣ
ԣת׷һˣڵ𣿡
λδ󺺺λͬͣ²ɵؿǰˣһλӿڣУһʮһֱɱǵˣЩ꣬ǺòŤתƣ˵űš
ԩԩ౨ʱˡƽȰ
ҪǲٸǱĻᡣǰڵĺ
õشתǰˣƽǲͬ⡣
ɫ£ٶԣСŮȫǰȥ
׷
󷽣λδ󺺴ͬǰ׷ȥʱʧϦ¡
Ƭ̵Ĳûе̫ʱ䣬·
µĹѰ½ûзټԣֻѰ
壬ҪΣգʮа˾Żᾡ뿪ħƿص½֪˻ᵽֻһһȥҡ
Ϧ£ɫ£ǰ˰ٶһǰͣ½ŲŶ롣
谵¹£ϡܿȫòưܵӲݴһ۾ܿѾķ϶ꡣ
ǰƵУɨһƬɾĵط𣬶Ϣ
֪ǷΪ屻ѹյ·ȷʵоЩˡ
ž죬óһĬĬ
ӲԽȴܹЩУ뷲Ѿʧĸоٴγ֡
鷳ȴ˻
飡
ʱűײǰڻҰĸ˵ײײ룬һ̺ݺᣬˡ
˻бŵСŮһ·۵Ļ˯ȥ
ĴУĽĸˣüͷ壬ôˣ
Ƶ⣬ε£֮ǿʱһѳų֣Թȥ
һ̾ߵ⣬˺СŮһУ߻ǰи
֪˶ãСŮĿãȻؿһΧ佥ָһ˫ٴκ
ĿһСŮóһڵ𣿸㡣
СŮЩӵҡҡͷ˵仰
иãиӣôʱһҵǺܼǿ޹֮󣬱ǰߣκ˵ͷԣΪ١ƽ
СŮ˫ϥҲ֪ûͦ
ֽСŮǰûٶ˵һ仰
Ҳ֪ѾͷôˣþòʵЩģǸǻ϶װ

죬ǣһ߷ϣӻҡ£εѾͷ겻ͤͤ
Ůӻ£
ʱǰҡǿӰ֣˵Ϣգġ
֮ףһλնɫ¼߹ʣס
ӻ£˫գʶɨˣüͷ΢塣
ڤ죡


1100 ӻ
ǰӿڤЯһɱǿѹ
ӻ£ʶ֪Уɫ΢΢¡
𣿡
ڤλ쳾ǿû뵽Ϲŵһ벽쳾СѾͷС
ɱ
赭дһ֣¶ɱڤ֣λ쳾ǿӳǿ顣
ӻ£̧ϣۣΪһϵǰ
¡һĵۻأȻط۶ɵȴǼ᲻ƣߣݲɷ֮
£
һȣΧӿȣ֮ϣмɢһƣ𵴿
Сʱ÷Ѫϴ壬ʾޣֵﴫУĺѩԽ̵Źʣžޡ
κϯأǰλ쳾ǿ׵У뱻ɳȥ
ƺһѪ¶𾪡
֮⡣
ռƣ˿û֣ͣʽ˻֮ϣɢ䣬ҫ˼䡣
⾻ħɢλǿڣȼ
ᣡ
£Է¶ûбƬסĵطȼ֮⣬һֱȫӶȥ
ս⣬һֱûгֵĵڤ쿴һĻɫ΢ߡ
¶󣬵ڤ첻ӣգУһתϢԻͨӴˡ
ʱʮأף˼䡣
һնأһޱȵĽ⻮գնϵŮӡ
иУ̤ת뿪֮ܿ⡣
һ˵Ĵ𣬽ն壬һ޴Ѻ۴ӷ嶥һֱӵף֮š
գ˼䡣
˲䣬üͷ壬Ųһ̤ӳ塣
һ˲Ӱؼ䣬أߡ
ڤӽնһУҡ
췣ɡ
׺֮У̧֣֮ϣһǴ׹˼䡣
ʦ㻹Զ
ڤһնһƾ졣
֮ǳʣǺȻ飬һʯ䣬١
ʯ£ڤӰת˲֮䣬Ůǰ
Ԫƿңһƺǰռʱѻ˲١
Σһ˲ǰطۣΪϣǰ
¡ɢطؿڡ
һƺߣѪɽ壬һ𵴣Իۡ
ϣڤֽһǰӿǰ壬ʦأ𣿡
ǿչ·ϣŮʦ˶˲СĿݡ衰衱ʼġ
֪ʦ㻹𣿡
Цһ䣬ǿѹڵƣԪֽ
ȣ
һȣ˫Ȼʱӿرɫ
֮С
ʽԻ˼䣬֮ϣ콣޾׼Ƭ̺󣬽׹䣬׿
֮Ȼ벽̤߾ĵڤҲ˿⣬Ԫᣬ̣밵תϣâǧ۶Ŀ
ۼ䣬ײʤ֮У㾡һѧʽںϽϼ⣬նħħ
۵ڤ죬ƾһǿΪ;һʮᣬĸ˵Ľ

˫нʤ֣֮һ̶ƺУ޾ನɢϣɳˣֲת۴ݻٴɽ塣
ɽϣģһѪŻȾ´ء
ȻΪ࣬޿ݣȻ죬ֲ޴ĺ蹵
ϣڤ£ǰشߣ˿Ρ
סӣ˫Ѫ£۵ķ֮ϼˡ
һ仰ʦڲڴˣҪĶնߡ
䣬ڤӰԪһƣȻǰؿڡ
밵ӿ壬Ѫɽٶȷ˳ȥ
ɢ䣬Ⱦ죬һöϵĽɳ¡
ڤգɫ
ڵˣ
ɣڤ첻ĿɨһӻشŮӣʮյȥʦɣúϧʱ⣬ڡ
䣬ڤλǿ߻Ϊһ⼲Զȥ
ٵϣ˾þòϢӻ£ҿ˼ѪϴӿȾȹ
ҡҷӻɫӻϵ䣬ŮϣŮһĺ׺ǵİףޡ


1101 ĺѩ
򣬽سǣּУһϮҴ멵Ӱרĵ޼ŻݣգƽȻ
ʱ¥⣬һĨɫȹٻӰգ˿쳾Ϣط˲¡
ּڣ¥иУ֮ͣ£Ŀ⿴棬ڵ𽣬йˣȥӭӡ
ǡ
һ¥¥⡣
¥ǰŮ𽿴ˣɫŮӡ
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ջ˵һ䣬תǰ·
¥ּǰͣ½Ųڵ¥Ѵ
ɡ
ڣ¥
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л
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ĺŴ
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š
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ڽڣҲ졣
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ߡ
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ĺ
Ƭ̺¥ع񣬸Ҫ˵ɫͻȻһ䣬¿Զ¶𾪡

ĺѩǰ֮˾ɫ¥˺£
壡
¥ջĿ⣬ˡ
λ֪֪Ѿͷ£񵽺ֵز
£УɫһţٶȣԷӦ
ʧӰٳ֣֮⣬ǿϣĺѩӰԻûκͣٸԶǡ
¾¥ּ䣬¥ȥ
𽣬뿪գ¡
ǡ
ͬʱԭʼħ֮УǰؿŸͻȻĿһһϢдʹԴϢ
¡
⣬Ż죬֪ʱܲ𣬲ʱ£˼䡣
Ŀ⿴ԶоɫǲõԤУΪΣ˭
壬ḧһս֮Ŀ
ӻ£ѪеĽŮӣŮģһѪȾ£޶Ŀ
Ůϣһӻ䣬ѩأ죬Ⱦޡ
ӻҪ価֮ʱǰһĨٻӰ߳ٶ֮죬Խ֪·Խʱգƾն֡

ĺѩһǰӻһѪȾŮӺݺһ


1102 
壬ӻ£ŮԣһѪ޴Ŀ
վɫƿն֣һӻ£ѪȾµŮһ

ĺѩǰԵѾͷԪۣԴԴϹڡ
ɲǼ䣬ԪӿסҪŮ
ԪУĺѩɫԽԽأһƽӣҲ֮ɫ
ܸоóһڲɢ룬Ҳֻܳųʮա
󷽣Ҵ멵Ӱ߳ǰ龰¶ɫ
Ƿˡ
λ֪һػЩϧˣֻǣסģվס
ѾͷŲ˼ˡ
֮ܵˣĺѩ׿ǰߣڵ¥ԿǺΪ𣿡
壬ڤ졣
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ĺѩͷûж˵ӻµŮҪȥ
׼ȥ
¥
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л
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޼򽻽磬¹ŵأһʥأǧǧ˹ڼ̳£̳ϣһλӰʯǰΪһ
»ʥ֮Խǿ󣬷˸߽࣬Ⱦ쳾
ʱ¹ŵǰǿ֮ϣٻӰǾ޵գ˼ַϢ
ǰӡʥأԽ룬ĺѩû˿ԥһӣӰַ棬һתνֳ֣̼䣬Ϊ޾Ľƿն
һ̣ҵ𣬽ײһؽɢ룬¡
¹ŵУһλλиУ¶ɫ
þţǵˡ
̳ϣһĿ⿴ϿգӰ
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ĺѩڣ΢ε
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̳ϣŮʯǰ֮ĬĬȥ
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̳ǰһλλ
񡣡
ͷ­
ˣ䣬ûʸĹݣҲһ񿪿ڣ
񣬻һ΢
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ϣ̾Ȼ˼䣬Ҳ޷ıع򡣡
ԣٶһѹֵıˣӿͷԸԼǧԪ갲
̳ϿգĬƬ̺󣬿ڵڵԪסоʩǹΪ֮ҪȻľеңУŮ岻ȫӰ죬ȻסҲѽĺ֢
Ҫş̌ͷĿ⿴ϵɵ
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˵̧֣꣬ʱ⻪ûŮڡ
ᾡܻסڵԪֻˡ
л
ӦһԪȼգʥ֮Ϊ֮ܣ̳û
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ϣģ֮ԽãϢ󣬳ʧ
̳ǰǧǧǰһĻб֡
˾
ǧǰһλ׷¶ʹ
Ϊᱯˣ˲һ죬ٶȹǼǰС
䣬̨֮ϣɢµӰʧҲܲ˿Ϣ
ǰ˯ŮԪĨɢڽֹͣ
Զۼ֤һĻĺѩûжԣֱתȥ
˳ĺǣݣ
ޱǰڤӰ֣ɹԶݵȥ
ԶһĨɫ⼲۶ٶԽԽ죬ǳ⻪ת˲ʧ١
ĳ֮ŮЯһɱȥâĻĳ֮Ů־â
ѹ콾һλ쾳磬̫飬˼䡣
ޱУڤǰУݵѲʮ
һ̣һĨİɫƿնʱգǿ·
ڤиУŲͣ£Ŀ⿴ǰǺˣ
ĺѩ
䣬ٻӰɱ£ɫϣ˵Ѿͷʦ


1103 ĳ֮Ů
ޱǿ֮䣬ĳ֮ŮЯһŭǿɱ
ڷ棬ҪػطĻĳ֮Ů񳯾̫飬Ԫر
գ
棬̹ǣĺѩգ庮֮УһڱԻĳӰַ档
ܵеŭ𣬳Ӱ񽣲ν棬ΪΣԿ塣
һ̤Хǿգĺѩսɱޱս𣬷˼䡣
ͻɱڤ첻Ҵ⣬˫΢̧Ԫڣ밵Ϊϵǰ
Ӱ̫ϽԪӴߣââ޾ȻײԪϡ
ҵײ𣬽溳Ԫֵһ˲ĺѩָ棬Ӱݽ
ȻһӰƿϣڤĿڣڣ׻סҪѽֺ
뱨Ѱ
һﳰڤԪƣۣǿӲС
ƼĺѩӰʮ˫ǰؿڵ⣬ɫ
ɱһӣһŮˣīŵھӣ
ڤֻӹ밵УһϹӦգҫݡ
ףеʣǿ𶯡
㣬ûʸ֣
ĺѩֲ̧ѪӰٶǰ
˲䣬ƿգµĽƿԪһڵڤĿڡ
ڣͬĽ׵½棬Էˡ
η
ڤߣն£䣬ǿպȻֿâ춯ء
׼ĺѩûٷǰ֮һ̤Ӱ˲ʧؼ٣䡣
죬ʶѱ棬ٻٻӰһһâͬʱնڤĿڡ
¡¡𶯣쳹ǿգٶȼӳ֣ʤڤ°ٽ׵âȴѵ˰벽졣
ٶȲϧˣ
ڤֲ̧ѪĿ⿴ϮĽ⣬һȣ찵ڣ벽ߵΪ
̽âڤԪɢԲﾡڰ
Ԫ⣬ǿУĺѩӰӣٶƣʱơ
Ӱʧ֣ڤһ˲̤֮ǰһն顣
˫ӣĿǻɢٻӰɳȻԶĴǡ
𶯣ɳ죬ɺԵԭʼϣٻӰ׹£ҳĴӡ
ϿգڤӰ£·ɳڱεӣɫ˿⡣
һ̣쳾ɳУҫ۵İɫ֣һ̣Ӱ𣬱󣬾޴Ľ𶯣ٿڰٴ߼١
δӦٻӰӹٶȣѳУռ価顣
¡һ溳ףྡྷڤһƺߣӰɳ
һռţĺѩӰٶӳӰ̫ϽԪӴߣϳ岻֮
ȣ
Ԫ壬屶ĺѩһΪ쳾֮У
̫߾ֻ֮
Ԫĺѩֻ֮׺Хһǰؿڡ
ͬλãһεػ¡𣬵ڤɽྡྷ͸壬شߡ
ӰϣһѺݺӣβ
쳾ɳٶĺѩûԥֱӳС
Ƭ̺󣬴֮£һؼ٣Էλ콾ϣݡ
ԭʼĩ٣˵ļսнֱŴǿʼ٣ʯ׷ɣԶ
ڤĿǰ׵֮жȥ󲿷ֹȻػɱ۷ս
ۻĳ֮ŮݰһԪģ̬֮Ծó֡
˵Ľˣ
ڤߣѹƣնΪ
˫棬֮ԽˣӰѵĽϣһ˿˿ϸ΢ѺԻ

ĺѩ״ɫ΢Ԫֲָٴߡ
̫߾ָ
һָأ޾Ԫۣһ֮䣬ָס
䣡
һһεػڤĿڣۼͬѺۣԷѳⲻϵĺ
ۼܴڤɫ΢䣬ǿĿھʹԪۣǿлС
찵ɽĺѩӰˣ֮ܿ⣬һ̤ٶ۷ء
ӰӳâҫĿһĨ׹⻮ǿգڤǰۼѺۡ
棡
һܴڤ¶ŭɫƾԷǿץסƿնĽ档
һ̣桢ۼ׵Ħ˴̶˲
£
һŭȣڤԪסӰȻһգѵѳų֣ΪƬķѿ

ĺѩشӰɳɡ
ݵĴսս˽ܴᣬѪȾȴǾ˵ɱ
Ӱѣսּת£ڤӰӹƾԷ֮ٶȱ
жĺѩŲ̤תӰŲâ֮С
ʧ˽㻹мΪ
ڤһ䣬沢УǰŮ·˿档
̫飬֤֮
֤ңĺѩһԪӴߣţĹ壬ᴩǿգҡ¡
ӹİӰҲһ˿ۼһ춯صĽУϣɫľԻ𶯣طȸƿնʱ꣬˼䡣
طȸ֣ĺѩӰڤǰ֮ϣԪƣһ壬Ŀк졣

壬Ԫ󱬷˲һ
ڤƺ𣬽һˣĿѪӿȾ¡
٣ΣڤȴǱǿҵһӦǰؿڡ
ˡ
սڤ˳ٳʮݵȥ
ֻҪع壬㰲ȫˣлڣҲܺܿ츴ԭ
ţڤʶʣеһ˿־塣
󷽣شĺѩסΣһѪŻѹƣ׷ȥ
֮⣬ɫƿնٶȵǰ
ľ룬һλ벽߶ԣ㲻ʲôȻһȴͬĺǣԴ

·ڤ¶Զǿգþ˻
ŭǿգԶݵأԨУ·иУ˫Ȼ
˲Ϣ߳ԨԶ

ǿϣڤ쿴Զѹƣ¶ϲɫȼϣ
İ˭޷ı䣡
ƣɿԸܵǿȻȻҲ޷˲䵽
һģĺѩڤǰԪȼޣȫһƣӡǰĿڡ
¡쳹ǿգ޾Ԫ壬˲ȥһӲǣӿѪ˫
ɳӰȻԶǣڤڣ֮𽥽ʧĿǰѪӶȾŵĴǡ
һƣһսͷһվһգ鳾
˫պϣһۣǿյİŮӣӲ顣


1104 
ԭʼħһУӰǰĿ⿴Ĵ꣬˫Խ䡣
Ϣʧˡ
һ޷֪췢ʲôǣʣˡ
һģһپ٣һţ˵䣬ˡ
ǰǲԤУǷԭ
ԶСŮ˫ŸһһڿţΪ˻ȻʣҲ˷ѷֺ
飡
ʱűһŶ忪λδƴСŮ󣬺ȵ
棬λͬ룬ʪϣǱ
ɱˣ
һλδ󺺿ڣ
ǡ
ǰ׼նݳ
СŮ״¶־壬ܵԵ󣬶
λδҲĴСŮǰˣüͷԾһ塣
Ȼһֱûг֣ǣֱǴ˲ǡ
λֵи㡣
һλδ󺺿ڣ
˼лع񣬿Ƶˣƽп˿仯
Ƶ˲ԶԵĸˣϣһ˫˺

СŮСǰϲ
档
һѽСŮĿ⾯ؿǰˣһ绤ĸޣ׺쳣
Σǰκ·ĿһڲԶİ׷ϣ¶֮ɫڵСһ
ؿǰһĻ̾˫ƽǿʳһ̫̫ࡣ
ȣҲֹĸŮˣգЩ˵ĸŮ˾ͻữΪħ񱨸
ǣղȣλ˺СŮʽΪ꣬ûκ·
벻ȣֻһ֮䣬򵥣ȴԾ
и㣡
ǰڵıδٶȿڣ
ĿƹǰˣƽӵҲ𣿡
նݲ紵һڣδ嶼Ǵ
˵δ󺺻΢٣Ŀ⿴ԶĸˣɫֻǵĿ֮ûпһ¾Ĳ̣ʱǿɲ顣
ǰߵĻ˫ֽ߬ûзϣòԽ䱸׼ʱΧ
գ˰κȻͻȻŤһ̣Ѫ٣ɢ졣
ٵκϯһΪɢ֮䣬Ǿݣ޻ָ֮ա

˿Уһƺ˫ϥȻ£亹ʡ
Ƶڣ˿⾪˵һĻɫ𺳡
ŷʲôΪΰûиܵ
ΪʧѷϣҲܶǲвĹ𣿡
ˣƽ
λδ󺺴лعĿɵؿǰ׷ˣ빧һ
ߣ۲ʶ̩ɽǰð¡
ֻΪػԼˣûκδ
˵һ䣬Ŀ⿴Զĸ˺СŮǸڼûκΪҲ£ǿ֮δ
λδ󺺻һۣٶһ񣬹лߣҵȸˡ
䣬תλͬȥ
ƵУѪ䣬Ⱦ´أΪϵʹ࣬ʴǣܡ
뿪󣬸̱ڵأ־иʱٶȻԹȥ

СŮɫһ䣬
ϣֵ̧˵ֹסʵѪĿ⿴ǰСŮƽܴᣬҲҽΣŲ˼ա
ԣ¶Ĵ֪꣬Ǻá
ⳡ껹輸ղŻͣŲʱˡ
ʵ
ҧûԥֱ˳ȥ
УʧССӰ·ʱᱻⷲɡ
ɳΪβ־ǣ
ʱϣռŤС«֣
˱þȣ˼򵥵飬ΪλҪ֮֡ƽ
һҲ򵥡
С«ֹһ䣬ǸСŮȥ൱СһССĺӣô޷ĵ

ܸеĽȣգ˭ǡ
С«ٶ˵֣ʧ
һ۲ԶԵĸˣûᣬǰ£ȴ
ӡΪû˿ѹβơ
̤̤
ʱ⣬һӰӹȣ̤ˮϣȳһˮ
𣿡
ڣиУĿ⿴⣬
Ѿǲǵڼ׷ɱˡ
Ȼ뿪ԭʼħ˲ϰݡ
߳ָˮۣһˮƿն֮⡣

ƺˮ͸壬һ޵ѪȻΪʧ뼫ĽߣϿۡ
󽣽硣
һˮɢϼУ°׷ӰնƽĿ⿴ǰһӰڵ׷ôãϢһ°ɡ
䣬УˮûˣϢ԰ټƵħ̿ͣʧ
ת۽սػָĴ꣬ˢȥѪȥɱ¾
תڵĵУĵȴ
׷ɱҳ֡
ħӿħ߳
ҡͷУסϢΪţ֣ݱᱩ¶ʱҲᱻѹʥħˣŶвҪԶԶҡ
ħĿ£ԭʼħ˻ԽԽǿΪʧһ֮սǸǿߣҪӦԣ
õġ
ƽȻħһҲǲ۷ĸ֣⼸ε׷ɱͲô׶ԸˣΪʧ֮£ӦѴʳǣǺ£٣ǿߵǰ˲׼ʱ䡣
ħĿ⿴Զĸˣ£ûбҪٹܡ
֮͡
ƽ˭֪յ򣬲յĹ
ʱҲʼ֮˵ħЦ
֪
ҡͷˣֻǸԼΪһ˵ùȥɰɣҸ££Ԥʾ첻ƽҲҪӿˡ
㲻λŮ𣿡ħ
ң
ƽ뿪ĻᣬǻҪ
£ħ
ɼǵõ𣿡Ŀ⿴Զ
ħԣɫ΢𣬵Ҫʲô
ʵԭʼħڵľ뵱ݺħһ󣬿޵УʵȺлơ
ˣһΣҪôѸʾ𣿡


1105 ƽ
ԭʼħ½һУɱ֮󣬴ˢһкۼΨеߺĴأĬĬ¼ǰ顣
ڣȴյһɲӽվ
ξˣûбҪٵȴȥ
׼뿪֮ʱ⣬һλʪСŮбҩ
·ŢСŮһžһˤڵأҩˮУմۡ
СŮæҲ˲ϵ˿ڣСĽҩȫ·ɾڻȻǰȥ
УǰܵСŮϢҪͣ
Ǹӻˡ
֨ѽһľűƿСŮҩ룬ǰδ뿪ӰС¶ϲɫ
ԼСŮб˼֡
ûҵ򣿡ڵ
̫ˣ򲻸Ӧ
Щҩģٶʵ
öġ
ͷС΢ûӣͰǰµѹˡ
ͷûٶ˵ʲô
ܰҾȶ𣿡
潫ҩĵݳ۾о֮ɫ
СŮеڴͰ΢΢ףӹҩģȽɡ
˵꣬תŵлȼյȥ
ظں棬˵仰
Ȱ·ɡ
˵һ䣬Ŀڴɨǰ㰸һ¯˹ȥ
¯Щƾɣڻߵ⣬¯лҽϴ˼Σװˮ˻
ǰﲻϴȻǰ궳òᡣ
¯ϣѡ˼ҩķУĵȴ
濴¯ʣȴֲҿڣֹСӣۡ
ûãУǺ˵ҩζЩ̱ǣζʮֲš
ٵһӣõҩСŮǰڵ΢Щιȣȹ֮Ӧúܿͻ
˵꣬վûٶŵȥ
棬¶ɫʵҪ𣿡
Ų΢٣׿СŮƽһҪˣǱ뿪ɣԵպټ
䣬ȥδͣ
Ĵ꣬ûµӰʱʧ
濴ʧеӰĴ۾⣬ǰߵıӰμС
ɳҪҵġ
УС«֣Ų˵
һʤ߼ΪôûС֣ᵯһС«Դ΢Ц
ۡ
С«ֱסСԴղûΣգɳҪҵѪ̫˷ˡ
ЦΪż·ܾܲ˾ȵһ°ɡ
С«죬ЩҲܣɳҪҡ
ǣ
һЦлѰһЩĵر
ɳҪ˵㻰
С«ԣС¶ĵЦݣʹ˵ͷ֮С
εҡҡͷС«ɾˣǲ֪һδܲܳɳΪǰ
֪֮ʱ壬޴ļ̳ϣλѽ̸֮ãõĿռڣλӰͬδӦ֮
ʣۻʡʯʡɽʥƽʨ֮λһɫҲأԭʼħ鲻ϴ˲С𾪡
ҲˣħһΪʯʿڣ
ħʮ̫׼Ůףû뵽ûܱס塣ɽʥ
ħһλħʵҰȻңΨλħ̬ȲȷֹһλħʲͻȿԴλħͻơƽʨ֮ɫ
ѡ
ҡͷħʱϾħ֮ˣλħִⷢսħҲѸı˵⣬취ɹĿ̫Сˡ
ʿİ취ƽʨ֮
һˣǸõѡ
ʿڣɫλɻǵþħλԺ壿
λԣɫͬʱλħʮ̫Ӻ塣
ԭʼħУ΢ħһ壬ʮֳӣһħһƿԭʼħʽпѹѪ¹սλʮ̫й֮Ե飬ӦòδӶԡ
˵һתֻҪ˵λʮ̫վһߣԾħʶλӵӣ㲻Ҳ⣬
ǰߵķλ߻һۣ˵ͷλʮ̫ħħʵ̬ȣµпܡ
˵λʮ̫뿪ԭʼħڲ֪٣ʿɷܲںηۻʿڵ
Ŀ⿴ǰĻƽʨ֮ѵʨʣûв´գλʮ̫ӾͻŰݷˡ
Ŷ
ƽʨ֮¶ɫ
֮ʱ죬ޱϯһǿϢЯ޾ŭѸٸ
Ŀϣڤʬϣ⻪ڣĻ꣬˫Ȼ
ӳӰϢʤǰƼ䣬κˣǿա
ĺѩɫ£̤ܿƾΣľ棬ǰ߼Ļ꣬ѹ彫ƿ̲ݻ
̫߾ģ
Σѽ⣬ĺѩûӣһȣĹ壬̣һǰδȻ֮ϻֲۣƣѸ߽ǿա
ǰڤʬϣͬڣĻ꣬ϧһдǰ߲
һ̣̫飬尵Ȼײ˵ನϯǳΪмʧ

һѪȾ£ĺѩ˳벽סΡ
ǰĻĵڤʬѪϷɽ´ѣȫȥ
󷽣һ쵸ϮܴĻĳ֮Ů
ĺѩף˫Ѫ̫Ͻӭжϡ
Ȼһ·ɳ£Ⱦ졣
ǿУƣܵȫʧɱ졣
㣬Ϊɣ
һŭȣԪ죬ֲڱǿգﾡ
ĺѩΧ仯ľɫû̫־塣
̫߾£
̫Ͻƪһ£׶ȿĽ֮Уĺѩһ˫ⲻڣеĽƪгδ׳һȻֻ֮
ڽƪ֮佫֮ʱԶһɫƿնĽϢ˲Ϣڰ
ͬһʱ䣬ңԶ磬ػӿϢʧ֮ڣѹȸϵķɢȥ죬쳹ء
ػУһĨӰ߳Ϥݣ羵ˮ£ѱα
쳾쾪׽٣ȸĮؿһʣգһڳ񽣳֣һն˲


1106 ʥ
ޱ߱žһսҴսĺѩȻӦԡ
Σ٣ԥĺѩǿ߹壬׿̫Ͻƪ֮䣬Ԫǿա
̧֣ȻͬĻܱ֮ѹǰ
սΣǧһ⼫ΪΣ֮ʱԶһɫƿն׿ԽԽĽϢ紿˿ʡ
Ƶȣδ֮㱻ϡ
¡һ⺳岻֮ҵУ˰벽жȥྡྷ
ǰɢȥһĨϤٻӰ֣磬ɾ˫ˮӳ˼һа
ϤİŮӣһĺѩŵǰӰ̲³˵ݡ
λ
Сģǵۼ׺ѶԸս档ĺѩڣɫص
š
ѣͷĿ⿴ǰҫ۹⣬ˮɫ
һΪģȫǣ
ŭڣ̧Ԫӿϯǿա
߳УදŲŲܿһһذ֮⻪ţһ㣬ѰҳԪλãն谭ǰ
Ȼһ桢ۼײƬۼ׷϶䣬֮룬ۺĽȷû˿֮֮
̶Ħ𣬳֣֮ƽֹɫһԪǰĿڡ
ƾŲ֮䣬ܿƾһ̤ٶ۷ָ棬֮֡
ۼ׵½棬ȴ½ྡྷ𵴣˰벽ŭüңȻ
Ԫ̱֮ɳȥΣ֮䣬ս̤
һ̤ӰƳ֮⣬Ŀ⿴ǰߣĺ㣬׼ˣ򲻹
ĺѩףʱѹ£Ԫᣬ׼ˡ
ߣ룡
˵˼ߣ˫𣬶ʱХԲϯ˵ĺ·
֪ڴˣĺѩĽԪطȸҫ۵Ĺ⻪һնǺӵ
¡һ̫ϽԪҵУĺѩӰ֮£һԵİΪԶȥ
ǿռ䣬̧ɢǰӿĽԪĿ⿴ǰԶȥˣɱӿŭ֡
պ󣬲֪ηİϣӰɲǣٻӰһģһѪŻȾ¡
Ԫݽߣܴشѳֵĺѩʶһأֱֱȥ
ĺ㡣
ɫһַסǰߡ
ԭʼħ½ӰǰУٶȲ죬뷲ǰеĲƺҲ
Ĵ½ɱ¾洦ɼȹӹ¸汾ģûǿԼ
ԹƬ½ƽһ̣أˡ
ǰߵ̫죬̫ෲķ羰񣬴ͷĸ
롢ϣɱ¾ꡢϲá񣬾Խ࣬ϵļԽأµĺۼ˵־ΪתƣϢ䣬֪ü䣬ϡ
İ׷ѩȻݽϰǰû̫仯ȻȴҲˡ
Ĳڴ̤һһɼĽӡµĳأѹ֪ȥ
ĸף쿴׷ˡ
ׯǰָͯԶȵ
ͯĸָͯķȥȴʲôҲûпаͷˣСӿǧ˵ѡ
ղġͯίؾ죬С
⣬Ӱ֣һģٶʧ
羰󣬿ˣ
ߣԽ䣬µıλŮûκϢ·ƾʧһ㣬׼ȴҲмʧ
壬ħһΪħһ嶨ȻޱޣҲһ
֪ѰǣܿҲ
֪ǷҵˣǣֻҪԭʼħ㲻
ʥ򣬻ƽʨͳεһɱ¾࣬һ·ʥĸȥ
ʥ羰ϢʮŨ񣬽𷢵׳ţ۵ŮߣУһͷףʮۡ
۵Ůӿò֪𣬼λŮСĿʼû뿪
ŮӵĿⱻӵļʣһλ׳˶Ľӵǰơ
ûᣬǰȥ
ӣӴŭһȭǰ֮ˡ
飡
ȭͷʱ˼䣬һŨܵӰֵ̧֣ǰߵȭͷ
֣òԨˣ΢Ц
ӣ
ֵϣ˿ˣ𾪵
ͷƽò
°ɡ
ԨؿһǰӣȻһɳȥ
ʮ⣬ڵϣǱκͣæ뿪
֣ӭǰʥ򡣡
鷳ԨĿƻأǰˣ
л
ӦҪ߶żˡ


1107 ֮
죬ǿ֮䣬δ֪񾳣һλݵŮϣȱ岢ûдŮ̫ෳա
ǿȸĲںŮݣÿȸûʱȥ˼Щ֮¡
񾳸߷ϣȸĿ⿴ǰǿգ˼˥ӳУһ꣬ʮء
ȸ󣬰µǰһᣬ˿仯
Сףǰǿյľ콾ڤ֮һսʧֱ˼䡣
ڿʲô
С˳ŮĿȥʵ
쳾
ȸӦ
쳾ɣӺ޷͸ֺαѰաСƽ
޷̬ᷲ޷Ѻ쳾᲻뿪ֻۿȸ
ŮȻ쳾ȸ츳ʵؾЩŮվѰ˲ͬ
СջĿ⣬ǰŮżۣ˵
ŮǷˣ쳾
ȸɫƽʲߣȫֹĳһʱ̣һܴ飬ˣ顣
㻹ݣ˵㡣
Сһ̾
С׵ڤ֮ҲΪʤʧ˵ķشڤ֮˼ƽ𾴵Ϊȸ
ǣ
СЦŮôһ˵ᵹǾԼЩΰˣûôֻ࣬Ҫħɵıãһʱʤʲô
˵СĿ⿴Զǿʵǣλڤˣѡ֮ӡ
ѡ֮ӡ
ȸҡͷƽǶ֮ӣֺ˼ֶѣڤ춼ˡ
ǱȻ֮£޹ء
СɫȻûдӵĳ֣ڤɻήƷǴʹȻ˭޷ı䡣
Ҳû˵Щ¹֪Ӧ˶ϧˣǶˣĲң˼Ĳҡ
ȸԶʦһֱעŴˣҪΪµ֮Ҳ
ΪΣ
С¶ȡЦ֮ɫΪʦҪ޸λ֪
ȸûǰߵȡЦƽΪʣΪҵȻǾյľأȴҲǲɺԵĹؼǶˣڳ̤֮ʱǺεȵļѣ˵ѵĺ쳾ɾҲŬ;˵־ǣмܹɣ쳾ɾ˵̫ˣ˵ҵӦ֪ʲôҹ٣ڤδĽѣԶϣ졢̤ɡ쳾ɡֻҪشһգĽ٣Զɲꡣ
С׳ĬúοЦǳɴ߸еĥѰɣȻʦҲҪӳΪµ֮
ʦľҲᱣԼ
ȸɫһգʵ֤ҴˣǿȸѭԼȫȫ⸨µ֮
ѽôĽ
С̾ʵѾùˣȻЩ֮ӱλ֪ҲԵԶЩ꣬飬ѳԽһĽޣվв꣬ǲҪĸࡣ

ȸƽδ֮ҪԽˣĶ֣һǰʣж٣ʶѳǲʵȸ֮䣬ܹƽս˼֮ҵĴڣʲô塣
ȸҪԼλ̫ˣǶᣬǿԼ
˵䣬һλֳֹȵֺ߳󷽣ɣݣµĺۼ֮˼ĻʣŻĲӣһһ
ʦ𣡡
ʦ
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ǡ
СӦ
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Ҳûж˵ʲôÿһĿȸŮӦ˶֮ŮȸĽΪκ˶ı䣬ҲС
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ܷÿȸͿǷԡ¡
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֪ԣԨ㣬ʥɽ·ȥ
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1108 
ʥ֪Ԩʥ
ټĹյһƬκˡ
ǰУǰܱãµľǰ
ʥ󷽣һʯҫ𺳡
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ʡ
ǰٲͣ£Ԩһ񣬹ʹ
䣬ǰʢһϢ쳣ǿӰԻã̫ס
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ˡ
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˵
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ħѻ壬ֻҪʦ֮⣬Ҫһһ壬ɽҲǻƽʨ壬룬ֻҪ˿һƽ֮ƣǻԭӦ
ƽʨʥĬ֮󣬿ڵֻҪ˿ϳƽңʥԲ˺ػԭʼħĺƽƽʨ岻жΡ
ǰߵ̬ȴˣƽʨ岻ԸһˣǣлͷƽʨԸ
Ҳд̬ȣħƴûԸͷֻǣľƣ֣ᱻħһһֱħԭʼħ
ʥ֮⣬ˣ룬ʥҪľܿͻ֣ʱϣʥǵýյĳŵ¸ƽħڵҡ
ʵһյĵƽʨʥ
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ʱʥϷʯǰƽʨʥڣɳޣԴӵʵ
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ʥɽϣУһƽһ̣ڣһλŽɫ⻪ӳ֣˫պϣգһϢԼ䣬Ѵ˻ʵıݡ
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ǿߡ
Уеɳƽڵ


1109 ͱ
ʥʥɽ֮ϣ֣֮˼ӽʵǿ߷֪̽ǳ
һĽɫ׹£֪иУݺᣬӲС
˵УɢɫҲ֮⣬ʧ
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ʥɽ壬̫£ʥ֮һĻɫ
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ӵɲ⡣
֮⣬׿гĽɫӰһ񣬵л顣
½ͷĻ޸ܴĹ壬лԵ¿һԡУȻɳ޿ڣƽ
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ǰߵĻһ̾ʥɵõ˴𰸣
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΢΢𣬵Ϊͷ񣿡
ΪǴ£Ȼѡ񳼷ˣ޻˵

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һԣİ˵Ľ̸û˵廰ʦλʮµĻȻûеƣǣħҪµҰȻңһħѣӵ֮ܵ壬ʽΪħҪԸĿꡣ
ǫֱǰûɫʣľƣûк·һܻ죬ˣԨѶ
ʥǰʳĬȻ֪ǰ֮Ϊ棬һʱԾϡ
ʳĬٽһĪǹǰҪ崫һϾ𣡡


1110 ֮壬֮
ʥأ֪ߣͱ˵Ļ˿棬һʱ͡
УٴεҪÿһȨѪУȻȻߣҲס
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ʳҪ֤ħʲ֣Ȼ֣Ҳκθı䡣
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ߣѩǣԽϣ¶ԽͣأƬն·𶳽ᣬǰС
Ŀ⿴ϿգӰδͣһȣϢһɲǼ䣬ذ׽ֱ죬Ȼնա
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ǰ߶޷ΡԶԶȥһƬѩ⣬δ仯
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Ϣ֮󣬶ĸ߷ɽӰȻʧȥΪƾǿ֮಻衣
ѰҰգһʣϦ䣬ԭʼħտʼ
üͷ΢壬֪Ե˷ѱʱ䣬ɽȥ
ʱԶһɫƿնƣƾˡ
׹֮Уɫ΢һ̤Ӱֹס
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е֪սһն£µĽЯ޾֮ܣض֡
һΪļ䣬·ʮӰã˲䱻ɡ


1111 
ԭʼħͷһ㸲
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ϣһӰܣ˲䱻û
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1112 
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ɽ⣬κУɫȴûκη壬ʯ񲢲Ҷ
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ɽУʯŭɫ֣ȴû
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֪̤ԭʼħһ̣ʳУ׹ȫյܱһʱ䣬žʳٶӿ𰵳
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ضǣĿ⿴Զɱӿ
ڣֵǸСˣ


1113 ӿ
ԭʼħ֪ĿУһһʳǷȥ
պʳǰµӰ֣һ˪׷Ŀ
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촫ϢȻѾ֣ǵڤȴΪ˸⣬ǣеأԶԶƿĸµķӡ
Ҫƿĸķӡͱ취ΪǣĴɽѾãʧɾؼĲ䣬¾ٵȰ꣬Ҳ޷á
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Ůݲ򵥡
ɫصͨԽԽͨԭʼħĻ߲ϧķԪͣŮȻżΪҪ
Ȼǡ
˵꣬ȸתΣֱɽȥ
Գ֣
߿ڵ
ҲʱΪЩˡ
ȸӦһ䣬ɽȥ
ȸ뿪ϣµǰߣʦôȸԼɽ
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ǿգޱǰɫ⻪۶ŮЯ֮Ѱ֮
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ʱǿ֮ϣУȸǿɱŮ


1114 ޡȸ
ԭʼħʳǣ¸գ£轣ؽ
ûз۵ɣûоκˣʧΪ󣬻ع鱾Ľأ˿
Զʫʫ翴ǰ轣Ӱʧ

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ô֪
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ˣ۶¶ɫһҫ⣬߶

ĮĻ̶쳣ȸ̧֣ƿն֮ܣ޿ƥС
ճУǺ֮ƥݿ֮࣬һƬƬռӦ顣
۶񣬷ƵУһҫƾԷӲ⡣

һУŮħƿԪֱ廤֮ףһƺྡྷ𵴣۶˳졣
һУŮܴˣȻŵ˵ףѵܡ
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һĳҫ֮󣬿ȸΪǿƻС
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ۣ
ۼ׾飬۶ηɳȻײһſǡ
ͬĽ֣ʱһأλȺѪȾޱٲ


1115 в
ҹɫ棬ߡħ߼г֮񾪾塣
ۡħܲˣкȻײ
֮٣ɢͬʱħɢ

ƺѪɽನƵ֪ȫɳȥ
ܾ˵ľ棬ǲʤ˭ûռñˡ
ȾѪ񽣣̶ħӿʱħԻս֡
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˵ܣռԳܣһѺ۳֣ڼ
УиУ΢ΧϢħ塣
ʮܣʲô鷳𣿡
䣬ħɫǹأǹƣƾˡ

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ͬһʱ䣬̫ӸֱĿ⿴̫Ӹ˿Ρ
ӵ˫ۣɱ磬ӽڣ죬ٵԭʼħˣٶȽ棬һΣݡ

ޱ򣬾֮սĿɪԶһſϣѪȾأ쳣
ۼ׾飬ϣŮҿԴʧԻ졣
ĸо
۶Զԭʼħ˫ź֮ɫϧԶزȥˡ
ǿϣȸһţ򷨲֡
Ůݲɷ֮
ɻʲôԣ
ȸ̧֣ҫɱϣ˿顣
㣬Ȳ˼䡣
Ļڣ۶ʢԪУȻը
쳾Աƾ춯أѸٱ٣ա
ȸü⻤壬ŮԱ֮
֮ನɢȸɢʶɨΧǿգδ쳣תȥ
պԶٶ
ٵĿϿգǿһȾѪľʯоɫڡ
۶
ӾҲһĻʧȥ۰ŮȻΪߣһʱҲԽܡ

ʱǿϣۣһĨõӰ֣·ʱʧ
۶
¶ɫ˭ɱ㣿
Ůȸ
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ǹ壬֮֮ӳʶԽʹ޻ģ߻
񾳡壡
˫ȭ߬ɱ졣
۶ĳѪΪ֮ϴˢ


1116 ҹ
ʳǣӿ֪ع󣬾ƱøӸӣ˫գԽҡ
̫ɽ㶦ľʧ⣬̫ӡ̫֮ìֱӰ̨棬ûʳǸòվӡ
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ʮ̫ӣ㣡
ǰ׷ˣԪ𾪣Ƭ̺˼ɱ
ûжԣڵն䣬顣
Ԫ״һգһħ֣˫棬ʯ쾪
뵶ǿԣ潻֡
Ϊ࣬ٶ̤沽Ų쵶磬
ԭ㻹ĵ裬ʮ̫ӣ֮кͼı
УԪŭڣʵ
Ȫ֮£Ϊ𡣡
̤ܿħ˲ǰȭߺġ

һƺߣԪǰתӵǧ
Ԫˣ
δ䣬Ӱٶǰͬʯ쾪һȭĿڡ
ѪɽԪĿ⿴ǰ־ŭ
ô£ΪѾ𣬽ô֮죿
Ԫɫ£ħٴλӹӰٶȱܿ档
飡
ȭȭ͸壬ԪŻ죬˺
𾪵һ̣ԭ򣬷ǰ̫죬ˣ
ţĵʱٶԱʱٵĴңԲ
𣿿ϧ̫ˡ
˵䣬Ӱٶǰǰȭơ
ѪˮʣԪҿ˼ݰܵѪԽԾó֡
սбĥԪסĿڣֻԽظܵϢ
Ϊʲô
֪ƲԪħᣬʱ䣬
ǰ֮ƣûᣬӹȭ쵶У顣
ԪӵӭУƱ

ȭˣδֹӰٶӹ󣬺ڵգһ塣
䣡
֮ϣƿգɱĺҹ
͸ĶĿǣѪʣԪĿںڵй⻪
Ϊʲô
ʵѯʣԪѻף
Ϊˣħ
ĺڵһٴĿѪӵɢȥħѪǰߣٸһ£ֻħҵĿʼżȪ·ϿԵһȣкܶȥ㣬ǵĻʣ
㣡
Ԫŭ޻ģ˿ڴѪӿ
һֱֱ̣£˫ŭĿ
¡
֮ϣ£ɢȥȥ
ԪˮˢأĿĲк죬쳣
ʮ̫Ӹˮʪ£ˢһɱҵ
£
ǰУһֱĵȺʫʫ翴Ӱɫһùֽɡӭȥ
ֽɡȥ꣬ȴڲȥǴ̱ǵѪȣɡŮ¶º͵ЦݣǲҪ𣿡
ʫʫŵǰϵѪнһ³ȥʲôˣ
Ƚܱɡ
û˻ش˵һ䣬ǰȥ
ڣʫʫ첽ߵùµǰ߻ʪ͸¡
ˣҲȥ·ɣղųȥǵ·Ҳʪ˲١Ц
ʫʫ绥һۣһȥ
䣡
⣬ҹ׹£Զ˫Ц⣬ñ֮
⻼ʼ


1117 ҽ
ʳǣһҹ֮ʱҲֹͣ
Ԫصʬףλĸ˺ŮãƬ̺󣬱۵ľŵû
һ̣ĺ쳹Ԫ˱˲
ûãʳУһӶӽ첽Ϊߣһؼףϲǽͳī
ƿĿѪ죬īӺݺһǰ֮
һҹԪ¼ɱֻʣһЩŮʵš
ͳ죬ǵˣӦֻһˡ
λ鿴ʬ׺󣬻
ţ
īԣɫ΢ֻһˣôܣ
濴
ī˵һ䣬źȥ
ս֮һƬǽ壬սߣ˫ŭĿ
īԪϵƣüͷ𣬻ǵˣֹȻֻһˡ
ǣʳУ֪Ԫָ֪Щвû¡
ңԪȻȥѪݰܣȴɻ߼ս˲һŶԡ
Ԫв֣ܻӦûܹ
˼ãԭīĽڵԪκ˵Ȳý롣
ǣ
󷽣һӶӽ첽뿪
ͬһʱ䣬̫ӡ̫Ӹܱ룬桢忴֮ɫȫһ䡣
Ԫ𸮣ô
ֳ˺£
̫ӸУӲʵ
Ԫˡ
潫ܱ˹ȥȥ飬ǺΪ
ӽӹܱһۣɫٱ䣬ûжϻӦһ䣬ֱӳŵȥ
̫Ӹڣ彫ܱ˳ȥڵô
ӹܱݣڻǺΪõĸ֣ʳв٣֪Ԫһҹɱ֮ˣȴָ
ش̽̽ڷ磬Ԫ£ʹľǵλ֡¶Ц
š
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ҹԪ±ɱԪҲδѣѷԪκνʱʳǵǽӰػʳҲѾˡ
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üǲǴһɵĪΪ
ԣɫ΢䣬ʮܣĪҪ˵Ǵ˵
¶΢ЦףֻҺ;Ż֣ҲŸô˵ǰһע⡣
ڵͷʵղŵĻҲǾ˵Ĳ²⣬Ԫֵȷʵ󣬲޾ԣҲ˹޻֣˵֮¡
Ƕ֮ˣն񡣡΢Ц
̾ʵΣ֪˾֪ʮһʱһҪСĽԪ֮£Ȼһ𶯣ʱһˮ
ŻҲǡ
ɫǧСġ
š
ףԪ£һҪȥͲˣиǡ
֣롣Ӧ
ʮ
˵һ䣬ȥ
ǰȥıӰ΢Цȥתص
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ҪҲ²⡣
Цųһ䣬Щˣȥһ¡
ǡ
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⣬ʫ翴߳ʫ꣬С㣬Ԫ£ǲǵģ
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ʫ¶һʲô鶼ûз֪𣬵Ҳûг
ѵ⣬ʫ类һ̵ͷٶ˵ʲô
ڣŵһĻ΢΢һЦû⡣
ʳǣ䣬ȫѲ䡣
ŵգʳǣϵȨµգȫĻ̡̻
Ϧ£ɫҲʼ½ڡ
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ʫʫ״ɫȫһ»Ҫ
¡
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ͣŵǰ¶ǵŮ΢ЦЩС£õģܿͻ
˵꣬ûٶԣ
ʳУӰһٶȿ쵽£ģ˲Ϣ䣬⡣
յɱ
Ѫɽǰòδ壬ӱصȥ
Ϣڣһ⻮ҹɫظ
䣡
ûãУȻӰ߳ϵȥ

ڣĺ쳹ҹա
ʳУ̸
ʳһߣīӵҲѸٸ˹ȥ
ڣѪԪͬһĻǰġ
ٵ£ᴩŵĵˣȥһ
īǰɫԽأ˾˭ĿΪΣ
ԪȻ߾вǶǿߣȴҲ֮Ǳ֪ɱȵĻᶼûС
Ī۷ǿ߳𣿵ǣ۷ǿ߼ԭʼħҲûмҶʳУǣ˿ûвŶԡ
˼ˣīһ̾ʳǣ½ˡ
̫Ӹڣǰİ׮رɫʱˡ
Ҳˣ
ͬһʱ䣬̫Ӹ̵Ϣɫһ䡣
Ǵ̫һˣ鷳ˡ
ǰȷΣѾԿ϶ڹ޻
ʮ̫ӸǰŻʳǽķƣԽ䡣
뿴λӻãסЩӵҲٱ侲
ûϣһ䵽ԼͷϣûжЩȨеĺܿͻɢˡ
Ҫ֣ضҪ䵽һһλ̫ӵ᳹װȻ


1118 Ϊ
ҹ»ʳǣߣΧ
Ԫ󣬱౻𸮣£δڡ
ŻڴӸи״ɫԽء
鷳ˣ
Ԫ̳£̫Ӳ޶ԣΣʳǿ»һδϴơ
ŵ£ǷҪλħʡ
īǰŻӣʵ
š
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̫Ӽݵ
ʱ⣬һ𣬲ʱУħ̫
¡
֡
īڿˣ
ͷߵǰĿ⿴еľɫ¡
𸮣ƣˡ
̫Ӽݵ
һ̣֮⣬ٶһµ̫ӳУʲ
̫ӡ̫ͬͻȻ쳣صգڳÿ˶
֡
忴ǰ֮ˣ
ףƽҲˡ
š
ͷ˵£ҷĲ£
ԪһõĸΪĿǰҲǺΪ
Ӧɫƽˮûʲôŭɫ
ǰǰ˿ڣɫ΢һȷǸΪ߾̶ֳ֮ˣʵࡣ
ƻĳ̶ֿ˴УݴƶϣֵʵҪԶԶĸ֣ԭʼħҲûмֻҪ飬ܻջ񡣡浭
Լǡ
˵ͷ΢ЦԭʼħԱǲ֪ĸִڣңʹħУҲһЩǿ߲ƣҪ飬¡
Ʒƽ˾ĶԻâ֣ڳԽţλ̫ӵ˺
Ȼ˵ĵվûгΪʵԿ˿ںЦſһ۴Ӻˣŵܺīͳ컹ְҾͲڴ˴ţ֣ʵһˡ
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ƽ
ףȥ
̫ȥŻӡīһţλ̫Ĳ棬
Ǻúò鰸ʲôǣ𣿡
ףˣ
ǡ
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һưܵıת뿪ɫ䣬˲
ڿŴ̫ȥıӰɫղŴֵĻָ϶Ѳ˸ϵˡ
ʮ̫Ӹҹɫ£Ӱ轣棬֯һ庮⣬޶ִ̹ǡ
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ʳǷƱ䣬еȫΨʮ̫Ӹƽ˿Ӱ졣
£ʽֹһ亮ֹ⣬նգֿҹ
ﬣ
ʽ֮ʣĿ⿴Զƽâ
ңһ̲ŸոտʼûʳǵˮԽԽ룬ֱ˶С
ħΨңлȡʤ
½ǧ̳룬ңԶħ򣬲ϵһĨɫ
ħڽ仯λʮ¹Ȼû˵ѡ
ʱԽԽˡ
ͬһʱ䣬ʥɽʯ壬ǿӰעԭʼħȫ
ʳǣҹȥأīӱֱ߳ӳħȥ
Ԫ뱱̱𸮣Ȼܹλħʡ
ħأħƣī֮ǰڵݼλħʡ
ī
һ̣ؼ䣬һϵʵǰ
ħʣԪͱ̱𸮣õĸ֣ʱδ΢ΪбҪ֪λħʣǰī
Ŷ
һϵ𣬵ػ
лλħʡ
īվ
ɱԪͱõ֣ʳӦûˣЩӣǿ𣿡Уħʵʵ
ûС
īҡͷ΢ְػʳǣǿߵ΢Ȼ
ûв
˻ħʻӦлͬϢûв֡

īüԭʼħУӵлָӦûӡ
֮Ҳ޿ܡ
ħʻصȥɽѰǻʳϷ弯ۣأҪϼѲ顣
ǣ΢ˡ
īһתȥ
ī뿪УħȥһϢ
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ħʵĻָʳϷȷ弯۲٣ǣͬǣ̫ӵĸۡڻʳǵϷ
ʳǣīûе飬̵ɴ˻ʳϷ
̫Ӹӵرɫ̳¡
īɴλħʵ˼
ʱأʵ鷳
̫Ӹ⣬һһӽǰȴûпԶԶѲߡ
ʱīĿ⿴Զ̫ӸƽӽҹѰһ̵
ǣ
󷽣һλλӦнǲӿôڼ̫Ӹ
̫ӸڣĽɫص֣λħѾʼˡ
ǱȻ֮¡
ͷµԪͱǴһˣλħʣʳе˶Ϊ£ѾѲɡ
ǣǻΪ
Ϊβȥһأλħʽһ¡
ûбҪ
ƽֱҳ򣬴һͷϣٶĽҲֻǰ׷
ѲҪ˶϶Ԫͱɱ˵λǷҪǴӹݺ
֣˾ֿа취ƽ⣿𿪿ڵ
忴棬˼ãڵҪһˡ
˭
ʮܡ
建˾ܲܽⲻҪҪǣν
£ʮôζûгɹƶԻֲʱѡֻ֧𣿡ǵ
벻ᣬͿǵĳˡ
ƽǰգʮҽҪһˣҵʱûȷ̬񣬱Ҫ¾ˡ

ʮ̫ӸڣڵаƷ裬һǴա
һԣʫʫ绥һۣĿΣǼѿԲµѾҵ̶ֳȣ¾Ȼڴ˺Ȳ衣
£
ʱ⣬첽¸ˣǰȥ͡
֪ˣȥɡв豭
ǣ
תȥ
ҳȥһˣǰ
һԱߵŮ΢ЦȥЩ裬˵͵ġ


1119 ˷
ʳϣ̫ӸԶδ̫ȴһ̲ͣؼ̫Ӹ
̫Ӹڣ¡¶ӶԲߡ
ʮʱѾˣ񣬽ѾΧûλħʵ⣬īͳ첻дΪû뵽λħҲΪԪͱһΣǰٿѱ硣Ц
Ǵ¾ǲǻΪǰ֮ˣɫʵ
ǡ
ɫҡҡͷһ޴Լ˱ľ棬ҪȥˣҲʹİ취ѡּ˵ֶΡ
ͷĬƬ̣ڵڵľƣȷʵԻЩȻʧλɽǣȴǱƵ˷˼ϣв̽䡣
ס
ɫصԣҪʮİ
ң
üӦ֪ҲѱλʳǺҲòʱСģϾһλڵĸ֣ڵӦԡ
Ҫˣһһ취ɫ
Ŷ
΢΢𣬵а취ˣ˵Ըң
ǡ
ҡͷ֪ʮǷһΪ
Źû̫˽⡣
ǰԭʼħһµĴ壬Ϊ᪻ƣΪóʢһʱ˵Ǳ᪻һ֮ˣԶ֮ң⣬Ҳˣ᪻һΪв壬ֽ᪻ʱԼԴöΪ졢ءУǿطѲ֪٣˷ת䵽С
˵䣬óһľУľУɫĳϣһöɫϢתʮֲ
˷
ɫ˷Ȼû͵طǰǿȴŷ˼ƶϣö˷̲صʹǿں޲±ֻҪλ޵Ϊûгڣö˷Ȼ޷ҪҲˣʮܵʵҪһλ˵ǿߣӦò̫ѣٱʱ̼ӣ޷жֻܰʮܵˡ
ľеķ䣬˼ã𣬿ڵл֡
ǰ䣬аһʮ飬˵ˡ
ʮܵ뿪ħǷһЩ´̿͵Χɱɫ
š
ͷûǰǰʮΡ
ʮܿЩ˭ɣʵ
µ֣û֤ݡ
Ĵ̫ӸʳҲֻλĻǵҪˡ
ʮܣ֪㲻뱻ֵĶ֮УľƣҲˣҶǴֲϧҪ֮ˣ֣ܿͻᱻһһơ
ˣûٹĨǣֱʮܣҪİ
ĬƬ̺󣬿ڵҪʲô
ԣϲɫǿѹĵļܼ򵥣ʮֻҪվ˵һ乫ʲôҲҪ
á
ͷּȻǱԩʵվ˵һ仰Ҳûʲô֮⣬һ취ѻֵԩ֪īͳ죬ϣͳ첻Ҫٱӻֵ١
վӣȭһ񣬵ʮܣڴлˡ
״ҲվסǰˣֲؿӦġ
˵֮˵꣬ûٶ֮뿪̫Ӹ
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ʮ̫Ӹ֮ʱУʫʫѾһȺ
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ʫѹƲסʣСʵ㣬ħƺϲȲ谡ΪλҪͲȥ
²Ͳ裬ʻʫ
ʫԣ¶⣬ʲô˼
ʫͷŵеӰڵӦħѯĳЩ顣

ʫ˻Դ鷳Ϊβֱӹȥʡ
ҲǺס
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Ŷ
ʫƶǶĵ˵ͷӦ¡
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ʱʫŷõȲǰҪȥɫһ䡣
Ҫ룬ֻǳȥߣ˳˺ȱơ
ǰѾͷ룬ЦЦȥ
ʳǽֵϣߣȫǽϣλȨг£ʳ֮УΣһ˾ֵԼ
ڽϣɫƽȻ˿ûܵʳǽյӰ졣
ʳǶϷһ۵СԺУƻһλɫĸææ⣬Ϊɷ׼
жؼףī˼࣬˼ƽͣǰԷ
ҵĸо򵥵һˣһ뵾У
Ҳ³԰ɣԹʰ
ææȥī˵
ºһЦá
ˡ
īڶӣ
æ飬ȻҪ
Ц죬Ҳۻ˰ɡ
š
ӣīҲûйΣѵʳǳЩ£ѾϣҪûʲôҪ£ЩͲҪˡ
á
ûжʣͷӦ
СԺ⣬ӰԺůһĻûнȥš
ħ飬ȴҲ⣬ʦǰī֮ˣҲħ壬ܿΪů
֪ǵůֶܱãȻвԸδĳһգִݻǰһС


1120 
ʳǶϷ򣬲۵СԺУƻһٲʢȴǳ˽ʱ
Ժ⣬Ҳص˰ʱûԽ벽
СԺڣ˳Թ󣬸ʼʰӡ
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յĲ裬ʵЩˡ΢Ц
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īԣüͷ壬գ»ȥ̫Ӹ
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оħڣ˸Ҷֺī
ЦЦʦħ֮ʣǣλ̫ӵĸҲħ֮ʣӺӷѣʦѲ֡
īԣٶȳĬú̾Ͳ塣
Ҳɡ
пˣ˵ЩãҪī磬ѴӦӣҪһ֮
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ǰߵĻīɫ΢Ҳ˲֮𣬳ºͿûпѱ౻ʱֻԼ鷳
ī磬˵ﻰʵҾԪͱӲûʲôϵ
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ѾӦ˵乫
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1121 Ļƺ
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ˡ
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ˡ
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񡣡
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ʮ֪һʱǰ̫ӸĽȫɱúʮӸۡʮˣǰָ֤̫ӣҲֻǰذ¡īɫ
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īԣüͷ壬⵹ûУʮֻ̫ӵµ֣δü˵ĻԹȥ
ˡ
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΢Ц̫ӣͬǴҪԷ˵ĻΡ


1122 ҽ
ҹҹˮ£λħ̫ۣǿԷǷ
Իһ̫ӣɫ˿η壬΢Цؿǰߣԡ
Ц̫ӵȷǴ̻кӵͬҲʮ޹أȰ㻹ǲҪʻˮ
Ǿܾأ΢Ц
ִԲǾͲҪΪֳˡ
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ҿ˭ңҪ췴𣿡
ǰһ̵һҲѹеŭ𣬻̫ӵĽԩ
ī󣬽ʿ㿴ҿ㣬ĿΪѵؿǰͳ죬Χ̫Ӹ𣬷ͬСɡ
ī磬ôҲ̫֮ǰ⸮Щ̫ˡǰӣƽ
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񣬴̫Ȼȥʱռƣõλʮ̫˭ʤ˭ܣδ֪
Զҹɫ£°׷ӰУȥ롣


1123 ˫֮
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֮սȭȭ⣬̵ȭ͸壬һ޵Ѫλʿס̫ʱԶشʿ֪ʱӰܿս֣󷽵᷿

иУ¶ŭɫһǰˣӰӹת˲Ҫ᷿ĺʿǰ
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ڤڤ죬̫֮£
һ̣ۡڣ治ٱһǰһΪͿС٣赲ֲನ

춯صĴ𶯺һѪɽգһλ޽ӽħԱ֮Ȼǿ棬ҲԺˡ
󷽣ӷס˵棬¶ɫû°ɣ
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ͬʱʮ̫ӸŹõŷ𶯵Ĵ̫Ӹɫ
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ģսҪʼˡ
Ƭ̺󣬹


1124 
ʳǣһҹȥ䣬ɢҹĺ䡣
̫ӸʮӸ̫Ӹǰսĺۼɼһҹ֮䣬̫顣
ʳУһӶӽߣӪıȫǰʳǡ
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1125 
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1126 ʳǴ
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1127 Ϣ
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һħʵħڣ׺Ͱ˻λħִ⶯֣Щˡ
λħվû֤֤ʳǺħطһΪ㣬ĳͷ


1128 
ħʳǣ̫Ӹǰ߽٣ѹȻһ
ħʲƣУһöɫƳ֣ʱʵϢӣħʡ
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Ա֮ʩŭֵħ̫ӣмˣɱ¾ɱ¾
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1129 
ҹĿɱʳǸɱ¾Ѫ˳ˮȾء
ҹȥһ񣬵⽣Ӱոһ
ѪծѪŭħ̫ӲԼצٷˡ
̫Ӹ⣬κϢ޷룬̫ӵȺף̶һҹ̫һܴ
ʳǽֵϣصǧذת

ƺҹļžʳǸһλλĿ⿴Һķ¶Ȼ
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ͬһʱ䣬ʳͬ鷢ҺƺҹһӶӽ̶
ˣ
ۼٱ¶ʳǸ̫Ӻ;ŻµʿѸٳˣ˿ûκԥ
һ̣ʮ̫ӸУҲֹ֮ͣƽ
ۣۡĿк죬
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1130 սԭ
ʳǣܲһûз磬Ƶգѹֵ˴
нħ洦ɼʳǽϣÿ˳붼Ҫϸļ顣
һҹʱ䣬صشһλ̣
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1131 ᪻Ƶ
ԭʼħֹսԭ֮ƣѸٷٱħ߽ÿһء
˭û뵽ľ棬⧲ħͳԭʼħµħһƣ߽ڽڰˣħʧݡ
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1132 ֮أϣ
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һ˲֮ѪɫƿնĿ֮䣬һɽĿޡ


1133 ֮أ£
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1134 շ׻
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1136 
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ʯĹУ׻һǰһڰ׹Ǽ䣬нɫ
ǰаʱһʯų֣ȥǰ·
ʯź󣬺Խ׺ݼ١
ͣǰʯţ˼Ƭ̣ڵ׼𣿡
ء
׻Ӧ
̶֣֣ûٳɣֱȥ
Ƭ̺󣬺¡һ촫ʯĹ𶯣ʯӦ飬ʯ׷ɣҳһӡ
ʯű٣һɿµӿΪʵʣëȻ
һ˲֮䣬һӰʯȭͷƿɴɽ
Ŀ֮䣬Ųһ̤˲ٲ֮⡣
󷽣׻ŭ𣬻צӭȥ
аʥޣȭצײҵ𣬰׻ɳںʯϡ
𣡡
ëι˻һ
ս⣬ǰһ浹ս¶Σյֻ׻ʹʵʲôŵ㡣
ʯǰ׻˫ȶٶӳ
׻ٽ棬ųϢ׻һαɳȥĹҷǰ׻ܹ⡣
սʮУ׻Σʯս׻Եó쳣
ս⣬ûżǰæ׻ɽõɶҲʱ䣬׻Σա
ء
սУ֪ڼδɺ󣬰׻ս˺һί֮ɫ
ټһᡣ
Ϊƽ˵һ䣬Ŀ⿴սлëĹ˼
ܷ񿴳ⶫõʵ

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׻״ƤһֱǰǳǵĴ
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£ëʬÿһζ̶˻ȥҵϴŵһԵİ׻һˡ
֪˶ãϣëʬҲվͷ飬ֵѪȾȫ֮
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Һѡ񳼷ȻëʬĲ״³
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նëʬڣһΪӵ֣ѪУؼ
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ʯУսĺۼ洦ɼԿǵһ˴֮ˡ
ëʬǿȴԵסǿߣϾëʬսǻۣʵЩǷȱ
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Զ׻󿴿ţģҶΪޣȻԶԶֱС
ҲʯϸѰңҶʵʱʱ䣬ͬͷӬһ㣬ʲôҲûҵ
ɳҲæɡ
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ͣ²ӣ̫ѨǸɾطҲ֪ϴ˼Ρ
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֪Լұϣһط£óëʬµģϸо
ķ棬ϻۣάĵԡ
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ҲƵĲ֮Ī᪻һ
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Ӧ˵ԩ·խɡ
ȸ֣ɫۣΪһ񽣣âתΪ
գڴ˽ɣ


1137 
᪻Ƶϣ֪ȸˣٶȿ
ǳŨǺֻϣΨһˡ
ǻʣѪ죬ָһϢת
ʱأٶ˷ǣΨֻء
Ŀ˲䣬˫صĵ
ĳɳʧ
ߣȸǰˣ
ʵ಻Ԥڡ
Ц˿ŹߵĻᡣ
Ƶˣ羵ڽͬԴ
䣬֮䣬˲ָ棬ƿգ
ǿǿ޿ɱ粵ϰյýϽԽΨһˣ֮Уٶ
ԭΪѷϡ
ʮУ˿ܲǰԪĲȸЦһԪڣ޽ӽΪѹǰߡ
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ֽӡ⻪תȪѹ
滮֮ǰٶ£ȸ״ɫ΢ٴǰĿڡ
̤ѹǰ߽٣֮ܿ
ս⣬׻С«ǰսϽн֮ɫ

²˺ѵǻ껮ȸֱۣһĨѪɽȾ콣档
ͬһʱ䣬ȸУתƣһͬȾ졣
˻ȭȻһͬʱ˺
Ͽա
нͬʽӦѡ
Ȼ𣬽ײನʯĹҡƿʯڣǧɡ
ƽɫˣƾ̣ν䣬ȭ
䣡
У֮䣬Ӧݣʯ׷ɣʯĹֳ֮ס
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ȸ״ɫҲһȣΧſӳ֮

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ͬһʱ䣬ǰУ᪻ƵͷƿնȻնһ֮ͨϡ
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սУȸҲǰƣδһشǿĹ壬һӹƿննһߵͨ
ţռ᲻ɴݵͨɢȥ󲿷ԣսĴݲУ֧ţնӦ顣
ͨϿʣ޷ųָȻѡ
᪻Ƶ٣ֱӴϵ£׹·

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㲻㣬û뵽ջ
ɳҪġ
С«룬ɳ˵ʮа˾ţõˣò
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ôڣǲӦþϡ
ȥ
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׻ԣ¶ãȴҲûгɣתɻء
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ͷһֱ֮ģԵ
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ĵɫԽԽء
µòӦľͷ
ֻǣ׻ƺҪﵽޣʵЩ鷳


1138 ֮᪻
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Ųһ̤˫ץסһͨٴηһ
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·׻˫ԭصȴϿգн֮ɫ
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ʱϣһõӰ֣Կ̣ǰľ
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ҵһսħ塢ƽʨ塢塢ɽʯȣ⣬еĻͼȫսȻȻˣ쳣ء
þУ᪻һλ۷ĳΪΪһֲͶ㣬ء
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û⣬ߣƽ᪻һ壬ԭʼħΪλ壿
ٴһ̾Ϲʱսԭʼħ죬Ϊ˵ֿԣҲɳǿԭʼħҰľݵأ᪻һǵЩǿߵĺˡ
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ˣΪζѯʵ

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ͷһѧ񣬹ǰҵ
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޾ķĺӺ嫣һ˿Ψһϰ֮ҪԼȥա
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ħ򶫷Ϸս쳣ңħǿλµһҡµһ֣߲ϳڽڰˡ


1139 µһ
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µһ޿ƥУħģ𶯾񾪡
һս֮ʯʥһˣǧ
ʮħǰһɫսµ濴Ű˵ʯûȥ׷
Ī׷ʯϾҲǻ壬ô׾ͱսδʼ
ʯʱԶһĨӰԣİ׻棬Ƿʣ˲Ŀ
ħǰĿ΢жٲ³ߵݡ
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޼Ŀ⿴Զλħڶʵǣħ岻پǲ֪λħӦڵľ档
ɳûлشȻûȷϢţʳ棬λʮ̫Ѳ˸ϵ

ʱλʥ֮ǰһλս׵Ľʿ첽ħµĽ졣
Ŷ
޼ԣ¶ɫǺˣ
ħʮ̫ӡ
ս׵Ľʿ
Ȼ
޼üĿ⿴Ե֮ڵɳޣʹӽ֣ʵΣ
ɲȡ
ɳƽģӲħֿ塣
λʮ̫ǰʥĿģʥѾħ֮ƣӣƶߡ
ͬʱʮħУŰ׻Ӫһλλħʿ񣬹ӭʮ̫ӡ
λħʵʥ֪ʮ̫ӽȡΪ˧
˧ǰλħ񣬲
ʣŴϻԲѵӣ΢΢
ߣһħһҽʦüͷȻƲֹۡ
ǰڵʦΣ
ʦ̧ͷˣһ񣬵ʮ̫ӣʮأΪ鷳ǣһʼղΪĴڡ
ҽεİ취¶ĵ
΢ᾡЩܲܳɹ΢Ҳû̫İաʦɫص
ǱͷˣӪҪȥһ
˵һ䣬ûٶת뿪
⣬׿лԵħڶܷ׵ľ
һԡ
ǧħ˷ܵ


1140 ֻ
ħأħħλȫħصħҲࡣ
ǰʹ
ס˻λħʾ괫ʹĻظ׿ڣƽ°ɡ
ǡ
ʹתȥ
Ļ֪£ʮ֪һ˻ħʿڵ

ħʵΪ̫ӣΪħЧǷ֮£ļ֪Ҳ˵ʲôĵ֮취ս鷳
ʥʵȷϡ
˻ħһλ֮شħһλλʵڵĵ֮ҲսսѸܡ
˵ʥ֮ǷӵĦµת֮壬ԣӵųԱʶλ֮޼ӸӵſȻʵǿߵƻΪǿʥĹһʱơħ侲
ҺλҪԸɽʯĴʱڲǰȥԮʳ֮УֻʣīܹʥλǿĹƥС˻ħ
ɡ
ħֱӷʳǴңī֮º󣬻ʳвҳ֣Ĵǰİ׮ò
˻ħʳĬҲǣī֣֮УкܹʥĹơ
ĵĵӲֵ̫ܵãȻʵףǣҪǱϾʥλΪԣ̫࣬ʱǼޡ
˻ġ
׿ڣʵһѡܲȥͿ̬ˡ
˻ħһ𣬲³ǰǺˡ
棬Ҳ˻õĴˡ
̫УΨΪӽ۷壬ǣս֮ϣۣ˭֪ᷢʲô˻ģֻԼħƽ
˻ħʳĬԣ֮һ̾;ĵĵһΪ̫ӣΪħЧǷ֮£ôɣǰս
ԭʼħߣʮħӪУڣżλħ㱨սʧһԲ
̫ӵ£ʧ룬ʿ䣬ȥʥѰܸԼĿ־塣һλħڣɫص
̫ӵ£λħʿ˵ħʱУ᲻۷Ľһͬǰڶλħڣǵ
̧û棬ûлشʱ˧ڣձѹ쳣

һһָôϵ˧ڻصλħԽƣĿ⻥ӣ˭²ǰʮ̫Ӿʲô
£
ǰڵħ꣬ĪѾûԮ𣿡
䣬˧һƬžλħĿȫеǰϣϣܵȵش
ħλȫʵ벻λ⣬кܵʥ֮Ĺơ
˧ڣôͣ£ĿƽؿˣԮ̫ӲǻҪʲôԮ
λħԣɫһֻʮ̫һˣ
ôΪҲʸ˧һְ
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û׷ĮԮھֻб̫һˣڽ᲻УҲ֪һζԮôӦľ档
λħ˼£ĪûԮλħʵǣ
İʱ˧ڣձó쳣λħͳ˭δʲôĽ顣
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ÿλħһ岻ɻȱսǰλ߻ħء
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ʱһλħ첽صʥս顣
ӹս飬һۣƽӭս
ǣ
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ʱǰħѹǰʮֻʣ²ʧ롣
ħǰ׻ᣬһĨӰϣӢ䲻

ʥǰ޼ƽɳޣһսսɡ
š
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ﬣ
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ɳԣ΢УƬ̺󣬵ͷ·ģսܣʥɱħӪ
䣬ɳ˫ֳм䲢ϣ춯صУɽ˼䣬ֻأֺ쳾
Уսڣ޴г֣ޡ졢ˣ޾Ϣãûǰߡ
ʮ£
ħǰλħɫ仯ѵ
սڣۼֻأת£ɲǣһҫޱȵĽƶ𣬽޼ΨȫȻĽ⡣
飡
˫ײѪɽƺУӰȾ졣
ʥǰ֮޼Ӽ״ֻӹɱ
һ£ΣƺƵѹǰ


1141 ĩ·
ԭʼħսֻؽսָ˲֡
Ⱦ죬ˣħ壬ٰһ
սʤֳһ̣ʥǰɳʮѹ¡
յʥΰһѹǰ֮־塣
ħǰλħлع񣬻δü룬ǰʥ
棬ضʱɫƬ̺ǧټǵĲ֮ϡ
Ѫ꣬һһ㽫ҰȾ졣
·սУȾӰֽǰɳ޵ȥǰ·ƽսҫŶĿĹ⻪ֱӡ
ΧʬҰѪ겻ϴսȾøӲпᡣ
һٵսǣʵˡ
ɳ޿ǰˣɫ
ϷݵʵŻţɣҲˣħ಻ˡ
ȾѪұ̧𣬽ָǰƽ
ɳ޵ͷһȣʢӰӳսٿ
սٿ֮ʱ֮ϣսԽң幬֮ף޼һӦλħսͶ㣬ƽʥҫ˼䣬ȺǴըĹƣǿѹλħս
䣡
춯صײ޼ǰɫϯλħսȫɳȥѪȾա
·ս֣һս֣Ŀ⿴ʣ΢΢
ˣ

ڣսŲһ̤
𣡡
׻쳤˫һǰ£Լ˳սȥ
ս֣λħԥ̳ˡ
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ǰ޼ɫ΢䣬˫֮ϣɫ⻪ڣһſŽɫǳ֣ը
¡սӦλħɫ䣬ԪǴը֮

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Ѫս֣λħǿѹп־壬ȥ
ʵĴܣħѸٳŶȥ
ɽĴҵħһʱҲԵֵʥĹƣ˲ء
׷ɱǧǰħѾԶϣ޼ӿԶħӪڵ׷ǲ׷
ħܣȷ׷ĺûᣬǣǰ׷͵òʧ
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˵
ħδвս˵̫ӣҲǣ
λħһۣԿԷеĳأħ˽Ȼʱı䣬ΪԼҪнʿ
ûˣĿ⿴ԶʣӦ׷ˡ
˼䣬ʣ֣޾ѸӶ𶯡
׼Ӧս
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λħսò첽뿪׼ս
ȣ
ħǰһȣڣâˣֱʡ

֣ưƥħӪϿգУ˫
Ŀ䣬һƿնԶʥ
ʮʥǰ֮޼ӿǰƿնĽ΢С
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޼̤Χǹһ屬ʱǰǹӣҫ۹⻪ա
˲Ϣ󣬽ǹײ¡¡쳹ħ޼ǰѸɢʥߣǿн֮
һн֣޼λŻƽս׵ʥǰԶħӪϿյ󷨣Ԫ御ᡣ
λǿ֣Ʊãҫ۵Ľ˻ĻۣƽɵǰۼƼ

ħУλħ״ɫһ䣬ÿֲ
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䣡
춯صУɾ޴ײħϿգӦ飬ྡྷɢ·Ӧݡ
ֲನϯħӪǧټǵĲҺѪǺɣ쳣
ʣλʥһƽսڽɢҫ۵Ĺ⻪˲ֱӡ
ɳޣħλ㸺ˡ޼ӿڵ
š
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ʦΪҽκһλ֮ǰ
Ѫ˳ħ˿£ʦǰԲѵһħԪӿǿ֮ԴԴûڣָ
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˱ֻ֮ʣ֮ϣħһħʢ
лȪ֮ϣһ·ߺá
ֻ̧أǰ;ƿݵķʦƽ
ǰڶʦƣ¶һĨοĻҲδü˵ֱֱȥ
λħʽˡ
սϣֵħߣһħʤǰ̧ɢֻأĿ⿴ǰʥ֮ɱ¶
³Թһ˽ɣ
˵һ䣬ħӣʱ֮䣬һ޴ħӰ֣ǧɣء
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У֣˵ħ
˫лҫȷʤʱս⣬Ӱӹתʮ춯ء
ʦһ̡
䣬֮ħӰ֮У˫ںϣ۳ɱ֮С
䣡
׵ײΪģֲĳ絴ȥĿһС

ƺϣɫӦɢɳӰɳ˰ɡ
棬ħҲ֮飬˵һĻУǰ壬޴Ļڳ֣ġ
㣡
Ȼһħߵأ˵ĻԶ
һԣסؿڣѪ£˭˫У̹ǡ


1142 ǧħ
ԭʼħսԭʥѹա
ħӪħʿʥɱĴܣҵħȻɥʧе޻֮
սǰǿ֮ħڶӻʥ֮
λ۷ľǿߣħײ˵һĻǰħţ壬Ŀ޵Ѫ
棬ɳӰɳɣŲģǿס

һƺߣɳ޿УѪŻȾһƽսס
ħУưޱȣȻΪӽʵɳޣҲԾħش
֮󣬽Ѷħߵ䳾ѪȾء
Ապϵ˫ۣãдŭ⣬ħڶĿ

Զս֣λħɫ䣬ʵôһоͰ
л˶͡
ڣһħ֣ڵ
ʱ䲻࣬ĪҪ顣
һ䣬ֲ̧ѪĿ⿴ǰʥ֮ƽħһұ뽫ͻʳǡ
ɳԣüͷ壬ˣҪߡ
Ȼ֪ղŷʲôǣλҪߡ
ħÿλǼΪǿĴڣȻֵǱѰʥܽ˵õħĶ֮ʵʽ
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Ȼ֪ʲôǣЩıλʮ̫ӵӰӡ
λʮ̫Ӵʼնڲⳡսǣʵ¡


1143 ϲ
ħӪһսĿ꣬׾ħϣ̼ӹ̷
ӪУλħĻ㱨ɫԽԽ
ʬ޴棿
ȷʬǱʥ֮˳Ҵˣ
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ħǳ䡣
ʽ̧֣֣һſŴǳ֣ǿƥǳ֮ײǰħ

һƺߣѪȾգħˣѳʽ֮
㲻ֻǣᣡ
δ䣬ħǰһȭ壬һٴĿѪ

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ħսĿ⿴ԶɻԲѵӰһǰȴûż֡
䣬˵֮ˣʱǰԽڵ֪
ӾԲô׶Ը֮ν棬Ǵǰռݾʵ֮ʱǺʵʱռκαˡ
˼ɵģɲĻ
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֪ߵѳװˣɣҪ̸޿ǰߣ
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һ̣ɳУһҫ۵Ľ֣Ĳ˼֮
ʱһ죬˺ӰӹȪ·

һ壬Ѫ޵ϣֱ̧ץס棬ֹסơ
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޿ǰˣ˵ɱᣬڣҲûаճ㣬ʱ³Թ̸һ̸
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Ҫ˵˵Ҳ㡣
𽣷棬Ҳ˵ˣս֮飬ԭʼħ廹δһĵزȻ㽫ҵ˵λħʿĵϣҲὫʱΪλʦ𻹻᲻Ĵأ
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Ļ½֪ΪӣѲֹһڻʳкλħʴ֣˶ۿ顣
вɣܾ˵Ľ棬룬Ҳ޴ѡ񡣡ƽ
֪Ȼͨԡ
޳̸̸顣


1144 ʮ׺
ԭʼħҰϣߡħ߶ţɱ
ҹ£ӶˣɱȻûоԵİʱ˭׳֡
֪̸һ̸ɡ
޿ǰˣƽԼΪݣԸ棬ΣħĴ棬Ӧڱ֮¡
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ǣ
һЦһ棬ûʸΪ޵ˣ֪飬濼£ᶷܾˣѡ֣ʵָԵĿġ
Ҫʲô˵֣ܵõʲô
Ҫħһˡ޳
Ŷ
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ڿûУҲûС
¶΢Цħһħֱ֮أħһ忴ƴﶦʢʵΣأֻҪʱһĻʶ֣ʱȴĻˡ
üħһˣô׾ܵõˣλ̫ҲΪ˶һ
޶Ȼ֪ıƾ̣򲻻˼еҪ
˼֮䣬ǰۻأٶԽԽ죬Ȼǲ󷽴ս˻
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ȥǰߣ屻㣬ǷչĺûᣬΪӣû˻Դͳ֮λ޶ԣţֻҪǰ⵹λ̫ӣλħʲò¿Ǽ̳дͳѡ
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1145 ͱ
ҹ¸߹ңȱ£¹⣬бϣԲȱ¹ȫ
²Уȱ龰
Բǳ̬
£֮ǰӰĹ⻪֣ǧǧ򣬸Ѷ
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˵İ棬̫ӸУҶϯڣŵǰӿ
Ҷںϣֲ˵춯ء
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1146 ּ
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Ȩ㳯Ұ̫ӣ䵽˵زꡣ

ʳǻң˵ԭʼħҡ
Ҫħ״ңֹħ򣬻Ҳһ
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ֲض룬ֻ御һѣϾݺĵһǶġ
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˵꣬ûٶԣתȥ


1147 ħ˲
ҹ̫ӸڣӰŶȴ
ʣĹ⻪ɢڰһƳ֮ɫ֮ϣħӿǿȾˡ
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ɫ΢Ͽգڵȵˡ
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ϣһĨǿϢֳֻ߳ڵħּʮ̫ǰսЭֿ
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⡣
ʹǰʮ̫ӣɫص̫ӵ£λħʿͣȫȨ̸ΣħʵħҪ¿ֱӶԻλħʡ
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ЦҲûٵ飬׷ȥ
ս࣬һ·£ڣħѵһʱȴǧ
սĻ洦ɼħʧ޼ҿɹ顣
ս廹аܿԶǰգŽ񲻱䡣
ǰʮ׺նƣһһǡ
һǵʧҪٶƽմԭʼħ򸹵ء
ǧ⣬ħƹħǰħؼ䣬Ŀ⿴Զʮ׺ɫԽء
սǷʮ׺ʵǳⳡսԽˡ
ҪһνʱħǰһĨٻӰ֣ǿħӿ˲Ŀ
ͬһʱ䣬·ϣӰ߳һɷء
ʮ̫ӣУǬţ
ˣɫ΢˲ڣǾȻҲˡ
ʦ
֮ϣӰ
ض񡣡
λħǰ
š
ͷһսʦֶɡ
տ·ˣƬ֮󣬿ڵʮ׺к֮ϵǿߣаգ
ȡʤףӲѡش
ԣ˼Ƭ̣˵ͷãһ󣬱
лʦ
лŲһ̤ǰȥ
ϣǬüͷۼȥ
λʮ̫ӻǻ鷳Ҫս

ħǰտǰŮģİ˲ڣڵ
ǬŽŲͣ£׿ħƽк·Ը
˲ڣѼˣճ
Ŀǰһˡ
Ǭƽ˵һ䣬ûٶ˵ת׷ȥ
սħ̫սһ쳹أյĽ⣬ݺύҫޱȡ
ǰʮ׺ͣ½ŲǰϵӰнɫ
ǿĽӦþħλʮ̫ˡ
ħλý֣һλµһ棬Զڶսܳ
һλǾħʵĵӣħʮ̫ӡ
ɡ
ʮ׺УһλŮ߳
Сһ㡣
Զһλ׺󿪿ѵλħʮ̫ȻΪߣǽȴǹŽ񺱼ĪҪС
ס
µ׺ͷӰڳǰսȥ
սУսݺᣬϻ۶
׺ɫ΢գһɫ米֣ɳ
Ŀһ˲ӽؼ䣬򽣳Уֱǰ׺
׺Ӷ籣ɫ⻪ʢһ޴г֣赲򽣡
ײĽ棬ûУûκβΡ
ʣǬż״һĨɫ鷳ˣλս׺ʽÿʮ̫ӡ
ħǰҲǰսֵĲɫ¡
ʮ׺ѶԸĵطһ˭˳սʮ׺ҵ֮
˼䣬սУ̤ǰŮӡ
׺̧Ԫؼ䣬£ۻһƿն
ӽӲǰ¡һӰ˳ɡ
֮⣬أŲһ̤۷ء
һƿգȷˣݿ
׺βɽ类裬˸գȥ
ͻȻ׺ɫһ䣬Ӱ˳ʮ⡣
УŵĹӰΣ׷ϡ
ǣ
ǰʮһλ׺ɫ£ħʵű䣿
ɱ޾׺ӶܿһһɱĹ⣬
᳤籣ԱĪű䣬ʧȥ˷ŵĿ֮Ч
ϣŲ̤Ӱٶӳеߵˮ½ڣһ졣
ǧɿѵأֻսϿգһ޴Ѻ۳֣ġ
ƿն׺ɫ仯һޣƣǰ
¡һ¡¡𶯣籣Ѹɢ
ͬʱϣŵĹٶűΣΪһٶնǰŮӡ
һűϳ籣͸壬һٲõѪ
Σһ̣ǰһĨӰӳ˲Ϣ֮䣬ս
صһƣƿյƸʤ׺ֹ֪֮ս
һ̣֮ϣǬӰʧսͬһĳӭϰ׺


1148 
ԭʼħ򣬱ս֪ս׺սְȣನǧء
ύ棬⡢ײ֮ʣƿն͸壬һٲõѪ
Σʱ̣ǰһλ׺ս֣ɾΡ
ʣǬż״̤ħԪһƾ죬ӭȥ
棬䣬ħƺΣΰ𵴣Ȼˡ
׺ǰŮüͷ壬ǿħ˭Ϊ֮ǰδֹ
λǿ߽֮ʣ·ս֣Ӱ׺ǰб
׺лع񣬼ӲһԪһɫӶǰߡ
Ϯɫ⣬գű仯˫ӭжϡ
᳤籣ٽӣ̬仯С
ͬʱӶ֪塣

ת۱仯ս֣˷Ӧս⣬Ǭšɫһ䣬ҵ飬ǰս֡
ɲǣǰλ׺ͬʱӳ赲ħ
֣춯صһȭһӦǰλ׺ԪˮںϣӲħ
¡ನХؾҡ١
Զ׺ֵǬţתȽ棬¡¡֮쳹ս
˫裬·ս֪սһʱΣ
ƣ׺в˿Ԫתѹơ
λħʮ̫ʵöԸս黹ǽ趼亱ΪԶһսȡʤ
ʣۼʮ̫ΣǬɫ£ԥһȣ
ţ
սУλ׺״ɫһҴ⣬׷Ԫ赲
Ȼ˵һĻǬɢĺѸʴλ׺ĻԪ赲
·ս֣׺һʱ˿˿壬ζʱģһѪŻ
жҶСġ
ϣ׺Χĺѵ
Ůģɢ˵ݣĪǣ
˲ڣǬţ
׺ɫ˲ϹʱսУΪλ
Ǭţлˡ
·սУ׺ܴһ̣һƽزƵĳڣƿգ˺
Ӱ߳Ӱӹ˲׺ǰ
Ľ⣬һƿ׺Ԫ߼ӿѪȾ콣棬޶Ŀ
жȣ׺ƣӦȻһ֣壬ش
𣡡
׺ɫ΢䣬ȻںУҪ֧Ԯ
Զɫһסλ׺󣬲֧ԮĻᡣ
õĻᣬڴ˳һλ׺ħʿȻܴ
·ս֣һ죬׺Ųˣϣ͸壬Ѫ䡣
شᣬ׺̧ץס棬ǿֹסơ
ߣнתƣһѪӿȾ
׺ƺߣ֮Ѫ£ǿԪǰߡ
ӽӭϣ֮ϣħӿȻӲ

ħ壬׺ѪӰɳɣȻ֮ϡ
ȿȡ
ɳ֮У׺оҿѪȾ쳣
ǰλ׺ǰս֣нɫ
ƶˣǾȻǴ·磬ħȻ׶Ը
ħʮ̫ӣȹĿ࿴ˡ
λ׺м䣬һλɫȹŮӿڣ
ħʵĵӣȻ̫
Աߣµ׺ƽӦ
ҪŲסˣѩְɡɫȹ׺˵
š
׺ͷûӣӰʧ
ǰս֣ƿɳٶȻɱ̹쳣
ɱǰ׺֮⣬˫ֿϣԪУʱѪӿ񱩵ϯ
ƴ֮УҪ𣿡
΢䣬˵һ䣬θ켸֣ת˲֮ǰǰ
ﬣ
ƿգ׺ǰһĨٻӰ֣кɫħ
ʮ̫ӵĽ˾̾һ֣ˡ
ѩ׺˵һ䣬ӹɫѩǿս֡
䣬ѩ׺ش׺˳ս
սУӽɢɫѩӿȥˣɫ΢ûȥ׷
ĿѾﵽûбҪԼΣ֮ء
ˡ
ڣŲһ̤תźħȥ
ϣǬҲûսǰ׺ȥս
ս֣һ˶սλ׺սֽҲٶսһȣһȭˣתȥ
λ׺ǰȥӰɫ쳣λħʵ̫ǿˣ˿ޡ
ֹ꣬սʱգ忪սħ״θݡ
ˣԻعӪء
ӪУѩ׺ش׺ӣһ御ᣬԪӿԴԴûڡ
֮ʴǣ׺Ԫ쳣ѩ׺ɫԽԽأ鷳ˡ
Ӫ⣬׺ʮλ׺룬ڵô
˻˵δ˼อǣЩԾңѳȥѩ׺
ħ˲ڣǬţ
׺ԣɫñ쳣ϹŴ˵УǬʹ㶾մȾߣ
˶ֻܽͻ壬󹴻ʳˡѩ׺ɫ
׺ͷĿ⿴ǰشԵ׺󣬵ȥɣʱˡ
ġ
ѩ׺ף׺𣬽ǰУڣﲻµġ
׺ӹ𣬲ٶൢ飬Ӱٳűȥ
ħӪվӪǰң֮󣬿ڵĶ׽𣿡
޷ɽ⡣ǬĮ
ԣźҡҡͷϧ
Ǭüûǰ߻к⡣
ЦЦûн͡
˵Ŀϧǣ֪ʮ׺һĶȴʲô˵಻Ȥ
׺ܴΨһ·ͻ壬ʱǰ·вСջ
Ƭ̣תӪȥ
Ӫ⣬ǰӰ¶Цݣʮ֮սˡ
ʦʮӦġ
žһλӣΪǷյüԲ顣
΢ЦʱգĽϳɾͲʦ֮¡
ʦ
ʦµһʮĺԶ
ڱսʱֹЪʱԭʼħϷħƣʯڽڰˡ
պ׵ٶţ濴ʯǰֵĵλʥ׼ɫ
ˣͬλʯʥ
ûв´ǰ֮˱ʯʥ֮ס
սͻȻ֮ϣܲУһӰԼ֡

̧ף΢У˲ڣ


1149 ʯ
ԭʼħ򣬶Ͻţʯһʥս֣ǿΪĿ
ħǰħɫ£йŽս
Ҫżֵܿˡ
ƽ˵һ䣬Ŀ⿴ǰһ⽥ڡ
ս𣬾ҪʱƱ䣬쳹Ͻ򣬿ֲѹ¡¡ġ
УεӰ֣˫޴ɳס
̧ͷʵǿڣ𣬰˲ڣ
ȻҲˣλħҪʱڳ׻ʯ
ʯǰһʥĿ⿴Ʋ㣬üͷ壬˲ڣ
֣˲ڲϹʱѾȫΪΰ˲ڵڴ˳֣
ڣħһĶ֣ʵΪ£ڰ˲жʮֿǰǿߡ
¥𣿡
ħǰֽƽ
δ
ƲУڿڣӦ
ͷûٶʣ¥޺ͰδѣʵЩϧ
֮ˣ㣬գ׻ʯ
Ŀ⿴ǰɫ
ԡ
ʣڻӦ˫һ񣬳ǰʯȥ
ʯǰգʱʢһʯԻѪ߲϶ǿ
ʯꪣʱأֺ쳾
ꪣ̼䣬ŭХҡض
ʯ죬춯֮ܣնʰ˲ڡ
ĶǱ
УǰһĨɫħӰ֣Žַ棬
״ʯתƣӭߡ
񽣡ʯײ𽻷棬ɲǣײ֮䣬ͣ˷ɢȥ
µһʯһʥλǿ׶Ƚ֣ꪹݺᣬ֮ϯĺ˻ġ
棬˽Ը֮ܣаת۴ѷ塣
֮ս쾪زΧزϱ٣ǰ˸ҿ벽
µһ鴫
ս֣Ŀ⿴ǰħڵ
ʯһʥҲǷ֮
סΣת֮
˫ս֮ʱ֮ϣ˲ڷʯ򣬿ֲսնѹ
ʯǰλʯʥ״ɫ£Ųһ̤
һ̣ҵĴս쳹죬λʥսڣȭƣɽ
𣡡
ֻžХ˲ֿ֮ܣצ£Ӧ
ϮλʥֵУȻѺݺᣬѳ֮ܡ

ƺֱֱ׹£Ȼһ֮ϡ
ͻı仯ʯʮ𺳣˭ûϵλʥǰ֮ܵ졣
䣡
֮ϣƿգֱӺ֮ϣûλʥ
ɣ˵һĻ֪Ҳ״ݻʯĵ׷ߡ
ɱ
м䣬һǰֱ֣
£ħ̳յħֱĵĿ־塣
սУףĿ΢䣬
սŲһ̤źȥ

濪ڣ
ףצƲ̽ץʯһʥ

ɫ£ӭϣ¡һӲ
䣡
һ̣֮ϣƱ仯ƿն£·ʯһʥ
ɫԽԽꪼס
׹⣬ûսʮӦ٣ɡ
죬˭߲ˡ
һս֣
µһҪ֡
¶֮ɫ
ֻǸߣԸ㣬֡
ƽӦһ䣬һ̣ʤǰ
˴սһ̣ʽ棬ˮһĶʮײһɫ
濴һ۽ջ
սѿս⣬Ҫľǳ״ݻǰʯµĵһǿߡ
ȣ
һȣΧⲻڣ֮ܣƹƻ
ܵǰħϢı仯Ҵ⣬ֻꪷ棬ѪȾʯꪡ
ͬϢ绯Ϊһ壬Ƥʯսһ㸽ϣ᲻ɴݡ
޲ɼ
ߣУһ϶֮ͬʱƿննǰʯһʥ
ꪵ񽣣ٶȽ棬Ѫ֮ꪣ𺳣ѹƷ֮ס
һ̣֮׹䣬Ȼ֮ʯƤǿе콣˿δˡ
µһֻܵ𣿡
һ䣬֮䣬ȭԪǰĿڡ
֮Ϊ޿ɶ
沢ָȻһȭ̤һ籩ϯûǰ֮ˡ
С
ȣڣʯƤӲ򽣡
ڶײأսУ΢΢ϸÿһײĽ
ҵˣ
ǧ򣬸вͬͻȻй⻪ʢһ̤ٽ
һ裬죬˲Ϣ֮䣬ƿնֱֱؿڡ
ﬣ
̶ײ޼᲻֮᲻ɴ֮潻棬˵һĻУħֱƿʯǰؿڡ

һƺߣˣǰѪ£о֮ɫ
ôܣѰ
ܵս֣λʥɣشʯƳΣ
󷽣ɱѪȾգһӰȻ֮ϡ
˲ڳ֣צпգѪȾ
תĴܣʯʮתۼʧ룬쳣
ͬʱԭʼħ򱱷ħӪӪУ˫ϷһĨ
֪ˡ
λħʵĽ飬ǺһΪ˽ļƻ⣬Ϊ̽λħʡ
ʯ壬УΪͬöԸ
ħҪڽ̸ռûȨǱزٵѡԣһǱҪ顣
ûֻʯ壬˵壬ΪλħԼѡ
ĿǰϷµһʯѳ򣬷Ϸս֣ƸӽһЩ
ֻս壬Ǹõѡ
ϷϷħ㳹ռţµһĶ巽սΣ
λħʷѡ壬ҲԾ
ʼգûŹ壬λħѡ񣬾͸ӡ֤еĲ²⡣
Ӫ⣬Ůģİ˲Ǭʮ̫ӣһҲԶ롣
žӪʣûκ·ڣȻǬ֪ʮ̫ӾУû뿪
Ϧ֮ʱӪڣµӰ߳Ŀ⿴Զ΢С
ʱ䣬Ҳóˣħصλħʣѡأ
⣬˲Ум˻ţǬŵʵŵΣ


1150 ʯ
ԭʼħ򣬶սʯܣ˲ڳ֣ʯʥսܣ䡣
ؼһ֣桢֮ս߾ҽ棬֮ʤ֡
ŵħ֮ƣʯһʥش
ܣ
о֮ɫҵģ
֮ͬսˡ
齣ԪȻһӡǰؿڡ

ѪȾգηɳɣȻ֮ϡ
ϣӰ£ħʤֹ档
Ķ֣˵֮ҲǶǰֵĲء
սܵĽߣɳõĹޡ
ħ̧ħӿ֮ն¡

ʱ֮ϣһֲ𺳵ױȵĺѹԶӶս˲ɫ
ǣ
桢ɫһĿ⿴Զ¶֮ɫ
ʯʣ
ͻıսѹѸٳ£˵жüޱȣ·ƬصĿռ䶼
ʯʣʯʣضĻʵǿߣϽ
ʣɫ䣬ܲ¡¡쳹Ͻ򣬻ʵ롣
䣡
һƣ쵸ƾ춯أ޿ƥС
·ɫ£ӰӶ˲ǧ֮⣬ܿ
֮ϣӰ£ϼҫ۶ĿԽصĴڣೡ
ʯʽʯУһλ·شĵһʥѸȥ
֮ǰʯʹ˫ǿӣ̱
ħ˲ڣµһñʼ֤ǵΪʯʿǰˣ
ʯ֮ʣħԽˡ
лָƽӦɫδǰʯ߽ٶκξ⡣
£ûбʲȥ֮أ׼𣿱Ҫʽʼˡ
䣬ʯֻ̧𣬶ʱʢؼ䣬ӿʵǿߣ˼Ī֮
¡
ǿУƽ˵һ䣬ħħ֮ħ
֮棬ȼƶȼȼ
ʯʿΧħ棬ɫ仯Խҫۣǿѹ֮档
ħ桢ͻ̣֮޵ٶȣ˫ѱ档
⶯УϹֶ֮֮ܡ
䣡
ħʯǰ磬ħ裬벽С
ħ֮ϣӿҳŻ߻ԪȻ棬ħѽ硣
δ֤ʵϣĽΨа
ʯգ𵴣ǰ̱ܵɳȥ
֮⣬ֹս֣֮ѪȾħ档
ʵȷǿ
¶ᶨ֮ɫ֮նһ谭ʵһ
˵䣬ὣǰֻ棬ѪħȾѪɫ
ħ߱䣬񷡣
һȣΧħʢħԪֱ۵Ϊֲħ
ϼޣħǧɵħضħ𵴣޹
Ŷ
ʯʼ״¶ɫڵЩͷˡ
λħʵ޽ӽġ

Իʵս޾ڣһ̤Ӱ˲ʧ
ħƿգؼ䣬ɫԽΨһϼ
ʯƷתǿɺ֮ܣӭħ档
¡ݣʽ棬ֲĳɢսӦ⣬ޡ
֮սÿÿʽԴĻ֮Ϊģزϱ٣Ѹٳ˷Ӷȥ
սΪأನ𵴣彫ʿܵը
ߣ֮ʯ಻棬һһʽ
Ľߡ
ʮУʯɫҲֵ̧½棬ȭǰߡ
豹ʽ򵥶ֱӣǳȭӡؿڡ
Σһ̣ħŭһȭ£ӭӻȭ
䣡
˵ĴǧħӦ٣ħɢγɿֲĴ籩
ƺߣ죬֮£ٶܴ
Ϧ
ԽޣԪУתƣħƾһգ㸲
δ֮Уưƥ򷨵㣬ѳ⾪˵Ļ֮
ʯʼ״ɫ£ʢʵԻΪϣܡ
һ̣𽣹ƿնȻײϻʵ
ʵɼײ¡¡𣬿񱩵ĳɢսָҡ

һѪȾش
ͬһʱ䣬ʯΧʵȻɢನϮߡ
ʯüֻӹɢȥನĿ⿴ǰħɱԡ
ˣٹãһġ
˼ˣʯʲԥһȣֲĻʯɫĹ⻪ڣս
ѹսУֻһơ
㲻ԣ㲻á
˵䣬ʯ״ζˣһ˲ǰ
֮ȭƣ޿ƥС
ὣǰһɿֲ̱ɳȥ
䣬䣬䣬ʮ֮ײһһСɽɳˡ
ﬣ
⣬ֹסƣħأǿסΡ

ѪŻȾأһģ¶ƣɫ
ʵͬһεĴڡ
ϣʯһǰƲȻֻǺ֮ٶǰ
Ļ⻪ҫĿʯ̧֣һƶ
飡
ʱ֮䣬һõӰ߳ƣǿѹ˿ѷʯߣħֵ̧ǰ
ʵ棬һΧСɽ˲䱻Ϊƽء
ʯʣͣսΣ
ħʿǰʯߣƽ
ˣʯɫ£ףȻôˡ
սѶٴȥҲûκ壬ʱͣսħʵ
ʯĿ⿴ǰħ˫ȭ߬δܳˣϧ
ˣ
Ƭ̺ʯ˼
һ£սֹʯ̻سŶϷȥ
ף֮£ô˽ᡣ
ʯ˵һ䣬ٶԣ黯ȥ
ʱ㡣
ħĮӦһ䣬ԣ𣬿ڵ
ûд󰭡
ֲ̧Ѫ˫ʯȥķ򣬹⻪
һսǷһԻʵǿߣ㲻Ǳˡ
Ļ֣Ľ
ħʿǰѺܲħü
ҡͷû£ȥɡ
ħʵͷеɫҺش˷֮ǵ򣬻κλʵ֮µǿ߶ܵʯôá
ѶʯشʥһˣҲԷʲô
ħһȻͿʮչˡ
ԭʼħ򱱷ħӪУǰʱħ⻪ʢ


1151 ̸
ԭʼħ򣬱սħӪУħӿСԻ֪С
õСУųǰħߣһ
ħʡ
ض񡣡
ħʿڣĿעǰĵӣɫսʯѾܣͿıˡ
ʯ壿
ԣ΢΢𣬹Ȼѡʯ塣
ô𣿡ħƽ
ûС
ҡͷֻЩѡ
Ŷ
ħ΢죬ʵΪ⣿
ΪħʻѡԸ壬Ͼսµһʦʯ岢ܳΪв
ħԣ͵ųƷµһʮڷأ׶Ը϶ԣʯҪ࣬ѡʯ壬ֻΪȡʱѡ
ħǣ
ٴһ⣬ЩҲƭƭ˻Уһ̫սᣬñκ˶
زǣħ棬ҪԶԶڴʯ塣
Ҫľ棬ѽΪȡϣ㲻ñʧħɫ
Ȼ߾һ֮Ϊƽ
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ӪʮӪУʮӪĿ쳣վȨ˵ʮ׺Уħһ塣
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ʮλ׺Уѩ׺ԴΪΣڵ

Աߣɫȹİ׺üһֻħʹĪħҪ̸𣿡

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λ׺ͷΣսնʹϵʵҲͬ壬ʹĳʹ֮¡
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ʮλ׺󡣡
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ӪУԶϣһλŮģǿ̬߳Ʈǿ
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裬һڣ¶֮ɫ֮裬Ȼ鴫
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Ϊк̸ıҪ𣿡
׺󵭵ȻѡͲ̸ܺµҪ޷Ӧ
̸УҪ̸֪Σ御˵ǵ㣬Ȼܾɫ
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Աߣѩ׺״¶£
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սܱʮλ׺䴫ʯܵǰǰдУµһħڵǿһʮλ׺ͷþɢȥ
ʯܣζħӶս֧Ԯķս
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ʯܣħɽԽ벽Ψʥʮλ׺ıħ廹ЩвҪת΢ƣ˵Ҳ
΢ЦԽԽ䣬λ׺ʯĽ֣̫治ϣϣϾǰж֪ͼĵ̫ӻǶġ


1152 ƽ
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ʯսܣϢʮλ׺Уڴնٱ䡣
˧ڣչɫ£Իв֮⡣
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ͬʱԭʼħħУֲӰǰռҡԶ̸龰֡
ĵλȷʵʹѡ˻ħף͵
ǺͿڲţӵУܳңܾΪ£ɳΪһħƽ
ѡ
˻ħԣһ̾Ϊ֮£ʮĹϵˮݣҪ棬ܡ
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ʮǰԣлľƣ̫Ӽռƣ̫ܴӽͳ֮λʧȥ
ΣԲԸ⿴٣а˿ǰ̫Ӿܵ
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ļأûκλӦڹǰһȾʱ
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λ׺󣬿ǵˣ
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ʮλ׺м䣬׺ǰħʮ̫ӣ
λħƽԣ̫ӵĻҲʹλħʵ˼΢Ц
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գ߸֮˿ǰ˲ڣǬţѩ׺

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1153 ƽµı
ħ򱱷ϣţҡҷա
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ʮ׺м䣬¡ѩλ׺Ŀעǰħȴ֮ˡ
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ħԨߵĽ֮أֹǰĵؽ磬¶֮ɫ
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ǰڴлع񣬳һħʥͣսٻػʳǣ־ȳ̫ӡ


1154 ս
ħԴħսѣصϢ˷Ŀ
סڷħƣÿһնһζѳսѹ
֮⣬ڴħսħ̫ӡ
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ԣĿ⿴Զʳǣƽ˵һ䣬ǰȥ
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Ŀǰħսƽ
޳ĬƬ̺·߱ǹתȥ
߻֣޴˾٣ȻǷ֮Ȼˣ֮£ʱ׷ɡ
˻ħʿ·ӰĮ
ħʵͷĿ⿴ԶȥħսһĨɫ
޵Ϊʤǰˣʮصĳ˯ħսʵû˿
Ϣʣλħȥʧ
·ǰ̫ӣ¶΢Цϲػɣ


1155 ֪ع飬Ū
ԭʼħʳǣս޹һս½Ծ
̫Ӹ⣬ħʲµħ飬߳ʱ£ػɡ
ɫħ´սನħ̫ӣٶȳҰС
⣬ĵ˻
Ŀ⿴ΧٻĽ¶΢Ц֮ɫ
ֳˣΣֵˡ
ϣȥλħҲ֮ʧûж
Զһʱ乧̫ػɡ
ŵܡ
Ŀ⿴ǰϾţƬ̺󣬿ڵл
ֶ֪ˣ
¶ɫ
ʵϢΪϤиµϢ˵ȥ֮ؼˡ΢Ц
ǻʵӦġ
֮ܲԩʵƵΪֻǰȥ֮أħ
ޣս񡣡
Ŀ⿴ȥķƽϾţݶ飬ס
ٶһ
Ҫľ仰ʳҪˡ
ʮ㿴յ龰θأ
ħأħλħʹǿѹҡء
ħս鴫
ħϢɫ
ֳѰޣƺᣬʳҪµķˡ˻ħʳ
ָɣȻȫԶսһʱ鷳ˡħ
ǰսЭֿʥʥǿһ壬ڳ֣ʱҲܻʥ˻ħɫ
治ڣǣ壬аΪ󣬻ʳǾƿܻ仯ħ侲
޼ɵ£Ҫǣ˻ħ
˼ǣħü
ʮ
˻ħʳ̸˽ʮʹ֮ٻʮȫǣľٶ
ʮѾˣǣ壬вסħӦ
ûβƵˣֻҪʮĴϻۣ᲻ѡ񡣡˻ħʳ
ħƬ̺ͷϣ˰ɡ
ս֮䣬̸ħʱȥϢġ
ѵõĶݺƽħнʿһϵѹٲС
ԴսĴսʼմƣһ֮µ壬Ʋɵʮλ׺ʵǿС
ϣһκ̸Ļ˱ٷѡ
ħӪǰһµӰ˼ֹ˼ƽ
ʮ¡
ѲߵĽʿǰߣȫͣ¹֪ûʮ̫ӣƽܻô쵽
ͷӦĿ⿴ʳǷɫ
֪ħʳڳֵİϢħսޣû뵽ħ廹˿ֲս
ʮ̫ӽּ
ʱϣռʹ߳ڵ
ˣ΢У
ħʥͣʮ̫Ӻ̸й̣سܷ⡣ʹɫ
ּ
ֱĿ⿴ǰʹʵʹˣ̸Žãֻʱ˱λħΪôżһȥ
ħ˼಻֪ʮ»Ǿ̰ɡ
ʹһ䣬룬һ£ʮºܿͻ֪ڸߵҲ޷ǰãսѣΥλħʵּ⣬ų̫ӣ֪ʮº̫ӵн飬ʱûǵ͵һЩΪá
ǰѣüͷ壬һ񣬵лʹ˵ѡ
¸ˡ
ּ⴫ʹûٶӰȥʧ
Ǭţ߰ɡ
ʹ뿪Ҳٳɣ׻䱳ϣسǡ
ԶǬ̤Ӱ̸ȥ
ԭʼħϣһǰһ󼲳۶ٶԽԽ죬ʱʧ
պʵǰױȵϢƾնħߣ
ǧŰʯǰһĨӰһ񣬵ݼλħʡ
񡣡
ħʿڵʮħһ̸й˻ľ۹ͣʲôҪĽͣ
ֱҡͷΪ御ңǳ֮£͡
йߣ͸ͣʮض룬˵ҪĽ͡˻ħɫ
ԣĬƬ̺󣬿ڵ쳾ʧܣΪʧϣħܹ֣ﳼָΪ
ǰߵҪħ΢΢ףһ˲ǰǰ̧𣬺ħԪԴԴϹǰڡ
ߣɽѹǿ̱ܵķ嶯»
ħ壬ÿһ羭֮УȻ𾪵ǣħۿɼٶѸʧ¡
ħüϢӰ»صʵ֮ǰ
һЩ⣬޷Ϊʱָܻˡħʳ
ǰߵĻ¶ʧ֮ɫлħʣˡ
ĽͣΪڻ޷ָӵĽʵִ̫šħƽ
ͷĿ⿴ǰλħʣڵһ£ʣȴʡ
£
ħʵ˵ɣˡ
ɣһĴС
ɫ£һʣһĴǷ֮С
һ䣬ʵǰնʱѹλħϢǣɽ
˭ģ廹ڣ
ħɫ
ΧѹµĿֲѹӦ˵
ħԣɫӱ䣬ʮ֪ɣ㻹ҪʣǺξģ
ħʡ
һ񣬵ʧȥΪѾãҪʵΨǿ֮У塢廹зΪǿ󣬳ʷ崫֮£ֻҪԼʵûĿġ
ǰߵĻħɫ΢ڵһ壬ѾãǵĴҲ֮ʧ֮У²Ҫᡣ
ǣӦ
ȥɣ֮£˻֮󣬻ټ㡣
ۼѱ䣬ƺ֮ʱᣬħʵ˵һ䣬Ӱ黯ʵǰʧ
˻ħ֮ȥǰһǰˣһδʧ
λħ뿪ֱתȥ
ڣȷһĴоħ塣
λħʵ̬̫ѰóһλħУǽһĴڡ
塢ڣλħʵŭҪγأ
ħع飬ס˻λħ˫ۣɫ¡
һ崫֮¾ȻйΪħ֮ʣӦò˵£ʮӺϢ㲻Ѳ²ˡ
ڣ
˴ΰǰѣ϶ǰȥ֮ؽ֮¸һħʡ
ˣǻɹڣΪЩӣеĻУΨʧһʱ䣬֪١


1156 
ʳǣʮ̫ӸܰĸۡȻ˷ǡ
ʫꡢʫ뿪̫ӸбÿյģҲĻЦ
ٶؽȻһµĴȴİ˿һ˿յӰӡ
УĿ⿴Ŵڵİ裬
̫ӵ£Żӵ
ʱ⣬һλ첽
תͷ롣
ǣ
ȥ
ʱǰŻӵӰ֣һϵ֮ɫڡ
ˣ߳Ż֡
ʮܼˡ
ǰַ̧ǰߣڵڹΪ̫ӣֿܲ
ֱĿ⿴ǰŻӣƽ֣һ𡣡
ڵͷǰ
ں棬һͬ
Ĵװξ֮գ˼ֹһλ̫Ӹеų
ĴæδüŻָаݷãþŻһˣǰˣ¶Ǹ⣬˵
ʮ̫ˡ
΢ЦʮλħʵŸϻأȻҪȥλħʣʵĺ̸йӦûõٵʹͰɡ
ҡͷ֮£ʹͣҴ˴λֻΪ˸Ҳܿ컹뿪
Ŷ
ԣɫôսѾƽϢսʱҲ̫仯ʮΪλҪ뿪
һ̾ĺƽֻܿʱļиоⳡսô
ʮܻˡ
üڵƣħһѾʼŤתս֣ʥǿֿ⣬Ĵ岻ǡ
Ҳɡ
Ӧһû϶˵Ŀ⿴⣬ڵŻָֻ֣ɣΪɣ
ʮΪλдԣ
²ѡЦЦ
ĻɲҪ˵
¶֮ɫǰȣ޹أ𣿡
ס
ͷǸǻʵܶˡ
ǰϴɫ΢һЩǰˣʮܣȥսȽΪֺʱܹس
ڲܻ
ɫصʥʵǵ֮ɳ޺͵֮޼ӣսˣλħԳ֣򣬶ʱڣʥƲɵ
ʥǿ󣿡
ŵѾӶսǰѵҲŤתս𣿡
ѡ
ǿҲֻǣƵλһˣɲռơ
ڳĬʧˣΪָɣҲܿ룬սֻŵ˵ز
治ܻ˭ǣ壿
޿ܣݡλ̫ࡣ
̧ͷĿ⿴ǰʮƬ̺𣬻ʮԡ
ʮͬǻ̫ӣȻڻǳǣʮ˴κ̸ɹڻ֮жȻǣܵõλħʵǿܺ࿹⡣
˼ˣɫɫʮܣûָֻɺҪô죿
ŻΪдʣ
¶ŻӦ֪н飬ָֻɣӦø˲Ŷԡ
ʮ̫ˣʱͬգľѾ仯̫ࡣ
ɫصʮûֽ֮ʱǲûгȣңʥʱʮܺʹֻֿʥ򣬶Щ£ֲ᲻ɣϾûԶѣֻԶ档
Żֵ˼ǣ
üͷ𣬵ֻ֣
ڻᣬֳƿػʳǾǰô
ڳ֮ĲУ֮ĲޣҲӦ㡣
Ĭ˼ã׵ŻѵĲ̫ˡ
ʮױá
ʱڣֻزָܿʤǰȻԣǣƣӦûܹ
ͷĿ⿴ŵ⣬̫Ӻ̫ڶǿԴл棬ǿԼ룬˽գɻҪ˼Ա
Ʊǿݵλֻͬܽܡ
̾ˣҲ̫ãϻɣиˡ
Żߡ
ףûٶԣתŵȥ
ڣǰȥıӰɫ¡
İ棬ǧ򻯣ڽ谢޷ų壬ƾʵ޴֮
ľ˵ܹܣϾ̱¶Խ磬ҲܹӦ֮ߡ
ڣǬš޻ڽѣʣµλ˲ڣؾҲԶˡ
Ĵ壬ҪӦڵľأ
ħħǰһλŮģӰڵأɫ
ǬţЩһֱʮԣʲôɵΪ
ħʿڣʵ
ûзʲôɾٶ
ǬŹӦӶԿʮ׺̸ʮһֱľħӦҲܿʮоδ
ħԣףʮϾ壬ʼΡ
ЩʮıӦÿš
һԣ˻ħǴͼգͲǰһ崫֮£ɣûбҪ˷գϾûʲôôܻŭ𡣡
ȻҲΪû⣬Ǳôɡ
ħɫʱ޷Ҫǣ壬ʮݷǷȷõѡ
š
˻ħʵͷڵʹ
ڡ
ǰʹص
֮ʮ̫飬̫ͬӺ̫ƽƽ˻ħʳ
ʹԣӺݺһƬ̺󣬻ع񣬸׵ǣ
һ̣˻ħУſħƵԻǰ
ʹ̧ͷӹſ飬вѹơ
ʳǣҪˡ
һֱʮ̫Ȼ̫֮λǣ˶֪ʮ̫Ӳûм̳дͳĿܡ
һΪѪ⣬ʮ̫ӳ壬ħѪѪվ谭ʮ̫վȽŸϰ
һԭ򣬾ʮ̫ӻ̫ʱһǱǾ顣
̫ӵûκζܹ棬һħûд´˼Ѻԣʮֻ̫ϵ̫ӣûм̳дͳȨ
Ȼʮ̫ӻ飬һж仯
ʹĲ뿪ٳʳǸȥ
ʳǽҪεȵĴ𶯣±ȰѣҪ𾪡
ʮ̫Ӹվǰһգû뿪ۡ벽
ʱʳϿգħƣʹ߳Ŀ⿴ǰʮ̫Ӹڵʮ̫⡣
һ䣬Ǿȣ˵Ŀⶼʣ¶⣬˺£


1157 ̥
ʳϿգʹħӿǿħ˲Ŀ
ʳУ˵Ŀⶼʣ¶ɫ
ħʥͣʮ̫Ӻ̸йش;飬ʾνմˣ
䣬ʹУſźɫɳǿħ˿ǿߡ
лħʶ䣡
ʮ̫Ӹǰӹ飬һ񣬵
壬ʱħʢʧõԪ֣ӿȣġ
ڼתħɫ΢ԼΪûлָǣ龹ԴԴΪṩħԪʵ˼
ħʥ´ʳڣ׹Уȫ¶𾪣ǰʵ
飬ʮ̫Ҳӵ˾飬˵ʮ̫ӽ̫ӡ̫ƽƽͬ˼ͳĻᡣ
ŻӸУĿ⿴ϵĴʹɫ쳣
ʮȻ;飬λħʾʲô
ͬʱ̫ӸУȻһ촫оƱ飬ˮһأѪɫ쳣
˫ȭ߬Ŀ⿴ָѪɫԽԽ䡣
Ϊˣ
ʮʳǣ䱻̫ӣʼʮвԭܼ򵥣ΪѪ֪Уλħʾһλǻϵħ̳дͳοʮ塣
ֱػɣʮ̸Ϊ´󹦣Žã뷨ƺ̫ˡ
գʮ飬Ӵ֮󣬽ƽƽ޲
䣡
Զʮ̫Ӹ𣬽ѹ羪ˡ
һ̣ͻĽУħ֣ӳ֣ɫħڣնȾīɫ
ţ
ʳ֮䣬ħԴڵսע⣬Ŀ⿴ʳǷ¶ɫ
飬ֳµ̫ӣ
˼ˣӰ˲Ϣ֮ʧ
ʳǣ죬ۻ뽣ѹɢ˿ѷɫѹûʳÿ־塣
̫ݵľ䣬ӳ֣ѹʳÿ䡣
ǻԻɫâֱʣҫ۽ҡǳ𾪡
ħۣ߳˫עʣһĨ
飬û뵽һվǵ
Ǹǻδ֪ϣԼܿ
ʳڣħںϽѹûʳиɸС
ϣɫ⻪߳Ŀ⿴ǰ
ǷĽΪӦþǾĵĵˡ
ۼʶĴ˺󣬰ջĿ⣬һٶʧ
ǰС
ڣľǰħսɫƽˡ
ĵӲ˵
ӦõۡҲûзϣӦ
겻㻹һ㶼ûб䡣
޵ڣ֤ûʵʱ䣬дһ
ѹƣ㲻֮֡
ʵʣֻҪԵƻʵݲ⣬ʱսɡ
Ҳá
޵ͷȷǰ߶֣ηʵֻΪʵ֮ͬи֣֮ģվĴڡ
˵˼䣬ܴǰħ崫˵ǿߣѲڣλһħҲ
䣡
ʱʳϿգһֲĽƿգӭնʮ̫Ӹ
һԽʱգңԶĶϽնƾף˼䡣
ǣ
иУתԶʣ¶ɫ
档
ĿڣƽĽȤ
µһ
޻겻ĽҲǿˡ
˵䣬ʳϣƿգֱն̫Ӹе֪
̫ӸʼĽ⣬𣬽Ųһ̤
ȣ
һȣڣ˷۶ư磬춯ء
߶鼱תħ糱ӿӳ֮
˲Ϣ򽣻ۣΨһѪɫĽħƣɲǼ䣬ҡѳм֮
ͬһʱ䣬Զ֮ƿնȻײѪɫ⡣
䣬䣡
һ̣˵ĴʳϿգҹߵ񱩵ನɢݻ;һС
Եˡ
޵˵һ䣬ӰϿգ˫𣬺ɫ⻪ӣʳǰջ¡
Ͻϣ濴ԶʳǷһ֮ûٳС
ĵĵӣվֻһ̫֡
ʳǣ̫ӸϿգ񱩵ķУӰնħӿɽ
лĻͽ̡
Ϸһ񣬹
һֱ֮ûٶԣ£ػ
ϣʹоâúӰȥʧ
ʮ̫ӣ
ǰλ̫Ӵﶦʢʮ̫ӵĹ⻪ѹƣ˿
գʮ̫ӹ⻪ţҫ۵𺳡
Ľ̸Ƭ̺ٶȥعħԴ
ħأʹ
ĺܺã°ɡ
ħʿڣ
ǡ
ʹ뿪
ʮ̫ӸУĿעԶħأ˫ƽԨ
λħʵĿģѲ£ѣػɣҪǣơ
Զս޷õѡ
һͬˣơ
ò˵λħһ壬ߵþ·׶̫Ӷ
˵ǻ¡

ʱڣħӿһĨõӰƾճ֣ǿ쳣
ʦ𡣡
ˣһ񣬵
Ϊʦ㣬֮¶˵һǺ£Ҫ׼Ŀǰӣɫ
ʦģ
ӦȨͳ֮пᣬӲȥǱ۸ͷϣҲη塣
ױá
Ӧһ䣬Ӱȥ̫Ӹȥ
ڣ֪˶ã̫Ӹȥ
ʱȥһ˴˵еħˡ
ħصǿӰնĿעǰȴ
ʮǴˣ᲻ǵ⣬ڣ͵ȴǰˡ
һʱħǰһĨӰ֣׷Ŀ쳣
ħأûκԥһȥ
δǰħأһƬţֲĻ󣬷·ʱὫû
λħʡ
ֹǰõӰ
ƽ
ħʿڵʮҪĽͣ˻Ѿ裬ɻҪĽ
ħʣܵõ飬㣬󡣡
ܺá
ħʵͷ飬ȻΪʧӵӴҪӾΪħЧ
ȻħʶӦ
ܺãڱʽһ¡
ħĿ⿴ǰˣʮ̣֤ݲ㣬ʼ޷֣ʽ½㣬ʲô취һҪҳ֤ݣ֮ڷ


1158 
ʳǣӿʮ̫ӱ;飬һ𶯣½Ծ
̫ɽħͳ֮ͱΪ̫Ӻ̫潻档
˭û뵽ǻϵѪʮ̫гһܵõ̳дͳʸλ̫ƽƽ
ԭʼħĴ£һֱزᵽ
˴̫ӡ̫ӻ̫ӣµĻǰǲװʧ
һʮ̫Ӹλ̫ҪԼᡣ
ʳǱһ׵ĳԨУֻһ𣬴ǧļž
ǣ
öŮ֮ӦƬ̺Ԩ£һĨŻҰɫȹŮ𣬴߳
ŮսģȴǲҰ쳣һϸ΢Ѻ۱鲼˲
֮ϣƬ̣ӰħʳǷȥ
ʳǣ̫ӸλϢǿĺӰУǰһµ徲º͵ñ쳣
£ԥˣʮ̫δᣬ콫ȥ
֮ףǰ̫ӣһ
̫ӵ£
ԣҫѩͬӣǰ̫
ҫѩǿ֪Ӻ̫ӣǺε忴ǰأ
ٴ塣Ӧ
Ƿ֪ʮ̫վźˣɫԽԽʵ
ģħһλħʡҫѩش
ȻǶ֪˵˴治֮ԣ
˵ͷĬԡ
̫ӵ£ֳҫѩҲΪ˵´ҵԸвµĵλ
һڣɫصľƣλħ˷ֲʮ̫ӵļ󣬼ʮ̫ӱǾħʵĵմӣλħȫվʮ̫ߣǴ˶Եµв̫ˡ
ס
ɫڲǳֵʱʮͷʢκʱ֣͵ͬڴλħʵʱȵȰɣʮֻλħʷֲǣƱ̫ӵĿܣ뿹̫ӣкܳ·Ҫߡ
£ҪҪһʮ̫Ӹ̽һ̽ʮ̫ӵ̬ȡҫѩ
ü˼Ƭ̣ͷȥһҲãϾʮδ˻̽һʮĿڷ磬ҲܸõƶӦ֮

ҫѩ
ͬһʱ䣬ʳڣ¡¡Ը׷ݷħʮ̫ӡ
ʮ̫ӸУ߹ڣһˣվķâ񳯱¶
ʳУ͹ܸܵԶ̫ӸǿĽѹ˿ѷǿߣ䡣
ǰĹУ·Եʹߣ֮˲Ծÿ·
ܵԶڵǿϢ𾪵ͬʱ׷ѡá
ʮ̫Ӹǰͣ£һλµŮ߳սȴûһ˿Ѫɫ˫ͫңһĸо
˼䣬ʣΧٲڣ˸ҿ֡
̫ӸǰŴ󿪣еĻʱǲˣյ̫Ӹӭ͡
Ե߹ڵʮ̫Ӿɢŵֻʳǡ
ǰеĻʮ̫ӣɫ΢΢λʮ̫Ӻʹ̫ˡ
â¶Ʊˣ·һڳʵ񽣣˲״â
עƬ̣̫ӸͻȻ̫ӸڣҶƮ㣬
ţ
״Ųͣ£ɫ䱸
һ̣ҶУΪһڿƿնâ˷
ṳ̈˲Ӱ𣬱ܿһ⡣
Ľ̶ѿ֮ӰԽԽ죬׼
ڣв豭ֻӹ峺ĲˮΪˮɳնˡ
ػӰУһȣۣһͷͷӲˮ
ȻˮаʮӰնƲǰ
̧֣ʢѪ֮Ӳ
¡һ˫ǿ棬ˮӦ飬ˮɢ
ʮ¾ӭӿ˵𣿡
ɢˮϢĿ⿴ǰеˣڵ
ڣ¶΢ЦǱ̫ʧˣʹӺζ
ƽ
Ŷ
¶ɫħ壿
ԭʼħУм壬ħһ壬Ȼʵȴǲκһ壬֮һ
ԭҲ֪壬ҡ
֮½֪̫ǫˡ
΢ЦţʧԶӭʧ񣬻һ𡣡
л¡
ͷǰȥ
ڣͣ²ߣ۲ǰµĻʮ̫ӡ
̫Ӻ͵̫ӣǰ֮˳ಢڣҪݣֻ˵㡣
Ȼλʮ̫ӵķͷȴǸǹл̫ӡ
еʥعʳǲãδ£ֲԶǰս̸ħһͷ֮˵ȹͣ飬˸ʲô
𾪵ǣʮ̫ӣԼķâͨ쳹صĽ⣬ȻʮҲ֪ǿ
Σֵ̫ù峼𣿡
ǰŮв˼ڣ΢Ц
عɫ˫עǰ̫ӣΪΪ᳼
ܼ򵥡
ЦЦĿ⿴⣬ڵ̫ǹΨһѡ񣬵ǣ̫ӵѡȴһǹ壬㿴ЩӸǿǣһһѡȫڱ̫ӵһ仰
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״ЦԽԽạֱַ̃䡣
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ɡڵ
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˵һߣпҪˡ
ƽ
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ʱ̫Ӹ⣬ѩƮ㣬һλɫȹŮӳ֣ݣף˲Ŀ
ҫѩΨһŮӣʵȴȾǰλΪǿ
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֮ˣ
ô˵Ů̫ӵˡ
̫ӵĸѪԴϵһֱҲȷ̬֧̫ӡ
Ŀ⿴ıҫѩһĨɫ
壬ô˵ӴԺǱǵˡ
ܵǰĵ⣬ҫѩĿƹǰİŮӣ˫Уɫ
֮ˣû뵽һ͵µĹҲ˻Ȩ֮
һ£
Ļȣ룬Ժǻᾭ档


1159 
ʳǣӿʮ̫Ӹǰ¡¡Ը̤㡣
Ȩ֮пᣬȻ֮Ļر֮͡
˵㶦֮Ƶĸ󴫳Уվٴץסᣬѩ̿ϣδĻȨ֮Уռһϯ֮ء
ʮ̫ӸŴ󿪣߲ܣһһ˽ڴ顣
ڣۿŵ֮ɫڣȻ׼ǣʵǰš
һգвʮ̬ԸЧҡ
Σ̫˵Ļɷд
Ϧ֮ʣһȥŵ⣬ƽҵļһԣһ˵õȮ죬գǰν̫ܼ̳лͳʱǽյѩ̿ͻΪǷɻڴĻᡣ
ĬȷҲǱͬĿģѩ̿ʮ̫Ȼʵλ̫ģǣ𱳾ǱԲѷɫλ̫ӣһɹ̳дͳܵõĺô

תǰֽĵŮӣ¶΢Цһǻ֪ǽյѡǺεǡ
ԭʼħսħӪǰ濴Ŵʳܱɫ쳣
ʮȻߵ˽ա
ݻɽճɴ󻼡
󷽣ʮŮƽƺ̫ˣΪʮ֮𣿡
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˼ʮ̸ܺй;ҲȻ֮£Ϊֳֻˡ
ЦЦĿ⿴ǰʥķ򣬵֣ӦÿǵӦʥĽڻʳλħ򣬲ǹġ
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ʮ飬ôϲ£ΪֳҲñʾʾˡ
½ѩƮ㣬ȫѩûһƬذס
ʥأϵ̳ϣŮľĿԶҹ
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ħʯҰܣʱںٶԶϽγвˣħֽ֮ᱻܿ
ʥռƣǣԵ̾˵ħ壬١
գѱ棬ջĿ⣬׿ʥƣ֮ɫ
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ʥƣһλտµڣԪ޼Ӹɿݡ
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£ħƵȻȻΪʵǿߵ֮ʣ޷Ѱ
ݣϣطܻΥ̡
ʱ䣬δ̤ʥ벽ľƣԽãʧܵĿܱԽ
ͬʱʳǣʮ̫Ӹǰÿһգǰݸ˶ﲻŴ󿪵̫ӸСֻа߲ܡ
̶գʮ̫һѸ׳
ʮ̫ĿŵȽᵳλħʲԼͬѡӶһЩߣ׷ѡվӡ
̫Ӹڣ徲صĻرɫһ˿Цݡ
λħʵ̬Ҫֲʮ⣬ǾͲΪպ󳹵޷ͷͻ
ʮ̫ӸģƾʳǷƱ仯ƽ͡
¾һҲ𣿡
֣һӵȴԥ޷ȫ֡
ʲôɵĵģڵľƣǺܷ𣿡
ӣ֮ƽʳǺ´ƣƾ̾α仯ľԶ֮ˡ
ǰʮ̫ƽɫϵԥԼ֣к£ͱˡ
ʱ⣬ħӿһϤӰ֣ħľУĿ
ֻ֣ع飬ľзɳȻ̫ӸС
ʮ£Ǵµĺ񣬸ҲҽӣͿʮµĵˡ
ǰ޿̫ӸеˣĮ
ϣûб̫Ӳҽӵĺ񡣡
̫ӸУӦһ䣬ӣ
ԺڣľвڴУħӿֲѹ֣˾塣
ǰְľϣһѹȻһľС
ɢľмУһɫħֲ֣ħӿȣɢ
˽īԨʮƽǷ˽ǷԵͿµʵˡЦ
ʳǸһλλ׹пʮ̫Ӹɫء
λ̫Ҫʽˣ˭ʵʤһأ
̫̤ѾãΪɲ⣬Ȼħ壬ҲǾԵǿߡ
϶ԣʮ̫ʱж̣Ȼ飬ʱﵽ߾ǣȴ̫ӦûвСĲࡣ
޾ԣӵʮ̫ӽµһλʮ̫ӵʵԲó
ĿУʮ̫Ӹڣ̧սһ̣ħ̲֮صħ񱬷Ѻ۳֣Ѹӡ
һ̣ĵһĻīԨħȻ飬ֲĳΧһС


1160 ֮Լ
ʮ̫Ӹ֪ӽīԨ֮ϣ̲صĹħȻը
񱩵ĳɢ̫ӸΪģʳǶܵɾ޴ķؾҡ
ʳڣеǿĿضʮ̫Ӹоء
λ̫ӵĽ棬ܻܿδ㶦ƣ˭ʤ˭ϵش
ħأλħħУͬעʳеǷֲĵĵӣĿΪǣ壬ǣǲϣ̫ǿʧȥơ
ĿУʮ̫Ӹڣħˣ춯֮ܣǰӰ
Ȼһ̣ӿħ֮Уһ𣬽ƥֱնħɢȥг
ɢħУ߳Ŀ⿴Ÿޣȥ֮ߴ̫ӣĺˡ
ǰ΢΢ͷʮµĻᴫ
˵꣬ûжתգʧ
ʳǸ𾪵Ļعвڣλʮ̫Ѿǿ˵ز
̫ӵΪ֮ϣʮ̫ӽ·ŵħ͵ͬڳ˴̫ȫһʵ澪ס
Ҫ֪λʮ̫ӳ壬Ϊ²ٶ꣬˶ݵʱڵĴ̫ӿ⣬ʵ¡
ջĿ⣬˼ʮ̫ӵǿ󣬳Ǳ˼İˡ
ʮ̫ӸһֱĸȻرգл͡
ڣͣ½ŲͻȻһѪŻȾǰء
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ް
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ʮ̫Ӹħɢȥ΢䡣
ĽԸ⿴

ֱĿ⿴ŮӣڵҪԼ
嶨ĽΪЧҡ
ؿǰߣٴε˵ǣҪԼ𣿡
ԣһһɫȱ仯
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ǡ
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ŻӷӹˣֻΪݺѪһֱλ̫֮¡
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ŻӸǰͣ²Ŀǰкɫ̫֡
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ǰλ״̹
ͨһ˵̫Ӱݷá
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ʮһпưǼƻķУʵϣʼգûеõκκô
ʮ;飬ݵλ֮ı䣬ѣҲ׳ΪЦ
ǰɫľŻӣ¶΢ЦŻƺ鲻Ǻܺá
ϣĮϲʮܵóԸˡ
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ʮ˵ʲô
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Ŀ⿴ǰߣһΣ׿ǰˡ
ȨͳĶʮȻ˿ں
Ż֣˸־ҶԻͳȤ˴λ;飬Ҳ֮飬þŻᣬʵбǸȭһǸ
ڼ״ǰǰˣ¶õǸӦᣬǻխʮˡ
¶΢ЦŻ֣ȥ֮˭˭ѲҪȻѾ⿪ʵЩŻ顣
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ǰľƣ̫ӱλħʽ㣬ʼղų̫ӵ߽⣬ʱ̫ӳ֣ඨԣŻֻѰޣû
侲ҲӦ֪̫Զսһʱ޷ϻأ˴̫ǣƣ̫ӵʵѸٻָʤǰ룬λħʴҾ飬ڴ̫뿪ﾡǣ̫ӡ
ڵͷ˼£ƣʮܱҪСĽΪ˻Ȩͳ̫Ӻܻܿδᣬ֡
ŻַģֻҪҲʳǣ̫ӻûӣϾ볹׼ŭλħʡ
ɫ̫ӣҸΪⰢ޵̬ȣŻֿ֪λսǷȨ֮
Ӧòᡣ
ҡͷ޷һħ֮־ȳ̫ӺħԴ룬λħʺܻܿὫսܶȥ̫ӵĺԮŤתǰսֵơ
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1161 ˳
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£ȷ谭Ұ⵹̫ӣ뿪ĺӰ죬ȫӶ
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˵΢٣Ŀ⿴Ż֣սǺӦñ˭ɡ
ڻУ档
ɫ΢䣬ش
ͷ֣صԣΣ޾Բ뿪һսƽʳǾ潫ٶȱ仯ʱҪοһλӵλħֲ֧սպյĴ̫أ
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ڵ̫ӻܻسǣٲܴս
˵޵ȷ뿪
ǰ˼Ŀ⣬ʳǾƣĪ⣬ǰǵȷҪ̫ǣ壬ƣ̫ҪôЯ֮Ƶƽһ谭ĽҪġ
ڵͷɫصΪʮЩʲô
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˵ɫͻȻһ䡣
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һֱĿʼռʮϣȴսĴ̫ӡ
ȷزǣսƽЯһս˭ƺ


1162 ¥
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ħأֻǺ͵ʹЦڣ̣ǰս
䣬¥˫һ𣬽չᣬ
޽ӽؼٵĿ´ڣ֮䣬ʧӰ١
ħʡ
¥˦ɵĴʹ𣬰
ض˵ȥ˰ɡ
ħʵ˵һ䣬ɢȥӽȥ
ڰ˲λ¥޳֮ʱħʳǣʮ̫ӸУһĺģЧҡ
ǰŮӣ΢䣬ĮĻȣ˲
º󣬱ľսһս˭ʤ˭ܿͻˡ
ձ̫ӵĽȥ°ɣǹؼʱڣĪ©ڵ
ǡ
ת
սţѲ֪ǵڼν档
ʥǰŻƽս׵նǿ˼ɵ
սɱ֮ʣʣƱգ֮УһǿӰٿٶ֮죬𾪡
ǣ
ħϿգ¶ɫ¥ޣħ߾Ȼ˳
¥޳սʥλм䣬ɳɫ΢
۴ϢٶȣĪǾǴ˵λħһı¥ޡ
ų˼ԵľǿߣȻҲʱ


1163 ս
ԭʼħսѹ¥޽졣
սϿգϯɳ죬˲ľǿ˵Ŀⶼ˹ȥ
УڳХӦˡ

ϣ¥նǰڵ˫
¥ޣϲػɡ
ڿڣӦ
ϲãλħʷűΪڵħѾ䵽˵زֻϺзӦ¥ĿɨһԶʥЦ
ɴ⡣
УڿڣصĻƽʨʵͻͽǿƣô׶Ը
𣿡
¥޵Ӧһ䣬Ųһǰȥ
󷽣ħǰ濴¥޵ıӰɫ΢
¥ޣ˲еıû뵽λħʻὫų
棬ʥ֮ǰλʥŻƽս׵ʥǰӰнɫ
¥ޣ˲ʵںħսޣһս̫򵥣ҪСˡɳ޿ڣѵ
λʥͷڵʵѾ̹һλǿİ˲ڣⳡսԽѴˡ
һ˭
֮޼ӿڣɫص
ɡ
ڶ֮³̺֮߳Ŀ⿴ǰ޼ӣɳޣ˺úù۲ʽҪҪǡ
޼ɫ£СһЩʤǸνʥҲ°һΣǲУ̳
š
ǰ³Ӧһǰȥ
֮䣬߶ţͬǿߣȴǸͬ
Ŀʥڶ֮³Ƿһͭɫļʥʮ֮Уǿ֮ˣȻʵǰλ޼ӺɳޣҲҪѷɫһ
۶棬¥УϢȥڣȻڳ˶֪ǰ֮ˣǿߡ
ʥǰ޼ӡɳ˿ǰս֣нгɫ
³ʵǣ¥ޣһս»Ѵ
֮䣬߶ţսһѹֵ˴
³ǰ¥ޣȫ䱸
ȳǱ㱾ɡ
ۼǰûгֵ˼¥ЦŲ̤Ӱ˲ʧ
޵ٶȣѱ棬ֻת۵ɲǣ¥ʥڶ֮ǰ
צѿգХ˵âƿն˺ǰš
ΣϮ³ʶ˺벽ܿǰצһŭȣȭǿƻС
䣡
˵һȭƿʱգֱӺ¥֮
ս⣬ħʥǿɫĽΡ
ֻ̫ˣ
ǰս֣񱩵УӰԻ¥ǰ˫£ȭ
Ƚʯ˫᲻ɴݣȻ³ȭˣ˼ֺ
Ч³ɫ£һȣʢԴԴϵӿȭٶ¡
ֻçñ᲻սȤ
¥Ȥ֮ɫӰ˲³ƺȻǰߺϡ

һƺߣ³ӰʱɳʮɣѪɽȾƽսס
³
ʥǰλʥɫһ䣬˭û뵽ֲУ³Ѿܴ
ٶȲ̫󣬵³ƸӲ޼ӿǰս֣ɫص
׼ʱ֡ɳ޿ڣѵ
š
޼ӵͷϢӿⳡսʤһʤҪҪǣ³ܳ¡
ʥλ׼ʱ֮ʱǰս֣³¥֮սԽңԵʵѹƣֻУ³ϱȾѪ
ҫĻƽսףȾ죬һһĻڣѪ£쳣
ٲ⣬¥޾У˫צ͹Ѫһε£˵
³סΣǿѹƣ֮ɫԪڣʱѪȼȼ
ǰ¥ޣʥ޴谭޼ӺɳҳԸķǰܾôսܡ
ţ
һȣ³󣬾޴޻Ӱ֣ɲǼ䣬սֵնҡѳֲ

󷽣޼Ӻɳ޿ǰڶ֮ƴʽɫһ䣬Ӱӳս۶ȥ
֮䣬սУۼƴ¥Ц˫磬Хա
죬޵ٶȣ޷³ȭ£һӦ
çԶֻç򣬷ͬĴ޲ɼ
³¥޳֣צ룬ֱӶǰߺġ

ȵѪӵ³ӿצ͸壬˺ǰࡣ
³
󷽸޼ӺɳӺݺһ¶Ȼ
³߬ŵצתɳƵץסˣڲĻţ
䣬³μ׹£Զɽ塣
һ̣˵Ĵս⣬һɽӦ⣬ʯ׷ɣΪʯ׹¡
𶯺쳾ɳһ˫ӰʤߺȴҲûǰĴݡ
ǵѪ䣬ǿ¥ޣʥڶ֮ƴһУҲ޷ˡ
³
ɳӰɽ£űʯеӰ˫ȭֱ߬졣
ϣ޼ӵȥ¥ȥ·ŭڡ
ս֮ʣڴǿϢ˲Һӡ
սˣ
ɳ޴Ӿʯ£³ʬһ䣬˳ս
޼ߣûսŲһ̤ȥ
ħǰ濴ȥλʥû׷ϣ֮սʥǿλûг֣ȥ׷Ҳս
ʥһλʧСսħһռһϷ硣
뵽濴ǰսе¥ޣ΢У̸¥޵Ըλ˲ǰľǿ߹Ȼǿ𾪣Ϊãԣһ޴
ʳǣʮ̫Ӹǰս룬ڣսݣɫ
¥ޣλ˲ڵ
ԾŻ˵ĻãλħδĶޣѣɳƿص¥޳ս
˲ѳλֱǰޡ¥ޡǬŻڣʣµλҲȴ̫á
ԶȰ׶Ը취Ѱ˲ʣµҲƳҵӦİ취
˼ˣŸȥ
̫Ӹӽ̫ӸٶȻָյ֡
ʮռ䣬̫ӸУл׹аݷã۴ǰ̫ӱǷԹۣ񶼷·ʲôûһǰݸ
ҲûͬװʲôûзһһӴ֮ˡ
̫ӻʮսȻʱκҪȡ
¡
ʱ⣬첽ʮ̫
ţ
ԣüͷ壬ʮôˡ
롣
ǡ
뿪
ʱ⣬һĨ°׷Ӱ֣һ
ڣˣ
ڣ⣬Ŀײһڵѹ˲ҿ


1164 ɽ֮
ħʳǣ̫Ӹ֪ݸλħ̫Ŀӣѹײ
ΧŮȫǿѹƳʮԶԿ
ʵܼ֡
΢Ц
ʮܿˡ
忪ڣһ𡣡
ͷ
ƽ
л
ӦߵĿǰ
ϣ忴ǰߣѯʵʮܽô뵽ḮУ
Щշ̫£л̸֣̿һ̸Ͽҵ
Ŷ
ԣ¶ɫʮܻ;飬Ǵ֮ʱΪλ֣̿
̾׼ͻȻô˶䣬ǻûʧʵֻ̬̫ܵࡣ
ЦЩʮ̫Ӹǰݷﲻɿλʵʲôûʧ֮
ڻʳе˶ܿʮڲϧ۵׳ԼͼȨģȻҡ
ЩûĿ⿴ǰߣЦݵʮҪѧӦڵݣ̫Ӷڻʵ˵һҫ˶Ľġ
ͷû϶˵Ŀ⿴ϵ壬ڵ֣ʵһѯ󡣡
£ʵ
˲ڵ
ɫҲַ֪ħ彮˶ս⣬սʵռƣȻа˲ĸ֣Ϊβȫɳ֧Ԯǰߡ
ɫ£Ƭ̺󣬻Ӧ˲ڵֻλħֻ֪֪Ϲ֮ս󣬰˲ȫʧںҹˣûκϢǴ˴ħ忪ս˲ᶼ֪˲ڻš
ԣ΢У˲Уޡ¥ޡǬŻڶѳ֣ʣµ˾Ҳ̫ã֣ǶһΣ
ʲôü
ͳ֮
ֶ֪ڻȨͳڱصãǡãʵҲһֻǣҲΪʱֵܺһѣѾİ˲ھͲ˵ǾͶİ˲ʣµУ˭ܸ£ˣӮ˵óдͳԶ˳
üͷٴ𣬵ʮܲô̫Ϸ𣿡
΢ЦˣıŪܾˣ룬ϷһЩҲûʲôã٣Һͻ˭֪ʣµİ˲ںʱֻ˭ȳ֣ƽ˭ܽİ˲һ£֣͸ƾˡ
ǰߵĻüͷһֱţ¾ϡ
̫Ӻ͵̫Ӷô꣬ǵһ˵ֿƶϷķͳġ
ϣҲûгԴţ̫˼
Ľ飬ʵʮħѪͳеĻУѪͳ߹֮ˡ
ȴãɲϣ룬ɫһֱҪҰֻҪӮұ㾡ĽٵǴͳ
ǰ֮ԣУâĿ⿴ǰ֮ˣʮܣ㾿ʲôôʲôô𣿡
Լһѡ
ƽ۸ԶȨͳ֮пᣬҲƴһٲ֮֮ȻƶϷȴΪƽ֮˲ǻҪսõ˲ڵ֧֣ȨͳҲԶӡ
˵΢٣֣սպֳʤҲϣǶܸԷһ·ԻħĸֱԷʤĿܶҪԶԶңնԼԼ·ˡ
Ĭú󣬿ڵ˼죬ᾡ𸴡
ԣҲûдߴ٣˵ͷǻʵܱڸоֵĴˡ
ߡ
ͱ
ȭתȥ
忴ǰȥıӰⲻڵô
ʲô
У֪ʱΪ׵Ķλʮ̫ӵĴȷ˵ôʤ㶼ԶѡַպȨʧܣҲԼһ·
ҫѩΪأ
忴Ϊϻ۵ıҫѩѯʵ
ֳͬжϡ
ҫѩɫصλ̫Ӷ֮ƣȻ°⵹ʮ̫ӣҲԪˣʱ̫ƽҹսպգҪ俹⣿
ͷλħʴʮ飬һʮ־壬˵ⲽѣв̽䡣
أʮҲĴŻ˷
ڲ˼·ֳʤǷп̫ӵʵ
ʮ̫Ӹع飬˼
ľƣԽԽѣ̫ӵĶľ֣ûκʤ㣬Ҳں
ĿǱƳʣµİ˲ڣȻ󣬽Ĵֽ֮ǳȥڻȨ֮Ҫ
ڶ˵Ҫӣħ㣬ƶΪõѡ

˼֮ʱͻȻһϵ𣬴ңԶľ
ԣɫ΢ʦ𡣡
䣬ڣħӿһĨӰ߳Ŀ⿴ǰߣڵĽţ
жţôˣʦΪʲôͻȻ£
ֻغһڽǰѱȡߣǿڽϡ棬ǽ֮飬ȴˡ
ĽĽ飿
¶ɫϹŴ˵УĽ𣬽ȫʧԭʼħȻĽĽ飬˷˼
Ѳֻ֪ǣᵱܹĽǿϢܹȷֻغĽĽĳһɽĽ顣ĳ
лعɫصʦɷ֪ȡǿڽˣںη
ֻغδ̫ԶĻش
лʦ𣬵ȥһˡ
Ӧһ䣬ת㳯ȥ
Ѱȡ֮ˣҪô
󷽣Ŀʵ
ͣɱˣὣ
˵꣬ûٵ飬첽ȥ
ڣȻ˵ǣӣ⡣
еʱʴȣҪá
õǿڽʵ˫մѪȣҲֵá
½޾УһƬˮ򲻶ϽɫĴֱǧ֮ңµֻغ񽣳˽ȵǡ
ǰֻغ·ϣӰ۶ٶԽԽ죬Ƭ̲ͣЪ
ʳǾ˲Ϣٱ䣬뿪̫ãȥٻء
ĽĽԭʼħͨĽĴɽ֮ȫ״̬£ΪֲȻʵǿߣҲԿ⡣
ԭʼħĴɽ翪ս֮ʱɽδ٣ĴɽҲδ𻵣ûκܹĽĽΪλԭʼħ
˼䣬ǰֻغԽԽݺǧĺɫУϽԶԶȥ׳쳣


1165 
½ֻغɫĺˮγһǧľ޴У׳۵ľ𺳡
ֻغϿգһλӰֳ߳һأʵͻͽ
֮ʻˣ˼亱ٵɽ飬ٳ߸ͷһ
ȡɽ֮Ңûֻغжȥ
ֻغͷλٻӰ֣󣬾ɫβڶǿϢ˻ʵѹ
ѪľλŮԶ콾Ϊչһǧ
ʧõλŮ֣ǿɱˡ
ɽ֮飬׿ԽǿԪȻǧﶼ֪
ֻغͷҢͣǰ·λŮӣɫ΢
ǣħĺŮ

֮䣬յĺʥŮ죬ɫһƬ䣬ɫβȾһ˿īɫľ仯Ҳ֮ϢķŸı䡣
ߣͰӣǳĬһԲ
֪
Ңɫ£գӦʣҫ۶ĿĽֱ֮á
սһ˭ûٶϻۼ䣬ʥŮ֮Ӱ붯ơ񽣺Ȼײ
죬žޣк죬ǧһ꣬붯ݡ
Ůڣҡǳҷӿ죬ˡ
λһľ콾潻棬ĵʵȻһǿߡ
ҢڻӰ쳤Хɫս硣
ˮͬĳ֣ޱ֮棬ˮ죬Ϊ
죬ѹ֮ϣƽ
ۼʵˣɫ£˻Ѫ֮ʱλ绪˼䣬ҫɾΡ
УӰ˲ʧٳ֣֮ǰ
£ȴв֮ܣδ·ѳѹӦֿ
Ң񣬱նֲĽ⻮գӭߡ
¡
ǿٶȳһȦȦನ𵴿ǧ֮ڣֱʣûӰ
Ů鴫ϧŮںã
䣬ľУһɿֲһ̣ˮɢΪˮ¡
УҢն𵴣һڿƽѹȴ쳣ǿĹŽδ˸ܵױȵѹ
ɫ£ڳˣ
ɽ첻Ҵ⣬Ӱ˲ȷˡ
ϣҢӽŽ쵣쵸
Ŀ֮䣬˫ǿٽ棬һΣʤ
¡ɽƽ⣬ನ𵴣ɳʮ⣬סΡ
ǿɺɽֻ֮һУѹ˾βŮѪ֮ܡ

ֲ̧ѪĿ⿴һ۲Զİãڻ
ս⣬ĬĬ˵ͷһս֣βԻǿѹ˿ڳˡ
ڶλŮսҢȻɽ֣ҲҴ⡣
βŮ֮ܣѳ̣˵бػɳΪʵǿߵľβŮʵԶԶԽһš
Ĺ⣬̫֮ɱ
ս֣һȣΧѪȼգβʽֺ쳾
ɱм䣬زԲǧλ̫ţ֮쳹ս
״ͬ˾βʽҫҫ⣬սУƼ
ŮУƾ춯أѹսĿռ䶼ѹŤ
սֹԪ
ۼвҢָͬ˻
֣֮Ңһھ죬˾У˫𶯣ײǰˡ
طʽײ۵Ĺ⻪٣ڿŭѸ

ನƺ𣬵һλ콾ӰɳȾ졣
֮УҢǰȾˣƣһȣ֡
սڹ麣
ָ죬Ң֣ͬԽ޽һѪڡ
ɲǼ䣬ͬʱ֮ܣĪ
ݿ֮Уȥ;һУǧ⣬졢ɫͬʱһǿѹƣֵС
䣡
ȷ֮Уٵ·磬ҵУ졢Ӱʮ졣
Ϊ£սȴǾսֵӲƣȷ˵Ңٶսơ
һУԶŮĴ˵
ԸսԪУҢԪڣɽ֮С
ɱ֮Уƿֲ𺳣ŤգһѺ۳֣ӣֱ֮⡣
ʱʮأľɽҫ۵Ĺ⻪ֱ죬ء

ʱԶܵǰսϤϢɫ΢䣬һģ˲ʧ
ս֣ɽն£ֲĽηֿؼ仮һ޴Ŀӡ
䣡
ɽն䣬ҵײ쳹κ˳
УͻȻ衰ǡ衱һ£ĵӰԻ
졢ǰ°׷ӰǰѪĳѺ۳֣ϢȻ顣
ǻ٣Ľѹɢǧﺣ棬˲Ϣƽ
ŸԼʮصǻȥĬԣн˸֮ɫڡ
㣡
ҢųսеӰɫ£ԩ·խȻˣձһ˽еĶԹɣ
ûлشգħԻԵɱǡ
󷽣лع£ߵ˳ս֡
ߣ
֮ĿٿߣΪʥŮŭѹƣȻʱδֻˡ
ع֮ɫǲԸźǰ֮йأǵ֮Ȼ˵һУòʵ
ħ֮ɣںɾ֮ʣһٸ˺壬ʼգһжֻһı
ɱɸУȴϾ˼Ŀ⿴ǰҢеĽɫ¡
ɡ¾ɡɣɽϢ
ǰɽϢɽȻͬϢĪ⣬
˵ǰ֮пܱǴ˵еĵĿɽɽ
ĴɽвͬԾɣΪء
ϹŴ˵Ĵɽ
¾ɵ⣬ɱ仯ѪȾѡ
ɽص㣬ǱĪ⣬ǿ̶ȣ˿ѷɫɽ
սУ˶ţѹԽԽֲֹһΣڶԷΪжż˽⡣
ս
ɽԪ죬Ң֣ء
ǿУҰھ鼱תħӿơ
ս⣬УԪᣬβӰУβȾīľ仯βһڻ
սɱŨļѾʵΰӿʱ᳹״󱬷


1166 ڻ
ֻغǧ棬µηӿ졣
սǰУħԻߵˮ֣ħӿ
ս⣬찵ԪĿ⿴սеˣɱ˿Ρ
λһǿۣսѹͳѹֵ˴
ȣ
ѹסɱ⣬͸Ʋ㣬ɾΣҢУɹ⻪ҫظ
һ̤Ӱǰ죬ǰ
ӢϧҢĺޣԼĲʶԼ
նɽֿƲ㣬ն󺣣ֲ֮ԽؽޣϹĽ֮
ӽɽȻһڵǿײҵĳ񵴿ŭ˳Х죬衣
Ϭʮʽ١
ߣ鼱ħԪ壬˾ѧһʽ֣ɲǣ𣬺ǰߡ
ս׹
֮ϮҢͬ˽˻һ׹£ӲС
䣡
һ춯صĴˮײ˵˷ķӿƽ涼֮
ȷʵˣ顣
ȭħԪӿһȭ
Ϊɱ㣬Ը׹޼䣡
佣Ң棬ֱӵǰȭ
ս
Ȼͬ¾磬Ң˫𶯣̫󺣣ɲǼ䣬Ͽգɫ𺣡
Уޣ
𺳣ɫ£ת
˲գ࣬һ
֮Уؼ伫ײ¡¡쳹±ãޡ

ײƺ𣬾ҳನУӰɳɣȾ졣
ӿΣþδֹͬսˣ޲ս಻ֹ
Ӱӳɽ֮쵸塢սԴﵽһ۷ߣлأﺣˮ
˫ٽ棬Хݣȥ豹ĽУ飬ж
ʱһٶȽ֣þʵͬʤգħ֣˿֮档
˫ƾΣսȣ⻪ҫҫ۶Ŀ
ϬʮʽѺֺ顣
֮У˻ʽʱɾηֿһȻƥ
ȣ
УҢһδˣȭԪǿӭϡ
˫ж¡¡Ԫ죬ڱ飬衣
ѷʤս˹ģನƼ
ս⣬졢ǰҵĴսнɫ
˽ԷǿĻѪˣȻȻ崫ˣ˵ʵȴǳ̫ࡣ
ԽѪƵľ˳ɳˣֲη塣
Ȼλʵǿ֮ʱҲˡ
λŮ𾪼䣬ǰսԽң񽣡棬̶¡¡쳹ء
ʽǬһ̾
ϼޣҢὣԪХڣٵ֮ܣسȾɽɫ
ǰδ֮У𺳣ɫ£һգڵԻ
â˫⻪ҫﺣ
䣡
ӣྡྷңɽ
ɽ飬ž񣬵ߪ档
ŽϢɫ΢䣬ӽս֣Ӱ˳֮⡣

ɽ̫ǿˣߵˮ֮ȣѷһ
ǣԭʼħ̫ԶóȻɺɣλħע⣬롣
ܶɽֻսپڵߵˮ´ﵽܼǰⳡս
˼ˣŲһ̤⼫ڣ޾Ľѹսû
֣ɫ䣬ֲ쳣ĽСӿƽ
ڣӰն׷裬罣е򽣳
翪սٱ䣬Ңɫ£һԪ߶С⡣
Ӧþǰɱˣ˴˽磬սҲ
ʽ
ɽ죬쳤Хתۺûɽ֮УƼ
ޱϼޣҢΧƤʼѣѪѪȾ
ۣɽ⻪ᴩأܣϳΧ磬ֲĴ𣬽籯·ʱ١

̤ӽɽӿǧ⣬֣򽣳С
һ̣ƿն£˫Ľڽлҫ۵Ĺ켣ѤöĿ
ȴҢܣᴩصľɽնӲС
죬أײನӦ٣ķѡ
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ನϮŭǧأ׹ڣֲսԽѹ֡
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ֻغǧս¡¡ڶԴ֮Ϲɽ֮ײһؿʼ٣ޡ
ս⣬쿴ǰս֣ɱԽԽʢ
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ԣһͷ
ǰսУսȫޣнʤֶ֮ʱս⣬й⻪ʢڡ
䣬ǰս֣β֪ʱѳ׺ڻ


1167 ԵԵȥ
ֻغǧ˫֮βнʤֶ֮ʱս⣬һֱս춯ˡ
ڻľβĿֻת֮䣬սС
ĺɫԪӿȣźʥŮȫһƣȻ֪ġ
ͬһʱ䣬Ӱ춯صһƣȻĳ

⧲ķѣоǰǣƵ֪ҢӦƼŻ죬ѪȾ
ɽ֣Ңֱֱ׹·δ
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ϣסΣͻȻؿһƣٶһѪŻ
üǰߺĴƵ⻪ɫʲô
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Ϊ
ɽ֣ɱ죬Ųһ̤޻졣
һߣѹеıˣβ趯Ԫ쳹ء
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ͻı˷Ӧֲ̧ѪĿ⿴ˣ֮ɫڡ
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ĺɫϢ׸ı䣬춯ظ
б֮ӹӲС
ļԴ춯֮ܣ쳹
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ڵɷҷƣɱӿһ˿֮ѹ£ȫӦС
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ͬʱ̤գβ绪չ֣ɫĹ⻪ҫ˼䣬Ȼס
ɲǵľ֮󣬺ڰͬ죬һһף·
Ů֣Ҵ⣬ͬУħԪ졣
ȣ
İ׷Ŀ쳣˫ֵһϣͬ

⻪ҫݣ˫ֶЯն֮ܣնˡ

гನХƺһһλŮͬʱܴβȾ졣
սм䣬ನϮͬܲѪһҷӿ
֪սһţδƣӰӹ˲
ʵѪȾ죬һŵӰٳ֣ʥŮǰ
ʧоΣժ֮ܣʱǰ·
Ԫ羪κ˼¶ȻɽУȻȻʧơ
󷽣ۼս仯ӰӶֺأΣ
ʧ˿ڣ˲Ӳǰ
ժʽʽ
ۻʧһ˲ħԪʢȻһƣӡǰŮӵ

ƼѪȾգӰɳһ˲ɢɡ
һ̣Ȼ赲ԾȻһƣ֪ϡ
һѪ죬һģȥ
ҪǵãԴԶ飡
ǰŮӣ
һƣǴҪϣƣҪ
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̤ϣָ棬һָǰս֮ϡ
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ɽ֮飬վѳУųǲס
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֮޳ģ˫Ѫ죬βϣͻƹƣʶ֮ס
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ϣһѺ۳֣ħֲԭǰǳ˱֮ס
ʹɱǿʹ˲ӳ
ߣһնֿ̧סǰŮʺ顣
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󷽣״̿
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ΪѷȥɣǶѾûвˣĽһ
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һΣӽԺǺΪ֮
˵֣꣬ûٶתȥ
ϣǰԶȥıӰа˸Ũ
ԵʱץסԵȥʱĺǣͬİ·


1168 򲻷㣬Ҹ
ʳǣ֪룬ڣһ
ʵܴˣ
ϣħӿӰ߳ǰӣڵ

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壬Ǳ˳ֻǣԣһʱ仹޷ӳ߳ѡ˵
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ɽ֮飬ί֮УȻԷȫܣ򣬵Ҫὣ¡ƽ
ףͻɽʵôڽ
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ӹɽ˵ÿһ飬Ҫõʱ䣬һҵȲôãתƽ飬Ψһ֮
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ʦġ
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ջĿ⣬û̫⣬Խ˽⣬ʮһͬҲûʲôȤ
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ͬһʱ䣬ϣӿȵУһõɫɽ֣ѹԽ˼
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ǾɽĿֲη塣
֪ãҲûٶϻŲһ̤ٶϡ
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𣡡
ɲǣ춯صĴУצ˼䣬񽣣ζ
ʽ֣ҸֺĿ⿴ǰɽ֮飬մ򲻷㣬Ҹա


1169 ƽ
ʮ̫Ӹ֪ս飬ħԪԪ𵴣ظ
֣һϢʶ壬˫ͬˣҫĿ
ǿҵΣϮɽиУ̸գֲƿն¡
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ײʧɫҫĿĽУ졢ɫĽԱ١

֮ϣྡྷϮѪº졣
УǧɫɢŭУһڹӵɽá
ʣλܴһսȴǳ쳣

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ٶһȣħӿɽƴֱУһһ㣬ʧ
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Сڣգ谵Ŀռ䣬ں׶ΣΧؾŤ·ԳֲĴڡ

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˼֮ɫʱŻأʵֳŵһƽ硣
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1170 һǿ
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ʮ̫Ӹڣ¯¯ǰ°׷ӰĿƣ·ѺܾûϢ
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1171 µһ
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λ߸һԵķµһ󳹵׳Ϊɹ֮ء
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Ĺǳɹ̫ӵĺˣ
䣬ħھ鼱պħХڶ
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λ̿ɫ΢䣬ҳɣ˫ϣֿ
һ̣Ϯ죬̫Ӹ⻪𣬻¸ۡ
УڣӰɳ޿ɱˣ졣

ٲ⣬Сȱλ̿ӰԻٶŻ졣
ɢһǰĿ⿴ǰһһŮ֮ǰĻָʹ֮ˡ
Сȱ˺һۣĿڡ
λʮ̫ӵʵ鱨ʵ̫ˡ
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˵ķӦȻ֣һֱ֣Ϊԭʼħмĸ֣ԭ
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µһʵǷǰмֹɽɲҰܶء
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µһ崫УҲһܹΡ
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Щ꣬ħ²ϣƺǣʵϣÿһ¶ڲͣħʵ
ħ̫ɽȻһħʱ֮أűλ̫ڶܾˣħﶦʢ°׽⣬Ǳ
е鶼λʮ̫ħ˵ɺϣʵ̫һЩ
˾̾ǣе鱳󣬶޷λʮ̫ӳֵĺۼʵ²һ㣬λʮ̫ӵǻۺֶξ̫ˡ
˼Ƭ̣ӻعĿ⿴ǰˣƽȥɣ飬Ҫڹܡ
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Сȱȥ
뿪ãڣվĵУλϣƾˡ
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Ůӻ䣬ߵһλ߿ڣһжֻǲ²⣬λʮ̫Ѿѱ䣬µһҪױ¶ħǰ
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ŮӿڣƽĵҲ޵¾ǰ̽һΣࡣ


1172 ˪
ط壬µһѩصСڣһλ˿յŮѩƮ㣬覡
µһ󱱾˪ԭʼħΪ嶥ǿߣһΪۣʵɲ⡣
ԭʼħ䣬ս죬Ϊ̽ʮ̫ʵ˪״űѩȥ
ħʳǣʮ̫ӸһֱڵǰȺĿңԶһĨɫ
ħأǿڻ²ֻ֣֪ǣµһ󾿾кĿġ
޾µѹԸıܶ飬Ǵ˾ѾȴԼ˵ʵսսнȫĨȥ
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˪ü΢壬ú˵ͷµĻظиǡ
䣬˪ûٶһ̾תȥ
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1173 µһ
ʳǱǿɱµһ󱱾һ˲˪ȷˡ
Ʈѩ˪ֱеӡ
ߣŲһ̤Ʈܿǰۻأ֣նǰŮӡ
˪񣬲ܿ⣬ԪǿƷ
ԪӰӶлУǿ죬ĿӲϾ
Կ֮սսУӰ缲磬Ʈ޶һһ⣬϶
ս룬˪ɽѩһһεܹơ
ս⣬Ԫڵ׹ԽԽʢ֮ľ
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ǿҵɱϮ˪ɫԽƽֻѩۣΪһ޴ѩһ̣ѩ£¼
ظ֮£ѩӦ飬ƾͻ赲ѩڵŮӡ
䣡
ӭϣѩУ˫ƽ𣬾ǧѩ

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˵ɫ΢䣬뵽һ˵Ŀܡ
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һģɱ˭ߴһٲﲻǽڣȫ޹˼ɣԺԥκˡ
֮ʥͣ´ܣιӥնδ˾磬ԣ⣬ֻǱ˵⡣
ԭʼħطϣµһǰ˪ſ˪롣

˪񣬹
Ʋᡣ
ϣϼڣһλòʮ߳ȻеĲɣȴѼǧ꣬ŨĻ
µһ󵱴ҹĻ֮µľߣҹҶС
ԭʼħЩˣҵʮ̫ӽΧܻ˪ʵӦ
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ҹͷĿ⿴潥µأҹҪ


1174 ҹ
µһ󣬺ҹ٣һٺУϼҹУع
䣡
¥𶯣Ŵ󿪣һĨ¸߹ڵӰ߳ĸ߹׿
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ڣˮ˱ǣǰµӰ裬̬רעĿƽ͡
⣬΢ҹ˫ŵˣûżš
þûмˮĲ֮ˡ
ԭʼħУ治ףĻĲ軨֮ܶʧļռѲɼ
֮󣬵ڣ뱭峺ƮɢƢ
ҹ롣
ڣƽ
⣬ҹԣףл
ֵȥϥϷ˪ҹǰ
ǰˮУ̲Ҷϸ
ҹ裬Ų㣬һڣϸϸƷиʿζþòɢ˲
ò衣
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ҹпܱƳ֮ˣȻ˼еݲš
ݲ֣ˡ
豭ƷһڣĬĬ˵֣
ĴڣǣݶֻԻͣΨһֻ֣µһˡ
٣ŵʱûܹϡ
Ȼ֪ҲҪѷɫһ
ˮζ೤в豭˼Ҳ֮ع顣
Ϊ飿
ԳһЦĿ⿴ǰµһƽǸһЩ£еʧ̬ˡ
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ҹû⣬ɣ֮ɫʮ£˵֮ǰлɣºеĻɱȫˡ
Ŷ
ԣ΢Уҹ˼ܹα̫𣿡
ô˵᲻ϡҹ豭ش
ҹһű˵ˡ
ЦЦĮҹܴµһΪҴ鷳ֻ˵Ǹˡ
壬ѵΪµһܸõ𣿡ҹʵ
ܡ
ֱӷϵ죬ͬƱ䣬Ըð£ҲԸνͬ󣬷۲˵ߣ̫ӻҪŶŻ鷳
ҹλʮ̫ӵĻûеҲѡɡ
ҹȻǰһ仰ұ˵ˡ
ǰӣƽµһ״һλħ֪ҽյõһ̾ͻҹ𣿡
ҹԣĬú󣬿ڵףˡ
˵꣬ҹв豭ŵȥ
ǰעǰ߱ӰµһȻɱ֯ս飬رκĶã̫Ӹպһ⣬֪µһҲҽӡ
ҹԣŲ£׿еˣڵµһûвҽӵ⡣
á
ƽҪһ˵ʳλ̫Ӿ͹ˣҲϣλٻ
ǰ߻кˣҹɫ£һʴ⡣
Ƕ𡣡
̧֣ӿУһСɽ֣˵Ŀࡣ
ҹƬ̺תȥ
µŵùˣɣᰴµһս׼ȡꡣ
䣬ǰҡҹӰУ˲Ϣʧ
ҹ뿪»ָǰ¯һ̾
飬籾飬飬ܶԿ硣
⣬ҹɫ̫Ӹκڣһֱ˯Ӱҹ˼ͷ׷Ŀ쳣

죬¹ŵأ˫ӳ£ﶯ裬һ˺˫
ս⣬˵սɫרעĿһתת
սڣɫⲽƣ֮ϵȣϾģ
һߣ磬ĽԱϣһڷʤ
֮䣬껪ɫһƬأΪƣͶ㣬
֮Դ֮ǿ󴫳еһսͻͽӭ˫˿ɫ
䣡
ƽٽ棬붯ݣನ𵴣ʥڣڣ޾´ս
֮󣬼֮˲ǿ죬ǿ졣
񣬷ƣѹӭ
ƽ˲ĿŮ
ͬһʱ䣬Уתƣг֮ǰϵȡ
췣
һƣһһȣڼ
¡
춯صĴ׺ڣУɡ
һߣУ˫붯նס
һ֮󣬰Ӱٴϣʧ绪
ϣԵٶȣ˲˺ʱգս֡
Եǿƣ֮ģ֣֮ǿ󴫳еѸ·磬һʵԾչ
䣬˫Ƶһ̣գŮĿڡ
ǰһ磬棬ս˲ֹ
սУӰԻĺѩǰŮδһ
лعɫ΢ڵˡ
ǵˣÿһΣֲʮС
ѵߺʦĴУȴʼ޷ӳеʵ
ǰŮԴˣ
һԣĺѩսת뿪
츳ԶʵܻȺţӵͬΪʦһԵڳˡ
ˡ
ɲǣڣƽ
ĲֻǣԶԶ
ĺѩƽӦеʵԶԶֹˣõʦķ˱Դӳȴʦһ롣
ٵȵȰɡ
̾Ҳ֪ʦ֮ӵгѼս˶ٿѡ
ĺѩĬƬ̺󣬵ͷ֪ҺͰѵֱܽϵǱȫΪֹ
˵꣬ĺѩûٶԣǰȥ
ջĿ⣬ǰѾͷĿø쳣
ʱ䣬Ĳˡ
ͬʱԭʼħط壬µһ󣬺µ¥£ƣһ˾ǰ¯Ʈ̣ա
Ӱս̹ǣǦˡ
𣬹µӳһ֪ĳɳڰ׺ʥ˽ӳࡣ
նҹ٣Ŀнߣãš
µƺ󣬺ýˮ£ǧꡣ


1175 ʥ
ԭʼħף˪ӳǧӣ´ҡ
ħӪǿħӿɽ
Ӫ˧ʣħһ̫ӾĿ⿴ǰһܱ˫ԽԽء
Ӫ⣬һλλ׽ʿܲ͸磬˧ػڡ
˧ʲԶģͬΰӪ䣬ңֲѹ𺳡
ӪУħʿԼͬѡܿӪʣ˲ڵ½֪ħ彫ʿҲԸǡ
ʱԶһĨ׹ٷڰɳ׺
УɫĽīУϢ
ḧӽŲϢƽͣ˲ϢӪ֮С
ȻӪħӪУȴһ˿Ӱ֮𺳡
ӪڣͣĿɨӪʣƬ̺Ŀ⣬м˧ȥ
˧ǰһ⣬һλλ׾ֵء
˧ڣɫרעؿܱãͻȻһĿ⿴ǰ֪ʱֵӡ
ʲôˣɫ£
ʥ죡
ӿڣƽ
ǰδ֮ȴڻɱɫ䱸
뺰ˣͷɣʱĿռѷա
ʥ̧֣ŽĿһ˲Žʣصɱ̱
룡
Уݾܾ֮䣬ֺ쳾
һ££һϽǹƷպħ
ѱϣʥնħӡ
ǹ˫ӣȻһǱɢݽ϶
߼䣬⡢ǹâͷת֮ܣϺ֮Σײ

ѪɽȾս£ǹֻ֮ڱѣ׶ܴ
ħ߱䣬񷣡
ŭһħεض𣬶֮ƣȻ̫ħ֮
ħƣϽǹħ죬̤ǰǹƿգƶϾΡ
ħѹʥɫ仯ָڽɷâɫ⻪ҫеߡ
֮
ɫ⻪ɢ޴âգս֣ӣٲά衣
Ȼ𣬹ŽħǹȽ棬һ˲ȣǹٽƽ
ʥ˳벽üͷ壬ָ棬Ȼǰߡ
ʽϧ費㡣
Įһвʥ콣תɫι޾ɱսÿ䡣
ɱ޿ѣ˼Ѷһھ鼱ħԪܻۣ֮밵Хڣħʶ塣
Ŀ䣬˫ǹâȻײһƺ𣬳ನУһѪɽˣشһ

ʮ⣬ӰһģһѪŻȾء
ýˡ
ನɢʥ߳죬â£ɱĿ
սֽҪʱħӪУ˧ұߵӪڣ¥ɫͻȻһĿ⿴Զ˧ʡ
ָои֣
ݳɣ¥գӿԪУһϹħӦ
ն֣¥޽Ųһ̤Ԫᣬ죬ն¡
䣡
ꪹƿգݿ֮࣬ɽƵߣ˧ǰһλλ׾ܣ׷ױ忪
ţ
˧һߣиУӪʣǰ龰¶𾪡
ķѵ˧Уɫռϳ֣һϢо
˧⣬¥ֳħꪶһԪӿԵײС
ʲôڿʵ
ռ䷨¥ɫ
ܷƿڳ
ԣ
䣬¥޽Ųһ̤Ԫ춯֮ܲϻۣ
ԶʥӪУλʥиУĿ⿴򶫷ħӪɫ
ħзʲôΪ¥޶ˣ
ɳޣһ˰ɡ޼ӿڣ
š
ɳ޵ͷӰǰħӪȥ
ħӪ˧ڣռ䷨ӡأһսܾɴꡣ
ǰʥɱն¡
ɫĽ⣬նѺΣһ̣֮ɫŭ飬һħԪ壬Ӧ顣
ħΣΪܣ£Ȼײ

һƺߣѪ꣬ʧȥ棬һˣѪӿ֮
棬ʥӽֵ¡¡˳
ѪȾŽʥüĿ⿴ǰħ̫ӣкʢ
Ա飿Сλħ̫ӵˡ
䣡
ʱʣҵ𣬾޴Ԫѹ£ҳڰռ䡣
ǣ
ռѵƬ̺ʣѺݺύһ˿˿룬ڰռ䡣
ʥɫ΢䣬Ŀ⿴Ͽգ
ôˣ˲ڣ鴫
ʱȣݵ飬ʥɫ£̤ڽһɱӿսնǰħ̫ӡ

һ͸壬ѪȾգؿڣ룬ڰռһĻӳħÿǰ
̫ӵ£
ɫ仯צѿգץǰߡ
ʥ齣ףһӭϣȻһħӪʱ
һߣԪѹӰƿն£ɸ
˫ǿйʥüͷ壬̤תŽӳ£лУˮ
ɲǼ䣬Ƚ棬нɫΪ֪
ȥȴ̫ӣ˽ᡣ
¥ĿɨԶشΣ棬˵һ䣬˫һ˲Ϣӳ
ʥ񣬲̤ͬϡ
ꪽ棬ɲʧɫλ۷ľֽ棬ʽ֮䣬ϢɢϴݻΧ
ս⣬ӰӹشԵĴ̫ԣԪ̽룬Ƭ̺ɫ䡣
٣
Զսݰȣɱ졣
ɣսʥжбȴ֮
䣡
սУɳʥ״ӽս֣ûսŲһ̤ȥ
¥ü˫ſҪ׷
Ҫ׷̫ӵ³Ųסˡ
Զڿڣص
¥Ӷ£˫ȭ߬Ƭ̺ɿ˫֣תŴ̫ȥ
鷳
˧λǰڵأһԡѪؿڲĽħ
ǿ٣ͬ췦Ψһ;
ԣڿϢ֮Դס̫һ˿
¥ޣ죬뽫̫ӵ´ħأλħʳ֣̫ӵ»һڿڣɫص
¥޿ŵϻԵĴ̫ӣĮĵԡ
˵꣬¥̧ϵ棬˫һȥ
Զϣ޼ӡɳλʥǰħӪһУй⻪
ʥĻᣬƺˡ
ħʳǣʮ̫Ӹǰһ˶ֺڰ˫ӣϲģΣķ
֪˶ãӰƽԣ֣֮վ֡
ǰӰӻ裬תߵǰĿ⿴ɱ¶
㶦֮ƽôãƾ֣ͿλħӦˡ


1176 
ԭʼħħأ֮ʣչᣬٶȣת֮䣬ңԶ
˻ħ˫ȻһʵϢХڣ˵ѹϯ
ôˣ
ԶħиУɫص
ˡ
˻ħʳ
ţ
ħԣɫ£Ŀ⿴Զ¥ޣȻˡ
ûãʣԪգΣħء
λħʡ
¥޹ɫĮ
˻ħʿ¥ǰ棬ɫһһ˲ǰ
ӭĿֲѹ޿˵¥ʶ˺벽ȫ䱸
˻ħûᣬĿ⿴ǰشԵĵӣɫ쳣
̧ħԪۣ˻ħʴ߶һΪۻƥڣΪ
ô£
󷽣ħǰ¥ޣʵ
һλֳִɱ̫ӣʱ̫ش¥޵
֣
ħԣüͷʲôˣݺܿ𣿡

¥޲ĵʽ죬ҲδӦòϤ塣
ħʵͷûٶʣڶ࣬ûõҪ׷ֵݣʵס
սҪȻȥɡħƽ
ˡ
¥޵Ӧһ˫һȥ
ħأħ˻ħʴ߶һħȫΪˡ
٣ɢûϢ棬ԪҲɢȥ췦
һԣħʾĵȴ
֮󣬰˻ħ֣صɫû˿仯
Σ
ħ
ܲá
˻ħʳƻ̫أһɢҪ

ħüԭʼħΨһϹ֮ʱѱķ£ȥѰҩҲˡ
һ
˻ħĿ⿴ʳǷ򣬳ˣɱκδҩ
ħһ¶֮ɫƬָ̺ħ֮ʣóнħˣãô͵ǰȨͳ顣
кβ𣿡
˻ħɫĿģΪ̳ȨͳֻǰһЩʱնѡ
ǿԣǣôĺ𣿡
ħɫصȻΪ̫ӣż̳дͳȨǣ֮УϾλ̫ӣǵλ棬˿̶ûˣضʮǿҲĴ廢ٷң롣
ڣ˭Σ
˻ħĿ⿴ʳǣɱ¶߻֣ѾٶȰΨһķΪ˸᲻ӡ
ħ̾һ壬治֮٣ܿҪ飬ʳ֮ң޿ɱ⡣
ʳǣܲյ죬ʳǵձѹ쳣
̫Ӹսܱأڣ忴ǰߴܱɫԽԽء
̫̣˴Σ
£˺£
·ҫѩǰ߱仯飬
ֽܱݳɫصԼɡ
ҫѩǰӹܱ֮ɫɫһϲأЦʧ¿ܿǺΪ
ϣҪ̫ˣʮ
¼ȻǱ̫Ϊֱضʮֻǣ벻׵ǣʮкĸ֣ħӪУ¥޺λ˲ǿߣҪ֪ش棬¡
¿ɻǵλŮӡ
ҫѩԣڵ»ɣ֮˺ܿҲǿߡ
ԣ壬ʮѿʼǿߺ
Ӧ֪Ⲣһǵѡһ౩¶ӵеһжữΪĭڡ
ʮ̫ڻĸ̫Ӻ͵Ϊͳʮ̫ѡҲǲܡ
ҫѩ侲£̫̻ǰ⵹ʮ̫ӵһûᣬֻҪǽʮ̫ӹ֮±ǽƣһʮ̫ӳʧ֮ף̫һʮа˾Ҳᱻᵽʮ̫ͷϣʱֻҪڴȷʮ̫ıͬʵּ
Ĭ濼ǰߵĽ顣
ͬʱʮ̫ӸǰӰڵ֪ս󣬱ĵصȴλħʵķӦ
µһʵ鴫¥޺ڵı´ɱ̫ӣһܹ
ϧ̫ûеȥʵЩź
ƣλħԳ֣ɣһλ֮ˣȻʵǿߣҲô
ʮ£𣿡
ڣҡһĨõӰ֣ʵ
š
ǰͷһȥҹɷġ
µŵù
ϣҹƽ£ǷԿһ֮£
ףŵӰ΢䣬һģ̫ӻˡ
ţ
ҹԣüͷ𣬵٣ҩɾȣΪλдԣ
ЦЦתӿķƣƽֱѣôĶֲҲʶ٣̫ĻҲ̫ȡ
ҹüǰߵ˵ʲô
ڸ֮ʱʳϿգħƻۣһݵĿֲѹ٣ħ𾪡
ˡ
ʮ̫Ӹ̧ͷĿ⿴ʣɫ¡
֮ϣһصĸߴӰ֣ħӿѹ·ɽѹ£ʳǶʼ
ħʳУ¶𾪣Ŀ׷׿ʡ
䣡
״һУ˻ħʴ֮ϣħΪʮء
߽٣ʳϿգϺɫϢڣĪ⣬ȸֻħһˣ޿ɲȡ
Ի֮£ʵΣʳУĿ˭֪˻ħҪʲô
ʮ̫Ӹʾй⻪ˣİֱʹã۵һ̶ȣܷӳ
ûв´˻ħʽҪ£ħһĴ𶯡
ʳϿգ˻ħǰ֣֮һѪĿ쳣
ѵǣ
̫Ӹ״¶𺳣ܣ˻ħʷ
䣡
ʣһһ£˻ħһͺȣ̧ԪħӿΧϺɫ˴ʢʵΣԴԴûǰڡ
壬Ϣ̱仯һݵǿʣ롣
һ̣ڣ߳Ŀ⿴ϿգһĨɫ


1177 
ħʳǣ˻Ľ޾˻Σڣ˼䡣
˻ħħʵѹĿУ̫ܣ˷ԴԴûڡ
֮٣𶯣ʳ⣬һλλǿĿ⿴ʣ¶𺳡
̫ӵ£ĪҪ嶯
̫Ӹҫѩסŭĵ̫ӣڳȥ͵λħʽòʧ
ѹг嶯Ŀ⿴ʣŭڡ
ˣܹã˻ħʴ˾٣ħʵ̬ȣʵ̫
䣡
죬֮ϣХ죬ҪתĻ̫ӡ
ħ˱䣬Ǭ
˻ħ̧֣ħԪɢΪϿգ赲׽ٽ
Ǭ¡¡쳹ʳǾͬܲ
ϣ壬̫Х죬Ϻɫƣֻ֮
ʮ̫Ӹʣüͷ壬֮ף
̫Ϊڣǽʵ֮ļƻǲ
ͬʱĿϿյľвȴûгֹ
ˣ쳣֣Щ˱ɢ̫ϧ
䣡
ʳϿգ٣һɹؼ䣬翣Ϲ֮˼䡣
ɹУĽǹꪣ趯طƣͬʱն¡
𣬴̫Ͽգħϱ飬ɽӰ£ǿ֮ħ
˻ħʼ״һȣ˫΢̧񱩵ħӿʮСͬʱԻѹɽ
ħսǿҡʮСУɽʩΪٵأ쳹˷ǿһС硣
ħ˻ħӡ
ۼƾˣ˻ħħ֮ʽ˫˻˷һħӡԻħһ
â̫֮ӡ˻ħӡ˼䣬ֲѹӣʳϿգħ硣
޴ħӡϣһħӰֳָ֣ʽħĴɽ
ħˣ̣ħײҵನǧټǵħӰѸʧɢħУħƿգһλɽӦħꪹ壬ħʢ
飬ɽ壬ɢΧؼ䣬ħӰ٣ɢ
ħӡʧħӰٶȳ֣޾Χɽ
飡
һһλɽսαɢʧ֮䡣
һħһɣħ£ħɣĴɽʧûз̫ನ
ɽսʣһɹУϼһصľ޴Ӱ֣һ̤䣬·ħ˲ɢΡ
޴飬ߣֲǳԽ߾ֱƻʵ
˻ħɫأһ̤Уħƾն֣顣
ħȻıƴ˭֣ΧħϢ𵴣һȦȦ𵴣֮վ٣Ϊޡ
ħһ̣ϣ̫ϺɫƣԽԽʢʥһᴩۿɼٶѸ޸ܣʤǰ
ʳ⣬ŻʳϿյľɫ죬򼤶ŭȻľΣڰ˻ħ֮ʱûκ˸վԡ
ԭʼħңԶطϣҹնĿ⿴ħʳǷ¶ɫ
˻ħʾħһΪλ̫˾٣ʽλ̫ӵǿҲ
һħδ飬ڣͿħǺ̬ˡ
಻Զڣһ׳ͷڰɳӾĿ⿴Զɱ
콣£δйڣһΣҲԲ⡣
֣ʥֽ߳ħʳȥ
ڲʱ򡣡
طϣҹڣƽ
֪
ʥ쵭Ӧһ䣬ͷҲûأȥ
ħʳǣħʿ죬ħԿ񽫣춯صĴԾܸܵǿµĲ
죬񽫣ĪУԽʱյĶԾһؾ٣﷽Բޡ
˻ħһѺ۳֣Ѫ׶ܴ
۾񽫣۱ħһȭ飬ɢû֮С
֮սʵǿѹ񽫰ʮУħһȭħ壬ǿɢ񽫡
ʧħʣһŭȭۿħܣһȭɹ
һ޴ȭʣһݵħȻײɹ֮ϣǶݵľţ˲Ϣ󣬺˵ĴʮӦ޴ĺڶ֣ΧһС
ɹ٣·ħɢΣ˻ħ֮ϣһϢ࣬ǰʢ
ǰܣӰȸ䡢׻̳֣֮˵ԶԶԽ˼ɵ
ħˣʮأ۷壬ãתֻŹصٶ˻
һһʳǣĿڴƾһǿȸʤǰ
죬̫˺󣬻ԴԴûڣʵ֮ǰѹء
˻ģˡ
ʱһϵ𣬴ʳǣ

ʣ˻ħɫ£ʵûڣ׼һٳƻʵǵ
Ĳ󣬿ɱ
һֲ̣ħֱ֮ϣ̧һָ졣
ĳ֣۶ɵ̱һһڳ롣
ģˣβԹֵۣλʵ𡣡
䣬ԻȻɢΧӿħУħ߳ħһľߡ
ʵô֤á
ϣĿڣǽ֤֮ԭʼħУѻ߱ء
Թô֪ʮλӻŮУΪʼߵһˣУӸħɫ
أɫ
һΪԼмʤ㣿
ħӦһ䣬̧붯ʡ
ͬһʱ䣬˻ħӰʮСɢǿħء
ʶţһʱ쳣սһ
֮սʱʣڱգһ̣һɼδѪӦѪȾ˼䡣
֮ףʹһƺߣֱֱȥ
棡
˻ħɫ䣬Ӱ̧ץ׹档
ϣħɫͬ仯Ŀ⿴ƣղŵӺζ
֮ϣʧƾնƾնš
ʮ̫ӸǣһĨѪ£ѣɳġ
ɳ
С«ɳҧϸ۵ָԼѪιǰ߿С
ˣû£õġ
С«Դƣ
ȻڵܹõҺ滹ûлָʶ򣬽֮ͿҪ


1178 ʥ
ʳǣ֮ʣͻ̫ѪӰ׹
һĻ𾪣֪δشħ̫ӣʵ֮·Ȼֹ
˻ħŭӰӳס׹棬ʶɨʳǣѰ֡
ϣĿ⿴ǰüͷ壬жٲ³Щʲô
ħ̧ͷش֮ʱƺһɼصг֣һš
Ǻڰг֣õʲô
ֲħץͷ
ۼٶشûٳ֣Ӱȥػؾ
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ħ˵һ䣬Ӱգʧ
Զ˻ħʶִش棬תȥ
ʳϿգλħ뿪ս޸ָƽ
⣬ջĿ⣬ڣų֮ˣʲôλħƤش̫ӡ
̫Ӹǰ˼תɫԽԽ
̫ӳ֮ˣûв´пʮ
Ψ˵Ŀ⣬֪شһλڵĻ̫ӡ
û뵽ʮҵ᪻Ƶõ˴˵е
Ϊճͷ󻼡
Ψһ΢İǣ̫ӾһѣʵʧܣͬʱԭʼħͷϵĲҪͳҪ谭ᱶ
һΣʮľٶǰһæ
ħأħӿס˻λħʻع飬Ϣѹ֣صԴϢ
˻ħǰ̫Ѵ룬䲻ȴؼʱ̳׶ȥʵϣ
ʳ֮У۷벽ʵǿߣ򣬲Ƥ£شˡħʿڣ
ˡ
˻ħɫ쳣ֻ˵ģȴС֮û֣ǹΪΣħһĹ
ħʵͷĿ⿴ʳǷ򣬵¶֮ˣֻ˭֡
˻ħɫ£˳ʳеİףΪӦûвóİǿߡ
Ҳá
ħףȻ鲻ûôһҲࡣ
ʳǣʮ̫ӸڣڵУϢרˡ
ɣͬСɣܼʱѹƣһƱϡ
һһҹû뿪벽Уħӿ޸塣
ɽشľ飬ѺԽԽԣȻ˳ܼޣʱпܻȥ
ڶϦ֮ʱڣ˫ۣһħѸ
ϣռζС«֣ǰߣĵɳû°ɣ
޴󰭡
ЦЦĿ⿴⣬֪Ѿôãķɣʵˡ
Σްɣ
ʱڣħӿһĨ϶ְӰ֣Ź֮
ع񣬿ǰˣһ񣬵ͷʦģӺöˡ
ĵԽԽˣ׺Ͱ˻ǰҲҳ֣Ͳ±𣿡
ǰ˻ħΥħһѵöˣΪֻǸԼȡһƽȵľѡ
ôںǸλ𣬻ʵֻһ·ߣαԼۻ̶С̾
ĬûлشȷںλãǣҲκһλħ̫˳õħһˡ
úϢɣЩӣʳǲ̫ԼСһЩ
һ䣬ûٶħӰʧ
񣬹ͱ

ʱ⣬һӰ֣սܱ
ԣ𣬻ǰеܱ֮֮ħڣܱΪҽ
°ɡ
ǡ
ӰӰȥ̫Ӹʧ
ߵǰսɫ
ʥ¥޺治ڵʱ򣬰ϮħӪشħʧ룬һ֮䣬ǧ
ʥʵʵĴһأʥֻһλʵǿߣʥսħ
ӹ֮ɳ޵һǿƥѲѰǿӵС
ţλ֮޼ӵʵѷڵ֮ǿ֪ӵʥǶô¡
ʥǿħһҪս˴սʧʳﶨȻӣܺ棬λħʻɺǰȥ
˲Уޡ¥ޡڡǬѳа޺¥޶ʵǰľǿߣڳ֣ڴֲ̫ĸı䡣
ڣһֱƺ˼ʵĿ˵״治ڶ֪Ϊ󵨡
£
ʱһλ첽
ʲôˣ
üʵ
һλ쳯ӣƻʳˡ
ʵ
ţ
ԣɫڵ롣
ǣ
ת뿪
ûãУһλ׳ͷڰɳһµϢȻȥǿ˼ɵ
УһںɫŽڣ治֣ȴɾ
ˣɫ£ǿĽߣ
µһ󶫾ʥ죬ʮ¡
ʥҽܵ
һᡣ
ƽ֪ǰΪ£
ҹĽףǸִ֮ˣΪδ񡣡ʥش
΢Уڴ̫ħأҪ񣿡
ȡ
ʥ쵭Զ𣿡
ЦЦȷԶħأʱҲʳڵҪ֤ԼᱻЩѲأ
ǵµĵطص»кܶ취ڸ١ʥ˿ĵ
ǿԣ̫ΪҪðգ
ɫĮµһֻǽǮĽף֮⣬ûκΪҸðհ𣿡
Ȼǽף㲻õ³ԿֻҪ¿ڸ٣̫֮ǰ͸һĻᣬȻĿѶȲ̫ܳӡʥƽ
ɽ
̬˲䣬¶΢Ц̫ӸɣԺ᷿еǷ䣬ؿǰȥѡһ䣬ұ֤κ˴ŵϢ
л
ʥͷֱӳԺȥ
ǰ뿪ıӰһĨĻȣ㲻һһ
ʥ췽֮ԣ͵Ŀ꣬ѶȲ̫ܳӣ˼Ѻԡ
ʳУɱ֮˱λ̫ӣȻʥ첻Ըһλ̫ӳ֣Ǳһ׵Ŀꡣ
ʣϦ価£̫Ӹµһ˼һ顣


1179 ʵ֮ս
½ǧǧ̳䣬壬һƵĻ壬סơ䣬ݰ֮ϣʮ˸ҷ
ʥģǧ̳һɳľ޴̨̳ܣȼ𣬻졣
̳ϣһɫȹʥŮ羪裬Ȼˣ¡
Ůģϣǧ֮ˣȻʣҲֹһ̾ʵľˡ
Ȼԭʼħս½ң֮Уţûʱɳá
һµһ˳ҰΪһޣΪս֮ϣʣΨоԵʵǻȥΨһı֤
̳ϣ趯Ů⻪ԽԽ⻪ɢڰΪ˼޾Ĺ
Ů裬ʥظǧǧ̳ϣɫգ˷ϳ̳ķۡ
춯֮½ϣʮǿĿ⿴ʥģ¶֮ɫ
ˣ˺£ѵҪµĻ
֮䣬ԽԽԣ̱½󣬶Уķ½ǿҲܵңԶľ䣬׷ĿԶ鿴Եɡ
½ɽۣ֮֮侲ϣĿ⿴ű壬¶ɫ
λʲôھ뽻ʵ֮λ
ԭʼħ壬ħһ⣬κһ˶һλµĻʵΨеΪۣټϻ˼ӳ֣һ̳ߴƻʵݣɵĿܽʵ֮λȥ
ΪôżлλȻλŮɹƻʵݣҪʱȹ̹λħĹؼʱ̣ÿһλսҪʴ˾٣˵ʵܸ֮֡
ħԲŹشĻᣬһλʧȥʵλĹʺһλ֤ŮǾԲܵκһλħߡ
ʥ򶥷壬̫ǰƽʨ֮˫ۣһҵĹâȣʥ
ʥʮصλۣĿԶ򱱷
ó׼սҪʼˡ
ʥ֮£쳹ʮ
ǡ
֮Ӧ
ʯ壬ɽϣʯĿ⿴űɫԽ
ôĶҪʲôλҪǰս
¸Ϊ֮֮ʱԭʼħħλħ˫ۣɫ쳣
ѹͬͣԭλдлλĴ㡣˻ħ
ħ֣֮ħһʵٳûлʵλʵô㡣ħЦ
̣ǳ֣
˻ħʿڵǩкƽЭ飬ڳ֣ɱţܳû״ݻ壬Ҳֵá
䡣
ħλ㴫йλһٽǻ
˻ħʵͷϢٶԡ
ʮ̫Ӹڣϼƣϵѿµĺۼ֮ʣнľľͷ
ʮ¡
߿ڣƣ񼴽ɣĪҪԼĳŵ
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ףɢȥ뿪
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ʣϼɫ˻۶ɵƷγһ﷽ԲĴУУǧƿն¡
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룬ȻԪѪݽߣϣɲ¡
ʱ̧֣ʱ޾Уģ򿪻ʵ֮·
ʵ壬ϼҫĿһɿֲգǿʣ˼䡣
䣡
һ̨̣УԻͥظһһصĹ磬ǰδ˼ʡ
̨ϣȣʵˣһɫƥ֣硣
ʵ֮ײܼ֮ɢʥУһ̳ѳನ̱١
ϣʵλУѹԽϣ·ʱ
·һϢԽǿԼ֮䣬ÿʵ
ؼʱ̣֮ϣħѹʮСƾնֱ֣Ӻϵߡ

⧲һܲǿеУһƺߣȾ죬
˻ħʣ㣬壡
ʮ⣬סΣĿ⿴ǰӰŭ
ţʳϣ壬֮ԣ
˻ħ
յѡ񣬺һ
˵һ䣬ŭȥйһ٣̼䣬ƿɿ졣
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˻ħߣ̧һСƿն
ʵײ˵ĳɢϿգһձ٣ظֱĩյĿ־塣
ʼ״һ̤γ𣬳ңԶǿշȥ
ӵ𣿡
˻ħһӰѸ׷ȥ
쾡ͷ߿ϣλʵǿնޱȿֲϢԶԶԽκľͷ쳾֮ɣѹ򷨵Ĵڣʱ꣬״ԡ
ڣѪ˥ܵ£һʵϢҲҲеĽ˿١
Ի͵һʲ֣ɡ
˵䣬˻ħ˫ֿϣԺĵϢڣʱǳҡ׷׹¡
ǳɫ˿⣬ڣֱһſŽĴǡ
ನ𵴣Ŀһ˲˻ħȭ£ǳۻҡ
ʲֿ̧סǰֱۣ£ƺ
䣡
˻ħʼ״ȭӭϣֲ֮Ӳֲ·硣
죬ħ
һ̣ʿɲǣϣ׹ʢǰħߡ
Σ˻ħһ˫ֽϣӲס
ħ岻֮ħ֮ҵУ˻ħʽ˰벽ɢħԪֱһȭ
飡
ʺȣо˫۶ʱһ飬ηɳ졣
ʣˣѪΪ꣬һսʤ㣡
У˻ħʻɢȥྡྷĿ⿴ǰشĻߣ
аħȻҲҪͬ޼䡣
䣬Ѫɫ׹ⱼڣֲϢػ۷֮
˻ħüͷ壬Ȼ
ħ˱䣬Ǭ
Ϊ䣬˻ħʲԸϣһȣħ죬ħ֣˱֮ħֺ쳾
ħ֣֮й⻪ʢޡ
ħű䣬ڵȵһУ


1180 ħһ
ʥأ̳Ů֤ش֣ͬ˼ߡ
ƵˣӲ֮
ͬʱǿ֮ϣ֮սԽȡ
年ʣһȾѪԪͷѪݰܣΨһս⣬ޣ֧Ż۷塣
ǿն棬ħħ˱䣬ʵ֮䣬춯ض
˻ħֲ࣬ӿԽصӲΧǿգ
ȵľڡ
ܻʱǰһȣѪȼɢѪȾǳѪУɫ俪ʱգϹħ֮
ľʹȱ飬һ֣ǽǵУ
֣òҲѸٷ仯˥ܵľ괺ػһ۷̡֮
׵ò뵱ŮƣȴǶֱòֻٶȱ仯
ڵĽɫУ̳棬·ֻΧǿձ㿪ʼѣѳо
ȫۣʵȱʽŲһ̤˲Ϣʧٳ֣ħǰ
ƿնƿħֱֱħؿڡ
ͬһʱ䣬ħȭ£֮ܣһſǳǰߡ
߶Ծһ̣ӰͻȻ˫֣һһʵѱα
ħ΢ȭƱ仯ħԪٴߣɨǧ
֮ת֮䣬ȭɨӰȴٶʧ˫һƾճħؿڡ
Żӡ
ϼޣħ֮г󣬾޴â֣֮˲Ϣӡʧħ֮֮С
ƣ
һȣУЯħ֮ƿն̶쳹ǿգɲǣħ֮ǰһڽɫ⻪ֱֱ롣

壬˻ħʹƺһħҷӿɢ
ͻȻ仯ԭʼħһǿյĿ⣬֮ɫ
ħ֮мɹ̧סɻصħ֮趯ףһ̤
Ƴǣ
磬Ʈ裬޾Ľ˷۶Х죬ƿն¡
׼ʱһħǿϣһȼ¯춯֮ܣǻʣײǰħ
ô𣡡
Σ̣֮˻ħڣһԺĵѸٸգһ̣ħǰһöɫľӡ֣Ȼһħ
ţħȭһȭǿƻС
̧֣ӭϣ¡Ӱ˳
εѪȾȹ⣬סΣ绪Ȼݣȴĵľ˼䡣
ʥأ̳ϣ˫Ŀ⿴ǿеĴսˮƶȻʵλ֮ǰŴ粻ԽʱԮ
Զԭʼħʮ̫ӸǰĿעǿϵĻ֮սɫ쳣
һսΣļƻҪ
ħ˼ɵĵطڻʵǿߵһħʱͷħһһλħʣȻʧȥµʵ
ʱħֽ֮չֹܹ
ԣʾԲװ٣ҲҪһλħͬھ
սпᣬݲƣʱȻѾµȴӦΪףΨһпܴħİ취
ħأħƣħնǿյĿ⡣
̫ԾԹڵܽ˻شˣбʲô⡣
ǿս֣˻Σ̣֮ħӡ֣޵ĻԻܣϣѺ۳֣һ֮Ի֮ס
֮սʽش֮Խ΢棬˻ħܴͬᣬؿǰɫħ֮ӣʳħ
ǧѼĻսλʵΪԴޣħԪԪȼգĿĹ⻪ǿһΪϻײ
ս񣬹ڵѲд޼Ѫ£ķ绪ҫۣ𺳡
ħӡ
Ԫ֮ɫ˻ԪֻѪ죬㲢һУתһգıκʱ塣
ʯ֮Уư羪ˣǿ֮ϣһХ쳹ѪӿգΪһ޴ӡӡɳǿϣ쳣
֣һѸ˿仯ŵĻɫҲʧȥ˹ʡ
ħ֮˻ħʲҴ⣬һŭȣħԪۣ˫֮ϣֱӵ׹µĲ
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ɽѪȾǿգ˻ħ˫磬Ѫˮ£֮

ͻȻɹƿնֱֱûħؿڡ
˻ħʽˣͷǰụ̂һȣȻһǿħʥ
ʥƬǿнħۣܴ֮ɡ
ǿϣʿǰشħߣһĨ
գδܽλħ޼䡣
ʱ֮ȼ棬ɻ֮
ʦ𣡡
ʥأ̨ϣһһ˳죬ǿ𿪾Ÿѹһֱ̤ǿա
ǿϣ˻ħʸܵ·ٿǿϢüͷǿѹһصƣٶӰսȥ
˻ħʷ뿪·ĸһƵǿ쳣Ϣǿնҡ
ʦ𡣡
Ŀǰһʦˮƣһε
֮Уƣ¶һĨº͵΢ЦӴԺ֮ʣδ㽻ˡ
䣬Ѹٱ֮ȫɣعء
ǿϣĿùһ˺Ѱʹһһ²
ʳǣʮ̫ӸڣϼۣһĨӰ߲߳˼־ԻĿ⿴ŵǰˣ¶Ǹ£ǸǱʳˡ
ǰתŵڹʲл꣬¶⣬ӦǰѾʣµĽɡ
ͷڵΪȻģѾ֤ʮ׺Ҳ̫ģħһǿ󣬳һѣܳһ
ףƽǰģĹȻֻܴԻͣڹǰĵģħһ巢ѣӲ
ˣʱܰˡ
˵꣬黯ǹɢʧ֮䡣
͹ǰ
񣬹ͱߡ
ħأħӿһشİ˻ħ߻أ˫ۣδָܻǰǰʵֹħ֮
ħʼ״һǰ̧Ԫǰڡ
ħ֮սվħһɣ᫵ħ֮·΢


1181 ´
½ʥأʮλ׺̳ǰװݼ»ʡ
̨ϣƣ޾ڣŮľһڡ
УŮ֤ɾλ̥ǵģнʮ׺ǰС

ĿڣƽȴŲݶҡļᶨħ֮ս̡

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պʥر߾ʮƺƵΣ֮½
ʥģ̳ϣû
ͬʱʥʥ֮ȫʥٶᣬǰԭʼħս
ʥ̫֮ǰƽʨʥأĿ⿴Զսսһսԭʼħδ
սôԣ
½ɽϣ֮侲һŰսҴۣ󷽣ǿλ
ǳˡ
俪ڣ
ǣ
񽫹ȥ
붯Ϸ壬ʯ壬ۻʡʯͬʱжսһħۣ֮װȻ
ԭʼħħأƣ·ħһڣȫ˻ħˡ
ħ֮սԤϣ˻ħ˫۴ɫڣĪϲʳħڵ
˻ħǰ˿ڴ˿ʼ޷ԭ˫ħ壬һ̣Ҳ
գƲתħ֣ɫ쳣
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ħʿڣƻָٶȣٹ꣬ҲȬ
˻ħ˫ۣɫƣˣû뵽֮ʣµ
һ㣬ʼղ빴ս֮ʱʼռݾƣΪλͻȻ·硣ħʲ
˻ħʳĬúЩȷ£ʣλʵʽ׽͸ǰδʩչħű֮ʱӦ֮У·׼ãרſħ֮䡣
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Ӧĺ̸
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ħʳ֮ʣϾܿĿħű䣬ʵϿܲǰ֮սһλ;ƿݵ֮ʲܽ˵ز
˻ħüʵˣǾǱˡ
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˻ħʿڣ᲻̸֮£йᣬǰ£ܽͨˡ
ħԣĬ˼ãҡͷԲʮħĵλûбҪ£ħ̫ӣħһûκκô
˻ħ룬Ҳ˵ͷԵȷСΪĵĵӣħ壬òʧ

ʱУһӿħڣʹ֣ǰߴϢһͬѣϱĵ߾ʧأΨжϷʱܳų֡
ס˻λħԣɫһվˡ
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ŵˣһߣһ׳ͷڰɳķΣݡ
µһ󶫾ʥ죬һˣʵɲ⡣
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һ̣˫棬춯صĴײУһ죬ħӦϣʥвұϣѪɽһܴ
Ͻأ䣬裬ʳǶ֮
Ľԣƿ谭ֱ˻Իͣ
ףҫ۵Ĺ⻪ɫƽ
ߵˮԻ͵һ·δ꣬չΪʱˡ


1182 ħ
ԭʼħ巽սս죬
ʮ׺Яʮ֮ƣ𺳱ħؾ
ħǰնĿעǰʮ׺ɫ쳣
ʣʵ䳹׼ŭ壬սݡ
ԣǬžƮɣ嵭£
ְɡ
տһԵİ˲ڣڵ
ǬŵͷӰʡ
һ̣ɻƮ㣬ۺĻӣʮǧ֮ǰδ
Ǭų֣ڱսǰһλλʿŵ㣬ٸԪֱֱ׹
ж
ʮ׺У׺ԣ˻֮ܣʱ»赲ڴеӡ
ѩ
裬׺Ŀ⿴һԵĺ׺󣬳ȵ
ѩ׺ףкɫʣһӹѩ衣
֮ƿն֮ɻ⣬Ҳɢ
ĺɫ֮ϣǬż״üͷ塣
ʮ׺Ϊ죬治öԸ
ɱλѩ׺󣡡Ǭſڣ
ħǰɫص˵ͷҲóλѩ׺ǬŵƣܳǬŵĶʩչ
ʹ󣡡տڣ
ǡ
£ħУŵǿӰ󣬿ֲħӣڰ٣ս
ԣ
ʮ׺Ŀ⿴ʣɫ仯
ڰսУһ˿⻪ħǰת֮䣬ʮ׺֮ǰ
ħԪۣƾ죬ȫһƣֱֱѩ׺
ΣϮѩ׺кɫʶƽɲǣֻһɰľ˲
ɽѪȾ쳤ѩ׺סΣδüѹƣ֮ٶ
һ̣һĨӰ׺ǰ֮ܣȻӲħ
춯һײ׺˰벽֮ƴ
ħ壬˫ʵѷҺλħеĴǿߣȻһΪȴͬﵽһ˵ĵزʵ֮£֡
֣
һн棬Ϊ֪׺ûдһӰǰħ
Զѩ׺ѹӿѪŲֽ̤
λ׺֣ս̰ȻڰռڣǬնз䣬ϢսָӶȥ
ϢУ֣ǧټǵĽʿжʧ֮꣬ϡ
Ըˡ
׺λ׺һ̤ʡ
Ⱦλ׺Ŀ⿴ϵʹӰˡ
սȫ濪ڰսУԱԽչΪ
ڱսȫ濪սʱĿսʥǿƷѣǧħؾӦУս
޼ӣɳΪףʥλУʥʮ󣬹Զơ
ħӪУ¥޿Žڽڰ˵Ĵ֮ɫ
ȻħһʤǰںǣôѹŴʵˬ
ٵˣְɣ
һԣڿڣɫص
֣ô֣˵ƴ㲻Գ֣᲻㡣¥޵
ԣɫѿ˲У¥֮ܿˣúΪħһԼ޿ܡ
ʱʥڣɳޡ޼߳ǰħеλ˲ڣûٵ飬Ӱӳˡ
鷳
λʥ¥֮ɫ˫չӭȥ
¡һ˾¥ޣʥ޼ǿƽ棬ԺȭͷྡྷХڣʮ֮ڣռ価ޡ
ѪǣѸٱûħʿʥǿ£Ժ޵ֿ֮׷ױ
һ֮ɳɱ˵ڣͶ㣬ˡ
н棬ƾԣۼȾѪϦ֮䡣

ʱؼ䣬ͻȻһöȪˣڴÿһС
˾ȣսڡ¥ͬʱɫ
ޣ
׵ͻ޼ӣɳͬʱɫȫ䱸
ˣ
öֻǣһΣȴǶ仯ɱҡ
飡
ʥУһλʥױը˵һĻڳˡ
һը󣬽ţڶʮѪ꣬
ɳޣҳ
սУ޼ɨս
ף
Զɳ޵ͷ˫ֲϣʱԻ˼䣬ҫ۵Ľ⼱糯ķӿ
֣֮Դսġ
࣬ࡢࡢ࣬࣬࣬


1183 ޳
ԭʼħսħ֣ս˲仯
̱ʥʿѪȾգֻħٵĽޣһ˸ıս
Ʋɳ޷ǰڣһȣҫ˼䡣
սдdݺύ䣬֯һׯϷ񣬻ĿŭĿգ࣬仯ǧ
֣սУһλλħ彫ʿٸһӣԶ
Զս֣֮޼ǰ¥޿ƶķɫ¡
ʥ֮ǷĦתʶ˫֮ӽʵ֮ˣʵΪǿ
Ըٱת¥ޱ˫һ𣬿ŭ籩УһϹħӦɲǼ䣬Ԫ忪һ磬˫˼䡣
һ̤Ӱ˲ʧ¥޼ɳޣҪնɱĦ¡
Ķᣡ
սֶ棬޼Ӱͬʱӳٵ¥ǰ˫ֿϣһſŴǻӰ֣˲Ϣ󣬱ը
ȺǴըǰ¥ӭϣӲǳը֮
֮쳹磬ֲĳɢƽһз
¥裬Զɳ⻪ʤ缱ӣѰħټ
սУԽԽأ·ںХضʼζ
սָʥʿԽԽ࣬ħ壬һѪؼʢļ¡
ʱľ棬ħ໤ײɳʶȫѰħԴ
Զʣռ󷨺һĨõӰնֳãÿһβķѱ淽λ
޾չħײϷ磬ҵ𣬷ģɳ˫ۣɫĹ⻪ţҫۡ
ֻأ
ķħԴʵѱ棬ɳûκγɣ˫ֺϲǺ˫𣬿ֲͬʱķ

ֻؽ٣ռ󷨺󣬽ɫ΢òħ絴Ļ
ħ棬㣬ֻ֮£ħѸѵֻ֮
ռ󷨺ನӰܿྡྷ
ҵˣ
ģɳ˫⻪ʢĿ⿴ԶӰʧ˲Ϣ䣬ռǰ
ֻ֣ɳУСѹǰռ󷨡
ħԪӿȫۡ
ڷħٶȽ̣֮Хһ޴צƿն£ץ
ɳްףĿ⿴ʣתֻ죬Ӳצ
ԪײֻƲɵֱɰ˲ڡ
ʣѪ£شϼˣۼѴ롣
ȻƬ̵赲ռ󷨺󣬽Ӱʧ֪١
ɳüһȭǰռ󷨣ʶɨռתһȥ
ڣصħԽԽǿʥʿԽԽ࣬ϣӰ׹䣬֮ϡ
սֽţݵ֣УзԷħ޶ȵħܡ
ͬʱɳԪעǿһȭһռ󷨡
ռ󷨺׼Ľһ뿪ܿ߹
ɳɫ仯Ŀƹλռ󷨣˫ֲϣһСԻ˫֮УֻأٶС
޾ķڷбֻ֮ۻһΪԶռ󷨡
ĿУֻײϿռ󷨣Ƭ̣谭ɢռ
Ĵ󷨱٣ڣ޲֮أӰԻ
ƽòͷжǣмأ˲ħʱʮأٶȳǰ
棬ɳնǰӣ˫΢΢һλ˲ڣħĵ̣ʵ𾪣Ѿλ˲ڣħλ֣κһ嵥ħ壬ûаʤ㡣
Ҳɣ
ͻٶȹɽɳ޿ʥصӰڵ
䣬ʥڣӰӳͬλʥַ·
ʥʮһλ֣ս֣¥ޡޡɫ䣬Ŀ⿴վλľλɫ쳣
鷳ˣһսʥбҪһ򾡡
¥ޣ·ˣ
սУһƽսףòʵĵ֮޼Ӱ𣬿Ȼʵϣη
¥ȭգ֮ɫսԪӿƿն¡
ս𣬴ǳλǿӰּ䣬𶯣֡
¥ޱһս֣֮һ˶Խ޺شڣͶ㣬⺳񷣬ѹˡ
ս⣬λʥֽ󣬷ռԽأϣһ⻪ҫطӡΧء
ãʱģɳ˫ֺʮʱ޾ķ̼䣬ܣоɫս־û
Ħ
֣Уλ˵ķ羪κ˰㱼ڶֱûǰλ˲ڡ
֮սϣħʿʥ¶֮ɫ
ڡޣ
ԶսУ¥޸ܵ󷽱Ŀֲɫ䡣
Ȼڣ޻ӦɫķУλ˲ɣʧ١
֮ɳ˫۱պϣѪ£ȻʩչмĦתķӣҲȫܡ
޼ӣ¥޾ͽˡ
ʱľɳƣ˵һ䣬֮ϣʼϢ
Զ޼ӵͷɫصؿǰҲǿһλ˲ڣ֣˫գſž޴ǳʡ
飬֮޼˫̧Ѫ֮˻ǳ֮ܣǰ
ն
ǿǳ֮Ϯ¥оɫսꪻ裬һ
䣡
ֲĴըħսƿһſŴǣھſŴ£սһ˿ľȻײ

һƺߣ쳹ս֣¥˫ۣѪɽǳ֮޿赲ش
˵ʥ֮ʵˣһһǿѹ˲¥ޡ
λ˲ڣһˣħƣ޿ɱ⡣
Σ̣֮һޱȿֲϢͻȻ֣ǿԨס
ħƣѸٿħԽڳκһλ˲ڣλħ
ħУһɫǹƿն¡һײϽ硣
ǣ
̶ı𣬾λʥӳֵķѳֲħ٣תۼ䣬ɢ
ϣ˵ɳ޻ȻۣĿ⿴Զѹħƣɫ¡
Ϣǣħս񣬰ޣ
ħѹϢ֮䣬սսδ֣ǿѹѴڴױȵѹ
ⳡս
ƽκвӿħУһλ׵ħӰµƣ˴
սسޣϹʱħս˼䣡


1184 ȫʧ
ԭʼħսħս٣ֲѹڳˡ
ɫǹûսУʱһħӿħ춯ء
ϣ֮ɳ޿ųսħս񣬴Ӵڣ׼ӦС
Զ֮޼ӷǰ¥ޣӰƣΪǰǿĵˡ
޼ӣｻˣλħսΨɳ޲Ӧԡ
սָʥ֮ס¥·һƽս׵ĵ幬֮ڣɫ
޼ջĿ⣬ܸλɫͷˣｻˡ
˵꣬޼ûԥӰǰħս
Ϣ󣬰ǰ֮޼ӣ֮ɳλʥǿĹֶսһ
˽Բ۷״̬ս壬°ɣ
ĿɨǰžһսˣĮ
ħս֮жţҽ֣ܲսˡ
޼ٲܣſŴ֣޾ǳ֮ӳɣȻߵƣ
һߣɳ˫ֲϣСԻ졢ءˡתϢվһսгһ̣Ż֮ܡ
ʥǿλ֣ɫҲǿУзǱҫ۵ķâ֮䣬ħӿ¾ħ
¡һλǿֲ߽֣Ϣײ˵Ĵ쳹﷽ԲսģӦ㡢ظʧɫ
ɫ磬ǳСӿм䣬ս趯һж˿·硣
Եǿ֮սʥλһ߷תһʮ֮ף˽ǻʵ֮¾޵еǿߣȻĻʵҲһս֮
Ȼ֣ħǿս񣬽սʮУȻռϷ磬ѹƣֳ֧֮ס
ᣬ޲֮ˣˣ£
裬ħ죬˻Ϊһǹˡ
ʮ֮⣬סΣɳǣѪ£ܴ
ɳޣ
޼Ӽ״ɫ΢䣬һǰ˫ֿϣǺԻ˼䣬춯֮ܣǰħս
µսʿϿ㣬ڵ㣬ս񡣡
Ǻѹ£ɫ仯˵һ䣬ħӿ޴ħ֣֮һȭ£ɢǺӡ
ྡྷսУ޼ܵ
ɽѪȾƽսף¥¾սã岻۷ʥ֮ɳ֮ͬش
תתľƣռŵʥΪħս֣ȫơ
޾ڣλʥǿܴڰɱ֮ʱ޼Ӻ󷽣֮ɳһȣԪ壬ɲǼ䣬Ѫᴩޡ
Ħ
ϼޣɳ޾һԪֲ֣ķɢӦ
˷֣˵ķ羪κ˰㱼ڶûս֡
ڣɳնһѪƽսףսȾɺɫ
ɳޣ
Χֵķ磬޼ɫһ䣬׿Ѫɳޣ¶ɫ
Ѫɫ磬콵dݺύ֯һׯǿ쾪ر䡣
תԪѪ壬ɳ˫ۣѪһε£һֲޣɲһ˲֡
棬иУɫʵϢд
޼ӣӽħҵͰˣ
ս֮ǰ˿ɳһԪѪתӴ߽֮
޵޲ɢѸΧһУУѪɫԪ羪κˣٱڶ
䣡
һ̣һֲ쳣ıըս˲仯ΪѪɫ磬ԷѪΪս
Ϣ󣬴ըУ޼ӱһɷԪǧ֮⣬סŲ
ǰ֮ѪɫޣѪԪ磬Ϊסħս
ˣ
ԶսУ¥޼״ɫһ˫ŭԶǣľλδƿգʧԶʡ
ս¥ȥħȫƣܡ
սϿգѪɫԪӣ֮ɳΪ˵ķסأȻħսһʱҲ
֮⣬޼ӿǰӿѪԪ˫ȭֱ߬졣

ŭȼգѹƣ޼ӿ·λ
ǡ
λʥӰʼոħ
սħ֮ʱʮ׺ƿʹ֮󣬴ܱħؾ
սܣһ·£һռ䣬ǣƽԭʼħ򸹵ء
ͬһʱ䣬սɽǿλ񽫳սԸħصѡأݱɽâ
Ϸս֮ս˷ǰ⣬ȫ
λ֮ʵħͬѡ˱ܿâ
巽ս֣ķʧʱ䣬ԭʼħսħʳǣʵǰħӿλħһһǰս
ʥʵ޶ס
ӿħУħüͷ壬
ת֮ԣ翣ȫţλʥ֮ʵΪʩչУһʱҲ֡˻ħʻӦ
ħͷĿ⿴ңԶڵɫصȱȳ֣һʵսʤ㽫
֮ƽʨʥʯʣλ½֮ʣ֣᲻Ȼһӣؼʱ̣һľϲ˻ħ
ٵȵȡ
ħƽӿȫʱܶãһаʧĴƽ᳹׻һ
˻ħף֮ƣֻϣܶһʱЩӣᾡˣӦԲúĻʵս

ʮ̫Ӹڣʥģϣڰݺύ۸ӵľƣɱľ
ʥԣһںɫŽУâ
ڣһܱϣһⶼ򿪡
µöԣǵʮ߷ܱ¾Ȼסһۣ塣ʥ¶΢Ц
֪Ȼżش
½б¾ô𣿡ʥ첻
ˣȻֲһЩҲӰȫ֣յĽվһƽ
ƣ߹С
ʥ¶п֮ɫڣԽԽȷı󣬾ǵΪˡ
һЦûлشк£ӾУһӡ
һſűγӣкӣаӣ˵һǧ˰٣Թˡ
һǿݣеıı󣬽ѪɺӵĲ״ǰ̣գʯ
Ӧµ£ƺһҲӦҪѡɣʥ쵭
ЦЦǰߵĺɫŽڽ׳ʣٵȵȰɣʱδ


1185 
ԭʼħ򣬶սʯʥһΪףЯ֮ƹٶȽħ
սܹһεʯ壬񳯹Ƹʤǰ
սϣħնзħѪ䣬ɱв֪Ρ
ΧͬλʥֶΧϹŵµһ
մﶦʢʯʥֻˣǿλʥȫµһĲ񻰡
սϣǿײÿɳ
ħ֮󣬷âʤ֮䣬һöԲεĻħʯתħ졣
ǿУλʥ˻һԪʯˣݡ
һʯ֮Ӳħս¡¡쳹ս
òǿˣ
һʥ֮УĮ
Ϊɱ㣬ͣͲǰ
ʯܣղٴγսʯһʥ棬ս
䣡
ʯȭ쾪ض̤˲Ŀ֮䣬ܿǿλʥǰһӹƽʯ
޼᲻ݣλʥӣâ
죬ǿǿ޿ƥУվ飬쳣
ԾܵĽλʥ˳ɣʯ֮ϣѺ۳֡
һռţӰ籼ףնˡ
󷽣״ɫ΢䣬һ̤ǰߡ
¡ȭʯ쾪ħӭϣӲʯһʥ
ߣĿԣȭӣȻײ
ȭȭ塢潻棬˳ǧ֮ڣȴλߣȫɳȥ
ɱ
˽һ̣󷽣λʯʥȭƺӡߺġ
ģ٣
ΣϮɫ仯һħ졣
棬н٣֮Уһƿգˡ
ǿƥ֮Уλʥֱӱɳ֣ʯѣشһ

ٲ⣬סӰŻ졣
ǿƱˣ㣬֡
̫ˣ
֣оâʢԪһȭǰ߼ϡ

΢ɲƺ˰벽ѪȻ¡
Ѫ׹䣬סΣֲ̧Ѫʤ
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ŭüңһӿ벽Ȼֱ
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ħӳ֣ὣǰָ̣ѪȾħƱ䡣
ģĩգ
ĩ֮ħ澡Ԫֱֲƿ򷨣նǰʯһʥ
֮նϺɫ£ͬһ壬밵ؼ䣬һ޴ʯ֣ȭӭնħ
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ؼ䣬Ȼײ˫Уħն񣬺˵ĳħͬӦ飬ನˡ
ѪƮ㣬սУʯһʥӰɳɣһʯѺ۱鲼
ĩħ޼᲻ݣһ֮شѪȾ
񱩵ನУ߳ħ֣ǿ֮ˣҫۣһǿѹʯʥ
ۣ
ǰλʯʥŻ죬ԪҲش롣
ᣬģ
ϣסΣѵʯкڣΪʲôѾǿˡ
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ͻ֮䣬ģףϢʯһʥɫñ쳣
壬ô䡣
䣬Ų̤һӦѣɫķ֮ӿսģħ졣
ħħкβɣ
ħʯһʥԪ⣬ǿҵϢӿݣħԾˡ
أɽҡضԶһɽʯΪɾˣʯȭӶϵħ
ħնȻ¾֮ȭ
ǿޱȵħߣһħƣ۵ɺ
𣡡
ɾŭһȭͷ£ٶǰħߡ
һʯˣҲ뺳㣬̫棡
˵һ䣬ħϣɫĻʤ֣һӹâ졣
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˱һ̣ϣӰˣĿһ˲
ӿѪͬһҫۣλʯʥһ⻪ȽҪңһȭ
ȭħӭ۵ٶȽ棬սָӼҡ
һȭһȭĺһһĻն򵥶ֱӣΪˣ豹棬Ͷл֮
н棬츲㣬սպվˣԲʮǧվҡ
֮սȫ֮ʱԶһ߷ϣħӿӰƾ߳
Ľߣ¶һ˿һ°׷ºڰɳսս֮ս
ǰ֮սףħǿӳУ߹սͷӡ
ΣĶ㻹𣿡
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µһ鴫
ʥսڣµ˵ãѶȸڴ̫ӵĿ֮꣬Уλħһµθڣ̫һЩ
۷״̬ħȷȴɱ̫Ѷȸ󣬵һλ˵ħӦþܷϾ뱾̫ӵԼˡ¶΢Ц
ʥԣüͷ壬룬ʤ֮䣬ǶһλߵĲء
أ
ЦݽʧĿ⿴߶ܻ尲𣿻ӽܰѹأ֮䣬ء̫Ӳôã¶ҪڣǰѾħһɱµĲ״ħ֮
ʥɫ£ս֮׽߬Ĭԡ
µһɱ֯ɱ֣͸ɱֵ׼򡣡
˵䣬ʤɱֵ׼ǹƽǲֶΣ룬ӦñҸס
лѡ
Ĭãʥһ̾ڵ׸ôˡ
ԣ¶΢Ц壬
ʥĿ⿴ˣип֣ħн֮棬ӾԾӹ֮ף飬λʮ̫ʵһµ
ǰ룬ûеƣĿ⿴Զս
ս֣֮սؼʱ̣ħնʯһʥǰʯףֱֱš
ʵһսħٰʯһʥսֽʤж
ᣬģ
ʡŭģʱ̣ԱһѪԪȻը
ನ汻ٲȾ졣
ڣ
Զ߷ϣʥһʣһɡ


1186 ȫ
ԭʼħ򣬶ս˫ʤжʱԶ߷֮ϣʣһɡ
춯֮գؼ䣬һƿնҫۣĿ
սϿգžһҴսܵ󷽴ǿɱʶףӽӭϡ
䣡
ġ죬ڵ棬ĿĦǷɢֻұһ飬ܴĹԪ

壬ѪɽȾħڳˡ
ߣ˫ĿԣʥŲһ̤εݽŽһ磬ɱħߡ
ɫ£̧֣˫ָϣȻס֮
ģŭ
ܴ죬ŭüңħħʢʱ֮ϣ׻춯ŭ췣
һնڹޣ֮¡
ʥɫ仯齣ˣٲ⣬λöٳ֣ħ
ݴϢĹƣŽٶƿնɱ˷ʤ
̤ת˫Ȼײܴħ˰벽졣
彣֮һشȻʧһߴﶦʢȷˣȫ㵹޵еħߣ֧׾
ռţʥ콣Ʊ仯Ī⣬䣬졢桢ݣ飬б
棬ܴʽƣµһǿĶһʱ䣬ƾ֡

Ž²磬Ѫʳܿ棬ȴܲ
˵Ľߣñŭ
ʮУŭɫԽԽңӲһȫ֡
ģѪ
ὣǰѪȾħ潻Ӵħʯת䣬ħԪ絴һɹħڱн
˲أΨкɫĻ⣬սһݵĽѹڣֻ֮ʵ֮ˡ
ʥ״ɫ£Ųһ̤˰ٲָڽͬ䡣
ޣಢϣֲĽѹХڣԳһĽߣֳͬǿ֮
λߣмʤ̣֮Զ߷ϣ°׷Ӱ˶˫ֽӡٴʩչ᪻ƽ
֣һѺ۳֣µķϮȻԴָ֮֮ס
һ̣սϿգӿƾնУһԲ£ħϡ

ͻȻֵףȫӦԴеδӦһҵ˺ѸдǿħԪɢȥ롣
ͬʱ£춯֮Ȼײħ֮
ĿĵһĻܰħѪɽǰ룬һٴĿ졣
һߣನʥ˳벽ս֣֮ͬȾ졣
֣شʮ⣬סӰĿ⿴ʣɫ쳣
ŵδȻ޲
˵עǣƣôľ룬ʶһ㡣
˼δ䣬ǰɫٶƿնƥĽɱ
һӭϣ
վսӰ彣Խҡ
δһ񣡡
ּʥн켫ѸĽɱ಻׷
ֽأش֮Խѳ֣ѪȾĿ쳣
Ϧ£սеˣսδֹݡ
ս⣬ħʯ֮սͬɱ۾˲أ롣
Զ߷ϣǰĴս˫֮ϣѪ£Ⱦɽʯ
ȻΪ㣬ȻûоԵ֤ƻ˳Уһмıվá
ħǿ󣬷Ѱǿ߿ɼҪļƻͰУͱȥħս
ݻܱ¶֣ԣҪ֮
ʥ죬µһ󶫾νԭʼħ彣ϵһˣҹ֮õѡ
µһ׺ڰӴʵɱ˵ı£κɼ
ŴսĽУʣϦڽ価ڰ֮ʣ彣ֱ仯
ºڰɳһߣӰöѶڰ֮УΨвӰ׷ɣѱ档
趯ħƿһӰͻȻһоԡ
Ȼ𣬹ʥγָ֣ħ֮
ȻУɫŽ֪ʱѾʧ
Ϊһ꣡
𣬷ֽɫ佣ħ󣬱Ρ
ΣϮʶȻΪʱ
Ž壬Ŀ磬Ž۵ʺ졣
֮壬ħ߾˵սܿΣһбסһ
ѪȾħ֮һģԵ׹ȥ
𾴵ħнߣ㣬ĩ·ˣ
ᵽʥûаֳɣӰһ
֮Σ˽ǰȴǲŭЦһһ𺳾񾪡
Ǻǡ
ַЦ˻˫ѪϣһɹɿֲħӿԼ֮䣬ǿ

Զ߷ϣ״ӳ£ʵϢȻѳʵ֮
䣡
Զս֣졢棬˵ྡྷϿգǳӰ飬µս֡

սУƺ𣬽͸壬桢ʥͬʱɳش
ٲ⣬ʥסΣĿ⿴ǰħ¶𾪡
ôܣܴˣ˾˵ս
սˣ
Զ߷ϣһ侲ѵ
ʥԣɫ΢Ųһ̤˲ȥ
ϣħӿԽԽֲϢתأأ龡ɥ
սһλλħʯ彫ʿˣ׷ױħɣѸٻһ
Զؼ䣬ն˿ǰսɫ쳣
ħ¡ʥ
Ϲʱյǿߣӹˡ
¶п֮ɫһսδܳ棬ϧˡ
ʥĬƬ̺󣬿ڵǸʳˡ
Ǿ֮
ԶԽԽֲħ뿪ɣһսܴᣬʱڲָܻҲҵĿġ
ʥͷתȥ
ҹʧˣδκκۼʱӰȥʱ١
սϿգ˵ħ֮ħ콵£һ壬شųɡ
ϣκӰʮһġ
ȻһħأһģѪأȾ쳾
ʵ֮£޵еߣգ־׵սɱ֣޾壬ħնһıơ
պԭʼħϷʯٶȳ֣һΣߣʯӣƹΪ
Ͻ˵ĵʱعħأԮħѵʯ幥ƣڽڰˡ
ˣԭʼħ巽սȫܣĴֱ룬սѸԭʼħ򸹵ء


1187 
ħʳǣӿսȫܵϢʳĻ̻̣Σ
δйĴΣԹͳΰħ壬񳯣ѱλͳ˧أһٰܡ
ǽƣȴ⣬ԭʼħдħ֮ս干ͬħͳΡ
ħأĵֱӱչأȫˡ
սʧȥͳ˧ʯֱ룬ƸΣ
ħӪУյԶսս¶֮ɫ
ˣôܣ
ĵʵκ˶ǻʵǿԳ֣򣬼˿ɵС
սһֱĵһ룬Ҳʧˡ
֮ʲôݣ鵽𣿡ҿǰ̽ӣ
µ鱨֮һλؽߣ£ֳֹŽͷڰɳʵˣڴ֮ǰδ̽ӹӦ
ԣüͷ壬ߣľȻһλС
ԭʼħкʱǿĽǿߣ
ĿħʳǷ΢΢
˵ߣλӵȷټĽ֣ʱж̣Ӧûвġ
ʳǣܲлصûʳǵոӵس
ʮ̫Ӹվڵǰ˫ؿŵƣɫƽ͡
巽սħܣսȻȫ·磬ؼĻʵսУһħͷ˻ħһλħʺһλµľħԭʼħħͬռơ
뿴ħ廹ʲôӦڵľơ
֪֪˰սħƾʱҲȻ︲֮ա
̫ӸԺ᷿һ׳Ĺʥ쾲Ϣȫˡ
ʱһһչȥսĴֱ룬ˮĹƣħһɾ
ʱ䣬İǿ֣߳巽սܣħһƾ֮ʱвٴ尵ɳǿַͬħһ塣
ħأħӿħնһħ
ٵȣʱɽˡ
Զ˵İ˻ħ˫ۣڵ
ħʳĬú󣬵ͷҲֻˡ
ħʳҪʳǵ룬ǱƲѣʵǵѡ
ޱһʱīǰսݴ˧֮λ赲ʥĽ˻ħ
ħͷīȻסʥĽҲһʱīȥսɺǰȥ
壡
˻ħ¶ɫսҲ˷ѣЩڻʳ£ǰΪһ
ħԣüͷ壬ȴҲûгԷԣЩ֧Ҳ˵ʲôֻǣĳɹʯºͣǽȨͳ֮ʽкܴơ
˻ħʿǰеǣڵͳ֮ʱ˲ˣȽǰΣҪ֮¡
ħףҲõİ취ˣֻڻʳĵλӣΪߵ̫֧һսΨõѡ
ʹ
ڣ
ͳī̫ϵ
ǣ
ʳǣʮ̫Ӹܱһһ⴫ԸսͻʳǸؼӴ󣬳ϣͷĿѣ
ĵؿһܱ˼תȨÿһ

ʱ⣬һӰƾճ֣£īͳ컹̫گոնǰʵ
ţ
ԣܱڵ֪ˣ°ɡ
ǣ
Ӱ黯ʧ
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ʱˣ
λħټīͳĿԲħеսҪý̫ӵ
̫Ҳ̸ýһУħħԭʼħǿľӣǣһ뿪ʳǵἫһۼɿ塣
λħʶýֻ˵ħϵԶԶ㣬дС
ǺϢôãڵȵջɹ֮ʱ
壬µĶ֣̫ġ
ڵ
£
ǰһĨӰϢ֣԰׵Ѻ֣дżֹ졣
׼ɣƽ
ԣһ񣬵ǣ
䣬λɢȥ̫Ӹȥ
պʳǰҡʮħΣƺƵǰս
ǣʳǵķʱÿ飬ƹɵľŻʱӹܻʳǵһʱæµ쳣
һҹʳƽûκ鷢ŻӸУڰһϵĵӲᣬһʳǳ£ζȻ鵽ϡ
עһп֮ˣץڳżλɫص
ǣ
ħתȥ
ʮ̫ӸվڸУûκζ
󷽣ĬĬվʱȴǰ
ճ䣬ʱһһȥʳʼƽ쳣ûзκδ¡
ǰİѹֵԴϢŻӸɫһһأʳǣ̫ˣЩ¡
գҹƱ£ʳеİϢʳǺܿ찲
ͻȻʳǶȼ𣬽ţɱ쳹ҹ˵עˡ
ŻӸܱɫ£ڻˡ
ʮ̫Ӹܱɫɫ£ǵˡ
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ͷϲû̫ྪȣħ뿪ʳǷصĲضȻֻ̱ǿʼѡ
ʳǶӣٻۡõı߼״ҲжͬĿģƶΪ
ûãжʳǶʼ
Ҳȥǡ
ʮ̫ӸĿ⿴ŮӣڵҪдȷ𼴿ɡ
ǣ
˲ȥ
ڰһҹʳǶҲֹ֮ʱֹͣʳǸĿǽ壬𺳡
ʳУæµһҹڱ߸ûƬϢ
ʮ̫ӸûгĿŻʳǷҡ
֮ʱʳǸ㱨޾ϸû©֪κϸڡ
ţûзҲûһİţеֻһ֣ȣ
䲻⣬ȴҲûжʣȻѡЧǰʮ̫ӣֻλ¡
ã̫Ӹǰڴ֣̫ӸŰΧ
룬ŸеˣƽʮܣѲ飬ϡ
Ż㡣΢Ц
ڵͷ׿һʿѣ


1188 ҹɱ
ʮ̫ӸڴΧѲ飬սţ˴
ɫ£׼ǰȴ
Ż֣Ա㡣
¶΢Ц
ڵͷֻӹʿһӶӽʼѲ顣
ҹʮܿ
ڿǰˣʵ
ҡͷ
ôĶʮܾһҲ𣿡Цͱ˵
ҹ˯磬ûʲôֱ糿֪ʳǳˡ΢Ц
ԣ£ʮ˯Ļ氲ȡ
ЦЦЩһֱΪǰսµ£ҹò˯һþû뵽ʳȴô¡
߿ⱻգҹиۡͬܲ⻹вʮħҪ˹ȽʧСóЩжıѾá
ħͳԭʼħѾãͬĵҲʤǽƣֻҪʱ֣ѾõĺڰŹûٵ
ֵֻøһЩѣЩڰƳǣħеע
һһʱ̫ӸһӶӽʿѲãһ
£ûзʲô֮Ϊ׵Ľ
üˣ
£ѵĵطˣȷʵûʲô֮ɫ
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˵꣬ûٶת̫Ӹȥ
žŻӺһڽʿȥıӰɫ£ʵ£ŻǷʲô𣿡
Цҹжʲô֤ݣ
ҡͷûС
Ȼû֤ݣʲôõĵģõĵĲǣҹЩıߡ
˫⣬ħĶôõģûãǱ̫źˡ
˵䣬ɫԽԽ䣬˵źȴ˻
΢΢һĿ⿴ǰʮ̫ӣ֪ΪΣһԵĺ⡣
Чǰʮ£ΪԼһĹδǣ˵ʵദʱԽãԽеλµĿ£֮Ƶħһ塣
֪ѡǶԻǴִδᱻǰӵõĹ߳ͣٲ
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̫ӸУ˳ϣɫɼֲ԰ס
·һλ̽ӰڣʳǷȫϸһ顣
һԣǰ̽ӵĻ㱨ɫȥһ
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⣬ڽΧʮ̫Ӹǹ˽յͬˣϵ֮죬꣬볹˺ѾԶˡ
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˵꣬ŵٶһתȥ
޶棬ʮԶȥıӰüͷ壬ʮ̫ЩǺ⣬в𣿡
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ˣŻӰΧʮ̫ӸҲ޵ķʸûв鵽ʲô
һֱȶ̫Сʮˡ
ɫصԴʮΪӪʵԽԽ׳˿ʸۼ֤˭ţһλħߵһ
ϣЦ֪Ļ֮ǳ˿ɼ
ȴ˶Թ̸ڴӣżͣҲΪ˽֮ûһٳӵİǰóȻ֡
λ֪ڶλᣬһʧ֣ȴĽǿ籩ķˡ
ʳǣҹڶܲʳǸƽࡣ
ʮ̫ӸʥӺԺ᷿߳һǰ
ɫĹŽ彣ϵһˣҹâ֡
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ǣ
Ӱҹʧ
УҹɫУĿ⿴ܲʣɫ¡
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ڣ֪ʱµӰ֣ɱĿ


1189 ̫
ҹƱ£̫Ӹʣ١
ͻɱףƱ䣬УΨһžޡ
ϣлعβͻ֮

̶²˺ǰѪɽδȫܿâ
ȻʧΣӰŲ϶ܿ籩Ĺ
ʥУŽ磬Ĺƣһҫ۵Ѫȫѹ˳ħ̫ӡ
飡
ܿɱȻһܲش졣
δȣǰٶƿն˿Ϣ
Σ֮ǰɫ£ϣ̧ץǰȡһ˿Ϣ֮
ڣ
˺Ѫ⣬̶Ħǿ־ʹȭԪǰߡ
ܾ˵Ĵ򷨣ʥЦתͬȡսͻֱֱǰš

ƺߣش
ͬһʱ䣬ħȭʥӲһУ˳Զ졣
ƻܴһΪȡʱ䣬һΪȡ˵Ļ£˽Բ˵ս޶ȵشԷ
ѹԵս֣ûиı䣬ȻһоƬ̴ϢգԶԣһϽǹûħС
һ̣ǰһӳĿ췱ǳ֡
ϼǽٳɲǼ䣬ƿն֣ǰħߡ
״ϽǹɨգȻײƿնǧâ񱩵ྡྷ𵴣ʱҡ
Իɢȥսྡྷػסһ̣ȴΪħߴ󷨼ӳֵƣеĻȫڵǰͻƽ
Ѫǣɢ죬ΨһڣݺᣬԮ
ڣսԽңϽǹ֮԰Եǹɨǧ
趯ǹâУʥŲ羪Σ಻Ĺƣǿѹħߡ
Σǰ汬ʮս˷˳ѣʽ֮䣬ԡ
սʮУħԽԽأ칥Խң˳ɿ
⣬ۼĹͻԽԽ֣࣬Ϻǰ

ͻȻڣƺؿڣһ룬Ⱦ졣
սֽҪʱǰӦ飬λֹȫΪ̫ӽΧ
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ͷش֮ٵ飬˫۱պϣ˹ѹơ
һ̣ħԪӿԴԴǰ˿ڴ޸塣
ǰս֣սԽңλʵˣǿ綫һʱҲͻΧ
Σе˫ۣһս֣ڷȫʼˡ

ͻȻһҵƺ쳹ս֣ʥ졢λɫȫһĿ⿴ս֮⡣
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׼ɫ仯ڵԻһӭȥ
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ߣԹѽĿԣɱ˿Ρ
𣿡
ǰӿħ
ǳ⡣
ЦһǴƽˣһټڡ
һ˵ɡ
ɫĮĿ֮ǿ̫ӵѪ룬кܶ˺޲ýңоͰλħ֮ʡ
ߣǰԲ飬Ҷһս֣ȥ
֪ȱȡ
ҹ£صþòݣһ֣֣ͬħһ̫ӡ
վҹɫ£ŶҵĻʳǣʤ
ǸոտʼиĺϷϳ
ʳǣԼʱ֣ж
ʱʳǳ״ңҹɱ졣


1190 ҹ̽ʵ
ʳǣºڷҹɱ˷Żʱ
ʳǸǿ֣߳ħʳǡ
ʳǴңŻӸüͷԽԽǺ£ĿΪʲô
£
ʱ⣬һλ̽ӿ첽ӣɫ̫ӱɱˣ
ʲô
ԣɫһŵϢ׼ȷ
ǧȷ
̽ӿ϶ڴ̫ӸѾһţǰȥλħʡ
ɫ£ʲôʲôʱ̫ӳ£ҲѴ̡
ͬʱħأħӿʹУͷɪɪ
ǰֲħ𵴣ŭɫ䡣
֪ˣ°ɣ
ѹֵķŭ缴ľκˣħأѹص˲ҴϢ
ǣ
ʹһȥ
˻ģڰ
ħĿ⿴һԵİ˻ħʣص
˻ħɫһƬĿ⿴Զʳǣûж˵Ӱʧȥ
ʳǣս𣬽һʱĹ򣬻ʳǳ״ң޺졣
ڰʮ̫ӸǰӰһͷ׷ں趯쳣
߻һе֪ɫƽκβ
ѳʼԶδ֮ʱ̫ӵֻħҵĵ᳹װȻ
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˼䣬ͻȻʳϿգһޱȿֲħѹ£񱩶ֳأŭʳǶҡ
ˡ
عĿ⿴ʣһĨħһĻڻסˡ
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Ļʵǿ𣬵µ᲻һ˿ͷ
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Ѫֳܵģ˻ħʿŵѪеĵӣħ𵴣ѹضŤ
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˻ħɫ
ħʣ޺һλ½ߣһλʵӦ
˻ħǰؿڱߵ࣬һɱԽԽֲ
ħʣǱڵԣܾΪ˵µѪշѣԤıڶλǰ
˻ħû˵һŭԽԽѹƣƬ̺˫պϣʶ
һ̣ʶӣǧ˵ħֱԭʼħѰӰ
ʳǱ֮ң⣬Ӱ֣ͻȻɫһ𣬻ʳǷ
ѹǣʵǿߣ
ҳɣӰӳǰȥ
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ţ
ϣ˻ħɫ΢Ŀ⿴¶ɫ
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ûжԥ˻ħʶɢѪϢ׷ȥ
޾ҹɫУޱߵԭʼħ򱱷ľ棬˭ûͣ°̡
Уһһռ䷨ȥΪۣΪԼȡһ
Ȼ󷽰˻ħʵϢԽԽ԰ѡ
ɲȵĻʵɫԽԽأ׼㹻ĺ֣û뵽԰Ѱ˻ħʵʶ
½ޱߺϣһǧĴгֻ֣غԭʼħ֮һΣӰκԥֱӳ·
һ̣֮ϣħԪ֮뺣򣬻ֱ֮Ӻ俪ֻغɾΡ
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ɱ޲˿ԥμ׹
ʣ˻ħӰ£һħϯȻħѹ򷨣·ޡ
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Ѫ֮ħɣȻϢ֮䣬ħٶȿ£תۺٶʧ
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˻ħߣħΣһֻ޴Ƴ֣ӰΣȥ
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䣡
ͬһʱ䣬Ͽգ޴£ںɫ֮ϡ
ײУһ춯صﺣʱ죬֮巽½
ԭʼħ巽½һλλǿ߿ֻغ¶Ȼ
ʵ˺£
ֻغ·˻ħУڣˮֿγһտĺ
·ɫĴһָڣ򷨲棬ʶ롣
˻ħʿ·üͷ壬˼Ƭ̣ûðȻ롣
ֻغ·һֱԭʼħĽɣȻܴҲ̤㡣
ΪδʵΨ·һҲ߳
ȻδΪ汨Щź޼Ҳðս롣
ɫڲ޷Ž룬еһɿֲ˺ѸдʹϮʶģ
ʶɢħ֮·ȥԽԽʱʧڰ֮С
ΣϦ֮ʱʳǣӰںҹӹֱӳʵȥ
ǣеעĿģҹ̽ħߵȨ֮أʳǡ
Ρΰʯ֮ϣһ̣ʯ£Ӱ֣֮䣬֮ǰ
ħħ֣ׯ϶¡أмһʵûгɣǰȥ
֮ڣտˣУʶûŰ֡
ʱշתһϢΨһƿ֮ˣȻʵԲ
ʶ޷ţֻ˫ѰңڵУȫѰһĴط
սܣط֮ʧ䣬ħ򣬷طΨ֮أһħأһطʵ
ħһֱлʵǿ򣬻δ֮̽ʱʵձõѰ֮
һʵϣһ߸ϣ֮˼֮أԭʼħ
Ŀɨֱǰ˼Ƭ̣ȥ
лûУֻ


1191 
ҹΡΰʵڣĿǰȥ
һħʣħĻʣħһԭʼħǿĻʵȻס˻λħʣҲҪѷɫһ
£Ÿ߸ϵĻǰеĲԽԽѡ
һž˵ѹһǿĻʣ޿ɲȡ
֮ܣ£Զ˼ߣħһ߲ڣ֪Ψһ̤˵صĻᡣ
ΧϺɫƣǿƥԽԽԳܡ
֪˼֮ӣһսݣ˫մȾ˵Ѫ۽ڡ⡢ԭʼħδ⡣
Ȼ˳һ޷Ŀʹ֪ԵļͣҲﵽһֲĵزȻ޷ֹ֪ǰеĲ
£忪ʼֹѣѪȾ¡
ʹȴ·𲻾ᶨƬ̶ҡ
˼ΨһûлصĻʵΪ֮£˿ɽȻǿߣҲҪꪡ
ʱվŤ֮£Ȼʱռ䷨Ҳ㡣
һһѶֳ·һдգ˫ֽ߬졣
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˽˻ʵǺأ
׺Ͱ˻ģߵǸλ
ĻߣʶݸգϢ˫۱պϣٶƣĳ˯ȥ
ʳǣһʵڣ£һϣԽԽ
ΧϺɫħƣԽԽǿ˳ɿ
䣡
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ײĿֲұۼԣ˰벽סΡ
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¡
춯صĴУݲеĻѳܣӦ١
ȥĻķѣͻȻһ춯صХٵĻ£һצ
ȻͬĻȫħߣȴͬǿ󣬳صϢ

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ʮ̫Ӹڣһذ׳Ĺʥ쾲ǰȴǰ߹
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عͷܲƣ̫ӡ̫Ӷ䣬λӻŮҲ٣屾ܴСսħ˲ڣħĳսʧ룬ǡ⻼ǸսʤħѾˡ
ʣµ̫ӣס˻λħ֮ˣҲżȥ壬λ̫ӵĻľŻҲһǣơ
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ԭʼħ֮ʱ죬ޱ֮׵ޱ޼ʵǿУѪ˷ɢ
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ΪģһſŴǿʼή鱯нΪǡ
ǰһöɫķƣϹŵѪеոһյıøǿԼ̫֮
ʮպޱһҴ멵Ӱƾ߳޾Ѫеߣƽ⡣
ʱǿУһλ°׷ħӰ߳ħߣҹŮһ棬벻
δĻ֮Դ֪ԭʼħΪ˸崴һ֪ʱ䲻ˡǰ¥ƽڵ
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սûԵǣԭʼħĶ߻Զһ㡣¥˵
͡
ûоܾһƮ㣬ʮ֣ħϯ졣


1192 ǧ֮ս
죬ޱǳȻʧɫ
֮ǣͿ̿Կ
ǿϣΪģΧһſǳήһԱɡ
ǰеϢոһ׳ԼϹŷħ֮ϡ
֮ʣ⣬Ӱ֣ǿϢʤ
ʼɡ¥ڵ
š
µͷǰħԽԽǿƮУһھħԻ೤ǹǹĩ֮˼䡣
ħ֣ħϢԽǿһ˫ӣ仯ڰ
Զ¥ǰеħһĨɫħ봫˵ǿһģһ
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һ̣ħն䣬ನһǳӦѣ޾Ľնǿգǰߡ
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춯صײ쳹ǿգɢǰħȥ
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ģǧֻغ޴о޾δͣϢ
¶֮ʣӰն˼Ƭֱ̺ӳ·
ڣӰ׹ٶԽԽ졣
޴ѹ˷ϮԽԽأԳܡ
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žɻǼžɫɽûκεĶġ
ü¶ɫùĶ
ѹְ˻ħôͷ˻ʳǣλħߣ̤С
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Ҫûںжͣһ̤ԭ·ء

ڱա
壬ԹΪ޾Ԩµǿ壬ϲ⣬ҹ䣬ӳªƣԣ˹Թ֡
֮ʱϿգ֪һħӿǿֺء
·ɢһλλǿ֣߳ߣӭħʮ̫ӵ
λǿϷŽٹӣ¶ϲɫ
μ£
񣬺󷽣ǧٹǿ֮ĵ̣¶ĳ⡣
ӰһֱŹȥ
һԣŲʼλʾ𾴡
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Ȼ·̫ˣ弸ƶ֣ڰ׹ϣ뿪
ǰڳߣȴ̫ǰ
ûãǰӰǰˣ°׷ʷǷ˲Ŀ
֪λĿƹߡ
׹ϣǵɰأһ˿ʡ
Ϣ֮ѪɫٲǰĿ⿴׹ϵĹߣһ񣬿ǰ
䣬׹ϣ˫Ƕ䣬˲ֱӡ


1193 
޴ѪٴҹԼճˢ·Ѫ̶
Ѫǰ׹ϣ߱Ŀ˼ǿϢʵԼɼ
ǰ֪һ
׹ϣ˫ۣĿ⿴ǰʮ̫ӣһԲ´ƺҪǰ˿͸
ڳм䣬ɫƽˮû˿
ߣ֪ӣ֮󣬹ڣɳƵ̫ӵʧԶӭ¼¡
¶΢Цǰ⣬ǰݷãֻΪһЩ˽µˡ
ʳǷ飬𣬵֮ǣ˫̾
ٺõļıҲҪԵϲʵʩǹļƻҲ޷ɹ˵ףǹӹΰЦݸ׺ͣ
˽̸䣬ߣڳϻһۣԼͬĵ˵ͷλʮ̫ӱеҪƽ׽ˣûȨӵеʢˡ
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ʦһаáش
Ǳá
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֪ΪιҪôĴ۳ų񣬲ʦйأʵѰζˡ
ʵ飬Ҳûжʣվԭأȴ廳
֪˶ã׹ϣع񣬲ϵԳЦݣˣ׺˼Ǹ
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شλ̫ӵ£ȷЩøУ໹η;壬ѡ޵̫ӸΪĹߡ
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Զ˻ħʳĬʮõֻأʽʵЩ޹ء
ħ⿴ǰߵͳ飬һ̾
֮ڰ˻ӰʵСڻУȷеٮٮߣϧδܳɳ
˻ģͳ֮£һˡƬ֮ħ񣬿ڵ
˻ħԣ΢𣬵ѡˣ
ѡ˲ҪҪǣ̳֮ˣΪĻʵսħʳ
˻ħʳĬãڵ塢ڡоĵĵӣλӻŮɫģڵĸףħѪѪ覴ãĵĵӣ壬侭ħϴѪλ࣬ʣµˣΨ壬ֻǣʮӦûûɣħ֮ȻΪȴЩˡ
˼ǣħü
ҪѡԸں;ĵĵѡһˡ
˻ħʳ֮ӣӣڣôΪ
ħ̾ڵȷǣҲֻǲѣľ콾â̫࣬أҲܿ
˵ĵĵ𣿡
˻ħĵλӣȷʦһ㣬޵ֻ̾ǣѪͳʼһ޷رܵ⡣
Ȼ²˾Ǳ˹ƽɡ
ħ巽ս½ţ罫ȫɳ˭ܵĹƣδͳ֮˭ʤ
˻ħɫ£ú󣬵˵ͷҲֻˡ
ʹ
ڣ
Уʹ֣
Żӣʮ̫ϵ
ǣ
ʹӰʧȥ
պ󣬾ŻӸϿգһöͬĺɫħ֣ǿħص𾪡
ħŻӣʮ̫ӣϵ
ŻӸԣоâʢĲڣڵȵһա
Ͽճħ΢䣬Ƭ̺ĿջأǰߣڵǸ̫ӱȥˡ


1194 ս
ħʳǣʵԶͬĿһûཻ̫
ʵǰħӿʣħܲڱξ콾
·ʵǰ٣ǿƥѹŤأʧɫ
ħʡ
񣬹
ʵǰס˻λħʿ·ˣڵϾţʮǿԸ
Ϊҵ岻ݴǡ
ڣӦ
ܺá
ħʳ巽սԴƣǰīͳʽսʱ֧ԮʣµսԱ幥ΪңǶˣ˭Ըǰ
ʯ£ڻһۣ˭ûпڻػ
壬ʮ׺ȫʵˣսΪҵһ
ڡ
ʵǰ˻ħʿڵ飬ԸΪħ壬
·ԣɫһ֮ɫܿ죬ָƽһ
˻ħ̧֣ӿħУſźɫħɳһһû·Żڡ
壬Ϣʱǿħʳǡ
һԣѾλħûѡ񣬱ֲµĻ̨
Ҳãڻ;飬ܿ˿ʱ
κζʢĻʳȨڶģħ徭̫ӡ̫Ӻ̫ӵĿƲԪˣڱ飬ֻҪս̫֮λˮɣµڶ콫ȻԨ
ʮأʲô飿ʵǰ˻ħʿʵ
ͷǰϷսֿԡ
Ŷ
˻ħԣ΢УΪβǶ
ħʣսȻɽȫҲӦ֮Ϸ壬ƣħϷս٣ٲԮ»벻ı
ʯ£ƣʵ
ʵǰס˻λħǰ֮ԣĿӣ֮ħʿڣӦ룬һ׾֧Ԯ
ǣ

´ʵǰλħûٶӰȥʧ
λħ뿪ʯ£ֱһͬȥ
Ż֣ϲ
ǰ·ϣڵ
ڵͷ¶пһ·лʮ
ЩǾŻӦõġ
΢ЦһֻҪξŻܴսܷ̫λָտɴ
ʮܼԡӦ
˽̸䣬ǰ·֣˷ֵ𣬸ԳԼۡȥ
ʮ̫ӸȴʮλŹӰ֣ǿϢ𾪡
ʮʿÿһλŽӽΪʩΪȻǿҲ˿޾塣
һУŵΪһ󣬹Ҳȫǰͳ֮λɳʮΪ
ʱǰ񣬵¡
׼ƽ
ǣ
պʳϰ׾Ӫһ׾ᣬǰ°׷Ӱʱ̧𣬻Ӿ¡
ƺƵħУħӿ¡
ͬһʱ䣬Ż׾УɫĺգԴϢ
λӳʳǣٴΰеʱϢģѡ
Żӻ;飬˵ԤϣҲԤʾţŻӾܷ̫֮λѲԶ
Ȩͳ֮ôŻӺճµ㶦֮ƽγɣǱĵȴվ˶ӡ
Ϸսʴƽħڽڰˡ
ħǰħﾲѪȾȻ˲ˡ
УһֻɫѺۣϵĴսȻħҲ˲֧֮ס
ħ󷽣ԭʼħ򸹵ĹؿһͿ̿
ûˣѪ֮ǰԽ׳ذ벽
սֶħΧС
ĩ·ˡ
֮ףڣɫ
ɫ£ħգХħص
ɫˣһȦһȦ֮һ̣մȾħġ
ħֻѪһҷӿȻ˫Ѿʴ
ȣ
ŭȣĺ쳹ս֣ʶٴ⣬ǰ
սԪħײನѪɽ
һ壬ƽսƾ֡
սʱ֮ң⣬ɫħѹħǰӰնһħӿǿ쳣
¡
󷽣Զս֣ڵҪ´һǰȥ֧Ԯ𣿡
ء
ħÿһλ֮ճоɡ
ǡ
ԣûʣ
⣬ս죬һԽԽأȻ߰ǣȴǲ˺벽
ϣħ߶ƴ
飡
һƣӡħߺ󱲣Ѫġ
߶ս·ͬɱϣսʿ׹䣬ѪȾء
ʮħδսȻʣ²ɣѪĹؿ񳯣ʧء
ħ߱䣬񷣡
ϼޣһŭȣħƾնǧħȭ£ƾ춯ء
¡һһλ߶ֱܲӱȭУӺȻը
ȫһȭȭ߾ǰŴ¶״Ӱһӡǰؿڡ

ƺ𣬾޴ħȾ졣
ħش˲⣬λָϣħѪ䣬Ⱦ
ĩ£
ضʱһͣѪӿħѪΪ׿ĩ֮¡
һ̣˵һĻ֣ؼ䣬ɫħɢ֮ţ㡣
֮޼᲻ݣλһѪɽ
սת֣֮ףڣһɲڼԪͻȻǿԼ䣬
ԪħֹסӰӳǿһӡؿڡ
شηɳѪ꣬쳣
ɱ
Ըս仯Ӱӹ߶صԪӿס
ϣħиУԶһֲĴײħӦϣħȥһֲ̣Ȼߡ
۵죬Ⱦǰۼףҵһս˫ʧأʤѷ֡
ʱҰУյĳɫħѸٿǿħڳˡ

״ɫһ䣬ħ׾
Զ׾ǰӰ̧ӿ
Уһǿƥƾն֣޾Χɫ¡
һֻ̣طɳգֱս֮С


1195 ١
ԭʼħսս죬Σ̣֮ħ׾
׾ǰһڹĹŽƿնս֣ǿĽѹرɫ
Ŀ䣬սУһĨӰְڹŽϣĿɨλ˱
赭д˿вȴŲݾܾϣ֣ĪС
ųսֵˣɫ쳣ȨƬ̣ˣ
ħԮս棬ǰʵûбҪʱ佻֡
һ£糱ˮȥǰħԮϢͬȥ
˱ŽĿ⿴źشħʦ
һħеɫλȥʵڲһλħǷһλͨ
صݣȾѪǿħ˭޷ǰ֮˾һλħ
۲ͬʱĿҲ´ǰˣĵĵӣֹһζţȴǵһ
ǰˣʲʱʵż֮
ϧӳ壬򣬽ɾͲʦ
ضһ󣬶лʦֶˡ
Ƭ̣ջĿ⣬
ʦ
ӦʦֶӦģʦ˳أȻӪϢͽʦֶ
Ǳͷʦֶˡ
ͷӰһ
ϣ·վһսħоȫسǣʱ
һ£𣬳ź󷽾ݳǳȥ
ƺƵħؾݳǣڱյħҲ֮ʧջָ
ݳڣפħһ׾ǿﵽ֮ڡ
Ӫ˧ǰǰӿħͣ²ӣĵȴ
֪˶ã˧ΧӿħƽϢڣһƽ͵ʦֶɡ
⣬ƿС
˧ڣʵˣ¶º͵Цݡ
ʦ
¶֮ɫʦˣ
ʱ޴󰭡
΢ЦĿɻã
ʦһнԺáش
Ŀ⿴ǰˣϾǸп֮ɫ꣬ʦãֻϹ֮ؾ䣬Ϊ˱ܻԷħԴУʦȥħأҳ٣Ӵˣδ档
ţûв죬ʦ𽻺õ飬ȷ֪һʦЩ²δἰ
֪ΪΣʦƺǸʱ飬һֱԸ˵
ʦֶˣ￴ǰߣ
ࡣʵ
꣡
һ䣬ԳЦЦЩӻŮԳţʦֶȣЦ
˾˵ѧ裬ݹ۹ŽҲǼµ顣
Ĭûжԡ
ţѧҲǺˣֻǣ컯ŪˣΪػϧ֮ˣòһա
̫ӵ¡
ʱ⣬һ˿ɫ
ת⣬üͷ壬£
ݲڹж̽ӣǷҪץʾ
ء
ŰɣЩ˺ܿó
ǣ
⣬ȥ
ʦֶЩ̽ʲôõļƲ𣿡
ѯʵ
ս֪֪˰ս̽ǣ޷̽Ҿʵ붯ֻҪа취ܿƭЩߣ͵ڷϵ˫ۣ׸Į
ԣ΢Уʦֶϸ˵

ǧ⣬ӪĿڣȫˡ
⣬رػؽΧС
ʣϦ£罥ţҹ
¶¹߹ϣؿຮ
Ӫڣؼ׵Ľʿ䱸ħҹϮ
ҹɫ󶼽ʿʼϢʱԶħӿԱϮ
Ϯ
Ϯ
һżľ쳹ҹգ˯彫ʿ˯оѣ׷׳ʣ׼С
Ȼ˽ʱԤеħûее彫ʿһĵƣϮԻϢ
ݳǣϣµӰңԶӪͬһҹûϢ
֪ĬĬ棬һԲ
ôãûмϢƬ̣Ȼǿ߾ԶˣǣҲһֱϢ
ħ壬ýյĵλ¶̶̼ȡõĳɾͣһ󼰣ǰһֱΪⶼǾħʱ֧£ȻЩӺףûԵ޹ʵĳɹµÿһѪŬǳ
ʣУҹȥ䣬ڳӰϣġ
һӰ¥ϣ˳нʿĿ⣬һ̣ʮ̫ĸ֣ӡλħʿС
һλԸⲻ߲ǹͬػǳص̫ӣܴǴ
У˧ǰ߳Ŀ⿴ˣ¶ο֮ɫ
ħӲ٣̫Ҳλǣ塢ڻ棬رϲ
ԭܼ򵥣ħ֮˱һЩӺ̫ⷽĺ
ħҪһλζĻ֣߳ıһУλӣõѡ
¥ϣףųдɫȻƽͣȻȴǱ쳣
ﲻ֪֪ܴħģԶֻǻ𣬶
ӳ£ŴӪȥ
˧ǰ￴Զˣ΢Цˡ
Ӧõġ
ʦҪƲУƬٲʦ
ͷϵƲ޴󰭣Ȼʱ޷ȬֻҪطѹƣԿȫһսֻǿԷѻ٣´νս᷽ɲ
ԣüͷ壬ֻһ٣Ϊ֪ɷ񣿡
Ŷ
һۡ
֣ӿħУһɷ˵Ĺٳ֣󷽣״ֻһԾ˺벽
￴һʮŮӣû̫ྪȣͬʱ֮Լߡ
٣޲õʤսʦֶԸ⽫ʱ᣿ɫ
Ȼ
˫٣ͳϿҵɣֻһֻʦУܷӸá
Ҳûпӹ٣Ŀ⿴ɱ¾֮ϧ֮ڡ
Ǻ٣ȴմȾ̫ѪҲΪЩѪɾɱ¾
ʦܰ׽Ķ㡣
УУһ׳֣ȥۣȻϵĸ֣ȴħԶǿġ
ĩ£
ϹŽĽƪ֮һǰƿ˫ۡ


1196 ĩ
ԭʼħ򣬾ݳǣħפʮҹϡ
ÿҹ٣ݳϿգħϯϮӪ
ǧ⣬Ӫҹϼӽ䱸ȫħͻϮ
ʮʮҹһһαħϮŵ彫ʿƣĽ仯
ʮһգҹ٣彫ʿ׼Ϣ֮ʣݳϣħٶȼᡣ
յĽźƣ۵£ҹĻٲãӪУȴѲߵĽʿеʿ˯ȥ
ݳϿգħԽԽ࣬ƺƵڱξ캮¡
ϣӰʮղط棬ҹâ¶

һ£ȷΣɫħѸУ֮ƣ˲Ŀ
Ӫ̽ӵܱһ㴫ֻǣʮյڣһΣҲûħͻϮ
ӪģڣΪףλǱˣľ併͡
ԣ
ͻȻ˫Ŀ⿴򱱷¶ɫ
ܵϢı仯
˺£
ڣȻδ䣬ɫһ䡣
ħǿħ
һԣλҲ˲֮ɫ仯
첽߳ʣĿⱱɫԽء
ˣ
ڣ
ڣ
һλ彫
ϮǾһ㷴ӦûУʲôԵģŭ
彫ԣɫһ̿־ع
Ͻ׼ӭУŭ
ǣ
彫æ첽ǰȥš
ڲſʼ׼Ƿ̫ˣ
ʱӪǰһĨϤӰ°׷ֳֹŽһɱ˿ûΡ
½ԴӪֻ֪֣׿Ȫ·
ҹӪʮ̫ӿб
ǰһԪ
бţ
Ӧһ䣬йŽӦʣɲǼ䣬ӿ޾Ľѹϯ˷Ӫ
ֻ֮أ
гĹŽɫ£壬ǰڽҲħʮ̫ӡ
ҹֻ
䣬սδԷ
Ŀһ˲֮ħײƿննǰߡ
ǰ׹âҫҵײ岻֮ǧ
ɢԪɽһƣݿ
Ͽգ
תһϿգӽɿХӳ֣Ȼնǰ
һΪƾǧ⣬ɽӦ٣ɽҡضʯ衣
Ϊ
˫ɨǧٵɽ壬ڵ
Ľ಻ϧԽ޵Ĺܵ¼У
УӰ˲Ԫۣһƺ俪š
̤תŲܿŽؼ֮һն
¡ƾɢ΢У֮
һ˲ô£оԼĹ˼֡

˼δ䣬ʣһöͻأ˵Ŀ⡣
ϣӣն٣ָÿθңضһҡ
̧ףɫ΢䣬ȥֹ
ͷӰʡ
ǵĶҡ
˲ǰŽնͬʱƿն赲ˡ
ֵ̧У¡¡ǰ֮衣
һ̣ϣӿʮ£
˽ˡ
˵һ䣬ӰӳصսУս
˪һһգӭ춯صĴ쳹ս񾪹塣
󷽣ʮ赲ΪΪȡʱ䡣
չΪǿĹ޼᲻ݣȻʮλ޶صĹϹǿһʱ侹
ʣһħӿĩٴ죬ǿޱȵѹ£ζʱһͣѪҷӿ
ħϮѹѾõƱϢ⣬ش֮
ͬһʱ䣬ϣħ糱ӿƺƵɱ·Ӫ
սĹ죬ɱ¾Ϳ̿
սУɫƥԪ߶ǿѹƣ֣Ҫתơ
г֣춯֮𺳾죬ɲǼ䣬ϣһ޴֣õӰʵԼϹ֮
£
״ɫ΢һ̤˲֮ϡ
󽣽磡
ϼޣ˲ɲǼ䣬޾Ľƿնֱ졣
УὣƷʱѪȾ콣
ͬ׹ħǧ̫Ͻ
֣Уǧۼ޾ʼգĩ֮
ϣ״ָңѪ߳ԻħѪΪ
ȻУĩ·˵ʣս
·㼯ǧѪɫΨһгΣƾ
ĩƽ٣
һ̣Ѫɫն£ӳֲ֣쳣Ľֱ֮ƿأնƾճϡ
䣡
ĩս٣δȫʵӰӦ飬Ѫɫ£·һλӦ壬Ѫ죬ꡣ

ನƺУλȫɳȥشһ
ʣĩ·ɣħҳǣѪ£֮ϡ
·ɢս֣֮쾡Ⱦ
ֲĳУӪֱ䣬ʮʧɡ
µһȫʧȥս¾ƱԪУһٴ۵Ѫ
ϣնһ̣Ϊս֮ˡ
塣
ӰһǰɫĮ壡
˵䣬УֻâޱȵĽ⻮նǰߡ
ǰӺݺһҪȴΪ
ƿգͷ­Ѫӿɡ
Եķ˿̣һشߣȻ޷ֿ֮
󷽣Ӳǿһ˿ȥ
ǣ߲ˣ
һģӰǰһն
ʹŭߣδֻع룬˲һ
׹£Ȼ֮ϡ
䣬ǰоǺȻı䷽򣬳Ŷȥ
ת˲ϢӰʧٳ֣ǰ
ն£Ȼһۼ׵֮
ѵۼףѪ߳ԪɢȥƬۼȻ顣
ɫ仯ֻٴ߼Ԫһն¡
飡
һƬƬѵۼףϷɳ̣֮ĥ־
Ȼǿҵܣǿֲʹ࣬ƾ循˵ķһһε¶Ľ档
䣬ΣԶԨۻиУ˫ɲǼ䣬죬


1197 
ԭʼħսܣ䡣
սϣӶһһն£Įִţϴݲ־
ϣۼ׼ȫ飬ѪȾ֮
ǿҵʹ־߽⣬ĳһ˲䣬˷ֿͷ
䣡
ʱԶԨУһ𣬰޾Խʱգս
̧ͷץסֱȥ
֮£Ӧը޵ֿ֮
·ɫ£Ϳ赲
䣬裬¡Ȫ̱赲ʵ֮
ȻٵվΪ֪ȡһ˲֮ʵ֮ʣӰʧ֮⡣
¡ֲĴ֪֮أƬֱȥΪԨס
˵Ļ塢ħ壬ֱӱۻһ룬Ե£ûֿܵ֡
⣬Զʦˣ
Ŀ⿴ٶ۵Ļп֮ɫ
߰ɣ֮ʱѾȥʱΪħһݼˡ
ףԶˣ¶΢Цǵʦʦ𡣡
䣬Ѫɫħӿ춯صħΪѪɫ
ĩ£ƻ裡
ĩһƪƻ裬ޱϼޣﾡȼ֮ԴѪڣҹ
죬ݣ֮ϣȼյѪУħӰɢȥΪΪ֮С
ѪɫХڣͬһʱ䣬֮ϣۣһֻ޴Ľɫƴ
ħ֮ĿкȻײӦ޼ӣΧһС
֮ǧ֮ڣȫɣײ֮սһ˿
Ϣǧ⣬ҡһĨӰ߳Ŀ⿴ʣ¶𺳡
ʣನУһƵĹٷȾħѪ쳣
ͬʱ֮ϣɫ⻪𣬻ۣٴεס
ǧ⣬־й٣˿ԥŲһ̤ٳűȥ
֮ϣõӰδʵȻǿĻȴ˿ѷ
ȫ𣬳׼ŭߣϣۻʿűжȥħʮ̫ӣһ̤ƵѸ׷ȥ
׷ɱֲҴ⣬һֱűȥ
һ׷һӣ𾪣ԭʼħУĿ⿴ħϽ¶֮ɫ
ۻʣ
Գ֣ɱħ̫ӣδй飬һʱ䶼Իع
ħأס˻λħʸܵϽϤϢɫҲ
ʮʲôôۻôŭ
ħʳǣУħӿ߳Ŀ⿴Ͻɱ¶
̫
Ի֮һС֣ۻʻ
Ը۸̧𣬶ʱʳϿգħƽһֻ޴Իֱ˺ʱգϽߡ
ԭʼħϽ֮ϣۻʼٱУͻȻǰħӿһֻܾ졣
ۻߣͬһӭȥ
߽֣Խ˼޵ֱӻȥһأӣй
Уۻ߳ãȻһǿĿ⿴ԶȥӰûԥ̤ٶ׷ȥ
ʳǣ˫עϽҪٳ֣ͻȻַ̧
ħأס˻λħ֮ʿĿ¶֮ɫ
֣Ϊβٳ֣
ľУؿϽ׷ŵģȴûٳֵ˼
һƣۻʻѾʧľ磬۷ʵ֮䣬Ȼʵɳܳܵļޣһλʵǿ߽֣ĻᣬС
ϽӰٱУһǰһٶ֮죬𺳡
֮֮ľԽԽʶԶڻʳǵʦ𲻻ٳЦһı䷽򣬳ȥ
ʦƢǲٳ֣ҪҪԼ
ԭʼħʮĿ⿴ħϽ׷֮սɫʡ
˭ۻΪҪħʮ̫׷ᣬʵǿߣߵսΣٳ֣ħʮ̫ʲôۻŭˣ
⣬λħʵ̬ҲЩӱ׷ɱȴֻԵسһα޶ʵ˲⡣
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ġ
ͳ֮λûô׵õ㲻Ѿ¸֪Ҫ̳дͳҲҪŻС


1202 ˫ս
ԭʼħ򣬶սگگɫݡ
꣬ڵȵһա
ǰͬ¶֮ɫ׷׳Թϲ
׼ػʳǡ忪ڵ
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¶ħһɽʱͻȻɳ޷һӰƾճ֣ûκףֱɱǰħ
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ﾹȻҲ
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ǰŴսУ˫ϵԽԽأֻصˣƾħ岻֮ӲжԷͬʱ˻֮ڶԷϡ
ɽѪȾΧأ֮սԽǡ
ħ߱䣬񷣡
ħ߱䣬񷣡
ͬʽ𶯣ǧħԻ˼䣬춯֮ħϯʮء
˫֮սȣȭѵǧ
䣡
ȭڶԷϣٴδһٴĿѪ
λħߣҪԼˣԼ֮ȭ俪ϰ
ԶƲһֵ֪Ŀעǰλħӣûв֡
⹫ƽһսΨһܸ˵أܸࡣ

⣬ţħȭʵѪȾħ
ץסˣ
ǿг̫һȭֿ̧סǰߣӰ
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Ͼţ㣡
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䣡
ӰײϴأֲĴУԭӦ䣬Զһɽֱ֮ܵͬС
ˡ
ӿನУǰ޴ӣ૵


1203 սƱ
ҹɫս㣬֮սβ
׹˫ǣԭײ£׵һĻԾ塣
ԶиУ¶𺳣һдսֳٸǰ
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վߵһ
ħԪ̧ۣȭ㾡ȫһȭֱӶ̫š
ȡ
˫ۣпȳһѪˮʧ˫ǰŻӣɳƵϾţʮ
䣬˫£һһգɻ˱˵У̣ᡣ
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Ż֣ϲ
ʱϣӰ֣λ£Żߣڵ
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š
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ǿĻ£˫棬עŵǰλħʣƽ


1204 ߳
ʵǰħΪ֮£֪
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ʵǰλħħӿֲħӣ֪޾ѹ
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ҹʱ˻ħʿڣ
ڸСƽ
˿֤˻ħʵ
Ϊ֤Ӧ
ļҳĻħ
ڳУ˳ļҳк˿Ϊ֤
ŵǰλħʣɫ£Ե
ʵǰס˻λħɫԽԽ䣬һħ羪κˣûʳǡ
һʱ䣬ħʳڣǧټƵĿ⿴ʵϽ¶֮ɫ
ʲôλħΪλ˶ŭ
ʳǱħӰٸΪӣò𺣬һ̣żּɫ
ʣУڻһоʳҲԽԽ
ǿħ
ʳǧ⣬ڸܵԶľѹɫص
λħʡ
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ףлǸѡӦ
ʳǷƱʱսսԽңԴݿ̤֮ԭʼħ򱱷ħʳѲ
սϿգʮǰУյϢص
ǰʮ׺Ŀ⿴Զħʳǣɫ䣬ɱ˿Ρ
֮ǴӲȴһսǶħѪծѪ
½̳ϣעԶսµ»Ĳȣԭʼħȥ
׻ʶͬʱʥʯ塢ɽλͬʱ˫ۣԭʼħ
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߶֮ʱԭʼħλħۣɫ¡
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ҹ٣ǰҫһĨӰƾ߳ϻݡ
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ʮ̫Ӹڣڰ˫ӽϣһöɫȻ£һ֣ɱ֡


1205 ٳ
ԭʼħ׻ϻ𾪡
ս٣˷ԭʼħ˵սվ֣
ǰ绪Ůӣҫٷ˲¡
»ʣʮصĸǿߣȻֻվԭʼħǿ߶ܵױȵѹ
׻ʮ׺ʮλϵǿߣϢǣڱξ캮¡
ǿݾΪħѲϧһдۡ
⣬ħʳУ˿űȻ˭û뵽׻ʻô졣
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ʮ̫ӸǰĿ⿴ű΢΢
߼ȻȻһճ־õսҲõ˾սʱ̡
ҹޱԭʼħ򱱷ϣ̧ɲǼ䣬ӿرɫ
ɫĹ⻪ӣʮǧʵǿ־춯֮ܡ
֣߳쾪ضԭʼħ򶼿ʼʵ֮ϣһſŴǳ֣Ϊǻʣ׷ħء
ǻ꣬ƣֿ֮֮䣬ݾǳħһĽء

һ̣ħһŭȴĺУһĨħڵħӰɳ˫죬һħԻ䡣
׳֣Ԫħ죬׹ǡ
䣬ħײ׵Ĵ쳹죬ħը۵Ĺ⻪ҹֲľġ
֮ܣ޿һУչֳصĺ
Ǳ裬֮ң⣬ɫ仯ֽӡһӵӡûգ޾Բǧﾡû
ʵٳδʽδȻ
ħϿգħעԶߣٳɣһȭ֮ȶǰߡ
Ǻӵһȭݿ;վ飬Ϊڰޡ
ħȭӲħ߹
¡
һ𣬽⻯ȥħ߹ƣͬһʱ䣬ǧƵӡǻۣһħǹ֣ҫ۵Ľ⣬Ƶ
ħ֮䣬˼֣ħϿգǿħҲܵһ⴫ɫ£ȫۡ
ħԪħ߿ž޴ħԻÿһŶ·Ż˼ľ
һ̣ϣɫǹƿն˵ĻֱӶʱգǹʧٳ֣ħϿա
ԽʱյʱͿռ޷ƣħǹЯ޾ɱҪɱǰħߡ
ȣ
Σ֮ǰħһȣ߿ħɹ飬赲ǰɫǹ
䣡
˫ײҡನħʽѪɽ
֮սڶУħܴ𾪡
ˣ
һʱ䣬ԭʼħйעһսǿȫ¶֮ɫ
ʵãôӵѹħʵ
ɽʥʯ廹ԨϿգλʵǿĿעԶսҲɫ
ħʵʵ̫֮ʵųԤϡ
˵½Ļ߼ӦԼҪʱ䣬Ȼ»ţ̶µʱ˻ʵ֮ǣۻȻʵħʡ
ŵĽսȻ֮׻ʲǿŶԡ
ԭʼħ򣬻֮սܵѹƵħɫ£˼Ѱԭ
ħʳǣʮ̫ӸĿ⿴űеŮӣ˫ɫ֡
ȥǰԼеһжڸģ䣬Ψһ֪ħ幦֮ˡ
ߵŬվûа׷ѣģȻʵߣǣƾħ幦˽⣬Ӧħһսʵ
ȻҪѹħʣ£һħԭɣĵʽƽѸٱ
ȻħϿգħʶڣգ򣬲ٶħѧҪƾ빦ƣһʤ
֮ң⣬ɫ΢ô㷴Ӧħ߹ȻԷӹˡ
ǼʾǰУ
Ŀһʮ׺󣬿ڵ
ǣ
ʮ׺ǰȥ
ϣңԶħأһڣʱ֮ϣʮӰ֣ʮ̫Ի˼䡣
ӡؼӰ춯أʮ׳ֵһ̣ؼ䣬ʢȫѹԭʼħħ
ħϿգħĿ⿴ʮӰ˫£ǿϢػ
ʮ֣붯ݣǿѹǿѹԭʼħħ
·ҫΪ콫ȥ
ͬʱʳǸħؾŻʳǾۼ׼ӭħʷΣ
ħʳǱǧʮħᣬӭϼٸ
ʣ֮ңŵλӰӳ˲Ϣ潻档
»ʣ̧𣬾ᣬ֮䣬˸յħȭơ
֮ȭ֣֮λ߽棬Ͷء
ʱѾʧƬ޷λʵǿߵ
ֵ߽ͬʱ·塢ħҲʼȫ潻档
ҵɱ˼ңǿߴ׹£Ѫɽꡣ
ҵսʿأħʧȥܿʮ׺Ľ죬ʮħٶûã˾ɡ
ʣλѿʼѪɱбǿʵǿߵĻָһʱҲԾơ
䣡
һħһȭ֮ϣǵعǾ飬¡
Ȼͬһʱ䣬ֱֱħţʺѪˮӿȾ
£
ħһŭȣħȻǰ֮ˡ
⣬סΣһ磬ü塣
ַϹƬ̵ʱ䣬ʱָҫ
棬ħͬħѸ޸ǰش
ħأ˻ħʿʼҵĴսħӿ׼֡
ʱԶۻƿնħʡ
춯صƹֱͬķ֣߳׻ʡ
ʣħиУһȣħΪϣֵƿն
¡
УԽ½ƿնƾħʻħϣ˵
ƺħѪӿֹѡ
ħأ˻ħʼ״ӰʣܴħʣѸ뿪ս֡
ϣĿȥλħ֮ʣûȥ׷ͻȻһƺߣһѪŻ
·ʮ׺£ħؾǰУħʳǡ
ٳ֮յħ᧿Σ̡֮


1206 Ļͬ
ԭʼħ򣬺ҹȥ֮ʣսֹͣУԶħʳǡ
ħʳУʮʱϻأ׼ӭս
֮սĿŵڻʳϵȨУµձնʼ̿
ʵϿգٳ£ϺɫԽħǧǧ״α˱Ǳĳ̶ȡ
ʳǱͣ£֮ǰʮ׺նǿ𶯻ʳһߡ
յʱ̵ʮ̫ӸУǷ˪¶һĨп֮ɫֶ꣬ڵȵһա
ħأλħĿעűɫԽ
ٵȣˡ˻ħʿڣ
ħʳĬƬ̺̾һΰɡ
˳ʵǻʳǵΣԽ⣬ʧܣ鷳ˡ
̫Ӹܷ̫λõĿһֱעʵ򣬶ٳһ̶û˼ȥܡ
һĨղϵĺħӰػǰߣһ㣬δйκα仯
ŵ£ħϵ
ʱ̫ӸУħӿʹֳħ
ԣȻһϵĴʹһûжԣŸȥ
нأڵȵһ̣
ħʳ⣬ʮ٣ѹѹ׺ʳױȵǿѹ
ʳǳ¥ϣīͳ쾲Ŀ⿴ǰ˫ƽдżɫ
¥ǰµǷʣ˲Ŀ
ʮ¡
֮һλλʿ
ͷûжԣ£Ųһ̤
¥ϣīܵˣ¡
ͳ첻ض񡣡
ӦǰĿ⿴ǰƽ
¡
īɫ£廹ûпʼǣӦڵȴᡣ
𣬻𣬺ܿͻˡ
ͬʱʵʯǰһ̫ӻµڳ֣һһϡ
ǧŰٲʯףֱʯ֮ϣΡΰĻʵǧѳΪħ
һգ̫ӵϣ׼нӻʵͳ
һһʵǰħӿ޾ħУס˻λħʱҡء
ڣ
ħʿڣƽһΣԸнͳ
Ը⣡ڼᶨ
ܺã
ħʵͷһȣħڣǿƥĻӣʵ
֣߳ʵϿգϺɫĻ˳ױ޾֮ӿʳϿȾϺɫ
ħʳֵһ̣һ߻ʵǰ˻ħͬʱ֣ۻޱȵڣħʣͬעڡ
һ̣춯صľ󺳶һĿ¶𾪡

壬ڿУƺ𣬾ҵʹÿһ羭
޾µ֮Ȼݣ壬岻ػ𣬳֮䡣
ϣϺɫΪ޴нɣ·λħԻʵеԴԴϹڡ
䣡
֮٣иУ֮ϯ׵쳹졣
Զ¥ϣ׿һĻɫƽû˿
󷽣ɫ쳣Ը⿴Ľλħʻûѡʮ¡
£
죬ȴ֪˵ʲô
ȡ
һ䣬Ŀ⿴ʵϿգûٶ˵䡣
ǰƽɫü壬оǲ⡣
ڣԽԽλʮˣͳ֮λѾ֣ʮ¾Ȼ޶ԡ
һԣīһˣ˼֮ɫ
ʳ⣬ǰҡɽУһĨٻӰ߳Ŀ⿴ʳϿյľɫ£ȴûż֡
λħߣ޾ĻˣȻ֣Ҳ޷ֹ
Զɽʥʯ塢ԨλעħʳǱõķƣڣѡ
λʱȳˡ
ɽϣ֮俪ڣһգһ³֣һӰʧ
ͬһʱ䣬ʯ塢ʥԨУӰͬ߳ħʳǡ
߶һ˺ѵʱУӰ̵ʱڣѴӸ½ԭʼħ
Ļ֣ͬԭʼħϿգؾŤԳ⾪׵
ĻʵħʳУеħ˽¶֮ɫ޷ʳǵ˽Ρ
ʳǳ¥ϣĿ⿴򶫷һĨ֮ɫ
뿪ôãǻԭʼħҪҲʱ׼ȥˡ
˼δ䣬ʳΧλƾֲ߳ѹѹ£ʱʳϿգһ޴Ѻ۳֣ĩ֮٣ħһ塣


1207 վ
ħʳǣĻ߳ħһȨġ
֮սħʳնš
¥ϣīĻɫڵˣ̫ӵ»ظ
ǣ
λʿǰ£롣
ͷûоܾתų¥ȥ
󣡡
뿪¥ϣīעǰ
һ£󷽣ʮѸжƺƵħӿɲ⡣
ǰīסγ
һ̣ʮϿգ۵ħӿǰͳ졣
ʮƣīħӿˣӰУĿעŸλߣңš
˵ħīͳʮɵʵգñһԴ˵ʵ
˵䣬ʣֵ֮³պգն¡
߾ٵۻƥĻڣɲǣ밵ֱᴩ졣
ʳϣī񣬾𣬺ħӿʮʱ䣬Լ䣬˿˿ɫС
һ̣¡ײ潻ʣΧһ޿ɱĿֲϯݿ࣬ȥؼһС
飡
һ֮ʮʿըΪѪǣɢʳǽ¡
ϣīһƺߣ˺벽Ѫ£Ⱦǰսס
ʵ𲻿ɵУȻħս޲ʤȻħͳԻʵǿߣֻаһ;
Բ飬ϧֻܰ
ǰߣ֮⣬Ԫٴ߼С
밵ƣ֮޿ɲȡ
ʽ֮ʱԶʵǰλħ˹ŻڣϧҪΪħһλµĻߡ
ʳǸʯʡʥ֮ۻʼ״ӰӳʵϿա
ͬɫ䣬ʵǰλħɫ£һŭȣħԪ߶λߡ
η
λħߣͬһƣӭС
¡
߽棬ظֲನϯʳĩա
ڻʳΣ֮ʱһֱ޶ľУһȻƥƿնֱһɢλ߽ྡྷסҡĴء
ĳ֣ʳǰ֮ΣȥԾΪģɫħӣסʳǡ
ϣλ߿·ľн֮ɫ
ģλϹʱľ콾ʵ׺Ͱ˻֮ϣ֣鷳ˡ
ʳǱǰһڣˡ
ĻʳϿգĻӳأվ֣ڵɪɪ
УעϿյλʵǿߣһħػʳǰղܻ֮ս
ɣ
ħûгֵ˼ʥ֮΢ڵ
ʯʡۻʵ˵ͷԪ߶еħ̫ӡ
ʵλħٴγ֣ħԪֱۻƥħӲ
ɲǼ䣬춯صĴನϯռ飬̱úڰ
һãѵ֣λħһƺߣ졣
ΣΣ֮ʣԶĽ⡢ǹâͬʱƿնž֮ܣֱƻߡ
ϣʯʡʥ֮ףƵ½ǹâĿ⿴ˣɱԡ
µһ棬ħս񣬰ޣ
վǸϻˡ
׻ʣ˽ˡ
ʥ֮ڣ
š
ĵͷ̧ϯ
׻ʳ֣ޡͣ£Ԫ߶һսޡ
ħսµһλʵ֮µǿֵУ٣λħǿӰ˰벽ϯ⡣
׵ս֣ʳϿգԭʼħеǿȫ֣һսԭʼħδˡ
սʱʳУһĨ߹⻪ƣһϢ
ʳǱ֮䡢īͳ콻սԽңī󣬽ѾīҲܴأѺݺᣬԳų֡
սΧǽ٣ĳɳУӰ߹ϢԶȥ
󷽣ʵϿգһ˵桢ޣԶλʩΪϺ·ħŻӡ
ǺλŻħϣֻҪȥŻ֤ĿܣħתĿܡ
ʵǰס˻λħɫԽԽأ֣֧׾
ۻʣ֣
Σͷħŭ𣬺ȵ
춯ص쳹죬һ̣ϣۻ¶һĨ΢Ц
Ը
䣬ϣĵһĻۻԪХڣһӡʯʺġ
䣡
춯صһƣףʯδֻкľʹ̲ԴʯıֱӺ⡣
㣡
ʯʻףߣ¶֮ɫ
ʵǰħʻعԪ߶ȫһƺʯʷɳʯϡ
¡
׵ħ£ʯ֮Ӧ٣ʯڣʯԴɢع֮䡣
ʯı٣ϣʯѸɢȥ׹
Զʳ⣬ףһĻɫû̫ྪȡ
Ƭ̺תǰȥ
ͬһʱ䣬ʵϿգħУ˫ȻǿҵĿ־֮ɫ
ȻһжΪʱ̫λʵ𾪵ĿУȻըѪȾ·ʵ


1208 ħ
ħʳǣս̫ӱ壬ֵһ֣𺳡
תۼܾ˵ľ棬˵ԤϣĴ廹ħһ塣
ʳ⣬ԶȥӰһͷ׷Ʈ裬ֶ꣬һ¾
ʳϿգʴлعɫ¡
ۻʣ
֮һǰīӰӹʵ֮ϣ»裬նѵ֮ʡ
ۻʲӲµȻһ䣬Է᲻ɴݡ
ͬʱµۻʵıٶȱ˻һԪ裬նϺ
֮ǿƣۻʲҴ⣬ԪԷޡ
µĽ棬˫ʽಫл޾Ϧ֮䡣
Զ׻һжʵƵħսµһ֡
ǿ߼սѷѰǿ߿󼰣ʵǰλħŭѹֵ£һ̣
ħ˱䣬Ǭ
˫ħְͬ˱̼䣬ؼ䣬ɾħεضȭźɨ顣
ϣʥ֮ɫ£һ̤¡¡У̫Իҫҫ۵Ľ⡣
ħ֣ʥ֮˻ƽʨһ˺˫ħ
¡
ħ֮ػ٣սನӣ·ħѸʧ
ۼսֲԶսϣķλħǿߣ죬ʮӰ˼䡣
ʮʳǱʮ׺ϣҫʵӳ֣Ϣ
¡ѩ˱㽻ˡ
˵һ䣬תźսȥ
ʵϿգ֣ʥ֮սλħߡ
Եսλʵǿ棬Ͷ㣬ǳ
սˣѲݰãչ־ΪҪֶɱڴˡ
ǵļƻʧˣ
ʵǰħ˻֮ܣȵ
ʹֻһˣҲҪͬ޼䡣
䣬һȣѪ壬У춯ض

Ϊ˫ħһѪȼգԵԪȫΪʥ֮УΪħԻ˼䡣
췣ħӡ
ʥޣħʥӡӦȾѪɫδĽ֮У˸֮ܡ
֮ϣиУΪ⾪֮жݡ
䣡
£谵˼䣬׹£ħʥӡԽˣѪȾ֮
ʵǰס˻λħиУɫȫ仯
λʵ֮ʱħǰ°׷Ӱβ磬ɪ䡣
ħأħһ֮أȴλħʺλѪ룬άһ;
գħһ嶥սħصķͬ裬ݼŵĻᣬݰֳɡ
ħأһȥ
ʮ£㣡
һλʹ֣δü˵꣬⻮գ
ӿѪȾɫĴأʹȻӰ£޷Ŀ
ǰӰ벽ͣйѪ£ǰ֮·ȾϼѪȡ
֪һڿ籩߹޾Ѫɱʱգȴʲô顣
ǰаλʹȫѪУ˺αЦɫñ쳣йӳһĮ
ڣλƷħԴпɿɼϹһܣħжսȫѡԷ⣬ȴɽһա
ȻʮصĽգ֪һ֣ٶħҰġ
ħԽŨǰһ޴ʯŵȥǰ·ƾճ֣Խ
㣬Ŀ⿴ǰʯţ΢΢
ţ˵Ϲ֮ʱħһĴսУȡ˱ɽػɽţħһսܣԭʼħĸӡűԶԭʼħ
ѱħԽӳ֣޷ǿ׼
̧֣ħԪУ֣֮ħѪɢǿѹ
Ȼһƣ֮ӦȣħӿѪȥϢ
룬ܵħѪϢ󣬽ƽϢ
ź󣬾仯һ޼ʵС磬谵䡣
СУɽ˷洦ɼóĵؽ磬ȥȴǺ
УĿ⿴ǰŵС磬ɫ쳣
սܣһʧ˵һܿħУˣϣ
˼ˣͿʶѰҷ䡣
ʮǧޱ޼ʵС磬һƬţܲκ쳣
ջʶôȥǰ취һżܿѱӡǶʱܹѰ
ֻǣʱ䲢࣬һλħʻ鷳ˡ
ʱȣԥգԻ
ȻһأʱɱܣСڣ֮ӿԴԴûɽ֮С
ɣС̲ȣʼҡ
֮ϣ¡¡𣬵濪ѣһѺӣֱ֮⡣
ɽС翪ʼ٣زȱԶһ޾µķӡҲ
ͻȻؼ䣬һ쳹죬ȱķӡУѪɫӰֱ춯ء
ǣ
һ̣ʵϿգס˻λħиУɫȫһ䡣
ƻ˷ӡ
λħʧһ˲ǰԴķħʥӡѹ£̣ʳϿգҫʥѹ򷨡
Զʥ֮ͬ˻ƽʨսʮߣɱ˫ħ
ΣǰλħѸٻعħħȭӲķħʥӡ
䣡
ʥħ棬ػ٣ֲྡྷɢȥĿһС
ʥ壬λħͬʱ죬´رѣݺӣħȨ۷ĻʵҲ֮

;δʥش˻ħѺ۳֣ħѪӿȾս
ڣʥᣡ
֣ݴĿһȣʥԪᣬ̣֮ϣʮۣ޾ʥӶ£ûڡ
Զʥ֮ϣӰӳսȫһȻħʣλħ߷ֿ
ʵǰ˻ħǰ谭ʣҫĿħʳǡ
ǿ֮УԽ߼ޣüģһѪѿۿء
˻ħڣѪɫȣҫۡ
һ̣Ӱ׹£УһöɫǹԻȼһС
٣˻ħӺݺһħ۶ɵ˫۽С
¡
˼ײУ˻ħ˫ۣӦɢɫǹ赲ֱֱħš

ǹ͸壬һٲõѪ˻ħƺһˣţϲ˵ǹۣ
ȻصħߣһħѸɢ룬Ԫδ壬ѱڵʥѸٴݻ١
˻ģ
ħɫ䣬𾪵
ٵĻʵǰħ߹ڵϣؿѪ£ȾȪ·


1209 ֮ս
ħʳǣսֲңսѪȾ졣
ܵĻߣһ֮䣬ˣŵĽ𾪡
ȥʵǰ˻ħ£Ⱦ죬һ£
Զ£һϢ쳣Դš
ϣʥ֮·ɢߣɫ£
ǣ޿ˡ
⣬ħɱӿһ̤ħŭһȭǰߡ
ľ޴ȭͷɽգȻ¡
·һδ壬ơ
Σһ̣ϣʥ֮Ӱӹ죬һȭӭȥ
¡
ٽ棬ֲĳλ߸˰벽ֱȾ졣
ݵĴսû·Ψս˽жԹ
ģ㻹𣡡
ΣħʿԶŭɫȵ
ȻУһƬƽûκλӦ
ʨ
սȣݰ֣ʥ֮һ̤ʨŭ𣬻ƽʨط֣
֮
籩ĹϮħ˫۽ħΣΪܵǰ
ؽ棬¡¡쳹ƽʨս˫صӣȻħܡ
Ȼһȭħؿڣܵħ߽ˣֹѡ
ȣ
ƲħǿħԪħӿѸ޸Ѻۡ
޿ɱǿȣʥ֮ȫһǱ
棬ʥ֮ɫ䲢û̫⣬ʵǿߵ£ɱ£Ҫɱһλߣ֮¡
˻ħ֮ս׻⣬ܴԭΪشʵԶ۷塣
׻ʣɻܼ֣
ϣʥ֮Ӱ£ߣʵ
棬˫ʵƣǿг͸֧
ްʥ赣ġ
תĿ⿴ǰħߣɱ
ǰ߻սʥ֮΢λ»ʱȻȲǣǣս˿ǰɱ˻ħʱǼϣ
ٵĻʵǰĴʥ֮߳ԪΪʥ׼ս
ŵˣһΪȫҫ۵Ĺ⻪˼䣬
Զϣ֮֮ʴսȣ³ɺۻȫɱۣʽ֮䣬֡
䣡
³նۻʼϣԷԪȭӹٶȺۻš
η
Էۻʲ˷ȭǿƻС
˫ȭͬʱڶԷϣƺߣ˳벽
棬ۻʳ֮һȭԷ᲻ơ
ն
ҵĴսѪδͣδͣµ죬޴ĵ𣬹ᴩǿա
һ̣ƿն£ֲƣֱնǿգؼ仮һ˵Ѫۡ
¡֮ƿնƾףʱվ١
Σ٣ۻɫ΢䣬ҫԷ¡
䣡
ǿԷì˵ײĿǰʧãȻ

ͻȻһѪգȾս֡
ԭʼħѪս֮ʱޱ塢֮սؼĽ׶Ρ
УƾԷһһελǿߵĹ
ҹǾսʱգǿϣ¥չ־ΪӰӶ䣬ǹУչ衣
սУɫԽԽأͶ㣬ӽ䱸
ǰˣһһ֣ǰ֮ˣǹͬޣ˾˵裬˼
ۺˣޣһѧǲף֣ͬѶȽӡ
Ͽգ
ߣһϿգͬĽУȻݽ⣬¥񽣻ӹ
̥֪ǡ⡢Уٳ߸ͷһ춯Ľϼֱնǿգ֮
ϧͽͣ
̧Ӳ֮ӰӶܿʱ֮
ħϮ죡
ⲻ֪һ̣·ǿƿգħ⻪նǰߡ
ħֻžҵײηɳٲ֮⣬סΡ
ǰ۳֣Էǿ¾һ
ǰ¥ͣ£Ŀ⿴ǰߣϽɫ
ķ£һѿŴ¶ȴƾԷһ
ֻƾ޷ɱˡ¥ɫص
ԶɱȻɱҲļƻóѡ
䣬ٶӳĩ֮ħȻն䡣
ɣĽڣǰսˡ
ħУħ˼δԽؽޣǻʣǷ
ħħħۻ࣬ħ̰Խ飬Ψһħ
ħն£ǣ̧Ӳħ¡һ˰벽
ԵķħâȻǿҲԾС
ԵұۣԪͣԶ񽣹⻪ͬʱȻͬĽ⣬ɱ硣
һȣǰ
¡һһ˲֮䣬ӰȪǹƿն֣Ȼؿڡ
һؽһصĹƣϢ֮˰벽ԪǿƻС
䣡
գƾȻһ¥Ӱ˳ʮ졣
ۻ˫ǿԽԽأƽ
ǵĽס
У߿ǰˣһԪӿ˫죬ٴߡ
ûС
еȱ֮ٳްɢӰӳǰˡ
췣
ʱԶʣХգٶȣһţת֮䣬ս֡
ȹŮӣͶ㣬
£ֱûߡ
⧲һģ
ս֣ս⣬µŮն绪ӡ
һԣĿעսеѾͷˡ
š
ĺѩͷƽʦ¶ô꣬ҲѧԼչ߷ˡ
ϧ֪
֪̾һΪػϧˣսһûͣϢʱ֮٣֪£һ꣬Ϊ
ʧȥ֪ʧĲһѣȱһǰ·ϡ
ĺѩĬĿ⿴ǰɫƽּᶨ
ϧ𣬲ϧΪʦߣԼĵ쾭壬ֻԼ顣
УۺʱӦĵ˽Ⱦ
ͬǰ֪ʱĻֹһҪĵλʺôһ˿ԥʧֲܣҲ֪
콣
ս֣𣬾˼Ľں֮˼䡣
ǿգ緱ǣ֯һǺӣ֮ž


1210 ˴
ޱ֮սԽңؼʱ̣콣ƿն
ں֮Ľưƥֱӹᴩǿգնߡ
ǰδ֮ؼӳ֣״һȭӲС
콣ನΧǿգһſŴǾҡѺݺᣬȻը
˵ףӿನУ⼲۶ǹâڣǿա
¡һδһ𣬾ҵನХǿҡ
˳֣ٶѹƣıľƣǿ׶ռơ
ʹ콣м٣Ŀ֮䣬
ħǧ滮̩ɽ
Ȫǹǧ䣬֮ޡ
ǿ֣սǿߣһʱ䣬֧׾
¡¡𶯣ڶսģǹâǿѹߡ
ûС
ʾƱ仯֮У밵ϯء
¥ǰȪХգ֮䣬ǧ򻯣Ӳеȱ֮С
Ȼһм¥˫ήɢ롣
ȣ
һ̣¥Ĺ⻪ڣޣɢȥ֮С
ྡྷɢ룬¥˫Ѹ޸صĹ壬ȥΣ
֮ٴʧЧɫ£δ룬ǰħ
ƮĺħΪʵʣ˼ħԽƣΨһ
¡ĩ֮ն䣬ɽֵ̧һ𣬽˰벽
ߺˣϢ𵴣ǰ
һ˲֮䣬սУؼ٣˲ǰ
콣ƿգƣܻ֮۷˼٣߻Ԫ
Ԫƣ콣ۼף֮䣬콣̶Ħ쳹ǿա
£
ŭȣ̧һƣֱǰŮӡ
Σǰۣ֮ȴѵȻһѪηɳɡ

⣬סΣһѪŻ׶ܴ
ս⣬ĺѩ΢΢һ¶һĨ֮ɫ
һԣܵŮӵ仯һ̾
̫飬飬ݼڣվں
صģѾͷ˷˱ԴǱѰô׳¡ο
ĺѩͷֻǣɫĵǣڡ
ΪʱĻĿλһ˵Ȼõ˱ԴӹŹ߻أҲѽĺ֢
Ļڰһ֮ʱѾӦһΣ쳾£Ե޹Ѫԣòǡ
ս֣ҵսȣǿɱߣսУơ
ǰۼ׵һһεػԷ᲻ơ
˵ķǿֹȷΪչҪɱĴ󻼡
ػݣԡѪս񳯣Ϊ壬սߣսУ˫ּᶨһգҡ
ˣΣħΣ׽٣Ψġ
ȥԣȥ飬ħһġ
սϣսħȾ죬Ȼ֮ȴǸӼᶨ
ֻأ֪ӣнӷ˴УеĽػ塣
ǿգݺᣬԡѪսǿǣƾƼ಻ð벽
ս⣬ĺѩǰսнɫ
أУϢԽˣڼ
иУ׿Ŵĵɫ£ʱ佫ˡ
˼ˣһȣһ
¡
ɲ֮䣬ֲǿ֮ϣһǧɵӰ֣֮࣬ס
·նԵ쳣ϢҪʱˡ
ʤ֮սУ಻֣ȫ
ħȪϢ󣬷ħֻأ޴ͬʱԻ֮սβ
ħתǧ꣬Ϣħ裬ħԾ
̤һն£ǿվ顣
ħն춯صĴըħӰɳǧɣѪȾǿա
𣡡
һشŭ𣬲ֱǰ
ˣ
¥Ŀ⿴һ۲ԶѾͷһ䣬һ̤Ȫֻأײǰ
ĳֻغشӦನϯǿձɫ
սģٵһ˲һƺߣشɡ
һ˲֮ǿϣչᣬɻǣֱֱײǰߡ
¡
㾡ΪһǰػۼӦ飬콣壬һٲõѪ

壬ˣƺߣǰѪ¡
ش֮ʣͻȻӿһ͡
״бҫ۵ĹâһƣȻӡǰš
ۣ֮ηɳشһ

ĵһĻս⣬ĺѩɫһ䣬Ӱս֡
ǧ֮⣬סεϢ쳣ۻɴ
ʦ
ػһ䣬ʶһصȥ
ĺѩסǰߣӰս⣬ӹе콣ڵæտ
š
ԵѾͷԪ̽룬ɫ΢䡣
صˣˡ
ǰĺѩûжͣŲһ̤˲ս֡
սУشߣǰۼƬԷƣƾԡ
Ȼǧ⣬˫ǿͬشһս͹ȡ
£ŵס𣿡
ĺѩɨԶӣƽ
Գŵ֮ʱ
Ӧ
ĺѩͷûٶʣĿ⿴ǰߣ̤ӳ
죬ţԽؼ޵ٶȣʤǰķˡ
һδ񣬰ٻӰǰ
ϸֳ֣콣һƿնٴδš

бȣȴûзס⾪׵һ壬ٴδһѪ
һ磬ǰУڣݺᣬ½档
ĺѩüһ̤齣˳
ǧ⣬ĺѩζ£Ŀ⿴һһҵˣƽΪ̫࣬Ϲأͽˡ
ף
¡¥ͬʱӦ£ǿѹƣӰӶٴս
󷽣ĺѩһϢϻۣȴʱ׼һ
ս֣䲻ǰǰŻ֮ȴǸӲңشˣаĿ
˵ĴսĹͷͬʱԭʼħħУֻ֪ȥħߴС磬˳𣬷쳹ء
ӡƿѹķһƷ޴ĻΣġ
˫עԶʵĻգУɷûС
תۺӰȥ
ϣǰӰͣ£Ŀ⿴ǰڵˣؼˡ
ƽ˿ȴ·ݾܾ
ǰȼյĻӰУһ˲л긴գţ־㲻
һ̣ϣԴԴû֪ڣʱʮأ˼䡣


1211 
ħأ˻ع飬־û֪ڡ
壬Ӧ飬һֱ޶ѹΪҲһ˿ȻֻǶһ˲ȴɸС
Ϣ仯ħɢ
ɲǼ仯ʣ˼䣬˼ָ߹
ħ䣬ʵǰħ𵴣Ŀ⿴Զأһ̣һıԵη
ħʮӣԭЩ꣬ǾȫŪС
䣡
ʧһ˲ʥ֮ʮǳ
ħѸٻعȭӳħƣӲʥ֮
ѵһλ߸Ѽǿ쳣ײƵ
׵ľսͬʮϳֵѡ
ȣ
λ˻Ԫ޸˲ϢӰӳٶײ
ȼˣϻײѳֲĴսҡʳǶ˱ٵļޡ
ԶУļ״һȣħϯٴ
ħأΣĻʳǣħеΪŰȴҲԸǨŭ޹ա
սħʾΣ֮ʱԶۻͬ·硣
֮־նᴩ¶޴ĵâǿգֱֱվۻϡ
һѪĿĲк죬ۻʿһƺߣ
ʺ쾡ȾۼףѺݺύԷƣ
ۻ𾪣ǰѵۼףϾ֮ɫ
ͬΪʵΪ϶Ʋķ
ֳ³һǰһɱӿڷ̵
ۻԣɫ£ַתԪӿȶ
ǰЦһ̤羪ƿն
³۰£һգ±飬ֲܣ˾塣
ۻ̧֣ԪӿȻһµ⡣
ߣۻʷһƣԪӿȻڻš
ǿһƣ޾ƺһӰʮɡ
ѪȾǰս£ת˲ıս֣֮ش
ƿʵķΣ䣬ô꣬ɺ޳
ۻʷһ䣬ڣѹơ
ܺã
䶨ΣĿ⿴ǰߣս
ҵս֣ಫȫܴһʧܵսܿܣ
ħ壬ب֮ǰһԽĴɽѹ˰̫á
񳯣ɽҡڼ
ʵǰؼս֣׻ʡʥִ֮սħߣǿĻ𵴣ǿħʣ¶֧׾̬֮
ʵ𣬺쳾Ϊɣֻں䣬Ȼħħ಻ܵλ֡
֣֮ѲתħϣԽԽأħѪȾʵ
ԶУħ崫޶ԣû˿ֵ˼
ʳУħ棬¶Ļʳǣħʴȣͬʳȼյħ棬䳹ǡ
¡
ʵǰҵĴײħϿգħһħӡ֣ǣؼ֮ǿеλߵĹơ
ĵƣԶݣ˵ħϯħѹˡ
𣿡
ʥ֮״ɫַתؼ䣬˳죬˵¶Уһɫ¯𣬿񱩵Ļ󺣡
̫¯֣˫֣ϣңŵħ˲ϳײƾˡ
֣ʳϿգʵκӿػʳǵħɢȥ룬Գ⾪춯صĻ
üͷ壬Ƭ̺󣬳һΧħ죬ħУŵɳʳǸ
֣һΪţûʳǴأǿжҡء
ʵǰսԽңλ棬ʤ֡
ս壬ħʣʥ֮羪Σ۱ΪһС
ħ󣬺ɫħգħ⻪¡
ʥ֮ϿգɫԻâɢָ
мǧ⣬Ӱ趯ʥԪڣɫС
ɲǺħϣ˵ײħ˼ٶȽ档
¡ҫ۵Ĺ⻪˼䣬ҵײУʵϿգʱձ٣ڰ
֮󣬵ؼ䣬һ׹볾һ
ͻȻƺϣʥ֮ѪȾء
Զ׹볾ħߣѺ۱鲼һߡ
ǰУɫǹ֣һǰҪսճ־õһս
ħ崹ΣĴħڼͻȻʣһɿֲħѹ£Խڳÿһˣ޵С
ǣ
һ̣ħأиУĿ⿴򶫷ɫ΢
һħʣ
ڻǻˡ
ʳϿգ׻ʡʥ֮ʥ˸ܵԶ˵ħɫͬ仯

ش۷λߣĿעԶƿ߳ĸħߣɫ¡
Զϣһħȶ̤磬롣
ˣ
ʥһعĿ⿴Զλߣѵ
ʵǰ׻ʡʥ֮һۣȻʣȴҲ֪ȥӰӳս֡
ߣ
ϣһλħߣʮ׺
ʮ׺˿ɣӰͬˣսȥ
ȫתսֻ֣Ϊһ˵ĹһħʣħԵĸ֣ڳˡ
ԭʼħսֱ仯ʱ죬ޱ򣬾˵һսͬӽβ
սĺѩչ˵ٶȣǿ߶޷ǰ߶
һһң¥ǰΪĺѩһĻᣬǿѹƣâ
Уָ춯ء
ʱش߲Ըϣˡ
Ĵײ˫ǿӲǿߣֲ񺿡
ನɣˣŴ¶
ǧ⣬ĺѩԵٶȣܿϮֲ
ǿϣ磬ٱڶδգ۵˲䣬콣ֱֱš

壬˲пȳһѪ˫֮ɫ
ˣˣ
׿Ŵĳй⻪ʢŭɫһȣȻ
ˣ
ĺѩ״ɫ΢䣬һ䣬Ӷ˳ս֡
Զ¡¥벽Աֱǧ⡣
У˵ɳתۼ䣬ʧ
Ϊƣһ·۶ȥٶԽԽ죬תۣԽǿգԶĺ
У볾ͨǰվһöƿնŤ
֣ҵĻʱɢ
һȣһϣʱͨȻ
Ĵ𣬷ӡԭʼħʮصӡӦ٣ನ˲߲лꡣ
һ̣¶οЦݣ޺
ԭʼħӡ٣رã½Ͽգ޴г֣磬״ͨ
ħأŶʵı仯̾Ļˡ
ٶӰգһϢָ
İ׷쳣תŶȥ
λǵڣ
սƽĮ塢ħ֮սʱʮأٶȿ


1212 ֪
ԭʼħ𾪵ĿУħʮ̫ȥʧʡ
֪ͨع飬ػ졣
ʵϿգλʵǿ߿һĻɫȫ¡
ħʮ̫ӣ֮ˣ
ˣ
Ŀڣ
һ£ձѸȥ
Զʥ֮ʥͬûս뿪ս
ʵϿգ˵ħӿһħʴĿ⿴ų˵ߣɱ
һ̫ˣ
Զۻʿڣ
һħʻףŴΣħʣһ˲ǰ
һȣһħħԪӿԴԴûħڣסһ˿档
ϣ桢޴Ŀ⿴ǰҵľɫ¡
桢ޣټа˲ڣһսһħƽ
ǣ
תʵǰȥ
ħ潥˫Ŷʣһ̾
ʦ𣬱Ǹ
УһĨõӰ֣
еһǷ㲼µľ֣
¶п֮ɫ
ǡ
ϣͷʵشҰģΪİΣֻΪǿشħΪ׵İ塣
ΪʦĿ࿴ˡ
̾һ֣ħʧأ塢ʥʯ塢壬һЩ壬ԭʼħǣһսԪˡ
֣ܵһ壬ΪİΣӲò²ߣʦʧˡϣٶһǸ
ˣûдֻǲ֪ġ
Ŀ⿴ԶʵǰĵħӰĸӡƣսɱ⣬ԭʼħ٣ʵȻ֮ϣĴɽѾڣҲû˳壬Ҫ׼
лʦѣס
ӽϣ֮աĳһ̾
ĬֻͬǵˣˣĲ粻
ãٶȹһûٶ˵ʲôӰȥʧ
죬У߳⿴Զ⻪üͷ
׿ͨƬ̺תȥ
ԭʼħһսԪˣҪ忪սҲҪʱ׼ڼ䣬뾡ðš
ʮպ޼򽻽磬¹ŵϿգӰ֣ɢȥ谭ǰĴС
һ̣¹ŵУһλλиУĿ⿴ʡ
̳ǰһλ׷΢¶֮ɫ
˾
ʱ꣬Ϥٴγ֣һǧǧ˹񣬹ӭ˾
ϣӰǰˣ¶΢Цɡ
л˾
ߵ
ԶһλɫŮӾĿ⿴ǰˣЦ⡣
ӣ
ŮһѹƲס˼
ǧǧǰתĿ⿴ԶˣЦ㣬ϧ
䣬˱ǶӦһĨůĽ뻳УС
֣Ļ˵Դ΢Цˣⲻǻ𣿡
Զ΢ЦƢ
ž
ǰֱ̧֣һǰ˵ĶͷЦдżΣգһ߾ô꣬һϢûУǳӲˡ
ԣһ٣Ц̽£Ƭ̺ЦԲ㵣ˣ뿪ʵЩæûüк²Ϊ
Уϧ̧ͷһԵŮӣ㣬һҪµˣͱˡ
һЦŮǲ٣ѾͷУҹʲôǶԵġ
أôѾͷ
ĿɨΧԸ񣬼Ӧñ˭ܵĶǡ
ͳѩȥˡ
ӦʱҲûˡ
ͷ뿪ʱ䣬ں췢ʲôİǿû£
壬⣬㰲֣ЩȴǸ˲СĶ
Щ귢Žһ飬ڤش֮¡
ţһɱ֣ѹֵԭʼħʱо£ԭڵ췢ô¡
ô
Щĵʵ
סΪʵвСֻǣ̫أǿӹȴҲ˲Сĺ֢޷Ȭص
˽̸䣬ʥϿգٻӰ֣бشԵʥء
ϤϢ֣ʥУףʣ
ˡ
ϣĺѩҲܵ·ϤϢһ̤¡
˲Ϣ󣬰ʥУӵˣɫƽʱʮٴû涣ûжŮ鳤еֻǼ򵥵ĵͷ⡣
ˣûд󰭣һʱ伴ɡĺѩǰеѾͷ˳ȥ
ӹδѵлЩ꣬ˡ
Ӧõġ
ĺѩƽ˵һ䣬Ŀ⿴ߵˣͷһкǰȥ
󷽣ǰԶȥıӰһ˿ϧ
ѩԸżƣļǿͽǳܼΪ˻ĳѡ̫飬һ˿ĳǵҫʱ·㿲Ĳά衣
飬ȴʼߵһ𣬲֪컯Ūˣ˵Ե޷֡
㣬ȴȥˡʼմ΢Ц
š
ͷ
Ҳȥ
һԣϧԸµ
Цɡ
ϧĵЦ첽ȥ
ʥضᣬһ䰲᷿УеѾͷ£ڵС«Сæ
䣬ռС«ɳ۾ŴϻԵŮӣüͷͷӣɳҪġ
ЦЦá
ǰߴӦС«ػعͷЩ۵ҧԼָСѪǰŮӿС
ˡ
꣬С«ɻأɳҪ˲
ġ׵
⣬ڵĿԺУµٻӰǾطӣ˲¡
ҹ΢΢Щ⡣
᷿߳䣬Ŀ⿴£¶һĨº͵Ц⡣
һǽ˽ԸܵԷĴڣȴ˭ûп˵һ仰£ϧ֮׵ʱ⡣
ԶϧǰӣƲƲ죬Ҳ֪ӺĺôģԷǰȴԸ˵еĻ
ǲԸ˵ǲ˵
̾Ȼŵˣ㲻粻˵

ϧ룬ЩͷۣҺòǰȥʦ𣬲Ȼ¾͸ˡ


1213 
¹ŵأ¸գ£̳̳ϣӨ׵¹֣ʥ˫
ǰӰ·Ծÿһ·
̳ǰһ̣׷һ񣬵ӭ˾
Щӣˡͣڵ
Ӧġ׷
ףûٶ˵ż̨ȥ
̨֮ϣ⻪ԽӭӰ´˾
·ϼ̳Ŀ⿴ǰ⻪ҫĿͣ½Ų
񡣡
˾ˡ
֮ϣ¹ۣһĨõӰ֣绪˲Ŀ
һʡɫ
˾ԡϣ
Ϲʱԭʼħս֪ɫ
֪һ
񲻽ʵ˾Ϊλдʣ
֪ϹʱʵʲôսŶǿߡʵ
ʵ
һ䣬Ľ͵ľֳΪʲô˾Ӧ֪
쳾ɾش
ͷ쳾ɣ쳾Ϊɣɽٺ»֣󾳽磬һ룬ٶ˵ڶ߾߾ߣϹʱҲܳƵһۣڵʵƿԼط򣬿ԿһСΪԼãʵ̥ǣĴɽд֮ʱʵһƺɾɽΪ
ԣûв廰ǰ˵ȥ
ϣңԶĻ֮ɫǸʱ򣬴ﶦʢĴɽУȴǿɽ֮ɾսʱȻ𶼲׵Ȼһ˳⡣
ڤ߾졣
š
ףڤǿѷǳԽͣڤԸ߽࣬ײ֣بڤٵĴָȴˣ֪ڤĴڡ
֮ԣϹʱԭʼħʵ壿ʵ
ǡ
ҡͷԭʼħʵʵԶԶǿ壬߾ǾˣԪƾãֻҪþã߾̫֮£ȻԪȱݣ߾Զѷڰ壬ǸʱħֵʢһʮħʣԭʼħĻʵսʮλʵȻĴɽҲеѹ
ʮλʵ
ԣɫþ˵֡
ԭʼħʵսҲλ⻹סһλϹʱյĻߣʮλʵӴǿ߾ȻҲսˣʵš
ʵԭʼħĻʵ𣬽Ϲʱкܴ࣬쳾Ϊɣվɣ˵֮ԪϴʵرҲΪʲôĸķӡʱʮأԭʼħҪܴ򿪡ƽ
ʲôԪ
üѵԭʼħ֮ˣҲҪֶ𣿡
ԪһָߵȼرԴ
룬ͬԪħħԪԪһ̶ȣۣٶȽüҪͱ񡣡
ɫȷˣ̤֮ϣز٣񲻿ԽԽ٣ҲǿΪսҪԭ
ԪħԪԪԼļޣ޷תΪ߼رԴ֮˱ԶͣͲǰʮʵ֤ʵյļޡ
Ҫͻޣʵ
ϹʱĴɽлɳأ˼ߣ뻯ɳأ̥ǣɱΪԪȻ䣬ʵȴرͬԭʼħҲԼֶΣϧʱգеЩѲڣȫ˥䣬ʵͬ£ɿƾƾõԪǿʵΪ˻ɳأʵʶʽ˥Կ塣
ԭˡ
ɫ£룬ԭʼħһλϹʱյһħʣΪȻʵǿͬ˵ѹȴǽȻͬǷ˵ַߣ
ԣüɫ֣ԭʼħǿ𣬼ϹʱλʵɱһΣҪӡԼҲնԭĺ쳾ɾ˵ûԭǡ
ԭҲǺҺȷλһħʵʵԶ֮ϣпܾеķߡɫص
ĬƬ̺󣬿ڵˣҪСˣǿߣڵܹ⣬Ȼ廹лʵǿߣϹʱɾսͬ޷ħ
ü鷳ԭλһħʻˡ
˾ܸܵΪһǿѹ쳾ɾǰ㿴ʲô
ŻһӰʵ˵
ϣ񾲾ǰԣü壬ɽ֮λĸǿߡ
˵δţͬѰ˵ľҪȹδйĴٷ̤쳾ɾҲػģȻǽ٣һжɽֻ֮ǻûҵѡ񿪿ڿο
ס
ͷзط֮ʱֲΪȱʧָΪ֮£һѰ
ô룬ˣ˾жȣĪҪ̫ǿԼ͸֧Լ̫ľʱˡٴȰ
¶һĨ΢Ц÷ʱһ£ڻʱ򡣡
ԣһ֪̾Լļ֣ʱûλĶɽ֮ԭʼħսʤ㣬һɣҪ׼
ЦЦΪھͷһɵĿܶûˡ
ͬʱ޾ǿ⣬δ֪񾳣һλµվɽϣĿ⿴˼䣬ɣһĨâ
ǻˣҲãԭʼħս޿ɱ⣬ʱ׽һ¡
ϣݵŮϣ˫һƬ͡
ˣǲǴսҲҪʼˡ
δ֮Ƿʦ˵ǰ㣬Ψһѡأ
ȸǸüˡ߿ڣɳƵ
š
ϣȸͷʦĪҪ̫ϣҲϲͬҲϲҡ
ǵˣǶ㲻˵ġ
ȸӦ˶ˣעҪӣûѡ񡣡
ȸĬƬ̺󣬿ڵпȸΣ֮£᲻Э
ûжȰĿ⿴ǰǿգɳƵȥɣҲ֮ͻıԼ뷨
ȸףûٶתΣɽȥ
ȸ뿪ãһλµڵʦң


1214 ȸ֪
δ֪񾳣߷֮ϣ֮µݾ֮飬žأȻʵཥ;ƿ֮ʱ
󷽣µŷϵߣʦ
ɽˣ߿ڵ
ꡣСӦ
ɽˡɳƵ
Сԣ¶ɫȸߣ뿪񾳱ֻʣʦһˣӿɷȿȸɽ
ء
ƽỹû˥˵Ҫչ˵ĵزԼΣ뿪ɡ
С׳Ĭú󣬹һ񣬵ʦӱأħƽٻ̷˼ҡ
˵꣬Сûٶԣתɽȥ
뿪УһƬֻʣһˣ¼š䣬˸о˿ů
ɽ֮ϣʼվؿ˼䣬ĿӲƿƬ̡
ͬʱԭʼħһħʹսѸתħ˲ڣ⣬ȫѣ˵ս¡
սΪףħ˲սڽڰˣķѣħԪˡ
Ĵ壬ʯʵ䣬ʯ屻Զħ巴ʱҪĴڣһʱ䣬սּΪһٰܡ
壬̳ϣʢװµľĿ⿴Ŷ½ʱп֮ɫ
ħʮ̫ӣͬǻʱϢߵʱȴ˼ҫ۵Ĺ⻪
ʱգûκʤ㣬λһħʵĻع飬ı̫ࡣ
ֻлʵսдƣǰħ֣֮ǱʤȯգҲԭ򣬰в嶼ɳ干ͬԸħ壬ħ֮ƣ˿衣
ħѾʵԱף˵ħ塣
˾£岻ټվħĶ棬ħ֣֮ơ
һգħʮ̫ߵѣ˿ûаһλ࣬ǽԭʼħԪˣĻ𣬵¡
̳ϣĳ˼ͻȻһƺߣǴһĨѪ£Ⱦʢװ
ʳһսʩչУһԪȫ͸֧ʵǿųգ۷塣
ϣħӿһĨõӰ߳ħ쾪ر䡣
һħһȴǸһƥеĿֲѹ춯صĻԶѰʵ
ûжһ䣬̧𣬾׵һƣ쵸
һħʣ֮ʵһƾ죬ݿࡣ
̨ϣ񣬲Ҵ⣬һ֣Ʊ䣬̨Ƶˣ۶
һӭϣӲһħʸħ
¡һƽ棬䣬̳ܣǧټƵļ̳٣Գ˽
һ̳֮ϣ˾ɢѪ¡
ȻĲ࣬Ȼ˼Ҳֲһħʣһ
ٲ֮ڣӵĿ⣬һ߱䣬һ߲ͣصԴϢ
úһħɢȥûٳ֡
ʼգ˶û˵һ仰ȻĿ⽻֮ʱȴһˡ
˱
̳ϣĿڣص
ԭʼħսǰʮ׺ͬʱ׻ʵɫһ
ͬһʱ䣬ɽʥ˱¡
ħ֣֮һħʻָϹ۷սһ̣
죬ʥأǰ̸֮ʱԭʼħ˽Ҳ˲١
һ⣬кβͬɫʵ

ϣһ㣬Уʵ壬ףɣļ£ɾĴɽ֮ʵǾˣԱ𡣡
ԣĬԭ졣
ڤأڵ
ͬ
¶֮̾ɫ߾죬ӹҲûκܹӽľ硣
λɽ֮أü
ĬƬ̺ҡͷɽ֮Ǿ߾ˣǣӦѷһȻֻԼ⣬Ͼ˴δʽ֡
ɽ֮ʷǿߣ壬еУҲֻλԽһеڤ
ˣлĽ󡣡
ϣףӰ黯Ϣ󣬻Ϊ»ʧ
ʥ⣬޾ǿռ䣬һλϵŮʻȸʽ˼䡣
ʥУиУĿ⿴ʣ΢΢

ֽʱŮֹ
Ȼ֪Ůǣȷϲ
ܵų⣬Լ˵Ϊʲô
ʥ⣬Ŀӣ㵱ڵĴ˽յһʽĿУΡ


1215 ʿ
ʥأȸ٣˫ȴʼմһĨĮС
񾳿ȸӦŮٺ쳾˼䡣
ʥؼ̳ϣŴŮӣɫ΢
ȸ٣ĿУתλǰ̳ȥ
̳£׷£Ů
ʥϢϳ֡
תǳǳۼǰһÿ·޷ֹȸǰС
̳£׷״΢׿һۼ̳ϵĴ˾ȴ
ްɡڣƽ
׷ԣͷûжԣÿǰ·
ǰУʱ̳ǰעʽ档
ȸ񾳡ϣȸڣ
ƽûаǽӣֻزʶ֮е̬ȣ˭ֺ˭
Խڡ
̳ϣڣӦ
ʦ¶Կԭʼħûκ񣬿ȸֱ⣬ƽ
ԣ𣬵ȸʦΪôȷһԿԭʼħ
棬֮ϣȸûлش壬ҲûбҪش
̳ϣ״ҲûеȴʷΪңȸʦӦλĻʵ𣬶Կħˣ
Ϊδ֮ȸش
üش𣬲⡣
ȸĿ⾲ǰߣƬ̺ƽ񾳵ְػ˼䣬Ըͬ㲻ҪػߵֻҪΪ֮ӵ㹻ػϧˡ
ԣ𣬵ԣǿΪǰħң񾳲ѹ
˼ֻ񾳲ΪԭʼħĴٽ񾳲׸˼֮¡ȸʵ˵
񾳾Ȼ֪ԭʼħĴڣΪβֹԭʼħɫĮ
ħ޿ɱ⣬ֹһΣֹڶΣ񾳷ȫ֪ȫܣȻħҪ˼䣬ʦдʱҪùʦ󡣡ȸ
мλʵ
λȸӦ
΢ֻλ̫ˡ
ؾ䣬Ӱ죬ҪԶħ壬ʦλ˵ԪѲ࣬ԣħҪʱƽȸ͵
Ҫʦһλʵ𡣡
£᲻
ȸҡͷ뿪񾳣׻ȥλˣʦ֪䣬Ҳ֪
ô˵ԮֻйһˣЦ
Ŀǰȷˡȸͷ
˽̸䣬ԶٻӰĿעż̳ɫ졣
㣬λ˭
ϧʵ֪ΪΣλϵŮӣһηĸоָоܲϲ

ҡͷϢŮͬѰӦûе⡣

һԣĺѩ
ԣü壬ѩ˼ǣŮࣿ
٣Ǵࡣ
ĺѩף
ˣŮ¾͸ˡ
̳ǰȸܵԶĿ⣬ĿȥƬ̺󣬿ڵ֪뱣ǣֻܽ񾳵İţⲻвͬ᲻Υȸǰ㡣
գûվڹǰ
ԿħһȥǣҲκ˵İţǹе
ǣԸСӣϵϲ
δ䣬֮ϣƱãҫ춯صѹ򷨡
ʵ
иУĿ⿴ʣɫ¡
̳ϣȸҲ¶ɫλ˾Ȼˡ
ĿУʣһĨӰֳֳȣϣԣĸ֣ۡ
˼ʿĴ磬զ࣬һ˵Ļ˭ǰ˾һλʵ
ˡϣȸɫ
ȸ𣿺ǺǣСﶼôƯˡ
ʿǰЦ
̳ϣ£һ񣬵ǰ
Ӵǰ֮ˡ
ʿͬüͷһ㿪֮ɫһϵĺúõģС㲻Ҫ
ǰ˵Цûд⡣ֱ΢Ц
㣬İ׻ôˡ
ʿƤЦⲻЦСӣʱһԣɷǣһǰˣûһҲаʮϵɲԸǵĺ󳾡


1216 
ʥأʵ˼ʿĴ磬ײࡣ
̳ǰˣ亮ѣ¶οЦ
Сӣ֮ͷ˵ϣϵǰڿǷɷƺҲûʲôġʿ´ǰˣֱԲ
ֻ֮һ֮Ե֪λǰΪֻۣ˵Цѣǰ赱档ƽ
ǡ
ʿһЦϼһɴӲЦ˵ϣһǣǫ顣
ЦЦû϶˵ϣҲûʸ˵ˡ
ԭʼħȥˣʿʵ
ȥˡ
ͷʵ۽硣
ãԭʼħսʤ㣿ʿֱʵ
һɡֱԲ
һԣ֮ϣȸü壬ֻһɻ
СѾͷΪ𣿡ʿĿ⿴ϵŮӣʵ
ǰƣӦдɻᣬ֪ȥԭʼħΪ˽⣬ֹ̫ˡȸӦ
ֹ۲ǻ¡
ʿЦԭʼħ֮ڻߵʵǿֻҪı䲻ˣ彫ԶƣԣһĳɳҪ֮¡
֮ϣȸĬԪ㣬ȱҪ뿹壬¡
ԭʼħλʵУǿһħʣϹʱգʵ£ε´ħܷȡʤĹؼ
һ
ʿ𣬵ԭš
ǰ֪ˣ
Ϲʱʮħ֮һȻĩβǣӻħ߳ħûߣʵԿɾʿ
ʮħȻҴߣһսʮħѾȫս𣿡һԣȸü
Ϲһս֤߶ȥʮħǷȫս˭֪ҴҲ֡ƽ
ʿͷĿƹԶļλŮӣ¶Цݵñ־ļŮޣС޸ǳ
ˡ
򵥵˵֣ûж粵
ʿؿţãĿƻأһԵǰˣɫСӣʶԭʼħͻʵʵӦףǰﲻæģһսԼ˵ǣȰһ䣬һȫ֮ǹɡ
ԣĬûб粵
ǲŲ׸
ʱ˶ߣһۣԶȹŮӳ֣ʿ¶ŭ
ˣʿɫŮޡ
һϣȸɫҲ΢΢ݣˣ
񡣡
һ䣬֣ǰͿȸ
ǰߵĺǳ⣬ԹԵǰһǰȸ
ʿеĲ¶ԼΪƵЦݣС벻һ޵еʦӽԺ˼ߣ
ԣ䱸ؿһǰģˣʹҡͷ롣
һԣȸ״ҲȻЦɲڻĺųЦݣ
λĹЩ˽⣬֪ΨһĵӣнߵıԴʲףֻǣ벻֪˱ԴҲ
˸ɫһЦǰ˰꣬ѾͷѾˡ
ʿźһ̾εҡҡͷϧˣõӡ
˽̸ʱͻȻǿҡңԶĺħӿһɿֲ쳣Ϣħ˼䡣
ǣ
̳ǰиУɫ΢䣬ħս񣬰ޡ
ô죡
ǰʿͿȸҲܵңԶǿԼֵľħɫ΢
ħѿƥлʵˡ
սҪʼˡ
ع̾
δء
ʿĿ⿴Զһ˴ӦΪعʮ꣬룬ֻҪڣʵǿҪҲҪصĴۡ
ԣüͷ壬ʲôˣǰ֮Ļʵǿ𣿡
ǻʵҲʶʿƽӦ
ޱ޼ʵУħӿħս񼴽
µħֲ˲Ȼ޾ǿգܡ
ʱǰһɫµӰĿʣĿ䣬ʦȣ˲Ŀ
֣ͨǰͣ±󽣼ܣħս߳
ʱռͨУħӰԻһĨӰ֣ħҡǳ
ħս񣬴Ĵ棬׶ᡣ
ͨǰ߳Ŀ⿴ǰص½ߣ£֡
壬ȻеǰС
ߣ㣬֣޿ڣ
ࡣ
˫˫γƽ˫̡
ֲ޲Ҵ⣬գӿħУһɫǹ֣ħ棬ӡ
ħ֣ħϯ죬ûжԣħƿա
Ŀ֮䣬ħ棬Ȼս쳹ǿա
ս֮ʱңԶĽسǣ³¥У޼ݵ¥֮ͣ£ڵ𽡣
䣬֨ѽһƿһλɴŮ룬¥
ºһˡ¥ƽ
ǣ
תŷȥ
¥衰¡衱ּУ°׷ħ߱ĿˣԶĿ⿴ǰŮӣԻ
£Ƕ̫̫࣬ħʵѾҪˡ
ڣ֪ĻŮ֮飬Ψһ顣
һͬգĶ͡
ˣ
⣬֮𣬺룬Ĺӣ¥롣
У˵˫ۣӦл֪ˡ
䣬Ϣǰȥ
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ּ䣬ڣһҴ멵¥Ⱥ򣬴˽󣬿ڵ֪ˡ
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ͬʱԽʥǣ죬ᴩصɫУһλµӰ߳üɫ֮Ρ
үģͻˣ
ԽʥУŰϻصһλλʥǰռֲ֣ûһᣬæԼ顣
ʲô
ԶԽŭ
ǰŮӣǳ̱ʵˣȻڵʵѳǰߣǣǰӰڣҳ
Ҫ㣬Խ
ң
ǳԣ¶죬ƨƨǰһֺЦݵ߽ԽԽƯˡ



1217 
Խʥǣ໨Ʈ㣬һƬĿ֮ɫ
԰С鿣һλ׷µ߾У˫ɣȴǳǻ۵Ĺâ
Խ˼еĴǻߣǧ꣬͸˼ƣˡ
С⣬ʥǵ񽫴ǳСǰͣ½Ųǳ
ţȥɡԽڵ
ǣ
ؿһۣתȥ
Сڣǳǰɫ
Խ΢Ц
л
ǳ䱸ؿһܣоûʲôǰ
˶ˣԽЦ
ʮꡣ
ǳʵ
ʮ꣬ɳ˲١Խ
Щһѣǳפ㲻ǰһαľҡǳЦ
ܵīŵھĸҪúϧԽѵ
֪
ǳͷЦЦ
ԭʼħ֮Ŀռͨսܿͻή٣ҪȻΪѾͻƣ뿪ɡԽƽ
ǳĬƬ̺վһ񣬵Щ꣬лչˣǳм
Խƽǰ֮񣬿ڵħƽ˻ϼһ߽ǡ
һ
ǳͷӦڡ
˵꣬ǳеĲתȥ
Ѿˣɡ
ǳ뿪ãԽһԵ໨ڵ
໨Խ߳Ӣ˲˸С
ԼΣĵȴɣվġԽ̾
š
΢΢ףӦ
ͬʱ򣬷ʥأʥϣȹŮӾȻĿׯϡ
ʥϣǧǧСɳֱĿо޾ԶԸɽԸɽϣգ˼䡣
ؽķڰȾ쵼£ָյĶʢʤꡣ
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ԶԸɽϣۣһׯ֣ڵ
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Ⱦ𣿡ԡ
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ȾӦ
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л𡣡
Ⱦףһŷɽȥ
뷲ûһɱԽһ֣޼ǰС
򣬷ǣڣһλװĿӰֳַŽĿעźһվա
󷽣һλòŮӿǰĬĬԡ
֪½Ҫ뿪ˡ
պǰֽȥӢˣٺ쳾

ʥأ̳ǰգս֮սҲβס
ʿ뿪գۼ񾳿е֪¼䲻۲ԤԺ󣬱ȥ
ʿԤԣֵֻۣ׵
֪ʿǷֻۣ֪ʿԶȥʱڿһ£һͷ
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֪ͬȸһֵĲ䲻ȣûκκøС
ֵǣദպ󣬿ȸϧ˵ദĻ٣ȺĹϵҪúܶࡣ
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ʥУȸż̳ǰİ׷Ӱʵ
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ĺѩҡͷӦ
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ڡ
ĺѩӦ
Լѡ·Ȼѡ񣬱㲻ڡ
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ȸɫ£شȸӦ˶ʦ˵֪ʱϣ֮񣬾Ǹɾʹҵ
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ĺѩͷûٶ˵
ȸûٶʣã̾涼һЩˡ
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ˡ
̳ǰ¶һĨ΢ЦȺˡ
Ϣʣһ̤ī״ƮɣӢǷ
·ָͬ𣬻Ϊ콣ʡ
ʱʮأٴĹѣԽʺ졣
ʣǧ¶ս⣬գѩսɲǣһն
¡
˫Ծ쾪ر䣬޾֮˿ӿ˷ҡǳ
Զȸ˵ľսɫ
˵Ľߣֻ۽裬Ѳ֪ˡ
ˣ
˽϶Ծʱһʣߣ
һ̣һɫƿգ֣Ȼ˽֮
ϣһĨϺӰ߳ʳ̫һ죬ƽ
֣ͬؼ䣬λߵĽڣҹա
þò
ϵˣ΢Ц
磡
ʣսһ̤¡
ߣ񣬲ָȻһס֮
ʮزǿˣḸ֮ỹҪȴ
սƽ
ͬ٣ָտɴ
΢ЦʮعȥЩڶҪһʵͻͽ
Զսֲ˲رԴǿѾʼ½̤ľʱգЩǿ̤ĸˣʼ
ȱ
ʱʥϿգ콵ʥ䣬ľ괺¸
ϣĺŮӣ˲Ŀ
ȾΪ֮ظ֮
ԭҶˡ
һ̣ʣȥķӰУһĨ忡ӰƮݣѵˮתۼ䣬ǰ
һˣʮƽħ
һλλϵЦҲԽƽͣĿ⿴Ͽգȴļλֿѡ
ûã죬Ʈ㣬ħϯأɫħУӰ߳Ϊӣ°׷һ˿Ц
¡֣ͬδһԡ
ֻȱһˣĿ⿴ʣ¶΢ЦڵʣԼˣ𣡡
䣬ʥϿգһЦ˲Ϣ̵ʣƺƴľ󣬼ݻҫĿ
ҪĽɫȻҪ
䣬̳·ϣһɫӰһһ
ǳʮһˣ˼䡣
ˡ
Ŀɨڳˣ΢Ц֪лλѣս𣬵ظʮཫ֡


1218 ȸ֮
ʥأһλλ콾ʱʮ꣬ʮٴۡ
գħΪظ֣ƽħ
񳯣ħʮ¼ᣬΪδһá
̳ǰǧǧŴ˾ǰڶ֣Ͻ֮ɫ
Զ֮ϣȸ˫Ҳɫλ֪ĺ澪ˣϢմôǰ
ȸˡ
һԣĺѩƽ˵һ䣬ǰȥ
ȸͷתθȥ
ʥؼ̳ǰ۵ˣ¶΢Цַתһɴ޹棬λǿߡ
ǸλĹ棬ӽǱн޵Ρ
䣬ǳꡢǧ䡢졢Ⱦ¡ǰ߷С
޵߳УĹ࣬˻
ŵȫڽĵȴҲû˳нӣԶĿ
ǳǧ䡢˳ĬǶеֿѣҲˡ
꣬Ⱦ˸ܵڳյĲԣҲʶԭ̾ûжԡ
ϼҲһħսأҲܻ
ֻҪսԶɱ⣬ֻǺúûţһеĻš
ѩ޳࣬ˡ
ѹе˸УһӣһŰɫɳǰŮС
š
ĺѩף޳ְ
һԣȸеĶߣ΢УЩͬѰƺڸϢ֡
˾ƴ֮ףʯ£մɻȱְɡ
Զƽ
ԣ΢΢һеĳԥ
Զĺѩµ˭ûв廰֪еĵλ˿ɼ޼۵ĿΪ˿⼴ħ٣Σտ֪
ǰǰ׷ˣ΢Цģµġ
Ҫسŵ
š
ͷȡߣϢҲ֮
ʮʮλǿߣȫǰˣƽԭʼħʽֻʮʱ䣬ʮ꣬Ҫԣӽһ᳹׷հʥأʮ֮䣬λȴһвҪһһ⾫ѧ
дϲ
ʮУǳ˫¶ϲ֮ɫ
ֻд裬֮ս
ЩУʵ߲һһ޷ƳȫǱһһֻҪܱƳλǱҲ伫λҲҪ׼
ݣ
ǰ֮ԣǳϲõ̱ŵ룬㬵
֪˵ǵʱ䲻࣬üֶΣǸܿԭʼħʵ𡣡
ǰҺͳѩﻹ¡¥ۼʶԭʼħߵʵڵܶԸԣֻҪʵټ˵ֶǶ볢ԡ
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˱̬Ҳûٵ飬ڣɲǼ䣬ʥУ»ʢ⻪Ѹʥء
̳ǰ˿Ͽ⻪ɫ΢
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һɡ
ϣȸڣƽԭʼħѧͬ壬֮ͬѧҲδʶΪǵĶ֣Ϊʡ
ԣ˼Ƭ̣΢΢ͷĿ⿴ʮеǳڵǳ֣һ
ǳԣ¶޷֮ɫΪʲôңǲǶ
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ЩУԶв󣬵ǣսȴǲҲ̶ã޷սô죿ɫ
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ǳ˿ûԥػش
һԣǧĬĬ߿֮Ϊ顣
ЦЦ֪ѣһһص㡣
ܲأ
ƽ磬ĶǳѩҪôܣ
ǳԣĿʶԶĻĳ֮Ůʱͷе
˵ҲǣҪĺѩóٶȵĸ֣ܵĻᶼûС
ԣҪĿ
ȸｻ֣ùǣ߳ʮ֮⣬ֻҪܳŹһӣء
һӣ
ǳ¶֮ɫ֪̫Ʋˣ
ЦЦûж˵
ȸʵȻǣһûнǳӦòκ⡣
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ǳҡڵǰشű飬˺޲ǰһ١
룡
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ȸɲҪ۸㣬֪С̫ˣҲòչһԼʵˡǳֳԼľӷȣЦݵ
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䣬ǳУǺ۹Իҫ۹⻪˼䡣
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ȸֱ̧ס֮ƽ̽Ͳˣֱӳȫɡ
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ΪǷǳҲ֣Ųһ̤ڿգǺƵƥļѹϯ˷ʮصĿޣ񳯾չâ
Ŀ⿴Ͼ˼âĬĬԼǷܽ¡
Ŀ£ϣҫ۵ɫϯƶ춯֮ʱգ˲ȸǰ
Σһ˲ȸ̧֣֣⻪ѸɢֻΡ
ĵһĻӦڳˣ֮ɫڣ˭ûп׷ʲô
ϣǳɫҲһ̤Ӱãһ̣ƿն֣꣬ǧǧ֮
֮ϣȸɫ仯βɽص
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Ȼһ̣𾪵һĻƿնµһ̣ȸӶѸɢûзκβ
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ĳ赭дȴв֮ǿһƣֱǳ硣
ǳȭӦϣӳ֣ӲС
һ˲䣬֣֮ȭƿһ̣ǳȭϣɢɢȥųɡ
飡
£谭ǳϣ𾪵ĿУǳȻ׹£֮ϡ
һУһУȸֵһУǳսܣڳˡ
ԶǰϵǳƽΣ
ޡ
ǳǱվ˼еĿ⿴ǰϵŮӣ޵


1219 ɫ
¹ŵأȸǳһսǳҰܣڳˡ
ȸǿ󣬳еԤϣһɫ⣬򷨲֡
ڶս˭
Ŀ⿴ˣڵ
ɡ
ǧ߳ƽ
߳սսٿս
ǧ䣬һᣬҪ̫ѿ
ǳ߳ս֣衰ġ衱
Ҳ㣬һоͰܡ
ǧ䵭Ӧһ䣬в޷̵
ǳԣðɣҪȥȴҲԡ
ս
һԣѵ
ǳѹл棬ҧгݵؿǰˣٶԡ
սУ˶ţƬ̺ǧУѩɫӦʣ켫ѸĽƿգǰŮӡ
𣬽˪֣߳ˡ
ǰȸ̧ɫڣ½
ս⣬΢΢𣬿ȸĹһˡ
£
µѧƵЧԵķ򷨲֡
µѧԴȸĹͬ
սУɫ־ܣɢԺȸ֡
ǧ̤Ӱӳѩƿգ֮Ŀ
֮սգߣ仯Ī⡣
ȸƣͶ㣬Ӳ֮
սʮУȻ֮ڶսʼȣɫѹƽ߳УռȻ
ʮкǧм֣ɫƿ߷Ȼһӡǰš
ƾǧʮ֮⣬סѪһҷӿ
ʤܷս֣սޱҪǧһ⣬һ񣬵л顣
ϣȸƽ²ûгȫ򣬶ʮڣ᲻Ӯ
ǽ䣬֮սȸȷһķڷǧսӦ
ɫ⣬ˢ򷨣ɺǣгܵļޣڵᣬֻܿͨǿߣԣλԿһҪóֵ׼ȸףˣɫ
ս⣬Ⱦԣȫ˼ǰսǲС𺳣һλδĿȸλޣδϰ֪
֪һսǷˣ
˳Ĭ֮ʱȸĿ⿴Զˣƽ
ȸʵˣµ̼С
˵䣬߳գʥֻԻ
룡
䣬ѹϯһڣؼ֤Ψһ֮ϣü
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ڴЩУΪˣǣʵǿߣʾǰ֪
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ԣɫ΢ԭˣλȸʧȥΪһ¡
ǰս֣֮սչΪɫƾ춯أȸܣѵĴգת䡣
ȣ
һƣҰԾۻޱȵƾХڶϮǰ֪
ߵƾȴǲܣֽӡϣڣһʯڶ𣬵¾һơ
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սУȸ֪֮սصĽ棬ɫ⹥ؼ汸һ̣ռϷ硣
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ȸüؿһǰˣûжԡ
֪ǴһսҶûаʤ
ʤѷ֣߳ս֣صԡ
Ӯ𣿡ڣֻܹ
šͷ
Ǳá
ûٶʡ
һ
һֱѾͷ

ԣ¶ɫ½е
ǵɫ̫ˣ򷨲֣óǲ֮ñؿƣһսҪô
עУĥĥǰǰϵŮӣһ񣬲ʧڡ
Ȼǣǽ䣬᲻֣ʦҲҪʶԼĲ֮һսȫȸɫ
ȸͽ̡
Ӧһ䣬ӿлס
ǰѩͰرѵʵսջ񣬲ĸв࣬ˣԽ̵ɣסʱͬգԭʼħڼ㲻ٷԣڼ䣬㲻ǰһȻʹӡս⣬ѵ
ţס
ͷӦ¡
˽̸䣬ǰս֣ȸսһ򷨲֣һ߲أìܣ档
һУз磬ŭУ֮
·ȸβɽҫ֮
һʧپ֮гһֻ̣ǰʱŤȸ֮ǰ
춯صһƣƾˣɫһ𣬴æ֮ʣת֮ǰС
ݿƾֱƿ֮赲ǰһ磬ͣ£ûǰС
ɫ£򷨳ǰսӦܿóйƣ֮Ȼɫ⣬ظ޷赲нΪβã
ȸǰѾͷ
ǰߺǳ⣬֮ɫһʱ䲻֪λش
ս̫٣æУʧжϣȸĪҪ֡
˵䣬ĺѩǰнӹ콣Ŀ⿴ǰʥŮƽһսʦԣϸš
ǡ
ɵӦһ첽߳ս֡
ԣսеİŮӣһ̾ڿҪǳѩ
û뵽ѩ̣ʦء
ȸѵĻûдҲΪãЩ꣬ݹˣȷҪôһ¡
ʦǸ
սɡ
ҲûжĿ⿴ǰս֣ƽ


1220 һ˵أĪ
ʥأ̳ϣĺѩսؼ٣һɫ⡣
սδսѾ£ص˲ҴϢ
ͻȻ˶
ˣĽ˫Ŀɱʶ׽ٻ񣬽ǰԽʱյƣġ
ȸɫǰͿѹǰ߼١
Ȼ˼ѧԽɫ޷ȫơ
Ƶļ٣ٶ˫˲Ϣ֮䣬磬콣
ȸ˫˻ɫ⣬һһƣһ˫ϸ֣ӳ֣ˡ
սؼ١ⲻײ˼ѧĽ档
սʮУսֽ֣ս޲ʤɫ⣬һʧȥԵѹ֮ܡ
ս⣬սɫأĿƬ̲뿪´κ˲䡣
˵ս̫ˣһ񣬿ʤѷ֡
ԣ˫ѩ츳õģݷܵѹƣ켫룬Ǹʱ򣬳ѩ֮еһ֮ˣʿ֪
ĳǽ޽Ψгѩһ⣬ȻȻ߽·ĳ֮Ů裬಻κˡ
һսʤϣ˵ѷֳʤಫ
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һԣǰս֣ɫŵ
ᡣ
ƽѩսģ٣ҲУһΣ񷽲ǰæˡ
֪ˡ
СӦ
սУҵĴսʮɣδʤؼ䣬ɫӰ𲻶켫Ѹ
·֮ϣȸɫҫؼ汸ɽ
к󣬿ȸǰɫһ˲һ̣ϣĺѩ󣬽չһӹǧƿն¡
֮¡¡ײ֮ϣѸΡ
Ŀ˲䣬Ӱ⣬ҪƵһ̣ȴͻȻ齣˳ʮ֮⡣
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ѾˣûҪսѩȸƽְɡ
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š
ĺѩԣͷս߳ս֡
ʦ
첽ǰСϾǳ֮ɫʦܸλȸʦﾹƽ֣˵ʦʦ
𣿡
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лʦʦˡ
ԣСЦ˻ʦá
һԣ¶ΣĿ⿴㣬ѾͷĿɲҡ

ڰʥأǿŬѧ֮ʱУĴ桢ħս񶥷ᣬȻʵһսȫ汬
ǿĽǿǹǿռ䲻ײ¡¡һһǡ
ʮŵͨǰκ߳
ԭʼħǿսΪħٵ·崫潣ߣս
䣡
ħȣ˫ˣһ棬붯ݡ
˪ɡ
սУУལתƣһն˪Ʈ㣬춳ء
˼۷֮ԽΨһӽ֮Դ赭дһȴֱնǿգӡء
Ŀ֮䣬Ȫ趯ǣ޾ħӿսܴ֮塣
˫н棬У𵴣ϳ˷ɢ
УһſŴܵನ¡¡Ѹٷֱ
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𾴵Ľߡ
ʽٳ˳ʮ⣬趯󣬾޴ħӰ֣޶࣬ħ졣
ӳ֣ѹԼ䣬ʵϢԻס
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콣ƿգһ죬ɺ֮ûǿգ˹塣
ƣ
ħϯһǹƿգӭϾ֮
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һ̣һ֣˵ĳ£У˫ͬѺۣȻϸ΢ȴ
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ĬĬߵǰ˫УסһɫĹŽγ
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սУ޸ܵΧطı仯ɫٴ¡
δһӰٶȣ켫ؼһЯ֮ն˼䣬ħؾ
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ߣָԪɳһɳϢ۶ħĿڡ
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ɳħײҵĳྡྷ͸壬ħ߽˰벽һĨѪ䡣
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սܴӴ̼ħԣ˫ѪɫһħǹħԪֱӳȥ
ħԱֻأ籩һĹƣ׶ȥ·
䣡
ħǹ䣬ݣؽӭϣҵײ״κˡ
˵ĽߣĽʶ
ߣ޿ǰߣһˣһλ°׷ὣߣкιϵ
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Į˵һ䣬գɳΣһն£ɳҡ

֮ɳնһ˲Ϊɳħ֮ǧɳǧ
һѪɽȾսס
Ⱦ죬ħɫκη壬սηսʸ߷塣
ȣ
һŭȣѪɫ˫仯Ѫ죬˵ħѪɫħ𣬹ᴩǿա
״΢һ̤˲ǰؽƿգȷˡ
ħ
޳ȣһȭ֮䣬ǿӦ
ħϯ֮裬Խ
Ԩ
ؽ裬ɫ˫ɻؽܣ޵Ĺ⻪Уӡ֮䡣
֣һն𵴵ɢӰӳٴսǰ

Ծ˵ֱӻսףһٴ۵Ѫһ
ȥԭʼħʣʮ֮ڣ˭̤벽
ͨǰ齣һǰؿڣͻؿռͨ
ռͨУħսӰԶȥŽߵ˫սԽң˵Ľߣڴټ̡֮
ͨǰ߾ʧԣܳϢǿ
ߵأħĪ


1221 
ڣŵأϢ𵴣ǿޱȵѹ
ŵϷŶƣȫѹ𶯡
·裬ˮ仯ޣɫ֣նϺ
޵УŮӰöܿһһơ
֮ս춯أǿߣԽһһ
裬ƽ
սУѷ֣޿⣬Ứ֮һն䣬ڹա
ƽŮַת˵Ĵг֣ɽĵ⡣
ħ˼䣬ǿƥܣ
ħеɫ΢̤ȶ
Ứ˫֣һһͬʱն£顣
ɱУƾˣŮܿ⣬ͬʱƴ߼ԪǿƻС
ƾˣݿ࣬еףһӭϣ½
裬Ứ
һֹе˫ħΣħ߶ޡ
ɲǣɫ裬ڻУƿգ˼䡣
ѹ߽⣬ӰӦɢֲ֮ġ
커
ɱŮ˫΢̧ʱһ޴ڤǰ£ǰ
¡
ǿĹײֲನХڣ˷ɢ
ݵ鴫
Ů֣Ŀ⿴ǰŮӣ΢Ц
еỨ֮ᣬЩ꣬лŮչˡ

ŮЦָܻ֪Ҳи´ټҲЩ
Ů飬елᣬصԱ
еһɫ
ǡ
ŮЦ飬֪һǷġ
еûлشĿ⿴ԶǿգһĨ˼֮ɫ
ǿʦ㣬ֻЦû뵽ĳΪϧʦܡ
ˣŮ𿪿ڵ
š
еعͷûе˼
治֪֪ʲôطãŮӶŮ̾
桢ϡ
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Ůף֪ۣ֪ߣǣ֮ʱϣа˽ġ
ԭʼħĿռͨѿսʱῪʼʱȻĵȴɡŮɫ
ס
еͷ˼Ȫӿʮ֪꣬ˡ
ܾħķɣʶңħƣĨȥ䣬ֱħսܣŮصָ꣬ʶһһ½Žһ˹ȥȻȫǣܵ˼ȴ
һգĲʶֻҪ㲻˼ĸо
Ůһ𡣡
ʱ֮ϣһ϶𣬻ص֮䡣

Ůף򱱷΢΢𣬵ʲôҪ𣿡
һʱ˵壬Ů˱֪ص
ãͶŮͷӦ¡
䣬ŮĿ⿴ŮӣڵҲһȥɡ
š
еӦ
˼̶ңԶıظȥ
أƮѩļΨбĺ
ѩصУһ޴ɽؼ䣬ɽ֮䣬ǧϣѩеɸ
һգ⣬Ӱ֣ѹ˾ˡ
УһϮȹ˫ۣǰˣɫڡ
ϿǰϯӰӭλ͵ĵ
ʱӰϢϿǰ
Ů𡣡
Ӱ񣬿
ضȥʦ𡣡
Ů𿪿ڵ
ǡ
ӰӦתǰ·
ɽ䣬ڣɫصϣڵŮˡ
˽֪к£Ů
Ů
䣬⻪ڣˣʧ
δ֪ռ䣬޴ĥתĥѾֹͣصĴ֮ҲҲš
죬Ѳɲ飬˰ǰڤӰ쵽תǧδ״
˵һٴͣ£ܿԤʾٴдٳ֡
Ůԣüͷĥ𣿾ǰĺѩһ㣿
Թˣá
δ޷ƶһεĴ٣¿ڤ֮ңŮǰӦ֮
ԭʼħ֮ѵĻᲨ𣿡
Ůɫ£ڼԤʾͰ֮սٶȿ˽Ĳڣ鷳ˡ
ڤѹƣرԴȱչ仺Щ꣬нչȴԶ죬˵߱ԭʼħ
ħٲڣпܻ᳹ױսݻ١
ǣеĶǿߣ뿪ʱܹʱϻأδ֪
Ů֪֪ǵ䣿
Ůҡͷħ֮Һصˣٹע֮£֪ʧѾãҲ뿪䲻
¹ŵأ
һԣеڣɫʦǰһ˾ԭʼħ忪սڵǿǺܻܿϡ
ɷ֪ǻؽһˣɫ
Ͷǰȥ¹ŵءеͷ
ҲһȥɡŮ𿪿ڣ
ˣͷλˡл
ؿ
ŮӦһ䣬ûжൢ飬Ӱȥ̶
һԣе̤Ѹٸȥ
ȥӰɫԽأвԤԽԽŨϣһлü
ͬʱ޼򽻽磬¹ŵأȪӡʱգȥŵصټ
ŵڣʮλǿǱΪٻ
սƬҲҷģȫѧȡٳ߸ͷһ
ʱһȥǧ䡢µ֮д裬ֲĲ㣬ʵҲѸپ
УɻﱾԴͷ˱Դӵõֲֻս飬Կڳκˡ
Ȼսֲôףİ£ÿ˶֣ÿһζԲҰܶա
ΪУСҲСǧ佻ʱٻּ֣ȻԵʵ࣬ԡ
ʦ
֪ڼβҰܺɥĺѩ鼫ǲĲѧϣ
Ҫ˵
ĺѩһ䣬ʣЩоһ֮Դ򲻹ǣȱĥһЩһգᳬԽǵġ
ԶѵѾͷ΢Цôܴˣ
ƲƲ죬ûлش
ֶ翣ţԣҲô࣬ҪľŬٶҲá
˵ָָ꣬ԶµǳЦǸûúŬһ㣬һķɣôˡ


1222 ܵĴ
޾ǿգӰ۶ԽԶ¹ŵء
ǿޱ޼ʣһһŴǼ䣬ٶޣǻǿգתۼš
أ˶춷ʤܶѲ֪ΣÿǿգΪĺ嫶𺳡
ǿյһֱмΪɵĽ֮һȻľǿߣǲʧǿУֻԪľһ;
ǿУеŮһĹӿͬΪħߣ˹ǿ亱Գųֳʱǿó̡
Ӧÿ쵽ˡ
·Ѳ֪ãŮǰٶȱ仯ǳ֣ڵ
š
еͷ¹ŵؾ޼򽻽紦ǳޱѾãٹþܸϵ¹ŵء
һº󣬰¹ŵϿգӰ۶ǿ֮ϣͣ½Ų
ǰޱ޼ʵǿգѾÿŵټ·ƾʧһ㣬Ѱ

Ůɫ΢֪óʱͿռ󷨣ذ¹ŵصټʱڣǺҵ
ǿ̫ˣ壬ѰҪʱ䣬񣬰¹ŵֱȥټҪгλãѶȿ֪
ǷͷңѰѰº󣬶Ｏϡ
е֣Ứ֣֮һնɫ⻮ǿգȻһһſһΪ
ã
Ůͷתһ򼲳۶ȥ
˷ͷжϢʧǿ֮С
ͬʱڣս죬Լ䣬µĽһ˵أս
սУɳ裬Уؽ棬һһʽȴŲ֮ܡ
˫뿪Խأɳȥȥ·ûһ뿪ͨǧɷΧ
Ĵ棬һڣսһһԭʼħĿʮԣƣĽߵ
ȻսʮգսһһܵĴ棬
˵Ľߣ
Уһλ̷ܴ˳ս֣Ŀ⿴ǰսɫص
ǵʮս˵սȻ˿¡Աߣһλӥ߳
ȥħʣҪɸǿ߹̷߿ڣ
ǡ
󷽣һɫӰתû˿ռͨС
պԭʼħħʳǣʵǰʯ£Ӱ֣ħʡ
Σ
ʵǰħӿһλħ֣߳ױȵĿֲѹء
ħʣͻλߵعأҪǿս֧ԮӰ
ʮλߣϵĳսȻʧˣ
ʵǰһħɫǿĽߣѹְ޶δȡʤ
ȥɡ
ʱϣħӿһĨϢҵӰ֣񱩵Ϣ˲Ŀ
ħµһƣң
ƾһˣºսܴˣλ˲һͬǰȥԷһһħʳ
ԣüͷ壬һλսĽߣڶֱѲʣٴλ˲ڣΥǿߵϡ
֮սǣħδƣֻʤܰܣʲô취ֻʤƽ̫ࡣһħ
ˡ
Ӧһ䣬תȥ
򣬿ռͨǰ˫ѹɳңÿһɳ԰Ž߽裬ɱ޾
ɳУֽ߳սŲ䣬ھȲ֮ء
ǿǿ˵ս⣬ڣ˭ûϵ徹Ȼ˿µǿ
ǿߣȴʵк˿ɵУ
䣡
ͻȻռͨУһۻƥƿնݿƣǿգס
սڣиӰӶܿâĿ⿴ǰˣ΢΢
ħң̸¸У
ûжԣҽһ̤Ӱӳ˫ƶħԪǿк춯ض
ɱӽУȻһұһ飬˳벽
ǿߣ
״κˣ߰ǣݰ벽¡
Ų̤涯ǿĽһն£Ψһ
ؽ˫ַƣӲС
ҡضҽ˳ƴ·硣
ս⣬¥ޡҹλ˲ǿ߿ǰսϽɫ
Ҫϣְɡ
ҹ濪ڣֻӹһϸ޵֣Ӱӳս֡
¥ɫ£ǰ˵ĽߣҲٳɣգս֣ꪳս֡
˲λǰǿ߲սսֶʱӼңӰݺύִսǿߡ
ħ߱䣬񷣡
սȣҿһŭȣħ֣֮ƣһȭ£˼ɫ
ǰӽλ˲ڣĿ⿴ŴľȭŲһ̤ա
죬ͬ
֣˫գɲǼ䣬ɳۣΨһ
ӳ޴Ľг֣һ̣һֲĽƿն£չˡ
֮֮УΪʼΪգ¡
սУħ״֮ͬУħԪӲС

һ磬սУһѪɽɢλ˲ڸͬʱܴ
սģನ޴ħӦ飬죬׶ܴ
֣ϣ˫˫Ԫؽѧ˼䡣
ɲǼ䣬ǿ֮Уɫ׵ϸС緢˿Ȼÿһ׵ȴŻ֮ܣ˿־塣
һ̤Ӱ˲ʧУɫӹ켫Ѹ
䣡
ҹţһ룬ףֱӶǰࡣ
ҹ棡
ҡ¥¶ȻӰӳֳ̳Ԯ
£
ףųԮˣ׻ӽȻһˡ
ս֣𺳵ĿУҹţѪʳδü£㱻ɫķӡ֮ɡ
ᣬ
˵ںУҹ˫ʧȥɫʣӰ¡
һʱ䶯˷Ȼٴʱһжѱ仯ҹ治ʣȴҲ˵ڡ
ŵս֣λľǿ֣Ȼսܣ֮ɫĽعأкܹͻư벽
ˣ
֪ս޿תҳһ䣬Ӱ˻ؿռͨ
¥ޡͬûٶعԭʼħ
ﬣ
ȥ֣һڿڹŽɻؽܣȥâ
ܵĴ棬ս޲ʤĿƽעǰûκβ
ʮ֮Լȥһ꣬о꣬ϣʮڣǿ߳帴˵Ĵ졣
ͬʱδ֪У֮߷֮ϣϵ˫ʼտ˼䣬ȴŻĵ
ʮ꣬ȡļޣ߱뾡ɳħһգĩ
ͬһʱ䣬졢޼򽻽紦ѰҶպŮ𡢻е»ص֮أһۣͬʱҡҡͷ
˷ʱ䣬Ȼȥ


1223 ħ
أǰɫԽԽŨ
ҽ䣬ֹͣתãԤʾһѺܿͻή١
ݣħֺսһħӰ׹Ȼ֮ϡ
ԵħӰһսףħתǿϤ
ϣռʧһ̣ӳһƬɫĺɭֲ
˵һĻħֺӳԭʼħֻغľ·ǰ
ϣһ˺ɼǣѪʣȾսס
ħ߳ħֺ֮ʱУиУĿ⿴ݣ¶ɫ
Ҫˣ
ͻȻħֺУ˫ۻȻһħӿȶ
춯صħڣ
Ϊ˼䣬λͷӡħֺǰħ֪Ƴڣħ٣Σ
ڤֻˡ
Ŀ⿴ΧϤľɫ£֪㻹ܻƬ
ħֺУĹڣǿʴħ֮
ߣħӿӽڵΪֵħֺ֮
ħ٣һλλǿ¶Ȼ𶯡
ƽҪ
ԼңĿ⿴ħֺãһ̾
һΣֵˡ
ģ¹ˡĴȻµĴҲ޷ֲ
գѣػǶ뿪
ԼҾͽˡ
ڼĿ⿴Լλϣڵ

һλ׷¶ʹ֮ɫҪȰȴֲ֪˵ʲô
󷽣Լʮλֹ̼ͬʹǰȥ
ħֻϢǾΪȻһ·ͻͽ쳾ɾɾҲһ֮ǣħԶԶԽѰ߾ɵС
ǰ̹ңҪΪΪգԼΪЩʱˡ
ƽ˵һ䣬Ŀ⿴λԼҳϣ¶΢Цλϣڡ
˵꣬ûٶ̤նȥ
ħֺħӿˣǧǧտʣ¶־֮ɫ
һ̣ʣϹƵԼ̤նȥһϢͿΪ˽ڣ޷ħ֮·
ħֺ⣬ս׵ħ߳˫ս
׵ħߣѳ⺧ȻħҡһѺ۳֣ǧ֮⡣
ţ
ͻȻ޽Ųͣ£Ŀ⿴Ŷɫǿߡ
ϣһռٸȼԪ¯
࣬޴񣡡
ɫ£ȭסɲǣ񱩵ħӿʣħϯա
ޣּˡ
ϣֹסΣĿ⿴ǰϤħߣ
ϣȻѸƣ
޽һ̤ħ죬һȭ쾪ر䡣
콣
ħգƽУһɫ£ûǰС
䣡
ħȭ죬ûԥֱھŴͱƿǵٳ߸ͷһ
ԻٸľްֳɣɲǼ䣬Ѫ죬
һն䣬Ϲ⶯죬¡¡𣬿񱩵ɢȥΧһС
ӿྡྷУһѪԼսս֣֮Ѫ¡
Ȼʵ࣬ȻԱ壬սһ۷壬ȴѵħ֮
η֪࣬㣬Ψһ;
λڿն˫ȭħٶ
·׷еӳ¶һĨ΢ЦȻ죬֮Խңյ缫һ
磬һΣ
콣ڿն˫ֽӡһ֮Դ㾡һУһС
ͬʱĿ⿴֮ս˫ֽ߬ŭ֡
Ƭ̺ǰ죬ɫԪһ֮ϡ
䣡
ܵػʱص˴ӣ
֮ʥսУɢҪħԪϢͻȻһͣħɢ֡
Ϣ裬һ̣֮ϣ콣ƿն£ҵɫ⻪Ƶ㾡Լһ޺쳾ӳÿһС
ǣ
ħУһѵĽһ̣콣Ӧ飬ʧ֮䡣
ನϣӰɳѪɽ죬Ⱦ˼䡣

ǰನУһɫƿնֱֱħţһĨĿ졣
޽˳벽Ŀ⿴ǰ˿ڣŭ֡
⣬ײһɽ壬Ѫʳ˾ޣ˴ۡ
źϨ֮΢Ѳɲ飬˫ǰս˼䣬һĨź֮ɫ
ˣϧվ޷´ħ
Ըϵ˫ۣʧȥйʣԼղʣĿ˼սĿ
ħֺǰŭץǰѾȥࡣ
ʱңԶǿУһɫƿն£Ȼնħ֮ϡ
ţ
üĿ⿴ʣһĨɫв֪
һ̣ʣӰħٽ˼֮ʣŮеϻأȴ˰벽
ա
ϣеսŮӣʹ֮ɫ
ɽ֮䣬շ·ܵǰϢ˫УѪ¡
е֣£ǰ˫ۣɫ˵úϢɣʣµľͽˡ
˵꣬еתĿ⿴ǰħߣɱ磬ŭ¡
һԣŮһ̾Լ֪һʱ䣬Ȼߴ·ȴԼԸʱ»ع;
룬գλԼҵΪػڣӢսݾ˶ݡ
֣ȫɱħ
еŭֵ
տİӣ֪£жȻʮֱˡ
ħҪ
ţ
Ůͷɫ£޵ʵѰ߿ɼǣ´ħںʽ״ҡ
յĶԹܾ˽ˡ
ǰŮɫһսŮ˱֮һһ
裬ڤ
սֽеһŭȣɫħӿɲǼ䣬ǧǧɫħ죬˫޴ĵȫۡ
һԣŮͬ߶ħ֮ܣĹ⻪ڣӳħаħ
ħħ֮սսδƬѾ
ԭҲѾٳˣαడ
ħֺǰ޿ħ֮⡣
αмħΪȴ̰ħ֮ǧټƻΪаս
ϣλħǿ߶ţɲǺħ׶Ѫ쳤衣
Ứ֮ٳݵ־˼ĵ衣


1224 ʯ
ݴأħֺǰսħӿա
Ů𡢻еħͬ˼һħħħ
ս𣬻е޴ĵ񶯣Ứ֮棬Ŀ֮䣬һն졣
¡
˫ǿһУɽ䣬ԲǧһɽԳ⾪ħ
裬ޣ
ߣˮ裬ӣΪ޵סħ֮
ؽˮ䣬˿϶ʮɷԲ
ͬһʱ䣬ŮħԪۣȻһӡħš
Ĭޱȵϣ޽˰벽Ѫ
δǰһսֱƴ֮ش¶˫ǿ֣·硣

ħַܴŭһħӿȻˮ䡣
ޱƣɫˮƬ裬Ŀһ˲ɫٶƿն
֮嶥ǿߣ˿ɳҵĵ裬š
һһ죬Ứ֮УֵɫѸ羪ףǿѹħ߳С
ʧȥȻħᣬ޶ʧΪƣˡ

ͻһƺ磬׵룬һѪ
ץˣ
ӲһУħʢһŭȣʽ֡
ħǧᣡ
֮䣬ħ߷ǿƥһȭǰŮӡ
ħеԪỨ֮ն£ӲУͬʱԶŮħ߶ǰڡ
˫ǿ֣ħޣʱỨ֮ϣɫħӿء
䣡
ħ棬ؾ䣬˵ĳɢȫʮȾ
겻ǾȻɳˣ
ǿѹӿϢĿ⿴ǰˣɫ¡
Ϊ˼䣬޿ˡޣվڣ
һ̤еƣٶϣỨâﾪ䡣
裡
֮䣬ееһת˼Ѫɫ˪ƾն֣ս֣һ޵˪ʢĲ
˪裡
ħ֣˪⣬֮ǧǧĵⱬûǰħߡ
¡¡
ǧм̣֮Ѫһ˳֣Ѫˮ¡
һ̣ŮǿһƣȻš
ƾһˣ졣
ѹƵս֣˫ǿ֣ħȫ·
ħħ죡
ħ߶ŭ˫ֿϣ񱩵ħħ֡
𣡡
һ˲֮䣬ؼ䣬ǧǧħӰ֣޾ġ
ħ֣ӳǰˡ
ħУ޿ɱܣȺħ裬ȥ·
ϣеŮ˿ǰħħͬߣг֣ɢ
죬˼һħ־ܣħϮѸٱɣûзκβ
ħֻؽ٣
һʧӰӶ˫ֻأ춯صУ޴ֻϣȻײǰˡ

һƺߣѪɽеŮɫб٣ˣ졣
ֹƻħߣչֳһ׵ս
ٲ⣬еŮŲͣ£ǿסΡ
أУĿ⿴Զսɫڡ
ħӺζûκױڽڣԭʼħ˼ͨԶں
ںԭʼħҲпռͨڣ鷳ˣ
ԭʼħħһħĿƹ򱱷ɫ
ţֻغƺвϢ֡
ֻغһֱԭʼħĽɣȻʵǿҲ룬˵ֻغдɻ䣬ڻʵǿ߶Ӱ죬ܽ롣
ôˣ
Զħʻ˫ۣɫ԰ףȻһսµƣɻδָ
ֻغ춯
һħɫص
ֻغ
ħԣüͷ壬дɻ䣬òҪȥܡ
һħûлӦ˫עֻغ򣬵
֮ͨľǿأԳ֣򣬶ʱԭʼħĴͻΧ
֮ͬлʵһԳ֣ĻʵȻӡ
ڣʵǿֵ߽ʱûбҪǰͻ
ţôһ˲䣬ֻܵغ˲Ϣֻغͨͨħ˵һĺϢ
ʱһֻغˡ

ݴأֻغǰħ֮սԽȡ
˫ǿ֣е˫裬Ȼ׵ĵ裬нƣҪħаħΪȥǱڵĴ󻼡
裬ħ򡣡
սֳңݰ֣ħֻỨ֮ᣬһĨѪȾɫ棬ռʱһѪ£̹ǡ
Ѫɫɢޱ޾е裬֣޾׵ĵ绪
ɲǰУħУһɫƿնϣʱ˺ۡ
ħǳ䣡
ܴһħһŭȣħʽ
ħзˣ𺳣гѾĻе㣬ܵħ̱ɳȥ
ԶŮԪ߶ǿƱ
¡һƣ춯أǿޱȵħϣٴħߡ

ܴǣѪ䣬شħ¶֧֮ס
ҵһսƲϻսУϣشѪȾ
ɱǣ֪᲻ᱯʹأ
ħֺǰ޿ǰŮ¶ֿµЦݣħڣħԽˡ
ħħԭ
޽һ̤ʽӦ֣޾ħ漱ħؽ
ħ򣬸ǿ߿ݾ˵һսнԽ쳣
˶սĳɰܣˣħɵ
ս֣˫ǿħϢһĳħǵѽö⣬ξħǳ
սʱս壬أѲɼΨкɫⲻϳײء
죬ƻ裡
ϼޣеŮֽʽ˹ںϣɲ֮䣬֮ϣڤԻ˼䣬޾޶࣬
֮У˼価ɭɭ׹磬ֲļ¡
ڤֻһħơ
ǣ
Ŀ⿴ű仯ܣɫ£
裬
֣е˫֣졣
֮Уδֲ֣ѹȻɢ
ΣϮӺݺһԥһʽͬ˼䡣
ħ𣡡
ʽǧӦƿ֮Уǰˡ
ͬһʱ䣬֮ϣһһ貵ĵƿն£޾
䣡
ײ˵ನȻսУȫɳȥδüסΣ㱻Ŀռɡ
֮Уʯ٣ҵನ֮ؽָսУӰȫʧĿΨ޵Ĳк졣


1225 ֻغ
ԭʼħֻغˮ޴ǧ֮⣬ΧһС
ֻغԭʼħµĽ֮һ޾˸̤УȻʵǿҲ⡣
֮أΣǽߣܹ߳أֻغǧﷶΧڣҲûԸ⿿
һգֻغϿգħӿһħӰǿѹƬ󺣶ҷӿ
ԭʼħһħʽϣ죬ϯɣġ
УһħĿ⿴·ֻغ̧𣬷ԲﺣƽӦֿγ޴Ķ١
ħɺأͶ㣬Ϻ
ǿħߣ֮޲ȥ֮Ȼֻغ޷赲ħɾȥ·
ֿһħӰ£ֻغ·ȥ
·߽Ŀࡣ
ϢһħӰ£ûƬͣһֱ·ȥ
ħһһֻ̽غʵܣ񳯣˼䡣
У޴洦ɼ죬̬Ҳͬ
½ϰ壬ǧ壬巽ϵİ壬֮£磬ӵǻ۵
Ȼ·ǻȻˣǽ̶ȴԶԶ½ȴӴĺ֣󲿷ֺǻۺʵ½ϰԶ
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1226 ۽
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һħʽֻغ֮ʱޱУһµĳֳֳȣǿռ䣬ģٶȿš
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1227 
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1228 ħ
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ħأնλħ߿ǰĻеӳս֣ɫԽԽء
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Ϊ޺֣Խܣû뵽ǻСλľ콾
ס
ãһħ˼Ŀ⿴ԶħʣڵԳְɡ
š
ħԣͷûоܾ
ˣֵһˡ
Ƭ̺ħأħӿħӰȥʧ


1229 ׳
죬ͨǰħ֮սվ֡
ܵ崫棬һ֮ѹħɣ𺳡
йעһսǿǶ𺳣ţ徹ǿĽߡ
һ򵱹ĪΪмˡ
壬ϣˡ
ỨϵݼڣڼԲʵǿȫޱҪһλǿ֣߳һϣ
Ŀħ֮սսβѹħ
ս˫֣˿˿Ѫ߳Ⱦ˫ߣɽ
˵ĽߣñʹĿ࿴ˡ
ħΣ֮ʱͨУħӿһɿֲµѹħߣ졣
߳Уħӿǿħ˼䡣
ͨǰǰ߳ħɫ£ڳˡ
ԭʼħսħߡ
ǣ°ɡ
ħУħ߳Ŀɨܴħ
ǣ
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ħ˳ս֣ͨǰħʡĴ˶ţϢӿս
ʣʮ֮Լǰս
УؽʣΧɳΣΪһޱȵľС
棬ħͬû̫⣬Ʒƣ޴ħա
ͬ죬ƽٽս˲졣
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ħὣϢӿ뽣ӳ֮
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ȣ
һȣ򽣳УΪԴԴû
򽣼ӳ֣ӡ֮ʶ壬˵ľУɺĻʵħһ˿ҡ˫ۿɼٶȱɡ
ţ
ͨǰħ΢У˵彣ߣѾ߻ʵսˡ
ľ콾𾪡
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䣬ħһȣ˫ַתħԪХǿգͬ˼䡣
ǿջ𺣣޾ħУƿֻأǶ
ĩ֮٣𶯣ڣһſӦ飬ѳֲħ
ͨǰ˫Уӳǰҵħһ̣ƽ͡
Զδ֪񾳣߷ϣοµ߾Ŀ⿴ԶĴսɫ쳣
ѣ㲻𣿡
ңԶޱһϣʿ˼䣬˵
֣ԭʼħλħȻӣ񻹲ԭʼħսʱΪ֮ܲ֡Уһ̾ش
ԶϣʿüλߵʵȻԽǱϾδʵѵĻʵ
λʵ̸ʱͨǰ׹
·ĴУⲻڣһ⣬ҫ
Ľͬ׹
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ѹƣܵĻʵ׶ȼ졣
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һȣħ֣ħɾħƾն֮ƣ翪ˣſǿա
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ϹʱɽʵǿĸʵҲλɽ֮Ϲ֮ս¾ɽµİǿ߲ȻʱδʵûʸĴսϹ׽ͬҲİ
սУ¾ɽУɽַͬâ˫ǳʧɫ
ͨǰħѹ𾪣ԸսԪһȭ¡
֣߳ħͬ޴ȭͷֲħܣ俪£ǿѹ¡
˫תƣǿڽ
ɽ֮¡
˫˽֣ɲǼ䣬ܣڣ޾ĺɫ֣û֮С
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䣡
δ֮УӦԽǿĶ֣˽ٵأǿռ仮޵Ľۣ¡һն¡
ǿħɽײǿռ䣬Ӧ飬ɢ
ನսУһ΢ɲƺ߽ȾѪ⾪һսҡ
ͨǰನֻţ죬ħһѺ۳֣ת˲Ȼһ鿪

ħ٣ħʿƺ𣬽˰벽һĨѪȻ䡣
ܴ֮ħеĹעһսǿжɾΣ˭û뵽λ߾˵ز
ʵرħ֮Уǿʤʵȴֻλ
Ȼе˶Ȼԭʼħеǿ߼ҲλʵĶ֡
Ĳ࣬Ϊֲ
ħأһħʻ˫ۣһĨɱ


1230 һ֪
ͨǰħлߡĴ涥սֹ󣬸ܴ
ߣзɣɽŽɣʵȾ죬Ѫǿա
춯֮սĿδ˵һսð벽
ʮ֮ԼȻǰȻʱδ֮㲻Ƭֹꡣ
ĽߣĽ赲ʱأ
ħʳһȣħƣһ̤׶
ʵħϯ˷ƶǺӣݿ֮ƣ޿ƥС
ɱɫ仯ӭϣɫ⻪Ӳʵħ
棬ನ𶯣ս֣֮Ѫˮ䣬ȴƬδͣɽУԽʵڡ
ħߣ쳾֮ɣʵֲһһʽء
޾壬ƾѪȾԲÿ·
ʮŵһǧȻɣԹ޻ڡ
ͨǰҵһսȾ죬ħܴͬһûռ̫ˡ
ȣ
һħħԪһħҫħչĸħǳըϺ֮ƣѳС
䣬䣡
սУ춯ص𶯲Եˣս£ħ⡢졣
ϳˣѹĻʵѡعء
ܿ˫âħɫԽأһ䣬˫ƴԪ
ûлش˫һһ棬ٵħ
߽˰벽ս֣֮Ⱦ졣
ɽ֮£
ޱϼޣһȣǧǧĽᴩ֮Уâ
ɲǼ䣬ǿռ䣬һƾն޾ʼա
ţ
ħĿɨǿгһ⣬ɫ¡
֮ʵˡ
ɽ֣ǿУһ
һ̣콣ƿն𣬻Ϊǣײǰħߡ
֮Խ磬ͨǰ򽣼ħǰΪһ
ħʳȣ̤˫ֺϲֱӵ½֮
䣡
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ħ˫۾²Ծ˳
ߺˣħɢһ̣ʮ⣬ɽ⻪ǿգ׼ޱȵһֱӹᴩؽ˫ּ϶

ɽ壬ңħһƺߣѪɽ
£
ܴħԿ񷢣һƴ߶ĳ
ὣڹӣǰ
䣡
ƾԽһƣྡྷ𵴣ֱӺϡ
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˼أעһսǿȫĬ˫ȭ߬쳣
ԭʼħĻ̫ǿˣǿ˾
λߣ㻹ϣ
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˼ȶУħʳȣħǿ֮У˼䡣
ս֮У޾ǳ˲ʧȥ⻪
ħܣ춯أǿУħΣ׾ħԻ˼䡣
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֤죬ױȵڣ˼ƣ𶯡
ǿ֮ͬһ˲֮콣ն䣬˼䡣
վͨǰħͬȫħԪħڣ֮У
䣡
콣ħ쳹ǿգ콣˸һħӦ٣ħ漱ɢ

콣նħ֮ħȻըѪӿ죬Ⱦǳ
棬ħͬɳԡѪ쳣
ﬣ
˫أһǿʯϣסΣѪӿһŻȾ˫
֮У֮ܵĻߣܣ
Զ񾳣ߣʮ֮Լʱŵһ֮˼ʮꡣ
ͨǰħһģŭ죬һ㣬Ͳһ㣬˴˽¡
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⣬ʯǰħƺƵֲܣؾ䡣
Σǰǿռ䣬ʢһڿľƾնÿһľϽԿзӵƣʮſľ֣ͬʱŤӲħ
˲ϢħȻһ⣬׵һڿľӦ顣
һ̣ŤʱУһĨӰ֣ǰԻȻײӡ
ˣ
𶯣ֲ𵴣޾
̤ǰ̶ֱӽС
ɢײ̶̶´󲿷
ͨǰ׼ħʶܲ壬شħߡ

ħϢԳ壬ħپ룬Ѫӿꡣ
⣬ʯϣ̶شߣɫصǰŵס𣿡
š
ͷĿ⿴ǰˣƣ˫һĨο
ǸãɣڿԶһˡ
㣡
ͨǰħѹƣǰϤӰŭʢ
ħʴˣþò
ǰһ¶һĨ΢Цڵ
ӳħȴǰ޲ɼ
䣬ħħԪɱҪǰȫڴˡ
˺󡣡
ϣѹƣ˫ǰһ𣬿ڵ
彣ߣʮӣܽᾳ˳̶ȣǣһжýˡ
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⣬иУɫ£һħʡ
ˡ
Ϣ󣬿ռͨǰħӿһλħƾ߳Ϲŵʮħ֮һʱʮأ˼䡣
ħǿռ䣬˫˽ͬģսڡ
ˣֿ־֮ģ˻
ǰǿƥĶ֣̼֤֮ģ˫ԽԽңһҲһ۷塣


1231 
ͨǰħǿħħʧɫ
Ϲŵʮħ֮һ˼䣬ħԪϯ˼𶯣ȫֲܵѹ
ϹʮħȻ鴫
سǣ³УһҴ멵¥վּ䴰ǰĿעԶս֣૵
ܵ´ħ
ô޴ľ࣬ܵĴǷ
ǿһλλڶɽٵǿͬܵԶǿֲѹڡ
ħǿߵʵ𣿵ֲ˾
Ŀ¹עһսؼʱ̡
ͨǰһħħԪϯʮأǿħϹħ
Ľߣñ𵱳Ǹˡ
һħ̧֣ǿ𶯣޴ħӰԻ˼䣬ɾħƾն֣ȭ䣬ǳ
֮ܣ޿ݵĴֲԽֻ֪Уǿձ޾Ӧɢ
⣬״죬˫ϣ׵Ľᴩǿգһն䣬ǿպȻֿ
ħǿߣ˼ǿ֮ͨǰ档
䣡
ɲǣǿռ䣬ҫ۵Ĵըս֣˲磬񱩵ʱϯΧһС
սУһѪˣҼϣħ壬ǡ
ұۣɽ֣ϣȾ졣
ǰǿմըУħǿһ߳ħӿನ
ǿľ࣬ϹʮħԽʵĿֲڣҪη壬Ȼ˼߿赲
⣬ξҰѪȾ쳣
ԶӴըǿסε¶ɫҪǰ㱻ֹ
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Ŀ⿴ǰϹħȵվսǱһν㽣
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ɱ
ѹƣƽ˵һ䣬֮Уɫ⻪ɢǧ
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СչͻԽԽң߲ײɡ
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վ֣˼ȫиУݵĲ򽣳𣬷ңԶǿա
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˼ˣһħ˫΢ţһɺƥħֱ죬ħԪΪһֱֻֻ֣ץסԶſŴǣǿо˹
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ǳ֮ǰ˫⻪Խңһⲻϴ߶޳Խޣ֤֮У˼䡣

һ£콣񱩶ǧǧ򽣷ͬ۶ȻײǰſŴǡ
߽ʽ޿ɲȣ򽣷ɣƿһһŴǣ¡¡쳹
ǿУſŴ̱٣ʯ׷ɣ˲Ϣ󣬱㱻۶İ罣ɡ
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ͨǰһħԪħٴߣһֳ֣ǰ
ǿϣնǳʱĳһڵ㣬ͬɲǼ䣬˵ľ򽣾ۼ˼֮ײһΨһֲܶȣֱǳ̮γɵĺڶ
֮֮Уǿռ䣬һھ޴ĺɫ񽣳֣˼ĽȻײħǰĻ֡
䡢䣡
֤֮޿ɲȣħߣгƾǿײƬǿշ·ҪȥڵļǧټƵĴǲϱ٣׻Ϊ򳾰
ǣ
һ΢ǿռ䣬޴ĺɫѺ۵֣˱ٵס
Ȼͬһʱ̣һħǰͬѺۣ˴ۡ
䣡
һ̣ըͨǰ֡ɫͬʱ٣ħȥƬǿա

սģһʹƺߴһħǰһɫ͸һ޵Ѫ
ռͨǰħ߽һˣǰѪ£Ⱦ
սУɫĽأѪ⻪ȫɣʧ
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ನУӰӹִߵһУһ̤ռʧ


1232 
Уһսǿ𶯾þòֹĿǴꡣ
ͨǰһħѪ£ʮһαشˡ
µĽߣԽɣǰδеĸ߶ȡ

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һսħӮ˽֣һУܷ⣬˼
Զħһǰߣɫصô
Ȼħ򣡡
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ˣ
ħĿ⿴һ۲Զħһ£ͬռͨ
ħ뿪ͨǰһˣһսĴ棬ԽɣٴεԭʼħֵĽŲ
պ󣬰¹ŵأ̳ϣûƬ̵飬˫ֽӡڣ᪻˼䡣
ɲǣ¹ŵУХ죬һɳ۵ľƣƾ춯ء
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ɹͬ˫ϣҫ۵Ľ⼱תУħ쳾
֪ŭؼ䣬ٴŭԴԴϵ֮ǰߡ
ɹͬͨ쳹أֻؼ䣬ںΪһççһ죬Ʊ䡣
֮У֮٣죬Ӧնɫ
˵ľ󣬽У⼱ɢǿɢƣն־
ռ䣬״һã˾ȻΪѹƣʵǿһ׽ٽ٣λ߾ľȲˡ
Ǽ
̳ϿգӰɹ˫ڵ
䣬ԴٴߣѪԪȼգ߾ֹ߻
ʱһһչȥ̳ϣѪɫԽңһһ･黯Ĵ롣
ؼ䣬ɳƣ֮᪻չԴԴϵۣų֪
ʮպ󣬰¹ŵϿգһĨٻӰգǿϻء
̳ǰĺѩͣ½ŲĿ⿴ż̳ϵӰӺݺһ
ĺѩŲҪǰȴ
ĺѩףˣü壬ϧ㡣
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ϧ⣬λǰԹӵǳǰ£ӻںһ
ĺѩԣ΢𣬽Ųͣ£Ĭ
γ֪ҪԣǣȥܷȻδ֪ԼܾܿȳŲȥˡ
պ󣬰¹ŵУǿ½ǿϻأǰǾ춯صһս½֪Ҳˣٵ顣
ظع飬̳ǰͣΡ
ߣ˫ȭ߬һ˫еĳֲ
ûµġ
ץסǰߵ֣Ȱο
֮Ļס𣿡
һԣǳڣ̾
ĳ֮Ϊڤͬ˵սû뵽ʱٶ꣬ٴηͬ顣
ľ
ǰƽ˵һ䣬Ŀעż̳ϵӰûٶ˵ʲô
һһδ漣ΪڳˣΪԶϷ
ˣζʧܣҲûκϣ
̳ϣ֪һѪ罾㾡һΪ
У߻ϢĽ黯Ȼ֣ͬڤڤ֮еĴ־
ѪǴӴˣԸ׹޼䣬֮ܵ࣬Ψ󣬽һ
־Υ˫ϥ£ѪȻ죬᪻ƽֳپһ졣
֮Ѫ˼䣬羻ҫ۵˲ֱӡ


1233 ظʮ
¹ŵأ̳ϣѪ֪׼
׵ľѪƬȾ޵Ѫɫ
·ǿǿһĻ𶯣Ҫֹȴ
̳֮ϣѪӿ죬Ѻ۱鲼죬Դȼա
̳ǰ߳ˮȴû˵һ仰ȻѡǱȥɡ
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󷽣źһ䣬ӰӹҪǰȥ
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ĺѩǰѾͷǰδе
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˵Ҫȥʦ
ʦûн̹㣬Լѡ·Ҫᶨ꣬ѡκ˶ܸı䡣ĺѩ
ǣ
ˮ䣬Ҫȴֲ֪˵ʲô
̳ǰһλλǿ߳Ĭԣ֪ľûܹı䣬𾴵ˡ
¹ŵУ׼֮طʼı䣬ϣ߻ٶȼؼѪڣתֻط
֮֮ܣ֪ΪǿֹĴ滯δйľڳˡ
ϣ·ľоɫֵ࣬ز
ֹ߻ı֣һܹοһΪʧࡣ
˼䣬Ȼһ漣ĵط
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뿪̳ϣѹѺۼӣѪȾ·ء
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ϣǰԵ̧𣬶ʱһѪԪԴԴϷߡ
ֻأһ̣ӳУ춯ء
УΧ޴ֻг֣ҵľ
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ħ߶ն䣬ϣֻؾ𶯣һ˲֮ħֻ̽أǿнҪʧı˳
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˵꣬ħУָ̧֣߳ϣȥһĨ˷Ц
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ħףԨ˫ǰߣǵĴ˾Ѿˣӽһհ¹ŵأֱսҶʴȡ
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1235 Ľ
򣬷ħΪף壬ݿ֮ƣѸٹ
ײУΪʳĺƽ٣׽ǻΪء
ԴӶᣬĿŵУеĴǱѹһգڱÿݽߣǿгȡ
ԱޣԹɭֲ˲
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ú󣬷սϣѩ׺ǰѪϾ׺˫һӲز


1236 
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˾˭˼Ϊλµǿߣ

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1237 콣
һԭʼϣδĴǣûڣԴҲࡣ
һգԭʼϣ׹ǿƥתԼ䣬һ˿𶯡
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1238 ɾ
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1239 ڷ
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ͷɵվһ
ȣ
һȣٴһħԪǿƥħԴԴûǰüġ
ħ壬ڣԴﱾԴͬʱգ
Գ壬ħǿǿѹƷԴﱾԴй⻪ңɣ
䣬ؼ䣬һ쳹졣


1241 
ظʮǰħ֣Ҫ
֮ħ󣬺ڷͬʱԻ˫졣
Դ֮ǣڣڼϻص
չ˳ΪԳɹʱͻȻɢ룬ŷĸգ˵ļޡ
ã
ͻľ䣬һڣĺѩˣɫ̱仯˭û뵽״
ǰ״ͣ£ħӿͣͲǰ
ѡǰ֪ôأ
޵ھŵƽ¿ǰ
񣬷˱ԴΪһ壬գҪ뱣޷
Ūˣǲȫ
޳У¥ͬؿһĻûв֡
֪ѡ񣬶ȴҲǴ
ħУǣǰħ˫Ӱ̫ãܲ飬˭ܶ϶
ʮǰ嶨£ڷ˻ȴ
ѵľ侲֪һ̣Ҳ޷жϡ
ãһĨпַ£ѡ˷
ǰѾͷ塣
ʮǰ֣˫ع񣬿ǰߣỨӳ
ڰ˵УһϮ۵İȾ߳ˣɷ񲻸ֱӽ
ԣ΢Уúҡͷǿа壬Ī˵ң¾ʵǿߣҲ
꣬һֱΪصĶȻǿ߿ǿԼ꣬壬ǣеǰᣬʶѡ
ǧδ˵˿ǿаܹ꣬ʩߵҲش
ǣͬһپ٣һ޷֤İȫڣ٣겻ΪܵӰ졣
а취
Ⱦƽе伮ǵܣУаֶΣʮ鷳ʮλʵǿͬʱ֣סǣʣµһˣһ㽫Դе׶ΣҲΪʹ࣬Ͼ壬ҲӰ졣
ʮУǳԣɫ£˿̵ɼΣԣ֮䣬ʲô⣬֪¶ס
ѡԼֻҪͷȱȻȫȾƽ
Ĭ֮Ŀ⿴ǰѾͷҲҺʦһһԡ
ң
ԣʹ˵ͷ
Щ꣬һֱʦչһΣҲΪʦʲô
ǰѾͷĻشףĿ⿴ڵеӰһ񣬵иλˡ
ʮ޳˫һλλǿߵͷӦ
סǣҪʮˣ꣬Ҫһˣ⣬ҪһΪһһ֮䣬ܹʱϣԣһҪʮˣȸڣܹʮˣ㶼֣ܳȱһˣΪһȾ
ȱ
пȸΪһڰ֮£Լ
ɡ
Ⱦɫ£꣬ʹ࣬ͬʱҪּߵרעԼõ
ûԹô֪ܣ֮⣬õİ취𣿡
ڵĺڷﱾԴܷӡ̫ãһԴҴںϣûиյĿܡ
ȾԣһĿ⿴ԶĿȸһĨɫ
޻֮ˣǷУ
ԥ
ƽ֮ˣҪУΣձ㲻ֹҺһ⣬˶Ҫᣬȸ﹦⣬Ϊ֮ˣΪʡ
ʮ޳˫ǰһλλǿ߳ȴʱ׼֡
Ⱦ̾˫ָ촽һƪ»ΪɫûڳÿʶС
ƪأΪؼǰ֮ˣ˿⣬𣬹һ񡣡
Ⱦעǰˣ
ף
ͷĿɨˣڵɣ
䣬ʮ޳˫ǰһλλǿ̧֣ǿƥǧ˿ţ˿˷
ڵǰ˫պϣн䱸ȫж£ȫˡ
Ԫ壬΢𣬳֮ϡ
ʮޣڰ޳֣ͬסǣؼһԽ֣һȣħ
̧֣ħ˿ǧԴԴûڣѰټ
ħ壬ڣԴﱾԴͬʱȴһαħѹ
ħ˿ӣԴУ˯ûκζʱħ˿װꡣ
ħ˿룬꣬ǿ˺ǿнӷԴа롣
һ̣ʮǰһһ΢ɲƺ𣬾ʹʹ衣
˺Ѱʹ࣬Զһ
ϲʹһᵽʹ
ȣ
ʹ̹ǣһȣħڣٴ
ħ壬ڣħΧ꣬һһ㱻ڡ
Ƽ򵥵Ḷ́ȴڵǰһλλǿɫרעСĻסǣ˿⡣
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ǰ󣬺ˮһһʪ£ĸʱһ
ǰĿ⿴ǰˣһĨϧ֮ɫ۷ʲôôǿԼ
䣡
֮ϣܲʮһλ֮٣죬׵쳹ǿա
ţ
Զȸ״תǰȫ䱸
ʱЩ˲κδţ򣬺롣
䣡
ʣһ޴ƾ춯أ
·ȸ΢Уɫţסˡ
䣬ɲǣɢԽ¡
֮ܣѺɫڣǿɻڼԼ񣬲˿
ʱ佥ţתĸʱȥڣħ뱻룬ħУԣʼղ
꣬δй飬ʮһλǿʩΪ𽥳ʤ⡣
䣡
ʱ֮ϣƷӿɫɺת죬Լ䣬һ˿֡
·ȸ״ɫ̱仯
ʵ
Զŭֻɫ⻪ԽԽңѪ֮С
һ̣ɫƣܣء
ڵǰһλλǿиУ΢
ȣ
ŵǰٽ٣ȸһȣ󣬾޴ĿȸӰ֣ȸɲǣҫ۵ɫⱬ
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ɲǼ䣬ȸӰӦ飬ɫɢﵽܵļޡ
ϣȸһĨѪ֮Ůʱ꣬״ܴ


1242 ڷﱾԴ
ظʮ޳˫ʮλۣ֪ꡣ
֮٣ŭƱ䣬ѪɫʵϢ֣ס
·ȸһӲ٣֮£׶ܴ
ʣѪɫƲϾɫ⻪ԽԽʢʵҲԽ
ʮһλͬ٣޽ӽʵ׵ѹ
·ʱһһιȥڣħѱųɣڼ
ǰƤʼֹѣʹԳܣʼֱ֮ס
Ѫ߳ȾϺ£˫ȴǸӳңǳһ㣬ҫ۶Ŀ
䣡
֮ŭѪɫĽƣȾϽɫʵʡ
֮ϣȸſһԪޣԽΪ
ȣ
ŵģȸڣʱһͷ֮Ůչ¶ǿΪ
һ̣֮ϣ״ƥѹ£׽δƬظѿʼҡ
񷨣֮
٣޾·ȸһԪ񾳽䡣
֮ܣ˼䣬ϣʮӰ֣γһǽϿա
¡
춯ص׽ٽ٣ҫ۵Ĺ⻪ϣɲǼ䣬ĿѪ⼤ӰӦ١

·֮ϣȸٶ죬Ȼɫѵ
£Σһ̣ڣħ뱻ϳ˲Ľѣħ˫⻪ʢʱħ
ħʽ
죬򽣲УȣһϷס
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ȻһʣѪױ٣Σ˲⡣
ڵǰһλλҲ̻֣ͬһУ֪
ϣһƾƿն˼ƴޣɲǼ䣬Ʋ񷣬â
춯صĽ⣬ֱնգƾ𶯣ݺᣬɢ
ʱʣƽɢȥ£֮ϡ
·Ӱһɫ֮ӣظ
лλ
ǰˣƽ
ڵǰһλλףûжԣӰػ
Ѱﲻ㣬ԼСһЩ
˵һ䣬Եع
ͷĿ⿴ǰħ˿룬˫ɫ
ڣĿ顣
ԴںѾã룬˿ûˣڵĺڷﱾԴ˵Ψһ˴ҩ
ĽںϺڷﱾԴȥظûٵ飬Ųһ̤ǿȥ
ڵУ֪ȥıӰнĬĬף
ܹգڽħսʮҪϣһж˳
ǿϣƿգһţٶȼ죬Ƭ̵顣
ӿħ춯أԽһһʯȺٳޱȥ
պޱģУµӰնһ޾ټҪȥ֮ħ
ħ߱䣬񷣡
ģħ쳤ȣħ֣ǧɵľħԻֲǳ
ħֱ࣬붯ݣǿռ䣬ħ˫ֿϣֲħӿƾħϴħ֮ǿжԿ
֮ǿ˿ԿΨһſŲϱٵǳ֤֮ħٶ
ħǰħ˿Ѹٰ룬ԻֵĻ壬ʱŵĿܡ
ȣ
һȣħٴħԪħУ춯صķ쳹أɲǼ䣬ɫӣֱƬǿա
ɫˣΨһıַˣѱ˷壬ǿȴӹɡ
ڷ֣ǿռ䣬ħ˫ֿϣ޾ħϯһһңǿںͺڷﱾԴ
䣡
ħ߷֮٣òŭֲ׹ⲻϴ˷ԽԽˡ
Уħɽǿгһһ׽٣ŭɫȣٴ߼
ꡢڷﱾԴ˵ų֮Уķ˱Դƣʥ֮ĺڷ֮
Ȼ෴ײʱǿʢĺڷﱾԴѸѹƻ֮Ҫꡣ
ˣ
ħȣħϯԿڷﱾԴ
ҪǣܳΪʧȥʶĿܡ
ħ֮ԴѸٱóǿеºڷﱾԴɡ
ǿռ䣬֮ڷﲻײͬʱڻڣںϣìֲܶɱķš
ޱоħǰͻȻͣ½Ųɫ΢
Ϣǣڷ


1243 
ޱħǧɣǰڷﲻײϢ໤ϢӣݻĿһС
ħܣҪ֮ħ
ߴǧɵħˣǿǿߣһһûк˰벽
Ѫ߳ѵƤħȴ֪ħӿǿƶ˫ںϡ
ǿռ䣬˫ײԽԽңȻ෴ˮݣ
֪˶ãħ˫֣ͬڷﱾԴ˫һһγأһ˿֮Դڷһ˿ڷ֮ԴҲ
෴ʵʼڣȻֻǼٵһ˿һȴϣĿˡ
֪ȫ֮ʱԭʼħʥ򣬵ʮ֮˹֮ͻأƽ֮ϣѪȾâ
̫ǰƽʨʥǰͻصĻƽ񽣣쳣
̶գʥʮ֮սʧء
ʵԤϣ˹ʵʥʮУ޼ӣ룬Ҳս졣
ԣ
ͻȻʥ֮ɫһŻƽ񽣵˫΢΢Ϣ̫Ծ
ȴ˹Ϣ⣬һϢǿ߸С
壬ȴֲּͬ
壡
˼ãʥ֮΢΢һ뵽һ˵Ŀܡ
壬дϢȻǿС
ǣ岻Ѿôд
ĸҪڷ壬Զʱڣħ㶦ʵǿ˭塣
֮䣬սϣħһĶˮݡ
ϧ廹Ƿ壬ܺѣֲħһϷ½󣬴Ѫͷ壬ʣ޼
ͷսܣ⣬棬㲻ĵ
̫ǰʥ֮ŻƽϵѪܾãһ̾
սݲðĴλδضǰĸ󻼣ܹϢ
˽͵ħأ˵廹кҴ
ʥ֮ǰھŹ֮ڵ
ǡ
ھŹ֮ӹƽ񽣣תȥ
һպԭʼħħǰʥھŹֽ֮һƽսףڽɢҫ۵Ĺ⻪
ʥھŹ֮ŷޣһλħʡ
ŷ񣬹
ħħӿʮصӰ֣ҡض
ɡ
һħʿڣ
л
ŷ޵лħ֮ȥ
һħʿǰӣƽк£
ħʣʥὫ˽ħʣҴһ仰
˵꣬ŷУƽ񽣳֣𣬷ǰ
һħüĿ⿴ǰƽ񽣣΢΢
ʲô
һħƽ
ʥλħʣ
ŷɫ£廹кҴ
һ䣬ڳնʱһͣλħɫ£Ŀ⿴ǰƽ񽣣Ƭ̺ɱʢ
ѹַžڽϵϢЩϤԭϢ

ʱħ֮⣬ʹλħʣǰսء
Уλħԣüͷ塣
ǰʥھŹ֮ŷ޼״һ񣬵ʥ򽻴ĻѴ㲻ˣиǡ
˵꣬ŷת֮ȥ
ǰʹŷ޲Գǰȥ
£
һħʿʵ
ħʣ޴ϢֺڷϢʹӦ
ţ
һħԣоâڷ
Ǻڷ塢壬ȫˡ
ԶħߣЩϹȻţ󡣡
Ҳ̸ڷħйֻڷĻţ˵һ¡һħ侲
ڷǣԼ嶼ɱѣοħ壬ڴˣΡħ
Ҳۣðҵڷټ̸֮¡һħƽ
ħüȻԣȴҲû˵ʲô
ںڷûʲôøУǵķͽֵħΡ
ᣬðһˣԾ󻼡һħ
ħʵͷȷݹϢ簲ġ
ǰʹӰȥʧ
պޱħǰʹ´һħ֮
˼Ƭ̣Ŀ⿴һԵλħڵλᣬǽˣѰҺڷ֮£Ը𡣡
桢ҵͷûжϻȥ
īȽˡ
޿һߵӣɫ
š
īףƽӦᣬǰȥɡ
飬ûٶൢ飬ӰңԶޱȥ


1244 
ޱǧǧʯ䣬޴ħӰնǰڷʮյʱ䣬﷽ԲѾյش
ҵĺɫĺɫ棬ּԵķ˱Դһһײ
أֽȻķ˻潻ӴǿտʼŤϢ֣̫֮ʱԴƽֲֿ
ʱţתʮʱȥǿռ䣬׽ٵħȻ˳ܵļޡ
ǰһһֲͬķ˱ԴںϽ룬˫϶Ϊһ
˫ںϣӿֲųʱ䣬κνչ
䣡
ǿոԼ䣬˳ɿ
ħ״ɫ£һȣ˫ֿϣǣǳӲ֮ŭ
¡һſǳӦ٣ನħһƺߣѪɽ
ѵ𣿡
ħǰȻ޷ںϵ˫ﱾԴɫ¡
ʱԶһǿޱȵħɽ˲
иУɫһ׿ɫ
ħս񣬰ޣ
ȣ
еҳɣħӿǧûƬ̺ǧħɢ룬ָࡣ
ԭ㣬ʮӡ
䣬ѹϯħսǿѹ
ޣ
գֻԻûС
սɲǣ죬޾Ľѹɢǿա
겻Ľˡ
ǰˣ˵
ħս֮ĽѾãգˡ
һ䣬Уħϯأڱǳ
սڳնʱš
ǰ޼״ɫ΢䣬һ̤ħݡ
˫ħ֮սһĿһ˲ͬԪ춯ض
ײس٣¡¡ħϯûΧһС
ǿ棬սֳҫĿУо
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Ϊֲ࣬ս֮ϣѪ죬Ŀ쳣
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ţ
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תƣǰӲħ
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ѪģһģһѪŻܴһ
ħս񣬲ɺĸħֱħߣǿĲɵֵ
ģȻ۷壬ħսǿƱΣ
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ϼޣŲһ̤ħȼѪΪԴǿо
ս֣ѹٶһڣħӿ
ĵԭ˷Ҳ㣡
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䣡
ʽٽ棬һħ˿·ǡ
ͬһʱ䣬ħʢһն죬ǿ㸲
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޿ϵĽˣɫʤǺһŭȣħϯ졣
սŭؼ䣬һ޴ħ֣ף˲
ǰˣŲһ̤
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ͬһ壬ħ졣
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ħ١
ֱ֣նħ˽˼䡣
ǿռ䣬ޡħײֲĴըǿ˲ޡ
սУನ޽סΡ
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ţ
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֪֮ʱħֶͬΪѰᣬǿѹ
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ǰԶȥӰתһȥ
߽ͷСǿռ䣬ɱʥλҲ˲Сģ׼뿪ʱ
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СиУĿǰٸӣɫ¡
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·ˡ
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µԹùСһˣɱ㲻ƵӿֻӹǹƾԻ
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Х
УΪȻģСɫ£ǹ죬һ޴İӰƶǿϯ
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ǿУնѪӿ֮ܣѷ֡
˽ս֮ʱԶħܵԶƵħͣ½ŲĿ
Ѿһҵ
˼ˣûԥŲһ̤ٳԶսȥ
ͷСסλǿȫ֣µನɢһſڴսлΪױ١
ͻȻСһĿ⿴Զɫ¡
и֣


1245 ǿ߲޾
ͷСסħ֮սȡ
塢ħ壬Ļ壬ʱʮأٶȽ档
ǿռ䣬һƬһƬ̮ѳ˴ս֮
ƽɫһսϢӣ顣
սУʤѷ֣СٴԪХ񷣬ʧɫ
Ҽ״ȫۣ˫ƿϣħϯ졣
˫ײǳʱҡҡСͬǿסΡ
Ϊʧ
ߣһȣ˫ƣħζ
ħ壬ͬ
ǰСͬ˻һԪǹת񱩵ٻ۶
˫м棬ʱԶһۻƥĽƿնǿܣ쳾˼䡣
ǿħϮСɫ΢䣬ǹǰӲħ
Ȼ𣬹СӰ˳벽۵Ϣɢ롣
֣ǰɫ£ٴߣۻݿ

ƾС׿Ѫ
ͻı˲תδǰٶƿնƣб

һ²ѣСѪɽȾ
ͬһʱ䣬ǰƾƿһƣٶϮ

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ħλǿ֣ƥսֱƻʾġ
һܴСѪ䣬쳣
Ѿʧؼ䣬㣬ͬûдڵıҪˡ
䣬зٴħ棬һӳ£ƶ˼䡣
С״߶ԪǹʹӭС
Ȼħǹײǹâɢನٵ
Ĵݻ꣡
ԶҰħԪۻƥ˷ϯԽˡ
ת˲ǿռ䣬춯صһƼ۶ǰ
С׻񣬰ǹ裬ӲС
һƴನС׽ˣʮסΡ
;ĩ·ߣֿʹһ
ǰĿ⿴ǰߣ
ԶѪâƶ񱩵ħ֡
壬Ψս
Сֲ̧ѪĿ⿴ǰλħ֮⡣
ڤ粻飡
ɫ£ħתѪɫһ̤ǰ
ﬣ
棬ನ𵴣شĹСѪϼˡ
𣡡
ޣСй⻪ʢһĳǿƻС
ߣܣһӭϣٵС
ţ
˫ײֱֻһ飬ηɳɡ
Σ
Զҿڣ
ް
ҡͷĿ⿴ǰߣɱ
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ᣬʵȻǷ֮
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ƣ
ԶԪħϯûǿա
ħӣֲ쳣ѹ𾪾
˫ħƬǿնҡġ
ħСɫ˿仯ǹֱʣ
䣡
ֱۣƿգǰ
ħһѪ졣
ȾѪİ·ɳԶһűٵϣСǹأǿסΡ
Ѫ䣬Ⱦ´ء
һĻĩ·;
ǰ桢ǿħԽˡ
壬ӽ𣬳׳Ϊʷ
ҷƣħԪʱκϯ죬޴ħ࣬Ի˼䡣
ħ岻֮أħű䣬־ħܡ
ͬһʱ䣬ħ֣ͬħӳ֣ء
˫ħͬħ࣬ʵ֮£ǿħչ֮
ϣСֱһ¾Ⱦ졣
ߣȻشһ಻ɰ
ԣԶʧʷ֤ҫ
ޱޣСۼԻǹʧڡ
𣡡
춯صХؼ䣬һ޴İ֣צѿգˡ
ǧɵľǿУɽ
ХУ
޾죬ǿռ䣬ŭ˲Ϣֱӳǰ˫ħײȥ
䣬䣬䣡
ħ֮£ħײ·ֱըʯɢǿ

ǿռ䣬Ѫ˫ħħ٣ħɢ
⣬桢סѪ
ǰɢΣСӰԻһ£ȻȫȾɺɫ
һ̰ɡ
濪ڣ
ţ
ҵͷһǰĿ⿴ǰΨһĺᣬԪ߶һƣȻĳ


1246 µһ
򣬱ٵʯ䣬ҳ֣һƣƿն
ǰСγǿռ䣬ȾѪȻʧȥʶ
ΣǰԶһ˽ƿն䣬Ȼ¶֮ơ
ţ
ҡ˼״ɫͬʱһĿ⿴ǰǿա
˲֣
˼δ䣬ֻԶǿգһ޴¥շٶȼ죬תսС
׳¥󣬸ɣһǿϢ֣ȫ֮ϵǿߡ
ˣ
ɫ£
µһ󡣡
䣬Ρ¥ǰſǿӰƾ߳Ϊߣòʮᣬ˫ȴżΪŨϢ
µһͬϱ֮λ˼ǿߣء
ԭʼħ
ˣɱԭµһ
ʥ졣
¥ǰҹڣλħһк
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֮ףʥָ߳ԪŽӦʣɲǼ䣬콣ֱǿգˡ
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У
ߣħâһն񱩵ħХնȻ콣
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µһ鴫
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ƾϮݿ࣬ɫ£һȣħԪϯ˷۶
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µһƣͬʢ
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ǰҡɫЩǿߣҪǿܶࡣ
鷳ǣǰλµһûг֡
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ҹƽ˵һ䣬Ŀ⿴ǰλħ΢Цλ¸һ棬֮սʹͣΣ
ԣŭʱ𣬸Ҫ˵ȴһ
ˡ
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Ҽ״΢˫ȭ߬Ƭ̺ɿ˫֣Ӱһͬȥ
¥ǰҹλħ뿪䱸Ľ¡
Ȼµһ޾λħߣǣĴҲֲʲôˡ
µһµһƣλϹŵħΪʵ̫ˣԶԶѰֿᲢۡ
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¥ǰ˪߳
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˵꣬ҹͬλ֮һͬ¥Ƭ̺¥ӳΪԶȥ
ޱ򣬵ظϿգǿսһĨħ߳δػصظ
ǰħǿѹյѹƣŲһģһѪŻ
ʮڣһλλиУĿ⿴ǰ˵֪ɫ
ްֻЩ̫󡣡
ǰѪƽ˵һ䣬ǰȥ
ڣΪصظĿȸˣˣ
û¡
Ӧһ䣬ǰ
ӿħѹƣĿ⿴ǰϵŮӣڵȸһΣл
ӦΪ֮¡
ȸӦһ䣬̬Ƚ֮ǰû̫仯
Ҳû̬ȣλȸһλǳ֮ˣңʲôʲô鲻ֵıκ˶
ˣȻѣǣ͡
һ񾳵ˣԽԽá
ɫڵ
ȸԣ΢ú󣬵ͷʦ𴫴Ļǣʦ᲻㣬᲻ܱ֤
ֻҪȸԸ⴫ɣԭʼħԣΨͬ飬һ˿ʤĿܣ룬֮᲻
ͬʱңԶǿգ񾳣߷ϣ񾳲֪µȻؿ˼䣬ϵϾµĺۼ

ǣߺ󷽣վߵӰƾ߳ΪӣüȻᣬһϢȴǿ쳣
񾳰Ӱ
߻ףĿ⿴ˣϵһĨɫˣ
ʯӦû˵ǲǡ
Ȼʱһλħ壬ˣԣһЩˡʵӦ
ħ棬µһ֮ƣʵܰȻ㲻ס
˵һ䣬ȥ˰ɣ£֪ͨǡ
ǣ
Ϊף˹һȥ
ʦ𣡡
˷뿪Ͽգɫƾն֣Уȸ֣ƻá
£ƽ
ʦ֪Ҫһ档
ϣȸڵ
ԣĬ˼Ƭ̣ͷɡ
ǣ
ȸɢȥʧ
ظȸ˫ۣĿ⿴ǰˣɫʦӦˡ
лȸл
ϵްڱ㶯ɡȸƽ
ԡ
ͷվŵȥ
˶뿪ظ񾳷ȥ
֪ȥҴҵΪڵУһλλ߲û̫ྪ棬Ѽֲ֡
ʣ֪ǣǣĻƣʮ֮˼Ҳһùһ֪
Ǻ֪뿪һԼĴ㣬棬Ҳû档
ϣӰ۶ٶȼ죬תۼš
״Σ
·Уȸʵ
ԴѾںϣʲôʱܹδ֪Ӧ
ڷﱾԴǴɾصõ𣿡ȸʵ
ĬûзϣҲûгϡ
ȻȥԭʼħӦ֪ڷǷͽĻšȸѵ
ס
ӦҪԣô
ʦ˵ϣȻһֱŻ̬ȣʦѡҲϣ㲻ʦʧȸƽ
ʮպ˴ԽһƬһƬǿ˴˵еǰ
ˡ
ȸͣӰĿ⿴ǰ޵ĵؽ磬ڵʦ𣬵ӽ֪ˡ


1247 ֮
δ֪ؽ磬ǰռݺύ֪ȸ˳֣·գ񾳡
Ϣ޵ؽ翪ʼҡ񾳿ӭ˵ĵ
߰ɡ
ȸ˵һ䣬תγǰȥ
ϣһͬ񾳡
˽룬֮ʧռȥһкۼ
񾳣ޱ޼ʵصؽ磬һÿһϣǿǿϢÿһ˶ڵľ֮ϡ
ڿȸĿ⿴һ΢΢
ԭôľǿߡ
Щˣ󲿷Ҳǰڲͻľ˵ҪлԶս
ǰȸƺܵǰ룬ڽ͵
ƺ粻ͬ
ʵ
š
ȸͷʵ񾳣ɽһǣϹʱĴɽ٣һ֮ԴͨٵɽһǿɽһЩԴԣ񾳵ǿŻ磬Щȥ񾳵رԴҲɿݣľǿԽԽ٣Զս񾳵رԴõ䣬ĵľǿ߲ŻӦ
ԭˡ
ԣףͻȻŲһ٣Ŀ⿴Զһ
Ϣǣ
ߣ
ͬʱǧһϣһŹŷӾǿޱȵϢתҫ罾
ĵһǿߣߣ֪½ľǿߣ֣Ϊ
ǧӵˣȻ֣µ̡
һ񣬵ͷ⡣
Ϊ˸ŮϹߣҪǿ½ĿΣվЩʧ
ߵǿĶУָģüƣӮ˴ˡ
ǧ⣬ߵͷƽ겻ɳ˺ܶࡣ

Ӧһ䣬ûٶԣǰȥ
ףǰľʮǰͻ߾Ȼӽ۷壬ʣǧѵһǰȸڵ
ǷеĵľǿߣȫС
ʵ
ǰǡ
ȸƽǰرԴȱÿһλľǿߵĳ֣ƽ⣬Ӱ̫ԣһ˼еľǿ֣߳񾳶Ὣɣ˼ľǿ߽࣬ԭʼħ֣񾳲ٲ¶ٵǰ£ǿȫȻҲûҪ
˵ȸ΢٣壬ȴ⣬ǿظܽ˶ǿ߼һȷʵ֮Ԥϡ
˽̸䣬ǰģĸϣ߷ֱƣΡ׳
߷ϣ߾ˣĿʼտ
ʦ𡣡
ȸͣΣ˴ˡ
ˣ°ɡ
תǰˣƽ
ǣ
ȸԣҲûжʣֱתȥ
ȸ뿪һ񣬵
֪
߿ǰˣּˡ
ֱĿעߣƽʮǰл浲ۻʡ
ۻʻٽڣǰ˳棬ںʽ֮٣飬ȴ
Ϊ֮ҪػΡ
ƽ㣬Ϊһһβϧػ塣
Щ꣬һֱڹעŴӣ˼侭ٴνѣӱŶٴδ٣ִţݡ
ػĴ塣
Ŀ⿴ǰ޾ǿգ֪Լִţͬÿһ㣬ǲʥˣûػµģִ֪ŵģֻػԼϧˣǾʲôգԸıˡ
߾ǰߵĻĿһƬƽúЩοȻҲԼѡ֮ҪĲʥˣге֮ˣĳ֮ģĺ˵ĻδϣģӢۣǵʱҲʱˣµûȵλãԣõĽԸԸ⣬㶼ϣ
ԣüͷ壬ȴҲû϶˵תֱ֪ǷжԿԭʼħİ취λһħʡ
ûС
ҡͷԭʼħǿ߱ʵԶԶǿ壬λһħʸϹɾսȻ볤֣Ҳʤ
ɫ⵱ԸĴ𰸡
ĿǰʵԱģȷû̫ʤ㣬Ҳ̫ģڵ㣬Ҳܱȵڤ֮ʱˣ𣿡
߿ǰߣƽ٣ԵĲλԲڤ


1248 ȸ
񾵣߷ϣ֪ħ֮˻գཻ鱨Ϊ˶·
պɽǰ£ɫƽ˫Ԩ
ɽ£ȸȴû˿ż֮ɫ
ɲǣŲ΢٣ʵС壿
š
ȸͷƽλĴʱڱˣ
ǣ
ʵӦ£ˣһһʽУҪ崫ˣұԼˣȷݡ
ȸԣ𣬵ʦ뿪񾳣ջҲڴħһա
ףƽһ£һǰڷϵȴȸﾡȥɡ
˵꣬ûٶȥ
뿪£ȸעãջĿ⣬תγɽȥ
߷ϣ߿ǰǿգĺܺá
ʦѡδ䡣ȸƽ
Դӽڵڤ类츮֮ײע⵽ӣ޾˼Ѹı̫࣬ȴģı䣬Ψдӣִ֣£ǧְٽ٣ȴǴδ̶ҡ̾
ȸĬһ㣬ϣִ֪ź־ʵˣʱ˾Щֲ
ʯ֮ģ۶Ա˻ǶԼԹݣŮĹˣԴˡ
ʦֳˣұȣһ˰ɡ
ȸԣɫһƬ̺Ӧǣ
̧֣ɫ⻪һҳױʽɳǰС
ǰҪʧȥɡ
ǣ
ȸ½һתγɽȥ
ޱǿոһõӰ˲ϢϢʧָԶķ
񾳰ӰԭʼħԺʼ㿪ʼжռ鱨
֪֪˰սԭʼħΪ׼꣬񾳣ͬΪһյĵ׼ʱ
պ󣬺ǰħӿһĨºڷӰ֣Ŀ⿴ǰսһſŴǣɫ˿仯
۲Ƭ̣УһöɫƳ֣֡
պǿռ䣬һĨõӰ߳һ񣬵ʹ
ض񣬿йϢ
źӣƽ
ʹԵȡ
䣬˫պϣطѯ񾳰Ӱ
ʱ󣬺˫ۣʹ
䣬תԶȥ
󷽣ϣһͬʧǿ
ǿΪδ౼ʱԭʼħʳǣһĨϤӰ֣º췢ƵòԱ
˫ۣĿעųڵˣһУƬ̺ҡҡͷ

ħʡ
ȸɫ
Ǻˣ
Ŀ⿴ǰߣ
ȸ
ȸֱƽӦ
ԣɫ
Ҳкʱ˾档
ˡȸͬΪɲ棬صķԹˡ
񣬷ˡȸ֣ͬԤδһսʤ߳ȡߡ
ˣ𣿡ĵ
ħʵ飬½֪ԣղŸ̤ħǰȸǰħߣ
ͣ˵ǲĶ֣Ҳһ¡
˵ɡֱԵ
һ¡
ȸɫ£ɫ֪ǲǵõ˷ط
š
ĵͷûȷϵħڵķطȷˣԣҪСˡ
ȸԣɫ£ú󣬹һ񣬵л
˵꣬ȸûٶʣתȥ
ϢʳϿգǻٳŶȥ
ͬʱֻغУڣһУĽڣ졣
ͻƣתԼ䣬һ˿ס
ͬʱ䣬ҵ򶫷ͬѰһˣܹ档
½Ͽգ޴ĿռͨÿһնаУ֧Ԯǰս
ʱԶһ⼲ٶͻȻ䣬ȫͣӰ
УڻζֳֹŽӣӢ䲻ǵ֮Ң
ǰɢȥȸͬ߳Ŀ⿴ǰӣɫ¡
ڣ
ȸ
ӵĿ⣬ɱ֮˭û뵽仹жԷĴڡ
ԭȴ⣬Ҳˡ
ȸ֣һ쳤Իɱ졣
ڣͲҪȸˡ
ܹ棬ҢսγɲǼ䣬ƽ죬ƾ
ͬΪ֪Уͨǰսսһ
ݶ˵Ӱͬʱˣ뽣׶Ƚ档
ﬣ
˫ǿ֣б֮ؼ䣬עܹ棬ԣһĴޱҪ
ߣϦУ缴ȥ
Ϧ£ڡȸս״μ棬ȴ֮ʱ
䣡
ݺᣬƾӿޱߡ
ӰϽ㣬ƾߣ¡¡쳹ʡ
֮ǿߣΪԹΪֻΪδ嶥ֻһˡ
ȣ
һȣϮ죬ܻڣޱȵĹ⻪ƻ賹
һʱ䣬½ͬ죬֮

Уһλλǿ߿ԶʣɫĬĬ
Ͽգ
սУȸӽһնգ֮ȴϤ
Ңһɢǰ⣬ɱ㡣
Ľˣ
һ䣬Ңָɫʢ޴ĽӰ֣쳤Х
ԻڿգɲǼ䣬¶Ⱦʻ׻Ϊ𺣡
Թģ֮ɱҢ˻ھѧ춯֮ܣ
棬ȸ״ɫֹͬѪȾ콣档
콣
죬Ѫȸ󷽣Ӱ֣ͬȸգһ
֮ս˹壬ޣˣϯ졣
ȣ
ȣؼ䣬Ȼײ޴ıըɣһ̣ҫ쳣Ĺ⻪˼䡣

ը֮ƺ𣬵Ѫӿ죬Ӱͬʱ˳ɣѪ£Ⱦ
ĽͬʱԷȻ֮壬ȴǴŽȻͬĽ
ۣ
ϣȸӰٶһģһѪؿǰƹŽѪˮ䡣
棬֮ͻȻĿǰѪȾϦ
ˣˣ
Ңһ䣬׿Զǣһ̣ûкޣûԹֻ޾
ˣˣһжˣ˫עԶʧȥ˹ʡ
һ̣ӰϢ׹£Ȼһ֮ϡ


1249 
һԭʼϿգħӿ֪
ɣ񾳰Ӱ֮ȥûж
ע·ǣƬ̺Ӱ
ԭʼϣиУϵ˫Ŀ⿴ʣһĨɫ
ˡ
ϣħӿӰ£˿ûԼϢ
ǰһλλǿиУ׿գɫ¡
λƭǵʮ̫ӣ
ϣӰ£ԭʼǶʼ
ض꣬뿪ԭʼħʵٲΣħƵס
ĿУһǰǿħƣֱӵ·֮ˡ
׹ϣˣϲûʲôŭɫ

ʮ֮ǰͣ£һ񣬵
ʮºֶΣôҵ
ڣɳƵ
Ͼ£»Щѵġ
ֱƽ
¹һǰͲ巢𣿡
ɫ
еǰ߳ı¡
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Եڳնʱһλλȫ䱸׼ʱ֡
Զֽ߬ɫ쳣ѡλʮ̫ӣҪΪ֮û뵽ȴһűõӡ
ֱɡ׹ϣɫ£
Ϊȷϣ嵱ЧҵǷЧ˵䣬ɱ֣ǿħѹڳЩ
̫
ǰѹеŭԪǰ֪
ϣûгֹҲ֪λʮ̫ӾжΪ
·ϣ£
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ٲ⣬Ӱ£һѪŻȾǰء
һĻвӿһۣڡ
ŵ׷ʲô
һδʤѷ֣ǰм飬ڳнǣѾ촦ˡ
׹ϣоâ𣬷ǣ᪻ƽ
ӾȻʧѾõ֮᪻ˣ
һûĴ𰸡
Ŀ⿴ǰ֮ɫĮ
Զǰͱ˵̬ȣŭڡ
׹ϣעǰߣã
ɲǣԭʼϣһɼֲѹ£Լ䣬֡
ʷãҲӽʵߣչ־Ϊա
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䣬ӿѹֱ
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ǰɫ£ħӿΧؿʼ𶯣һ
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䡢䡢䣡
ʣǿ߽֣ҵײ쳹أħɢΧһС
·ʾ˵ĴսϽžɫ˭û뵽λʮ̫Ӿսƽɫĵز
ϣ֪нб仯ǧޱȣ״ֲ̧˲Ϣᣬϡ
ߣƾƥ׵֪š
ժ֣긡
ΣϮܣԪ߶ħ졣
ѧ֣ͬ춯һƣȻӭȥ
˫ƽӣ䣬ƵӦ٣нӹ֮ɢ
ϬʮʽѺֺ飡
֪ΪƣԸսһ֮󣬾ѧ֡
̶ľκˣħգƺ¡
ǰ״ɿݵ˫̧𣬹ӲС
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ħ߱䣬񷣡
ƹ֮У޴ħХʽӣ˿϶
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ţ
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ٹҹУ𣡡
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ʥ
־սħ˿Ϊ޵ǰ
̥ԷĶս֣Ӳ֮С
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飡
нٶȱ٣ȥ壬ȥ롣
ϣӰҵ£ϢмսȴǸʤǰ


1250 
δ֪ԭʼϣ֪֮սȡ
λߣΪһһּҵĹڳˡ
᪻ս֪ս˵ĵزԹǿߣ˿·硣
ϣƣ֮ϴ˷ۣӳ֪ս
սУϣħ桢ײս壬ɺն֮ܡ
ʥֻطâҫ֮ƣġ
·һĻвڣ˭û뵽ôһ죬ʥָᷴǡ
ԽΨһ˼ߣ֣޾¡
Уֻص
ħӿ죬˻һħܣκϯ죬ٿ˼
һֻԻϽ档
һֻУֻؼ
˲ϢĿɫ⻮ֻƺ쳾ɱ⣬಻
̧֣ӰݰٹΧɱǰߡ
˫棬Ϊ֣Ӱ
ҵĴս˿֣ħڣս߶ʽȫѹƹС
ͬʱƷתħԪۣɢ
Ϭʮʽɢ֣
ƽͬ˶֮УƽУսȫ
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ɺӳ֣ƾƱ֮춯ء
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1251 ڼ
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ţ
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1252 Ǩ
ĵ⼲۶һţʧ
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ʱԶ˫ջʶƽǰŴ˼½Ϣ֣ܹ֪

ǳ¶֮ɫؿһ˵Ұ׽һ
Ϊû׼һð𣿡


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1253 ͻΧ
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1254 Χɱ˫ħ
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ȻƽϢ֣ţıǰ߹ٶȡ
ߣ΢΢һ̧࣬ץסǰ֣֮йն£һǬӦϣѪӿ죬Ⱦǿա

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ǬӰģѪȻ˳ųֵļޡ
ʾʹ˷ǬĹ壬壬
ӳ֣ΧѪǬһȣħԪ衣
ǰ״ɫ˿仯ǰеĲɼᶨơ
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һǬŭ壬еΪһ춯ء
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ȾѪŮ࣬ɢ˼һۣںڡ
񱩵ನУ߳йѪϵ䡣
ǬսϣǳĿ⿴ǰŮӣ֪㵱ĺôƯһŮˣҲɱ
Įɨһǰߣתһս֡
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ΪĲ࣬ʽֲܹΪ˲ǰǿߣ¥һսԶѰ߿󼰡
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벽ʵ𣿡
Ŀ⿴ǰ΢΢


1255 
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ȸ뿪޿ռУ˪ǰǰҹɫصǷôλˣôߣǷ̫ˣ

ҹŮԶȥıӰع壬ҪͶʯ·ձػ


1256 ʽ
ޱսգǨ㣬£ȫ֮ء
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¶ǣʲôô
Ƥ¼ӣ𣿡
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ǳɸֵħļϸǵһһȫ¶ǲǴܴɵˣôԵ鶼벻
δأ֪˵Ļе
ԱߣǧͻȻڣ˵ǷǼϸǣֻҪǵУǾͲοظΧΨ֪ƿأ˸ɳ룬һ춯ȷֵıǣ⣬İţܸõļӹһһ
ǳԣϸ룬ƺôֵ
ȻǶû飬ǾôŰɣǳҲȥæ
˵һ䣬ӰŹǰȥ
ǰ޴սϣˣڵ׼ô壿
ԭʼħˣȻҪһĽ
ɫƽٹãǱᵽظ˴ǰ֧ԮǿߣҲ
΢Уú󣬹һ񣬵л¡

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󷽣Ĭԣ֪ΪΣָоħʮ̫ӣƺһˡ
ΪҪԼ
ޱУһܼܹս۶գպž޴ĺǼ䣬ͣ
սǰ̧߳ʱڣظΧݽ⣬ظȫԻǰ
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ĵһĻͶиıò֮֮᪻չ־ܡ
󷽣ǧǧ⾪˵һĻɫ𾪲ѣвξþƽ
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ħΪǵĽ״ӺζֻΪǿ𣿡
ǿкβã䣬ǿΪħӵиıصӦóΪصףһħʳ
ЦѾϹʱһսܵĺεңһλɽ֮شʮλħΪͬ᲻ٴݣ


1257 һ
ħʳǣλǿ߶ħӿ춯ء
ͬΪħѪ˱Ϊ˫ۣȻϹʱһԹ˳׾ѣͬС
飬ʮعȥ𣬽ֻǣɽ׸ıƣڷͬ·ˣȻ±Ǩ޷ı䡣
ڣճ쳣λħĿĮӣһ˿ꡣ
ħһĻʣǸı䲻˵ʵĪǣҪؿԼ˱ūۺ¾𣿡һħԽ䣬ħϯѹǰߣ
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ЦսʱΪǹԼˣĺƽҰǰһĲֵ

һħɫһģôֳ˵𣿡
Ī˵ʲô𣿡
˿ã֣ں˵İΣ͸սⳡսѵϹʱĽѵ𣿡
Ϲʱսܣˣʮܷӡ֮࣬Ĵ٣ҲջԻͣһѩǰ֮ʱһħʳ
սԶֻʹ֣Ұģվħһ塣
̾ԸۣͬΪıˣ졣
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ħԣüͷ壬ȴҲûٶʣֱӪܿͻٳһλʵԷҹζ࣬ϣܹǿƣȫ򡣡
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ԶԶԽκһ壬Ҫ壬Ҫɱҵֹǧ
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ħʲ˵ħʳǽ壬ļޣ֮⣬ˡʰĪĲԸίߣֱӾܾ
ϣħɫ£ʶ̧٣廹Щ;ħҪ̤ƽıʥء
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ľ֮ϵĺħǿȻӽħֲħϯġ
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ĺѩΪģ޾ĺɢ˪Ʈ㡣
Ŀһ˲սӳƿգ˪졣
ĽӰȻٶȼĺħ󼰣ѪȾ졣
棬޳绪İ޳֣;

նһֻħֱӱȥ˫Ѫɽꡣ
ԴĽ죬𾪣ŮУĶǵ䣬ĺ
·棬ΨɱһһĮ飬ħΧУٻӰӰӶ޳Ȫɡ
ս⣬ĦȿǰսĿǿҵɱϢ󣬾޿ſһźɫĹ⻪
սУĺѩиУŲһ̤Ӱöܿɱ
䣡
ڹⶴһħѪӦըǿ֮䣬˵һĻ𺳰ħ
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Ħȿһ۲Զͬޣ
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ҵ𣬾ĺѩϣѪɽȾ¡
ĸ𣬹Ů˹ȻŮˣһ
ĦȴЦһӰӳٶϡ
Уһȭǿն֮Ҳ
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ϤΣĺѩɫûκα仯н漱תǿƿ߷
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һȣĺѩԪһƣڽ֮ϡ
һڣѪӿĿ

ʹĦȿŭ𣬻һ񱩶
󷽣ĺѩ齣ˣܿԪ
ת֮䣬һһֵļҹΧħΧ֮ٳɣ裬ɱ졣
ĺѩйնǧ䣬ٶȴһ޵졣
ս⣬ۼΧɱ֮ѼЧ¥ɫ£գԻս֡
䣡
ꪽ棬츲㣬ĺѩȾ죬Ȼ˫ûκα仯Ųһ̤
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˵ľսУĦȡ¥ɫһͻȻֻǰ׹񣬰ӰѾ
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ӵĿ⣬־֮ɫ֣Ϊľѹ£λ߾ǲͬʱǿҵĿ־ϮŨصķ֮ɫ

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ĺѩ֪ʶȻ֮ʣľѪɢ룬Ȼħ֮Գų֡
ɱ
˫ޱȣҪλȫڴ˵ء
ƽ֪˫ȻѪ죬ΨǰŮӣ·ʹʱ״ѽи
Ϥ¶ȣ˻ĺѩս֮ƾұѪ䣬Ƭ̶ҡ
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ϸ˳أĳ֮ŮȴҲԸ£ǰΪ˻ĳǣѡУΪԸһС
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󷽣׷ԽԽٶȽ٣ǰȻԸ˿ȴ·Զߡ
ڣ
ĺѩǰһοʵ
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֮ʣ૵
Ǳ㹻ˡ
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ȣ
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̫飬񳯾飬һԪĺѩڷӡȫȴһУ׶ȫۡ
䣡
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󷽣׷¥ޡĦȿ⾪˵һĻҲȫһ¶֮ɫ
£°׷Ůӣ˫˪Ҳһ˿С
ԵԵ䣬ԵԵգһΣ˿ĺѩ


1263 ̫
ޱǿ֮У˼䡣
׽£°׷ٻӰһԪڣ򷨾ɢ
֣˳أһа׷Ů̧Ƭǿն֮ҡ
Уᣡ
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ǣᣡ
֮ŮٶȿڣԳ棬ĦѪٶȱһǱ飬ȥ
Ħȿ־ſڣȴҲɢȥеͬʱҲʧȥ
ǣᣡ
ʤѩŮӣ촽طƱ䣬ǰĦɫŤɢȥĽŲһ
Զ¥޿⾪˵һĻʶ˰벽п־Ȼ
꣬ᣡ
׽£׷ŮӵĴοڣ޳Ȫɡ
٣ĦȻףңԶԭʼħ
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䣡
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սϹʱ˯ʮأٴȴǻɢĦȣݡ
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ǰԵ֪ǿռ䣬ԣ͵ͲȾħѪ
ȥ
ȸڣ
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󷽣һλǿӰ֪ߣ̽ƺ󣬽
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ȸͷӸϵʱħһ׷Ѿȫսĺѩ״̬ȻһУλ˵е̫ϼһģһ
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ȥʼգʰԵɡ
ԭʼħħأħӿϣĻӳ̫ħ֮ս
׵һĻʧ޾µ̫֣Ͷ㣬չ֮
Ļǰһλħ忴⾪˵һսɫɫ
û뵽λ̫ϻ˼䡣һħ
ΪӦûδʵҲΪǣȻ֤ûʵûڣξ֮Сħ

һħʳ̫֤ɾսһλɵۣһˣκβ
ħԣüͷ𣬵ط򣬺ٳϹɾĴڣλ̫Ҫ֤£Ҳ̫ǡ
һħʵͷɫڣϣˡ
壬̫ೣ֮ǿߣ綫ɽֱ֮ǰλعصĽߡ
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ңԶʱļ䣬ʹŵ̫ϳǿȥ׹У׷ŮӣǾޣȴǱ˲ֱӡ
ʱţĺѩһһ򽥽ԶȥȻ֪˶
ǰһ쳣ϵǳ֣ĺѩͣ½ŲƬ̺Ӱǰǡ
ϣǲԫϱڣԻ͵ǣѾΪǣҲκ㼣
ĺѩڲԫϱڼ䣬еã֮ɫԽԽŨ
·Ϲŵļ䣬ңԶʣԿ塣
߰գĺѩ߹ǳءɽӣ֮ʣһϵļ̳ǰŲ¡
̳ϣɳĹŽ⼣߰ߣմҳӲݡ
עƬ̺ĺѩǰȥϵĻҳӲݣͻȻ΢ȴ
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̫ϣ
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·ĺѩͬܵϿĹĿ
ϹŶԹɱ֣ͬԽĴսһ
ֵۣ
ɽУŮ߳գɫʢظֵ֣޾ѹϯʮء


1264 ҹ
ޱ񾳣ᾣǧٸλãһ߷ֱƣ׳
һգ߷ϣһλݿȥʮᣬ˫ȴŨϢ
ҹҶУԭʼħǿ䣬գ׶Ȼ֮
ҶУˡ
ǰʮ⣬ҹͣ½Ųǰߣһ񣬵
ǰתϵӿǰµһ֮ƽضðǰ¡
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䣬˲ٿףֱ⣬ԿĴҵ
ϢĻͨ޾ϸйؼĹǳΪλҪ㡣
ãҹĿɨһȦΧʵ֪Ҳ񾳣ΪβӰ
֪ڰľ˴ǰȥɫƽ͵
˱ˡҹ񣬿

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ǣ
󷽣ɫۣȸ
߷岻ԶһȴʮְĸϣһλŮæµͷǰķ˿ˮʪո
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Ůϰ䣬Ͳ£߾ĸ֮٣ŵŮΪȴĸоλ֪ĳһλ۲۵ǿߡ

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ǿڽԽâ񷡣
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һŭĳȣսϣظ־һ磬·
·ĺѩ̤ӭϣƿգӲֵۡ
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飡
񽣽飬Ԫۣ潻档
߼䣬ҵĽս˽ԸԴÿÿʽء
֮սʱƣ·Ϲʱ٣λɽľǿٶȽ棬Ԫֱײ
Ϊʹޣ䲻棬Ψʣıܣλ绪ŮӻӶɱ
ٹ֣ǧˣǰ׷Ůӣظ־Ԫӿա
ʮ⣬ĺѩŲһ׷裬ؽۣΪһԾ޴ĽԻ
ظӰӳӦײ
һһףȻ෴Ȼ𵴣ΧѸٱ٣·˴սನǿʼ٣ػӿ죬ĩ֮
Ÿ裬ᡣ
սȣظ־촽Χ죬ɲǣ֮ϣ޴֣һŭرɫ
Թۣظ־չֳԽ߼޵ֵ֮ϣһն£ǿա
䣡
صһ飬޾µԭʼǺȻѣһ޴Ѻ۳֣ǡ
·ĺѩһȣԪڣɫĹ⻪̫־Ϊ
Թ̫ϽԪȻײ˵ĴըԭʼӦըʯ׷ɣꡣ
ǿռ䣬λ绪ŮӶӶһǿӿԽʢ
ֻأ棬գ̫ظǧ顣
䣬ظ־ǧƵ֣ǧԹ졣
ǿĵظٻظʮΪն̫ϡ


1265 Ļͬ
δ֪ǿ֮ϣظ־̫֮սȡ
ظʮ֣Թֱǿգ޾Ĺڱǳ
Թӳ֣־У۽Ƹʤɫ⻪תҫ۶Ŀ
ĵһĻʮȫ۵ظ־ڣ۽â죬򶼿ʼ
ǰĺѩ״ָԪָؾã
ӣ˪죬̫Ͻƪ֣䶯˼䡣
֮ƾ춯أĺѩָ񷣬ǿռ䣬һ޴ı˪ӳ֣ݺʮġ
һ̣ն£ǺӲã׹
ǿյһУ̫ն䣬ֱƿǿգնǰظ־
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ͬһʱ̣ظ־Уֵնͬ춯صһУӲ˪ӡ
䣡
˫ײǹʢ˵Χǿռ䣬һſŴǱ٣ڴսನг׻Ϊҳ
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춯صһսظ־̫ȥֻʣ±ƻǧٿ׵Ĺ˵ǰһսĲҡ
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µһ󡣡
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ľǰҩ
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ףĬĬ߻Уûٶ˵
ޱħħΪףλ޾Ļ羪κˣɢ
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䡢ۻʡʥ֮ͬʱ˵ͷһȣʢڡ
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ĿУޱ򣬾˵һĻĻѹһſŴǱ٣Ϊɢؼ䡣
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򽻽磬ǧʯ䣬µһУҹޱ򣬲ɣһĨɫ
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ڱҪսˣλһħҲӦŶԡ
ޱĩ֮٣ѹ;һнԻΪҳʧ
츮ʥϣĿ⿴Զǿգɫ쳣
û뵽ԭʼħôͿʼޱˣһϢ
һ̣ʥ죬˲Ϣ󣬽УһĨӰ߳츮䡣
иУĿƹ
ôôͳˡ
ϣһµ츮һݺᣬǿ쳣
ԽѰǿߣߣ򽣳
Ϣһ֮ɫ
ΪᱯˣԼѡǰλĴĽ£Ҳȥ֤ԼĽˡ¶һĨ΢Ц
ֽ߬úǿѹе˸Уڵȥɣ츮ᣬ¡
лӽ츮ͷˡ
䣬У򽣳죬츮Ӱ֮ʧٳԶǿȥ
ޱ񾳣֮Ҫֹ֣һƽʱͻȻɫһĿ⿴Զ
ǣ

޾ǿ⣬ʿҲܵԶ춯صĽɫ仯
˼䣬ʱֳ˾˵Ľߡ
ڣϵľУջ²õȻ첽ȥ
Ϣǣ
츮
ľڣһ̾Ҫȥȥɣվҵ֮һ̣ࡣ
ľǰ˫ȭֱ߬죬Ӵ˿Ҳһ˿ûԥŲһ̤ȥ
ǿգ򽣼ۣգϢ򣬴ԽһһŴǣٳԶȥ
ţ
Զħʡʥ֮ۻʡ˸ܵԶ۶Ľѹȫɫ
ǿĽѹѾԽ޽ӽʵˡ
壬ȻֳǿĽߡ
Ŀʱǿ򽣼۶λʵǿǰ
УһϮµĽߣüĿһǿĽⲻڣƣֹš
ĴһսĽǿߣһܺ󣬰½񳯣ͻƣ¡
壬˲С
ۻ߳۸壬Է²ϳĽ


1266 ʮ
ޱĩٽ٣λʵ֣ͬӣء
Σһ̣ǿУ򽣱˽ѹֱƻʵ
ĻиУɫͬʱ¡
˵Ľ⡣
ۻǰʢԻƿնĵ⡣
֮ĿУУһīĿ
츮𣬰½һʣ˼䡣
ֻһ𣿡
ۻʿǰ½ߣһ֮Ȳ˼䡣
أ
УǿսһλϵӰ߳µûһ˿ȴǸһݵѹ
ߣ
ˣԭʼħλʵǿˡ
ĶԶȤ
䵭˵һ䣬˫ֱûгֵĴ㡣
ȻΪֲǱټϵɡ
˵䣬ǿУһλʿֳֳ߳ȣȥʮ£һ
Ķ
Ŀɨǰλǿߣɲ
ˡ
ʿǰ֮Ŀ⿴ǿ
䣬ǿХ죬ҫ۵ĽУһצ۶ǿ쳣Ϣֱư嶥ߡ
һ̣ζϤףѩ
ᣬСף̥ǣֺ쳾
壡
ħиУɫ£վΪĺˣʵˡ
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ʾĹҲȥУ츮ٳɣһ̤׿ս֡
ҵĽ⣬ҫ۶Ŀֱƿǿգǰߡ
֣߳սԶǿƶħǿĻҡǳ
˫ֺһ³֣ǿޱȵĻ񾳹塣
ǰСգ֣ɽǹҫĿ
ս棬ӣ𣬻Х񷡣
֮С׿ս֮ʱԶ֮ʿǰħʥ֮أսһ
Ҫ𣿡
ʿǰƽʨʥ΢Ц
ԡ
ƽʨʥͷȭԪڡ
ʿҲȣ֡
λĻʵǿߣȭƽӣʽȴɣ࣬Ҳ㡣
һߣħʡ֮˶Ŷ֣˭ûȳ֡
壬ñʹĿ࿴ˡ
ħĿ⿴Զս֣ɫ
벻֮»кܶ࣬ڱԾΪʱ硣֮
ħЦϧʧܵĽ֣ܹı䣬ͬǰĽߣپޣҲֻǰǰĻԻ͡
䣬ǿϣݺᣬ׵ĽѹһһŴǣϽ⣬ʧɫ
ƣѪȼգ㾡һУɽĳԽ
Ͻ⣬ԷϽ棬֮ǰǿҲҴ⣬۸壬½һһعơ
ߣֵ𣡡
ۻʷƣȻǰǧؽ⣬Ŀ⿴ǰӣ
֪֮ս޷˵վǰ;ģӺζ
ֵã
ǧؽ츮Ӱڳʣݣɫ
Ȼ񽣺ۣҵײ񽣡׽棬Ľ
ȣ
裬һȣٶѪȼգѪҫĿ
һʱױȵؽѹɢڸܵеľ޾ȫƸۣһ޻ڡ
ǣ
֮ϣѺ۳֣Է٣ͬеһжעһս
뽣ͬͬϢޱ߽춯أֲĳ£ۻֻؿһ²˺벽
£
ˣŭüңԪۣһƷˡ
Ⱥ嫵Ȼӡڽֻ֮ɽӰɳɣشһ
ʮ
⣬Ӱ£Ѫδͣδͣ
ʮնħҫ۶ĿĽУһ쳣ĹŽ֣Ȼն¡
֮䣬ۻʷԪǰŽ
䣡
ƾನХһؽƿջƾٶȽǰ
ȼǿ츮һ󼰵ĵز޼᲻ݡ
ﬣ
ײһ˲ǰӰӹһƿգزã
¡ٺۼף޴ĳ͸ۻֻѪһҷӿ
ٶȱһλ߱ˣۻŭԽԽʢԪȭ
Σһ˲򽣻ɲǺ󣬻򽣣ڽ֮

Ӱٶȷɳѣ˳ųֵļޡ
ʮһ
죬򽣳˼ֺ֮쳾
֮ʼ֮գǿ飬ٴ
֮У
ۻ̧֣ӣΪϵǰ˲Ϣײϻʵγɵϡ
¡¡ǰ򽣱٣ƻʵ
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Խ˼֮ɽƶѪޣĿ쳣
ԶħӿһĨºڷӰ֣ǰսԨһĨ
ҵ֮ȴħ飬ȴ޴
ǰʮ棬һȻնۻǰϡ
߼䣬žҵײڵնڻǰ֮ϣͬλãƸʤ
һһײϣѺԽԣƸ۵һսģͬ˱ٵıԵ
ǣ
ٶһΣȴһ˿ͬ
ۻǰɫۼϣһ΢ɲѺ۳֣ȻϸСȻڳȴǶ
һ̣սʥ֮ħʻ֮жɫ˭û뵽ᷢ¡
ľԷͬȾ磬֡
ۻǿߣ˵֮£ֻ۷ۻʾµһ
񣬾ǰۻʵľԷȴһƣš
֪㿴ãǱĽ
֮ϣһȣѪ޾Ѫ

ʮ
һʮδޱѿʼҲ
һɫսϿգڱǳĹâ
һ̣츮ѸٻһѪȼеעһ
ߣ
ǿУħʿǰΨһɼ֮ڣһĻεȵϤ
ɢʧȥƣ⼫ĿǳΪɳΪﾡΪ
ǣ
ϣ˲Ϣƿնӳ֣Ϊҫ۵ĳǣնǰۻʡ
𾪵ĿУײߣ춯صĴըನХûΧһС


1267 ս
ǿգսн츮ػһޣʵ
֤ʮ˼䣬һն죬ħ𾡾塣
𺳣ս֮Уײߣ춯صĴը쳹

ನХһʹƺۻǰֱֱ룬ѵۼҲ޷ֹâ
ٶȣѳܽ޵Ľ⣬һ価Ѹٻһʧ
ʮ⣬ۻסΣǰʧĽп־δɢ
ͻȻۻǰһѪȾ񷡣

ƺۻסţӰһģһѪŻ
һش䡣
ѵۼϢۻǰ䣬һȥƾ̡
һ̣ԶɫӹһڹƵƿննشΣߡ
Σһ˲ۻǿԪӲ
ȻһײನХӰ˳ʮɣܿನ
֮ԪۻѪȾǰɫۼס
ǰһĨźϧˡ
һǳۻõĻᣬ۷壬ܹɹڣȻ㡣
С֮ĽҪɱʣۻǿѹƣ
սٵȼΣۻʣ̫ˡ
˷սֽԶսСסӲƴһУսӦֿ
һߣʿƽʨʥҲսӰӳԻصԼӪ
ս֣ʼû潻֮ħʿԶĴսнɫ
ܾ˵Ľ츮ۻش˭ûԤϵĲһսһθıˡ
Σͣ𣿡
֮ջĿ⣬ǰħߣĵؽУħмʤ㣿
ħɫ£ɨһԶɥʧսۻʣˣ
ħʾô𣿡
ħĻʽҪȥʱʺһ𣬵
ħʶĿ⿴Դɱ˿ڣʮӣĪҪΪ໤ʾɱ㣡
֪ҳݣħҪʱȥħʸҪӦ޼Ρ졢ҡĴɡɫƽ
ţ
λħԣȫͣ½Ų
ս񣬸λӦҲʵԭʼħҪ壬£ͬҲйܾˣ磬ԸλҪռĴΪעԭʼħһ֣ħʤĴַϣħܣȫ˻غʮ֮ڣս𡣡
ĴעʮƽСӣ㵱š
ħ˵ɣҪôģ
սֶʤԭʼħλֱ֣ǹ䣬Ӯһյʤߡ
λħһۣŶȴм־衣
ǰʮӣһ֮ħңĻ˲ò
Զ֮ԣûΪŶֹ
Сʲôѣ㲻ֹ𣿡
һԣʿüʵ尲Σһʤ㲻ߵĶעʵ̫Ϸˡ

֮û̫ͣƽӦһ䣬
֪һ֮ˣäĿľ
ȣʵվѷɫһ˵ĴʧأһսʮϢֵá
ͬԭʼħλҲӦòܾ飬ϾĴĵʧ˵ʮʱ䣬ʵʲô
ǰħʻַΧռ䣬Ļ߹Ľ顣
ú󣬷յĿռ򿪣ħ߳Ŀ⿴ǰʣԭʼħԽܣҪ޸ġ
ħԡƽ
սָΪֱ֣ԵǹꪡʤʤֵһΪʤߡħɫ
΢΢˼Ƭ̣ͷԣȻħʸľʱ͵صħûɣ
ԣϣ岻Ҫᾳȴ̫áħʵ
ǵȻϾҲֹͣⳡսƽ
ǱʱԭʼħȺǵϢ
˵꣬ħûٶԣħӿʧ
һԣλħӰͬ黯ޱȥ
ħĻȥǿϣҲϢĿ⿴ؼɲдƬһ̾
ϧˣ
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ʮˣҲˡ
߰ɡ
Զ֮ڵȥˡ
ͷתǰһͬȥ
ޱ񾳣ģΡΰĸ߷ϣվ֪֮߳
߷ϣһֱĵȴĿȸ˹һʵʦΣ
ħĻʱ뿪츮֤Ȳˡ֮̾
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ʱֹͣһƽ٣ֺʱܽ
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֪㷽ŵ飬мɰա
֮Ŀ⿴Զĺˣʵ
ɡƽ
ֻ𣿡
֮ԣɫˣԭʼħҪʲô񾳻ȫϡ
л
ͷھѡǰҪȻһ˵ظȸҲһȥɡ
˵䣬Ŀ⿴һԵŮӣɫ
ȸԣ̧ͷһƬ̺󣬻ع˵ͷӦ
ʦ𣬵ȥˡ
ȸһ񣬸
һ·Сġ
֮
š
ȸӦתɽȥ
㣬ǻȥˡ
ڵĸϣѵ
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˶뿪񾳣һ·ŵظȥ
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棬ͬƹĿ⣬ż֮ɫ
޼Ρ졢ҡĴΪעδ
ɫ£ħĻʵĶľ֣ϸ˵Ů
ˣ
ȸɫ仯ʦ𾹻ͬĶľ֣š
֮ضȻΪ廹·𣿡
˴Σ츮ش֮ʣֻƾλߣҪħĻʣʮ꣬ԭʼħܽܵļޣ壬ȴҪκһпϢʱ䣬ֻʮꡣ
ǰԡѪͨΪȡʮ꣬츮ΪۣΪȡʮϢĻᣬΣǶҪס
ǹꪡơ
һԣһԭʼħнͳīǹսޣµһ棬µһңҪжһʤףοҪӮοҪˡ


1268 ѡ֮
ޱž޴ĺǼ䣬һԭʼǳϣʮ޴ĹֱգΡ׳ġ
һգظϿգ⻮ӰȪ赲С
ʮ޳˫ڣظиУĿ뿴ʣɫ¡
֪ڻˣ
λһҪ̡
ϢǰС
ʱǰӹһλλߴӸ
ƽոĵظʮޡ޳ʮ࣬һǳɫ
ڣǰظĿ뿴ǰ֪нʡ
գλǰΪ˺͸λ˵һ¡
ûжϻֱӽԭʼħ֮ĶľֽĿ濴ڳظɫλʲô飿
ǰǳȫĬظԭʼħڻҪˡ
ǹꪡƣԭʼħ۷ľ֣սħһ棬޽ӽʵˣûκ˸˵бʤİգΣգԣⳡľ֣ѡһҪ֮ظʮһ⣬ȸڣѵ
ѡҵһҪųˡǳ¶ε
ͷѧص㣬ͲӦУ֮£㲻ʺϡ

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֣֮ѡʵѣֻǡ
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Ϊ̫࣬޷ѹƣȡʤϣǣڽѹ֮ˣѲڣһ֣˵Ǳ䡣ȸ侲
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Σ
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ƹԸΪҪΪϸΪѹƣȡʤ꿪ڣ
ƹ֣ԭʼħǿ˱ʥʮ֮׵޼ӻħң˵ʵӦڲ֮䣬ҹռƣ޼Űʵĳƺţʽˣ˭ս׶Ը˵
޼ӣǰУԭʼħӦòսȸڵ
δء
޼ӵʵɲ⣬һӮ̶ܴΪʥڹսλʥһ˹вСģݴͣ˳£ʤУŽҵĳɷ֣ٴν֣Ҳûʤİա
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ţ
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ȸɫȷ̶ȵƶֹ壬ɫվгܵļޣԭʼħλƹ֣۷壬벽ʵľǿߣпаաʵ
ȸҡͷĸ֣಻ʤֻܾΪ
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ظԣĿҲǰ֪ɫ¡
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µһԭʼħ֯ѻص죬»δü˵
Ľ͵µһҹΪףλĶ֣ǣ˽Ĳ࣬ʱʽݷһˡ
ԭˡ
ظȻһõϢ
౼λҹҲһ֮ԵһΣȥɡһԣڣݾܾ
üͷ壬µһشĽ紦սΣ쳣Բʲôȫ֮ء
һȥһԣƽ
š
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У¿ԶȥıӰͬУһĨ΢ɲĵ֮ɫ
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̸꣬ڣظ뿪֮ĩǰһԵ֪ƽ֮Ҳʵѡȥ
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ԭ֣֮ռݾƣ룬̶ʱ䣬ǰԣ츮ƥԭʼħĽǿߣȻѰ


1269 վ
򶫷ĵؽ磬ǧγɵȻϼ䣬һ޴ĸ¥Ρ׳µϢ
µһԭʼħǿ֯ǧںڰУѰϣ
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ٸ·գӰͣŮӣڵϢգָܻһ¹壬Ҫ⡣
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֮սʤѷ֣һӣȴ񶼴һмң˫֣аؾ
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ս뿪ϣҹӰǰλŮӣƽ͵͵ʧԶӭʧˡ


1270 ڰ֮
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лų֮顣
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ꪡ
ҹԣɫ΢˼
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µһԭʼħ񣬶ȻŹ֮ǰλҹųʱչֳΪѰֻ˻ʵ𾪡
˴µһܹʤͻ󼸷֡

ʱУһλӿڣɫصǿ
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˪ԣɫҲûоܾǱλˡ

Ŀ⿴ߵŮӣڵְɡ
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һƣɽҹӰӹֱһӡһλĿڡ
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
λ¶ɫĿ⿴ԶµһǰİŮӣɱԡ
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аƣ춯صײһһаɢ
ನǰ˰벽Ѫ䡣

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ް
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ɱ¾֮У춯ضҹλöӰ𲻶
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벻Ҫ˵
䣬ҹɫ˭ѲҪҪλû£ǰ֮£۽һ֣ʱֱ̬ȣ֮µһˣΣΪһ֡


1271 սǰϦ
ظյ޳У֪һվա
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޳ǰȸתĿ⿴ŵںˣɫƽѳΪ̫ϣٻ
̫顣
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ħᣬʶ̫࣬ǣǰħȴǽӰ죬òô顣
ڣعĪһ˫ȥ±仯䡣
ʱظϿգӰգڹ
޳УиУ߳Ŀ⿴Ͽգɫ¡
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λڣʵ
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ʲô취
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λûħһĲͬʲôɫʵ
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һԣȸü˷ǣԭʼħʲܴӦƽ
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۽ּ֮䣬µһҹ˵֮ԭʼħƽʣµģơǹȻиֳսǣΪΪĲ࣬ħλǿߣʤ㲻󣬷Ҫ˵Ļ²ɡǳʵʵ˵
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ƶǶĵ˵ͷĲһ
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ԣף֮ȥ
ʱڣΨʣ֪Ϳȸˡ
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1272 ʮս
ظʮʱһչȥʮȫչزΪúս׼
ħӿǿѹԭʼǡ
һλλ߸ܵԶʮľħнм˵ĳơ

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һ˵ظʵǷйЧĵطڣƽ
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䣬ҹӰӳǰС硣


1273 ֮
ҡ⡢򽻽磬սڴĵһ֣ʼ
Ӫм䣬С粻תˮ𡢷硢ס⡢ԽȻͬ磬Ϊֻأ仯Ī⣬Ԥ
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һ̣¡¡쳹磬ನХΧĿ˲Ϣһ͡
ţ
ɲǻᣬҹоԪٴ
һꪡ
һ̤Ӱ˲Ϣӳҹ˫ꪣ֮˻֮Ԫ
һꪣһ죬֮ϣɫꪻգ޴ĺɫѺ۳֣Ѹ֮⡣
·¥кݺһУһȣ޴ĽӰ֣ӳ֣ʶ塣
һ̣Ȼײ޾أǿѹ֮ܡ

صƺನХ¥ӰɳȻײԶɽʯɽ׹ꡣ
֮ǿɺĺҹ֮ƾʵǿѹ¥ޣսβʤ֡
ϣҹӰһԶɽ
ɽУ¥޿ȳһѪģ˸̾
̫ʤѶ
ԭʼħӪ浭
ЩϧҲûжʲô׼һսɡƽ
¥ޣվΪ˲ڣܣҲҪܵϣ
Զħսɫ£ȵ
磬ٵĸ߷ϣ¥ٶȿȳһѪһĨѶĹ⻪
˲ڵҫںǣģľôʧܣ
ȣ
ǣϳߵ¥ӿһѪ
¥徭弱ֲԪᴩأҡǳ
𣿡
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ԭʼħӪλǿ߿ս֣¶һ˿ڴ
¥ĻһЩϲ
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ǰҹ˵һ䣬ٴɫɢӣء
𣡡
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µꪣЯ֮գǰҹ
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ߣҹУ죬ʱХף񷡣
һն£Ѫ裬¥ʹƺһһֱֻӱնϡ
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䣬ҹٶȻն¥һֻҲ֮˺ѣѪӿȾա
𣡡
¥ʹشһ˫ɺ죬̬ˡ
֪Ұʲôͬ𣿡
ҹֱ̧֣סǰԣԣĥҲΪֹˡ
˵꣬ҹֺݺһգʱ񱩵ֱӿ¥ڣȥһ
ս¥޲׹£Ȼ֮ϡ
Ϣ󣬷У֣߳ͳս֡
֮ʤ
ϣϵ𣬻صǿռ䣬ҲڴÿС
ʧһս
ҿһ۲ԶԲе¥ޣޣ˲ʱˡ
˲ڲ֮£Ͳˡƽ
Ӫҹع飬Źµһ֮׷׳ء
ҹ΢ЦһһӦĿ⿴ԶĬ˼ĺˣڵ֪Ҳ
ع񣬵ͷҹˣҹﰲϢ˳㾲սɡ
š
ҹףߵһԣרĵϢ
սһ֣֮ĽԭʼħӪУλħǿȴûκξš
ϣĮƽɫ򶨵ëȻԼʵľţ˼λħ˿Ľս
ڣȡڶĽ𣡡
ϵ׺գͬʱְת֮ϡ
ɲǼ䣬תֽʢһõĴ֣ڶսԻǰ

һ֣Ρ


1274 ۽
ǿգԻԤʾŵڶս
ԭʼħӪĿ⿴ǰӣһܣ΢Щģٴƽ
ս֮ˣǱˡ
Ļʵܣˡҿڵ
š
ͷǰȥ
Ӫ֮쳣Ǻʵʵ֮¼սʤսޱȼѡ
£һҪСġ
ڣ¶֮ɫ
š
ףͬǰȥ
ӪģС粻תִֻأʵ硣
Ϣ󣬻СУӰƾ߳ͬǿħ춯ء
硣
ӪУС磬ɫ΢
ƽ󣬲⣬ȴҲ㲻ϺõĽ
Ϊͽ裬˼䶥壬νƽ󽻷棬ʤ㼫С
磬ħӿħħħϢرɫ
ħ˲Σ㣡
濪ڣƽ˵һ䣬գħϯ
ħʵɲǣħ졣
֮ޣ֮
棬µӦһ䣬ֻӹУĩ֮ͬ˼䡣
ħ̬֮仯߳棬ҫĿ
ħλħߣ˲
䣡
һУġĩ֮ԺֲħϯѸٴݻΧεò

սַֿһħתƣħ˻ġ
ڱ㾪ȣ̫ˡ
ʮ⣬ԪһħϢڣ޾ħԪԽˡ
ԭʼħӪһλλħ߿ǰս֣ɫ
λħߣͬһ㡣
˾ħѰħ
ս֣λħͬ߶ħԪħħϢ졣
ħںϻһݺᣬ̹ǡ
ȥ
ͬʱһȣǧ򽣹ƿնǰ
һ̣У⻥壬򽣱٣ྡྷѺ
Ϣನɢµս֣ѷֲ١
𾪵Ľ彣߾ħһսƽɫ˿·硣
ӪУǧ䡢˿ǰս֣вϷ
ͬΪߣظܵս˫ħǿ󣬻Ѱ֣һĽУȻѾ
ǰעս֣ɫû̫⡣
Ļʳӣʾˣǵƻ·ݴһһ쾳֮ˡ
£ǸĴĻӣѾ仯࣬Ȼ͵ֲƱԸȴǴû̫仯
ʵУ¾ŵǰӿǰ
µĶ֣ͬԭʼħǿߣĸ棬սȡʤס
ս֣һһֽ棬˫ħսⲻƣס
ҫۣˣŽ񺱼
ħ棡
н棬սٶȷֿ·ƣħϯ
ħԭ
棬ͬ˼ԪħڣӶ
磬ħϮ죬λħϴ߶һħԪ춯ء
¡¡ħҡضսм䣬յѣݺӣֱǧ֮⡣
Ľϸ֣һȾˡ
ħӪҿӪķλʮӣͬϺĽ̸֣ʵĽչʵˡ
ôʼˣ
һԣīڣƽ
ǵģЩ֡
ҳһսԤӦʮӲսû뵽ȴǳôһλİǿߡ
ʮ̫ӽƹգԷǳ˿ɼ֮սǸаУһ֡ī
ơ
΢΢𣬵ȡʤѰ
ӪܵħӪĿ⣬˫ȥһĨ
Զӵ˫䣬ɱ硣
Ƭ̺ͬʱջĿ⣬ǰս
磬˫ħսȣ֮ս۴ӰϽ⡢⣬ҫ۶Ŀ
ྡྷһһۻǣ죬ΪĲ࣬¶
ͬΪ˼Ľߣ޷΢СĹ࣬Ծʤ
µĹ忪ʼųֲסˡڵ
ס
ͷȴ˿ûֹ˼
Ϊһְɡ
ǳɫѵ
ٵȵȡ
һԣڣɫصںͣ»ź
š
ͷнħħµĵԼ
лɫ
ս֣ۻ˫ħ֮սʼбħײһѪɽ˳ʮɣս֣֮Ѫ졣
ϧ㱾Ըǿġ
ǰһǰĿ⿴ǰ֣һĨź
ʱ䣬ǰ˵Ľв
ţ
ǰʮͻȻͣΣǰ˫΢΢һ
һ̣ڵĻУϥӣ֪ݺη
˲ϢɫħӿƮ㣬ʮԻħңֱ졣
ǣ
ͻı仯ɫһȫȫ䱸
Ծħ˼䣡
ħϢǿ󣬳ԽħԵĽޣ޽ӽصıԴ
ڤ
֮ϣԭʼħλ߿·ľĿ¡
ڤΪλ˼䣬λ޷ٴ߾罵
·ս֣ڤ֮˫仯ڰʮ񶯣Ӱ˲ʧ
䣡
սУ˫ٶȽ棬񱩵ħΧ̱
һ֮Ӱٶʧħӿûս֡
ţ
ڰħϢУɫԽأָѪȾ档
ģ񣡡
ϼޣ˫ѪһӰͬʧ
䣡
𵴣ϱٵĻУӰٽħײ𺳡
ħӪһλλ߿ǰ˵Ľ֮ɫ
ȴȴԹ߽䣬۽ֽţˡ
ʹ죡
սУϣ֣ħѱǰݡ
ȻһսǴݿ󼰣ԽսѪɫԽԣһս
ģڽһ˿ģ
ս⣬ҿǰսڵ棬ԸֻǣΪԽԽߣðĮȫʧȥյķ
ħ͸ԶΪѹƼԣ˺죿
ǧħ޼ɻꡣ
սؼݰ飬һȣѪֱǿգѳħѸٷֱ
һն䣬ǧħХգǰδĽУֱնأֻء
սǰ¼״ڰ˫¶һĨҫ۵Ĺ⻪ʮɢȫۣһ
ħ죡
֮У豹棬ǿռ䣬ĩ֮ն䣬ɲǣһɫĴѺԻӣֱǿ


1275 ǹ
磬֮˫ħ֣ħ
ǧħ޼ħӦײȻ٣ɢ룬󺣡
񱩵ನУֻʤ߰ȻͻȻǰѪɽȾħ

ˣѪȾѪ죬쳣
Զ°׷Ӱɳֱײһǣħָ̬Ϣ
üģһĽ۳֣Ѫ䣬¡
ܣһĴҵһսڴ̫𺳡
ȥ´ɡ
Ӫڣƽ
š
ͷһ̤ǰǿշȥ
սУ濴˶ɫ£ѹһشӰҪǰ˽֡
Ķ֣պضΪħͷ󻼣뾡
ʱǿϣºڷӰӹһħǰ
Ƶȥǰ·κԽ
һս䡣
ǰħһƽ
󷽣ӰӹԵԣߣ˳ս֡
ǿϣӵˣɱ̹ǡ
ϧʣʱɡ
սתħӪȥ
ڶսԭʼħʤȻħӪУϲû̫ϲ֮ɫʵѾǵԤϡ
û°ɡ
ǰҿ߻صӣڵ
ްϢƬ̼ɡ
ƽӦһ䣬һԣʼϢ
պϵ˫Ŀ֮ɫΣһսĺա
һȻѾɳ˿µĵزѾԺƽƽˡ
ӪػԵ£ǰ̽΢
Ʋ̫أֻǹľˡ
ħһ鴫µʵս˵زɻǰˣϧ
ˣ㣬׼ȥһսˡ
ˣڵ
š
˵ͷӦ
֮ϣߵ˵ڶսĽ
塢ħʤһ֣ս
Ŀȡսϼʢһҫ۵ǹ֣ǰ
ֵ𣿡
ԭʼħӪ޿ԻĴ֣ڵ
ޣˡ
ҿڣħս񣬾ʧܣ𣿡
ס
ףŲһ̤ǰֻȥ
ӪؼһսĿ⿴Զ¥¶ɫ
ǰתֻأɫ쳣
һսʱʮҪ˴ΣҪˡ
֪ڣЩ㵱ػ˼ԭˡ
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Ӫ䣬ֻתǰһսб٣ֻʣ磬ϱ仯
ĿУһʥҫСУӰ߳ս
硣
Ӫһλλ߿ǰһĻɫһ
֣֮
ֵĴ֣֮һΣվһʥħˣȫѹħս壬սδȻʧ֡

ԭʼħӪɫ仯֣֮ⲻĽˡ
޵ʵӹɣǣǿ֮ˣʵ޷ӣҲܰսʤ
磬ޡ¥ңţؼ䣬Ͼħսɢħ
룡
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¥ӦգȪǹͬԻһ̤ת沽ö
䣬䣡
ǹ۷壬Ȼ֮ڶ˼亱սһ棬ȡ
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λǿ߽棬Уɳŭǹݺᣬб
ȪɣУ
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ţ
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Ȼһǿನ𵴣ͻ˫һʹħҲȡ
ʤ֣¥һ̤ǹǰ
ĻȪˣ߼䣬һǹâӹǰ
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ս߱񡣡
ʱ޲پսֱǻ֮Уֻ֮ϣϯǰߡ
¥״Ӱ˫֣ܿħ߼У˲ϢٶȺ϶ΪһȪƿգǰߺġ
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Σһ˲󣬾޴޶֣±֮С
𾪵һսԭʼħӪУǰսɫԽԽء
޾Ȼƣ˭ûϵ
ħսʵҪ֮ϣ˵峡սУԭʼħʤߵıһ
ȻսܵĿܡ
֣֮ʵ̫ǿ簢Ҳת֮
Ӫħĳ飬һλλе¶Цݡ
챣ӣһ֣ҪӮˣʣµսͺôˡǳǰսĺãЦݵ
õ֣֮ȷˡ
һԣǧҲѵɼ֣΢Ц
սӮɣ
֪ߣʵ
б¥ͬδóȫʵֻҪ⣬սоųʤ㡣侲
ȫעս֮£ϣһλλͬע·սɫ졣
ħս񣬾Ҳ˿ս˵ֵ֮ȷλͬǿ𾪡ʥڣ
ȥս޺ܻܿܡһԣۻ
ħʣľƣɲԸ⿴Ľ
Զɽ֮ͬڣص
ȣ
ǰħɫ쳣Ӧ
һߣλħʿ·սɫࡣ
ѣЩظߣʵĿ࿴ˡ
ʿ΢Ц
֮У˶սս黹ӦѰǿ߿ɼЩˣδϣλ֪ͳЩ˱زٵĹؼ֮ɫ
Щˣҡ
һԣСһ̾ʦֱڣΪλѡǸˡ
磬˫ǿԽңһʥӳֵ¥ۻƥǹƿգȪ·
¡
žײѪ׶ȼ졣
սְƣԭʼħħһħʿǰĻеӳһսɫ쳣
ħս񣬾ʧܣս֮ΪһЦ
˼ˣһħ˫գħ¡¡޾ħӿȫûڡ


1276 Ʊ仯
ʥ磬ս죬ħǿսصߣλǿ棬Ƶظ
ĿУ¥־ΪһȪ趯ǿħսһʱ·硣
ɲȵΪǧѧ飬սУħԪӿԾսǿгų
бս֣˶ܿħսƣȻܵսûܡ
ս⣬սɫ£޵ԣʵھˣѹƵ˳̶ȣȻܳų֡
ħս鴫ǧ俪ڣɫص
ħӪλħǿ߿ǰս֣ʼɫ޵ԣվżޣƻֻۣʱ⡣
λߴǰǴδܽޱ˳̶ȣλʮӣ
壬һ˲С塣
滺˫ۣ˵
ϹʱʧܺȶСǿһһȾˡҳ
볹״壬ֱҪ׻Щǿߵġ
ޡ
ҿǰս֣ս񣬾ʧܣѵľƣҲҪȡʤ
Ȫɣ
սУ¥Ųһ̤ԪڣתΪʥ춯صһУƵ
Ȫۣ콵ںɵķ֮УƿؼħǹâݽħսĿڡ
֮
Σ٣˻ħ֮У˫۽ħӿΪϵǰ
ȪɫκȻײħ岻֮ʥħ棬ֲĴը쳹
ྡྷƵ壬޽˳벽ǣһĨѪ¡
սܴ֣ǰ¥״оâʢһ̤ǹƿա
Ȫǹħϳײʥӳ£ǰħɢâ

ͻȻȪƿħ赲ħڣһٴĿѪ
ߣð޾ޣ
ǹ壬Դ޳һȣӳ£
һǹƾףսˣɱ졣
Σ¥Ų̤кˡ
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һս޷ʱƣޣпܻ䡣
ǰ¥ֲ̧ѪĿ⿴ǰħսƽ
룡
ɫԽأǰǿĶ֣Ұִ⡣
һ̣УӰٶײ˵ĲѸɢݿ࣬ȥΧʱա
ܵսһսÿÿʽ֡
֮䣬ǰδ¥Դǻں뼫䣬һսȫѹħս
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𾪵ĵط
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ĿǰľսҲȡʤ£սԱ⡣ɫص
ƣλʮӻѡһأ
ĿƹӪǰĺˣ˼
۽Ļᣬ˵ʮΪָȡʤİա
ʮֻܳսһһս˳
һԣīĬԣĶǲʮ̫ӣ̫֮ƽ
𣿡
ߣеħӪеīʵ
š
ͷħʳǣͳ죬óõʵѷɫκһλħߣʦĶ֣ضǴˡ
еͷظ֪λͳ죬ΪѳѰˡ
Ϊսб仯ʼһսʱϣħѹǿֺء
һ
ӪиУĿȻʣɫ¡
ôˣһħʱǰסΪӦڻ˲ǡ
ħӪУħɫͬ仯ȻûԤϵһħʻڴˡ
ϣӿУһĨõӰ֣棬Ա
ħ·ֻؾ𶯣սδֹһοʼת
Ƭ̺˽սΧ磬Ѹٱ仯磬仯ڰ
ǣ
ӪǰʼƫƵֻأɫ쳣

䣡
˫ǿս֣ʧްİ罵٣֮ϣƹ֣֮˲ת
ʥʧħ𣬻羪Σġ
ǰ¥ܣѹ߹塣


1277 
֣ǹսսؼʱ̣֮ϣħħǿиıʱ
ֻתâ˲ڰаɣħƱա
·ħӿˣǿƥѹڰ硣
Ӫֵħɫ쳣
һħʣô
ս߲֣ΪȨĪǹҪΥ𣿡֮ڣ
ʴ֮սֻ޷֮Ӱ쵽ǵսӦǴС粻ڴı仯Ҳ״սϿգһħʳ
ǿʶ
ʿ˫ŭƣԭʼħ̫
һԣ֮ĿƹӪǰĺˣ¶ѯ֮ɫ
ǰ˵ͷ
ɡ
֮ջĿ⣬ƽ
ϣһħЦһӰȥʧ
Ӫ֪ǰɫصһ֣ºˡ
š
ףǰռţΪսپ¥ǿ˹ƣĲС񣬴ת䣬תΪƣ¥Ҫ̣ȱ㹻
ϧˡ
һ̾һ֣оųɰ£û뵽˱
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𣡡
ŭ쳹ǿգ󣬾޴޶֣ǿף𺳡
ӳ֣޹۷壬񱩵ħӿûΧء
ս߱񣡡
ֵħУУħƣ󺣡
֮У޶˻ħܻۣħǹ֮ڡ
н棬¥ɫӰ˫֣䲢УȪ֮죬ɫ䡣
˫ҫڰ磬ڰĶԾ֮ȷʤ
ս⣬һλλעǰսɫ쳣רע
һ֣ʤʮҪʤĶľ֣˭õڶʤʽʤʴ
Ӫе˫΢΢պϣ񣬲ûս
Ϊʦһʤ飬ں
䣡
ĿУڰ磬˫Ӧײ̻󣬺ڰͬٿɫ磬ɢڴ֮С
սУӰͬʱɳѪɽꡣ
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˵һĻ𺳣˭ûзӦ˺¡
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һħʶֽš
ϵħĻʣɫ쳣ս̫಻֮ȻˣҲܷ
ϣǳǰȥǩս𽫳
ƣʣ֣ħӪУһλλְعעʤʤѴֿɼ
ϣתֹͣľ֣ѳ
ǿУҫĿġ衰衱Իǣڳ֮ġ
ħӪī߳ħͳʽߵǰ
󷽣ħɫƽһսĽȻٵġ
īƹħǧ꣬Ϊīֻ򱳾ˣΪǧīħһĵһˡ
Ȼħǿλħս޶˵ʤλͳ졣
Ӫе˫ۣǰȥ
һ̣ڣɫСģīʵ֮ϡ
š
е΢΢ףʮǰʦ˲鷳գʦ㶨ỹһʤ
䣬еһ̤Ȼ裬ǰֻطȥ
Ϣ󣬺УӰ߳ѩƮ㣬˼仯Ϊذ֮ɫ
ƽ󡣡
ӪһһսʱӰ죬ӡ̣˭ؼʱ̣֮֡
ǰʮ̫ӳƺʦ㡣
ѩУīǰŮӣƽعʵʮ̫֮ϡ
ʦܵʵܹȣĵȷǱ̵ġ
е˵һ䣬˫۵ˮУһһ캮ƾն
Ứᣬݵ֮񣬽񳯣־ա


1278 
ѩ磬еīӶâ𣬴սһ
Ứּ֮ڰ׹⻪ӳҫ˼䡣
ս⣬һλλɫ£ÿ֮ս
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һսī̤ת޾ħϯѩ磬춯ء
ħǧһˣ־Ϊһ죬±ɫ
۶ħӰħ죬ն£˫֡
ǰеˮ䳤裬˫붯
ȻһỨ֮Ӳ¡¡쳹ǿգħݺᣬϯ
սľ֣Ͼ棬ħ壬λǿĵϸֽ֣潻顣
쵶棬ȴƳɽ˵津֮ߣ죬ĿӲϾ
ҵս֣еӰζ裬ˮ侪
ݵһŽ񺱼ԽΨһ
ĵ಻ˮ佻֯⽻֯Ρ
Уīɾ䣬ħȴж
ľ󿪴ϣƼ棬ʽ䣬Ѽ˿
潻棬ⲻϽսּٰȻ
սƽһս˽ԸϼԪʱӰ죬Ψеᡣ
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ͳУĿĵĺ⣬һһν棬âྡྷɽʯ
ս⣬սɫרעѼ۴ս
˵ĵ裬ʵˣһսʤˡ
ӪҹǰűѩеĴսƽ
ΪīʤһʦµһħħΪƻᱻ޶ȵֲսʤĻǵ衣
ħ
ҹԣɫⲿħȻδʧ
ս֣н棬תʮУħԽǿ˫˼䡣
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ԭʼħӪ桢һаҲսֵı仯ɫ
ŷʲô
īλŮɣ
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īϣħȻµһħܾˣͨĽӴħ߹塣
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ʮ꣬ѹ岻ϧĴΪעҲҪȡʮ꣬Ҫľʱɳʮ꣬Ըı̫顣
ѩ磬սԽңѩУһһײһȻ֮ڶ
ǿǿ𺳣ǿĵԲ棬Ψһ
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׵ɳѩӿΪǧУǰħͳ졣
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˫棬ҵĳײ߼䣬е֣ɫ̵֣磬б
ī˰벽Ѹ羪ףһһơ
ѩУһһֵĹҵӦӲϾĵ֮׼
ŮīͳսƽɫĵزһڹΪռƵ£֪ΪͬīܻܿڴŮСҳ
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ѩУһһɫˮ䣬ݺύ£˱޿ɱܡ
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á
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꣬ǧ飬ոһգ긴һ꣬īУ⻪𣬽ԽԽҫ۵˲ֱӡ
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ӡ⣬ħԳ죬īѪֲ𵴣Ӧ⡣
һӭϣħ죬˫ײȻһеյ֮Ѫɽս׶ȼ졣
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֣һƽؼ䣬ѩֹΨкɫĵ⣬۶
īӰӳһɢǰ⣬μǰϡ
䣡
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սȫ汬Ķ֣Ϊ޽ӽʵǿħһʱԾǰħ
Ҫʤ𣿡
ԭʼħӪһλλǿ߿ǰս֣ɫ
ī⿪ӡָħԣսһսӦòвˡ
Ӫǧ䡢ǳɫ仯쳣
ʧ֣һ֣ԲٰܣĴͱ빰ˡ
ľƣһĴԭʼħʵʱӲܿԡ
ǰעǰսĿƬ̲뿪
֮ŵʦ㲻κˣ¶ī
ѩ磬սбеұۣѪ䣬¶
Ϊؼһ֣ʧеӲһУһȣħͬ
ɲǼ䣬Ʊ䣬ỨѪ쳤ӭ衣
衣
ڤ
ֵڤ֮ڳˣֻؼ䣬ǧǧڵħ޾ס
һ̣еһ޵ĺɫչħ󺣡
֮񾪹壬еһȦȦħƵֲħʢħħ
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壬˶ħߣʵ˼
ħ;ܹͬ飬ǰŮϵħѲڻħ
ϣնħˮ裬ħŮǿ𺳡

һħӰ˲ʧ籼ףֻһתۣħǰ
䣡
˫棬ī֣ڱѪɽȾ


1279 վ
ѩأ˪ħչȫ
˫ײನХڣħӿǧѩ
УһĨѪɽȾѩ
֮īˣ졣
ͬನ󣬻еұۣѪ죬սﵽܵļޡ
ȫħһɫӿؼ
ĵһսսȫƽɫսһռţٵսƽϵΨԽԽصơ
ףΪʮ̫ӵĵ˾ޣʦͽĵ裬ѳԽˣһս᲻ܰܡ
䣬īкʢ̤ǣ֮ת֮䣬ն
ɱеܣӭս
һ죬һ顣
ҵĵ֮˵治ײһһྡྷ𵴣ϳ
ȣ
ս˷ɱ죬塢ħ壬λ߲Ϊ𣬲ΪֻͬĪʡ
һһεĳյ֣֮ѪˮɽȻҪղȡ
ս⣬ǰսɫԽԽء
˭û뵽һս˲ҵĵزս˭ʤ˭˿֪
ԭʼħӪҶߣһϵͻȻ
֮ϣħʶߣͬһħʵĴ֪ͨս
ôˣ
ԣ޸оǰߵʵ
ҪʱƬ̣սսͣ
˵һ䣬Ӱڰʧ
ϣħʽ䣬Ӱͬʱ黯սȥ
Ӫǰǰ֪ʱһ˵ħüͷ
أΪͻȻӰ
ͨǰħӿħʡûƬ̵飬̤ռͨС
ԭʼħħУһħʾ˫պϣϳڵĽӡ
֣
һ̣Ͽգħӣ߳Ӱ
ףΪҴ
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ˡ
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ѩأݺᣬѪѩû˫Ӱ
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һ죬ɳϯ˼䣬춯صһУƴݾƱ䡣
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ħӪһλλĿŵעǰٵ磬Ҵ
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ŮӣӪȥ
ī
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ī˫ۣƣս̫ˡ
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սڳձ쳣ĳս塢ԭʼħʤΣսƽ֣յһսȻ޿ɱ⡣
һ֮Ӫǰ֪Ͻ֮ɫ
ôѾϰ۶ôѵľ棬֪ʧ
Ǵ֪ϿһִţŬһЩŬһЩ㾡УŬһЩ
֪ʲǣǣս˿־塣
ˡ
󷽣˵˫ۣڵ
š
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ħӪħǰսߣɫôÿ
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УºڷӰһֻأ׽磬ͨ߷壬֪
ħӪ׺ǰڵһս˭ս
𣬿׽߷ϵӣȣ
һԣĿ⿴Զ޼ӣüͷ壬ǰİţսһλʥһ˳սɣǰǵȥǵõħʵ⡣
ϣʿ·ٳûгֵħѡ֣üͷ
λħߣսԭʼħĪҪȨ𣿡
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ʮʱ
ۻʵʮʱڣᾳѡ񶨻׼ʱ֡
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ӪУҲӣȴ
ԭʼħڸʲô򲻴ˡ
Уסǳһͷ
Ҳڣ޼ֳٳٲϳ˵û⣬ɵӶšǧ
ǲװɣǳɵ
ҲҪĿŵףûôףǣԭʼħı֣ȷ˻ɡǧӦ

ǳʹ˻ԴⶼʲôʱˣҪʮʱˡ
ӣʼô֪꣬㼱ʲôǧ
֪
ǳĿ⿴Զ׽аĺӰεǸͷӣһҲôл˵ʮʱʮ꣬Ҳܵȥ
ԣվ↪¡ǧ䳰
𣿡
ǳԣ̴𣬵ŲСү̸ѡ
ǡ
ǧ䵭ĮһЦš
㣡
ǳҭؿֱۣһʱһ仰Ҳ˵
ԶĿʼעԶ֪Ƭ̲뿪
֮ôŬֻΪ֮˺ǣǵĵԽԽǿȻ㹻Ŭȴ޷ȫ֮ˡ
һΣԭʼħ֣νĴΣ֮ѣΣ嶼ܰܡ
ʱţһһʱȥӪУȴҲԽԽͷʮʱãֻǣȴʱ䣬Ե
ʱ佫һ̣ħӪϿգѿ񱩵ħӿӰ߳
סһع飬ڳÿ˵Ŀ⡣
øλõˡ
ƽ˵һ䣬Ųһ̤ǰֻȥ
׽磬߷ϣĿ⿴ǰֵӰһսҫĿ


1280 µһ
׽磬ɸ߷壬ħ֮ʣ֪ħӿս졣
һս϶ԾУڵ
߷ϣӰһħӿƿ졣
Ųأѳпħɸ߷¡¡𶯣ɽػ١
ħӪһλλǿ߸ܵħϢǿȣɫǱ仯
ԡ
ӪУǧ俪ڣҵϢ˿¡
⻹еϢȻߣҲˡ
ף
ǳ˫ȭ߬ҧгݵ
ϢʵΪ޷˵Υء
󷽣ǰɫ
ħ壬ΪⳡľֵʤȻ伫
һԣҹڣ棬թ̫͹ˡ
۱ɣ֪СӾȻ˱ˣǳˬ
δء
ǧ俴ǰ߷ϵĺˣɫƽǺʱ֪κκ·һ£Ļ˵λݵŮӣ֪δԹκ˵Ŀ
е
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š
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ԭʼħӪ˫עƬ̺󣬿ڵǣƺλʮӣûǰҡ
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֮䣬ɱħӿˣ飬б
֮Ϊ١
УΪ֪Ҿȵͬʱϸǿѹ¡

˫ƶԺħ𺳣սַֿһ˲һ̤Ϊ٣ƺӵ
Ϭʮʽ֣춯֮Ʊɫ
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ս⣬ɫԽԽأ֪Ȼѡ潻棬Ϊʲô
ҵΪռݾƣս֪ѳų̫á
Щʲô
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ҳ̶ֱƻʵսһħʴΪ벽ϢǿȣѲѷߡ
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սУǰӿĻħɫû̫⡣
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߷ϣͬʱڣħű֮˼䣬¡¡쳹׽٣޴ħεض
ħɫħȭ䣬׶Ƚ档
·˫ħͬħӿХ졣
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ʯУӰϽҡ
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ѪȾսˣͬʱܴѷ֡
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ԭ֮ϣĶ塣
ժ֣긡
սؼԪѧ޾Ԫϯء
Ϭʮʽٳ񷡣
һһٳһ˫ãƷתʱκˣû˼䡣
˫ǰδܣԻ磬ֲ֮ݿ
ǰһħ죬˫ƿϣ޾ĻħԪڶ̼䣬׹ɫ
ơ
δ֮УӦԽǿĵˣɷ֮ڻħУ죬򷨳١
Ŀ׽ڣӦײ
ž˲ϢļžһޱȿµĴը𣬿ֲನ׽Ȼ١
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׽ٺྡྷӣתۺֻء
ǿУನɢӰԻȾ죬ȻһϢȴǿˡ
ս⣬һλλֿǰ쳣
˫ħ¡
ǳѹвΣɫ


1281 ʤߣ֪
ǿգսң
֮սأ顣
ҵһս˫ħϽȾ죬һս⣬ȴɸ߰
ս⣬⾪һսȫעвڡ

ǿУҳһȣħԪ𣬹ף˼䡣
ǰŭУ
ժ֣գ
սٿ붯Ӱӳƶǳ
Ŀ䣬˫ħײƶԺ
䡢䣡
ȭ죬˫ħ档
ȭűƴ赭дʵϦ
ɨǿգ״̧ԪӲС
ȭȶԺθ˰벽ԪۣٶȽ档
¡¡𶯣ڶ߼䣬ȭƣХ羪ס

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ȻһɽӰɳɣѪ䡣

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֪ʼ֧ˡ
ħϢǿѿȻʵ֪ܼ𾪡
ħԪǿˣҵ嶨ȻҲܳóųֻ֣֪ҪܳŹѵʱ̣ʤ㡣³
¾֪ŲǸʱ򡣡ǧ
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˵䣬ɫ֪Ϊ֪ѡ˸ҵսǣʣһӣʤ
ǿϣ֪ӲһƣֵսֿʼбӰӹƼǿҪһǰ֡
񱩵ħԪӿǳʧɫħ󲻴档
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ǰ±仯Բתȱط˺ħ֮

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ɷ֮춯أɫ£ͬ߼ԪԪ˻ױڣ˻̶
ҫ۵ĺɫ׹⣬أ򷨾ޡ
һ̣ǿϣħӲ£ҵĳħ״ݻ£ǰȥ
ħŲ̤תӰöܿһһ
ֹޱȼң۹廹ս˼䶥
̫ǿˡ
ս⣬ип֣һսʵҵϢ
廹ħλ߽չֳԽսʵǿš
Ȼ·磬ʵ˼顣ǳ
ħԪֻλһħʲУ֪˵һħʵʵϹɾ֮£ҵõһħʵĴʵ޽ӽĻߡ
ǧɫص绹ϢǿȴѴﵽԽ˻ߣһսͲƽ
һԣȫעؿǰսĵȴʱ̵ĵ
ţ֮бؽˣλħһֱ˾˵Ϣǿȡ
Ϊ֪ʱԭʼħӪޡעǰսɫͬ쳣
Ȼ֪ʮʵˣǣ˻ħԪս˳̶ȣǳǵϡ
ҵҲҪ˳ųֵļޣսپʤԤϡü
ʮС
˶ѵ˼ޣܳų̫ãʮ֮ڣʤط֡
Ϊмʤ㣿
֮ǰ߳ʤ㣬֮ҵʤ㽫ἱ½аĿܡ侲
޵ͷҲΪħԪ̫Եҵ֧̫ãУȡʤûᡣ
Ŀһսؼʱ̣ǿϣħƣ쾪ز
˫ħһȭعһȭսƴؾʧɫ
ȭˮѪˮɽѵ˳ųֵļޣ־ԣΪµĿ顣
һССУصĴϢصڶߣʤƽٶȳб
ս⣬ɫصؿǰսʤʱֶܷ
ժ֣긡
ǿϣֵļħӿΪ춯֮۷塣
ɽ
й⻪ʢһħԪ죬δ֮䣬սʱ̣˼䡣
ʥֻɽɽ־֣ԷɽӲС
¡һԺǿĳ𵴣վ顣
ನɢ˰벽Ѫɽһħֲ֮ס
֣
岻֮ʣҴ߶־ӿѪƽȡ
磡
ʤʱҲٹ˼ĳӰӳ硣
𣡡
תһ˲ħ߽ƾĳ
ֻɽԭѾ޳ˡ
ħӪ濴ǰս֣һĨɫֻɽħؼֱֲַͬԵɽ伲磬֣һĹΪףһ޳ɣʻʵ
ǿգħƽ񱩳ңΣһ̣ħ˿ǧǧ򣬲ӣΪϣǰ
ʥ̥Էս˼䡣
ٶȽ棬¡¡𶯣쳹ನͬʱ졣
ݼţ˫⻪ʢһħԪעһƣսޣۻ
ժʽʽ
֮Уأ
ɽ
Ĺͬ߶ɽӲС
ҫ漴ʤͻȻսУһѪ籡Ⱦǿա
ͻı仯ڳˣӪһλλ߿ǰѪң¶𺳡
ʲô
һ˲֮ӰӹۻƥһƣȻӡħ
ѧʽɢ䣬һƣֱɢȥħһΪ

ʹƺħӿ˷ɢȥ


1282 
ǿգսһ֣ʤֶ
ؼʱ̣Ѫɽ
һ˲֮䣬Ӱӹ춯صһƣֱӴݻħ
ĵһĻħɢ룬ǧΪһ
ôܣ
ս⣬ҡ桢޵ɫ𺳣˭֪ž˺¡
ӪɫͬžȣսΪλͻȻת

һԣڣ³֡
ǳǧԣ¶ɫʲô
ϣսֶַһ̣ħĻɫ쳣û뵽ˡ
սУӰشң˳ս
壬ȹĿ࿴ˡ
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ϣλ߿سŵֹ
ǰͬΪ֮Ӧƽ
ʮꡣ
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䣬ĻΧӿ˲ϢĻӰȥգʧ
ǿϣޡ֮뿪ûжƬ̡
ĶǵĶľ֣ʤգ֣֮Ϊȡ˱ʮ
֮ף֮Ŀ⿴Զĺˣˡ
ǿڳħͷɫƣʮ֮ڣظٳ֣ĺƽͷάˡ
Ӧõġ
֮ףһսظ࣬ʮ꣬λúɡ
ظͷú֪Ϊףȥ
ϣҲ뿪ع񾳡
ǿȥսϣ𶯾þòֹ˫ʯ죬Ŀꡣ
ޱž޴ĺǼ䣬ظ
ʮǰһλλص߳ӭ
ʦ
ǰһѱסǰֱۣʵӮ𣿡
Ӯˡ
ƣЦЦӦ
ԣ¶ϲ֮ɫĵʦ
ʦˣʦȥ˰ɡ
һԣ
ŷӦæͷ
º¥ͬᣬ𽣬ҪˡԶλŮӣڵ
š
ͷˣŸԵȥ
ڵظ̻ص֮ʱظϿգħӿһױȵǿѹӶϢǿȣԽ˼һߣѰʵҲ
ظУδüиУ¶ȻĿ뿴ʡ
֮ϣħϯǿƥĻظġ
ǣ
ظηӿħߣ
ԭʼħѾŵֹʮ꣬Ϊλħ֣߳ѵħһ岻췣
ĿУϣһħӰħƣҫĿ
ǰˣɫһĲгֱۣһǰ
ʦ𣡡
֪̬еĹҵʦǰȻħҲ顣
սΪʦˣ
ӿħУĿڣο֮ɫ
ӣ⣬ǻԣУѧ츳ѲǾء
лʦޡӦ
ظʮǰлع񣬻һۣоɫڡ
֪ʦħλ˵ģ
󷽣ǰħʣƯСɫʦʦ
ǰתѾͷڵʦ档
ԣǰһ񣬵ͽʦ档
ϣĿǰѾͷ¶º֮ɫ͵ĺӣʦΪû¹򡣡
̧ͷ˿ߵʦֵͷ
̧֣ħԪӿһȻƥԴԴûǰѾͷڡ
ħԪ壬һ˫պϣרں⾫
Ƭ̺У֣΢Цܸܵڻʥ֮ЩħԴκθԣڵͻʧȥǣʦļ񡣡
лʦ档
Ϣ˫ۣСϲЦտ
ڵǰһλλ߿һĻ˵Ρ
ѾͷǿųɳĲ˵㲻κ˿Աġ
ﱾԴ˱ԴħʵħԴѰߵõһֱ㲻ˣѾͷһ˱֡
˱ˣ˰
عǰǳ૵
ϣĿɨظڵǰһλλߣ΢΢ף
ڵǰظܵǰħߵĿ⣬ʶһλħʸǵѹȸ̫ǿˣȴǰκһλħ߶ǿ
ħĴ˵𣬹Ȼӵд˵ʵ
վ棬ûκλᡣ
ʦˣջĿ⣬ƽ
ʮˡʵ
ô𣿡
ɣ֮ɫħӿûǰڣѹơ
չеʦ֤ڵΪ
ƽһ˿ڴ˼ƽʦ͵ӣҪ֤ӵĳɳ
ǣ
ħУͷӦ
һ̣ظʮǰħʢɷΧԳһС硣
ʦͽ֮սһΪѹƣ޵УһƽԽɣ䲢Ψһ
ɷΧӿħѹһдսȫʩΪսңҫħ
һССʤʵһս̣֮ȥ룬ŵЩĳɳ
ʮк̧֣ħӿȻ½֮ƽˡ
ԣħ潥Ϩе˫Ҳָƽ
ڵʵԻʵǿߣҲȫûл֮һеǰᶼǣ֮˲λֳɫ
һħ𣿡
ɫ΢λħȷû뵽ʲôõӦ֮
ԵʵǰپƶȻʧɫһħʵΪǰʱӡʱӦòΪ
ˣ뿪̫ãʱȥˣħս᲻֣Ҳ壬һֻܿԼŬˡ
䣬ϣħӿӰ黯תۺʧ
ʦ𡣡

ħ뿪ؼǿɢȥʮǰظһλħʵ̫ˡ
ǰֱƬ̺תȥ

δ֪ؽ磬ŭХ죬УһĨٻӰѣѲ֪á
ŮݽΣ˫徻ˮȥޱȸɾ뿪Ѿõİ
ҳȥˡ
ԶΣ߳ǰأƲƲ죬૵
ظڱչ˵ͻȻ˫ۣĿ⿴Զм¶ڡ
ǰ
˿飬ȥ
ԶıУиУĿ⿴ʵ£
ںҡ


1283 ħ
ǿգӰ۶ĸӦԽ
䣬˯֪ΨʣħԿΡ
·գδ֪ؽ磬Ӱͣ£Ŀ⿴ǰĴǣɫ
֣ôֵط
ǰ޴ǳǿռ䣬Ŀκ·ĩٵ磬һ
ǿϣƬ̣Ӱǰȥ
Ϣ֮ϣħӿ

һԨ⻪Σܳ£򣬼ͱѣҲں
֪һź
ϣԫϱڵǣµʴһƬǽ塣
磬ȥһûŵľҲȡӶѹֵĻܡ
ڲԫϱڼ䣬ʶţѰŰټ
ܸоŴϣǣ巽λȴ޷֪
ʮƬ̲ͣѰ˽һգѰټ
вգħӿһڹƵƾճ֡
սһأ쳹ء
һ¡¡ϣһ˵Ѻ۳֣ݺӣһΪ
ȻǽҪ֮ʱһɿµǿе½סϱٵĴǡ
ҵˡ
иУɫ΢Ŀ⿴ŴѺ·һԾŵȥ
ػӿǧǧɵĵػһƵģǿֳҡ
ʱӿĵػϿգӰһħƣս
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صʯţ˿Σù
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䣡
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䣡
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䣡
䣡
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ʱػУ̶һʯϣžһ죬ʯӦ顣
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ʶţ䱸ΧһпֵܳΣգС磬Ҳǻʵϵǿ߲ܿ٣Դ룬κ鶼֡
ৣ
ʱΧؼ䣬һƿնףʼա
״ɫ΢Ųһ̤С
ǧ򣬻Ϊһ޴ĽֱӽУð벽ǰ
ڣΧ򽣣ɫ
벻гһգᱻסŲ
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¡һ򽣣ҵ򽣱ɣ˲ϢٶȻָһ⼲ۣǿƷ˶
̤˲ܿһһصĽ⣬ͬʱйתƣ

ʮһ
һʮһƿն̺򽣶򽣣ײ
ﬣﬣﬣ
򽣽棬ײУ򽣱ٺ̸ԭ޾ɱˡ

ʮ
ʮһ価ʮӦ֣Խޣ֮ʵĽֱһն򽣣
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ܵԶ˵ĽԽԽ
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֮󣬻콫̳֣Ȼ֪֮а衣
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̫ˡ
ؼ䣬̾˲ɣ˳ء
̧ͣͷʱõķƣɫ¡
ʲô֣
ɣʵ



ɣһ䣬ʧ㲻Ҳԣˡ
ǰðֻһѱڴˣϣǰ̧ܸ֣ƽ
ѣ˵ǸŮ𣿡
ɣ˵סĲᣬˣˡ
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ɣӦ
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᣿
ɣһ̾ɾһȥˣ֪Ƿ˼ǵá
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ɫһĸµһɾ
ôܣУɾϹʱս䣬Ϊλ
ɾţˣǹȥ£ҪˣȥɣǸŮޱڽûΣա
˵֮꣬ϣɢȥɾҲ֮ʧҲû˵һ仰
СУǿѹвǰȥ
ɾô꣬⻹״νӴĴɽɾĴڡ
ɾɽɾ֮ףʵɲ⣬Ҫһħ֮ϣ벻
ֻǣɾǾ֮Ǻ˼
Ϲħ̽Ϲɾ˼ħɾ˭ǿأ
˼Ƭ̣ǿѹвǰȥ
ЩûãҪǾѰȳ
𣡡
ǰаؼ䣬仯֣¡¡𶯣ʯ˰εض
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ʯ˵·Ųٴͣ£Ŀ⿴ΧʯˣԽҡ
ûûˣϹħС磬ʵ鷳ء


1284 ̽
ħأѲ֪ʱա
ΣĽأÿһǧ衣
ǰжʱΣ֣ʯ˰εض𣬾޾£ʶ
ͣΧʯˣ¡
ֻطâ𣬹ʥѹϯ
𣡡
ʯŭ𣬾ȭ䣬ǰ֪
Ͽա
ȭӽ޴Ľնգָء
¡һȭײɽӦɢӿನУգ躮â
âҫǰУ̤
ؾʽޣ
ͬ⻪գֱնһʯˡ
ȱһΧ֮Ʊƣθ켸֣ûսս֡
⣬Ӱ£δϢΧٶȱ仯
ϯУһĴ֣Զĵط
Ψһǰ·ѡüΧϯĻ棬ɫԽ䱸
ﴦ͸¶Ź죬ϹħС磬»иΣա
Ѿͷôᱻ
˼Ƭ̣ûٵ飬Ӱӳǰȥ
ʮ֪˶ãǰһʯٴγ֣ȻһΣʯűͨ
ͣĿ⿴ʯۣ֮ΨлһƬκζ
󷽣·ûκ·ΨǰУһ
ԥãʯţӰʧ
֪ʯ֮ʯΧϯһС
ûѽ
صԭأĿⲻʱԶȴ˼е
޾ʱ⣬ʯ֮ǰħϢ״γ֣ضǿ
δʶ˷·Уÿһ֡
̧֣ħӿΧ
ͻȻΧħϢʼӿߡ
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Ȼ
״ֹͣħóȻԡ
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ʱУս쳹ء
ǰǧǧħӰ֣ɱһǿħͷ̤أΧһλλǿ߳ɱħ
˵Ĵսֺ룬λǿһһǿħԿħʧɫ
УǰսɫԽ𾪡
Щħ壬Ҳħ壬ÿһħк쳾ʵͻ߾ͬǿļħԽ˻߾Ϲɾ
ǿǿ𺳣ͬΧǿħ˷ǿ೬Խ˻ߣÿһλϹɾʵ
𣡡
λϹɾģ޴ħ˻𣬾ȭ䣬ǿնҡ
֮սɱսҹһƬƬǿձ򴩣ǳһսб٣ʯ죬ڴսನлΪҳ
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һҵĴսʮλϹɾսλλɾҲشûһá
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Ǵ˵еħ壬ȻħҲɱ
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Χһħߣ·ֿɼ
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ӷһսɾӦϹǰڵĴսֵʢǿԿħ
ңǸʱжɽ֮λԵǿ򣬼ħҲ׷ѡ
ǲ֪λ߸ϵ߾֮ħУĴڡ
ڤԶԶκǿߣѲΪǿԺǴԪĲ࣬ڤڵάȣѳԽļޡ
֮ܽڤߣΪڤ˼壬ĳ̶ֳ˵ѽԼͬһ߶ȡ
Ҳ޵С
˼䣬߹С磬ǰħϢԽأΪʵʡ
ͻȻСУٶȷ仯ض·𶳽
üͷ壬ʶɨΧأԽ
ˡˡˣ
ΧУսĵȴЩͬǰ΢ֵͳ
ǰȳ֣ѣͷ
УüͷԽԽ
ʱ󣬾Ⱦͷһ޴ѪӳѪУѪˮѾɺԣѪɿɼȴɢȥе
ѪǰƬ̣Ųһ̤ǰȥ
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ħϢħԪͻȻһͣɽֱӳѪ·׹ȥ
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޴ĳѪӿһʱ䣬һһĨѪ¡
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ǧɵľ룬ѲԶеرڣһ㳯ȥ
ʱѪϣûжͣǰ·
ܸоѾԶܾܿڸˡ
ħһֱĵȴİҲܵԶϢɫԽڴ
Χأȥ·
Сڵ𣿡
ʱУصƽ
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̽
ص𣬵ⷽСˡ
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Ტû㣬ⷽСס㡣̽п
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һ
̽͵̫ãⷽСѲԿơ
ǰָҳȥ𣿡¶֮ɫ
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̽ףȰǸ
ҡͷУҪһߡ
ûָ֮˭ܳȥֻҪȰ뿪̽˵
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ƲԳԷơ
̽ߣûٶ˵Ϣʧա
ҪСˡ
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֪پ⣬иУһ
ˡ
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̽ǰ
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ԡ
̽Ӧǣ¡


1285 
λ뿪ԣǣ¡
ħأϹħ̽𣬴С硣
ͣϷգԨһĨɫ
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ĹԶ֡
һ̣ϣһž޴׳֣
ϹħԷ࣬һֻ̽£ץ·֪
Ϊʲô⣬ȴЩõֶΡ
ʱУһһ̣콣ֱ
֪֣Ųһ̤ʡ
̫һ
£豹棬ϣӽ򵥵һֱնħֱۡ
ٵħ壬Ϊâɢؼ䣬Ӱδһȥ
֮ϣħŤ쳣

ħŭһŭ𣬿ֲѹٽ£â֮Ѹٱٿ
ϣ⼲۶ϣٶԽԽ죬һ򷨣ħֹ
תۺ󣬺¡һ̫һ֮أħӦ飬ɢؼ䡣
Χ֮ȥٶ谵
Ӱ˫Ųڴϣǰȥ
ˡˡˣ
ͻȻΧؼ䣬ս޶𣬵ͳ΢粻ϸܣ޷
̫Ϥˡ
ǣô֡
ѵһϹħû
ֻ߾̽
˼Ƭ̣Ӱٳǰȥ
Ȼ벻ףǰȥһ̽ǡ
谵СУٶԽԽ죬Χأ¶Ȳߣ
ˡˡˣ
ԽԽһսģ֪С
ͬһƵʵ˸еѹ쳣ǿѹеĲʣǰжȥ
ʱǰ·Ĳڳ֣ΪһͨԶ
ĴԣϯȵϮܡ
˲֪µĻ棬ʼûϨļӰӹ˲Ϣʧڴͷ
֪˶ãǰų֣ͬǰų澰ԾȻǰ
谵Уһž޴֣һһš
ǰĿעǰ޴ħ࣬ɫ
Ϣ˿ԭʼħλħѵ˼Ļħ
۲ãǰħ࣬ÿһ쳣
𣡡
ʱħǰ޺죬޴޳֣룬ȴֲͬ
ɫޣۼ׸з񣬴Ŀ쳣
״˫ֵâ֣ɱһš
һ޶ӣƬ̺ӳצѿգߡ
ɫһ䣬˫ޣײʯצˣ浲񵶹
ţ
üħħԪϯ˫ޡ
һ̣ΧأħϢǿѹ֪塣
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̤λöܿ⡣
⣬ͣ£Ŀ⿴Ϲ޺ħ࣬ɫԽ䡣
ħδϹػһµ顣
Ϲʱħǿߵɱħ岢ôѺãһħţʵʲôϢ
˼ˣɱ𣬼Ȼħе⣬ǻǡ
η壬ħǷĵ壬ȥġ
ħ͸һЩħ顣
磬նݳ
ؾʽޣ
˼Ѷһȣ䣬붯ݡ
ǰϹиУ̵ħǰԪ赲С
⽣ӰնϺź¡һϹȫɳȥѪȾ콹
ྡྷħϹ⻪𣬾մսನ
ǰħǰͣ
ˡˡˣ
ħ࣬ʮ΢Ȼ̺֮ħȴǾˣ˲
վħǰ۲죬йâԽԽҫۣúһն£ħ֮ġ
ʱΧأƱ仯һѪӰƾն֣һ̳֡

ħأ̽ʱʮأ־ͨ
ɲǼ䣬ΧᣬΪס֪֮
ᣬһ̫ã
̽ǰǿߣһĨˣڵᡣ
УĿϵϹħƽ֪뷽跨סңҪʲô
Ҫ꣬еһжΪ̽ãΪḴļƷ
̽ЦΣӦ


1286 
ħ޴ħ֮ǰ̽Դͨס֪
᲻ƣ粽С
ϣ̽ħϢӿȻֻһ˿ʶǿ𾪡
ڣؿϵ̽ɫû̫仯
ǰħ֮ĲǿϢתе֪
ȴʮأڵȵҪ壬̽ɫȣڼϹħҲԱƽ
ԭѾˡ
Ŀ⿴ǰħ࣬ڣҫ۵Ľ⣬谵С硣
֮쾪ر䣬¡¡𶯣Ѹٷֱ
ʲô
ϣ̽״ɫһ䣬ħϢӿҪֹǰ
˵ڵ㣬סҡ
һһ羪γ죬⣬ֱ
֪Ӱ˲ӳһնʯ쾪
ϣ̧֣̽ϯΪϣǰ
¡һƷƣδֹǰȥ
һ̣ħ֮ľ˼£̽Ӱƾʧٶȳ֣ʮ֮⡣
һĻ⣬һħ֮ģ΢΢
ˡ
ʮ⣬̽ȣӰӳ£𺳡
ƽӽƽһնߡ
ǿҵΣϮ̽ɫһ䣬ˡ
ʮ⣬̽Ӱͣ£ǰֱӱնռϯΧһС
󷽣ħ֮ٶȾ˼Σ̽ţɨ˿ѸȬָ
Ȼˡ
״ȻĿ⿴ħ֮ģһĨ
̽ԴȻ࣬̽Ȼٵħ֮ġ
ͷûԥӰ˲ӽնħ֮ġ
˵һƸʤǰ
Զ̽ɫٶȱ仯һ̤Ӱ˲ʧ
תۺħ֮ǰ֣̽һȭӲ
䣡
ħֲĴ̽һ𣬳ֱ֮ס
һ̣ħ֮ϢʢԴԴûǰڡ
ħ֮壬̽Ѹ£ָ
֮
ЦŲһ̤Ӱ籼׼۶
躮ڷâӣء
̽ȣ˫۽ħϢΪϣǰ
ն䣬ħӦ飬ͬһʱ䣬ƿգ顣
һ壬ħϢӿ̽ŤȻʵ壬ܵǵʹࡣ
Ȼһ̽ɢʮ⣬ħϢۣٶΡ
Ŀ⣬Ƕ޿־壬̽ϹħȻ䵽Լգ΢ֿ
ħ֮ǰйն£ڰһȻħϡ
նһ¡¡쳹С磬ħϣһݵĿֲϢӿֿ߽⡣
Զ̽һĻɫ䣬Ҳ񣬲ٹ˼̫࣬ǿг赲ǰƻԼࡣ
Ͽա
ӽһնգ̽ͬʱ躮ն䣬ȫһٶħϡ
¡¡ٶħ֮ҡϢɢֱ֮ס
ס֡
̽״ԽԽ־壬ûб߲ġ
ԣ躮ڶ£ĿĮؿǰϹħھͷ
̽ɫ˱仯̧СУر仯ȼǧǧĻ潥ˡ
յİǰֵĴƯС¶ϲɫ

뿪
ʱСУ𣬻ص
ɫ΢أ
ȥ󣬻صظңǶҺܿȥ
ϣٶ𣬻Ӧ
ͷ֪ˣСһ㡣
˵꣬ûٶʣǰͷȥ
СУħǰܵԶȥϢ˫ñ
ѷ뿪ס˰ɣ
ʮ֮⣬̽
뿪ұˡ
Ӧһ䣬ɱڣҿרĽˡ
̽ԣɫһ䣬㲻ã
ã
ЦҺʱӦҪŹˣ˲ҲˣԼֲñˡ
䣬ħӿһؽڣ˼ɲ٣ȫۡ
ǿƥĽϳΧС磬̧֡ӽһ졣
ӽʵף֪֮ݲɷ֮
ɶ࣬һͬµɣ
̽ŭӰӳûħ֮Уһ̣ħ֮ľǶҡ
ħԻ٣ϣػӿĩ֮Ŵǡ
ǿϣиУӰͣ£׿ź󷽽бٵĴǣɫڡ
뿪Ҳ¡
һ̣ϣ֪𣬵
š
ԣص˵ͷٶתԶȥ
бٵСУǰϢ񱩵ħ֮ģһȣħӿûħ֮ġ
ħϢңǿֱŰɣѪ£ѳֲħ֮
ҡ
ڣڳ˯ķ
Σǰؼ䣬һ춯صķڣһȣһ䡣
У߳裬һѪ죬һīڣĿ쳣
Ҫʲôڣʵ
帴
ħ֮ģӵ㹻ǿֻҪضܹ
ⲻƬ̺󣬵ͷӦã㣡
䣬ܣϯʮأǿƥħѹħ֮ġ
˫֣ħϢУ֣õӰʱֻصĿܡ
ȣ
һȣ˫ͬģħԴӿǿƶ壬ûħ֮С
˫ħ֮ʱ磬ǽб٣ػӣұա
պ󣬵ظУиУӭ
㡣
ǰӭŮӣһţ
á
Ӧһ䣬ǰǰѾͷԴ𣿡
ȻϵڣӦ
صģûô׳£ңȻû£˵Ҳû¡΢Ц
š
ͷӦ
ߣҽ˵һ˵ЩӶʲô
ǰѾͷֱۣתȥ
ع飬ظУλһֱǣҵķ¼֣ר
ʱ䣬ֻʮ꣬ʮ꣬Ǳһ¥δսظҴ档
޳𽿴ԶӰһĨǡ
ûһ
ˣ
޳ڣ¥ʵ
ع΢ţҡͷǡ
ļɡ
¥Ҳûеƣ֪ħ࣬ô׳¡


1287 
ħأٵС磬ʯƮ㣬ĩ֮ġ
޴ħ֮ǰ֪˫֣
ĿС磬ħ˫ѹħ֮ıٵͬʱǿתע뱾֮С
ǣ
ħ֮ڣ̽ĲҽͬھĿıƻֻϰᣬ˿Ϊ
˫֣ħѺޱǿܣǿ컯֮һһܱ
˵ľѳɳɺħӹɵǿ󣬽񳯾ԡ
ǷŹᣡ
ħ֮ڣ̽ĲҽԽԽĵͨ޵еͨ
Ҫˡ
ħڣͨҸҪɴһĲлȥظ֮Ужȡĸ֣ͨһҲ˷ѡ
㣡
̽Һɵ࣬ǵıȶǻҪ̰
˴˱˴ˣ
ħ˵һ䣬ħӿˣħǿ֡

ħ֮ڣĲҽٶһһëȻ
ͬһʱ䣬ħУϻۣԴԴû뱾֮ڡ
õ壬ʵݰܵѪħ֮ĵ£ٶȵȼҫĿ¯
Сڣʱţħ֮ģռѸ߽⣬ʯ׹䣬δ˫㱻ǿķħϢʳɻҳ
˫帴֮ʱ磬ǳױ٣ԶԶȥ·һ޴ħǿУġ
ħûͷ­ϹʱѳȥȻħȴ޾нգдʶѰڴԼһա
Ȼħû뵽ǣгһգԼҲԸͽ˵ļ¡
ʱһһչȥ֪ħСѲ֪˶ã·ħ⣬׻ΪɢǿС
ħСڣħ˫Χռ伸ٴֻߴ֮أС
ǰħ֮ԽԽеȫע뱾֮Уħٲ
䣡
ʱǿ֮ϣֲϢ٣ƿǧٿ׵С磬ħ֮ĺȥ

ħ״ɫ΢ȵ
ס
ԶףӰħ֮Ͽա
ȣ
׽ٽ٣һȣΧ
ףɼײСѸ߽⣬ѡ
ħ֮ǰֵסٵʱ̣ħħƣսӳ֣һޡ
ħ֮ڣԽǿʢɺԵԴգħ֮
䣡
ңԶǿϣһһؽ䣬Զŭߡ
·֣սһ̣ӿ
һնǿӦѣ֮Ȼɢ
춯֮ܣ죬ǿ֮ףԽٰ֡
ȣ
帴ڼħ֮ǰħһȣƥħӿħ֮ע뱾֮С
һ̣֮ϣٱ䣬Уһ޴ԻϢת϶ֺء
ų֣·״ɫ¡
鷳ˡ
ѹţѶԸĴ١
䣡
֮ϣŻ䣬ɲǼ䣬һݵĿֲѹ٣ǿնҡ
֮£Ѻ۳֣ѪȾ
µĴ٣ѹһа춯صǿԳܡ
ħ
ѵųƬ̣ںȵ
ħ֮ǰħ״Ӱ֮ͬϡ
Ŵ٣Ϊ壬ħ˫ʩΪǿ
䣡
֮ϣϢתϵط򣬴ӹѹħ

콣
˫֣һ죬䣬ӳǳ޴ĽӲš
¡¡⡢ײŷѹ£٣ֵһϢ㳹׻ȥ
žԵֵ˫ٴߣ̫Ͻ䣬Ӧ
ͬ׹ħǧ̫Ͻ
˫֣죬ֻǿռ䣬ѹ޾Ľ˻ķ۶
ħ١
һ̣ǿϣһֻ޴Ľ˳֣ͨڣħӿ羪Ρ
ǿĺУӦǿ٣˳죬Ȼײš
¶Լ£֮֮ǿײǿӦݡ
·ǿУɣ˫ͬʱ죬ܴ
䡢䣬һһεײˡϳϢ֮ϣϵϵĽ˺Ȼ飬ɢ

˱٣·ħ˫һƺߣȻģش
ǿǿԵֵ֮ǿ档
𣿡
УϹʱĵӰ֣һŽĸֶֻһӰ񷶼ҡ
ڡ
ǰһλź£òĵŮҡͷѵ
ش𣬶һֻ̾ӹǰŮӡ
ϹŵӰģǿϣɽ֮ʵ𣿡
ϵʣǿлصˣʡ
ڣ
·ħ֮ڣϤ𣬻ش
ϣħ˫иУĿ⿴·ɫ΢
壬ˣ
ôô죡
˫ĿУħ֮Ļޱǿǿÿһ䡣
ˡ
ħ֮ڣ㽻Ұɡ
ţ
帴գƻδȫԭķӦһ䣬Ӱɢȥûħڡ
֮٣ҪһЩʱȣ˼֮£ֻܼ鷳ˡǿУص
ס
ԶħͷɫĮģǰһ߾ܰס˼䡣
л
忪Ӧ
Ѱﲻ㣬һ
ħϵľ޴ţƽ˵һ䣬תȥ
ħڸˡ
󷽣
ħԣ΢΢ٲҸϣܸħ
˵꣬ħûٶԣǰȥ
ħ뿪ǿϣѹԽԽˣ׹£ѹһط
ħУһ
֮ϣһһغ£Ȼδħ֮ϣ㱻֪屬ɢ
Žǿ١˼һˣµĶԾײһʱ䣬طУʱⶼֵļ
Զħͣ½Ųǰ˵ĶԾ˫һĨ
˴αȴǰǿˣ֪һǰ
Ϊһ壬Ҳ֣֮˴ʵҲټȥʱ취ʵˡ
˼ˣħĿ⿴Զԭʼħɫ¡
ħ磬ʵٻȥõѡ
ƽʱֻʮ꣬ȥ˷ѵʱ䣬ʱѾˡ
˼ˣħûٶൢ飬ӰԶͨķȥ
˵ħħ;·Լߣ


1288 Ϊ
ͨǰħ߳ûκԥֱûС
ʱأ֪ٶȽԭʼħΪʵη塣
պԭʼħħ֮أǧħĵؽ磬ֱ֮ӻɱĹصػߡ
ˡ
˦ȥѪǰȥ
󷽣ХǧħɳʳǰսĴĹػߡ
ĿĵһĻһλħϢ֮㱻ɴʬû¡
Ĺͣ½ŲĿ⿴ǰһĹһĨɫ
ȥʮĹƬĹصħԴ̶̶١ɫ
лˣ
ĹУǧħӦԷֿԶǧٴĹȥ
ĹʮĹǰħӿǿޱȵֱӺ俪ʮĹ
ĹУʮħڹľڣǰ۰һ࣬˯ѡ
ʮħڣѪѾݰܣΨȵħԴɱá
ȣ
һȣΧħɢֱûʮħǿжȡʮħħԴ
δ޾ħǿʮħԴ̣֮ħԴɢؼ䣬ɵЧʲɡ
ȻбױʮħԴ壬ֻһм븺ȫδõıԴһͬɢ֮䡣
ûãʮħڣħԴȫɺԣΧؼ䣬񱩵ħӿʮħ󲿷ɢ룬ѳУҡ
ĹǧħиУ̷ɻأûС
չᦣĹȥ
ħ뿪ãħ֮ǰλǿǰƻǧٿ׵ĴĹɫ価𾪡
̽λħʡ
һλħڣ
ǣ
󷽣һλħ̶ʳǷȥ
ħ֮ر٣еħԴᣬǴδй֮£ȻħǣҲȷŭ顣
ħʳǣʵǰһħμλħʡ
䣬ʵǰħӿħ߳ϵ𣬵£
ħʣڲǰħ֮ر٣еħԴᣬҲ֪ħʵش
ʵǰһλħԣɫһ
д£д
ʹ
һħʿڵ
ڣ
ǧʯ£ʹ
˵£Ҫʱ̣׼е֡
һħʳ˵һ䣬ֻӹһöɫħ֣ǰ
ǣ
ʹֽӹħתȥ
ֳΪǺΪ
ʵǰħʴʵ
ûͷħ֮ħˣЩħȻѾȥǣڱԴȫɢΪãȷһС鷳һħӦ
ӣʵܴħ֮صˣ࣬ȴҲ٣Ҫҵˣ̫סħ
ް
һħ˼ȻֹһΣпֵܻڶΣֻҪκ˿ܽҳ
ħʵͷ֮ħ֮жȻвС֮Ҫ£ҪطֻҪѰˣɱ⣡
ԭʼħϷ򣬽ǽֱ֪Ͻħ꣬һ֧
˵ľϿգħǧħХġ
ǧħģħһħӿûʬ

ʱУһǿһλŽɫ⻪ħ֣Ϣ֮䣬
ǿޱȵһƣɽ֣ء
ڣħиУһƣӭȥ
¡˫֣쾪ر䣬սȫ
ԤϵŮħǿĽԪ
ؼ䣬ǧħ̻ع飬Ҵ˫â
ʮ̫ӣ
ݣ¶ŭɫƸԪ顣
˵ǿߣչ־Ϊ춯أԼ䣬Ǻѷɫƹµ޼ҡ
ħһȻԻ
Ӳһƣսַֿǰɫص
λʵʵԤϣ˾ʵԸƫһ磬Ů
ԩ޳ʮ̫ӣ̫
ŭڣһħʤԪٶϡ
ٻˡ
Ըսһ̤Ӱٳȥת֮䣬ʧ
߲ˣ
УǰԶȥıӰŭ֣Ӱӳ׷ȥ
գһ׷һ𣬷򲻶ϱ仯Խԭʼħ򣬲ͣƬ̡
ʱ䣬֮أٶħ꣬걻俪ȴߵıԴǿаᡣ
ħΪѸԭʼħŭǿ߳ɱħһĸ󻼡
ʮӣֻˣħأħʳ
ȻƣǱԶԭʼħһħ
λʵˣǳȵԤϣī죬ͽɱʮӵκνڴŮħʽ
ԡ
һħʵͷҪʱ򣬿ԸһЩ
ס
ħףӦ
ԭʼħϷ׷ɱգսߣʱ䣬ħ׷ɱԽԽ࣬ǰδеľԭʼħ
պذΧУɱһѪ·жȥ
ʮλߣһλ۷ĽΧɱգȴδסսȫ֪ħ
ԭʼħʱ½ʥģ̳ϣ嵱ľĿ⿴ңԶԭʼħǻ۵һĨɫ
ʮ̫ӣֻˡ
ӵѪ¹սһλʮ̫ӱһһ𾪣һ֮ԭʼħʵ˼
ʡ
̳ǰ׺󹧾񣬵
ˡ
Ŀڣƽѡ񣬵һڶħһɱӣѡ᲻档
׺ԣ΢Ŀ⿴ǰ׻ʣо֮ɫ
׻ʴ˻Ϊ⣿
ȥɡ
Ļֵ
ǡ
׺󹧾һתȥ
̳ϣһ̾ԭʼħսΣδܿδ·һΣҲˡ
ԭʼħ򱱽ޱߵĻԭϣ¸գһһɱΧǰʮ״ͣϢ
µʱ䣬̤ħ򣬺俪˲֪Ĺжһ˿ƣĿעǰһʱ䣬ʧ
ʱԶ׺ɫӣԥ
ǰع񣬿ҹɫŮӣƽɱ𣿡
ûá
׺Ӧһ䣬ߵǰòʮƽΪʲôֻˣ
ʮ̫꣬ˡ
ùһɲУ꣬жܣҲΪУвңͬ顣


1289 ٻħʳ
ҹޱ޼ʵĻԭϣڰ˼䡣
ǰӰӶ̸ʱ
𣿡
һǰŮӣƽǵѣȫڹһ֮䡣
׺Ĭú̧ͷԶħƣڵ߰ɣǿҪ׷ˡ
ԣ΢΢𣬵δ֮սϣܹսս飬һս˿顣
ס
׺ͷ
ڡ
һ䣬ûٶתȥ
ħ뿪ãԶ֮ϣħѹħУҫĿһλŽŮӴŮӢ˱ˡ
ǰ׺󾲾Ŀ⿴ŴĽƽɫûκβ
أڵ
뿪ˣ׺󵭵
Ϊûסɫ£
׷ôãס׺ɫƽ
ԣɫ£ֽգֱ߬졣
Ƭ̺󣬽ǿѹзŭɫƽؿһǰŮӣȥ
ǰ׺ߵһ֦УĿ⿴ǰĻ棬һ̾
֪ԼѡǶԻǴֻ֪ϲսԭʼħֳԡ
ã׺ϨǰĬĬתȥ
ޱ߻ҰϣӰӹ׷ʮ̫ӵټȥ
ԶǰУƲÿһ̤˲Ϣǧ⡣
ͬʱħһλλħߴ˷ٴγɺΧ֮ơ
콫ʱԶԽԽħƣüͷ΢΢
׷ˣǿ졣
˷ΧħÿһλΪ֮ϣƼΪˡ
ͣƬ̣ı䷽򣬳Ϸȥ
ˣ
ϱߣλܵǰ۶ǿϢɫ£ȫ䱸
⣬Ӱӹգħӿƾն֣âˡ
̽һأĳ£ֻһ貵Ľƿգֱնǰħ
˲Ϣ󣬰֮⣬˽֮ͬǰδ
ħʩΪӲС
¡һ⺳ħ춯صĴħѵɳ
һ˲֮Ӱϣɶ顣
ħģһħӺݺһλס
ǿƵһ籼뺣ؾαڶȻա

ನħһƺߣӰٶȷɳ
Ͽգ
֮󣬵ٳ׷£Ƹʤ
¡ӹħԵֵӦըѪǷ졣
һħսħȱڣӰѾԶȥ
ˣ
ħǰԶȥıӰɫѿ쳣
ʱ󷽣ǰǧٿ׵սɱ쳣
ӵƻ쳣ôֶץס
ħأʹǰħ߾ѹ纣ס
ʧˣ
ħüôħһλ۷ĽȻס
λͳɡһħʵ
ǣ
ʹԣɫһ
ͳīԶ죬ħʳǵǿսֻʣλͳ죬񣬾ЩҲҪˡ
ʱħʳǣħ֣λͳжȥ
λͳãħʳǰһλºڷӰϤݽ仯Ƭ̺󣬳׸ı䡣
ʱأ֪ٶȻعʳǣֻǣһΣȴǲԭʼħݡ
ʳڣһû̫仯ڽֵϣ˫κβ
ʳڣһ䣬ħȨơ
ħ崫ʮأʷԶѲɲ飬ʳ֮Уֲ۷ӣӵлѪǸһ˭Ϸ˭
ڶУоΪħλɻʣսλʣһλ棬ս⣬δ
ۡϵº˻ѾȬȻȥȴ޲
µһƣ뷲޼ȴǿ⣬һ˿
飡
ۡڣαվУŭڣʧȥĴոһĥŵǿߡ
⣬е˹ڵϣŵɫףûһ˸˵仰
Դ䣬ñֹ壬˿־塣
µһƣԭһλ־˲һˡ
ʱ֮⣬ºڷӰһһȣòİ˫ȴϤ
ڣɫһƬ̺󣬻ع¶ŭ
㣡


1290 
ħʳǣۡõòɱڡ
Ƭ̲죬̲µݣɫ仯
㣡ɫ£
òʦ
˵һ䣬գԻ𵴡
ʱ䱦󣬲Ƭ̵飬ɱ¶
Ҽ״ˣ֮ܿ
٣ǿǿ̤ȭ̩ɽһȭǿƻС
ߣԪۻƥһƣӭϡ
ȭƽ棬츲㣬ǿྡྷХ
һн棬УΪʧֻսܵҽ졣
һռţ˲ǰƿգ
콣ɱк˲䣬ٶȼ졣
޴Ķһλλǿ߼
Ͽգ
λڣӽһ
˵ĽֱնգԮ
˵˲䣬ڣԪһƺɱħ
һ˲ұѪȾս¡
ʽʽɱУ飬⣬λٳҪΣ
ڣ£תƣ졣

ʮһ
һʮһ籡֮У˼䡣
ɫ΢䣬ʩΪӲС
¡¡쳹أ괩жͬʱܴ졣
ǿĴ֪ħħʮӣ־Ϊһ壬ȫѹơ
ܴԮֲһ̣һѿסʺħ˲סѨ
ĿĴɣսһնҪ뿪
ʱ֮ϣƱãһǿƥѹϯ𺳣ڱʳǡ
ʮӣôĵӣ
֮ϣħʵһ̣һֻƴֲɢ
·״ɫ£ħ漱ڣս
Ϭʮʽ١
ս߶¾ʽ֮УηӿħԪ졣
ǿһƣӭϣԻߣ˿˰벽
¡ңɫֲྡྷ𵴣Ȼݣѵɡ
˽ʱ̣ľؿŵӵĹ⻪
ĵĵӣѾʵˡ
һƹһ̤˵ҼԶȥ
ʳУӰӹһ¹⻪תڱμϢ
֮ϣħܲڶعħԽˡ
ʱӰʳǣٳŶȥ
䣡
һ̣ʣħɾƺ俪أֱ¡

ʮ
޼֮һ죬貶Ŀ
ħƽ٣սڣȫһٵ
潻棬зɣҵĴƬ˲
ƵನУӰӳԶȥ
ħأħעŶɫѿ쳣
һˣλʮӵʵԽˣ񣬾С
ðմʳǣֻΪץ𣿡ħ
ӻѪħĸʮðճ֣֡һħƽ
ӵĵӣʵԽԽˣһˣץ²סħʳ
վҪ죬ֻҪͨǰرһħ
һλʮӣҪħʦڣ˷ŭħɫ
ǴӵĻֵá
һħĿ⿴Ŷûз֣壬λ񾳵Ļʵǿߣ߱λʮӣֻҪܳӣʿشԣĶսҪӳ¡
ԭʼħ򶫷Ҽ۶ҹ£ٶԽԽ죬ûͣ°̡
½ϣ޴ĿռͨͨǰԽΪףħǿפأȴʮ̫ӵǰ
̣֮ͨ·Ӱͣ
ϿգӿħǿȾˣüͷ΢΢ûżȥ
Ӳˣ
ɫŤɳƵ
߲ߵ˲ġ
ʱڣûżңԶĴȥ
͵ֵɽУӰһӣȥ
Ȼһɽʯѣҿ죬ɫȴɲ
ħߣǲۣȻˣϰֵͷ
ؿǰߣҲûжϻԪֱӹǰš
ӿѪȾħӿǿ߱Դ

ҵʹϮɫԽŤħԴ壬һҲ֮Ѹɢȥ
ӽµһơ
ֽ֣֮Ҷһԣ
Ѫ죬Ⱦ콹ʯ޴Ŀ


1291 
ԭʼħ½͵ֵɽУ֪ǰһѪħϣȾߵյʱ̡
ĩ·£ֻܹӲдԼ޷ƿء
԰ټƵħһħٶһλ۷ĻѪħѪڷʱ䣬˷ļ
ɫĹ⻪Լһ˿ɫ֣Ȼϸ΢ȴ
עƬ̣ǰһȭشзק˳
ѪѪһһ£˴ۣ֪֮ģӲʯ
ʮӡӲˣ
ҿǰˣ޻
ˡ
ڣɫĮ
лˣ
Уǧħɳǰħ
ĿĵһĻֻϢʱ䣬ħֻʣһ߰׹ǡ
̧֣ħ׷ȥħʬǡ
ħأһħͻȻһɫ¡
ˡһħ̾
ʮӣ
ħɱӿ˫ֱ߬죬ӣ
ʮӦҵħԴʱ䣬Ϣ޷ڸǣԣҵıԴǰ뽫һħ
ס
ħʵͷɱԽңһΣԳ֣ԾĵƢ϶֣ͷֳˡ
ţ㲻õġһħ׵
½ɽɽУһأȫЩӴӸڰħԴ
ܣǧħ
ǧħػħ죬޾ħԪӣΧ
ħ壬ѹԽˣ춯ء
䣬ʱһȥڣѪѸںϣ֣¯
ҹȥ󣬾޴ɽֳ֣ɽ־ɽ
ԭ
ʱ֮ϣӣ߳ǿƥһƿն£ǧħм֪
˫ȻӰɽɢ룬仯Ϊ硣
־֣Ӱ˲ʧѸ磬
ȭԪһȭǿƥ
¡˫ٶȽ棬ನ˫ȫ
֣
־֣ӿѪѸƽϢָ
־Ϊ˻ֽս
˫ս¡¡أྡྷХɽػ١
ħȼȭصӣǰŮӡ
ߣһħ屬ǿܣԪӲС
Ȼһ˫¸˰벽һȭٶȽ档
䡢䣡
һȭһȭĺһһƵĶԺǿλ棬ʽ䣬֡
ԡ
սʮУɫͻȻһ֮
ǰʮ̫ӣǰž˵Ȼʵȴû̫ı仯
ħȼԽңÿཻһУսԽǿһ֡
أڷΣϱǿҵɱ
ñУʮ̫Ӻš
ŭһս֣ʮ⣬˫Ʒת죬ħ
߶ŭʶ壬ӳ֣ʵ
ǿߣ֣羪Ρ
ǰ״ɫҲ
λΪɲ⡣
磡
֮ս˫ٴαµĸ߶ȣ֣
ħ֣ǧɣء
ħཻ棬츲㣬ֲɢɽӦ䡣
˫սϣһ⼲۶ǿϢա
Ļ죡
Ӱ˳ս֣Ŀ⿴ʼӶʮħüͷ塣
˫գħӿƾɲǣâֱ졣
ؾʽޣ
ʽ֣˫֣һһնգ󾡻١
𣡡
һŭħͬ޾ħӳ֣һȭǿա
ֲħλǰλħѳ⺧ܣֱը
ɽѪ꣬Ⱦ쳿ҫ˼䡣
·ǧٴħХѪǣ黯Խʵ
ˣ
һ·һӰȥ
ǧٴħͬʱᦣȥϢ
ߣ룡
ߣֻ̧ӹ֮ϣһž޴ħ£·
ħ£̧ͷ΢΢
ǣ
ħһֻлл׺һλħΪ˳Ǵ¡
﷽Բվ
ˣħ򵥣ҪСˡ
УǧħҲܵΣգѵ
ס壬ûҵԲ
ǣ
ǧħ
ǰҴ⣬һħӿ޴ƾն֡
ԻϹŵĶֺ쳾ġ
ǰ̶ֱǰӡ
䣡
ײֲ𵴶ɽѣﾡ١
ǰδеľݿ࣬ﲻ٣ǿħҲȫһ𣬿ͬʱ졣
Ͽգħ֮ܵҲֹͣ
ӣ
һ̣֮ϣһϵħƣ졣
ħʣ
·ɫ£Ļˣ
ħһư£ħٶȥء
ȻħˣΣ
ߣӰǰֱӽ˦ȥ
ħײҵײ쳹
ֲľ羪ΣϴݻΧһС
ħ£ܵѪȾء
ħ֮棬ѳֲޡ
ٻˡ
̧־йӣһޣʧ
Ͽգħ𶯣ħӣҪռ䣬ȴܵӰ죬벽
֮ϣħŭ£һɱӿơ
ˣ
ожӣﲻϹʱʧôʮУ
˼Ƭ̣ħʻħĿ⿴·ħסͨɱ֮£ʻԳ֡
ǣ
·ħ
ܴɣħǿѹŭʶͿƬ̺Ӱȥʧ
ԭʼħ֮ϣռºڷӰ߳Ⱦ죬ͬ˲ˡ
ˣˡǧħĵ
£ץʱڵгһգǻֲ̡̧Ѫ
ǣ
ǧħӦ
ϣĿ⿴ǰССļ̳ɫ¡
ʥأ
ʮ£Ȼˣβǰɡ
̳ϣעԶϤӰ

ͷȣһǰȥ
̳ǰӰ˫ؿǰߣƽĹ

һ̾ʮأһж˷ǣʮ£Ҫѡأ


1292 
ʥأ̳ǰʱأ塣
Ѫ¹ս貵콾ȴѸͬ
̨ϣĿǰˣɫ쳣
أλԭʼħʮ̫Ѿվǰ
Ͼ׺˸С̾
ս֮ϣۡ
ûκɫĹΪϾ׺ֻع·㡣
ս²ûйѪ¹սʶ֮һֱдһΣ֪¿ɷͽ̣ɫ
䣬ҪЩͷȻĹ޷ѡδ֮·罫һսĽСƽ
ζģɫ
ʮУĹﲻȡʤ֮ս岻ٲ֡
ʮУ
ԣüͷ壬ºš
ʵԶĪ˵ʮУУԽļޡ
ʵš˿ǫ
չš
̧֣ɫ£
ǰһһ죬ֱȨ̳
̳ϣʶӣħʥƣսһ
룡
䣬˫̧ҫʥ
ϻսΧһ
ǰգ֣졣
һ죬ǿն£˵ľ󣬽ƿ޾ʥնǰߡ
ţ
΢Ѫ֮Ӳ֮
ײΰ𵴣ݿ֮ƣϴݻΧ
仯ľѸеĹ⻪ȫɴ
һУƽɫ֮ƣС
̳ϣĿǰŭеľɫ΢΢
ԭܿʵĵơ
᪻᪻һ忹µǿƾ̣ʢʱڣսʡ
裬ʮ£Ķرһ᲻֡
䣬˫֮Уɫ⻪ʢǿƥĻڣơ
֣֮߳ϣʥۣʮԻʥϯʮء
ǰĿ⿴ϿյʮףתƣһأǧӲʵ
ʵǿֲನ𵴣Ӧ顣
޾ʮ춯أʵѹ£򷨾ɢ
ɫ£ָԪٴֽ⡣
ǿ֮⻪ҫ۶Ŀ޾ѹɢٴεʮס
ʮ޼֮ǳȻײϻʵ
䣡
ҵĴ˫ײսУ˺벽һѪҷӿ
֣
ȣħۣ޴ֳ֣ѹӿѪ

ļ״΢΢ħķֽλʮ̫ӾȻ޳˴˷
ֽ᪻ʮ£㾿жٵأ
ָ̧֣㣬һҫĽƿնǰδеĿֱֲ˺գѹǰ֪
ɽ
ֱ̤仯ɽɽӲʵ⡣
ɽӦ٣ħӿǧ˿ţؽ֯ʥ֣ٵʵ
ǧħ˿٣ྡྷ˰벽
ѪȾһ̤ӳ֣Ӱ˲ӳ
ת߶
һȭħϮ죬عۻƿ򣬻֡
䣡
ƽɫ£̧Ӳħ
һһصĹƣϳ߻ʥ⣬޾᲻ɴݡ
ȣ
һȣ̤һħӿɺ߶֮䣬ն£һȪ
ĽѳԽˡ
΢Ȼһ¼֮
ɼٶײϻǿѹȻɢ콣
ɢδһӡ֪š
𣡡
Σܣл
᪻Ӧ٣񱩵𵴣Ȼ֪ħ
ǿǿԺʵ֮ǿѵ
̳ԵΣֲ̧Ѫսɲ
þûôʹһսˡ
ʮ£ʵĿ࿴ǲĿڵ
ʮУѾԽļޣзɣôס
֮ûмޡ
ƽӦһ䣬ɢȥ豹棬Ψһ
ɢ죬﷽Բɶһʼգ޼޾
ǰļ״ɫҲ
ڵͬˡ
Ľ
žĽ磬رãΨнÿһ䡣
󽣽硣
ۣ
֮Խ򷨣Ӱ𣬺ڷ裬罣еɷ
һն߽֮⣬޾ĽΪһҫ졣
䣬ǰδевѹ£ɫһ˫ֲϣȻ¼֮
飬飬飬Ľ̳ѳֲӦ١
أսֶַ΢䣬Ƭ̺һ̾
⣡
ϣɢȥӰĿ⿴ǰߣڵá
ʮ£ϣ֮ѡûдɫӵ
ʱԶħϯǿĻ֣ٿ
Ҫˣ߰ɡ
иУɫ΢ѵ
ڡ
ͷűȥ
֪뿪ã̳Ͽգħƣ޴ħУħ߳Ŀ⿴·սȥ̳ɫ¡
׻ʣΪûħʳ
ħѵ𣿡
ĵ᲻£һ䣬ħ֮֮ɴӳɳȥ¾ħԳ֣Ҳ
ħԣɫѿ쳣׻ʵĻʼˣڡ
䣬ħħӿӰգʧ
½ͷѩУ֮أẮˡ
ʮӣҪӵ
󷽣ħʵ𣬼ٿ
ߣŲδͣǰȥ
ɽۣ֮Ŀ⿴Χһ߷壬ɫ
ȥܸħһһЩ鷳Ϊ֮
սһڣնһȻ¡
һƿգɣҫޱȵһֱնԶ߷塣
䣡
壬ؾϢ֮һ쳣ǿƿնԶ֪
ɽۣ֮ףһնӭϻ
䣡
˫ħս˵ྡྷѹ£һһɽ٣ʯɽϴ׹¡
٣ȴƽûٳҡľ䡣
˲׹
壬Ƕġ
֮һνѵħλ˷
ʮӣˣ
֮ϣħӰ£ǿħصԴϢ
ħʣ˵ɱңˣһ
ӽսԽң


1293 սʵ
֮أ߷ϣ֪ħʱ̵սһ

֮ϣħ̧֣һ޴ħڿն𣬺ħӣ٣ʧɫ
ϵĻʵ˼ǿڣδƬǿնʼҡ
ϣ΢΢ǰδеѹ£һսҲ֮ڡ
һս޿ɱܣȻˣսˣ
ӿħÿ䣬ԵĻ£⻪ө֮ԣ΢ļ
죬зɣ޴ֲΪȴǺ֪ǧְٽٵһ
Ҫսսɣ֪ξһս
ȣ
һȣħԪө֮ԣųҫ۵Ĺ⻪
棬ΰӿֱ
֮ϣħʷ£ʱƼ䣬Ϊһִֻ
ݵĿֲԽؼޣһѿգ顣
¡¡쳹ǿգ֮ظĩ֮ġ
·ħԽǿʢԪ
ħײħѹ졣
µħ۳ɵľ齣Ȼ¡
ѵܣһٵħ
᪻Ӳħƣҵײ𣬷ƱɫѸ¡
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ߣأ𺳹ŽԶߡ
޿ɵǿǿľĿעħлߣɫԽ䡣
ǰֻԶħʳ֣潻֣ܵλħʵǿ
ӹɣħʵǿ󣬾ԳԽĻʣѪħѾȴ˵еħ
߷ϣйһڣûκξ⡣
ʱϰĽն̫谭Ȼħ޾塣
졣
ָޱȵĽֱնգǰħߡ
ϣħ̧㣬һſħ䡣
֮ħನ𵴣Ӧݡ
콣٣ֲ˳ʮ
¡¡·ɽʯѣ޴һΪɣɲ⡣
ʮ⣬ǿסΣڣȥ󲿷ྡྷ
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ɶǰֲѪһԾɽȥ
Ӳˣ
ħߣӰ£ͬٶȣǰ׹ٶȡ
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һ򷨣ԵΪ࣬Ȼϼ䣬һʱ䣬Σ֡
ħ׳֪֮սʱħʳǣиУĿ⿴Զأɫ¡
̫
߽ʱϿգħϯħΪģٻʳǡ
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ĵĵӣ£˭ܸı䡣к޶ҡ
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һҪȥˣһħʿڵ
ʵ֮£κ˳֣Բ֣ǣΪ̫ˣûʵ۸һСĪֳ˳Цħ壿оʧ
ڵʮӣѲС
һħʵ᲻òϣӵĳɳѳԤϣ񣬻ʵ֮£ѹƵ콾벻ٺЩСᲢۣ׳֣õѡ񡣡
ǿʶÿ
˫ȭգħӿŭҡ
֮䣬վһսһħһ̾ȻһգƬأ˲仯
ֽӣδ֪С磬˽룬ΧϢ޳·
ٻٵܹȥ򣬾ֻܵ׳ʮӣŻȥһħĮ
Ը
Ըٶ˵ĳһڣŵ⼲۶ű䣬˼䡣
ɫĳǹԻħƣޱȵǹ⴦յѣѳ⼫֮
ħһĽһħ಻˿⣬һħԪƣϿգħһ֣޴ħӡѹˡ
ǿλħʶţһ̣սޱСսٱÿ䡣
ս֣ʦͽͬǿĶ֣ħսħǳ
£ħлߣƲۻһħɢҶֿ񱩡
ԼվΪãʮӣô˵ıԴɸı䲻ĽħһǰɱԽˣħлߣ֮
ˣˣ
УǧħܵǰߵĿ£
ҪԽԽħ𡣡
˿Ϊɫǰδеִ֣
ʱ䲻꣬ĳɾͣǿžֻҪӹ֮٣δγܱһѩ֮ܡǧħȰ
ҪԽ
ħִ֮ţ˿ɶעǰħʣһѪӿĶǡ
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ǧħԣȫĬãǧħɳᦣؼ䡣
ǧλľĴħ֪ǿãԿ塣
ħꣿ
ħʼ״ɫ΢䣬ôľħ꣬ѹʮôħԴ

ǧħһһ֪ڣԴԴϣΪһ
ǿǰδУѪϱѳǧħ֮
ĵһĻǧħ壬˫仯Ѫ죬һϢͻޣȫµ
УǧħۣٳڶС硣
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ȣǧħֲͬħԪ⣬һȪ
赭дһȴ֮ħӺݺһ˫ֲϣӲ
䣡
ն䣬˫֣ƽһ˲Χһɽݵǧɡ
ɽǧɣأҡͬ׹ǧɡ
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֪
һػݶҡǧħ֪֮쳹ԭʼħ
䣡
޴𣬼֮أƬȥ䡣


1294 ֪
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ǧħ֮ӿȣһ޾ʱ䣬ʱԽơ
ֻâУһն£ħ塣
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״ͬħ䣬ħԻӲС
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֮ϼ۽
ĺڷϣѪɽ𽣣һӣֲĽȻɢ
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һƺߣɽս֣֮Ѫϵ䡣
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ħ죬ǧǧ򽣹ֱ֣֮졣
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սһ̱仯˽ϣء
𺳹ŽһзɣУڰ˼䡣
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ľʶѸɢ룬ǧħش֪ѸԶȥ
䣡
˲Ϣ䣬ħ屬ɢһѪŻȾǰء
ǰѪˮ䣬Ⱦħ

ħģҵһսشһʱ׷ϡ
⣬ħӿ֪ӰȻ֮ϡ
ڣǧħľͬ˯Գų֡
˵һս֪㾡УشħߵͬʱԼҲܴء
½̳ǰ׺֣
ʡ
֡
̳ϣĿڣ
׺ԣɫȥ
պУ׺һǰ
ѩǵ֣֪ħڴϣһѪʣȾ°ѩ
׺ǰǰԲѵɫ쳣
Ĺ⻪̫ҫˡ
зɣսߣ˼飬˭š
Ƭ̣׺̧֣Ҫǰߡ
ڴʱ֪ӿΪһ
᪻Կ벽
׺Ӱ˳ʮɣؿǰˣڵûж⡣
ݵľţϢ֪֮ɢȥع֮䡣
׺ٶǰСķǰˣԪԴԴעڡ
У֪üͷƽ


1295 һ
½У׺֪ˡ
ڣħԪݽߣҲܴأǧħĺֳ֢
ƾ˳ء
˶ʱ׺ɫԽأϢǰߣһǰȥ
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ڣѩѹ֦ͷ
֨֨
׺УĿ⿴Χɽ֣ѰҴҩ
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1296 µһ
ԭʼħأ֣֣·
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ġ
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1297 ֤֮
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䣡
ײֲĻ֮ӣ֮Ӧ١

ನ𵴣ˮɢܵɣηɳɣȾ졣
ɺħ֤ǰĪС
Ѫε£ʣ޼סΣĿƣһսȴɳҡ
սˮѴʪգвϴϢ֧ѽӽݽߡ

ʮ
ϼޣ֣ʢ֮
Խ˼֮¡¡һޱȵĽ֣Χ֪ƶ
޼ɲǼ䣬콣ɢȫȻĽ⣬ս֡
İ粨
ϣ״ĺָѪ
Ѫ뽣ǧ䣬¶ݡ
Խ䣬ؼ䣬˫ħУ㾡һУΨһ
ֲĽѹڿХʮڣ죬ĩս١
ÿµˣ
սʮ⣬ͣΣ˭ٿѲܹ֡
ܣʵ֮£ʮ޵Уʤʵ֮ϣħ彫ٶһˡ
ħأһħʿԶս֣ڵ
أʮӱѳɳƽһսĵزӣʵ¡ԶħɫԽأӦ
ƣ˼壬佣ΪǾףӵǿʿԽ͡һħʳ
±ߣΪһǧȻÿһҪ£Էܹ
ǧǼΨһĵ·
֮ǰûнݾƽȣ߿ɳɣɳɡ
ȻӹϼǿȴǷëǣԭֻһѡ
ʣ֮˷ʱ±ļޱߣϰ֮㱻̭ϼĻᶼûС
д·ҪһδսгɳǼΪѡ
λʮӣһ࣬Ȼն֤ΪдµۣչֻԽʯ֡
ܿܣȻпᣬʵ
ֳΪмʤ㡣ħ
ʮɡ
һħӦӵޣһսʱ״̬෴ֵһ۷壬۽ս⣬Ժնɱʮӣɾʵ˿衣
ʮ᪻Ŷɽӣᵣģ˳Կħʵ
ԵǰãֻҪ֤üһƵĶӣΪǣ᪻Сֵһᡣһħʵ
ħеԼ֣Ŀ⿴Զս֣ȴʤʱ١
ĿУ޾Ͽգ˫ħ֮սؼ
ҫ۵Ľ⣬ݺύ޾۽չΪ
䣡䣡䣡
ؼ䣬һһ·ϯ˳졣
޿ɲȵһսսУԽ⽥֣֤⻪ҫ۶Ŀ
ȣ
ֵĹ⻪ѲѹƣȣѹסĿŭһͷڷ裬ħƿ
ħŭģħߵıܽѹԣһ˫ӱ仯ް
ħħ
̤Ľϣħӿ׵ѹʮﺣѸ³ɡ
֤ڼһѹ޾ڣԽ޽ӽ˵ʵ
ΣħΣ
ӽн٣һһʽ豹档
֮졢׼Уѧ֮ʼ򵥵Ļӽ̽УʤǧС
ֱ仯иУɫһħӿеȫͿ
ħħһ⻪ɢʮ
ħ⻪У֪ħľеϢ
Ȼ֮ͬ𡢻£򵥵һȻײ
ɲǣϿգռѺۣ˲ϢѺѸɢǧʮ
µһ޿ݣԽʵ
ԭʼħǿɫһ¶֮ɫ


1298 
޾۽豹棬һ
춯صһֱնգ򷨡
¡¡𶯣Χޣ󲻴档
һѪ죬սַֿƽ
صĴϢص֮䣬ͷˮε£Ѫʪ
ǰУ澲һħӿҫĿʵɡ
ģǧ
ɣ覣潣ָ񷣬ǧƿգǰȥ
Σս֣УὣǰӲС
ɲǺǧӶ޼᲻ݡ
ǣ
ֻ֮ϣѺ۳֣ʥѳлʵҲ˳ܵļޡ

Ľ⣬谭ྡྷ룬һٴ۵Ѫˣشһ
Ѫ֮УһһΣսָ
ʮ⣬סΣʶȻԳų֡
ʤѷˡ
ʥأĿԶս֣̾
һ̣ߵ˾ޣվǵ˾ͷ
ϣľĬĿעԶɫû˿
ߵ˽գ۹ôԻͣǰ޷ͻԼļޣеĻԻͶ᳹ᡣ
ӥչᣬǰ죬׹£ս
ˣ
սУǰһҫ졣
ǰشϢľҲȫݽߡ
ʣ಻Ըգܾʹͣ
ȣ
ѹסŭ𣬴͸쳤ȣһѪΪѪɫ֮䡣
ѡǷ񻹻ǧٵĵ·ʣȴ
ʣصĹ⻪أһһҹȥҵһսβ
֮УСڣϼɢÿһ䡣
СڣһͷȾѪĺڷ裬ħսӿ
һ̤Ӱ˲ʧٳ֣ǰ
ֻػնޣĽģޱս⡣
񣬻ӽȻһ½֮
һн棬תƣġۡ佣޼ޡ
ȻͬĶ֣Խңңʽ֮䣬Ҳ޼Ѱ
֮
ɫ΢䣬ӽһһعƣɫ
ĵãɼǧδܹ󼰣Ψд˵е񣬲ܹ̤
һ̣ԭʼħλʵɫҲ
򣬶ˣٴγ̤֮ˡ
µʮӡ
ʥ򣬻ƽʨʥעԶս֣н
ͷ򣬼ѳɣֻڴ˵Уû뵽ʱٴ˲
սУ֪һɫ⻪֣춯ء
˫Хƽʽȴն֮ܡ
㲻ͬˣ
һնУ濴Žǰħʮӣ
ԣйһһλ裬޼϶
˫۽ٴ档
䣡
֮ϣƱգ׵쳹
ǿĽ䣬Ϊעʤߣ𣬰ߣٲ
磬Ȼ֮ڶ𺳣ӰϽԽ
䣡
ʣޣˡ
˫壬飬´١
ʽ١٣˼µִ٣ɫɫ⻪ҫײ
ħʣϲ
ʥأ̳ϣĿԶսе˫ڵ
һĻʣһλʵס
ϧվ޷档
ϣй⻪֣ӣ⡣
ûдû뵽ĵһˡ
ԽԽһеǰĶ֣ᣡ
Ŀڣصԭʼħ
ԭʼħǿǿűвԽ֡
ħأһλħһҲԱƽĿⱱԶս֣ɫ쳣
棡
һħ˫ȭգ֮նɱӣ֤֮
λħ߿ڣ¡¡𶯣¹עһսȻħǿˣҲ޷ֹˮ
սУ˫֮սؼʱ̣֮ϣʽͬʱ£ûӰ
׽УһһӰһһγһп֮
ֲľ󣬽۷ĶԾȻ˼ƣ֮ǰ롣
ǿǿ𺳣߹ǧְٽٵ֪ͻң̤ǿߵ轣¡
֪̤֮ʣ죬¹ŵأ̳֮ϣ˫ۻܵԶϤĽ⣬ӻ
̳Ͽգ»ۣһʥ˫Ӱ֣ĿԶһԭʼħ
ˡ
񿪿ڣ
˼ӽ֮ˣ̤
һԣӰƽ˫עԶĿһĨο
ߣ˼޷ĽĽ򡣡
ĿŲԶĽߣƽ
˼Ľߣʵңϧ˼䣬˵Ľ޷
Ĵڣ
Ŀƹһڵܸܵͬκˣǿ
սѰҶ֣ǿߣ㾡һս
ڴƽ
ʱͬκʱҲ˼ʱҪˡ̾
˼䣬ϣȻǶǿߣǣеǿȴֲĴڡ
ǰߣȻΪȤĿ꣬һλܴ彣ߣʲôʱǾԵǿߡ
սã̳ϵĽܣȥ
ˣĳɳ⡣
·һ˾Ŀ⿴ǰȥıӰвϷӿ
˾λǰʵѾԽˡ
飬κˣʵ󣬴˵Ĵ٣ֲֵز
ʥ⣬߳ǿϣ٣춯ء
УϹӰ֣һλλɽɾԻ٣ɱ콣ߡ
ǿУţһǰȥ
˫⻪ţݺύɹơ
ԵĽԽ˼һзȻϹ޷赲߽Ų
ɴУӰԶȥһûǿգϹߣϼʧ
ԭʼħ֮ڣ˫սͷ׽еˣһ⻪ҫһһ׽٣򷨲֡
ʽ١٣ǣںϣ֮ܣޣһС
·ನӣʮﺣĩգֲɢûзκβ
ҵɫҵ֮ɢ֮
Ȼսеȴ֪УΨǰ֡
ľͲ˼ĽħȻײ
ǣ
ʱһ΢Ľ𣬳ǧٴػĹѳмӦѡ


1299 
磬ϾսΪؼʱ̣֪УѳлȻѡ
߶Ͻսּת£ħ棬һ֪ڣһٲõѪ

һƺߣˣָԪǿƻС
ݺύɫ⣬ưƥһն䣬ɱ
񣬳齣˺ӳʮ֮⡣
壬ǰѪӿ˲Ϣħƣס˿ڡ
Ŷ
״΢΢
̤ʮƻָٶƺҲࡣ
ǰԽ⻪ҫ۶Ŀ
ϣϽΧ׵ñٵʼ޸
ģ췣
վ֣һȣħգ׻ۣħ춯ء
췣֮ƻأ׹
ʮ⣬ڣһ޼޾

ʮ
𴫵񳯣ʮ֣ȫȻͬ
̥ǣԳһУָ𽣣һƾն֡
ˣ
һ̣ԭʼħ޾ѹ£򽣻һʧ
½Ͽգһλλħһ򽣣ɫ価𺳡
ʵ𾪡
ǣľĿ⿴ǰϲ̫һ̾
ʱأĽѾɳԴĵز
Ѹ꣬㹻ˣȥɡĿڵ
̫ʣΪһĨ⣬Զȥ
սʮ񽣼۶ͬһʱ䣬ظһӢ֮۶⻪ҫĿںΪһ
磬̧֣һڿ񽣷󷽣޾ĽӢ֮Ҳ֮ʮ֮С
򽣷ٻ٣Ӣۣ֮ںʮڣ˼ǿ
˲Ϣ䣬ʮ仯֮ϣĳ֣תϢ
ɱ䣬컯һ̣ʮնǰħ
ʵĳĿħһڿӦ١
ǣ
̶𣬽ϵĽУħһѺ۳֣Ƭ̺Ȼѡ
ߣһ壬磬ĿĵһĻǰϽͬʱ壬Ѫӿħ˫ۡ
ˡˣ濴ǰϽɬһЦأЦԽԽһһ쳹ޣ쳹ԭʼħ
䣡
֮ϣʵٺ£׻أûħ֮
߼䣬Ӱֱӱɳȥʣ£ͬҪû֪֮
ΣͷУ죬һһֻشħٳŶȥ
ħأһħʼ״ɫ쳣̧ºݺһ
Ϣ󣬱Ͽգһֻƾն֣Ȼ¡
һ֣ʥأ̳֮ϣɫ£̧ͬħ춯ء
ϿգɻʵȻײನХؾˡ
ŭУ˼۶һţת˲ʧͷ
֮ݻɽԭʼħһλʵĴСħأһħʿڣȵ
Ը
ɽϣһֱעűսֵƽӦһ䣬һӰʧ
ͨǰ񶼻ֳ³ǿ
Զ죬ںɫӶУһӰ߳ڵĳ裬֣ǿ
ǰ·ݷǰС
񽣡
·ǰգۣһںںĳһն˼䡣
ڷԴһ֣ʱҡ
ǰħֵУ޴ħؼ䣬赲ǰ·
ˡħײҵĳУǧħȻ飬ӣħȫɳȥ
һ˲֮չᣬΪ⼫ͨȥ
㣬߲ˣ
ؼʱ̣ͨǰᵶ·
¡һ⡢ײɢĻУսٶӳ
ನХϵħΣķԸս籼ףɱоԣҪȫͻΧ
ͨǰӶµʽ󿪴ϣʵһʮᡣ
գԭʼħ֮ء
֪ݻɽ˿û֣նǧ
ϣһһն޴ĿռѺ۲ϳ֣Ļʵǿߣʵʤ֤ʵ棬һһʽء
䣡
ʮУһ£ɢ˲ʧٳ֣
սǰУǰռͨȥ
棡
ڼȴźһߣ䷭Ԫ֮ƺǿƱ
ΣϮŲ̤תһۣӳ⣬ܿһơ
Ƭӣ񶼻ٶȵͨǰ֪̤벽
֮ңƴֿɼһ̣ȴ·ԶģԿ
Ŀħ˶עͨǰһΣħʮѣδԭʼħһޱȿµĴС
󷽣ٶȻۣ֪·ǰ񶼻ߣħսƱҪ֪Զħ
񣬳գ޾ķӶ棬󺣡
ݺ
̫澭֣䶯ؼ䣬ƶں콻ӳϮˡ
״һȣ죬޴ĵֱһն£
¡һ𣬵ؼ䣬һ޴ֳ֣ڰ䣬ΧһС
⣬̤ܿ󷽣һλħ㣬ֱӱնѪ졣
ģ֮Գ֣ǿ֪һʱ
֪֮ͬʱԨУ˷ӿӣƿն
ʥ򣬻ƽʨʥͬʱ߳жȥ
񶼡塢ʥͬΪնݳͬ䡣
ʥأ̳ϣĻ׿ϵħߣɫصħʣҪԳˣʮº·
ϣĿĻսɫ쳣
ûʵΪԸһСȻҪˡ
Ķŭһ̤ǰֱѿӰûУʧ
ֳ
ħأħʿԶħһߣڵ
һħʵͷûж˵һӰͬʧ
ǣһȫԭʼħλʵǿ߳һһٶȼ죬˲Ϣš
ͨǰ֪սħڻʵڼʱ쳣
Уϯչᣬ޴ķգʱ˼仯ӣپ
ǰ΢΢𣬿ǰɭĵɫҲ
ӵΪһһγǵԤϣΣնҪ¡
ȣ
˼ѶһȣʢǿƥĻ»裬
ǿĻߣ֣һᴩǿգն¡
ֶһ̣ҫ۵Ĺ⻪Ŀоɫ
֮쳽
ʱ޾ʱ⣬һϤ鼫֣ǳ˼䡣


1300 ͬ
ԭʼħͨǰ֮·һǿգ졣
Σһ̣սֺ󷽣һӰӶ˲Ϣ֮䣬ڷ֮ǰ
°׷Ӱ˫̧ſŴӰԻ˼䣬٣趯ǳ
ǳҵɢ˲ս֡
ɣ֪֮Ŀӣƽ
һ̣սָһӰ߳ޱȵĻѹ£ġ
ۻʡʥ죬ǿѹ
⣬ħƹһħ߳һս⣬Զġ
λԭʼǿٶħϯײ
ģȲ
һħʿڣ
Ŀ֮ս֣ûжԣӰϡ
֣ŻһɫǹΣ񷾡١
䣡
˫ħ֣ƵӦݣû֮
һĽ֮ʱͨǰʲ֪·
Ŀɨλħߣ΢΢
λʵ𣬿ħڻѲϧ۽¡
󣬷ƣ֣ں쳤裬˴ۡ
ڵȵˡ
ǰ°׷Ӱڵ
Щˡ
ƽһħ뿪Ҫս
ס
ףĿ⿴ʣɫ쳣
ҪλʵİΧɱ·Ѷȿ֪
ˡ
ʱΧȼյķУһƣڽŵսϣ˴̶
ڣºڷħ߳ǰ˿ڣѪɲ£˴Σ
ħ㣡
ɫ΢˳أӲš
ˡ
ħгʣɳƵô꣬Ѿˡ
ɽڲûա
ֻҪ뿪ƻָǶܾƽսҡ
ˣȻǶ飬㽻ˡ
ħǰһħӿ֣⻪ҫĿ
սУλħüͷ壬򣬴ӾȻһ̤
򲢷˼侳磬ֻһΣ̤ؾ
Ȼһսܻó˯ҲҪϧһս𣿡
ħ˫ǰףŲԶսħڵ
ħ͸ս㾡ԼһСħƽӦ
һԣĬ뱾˯Щӣħȷ̫ࡣ
ħԺսϲȨıЩ꣬ħѹԼıԣΪԭʼħϱʱգȷʵ÷ˡ
ҪսǱսɡ
ףٶԣɫᶨգ˪Ʈ㣬Ϊ
̾ͬû˵ʲôƣĽΣֱ
ƽ
ħѹƣַתһħ۶ɵħ֣ɲǼ䣬޾ս
սʣսնʱѹսУ⻪ҫֲĽɢǧǧ򣬾𾪡
Ľʵˣѹܡ
ͨǰƽʨʥɫ£ȭʢ
棬ͬ߶һԪʵƣΧ¡¡𶯣룬ʵ
һ֮
֮Ŀעǰħʮӣ΢΢𣬷֮಻ʤǣܽÿһ˾˵زߣƽ
ױ䣡
սģͬ䣬棬Ʊ䡣
ˣ
λħɫͬʱһ屬ȫע
˲Ϣֻؼ䣬⼲۶켫Ѹ׵Ľ¡
Ŀһ֣ħʡ
ҵĴͨǰɫοХڣྡྷһƬƬձ䣬޾ӣֱ֮⡣
սУλնǰڽ£Ʋ
𣡡
һ̣žХ󷽣а᪻ӳ֣Խˡ
ǰƽʨʥɫԽأһȭɫӿ˷
ܣڣ䣬˫뿪
ΪʼԴԴϣϸӲʥ֮
¡𣬻־жؼ䣬»ʵ
һн棬ԪϯǿƻС
ţ
ƽʨʥ˫۽ȻӲơ
Ȼһҵĳ𣬻ƽʨʥλɣ֪
һֹأ˫и𺳣Ŀ⿴ŶԷϴ߶
ڱʥʱһߣߣ١ԷĽ棬սԿ塣
սУڰ棬һһϳۻۼס
սתۼ䣬ʮеĹ棬ۻУƾԷһһε·
ֵ񽣣ӳ֣Ƹʤգ뼫棬ǿоΪʡ
꣬оΪãʮӣ㻹Ŷٵƣ
ۻʷƣԪӿһƣֱΧգҪ֮
𣬷ٶȾ˿Ӱ죬ޣǰ
ۻüٳһƣƸʤ
ߣƾ͸壬ɲ黯˲Ϣʵ
ۻʼ״ɫݺһ
ǣ
߼䣬ƿգվŤʧ

ͻȻۻʿһƺߣۼ׺󣬽ֱ֣͸ۼףڡ
˵ľ߽ˣһѪҷӿ
⣬һħɨԶս֣ɫ쳣
꣬ħ߷֮˹Ȼʮӣˡ
Ϊأѳɳ˿µĳ̶ȡ
ͨǰԽؼ٣ʱط˼䣬һУشߡ
ۻǣѪε£ڷϲʳŻ
ǱСˣ
ۻ̧֣Ѫʢѹơ
ȣ
һȣۻ󣬾޴ӰԻֲĻϯֱѹأսΪޡ
ȻԸϣǰʮӣԳΪĶ֡
ǿԻᣬϹʱķ壬ǿԿħĿ´УƾıǷǾ˵ս
ս֣嵲ħλߣһս֣ħս֮򡢻ʵٶȽ棬սա
ǿߣһսƾǿսһ·ϻʵ𾳣νսˡ
Ȼħͬ˿޾壬ħ֣һһʽл֮ܡ
ʮУħս֣֮ѪϷɽشħߣսȴ߰Աˡ
һһĺǿƥӵֵ˫۽ԡ
˵Ľߣս⣬ñʾ壡
ǰħԡѪսķ֮ɫһΪȫȫӦǰ֡
Ϊ֣ضõķʽóȫǰħֵȫ֡
ȣ
ŭһȣ죬µ⼱ڣᴩֱǿա
ħ״ƣ˫һĨοһգϡ


1301 轣
½Ͽգͨǰսպգ֪սʣޱս𣬷ٱա
֮죬޾ʵۣһǿգնǰ֪ħ
սȣħսңŲһ̤ڿն
ħǧת󷽣Х죬޾˷۶ħ춯ء
ʰģս죬ħ̽Уһն˷Ӣ֮Ψʣһҫ۶Ŀ
һɿֲ쳣𵴿ܣֱˡ

ս֣ನ֪ħȫ˳ܵħ죬ش
ʮ⣬ħסΣһսħ֮ǰħ޾壬Ψ󺨳һս
ս֣ܵħоĬȫȫħ˫ʣħԸ
ħԽѸѹƣһӳսٿ
תۣѸһƻأۼ䣬ħ桢Ȼħ󷽣޴Ļֳ֣ħӳ֣
ħ֮˰벽³ϣͬʱһƺǰ֡
ħ˷һȣǧħӦ
ħԪХڣһȭ䣬Ӳʵ
ǿ߶Ծ棬оĶǡ
һսǵö⣬֮նƺڰľ
ȣ
ĳȣ쳹ľĳԽ;׵Ľ֮УƼ䣬֮٣ٽ
δ֮٣Ƹʤǰҫ۵׹գֱӽս֮С
Ȼһûħ𺳵Ŀ£ͨǰħһҫУ֮䣬;
ңħеսȫ֪ٶȡϣȴԼ
⣬֮ǰеħʮӣ΢΢
𣬵¡
˵УΨп̤򣬿޶ȵߵսһֱҲ׷ľ磬ϧ޾˿̤С
ǰħʮӣ꣬򣬿ɼεȾˡ
Ķ֣Բܷȥݻɽ˭
ϣУħӳħƿգâԽˡ
ٽ棬ħݺύâĿġ

սУħۣ֮ս±ѣѪɽ׶ȼ졣
ˣɫȭԪһȭǰ֡
ȭ֮ħɳ⣬ǰͣ¡
壬Գ֪Ȼ巴Ӧȴ޷ͬ

ħǣѪ£ƣһĨźڵ̫ϧˡ
ս֮ģǿңȻظ֪ħߣһսյˡ
״ɫǰħʮˡ
ʮħһ׷ɱϴǰĶһսӵȻ֧ƾ־ֵڣ
𣿡
俪ڣƽ
ĺ֮սҲվ֮ʱһ·ˣ㹻ˡ
䣬ħܣͻȻÿ֮ϣиУƷһ£·ħߡ
ȣ
Уħͷüëȫɫ⻪ٶħԪɢƬȫ
Σħһһħ𵴣˾𺳰˷
Զս֣塢ħףͬģɫ
ͬԡ
ؼʱ̣սУ֪ͬʱͬ죬ҫ۵Ĺ⻪˼䡣
ǿޱȵĽħɫ仯ȫʢϯ
һ̣ͨǰһ춯صĴײ𣬺˵ɢûĿһС
䣡
ನħѪ죬֮価ħηɳ׹
Զս֣ӹ׹ħ
ǰҳನУһƺ죬
յ֣֮Ѫ䣬ħУش֮
սսᣬϣһĳս֣Ŀɨһ۲Զķڵýˡ
ͷӰ𣬾޴ķԻһһ죬󺣡
֮죡
｣תƣƶ𣬷˻֮ܣҾҫ졣
ڷ֮Դӣī˼䡣
ɷԲȱ
ͬ죬ܰޱȣϣ¡ƣֲ¡¡𶯲ϡ
ּ䣬˵Ƽޣ̫ͼԻ֮ϡ
Զ̧֣һȣ˪ӿ
鿪ΪʼԴԴϣ֣ͬ⽣Ӱ˲Ϣ󣬵ɢΣջޡ
ľͬ󣬻֣硣
ľ䣬Ѫεϼޣٿ
ɲǼ䣬УһӰ˫ֶ
֮
ľӳ֣춯أ⻪Ŀֲڣԭʼħ
ʲô
ԭʼħǿ߿ʣɫ¶𺳡
ϣҹ粻ϱãǰδľж־֮С
Ҫˣ
ĩյˣ
У־Ŀ޺˹£Ŷߵݣ죬ĪҪ
ʥأ̳ϣĿ⿴Ŷսɫ𾪡
飬˵ӵиı컯֮ѧ
ս֪˫֣ҹת˵ľɫ׳¡
ֵǣ
֮ǿѹƣںȵ
Զۻʣʥ֮ӰͨǰԻ
֮޴ӰԻؼ䣬죬ѹٶ
ĿɿֲϿ˲Ϣ󣬺Ȼײһ
䣡
ĵĴը֮ͨǰֱʧռڣй⻪
Уһ춯صķ𣬷޴ķӰչɹǰͨ
ʱǰ֮ȥǰ·
ΨһĻᣬʧȥȥĿܣһ̣˿ûͣͣķУɢȥʧ
תۺ֮󷽣Իֱûռͨʧ
ɲǼı仯ɫһ𣬻׿ûռͨķˣֹѾ
ʱ
ǰӿನУۻʡʥ߳Ŀ⿴ͨɫԳ
û뵽Գ֣Ȼû´ӡ
ݻɽ뺣ɱλħʮӣӲס
֮ͨ⣬ܵԶսֽһǹǰһħʣĿ⿴Զһ̾
ֻЩ·ֻԼˡ
ͨУһ޴ķӰǰӰԻ
˫֣ͬûжԣٳޱȥ


1302 ʮ
ǿգХ죬ںƣǣԶȥ
պ󣬵ظϿգΣ߳һۣɢû뱾֮С
ع飬Ϣʤ֣һ
һ̣ظʮһλλиУ˫Ŀ⿴֪ɫ
֪ڻˡ
޳¥ƽ˫лһĨ⡣
Ϣǣ顣
عǱ塣
ħأΪûͬأѵǳ
Զһ޳УĿ¶ϲá
ˡ
߳Ӱӹȥ
ʦ
ǰͣ½Ų¼ѵѾͷ΢ЦǴˣСһ
̧ͷһЦ˵ʦˡ
ǰѾͷͷЦ߰ɣȽУҪ顣
š
£Ҳ֣ɵظں棬һͬǰȥ
ʮУظҲ̶Ϊ⣬
Ӻڣ³ǰһλλظĿ⿴ǰ֪о֮ɫ
֪λʲôһһһΪҵ
һ䣬ϸЩӷ˵ڳÿˡ
£һλλ߾ǰԣĽУв𣬾þòƽ
̶µʱ䣬ħٵԭʼħ̫಻˼֮£ڳ˵֪š
ħ
¥һ䣬ʱڳˡ
Ϊβʦ㣿
Ŀɨˣѯʵ
ŮþδһЩ鷳ǰȥӦӦÿҪˡ꿪ڣӦ
ԣͷûٶʣĿ⿴ڳɫԭʼħʮ֮ԼܿȥʱһظܿܽΪԭʼħҪĿ꣬񣬵ظʵԿħ壬֪λʲôõĽ飿
Ϊ㣬Σ
ǰǳڣ
ɡ
ǧϷظʵͲħ壬ȫֿױһһơ

һԣҲ飬ֿ޷ʱжͳһظҲ˻Ϊһɢɳ޷ٶħγв
ǳεر죬Լս̡
ǳĽ飬ǾԲȡ
ǰΪֹظ޷ħ壬ʵΪȷ޶ȵıʵǧ˵ҲеظڵĿģΪ˶ԿħǷֿΪսԭʼħвἫ󽵵ͣͬҲʵ
ȫİ취ס
ǰ¥ڣƽƣظڿͬʱܱȫԼǰظħҪĿ꣬˴֪ħ֮һսħڻʿ϶ȫԵظὨ飬ݱܷâ
ظԣ˼ƣȷЩ鷳ϣԾ
λҲعڷգȴǰظԭʼħȫԣظв壬˵Ǻ¡Уڣ٣ħʵԱȣǲ󼰡
ǰ΢΢ף¶һĨ΢ЦĿ⣬ǿúܳԶ
ӳ˼оѣĿ⻥ӣо
˵Ĳԭ֪УظԳΪԭʼħĸ󻼣ǰһЩ˼룬Ҳøıˡ
λֻȽЩ¸ߴңʮ֮ڣһЩʱգλԻȥ˼Բߡŵظƽ
ǰͷµȥ
£ǵһ¡
ڽסˣ
¡ԣͣ²Ŀ⿴ǰ֪ʡ
Ҫ֮֮Ҫʲô޷ɫ
һӣ¶һĨЦݣΪͻ󡣡
һԣ¾վû˵һ仰
һҳɫֽų֣ҳϣתؿ֮֮
ȥɣڽԺҪЦ
л
Ҳûѣӹ֮Ŀ⿴ˣɫ£ЩͬУ֪м
¡
µ˵һ䣬תȥ
ЦЦҲûٶ˵һͬȥ
뿪У˫ʮһ̾
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ص·ϣ׿һ
ǲһˡ
ͷǰ⽫ңе飬Ϊ·գ׳ȴûи취Ǵδй顣
ʦʲô°ɡ
Щĵ
İɣġ
ҡͷʦӦڹִֵЩ꣬Ƕ̫ˣ˵ظûʦһɢɳʦʶһ㣬Ŭı档
Դ벻ʲô취̫
Ѿͷɫ΢΢ЦЦϾÿ˶ʦǰ˼ͨ͸ļƣ¼Ͼֻһ֪ʲô̶ȣʲô̶ȡ
һЦŵһʧ
ջĿ⣬֮ɫ΢΢
֮ʺŮҲôһֱûڵԭ򣬲ʮĹȫѾգʱһˡ
һ̣УڣһһǿϢ
أңʮδȫ޳ɣʱգ֪״γԣʼںʮ֮䡣
ʮ飬ѻ٣Ȼ֪˫ҷȻġ
ս䣬ҹ⻪֣¡¡̱١
֮󣬷𣬷˼ܻ֮ʱӳ֣֪֮黯
ǰδеľʮԻϣһҳҳɫֽųֱ֣ܻٵĸ顣
ظһλλ߸ܵ˵ϢϽɫ
ڴ
޳У¥עԶй⻪ԽԽ
ʮδܹȫ޳ɣ֪һδ߹ĴɹХ죬˼
һ̣ޱ񾳣߷ϣ֮΢𣬲ϵ¶ο֮ɫ
Ԥڿʼʵ֣
ȸ
֮ףźϵŮӣµ֮Ҫ֣ȥˡ
ȸĬú󣬹һתȥ
ʦ
ȸ뿪߷ϣ׹С߳ǰߣڵޱ򱱷ֳµʱѷ죬һΣаﳤ
֮ԣһ֪̾ˡ


1303 ڵ
ظڣʳ֮ϣ֮صƢ
ظʮһλλ߿ɫԽ𺳡
⣬УλϸܵԶĿ²ӰڿնӳԨ
ϿգλϿǰ΢΢һ
˿µϢѵҪ֤
ڳʧ֮ʱǰ׹ڿնϣϵĿעǰһĨɫ
Ϣλʮ̫ӡ
ѡȷġ
ʮҪͻƻʵ𣿡

񡣡
ҡͷʮ̫ӵΪʵһЩ룬Ȼ£ȴǻʵеϢûв´Ӧʮ̫˼ͻƣҲǼҲսʲôʣʮ̫ӵʵʵķԾ
ǰʮ±ʵͻƣѾԿʵ𡣡𺳵
Ĭúǰɡ
ĿУط⻪ۣʮ䡣
١ʧ˼ĸ֣ʮۣظؾ
ʱһһչȥʮ齥ʵʮҳɲᣬ̴
ڣϢԽǿʢ֮ϣƱãٳ֣Ƭ̺Ѹɢȥ
ϣڣֿϢ
תв֪̫ˡ
ڵƽĿעԶ˫⣬֪һߵǰ
һˡ
عǳһĽʼ֮ɫʮһʶһһһ˵õʮ̫ˣ
ôˣ
޵εǧ䴫Цʮ飬㣬Ҳˣ㻹ǰķɡ

ǳ̲ס˴ֿڣֱѡѡ
֪ʮʱظϿգɫ⼲۶УɫɵĺԽ޾ֱӳŵظ
һ̣ɫײ¡¡𶯣쳹ǡ
ظʮУиУĿȫʣ¶ɫ
˺£
ǰ߳ʣֿظϿյ
ɫɹƿն¡
ظڵһλλ߳Ŀ⿴ǰɢĵɫ쳣
ǻеϢ
ϣӰ£ɫ
еǰȥӦŮʮа˾Σˡ
鷳ǣڱչУ£ֻԼ
еŮΣգǰȥ
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ƽǰ¿һԶƬ̺ƽȥɡ
ͷµʵҲһչأȷʵõѡ
鷳ȻСһǰȥ̫ǿҺǳҲһȥεǰǧ
عǰδ̬ǳֱӱ˿дΪˬ
һ·Сġ
ףŽͬ߳λߣѵ
ס
ǧӦһ䣬Ŀ⿴ˣڵʱȣڱ㶯ɡ
š
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ͬʮǰ뿪ıӰϢĿ⿴תǺ棬ΣգԮ
תǰɫ£΢΢ף̤ȥ
ǿգ⼲۶ȥ
򽻽磬޴ĿռѺݺύ쳣
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Զ⼲ݵĿռǰͣΡ
﷢ʲôô
ǳǰ˵ľɫ𾪵
СһЩҪռС
ǧѵ
ףӰӳ·
ǿϣӰӹʶȫʱֵܳΣա
Χռ䲻ϱ٣ХǿΧʱƬ
ͻȻռֲŭ쳹ǿա
иУɫһһԪӿֿǿѹ
ʵ𣡡
˵ĳϮǧɫ΢䣬˼ѵлߴ
䣡
δΧռȻݣѸû֮
˲ϢϢʧռɡ
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ظڣչضգϢԽǿϿգÿһҳϣԿĹʮۣɶ컯
ʱһչȥϿգϼ⽥ɢȥع֮䡣
Ҫ𣡡
иУɫȥ
ͻȻʢ˲Ϣ󣬼Ѹٻָƽ
ڣ˫ǿѹϯ׷¡
Ͽգ£ʧ
ͬŵȥ
ǰǰˣ΢Цˣ
š
ͷĿ⿴յڵأ
ǰãеظ鷳ǰȥȣΪһں棬һΣգҲܼʱԮ
ԣüͷ壬ʦʵʵ֮º֣ʲôõʦ㲻òظ
˽̸֮ʱظϿգ⼲ٻع飬һѸٳʮ¡
ǰиУĿ⿴ʣͬʱԤС
ֻһ˻
ʣӰǰ֪ǰ
ǳˣ
ǰͣΣ
Ҫż˵

ѹеĽϸ򽻽з˵һ顣
ĵǰԣɫԽء
ʵϢĪŭ
Ӧò£ʵϢڣ֮˵֤õĹСףĿǰҲֻλߣ˵ǵŭ˲Ļʵ𣬻ߣĻʵǺߣŭ˺ܿܺ͵ԭʼħڻһ㣬޷ɳ졣侲
˼ǣµĴҪ˼磿ü
ܣԺС
شͬԭʼħΪ˽˼磬ķ˲֪ٵ£ɼͬҪͨѶȼ󡣡
µĴ磬İĻʵϢеǵ
ԷĹʱҲǲдϹħʱ̫֮£Ҳ޷жϣһˡ
һҪСģ´͸¶Ź죬ܻд鷳ѵ
ס
ףĿ⿴Զ޵ڶڵ£轣һá
һ·Сġ
У䣬Ǽ۶Х죬쳹ظ
л
̧սûٶൢ飬Ųһ̤ȥ


1304 ۻ
顢ޱ򽻽磬ĿռѺݺύ˾ġ
պ󣬿ռѺǰһĨɫ⼲۶°׷ɫֹˮ
עãʶţһǰȥ
ΧǿղݣռХء
ǰãͻȻһ춯صŭ𣬿ֲѹӣʱձ٣û֪֮
ռУӰʧǴһĨ΢ɲ
ռѺδ֪ʱգŭʱ𣬻ˡ
ڰ磬¡ǧ䡢ǳ˽ǰУԪӿʱ׼֡
̫ˣط
ǰѲ֪ãǳЩͣڵ
Ҫ⡣
һԣǧѵеŮϢʧҲǾµġ
顢ޱ֮䣬ǰûЩռѺۣеŮӦúһǱǵŭʱѷС侲
ǧͷ֮СһЩǣǵŭϢˣҲŻʵʵϣⲻһս
𣡡
˽̸䣬ԶֲŭǿƥϢƻأϴݻ;һС
¼״һǰħĩ֮Իħһն
¡Ϣײ½˰벽¾
ÿµϢ
ǧɫԽأôԶѹǲòȫֵɼŭ˺ǿ
»֣ħħӿѹӿѪ·ɣ뾡ҵеŮǿΣա
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ħǰеŮȾ죬սգȫ˲ˡ
𣡡
ħŭΧط򲻶ѹˣͷߡ
Ů𣬼סظܿԮǰеӵնط򣬿ڵ
ԶʱõĳŮһѳ֮Ӿʧʣƣ쳣
е߲ˣ߰ɣûбҪװڴˡŮǿش壬ԪһΧطɳƵ
ĪҪǺܿˣټһ¡
еӰӹǰ˫תƣ죬նǰħ
䣡
ն£ħһŭ𣬿񱩵ֱɢ⡣
ǰϯеŮ죬
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⣬еյ˫Ѫ䣬սգµĵ֮ཥ˳ųֵļޡ
ħ֪ƣ룬ˣ·ǿ˾
ߣ
Ůһ䣬˻ԪӿֵĿֲ
һѪȾޣŮѪ޶Ŀ
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ӿħɢе˫˲ɺ죬Ứתƣһն¡
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ħŭԽң޾ѹˡ
ৣ
Σһ̣Զһɫ⼲۶죬Ȼײħ
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ڰУǳĿעϿյİɫŹֵ
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еٴһ䣬һԵŮʱ˳ս֮⡣
˭
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ĩ֮иУħâԽңǿն¡
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⵽ʲô
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䣡
ͻȻؼ䣬壬Ѫɽףشħ֮
·ǧٳɣɽˮս֡
С֮Կɽˮ𶯣ֳ֮ס
սְ⣬סΣħӿѹơ
û°ɡ
Զǧ俪ʵ
ûд󰭡
»Ӧһ㣬ھ͵ͬ򣬲˿
ס
ǧףɫǰħ쳣
ֹҲ֪ôģ䣬ʵһ޴Ļ
ڵظ˫ִսħʱռѷУǰУʶͿ׷ѰϢ
ΧռХоһУµʱ˲
𣡡
ѰҲ֪ãŭٶȴɢʱգϯ
ֲоâҵˡ
УϤϢ֣΢ȴʵڡ
գʣһնֱǰ赲
ն䣬ʱձ٣һ˲ʧ
˲Ϣ졢ħսƣ°׷Ӱ߳һӹٵ
󷽣еǳ˿ǰˣɫһ
֪


1305 컯
ʱѷ죬졢ħս֪һն취
ս⣬𾪣˭ûϵ֪ڴˡ
»عСģǲ֮
ϣԣɫ
֮
𣡡
ħ˻𣬿ֲ޾طѹ£ƾ춯ء
ǰ̤ܿâ⣬һնХ졣
¡һκ˱ڶ˪ϯһһ
ನ֮УӰӹ˲ħ֮ǰֿ̧סħͷ­ɫӿ
̹֮ǣħ֮ۿɼٶȽ⣬ȼգħ
𣡡
ħ⣬Ԫһƺ춯ء
ҵ𣬰ħֱӱʮ⣬ѺݺύѪȾɫ档
ħʹŭط򼱾𵴣񱩶ҡ
һмЧһ̤ٶǰ
񽣻նֱնħط򣬽޾Ȼն䡣
նħѪɽħϣֲĽ۳֣׹ɭɭ
ħ˻طתɽħ֮Ѫľ⡣
״΢УƷתʢ֣˼䡣
ƪ֮ԻܣɲǼ䣬ط򼱾仯
ϣħ֮Ѫͣͣħʹŭ𣬰ϵֹͣ޸
ս⣬ǳɫΪ죬Ź˲Ϣ󣬿ֲļƿնȻײħ֮
壬ħ֮Ѫӿ֮ط򣬰ħչΪ
ʮ컯ش˫İħְ
֣սڣ²̤ӰӶĩ֮ħӿ
ħߡħ뽣ϣħУɫ⼲۶¡쳹ǿգħħ
˵һĻУħǰ޴Ļڳ֣Ѫӿꡣ
𣡡
ħشΣ֮ʣһ춯صŭ쳹ʱѷ죬ħѸٻһٶȻ
˵ľħȫʧǰ˫һĨǵĳޣëȻ
ħ֮ŵطͻȻ޾ѹ£ɱڳˡ
սģ¡ǧɫȫ£ͬ𣬽ɢſһС硣
ʱѺУСԻǿжԿ
ǳŮ͵ʦߡ
˵һ䣬񽣼ڣȫһնһ
ų֣¡¡𶯣նĴϣȻطԽ¡
֪ʱ䱦ǳҳɣشˣԶȥ
뿪СУλԽڵĬرΪ޾Ľϯҫ۽⣬Сն޵
ɫ˵ײ죬η塣
СУλһսҫ۶Ŀһ·գη⡣
һƬ죬޷ɳλңնһƬ졣ڵ
Ը
¡ǧӦһХڣϽնħ硣
𣡡
Уħ֣ʶأԽˡ
޾֣С粻ɢʴ硣
ؼ䣬ħŭԽԽ̶ǰ۰һ಻衣
СڣƣһŰɫƷɳ־֣Ȼ΢ȴɸС
Զ¡ǧܵСе־нɫ
־һأʵ˷˼
𣡡
Уŭ죬ֲѹȻʵʤ
ԪĲ࣬޿ֲСУɫŲܵ־塣
ʲôһ磬ֵꡣ
һ䣬ԪһƽɫͳС硣
ڣ־ħŭ޾ɫš
һ̣ϣһ˵Ľƿնǿлӿط
Ϊ˵ĶϾóƣδսȾ壬Ƕˣ
ŵİɫţȵ
ɫһı£ڿʼԷΧɢ
־棬·У⻪ɫŶԿħ־
죬СУҫĿǿĽϳΧ磬طն䡣
˼λߣһսٶ֣ԽĽΪȻûа־ɫ
֮սսʱӰڿնһսһֳᣬ߳С磬ħ硣
·¡ǧᣬһȣٶڡ
ҫ۶ĿĽ⣬ֱ죬ɢڰֱӡ
˫ƣУ߶һգӦ
ɲǼ䣬޾Ľ𣬿꣬׵ܣء
ͬ׹ħǧ̫Ͻ
⼫ɢν˲Σ綼֮
ĩƽ١
أر٣ǿУ֪Уչֲܡ
𣡡
ħ磬ŭ죬еһ㣬ӲŽʽ
УǿײƬ̣谭˲򷨡
䡢䡢䣡
춯صĴУħ粻ϱ㣬򾡻١
ٵһ̣ɫżţץһлɲ־
飬˳һɳһ
عԻɫſɴǿ
Уעǰ־ĳɳûгָ档
ͻȻڣнħİɫŲط򣬷е֪
κ˰Ĺƣطȫҡضˡ
Уɫû˿仯̧⻪ÿ
ʱزطѸˣ˲Ϣʧ
˵ܳɾ㣬ܻٵ㣬Ҫ޴飬´ΣҶĳͷͲô򵥡
䣬գ޾ӣǰɫŽռ䡣
ЩӰ£ǰˣڵ߰ɡ
¡ǧͷӰȥ
򽻽磬ռѷ⣬ӰԻɹ
ǰǳ߳¶ϲɫڷ¡
ˣصظ
˵һ䣬ǰȥ
ǳһ˸ϣһͬŵظȥ
պ󣬵ظϿգ˻ع飬С
ˡ
ظиУ
ǰǰŮڵʦ㡢ŮڴˣȬ¡
еŮͷûж˵չء
źˣתڵı
ˣʵ£
š
ףЩ̤ʵ˵˵


1306 
ӣһ·գԷԼů
㰡ǴҴҶҴҶȥ𣿡
ǰȥǰϵķ˪
Ϊǰ鷳ͣϢû뵽һڣǰٶꡣε
ԭʼħսͷ°ɡ
ɫ鷳£̫ˣܲģʵ㲻̫ǣȻ˼䱻ռ죬ܹȫԼ
¶һĨЦݣţˡ
ΪǴһ̫ƽʢϣħ֮˼ָƽ
ѩأϢЩӣһֱûüʣѩǸùĪҪ
ĬҡҡͷԴϴ뿪ҲûϢɹ֮ǰȥѰңȴʼһ񡣡
̾Ŀƹǰ޳п֮ɫǸѾͷһֱڵȴ
޳ƺиУ˫ȻһЦ
ڣջĿ⣬ǰˣɫ£Ҳǿ㣬ǣǧҪԼڡ
š
ͷף죬ҿҪ뿪һЩӣظĴС񣬾鷳Ϊˡ
Ҫ뿪ü
ħعԭʼħʱս٣ʮ֮ںܿȥұ뾡ѰҺʵĽش
ԣףµȷܵ飬ȥɣظ㲻صġ
㣬һ·ҿ㣬л
ǰһֱԼ߹Ůӣɫ
֣һǰԴˣҾͲҪôˣȥɣôãûü˵Ѿͷô꣬ҿŶЩġ
š
ףھ͹ȥ
˵꣬ûٶൢ飬ǰ޳ȥ
УǰԶȥıӰ̾һô˷Ĳ¡
޳ʱվڵǰɵģ
ȥߣЦ
áЦӦ
ظôʱ䣬ûĴɣ
˲ǰУʱϵӣרŮ͵ظķ羰
һЩҲһЩûпʵ˵
ȥɫº͵
룬ָָԶ޴ɽв޺

˳ǰߵĿȥЦΪ忪ٵĵؽ磬ȻȥǱȥ
ǰУ粢ż磬ŮսΣ欣ȴǼ֮˲¡
ŮԱߣ°׷ᣬȴǿµĺۼ
꣬ƵˣȥȴԽԽ
飬ı̫ණ
Űǰ޴Ѻ۳֣ס
ˡ
һ䣬
ؿһ·ȴ޷ȡ
߰ɣӦѾ֪ˡ
ǰӰ¡
ϣһͬϿȥ
Ͽ֮ףλϷԣǰ׹ϣϣղϣһϢȴǿ쳣
ʱһλ̽ӿ첽ǰʮ̫ˡ
롣ڵ
ǣ
̽ȥ
ʱ帹ǰӰһһŮɲŮò续߳ˡ
ϣ
λ峤񣬹
ضҾǹ
ЦӦһ䣬Ŀ⿴ϵĹڵò
ع⾰ʮµʵȻӽʵʵš̾
ЦЦΪͬˣʱգ֤ûʵλǲܡ
ˡ
̾벽ʵ֮ޣĻԵ򣬴дʮ£㲻ͬ²أֵﶦʢֻҪ˳ȥȻλлʵλ³Ƴ
йԣһգ´Ӧ飬ȻʳԡӦ
µŵù
ɫһ£ʣ¼ȻˣỹҪһ䣬µʥֻǷѾ٣
š
ͷ¶ǸǸֻǰߴսʱȥûܱùʥ֮
¹ֲõ¡
ֻֻ̾Ȼܲ˻߼ĴսʵѳԽĽޣ˼Ѻѳܵµ
ʶԨ֪Ƿʲôʺѯʵ
֮סǳػģзѼϣֻߣ֮٣ҪѲٹ򡣡ƽ
ԣɫ˵طȫǳѼ֮أѰҲ˵
˽̸ʱһԣĿؿŹ帹أû˵̸
СǺ棬Ĵߣûôأ㿴ע⵽ʮ̫ߵعŮӣ¶
лǰЦ
ԼĴߣҴ㣿ʵ
šӦ
ͷҪ㱻
ϵǰҡҡͷϣض࣬λԼתתɡ
ɫһȻʧЦѾͷεԼתһתתٻ
á
չһЦǰȥ
׹ǰŰԶȥıӰɫʼմº͵Ц⡣
ºСڵ
İΣʤҵ
ع㣬ţһ䲻ĻϣĪҪ֡ɳƵ
޷ƽ
Ȼлʵ֮ʣǣλСǱڵ֮ϣ£䲻˵
һ䣬Уλнһ˵Щʲô
ЦЦû⣬ǵһ˵仰ˣҲһˣ֪ô𣿡
ڵ£ǵġ
ƽ̫ϻˣϻ۵˼ɵȻͶ˵£ҪЩԱֶΣԣܶط»ǲҪΪá
һǲܻӭ
ԳһЦģֻҪ岻壬ұ㲻Թ֣ͬҲǡ
лӦ
պͰ߳ŵظʮķȥ
ʲôֵĶ𣿡ʵ
кöֵĶش
˵һ˵ʵ
л˵Ĺͷлɵʯͷ֣ţгֱ۵ĴЦ
ȥ׹ǾۼʯѻεضǿƥϢգѹֱƻʵ
Ѿͷÿµħʮӡ׹ÿڣ
ӣòʯѻɵľӦ
ֻ£ʤ˵
ѵʱδ˯ɡ׹ϣڣƽ


1307 
ظ޳ǰӰһʱ䣬֮졣
͵ͺá
ͣӣ֪㻹Ҫȥɡ
ͷǸһЦ´һ㼸졣
š
ȻһЦȥɡ
ףûٵ飬תȥ
Ϣ֮ϣӰԶȥعգٶ뿪
޳ǰǰԶȥıӰһĨ΢ɲȻ
ޱ򣬰ɫ⼲۶һţʧ
δ֪ǣηӿŴǱˮǣ죬׳֮𺳡
һգϿգ°׷Ӱ֣Ƭֱ̣ӳ·
ﺣ֮ףֲѹ˷ӿ⻪ƣʱϺˮѹ
ʶɨѰҴ˵еĸ
һգڴѰÿһ纣
պ󣬺ƽϣӰƺǿȥ
ǿӰٴУһǰٶͣ£Ŀעǰǣ˻һȭǰǡ
䣡
˼һˣǿƥֱǰǣ¡¡УϣһѺ۳֣ݺύŴǡ
ӰӹûѺʧ
պӰӳûжٶȥ
ǿУҹ֪ÿһŴǵõԼҪĶѸȥƬ̲Ը顣
һºһԭʼϿգӰ׶ȽϢĴǡ
ϣɽԾҽӿգΪ
˵ľ䣬ӰлڣɽϿգͣһۣû˿ɣֱС
ɽɫ׷ӿ֮¶ȿȽ󺣡
ػҽУٳȥת۵Ĺǧ֮⡣
Ϊ񽣣֪أһһۻϡ
պ󣬵ػҽУӰٶǿա
ʱ䣬ϱһһŴǼ䣬ΪѰĴָϣʱҪѰʮŴǲջ
Ҫˣ̶ʮµʱ䣬߹ٿŴǣִĴҲʮš
ɳҪð
ϣС«֣ʵ
ʮµĹС«һЩԭʼϣĵرʮַḻȫС«
ˡ
Ӧһ䣬ǰȥ
ǰĴǣܲ˿Ϣǰֱͣһȭǰǡ
춯صĴУǴѣ̧֣ر֮ĵز㣬һɫû֪С
ϣС«һǰĴǣʱûȤ
۶գõɲԳɽɫ٣ӰԶȥ
ޱ߽磬ǧǧ򣬵ȥǰ·
Ӱ˿ûֱͣײһһǣǰжȥ
ҡһԭʼǰͣ¡
Ƭ̣Ӱǰǡ
ӿĵػڣУʶͿѰϡ
֪ȫѰʱԭʼħ򣬰ᣬͨͨ
ʮ֮ԼδԭʼħǰΪĴս׼
һ弸ɱ峹ռ죬Ϊݵء
ħǰĿԶսģս֡
սʿڵ壬սʮ̫꣬ˡ
ޡ
ϣħӿħǰħս񣬿ڵʱһ̳ޱ򡣡
ǣ
޹
ޱ򣬵ظŴӺܱɫ΢
ԭʼħļôѾʼ
֪ҪòŻ
ڣ񾳸Ŀȸڣ
˴Ҫ̫Ѱʱڣ¸ϲӦ
ԭʼħܻܿǰ֪Ƿܼʱϻأظ񡣡ȸɫص
ԣĬʱûиҪѡ񣬲֪ûʶǿΪ֮
Ὠ飬ظսұâϾظڵʵԭʼħвСĲࡣȸɫ
ҿһ¡̾
ظʱ̣ɲɣ֪ȴûڵظ䣬ȫѰġ
ʱţתʮ¹ȥҡһ󸲸ǵĴϣӰ𣬰׷裬߬һƴɫֱۼ⡣
ڹˡ
һգɢֱϺĿ⿴ǰڵ
䣬һһ죬˫ء
ʼɡƽ
š
Ӧζ
һ̣ؼ䣬ֽ̥ϳ֣ƣûϡ
İϣ˫֣Ϊ¯


1308 ս
ҡδ֪ǣηӿֱ졣
Ͽգ֪죬
˫֮ǰĸǺ𡢻ѪͭĶĳ£֪߱ޱҡѰ֪ٿŴǣڼģʼ
󺣣ɫɫĻ˫أġ
У̥Σ֣ס
˫֣񽣡
ʱһһչȥڣ̥תϼתԽǿ
һʮ£ͽɽ̥
ʮʱ䣬˫ȫ߶𣬴ԡ
һʮº󣬽̥ɣ֮ϣӿӣա
δɣ׽֣У׵쳹ʡ
·״Ӱڿն˫ֽӡӡȪӡա
ɲǼ䣬֮䣬ϣڱ
䣡
£ռŭףԽ١
ϣӰٶ£һ۲Զķƽɡ
ͷһ桢ӿȣƸǿ֡
أڶʮ¹ȥʮ֮䣬ϣת䣬ѩ׷ɣ󶼽ϱ
Ͽգ˫նǰͽؼ
̥֮ϣȼֳΡ
֣˫м䣬˫֣ˡħ֮Ѫͬʱɳû˫
һԣͬʱǰָѪ
ʱţУѪħѪѪ
ʮ½˫Ϣ̶ͬѪ뽣УΡ
תʱȥϿգϢԽˣ롣
䣡
֮ϣиУ£ֱƿ赲û
ǰ˫񽣣ûг
񽣽ɣȴȱطľ٣úʡ
ĸʮ£׽ٶͽǧǧϴڽ
֮ϣ׹ҫ۶Ŀ
񽣽쿼֮ʱʮħΣֱӱޱ
սѹ֣ޱٴУظʮһλλߴӱչ߳׼ӭС
ûʱˣ޷ѡ𣿡
ȸǰŮӣڵ
ǰʣã̾ˣ
ظѪǣЩͬ
󷽣ȸǰŮӵľûж˵ʲôΣеʱ򲢲ҪҪҪϡ
ܶʱûоԵı׼
ظʮУȫĬ
ƽս
޵ھŵµصظ֮С
һ䣬һ
תս
޵ʮ𣬴ÿС
εս
˫֮޵ǧҲ˳֣ص
ս޵һǳɫֱ䣬Щһﶼ
ˣɡ
عս
ǳҧгݵر̬
еǰһսѡսȴ
ս
һ̣޵Ҳеļᶨ
ظʦһִ죬ؿŵظ١
ظʮ˱̬սظУնʱ΢
ü壬ڵĵظħʵ̫⣬ݱܷâõѡ
ظԲܷɢ򣬶ᱻơ
ףųϵķúһ̾ȻҪսǱսɡ
ս꿪ڣ̬
̬̩ɽսҪսս
ȾһĨĻȣս
ظ֮Уȫ̬ħӿŮеչδ֪δ飬
ǰŵظڵһս֮ĲϷӿ
ظΣ֣ҡδ֪ǣ뿪ظص֪ϣȫעȴ̡֮
ϣϯ죬ڿǰ춯ء
׽ٽԽˡ
ʮ¶ͽʮ´㽣ʮʮ³ɽҹҹ˫ս
֮׽ķ񽣽ɣŭ
Ʊ仯ɺת죬Ѫ޴ĿϢѪɫȻ£ƬվȾޡ
·ͬʱսɲǣֲĽⱬֱ졣
˫ӽƺ죬˵һĻ֣Ͽգֱӱն޴Ѻ۳֣ɢûơ
˫֮䣬񽣳ħâδ
ȥˡ
ʧ֣ħ棬һ۲Զķڵ
š
ͷɢؼ䣬޴ķӰԻչᣬ
ɣ֪ع飬Խ򣬼ٸظ


1309 ս
ޱħѹʮħǿն֮𺳸
ħǰս¡¡ټսϣħ쳣
ټսǰĹսϣħս޾벽ʵѹ˾ˣصΧǿնŤ
ظž޴ĺǼ䣬ظʮԭʼϣȫսձüΪš
ʮ޽ԭʼħУλħҹܻѰҵظټ
λ֣޾طѰһ˿ۼ
ҵˡ
ܻգһħоÿʧظȻڸ
Զħ۾ڵ̽귢ޡ

һħʳһˣһ֮
ħԣüͷ壬֣߱ضҲ֣²ס
㲻صġ
һħʵбڣǲҡ
ħ죬ֳҪǰ죿

һħɫսʱ̿ҪˣҲһ졣
ħɫ£ֳԳս಻Զˡ
ޱ򣬵ظܣħӿħУħظ˷ŰΧ
ǰֳַ߳𣬺ɫħǹ𺳡
ҵĲס
޳˵һ䣬ȫһħǹƿն
ħȻײϵظϿյʱǿնʼҡ
ֲħ£ظϿգֲ֮ף·ʱ١
ظʮǰһλλӰȥ
ŵޣڰ޳ظսħ١
ǿϣʮһλնڣ춯ء
ԭǻǿʵ
޿ǰʮһλߣ
ظУǰһħӿĩ֮Ի
ǲˣһһ¿ڵ

˵һ䣬ĿɨΧħ˳֮⡣
ظǰֹ̧֣ͬǧǰԽսΪظȡһ
ħħս񣬹ϵظһսսδսѱѹ
ǹâ𣬽ħ֮սɲǿ
ĿǹӦ棬Ӱ档
ϼˣݣħսǹаԵл޾
ƽȵХݣħ嫣ͬˡ
潻棬ħսѧԣ档
ʮУһħڣ֣屶
ɨ߰Ե˲޾ǿա
ǰ»ӽУֻڱѣѪ
սֱ仯ƽȵȴ˿ˣΧƮ㣬ΪʮԻ
ڤӳ֣ϢͬһնǿƻС
¡һײսַֿ
˫սԶħһռĴϣħӿħһ߳
һħ˼䣬ɲǼ䣬иУעȫȥ
ħȻôͻָΪˣ
ս𣬱㡣
һħʸܵʵĿ⣬
ޱʿ֮Сɫ£ǿѹֵĳ嶯ʱѡ񾲹䡣
ظ˫ս֣ս죬սδ޷ƿӿ
սְ⣬ħΧظ󷽣ħԽԽ࣬ƺƵ޾
͵Ķ֣ϧ㣡
սУ޳˵һ䣬֣˫ħ춯صħɢûս
¼״ĩָ֮أħϢӿວ֮
˫нʤҪֶʱϣѹ£ħƾδһһ·ս֡
ͻı仯ڳɫһҪԮ
Σʱ̣Զ£Ӧһ˲һħ֮ơ
ڻǳˡ
ħɫ£ֽգɱ
Ԥ׵ɲǣħһȭǿա
ģӽ޾Ӳħ
֪
֪ع飬ս⣬һλλߴлعϽϲɫ
óǿ״̬Ψһ
ħ˵һ䣬Ʒתһſħƾշɳ
ؼ䣬߿ħת죬ѹڳ
Ը㣬ڱ㹻ˡ
Ӧһ䣬ն£졣
ǰħֵ̧½ħԪ˻ǿƻС
ǿռ䣬״̤沽á
ħƣ·ħһӳϡ
˵һսսսȫȻ
УҫϹ⣬ٵħ
¡
ӰʮɣɫȴȻ仯
ž֣컯Իʮط֮仯


1310 ʵ
ظϿգħѹħս춯ء
𾪣Σ̣֮ԶХ죬֪ʱϻء
ǿǰҴ⣬ƷתԻ
鿪ؼ䣬Ʊã
컯飡
ħʼ״΢΢һ˼侹ȫʮ飡
ʮۣ컯ҫĿʵġ
ħɫ£һħԪӿȣ߿ħƣֲ¶ӣΧеˮȫ
ٶħлߣУȷˡ
񽣳ַâĿ԰ٿŴǵǺ𣬰ɽˡ
ױ䡣
ףսؼ䣬ڣˡ
ƽħɫ΢ֵ̧ħԪ緭ӿ
¡𣬽ħƵ˵ĳսΧȫ
սģħȭǿƻС
컯ǰӲħ
ħ⻪ʢȥ߹ơ
һֹƽɫ񳯣塣
¡¡𶯣쳹ǿգߣһսȫӰϽսȡ
Ǻ񽣣᲻ɴݣȻʵ׻ȥ
սģħսн仯Ī⣬ɱ಻
򵥶ĽɱˣٶϽ⣬ǿֲΪĲࡣ
ħߣΪͶ㣬ͬŻ֮
˼սԽ췥ɣȫȻĴսʤֻڵϦ֮䡣
ˡħս֮ʣޱ塢ħλʵңţͬ쳣
һħһǿʲеעȫλħϡ
ϹʮħΨһʱĿֲڣϹɾǿߣʵ޿ɲȣ֮䣬ժǳսħǿ߱ϹʱǾԵǿߡ
ǿߣȻûо񣬵ظΣΨ֪Լ
һħնܣħӿڱξǳ
ǿħһˣ¡
ظĿһսħһ¡
֣֪һ޾ڣ׵ĽΪͻ˼ƣԼ䣬ʵݡ
һնط򼱾٣ԳһĽڴսвƣϳɳ
췥֮ս·֪һдգǿǰΨбøǿܻȥ
ؼ֤һһʽǧ
սʮħϸңǿգһ֪ܱʮħ᳹ɨƽظ
ʧ֮սһսԽң񽣡飬һһأȱ˼ǿ߷ɡ
ԭʼħ֮ʱøǿˣ
սʮУռϷ磬ħɫԽ
ϧħȴ粽δ
ƽһ䣬תƣɫ˼䡣
ѩʱ飡
һתƣѩƮ㣬޾ĺɢȵ˼ħ
ѩǧ
žʽ֣ӽѩƮ˼ǧ
ѩ硢ħɼ˵ײʱػãع硣

ྡྷɢսУӰͬʱ졣
ħ̧֣ȥѪĿ⿴ϴĿ죬ϣٶܵ
߬ڣǵָĦħ˫Ϊڰһ˿۰ס
߶ŭħԳʶ
𣡡
һ̣ؼ䣬һŭǿնʼҡ
ħأֲħԪХڣѹǿÿ䡣

ս⣬һλλɫһ䣬Ŀ⿴ǰħзΡ
ǿƥħʤǰħǿŤǹⶼɴ
֮սնʱٶȺˣԸ
ɾħǰ°׷֪նĿעǰɾħɫû̫仯
˵ħħ;ħȻǿ˿ѷ
գҽնħ˵
˵һ䣬ὣǰһȣʧûڡ
죬֪ȫʮ鼱ٷ¼䣬С
֮ʼΪգ컯˼䣬ǿѧع鱾Դӡ֤
󣬻СԻġ
سδ֣ͻȻУһۣ֪֮ԽΪʼ
˲ϢС磬̧ס񽣣һϢ
̫һ
һնٵһƿֲޱȣ·޼᲻ݡ
磬ƿն𺳵ĿУ񽣷âնʱգֱӽħնϡ
Ѫӿ죬޿ݵһĻҵħУħ°룬ħѸɢȥ
ս⣬ߣʮħȫ𾪣ǰһĻ
һһħʾȻˡ
ȿȣ
ħʿоҿԣѪħӿǿס°Ҫ޸ħ
Ȼ֮䣬Ϣƣ޿Ĩǿֹħ߻ָơ
𾪵Ľδ֮ʣӰӳɱ֣ħؾ
ħӺݺһһ˲ħϣһɲħԪӿΪǿһǿƷˡ
ͻ仯һƼʱɳȥ
⣬סΣħԪ壬һʱơ
ħʼ״ϣһȭ𣬺ǰš

ȭһƺߣѪ
ɣ
һȭǰߣħʹΪֹԪƣ֪顣
Σһ̣ǰһ޴ӳ֣Ȼһ
ˣ
ħ£𵴣絴˲䷴ڳˡ
˵ħֻ˫ʹʶһģ
Զʮħͬܲǧټǵħ忪ѳ֮
սģ֪ף˽ܵѪȾǿա
Ȼ£ڻħͬɢƵĹٶȻָ
ߣʹ࣬һնħ
ħ̧֣ץס棬֮նħƤѪȾ񽣡
ƣħһȭٶȷˡ
ȭܣͬǿޱȵһȭӭȥ
¡ң˹潻棬ֻˡħ˫۱۹顣
ҵһսѪȾǿգ֣֮п顣
ʹħٶŤס񽣵²ɿ
ۣ£ͬľʹ࣬ȴֶ֪ݡ
񽣷âβ˷һնٶħһۡ
ĲбۣѪ죬ħʿһʹ˻˫һ¶Ŀ־塣
壬ǰ֮ʳħʣȪ֮£ĪҪǧǧ޹
䣬񽣷âӹħͷ­𣬿˼һۣʡ־塭
ɱ꣬һ
ǿУתŵظ


1311 ħ
ظϿգս֮ĿǴ꣬һſŴǱ٣ʯɢǿÿ䡣
ħս̧֣ħӿû߲Իʵ֮ħˡ
ǿϣظӰӳϢ󣬳ħ֮С
ħ䣬ʮħֻţһʱ䣬Եֵظĳ
ˣ
ܾѶ޵ϣ˱
´ħѸٳ룬ս¡¡Զȥ
һֱעսһħɫƽȻսû̫ನ
ףڣʮʵ˽ˡ
ǿϧȴҲֻǺǿˡ
һ̣УһħӰʧǿȥ
ޱ򣬵ظϿգħƷӿħδֲѹȻ١
·ظиУĿ⿴ʣн¶֮ɫ
Ϣ
ÿµħԶǰħʣһĴڡ
һ
ϣԶ£λħڻˣ
£ߣ
µĵ˽һۺֿѣɫص
Сġ
ջĿ⣬һ䣬ûжൢ飬ظȥ
뿪ظϿգֻʣ֪һˣعء
ǿϣħԽԽأؽѹֵԴϢ
Ϊȡʱ䣬˫ſ෴ķԶȥ
뿪
У֪
׹ϣԣɳƵס
ǿգչᣬԶȥ˲Ϣ֮䣬ʧ
ޱϿգħƷԽԽأħƬǿնû谵
ϹŻʱǿߣ򷨵ĽգǲսʤĴڣԽʵ𣬴ﵽȫµĲΡ
ǿռ䣬˼۶һһŴԶȥԽʱգٶԽԽ졣
׼ӵ
ħУϵħϯһư¡
׵ħǿմ٣ػı棬ѺݺύȻ顣
·߳Ϲʢһնħơ
¡¡쳹ǿգħѵֱ齣⣬
µħԽ˼лʵǿ𾪡
Σʱ̣ӿ˲黯֣ܿһơ
ħƴԶһŴǺȻըʯ׷ɣѸٻΪҳ
ǿϣħϯһħӰħʮء
⣬Ӱʵȥ»ָ
һܽ˾ߣǧǵһˡһħעǰħʮӣ
ħʹ
ƽӦһ䣬תƣâ¡
֮սħһǿľɫһȣӰӳ
䣡
ն䣬磬һħ̧֣Ȼһ¼֮
裬һħƸߣħ𵴣Ȼǰ֪
ħ죬Ӱ˳ս֣֮Ѫ䡣
žһսδָħһľơ
Ｋ𣿡һħ
ʮ⣬סΣδǰһħӰһĳϢɶ
һһصɱħۻޱȣὣһ

Ʋ˼Ѷת򽣳
֣򽣳УҫĿ˫
˲Ϣƿնǿգնǰħ
һħߣ̧ħ򽣡
ɺħǿѶҡħ֮
һֹһħӰٶǿƥһȻӡ֪֮

һƺߣǣѪ֮´
ϼ֪һսȴɸ߰Ų̤תм٣籼׳
졢졢죬ش岻֧ıսԿǿս֡
ţ
һħü˫ֿϣһһعơ
ʱ𣿡
սʮУһħɫһ䣬ħԪ񱩶ױȵħǿ𿪽֮
սˣһֵ۷壬һشΪľԲ࣬ͲƽսԽб
⣬ͣΣս֣֮Ѫ䣬Ⱦ񽣡
ػ壬ϧزסԼ
һħһǰħӿħ´档
⡣
ħ֮ǰһ̾鼱ٷתʮ⻪ʢȫӿ֮
н֣ؼ䣬ǿѸٱ⣬ǳֹͣת
ֲδȻҡ
ǿҵΣϮһħɫ£Ŀ⿴ǰˣٳɣӰӳȷˡ
֮Уħһ̣ǿУʢһϵӰ߳ɿݵ̧𣬺Ȼħơ
֪ߣｻǡ
䣬ǰʿֳֳȣɫƽ˿
ϣѹתĽУĿ⿴ǰλߣ΢
ǵʱ߰ɣδܳ
ʿף¶΢ЦȻ֮Եô쳣
ս֣֮ħУսַֿ֮һۺ֪ɳƵ߰ɣֻţϣӽµ֮볤ˣܼ֤µ֣֮Ѻ㡣
˵֮꣬ûٶԣӰӳ赲ħ

һħɫ£ħԪۣһȭʮǿա
ħǿվ٣֮ûãħС
Ѫ£ƥеħǿ֮ྡ⡣
Ҫǵ׷ѣߣ
ʿԪʵһƽشѳֵ֪ͳս֣Ӱӳħ֮ս
λʵ֣սݰȣֲĻ𵴣ǿվҡ
λʵսǳϱԳֲѸٻΪ
λʵ֣һħ˿·磬Ͷ㣬޾
ǿħһжǿѹߡ
սģʿ֮һۣԿ˶ԸеľµʱƶߣʱΪһˡ
ȣ
һ̣ǿУλⱼڣתʱ⣬ֶ̬֮
ȼط壬Ѹٻָᣬɿݵѽñ
벻кѲսһա
ʿЦһһսڣѪȼҫ۶Ŀ
սɣҪԼź
֮˵һ䣬׿ʲΨǲɣ˫µķ˪
һϹ֣գүһµɣ
ʿЦӰӳٿս֡
Զ֮Ӱͬӳħ
֮ս⣬ͳսֵ֪ǿͣΣĿ⿴Զľսɫ¡
ʱԶսֲ֣ĴըǿձϢͬʱʧ
λǰ



1312 ȫս
ޱ򣬿µĴըǿպȻûΧһС
ħһսλսʱ̣Ա壬ѡħͬھ
Ȼպ󣬱ٵǿУħٶȻۣһħ߳ħӿǿƥ
ħϣսױѣѪλһȻħҲ
ħϢ֣⣬ۣĿ⿴Զɫ΢
Ȼһħʻǻ
עƬ̣ûٶ˫ſȥ
Զǿϣһħħӿǿѹơ
һλףλߣֵˡ
Ϣǿռ䣬ħɢһħӰʧޱȥ
ħ뿪ħ֮սʱһ䣬ޱ򣬵һƬꡣ
պ󣬵ظϿգĿעǰظʮԳĬ
ְɡ
ǰƽ˵
ǣ
󷽣Ӱǰظ
պž޴Ǽ䣬ԭʼ¡¡𶯣ԭĹƫ룬жȥ
֮ظǣԽ򣬳ңԶĵؽȥ
ǰ°׷֪նǰ·
ظǨ㣬һºδ֪ؽ磬ԭʼû룬ʧ
񾳣ԭʼǳ֣ϣͣ
ˡ
ƽ˵һ䣬ĿעԶڶมĸ߷壬ȣǰжȥ
߷ϣȸ£Ĭԡ
ǰһϸ߷塣
ˡ
ȸڣƽ
λã̫ˡ
ߵǰԶ˼䣬̾
ߴʤܣͬʦǧһ㡣ȸɫȻ
Ĭٴһ֪̾仹Ҫˣƽ
ʱˡ
䣬ȸ̧𣬶ʱ֮ϣһöɫӡ˵ѹɫ䡣
ޱʥӡ
΢΢һ٣ޱ֮
ӽ֮֮ȸڵ
̧֣ϣޱʥӡ£ûС
֮ع飬߷ܣһϣиУ
񣬹ӭ֮
ɡ
߷ϣڣɫָƽ
лӦ
ϣХ죬Σ߷֮ϡ

С׹
ʣض񡣡
ǰԷǰ»ʣ
ЩҪѯʡС׿ڵ
޷ƽ
ǷļḸʣСɫ

ͷʴĹУҼϴһ棬Ӣˣ
Сԣ¶˼֮ɫлᣬһħ
ǻӮ𣿡С׸п
ᡣ
϶۸εȴۡ
λʵǿһ̸ֱʱ췱ҫ߷֮ʣСסȸȥֱĸ߷ϣΨʣ֪һˡ
ĸ߷壬΢΢ԡ
߷壬˺䣬Ŀ⿴ǰ˼䣬һվʱ
ôˣϰ𣿡
߷ǰǰӣ
תˣ¶΢Ц֮ɫϰߡ
ǰվһԣ˼صֻʱˡ
˼ĻʵսֻʣˣС壬޷нޱ֮λȻԸ⣬ǣλֻ
վڸ߷ǰĿע˼ϲŭ֣ɫʼƽ޲

ãǰڵ

ָ̧֣򣬻ش
˳ǰָķȥԶħƣڱһ
ؽ磬ȴΪħ򡣡̾
վһգָƽԭһС⣬
Ĭûٶ˵ʲôֻǾǰߣŸߴĺ䡣
ĸºޱħӿᣬʥ֮ۻʣ֮ҡǳ

֮ǰһϵħ߳
һ£Σޱȥ
ƺƵľħգ˼ħٵħ塣
ޱ񾳣עԶͬ
£Уǧǧ򸡵ϣһλλ
塢ħ棬ԴԴϼᣬƽȣսһ
ǰڻʴѹϯʮء
յĴս塢ħеĿⶼ򽻽紦ɫ쳣
һ죬ڻˣ


1313 
ޱ򽻽磬塢ħᣬ԰򣬺ƺƵݣ𺳾
ǰʵ٣ޱȵѹϯʮأ롣
ս·ݣ۱գ塢ħ㾡еı׼һս
ۻʣ
ħǰһħʿڣȥкɡ
ǣ
ۻһǰڣҫ۶Ŀ
ʣ㡣
ǰͬڣ
ǣ
Сǰȥ
»ʣǣ벻徹һ˵壬ɱ
֮䣬ۻʿǰ»ʣ
СûлӦգʽΣΪһ׽ӳĳǹ£𺳡
ۻʼ״ɫ£֮ʵʽ
գ֮Ѫǧ꣡
һսСӰӳХ죬
ȣ
ۻ̤ʤۼԻԷ˼䡣
䣡
ǹƿգȻһײԷֲĳݿ֮ƣ죬𺳡
߽棬ನأսģһſֱӻһʧ
ǰһħͬʱ֣ѩħӿ´սನ
壬Ȼһµ壬»֤þȻܺۻսƽɫ
һħʥ֮ڣɫ΢
ǡ
֮䵭ĮһЦۻһֻڹǵ֮ˣǹַͬ壬Ϊ顣
ɷϣۻʵʵλ»սƽ֣ȷ˲С
ʡ
һħɫǰڴˣɵ֣λ̫ˡ
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ظ֮¾һΪʵԶ
Աߣն˼һǿͬ˼۷壬ʵֻ벽
һߣҹҶͬ벽ʵѹˡ
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ʥҲȥкɡ
ħǰһħٶ
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ʥ֮ȣǰ
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룡
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һ̣սɱ졣
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䣡
һҵײʥֵ̧˹ƣĿ⿴ǰߣɫ΢ڵ
½
ħԭ
ߣħϯħء
ʥɫӲƣƬ̵飬ٶȰȫ˳
ڤ֮
ʥɫԽ䣬Ŀ⿴һߵҹأʲôƣ
ûУеֻһЩҵı°ˡ
䣬ҹӰ黯ƾʧ
ҹ֮ѧ
ʥʶɢȴǲǰϢ
Ƭ̺ǿռ䣬ӿƿն£նǰߡ
ʥ̧֣µһعơ
ȥ෵
Уҹصתƣɱ޾
ʥ̤ӰܿɱĿ⿴ΧɫԽء
Ķ֣ҹ֮鴫
ˣѷѰߣ˵һ˻û̫в֮£ȻҲҴ⡣
ѹħʮӸħȴ֮ʣĵơ
ħǰһħʿǰ뽹Ƶս֣ɫͬ¡
ʮӣԽĿ࿴ˡ
֮
һħʿڣˡ
ȴˡ
Ӧһ䣬һ̤ǰս֡
ħλ߳ǿƥĻ٣ǰǰ°׷Ӱнɫ
ҪôӦأ
ȴޱԼѾûеλսʵǿߡ
ԭʼħһλǿһħʣ
û𣿡
һ̣ǰ˫һĨʱ䣬ûˡ


1314 ڷ
ɾǰں潻֯УӰ߳
עƬ̣֮С
ٶȣɾڣڣȴƳԽؽ޵ķ˼١
˲ϢĹɾ޴ɽǰͣգ˷ӿһѪɫƾն֡
Ѫͭ˼䣬һնɽ¡¡Ӧֿ
ֽֿɽУһƣǿ
ɽڣһסиУ̧ͷˣƣһĨ𾪡
ô죡
ϴ뿪񲻹ʮأѵѾ̤ʵ
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ӿǰƵĺɫ棬ڣˣ
Ƿ֮ˣ
ɳƵ
ڷò
ǰͽƽ
ԭ֪֮ݣô꣬һֱƭᡣڷŭ֮ɫ
ҵȷ֪ݣڷͽش
ѵõҪһУʲôڷɫ£
ճŵȥ
ڷԣɫһŵؿǰߣΪʲô
ӼȻ֪ݣΪʲôҪȥ
Ӧһڱȥƽ
ʲôڷ
ԭʼħԡ
ڷƣɫԭʼħˣ˭ĸķӡ
塣
شô˵ħӦòûʲô𣬽գֻҪԭʼħ֣ұ⿪ӡ
ڷĬƬ̧̺ͷĿ⿴ǰߣãġ
ڷģؼ䣬֣ؼ֤κΥ
ǰȴڷģǰѪɫԽҫۡ
ն£Ȼһҡϯӡߡ
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ʱյķ˲Ϣ󣬷֣񽣻ӹһնϡ
飡
ػһӦϣطӡĺڷϢҲһ֡
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飡
ݺύϿգն£ڶϿںڷϵһ֡
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ٴ룬ڷ֮ɫϢӿɫӿʣµһӦ飬ϯ춯ء
ɲǼ䣬ɾϿգһ״·ڷ

ڷ̧ͷŭһ񱩵ĺֱɢƣ֮ܣ𾪾塣
ϣؿǰĺڷɫʼƽˮ
·ڷĿƹϵĺӰһ̤Ӱ˲ʧ
УĿڷ֣ǰ֪
˷һնӲС
¡
Уҵڡ𵴣֮ƣ𺳡
ŭй𣿡
ߣӽս֣Ŀ⿴ǰڷƽ
ڷ˫ȭգһӿĺ潥ƽϢԼԣȡ
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ħǰһħиУĿ⿴Ϯķɫһ
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潻֣һħȴû˿˷ܣһ˿ԤС
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ȲӦսУ֮׶ܴ
ǰǰսɫרע쳣
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ǰڷն֮ϣ˴ĿѪˮ¡


1315 һ֪
ޱ򽻽磬ʵսֲನƵǿն֮ҡ
塢ħȫսʵԳÿһսʤпܾսֵ
ս֮ڷＤսԮʵǣڳ֮ġ
ǰɢȥսನĿƬ̲עǰڷ֮սרע쳣
ħǰһħͬעƻ֮һսв⡣
ڷʵ۷ʱѷɫ٣ҲǽӽʮħĴڣ٣ȴŶʵʵ
һս֮޷ʱӦڷսʽпܻսܡ
ĿһսսУ֮ؿѪ£Ⱦսס
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ǿϣɫ𲻶ӣһĻ棬޿ײ룬˷ʤ
ķȴ֮棬ԽȻ෴صҲͬ
ֲ̧Ѫɫƣǿѹơ
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ĻʵѾ˲̫ʧˡ
ڷ￴ǰ֮Ц
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ǰܵǰ֮Ŀ⣬ɫƽûʲô仯
ǿǰսУѸ񣬷ԪӰӳ
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ȭǰУܿȭµննǡ
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⣬ڷ￴Լܴ֣üͷ塣
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һ̣Χأ״޾ĺӿΪʣĩһľ
·ڷӰ𣬱󣬺ƣΪ˫Ի
ֵĸڷϢڣԼ䣬Ϲ
ħǰһħʼ״ɫ΢䣬ڻħӿ׼֡
ǰ֣ҫ컯֣ͬ׼֡
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âȫ뵶Уʱ죬ڰ硣
ڤ֮
ڷ﷭ƣӿĺУһž޴ӳ֣ڤ￪ۣ˼ĩա
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·ڤ֮ͬشѪϼˡ
˵ս֣ڷ֮ͬʱܴѪȾϢ쳣
ħǰһħһٵȴӰӳԲս
ΪսԳ֣̫͹ˡ
ħ׳ս̱仯ؼ䣬ħӿݿ֮ƣ˺ơ
ڷ״ɫһĿ⿴ǰħ¡
һϼһﲻʱʵƺǿˡ
ڷ㲻ۏʻˮ
ϣһħ̧֣ħӿΪһֻ޴ǰڷ
Σһ˲ϣѩ°׷Ӱ߳У컯ٷתƪ֮ɫ޽Ĺ⻪ޡ


1316 ۷֮ս
ս죬սΣ֮ʱڷսŤתơ
սսȫ濪սٱǿÿһ䡣
սȣħʾռϷ磬ħɫ仯˭û뵽˾˵ʵ
ؼʱ̣ħǰһħӰˣ˲ս֡
ħɢ棬Ե࣬ڷ֧׾
ħԳ֣ڷΣһ̣ѩ˼֪컯ӲϹħ
վתڣޣǿɢȥħơ
֣߳սװȻޱս𣬷ǿա
ñ㾿жΪ
һħʷƣǰˣħȼ棬ǣա
ѩʱ硣
ħУ컯鷭֮⣬ͬʱ˽âžʽ˼䡣
ѩʱ磬ǧǺɵ˽֮ϣѩӴߣ
һնѩǧӲħơ
ײ˷ӿ˼ǿľսޱħ档
֮
Уϣ컯ٶȷɫ⻪ڣڣҡǿԭٷ
һħʼ״ɫһӰ˲ȷˡ
תžȫ֮Чʧħƽһ˲һͷ׷˲죬ſһ˲ʧ
ǧ⣬Ӱ߳췢תΪɫ˽ӹѩƮ˼䡣
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𺳣ֲĴը쳹ǿգǰնһͷ׷裬ħƿ
컯飬鴫
ըǳʯУħӿȣһħ߳ǿޱȵѹס

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Ѫͭ˫񽣷ޱ߻ϯʮء
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ǴУӿΪʵʣŽһλʮ֮ˣ˫ȻʵҪѷɫ֡
ǰһħ΢У֮ǰҪ֮峤ȣŽҼһʱ䣬ӵı仯˾ˡ
׵սֳɳ١
ǧɣǿ߶ţǴ⻪ɢħС
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ˡ
Ӧһ䣬Ų̤Ӱӳ
죬ѱ棬ֻһգۣħǰ֣˽նǧ
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棬һħһȣħԪȻǰ֪
ʮ⣬ͣΣǰһħͬʱƺǿƻС

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ǿ̫࣬ǣ˼䣬Ψ֪пܺλϹŵħ
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ȾѪ˫ת޶ȵػħƣĶ֮սûκ˿Բ֡
ǿϣ̫ͼԽתԽ죬Խޣͼ֮ϣʼѺۡ
Ȼ컯ӳ֣ǴԳħ֮սǿȣڼ
Уһħʼ״ɫһŭȣȫۣ˲䱬
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ǳǰһŭ
սһͬ߹̫֪ܹ꣬ĿѣǱ˭ʱ̶ͦ˹ôͣڴˡ
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ķһڿɽиУ𣬿񱩵Թӿա
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׵ľ¶𺳣׷׿ʡ


1317 
ޱ򽻽磬ʵս
ˡħҵĴսս۱գֺ볡棬ġ
սģ֪˫ȫۣȾѪİ׷裬ħ
ķɷӿǧǧħеֲԹ죬ա
׵ľĿ⿴ʣоηӿ
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ϹʱħһΪıɽ˴ǿǿɽµһɽִ֮˽նɱħλʹħһʮض޷ָԪ
˵ĽûĴɽ۷ĻԻͣϹŴսԭʼħҲ֮ܵҡ
ǰϤϢ֣һħɱԾ˫ֺħӿΡ
һ̣ؼ䣬һ쳣ֲѹϯһħУһ޴֣ī̹ǡ
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һħһӹħƣȻһ˫ơ
ޱȵֹʽ֮䣬˭Ҵ֡
Ĵɽ֣ͬԹӳ֣֪һսħƽһսĵȼԽʵֱϹɾ֮
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ѾôãʮȴʼûжھɽȻͬѰ
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ûв´ڽʮĵơ


1318 
ǿա
ԹգħƵϳɫ
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֪һսʵ֮ϣ߼սİ𺳡
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ħϣħɢ룬֮
ɱ˳ɿսħѸٷӦβ˧
̶ս˺һħۣѪɽȾ
ţ
ĿһħɫŭɫԪһƣǿƻС
λǰɳ֣Ӳħơ
ҵĳ𵴣ӰŲܿྡྷ
⣬ͣ˫ƿն̼䣬ǰвĽѸٻۣʮ
ںϽʮһ뽣ʮؼ䣬һڿڽƾն֣黯ʵ˲Ϣ򽣺һΪһبųʥ

ʮ
ʮʥն£ɹ⻪ƿħɱħ
˼һ貶Ŀһħɫһ̤ħԻ˼䡣
ħ࣬أӹȻһӲʥ
ನƵݲ֮¡¡𶯵УӰȽսĿ
ֹ֮߱仯Ī⣬߲Ӧ䣬ḻս飬˾̾
ħǰħս޾עǰսսѪϷӿԽԽѹơ
˵ս̫꣬ҫˡ
ѹƲס𣿡
һԣīڣƽ
ѵ㻹̵ס𣿡
޳ȻһֱŬѹԼıԣǣħʵԶ޷ı䣬ħߺսһ
īĬûзϡ
ս֣ħ֮ؼʱ̣ʮоս
ħۣ䣬ս֪սơ
ˡ
һħʷսַ֣ϣס˿ڣĿ⿴ǰʮӣƣҪ
Խߵħָ𾪣˲޷ҡħ֮
ʣУ㹻ˡ
һʽгľɽ΢΢
ൽʱˡ
ȣ
һ̣սУһ춯صĳһ弫ڰֱ
䣡
ԹڣԹĴģһϹɽںϲԴϽ棬˼䡣
ɽ
·һħʿµľɽɫһ
ɽѾ
Ϲɽȱ̧֣ɽϣһӶ֪ұۣѪ˽ͬϢ
Ľصľɽؼ䣬ֵĽ֣˷һһġ
ս⣬һĿܵǰ˵Ľѹɫһ䡣
ȣ
УԽһⲻڣ˼ǿĽ޳Խޣ˸
Ҫˣ
ǰһħɫ쳣ĿضǰʮӣƬ̷
ৣ
죬δӦһ˲һħǰɽӰɱˡ
׼ǰһħʶǰסһơ
ӣһħֱһ飬𺳣Ρ
ɱУȴδܿǰ֮ǰһˣȻٶϳѹ
ٶȾƣһħʵϣһħӿסҪ
У
ǿռ䣬֪ӰʧΨص翡
ǿǿţĴɽĴ֪ڿʼתս֡
ϣһħʶͿȫע䱸ŽĿ籩ꡣ
ȻԸţǣòϣ˺ƽƽ
ǰ񾳡ظµһλɫصؿǰս֣ƬҲƿĿ⡣
գǽۼ֤漣


1319 
ǿս֣ʮоʤԹľɽħ֮ս֡
Ľɼӳ֣֪ٶȡȫսﵽһ塣
Уʤ֣һսȫҫսҫĿ
˲ϢӰʧԽʱյٶȣѲ׽
սУһħͿʶħתī
ǿޱϹԺǿħλ˼ǿսʤֻڵϦ֮䡣
ﬣ
ɡ棬ŭϯ֮ѿա
߼䣬Ŀӣɱˡ
ߵıܷӦԽʶ۵ļޣһħٴε֪ƣ׿Խսܣͬǰκζ֡
ɣ
ĿӣῪڣգɷһն¡
£豹棬ǧٴս֪֮Ȼع齣򵥡
赭дһȴ֮ǿϣһ޴Ľ۳֣ۣ֮
ڶɽһħɫ£ħԪۣΪϵǰ
ħ棬ԽȻ෴ײħɢ룬һһػƿ
ɴݽǣڳÿһ˵ġ
壬е˶ڵȴ漣ķϹħܵ񻰣Ƿܹƣ
ֻ˲Ϣʱ䣬ȴ·ǧһĿУɽƿħ赲ħš
һѪ磬ǰУһħһŭȣĳǿлС
¡һƼӰͬǷɳȻײԶ޴ʯ
ѹܾ˵ľѷָ£˹شȻ˫ĻָԿ޸ơ
ѪȾɣסΣսȴԽҡ
ʮˣܽ˵زǵһˣ
һħʿǰػߣһĨ⡣
꣬˾˵ѧ裬Ķ֣Ҳٳֵڶ
ǰֲ̧Ѫսɽܣɽ£浹ɷˡ
ʣС
ƣֱ棬ڣХգԿ塣
һħǰһĲӰֱӮȥ
Ȼٽӣྡྷң˷Ӷ
ˣ
һħǰӳУĪ˵ӰۼԲ׽񣬲Ӱɼ˵ӵȻ˼ޡ
ȷʵˡ
˵һ䣬üģӡǲ֪ʱѾʧ
һħʼ״Ӻݺһԡ
˼δ䣬ؼ䣬Х죬ħ󣬺ںۣƾն֣Խʱգնħ
֮޼᲻ݣΣһ̣һħӰٲܿҪ

ɽ壬Ŀɽһħ磬ɽ͸شһ
ȣ
һħ˫˲Ѫ죬ħӿȻǰ˫
⣬˫ͣĽͬʱ֡
ѹħش˫Ľתƣɷ塣
䣡
֮ϣɷƽԹԴԴû֪˫ڡ
Թ壬˫ܵļޣʼ⣬
ҵս꣬һ̣⻪ҫĿڰ˼䡣
ǰظһĻɫһ
ã֪Ϣٴˣ
δʵô಻Ȼµһ֪ҲܰȻ
ǰֽ߬һĨȻ
һһεѡԼӲΪԼǰ֡
һԣҵȴŵ̫ƽʢ
սУ˫Թ壬ϱ⣬ת
˫м䣬һħǿѹشĿ⿴ԶħеļᶨӲҡ
ħ͸ɳս۵ʱ
ñʶ
һħɨ֪˫
ͬ׹
ħǧ
̫Ͻ
ǿϣ֪˫ͬʱڣ̼䣬޾ĽɢںԹ֮Ӧ
ĵľǿϣ籩𣬷籩У֪˫ڿնսҫĿ
˫ͬУĿɽ֮ڣɽ籩Ѹɢ϶Ϊһûмħ
籩ڣ˫ն⻪ԽԽҫۣ罾Ŀ쳣
˫кһ˫֮䣬һںڰ񽣳֣ɣ𺳡
֮У֮Ψһؼ֤
ȣ
˫ȣ߶ն¡
·һħһѸپ޻ħ
裬ӭϺڰ񽣣¡һħӭϱ١
ٵĺڰڣĿɽƿնĽնħ˵
ৣ
նħͷ­ѪӿȾǿա
ħףħϣħӿħףҪ½ӻͷ­
ৣ
һ̣ڶɽ⻪ٴնħϣѪ٣Ŀ쳣
ৣ
ৣ
ǿռ䣬ĵɽ⻪ն䣬ħ֣ɢ


1320 ս
ǿս֣ĽնħѪȾս
ͷ­ɣ˫ۣ֫ħ֣Ľ֮ġ
Ȼһħÿһϣħӿ໤ǣǻҪºϲ
˵ľս⣬ڡ
ѵħǲ֮
ǰɫ΢˼
ԶĿעǰ˼ľͬ쳣ء
֮ڣ
ϲܻĲ֮һͲħԴԷʮꡣ
侲ȻɱȽӡ
Ҳɡ
ͷںڣ糯ħ˫ɶȥ
ͬһʱ䣬֣ѩϯûħͷ­֫
˫֣ȪݿռֱħӡڲͬС硣
ؼһ̣ϣħӿһս׵Ӱ̧߳ץһСڵħͷ­ȥ
ޣ
״ɱʢɽӹɽʱգնǰޡ
޷ԪӲС
ȻһѪӿֻһ
֪Ƿİձħͷ­ɣ
ȵĶ֣޸潻棬ǿѹƣԶȥ
ķСڣħӿϳӡɫ£˫ֽӡǿ֮
Ƭ̵飬ԶӰѾʧ
˲Ϣı仯ǰδüһжѳ䶨
ħսܣͷ­ᣬ屻֪ӡѸ
ħʧȥ䣬ʱȺףĴҡ
ǿϣսɻڼۻʡ֮ʥǿߵ裬һʱ
֮䣬ӡħĿ⿴Զսһ˫һ˲ʧ
սۻֻһ˿ɣ̺ˡ
ȻʱѾ̫
֮䣬ӰüĻӡǳ֣ҫ۶Ŀ
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һʧɫۻ۷䣬Ѫӿ졣
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ƽףȴϧ˼䣬ʵҰĵս壬ѹĶ󡣡
˵һ䣬ɽٶȻӹնǰߡ
ۻ¶Ȼˣս
㣬߲ˣ
ߣӰԽؼ޵ٶȣٶǰ
ٶѹƣʵѹƣԹӳ֣һֱڱ٣Ȼһսȴǿֲ˾
ɻӹǿվ٣ۻʱ֮ǰһ˵Ľ˳֣ۼѵɼǡ
ƬȾѪ֪֮ǿ޿ƥС
ɶ񣡡
ΣڵϦۻԪӿֱǰҪǰͬھ
ʧȥһǣ㻹ʣʲô
̧֣סۻʵӣ֮

ۻʿУʹƺɣȼ
ʹۻԪӿֿ֮
һֿסۻʵս֮ȭȻһȭߵ
飡
ȭ͸壬ۻʵӦԪɢ
ǧΪ٣ۻоԣѸٱɫɴ
ֱ֣ӽۻ˦һߣĿ⿴Զս֣һǰȥ
ǿռ䣬°׷֪һ̣ȴħһ㣬ħÿһλʿ־塣
ܣÿһɽϣѪϵ䣬ħһۣβ
֪֮ԹķɣͬڼȻԵȴ˿
־塢ڣħнʿ𣬴ڲɧҿʼ֣ʢ
Զս֣֮ʥ𺳶֣Ŀ⿴Զħʮӣɫ쳣
ħʮӣ̫ˣɵС

֪ħ˫ʼ֮ʱǿϣһɰޱȵħ֣ǿֳңԼ䣬˿ѷɫڷսܵħһ
ְͣɡ
ӿħУ߳Ŀ⿴ǰӣڵ
ǰˣŲͣ¡
͵ʦһӡ
ĬƬ̺󣬿ڵҪƽħǻ֮ԴʦնݳĵӦñȵҪ󣬵ӲܴӦ
䣬ɽ⻪Ϊ壬Ϊϧˣ֪¾ģϧԼҵʦ
ǰ̾վħ֮ʣؿŰ彫ʿɱ
һУʤΪʦ㲻ٹ֮£ɣΪʦʶĳɳ
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űһΪһɫņ̀ǹһս졣
ȣ
սһȣữ֮С

ԡ豹棬֮Ӱ𣬾תƣâ졣
ħǰĿҫ۵Ľ⣬һĨο
Ȼɳˡ
սɺնɾ
ǰͬ˻һħԪɫǹħƿն
ʦͽ֮ϵ˵һսгһ̣˭û֣޾֮ӣ֮ǿѸٱ
˲Ϣǿռ䣬⡢ǹâײֲĴྡྷƵؾ硣
սУĽŲ΢ˣסΡ
ϣħ壬ྡྷȴǿѹƣϺ˰벽
һϵĵӣڵΪʦˡ
ʦá
Ӱƽ
Ļףźλħߣ˱ܱȫħ󲿷ֽʿԾڴˣڡ
䣬ؼ䣬ħӰʧսȥ
˱
ħǰλħ߻һۣٳɣ
һ£ħ̳źȥ
ռ䣬עǰ˵ħڵɱ
ɱ
£Уɱ죬ѹʮصķŭ
ԴԴϴ֪Ծ׷ħȥ
ѾԹӿ
ʣл֣빪·¾
ħ·ϣлλһ·飬Եδټ

δټ
лٶӰɢȥع֮䡣
Թ壬һҲɢȥ룬ħһۣ޻ڡ
ˡ
һԣǰڵ
ҴӦһ̫ƽʢȻٵʮ꣬ǣˡ
ŲԶİ
ĹãһжѽҲûȥˡ
׿Զڣ
š
ͷŮӣһͬȥ
սսϣȴ֪Ӱһн̣֪֮ȥع鱾Լĵط


ʮ ħ


1321 ع
սԭʼħľݵأսһֱʵ¡
ħۻʰħսǲתʵʼ½˻ħս
ħˣƺƵ֮𺳡
Ĳͷ飬˵Ŀɬ
׳־ΪħҵȻʮأһжѻΪλӰ
ʣ಻Ըֻǣλ֪̫ǿˣǿ˾
ħսۻʱĨȥħҲ˰Уħʮѽȣһˣԭʼħ
ʮº󣬺ڣ룬Ĺսмݻٴٷϴˡ
ޱ񾳡ظµһ󶥼Уʮλ£ؽ
ѡˡ
ǿռ䣬Ͽǰٷϴ˵ɫڼ
ħ˳³Ϊ֮ٷϴ˵ĺǹػ۷õƾ̡
֪
׹ϣһ䣬ɣп֮ɫ
εѡû뵽ȴΪһɳ֪ǳˡ
лл㡣ڣ
ܳΪ֪֮ӹΰνĹ
ֻԼӦ֮¡Ӧ
ȻҲû뵽ħʮ̫ӻһ˸߶ȣߵ˶Ҫ
ħսʼؽ֮ʱڣݣ֪͵˿֪
ģڵĻ£սָյĶʢƽңǿУ;֮½֪
Ļʳǰ°׷Ӱһ˪µĺۼ
һԣµŮӸ棬һ㣬ߡ
˽ǣǰǵĽˣɫһ
׷ˣͻʹڵĵơ
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ֵϣŮӣ
š
ͷһ֪ͬȥ
ʳ֪ðȴĻżǰ˸̤벽
£֪֣Ѿ񻰣Ϊе
ǰǰϤľǰû
ˡڣ
У𾴵ıʦȻκ˶ĸۡӦ
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ܣûнأȻ˵֮ʱںΧĸֽѾ̱Ҫ֡
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Ϣתѹڶǿߣ΢Ц
ǿ̶ã¶Ȼ
˭ѵǴ˵еľǿ
δأе׶ˡ
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ǿ֣߳ĴʢʱڣЩϼһҲϢˡЦ
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꣬˳ᢣƽս𣿡Ц
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¶֮飬ΪΨ㾡һѧƽ¡
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Ϊˣڣ¶΢Ц
ŸۡеϤӰҹһ¶֮ɫ
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ǵһսУǰ޹յĺˣ̹͵
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ҶԽһЩ⣬ϣó
֣꣬ؼĽҲ֮ɢȥ
лʦ𡣡
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λѹе𾪣Ӱٶȥ
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ǣǲܷ뿪ʱվҪСЦ
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ʳУδλҪ̱㱻İҹ¡
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ү
ԣɫһ𣬺үˣ
һԣһλ½õ¶֮ɫҹʦ𣬲λ˵дػ֪
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ϣŭĳ΢ʦ
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УӰɢȥʧ
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˷ǡ̾
ЦЦôҲöƸ
̫ûˣˡ˼Ӧ
ͽ
һ䣬ǰʹȥ
ʹǰعĽʿˣҪֹѲʹ
ĵһĻһ·Żʹȥ;˶ֹ赲˲
䣬Ψһʱռ䷨֮ˣѲǷֹ
͵ǰ˲ʵڣĳиУ
Ϣǣ
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¹ȥ֪Ȼδģȴˡ
İɫµ飬ǧʯ£һ̤ϣ
սƽսҺ֪ػһйµ㡣


1322 Ȩ
Ļʹ͵ǰǧʯֱ˼Ȩ壬ʳǡ
ǧʯ£µӰһһʯ׾ͷȥ
ʱ͵ǰ֪֣׷裬Ŀ쳣
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Ѿõĳƺĳӳ⣬ϣһ̣Ҳڡ
ʱ̵ļʦȴͦεӰһ˳˴ĵһƬ졣
ֻʦ𣿡
⣬΢Ц
ùá
ĳЦԽãڼ
ǰѶһĳ㣬п֮ɫʱ̫ˡ
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֪
֪ع飬ܱһѸٴʳǣȴƽգеĶ֪Ϣ
𾪡𺳣ȫĬ֪ָ˵ѹʵ̫ˣ˴ĵ
ŵ񻰣꣬һ֮ȴˮ֮Уʷࡣ
ȻϢѾǱ㲻֪ܵȥɡ
һУص֪ع飬˵һηɻڴĻᡣ
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ͷգұ㽫Ƿʱ⳥
䣬ڣ鿪ѩ͵ΪģѸٳ˷ɢȥ
𺳾ݣĻʳǣǧǧտƮѩ¶ɫ
Ż죬ΪʲôͻȻѩˣ
͵ڣȺ𾪵Ŀ£֣ۣԴԴûڡ
壬ҵʹһƺߣƤѣѪˮ
ס񡣡
ƽ˵һ䣬ɣȫ
һӣӡʱһȥ͵ΧķѩͣЪָƽ
͵ڣ֣һĨƣɫˡ
˫ۣܵڳӯмڣ̹үû
ֹǰ¹Һ˵Ҳˣϥ
ԣһƬֱ̺һ񣬵Ǻү̻塣
УڳһĻĿ⸴쳣
ĵݻǵλ̫ˣԭ򣬾λ֪
˵֪ĳ֣λȨصĴٶȰθһΡ
ڵʲô
ĿƹȺƽȨ̫ߣŪȨ֮𣿡
ڳԣɫһ̵ͷֱǰ֪
ʲô֪ô֪
ǰĳ̾ʦǰЩӵһĻվ̫ˡ
ǣ
ȺУһλͷͺ붼Ѿ׵ϳҧ߳үᳯȨʵ̫ˣɹ
Ҳô𣿡
Ŀ⿴ϳȺڵ
ڳĬһӦ
ǻᷴ𣿡
Ŀƹسеλƽ
ҡ
𡢰ҹɫһ䣬Ӧ
ǰѳһλѵǰٴγһλ뷴ѵ
ҵ˼𣿡
˻һۣͬʱҵԸȨ
ͷƽȨ׸ʴģҫѪսȨ𣿡
ҵȽ̻塣˹Ӧ
ȨλӿһĻоǾɫ
֪ΪȻȨš
ϳٶлү塣
ڳǰ׷ϳΡΡһ񣬼
գǷӵĺˣ
ɫʵ
ǡ
ϳ
ȥַǰߣӵжڴ˼ĺˣҲİˡ
ݲȺİʱг̴߳Сˡ
ҲżһһĻشȺ⡣
⣬Ϧ£һʱ⽥ȥڣڳ뿪Ϊٶ꣬״ξϵ͵ô
ЩӺöûô̹ˡ
Ⱥ뿪ĳǰ£ڵ
ΪڵҺûͻԣǲŸҷ̡΢Ц
ʦĿûô͸ĳЦ
ˣƨˣʼ£ͥĻʵۻ𣿡ѯʵ
ǡ
ĳԣҡͷڶʮǰ¾óɵĵλ֮㲻֪١


1323 
͵Ϧʱ뿪һͬȥ
͵ǰĳĿ빬оǲᡣ
ʦֻǻһ᳤ۣ¡
⣬Ļ꣬Ѫ޴Ŀ
ֱӳųĹȥ
ǰͣǰĹӡ
أ֪һ̣һϥߵס
ǻˡ
ЦڻǰصһĨ΢ɲƬ̺Ȼȥ
һսħĻ䣬Ψг빬ʱůһһЦ
ǰ˹һʱһһһ˵еĳ
ߣϦ価ҹɫ٣ǵ׺ǿգ
Ĺ£һҲһʱ
ķ˵ܰǧ֣ҽ󣬱Ҫȥˣ֮飬뱣ҵܰת
߶߶˵һʱվؿһǰ꣬Ůһͬȥ
㣬ǲˣ
뿪꣬е·ϣ
Ϊʲôô˵ʵ
ˣŻÆ¡Ӧ
ǰɡ
һЦǶˣôãȻղϣҲˡ
治ϰ
Զп
绪ïָ㽭ɽǹʢĿ̫˻
ǶѶһ棬ǵʱȥˡ
ЦЦˣ̸صĻ⣬ȥɿѾͷ֪ʲôúõıɵ˵λ˶ûϢ
ͷ£Ǻ˭ܹܵסڱλϼô꣬ҹĿ࿴ε
£ڵ޷ûḶ́ܽܰƷ
ŮҪ
Ц˵һ䣬¡ͳһСӣܵϸЩŲ·ºֻҪΪ˵ĵ̫ࡣ
˽̸䣬һ·űȥɽ
˲ûпߵ̫죬Ȼٶɿš
δʱǣֱӳűɻʹȥ
ɻʹǰͣǰδĹţƬ̣ǰȥ
㡣ڵ
룬ͷҲɡ
䣬Ӱʧ˱ɻʹ
ʹУɫ̡ŮѿʼæµʶֱͿ
ѰƬ̣üͷ塣
ĲڹѾͷȥˡ
˼ϢӰٶʧǰȥ
󹬣һСУmװŮӸ٣˿µĺۼ
ط̣յᣬ֪ӳģ뱱ɵΪ񣬸߾̫֮λ֮ģҲµıǨѵȥ
ʱСǰӰ֣Ŀ⿴ǰŮӣûżš
Сڣһطͣ¸ٵ֣Ŀ⿴Сİ׷ӣڵȻˣɡ
عδﻹĶˡ룬΢Ц
δ֪ǻ˵ࡣط
ܵľرУһЩعĪ֡Ц
ط̵ͷˣͬиˣһ£֪ͱƭķ̺ÿ࣬Ƿø˵
Ŷ
¶֮ɫ£
ط˫עǰӣ֮΢䣬֪ĻȺһѣƭ꣬ɵȻŮǱ׿ڸ̵֪ڹ
ĬƬ̺̾ǵѣɲң½ٶޱսУعлЩ걣ܡ
ط̵ЦЦǰĹ٣֪ˡ
ԣɫһɫ¶ЦݣģվϵÿЩ
ԣһӮˣطЦ
ǹӮˡ
Ц³ʱӮˣΪҷŲϵΣעȹȥ
ϧӮ㣬Ҳ˲
ط΢ЦҸ뿴ǵâ¶֪һ֮ƽʳ֮ңĻʳѪȾһҹķâ÷ʧȥ˿ġ
֪âεҫۣȴѰ׷ͷĺ
أ˵⣬
ʮǰ뿪ˡ
طƽλû̫ɰ󣬱㴫˻λϾһͬ뿪˱ɡ
˵ȥ𣿡ü
ûС
طҡͷ䣬˽µ㣬ң𣿡
̾Ѿͷ
ˣҲѳˣٸ̫ࡣ
ɻʹ⣬ɫŻ
ʹǰȴɫʼûаֽ
ûãʹУ°׷Ӱ
ʲôϢ𣿡ڣ΢Ц
뿪ʮˡ
شϾţӦò¡
ȥ𣿡ѯʵ
ˡ
ӦˣԼ·Լ߰ɡ
š
ͷҲ߰ɡ
á
ףӦ
ݻع飬ٶȥʧ
º޼򽻽磬¹ŵأûŵϿյС
˾̳ϣǧǧиУĿ̿ʡ
ӭ˾
ǧƵİ񣬹
ϣӰһ̳
̳Ͽգ¹ۣӰԻڵ˾ӭ
񡣡
񣬿
ʮص˾Խɣˡп
òǷɲ΢Ц
λǰ뿪ˡ
š
ͷǰ뿪ʱҸܵĽ⡣
˾ڱ٣ΪһһձԹѻȥѧɣҵָΪİ취ɫ
ԣ΢΢𣬵磬ѵҲҪ˼ͨ𣿡
ĿǰûС
ҡͷܵ˼ķڽ޸֮˼ԽԽףҲٹǧ꣬п˼䡣
Ȼ˼仹δͨǰȥ磿ʵ
ϼ
ƽҪ˼һЩϹʱɽһ㣬ֻҪΪ㹻ָܽ磬˾˼ʸ֮ˣΪδɢĻᡣ
ĬúҡͷˣһҪһˡ
ãü
Űꡣش
ԣüٶһ壬Ű̫꣬ˣʱΪɢҪ磬Ҳ˾ֻһΣĪҪԼڡ
¶΢Цɡ񣬽Էҵ룬ЩҸԸ˼ȾŰꡣ


1324 ʢ
¹ŵأ̳ϣĿͱȥ
ǿռ䣬⼲۶תʧ
һºޱ񾳣֪ع飬񣬹ޱ
ǧǧ򸡵ĸ߷ϣ嶥˼䡣
󷽣ת֨ѽ𣬿ȸ顣
£תۼţħ֮ĵһ꣬ٺؽȹʱڡ
һ꣬ϱߣƽķսɨħΪؽæµ
ޱ񾳣߷ϣʱսأǰע˼䣬ȴǼ˵
صսɿȸԴʥŮչټ۲Ŵԡ
һȥķսƽؽҲ½ɣ񾳸߷ǰظǰУΪħ۵ʮޣٶȵ˷ֱʱ̡
֪Եټ
ޱϣе¡˿ǰӣڵ
Եټ
Ӧ
֮ûٶתȥ
ǰעԶȥӰп֮ɫ
ڶ뿪ˡ
ظȫ뿪ԻعԼԭ·ϣ߷ϣ֪Ĭ紵˴̹ǡ
֮һ̾ת񣬼˼䡣
Զȸŷǰ׷ӣƽӹŲ
ڣΪһλϸޱ
ʱţ˼䣬ħ֮󣬵ڶ굽ȫϢ˼շ
ޱϣ֪Ҳ뿪ɣĿעԶ˼䣬һͷ׷֪ʱȾ˪
£֪һΪɢȥ룬ȥĸ޻ء
ԹӴȻҲԳܣο
Ȼħɣ֪޻ڡ
ͨǰħ֮߳ޱĴڣ塣
ܿ죬ڶȥ굽˼ָս֮ǰģħʹཥȥ
һ꣬˼ٷչһǿ߲֮󣬴
䣡
ңԶֲĻʵٳ֣⻪򣬾ס
ʱ꣬˼л֤壬ʽ뷱
ºޱǰʢ֤֮ǰޱ֮
߷ϣתǰ֤ʵߣڵϲ
߹һ񣬵ħһۣɣ֪ǷһС
עǰߣúͷӦԡ
䣬ޱУѹɢƽ
֮
ɫ΢ʵ񼯾ۣΪϵǰ
һ̣߷ϣۣһƽĽ֣˲Ϣƿն
󣬷豹֮޼᲻ݣǰʵӦ߽⣬ѵ֮
ǰͣ£Ȼɢȥ
˵һĻǿʵѵһ
вηӿãع񣬹Ϊ
ʵ֤ҲȣȥɣúùԼΪĪҪ²Ҫ
֣ɢȥؼĽѹƽ
ԣٶһ񣬹ȥ
ݵĲޱ»ָžתǰ˼䡣
꽥ȥĿˣˡ
ĸ굽˼ȫʢϰ䣬࿪ʼϰ䡣
ˣ֣֮УսƵ
ޱϣŵ̵˼䣬ûв֣˳䷢չ
ڣĸ꼴ʱٶл֤𾪸
»֤̣֮Զǿգɫٳǰȥ
ͬһʱ䣬ޱϣڣ´İһ
Уһ۵ĸϣһϮµĹС߳
˼䣬׷ڷĲȥ
ǿռ䣬һһ⼲۶ٶȿ쵽£תۼš
һϵ֤Ļ߾ٺƣ߳ԡѪȻʵٶȵĲɡ
߽Ҫ뿪ʱǰɫֳصѹëȻ
Ϣ󣬺ڷɱߡ
㣡
߿ǰڷɫ£ħһۣˣʵǿ
ʵԴһڷ￪ڣ
룡
ߣǿѹش֮ʵ

ڷĮ˵һ䣬һ̤˲ǰ
ϯأΣһ̣Զɫ⼲۶Х죬Ȼ档
ڷ״ɫһʣ
ǰӿನУСֳ߳ʽɵǹһ춯ء
Ȼûв´ɽ׸ıƣ㣬վһ
С׿ǰڷ
ޱǣȥȡգ㿪ɣ
䣬ڷϯ죬ǰߡ
Сɫ£һڣӭжϡ
ｻ棬սನأǿնҡ
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ޱ񾳣߷ϣؿԶĴսƽӿֲ
𽣡
һ𽣣˼ѸӦʡ
һ򡭡Ľϵ֪ڣ˼򽣷ʣٳʷȥ
׵ľ˼еĵľǿ߿ʣ¶֮ɫ
ޱĽ𣬵¡
ĿǿУ򽣷ƿն޾޼ޡ
ңԶͷǧǧ򽣹ƿ罣⣬ġ
ޱ㣡
ڷиУ׿ǰ۶򽣷棬¶ŭ֮ɫ
򽣷棬أֱն棬ûڷӰ
ֲĽУڷ˻ȫʩչ屣֮
黯Ӱ͸Ȼ޾Խʱռļޡ

ʱڷӰԻ͸һٴ۵Ѫ
Ϣǧǧ򽣹ʧڷӰ׹£Բѡ
Сǰйشĺڷȥ
ޱ񾳣֣ƣһ

ϿգʱоС״źڷ
ˡ
תڵ
Һоܵ
С֪Ҫôôˣ
סΪȻѹޱ¡ƽ
ǣ
С׹źڷȥ
İˡ
߷ǰһ䣬ƣע˼䣬ͻȻҿ
Ѫָ棬Ⱦ£Ѿ٣Ϊܺڷǿὣѳиɣʼ쳣
㲻ٶˡ
󷽣ε֨ѽȸѵ
ֻһΡ
ȾѪ֣ƽ
ȸͷٶ˵תȥ
֪ޱеǿߣδʵѹ˼һеУǰ޹ˣҲߡ
ħһİĽ죬ʵϹɾ֮
ϧѾٳ


1325 ߰
ޱ񾳣߷ǰ֪һվİꡣ
İ£ּžߴʤĹ¶Ψվڶ壬ᡣ
˼ǿߣޱǧһˣ֪ǿѳԽ˼ļޣһ֮¡
ħ֮ڣ߳İ˼ԽԻͣаڵޱ񾳵£ȫѡ̲
˼䣬ңԶͷһŰսµħħӿİ£ڳ˵ħ
ȻİȴһҲ֣֪ڵ֪̫ǿˣǿ޵С
ڷ³õĽѵ
һ˿ɵҲС
עãӰٶʧȥϢ
ޱ񾳣߷ϣиУĿ⿴Զɫ
Ǵ
´Ƶİ꣬սԻѸٹȥ굽˼ٶȽָƽ
ħʹȫ˵ȴħһ۵ǿߣû˻ǵõһ½ѡ
ʱ䣬ԶĨʹ꣬ڷ˶ԣ̫̫á
ޱϣע˼䣬쳾֤ϣһ˫ӣԽɣ
ޱϣһ֪ʱÿ£һţˡ
һ꣬˼ƽû̫·͵İ̫꣬ƽ
ޱ£ѹĺڷסϣѹƺڷ﹦塣
ޱӲŵαӣһ죬ú
ڷŭصޱУ⳹ǣëȻ
߷ϣţ꣬һƲκβ

󷽣ȸ
£
ǰڵ
ҵʱ䵽ˡ
ȸ
ԣ΢΢һ˸һţͷȥɡ
ȸ΢Цתȥ
һ֮ʱȸӦٶĿȸħƽعء
һգޱУɫգ޴ĿȸӰԻˡ
ǰʽȥĿȸӰ˫ֽ߬Ѫָ˴Ŀ
ϣɲʴ͡
Ȼҫ񾳿ȸҲסֻء
ȸ˼һԪĳսᣬµʱȻ
֮꣬
¼Ԫʼ˼䣬ٴӭµĻԻͣˣˡ
ϣ񳯡½֣ƽȫ濪
һ꣬˼ٶ»֤׽ٺƵġ
ޱԽĵ͵ʧǰ»ûݷá
꣬˼䲻л֤Ķʢ𽥲Ҫ񾳵Ĵڣԭʼħ
񾳣ޱϣһһһ껨䣬֪һĩͻȻٿһ֦ɣҲʼֿή
һ꣬ɿݵһ¿һ˽ޣ߷塣
ǰĿ⿴ŲԶһһ̾
лˣ
һлһͻȻҡҷһ׷ɣƮ졣
һ꣬һȥߵľͷ
߸꣬ɻеǾӭ£ƽ˼ڷ¡
ʼһλͻȻУѪɢǿգ¡

ޱϣС
ȥô¡
߷ǰڣ
š
С׵ͷӰʧȥ
뿪ǰɫһš
꣬λʵ˵ؼıԴ֧λ֤
ӵڶλ֤֣񣬻Ѿܹȷ˼ڷŲΪ֪ĸı䣬Ҳõδ彫иĻ߳֡
˴߱Уر仯ҲѲ˸ϵ
ǿռ䣬۶Զȥ
ºǿСǰĻʬǣ΢΢
Χûսļһб
˼䣬˾˳̶
Сǰ鿴ʬǺɫԽء
İδƺ˼䡣
䣡
ʱǿռ䣬޴Ѻ۳֣ӣɶ
ͻȻľ䣬Сɫһȥ
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𣡡
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䣡
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ǣ
̶ĽӦ٣ѳпֲܡ
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֮⣬СӰԻһһѪŻ
ʽ٣ɼСĿ⿴ź󷽾޴Ѻۣ¶Ȼ
ţʲô
ħ
ΣϣСײͣӰӹԶȥ
ޱ񾳣߷ϣܵǿվͷ쳣Ĳ΢΢
˺£
֮񾳣ʱнС״׹Ȼ֮ϡ
ȾѪߣڸشȻħһ۶δ˿µơ
תüͷ壬̧𣬶ʱУӿԴԴûǰСڡ
ú󣬹С˫ۣǰ֮һɫ԰׵лȡ
˺£ʵ
ͷ
С׽ǰϸ˵һ飬ֻ̫ˣ޵ܻȥʵ޷⡣
꣬ɫ֮䣬ǿʼˡ
壬Ǹǻأ
ȥɣһԴڵ
ǡ
Сȥ
£һԶȥһ飬ܿء
ȥɡ
ԶϣɫȹŮӵͷӦ
õӦʣһӰûգʧ
ʱ֪꣬״뿪񾳣⣬°׷Ӱ߳Ȼᣬȴѿµķ˪
Ϊ̽ر仯֮أ֪׳Ϣ֮ʧǿ
ͷ޴ĿռѺݺύÿһѺ۶ɳס
һգٵʱǰĿ⿴ǰͣ½Ų
ǰϤľѲǵһο̧֣콣ۣƿն
ƽĽֱռѷ죬δ֪ĵط
׵ĿռѺۣ룬δ˿㱻ɡ
֣΢Ѻǰȴ֡
һȣʮأ˼伸ȷռѺûκα仯
̾ٵȴתȥ
֪뿪ãռѺһǿƥԻϢٶȥ
ޱ񾳣ԶϣɫȹŮ˫ۣû°ɣ
龪һӦ
û±á
ͷûٶʡ
߷ǰĿ⿴Զɫڡ
˵ľƣܻȥʽɼĿ£ĴڱȻԼ־Ҳѽҳ
ƽİ꣬䣬شȻʱţһжȥ
ڰ˸꣬赲ص


1326 ǧȺ
ޱ壬ȴ֪߰Ϸ˪Ѻصɢȥ
߰δףΨ˫еĲɣÿһ꣬Ũһʡ
ڰ˸굽һΪȫɢ뷲޷ֱ
ȻУÿһλľǿ߶ޱǿѲΪܹӰ졣
ҲΪʲôħڻ֪ڵħһشȴɲַ塣
˵ֻҪվϣ˼˸ҷ
ڰ˸꣬˼һչϸԵ·ĵظ˵һ֤ûʵ
Ԥϣ˰º󣬵һ֤ļȲǿ£಻ΪߵǷȾ
һգϿգ𴫳֤
춯صľģɢĵظĿ⿴¶ɫ
û뵽Ⱦߵ˵ǰ
ôûôͣ
Խʥǣڱչǳ˫ۣɫǲ
ʶ
ǳչصʯ⣬񽫿ڣ
š
ǳͷشظͬޣ֮Ⱦ
𣿡
һ䣬ˣ߰꣬ʢԻ֤֮ͣʧΪһݾ
ǰȾ
ǿϣͣĿԶ
ħԣ֤
ƽӦһ䣬߰ɣƵ֣ʵǿ߲һǺ£Ǳ뾡ʵӦδı
š
Ӧһͬǿȥ
ޱ񾳣߷ǰע˼䣬ɫûΪȾ֤̫ನ
ظ֮⣬츳Ǿĥǳ˿ɼ֤ûʵֻһ
ᵽʱţظķ绪˼Ϊ֮ݡ
ȾǵһԲһ
񾳣֤ظ¡
ʢİ˰꣬ڷ֮Ⱦ֤ĻԻнȥھŸ֮
굽֮ʣУԳ
֪Ǿһꡣ
ɽ֮ʱ³ŵ˼Ű꣬һڻҪˡ
ףʱ䲻ˡ
ޱǰڣ
ңԶأΪ׺û֤Ӱ
׺УһϮɫ۵Ĺնڣ١
ߣ˼һǿߣնȻʽ٣Ŀ
׽٣޾һƣ־ܡ
죬һһ׽٣飬ɱ˼ߡ
׶ɽ٣ޱϣעԶƽҲڳ˶ݵĲ
ߺҪµľ½Ĺߣõѡ
֮٣ʮأޱϣҲʮء
ʮغ󣬹׻ع飬ǰ
ˡ
֤ҫĿϢۻ羪Σǿ𾪡
תǰߣƣе¶һ˿ο
֤ʵҪʱ乮̾磬ؾЩȽڣȥϢɡڵ
л¸ˣ
߹һӰʧޱȥ
ԸˣصҲת˼䣬֮ɫ
ǧˣȴӣڿҪ
Զչذ˰µ߳Ӹ뿪
պϣŷǰ°׷ӣڵҪˡ
ǰԣ΢٣תǰߣҪȥ
ҵΪһֱͣͲǰҪȥߣ
ãʵ
Ҳʮ꣬Ҳ꣬Ҳ֪ش
Ĭúһ̾Ŀ⿴ǰŮӣ΢Ц·Сġ
Ҳǡ
Ӧһ䣬ؿһǰߣûٶ˵תȥ
ɽ£ϧȴûɽ
߰ɡ
ʱڵ
ϧͷһͬȥ
ǰעȥıӰٴһ̾
㣬ܵóԸ𣿡
⣬ϧеˮҲ̲ס
ġ
ͷ
Ǳá
ϧΪЦֲ̧ȥˮǲܳΪӵǣҡ
ǣ𣿡
ףɫ쳣ǵ뿪ǣңǧ꣬㲻ѡȴ
ǧʱ䣬֮ˣ׷ɵõÿ˵룬ģֻǧʱô򵥡
ǧǰ˵磬ֿɼ
Ȼȴѡ˼ǧ꣬ǧȥΪɢǳ׻ȥ磬޿ܡ
һ;Ϊɢˣ޻أ٣͵ڶϣ
ǧ꣬ܳųֵļޣʧȥеΪ͸ԪҲȷ˶಻˶١
ϧȥޱϣ֪ӰԵøӹµ׷裬ոһգ긴һصȴǧ֮ڵĵ
أޱϣҶ壬İ꣬еĲɣŨĻ
Уһϣбչص̳أİ꣬ûٱչء
Ű꣬ħһ۵գػ˼Ű꣬Ű꣬˼ʢ˵صЩ£ϹԻ͵ʱڡ
ʱţһ꣬ޱϣȴǧ֪ջ˼Ŀ⡣
ǧʱŰĳŵеصתɽȥ
񾳣ǧǧ򸡵ϣһλλǿиУ׷
;
;

һͱ쳹ޱ񾳣¾лޱŰػ
ߣӽ˼㽻ˡ
ޱ£ƽ˵һ䣬ȥ
ףּ
ޱϣ
⣬߳һͷ׷ָɫƽݣƽϢ
ºַԣһһȡ
УȾиУǰӣڵ㻹ˡ
ͷĿ⿴ԶԸɽһɽ
Ⱦؿǰˣú󣬵ͷԡ
л
Ըɽȥ
Ըɽϣ޾ͽ۶纣ġ
һգԸɽǰһһϷɽ
ǧˣڻˡ
ɽϣ۳ΣɫĴ𣬸ߴɣգɽȫ
ָ㡣

˺ããתҲҲȻˣ㻹Ҫ𣿡ʡ
ҪҡӦ
˼ǧֻ꣬ʮȻҵҲʶ㣬㻹Ҫ𣿡˵
ҪҡٶӦ
ӡ
̾챱ǿվͷһΪ䳣ƵĻԵ
л
ԣٶȹһ񣬵ǡ
뿪ڼϣٶȿڣǧȴҲֻܻһβֵ𣿡
ֵá
ƽӦһ䣬ɽȥ


1327 ʳ
ǿվͷĹİ֣ٳǰ
Ϊ̫ƫԶޱ𽡢˼֣ʱֻڹżвܿһ
һգǰӰڷ裬뷲˺޷ֱ
̧֣ڣʱǿУϡ˷۶
᪻ܣΪģ޾ѸٳӶȥ
Ѱãɢȥǰȥ
պһŷϣĿ⿴ǰ֮ĳɽ룬ɫ
ǣǵǲˡ
ΪټȴҲŸ
֪ܰֻһһȥҡ
˼Ƭ̣ȥ
ƽڣѧڣеľֲ˵ƽڻһλ棬Ϊ޽ӽ߾ȻڷԲڣϵĸ֡
ƫԶĴɣʵʮѵã٣һʡ
ƽ£Ӱһһȣ⻪ڣѼ
ƽΧ⻪֣һ̣ȴ֪
ϢɽϣĿɨƽеӣãһ̾
û
׼û̫ʧ䣬ɽȥ
ǰ󲻹ʮϢĹƽУû˲֪ĵƽλ档
˺ããѰһˣɴ룬߹ƽڣŵڶȥ
ǣԱŴʤһ𣬰ʱ䣬߱ǧɣųǡ䣬ѰϤٻӰ
ǧǰԸһ绪ʮسϦ飬Թ޻ڡ
ǧԸİԪѰˮǧɽֻٿһۡ
ǶǧųǣӰ߹ܿܿ۵ס
սң𣬿̫̫࣬õˣȴӲ¡
̤̤
ųУٿʱ˻Уڶ
ʮϣһλλʿŻѰס
ﵽÿ·
ʮ룬һλŮϣӢˬͬѰŮӡ
ǾŹ
ֵԣտϵĺŮӣ۷׷׵ǾŹѧˣ˵ŹѧһĴ̣˸ǡ
һԣŹ֣ʶһĿʮŮӣɣҫ۵Ĺ⻪
ֻһ˲䣬ɫָƽһ̾


ʱʮм䣬𣬺ŮͣӰĿɫ΢
ͬһʱ䣬ʮͣĿ⿴ŮӣΪ׽ڵʲô𣿡
ŮĿɨȺüͷ塣
ţܵһɼΪǿΪʲôֲˡ
ȺУͷûŮӶӡ
ȻǱ㲻нˡ
ϣŮĿɨȺеӰֻǶͣƬ̣ƿĿ⡣
û£·ɡ
ŮջĿ⣬Ӧһ䣬һս·
ԣʮҲѸٸϣڶȥ
ȺУʮıӰ룬ȥ
ƺʳĵؽ磬Ȼˣȥɡ
ǸѧҲҪһˡ
ųǶʮﱼڶʳǵķȥ
󷽣ظ棬ʼձһľ롣
Ůӡʮ˿ûзֺ˸棬רĸ·
ߣϦʱԶʳӳɹһ㣬׳
ʱ󣬳ǰŮһ˸ûֱóҽƣͨǡ
󷽣ڣɼȥ
˼Ψһͬʱʱռ䷨ߣȻΪʧǷܹ󼰡
ʳǣ룬ɫʣࡣ
󷽣ʳǴ¡¡պϣʼ
ɢӰԻһڽֵϣµƽ
ǧȴգκ˺ããѰ֮á
һҹʳУҹɢʳÿ䡣
ʹһϵĿŻʳǱ仯ķƣɫ¡
и˳ǡ
һӰʧ
ʳǣ˻᪻ѰϤϢȻһҹȥȻ
ѣʳҲк𣿡
ʱУۣ߳Ŀ⿴ǰˣڵ
ǰˣţǸ֣ƽ
ˣ
ɫҪʲôˣ
һˡ
ֱܾˣҲ֪ʲôݣֻʲôط
ˣǴ롣ü
ЦЦûж˵
Ŀⲻۼشǰˣио˺ǿɲ⡣
ڴϾȻо˿Ĳʵ֡
գᳯڹΪŹӷϴʱȨʹ̾뢶ϯ֪Ƿܹǰ͡߿
ձ뿪Ͳˡܵ
¼ѰˣҲһ죬գѧඥ̶ǰأѵãҲܵõԼҪϢȰ
ԣĬƬ̣ڵˣ߶ˡ
ʳҡ
߻֣һöɫƷɳִ±ɳʹ˸衣
л
ӹƣл
ڹУȴµĵ
䣬Ӱȥ˲Ϣʧ
нɫƣ΢΢ʳѧӵа벽ʵĴУȻ
𣬳أɢҹĺ䡣
˼Żʹȥ
ʹʳ貵ŹѧɹӢΪŹӷϴ
ϯδͿʼã޳Уݻ
ʱ½Ȩ󣬴̫ϣҹһλλݡΪ˵ľ뢣ڳ̺Ůҳ
֪յıͣݶʮеǵȻ
ʱڣѾ룬ϯ
ǰҪڣ㱻һֹ
ٵȵȣһλδ
ϯλߴ
ԣ⣬Ӧѵ룬ȱˣ
δ䣬⣬ʯ׾ͷһӰƽ˿ǿߵϢ
ˡ
ϯλӭ
ʳ˾ľٶڳÿ˶⣬Ŀ⿴ˣ¶ɫ
ˣкر֮𣬾˾ӭ
ˣ롣߿ڣ
л
ǰߣǰϯȥ
֮ǰߵλãһӱϣӭˡ
Կʼˡ
е˵룬߿ϵ
ͷߵ̣ڵŹ
£ĿУ⣬һλʢװŮգһʢװӳ£־ޡ


1328 ѧ
Ӣۣ֮ɽ亣ζڷݻ
ϯ֮ף˾Աߣû˵һ仰
УŹºһһΪڳ;ƣǵգʵسΪ˵Ľ㡣
ʱºٱϯ֮ףôƺ

ٱƽӦ
ӣ롣
º潫оŮеϣ΢΢һЦŶȥ
¾ƱעǰŮӣĿ⸴쳣
꣬Ҳ˵޹£ϧ
棬ºܵĿ⣬΢΢ˣƺ
ᳯλΣ
ߣ˾ͻȻڣʵ
ϳˣ
ʵ۵
µĵӣ
˾ٶʵ
ԣĿ⿴һԵߣҲյӡ
ӶѣԸ²κӰ죬ңŹᳯϲŮδܻΪʳһŮʣִԵȻڡ˾ɫ
üͷ壬Ŀ⿴ߣϢƽʳλ벽ʵĴ˾򣬻ѧ£ˣ
˾Ĭãһ̾£ǰãѧϷ¾ʾؽо䣬ᵣģ֮ԻټĻʳ
΢΢Ϸӣ
ؾ֮£ޱ񾳶ܣλϷӴӺε֪
ҿɷһδ˾еϷӣ
룬ڵ
˾ԣɫһ¶ɫ
ΪѣǱˡ
Ըǿѣ
Ϊѵ˵ϣʳѧһ򽻺ãֻϷӺټˣȻǻϷҲһ
˵˾ߵˣΪϷǷ᲻ܱ֤
л
ǸվŹΪ֮£
˾¶֮ɫѯʵ
Σԡ
֮ϣĿһֱעˣһ̣üͷ
˾ôˣΪζġ
ϯ棬´֮ףһλɫmװŮӾվϾŹҲضá
ѧƽ̣벽ʵǶϵĸ֡
ƽ̣룡
ºٱ
mװŮףٱоĬĬ£ûж˵ʲô
ŹƣϯｻнУڳ˽һ뢣ύ£ջǢ
˾Աߣһֱغűоƣûп˽ύҲûоܾκ˵ĺ⡣
¡
ϯ֮ף˾ŵľ˵
ԣɫһŵ˾Ϊ˿شˣڣûκѵʲôݲɣ
οۣҲһλʵ𼶱ĸ֡
˾ɫص᲻֪ΪʲôȫûǣܽƵ΢磬ᣬҲ޷
Ŷ
΢д¡
²ԥĸ֣֮ס˾
һ˾ԡ׵
ͷ˾һ浣Ļ᲻ͬľ
λʳʵ̫Ҫˣʵ𼶱ĸ֣嶼ָʳһδؾ伴Ϊ棬Ҳܰȫȹ
ᡣ
ƹѲϣվڵ
кηԸ
º
λᳯͣţ˾飬ӦΪӡɫ
һ䣬ڳɫԾĿ⿴˾ߵˡ
Ǿ;ò⣬˾ӭ˵кȻ۰ľŹΪʦһֻһλӣʵ̫ˡ
м䣬ºͬ¶ɫûϵʻ˰š
ϯ֮ףѧČmװŮӿһ۶Ӱһ̣

ᣡ
ϣʦ𾴾ƣ
ºع񣬾ٱٴϯ֮ףɫӵʦ𡣡
΢Цʦ𣬲׺
˵꣬ӹƣһ
УĿ⿴ǰӣɫԽء
ҲĿˡ
ŹʦݵĲ󣬴ڣ̵ľĿȫ֪ϣòݡ
ЦһһӦ߲ܡ
ȻֱϯҪʲôûʳ֮
ϯڳ˸µȥ֪ĳ֣ʵ˵ϡ

ȥϯλ˾סͬҪ뿪ѧƽ̣ɫһϷӣ֪ѧɷͨڣ
ͣĿ⿴ǰߣѧĹأ˾᲻֪Ϸ˭лƼҲС
˾ɫЩѿĿ⿴Եӣİﲻˡ
ЦЦ¡
˵꣬еĳºᣬŹɡ
ºɫһƬ̺󣬻ع񣬿ϵĸʡ
˵ͷԸ
º촽ҧתȥ
󷽣˾ɫ죬һͬȥ
⣬Ůӣڵơѧʲô

ºԥ
𣿡
һ䣬Ŀ⿴Żʹﲻ̫㣬طɡ
䣬ӿºһͬԶȥ
󷽣˾Ӽ״ɫ΢Ӱ̸ȥ
ʳǱ߰Σݺβ
Ϣ󣬴ǰռӰ߳ΪӣһϮذɫˮκβ
ĵٶȣºڣһҲСǰӡ
ãֻһ顣
ƽ˵һ䣬ǰգŤĿռУһɫƾն֡
˽̧ս⼱ڣһն¡
ƽһȴж컯֮ǰӺȻֿηӿ˾졣
һ֮ʧҲ֮ʧ
󷽣ºؿź棬ʧ
Զٸ˾Ҳ˷Ǿ춯صһ쳣

ͣ빧һǰȷһ̣ѿȷϣλȻһλʵ𼶱ĸ֡
һ;ΪȣӦá
һЦŹܻͣһʱ䣬˾±ɣӣɷȥһѧ
˾ӻһۣ
ҪݷѧʱѧڣһªľУһλ͵˻ףԶǵе
Ҫ
ޱ˼һˡ


1329 ħ
ʳѧ½ǿߵҡΪʥء
һգѧǰǰݸ
ߣԴ·Ϣһɢ̴ѧ
ѧڣһһŮλ벽ʵرϽɫ
䣬ˣ֮٣ûˣǺݣ
˼乲
һ̣Ϸ߳ޱ
ϷӵĻɳƶֳأͬף쳹ڴÿ˶С
ԣͣ½ŲĿ⿴ǰߣ΢ЦضѾ֮ˡ
Ļشٴκˣʱѧǿȷǰ뷲˾Ǵ˵λ޵еޱ
һ֮Ťתħս֣˼伸񻰵
μޱ
Ƭ̵İڳ񣬹ӭ˼乲ĵ
ЦЦɣϷӣЩҪ̣֪ɷ貽һ̸

ϷӦһ䣬ǰ·ŲԶľȥ
󷽣ѧ˿˵ıӰвξþ֣˼乲ݣ˵սľ
ӣǸһľϲ
ѧһһŮλ벽ʵԱŮӣЦ
ӻع⼫ΪӣӦҲǷ֪
յϢһҪܣŭλ֮롣λ벽ʵУŮӿڣ
š
ӵͷգǿĶȫҪõ˭͸¶֣ġ
ǣ
ͷӦ
ѧ磬һ䲻۵ľУǵһˣ˼乲λǿ߻棬ȴǳƽ
һ㣬ľڣϷӲپǰ˵ݣԹԵϵĹż
һԣҲżȴ
ԼĪʱϷ̧ͷǰӣɳƵΪ֮һ£

ͷؽо䣬ǣ̫ԣŰǰұѾϢǴӺε֪
ħϷӿڵ
ţ
ԣɫһ
Űǰħսܲã򶫷һʮɸߵħݳֻ֣ԶԶܵвٻʱħѾʧΨĿռѺۡϷ
ɫԽԽ
Ȼħ˼䣬Ϊʱǰôࣿ
˵ǧ꣬ħ˼
۾ϢԪ뷲죬ǾŰǰħһսĺ֢Ϸӿʵ
š
ͷûҵΪһٶǰѻɢ״̬廹ԪϷҲû̫ԣħĽΪ
⡣
Ϸ̾˼ֻϣѷ裬Ȼ˼乲ҲԶ̫ƽ
Ϸˣʵ
ǧ꣬ãǲˡϷӦ
ϷӴһˡ
ַһ֣򿪣ӳһǾ޵ٻӰ
ϵŮӣÿһͷʮϣ˸˼
ϷӿŻ΢΢ǧǰˣ
ĲʣѾʼ仯Ҳǧ¡
ϷӿϵŮӡ
ûС
ϷҡͷϵŮޱȻĪ˵һˣƣҲ½
һ̾Ȼ׼ǻ̲סЩʧ䡣
ãϷʵ
հɡ
ӦʳľŹΪӣҪһΪʦΡ
ϷӵͷŮʵǲܵþָ㣬δ
һЦʦڸˣޣԼ·ҪԼߡ
ľ⣬˽̸ʱѧλƽ̻ʮλȫۣ⾲
ûãľŴ򿪣߳ľ֮ˣ΢Ц£
ǣϤͬȥӿɴΪָ·ѧƽ̿ڣ
ǵĺˣѾ꣬ܿͻ뿪Ͳ鷳ˣλڡ
Ц˵һ䣬мӿ˲ϢӰûգʧ
ѧ˿һĻɫ΢ʲôͨ
ԻظԸȥĵطɡ
ľڣϷӵ
ǣ
˻عѹв
ʳĴǰӰ߳Ŀ⿴ǰʱĳºᣬûǰȥš
º᲻ɴ˾ȫ䱸ǰ߻
֪˶ã˾ͻȻһĿ⿴Զ¶֮ɫ
λʲôʱģ
˾ĿЦЦ⡣
˾ǰ
ͷһȰɣŹʱԽĳɳԽа
Ķ£ʳġ˾

Ӧһ䣬ʵʱ²鿴ȴܵٵϢʢģѵô𣿡
֪
˾УֻܹǣеڶеĴϣ巽ſãδ֣λƫԶҲеһǣ룬ǵ־ͽʢʮ
΢΢ףˣĿ͸ȷˡ
⣬֮ϣηӿºκУʶڲӳǾ춯صһ
һգաճʱº˫ۻȻգ彣Ӧʡ
ĳûУºսһն¡
Զһص˵ͷӰûգȥ
䣡
·ӣǧﾪκȻֿ
ʦ𣡡
º˷ܵػعҪϤӰȴҲ
ǿռ䣬Ӱ۶ȥ
˾ԣֻǣܰתпܱˡ
ʱһǣϣ尲ҵˡ
Դĵؽ磬һգǿϷ磬ƾһɿֲѹǡ
ϣ¶ֻţĿ⿴ʡ
ϿգǿУһʮɵĸħնһֲϢ˲
ħĿ⿴ǰǣ̧𣬿ֲѹ¡
һ̣ϣ԰ƵѪԴɢ룬ԴԴϳǿȥ
̶ϢϣѪƬ֮ǰĴǣ̱˼
ĵľëȻϢǿУħȥʧ


1330 
ǿУռӰռڵ֮Уٶ֮죬š
ɣŽΨһպǰŲͣ¡
ǣبų棬Ϲشࡣ
עƬ̣Ӱӳǰȥ
ޱߵĴ½ݺֹϣӿϳ˷Ӷȥ
˼乲ǧһ־Ϊ޾ɢѰƵٻӰ
ϣ˫۱պϣʶУϵӳǧ﷽Բÿһ˵ס
ʱӰʧһƬȥ
ǧʮʱһȥ߱½뽮ȴûҵϤӰ
½ĿԶѰҡ
߱ǧɽ̤ˮǧĵȴѲ֪ΪһҲҪѰ
ʮ⣬һϵСУ֣ȴҲ˵塣
ųǽֵҩǰһλֲŮɴ棬ա
Ѿͷץҩˡ
̨ҩƹ񿴵ˣ¶Цݵ
š
ŮӵͷĿȼˣҹץҩ
ƹԣһ̾ⲡͷˡ
˵䣬ƹ룬ÿץ˼Ǯҩһ
ÿһΣĻ󣬶ǵðɣƹɫѵ
ţǵá
ŮףӹҩģӺתҩȥ
ֵϣ˲ʱ߹ŮҩģŹųǵһȥ
ųǶߣƽ۵ĵؽ磬ûд󸻴˼ңƽְ
ȿȣ
һ۵СԺУͷ׵һ߿ԣһ߱ƽ˼գǿ֧ŸŮ˵
СԺǰŮԺи첽ǰֹЩҾУŰɡ
Ϳˡ
¶ЦݣС̣Ÿˣθ˵Żһλ˼ҵţҪ޹ȥͲøܿˡ
ŮӳĬӹеĻƣҲޡ
̾ŮҲСˣվҪˣⱲӾôһŮҪǲܸ㰲һõĹޣȥ
ĲõġŮ϶
壬Լòˡ
ٴһ̾ΣһȥλǸˣΪ˻Ůͬ˰ɡ
ŮĬĬҩģûоܾȴҲûͬ⡣
ʱ֣Ůӽݰҩû˵ʱŮӷɴƻӳһǾ޵
߳ȥСգŮſеţʱɫȴѿ쳣
ŮӼ״߳ţôˣ
С̣ǲˡ
ŭڵǸǸѧˣ¥ĵطҲ֪ôġ
ŮӵͷǱ㲻ˣĪҪ׼ҩɡ
ˣŮ¶ɫ
ŮЦЦ࣬ŮֲһҪˡ
ƽ˼ң򵥵ȴԼҸߺҩϢˣŮʰӣҲ׼Ϣ
ʱСԺ⣬֣˴С־Ż棬һλųɫ԰׵˸棬쳣
˴ȻԺˡӿڣ
ǣ
СŶ룬ǰľݿ첽ȥ
УŮ涯̴ɴȥһ
Ҫʲô
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棬߳ӻظ֪ʲôˣǻ˴ߣŻ𣡡
ǣӡ
СǰץסŮֱۣԺȥµСסţȻ󣬿ʼŻԺ
ԺУ𣬺ܿ죬СԺȫȼܴ𣬻˳죬ųǡ

Ů˺ȻŮӵܵеùӣСǿгסŮӣѡ
ܻ£Ůϵɴ䣬ޱȻϣˮĿ
ӵûƭңȻһҼļˡ
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ӽԺˡԽԽˣЦ
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£Ӱǰ𾪵ĿУַŮӴӣˡ


1331 һ
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ץҡ
ףһḷ́
ţ
ĺص˵ͷչһЦɲǣǻʤ


1332 в
ųǣֵϣǹٱ·׷ɱ֡
׷ǰĺһ·ܣȭŹûչκι˵
ųƫԶǿ߼٣ḷ́ӲȭŴһ·
нֵϣľզ࣬ǹٱȴץסˣų֮ŭգ
ٽǰһλһѽĺקٳǰŸȥ
سţ
󷽣׷ϵĹٱ
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Ϣʱ䣬ǰĺ̵ٳײ赲Ľʿųȥ
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ͻȻˣɫһ䣬̵Ƴǳ֮ǰ
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ɫص
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߳һתĿ⿴ǰƳǳɻſ־֮ɫ£ǾԲٲ֣
ƳǳɫһʱҲƺʶʲô
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ջĺԡ꣬򿪷ţڷ䡣
ˡˡˡ
·ţĺ̿ڣӣܽȥ𣿡


1333 󿵻ʳ
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ڣ쳣û
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ң
ʱ󷽣Ϥʵ
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ĺ̽ŵǸղŽʱҿ˳ͨǵĻֲ֪ǡ
ǣ˫ȭѵ֣Ҳ޷ٸ𣿡Ц
ǡ
ĺ̵ͷһֱңԹ˵һСĸ
ǰֵһǰѾͷĶͷЦңΪ˵
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ʲôš
ЦҪ˼룬Ҳǰװ״ѽ
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ĺ۾ǰߣԴЩɡ
ͨ飬㲻̫ģٸҲȶȣץˣЩͨҲûˡЦ
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ĺԺߣÿζ࣬ȴҲҷ
յʱת۾͹ȥУͨɻڣȴûйٱᣬȻľ滹á
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ĿУ뿪Ƴǣжȥ
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ֻǣ֪ǽҪԸ˼乲ǧһˡ
һ·ϣֽһһɱ֣һܹߵĺ̵ҰС
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һʱ⣬ĺ̽ɥ֮ʹ߳ԸҲࡣ
һ֤ĺ̵ĳɳο

ĳǿ;ĺڸı˳ƺվɽۣԶ׳۵˼侰˷ܵ
ǰ˳ǰߵĿȥɫǴ󿵵Ļʳǣôȥ𣿡
ĺ룬ͷ
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˵꣬˱µɽȥ
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һ֬ˮ۵̯λǰĺͣ½ŲеΡ
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ĺͨĽӹˮָۣһĨֱϣ˵ͷӬʡ
ǱҪһˡ
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1334 
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ջ¥ʱձ仯߳䣬Ŀ⿴ǰʮλɱ֣ƽǵӻڤ粻飬ôʿɲġ
ɱ
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󿵻ʹڻʳԶԶȥΰɣɹһ㣬𺳡
ΪһǧϹԴ˵û̫дϾɹ˼Ĺû˾С
ĺ̴ңԶСһοʹССһ¡
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ĺԣعЩŵҲܽȥ𣿡
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š
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Ȼһ̣󿵵ȴһͣӲס
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󿵵亹ֱðЩľ£Ŀ⿴ǰӣˣΪ£ΪϵĶԹ𣿡
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ЦС£ֵһᣬһ¡
󿵵֮ɫ˵
ҵĽᷢҪһ󿵵Ļʹ֪Щǿѣԣ¿һֻҪܹ쵽ȫȥɫ
󿵵һعɫʲôԣ
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󿵵ɫ£´ȥ
תǰ󿵻ʳĻʵۣȴߵ
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ƽӦһ䣬ڣǰ󿵵ʥȥ
ӣģӰ֡
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֣һն£ʱϣؾ𶯣Ӧֿ
׵һĻ粻Ϸ룬һ֮׸ı֮ò
ңԶĵطӿѸٹעֿ֮ĴѹС


1335 һĳŵ
磬֪һն½ˮ룬׷ֿڵĻʳ
ϣ󿵵һĻɫ쳣
ú󣬴󿵵عĿ⿴ǰӣоβϷӿ
˵˭ΪȻ˼߿С
ǰ˽תƽ¿ɻ⣿
󿵵ǿѹеĲ˵ͷ⡣
Ǳȥɡ
䣬ΧռҡûӰ
󿵻ʹʥ˹ǰ󲻵һӵʱ䣬ȴѷ̫顣
ڣ󿵵ؿһӣڵˡ
һλ¡
ȥȡһöƸ󿵵ɫ
ǣ
첽ȥ
ʱһöƽ
ӹƣһ񣬵л£
ɣҲûٶƽȥ
뿪ãڣһ֣
ʥ˽룬ǾȻ޲Ǵ
ɡ
󿵵˲ܹԸļ𡣡
˵˵Ĵѷ󿵻ʳܹ󼰡
ʹ⣬ȴһӣĺһֱڰصȺûκν
ȼ𣿡
ʱԶ΢Ц
ĺתˣ¶ĵЦݣûС
߰ɣܽȥˡ
˻еƽڵ
š
ĺ̵ͷȥ
˽ʹ󷽣һĨٻӰ֣ǰˣɫ
󿵵ƽôڴУ
ѵǴ󿵻֮ˣ
󿵻ʹ˽ͬΣÿһеĹŮ̫ȫһǲˣɶ뿪
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һն磬ĴȻ࣬ȴҲڣǣµǣڴˣ˿ûиܵκ˵λûжΪֻ˵Ľһλҹڣ
֮λ쾳λ˭ǿһЩ󿵵
λԣԳĬ
쾳λǻʵ𡣡
ǰڵĻҹڣɫصλʵȷɲ⣬ǣʵؼǿߣӦв
󿵵ͷûٶʡ
ʹ԰԰˳
˲ں԰䣬쳾˼԰֣á
ϲ𣿡
ϲ
ĺȻһЦӦ
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ĺǰĵת˼ȦЦÿ𣿡
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ͷ
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һԣǰȪˮļɽЦѾͷϰ𣿡
ĺ΢΢һҡͷ롣
ϰԳҲפգٿǿ𣿡

פ֣ĺЩ⶯ȴҡҡͷҲϲ
ԣͷûٶʡ
ÿ˶Լѡĺ̼ȻϲҲǿ
ԸһҲˡ
ϢƬ̣ѾͷڵѾͷұ㡣
ĺСһ죬ҪˣԼߡ
ʹô˺ԶˣڻȥҪСգԼǽɾͳȥˡ
Цɡ
ĺһЩߵطǰ߱ϣСҪˣͷ
á
ͷѾͷǰȥ
԰ɲŮò£ԼӣһһԶ
ʹУһĻһλ˱һλ绪Ůӣɺ԰ʥһ·ȥ
ʥڣ󿵵λҹһĻûһǰš
ĺ̡ڵ
ţĺɫͨ
Ҿôһɺá
š
ĺˮӳͷ
󿵻ʹ⣬߳ؿջ·ϣһλŮ߳һƣƿն
Զ֪ĺ̼ǰС
ǰռŮƾ
ৣ
ͬһʱ䣬ǰ׵һ֣Ѫӿ죬Ⱦ죬һ۷¡


1336 һŭ
󿵻ʹ⣬ϱۣ죬˲졣
һн棬Уɫ𺳣ʹ޷֪
޿ݵĽʼգԼұۣһʱо졣
ʱ֣
УӰԶȥʼնδͷһۡ
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빬ϵŭͿֻţ㾡ɱˡ
һ˵ĽֵЩëȻĺ˰գƣطϰȻ˯ȥƽȣ
ߵĺԸѱϵѾͷ
ʱֵһӰӳ԰ټƣֵ
ʿ㳲ΧɱˣֵϣǰУɫƽˮسǰȥ
ɱ
ٺУһƵ
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Ϧ£谵Ļʳǽֵ֮ѪȾ
ٺʿһ⣬֣ȻھԵĽѹǰеֿȫ塣
һѪĿڱ˯ĺ߹ʬҰ
һֵǧ룬ǧ֮һڡ
󷽣ֵͷ繩⾪˵һĻ
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ˣº͵
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ĺ̷£վϣƽĺ棬һ
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תҪ˵ͻȻɫһ䡣
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󿵻ʳǣκϣԲѵḷ́Ӱֱʡ
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ΡΰһС磬ᾣﻨ㣬ɾǷ
һ̣쾳ϿգһƿնɢΣ߳
ǿޱȵĽѹХڣ쾳У𾪣Ŀ⿴ʡ
쾳룬һϮ׳ü¶֮ɫ
Ͽգע·ӣǵĻأ
΢΢𣬵˵ʲô֪Ǹô쾳Ƿøһ˵
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֪Ц
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Ľ
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׵Ľѹ쾳¡¡𶯣ѣ󲻶ϱ
ɲǼ䣬˼һ𣬽֮ʼΪɱ
ڵĽ˼ʣ޾ֱն쾳ȥǧʥء
ʣ򽣹⻯Ϊƣ죬ġ
£µӰһͷڷ裬ĿУΪĿİɫ
Уһ̣ɫһ˾Űǰ˼Ĳ񻰡
첻壬֪һ
µĴ˵˼乲֪


1337 ħ
쾳֪һ𽣣򽣹
׵ľµĽ£°׷Ӱնɱ죬塣
򽣹ݻٵ쾳ʯ׷ɣÿһ޴ʯϣվһλǿĵľǿߣǿˣ߾硣
̫
ϣűٵС磬ɫ£һ̤
ʵ׳ҫĿƴݿ࣬Ϯ֪
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˼乲׶Ƚ֣ƣ½档
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˽棬ɫնʱգʵ޽ȴǵ˽ķâ
ѪȾգһƺߣ
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ʮ⣬סΣĿ⿴ǰ׷ˣɫ𾪵
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¡һ˽ն죬춯һҹգ
һ˫ֲϣӲС
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䣡
˼δٶȱ಻Ĺƣ˿Ϣ֮
ǴѪ¡
ȣ
ʾʹܣһȣϻǡ
ʵ𣬱޵һʱǿߣȴǿѹƣŭ֣һʵԴڣҪתҰܵս֡
״ɫû˿仯һ̤Ӱٶʧ
ΨһͬʱƿػȪߣʱշս
޷׽ÿһγ֣ԷĽڵ㣬˽籼ףޱȡ
¡¡һѹһΧһһʯսನΪҳ
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ǣѪһһηɽĻʵ򲻶ܵǧٿס
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䣡
У˲Ϣ򽣷£罣꣬˼䡣
µľ쾳еľǿȻ˻ֿĽ٣

һ̣꽵սУһҽ˼ĵľǿԼơ
սģоηӿǰһĻ
࣬Եʵֲ˾
ǵѪĲ˼䡣
ϣӹӿеľǿߵѪҺѸᣬΪһѪؼ䡣
ʣˣ
ĿƹŲԶգ·
䣬Ӱٶӳٶȣǿޱȵսһɱ񣬽Ĳݡ
Ȼ˱֮У̧Ԫһǰδеӿ
ţ
иУӰ۹˲Ϣ֮䣬ӳ֮⡣
ǰգ¡¡ձĪɣɫӣӡ
ͬѰʽǰδɫ΢һӹɢԶɶ
ȣ
ǰ߱ã־΢һЩһɫǶ䡣
״΢Уǻʵ򣬸˼κһ
ǣħ֮
вȷϣԥŲһ̤ǰ
ߣͬɫӿʴء
Ӱɫ壬ǿжԿİ
ڣ
ǿҵĸʴܣѸɢѵɫʴ
㾹ѶˣΪʵ㵱ĳ裡
ܵɫѪȵŭʢǿиħ֮
ħ֮ѽֺɫһš
ৣ
֮䣬˽ӹɫӦɢ롣
Ѫ䣬һƺߣ
ǰѪˮȾ쳤ۣٴ־֮ɫǧһθ֮ܵ
ৣ
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㣡
ҵʹ־ŭսתӡ
սϣսʿ֮ˣǳ裬㣬ǿ֮
ӽƿʱգնܵ

⻮ϣֲĽ˳֣˿ڼǿɼ
ľʹɫŤʣȻıܳų֣μǰȥ
ǧѪʧʶ룬Ѿ˶Զֻǻеسǰȥ
ܣ𽥱仯ѩƮ㣬䡣
ǣ
ͣΣĿ⿴ܣã֮ɫѵѾ֮
ڶǸ˵׷ɱ
𣿡
һ̣ϣռһĨ°׷Ӱ߳˽ӹһ

ӺݺһǰĻعⷵգҵĲ
ǰסǰ߲Ѫʺɱ¶˵ǵĻأ
й⻪𣬺ĿɳƵԶȲǣ
ǣ
ǰɺǣһΪѻΪ겻Ϊ¡
ѻ֣һ־֮ɫ
ѻ֮Ϊɽһ˻ѳɰ׳գѻߣνɲܣʹ
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ײĲᣡ
ʧȥֱǰʺ
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ӵ𣡡
̧֣һգأʱվֹΪס֮ꡣ
Уȴʱյ
һ飬һһȫ³־й֮꣬
֮ʱ߽磬һ˫۾Զ


1338 Ϲħ
ϣӰնǰӿڣ֮ꡣ
УĽкϣķ
˵ɣЩ˵Ļأ
ǰе
㣬Ȳǣ
ڣ
ڤ粻顣
̧ͬûУӳ֮
ɲǼ䣬𺣼緭ӿ

ԽĲҽ쳹ʣڣ֮Խʱлɢļ
Ȼÿǽɢ֮ʱܻһ쳣ǿѹǿֹɢꡣ
ָ𣬲ֻأУԽ־壬־ֹʹֻء
ǰĮؿŻڲûκ
һգաʱһһչȥ֮У֮Ȼӽܵʹֹ࣬ĥλյĻʵ
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ֿӵԣû˼ֺ֪
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ɫŤ־ڣ˻ߵ
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Ӧһ䣬̧𣬿񱩵ӿѹǰߡ
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ǿΪ磬ߣֻܱ̭

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ռУὣֹɲǼ䣬һ⼫ҫ֮Ľֱʣᴩǿա

֣ưޱȣħиУδǧ
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˼Σֲۣ
ӽħ֮ȭգĺħ׶
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۽췣
ڣ˫й⻪ʢ⽻ӳն˼䡣
ɱħһŭȣ񷣬ǿӦ˼ǿ֮
¡ҵײħµ˫طѸǹⶼ޷ӳ

ನϹħ»ʮʮ⣬ǿסΡ
ǰӿľУ߳һ̤Ӱٶʧ


1339 ֮ս
ǿ֮䣬֮սȡ
ħǰ֪һս壬Ű£֪֮âʤ
񣬱Ტ۵Ĵڣ񳯣죬սϹħ
н棬ħȾ죬ħ˫˼䡣
죬죬죬ӳ֣ӰռڵУ˫һһ
ǿУħһɫǿޱȵӲ
¡¡𶯣쳹ǿգ棬˵Ĳϯ
ʱĹ˴һһŴǣԽԽԶ
ޱߵǳ鲼ӰУʽ棬һſǳֱӱ
쳾нµĴڣһ棬ǿնɫ
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ԶУ鲻֪ʱѾ֮Ŀ⿴ǰըĵӰû˿⡣
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ըģನɢħ߳ϰѪȾ죬ȴû֮ˡ
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ȷǱǿ֣ǣΪɱᣡ
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ϹŵĸҥĽĿ£񳯣Ľ֣ħ


1340 
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һ磬ɽ֮վѹ֮ܣྡྷһС
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Ű˼ʵһˣ񳯣ħ

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ֱ̧֣ӹǰߵֲӿϲʳǰһԴ
ɲǼ䣬ɫķһϢѸ
Űǰһս֪٣޸ѸȻڷվͬԴܹõںϡ

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1341 
ʮգ˶ݣת֮䣬ʮյʱ
¹ŵأһɫƣɢ롣
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ǿվͷһ޴ħӰ߳Ŀ⿴ʣɫ¡
ˡ
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һֱ֣ʱ󽻷档
춯صײ쳹ǿգ򽣹ħԪŰǰħ֮սֲ֣ľ

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Űǰ֪ɱħѹ壬Ű֪ǿ᲻޵С
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1342 ɷ
ֳ
ףˣڵǵǸҪˡ
󷽣һλŽɫµͣ½Ųʵݣ糯һҫۡ
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ֳԸͳɳ˾νǽȻ෴Ȼ˹ĽȴʮƣǿΪ磬ݰ
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ȿռ価ͷ貣ڰеָƣָ֪ǰС
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Ű꣬˼ʢһҹΪλӰսĿ־壬ٶȽС
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ՕDεΨֻоԵܾԼˡՕDĮ
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˵ɷײһִħӲ
ȿռ䣬ɷƾ춯أ޾
·˷Ϯף˫Уɫ֡


1343 ħ
ȿռ䣬죬ɫΣ֪ڵķڶ
أֲƣԾ塣
м䣬նƽɫκξ塣
Ű䣬˼߶ͻͽʵˡ
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˽ʧħӦʣĸĿ񳯷â֡
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㲻˵ĸΪ𣿡D񿪿ڣѯʵ
һԣҲлع񣬳˼Ƭ̣ħһս˾ħ˳˯Ψбͷսˣ˾ħ˲ָΪ
Dԣ΢΢ףʵӦð˾Ųʮˣ걻ӡħȻΪ޸¯
ӵĺǺܶθڣɴ߲Сڣκαƶ塣
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ԣһЦֳǺٿ佱ˣСλ˾ֳۡ
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ֳ۽磬ܿϵ˵ȻࡣЩ
ˡ
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𣿡
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ϧλ˿֪ϣʶһ˵Ľ
˽̸ʱʱգչħƣɷ׵赲ǰжȥ
ǰϢԽԽ¹⻪ʢһҫۡ
ǰеķһĨ
ԣ
ͻȻͷһĿ⾯ؿܣڷţĽľȻ˲
ǧޣĽĲ׶ҡֻٽѣ˼
𣿡
ǣʱУһõӰ֣ɫƮ裬ģ
ͣĿ⿴ǰŮӣɫ¡
࣬ȴҲư壬⵽ʲô
Ů̧֣ӣ׷ǧɣǰ֪
״ܣħ棬նǰߡ
ն£ųƮ䣬޼䲻ݵһ̾ʧܣ緲ֻնŮӼͷ
ħ
񾳣ՕDһĨĮĻȣȤˡ
ӵ治ôĹһһ鷳
ֳ
ǰϵЦݣЩ㲻˵ħٻ𣿡
ǡ
ҢDĮһЦħĵħףȻټȴĲħִֻܹá
Ҫܳħأ¶֮ɫ
˵ħ𣬸ûɱİ취ȻᣬҲՕDƽ
ܡ
ֽ߬޾֮·ȻҲһһħѣĲ𣿡
ģģ򣬴ħԶ𡣡ՕD񵭵
ɫһԽǡ
ȿռ䣬ħǧ׷ǰ·
֮âţԾħ赲׶ֳ֧׾
ݵĹҲǰŮӵ쳣ɫ
ʱУħ̧һɫƥΪ޵ǰ
״ɫ΢䣬תƣնչɫƥ
ϢʽĶеһ˲ħͬʱۣһն
䣡
ӣʱձ岻ȫ̱ս֣֮Ѫ䡣
һʧǰŮӰٶȣԽؽޣ
ﬣ
뽣½棬ԵٶȶԾ
䣡
жԾͻȻŮϣȫһȻ֪š
һѪ죬һˣƾԡ
ǰδǿ֣֪ͨеʽһһʽƵȡ
ٲ֮⣬ֲ̧ѪĿ⿴ǰģŮӣɫ¡
еĺѩŮһΪԵŮӣҲǼ̵ˣǰŮõʽǳǡ
ɴ˿ɼǰŮӵԴļ䣬˵ħˡ
ƽգҲѰû
֮ǰĿ̧֣ħԪۣԥһԼ顣
飡
ȿռ䣬ĶǵһĻԸ飬Ѫӿ
̣Ѹлص˲Ϣ󣬾硣
Ŷ
磬ՕDɫɫ״
ӵľϣĿ࿴ˡ

ȿռڣ֪Ը飬ܵħʹõ𲻶·ʱʧ
ǰѪУ˫ۻ˫ɺ죬ѪȾ


1344 
ʱգħ֮ǰԸ飬ȥ䡣
֮ħҽУʹز
ѪУ˫ۣһһǰȥ
ħ˻ֻΪצǰš
ͣȾѪץǰצħӹһնŮ
ĲҽУ쳹ȿռ䣬֮ħɢ
ǰ貣ȻֿɼһǰУʬ⣬ޡЦԡ
ɫĻħʧȥйȻΪħ
պʱվͷ߳Χãǰ½磬ǰδ˾̾
ϣһ޴ĽУǱΡ׳ۡ
񹬣ָֻΪһ˵ĴڣՕD
ǰӰһһŮɫս£òʣӢ䲻
ԱߣŮһϮ°׳ȹƮ衣
ˡ
ՕD񵭵ϧ価٣޼ֵ
һԣûԼֳһ̤ǰȥ
ǧ⣬̧ͷǰȻŮӣڵ˫˿ɫʡ
ϢӰǰӣ绪¶һĨ΢Ц˾ӭ硣
ৣ
⣬գ޶ĿܵŮΪľ޴вֱӵķӦǳɱ
״ɫ΢䡣
ȻѻΪħ𣿡
ǣǰۣՕḐֵ߳ħ
ֳĪҪ
󷽣񿪿ڣ
ˣ̵Ľѵ
ՕD˵һ䣬˫ָᵯһǿޱȵȻǰ֪
⣬ײһɽɽӦ٣ʯ졣
ŵʵֻ࣬һУ֪ܡ
ˣՕD񿪿ڵ
D񡣡
ҡλ߳
ð޿ˡՕD
ǣ
λӰʧٳ֣ٵɽǰ
ֳ
¶ɫˣɣ㲻
ħʶİ´˾
ՕDΪɫĮѵҪֳһħӶ𣿡
ǡ񽹼
ÿˣΪֻʮգʮպܴл߳ՕD
⣬ٵɽǰλսɽµϳԶ񹬷ȥ
߰ɣ񹬡
ՕDƽ˵һ䣬Ӱȥʧ
ֽ̤߬ȥ
񹬺󷽣һ쳣ǰλֱ֪Ӷȥ
ǰ׵Ĵȣֲ¶ȷٵռ䶼Ť
ϿգӰ׹ȻϿ֮ס
ɲǼ䣬ӿû֪֮
λ뿪ʱϿգĿ⿴·Բѵ֪оǵǡ
˾
񿪿ڣ»ڣԴԴϵɢû·
ʱ񹬣ڣՕDʢ
ֳҪΥ𣿡
ϣՕD
ϿգһɫȻ
ֳʵܿ⣬˾ҪֻܿԼˡ
ڣħϯԶ
ħԪϯˣȻ޾ĻħԪ
պ֮أȻһҲҪ
֮УԪ޷ָ˼ħԪˣʴ˳£ܹóų֡
ʮգƶݣе˵ȴȰ껹Ҫ
һգڣδѣŻħԪ壬ǿŹ˹ȥ
ڶգħԪȻʣ޼ҵ£ħڸɺԡ
ǰՕDһƬĮĸ߰ɡ
ڵǰעţԽǣգ˾ȻĴļգҪγܡ
ֳ㾿ʲô
ֳٻ˽һЩȻ߰ȴɱֳ˾޳ԹûɸϾɱ
ͬʱңԶϼʲʱʡ
磬𣬷𷨾ž
Ͽգһŷҫǿ쳣
磬𷨹ΪԷΪûκԺ
һգ̨֮ϣ˫Ŀ⿴Ϸڵᡣ
𣡡
һΪˣ
һöת쵤ǰ񹬣պλՕDһϢ㽫˵¡𿪿ڵ
ǣ
˫չֱ졣
𣬾ת쵤һλ࣬ǷЩǷסϣһλŷ𿪿ڣѯʵ
ƽȣһʤ߼λ࣬˼ͬħ֣öת쵤㵱л񡣡ش
ϣŷ˫ֲϣһûٶԡ
Ϸ񹬣Уħľ壬ҵʹഫ˫ۻ
ڰ˫۰ףŭǿӲ֮
壬ڣħԴҲħ
Ȼֻһյʱ䣬ħԴ㳹ױʼȼ޾ʹʴ֪ԡ
Ͽգ·̡
ŵ죬յʱ䣬˾岻ܳŵȥ
ͳŭڶ߻صʹ࣬˫պϣһ̾
ȻȲֹʹнѰɡ
̧֣»ʢǿޱȵһƣ·֪ܿ


1345 
磬Ĵϣߣѿ׷ݵϹʱ
ͬ˼䣬粢ھԵͳߣǿ󣬲ĳ֡
ϷՕD񡢱Ůۣ֮ͥȵȣϣ̫಻ɶĿǿߣϹʱԶʱգ಻
ӦУͬǿħеħ壬ħ
紫˵Уǿħ˿缸ͷʵħ伣û̫Ķ
ȻħλصĽգδ֪ռ䣬һǿ쳣Ĵ˫ۣĿ⿴񹬣һĨɫ
Σ˼ľһħ
ħʹȥ񹬽λ˼ħۡ
ǣ
УһħеӰ߳˲Ϣʧ
ڷħʱ񹬣Ͽգ֣Ҫֹ֪ʹࡣ
񣡡
һ̣ϣһױȵѹ٣ՕD߳ɢȥ
ֳ㣡
ɫ΢һŭɫѲܳŵùʮգѵҪĥ𣿡
õɣՕDɫûκα仯㲻˵Ϊȴʧȥģ
ԣɫһĿ⿴·ĥĴ˾֮ɫ
ѵδ˾𣬵ǣʮʱ䣬已̥Ĵ˾ҪŹȥ
ԥãһ̾תȥ
ֳ˵
ϿգՕḐ֣̫û֮С
ɲǼ䣬ڣӿ
УȻΪһˣգ޾ʹ࣬ϳ

ʹƺе͵˻˵Ұޣʹ
ҵʹʶǧǰļƬµٶ֡
ȫͬһĻǧ֮ǰ֪Υԣ֮࣬գٶȼǧ

ƺߣͳѹ֣ģվվȡ
Ȼ֪ĽȴǲԼ£ǿʹࡣ
սȥյʮʱ䣬ɻд롣
УอȫܵԵشȻάòʵѾɢȥ˾ų
һգļޡ
ڣڵսʱУ˫£Ҳɢȥ
Уر˫ۣгһ̾վûܳŹȥ
ͬʱ񹬱ӻµһС⣬ӻţƮ
СУǰλ൱Сĺͯڵϣɫ쳣
λͯǰվһλߣϢǿ˿ߡ
ʼɡ
λУվмһλڣɫ֣ص
ţ
λߵͷͬʱ֣ںͯͷϡ
һ̣˵һĻλͯڣһʮǿϢѸڡ
红ͯؾʽ֮˷ܾԼ֮·
һһҹλ߻λͯɫƣ쳣
Ҫԣ֮˭֪ʧܣЩͯʧȥʸ
ԣĺͯʱгԷһ
ɹˡ
ǰλ֣ο֮ɫֶλɹĺӡ
һǵʲôһԣͯĸĸε
λͯ㿴ңҿ㣬˻ڵ鿴
䣡
λͯмһλͻȻȼޱ߻棬ǿڳˡ
̫𣡡ͯĸĸʧ
磬ֻՕDܹƿ̫ǧо
ϢĪҪ˲ǰһλ߿ڣɫص
ͯԣ֪롣
Ȼ̫治֪Ǹǻһλ߿ڣ̾
Ǹǻǻ㲻Ϣپ취ɡλ߿ڵ
ţҲֻˡλߵͷ
Ȼ˵Ļδ䣬ɫͬʱһ䡣
ֻУħӿһںڰеӰ߳ףֱץ̫ĺͯ
ħ
ڳͬʱһôħ֣
ߣ
λ߷Ӧ̵ǰŭ
˭߲ˣ
ħУħʹ˵һ䣬λߣӰӳ̧ץǰͯ
ՕDĵؽ磬ħ֮Ҳ̤㣬Լ̫𣿡
ʱСϿգ޾̫٣Сǡ
УһŽɫսµӴݿʣӢˡ
ՕDպս١
D٣СУħѸٱپ˿档
ħڣħʹɫ΢Ƭ̶鱣Ӱʧ
ϣՕDħʹ뿪ûг
μD񡣡
·ɫ
ɡ
䣬ՕDӰ£ߵĺͯǰڵԸ񹬣
ͯһɫ⡣
׶лD񡣡
һԣͯĸ¶֮ɫ
ĸ׵ͯӣ׶лD񡣡
㲻غ£᲻뿪񹬡
ՕDǰͯƽ㷽ãδ̫ʮ̫֮Сɣǰ񹬡
лD񡣡ͯ΢ȶ
ՕDͷûٶ˵ʲôӰ𣬴Сȥ
񹬣У֪֮ʶš
أƤѣϰ䣬ѪǣѸٻһ
գաʮգת۵Ĺʮʱ
ǰՕD֣ɢȥĽ
ʱ֮ϣ˳𣬻Ϊ޴ĻӰա


1346 
磬񹬣ƾ䣬Уϯֱ
ʮʱ䣬ؼʱ̣ԡ
ϣƣУ죬쳹硣
ǰՕDĻ𺣣΢΢
ûӲ
ȷǷ˵Ķ츳ǣҲÿһֻ˶ԡ
ȴʱ⣬Ҫǻ˺ͣ˺ͣǿҵ־
ûмǿ־ע޷ߵ̫Զ
ӣϸˡ
ڣ첽߳Ŀ⿴Ͽգ¶֮ɫ

ʣ˷ӿΪڱգ˵ľһ̷·նȼ
ˣʱƿػԡ񳯣˵֣¡
񹬵ؽ磬һλλ̧ͷʣ֮ɫ
Ƿˣ
绹з˴
˲壬Ը߽࣬ͨ飬ԣֻҪǷˣضӵѪ
˷ܺܵͣУûз˳֡
Ͽյ󣬾ڵĸõٶһ˿
ȥô£
ƶ߿ڣ
ǣ
һӰɳ񹬷ȥ
⣬ħʹĿ⿴Ͽգüͷ塣
ˣħ
ħ˵ħ
Ļͬħͬһ㡣
ħӿħʹӰգʧ
ՕD񹬣ҿ̫Ѱɡ
ϣϢУӰһϢ
벽ʵķΪһֻ壬߾
·¶һĨЦݣŴӣڵ˾ӭ
񡣡
ǰͣ½Ų
˾ؿ
΢Ц˾ƳϢգ˾ָٴ˾Ĵߡ
֪л񡣡ٶ
飬ȴ˾ȥϢ񿪿ڣ
ǣ
Уһλ毺õŮ߳˾롣
ͷȥ
˷뿪ãǰۣՕDƾն֣ƽ񡣡
ֳ
ˣӯӯһ񣬵ǰֳСֳǸ
á
ՕDĮֻ뿴жѣܻ߳
Σ˾ָܻͷΪֳûСûҪֳл¶΢Ц
塢ħԻ٣ֻ·ͿԼܲܽˡՕD񵭵
ԣһ̾һǲףڻȥıħֻܽ취ˡ
ՕDͷû϶˵תǰ񹬵ؽڣһͯʱ̫Ҳ֪ˡ
š
ףֳѾһôʲô⣿
һħՕD񿪿ڵ
ԣɫ΢ħǲѾʧܾ
Ǹӿ£
ܿع񣬹ĵħ϶Ǹ֪Ǹ̫ĺͯҪ䲻
ἰʱϵǸû¡
ՕDɫûгֵħ磬˵ħҪдˡ
ɫ£伣ôõħ羿ζ
ħҪʲô಻֪СһЩΪЩӣҲҪСЩҪħ֮˿ɳ֮ՕDѵ
š
ͷֳҲǣֳ񹬵ˣȻǵҪĿ꣬Ī⡣
ס
ՕDףûж˵ʲôǰȥ
ʣУ罥ȥ¶ҹ֮١
籾ְ硢ҹУǶՕDǿԭʼȻ˼ķҪǿ࣬ͬҲҪϢ
ԣԶʱ缸ͷִһһ£Էָҹ
عȥͬһҹ棬ϵ£ҲΪĽɣȻǿ֮ˣҲȥء
ҹ٣¸գ⣬ħƣħʹ߳Ŀǰûг嶯ǰ
֪λՕDУһضᱻ֡
ħ𽻴Ǵ˼ħʮգ׳֡
ħʹǱѰһʱԶжĿ⿴ǰ񹬣ֳԥ
֮ԣǸдһϢ߳㽫ת쵤ˣǸȻҪöת쵤Ҫδã
ãз˵ľת쵤һҩȥ
ɲǼ䣬ڣԪӿ羪Σ
ǿҩ
֮ɫת쵤ΪʵѰҩɼ
񹬣ڣՕD˫ۣĿ⿴Ц
֮ʲôʱҲ˼֮ˡ
ǧ߸ܵ񹬵ǿѹٶ˫չѸȥ
ԶħʹҲܵķüͷ塣
֮ˣôҲ
˼ħ˲Ĺע
񹬣һǰӰĿ⿴£ɫء
죬ʲôأһһˡ
ܰһ걻ᣬΣڵϦ뾡ҵ졣


1347 
񹬣Ρ׳ϣبų棬ԶѲɲ顣
һǰ˼Ž֮ʱ
˾ûϢ𣿡
֪ʱ΢Ц
˯š
عˣҲϢ𣿡
񡣡
ЦĿ⿴£ҹϲʱ⡣
ԣһЦ˴¡
˼һ𣿡
һûȥ˼𣿡
ҡͷϹʱؾ޷˼䣬Ϲʱףԣûȥ˼䣬
˵һ٣ɫ΢˼Ϲʱһľ䣬ҲǧֿԽ˼䡣
ɫ£ˣʵʲôõϢ
ˣỹûʹ㣬ΪλıҪ磬ܰһ꣬Ǻ᣿ʵ
졣
ֻ˵֣Ŀ⿴Ůӣȴش
һļɵ
ܰĻǣ᣿
ãȶ񣬿ʵ
š
ͷ΢΢𣬵֪ˡ
֪мأ̾
ءӦ

ףӦҲ֪ڤ߾֮ɣֻܸ㣬ͬǾ֮һǿԶԶڵ󼰣飬㻹ǲҪ֪Ϊá
ԣɫ£ĻҪء
ߵĻӦòֹܰһ˵ģûгִΧ˵ЩɰȻԣҲ̫żȰ
ͷʵ磬ǵڼ죿
һء
ʵشǿǿھҲպû˸׽
ԭˡ
΢΢ףѹ翴ȥ˺ƽ˼仹磬ǿվҪ顣
ݵĳĬӣڵ˾Űǰ㣬ָΪİ취ڣԸ㣬Уȷ޸Ϊİ취
ԣɫ֪

ɫ֮ˣͯʱڶᾭһ֮ЩͯѲͬһ޸֮ĺͯһҹɿɽĸ֣ɼ֮Ǻεȵǿ󡣡
ǣҲ֮ˡ
ɵЩӦ֮ڹеǱֻǽЩˣվС

ӦϣֻǷˣڲûǱ޾ԣ֮Ҳÿ˶ɹˣҲһ޷
ʶǣҳһ
ţ
ͷ˵ʧܣЩӰ죬ڵܸ𣿡
һЦʵƺˣ˷ħѱǾñħգȻǺ£ܣҲܸ⡣
ͬˣʵ
⣬ܹЦ
á
Ȼͬ⣬ȥֳ
¶ɫΪλҪֳԼ𣿡
ֳΪʤֳ࣬ɹĿԻһЩش
ɫŮӣһ
𾴣һĸԸ
һԣ΢ַסǰߣ˾ôŰǰӦ飬ȻҪȥ
ֱĿ⿴ǰһ峯µһ̣ΪΰΪʼһϡ
˾Ϣȥֳ
ҪûٶתҴҳԶȥ
ĴڣһɫӴ֧ڣՕDĮǵĿ⿴ǰ֪˼¡
ʱ⣬һ񣬵ֳܽȥ𣿡
ڣՕDջĿ⣬ƽɡ
õĿ⿴ǰֳֳСһ󡣡
ǸࣿՕD񿪿ڵ
š
ͷֳ˾һ
֪Լ˵ʲô
ՕDĮĪ˵ֻһ֮࣬ˣʸԳ֣
ֳ֪⣬׳֣ǣǴ˾ΨһָΪİ취ԣֳ˾һΡ¶֮ɫ
ΪԽԽˡ
ՕDƽһ࣬һ𽵹ϧǰΪֳ֣ʲôرֵ֮˸
ϣ
ϿϣھʱŬһЩŬһЩֱϣ٣̫ˣ˼ȴͬսֻ࣬Ψϣ֮ˣܸߵҲϣֳ᲻ҲĻ˼ͳûϣ
ǰՕD񾲾Űõһһãһ̾²Ϊ
ԣ¶ϲɫһ񣬵лֳ
һҹ̫飬䣬½硣
ɫŽϢã㱻˳һͬǰ
񹬵ģ֮ՕDڵĵط޾˸̤㡣
ǰһɫսµՕDƣӢˡ
ֳ˴ˡ˵
ՕD񡣡һԣͬһ񣬵
Ļ˵׼ʼɡՕDƽ
ͷӣҪţֳڣ¡
ЦЦͷˡ
˵꣬ǰϯ£ӱպϣͿ
ǰՕD£̧𣬶ʱһѹĿֲѹӿû֮
Զֽ߬ŵǡ


1348 
񹬣̫ӿֲѹ
֮ՕDԳ֣֪
ǿ壬ڣԪԶײһ̣⻪ڣ˱Դ
Դӡݿ֪࣬ÿһ羭
ȵ̫𣬷֪̼֮ѪǲΪ֪Ǳ
Χڣ˵ܣɸС
ՕDľǿߣȻļӣһһ¹ע
ՕD񣡡
ԶһλλиУĿ⿴񹬣¶ɫ
쳣ϢӦՕDΪʲôˣȻՕDԳ֡
ՕDһΪϹʱ
ǸˣՕDİã
ʮ겻ֵՕD񣬽գ𽵹ٴΪʵ˷˼
ȥՕDΪ˭
һУȨ߿ڣ
ǣ
Ϣһ⻮գ񹬷ȥ
籱һֹϵĹ֮ϣڣλվŮӾϢ쳣ǿÿһλ˼ʵ֮ϡ
ʮÿһ綼ǺպǿߣδȻ紫˵е
Ȼ֮ϣһλ񻰵ĴڣŮۣ
һգߴ֮һȻ´һ
FȥһˣһὫץ
ǣ
·λŮУһλŴ̳ȹŮ߳
̶֮ʱ񹬣ǰ֪ؼʱ̡
Χ˷ӿ׵ܣ죬𺳡
ޱȣͬԭʼ񣬷ڵǱصøԼ
޾˼У߲ǣߴԼǱгɳΪһǿ֮١
ʱǾԹƽΪսˣ󲿷ˣֱֻԪݽߣȥ
̫һһ龭ǱѪ
Ȼʱһȥڣȴʼûκζ
ԶŻеˣԽԽš
Ѿһһҹ֮ᳬһҹһʱ䣬Ԥʾʧܡ
ʱѾʣ࣬ѵ˾ڵǱ޷
̫ڣȻʱ佫ՕDΪǰೢ
ѳŵæʱ̣㲻и
ǰϥſʶǿʹࡣ
أһһҹȥ
Զгһ̾ʧ
ʧܣԴ˾˵νĽ
ǰ£ϣϣ
ՕD֣תȥ
ֳ
ǰ񿪿ڣҪ˵ʲôɫͻȻһ䡣
ֻǰ𶯣һǰδеĺӣǿƵ̫ѸǱƾնֵľ˺ѹơ
ţ
ՕDиУ׿ˣƽɫ΢΢

ɹ
֮£Уѩϯޱ޼ʵĺӿֲܣڱξ
ѩУ֪建𣬰׷ңħ
ɹˣ
·ع¶ϲɫܸܵ˾ڲӿǿ
ʱϿգѩЪ޾Ҳ֮ʧ
Ӱǰ֮һ񣬵лD񡣡
ء
ՕD񵭵Ӧһ䣬Ҫллɣ֡
ΣܹɹҪлDɫ
ՕDûжԣת
󷽣ǰϲ˿ΣЦֳһֱ㲻ؽ黳˾ϲɹ
飬֪һлᣬ𡣡
ǰŮӣɫޱ
Ц֮ͣطϣ˾ػһǧ꣬Ӧ˵лŶԡ
˵һ뿪Ȼֳ˾Ͳˡ
ͷŮӳǰȥ
ǰͣĿ⿴ǰޱߵ磬ԡ
ã񿪿ڣº͵˾֪粢Ǳ⣬ǣ֮֮˼з羰Ϊ˼Ѿ࣬ʱΪԼһˡ
ĿǰͷһܰĻǣ㲻ˡ
ף²ףҪӳ飬񣬷۸Ϊһɹ󣬸ָΪҲֻʱ⣬ħҪ޸û뵽취ħ˽⣬᲻ֳлѯֳ
ء
ҡͷҪ޸ħħ
С
ͷɫǰã񹬵ĵؽڣһħ֣ͬ˼һħĴڲΪݣԣħҲѰ
ԣɫ˵ĻҪѰħټ̫ˡ
ˣỹûʴ˾оʲôһ˿棬
ЩȻֳ̫𶼶ѹƣ˵֮ˣ˲Ļ֣ʱԾǣԾҲнޣ˾㣬ѵѹֳ̫ʵͬѰ
ֻͨĺѣûر𡣡
̧֣ǰƬƬᣬǧɡ
״üͷ壬ͨĺ֡


1349 
񹬣󣬵һչӣء
ȥƽ֮УƽԶԶûдǰʱǾ˵ܡ
üԡ
ɢȥؼĺһ£һֱʣܹʵ֪
޷˼Ӧ
ǰѺǷҲ硣
š
ͷȷֻǣܿ뿪ˣ಻֪Ҳֻ֪Ǿ֮һһֻΪڣҲ뿪磬ǰ졣
ԣĿ⿴ʣһһֱ׷ǰĽŲϧȴԽԽԶˡ
˼Ĵ潣ߣĽɲ⣬ֳˣ޲ڣ˾Ϸ£δĳɾͣκˡ
ջĿ⣬ЦЦҲǰԣԶǰǰѣÿ˶Լ·ҵ·ǾȫػΪֵػЩˡ
̾δ·֮ܳˣȱıʱ䣬ȴеǣң֮·ʱ֣ᷢǰķ羰Ȼͬһʮ
ϣˡ
ЦӦһ䣬Ҳϣôһ졣
˾ʲô㣿ʵ
뿪ĴߣΪָȫ߾ش
ͷ編򣬲ͬ˼䣬̤߾ԽΪףԴ˾ԣֻҪΪָʵ̫֮¡
˵ӣ˾ʵѳԽѰʵǿߣ˾Ӧ֪ʵ𣬲յ㡣
š
ףĿ⿴ԶʱǳΪЩܹصǿߣڤԴݿ֪Ҳŷ֣䲢ֻ죬̤ɣ̤֮ϣиǿĵľÿվԽߣԽ֣仹иߵĶ塣
ĬƬ̺󣬿ڵվԽ߿ԽԶﵽӦĸ߶ȣЩԶ޷Ӵ֮·ֹȻλ߸ϵ߾֮Ҳδ˵Լվĵط塣
˵ĵطɣֹ֮·յ㾿δ֪磬ƽ
˾ʵ֮·۷ʱ񹬰ɡ
ΪΣʵ
񣡡
ɫ˾ڱԽϴ񣬵ǣὨ˾ڻʵʱٻĻδ˾֮·Ż᲻Ӱ졣
ϹʱߣľʱԷɽ磬ɳصϴȥ壬Ϊδ䣬ʵȴǴأ⻯֮Ϊơڵ
š
Ӧʵ˼ļޣҲǵľյ㣬ҪͻƸߵľ磬ڵϢɱΪߵȼĴɽĻɳغϴ񣬶ͬĹЧԪԪӽӽصıԴԣ˾ҪøǿҪһ
ˡ
ͷл֮գ߶š
룬ַһö֣ɵǰС
ĵؽͼһЩļ򵥽ܣ濴һҪ鷳
л񡣡
ʶɨֻǼһ飬ܵ׳
˻ֺ置Ҫ²ȫ߱顣
˾֪ԼҪ᲻㣬ֻǣǰ·ѣһҪСĽһ˵鷳ǵûɫ
飬֪ġ
ƽӦһ䣬˫ǰأ
磬ֽͬķ羰أ
񣬺ڡ
УӰɳǰȥ
ڡ
󷽣ǰԶȥıӰ
ƾԾɣ˼̫Сˣѿʼƴ˾ĳɳޱߵ磬뿴˼֪ľ¡
ǰՕD߳ĿԶɫƽ޲
ڴ˿ص࣬ߵ̶ֳȣΪˣһˣ
ϣڴ塣
עƬ̣ՕDתӰʧ
֪ʱ磬߻ع飬ǰ
ҩ͵𣿡ҫ۵ķУ𿪿ڣ
͵ˡ߻ش
ͷϢɡ
ǣ
ȥ
뿪ãǰһλװŮӿڣȻ֪˽˾ת쵤ΪβԴ
£й޹أ޹أĵȴɣһգǰѰƽ
Ůӵͷз񣬲ٶʡ
ϱߣޱߵĽϣ°׷ӰǰУһòһ߻ָűΪ
֮ܣвޡ
֮·İÿһؼ䣬ƾ޾ûڣɺԵĵ
ǧ·ΪһǧױȵŨȣ֮·쳣˳
֪˼գڻ۵ľ
һգʣ
ߣľ٣ӽһնɹľ
Զħӿһ˫ʼչעǰߣȴᡣ
񹬻̫֣һՕD֣ҲеڶѵĻᡣ
置ϣ֪ոһյǰС
ʮպٵڶν٣٣ɫ䡣
Ƶû֪֮ƽϴǰӿֲ
ǧǧУ߳׷裬ˡ
ʮʣƺȻѿǲ֪ʱնһΪ
һգػ߾һϢ춯ء
ǧޣȴһأ񳯣ʰػ֪֮·첻衣


1350 ı
Ͻޱ޼ʵĴϣǧټǵǿħ޾ల¡
置Դʮַḻ쳣ϻ⣬һ²дģս
ޱߴϣ°׷Ӱ뿪񹬺һ·жȥ
µʱ䣬ᴩģ˲֪Զڱ仯¡
ǰڵ˾ͷԭʼĲ֣ʱǴϵƤ£ʢУֻѰ岿䣬ŵľĸ
ľһطʵǿ󣬾Ͷɽ֮
ĸ£ԴѾֲ֣ǿ󣬷˼ɼվǿߣѰԭʼѳԽ˼̫ࡣ
츳ԴĲ಻ƽȣվŬֲܹ
߳ģǰУиŮ֯ͯشϷÿ˸ְȥ֮
峤ˡ
ǰһλľ׳ӿԶˣر
У峤߳Ŀ⿴ǰɫ
ӴˣʣѰˡ
ǰȥкСһ㡣峤ڣڵ
ǣ
Ƶͷǰȥ
ǰǰУľ׳Ӻ¶ѺõЦݣ·󲿣֪ǷԽ
ԣһӦȻԣѣ롣
˵꣬תǰ·
ں棬Ŀ⿴ԭʼķòʼմº͵Цݡ
ǰҲй۲ˣҲܸо˲򵥣ޱ޼ʣܴ߳һܹ
峤λ˵ҪҴһ̡
Ӫǰͣ²ӣЩǰߣһ񣬹
峤Ŀƹųƺ󷽵ˣϵ΢΢𣬵ˣҪȥأ
ɽ
û΢Ц
Ŷ
峤ԣ¶ɫɽݴа·̣ˣѵҪ߹ȥ𣿡
š
ͷ˫Զһ·߹ȥҲһУ𣿡
峤ǰˣ΢΢ף˼
˵һЩĵմӵܻøָķĥԼǰ˱˰ɡ
˼ˣ峤Ŀ⿴ǰӣƣλСֵܳɡ
ǣ
ˣڵѣ롣
롣
ͷȥ
ƴ·ʱ˱˲䣬һСɽ֮ϣָͣűɽ򣬲ԶѿҪһЩʱˡ
͡
һǰȥ
СɽϣƿǰӰԶȥת˲塣
䣬峤ǰһλսĵŮǰߣЦ˼ңѯһ£Ǹȥ
ǣ峤
ˮϡ
ŮЦ˵֣
峤ԣɫһ̹
˼Ҳؽš
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ɽ
峤ӦλӸ뿪ãӦúܿ׷ϡ
л˼ҡ
ŮЦӦһ䣬ڣһˡ
䣬ŮУѩĩս١
峤ɫһ䣬ҪȴɽѸٱ⣬ֻ˲Ϣ֮䣬
˵ľŮֶû̧㳹ױ⣬˻Ϊܣš
ԶƿһĻӲϲŭӿ
УŮ뿪׷ĽŲȥ
Ůӷ뿪ãűĲ䣬˫ֽ߬бŭ֮
ˮϣ
˫ͨ죬е͵˻𣬻иղŵˣ
ԶСɽϣŮӻףŲеӣһĨĻȡ
Ƭ̣ŮջĿ⣬ǰȥ
巢飬֪һ·ǰУɽ
ɽɽŽΪϸĽܣɽϸΪǿĽɣڽŲ׵ļ⡣
ɽÿ궼һ۽¸֣Ͻʮһ۽ѹ˽꣬һ۽ܿῪʼ
ý֮ˣ뿴ֵĽ˼кβͬ
У·̣Լ˫ȣһ߹
󷽣ŮӸ棬Ų⡣
Ҫȥɽɹȥɣ˫ߣҪߵʲôʱ
к棬ŮҲûż֣ĸں棬ǰ˾Ҫʲô
պǰһλӸ£ŷ
ǰ߳·ŵӣɫ
飬ȥô£񿪿ڣ
ǣ
߳·ȥ
Ӻ˵ҪDйˮϡ
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תȥ
˼Ƭ̣뿪ȥ
Ĵڣȵƣѽ
ǰֳ
£
ڣՕDѯʵ
йˮϵ¡ش
ݵļžڣʢһϮɫսµՕD߳Ŀ⿴ǰãˮԶڱʮ񹬺޽к£
಻֪¹˺ܾãӦҪҪ
ՕDͷɡ
ף̧𣬶ʱ£岻ķٻǰ
𺳣Ŀ⿴ǰվˣ̲³˵ݡ
ƣՕD񣡡񣬹
˵ɣΪ£ՕD񿪿ڣ
D񣬻Ϊҳ
Ƹףɫʹؽǰһһʮ˵˳
ǰǰԣоǾɫ
ֱܲ㽫ĸ֣߾߾ˮΪ˶Գ֣
ˮϵλŮ۲֮ˣ¾ô¡
˵ˣǷλ˾ՕD񿪿ڣƽ
ͷӦǣ˾Ŵ˼磬ܻˮκν¶Ȼ顣
񡣡
бʹڵλˮϵŮ˱ҳ󣬱׷Ǹ˶ȥûйϵǸŮΪҪѯ䣬Ϊҳô£

ՕDһ䣬ȵ
ֳضŭ
һ̾Ŀ⿴ǰӣģ˾йأ᲻˽
ˮŮۡ
ՕD𣬵ҪԼһλˮϵˡ
ڳһ¿ʼ֮ʱϽϣһ·Уҹ̳ɽȥ
棬˳֮µŮӸ棬ĵգȥ


1351 
ɽ͵֣ｮľ޴ɣϽʢ
һ۽ҪʼϽУٽյ룬ǰ䡣
ͬûܵ룬ȴڴ˴۽һ˵Ľϸ˷ԾԾԡ
һ·֮ϣǰȥμӴĽ֣ΪǿߣȻӽʵ塣
Ͻϣǿ߲ȻľǿߵҲǱضǣϾһط򣬷˶
ɣԳһС磬֤ʵܹһСĻʵǿߣȻ磬ҲԳƵһ
ʵ𣬾ų϶ѾʵҪ˼Ҫǿ࣬ߣѲϹʱɽ֮
ǰ·ϣϢƣһһȣ󷽣µĽӡϣˣ¶
磬һյ͵磬޹˼ɣҲԼķâ
ǧ⣬ҡŮǰµĽŲɫ
λ˼ˣʵô֮졣
ڴ֮ʱϢûˣֻʱ䣬̥ǡ
ǰǰУں˸粻֪һڣԽҡ
һǰһйｮɽǰͣ½Ų
ۣԶϣһʴ£·޴۽̶̨ߴǧɡ
ɴܣĿױȵĴ棬̫˵ġ
ɽΧϣ˻ֳι״ųйǰɽȥ
·Ƭ̣ǰС
ɽǰɽĵɽ֮ӭɽŶҪϸļ飬һЩѾõҲ⡣
ɽؽ磬ȻħҲ£˵ɽλ棬Ϲʱʮأʵɲ⡣
磬ǿ߲һþãǣĹãһûߡ
һλɽ͵Щޱ˵ҷֻܰչؽܼ顣
ǿһܼͬɽš
ɽźǰ̱仯Ŀһ崣ֱ
ɽɽź󣬹оǧŰپʮ壬ɽһԼ佣Ϊһ壬ɽ֮ɴ˶
񻰴˵Уɽһӵſħ֮Ŀʵħյľսʧ٣Ӵ䲻
е˶²⣬ɽһѾսɽΪ
Ȼʵˣܹȷֻ࣬ʱţµĳС
ɽУеͣȫڲͬĽ£ΨĽ壬ǰ۽Ŀ˿
һǵɽһµ̫塣
ɽһ彣̫
Խ壬侪˵飬ɽʮصĻҵؼԭʼ̫
˵ɽֳ̫ħնɱ
˵Ǽ٣˿֪Ϊδۼ
磬ʸ񱻳Ƶħߣ඼Ǿʵһ
̫弫Զһ߷ϣϷ嶥Ŀ⿴Զ̫壬ƽӲ˿
̨Ҳ
಻Զһϣһλģ˿ڣѺЦ
š
ͷ΢Цͷ
ҽз̨ôƺ
Ц
֣ɽҲΪ˲μ۽𣿡̸

ףӦҲǰɡ
Ȼ
¶Ϊõһ
ЦЦǷҪŬˣһ·ϣҿٽ֣ʵǿ
Ҳǿҹ
ǡ
Ц̬ǲʵӦҲǲ
ҪõһʵЩѶȡ
·ϣˣϵĽ⼫ǿÿ˶ħʵ
֣ҲҪŬǰߣľ
š
ףûٶ˵Ŀ⿴Զ̫壬ۿڴ˵еĽ
䣬ɽУһϣ۽ԽԽ࣬۽֮ˣϽ̫ʶȤ
һһչȥϣǰ۽½뿪ջ
̫£ɽŸʣİٶˣɣɫ
ʮչȥʣ°ˣһԻ
̫岻Զһ½߾òʣҲжʮꡣ
ȻɽеӶ֪λ̫׷Ȼǻ˽ľ֣㽣䶼֡
ʱһֱǧ̫ͻȻѹڣ˸˼
̫£ɽиУɫһĿ⿴壬¶ɫ
򽣣
˭
ɽӰ̫ϿգѰ֮ˡ
ֻǣ˲Ĺ̫춯ֹͣѹ
Զ½壬ʣµİ뿪
ڵĽϣ״¶ź֮ɫϧ
ʱеĳ̫̲еһĽ⣬ۿջ
ܼôǲףϧΪβٶּء
뿪̫֮׷ϣ½Ӱ֮ʧӰ
£һ£ʱһɫԶʮ⣬ζ
µӣΪϢδǿѹȻԳܡ
ʮĿӣ˭û̫ȡ
ã΢΢һЦǰȥ
һ̣ϢײԵĽ⣬ֱ´ء
ʮպ۽̫ǰһϷҪҪӿڣƽ
ԣŲͣ£΢΢𣬵֮á


1352 ۽
Ϊ̫ףӳΪ̫׷֣ԭ֣ǧǡ
̫׷ǿ˿ɣȻɽҲС
һҪĸݣǱɲ⡣
̫׷һûг뿪ֻһ׵ѺۣӰɽ塣
ԶһλսŮ߳ǰѵĽ壬ɫ¡
ɽÿ壬Ծ󷨼ӳ֣ʮضֻ࣬ǽײʹһѣɼ˽Ϊ¡
̫׷裬ǲ֣ǣλ˼ĽߣҲɲ⣬𾪡
һһ̽˵ĵϸˡ
ʱһȥպ۽̨ܣһ۽ڼ
һ֮ϣɽͬλ۽ʼ
Ĺغܼ򵥣һ̨ʮˣܵõ̫յĻᡣ
ͬǰң۽̫򽣣кܴĻõĴС
ȴʮ򽣵⣬۽ĵһõһ̫ϰ֮˵̫еĶ֮Ȼֻһڽ֮·Ҳ档
һϣĹͽ˶
̫ûʲôȤϵ֮Ѿ㹻࣬յ֮־ڱصá
֣
󷽣֣
ף꣬΢ЦҲ
̫ˡ
˷֣ܵһȥ󣬲ǽ˰ɣ
ˣ
ԣ¶ɫ˼ͷԣ
Ǿô˵ˣ
ǰ˵֣ȻҲܰѵһø㣬ǣõǰʮǿԵģ
ǱлˡЦЦӦ
˽̸䣬۽̨Ͽգһλɽ۽ʼ
߰ɡ
ƽ˵һ䣬Ųһ̤ǰ۽̨ȥ
󷽣ϣȻֵǲ
һ̨̣ϣǧټƵĽߴϢȫԽ䱸
۽أ뿪۽̨߽֣⣬óɱˣΪ֡
۽̨ϣϢǿԶ֮ϡ
ʵһǻĻʵԪӿѹڳˡ
۽̨⣬һϣһλλĿ⿴·ɫ졣
λĻʵһ۽Щͷһλڣ¶֮ɫ
ʱһֱڲ飬Ϊ׷ǿľѡʵһǧҲһЩˣѡ񰴲Ͱ࣬ʵ֮ѡ񣬸ȹ̣ͬ֡
ȻҲмߣʵԲΪҲ޷ʱŻữ˼٣ΪԪҪʵԲ̫ѡ
ΣӵԪĻʵǿߣʵԶԶԽѰʵ˵Ĵڣ˼ûͻΧĻᡣ
λһϮµ̫׷Ŀ⿴·ȴûа¡
̫ʦܣôȤ𣿡һԣڣѯʵ
һ۽塣̫׷ƽ
ԣһ̾˵λĻʵǵһϾֻһЩͷġ
̫׷ЦȴҲûж͡
Ϊߵܹ
۽̨ϣһսʼʶõ˽ˣ٣ڳϹ˻ˡ
ʵ㲻ͬǰ벽ʵľ磬ڶ۽УߣȴҲ͡
֣˲˺۽̨ϹԸ̫籩¶ʵÿӮö֣ʱҪ
ȻҲа˷𼸴ΣϾڳЩʵ׵ĸ֡
ʱĹ۽̨߽磬԰ټƵӰɳȥ½һ㣬ȥʮ׳ۡ
ͷԽԽ߽磬۽ֻ̨ʣ°ʱ˵߶ˡ
˵俴ȥ̫ˣΪȻǣǱ˿ӡ
ϾʵĲΪս飬ľãսضḻˣ̫ᡣ
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Χ˲Ƶѵ
һҪõһܣ
Ը
ֻսԳ˶ѣԼܴô𣿡ڵ
Ŀɨƶʮˣ̱졣
ܣ
ʮ˺Χɣһ˲֮ںȵ
䣬ӰԶȥ
󷽣һҧѸٸȥ
ʮɫһͬ׷ȥ
ټ۽̨ƴܣ󷽣ʮ׷ʹ򣬾һʱˡ
־磡
۽̨ģλʵ֮һһλɫ£һն罣ѹ־еˡ
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󷽣ʮλ߱ûôõֱӱɣ۽̨
գ
󣬷µһѶͷ亹Ͳôһ㣬Ǿͱȥˡ
۽̨ģüͷ壬ʽȻܿˡ
Զ㡣
ܵ۽̨Ŀ⣬һ䣬û˵ĵطȥ
ŵ飬ǰŷ࣬Ѹٸȥ
۽̨ϣңţսˣµ˶ߣ˭
Ȼ˳⡣
۽̨ģ˻һֽۣŲͬȥ
ǵľսʱڴ֮ǰҪЩְŵļһﶼȥ
۽̨һǣˣ֮ʼպ˱Զľ롣
棬ɫŹֵؿǰߣڵ֣
ţףʵôˡ
ó𲻽ʵ
ЦЦԶ
˵꣬ջĿ⣬ս
յʱתۼ۽̨ϣʣԽԽ٣ͷԽۡ
ڣλʵУǰֵ½ٴζˣ
ۼ½߿ɫ׼ȫһ
֣ԸȱǿĶʱٳ֡ǰƽ


1353 ѹ
Ͻɽ޴۽̨ϣϸ̶ֱƶˡ
۽̨ϣݺᣬ˱ɳȥǿʵڻλǰԵ˲һ
ټ۽̨ϣʣĲѲʮλĻʽ֣ʼʣµˡ
۽̨һǣ½ֽ߳һѹǿޱȡ
ĻʵǿߣʵȻǳԺϾһԪɱΪԪ׺صıԴս
ǰ߳գϹҫ˽֡
𣿡
½Цһһ̤˲ǰ
߽ս࣬߼䣬ڽϽ棬ޱȡ
ʮн棬кΪ˽ʡʱٽս½߲ûʽ䣬ȫԸ
Ȼ벻ǣ½ߵʽȫ⣬Ԥһ浹ûз
۽̨⣬ϣɽ֮Ŀ⿴·սɫ¶һ˿Ȥ
׷˵ʽЩ˼
ƽ棬ÿһȴ·ϵȣ޶ȵѹƶֳС
˽λ½ߵǿ󣬻Ϊⳡսͨͨһߴ򶷡
̫ףĽΪߣ˭ʤһλڣԶ̫׷ʵ
ǿǸ̫׷
λԣ¶Σ̫׷ôϧ
۽̨ϣ֮սԽԽң½ԽԽ𾪡
ˣ⣡
̶ĽԼƣһսԷӣ½ԽԽѻʽ䣬ָ͡
Ȼ̲ĸֻͣһ˲ĻᣬǰӰһǿƥһƣȻ½ؿڡ

һƺߣ½ӰɳɣۿҪ۽̨
Σһ̣½һ̤Ѹۻأһն¡
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ս⣬¶֮ɫСģ
ۿҪתս֣ڳĿⶼ£ȴĽ
Ŀ˽һ˽ͻȻҫ۵Ĺ⻪½߿һ̣أһ
Ȼײ˽âأֱӽ½۽̨
˲ı仯۽̨⣬ɫ¶֮ɫ
۽̨ԵҲŵؿǰӣһ̣·ѿ˴ˡ
ǰ鷳Ŀ⿴Զλʵ⡣
ͬͷ⣬ջĿ⣬н
˾ǿʵǰСˡ
ϣɽڣ΢Ц
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ȻעȴķŮϣΪŮӳúÿΪŮǿ
٣ǸҪǿһЩ
ĸˣһһֿ򣿡
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Ůӵͷͬ
¶΢Ц˲˵ǵĶִ֣Ӧõһλһɡ
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˵䣬ϵЦݽʧ˽棬˻
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䣬ŮĽ־˵ܡ
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ɲ
ӽؽĿ⿴һǰ֮һƣǰߡ
ৣ
콣˱Ƕ˲䣬֮ŮӽһγУǧٵ
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սУλʵһۣڡ
˵ʵ֮ǿ
ϣɽ֮һɫҲ¡
ǳʤ˵ռŶеĽңѾûκͶȡɵĿܡ
λ˵ʵԲȣ
е𣿡
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Ϊ
΢һ˼


1354 ̫
۽̨սȣλʵս֪˫죬ơ
ľХҰĿУŮ졣
սڡ
ЩȤĶˡ
ԶֳؽͬעԪǿʽ
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˽գӽӭжϣҪӲС
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Զ̫׷ɫľٶΪʲô
ս֣춯شӲ˽У۽̨¡¡𶯣һѺѸӿ
δ𣡡
Ѫ䣬۽̨ϣսУʽǴĿ
ԭĽȻͬϧĳ̶Ȼܲҡ
˵һ䣬ڣȥྡྷ
һ̣Ӱ˲Ϣһ˫֣ͬǿһƣӡλʵ
һѪ죬Ӱֱӱɳȥ
δսȻԵʵ࣬һսδĻ
λʵһˮ׼δӳȫѹƣΨһУֻ֮ܳ
ϧʽչһ̣ʤȻ¡
ǿǿĴĿģս⣬һλλѱ̭Ľ߿۽̨ϵˣо֡
˾˭Ϊǰδ˵
ӣܻܿδȫϣɽڣ
ѵתħ𣿡һԣһλ²
Ӧòǡ
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۽̨ϣķ΢ЦҴӦ飬ˡ
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۽̨Ͽգһλɽڵʤߣ𣡡
һ䣬Ȼ֪˵ʲôΪá
λɽѱɹ𹩴ã⣬ǰʮǰ
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УܵԶһƵĿ󣬵һЦûᡣ
۽ǰʮִۣķ죬һ̫ͬȥ
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߰׷ӣҪҵĵطֻҪһ仰𶨵ǡ
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̫ԶԶȥͬһ۽߽֮޷ȫòܸܵΨǳصѹ
۽ɽУĽ½뿪ĻźΪԼûܷȫʵûڡ
УµĽߣɫ쳣ŭȻҪѹƲס
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½ԣɫ΢Ŀ⿴ԶŮӣһʲôʱġ
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̫ϵĽ⣬ɬѶ⡣
գתۼǰջĿ⣬ЦЦ
ûһ򡣡
̫⣬λ¶ɫ
һ죬ƣû뵽ûܹ̫ϵĽ⡣
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ˣ
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ʱ̫ǰȴ򽣵ķͬڣȫ̫塣
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ˡ
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˵̫꣬׷Զ̫ˣ̫á
ɫһ䡣
һ̣̫һɼǿѹգ档


1355 ̫֮
̫壬򽣣ʱǧ֮ٴ̫⡣
ɲǼ䣬̫𶯣һɼصѹɢɽ
⣬̫׷׷ˣڵһʦĺϷ¿ɸһۣ
кβҡ
΢΢Ӧ
룡
̫׷ƽ˵һ䣬ǰ̫ȥ
󷽽ϣŲ̤ȥ
̫壬һѹڣɽͬλиУǰ
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̫أĿ⿴ǰķ¶΢ЦԸ̫£ѧϰ̫
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̫ǿȻϽպգνħĴڣܰ£ٺò顣
ȻڷҪ¹ʦʱ̫ǰһǿĽѹֹ˷¹
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̫ǰɽλɫһ̫Ҫʲô
̫ף÷ɽڣȵ
Ӧн̫׷֮λʱӦ֪Ϊʲô
̫׷Ӧһ䣬һԽԽˣȻ̫澪һѹУ಻˿ѷɫ
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һһ̫׷Ŀ⿴ǰ̫棬棬֪ʮ꣬㾡Ѫһӣֶȥͽʱ飿

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֮ġ
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һ䣬ڴɫһ̫׷ʦ棬治Ҳ˵
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ЩԻص˵ͷû׵ô¡
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þòףȴҲѡ
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̫ǲǳѲҪҪǣ̫׷ʣֻ̫Ƿŭȴûз˵̫׷Ļʵ
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񱩵ľκУ̫׷ɫ仯Ŀ⿴Զ̫׷壬ڵƶ뽣
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ЦЦô˵أһ£ǿħҪܵġ
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޴ĻԻϼӣѹһе
̫壬ɨ̷ɳȻײһ塣
̫׽ѹ̫壬Խž
ȣ
̫׷ٶȳȣָ̫棬Ȼѹ¡
һ˲֮䣬ţ˵ĽѹϯأΪνն·̫档
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̫ףĽ
Ϊλʦܡ
䣡
̫ǰţⱬɱ̫档
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¡¡𶯣ڶٽɽʯУ̫Ӱӳɿݵգһڽ֣һն£ǿƷˡ
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⻪ƣ̫׷һƺߣ졣
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գѪϴⰹ̫壡
ʮ⣬̫׷ͣ½Ų˫ָѪӿѪȽ
ݵļž˲Ϣ𶯣Ȼһһ˵ѪɫѺ۳֣Ѹӣֱ⡣


1356 ʦ棡
ۣ֮
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һ̣ʣѺУѪ£ޣ̫ꡣ
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һԣҲɫλ̫滹ĺԼӵĻɽ꣬Լʹ˴ֶΣǵһμ
Сλ̫Ķˡ
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̫׷ǰһؽڣ赲꣬Ȼֻ赲Ϣ㱻ɢƿգն̫׷

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̫ף
λлعҪǰȴֹ
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̫׷ƣ˵һ䣬̫񽣲أתȥ


1357 μ
ɽĿ꣬御٣ʮصĻҵһɢ
Ϊһֹ̫׷̫׽̫֮档
һսϹħ̫滯һ
̫ȥж̫׷֮λӴˣɽκιϸ
̫һս֮󣬽ִ̫ϽһλɱħľǿߣȻҲָ
һĶǵĴսҲ뿪ɽʶɽ֮Ľ̫ףв顣
ջ̫壬ԭΪΣҲֻԼ֪
ûж˵ʲôÿ˵·Լѡ񣬲۴ԣȨʡ
뿪򽣷жȥѰ֤ûʵ
һ;ƿһط򣬱̤ľ֤ʵ뻯ԼС硣
޽ܹԼС磬Ȼ˼ǧ꣬ȴʼûлۣʧȥõ֤֮
ʵ֮·ܵõĳϡ
һ׷ħػع鱾壬Դﶦʢıƻʵоųϵϣʵ𾳡
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ʮ⣬һų䣬ųǣμаհҵԣμǹʱǿħԣ˵ߣΪȫҪܵѹơ
Ľһ·ϣഫ˵μߣͬһڸָԭ򣬲֤
дԣμΪǿħΪǿԵߣħУδ
ֻǣ˵ԶǴ˵ǧǰμʤȴû˵һ˵õħĴС
˳ǣĴѰ֮ء
ȻСǣȴûһҿջƺ֮˶⣬ٲŵ⡣
С꣬ɫ΢ڽֵϣһ´ʪ΢ЩǱ
߽μǣȻһΪҲѹƣ䲻ڱͨˣȴҲࡣ
Ĺųǣɫ㣬һī˲̴
ãЩƣվһɷʱꡣ
ʱ֨ѽһ򿪣߳һλµˡ
ɡ
̬ƽ͵
ԣǰˣһͷ
л
ݣУһյ͵ƣ谵ӡ
ɣҸ㵹裬ůůӡ
Ц˵һ䣬ߵһԻ¯ǰһ衣
ߵǰ£ӹ϶򵥵İ裬Ī
ȱղ꣬
лл
ӹȲ裬һڣ븹߱ȫٸϵƣࡣ
ò衣
Ե̾һ䣬ĺò裬ûкȹˡ
裿΢Ц
ԶһЩӦ
裬оһǧꡣ
ԣеĲ裬
š˵ͷ
Ҳ
Ϊβܣ˷ʵ
΢΢һҲԣǧΪβ㲻
ҹ۸£һ˪޵Ӧɱ֮һְɡ΢Ц
ʵ
𣿡
һǰЩӣɽħƣȷ̾һۣвٵջ񡣡
ʱұɽӦ
ǻˡ
˸п·ϣ־ͬߣǼ¡
ĵδԲ𣿡ʵ
֪
ҡͷǧûгǣԼһߡ
Ϊβȥӡ֤
ųǵط򱻼ѹƣһղǣһղӡ֤˾ǧûгǣʵ˼
֤֤˵Ҫˡ
΢Цϰİȥ󣬻᲻ϰ߰ɡ
˼ص˵ͷã̧ͷǰˣڵ˶ǰ𣿡
һЩɡ
˻شڵǸɱ˲գ۵Ĺ֣Ľһ񳯵ĹʦһЩˣݲ֪Ҳ֪ס˶ãд󲿷˻ͨˡ
һƬĵط
пȻطѹߵΪǣ֮أȴûʲô˷˼
ǿǰʣΪУվϣƽ
һ̾ǰɡ
ıƣҪԴĴڣμǣǶ
µĵҲ𣿡˿ʵ
š
ͷ·߲ͨˡ
ֻ裬ɱ¾֮£̫ڵܰ㣬Ľ֪ʶԨҲܸһ㽨顣˵
ĿŴĵƻ𣬿ڵЩˣɣ֪δҵ֮أ
סֻסգʵ
룬Ҳסһذɡ
ڵĸڣһշӣһϾƹµģȥס˵
ӵأʵ
ԪˣǰˡӦ
Ǹ¶Ǹ
û¡
ҡ΢ЦϾƹͻˣĻ˵ʱˣʲô壬Ҳһ
ˡ
䣬Ϊ˳ֶεʤܿߣмˡ
亮Ѻʱ䲻磬Ҳˣȹȥˡ
š
ףգ߰ʮ㵽û涫Ҳȫȥ΢ʰһ¼ɡ
л
ٶȵлȥ
棬ĺѾСţתǰȥ
ٲ⣬һľǰͣƿţС
Уɾɼƽջǰɨó۵ȼ͵ƣ۲ľȫò
ľУֺܼ򵥣һŲĴľһܾû¯ӡ
¯ԣľ̿һЩ룬û
ҹɫ٣΢죬һǰš
⣬һλսĵŮվںУɫЩ԰ף
ܽȥܱ𣿡Ůӿڣ
ȻʧЦɡ
Ůӽݣżͽıڵľ΢΢
ʵҲǸողӵѾȥҲΪ˽ޡ͵
СŮFôƺŮ

ӡ
FЩ𣿡
Զ¯ӣŵֻһƹЦˡ
˵꣬ߵ¯ǰһЩɲʼ
ˣ֣ƺЩϤ
¯ǰһһ߻ͷһŮӣڵ
˵ҵ𣿡
FԣһЦˮŮ£һλŮҲFɺ϶ѡ


1358 
μǣªľݣľУ¯ɢҹ⡣
Զˣɺϵμʱľбܺꡣ
ֻһŴʣҹһҹٶˡ
ӷȣܶʱٻЩһŮӡ
ˣF뿿ڴͷʱ˯ˡ
վڴǰС꣬Щʧ
磬ԸΪˣٻȥ
ò
죬Ƽ򵥵֣ɵ̬죬һǿ
ҪܰĻǣøǿ
ųǣĶ棬һǰµľǿߡ
ףˣڳлǧ꣬á
ĵȷʵ⡣
ħʱڱ㲻̤ʵƲɼõţģƽ
֪ⲻǺ£ȣĽҲ⡣
ֻǣ֪Զ¡
˼Уųǣֺһҹȥ콫ʱСҲͣ
ֻǣμǵɻûз磬ܲ·ʱꡣ
֨ѽһƿ߳Ŀ⿴Щ谵Сǣ룬׼Լһֽɡ
СУʿνƶĺ٣󲿷˼һԸ㣬ŹֵСǣ롣
ǰѰãҵľͷڡ
ʱ̫ãľͷѾЩ࣬пɣǿһɡ
óһСǰʼľͷ
ʱɡǴųΣõӹ̶ϣȻĴѰֽĶ
ʲô
֪ʱǰFʵ
ֽɡ
ڻش
FĴ˿ûУȥڽһ¡
˵꣬FתŸڵȥ
ʱF߻أһֽݸǰߡ
ϻۡ
ӹֽЦ
FЦһԿţûж˵ʲô
ǰСĽֽɡϡ
ǧһɡн͵ֽɡгɾ͸Ȼ
һԣF͵͵ЦȻĳֽɡģҹͬ
ôÿ𣿡иУʵ
ûа
FЦ
Ҳôá
˿ʱ죬룬ֽɡݸǰŮӣɣʱá
ãá
FϽ־ܾҲϲţɡòϣԼðɡ
źؿһɡٴʵ治ã
治á
F϶ͷ
ðɡ
ԼɡЦˣƹһûü㣬μΪʲô
ѽ
FȻش
ЩؿǰŮӣҲģ
ô𣿡FЦ
ǵǡ
΢Цֻǿƽͣǵã֮ˡ
ҲװأFЦ
ǹϷ̫ˡ̾
ˣ˵ˣأΪFʵ
ĲȣǰѰҽİ취ֱԲ
Ȼ֪ԼĲȣβȶģΪҪԶFʵ
Ļôƿԡε
˵Ĳ𣿡FЦ
Ҳ԰ɡ
ֻһط̫ã˼δҵ취
͸ڵĴһŰǰҲôġ
FָŲԶ̣ڵںûͨ
ǡ
Цƹû˵㣬һڲͬˡ
ʶǰŮӸӡᣬս̸䣬֪һӡеʱĻƭˡ
FȻһЦȻ˵ҿҲһڲ֮ͬˡ
ЦЦûٶ˵Ůˣ򵥡
˽̸ʱ棬֨ѽһ򿪣һλ߳һϮɫֳۣһ۱ܿһλˡ
Ŀƹˣɫ
ӦþǸ˿еĽˡ
棬ǰˣ⡣
¶Ƶ΢Ц
ģ
ڵ
š
ͷ
Ŀ⿴ԱߵŮӣʵӣ
ǡ
΢ЦѰɡ
ףȥѧ̸
롣
òͷȥ



ʱУʼһһ̶ִ
̵ĴСǿʼˣǸ˾ְĽ飬ũũββ˭Ӱ˭
վڷǰСǵİ̬ľƽ
ڣһλŴõũ߳ǰȴ
Уű۰ĺֳô飬һһ£֪ƣ
˰ںũߣҪʱĿ⿴Զˣ¶ƵЦݣûг緹ɣһɣҶһЩ
Fһۣһ̣оЩˡ
̺ܼª˽ʱӻ˰ں꣬ˣ΢Ц³԰ɣҸǴ˷Ҫһܳԡ
FЩ˼ǰ£ϼ򵥵ķˣмꤡ
СǣԼߵ顣
԰ɣҪ
һ£˸һЩˣɫº͵ûôأҲͺͬˣҲҪ
ﻰǴˡ
F¶ĵЦݣ
⺢ӲƯҲ𡣡
һ㣬øЦտã
ŮһĴָԼƨĹѾˣû뵽ǿиǿ֣һɽһɽߡ
ŮԶԼ䣬ƹ㺰ãǽвڡ
ԶһЦʵˡ
ӵЦݣŹ֮ɫ
ҪǸԲ˸֪ǰһλɱ˲գ۵Ĺ֣һʵʵĺӡ
˺ܼ򵥣ζȴFԱʱӲæ֮£ǰԷ
磬ллдFЦ
Ӧõġ
ӺӦһ䣬Цǵ̸Ӧöߣô֮·˳𣿡
һУǺ棬棬λӣ൱˳FȻЦ
Ǻǡ
ЦѾͷ죬ǹġ
޽Ŀƹʵ
šͷ
ɱ¾ٴʵ
š
ٴεͷ
ӳĬãڵɱ¾֤ҵδᲽգȰ㻹Ǹ
ˡ
̾һҪҪûʱĵ
Ǿӽɱ¾֮᲻ҪȫֻڽЩı䡣
˼Ƭ̣վҡҡͷˡ
̾Ȼ޷ı䣬ǱɱһɣĶ˼̫ࡣ


1359 ͵
μǣ̸̣꣬ã֮һ;ͬԵ㼺
һԾţҲ˵
ʮԼֻ־֮ͬʱŻ᲻ôľګ
˺ͶƢ
һټ򵥵緹һʱʱ򣬸˺Fһ˽̸
Ե⣬࣬䣬þãö࣬Ѿǧ꣬ʶ
һʱĹ򣬷ǰļ۵Ĺ˽
ˣھһģòˣиϹŰӣ
лָ㡣
ʰӣæŴũߣF뿪ˡ
Щ̻˰ɡЩĵ

ֻԼӵʱ̬رԹһ䣬һ㣬ȴǼΪܹжʲôǶԣʲôǴ
ǸҲ˲˲
Ǹ𣬺ǡ
ЦЦûж˵ʲô
Ǹʵ򵥣ܴùĻûмߵǸˡ
̸ڣ˻FͣǰªֲľݣڵҪڳסһʱ䡣
һԣ˼ǰ̸û⡣
˵Ҫڳסһʱ䡣FЩ
š
˵ͷӦ
Fлðɣס
Żع񣬿ǰŭѾѹסŮӣЦøƹҵط
ǵء
Fлʧ¶ĵЦݣԱ߽һСݰɡ
룬ͷá
Ұ㡣FЦ
á
ٶȵͷ
FЦԽãʶȤ
ĿѶֽ̻ӣȥѰľģFѰɢɢĽ칤ߡ
Ůӵģվ˸ϸһЩȷֹͬŬ
μǺ˷·࣬ϵķâҲôˡ
ڴǰF⿴ƹֵҪȻоӷȣҲᡣ
ʱ䣬ӳ⿸һһľģаռ״һǷҪæ
Сǲȴ飬һһЦŻӦ̬á
У˿ǰһһ˰ľˣ˵Ǻڽӡ


ǰȵ飬һȥʲô԰æģǸμǣز죬Ƕæ
ţ֪˵ͷӦ
æµһ죬Ϧʱ棬ǰ󣬲ڸʲô
Ƿӡ
У׼չ̧ͷһۣڻӦ
ס
Ӧǡͷ
ֶһ
˵һ䣬תȥ
Űӡƽ
ԣһЦ˾Ȼ
ߣϦ価СҲ£æһˣڵԴ
ҪԡȥȻᡣFǰӣڵ
һȥ
Ҫ͵Fĵؾ
Σ˵ͷģġ
˵꣬߳ӣŹ
Fʮֲŵؿһ۷ţȷûз϶Ű
Сǵҹǰվ棬û¹ҹգľƽ
ƹأ
ʱڵĸڣ߳ٲ
ԡش
Ե˸п
ЦЦԵͬ
ƹɱȸѶˡ΢Ц
Ů˵˼²
Цҹôпճ͸͸
裬Ҳġ˵
ԼĵԶ𣿡ʵ
˭˵ġ
ЦȻ֮ˣҲԶһ£򣬺÷羰̫
еͷ
͵𣿡
ͻȻʵ
һȻʧЦ»ã
ʱ
ҲΣ΢Ц˲꣬ڣʹˣʵࡣ
ʱҲ
룬ʱѪˡ

˴Ц˶ˣ
һǧꡣش
ӻǧˣ˿
¸ƸһǰתЦ
һס
Цǰǰһӻûл
ЦҲûлԣŬȥ
͵Σ
˰ѻתأһ
׿һݣΪѵðɣѾӦƹﲻ͵ˡ
ӦôˣͲⱲûʳԡһЦ
֨ѽ
ʱ˷·֮䣬̵Ŵ򿪣˶һˮˣĿⲻƵؿһˣģͲѧá
ǣɩôûϢǺλСֵܿЦ˲˼
˲ĵƹĿ⣬Сֵܱϲѧ
ɩģҲġЦӦ
ŷĵػȥٹǰһ۲Զˡ
εָָ̣ҡͷ
ûзشǰ߹û£ǿ㣬ȻƹҪˡ
Ǹղ˵ôƹѾˡ󷴿
һôġ
˺ֱקǰߣźľȥ
СݣƻУˮڣˮУһٻӰزӣ˿䣬ڻ谵ĵƹԵˡ


1360 
СУŮԡǣС⣬קһ˷ܡ
ǧֹ꣬ͬˮ޲ҹżѪ˺ԥһ汳ģһͬᱻ˴ȵĹ
ԸҲ֪װģ˾ӡ
˵ǰСţҪƿһŷ죬ȴѾ
ƹ϶ڷǣҪ͵ˡ
û£ֹһٱˡ
С˵һ䣬ǰ߳ݺȥ
ݺ󣬻ʧޣѾʼ˸ļ󣬵ϸ΢Ѻۡ
ǰһľʱƹճһ˿ѷ֡
ƹ⣬Ӵ֮ˣڵ
Ϊʲô
̫ûȱ£ЩšȻ

һη˾˵ĺ޳ܡ
죬졣
˴˴֣ŵ

Ͼܾ˳ѵСıƹ﷢֣ȡ
˲꣬ʲô
˰ҪͰѷ磬ҵǸ﷢ˡ
˵꣬˵ͷŶ˷ܵ׼͵
ӣ㲻ΪŰ
ڸʲô
ʱ󷽣һȻʵ
꣬Сһ㡣
˽ŵһ飬ȵ
Ȼ䣬ͻȻӲŵػعͷ
ơƹ˽͵
Ӵλǧǰʲôأ
ԡFͷϻˮ飬Ŀ⿴ǰӣЦ쳣ģ
һԣֻؿţӾͲûȥš
ӣʲôأ
FĿƹ΢ЦܺСŮ˵˵𣿡
ܵǰŮΣյĿ⣬ϵЦ
ǱλǰǿģʲôҲû
ԱǰԥѡԱָ֤ı
ͽ
ԣţŭ
Ŷ𣿡
FЦԽģˣ԰ҹ͵ԡǵĵ޵ס
صͷҷ
һԣҲ
ľݺĶø򸾺Ͷע⣬߳
°ܻΪϲ𡣡
˵һ仰

Ҳһ̾Ȼû˵ʲôͬûʲôɫ
ģҲӶˣ
ǰF֣ɫº͵ƹûϼһռȥ˰ɡ
ûУġFЦ
ԣɫҲźÿЩĿ⿴һƬ֪ɸֵôҲϲߵļһһ¡
˼¡Fʱ˵һ䣬ƤЦⲻЦ
죬ٽƱ磬˵ࡣ
ѽ
һ̾úõˣ˭ѧãҪߵһ𡣡
ͷһԲ
һԣԴ͵ĸҷ䡣
Сʱҹ캮˽Ҫĭ
ʱ򸾣̻ȥFҲӣŷ
캮ض棬ޱȡ
ǡ
˺ܲسԼȥĳһ¡
ſűӰҧгݣ޲ȥһš
󷽣ӵƻϨ𣬶һվ棬޼ҿɹ顣
ҹ紵䳹ǣ΢΢˲֮Ҳܵһ˿⡣
ʱţ֨ѽһ򿪣߳ûطȥ
šͷ

л
ףǰȥ
ӣϾƹµľҪһЩƻ谵ӡ
ľݰܱ£Ҳܼ򵥣۱һϣϰڷžЩѾʮֹϣѿҪĥϡ
ǰʵ
šͷӦ
޵ʲôʵ
ش
գ⣬ѻش˲֪ٴΡ
Ǳɱ¾ˡ
Σûʣֱȷϵ
ε֪
ġ
ƽϵѪΪڸǣԣμǣκ˵ΪҪܵѹƣһ˵ıʸ֣ܿ㱾ĲһѪȴǱЩ֮˻ҪŨ

֪޺ε

һֻǣЩԽԽԼǳ
֮ʱʶһλߣΪӣΪ䲻⣬ȴΨһڵ
Ŷ
ԣ¶ɫ˵λӣɻţ
ҡͷΪսˡ
ź֮ɫϧˡ
㲻࣬˵ʵֻĸ֣²ɫ
һһ̾Ϊ񳯵ʦҲΪ񳯲Ϲᣬ˹ݣʧǣΪʱе²侮ʯһٲԨ
ԣĬãڵױá
Ĳֵػ𣿡Ц
ֵá
ƽΪǱǲеһӣϧˣͬҲǲһӣսΰȻԴ
ǰߵĻɫȻһֺαں졣
Ȼһ֮·ֹո
һǰˣƺҪǰ߿͸
Ŀãɫƽּᶨ
ǧˣǵһҵ˵˻֮ˡ
ǲ֮Ӧñ˭ֻȥԶѡɫ
̾ʵ˵ɡɱ¾Ҳһ飬Լ
ϴ
¶֮ɫ
ɱ¾֮ɱһΪΪۣþŰ򣬼Ϊۣ²ǵ
˵ǰߵĿУɱ֡


1361 ն
μǣպڿʼ磬£ɢĺ䡣
ŬƹµСԣһµľݽ򵥶ֱ¡
Ͼ֮࣬ȥͽ۵ȻżҲȥȺȲ衣
ǧϲȻƷһ㣬Ƕ֮Լصļ⡣
СУ߲ݣʶϳ
ϲߡμǶ˲ǧ꣬˴ʮϤȴҲ࿴˳ۡ
ͬƢԸȻҲ̫Ͷ
ϧڼëƤдڡ
һε͵¼֪˭⴫أСȫ֪顣
ϲߣΪ¼ʼٸߣΪ˼෹ϼ̸ʡ
ΪӷҲûٱӡ
Һã˵Ƥһĺƾôָָ㣬һЦݣŭ
ö֮аվû˼¾ͽˡ
СУ˲ذһڴ¾ʹ˽е⡣
Ӵӣ⼸ôˣΪûгţ⣬F֣Цĵ
ˣĪЩ飬Цƹˣ
ҡ
Fվſڣ޶ԣ΢ЦһĳԴ󷢣Ů뻢ڡ
ԣЦһƹ˵Ц
ȥߣ
F΢΢һЦû˵˿Сʵգڵ
룬ͷ
Сǣģƽʱࡣ
ߵֵϣɲŮòȥΪ䡣
Ȼ˿ˣн̾˿
һʻţϡ
˭ʻ˭ţ࣬е꺢ֱܷͯó
㻹Ҫٴղܳš
FųаյĿ⣬΢Ц
ǡ
һЦ˵һ֡
нֵ˲̯࣬λɢɢϵСǣʼԸ֮ò
һԴѹ֮ˣ඼Ҳ뿪
FŽֵˣֵĺͯĵ¶Ƶ΢Ц
š
ͷ֮ԱƣոıĵĶջЩջԣҪɾࡣ
ûԶ
˵FӣһĨ΢ɲڴ
ԣҡͷûС
Ȼ
Fһ̾ܿ¶ЦݣôˣʲôջЩûмһν
ջ࣬ȴ֤ʵ
䣡
ʱСͻȻСǰ¶ţԡ
˽ӣڿεĽüͷ壬ǰŵĺǣڵҪţû£ȵĿյȥ
˵꣬˽еʮӳȥ
಻ԶУܳ棬ɫڡ
ˣˣ
ڣҲͷ˳󺰴е
Ÿʲô
˿˶˵ӣ
˰
Ȼ
㻹µ𣿡
û
ҲԹ
ֱͦ壬һߣʲô
䣡
䣬С·ٶҡ̺Fľݣʧ޵ķݺȻ
ǰ΢΢鴤Цȴסˡ
˻׿ӣɫѿ
Сǣֵϣ˻ŵյϣɫǾ֮ɫ
˺£F
Ǹѡ
ĿԶɫͬأӦиڽ֡
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룬ͷ߰ɡ
˵꣬˶Сȥ
⣬˳Ǻ̸ܵѹڵķʧΪѸٻָ
ʧȥħĵֵԶ˵ѹ񱩶ǿ
µ
FܵԶѹɫ΢
ħܣꡣ
һ󲻶𶯵Сǣ£ߣȥǺڶ
һ̣ӰӳԶȥ
⣬Ϣײϣǿɽʯġ
·˾˫գϼҫĿס
֮ս
ԶFĿ⿴ǰɴܵľ󣬻
һԣν֮ս
ΪֻԵָߵ͡
Fÿ˶Լսգߣˣߣ
ԣĿƹʲϽ΢΢
⵹棬˼֤̫٣ģʽս
ǾͲ͵Ϯ𣿡ʵ
ҲҪӲС
FӦ͵Ϯͬᱻ֮սУǳ֮˵ĵѹǣ򣬲ʲôõĽ
˵F֮ˣЦЩΣյ㲻Ҫ˵ɣ
һЦƹˣԩ޳֮¡
𣿡
F˼룬ɣ˵⣬ҿ԰㣿
ţ
ԣɫ﷽Ų˵֮˺Ѳ𣿡
ǳ𣿡
FҲüǲԵ޹ܵﶷ϶ʲôΪ֪Ŀġ
ͷĿ⿴ǰμ֮Ͻ˲֪Ȳѣðڴ˶
䣡
գԽңħܶƬĽ
棬֣·λ忪ʼѺۣѪɽ쳣
ͻȻһλ˫бҫ۵ľâһɫСɳն
ն
F״ɫһʧ
ɲǵıսУʩչɱʢɫСնɱ󣬽Ʋֹǰȥ
ߣ
Fعˣһеسμȥ
£
ܵŮеĿ־壬ʵ
ȲҪʣӣǧҪǱɫСһĿ޾ˣ
˵䣬FԽԽ죬磬ȥ
ľ룬ŲߣȻնҵ֮ǰߣġ
˲ϢĹ򣬺󷽣ɫСƿնӨ͸Ϊ
ɱFУһɫ米֣ɲǼ䣬类磬ҵ

һ²˺ѵĴ̶죬ɫ籶ʱ飬֮
٣ɼFһƺߣһĨѪȻ䡣
״ɫһֿסFֱۣڣ˫
չᣬؼ٣˲Ϣʧ
μǣ룬ɢħ򳹵ѹ¡
󷽣Ŀ⿴ǰμǣüͷ塣


1362 
μǣFǱУ󷽣׷ҵɱڡ
ڳ⣬һǽֽ֮硣
⣬ܳڣ벽̱ѹƣҵѸɢεơ
Уǰħħܣ΢΢𣬵
⣬Ĳٶջأԥ
ų򡣡
εسһ䣬˵Fȥ
󷽣ɫѿ쳣ȴǿеŭûðȻ롣
СǶߣFǰһƬǽľǳ˳飬ҵأ
𣬵ˡ
ķǰͬ޼ҿɹˡڻش
ǰΨһѵڣĴѵ̯ʱ䣬ȴ
İɣ
˿ǰ̣ҧгݵ
ġ

סģ
˵ؼ⣬ʵ
֡
ν
ԡ
͵
𣿡
ʱܴFҲ̲סŭȵ
ףƹôˣ費Ҫæ
ע⵽Ůӣæǰʺ

Fǿȥһŵĳ嶯³һ֣
ʶȤ˵һߣٴüͷ
Ҳ߻иԱ˼ЦݣȴƹȥϢ
ȥɡ
ϧ𣬵
ȥɡ
Ҳظһ䡣
бǰһ£FǰСȥ
¸ǺõСľݣ򵥱£δѣF룬ǰ
ƹúϢһ¡ɫº͵
FͷܴҲûо˵ʲô
úƹӣûдϢ
棬˿ǰ߳֡
ǰʲô£
ƹôˣһĵʵ
иļһǿɱˣҪɱڡػش
ļһ
ҪҪӰæһ˲Уӡ
һûлӦ
ҽǣҲ֪ûߣ˵ɡν
Ҳԡ
ף˳ǣҶһȭţû¹˭
ԡ
ͻȻһԴڳţôǿôӣ
ֲʶ㡣ν
Թʶᡣһ
Ҳһ
ڵҺƹֻǿɱˣ㱻׷ɱμǾôһ㣬Ҫ볹׷Ϣг֮ڣõİ취
ɫһ䣬ܡ
취
ѵö˵֣
ӣ仰ͣ
˹Ц
ӣʵһеû˵
ʲô£
ɻ
֮ˣʲôնӦ
ǣ㵱ʲôҲû˵
ԣתߡ
һԣɫҲһ
߰
ǰˣӲ𣿡
ͣ񿴰׳һǰһۣ㿴ɵ𣿡
СرȷӦ

˱ӵǰһ£Ӵ˯֣ҪӣҪȥôɵѡ𣿡
һ޽ļһô֣򲻹
֪ʲôն𣿡
û˵ۻ˼ֻҪӻ֣ܰǧŬȫٵ˴򣬲𣿡
¶Σûô򡣡
԰ǡ
һԣ
ӴǺð취
˿ŵΪɵ˭ȥǲȥ׷ѹ򡣡



Уɴ˷ðֶ
ûˡ
ҧǿȥȥ
ȥ
ڣֱӻؾ
þãǶϳɾˡ
εźʵʵ˭Ѻơ
ߣϦ£ɫҹԼ
վ˲ӡ
䰡
˿һ۵Сݣоǻ
һԣ˽䣬Ȼվ
Ҳ˽䣬һ
ãһҧһᣬڵ취
ͬ⡣Ӧ
ͷֵΪģ
£¶ģΪģͬѡ
һҹڼжȹ̹ǡ
ʱͬʱһ˻ӡ
תһͬųȥ
⣬ͣ²ӡ
ô򣿡˿ڵ
Ҫҵģ¡Ӧ
е˵ͷ
Ƕܿ졣ѵ
Ҳ˻ش
򲻹ͻسǡ
Ч衰ս衱ƶ˳ųȥǿУо䡣
⣬һˣ쳣
ˣ
֪ش
˷ſʶѰãûκη֡
Ӧˣһ
˲ˬ߰ɣȥ
š
ͷ
Ҳûзԣһͬǰȥ
뿪Сǰٲľ󣬺󷽣һɫСƿննˡ
Ӿ֪ڹûߣ
˵һ䣬Ӱܿҵ
Ӱֿٶȣֹܡ
ߣ
м䣬һϮɫ۵ߣڣֲѹϯ
Уҽ𲻶Ӿ˵ٶȣնˡ
˱ܿҵǰһȻӰ𣬳ǰܡ
ƽ￴侲ĽһϵıҺͶ㣬쳣
¡һһȭֱգǰ֡
ü̧ӲС
һߣˮٷ𣬳ˮΪ˿ǰ
ͷϸˮ˿ȴǱл֮ʯѣ޿赲
󷽣ս޳ܵĽǶȣֱϮǰߺġ
ѻʯ
ɫ˫Ʒת񱩵
˵У˹̱߽⣬ԵΪѹƣݿ࣬޼᲻ݡ
һ̣ҵ֮䣬ǰ²ѿ
Ӳ磬ˣ
ֻһغϵĹУ˴һˡ
Զߣٶ֮죬Ŀࡣ
棬Ӱ֪ʱҲսʧСȥ
Ǵүģ
˴ŭתܡ
СڣǱ룬󷽣ҵƿն֮ա
⣬ɫ쳣ˣһ㣬Ĺ


1363 ô
μǣǱе˴Ŵһͷ亹²ѡ
򲻹
ֱӣһѶͷ亹ڵ
ȷʵ򲻹
͵
̯̯֣ʾҲûа취
Ǳҵ̫ҪûпƵİ취Ⱦǻӡ˷޷޵
ٶȿ죬ãôƣ
˿һԵ֪ɵղţһ¾ͲˣٶȺܿ찡
Ҳȥ
Ŀģ̷񶨵
յУֲɵ
ûеʶڰ鷳˲޵
Ҳȥ
ҡ
㣡
ˣеǰǿ룬ʲô취
ʲôԵסǱҵ𣿡ʵ
ûС
Ȼش
Ȼ˵Ŀһˡ
ǿʲô
ŭҵͭķȥ
㲻һɡ𣬿ԣϵףƽ

ֱӾܾӵıô죡
ˣĿɨоǺ֮ɫ
˱÷ë㿴ʲô
˰벽˻ޡ
λɶµǰ˺üǧ꣬ôɡĿŵʩչЦ
ˡɫֱ䣬ǧǵһαһ̫
˻һۣòôȥˡ
ɡŽ
ã
¶ģӦҪȥҡ
Ҳǡص
£˲ٶൢ飬ųǶȥ
һɻظں棬֪ڸʲô
Ƕķǰˡǰ棬Щͷʹ
У߳ź󷽵ڵӮ𣿡
ûСҡͷ
Ӯ
̫ǿ󡣡ε
ʲô
˿ŷǰϰשߵˣ
ӦҶӦ
ڣԣҲط˳
˲֪ãͻȻЦһľ³һɡ
ҵˣ
ɫɡų涴ȴͬһ˱˷ܲѡ
Ҳҵˣ߰ɡ
ʱ棬Ҳһѱаһžڵ
ǰеĶ¶ɫˣ
ҵٶ뿪ȥ
ǰû뿪ٲ⣬һ˵أ˸ҳ
ڣǰӰжЩ
Ҫô򣿡
ͣ½ŲС
е
ɸ͵
ͣתˣϱӾԣһ·ʲôλǰǲ᲻ҳȥ˰ɡ
˭˵ģʹ򣡡
ٴαȥ
󷽣ϣɫ俪ʼ˽䱸
˳ǣٲ۴֮ɫһûż֡
ôҵԸİ취ˣ
۴ܿˣһַתҵԻ
նҵ֣ɫһҰִ⡣
һΣӵ
䣬۴ϿգХ񷣬һ޴Ի󣬾ס
񻢳֣ɫѸ£սУǿѹ٣·

ɫ΢ˮתˮΪ˿ֵ˷Ϯѹ
Ͽա
սһն罣ն񻢡
Ȼ˿δˣ󣬲Ϊκ
ʵߵĵӳˣֻԵ⡣Զѵ
ǳʶˡ
СһЩ˲ĵĵȴ㣬Ī⡣һߣѵ
ǲƽս
Ŀ⿴ǰ֣ҵ͹鷳ˣֶһΪߣȻ۸ˡ
𣡡
ʣֱ¡
䣡
·̤ƽԭɳ۴˵̸̰Ŀϡ
Ӽ󣬲ۺʱЧֶΡ
ɳУһĨӰӳ⣬סΡ
սڣˡһۣ΢
ΪȻߣٶȵ澪ˣԱһʱӦùˡ
֮⣬ƣʱսУ𶯣ɳΣΪһǰ۴ܡ
ţ
صǰδ۴üڣ赲С
¡¡𶯣ڶһϣμǷԲٶȿʼ
ӣʲôط˲
֪ˣȴ˵
䣬Ȼȣޱȡ
Ǹӣ
ε˵һ䣬ӰͬӳֹС
λӽħǿ֣Ĺƣѹǰ۴ܡ
֪
۴ߣҵɳֱնˡ
֮䣬˼ƣŽɫɡӲ
¡˽ԸʶʹҵǴ͸赲նꡣ
Σһ̣սУڣӰ˲ץˣٶܡ
ǣ߲ˣ
۴ɫ̧һХ죬ǰˡ
ɱУɫɡתȻһ񻢹ơ
ӣˣ
ײ죬
ͷŽɫ򿪣ɫֳ֣Ϊʥǽ񻢡
𣡡
ŭ𣬳ʥǽʥѸ˱ٵļ
裬ȻʥԳų̫á
Ƭ̵ĻᣬУ׻ɱ¾֣ͬ


1364 ɱ
μǣ⣬λѹȵĸַ𷴿ܡ
֣в
һ˲֮٣ҶƵ
˵ܣص۴ܶٸʶʹʧ֮£ҵơ
úã
˼״ˮΪ˿һˮ˿ӿɱǰܡ
ɱ۴ɫһǿʶʹ赲С
Ȼˮ˿ǧǧ޿ײ룬ĵطˮ˿ƿǰ߷һٴ۵Ѫ
ƺ۴죬ս׶ܴ
ЧӰɫƣһȭʯ쾪
ޱȵĹ˹ĵģȻ෴ŽԻܣӳӳֹơ
¡ҵĳȭƼ۴ǰԪ壬ٵС
һһس𵴣۴ܽˣϢֲ֮ס
ܴᣬ˲Ϣ֮䣬սУӰӹԽؼ٣Ȫ·
죬ѱ棬У˽棬·طһ񽣣ֱƿϣ۴š

һƺߣˣ۴ǣɽش

֣ӴˮΪ˿ƣǰܡ
һ̣۴ˮ˿
ȣ
֮䣬һȣӰӳŽֱǰ顣
ޱȵĴ򷨣֪Ƥֱ
飡
Žײ޴۴üѿѪӿ
ܴʶʹƥսУӦɢʧ
Ȼһ̣˺󷽣һɫƿնն֪
Сģ
˿⻮ɫһ䣬ȵ
ն֮ɵһ˲ϣӰʱ黯
ٿʱյĽҵ͸紩һþ
˲ϢӰԻʵȴһģһѪŻ
һķһξԾҵƣܴϢ𵴡
ǧҪõʧء
һǰȵ
Ŀȫעס񣬲ҵµĽлɳˡ
սֱ仯۴ܿһ˲֮ŭһǿƷˡ
񱩵ӿսУ󣬶ѡ
ϣҵ⻪ʢն·ˡ
ã
ͻȻķ˹ƣҪֵȻ
ƴˣ
һᣬй⻪ʢ֮ϣһѪɫɽ軨ţ䡣

۴¶ŭЦҵƿգնʵѪɫɽ軨
ϲߣ㲻𣡡
𣬺ȵҵǰʩչ
ˣ
˻һ䣬Ŀ⿴ʵޱרע
նգٽһ˲۾һգ
ϣѪɫɽ軨˲ʧ֮䣬֮
ڣ찡
ಫĻᣬ˻亹ֱʣȵ
񣬺ȻֳŽȥ
¡һŽٴθ۴飬޴쾪춯أһ޵Ѫ
ǣȫ
۴Ѫˮ쳣Ԫңһǰߡ
˫ۺᵵȻۣӲС
ѪգƼӰɳʮɣסΡ
ҵһս˻ˣΪ˵۴ػɳġ
һ̣սУȫעѹҵƵ˫ۣ
˲һת۵һ˲˽ٶȴ۴š

۴ŭȣǿƣһƷˡ
ƾϮ齣ˣ˲֮⡣
ȾѪս֣˽˲ˣ˭ȼֲסĽ֡
ⶼϹ
˿ǰ۴üĵѺۣɫص
ǿߣô׾
ѹƣɱֵȻ飬ش
ټӰѾǺȾơ
ԶӽɢѪĿ⿴ǰڵ
Ҫʮ֮⣬¥𡣡Ӧ
ԣش
̳
ֻҪʮ̳С
Ӧһ䣬Ӱӳٿս֡
ҵħ
δеΣǰ۴һȣۣ֮䣬֮ϣɫС⻪ʢս֡
ƽ
ɫɡ򿪣ɫ⻪
յУһһ
˵һ䣬Ӱ磬նǰС
۴ɫ£ҵɱǰ֡
ٶȵ棬ȫӰľףȻҵͬ
޷赲ն֮ΨжܣսУһһӰն飬
ӣҴˣóұ°ɡ
˿ǰսָԪˮɽ
Զ񣬽Ųһ̤ӡɱ
ɲǼ䣬ŽѸ󣬻Ϊһ޴鼮ַɳ񳯵ʦ
˫ǿ֣춯أǰ۴ɫһҴ⣬һԪӿΪޣǰ
䣬ನХڣͬʱ˳Ⱦ졣
һսβ̤Ӱǰһ塣
ѪӿĿ۴һƷˡ
ǰȴѵǰƾɢನ
ۣ
ٲ⣬ͣΣٶŻ졣
ǣɱᣬɣ
۴ܼԪӿˡ
ʱսУһӰӹŰӣֳȻһ۴ͷϡ
ĵһĻ۴Цݽ£š
ǰһЦɭɭݣëȻ


1365 ҿ
μǰսң˫־ƣ֮ʱսһɽ
۴üģѺӣѪӿȪ

ܵأѪȾɳҵһս־Ľ
ţȴֲòţ֪Ǳձһȥ
սУˡȫסһʱ䣬Խܡ

ΪˣĪᣬôãȴ˼ͷ

һԣ˹ֵ
϶ˣһֱŲΪôһ¡
ϼ޻
̫ᣬ̫ᡣ
ипһΣķڷ

Ҳ˵һ䣬
һЦ֮䣬æӦá
ʵڲЩҪļһǰϹѹγٺö
棬ˡҲǰʲô
һһƿҩһƬ򣬻һСңװһö⼣߰ߵԿס
ߡ˴˴֣
ҲѹγĶĿһգգ
͸ɡЦ
˱ӵؿһǰߣļֵһǡ
򡣡
ۿҪ꣬˸æڵҪҩ
ѾѡֻʣһöԿס
ԿװڽóϹֺںȻںɻһöԿס
СֵܣԿ׿Ǹˡһռ˴ˣ
Ǻǡ
ЦݣԿףٱ
Ϲôʵ
ŵϵϹ֣ڵλ˭ѻ֮
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Ҳҡҡͷʾᡣ
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š
ͷ΢Ц󻹲һҪʲôĵˣѧ㱣ֶΡ
Ĭãƽᡣ
һΣֵ˾ˡ
Ŀȫǰߣ񳯵ʦޣ
ʱѧģûù
ͬʱƤЦⲻЦػӦһ£ϼһǾɵӡ
Ҳ⣬ǰְϹ飬ǿѻꡣ
ȥǻδɢڣѰϹֲļ䡣
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ˡ
עӵĿУڣҲһõϢ
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ˣһλϡƽ
ȿȡ
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ǻˡ
һЦݣ
سǡ
ת˵ȥ
ϣҲڳ
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˻سǣ˳Уһ
̫ˡ
УһӴħǿʤ¡
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˵꣬˿ˣ϶ˣϢһɡ
л
м
л
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У˸˵˲ˮ׼һЩԵġ
ǰֳֺȣ
վһЦѵûд
ô죿
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лӦ
㿸һȻƽ
ۣ
ںȲֱӰѿеĲˮ˳Ȼҿ
ߣʵǸߣ
ӶĽã΢Ц񳯵ʦ鴫

ɫƽ
ã
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˱̬Ӧĺʹ졣
棬ɫǰ˿ûҪߵ˼
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Ȼһ̴ŹرգЦɭɭ˴ۡ
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ӣԼůһЩ
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𣿡
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סش
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΢Цԣǿ
ɡ
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һҹһֱоҵ֪֮Уһҹȥ
콫ʱǰľݴ򿪣һĨٻӰ߳
ϢգFɫ࣬ˣ΢Ц˵ǻˣ
˻һۣһԲתȥ
Ǻÿ̫ʹ
󷽣F¶ĵЦݣǧ״˷ɡ
Ĳ뿪Դһĵط
ڣ⣬ػأһһοľͷ
ֺؽأʮգŽľ½
ǰոµľݣɫο֮ɫ
ҹ٣˸ԻԼľݣڲܷ紵ܵĥ
͵£еĽüͷԽԽ
Ѱ
ˣ
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֨ѽһƿF룬Ҫ˵ȴȥ
ǰƻ£°׷Ӱһɫ⻪ڣˡ
ն֮ںǰ⣬ѹһеħ£ֳâ
Fֽգԥ֮ɫ
õĻᣬʱ֣Ӧȫ޷
ԥãFһ̾յ˫ɿûг֡
ȷٲҪ


1366 桢
ҹƻɺμǶһªСУɫڣҫ۶Ŀ
ħμУκҪܵѹƣҲΪǧŻ½ǰרԼĵ
ȻҹμǶ֡
ľҫ۵ĽⲢûб˷֣ŶF
ۼ֤һĻFв֣Ҫ֣ȴѹ
ãľУɫ⽥֪˫ۣĿ⿴ǰŮӣ¶Цݣƹ𣿡
ӻ΢Цûʲô£ֻǹˣ
ѾȬ
Цƹأ
һ
FУӵΪ˲СĽչ
Щ򡣡
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ҡͷȻҪֲħȱʧ̫ࡣ
ʵǵľľ磬ĺȱ롣
ħƿŵػͲֽģħûصػǲֽģ򣬵ĺ㲻Բ
Ȼѡ񣬱ڳ׷ħתء
ľУһɢĿ⿴ǰŮӣ΢ЦƹҿܿҪ뿪μˡ
Ϊʲô㲻˵Ҫһص𣿡Fɫһ
ƻվûб仯졣
鷳Ҫ飬ǿ󲻵ãˣЩѺƹ㡣
ң𣿡
Fһ䣬ɣϧ֪
뿪μǺ󣬿ȥF
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һȥӿԿǡF
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籱ˮϡFɫ
ԣüͷ壬
ϽֹҪǰȥרĸ·ҲҪܾʱ䡣
ο֮䣬ʲô鷳δ֪֮
ӵĹǺԣˮϱޱȵˮƹ£ˮŮۣǿ֮һܰŮ£Ҫҹӵ鷳ҲҪF
˼֮ɫǵȷһ취ǣһɹˣһˮŮ£Լ飬Ҳô
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F¶п֮ɫ֪Ӧ
ʶȻݣǣϵķâȡ
λ˼ӣֻҪʱɳ𾪡
ݵĽFȥľУƻǰ˼
ȥĵط
֪֪˰սǰӦ̽һ̽ʵ
ˡˡ
ʱ⣬ٴ

Уع񣬿ڵ
֨ѽһŴ򿪣룬ɫƽûϢ
ҲûϢ𣿡Ц
㡣
һŵݳΣգŽ񳯵ſУźһΡ
ͷӹţл
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ǰ뿪ıӰвĽ
Ȼλĵǣ飬ȴʮ
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ţǧЩˣ˵ĺܶ࣬ȴĺ٣ЩˣԹȴȳ
λɽ֮ˡ
ҹɫУ¯ž죬ɢһЩĺ䡣
ҹ˶˯ʱľ⣬һӰ


𣬺С˷֡
У¶֮ɫҹôô
ţǰӣڵλǰ֪֪ںˡ

˸æ룬ˬǰȫҶǰ
ô£Ц
㶫
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С
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һ䣬ʵһ𣬻𣿡
ԣ¶֮ɫ㻹Ҫʲô
ǰߵı飬ЦЦôãһܶ࣬

˴ŭϣתߡ
𣬱߰УҲа
ں溰

۵һţȥ
һЦתϵĸҲ
Щһƽʱȥһףؼʱ̣Щ
⣬ɪһҹȥ
콫ʱ⣬ǰһ⼣߰ߵƽ
߳еƽ¶⡣
Ǳ
ЦʲôҲ֪ģŰɡ
ӹƽͷл
ʲôʱߣʵ
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գٿÿСǽֵϣ̬
ޱ񾳾Ű꣬վ̫ߣź쳾˼䣬ȴǱ䡣
ǸߴʤĹ¼ţľ
ڳУ뷲죬ٿ̬ȴ
գʱ߳ľݣȥ
ˣûһ˳͡
⣬ףСǣ¶
лᣬϣл֮ʱ
ôߣ
ʱߣһ˵ʵ
ԣɫһ𣬻عŲ֪³ڳŮӣƹ㣡
һ߰ɡ
FչһЦһӦ
֪뿪μ֮ʱ籱һɶ˵ѹ
˫ͬ죬֮еǿĿʣԸܵĿֲѹ
ՕD񣡡
ˮƵ۹ߴ֮һĨ𣬿ڵȻˣɡ
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䣬֮ʣΣՕD߳·۹ȥ
۹УλŮ·Ŀ⿴ӣɫ価Ǽɵ
ՕD񣬾Ȼˡ
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ʺŮۿڣՕDǰǵ㱾£
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λŮ˵һߡ
󷽣Ůʣǰնӣڵ²DȻС£ֱɡ
֮ˣ˳һ壬ֻعՕD񵭵
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ŮףӱպϣϢ˫ۣD˵ЦϽ֮Уûˮ֮ˣ˳һ塣
ŮµľλŮһ𣿡ՕDƽ
F𣿡
ʺŮ¶΢Цȷ뿪˱쾳ϽмԶľ룬֡


1367 
ˮƵ۹ՕDһʱ֮
ՕD֮ˮŮɫֱ仯ƽӦԡ
Ů۵һ֮ʣҪˮϸһʵ̫𣿡
۹ϣՕDǰʺˮŮۣ
֮ˮΪҪϡ
ˮŮЦݽȥĮՕD񣬸˵˵ˣ벻ţǸµ¡
ՕDɫҲٶʣɫ˵¶ȣٵʱնŤ
DҪˮƵ۹𣿡ʺŮӿڣƽ
δŮΪ٣ô˻дһ¡ՕD
㣡
ʺŮɲǼ䣬ˮƵ۹У˪콵
˵ĶϹʱʼ񣬴ֹͣ
ϣԳ壬һһǿѹˮƵ۹졣
УһλλĿ⿴ʣ¶ɫ
Ůۣ
Ů۽֮Ǻˣ
ՕD񡣡
ǿħָܵȵѹ
˫սҡضն·ѣġ
սֻϢձƽˮƵ۹ڣՕDˮŮϢٳ֡
ΣҪٴ𣿡Ůۿڣƽ
ûбҪˡ
ՕD񵭵˵һ䣬תȥ
Ƭ̺󣬵۹Ͽգɫ潥ɢՕDӰȥʧ
۹ڣλŮгһՕD񣬲սʵ¡
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λŮУһλŮӿڣՕD񲻻Ե޹ǰ£ǷҪǰȥ֤
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쾳һϮɫȹˮŮǰУʱߴŮ֮
콫ֻС˴أ⣬ߵŮҲһ׼㣬ɱ⣡Ů۴
ǣ
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˵ͷӦԸܵ˵Ϊ˲پ
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λս񾹻Ϊһʵš
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ףȷˣՕDǿߣ˹ע֮ˣвĬĬǿתùˡ

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ħֵĴĴָϣΪ֮ħüͷ壬뽣ˣΪ
ڵ飬ȷǣ뽣Ͻμ⣬ֿμǵߡӰ
μ𣿡
֮һ䣬Ŀ⿴ǰˣڵЩΣ뽣ΪȻǿǱֶβ٣ױɱ˭һ˰ɡ
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ħ֣Сָϣõħڣ
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ħĽ磬ħ֮Ԩ
Fɫħ磬ûдǲصħ֮Ԩħ֮ˣǣħ֮ԨǽһĴڣΣأΪطңÿһʱ䣬ħ֮Ԩͻᱻϴһ飬ԣѡʱУҪ
Ҫ֮Ԩѯʵ
ħڣϽôһ⣬Դǰȥ
Fֻǣħ֮ԨΣأ᲻鹫ðա
뻢Ѩɵûӡ
ɫصҪľħƹ·
FͷûٶȰǰ·
ں󷽣Ŀ⿴ǰŮӣ˼
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ǰųǣϱڲԫǳɳȻųѾķ˺ܾãС
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һԣ㣬Ŀ⿴ǰ΢΢𣬵ƹ°ɣһǰȥɡ


1368 ħ֮Ԩ
ħǣFǰϱڲԫ
빫һͬȥF
ħ֮ԨΣأƹûбҪһðա
Ӧһ䣬ٶ˵ǰħȥ
ɳǣǵĽݽ̶ܼȣԼɼħǵĻԻ͡
ڷɳУһԪӿֵʱֵܳķ籩
䣡
ԶϼǿķɳУһɸߵĶϱڵ˷ӿա
󷽣ɳУŮӾ棬Ŀעǰ׷ӣɫ쳣
ãǰͷźŮӣڵǲ𣿡
ѾһˡF΢Ц
˵䣬ǰɳɫķ籩֣Ѹٿ
ķϵħ֮Ԩڣط򼫶Ȳȣħɵĺڷ籩洦ɼëȻ
Сġ
Fǰڷ籩ѵЩڷ籩£ǿʵǧҪС
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ͷĿ⿴ǰڣ˫Ůӣǰжȥ
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ҡϣһѺ֣ѺУһɲϢǿ
Ϣ󣬿ռѺǰζ
FϣǰһֵѺۣ¶ɫ
Ӧþˡɫص
š
FͷҪСˣħ֮ԨǶ磬ʱպܲȶĪ
һץʱ䡣
Ӧһ䣬˲ϢûˣΪǰռѺС
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һ̣ħ֮ԨڣӰ߳޵硣
״ħ֮ԨΧϼ⣬ɫ
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š
ףһȣԪſգ޾ȫħ֮Ԩħ
ħ֮Ԩħӿǧδϴ˵ر˲ٴħħ
ðħ֮Ԩ㲻ԸһˣٽΪڶԼֲٶȷħ֮Ԩеħ
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ת۵Ĺ򣬷Ż׳֮ԨȻʧ룬һԾٶѸ߽⡣
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ţá
ӣԷſ𣿡
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عɿֱۣ¶ǸΣЩʧˡ
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FӦһ䣬ӣЩħ𣿡
ҡͷʲ㡣
Fԣ¶ɫħ֮Ԩϴʱ޷룬ֻˡ

ףڵħҪһʱȫ
š
Fͷһ֪һЩħۼ֮أûħ֮Ԩô㣬ٳɶ࣬ӲҪ鷳á
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֮͡
F΢Цȷӵľ֮Щ²ֵһᡣ
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FûҪôħʲôҲû˵ԵĬ˭ûн㴰ֽ
ʱ䣬˷ɽԽ룬̶뻢Ѩ˲֪ٵطֻҪħۼ֮أFܴҵ
ʱ䣬ڵħԽۼԽ࣬𽥲֮¡
ȻȻˣħδ
֪ԭȴҲʱΪ
Щħʲ㣬Ҫǣȱ
Ҫ븴ħҪħ
˵Ҫһħһġǿħ
Ȼ֮Уħʧ̫̫ãȥѰħ
ߣFԽԽĬܶʱһ仰Ҳ࣬μʱԹࡣ
˱ѰϽħ֮ʱϽϣһλɫȹŮӳ֣ʳס
ˮƵ۹Ů置˵еϽ
Сˣأ
ˮŮվϽϣ૵


1369 ˮŮ
ħƽħƣ겻أӰѾͣա
ħԪǿޱȵѹǿȻʵ˿ضá
ϰ䣬Ϊ˱ϧ֮ˣ֪ѹǧ£յɣͷ׷һ˪µĺۼ
Ϊ֮ܰ꣬Ƭͣÿһ춼ھԼʵгһգɱ졣
ԶFǰԽԽŨħɫԽԽӡ
Ǹ뾡춯֣гһգȻᳬԽ
ǣ뿴ܳɳ̶ֳȡ
ʣƹ׵ڶΪʵߡ
Ȼ֮ϣ׽վδ£ʵ磬Ƿ֤
ۼ֤ǰЩӵŬFһ֮̾·ԶԹƽ°빦±롣
ħƽУħɴ˫ۣһħԪ
վʧˡ
һط
Fǰڵʮ⣬һħɽħľݵأЩȥѾķϣǿȥ
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˶һͬŶȥ
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F
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FͷĿ⿴Զ¶ɵ֮ɫ
ȸ˵Уֵȴصȸʵеһڣǿħ˸̤㡣
һٺӵĿջǰ˵Ҫ䣬ʱ
ջǰһݹȸųǵڳǺӻʣƽ޲
ҹɫ٣ڳǺߣҵƻҫĿ
ˮǰ߳Ŀ⿴ǰҵƻ𣬰͡
ԶһλɫȹŮӭҹ羲ƺվ˺ܾá
Ůպףӣ˲¡
ʧƺûע⵽ŮӣŮȴѿǰߡ
ΪΪ
ҹ紵ϣŮתĿ⿴ǰӣ´
λ˼СˣҲЩ档
˶ãֱëĿƹǰŮӣ𣿡
档Ů΢Ц
ʶ𣿡
ʵ
ǰʶһʶˡŮЦԽģ
üͷ΢΢ֵŮˡ
ˣôô֣ѵ֮˶ô
ӣܸ˼㣬ˡ
˵꣬Ůûٶ˵ʲôתȥ
ŮȥıӰɫԽء
ûмǴŲûнԼŮΪλ֪ϣ


1370 ˮ
Ͻȸųǣ˼һΰĳǳأبų档
ųҹɫ쳣ҵƻ׺ҹգҹ·֮
ڳǺӱߣһջ¥F򿪴Ŀ⿴ǰҵƻɫԽӡ
֪ΪΣܾµʱԽԽˡ
ֱ֮׼ȷҪ
ڵķ䣬𣬴Fĳ˼

FĿƹڵķ䣬һ̾
ʵ֮죬ѳδ˵һʵ֮µķǿ
ڷ䣬ܵǰߵĿ⣬¶΢Цһδ
ԽԽȤˡ
ȸ޴ħϣʮλħĸһħڵƽֳˡ
˼ɡ
ʮħǿ֮ףһõӰ
֪
ǰڵħǿߵ⣬һλˡ
Ŷ
ʮħǿ֮ףȸ¶ɫˣ
ˮŮ£ŴŮ֮һF
ˮϣ
ȸ𣬵ôˣ
Ҳ֪
ħǿҡͷˮŮȸǣȻҪ֮¡
˼ţ̻رȸڵ
ס
ħǿߵͷɱ뽣δã
˼ɡ
ȸû
ǣ
ħǿӰɢȥʧ
һ̣ħ֮ϣȸΪףλħͬʱʧȥ
ڳǺǰҹɫ£һλų۵˫ꪣɫ䡣
˲Ϣ󣬿ջ¥ӳ֣ƿš
¹뷿䣬ɱ䳹ǡ
ôˡ
ǰվǰӣڵ
Ǹˡ
߳عر˷š
ֻԼʵ
ɱ֮ǰӦֻԼӻش
֪ôҵ
ȸǣٱѱ¶ĪҪ߿ԼҲҪСȸƽ
Ҳδ߿ԼҲСȸ
΢ЦֻǺѣһҿȷ㣬ɱҡ
ɱɱˣ֪
Ӵӱγ˫ꪣҲѰ֮ˣ㲻˵ˣĶ䶷
Ķɡ
Ҳ˽΢Ц࣬ͨҲ٣ɱɱվãʽʤɣΣ
ԣ
ӵͷ䣬һ̤ȷˡ
ﬣ
˫ꪺ񽣣˾ϢȭŽʽƴͬʡ
ȭȭĺ˲䣬ɱ
һն䣬磬㣬ܿ⣬ͬʱأ繳ǰʺ
̧ץסǰСȣһȭ䡣
䣡
ӺꪵУһꪷգֱǰš
ɱӽӭϣȻһ±ꪡ
ޱȵɱಫ˭û֣ȴĬԼ˶Ϊ
ӢӢ۵ϣɱɱֵĽӱʣɱ֣άĽ
̶ϢʮеĽ棬Ӻǿսޱȷḻеʽʽ顣
ȻѪսͬ˿ѷɫһ֣޾ħ

ꪻ£һٲõѪһе֣˳ն£ٴα
̴֮գ볤棬ɱоԺ⡣
ɽ֣
У˽֣࣬նǰ˫֡
ţ
ɫһ֮ϷһۣͬʱꪲǰĿڡ
ڣ
дѪ⣬Ħͷֵ̧¶ꪣƶѪ
ͬһʱ䣬˽ӦϣѪˮӿ޴Ŀ
ʹȴһƣս
˲ϵˣꪽնգ׷ڷƮ䣬ÿһжɱԡ
ҵĶ첻Ϸɽɱȴ˿·ϣֻһϯ
ȸɱ֮ʱڷ䣬FиУɫ£ҪǰȥȴһĨٻӰ
ǰһϮɫȹŮӾվʳףһ۱ƲĿ⡣
ÿ
ϵڷսF¶ɫȵ
ļˣ
Ů΢ЦصģֻСûô׳¡
Ǻˣȸɱ𣿡F
ȸ
ŮӵһЦǻûʸ
FԣɫԽ㾿Ǻˣ
Ա
Ů΢Цֻһ壬Ӧòİɡ
Fһɫϱ仯
кĿģ᲻ģֻһ£ҪֻСˡ
ŮĿ⿴ڵķ䣬عҲֹ𣿡
˵Ůն·Ҫ
ˮϡ
Fһ䣬֮ɫģվˡ

ûκףFӰӳֱӶ֡
Ů΢Ц̧Ȼǰ߹ơ
һ£û˵
Ů۵С˵ȷҪŴأߵŮˣ
һδˣʵ̫鷳
ǣ
УᣬʱѸٱ⣬ֻһУսѽ
Ů߳ţرչţתŸڷȥ
䣡
ڴ˷սѾ֮ʱĶԽҡ
ȭڶԷϣͬһ㣬Ϊֱԭʼķʽս
һǷˡ
⣬Ůӿǰرյķţ
ȻŮӲûż룬ǰվڷ⣬ȴ
֪˶ãеĴڽ֨ѽһ򿪣һѪ߳Żȥĳӡ
ǰŮӣɫһô
ɡ
ŮЦҪʲô
С鷳
Ӧһųӳջȥ
ڳǺǰȥĳӶУת߻ؿջ
ǰŮɻڵȴǰ߻΢Цˣ
ţˡ
ͷȥ
Ůӿŷ䱻߰ľЦԡ
룬һ䣬һ˵ʲô𣿡
һΣ˵ɺϣɵӶš
Ҳûʲô̫Ҫ¡
ŮӰæ𷿼䣬ûȤȥһ˱

ԣ¶ɫ̫Զˣʱû㡣
̫źˡ
Ů̾ӿٿǿǡ
Աʵ
šŮӵͷ
ˮϣٴʵ
š
ŮٶȵͷֻС˱Ҫ
ʵﲻǵһȰǰ֮ˡ
ڷ䣬п֮ɫʸմ
ˮϣF
Ů¶΢Цһ˵Լ֡


1371 ħŮ
ȸųǣһҹڵ䣬ս֮Ŀꡣ
ŮӱݣˮŮȸųǣҿٵĻԡ
УˮŮĻ䣬ձð쳣
վɫ̫ྪȡ
֪ˣ
F΢ЦĻҪֻǣȻѲµΪλҪװ֪
ЦЦĿ⿴ڵķ䣬̧𣬽ӡ
F΢УӰǰɢ
ҪFƽ
šͷ
֪ħFЦʧ
֪Ӧ
֪ħҪСˣ˵أF
ħΣ
ʱڷ䣬
Fԣüͷ壬׿󷽣ƺСħŮˡ
䣬ڱʱУħӿʱձѣһħеٻӰ߳ϲħƣ־ġ
ħʹָĿ⿴ǰˮŮɱ˿Σħ͸𣿡
ѵ𣿡F
ҲôΪ𣿡
ħʹĿƹǰһصӣڵ
Ҫ
Fƽֻڱûʹȥڿ̫ʴˡ
˵꣬Fֱǰɱ
ħʹߣܣӭȥ
Ůħʹʽ֣Ȼһƣ춯ء
ħʱŤһ̣Ӱʣȫ֡
λǿ߽棬ȸУ˴˯оѣʣ¶֮ɫ
ڳǺӵףӴӻ棬Ŀ⿴ʣɫ¡
ɴܣ漤ҡ
ջУ߳ʴսƽ
㲻æ
ӳǸŮӲͬ𣿡
ħ΢Ц
ħΣ
ɫصҲͬ顣
е
ЦӦһ䣬Ӱʡ
ɲǼ䣬ȸУӣˡ
ϣս˽ַ档
ţ
ϣFܵɱɫһСˣѰ·
Ҳ룬Ůڸ̧֣¸мһ΢Ц
սУħʹݣĿ⿴ǰӣ㲨
ʱȸڣһϵ𣬵ҲְɣȥˮŮһ֮
ǣ
ǰλӰս֡
ϣܵڶ֣һ̾
У
𽣣
ڣɲǼ䣬ȸųУƵĽƺ嫣ġ
ӣħ
սУħʹڣߣֻǷ£һץȥħ磡
ѱ¶ݣϣһ
֪ˡ
΢Ц˫ۣһģܶ飬Լȥ𣬹ǲħҶԣ޲𡣡
ħ֮Ԩ֮ʱȷݣûнƣֻΪûбҪ
ħΣ
ˣΣ
ӽǧǧ򽣹ƿննǰڶ֡
һ֮תΪ˫˵սС
˽նϹҫĿ˵һˮŮ
Fɫ£ԪȻ˽
Сˣλᣬߣ֮£գFĿ⿴ǰӣ
΢ЦҡҡͷллŮĺ⣬ʱͲȥˡ
䣬콣˷նǰˮŮ
ڤ粻顣
Fɱ֣Ԫɢ򽣡
񷨣˪ɡ
ʧFֲ֣һȣ˪콵
˪澰ȸϿգʱѸٱ⣬ˮŮ־Ϊ
̤˲ܿӵĺԶħʹٳԶȥ
ǣ˭߲ˣ
󷽣Fߣգһ˪۵ĳì֣ǣӳ
⣬ħʹиУӣħӿӲС

һѪȾգĿĵһĻУ˪ìƿħֱӹᴩħʹš
ߣ
ħʹǿžʹ
󷽣ǰһ
߰
ħʹףŭ
ӿħӣΪϣڸǧǰ
֮ףһϮɫȹˮŮĿ⿴ǰħŮɱԽҡ
ӡ
ϣħʹ׿ӣЦݣûüҵ֣ҽ£
䣬һȣһħӿѪ޶Ŀ
Ѫħ֮֮꣬Ը׹޼䡭
ͳѪص֮ϣħǧŽѪӿȾա
ǰˮŮڶǿ߼״ɫȫһ䡣
ˣ


1372 Ϊ
ȸϿգѪħǧŽƬնѪ֡
޵𰧺ǧټǵħӰؼ䣬ֲħɽ
ǰFɫ£գѩۣһö˪ìԻ
ԵĹƾˣFб˪ìǰħŮ
Ȼ˵һĻսУѪڱ˪ìϣ˪ìڻɢ
ţ
F΢Уͬһ㡣
ħ徹Ȼֳ䣬֮ﰡ
ʱսУг֣һλ۵߳Ŀ⿴ǰ󣬵
ݼųϣ
ӳ̣֮󷽣ڽ񣬵
ضרĶԵС
Ŀǰƽ
ǣ
󷽣ڽ
ˮŮݹ٣ȸʧԶӭ¡ӿڵ
ˡ
Fɫƽ
ɱȸ뽣ϣ֪ˮŮɷȸɫ
ǸŮҪ֮ˣ᲻ãλħŮܲšFӦ
Ů֣ɫ˵ͷˣˣλ˾øŮˡ
߰
ǰѪУһ䣬һѪɢѹס
Թޣ£׹
ǧŽУ׹޼䣬ƣн꿪ʼԴҵ϶һ·
ŮǣǸˣߣ
F˵һ䣬һǰȥ

ӻӦǰһԪӿڣҫ۶Ŀ
ȸųϣħĶǿߣȻϽǺպĸ֡
λǿ֣߳һΪħһΪˣͬǿƣݰ档
磬˼ʲôͬ
ʱս⣬̾ħУĿ⿴ǰŮӣ΢Ц¹ħ
ѯʣµ˵ͷǣ
Ҫңٴʵ
֮ɫȷҪӴħ磬δҪӺӡ
ףЦԽºͣ㹻ˡ
䣬Ŀ⿴ǰˮŮƽҲȥͬҲղߡ
Сˣˡ
Fɫ£ҪΪŮԵҪȥͿ޼ɵڤ粻飬᲻ʬȥ
ЦЦû⣬ߵŮӣҪԣ㲻ˣұҲӲȥˡ
ԣɫһӿѪ΢¡
սУӿȵħֹͣһȶĽޡ
𣿡ɫº͵
š
ͷӦ
Ǻã𣬽㽻ңҴɱΧ
ԣһδ˫պϣеķ׷¡
л
˵һ䣬ǰְ̧ǰ֮ϣʱ޾ħӿǰ֮
ݵ˲䣬ħڣֲӣ죬񾪾塣
ã
ս⣬иУƺ뵽ʲôɫһ䣬ȥ
Fһ̤˲ǰ
ħѪΪħɡ
սУڣ
䣬Ͽգظ˵ѹӿһɳ˯Ѿõħں޾ħһͷš
˲Ϣؼ䣬ɫĴг֣һĨºڷӰ߳ħʹħݸա
ͬаɡ
ٴοڣƽ
䣬ؼ䣬˳죬ҹе棬أº췢ӰԻķˣƸʤա
֣ͬˡħڽͬʱ֣ͬ죬
䣡
һ̣֮ϣƱ仯ʵٷۣ޾֮£ߡ
ͬ׹
ħǧ
̫Ͻ
ͬ䣬ӰֱʣžĽϽʽںؼħǧŽУںϣɲǼ䣬ħء
ɫħˣ˫չ£׵ħӰȸǡ
һ̣ǸеĿͬʱʣвӿ
ħ٣
ʣ޴ħ·Ӱںϣ°׷Ӱϣ˫·ħκС
ħ٣
˽ն£ħٽ磬Խʵ޵ѹǰ֡
䣡
֮УأΪףڶǿֵУħ
ѪȾգħ֮£Ѫ
ͬһʱ̣ʣFб˪ǹƿնǰš
֮䣬컯֣³ǹ
ħΪ飬ҪΪ𣿡F
ˣΪΣ
˵һ䣬ӿˡħںϣΪһöѪɫӡǣӡüġ

F״ɫ΢䣬á
ɣضɲǼ䣬ϿգһѪɫֱ


1373 
Ͽգ֪ħʹ£ںϣɡ
ĿУüģѪƳ֣ħϢ޾
ȫۣǰĻʵ赲𲽷֪֤졣
У˽Ѫɫ⻪£Ͽҡضĩա
䣡
֮ϣ޾û֪֮
׺УѪƣɣԽ
ǰӡFĿ⿴ǰˣнԳ֮ɫ
׼ڣˡ
Ŀǰڶǿߣ˵һ䣬һӰ˲ʧ
׽УѪɫĽƿն뽣ϣ֡
ڽǰ߳һնѪɫء
һѪλʵǿֱӱնϣ
ѪȵһĻģѪУɱ¾֮һδͣ
䣡
ǧٵٶȺ£ʮλֱըѪ졣
󷽣ɫ£һ̣ȴǲóȻǰ
ô𣿡
׽Уնɱڽ󣬻׿ˣƽ
Ӱ˲ʧٳ֣ǰ
ն춯صһĿѪޣһʶ˺벽
֮壬ն£ռӦѣѳм
䣡
ʱϣֲĻʵٶȽ٣ױȵƣûս֡
ɫ󺧣ˣԸٲ
Ȼٶ֮µһ˵һ˲Ȼϡ
ʣ£ӰΣ֮
ս⣬Fǰ˵ľɫԽ䡣
СֻСˡ
Ͽյľ䣬Ŀȸڣһλλħǿ۾ʡ
޴ħϣʮõӰ֣ΪףȸĿǰûżڡ
Ƿ֣
ħϣһλħֿʵ

ȸҡͷӦȿһˮϵλŮΪ
λħǿߵͷĿ⿴Ͽյս֣ɫרע쳣
Ѿܾû˸ˣΪȻһ㣬ȴħ顣
λħŮǲһħ߳Χ
λħǿע£ϿգɱڽǿƱųϡ
׽ٽ٣Ѫɫնٲ
֮ڣܵʵٲȻҪܣȴͽ޹
ټΪľų϶ʱǱ쳣αУ¡
ڣΣһֲ£Ȼϡ
ƺ죬ģվȡ
һ˲֮ǰѪɫ飬ֱӹǰš

ɫŤǿؿھʹһ£ǰ֡
齣ˣѪȾʡ
ƾ˿գ·Ӧݣ޺졣
ɴܣ꣬˴սನڿʼеͨˡ
սУ齣˺˲Ϣ䣬Ӱʧ
ս⣬F΢ҪѣȴΪʱ̫
ֻУӰ˽ƿգųϺġ
͸壬Ѫˮӿŵؿǰ͸Ľ棬죬ȴû˵
齣ֹǰߵԴֱ˳
ѪϣɫԴɢǿϢħӿǰԴ
Сˣߵ·
ս⣬FһĻɫ£ħΪ˽ܵĳѪɱ˱Դ
ڡ
һǰˮŮûаսϯת˲󣬴Ͽȥ
ţ
FüĿ⿴򱱷̤׷ȥ
ȥ
ȸڣһλħǿ߿ڣõӰȥʧ
ǱչᣬٱУ˲Ϣ֮⡣
·ɽӲϱ󣬷˼٣Ψһ
һһҹƬ̲ͣЪˮŮߣ󴨣ڣһɽУӰʧʱˮŮ׷١
ԭʼɽڣħӿһΪٻӰħƳ쳣
ס
Ůӣǰȥ
һǰ£һԡ
ȡȡȣ
ҵĿУѪ֮ȻԳų֡
С«
ڻ
ɳ
ϣռС«λƷɳң

ɫص
С«ԣǰħŮɰС¶Ϊ֮ɫ
ӣذ׷ˣûõġ
˵һ䣬԰׵¶һĨ΢Цӣºܸ㡣
С«
¶ŭɫȵ
С«ŵһ飬ԥæҧָǰŮӿС
Ѫ壬ɫݻָѪɫعⷵһ㣬ʵѱ档
Ŀ⿴ǰأһʱʧ
һٿˡ
ӣɡ
ã»ף¶΢Цģõ˾Ķǡ


1374 ħ
¸գ¹һٺԭʼɽǰȾѪ²ϿѪͷ
һԣ߶һ壬ҪȻƾѩӿһɻڲϵš
ӣûõġ
¶ƣЦݣĿ⿴ǰӣħǧŽʽɢȻҼʱͣ£˼ǣȲˡ
ܷ
һа취
Ҳǣû취ˡ
Цģˣǰ߳ħǰˡ
μǵЩӣһֵʱ⣬ϧҲûлȥˡ
һԣС«ҴվǵһμɳôĻ
ӣμǡ
֮ʣ¿ӣ
һͷҴȥ
䣬ǰѩͣЪڣչᣬǰŮӣԶȥ
ҹգʣ˼۶ԽʱƣȫμǷȥ
ţ
ԶϣFӹĻ
Լ¶٣޴
עʻӹķFһ̤Ѹ׷ȥ
⣬μǣǶ£ֳƿţ˽ȥ



棬׼ʱĮֲˬؿһۣ뿪
ò˯ˣô磡
ԣ¸ǵľУŭĺ졣
УһЦûᣬԼ
ʱԵľǰһŶָڵŭ㳳˯ˡ
ģ㺰ʲô
ڣŲ˵߳ŭ
ɩ
ǰɱڵĸˣˣЦҿЦġ
˵̻꣬ػԼСݡ
ʱμϿգ˻
ʵķͣ²ӣʣ¶ɫ
Сӣ
УҲ˳ɫŲ⡣
ô£
ת߻أʵ
֪
¶ɫ˵ôǡ
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ɫ΢ȥ
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󷽣˼
Ҳȥ
Ц
⣬У¹
¹ǻˡ˵
ԣƣ˫ۣǰϤĹųǣ¶һĨοЦݡ
ˡ
ӣлл㡣
Ҵǡ
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ˡ
΢ЦĿǰԽԽ͵㹻ˡ
䣬ħʼɢ룬ȻѾ˳ųֵļޡ
һԣһҪֹȴ
ӣһ²ڡ
ӿħУ¶ĵ΢Ц
ǰŵŮӣаڡ
ǰˡ첽һĻɫһ
ƹԡ
ħ
𣿡
ʱϣѩ콵һϮɫȹˮŮ
ųǰһǰһԲְ˽ŵ顣
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󷽣˼״𾪵
ɫ£ԤС
ȣ
ųǰһȣһ޾ħۻ󣬷ǰŮӡ
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ӿħУ¶οϢӰţûǰڡ
ǣǣǡ
ͳֱЦ𣬹ų⣬񱩵ħ죬°׷ħһħԪ죬ɢ춯ء
֮ʹʴ֪֮ģħԽѹԺԣ˫ΪȫĺɫҲһ˿۰ס
䣡
ųǰɫǿޱȵħڣԽԽˡ
סģҪħɣ
ȣ
Ҫˡ
ĺɫУĮ˵һ䣬ֻȻһķڱ飬һͷ׷衣
һ̣Զ⣬ǰՕD߳ĿԶĺɫħ΢΢
ħȻѡ·
˾
ǰĿ⿴ǰоǵ֮ɫ
ųǣٲ⣬֪ħһϢħħռݾλ
ͷ𣡡˳
һԣɫҲ£˼ᶨᱻħɡ
⣬תĿ⿴ǰˮŮȻΪɡ
䣬ǰһھħԻɫţǿ
һ̣սӰ˲ӳ
Fһ̻˪ǹۣȻնħ
ħϢײ̧ץסǰֱۣһն¡


1375 
μ⣬ĳ䣬ɢҹĺ䡣
£֪ħһɫӿס
˲ս֣սȡ
һֹFе˲䣬ץסǰֱۣһն¡
Σһ̣FǰᣬȻ±ħ
δ𣡡
Ѫ䣬ȾأĶǵ͹ǿˮŮһʱӦȾ졣
£
Ⱦ죬FкʢһȣԪȻ
ǿƥѹϯʮأˮŮսǿľŴŮ֮һչ־Ϊ
գμ֮⣬ؿʼҡ񾪹塣
ȫֵˮŮƾ죬ϣƱãܵˮŮӰ죬Χط򶼿ʼֱ仯
̤Ӱӳ⣬ڵ˫ˣսС
׵磬ӿУӰ룬һٴն䡣
Ϊ֮ױߣ籼ף졢ݡ飬ʽʽˮŮҪ
ﬣ
ħ£FָӿΪǿѹ⡣
ֹһ̣Fб˪ìն£顣
սˣûκֵأȻŮǰǣǰħѳԤƣ뾡֮
䣡
˪ìУ컯֣һ
ǣ
F״һУ컯飡
֮
¹У컯Ѹٷת֮£¡¡𶯣һͻ̳֣
FüŲһ̤
֮
ȣ컯ٶȷתʣƻۣһնǰߡ
ţ
Füͷ壬̤תνУܿһһ⡣
֮
֮սݶƬ̴ϢУ컯ηת֮䣬ʱշѸᣬ⡣
ʱնᣬϣFһ٣ơ
֮
̤ħӹХڣǰŮӡ
һһѧ䣬øͬȴﵽһּ¡
ӶFʱȻѣΣʱ̣ˮŮкʢΪǿʱյ
񷨣
ɱFٽӡۣΪһѩס
Ȼһ֮Ļӣִٽıѩ
磡
һȣ󣬾޴ķֳ֣ԭʼħ䡣
־֣ٶٿ֣֮ϣ޿ɶ
ˮŮδһ˲󣬷ֱ仯ֳ֡
ħն䣬ħ졣
ħFʶǹֵȻһѩǹӦ١
һ˲Fعǿƥһƣǰš
ɽ
ɱ󣬻ʧ仯Ϊɽ
ͬһʱ䣬ɫΪħ˿ݺύ֯ǰ
ԭʼħǿʥϷӳ֣ӲˮŮɱС
¡죬ħɲֹնǰߡ

滮²Fؿڣ¶ļ
Ȼ֮壬ˮŮܿɱС
֣
ܴһħӿѸ޸ơ
ΪĲ࣬޿ɹԵʵ࣬˵Ľ;ٶ޶ȵı
սľģݰֶҡɫӣһΣٶȱ仯
䣬ճ޿ײ룬ǻ棬ȴָˮ
Fɫһӿȫֹɫ
Ȼ˵һĻɫ澹ǿʼ˳ıѸӡ
ڷﱾԴ֣֮ȫͬĹʽٶȸıսơ
ܵϱɣFɫһĿ⿴ǰӣš
ɲǼ䣬ϣһ֣ҡҷɫ⻪ɨ˼䡣
״Ӱʧ֮⡣
˲Ϣԭվĵطɫ⻪ɨƬնʧ
ʱǧ˼䣬ܣġ
⣬£һȣա
˵һĻɫڣԼ䣬ɫ⻪ӿȻģȴļ¡
Ϣǣ
μǰɫһ䣬
ն
սն֮ϣɫԻ
ںҵѸ˲ϢӰӳ֮ϡ
ӦıF֮ʱӦԡ
ҵնҫ۵ɫ⻮գӦ٣һΪ
ƣFһй⻪Ѹ
ͬһʱ䣬籱ˮƵ۹֮ɵˮŮͻȻ˫ۣվɱʢ


1376 ֮
μ֮⣬֪ˮŮսɢ
𺳵ĵľҵնϵǧˮŮ䣬䳾
ϣ°׷ħ˫ī
սˮŮǰ̧֣񱩵ħӿ
ɣ
⣬ɫһ䣬ȵСӣס֡
䣬ӰѾȥֹ
ˡ
˵һ䣬ӿǿƥĽݺύȻˡ
ȣ
һȣְ̧սˮŲ̊ħѸû֮
ٲ⣬˿һĻȻֹ
˫ֽգɫѿ쳣
ħȻѶˡ
Сӣ֪ʲô
δ
ɹˮŮǰˣɫĮλû£¸ˡ
˵꣬תתȥ
Ҫ˵ʲôȴסҡҡͷ
ûˡ
̾㻹ûпûʧȥǣĸԸħ
ü¶⡣
ˡħվͬ
Ҳٱķԣħ
Ըʶ䣡
᲻ΪΪ
ԣ¶ɫҪ뿪
ħΪ֮ˣӲλڡ
䣬ûٶԣȥ
Ҫʲô

֪
ҡͷӲӦò顣
С
¶֮ɫȥԼȥɡ
˵꣬뿪оɫ
պȸǣڣʮħǿۣӰģ˿ݡ
ˮŮˡ
ȸڣ
ˮŮΪսʵš
һλħǿ߻Ӧ
ѾħʵȲֶ֪Σ֮ҪԸˣҪСġȸ
֣ȥɡλħǿ߿ڣӦ
ʵӹɣֻǣ̫ԭϪҲһͬһ˰ɡȸƽ
ǣ
ʮħǿУһλʼղڵӰȥʧ
Ͻϣ°׷ӰǰУ˿û١
ħ֪һħӿ֮㡣
ºˮŮһѹĽӡ
ħ䣬ѡ
ҹɫ֮ʣϣһܼս֣ǧټǣÿһս϶վžλ񽫣Ϣӿ¡
𣿡
·̧ͷʼʻĺˮɫκα仯
Ϣǧսǰ޴ͭսϣһӾϢ쳣¡
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ӿڣɫƽ
ǣ
󷽣һλ߳˫ꪣĿ⿴·׷ӣɫЩӡ
ǰûٶԥŲһ̤
·⣬գӿĺɫУħƾԻ
䣡
ϣӰ׹£γ˫ꪣն·׷ӡ
ꪵڶȽ棬¡¡쳹Ͻء
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ߣǰӣ
Υ
Ӧһ䣬˫ٴѹǰߡ
ƣɫӿȻǰӡ
ֶꪺӲС
һƼֻһ飬Ӱɳɡ
ǰûɱ㣬ڣȴҲ
δ䣬Ӱӳ˲Ϣ֮䣬ǰ
Ϭʮʽ١
ٴߣɫٲһӡǰţ񱩵ħ춯ء
쵽µٶȣֵһƺߣӰٶȷɳ
ɱ
ʣͭսϣӼ״üͷ壬ٶȿڣ
һ£ӿһܼܳĹսϣǧѸս
Уֻص
ħӰδɭ޵ֳ
УħϢӿС֮ӿȻûս֡
ɲǼ䣬ս־ڰһ޴ֻг֣ӵ硣
ɱ
ǧټǵɱһ̣Ӱ˲ãĿ
Ѫ裬δüӰȻΪļ䡣
սУһλλ񽫱նѪӿ죬
ʱǧټǵֻпʼתֲѸս񽫡
սģѪۣ޾Ԫû뼺
𣬵ԡ
ڲǿ
ʣɫһŲ̤


1377 ħ
Ͻ¸գħѪȾġ
£°׷ħһɫӿħ졣
ɭ޵֣һоս񽫡
֮Ѫ˷ۣԴԴû֪ڡ
壬ϢԽˣ׷裬ǿƥ
ԣħΪɱ
ʣͭս֮ϣӿ·ս֣ɫ΢䣬Ųһ̤¡
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ս֣ӿڣ
󷽣ֲѪ
Χ񽫵䣬ɭ޵Ʋǿļչֿµܡ
УһѪɫݺᣬ֮λ񽫾ΪûвЩѪɫĿ£ֱնӡ
Ҳֻ𣿡
Ѫģǰӣƽ
ɱ㣬ˡ
̧֣ɫڣֲ¶ȣֱƴ˵е̫
Ϫȸǿʮλħ֮һɫϽ֡
Ǳɡ
ĸ֣ɫκα仯ħ棬ɱ졣
ħ棬ȸϪʽϻħ֪ħ¡¡𶯡
˲ϢϪӰӳӽ徳ΪչǿܣһȭƬ񷶼
սУܣԪɫӭϡ
ħ֮޴߼䣬ĿӣȭϢߡ
ƽɫĽ棬Ӳ˭ûռˡ
Ϫɫþ˵ĸ
Ϊ徳ֻ벽޷ѹƴˡ
Ϭʮʽǧ֡
ߣ¾ʽ֣ڹٴߣƾ嫶Ȼǰ֡
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浶ϪϢٶӰӹɫƵǧ
޷ѹƣϪıս鲫ɱ
ħ䣬棬˿޾壬ħӭϣ潻档
¡¡𣬲ڶΧ⡢ݺύǡ
ս⣬濴ǰս˫ꪣɫԥ
𣡡
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ժ֣¡
һӳѧ֣ԪȻһӡǰš
Ϫɫ΢ǿұ飬˫۽ӲС
ȻһƾͻԪ赲ϪӰʱɳʮɡ
һռţӰ˲ӳħȫն¡
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䣡
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ħ˱䣬Ǭ
սȣħԻ춯һȭȻѹ¡
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Ȼʧ֣ȭ䣬Ϫ죬˰벽
ժ֣ա
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籩һĹƣ˿϶ϪƵУˣϼˡ
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ΣǰϪ˲棬ŭȵ
ս⣬֪̾Ӳս֡
λӽ徳ħǿ֣սٶȷ仯汻ϪԶݴϢѹơ
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˲ϢУ˫ɱ
ֽӭϣн棬ǿѹ˫ꪹ
УԶϪٶ浶Ȼն䣬һᣬ졣
̤Ӱɢת۵һ˲Ϫ
ħӹѪ죬Ϫ󣬿ֲĽ۳֣ɼǡ
˲ϢӰٶʧ𾪵ĿУһӡ֡

һƺߣˣʮ⣬סΣһѪŻ
սУ桢ϪɫǺȻ޷ǰһĻ
ˣ
ƣվȥΪֺǰ˵ʵͻȻǿ֮ࡣ
𣿡
ɭ޵УΧѪˮ˷ۣԴԴ塣
ʲôԭǾܹɱң
˵һ䣬һǰڶĮ˫һ˿в
桢Ϫԣɫһ䡣
ѵʼǱ
񰡡
ħ¶Цǵ޴˳Ц
ħն£䣬Σһ˲Ϫ̺ˣʵͭսȥ
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ߣô𣿡
ߣһգħնѩɽһֱֻ£ѪȾء
ˣɱ̫ˣһջʳ
ؼ䣬ϵ𣬾
֪δΣ͸¹ġ
߳գɫĮ
ݵʣϪûͭսԶȥ
·̧ͷʣ
ת˲ؼ䣬졣
չᣬҹգԽ޵ؼ٣ֻϢ֮䣬׷ȥ
ͭսϣϪѸ׷ϵķˣ¶־֮ɫ
תۺͭսϣ°׷Ӱ٣Ŀ⿴ǰߣֽǰ

Ϫֿĵ
һɣ
ǰӣ
Ϫԣбǿҵ԰°׷ɱ
Ŷ
ƽ˵
ֻҪȥˣѾս㲻׷ɱ¡ϪæӦ
Ǻð취Ц
´Ӧˣ
Ϫ¶ϲɫͻȥµѶ֪¡
ûǸҪˡ
䣬ħӹһѪȾ졣
Ϫһסʺȴ治סӿѪ
ΪΪʲôϪŵ
Ϊһȥһ
̧֣ǰ飬ħڣû֮
ᡭ᲻ġ
ȼյħУϪӰɢȥһɴ
ͭսϣݷ仯һӿħнı䡣
·裬Ϫ֣ͭսȸȥ
նҪȸվǸᣬһȥɡ
һպȸϿգͭսʻսϣӰʧ·
Ϫˡ
ȸڣ޴ħϣһõӰ֣Ϊףȸڣ
һ̣ħϵľӰȥ
ϪΣȸƽ
ɡ
ܺá
ȸͷиҪһҪ˵Ҫˡ
һ䣬ڳн¶֮ɫ쾳
ǿՕDˮŮ۵ľǿߣҲȨߡ
ʱأΪ£һλħǿ߿ڣѯʵ
񣡡
ȸ


1378 Σ
ȸ񹬣ħϣʮλħȸΪףǿƥϢ
һħָϣעΧλħ΢΢
ȸ⣬˵ΪӦöڲ֮䣬ʵв࣬Ҳ̫
λȸ͸
ȸеΪ⣿
ǰڵħǿٴʵ
ȸĿɨڳˣƽλӦ֪мλ
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ȸе񣬾Ȼǡ
ЩϹʱͿʼǿߡ
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仹ظĸõħǣףֻλ
һصĿģ̫ˡ
ƽ磬ҪȷѪ
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һλħѹ𶯣֪Ҫ֮ǣ
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ȸû˵ȴѵ˵˳
ħϣһλλǿ߻һۣٴΡ
սՕD
ǿУՕDǻ֮ˣսՕDһ
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һλħǿ߿ڣ᲻֪λĿ£ѵ뵽˶Ըλİ취𣿡
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ħϣͬڵľλħǿͬʱ
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ôãδ˵κй֮£ɺϣ⣿
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ȸϿգ߸ϵ䣬ʱȸȥǰ쾳
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£ǰߡ
ƽӦһ䣬Ŀ⿴ǰӣڵղΪ־ˡ

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δ䣬ȻֹǰӰħַ档
ףͻȻѵļħ籼ףɫ䣬æˡ
Ȼ֮٣Ƿ󼰡
˲䣬ǰħƿնâֱӹǰš
Ϫ㣡
ɫ󺧣Ԫһƣæˡ
ֻǣһаܣаܣ֮䣬ֿ̧סǰұۣһۣǵһֱǰֱۡ
ʹƺȴǱ赲޷֪֡
һ֮Բֹħ־ֱӶǰš
ѪӿȾɿս֣֮ȭԪȻһȭᴩǰߵ
ͻȻ֮£ħĳƣֵضûУֱӱȥһԪ
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ͣ
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ûûж̣תȥ
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⣬
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գûٶĶ
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λǰսϪ̶̲µĹλϢȥȴ˿֪
һʱ䣬ȸΧһУһǰȥݷãֶΣǿɱھ
ڣڵλսʱⷢλ֮ʣȼ赲Ҫܡ
ڣӰһץסܵ꣬ħӿɡ
һ̣λУλȻ˫ۣʡ
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ϣӰֳħһħӿ
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òˣȫˣֻʣˡ
ƽ˵һ䣬ħָ̧ˣɫĮһɣҸʱ䡣

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ԶѹвΣ˫ƷתԪ졣
ɱܣһն䣬ħء
ħ˵ľϣΪģħɢǡ
硣
䣬һɫгֻ֣ص䡣


1379 նݳ
ȸǣħƱգĩվˡ
У԰Ƶԭʣ¶־֮ɫ
ħ
Ͽգ°׷ħΧħӿһλǿߣȴʤһ
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һ̣ϿգϰϢգΪһ޴Уһ޸֣նǰħߡ
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ײλ֮£״κˡ
죬Ⱦ£ֲ̧ѪѪĹ⻪

ܴ̼ħħԣ˫սһȣɫħ
ȫۣħηӿ纣ٽһԪħ֮Уն¡
˫ĸһն䣬ǿƷˡ
棬ϡλɫ΢ԪӿֵС

ƺѪɽ졣
·һѳֲĳȻݡ
УҺǧټǵͱսನ룬ֱը
սֻصУһ̾Ҿ֮
˵ľ·ǧٵѪ𣬳֪ڷȥ
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ħߺսѪԣĿ⿴ǰˣīӳһĨѪɫ
ڣ˲ϢӰʧƽˡ
һն磬̩ɽ
˵УȻһӰ
˺ˣӰٽ˿϶
֣һȭǰȴֻʣ»Ӱ
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һ̻񣬳ַˡ
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עãӽնǰħͻȻħ𶯣һɼµգɨѹǰ֪
ˣ׼ܿͻΣ
¡¡𶯣ظǰ޴Ѻ۳ֱ֣Ӵء
ĵһĻħͻȻ衰衱ȸ˻졣
ڣζ
ˡȸͬʱƿػʱ
ɾ˵£ȸѸٱʯ׷ɣзپ
䣡
ϣȸһһγ죬ס
һ̣ΧǿߵĿ⿴Ƿ¶ɫ
Ͽգ˰ʱȸڷһһγУӰ黯˳ųֵĽޡ
ʱ˷ˣ㲻Ҫȸ
ȸţ˻Σְ̧߳סȸͷ­һϯ
ĽУȸѸɢΣ֮С
ȸؼ䣬ķ̱գء
У°׷Ӱȥ˲ϢʧԶ
쾳ڣӰķķλֲϢһһ¡
ͻȻվϱ߷λȸ˫ۣкⱬ
˺£
λλ֮۾ʵ
ȸˡȸ
Ŷ
ȸʮλôôױ٣
Ҳ֪Ҫϻȥȸ
뷽λ۾ƽȥٻء
ס
ȸӦӰʧ
պȸϿգȸ·Ŀľɫɱʢ
ؼ䣬ħɸУȸĿ⿴һӰ˲ʧ
Ͻ򣬴䣬һֱĵؽ硣
Ͻ񳯣ʮز࣬Ȼ磬ν漣һĴڡ
񳯵ӵſϹŴܵʵһ˼ȻħҲ׷֮
УŴˣ£˼żơ
԰ǰһϮ۵Ľ߻أ԰ڣһλص԰Уͺͨ˱
ȻֻҪ֮˲֪λ߱ƶߣס
ˣ
׿ǰĽƽ
ʦ
һ񣬵
á
׵ͷȥЩµĹɡ
ǣ
Ӧһ䣬ת뿪
ȥã԰ǰһλ첽ףһԡ
˵꣬һöǩ˳ȥ
ʯǰ׿һǩƽǩ
ԣɫһ
֮ţؽħ˵
̧ͷǰߣڵף˵ǣ
ȥɡƽ˵һ䣬ûٶ˵ʲô
ѧǡ
صȥ
԰У׿԰ʢһһ̾
̶ˮҪˡ
ƶǳ׻أ
ʳ°׷Ӱûп٣ȴҲ˸
ȸٵ飬ѾϽе˶֪Ͻһħһǿħ
ħѾ˴ʳĽ
ʹߵĻʵУǰһɫƣޱȡ
·񣬴׵Ľ֮ԡ
֮ţؽħ
һ䣬ɣ
ħȻָλȸˣأָ
׵Ļ˼
ʮպ԰ڣٶʦ
ˣ
ƽ
ˡ

ڣʦһݹΡ
׿ǰˣڵȥɱħ
ԣɫһ
ãǣ
㡣
׻ӹɹûǰС
֮һ
ʮǰʳһŵ
ȥɡ
˵
ǣ
ٶһת뿪
ʳڣһųУһħ֣üħƣɢ˵ѹ
ֵϣ˿ߣ׷ױã¶־֮ɫ


1380 
ϽʳһųУ°׷ӰǰУһħ֣ס
ʳǽֵϣ˷׷ױãҿ
УִѸٸȻֻλȴ쳣ˡ
յĽϣǰУûᡣ
֣
λӰӳ·İ׷ħ
䣡
˿һ˲֮䣬ħӿȻˡ
ǿޱȵħѺֻ鲼Ϣλ񽫡
ϣ˵λסӰУǹ֣ꪳٶϡ
䣡
ħԪӿȣһˡ
ٲ⣬ӰֹסһѪŻ
нֵϣԶԶؿһĻɫ𺳡
񽫶ܲסħ
ħĲڡ
λ񽫻һۣ֮ɫͬʱȼ֮ҫ۶Ŀ
Ϊ壬ȼһԴԴԴϵͷţƱá
·°׷ӰһһǰУŲƬ̲ͣ¡
ħħ;裬¡
ϣԽԽңеۣΪһҫ۵նħ֮ԻųϿա
һ̣УӰʧȫûնħ֮ڡ
񽣳ɣ׹£ֲܣƿʱսޣն·ħ
ȻĿУ˾һĻ
ħ֮׷ħ֮ʱѸٱ⣬˼ħ߰֡
λ񽫵˲԰ǿħ֮ǰȻΪ
ȥ
ǧǧվ̣֮ǰųǾͷϵ˲ĿһλׯµĳӰ
ɫĽһϮɾۣκΣֳֵȯޱߡ
ˣµĲͣ£ӿǰߣƽң
Ǳˣ
ɫһٶԣգִ֮Ի
ĽִߵĸȻ
ִ֮ǿĺȻ΢Уħ֣һӭϡ
塢ħ棬ħӿӰ
Ȼŵǿħܵѹƣһн棬¾ԡ
˵һ飬ȥǰˣ

ƽ˵һ䣬ڵӲκɫʣһ̤Ӱӳ
籼׵Ľ޼᲻ݣħӭն䣬顣
ִԲ򣡡
ȰѾеȯǿҵĹ⻪ǧټǵĽɫֳ֣ǽ׳
ն
Ȼħǽ£һ׷ħ߳ȻܴȾ졣
ٲ⣬ͣ½Ųս֣֮Ѫ¡

Ƽսʢһ̤ٶǰ
潻ӣħһɹ˵ء
ţ
״üͷ壬еȯգҫĿ´սನ
һ̣Ԫħȶ
ɱнֽӡźȻۣǽӲС
ȻһħɢȻһƼ˳졣
̧֣ѪĿ⿴ǰӣ

ڣ
ħ֮ȣ˸ܴɱ֡
һ˲Ӱٶƽڣɱоˡ
飡ײƵǽ´սನûвԶա
а˵Ľ棬˭û飬ɱԣɱ顣
ʮУȻһȭԷš
м죬ȴ˰벽滮

¡۸ѣѪɽҵս֣ƲϻʳԷս
޼
սȣ̧ԪսУɫַȯ־ܣɣħ
Ȼһն䣬ħϡ
ӽֵֻұһħֶ䡣
ܹ漴˫ԪѧƵ
٣ɫīǿƹǿƷˡ
ڤ粻飡
ħķýɱԽңִ֮⻪ҫĿӳվħ
ħ棡
գԶħɻأתħϯʮء
ħƣȻ޾ħ潥¶
һְ̣£ʣǧٽɫֻΪʥǽѹ¡
ħ˱䣬Ǭ
Σһ˲һȣħʢħԻ졣
صħ࣬˫ֳʥǽʥħԿ
ħǰ˫ֽӡʱսָĽɫɢΣΪһɫǰħߡ
䣡
ȻѹħԪʥǽ֮£ħݵɣȾ졣
ȯϢħɢȥ°׷ӰԻ
ȾѪ£Ŀ쳣ɫźȻƣħߡ
ǰɫӵؿǰˣߣӹųȥ
һպ԰
ħأ
ʯǰƽ
˵Ρ

Ϊβɱ
ʵ
ʦһĹĻᡣ

ײɣ⣬ħǻ֮ԴӦ֪
ףӱԲֻǱ˹ȲŻħʦһλᡣ
ʧ𣿡
ƽû˵滰
һ𣬸ײԡ
ʧģԼѡħ
԰һħŸӿ£Լᶨδʧȴ񷨣紦سɴ󻼡
оľĪҲȲħ𣿡̧ףʵ
ľ
ƽģδʧĺá
ɫ΢һ̾
ף
ʱ԰⣬첽һ񣬵Žħʥ
ţ
ԣüͷ壬ãڵ֪ˣȥɡ
ǣ
תȥ
ʦ
ǰߣѯʵǷջ֮£
֮վΥ
׵ͷһ˰ɣ·Сġ
ǣ
ȥ
ʱŵΣڣط£һ°׷Ӱ˫գɫƽ
ƽǸԼᶨǸ˵ִԲ򡣡
ŷµӣ̾
ۣƽδңˣ
ᳯҪ㡣
ɢȥеķģȥ
ɢħԶգȻ춯ɫԻ
߰ɡ
ڵ
ûж˵ʲôȥ
ʳʹʥϣǰĿ⸩ʳﶦʢ


1381 
ʹʥΡΰ罨ƾϣ׳
ʥǰʯӶ£һλλפʯˣƾˡ
һգʯǰһϮ۵Ľ֪һһݡ
ʯףһʱʥ֮·ѵǡ
ʥϣһϮ۵Ĵǰƣۻ纣
ڣ񳯳ӷţȴ˵ĵ
úʥǰӰ֣
Źһ񣬵Ѵ
ʦò
ǰڣƽ
Ѳǻʦ˳ƺ

һΪʦΪʦ
΢ЦһΣǶлʦԳסħ
ħŵΣˡ
Ӧһ䣬ٶ˵䡣
ǰЦЦĿ⿴ǰطסΪħ
ʲô֣ڵ
Ӧ
˵㱾ħΪβħʵ
Ŀ⿴ϵĴûΪʲôˡħкβͬ
𣬵ħа񡢺ɱ̰𡣡
̰𣿡
Ŀɨ񳯳ӣڵЩӣһλ̰Ȩƺٻ֮ˣ˵̰˭ܱȵùǡ

ʱλ֮ףһλ߿ڣԻڣħԸٹ̣á
̾˫Ⱦ񳯽ʿѪ޲㣬ˣ

λ
ѹΣʱؽ̡֮ڵ
ǣ
λǰ֪ѹ˵⡣
һ̣ߵĽź񳯣˭Ϊ֮أ
Ȼڳ˽ԷǷˣȫ֪ԡ
Угɫһ䣬Ŀ׷׿˻
ǺŵĴڣһֱǻͷ󻼣ֻǣ̫ǿйʼûɶ
λĿУɫûκα仯ƺûǰԡ
ǰɫ£˫ֽ߬
Σλѹܲ쳣
УŵĽʮ֮ˣΪֹЩܣÿһʯͷƣѹƽߵΪ
ۣ
ŹرգϣУԶأȻ֮һ˫಻˿
ҹ٣¸գαʮֺ䣬ηУĴѾٺԩƺˡ
ȥ𣿡ڣƽ
䣬УһλλɫһĿ⿴Զߣ¶⡣
ˣȰ㲻Ҫʲôʵʵ뷨ΣӲȥģһλ˲֪߿ڣƣ
ԣͷûٶ˵ʲô
Уҹ֮ʱǰһλ
ˣ
ηǰλ¶裬ʵ
Уһö֣λ񽫼״̹
š˿ڵ
ǣ
λδŴ򿪡
Уֱڵη
ηڣˣ
ƽ
롣
ش
Уһöɫӳ֣дܴؽ֮лһܽ˻ᣬƿڵָΪ
Ҫʲôۡûżȥӣʵ
ʹ˵Ǽ򵥡
΢Цռ̣Ҳ֣Ҫɱ
𣿡
һ䣬׵Ϊɱ̫߹ˡ
һ޸֮أ
˵ŽץҲ뱨ɡ
ԣ˵һɱ
˽ɫӷǰУƽգڵķλΨһߵķܲܰջᣬͿ컯ˡ
˵꣬ûٶתȥ
ڣǰȥıӰЦ
̰Ե̰ҪԶԶħ
ħҲԵ̰
ˣܾǳȥ𣿡
ҹ˾ʱǰڵ̲סʵ
ԡ
ƽ
䣬ڣе۾ȫָɫʣǰˡ
ֻҪܾǳȥҵһᱨ¡߳
Ŀɨˣأ
ڣһλλ̳Ӧһһŵˡ
ǳŵЩҶҪҪǵĳ
ߣڶԣɫһ
ܿǵʱ䲻ˡ
ʱһȥŶ֮
ã
һҧһڣֻҪܾҳȥұ㳼㡣
һ˱̬ϰλ߸ű̬Ը⳼
İɡЦ
ָ죬ʼġ
ڣλ̧ģ⡣
˷ģδ¡¡һλλ룬ȥ
ؽ̨޴ĺʯ̨ϣ졣
ն񳯴ϣλѺǰǰؽ̨
̨ϣλѺǰ֫Ϻתȥ
ԶռŤһӰ֣Ŀհħʢ
һλ׳֣󣬰飬Ȼֻˣȴ˸С
ϣһλλ񳯳֮ǰȻسҲд
ʣУС
ʱһ̡֮
ʱڳ֮ǰҡƾ߳
μ
ڳ
ضƽɡ
Ŀǰ̨ƽ
л
ڳл
ɣסһۣ⡣
ʱ̨ϿգܲѸڱξ
ţУֲ֮ϻۣԽԽ¡
ؽ̣֮ٵļ̨̣ߵΪ仯ǿؽף
̨ϣĿϿգɫԽƽ
䣡
˲Ϣ󣬾֮ϣһ޴ɫû֪֮
񳯻ʳУһλλտʣнο֮⡣
ħڷˡ
Ȼһ̣˵һĻǰ̨ϣ֮ɢµӰɾϲ˿˺ۡ
ţ
ڳ״ɫһô£
һߣ׾ؿǰϵɫ
ԣ
䣡
֮ϣٶȽ٣һΣƸӿ¡
ĩ췣ֱӺϣɲǼ䣬ڣеطͽȫ٣ؽ֮Ĩȥ
лˡ
һ۴ķ򣬵˵һ䣬һӰ˲ʧ
תۺǰ°׷Ӱ֣ħԻһӹѪ
⧲һĻڳ˶ûüӦ
ڳ֮ǰ¶Ц
֮ţؽħ
Ӧˣ


1382 ͽ
̨ǰһĻħһնɱס
˵ľ˶ûüӦ˻عʱħӰѾԶȥ
ڳ֮ǰһڣ׽ôħɱ⣡
ǣ
ΧһλλӰӳ׷ȥ
ʱһߣعһɱӿת׷˹ȥ

ױɱŭ籼ף忪谭ǰ
Ϣ׷֮ǰǰתź漲׷ƽŭԹԹŭħ
䣬УƵ̶֣תǰȥ

ǰһλλ赲Ȼ̶Яħ֮䣬˿衣
䣡
춯صײƻ̶ֵĳ¾ҡθһһƱ٣ɢ
Ƴħӹ쳣Ľֱնһһ
ǣˡ
αƣѹڰϵĽʧǰˣ
ǧˣڻָˣ
ϣһλλ߿ЦԪΪӿס
ԶһĻɫһ
ǰ׿һڳ֮ǰĴ
λǵʱˡ
˵꣬ӰٶԶȥ
û˺һʹ
һλ߿·ݻĴʹ˷ܵ
㣡
ʮλ߻һֱۣӦ
߻ʹңϢ󣬴ʹУһȼ𣬷쳣
ϣӰӹûпҵĻʹһۣٳǰ׷ȥ
һǰһһֱӳʹ԰ʱӰͣ£׿ź׷ĽȥץЩطκһߣ񳯴ҡ
󷽣Ȼӿŭ׵մӣԸٶ˵䣬һ̤νħ
ִַ֮âһΣûа飬гؾɱ졣
䣡
ħ彣棬񱩵ӿǰЦķŭֻ𣿡
޼
ŭ£бɱУɳɫɣչܡ
ӳִ֣֮ƱȻһħ
彣ɱ̹ǣΣһ˲Ӱ黯彣͸壬նӰ
תۺʮ⣬Ӱƾն֣ʵ
ɱ
һŭȣӰٶǰִ彣ն䣬񱩶ǿ
ʧȥǵ˰ĵ
ӽ彣˵һ䣬Ԫɫٲۻһֱӡǰš
ȻһƣѪɽҵĽʽȻȴԡ
һƼܴƺߣȴǰ벽ˣһӹǿƻС
֮У˼ΣŭĽһħȴ֡
̤˲ִ֮ܿΧƣΪû˲Ϣ֮󣬳ʧ
ǰ𺣣ȴһ
ͬʱʹȺħ裬ʹȫȥλʵ˵߻ָɣ˿衣
ȫɱˣ
ɫ쳣ѵ
ʹȫʹս𣬰λȴս´Һȥ
ϻأǰĿľӲϲ
ô
ʦ
ת˲󣬽ع񣬼ǰȥ
һٵĻʹǰȥǰϾǱʹ֮ɫ
һĻһǰ
ʹң˵עȫȥʱ԰Ͽգ°׷Ӱ֣ȥ
԰ڣյʯǰһˣѳ˻ʹ֮С
ƣ赶ɱˣȥĸ󻼣ѵħ֪
԰ǰһ԰
ѿȷǸ˱Ǵ
Ǵ֮ˣ˭أ
䣬ȫ֮˶Ȼ࣬Ҫ׾ʧΪ¡
԰УһѾ㣬԰仨֮쳣
԰ڴ˼ʱʱȥ
϶ΪףͬѰ
պ԰Ŀذף׵ɥ񣬰ļ򵥶֣ء
Уһλλس̵׵λǰߵ
ڳȫ԰ǰʱ԰ȫ׷ǰ
УڵϣûǰĴ
棬ǰӭ󣬹񣬵μ
ض񡣡
Ӧһ䣬ǰá
󷽣棬ɫ
ףˡ
ǰ׵λƽĳ޻㱨Ϣɡ
У̧ͷɫ֪ʦΪλͻȻʧȥΪ
޲֪
״ɥ֮ʱʳ֮⣬һλλۣǰ°׷ħ


1383 ֮ţؽħ
񳯣䣬ٹɥ
ʳУĿذףеİռ˰籣ʾ
԰ס
񳯻԰УձЩء
ڣɫ䣬ɱһš
׵ʵضûУ֮䣬ֽš
˵ݣȥ롣

һж̫ɺˣ׹ƣؽ̳֮⣬ױ£˵ֻɺϣɵӶš
ˣ
ʱ԰⣬һλ񽫿첽ʳǸ𣬴ǰӳطĴ£˲ء
ԣɫһĿ⿴԰֮⣬
ʳǣ°׷ħǰУŲħ
Ҳɡڵ
ǣˣ
䣬УǧħɳŻʳǸȥ
ǧħԽأ뱾Դǧħɣ
԰ڣ治ϴϢȡִ֮԰ȥ
Ҳȥæ
λͳ죬ڵ
ǣ
λħĽͳ칧ת뿪
ʳǽֵϣǧټƵӹȫɱİλߡ
ս𣬷ٱʳǵÿһأȻ໤ҲԵֵλߵ
ʳֵϣһϮ۵Ľ֣֪Ų
һΣ᲻뿪
Ƚ棬Ϊִ֪֮ȻʣȻӿ׾䡣
̸ͣ򣬸顣
ħħ涯һӭϣ㡣
콣棬â䣬ӰӶԷֱ档
޼
ȯٳҫĿǿӳִ֮ܡ
սб֣֮ϣڣ컯ͬȻ彣ܡ
𵴣ս˲֣ŻʳĴ
ûʱ
սз㣬ţ
䣬ִ֮ٶȽķâֱʺ
˰벽ܿ彣âһ̤ϡ
ȭȭ棬ͬԪȻӿһȭӭϡ
ȭȻһӡڶԷš
ħȻ壬˿ͬʱƺߣ˰벽
˽սʱʳУλߡǧħҸԶͻĴ
䣡
ڣʳУƴﵽųֵļޣʼѸٱ١
һ̣ʳ·ѹɢʷȥ
ʳֵϣ״һĨĮĻȡ
ڵȵˡ
˵ľ󣬻ʳǸӿˣ󣬳ʳǡ
ӽȫһȻǰ
һ̣Ӱ黯սȥ
԰иУɫ̳£Ӱʧ
ʳǣֵϣһѺ۳֣ס
Ѻ·ӿɢʳС
ʱһѺϿգ°׷Ӱ֣ûκԥٳŴ·ȥ
󷽣һϮ۵Ľϣ׷ᡣ
˷ûѺУһӿ쳣
صӰһǰһӹ·Դͷȥ
󣬽ǰ׷Ӱвβӿ
˵ĿģΪ˴񳯵ˣ
һˣҪǱ˶ȥԤʾ񳯵˼ߵͷ
Ѻ۾ͷ޴ƣһ˯صףȻۣ·ʱпܸ
ʮص񳯣ǰδеӴգһɳ졣
ϢǰӰ˵һնǰ
䣡
ħն䣬쾪ض󷽣ħ⻪ֱն֮ϡ
¡¡𶯣쳹أܴ֮ʯ´ѿһ̣Х죬ҡĴ£գ
Ӵľ೤ӿ쳣
죬ƾˣܿף֮ϣһϣžڿն
ǰ״̱ãӲ
ɣĴ·ɫ΢һȣѪ֮
䣡
ײգԼǣٸڱƣҷѹơ
Ҫ췴𣡡
ٴһȣԪߣԼ䣬ѹһ
ϣЦһն졣
ڣƾˣɫ΢òֵС
䣡
һ𣬴½Ȼһ̣ȴѹǰ
𿪴ž֮Ϸȥ
һ̣񳯸һλλľֿʳϿգ¶𺳡

ʳϿգƵ۳ƣƲУ֣ƾˡ
ϣ°׷ħ·硣
˲Ϣϣһǰһȥǰ·
ɡ
ϣڵ
赭дȴͬף쳹ʳǡ
ʳǸλսӰȥ
սУǧħڿն𣬷Լˡ
еսع飬У컯ųҫ۵Ĺ⻪뿪ƬʱնŤ
ؾʽֻؽޣ
ȣϣ޴г֣ûս֡
ӰӹҪ赲ȴֱӱɳȥ
Ķ֣ȣ
ʱǰһλλ֣߳ȥǰ·
ǰ·λߣɫѿ쳣Ҫʲô
սģԶϴ£졣
ɱˡ
һ²ľ
ԣһƬֹ̺ͣ
ȻԼ˶ҷѣ
ɫ£ȭӿһӡ
ħĴΪѽ徳һ˼ӳ֣Ǽ޵С
˴ս֮ʱ԰׵ĹľУ΢
ǰһ񣬵׳ء
ˡ
Уľ򿪣嫵ĺȻӿһλ߳Ŀ⿴ǰӣƽЩ꣬ίˡ
ⶼǵӦġ
ֻǣʳңҪ׳ִ֡

ǰӿɫУɣ΢΢
֮ţؽħ
ħʧˡ
ϣӿĴУӰӳȷˡ
ǿޱȵĹƣ羪İնŤ
ڴƽһ̣ͻȻһһԪͻȻ͡
ϣЦħӹۣһ
ᣡ
סѪʺ¶֮ɫ
ˣ
̧֣ħӿҪǰ
ˣ顣
˵䣬У۵֣߳Ŀ⿴ǰ׷ˣڵһΣǷһ顣


1384 徳
ʳϿգƣУ졣
ɫģ޴н߽ɣ
ɻ߱ԴʱУ۵ֹ֪߳
ףһ۲Զߣŵ飬ȷĶ
˵ֽ꣬˦˳ȥƽ졣
󣬰֣ȥ
뿪׿ǰˣڵ¿ɷ񳯵˹黹
ϣĻȣǲŪˣŵõ£ѵ֪𣿡
üǺ⣿
ǵĺѾ
ƽҪƾˡ
ԣɫ£ɿݵ̧𣬻ʳϿգƬվҡ
޼
Գ֣ͻ䣬޾ѹ֪
ǿѹ£У컯Ѹٷתڣ赲١
ףΪɲ⣬ֻ赭дһУƬն·Ҫת
徳
̧ͷʾķƣɫ¡
𣡡
·ܵصѹ
Ǳһȥ
˵һ䣬Χħӿʮ⻪죬ֿ⿰ѹȡ
ĿʳϿգɫӿУȻɢѹɫ
ʳǵһǿߣ׳־ΪֻѹѹƬء
ǰվϣһ御ӳ֣ŵһˡ
¹黹񳯵ˡ
һοڣɳƵ
ƾðɡ
Ӧһ䣬ڽϣѪˮʳ
ѪΪħѸںϣ̫ͼգ⻪ҫĿ
ҾһһħѪΪںΪһƱ
£ɢΪͼС
ٳɣ鰴ǿƳ֡
ϣӰӳֻ۵һ˲ǰ
ħնâײܣ̧Ӳħâ
Ȼһನ𵴣𵴣Ʊɫ
֮䣬̧ħ顣
ؾʽޣ
ңУ컯⻪ڣٵħ档
УŵһǿԣǣѪܴ
ؾʽޣ
Ըս컯ʧ躮Իޱʽ䡣
붯⻪ĿϣնƲ㣬ֱ¡
ŷ磡
̧֣Ȼϯ񽣡
ʽײӿһ˲֮䣬Ӱսȥ
ףڣĪҪĳŵ
䣬ʣѸȥλʧ
ս⣬ɢķɫ£Ҫ׷ϣͻȻһ
ɢƲУ߳һϮۣԡ
ףƲ߳ӰϾ֮ɫ
ʦ㣡
ɫ𾪵
Ȼ԰
˵һ䣬ȻӰʧ
ѹ𾪣ȥ
԰籾ȥ԰У׹ʮλվ԰Уӭ
ף񣬵
׺󣬽ǰߣʦøһ𡣡

ʮλ֮ףһλͷ׵߳ȵ񣡡
̧ͷֹǰ߼˵ȥĿ⿴ǰӣƽű봫ȥѲżڣԣźͻңֻܴһ
˫ȭգһؽ̨ǰһְźõģ

ûзϣͷ
ʦδ棬ǺʱˣɫԽ䣬ʵ
ؽ̨֮ǰƽ
ͽ˭
ҡ
䣬԰⣬룬ʦ֣ʦ
ˣһ̾һжˡ
ԭеһжֻı
ʦ㿴ʳʲô𣿡
Ŀ⿴ǰףоʧĲģľǻʳǰգţѲᵱʶţӸǡ
˵֣꣬ȯأתȥ
߿ԣִ֮£
ǰ׷߿ڣȵ
԰ſڣףһˣڽûʸá

׷ߴŭҪ֣㱻ֹ
뿪
׿ڣƽ
׷һ𣬹
԰⣬ŽȥᶨĲƬ̶ҡ
ʳǱһɽУλ֣߳
ˣ
䣬ϣӿ°׷Ӱ߳ڵǰʱȥԼ֮һǡ
ǣ
λ񣬹͡
ϣ°׷ӰʧӴɽȥ
ʲô˼˵˵߾ȥȵūָʹһλ߿ڣɫŭ
ৣ
䣬Уһƾնֱ֣նϴͷ­
ӿѪ꣬˼״ɫһ䡣
ˣ˵°ɣλСûʲôùӳԡ
һλòĵٸ˵һ䣬ת뿪


1385 
Ͻأδ֪ؽ磬ӿա
ϣ°׷Ӱȫע
࣬㲻ã
УХ죬ŭ
˫ۣƽҳŵʲô
˵ҪɣĪҪʳ𣡡

Цϸ˵ʲôɣҿɲǵҳŵ㣬Ҫ뿪
˵꣬˫۱պϣ
һƬ̺󣬷ŭƭңɵ̫࣬ƻˣ
䣬ͻȻҲҽڣꡣ
أХԽԽ΢š
ġ
Уʶʧʱĵ
Уû֮ƽЧң
Σǰٷġ
С«
ڣ
ɳ
С«ҡҡληɳ۵СŲ⣬ʵʲô𣿡
ܽˡ
ƽ
С«ԣ۾ǰ¶˷֮ɫɳ˵𣿡
šͷ
С«˷ܵطǰСľԴٻԺҪӴ
Ҫһӱһ
ͷ£С«ȥ
һС«Сͨ죬Ŀ⿴һԵˣ˵ллɳ
С«ȥĵط
ǰİأʵ
С«룬ָȥ
𣿡
¶΢ЦΪʲôȥأ
С«Լ½ǣЩ˼ָġ

ЦãҴȥ
Ϊħ޷
һգ°׷ħǰһƴСӣ󣬾棬̬쳣
磬ټһɽϣ̴ˡ
һ꽻ӵҹ磬ɽҰУ°׷Ӱʪ͸ԵЩǱ
ɳһ
С«һƬҶ´꣬۵СָŲԶ
ˡ
ͷǰȥ

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С«򣬺µɳ᲻йѽ
٣¹𣿡
¡
С«ץǰߵ죬ҳ
ЦЦī۾źҹɫ
˵й

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ѽ
ϣС«ͻȻŵǰС
С«ĴУɽɢǰŮӣһǰ
ɳйС«ŵ
û¡
ƽӦһ䣬ǰȥ
𣡡
ǰŮŭݣ쳣
£
ڣ
Ů˻𣬸ҪǰͻȻһ־غ
ʯǰϣ
ư쳣Ӳݴ
˿ݶһ¶ĵط
С«յǰ˿ϻź֮ɫɳǸ᲻
Ӧòᡣ
һЩ񣬵
ۣ
δ䣬űοǰµŮƯҿ벽
ɳҺ¡
С«̧ͷ
̧֣ӿûŮڡ
Ƭ̺ŮӻѸʵŤҲ仯
ָյİŮӣ㣬ڼŮҼ
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ڣɫĮ
ŮһһѸȥ
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С«˼ص˵ͷ򵥵СԴܿ˴£ڻǰȡů
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ڣС«Լĺ«ǰ˯ȥһԣһһҹ
ǰһսһܵ徳ǿߵĿ¡
Ȼʳ˼Ե徳ǿߣ
徳һ˼ľ硣
徳вСľ룬ؼ飬δ
߹ľľͷҪߵľ磬뽫߼
λ񣬽Ҫ顣
ɳ
˯УС«˷ݡ
ع񣬵һЦ֮飬Լ򵥣ǻǡ
һҹȥնɢҹĺ䡣
棬꽥ͣС«Ժסֱۣ˯ˡ
С«ڼϣȥ
ٲһŴ£Ůһ־ضڣóյԼĻ塣
޼ҿɹĹ»Ұڼİǰ
µŮӣƽȥɡ
ŮԣɫһĿ⿴źֻǰٲľ룬ȴ·Զġ
̧֣ҶƮ㣬Ϊϣסء
лɳ
ŮӼ״ع£
ûٶ˵ʲôȥ
ɳ
ϣС«ΰѵۣĿ⿴Χ˰
š
ͷˡ
ǸŮأ
С«ͷʵ
ȥˡ
ƽ
С«ŷ
뿪ãɽУֳȵºŷ䣬׷Ѱֵ١
ҵˣ
ǰºͣ𲻶ķ䣬ɫ
ڣŮӸܵɱɫ΢΢һ䡣
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ɡ
º
ƵУûκ죬쳣
ƲԳԷƣ
ºߣһ𣬶ʱһǿķȻɢΧ

УĽк𣬷ŮѸٱ٣ɢ


1386 ħ
磬ɽҰ䣬ǧټǵɮֳǰУħа
ϲܻЩի𣿡
һСԺǰеɮͣ²Ժˣڵ
СԺڣ˿ɮߣľͷƳɵդʦ
лϲ
ɮߵлԺС
ʦʢЩˡ
˽ӹɮеĲۣΡΡسȥ
ʱ˶ŷݸǰɮߡ
л
ɮ߽ӹˣһƣؿʼ
վһԣɮ̻ʵسԷɫƽͣû̫ɫ
ѲǵһμЩеɮˣЩɮ˶ǺˣΪħа˾塣
ɮ߳Թիûжȥ
͵ԺǰĿɮȥ
ɽҰ䣬Ǿ֣˱ŵһʮʮ٣Щֵٱ¶˶ñɮߵշЩľ֡
еɮ˴ܰյǮֻữһիҲˣĿɮܾ
ȴǲ֪ΪΣа;ҪԶԶطǧټǵɮһͬ޷а
ɮȥãԺ⣬°׷ӰĿ⿴ǰɽɫ
˵ɽһǸķ£һλɮޱȣ淨⣬죬˳ɷ
淨⣬죬֣˳ɷ𣬱㲻Ѱܹ
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ϣС«קһͷʵ
ˡ
Ŀ⿴ǰΡΰĴɽӦ
֣
ʱСԺУ˿Ժ׷Ӽ˵Сˣ־
С«˵ĺ۾˹ȥͣҲ֡
֡
˽ˣ󣬸Ͻתܻӡ
ɳ
С«ίˣҲ֡
С«飬Ȼ֡
¶΢ЦӦ
˵ȰοС«ָܿ飬Լ
һԱߵСԺ˼룬ǰɽȥ
﷽з֮
ɮ
С«ɽһɽ֣С«·ԼļңĳСŵܡ
Сıޣˡ
󷽣ѵ
Ҳޡ
С«ͷ˵һ䣬ĵسǰȥ
ظں棬Ŀ⿴ǰͷɽ֣ѰҴ˵ټ
֪ʱȥϦ䣬ɽУɫѸ¡
ѽ
ɫʱǰС«۵𣬼̶
ԣüͷ壬˹ȥ
ǰУС«ٷɻأһѱסǰֱۣɳй
¡
οһ䣬ǰȥ
УƯŵʮλӰȫŮӣͷ棬쳣
ڶԩм䣬ɮֳȶһ赲塣
ɳöѽ
С«С
ǹ
ƽԩꡣ
ԩʲô
С«
ǰĿ겻ɢ
ЩŮӺ͵Ůһ⿴ƺƽҲʲô
ǰڶԩ֮䣬ɮ߽һԣ˫ֲϣз䣬ʼȻΧԩꡣ
ɮоΧԩ̲ҽ
ɢʮԩָԭòǶ껪Ůӣ绪ïͣȥ

ɢȥʮλԩģɫǿ־塣
ӷ𣡡
ɮ˫ۣһӿûκ飬оҪЩԩȫȻ
ţ
ʱɮɫһĿ⿴ǰİ׷Ӱ
ǣ
ħ
ħɮȫ䱸쳣
ǰʮλԩ״̳˷ȥ
ӷ𣡡
ɮɫһ䣬סȣغݺһ١
ɲǼ䣬ɮɱɢԩꡣ
Ϊɱǣ
ǰƽʵ
ɮɫ£»Ұкˣݡ
˵ͷħأ

ɮɱ¶
ߺá
˵䣬ɮ߹𣬺ס
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ɳΪɱС«
ΪɱЩԩꣿûлش𣬷ʵ
ΪѽС«ش
Ϊκˣʵ
С«ԣСԴʱã벻𰸡
ΪҪš
ƽͬ޻ᲶʳţĿģֻΪ˻š
С«¶ãȻе־Щ
ôࡣ
΢ЦҲɱҲ취ɱңħͲܹ档
ɮȥʱɽУϵķ۾Ŀ⿴ǰһĨ
ħ


1387 ɱɮħ
ҹ£ɽ쳣¹£ɽֲָɭˡ
С«ɽּ䣬һ·ɽȥ
ҹ紵̹ǣС«У۾Χҳ
˴ʱɽǰɽ΢΢
һ̤Ӱڿն
ħ߽ɽ䣬ʢҪ赲ħ߿
Ȼ׷ħΪУ˿ûκӰ졣
УɮиУɫ¡
⣬ԡƿ֮š
֨ѽһŴ򿪣룬ǰţĿӡ
ʦ
⣬ͣһ
ڣɮڵʩߴطˡ
⵽ˣҪʦ񡣡
ƽ
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𣿡ڵ
Уɮɫһ¶֮ɫ
֨ѽһ֮Ŵ򿪣룬ŴǰӰһ񣬵ʦ
㲻ħ
ɮ´ǰˣ
ħôҪ𣿡ʵ
Ȼɮ
ԣһ̾Ǹطˡ
䣬˫ָīɫüĴѪƳ֣ħԾˡ
Уħ֣һӹѪ
ɮһо𾪡
ӿѪȾǰأĿ쳣
ת뿪ʱʧҹɫ֮С
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ڣС«ҡͷѽ
ΪΣ
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£ȾѪħٴ¾˵ľɱɮħȫǿԼʵ
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ɮ߲Զɪɪħ֮£Ҷ֡
°ɡ
һ۹֣
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У˵һ˽Լļţһһ㶵ġ
ƭˣ
ʱԶԣһλŮڣô
˵̧ͷŲԶŮõС飬мٲɣЩڳɽϣҪſȥ
ȥȥһĻԡ
Ů˵һ䣬ùϵıŲȥ
Сǰ⣬ɽϣŮֽߵɽǰʱ˼֮⡣
ǰɫɽһƬʲô
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ɽּ䣬ХëȻ
ŮսеĽʮԽԽ¡
ΧɫѾȫ£ɼһɡ
ء
ʱŮӵĿɭ¡
ҹĪĿ˸ӿ־壬Ůͣ²Ӳ

ɭɭĺʮλӰ֣ƯϣΧסŮ

Ů״̼УסԴŵû겻ᡣ
ΧʮӰƯԽԽ
ӺΧŮ̧ͷǰѿһˡ
ֲŮ쿪˫֣˿Լ壬һ
ԼûԵ

ʱɽУĽкɢ
Ůѹп־壬첽˹ȥ
ǰµɮߣȣɢһһӰ
ʮӰת۱ȫɱɮУ۷𣬽ԩдĻС
ŮһĻ쳣
ʱҹͷ°׷Ӱ˫īüĿѪɫħƣ
ɮиУĿ⿴ǰɫʱһ
ħ
Ϣ󣬰׷ħ߽δһĿ
ɮһֵضûУӰֱֱȥ
ǣ
ǰһŽɮߵĲ۲飬ʮлɳܵعһԷɽ


1388 ɱɮ
ҹɽҰ룬׷ħɱɮߣδħ߳УɮȻѪС
ǿޱȵħÿɱһλɮߣϵħԱԽǿһ֣ʵԽǿһ֡
µʱ䣬ʮλɮħ߽£Ѫ˷置
ɽУΪ˵ԵŮǰ˫ŵѾܶ
Ȼڹȴɱ˷𣬷˹
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Ůûᣬȥ
Ůعһ̣֪Сܸȥ
ɽŮҲɽٲľ룬Ůĸ󣬴Ҵ
ɫСǰûκͣСС
Сǽֵϣ°׷ħǰУʶܿԸ
ƽ䲻ʶħǣɢıϢʶԸ̫
󷽣Ů棬ӣĿ
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ŮԣɫһæˣС̣С㡣
һؿǰѾͷصʲôأ
£Щٺ˵
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ѵͨͨħǰİ׷
СУɫͻȻ£ʣƻ۶¡
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аħݣ
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𣡡
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⣡
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󷽣֤һĻİȻ𣬾ȻҲֹסˡ
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ٲ󣬰ʹظϣȻЩ־壬ȴǸ
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䣡
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ű٣ͥУиУɫͬʱһ
˴ͥ
ǰ֮ͥĿ⿴ţɫ¡
֮ͥڣ
ǣ
ͥУһλλȥ


1389 ־
綫ΰ׳ͥʣһգʬѲƾճֱ֣ײͥš
磬ǰ֮ͥʬ
ǧټǵ񽫳׷⣬ʬѲΧס
ǰһλֳǹͥս߳ĿǰɽΣɫ
ѹѰǿߡ
ץ
սڣ
һ£ǧӹǿϢƱɫ
·ϣ
ֻһ̣ɽ֮УһλŴµŮֵ֣߳һӣеĿȫɳȥ
Ѫ޶Ŀظ־֣һ
󷽣ǧɫһ䣬Ӷ¡
սǰŴµŮӣɫ΢Ųһ̤ǰȥ
ǹӭն£Ƴɽսͥǿļλս֮һ־Ϊ
һǹն䣬ֱӱ޴ǻ֣ӿ
ɽǰظ־ӽӭϣȻһӣ˷ɢ
°ɡ
һн棬ظ־ԪǿޱȵĹۣȻǰ񽫡
⣬Ӱͣ£ǴһĨѪ䡣
ֻһУͥս޲ʤ񽫾Ѹˡ
ظ־ͥʧԶӭˡ
䣬ϣɫƵ漴ۣһӰ߳Ŀ⿴ǰŮӣڵ
֮ͥ
ظ־⣬
Ե޹ʻͥţ־øһ𣿡֮ͥƽ
ƬأʱˣΪβ֪ظ־Ц
־ԣΪ𣿡֮ͥ£
룬޹أÿ
ظ־ɱԣ
˵أ֮ͥǿӲ
Ǳɱɡ
ظ־ûٶ˵ֵתƣɫ⻪ҫ۶Ŀǿޱȵĵϯʮء
£ظ־ٻ磬ǿƶ֮ͥ
ս֣֮ͥӿãϢÿ˵·
־ȻżǱаɡ֮ͥɫָƽ
ǰظ־΢΢𣬻ֵۣתɽ֮С
һ̣ʬɽȥʧ
ͬʱ°׷ħһ·Уһ˫֣ȾѪ
ҵħȴԽǿҵǿħ塣
ɱɮħֻڴ˵еĽ֮ӹ񣬴δ
𷨴ɵɮߣÿɱһˣǿҵħ߷ħһħɡ
ԽԽɮȥŽħɮ٣УħֺУ洦ɼ
磬ɽУһڣе߳ÿһλŵľʵ˼䣬ħ
ͬʱַɽϣһλ˷ɽ
µŮĪ棬ְֳƿϢǿ˿ڷɽλݸ߹ķ
ȺɽһĪ磬ʵȷʵǿ˵С
ԣɽĴȺ˵徳ΪȻǿߣҲضá
ʮºһǰͣǰѪɺӵĴüͷ塣
ڣеɮȫȥ˿ȫʺһ
ӷ𣡡
ʱ󷽣һ𣬰µ£ҫԾˡ
ɱ޹ﲻ⣬¸طɽ췣
Ⱥڣݾܾ
תǰŮģķɫ΢
ǿķ
ˣĸо
ǰȺͣĿ⿴ǰѪɺӵĴȻĳһ̣Ҳڷŭ
ЩˣɶǸɱȺ
ǡ

ȺĿɨĲ״񣬲ԸϿָ࣬ޱ޼ʵɢ
徳ѹۻ羪Σ˲ʧɫ
״Ӱ˲ˣ˼٣ǰ߷â
Ⱥɫ仯Χⲻɢ治ᡣ
ޱߣޱߣϢ֮䣬Ӱӳ⣬ȴӲ𷨵ı߽硣
УȺŻԶߣ˲Ϣ䣬ٲ⡣
ٶȵľ棬ӴȺޱߵĴͨʱ֪޷ռơ
ǰδĶ֣ǰδеΣ徳ǿԳ֣ǿƼ֮ħ
Уħײħˣϻġ
ǰȺԽԽΪѹһз
˵һ飬¸طɽȺڣ
ܡ
ƽӦһ䣬һħӿӲ˷ӿķ
ڤ粻飡
Ⱥɫ£ٶȰָҫ۵ķУһˮӰƿɳɲǼ䣬Ϊ˴


1390 
磬뱻ŵĴ⣬δ𺳡
Ϊƽħһ·ɽɱ֪
ƿܣһˮ飬Ϊκûս֡
̤Ӱӳо֮Уܿһһعơ
׵ĵ徳ǿߣһһ磬һҶһϾ磬ֻǶһˮɾΡ
ޱߣͶƣȺչ־Ϊһ֮󣬰ƿУ֦ɳ֦ҶɨҫĿ
սУһʶӳ֮⡣
ɨ֪ԭ֮أձѣس䡣
磬Ѫ۹Ǿ顣
ܴɫ£һħӿɱɮħѸ޸ת۵ʱ䣬ѵı۹Ǿԭ
ǰȺһĻɫ
ӷ𡣡
Ⱥ̧֣طƣսУѹ£ɽ
ΣΪͨĵ徳ǿߣȫƣӰŲâ
Ȼޱ߷У˵Ⱥܵһʱϡ
˵ĴսһֱԽʮӹɽӴ󴨣׷ħߵĲ
겻ɢ
ʮ⣬׿һ治ĴȺɫԽԽ
Ϊֹڵ徳ǿߵ˽̫٣ѿǿڡ
ħ⻪ʢһӹ׶ȷˡ
УȺֱ̧֣ӵ½⡣
Ȼľ࣬ѹƽϼ޼᲻ݵļһ̣֧׾
սֲɫû̫⣬һ֮һٳ
صӣ׷£նǰ
Ⱥ˷ΧӣǧԻؽ⡣
ǧɢǧ⣬֪ʽȫ汻ѹơ
תǧأ
ʽƣУħأ°Ƭ¡¡
䣬ƽذɽɽ岢ϣΧ
ȺΧƾճֵɽָӰڿն£̨֡
ȺΧɫĻϳ֣ס
䣡
ɽ£ȻһΪһ
⣬ǰϵɽϲκϲɫ
Ƭ̺ɽУʢһ¡¡ɽӦ١
ϣȺ̨ϣһҫƾˡ
ǿɺķŵһǿ֪в˷ֺ
ˡ
ս棬ϣ̳ˡ
ڵķУΣ˫ֱʡ
ˡ
̨ϣʳĻɫ
˷˵ħ
Ⱥ̧֣Ѹᡣ
ϣ˼ƣŴͨ£ȻҲչᡣ
ħ䣬£ɢΣ°׷Ӱٶ߳
ռ䣬⻯ΪɫӶ֪֮
ǧټǵķݺύԱˣħѵ
̤ӰŲܿһһɫ
̨ϣȺ£Ŀ⿴ǰ׷ħߣһǰ
ħͬһ㡣
ħնһɫϣӰַת컯Ի
ѩǧ
ħתϢͬʱ컯鱬ҫ۵ɫ⻪ӳּ֮
ǰݿķʥ׶ȳ֮
ǰȺ΢УϢ֡
ħڣȻͬʱôԽȻͬ
սУΧ͵ķʥͬɫ
оѵƺܿʥ
Ȼ֪ԭ򣬲˵һ¡
ħʧ˽Իüħʧһħǧ
սУɢȺΧⶳᣬаƿڵ֦˺˪
ԭ㡣
һ̣Ⱥڲ³ǰ˵ݡ
λ˼ˣû뵽ɱˣ
֣˲֮Ϊı̬ȡ
ֻΪħ
Ⱥⲻ˲顣
ˣҪסˣһ̽ˡ
˼ˣȺ𣬺ޱߣ糯˷ӿ
ǰ״˽գӣѩӿΪϣǰ
䣡
ײɢѩ֪
⣬أһѪŻ
㲻Ķ֣ĪҪν
Ⱥǰɫƽ
δء
ǰŲµһ̧̣ͷ
ţ
Ⱥɫһֻ£ǿ󣬾޴̫ͼ֣ת
ȣ
һȣ˽｣̫ͬУ񽣷Ŵ󲻶ת
˵һսøĿһĿԶɫ쳣
أħӰײһһɽսң쳣
Ǵ֮᪻ӳ
ҵײ𣬱תԴԴϣĳ
ǴУȺŽ²ת̫ͼ΢С
˵ֶʵ٣ǰ»ܲ
Ⱥаƿ֦ϣˮ£Ϊ¡
ŷĴ꣬
Ľڣ˵ķ޿ײ룬ǿгǴеı
ӿıУӰӹХǰ
ȻһǴУ˽｣ǰƿնϺ
ȺָۣӲ˫
ҵĳУ󷽣Ӱǿһƣڷ｣ĩˡ
｣˽˫âƿһ꣬ǰ
䣡
˽ƣȺģһѪȻ䡣
Ŀ죬ȻֻһΣȴǷ˷֤ݡ
Ⱦ죬Ѫصһ̣սٶȱ仯
ˣĿ࿴ˡ
ȺĵѪ
䣬£Ѫ˲ϢĹΪ޾Ѫû֪
ɫһŲһ̤ҪѪ
Ȼһ̣·ѪҷӿһֻֻѪɫֳ֣߳Ķץ֪˫ȡ
˵ľƬѪУǧǧѪְڶɭ¡
ǰδеļһսԵ徳ĴȺȫ汻ѹƣѡ
ѪǴתûܵѪ¶֮
˫գ˫ɻأնһֻֻѪ֣ڿն
·Ѫӿ죬һ޴Ѫɫ޳֣Ѫӭն¡
ӽֵһƺߣ졣
Ⱦ죬һѪΪ̳֣ˡ
ϣȺаƿնһƣȱħ
⣬ֲ̧Ѫת˫âȻࡣ
ĵ徳ǿߣǿĿ¡
ʽǵľǿ߿ɵУսʽȻͬ

˵һ䣬ɫƵ˼Ϣ۷塣
Ⱥ״ɫ΢ƻδ
˼ҡضһ̤˵תӡ


1391 ĳ
磬ħսȫ֪һƴԶȥ
Ⱥɫһû뵽ǰ˻ô֪ܵܡ
Ƭ̵ĳɣУ֪Ѿӳ֮ң
ȺعУƿɳ֦ҡҷѸٳǰӶȥ
յ֦ϳ˷ɢˣġ
󷽣ȺǰУУٶȾȻ˿ѷɫ˼١
һ׷һӣ˿ԽɽӣûаͣЪ
ǰƣٶԽԽ죬жȥ
ݿ˴֪ٸҹֱӳ磬ĺϿա
纣һֱĽأȻħǿߣ׶Ը̤㺣
δ֪֮أ̫⣬Ըա
ϿգӶ˽һµ׿һۺ󷽲ĴȺʱЩͷ
λִţ
𣿡
Ⱥ
׷ұ㲻ӡ
ת΢Ц
µ˼Ҫطɽ𣿡
Ⱥƽ
ɱңԴҵʬȥ
ĿɨΧĺЦ
Ⱥԣûٶ˵̧ᰴ賤֦Ѹɢ
״ԥתӡ
֦ɨλãһӦݣ·ܵӰ죬ηӿˡ
ǰٶܣȺںľɱ֡
ȺУһö⻪ҫ۵Ľɫӳ֣˲Ϣ󣬻Ϊ⼲۶
Ⱥʱ޾£˼䡣
֮⣬ܵɱ̶̻
¡һ̶𶯣ֲĳԲǧأ졣
ನѪĿ⿴зĽɫӣɫ΢䡣
ʲô̶ס
̶ɻأ̶ٶȳǰɫȥ
¡ֻұһ飬˴һͬɳȥ
ǰƲٳǰȥ
⣬סΣı䷽򣬳ȥ
󷽣Ҳ֮ı䷽򣬼׷ȥ
ûûˡ
һ·ܣͷʱ䶼ûУ򲻶ϸı䣬ɫӹĻᡣ
󷽣Ⱥ治׷ϣÿһʩչͨŻ֮
·򣬾βϷӿ׵ĵ徳ǿߣͶ㣬ɫ䡣
գһһɫԽ侲ȫѰĻᡣ
Ͳţλ׷ɱʮء
籱ޱ޼ʵĺϣ⼱ӣУӹٶȿ¡
ǰУ°׷Ӱۣһһθı䣬Ӱ𲻶
޼᲻ݣɽ̶ޱȣײನХƬ򶼾ҡ
ַɽϣһ߾ǰ̨֮ϣ֣ׯϣŭ
ڷ𳯰ݣ𽲾һ࣬λϿգƵ֣
ֹһµʱ䣬𽲾ڷ뿪
𣬴Ⱥδ
ǰһλڣ
ͷĿ⿴򱱷ƽȼɡ
·һλλԣ¶ɫԴȺΪôöܲħʵ˷˼
籱죬У°׷ӰѪ߰ߣȻ˲ˡ
£Ʋۻ޸ܶʼʵڵĲᡣ
徳ǿߵǿ󣬷ǳܹ֪ͣͬʱӵмٺ;սܱܡ
УȺԴͨسɴ磬ƥؼٵط򷨣Ȼʧɫ
׷࣬ȺɫԽԽû뵽ǰ˻ǿ
Ȼ˵Ϊһ㣬սȴǾˣܵĹ˫
򲻹ܣһܵ˿죬¼䣬ʵҲڶ
׼ӵʱأȺڣ
ӵ׷ʱ򡣡
Ӧһ䣬û˿˼
Ⱥü֮鷳
ԴӵٶȵԣʱڣȷҲûа취
˼Ƭ̣ȺӰͣ£ƽ׷ˣҲͣ°ɡ
ǰ¶죬һɵͣӣΪΣѵҪŹ𣿡
ôȺܸ»ȥ᲻ܿ񡣡
Ⱥֻȥܲס£Ҳȫ磬ỻʽʤ
ʲôʽϾǽ䱸֮ɫ
ֻһУֻܽӣܶ㣬һ֮󣬸ܰȻ£Ÿȥܣ¸طɽȺƽ
ü˼ãͷԡ
롣
Ⱥ̧֣У콵ݺύҫĿ
ǰ״ɫ
ˮת˫˫һ
ƽˮ֣ǧǧ޾
ħͷһ֮Լܿܡ
ʤ֮ʱ·ͻȻ죬һֲľ޴Ӱֱ֣Ϯˡ
ͻı仯Ⱥɫһ䣬ת·޴Ӱ
Ȼ˵һĻУУ޴ĺӰſֱ£µľ˻صУͷβòû¶
£޴ĺӰȥٶ֮죬ǲѷ̫ࡣ
Ӱ˲ãϿգʬɽδԶ۶
ɽУظ־߳ΧϢü塣
һ
ظ־ڵ
ɽУһλͬŴµŮ߳ĵգ
ŮҸ󣬱ʧĹŮ֣Դ͵Ŀ⿴Χһվʱ
ʶѲά̫ãһԵѾ÷ˡظ־ڣƽ
ŮĬãڵܳɹ𣿡
٣ϣظ־ɫ
ŮͷްĿⲻؿһΧĽһ̾
Ҳһξˡ
һ̣Ů彥ɢΪǹûظ־ڡ
ǻع飬ظ־һϢڱξ
һ̣һλλħֿԶ¶𺳡
Ϣÿ¡
ͬһʱ䣬֮ͥˮŮַۡϷՕDȫ߳ɫ
ظ־
ĵظ֮ڻˡ
ӭ־
־ع飬ϣһõӰ֣
ϹŵӰӡ֤ظǧս꣬ӭӵظ֮
ӿĹУظ־ǰǧظս꣬ƽˡ
ӭ־
ظǧս긩ףӰʵŵظ֮ع飬¸
սҪʼˡ
쾳ڣ߳Ŀ⿴ԶһĨɫ
ظ־ع飬һᡣ
ȵˣһز޿ܡ
䣡
ڵظ־ʱ籱ʱվͷһնϡ
ϢУһϮɫȹӰ߳˿ѩƮ衣
̫飬ʱ꣬硣


1392 
籱޾£޴ĺӰιӰβ쳣Ӵ
ڤ㣬Ի֮󣬲֪伸ǧҲ
ֻڴ˵е˼䣬һڱ㽫֪͵徳ĴȺɸС
ϣηӿһƬƽʳ˺󣬱֮ס
УȺ̨ϣΧҫס
ǰͬ컯飬ֵ֮еķ
гȥİ취𣿡
ǰ΢Ц
ȺΧõʱ̣üͷ塣
ŽʱԼǸӣûв´Ӧñ˸С
Ǵ˵еޣ˵Զʱͷ˶Ĳʳƾ޵УȻħǡ
û뵽У

ٴοڣʵ
ûС
ȺӷԴа취
Цûа취οֹ취ȥΣ
Ⱥ룬ͷԡ
ŵӲڿϣŵԡɫ
Ȼ
Ⱥƽȥ֮ǰ¾ܷġ

¶΢Ц֪ʲôǣ

Ⱥʵ

ü˵Ǹ㲻㣬Ĺ
Щ鷳ˡ
˵У˶ʳɼǺεȿ¡
˼ˣҪסط뿪
Ȼ˵һĻķѸɢȥǱеķ֮ɴ
ûõġ
Ⱥڵǵ徳ǿߣκ޷ﳤ棬ܻڣе컯顣
ԣüͷ壬Ȼô
ܳŶãʵ
һꡣȺش
Ŀ⿴棬ʱ䵹㹻ǲ֪ʲô취ܳȥǿƿǷԣ
ܡ
ȺҡͷʱգԳһ磬κΪǿƿʱգͬ޷뿪
ֳΧת˼Ȧʲôûп
·޵磬һʱͿռ䶼·޷
̧֣˽֣һնٳǰȥ
žûκζʧУҲûκβ
ãã𽣣εûа취ˡ
Ⱥɫûκ⣬֪ܳȥ
벻ȥİ취Ҳʱôܣǰķʵһ飬䵽ûת
ǧǰѾ𣿡Ⱥش
ʼղܾһԡ̾
ȺĬú󣬿ڵֻܸ㣬ת֮˵Уޡ
Żǲأʵ
ȺٶȳĬûлش
ǰĬ̬Ͽ࣬ҲֱǶԵġ
ˣܰת֮ô£
̫ʵǰԿ塣
ɷһ£ڵ
ԡ
ȺûоܾӦ
쾿жǿ

Ⱥ֣ɫһΪλдʣ
ֻʡ
ûش𣬵Ϊָ֪λ죬Σ
ͬն
Ⱥƽȵ̤徳ˡ
徳
һ䣬ɫͻȻһ
а취ˡ
һ֪Ըһԡǰڵ
Ⱥԣɫʲô취
١
Ȼⷽ޷ƿǱٴ潫ƿ
٣
Ⱥüͷ壬٣ûκرԴ޷١
񡣡
΢ЦֻҪһ񣬶Ȼ٣ʱǱпܳûȥ
Ⱥ΢΢ǰ˵ĺ⡣
δǰӱ֮ãһ񣬿ܵס
濼һ¡
Ҳûдߴ٣ɫƽ
̨ϣȺ˼ãڵԣ»񡣡
Ǳлˡ
һ΢Ц
̨ϣȺ£аƿǿޱȵķӿǰ֪֮
徳ĴȺԳ֣֪ƿڣ̲صرԴɳԴԴû֪ڡ
·˫պϣڵϷӿһоữʥ֮תΪرԴһ
Уӿ޾رԴ֪컯ͬʱʱҫ۵Ĺ⻪
ͬʱϣηӿ졣
֪˶ãϣһɾ˳𣬺˾ա
У°׷Ӱ쳤Хһ⻪ڣҫ۶Ŀ
ǰȺָз䣬ȫǰϢ
֣⣬ϿգиУƻۣ״
䣡
֮󣬾֮ϣһֲ׹ֱӺ뺣
뺣췭ظɾ˷ӿֱһΪ
䣡
һʣڶٶ£δü£ĺٶȱ
Ӷʣһ£޾֮ס
𣡡
֮ףܵʹ˻
չﺣʼ죬ˡ
䣡
һŭ״ϡ
˻ᳯź֮ȥ
ٽϣ޴Աֻܿת۵Ĺ򣬱ѳܳɰǧ
УʹȺҲܵ춯Ϣٽ
Ͽգ޴ڱǧﺣŭ
ֲľޣǰδֻһŭϿգʼҡ

籱ˮƵ۹ڣˮŮиУ¶ɫ
ͷΪλͻȻ˱ꣿ
ߣϿգչ硣
ʣϺ£һһϡ
Ӵޱȵľ޵Ӵܣĩա
ַɽĿ⿴򱱷ɫ΢
עã̧֣ᰴ¡
һ̣ԶϣۣһִֻȻѹϡ
޴һֱӱһȥ
¡
׹أѣɽ嵹ĩ֮𺳡
ϣһ޴Ѻ۳֣Ѫӿꡣ
䣡
ʣǧٵʮɴϸŭ׺£Ѫ⣬ٴ۵Ѫ
У磬վŤͻȻһѺ۳֣Ȼ΢ȴ
ɹˡ
иУɫһգ˽֣һն˹ȥ
䣡
Ѻۣ𶯣ѺѸӣƬ̺ɢ೤
ˡ
˵һ䣬һ̤ȥ


1393 Ԫ
Ͽգ״·ϡ
ټÿռгѺۣһնÿռ䣬ӳ
󷽣Ⱥ߳һ»ָҫ۶Ŀ
䣡
ʣиУ콵·֪
лˡ
·תһۺ󷽵ĴȺ¶΢ЦڣȻɢ׹⡣
˽ַ棬죬ӽУ޴Ӱ֣֮䡣
ӽȻޱȵĽֱնʽƣؾ
󷽣Ⱥǰľ޴Ӱɫ¡
ΣǸɽһ˵Ķ֡
ٵ£һǿ쳣תںΪһ
磬سʼδ֮ʱﲻ棬Ψл糤档
ܣתʲϱ仯ʱʱǿϢ𾪡
У컯֣ϢУʧ
Ⱥעǰɣڵ׼𣿡
ˡ
ͷ˽̧𣬵лһǲܸطɽ
Ⱥףûٶ˵ָ콵
սٿؼ䣬ӣ춯ء
Уʥâݺύϴǰȴ˲ٵļ
ܵǰʮ
Ȼ徳ǿߣ˻Ҳô򵥣οС
ȻȻˣҲ֡
ȣ
һȣߣɫħɫ˫Իͬ䡣

䣬ħ˫ͬУͬ죬ɱޡ
ɱȺɫ΢⻤ơ
¡һ̽һУನХس١
Ⱥ𶯣һΣҲûдǰսʱĴݡ
˳ʵԱȣ֮һ
Ⱥһ𹦺أȻǰ۷塣
Ͽա
䣬ˡħͬޱȵĽ⣬վڴȺ֮ϡ
ٶȵһƺ󣬴Ⱥָз䣬ĬĬ
ɲǼ䣬֮ϣʥ޾·
̤׺УתĹơ
ȱħħӡ
أȺԸսʽ֣ʱؼ䣬޴ķӰ֣һư£֪
״ˡħգ󷽣ӰħͬʱԻȫۡ
죬Уڶӭжϡ
ײ¡¡𶯣쳹أУĵͬʱ飬ʧ
ನȺ𶯣˺벽
ˣУ˲｣磬š
˵ķ˼٣Ӧ｣ײҳ
һ˲֮䣬｣ƿ⣬ؿڡ
Σһ̣Ⱥ̧ץ｣ѪʣȾ񽣡
£
Ȼһǰ
˺󣬻ħӶħϣħ
ΣȺаƿڣ֦ɳɨٵС
ħԪʥԪײħһ̣һƣӳħ
¡˫֣ǿӿħǰУԼ䣬ռơ
ָ
һ˲Ⱥַʽһָƿħħ
תħ󷽣˲ƶ䣬ɽ
֮䣬ɽҡضһɽεضս֡
ҵĴսתۼ䣬棬ѷʤ
⣬֪ͣΣĿ⿴ǰȺƽĹ̫Ѳܽ£ʹְͣɡ
ȺעǰϢӰã⽥ȥ
ʲô֣Ⱥ̾
ҲԽ֪ںϣ¶΢Ц
֪
Ⱥһ˵ͷϣܲ㣬ɽܾʹ˰ݣ»һȰطɽϣԸ´ᷢ䡣
л⣬֪֪·ȻҲСһӦ
Ⱥ֪̾˵棬ûٶȰ
ԾڴˣѾˡ
ȺĿ⿴˵ڵؼʣ޼ޣ´˴ܹɹҲĹͣһɡ
ͷһûоܾŵҲɱ
ºΪ֮ڡ
Ⱥ˵һ䣬ΧƣӰȥ
һ¡
ʹȺҪȥʱ¶΢ЦŮ
Ⱥһࡣ
䣬ȺӰȥʧ
Ů
һ䣬ʵ
Ȼؼ䣬⾡ɢκλӦ
εҡҡͷĿ⿴һ·Ӱ
ǧԭϣڵأϵ͵˻Ȼ˲ˡ
öԣʵ
ͺôضζ
Сһ㡣
˫ʹ
Դ̵£Сࡣ
ҴӦɱ㣬һƲᣬԼغ𣿡ʵ
˻˫𶯣ҪŬ˼Σȴʧˡ
ü׺ǧְٿ׵ȥ
˵̧꣬ϢԻѸû֮
ݺǧľ޴ޣȻ˶һɽޱȳء
ԻԪû֮Ӱڿն𣬳źȥ
ɽ֮ܣģٳűȥ
޴ĸۣȻҲ޷չᣬ˵ʩչ٣˰µ·ٴλص
ͨ
ϿգջػԪ亣УɾΡ
ˡ
ǺشŴʹȺ¶ûоô۹
صУ޴ܹͷ­ˮ棬˻л
ҡضϷٴγΪܺߣͷۻ
ˡ
Ŷ䣬ȵ
ίԴصˮУٳ
ˣҲˣԼ˰ɣڡ
ɣԸٶתߡ
𣡡
·״ͷ­ٴƽ棬
͡
׼ΣԪ˻֣ȥ
󷽺У˼ǰӰԶȥ󣬲ջͷ­źȥ
ɳ
ϣС«ϣȥ
ɱɮ
ħüħƳ֣ħ䡣
磬ûǣңȫȫԼʵ
Ĺ֣Զؽ磬֣˻
Ȼ˲ʣҲûбҪˡ
ַɽϣע磬ׯϵķ⡣
û뵽ȺȻʧˣֻǣλഥ˷粻ݴĽɣá


1394 ħ
磬޾ϣѷɽһ׷ɱָ֪ħüѪɫħƣѪȴĿ
Ϊʵɱ죬ȻϧһдۣУһ棬¼䡣
Ⱥħʧܣ綼һԽܵ飬ɽУһƬûκ
дʹ֣߳Ѱ߷еɮߣ֪ͨħ֮¡
ȻĴͳɮѾ鲼磬ǶʱܹȫѰ
ɱɮ֤ħٶȿκδʹߣΣɽʹѰɮߣȴֻɮߵʬ
ħӣʱ䣬Ļ̻̣ɽΪɮߵĽء
£ȵĹԽԽ࣬Թ꣬ų϶Ůӣɡ
һɽڣǰһλɮߵѪУʺ룬һ޷ء
ħ飬٣磬֪κС
սֲԶһλλ룬ɪɪ
֣ӿûڶڡ
ʮλŮɢݻָǰòǰ׷ӹһɽʧ
ɳǺÿ
ϣС«һλλʧİŮ۵С¶֮ɫ
ֻйֺУɽĴڣŻز١
Զַɽɫڷţӡһֱãһʳͽĳɹķţ޷𾴡
ɳǿ㣬ҲܾȸˡС«Ͼǲ̣ߴٵ
š
ջĿ⣬ȥ
ַɽȺ̨ϣָҫ
ĴȺҹϢ޸ܴķ塣
ϣڽϣׯϣѹˡ
ɽͷԴȺ󣬼ûκν
ɽ˶ȺȻֻλȴǱеķҪߣڷɽ֮
ɽϣйħϢϴɽ²ٸȥ׽ãȫʧܸա
ħǿ󣬳󣬴Ⱥ֪֮²û˵֣ɽҲ˳˲СĿ
ɽɳ˲ʮλħĸ֣ȫޣûһ˻Ż
Ⱥ
ڣڷɽλħĸֺ󣬷ɽϣڣǰĿϢĴȺλǲǷʲô飿
Ⱥ۾һ񣬹಻֪
΢΢𣬵ԸһˣӴطɽ
λӷ˼٣δʱԽ¡Ⱥش
üڵ
䣬ɽϿգҫĿչᣬת۷ڷǰ
𡣡
߹
ȺһͬɽΪħء
ǣ

ȺɫɫҲûپܾ
ϱߣɮѪȾɽӣ°׷Ӱɽ䣬񣬲ոһλλɮߵ
ǧټǵɮ䣬ԹԱסɽ˻ɢ³
ÿɱһλɮߣҵ𶼻֣ħ֮
ɱɮʱɽϣڶŸ뿪ɽŷϱ߸ȥ
Ⱥٳ󷽣һλλ޺棬ƣǿޱȡ
ϱߣܵԷɽӿж
ʮռ䣬ʮɽУ԰ټƵɮսһѪȾɽ
ھǧŰپʮߣھǧŰپʮˣھǧŰپʮţɳһ
ϣС«۵С֣ϸ̧ͷѵ
ô𣿡
ҵ𲻶ȼգѾ²Ϩ
ţ˺üˡ
С«ȷص˵ͷӦ
ףĿ⿴ԶѸٿķƣɫ΢
ƬѾ׷գºܿͻ׷ˡ
û뵽ɽҲٶ˾˵ĸ֡
һˣڼܹһ
ַת컯ƾԻȫѰɮߡ
ʮУ֮
ѰƬ̣飬Ӱжȥ
ԶϣչᣬٷС
ϣڶ޺׷ħߡ
պһ羰ɽϣһλλǿߴ֮ϡ
ɽۣ֮°׷ӰڷǰһλɮߵʺϣѺ۳֣Ѫӿ
һλ𷨴ɵɮߣڷڶ޺Ŀе£оǲʺͿ־塣
ɮս޾ҵӿưޱȣס
ҵɱɮħڣħӿҵĴ£ÿһС
һ̣ɽۣ֮ޱȵħڶֳأҹ٣⾡š
ħɣʱ޾£ħ䡣
λõˡ
񱩵ĺɫУתĿ⿴ǰˣƽ


1395 
ϱߣֳûɽУŸһλλ޺ħ񾡡
ɽۣ֮ҵƣħɡ
ڷ֮ףȺְֳƿ徧ӨϾ
벻ôּˡ
ǰȺƽ
سɷʩȻطɽȺڵ
ЩѾܶˣҪҸǻȥóǵʵɡɫĮ

Ⱥٶ˵Ŀ⿴ڶ޺ƽɱ
һ£һλλŸӰӳɱס
ʮλ޺λȫսƣɽ֮ۡ
УħԻ΢Ц˲ϡ
ħ֮ٶȿħɣٱãӭսڶ֡
ӿĻħգϳؼķ
ʮλ޺ǹˣħն֮ڶ
ɱʮλ޺󣬹棬಻
ֳħһڣټӰԿ塣
ϣλһۣ˫ͬʱϲʩչŴͨ
ɲǼ䣬֮ϣ޴ķӰԻ̧𣬴
׵ܣƣ£صѡ
սУ״ܣһӭϣӲơ
䣡
ħ棬ɽȻλ֣춯ء
ɾʯУ°׷ħӰԻѺ۳֣쳣
ȻƬ̺󣬾˵һĻѺѸ޸ת֮䣬ָ
ħ־ܣŵ޷޸ƣϢ֮ȫָ
ڷ𺳣δһ˲ϣӰһնλ
Σһ˲չӥצѿգ

תһץסӥצֱ˦ɳȥ
Ȼһײһɽ壬ɽʯ׹ꡣ
սλõӦĻᣬˡ
λˣʮ˽޺֮ϣƾǿĽΧ׷ħߡ
ʮλľ۷ķ޺ֲ󣬲϶ĹƵòȫӦԡ
ս⣬ȺǰҵĴսûż֡
Զɽ£ζ
ѵѪȾ߿ǰսеİ׷ħߣ¶ŭɫ
䣡
սУλ޺ħӭϣħײϢӿ˷
һƺ󣬵ڶͬλ޺졣
䣡
ַƣħգٵơ
¡ʮλ޺˳ȥͬʱ
ʮ޺鴫
Źλ޺ƽ˵һ䣬һ̤Ӱ˲ʧ
λ޺߳һնλ޺ʱȫɳȥ
ѪȾգ޳ɽλ޺Ⱦ졣
޺ܴ󷨶ʱƣλ״ٶȽӡʥǽħ֮
ţ
ʥǽм䣬üĿ⿴ʣ¶ɫ
ϣλӰָһɫУ׹
׹䣬ԴԴϣħ顣
ʥǽУӰӶխĿռڣܿһһ
Ū
һƺɫ£һ̤
ϣλ״ӡٶԽԽ죬߶콣꣬ħ
ֻǣ콣У°׷ӰǰУβκӰ졣
ǣ
УһħԪһɢ
ʱһĻУ콣ͻȻֹͣתۺȫ
λɫһֹͣӡȫˡ
˲ˡ
ϣӽ콣ӰΣλ
ʱս⣬Ⱥһ̾״ζˡ
ɢûս֣Ⱥǰɢȥ콣ꡣ
徳ĴȺ֣սֶʱ仯ףǰߣ΢΢
λǳˡ
Ⱥ֣Уʮ˽޺λͬʱٶǰ
ڣ
¶ЦӰӳս
ߡ
Ⱥڣѵ
Զչᣬҡ죬׷ȥ
ͬʱȺӣ޶ѹƷ˼١
ץˣ
֮ң⣬ֻӥצץħŭ
̧ͷľ޴¶֮ɫ
˭ץ˭һ
䣬Ӱӳӭȥ
ӥצ̧ץסӥצħնݺǧ
ৣ
ĵľУһֻצֱն£Ѫꡣ
ʹʹ˻ʧ⡣
Ӱϣһѿסٶһն¡
ɲǼ䣬ѪȾ졣


1396 Ⱦ
磬ڷħٽ棬ѹһһУ˺˽塣
ӿѪ꣬˫˺ѣ׹
ҵһĻ󷽸ʮ˽޺λ״ɫ
ӷ𣡡
УȺֻϢ֮䣬Զ
ףŸλ޺ɻץסҡ
񣡡
һλĽ޺¶ŭɫӰӳٿս֡
󷽣λ޺ϣ֣Ʊ
λ޺ܣԪħӿ˵ĸߣӲ˼С
ҵ𣬷磬ħ𵴣һλλ޺죬ܴ
ǿħս鶼֮ѡǿŽ޺޷ֵ
λ޺ǰħתƣһӹ졣
˿ƺߣɫʱƣѪ졣
󷽣ʮλ״ǰȥ
ֽӭϣսλǿߡ
ħǿޱȣһδνУϣƼ޸޵С
ۣʮλ޺̱ƣһ
ۼսֲλٶȳ֣Ϸ𹦣ƣַʽ
λ֣֮ϣգһ޴֣ѹ£ѹħߡ
̧ͷһȣڣռ䣬һɫС֣ҵ䡣
УȺǰ׷ǰɫСɫ΢䡣
ն
Ⱥ̧֣ƿУ֦ɳɨʵɫС
Ķҡ
սУӰӳӽӲ֦
ȻһħӲ֦壬ǣѪ
Ȼֻ˲Ϣ֮䣬ħƣٶ޸ħܣ֦
һ̣֮ϣҵƿնһüġ
նӦ飬սУλӺݺһ׹
ת֮䣬λǿߣ˲أƲ˵Ĳħ÷λǿӦԡ
شλӰһλλ޺ǰħն޺ȫȥ
սУȺһĻ̧֦ɻذƿڡ
ֵˡ
ĿƹǰȺƽ
Ⱥһ̾û˵ָʢ
Ե徳ķǿߣҰִ⣬һ̤ȷˡ
Ȼһָħ֮䣬ħöһһ
УȺɽһһεħǿޱȵķΪħˡ
ħɵɫûκμɫƾٶȵƣѰҴȺ
תۣн棬Ⱥǰһ֣Уħ˲ն
Ⱥֱ̧֣ץסħƣǿƷˡ
ɽ֣
ħƣһתս֮֡
Ⱥüɿħ
˲Ϣ䣬ǰӰ˳ܿƾ
ؾʽֻؽޣ
н棬̧֣ʱؼ䣬һг֣ʮ޺λС
λֱɣԴԴϵѪ˷ۣ
ţ
Ⱥ״ɫһ˫ֽӡ䡣
ħϢײУһλλ޺ըѪɢֻǣǰ
ѪӰٶӳħնб
ս뽩֣ȺȻΪռţǣٶȣͬ޷ƿħĽޡ
ħ壬֮˶Ѹ޸
ʱԶϣλɮ֣Ŀ⿴ǰս֣¶ɫ
ȺʵӦֹ˲Ŷԡһλɮڣ
ѡ
һλɮɫĮȨ֮ʱֹͣ
ô죬𣿡ǰڵɮʵ
ء
һλӦûпڣֻսɡ
ַɽʢڽϣĿԡ
ԶɽͷһλźȹŮĵգߵ
Ⱦ˼֮ɽ
ɽϣһλλŷǰŮӣɫ΢
Ⱦڻǻˡ
μ𡣡
ɽϣȾ̬
ض񡣡
ϣ˫ۣڵȾӭ
ȾĿ⿴Χڷ΢䣬λϣȾ
ߣڷԣɫһȴǰڳûзѡ
ȾһʶˣҪһˣطɽ
ǰŮӣƽ
֪𣿡
Ⱦ΢Ц֪ˡ
˵꣬Ⱦûٶԣתŷɽȥ
𡣡
Ⱦ뿪һλŷ𿪿ڣȾʶǰȥͲ˽𣿡
صġ
ƽȼɡ
ϱߣħ֮սԽȣλǿߣ˴ȺȫսѪͱԴɣ
һһҹĴս˭޷κε˭ΧХһѪɫ֣ӳħ֮
ս·һɽΪƽأش꣬ġ
սԽãǰȺļɵԽһ֣λ徳ûоȫ
ôȥҲֲʤʹ˰Σ
ǧнӰӳս֣
Ⱥҡͷαȥ
𣬲ȫϰ֣λȺʲô
ھ뽩ʱ֮䣬վһĨϤӰ߳ڵλְͣɡ
ˣȺɫû̫ྪȣƽȾʱģ
ջáȾ΢ЦӦ
ȺͷȻѻ㽻ˡ
˵꣬Ⱥ£Ӱʧ
Ⱦ
ϣǰŮӣڵ˫ɫ
֪ò
ȾףȻЦ
ħɢȥüͷħʧָࡣ
һΪħˡ
ǰ߻ָ࣬Ⱦ΢Цôˣ磬ħ¸Ϊ𣿡
š
ͷһ翴ˣôҲ磿
˵
ȾЦ·˵٣֪ȸһطɽɡ
룬ԡ
ǰ˸ɴĴӦȾз¶ɫ·ɽ֮˶㲻𣿡
ЦЦ㡣
ǰߵĻش𣬰ȾɫģҲ¡
ͷǰһͬԡѪսͬ飬Ρ
˶ٳɽȥ
·ϣȾĽͺͶⲻ
ԭҲǷɽ
ɫأȾתĴ𣿡
Ҳ֪
Ⱦ̾ҡҡͷ㣬ҲȻڷԲȫȷת֮˵ǷΪ档
㣿ü
뿪˼ʱԻ½磬˵Ǹ壬תȾɫ
ԣɫ΢ܰתҪνͣ


1397 
ɽʮУգǿ쳣
ʮ棬ǷλʮҪ˲١
λ󷽣λ޺ҫ˲Ŀ
ַɽĻߣϹʱϣʮزࡣ
ɽĴڣȻ磬ָȻ
У𡢴ȺȻǴ˵ǿߣ徳¡
һգɽ֮ϣǰһ̨ϿգȺ߳ħ
̨ϣȺһ
ǰ¶΢Цʾ⡣
ɽͷ໥֮䣬̬Ⱥƣûκβʧ֮
Ⱥع鲻ãɽͷӰһһŮ°׷Ůһۡ
֪Ⱦһͬǰλǿ߲Ŀ¶ɫ
ȾȻĽħ˻
ɽϣͣȾʼմ΢Ц
һԣǰҲһ
ˣּˡ
ϣǰ׷ˣڵ
Ҳû뵽ôټ𡣡
ɫƽ
𣬴ħΪ䣬ﲻˡּħĵ֮ܵ
ʮУһλüŷ𿪿ڣ
üŷ̬ĹŷԮͽΪµħߡ
Уɫ̨ϣǰȺƽȺк
ȺԣȺ治ƶΨнּ
ͷĿ⿴ȾڵȾأأ

Ⱦش
䣬λŷ¶ŭɫ֮ףüŷɫ£ȾҪӴħ𣿡
ӣ
Ⱦ򿪿ڵüŷ𣬵ȾУ֮½޹֮˵

üŷɫ쳣Ⱦһ˼䣬ǷǶֲ𣿡
ں˭˵
Ⱦԣɫһ䣬ɱ¶Ŀ⿴ǰߣüëüëֳˣҪҪٸε
üŷһŭȾ̫
㣬ΣȾЦ
Ⱦ÷
ϣ𿪿ڣǳ
ǰȾϢ񣬵Ⱦʧˡ
ˣɽ޳ԹΪҪɱɽɮߣ𿪿ʵ
ûشĿ⿴ǰƽɽΪҪɱЩ֣
ΨжȻܱƽش
ȨΪιûУοôĹִӺζκ˶
ӷ𡣡
һţˣ㵱ݣֻǣɱɽɮǲʵΪɽ֮Ӳ
ҪγͷأЦ
ȺɱŵӣӦδã𿪿ʵ
Ⱥ񣬵ӦȥΪѹɽ֮ꡣ
ͷĿ⿴ǰ׷ˣͷ飿
һЦɽоȨʣǷܣҲɲ÷ɽ
ϣǰ֮ԣ£ˣأϴɽǴᷢ䡣
ͬأ
ֻܵˡ
䣬ʢƷתɲǣɽɫϷء
Ϣŭ
·Ⱦһǰ֪ǰ𣬷ȻϣҪ˶ķǳɽ֮ʵΥ죡
ɽϣ徳ǿߣֻλԪȷƾãǣķδͻƵ徳Ԫ಻أҪ볤
ɽĳ֮ƽʵȴǷǳѪȡ
ˣ
ǳĳˣΪý飬ʳߵԪԴ˴ﵽĿġ
ǷɽʢĸȴҲǷɽĽɡ
֮˶Թ꣬ΪǧǧͽԪɴڷ
ЩУŮΪһҪͽ࣬ԣȥŮҲռݴ
ЩͽȥΪຬԹϴȥ
˷ԶԶĹ״
ɽɮߣǸЩ֣ʧ⡣
ǷɽĬĽɣΪ֮ȴû˸ȥ
ʮǰΪͬ˷Ԫľѡǰȥ˼ֻء
Ⱦú
ϣɫ£ȵ
ߣڷɫҲ仯˭û뵽Ⱦ¡
ڷǰȺһ̾һ񣬵𣬴°ȾȻϣؿǣϾ¹ϵɽҵõĽ취ڷɽǶԷһ
Ⱥ֪Լ˵ʲô𣿡
üŷڵ޾£е鶼ԼĹأ˵ͱ䡣
Ⱥ΢΢һȱʾ˵Ŀ״¶⣬Լ˵ʲô
ǰӵ⣬üŷһ𣬲ԾرܿĿ⡣
ˣλƴȱĴȺʵɱ¾֤Ĺֻ֣ǳɵ֮󣬱úˡ
ڷ֮䣬ؿڷ֮ԽԽʢ
ԭķ
ǰͬ˵ĳª
ȾǸ
һǸħӿüĴħɺѪĿ쳣


1398 ѹ
ɽϣйδ֪һ£ɽλȨַ֮硣
Ⱦ֪ϧɽĽɡ
ڷŭ֮ʣȺڣԼ̬ȡ
ʴȣͬɽ˵óİ취ֻǰڷɽɵһֱûлᷴԡ
񣬰Ⱦͱ㴰ֽȺҲٱ̬ȣֱվڰȾһ
ɽڷŭһʱý쳣
˵ķħ죿
ڷ֮䣬ħӿħ֡
ɽҲ˷
üŷ״¶ŭɫʢԻ
ķĵüëĿüŷֱ̧֣ӳ֪ȥ
ЦӿħУסħһӭȥ
ħնƣҵĳħδֹǰüŷնȥ
üŷɫһнħƳ֣Ӳħ
¡һħƵħâ֮䣬°׷Ӱ֣ǿޱȵһֱǰš
Ȼüŷ飬һѪɽȾ졣
˵һĻڴڷδüӦüŷӷɳ̨֮ϡ

ϣӦɫŭһ£·ħߡ
ǰȾ״һǰϢӲ
䣡
ҵ𣬰Ⱦ졣
Ȼػ磬ȾΪȴûȫָǿƾ㡣
Զ״ɱʢħתƣһ´ز¡
ؾֻؽޣ
Ⱦܴħŭ𣬼֣ħɽ
֪û¡
Ⱦǰֹǰ߼֡
𡣡
Ⱦ񣬵Ϣ֮ŭ
Ⱦ÷ԽԽ֪ˣ
ʮУһλֳĹŷ𿪿ڣ
ȾĿƹƽʦһֱˣʦĪ֡
£ŷȵ
ȾҡͷǸӲ
ϣǰֵľ棬üͷ塣
£
𿪿ڣ
һ£ɽϣ޺붯̨𣬽·Χ
һ̨ϣ޺չͨ⽻ҫ۶Ŀ
ħơʽķ֣ϼڣɽ
·Ⱦֽ߬ŭڡ
Ⱦⲻķɽ
ǰĿ⿴ڷ𣬿ڵǳߵķɽ
ȾɫȻԷɽ̫
Ӧ֪ģɽܸıʮصĶϰ
ǰȺһĻüͷ塣
޺֣ҫĿַɳѹսеˡ
ڣ⻯Ϊϣǰ
¡¡쳹ɽһ޺ݺᣬڶ෨
޺ֺʮλҲ֣֮һ̨սϿա
·Ⱦ״ԥַת졣
ԡѪսͬٶ֣˱ȫӭսڶǿߡ
Ⱦҵļ磬һ񻰡
ڣƽһӣͥͳΣ칬սʮ죬ҲҪѧǸˡ
Ⱦԣ˵ͷȾ㡣
ǣĻȣͬĸоá
䣬ٶԣħӹֲĽֱӻգն޺
ҵĽ棬һ٣ӰӳӰ׷ɡ
Ȼ֮ڶ޺ҪٳУǰ°׷Ӱ֣ԽƷ赲޺С
ʣʮλӡӣһ޴ķӰ֣
Ⱦ̤գԪ޷
ײȾϢӲɾ޷
ҵĴսʧɫ֪Ⱦִսɽ޺ʮսְȣѷʤ
ɽϣʮ⼤ҵһսɫ쳣
Ⱦʵǲ֣۷ʱڵİȾڴȺ
ǣλ׷ħ߾ȻҲ˵ʵʵš
˲Ǹմ˼粻Ϊλ˿µʵ
ڷսֳĹŷһ̨̾
ڷ״ɫһ
ŷҪˣ
ϣŷׯϵķͬɫ
ս⣬ŷǰɳʡ
֮ϣȾ״ɫ΢䣬Ӱ׹÷
ϣ⻪£Ⱦס
Զ΢ӰӳĹ⻪С
֣黯Ⱦӳ⡣
лȾ
֮͡
Ŀ⿴սŷ𣬿ڵʦ
š
Ⱦͷҵʦ
ȷ
΢΢𣬵Ǹ̡
䣬Ӱ˲ŷǰħն£顣
ŷ̧֣ɿݵֽħɳƵˣسɷɱҵ̫ˡ
ҷɷ𲻳ɷҲ֪ǣ϶ɹ
˵䣬ħڴȻһ˰벽
󷽣ȾԵڶ޺Ϣƣһ˵սɡ
ս⣬ʮŷٹսüŷΪף׼ս
ǰȺüͷԽԽĿ⿴ϵķ𣬿ڵ𡣡
ȻȺδ˵꣬㱻ϡ
ض˵ɽزơ
ǰսɫ
֮ǷʢĸԲб䡣
Ⱥʧ֮ɫ
֮λȺҪˡ
Ⱥһƽ˵һ䣬Ԫ飬˿衣
ȺʰѹɱѸûɽ


1399 
ɽϣʰɱա
ڷ𾪣Ŀ⿴ǰĴȺɫһ䡣
ǰ̨֮ϣȺԪ˿衣
ڷĿȺɫ⼱ɢ룬ȡ֮ޱ޼ʵɱ
ڷ𺳣һ˭֪ٵĴ˵Ⱥɵ֮ǰһɱ˲գ۵ħͷɵ֮󣬷Ϊȱ
Ⱥ£̨٣ȺӰһɱӿħ
Ⱥѱ䣬ɽڷɫѿ쳣˭û뵽λɽѡ뿪ɽ
Ⱥ
ϣһĻɫ£ڵף𣿡
ķɽǴȺеķɽ
Ⱥףƽ˵һ䣬ǰսȥ
ǰһλλŷǰԪӿǿ
ÿ
Ⱥڣһɱӿƽ
ԷɽڶˣһλλŷѹòϺˣǼɵ֮ɫ
Ⱥ̧֣񱩵ɱӿȻһڷ
޿赲ǿ󣬴ȺѪɫһϢǿ˿־塣
𺳵ĿУȺս֣֮䣬޺
Ⱥ
ϣ·ٸһλᣬعɽԵʲôҲûз´
ˣҪķɽǳ˵ķɽ
ȺΧڷƽЩʳͽķ𣬺͹кᣬˡ
˵꣬ȺĿ⿴ǰİȾ֪ڵҪ뿪ͬ𣿡

Ⱦ΢ЦӦ
Ⱦ
ŷɫ£㻹ȥɽĹ鴦
Ⱦһ񣬹ʦء
ȾֱתҪ뿪
ŷɫֱ䣬Ҫһ°׷Ӱ֣ħɱ¶
ŷһͣоǰϵɱ
֣ηɽͽ
ۼ˽Ҫ뿪üŷϵ𣬳
֣ηɽͽ
üŷһλλɽŷ
ϣĿ⿴·ã̧ǿޱȵķɢɽϿɱ
ǰȺȾ֪˻ףϵɫ¡
֮ϣƴݺɣѹǰˡ
Ⱥ̧֣һɱӿֱӭȥ
ɽǿλͷֻ֣ź¡һ죬ŭХƬط·Ҫѿ
һƽ棬ڳˣȺ֮С
ϣüн𲧷ɳɽɽٶѹˡ
ǰȺ˿ʾоƿڣ֦ɳѸϳ˷ӡ
գħȴܵ赲⻪¡
֦£ȺֽӡԪ֦赲֮ܡ
´Ⱥ
Ⱥϵķƽ
ɽϣλ徳Ĵ߽ͨ棬Ϊѷ£˵Ԥϡ
ȺΪ
һλλŷΣɫ𾪵
Ⱥʵڷ֪飬ǣ˭û뵽Ⱥƽƽ
ˣ
Ⱥ˵һ䣬תȥ
ɽ֦֮ʧ
ȥӰй⻪ȴûٳ
Ⱥ㵱Ŀ࿴ˡ
ɽ£ɽһ˪ϸƣ֮ɫ
ɽһУоգʵΣأÿһ̣ɥΣա
Ⱥл
ɽ£Ⱦǰˣڵ
Ⱥͷ֮ͣҲл¶ģ뿪˵ķɽ
Ⱦһ̫̾ˣһֱΪɽгһջԼĴֻǣЩ̰ôԼİ취
ˡȺ
Ⱥʲô㣿Ⱦʵ
ȺĿ⿴ǰأˡɣɽЩ그̫ʱȥֲˡ
Ⱦԣɫ£һޱȼѵ·Ⱥ𣿡
šȺͷ
Ⱦٴһ̾ûжȰĿ⿴ӣ֪أ
ʵ徳ԥ
ȾɫδеʵǷ˺𣿡
ͷܰĻǣߣұ뾡ʵܰĻǶء
죡
Ⱦԣ΢䣬ɫص֪ȷ𣿡
ȷӦ
ʵ֮ϡ
һԣȺڣƽ
Ŀƹߵħָࡣ
л
񣬵֣밮Ⱦûô
ȺǰˣȾȥ˼䣬ı˲٣ˣ밮Ⱦʲôϵ
ѡ
ƽѡ
עãȺͷǷħħˣȾͽˣջص磬ʵδȫָҪúñ
ţһû¡ŵ
Ⱥףûٶԣȥ
Ⱥ뿪ŮӣҲ߰ɡ
Ⱦͷһͬȥ
ȥȾʵ
ȥ쾳ȷһ¡˵
£Ⱦٴʵ
ǰȸõһϢأ׼񹬳֣ұȷϴǼ١
񹬡
ȾôܣՕDպսȻҪԴ˳֡
ȸ׿˵ƽ
˶Уͬʱϣƽռ䣬ơˡ
һλλͯ棬ĵسŸҥ
;вм߹֣ȻҪ
ְ̧߶ϵϡ
һ̣˵һĻ߶ѸΧˡ


1400 
أɽҺɮԼ١
׽ɮʧֺУ
άƽⱻƣΪ˳ɻڲʳߵԹ࣬ȴû㹻ɮȥȻЩԹꡣ
ǧǧԹɽ볾ʼҷ
һʱ䣬Թеİͽɽڷ飬Ϊȥ֡
Ȼɽȴѡ˳Ĭɽ֮ңȺ֣޺٣ɽԪˣòʱ
һ죬ջܣֻǣʱһȥԽԽأԾͿʼ
˳ǣ˳ɻԽԽ࣬ԽԽңͽʼɷĴڣɽʧء
ѣɽϣһλλ޺ɽΪ֡
ֻǣ̫࣬Ȼɽ޺룬һʱԽ־
ɽ飬ԵһЩȻ˭ûϵֻǱ굽ǰĻعⷵա
һ꽻ӵҹɽ޺һҹ룬ѪȾƬأġ
ɽڷصϢȻš
ǺΪ
ڷ־壬һҹɱ˶޺һܹ
ڷǰЩӷɽ֮ҵĸԴȴܿзˡ
ħǿҲֻһˣһҹɱ˶޺
𡣡
ڷ䣬ŷϵ𣬹Դͨ鿴ǺΪ
գ֮ϣͷ˫պϣüĴʢۿ
صķۣɹɲ׼ɽĴ֮ͨһ
鿴ãüģʧ˫ɫصħ硣
䣬ڷ𾪣ħ磬Щ˲Ѿʧ
𡣡
üŷ𿪿ڣѵħħѾ𣿡
Ҳ
شħ̫Զ޷ħɽֵЩ˵ȷħ֮ɡ
ڷԣɫʮѿ鷳ˡ
һħ縶˲صĴۣŽħشħ˻ħ磬ȴԪˣϢ귽ŻָԪ
ħ֣֮һϢ
ѵǰЩӱȾطɽǸħʹ𣿡üŷ𿪿ڣɫصȻΪħ֮˻ʱٳ
Ӧòǡ
ҡͷ񶨵Ǹ˼䣬ħ粢޹ϵħ֮Ϊʱ֣Ҫ顣
ڷɽڷʼֻϣϣһλµӳ֣źڲȥݡ
Ӻ󷽣һλλħָ棬ÿһλſϹħʵΪǿ
ͳ죬ɱˡ
Ӻ󷽣һλŮǰ
ܺá
ӵͷĿ⿴ǰأ⣬һսħܣò˻ħƶĴϣʱǷ˵ʱˡ
ɽЩ˵ķҲΪǵ̰ˡ
ͳ죬Ҫǵ˼ɢҥ𣿡Ůӿڣʵ
ء
ӿǰ΢΢𣬵ǵ˲Ҫٳ֣ѾʼɷɽĴڣЩһֱɢҥԣɽĸʼҡˡ
ŮЦ˵ǻҪлǸˣɱôɮߣ÷άʮʧⱻƣǻ޷ô췴˷硣
Ů̸֮ˣɫ£鵽𣿡
鵽ˡ
ŮҪħˣֻǣΪ˱֮˵С
˫ȭգֱ졣
£ôɵ
ͳ죬òǵ˳֣Ǹ˴ءŮѯʵ
ʱá
ѹеĲΪأǵĿǷɽ֮⣬£Ȳᡣ
ǣ
Ů
һ¡
ӿŷأȺ뿪ɽǵĪҪǴˡ
ס
ŮӵͷӦȺȻħ磬Ҳ˲֪λĵԸɱʵȷǼΪ£˿ѷɫڷɽ֮
ɽ֮ǿ󣬴ȺĴڣԲɺӡ
λ뿪ɽɽʵǵĻҲӲ١
ڷ⻼ʼִ֮ʱϱߣµ䣬ƻ¡
ͽԽԽ࣬Ը׷棬κλر
ȺȰ˼Σڶͽɲȥֻ֮֮
֮䣬Ⱥ̤ɽǧأֻΪնΪΪŰΪˡ
ˡУȺֹһΪĹ֣գȺѡ飬ɢϵԹǻعɽ֡
ڷµƽճܣЩԹܡ
ɽϣֹһʹǰȰ˵ȺعɽȻÿһζʧܸա
뿪ɽȺûٻȥĴ㣬δҪɽͬɽϵķҲδǷ
Щӵڴ˵ɽķ˷ܹ𣿡
ȺλͽУһ˿ڣѯʵ
ȺԣĬƬ̺󣬵ͷġ
䣬˻ȻЩԽܡ
ҲԹ𣿡ͽڣ㷲
ȺҡͷûУ᲻Ҫˣɳ
λͽԣȫһ
Ƕλȴ󱯴ҲԹˡ
ѵЩǷɽڷԵɵ𣿡ǰڵͽʵ
ǡ
ˣȺҲûӦ
ڶͽĬãһλͽѹƲסеŭ𣬵ôķ𣬶ֻһЩ˵Ķħ𣿡
Ⱥ̾ͷǣ
ͽʣȺֻһһϣɽô그µѾڸǲסˡ
ˣôŵ飬ֻǣʵˣ˭޷ϡ
ͬʱϣȾ˶УڷЩӷ£ۼ֤
ңѲ赲ҥ£ͽӿʼĲŵɣٵŭأԽԽͽҥԣ˷裬һ
Ⱦ֤˷ı仯гʹ
Ʋ
ֻȰһ䣬ûж˵˵ķ𣬱Ͳ䣬Ƿ˴ܵԴϴڷ˵һ¡
ʱĴңõĺƽֵá
֪뾡ָΪȾ
ͣһȫ㡣
л
Ⱦ¶Цݣ֪׻һʺǽ
ʲô
Դ
Ⱦ˵ԴһǧԴǰ׻֮϶вٸء
׻
ԣǲڷķֵ
ȻǳңҲҪʲôˡ
ãˡ
ֱӦ


1401 
綫׻ΡΰϣȻԷΪ磬ռŲɺӵĵλ
쳹ĹͱΪ巽ؽķֵÿһķֵħǿ
̣ͬĴڸˣĸΪ˲ͬĿĻһѰ£ҪΪ£һش֣ЩǿҲ
ɣκ޷ģҲӴԶ
бףʵĴڣע̣ǷɽΪܹȡ
ȻķɽѾ᧿Σ
ɽ֮󣬷ңħƲĴֱңõİ׻Ҳ˶ʼչԼ
Ρΰİ׻Уħǿ뿪Ϊ׻
ǧѵһĻᣬԲݴ
ǰɽڷͳγѹ׻һ
еʱʵһµĶʧȥǣ
ҲǷɽʮ곤ʢ˥ԭ򣬷ǵͽŷɽӴĻ÷ɽڷ𼸽ࡣ
ԣ֮ǰ֪ɱɮߣҡɽŻǵ÷ɽŭ
ɽʼ˥֮ףѾǲʵѹ֮õİ׻û׳Լ
ڶħǿ뿪ֿ飬׻뿪ǰ쾳δķǰδе
ͰȾ׼ʱԶǧﱼ
Ҳ
ϣǰ¶΢Ц
׻ڣȷǺûᡣ
Ⱦſʶ̽ãڵ
Դľλã֪ʵ
֪
ȾһĨΣյĻȣȥ˼֮ǰұѾԴλãֻǿûлᣬһֱδ֡
ԭ㶢ⶫôˡ
΢ЦȻˣԥˣɡ
á
ȾӦһ䣬һ̤ǰȥ
󷽣ħӿħԻӰ׷ȥ
׻ڣصʮλħָеǰѸٿǿϢɫһ䡣
˲Ϣ򣬰׻⣬Ӱֱ֣ӳ
е֣
һλħּ״ȵ
䣬׻ڣʮλħ֣御ߡ
һһ룡
ڣ˵һ䣬ħ֣ɱ˹ȥ
ȾӦ£Ϣһ御޽ӽ徳Ϊ֣Ͷ㣬ɱ
˸Զλ֣սȫ
¡¡У׻ڣƸգ֣ɽֱ֣ӲС
ɽܣ׻ڵѸٱ٣ɽӿȥ
ʮλħָܵɽĿֲϢɫһ䡣
ɽ
ôܣĽϹʱʧ
ֶԾƬ̷ʮλħҡһ˲ȾħϣԪħϡ
ħλħӦɳѪȾ
شˣȾӰƬ̲ͣɱλħ֡
ڣŴȻƱٴ׻ҡ˱ٵļ
ʱһ޺ء
޴޺Уǰһ޴İ׻֣Сɽѹˡ
ǰͻȻֵİ׻ޣϲû̫⣬һĻѲİ
ȾЩ˶ˡ
˵һ䣬Ӱӳֽǰ׻ޡ
Χλħּ״ɫ£׷ȥ
ǵĶҡ
һ̣ԶսУȾӰǰĳˡ
֪սȾһ˶ϰλħ֣Ҳ¶ɫ
֪޻ǰ뵲ˡ

λħɱһͬϡ
ޱߡ
ȾָһŹ屬ǿޱȵķѹ£Ӳˡ
УȾһаˣֻΪʯͶ㣬޼᲻ݡ
ҵս֣¡¡ڶλħִսȾһʱѷָ¡
˴սʱԶ׻ǰħ棬ն¡
Ȼһ׻צӲ
ɱ¾İ׻չ־˹צѿգɽʯ
Уơ
ħ˱䣬Ǭ
ϣɫһȣְ˱ħࡣ
䣬ħХαǣ˲ɡ
ʱǰСɽһİ׻С
һŲ£Ȼһ׻ڽŵס
ħ׻ȥ׻˻ɳ
񱻻٣еһư׻ɳǿѹɾˡ
ħɢȥࡣ
ϣ׻ŭӰӳ׵硣
צգӦ˺ѣ׻糱
ӰӶܿһһعƣʮ֮󣬺ὣǰħϯʮء
ӿȵħûս֣׻ǡ
ħ꣬׻ʹ˻ԼԽ񱩡
վֻ
ߣץס׻һֻצħն¡
䣡
׻צն£׻Ҳܵش
һռţӰٶӳٶȣ˫
׻¶־壬תӣȻٶȾ棬˭Ƿ˶֡
ħ׻һ𣬻Ѹɢ
ħӿ׻лɴ
׻ս쾳У׻иУɫһ䡣
ã
׻Ŀƹ磬׻ˡ
λм䣬۾ڵȸǰ׻˶
ȥһˡ׻
š
ͷ
λ׻Ӱȥתʧ
׻֮ʣ綫ͰȾɱ׻λħǿߣյĴսʮλħǿȫս
׻٣Ŀ꣬Ⱦűٵһȣһ𿪴ء
¡¡У׻ַ֮£һӨ͸ʹ⻪תҫ۶Ŀ
ˡ
Ⱦڵ
Ȼһı
ܵԴɢǿѹɫ΢
֪֪ͨ󣬽߰ɡ
Ⱦӣ΢Ц
ͷӰӳԴϿգںϢתӣû
ȣ
Уһֻںľ޴Ӱ֣ǿѹħѼ
һ̣˿ڣֱӽûԴ˽ȥ
ߣ
ЩϢڵ
Ⱦͷȥ
䣬Ϧ£׻ַϿգоһǿ߳Ŀ⿴·¶ɫ
׻ͿʶƬ̺Ŀ⿴Զɱԡ
ħͷħ𣬾Ȼˡ


1402 Եİ׻
綫޾Ͽգ֪ȾӰӹٶС
ȥ׻Դٶ뿪ʱܸ׷
ƣ˻ûпΪеĵز
һһҹӰٶУۼ쾳಻Զ
쵽ˡ
ȾԶڵ
ץʱ·
Ӱδͣǰȥ
Ⱦͷһͬǰȥ
罻ǰȻʱʣӿǿٸٶԽԽ졣
á
иУ׿ź󷽣ɫ΢䡣
ѹѲİ
徳
ϣѹߣһ֮˵ϢİΣɼˡ
׻
Ⱦߣҵס
ͣ²ӣ
Ҫһߡ
Ⱦͣ£¶ɫ
һ˭߲ˣ죡
ȵ޷רӦսз˼ٺͲħɱң
СģһҪŻһǰ㡣
ȾһƬ̺¶ģתǰȥ
ŰȾ뿪ջĿ⣬Ŀ⿴ʣɫ쳣
ϢڴȺǰȺ˼֣λ׻ѹͬڵܹ⡣
ԭ㣡
ʣӿƲУһӰǿޱȵϢѹض
׻ĵ徳׷ɱԴˡ
֣ħӿħԻС
һӰӳȷˡ
ħַ棬âˣ׻ֵ̧ħ棬Ŀ⿴ǰ׷ˣȻȸֶ׻ԴˣĿ࿴ˡ

Ӧһ䣬תնǰʺ
ﬣ
ٴһ𣬰׻ħѪ֮ʤκ
н棬ɫ£ǰ׻²öԸ
˼ˣֿٽӡʱؼ䣬ӿ۳Ρ
֣᪻Хգӳħ
̤Ӱӳһն
η
׻ֱ̧֣ץһӲ顣
¡¡𶯣쳹أǿޱȵǿ᪻Ѻ׻ֺ
󷽣ǰ̺ǰߣͬһڰ׻ɢع֮䡣
Ƥһɫ쳣һô
ôֻΪ𣿡
ϣ׻ǰһ֮䣬Ӧ󾡻١
״̺ˣȻǱ
˵ǿߣԶʵǿߣȻɾǿߣҲв硣
ʱǧ꣬׻־Ϊƾ޵е֪ƵǱ쳣

ѹӿħתӡ
߲ˣ
׻˫̧ҫ۵İ׹ҫ˼䣬׹֮Уط򶼿ʼ١
׹䣬ʼ⣬ѪĽ쳣
Ȼһ˲䣬ħԻܣ޸˿ڡ
ֻأҧӲţٳǰȥ
Ͳţô̬ʽλ׻ά̫á
Ȼ׹ʮϢ󣬰׻УĿ⿴ǰܵˣüͷ塣
һ̤׻Ӱӳسɴ磬׷ȥ
Ϊ˲Ⱦı䷽űܣٶԽԽ죬ȴʼհѲ˰׻
徳ǿߣٶ˿ռ䷨һ󾳽磬˼ռݾơ
׷ã¶ͣϣ׻һȭգȭٳǰȥ
Խʱռ䵽ĹƣܵǿҵΣʶ塣
¡һȭһٴĿѪ
磬׹ǳ֣׹֮ϣѺ۱鲼
׻˵ȭֱ˰֪֮
ʹħӿ޸ơ
׹ϣѪָܿɴѪһƶ
ɮҵĲħһһξȵ֪ڰ׻ǿĹ£á
ܳŶã
󷽣׻ٶֱ̧֣һ£ǰǧ𶯣Ȼݡ
Ӱ۳ǧܿ׻ƾĿ⿴ǰɫ¡
ôȥᱻλ׻
Ҫ취
ű˼ãһᣬǰжȥ
羡ͷӰһǰһӹٶȿԿ塣
Ϲ͸
Ͽգͷһ䣬ֱӳ·
ϣ׻״ɱ
û̫ԥ׻ͬ뺣Ѹ׷ȥ
·ܵ˿ֲѹŵɪɪ
ԽɼԽԽͣȻ˽ԷǷˣʶͿǰС
ϣһĨɫϢ˿ΣһȫͿ
С㱨ʱˣ
󷽣׻治ᣬ벻
𣡡
ڣһŭ漴򶼷ӿ
УӰܵӰ죬ζĺվվȡ
¶ϲɫˡ
𣡡
ŭٴʱ£һ޴ĺӰ֣β
ſڣֱӽԲǧȫɣˡ

ռ䣬ǰ׻ŵشЦ
޷븹У׻ɫ£Ӱӳ̧ǰˡ
ϹϰɣӲˡ
һ䣬ڣ˲Ϣʧ
УӰƾճ֣Ŀ⿴ǰδоС
Слˣ
޴ԴЦ
ء
ڣСĻӦ
ǸϹҶԸˣζˡ
Ц˵һ䣬Ŀ⿴źϿգڵˣȾڵңұȥˡ
ء
Ӧһǰ˲ǰߡ
ˣʱ㣬ˣôܻ𣿡ʵ
ء
˻ԴӦ
㵹⡣
Ƶ
޵ߵľܻΣǰ൱ڵ徳ĴڣȻ޷
룬ôõĴ֣ܴϣǶõ¡
²ܶռϡ
ˣˣԵټ
˻֣źϿȥ
ϣӰŶϷȥ
硢쾳磬Ⱦصȴһգ֪
ڰȾȺ򲻼׼ȥѰʱԶһĨذ⼲۶˲Ϣ󣬳ְȾǰ
õˡ
ͣ²ӣ¶Ǹ
Ⱦǰû°ɡ
û¡
΢Цˡ
Ⱦǰõ·һЦǺ˰
εЦЦ׼·ˣֲƾձһ
׻أȾɻ
һѾ
Ц򵥵˵Ǳһˡ
Ⱦԣ¶֮ɫ㣿ʲôĴܽ徳ǿ߳ˡ
ȶ·ϸϸ˵
Ц˵һ䣬ǰȥ
ԴͰȾܸĳ徳ʱ԰׻ĸ֣ǾͲǱ


1403 Դ
쾳ΰ׳ģΪ类ǿĵؽ硣
֪Ⱦֱ
쾳ĴӪ򣬵ǵ徳ľǿߣľλǿǿ쳣
ȻԴ֮ǰչأ͵ţˮϡͬȼԽ
أߵǰ쾳Ʋϱá
̶ʱ䣬Уĸۣǰݡ
徳ۺʱǿߣκδ̶ӵžԵĻȨ
жٵ徳ǿߣûܹ˵壬Բ̫ࡣ
мλ棬Ȼˣɵĵ徳ǿмޡ
һգһ߷ϣ֪ȾԶǣ㲻ǰ
ǰˣҪҪȥȾߵӣʵ

ҡͷʵδȫָûбҪһʱ
˵䣬УһӨСɳƬ̺СѸٱ󣬴
ԴʱΧؼ䣬ϻۣԴӿȥ
˫ֽӡԴΧ½ƣתŮӣƽ߰ɡ
ȾͷԴС
磬Ŀϼ⣬ԴԴϵӿŨ쳣
ǰߣڵָ徳ΪҪã
ȾΧŨɫٰ꣬á
ԣ΢΢𣬰Ⱦֻת˵ָΪ£û뵽Ҫôá
徳ȷһҪΪ̵ľ硣
½˵˵
Ⱥ˵Ϊ֮ϣܰĻǣҪ̤徳пܡ
Ȼżǣʧȥǡ
š
ǰȾͷӦ£ڣһ֣
Զħӿͬʼ
Դ磬̶أѾսǿʤ
ʼѪӿɵǧֵԴ̱
ħ𲻶϶ЩԴܵػΪԼ
˿ʼԴ⣬нĴڣȥĲ
ʱţתʱȥĴ£ٶߵǰ
»ָǧǰͶʵҲѸ׳
ڣλȴõĸ֮ȴʼյȲ׻Ļع顣
Ծ
ڣ׻Ѿ뿪£˵ûŶԡ
ѵǳʲô𣿡Ϸλȸü
Ӧòᡣ
λҡͷ׻ʵףǼλӦû˵
м䷽λãڵ׻ȷˡ
ţ
λ֮ԣüͷ¶ʡ

׻عʱһ춯ʼỹû⣬׻Ӧʱ¡

ȸüԶڱ֮ף׻Ϊȥ
಻֪
ҡͷҲֻһͣȻ׻Ӧѹ
һ˱򣬴׻
ûô򵥡
ں֮ף˵ΪҪܵѹƣҪ֣
Ҳ𣿡ȸü
⣬Ը׾٣ں֮ףҲҪ֡ʵ
ĻɫԳ£˾˵Ϊ鷳
Ҳ׻ʵԱʵİ취Իǰȥȡ˵
˵ͷ˫պϣٶ˵
䣬ʱ䲻ţתѹǱĸ߷ϣԴأʼû˷֡
ԴΧ⻪֣ȥϢ
ԴڣѹԽԽǿԴһΪֱƵľ۷塣
ȻҪ徳ıʱٶȴѸ£һ£ͣͲǰ
º˫ۣϢ
ǰ֪ʱȾҲѾǰӣ¶΢Цƿˣ
š
ͷҽ徳̫ˣֻƾС
Ҫ徳ҪĻǻԵԡ
Ⱦľ۷壬ʱп̤ؼһż

ΧϼʵԴǱϧû̫;
˼ǣ
Ⱦ¶⣬ʵ
˼Σ
΢ЦӦñǸҪ
ǲԣֻǡ
ȾΪ֮ɫ޷֤͵Ǳ˵õô죿
²صġ
Ц֮ߵ֪ǵʵ˼Ѻ֣ǿӦòѡ
ҵĵǣȵõǻᡣȾ
ºǧǵȷ˱֮£һ⡣΢䣬
Ⱦԣɫ԰ôˡ
λڣЩĶǶġ
ȾعЦ½Ұɣа취Դ˼䡣
Ǳˡ˵

˼䣬ǧϢ˼Ĵʱڣ߲ʵ಻ڿɼ
һգʣһʾӨĿ
ʲô
˼УһĿ⿴ǿգ¶𺳡
˵ǰδУһʱ䣬

жֻһ֣ı֣ܵȻʵҲΡ
ޱ񾳣ʵ̳ޱ֮Ĺ߿˼䣬¶ɫ
ʲôΪλ˾˵Ĳ
ؿȥء

ǣ
УʵϢһλʵ֮߳Ӱ˲ʧ
ͬʱУлʵǿ֣߳ٵķλȥ
ʮպҡУһʵսգ񾳵ĵؿѹˣ
ԶӰ֣һȴ
߰ɣȥˡ
ջĿ⣬ƽ
š
ͷǰһͬȥ
ؿԴޱȥɫ䱸Ұִ⡣
ڵؿ뿪ҡԶһƿնס
ǿ쳣ļ⣬ӾͿռ䣬ֱؿǰ
Σͻؿɫһ䣬æ˱ܡ
ȻؿˣԶ·
޿ˣؿһȣʵ򱬷Ӳâ
䣡
ҵĳʧȥȻĵؿϢ𵴣ǴһĨѪ䡣
±뿪
ǰһµǳҡ߳в


1404 
˼䣬ҡ֮⣬ǳǿ񾳵ؿսһ
ͬΪʵؿܴǰȻʧ
ǳǺ۹ҫ۵Ĺ⻪һƿնֻ˲Ϣ֮䣬Ȼγɼ꣬ȥؿ·
ؿɫ仯˫ƴ߶һʵΪӲꡣ
¡¡𶯣쳹ǿգؿһˣơ
ƲؿɫһԪӿʵ򣬺Ȼ
ǿռ䣬һſŴǱ٣ɳΪһ޴ʯˣһȭ䣬վ١
˵ľʯ˸ɣ޴ȭͷֱǰǳ
X
ǳ״ɫһ䣬æˡ
֮䣬ǳʯƬǳӰС
УǳɫһǺһɫƿն
׵һֱƿգֱؿǰ
ؿ״˫ڽʱ޴ʯཻ˫ۣӳ֣Ӳâ
𣬼âƿջʵ򣬺Ȼײϵؿ

һƺߣؿѪɽȾ졣
һܴؿǿסΣʯǿƻС
ȭٶȺ䣬ѹǿգǰǳܲòֵֵ̧
һǳȾ죬׶ܴ
һлһУӲ⡣
ǳ˵һ䣬ֲ̧Ѫգһ֧ѪɫԻ
֮ϣڣëȻ
ǺѪɫѹһ̣ӳǿռ仮һ˵Ѫۡ
ؿ״ɫ仯һȣʯǰӲâ
䣡
֮У䣬ҵײУѪɫֱӶʯţؿǰ
һѪɽ죬ؿ̧ץסѪȴѵâྡྷѡ
ֲһ컯ͻȻؿѪǼâ͸塣

ؿٶһƺߣӹ¡
Ҳɱ㣬ҷ뿪
ǳһǰ
ޱ֮˿ɶᡣ
ϣݼ̤ؿǿվǰӣ
ޱ𣿡
ǳһ䣬û֡
ϧѾˡ
Ǻ۹ϣǹҫĿǳٶ񹭣һƿգ顣
ϻ˵ٶҲûãбﲻɵӡ
âأؿгȣѪӿ
ȼѪԪݻؿʢΪ
ţ
ǳ΢УŲͣ£ƴֵ
ڵؿȼѪԪ׼һʱޱ񾳣߸ܵԶؿϢ쳣ɫһ
ԣ
䣡
̧֣һΪڣ޾ռ䣬Ƶؿ
֪ߺ󣬼̳ޱ֮ĹףһΪ䶥壬޵С
׳֣ҡͷһƾն֣ǿնʼȼ
ûս֣ɱؿߡ
ײս֣ǳɫŭϲĿ⿴Զڵڣһһˡ
䣬ǿվͷһλī״멵ӰѩɫŽˡ
ǧһԲѩ֮ʣһն
ȻһսУɢȥѩ֮ϣתϨ
ˣˣʣµԼ
ǧ䵭˵һ䣬ߵһߣ˿ûٲֵ˼
ǳӵؿǰһۣѾˣװʲôӡ
Ҳ㡣
ǧ䵭ֻ֮Ҫ˲ٲ֣Ҳٳ֡
ġ
ǳ˵һ䣬Ǻǰؿ
һ̣޾ƿն޾춯ء
ؿȣһѪԪӿһһعơ
ۣ
ͻȻؿһһѪ֪ʱŴһ֧Ѫɫâ֣ش
ǳǺ£Ŀ⿴ǰƽʤѷ֡
ؿģһѪԪ𵴣Ժ̡
ᣬܰܣ
ؿһվֱӣս꣬ݰϥ
ѪȼգؿȼҪǰͬھ
ǳüͷ壬͹ˡ
һѣõôƴ
ʱԶǧӰӹٶȣ˲ؿǰ
ѩַ棬һؿǰ룬סߵ
ѩʣǧת߿
Ϊ⣬ؿ£һѪ潥ɢȥ
ǳǰùǰеԴûٶǰɱ֡
ޱ֮ˣ뽫
ô˵֪Ϊޱ֮ˣɱ
ˡ
ǳһ۲Զǧ䣬ڵ
ǧͷһͬȥ
뿪ãؿУɢȥ
ӡʧؿΪָĿ⿴뿪ķɫ쳣
ˣ
ħһʱ˱֣ǰѣԴӾ뿪˼䣬δֹ
û뵽ǻķʽ֡
ʧܣؿѹƣ񾳷ȥ
ޱ񾳣߷֮ϣ߾ⲻ

ʱϣؿ߳һ񣬵ʧˡ
ֲ֪㡣
û뵽Щ˻֣Ȼˣ񾳲ˡ
ؿԣɫһƬ̺󣬵˵ͷӦǡ
ƲᣬȻȥ˰ɡƽ
¸ˡ
ؿٶһת뿪
ͬʱҡ򱱷һϣӰǧǳˡ
Ҫã
ǧ俴һǰеԴ

ǳ¶֮ɫ㶮ʲôʱôĶȻǲ˵ı˵ʲôϹ
ǧɵһ㿴ǰˣϹ뱦ˣʱˣɵˡ
ú˵
ǳӦһ䣬ר־оС
⣬ôã
˰죬ûпСʲôرǳ˻Ԫڡ
ԪûСƬ̺󣬳ʧûзκβ
ˡ
ǳüⶫʲôã
һԣǧ俴СһԽŵϡ
ǳԣһɵĽԴǰϡ
ŵİ
ûá
ǳӣӵ
Ȼ䣬ΧͻȻԴѸٱ֮ϡ
𾪵ĿУԴԻԭòӨҫĿ

Ƭ̺ǳع񣬿ǰˮ
ȥ
ǧѹ𾪣ɫƽ˵һ䣬ֱӳȥ
ιιȵҡ
ǳæϣ㲻˵𣿸ﻹôż
˽У磬ʣŨرԴʵ
һ̣ɫ¡
Σļ񵽱ˡ
ŨıԴѾԶԶԽ磬ڴΪһǧ
ʲô
ʱǳָǰһҳֽȵ
ǧ˳ǰָķȥգֽ
ֽϣشӳ
ǳĸоΣıﻹкܶ࣬Ͽҵǡ
ʣī࣬ȴУǳһЦһ˼


1405 ļƻ
˼䣬õԴǳձѰѡ
ǳƣиͬͬõĺñһҪøλȫմϹ⡣
Դˣǧ֮Աǣǳʲô˭
иͬ
֪ǳʱһģӿ̳ġ
֪˼䣬ǸϽΪȥ类ץ׳
ǳһôȥƵ磬ǣƲŷġ
ǧҲƣǶҪȥģǧ꣬ôҲҪȥתһȦ
أһλλڸĵظޣȫǳ˳˵˳档
ӣ
ǧҲǳ˵ı¾ˣд
ǳصذǶʲô
ǰ°Ͷﵽϵǳûʵ
£
ǳϵĽ֮ɫڸǲס
£߰ɡ
֮ˣڵ
š
ƽͷתҪߡ
ι߰
ǳæǰסˣбϣϾó
һԣظλ¶Ц⣬ǰ˱
á
ǳһ¹ӣĿⶼַһӨ͸СԻ
˼״Ͻɫ
ǣ
ﲻǱޱ񾳵ĵؿ𣿡¿ڣƽ
һԣ¶ŹֵЦݣ£⻹𣬿϶ӱġ
һʱ䣬Ͻ¶Ц⣬ǳɳ£ǲ֡
ǳУԴɳڵϣʱأ޾ӿ
˼״ϵЦʧɫ
ͬһ㡣
λһȥɡ
ǳǰϵľ֮ɫʮ⣬ڵ
˵꣬ǳӣҡڵسԴȥ
棬ǧ俴ǰŵӣ޲ȥһš
ߣȥһｾ˵ܻЩŵġ
˵һ䣬Ҳǰȥ
˸ϣнк֮ɫ
ظ޽磬ϼŨۣʵʡ
ǣ
ΧرԴ֣˼ƺûıԴ
ıԴ
ǧ俪ڣƽ֪ġ
֪
ԣɫһ
ϧһв֡
ǼһȥôãϢˣ
Сӿ鷳ԽǾȥæ
ǳһ֮ɫȻıŲöǡ
ȻˣǱЩȥ硣
µ˵һ䣬ߵһ䣬ʼС
УҲûٶ˵ʲôҵԼλã
ת۵Ĺ룬ֻʣǳһˣվţ
ǣ
ǳԴֱð̣ЩһĻû˵꣡
Ȼ˽ѿʼûǳ¡
ǰ粻ף˶֪ѵ֪϶˲ٹǲܹ֪ĺ⡣
˼꣬ţ磬ϱ仯ڣ˵Ϊȴʱ϶̵ϧ˶Żʵս
ڳˣ꣬ʵѲѰ߿ɼȻޱ񾳵ľŰ꣬Ϊ벽ʵ
䣡
Դ⣬ʱ䣬ϲ֣ȴʼ¡
ԴڣΪһǧǿµȻҪ˻ʵ塣
ĻӣӲκˣˣˡ
꽫߳ԴȻʵ١
£һԻ֯Ӳ١
ʮʮҹĹش٣Բ
ʵɣһ˷Ծı仯Ө
ڵظȫΪ׼ʱ磬쾳֪밮Ⱦ䣬ɧ˲°ٴΡ
У˶ʶλ֮ͣ޲ý˴ҡ
ֻǣΪľ壬λκεˡ
һˣôû
Ƕĸ߷壬±ϣǰޱߵ磬ڵ
磬ôס
һԣȾʱ˶Ӧ㹻ΪҪǱ뻹ָ
ԴУһ˿ʶֻҪǽȿռ䣬ұܸ֪ڵ
ʱɡ
Ⱦ̾Ͼ֮ȥѼûпܣҲҪǺá
š
ͷ˼Ŀ⿴ǰǣ˵λıЩʲô˰꣬ȻһҲû
³
Ⱦ˵׼ļƻԣûзֶԸǡ
磬һδģ
ԶΣյĹ⻪
׼ʲôȾ
ش
ܡ
Ⱦֱӷ񶨵ԶȸͰ׻ɼĪ˵Ȼ񽫣ͻơ
ǲУǱЩˡ
ʲô˼Ⱦ
߰ɣ·ڸ˵
ϵתӷǰ뿪
Ⱦüȥ
ºϽٶȹһΣǹһˡ
ʳڣͰȾֱӳŴһĴȥ
ţΪɣڰǰ˽˲ٸּ롣
һգǰͰȾֱɽȥ
ڣһλµиУɫһ
ڻˣ
Ŵλ𾪵ĿУ°׷ӰĿ⿴ǰӣ΢ЦǶֵĳŵ
ϣһ񣬵ǣˣ
һˣųɫһѵ˱Уűˡ
ټ֮ϵĵӣҵ
˵һ䣬ûжൢ̣תȥ
˺ʮأϽһɽУðٽ̣ټӴоȳİλߡ
һԣŵİȾɫ𺳣ԭǰڽԼ
֪ĲһˡȾ
˫ȭѵ֡
ƽ磬ô࣬ԣԼ°빦
ʮʱ䣬Ѱλߣ֮еսȫټ
̣ٳɶ࣬ǧִϽۼУлʵʵ۷ħ֡
λϻ˵ټλֻһĿġ
ǰˣƽ
䣬λɫһ
߰ɡ
ӣɽĴֱͨӴǧ֣жȥ
һգϿգ֪ٽ֮


1406 
쾳Ͻ罻Ӵٱжȥ
˵ľڵĸĿ׷ȥ¶ɫ
ˣ仹з˴
֮䣬˺޾ʱգٳǵķȥ
˼٣˫˱УɽĴͨǧ֮ϵĸ֣ס
ǧǰħǿߣÿһ˶ŻʵΪϢˡ
λߣӪ꣬ӵһ񳯾֪
λλ֮һϢӿǿ쳣
λģ˫գӿΪ޵С
Ȩı֮ƣһΪȻһǰδеǿȡ
ǿ֮Ǳȴ֮ա
䣡
ʱϿգҵǿλֱ֣Ӻ󷨡
𶯣Իֲ֮С
Ƴֱ仯·ֳòٵÿһУимֲϢתѹ졣
ǰۣ°׷Ӱ߳Ŀ⿴·
ɱ
һ£󷽣λ߳ٶȺ·ơ
Ϯ
Уһλλʵÿһλʵֺ󣬽аλ̴Ӹ档
ǧλĻʵǰλħǿĿϿգͬһУȥ
ϡ£ǿײȻһƱ䣬ʧɫ
λǰħ֣һȣնȥ
صһҫ۶ĿֱײϿյ֮ϡ
ĳӦ١
󷨻ȥ֣֡
һʱ䣬ǧȫɱ·
ɱ
ǰһλλħͬڣӭС
棬תǧһǿӿ춯ء
УֽǰɱС
ǰʮλħǰǰ߽Ų
ս𶯣ݺᣬʮλħǿ֣Ȼ֪
ԶȾһϢӿ֮һλλǿ¡
ӽ徳˳֣ܣڽںˡ
λУ˫ۣĿ⿴⣬¶ɫϮ
Ϸλȸ۾ɫ
طʮأûô״
λƽ
䣬ǰʮλƾն֣ǰս֡
ʮλħĸ֣ÿһλϹħսʮ֣Ȼ徳ǿ
ʮ񽫲ս֣սٶȷŤתһλλ߲Уش
״¶ɫħأʱҡضһ
ʮ񽫻ɢĿֵ֪ǰ
Сģ
ԶȾѵ
תۼ䣬ʮΧǿƱɱ
սģֳħӦʮ񽫵Ĺƣ磬Բ׽
䣡
ѿգ޼᲻ݣǰһƵ̶֣ꪡ
˲ϢӰӳһն񽫡
ﬣ
ӣȻ֮ڵλ񽫻ꪵĬ޼Ĺأ˿
Ʊ裬ɫ΢Ԫһƺ
䣡
ٵ֪ơ
ͬһʱ䣬󷽣һһꪹɱ¶
һһꪣ
ûûˣ
ȣ
һȣУ컯֣鷭ת졣
ҵķѩϯأѩر˪
սУһλλܵѩӰ죬ơ
ѩǧ
ӽ񱩵ķѩΪʮ񽫡
ʮ¶΢䣬̺ˡ

һ˲֣ƶ졣
ͬԣ
붯Ӱնλ񽫡
䣡
ҵĳλܵƳŻ졣
ۻƾ̣֮һһ˲֮
ؾʽޣ
֣ͬУһѪɽ

ƺλ£
Χɱֱ֮ƣħǰ˫ֿٽӡ
쳣ӡǣ⻪Ŀһ̣ϣһ֣᪻ض
ʮ죬ս֡
սָһλλ߿ǰս¶ɫ
˵Ϊ˿¡
ȰǰǺ֮Ĳ࣬ԽԽˡ
սǰͬʮ̰ѪȾء
ֽǰһԶ
ڣȸٶۣĿ⿴ǰСˡ
λм䣬ƽӾ徳ֻ벽ˡ
Σ𣿡ڵ
ɡ
λ׻ڣάǳٷ֣ܻԤϵ䡣
󼴽ɣƬ̵飬λûٶԣ˫Ŀպϣȫ
λϾʱǰֳħһ
󷽣ǧٽ̵ĸֵ£ǰ


1407 
ǧҴսʰٽ̶µ
λħֱ裬ʮս֪˿衣
ǰһϢס
ľ۷壬һΪ徳Ȼ޵УֻҪĵ徳֣˿ɵ
ڣλһʱԳ֡
һͷ׷裬ħѪϵ䣬ħ
˭û뵽̶̰꣬˼֪Ȼɳвµ֮
ڣһǰ߳ʶͿȫ䱸
Уλ徳֮ϵǿߡ
Ȼ֪Ϊʼûг֣ǣλ徳Խǲ֣Խǲ
Щ꣬ͰȾڵɧŲ°ٴΣ˵סȴǲ֪ʲôԭλ޵еȴǴδ¶档
ڣһλһλǰʣȫնɱڽ¡
ħӿһг֣Ӱ
˵ľ⣬Ѫϳӿȥ֪֮
Ѫӳ֣һϢȻֻʱȴǶڽӽ徳״̬
иУɫ¡
ӵϢԽԽǿˡ
Ҫ񡣡
м䷽λڣѵ
ԣѹвרĻ󷨡
ͬʱ⣬սȣٽ̸ȫķѪɺӡ
һǿݣӹˣһս˫ʧأʬǳɽ
ٽǿ߳ķʱڣֽ룬Ѿӽ
ԽԽܸܵǰλ徳ǿ߿µϢ
徳ƬµȻħҪס
ţ
ͻȻŲͣ£ǰļµĲɫ¡
Ծ
ħǧۣԴԴϵѪ˷ϯ춯ء
ױ䣡
һնأУħն£ǰ
֮УѪɫƿնն
䣡
⿿һɼΪֲȻ½⡣
״ɫٶһ
ÿµ
ٳɣ˫ֽӡʮѪɫ֣֮䡣
һ̣һײԵ
ֲĳ˵Ŀ⡣
⣬Ⱦ˿ǰ¶ɫ
ѾѰ徳ǿ߿С
֪ԵĶ֣ʲô
ڣѸɢΡ
⻪ڣ֮᪻ܡ
ĹƣԺЧɫַתӡ
̶ֱ֣֣ͬӡ
ˣ
ʱУ֮𣬻شǡ
⣬һλλʵħٸͷʹѣ͵ġ
ˣ
ˣ
ڣһһϴҳ
֮ǿ󶼿ʼ˱仯
м䣬λиУɫͬʱһ䡣
ã
δɵ䣬׼ŭλȸڣٵˣȥ󲻵޷ɣпܱȥ
ȫֽսپ
ס
ȸӦһ䣬תŽȥ
ȸڣڣ֮ƣġ
⣬ǰ߳ĳӣɫ
ˡ
Ҫϵ徳ȸʱϽ֮ϣһλ֮
ǰՕDǰеüͷ塣
ֳ˾Ѩ磬¼ġՕDԣ񿪿ڣ
ՕDǰߣãƽ֪ˣȥɡ
ǣ
߻Ӧתȥ
ֳ
¶ɫдҰģ񹬿д١
ՕDߵǰɣӿԶՕDȺǵĵ
ͬʱ籱ˮƵ۹ڣڣһĨ绪ٻӰĿ⿴쾳΢΢
Ϣƽڿʼˡ
쾳ȸħ
˫ƽӣϯǡ
У컯ԻѧԪԴԴԾ
ľΪѹָɱ
ȸɫˣ಻
濹徳ǿߣɫ޾壬ӳ֣صõˮ©
ţ
ʮУȸɫԽأǲܳų̫ãսپ
ȸ
ϼޣȸһΪԪ𣬶ʱ֮ϣ޴ȸӰԻס
ǰ״תһȣڣƱ䣬Ի³ݡ
ȸˣ޾µĻ֮仯սȸɱˡ
У｣֣˫
ϣɾħͬħͬ硣
̺ӦײӦ

·УѪɽ׶Ⱦ졣
ͬʱȸѪһӿ
˫ǿ棬ܴ˵Ĵս֪зɣҪɱ֮
ǧ񳯣һսĸ߶ȣֽӭսȸȻܴһս˿
ǿʵǿǿĿǿ𾪾塣
⣬ˣѪˮֻгߣϼӳ֪塣
䣡
ơƹڣƲۻǿ粻ħһʱҲԸƻٶȡ
ͬսУȸ಻ܣܵȾ졣
ǿųִλȸսԷ
Ӿȸռò¡
λ仯ǿųֲֵ̳֮ףҡ

λɫ΢䣬̳񣬻ִ
ȻλȱˣתֲĴ֮󣬾ǳֱ֮ס
ȸսپ
У𣬴
ȸɫ£ӣ˫Ʒƣ
׵ľ죬˫
УȸļĮĻȣŲһ̤׵磬仯Ī⡣
ӰԲ׽ȸȫһƺֻ˲Ӱ
ȸħâ顣
ȸӲһץסۣǿƷˡ
䣡
춯һƣȸӿ
һѪѪٶһȣȸڵħϣͬһĺɫϢûڡ
ڷﱾԴ޿ײ룬ֿ̧ͬסȸֱۣԴת֡
׹
һ̣ӰͬǣȻײԶ
֮λ徳սľǿײϽ󣬿ֲĳУ󼱾𶯣ٶ̼ӿ


1408 
֪սսȣ쳣
һ׹ץסȸײ
¡¡𶯣쳹أܵٱ١
ǰȸƺߣѪɽ
ʤ¶ˣȸѪˮܲСĴˡ
ʽȥȸһڡ
ȼԪ屶ȸһɽ
֮䣬ɫ΢䣬컯ԻӲС
Ӱɳɣײһһ֧ľ
⣬ͣ£һ̤۷ء
ħն䣬ǿƻУй壬ǿ
ȸֵ̧ħҳ񾪹塣
ħѸ޸ƣֻҪ֮ˣڲ֮ء
ΪӦս徳ǿߣϧɱͲ಻ħܾԣǿ徳ǿһʱҲѹħľ
սսɱ졣
󷽣ԽԽأ֪һʱԻعȸԽԽ
ǰˣΪԤϣƽѹƣǣսپ
ڣⲻϳײٶȿ쵽ޣÿһγײռ䱻ֱ٣Ѹ޸
ȸ죡
Уڣȵ
λλλȫִȻ˳ųֵļޡ
⣬ȸɫԽ죬֮ƣٵʼȼ
⣬ٽǿߺĸͬѽѷ֣˲ء
λħǿҪȴǱȾ£ǰа벽
ȾϢȻħǿ߽УҪܵѹơ
Ϊ徳ǿߣȻΪ۷壬Ⱦչֳ˵սħѵ
䣡
ڣನһһ󣬿ʼݻ޾µ
սģĳԽԽˣĹ⻪ҫǰδеĶ֣սⲻ
ţ
ܵǰֵı仯ȸɫ΢䣬ǣ

˵е֮Ȼ徳ǿ߶յ
֪һսȼԪȸٶƽս֡
УĽһ̣ȴſ֮
䣡
ʽٽ棬ȸ£ش٣
ǿɺ֮ܣס
ߣԪħһƺ졣
ȸӭϣƾײನѸٴݻΧһС

ȸƺߣش
ȣ
ȣһħԪȼɺ֣
ȻһȸɳɣŻ졣
ļ٣ѸƵУȸԽԽ࣬չǿ߷ɡ
֪ƲףҰֳɣӰӳ
䣡
ħϿգɫ۶Ŀȸ˫ֲϣħâ
ȣ
ٴŭȣٶȱһαǰ֡
һһεĳȸԽԽأԽԽ
ȸ죡
Уٶȴ
ڼҡۼҪ׵
ʱԶ޴ĻХأһԽ޾ʱգңԶƿն
ûʱסٵ
׻
ȸиУĿ⿴ѵ׻
սУͬܵԶٸǿϢɫ¡
ԸӣħԽңȫ߶ս
һĹ˻ɺ磬Լս
սѸ٣ȸɫԽأˣ
䣡
ħһ£һΣȸҲ޷Ȼ£Ѫɽ쾡Ⱦ
˱
ħԪȼգһɫӿһ£޴Ļƿֲ֮
ħݿ࣬ȸȻһѪӿ졣

صƺУȸһˣѵħ
ȸӡ
һܴȸʢŭ֣˫ֽӡһȸӰƿն
ֱӳƻħײ֪֮
Ӱɣħأֹסơ
Ϭʮʽٳ񷣡
ӡѵħԪ¾ʽԻħζ졣
¡һȸӡɢΣȾ죬ħԪ壬Ѹ޸ơ
ϬʮʽѺֺ飡
һ֮һ󣬾κϮ졣
űƣ޼᲻ݣƽУɱԡ
Ʊڣ죬նƱ䡣
ɺ轫ޣűһؽһأۻ
ȸӭУȻֱӷɳ
һʯȥҡҡ׹ʼ֮ʷҲʼҡ
ȸǣѪ£һشȻҲʼ˳ųֵļޡ
ǰһԡѪӰӹ򣬷ɺޣ˵еʮ䡣
ȼһ֪ħһҫĿϢ
ǿһУǿһ̣Ӱģ뽣ϣΪһѪɫƿص䡣
ȸܵǰҵɱǿѹƣͬΪ
ȸңȸӰʧ׻Ϊһ޴ȸ
սѪɫ⡢ȸȻײһ硣
ϣɫңԶİ׻ǰһĻӺݺһ
λ徳ľǿײֲĴըನХڣ״ݻ
󷽣֮ܵӰ죬Ѹٱ١
Ľ׻УһΪͿųֽҪٵĴ
ģˣУҪŲסˡ
λֹ֣˽ٵƣۼҪһ
ʱؼ䣬ȸѪӰԻֱӳС
ԡѪȸȼ꣬޲
䣡
һ̣֮ϣƾңȸ󽥽޸׹ɡ
ʣɫŭ״˽Ŀ£١
ģλִ󣬵ֵŭ
оأоű䣬شٺԲС
޴ӰԻ֮䣬һɻصϢϳ˷Ӷ
·ٽǿ߿һĻ¶ɫ
ÿֲ
ٵǰȾһλħǿߣĿҲʣӺݺһ
ǣ
ħ壬ֲӣʬ
ˣ
Ⱦлع񣬲ԥ
λ߷Ӧٽ̴ˡ
ɽ˵ĹУǧټǵǿֱ߱ըضûС
ϣһϮ۵У֮
ɱ
һ£ڶѸ׷ȥ׷ɱİλߡ
𽣣
һ̣ٵУһһ̣ǧƵĽݺύΪǿ롣


1409 Ľ
ַŵأ֪𽣣콣
ŭ£һԡѪ߳ڣפʮ춯ء
𺳵ĿУΧĿɽƾնǽʯĽ䡣
ɽƶ֮ϣƷ
ϣڻϢӣ֮󾡻١
𽣡
·̧֣Ŀɽƿն𣬾ܣҡǳ
ɽӰ𣬰׷裬ħԾ
죬ϣ򽣱ڣħӦԽ֮ܡ
Ŀ춯أĽϹţɾ޴ƿңɫ䡣
Уϴ߶֮һϢԶԶԽޡ
ǰһϯǧǧ޾
ǿϳһλλħֿ¶Ȼ
ͬʱˮŮۣɽ֮ՕDλǿͬʱ쾳оɫ
ѾԽˡ
ʲô
쾳Ͽգ̧֣ʱ޴һɻ֮絴֮ܣɵ
ǧУһѸٱ٣Կ⾪׵
Ĵɽм䣬ħԪϯʽޣʮӳħ
˲Ϣ棬Ѫ䣬ȻħҲԵ˿ֲĻ֮
ȣ
սˣԸ׷˫УɡͬʱɽȻ෴ӿ˫ء
һһ죬һһнؼ佻Ѹںϡ
ǿ֮磬üģѪɫħƲӣɢ
ֲħ֮ϣ״иУϽŭףнӻħߡ
ȣ
УԽأһѪȼħϢ
Ϊͻ谭ڣݵһ˲徳ıݡ
ǰɫ΢ٵˡ

ְ̧£ʱ󣬾޴Ƴ֣̤ն
״˫ֻӶ˫һһն¡
ȻһУӦ٣ನХȻǰӰ
裬Ȼ֪Ľӳ֣Ժλ徳ǿֵֻ
ϣ˫ۣѪ䣬ش
ħӿѸ޸ƣȻ֮ϴݲħ֮ǿ粻ħһʱ侹Ըƻٶȡ

ӣ֮ڲӵĻ֮
ȾѪ£˴Ŀ£ȴǲ
ǿѾϣԻһһγΪ
Զʱǿޣһλ֮һλ֮پۡ
Ŀս룬һδεĳ󣬷ȼյĻ潥ࡣ
ĽϱȻϹɽ֮粽С
ʵѪѪħѪ֪֮Ѿ˱ٱԵ
ϣԦһƿسԽ޵С
ɣ
㣬ǰһƬƬ߽⣬ֱֲû֪ڡ
һͣй⻪˲
֪
ԶȾӺݺһ
ңܰܣ
ȼյķУӹ⻪ٶȻָˡħɱԴںϣǿֹ١
İ׷ȻȾѪһȫľ
ȻȻн԰ܡ
ᣬ֪
һȣѩϯ죬Ϣٶȷ仯ХڣΪ޾ĶѸӿ
һ̣֮ϣһ֣
ϣѪ׺޴Ŀ֪һ֪಻
Уɽ޵Ľ񳯾չ绪
ĿУɽ̬Ϸ仯ǧ꣬ȱ
ɽϣһѪɫ粻ӣֱ֪ۣѪϢͬ
䣡
֮ϣ£俪գ֪ϡ
ǧޣգηأģһֻ֮лһʣ޼ů
ȣ
һȣ׷ħɢȥָ
֮ʼ޼ޡ
ɻնǰһƬƬĿռѸ޸ġ
֮
Уɫ΢䣬Ǵ֮
ϣײ󣬼᲻ɴݵһξ
⴩󷨱ǰɫһ⻪ڣӲ
Ȼһǰ׳ѺۣǿԵ¾ɽ

Ѫɽһܴ
ܴݳֲһ˲֮ǰѪɫⱼڶȻײڽ֮ϡ
˵ײ뱯ģλͬܲѪӿ
λͬʱֵȱһˣԲֲ֮ס

ɫ仯һŭȣԦЯ֮ײǰ׷ˡ
¡¡쳹أǰɽֱɳȥȻ·֮ϡ
Уɡɽٵ

ҵĳУӰɳɣ׽ֶȾ졣
ս⣬ȾʵĴɫ쳣
֪ΪҪִţѵֻΪ˱񹬵Ķ
ˣѾαƴ
ȣ
սУһԡѪϴ߶һս⣬ѩ죬춯ء
ľ۷壬Կλĵ徳翪ٵδ飬գ֪зɣ𾪸
ϰһУ񳯣ɣԽҫĿһڿиУȻʣԶ
𽣣
սȣɷ棬ϣɽ𶯣޾
һ̣ɫһڿƿնǧƣݺύա
ϣɽ֮𣬻У
ϣ֪򽣣
־Խħֽε
Ͽգ򽣽յľ񶼿־
У˫ŭԦ֮ף¡
·ݺύֱӳǰ
棬صĴײУݺӦѿһΪ
֮٣ϣѺӣס
ֲľǽ٣ĩս١

ϣײ򽣱٣ɽ׹䡣
Ѫɽ·֮С
ս⣬ȾӰӹش֪뿪
ϣʤ߰ȻͻȻһѪӿλؿͬȾ졣
񹬣һϮɫµՕDջĿ⣬ת
׼Ӧսսʼˡ
һ̣֮񹬡
Ǳ⣬Ӱͣ£ȾѪӰĿϿգ΢΢
սʼˣ


1410 ս
һսվսʤˡ
֮־棬֪սܣȾߡ
Уλؿ죬ܲĴˡ
ӰԪ޸ơ
ǰħֻۣĿ⿴ǰλȴ
һսȸս껤ִɢ
ַŵأλĿˣüͷʱ𣬿ɼƵĳء
˭û뵽ƻش
ʱһչȥʮպλͬʱ۾һƾ

Уǰڵ
һ£·¡¡𶯣һܼս𣬳ǰ
ʮλħĸֵս󷽣һλλʵǿͬս׼
һ̣λ𣬳Ͻȥ
󷽣ϣһͬϽȥ
֮ʱһλλħĿ⿴Ͻ¶ɫ
Ŀ꾹ȻϽϽĵؽ磬ѵҪ񹬿ս
Ŀ֮սʷ֮仯
񹬣ڣՕDиУ߳
ֳ
ǰűˡ
ՕDͷ׼Ӧս
񹬸һžѾõУǧټǵǿϢڣص׼ӦԼս
ϽϿգս¡¡Խһ;ϮֻΪ̵ʱڵ񹬡
٣˼仹綼ͬá
պǰ֮ϣյľġ
УһǿϢҫĿ˵Ŀ⡣
ģǰһϮɫսµՕDһսĿǰɫûκα仯
ɱ
ǰڣ
ˣˣ
ս޶̹񹬣˿Ϣ֮
ǰՕDɫ£ͬڵɱ⣡
£񹬸һλλӳȵĻƣÿһλ񽫵Ϊڻʵ֮ϡ
񽫣ʮλħǿߣ䲻ǣ񹬵սһ򶼲ȡʤ
ՕDһ˵Ĵڣһ
棬ս˲ȣȫԣʧɫ
ˡ
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š
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ɫĹ⻪ҫ۶ĿՕDһΪѸڣǿޱȣҡ¡
һսʮδһܣ񻰡
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룡
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᲻ɴݵՕDȫһδƿ
ǰՕDüͷ壬ַתһɫƾԻ
֣ՕDֱӳײȥ
䣡
ǿ˵ĴըײϴֲĴ𶯡
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ӿĻУՕDնǰʼҡՕD񲻶Ϲ𽥳ֲ
ģɫ£˫ֽӡʩչͨ
𣡡
ɲǼ䣬λ縴գһŭ춯ء
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ߣϢ𵴣ՕDܵӰ˳ɡ
ֳ
ǰɫ΢䣬
ް
ǰՕD˵һ䣬ֲ̧ѪĿ⿴ǰɫɫ
ѹЩ˸ǰ񹬣󣬵ȷЩ
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ՕDֻͽͣ
УߣӰӳ˲ՕDǰ
һȭՕDУɫǹӹӭϡ
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ܴսһսⲻɫǹתƣٶȳǰȥ
ҵͬ죬Ȼһ̣λ⻪𣬾תơ
תƣѪӿ˫Ŀպϣʼˡ
ٶȻָһȭǿƻС
ȻһՕDٳһȭӰʮ
ţ
ʮ⣬ՕDŹָɫ
֣
ՕDλɫ¡
Ųδ֣ڵԺηԶ׼ˡ
ֵ󷨣תơ
ҪλҪƿ
˼ˣՕDӰӳٿս֡
ɫǹƿʱգһһκ
ǿޱȵĹƣ˿Ϣʱ䣬ՕDȫĻᡣ
ǰܼĹƣŭϲɫЦԽԽĹƣȻՕDܳųֶأ
ڣ񱩵ĹՕDϢֶݵ𵴣һ˲֮׼ᣬȫһȭǰؿڡ

һѪՕD죬ȴǰ벽ˣͬǿһȭؿڡ
ɽѪȾգܴһ̣λ⻪תơ
Զ׻һƺߣش
ՕDиУŲһ̤˲ı乥Ŀꡣ
׻ǰՕDǹƿգء
˵һĻٶȷ׻Ӱ˲ʧȡ֪Ƿµһ
¡һǹƣ
ҵĴսܣԶϣ°׷ӰǰսѲ֪á
һԣȾ棬Ŀǰɫص֪޷𣿡
ǵδء
ǰĴսƽԲû㣬ˡ


1411 ɣ
ϽǰսȣһĻĩ֮
λλöԲתƣһĵՕDơ
λ徳ľǿߣ֮ܣַӸԵǿսһʱѵ֮
ՕDǣѪ£ŴսĽУԽء
ǰǰɫԽԽء
ֳˣ
λĸսΣתƵʵ̫Ѳ
ȥһɱ򣬺ƿλķȦ
ՕDͬ˴Ĺ֮սȫڽɫǹϣҪһնɱһλ
Уλ׼֮ܣβϱãԲ׽˵ľλá
֮ϣ̫У治Ͻ£ՕD
սՕDֱӳǹ裬ս
һģȫ汬ՕDǿƥλм䣬Խ
ѪȾһһαλƽ֣ơ
ҵĴսУϦ¡
̫£ؼ䣬ϢʼˣՕDཥ¡
λ״̰Ϣ׼
һͬľ󣬳ʱ䡣
ʮ£ҫĿʱǰһֱֵ̧̧𣬶ϣƶ´
֣ؼ䣬ٶȷ仯
¹֣ؿʼ⣬λδӦơ
սУՕD״һȣɫǹ棬ֱӳǰȥ
˫۽ƾ˫ķӲՕD֮С
һ̣ƺ˫ϵƬƬ٣ƻǿՕDȻԵֵ
һЧՕDŲ̤ǰ߽ӡĻᣬɫǹǿɱ
֮䣬ǹЯֱӹš
µ´󲿷ֹƣȻвٻԪ壬ɫ䣬
һĻսλ֮׶ȱơ
ӡҪˣȴǱ£ɫ˽Ըȥ񡣡
˵꣬Ŀ⿴ǰՕDӰױڡ
Ȼһʯ쾪׽ՕDǹӭϣǿޱȵܣӲĴ֮ס
¡¡쳹գӰ˳ش
ףϳŶԷĹ塣
סՕDʱ׻λӰӹǰ
սУՕD״ŭ
ͬ죬ĩ裡
ŭՕD񱬷׵ͬʱԻײλ
ǰ׻λҪ֣ͻȻһ𣬸ܵǿҵɱ
˻عӲС

һ˿ƺһʮɡ
ǰՕDӰӹǰĿ⿴ǰλɱĿ
ǣȫ
ܵвՕDһζŭ죬ɫ۶
ՕDһ˫֮Ϊɫ񱩵ӿ춯ء
ǰߵı仯ɫ¡
ԣ
ՕDսϽɫϳ֣޾ӡ
ǿ״̬ՕDȫչս֮һԪӿѹ򷨡
λһ̣ՕDӰ˲ʧ̫ǹӹ񱩵ƿն
Уڳ֣˵е̫Ի䡣
λ״ԪԻ׻䡢ͬٵս
ڡĿУ𵴣λȾ졣
ѪȾգǿսǿĽ档
ҵľλǿսۻǿҲԳܡ
ŭֵՕDһսȫУһ̫λսһʱ˿·硣
񱩵ս񣬹ԶţλתΪأ
Ȼתս֣ȴԺӵΣՕDһģƲۻ
ǰǰս֣Ͼɫ
ʣϦѾ価գҫ䡣
ŴսĽУՕDѾ˱Ľޣ£ɫ¡
캮ڣ
̧֣ϣһ޴¹ڳ֣ׯ£塣
սֳΣǿг֣޵ǰ
֮ϣ»ӳ֮
֮캮׹磬Ȼһ֮ϡ
𣡡
뱯ҡ
Уλɫƺߣ¶֮ɫ
ȻƾˣϢɣ캮ڶʱֲѺ֡
ǰһĨѪ䣬Ⱦ¡
񣡡
ՕDɫһ䣬£
ֳ֮Σһͬԣ
¶΢ЦһԼֳ
һĻĸ˾󣬿ϧǶҪ
УλѸ޸׻ˣ䳰ȷ
ǰδ֮λ徳ǿͬĴ
Զ֮ϣȾǰս֣ɫص֪ٲ֣ՕDΣա
ȣ
һ䣬ѹ³ֵĳ嶯
ڻʱ
ȾԣɫһĿ⿴ӣ֮ɫ
ȷͬˡ
뿪˼䣬磬ĸˣ纮
ѵҪؿՕDս
ǰǿѹλՕD£಻⡣
ۻՕDԪƿʼܵӰ졣
սУǰԪ𵴵һ˲һȭɫȻՕDš
ȻңՕDǰױ٣ųֺ˵˺ۡ
Ѫⱻɫ俪׹֣ՕDܿµش
Ѫںս˰벽̫Х
ʶУȻ̫ꪻգǳȥ
󷽣׻ӺݺһæУԪС

ʹƺĿѪɽ׻ǰ̫ǹֱӹš
̫ǹϣѸٷٻٰ׻
ټ׻ٶ⣬תơ
ͬһʱ䣬УλͬʱŻ죬ش
ٷɢλͬʱܣǿµ١
ǰǿѹڵƣֱһȭՕDš
֮Ѫ޴ĿՕDһѪȳ֮ʼɢ
ֳ
ǰ״Ӻݺһǰ
ɱˣ
ȵ
󷽣λӳɱ֮
񣡡
ǰՕDȼļµĹ⻪̤ǣ֮ǰ
ȻһλՕDϣĿк˲졣


1412 ս
ϽǰȾ죬ˡ
˵һĻս׹Ȼ֮ϡ
ǰɫסһ
أϣһ쳣ֲϢ£ס
У¶ɫĿ⿴ǰȻ

ŭӣӨɫ»ӣĿ¶Ȼ
Ͻһλλħֿ񹬷вηӿ
˺£ϢΪλǿ
ǰϲսԸ˶ֵ񳹵ױԵĵ徳ϵɢơ
֮ϣ𶯣֮ܵǣ
ֲһĻԾ壬Уһ񹭳֣ҫĿҫ䡣
ǣ
Уɫ䣬񹭣
֣رѪΪһѪֻ֮ϡ
ɣ
ŭģ˫仯ɺ죬ѪӦƿն
Уɫ£˫֮ӲС
䣡
Ŀ䣬ײ˵ĳϽضʼ

ನչ֮ѪɽȾ񹭡
ǰУܵһλͬش
ǰՕDһսܴأȻ۷̬֮ٴζϷǿλ¶ƣ̬
ǰܴһ񲻹һصƣٶ乭£֮ѪΪһǰλ
䣡
һһĳУλԽأٲά衣
ⲻڣط޸ƣǿųִ
ܵսܵߣ֣һһγ»񹭵Ĺ
ǰһѪ룬еĺȴ˿ɢž˵ܣŭݡ
޻չֳ˵־ǿгų壬Իλ
Զ֮ϣȾǰҵĴսֽա
һԣ°׷Ӱʼûгֵ˼
֪㻹ڵʲô
ڣȾҲ̲סʵ
֮ܵ
ڣش
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Ⱦǧǰħ֮ս˼жǲӲ
ȣ
һ֣ħƵü£˫˿⻪
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Σ¡
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ǰѪԼѪϺ
ڣλһһعȻشȴɵĹơ
أ֮Ѫɺԣ޷¡
Χһλλ񽫿ǰĲս֣ҪԮ֣ȴΪ
סŲ˶ˡ
Уǰ񣬿ڵ
δ䣬ǰѪľȻһģѳų֡
ڣ
ӱҵĹ⻪ӰΪ磬˲ǰ
أһ壬ǿһ
𣡡
񽫾ĿУſ޿ڣǰ
ɣΣһ̣ؼ䣬ħһĨ°׷Ӱƾ߳һնǿеĹơ
롢ٶײʣ޴ƾҡ
ԶȾͬʱǰ֪սַŽɿ
ڻǳˡ
Ⱦ뿪
ǰڣɫĮ
š
ȾͷӰشս֡
㣡
Уŵǰİ׷ˣȻû
ǶûҵȻҲ
УɽԻϣѪɫӣֱС
ǿޱȵĽ֮ҡ
𽣡
ֻ̧֣ɽʱѪ˫ХڣѸӿ
ɢ𶯣һ𣬻Ϊƣʡ
ǿ֮𺳣ޱߵϣһλλ彣иУĿ뿴񹬷
ǿĽ⡣
綫һλŽܵϽǿĽⲨ΢΢
һ̣ӰʧٳϽȥ
񹬣֮ս֪ս֣λش
У׵Ľֱն
¡¡𶯣򽣺󣬱ͲԲٴֱ֮ܵס
޾Ľ⣬ˮһǧǧγͬʱУλʱϼˡ
ˣ
ƲУһȣ
񹬸֮̳ˡ
ˣͲˡ
ǰֻʣɽĽ죬ؾ
򽣳ڣλԽԽأĹȻҪת޷
ͻȻǰĿɽ֣ͬ޾
ش岻۷һֵҵĳУؿȾ졣
ǰӰ߳վɣɱŨ
УΪף˼ˣս
Ȼٶ֮˭ܿĹˡ
һǰУƲȴμ١
ܲɱλ˳׷
ϣУΪ󣬷λ·
ɶ񣡡
¶ŭɫՕDһսܴ̫أڱ˱˳̶ȡ
ĩգ׻䣬ѵ۷ķˣƾǿų֡
£Խǿѹˣ˷˵Ļᡣ
õĻᣬֻҪڴУֻͬ˲
ڣۼͬһҧһתڼ
ȻһƼʱҿ
䣡
λ״
ߣ
ǰȵ
Уλͣȥ
ǰɻһ
ǰְֱ̧ǰ飬ħӿ
ˡ
Ŀ⣬Ŀ⿴ǰˣһ̤׷ȥ
Ͻϣһӹ԰˵λ治ᣬҪնɱ
ͬʱǰȾȫΪˣɫԽء
ֳ
Ƭ̺۾
£ϣӿĳУһλŽɫսµӵѪУûκϢ
ֳ
ȾĲ£ǰ
ѪУյս񰲾ԡѪһսԼӵˡ
̧֣ΡΡظǰֳӣʹ絶ʡ
ΪһɢѪˮ£ȻߣҲᡣ
λɳܲã
ʱһ۵
ԣɫһ𣬻ȥ
˺󷽣С«Ծ˵ѪСɳҹλɳ
ͷѪһȸѪһηѪһΣС«ԼѪ


1413 
ϽأĵӰǰ󼲳۶֪׷ɱλʮҪնݳ
ǰУΪ׵λƻڲ϶񻯣Ȼ壬һʱҲ޸صơ
󷽣˼ۣٶȿ쵽¡
롢ˣԶŵգҪս
ʮ԰׷ɱ롢׻λɫԽأȫ쾳ȥ
Ȼ쾳Ͻֺֹλܴأ
Ӳˣ
˼۹Уֳ߳־ɣɱԡ
׷ɱһ·ٴν棬Ӱӹһնܴص
ɫȻ߶ʣԪӲɽ
¡¡ɽѪӿһɰɡ
УλͬͬϢɢڵơ
޵е󷨣񷴶ΪۣλۻԽԽ죬Գų֡
λͬʶһ㣬һۣж໤֮ϵ
ɢ룬λϢʧָࡣ
롢׻Իʣ֮رɫ
ڿϴӹ𣿡
ϣλ
󽣽磡
һȣУɺգ֮Իϣɢս֡
УڣɽٶԻɷƣɱˡ
֮ϣ򽣻ΪĽƴݺύնλ

λУһΪҫĿӰƿնӲ򽣡
ģشѵ򽣣УɽԻֱӶӰš
ۣ
һѪȾ죬ڣ°׷Ӱְ̧֣ͷϡ

ĺһԪѪѸٱ룬ħɡ
Զ롢׻λһĻ쳣
Ϊ۷һɣλѡֻܺת롣
ߵ𣿡
ǧУӽ٣ӿ
޼֮񣬽֮վ١
ǰλæܣȴش壬ġ
䣡
λȾ죬µ񳯻ƽ֪׷·š
ɶ񰡣
¶ʣۿڼȴǻһģģ
ŭģһԪӿȣĹ壬Ϊħıɱ֮С
ϣŭɫǰ֪ײ
֮ķˣƾ춯أ̤նһƬƬվ
ǰڶ΢΢
֪ķˣһ̤м٣â
ȻƴΪٶȾǶʱƥ˷ˡ
Ϣǰֻӹ̶ֱ֣ǰߡ
¡һײ̶ֲĲ󷽣ץɵ̶˰
սУѪʣȻ;ƿݡ

ãͻȻһģѪɢ
Զ״Ӱ˲ӹɻն顣
һæܡ

²˺ѵǰ˵Ľ˳֣ɼǡ
شδ񣬾ɽǰ
ֺ̧ɽȴɽת಻Ĺƣб
սУ磬ʽ飬ǰ˿Ϣ֮

²˺ٴȾ죬ۻ޻֮

ͻȻһģŴɽ룬һٴĿѪ
ĸ
ֱ̧֣һǰ飬ħӿ
ϢϢȶĿɨȴѲ׻Ӱ
Σǰ׻Ҳ˲֮ͬ꣬ѡԼܡ
ͿʶúĿ⿴ûٵ飬Ѹ׷ȥ
һȻ֣һҪնݳ
λУԪӿȲȶ
ĵԴϿգ컯ǿѹʱпܱ֮
֪Լʱ䲻࣬뾡ɱİ׻
һһҹʱ䣬׷İ׻ûƬͣϢ
׻п־ԽԽŨ꣬һظов
˾벻׼ٴγʱԶһƿǰ
ǰµ꣬ŽһϢǿ쳣徳
ħ
꿴ǰƵħü
£ÿڣƽ
ջĿ⣬ûǰߵݣȽʮУ㲻뿪
ԣɫ£ͬأ
ɲ㡣
국˵һ䣬ָĿ֮䣬˲֪ǰ
֮ɫһὣС
ȻһӰ˳ս֣֮һ顣
Σ򻹲򣿡
֣̼֮ħԣɽɷתٷϻֱӳȥ
úã
սⱬŽӦʣˮ䣬Ŀޡ
ˮɽɣڿ棬ɱ졣
ȣת֮䣬ж
УԽ˷ܣþûôǿĶˡ
ն
ˮתƣ죬˻ϼһն¡
ױ䡣
񣬻ӽңХ˼䡣
˫ײٵ㣬񱩵ྡྷУӰ˲ʧ
ɫ΢ȫ䱸
ȻʱһϢһϢȥӰȴʼûٳ֡
ʶƭˣɫѿ쳣
ϽӰ۶ȫ׷׻ټ
ϽͷһƬɭĹǰͣ½ŲĿ⿴ǰüͷ塣
׻Ϣʧˣǽ
δ֪֮أǿܣ治ȥ
Ҫ뽫׻ıԴõ֡
˼ˣǰһ˹֮С
δ֪ĹأʬеʬѾֻʣ׹ǣȥ˲ٵ¡
ǰʶͿȫ䱸
ǰǱ˽У쵹Ƿ˹
ϣ׻ûô
һشİ׻ǰУͻȻĿ⿴ǰ¶Ȼ
˲佫׻û
ţ
󷽣ܵǰǿһ̤Ѹǰ
ǰĹһնǰ·֡
ʱȣҳɣС
һ̣ʧӰҲ֮ʧ
ͬʱУõѪȸѪՕDһڣΪԶһλõԴ
ˡȸڣͬʱƿػ񳯱ԴֲۣϢӿס
ԵՕDǰͰȾµϢ¶Ȼ
Ϊλɫ£ʵ
಻֪
ȾͷѪ֪Ҳֻ֪ԭ


1414 벽쾳
Ͻ׷ɱ׻ˣؼʱ̣׻ɣʧ
ʱһնûС
ڣ仯ɭġ
ǰӲԾĲһ¡
ǰľһ·֣·ϣǰУʶֻǱܵǰС
һľþòܻع񣬵ظ
羹ȻҲеظ
ĵ龰ӰǰĹʱ־Ȼǻþ
ʵڵľǰУ֪ǰη
ѹе𾪣ӰǰС
̫죬ûʱȥ̽飬ҵ׻С
ظһһ䣬Ϥʮɭֲ
֮䣬һССĵǰֺ˵ľԻƤ͹ʵطš
Ӱӹǰ
һ󷽣׻ǰУˣѹ˲˼仹ǵ
ˣ
ʱظһŭ𣬰׻𺳵ĿУۣһ޴ĹԻֳ־޸ǰ׻ֱһ¡
׻Ȼ̧Ӳ
¡һʯ𣬰׻˫գ¹һ
״һһŲ£ʯ쾪
׻Ӱˣܿ޽š
ͬʱ󷽣ӰԽԽǿĽѹ˳ɿ
ǰй񣬺ɱ񣬰׻ԽԽ·š
ɱ
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;ƿݣܹش׻оǾһԪ
Ԫȼգҡضһ̣󷽣̧ԪȻһڰ׻ġ

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Ĺǰǰӣڵ־ʲôϵ
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вȺ׷ɱʱܵһΡ
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š
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ǡûӦ
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мأЩҪȥ˻ش
˵
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תԭ·ء
֪뿪ã
ȥ־Ĺ޸˿ڣ
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첽뿪
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·ϣ˳쳣ûãߵ˵ظĳڡ
׿һظ˼Ƭ̣ת˳ȥ
Ĺ˵ûдﵽӦĸ߶ǰûʸ֪һЩ顣
߳ظУδüȥ֮ϣ״ˡ
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ݵķ񣬼Զ٣ǧٵȻ¡
Ȼһֱӱֲ£󽹺һƬ
죬˲ɣ
ٳɣæ
֮ϣƹ޾֮𣬻Ϊŭף


1415 ˼䣬ȥȥ
Ͻأ֪Ӱ۶󷽣״ֲġ
ǧټǵŭף޾֮УƬͣ
Դۣزݣ췣ͽߡ
٣ܿһһصףлŭ
٣Ī˵µ徳쾳ǿ߶
ԾҪ
䣡
֮ϣƹݺύ䡣
ӳأ󷽣ؾɽǧݲ
ǿ٣ǿɱԶλۼԴߡ
䡢䡢䣡
ϣƿգ谵䣬Ӱ۶תʧ
Ȼ֮ϣ׽޾׷ϣ·Լʶ
һһҹʱ䣬֪ӳ˶Զǰ׷ɱˣת֮䣬ֳΪ֮ˡ
֮ŭѵԹֵֻǣֱӱǧŭ׺У˸ࡣ
ɫŭֺޣȴ޿κΣ٣¾λǿҲס
ϽϣӰӹ˰պǰһϤϢ֣ȻңԶȴ֪
ܵǰϤϢһ¶ϲɫ
ԩ·խǾһܿɡ
˼ˣı䷽򣬼ٳǰȥ
ǧ⣬һϮµĸ꿴Զϵŭףüͷ塣
˭ڶɽ
ȻֻƬ̳ɣɫˡ
ڿ
󷽣ϣٿ
X
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⵽ʲô٣Ϊ˿¡
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˾Ѹۼ꾡ǰڼӿǰеٶȡ
ӣ
һ䣬ϸı䷽Ҫкˡ
㲻ɣ
󷽣һ׷һﳰ
ˣһȥ
겻ɵӣῴǰߵʲôĿģŭ
ˡ
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죬㣬ҲҪһƤ
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䣡
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󷽣״ֻĴЦȻЦδ価ͬŭ׺ȥС
һǰһӽµеɳͷٶȽµɫһ䣬æӡ
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缫֮أƣĵؽ磬˫Ŀǻ𺣡
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󷽣ͬܣǿ֮
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аʱ֮ܵɻδУʱһͷ
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ͬĽϼ䣬УɿֲĽȻײɢ֪Ӻη
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ˡ
սһˬ
ֲ̧ǲѪͬ𽣣㲻򡣡
ĿɨܣԴЩ
ʲôط
ͬΧ޾Ȼ֪ͷ֮·
ģʵ
֪
ܸɴĻشܣ㲻֪ʲôط𣿡
ôˣﻹ˵ϳܡҧص
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ѹеķŭӦ
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УĿߣѰҳ·
ȻպûзΧκα仯
磬·صľͷһзѲڣʱͿռ䡣
ôȥһҲȥ
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ʲô취ü
ĬãڵǴ˼磬˼ʱָʱʧڣͬҪָпҵȥķ򡣡
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Щͷۣǰȥָ
ˡ
ͻȻ۾һǻа
˼䣬ȥȥ
꣬ʵ
˼䣿
ɫһ֮˽˼䣬ֻһ취⣬֮·һôͶ̥ҪȥȥҲȥ
Űɡ
˵һ䣬˫պϣʼĸӦѰҰϢ
˼䣬δ֪֮أиУɫһ

˫ۣȫӦǰϢ
ͬĵؽ磬޾ʱգ˻ӦλԸλá
ҵˡ
ҷ˵תŸȥ
ȻЩģǣܸܵ
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󷽣״ɫһæȥ
ɣͶ̥Ҳȱǿ
ʮһú
㲻ˣ
һ߸·һʵ
¡
׳Ͷ̥ܱǿ
Ҳôġ
Ӧһ䣬ǰС
߾ʶķʽ˼䣬ݻȥǿԡ
ֻҪϵ˼ĺѣа취ٻص硣
֪ʧ羡ͷʱϽڣ죬춯صɢ
УһĨɫӰ߳󷽣ˡȸĻ֣Ƭ̺ΨһΪһ޴Ľɫ
翪һλ̫ƿס
У˵иУ߳񹬣ʻеӣ⡣
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УՕD˫ۣϣЦ
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֮أ
ՕDԣüͷ壬֮һƬΣ֮ĻȻţȥһ˽ӻء
˵꣬ՕDӰʧżϻȥ


1416 ·
ؾͷ޿ռ䣬ǰУѲ֪˶á
ܸ֪˼𣿲ƭҰɡ
˲֪ã꿴ӣڵ
žͱš
ûһƨ滹ô¡
²òͷ겻ò죬ظǰС
쵽ˡ
أܵӦԽԽɫ΢
¶ϲɫֻǣƬ̺ϵЦٶʧ
ôҪͶ̥𣬺ûʲôɸ˵ġ
˵Ͷ̥ǻм𣿡
꿴ˣЩ
֪ûͶ̥
¶ӵ
ôȥһҲ£ɻ
ֲ׼Ͷ̥ΪʲôҪ¡
ɫһͶ̥ôȥ˼䣿
ɽơش
аһָˡ
˽̸䣬ڣԶһĨ֣ҹе⣬˼䡣
ˡ
״һЦ㡣
˵꣬ӿٶȣٳǰȥ
󷽣ͥŲĸϣٶȷʵ˿ѷɫ
ǰУʱֵĵط
ǰģɿ磬·Զߣַ·ǰ
Ҫǰߣȴִ粽С
ô죿
¶ɫ
ҿ
Уɽ֣һնǰ
Ҳγˮ񽣣ǰ
ⱼڣۻƥλ徳Ľ֣Ҫһǰ·
ȻתĴ򣬾˽

˲֪ã۵һʱͣ¡
һԣҲֲͣϺˮ
ûа취ˡ
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֪
һ䣬ҵȻҾͲˡ
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󷽣оͿԪסǰߵ
˼䣬δ֪֮أĹڣֺУɭɭХ֮ڶ
δ֪֮أһλսεŮǿѹѿҪͻƵ徳
ʱδ֪֮ϿգһĨõӰ֣Ŀ⿴·Ůɫһ
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Ŀ⿴ǿգЩͷôԶ
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Χ޾ۣ޴УʮĿ
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ڣһλ첽룬һ񣬼ˡ
ϣԣɫһŵȥ
⣬УΧݵİպͽʿڵɡ
ԻǶ쳣·ˣ
ʱ첽Ϊ
ض񡣡
ڣ
ǣ

һ¡
ƽһ˥꣡
ԣ¶֮ɫ֮
ǧ֮⣬һٽʿҹǰȥֱ˳Ϊֹ˵
ɫһԡ
Σ
΢֣
̻ع񣬹Ӧ¡
պԴ⣬ٽʿʼ
ԴУλǱδյӰ졣
ȻʱһһչȥԴ⣬ʼղͣ£ٽʿӪկĿڸ󣬱㻻һ
ľһֱʮպԴУǳȻ˫ۣ¶ŭɫ
ʮˣЩ˼ƽϣûˣ
ģ
Զǧ俪ڣƽ
ƨӳȥʰǣ
ǳȥ
Դ⣬һʿˣһʿ󣬸Ҫ׼̱һǿԪɳȥ
һ̣Դſһµǳŭ߳ڶཫʿſھ
׳ǲǱɵˣԱŵ


1417 ѡ
ǧ⣬ٽʿַŭʮպԴŴ򿪣ǳŭ߳˵ھ
ʮˣʮˣ
УЩʲôǣôǿҵԹ֮ƨ붼֪ЩĶ
⣬һڽʿгˣֻĹ򣬱㱻˹Ѫͷ
ˣˣ
ٽʿ֮ףĽɫ¶ϲɫҲ˲ǰʲôʮˣ˳ˡ
󷽣ٽʿɫҲϲɫ˭ÿʲôɣһʮĿڸﶼܲˡ
λʿ˱ˣ
Ϊ׵Ľٽʿ
ٽʿ˵ش󺰼̽ʱʰߡ
ԴǰǳһĻɫ΢㡣
ô£
ιι߰ǳæ
Ȼżؼҵٽʿ˭ûᣬȥ
߰
ǳں漱˼䣬վвʵط֡
Ӵڿϳˡ
ʱϣһĨõӰƾԻ·֮ˣڵ
ϤУǳһϵӰɫһ
֪
ǳ¶ϲ֮ɫҪ˵·ʲôĿ⿴Զ뿪ٽʿ¶ŭɫԭĹ
ǹ˭Ҳûа취ֻܳ²ߡƤЦⲻЦ
ǳ´ϵֻ֪ô䵽˵زˣأ㲻Ǳ˰ɣ
ޣ
¶֮ɫͲҵãǴģֻͨʽ½硣
Ӵǵ֪еģ´ʲôЩ˰ɣǳһٶţ˵
Ǻǡ
һЦⷽԭ˳ҺѰæ
̫æ
ǳ˵һ䣬תҪԴȥ
𣬱𣬱º
ϣ¶ɫһСæ
Сæ
ǳͣ²ӣתϵ֪СôԼ·ƭأ˵ɣʲô£
űӣЩεұؾͷУҪָܻ磬ܲһ˰¹ŵأҵһյָ·ơ
һͬķǳָԴƽ
ôȥŭ
Ӧȥ
ǳһҳԶı飬Ӧ
ǰǷ飬˫ȭգǷ֮壬ȥСһ١
ȥǧǳҲæˡҧгݵ
ǣڡ
˵һ䣬Ҫ
ãҴӦ㡣
ϣæڣٴЭ
ⲻ͵ˡ
ǳתЦ棬ȥ¹ŵذţɰɡ
˵꣬ǳɢȥԴΧУ֪ˣɡ
Դڣǳص̾ѱչеˡ
ӻˣ
ϧֻع¶ϲ
һԣҲ۾֮ɫ
Сôˣ
ǧ
Դ⣬ǳ߳ûٶŰ¹ŵصķȥ
һţܻһԴֵ
ӡ
ԴڣϧСܳϵɫҲһ¡
ϧþò
ϣ·Ѿͷ΢Ц
ӣˣϧ¶֮ɫʵ
û£𼱡æȰο
Ӵ֪ôˣˣ
ʱǧҲ˳ֻ
ôúǳһС
㲻ȣ
󷽣µҲ֪߳ӺϽ¶Ź֮ɫ
֪ôˣ΢Ц
һѾ
п·ǿȥ綼һٶˡ
ʲôǧ
߱ߣ߶繷ش
ȿȡ
ǧؿһƣô˵ôãȥ˻Ǳ۸
ôš
󷽣߳΢Цֲû˵ǲ٣Ļͨˡ
㡣
ˣʵ࣬
ȥ磬ӵҰ˲١
ϵ֪Цôżȥǲ鷳ˡ
á
ӣ̣һʣһ
Ҿ֪û
أѾͷû𣿡
·ˣΨѾͷʵ
ء
شСѾͷﱾԴ׺أһ
Ҳǡ
ͷĳ̶ֳϣ͵һأû˸ǡ
֪˼λʱ޿ռ䣬꿸Ĵüζ㱻򻯳ɵĴ
ٲ͵ŸСүʬɡһܣһ
䣡
Ͽգٶ£ƾˡ
ɫһ䣬ٶһӭȥ
¡¡쳹ޣ걻ֱķɣȻһΪѵܡ
ǣѪȴǲƬͣ
˼䣬ȴգλʱ䣬˶ݡ
ǳζţ˼ʱѾͷ
Ϊָƣ·Сġǳѵڵ
ͷĿɨڳˣһһ
һǡ
䣬Ӱڿն𣬳ȥ
ӣһ·Сİ
·ϧкش
޿ռ䣬Խطƾ֮ĸӦȥ
Զ޿ռ֮ϣƲ䣬׷ɱꡣ
ǰ
¡һһαķɣǰӰ¶ϲɫһѽϵ˹ȥ
㣬ӿ챻ˣ
лˡ
ӹֱû֮С
ꡢ϶ΪһʱһǿϢΪһ⼫Զȥ
磬ϻՕDǰڵȷҪ𣿡
š
ͷ˾ʧǰ·̫ԶĻܿΪơ
˵䣬¹ڣ޾Ϊһ£
գ¶ȿֲޱȣՕDԳ໤ڱˡ
磬ＱУٶԽԽ죬ϣ޴Ƹ棬¡
Уݺᣬλ֣Ӳ
ײ˽ܴᣬĿ£Զ
ʱ羡ͷһҫ۶Ŀ

У𣬼
ˣ
Ӧһ䣬˼ǰжȥ
缫֮أڣӿȻΪՕDҲг
УȼԪȼ޵ơ
λ㾡ȫϧ۽֪
䣡
У˼ٷΪľһ̾ʶ޾ͷ¡


1418 Դ
缫ϣ޾򣬻ػΪ𺣡
УՕD룬Ϊ֪Ļعơ
ҫ۵»磬ȼԪһޡ
ڣ˼ۣ֪Ҫӳʱ֮ϣ޴ֱ޾ͷ
ΣՕDɫһԪӿע޾һƣӭȥ
ɿֲƬ𺣶
ǿ޿ƥУՕD˰벽ڣٶһƣ˴
ɱՕDΪһӲ˿塣
Уһ¹ڣΪƣ⻪ҫĿ
磬˼ӹޡ
䣡
ʱ磬򱬷ܣ޴գֱˡ
УλʽǿͬʱУӲ
¡һ£ر٣޼᲻ݣؾ١
һ֮󣬾ʧɢ
ڣǰˣɫл
ͺá
¶ο֮ɫӦ
ܻܲطģҪˡ
һԣ꿪ڣˬ
ǰˣɫ΢ʵ˾λǣ
סס
죬Ŀ⿴߰꣬ʵʲôţ

ҧгݵ
ԣՕDΧӿ𣬿ڵ뿪
䣬ՕDˣ񹬷ȥ
պ񹬣ǰՕD˹
Ŀɨ񹬣ȾټʵΪβȾӰ
ǰЩӣΪչس徳Ӧ
ô죿¶ȵ
Ⱦǵ徳ǿתٶȲԳӦ
ͷǺ£ϣȾһܹɹ
˾Ϣңأ˺£ǰӣڵ
һѾ
Щӷ˵ˣûʲô
жֵΡ
ՕDȻǽ࣬ǣദλ֮ٻЩ˽⡣
ĮȴǶԹһ֮ˡ
ظԭϽ
ՕDǰԣ΢΢
Dڵظ˽٣
ǰ֮ɫ
ࡣ
ՕDƽȻ磬ظ伣ʮأϹʱˡɣҴʱظʮֶʢϹ֮󣬵ظѸû䣬ʧǰ
ɫͷ
˾ʲô㣿񿪿ʵ
ںλ֮ıԴȫ徳Ӧ
Ҫ̤徳ҪԼķӳ磬·סՕDѵ
ɫ΢Լķӳ磿
˵徳ĹؼԼķΪ
飬ܹ
˾
񿪿ڣƽ֮Ϊͬ׵Ȼ֮֮УڽԣҪ徳ס
ԣüͷ壬Ŀ⿴ߵİ꣬ڵס޵Ҳǽô徳ģ
ԴʵᲢԽ쾳
һָˣ

ӵԣûм˭ܽӳƬġ
綫޶ʢҪ򽣣ȥߡՕD񿪿ڵ

Ŀ⿴綫ȥ￴ˡ
徳ĽӦôڣֻǣʱûܹՕDƽԣҪһ·гֵ׼
ס
ͷ֮·ûнݾȻѣҲ
Ҫȥһԣ￪ڵ
ô𣿡
ھңȥĻܻ鷳ѵ
ң
¶ɫʲô˼
ͥңһλ񽫲֪Ϊѳͥͥͨˡ
˭ȵ
ͥһ񽫣ꯡش
Ȼ
ՕD¶ɫ
̸˼ꯣһЩ̫İ
ͥʮ񽫣һսס
Ȼ磬꯶һľǿߣ֮ͥҲһѹסˡ
Щ¶޹أȥֻΪ˾ԼĽΪ
˼ˣĿ⿴ǰˣڵ񡢕D񹬷žսҪұ㲻ˣڡ
ôżϻˣȬ𣿡ȵ
ˣûд󰭡΢Ц
ՕDǰӣɫƽ鷳ǵȻ񹬡
ͷûоܾǰ֮ĺ⣬Ӧġ
˵꣬ûٶ뿪
״æȥ
ǰԶȥıӰһ̾
ҴҶҴҶȥ˾ʱͣϢһ̡
صģѲǳǰСȻδ徳һ쾳֣Ҳη塣ՕDƽ
ᵣĵǣֳ쾳Ķǿߡ
磬һصĵؽ磬ǿ߲ͬλ꣬ڴ֮ǰȾ֪һλǿߡ
ՕDĬ綫ȷʵһƬĵؽ硣
Ͻ½ϣͰһ·УŶȥ
ҪԽ徳𣿡
ǰе·ϣһһβӷʵ
㶼˵ڼˡ
û㲻Ҷˣ˵ʲô㲻ǸϽΪʲôҲҪȥ
Ƚȥ磬ᵱȻҲҪȥһȻ
Ҫ˵ʲôͻȻŲһ١
ôˣ
¶⣬˲Ϣɫһ䣬æˡ
һ̣һһǿϢӿҶֳء
ѹõԴٶȳ䣬Χ׻ȸĵԻм䷽λֲܣ춯ء

УХԴ£ѪӿƤֹѡ
˵ɢֱӱ˰ɣ졣
ʲô
￴ǰ¶֮ɫ
֣֮ͬϣиУҪٶȽ´١
·ǿһʹԪħԪԪͬʱӿԴ
Χݣ£ֱӱɢ
䣡
֮ϣ٣Ϻ·֪
һɹǿӿ

Уʹƺ𣬾Ի֮ϣһӶֱۡ
޵ɽӿԼ˶ɽ١
䣡
ʱٶ£俪赲֪ϡ

ϣ¶֮ɫһӭȥ
¡׻ȸ䡢롢ˡħһӰɳײ
ҵĳУһӰ٣롢ˡħƣȻ
۵Ĺ⻪𣬽ɢֲɡ
ȻһУɽأвϴϢ
֮ǿٴѹԴ
Զ￴ǰӣлع񣬿ڵ㵽ʲôôôµ
ǧٿ׵ĴϣϢãǿֲ̧Ѫ˵Ժ˵
λıԴʵ˵ıԴԽȻͬ໤ų⣬Ϊͷۡ
ô徳ıԴΪβǣֻҪеķ̤徳
˵ĵվԼĵ
Ŀ⿴򶫷߰ɣ·
һ޽쾳ҪԽ룬ִš
ˡ
૵
˼·º綫߽Ӱ֣۶
ˡ
￴ǰڵ
ৡ
ʱʣһɹҫĿ
ϣһλλ½߾Ȼɡ
ɫһĿ⿴߰꣬¶Ź֮ɫ
ʲô񣡡
Ǳȵβһ㣬ŵҪѱźЩᲢۣǶĽߡ
ǺһЦƤЦⲻЦ
䣡
Զսǿĳ𵴣ƾ쳣
磬ô𣿡
꣬ʵ
ǰͥѹţƽͥһѱ䣬ͥԹ˲ϾĻôྫ£ЩжԹĴ̶ʼ˶ԣͱ㿴ӡε
ȥ
˵һ䣬ӰӹٳŴսȥ
Ϊ԰ټ֮ԼĽȻ˴ܣȻܴ
ǧ⣬һ½ɷʮλǿĽΧһλŮӡ
ŮһԪ˰̣˰Ѫ죬һǽˡ
̫ˡզ

΢΢ޣĲ࣬Ϊѱɱ⡣
˼䣬磬ݡ
˻УԶĴڡ
æ𣿡
ˣڵ
ûҪɣЩ㹻´ˡӦ
ҵʶǣ
ΣյĹâЦ


1419 Ů
磬߽½ħսֲ쳣
ʮλ½ɣƮƮ鶯ɱеŮ
ŮһѪϸЩ˵ĽˣʮλɽɵĽѾû̫໹֮
ս⣬￴ǰսϸ۲콣ľ
⽣ףЩ½ݲڵ
ӽɡ
ɫص
Ŷ
ԣɫ֪Щ˵
ͷʶ󣬴ӽɵĳ棬ʮ־ˣŮˡ
ǵδء
˵䣬У˽Իɫ⻪תһС
ʱԶսУһ𣬽ս֡
Уʮλ½ɫһæ˺
ģŮ״¶ϲɫæսȥ
ӣ
ʮλ½УλнߵĽ¶ɫӰӹŮǰ·
ǰ·裬Ůϣһţ£ˡ
ͬʱӽǿĽƿնȻŮ
˲Ϣ䣬󷽣һλλ½ٶɽŮ
ս⣬üͷ΢΢һ塣
Ůûӵ
ˣЩɣλħ𾪵
·ƽε
ȻЩǿ˵ôΧһҵȻҪŮˡ
ǳ
ôˣ͸ĵ
⡣
ɫһ֪ô
ħˣ֮ⶼʦŽ̸ĻҲûлɹ
Ҫæˡ
䣬һ̤ǰսȥ
УʮλɸܵԶǿϢɫһ
Сġ
λнߵİ½ɿڣѵ
˲ϢĹλ𾪵ĿУһĨ׷Ӱ뽣֮
λһʤ߼λѾˣǾһɡ
Χλ½ɣ¶΢Ц
Ǻˣ
һλ½ɿڣ
·ͨ˶ѣΣɷҴλ뿪չֳõ̬ȣ
У
һλ½ɿڣ
λϲû˵ѪɼδˣλΪβһ΢΢һ˿⣬
Ϊû˾ˣܱ֤ԺҲẦ𣿡λ½ɿڣЦ
ܡ
΢䣬Ȼұ֤ˣλǲһ
㣡
ǰڵİ½ɱҭĲᣬɫ£ʲô
ƲԳԷơ
˽⻪ʢһƿնȻɳڲİ½ɡ
У˼״ɫȫһ䣬Ԫᣬ׼Ӧս
Ůұˣ˭ܹὣǰɫĮ
λԣɫԱѿ쳣ⶫ磬һô˵
Ůͬһɱˣ
ģλ½ɿڣӰӹٿս֡
ӣߣЩ˲ܶԸġ
Ůɫȱ仯գԼ嵲ǰллӵĺ⣬ֻǣµһ
֣һ𣬿ڵʲô֣
¡Ůش
ĬƬ̺ߵŮǰһ˵Ĺơ
ұˣ
˵䣬ӿֲĽѹӿ
ս⣬״ɫ΢䣬һ𣬾Ƕɱ
УɢһӦʮλߣһϢѹˣ˿·硣
ǰδĶ֣ʮλ½ɫ仯βƶӦС
ӣȻ֮𣬽ģֳ˽Ӧӽ֮
⽻ǿ죬˫ĿѼУʮλ½ӰԽԽ죬ɱǿС
Ȼٶֺ֪֮ξκˣһ˵أĪ
Ͼ֮ɫû뵽ǰ֮˻˾˵Ϊ
ӽ󣬾ȻħĸֶҪޣǰӹһˣԼռϷ硣
ռ⣬ɫֱ䣬вԥ
ǲ
ǸܰӽǶһĴ̣ͥҪֱ棬һȻʵǡ
ȥүġ
һᣬָ𽣣˲ս֡
ȥɣ
ģǰİ꣬΢΢һ˼
ս֣λ֣ӽ̳֮ƣһλλ½ɱɳȥѪ
ʱսУȻûм½߻վ￴ŵһĽɣ¶֮ɫӽɣˡ
㲻ô˵ġЦŽϵף
㲻˵ллˣҵ̨û
ǡ
Цл߰ɣȻӽɵĸǰ鷳ˡ
ӻ鷳
ﻰǿӲȴǿٳǰȥ
ЦЦȥ
󷽣Ҳ첽ϣоǸм֮ɫ
⣬¿ǰ׷ӣ¹л
أ֮Ͷѡ
ǰŮؼҰɣҪٱôץס
ԣˮҵļ˶ɱˣ޼ҿɹ顣
ԣɫһĿ⿴߰ꡣ
Ҫᡣ
εļֲɱģҲˣһƬңĪ˵˵Ҳˡ
üͷ統˼仹Ҫҡ
˼ߣÿ˶ɻ߳ⲻ֪˼䣬粢ûʲôͬ
ܸ𣿡
¿ǰ׷ӣٶ¹

ǰŮԴЩۣԼ鷳ˡ
һԣֻؿţҲ´
ӽǶˣĪ˵һŮʮҲûʲô
ţ
ͻȻɫһŮץֱۡ
״һһﲻɫİɣ
ŮҲʶһ飬ҪѣȴǷôҲ
Ҷ
һ䣬ڻԪûŮڣѰҷŲϢ
ŮڣйŹ֡
ʱҲԾɫصؿˡ
кβ𣿡￪ڵ
ڣбµķӡ
ӡ
ԣ¶ɫһССŮ˭·ӡ
ȻѰãȴûܲ鵽ӡľλãֻԼֵܵķӡ֮
֡
´ǰŮȴҲûпʲô쳣
ͬʱ磬ͥУƣ翣̵֮ޣϯ䣬Ů裬Ȼˡ
ϯ֮ףӽһƣһ߿ǰ裬ͻȻžƱһ΢΢
Ƭ̺ӽоƱְߵĹŽϡ
к𣿡
ϣ֮ͥиУĿƹʵ


1420 
ͥϯ䣬ӽܵӽƣְǰŽǰ
֮ͥиУ·ģӽʵôˣ
˵С¡
ӽɫһʱһޱȵĽƿն½ȥ
˵һ޾ʱգ·硣
Ұϣ׼ǰУͻȻɫһ
ֻϿգһ޴ĿռѺƾն֣ռѺУһ˵Ľնʱգ
״ɫһ䣬ǣӽ
ߣҲܵĿ£ȫעԻ
ɽٳһƿգӭС
䣡
ӽɽֲĽײʱҡضǧ⣬ɽӦݣʯ׷ɣס
ײ·£¡¡𶯣Ѻӣݺύ
˵һУѪֻһн棬·硣
ߣ
һԣɫ£Ůܴ֪Զȥ
ǧ⣬ͣΣ￴ӣ
ް
Ԫӿ޸ơ
ʱĿ¶һĨԵ˷ܡ
Ľǿˡ
֪ǵԺˣ߰꣬ʵ
ӽ
ɫص罣ϵһˡ
ԣɫӽɵˣ
š
ͷ˽Ϊɲ⣬пܳΪһӳ֮ˡ
ô˵ṳ̂徳
ûС
ףӦⲢ˲ǿ෴ӽնɱĵ徳Ѳֹһˣӽɲȱ徳ǿߣӽЩˣɼʵĿ¡
ͷһᵽʵǿ٣λӽʹȺЩĶǿߡ
ͥӽܵһδɱˣɫͬɫ
İĽǿߡ
˼ˣӽϯλ֮ͥڵ»£һˡ
˵꣬ӽΪһ½ȥ
λϣ֮ͥüͷ壬ȴҲûж˵ʲô
ϯ䣬һλȴǿӽ޼ɵΪվλӽʵ̫ˡ
λϣֹ̧֣֮ͥǰ߼˵ȥɫƽӽм£üƽϡ
ǰڵĶ˫ȭգòٶ
ΪӽͻȻ뿪ϯһʱó֮ͥĿ⿴·λɵޣ¶΢Цλؾн޾λһ

·һλλѾõĸ̾Ҳд󣬷׷ٱླ

ʱ·һλ񽫿첽꯵١
ţ
λϣ֮ͥɫ£

񽫹Ӧ
ϯ䣬λԣһۣнɫ
Ըǰ꯴أ
һλ俴ֻʮ
߳аգ
֮ͥǰ꣬ɫӦ֪꯵Ϊ
ͥһ񽫣߳ʵȻ꯻в㡣
Ըһͬǰ
ϯ֮ĩһ쳣޴Ķ񽫿ڣӣ
֮ͥԣ˼Ƭ̣ͷǴʮһͬǰȥɱ⣡
ǣ
ϯ䣬߳λͬʱתȥ
˼֮أһλɫףݿʵǰС
ʱϣƴ
УһǿϢ֣Ϊˣʵȫڵ徳֮ϣǿ춯ء
ͥλ׽ͥ
·꯿Ͽˣüͷ塣
ꯣȻȥ
߳ǰһ·ӣ
ôϻʲô
ʮǰһֳ˫
ɵľ񽫣˫£յľġ
䣡
ֻһ춯صľ·Ӧ٣ѿǧ֮⡣

Цʲôһ񽫣ڻǱһҳ
Сģ
ǣϣ߳ɫһ䣬ѵ
ֻս·һֻ޴ֱһӣ˦ȥ
䣡䣡
Զһһɽ壬ʯ׷ɣ޴
ôˣֻӡ
ɫĮ˵һ䣬Ŀ⿴ʵ߳ڵȻˣְɡ
ʮǰ߳ɫ£գһ泤ǹƾն֡
ɱ
һȣ߳ӰЯ׹֮ƣն·ͥ
·Уеֱ֣ӭȥ
λǿĶ񽫽֣ǹе裬ƴȴޱȡ
ӰŲɽ֮䣬棬ݡ
˵ľģɴܣ˹
ͬʱһˣҲܵԶ˵Ĵսͣ½Ų
ִˡ
￴Զ֮սڵ
ꯣ
¶ɫʵ
š
ͷͥһ񽫣ʵɲ⣬ֵıеڶĶ񽫣߳Ϊͬڵ徳ʵ䲻ꯣȴҲ̫ࡣ
ͥһ׽λ𣿡
Զս֣΢΢𣬵һ͵ڶеʱ򣬿ƲĲ࣬ʵȴر
һǵһԶԽ
ᡣ
϶Ԯֻǻûгְˡ
ԶսϿգʮУ·ս֣ɫ쳣
񽫵ͥ˵λȫ֣õλ񽫡
Ǽ٣ǲöֻ֪ǣȥ߳񽫴ȷʵࡣ
սУ߳ꯣսʮغϺ߳ȻȾ졣
еǧȴᡣ
ӲХڣսֲ߳һȣ⻪ڶ
ǿУ߳Իǿͨͷ­ֱ˵ķ࣬쳣
ͷۣǰĴͨ䡣
ֱ߳Уǹ籣ֻȦ֮䣬Ʊɫ
ǰ񽫼״ɫ仯һ̤ܳӭϡ
ս¡¡쳹Ӧʩչͨ߳е裬籩꣬˿Ӱ졣
䣡
߳Уͬʱײеֲĳս֡
һ̣·ɽУһ޴Ӱֳ־޴˫ٶ¡
ͻĹƣûüӦֻ˫£Ȼͥһȥ
¡һ·أһ޴ӳ֣˷ӿڱߡ
㻹
ϣŭ֮ɫ
Ҫ⣡
ǰ߳˵һ䣬Ŀ⿴·ɫ쳣
Ǽҡ
Զ⾪˴ս̾
˶֮ˡ


1421 ӽ
磬ͥңλ񽫴ʮ½磬ɱꯡ
ͥһ񽫣սףƵ߳
Σһ̣ͻȻ֣˫䣬꯺ء
ϣ߳񽫿·ɫء
꯵ʵܱһʹ򵹣ǲܴ⡣
ȻϣɳɢȥһĨս׵Ӱ֣Ǻˡ
񽫼״ɫһ䣬һǹ
񽫣겻ʵ˿ûг
λڿնͬĸ߶ȣĿ⿴ǰ޴磬
ɶ񣡡
ܲ˼ľ¶ŭɫ˫ٶǰȥ
ɣ
󷽣ͷ۵߳ɫ䣬ȵ
Ȼ߳ѾΪʱ̫һ˳ǰľֱе˫һǰȻټ
һ̣꯳֣ץס񽫣ֱӳʵʮȥ
һӰЯ꯾޴ġ
ʣʮ״̽Ӳľ޴Ӱ
䣡
ʮ֮ϣʱѪ׷ɣꡣ
ͬʱʮܵķɣѪ
սУ߳񽫼״ٳɣӰǣꯡ
߳ΪαҪΪⸯͥЧ
꯻е߳಻Ĺƣƽ
Ϊ񽫣͸Чͥꯣȥ飬һΡ߳һ߹һ߳Ӧ
ͬΪıҪȥȴɡ
꯵˵һ䣬ٶϻһɫ⻪ڣתΪʼ
¡һУе£ֱӽ߳ȥ
ĳУ߳ٶȳͷܣȫӭսͥһ񽫡
ۼ߳ռƣϣʮٳɣ̼ս֡
ʮ֣ϣڣʮ˽ɴѹ񽫵
ߣ˫е֣˫ַƣһɿֲΪκ˵

ʮУƺͬʱȻʮλħǿ֣סս˵ͥһ񽫡
ϣشľٶʷȥ
ϣɫ̧Ԫɫӣһ䣬ʯ쾪
¡һ·δüսֵľٶһȥ֮С
֮ͥϵ֮ͥǰ񾳣üͷ
Уӳ½Ĵսλ񽫣ͬʮ޷еùѱꯡ
߳;λƺ·硣
ϯ䣬һλһ̵Ϲħڣƽ
ϣ֮ͥ¶΢Цްϵ綷񽫣ȥ󡣡
ǣ
ϯ䣬һλɫս׵ŮӰΪɫ磬˲ʧ
λ񽫳֣ʣһɫƿնٶȿ쵽¡
ϵ綷񽫣ٶǿսս֡
սҰ֮ϣԶսͻȻӿʣ¶ɫ
һ
ϵ綷񽫡
һԣ￪ڣɫص
λٶ񽫣ʵ

ͷλ񽫲ٶȼ죬ıҲͬˣдǣƣҪսˡ
ǵδء
ĿƹսٶȣսйȻҪҲûӦ֮
ٶȵ˽⣬ϲκˣǣûսȻӵмһ
Զϣʮ꯶񽫾˵һȫܴҲ֮־ҵĲ
սУ߳ƾͷ۵Ĵͨų֣ǿ꯿籩Ĺơ
·һһαľ񶼽ŭģһγ𣬼ս֡
һ߹ǰеԪ˷
˾죬ֺ飡
֮УطƣսУ߳񽫼״ɫ΢䣬һȣڣΪϵǰ
߳վ̫ˡ
¶һĨĮ΢Цתֱӳ·ľȥ
춯صһ£ƿң·ɫ䣬ĸо
ǧһ̣֮Զɫ籼ڶΣյһ˲ܿһơ
䣡
·ڴϣʱݣӦ䣬ֲľˡ
˾칦
Զ꯶ʩչĹ΢΢
˼䣬Ҳⲿħľ죬Ĵ˷
ԭⲿǿĹ硣
ϵ磬û뵽Ҳˡ
Զս֣꯻׿ź󷽵Ůӣƽ
ͥꯣʧ
ϵ綷񽫿ǰӣŭ֮ɫ
һ̾ûж˵е֣ĿɨΧϵλ񽫣ڵضԣһɡ
ϵ綷ɫ΢䣬̤Ӱ˲ʧ
ৣ
һ˲֮ϵ綷ǰУ֣ǽǵһתΪɱ˶
ѪУǰʮľΪɱ¾쳣
׼꯽˰벽ܿѪУеӹǿƻС
䣡
ϵӰܿƣǰƿնֱƽһɽ塣
棬һ糤һǿһһգսУλǿĶ񽫳ַԼƣһ߳ǧһ硣
ٶȾ棬ǣƣ˭Ҵ⡣
˽ֵһ̣߳λҲսִ֣սͥһ񽫡
¡𣬲ܵѹƵꯣƣֻܷӳ߳Ϊ

ѪлϣһĨѪɽս׶Ⱦ졣
սֳбϵλռϷ硣
ս⣬ǰ
սˣ
ؼλ񽫵֡
ֻǣսֵǷʶ㣿
ͥȻһЩֶΣҪˡһԣ
λɷŮ
ʱϣһƽ𣬴˶С
ȻԣӽһĿȻʡ
һ̣ϣӿ˵Ľѹ˷ӿ
˲Ϣ󣬽УһλռΪٵӰֳֹ߳Žǿ𾪡
ӽ紫˵ĽߣԽ١

Ȼˣɫһ䣡
һԣܵ˵ĽѹɫҲ
Ľѹʾλ˵еӽˡ
ϣӽ־֮ɫʶˡ
ӽĿˣݳ·ȥƻĲȴһһ̤УصԴϢ
ǰδĴ˵ߣ磬ȻͥҪ񳯣׳Ϊ֮¶λߡ
Ұϣɫͬʱ£һڣֿĿֲѹ


1422 ӽ
磬ӽ٣ǿĽѹϯ˷
紫˵еĽߣȻδ徳ʵѲѷɫ
Ů뿪
ӽֳ񽣣δʣѹȻѹΧվŤ
£˿
ǰӽڵ
СһЩ
Ҳܵǰӽǿɫǵһ䣬˳ս֡
ǲ㽻ˡӽɫƽ
ȻˣȻٽƽ
أ
ӽĿ⿴ǰߵİ꣬ʵ
¶Цε˵㡣
ˣҲá
˵䣬ӽУӽʣɲǼ䣬֮ϣƴɫѸ¡
սΧѹ̱óأ˲ϢӽХ졣
ӽצƣ֮ġ
춯һӽϣҫĿһնա
ǰɫ£ӿѪУԻӣֱۡ
Ѫ־ܣ񱩵ɷϹɽ
һնâƿգ֮ϣԼ۶ۼ䣬Ȼײ
һ̣˵ΪģƬҰʼ޾ӣֱ֮⡣
սģɫɫϯֲϢ˷
λ߽棬䣬١
ս⣬ܵսನ˳벽Զ£ɫ΢Ӱӹǰһɢӿྡྷ
´Ӿлعӻڲϲ
Ŀ⿴ǰսɫء
ӽʵνĸ֣ǿѷһ
սУӿĳ£ӰԻս֣֮Ѫ䣬·硣
ͬڰ벽쾳ӽ꣬һΪ黯Ȼ쾳ǿߣƥС
Ȼս鼫ΪḻȴµĻϣ·硣
ӽ鴫
·磬ȴû˿ɫȻӽĽпӳصĽôܴˣҪ¡
Ҫæ𣿡ս⣬￪ʵ
ʱá
һ䣬һȣٶȱһ塣
񽣡
ǿǰѹڵԴ֮׻ȸ䣬ӰԻм䷽λХ죬֮
ǿıԴ֮ԴԴϻۣһϢ仯׷˲Ѫ졣
֮һӳǧ¡
º췢ҫ۴ĿڷԴ֮Ѹٷ棬ƣ춯ء
Ӱٶӳ籼ףš
ӽüֳӽɫӲսǰ֡
н棬ţ˴ϴ򵽵£ӰӰݺᡣ
ٶȣӽ
ս⣬￴ǰս¶ɫ
ǧһ
սУӽԪһնʯ쾪
޴Ľֲܣݡ
ǰϢ仯ħԪӿħȼգս֡
ħԭ
ħһعۻɺչ־ܡ
һ̣ռ䣬ȻײǿޱȵನӦˡ
֮ƽɫ˭ûռϷ硣
ս⣬ɫԽء
Ҳӽ
ⳡսǰһߵľ
ϣһֹӰٶӳ⽻ɱԡ
ϢϷ仯ֹת޶ȵķӸơ

ǰ֣˾ޣӽ׶£ָһɫƿն
Х죬ݺᣬӽӲһУ˰벽졣
һռţӽӰӳӽնƾˡ
Ӱӽ󣬽תǧѩѹǰߡ
ԵתףƬӦ⣬ذס
ӽɫ΢һӲС
Ȼһӽɢƿնһѩһ̣һɫǿ쳣
ţ
ӽɫһˣȻȻһ
ɫӽʶһʹȻġ
רնʶ͵նܣδӦӽ׶ܴ
ȣ
ʹӽһȣڣѹʶĲ
һ̣ǰӰ羪ףǿ죬ǿ죡
Ȼʧӽˣ·硣
⽣ߵľսһһʽܳΪıսֵĹؼ˴սУһһη仯ս˽Ųѡ
һ˶ʵ
¶޷֮ɫɫû̫ɣ֪ӽʵԲֹڴˡ
Ȼ˼δ䣬սУ˵ӽнɫ⻪׽ǰн켣
ɽӽָ½棬ӽն£ǿƻС
Σһ˲۹֮ձܿɱС
Ȼһƣսٶȷתӽнƺ£಻
ɽ֡
ƣɽնӽֱۡ
ﬣ
ײѷɫ
ʽˣҪתսٴƽɫרע쳣֮սָָ
飬˽ϾۣͬĶ֣ḩ׳Ƴ
Ȼһ֪У˽ָӡڶԷ֮
Ѫɽսַֿٲ룬סΡ
ӵˣӿƣ
ǿǿľףԽǿĶ֣˲Լս⣬һ⻪ҫĿ


1423 
ս֣ӽ˫ҫŽɫ⻪ϸ΢֮䣬һС
ãһ˲֮Ӱٶʧ
죬죬߶˼٣ٶȲҪƽǰֵĶ֮ܡ
ӽ΢΢𣬽ɫУٶȷ·ŻӰԼɼ
һ˲֮䣬ӽһӰǰһն¡
ƿգӰӦ١
ţ
ӽüһ

ʱӽ࣬һͻȻ֮ǰ֡
Σһ˲ӽǿ׽켣̺ˡ
һӽֱٶȾ죬Σյһ̣ܿҪ
ǰӰ£ɽӹٶȱɱ
ӽнὣС
ȻһڽٶײٶǿռƵȴȫƽǰߵ
죬ȴǲ죬Խؼ٣ԳĶ졣
Ӱ֮ʧԴӿϴ߶˼١
죬죬еȫӳٶȡ
أտʼŤ֮ϣʱվȻû
죬ܸ죬ȼڷԪٶڴﵽһֲĵز
أΧʱվǷ·ͣš
˲ϢĻᣬǰһն顣
ۼҪ֣ԶһƿףȻ͵ʱա
Ѫɽһġ
ͻıһַ⾳ǿкԴƽҲ˲䱻ơ
ǰʱָӽнҲǿƥƣֱնǰ֪
ǿѹƣǿӽֵ
ȻһӴ׹֮С
ս⣬лع񣬲׷һ̷ʲô
֮ң⣬֮ͥսüģ֪ʱ۾֣ĿУҫ۵ƿգƾˡ
ϵӰӹ֮ձܿ⣬Զ
˭û뵽֮ͥսᲨһս֣ؼʱ̣Ӿֹʱպսȫ淢ת
ϣӽȻûпղŷʲôǽߵıȴһ˲Ҫˡ
һ˲Σ״̼˽ϻеĽӽһȣɫοӿ
ɲǼ䣬սУֲĽѹضѹ֡
Զ֮ϣͥλҲܵɿµѹսַֿĿ뿴
ɽѹǣӽ
羹ܽӽ˳̶ȣʵ˼
սУΧüĵֻ۾ɫ¡
ڸղţƺаӽһѡ
Ҳǣӽ˿ҪΣˡ
˼ˣ꯽һ̤ٳȥ
ϵ磬ס
߳񽫼״̺ȵ
ϵ綷񽫻عӰҪ꯶񽫵Ĳ
ÿ
꯶üģ֮Ŀٶҫ۵⣬ϵ綷һ̱á
һ˲֮꯶Ӱӹǰжȥ
սΧʮ˻ܣҪӻǰ߽Ų
Ȼʧȥλ񽫵ǣƣǣ꯲еӹʮŻ졣
ߴսԽңһͣ͵ʱպԴϢӿƽ⡣
ѣԾǿѹԴսսӽ
ϣΣӽױ˿֡
Ҫ֤֮ʱõս˼䣬ӽ֣֮һԲ
֮ӽչֳǿĽÿһһɫ֣ͬ޵С
սУƹ壬ս½ȫ汬ӽơ
ʾʹܣУɽ죬ӦǰС
ϣ̫ͼ֣תϢתϢӳ˫֮
㣬ȣ
ϣӽ¶ŭɫһɫ£ϳļޡ
·УѪԳų֡
ؾʽޣ
ܾ־ԣһսɲ˫ˡ
ǴУһڶݺύ޾

Ǵӳ֣о޾һƿգӦ
һ̣ǧ𣬽Ӧ
ϣӽһ֮ͬܣԵĽһݻǧ
¡¡ڶֲĴ𣬺ܽƬضû

սУƺأǿֹסơ
̫һ
̫һ֮豹棬Ԫδһ˲ҡؼ䣬תһٶȷ˶
ϣӽɫһӽӹɫ̳¡
䣬䣬䣡
̫һ֮޼ޣƿһһɫµĽǰδ
ȻܴԴȫ̫һ֮վ
ĽƣնһһɫѸټ
ڣ٣նҲǿһʱƾɢ
ϣɫû⣬ٳ·ȥ
죡
ϣ˫ϣһȣ

뿪֣֮˫ƿնΪ⣬ʡ
ϣ˫纳һһγĽɫӦ٣һ죬նϿյӽ
ϣӽֱ̧֣ӵ½硣
ǿ֮ĩɽ׹֮ϡ
ʤѷֵĽ֮תء
ӽӰĿ⿴ǰߣƽǿߣ᲻˵һα֮ԡ
ӽӹƾ춯صһնǰ֪
ǿһֱӣȻѶ
˭ã
ȣ
ޱϼޣһŭȣһǿںʱˡħʽȻͬҳһѪ

սŭȵ


1424 ս꣡
磬۽ʱ˳ųֵļޡ
ӽһ˲İΣ׼еĽ֤֮ʱļ֣ƣƾ춯ء
Σǿ֮Ȼͬ
ţ
սУӽ״ɫ΢һ̤֡
ХףӽУӽԻ֮ܣնǰ֡
ӿѪУӽȻһӽ
ɽѪȾ£˼ȴǲȴ벽գԶصɽٶȷɻء
ɻնرߣӽָ½죬ǰߵĻ
̤˫Ƴɽǿžӽײǰɽ塣
һ̣Ȼ죬ؼ䣬޴һһɽ屻ֱײ飬ɽʯꡣ
໤ӽԪᣬָΪƣкǰߡ
Ƽܣս֣֮һȭȥ
ް֣ʴ
ѪȾɽ壬֪˭˵Ѫҵս֣Խȡ
нɱУԲȫĹӦսӽ֪Ǵ·磬սȴҫ쳣
ս⣬ﻤ¿ǰɫ쳣
ӣҪƴ̶ֳȣ
ӣ
󷽣²ϰ󣬵
û֣
ǹƽһսû֣Բ֡
ҲߵĽݽ
Уĩ췣
սУħ죬գħӿ޴ĺɫħնǰӽ
ʵ޽
ħ٣ӽһȣХ󣬽ҫĿ
УһӲħ
˵ĳɫֱƿħ۹ɫǰ֪
ݺ
ɲð벽ħڣһħӿԻȻײϽɫΡ
ҵĴըģϣѪȴƾŲħӲǳ¼
󽣽磬ۣ
ǰδĽϵ֣ͬноɣɫӿ
УһѪɫ֣֮޾
֮УӽΧѪɫɫ΢
ǧٴӼ죡
ǰǿĶ֣ӽҴ⣬ֻ棬ʱѪȾ񽣣ԽֲĽѹϯ
УɫȾѪɫХ֮
Ŀ䣬ϣɫȾѪӽն£Ȼһֱն硣
䣡
е֮λĽֱ߽ײѪɽꡣ
ʮӰһһɽ壬ѪȾٷ塣
ǰ֪ķͬӽʮֲܣѪ
ûԤϵĲһսӽһȾѪǰĴݣײ
ϣƵľɫǿޱȣսʤĶ񻰣Ȼܴɲ
ս⣬￴Զӳ¡
Σվ
ԶɽУһѪѪۣս˫ŭ
ϣӽĿ⿴ǰߣˣڱУԸһǿ
䣬ӽὣǰȾѪӽ˵Ĺ⻪ѾǿޱȵĽ񻰣һ̣ǻڲ
ɽУһȣΧĿɽͬʱ֣Ľٶۡ
ĽӦ߻ֲͬڵıԴɽ֮ϡ
ɲǼ䣬Ŀɽ֮ܣҡ
ҵһսԶڸǿߣǰՕD߳Ŀ⿴򶫷磬
Ǵ˾
һԣ񿪿ڣ¶һĨ΢Ц˾һսĽ֡
˷𣿡ՕDĿӶƽ
ŵϦԣڴ˾ǽУһС˾Ľܵǣ̫࣬ôΣгһգ˾ĽһеһΡ
գһֱȴһ졣
磬ĿĽ죬ҫۡ
սվ֣λľ߽ԱǿĽ⣬ĿĽ⣬յû谵ض
У
սУĿɽ𣬿ֲĽѹֱƲ㣬֡
ǰӽͬ˿壬ӽɳƣΨһ
ǧٴ޽
ǿУ˸ϣɽѹȻײ
˵һĻϣɽѹ𵴣ǽ¡
ʱ·ڣѹƵԴٶȱƺУһѪӿ
ʣֵĽѹ˲˱仯ײĿɽɵĽ󣬳·ѹ
Σһ˲ɽٷɻأл
ɽһ˲ɽ֮ϣѺ۳֣ɽٶȱ١
Ȼһɽ۶ϣƬ׷ɡ
ɽȥϽܣУ̺ѪȻֲĺ
սУʱտٶᣬֹ
˲Ϣ󣬾ɫӦ飬ನɢӽܵѪɽ
һѪˣʮ⣬ӽǿסΣĿ⿴ǰأ¶𺳡
ϣĿڲȱɽأ⻪쳣
ɽм䣬һѪȾ£粽Уһսȴɲ
ӽɫԽأǰ־˵־
ǰ֪Ⱦ죬ƺȴûС
Ȼӽȴ˿Ҵ⣬Ԫᣬƿն¡
ӿΪһɫӿ
޷ǿʶȴǴ߶Ϊӳ
֮᪻һѸٱ٣ѵӽ
ƿգ
ܵٲ
Ѫ£Ⱦ±Ĵء
ս꣬ɻȼգΪߣݡ
أ£Ĵؿʼ߽⣬괺
𶯣΢ңľʼҡ
ţ
ӽиУɫһ
ɽѹ
˼δ䣬սУһǰδĽɢң
޼ޣҶΪΪΪ
ľҶƮ㣬Ŀ֮䣬ƿն
ӽڣ߽⵲ؽ⡣
޾Ľ⣬ʼգӽڽУԽء
ٲľ룬·𲻿ԽӽǰѽԵˣɫľ֮ԽŨ
Ķֵ֣𾴡
ս⣬￴ǰս֣˫ֽգǿѹ³ֵĳ嶯
ʱûаܡ
ˡ
ĿڲƵɽҡս
ȻѲȱսɲˣˡ
Ŀɽм䣬ѼԵ֪ƺܵɽս֮ٴſ˿ڡ
𽣣


1425 ս
۽罣ߴ˵ӽǿƷѣ֪Σ
شһѴ粽Уһսȴɸ߰ս꣬춯ء
ؼ䣬ɢ֮ﾡ
ΧĽܵ˲ս⣬ܵӰ죬༤Ҳս
𽣣
֮羪ף쳹أĽȻȱ൲סսĿ
ৣ
ؼ䣬Ľƿն֮ӰҲѪĳ裬⾪
Ľƣм䣬һѪȼգ罣еҫ۶Ŀ
ǰӽܵǰϾ˵ս⣬ɫ£ӽɳǰ
һ̣ӽ˫ֽգѪʣԴԴû֮С
˵ľǰδеǿ֣ӽѪǿĽ
ѪûӽУɲǼ䣬ѪĹ⻪ֱأǿޱȵѹһȦһȦ
ս⣬ܵ˽ѹĳòٶȥ

¿˫۽յӰоǵǡ
ǰͬɫһΣ
壬ܳųּʱ
ս֣ϣλǿĽԴԴע뽣С
һϰһĽҲΨ֮ȻǿĶ֣˿˰벽

֮У豹棬»صԼѧʱıģ˫ָ죬ָ¡
һУر٣ָ֮㡣
棬ӽͬʱ˫ȭһգѪٱѪɫΣΪſƿն
ĽɹſӭϣսĺȻײ
һУսģֲѪɫμӣ֮ܣġ

ӿѪɫУƺӰɳײһһɽ塣
֪˭ʤ˭ܵһսս⣬ɫԽأȴĽ
ͬķ򣬱ٵɽʯУӰͬʱȾ졣
ܵӽȻܣȻ֪һ಻κˡ
ƽ֣
üͷ壬ŵ
䣡
ڴʱϣĵ⼲۶ӰԿ塣
ͥλǰ꯶Ӱӹֱӳ֪֮ȥ
һߣӽλ֮ͣüͷ
ͥĶ񽫣
Ϊλ
⣬ɽʯУ꯶Ŀ⿴ǰűվӰ
óҵս⣬޷ˡ
֣ʱԶһƿնǰߡ
֮Ŀ⿴ǰ񽫣꯶񽫣㲻ܶ
ûж⡣
꯿ǰ꣬ɫţλСֵܣԲŻǰһ֡
Ŀ⿴ǰλ񽫣ڵ꯶񽫻취ȽԼ鷳ɡ
ƹĿ⣬һĨɫ
ûûˣ
еأһȣۻԪӿüĴʢ
˲ϢƿնһΣƸʤǰ޴ķΧֱನԲ
ǰλĶ񽫸ܵǰֲɫһ䣬̶ܡ
ȻⷶΧ̫㣬λδܼʱܿС
¡һҵĳУλֱӷɳɽ֮¡
սУüģһĨѪ£Ȼž춯صһУ쳣
ߣ
˲伴ŵĻᣬݳɣ꯶񽫴ǰˣѸȥ
⣬λǱĿ⿴Զȥ꯶񽫣Ҫ׷ϣȻ
Զӽûٳ֣Ŀɨɫ쳣
ɨˣ
սţӽҲûսȥ£תȥ
֮⣬޾ԭʼɽУ꯴ʱϢ
Ƴأ뾡ˡ
꯿ǰˣ
ûж˵ǰһָԪԴԴû֪ڡ
ǰ꯻λ׷
վһԣĿ⿴ǰоǵ֮ɫ

ԼĪʱһƺӽɢƳ⡣
춯صһս֪ش֮УȻħ˲ˡ
գħӿħѸ޸ƣħԻüϣħྡԡ
ħ
꯶񽫸ܵǰϰħüͷ塣
ϢƽħΣΪͥ񽫣һѳͥ
꯶񽫳ĬȷˣΣħΣվһûκ
ꯣʱҲˡ

Уƺٴ𣬽أһ˫Ԩ
￴ǰˣĿɫ
ħһˡ
һħӿʱԾϢ
ꯣڣƽ
ǡ꯶񽫵ͷ
ǷһǸɫĮ
꯶ɫһһ̾ǰǸһ񣬵Ǹ
һԣ￴ɫֱ㶣ԡ
ͷ˵Ǹ
սʤͱȻϲεııͬȹ
ۣ
ͻȻһģһѪŻȾǰء

¸æǰסǰߣô
ʱް
ƿŮӣƽ
ԶĿڲƵɽڴϣȻϢһսɽҲĴ
ĿɽĬ
һԣһ̾ûж˵ʲô
ߵĽνҪĶĿڽԷѰȥ̫ϧ
Ľ
꯶ʱע⵽һԵĿ񽣣΢΢𣬿ڵ
ţ
ɫһ׿񽫣ʶĿڽ
磬ٶĽ༫ϳĽ
ϹĴɽ֮ϹĩڣĴɽٶ䲻꯶񽫻˵


1426 ɽ֮Դ
ԭʼɽһĽڳˡ
ת꯶񽫣ô֪ĿڽĽ
ĽϹʱʱʧĿɽ֮ˣѲڡ
ǰ˿϶˵ĽʵԾ
ͥһ飬Ϊ칤ϸ汦ҿһۣǵĿɽӡɫ
ԣɫ칤
Ŀƽԭô
һԣﾪȵóĿȴҲû뵽ǾǴ˵ϹŵĽ
ĽνҪɵľǰĿɽѲħܡ
ɽȥһ룬Ҳǿȥ
취޸Ŀɽ𣿡˳Ĭ
Ҳ£ǣĽĲ⣬δҲֹһγ޸Ŀڽվȫʧܡ
˵ǰꯣڵǱ칤ϣἰĽǺ
֮ͻĸ꯻ش
ԣüͷδš
ˣ֮ͻĸܵõЩͷ
ѰңᲢ֪꯶񽫻ش
ȥĿɽڵ˵Ǳ칤ϣҵϵ䡣
꯳ĬƬ̺󣬻شֻ˵пܣǣȫ֤
˵칤ͥδʵ
ԣ¶ɫ㲻Ҫͥɣ
кβɣɵ
⡣
ɫһͣһʱ䲻֪˵ʲô
ҪȥͥⱾ飿꯿ǰˣɫ
šͷ
룬һȥΪǰʧ˵Ǹ
һԣ¶ΣⲻǱ
һȥҲܰæġЩţ
ǰŮӣħӿѸ޸ŮϵĽˡ
Űɣͥڶ࣬ҿܻ㡣ɫƽ
ܰæġ
¶ɫĹ⻪ʱΧؾ˲䣬ﻨ֮ɾƾԻ
ɾУ˾ĿɨΧ¶ɫ
ֱ֣ɢþ
þ٣ɫһ󳱺죬ȻڻþãҲô
Щþɲʲôó꯶ֱԲ
ŮĻþȻ棬ǣһֱӱǿȥ
һɡ˵
л
¶֮ɫ
һԣüûǰ˺⡣
Ļþõõóƽ˵һ䣬û̫͡
꯳Ĭûٶ˵ʲô
ھȥɣôأȥ𣿡
ʽʱһҹʱ
˵ͷԭϢ
ҹ٣ԭʼɽУϢȫѹڵơ
ӿħԪȺƵ
һҹȫ壬״̬۷塣
ʱһͬͥȥ
ͥУʢѾգͥҹͥϿյһǧ˰ٿҹ鲻ͥԶ硣
ϯϣ죬ƽһλλ̾ٵòա
ϣ֮ͥĿ·ʼչ΢Ц
ͥУʱ⣬ĵӰӹţͥȥ
ǰ񽫾˿ûв
ӹţϣ쳣
ֻ˲Իþ񽫣¸еƣ

Ŀɨǰͥڵ
Ͱͷ̸ȥ
ͥʮ־޴ֽĿ磬˷ֿ
һ·˳žȥ֮ͥأһֱͥܵĵط֮һ
У̫ľ͹һֱǸ֮ء
ҪѰ칤Ȼ㲻̫Ĺżǣֹϵ鼮̫ͬ٣ͥ˾ڡ
ˣ
꯴·˴ǰ
ôȥ
￴ǰ޴¥ǰü
ӲĻɻᾪͥʱд鷳ˡ
Ŀ⿴ŮӣĻþƭЩ˶ã
¿ǰڶϢϢ֮ڣܱ֤ǲᷢ쳣
Ϣá
Ϣʱ䣬֣ɱ
ԣɫһ
ܷٴʵ
꯻ع񣬻һۣͷ
£ʼɡ
ţ
ɫصص˵ͷ˫Уɫ⻪𣬻þٿ
Χڶ޲ɰͰؾְء
ʱþУ⻮켫Ѹ
ѪɽڶþУԱþԲࡣ
ϢϢʱ䣬λ֣Ϣ֮䣬ɱ˾Χ
ɽѪ꣬˫ֽӡΧħӿΪһнͥȫɡ
˲Ϣ󣬻þɢǣһĨѪ䣬þɣ˼
ǰеͥʧΧյһƬ
ǰ꯶񽫿ˣѵСһЩдǻأһߴϡ
˵ͷһͬžȥ
˽뾴ʱͥ룬ʢϣ쾵ͻȻ𶯣ʾ
ţ
ϣ֮ͥиУɫһ
˴˾
ܱ֪ܿͥ뾴󣬿ɼ˶ͥǺεϤ
һߵݣԶ׼ˡ
λ
֮ͥڣϵ
ڣ
ϯϣλȫ
ǰ׽ѽꯣɱ⣡֮ͥ
ǣ
λӰΪŵһͬžȥ


1427 ־
ͥǰһɱС
꯶񽫴·ܿеĻ󷨣ǰС
¥УһһžУȫѵһ󹦷Ȼ˭ûж࿴һۣרĸ·
꯶ƾ䣬Ѱ칤λãһһݣٷκοܴڵĵط
ûС
㣬﷭󲿷ֹżûҵ칤䣬ڻӦ
ҲûС¿ڣ
ߣ꯶񽫷ʣµĵطȴҲûҵ칤ټ
ǲǼǴˣһ㣿
ᡣ
꯶ҡͷɫصһһ㣬ÿһĹżȫԼĶλ¥㡣
Ǳҡ
ĿɨһһŹżɫ¡

˼ʼѰңһһżң©κν䡣
ʱ¥Уһɣ𣬿ʵλʲô
ͻף¥Уɫһͬʱ䡣
еܺһλŴֲ߳һƵĹżĿ⿴ˣڵλⱾ칤𣿡
֪ˣȴ˵עͻȻ֣ˡ
ɫ£ˣǱѰ
Զ꯿˺ɫͬ𾪡
Ϊǰˣδλߡ
ꯣǰ񣬹
˿ǰߣ¶һĨ΢Цͥһ񽫣жš
ҵ
Ϣǰʵɲ⣬ǿܣá
ô𣿡΢Ц
ǡ꯻ش
ȥɣ鿴ԣܴ󡣡
˵䣬̧֣йżɳ˲Ϣ󣬳꯶ǰ
ѹ𾪣ӹ칤Ȼ󽻵һ֪С
칤ٲ鿴
ʱ䲻࣬뾡鵽֮ͻĸ䡣
ԶºͰҲ˵Ŀеɫ
ˣʵ̫죬ǲòСġ
Ȼ˽칤󣬱ûٶ˵ʲôߵһǰʼľ͹ż
ڵˣëëꡣ
ϣڷŵĹž̾һ¹λ
ϼһʲôˣﴫʵ
֪ǰû꯶񽫻ش
ôأ
ֹһ䣬Ŀٶȿһǰߣϼһôʲô֣Ϣǰʵ˾Щ㤡
ҵˡ
һԣ֮ͻĸԴ̽ÿһֺͼȫ
ߡ
꯶񽫳
ͷ칤£һ̰ԭ·ء
ҴҴߣⲻ˵ͷӶ˵Ự
һ̾µĹżߵǰ·Żء
У˴ӵ£Ƭ̲Ҷȥ
֮ŽǰȻȴյĲͬѰ
̫ˣ
˵̫ƽˡ
ǽȥʱѾ̣˵ʧ֮Ѿñ֣ʵ˳Ĺˡ
СһЩ
һ䣬˳žȥ
ﰵԪ׼Ӧʱܷı
Ϣ߳ΧһƬ
ô£
̫Źˣһ˶ûУһ
ҪǰͻȻٶջء
ָоǣ
þ
ȣ
һȣħԻһ֮С
ɲǼ䣬¡¡𶯣ΧþӦ
þ٣Χǧټǵ񽫳֣Ϊףŵ쳣ǿϢֲѹնŤ
ͥλȫɱߡ
ꯣû뵽ѶˣħΪ顣
λУһλֳȵİӿڣ
ϻö˵ɡ
Уеƾնһ٣񱩵ɱ֡
ûȬΣ
ǰ֪ǰڵ
һûôɣһɱȥ
䣬Уڶ񽣳֣ħͬ𺳡
ɱ
Χλͬʱڣ´ɱ
ɱ䣬ǧͥսӰӳΧɱˡ
Ӱӳ˫նԵɱ¾ɱ񽫡
ѪɽȾͥأħ֪һһʽӲ֡
ɱ˴ħ
λУǰڵİ񽫳˵һ䣬һ̤ǿ֡
Զڤλְ֣׷綷񽫣֪
һߣ꯶һٶȶ߳Ϊ׵λ񽫣ս˲ȡ
λ񽫳֣ɨս֣λ񽫡
ҵĴսƾ¡¡ݺᡣ
ϣƣ֮ͥ߳Ŀ⿴ǰս¶ɫ
Щ˵ǵ죡
սУ꯶񽫣˶ϾλͥǿĶ񽫣սķƱɫس١
սһߣ
֪ͥ̾ˣ꯶սˣ˵
ף
ͬʱͷӽնİ񽫣ĿɨԶ£̤ǰ
ħϮ죡
˫ħӿɺӳ֣ƿХڡ
Ȼһĳڤλ񽫱ˣһ˲֮£ٳսȥ
ˣ
ԶꯡͬʱȫԼĶ֣׷֪ȥ
Ӳˣ
սУλɫ£ӰΪ⣬Ѹ׷ȥ
ʱϣϼ֮ͥԳ֣˲
ϼֻҪһٶ
󷽣λ׷ϣٶȽΧ
Ȼˣαزͷ¶β
ϣ꯿ʣ
ꯣ㱾εİû뵽㾹ᱳޡ
ʣϼУһĨõӰ߳ǿޱȵѹϯʮء
Σ֮𡣡
꯶ЦӦ֪֮ΪԱǰֻƾЩˣסġ
ȱ㡣
ʣ֮ͥٸһλᣬߣ
꯽󣬲κϥϣ꯶񽫳
ܺã
֮ϣ֮ͥһɱȻֻǻԸһѹ
Сġ
꯶һ䣬һԪ׼ӭӽĿ籩ꡣ
һԣ˺䣬˫аڣɱͬҡ
λǲصأɷֹɸꡣ
ڴսҪ֮ʱ󷽣Уһϵڳˡ
սУɫһηƽ࣬û̫Ծ
ϣ֮ͥĿ⿴ǰ
Ϣǣ
УϵĹżسȥ
Ŀ߳һصϢ˿κ쳣
Ȼϣ֮ͥɫȴһȻϳ˵ݡ


1428 
ǰĿһλֲƽϢеĽ䱸
ʵ̫ƽˣƽ˼ɵ
һλħĸ֣ûô𾪣ֵطκθֶ֡
ǣǴϣܲκǿ߸еϢ
˼ɵĵط˵ĸ֪ͨˡ
ϣϼڣ֮ͥлعӰ
˿֮ͥ¶΢Цϵӹ£
֮ͥ״ǰߣڵض񡣡
һ䣬ڳɫһ

񽫣
ǰڵʮλɫȫ˱仯
֣ǿν֪֮
񽫣˵еǿߣϹʱħ֮սʧӴ֪䡣
û뵽񽫾һֱͥľС

һ䣬¶廳΢ЦƺѾþûˡ
Զ꯶֪ݺһƽҲ˲
񽫻һݣǱǰ˾칦Ĵߣĳ˵ʦ
һԣ￴˱仯ɫ
ͷȻһˣˡ
ԣ˫ֽ˫ĿɨΧλ񽫣û顣
˵ݣ£ڣҪ취ɱȥ
ǰǰλ񽫼״֮ÿ·
鵽Լ֪Ķ𣿡˿ʵ
ع񣬵˵ͷƽ鵽ˡ
ĿɨΧ΢ЦҪô뿪أ
нͬ顣
սеĽĿɨڳˣɫƽ
˵ͷûٶ˵˫պϡ
Ƭ̺һƽ͵ϢɢȻȴۡ
ɫһʶҪȴһ
𣡡
˿ڣʱǰ˵嶼˲Ϣʧ
·˿ٶȻָƽľ¶ο֮ɫ
徻ˡ
һԣ֮ͥˣüͷ塣
Ǻ⣿֮ͥڵ
˵飬ͽԼɡ
΢ЦҲСˣͲҪЩ˵ˡ
֮ͥԣüͷ壬ȴҲû˵ʲôӰȥʧ
⣬𣬷Żھǰƾճ֡
ߣ
һֱ۲λ񽫷λˣӰžͳڤλмķȥ
󷽣ꯡûгɣٸϡ
֮䣬Ϊףλ֮䡣
Ӿ޴󣬷ӦȴԽ˺˫䣬Ȼһ
ԶڤӰӹ赲˽Ų
ħԭ
˫նħˣϯ
ڤ񽫷ƵУ¡һӻʮԶ
ߣ
һ˲֮ӰӳӰΧг
˲ı仯ͻΧ󷽣ϵ綷񽫻عһ̤׷ȥ
ǰ棬ϺתüĿֲƿնκˣǰ
ϵ綷ɫһ䣬Ӱ۷С
¡һֱӺ俪ռ䣬λ񽫵ǰ·
ͥӰԶȥʱʧ
½磬֮ͥң⣬Ӱ֣ȫһ
Ǻա
ıλסͥһ롣
кδ㣿
꯿ߵˣڵ
ȥ̫죬Ѱ֮ش
죿
ﾪȵǿһƬԭʼ֮أس񣬶ûκڣҲûκȥɼôΣա
ΣҲȥ
ΪһƬԭʼ֮أſܴ֮칤мأΨһ֮ĵطұǰȥһԡ
һȥ¿ڵ
á
ֱӾܾ˭ȥԼȥɡ
ĸҲ̫𣿡һԣ￪ڣѯʵ
ĬƬ̺ҡͷ칤أ޻ĸ
ԣɫ΢Ҫ
һ仰Ҳ˵ףԼ뷨ǲ֪ǷС
˵һ䣬Ŀ⿴ǰꯣڵꯣл
֮͡
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ͷڡ
ڡ˵
Ŀ⿴ˣ֣չ˺£һᾡ
ģǰСŮûһͷӦ
л
лûٶӰȥ
·˿ǰԶȥıӰ˼ӣͬ
պ꯶ȥٶȳͥȥ
³֣꯵ȴãʱ˸С
㣬һżⷭǰͻȻֵӺ󣬲ϵϲûκξ֮ɫ
ʦ𡣡񣬹
ǰ˵ĳƺ˲ûж˵ʲôĿɨǰˣ΢Цİ˾칦޵ڼˣ
ڰ˲㡣ʵӦ

οص˵ͷ˷ʱֻǰ߲֮ڰ˲͵ھŲҲֻƲ⣬û뵽㾹ǿԸǰ߲֮ڰ˲㡣
ʦ֮ҲֻǳƤë޷ڻͨ꯸п
˾ţζŰ˾֮ͬҲа˾֮䣬㲻ؾڹҪĻһ֡
䣿
üͷ壬
ˣǴ֣ɳɡ΢Ц
лʦ㡣
ףٶ
ˣȻѾѳͥͲҪڴ˶ǵãһо汾ģʥͣѵ
ǣ
꯹ܣٶת¥ȥ
¥У˽йżŻܣϵһĨ̾
֪Ѿôˡ
ϹŴ٣˼ؾ䣬Ĵɽ٣ħս֮أͿ̿ⲨĴѣ䡣
ǳٻյˣûм಻֪ʮعȥƬȻҪһԪ
ζʲôǰƺ֪˼֮䣬ѳĴѺۣ֮䣬ֿʼˡ
䣬ˡ
Щ䣬ܾܿһԪԤףֻǣⳡؾĴУֽ֪жȥ
Ϳ̿ľ£޵ϵµĶɽ֮òѡԼԻ
ֻǿ˵ظ־ʮ߱磬׷Ѱɽ֮ټ
ϽأɽιɽУµŮͷϸźͷ촽ޣޱˡ
ʬѲλعظ
ʮ޵ĹأĹۣӭӵظ־


1429 ̫
֮ϣһ߹һ㣬ÿһ֮䶼Խϡ
Ȼ죬̫⡣
̫ǾΨһûнƵһ죬̫Ļ̫ӣһֱҲ˸̤С
Խ谭˴˵е̫졣
̫УĿذףƬر⡣
ϣ̫Ĵϡ
ݵļָ࣬ؼ䡣
壬̹ǣȻǱԣܵǵĺ⡣
̫֮أһжͻδʱľûȻҲԳô
УʶͿѰҴ˵е֮
֮£ʶܵӰ죬ʹǿ̫֮صϺʴһǰУһʶɨÿ䡣
칤мأ̫δһƬ֮أҲΨ̫֮أпѰһ˿֮
˲֪ãѩƮ䣬
ѩ£̫֮رøӺ䣬ѿʼ
ü߶ڷԴΧ
ֻǣ⼫УܵӰ죬漫·ʱᱻϨ
ϣ⻪С«ɳΧѩصľСϲ
̫֮أ
ô̫ΣգȥԳС«
С«ͷƤһЦɳûµġ
ԣĿɨС«¶ɫܲϺС«ȻܲӰ졣
̫磬С«ԼССĺ«ϣĵĴơ
С«Χϸȥϸ΢г֣Ȼ΢ܹܵ
״΢΢
СһﾹΧ
ͬ˼䣬̫ǣ޾ķƬС«ƺܲӰ졣
ˡ
̾С«˲֪ĵرǲκγɳڣһĹܸܵС«ڵԽԽʢ
ɳ㡣
ǰС«λƵطţ׿û߳ڴߴٵ
ˡ
Ӧһ䣬ȥ
ѩУ°׷ӰǰУС«ȥ졣
·ص֮һ㣬С«Եʮ˷ܣССвؼ
ҲΪС«еˣ¶΢Ц
С«Ѿǧ꣬ߵС«ĳ̶ֳ˵С«˵Ѳһɸ׽ˡ
С«
ʱͻȻʲô
ţ
ǰС«תôˣɳ
ܸ֪ΧصıԴ𣿡ʵ
ѽ
С«СԴӦ
á
΢Цעŵ㣬֮ҡ
С«ͷƬ̺СԴ֮ʲô
ԣҲЩͷۣҪôҲûۼ
ֻҪвһĶͺҡ
ãڣ
á
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ûãǰС«۵
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ȥ
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С«Сʧ֮ɫƬָ̱ССĺ«ǰȥ
ɳ
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˵꣬С«λƵسǰȥ
ɳ
ɳ
ɳ
һ·ϣС«һһʼ㼱æ첽ǰֹˮҲż
С«ıǼʶˡ
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ʱѩУӵٶȷ仯ѩա
ǰС«ӱ紵Ķᣬȥ
棬ӹæС«
ллɳ
С«ؿڣһ֮ɫ
̫Զ
˵һ䣬ԪɢʮɷԲеĿ硣
š
С«ӦһԼСС«ǰȥ
ʮʮҹ˲֪˶ԶѩϣĽӡ֣ѿͷ
̫磬һжδ֪֪ж󣬵ж㡣
С«ɵˣصϢʮʱ䣬С«˲رԴҲҪʱ
С«Ϣʱûͣ½ŲƬ̲ͣĸ·
̫̫ˣûʱϢ뾡ҵ֮
ºС«˯һľһ۾·ࡣ
С«һ˫۾пһ˵ԡ
ɳ
С«Ŀ⿴ǰߣʵҵ𣿡
ûС
ع΢Ц
Ҽɳҡ
˵꣬С«ǰ߼ϷظδĹ
ЦЦȥ
СһԸ棬ɡ
ɳ
ȻûһǰС«ٶ
ЦǰҲ̫ˡ
ɳ㡣
ǰС«عͷߴٵ
ˡ
Ӧһ䣬
С«ǰĴسһѺۣѺӵԶͷ
ǰǰĴѺۣҪ˵ɫͻȻһ䡣
Ϣǣ
֮
С«ˡ
ɫصؿѺڵ


1430 ֮
̫죬ѩУѰ˽ĸºѰ֮ټ
׵ĴѺǰͣ½ŲĿ⿴·һĨɫ
ϢȻ΢ǾԲѰ
ûв´Ӧþ֮ˡ
˼ˣС«ڵС«ߣܻΣգҪ뿪ʮΧ⡣
š
С«ɵص˵ͷ˻
ԪסߵСһ
׼ӰС«һͬѺ·ȥ
磬˵ǲصĻڣӰУ֮ķȥ
ڣΧʱսóأ˴粽С
ʱ˵̹ڻУһأ硣
ڻڣԽܵΧĳء
·ӣֱӸΪأУÿһƺҪķ
ǰԽѣգɽԻƵɽϣһնȥ
ʱΧ¡¡³
һУԻΪ죬Ϊء
ֻһ·ľһƨڵϣ۵ĴڴϢ
ҿ϶ٵصĹ£ƭ˵ģѹ˸ɵĻ
۳ɹĴж﷽Բ
С«ٵһȦûãַ˻
ɳǱߡ
С«۵Сָ֣ǰ
ڴϢ˼£վߣ
䣬С«ǰȥ
ûоͷһ߿һǰУҪſ¡
С«һԹľʵ߲ʱܵ棬ССʹǰǰߡ
ɳ쵽ˣټһ¡С«۵ֱϢ
߲ˡ
һ۵ڵϣ
һԣС«ҲСƤ죬Ҳ߲ˡ
жԶڵϣϢ
š
С«۵Сָ֣˰죬ʮôԶ
ûιȥ
ôã˲ʮ֮һ·̣
뵽ôûǿƣӣǰС
С«ɻ

С«¶ɫòλƵظȥ
һʱ䣬˶ǰУſ£ǰУſвѭ
ڣڲ֪ſ¶ٴκ˳ɹֵ֮λá
ǰӿϢ羪Σ޾Уֺء
С«һ³ǰסһ֮Ц
ģ
Сһ㣬ܣҪʼˡڣѵ
á
С«ɵӦһ䣬Żе֮ȥ
Ҳǰӿ֮УһȣĿɽ
Ƶɽȱ룬û֪ĽΪλȥͬû֪ĴɽΪ׹һ㡣
Ľأ˵ĽɣڻУ֮ͻĸƼΪֲ
õĿɽʱľɽ⣬ɽƵԣɽ֮δԻ
գѰ֮ȫĽ
ӿ֮УĽûκԡ
ѾߣΨȱĸϣȱһɡ
ȣ
Уһȣʱһˡħͬ֡
ӡԻԪƥ
ۣԴ߶߶˷棬Ԫ
ħŭ𣬾Ĵ߻ħԪӿʮ񱩱ˡ
ֽ֣ͬȻͬĻֲϢɢ
һ̣ͬʱһⱬ޾ĽΪǿкϲֻ
䣡
ˡħϢ̾ҵײƺһƺߣѪ
ɳ
ԶС«ǰˣ۵С¶ɫ
Ȼȴǲκ˽룬ڣϲֻҪǿ˵еĻ֮
ķΪǿϽΪֻ
пռ䣬ҷΧڲСֻܵѹǿų
ɼͬشȴǿڵľʹں
䣡䣡䣡
ҵĳֻԽȻͬôںϡ
ȣ
ֻںϣٶȳһɫŤ
ƽգһ侲ıͷһ̣Ҳúħһ㣬һУ¡
䣡
εľײУڣǿĻںһ˿ħԪڣ˵ѹ

м䣬ŭһȣ߶Ͻ⣬ѹ
䣡
ҵײУԪһ˿ںϣ񱩶ֳصǿ˿־塣
ڣֲųྡྷɣѪ˴ۡ
⣬С«ľ󣬴۾ӯˮҪ˳
С«Եò࣬Ȼ˭ã֪ġ
ԴɳɳʱʱľͻѰĵرɳ
Щ£˵

ڣ֮ܵɵ֪Ⱦ죬Ȼǿҵ־ų£ӲڵĿֲʹںֻ֮
֪˶ãԪֱںԪħԪΪʽȻ෴Ŀֲ
ͼںʱһƺߣ֮ϣͬʱֵѺۡ
ڣ쳣ֲĻӿˮݣȻŬ޷ںһ
֮УĿɽȴ˹֮ʱ
нϢϹʱĻԻͣԸʼɳ
䣡
ǣڣɻ֮ײྡྷƵ޾µб顣
򽣻Ϊ٣״Ӱ̳ɻ֮С
һһңħɻϢڣ֮ƶϢںϡ
ڣ
м䣬ŭһ˫ſ˫ĸױסɻϢǿں⼸ܲĻ֮


1431 
̫֮أ磬֣ͬǿںϻ֮
׵ԭʼֿ񱩣޷档
ɻУħ˫ȼڵıԴȫƶɻںϡ
м䣬˫ſչǿס໤ųĻ֮
֪ɫ
ںϣһɿֲѹΧ򽣻Ϊ̱ٴ
⣬С«ܵССӶʱɳȥ
ۡ
⣬С«ͣ£һƲ۾ӳỨ
С«ԶЩ
ںϵĻ֮У֪ȵ
ţ
С«ԣ˵㣬תź󷽷ȥ
֮ģħ˫ƶ֮мı塣
ڣںʱɻϢͬ϶Ϊһ
ɲǼ䣬ޱȵѹϯ֮޿ƥС
е֪ںֻ֮ԪǿдµĻ֮޽ӽ˵еĻĸ
ȣ
һȣӿʼͽ
УĿɽΧ֮֮ӿĿɽ
Ͻһ֮ӿķУĽ쳣
ʮأĿڶϽ֮ϣ޸ʮ֮һ仺Ḷ̌ļѡ
ϹŵĽڻ磬˲֪£֪ԴͨӿĽٶȣȴɻܡ
ʮ꣬ʮꡭתۼ䣬ؽӿķڣĿڶϽۿɼһؽ档
ֻǣԶԶ
ȣ
УԴԻӳַ֮
Ŀɽϣ˿˿תԽָڿʼһ˿ģ
Զȴ˰С«ĵĶҪ֮зȥ¡
С«Ҳɳ˲٣֮һ˫ƯԱˡ
Ḷ́ʱţУȴԸܵκʱ
˼佻ĵطһѺ۲ϳ֣ݺύȻòע⡣
˼䣬ʵѿʼЩѺ۵ĲͬѰ̽飬ȴʼղ鲻ʲô
ҡһϣǳԴпޣ
ظУΪǿ¡Ȼľ۷壬ȴ쾳ϣ̤롣
ͬʱ綫һ˵ֱ顣
УɫȹŮգֳ̫񽣣һͷ׷衣
˿ĺѩΪ׻Ϊ̫ϵĺѩػص徳һΪ
̫飬ȻҲƵĹĺѩ̫Ϻչֳ˵ܡ
̫ػ쾳֮ϣ״١
ĺѩУ̫񽣻նĽֱӻƲ㣬һΪ
̫϶ɽ٣иУĿ⿴򶫷
ˮ񹬣ΡĹڣˮŮ΢΢
ǣ
̫飡
ˮŮٻӰ֣ӳһǵա
ˮɫȹס壬ȴסջ
ˮŮۣ˵еһˣ˷վûһһ׷
ǰŮ۳ɾ͵λͼıȫɱӴˣ˸ҶλһŮκβõĻ롣
գˮŮٳʣһŹȥ
·һλλˮ̫Ůɫǹ
ص۹ȥһˡ
䣬ˮŮ߳۹Ŷȥ
ϽظУĵظ־ڴ˰꣬ȴһǰ
ȻȥҪȴȴʼû
ڣУ֮ϣظ־ȥ
ظʮ޵ĹأĹиУһ̾
һ˼֮У־ĻѾع飬ֻǣȴǸȴʼղ
ظ־ٴ뿪ظɽʻأδ֪ĵؽȥ
綫ʱ䣬ͥУλ½磬׷ɱѽꯡ
Ȼ׷ɱÿһνʱλ񽫶𾪵ķ֣꯵ʵԽԽǿˡ
һΣλͬʱס꯵ǰ·գȴԲҰܸա
һս֮ͥȻ𺳡
񽫣νͥս񣬾λ񽫶ˡ

ǰһλͥϳУڵٹϢȥɴΧ˰ɡ
ɡ
߳ԣ߳˲ƣȻѳͥȴûʲôŭԹ֮ʱûбҪ˴󶯸ɸꡣ
߳񽫣ʱ䣬δܽǸѽ׽ûͥѵҪ꯴֮ͥգǲŸ𣡡ͥϳ
߳Ŀ⿴ǰߣ΢΢𣬵˾ȶ񽫲⣬󡣡
㣡
ͥϳŭòѹŭ̳ϵ֮ͥ񣬵߳񽫶ϳ񣬻δϳ
߳¡
ϣ֮ͥ˵һ䣬˾֮ԣҪɱꯣ

·Ϊ˾ϳӦѳͥôѷ²ˡ飬ǲΧˣٸѳκλᡣ
ϣ֮ͥ˼Ƭ̺󣬵ͷ׼࣡
·һλλɫһ
˾֮ԣҲζţǲ
պͥϣʮ½磬޹Ʊա
·ͨ˿ʾ¶𺳡
ǧһƽĵУ꯴Ŀ⿴ʣĿɫ
ʣʮǰλؼ׵Ӿȫİס
Уе֣һֱ̤ʡ
ȻͥҪսս
ɱ
ͥʮǰλӿڣ
硢˼Ƶ֣֮ͬһʱ䣬磬ڷ˸ӿµ顣
ַɽϣƱգȥϢ
£ħƣʵݡ
ǰɽ֮䣬ɽ˵Ⱥߣַɽ֮Ȼǰδеĵز񳯣ħ֣Ѹײڶ֮ƣɽ
ħǰһλӾɫħϿ磬ǿ󲻷
ͳ죡
󷽣һλ޵ħŮӿڣħ̹ɽ
ӵͷƽɱ
һ£ħΪٳɽȥ
ɽ֮ϣ̨ϣз
ӷ𣡡
·λ޺ɫأܵħǿֱ
𣬱ǰһ̡
ʱϣħţһӰƾֲ߳ѹѹλԶ
ħַ֮ɽɽĩٵȻ˿ת
ɽ⣬ħͳŴɱһԡѪħٴͳ죬˿ɵС
ħ𡣡
ħͳȭ
磬ϵ÷ɽܲע̬һѪ̫ʧˡӿħУħ֮𿪿ڵ
ǣ
ͷħתսϵѪĨȥ
ͬʱһƬƶĴϣˡĴȺɽϿƣüͷ


1432 ֮ʼ
磬ַɽĩٽ٣ɽʱħ֮٣ħ
ɽϣλ޺ħ֮ȫܵ
ǿ̫ǿˡ
ħѲ֮¡
ΨһϣҲˡ
У̨ϣȻ֪ɽħٵɫҲû̫仯
ͳʮ꣬ݹҲ
񣬱Ӧ
Ⱥѡ񣬻ǶԵġ
ӷ𡣡
зţĿ⿴ϵħ֮ڵóɽǷͿԷŹܿܿ
ϣħ֮ӿħУƽȻҲϣɱ޹ֻҪֻصʧȥĶ

·һλλ޺ԣ¶ɫȻҪɽøЩħ
ӷ𡣡
ֹ̧֣·λ޺˵ȥĿ⿴ǰħ֮ƽãϣħܽԼŵԡ
䣬˫ۣ䣬ʱڣٻ
ɽ٣ѲŤתΪѡԾȲ
ɽϣҫ۵Ľɫ߽䡣
ǰӿħУħ֮߳Ϊòȥʮ졣
ħǰԷٵֳ͡
۷ɽθ࣬λվһ𾴵ǿߡ
·ɽʮеĻ棬Ͻп־֮ɫ
𣬾Ȼˡ
ڷ֮䣬ɴ棬һɫս׵ħͳ⿴ڷϵĿ־壬ɫԽ䡣
Щα̫ã˭û뵽Լһա
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ǰħɢƽ˶
ǣ
·繧
˲Ϣ󣬷ɽ֮ϣħӰԻּڷ
ڷҪһ˲֮䣬һ֮ǰ
Իֻһ˲һͷ­ն¡
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ħԡ
ȥ磬Ǹ˴ǰûɵκΣɰɡħ˵

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綫ϣƶĴϣȺУŷɽȥ
иУɽˡ
ţ
ǰûжãȺɫͻȻһĿ⿴һĨɫ
Ϣǣ
ߣһźɫħ缲ٶУٶȼ죬˲Ϣǧ
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ħԷɽʲôȺǰ֮ħ
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絭ӦҪȥС
аħݣħӡ
ͶȺֱǾ춯֮Уҫаħ
һŲ̤תܿһƣħԪۣǰǿƷˡ
ħͳ˧һˣλǿ߽֣ʱطƱ䣬񾪾塣
ǿ֮䣬ϧȺ֪ԷΪʽ飬ִѷ塣
ְУʤѷ֣Уħӿ֣ɲǣ䡣
ɱ죬Ӱһն졣
Ⱥɫһְ̧γƿе֦䣬֦ӣΪ޵ħǰ·
޵Уնһһؿٳ֦âնǰ
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һն䣬Ӱ˲ǧݺᣬʵѱ档
¡һϣħ˫ײ¡¡𶯣쳹硣
ನ𶯣ӿľУѪȾء

ħӰˣѪɳ
ħսѷʤͬʱְдڵཥ˶
ʱ¶ңԺƽıս쾳硢Ͻж綼ʼ
ƽ磬ƽ
ң˼䣬ͬòȥ˵ĵطзϢǧ˼䣬ﵽԻ͵۷壬ս֮
򣬸Ϸͻ֮ʣǿϣһѺ۳֣ԽԽࡣ
ͬһʱ䣬죬У֪һա
֮УʱռԲڣƣǣĸ֮ͬ
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֪ǰȥУĿɽٶ磬âˡ
£ƬϢ˫вѪ˿ļ¡
С«ǰ۵СƣҪѽ
ĵʱ䣬أȥ
ĿɽϣѺҲ޸תʮֲ
ȻɽվҪ̵¡
˼䡢磬Ƶ֣䶫磬ǰһսͥʮҰܣһ˼ʮɱ
ڣڲϳֵĶУĸ굽˼䣬ǿ֮ϣһΪֲĴѺ۳֣ףֱǡ
ؾ䣬Ϳ̿绹˼䣬ǿ߽ʶҪˡ
ͥ˸ܵı仯ԽԽĬ
ĴҪˣһУмܹȥ
䣬٣µļԪ˭Ƭصĳ


1433 ڷ
죬֮أ֪İ߲꣬ݡ
ĽոһյȻܻǣ£ڿҪȫ޸
𲻶ȼգİ겻Ϩ
ȻİĿų֣Ȼ֪ҲҪ;ƿ֮ʱ
ȻҲİһ̲ͣͷŷһ
֮⣬С«֪ڼδӳ˯۾Ժؿǰʱ˯ˡ
䣡
ʱ֮Уҵĳ𣬾С«
ˣˣ
С«һԼССĺ«תҪܡ
ѽ
ͻȻС«ӦĿ⿴֮Уﲻеѽ
֮ڣɫңֺء

УƺѪ
֪ľڼѹƵĺڷﱾԴӿҪӲȨ
֪û뵽Ҳнհɣ
ڷﱾԴУǺڷдʶ
ڷ㾹Ȼţ
ĺɫУ¶ʹ֮ɫ
˲ܾδٶڷΪβɣ
ӿĺɫУڷٴδͺ⡣
ɳ
֮⣬С«֮ɫҪæȴ޷
֪ٵˡ
ڷЦɫӿҪ֪֮
ȻʱӿĺɫУ˫ͻȻΣյɫ⻪ҫ۶Ŀ
ڷиУһ
ǿҵΣϮڷ̷ǰߣæջأҪԼ
ն
ȴõĻᵽ׷Źһȣɫƿն
֪ңڷ־ش󺰵
ˣ
ǿһʹ߶ҵնɫС

ʹĽٻлصնҵݺύնɱڷꡣ
Ƭ̺󣬺ڷҽнʧʶݻ١

Уƺһƻ֮֮еıԼܴء
ڷﱾԴ߶ڷ֮ԴԴתΪԪУĽ
õµ֧ţٶȱó
أĸȥ֮
һ֮ʼĽɣâˡ
Ȼ佫ɣɽȴûиʱĸо·ɲЩʲô

ӿĻ֮УһȣѪĿɽû
İ֪꣬Ѫɽȱٵԡ
֪뿪꣬磬ԽƵ
磬ħ糹ͳηУеķȫȥµħ
ӴˣħĳƺΪ˷
ħת
ͳηɽħ𣬸
µͳдµʷڷͳͳΪ˵ħ
ܿܣѪ졣
ǰħͳʹȺһս˽ʧټ֪˵䡣
ϽͬƵٺ󣬲дѣвѡϽ
һՕDһ֮ŭȫɨƽ˿ء
쾳ٺ󲿷ֲѡؽȻ쾳̺εȷ࣬ѹȵڶǿƷϸؽĻᡣ
սɴ˿ʼ
֮䣬ճ־õĴսһֱ꣬Ȼ˥䣬ǰ֮ɲдŲС
̣ǲصǰѹƵʱ
쾳ңս
ԺƽһˮŮ뿪񹬺󣬱Ҳûл
УλˮŮأû˸¡
ֵĶ磬ͥһѳͥûͣһ̡
г񽫵ָ꯵ʵ澫ͳƵ޵еսûܹƺ⡣
֪ͥٴ´ΧˣÿһζԲҰܸա
ͥУĻ̻̣λϳǺ£гһ꯻ɱͥ
½磬ټУλѰʵȷʵΪ˵Ӱ֣߶Ĵϡ
аŮװˮŮۣȫ֤ӽв֪ʱħͳ磬һλλ˵ľǿߣȫƽռ䡣
ЩȻ۶磬ȴػܿ
ͬ޵е꯶񽫣ƽĶ˿ν쳣ϷƵ֡
ͥϣ֮ͥҲܵ½ļ쳣ǿϢɫ쳣
˼䣬󣬸Ͽգѳ־˵ľ޴Ѻۣ֪Ϊʲô
ޱ񾳣ΪޱĹֹ߲һȥ̽飬ȴһ
˼ĺףеѺۣеһ̣˻ֲ̿
ҡһϣԴϣƬص
ڣͻȻ۾ȥ
иУɫ΢
ͻˣ
Դ⣬߳ʱ֮ϣƴŻնʱ쳣
˼ŨٵҲøӿ¡
½һ̤ǿշȥ
䣡
ʣ£˵ܣҡ
Ʈ㣬ʮԻʱ춯صħֱɢ
ʮſ·ǿգգĩ֮Ի
ħħǿձɫ
䣡
ǿռ䣬˷ϯٶȺǿϵħߡ
»ӽħһһε׽١
ħ߶ɽ٣𾪣˼һλ쾳ǿ߽˷̵ǣλ쾳ǿ߾һħ


1434 
ҡħ߶ɽ٣ħϯ˷춯ء
׽أϽ£ֳħԼ
һ٣ʮգǿն䴩ȴ˼ħ߷ֺ
ɽ֮»һԴ˸ˡ
棬ûѡԴȥ
ΪǰͣͲǰȱٲǿޣѰͻƵ
£Ҫȥ磬ȥһڵΪԷ硣ǧ俪ѵ
µͷû˵ʲô뿪
˼һλ쾳ֳ֣ޱУޱ׳ҪݷãҡȴҲܲµϢ
磬ϽǰͻȻɫĿ⿴˼䡣
ôˣ󷽣ՕDʵ
˼쾳֡ش
ţ
ՕDԣüͷ壬˼ȱرԴôܳ쾳ǿߣǲ֪ˡ
ǡ
ҡͷֳ֪ǰ˾׻Դߺǿ˼䣬ƣλ̤쾳ǿ߱Ǵ˾һλѡ
Ŷд¡
ՕDȻԴҪ̤쾳Ҳ£ܿܿ쾳ǿȴҲָԼ޵˳̶ȣ澪ˡ
Ǳ޾Щ磬ֳӾȡ¶΢Ц
ϣˡՕDƽ
ˣǸ˾أϢՕDʵ
ûС
ҡҡͷͼ֪Ĵڣȴûκջ񡣡
Ŷѵ뿪ˣՕDʵ
ܡ
ͷһͻƺ󣬴˾ʵҲ֣Ӧò¡
塣
˽̸ʱǰͻȻö
һ̣ؼ䣬ա
ǰՕDиУɫһ
ɹѵǣ
˼δ䣬УһɽδԶʻٶȼ죬ֱֱײ
ʬѲΣ
ՕDɫ΢䣬Ӱӹǰ
һȣՕD˫Ʒƣ̫ӣΪһǰ
˲Ϣ󣬿ֲײՕDȴǳɹɽΡ
ɽǰ֮·裬ɽУظ־߳˵գֱӰγֵۡ
ͷ£־һ˫ӿն쳣ʶʱʱޣ״̬⡣
Ϊ˳ظ־ֻ̫࣬Ϊȴ˹
ǰՕDϵظ־սһ
ֳ
ʱ񿪿ڣֹ˴ս
ǰĿ⿴ǰظ־һ񣬵־֪ѣ񹬵ס־ĵ·бǸͽƿ
֪֣ظ־һ𣬿նӶݻָ
ء
ظ־˵һ䣬תɽΣͷʬɽƹ񹬣ǰжȥ
־뿪ߵֳֳû°ɣ
û¡
ՕDʬѲ뿪ķ΢΢ɣظ־ھ
ͬʱ죬У꽫Ҳͷ
ѪȾĿɽȱɽУǿ˿־塣
Ŀɽм䣬Ϊɽ֮ԳɽѪ֣ɽɢĽˡ
֮⣬С«ȵöСԴϲ֪ʱƬССҶȥʮֿɰ
ôûá
С«ԼСС«ȥ˲֪Ȧ
䣡
ʱ֮УĵΪֲĽ𣬹ᴩ磬춯ء

С«һæԶԶġ
ĵֲĽУѪܵɣٴܴ
ֲ쳣ɽɷˣ޷ܡ
۾һȣ˫ΧĻ֮ѹĿɽ
ɿֲͻ𶯣޾֮˷ɢγɾ޴ɢ
ʵ㣡
ŭȣ֣ͬ˱⣬һѹһѡ
壬ֳɣߣȫѹڱߵɽ
ʱϣԻʮؼ֮ѹĿɽ
֣֪ãߵĽƽɷ
״̶̻˫ֽӡĿɽȫѹС
ЩһһģԵȥ
ɳ
ԶС«λƷССӶסǰߣˤ
ˣûˡ
վӣ
ļѳĿɽܸδԤϡ
˵ڵʵԦĿɽ
ʱҲֻܽĿɽӡ̶ˡ
ߣ硣
ϢƬ̺С«Żȥ
С«
ţ
ͷϵƬҶʲô
֪ѽ

˷ɳ磬ֱӳȥ
£ض˱仯û뵽Լ뿪ôãɫһ
ǰľİš
սĶ磬ǲԫϱڣƽ磬Ҳ
ʲô
ɫ֮ǰͰԼ̶˹ȥ
ɽУɽУİиУ
ˣڻˣ
ＤĲ޳ˣˡ
ʲôһ׷жҪسŵ֮ƨ
Զ¸ܵϢҲ¶֮ɫ
Ǿõˡ
Ӱ£ˣ¶Ǹ

һȥ̧ǰ߲ӣ˵ľ
Ӳ벽ǰһգεҲû뵽ôãǸ²Ϊ
㻹´Ρҧгݵ

һԣ߳
ض񡣡
΢Цǿɻã
ã
ﲻˬʱûп𣬶綼ˣٹãҲᱻ


1435 ׵Ĺ
磬Ӱ۶ȥ
ɽУͰ׼뿪ʱ꯸ϵ
ꯣ
￴ˣ¶֮ɫôˣ
ֵܹ󡣡ɫ
£ɫʵ
Ҫλһ֮ͥ
꯳˺ܾãֻͥӴֻԼ޷俹⡣
ԣ΢΢𣬵ꯣӦͥʲôطóȻȥ²ʲô֮١
ס
꯵ͷǣѾ˲ô࣬ͥѲֹһĴǰΧˣ᲻ԴУҪͥش
Ҫӳ顣
᲻ֺͰְװæ
꯿ǰˣ֪һֱΪ쾳ԽԼĵȫ֣ҲһֻҪԸһΣԽѧڡ
Ŷ
¶ɫ꯿޿ˡ
˵ͥһ׵£ͥʮأɲ⣬óȻȥǺܻܿԲСĿ
Ȼ꯶񽫳Ҳˡ
ĵãÿ˵ܣȻ֮ͬҲٹ
ңǴ˵еİ˾칦꯵ĵУȻҲŲٰ˾칦İء
֣ΣʲôҪ󣬿ֱ꯿ǰˣٴ˵
룬ҡͷأѾ㹻г⣬ҴӦ㡣
һԣ񿴹һ㿴ˣûɣͥҲ롣
ʲôҵġ
ƽҲȥЩȻǿ󣬵û˲ƥеĵز
ͥᲢ𣿡
ûֻһˣϿȷǿޱȣǣ漰˵Ĺͬ棬޷ټи֣ƽĴ󲿷ֶָɢȫν巽һ֮ͥȫ෴ͥеľȫһ𣬼Ȳǡ
ǰ꯿ˣ᲻ǿλԼ⡣
룬ҴӦ㡣
ƽڰôǱΪˡ
һԣԣǱȵβһ㣬¶ŭɫ˭ֻ侲նѡ
¶֮ɫͲдƲ֡
Ҳ٣
ŭر˴ֿڣȥȥ¹˭
Ŷ
һĨȣ
޷޲ˬֱ˼ˡ
лλѡ꯳һ񣬵

΢Ц˵ҲûͥǱƻУпܻԴ
꯵ͷὫͥ𻭳ʱȾܱܿЩֱӴشЩߵͥ޳
𣿡
ڵλ֣֮ͥ
˵У֮ͥǲՕDǿߣĸֶҪɵ֡
ûС
ҡͷıûг֣֪ͥʵĻǳֹΣνɲ⡣
ü⵱治ʲôϢ
Խδ֪ĶԽ˼ɵǶλ֮ͥ˽̫٣鷳¡
иò񻰵ˣǲҪˡѵ
ʦ𲻻֣ǾɷġӦ
ʦ𣿡ﾪȵ
޵İ˾칦ʦԣҲʦ״ӡ꯽͵
Ǹ㲻
εиôʦ𣬻ʲôͥ
ʦ𲻹ѾãЩС£ʦ𲻻ᡣ꯻ش
һֱиʣΪͥһ񽫣ΪҪͥʵ
꯳Ĭã̾ĸĸɱ
ԣɫһ𣬵ĸײ֮ͥİ᣿
Ϊĸһλˣͥ棬˲మĸײ棬ִڸһգȫС
ɫ££֪˼ȫڣһ꣬ŵ֪ࡣ
ʱ
ƽ˵һ䣬׵Ĺ£׵ı磬ȻߣҲһء
ң꯵ʵͬСɣ飬ֵһΡ
Σ꯳
á
ͷӦʱ䣬㹻׼ˡ
һ
˵һ䣬ȥ
Ҳȥ׼
˵꣬Ҳ뿪ˡ
ֶˣ˵˵߾ߡ
ﳹЩһﶼʹ
£ţҲ뿪졣
һ仰⣬ʧʡ
ɽУһվصȺ
ɽУ°صţɫûκν
ѵˣա
ҹɫʱɽһߣһӰ渲ɴһħȴ˲
ħͳ֪ܵعϢһ·Ѱ˹
ɽУ¡磬ĿԣɲǼ䣬Ƭصնó
ʲô֣
¡»ش
ɺϣͻȻΪѰ֪ȴԼȥİ֮ˡ
¡
һ䣬ɴµе¶º֮ɫӽԺֳ


1436 ͥ
ʱ䣬תۼԼ֮յɽǰӹ
ɽУӺɫһ
ּˡ
ƽ
ǣ
ɫ΢ʵ˵Ϣǿ󣬶ң˺һħ
ħͳ죬硣
Ŀ⿴ǰˣҲµֳ
ħôֳǲǡһĲţ˵
ֹ̧֣ǰ߼˵ȥߵǿɫһ
Ǹ
µвжΣһֻǸ⡣
㲻Ƿʲôصл
絭¸ԸԼԼѡֻ뿴Ƿֵ
䣬û˵Ϊǰ˲ֵµҲԥɱ˴ˡ
ᱻŪͿˣⲻúõ˵ܲ˵㡣˵̸һã
ȷµֳ˵ħħʹ͵
ǰСŮɫ΢ԭΪֺλħʹһ
ʱ䵽ˣ߰ɡ
˵Ĺ£Ŀ⿴ǰ֪ƽ
š
ͷӦһ䣬׼
Ҫʲôü
ͥûʵ
ԣ𣬵Ȥһ𣿡
΢΢ȣƬ̺󣬻ع񣬵֮á
λħͳʵض֮£ĸҲ绢
£»ǸһȥǰСŮȻɫʵ
Ҳȥ𣿡̧ͷ
Ȼܰǵæ¶΢Ц
ԣ϶ʱ¶ĵЦݣͷȥ
һԣֱֹȥǿ鲻ľͷʵϻЩģ
˶ٳͥȥ
ͥţһλλפأԴǰ꯵˴ͥͥǿ
ͥ׼֮ʱԶ⼲۶ŵĽʿûüӦӱ㽩ס
һ̣һλλͥʺѪӿһ
ͥӰûκֱͣӳȥ
˺εĶû羳ĸ֪ڣϣ֮ͥ羳еľ¶ŭɫ
׽ˣзɱ⣡
·һλλתȥ
ڣһλλϳ¶ֻţ꯻Ǵˣ
ʲô
ϣ֮ͥ·ŵڳȵ
һ·ڳһλλͥϳϷֽ
ڣǸѳӲ˵ġ
ͥλȫʮʮɷۣȫ赲֪˵Ĳ
սپ
꯿ǰͥ񽫣ѵ
ס
ͷз｣ԻӰ˲ʧ
ٿԼǣڽʮʮɷĻᡣ
£󡣡
翴ΧΧϵλ񽫣ڵ
µͷߵǰ
죡
һȣΧħܱɫӿΪһ޴޶࣬䣬޴ĺɫȻն¡
ǰ·λɷֲ̱ɳȥȾ졣
߳񽫵иУɫҲһ䣬ǿħ
Եħǰδüʮʮɷʱأ
״תз｣ʧħɳ
ħħХ죡
ħħ죬ͬ˿ħܣħ֮У䡣
ħԻ̳ͣǰλɷս
ħʴλսѵпħٶ𾡰롣
λħ֣ʮʮɷδӳԼʵȻҪ
Զﲻٳɣָնʣļˡ
һ̫ˣôȥȲϡ
ǰһֱ¾λ񽫣սſʼ㼤쳣
̥ǵꯣʵʤǰһԾλ񽫣˿·硣
󷽣˽ʮʮɷǰæ
һʱ䣬λ񽫽ڽڰˣòʱȥ
ûжԥֱ׷ȥ
׷ԶͥڸˮһĴֱӽ˰Χ
ɱ
ͥǰһλ񽫿ڣ
սǧ˿š
⽣ӰϽǧУ֫ϱ۲Ϸ𣬲쳣
֮ǰѪֵ֮ܵ
ôˣҪɱʲôʱ򣿡
ɱ˲֪ˣ￴ΧԴԴӿϵĴͷƤ
ɫҲ£Щ콫ǲΪǣǣǵľǣƲ鷳¡
ϾͥǾԲܱס̫á
ᣡ
ʱԶ꯳˵һ䣬еأԪӣ񱩵
˾죬¾
һȣΪģֲĵ֮Ի˾칦־ܣ仯Ī⡣
ǧټǵ콫δع񣬱㱻δ֪¾Ѫӿ졣
ԶɫһħּۣͬС
ؾʽֻؽޣ
ħɢΧһ޴г֣޾ؼѪ
˲ϢѪ۶ٲһ㣬ס
˫ֽӡѪɫٲʱΪŭǰ
ʱ콫Խء
Щӣ
һߣ˾Ƥֱ
ЩһȫǱ̬ɱ۾գ
ߣ
Χ˶콫һѪɫ忪һ䣬⳯ǰȥ
󷽣һиϣͬ׷ȥ
ꯣ̫ʧˡ
֮ͥʱϣϼۣһ쳣ֲѹ£ʱҪͻΧˡ
ͥΧУͣ½ŲĿ⿴ʣ¶ɫ
֮ͥҪ
ϣϼУһŽɫۣƼΪǿӰ߳µӣڳѹ


1437 
ͥκ˰ѹϯǰеĲ
巽Ϊصǿߣٳ֣˭֪Ϊ˺־硣
񳯣Ϊѽ׳ͥһ񽫡
ˡ
ꯣڵ
֮䣬ѲֻĲͬ˽ڣǲܲ֡
л
˵һ䣬ֳеӰڿն
ϣλͥǿϣսؼѹʱ¡
ꯣ㱾صİϧ
ϼУһɫ۵֮ͥڣ¶п֮ɫ
αɣգὫΪȥĸĸ𡣡꯿ǰ֮ͥ
սУӰֲ֮ͬײ
õ˾칦洫ꯣʵ̴ǰǿ󣬳֮䣬Ī⣬˷ʤ
֮ͥƾ˫ΪӭУԲ䡣
ǿߵĽ棬̽ޱҪ˳ֱɱУ𶯣쳹ͥ
·硢˵¾λ񽫺ǧǿޱȵսͥ˲ء
ħã֮ĩ
ۼͥ޾һߣ˫죬ʱϿգ¥ľ֣޾ĹԻ·
ħ׼һλλ콫̬䣬˫ɺ죬ħһ˿ȥ
һĻɱδĹ򣬱˲ء
󷽣ǰͬ¶ɫ
ħĹ졣
ѹ֮˿־ħ磬Ĺ칦ʵη塣
ͥУλ񽫼״ϣȫ
ħֲ̫ȳ֮
λȫ磬Ͱϵѹʱ񽣻նÿһζٵѪ
Զһ˶Ͼλ񽫣磬š
ΧͻΧĻᣬΰĹƣǿɱħͳ졣
æ𣿡
ͥУ￪ʵ
ȵȵȡ
Ӧһ䣬Ӱߣһնǰɱ콫ºߡ
Ҫλħͳʵ쾿ֵܵز
ȣ
λΧһȣħԪ𣬺ɫΪϯ֮ʯΪ촷ۡ
ɫħ磬ƿˣλδܣֱӱ롣
Ѫӿ׹ɭȻλ񽫿вҺش
˵ľ߳Ϊףλɫһ䡣
Ʋ߳񽫱ǿͨͷԻס
˲Ϣ󣬺ɫħɢλȫ롣
񱩵ƻλ񽫶ٸ崫˺ѵʹ࣬ҿ׼Ԫס
Ⱦĺڷ磬ڷУӰٶѲѷؼ١
ѾʼλħͳǰĿˡǧУ￴ŲԶ˵ս֣
λħͳ̫ǿˣָ飬ء
ħ籾ǵжԣĿĲѲ¡
Ӧͥ٣٣ħ綨Ȼ⿴һĻ
ֿһ飬ĺ£Ҳԥ
ȻħģԣҪæδܾ
䣡
˽̸䣬֮ϣֲײꯡ֮սͬȡ
ϣѪȾǿȻ˾칦ɵͥһ·硣
ȻشһսȴԽ߰ǰ䡣
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1438 Ұ
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Ӧһ䣬ɫ籩ȫ䱸
󷽣Уǰλ񽫣Ӱǰ
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λǰҲתŵصȴ
λ̫ǿˣǿļ˾
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Ѿˡ
ʱؼ䣬һ翶ϵ𺳵ĿУնƵɲǣϣ֮ͥӰƾ߳
ս֣޿ɱĵַ֮ͥת״С
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֮ܣʽʱͥȻ䣬ѳ⼫
񱩵ĳУǰֱʧλ񽫺ͥʿȫɳȥ


1439 
ͥǰ֮ͥײһȥͥ
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1440 
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ϿգѩƮ㣬ɫѩȺҪ䡣
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ʱս⣬һɫͻȻƿնףȴǿ𺳡
ȫάֺŮ۲󷽽⣬ȴѷӦ

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1441 ս
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׵һսرɫƿҡ
֪ʧأՕDƬ̵飬ǿѹ֮ͥ
ՕDǿƱȣ֮ͥදŭ˿ˡ
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ͬʱ籱ûӳˮΣսˮŮۡ
ַ棬Ϲŵľױܣɽ֮ǿƶˮŮۡ
֮սսʼȫȻ
֮սؼʱ̣һɫս֣ףشˮŮۡ
绪ȾŭŮ۱춯صɢ
ǧѩƮ㣬Ŀذס
ޱȿֲ֮ϣѿѩٴ䣬·˾޴Ŀӣѩй˼䡣
սУӽƣ˵Ľ޽ӽ˵еĵ徳
ӳŽӢΪ֮񳯣ӽ޽ӽһ
֣ɱΣ
ӽԶİ׷ӣڵ
𣬵ԡ
Ȼ֪ӽΪҪǣ˵ĵ˱ѡ
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Сգ
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ˮŮ̧֣һǰߡ
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֪룬ˮŮ۳ŭһԪϣֱ˳ȥ
ӽɫ΢䣬̱ܿ
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ţ̤쾳һʰ㣡
ϣŭ𣬲ʱԶȥʧ١


1442 ٷɽ
籱ҿӽܡ
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Уӽɫ£ӽս֣Ӱӹűٵȥ
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1443 ˼
磬ַɽՕD˪
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DΪϽ򵽶磬Ȼ׷ֱˣ̶գ̤磬ݶ飬
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üڤ磬ҲΪܱܿϹʱش١
ܡ
ֱӷ񶨵СζҲܵӰ죬Ĵɽħ̶ҪԶڣǸ˵ԭ򣬵ش٣ͲᲨ硣


1444 ڵ
֪عںֱˣ
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˼ľδ磬ǿȻδѣ֪ع˼䣬ѰҶɽ֮
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֪Ҳܿ˴֮٣ڶ޷⡣
Դ츮ײڤ磬ںͽ֦ͬԷָ
ľѾ˾ˣȴǼӰ죬УȻŲΪ֪飬ұҵеԵɡ
΢΢𣬵ҪȥѰң
⼫֮ء
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ħ¶΢Цʮǰɽ֮Լ²ʮ󣬻ֵˡ


1445 俪ʼ
˼䣬֪عݣõӡֱȥ
ʱȣشʱܵûʱͣ
˼Ѻ۱鲼ĩ֮ɡ
˼ĻߣȫŬ뷽跨硣
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һգޱ⣬Ӱֱ֣ӽ񾳡
УиУ׿ʣ¶ɫ
Ϣǣ

һ̣ϣ߳ǰߣڵף

ǰ
ǰߣޱ񾳵ˣض񡣡
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λ˼ǿ߸·գҲ˴˵е֮
ޱ޼ʵޣͷмΪ֪
Ϊ߶ԴеӡҪ֮
̼䣬ǿոĵ˵Ĺ𣬺˵ǳ޾ʱңӦ
𣡡
׻ȸ䣬ĵ޴ӰǿվͷԴԴϵıԴѹķء


1446 
˼䣬ǿվͷ֪ġߡ¥λ˼ǿ֣߶ӡ̫֮
ǿվͷĵ޴ŭǰ޴ֲ֣Ϣᴩأҡǳ
쳣Уӡ⻪ʢؼ׳
˵һĻԴԴϵıԴء
գؾͷϱٵǿսֹͣѺۿɼٶѸ޸ĩ֮پת֮ס
ɹˣ
ķ¶ϲɫΧ޸ǿգڷ
ͬʱ磬ħϿգɫ΢
޸ûٳ쳣ػָ͡
ɹ
ϷǰՕDͬǰĿʣ¶ɫ
֮侹ȻѾʼӰ쵽磬Уʧܣ롣
˼䣬ǿվͷպӰȥǰʧ
ûгֹȥ
˵˵һֹҪʱɳϣü
뿪˻ع飬ޱǰǰһһڵл
ĵһȥػħչء
߻񾳣˼䡣
ǰֻʣ¥ˣһۣ¶Цݡ
֪ĪҪĳŵ¥Ц
Ȼ
ͷһ˼һЩʱ䣬֮ʧһȥسǴ¥һǰ硣
һΪ
һΪ
Լ¥ûڶתȥ
ޱǰ¥뿪ıӰƬ̣ȥ
ºǿձӰûоκˡ
˼䣬ȷ֮Ƿʧ⣬һЩ˽Ҫ˽ᡣ
һ£ҵѾͷ
״̬˼䣬Ѿͷ㱻ôȥҲ֪ûС
Ӱ۶ѪǣѰҰ١
ºͷһ˼ϣӰĿ⿴·ǣ¶ɫ

ϣдУĴǣʮֹϡ
ϣʶͿѰϢ
ʱһɫ
ҵˣ
Ųӿ죬Ӱ⣬ǰжȥ
ǰ½ͷ½غͺĽ紦һ޴Ĺǰ
ͣ½ŲĿ⿴ǰ¶ɫ
޴Ĺ
ϲûвϢ˵ﲻκżŶԡ
ѵµĹ
˼Ƭ̣ǰƿ˹Ĵš
¡¡𣬹ſ޾µҲٶȳ˼䡣
УʶͿȫ䱸
ڣ쳣һһֱȥûͣ
ϢӦúܽˡ
ԽȥеĸӦԽǿȻ⸽
УһλսεŮȻ֪ڴ˶á
ȻûãΧ𺣽ɢȥͬУ
ʱ֮ǰӰĿ⿴ſеİ¶ϲɫ
ҵˡ
֣˽֣һնҪնǰ硣
䣡
û磬˵һĻһ޼᲻ݵļ֮Ǳɣûκβ
״ɫһô¡
Ϭʮʽ٣
ЧһԪ뾪ϯٺǰ硣
һ̣춯صײƾ룬ңʱٶȷ仯
¡¡𶯣쳹أ׽֯״ݻƿնƾ
׺ǰܵӰ
ˣ
Ŀ⿴ǰ¶ɫ
˼䣬µ
Ȼ磬ܵסĵطҲ࣬˼
ϵΣҴ⣬ַת컯顣
ȣ
һȣԪӿ߶֮ܣȫۡ
ӿĻԪУ֣ױҫ۵Ĺâ
̧֣סɽڽУһⲻڡ
ɲǼ䣬ؼ䣬â죬ǿޱȵĽǡ
һأ񱩵ӣǰ׺
ҵײУɢǰֲ׺

ǰŮģŮӣɫº쳣
Ȼ׺УûлӦһ

ٴκһڵȥ
ȴƬ̺ǰûκλӦ·ʲôû
һ̣УһɲõԤС
شң
Ӱǰִ塣
䡢¶ȵĴдӺݺһޱߵĿ־塣

òһԪû밢ڣ鿴Ϣ
أһģ
ޱߵľӲϵĲʹ

˫Уˮӳһ̣¡
ô
䣡
ʧأĽܵӰ죬£ֱӺ俪赲֪֮
ǣѪһٴ۵Ѫ˿̣ȴ·֪

˻Ƶĺ΢ļŰӣľҲˮ¡
֪˴ǰ̸ȴŰʧȥ¶ȵ壬ȻԼĴ
ϣ£һһκϣ俪Ѫ⣬ǡ
ħԶգ޸ش壬ȻȫֿĻָٶȣԶԶƻٶȡ
յһĻĻǰӦʹ˵

һһ£ʱôҲû뵽ǰѾͷԶȥ
䣡
ʣ£Ȼ˫֮ϣֱֲ֮Ӻȹǡ
ѪɽȾһ£ӹ£˫ȴɽŻŮӣ֪֪ʹ
ʧģǰǰȻȴʲôǣʲôΣʲôǻš
ʣ׼ǣѪȾµÿأȻħȫɥʧ־֪
ͬʱϽУиУɫһ
˾
첽߳Ŀ⿴˼䣬¶Ȼ
˺£˾ڵ֮죡
ôˣ
ʱǰՕDӰ֣ǰ񣬿ʵ˺£
˾ˡ
ص֮Ѹʧ
ՕDԣ¶ɫˣ˼䣬Ӧû˵ǡ
᲻֪
Խ꣬˫ֽ߬˺£ܸܵ˾еľ־ĸоʵ̫ˡ
Ҫȥ˼䡣
תȥ
ՕDԣɫһ䣬Ҫֹȴѹ
һ̣¹ŵأ̨Ͽգ»һ֮˼䡣


1447 ľ
¹ŵأ»콵һǧ𺳵ĿУ·˼䡣
μ񣡡
̳ǰǧһлع񣬹
ޱȵӣһ֮۶ɵǿ쳣ȥѷɫı塣
ɡ
̳ϣӰ̤¹ŵضҡ
̳ǰǧĿ⿴ǰв֡
˾ˣҪȥ
ʱȣӦԼµƽ˵һ䣬̤ڿնȻǿա
ǿռ䣬»䣬Ӱɹٱжȥ
ͷϵϣδ֪ڣأϴݲ֪塣
׺УһѪ˫۽ŻеŮӣƾ׼಻ɿƬ̡
ȹǡǡǣУ飬ףȥ֪
ħų֣ǿס֪һ˿
׹ɭȻɼӵǿֲѺۣ쳣

Уţ˫ĿʧҲһ˿⻪
Īųǧյ֪һǧٿףյľ䣬Ϊѹ֪һݣǿ֪Ҳˡ
ǧޣǧȴǧս֪һֻΪػ䰮֮ˣȻȴǻʲô
Ӳ֪
䣡
ϣ䣬ϣһǱ٣Ѫɽ޶Ŀ
˾
ʱ׺֮⣬׷Ϣ񿴵ǰһĻӺݺһ
˾ΣڵϦ񲻸Ƭ̳ɣһȣ֮ӿ»ƣһĳǿǰ赲
¡¡֮ס׺
䣡
ϣ콵ֲܺ俪ֱ֮֮ϡ
һģܵӰ죬𲻶
ڰһ֮޾Ѹȹ塣
סΣǰȥ
׺أʶҲ֮ʡ
ȻֻҪ׺ĻڣеͲ£Ĩɱһ顣
˾
ðΣǰִˣæ׺ȥ
䣡
ϣ£ֱӺڻ֪ϣһ޵Ѫ
Ͳսǧ·Լ֪彾ӣȴ⣬ܰİ
һأΨжмӡ
йˣ໥֪ѣϧƴȡ
⣬˳ܵ׳ĲС
ɳ
ϣС«ɳ۾ˮ׺вҳ֣׺ʩȡ
һԣ̧֮ǣؼԴԴû֪ڡ
֣쳣ʼѸ޸ϹܣѪ
һ̣ħܣ۶ص˴ۿɼٶȸԭʱָ
˾
֣Ͼǵ֮ɫ
ɳѽ
С«ֲ۽ˮҭ
ǰ˵ĺУ˫ۻնţ˿κ˼С
˾
ǰ¶ϲɫҪ˵ɫͻȻһ
˾۾
ɳˡ
С«ȥԴ
ûˡ
С«Դ
С«̧СԴģ
ġ
ͷǿ¶΢Ц
С«棬м٣ĵص˵ͷλƵطɻС
˾۾
ǰ׷˿ն˫ۣбʹʵ
¡
ƽ˶ѣߣ˫ûвӰ졣
ֽ߬аڡ
ôûжһ֮ȻԸʶǣǿʶܴ˫ۡ
˫ΨһܱɫʵĶʧȥ˫ۣҲûй
񣬶лǰȣ֮˲·㻹ǿЩȥɣȻĻġն˫ۿǰ΢Ц
¶֮ɫƬ̺˵ͷҲ硣
˼꣬ұȥɴ΢Ц
ף̾ûٶ˵һȥ
Ǹ궼ûˣвҩѲ
վڹǰע뿪ãתڵϵİԶȥ
İ꣬绹˼䣬Ҳû˼·һ㣬ʧټ
ʱ䣬سУ¥ĵصȴδƬļ
֪֪ġ
ֻҪ֪š
֪թաıƣǣΪŵһԼȳ
졢ҫǿУһһʱ䣬Ṳ̋ǿÿ䣬عͷС
¹ȥһϢøӿ£׷裬ħ
ǰ߳һɢĴѸٱ⿪
ֲĽѹȰǰǿʧȥΪͻͽҪҪһ
ʱ䣬ĽøӴ⣬ϼ⣬Ψг׵Ļ
Уϸһɫľ
ʱ׺ǰһѹǰǿɢ
ɢУǰ°׷Ⱦ˳
£궼ʧֻʣ꣬ٶɱ˻
£ɢ˼ֺ֪
׺ͷһ֣ϣǰϣһˡ
˵Ϣ쳣ǿȻֻӡǣĵ徳ǿ಻ضá
ն˫ɨˣһϵĹľ£ս
ͨ˿飬ɵɴС
ϣһλڣƽ
ˣ
˵һ䣬ˣֻΪɱǣ
䣬ɷâҫĿնˡ
λɵľּ״̳衣
Ȼ֪Ľѽȡ
Уɱ仯Ī⣬ϣһѪɫ˿֣߳ݺύǰˡ
λɵľֱò̱Ѫɫ˿סơ
һ̣ն˻

λɵĴ߿ƺ𣬻屻ɽն
˻飬˲Ϣ䣬£ΪһɻĹŽնǰ֪
˿Ϊɽϣɫ⻪նһն¡
Ȼһ˵ĴУŽ٣ҵնϡ
λɵĴ߻ζӰ𣬽أɢ
ն˫ۿӡǵȥɫͷβûκα仯
ǻ硣
±ľźȥ
򣬽سǣ³¥¥֮£ڵ𽣬ʰʰҪ뿪ˡ


1448 ת
¹ŵأ¥ͺ𽵽Ŀ£ٶȷ硣
񹬣Ϊǰ·˷
ºǰǰлû̫ͣãȥ
¥ͺֱȥ쾳ûͬУѡǰȥ硣
磬ַɽϣħڷϣһȱǰꡣ
һգɽǰ°׷Ӱһ˪ϰǰӲɣ
ħ𡣡
ɽϣ񣬵
ض񡣡
ħĿ⿴ǰӣڵˡ
Ӧ֮¡Ӧ
꣬ƽ֮٣Ӧʱٵġħ΢Ц
ñãҲרԼˡƽ
꣬ɣܶࡣħǰʧȥʵ˫Ŀ̾
˻ϣҵȻҲ⣬ȻòܳפϵϢȴ޷ϴȥɫƽ
ħͷĿ⿴ǰ߱ϵףѯʵˣ
ס׵
˺£ɷñһħ΢Уʵ
Ĭ׷£ֽľ
ħǰŮģŮӣ΢΢
꾡ʧħ
š
ͷһϹżҵʱѾ
֡
ħ˿̧ԴԴϵħûף̽Ůӵ
վһԣüͷ壬кβ𣿡
ˡ񡢻ǷȻȥҲʧ˸ɾλ꾡ʧǲ棬ʵ֡ħ
ɫ£ħ˼ǣ顣
Ҳλﲢû
ħλ˲ɵΣգԣ壬Աܴ٣ҲΨˣֵܽ󡣡
ԣɫһ𣬵ħ֮ԣаգ
ųϡ
ħɫӵол֮ˣǿгȡʱκƬڣȫʧпΪ֮
ףתҪ뿪
Ҫȥħ𿪿ڵ
˼䡣
֪𣿡
ħɫνңһǣôλ飬çײ
ͣ½Ųɫص壬׳£ұ뾡ҵ
˼˰꣬ҵ
ħҪľǱֻҪãҵĻᡣ
תǰ˹һ񣬵ħָ̡
Ϲʱеظڣ󣬵ظйǰȥл꣬ظ׳ظֻǣϹʱ󣬵ظ𣬷˵޷ظܿɢعأλߣǿԶˣȻ壬ʱҲ£ңʧȥ겻طƣԿȥãܵȥ˵ĵطħĽ͵
ħʶǣѾ˼䡣
ܡ
ħƽ񣬶ڰ˵һȥ˿֪
ʲô취껽磿
л֮Ტó
˵䣬ħĿ⿴籱ˮ϶˽⣬ԶκȥλŮۡ
Ůۣ
ǸŮˣ
Ůˣüͷ
ŮۣӡʵڲôãλˮŮȷʵŲ֮ϴνսش֪ΪΣǸŮȴͻȻָԵɣûס
֮䣬Թ٣ȥǸŮˣ»вѡ
лħָ㡣
лűȥ
ħǰȥıӰһЦ
˽㣬˵㣬顣
ֻǣҪˮŮеõɲһ׵顣
ˮƵ۹λŮУϣʺˮŮذɴϣ绪գ˳ԡ
ʱϿգƿգٳŵ۹ȥ
ˮƵ۹ڣŮиУ˫ۻ¶һĨ΢Ц
Сˡ
ʱˮƵ۹ǰӰףһǰ
Ůۡ
۹ǰɫ
ˮƵ۹ڣһλλŮ¶ɫ
λ˾ˣ
Ůۣ𣿡
һλˮŮʵ

ʺŮ¶΢Цڵվһɡ
˵꣬Ů˫۱ϣĿ
·һλλŮŮҪ
ˮƵ۹⣬վȺɫûκν
²òͷ˭ԣ֮ǰѾ׼
䣡
ûãˮƵ۹Ͽգ״ڱգ˵¾¡
Уһܿʪ͸ȴûж赲
ˮƵ۹ڣλˮŮܵ꣬¶Ź֮ɫ
ˮƵ۹ôܻͻȻꣿ
λŮĿȫʺŮۣȻ
Ů۵ΪͶ֮ͿӰһصⳡ꣬µʵ̫ʱ
ˮƵ۹⣬ʮգҲվʮա
ˮʪ׷͸£ʼȴû뿪ԭذ벽
£
ʱ۹Уһ𣬵
УĬĬϥ
֪һǿȨϥǣɼ
ȻˮƵ۹ǰȴǺԥعӡ
һ˸š
磬ַɽϣħűȴʮ󣬿ڵŮۣ˴ˡ
ˮƵ۹УŮԣһЦ֮£Ͳħˡ
ɽϣħһ̾һΣ
ˮŮ۵飬һĪ⣬ҪŮ£Ϳ˵ľĵжôˡ


1449 
ˮƵ۹Χʮ꣬Ҳڵ۹ǰʮꡣ
ʮʱ䣬δƬ̣Ҳδ˵һ仰
˵ʮʱ䲢̫ãǣ˭ڱǰʮꡣ
裬ͨ˶ԳܣҪ˵һǵ֪
Ȼ裬ȴǳӲڵ۹ǰʮꡣ
ˮƵ۹ڣλˮŮĬΪǸ˻ܲ裬Ȼ뿪룬ʮȥȻ
۹ǰУն˫ۿһ˿⻪Įޡ
ʮǰһ٣ǼһȴԶʧȥ˹
ħ޸κƣȴ޸Ĵˡ
Դˣ⣬ͬڵ۹ǰʮꡣ
ֻҪܻذĻǣȻٹһ꣬Թ޻ڡ
ɡ
ʱˮƵ۹УŮ۵ƽ
䣬۹ϿգȻֹɢȥշ硣
лŮۡ
۹ǰһǰȥ
ˮƵ۹ڣ֮ϣȥŮ۵ӰΨǿ쳣ĵ˲ҷ
Ůۡ
ɫ
ϣŮ߳Ŀ⿴ŵµˣƽ˵ɣ˺£
ϵ׷£ƿףҪŮ۳֣ذĻǡ
ŮǰĿ⿴ף΢΢
꾡ʧ
۲Ƭ̣ŮջĿ⣬绪¶һĨ΢ЦΪʲôҪ㣿
ŮۿԼ
κŮ΢䣬ʵ
κͷ
ŮĿ⿴´ǰˣ겻˱仯ʵС
ҪأŮ΢Ц
ֻҪŮۿϳȰŮ۵ģǡ
˵̧ͷն˫ۿǰˮŮۣڵŮ۸ǧʱ䣬Լʹ˫ֽԼϡ
ǧ꣬
Ů۵ȵ𣬺ãһΡ
˵꣬Ů̧֣ۻԵԪС
ɲǼ䣬ˮƵ۹ϿգƬ˲
УŮӰǰҲ֮ڿա
һ̣֮䣬һϵ𣬲ӣ硣
Բãã˸־ο˼ʥⱡǽһҵ
峤⻹磬Բʱ;˲˲
ˮ֮磬˪ѩࡣ飬ʱޡ
䣡
֮ϣϴŮչ˫ֽӡٻꡣ
ͬʱδ֪ؽ磬һλŮģŮ΢΢һĿ⿴Զ¶ã֮ɫ

꣬ʶãΨһ֣ȴǿ꣬
籱Ůۻ꣬һԪޣ޴г֣ǧĻһ˷Ҫ
ģŮϼ飬ٻꡣ
ʱһչȥϿգѲ֪ۼȻĻȴʼûг֡
ʮգʮգδ飬ŮɫҲ¡
·ն˫ϿգһֱܲϢҲԽء
ƣ
ʱ佫Ůһȣ̧ԪΪơ
һ̣УĿڴһѪɳΪоȼ·֮档
ɢ
Ůۻ֣еֱӽۼǧȫɳȥ
ϣȼƵŮӰָףĿ⿴ǰ׷ˣŮĴܹȼ˵Ů껹䣬ֻǣ֪Ϊ޷ֻЩҪԼȥŮѰء
ԣɫһ𣬳ǰˮŮ۹һ񣬵лŮ
أסĳŵɡ
Ůۻ֣ͳƽյƻָҵ꣬мƲ겻ѻɢ
ӹƣ˵ͷٶȸڱϣŵ۹ȥ
۹УλˮŮǰȥıӰ¶ɫ
ŮۣλĻ𣿡һλˮŮڣѯʵ
š
Ůƽ̫룬쾳޷˺һĵز壬ʱлɢĿܣŵĴƣѲ̫˵λѿʼֲ֮ף뾡Ѱزſɡ
Ͽգ˼ӹչᣬҡֱϾ
ָǰУǰȥѰҰꡣ
֮ϣ޼ӰɳңԶȥ
죬ڶ죬Ҳһ죬˼۶ǰ˻ȻײϿռޡ
磬ſռϵĴڣ֮䣬Ƶķ
ȻָԶ⣬Ҫ뾭졣
ѡӲײռϡ
¡¡𶯣쳹أʵԶԽľ֪˸ӲԾ˵ײ˿ռϡ
ռϳѺۣٶײȥһһΣѪȾա
ڣײ󣬾ƿռϣûڡ
ϣиУѸ޸Ŀռϡ
ڣ˼ۣٶȿޣûκͣȥ
һ̣Уһλλ쾳Ŀ⿴ʣ¶ɫ
ˣ
᲻
λ쾳УһλԪҪͷ˫ۣĿ⿴գ¶ȵĹ⻪
Ѫų֮ЧκδҩãֻҪɱˣõѪаٻһ
Χʮɽ¡¡𶯣
棡
иУĿ⿴ʮɽ¶𺳡
λ쾳Ҫ


1450 ڹ
쾳죬죬ȥ
ڣʮɽУӳ˯ֲ˷۶ӿɱĹڡ
֮ʮδֹķˣȫһ
쾳ԪȴҲǲ࣬޾£ȴǸη塣
ջԭʴġ
֮ϣƿң·ʮɽ
ʮصϹֻѾ˻׽٣Ҫϴ䲻ȥĹ
У߳һϵ£ݿ£ȴǸһѹ
쾳쾳ǿߣ˿ѷɫĴľǿߣ¸
䣬þñʱڣͬ쾳λܵʮɽĿֲѹ¶ɫ
ʵǰǿˣ벻ԪľĹ澹ͻơ
ÿʱÿʱ콾쾳ʮǿߣû֮һ
ʮɽҲ쾳ľأȻҲ̤㡣
֮ϣǰеҲܵԶĿѹûκͣȥ
ƵĻԽԽ΢뾡ҵꡣ
䣡
ʮɽУݻ˼ɽȻȴ֪һǰϢԽˡ
ʮϢʮʮ֮䣬Ϊָ壬ֲ쳣ѹѸٸ쾳
ϣиУɫ¡
Ϣǳģ
һ̣·ϣһ޴Ĺ֣Զʱ䣬ȴżֲͬ
٣˽֪˵ıһֻ꣬쾳ɾλ
Ȼ£ȻľԪнľ
񳯣˳ȻϧһУȫһ
£ꡢˣλʽ棬ֲѹϳ
ϣӰ쳣ɽǰС
ΪĹ棬ֹȥ
ɫ£գԻ
Ϲ׽ƾˣʱϣ޾ɷӳɽ֮
䣡
ٶȳನ𵴣ϣӰ׹£оն·ꡣ
ɫһ䣬ɿݵ̧Ȼɽ
񱩵ӿȷ˵Ӱ˲ʧ
Ľ˫ĿäȴäɽȷɱвҪ
¡¡𶯣ʮɽУ˽սһɽನݻ٣ʯ׷ɣҳһһ޴ӡ
£Ϊոһ׻Ϊɱ¾֮
ɱ¾κʣ֮䣬飬Ҫɱǰ쾳
۹棬ΪͶ㣬л֮˽棬һʱ˫
ǿĽǿ˴ս˭û֡
Ľ̫ˣ
սʮУһץסɽһƣ֪š
쾳еľǿߣˣ˰벽ܿǰƾâоɽ˳նɽȨ
üɿɽԪǿޱȵһƣٶȺ
̫һ
ƾǰ̤һնӲС
潻棬ҵײֻɽâֱնǰȥ
ɫһӰܿĽ
䣡
󷽣һ߷ֱӱһƽ˵ܣġ
ɽ¡¡𶯣ɽݣиУɫ׳¡
˵ʵ𾪡
쾳ȴŲ쾳ʵʱ
ţ
ǰž޵Ľߣ治ҲУһȣ׿֮䡣
һ̣սУ֣˽£޴̳֣ת֮Դ
ΧϵĴų֣ÿһڣ˿־ľѹ
ģɫ£˫ĿȻȴܸܵΧµѹ
ǰδҴ⣬оɲأ
ⲻ󷨣
䣬Ӱʧ˲֪֮ǰǿޱȵһƺȻĳ
˲ˣȴ˰벽һƺߣ˳
ѪȾ£üͷ壬ֲѪ
϶ΪϹȻЩ¡

һսηκˣһӰͬٶȣ˲ǰ
ն磬ȴһ̣ӰٶϢϢ
˲ϢһУӰ֣鲼һȭ
иУӲȴ˰벽һ޵Ѫ
ħչܣܴ֮Ѹ޸üͷٶ
ռ֮
ǣȴֲ̫񣬷ŵ֮ô£

Ϊ֤ɻɽ޾ĽƿնΪնǰ档
֮УأϹܵĿռ䡣
ЦӰˣû󷽵ĴС

һ֮һƣֱնš
¡¡𶯣ٶ𣬽ûţʧ
˵һĻűΨһӰһУӰӳһƣ춯һƣ˳ȥ
ܾˣ
ףն˫Ĺ棬Ԫһն˹ȥ
ն춯صһưޱȣײ񱩵ӿˡ
һѪɢ죬Ӱ˳벽סΡ
ڰǰؿǰһѪ۳֣Ŀ쳣
״ն˫΢΢һ
žΪϹûٽȥܡ
˼ˣӰӹǰ
һն飬Ľֱնգƾ쳣
ӲһͬʱһĳǿƻС
ƾ۹ϣӰãܿһƣ
಻Ľ⣬籩꣬档
н棬תУվһǰȴʼûнȥ
Ϭʮʽ٣
֮ԪڣΪٲ
һƣݿ࣬ɫһԪڣͬһӭϡ
䣡
ֲĴɾ˵ײ˴š
ǰͬ˳ն˫ǰɫ¡
Ȼˣ淽Ŵų޷ٽȥ

սУܴɱʢһ̤ǿƷˡ
ϵ񳯾ԾΪϣ޴Ӱ֣ӳΪ
һƣزὣУȻһӰɳ
һ̤ٶǰ
󣬹һȭ
һӰٶȱɳȥѪȾս
淴ˣսбơ
ΪĲ࣬˷սУػȻ׹ı
ƾ˿գӰͬ۹·
Ͽգ
·ӽһӭȥ
ƽӣ𵴣£ؿѣݺӣֱʮɽ֮⡣
˵һսλ־չΪʮɽ٣һɽ屻˴սನɨɷ档
ϬʮʽѺֺ飡
ߣԪһƣٶĳ
ɲǼ䣬֮ϣħӿһƿգ˹档
սַַֿ컯Ի
֮ػɽݣ
֣֮УأǿĽûأʮɽĵؽ綼֮
һ̣֮£ƿն·
֮
ɫһ⻪ʢ޴Ӱ֣ס
򽣳֮ҵ֮ǿе򽣣ٶһȣһȭڴϣٴηˡ
¡¡
ѿɽҡضȭ͸أϮ
һ̤У컯鼱ٷת
֮˫
Ӱö羪ףǧٶƿն
ЦӰûĴС
ɫһٶȽ䱸
˲ϢԶĴУӰӳϯٶȿޡ
¡һȭֵƸӿֲǿӦһӭϣٵС

ƺǣѪȾ졣
ʵȷԤϣҲˣ
˵һ䣬˫ƽУ֮ͬʱɳʱ󣬿ϯ
֮ӳ֣ѹһУƿն
ǰиУ컯գ鷭ת
֮ӳ֣һѩӿ˫˻ѩ֮֡
Ϭʮʽٳ񷣡
ѧޣ˼ѧսΪ
սУ֮ٳܻ֮ҳƬ̣׳ưٳǰ
콣
ϣ˫սһڣնն¡
罣ƣأȻһֱնףǰĹ档
תսʱ仯ӰûԱߵĴС
ţ첻ܵսӰʧĹٶ˿ա
ϣΧİţɫ쳣
ڹǲöԸ


1451 
쾳ʮɽսȫȻսУɫ쳣
ڣѾȷţÿһһֱԴϹܹ⶯еҲԽбܻ
ǣͬһõڶΣҲ˵һų󣬶ʱڱ㲻ٽȥ
ܹаţ㲻ȥڶΣʣµѡɺܶࡣ
˵ţս
ֻǣκı󣬶вΪ֪
УӰʧ˲ϢϢӳ
ˮ֮£չֱԴ֮ǿѹǰ֪
ɫ΢һɢѩϯΪϣӲˮ֮
ˮδһƿն
ɣ
ڣĽ׶ͬɽ
䣡
һ̣ϣ
֮ɽͬиУ´١

֣һӹֱɢŭס
ǰǧƿն˫ֳ˫뿪侪

˫ֲĻ֮˫Ϊƿն
˫磬޼᲻ݣǧˮɵı̱׻ȥƲֹնǰ档
ֲɽ֮Σǰδɫ𶯣̳һԵĴȥ
ǰӰӹ̧ץ档
ǰ룬ץסļ򣬸Ҫ׼קڣһǿޱȵųֱӽɳȥ
ͬʱĴУӰ֣ȫһƣġ
һƣ飬ǣѪӿȾѪ¡
Ȼһ̣ǰͬʱɺϣȻնǰұۡ

ұ壬һҺʹɫŤ
ŵһĻӲϲû뵽ɽɺϵĳ֡
ǰ˫֣ǿסӰԪӿǿѹơ
Ϊϵһۣٶչ־˵ս飬飬ԵˣԼˡ
㣡
ӲԪӿѹơ
սתӰûƬͣٶӹ˫նԽ
ʧȥһۣ½ڽںˣʱһ֮С
Ϳʶ˫ʱֵܳĵˡ
˲ϢڵһУӰ֣һɫ⻪֮޼᲻ݡ
иУܣӭȥ
ɡɻײ̶ĦӰӰתɻΪǿйסڶֱۡ

˵ı֣δԤϣֻ۾ʹѪӿ

ĺ𣬹ɫŤ۷ɳնϡ
УɻָػΡ
ͭǸ֣ɽ²أ
ߵˮâ
¾ɵ⣻
ɱ仯ѪȾѡ
Ϲʱĸҥ֪京ȴ֮١
񳯣Уɽֿɱ仯Ⱦ졣
˫ϣˣϵһ¶־֮ɫ
û޵еսȷʵǿֻǣ̫ˡ
˵һ䣬Ӱӹ羪衣
Ҫֵֵһ̣ͻȻ˫ʧ
ǿ߶սƬ̳Ȼһ˲ɽƿնһ
壬˲һ壬æһȥ
Ȼȴ絽һӰǰɻ
㣡
˵ĻҲûл˵ɢʧ֮䡣
սɢߵǰһħԪӿС
ħˡƽ˵
ףħӦ
˫Ͽգûжһ̤ʡ
쾳Уһλλ쾳ֿһս˿̣ɫ𺳡
澹սˣ
쾳УνõһˣΪµһû뵽ȴһδ쾳С
Ȼˣˡ
쾳Уһλǿһ
ȷ۷壬ȴҲСǸɱ˵ʵ޽ӽĶ塣󷽣һλӿ˵
ʣ˼ӹɱûƬͣЪ·
ƵĻȻԽԽҲԽԽż
ң԰İΣȻ侲ʱҲ޷ƽ
죬Խ쾳ؾͷӰ⡣
⣬ӰǰУݴƵָ졣
ңԶ·̣·Զûоͷ͵м䣬һ޴ĸ֣쳣˿ѷɫһƬء
ӰӹϿʱһΧʧش׹
¡һ֮ϣ׹䣬ҳһ޴ӡ
УС«¶֮ɫҪɳȴδ֪Դ
£Ǳ𣬸ҪͿʶ֪Χȴʶ޷Ϳ
ʶƣΪ౻ѹƣΧ磬̱仯ڰ
ʧȥߵ뷲죬Ҳ޷ʶ֪Χ
Ƶĵƻ΢΢ȻҪϨ
¶֮ɫ̳Ŵȥ
ʱ䲻ˣҪϽҵ
ʧȥʧȥʶ֮äһӣһ֦һ̽·һ߿첽ǰȥ
δ֪ǰ·Ϊ־壬ä㲻ߵ̫죬Ϊߵ̫죬װ
˫࿴Ȼܿȴֹ֮
Ȼһ²ȿգǱ·ȥ
޴ɽ壬ӹ£ײ˾ʯѪ䡣
ƽ޵ϵµĽߣʧȥһкñͨķ˸硣
ɽ£Ǳ𣬼ǰȥ
·̣֪ˤ˼Σһδˤһδ
ߵĺܿ죬Ϊн˷˿־壬˷˶δ֪η塣
ԶɽĹ֣Ⱥ
ɽеĹˮòǿö
飬㿴ˣ
һλɲĹ￴Զڵ
Ĺ˳ǰָķȥС¶ɫһˡ
λɲĹעУ֦һ̽·һǰС
۾񿴲һλɲĹ￪ڣ¶֮ɫ
ȥæ
˵һ䣬Сǰ
飬ȵǡ
棬λɲĹæϡ
Զܵ˵¶һĨϲɫ
ˣ
λӣҪȥ
ǰǰһѪ۵Ǳӣ¶̣ʵ
Ҫ뿪
Ͼ¶֮ɫʵ֪Ҫ뿪𣿡

ԣ¶ɫʲô
󷽣λɲŮͬ¶֮ɫе
ɫһܿ췴Ӧܿһķȴǲܡ
⸽𣿡
У򶫷ߣ֮һǣߡش
л
Ӧһ䣬ķ򣬱ǰȥ
飬ȥɡ
λɲŮǰ׷ӼѵĲ¶֮ɫ˵
š
ͷٶСǰӣɽ·;ߣǴȥɡ
¶м֮ɫл
λɲŮ·ûã߳˴ɽλĲɲŮл󣬱·
˺ÿ󷽣һλɲŮ
ǰ
һλɲŮֻ̾ǣܰҲֻЩˡ
еĽ£ǰУӰڻҰϣ˵Ĺµ
ǰϦʱŹر֮ʱС
һϹӣ
ŵĽʿǰѪ۵ˣ˼£ˡ
ҹɫ٣Уҵƻ𣬹ϵĳǳأȻȴʮַ
ڳнֵϣһԷ֮ܵ伲ࡣ
ڰޱ޼ʵĺڰǰκιΨп˫ǿ
УС«ϾǽҪæ·ȴǳȥ
ÿ
ڰУǰһͷ𣬲֪ʲôһѣбײ˺󷽵ˡ
û۾Ϲ𣡡
󷽣һŭ
Ǹ
ײˣ̿ڵл˺ÿ·
Ϲӣ
ĴЦ߹һѣǰȥ
ǾȻϹӶ۸ҪҪ
ʱһλ𣬴򱧲ƽ
Ӵޣ𣬶ҹܴү顣
Ц𣬻˳֣һǻѪȴǱݺһ١

ʩﳤȥ
ڵϣ
ȥ֣ڵл
꿴ǰˣǰ֮վ
Բûãû취ֲ۽ˮ˵
㹻ˡ
¶΢Цǣ𣿡
ߣ
ԣɫһƬ̺˵ͷУǰݣҴȥ
лӦ
ҹɫУ·һͬǰȥ
ͨݣǰˡ
̧ͷն˫ۿǰݣһǰȥ
󷽣һҧҲȥ


1452 
ǣͨݣ׷µǰС
Уź˷̨ϣλ׳ĺӼҴ򶷣꣬ʪ̨
̨£һλλźΪ˼͡
󷽣̨ϵսüͷ塣
Ǳ˵ߣʵ
š
ͷôˣ
¶ʧ֮ɫЩֻеȭŹͨˣԶԶ㲻ߡ
̨ϣһλӿֱ֣Ӷȥ
˭
ӿ·ˣŭȵ
̨£˳Ĭһػ

󷽣ڣƽ
һ䣬Ťͷİ׷ˣ¶֮ɫ
Ϲӣ
˿˫ۣɻ
ǰһ̤Ծ̨
Ϲӣ𣿡ӿǰˣ
룡
ûǰ֮ԣɫƽ
ߣɣδ˵۸һϹӣС
л
¶΢Цһ̤ӰǰԿ塣
˲Ϣ֮䣬ֱ֣һȭǰӺɳȥ
ĵһĻ̨ûзӦսѾ
ʲô
̨ûпղô¡
ܶ¥һУܵĹǿ·ɫͬ¡
á
̨ϣն˫Ŀ·ڵ
Ҳ
̨£Ǳŭһ֣
̨ϣ¶΢Цԡ
̨һΣٴ⣬ȫע
׼𣿡ʵ
ɣӳ
ͷ̤ǰһθٶȣǰһȭͬλãٶȽӴɳȥ
Ȼһ̨֮£أˤĽų졣
á΢Ц
𣿡
ͨݶ¥һλλ¿ݸ֣
ûС
һλλݸҡͷɫص
ֻǿǸʧǺӱ˳ȥٶʵ̫ˡ
ѵˣλ
飬ȥ
һλ¿ڣӣڵ
ǣ
ͷת¥ȥ
̨Χ˿¥µĺߣ¶ɫ
飬ͨݵһ֣
̨ϣܵ˵Ĳ΢䣬һ΢ġ
̨Ŀ⿴ǰ׷ˣڵ飬ʸ¸մ
΢Ц
ԣüͷ壬δ˵˵ĸֲĬĬŲǡ
룡
Ƭ̺ѹеĲĿ⿴ǰߣڵ
룡
ͷ
Ѿȶˣȷˡ
һ̤˫չֳ˵ıһӰǰ
ļޣϾɣΪͨݵһ֣ǿ˽֪
ȻȻǿ󣬵ǣǿ
Ӱٶȣֱֵֻϡ
Ȼһ£ʧս
·˿һĻϾ𾪡
˺ŵĶϲ£ôҲ뵽ȵˣȻһ֡
ͨݶ¥Уһλλɫ𺳸ڡ
ȥ
һλ¿ڣ
ǣ
󷽣һλ欵Ůһ¥ȥ
ʱŲ̊ǰİ׷ˣڵӣ롣
ԣͷ̨ŮһͬŶ¥ȥ
¥İڣͨݴĿ⿴ǰˣϸ
ĸ֣Ϊ֮ǰδ
ʣɫ
ָָ죬ûж˵ʲô
¼״ɫԽȻˡ
û𣿡ʴ
ֻСǣûˡɫһ𣬹ش
ˣ
΢΢ԭ˽Ϊˡ
⸽ˣٶʵ
ǧ⣬һǣǣ˵򡣡¹Ӧ
ǧ
üʵЩԶ
¸񣬵ȥͨݿΪ׼ʱԣ
ͷƽ˱лˡ
֮ͣ
΢΢ףûٶһ¥ȥ
һԣ欵ŮӸæǰϾǳ֮ɫ
һ¥꿴һ̣ǰ
л
߹ߣڵʺܺãϰ䣬ĳɾͲκ֮¡
¶ϲ֮ɫ𣿡
ġ
ͷ΢Ц
ҧҧǰ˹һ񣬵ҡ
ûʱˡ
̾룬ֱֻۣѪϣֻЩˡ
Ѫֻܵһ㣬ӲԾ
¥ͨݴ¿·龰ɫ쳣
˵ѪĳɾͶȻ
ͨһֱϿɣΪͨݴδˣǰ꣬ͨĻᡣ
úϰ䡣
ļͨȥ
欵Ůһ·ͨ⣬׼ƥȴ
Ҫ׼뿪һԣ欵ŮӿڵӣܷһȥҿΪӴ·
ԣˡ
欵ŮӲϷȡȻˣϾж㣬ڣٿԸ·Ҳʧʲô
΢ЦҪʲô
欵ŮҧҧһͷصĻᡣ
Цݸʢã
欵Ů¶ϲɫлӣҽҦϣܼסҵ֡
ͷڲͬ
ӵȵҡ
Ҧ˵һ䣬첽뿪ʱһƥӣ߰ɡ
ݣ
ףûٵ飬뿪
Ҧϣһͬųȥ
콫ʱŴ򿪣ţŶȥ
Ƕǧǣºҹ̵С
ǺûƬ̵飬һֱųǳĵ츮ȥ
츮ƽ츮֮ժ¥ϣ·¶΢Ц
츮֮󷽣λµӾϢӿ쳣ǿ
и֣
ʱһλӿڳ
ˡ
츮֮ͷĿ⿴Զİ׷ӣɫ
ȥ츮֮ڵ
ǣ
ǰڵĺӦ£ӰԾժ¥
ժ¥ǰأǰ

סնӿǰˣ¶΢Ц
룡ӿڵ
̧ͷϿյժ¥ȻܸܵһǿϢ
ҦȺ򡣡
꣬һ̤ǣժ¥Ծȥ
ʧȥΪʶİʱ䣬Ӧ޷ֹܵĶжͳ˲
ժ¥ӰԾĿ⿴ǰ츮֮
űܵһ֣ʵᾪȡ츮֮΢Ц

΢ЦˣҪ̡
޷츮֮ش
뿪磬֪ʲô취ֱ
츮֮ԣɫ΢Ҫ뿪ⷽ磿
šͷ
츮֮ԣĬãڵˣ
ǡ
û׹ڴˡ
Ȼˡ
츮֪֮̾ⷽʲô
硣
شҦ֡

츮֮׵оأϣڣΨⷽзû¿֪Ϊʲô𣿡
֪ҡͷ
Ϊ֮ء
츮֮̾ϹʱǾ֮أκ˵Ϊʶȫѹƣúͷ죬ҲԶ޷뿪
üܸܵþ޴Ҳ𣿡
С
츮֮ƽȻôѾҵһЩ˷ط֮ǣվЧޡ
˵䣬츮֮Ͽգڵ㿴һƬգҪ뿪ȥ磬վΪУ뿪ԽԶطԽǿȻǿĸۣ꣬޷뿪ⷽ硣
ۣü仹֣
Լ֣ʲô֪츮֮ƽ
ҿɷλһ档ɫ
ѡ
츮֮ҡͷԶ򣬺ܹ˽룬Ҽܼ۵ĻҲʮã
ɫ£һ񣬵븮ָ̡
츮֮һ̾Ҫȥ𣿡
һҪȥɫ
ãһΡ
츮֮ɫܼۣһ¡
ԡʵ
֪֮ǧ꣬ʱʸ򡣡츮֮¶ڴ֮ɫ
ͷģҽ򣬼ۣȻ
ˡ
˵꣬츮ַ֮һöϵƤ֣ݸǰ׷ˡ


1453 
ǰĵͼݵͼָܵ򣬲ȥ·;ңԶϣ׼ժ¥ϣ츮֮ǰˣ
ףл
ǰӹƤһ񣬵¸ǡ
һ·Сġ츮֮ѵ
ףûжߵժ¥ǰһԾժ¥
ϣҦĵصȴӰ¶ϲɫ
ǰƤݸǰŮӣڵȥ򡣡
Ҧ򿪵ͼͼϸָʹɫ΢
⾹Ȼһȥĵͼ
λã綼쳣˸ûʸ֪ҲΨЩһǿߣ֪ڡ
߰ɡ
˵һ䣬ȥ
ҦӦȥ
λãǼԶ˼ǰУƬ̵顣
ժǸϣ츮֮ԶȥӰһ̾
ˣһҪ뿪֮ˡ
ֻǣⱻ֮أô뿪
һǿ۳꣬޷οˡ
½ϣ񱼣ֻƥƣʱſͣϢ
·գҹ̵ڳܲסģ۵ڵء
ǰĿ⿴Ŷ¶ɫ
ôȥ֪ʱܵ
˼ãתŮӣƽҦұ㡣
ҦԣɫһûзӦô¡
ָ·
ȥӣڵ
³ȨҲ˲Ů֮ˣ뾡ϵ
Ҧԥһ£˫ֻǰĲӣȥ
Ҧһ̤Ŷȥ
һҦΪ۾Ϊָǰĵ·
ʧȥΪǿȴǿ쳣ÿһһ㣬ӳԶ
Ҧϣܵڶһ̱ʮֿ֡
֪ԼҪĶҪԼȡԣŻ᲻Ůӵڹߡ
֣Ķˡ
ϣԼһµµΪĶȹҲҪʻ
ؼ䣬ҦǰУһɽѸԶȥ
һ£Ҧһɽ䣬һǧٶȿ쵽ޡ
ʱ䣬˲֪˶λãȻ಻Զ
ӣһƬ߲ʵơ
һɽǰҦָԶ˷ܵž˵ڵĵطвƮɣǿܵˡ
ûжһ̤ǰȥ
صĵؽ磬һݺύһ̶֮ϡ
ǰһ߷ϣҦͣ²
ӣĵˡ
Ҧ˷֮ɫԽڣǰ򣡡
ؼķжλá
Ƭ̺Ȼһ̤ǣǰ
ϣһλλиУ˫ۣ

ϱߣһ޴ʯ䣬϶ȥߵĲ
Ҧδ̤ʯţ㱻
ʲôˣô򣡡
һλ콫ǰ·콫󷽣λȫװɫŽ䱸
´Ϊۣܹͨɫƽ͵
۴ܼ𣬻£콫ֱӾܾ
кҪ飬ϣǰȥͨһ¸мӣٴ˵
ŵĻû𣡡콫
ɫ£Ϊ꣬˫ȭ
Ȼһĵˡ

һӰ˲ָ㡢ն˲Ϣ򣬽бȫŵڵء
ϣҦ˷֮ɫ֣Ů˳ӢۣŽˣҲ⡣
ûʯţٳǰȥ
ӣ֪Ǹ𣿡Ҧʵ
֪
ƽشȥһʱ֪
˼ǰУУһλλиУӹӳ
λУһλֽ׵壬ɱǰ
иУ΢䣬ȱʲôʲô
Ӱֿ̧סս֣֮УֱӽеĹŽߡ

²ѿһӵ֮䣬ܿҪ
ӿӵ£ҦæסԼ۾˫ۡ
ɶ񣡡
һקסӣ¶ŭ֮ɫ
ûᣬǰȥ
ǰʮλֹŷһ֣ҵٷ
Уչ־˵սȻΪʧ˫ʧȥ֮޾κˡ
ϢĹʮλȫڵأ飬һһ顣
ӣ̫ˡҦ˷ܵ
ָ·
ҦĿ⿴ǰǰһܴĹȥҪΰö࣬Ǹۻ᲻档
ȥ
˵꣬Ӱٳǰȥ
ĽҦ룬һ·ϣ˺콫
ⱻĵؽ磬ǿߵҲֻк쳾ʵߺͻߣԲ
ſ쾳ʵȻƽʰЩˣҲֻǾ֮͡
ǰҦӹС
տ쳣Ҧָ·Уɫ䱸
ܸܵһɾ޴ϢǱ쾳Ҳضá
֮˳̶ȣ۵ʵ¡
ǰУͻȻŲͣ¡
ôˣӣҦ¶
ˡڵ
䣬ͷŲһ
һ̣ҦͻȻһܵһѹ
ôǷ̫ʧˡ
䣬ͷһλɫս׵Ů䣬Ӣ˷Ƿ
Ůˣ
ˣҦ¶֮ɫµ۾һŮˣ
ŮΣѵ߾ͱ𣿡Ŀ⿴ˣ
ۡ
Ҧ£նӿǰˣôʵ֮٣ܹ¡
ʱ˺󷽣һλλ룬׼׽ˡ
üͷ壬ս֮׼ʱʱ֡
£
ۿڣ
۴ˣ
һλ˿ڣ
£
ɫһ䣬ٴ˵
һΣλû˸ٶԣ׷ȥ
Уߣֻʣˣǰһǿߣڵ´ʣе񡣡
䣬ٶȹһʾǸ⡣
˵ɣ˺¡
Ҳûٶƽϣ
뿪ⷽ磬ָܹ㡣ֱ˵⣬
뿪ⷽ磿
ԣ΢΢𣬵֪Լ˵ʲô𣿡
º
ƽҪ뿪
ܡ
ɫ£֮أطͬطκ˶뿪㻹İɡ
ˣΪλҪһֱԡ
һֽա
Ƶĵؽ磬ȫѹΪʶĵطǵһμۣΪ쾳Ȼ޷뿪𣿡ɫʵ
㲻ˣ
ԣӱҫ۵Ĺ⻪


1454 ˡ
УһԣϢֲǿѹصԴϢ
ǰŮı仯ɫһüкβ𣿡
ۿǰˣעƬ̺ͻȻЦ˷
ˣڵˡ
֪ᴴ򣬹֮Ϊʲô
֮Цֹͣۿǰ׷ˣɱҪ뿪ⷽ磬ϧȻοޣͽ͡
˵䣬ַʱ֮ϣһҫɫ⻪Ĺżǿޱȵѹ£˿ѷɫκ
иУɫ䱸
̫ԣ
ѡ񣬵һɱ㣬ȡһУǧ꣬Ȼ뿪ڶᴫۣڴ쾳Ȼ֣뿪ۿǰˣ
ԣɫ£Ϊʲô
Ҳ޷
ǰĿ⿴ŵ磬֮ˣÿһѪһѪⶼܵⷽӰ̫Ѳ뿪Ҳ쾳ŷ㣬㲻֮ͬˣܵӰûôأֻҪ̤쾳뿪
쾳
õ𰸣Ц£쾳ҲֻΪ°ɡ
ĮһЦ㶼µˡ
䣬̧֣⣬һλλͻȻһ𣬲ط˴
۴ˣ
λ¶ɫ־
ڣʮλ˱һǿʢ˫գֲӣֱӽʮλ˵Ϊȫᡣ
˵һĻʮλӰ׹Ȼڴ֮ϡ
ǧ꣬һΪɢΪ˼¡
ѪУʮλϾ֮ɫ˭û뵽Ľ
ӣ
ն˫ŵϱϵʮλˣɫ쳣طۣԭֻһĹѹλۣط˾˵ľ硣
Σѡ𣿡
ۻֽʮλɳȥĿ⿴ǰˣ
ѡأ
ɲ㡣
̧֣ӣǰߡ
ֱ֣ӽҦͳһ̤նۡ
磬ķ塣
̧֣Ȼ¹Žַתǿޱȵӿһƣӡǰš
㲻ֻһ̰ħ
۹ܿƾŽתƣٶȱ
Ϊʧʶ˫ȻУн
ǧУǱܣϢ˱㲻
Ȼһƽ棬Ž֮ߣ̤沽ŲӣչϽա
սУӰƹܿһһ⣬뵽һλʧȥΪ֮ˣǿʵ
ۣ֮裡
ʮУ˫죬ǿޱȵ羪κˣϯ
иУָѪһⲻڡ
ɣ
֮ħ̤һն⣬Ůǰ
Ȼ𣬽նߣǰɫ³ѺۣŽƲֹϷâҫĿ

ɱʢһȻǰ֮ˡ
ʮ⣬ֹסŽ֮ϣѪ£Ⱦʯ塣
˵һսʧȥУΨʣһ֪սۣΪԾʼ㼸ûκʤ㡣
Ȼսһ̫࣬δһη
Ҫ뿪ͱǰ֡
̫һ
ȣһԵĽѹ糯˷ӣȻطѹⴿĽ⡣
֮־޼ޣյؽ磬һݺᣬҫ۶Ŀ
ǰۼ״ɫ£Ѿ޽ӽ쾳ˡ
ڴ̤쾳Ҳѹס
˼ˣУɾڿգҫ۵ɫ⻪ӿƾס
ۣƻ裡
ĩգ֮ƻ裬չ־Ϊĩɢ
̼䣬Խأһɽѹ£粽С
ǰȴϲ˿˼С
һΣۿڣɫĮ
֮䣬˼䣬УŽͻȻҫ۵Ĺ⻪𣬲
ɫһ䣬һĳӲŽ
䣡
ǧޣѿÿһ缡֪֮״ܡ
һŽնףһٴ۵Ѫ
۽ɫ쳣
ǰһ̤ӰٶǰŽն顣
ϵĹƣ˿Ϣ֮ʧȥΪʶӾչֳ˵սΪ˻ţǿӦһС
籩Ĺ£۲ˣ׻һʱơ
ۣѪ꣡
ܴпԱѪΪѡ֮С
ʱսУѪ
иУӰӹܿѪ˳ս֡
ϣɫɾ⻪Խǿʢ·Ⱦ죬ľĶǡ
Ȼʧȥ˫Ŀ޷Щ
һսûϧĸֻ֣ҪǶ֣ضնɱ
ͬ޾µۣˣľʣµΨĮ
ֻҪܹ뿪磬۲ɱϣԣȻпᣬʵ
УӰٶӹ뽣Ͻ
¡¡𣬲𣬴Уһһ޴ʯնϣʼ
䣡
ڣ֮ԳܴսĴݲУ׵
棬ҦǰĴ¶𾪡
ӣӻ棡
䣡
˼δ䣬Ĵ£Ӱ󣬹⻪ҫĿϢϳ
ҵĴսȫȣΨһֵ֪սѲ쾳ۣ˿·硣
սУƾݺύҵһսǿһǿۣƽһսʤĶ֡
Զһλλ콫ϵ²ӹӰҪæȴ޷
쾳֮սʵܹ֣Ȼ콵һ̣ͷçûκ
ۣĩ췣
սȣ˼УϿգɾҫ۵ɫ⻪׹¡
׺УӰӶ֮䣬š
ϣϾ𾪣˵ٶȣܱܿ
֮٣ؼޣȻ쾳ǿߣԱܿοһʧȥΪ֮ˡ
ʧһ˲·Ӱ˫սһն¡
ֱֲնһգۻع񣬸æеֵ
¡һһȻ·ء
˵һĻԶһλλ콫״ɫȻ
۴˾Ȼ·磬ôܣ
ۣ֮ڽУȻ۴˻ܣǲ顣
Ȼڽգ˶ʶ۴Ŀܻܡ
УһϢӿΧ棬Ŀ⿴ǰˣɱԽҡ
ۣģѾŤΧϢ


1455 ֮
޷˫ܿʲôЦ
֮ϣһϢĿ⿴ǰ׷ˣ
俴ȴܸܵдůۣʲôܲ𣿡
˵䣬һǰһڣ뽣ͬͬϢ
ϻ˵
۲Ը磬һ˫ԪΧһɫΪγǰ
ӽŽն£¡¡ƽһȴзѺ֮
ɫֱӱնУһⲻ
ѹĽѹκʣʧȥһ֮ĽøӴ⡣
޾޸У֮Ψл£֮١
֮ʼΪɱ¾
۸ܵǰϢ˵ı仯еһθܵв
ǿʵǿ쾳һֵչǿƵΪԼ䣬ǽռϷ硣
ԽԽӰȷˡ
ƽӣɽὣӲС
ȻһԶסؽ֮С
ʮ⣬ͣΣһǰ

һһϴ߶⣬û
ǿǰĿģɫԽأ˫Ԫƺ
䣡
һһƵĺȽ⵲عƣÿκˣٴ߻ء
ԴݻٵĶ֣˾壬ŭɫԽԽŨĺľ˫ִ߶Ԫ׻콵
ۣף
ѧ޾˻֮ܣ׻ӿǰˡ
׻ǰ̧֣նӿǰһ̣·ܿǰȵĻ𺣡
棬ů׻ڣԴ̼ܵǶݳָ֮ס
Ȼ˲ϢΧؼ䣬編ǿѹ½ҪյķԴ
׻ɢ벽δˣһһǰ
ѹ¶ŭ֮ɫֱ¶еĿֻš
޷ݻٵĶ֣Ȼ֮֮С
ֲǰڶˡ
죬һ˲֮䣬ذ⻮ս֣˲ǰ
񽣡
֣⻯ΣΪ޴Ρ
𣡡
һӹХ죬ֲĽϯûս֡
˫ԪӲС
¡һӶʱɳȥ
ǰһ̤Ӱͬٶȸһ֣ǰ
׹
ֱ̧֣ӿסۼٶȿ£Զɽײȥ
𣡡
ŭ֮ϣХգֱײԶɽ塣
¡¡ɽ嵹ʯ׷ɡ
ɽУɢΣ˵Ŀ⿴ǰɫԽ𺳡
۴˰
䣡
޷ʵʱԶɽУһҫ۵ⱬȻɢɽ
׹ʯ£Ӱ֣ҫˡ
۴˻ûаܣ
Уһλλ콫ع¶֮ɫ
Ȼλ콫ǰλԶĵľɫûκηɡ
һսʤδ۴໹ûʤ
ս֮ǰ˭ţ۴˻˿ս
ǾȻ۴˲Ҫ䡣
ԶɽУӽն׹ľʯն˫ϵۣüͷ
λ۲֮ҪܣҲôס
쾳ǿߣԼĵƣ֮սˡ
ϣһԽҫۣԪѹơ
ǰ֣ǰδңĶ֣֪죬ˡ
ҲΪŸᶨ뿪ľġ
óȫ
Ŀ⿴ǰ׷ˣƽ᲻֡
Ը
һ̤ӿХ죬᪻֡
ʣһƣƾˣΧϻۣӳ
᪻ɲٿ֮ǧ꣬硣
죬ȴκ֮޷ã˻᪻⣬
ϣۿʻεľɫ
磬ȴ⣬İ취ܹص
ˣȻ˾ޡ
ϧͬС
ȣ
սٿۿһȣԪɢǧ˿ֿ衣
֮ϣɾܵӰ죬չ
֮䣬ɾ֮ϣһɫƾո֣ۣ֮䡣
ۣĩ֮£
ĩս٣׹䣬ӣΧؼ䣬طѸٱ٣Գ֮
棬ڣҫ۵Ĺ⻪ᴩأۻ谵˼䡣
󽣽磡
֣ӿȣΪģѹѸɢս֡
ۣ
е򽣣֮УӰ𣬰׷裬ħ
ǿ֮У֮ʤϣĩ֮¡󽣽Ӧײҫ۵Ĺ⻪Ȼɢڰ
˵ĳУӰͬʱɳѪȾա
ᣬܰܣ
ϣӰ׹£һ̣ǿס塣
ۣ֮սܡ
ȣ
ۿһŭȣĵȴֻΪ죬ôܰܣ
ۣ֮͡
ޣͻƼޣ˻Ԫʱƾ䣬ƱգȥĹ
ۣ֮գȴΪ̶ֱͣ
䣡
Ͽգһգĩս٣ġ
ǰΧԽԽǿѹɫ¡
ʤֶǰȫעйŽתһ⾡Ϳ

쾪ز֮¡¡ľȫ𣬱⾪˵Ľ⳹״ݻ١
һ̣ؼ䣬һƾն֣ٳǰȥ
ޣ޾ʼգǧǧ򽣹籩ס

֮һ̤ӷա
ǰ߻һԪɫ⻪Ϊһ޴Զħ
Ŀ֮䣬ħӦײֲƬضʱݡ
䣡
˵ĴըսУĴֱܵӱΪƽء

һѪ죬ӿನУ˳Ⱦ졣
棬ħ֮٣ӷɳȻ֮ϡ
Զϣһλλ˿һĻо𾪡
ˣ۴˾Ȼˣ
ţȴֲòţУս޲ʤİˡ
ˡ
һλ򲻾õ˽ܲһĻ¡
۴ôܰܣ
⣬ɽУһǰǰ
ˡ
ָ̧֮ǰŮӵʺ
ܿܣ޻˵
۱˫ۣɫָƽְɡ
Ҳɱ㡣
ƽҪھ뿪
ԣ˫ۣݵľȺ󣬻ع񣬳ܣٸߣҪ쾳ҲҪǧϡ


1456 ߾
֮⣬ɽУսܣ¡
ֽǰ֮ȴû¡
Ҫ뿪ⷽ磬ʱõŴˡ
뵽뿪İ취Ҫƽ
ԣ𣬵Ͳûֽţֹ뿪
𣿡
ֻвֻˣⷽصףΨһۡ
ֽգñҲԣҲҪһ뿪
ãûǰãͬҲǰ㲻żȥΪҪҪ㲻ͬ뿪ⷽ磬ܻ᳹ʧԼ
Ҫȥ
۳ҲҪ硣
ףն˫ע򣬵ԣ
˵꣬һ̤ȥ
⣬Ҧ콫ΧסϾǽ֮ɫ
콫İΧǰ
λ콫Ծÿ·
ߵҦǰɫƽ͵лҿҪ뿪ˡ
Ҧԣɫһֽ߬
˵ҪһͷصĻᣬҸ㡣
˵ֱֻۣ꣬ѪȾҦ֮
ɲǼ䣬Ҧȼ𣬷Ѫ壬ΪŮ
ֱۣ˿ڿϣתۻָ
ۣҪһĹףڵ
󷽣ƽԸ
˵꣬ǰɫɾҫ۵Ĺ⻪ɫַɳûҦü֮С
Զλ˿һĻ¶Ľ֮ɫ
۴䣬Ī١
ӣҪ𣿡
ҦڵʹУĿ⿴ǰ׷ˣ
š
ͷҪˣұͲⷽˣҲֻ⣬ڣҪ뿪ˡ
𣿡
Ҧˮʵ
֪ŹΪһͷصĻᣬǣҪ뿪лʮֲᡣ
ú
ûش΢Ц
ĲٻˣǸ⣬ͬ⣬ٷڶΡ
ҦǰϵЦݶ𰸣ǰ߻ʹ
ĻŮӵĺ󱳣ϵ΢Цº͡
̫ãҲľǺѾͷ֪ԼҪʲô
󷽣ۿһĻĬ
Ѳ֪٣ûΪκ˿޹ģѺͼʯû
Ĵǰ۾صȴˣûżߴ١
ѵ꣬һʱ̡
ãҦӱ̧ͷǰ׷ˣΪЦӣףһ·ƽ
л
¶΢ЦתԺ۵ʼ׼ɣҪȥⷽߵĵط

۵ͷɫ⻪ڣӰӹŶȥ
ǰѾͷԴڡ
˵꣬ûٶһ̤ȥ
ϣһǰһ󻮹ٶȼ졣
ǰУҹ̳ߵȥ
պϣӰȺͣ²
ߵĵط
ۿ׷ˣڵ
ףطȷطӳء
ʵȷ˵Ҫ뿪磬һ׵顣
ʲô취
ۿǰˣ
̧֣Χؼ䣬ӿһ۳Σ֮䡣
ۼ״΢΢𣬷Щ֣⵽ʲôطⷽۼ֮
˷Ϊ᪻Ҵһõ˷ǻ뿪ƽ
üⷽ죬߾ѳ˲°ٴΣʱ˵᪻ȻǸԿ˷Ƭصķһط֮ɱӣҪ뿪ɳ˵Ρ
ԣҲŻ
̧ͷն˫עϿգֻҪȥ߿գұаմ뿪
עǰˣڱʱ뿪Ȱ㻹ģ᲻Ūɵӡ
һЦģҲʲôԹûбҪʳԡ
۽ضǰˣããһΣ㲻سŵƴһҲҪ汳
ЦЦû⡣
ϣ˱ĿϢԼ״̬ѡ
һպ۾ۿڣ߰ɡ
ͷӦ¡
ȣ
һȣʢƬ̺⣬֪ʷȥ
߾Ӱٷʣ㣬ƴҪѴ󺣵
һʼۻɣ쾳ΪԿ˷ǰط
Ȼ￪ʼٶȾͿʼ
һˣԱһҪ࣬һɫ⻪ڣֿΧط
ǰеٶԽԽǿ쾳ΪۣҲԵֵطѹơ
ѹһȣɫɾӳ֣Ԫʱָ
ʱٶٴμӿ죬߿շȥ
ɫ⻪УԸܵ۵˼ޣɫ΢ʱ׼֡
ڣӰ߿յ֮ϡ
һ̣طѱóޱȣǰɫɾ⻪ʼѸٰ
ȣ
Ϊѵһ̣ۿϿգĹ⻪һȣȼԼԪ
ˣѵ꣬ʱ
һԣҲܵǿҵ־¶⡣
ˣǣ־ǿӹ๡
Ϊһ翵£Ŭκ˶
ŮˣǸݽɫ
߿ϣȼԪǰС
أԪȼմȻ;ƿ֮ʱ
Ȼ߿ջδ۲Ըһŭȣֱ޵ɾۡ
ȻһɾۻȥֲΪ֮˰߿ա
߿գľɢȥ·׹ȥ
һ̣߿ϣһֻץס׹
㽻Ұɡ
ƽ˵һ䣬ƣϿȥ
죬վһͷϣȫǰС
һ߿գطѹǿһֲĳ̶ȣΧһ̱٣ؼķ򳹵Ĩȥ
֮ϣɫ£طȻ£᪻ϴ
о·ԽԽԶӰ߿տȥֻһ̫ĸ
ۼѾԶΧдȴ̱٣ɢ
ǧһǰУڣƿնΪ¾
ǧǧһǧϣǰƵĽҲԽҫĿ


1457 ޼
磬߿գҡֱϾ
򽣿Х죬ۼϣǰͻȻط͸ɢ
ɢعأ֮ϣӰ׹֮ʣйŽһ̷ɳ
Ӱһ̤Ž֮ϣС
ŽΧ죬֪߹һ̵·
䣡
ڣ֮ϣǧײĻӰ
һɢչ᰿졣
ǿϣǰУУǰУԶ硣
պһŹµǿʯϣ۵ʱϢ
һԪӿȫ޸ơ
һԣûдš
ʱԪʱָɡ
ƽʹ˷ֱɡ
Ŀ⿴Χǿգ

׼ȥ
Ƭ̺Ŀ⿴ǰ׷ˣʵ
ˡ
ԣ΢ûٶʣͷǱʹ˷ֱɡ
ڡ
ƽ˵һ䣬ûٶڣˣԶȥ
󷽣ۿǰǿյķӰɫٶ
ˣ˵˷֮𣬾ȻĴ䡣
ǿϣǰУٶԽԽ졣
絢һЩʱպ󣬴ƵĻҲԽԽ΢ȻųְİҲ˿ݽ֮ʱ

еԽԽʢӿٶȣ·
˼֮ϣֱ羡ͷԽ쾳޽ӽ죬޼졣
˵УУǰһ쾳ħ棬ʵֲ
Ƶָʾǰǰ޼쾳ɫ
һ޼죬ٵΣսԽԽࡣ
ȣ
޼ǰһȣӿԴԴײǰʱձݡ
䣡
ײʱշ򣬿ֲĴʱձݳֲһ̣˻Σеһ㣬˽һȻײʱձݵ
¡һûʱձݣʧ
ͬʱ޼쾳һλλ޾µ쾳иУӻʱ쾪ر䣬ء
ֲ޼쾳Уվ壬׷׿ʡ
ǿĽ⡣
λ쾳Уһλ۵߿ڣ˫ϣһŽս
ƿط𣬽Ϊ쾳֤һɳΪ
Ž񺱼ĳɾͣȻ𱲳޼쾳༫亱
ϣӰǰУͻȻһ
ɽ⣿
ʶܵ·ڵĽѹɫ¡

ʱʣ޼Ըսһѹٸ·ٶȡ
ţ
ԶиУְ̧ǰսĹŽüͷ塣
սˣ
߱ս֣
һǰ֮ߣһѰҿ֤Ķ֣˵ĽΪѡ˱ս
ˡ
𵭵˵һ䣬˫պϣҲ֮
л
ԶлʱѸԶȥ
ų򡣡
ʱϣһǰеĵ·ϣ򽣳죬ϣһӰ˵ƣøע⡣
С𣬶½
޼쾳Уһλλħʣ¶ɫ
˵½ϹŴתһ޽δ쾳նСĳƺš
ϣС½·ųס
߱ս㣬ýߣ
֮ϣ½ǰ׷ˣ
ûᣬٶ˿ǰС
ǰ˿ӣ½ɫŭָǧնǰߡ
ƿգưޱȣգնǰ֪
ȴûᣬӰӹܣֱӳ֮С
Զչصٶ˫ۣʡ
ͬʱ޼λվڴ֮۵쾳ͬʣµؿһս
С޼쾳ʮϾܿԽһ󾳽ս쾳ţǳݡ
עϣӰ֪Ӱûκͣ٣ǰжȥ
ʲô
һħ¶ɫ
Ȼδ䣬ϣһѪɽ˲졣
ᣡ
ϱ۷䣬ŵһĻ½亹䣬¡
һ޽ʶռϽ
ǰӰǰУʱʧ
˵Ľߡ
Զбǿҵս⣬˵ĽԳΪĶ֡
Ҫסˡ
޼һλλվ綥ܵɽвڵĽ⣬¶ɫ
Ѱȴ֤Ķꡣ
ɽУֽȥ
޼쾳ΪԻ͵һУΪӴ䣬޼񳯣˷
񳯣֪ӰԴΪѰӰ
޼񳯴У߶ƣɫ⻪˷ӡ
ͬʱ޼񳯣۹У޼۸ܵǿ΢΢
ллꡣ
ǵѣ˹󳯣޼ۼ¡
ʱ۹⣬һǸ𣬻ص֮С
ǰ޼ԣɫĮɢƽµһЩлܻӰ쵽ͨյİΣ
޼ģһʩΪӰ쵽󳯰ա⣬֪ٴ𣬻Ӧ
á
޼۵ͷûٶ˵ǰָ֪棬Ҳͱˣĸ֣ȻҲ׵һӣԱ˴˶á
޼񳯴ϣ֪޼ۺ󣬷ʩΪȫѰҰټ
ϣⲻӣ޼񳯡
ҵˡ
ͻȻһɼϢĸоɫһûκγɣٱжȥ
޼ʳһƬɫɭУεУʱ䣬֮
ɫɭֿЩ죬ɭгľκޣɭˡ
ɭ֣޼Ľأǧ˸룬Ȼʶɥʧİ޷ܵɭֵΣգС
ûãɭ⣬ӰӹҪ׼Уȴһϵֹ

޼У޼ۿڣǰǺɭ֣Զʱޣʵ£źǿʶ²ҪС
ԣɫ£лѣֻǣҵ˱Уòȥ
˵꣬û˵ʲôһ̤˺ɭС
ʮĺɭڣӰ۶ԴΪѰټ
𣡡
ɭʱɭһɼֲŭʾˡ
ûᣬӰǰûƬ㡣
ɭ¡¡𶯣һͷСɽС쳤Х
ļΪɫоףкɫƬ׵ͺ쾪ر䡣
ǰһӰãվ֪Σա
ʮʱ䣬ûжǰεŮɱ֣಻мڲһֻһ㡣
Ȼ֪̤ɭһ̣޸ܵвŭɫ
ʱɭ죬ˡ
ԶиУɫһ䣬ʢˣٳźɭȥ


1458 Զ
ɭСɽһߴŭ춯ء
ǰСŮվʱпϨ
ܵԶвӿۿҪǰŮɡ
ʱԶХ죬ķ˼۶ΣյĹͷֱײޡ
ȻﻥײʱɭУһƬƬľȼɫ
УӰ֣˽֣һ˱ߵޡ
󷽣ǰˣоã
Ҵȥ
ԪӿС
𣡡
ǰ޴ٶŭ𣬽º棬ͬʱ³
ӽһն𣬲Ըսٳźȥ
𣡡
Ȼѱ׼ŭĺɫݣһŭɫɭͻȻ
˵һĻɫɭ䣬ӣɭ־𺣡
ü׿׷ޣɱ
ƲԳԷƣ
Ԫӿ׳֣ľ򿪣ĻС
ЩӰӹ˲ɫǰһȭֱһͷϡ
ʱҵײֱӱأɳɳ
𣡡
ʱޱ޼ʵĺɭָٶȴһֲĺ
ޱߣһֻ޴ĺٸ¡
̧ͷ˽ӹȻºɫצ
ͬʱɭһֻ޴ڻ񱼶޴ײһһŴ޼ɡ
ٴü̧𣬺Ȼֱĺڻ
𣡡
ʱ£ͷſţ졣
һ̤⣬ܿ
ͻȻΧѸٱ仯ػӿ䣬ĩս
þ
ɫһ䣬ӿȻһǿг忪þ
սУ֪ʱһֻλں֣βҡڣľ
𿰱쾳ʩΪǿ֪һʱơ
þƿһ̣ǰڻٶȺֱײ̧֣Ȼºڻ
˵ĺڻײһһôֱ֮⣬ͣ
𣡡
ʱſ죬ٶȱ
һնɢ
𣡡
δϢʣɫٶȸצֱץһա
۹ܿצͬʱһȣԪһƣٳ
ƾ죬ɫܵҽһæٶȷʡ
أ
ʱս⣬λں쳤Х̶쳣
սУֻ˫ʹ͵һġ
һԴթĺ壬֪˫Ŀä㣬
˫ܵһʱΧ紵ݶ糹׼ž
ʱɭ⣬һ۵Ŀ⿴źɭĴսüͷ塣
޼ʹڣ޼۾ǰһӿͬעԶɭڵĴս
֮ǰһλôɭ֣УɭֵΣգ޼쾳пν֪
ɭΣյĴڣԶޣʵǿᣬƽȻˮ𣬵ǣһд룬ޱ̷¶ԹĬ֣ԿС
ǻۣ಻⣬ܶʱ޵ǻۣ˼ɵ
Ǹˣ˫ĿʧϣʵȻǿ󣬵ǣҲԡ
ںڣκ΢Сᱻ޷ŴǸӦ֣пܻС
ɭ˫ۡ˫ʧٵ֪ڰУʶΪĿܵΣա
սܣͷ룬βںڻȫͣԭأûż
ܸܵǰǿ󣬲ԸóȻ
أ
ս⣬βںٶȳХˣݿࡣ
սģܵѪɽ
ʹʶܵӰ죬ѱ
ʮ⣬סʹԴ亹ֱ
û뵽Щ޻ǿʵ
֪Ӧ˴˾֣ɥڴˣ˫գӿУħ˫֡
ӾʶȫɥʧΧΨʣڰȻн
˽ͬϢ˽ͬУ˽ͬΪ˽һ
ɭ̤˲˲ںǰ
¾˽һ˽ͬϢ֮ͬС
ں˻𣬾βҡͬʱ¡
βɽУ˫ת
һĻ˫βӦϣޱȵ񽣣ÿһλնԴһٴĿѪ
˽ϣƾ轣ĸӦȫԱܣշתŲޱȡ
ںܴԶڻʱ񱼶ں֮Σ
˫ɶͬŲֱ̤ܿײĺڻ
Ͽգ
˻ӽ˽⻪ҫĿһնա
ڻ˻ϣһֲĽ۳֣ɼǡ
𣡡
󷽣ͷſڣӿٶϮ
ħ棡
Уħħһӹӭϡ
ʱħ滥ײħݿֱ࣬Ӳʳûͷ֮
ħУͷŭʹĴ񱼣ֱײ˲Զɽ塣
ףƾһ̣֮ϣɫ񸩳£צ
ɣ
Σһ˲ȣȻһ±צ
ɫ裬˫նʱѪɽꡣ
˫ն˫ɫһĳХӲ׹
׹
̧֣һץס񣬺Ȼڴ֮ϡ
ɢĺȾѪذȾ졣
սУͷ롢βںڻͷԶ޼״¶־塣
вǰͳκɭصԶףһ̣ʶǵ˲ǵ
ͷ޻һۣսתźɭָȥ
սģħӿɫ񳹵ɡ
ãѹ£źںķȥ
ںֶβףá
ɭֱʧȥβĺںɽУɪɪҴϢ
ɽǰʶͿɫ
ҵˣ
Уħ̧һն¡
ɭУһ˵Ľֱһնǰɽ
¡¡Уɽֿں޴ǰ޴ɶ㡣
ǰɫκС
ħâɱ˿Σն˫£һ纮
𣿡ڣ
أ
ںɪɪġ
Ĵϻǿ߸Ӿη֪ٷȥǰඨȻԥɱ
ںǰ̧֣ںںͷϣһڣɫ⻷ں֫ͷ­
Ƭ̺ɫ⻪ʧûںڡ
С«ڻ
ɳ
С«λƷɳĵɳ𣿡
ֻ͸ˡ
̧֣һСС۳ΣΪ׹С«ϡ
ʲô
С«ǰСҡҡ
ǰںͻȻһĲҽУ֫ͷ­ϣɫ⻷֣


1459 
ɭУշںûٶתȥ
ɭ⣬һ۵վĵȴ
ʱ߳ѪһսȾѪδü
ɭ⣬Ӱ𿪿ڣƽǷһս
ͣûʱˣҶ֣ȥ硣
磿
ԣüͷ壬֮ˣ
š
ͷңھҪˡ
𣬵磬Ľ֣
С
ƽһˣΪӽΪ֮£ǰֹһΣãС
ɫĸ֡
ȻҲ˵Ӯǰˣ֮仯ǧǰ˵ĽΪ˵Ƿ켫ľ磬ٹãпԽ
ˡ
˵һ䣬ûٵ飬һֱ̤ʡ
һ̣ϣƿգʧ
ɭǰԶȥӰüͷ塣
˵ȷõĶֻ֣ǣս
˼Ƭ̣һ̤⣬ʡ
ȻǿĽߣһˡ
޼쾳⣬ǰӹǰС
ܵ׷ûᣬ·
˼ٸ·һֱȥ
ڶ죬⣬һǰһУٴø𾪡

Уһλλ쾳ɫ£ĽѵĿ˸¡
ϣܵ쾳λ쾳ĳţ¶ɫ
˴ǰ쾳Щ˲С
պ˳쾳ȥ
籱ˮŮ۾۹ǰȴ֪
գȼʱƵĻʮ΢ӣǸСҲûˡ
򣬾޽ҲȲλ
˼δ䣬֮ϣ𾪵ĿУϯٶȣҪࡣ
ˣ
Ů£ϻˡ
Ͽգ˴һӿס
У߳Ŀ⿴ǰȺŮۣһ񣬵Ůۡ
ضԣأ
ʱʣ޼Ů۲Ը˵ڵ
֣ƾն֣¡¡У׿Ůǰ
ŮƬûе飬һȣϼʢڿն
ϣˮŮչΪ϶ǿںϰ
£ȻܴأǿˮŮҲ˿⣬һΪȫ
䣡
ʱ֮ϣ״ͷ֮ˡ
·Ӱӹ˲֮ϣ˫ʣ췣
¡춯ص˫췣Ϊ·Ůסһ
ֿˣ֣Ϊ
Զǰľɫ
ԭ˴æΪ˾ˡ
ǸŮ˵ʵͬˣأȻԻ
䣡
֮ϣ£޾׺£˫裬סĵߡ
췣ȫƱһԪӿȫ
·Ůͬȫۣ˫ַתǣ꣬ںϡ
ˮŮۣıһˣֶͨΣΥǿиߡ
ꡢںϣΧؼ䣬һɿµ־иУ޾Ĺ۶Ҫ𸴻ߡ
˵ľϣһֻ۶ֱץǰˡ
Ůۼ״ɫ΢Ԫǿޱȵһֱӭȥ
¡һ쾪ر䣬ߺһ춯صĳ𣬹ֱӱ١
쾳ÿһλ쾳ѾſԿΪ쾳еٮٮߣŮ۵ʵǿޱȣȻԴĹ˿塣
۹Ͽգ֣ȥİȫںϡ
ȻʮϢȥû֣Ҳû
ǰŮɫԽأ
ֿ̫ãѾɢ鷳ˡ
ܾȲˡ
ŮĿ⿴ڵٵİ׷ˣһĨ̡
ϢߴˣǷ̡̫
䣡
ʣ콵׺£˫ףɽ
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䣡
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һֲľս˫ֻڱѣѪɽ
ħܣѸ޸֪ܴ֮
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·ŮעǰԵİԪ룬ҪŬ
ȻһȻͽͣã֮޷ȼŮ˫ֽ߬Ŀһοʵİ׷ˡ
óλҪȻҲ᲻Զﱼգֻǣˡ
֮޷ȼȻҲ޷졣
䣡
ʣ䣬֪ὣٵףѪɽȾ¡
Խǿ췣ɲ˺벽ֿ־
ԶΪ˵һĻ̾ҲŲ³ࡣ
λСܾȲˡ
Ȼվ۷쾳ȴҲа첻飬磬
ǿ쾳𶼲ܾȻһ֮ˣԽޣȻҲ
ǸСдһ˿оȻϣֻǣʵ²ˡ
ʱ۹ϿգŮϢת˫ֲϽӡڣҫۡ
Ƭ̺һû밢ڣΪطӡû䵤
ЩŮۻֽף׺£ȥϢ
ʣĽƸܲϢѸɢȥ
иУն˫·¶⡣
𣿡
ڣ¶֮ɫ
ûУʱ̫ãʱ޷
Ů¶΢ЦҲ̫ģѾع飬ֻʱ⡣
ԣüͷ壬оʱ䣿
Ů룬Ҳ꣬Ҳǧ꣬á
ĬͷлŮۡ
Ůףֽͳ΢ЦײȥǷӺε
ǰȥһ˶ɽ磬ȡ˴˹סʵӦ
ԭˡ
Ů۵ͷλһ죬мǣһҪ𣬲ȻܾѲˡ
һġ
ףԻ븹С
λ𣿡
ŮĿ⿴Զת
ǡ
ǵ쾳ˣֻΪѰ֤Ķ֡
޼죿
Ůԣɫ˾
ǰѾӰǰ
޼λѡ

ŮۻӦ͵ʧԶӭ¡

ӦһĿ⿴һԵİ׷ˣһ̾죬ֹ


1460 
ˮƵ۹ϿգԶ׷ֻΪ֤֮
ϣն׷裬֮ϻѪ
ŮۡĿ⿴ǰˣȫѹеĻ
ңϣǰЩʵɡ
ֻǧʱ䣬ǧ֮鱾СŮۿڣɫ
һسŵͷ
ǰǰˣڵѣɷһս
ĬãڵҴȥ磬ӽ
ԣһ̾˵ͷûǿ
ˡ
Ӧ
Ůۣлһˡ
תˮŮۣһתŶȥ
ϣӰΪ⣬׷ȥ
պ󣬶磬ʶͿѰҰµϢ
һУܵԶϢѹҲͿϢ

иУ̳űȥ
ɫһλߣ
磬Ի
պڣǰ
У첽ǰպɫһ
λǣʵ
Ե졣
ܵλǰ
޼죿
ԣ¶ɫ˾޼硣
һᡣ

ͻȻɫһĿ⿴˫ۣ𾪵۾
ѣ¡ƽ
Ȼδ䣬һĨٻӰ첽ǰ׷˺ӳˮ
ǰ
ǰǰѾͷ΢Ц겻Ϊ١
¿ǰ˿ն˫ֽۣ߬ҭ
أˣڣʵ
ߺ󲻾ãˣȻ뿪ˡӦ
ͷԼ·ҪߣһֱͬС
ѣɷһս
ʱǰ꣬ʵ
ԣɫһƬ̺󣬻عҡͷ򡣡
ΪΣü
ң϶СӲңҲ˰ɡؾ
Ȼ֪˵ʲô
ӽڶ磿ʵ
ӽɡ
˵꣬￴ǰӣ԰ȥӽս˵ӽ̤ܿ徳ΪһԽ쾳֮ˡ
¶ɫ˫պϣͿʶ
ʱϣһǿʶѸӿ
ʮ⣬ӽɣӽиУ˫һĨⱬ
ϣǿĽײʮ˫ء
ǿĽ⣡
ӽɫͬʱ£ΪԷǿ𾪡
ڣ۾תŴȥ
󷽣ڵСһЩӽǿһ˫۾ɿ͸κʽ
лѡ
㣬Ӧһ䣬һ̤Զȥ
ڣ￴ǰ׷ӣڵôôһϹ
ܿλһǿĴڣȻķףҲضá
˵
ƽ߰ɣҲһ֮˵Щ
д⡣΢Ц
󷽣ϣ粽롣
ˣӽɵ˿ҹ鷳ʵ
ûСҡͷ
֡
¶ɫʱӽԳַѣӽȴƽʵͬѰ
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ӽϣӽȻĿ⿴Ӱһڣˡ
ǰս
ϣ֣һöȻӽϡ
ӽǰ𣬵ʱεأ
պϡ𿪿ڵ
쾵𣿵ӦӦԣ
ӽͷ⽣ˡ
ڣ
ϣӦһ䣬ȥ
쾵ճ䣬۽֮أպ󣬴ս
֪˭ųķλʱҪڴһսռ䣬ֲԶհ֮
ʱ䣬תۼţ֮ʣԶͬĽ⣬𾪰˷
ĿһսλҲע׵һսѲ֪û֣ӽΪпԽɾ֮λߣĶ֣ͬǿ֮ƿ֤Ϊ˸
쾵⣬Ӱǰսˡ
°׷ԣϣȴսʼ
ѹӽʵȻʤǰֻ֪Σ
ӽ˭ʤ󣿡ߣʵ
֮ƽ
Ŷ
ԣ𣬵λѾ򣬾ȫѹƣӽҪſܿ˷ƣ
ǰӽִսŮۣǸʱԼܵӽһɼǿֻǣأʼûжȫӦ
ⰲһսΪˣ
֪֪˰ս
ӽǵзѣһսô˻ϸ

Ĵָʲôʱ򶼲Ʊˡ
רĹսɡ
ƽ˵һ䣬ûٶԣն˫ǰʶͿȺս
쾵ϣηӿ죬һӣڴˣɾ;֮
֮ϣλĽնճأսһ
룡
ͬʱڣս䣬Ӧʡ
ɲǼ䣬쾵ϴսӰʧΪ⣬ײһ
䣡
ûκ̽ûκ飬սʼȣ˻Ϊ⣬ؼ䲻ײӰ塣
ս⣬һλλǿ߹ս¶ɫ
ѲѰȼսս
ˣˡ
쳣һսӰʣֱ֮ϡ
·˹սĿ뿴ʡ
ڱֻۣʱ֮ϣʢ׵ȥ˵ߡ
ɫ·ս˫̼ܵʶ۾

ʱɫ΢䣬һ̤ʡ
ϣӴ׹Ⱦ죬쳣
ʶ͸⣬ӽ
ͻȻɫٶһն˫·̼ȥ
ˣˣ
쾵ϣۣӽƾ̧߳סˣԶȥ
䣡
ӽ뿪·쾵ֱնֽûκͣ׷ȥ


1461 쾳
磬һս˭δվ֣ش䡣
ӽչǰδһס£ȥ
쾵ϣһնӣûκͣ׷ȥ
ϣӰһǰһӹٶ֮죬ס
˼˫ƣȫ׷ǰӽ
׷ӽϿգӽּͣ䣬һ
ɱ
ӽ·ǧټǵİ½ɷɳΧ֪
󣡡
ϣӽڣָʾ
ȣ
һȣǧ½ɽ󣬽ݺᣬ֪
ӽУնն˫ǰһͷ׷Ʈ衣
Ľ֪
ὣ£ֲָʱһȻޱȵĽѹɢǧǧնǧɡ
ǧ򽣹նɣӽУǧɽڽڰˣȾ졣
⣬ӽǰİ׷ˣˣĽǾ١
Уӿһλλ½ɳ׽ɱ֮˿
ſǡ
̧֣ӿΪǧƿն
ӽӽɫƿȻǧ
֪ΪʲôִҪץС
ӽַɫ֣ǿĽѹӽ徳
ڣиУһɲõԤС
ΪСбµĽӡ
˵䣬ӽֱ֣ӹµ΢ЦȾ졣
ûжݻɹ𣿡
ӽ΢ЦͬΪĽߣȴ˿֪Լ֪
Уɫһ䣬뵽ʲôӰӳһɱʢ
ʱǧɽɵĽ󱻳䣬ԵĽѹ֮ǰȻ׵ӽ赲֪
µ𣬿ϧֹˣ
ӽ˵һ䣬ְ̧ڰͷϣһǿޱȵѸɺӰ
١ˡ
ǰϣһĨЦ¶
һ緢İ꣬ȽǸһֱؾͷָǱ
ѵཻ£ѽǰ굱ѣվȴûϵһжֻǾˮ£á

ϣ¶һĨᣬڵĽӡӽɣֻüһҲ˵
ǰٴһҪץȴʲôҲץס
磬ħһĻɫ¡

籱ˮƵ۹Ů߳۹Ŀ⿴Ŷ磬ɫͬ¡
ԭˣӽһۣ
ֻǣֻСˣܳܵĴ
磬ӽϿգӽջ˜Ľӡͬʱ̧Ľ壬ɲǼ䣬֮ϣһҫ쳣Ľ𣬽Ŀ
ӡΪӽɽ壬ɽںϣֲĽѹϯ춯ء
䣡
֮ϣƹգУ״쳹졣
ԽӡΪںϽ֮ܣӽٳ߸ͷһ̤˵еһ
ǧǿߴδӡ֤񳯣ӽƽ쾳
ֲľӽƾס
ѹ޾Ľѹʵʣ˷ѹ£ǿ˾
λ׸ܵɽѹɫ
ÿµ
Ͻ񹬣ՕDվǰĿ⿴Ŷ磬нԳ쳣
ӽ֮λ£ֻӽƷ
˾
֮ɫΪʲôҪ˲ƽ
磬񱩵ĽѹУһλλ½ըԼһУȫӽȥ޾ĽѹС
ǰܵѹһԣ׷裬ȴһˣЩ˿־塣
ն˫УѪ˿֣һѪ䡣
أһȥħӿ
ɱ
ֵ̤ƽȴǸ˸еľ
ߣУħն£ưޱȡ
䣡
£ͬʱܽ٣ֲټˡ
ͬһʱ䣬н潻ӣ˵Ľѹǿɢס
ķŭֻЩ𣿡
ӽӽǰˣһɫ⻪ƣǰδеľ˽ѹȫѹǰ֪
񱩵Ľѹ£̶Ħ粽С
ɱ
ǿɺĶ֣սʤȻȴ˿ȴֽǰħն䣬ɱ֡

ӽ֣սħȻһ۶ħ
˵һĻħϣӽָǰš

һѪ죬Ѫӷɳɡ
ѵħ˴ۣ쾳֮ǰ֪֮
䣡
ʣ£ӽ̧ͷ
ӿڣԳ棬죬ֱնա
ֲĽУɢѳ쾳֮
ǰ⣬סΣؿڴѪ£Ⱦ¡
쾳֮޿ƥУ֮ϣ֪׶ȱȫѹơ
ɱ
˫սӿħУ˽｣Իѹ
̫ˡ
䣬ҫĿӽӰǰһնվ顣
˫ӦȻ죬˫Ӧϡ
²ѣѪȾ׷һˣϽ䣬ѪȾ졣
쾳֮£ϣĽñɱȤûˡ
ϣӽǰ£һƬƬݣǰδ쾳֮ն޷ܡ


1462 
磬ӽ̤쾳׵Ľѹ֪ױ
ˡħϣ쾳֮ȫ·磬޻֮
ȾѪİ׷˴ۣȴǳǵʹ
ϣӽĿ⿴ǰ˫Ŀäİ׷ˣĸоΣС㱣κˣʵ
䣬ӽһƿնĽѹ˾
ϣһͻȻɳǰ
¡һɫףУһĨٻӰ֣Ȼ˯ѣıܣǿд߶ǰ

иУɫһʧ
͸壬һٴ۵ѪĿڣѪ£Ⱦȹ
ӽ״üͷ壬µŮˣ
ӽӽն£ɱ֡

񽣻²˺Ѫ⣬ǰ˵һĻӰǰڻС
ϣ滮Ѫģ׹Լɼ
㻹ţ𣿡
ŻŮӵĴڣѪٶ£ɳƵ
ɵӣŮֵһ̣㶼ˡ
˵֪
ˮƵ۹ǰŮۿŶһ̾
ԭѾ֪ˡ
֮̫ˣȻţɱܵҪԷ
ֻǣĻסˡ
㻹ţ𣿡
磬ϣŰٴ˵һ䣬ڴǺ޿ܵϣ
󷽣ӽɱӿȣǿɺĽѹӽϣٶն¡
Ȼһ̣˵һĻӽն£ǰͰӰȴͻȻģƬ̺ʧ
⣬Ӱٶȳ֣ŻŮӵĳȵȵȣɱ˱
˵꣬λںƽغһͷұεеĺβ
λںԣһǣˣ
תĿ⿴ǰӽգɽԻ
ɽһѪӣֱۣ޵ɽ־ܡ
ɲǼ䣬ϣһɻѹƽǰ
ӽɫ΢ڣһ̤ȷˡ
ͬһʱ䣬ϣӰදˣٶȣ˲ս֡
ӽɽһ˲ӱܹ֮䣬
ţ
ӽüͷ壬ӰԽҡ
Ȼ񱩵ĽѹУӰÿһζɺıܿƣ˵ķӦġ
򣿡
ӽɫ£д
Ǵ˵вŴڵ޶ȵķսν
Ȼ޾µʷϣ̤ߣҲָɼ򣬺εȼѡ
˵һ־磬˵սսӾʶıܣ㲻еĳ⣬ս¡
䣡
Ŀ䣬ӰٶȽɽӹѹ׶ӽ
ʵ޽
⣬ӽͣΣ쾳֮ҫ۵Ĺ⻪ѹɢսȫС
޴ڵĽѹ֪·֮ӽΪԾȫѹƶ֡
쾳Уնһڣ⻪ҫ۶Ŀ
λʱǿ֣棬ݡ
ϣɽѹ쾳ѹǿޱȣѹ֮
һ̣ٴζˣһն쾳˲ӽǰ
֮䣬⽻˻ΪϲϳǿĽ춯ء
򣬴˾ǲѷ쾳֮
Ͻ֮ǰŶĴս¶֮ɫ
̤򡣡
һԣՕDأ磬̤ߣҶֻܶݽ룬ܳפߣûС
ֳɿ壬ǰӽֵΰܵģʵ
ûС
ՕDҡͷǵסս֣Ҳûп塣
ҵĴ˾Σա¶֮ɫ
ՕD΢΢𣬵Ӧ˽䱸صġ
˽̸䣬磬˫ȣϣⲻϳײನݡ
ǿĽ֮⽻أӰأ޼᲻ݡ
¡¡𶯣쳹ʣϣһɽ屻Ϊƽأġ
ǧٴ޽
սȣӽһ𿪶ָ֣һȻѹϯ
ӽʽ˸ǿ֮ӦԽǿĶ֣ӽһڣѹϯ졣
һ̣ϣɫ⼱ӣ֮նȾ˽ɫ
У
ǰɫ仯תƣѹͬϯ
ɲǣ֮ϣһ쳹׵Ľ֣âƣ춯ء
Ŀɽѹٶȳ¡һ𣬶Ͽգռϯˡ
аգ֣
Ŀռ䣬ʱУӽӰӹ䣬ʽ֡
ݺᣬΪ籩ɶ
񡣡
ޣһԴ׷˲Ѫ죬˷棬ʼޡ
𣡡
ӽɶȻɢΧ籩
һ˲Ӱ˲ӳٶȣǿѹǰӽ
Ϊ籩꣬˵սٶȫɱ޾
ӽӽУһˡ
Ʋӽһ˫ϣʢ
ɫӣرԴ͸ʽǰֵж̱û
ɺ
սŤתһȣħս֣ɺӳ֣۷塣
죬ţٵĿռУ򣬾սӳ֣ٶԽԽ죬Խʱգס
أսУʱٶȱû·ֹͣһ㡣
ľʱ֣˼٣ǳԽʱյƣΧʱٶͣ


1463 
磬λǿĽսһսޡ
쾳֮žƾס
֮޼᲻ݣʱյĽޡ
޻ף񣬱ĿռУٶȳԽʱƣΧʱͣ
֣һ̤뽣ϣ˲ӽǰ
֮飬ɽϣâ޾˺ʱգնǰ֡
ͬʽΪ׼𣿡
ʱսУռ䷨ӽͻȻڣʢΪһҫĿ񽣣նǰˡ
ͻķףȴǷ·׼һ̤ܿ˽⡣
ʮ⣬ǰеĽɫ񽣣ɫ
ڽǰڽ¡
ױ䣡
ӽ׽ڣǰӽ
׽ӽнɫ񽣻ӹɢûзκβ
ǣ
һ̣ķλ׿Զս¶ɫ
ôˣ
Ͻǰ񿴵һֳ𾪵ɫʵ
֮ᣡ
ՕDѹе𾪣Ϲʱ֮ǰʧУ
᣿
ԣҲ¶ɫǰͬ񽣣

ѽ͵ͬʷκηڽǰͬޡ
ӽõڽֻҪӽ磬ͼڲ֮ء
û뵽ӽ֮
籱ˮƵ۹ǰŮۿŶս΢У񽣣ӽ㲻쾳һսʵȴôãһֱ£治
磬֮ͥϣ֮ͥɫ쳣Ϊ̫ˡ
һۣӽ
磬ɽϣħ𵭵˵һ䣬۵
ôãÿ˶
ķΪӽһ˶ʱ綫սԽңӽһᣬ򷨾š
޿ƥУʽƣȻʱշ֮ǰ塣
н棬ΪףΧط񽣾նȥš
ǰδǿ𺳣쾳ӽ뽣ϣ޵С
ٵʱУӳֵӽٶƣܴ죬ȫ汻Ťת
аգǧһ
תӽһȣ죬ٵʱУһɫֱ¡
֮Уƾ춯أ֮ǰ編٣Եֵ
ǰն˫ۿųĽɫ⣬ɫ¡

֣ݺУתƣȻѹϯǧ⽻նǰӽ
䣡
Ŀ䣬ѹײʱУնأƿ򷨣Ȼײ֮
ʤὣն򽣣֮У˿ɵС
ὣն£һ̣Ӱ黯˲Ϣ󣬳ְ֮⡣
ӦΣգܵرܿ
¡һܿһ̣һֱնʱգؼ仮һ˵Ľۡ
ߵΣ߱ٵطɫԽء
ڽʵ̫ˡ
ǧȴǵһμǿ
ĳ̶ֳ˵ѾĽ
ܴݻκطĽĴڣ
˾
ʱϣһϤ
ҪսӽеĽΪᣬ繲֮ǰκ編򶼵ͬޣӮߣ
޾ʱգƴȫ֪ˡ
룡
ٵʱУӽϽĴɫ£һնɫƿն
޾ʱգƿռƣֱϽ
׵һӶԽʱϽ춯ء
ǰһһǿҵΣдĵҪãȴ޷
ʱԶɫƿնױȵƣնʱգ
Σһ̣ՕDӰǰԪϯ
Ͻ񳯶һӿӲὣ
¡һὣ޼᲻ݣأѵ֮
ţ
ՕD״üͷ壬˫ֿϣһɫڿն
֮򣬳編Գһ
ನ𵴣ϯ˷
ǰDɢನĿ⿴ŶӽԽˣ
綫ӽһû񹬷ѡ
ՕDȻϽߣʵɲ⡣
ٵʱУкҲ֪񽣵ɫԽء
նطʱշһ鷳ˡ
ǰӽƹĿ⣬ǰ֮Ǳûв´֮Ľһɽɣ
ûᣬֲָϯƿն
У
ӽӽֱɢ˽ɫĮ£һ
ս̧֮ƽԼá
ӽЦӰǰ
˫ӣȻ쳹գ˵񽣣ͷıƴֱԽоʤ
˫֮ߣعԭʼս̤沽ٶȫ磬顣
н棬豹棬ʮбƴƽɫ
սУӽüһ̤ӳʮɣһԪڣҪΪ֮ѹơ
ӽˣӰϣɽϣһѪɫ˿֣߳Уս֡
ĴɽУԱ仯񳯣ԲսУ־֮Ѫɫ˿ݺύս־
ӽüŲ̤Ҫս֡
ǧǧѪɫѪУ̧˿ߣʱһ˿סӽս֮֡


1464 
ʱգ֮չ־𾪸
Σ֮£־ɱ仯ǧѪɫ˿Ӷӽ
ǰδľսУӽҪնΧ˿ߣȴֱƣá
һ˲֮Ӱӹƿգ

ӽüĿһŭһֲĽӿǧɫݺύȻ¾ɽ档
֮䣬裬Խǰ
ɣ
ڣԪӿɽԻĴɽɽâ
˫֣ͬսɽǿն¡
¡¡𶯣ٶն䣬ؽɫ١
ڶɽ֣ӽɫһ˫нʢǿֱʹӽնһѪɫ˿ߡ
Ȼһ񽣵ɽ棬潻棬ʱ񱩵ĽݺᣬϻѪۡ
˫ɱ仯սַӽĻᡣ
սʮУӽɫԽԽԷӣơ
ǧݺύѪɫ˿УӰ˫磬糱
ǿɽ˫仯Ī⣬֣һ
սУȻ֮ڶҵһսʼ񼸺仯һ̣սٶȱƽعԭʼֻƾʽʤ
аգʥ
սŤתӽһȣ죬֮ܺ俪ս֡
иУڣ˼٣˲ӽǰ
ն䣬ѸӽʽδɽȻ

ɽӽȴǲܣֱץסɽ׳ʿѪ֮Ӳɽ֮
ѪȾɽȻһ˲赲ӽʽѳɣ춯صĽѹϯ֮ϣһڽɫʥ޴ޱȣġ
һ̣ɫʥս֣ױȵܣֱǧѪɫ˿ߡ
֣ӽˣӳ⡣
аգǧһ
սַֿӽնһѸݡ
˫ǿսǶ£ǧѵһ֮սս黹ǽΪ˽Ѵﵽ伫ޣηԶԡ
ϣὣƿնӰܿ⣬һ̤ٶϡ
ƣޱһսΨһʤԭʼʽȡʤ
ͬӽƣһѹϯ֮Ϊƣǿѹǰ֡
ٶȾ棬ʽƴսǻ۵ĲģϿգ֪ӽΪ׳𺳵һϴս
ʣ
磬ɽϣħĴսɫ
ӽѲö˵ô꣬һˣʵǷ
ȵĻ˽ˣôƵ£Ӳӽսƽɫ粻еڶˡ
ħͳ˽뿪˷ɽ
ʱɽϣһλ欵ħŮڣ
Ŷ
ħԣüͷ壬Ƭ̺ͷ֪ˣ°ɡ
ǣ
ħŮתȥ
磬㻹ǷŲ𣿡
ħ̾Ŀ⿴򶫷·Ǳ£ֻһõСˡ
ϣһɫ쫷ٳŶȥ
ӷ𣡡
ʱϣһλŮӴĿׯϣ֡
ʱ꣬ħٶͬĵؽ磬ľȴѽȻͬ

ɫ쫷Уһɱ
Ⱥûжԣоƿ𣬶ʱ֮ˮ£û䡣
״ɱʢһն䣬ǿ֮ˮ
ħˣ޾µĶԹ
ɽϣħ𿴵ϵĴսɫ
עƬ̣ħһǰȥ
ħ׳֮ϣʱħƾա
սϣħֲħ𵴣Բضʼҡ
սУȺˣɫһ
ħ
磬ߣｻɡ
ħ£ħ·ս
ӿĺɫ쫷У¶ɫлħ𣡡
˵꣬ûٶԣһ̤жȥ
ħȺȴûĿ⿴ʵħɫء
ϣħӰħУħˡ
ǿħ׷һ𣬽ԶϴȺ𾪰˷
ȻҲˡ
һʱ䣬һλλħиУ¶ɫ
ˮƵ۹ǰˮŮƹĿ⣬磬һĨ⡣
ħȻԳˣ
˵עĴսʱ綫֮Ƚ׶Ρ
Ͽգѱ˵Ĵս֧飬֪ӽϣҲȾ졣
һ־õĴսʱһȥԽԽȻѾ޷֮С
ȻҲ̤ľ磬̤ߣҲܳʱߣǼûС
֮սѳգм֮ãȻԽ˵Ԥϡ
սУӽнԽԽֻ֪Ҫܹŵǰ˴гս֮ʱ
Ӱ
սͷ̤ӰͻȻ
ɲǼ䣬սУ֣ͬǰ
ӽɫһƹΰӿֲĽ𵴣Ҫǰ
ǰȴﵽӽǰƿգӲὣ
ҵĳУɳʮɣ֣ѪȾա
󷽣ն䣬һѪɫ˿ӶǿסӽΡ
ὣ𵴣ͬȾ죬ȴǿƣϺ˰벽
ĻᣬԹǰǳʹ֪ˡ
棬ħУɷȾѪɽƿؽ⣬ֱӹӽš

ƺɽ͸Ѫӿ죬˵˫ۡ


1465 
磬֮ս£֪һ̣עһ֣ɱо֡
֣˫Ӳӽƣħӵ£ڣһӽš
µһĻӽȾ죬Ѫ˲졣
󷽣塢ǿѹƣû˿ͣǰҪ˽ǰӽ
ǰ٣˴ΣӽɫŤǿһʹԪһħ
ͬʱ˫Ѿǰƽ֣ٶȱ

ӽӽ񽣱˵ܣȻ˫
ԪӽܷͬɣһѪŻϼˡ
Σӽսһ̤ٳԶȥ
߲ˣ
ٵʱУںϣ˻Σػˡ
˵ľ֪ȫ׷ɱӽĻᡣ
ϣһǰһ󼲳۶شӽʧȥ˵Ļᣬֻƴ
󷽣׷ϣȻһ󾳽磬ٶ֮˿·硣
ͬʱ֮ͥϣ֮ͥԶӽɫ
ϵ磬ȥ֮ͥͥڵ
ǣ
·һɫӹϵ綷һ̤Զȥ
ٶĶ񽫳һᡣ
ϣӰӹٶ֮죬ס
Ϊӽѹ˲ȥ
ճ䣬ٵ֦ͷ׷磬һ·׷쾳
ڼ䣬ٶȽΣ򣬹Ҳӽݽߣս۷塣
ȻӽǱ٣ǿѣû̫໹֮
ν֣βҰܣӽΨһе
ҹ쾳֮ϣ׷ӽʶɨѰӽټ
žҹ쳣ԭʼɽϿգУɫɱ˿ûΡ
ԭʼɽУܴصӽڳɽڣʶѼ롣
ϣѰƬ̣Լܲӽڣһʱȴ޷ȷλá
ѰƬ̣ľʧսһӿһն·ɽ
ʱ˵Ĵɽն£һɽҡʯ׹ꡣ
ɽУӽ״̶ܣԪһ̣̱Ͽյ֪

ɫһ䣬һ̤ӽն¡
¡һ޴촫ɽ˵ľɽɽһ̺ŭһƿֲ𺳡
ɽУӽὣӲɽ棬¡¡УһӦ䡣
ƺӽѪɽԽء
аա
ӽǿԪʽ֣ǿƷˡ
߼䣬ûϵӽз˵ΣӽС
¡һӽķˣƾˣʱɳײһٵĴɽϡ
ǰӽûȥشӣǰС
⣬ɽУѹɽϵľʯѪ䣬Ȼܴᡣ
սʱӽѵ;ƿݵĵزʤ˭֪
һս˭ȥ˭ʤߡ
ӱٵɽ߳ʶͿ׷ӽ
ȥԭʼɽУĲģ˭޷϶
ʱϣһɫ绮ҹգٳԭʼɽ
ʱٵԭʼɽϿգϵ綷ȥ쳣
ϣϵ綷ͿʶѰӽټ
ֻǣɽ֮Уսನɻ𵴣ϵ綷ҲֻܲӽĴλá
˼Ƭ̣ϵ綷Ӱ·ɽȥ
ɽУȫȥϢȴԷһɱĻᡣ
ҹ˼žžļţڳɽУʶţ쳣
Уϵ綷۹廹սֵ۷壬ԣжٶ죬Ӱͬ紩УѰһһɽ
ҹɫԽԽɽУڵѼָȻȫվ۷ĴߣȻҹж˿ơ
ʱɽ˵Ĵ޾壬Ĵ׷ɡ
иУɫ΢һ̤̳ɽȥ
ҹɫ£ɽѰʱϵ綷ӽûκηϻֱɱС
Ȼ;ƿݵӽɱΣֻ֣н棬ش
ף
ϵ綷һȣ̽
ӽὣֵնȴǵ֮ȻһȾѪӷɳɡ
ϵ綷񽫽ٶһ̤ϹҫĿ
䣡
һ˵ײϵ綷һȭӽţٶشߡ
ƽδ쾳ʱӽеϵ綷񽫣ȴΪһܲ
ɽУһÿŹľ£Ϊ̿ӽϵ綷˿û֣д
Ѹپףֻڰҹ£һɫ׹ⲻϱڶĲ˼顣
䣡
Ŷʱӽѵϵ綷񽫿񱩹ƣس
֮䣬ϵ綷Ӱֱӹӽš
ɽѪ˴ĿӽȴǲЦȾѪ¶Цݡ
ɣ
̫ӽֱ̧֣ץסϵ綷ֱۣն£ǿƷˡ
Ϊ֮ӽһۡ
ҹ£ӿѪ˲죬ն䣬Ƶϵ綷ܣǰһ˵Ľ۳֣絽ߣɼǡ
壬ݻŮӰϵ綷£Ϧ
һش֣ӽҲľģٶһѪŻ
ͻȻӽɫһ¶־塣
벶ȸںɽۻõ֪ʱӽ󣬺ףͻȻ
ӽæȴΪʱ̫
ɻӹһӽһͣ껹ûü룬㱻̧ץס

һ̣ҹ£Ĳҽ֮
ħӿӽɡ
£أһս棬â¡
񽣣תҪȥ
ȡң
ʱ󷽣һ֮ȵ
ʮ⣬ͣ½ŲعնӿǰشŮӣɫ޶ԡ
ʶŮˣͥϵ綷񽫣ʵףǴͥʱǴ鷳
ҡ
ѪУϵȣоǲ
ĬƬ̣ǰվûӲܡ
ϵ֮䣬ûʲôԹֻͬ
Ů˵
οһˡ
£Ψлţϣ
ӣԪҪ̽룬ȴϵ赲
ƵףἸݻٴȴػԼˡ
üԪӿһץסƵףϵϳ
Ƭļ¶ϵɫһʶҪ
Ҷɫһ䣬ȵ


1466 ҪЮ
쾳ԭʼɽУӽսȡ񽣣Ҫ뿪ʱϵ綷񽫵򶯡
֪ԡѪһͷʤκζ֮Ǻεȵľ
𣬵Ȼ£ǰκζ޷ѡ
ϵǰ˺ϵס
壬ϵϣļ¶Ө
ϵŮӵıʹҪסǰķ⡣
Ȼ֮£ϵȻ޷ֻɼ¶ǰ
ҪҶ
һֹǰҶ̧𣬲ָһ⼱ڡ
ǰ߱ĺϵһҶ
ٵԭʼɽУΪϵˣɫ쳣
ϵϣֲĽ˴һֱӵߣѪⷭ׹ǿɼ
˿֮ϣὣƣɲϲʳϵ
ָԽɢ⣬ֹϵϵƼ񻯡

˿ϣʹϵһƺߣԳʴ֮ʹ
ҪҶǧס
ɫԽأһ߰ϵɢ˿ϵὣ⣬һ߳ȵ
š
ϵǿʹ࣬ӦһǿӲŲԼҶ
ὣǿ֮ȻǿҲ˺þõĹŽϵ˿ϵĽȫɢ
ʱʱ䣬ϵѱˮʪ͸ɫ԰׵ֽͬһ㡣
ɢϵϵĽ󣬻ָΪƣԪӿǰڡ
Ԫ壬ϵǰ˿ۿɼٶѸϣʱȻָ
ȻϣϵشڸȴǻҪʱֻʱѹƣȴ޷䳹׻ָ
֣֮¶Ũƣ֮ɫ
Ǻӽһս׷ɱӽˣƣϵˣȻ׵˼ޡ
л
ϵҲǰ׷ϵƣ֮ɫ¶м
۵Ѿ˵ʲôһԣʯͷϢ
ϵ糢ԼȴǲСĳڸƣʹ
Ȱ㻹ǱҶˡ
ƣڸƣʮأûˣ˺˿ڣԼš
ϵԣŵòٶȻ쾳ǿߣ֮ǰҲͷûʲô
ҹɫԽԽžҹ£˭û˵ʲôϵ뿿ʯͷϣжЩš
йŮѾû˿
֪Լ˵ɵӣοûж塣
žҹţҹɫԽǰϵбԽǽš
ʱһȥϵߣ۵ĳ˯ȥƽ
ϵиУɫһ
˯
΢ָһЩϵСֱӣĿ⿴߰׷ˣɫ
Σÿһսÿһ˶ǿ١
ó˲û̫ͣЩ޾µϹǵʵʲô
ǣϵĲɣȴ˳أ·ѱѹֱӡ
ʱ紵һöҶӵһ˲һǿĽⱬֱӽҶʳƬ
ϵ״ɫһ̲ٶ֡
۲Ƭ̣ǰӲûѣϵɫֻȻӦ
ʣУڰʱָ̣һЩ
ǰϵջĿ⣬ٿ
˯˶ãնӿԱŮӣʵ
һһʱϵЩŵػش
׼뿪
Ҫߣϵ״æʵ
ţһ¡ƽ
ܴһ뿪𣿡ϵ翴Χԭʼɽ¶֮ɫ
ü˵ͷϵûٳŶȥ
ҹ£˼۶ʻһҫ۵ĺ⡣
˼٣˾ˣ䣬֮ϡ
Уϵ翴ӣɫԽȡ
ÿ죡
óٶȣǣλˣǲ˲١
ĳأůϣɢҹĺ䡣
ϵ翴ǰأ齥
ֻˡ
̶̵һҹһ㣬һԶزˡ
뵽ϵ翴ˣоǸм
ʱľˣû뵽
Ͽգ˼۶ٶԽԽ졣
żɫٶȫǰӽսĵؽȥ
ˣ˯ȥ
Ȼкںػǣ޷ġ
ӽϿգʱս޸һսĿꡣ
ɫʱߣӰ
ں
ڣ
ȻžȴûκλӦƬؿյأһӰ
ˣϵ翪ʵ
ûᣬʶͿѰҺںϢ
ֻǣѰãʼûиܵںϢ·ƾʧһ㡣
ţ
ʱɫͻȻһն˫·
·ӷ£һضβɽʯУī
иУһ̤ӷ·ȥ
˲Ϣӷ£𿪱ɽ壬β
ɫĶβ֮ϣѪȣȻŶ²á
ͥ
ŭɫںʵ쾳𣬶磬Ψͥʵںץߡ
뻻ǸŮӺͺں񽣴ͥʱϣһϵ𣬻ص֮䡣
ϵɫһ
ӷ£˫ֽ߬һɱ̹ǡ
Ҫ嶯
ϵǰץסǰߵֱۣǰȥûģ
ĿƹնӲ˿ɫʣͥĶ񽫣㵱ʣ֪λ֮ͥ᲻һ˿ԥأ
ϵԣɫһ˫ʶɿ
Ƭ̺ϵĬҡͷڵᡣ
˽ĺԲΪκεЭ
ɫԽ䣬ȫˡ
ϵվһԣɫ쳣
Ϊͥ񽫣ָȡأ
峿УһԪӿΧѹڵơ
ħת£ħںһ
ʱ˫ۣһֲϢɢǿ쳣
ʱѹƣԼʵػ۷壬ûͣҪͥȥ
ȵȣ
ʱϵ翪ڣ
ԣüͷ壬ңҲ飡
ǣҺһȥϤͥķλڲ¾ȳȵˡϵɫ
˼Ƭ̣˵ͷһΡ
оĳϵڵʮأƭҲϧ
߰ɣ
䣬𣬴ϵ糯ͥȥ
ͥ߸ϵϣ֮ͥĿ⿴ǰ羳ϵ⡣
ᣬһҪõ۸ʲôۣ


1467 ֮
ͥţ˼۶ٶȣ˷Ӧ
ǰδֻһѪ촦
ߣ״֪ۣһƣ֮һڡ
Ӷһֱɱͥڣ¼ߣһ˴
ǰѺܱܿϵԼͥ˽⣬һ·ϲѵ
ͷӰӹηȥ
ͥΣ񽫰أܲ͸磬·ǰ֪ľˡ
УԶһＲ۶ӿȻײǰصڶ񽫡
˵ľ󣬷˼ټӳ֣콣ݺύ԰ټƵڽըʬǷɢ졣
δǰӰԻĿ⿴ǰʯĴţɳ֣һնȥ
ɽ޼᲻ݣ£ֱնͥδš
ٵδţʯĴɽУϵ档
СһЩ浽ǻ󷨣ϵѵ
ףܲΪϵΧ
˷ΣУĹڣһ֧֧ƿնǧǧ򣬷·
ÿһ֧ϣĹ⻪ϴ㶾Ѫ
иУӿȣǧ
󷽣ϵϣǰӳȥ
Уɽɢǿɷѹ𾪾塣
ˣ
ʱһȵ
ϤļţиУһˣǰȥ
УƸգȻ֮޼᲻ݣ֮󾡻١
ΪȰ֪ǿΣ˿ɵ
󣬹⻪䣬һ󱻻ȥ赲䲽
ڣ谭ǰݺύİɹУں粽С
Ӱն˫ǰɹΣɫ¡
СЩѺ𼶱ģ᲻ɴݡϵ翴ѺںĹΣɫص
ûжԣֻ񽣣ֱնȥ
̼䣬񽣽ײϰɹâҵĴ𣬰ɹâӦ顣
˵һĻ󷽣ϵɫ𾪣ӾŵĹâ
ô׾ƿˣ
񽣣鴫
ʱϣϼҫĿһ㣬ϰӰ֣ǿ쳣

ϵ翴ˣʧ
ҲܵϵǿϢɫּ֮ͥˡ
ʱ䣬ͥˣ
֮ͥǰ׷ˣƽҪ˾񽣣뿪
֮ͥĻ
Ϸԣ֮ͥƽ
նӿǰ֮ͥͥڣҲܻ뿪Ҫ
֮ͥĿ⿴ǰŮӣ¿Խύϵ磬ǰȫ뿪ϵ罫ύ
ԣ˵ͷԣ
˵ֽ꣬ݵϵǰûκԥ
ϵӹ񽣣ɫ΢
ͳǰɢٵİɹΣں˳ȥ
أźں
ں͵˻һ໤Ůӷų
л
ܵк˵İƽ뿪ҷɡ
ںԣһͺӦ
߰ɡ
ûٶ˵ʲôתȥ
ϵ翴һϵһĨ֮ɫȥ
Уһ߳Σһֱͥȥ
󷽣Ƶ콫棬쳣
⣬߳ϵͣ²Ŀ⿴ǰ׷꣬ɫӵӣֻ㵽ˡ
š
ͷȥɡ
˵꣬źں뿪ͥ
󷽣ϵ翴ǰȥıӰһ̾
ʱϣϼ֮ͥ߳ڵϵ磬ø
ǣ
ϵ繧ǰ
̧֣֮ͥһǿϵе񽣾˹
֣֮ͥɫˣɱ
һ£ӿͥ⣬˷ӿסҪ뿪

ϵ״ɫһ
ˣϵҲץϣ֮ͥڣ
ǣ
ڶ콫ǰλǰϵ硣
֮ͥ㲻ã
ͥ⣬ͣ½Ųն˫ɨΧ콫ڵ
ճŵ뿪֮˵
ϣ֮ͥɫ

λɱнϵŭɫһ̤ƿն
ө֮⣡
ϣ֮ͥżϵ磬Цֱ̧ӵϵ繥ơ
ϵ繥裬ȴǲϺˣУ֮ͥʺ
ϵ磬ôȥ㻹𣿡
֮ͥץסϵֱֻۣѵ𣬴̶֮
۱۹Ǿ飬ϵ亹ֱȴǿ̳ǵľʹϱۣŤһĻȡ
Ȼһƣϵһ֮ͥսֱϣ
⧲ֻ֮ͥұһ飬ֶ
ϵ֣ͳĿ⿴Զ׷ӣƴһ˿񽣣ߣ

֮ͥŭһƣȻӡϵĿڡ
һѪ죬ϵӰɳһԡѪ޵˾Ķǡ
ϵ磡
ԶӰӹ񽣣Ӱû֮ͣͥϣס˷ɳϵ硣
С«
˵һ䣬ϵ米˺
С«֣ҧָϵУʱסһ˿
졭ߣ
֮ʣϵ翴Žߵİ׷ˣɳ˵
ץңҴɱΧ
ʶɨΧǧ콫ɱԡ
䣬Ӱ˲ɻһٴ۵Ѫ
ͥϣսϵ磬ںǧɫֵӡ
Ҫսսɣ
ɱ
ϣ֮ͥڣɫĮ
λӰӳִս֪
߳Ϊףλ쾳Ķ֣սס·
Χǧǧͥλ񽫣սʼȻ
ʶɨΧˣȻҪȡᣬܲǼʶ񽣵ܣ
˵꣬һѩ񽣱ܡ
һ̣أΪģͥؿʼ٣˵ĽֱӴݻΧط
ѹΧڣһλλ콫ըѪ٣ͥ
Χλܵѹֱӱɳȥ
˵һĻֻһͥΧ֮˲ƣλܴ콫Ǽ˴
ϣ֮ͥ񽣾˵ܣбҵĹ⻪
˽Ҫˣ
֣ԶħͥϿգ˲¡


1468 쾳
֮ͥϣ֪ŭһǧ
񽣣ԻܣǰδֱӻȥͥΧء
֮ͥᾪ˵¶ȵĹ⻪
֮ͥԳ֣ԶʱʱħΪֲ˾塣
֮䣬֮ϣƱգ
У֮ͥӰ˲ԵѹնŤ
ħǿޱȣ֮ͥһȭʯ쾪
ӽӲֲ˳벽
񽣣ն򣬵ԱЧ
˵䣬֮ͥһȭٶȺƸǿ
Ȼһӷɳʮɣǿֹס
ǿޱȵʤκ֮࣬ͥԶħ˵
ɫ£һȣԪħԪںϣ֣֮һ̤ն¡
̧֮ͥӭ֮棬նعᣬȴնǿ
£
֮ͥһٶǰˡ
ʮ⣬ֹסΣ񽣣һȣ߻ħڡ
񽣹޹ıսһΪ־
ʱؼ䣬ħӳ֣ܱ
ɺ
̧֣ԴԴϵħ
һ̣֮ͥӰͬʱӳȭȭȶȣ֮е⡣
䣡
˫ȭ棬ҵĳս˲֡
Ӱ˳ħڣԽԽǿ
ɺӳ֣һı
ϣ֮ͥܵǰߵı仯ɫҲ¡
ǰ˵ĺÿ죡
ӽĽѵǰ֮ͥսб䣬ٳɣһȣƶ
ͥ޾µ˼֮ͥʱʶ塣
һ̣֮ͥӰʧ˲֪ǰ
ȭƺХ죬ȭһ˲Ӱʱɳɡ
˵Զʤκζ֣˫һҵľʧо
ռƣ֮ͥ˿֣һ̤Ӱٶӳ
ɾ룬֮䣬֮ͥһȭ䣬ݡ
ܵǰӰܱ֮ܿͥĹơ
ţ
һգ֮ͥüͷ壬۹һɨ
ƵٴαܹķӦٶȣȫ屾ܡ
ܹƣħΪְ¾ʽ
Ϭʮʽ٣
¡һһĳٵһ֮ͥ
ʮ⣬֮ͥͣΣɢħˡ
״αˣ֮ͥ𣬿ǰֵɫ⻪ɫ

֮ͥɫ£˾Ȼֽ
ѵѾɳ
ϣһħӿɫ⻪֣ٶս
˲ϢӰʧǰ
棬¡¡쳹磬УٶȻԽ
飡
˫ȭӿ˳벽һΣֻ
ӳ֣ϴ߶ɺ屶߱Խ˵ĹǿƷ
֮ͥü˿ʾһӿԵĹƣӦԡ
¡һ˲֪ڼζԺ䣬ȭͷγһ˵մضˡ
ϬʮʽѺֺ飡
򣬷ɺӳ֣һٶűƣһȭա
ǰ֮ͥ״һȣХ죬ͬԵޱȵһȭӭȥ
䣡
ȭƶԺݵ㣬ֻΧأΪģѸٱ٣֮ϣޡ
ʮ
ޱϼޣȼҫ۵ħ棬ˣء
֮Уʮƣ֮ǰӾˣ֮زݣӰ黯
Ϭʮʽٳ񷣡
һŭȣ̧ͷŭٳʱϣħ纣춯ء
ܵǰϱľ֮ͥɫҲ˫ַתһɫƿն
ޱ
ԽǿĶ֣֮ͥչֳǰδеĺսХ졣
תۺϣӰӹǿޱȵȻײ
䣡
ֻĩ֮УսϣһֲشѺ۳֣ݺӣֱ⡣
˵ľ󣬶ϣ˵Ŀⶼʣ¶־塣
ÿµ
һ̣ڶǿ߿򶫷ɫ¶𾪡
ôˣ˾˵Ĵս
ˣ
У˿ʣɫֲ̿ȡ
֮ϣһȭѵվǾþ޷£쳣
䣡
ʱ֮ϣ˲졣
УӰ֣ұ֮ϣѪܡ
˵һȭǿ統ǿˣ޷ܣ۹Ѵ롣
ǣ
ϣ׹ܵ˴̶
ɣұ۾ۿɼٶȸԭ˵ѷָ¡
䣡
˲ϢұӼͬһʱһȭǰߡ
ħڣ򣬾ǿάסʮƵ״̬
֮ͬƺҲͻƣƣ产ˡ
ʮУڲһȭһȭΧѺ۲
磬ͷŶϿգ¶ɫ

ǰͳѺۣòסܵ˴սӰ죬Ѻٴγ֡
䣡
ΪϿյѺ۵ʱ֮ϣͻȻƴֲ
׵ľ·Ҫȥأ·иУɫͬһ
٣
٣
Ȼ˼δ䣬⻪ҫĿһֱ޷ƿ쾳ݣǳֶҡ
쾳٣
֮Ŀ⿴Ͽ¶ɫȻʱͻˡ
ͬʱϽՕDиУ΢΢

ôˣ
һԣ¶˾ͻƣǺ𣿡
ǶԱ˶ԡ
ՕDɫص޵ǽԣҪӳأΪѣ֮쾳ͬ·ͷԽ֤ԼûС
ԣɫһ䣬˫ֿٽӡ
ҪʲôՕDʵ
Ҫֹ
Ӧһ䣬ӡΪý飬޾ʱգ硣
˾ͣ£ǧܶɽ٣
Ͽգ
·ԣüͷ塣
ѽ
ٶȴԽеˡ
·ûԥһȣʼѹԼ
Ȼ֪ĻǺ⣬
Ƭ̺ϣе£ˣعؼ䡣
ţ
ǰ֮ͥǰ׷ˣ¶⡣
Ȼ̤쾳
Ƭɻ֮ͥɫ£ԥӰǰǰ
䣡
ǿޱȵһȭʯ쾪ѹͻƵΪ㣬æ䣬ֱһȭɳȥ
⣬Ӱͣ£ڣҫĿ
ͻˣ
֮ͥǰ⣬ԣûжɽ٣쾳


1469 ͥ
ͥϿգһս֮ͥ壬֪ŭǿƶ϶һˡ
սϾսһǰδеĵزٴ١
֤ǿᣬǣ֪֮ڽ
ȡ֮䣬ԥ֤ѹľ硣
ʧϣһڣ쾳ȴ쾳е
Ѿ޾ûгֹĴڣգǿ̤һ
ȴӡ֤䡣
죬ϣһתĶսһˡ
֮ͥɫأ˫ַֻɫƣ˵ġ
Ӱٶӳǿ죬ǿ
䣡
ȭӣһΣҲ˰벽Զħ֮֮ͥȫƽɫ
֮ܣ˿ֲΧա
ӰĿռѺۣ˿ֲ˵Ĵսвӡ
ժ֣
սУ̧֣޴£ۻԵ֮ܡ
֮ͥ˫ַתּͬ
΢ۣ֮
΢񹬣أ֮ͥһȭֱдһ˵Ѻۡ
ɼµ¡¡𶯣˫չ֮
ȭͷֲȭ͸Ϻˮ죬Уعԭʼ֮
֮ڶȭͷԽԽǿ
䣡
֪ǵڶн棬ȭͬʱڶԷϣعǶ֮ǿܣ
ѪȾ֮ͥϰϣѪ£
棬죬εΣȾ¡
ħ֮ԪӿѸ޸ش֮
˵޸˼Ϊֻ֮˲Ϣ֮Ӱٶӹȫս
֣˲Լսҵĵز
һֻ̣жԷĳһ˲䣬ֻͬʱҫ۵⣬¡
򣡡
һλλ׿Ŷս¶ɫ
˾ͬʱ̤
磬ͬˣһӿҫ֮
֮ͥԽǿÿһȭкһ˵Ѻۡ
ۣ֮ݺύʮ֮⡣
У֮ͥȭУӷɳֱ֮۾ͷ
һȭ֣֮ͥв˿ϲɫһ̤籼ףǰȥ
֮۾ͷӰͣ£ħӿ޸ơ
ǰ֮ͥӰʾڣӰӭȥ
ȭƽ֮ܿͥĹƣһѿסǣ·ͥײȥ
𣡡
Х춯أ׹ֱײͥ
䣡
˵Ӱײͥͥʱҡ
ͥҡͥУ񽫡ͬʱ۾һԪס˾
η
У̾һûᣬڵĹż
ԶʧӿΪϰǰǿ
񽫿һ۲Զꯣ¶п֮ɫϣһлü
ʱվҪԼꡣ
ڣ߳Ŀ⿴ǰսüͷ塣
˾սĲ£
ٵͥУ֮ͥԪ֪
һػ֮ͥǰѺ۳֣˿ֲ
Ϲʱƣ޷Ȭǿǰ֮ͥҴ⣬һԪӿǿѹơ
Ѻ۽ʧ֮ͥ˫ȭգ֡
˲Ϣ֮ͥӰӹ֪ǰһȭ䣬
ֲһĻ֮ͥӳȭӲأֱӽͥһΪ
ͥ٣бһʯĩս١
֮䣬ನֻһ飬ơ
䣡
ǿ߽սƬ̶ٴ죬µһ̣֮ͥӦһȭ
Ȼһֻţ˷ХӰ˲ɳײһһ
ǰӰͣ£ֹסơ
ʮ֮䣬ǿѹѷɫ֮ͥ
Ҳܵвһ
ʱ̧֣ǿޱȵֱ˺գǰ֪
У˲䷴Ӧܿƣͬʱ֣һն˹ȥ
繲֮ۻޱȣ״һ䣬æֵ
Ȼ񽣣նһйǿȴɵ⾪춯صһ
Զħȴǣ޷ǿ֮
ֻ񽣷âնԪ赲ſԼСֵȻ롣

һѪ죬޵Ѫ䣬Ⱦ

Զٸ֮ͥһĻ˫ѡ
ǰ񽣣һ̣֮ͥӰȭ졣
ƣħӿӭȥ
¡һŭֲ֮ͥ£һֻ̣һж̼䣬ҡϱ١

֮ͥסشӰӳɣϲס
޾µ飬ϰ˶ԷĴڣ𺣿ʯõŮ֮飬ǧ飬㡣
ǰֽϣѪϵ䣬֮Ѫȣʯϣȼ档
ʱһĴУλǰǰ
λ֮ף߳ϣȾ죬һ̣ȴǿƣͨ
λ綷ѹƣͬӳ赲ǰǿߡ
սǿߣ˾塣
ܵλȼǿս⣬ƽ˵һ䣬񽣺ؾ졣
˳ϣǿޱȵӿҪ赲Ƭ̡
Ȼ֮ô赲
նؾɥλ񽫳ԼСֵȴֻת֮䣬Сٴ

ƺλɳСǿδՕDǰȱѵ֮
ǰն˫ǰ޾µͥƬֱ̺Ӳء
֮ػɽݣ
񽣼ӳ֣ʱƵͥؾҡױ١
Ĵ񽣴ݲ£Ϊ۳ʧƱ£еĵֵú塣
ԶбžǱٵͥ˵д˿Ȼûκεս⡣
ˣ߰ɡ
֮ͥУشΣǿ۾Żȥͥ£
֮ͥԣһãĬĬ˵ͷ
Զλ𣬸Ҫڳǰȴֹ
סְɡ
֮ͥ˵һ䣬ˣ߰ɡ
˵֮꣬ͥûٶ˵仰ĬĬԶȥ
λ񽫼״¶ɫ⣿
ٵǰһ˫նӿԶȥ֮ͥûг
ǿӹɣսûʤ
Զħ鴫
Զ֮ͥȥȾ죬


1470 ֮
磬ͥ٣˱ȥһʱĳ׽
λ˵Ķ񽫣ûնɱǷһ·
ǧȥѪȵĵɱ¾ʱ䲻ò飬ȴϲɱ
ϣһ֮սĿǽ壬˫һռѺݺύ֮٣ġ
شϵͺںȥһսûһӮҡ
ɳܳŲˡ
ϣС«ڣС
ԣһĬĬص˵ͷ
ϣϵڵһһʧһƣ׶Ͼϵһ
أʵ
ѲᣬǡС«ش
ףûٶʡ
󷽣ں棬βֻʣ
һһϣ±ϵϵ磬̽ڵƣɫ΢
ӣɡϵ۾
ͷŮӷ
ӵĲϵĿ⿴ǰأ¶֮ɫ
ĲƬأ᲻á
ϧסˡ
ӣܷ𣿡
ϵ翴ߵİ׷ˣ
š
ͷŮӳǰȥ
أ˿㣬ͷϵϣ⡣
֪жԶϵҲ߲ƣ֮ɫӣл
Ĭԣ֪˵ʲô
ʱϵתĺںС꣬λųɡ
ں¶⣬Ŀ⿴ǰˡ
ϵܾ
ԣһ
ںɫӿӰ֣˯꣬
ϵǰĿ⿴ǰŮӣһ̾
˵ʵĽλһ˲ϧϵɽ»ҲҪȳȻҲֵˡ
һվûһˡ
ϵ̧֣ǰŮüģһ̣֮ȼҫĿ
иУ˫ȭ߬
֮
һ̫ʱ̽ʶӣֵˡ
˵䣬ϵһȣҫĿ
棬ҫ۶Ŀϵ㾡Ϊǰ˯ѵİȼ֮
飬ĵȼ۽Ψ
쾳ϵ磬ȼĻ棬ޱߺڰУȼѾϨ֮
أϵ黯֮پʼɢ
һĨʹ֮ɫ
ӣڡ
䣬ϵɢʧ
ǰסµİͻȻӺݺһ
΢棬ȴ

֣ǰŮϣһĻ
䣡
ʱ֮ϣ쾪ף߸ʡ
иУٶڣǣɰν
ѻ뿪
䣬һ̤գһնΪ١
ʣһն죬ȻޱȵĽѹֱɢ
繲񽣣ƾˣϣһѺ۳֣ݺӣֱ֮⡣
һ֮ɢӰҪȥ
ء
ں͵˻𣬸ں󷽡
ˡ
ͣƽ߰ɡ
ء
ں˻Դں档
״üͷ壬ߣкܶΣգ߰ɡ
ء
ںٴҡͷ뿪
ɡ
̾ûٶ˵һ̤Űȥ
ں˻һУں󷽡
籱ŰƬͣˮƵ۹ȥ
ˮƵ۹ǰŮ۾Ⱥǰߵ
緢֪Ҳû뵽ϵ綷񽫾Լȼ˰֮
ʱϣ
Ůۡ
Űڵ
ö˵֪
Ůǰһ̽ľɫ
Ȼ
Ȼ΢ǣȴѲǰô
ȣ
ʱȣƬ̵飬ŮۿһȣԪӿԴԴû밢ڡ
һԣ˫ֽգȻһ̣Ҳ쳣
۹ǰŮ۳֣ȫȰϵڵһ˿ϣðٶȼĻ档
ճ䣬ٵնŮУƣ֮ɫʮʱڽڵ֮𳹵ȹ
أŮ֣ƣˣһЩӣܹˡ
ԣɫһ𣬳ǰˮŮ۹һ
лŮۡ
ء
ŮҡҡͷлλϵûȻҲ췦
Ĭһ̾
ҦȴӺͰȥϢŮۿڣ
ǣ
һλˮŮ߳
ӣ룡
Ҧǰ
л
Ӧһȥ
۹ߣһͥԺУҦڵӣͰúϢ˴š
ͷлҦ

ҦӦʲôҪӾŮ۵ĹͣȶȻ㡣
ʱҪˡҡͷش
иˡ
Ҧӯӯһתȥ
Ű˷䣬ڣúܼ򵥣ȴҲʮ¡
ԱûˣС«˳ͷ϶ѿȥ̿
ڴϣɫᡣ
С«˹ģСַڰֱϣ̽
ɳûˡС«
ԣЦʲôʱˣ
ѧþˡС«ػش
ЦЦһС«Դ
С«סԼСԴĻᡣ
ã֪ˡ
Цȥͺںɡ
С«ʹ˵ͷԼСС«λƷ˳ȥ
齱ߣǰŮӵ֣ϾǸ⡣
ô꣬һֱȴǽߵˡ
۹Ҧ߻أŵϵˮŮһ񣬹Ůۡ
£ŮۿŶƽûз֣գûлָ
·һλλˮŮɫ΢ȷʵˡ
ĩ٣ûн
Ů̾վ޷ʤ
۹ߵСԺУڰչˣ顣
ʱһչȥת¹⾰СԺڣľ괺ʼѿ
꣬ܣ
С«׷źں԰ܣߴٵ
ںҲֵС«ˣԺȥ
Уڴ齱ߣŽʪë氢ӡ
ʱϣָᶯһ£΢˼
ȻȫĶעǰѾͷȴǲˣһ
𣿡նӿǰѾͷʵ
䣬ָٴζһ£һΣ
¶΢Ц˾Ϳ۾ŶٵƤˡ


1471 Ľ
ˮƵ۹ߣСԺУ´ʱ˯˰İˡ
ʱ䣬ϵºۼ˫ʧ˿ȥɣࡣ
ϣ˫ۣǰӣ¶һĨЦݣˡ
Цɫº͵ˣ𣿡
š
Ӧ
ǰǰѾͷ΢ЦСĵ㡣
ƽ͵û̫ûмûпϲеֻǼᡣ
˯꣬еϣվ
˯˶ˣоԼʵ
һٶꡣ
Ц˯˰ɡ
ôѽ
ͷ˼
˵⣬ԺУС«׷źںԺܡϷּˡ
Ժڵˣͣһɣһˡ
С«ͺںԣͣ
㣬ˡ
ʱС«ǰŮӣ¶ϲɫ
ֽסС«ЦС«Դϳʲôѽ
С«ֺСԴϵѿ˼ЦҲ֪
Եĵر̫ˣϵȥ̫죬Сһ˲֮ԴϾͳѿЦ
ɿС«΢Цȥɡ
С«ͷַȥҺں֡
ԺУںҾȻŸС«Ϸ
ȥŮ۵лŮ۳١
šɵͷ
Ů߳СԺһֱˮƵ۹ȥ
·ϣЩ귢˵˰Ҳûв廰š
Բ𡣡
ã˵
ȻʧЦԲʲô֮仹Ҫ˵Щʲô
۾ʧ˫Ŀɫ΢
Ҷ̶ȣû˫۾Ӱ졣
ѾͷͷЦңԴ˫۾ҷԼʶˣҲøɡ
ûİ취𣿡
аɡ
Ӧֻһֱæ飬ûʱᣬЩһ취
š
ԣʹͷ
ˮƵ۹£ˮŮ۸ܵԶ˵ĵɫ
λˣҪ˲١
λ־൱ǿң򣬲ô
ΪŲ
۹ǰŰŮۡ
ɡ
۹ڣŮ۵ƽ
лŮۡ
лŰ˵۹
۹Ů۸ϵķϣĿ⿴·ˣڵϲ
¶ɫΪ˵Ů۵л˴ΰŮ
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һ
Ӧһ䣬նӿѾͷڵŮ񡣡
ţ
ͷŴϵˮŮ۹һ
֮ϣŮӰ˲ǰ
Ů֣ץֱۣʶ̽룬Ƭ̺˵ͷѾûд󰭣ĥѣǽȹ̣Խͻ쾳вСİ
лŮۡ
ʣ亱ڵ۹ΪˮϵŮԱ֤ڣΪȻ̤徳Ů
ˡ
ҡͷĿ⿴ӣɫҪ
ŮԣɫҲûǿ׵˸־Ҳǿǰһֱڸ֮£ȥԼ˫Ŀ񣬰ѾȰ㣬ð˫κãȻʱһã˫ۿԶ޷
Ůָ㡣
̶ȣǻԵش򶼿Ըԭԣ˫۾Ӧò⣬ꡣ
Ůɫ㵱ܴп˼ǣ˫˲žþòָܻ븴취޸Ĵˡ
ԣüͷ壬޸ꣿִҩ𣿡
δ˵һִҩ޸ꡣ
ݡ
ŮƽҲֻ˵УһݣΪݣ޸֮ˣǼ٣Ҳ
죡
֣ɫһ˫ȭԾ
Ů۲ǰߵ쳣΢΢𣬵ôкβԣ
û¡
ѹеĲֻһЩ¶ѡ
Ů۵ͷ첻ͬ죬һ滷ӵĵؽ磬ΨǿߣȥҲУǿ߲ڵʵȥĪ˵Ѱݣܻȥǲס
һй飬ɫʮأʵôǿ𣿡
Ůף֪Уڼ
ҡͷ֪
һ
Ůɫоأڤڵ죬Ϲʱر٣ڤһ֮֮ϵֿʧ٣ԣľʵֻأ죬ǿһ죬˵죬ס
ǰδŵۣģŮ֮ԣɫ£쾹ǿ
㣬ͻ徳㹻Ա֮ߣ㹻ǿı֮Ůƽ
Ĭ֮УֻǣŮ˵Σգı֮ҲֻǱˮн
Դһֱ֮
ʱŮ۵˴뱾սʱҲ
ɫ΢Ҫʲôۣ
ᡣ
Ůƽ뿪ǰ죬˵Ҫ
룬ͷԡ
ٽһ¡
Ů΢΢𣬵ףԼᡢħՕD˭⣬ܴĶҲԣͿûѧˡ
ԣɫһ
ˡħǡֹ壬ϰȵΪβһԡ
˵䣬ŮһѶķ񣬼ܽȵȫѧߣȻ죬ֺ
Ů֮ԣͷֱ֮ǰδй뷨̫ˡ
ΣҲһԡŮ˼ǰˣ
лع񣬳лŮ㣬֪ôˡ
Ů¶õЦݣŶԣҪѧԼ̰޶ȵĳɳڴѧɹʱܸһľϲ
ȭħϢϯһ
һ̣ħ˫ת߳۹ֱŷϽȥ
۹ڣֻᣬ˫׸ǰŮۡ
Ů۽ӹᣬһֻۣӹ͵۹֮¡
ɲǼ䣬۹ܣڣ۹ɽ硣
иУɫᾹȻдá
ˮŮۣš


1472 ֮
Ͻ˼۶񹬡
պǰDĿ⿴ǰйµĺӰĬ
ͬһʱ䣬磬ַɽϣӿħУһӰ£ϥ
ǰħüͷüĬԡ
Զͬ龰ħ֮ǰ֪أϥ
һأħ֪ǧ֮ȴϣħϥ
Ϊʲô
ՕDħͬʱڣʵ
Ҫȥ졣
񹬡ɽϣħش
λԣɫãȥԶزˡ
˫ĬƬ̺󣬵ͷˣڡ
λ̾ûٶȰӦ
ͬʱˮƵ۹ǰŮ۾ԶڵôаգDħӦ
Ͼÿλ׶Ը⽫Լı֮ˣҪ񽣣ҲӦ¡
㹻ȡ衣
һԣƽҲ⡣
պ籱Ͻλȫʧ֪١
϶쾳λߵߣ糹׳
˭ûע⵽ľ䣬ͬһء
ϽϻһУӰ֣ǿϢ֮
ڿʼڴȫ֣ڵķѪǱȫ
ՕDǰˣ
ͷDָ̡
ՕDĿ⿴һԵ񣬿ڵ˵һߣ۷¶֡
ɫȴҲûж˵ת˿
óȫ
ՕD񿪿ڣɫĮ
ףӰȫ
ٶȣ죬ֻУɫ籼ڶ಻ĹƣȫѹՕD
սУḐֲ֣ϯХڣ濹⡣
һ̣ڣ¡¡𶯲𣬕D֣ԵѹΧĻ涼
սУՕD񽥽ѹ·٣Ʋ񱩵ӿơ
䣡
ֽ֪˶УƾԵķűՕDһȭѪ졣
һشŻ졣

ՕDӰӳȻһƣٶӡǰӿ

ƺ𣬷ٶȷɳɣԡѪϼˡ
񣬽
ʱՕD񿪿ڣ
ս⣬¶ֻ̣ӹһ񽣳֣ǰ
񽣷սǿѹƣһڡ
ȣ
һȣӿڻԴԴϵ˷ӿ
֪ΪὫطѡΪܷӵǿҲһ
˵䣬ՕDһ޴ڶ𣬿ֲ𼸺Ϊʵʣѹ¡
սУɫ£ΧܵӰ죬ʼŤ
ՕDǿʵ𾪡
Ƭ̺Ӱٶȳײһ𣬿ֲ𵴣

콣٣ױȵ£ǧټǵĽ٣ӰɳȾ졣
𵴵УՕDӰԽңԪһƣȻڷš
ɽѪĻѪеĻԽˣٵؾ

ՕD˵һ䣬Ʋͣǰߡ
ԕD񱩵Ĺƣˣս֣֮Ⱦ졣
Ϊȫ汻ѹƣٶ޷ռݾƣʤһսսʼע

ʾʹսܣǿԪתƣһ̤ա
ɲǼ䣬ϣһƾճ֣ݺύ˫
УՕD״һ̤ͬա
׹
г֣ϣ޴ֱѹ·֪
⣬ٶײ˫Ժֲϯ춯ء
ನ֮ϣֱӱɳȥȾ졣
ǰǧՕDӰӹ˲Ͽա
Ȼһƣٶ£λδֹͣķʱͬһ׹أɳˡ
Եѹս֣Ψһ֪һףսܡ
ϣѪķ٣Ѻ۳֣쳣
ϣՕDĿ⿴·ԵӰüͷ塣
ֳˡ
ǰɫصһѣ򲻴
ՕDͷֻӹʱУԴԴϵĻԪӿûشķڡ
һ̣٣ľķڶһ㣬˷ӿĻԪ֮
ڷՕD񼸺ϣشʱħ磬ƶħϣһ˵ĴսͬڽС
һϮµħֳħսħ
ħ£ƿ񱩣Ȼħǿ󣬸ɲ⡣
н棬ħһһܵشȻħ޸
Уħ٣ʵ֪գħԶϣ֪λħĿֲ
Ԩһ㲻ɲȵʵĳ̶ֳ˵֮ͥӿ¡
ħ񱩵Ĺƣһһħ𻯽⣬ֻΡ
䣡
һҵĳħȭֱӵħâȭ𵴣Ȼǰħ
ѪȾħأħѪδͣս಻ݡ
ħϮ죡
ħӽħϯǰħ
̫ˡ
ħӰħ棬ֱһȭǰߺɳȥ
Ȼһħɳֱײ˰һ޷塣
ɽʯϷ䣬ʯУħӰ£ϴϢ
ħ˵ħħѹУ·˰ô
ֻЩ𣿡
ϣħһǰ

Ȼشħսȴ˿ǿӣնĿ⿴ǰħ𣬿ڵ
ܺã
ħ֮ɫһħϯƬضȾīɫ
ħиУӣӰǰ
֪𣿡
ħֱץסħԵ
䣬ħħֱӽǰɳȥ
սħ̧֣һ򣬶ʱƾΪһֻ޴ħ¡
ħɫ΢һնӲ
䣡
ƿħƣȴ¼ǿħħȻ£ء
ϣħž޿е֪ΣղŲû̫Ϊ֪Լ𣿡
޿£ħ
ԣٴҲһ
ħҲûоܾԪħӿ
ħ̤˫սۼȫнϣȫն¡
ħ״ͷн֪Լ
ϧ̫ˡ
ħħ̧𣬺Ȼһֱӵ˽档
ħħ֮ħ°֣Ĳ࣬ɡ
𣿡
ħƽ˵һ䣬ȭȻӡǰš
񱩵ֱӴݻ֪ǣħɳײһһɽ壬ѪȾħء
ħ״ֻӹΧؼ䣬ħӿΪ޴û֪֮


1473 ľ
ħ磬ħ˫սħףȫҰܣش
ՕDħ֣ش˫Ϊ޸޶ȵش̼֪Ǳڵ
պħ磬ϣս¡¡ս쳣
ħ˫գٶȴսλħףսʤ
Ȼλħ׵ʵ޿ɲȣǿѹ֪һ
䣡
֮ϣ˵ײ𣬾ҵĳ𵴿ħ˫ֱӱɳȥ
ħ磬ħ˫׹УһβҰܡ
Եʵֲ࣬ħ˫Ұܣشԡ
ϽϻУ׹𺣣һѪ
ĻȻʵķû̫໹֮һһεĲҰܡ
ԶǰѪķ¶̡
ʵķʽ̡
ֳǲЩ̫ˣ
Ŀƹֳڵ
ѡ·
ՕD񵭵ûȫҪ̵ʱǿʵͱ븶㹻ĴۣӦ
ǡ
¶ɫĥ;ġ
Ųסʧܡ
ՕDɫĮ粻ȱһ֣һʧߣҲ࣬ǿΪ˭ֹʲô취ÿɡ
䣬ՕḐ֣УԪϯӿǰԵ֪
Ԫ壬ֲ֪ڣס
ՕD״ɫ˫΢΢𣬺˲١
ѪǱÿһܸ˾ϲ
ҲٲãܳԽ
ʱһȥ֪˶գڣŷһ޴ķӰ֣Ѫ죬ҶĿ
D
ϣҵķУ߳ǰՕD񣬿ڵ
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춯صĴײ𣬷滥ϯ졣
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ӿĻУՕDɢȥӿನɫ
𣬽С
ҪЩܽˡ
˼ˣՕD˫ַת죬Ϊ޴Ļ
֣ͬڻвϳ˵˲Ϸӿ춯ء
һδʱħУħͬȫԸƳħǱһδش֪ħ١
شȻħ޷޸֪ƣÿʱħ֣ħˡ
ħǿߵߣɲĴߣһһ֪ʵΪɲȡ
ħڣħԴԴϣħ޸֪ش
ʮպӿħУħ˫ۣһսٶȻָ۷塣

ħǰħ𣬿ڵ
ɡ
ħ֣ۻħԪӿ
˲ϢħӳħЯ֮ܣȻն¡
֮ǰԽˣһһɱ䣬ħС
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䣡
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ǣ
սУħһȭħ˫սֵǿħУħѺۡ
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ħһȣħӦϣȭྡྷȻӡħ֮ϡ
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ħһ̤Ӱӳٶǰħֱӳ·˦ȥ
¡һħУһȾѪ
޿УϽȾ죬ȥ쳣
ħӴĿ⿴·ħɫ
ȷǰǿˡ
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ħ룬Ӱӳħȥ
ڷħ˫пĥʱ籱ˮƵ۹δ֪ؾУŮ䣬Ͷ㣬춯ء
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ѧ𣿡
ãŮͣ£Ŀ⿴ǰ׷ӣڵ
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µʱ䣬⼴ɡ
Ůƽ˵һ䣬ת뿪
ˮؾУ˫ۣǱĻŮ۵ʽ
쳣ʽǣ侪Ҳ޷ȫ¡
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ʮպˮؾУѩΪģ¡¡𶯣ܲʡ
ĳ֣ס
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ʱˮؾڣŮӰ֣Ŀ⿴ǰ¶ɫ
ΪҪһµʱܳŵ
ҪԤϵҪࡣ
ǰѩУһǿ
ոһգǱľԼᣬԼ
ԶŮ۾һֱҲûָ㡣
ºŮۿʽǰ
ñĳɹ
Ůۿڣǰ׷ӣ
ѩУն˫һĨ
ۼ䣬Ӱӳ˻һ졣
˫ĸºδ쾳ȴŲѷɫ쾳Ϊ
Ůۼ״ɫ΢Ԫͬһӭȥ
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ƴƽɫȻΪľԲ࣬Ůѹ
ʮ⣬Ӱͣ£δǰŮӰȻٶ
ӿѩˣ춯ضԪӲ
ֻ˰벽Ⱦ졣
ƹȴ㲻϶
Ůʱ㣬Ŀ⿴ǰˣֻӹһ񽣷ɳýóǿʵ
񽣷ɹǰ̧սһϢʱı䡣
ӿȵĽѹϯѩңƼ
Ṳ̊̽ɣһա
һһۣǿޱȵһӭϡ
ƣ½棬ҵķѩУѩ۶ɵĽ٣ŮӰ֪ǰȻһƣӡںš

ƺӰɳɣ졣
ǿޱȵıһˣֻһƣ֪ǿһױȵΪ˲
ǿסΣһԪӿһ̣Իۡ
ľɱ˵Ĺ壬ܶԿ޷սʤ
ӿķѩУŮ߳Խǿ
ǿĶ֣˲Ұִ⣬Ṧ壬Ҫ֣ȴԶ
ǣ
쳣ˮؾУǿʼ˱˪ǿĺԹͬΪԹı壬Ҳӡ
ǰŮ۽Ųͣ£Ŀ⿴ǰˣûżų
ȻһЩԾʹܸ࣬ľС
ԶһĻֽգȼҵĻ档
̫ˣﲻòЩʹ࣡


1474 ˲
ʮ£ˮؾѩϮ죬ѩУӰϳ˪ƾס
Աǿף˿֣ȫӦˮŮۡ
ͬľѧȴرȻԲףѵŮ۾
սһαһβңѩȾѪ֪һһβҰܡ
˿Ʋ˵ĥУʵŮʱǰ㲻һ
ףƾ̣ʵףÿΪԼʵӽһʱȴǷֵֶΪøǿ
սսһһңѲ֪˶Ѫλ
ˮؾУֶ֪ٴκһαˮŮۻܣѪȾѩ
ܵӰ죬⣬ľܣǿ𾪡
񽣲أֹסƣһѪ죬ϵС
棬Ů֣Ŀ⿴ǰ׷ӣɫ
ǰ˵־Ҫǿࡣ
ôΣ˲ҵĥˣܵסҲѾˡ
Ůۻ֣ΧԴԴϻǰڡ
壬ڵѸ޸һλָ
Σܴ𣿡
Ůۿǰӣʵ
ѹӿѪƽս⡣
ŮȻǸӡ
ɣ
ŮҲûٶԣڵ
γǰ񽣣Ųһ̤ǰ
䣡
ƽӣѩŮǰˡ
ǿޱȵıףΪȫһѩӿٴνڽڰˡ
ʱӰһֱ˽һӣƵʧս𱬷ߣϣҪ߸겻ĸ֡
һʱ䣬սƵ쾳Ͷ磬񹬺ͷɽܵ˸Ĺ
翪ʼ֮ʱϽϻ򣬴սڳԴԴϡ
һս֪˶ãڣҫ۶Ŀ

սȣՕDͬ򣬹Ʊ
սУռƵՕDһȭ˷۱۹ǣҪսƣۣӿԼٶ޸ơ
ţ
ՕD״ɫһӰ˳ս֡
ǰӹ˲Dǰ糱ǿƷˡ
籼ף콣ϯ޾棬ѹǰՕD
䣡
ՕDָ½һĳתս֡
ȻһǱϣһ̣һ޸ơ
ՕD£д
˲
˵У߾磬㡣
ٶȽ֣񽣱Dϣӷɳʮ
ְͣɡ
ՕDǰˣƽɹˡ
üնӿеĶϽڵһúԶ
ՕDҡͷʵ࣬Ψ̤쾳СѵõҪԱ֮㹻ˡ
һƾԭ˲޿ɲȡ
л
һ񣬵
ͬʱħ磬ħսħһӵʵ
ʮ棬֪ĲħԽǿȻڸƶܹѸٸԭ
ħԣջȴƥħǿߵǿ
ħϣλǿħΪֻ棬ؽȭսּ쳣
֪Уħһ˲֮˫սֱնǰħߡ
úã
ħ״һȣӭȥ
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ʮ⣬ħͣΣҪٳ֣ȴֹ
ˡ
ħ𿪿ڣƽˡ
Ϊʲô
ħüͷʵ
̵ܽıѽ̣ʣµֻԼȥ򣬽죬ǴˣǧҪ˵Ǳ̵ģᶪˡħ𵭵
ħжϽ
ħ磬ħ˫뿪űȥ
Ͻ磬ڽֹ񹬺ͷɽ֮ʱϣһɾ춯صѹƿֲ𺳡
һλλǿ𾪵ĿУϣħػ硣
С֮Ҳҷ֮磡
ħڣһ䣬˵ѹ£Ȼһֱӽǰ﷽ԲΪƽء
һƾٽ̡
һգٽ̴Ұܣһ֮䣬
һ֮һ֮Ϊף
ՕDħ֮𣬽ˡ
籱ˮؾУΨһδصı壬ھĥѡ
ͬѪ֮ǿķħ˫ֻһ鷲ȴһľ硣
Ȼ񳯣籱ףѪƣɡ
һ£ɳ࣬ǣδܹصĵز
࣬ʮԣһһεĲҰܣʶԼĲ㡣
ս̫࣬ȻԽսǣ㲢Ǻ¡
֪ٴλǰˣŮۿڣҲȴأʵĶ壬ŲСľ롣
Ĭûз
ʵȷʵˣܷϡ
ع鴿ԶԶס
ֲֻ࣬ʱ̫ˣǧ꣬˵ָ֮䡣
ŮۿǰˣƽľĺԹȻ죬Ҳô˵ֻǣ޵ʲô̶ȣΪں϶٣㲻֪ˡ
Ů۵л
һ֣֤Щɹ
䣬ŮѩӿԴԴϵĺǿƶֳء
иУɫ£һ˪ӿ֮ϡ
һ֣֤
˵䣬Ůۿһȣʱ֮ϣƱ仯ס
̫һ
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һ̣ѩУŮӰӳ˲֪ǰ
ӽӭϡ
ƣ
Ů֣֮ϣһ̶ıѣ񽣽Ӧϡ
񽣱٣Ů۹ɲ춯һƣȻǰš
ƼӰɳɣŴһ޴Ļڳ֡
Ȼת֮ѸٱȻ顣
ɢıȾһ˿죬ҫۡ
ԶӰƾնգѩۣΪһλѩ֮
̤Ӱӳն¡
ˣ
Ů̧֣±ɫƽԳˡ
Ȼһб飬δ˼ˮŮ۷ֺ
һӵʱ䣬㳤޷һɳ죬Խλ𣬵ǣʮǻʣ̫ջ
ʱˮؾ⣬ħ˫ͬʱ
ؾУˮŮиУִؾ
ħ˫룬һϢ˵ǿ
ܵ˫ع飬ûжԣ䱸ſ
˫ǰ֪ʱһӣٶںϡ
ɲǼ䣬ˮؾϿգ״硣
쾳٣
ˮؾڣиУüͷ壬ˡ


1475 ֮
ˮؾħ˫ۣ춯֮ܣ𺳾ʮء
֮ϣֲѹ£쳣
ˮŮۼ״ֻӹ뿪ؾ
ˮƵ۹ǰӰ֣ŮӰ˿⡣
ǰգʱп¡
֮£նעʣɫƽˮ
ȻһӵޣʵмߣҲѹƲס
Ͻ񹬣ܵľ˲¶𶯡

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صġ
һԣՕD񿪿ڵһβһ
䣬籱һ춯صĽֱ죬ᴩء
˵һĻǿע⣬׷׿򱱾
ÿµĽѹ
Ŀ籱죬޾һҫ۶Ŀ
У°׷ӰһѹԽˡ
䣡
ʱϣƹյľĩս٣ġ
У죬ܵӰ죬Ͻ
µľټ籱˹塣
䣡
£쳣ֲ׺·֪
۹ǰ̧ͷնעҫ۵Ĺ⻪˿塣
Ѹ֮ƣֱ·֪
¡¡𶯣ף׺У°׷Ӱɽӿǿɺ
һ׽ٺ˿ˣֱ֮ӿ¡
䣡
ʣƹ޾Ʋ
Խǿ𣬸ǿ
˲ϢĿУٻض£˵ܣֱӽ硣
·ָһޱȵĽⱬȻһն
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䣡䣡
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ˮŮɫ쳣ǿ٣Ѿ֪ûмˡ
ͬһʱ䣬ϽĿ⿴űɫͬ쳣
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ՕDűѪգɫصٵĹģ̫ˣһٲô׶ȹ
ԣиӵǣ˫ֽգһ˫Ƭ̲ҷ
Ҳ̫ġ
ՕDз˲ô׳¡
ͷɫĵȴûٶ٣֮٣ܹ֤ԼܰȫȹҲС
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һҹӽս˵ʵԸһЩ˽⡣
ȻԾҲǿģκ޷󼰡
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ħԳ֣ȻȺҲУħȥ񣬻Ϊħ
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ˣѲ˵
ħһ̾Ŀűʵ˵ҲνǸˣ˫۲ȴʮ־ʡ
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籱֪ɽ٣һؽһصٴƼ
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ǰδľ֮٣飬轣٣֮٣ǿɱߡ
׽£ȹ٣ɫҲʼ¡
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룬ϣǧټǵѪɫ·֪
Ѫɫһľף쳾УԻһӭϡ
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㾡֮ϣһǰδĺںɫ䣬ֻһȴſըĿֲܡ
·̧ͷѹƣоתƣһѩϯ⼱ɢ
ۣ
֣ΧѩۣΨһ
е򽣣ӽʥӲס
䣡
֮£ʥ٣ྡྷ䣬ֱ·֪
һ̣һλλɫһĿ¡
磬£оɺͷϣһӿǿгų֡
Ͽգ֮ѹ£ֻϢ֣㽫֪ء
ȣ
ϣ޿ӳ֣̤أ˫žɣԽ
䣡
һ죬µĴѳ֮
ʮɡɡǧɣ֮ѹӲ׹ƺ쳣
֪˶ã֮׽ɢȥؼ䣬ӰҲʧµΨһ׵ľ޿ӡ
ˮƵ۹ǰŮɫ쳣֪Ρ
һԣǰ૵û
䣬׵ľ޿£ӰȾ죬쳣
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Ͻű¶ϲɫ
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籱˭ûϵһĻٽ֮ϣƵĽɫ֣罣ѹ
֮ǰӽӳĽ⣬ֺ֪֤̣֮쳾


1476 
񾳱֪ɽ٣ٺ󣬽ҫĿԻ
֮žޣһ˼䡣
֪֤Ӳݣ⾪죬
ɲǼ䣬пգ춯ء
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ѹХڣһȣӽն졣
ʱϣһ˵ĽӲӽ
һ򽣣¡¡쳹ֲľοХڣϯʮء
֮һɽݶ˼ƾ˲ͲħȴǱܿ٣սɲ
ؼ䣬ֽʤ߿ܡ

ʮУԪ֣罣
׵Ľݺƿʱƣն򽣡
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򽣱٣֮һҫ۵ĽɫŽƾԻ֮ԽʱգƾԻ
ױȵĽһھ쾳񽣣ƾˣ񽣽һ̣ʮأɽ磬Խؽޣѹʮա
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磬ǧǧ򣬷ȥһ·Ȼٶͬˣ죬죬ľס
أؼ䣬ʱտʼͣԽ٣ʱ䶼û
ʱٸı䣬缸ֹһ˲֮ӰǧУ硣
̫һ
⣬һȣԪһն¡
䣡
ؼ䣬һֲĽն£Ȼɢ
֮ٱ٣ɢ¡¡𶯣ܵӰ죬ҪС
ˮƵ۹ǰŮۼ״ɫ΢һȣһĳƾʱĻֱķס𶯵Ĵء
Ϣ𶯽ֹͣӳأΡ
ϣӰһ𽥽ȥǰδеһ٣һ׺ľ
ȻһأϴϢȾ죬ɫ価ƣۡ
ڣߵһ졣


1477 
籱֪ɽ٣ɾʷһλ
ϰлȥͭɫѺ۵쳣
أħϢӿڵѸ޸ָ
۹ǰŮ۾ȴǰƻָ
ʱһȥˮƵ۹ǰٵĴϣһ֮ӿԵںϡ룬ںϡٷ룬ɡ
һһҹ˫Ϣȶ
۹ǰŮǰĿ⿴ǰ׷ˣڵñʶΪ
ָ̣
̧֣ɷûУһ䣬Ӱӳ
磬˲Ϣ֮䣬ӰŮǰն顣
ŮԪ̧Ȼɽ֮
ȣ
ȣϱѹˮŮۡ
ţ
ܵϴǿѹˮŮüͷ壬˳벽
ӳ֣ˮŮ۰벽˿Ϣ֮ǿޱȵһȭš
ˮṲ̊Ӳܿȭ⣬һɽӦ٣ʯ졣
˵֮ħ֪ɱ䣬ʵ
УˮŮҲܵǰ˵ı仯һȣԪٴߡ
ʱ۹֮ǰˮŮһӣʵʣһ硣
ѩ磬ˮŮʵ㹻޾
ѩϮ̤˲ܿŮ۹ƣ漴˫սȻն䡣
ٶȡһսĹؼռƣȻԱˮŮۣȴռϷ硣
ѩУˮŮ˻ľԪر⡣
ǿɺΪ춯أˮŮѩһƺ
ӽУȻһƽɫ
ֽ֣һ˲֮䣬Ųһ̤ͻȻƣʱΧһһǿޱȵĽѹϯ

ػۣǿޱߣȣ޼Գɾ쾳䡣
֮ݺύ˫гֵɲǣ籱ǧǧ򽣹Ի
׵ܣ𾪣£һͷ׷裬ħ
һ̣䣬ƿն
Ůۼ״ɫһһȣѩۣΪϵǰ
䣡
棬䣬֮£˾չΪ𺳡
Ůǰƿգϳŷѩϡ
˲Ϣ򽣱٣ѩͬɢ
һ̣Ӱһնѩ顣
¡һ滮֮һٷѩɢŮӰɢٳ֪
ȻһƣǿƺǿȻɢ彣ںϡ
һӰͬʱɢѩϯְٲ⡣
ͬͬľٲ⣬Ӱͣ£ûٳ֡
Ȼɱˡ
Ů֣ϢɢȥĿǰ׷ӣп
ֻн棬Ѿܸܵǰ˵ı仯ǿȻҲҴ⡣
Ů۵ΪȻԶԶ֮ϡսƽ
ŵŵΪ䲻ٳֵڶˡŮɫ
׶ɫŮںξ磿
۷壬ף硣Ů۽͵
ԣ¶ȣѹ̤쾳ԸܵǰŮ۵Ϊ˴Ĳ
쾳ǿߵż㽫һȫͬ硣Ůƽ
⣿
֪ܿˡ
ŮۿԶڵ룬㲻ͬ⡣
䣬Զʣһǿ쳣Ϣ֣ɾ֮ϵ磬һ޴֣
һλδ֪ʱյע⣬ֽ
ɣ
ؼ䣬һϵ˵
ˮƵ۹ǰŮۿŴӶµ磬ڵȥɣǵãҪȥ죬㲻ܴӦ뿪
ü˵ͷ硣
ǰŵϵ¶⻪
֪ʱֻԶԶؿıӰҲ׷Ĳ
֪ʲô𣿡Ůۿǰڵ
֪ҡͷ
Ľ硣
ŮƽоأΪΪ硢磬磬еķ򣬴֣˵У׼ǿĴע⵽Ҫȥ
ԣֽ߬
Ϲʱڤһ֮Ƴ磬ԣĽ֣ܹﵽ
Ůۼ˵ǧѵһĻᣬȥ磬ܱܿش٣õƾõǣҲ
ؼ䣬ϣ죬羡ͷȥ


1478 ս
籱Ŀ¡
ͬ죬ɾʷһλ֪ľޣ׶
һ£ϣǰУϰѪ߰ߡ
սһƬͣЪ֪һ̫࿲
Ȼ»һսҲ֪սͬȾ磬޵С
ʵǿ˵֪ѲǵǰҪ˱ɡ
ϣǰУ³ѪɫĽӡԽԽ
ķУƿٸԭʱȻˡ
һĿ˹¶Ľ֮ɫ
ǰ磬Ƕһ룬˵У㲻ĴڣյĿꡣ
ϽǰűĽ񹬣һ˿
Ĵ˾Ѿ޵עˡ
콾
һԣՕD񿪿ڣ۵
磬ΣȻôҪþãһͷܳɣǣжܹùã
ǻۡʵ̫̫Ĳȷأܲϧۻ죬ʱֻǹӲдĻţʵףǣűϣţһеǰᡣ
ħɽϣĿ⿴űϿյĽ磬Ҳһ˿ݡ
磬ˣֳˡ
û飬ǸȴˣȻûпˡ
籱ĿУӰʧʣ羡ͷ
羡ͷϼһƬͰ
漫Ը磬ݱΪʦϼУһϵʵ
ĬƬ̺ҡҡͷҲȥ磬Ǹ
ţ
ϼУ漫ûϵǰ˻˻شʵΪΣδ֮𣿡
ͷشȴδ֮¡
Ե֮ȥ硣
漫Э˲ţʧȻҲǾԵš
ⲻϣٴҡҡͷˣûлȥˡ
ΪΣ漫ü
̾նӿ۹ǰŮӣҵѲԼֻǧʱ䣬ǧԺұҪ
ϧ
ϼУ漫һ̾뱾ûʦͽ֮֡
䣬羡ͷϼ⽥ɢ漫۽ʶػ硣
תҪ뿪ʱʧϼУһöɫƽɳ֪ǰ
漫ͬڱļӣˡ
ˣϼɢ漫۵Ϣʧع硣
ϣӹ漫ĬĬ·ȥ
ʱ磬ص硣
۹ǰ罥ɢȥŮһתնӿһԵѾͷ֣΢ЦǸˡ
š
ͷСǰУǰһͬȥ
ˮƵ۹ǰŮۿԶȥıӰһ̾
֪϶ȥ˻޾ˣǶڴˣȴ塣
ȥҰ֣ҵ󣬾ȥ졣У˵
š
Ӧ쳣
ºϽϣѰҵȳİλߡ
죬ͬ磬ӵԼܹǰȥ
Ÿʱ䣬Ͱ߱ϽأİλһһѰ
Ÿºһɽϣǰλߺǧǿߣƽ߰ɡ
ǣˣ
λ߹
һ̣ڣʷȥ
󷽣ս¡¡λߺǧߵս׷ȥ
·׿֪ȥıӰͬʱĬ
һȥأǧ꣬ϣܻŻ
ϿգǧǿȥսƳգʽս졣
պ󣬵ڶǰ߳һն˾֮ơ
֮޼᲻ݣɽӳ֣Ȼ̵ʱձҲӦ顣
类򿪣ӿֹ޸ռݡ
󷽣ǧħΪӹڡ
УһλλĿ⿴ʣ¶ɫ
ֻˣ
죬춼ʼȫ䱸
ѵսҪʼ𣿡
λɫ£ôǿ߽죬ʵǲò
ս
߿ڣ
ŵĿУϣսʻͷβûͣ¡
䣡
쾡ͷٶһնռݣȥ
ǧϣһͬԶȥ
⣬ս¡¡Զȥ
ǰŰڴǰҹ̣ûͣЪ
Ϊ˾ȳܰʧȥһ꣬뿪˼䣬磬£תѹ
쾳ǰ
ʱ䲻ˣһؾУǧħжٶԽԽ졣
ǰһεĽѵһΣǧܿ磬ŵȥ
ֹ˰գ죬޼ǰǧħӽնƣŴС
޼Уǧħӹǰ֣ƣӰԻ
𣬵޼ˡڣƽ
·Ĵأǰ˹񣬵л
֮͡ش
лᣬȫ¶顣
˵һ䣬ٶһת·ȥ
߰ɡ
뿪Ŵ·ǰȥ
պǧħʻ޼쾳һؾȥ
磬뿪ãʬɽγͬ뿪硣


1479 ̫
˼֮ϣ磬ǧħս죬Խ޼󣬼ﴫ˵еĵ죬̫졣
̫죬ĵһ죬Ҳζһ뿪磬ĵؽ硣
̫ǰǧħͣ£Ŀ⿴ǰ羰¶ɫ
֮䣬ʱϣ֮䣬ʱϸǾˣƣڱо
ǰ̽ǰ磬һħ汬Ҫſ硣
Ȼ˵һĻ֣Уħ澹Ǳɴû㲨
ǿʱϣǿħ޷֡
ã֣üͷ塣
򲻿𣿡
󣬰ǰ
Щ鷳
ͷʱϣҪطҪιࡣ
а취𣿡
С
Ѿͷ˺󼸲˺һЩ
š
ԣͷתźȥ
ǧǰһȣڣֲޱȵĽѹϯ춯ء
һ̣ϣɽͬʱ֣쾳ͬʱɽɲǼ䣬޾ɽɷ硣
ȣ
ͬԽǿƣҫ۶Ŀ
֮޾Ľѹ𺳾ʮء
󷽣λߺǧǿ߸ܵǰ˵ѹ¶𺳡
ǿĽѹһʵ
Ŀǰͬʱ߶ɽϽϯΪһ춯صĽ⣬ն¡
Ȼɽն綼ʼ𵴣ϳ
𺳵ĿУɢĻϢУһĨĹ⻪֣ҹ⣬ҫۡ
羡ͷ̫֣磬Ϲɽ磬˵Ŀ⡣
У̫һƣٳǰ
ˡ
̫쿪ŴУûаͣ
ս¡¡ǧʻ̫죬ǿޱȵϢգע⡣
̫Уʮڣһλλ޾µϹӳ˯бѣĿ⿴ʣһĨɫ
ֻ棬ĵؽ磬̽ˡ
ʮУϵ𣬻ص
ԣ
ֻؽУֻӦûжϻһĳ졣
ֻؼ䣬һֲ֮ƾ𣬻գֱʡ
ϣǧǰиУüͷ壬ֻɽһն£ǿƵֻ
Ȼһ𣬽նƲ·ȥ
ţ
ֻؽڣֻһٶȷһƣƿնĽ⡣

һн棬ֻ濪ڣ
Ĵ֮Ƿ̫ˡ
ϣӿ
µ֮ʢʵĶ
ֻؽڣֻĮ
ĶòҪҴע⡣
ǱһҪȡأֻЦ
֪㵽ף
ɫ£˿õ
ܺã
ֻؽڣֻӦһʱһɼȿֲѹѸٸգǿֹϣ·ңԶϹʱصļ¡
ֻؽص潫Ҫ֣Уһλλ֮Ŀ⿴˹עһս
Ҳܵλ֮ǿϢɫ¡
̫ʵ֣ʮλƿֲ쾳ǿߣҲܲǿߵϢ
ңʮλ쾳ǿϵϢ̫ˣϵѲô䡣
̫һλλ߿ʣĿȴֻľ
ˣɱЩ˵Ĺɣ
֪ηͻȻһЪ˹Ů𣬴ֻؽء
ŮֻؽֻаУĿ⿴ʣ
ȻŮӵ£ȻըѪȾء
Ůȥһɣֻڡ
ϣܵ·Ҿ磬ȴֹ
ˣĳ˾֣ͬڷˣ̫ĳ˾Ŀŵľ
һ˲׹Ϊ̫ʮû쾳֣ʵָ
ԭеԴͷʮ˵Ϲ
Ȼ˱ɹ
նӿ·ɫԽԽ䡣
ֻؽУ¡¡𶯣һλŹϷε߳ǿޱȵΪѹΧնŤ
ˣֳ˿Ѫʳ
ֻ濴Ͽյİ׷ˣе̰˿Ρ
ҲҪб̵£
䣬һ̤Ӱ£˲ֻǰ
¡һ֮䣬һȭֱӡǰţǿֱӽֻ
ֻ֮ײһɽ壬ɽʯ׷ɡ
·ʶɨԶһʯһ̰ļһҲԻأ˭ǵĵ
⣬ɽУֻʯĿ⿴ǰ׷ӣɫ¡
ֻؾ
ֻ濪ڣ̧ٻ̫ʮ֮һֻؾ
ɲǼ䣬Χؼ䣬ڣҫ۶Ŀ
üܵΧóصĿռ䣬ɽֱӲء
䣡
أ¡¡쳹ֻؽأ·һɫž𣬿ֲѹ˼ɵ
ֻؾֻ֣Ӱӳͷ񾳣Ϣ
Ȼһƣֻ֪ǰǿƷˡ
ɫ£ܣ̧ӲֻĹơ
βɽϹħӲǵֻƾ
ˣý
ɽһǰٶһȭǿֱӺֻš
ǣ
̶Ĺֻţعѣྡྷ졣
ֻ¶Ȼӻδɳٴαץסһȹֱ߳
¡һ߷ӰӹֱӳʯУ̧ץֻ棬ֱӳ·˦ȥ
䣡
ֻ£ӦݣϣӰ׹ֱһŲȥ

ֻҽУûκλ֮ұ۱۹Ǳֱӱ顣
ֻҵĽûаٶһţֻһֱۡ
ǣ
̶쳣ĹľֻӲϲҪѣȴѲʹ
ǣ
һţֻȹӦ飬űȣһҽУʮء
һУλ֮ɫ£˭û뵽𾹻ǿʵ
ֻؽУֻΣʱֻؾҪ
иУһսֱһնֻؾ
һ̶Ĵ죬ֻؾѿȻ顣
ֻؾ٣ֻܵɣһƺߣش
ôȥǱˣһеĹͷϧӸʱ䣡
䣬һȭֱӶֻţʱѪӿȾֻؽء


1480 ʮ
̫죬ֻؽأնɱֻ棬ѪȾء
ֻսʼնû̫໹֮ʵ̥ǵ֪ȫ汻ѹơ
ֻؽУħӿֻ
ϣǧĿһսͳ˧ʵԽ𾪡
·ն˫ǰֻؽأӻڿնǧɸ߿ϣһħԪȻһȥ
һƣݣ·ֻؽӦ䣬һֱء
̫Уǿ߿һĻ¶𺳡
ֻؽؾȻƽˣǿ
˰ɱЩ˵Ĺ
֪˭ȷӦڵϣߵݰ
һ䣬ǧǧߺƽҲӣϿͷ
ϣ̫ܵǿüͷ塣
ߵݣ޾ʣΪʵʣ֪֮
ǧѹǷ·磬뿪
üͷ壬նĿ⿴·飬ãһ̾ͷҴӦǡ
ƽ̫죬̫У¶֮ɫߵݡ
һ̣ɢжҲơ
ˣ
󷽣һλǰʵҪðŷնЩ𣿡
ͷŵ֮£ʧˣȺȥȥ
˵꣬Ӱһظȥ
ԨأͻȻһ쳣ϢӴëȻ
еǰԨ֮ȫ渴գһϢӿ߳Ԩص׵Ĺľ
ϹʱĽ֮˻գʵǿᣬ
ŵ棬㼸һصף̫Уʮλ֮ȫϹǿ޽ӽ˵е
ΪֳŵɱԨأԨ֮
ŵĴҩϷЦˡ
ԨڣԨ֮߳ϵķΣһͲʱС
ٶϽ֮ɫ˿գħԪӿ
һǿٶȽ棬Ŀ䣬ӰӹȻײ
ǿ߽֣Ԩ֮չ־ΪͶ㣬ˡ
޽ȴƾǿޱȵսԨ֮һȭӰ׷ɣӲϹ
䣡
ȭԺ䣬ӿս˲֡
ǰֻ棬Ԩ֮ʵԸʤһһϢ˳ɿ
ʮ⣬ɫ΢䣬ѩϯء
Ϭʮʽ٣
̧֣ﷶΧϯѩֱ졣
ڰԨ
Ԩ֮ɫͬ£ﾡڰԨ
˫쳹أԨضʼζ
ڰԨףؼľΣУֻΡ
ţ
ԨУܵڰϢüͷ

ֻ𶯵ԨУڰӿһ޴ĺڶ֣Ԩ֮Ͽա
̧ͷնӿϿյĺڶԪһ˹ȥ
¡һںڶ֮ϣڶܣǿɾ֮
ԨһκǿǶ޷ƿڶķ
Ԩǿ޿ɲȣ
Ԩ֮Ŀ⿴ǰ׷ˣ
𣿡
һһ̤籼ӳٶȣ˲Ԩ֮ǰ
ħԪӿһȴӳ֮ܡ
䣡
֮䣬һȭǿޱȵʤκ
Ԩ֮ɫ£ɫӿǣ֮ӲС
žһȭ俪Ԩ֮ܵ赲ݿ࣬Ԩ֮ϡ

ȭԨ֮һƺߣ
ǰӰӹٶһȭΪֻʤ
Ԩ֮ɫ΢䣬߶ٵħ
䣡
ҵĳ¹ƣȴ𵴵ྡྷԨ֮ˣѪ¡
㣬ȣ
䣬һ̤ٶԨ֮ǰȫۣӳ֮
䣡
һһεĳٵħڶ֮ϣһ˿Ѻ۳֣ѳо֮˳ųֵļޡ
Ϭʮʽ
ܵڶƣǿг
䡢䡢䣡
ײ˺ڶ
䣡
ڣ̫γĺڶҲԻ⾪˵Ӧ١

޵٣Ԩ֮ܵɣٴһƺߣش
ȥһѿסԨ֮ʺҪĴҩˣϧˡ
䣬ǵһֱԨ֮ĺ
ħԪ壬Ԩ֮ҪѣȴǱħԪֱɡ
Ԩ֮ս̫УУλ֮¶𺳣ûϵԨ֮Ҳˡ
Ԩֻ֮ͬ棬Ԩ֮ʵ̫죬ҲǰĴڣû뵽ǰܵҡ
˵Ǹѵ۷弶ʵ
ԨǰֱһƽԨ£ȥ˵ڶء
Щתʶɨ̫أƽżֵܿǡ
ˣĪҪ̫ˣ
Уһλλ֮лع񣬾ֻһˣѵĳ뵽Ҫƽн𣡡
кβɣ

λ֮ŭŭͬʱȴҲżֿ־壬̫ǿˣĺƴܹȫˡ
Цûٶ˵Ӱӹһظȥ
պ󣬽ʥأԨһǰӰǿޱȵħѹ£춯ء


1481 Űɱ
ʥأ֪٣ħ쾪ز
УʢʥҫĿǿޱȡ
սһûжֻƾǰȥ
ޱȵһսذħ羪Σǿ¡
ʥʵνǿǣһλڵľʱս쾳֪ʥӴսʼȫ·硣
ʮ֮󣬽ʥ濪ʼֳƣʥ֣֮һǿ쳣ĽԻ춯ʮضʼҡ
ȻȻʥ޷Ѷİܾ֣֮󣬽ʥӲ򱬣Ƭɢ죬Ⱦ졣
˵һսգʥսѪʥأ쳣
ɹʥֱһƽ˽أŸһء
رƽ̫֮Уһλλ֮ڸܵľģޱ߿־塣
ˣɱλ֮˰ɣҪȺƴһλ֮ڣɫ
ûᣬĽظȥ
պһзսûãսֹ꣬һλ֮ȾѪء
λ֮սʮرƽ룬˵սꪣ̫졣
̫У¶֮ɫˣܹѱȦΪʳ
صķǰӰ𣬴ӽȥ
ս˺۳֣λ֮ԷѰǿߣϹʱգȦΪʳȻѪ۷壬ΪȴǼΪˡ
ڣֱԴѲǷ壬޸ϵơ
ʱ޸ٶȸ켸֣ŵظȥ
УӿӰŲͣ¡
һõӰ֣Ϣ翣Բ
֣ûκԥֱһƳǰȥ
ȻһֱӱȻӰȴƾʧټ
üʶɨȴҲ֮ܲϢ
ãȷ֮Ѿ뿪Ҳûٶתȥ
ػȥպڵǰ
صˣʵԲԨ֮ͽʥ棬֮ڽ˵صϹ֣ƽ˽ء
ƽغ󣬼ǿҲܵһ˿ƣŵǰһս˿ûˡ
̫Ԩأ̫ǰʶɨǰأɫ΢
һӲˡ
һλ۵ȥֻжʮ꣬һҲµϹ
˫ϥϣһŽϣѹǿᣬ쳣
üͷ壬ߣ
ֽѹԽ֤֮ˣĺѩԽΪߡ
̫Ԩ
̫Ԩ֮֮ʣ˵Ľѹϯ춯ء
̫ǰ̫Ԩ񽣣䡣
֪
ǰǿߣҴ⣬״γ𶯡
̫Ԩ֮ǰеĽ¶΢Цʵһںýɣñ֤Ϊ
һ䣬̫ԨУϯ̫Ԩ֮˻ˮ֮ܣԽΪˮնС
иУɫ΢ѩˮơ
һ̽ΪԳ֪Ӱӹս
˫ӣ쳹̫ԨأУӰϽ֮˲ȡ
һս˰գ̫Ԩض˴սನƽ¡
ɾͽ֮󣬽Ϊվʱۣ֮޵С

֮Уƴݿ࣬ȥ;һУ̫Ԩ֮ǰƿնҫ۽⣬ӷ¶һ˿֮⡣
ڣˡ
̫Ԩ֮أЩ꣬л顣
̫Ԩ񽣸ܵ˵־ϱ
һ̣ǧƿնֱӴ͸̫Ԩ֮֮ȥѸе
ǰӰնӿǰյĽأһ̾
֪պαص
ǰ̫Ԩ񽣣תȥ
̫Ԩ֮ȻҲսˡ
Уλ֮ɫԽأ̫Ԩ֮ʵ̫ǰĴڣҲܸǸˡ
ϣǰУ󷽣ȫƽĵսȻ֪ǧš
ͳ˧ԵĿɲʲôͨ쾳ǿߣʮλףսʵ¡
ǧǰնǧ˿Ʈ裬⻪
ܸһսֻǣڵ̫ˡ
ľĸı䣬ǱĬΪںԣò
ڰأ̴|أش̣ʯͷɫӣΧκ
պһħӰУûκηϻսɽѡ
̴|Уϵĳλ֮Ϊв׶֣ڴˡ
Ȼǿɻǳλ֮Ԥϣҹ£սһֱʱ̴ֱ|شϣλ֮ռϷ硣
ˣ
ڣǰ̴|صĽ֮ܵв̴|֮սѡ
ѵ룬̴|֮⧲Ͳս̳һ浹ơ
գǿն̴|֮ѪȾ̴|ÿһ䡣
ˣʮأʮȥˣֻʣ
뿪̴|أһʱѿһˡ
úû˷ʱ䣬ֱӸһء
̫ǿĽأ̫죡
ΪȻ̫֮ȴƺ
˵У̫֮Ѿʮ꣬Զʱѳɵգ˴˵е
˵Ǽ˿ϧΪ̫֮Ѿܾûгǰ
̫ǰƽ˾Ŵص֪£ѪȾ쳣
һأԨһ˲ϢΪܲѹ
ԪĲ࣬ȻǾԽ̫֮ͣѳԽǿߣµľ硣


1482 ̫
ҹسߣ̫أʮһ֮Ϊһ硣
̫ǰ°׷ӰһǿϢͬˡ
̫̫֮ϢգȻȴǳصϢ
սַ棬ǿޱȵĽѹһնǰ̫ء
ƿգȺƵ˵Ľͻʱƣ֮С
ʱǰӰֵ֣ɽ⡣
ƺ֮ҹλ֮죬֮£ش
赲Ľһشλ֪֮֮¡
̫ۻѹڣ˯Ѿõ̫֮Խǿѹѹ̫춼
һصľ׼ѣ̫ǰиУɫԽء
ʱȣƬ̵飬ֽǰ
籼һٶȣն
⡢ҹλ֮ٵ֮
Ȼһɽˣһҫ۵Ѫ
޿ƥеĽشϼˡ
̫֮δȫѣ⡢ҹλ֮ȫ֣Ҫ̫֮ȡʱ䡣
֪̫УҲΨ̫֮пѹ˴ˡ
̫ǰӰӹǰȥ
һ̣ƿգ֮Ӱ𣬱ܿ˽⣬˲Ϣٶȵǰ
һߣҹĻ£赲֪ǰĲ
Ϊ̫֮ȡʱ䣬λֶ֮£ƾˡ
ڰУɫ΢ʶͿѰλ֮ټ
λĽ֮طס֪ȫΪ̫֮ȡʱ䡣
̫ܵԽǿѹɽֱأȻޱȵĽϯ
֮ػɽݣ
֣֮ưƥֻΪģش٣䡣
ͬʱڰܵѹҲʼ
ڰƣ֮״ǰֳֶУ
ӲܿУֿ̧ס֮ļֱӰȥ
¡һ֮أѪꡣ
Զҹɫ΢䣬׼ٴܡ
ҹ͡
ʱ̫һϵ𣬵Ҫѱ𣿡
ҹԣһͣٶ
սУ֮ƣΣ
ɽתƣֱӳ·֮Ŵȥ
ҹ֮£
ʱս⣬ҹһǹֱ֣ӳǰȥ
̫еڶҹ֮£ʱ꣬־â
ɣܵǹϾ˵òնɱ֮ӽӲҹ֮¡
䣡
ӣâǧ֮ϹţȻ̫еڶ˿ѷ
һ˲֮֮Ӱ黯ٳʱʮ⡣
ȾĽ֮亹ֻɥȪ
ǰҹ̧סɻصĿ⿴ǰ׷ˣɫء
ԭҲֻ
תնɨǰҹ棬
ҹɫ£·ֱֻǰ
˲Ϣ󣬼ҹ֮âҹӰӹɱо֡
䣡
ӣನ𵴣ӽâ̧ץǰ֮
ҹ̤˺벽ܿǰ֮֡
ӣ̴գҹ֪ǿ벽룬ƾ֮Ҫѹǰ֡
ɫ΢䣬̤˲ǰĻᣬ̧ץסһնȥ
᲻սƾٶȵѹƶ֣ԼĶ֣飬Լƣб
н棬ҹ汻ƵǱμ졣
֮æ
սֲҹ濴ս֮
֮ɫ£Ӱӹսֺȴʧ
Ϳʶȫ䱸
һ̣֮Ӱ֣лֱȡġ
׵ĹƣȻʶԲȻ֮ܣֻʶ
нһڷǽʯԻ¾ַ棬Ȼ֮ơ
Ϊұǻ޷𣿡
һ˲֮䣬Ӱʧ֮ǰץסߣħӿ
󷽣ҹ漱ٸҪ֮Χ
ȻһжΪʱ̫
ӽҹ棬һħӿ֮

֮Ѹɢħɡ
ڰλ֮սתնӿǰҹ棬Ӱӳħϯ
ҹɫԽأգٵ
¡Ӱһѹ£ֱӽҹء

ƺҹѪɽۻ¶֧̬֮
䣡
ʱ̫һǰδǿϢ׸գ˲
̧ץҹ棬Ȼһǡ

ҹѪǹ֣֮¡
һ𣿡
һ䣬ɻӹ
ɽһҹһͣ⻪¡
ħӿϯҹ֮նӿǰɫ¡
ʣһҪˡ
̫ϼޣһӰ߳ǿޱȵѹϯʮء
̫֮ףʱ޾䡣
̫ǰգɽ֣ɽƣƼ


1483 ̫֮
̫أ̫֮ҫ۵ϼУһһ߳
һǿϢ˿ѷɫףԼ䣬ΪҪǿһ֡
ǰɡͬɽԻӦԽĴС
ܴˣΪ
˵䣬ϼУ̫֮߳ӢͦΣڷŨܣ֮ˣġ
һ޾µֻ̫֮ѹƬض
ɱ㣬ұ뿪սپɣ
˵һ䣬˫սɽһԽҫۡ
Ը
̫֮Ӧһȭ˲Զɽ壬ʱһڳꪴС
̫ǿ̫ɲǼ䣬һɻޱȵѹ춯ء
˫ǿţ棬Ŀһ˲Ӱӳս
䣡
ꪽӣ𺳾죬ǿĽǿꪣϼм˽
¡¡쳹̫أӰ⡢ꪹⱼڣɽʯ
Ϊ壬һ̫ףһһ꣬붯ݡ
˫սħݱ̫ǿףʵǿļ£Զ֮ͬն
̫ĿѪɫ⣬󺣣򷨲档
񽣵ľ̫죬ɺֳ̫֮첻ܣǿľס
䣡
ʮУս˫ϣѺ۳֣ܵսನ׶ȼ졣
ܴ˲̸գƣ޸ơ
𣿡
̫֮ǰȼĻ棬΢΢ѹִǿ󣬾һˡ

޸ƽ˵һ䣬Ӱӹӽն¡
һʱգֻؼ䣬һƿأն¡
ǰδĽݰִ⣬̫֮˫ꪣһȣӭϡ
¡
ٽ棬ֲӿȣ̫ܵನѸٱ١
ٴν棬̫֮˰벽һΣ
ţ
̫֮üͷ壬ÿµ
ȣ
һȣ̫֮Ԫһǰ֡
ʮ֮⣬ֹסΣ˫ƿն
̫֮ɢ⣬ٶȷƣ̼䣬ϼҫĿХ졣
޿ƥеһƣݿиУɷ˫סɣȫն¡
ħɽʯ̫֮ʱɢ
ನХӰӹ̧סľɣ˫Ȼն¡
ȳɽٴײžһѪɽ̫֮ͬʱȾ졣

ֲ̧̫֮ѪԪһ¡
̣Χ¡¡𶯣һ߷εض𣬲ߡ
ɸ߷ֱգ̫֮ھۣȥ
üһȣһأѹߵľ޷塣
ɲǼ䣬ɸ߷ֹ֮סͣͲǰ
̫֮¶Цһ̤Ӱӳ
նꪹƿնۻԵ˾塣
󷽣̫֮ٳٶһƣ춯ء
УһǿһУɫ΢˫ǰӹӲС

ꪹ⣬ȴ̫֮һѹ¾ɷâƲֹȻӡ֪š
ȻһӰɳɣۼҪ׹¸߷ʱɽһѪɫ˿߷ɳסһʯ
߷ϣ̫֮״Ԫ·ȥ
߷£̤ʯƳ˫֣ƹᡣ
Ϭʮʽ٣
¾ʽ֣ƹݿ࣬ϯ졣
¡һƾನ𵴣Ӱ˫սٶն¡
̫֮Ӳ˫оɽȻ
ʧȥ̫֮׹£ƶٱ䡣
߷ϣһӹ⼲۶¡
ֵһս˲Ϣ䣬߷£ƿնն׹̫֮
֮ŭ
ʱҵķɳУ̫֪֮ʱڸ߷ϣһĳƾ
ǰиУֵ̻
Ȼȴһ
ὣִֵ֮䣬в
Ȼһƣɽϼˡ
˲ħͬʱգ޸ơ
֮
һ̣̫֮ӰӹһƺϮ졣
Σһ˲ؼ䣬᪻䡣
ǿޱȵӦ٣̫֮Ӱ֪ǰ
֮ƣƴݿ࣬ŵ˲䣬̫֮Ӵ紩Ӱһ㡣
ţ
̫֮ɫһ䣬ꪣӦԼɱС
󷽣Ӱ֣ԷɱкâǿƷˡ
䣡
ն䣬Ƴɽ̫֮ꪵУ֮졣
ߣӰ羪һ˫м٣ȫѹǰ̫֮
һʧ㣬ƣ̫֮ȫΣ
ױ䣡
ۻ˫ֱ˻֮˫һ˲񱩵ڶǰ֡
ϯХ죬طѹ£߷ѳм̷ֱ
׹ٵɽУ̫֮֮ɣټ
ϣһֱ̤ӳ֮ڣ˫ն¡
ǣ
һ̶Ľʯ𣬷Уһ£׹ء
һ̣Уϼһƺ𣬵ѪһĨӰɳȻײԶһɽ塣
һĻꪶϣ֪ˣȥ࣬˭ûп淢ʲô


1484 ƽ
̫أƽصǿ̫֮սңƲۻ
Ϊ̫ǿĴڣ̫֮Ϊɲ⣬ȻԽ۷壬޽ӽ˵е
н棬òŤתս֣ն̫ꪣҪսսʱͻ
֮Уϼɣ̫֮ҫĿ¹ƣһȭǿƷˡ
ͻıвֱӺɳȥ
ǧ⣬һɽʯ׷ɣ׹ꡣ
ǰ飬ƣ޸ơ
תۼ䣬˲޸ƣָ
ǰ̫֮һҫĿǿޱȡ
Զħ
˿ڸܵǰ̫֮ϢϢɫ£
дϢ͵֮ͥΪƣͬǰ֮ϢΪǿ
Զħ֮ǿȻħ֮ҲҪѷɫһ
òɫ£Զħ˽⣬ûж٣ǣʣÿһԶħǼΪǿĴڡ

ϣ̫֮ǰˣ
ɽѣ֮
̫֮״һĨɫ
Ƭ̳ţӰ˲ֻȭȡʤ
֪ĽӲκˣȻƴȭƹη塣
֮ս춯أ˹ȭƹȻӡڶԷϡ

ɽȾ죬ǿĶ֣ȫս
սʱԽԽأȻ˲Ͳħ޸ˣȴ޷ڲۻ
̫֮òȥս񣬿ȹŽǿҲѺۡ
֮ԼĽð벽
ϣ˷ֿѺ۵Ƚʯһ̶ܵ˼صĴˡ
ϣתƿ޸δӰٶӳ
ȭŽӣкٶܵѪ
ɽȭƣԶһɽֱӱ飬ֲܣġ
䣡
֪н棬ȭͷͬʱڶԷϣֲԷ塣
Ѫ٣̫֮꣬ͬʱ죬ɢ䣬ħ

һȣƶû޸ֱٶȳȥ
Զϣλߺǧħһ˵ĴսɫԽ𺳡
ͳ˧ʵǿ𾪡
ǧħǰ֮ɫƴ
̫Ͽգ쾳֮սԽңϣѺ۵ȥ쳣
Ⱦˣͬһ㣬һȭһȭڶԷϣѹ˲÷
ѪȾصÿһ˵սȫ£ΨһͷǴܶԷ
أϣڣڽҪͷ
֮УٶȺ͹̫֮Ӧһȭţֱعǡ
̫֮ǣѪɽӼ׹¡
ϣӰ֮ӹٶһȭǰš
Ȼһ촫̫֮أѪ졣
ػֱѳоҲѺۡ
ȻսˣѲƬ̳ɣӰ׹ȫۣҪ̫֮һ
ⲻϣʱϣ̫֮һȭӭϡ
䣡
׵һұۣ۹Ӧ飬ѪȾ¡
·̫֮ͬٶ׹䣬֮С
ϣ亹䣬ұ¡
˲̷ӹЧƣȫ޸شұۡ
ϣ̫֮ǿһƣһ̤
֣̫֮һȭٶȷˡ
ұۣɻδȬѣۺӲС
ǣ
һ̶Ĺֱӷɳɾ޷塣
̫֮ӰӹʯУҪû˽֡
׹
ⲻϣʯУӰֿ̧ס̫֮ļ򣬼ٳ·׹ȥ
䣡
žײӰأ﷽Բɽݣױ١
·׵ľ޿УȾ죬һսʤȻԷ
̫֮ھ޿£Ѻ۵Զʱգ׼Ҳȫµʴ
һԣҲұ۱۹Ǿ飬ҲܴأȻû̫ս
ǿ
̫֮ڣɳƵ
Ҳƣ
ڶʮǰ㲻ǱĶ֣ϧˡ̫֮գ
Ҳɡ
Цٸǧʱ䣬ֵܴضûС
ǡ
̫֮һЦ˲꣬Ը񣬱ϲϧûлύˡ
ʲôŲµ𣿡ƽ
̫֮ĿⰲؿգĬúҡͷûˣ˶ȥκǣҡ
ߺá
ڵ
л
̫֮¶һĨѵ΢Ц֮ǰĶ֣Ǳңδĵ·ܳϣһֱȥ
ġ
ƽ˵һ䣬ӰգԶȥ
̫죬ˡ
֮£̫֮һ䣬ʱʼ⣬ľҲԵֿµϴ
飬Źκˡ
У̫֮һʱʧ
̫ʮص̫֮սˣ̫ʮȫȥ޽ء
̫ܵѹϵĿֲѹɢȥ¶ϲ
лˣ
ʱ֮ϣ£ߵ֪
ϣ޾ۣڵķȥ


1485 
̫죬Ѫսƽнأѹ̫ϵĴɽҲʧ
·ݣл
ϣۣԴԴϣ֪
޾˾ˣиУɫ΢
ڣ󣬾ǳ⣬Ϊ񻷣ҫ۶Ŀ
Զλ߿һĻɫ𾪡

˵ʱ֮ʱ񻷣
ϣܵı仯УݽߵĲԴһ̾ǽգ
ϣ鿴񼣣ɫϣߵݡ
°׷ڣƣҫ쳣
ϣڴսܴ޸Դպ󣬱ٶȿʼɱ䡣
ʧ˵־Ϊתƣлرơ
񳯣̫ƽʮأ֪֮
ڣɽ޾µĲգԴӣǿ塣
֮ԴԴû֪ڣԴ޾ɵ֮ͳ֪֮
֮ɢϢٶɡħϢƣΪһվ졣
񼣣
·鿴ʾ󣬼ѡ
ϣն˫У֣̣֮ȴΪ˫۵ȱݣͣ
ֻһ⽥ȥҲ֮ʧ
Զ֮󣬵һλŷ֮ߣվһ
ˣ˿ɹı䡣
λ߼״¶ɫֻһֻһ
߰ɡ
ϣɫû̫ನ˵һ䣬ǰȥ
󷽣λߺǧϣһ̫ͬȥ
˳쳣ǰ·κ֪벽̫ķҲ赲ˣŴֱ뿪
ѹﵽ̫죬̫첻ͬ죬طδγɣڣҪ졣
Ŵ̫ܿ죬һȥ

·գ˵еĵѽǰͣ½Ųֻ̫Ԩ񽣣ڵ˽㡣
̲ˮ񽣣߲ɿˮΪ
ͷ̫Ԩ񽣡
УҪ
תնӿѾͷɫ
ɫһףӦá
׼𣿡
ͷƽһ죬Ҳеһжı䣬֮У˶޷ٻ磬磬ںڻü
Чˡ
λֱ̬
󷽣ǧ״Чͳ˧
ĬƬ̺󣬿ڵ
һ䣬սԻӿ糱ڡ
̫һսʵԸʤǰһƿǰʱձݡ
¡¡𶯣쳹أϿգ޴Ѻ۳֣𾪸
µ𣿡
һλλܵʵǿϢɫ΢΢¡
һ̣ϣ֪Ϊףǧ죬Ŀ·ޱߵĴأӰ
УĿɫضǺɫڰ䣬˸о䲻
һɫ߷ϣǧ£ʶܣڵʱɡ
䣬̧֣һȥʱ߷εض𣬳ʹ֮ƣɫ߷Χм䡣
Իȥɡ
ɨһǰǧƽ
ǣ
λߡǧӰԻعԼλá
ڵɸ߷ϣնӿǰޱߣֻ쳣ĴأڵӽǱҪٴοʼսˣҲεĵ˻ȴǰΪǿ󡣡
񶼲ԸĴڣ֪µǿߣȻǿҲҪܰĻǶء
һԣǰӿǰڰĴأ㡣
¶΢Цڣá
ԣЦԽãЦͬһ㡣
ǧפʱΧʮλ𶼸ܵвòʱ¶Թһ
շ壬λľΪףͬζԵС
֮˯ħλʵСǲܴ⡣
Ǹ˴ǰȻΪƫһ磬֮䣬һսľǰλ𣬿ڵ
Զħ壬ܵԶ۵ǿϢ΢䡣
ˣʡ鷳ˡ
ȥкߵѾͷڵ
š
ͷӦ
Ƭ̺ħϣӰɳԶշȥ
շϣλиУɫͬʱһ
ˣ
Ȼô죡
ʱħϣͰӰλվٴС
λμ棬֪ˡ
˫ֱȭǰλһ
кμ̣
ľǰһһɫԽ䱸ʵ
˴кѡ
΢ЦԲʮλʵơ
ľ΢иӾ衣
ǰ˸˵ѹȸ̫ǿˣЩǿ߶Ҫ¡
ϣ̧֣֮䣬ŭһǿ쳣ѹ˵·
㣡
ľΪףλɫһ䣬Ҫ̸еһԶ
ɽѹǿλϣǧѹ粽С
¡Ҫʲô
ľɫŤͷ亹
ܼ򵥣
ֻҪǿϳҴƬأգҶһɵĴ硣
λԣɫһ𣬴˾Ҫ졣
ǣ
շϣʵһѹǿɽѳ⾪ʼ١
λϣƤѣѪҲԳµ
ϣûаûУǰԥĨɱ
ĲпᣬѶţûκʴȿԣʤ̭ǿΪ
䣡
ؼ䣬ԽԽˣշڳųֲסµϣӦ١
Ը𣿿ϧˡ
̾գַ档
ԥɽӹһ
ǰ⻮÷ӦʺѪȪ
ߣһأӻָ
֪п磬ʴȾҪá
һأֽ˵£Ϊϡ
ֵأҪ
ɽ¡¡ϵȥ˵
ǻȥ
ǣѾͷ֣գתȥ
ͷɵظһͬ뿪
ħΧ߷ϣλߺǧԶսڡ
ͳ˧ǿӹɣҪͳ˧ĲҪøǿС
ħϣ߻أܵǧǿϵս⣬΢ЦҪżֵܿǳˡ


1486 ս
ħ壬ʮպ󣬴Σ»ʳȥ
ޱߵ죬ħλƫԶĶϱ߽磬ȨɻЩ롣
֪ǿڶ࣬ԣûżؽ磬ѡ׳Լ
ѾµܰĻǺᣬֻǣҲȫȷ
ˣǾ鷳ˡ
»ʳħһλ򣬳ȴλ⣬λŵǧưһ
ûκԥֱɱ»ʳĸء
ս쳣ĥЩǿߣɱ»ʳǿ󣬱ûٳ֡
λ߶λŵսһսһֱһһҹλأƵأ
գλŵ𱻰λӲԳսĥսٱ»ʳÿأĿ
ҵһս󣬰λ̱ڵأÿһ϶شÿμʱȣԪˣλ߹һҲ
ȥǰնӿǰλߣƽ֮У˶˵徳żһֱ޷̤һԭܼ򵥣ǵĥ²ͷܼ˵ǱҲһͷͻ֮ʱȻҲÿһζüȣһֱ޷ͻƣעҪ̭
пĻصؼ䣬λ߳ĬǶף˵Ĳ
գԱ߹սΪĶֲǿгһգ˶޷˭ܰǡ
ʮգ
һǰĬˣ
ǣ
λ߹
صķϣλߺǧʼһս󣬰λԱȫǧȴ˲١
ûżѡǧˣȫǱ׵ߣţսĥºгһնȻһˡ
еǰᣬǧҪܹȥ
ţϣ
ԣվ̫ԨȾѪûлͷ֮·
ԼѡΪ׷ĲԸ˫մѪ
˰ģֽסѾͷ֣ů
п磬ʴȣֻǶ࣬Ȼ
ʮպǰУһȥ
սħ忪ʼ𽥷ٱϽս׳Լʵ
һ⾰תۼһʱ䣬λУ̤Ҫһû뵽ǣһλŵĴ߾ȻһλһֱõŮӡ
Ůϣһ̺ۺƻԭеȥ
ŮΪãڰλвۣһ쾳˵ϣ
ˡ
οЦ
һԣЦڿʧһΡ
ɽ֮߻أΨһĵӿǰ׷ˣһ
ˡ
ò
ͷӽǵͳ졣
лˡ̬
㣬Ҿ֪һ̤쾳ġһԣڣ
¶Цݣİ̺ۿȥΪˣƽʱҪȰóܶ࣬ʣò˶ãȻҲ쾳
л㼪ԡȻһЦ˵
ͻ쾳ʱϱ߽Ĵ󶯾˰һע⡣
һֹ֣ȻеĴڣȴʵĲ
Ĳ֮󣬴˵еȻʱѴڵĿֲ˵һˣ벹죬ԣ˲֮
޾һֱ춫ϽԵİܺڡ
ڣһ޴УƣһģӰݡ
죬ȥƽˣôãҲƽˡڣһϵ𣬻ص
ǣ
Уһλǿ쳣Ӱ߳ŶϷȥ
췽뿪ڣһŮӵ𣬲һңΪҪԳ֣Ƿ̫Сˣ
ʨӲȫᲹܳ䣬ΪСκζ֡ڣϵٴ𣬵
Ͻһʱ䣬ʮｮǧͻʵ䲻쾳ǰ˹עȴҲһ¡
ǧսɣ໤ȴҲ޷ȫÿһˡ
˸еʱ䣬Ƕݣ򵥵һǰС
ޱߵĶϽϣһܼսƿնǿޱȵϢԶĽ䱸
պǧһɽսһֱҹգɽƽսݡ
պŴɽȥ
뿪ãϣһӰԵϢѹ·ؾҡ
һ˷塣


1487 
죬ϽսĽ
̶һ꣬սٱʮ﷽ԲõԴȫλߺǧߵʵϣڳгЧ
쾳ǧҲв̤ʵս
ΪĥĴŰλߺǧ߲սѹ
˵Ǳ޾Ƶޣпܱǧ·Ȼ֪ÿ˵·һǣûʱЩɳ
Ψ˵İ취ܱƳ˵ĽҪһ֧սĴҪ̫࣬ǧɡ
һɽϣλߺǧɽΣɽϵ
ϣնӿǰսɫûκβ
ǧΪףϽߺˣǡ
ҹɽڱ£ɽϵǿȫսһ
п淨£ƺҲ͸
ǿߣߵأȫʬ
ǧսȻսɣȻۣȴҲûа취
սվҪǧȻеٮٮߣǣʵ쾳޷ƿԼˡ
ֻаǾɳֱÿ˶ܶһ档
ҹ£¾֮ˣս󣬰λҲһս硣
ֽսĴһggɫ֮Ĺ
ԣǰĹŰˡ
һͬӣÿ˶İΪѣͻȻȥ˲ܡ
¡
ʱϣƻۣڱ££䡣
УΪףΪС
˸еϢɽϣһҹȥսҪʱҲͣ
ɽϣǧٶȶһĿȥ
սǰ߰׷ˣֻʣǧˡ
ĬƬ̺󣬿ڵ֪һֲ
󷽣ǰ̸һ̾
վߵһ
ǶǴԶڴˣ˴˼䶼ԵУܣǲԸǿߡ
ֻǣվʵ
սԽԽпᣬ֮䣬϶ԽԽ࣬ٲֻ˸ࡣ
½ˡ
ڣƽһ뿪ԲΪ룬
ǣ
Ӱţʾȥ
ʣıǰУսһɽɡ
ʮպŴٴιһɽӶԴ󣬱ʱȥ
ϽսѸ٣ΪӶ㹻Դʹѽ֮ؽ
սƵ죬˵ƶ£սԶϽΪģѸӣ˫Ŀ̡
ʮºŴϻأƺƵ쳣
ϣǧ֮ڵ֮ʦ׳쳣û˵ʲôս
ȻһսһλϹֵɽϣǣס˾ԮˣһǰδеĲҴսλսʮˣǧ֮ʦ𾡰롣
ȾѪɽѪ죬նɱλϹֺ󣬿նӿ·״˫ֽ߬
ҵһս󣬲İλһɹ̤쾳
ɽϣǰصĲʹɫ
У󲿷ֶߣڣȴǴž֮ʦࡣ
ѱɽһ̾ʧ֮ɫ
û𣿡ʵ
ûСҡͷ
Ů˵ݣȻ죬ҲֻǴ˵еĶʱ䣬˲֪ɽɣȴûеõκϢ
һԣĬƬ̺󣬿ڵҵġ
ͷ¶΢Ц˽췭һ飬ǻʱ䡣
šʹͷ
תնӿǰЩ˻̫ˣܷſ֣ɳܶһʱϵĵӱˡ
ɽϵ񵤴ҩһûȫָ˰λߺͻߣȻ󣬴ŴǰС
뿪ãϣһԵϢ֣ǰȥˣɫ
Ǹ׷˷ǱѰûбʤİա
Уǳһλ˳ڵǿߣʵϡ
ΡĴڣƣһõӰݡ
컹ûг𣿡Уϵʵ
ûСһŮӿڣش
֣Ϊλ֣𣬲ɣ쳣
У˳Ĭ˭֪ԭ
ٵȵȰɣڵȴʵʱڣϵٴƽ
ͬʱϽŴսһһɽɣĥ´ͬʱȫѰݵ䡣
תۼ䣬ͷȥ˰ｮԴԴϣνıǿ׳
ڣｮУʶ֪ǿ
ˣʼվȽŸ
꣬ڵõϢսٶȼ
ʱ䣬ߣȻλȻŵϴǰʵķԾ
﷽Բսÿһɽ˸Ҳӡ
ǲ֪ս˵ֻ֪ǵĴ֮Ϊͳ˧ߣ
꣬ĬĬһ֮ʦʼԼ
ͷ赲ĵڣһ׵罻ӵҹɹ٣̤쾳
һҹƣ¶ǰδеЦݣ·Լ֤Ҫˡ
ѵõģΪֹս£ôͣϢ
ͷµĴѲʮ򣬵ǣ֮ʦֻǧһɲ䡣
ս֮ʦս򣬲ˡ
ˣǰǾĵؽˡ
ޱߴϣǰˣѵ
ǶϽ˲ǿɽϽ˸С
նעǰãڵ󣬳
ǣ
գɫٶȳս
ϣ쿴ǰƺƵĴӰʧ
󣬲Уۣ֣
ڣһǿӰˣ¶⡣
죬𣿡֮ϣʵ
ûСҡͷƽûг֡
ΪΣɫ£ʵ
Ტûаʤʵʵ˵
Ц
Уһɣսˣ죬ζԵս֮
ЦǰգԼ֣֮塣

ϣ죬񡣡
Ϣơ
ʵȻûаգĲС
ڴ

ƽգΪᱣ֤


1488 
죬ħΪʼʴս£°ｮ
죬غԴѷΨսӶ㹻Դ
ʱ䣬µĴѲʮλսλ߸˽ӽ𾳽磬ʵǿ쳣
꣬ǰǧߣֻʣ²һ룬Ȼһߣ㹻񵤺ʹҩ֧£ȫͻƵ˻ʵ硣
ڼ䣬ɹ𾳣Ա֮
ǿ׳֮ʣʴʽ϶Ͻڶʵ
ϣս¡¡谵գϣ鿴Ͽգɫ𺳡
Ĵֳˣ
ϣǿ¶ɽǿߵĹȣǿ߱ϣһС
սǰ°׷ӰһϢʮء
ǿˣʱ䣬սɽɣδĶ֡
ǿ׵ǿȻһ죬Ըϣԭֻһûбʤİա
󣬰λ߿ǰˣϿڡ
ǵĺǵˡ
ʮɽɽоأÿһɽ϶ǿǿ򣬾һ˲֪µϹ֣֮ڶϽƾ̡
λˡ
֮ϣһλλǿ߸ܵԶǿϢɫ£
ӭУ
һϣڣ
һ£ϣһӰӳǧټǣΪף𼶵ǿߴ죬ٳǰȥ
պޱߴϣսһ
ս˲пᣬԱԽλǿΧȴ࣬ǿѹλ֡
λΪף𣬳սļ쳣
սһֱһһҹճֵ䣬ı״ϣѪÿһأʬǱҰп
λǿߣչֳΪµսһ֣ѹˡ
µλҲߣϾ˿ѷɫ
գλǿߵֵ֣Ĵսбܣòˡ
׷ɱľ˹룬ʧ쳣
ҰܣսûôΧÿһɽɣ˶Ĭ
Ͻÿ˶֪Ĵ֮ǿ󣬱ΪĴڣס֮ˣ㲻ѶԸ
ȻȻ˭ףǣȴûܹ
Ϊ˵λ󷨡սıƣõİ취ˣȴûκɽܵλĲ
ԵʵǰһıԵ˲һ
һϣһϮ׳۵ľĿԶɫ쳣
λ̫ǿˣܹˣ
һζԼʵɡ
ϣ׷ɱʱͣޡ
ԭϢҰ֮ϣ谵ĺҹ
ǰһƬҰ޵ëƤ˽ϵѪսɽϣɷԽŨѿΪʵʡ
һԣغϴŵЦݣɱϢŨľУΪΨһһů
ʱ䣬ҹ飬˱˴ˣѸϤҪһһ׶Է롣
Զ𣿡նӿԶʵ
Զˡ
ҡͷĿ⿴ǰ壬͵ˡ
ͷ¾ǱֹսһЩӡ
š
¶Ц⣬Ӧ
ҹһҹ󣬴ٶ̤;
ս¡¡ʣǰС
յ·̣ɽɱȻվֻͽ͡
ϣսÿһɽ˿衣
ڣպ˾ɽԭפȴ֮
ûżɽǴŰɽȥ
ɽϣƣļ紺ƶأԵ˵
Űɽ䣬ѵһľɫľѵƽ
Ҫһֱͺˡ
ġ
ɫᶨһġ
¶Цݣҵ㡣
΢ЦѾͷɽȥ
ɽһϣĿ⿴ɽŮɫ¡
ǸԼ
峿һʱɽϣŰĿ⿴ǰ¶΢Цμ棬һᡣ
ǰͲ±ɱڴ𣿡
ЦȻұ㹻İܹŻȥ
Ϊʲô
͡΢Ц
ЦһĿ⿴ɽµʮ͵𣿡
չ͡
ҶЩ֮ˣֱӿżɽɡ
˵ңԶĶȻųƶϽڶţƬĽϣѷɫھĴл࣬ǿȴҲҪɫ£𣿡
㾿Ҫ˵ʲô
֣ȻϽ򡣡ûٹĨǣ˵
𣬵ô֣
һЦҪս죬Ͻ򡣡
ñ֮¡
ߵɽǰնעԶڵڲҲ֮𣿶ҪֻǷ֮飬֮Իڣֻ㻹üֵˡ
ԣɫԽЩ£ʵһ£˵һ¡
ԿǿǣҲż
΢ЦʵһҪʡ
˵Цʧʵ֪ݣ
ݡ
ɫһ˼ʲô
˵꣬Ŀע⵽ǰ˿նӣʲô
֪ݵ䣿ɫ΢ʵ
֪ǣƾʲôҪ㣿
˵ġ
䣬Ӱ˲ٶȣʱ䶼š
ɫһˣͬʱԪǰ
𣡡
̧֣ڣԪۣǿޱȵһƣȻӡھ˫ϡ
ƾֻ˫һ飬Ӳɳɣ¶ٵأǿֹסΡ

ʮ⣬ͣΣ˫˻ԪƣԪƿա
ǿޱȵĹƣŭף羪ΣѽľչΪ
ȻȣռȻַ˵Ļᡣ
гһ̣ذӰӹһĳԪӿȻǰš

ƺ𣬾ӰɳʮɣȻǿΪҪȴҲˡ
ռȣԪƾصӣ׼ٶȷѣڴʱԶĵӰƿնΪȫֵһС
ȻƾλȾ졣


1489 
ɽ֪ͻȻѣ׼ȴ⧲н棬ȫ汻ѹơ
Σһ̣λһУ֪ƾ
ǿޱȵһƣλ»ܴ˳Ⱦ졣
ֻֽ棬֪ǿԣ𾪣ǰǱȴ˵лҪǿ
ԵٶȣԵΪսĹ
ɽϣһ˾ǰλԴɫǳء
Ƭ̣¶΢Цսʮʱ䣬һҵĽ顣
˵꣬ûٶתɽȥ
󷽣һˣ΢Ц⣬תϡ
ɽϣλɫصؿȥˣûг
λ̫ǿˣȴ˵лҪǿ˵ⶫϽ򣬳˲⣬Ҳס䲽
ɽ£Ϊףλȴ˹
ɽǰŰλǰ
ȴʮգʮպ̹ɽ΢Ц
ǣ
λɫһ𣬹Ӧ
ɽɽ£Ͼۼޱȵѹ˴Ҵ
սĽȣ˶ڽŵȴĽ
ΧһɽϣһĿ⿴žɫͬʮء
ô̫ˣ̶ʱ䣬㼸赲
ܣʽһ𾪶ϽĴζһʵ
ʮգϴسŵûйɽȻɽϣȴԽء
սɲ˭ܿλѾ赲һսʤ㲻һɡ
ĴȻΪ壬ǣλ̫ǿˡ
һԵǿߣԸıһսƣλûʤĿܡ
ߣһֱغΪǿ춼Ϊ֮𾪡
ʮգתѹʮһգն֮ʣɽϣɻûκζ
Ҳûٶȣǰȥ
󷽣λҲȫ룬һԪӿǿ쳣
ɽ
ƽ˵һ䣬Ӱգֽһնǰһ塣
ϣһ˵Ľƿնݺɣġ
䣡
Ƭ̺󣬽ײɽһ֮
ɽΧֻ赲Ƭ̱ܽƿ
ƿգƿգȻնɽ֮ϡ
ֻɽϣʯ׷ɣһ屻նϣ޷٣ס
׹ʯУӰ֣ǿˣͬλǰȥ赲֪
ϣλ·Уǿľ۷壬봫˵еȻԶ
м䣬ֽ°׷ԡ
޶ԣãԪԪȺƵԴĴԪ֮
һλɡħ֮ˣٶȡ˫ս
Χֳɽһ壬ǿʵɡ
䣡
ꪽӣŶֱбָٶȵһλ»еĵϡ
ǣ
΢𣬼ţȻڳ֮˽ԷǷ
λɫһ䣬ʩΪԪҪ޸ϵѺۡ
ֻǣһ
һ˲֮䣬Ӱָ棬â
УܵѺԽԽ࣬Ƭ̺Ȼѡ

𵴣ྡྷɢλ»ƺߣȾ졣
ͬһʱ䣬󷽣ն䣬ɫꪣ̩ɽ
֣ɽӭϣꪹơ
ǧΪǧѧʶһսǰδеľ磬֮޾ࡣ
Ȼһ˫һ飬˳˫֣ڱѣѪɽ
ͷƣͬʱ·ϣλɽսּ쳣
ǿλֱǣƣһΪ׵λѹ࣬һһɷ壬Ѫɺӡ
սĲпᣬڱʬչ֣һս֪Ӣǡ
Ͻɽҹעһսʮֽš
ͿǷܵסλˡ
Դͬʱڣ뵳һλλͷͬڹעһս
Ŀ֪ǿ󣬴ǰļϹڱ졣
ǿǿ˼ɵУĻĻڣӳžϿյĴս
λΧм䣬°׷Ӵݲƣһ֣ڲ֮ء
׵սκ㣬ٶȡ䶥壬Ȼǿ߱Уټµǿߡ
˵ʵѼΪӽˣǿ
ϣڣƽ
һ䣬˽Ծôǿ
Ϊֻͣŵգ̤սʵ
ƵУһλͷڣ
ȷʵˡ
Ӳ
ڣһλͷڣûȫӦ콫ɱ
죡
ڣһɣ𣬵֣Σ
ûʤİա쵭Ӧ
սս
һϵŭΪѹӣΪξս
ɨһλ쳤ϣ˵аգǿԼȥ
ϣü죬񡣡
ջĿ⣬ٶԡ
ɨ·ˣڵ˭Ըս
ڣ˳Ĭһʱ侹Ӧ
ԡ½ˣ֮ڣλۡɫ£ڵ
Уǰλ쳤ɫһǰ
Цһδ
λʵȻܽҹ֣ҲҪһƤ
ڲжʱɽϣҵһսͷ
λȫ˲ˣų֣ޡ
ս֣ǿѹλͷǿս˰ƾԡ
սãԸȥӽˣὣǰա

֣ưޱȣǧƿն£նˡ
λֵУһȾ졣
˷ɳӰδͣ󷽣Ӱֵ̧֣ˡ
ǰˡ
ڣһλᣬ
һɫ£վǰˡ
·ĸɽϣսƮ裬ϴ졣
Ѷս֣һ˿תĻᣬλĬĬϥ
ݼ
˸ףžװӽ֮޾ɽ
ͷɫƽպǻΪյľңƬ磬ֻоɽֻǲ׺һڣǵ˫ۣӦñǰľޡ
˳ĬһԲ
תնӿԶ磬ŰڣҪһͳ˫ս졣


1490 ˣ
죬Ͻ򣬾սܣ¡
ĿһٶţԴˣռݶϽɵؽ磬Ϊ۰һ
һʱ䣬Ͻ֮ϵµգȫ֪Ͻһλۣʶľǿߡ
ɽ󣬸λȫ½ƣǲΣһֶΰˡ
䣬ûоԿεˣѲֹԼһˣܸ¡
ߣе˶û˵ʲôΪֽͬơ
ķֻһ֪ѣζ
һֱֳĬϲǣ֪ǱزٵĹ̡
Ҳгһգһͳ̫ƽȳܰĻǡ
̫̾ˡ
ףԴѡıһ·
ڽɼǧߵΡ
ɽϣǰǧɫԽȻ
꣬ǴĴѾĹ룬ҲٹһЩ꣬ЩҲûмܹŻȥ
սΪʲô
ƽ
Уãݴأٵ죬죬սԶûֹʲô
ôˣ
һԣתնӿѾͷ΢Ц𣿡
е㡣
ͷЩ̫꣬ˣĸԸ׷棬ǣôȥվкܲ
ÿ׷ĶͬеϲȨƣеϲǮеϲ
ǰǰãأڵЩߣƵĮʵκ˶Ҫ̰Ϊп飬ֻܲᣬֲֿܵĸо
˵ָ֣Զƽ㿴ƶĴأʲôȨƣ𣿡
Ĭ֪ôش
á
֮ҪֻΪնѣ׷ܶʱֻҪԼһĿˣԼж衣
Ҫʲô
ɫøӣǴ죬ȳܰĻǺȥ
һЦҪƽƽ
ǧԺѲ̫ңԶ飬û塣
ҪľǣʣǧУҪꡣ
ʱ䲻ץʱ䡣

ʱ󷽣ǰ
˵ɣ
žնӼԶʵ
֪бһꡣ
ϽҲΨǲӵ
ͷɫû̫ྪȣѾµˡ
ֻڵʵ޷Ȼ
Ҫ벹棬Ҫʱ䡣
ʮպ󣬴ϣžɽĴʼҸԵȨҪľȫ𼶱ս𣿡תɫĮ
ǣ
ɫһ
ΪλżϽǶɵʱɻԿǡ
ûнͣعӿŶɫԽء
ѵȵ̫ã֪ܰĻǻܳųֶãĲ
󣬰һ̾ңûܹ⡣
ʮʱ䣬תۼţɽϣ뿪λȫ뿪ɽɡ
˼ľٶ𾪣ҳɣ̽ϡ
սϸˣգ˫ܾˣʧΪء
ڰպһҹ꽻£һĨ°׷Ӱʮɽ˵ĴӪ
ɱɱ°׷ħֳ׽һʮɽˡ
յսʮɽλȻΪƣأҲٴˣͻһɱ񣬼û̫໹֮
һҹʮλսаλѪ˳ɽ£Ⱦÿһء
ǰĺڰ裬վڴ£ˮѪˮʪһ¡
ʱΧͻȻð
ϣѪ˳ɽ䣬Ⱦˮ
ڶְҹֲָ˿κι
Ȼںڰϰߡ
ôãɡڣɫĮ
ֶΡ
ϣһӰ֣գΪףλǿĹŷ߳ǲͷԺͰ
󣿡
ʶɨˣƽ
ڶϽܳ˶ǿߵֻвһ
֪»־ܣƤ֮ࡣ߳Ŀ⿴·׷ˣ
ôãв˵Ļûκ⣬ǲҶˡ
̧ͷˮϣ˱䣬ֱ͸ġ
ȻҪսǱսɡ
һ𣬽ɽϵˮɢָ̧Ͽˣƽһɡ
Сɱ
ɫһһ̤Ӱ籼ӳ
ȻһȭʯӰ˲·ȭͷϣɫ⻪ƣһȭ俪ҹס
۷ĴڣѿԳΪһףԳ֣顣
ͬΪ۷壬ЩһԶˡ
˵һ䣬ȻһԹơ
ЩһԾԵʵѹһӣɼ¡
ǿ߽棬쾪ضϣûκԥͬʱˡ
Уҹ趯ľ飬ڰʺ
Ӱܿɱָ¶С
̴գ糤Ҳܴǿ
ָ𵴶УָͷΪƣƽУǿˡ
ʮ⣬ԡλͷǰǰˣɫ¡
ֻһУǱܸܵλǿ󣬴Բ飬˵ʵʵ¡
˻һۣͷӰͬʱʧ
йȭǧһһһһĬ޼ϣް
䣡
ӰƵȭֻӽУٶѷɫ
һУӰٶȽ棬෴λã
һһңӰСȭɱ顣
¶ЦӰ黯ʧ
ɫһ𣬴㵵˲䣬ӰһնѪӿ
ԣ
һǰԣӰӳ⡣
˵ľԺ󱳣Ѫˮ䣬Ƕѣشһ
׵ľƣû֪ʲôһĬˣֻУ㱻˻
֮
⣬ɽأʱǧԴ֮ƿննˡ
ɫٶһ䣬شнУתۺȼ졣
Ƭ̵ƣӰٶֿ̧סʺȻ˵ϡ
صһɣպڴϣܵ޴ĳ

УѪɽڸܴȫλ
Ĵ꣬ϳˢŴأѪˮ˳ˮ䣬ȾΧء
ˣ
նӿźҹ૵


1491 ս
ҹ̹ǣ£ʬǣÿһλǿߡ
ʮɽʮλȫڴˣϣλֿ·а׷Ӱ¶Ȼ
̧ͷ˫ˣ˲ϢӰӹʡ
ɱɱϣɱλУÿһλӽϽԴһʻ
֪ú޸飬罣һ㣬·ֻ֪ɱ¾
̶ʮϢĹϣһӰ׹ɽ֮ϡ
ѪɢˢɾѪȵһҹ˵սľ
սҪʱսɽ޻ڣȫɱ
λľͷȥһɽ
ɽǰǰӭӣǰһѪ¶ɫ
ʣµĽˡ
˵һ䣬ȥ
ŴɽɽϵĲ״϶⡣
ɽҰĲкȥŻĸǿһҹ֮ȫɱɾʬɽ
ʰˡ
Ȼع
ǣ
󷽣ڽʼʰо֡
Щǲˡ
һλ»֮ɫ£ѵ
ĿƹŵϵһЩʬףĬƬ̣ڵһ˰ɡ
µǲǲѾҪλͲʽϡ
ɽϴפǧǧ򣬳쳣
ʱϣӰ߳һ죬ǵ˵Ѫ
Уˣ
ɽϣȺ򣬴ƽ¶һĨ΢Ц
ǰֽǰϵѪȥЦмûп־壬Ҳûеֻᡣ
ѡѪ
Ҳ¶ЦݣûһѪŵڵϣЦջץĳϡ
ҵˣôϲ󣬻᲻̫ˣ
ˣҲûа취
΢Ц취ʳݵ䡣
ǣ
󷽣ǰˣתȥ
һŮЩ飬᲻̫ˡ¶̣ڵ
ЦЦֻ㽫һŮӣֶΣǱӶҪ¡
ԣɫ΢΢һ
ɽ£һܲĺУҽ־˲
һһҹʱ䣬Уҽʼû󷨣κ
һһҹ󣬺δ¡¡߳˫Ѫϵ䣬ȥͷƤ顣
ǰͰȴʱ
ǰˣɫһѸٻع˫ֲصƣȥѪ
Σʳ𣿡ڣ΢Ц
ʳˡ
ͷڲĻУֻǣ˵䱸ΪɭϣŽӽǿ򣬺ѵ֡
ף֪ã֣ܲܵҪ֪
ȥϢɣ󣬼ڵ
ǣ
Ӧ뿪
ȺƬ̡
뿪עǰΣ˵һ䣬С
δ¡¡رգȥһѪȺ
ԼôһӺ߳΢Ц߰ɡ
ͷʲôҲûʡ
ͬʱ󣬾޴УеɫһĿ⿴Ϸ
ԺͰˣ
ϣɫҲ£ԺͰʵҲλ
ٷȥʱʽλսˡУһλŮӿڣɫ
С
Աߣһλֱӷ񶨣Ჹݵλֲսñ˿Ц
ռݶϽɽҲǲƹǲϺͿˡŮ
㣡ƹɫһ䣬ɫࡣ
Уλͷû˵˼Ļ
ʣλѾв棬˾һһ㣬ͣţ̶̲ʱ䣬Ѿ˶Ͻɽ
ϣ˼Ƭ̺ڵ졢ͽʮУ赲λ
ڣ
ɽѩƮ㣬轣ѩУ
ԶնӾؿǰѾͷϾᡣ

ʱ󷽣첽ˡ
ԣͷ΢Ц֪ˣȥɡ
üͷ壬Ŀ⿴ѩİûж˵ʲôתȥ
ҲΨڰǰʱϲŻЦݡ
ʱӰͣ£ɫ΢죬бǰȻЦÿ𣿡
ÿЦ
Ҳǰǰߵ֣
Ҳ轣¶Ц
ƭң㽣ô϶ᡣѵýһΣĵ
ֲǰѾͷѩһѩ档
Ŀɽϣ죬轣¡
նɽϣѩɢͣ£вأʱƱ䡣

һ£ʮΣƺƵŶʻȥ
ɽ֮ϣХ죬ǰУǰ
ʮͬʱΪףʮλͬȥ
ϽһɽиУ¶𾪡
λĴڣòҲܵв
ºԭϣʽսɱնȾ˺ɫ
졢ͽλǿִս֪ಹֶһ𣬴սʼȡ
ʱ䣬£ֵ˿ѷɫκȻͲҲһ
ǿΪ磬ǳǿߣ֣ڶϽǿߡ
һν棬սճ䣬λӽĸ֣˿·磬˵սȻһս춼𾪡
֮ʱӽǰλǿߣԪһơ
ȺƵԪưޱȣӲһƣ¸
·սѹ˲죬λͷɫһ˱
ˣϣֹ̧֣˴׷ϣԭ
ԭפһҴս˫ʧСһһλ
ͬʱսʮɽʮԮս
ʮɽߣٴαѴﵽʮλ֮ࡣ
ʦƽѹ֣ǰ졢ͽλ𶼸ܵ˲ѰѹĿ⿴űɫ¶ء
鷳ˣ
ȥԮ
쿴Ůӣ
ס
ͷӣһˣȥ
ϣӰӶƬ̵顣
⣬ŤһĨ°׷Ӱ߳ϴ΢Цܾˡ
ǰ׷ӣһ䣬ɫ¡
ɣ


1492 һ
ԭ֪·ûκηϻֱӳ־ɱ
ʧȥͽֻеһ˵Σ֣Ȼսȫ౻Ǳ
ʮн棬ϣȾ죬޼᲻ݵɽ֮ǰԵ˴
ʮ⣬һԡѪϸ˫ϸǲϵѪ쳣
ȣ
ǰüһһȣѪԪ죬ơ
һо֣ʵɲתԪȼһѪ弫ʱڣǳƣ봫˵е
ʱնʼŤԳ⾪˵
գڴˡ
׼ϧȾһѪԪݻǿѪȼգޣġ
ǰܵɫƽ˿
˲Ϣɫ⻪ӹǿޱȵһƣȻĳ
ӽأӲС
˳ӿ춯ء
ɽüͷ壬һƣ˳ȥ
ܣٶһƣӲ
˫ƽ棬ֲӰս
Ѫеһѹǿ𾪣ѹΧط򶼿ʼ
֮ףֹסΣһ̤ٶӳ
Ѫ棬һȭգչΪͶ㣬ء
üӰâ⣬һӹڶ
֣Ѫֱɢ˱Ľ
֮򶼿ԻȥȻǿᣬǣ֮ӻ
һռţӰһӳȼյѪΪѪڣҫ۴Ŀ
ӽӭУֱ̧ӵ½棬¡¡쳹Ұ
£
һȣһϢٶǰˡ
ʮ⣬Ӱͣ£ƽͬУħϢΪϯ
һһƣٶȵС
ԽǿϢ̤ܿУһնǿƻС
ֻ𣿡
ѪԪӿΪϣɽ档
ɽ裬ն΢΢֮ŷͬһ㡣
̧֣ħԪۣһȭȻ󱳡
ѪԪ赲һȣħԪصӣʮƣ˲䱬
¡һѪԪӦ٣һȭ󱳣һ޵Ѫ
ս䣬ʮƣֱƿĻϡ
ʮ⣬סΣ֮ɫ
󷽣Ӱӹ
Ѫ𣬵С
䣡
ɽصӣһȣսʮٴƿѪ赲

һƺߣһ壬ӷɳɣȾ졣
תֱµս֣ȫƣڽڰˡ
ȣ
תٴһȣѪԪǧ˿裬ѪΪѪ棬󺣡
նӿǰȾԴûκϧ֮ɫ
ԴˣΨնɱκκ󻼡
һµɣ
ѪУ¶֮ɫ̤ǰȥ
ٶȣһ˲䣬ؽޣ١
죬ţܿ
ֿס˫磬ѪɫǳԶɽײȥ
޵Ѫɫǣգ¡
һʱ䣬Ͻ򣬸ǿĿ⿴ʣ¶𺳡
ÿµϢ
䣡
Ŀͨϣ׹䣬ֱײɽ塣
¡¡𣬷Բǧɽݣĩ֮
Ϣ󣬱ͨΧѺۣĿꡣ

ԭϣŶ֮ɫ
µġ
ǰڣɫᶨ
λûɣô׳¡
ǰ;ͽҲ¶ɫղǹϢ
ڣһõӰףĿ⿴ɫһ
սˣ
գԭ⣬챱Ĵ·ʦսƮ裬ա
ǰ;ͽǰʦɫ¡
ٵˣڣ̷ͽڣ

ͷԥ
̫ˣ
ʱϣһ°׷Ӱǿޱȵѹ˷
ǰȺһҹİϵİ׷Ӱ¶һĨõЦݡ
ˣ


1493 Ϲа
ԭ£ͱʦʮۣ裬ˮա
սϣӰʱϻء
ǿĽѹХڣ֪֮Խˡ
ɱ
ϣڣɫĮ
һ£ӿʮ羪ӿɱǰ
սʮɱʱѪȾ졣
Ƚս;ͽλӽǿߣһΣսӼҡ
УɽɷԼһĨɫѪ
ɱ¾̫࣬ɽâȾѪɫ
ͽУ޴ľƺ«ӿˮ趯䣬ء
һߣճꪣս֪
Բһ񽫣ļΪţꪽ棬ȫء
ͬ賤ꪣĿ֮λǿߣӰϽʮز顣
ˮ
ս⣬ͽԪƺ«УˮӿΪ޴ˮսе֪
ûᣬһꪣͬʱԪԪӿϢֱӱƿնˮ
ˮ⣬ƣӰ˲ͽǰȭֱӺš
ͽɫһ⡣
¡һһȭھƺ«ϣ޴һɽ׹¡
֮£ƺ«ײھͽţһ޵Ѫ
ǿѵͽܴӰ׹ء
̤Ӱӳһϣһȭٶһȭ׹ľͽϡ

ƺ𣬾ͽѪɽȴǲʹͣ¡
ϣӽȻºɱĳꪡ
죬Ȳ
˵һ䣬ս֡
˵꣬ٶһ̤ǣʡ
֮ϣͽδߵ㣬
Ȼһƣֱھͽţֻع𣬾ͽһҺȻ֮ϡ
˵ľ󣬴ϣѺݺύͽأȾ졣
ͽ
ǰ¶𾪵
ͽʵİ׷Ӱδü˵仰ŴѪȪӿ˫ۡ
ᣬģİ
Ļͽ£Ԫ壬ȥһ
ͽսսּת£ϣӰ£ɽն䡣
ꪣȻһɽ
ѹ£˫أ졣
һ񽫣ˣ
˵һ䣬ɽħԪӿ񱩶ֳء
˼
תأһȣʱƱ䣬Х졣
˵սеǰδϱֱ졣
ţ
ʮ⣬ܵǰϢı仯΢΢
ǲսò
ʮ⣬ӿУһϹа֣ò仯аģаӿ˲
а𣿡
һ䣬ʥ棬󺣡
ʥķӿȣа֣У˲ϢӰӳ
ǰӿаУն䣬аԻˡ
䣡
ꪽ棬桢аԪʥаˣײѷ¡
ս鴫ΪаΪʡ
ߣϢϳգֱӾйԶһɽ壬а
𣡡
аն£ɽ
ԭǻ󣡡
Цһ̤ա
ױ䣡
ɽգɾ֮ף˫ֲϽӡ֮᪻ɽ֮С
Ƭ̺սӰЯ׹֮նа
׻֮ܣգа˻¶־塣
̧ͷһ̤𣬻ӭС
䣡
ٽطңа֣УԻһն
⧲һһ¶֮ɫ
ڣͷ­Ѫӿա
սϢҪ뿪ͻȻһ˵ȭӡţס
Уһƺߣ˳ʮɣ졣
˵һĻģǰս죬ȴǲаӿѹǰΪ¡
ʮ⣬ֲ̧Ѫɫ¡
ͷ˻һ
ǰаӰ֪ʱѾʧ׸ڣֿ񱩵аԪƲ
ԸӣӰӳ˫磬նǰ졣
а壬켸ѳɲꪴ֮ս֪ս
һԣصͷ­лŲʣµΨԹ
Уаӵ´ϣҵսѷʤ
аǿ󣬸ڣȻһܴ಻¡
ϣǰ͵ϮһƣȻڲ޸ǣаһʱԷȫս
ȭꪽӣսַֿͬʱ˳ɣסΡ
·¶ʮˮһ岹ıչǿΪɱأ֮
һһҹĹ򣬲Ĵȫǧ⣬ⲻײ֮սһҹɻδֳʤ
ԭѼ˴ϣΧɽҲ˵Ĵսлȥɽ䣬
аǿ֪ͬˣԲа಻·磬ŴսУʼѹа
䣡
սȣӽꪣһȭǰаɳȥ
⣬аأѪɽ˲ϢѪٶȻعС
֮ûκϣüͷ壬ӰӹϷâԽˡ
䣡
аꪵɽаԪӿǰߡ
а𣬵аԪ
սˣǰаΪ˽⣬ӽ˶֣Ӱ˲ʧ
аꪻӹȴֻɢһӰ
ǰӰ֣һץа֣ɽն£ֱնаұۡ
ӿѪȾһԵĶ£ӿаұ۷Ϊҽ
ҪӾͲˡնӿǰа
Ȼаұ۱ȥڲаӰӹץصսꪣٿս֡
ߣӰӽնа
Ѫӿаϣٶȳ֣ɼǡ
ɭɭ׹ǣ쳣ааԪӿѸ޸ơ
ɫ֣ٶ˲ԽʱƣӰ黯
аսնգһ˲ɽ֮
ৣ
ɽնаӦ̧ץȻһаۣӿɢѪǳ׷ȥ
˫۾٣аڸܵ־壬һ̤ٳԶȥ
תӰ˲Ϣ֮䣬аǰ
ɽӹаѵֵϡ
ӿѪȾ춫Ͻգ屻٣аӿӴܡ
߲ˣ
Ӱ羪ӳ̶ֱֻӽӴܵаС
ոаӰӿŲԶȾѪĲһն¡¡һ


1494 ҹ
ԭҰܣȫû졢ͽλͷȫսѪȾɳ
һս֮𾪣˭û뵽ķâ󶼵ס
ڣ쳣ĳأλͷȫĬһҰܣĲֻλ۷սв档
ãϣĿ⿴·ƽҹǳְɡ
ǣ
ڣһõӰڣ
£ľǳҹ
ʮӭУΪҹȡᡣϣٶȿڵ
ǣ
ڣһǿϢӦ
ҹٳȭպ󣬲ǰʮᣬս裬ٶȳ
ʮǰսϣͦΣڷŨܣǿϢԼ䣬Ѵ˵е
󷽴УһõӰУϢ֣Բ
ҹصĴڣʵ˿֪
ԭҡҷ޶գͬٶȶ
ʮպ˫ӷǰңš
޴ɽ䣬Ӱ֣ߣŮӸ棬飬ǰȥ
أ
ϴǰɨûҵ˧Ӱֵ
ָ֣ǰ˫ӷ壬Űȥ
ֻҪͰˣ¶ɫ
šͷ
ɫһ䣬ôеǰ߲κλ̫Σˡ
Ǹš̾
ɫ£̫ˣ˧ʱԼվ
˫ӷ䣬Ű˫ӷľϵŨĻ
ҹɫ٣ɽ΢Ŀ
˫ۿһһ˵ǰٲ͵䡣
ϣʼմЦݣȻѹ˿Ӱ졣
һǧ꣬ź
ǧغ򣬳ĺĺģ
¸¹һٺ̧ͷնӿ£һĨɫ
ǲ֮ͣ
Ŀ⿴ǰ˫ӷ壬ɫ쳣
λ̫ţǿԴ󣬾Ȼûл£
ôõĻᣬϣҹҪʧ
˫ӷ䣬ջĿ⣬ˡ
ԣС¶ɫǻȥɡ
š
ͷѾͷתɽȥ
󷽣һӰӹٶȼ죬ʱ׷˰Χ
ʮӰѲ⣬ѹ֣Բ
ҹ
ܵʮõϢƽ
˵УмλǿߣΪҹϢΪء
û뵽ҵüˡ
ɱ
ʮӰУһ˿ڣһλŮӡ
һ䣬ʮӰӳɱǰ
֣ɽ֣ͬʱץѾͷһΧȦȥ
ҡ
ӽݺᣬΪ籩ϯ
˵һĻʮ˵Ӱ˿û˼֡
ҹʮӰȻ䵶£ն
䣡
䵶ӿǳɫˣҹʮĹơ
֮Ī⣬սݻ̫ɽɡţ޾ˡ
֮һܻԸʹá
ˣĪվԼ֮ͽӰ죬˿֪
δ֪˿־塣

ҹʮ¶ɫϾȻŨ֮
֮ȻǿᣬֱʹãҲ޷һΪߵһ֣ԣ˻ᴥ
İҹʮɫҲӰã䵶磬
ɽˣĪҹʮϳϣ࣬Ҫɱ˫ӷ塣
üͷ壬ԪһƣХ죬
ҹʮӰ棬磬籩꣬ƾ׳
ս֣һɫӿعơ

壬ɫأ˻ЩȴûУҹ֣ǽ޻֮
˫ӷ䣬Уɱ
ɽն͸ҹӰ䵶һ޵Ѫ
֪ܴҹδ뵽᲻ɴݵƾɢ
䵶壬ĴʹУϲŭϲĮĻȡ
ץˣ
̧֣ץסǰҹһն
䣡
ʱӰӹ䵶գǿеɽ
񱩵ҳλҹȫɳȥȾ졣
һ̣λҹɱɫ
ȻһҹɱУǰѸ޸תۻָ
Ĺ𣿡ڣ
ô򡣡
һУҲܴʮˣ̫죬һʱӮˡ
СһЩûж˵ʲôѵ
š
ͷâȻء
ʱ˫ӷΧɽҡʯսΪĩ
ʯ£ҹʮӰöܿһʯûӲ
У⣬Զȥ
ʱʮǰŰ߳
󷽣׷ҹʮͣ½ŲƬ̣ȥ

ǰɫصղЩǣ
ҹ
شǶСһЩҹ죬ˣöԸ
ԣ¶ػ֮ɫû˰ɣ
û¡
ƽǾһЩУҪ˵
ǣ
ɫ
ͬʱǰȺϢ
ʱԶһĨõӰ˲Ϣǰڵʧˡ
ԣüͷ𣬵Ҳɱ
ǿ֮ҪɱҪˡҹӦ
֮
𣬿Ҫˡ
뷽跨Ҫ֪ʱ˫ӷһߣվ£ͬ˼ӦĪҹ
ҹƺֻڹһ˲ŻʵҪץס˲Ļᣬʵס
鷳ǣҹʮˣ£
ҪҹӲӲûлˡ
ǣҪ֣Ϲأ
һԣؿӣǸҹΪġ
š
ԣ˵ͷͻȻɫһ
ҹΪɱõն
ϣ¶ЦݣѾͷԴ
¶⣬ûǰߺ⣿
󣬻ǰһĨõӰ֣һ𡣡
£
Уһɣ֮ʵ
֮ǰԪ
⣬õӰɫ
Ϊ˶Ըλ
ɣʵ
š
⣬õӰӦ
һλСǽǴǱ
̾Ƭ̺һľɳۻ಻
ȥɡ


1495 Ԫ
˫ӷ壬ţգ˭ûзѡ
ͳ˧˼ûоԵİǰѡ˰
ڣڵҹǰһõӰ˻Ԫ
һ߳ľ裬ɢżΪۻ֮伫µۻ֮䣬Ƴõķ
һԪȴ쳣㲹ҲΨһӵС
ǰҹеĻԪ⣬αλĩˡ
ͬʱ˫ӷ棬Ӫǰͬ˼ԸҹĶԲߡ
ͳ˧ƣǿ֮ݰֳ
գնǰ֣
󷽣ʮ̶ս¡¡߿ա
˫ӷ棬˿ʾɫ¡
ӪǰиУնעԶɫ
ô죬ҵԸİ취
Ҫ첻١
Сġ
һԣڣѵ
ġ
ͷµġ
˵꣬Ӱڿն
ʱ˫ӷϿգʮңţֲϢգġ
ĿϽǿսøע
ǰ֪ţƬ̺󣬷
֮µһˣΪѼ伣
˴ΣٳζţĴҲɵ
룡
˿һ䣬Ӱͬʱӳɱо֡
ɱˣУһɫǹңԷ
ֳɽǧս֮µһˡ
ͳ˧սʮֱ֮Ӵս˵ǿѲܹ֡
ͬʱϣʮҲʼ棬;ʴӭУȫʤ
ؼս֣ս꣬ս֣ȴǲҶȫ
֪ɱвλͳ˧ˡ
ҹ
ҹʱս
ʣսԽңλǿ߽֣ǹڣ羪ףԽǿ
棬쾪ض֮ϣӰϳһԪӿ
н䱸һĶãӦǰǿеͬʱʱпֵܳɱС
ôµֻΪ𣿡
սУӰӹǹƿգԵޱȵȻһӰʱ˳ɡ
⣬ͣΣֲָָ졣
ʱһνƿն
ʽκβ˱
һǹ裬ǧ
ǰ̤ӰӳһնǿƻС
䣡
ӣֲ𵴣˰벽һĨĮĻȡ
ץˣ
̧֣ץסǰֱۣһԪӿ֪֮
һ˲ϣʮӰƾն䵶£
ıѾõɱ֣֮ϣʱסӰʮλҹɱͬ
޿ɵ޿ɱܣһȣӿ
䣡
սУһ˲ҹʮܵȫɳȥ
ǧ֮⣬ҹʮͣΣĿ⿴ǰ׷ˣ¶ɫ
ڳˣ
ҹʮһۣ˵ͷӰٶӳ
УܵƿնǿϢὣǰԷ
񱩶Ľڼ֪֮вַ֮
ȫ֣Ȼûйǣȫۣսȫ
ϣҹʮܵ˾ҵĽѪӿȫܡ
䣡
ٽӣ죬ǿеɽâ
ͬʱУһ˵ľ֣ľ򿪵˲䣬ɳս
ʱ޾£Ԫ˼䣬˵Ĺ񳯣չΪ
ܵʴ̾

иУɫ΢䣡
ͻıȻ׼Ҳû뵽ױƵ
˲ʱֻҹʮӰӹ䵶
ৣ
ҫ۵ĵ⣬âˣ⻮һٴĿѪ
ս׶ܴ⣬ŭüɱԱ
ɣ
һŭȣħ죬ڱ٣׷ǧ
Ƶս֣ҲñܣɫĻ治ʣ޿ײ롣
ڷﱾԴ˼䣬ħԪӳ֣Ʊ
һĺڷ棬ӿսУÿһ䡣
սڣҹʮɫҲһ䣬û뵽ֻɱС
ɫУҹʮܵһѹԽء
Щ棬ù죬û¶ȣ棬һĶ
ҹ𾪵һ̣սУӰǰ
عǹƿգӭսС
ڷѹƣٶܵӰ죬˰֡
Ӱ̧ץסֱӳԶɽ˦ȥ
䣡
ӰɳֱԶһɽ
ͬһʱ䣬󷽣ҹʮ䵶磬顣
Ȼ±䵶
ɱб裬ҹɫһӰٶ黯
һƱ裬һ䵶
ȭħԪӿȻˡ
ܣ
ҹ𾪣¶֮ɫ
ǵҹ֮ôܱƣ
ǵȷҪһ˲䣬ǵ
ǰֻҪǹٶȱҹˡ
ҹʮɫ£Ŀ⿴Χĺɫ棬ΪЩ
ɣͷ¶βûбҪҼʶһǵ汾£
̧ɽɫĮ
ԶɽУս֣Ŀ⿴ǰмɵڡ
λ鴫ƥʵ
ǿˣҲмޣǿվֻһˡ
ҹ
ڣһۺӰٶӳ
ܣҹʮͷӰöɱǰ
ʮλ۷壬ٿս֣սҪУڴˡ
սУһ֣սʮλ۷ǿߣսˣȴ
·սսϣ˿Ͽգ¶ɫ
ǿӹɣֻǣ̫ˡ
սǰﲻæ

֮ϣսУۣ䵶һĨ޵Ѫҫ۶Ŀ
ʮλӽľǿ֣ڿʼȡƣ񻰣ս
·ʮϴɻԡѪսΪҳϣΪ
£Ǹ˶ϽڽɽţǴܲȻ
ֻҪǼȥʤջ
ǧʿɶҡʮھƵϴȴǺȴսһѪ
֮ϣ˫Ŀʧܵ·ʿǿҵ̧ץס䵶ѪȾ£ǿƻС

ɽλҹţѪĿ
ҽǣս죬֪˵
ϣһȣԪӿɽͬ䡣
ͬɷ죬ɽɣһٴ۵Ѫ
ɽʱ⣬ħ۶ٶ֮죬ס


1496 ħ
֮ϣս죬֪սҹʮֻ֣Ϊɱ֡
ΪΧɱ֣֮֮䣬ϽƱá
ֲǿ޷ȫɽ֮ϵɷȾ졣
ǿУûٱɽȫɱ֡
սУҹʮܵǰǿɫͬʱ¡
λǿʵ
˲䣬ȼյĺɫУӰӹͬУƾ졣
عɫǹգӲС
ֻžһ˫֣ѪɽֻһУٶܴ
ǿޱȵ޿ƥУӰɳɣ˫һ顣
̤Ӱٶӳƿնա
䡢䡢䣡
ɽ̷ɳǹֵѪɽϼˡ
սֲ󷽣ҹʮӰӳ䵶Ѹؽף
սӽ𿪽ҹ
ϣʮӰ𲻶ܣһ̣ɫҲ쳣
λǰǿˡ
ҹʮΧȼյĺɫ棬Щ棬鷳
Уһĺ棬޿ײ룬ǻ棬ȴûκ¶ȡ
ڷһ࣬޾Ҳֻһ𣬸һ
úڷﱾԴ󣬺ʹãóջЧ
ҹʮӰӹ黯ʵһ˲渽ţٶơ
ݵĻᣬǰӳնλҹ
¡һλҹ䵶ӦϣΣһ̣Ӽʱãס
תµս֣ȫսǿѹҹʮķâ
·ʮϴ״ʿȫɱУʵͬԡѪս
֮ϣսֵӰڿնս֡
Ϊˣ֮ˣȻвֵܵҹʮΧȻضƣһʱ仹޷һ
սɱ⣬ɫɢΪɫ棬սС
ϣǰս˫ֲѪɫ£ڽ⣬Ų̫ãֻŵܲ˷֮бɡ
ס
ҹʮͷӦ
սУֳ˫ս֣֮Ѫ£Ⱦ콣档
뽩ֵս֣˭κβ˭Ȼһֱͬʱ߶ɽڵΪʱܲסɽϵɷ
תնӿǰûκηϻӰ˲ӹ
ҹսȻΪǿ󣬵Ͼֻһˡ
սУǰܣٶӭϡ
ͬʱΧһõӰӹǰС
ҫ۶Ŀ¡
ƿգưޱȣǿĽ羪Σƺɶ
λҹԪ䵶棬С
󷽣߶Ԫһɫ⻪ֱ죬չ
棬쾪ر䣬ֲನϯսУȫȾ졣
ս˫֣Ѫ䣬ԾƵɱ֣˿·硣
⣬ѾȾ죬ܴء
ԶԣҹʮᣬŴս
˻ˣ㻹ܿأ
Цѹƣһȣǹƿն
֮Уɫâƿգǰ
˭Ҷ
ʱ쾡ͷһŭ𣬷·춯ء
һ̣ؼ䣬ħ𾪵ĿУһٻӰѪħԾˡ
ħỨնݺɵĺɫֱնɫǹâˡ
ʦ㣡
ܵ˵Ϣɫһ¶֮ɫ
սУܵͻĵâȾ죬
ǰеնǰһͷѪĳ裬Сһȴ·ɽһ㲻Խ
һڵΪܲôǿɷɡеڣݾܾ
š
عͷһɽ
ȥһƵɷʱɢȥ룬˲Ͳħգ޸ܴ
ǰеĿɨսеҹʮ
סЩˣʦɱǸˣ㡣
䣬еӰ˲ǰỨ֮նâ
ɫһֵֵֻǰһһɫ롣
׵ı仯еУỨ֮һΪڰ˫棬Դһҫ۵Ѫ
𾪣Ӻˣ壬Ѫӿ
Ӳˣ
е˵һ䣬Ӱӳǰ
ٶȣ޽ӽؼ٣е˫ӶΪ޵ȥǰ·


1497 
˫ӷϣеỨ֮չ־˷â˫ƿգش
ս֣еս֪һ˵ҹʮս֣ս졣
ҵĴս뿪ս֣ѹҹȻ죬ǣԲǰǿ
ϣҹʮӰö𲻶ȫһɱС
սм䣬ֳ˫ɽһɫɢս־ӡ
Ƭ̣ҹʮӰӹٶȸ죬Ҫӵ
һ˲λҹӰʵ䵶ն䣬ɱޡ
𣡡
ӽһ˲ֱ֮ˡ
ͬʱ󷽣λҹԪӿǿƥ
ܿƾλҹתɱС
λҹɱ䵶磬·а»գٶȱ
ʮλҹ಻Ĺƣÿһ˵Ϊ۷壬Ϲڲ֮ء
䣡
˫ն䵶λҹɣյֲ֮ϲ
֤ǿޱȵɽÿײҹұϵѹԽһ֡
λҹˣڵѶϣƾҹץסʱƾ֪š
ͻȻλҹϣ渽ţǣҲ޷Ϩ
λҹһˣ߶Ҫ档
Ȼ𾪵һĻλҹϣʧֱûڡ
λҹľԪӿҪƳ⡣
ֻǣڷ֮ȷͬһ㣬ҹڵ׳Լ
λҹ״̵ǰΪȡʱ䡣
ǰһֱصһڶˣ籼ף˲λҹǰ
ɽ䣬ޱȣֱն󷽵λҹ
¡һǰľλҹòʱѵ֮£ѵâ
ѣྡྷ𵴣λҹȾ죬
֣Ӱӹλܵڷ֮ǣƵҹǰնһ
ӿѪȾսλҹĿһͣһۣΨĿ졣
λҹӰ׹ʱ˵ѸٻһΪǹ⣬ʣڡ
ܣüͷ塣
ϣںλҹ󣬾λҹϢԽǿԼ䣬Ѵıݡ
ɫ£սӰӳնľλҹ
ϣλҹӰö滮˿ˡ
˫ѹϯƸʢ֡
λҹΪΧܣˣռݾԵơ
ϢλҹӳƾĹʯ쾪
ɫ£ܿƾһߣƾϮƲ
ὣ󷽣ƾƿնǿصӣס
̤Ӱ۹ܿһһĹƣɻնƿա
λҹӰ黯ǰĽѵĿλҹóȻ֮ߣǰʼʩĻᡣ
ҵս֣ٶ뽩֣һʱ䣬˭޷κε˶Է
սģ̧֮µҹ
Χλҹɫ쳣һôѲĶ֣û̫õƾ֮
ڴ˷ս뽩ʱǧ⣬ڶս֣еϲˮ裬޵ȥ·
ݵ񣬽־գˮ֮ϣ޵С
ҰڱΣɫ£ǹƿһһˮ䣬ɢƬУɫ֣Ŀ
Ȼһӣһˮ仮Уʧ󣬰Ϣ֣նǰߺġ
һܵɱ̲ܡ

ŵ滮²ҹǰвһٴ۵Ѫ
սʮУֵӰδ콻ˮУħӰѰҸһĻᡣ
й֮ʧ޵Уٶȳ
ʱϿգգն¡
̧ͷǲܣץỨ档
֪սעһѡܾ˵Ĵ򷨡
ⲻϣսУˮٶƿնֱۣš
һҪٵֵѾ
ֻն䣬ǰһµĵ۳ֻ֣硣
ͷ±ܵ˳벽֮գܿɱ
ұԪȼգˮ䣬亹䣬²ѡ
ǰδĵϸ֣ʽ֮˷ʤ
ֵܸܳΪǣȴ·Ԩһ㣬
䡢ɲȡ
߶Ԫ޸ڵƣ֪һ¶֡
裬ƽ
ʱˮУһ𣬶ʱڰ˫ַ棬⽻ߡ
ɫһһȣԪҪΪƣӲֹơ
ƿնײԪϣҵĳˮ飬ꡣ
һֹأһ˲ѪĿħӰƾն֡
ħ˫գỨ֮ڰ˫вϣΪһ
ħյһ롣

ͻһֱƿԪϣڡ
ѪȪˮһӿһƺߣ¶𾪡
£
ŭԪǿ𿪶֡
ʮ⣬еֹסΣĿ⿴ǰӣӰٶǰ
ỨնܴѾȫ̧Ӳ档
Ứƣ˲˫ֵ֣ƿգһιš

Уƺٴ𣬽ϼˡ
裬Ứ
⣬еӰӹ磬ˮ𣬵С
ǹҪˣˮƶֱ乥ơ
ͬʱڰǰӹ
ȾѪĺڰ׵棬޶ĿȻսУȴûе£һŭȣǹޡ
ˮУӰӳǹƿգնǰħ
ǹâеգзȻǰ߹ơ
̧֣Ԫӿƣٶһĳ
Ѿʧȥ𣿡
е˵һ䣬գ󷽣ƿնֱӹġ

һģ۵Ԫʱɢȥ
֮䣬еклӹ滮ǰʺһѪӿ
ſڣһΣȴʲôҲ˵
еǰְ̧ǰ飬ħԪħħ
˼µһ±Դȱݣеϰѻ󣬿˷˾ħĲ㣬ħ˼ɱ磬ʣ˫Ⱦǿ֮Ѫ
ϣħӿˣѸɢȥԴԴϻħ֮С
еħԽǿ羪Σˣ·ˡ
ϢһɢȥӰ䣬ҵĴ֮ϡ
ݡ
һԪ󣬻еתĿ⿴ԶսӰǰȥ


1498 
˫ӷϣսңħնһΪ
սеӰӳԶսָȥ
֮ϣսҹʮʱնɱˡ
ⲻϣλҹսΪȫɣΪʤǰ
֮ս棬˭κβ˶Է
ʱսУħӿеӰӳս֡
ܵˣ¶΢Цô죿
Զˣֻǲϼѡ
еĿɨΧŵӰ𣬵⼸ôѶԸ𣿡
š
ͷǵӰֻڹһ˲ŻʵʱѰգʱû뵽̫õĽ취
ֻܴˡ
еսỨ֮ᣬĿ⿴žλҹ
ֻˡ
Ӧһ䣬սָ̧֮žλҹ
λҹһۣԪԪΪս
ȺƵƾݿʧȥ֮󣬾λҹѡսǣơ
ҹУתۼŵĻᣬͻеٶȣ˲λҹǰ
ն䣬ĿȻ֮ҹӰ黯͸壬˿ˡ
һ̽еüͷ壬ȻöԸ
Ѿٶȣȴǰղסõʱ
ѹôãһֱӮˡ
ʧܣ߼䣬λҹӰǿһƣǿƷˡ
еӵֵ˫λҹĹơ
һֹΪ֪λҹᣬսƵеϡ
Ϊɵϵĺɫ棬ŮȴûУɱˣһЩ
λҹתĿ꣬಻еѹ
սУиУɫ¡
䣡
ƾϮỨ֮նĳ𣬻еյ֮죬׶ܴ
ӰӹҪǰȴֹ
û£ѰҺʵĻٳ֣
սУеһ䣬
Ӱ£ɫصص˵ͷ
裬˪
УеԾ֣Ҵ⣬˫תƣɫ˪
ĺɫ˪ᣬ֮ռ䶼ʼ
λҹӰöܿ˪µλá
裬ޣ
һ֮󣬻еٳһУˮӣݺύ谭λҹж
սУӵɫˮ䣬ȥ˵ߣˮУ֣ûԱλ
ǰδǿ֣λҹͬҴ⣬֮䣬û׳֡
˫ɵ̽Ϊм䴥֮ߣȫѰҺʵʱ
ս⣬ͿʶսҪҹֻжݵһ˲ܴʱ
ǰˮݺύλҹֱ޶ȵƣеˮϣβϱλá
ͻλҹͻе˳֣ˣȶ
еɫһ˫ն
ƽӣе֮ǿƿۻƾ
裬ƽ
֮󣬻е˫ٶȻƿգնλҹ
Ȼֻ˲ĵ飬λҹӰѾ黯˼ҹֺ
е״Ҳûżһ̤ٶ޵֮С
ζ֮̽սսУ˭Ҵ⣬ǿ֮Ƭ̵ʤ
սУɽս
ֻǣʱδֻѹɽ־ȴᡣ
ս·սϴ벹ĴսڼԾΪףԡѪսȻսƣȴǲ·硣
λ»쳣ɱ˲֪أ֮
ǿĸ֣ȫͻеǣƣ޷
ۼսȶĿ⿴ʣ¶ɫ

Ҫȥæ𣿡һλ»ڣ
ء
ҡͷҹĪ⣬ȹȥҲ޷ıʲôɱмɣȡǰ˲
λ»ͷûٶԣӰӳȫɱеǿߡ
ս죬ؼս֣еһ˶Ծλҹƾ֮˿·硣
޵УڵĪ⣬ݵ񣬶һģ裬ŽС
λҹҴ⣬γԽȫʧܣǰŮȻûôѲֶΣǵȴǹ֮˷ʤ
սУʤѷ֣λҹһսֵɫԽɵ
λΪγٳٲ֣
λҹһ̣޵УƿնʱնѺۡ
λҹ̻Ӱ黯ܿ
ս⣬ʶս֣սüͷԽԽ
֣
λҹӰ黯ʱȻ̲ʱҲûгʮϢ
ӽʮϢʱ򣬾λҹΪһȱ
ʦ㣬黯ʱƺܳʮϢע̽һ¡ڣ
սУеԣ˵ͷһελҹĹƺûѡΣȫ˳ȥ
޵ڣе̤ˮ䣬ֻ籩꣬ѹλҹ
һϢϢϢ಻Ĺ£λҹӰ黯˿ˡ
ȻŻеƲϼǿλҹɫȴǽ˱仯
ԣ
λҹӰˣͬʱ콻޵Уλҹ޵ƣٸ
ƾȺƵ
Σһ̣ս⣬Ӱˣٶȣ˲սС
ɽâƿնȻ±ƾ
ƾ裬ʮϢʱ佥󷽣λҹһۣӰʵӲħơ
ȻһƳλҹ¹ƣ
ͻȻӰ֣ףٶ֮죬𾪡
ӽϺ渽ţ̹ǡ
һλҹϣ֣ͬǣȼ
˵һĻҹսּת¡
壬λҹһƺߣԪܵң黯
ħԭ
ɽٶȻӹսУħϯӰ
ҵľλҹӰħûɵ
ֻǣһ̣𾪵һĻٶȷλҹ֮ʣλҹϣϢٶǿӽӽ˵е硣
е״ɫһ
⼸λҹ
ϣʮλҹλʣԪӿǰǿ˲ֹһ
ҫ۵⣬ǿ˵Լ䣬ǳ˻Ϣ
Сһ㡣
иУɫ£ѵŵķܲˡ
ס
еͷɫԽ࣬ʣµ˱Խǿ˵ս뽫ͬʱУʣһˣ롣
һһ롣еڣ
ԡ
Ӧһһ̤Ӱӳս¶
һʮã
󷽣еһߵλҹˮӣ֡
սٿһʱ䣬֮ϣâ뿪ҫ۶Ŀ


1499 
˫ӷϣսҹս֣ǿҹʮҲʧء
λҹսعϣΪɱ
ǿһսâ˫˫âҫĿ
սַֿ֪ħһ˶λҹսʼļ쳣
٣ΪȴǸʤǰһսޣ಻ĹأҪԳ˵ļޡ
籩һĹУλҹӰϻöŹʮϢȴû¶
׼û̫棬Ʋϣǿѹˡ
ʮϢλҹ˳ս֣һһң֮⡣
Ӱֿ⣬λҹԪԪƽǰǿʢ
һɽиУһ̤ܿƾ
ƼϣսУλҹӰʵԴϢ֮
ȫµս屶ҹ溳ֵ
Χֳ˫ɫ¡
ǹԽԽôȥɡ
ԶеλΪͻͽҹͬҲɣƾ޵͵裬ǿסս֡
ʮϢ
еӵ
ʮϢ
Ӧܲ׼ȷ
̽һα֪ˡ
е˵һ䣬һȣħԪӿȣˮӣ˫ٴιȥ
ҵս֣âҫ۶ĿļǿߣԵ춼ɫ
ʮϢʮһϢʮϢλȫ֣񱩵ĵϢݺᣬѹҹ
ʮϢս֣λҹͬʱԪһƣȻս֡
ʮϢ
еɫͬʱһ϶ǿƻС
⽣ӰƿնλҹӰûӲӣѡá
зӰ
ٶ֮󣬷Ϊ˫˫Ӱ˲ʧ
ٶȣת֮һλҹǰɻһ
裬ڤ
һս֣еͬ˫ɫӿΪһ޵ĵٶ
һ̣ħᣬỨ֮ƿնһλҹӺݺһʺѪӿ
λҹսе̶һħӿҪعʱһΪ
ȻħУλҹӰɢȥƾʧ
ͬһʱ䣬ԶλҹԪع飬Ϊٶ
еɫ΢䣬û뵽ջδֹ
ս֣ʣλҹһԪۣԽˡ
Ƽ䣬ûгɣӰӳӽնС
䣡
һλҹֱ̧ӵ˹ƣڶλҹԪǿƻС
Ϊһλҹѡζȫۣ潻档
һߣеͬͬλҹʩΪ棬ǿƷѡ
λҹѲҪ濹⣬˿
ʱս֣ͻеս
սУݺύ޵޷λҹӰ죬е˫֣Ѫ䣬Ⱦˮ䡣
һߵս֣Ҳòȥսޣ۷塣
裬ƽ
޵Уе˫֮ˮӣק˫˫Ŀ
λҹƵµ⣬Ӱӳϡ
ȻλҹƼеӵֵʱ죬˳
ʦ㣡
Զս֣иУɫһ˫նս֣ҪǰԮ
û£
еһֲ̧ѪרӦС
һֹסΣѵʦСġ
еͷӿǰλҹ
䣬еɫħӿڵ裬ǰս֡
ţ
λҹ״ɫ£Ŀ⿴ſзĺڵ¶ɫ
ڵλҹҴ⣬ڵ
ʱǰеӰӳһѹ˳֡
ƽӣನ𵴣ս˲֡
Ƭ̵ӣڵ𣬺ڵԱħԪҳ
ڵɱУǧټǵľλҹɡ
Զܵһսֺ˵ĲɫҲһ
ʦ㾹ȻɱУ
ϣǧħԱ˶ʮϢӿħУӰ黯ʵǱסȴҲ˲ˣǱ쳣
˴Ϣ̣֮ǰеӰ˫
Ѫɽ˫⧲ɱУλҹ£һѸɢȥ
˫ɢΣԪɳλҹɳ
е״ϣһֻڵ֮ɳڵɢΣΪħԪ˫ûλҹڡ
Ԫع飬λҹΪ˲һ˵ĳ̶ȣϣԪҪʵʡ
ԶеӰǰλҹɫ쳣
ôˡе
ԶϲԿɫ¶Ц
ʲôʱˣûΡ
еûسһ䣬ҽһֻڵڣһֻڵԳˣҲֻ˰ˡ
ôõĵƣôôʹãȴ򿴣ܻҵġɫ
š
еͷһħԪӣ׼ս
һԣҲͬս˫սȫ
ǰ֣âɡ
ǰλҹͬһƣ
һƣ죬
ʮ⣬еסΣɫɫ
ǿô࣡
ǣƣʦһ֡
˵һ䣬Ӱӹȫ
սУɽƿն磬ƿʱնλҹ
һԶΪѰλҹ㣬չ־ΪӰ磬նС
ͻȻıλҹ˰벽¶ŭɫǿƻС
ƾƿգκϯ˴ӶһϢ쳣
ϣ罻նƾһλҹǰսΪ

ɽͻ谭ǰҹš
עһһŴ󿪣ԶڶλҹԪһƣȻ֪ϡ
ƾѪӷɳɡ
лУڶλҹ֮ʣս⣬е󣬵ſӰ˲ӳ
ỨͬעһһỨ֮ҹڣһٴ۵Ѫ

شҹ¶ŭһĳȻǰħ
⣬еסΣһѪŻ˼
һֹƻڳȫش
ֵס𣿡ڣ
ްԳŵǹ
еħӿѹƣֻ˫ս⼱
սУλҹܴһԪ𵴣¶
ͬ׹ħǧ̫Ͻ
ὣһħԪ죬֮ǧɫ޾о֮ϡ
һ̣ǧûս֡
޾Ľ⣬׹˼䣬ûλҹ
ս⣬еž˵ľͻȻɫһ䡣
䣡
һ̣Уһɿֲ쳣춯أ˵ֱɢ콣
ˣ
еæǰ֪˳֮⡣
ǰٵĽУһλҹְ̧һλҹͷϣԪӿɶԷ


1500 ʯ
˫ӷϣ֪ħ֣ǿնɱʮλҹ
վֽⲻһλҹ֣ͻȻһλҹ
ҹʮйع飬˫ӷϷƱãʱմҡ
֮䣬쳣¡
ڣһλλͷиУ¶ɫ
ҹ
ಹԶĻУһͬǿ쳣Ϣ֣۾Ŀ⿴ɣһĨɫ
λǿ𣬽ҹ˳̶ȣ
ô
˫ӷϣǧ٣𵴵ನУһֲӰԻΧʱŤԳµ
ǿ𾪣δصϢ
ǰͻеܵǰŮϿµϢɫ¡
Ľ
һ
еƽ˵һ䣬ǻı£ȵˡ
ʦˡ
¶ЦʦˣȻ鷳ˡ
ʵʵ˵ڱһλǿߣûʮȫİա
ΪĲ࣬ս顣
ûӦǿߵľ⧲׳Կ
֮һսѴ
ѴҲҪ򣬽սǿߣ֪ͬҪ
Ϲأٶѹƣȴ򿴡еڣ
š
ͷʦСһЩǲ֪
סеӦ
ǰҹնǿޱȵѹѹվŤ˵еľ磬ȻǿƵ죬ҲΪټ
սһʱͣأսУ⻪ƾն֣֪еͬʱ
ˡħһһھ޴ſٶȽޣٶѹƣ̽Ϊ
ϣҹβɽ˫ƿϣȻµâ
ԵΪѹƣԪϣҹ˫ԪٴߣȻˡ
ٲ⣬ͻеͣΣͬʱɫ
ô
Ԫǿ̫ˣǰֹʮ
һΣ
̤һתӰҹ֮ǰ뾪ףҹš
ļ𣿡
ҹ˵һ䣬Ԫӿɽ档
˵ҵȫ𣿡
ɫĮػһգַâ˫ƿգٶ
̫ˡ
ҹһ˫ԪǿƷˡ
һ̤ӰӳɣɣӰܿƿնԪ
һߣеһ˲֮ˮƿգ˫׷£ϡ
ӳ£磬ȻһỨϿգ䡣
֣ҹųУ㣬˳벽
벽ҹסΣ˫֮ϣϯԪӿˣȺƵ
е״̤ӰӹҹỨ磬顣
ҹüͷ壬תӭС
ƽӣеѪӰǧ⡣
棬ӹɻնƾˡ
䣡
ҹٵɽƾαͬ졣
ʮ⣬ͣӰն
ȷʵǿǰ㲻ɴλҹб
ֻԪǿȾˣһսеĴ
ʦ㡣
ֲ̧ǵѪʦս쳣ʦʱԮ֡
Сġ
еͷѵ
ģһħԪڣ˲ϢӰӳȫӭС
죬˫ĿѼҹǰն䣬Ƴɽ
ҹֵ̧һֻԪǿƷˡ
ԪӰܿƣ˲Ϣҹɽն£ࡣ
ҹüͷ壬Ƶ½棬δǰ׷Ӱٶʧ
ٶ֮˫չ־Ϊսȫսǿߡ
ʮн棬սֽ֣ΪռݾƵҹռϷ硣
Խ֮սǼѣȻѲǵһΣԪǿȵѹƣǲԽ
ٶȣսȵȣӰս̫࣬Ϊֻ֮һȴǾԡ
սУ֪಻Ĺƣҹֲ֮ɫ
ҹ޼
ҹ̧֣Ԫתʱһɺڰɢ֮򷨾١
ͻȻѵս⣬еиУӰӹս֣ץٺˡ
⣬ͣӰǰ޴ڶ¶𺳡

Ĵڡ
ʦ㣬л
ܵǰڶĿֲµ
ҿõʦսȻҪ׸ͷˡ
ǣҹľ𣿡
޴ĺڶУҹ˵һ䣬ɢݻ򷨡
ӵĺڶⶼУԷɳ
⣬ӰˣܿڶɷΧ
ô򣿡
еǰĺڶ
̧֣ݺǰڶ
˵һĻûڶǰвٲ㱻ɴ
գǿӣʱǧ⣬һ޴ɽֱӳǰҹȥ
ɽ֮ܣףȻɽ巽£㱻ҹĺڶɣûзһ˿
֮֮ԲУ鷳ˡ
ɫ΢Ƚȥ򲻹ٳ
䣬ӿ˲ޡ
һ̣չᣬΪڶ֮С
ڶڣֲ򱬷Ѹ߽⣬ѵ
ͬһʱ䣬˲ԻΪΪٵ
Ͼ棬ӰԽӽҹ
ľ룬ƽߣȴ·Զġ
У񽣲֮֮ɵǿ»֮

ڶУҹһ֮ϣȫ汬һĳٳ
̤˲֮ϣʱձá
ȵĻУӰ黯طֳ
޴ޣƲҹǰ
̧֣õֿסҹʺ˲Ϣʵ
ǣ
˵Ĺֱֱֲҹ
ҹɫһû뵽ֻĺС
Ǿ飬ħͬʱ壬ݻһҹ˫Ҳ֮
Ϊ֮ʣҹ˫ͻȻҫ۵Ĺ⻪һѸٻָ
֮ʣҹ̧һƣӡ֪š
ƺӰɳȾ졣
ս⣬е״ӰڶУش֪˳
˲Ϣʱ䣬еȻѺۣħԪ޸ơ
û°ɣ
еûƣӣĵ
ް
ħ֣ͬħ߶Ϸ˲Ϊش
ţȷȥҹ
ҹʵϡ
ϣһųɫʯͻȻ٣𾪲λͷ
ҹʯˣ
˵ҹΨһһõˣ
λҲס
Ȼ۾һĨɫ
ҹõԼʯ
ʯ٣ҹѰһΣٴˣ


1501 
˫ӷϣ޴ĺڶӣء
ǿУƾƾ費ħǿнڶͻȻѣŤҹʺ
룬ȥһҹͻȻһش֪
˵һĻҹŭɫʢû뵽ǰһͷ
ҹ亹ʯλС
ڶ⣬еĿ⿴ǰɫԽء
һԣħӿ޸ơ
ʱ޸նӿǰɫ
Ȼ֪ҹΪʲôǣһսôˡ
ܹ֣ΪͻȻķѣҹû׼ͬʽҹϵΡ
ȻǱѰ
е𣬿ڵΣѰһ֡
ͷַתʱؼ䣬ӿ֣ƻе
ʦСģȫǰʦһҪ
š
еӦûٵ飬ڶ
ڶڣӿ򷨾٣еƵİܵ¶֮ס
е֣ˮӣǰҹ
ڶģҹɱһţץˮ䣬Ȼһק
ʱеקڶģҹ̧һƣɫȶ
Σһ̣е˫ٶһӰ۹ܿƾ
˫ַ棬ˮڣɫ֣նҹĿڡ
ﬣ
ҹ̧֣°зâԵΪѹƣˡ
裬ķâ˳ɿ
񼼣糱еϣƾ֮޶ȵĿ˷Ϊơ
ڶģݺᣬħӰϱλãߣâĪ⡣
ǿĵʱǧ־Ϊ֮ɥĵ֮񣬽񳯣˫ս
ڶ⣬ܵսмҵĴսвڡ
ʦǿκ˶˵ӽ߳ЩУʦҲһ
ʣеʱĽ
䣡
սģƽӣನ𶯣еܲסʴ̱١
еɫ仯̤沽ƾٶȺƣȫԵС
ǧٵУҹħ಻ϵĹƣͬ𺳡
н޵еһλ辪˵ĸ֣ˣʲô
˫ƿգħԪӳ֣Խˣڶڣ˫չķâû˷ÿһ̵Ĺᡣ
Եȫ汬ĹƣҹȻΪռţȴҲ˿⡣
䣡
ٽӣನХ죬ҹ˫ַתΰӣӴߣҪƾ辳ѹƣ׶ϾǰȡʤĻᡣ
սУеѱٴ룬ཥ˳ųֵļޡ
ʱ䲻࣬еɫһ˫յ˫ϲ޵⣬֮У䡣
Ž񣬶Ψһһ棬תǣ
У𶯣Ȼ޾⣬˫ӷĵ֮ڣת˲֮󣬼£ﷶΧ٣ٳ㡣
ڶ¡¡𶯣սУҹɫһͣԪС
Ƹ۵һе٣ħԪȫһС
ǧâ׹䣬Ƭ̺ǧâΨһΪһɵâնڶеҹ
ĵľ󣬾֮ϣɵâƿգûڶ
ڶģӿȣâն䣬ʼ١
Ȼ֮վǴ
ߣٵĵâն£ͬĻ֮ս
ô𣡡
ҹȣɫӿ˫ֲϣȻɵâ
âʱ˫ӷϣرɫʱմҡ
ħעһһħ죬Լ䣬Ȼıݡ
ݵ񣬴ˡ
˵â£ҹƺѪٶܴ
ս⣬״һȣӰӳ
ڵķУɽ֣ͬ˵ɷӿȣ
ĿɱӰҹǰɡ¾ƿն˫նҹ

ҹŭ˫Ԫץסɽ
ɽѪȾ콣棬ɡ¾裬Уɽ֣âֱֱҹš
¾ɵ⣻ɱ仯ѪȾѡ
ɹ壬ҹѪŻ¶֮ɫ
ɷɽѸٻȥһգɷһնҹʺһѪ֮֡
ˣ
նɱҹ֮û˿ɣγɽеߣߣӳս֮⡣
̶Ϣʱ䣬ս⣬еϣȾ죬򣬾ס
עӵĿ£ڶģҹƬ̺ͷ­Ѫӿա
˵һĻҹսΧʧأ̱ÿ쳣
ҹѸٷֱѪɢ䣬˲Ϣ󣬳ױɡ
ľˣɱ¾ͻеһ̶п
״ȷʵ̫Щ
ҹս·Ĳʱʧս⣬ٳˡ
׷ɱҪݻٲȫ
ȫתս֣˳ɱ¾ɽ˲ء
ϣս˴һľ
˫ӷϣеǰܳ˵ĲڵУĸж٣
Բλش
ˣһսûʤ㡣еɫ£˵
һλѾ㾡лλϵǿߣǼӮⳡս
Ĭ֮󣬿ڵ֪
۾ô¡еٶʵ
˵
򵥽Щ귢˵һ飬ڵʦ㣬ʲô
ԭˡ
еֱɫȻˣⳡսͱҪˡ
ʦˣ֪𣿡ʵ
֪
еͷǵٶȲңԣҾˡ
겻Щˡ̾
һսϢһǡ
еϵѹҲܼ᲻٣Щ꣬ЩһʵҲ٣£ʵҡ
¶΢ЦҾֻ֪ҪǻᣬЩһﶨһˡ
սлˣǽսǳǧ䣬Щ˵츳ݡ
츳ⶫеʱĲŬֲܹ
ĽҲܶʼɡ
˽̸У˫ӷǰϴȫѹ˲Ŀ쿪ʤ
˹
󷽣֮ͬȾ졣
߷ϣеǰǰ
ɫһܿع񣬸ȥ
ǰ¶֮ɫʦ㺰ʲô
ǧ⣬еͣ½ŲǰѾͷƽ̫ˡ


1502 ս֮ǰ
˫ӷϣеӶһʱ쳣
ʣС
еڣɫ䣬˵
Ĭ֪λش
Ȼѡߣ㲻ȥǿܸõİеɫ
Զŵ֮ɫ֪ʦҪ԰˵ʲôԵʦӣ˵Ȼ̫ࡣ
㿴۾
еɫĮȻ˫Ѿʧ۾ڿ㣬ıô𣿡
˵꣬е˫֣ƽ˫֣ʶʱȾѪԣ޷Ŀԣǧˣǧ꣬Ҳóˡ
ԣһã֮ɫ
еǰǰѾͷ֣ɽǰǰ㿴п磬ԴϡȱеҪţͱ벻ᣬʴȡ棬ֻۣΨǿߣܸõĻȥ
Ŀǰ磬
Ǳǿʴȣ棬һжСе
ΪԸ׹޼䣬ɷħһ֮䣬ѲҪʴȵķ
ʦҡתɫ
еͷĿ⿴ԶڵҴˣͲսʱǻ
¶ȣȥ
֪㲻ùô࣬취ӦԲ󼴿ɡ
еӦöڸ·ϣǵǰҪ벹Ӳƴ
ͷס
ˡ
е˻֣ûٶ˵ŰԶȥ
߷ϣնӿȥķüͷ塣
ˣ
˫ӷ£սĿϴٶȡôʤ
Ϣٶ𾪡
Ӯˣ
֮£ԲȻʤ֣ս
ڣճ쳣˸˵
ǰĿ⿴·ãŵȥ
һλˣȻᲹǱĵز߳ܡ
УһֱĽ
ڣλͷĬ˭ûӦ
ʲô
ɫϽɽɶ֪Ĵ£ֻҪλ׿ƣһλôǿ־𣿡
едգΪϽĵӰ˫ӷϣϴפԭ
߷ϣһ˸ҷ
󷽣ʱȴ
ȣ
ֻ´һûٶ˵
ԣȴҲΥǰӵȺ
ⲻϣһȣʮꡣ
ʮʱ䣬󲻶ɱǰֻǣÿһζʱˡ
Բսһλǿߺ󣬲ûзģķˣƺĴڡ
ʮʱ䣬£ٶͻ𾳽磬ǿ٣Ƭն
ϵǿڱϽϣǿͶҪΪ֮
ʮ󣬳õĲٶ˴ʮۣƺƵס
ϽĲ޵̫ãϵĴڡ
˫ֿսһΣء
ڣʤ˫ӷΧ󷨣ԿСù¡
죬ʮλ۷ľǿߣûٳĴڣȻҲ
ʮλ۷壬ͬСȴҲ塣
꣬꣬ʮ⣬գվǴ˲ʮ
һս֮󣬲ͬԪˣþûٷս
Ҳô˻ϢָԪ
ʮ꣬ϴûж벽˶֪Ϊʲô
˼Σȴûʳ𰸡
ÿһΣĻشֻһ֣ȣ
ڵʲôΨԼ֪
ٵˡ
ҹ˫ӷϣǰ̽ӻرЩһֱбѼ۰֮ڣһΣܻܿٵȥֻԴС
Ĭ֮󣬿ڵȣ

¶ɫҪ˵ʲôϡ
ȥɡ
¸ˡ
£תȥ
˫ӷ£ˣڵô˵
ȡ̾
ԣüͷ壬ڵʲôԮ𣿡
Ҳ֪Ӧ
˫ӷϣʱһչȥҲû¹˫ӷ塣
ǣ
ԲǧۣƺƵա
벹ͻεһشУһλ׳ֲ߳ʣǻҪڳɾҹ֮ϡ
𣡡
ǰλ۷ǿ߰
߰ɡ
𿪿ڣƽ˵һ䣬ǰȥ
Σ֮ڣǰδеĹģ¡
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˵һĻ򽣷ʣΪƣڱξ콾
߷ϣ֣򽣷ƿգԶ
⣬ǰƿն򽣷棬ɫ
ӣô
̧֣Ʊ仯֮ϣƻۣ¡
һ̣ĵľ֮£򽣷治ɢֻΡ
ֵΪɲߣһн棬С
˫ӷϣиУ¶ɫ
һӲɫ
׼Ӧս
ƽ˵һ䣬Ӱڿն𣬳ȥ
·켯۵ʮӭС
Ĳֲ࣬Ȼеı̵Ĳ࣬һ̣֡
ϣնӿǰӣɫû̫仯
ɫ
Уǰ׷ˣƽսʤҹ𣬱Ժͱƽƽԣһս֡
룡
ڣӦ
룡
Ӧһ䣬ٷϻϢӣս֡
£򷨾٣꣬Ψһķ
ڣȫֵʴ
ĶԿ귨򽥽ѹĽ⣬Ĳ࣬޿ֲ
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֮£޵Уɷâֺ
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̧֣һƣӭȥ
Ȼһ˫ƽӣֲĻ֮ӣֱԪ
˳ٲ졣
ΪӦòֹڴˣóȫɡ
£ǰˣƽ
Ը
ֲ̧ѪҪɽͻȻһ𣬿Զ
һ̣ңԶʣѿһ޴ĿӣӰ


1503 
˫ӷϣ裬Яѹ֮ս¡
£սֽͻȻ֮ϣѿĵӰ
ףնӿʣɫ¶һĨο
ˣ
ӴⲻǴ֪ôôǱ
ѿ֮ϣһǷ𣬺سЦ
ǣ֪ôˣֱ˴Ѫˣ
Աߣһ˿ڣ͵
ǾͲҪֻˡ
УΨһŮӿڣЦ֪Ҫæ𣿡
Ҫ
¶Ц⣬ҵǺܾˡ
ϣǳǧ䡢¡˴ǿϢÿһ˶֪֮¡
ǧУлԽڵ콾ˡ
£ǰˣ΢
ˣǸ֡
ָΪϵɱ
ΨдѪ߳ˣŻǿҵɱ
ԣ֪߳ߣĿ⿴ǰǿߣƽǿ
ǿ
ͷô򡣡
֪鷳ı£ԽԽˡǧҲǰһı飬˵
ɼЦ
֪˵̬ƺЩͬգ˲ϰߡǳǰƤЦⲻЦ
¡ǧش
ԭˡ
ǳȻ֪𣿡
սɽǿǰһĳ嶯Цλ֪һ󡣡
˵
ǳص˵ͷ㻹Ƿһǵ𣿡
ǵá׵
֪ô˰ɣǳ΢Ц
ѹӿЦ
λæˡ
̸ףǳ̬ȶʱı䣬
ǧӵؿһˣǽڵĳ衣
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þ˵ħκħҪ¡
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Щ˾ʲô
󷽣ǳǧ˿³֣ɫ
У¡ҽ棬֮չֲɺ֮
ħˣأȻĴڣݷ֮ϣ޿ɲȡ
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ս⣬ǳǧ䡢ս֣ɫ¡
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ǡ
ҡͷǰһΡ
ʲôԵеİ취ʵ
ӲƴӦ
ʲô취
ԱߣǳǴô꣬ʲôʱӲƴ
ӲƴÿһĶ֣ǿı̬
ȲҪˣҳָȡᣬ֪ǳٶ죬עʱ
䣬̧֣»ҫĿһԪͣ¾쿪
иУ¶ɫǿ
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⻮Ļǰֲܣ춯ء
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һ֮ɽͬʱâҫ۶Ŀ
֪ܣûָǳһشһԪޣٶȫַ˼١
䣡
ɫ󣬽âƿ򣬴š
ǿޱȵ춯أɫ΢䣬ԥֱץס档

滮Ѫǣ̶Ħɽݽһٴ۵Ѫ
֣Ѫ䣬ǰɽһ硣
壬һƺߣ˺벽
̣֮ս⣬ͬʱƿնǧ䡢֣˫磬
ʱǧ꣬ٶ֣塣
ɫٶһ䣬һȣϢˡ
ʮ⣬ͣΣѪδͣδͣ
תۣӰٶӳĽ֪
ǿƣֵ̧ˣ·硣
ս⣬ǳУǺһʱ֮ɫٶƿն
սڣᣬܿ⡣

£㣬ɫʱ
ɽѪȾ꣬ĺˣǿסΣǰ
Ľ಻ɫԽԽأһƸۣȫ淴ˡ
ϣ裬Ҫ֮ʣս⣬»ҫĿ߶֮ȫֹˡ
ݵĻᣬϢһͣͣ¡
ǰӰһӹɽϷâʢһš

ӿѪ˴꣬ɫ̧ǰˡ
ৣ
ʱĩ֮һնұۡ

ĺ쳹ʣұ۷£·
֣ڽɽˮīչѩīֱֱ֮üġ
һȥһδѣ㱻顣
Ѹ£Ӱ֮С
սУǧս쳣
Ҳûʲô˵ġ
ս⣬ǳҲǺ۹
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˵
Ӵ֪Űæ˵ֱӲˡ
ǳƤЦⲻЦ
ңл֮顣
ǰǳһл
ǳ״æ㿪ңһ
ˣˡ
ǰˣû滹ڴأǲæ𣿡
նӿ·ڵأ˸ģľͽԼˣܶȹѹء
·棬ѪǳɽѪ˳ˮȾɽ壬֮
һƽ٣ޡ


1504 ҹ̽
˫ӷǰսϴϲԷһıȴӲ˰ĳ
˫ӷϣӰΪһͷ׷˫նһ˿â
֪Ĳðæ𣿡ڣٴʵ
á
ҡͷɫƽϽһֱһԣϴƾ̱ֻҪϴΪǣ֤Լʱˡ
ͲЩһսд𣿡ǳڣص
ˣ
Ӧһ䣬չֳԸһ档
ЩѹضȲܸһ졣
ģҲӦˡ
󷽣һߵ£һĨΣ֪ӣ˭Ȱס
³Ĭû˵仰
ǿΪ磬ûлȥʸȻпᣬ顣
һԣǳǰɽǰ£Ŀ⿴ǰѪǳɽսɫҲƽ
֪˵ʲôʱͣǳڣ΢Ц
ôˣʵ
ǵǡ
ǳЦЦڣ˵ۣ񲻿ֻǾãǺܾûһúúȶپˡ
Ҵ죬ǳֺúúһΡЦ
һΪǳ̧֣
һΪ
ֻƣ
󷽣ǧ˲׵ĺ׳־ҲûгԴڵλһɺá
ǵȻ
Цºǧϵ֪бǸһõľдλѡ
Ҽˡ
ǰվڶǰƽǰ㡣
֪еأΪβӰӦñǡҲǰʳеʣ
ʦŰ뿪ˣҲ֪ȥε
еǸŮħͷˣ
ǳԣզ࣬ɫŹֵ㻹ŵģҲ»еǸŮħͷСŸˡ
Ҫ˵
εʦ߰Ȼġ
Ҳֻôˡ
ǳƲеĶڽڵʱжţһ첻µزµǰݸ̵˸㣬޲˵ö֮
ǧǰǰ˵ļζס
һĪ֮ɫЩһԴ
ߣЦ֪ĴϻۣӹɣǸ鷽棬Ȼǧ꣬Ҳû̫仯
ָһľϣʵЩǿѡ
˼ˣߵӣһ̾⻹һ
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ɽǰŵǧǳԣ¶䱸֮ɫ
ôֲõԤС
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ûȤ
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ҹɫ٣߷ϣˣڵλѣ߰ɡ
а𣿡ǳĵٴʵ
ʮɰաĵ
ã㡣
ǳһᣬ߰ɡ
΢䣬𣬴ǳǧȥ
߷ϣ¿ԶȥӰڵһ·Сġ
š
ͷӰȥ
ǰǳǧ䲢֪ҲˣΪû˵Ҳû˵¸˵ʲô
ս˳š
ϴĳɳٶȣ󣬲һθов
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ǳԣ֪ΪξǾԶԡ
òĿһĽ
ǰػأӹûоһ
徳ǿԼϢ¼̽鵽οͨʱշ򣬶Լó
˴ķģǰΰʱͣΡ
һǻǧ俪ʵ
ұߵġ
Ӧһ䣬Ӧ
ǳɫ΢
һõѡұߵԼһĿֲѹǰҪǿ֪ٱ
֪źεǿǿ
̧֣ڣϢȥ
ʱŤӰƾʧ
ߣ
ŤʱУ˳ұߵĻȥ
ǰû̫ȻŲĻһֱǲĽأ˸벽
ҹ֪ҹ̽Ϊס
˱ֱܿӳŲȥ
ϢѰݵ䣬Ƭ̴⡣
ʱűֵĿܣ̫ͣ
ҵˣ
һ۵ҩǰһҩϻһҩɫһ𣬴ˣ
Զǳǧɫһôף
λͣϷǺܾˡ
ʱϣһɣǰҩϻ𣬳Żȥ


1505 
ҹУǧ䡢ǳҹѰ䡣
Ҫ֪ҪʱڣһϢգӿ
ǰݷɳŻȥ

иУɫ΢䣬Ӱӹ̧ץݡ
Ჹɲܾ¡
ʱһ쳣ƾǰ֪
ɫ΢䣬۹ܿƾ
ۼݽʧ󷽣һīӰӹ׷ǰȥ
Ŷ
漴һǿƾƿնס
ǧ񣬸ܵƾľˣӲӣŲ̤תܿƿնƾ
Ƭ̵ĵ飬ٶʧǰǰ
ǵСү
ǧ侪ȵɫУǳӰɳߴж̧ץסݡ
һ̣ƾͬʱ
ΣͷӰǰ˫УӲС
һƣ䣬ǳƣͬʱȾѪ
⣬ǳӰͣ£Ż졣
ˣ
ݵ֣һתˡ
ǧ䡢ǳͬûжܵò֪벽
ˣ
ǳһеݣǰߣˬ㲻˵ʮİ𣿡
˵ĻҲšԶǧ䳰
ӹݣٶȸһɣǵĻࡣ
ǧ䡢ǳһۣͬٶ˵ר
ȻˣΪôż뿪
ʱ嫣һµϢ٣ֻ߳һߵ֮ǰ
ģǰݣеĲɣȴŨ޷Ρ
޾µĴڣĿ⿴ǰˣɫ䲢ûʲô⡣
ǧ䡢ǳͣ½Ųɫǽ䱸
λϢǿĲһ㡣
򲻹
һᣬӣ
ˣ
ס
ǧ䡢ǳͷӦ
Ŀɨˣɫƽ͵һλ
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´ǰˣڵ㣬
ԣɫɫȻ˫˿ҲúͿˡ
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лǰٶ
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еĳͬ
ôˡ
Щ꣬սΪһ𣿡𲻽
ǵǡ
ЦЦҡͷ˵Ҫս죬Ⲣ˵Ц
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˽̸䣬ԶһǿϢٸɱԡ
ǰиУɫпҪˡ
Ŀ⿴ԶڵҲҪԼְˡ
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𣡡
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䣡
ǧ仰䣬˫ӷϣͻȻһޱȿµϢ𣬾춯ء
иУɫһ䡣
һ̣ԶһֱûпڵϣҫĿϽ
ڣͬڣеǿĿԿ˫ӷ壬¶𺳡

˫ӷϣ겹ȫ˫Ի⻪ҫĿ


1506 
˫ӷϣ֪ȡݣָܴɡħ
ۣһݵȻ𣬹ҫ졣
һʱ䣬λվ˵ǿĿ⿴Ͻ¶ɫ

ʱأˡ
˫ӷϣҫĿյ÷Բһ
ǰǳ˿ǰ֪񻷣۾ͭһ㡣
֪ˣ
񻷣ՕDϼ˵ⶫΪɳɣһִӡ֤
ՕDǿǶʶضãݡ
עӵĿУʼ仯ɡħڣϿںϡ
ɲǼ䣬֮ϣһ޴ʯų֣϶ׯϣµϢ
صĿռ䣬صʯţʯǰ°׷Ӱ֣˫ǰʯţ¶ɫ
Ƭ̣ȥƿʯţʱ¡¡𣬳ŵʯŴ򿪣Ϣ
ʯڣ⻪ҫĿ쳣
⻪Уһΰ黯Ӱ˫ֱȻֻһӰȴѹŵϡ
ٴοϤıӰ΢΢в֡
ɽ֮
ڻߵ˽ա
ҫ۵Ĺ⻪Уɽ֮𣬻صһ·ɾࡣ
ࡣҡͷӦ
ǰࡣ
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Ϊλ
ʳеɻ󣬲˵Уɽ֮Ϲʱ䣬Ϊ˱²Գش١
˵Ǽ֪ǣɽ֮ӦѾˡ
һˡɽ֮ش
ԣüͷ壬ˣ
֪
ɽ֮
üͷ壬к⡣
ȥɣδ·ֻܳҪţһб㻹ϣ
˵䣬ʯڣɽ֮Ӱɢȥתۺ󣬳ʧ
в
ĻǺ⣿
˫ӷ壬֮ϣһõӰֻ֣˲䣬ʧ
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ȻȻˣϴܴܲԭܼ򵥣̫ǿˡ
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󣬲Уλͷɫ쳣Ƕͼò˵λʵ̫Դˡ
ǵҪսϣʵԲ
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£ʮ񣬹
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ҫ۵񻷣⻪ɣǿ춯ء
ͬʱϴٻӰ٣ħϻأ˵Ϣʤǰ
սƱá
ף
̧֣֮ϣױڣΪǧ룬ײ·


1507 
ǰʮս嫾춯ء
ʮϴǰ̧׽¡
ױڣΪһֻֻ룬ײ·
֮뱼ڣȻײ˲ϿյĴ
ʱĵ𣬲Χؿʼ٣ݵذɡ
ϣע·ƽɫûκβ
ղ㾹Ѿǿ˳̶ȡ
ǰ𿪿ڣƽ
лҩ֮µ˫Ҳܸɫ
ͷĿɨǰʮƽе𣿡
¶΢Цָ̡
ˣ㲻
¶֮飬׿͡
Ѿ֪꣬û˸Ʋˣ˳̶ȣʵס
ߵǰƽ
һɫ
˵Ľ̸ƵˣǶδĺѣԣǣǿ֮䣬ϧ֮顣
ϣ֣ʮսϵĽʿ̶ˣ죬ҫĿ
ʮ֣ףϣһȻޱȵ۳һ޴С
һ̣дѹ²
󣡡
һ̣УһϵӰ𣬶ʱܣǧƵ񽫳֣ʩΪ졣
ͬһʱ䣬ϿգʮλƾԻʮ񽫣ֵ١
䣡
ನ𵴣ķʮ졣
ٶܵ𣬵١
ɱ
֮ϣʮϴȫ湥ǰ޾µĲ̡
ǰƵĲٶȳ֣ϴ
սսʮսѪȾɳ
λߣΪףȫʿ䣬ԡѪս
ԴԴϵĲϴĳڽڰˣ¶ơ
ڲѵ֮ʱǰʮӰԻÿ˵Ϣ磬ˡ
ʮλսս̳ת֮ơ
ˡ
ϣսһĻֻӹٶ
󷽣ʮλ𹧾Ӱӳս֡
ʮλսסʮΪҵս
꾭Ӫϴչֳڲ۴սǶǿߵضá
ľ˾󣬶෽ĿƲĲսһˡ
ڣƵУλͷԶս¶ɫ
ĳսϡ
ٵˡ
һλͷڣ
ϣɫְɡ
䣬·ɫ£
ǰϴڵǿսѸٴݻ˲ڵĵֿ
սУ԰ټƵĴݻ٣
ܵĲѵϴķâĿĴ꣬ġ
ϣ·ɫûʲôϲɫ
ʵûչ֡
ⲻĴУδ¶
䣡
˼δ䣬·ͻȻҵ𾪵ĿУѿһܼͭս԰ټƣÿһսСɽӴ󣬾쳣
˰ټͭս֣ҫĿſ˾޿ڣӿ
̼䣬ϴҷʬǶû¡
ϣ״ɫһ
ˣ
֣ɽҪ֣㱻ǧ¡
²֣ǡ
ǧ˵һ䣬һ̤Ӱǰȥ
󷽣ƽؿһǰӣûж˵ʲôȥ
·λ»ͬʱӳͭս֮ǰ
ৣ
ʱϣһɫɳλӹײͭս
¡¡һͭսֱըƬ׷ɣ졣
Զǧ䡢ӰӹͭսϣҫĿͭսڡ
ͭսڵıԴȥӰȥ
Ƭ̺󣬱ըٶͭսըϯ˲ΧĲ񽫡
֣ݺᣬȥһһͭսը˷ҫĿ
˰ټͭս񣬲ʳϴͬʱҲɲڽ
䣡
ڰ˰ټͭս̱ʱ£ٶ
һľʮľףÿһľڽɢżΪµϢ
벽
µиУɫһʮλ벽
Ŀʮľ״򿪣棬ʮλŷ߳ɿݣȴ̲ױȵĿֲѹ
ˡ
󣬻еƽ˵һ䣬ǰȥ
ͷһ̤ȥ
ȻѾˣ
ǳڣ㲻˵̤ŵ𣿡
Ҳ֪͵ʦ뿪ʱȷʵŵڡش
ǳûٶʣǺɫâԻ
ǰеӰӹ棬ޡ
Զ¡ǧʮλ벽
ս⣬һ»ڣս֡
սϣͻȻһĿ⿴ʮλŷ
ʮһľ׳֣ľУһλŮ߳һϮ£òޱˡ


1508 
ǰս죬ʮλ벽֮һλµŮ߳ľףǿޱȵϢ
ǿҹǿһˡ
ľ߳ŮӣԽڵļɫһǰ
ϣӾâһţһ̤ǰ
ʮλ벽󣬺ŮиУ̧ͷӣԪһӭϡ
ݿ֮࣬档
򷨼Ĺߣ˲
ϣӰҫ¹
ݵ񻷹⻪Խң򷨲֡
ۼ䣬Ӱƽӣ񽻷档
¡һͷĿӣͬı䡣
Ůʽ仯ǰһԲ԰׵֮޾顣
У֮䣬ಫ
䣡
죬˾Ͷ㣬к춯صǿס
սУԽԽ
ǹŮ
Ȼ粻ͬʽս֮ǹŮû
Ϊλ
ϵϢҲʮأ䲻ʬѲеλŮӣȴҲࡣ
ΪôƵĻ֮䣬ʲôأ
˼䣬ԽԽأҪŪ࣬뽫ܡ
䣡
ʽӣֲĳΧнʿȫɳȥԿ
ժ֣긡
ʽ֣ƽȫۣҪǰŮӡ
ŮӲܣһƵ¹ƣͬʱӰУһ
ѹɽ̧ͷŴĺŮӣ˫Ԫ
Ϭʮʽ٣
¾ѧ춯أŭ˳ӭС
Ԫٶȳ˵ನϯƣɫ
ǿĶԾĴս˭û֣вס
ս⣬ǳɨԶսզࡣ
֪һҲ湻ݵģ
ôŮҲµȥ֡
䣡
ǰս֣ս¡¡쳹ʮ
ŮΪ߾һƣ֮޼᲻ݡ
Ȼ̫֪ۣ޳ʥ֮򷨲֡
ǿìǿĶܣһʱ
ǰӰ𣬲ǿλͷעһս
ʮأӾѳɳ˳̶ȣ澪ˡɫص
ɽǧˣˡƽ
֮ܣɷܴӣ

ҡͷλѾ׸֣֮Щˡ
ĬǿܣҪΪá
ǲܣҲֻʹٵˡ
ɲͷ̸䣬ǰսԽңȫʩΪѹºŮӵķâ
֮䣬ƽв
Ů޸У־ɱУһ˫ϸ֣ʤκ
沫ɱһƣ澡УûᣬһץסŮӼ
׹
°ˣҪסǰŮӡ
ľ죡
ѹ£ŮӲܣһȣͬһӲǵ¼ľ
Գ壬£Ӧ˱Ŀ
ľ˼죡
߼䣬Ůٶȱһĳӡ֪š
ȻӰ˳ʮɣԪ𶯡
ϣǳƤһ֪Ůˣ
ʮ⣬ǣһĨѪ䣬Ƭ̺Ԫʢ޸ơ
ˣŮĹľЩʧˡ
֪ŸʲôϰԼŶӮ̫ˣ
ϣǳһɤӣǧ˻ͷ

ֲѪӦһӰӳս֡
ͷ£Ů˫ƣ쳣˫ֽգһ֮Ѹڡ
һ̣սУӰͻȻʧٶȣ˲Ů
ţ
Ůɫ΢һƣǿƺ
˵ƾƿɿ죬ȴƾ͸Ӱʵ顣
һգŮɫһΪʱ̫
ߣӰԻٴֿ̧סǰŮӵļ
׹
һͬʽȴʤǰ
вĺŮѵֵ˾Ӳء
رѣŮǣѪӳҪˡ
ȻռƵûٸǰ߻ᣬһٶĳֱӽŮӺء
һսϵǳƤֱ֪СҲµȥ֣Ͳ°ѹŮ
ǰŮпȳѪ´رҳһ޴ӡ
УŮٶҪ֣ȴϿգһ׿£ֱӽС
һ̣Ӱ˫ֽӡʢ׳׷ס
һɣҴ²ٷ
䣬ףĿ⿴ԶеӰɫ¡
λôã𣿡


1509 ֮
ǰսʤŮӣƲǿλͷ
ǰλͷɫ£к
ڣߵһ
ɡ
ǰ˵һ䣬ǰ
Գ֣սϣ𺳣¶֮ɫ
ûг֣գΪλ
ǰûκξ棬Ŀ⿴ǰıӰ΢΢
λս
ǿսѰλӹɵǿߡ
ǰˣɫҲ¡
˵еǿߣ񻰵ס
̧֣ѹɽƾն
ǿߣд
սϣǿ߶ţ춯أվ˵ǿߣվ
룡
ûκĽ棬䣬սϣӰ˲ӳ
ǿ߽棬Ϣײ塣
˻ΪͶ㣬ذ
ǰδĶ֣ɻ磬һս߻ޣȫӭսǿĵˡ
֮սϦȭಫУнб
һԪǿΪһ޵Уÿһ£ֱӴһա
䣡
ʮн棬ɺƣ⻪ҫĿնħ
ȫȵĴսս߻壬գ۳
һһƵۻһһľޣսУӰϽʱգ顣
𺳵ĿУ˴ϴ򵽵£Χеȫ˴սನ飬һһس䣬Ŀꡣ
˽ս֮ʱǰµʾķ𽥿
ʮλ벽ս͸Ϲ֣Ȼطʱ಻۷塣
ڣƵУһһӰӳԲضĵ̣񳯾
սħ죬¡еħӿײûս֡
ħĴսǧڵľ콾˿ħһսѪȾǧ
սϿգӰȻײҫ۵Ĺ⻪ţ쾪˼䣬Ȼ
þĽ
ǰʵĴսɫ
սУӰԽԽ죬ԽԽ
ΪڴˣԸΪãУһϯ֮أֵ̧ɷâɫ
л⣬Ҽȴûͷ
䣬ұٴȻսֲָ֣Ȫ·
ɢ㵱һۣǣΪһܴ֮ܲ𣿡
Ҵһˡ
һ·ԡѪսĺǣͳƣͳζϽ̫ãʱĳˡ
ԣɫ׳£Ҫĳȹ˱һء
˵꣬˫ַתʱ֮ϣ״һ޴Ѻ۳֣¡
һ̣ϣһõӰ֣ÿһ˵ģɼҫʥ
죬֮
֮
ϣϿվ
˵еĽ֮У
ȣ
ǰҴ⣬һȣɽת򽣽ƿն
ɲǼ䣬ϣ򽣳Уݺύ˫
ƻ裡
սϣ˫Ʋϣ֮ϣ޴ѺУŭϯ˼䣬ֲܣԶ֮
ƽٽ·һ̤ӽա
ʱǧ죬Ӳĩպƽ١
֮£ѹǧ⣬赲ĺƽ٣¡
·΢Уὣǰ˫ֹҫݡ
Ǭתֻأ̫֮ơ
ƽٽ׿ħУħűں̫ϽʱһȻϯ
֮񻷹⻪ԽʢΧŵɹƾԻɹУſ񽣹⻪ҫĿ֮
һ˲֮󣬾ſ񽣳תڲãУתֻأơ
֮ϣ˵Ӧײֲĳ𿪣رɫ
ʤ
ǰʴս
ûн
ʣķ£Ӱӹһɢನ˲֪ǰ
ԪһƣХڶ
˫ƽӣԪʱ֮ϣӰУһ˶ˣٷ壬ɽ֮ʯ֮졣

·ͬʱ˻ͬʽֲڣȻǰ֪
⣬ͣΣѪ
˾ʱ޾£֮־֮ܡ
һ֮󣬾֮ϣڶӰˣƣ赲֮۵ɢ
з磡
·֮ͬУ˵ӳ֣ХХ졣
⣬ϮӰٶȱ˰ɣս֣֮Ⱦ졣
ǰʽбս֣ɫٴ
λĴ˵͵𣬿ϧ˳ɫɫôһ˲䣬ΪʷҪдˡ


1510 ǿ
ǰսսٱսÿһ䣬ʬǳɽ
ϣ֪սս
Խ˵ֲ֮Ի˼䣬
֮֮ƿֲ𺳣ӡ֤֮񾪹塣
սתش졣
ʮɾ룬עǰԽҫĿ
޳壬ԴԴϣƿٸԭ
ֻ˳̶𣿡
ʮ⣬ʮɾ룬ת
Ȼһƣʯ쾪ӽƾӻɡ
սֲԪһǰȥ
ƣԪӿһһ
֮Ӱӹٶȣ֮䣬ǰ
磬ɷӿˣȻǰƵԪϡ
µһ񽣣â˫صӣƲ
ü˫ֺϲɷâ
ɽɽ
ߣǰɽɫ
֣ĽĴɽıٶȥ
ǰɽ
ħ죡
ƣħʢɽתƣħǧ
ħ壬ħ죬˫۽ǿе·һ
սַֿʮ⣬ὣǰһ
̫ˣ
״һ̤ǰͬһʱ䣬֮ϣһõӰӰ磬һһɽ䣬ɽ֮ۡ
·֪֮ǰĲ˼顣
Ƴ̣δޣȭһУȻɢĽ⡣
⧲һȭӰֱӱ˰ɣԪӿ
޿ɲȵĲ֮оˣʽʽ仯Ī⡣
⣬ͣΣ̧ѹƣ֮ٶȿٸԭ
սбΪռݾƵĲƾ貹֮ȫѹ֪ķâ
ȻȻսռţɫɲ˿⡣
ǰ˻δޡ
ǰעϿյĴսüͷҲ
̫Ծ
λȻռƣǣܵȴԶԶûеôء
ˣֻһ
λ
ϣһ۾֮õӰƬ̺ջĿ⡣
һûг֣
̤ӰӳһԪһƽУ䡣
Ƶ¹ƣ֮䣬Ŀ⽻ɽתƣʽʽ磬ǰߡ
ͬʾһһعơ
УͻȻԻħ࣬һȭ䡣
˵Ĺƣɫȴκξţһȣӭϡ
һ̣֮ϣһӰˣӲϳߣ˲ߴɡ
ĩ֮£޴ĻЭ˲졣
·ħȭͷ䣬ܣһȭӭϣͬԻ޴ࡣ
¡һħ٣ħ֪ش
ɽѪȾ£⣬ͣ£ֲ̧Ѫ
ԭǲ֮ˡ
ӡ֤ԶŲ֮ʱλʽ൱ڽλͬʱ֣Ȼ
Լ㲻иɻ
ȣ
֪֪ˣأһȣħ֮Ԫӿ
֣֣תֻء
Уֵߵ֮ħϢתΪ޴̫ͼա
ڰ̫ͼתֻأؼԪ
֮У磬֮ϣƱա
սУ̫ͼ֮£һҫĿַ
Ŀ䣬һ̤ǰ
ɫһ֮һȭӲơ
κӿսУӰɽƽɫ

ǰ𿴵һĻɫһ䣬һ̤Ӱʧ
ϣκУ΢䣬תٶһն
ƽһûκα仯ֻնһ̣ȴ֮޿ɱá
֮졢׼Уһ̫ˣʱ䶼Ѿֹ
𺳵ĿУ򷨳ţ
նһٴĿѪţһµĽ۳֣ɼǡ
һ֮ɲûͣ£Ȫ·նʺ
ʱսУһӰӹֹܾʱӰ죬ս֡
̧֣½棬˳ս֡
һ˲֮ʱջָ˻ع˭֪ʲô
ϣ⣬ؿѪ£Ⱦ
һԣǰˣɫ쳣
һ˲λ̤ȫµ
Ҳڿ׷Ѱ
Σ𿪿ڣƽ
̧ѹƣûоܾͷԡ
Ǵ⣬ǣȷʵǸов
ǰڰ̫ͼ£ǰˣգڶɽԻ
룡𿪿ڣ
룡
Ӧһ䣬˫콣
˫棬ڰ̫ͼתսУڰ׽֣ͬǧǧʵѱ档
һ̣ɫ⻪ڣҫ۶Ŀ
򣡡
𣬲״ɫͬʱһȫ


1511 ħ
Ͽգվսȫ˫˫ͷڰ̫ͼƣˡ
ȫ۵ûѡսս֡
ǿλͷȫ֣սֶʱ仯
֣Ϊġ
˲Ϣ֮䣬Ӱ֪ǰһȭ졣
ٶȣ֮޼᲻ݣ֮ĿĿ׹⡣
̫ͼ£ܣɻӹȻ
һߣͬʱԪʯ쾪
ʹ¾ɣǿɵɽӲơ
˳棬𡢲ӰͬʱӶƲǿĹƣ಻ѹ¡
սģʹ¾ɵƣɺһһ죬˫ͬʱ趯˿·硣
죬ɽƺ쳾ǰƱ䣬񾪡
٣˼٣սϣλΪ⣬Ĳ˼顣
ÿһײϱѳһѺۣ⡢޼᲻ݡ
սΧһɽ屻˴սನ䣬ֻΡ
תۼ䣬н棬ٶ֮ѷָ¡
ͬһʱ䣬·ϣһԪϢԴԴϣ˲֮ǿء
ƾɽӰͬʱӹ¾ն䣬졣
ײֲĳ£Ӧ
ӿɳˣգٴ¾ɽϷâʢȫѹƶ֡
˫أһȣս֡
̤ڳʮɣһնڶ
ɢһ̤ǰ
ͬʱϣڶɱһȭ졣
ת˫˫Уħ춯ء
ҵս֣֪һ˵λս
ɫĹ⻪ҫ۶Ŀת֪˲Ϣٶʧ
Ӱ֣һӹƿա
䣡
죬½档
һ˲֮䣬ٶȻĽ棬ʱơ
͵ʱգ羲ֹԽʱ䷨ļ٣ٶȴƽ֣ٲǰһĿѪ
ʱ󷽣ǧأһȭ䡣
˫Ȼһ¹ơ
˰벽Ӱٶϣױڣ籩ꡣ
ͻȻУӰٳ֣⡣
ľ֣˫ƿգǿƷˡ
ɫ΢ܿʧȻ
̤Ӱǰ¾ն£ɽ׹
ֵ̧У¡һӰ׹
ϣӰٶӹ˫ϣ˫ƿն

ֵغУ绮գն׹
׹У𣬽һ̤ա
ⲻϣ˫ӰΣ
һһѪɽȾ
ͬʱ˫ֵһ̣󷽣ƹ磬
ժ֣
ƹ벽ˣһƣӭϡ
˫ƽӣϯ˹ನȺƵ
𽣣
һ̤·ǧڰ׽ƿն𺳡
ɫһ̤ˡ
֣֣Ӱӳٶǰ
ǧУܿؽ⣬δɽǰ
Σֱ̧ץסɽ棬ݽһٴ۵Ѫ

壬ĿǰȾѪɷʤ
һԶս֣֪ǽѹλͷķâռϷ硣
·ڶǿ߿ս֣¶𾪡
֪Сô׺
ǳƤֱ֪ս̫ˡ
ˣЩˣȥ
ԶǧӽնɱһλĿ⿴ʣ
ǳͷǺƿա
սϣʮλ벽ĹŷϹս룬ʣµļҲܴᡣ
սǰеԡѪܶһɫȹȾѪԼĸе˵ģΪ˾սȻһС
Խڵĺȫ޶ȵļϵѹȫȫӦλͷ
ȥ
ٶնɱһλ벽Ϲֺ󣬻еϵƣ̤ʡ
·¼״𣬽ͬʱһ̤ͬս֡
ʱⳡսˡ
ħͬʱʣ߿֮ϣʱħ죬ա
״ת߶ħ
̼䣬ħ죬ħ
ǿħ¡еħԴԴӿء
󣬾޴ħͬʱ֣ħʱ
սУ𡢲ܵǿħɫһ
衢ڤ
еỨ֮ᱬħ޵ſ޶Ŀ
ĩ֮񣡡
ԶʮӣƮ㣬ħƼΪħ棬ơ
˫ħչǿħм䣬˫תƣһ̽仯ɫΪħ
һ˲֮Ӱͬʱʧٿս֡
𡢲ɫ΢䣬ҪУ֡
ħӰ켫Ѹħ𵴣
·׼ʱһȣ֮Ԫ»ʢӿ
ɲǣΧվֹ
ৣ
һ̣֮ϣɽȾ졣


1512 ˷
Ͽգһսħ¼ս֣ͬʱħħͬ죬ħݡ
ħͬһʱ䣬߻֮䣬»ӣӡء
һ˲֮䣬ħӰӹɫͬʱһȾ
˵һĻͷܴǿܿһȴ˲ˡ
¡е󣬾޴ħ𶯣µħԣʤκħ
սģ򣬺ڰ׽ݺᣬսַ
ĿĽУħӰϻȫۣսȫ
ħ֮𡢲ȫƣȻرʧݺĺڰ׽УֻһѪɽĲѵħ˹ƣϼˡ
սУ״ɫ΢һ׹ƣΪ°ơ
ĩ·ˣ
ײӿĽУӰǰɡ¾ƿڰ⣬ҫۣն
˵ɽǧƵĺڰ׽Уһ֮ս¡
˵У죬ɳɡ
Զֵ̧½⣬ٶشĲһˣǰȥ
ʱ֮䣬һħӰĩ֮񻮿գ
ɫ΢䣬Ӱ۹ܿħ
³ס֮ʱ󷽣ħӹỨַ棬նܴĲ
ɱǿѹƣ˲֮
ʱԪʢ˫ȻỨâ
ħԪһ˲һӰƾճ֣ԷӦ
ɻһδһۣͷ­ѪȾ졣
ϣһɫ⻪֪˫Ϊɫ
ɫ⻪⣬ɫħ糱ӿħ춯ء
սɳҪܡ
ȻѾΪʱ̫
̧֣ħӿֱӽû
Զɫ΢һȭǰħߣǰ
ӽݺᣬˡ
󷽣¡еĿ⿴ǰɫûаִ⡣
˵ʵǿڲ֮ϡ
ʮ⣬·ҵսгһ̾ˡ
ǳˡ
Ƭ̺Ŀ⿴ǰ׷ˣڵӮˡ
δܡ
ƽʵǿġ
ƣ֮ɫˣʱûȵλã꽻ɣ뿪Զٻ
ԣĬãͳ꣬ƽϣ˵
ӹ꣬ȭһûٶӰȥʧ
ô뿪𣿡еǰʵ
ʵɲ⣬Ǻס
ƽǿߣ˽ƵĽõġ
еͷûٶ˵Ӱʧ·ս֡
ս뿪ңȺ֮£ڽڰˡ
İ޿ɱ⣬Ͻ޾µĲҲߵ˾ͷ
ҵĴսһֱһһҹսٱ˲ÿ䣬Ϊ档
յĳٶʱսֹͣܣǲԫϱڣյĻԻ͡
ȥĲǰĿ⿴ǰַп֮ɫ
ڣ
δ·Ȼܳǣվ̤Ҫһ
̧֣¡¡𶯣һʯεضƵĴ
ؽǰߵ֮ۡ
󷽣ʮλϽʿһĻ¶֮ɫ
ˣ
Ǵİλߣмڡ
ʮǰǳ죬붼ǻôһա
Ͻ죬Ϣ糤˳һ㴫𾪡
ʮպؽĲǰԶϽɽɵǰͬݶϽµͳߡ
һʱ䣬֣¡
ۣ֮ǰһƣۣ
ǧսδֹ֮£׹ֺֹ
ǰԶɫκβ
ܿˣɴΪ㣬ʼս
Ҫ˭ֹҲС
ͬʱ߸ǿĴ̵֪ϢȫĿ⿴Ϸ
ȻˣʵԤϡ
䣬ǳ˿Ե߸ֵǿߣҲӲˡ
Уǿ߳ŶϷȥ
ǰҲܵԸĿ⣬ȴûᡣ
Ҫʱ䣬սֹڣҪʱ䳹ƽϽķ
պ󣬲ڣֻף⿪ϵķӡ
ʱĹ׸ǱɣһλŮӳҪˡ
ֱ֣ӿסŮʺħӿסŮӵж
˵˭
ڣɫĮ


1513 ˷
£һֱʣ¶ȴǸϡ
У°׷ӰпһλŮӵʺһɱ˿Ρ
⣬ǳǧ˿һĻɫһ
֪Ҫʲô
ԣǰȰ֪ĪҪ嶯
ڣħӿעǰŮӣ˵ɣʲôˣ
Ůûлشһ㣬Բ
ʱǰһͷѪħ߾һ
еƽɡ
˵꣬е֣ħԪӿûŮӡ
ѻ֣ףʼ𶯣ռ䶼Ť
Ůһնгʹ֮ɫ
е֣˿û飬ѻȫѰŮӵļ䡣
һԣȴⲻ
ŮӲòϢ͹ŮΪƣʵ֡
ʬѲеŮӣѾλ͹ŮһŮӡ
쳣ɵˡ
ǣŮתҲ͵İ취
ֻأѵĴ
ãе֣𣬵ֻһЩ£ŮȷǵظĹŮ
ԣ𣬹Ȼˡ
ŮѾˡ
еƽʶҲֻǰĵӰ׼δã
ҵŮ׿ɡ
˵֣꣬׳֣ŮӷӡС
ȻƱ䣬˷׶֮ϣһӰ֣ǿޱȵϢ
ڣףʣ΢΢
ˡ
⣬ǳҲܵʵĿֲϢɫ¡
Ļͦ죡
֮ϣλǿޱȵϢ·
һ
λУһλӿڣɫĮ
ڣеλգħӿ
ʦ㣬Ҫ嶯
ֹ̧Ůӣ΢Цп˵Ϊˣʧ
䣬󣬷޴ķſչֱʡ
һ˲Ӱ־֮ϣָ
棬λǰµӶһ
λ򵥡
͵ʧԶӭ¡
ǰλʹߣ΢Ц
˲𣿡
λʹУһλŮӿڣɫĮ
ǣ
ûз񶨣Ӧ
Ůüͷ壬һ̤Ϣתѹǰߡ
ѹ£޶ԣһڣֱƿ
Ůɫһ䣬²ò˺벽â
λǿ߼״ɫ΢ǿĽ⡣
ԣ
ʱһԣһλº߳һȣӰӹһȭ
ʯ쾪һȭ羪Σ飬䡣
ǰܣһȭӲС
Ŀʱرɫ񱩵ѹ񵴿
ºӽ˺벽ұһ顣
֮ɵĹ·硣
ܣڳλԽ𾪣Ľ棬ɾǰˡ

һ̣µˣһˮӿ̹ǡ
΢Цת۵һ˲ǰָԪѩ졣
µɫ΢䣬ˮѸٱ⣬Ƭ̺Ȼ顣
ָǿ˳Ϣ𵴡
Уλȫܣ˵սˡ
·ϴ¶֮ɫʵ޵С
ϣλǿ߻һۣԥϢȫͬѹǰߡ
΢䣬һ̤֮ϣڰ̫ͼ֣Уһڰ׽֣λǿߵѹ
˵һĻλѹ֪սУڰ׽˵Ϣȫ赲⣬Ժֺ֪
ǻһ
ƽ˵һ䣬Ϣһһڰ׽Ȼˡ
λȫɳȥ¶ɫ
Ϊȴɨأλɫֱ䣬û뵽λʵ˿¡
ô֣Ĳ١
ʱ֮ϣһϤ𣬴䡣
·ǳµԣĿ⿴ʣ¶ɫ
ˣ
Ŀ֮ϣһ޴ĺǻѿǻУһӰ߳ÿһλϢ쾳ˡ
ħӿһħԪеǿڳֲħѹڳˡ
ϣиУɫһƬ̺ع񣬹ӭʦ𡣡
˼λǿ߷ֿ󷽣߳ǿޱȵħӿȣһѹ£졣
һʱ䣬˷ǿ˵ĿⶼϷ¶𾪡
ǿħ
𣿡
֮ϣĿɨ·һ£ħѹض
·λǿвԾ־壬ɫȻ
˼ǿ̴ǿϢԶǧ֮ǰ
֪
У꿪ڣһװӢˬ΢Ц
ɣʢˡ
¶Цݣ
ʦ
ʱһεٻӰɳ˹

סѾͷЦص㣬ˡ
һЦʦˡ


1514 
Ͽգ˼ĺۣǿݣȻ̵ʹ߶ܵ־塣
һλλ˼ǿߣȫﵽ쾳ǿľħ𣬸ǿħӿʮء
˼λѵû̵߽ʹĿ⿴ˣλ£ͲˣЩʱգ԰ݷø̡
Ʋ߽ʹҲҶȥ
ȥջĿ⣬ǰ˼λǿߣ΢Цӭ졣
ϣ¥˿·İ磬¶Цݡ
˴д˼ǿǣǸмȴû˵̫ࡣ
սٶۣԵ顣
Сʦ
ԶİȥĻ
ԴЩӣԲԡ
ҺġӦ
ЦЦҲ˺ܶࡣ
ԶһϮɫȹĻеˣûǰ
ԶħҲеη壬ҿ̫
Ͱк󣬾ֱŲԶĻеȥ
ЩӣˡǰŮӣ
ӦΪ֮¡
еɫƽ
ǰ˺ѣǧ䡢˿˼λǰá
ߵǰɫʦ𡣡
Ĳ
ӿħУĿڣƽ
лʦ佱
Ӧʦָм
ԭʼħ˼ʱƽһ̡˵
ԣ¶ɫʦ˻⣿
Ŀ⿴ʣиоܾ֮ˡ

һ𣬵ʦǸܵʲô𣿡
ֻжѾ̫£һΣҪ뿪ˣɫƽ
ʦԪΪλˣɫ£
Ԫ
ĿԶ٣˥ħˣѻ̫̫ã
ܱܿ𣿡
ûбҪˡ
ƽ͵֮ʱѹȥΪʦΨһǣң񿴵ѳɳˣΪʦҲͷˡ
΢΢ʹȴҲ֪
˾ȥǣңҲ壬һ죬Ҳѡɡ
֮ǰԸٱá
ʦ֮ϣеֹʦѵ뿴ͷʲô羰𣿡
ŲģǿȰ
ӡ
ȻΣ߾λڤ޵оʮأ֣иֶܵ
ĬԶԡ
ߴʤ񣬳˹¶ˡ
ĿңԶʣڤֻǾ֮ͣΪҪһһΪϣУϣսʤˡ
˵ջĿ⣬ǰӣΪʦһʱ䣬ڴ֮ǰΪʦɨƽ졣
˵Ľ̸ܵռ䷨ƣûеǰ˼ǿǺѹ̹λ
ܣһεضΡΰ
պ󣬲һطӡڣУٶȱչء
Ŀıչأеаˡ
ʦ
ʱ󷽣һ䣬Ż
ع񣬿ǰѾͷ飬΢Цôˣʲô𣿡
㲻˵Ҫȥ̰ݷˣƲƲ죬
û
ȥ
ҲҪȥԸµ
ЦЦ˵ȫƿط˱ԴﱾԴ𣿡
ġСԴ
ͷЦǱһȥɡ
ԣü䣬ЦС绨һ㡣
ǰٴοһ󱻷ӡɫ΢תȥ
ϣһЩ١
ڣ۾Զȥӣһ̾
ӣ
ǧǿ
ʮպϷ񳯣Űء
񳯻ʹĻԻͽһһ޾£㲻ࡣ
ۣ֮ǰܵԶٽǿϢɫ΢
ˣ
׳۵Уһλλ񳯳Ӿÿһ˶֮ϣϢǿ쳣
񳯻ʳǣȥͨ˲
ʳУУȴ۾ˣ䱸쳣
Ǻλƽİ׷ӣ
һλѪۣǷǶһɱġ
мӵУ쾳ǿߣȻǰȴûһ˸ҳ֡
պ߹ǣһ񳯻ʹ
ɽ񳯻ʹУȻ񽫰һ˸
Уۿǰİ׷ӣ΢΢
Ǵ˵е𣬹Ȼʢ顣
ĿĿ⿴ϵۣƽ
ˡ


1515 
ϴĿ˸Ұֲ
֮ǰۿǰ׷ӣϵɫݹ٣ʧԶӭ¡
УעŴϵ֮ƽԼǰݷá
˶ӣǿϢײ
ԣڳɫ΢
˵һĻڣҳ˲䱻ݻ٣ѵ
ϢĹ򣬵ڳȴ·Գֲѹ
ʮϢ֣֮ɢನ΢ЦΪɲ⡣
Ϊ𺳡
ǰ۵ˣ
ǣ
УλһΣڳ֮ǰ
л
лҲûпߵǰ¡
Ҳȥɵվں󷽡
֮ϣۿ·׷ӣڵ̶̲һӵʱ䣬Ͻ򣬵Ӣ۳ꡣ

΢Цͳǧ˸ҷ˾η
ҡ۵
ϣԣ𣬵˵Ц
ҲЦЦû϶˵ƹĿ⣬Ůӣڵλǣ
ĵӡ
΢Ц


ĵӡ
ԣɫǰŮӣ۲֮ɫ
̨⣬þ˵ʡ
ʡ
ʱУһλ۵߳ҪС
ۣ񡣡
ɫ΢䣬ʲôݣôһС֡
ϣ¶Ц⣬ؽ⣬̫ӣӮ˱ĵӣǿָ㼸С
̫Ŀ⿴Ůʵ¶ɫ
ȥ̫ӵ̼Сڣ΢Ц
ǡ
ͷߵм䣬̫ӵ£롣
̫üȴ߳ڳǰ߳ڵ롣
˶ţսһ
Ƭ̺Ӱͬʮ֮䣬潻
ƾݺᣬͶ㣬
ݽ棬Ϊ֪̫һȣڣƬնʼŤ
𡣡
״ɫڼˡ
֮
춯أ棬ܵǰĿ£ɫҲһȣͬڶ
ǿ֣ͬʱҡط򶼷·Ҫȼ
ɲǺɻȻײ𵴣󺣡
ϣͬʱ֣´սನ
ڳ𺳣̫ӵµΪǺȻҲԶˡ
λĵӣܺ̫ӵսƽɫʵ𾪡
ӿĻУӰ֣ᣬ
ע̫ɫ
Ѳѷɫ𣬿Ҫ򶯱Ҫ취в
ף
սУ̧֣֮УʱϿգ״ڱ
ڣǧۣӳ֣׻ͬУǰ̫ӡ
̫ɫ΢䣬˫˻𣬻Ϊһ޴̣ӲС
ˡ
ʱϣֱ̧֣ɢȥͷֹս֡
ԣҲûսȭһת߻ء
սУ̫Ӽ״ҲϢһ˼߻ڳ֮ǰ
սҲԼ뿴ĶŴϵۣ΢ЦͻȻ£Ͳˣǡ
ߡ
ϣҲûվƽ
ڡ
˵һ䣬תȥ
ϣ첽ȥ
ڳǰ̫ӿŮӣ¶⡣
ۣ
ǰۿڣƽˡ
̫ӻع񣬹֪
λδ񳯵ĴС
עԶȥӰ潻֣Ҳûʮİܵס
·ڳԣɫһ
ʣһҪΪ𣿡
̫ӿڣвʵ𲻾ã񳯿ʾ⣬λá
ԣüͷ壬ʾãôʾã

̫ɫ
ǣ߳ʹ󣬶жȥ
ʦղŸֹңҶҪӮˡСв
˼ҵϣ˼ҵ̫ӣʣ˻һЩΪá΢Ц
ƲƲ죬Ź֣ǲڴʲộ
ã񳯻ôǵĹϵʵ
ǵ磬Ħ⣬Ȼ˭ȭͷ˭˵㡣ɫ
ǰ
Ц֮˺˯˭ȴÿ˶
˵꣬׿Ρ΢Ц£񳯻᲻뻢ıƤĴ£


1516 
ع鲻ã񳯵ʹ߱
ʹߴ񣬲⣬
Ű֮񣬿ڵҪȢ㡣
ô񡣡ƲƲ죬
˵Ī뻢ıƤĴ£û뵽ۣ޴ľ΢Ц
ʦɲҵơһ֮ɫ
ǵȻ
ЦЦȵȰɣ񳯻ʲô
պ񳯺ϽҪϢƣҪٳɴ¡
ĴԣϲȴҲ񶨣·Ĭ˴ԡ
ϵĬϣôԽԽ࣬ϺϽ򣬼е˶Ϻ񳯽Ҫ
˶ģڰӣΣ
֪㾿ʲô
¥ְ壬ƽڵʵ濹񳯣ΪҪЩ֮¡
ϵĿ꣬һ񳯡
ֺ壬΢ЦΪʲô¥Ӧ֪
Ϊһˣϧٵһأ֪ݵˡ¥ٴӣп
˲Ҳˡ
ºӣȥг·ңٱ
꣬һ֣ʤ֡
ŲˮΪ˷衣
ˮ嵭ƶ񤣬Ʒ˼˲١
˶ɺã֪˼ң
¥һڲˮ֪̾Ҫ֮·ûкô
л¥ѣס
вˮһˡ
¥Ŀ⿴ʣΪʲôô޴֮ˡ
뻢ıƤͲû
ϿգһϮ۵̫ٴδ͵
ݼ
̫ӿǰ׷ӣ
̫ӵ¿
ǰַǰ̫ӣ΢Ц̫ӵôˣ
ˣҪףȢĵӣ̫ɫ
ԣ¶Ϊ֮ɫ£²ôס
̫Ӳ⣬Ժ⣿
̫ӵֱۣ̾ѾͷԸ£͵ܳȥˡ
̫üд¡
̫ӵµϼգѾͷܻأ̫ӵһɫ
̫ԣ˵ͷˣˡ
ӦΪ֮¡΢Ц
ֺ˼䣬̫ûٶ׵Ķȥ
ص񳯣̫ӽĻתǰüͷ塣
ĵӣ治ڲۿʵ
ڡ
̫ҡͷ꾳ûиܵʶ
ףˣȵȰɡ
˭û뵽һȣʮ꣬ʮʱ䣬ϳƽϽΪһ
ʮ䣬ŴǰȥϽߴ٣̫Ӷ˼ˣվΪʧ֮
Ծ
ϣʶ֮λΪҪԼĵӣʮ궼ҲѵϸԸ
ϲԸ⣬Ϊβܾ̫Ӳ
Ҳ벻ͨĵط
ɫصϵʵʮǰ㲻ʮȻϸͳһȴҲǿ٣ʮ꣬û̫塣
£
ʱһλ̽ӴϢǰǰ̫Ծأش顣
˵ʲô
ǰԣ¶ɫȥ̫Ծأ֪ԭ򣿡
˵ĵ̫ԾأصʱλҲ˼صˡ񽫹
ɫֱ䡣
ش
ʣ
֮£̫ɫһϣٴס
ǰۻعĿ⿴·ӣ۶ûĹؼ𣿡
̫üʲô˼
ˣ
۳ֻҪʧ׳ΪһɢɳʱϽȺףֻҪץס˴λᣬһԾΪΨһĵһС
Ҫñ̫𾪵

ȷƾж֮ǰᳯ۶Ƹȥף̬ǿӲЩ̬ȣô꣬޿λôӦԡ
ǣ
̫ӹ
ۻ֣ϣڣһ¯̫ӡ
¯Ϊ߶¯ѹһڴ¯䣬ȫ൱޳ΣסôأһὫɱ۳
̫ӽӹ¯ɫ˱䣬վǵͷӦ¡
ʮպ󣬲ǰ̫Ϊף񳯵׶
ǰһϮµ֪ӭ̫ӡ
ͬһʱ䣬ǰ°׷Ӱƾն֣˫ħ棬ħˡ
ʮ꣬뿪ʮ꣬ϧǰ̫ԾأΪ˶ΪѰһ
վҪˮˮʮꡣ
ϣۿǰˣɫһ䡣
ˣ


1517 
ħ죬֪ħħ֣ͬͻȻκס
ǰۿˣ¶𾪡
ʩչӡռ䡣
ͻɱɫ£Ŀ⿴ǰ׷ӣǺ⣿
˲˵У
ڣƽ˵һ䣬һħӿ羪Σˣġ
ԣħħͬʱӿսȫ˿֡
䣬Ӱ붯棬âҫĿ
ǰɫһԪӿʢ
¡һƽӣǿӿҵ
һ˲ͬУеͬʱУ磬
һ䣬ԪתԪӿ
ٶȽ棬ħϢ𵴣ǰһɽ֮ϣɽƳɽᴩǰԪϡ
ǿƷѵħޱȣ۶ơ

ܴ죬¶ŭɫһȣɫ
޾˼Ϣ̷仯
ǿħ̱´

Ӱӳ羪ΣǰŮӡ
е֣ȫۣӲС
Ԫеħһ졣
󷽣̤ǰ˫սĩ֮ն¡
񱩵ĽѹնԪȻײˡ
ನ𵴣˫Ѫɽڱѿ
ͬʱӿУ۽ܵħĳϢҲһ˿ȡ
һ̣еһľ֣Ϣ˲
ľ򿪣ɳڱս֡
Ԫ֣רſ֮Ϊ֪ᣬ־ܡ
ʱܵԪʴ𶯣ֱ֮
˽ɢɽͬʱ˫Ľ棬ֱӹš

ۿһƺߣħ壬
սΣ۲ӣ̧ץסɽâԪһƣ淴˶
棬Хڣֲ¶ȷ󺣣ȫѹ¡
ƾ춯أϴǰ̫ò֪ǿٱ֮䡣
״һ̤˳ս֡
ħΧսģһӿȥһۻϢ
е¿ӿ棬һۣͬʱơ
̼䣬Уɫˮ֣ȡ̫Ծص֮ˮħѹǰۡ
ˮˣʥѸɢ
ɫ䣬ˮ
ᣡ
ʧһ˲սУħӰͬ磬
ħɽնĿһ˲ɽܴһ
ϼˣһģһѪŻ
裬ƽ
֣еһ˫תƣƿգնǰۡ
һߣ˫ħʮնעȫħڽУһն¡
Ǭ˵ħ谭ٶȱ
ɫ΢䣬ԪӲС
Ԫħҵĳ˿ͬʱ졣
зӰ
һ̣ذӰӹɽǧ֮
ɱ̧ץסɽ棬һˡ
ɽѪȾɽǿֹסƣһĳǿƻС
ƼӰӦɢʧ
ͬһʱ䣬Ӱƾն֣һ磬ֱӹǰߺġ

ɽȾ죬һͣŵؿǰĽ棬ӽʧȥʡ
ɽħӿǿйǰڡ
أٶȻָ⻪ֻһ̣дһ˿ħ
߰ɡ
֮£ӽһնգС
󷽣е¸ϣһͬС
뿪֮⣬ָˡ
߻ػ󷽣λ񳯹ǧٿ׵Ĵ¶ɫ
£
һλڣ
°ɣ
ƽ
ǣ
һλλȥ
񳯾֮ʱ̫׶֪ңԽӴ
˽̸ãͻȻѪӿһĨ̬ĳ졣
̫Ӽ״𣬸æǰôˣ
¡
ƿǰ̫ӣ䱸֮ɫ
̫ӽץסǰˣԪ̽룬鿴ơ
ɫһ䣬¶ŭɫ
ԭˡ
̫ӱҫ۵Ĺ⻪һѿסǰֱۣʢ
һ̣̫ϿգһӨ¯֣ӿѹ¡
̫ӵ£Ǻأ
ʱڣ˵һ䣬ֱ̧˴¯


1518 ƽ
̫ͻȻ֣¯ѹ£ǿƷѡ
ⲻϣ̧֪¯һӿ˿ơ
ؾ䣬һ˲УһĨεӰ߳һڣ֪
֣ʱڣ󺣣춯ء
֣̫ƣһ汻ѹ£Ƴ֡
ʾʹ˱ƣ̫һŭȣ߶۴ǰ¯еĹ塣
֮䣬Ͽգʢ漱ӣѸѹƷ档
ף
У״ʩΪԪ죬֮֮ܡ
ۼ䣬Ͽգױڣ
¡һӳ֣׻ӳ¯֮ϡ
ֲĳ¯֮
УݺᣬӦ
񽣣ᣡ
ɻնｻڣΣǰ
̫ɫ΢䣬߶¯ٵ
٣̫ܵ죬
̫Ӻˣ֮ȻһӲ¯
¡¡𶯣쳹أҵĳ̫ˡ
¯ϯԶס
ƾˣȻվԴ߶Էȫ
ػ¯ϲԻ
̫ϣԽԽأҲԽ塣
췣⣡
ʱϣϻ̧ۣҫ
̫ӿһƺߣش
һ̣սУӰһ磬ٶɱ
Σһ˲¯Զǰ
ǣ
һ̶𣬽ܵػ¯Ѻ۳֣Ȼ顣
٣̵ӿֲܣء
ɫ΢ὣǰӲ档
٣ǿ֪ҲԪ𵴡
ʮ⣬ͣΣһ̤Ӱٶӳ
ĽĿ䣬̫ǰ
ɽ磬һѪӿȾ
̫һͣʺѪȪӽ
ʱǰħӿ߳Ϊף°׷ӰӹսС
֪ںϣ֣ԴԴϵħӿ̫ڣס
ʱ̫˫ָʣħԽԡ
պ̫Ϊ׵׶ȥػ񳯡
ʮպϾ񳯣
ǰ۾Ŀ⿴·ڳƽ
һ䣬Уڳ¶𺳣Ժ⣿
£ɰѵΨΣ֮ʲܼᡣһλԪ߳
ض˵
Ѿ
ڳĬٶԡ
һպУһټ񳯸񽫡
ºϿգǧ񽫼ᣬսʱ޾£䡣
ͬһʱ䣬ǰǧսͬᣬϰսȫۡ
սأ˶ΪϺ񳯽һս
ǧһ·ϮԼٶȽϸأĿս
ⲻϣڸΪϺ񳯽Ҫƴһʱǧ񽫺ǧǿսͻȻϣѸײڶ֮ƵٶȳڶסϿա
ǣҲǿǿ֮˴ǿ֮һǧַ
񳯣ϡַѣͻı¡
սһǧ֣󺣣ǷԲʮﶼΪ˻𺣡
Уһλλ𼶱ǿ֣߳ÿһ˵ݶ쳣粻֮иȫʱò
սϽǿ֣ͬ򶫷ס
ʮʮҹǼΪ˽£ǽڽڰˣ˲ء
ʮʱ䣬𼶸սʮλλ۷һ
ʮպ󣬲ǳƣ񳯺ϴУѹķ
Ȼ벻ǣǵĳȴʼûгֱ֣ƣû
ǸϢ糤˳һ㴫죬˷𶯡
ûҵ𣿡
УѾͷʵ
ûС
ҡͷ֮Ӧ뿪ˡ
ԣ΢΢𣬲֮ʧ٣治һϢǿߣδܳ鷳
˼ˣַתҫĿ컯ƾն
һ̣鷭ת־֡
ϣһɫֳ֣ܻ

飬Ŀ⿴򱱷


1519 Ӿ
ϺѸײڶ֮ƹ²ǣ𾪡
һ̣ɽɲŷӦǰϺ񳯵ľֻƭ֡
Ȼڴ̷ӦʱȻΪʱ̫
ǱƣϺţ
ʮصƽⱻƣֶ̿ʱ
Уǧսǧ񽫾͵ָԪ
ڣеԴóӴԴѻ£Ϻ񳯵ѸٻָԪ˸ǽͻ𾳽硣
˵ľٶʮصĵ̣һҹ֮䱻ӻһգ񵤴ҩȫ۹ͣ
һʱ䣬˶ۺ֮
Ȩߵľٶսⱻ޶ȵļĿıΪ˳ֻҪսܵõ˶񵤺ʹҩ˭ܾջ
̶ʮգָԪٶȻӾϡ
ʱ𾪡
ڤ֮ǰһ·ݿɱڤֿ㱻
˵ľ棬ڤڤɽ
ڤƣڤ֮ӱչǿƹض
ؼʱ̣ϴУе߳ħ죬񷡣
ħ֣־սڤϿգݺᣬƽһһɽ塣
ֲĴս쳣ڤ֮Ϊڲ֮ϣħ֣ռϷ磬ȴԸڤ֮һ
һ̣ϴУɫƿն׷£һһ
ȫӦսڤ֮ûв·ɱӦʱѾΪʱ̫
ڤ֮⣬ȴѵµɫ룬Ѫɽ졣
ͻı״ƽ֣ܴڤ֮㣬Ԫһ𵴡
սУħ״ħ֣ͬڵƮ㣬ʮգħȫۣӰӹ
У춯أħУɽħƿ񷣬նǰڤ֮
֣ڤ֮ԪƵỨ֮ĩֻ֮ǣɱУȻ
ħУɽƿնֱֱڤ֮š
һϹţ죬Ȼ֮Ҵâ֪޸󣬷âѷ
ɽ֮ɱɷ֮ħݿ࣬˲ڤ֮һǡ
̧֣ħӿȻһӡڤ֮飬һ
ڤ֮һй⻪Ѹȥ쳾һۣ˵壬
ʦ㡣ڵ
еͷҲûжԣǰ̧𣬾ħ֣߱Դ
һλǿߵıԴԨ纣еϢѸħӿס
һԣ¾Ϊ令
ͬΪħȻ˱ԴǣоħĻеҪϲ٣ҵר˺ĬԴ󻯡
ڤ֮սڤķ߳ױϺ񳯴ֱ룬Դݿ֮ƴݻڤĵֿ
̶һգһ谭ƽڤ
ʮպ󣬶򣬸ɽɳ·ߣһɱɱ
һ֮󣬶ƽһ羭ƽ٣ʬǳɽѪɺӡ
ڤУһֱʣڤ̱ƿȫ۹ͣʿ
񵤺ʹҩѻ£ٻָԪڶΪͻƣҫĿ
̶µʱ䣬Ͷʧݣϵս谭ĸֹЧĵֿ㱻Ϻ񳯵ľƽ
ʧݺϺٶţһĽ
ڤһϣ°׷֪ɽۣ֮Ŀ⿴
󷽣е¾һħԽˡ
ĴУħȫھеλڸ֣ս޲ʤ޲ˡ
ûжԣûжеֿѣ죬ֻΪ֪Ը
ЩˣǳЩˣǳ
򡣡
עǰһ·лλѵ
ϴУϤӰĬûлӦ
УֻΪ˹ؼʱ̸һڵλϢʶԡ¶
ͬʱδ֪һ˫بŲɣ˶
ڤһϣиУбҫ۵Ĺ⻪
޾ʱգĿײԽ³ӵĶӣؾΡ
ɲ㣬³Уһ̶һ˲ȴ·
Ƭ̺쾡ͷɣӻպϣ»ָ
ڤһϣǣһĨѪ£׷ή¶ŵĻɫ
ֻһۣһԪɢȥ꣬
ڣҵˡ
̧֣Ѫɱ
ף죡
Ϊأ


1520 
ڤһϣ֪״ν棬һ˲ҰܣɢȥԪ
ɫĳţ쳣
󷽣еɫһҪǰȴֹ
û¡
ֹ̧֣ˣԪӿָ
ɫĳ仯ɫϢƽѹơ
ǹϢǣ
еڣɫص
졣
ƽش
ԣɫһ
֪ˣףںη˿֪Ѿ񻯣˼ټ
ǿǶ֪ǣû뵽ǣ֪ʵ涼ûм㱻ɢȥصԪ

ͬʱһ֣ľ޴࣬Ψеڤʱǲᡣ

ڵ

߷ϣӰƾճ֣

ƽ
ǣ
Ӧ
䣬Ӱƾʧӵһȥ
պΣʽ
ƮѩĿẮ֮أǧټǵƿնÿһ˵Ϊڻʵ֮ϣ𾳵ǿ಻Ϻ񳯴ٶȳ
һʱ䣬ɽȫɾ֮Σ
ףڣХݺύγɼ᲻ɴݵϡ
ڰ֮УտӣǱŮӸΪޡ
ϿգǧʩΪ󺣣Ϊһ޴Ļˣһȭ䡣
˵ĳӿ춯ء
ģһӿ߻֮Ӳĳ
콣ɽԮûе𣿡
ۼ赲λϣʵ
ʱӦÿҪˡɴӦ
䣬һƿն̹ǣҫ۶Ŀ
ˣ
λ¶ϲ֮ɫ
ģ״Ҳһ
ˡ
ϣݺᣬǧƵ½ǿϢ쳣
콣ɽԮڸʿҪˡ
𣿡
ϣնĿ⿴ǰǧ½ߣɫ
󷽣ǧϴУǳһĻƲƲ졣
ߣ뻢ڡ
ڣʲôȱͲȱߡ
Ū
ǧϴǰǰһָԪϽѹϯ
󽣽磬ۣ
֣Уնһͷ׷裬ϵ䡣
𽣣
ȣٶ׵Ľѹϯʮء
̼䣬ǧ½£һڿ񽣱޷ѵ۽ٻ
ɲǣһڿʧȥƣһٴĿѪ
֮콣ɽǧ½߻δüս㾡ش
·ǿ¶𾪣ǰһĻ
ı仯Ϊ콣ɽԮĵǷΪʤ룬ֻһ˲ĹԮȫᡣ
ϣǧ½شһ̣ϣǧ񽣵Ϊ
¡¡𶯣쳹ｮ콣ɽǧ½ߵǱѰ֪轣ư
˵УƣܵѪɽ
֣ϣ¡еħӿħԻ
ħȫɲǺħӰӳ
ַ棬Ŀɫһ䣬ֵ̧С
ƽ棬ܴ˰벽ϼˡ
һսǿʵڤ֮಻֮䣬ħֵ֣УѸٰ
кսڵĵ̷ֱֿɽ
е֣Ϊٶ
֮ʣеĵֿ״ݻ٣ʮصĲഫдӴ
һƽٰѪսڼȫϣһõء
սգһҲޣżѡϢ
콣ɽ߷ϣ콣Ŀ⿴Ŷ¶ɫ
ֻһУ㽫Ԯȫλʵ
콣𣿡
ʱ콣ϣһ˵
콣عͷǵҲһͷ¶β֮𣿡
콣ѿ֮㲢ûʲôô
䣬콣ϣһλ߳ʧѾõĲ֮
콣к𣿡콣ɫĮ
Ϊ˰赲λ֮΢Ц
ǳܵΪӲǱϸ𡣡콣Ц
ԣڲУҪ֮ش
ô콣ü
ֻҪܵһӣаսӡ֮ƽ
콣ԣ΢΢𣬵аգ
ʮɣ
֮ɫ


1521 콣
ڣ֪չأȫ޸սĵĹ塣
еҲͬѡ˱չأЭ֪սҲ˲̶ͬȵġ
ǿ˱չأϺ񳯴ԭפϢ
գһչأ࣬ڷԲħϢӿš
ħˣɱԼΪˣ״̬µħȻ˷Ҳ״â
պУħ죬ħء
ɲǣ֮ϣ״һһˡ
ϢӣǧǧԴħΪͻ˵е
˵ħգе󣬺ɫţħԱɷ
Ŀħɽ٣һ춯ء
ħУе˫һֱʡ
һ̣ۻ谵䡣
ɶ˻ĺ˾ϣħ죬Ứ֮նһһħԽǿ
·¾Ŀ⿴ʣ¶ɫ
ϳȴһֱûгֵľħ⣬һ̤˾˶
׹⣬һؽһأ׹Уɶ˻һǰ
еݵе࣬ſĮɱ飬Ȼ֪УλĻ֮޵Ůӡ
䣬м˸Ҳ׵Ŀͷ鰴Լ˼ţеңΪΪ
䣡
˼䣬Ứ֮ն񷣬֤֮֮
Ŀϣеնһһ٣ۡ
ʮգʮգճ־õ٣һƬƬضħ֮٣Ƿ·ֹ
Ȼеȴһһնͷ
䣡
֮ϣƷΪһֲѪɫһ
һ̣еյ޵⣬֮У䡣
Ž񣬶Ψһһ棬תǡ
У쳾𶯣Ȼ޾⣬ؼĵ֮ڣӲѪɫ
ֲĴײƬ񷶼·Ҫը·ȫһѹĴ
׼
һϿգƽ
ǣ
أ
ϣħХħӰ뻨еڡ
̤еһϢֲ쳣˵ħԣ˲Ҷӡ
ʦ㣬ϲ
·ʴĳŮӣ΢Ц
Ҫ𣿡
еڣɫƽ͵
š
ͷʱ̫ˣóˡ
Ҳá
еƽƽ죬ҲԸ
պٶ
Ϻ񳯴УٶȽ
콣ɽͳһľ԰콣֮ɽۣȴϴĵ
ͬǰǺڤս£콣ɽбȣزĺࡣ
콣֮Ŀĺȷȫľڲ
ΪĿ꣬λµ
콣ɽħ죬սڴһɽ
ϣΪףħնȫʩѹ
콣ɽϣ콣֣֮һľзľд򿪣Уһϵ콣ԻµϢ쾪ز
Сģǿڽ򵥡
ڣˣ
еµͷɫҲ¡
ܸܵľǿ񽣵Ŀ£۵ʵǿĲʵ
ӭ콣ɽ
콣ɽϣ콣֮սʱһɺ̫ŵϢʶǿܲĴڡ
콣촫˵е䣬콣֮սɲǣƶʧɫ
ɣ
գɷַ棬ɽϢ
󷽣еͬԻħ졣
սһۼ䣬콣ϣ⽻ս
ֲĴսΪ棬ݺᣬ콣ɽΧһ޷ֱӱսನƽڡ
ȻƲ࣬ھԵǰеĴڶԵ˴콣ɽһɽ˵Ĵսȥ״ʧ
콣֮Ϊ޾µǿߣһΪڣ֪ǿ֡
ħħִսһˣսңѪȾ졣
콣֮ǿ󣬾ףȻħ಻ضãĬ֣棬κ·硣
˴ս֮ʣһ˫ս֣ȴ̡֮
Ϊ֣콣
Ϊʩչƻ콣֮콣֮УָԪ⵴˫ħ콣âѹ֪֮
֮״˫ֽӡ֮ӡǰ


1522 ӡ
콣ɽƽħս콣׵Ĵսٱ졣
콣촫˵е¾ԶѲɲ飬콣֮Уӳ춯صΪ
նÿһŻ֮ܣ콣֮һ˴սħ治·硣
ħ֣ȫսֵֽһ̣սУ콣֮콣ʽɽҫ۶Ŀѹ֪
·״ὣǰһڣħ죬Ӳ콣
һߣеӰӹɱǰ콣֮
֮ƣλҵĴսȻ
䣡
ǧ⣬ӽӲ콣ʽֲĳؾ
콣ʽһسһأУǰδ
У羪Σȥ·
֮УΪ˵УֻΪС
ɫ£о֮
ʽ壬콣֮ͼΪΣ
Ȼ˼δ䣬Уһλɫƾճ̧֣֣ѹ¡
һһնӭС
ݺᣬֻǣ˵һĻ֣ʧԶ
һ̣ѹ£û֪֮
սУеиУɫһ䡣

ϣޱ޼ʣ֪֮׷ӡ
ͻıԤϣ˭û뵽һս޲ʤơ
֪ӡս䣬֮ڳս֣һԪӿ콣֮׼ɱ˫ħ
һս֣ת֮ɶԶתµľ棬ȫ벻
սУе¼״һۣηֿԵһˡ
ħ콣սһ𣬳Ļеսȫս콣֮
һߣ³ֵ²֮һƮ㣬ͬչֳΪ
˫ħ֮ΪȻռƣǲսȴǳҵ˲С
ϴУһλλصӰʣ¶ɫ
֪ᱻסʵڳǵԤϡ
ϣ˫ħս֮սԽңʧȥ֪˽ơ
ְɣ
·ϴУһ˿ڣ˵
ţ
һ˵ͷӦ
˲ϢӰӳΪ
âҫĿꡢǧ֣˫ħ赲֮
ף
·ϴУһһεٻӰأ򷨣һ
ʱϣױڣ·֮
˼λǿ֣߳ȫбսֽŤת֣뽩֡
ս£ƣػΪѡ

ϴУλʣ¶ɫ
֪
λǳĿעϵɫ
ͬһ㡣
֮ϣ˼λǿִս֮Ϊ֪ȡʱ䡣
У޾طϢ֮
ģ°׷ӰնĿעΧƵطüͷ塣
صķӡ֮Ȼ
գڶɽԻɳ֣ӡ
֮򷨣ħϢ֣ͬڰ̫ͼԻƳ졣
̫ͼ£˫תƣ֮նǰ
¡¡𶯣쳹գҲǳֲ֮ס
⣬֮иУɫ£Ӱսӡ֮ǰ
ǰ֮ٶȽӡһϢӳַӡ
ʱ󷽣Ứն
֣֮ȻỨâ
ͬʱƿնӰӹħ
֣಻֮ٴγֵ·һж·硣
Уӳ֣ƽϢ״üٴ
ӡǿ쳣طϢȻҲԴݻ١
ӽնһһطӡȻֻƬ̵ĹӡԶ޸Ծ١
֪ս˲Ϣ䣬ٵ飬һɫڣ
֮УһΪҪǿлɽ
Ľ޸ƽȣɷ𾳶޷ܣ
ѪۣΧأط𶯣ԼٶȲϱ١
֪ҪԳܼ޵ƿӡʱϣһɿֲ֮ħͻȻ֣˺ˣѹƬضɫ
սУ˼λǿиУĿ⿴ʣɫһ
ħʣ
ʣŤϣһλʮصħƾ߳Ŀɨ·ս֣һӰʧ
ǰĳ֣ħԪѹ£ֱɢӡ
ӿȵನУӰԻĿ⿴ǰħߣлʦ𡣡
ĵͷûжԣӰٶʧ˲Ϣ󣬳ֲ֮ǰ
֮ӺݺһμˣȻѾΪʱ̫
ֻӹ֮ţѪȾա


1523 ƽ˷
콣ɽϣսͻ䣬ֻһУش˲֮
˵ħˣ˭ûϵĸֳ֡
Զ콣֮ҳɣ콣תƣܡ
ɲǼ䣬콣â죬춯ء
ǰû˵仰һӰƾʧ˲콣֮ǰ
һ̣콣ն£ʮء
ưһ˲߼䣬̧֣ħ𵴣ֱӵ콣
˵һĻȻ˼λֿĶƤֱ֪֪λʦǿû뵽ǿ˳̶ȡ
ֱݣҪ˵ֻǿֲ
֮콣֮ľǿߣ򣬺֣λħǰȴԵС
Ŀϣֽ̧콣ֻӹ콣֮ǰһɼǵ˺۳֣Ѫӿ޶Ŀ
콣֮һشس·׹ȥ
ᣬ䣡
಻Ը׹У콣֮ǿҵһԪ𣬴߶죬նϿյĸħߡ
ϣĿûٿ·콣֮תȥ
תۺ·콣֮ħӺȻը
׹콣Ȼڴ֮ϣȾѪ
ƿֲһĻعսѾ
֮콣̰֮콣ɽĴң¶֮ס
ϡ񳯵ûǿƣȫ콣ɽķ
սΨսɨϣ˼λûٲ֣ս
ǧ⣬ߵħǰĬԡ
Ҫץʱˡ
Ŀڣ
һ𣬷·ʲôӦǡ
ȥɣ᲻ٳ֡ƽ
ͷûٶԣתȥعս
䵽ճճʱսϣսѪȾÿһء
콣ɽ٣ʮصĴɳ׳ˣƽֻʣ
սϺ񳯴ȻʿʢǴȫƣ̬
Ȼ֪ôʱȴô£ս
ľǧ䡢˶ʾ⣬֪Ϊλἱһʱ
ѾƣֻҪһʱ䣬ָս첢£żоֲҪı
Ȱȴ޷ıľ£ʽ
콮һɽǿţ䣬˵УڣϹʱ򣬴ϹŻգΪɲ⡣
˵Ǽ˿֪һɲ
ڵǿȴӹɣƵ˸Ȼ
һգϿգս¡¡ʻƵĴ£š
սѸٷٱŴɣϺ񳯴һ·ƣɨƽ谭
𵴣ٶűһҹΪƽأشꡣ
ܿܣŴ޾£񣬼ȫƽͳһ
պϺ񳯵Ϸڣһս޲ʤܵҵľѻʧء
ǧ𾡰룬ǧҲսĳɣһϵĿսڵǿ󣬾ɡ
Ѫս༸ϣ־սһħսһѪ
ڹ·ںһϵʯУҵշڵˣȻɣ£Ҳˡ
˵òɻǰһֻκ
ʯеˣĬãһԲ
һλǿߣпܾһλ
Ĵɽٺ󣬳ȴɽ֮ȷ֮⣬λʧȥϢ䲻
ǿߣȻĴɽԻ͵ʱ಻λˣǰݶȻͬһ㡣
ʯףתҪ뿪ǰһλŮӵӰ֣Ӣ˲
𣿡ŶǰŮӣɫƽ
֪ôˣ
֪һսϺʧ˶𣿡
ڵǿӹ๣ǣսʧ˲صĸԭƣսȻǶҪԲ˵Щ񽫡
ĬʲôҲû˵
֪㾿ڼʲô
üⲻһķǷʲô𣿡
û¡
ҡͷһսϾҪˡ
˵꣬ûٶԣȥ
󷽣üͷ壬תǰԶȥıӰоǲ⡣
պһϽ
ѽǿ֮ĩս֮ٱϽ򣬴һ
ȫ֪ƽһȻв⣬ȴ
ٵɽϣעűսٳɽϽɫûκα仯
ڣߵһ
ʮպӴˣ˷򾡹ϡ
һ統ŵս죬ÿһء


1524 
ɽϽǿĴǱ٣Ӵƽϡ
޾״һͳսҡҷÿһ䡣
ĳŵ֣ͳһ죬ɾǰδеİҵ
ɽϣַתһԪڣҫ־񼣡
ĿɽϣԻ̬֮ġ
ɽ£ǧǧӰ£򳼷
Զǳ˿ǰΣɫ쳣
꣬ݣݺƽ٣û뵽֪Ҳ
񣬾Ĵڣ
˭֪ǧܹ׵⣬Уǿǣӵߣָ
ɽۣ֮֮ԴԴϴ˷۶ʤһͷ׷裬ɢҫ۵Ĺ⻪
һͳһе֮һе֮Լ
Ի񼣵֪һ֮ΣԴԴ
ŵΪֱƿһıݣ̤
ɲǼ䣬ϢӿƸӾˡ
Ȼ̤ûֹͣԼϢȡĵ֮
𶯣ΪģһѸٿݽߣеӿɽ۶
֮ʼֹѣ˰ȻҲԳܡ
һ֮ķΪˡ
һ̣ĿУɽۣ֮ϣʢ컯Ի䡣
ʮ컯ס
ңУ
Ψ֪һ˾ʮ飬νһˡ
ԻһϢٶƿС
֪ʲô
ǳǰɫ£
֪ΪҪ˷ϢսѾ
񣡡
Ŀ⿴ǰ䣬һδ
ǳԣɫһ
Сһ㡣
ʱеڣƽƺڤ٣˭֪ᷢʲô
һ˼£ǿ
˽ŵʱ̣ɽۣ֮飬ȫ߶һΪ
ɡħȫԪħԪӿȣ羪Σڡ
Ϊ¸һˣעΪ֮УҪڵľ硣
컯ϣҫ۶ĿʮѸٷתͨ졣
֮ϣһƿգֱƶˡ
ʱϣƷӿġ
󷽣Ŀ⿴ʣ¶ɫ
ˣɫ⻪𶯣УһĻþ֣ﻨ㣬˼ɾ
õľ磬Ǵڣȴʥ
ɽ֮ϣͨ죬ɫ⻪񾳣Ϊ
ȣ
һȣΪٴߣԾҪѰþڵľ硣
컯ϣɫ⻪͸һһգ޾ʱУѰ֮ڡ
֮ʣУþԽԽӳǰ
ҵ𣿡
󷽣еʾħ૵
һԣɫ£׼
ǳǧˣ״¶⡣
Ҫʲôǧ
֪һ̡
ƽҲս֮һб᳾䶨
󷽣¶ɫ̫Ծ
Щ£֪ƺûиǡ
ʱϣħӿһӰ֣Ŀעʡ
·ǳɫٴһħҲˣ
֪ǵҪʲô
ͬڴǰһΣħħ𵴣ңǳĲȶ
ǿҲѹƲס쳣һ̣ʦͽͬС
ɽۣ֮һѴޣҫĿ
ͨ죬޾ʱѰ֮磬Ϊͨ硣
֮ϣӿƽȶþҲƽΪʵʡ
ͨɲǣһǰδеѹ£϶ֲɣʤ˲
УеǿиУĿ⿴ʣ¶־塣
Խѹһصǿȫ̵ܵĿ־壬Ӳز
죡
Ϊףδ١
ɽϣǧ˸ܵɻصϢϢһ𵴡
ɽۣ֮Ŀ⿴ʣƵɫҵˡ
ˡ
ϣĵ˵һ䣬ȥ
·еħչᳯʷȥ
λѣٻˣ
ȥ׿һˣ¶΢Ц
δ٣õĽ
һۣ̫࣬һ֮˼ſ˫һ졣


1525 
ɽħȥħգ˲ϢʧþС
·˼λǿδüعħӰѾʧ
ʦ
лعӳˮ
ʦʱĻԾ·ڽһ㡣
Զ˫ֽ߬ɫ΢
ѡֹ
Ҳɡ
ʱգħƣͬλħͬʱʱգȴ˲ͬĵؽ硣
ϣ˫̤δ֪ĴϣɫŽ䱸
ͬڻƶ磬ʱΧﻨ㣬һĻɽ羰Ŀ
ʱУһħĿ⿴ǰһĨ
ⷽأҪ١
֮Ѿ˴һ
֮ΪصΪֹֻ֪һӵС
Ǳڤ߾졣
ڤŴνΪֲΪ
ףȴǼѣֲεǴĶУȻԴ
ⷽУƺ鱾Դ
Ȼ˼δ䣬ؼ䣬һ޺춯ء
Ƭ̺Զһͷ޴Ļޱڶɽȵôض¡¡
ü̧𣬺Ȼ·Ļޡ
޴УСɽĻޣֱӱ£Դа벽
𣡡
ŭ𣬲춯ء

ְ£Ȼް˴ϡ
𣡡
޾ֵص˻һ̣ڸܵǰǿ
ӵм򵥵ǻۣ֪ǵǵˡ
β
ڣ
ˣ
ʱһ𣬾βں֪ʲôԸ
ܺһʴ˵˵䡣ʵ
βںǰĴͷڵԡ
˵꣬βںзǰĻ޽
ԣ⻪ͺӦ
ֻϹ޽վһԣҲֻܰȴ
ʱβںջĿ⣬ڵͷ˵Ҳ֪˵˵䣬ֻʮǰһ棬㻯ӵǣˣͷһ
ɿѹƻ޵֣ͷ߰ɡ
޼״ɴ⣬ͬĴ۾м֮ɫԭ·ȥ
֪ʧİռʱλеӰӹͬѰ䡣
ĸλϣħ죬ħУĴħһؾ
ͬʱʱһŵϢԽʱնֱһ
ħ£иУĿ⿴ʣħڣս֣ʮƣӭϡ
ħ֣쾪ر䣬ҵĳ˲ٰ˷ء
ħҲΪ
ϣɣ
עԶһӰʧ
⣬ħӿħĻ֣ŵɳű䣬־ħ
Σ۳Ϊһɫĳǹգɫǹֱ֣ӳȥ
ʣϼУһֻ޴䣬Ӳɫǹ
ȻһϣһձǿԺʱնҪȥ
Ը޵еľħʣȻ֮ѡԳ֣κ档
ħǿ壬ȻϹɶС㣬ʱħĴڣ޵С
ħʣԭʼħǿħԽ棬һǰδеľ磬ʱ̣ǿĴڡ
սգһʱձգħʧҲʧ
þһ·Уʱյľͷȥ
ʮպǰؽضϣһ޴ӳ֣ȥȥ·
УǳãǲϻľĿ
ȻħѰǿߣȫܵǰӵΣԡ
ǳ籩洦ɼɾߣȻ㲻ĴǶΪ˻ҽ
ǺǰĬƬ̣֣зȥ
ͬһʱ䣬ǳΪУħӰͬӹȥ
塣
ǺӾͷʬɽʻ׷µʬѲΣֹ
ͬʱʱһߣһĨٻӰȶǧ׷˴Ŀ
Ϊ֪Ը̫ϵĺѩ֣ǺУһ˫Ӳ˿С
׷ˣ죬ؾ䣬٣죬һһʧ³е࣬ʱ޾£ڵʱ
ǺħӿһħΪս֮ǿߡ
սңһһǳ飬ǳƬȾħѪħηһ


1526 ǺӴ
޾Ǻӣ֪˸Ǻȥ
Ǻħ֮սԽңһһŴǷ飬Ϊҽ
ɾħأͶ䣬󾡻١
ϣϼתڡ
ǿ޿޶ȣν֮һˡ
ҫ۵ϼ⣬һ㣬޴ڡ
ԶħӿɢħԪ𵴣Խȡ
֮ʱԽԽڣħԪҲԽң·ʱ
ǺӱԵ˸ܵǺӾͷĲǰС
ǺУǵɹ־ݣˡ
е¼״һħԪӿǧǡ
¡¡𶯣쳹أǧǰ˻һħԪ֮䡣
֮
鿪ݺᣬǣǧǣ졣
ռ䣬ٴһȣ˫ƷתǣǧǣǺȥ
ԭ·أ𺳣һſŴǻǿգʧ
ʱ춯صײǺӳȣը쳹أҫ۵Ĺ⻪ɢǳ̻
̤ΪʤǰͶ㣬ܹ֮
ǺϼԽʢ־޴ڡ
һƾԽʱţµĳУһƾ죬񾪾塣
ǿϣ״ɫ΢ֽһӭϡ
һһ쳾һſŴӦնǻԲá
ƽӣƳ춯޾¾ͷƾԹһɽ⡣
ƾݿ࣬ྡྷɢֱӳǰ֪
ǿţδȴ޴ڡ
ὣɷӿӲơ
¡һѪȾǿգս֣֮ѪɽͣΣħԪӿ޸ơ
ħۿɼٶȸԭתۻָ
룬ƻָٶչǰС
ٶȣѱ棬ٻ֮⡣
ޱ޼ʵǿգͷ֮ңȴ·һ㡣
֪ǰ֮·֮ʱǺߣħͬܵ־ǰ·
ǡƾն֣ǰ˫ħ粽С
ǿħ֮սȵĽ׶ΣȼһħѪҫħһҫۡ
ħ
༫Զǿ⣬ɽμ۶ɽУظ־ӿԶһĨ֡
ԶһϮ£̫ϵĺѩҲܵԶǿħһ̤Ӱʧ
ɵϹţظ־̫ϣλǿǰС
ǿģĴսսң
־޴ڣһأǿѹħ
ħѪȾǿգħ֮־ȴǲ˿ۣħħ治ڣԽҫۡ
ʱϣһƿն飬նħʡ
ȫӦУ졣
Ƭ̺ϣһĨ׷ٻӰֳֹ֣ŽĿ⿴ǰħɱ˿Ρ
̫ϳ֣ħΣ֣Ӧͬʱ಻ò赲ǰİǿС
磬תۣ̫ϹŽǰĽ罣֮ˣ̫ϣС
̧֣¹ŽкɫǹӹǿƻС
ʱǿ֮ϣ־ٶѹ£ʼգʤ
һ̣־Ŀһƺߣ졣
̫ϳ֣һжΣ
̫顣
ħ̫ϵĺѩʽ˿棬̫ϹŽâ죬նأ졣
ɫ΢űħ밵ϯʮƿն
ħĺѩӰٶȣܿħʹơ
ת֮ĺѩӰǰԽ٣һ
죬Ĳ˼飬ƿ̫֮սֱϹţһնǿƻС
ͬһʱ䣬ϣϼҫĿ־ѹ£ǧɱħ
ɱкɫǹֱնʣӲ־
ֲĳǧӦɢħ֮Ȼ־Ҳѹơ
Ȼһ̣ǰ̫ϽһȻ޿赲
ĺѩ
ͻȻǿվͷһŭٻ֮ϣʱսͣ͡
ŭ֪籼ףתۣս֡
ɽȻһ̫񽣣֮䣬Ŀ⼤ײ
ħţ
ĺѩ˿ûֵͣʶ̫Ƹʤ
֮ٳԽ٣תۼ䣬ħǰ
̫Իһӹǿվ١

̫ħ֪ŭһֱ̤̤ʱգ֮䣬һӭϣٵ̫񽣡
ɽƳս֮ͬ죬Ȼִߣš
̫飬ǧ磡
ת£Ǻӣĺѩ̫ϣϹ̫֮ܡ
ɲǣǺĿ谵


1527 ̫
Ǻ죬ħս̫ϲ֣ħʾΣ
ؼʱ̣֪ﵽս̫ϡ
ʱʶȴѽԣĸʹ
ɽ񽣣Ͻ棬ϲ˿仯Ȼϡ
ġϢͬͬϢȻȥľı仯֮ȴǱ¶˽ߵΡ
˵ŪֹʱĽŬ׷Ŭأվв˵顣
̫ϣĺѩ˫ҲκУһĻĿ
սУңȴ޷ůĵĺ䣬ὣһȣ
ٲ飬һɷĿϻȪ֡
ʦͽ֣һߵһս̫ϣʧܵһսΪ顣
̫УĿ谵밵ӿȣϹţ𾪾塣
ѹ£ת򽣽ӿӭ̫֮
˫ײ쾪ر䣬񽣡ɽ棬ӴȴѸܲġ
䣬׵ı䣬Ҳһ˿һů˿ĺѩ˿ѩš
ߣӵ˫ԷӰӣ켫Ѹ
֮˼٣潻棬ǿ죬ǿ죬ʱ䶼Ѹϡ
н棬أһз·£㣬
Խ޵˵壬˵ǿսоԣһڷٳɳ
ԶĴսսȫȻħѪȾһεħѪΪħȼգӳħܡ
ű仯Ϊɫǹħ죬ÿһλնϻһ˵ѪۣħŽ
֮ʱԽԽһ𵴵Խң·ʱᳬ䣬ﵽߵľ硣
ǵ֮ٸߵľ磬Ψл
ٲ
ǿռ䣬޴ڵ־ݴ֮ѹħأ졣
֣֮޳Խޣ޷ݵľһսѳߵʶ
˵սԽңǿձһһţ֮£ȻǳԵ˴
̫ϹŽݺŽһһɣƱһ֡
صӵĽƣתۼ䣬ӽӲֲӻɡ
⣬ǿסӰתۣ̫ǰ
ĽֱҪ̫֮顣

һ壬ѪȾ񽣣ƺߣֱץס̫񽣣ӿǰ׷ŮӣĿеıҲΡ
ûжԣãɽֱն¡
޽⣬۶Ŀ룬顣
ƣĺѩɫκα仯ָȻɽ档
̫飬ϹŵľȻ˿ѷɫĺѩ̫ϣ̫֮Լ䣬ѹ֪һ
Զ֮ս벻ħȻ𺳣޾
ʦͽͬΣ֣վ档
Ըݣֻ棬Ѫʳ
ȾѪĽ޴ĿѪ⣬ս֡
֣֣תֻء
֣£ڰ̫ͼԻħϢת춯ء
Ƶ̫ͼգԴԴϣ˲ĺѩǰ
̫飬߾֮
ǿϮĺѩ̫ϽʽߵõٻӰԻֻأ
Уһնء
ʮɾ룬ʽײ̫սħڰ̫ͼӦ١

һƺߣѪȾ죬ǰֲĽ۳֣׹֡
ǰ׷Ů˫˿仯
Զս֣ĸܵΣһħѪȼգսͻƼޡ
ʮƣһɫǹâƿննԶ̫ϡ
һ̣ؼ䣬־ѹ£ֲֿѺۣԽȡ
ǿϣɫǹâѹ£ݺĺѩһޣӲС
ħ޿ƥУĺѩ죬Ⱦ¡
ʦɣ
սУѹƣڵ
Ҫס̫ϡ
ֻ˵һ䣬ûٶԣɹȴûǡ
ԶĬ˵ͷ
¾ɷ죬¾֣ͬһϢٶ
飬ڣ̤ȫۡ
Ľѹ羪Σ֪֮Ӱ졣
ʮ⣬ĺѩֲ̧ѪĿ⿴ǰӣнɱ
塣
ʱǿվͷʬɽοʻɽУһϮµĵظ־ͷͷȥĵա
սУĺѩܵԶֵϢɫһ䡣
ظ־
ĺѩɱ


1528 ظ־
Ǻħսҵս֣ѪȾǿա
ġ֪̫ϣ϶ܴս֣Բ
֪̤ȫһ̣ԶʬѲ䡣
ɽڣһϮµĵظ־߳ӿʤ
±Ǩظ־Ϊָ۷壬Ͷ㣬ؾ䡣
̫ϡ־ٶȻ棬ϹʱĶԹûκζԣɱ졣
ظ־֣Ϲҫظֵ֡
Ŀһ˲̫ϡ־νӣҫ
⣬ݺύ˱һս羪Σ籼ס
Ȼ֮ڶʱ޾£Ϲžս
ս⣬˵Ĵսɫڡ
ǧȥ˵ݶѽˣ־̫ϣΪλ˾˵ĳԹ
еɱѾŨҵĻԵĲݡ
־̫ϣ
ʱؼ䣬ɣ״οڵ
죬㻹û𣿡
ظ־ӽǰ̫ϣ
ظڣ
ؼ䣬ص
ԷΪ죬죬ĿŻ
Ϊ̫ϵĺѩʣ
ʮعȥ̫ϵݣûвѷꡣп
޴û̫ı䡣ĺѩЦ
أǺˣ
ؼ䣬ٶȿڣһ£ѹ·֪
Զظ־״Ӱӹǰһնɢ
Ŷ
״һ״־ػ֮ˣʵ档
ĺģĸ죡ظ־
𣿱Ⱥ򡣡
˵꣬첻ٶԣרӦս
ǿռ䣬ϼԽҫĿħ֮սѲġ
ս⣬һǰĵظ־Ȼǧ˿Ҳֻʱѹ¡
̫ϡ־ս֣䡢Ľ
¡һƾ֮Ȼ֮쳹ǿա
ȵΪѷµĸϹ˵ĴսΣʤȴ˭޷Էɱ
սƬ̣ħսӰӹʦ
ǿռ䣬ǧڰ׽նǿе־
ȻһУΨһף־
ٵǧ⣬˼ֺ޵еĴڣѷǿݡ
ɽΪУ㾿Ǻˣ
ؼ䣬ܵɽķâʵ
ȻشңϣЩ˵ʣʵ
Ŷ
쾪ȣԭ˴󶯸ɸ꣬ΪЩ˵Ļǡ
񣬾˵𣿡
кβɣ
쵭գѵΪھԵĹ𣿡
ɫ£ٶԣһԪϢɡ¾ɽڣֱ졣
Զּͬħɫǹϣħӿˣơ
ʦͽ֣ԪħƣΪһħ̫ͼء
֣ԪħԪΪԪ֮ڡ
ʥԪХڣӳħ棬ħͬԡ
ǿռ䣬תħ̫ͼϺ־Ҫ˷ݻ١
ףƬ촴磬Ǻʤ㡣
ô𣿡
ǿռ䣬ܵ˵Ŀģһߣ֮־ѹ£Ϊ׻ħ̫ͼ
¡¡𶯣սħ˵ײ޾ǿѳֲĿʼֱ֮ס
ȣ
ۼǿղȣٶһȣԪħ壬˵ٶ̫ͼ£Уħ⻪죬ͨأ´ڤ
Զ־̫սУظ־иУһƵս֣һһơ
Ľ޾ħ̫ͼУʱħ̫ͼٶţǿÿһ䡣
ħǿ֣ʥħϢХڣħ̫ͼת򷨱١
ǿϣһһŴǽɢֻΣع硣
ħű䣬תֻء
ޱϼޣ֪ŭһ֣ħͬ죬ǿձɫ
ʮɵľ޴࣬أ̧ħ̫ͼֲﵽޡ
ǣ
֪ηʱճѺۣƬ̺Ѻ۲ӣݺύֱǿ

ʱؼ䣬һŭϼʢϼУһʥӰ߳ս
ǧɳǺӴѺۡ
Ի겹죬Ի죬޷ﴴ֮죬˼ĻԼĴ硣
״ɫұ仯
㣬
ɫɷ񱩶ǿ


1529 ս
ǺӴ磬ǧ꣬޲شĴ硣
˼޾걻أһɱױһ̤Ӱǰ
棡
̧֣־һſŴǷѹǰࡣ
ӽֱնһſǳӰӹһն졣
䣡
ۼɽâ֮䣬ױڣֱӵɷâ
ӰɰɣסΡ
嶯սԭ㣬̫С
쿴ǰ࣬
⣬һ̤סƣɷ񱩣ɽӦ
ɷâ޾֣Ʊ
Զһħӿű俪⣬Ī⣬Ƽ
ɲǣħʶ˲ǰ⻯ǹɫ⣬âĿ
˫ħƿһһ־ǰǿħʥ׶ȴ
̧֣ű䣬й⻪־ѹ£ط羪𶯣Ϯǰħлߡ
ƽɫһȣֱ仯
ŵ⣬ΪܣħӿȻ֮
ҵĳ𵴣ħΧֱֲǳ
һֹħ֮춯أһɢ־Ӱӹٶȹ
űɢΣΪŵ⣬ÿһſֲħ쾪ض֮ܣֱײķ
عƣصӣǰǧټǵķ٣ħ֮£طԵֿ
طһ̣ŵΪһΪɫǹһǹƿգâɡ
¡һǿĳħѪɽΪħ棬ӳħ
ɺ²˰벽ϼ
񱩵ٶѹ£ħлߡ
ΣϮս⣬ӰӹӲ
һսУġ֪ͬʱ죬ƸС
ǿǿ޿ݣֹɲɺ
֪;ģƲۻȻħ𣬽˼ڼġ
֪;ս֮ʱԶս֣־̫ϵսȫȻ
̫飬ϹŵĽţƿؼٵ֮һ壬ڲܡ
̫ϵĶ֣Ϊظ־Ƿˣϵظǿľսǿ̫ϣ˿·硣
̫ϹŽֵۣǿӣ죬о
н棬ѷ֣ӰϽ²˺Լ
ѪɽʹǣȴľսˣɫƬ̱仯Ψ֮Ĺԡ
ϹŶԹһսݣΨϣһϯ
̫飬
̫ϻӽǹ⻪ҫ䣬м䣬һɺ̫֮ӽ֮ݿ֡
ľ𣡡
Իص̫Ͻʽظ־ɫ΢ƹɫױڣֵưٱնǰ̫ϡ
ʽײ֮ʱԶһɿֲĳӶֱ˵ս֡
Ӧͬʱ죬Զս֣ħȾ죬Խء
ǿ󣬳ħ֣ռݾԵơ
ظ־иУɫ΢ĿɨԶսˣò¾ϡ
ľɭ󣡡
Ը޾µĵȴٶȳɿգظ־ǿѹгԹ˫ƿϣֹĽʽ
޿ɱ޿ɵΨеظ־ĽУڶһӿ˲ǰ֡
ɭޣռǿΪԮһս֣ظ־ʩչУǿн̫ɭ޵С
ţ
ɭУĺѩΧĺɫüͷ壬һն߳
ͷ仯ɭ󣬱Ī⡣
ǺӴУɭ޵ʧͬʱ̫ͳ޾ʱ֮⡣
ʩչУģΪδȫָĵظ־һģԵ
ԶսĳһһصħսǺӴ磬㴦ơ
Ϣ󣬵ظ־ѹ𵴵Ĺһ̤Զս֡
ظ־ҲҪ𣿡
ֵ۽üͷ壬Ƶ񽣣ɫ
㻹ûʸ񡣡
ظ־һһϣֵʢâݽ֮
£
񽣽ʢһŭȣ־ݴ֮˵ظ֮
ս֣񡢹ħǿֿǰǿ岻ϴ߶Ҫ߱
⣬ǺӴ磬ȶ𵴣ٶȳֲ֮ס
üǧɳٶ޲ٵǿա
ꣿŪǱ˵ظ֮𣿡
ظ־ЦԪڣؼǧ̶֮סɡ
֮걻ظ־ߣ޷޸ǺӴԽңһѺ۳֣ǿ


1530 ֮
ǺӴ磬񡢹ħսǿҵһսѪȾǿա
ħսȫǿгſǺӴ磬ظ־ս֣Ҳ޷֮޸磬ԴԴϵԴڳ
ʱ֣ǺӴУ̤ӳٶȣԽʱƣǰ
ɷâ˫ֱնһƬƬٵʱգ
ﬣ
Ȼ˵һĻֻ̧ƾ˫ָ㵲ɷâ
Ҳգ棬ŭ
췭ƣӿȻǰࡣ
ӰɳȻɽסԾ⾪˵
ǧ⣬ͣΣһѪŻѪȾ¡
ľ࣬ӽ죬ʵȫѹˣͶ㣬Ʋɲȡ
ѪȾһ£һսٶǧǰľ
Ȼǧĥ£ľǧǰӼᶨȻ֣ɼᶨơ
ǺӴУλǿߵֹıԽԽأһѺݺύ
ǿϣ˿ʵĴѺۣƣΪ߶
ħԪγһ޴Σ˸չ־ΪҪƴơ
սģܵԽ˵ɫ׶¡
ио˵ɳȥⷽĳܲסױ١
Ŀɨˣ⡣
취ͻ˵֡
˼ѰͻƵ㡣
ظ־⣬ϹʱУ־ΪѲ𣬶ʱڣɱ
λħǿߣͬǱѰϹʱļλҲضˡ
ݵȨ⣬ĿԶİ׷ӣɱת
Զԣˡ
˼䣬Ӱƾʧء
սУɫһʶͿѰټ
Сģ
ͻȻظ־ɫһ䣬ѵ
Ȼ˵ѾΪʱ̫
ǰƾն̧֣ץǰӡ
ɱɫһ֣Ҫˡ
ⲻϣУǿѳԽһУȻ٣ҲҪѷɫ
̧֣ץסֱ˺
ɲǣӿѪȾǿգظ־ɫ䣬ӰӹҪԮ֡
ǾȲ
ϼΪǽλĸ֡
ֵۡű裬Ȼâˣȴƿǽ
սģ˺ķǿս
ˣϹʱɱ֪٣ڷǰǺǿ󣬿ϧǰȴ
䣬Խǿֹᴩǰš
ѪȾ֮ϼɢȥһѪ
٣ѸˣΣڵϦ
ű䣬ħ죡
ۼΣĿһŭȣһħȼ⼱תӦƿǽ
䣡
ħϢٶȽ棬ֵ̧ű䣬ĴһѪ䣬ս׶ȼ졣
ţ
üͷ壬ֽе˦ɣǿƷˡ
ϮķӭϣȻһʽ
ǿޱȵħȻϹʱļλҲ˿ѷɫһ弱һȭطƱ䡣
ͬһʱ䣬Զظ־ͻǽս֡
ֵۻն£һĻϹҫظ־ɷ֮ܡ
־ħ֣ƾ춯أɫ΢λǿߣҲҴ⡣
ǽУ췭죬ȻλĹơ
ɫ޻ޡת죬ֻ
սְȣִ֮УɲǼ䣬һɻص֣봴죬ֻأ֮飬𺳡
֮ɢűܵӦɢΣŵ䣬Ѻۡ
һߣظ־еֵ౯ϣһϸ΢Ѻ۳֣ڼ
˼״ɫһ䣬̺ˡ
ֻǣڴУ־޴ڣ˿
֮ġظ־ͬʱܴɳ
ҵս֣֪Σġظ־شƥеǿɺ
ǿϣ֪Ưǿռ䣬һֻ˺£ȾѪ쳣
⣬ظ־ֲ̧ѪĿ⿴Զ֪һ̤ǰȥ
̫ˡ
̧֣ϣһֻ޴ĻӰԻֱˡ
֪ǰظ־˲׿ʵľ޴Ӱӳ¡
磡
Ϲ֣һ£ǹ⾡


1531 
ǺӴ磬֮ܣ·֪͵ظ־
֮ӳ֣һ£ǳȻʧɫ
֪ǰظ־׿ʵĻ磬ɫһһӳʢΪϣӲ֮ܡ
ҵĳѹ¡
ǺӴ磬ѵ֮ܣظ־̧ץش֪ӳǧ⡣
Ȼ֮޴ڣ޴ѹ£ӰΡ
ǧ⣬ظ־Ӱ֣Ŀ⿴ɻڲŵĻ֮ɫԽء
ʱǰħӿһݵħڶ𣬾춯أֱɢꡣ
ǣ
ǿϣ쿴ǰɫ΢
ǺӴУһɹǿҵħʶֳأӣݡ
ħУľһڣҫ۶Ŀ
Ĳѹʱ̵ĵͿһħȫ
ĵһĻ֮ʱһħڣǰδеľ硣
ѹʮһθܵѹĸоһ̣ħǿѾȫľ硣
ҳɣ״С
ǺӴ𶯣ǧǹ⻪ۣڡ
һȭʮؽԳһֲľǰħߡ
Ϊ֮ɴ硢֮䣬ء
ǧ⣬̧֣ɫӿȻơ
ѹֱһħɻڲħʮǿħʣ񳯾չΪ
ħʮ䣡
ͻƼޣ֮ϣԲ֣ĳȣħʼ߽⡣
١֮ܣڻ黯ֽ⣬ͬʱڲϵ飬ֻء
Ϊͣ磬Ϣȫ仯׽޿ɲȣڶһ㣬˿ͷ
һ̣һ˲ǰ
ħ֣߳һȭ俪磬ǰ֡
ɫ΢һȭӭϡ
䣡
ħٽ棬һΣȴȫͬ
Ӧըħϯݵһ˲ѹ
˵һĻαɣȥѸתۻָˡ
ֻǣ˾޴ı仯ȴ𾪣¶֮ɫ
⣬Ӱٴζˣһɱ
ΰ񱩶ֲħ޿ƥС
ɫֱ䣬ǳ֮ٵħ֮
䣡
һǹħڶһٴĿѪ
˵ľֱӴɳȥѪӿȪġ
Ȼҫ޸ϵش
ʮ֮䣬ħϢѹħֲϢ
սһȭһȭĺƻأ𽥱ѹƵһһը
𺳣𾪣ֱȫȼһΪľĳѹâÿһȭƬ۵Ѫ
ǺӴܵħ࿪ʼѸٱ٣ݣը
ʮ֮ħŽޣһΪƲȻħ֮ȴʵš
ħȼգڷ裬̫ħ޿ƥС
ȣ
ȼգʹഫɫȴû˿ݣһȣ塣
ǺӴУħӣɢǿÿһ䡣
ħѹ־ħ潥ΪѪ棬ޡ
ܵǰħԽ˵ħӰӹȷˡ
ѹ£˫۸񵲣Ӳơ
¡¡𶯣Ϯηɳɣ˫Ѻ۳֣Ѫɢ
ħܴѪѸ޸ش
̧ȭܣٶȴս
ħɱоԣӰأš
ħս֮ʱս⣬ظ־ǰ˺֪ɫ¡
٣ܴ̫ˡ
־̧֣޸֪֮
ֻǣ壬㱻ڵԪɢԲ档
ظ־״ɫԽء

޷޸ȥ˻
䣡
ǺӴУһħֱӺ俪³ӡ
ǰܵħŴһ޴Ļڳ֣عǾϡ
һƺߣһѪȳ
شδ޸Ӱӳһȭ졣

ħٶƺߣٶըѪ죬쳣
һȭһȭ岻ܴͬʱ֮Ѹ޸֮
䣡
һħʽͬʱըһȫ٣Ψͷ­¡
⣬ͣ²߻ȥѸ޸
ս
ħһȣʮưۣħǿվš


1532 
Ǻ磬һ٣Ψʣͷ­ʱ֣ıһħʮƻأҪȥ
޾ħݿȥǳʱա
ս̥ǣʮƣԶԶƽʨطļޣһȭҪȥǺӴ硣
ǿУħ
𺳵һĻħͷ­׹ɢѪ׷ɡ
٣ҡǿղݣĩ
ս⣬ظ־һץشԵ֪ܿĿռĿ⿴Žٵǿգ¶ɫ
ߣ
ǺӴУıˣڵ
ظ־ʵ㲻𣿡
컹û
עǰǿգƽҲﵽյ㣬㲻ˡ
ظ־˫ֽ߬ûٶ˵֪ǿմȥ
ʱϹžԽϹžľ磬ʵ˼顣
ңλħʻκξתֻƾԼŬﵽµľ磬Ƶһ콾
ϹʱλħʽΪӽڤͶĸ
ϧʱѲĴڳ֡
˭޷ѡ
ظ־֪ԶȥٵǺӴУħʱ˼䣬һħǲ
ħһĻߣ־ǿÿ䣬ǿϣħţ
֮ȻҲ漰У飬Եزݡ
궼Ѹٵı٣ȻУǣٶȴԶԶϲϻ
ʱ⻪ԽԽҫۣʱ̣ڲ磬Ҫò
쳾ǧɣȥ̫࣬ܿòߣ޼
ٵǿգ㣬˫ʱգ׷š
³УһӰ֣ƽգҲϹŵĴɽ֮
ĸӣ赲ǧаħ
Ҳзıɽ֮һնͿ̿
࣬Խӽ˫ۣѪ֣͸ŵ˫Ѫ
ųУر٣һĨӰ֣ٵأѪȾϹš
ϤӰʮأֻվ߲ʡ
ɽ֮Ϲŵǿߣоǿ֮ϣÿһγֶʵľѹ˿ɵС
³УľħԽԽɽ֮Ҫ͸ʷࡣ
ħѺ۵֮գħ߽ţȴɲϻҪࡣ
ʱٵǺӴУϼۣѪٵٶȸȻ٣
̧ǺӲã֮ӣҪ輴ħһ
ǰ³ӵľĻعһ̤Խʱսޣǰ
ħ֣߳һš
ƽκβһƣȴɫ
ǺУ⻪һƺߣӲϲ
㣡
ˣԽԽеһγֿ־塣
ţתǺӴҲ֮ٱ٣һƣȥ֮
֮ܲɢԪɢ룬֮
ȥҲ·ùûٳ֡
³УǰУΰħ黯Ϊǹɢ
׷ţʱ̣̤³ӣһϹشٵࡣ
Уر٣ٵ鶼˱仯
˼֮ϣ߸ϵľ죬ڤһն˼ӣۻ࣬Ը߽񣬽˼쳹׷롣
˼䣬˼һƬĶɽ֮һȾѪȴǲȥ
ɽ֮Ĵɽ̱٣˺ɾشȥ߷裬ҵһĻ
˼֮ϣĺɫ֣УһɿֲӾصı١
ɫӣ˼Ĵɽ粻˱߷裬Գڰ
ٵؼ䣬ɽ֮ɻڣԿĺڰ
ش٣ɽ֮ı߳ûȡ֮Դ˼ش
˷֮ʣɽ֮գƵĶɽУһڷǽʯɳֲɷɽ硣
ϹŵһɽڰϢ𶯣׷ױá
սһӹɲǣ˼֮ϣһ˵ĴѺ۳֣ؼĺڰ
Ȼֹش٣֮Ȼǿ𾪣һıߡ
³УĿһĻ
ɺڰأĴɽɾԵֵ
λɽ֮˷ˡ


1533 ڰı
³ӣλϹţرʱࡣ
˼ۻ࣬ڤ죬˼糹׷롣
شٵɽ֮裬ֳɽնӾشٵı
٣Ĵɽ٣˼Ϳ̿ڴлȥޡ
֮ʣɽ֮Ѫ֮ٵء
ֹش٣һԡѪȼԪ꣬Ϊزȡһ
ǿɽ֮ʮصһˣֲ죬ÿһѪԷ׸Թ޻ڡ
ֹش٣ʱ̣ؼ䣬ڰ֣ҪȡıԴ
Ȼı߻ǵ͹˶ɽ֮ʵ
ڰһ̣ɽصһֱ񷣬ݻؼеĺڰ
ɢĺɫУһĨõӰ֣òɼһϢȴħκһִڡ
ı֣߳ɫ׹£һƾ͵ϮľҵĶɽ֮
ɱܣһӭϣӲսڰıߡ
Ĵս춯أϢ𵴣ͺڰҳ
Ȼǣ
³Уɽ֮ڣ͸ţԺڰϰ
Ԫȼգɽ֮һĳ˼ʥۣ֮˷գѹĺڰ
ڰУıͬ˵ĺڰ֮춯صΪɽ̫֮ࡣ
ǿߵĽ棬¡¡𶯣·޸ʱٶȱ٣鱻ռ籩ɣҰ
ĩ֮٣ϣѺ۱鲼ػӿ쳣
ʣɽ֮սڰıߣڰײ
ƶƣԽԺڰн棬ݡ
Զɽ֮ʮ֮䣬ڰı·磬ɫУѪ䡣
ɽ֮鴫֮Уܳųּʱ֮գ˼䡣
䣬֮ϣڰѸȥıʧʱâ
ڰʧɽ֮ȫԿ֮ء
ǿոһƬƬݣĩ֮٣ء
ɽ֮޵Уʮѷ֣Ȼĩ٣ԵЩġ
ɱȫԼܱȫɽ磬ֻǣ˼䶼ҪȥȻȫɽΣ
ıޣ־˼ÿһ䣬Ѫ죬תش١
Ѫ֪˶ãҲʮ꣬Ҳ֮꣬ϣӰȥʧ
ٵأֹͣȻɲƲȴûټ١
˼䣬֮Ŀǽ壬ǳΪǣϹŻԻʹȥ
Ĵɽ׹䣬ʧǿҲû˿
˶ΪѾȥ֮ϣƴɫظʧѾĺڰ˼䡣
ʱ˼𺳣¶
ٺ˼ǿ߼ȫ㣬Ĵɽ׹٣˼١
ʣڰϢӿֲĻϢ٣ɽ֮󣬺ڰȻٶȽ٣ػ˼ء
ޣ֮ʣϣɹʢһĨõӰ֮߳ء

˼һλλǿ߿ʵΰӰϲ
ţţ
֮ϣڰϢУϹŵı߿·Ӱ¶𾪡
ȻֻƬ̣ıɫָ
ֻʣ²ӡǣҲҪػ˼𣿡ڰı߿ڣ
ϣɽ֮û˵ɹԽҫĿλ۷壬ո
ڰϢУı߼״ٵȴ߶嫵ĺڰ֮·лꡣ
𽣣
ʱϣɽ֮ڣһ𽣣š
ɲǣ֪׹ηĴУһƿնĵǣʡ
Ľ
ڰıɫһ¶Ȼ
Ľ˼䣬ֲĽ󣬻޾
ϣɽ֮Ӱɢ־ɽУΪ˼ɢһ˿ꡣ
ʱƱ䣬ɽȫ濪ħ
֮ϣеĺڰɽУĲҽ
ڣڰı屻Ľѹһδ˺飬ȻҲԳĽĻ֮
ͬڰıǿʵĽشĿɽȫѺۣϹŵĽҲ˱ٵıԵ
ڣɱڰıǧٴκѵＫ޵ĽȻѣ˺ʱգĽͬƬɢʱУʧ
٣ϣڰ⻪ۣڰıǿۼ壬Ϣ𵴣ڱٵıԵ
ڰı̧֣Ҫ鱾Դ޸ش壬ʱϣӰ֣Ŀ⿴ǰڰıߣ
£


1534 
³ӣشٺ󣬺ڰĽݣаħ
һսĽ٣ڰıشҪ޸塣
ⲻϣɽ֣֮ڰıߡ
£
˿вȴŲݷϣɽ֮֮ǰһʮضҪ롣
ڰıɫֱ䣬һΣڲ̽ɽ֮ĵߡ
֮ϣڰѸȥڰıʧǰȴŲʺͲ
Ϊʮһˣ˼İΣ㱣סˣ´ش٣ڰή٣ʱػ˼䣡
䣬ؼ䣬ڰϢȥ˼»ָ
ڰɢϣ˼䣬껯Ϊǹ⣬ɢȥ
ˣ
صؼ䣬ɽ֮ݡ
ʧãԶʬɽμٸԽ˴æȴɻһ
ϣһϮµĵظ־߳ɽΣͷ϶źͷĿ⿴ɢĶˮε䡣
ˣ
ϹŵӰ˱һش٣ޣ׹٣Ĵɽ֮ȫ䡣
³УĿϹŵĵӰ𺳡
ԭǳشٵࡣ
ڰ£ͬȥ˼еϣ
ڰıߵĻΪ棬һش٣ڰٴν˼䡣
תңԶ˼䣬Ρ
ٽȴѾû
ʱ³⣬ҵķԶУ°׷ӰһյĴݡ
ʦ𣡡
³еӰҪǰȴܵµԿ
ˣ¶΢Цˣ仹ǡ
̧֣ǹɳ³ӣû֪üġ
ӣΪģΪʦ޺ˣδĵ·ܳҪúûȥ
ĵĻڲƵǺӴлصǹûʶƾն໭棬Ǵǰ³пľ
ڿɽֹ֮شٺͺڰʱвڣ𺳡
³УĿ⣬â
ʱ䵽ˣ
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ʦ𣡡
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ٵǺӴУնɻδ£ǰһȴѶʧ
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̧֣ٵǺӴۣ֮ѹ·ࡣ
ΣԶظ־ֵۻնһ
ҵĳɢ룬ظ־֪ǰĿ⿴ʵ¶ɫ
־㲻ò֣ɣ
󷽣˫ȭգɱǰ
ظ־üͷ壬ȴҲûз˵ͷ
ƾ㣬ˣҲգ
ϼУ쿪ڣЦ
ĳûᣬգƿն֡
һɱ춯أһҫĿ·ȼѪķƮ㣬˳ȡ
ŭǺӣɽЯ֮ܣȻն¡
ߣֱ̧תɽ
֣Ϣӿɽâ
Ȼ֪ɱһΣɱڶΣ
֣ϼҪٴ˺ǰķ
ս⣬ظ־״ɫ΢
Ҳ֪Ϊʲôܸң˴θͬˡ
սУֵʱ̣޷֪ȴǶˣ̧ץס֣һն£ѪȾ񷡣
˵һұֱӱն£˿󷽣һſŴǺȻը
𺳣ȥұѸӰӳ⡣
ǰҵķУֽǰУɲǣǰ
ɽն䣬֮֮ܣķˣ棬𣬼ࡣ
棬ΪĲӣУطȼס
ܵǰྪ˵ı仯첻ٴ⣬һϼʢޣҪԴ֮ѹǰߡ
Ȼֵһ̣ǰϯ֪Ӱƾʧ
ǰ֣˫սһ񱩶ӳɽȻն¡
һսƣʮݿ֣ǿվ
𾪣һ̧Ӳɽ
䣡
춯صĴУɽնһٴĿѪҫĿ


1535 ֮ս
ǺӴ磬˸նס
ɽնѪȾǳ
شǺӴܵӰ죬١
⣬ϼۣѪӰ֣ɫء
ٵĴ磬޿תУٴܣȥɺˡ
Ȼս⣬ظ־ȴܵϢļ
ǰһսħΪȥȻһһȴ޷ǰһȱ
ȥһϢ𵴣ܵϷ˲ֹһ޷֮
׹䣬ػؾʵ񣬷ǰ
ȼյķˣ˫գֿ̧סʺֱӳԶһŴײȥ
ǿϣǻƱٵĴ磬ȻײһŲƵĴǡ
ǳը죬ֲĳУˡܵشѪȾÿһǳƬ
սУӰ֣סʺһӿȼ
䣡
ȭһȭţȾѪұۣѪ
ٶܴ¶ŭͬһƣǰ硣
ˣ֮޿赲ѿѪǿա
սַֿٶһǰ
Իһն䣬޿ƥеݺ
͸壬ݿܴ࣬ȴǲܣһȭǿƷˡ
ֱӱ飬漴ۣ޸ش
֮ս˽Խսޣ׵ܣƵĴ糹״ϡ
ʧȥļӳ֣٣ÿһܴҪòȫָ
ͬսУһսҲӵǰδеĳ̶ȣȼգÿһѪⶼɢǿ
Ļ״̼֪ɱԣ˫ȶÿһ񶯣ǿһ֡
˴ս֮ʱ磬ǿ߽Կʣ¶𾪡
ǺӴ类٣ϿգսನңԶʱӶܵӰ죬ʼζ
֪Ϣ
˼λУǧ俴ʣ¶ɫ
㣬ʦ
ҲܵϢϢϲ
š
ͷĿעգɫ
ǿˣǿѾЩʵ
ǿս֣ٵĴУ֮սԽȣ˫գҵĻ󺣣ս־𺣡
һƽٰս类ϣǳ٣ش
Ϊȥ½սٶȶ١
˳֮£ƽһսʵսȫս
ϣԽԽأҵһսùս־ɫԽԽ
ǿȻϹʱλҲָ˵λħʻȥǣɻ²ʵ
ǧĳɳʵչʵˣǿƽһս
˼䣬ظ־ʶͻȻʹ͵һġ
δȫع飬ظ־δȫָȱ걬µĺ֢
ҵʹϮظ־ʶһģ˫
бޣʶ㱲ϣظ־һϢ𵴣Ȳȶ
սУиУط
һ˲֮ɱʢǰ̧˺ǰߵ˫
٣Ѫɢ죬ģش
ӿȻ˫٣ô
̧֣סǰʺ·ٵĴײȥ
䣡
رܵԭⲻǰ࣬ײһһŲƵĴǣѪɽ쳣
ʱս⣬ħӿħ𡢺ڵƮ㣬Ӱٸ
ܵսֵĲе˿֣御֣ն
˫ħ֣ߣԪϼۣȻ˹ơ
⣬ͣΣȾ졣
Ϲžʵֲ쳣˫ħȻ㹻ǿֻǣ١
սУ˫ٶȱ٣סʺлۣʱ󣬾춯ء
ǰٶȸ߶һԪҪǰ೹״ݻ١
񣬷Ĵڣ࣬㾡ˣ
̧֣ױڣѹǰ֪
ᣬ
У۾ѪȾ˫ִ˶ݡ
ִ񾪡
䣡
ٵĴ磬£ڰʱա
˵־ԽֵΣ
ؼ䣬羪һӿ֪󣬾޴ķٶչһΣҫۣѹĹ⻪


1536 
ǺӴ磬֮սԽȣ˴ս֮ǿҵһսѪȾÿһǿա
սУΪظ־ȻĴսƬ
һ˲ʧץסᣬ˺˷˫ٶش֪
Σһ̣ǿҵ־ȼһѪԪԡ
ҵķĻһڱξǳϯס
˫һϢٶȫ汬𼱾죬ڱǿա
ɲǼ䣬Ͽգ֮ƣ𾪰

֪Ǿĵˣ
˼λǿУĿӿķ𣬳
̫ˣ֪ϢǿȴռϷ硣
Ͽգ޾ʱ⣬ս֣޸ٶȱ˫սһն¡
ͻı仯ȻӦɽն絽ߣһֲĽ۳֣ѪȾ¡
սתĻᣬֿ̧סԶǳȥ
УӰһɳȻԶǳϡ
ǿϣ˫Ӱӳǰȥ
ٵǳУӰĿ⿴ųеһնƿն¡
¡¡𶯣ǳֱӱնѪɽٶȾʯ
ɽʯ⣬˫񶯣Ӹ¡
쳾УӰԻ˫־αڣŭ׿ХֲԪ˶
Ȼ˵ٶȴǸһ
֮δӰ̧ץסȻ˦˳ȥ
ǿϣһһʯǧ⣬ǿͣΡ
شѪۣɫɱˣһϢǰ˲ֹһ
ǧ⣬סΣʶɨǰŤӿӰٶ
ٶȣԽʱյƣ˲ƶת֮䣬
̧֣˫ƽԪӲɽ
ܴ㣬һѵϾӰ
ժ֣ʽʽ
ڼӳ춯صһƣȻӡš
һƣ˲ǣ̶ĹһηɳѪɽ
ϣǱ٣Ϣٶ𵴣ش޸
⣬ֹסƣı仯¶־֮ɫ
޿ɲҵһս־սԽһ̣¶еĿ־𾪡
룬֮䣬չᣬϣɫڶһնٶ˺š
ǰֲĽݺύδˡ
Ѳתս֣ռϷ磬һһش
ǿϣȫѹƵս֣һδηɳһһǳ
սķˣʵרעսȱ
ǺӴȫ٣ǿУ𼸺ÿ䣬ڣᣬԶʱ︴գҶǿ
ɶ񣡿ɶ񣡿ɶ񣡡
ɫԽԽŤдŴҰһ˻Ͼǲʡ
Ľ
Ӱһץסֱۣͬһ˦˦ȥԶȥ
¡¡𶯣ɳһһǣβͣ£ǰ׷Ӱӹһ
Ϭʮʽ
¾ʽ֣Уضٴ֮

ƾһʹƺߣһ׹£һž޴ϡ
ķѣϿգ˸£˫һ˿С
ԽӽѪеб˵Խ죬ȻĳȣҲβ֪˫ı䡣
䣡
޴Ͽգ˸һȭ䣬ֱӽǺɳ
ǿӹɵǿǧУ֪ڴ֮ǿδͷ
ƣ
սʱϣ˫񶯣ܼᴩصһֱ
֮ؼ䣬ӿɽ۶һ־Ŀն¡
һնǿգնңԶ¾ͷſ˾޿ڣǰ
Ϣ֣п־Խʢϱ޾ķԪӿԶǿվͷȥ
ն£ȥһȻ֮ȴƬֹ̲ٶԽˡ
󷽣״ɫ΢䣬˫׷ȥ
Ҫʲô
ǿռ䣬ӰһǰһӹȼԪٶ֮죬Ȼ˼һʱ䶼׷ϡ
Ͽգλ𾪵ĿУӰ֣ûƬͣת֮ʧ羡ͷ
졢̫졢̫졢޼졢죬˷ɹһһ죬ȥ
磬ãϣһλλĿ⿴ʣ¶ɫ

ȥôˣ
ˮƵ۹ǰŮ߳ʱ꣬绪ûκα仯
Ů̧ͷգ΢΢
Ծ
һˣϢǿЩ־塣

䣡
쾳ϿգӰӹԶȥ
羡ͷ޾ޣӰɹٶȾǻǲ
󷽣ǰеĲԽԽء
˼䣡
ΪҪȥ
ȻҲܿԽ˼ϣǴ򣬲Υ
˼䣬ӰӹޣڰͷһĨ֣˼䡣
˼ĽӣӰԽԽΪҪǿд˼ʱͻȻı䷽򣬼ӿٶԶȥ
״ԽɻͲֻܼ׷
ʱĿ⾡ͷһ޴ʯ֣˼磬ġ

ӺݺһʦļУǱɽ֮һնϣżӾشٵı

µĿģɫ仯ɽɳҪסǰ
ȻѲһУƾɽն಻ͣΡ
һ̣׵һĻȾԪȻײ֮綼ʼ
˼䡢磬ֲѱѿػ죬ĩ١
˼򡢽ڣ¶־壬ݴϵߣǷ·ǧǰڤʱĩ֮Ȼ
˼䡢罻ӣ֮ǰǰӵһ¶
֪ˡ
٣˼䡢磬һ䣬Ƭط·бֲĴ٣ޡ
˼䣬ķͷ֪;ĵΪֹش٣Ѫ֣׻ȸ䣬ĵ޴ӰԻбء
ȻֻϢĹȻɢԳųӴء
˼䡢½ĩ٣˵ı仯ھ֮ߵ
Խ޾ģңԶУƮ㣬һλŵӣĿ⿴Զ˼磬¶һĨɫ
ش࣬ĻᣬĪҪʧ


ʮ ĩպƽ


1537 ش
˼䡢罻磬ŭײʱ٣ƽٽ١
˼䡢磬бؿѣػӿա
Ŀֽ٣һĻĻĶǵľ־塣
˼䣬֪˵ΪֹضգȻֻϢʱ㳹ױ١
Դɢؼ䣬ʧ
˼䡢磬һµѺ۳֣ٺ羹ͨơ
ǰű仯˼䣬ȻҪֹġ
Ͽգ޾ʱ⣬ظ־žأãһ·ʲô

ͻȻظ־ʹƺӾܾҲ
Ϲʱļ糱ˮ־ʶϤһĻش٣䡣
ʹУظ־ɫ¶һĨӿֲϯ絴
Զʬɽθظ־Զȥ
Ͽգħӿе»ع飬
ȥǾ뿪
е˵һ䣬ûͣشٵԴͷȥ
֮䣬ħ۶޴ĺɫħӿ˺ʱգס
ͬһʱ䣬µѰ˼ǿǡ
شٵ˭˵ܻȥģǾܱˡ
ϣǳ˿»ع飬ǰ
£׷˺£
ڣʵ
ˣߡ
¿Խ˵Ѻۣڵ뿪
ȥǳʵ
֪
³ﰲȫȥܿϾҪٵ
Щأ
ǧ俴ǰǧǧϴƽգɫصҪ𣿡
ԣɫҲһ
ЩУܶ඼Ǻսͬ飬
ȥȣܾȶǶ٣
УǰأڵƬأӦûܳųһЩʱ䣬ʮգʮպһ뿪
ã
ǧͷʮʱ䣬Ǳչͨɣ߸ˡ
˼λǿ߻Ӧȫʾͬ⡣
¿˾ģҲû˵ʲô
Щˣó
٣˭ܻȥҪ죬һ˱һ
ϣ˼λǿ뿪ȫˡ
ϴУǿҲ뿪˼λǿһͬˡ
˼䡢罻磬ħӿħǰİ׷ӣͣΡ
ǰеؼľ޴ڣ¶ɫ
ʲôеع𾪵
ײˡ˫ȭ
еԣɫһ

ʦ㣬أʵ
ǰ´뿪еӦ
ͷĿɨ˼һ޴Ѻۣʦ㣬㿴ЩѺۡ
еĿ⿴ؼֵһѺۡ
ǣ
Ѻ۾ͷϤľ󣬻еɫԽ𾪣˼䣡
š
ףɫصҲٹã˼Ҫͨˡ
µ飬ĩյ񷨺͹ض٣ĵĳᱻ޷Ŵʵ˼ͨ»ٶȳֳ˵顣
׼ôе
˼ͨ򿪣̻˼䣬⡣
˵Ŀ⿴ǰٵƬȫѰ޸֮
Ȼǲ죬޸޷ֹشٵӣ޸üޡ
һ£ͬʮ⣬ǱʦļУϹŴʱǿµı
ǵӰ뿪ʱ˵ĻΪ棬δ٣ή١
λ붫ɽֵ֮ĺڰıߣĴڣеһж˿֪δ֪ĵ˲Ÿӿ¡
ǶЩڰһ֪ӦԵİ취޴
Ȼ硣
˼ãŮӣڵ
ļλ׶ϹʱĽѣ֪Щʲô
еͷϡ
ܰĻҵ𣿡
;Уеڣʵ
ûС
ӦײʱҲûиоЩ˼Ļǣ£Ҫ־æǵظľڻǵĸӦ˿ɼҵܰĻǡ
˵䣬ԽԽϣĩմٵƬҲʼͿ̿
ˮƵ۹񹬡ַɽλ׳ֻԼһȴ赲ٵӡ
񹬣ʣӣħ񹬡
ǰՕDֹϽĴ٣Ȼ֣ཥѵصı仯
ֽһסҡϽء
֪֣ՕDʱ֣Ŀ⿴ߣ¶ɫ
D֪޸İ취ڣֱʵ
֪
ՕD֮֮𣬻֮ˮл֮ľ
ǰ߿϶Ĵ𰸣ɫȴûаϲɫΪֻδ˵
磬ɽϣһϮµħվɽۣĿ⿴Ͻڵɽһˡ
ħĿȫ
ȥɡ
ͷſᳯȥ
ɽǰʱŤ߳ǰħ֮ڵħк£
Ҫ׼
ħڰ˼䣡
ɫһô죡


1538 ڰ
磬ַɽ֪ħʵ֪ڰ֮¡
źڰ˼䣬¶ɫûϵڰ֮졣
ϹŴ٣ڰڴĩڲٳ𣬺ڰѵ
ħЩڰ
ɽǰǰħ֮ɫص
֪
ħҡͷϹʱ֮ʱڰͻȻڴ֮ǰδκ˼ĹżҲûмأҲֻλͺڰֵĶɽ֪֮Щʲô
ɫԽأһõϢ
˼䶼ܵӰ죬һϹʱӿ£Ҫô㣬˼ܻסˡħɫ
ĬƬ̺󣬿ڵٵħ㾡ȫסΪʲô
ǰߵ⣬ħǰĴأֿƬأϻƶħ磬ϵܿܿɽӣһ޼ʵǰȱħ磬һֱȴػطһ죬ڻ׷ƬĴء
ȵɽϳ˵ķħ𵹸Ƭصˡ
̾ˣħȴػŷĴأǷħҪ
ٹã˼佫ͨʱᷢʲô𣿡ħ
ˡ
ĩ֮£񷨱٣˼ʵ̫ˣ£ֹֻܾ
ֹˡ
ħɫֹһıٵ磬Ȱ㣬߰ɣѰһƬΪʱӦܻȫ
ѣشȥ
ʱٵգһߵģڣ٣ҲҪѰһƬȫľ
䣡
˽̸ʱգ𶯣һ޴Ѻٶȳ֣ʱʼζ
ɽϣħиУɫһ䡣
Ůˡħ
ȥ
˵һ䣬𣬷𿪣űȥ
籱ϣһѺ۳֣·أͬشֻ꣬ϡ
óֻסˮŮȴûٳ֣شٴݲбء
ʣһѺ£˼۶ˮƵ۹ȥ
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ĵ۹ûκϢ·һǡ
ϣ۹ǰ
۹֮Žգǰƿ۹š
һ̣˵һĻӳ˫ֻۣ۹УһλλˮŮѪУһڡ
״ɫʱ仯
ˣ
۹ʶͿѰŮ۵Ϣ
ͻȻ۹֮ϣʺһǿϢ˾ˡ
ɫһȥ
ʷ𣬴ϣϤٻӰ֣绪ò
Ȼòδ䣬һϢȴȫ仯
ɫӣһ˿۰ףϣŮһɫϢԽˡ
ڰ
״ɫʱˡ
֮ϣŮ۶ˣû˵һ仰һ˲¡
عֵֵ̳
˫ƽӣһ˵У˰벽һԪѸˡ
ڰ֣ڰǿ𺳣ǿԪԵֵ
ڰˣڰɣʧ
䣡
˵һ̣ŮǰһٶһȻӡǰš
ǿһƣɳɣֱײٵ۹ţ˳ȥ
۹УŮ۽һ̤ӳ
⣬ŮһڰϢڣ춯һƣǿѹ¡
סΣħӿħԪֵڰ
ƾٶȽӣ¡¡𣬺ڰ£ħԪͬɣԿ⡣
Ժڰ˼ĹԵ΢ħȻϿɣȴǹĴڣѵڰ
֪ȫ汻ڰѹʱ磬˼ڶǿ߼뿪һλλ棬ÿһλԻסһƬأܴŸȥ
ǿߣÿһ˶ɽ֮ܣĩյ֮ʣΪౡ֮
˼ǿ뿪粻ã󷽣ر٣Ƭ𶯣ȥ
磬һƬĴϣףź󷽱ٵ磬¶ˡ
ĩ֮ǰСȻҲֻܲ˵Щ޸֮ķˡ
䣡
磬໤һǰУѰҰȫ֮أͻȻһɫϣѵڰ֮
һλ𼶱ǿδüع񣬱㱻ڰɣɢ
ʲô
ǰĸϣĿһĻ𾪵
Χ˼ǿ߻ףԶ˲ŵĸɫҲ¶𾪡
ŵĸϣڰӶȥ
ڰ٣ͬ١


1539 ˼
⣬˼ǿ߻ǧ뿪ⲻϣڰͻ٣ֽٽ
ת۵Ĺһϣȫ龡ڰɣɢ
ǰĸϣ˼ڶǿ߼״¶𾪡
󷽣ڰӣڵĸɢȥ
ڵĸ𾪿ֵĲҽĿܿ㱻ڰɡ
ǰδľ˭֪󷽸ϵĺɫʲôδ֪ĶԽ־塣
ߣ
ǰĸϣħӿź󷽷ȥ
£
¶ɫСİ
һ󣬺ڰӣ·գĩ֮ƾն֡
ɲǼ䣬УħӿֵǰӶĺڰ
ȻֻϢĹ򣬺ڰħӶ
˵һĻǿ£൲סⲻ֪Ӻηֵĺڰ
ȣ
ۼڰ赲¿һȣƮ㣬ʮԻ
ʱڰ֮ǰһɾ쳣ħӿǿֹڰӡ
ҵĳɣͿй壬Ϊȡ뿪ʱ䡣
󷽣˼ǿ߼ԦȫȥҹµŬ
ӵʱ䣬һʧ޾ͷڰǰҲںľһ˿ڰɡ
ʱȫٸһĻɫһǰץסǰߵ֡
תۺ󣬺ڰӣ֮
º֮ʱ磬ˮƵ۹ǰԱڰɵŮۣͬΣ
ڰǿ󣬳һ֪Ķֻ֣Ǽн棬Ѹ·硣
ħɣԪȫڰƣںڰԵһ
׺ڻŮһսʤǰϺڰԣȫѹ֪
˵һսϽͷɽλ׵ע⣬Ŀ⿴ű¶𾪡
񹬣еɫ£˫ſҪǰȥ
ĪҪ嶯ǰȥҲˡ
ՕD񿪿ڣֹǰߣĿӱ̫ڶ
D֣֮ϣ׶޾Ԫۣǣÿһ䡣
ʢս֣ΧҫĿѹƺڰ
Ůһ𣬺ڰ˵һ˲ʹ֮ɫ
ɱɱᣡ
һףʱڰڲŮʶع˲䣬Ψ
ǰ֣˫֣ͬûκԥӰӹ
ɽ磬գŮĿڣһѪӿȾ۹ۡ
һƵУһŮʺĽâɡ
ǿĽ˫һ̣Ůڰ𣬵ɷâ
һƷˣƾףƾš
ƺ»ɣ˫أơ
ƣ
ֹסһ˫תƿն
ڰûзκβǿĺڰٶѹ¹
䣡
ʱ֮ϣ콵·ڻŮۡ
Ů̧֣ɫֱӻȥס
һ̣ŮУһ֧ɫǹֱ֣ӳϽȥ
춯صһǹƹ磬Ͻ
񹬣ڰǹɱ
D񡢻е״ֵڰ
ڰD׵ʱܵ죬ɡ
һԣ񡢻еͬܲش
һ֮λشԮֱս֡
ˮƵ۹֪һܴδ֪ĺڰҵƽ֮
Ů۹ԽԽңɹתأ˫һһعơ
ƼȴѸ޸ƾ費֮ս֣ѰҺڰ
һһγԣһһʧܣսֽ֮ʱٶһѺӣء
սУŮӰӹǿһƣȻӡ֪š
һѪ죬ͻȻغȻѿ֮⡣
վȣ׹Ԩ֮£һڰϢƣѹ
ԨϣŮһ˫ӿ·׹Ԩ֪ɫҲκС
˲ϢŮӰɢȥΪɫʧ
˼䣬ǿ֮ϣһѺۺȻѣ°׷Ӱ׹£һŴ֮ϡ
ĴǣƺûܵشٵӰ죬һСϪΣ׹ȻСϪС
ԶڷţĺͯһãС
Ǹˣ˵ˮˡ
ͯСϪеӣ̳Զ
ûãСϪΣһλĸСϪеӣæǰϳСϪ
𣿡ͯĵ
š
ǽţϣȥҸп
š
̵ͯͷǰ֡
ʱţɫ֣
˺ͺͯţţţ֪λƳԶСȥ


1540 ˣ
Сǣ꣬У𣬸Ҷʼ
ªķǰ°׷ӾĿ⿴˼䣬Ӽิӡ
ˡ
ڰһսΪݱѹƣЩҲָ
˼Ĵ٣ƺûƬУհҵĵҲȡ
ӣԷˡ
÷󣬿ǰӣڵ
񣬳źȥ
УѰڷźã˲ʢȴҲᡣ
˼磬һ˽ͯȻͣȴǴ˵ࡣ
˿Ŀ࣬ҲĿ࣬ͬһ㣬ǧ걼ȴδκ˵һ֡
ͣϾʱΪи幤Ҳǿάּá
˾º︾˲顣
ˮѰܼ飬ҲҲ㲻
˲֪ʹ˼乲֪Ҳ˵˵ЦЦ
ѸǰǷǶ࣬С紾ӣ˻ŪЩǷǡ
ңһཫͯ󣬾̫࣬ѲЩ
͸ͯһԣ˿ʼԷ
ڵķˣȻʢζȴǲɣܽͨĶõζ
ͯԵĺ㣬һ˳һ뷹մ˺ü
ֽͯߵķɫᡣ
Ҹƶ͸ԣڵλĸߵͣʱ򵥵Ҹ
˵ֻǾؿţ˼á
֪ΪΣȵЩӣڵĺڰһֱûзڰţҲлὫѹ£ָΪ
İΪɵڰһսʶ뾡ҵԸڰİ취򣬲شٽ٣˼ѱڰɡ
棬£պܿ찵£ҹ٣аҲϢ
˺ͺͯҲϢˣأСǾʣû˯
֨ѽһ򿪣߳СݣĿ⿴ܲգɣŨɫ
뿪ɡ
ΪѾָĲˡ
ǣ
ʱޱͷһ޴Ѻ۳֣ݺύϳ˷Ӷȥ
ǿϣһλλ˼ǿԻ赲شٵɢ
λ˼ǿǰΪޱĹȫ֣λǿ֮赲١
ȥ̤һΪλ˼ǿ׿Խ
䣬Ȼ˼޾ѣǣ˼̤Ļᡣ
˼䲻ǿ߶ҪһΪĴߡ
ǿϵľ޴󶯾𶯣λ˼ǿһˣѵ١
СǣǿվͷĶⰲĴǣС𶯣緢һСĵ
иУüͷ壬ֶ̧סҡĴء
ޱͷ˼ǿֿش٣Ϣʱ䣬ֲ֧֮ס
ǰǣѪ䣬ش٣ȻĸҲԵС
Σʱ̣ǿϣһңԶǿ죬쳹
ʱ
ߵǿиУ¶ɫ
ֻϿգһӹǰռѺۡ
֮ûռѺۺ󣬲ϱٵǿսȶ
̫Ͼ
һλħһս˼ǿ߷Ӧ𾪵
һ䣬˽Ծ̫Ͼǲǰ֮
˵Ŀ⿴ǰޱȴ𰸡
ȷ̫Ͼ
Ҳϳ˽ˣڵ
Сǣָ
˼٣Խˡ
ˡ
֪Сǰܳݣֻŵ
СУҲźͯܳİ׷ӣæǰǵ𣿡
ûˡ
ǿգƽ
ȻشѲ赲ҲҪס˼һ˿ϣ
תĸ˺ͺͯ
ǣϣ
ʣ콫ʱϣһӰ֣˼СϿա
ˣˣ
СУһλλտˣϲ
СǰæĸҲʵһˣ¶ɫ
ˣ
ָͯʣ˷ܵ
ϣ˼𿴵·°׷ˣһ̣ȷݡ
μ̫Ͼ
񣬹
˵һĻϣй񣬹ͬ·һλˡ
Сǰ˿λ˳ݵķһɫˡ
ѵǹݵǣ
˿ǰİ׷ˣвѹơ
ˣ
λ˼Ŀ׿һۺ󷽵ĸˣɫƽ͵ЩӣлչˣҪˡ
𣿡
ǰƽ͵ɫѹвʵ
ҡͷӦѾûˣܿͻˡ
˵꣬ûٶȥ
ϣµӰߵǰһͷ׷Ʈ裬ԵϢԲĿ
Ŀ⿴ʣɣ⡣
ǸЩˡ
Ϲʱش٣ʱֵˡ
ɽ磬Ŀ⿴򶫷ɽ֮У֪ܡ
ʱؼˣ


1541 ػ
ޱ񾳣ʥ֪ع˼ȫ˼乲
ϣ˼ѵشһΣҲһܻǣ⣬˼һֺڰΪֹһûҵӦԵİ취Ҫԥ
ڰ
ԣ¶ɫΪЩڰӺζ
Ҳ֪
ɫصΪ֪һֱҲӦ֮
λ鶼һ
شٵĵѾ˾ֳ޷ԸĺڰѵҪȥ˼
ʲô㣿ѯʵ
ȥĴɽࡣ
Ŀ⿴Ŷɽֹ֮شٺͺڰɽУйشٺͺڰļء
Ⱥ;һͬǰȥ
ء
ҡͷԼȥɣǻҪ˼䡣
պ뿪񾳣Ŷȥ
ڣħֱֺ߳ݵĽء
Žħֺؼ䣬һɿµ֣Ҫɽߵ
ʱǧ꣬ٴνħֺȻΪرܸܵڲϵʧ
Ϳʶɨħֺ΢΢
ħֺ֪ܣȻ޷ȫħֺеķ
ͷ˼أԳһ磬кһֱʱûеﾡͷ
ħֺУʱշ·룬ǧǰΪ㣬ܲе쳣ٴν룬ԽܵƬصĲͬѰ
֪˶ãħֺڵ˾ͷؾ仯һƬ֮
ǰƵʯ䣬ʯѱٴ룬ֻʣ²ԫȻʯϵȴɸС
ٵʯϣѪԼɼµʴɢ
ʯźĿĶɽ磬ѱٴϹʱѹʮأȻʯҲз绯
붫ɽ磬ǰƵ磬ɫԽء
ش٣ɽ٣䣬һжͻȻǣɽ֮ȴǵش٣ڰڶɽ֮ǰ˼ɵ
ѵɽ֪֮ڰ
УΪλ˴٣
ʣԼĴ٣㾡ȫѰֹ֮
ɽУķԼɼһɽ䣬ȴѾʧ
ɽͷһ䣬עԶɵɢΪȥ
ɵǰ߳Ŀ⿴ǰɵƿɵš
¡¡УɵſС
ɵУһƬţûκɵУʶͿһֱɵȥ
ٴɵһ뵱û̫仯Ψһͬǣǧ꣬ɵеϢԽŨˡ
ɵʷǧ²ʲôȻ˵ǧ
ɵڣ谵쳣ǲҹ黹ɢһЩâмѲ
ţ㲻ĳţУŲţһһ
ռߵһ׵ĴͻȻɫһ
ԣ
Уһ׾ϣף񣬽ʣһ
ϵףŲһ̤
ϣΨһһףһ룬ǿ򷨣˲ֱӡ
ǰףɫԽء
ףȡһӦûʣǡ
ûмǴʧٵгеһȾѪذ
ʲôȡ˵ףֻΪһȾѪ
ʲôˣɽ֮
ͷãջĿ⣬ǰס
ͽǶУɽķâ±ס
ڣԶԶʱ䣬ɲ㣬һϦꡣ
ϵĹ׸ǣڵǿ򷨣ɫ
УƾһС磬̫ʱϹʱڣܻš
ǧУѶȹ֪£ʱǡϹ֮ʼ
Խ̫źԶţϹʱĴɽ緢չ۷壬ħʱеĿΨгɡ
Уϡɼ˶ɽ٣𻯷
ţ
ͻȻɫһ¶ɫ
ɽٵһĨɫϢ֣΢ļɲ
ٺ˷Ψһ˿ɫϢ˼䡣
ڰ
ڰ֣ںڰϤӳյϹžɫԽء
һ˹ȻˣڰԷˡ
˼Ƭ̣ǰеǿ硣
ЩҪ˽йغڰԴӦ֮


1542 ڰ֮Դ
ɵڣǿ磬У鿴ڰԴͷ
ǿڣܻϹųڣ˼ʿϼ֮ʣϵĺڰϢȴ˼䡣
ǣΪ죬³Ϊء
ƶϼ·˼䡣
ǧ꣬䣬ٳɶ࣬վΪյĺڰ
ǿУµţһҲ֮Ѹɢ
磬ɲǰ꣬Ϊ˽ڰԴǿվꡣ
£һɢȥ룬Ȼħ֮ҲԳų֡
У˼ǿ߷ɽ磬˼۵ĺڰҲԽԽ࣬Ѿʵʡ
أֲ֪˶ã˼ĺڰǿʼǣȻ΢ȴɸС
ǵĺڰܶСͷ·Сһ񽣣ܷӳʵޡ
ֻǣѿʼѿĺڰȴû˷֣ȻɽɾҲû¡
˶ƶ֮Ȿƽ飬˭롣
Թ壬Ӻڰֺںڰиʤˡ
ǿУ²ţ˼ĺڰҲ֮Ѹٳɳ
˼ʿ󣬺ڰµԽԽ࣬Ȼںڰ׳ʱ򣬶ɽ磬λʮصɽ֮ڲ˼ı仯
ɽУ֣ɽ֣һ춯صĽɽն˼䣬ɹɢؼĺڰ
һ֮˼ĺڰʧ»ָ
ǿϣһĻɫԽ⡣
ڰѱɽ֮նȥǺĺڰ
ɻȴǰ˼⡣
ʱǿУٶȱ仯
˼䣬֪η˵ӣʮ֮ʱʴϻۣš
ʱ䣬յĺͯгɣΪ˼һλֻ꣬ϼ֮ˡ
ɽ磬˼ְʿɽ綼Ϊ֮𶯡
ɽ֮׳˼ʿΪӡ
ĽĿУµ˸汱ɽ֮һɹ
ٶȹȥɽ֮չأΪӵɽСһʱ޶
ǿϣ·ɫ쳣
ܸо˲Ծֻǻﲻԡ
ʱһȥɽ֮չص꣬ɽϿȥȻƽǣȴӿ
µ˿ʼչ¶ҰģеȨƿʼԼų켺һƿرɽ硣
£˵ΪҲԽԽߣһ
ǿϣ˵ĳɳ쳣ڡ
̫ˣ
ϲŭǡ˼֡ƻ񣬵ǣ;УὥĮǶòô
ǣȴǼ̰գϸǴŲ֪αߣ̰ɡ
ɸеĳȻʵ̫ˡ
ѵ
·ɽ羵һɿµĲ롣
ǣЩڰȷѾɽ֮һնˣҲûиܵκκڰ
ɻѽ⣬ֻܼȥȻأһɢ룬Գų֡
ɽѰӦشٺͺڰ֮ʱ˼䣬ǿ֮ϣһѺ۳֣𶯡
˼䡢磬޾µʱձش½٣ħ˼䡣
ĩ֮£ֻţħеĸȷŴ󣬻˼䡣
ޱ񾳣˼׷׳ֹħȻ˼ʵʵ̫ˣħ̽˼䣬£˼ҡ
Σʱ̣еǳ˻ع飬̳ɱǿߣħ
˼ǿߵǿħʱâûĿŵĻ˼䡣
ޱ񾳣еۣ߸֪֪䣬ڷ
ʱ䣬һֱѰ֪䣬֪֪İˡ
֪Ѿȥ˰ꣿǳʵ
š
ߵͷȥѰӦشٵİ취Ҳ֪ˡ
ȥ
еתҪ뿪

ڣɽ磬ȥһΣʲôΣգǱȴɡ
еԣüͷ壬ȴҲûзͷӦ¡
񾳣ĵطҲܳΪ𣿡
ʱϿգҡأһǿӰƾ߳ħֶ֣ǿѹ
˵һĻϣħϢӿա
ϣе̧ͷĿ⿴ϿյħŨɱ
شЩ˾Ҫ䡣
ȻˣǱɱɣ
Ứɫ۶ĿħյӰֱʡ


1543 С׻
ޱ񾳣ħǿѹħ֣ħ졣
ɱ¾ħɱһֱѹɱԵĻеҲеɱ
Ứ棬еչΪˮ䳤裬Ϊ޵ȥħ·
Уڰ׵ݺύ裬ɱ졣
Ѫ޵һζû䵽棬·𺳵ĿУħȫɱһڡ
ɱħħһѪϢ˲
ڸһλλ˼ŴħӰڡ
̫ϾߣȻǿһħ
˼Ĭһ̣˭Ҷ˵ʲô
֪УħΪаȻħȴػ˼䡣
е˻ع飬˼ʱɽ磬磬أϹųһֱ۲Ϲڣ£һɢȥ롣
ɽУ˷ɽ꣬ʵﵽ
ɽ֮һֱչزߵľ硣
ƿرɽ磬꣬ɽС
ɽУȫĪеԭʧɾ;ͷ˶䲻١
ɽϿգűɽԽԽء
µûڰѲ˸ϵ
شʱɽ֮ͻȻ裬ҲӦôΪˡ
ǣ˺ͺڰʲôϵǺڰ
ǰɽ֮һȷնɱ˺ڰŶԡ
˼⣬ֻܼȥ
ڣϹʱһ١
ؼ䣬Ⱥħ֣˼֮⣬ԭʼħʮλħս˼䡣
սһ
ԭʼħʮλħǿһħҲľǿߡ
ʮħǿѹ˼Σ
Σ̣֮Ĵɽˣħ
ɽУɽǿ߳Ҫٶ
ɽ磬һλŮӣΪߣ˿ѷɫˡ
ǿĶɽ磬ɳɽĶǿ߳
սԭʼħʮħŰǿǿƶĴɽһսĴɽǲҰܡ
ԭʼħһħΪһ˱㵲Ĵɽ󲿷ǿߣսס
ԭʼħʤ׷һ
ȫ治ɽ磬ĸ׳ͷϵǿϻһ޾ʱյӡ
Ӻ嫣ޱ޼ʣԭʼħǰ֮·
ԭʼħǰ·ʱ裬ĴɽõϢ֮
꣬ɽ֮ȴûг֡
뿪ɽ磬һ·Ϲħ֮սĲң쳣
£ԭʼħȹӣ˼䡣
һ꣬˼ս죬һ򼸺Ϊ档
ս꣬뿪սǰ˶ɽ硣
֪Ϊλɽ֮һֱûг֡
ɽϿգӰ֣ѰһɵȴҲɽ֮Ӱ
·ƾʧһ㣬ɽ֮ʧȥټȻɽУҲ֪䡣
Ѱã뿪ɽ磬˼ѰҶɽ֮
ʱ䣬̤˼ÿ䣬ûпɽ֮Ӱ
һ꣬Ĵɽٶ֣ǿԭʼħĴ
ħĴ뽩֣һʱ䣬˭޷Ѹٽս
һ뿪˼䣬ǰ硣
оأ߲ʣԶ޾ʱ⣬߹磬絽죬һһѰ
Ȼɽ֮Ӱɲɼ
ڣѰʱһ޵ĴĹǰҵ˶ɽ֮Ӱ
ĹֻͨԵЩѰĹǰɽ֮վһվꡣ
Ĺϣż֣ȥȻʱ޾£һоԵģԿ塣
ʱ򣬴Ĺǰɽ֮ףһ˫ɣӷ·͸ֻؿǰ
Ŀԣɲ㡣
䣡
޾ͷһƳգ谵硣
ĿУӳŶԷӰһֻؽӳǧꡢꡣ
գɽ֮ȥع˼䡣
ɽ֮ȥãеĴĹϣһСϾȾһ
¶˼֮ɫãȥ
Ƕ׵İ׻ϤΪʲô
뿪޿ռ䣬֪ķ磬С׻Ʈҡ޶˼䡣
ֻأһʼ
һ꣬ڷңıӰ˸ߴңɼ
С׻⣬ȴֺ棬ԣ˼䡣
ȻС׻ֻ֪أʧȥǰʶ
С׻Ĵڣɽ֮û⣬ˣȴˡ
Ե֣ӷǰһ۽¡
˼䣬ɽ֮عǿƳ֣һ֮ɱʮħеľˣԭʼħܡ
ʮħ֮ĩһħֻܵ˴սĲ㱻𾳣Ҳ޷Ȭ
˻ħĸ֣ԭʼħĳڷӡˣս
սµ˳սһԪʼħıԴ


1544 ֻ
磬λϹţ£Ѱʷࡣ
ɽ˼Ƶһ꣬ħɽ緢սսٱ˼ÿ䡣
ؼʱ̣ɽ֮޹һǿɱħŴħŤתս֡
ħܣַӡԭʼħ˼ڣս׽
ħ˱˼ɽԶϢ˭ûע⵽ڱɽУصĹѸٳɳ
޾ħ;ŴħıԴͻͽԼ䣬˳Խơ
ɽףɽ֮ʼձչδأ֪ʲô⡣
Уͣغһͷ׷ʼŵĻɫȻԳųµ
ޣڣıԴԶգٶȷˡ
޾µĲ̫ʱ𣬼еҪ
ˣһѸٻָͻƼ޺Լ䣬ǿȸʤǰ
ڴˣɫûκα仯·Ԥϡ
ͬʱɽ磬ɽ֮ɽۣ֮Ŀ⿴ǿգɣӱ¸㡣
ϵµһˣ޵ɽ磬һħ
˼䡢硢Ĵɽ磬е˶֪ɽλײɵУ޵УϧȻǿ綫ɽ֮Ҳ顣
ԣڶɽ֮ǰ˼һλӣҵǣڶɽ֮Σʱȣ档
ձûлɽ֮ɣ޵ϵµĵһ졣
ɽ֮ɣΪʮصһ˵ʱʱ䣬һжѸı䣬ջɢҲûиϣ
飬ȥıԶȥʮصһˣҲ޷ıĹ
˵ɽ֮Ϊ˸ӣϧֻأ죬ȪظľУظ򴩣ȴѰغյһ
ɽۣ֮ɽ֮أɣԽãֹ֪˶ãᶨ
ɲǼ䣬ɽϿգӿؾɫ
Ƭ̺ϣ޴г֣Ͻֻأס
ɽֻ̧֣֮огһƵľÿһΪʱһĵεΡ
ǧ񣬻Ϊǹ˼䣬ûһλ˵ĸС
ϣһĻ¶𺳡
ɽ֮Ҫʲô
˼䣬ʮº󣬸һλŮº󣬱㲻
ʮ꣬Ӥ󣬳ͤͤȴʱշ֪Щʲô
˵ŮǸɵӣŮҲÿտգ˼顣
һ󣬸˲ţŮТں뿪˼ң֪䡣
һλŮӾ£Ůװѹ
ǵϣŮӻָŮϵ䡣
ʵ𾪵ͬʱŭдŮ۾֮
ŮӱѹΣպ󣬵ն
Ů޾壬̵һ죬ϵһ¶Цݡ
һֵˡ
̣նµʱŮɢΪǹʧ˼䡣
ɽ磬ɽ֮˼ľûٲ֡
һ֮һƵľֻأһΣ˼ԡ
֪ηŮתڶϵһӶݣŮϰ䣬̶̶ʮأԷѧľ硣
ƾ׵ʣŮӶʮʱ򣬱⻯˽Լݵһ
ŮͶ̥˻ңٻòȻŮɲʮ껪档



ɽ磬ǿϣɽ֪֮һͬŮһһֻأ꣬ǧ꣬꣬·Զûоͷ
һһŮÿһûлʮ꣬õ껪Ȼš
ȻÿһŮʧ󣬻ǧУԽԽŨԼ䣬һ˿
ظϣظľĿ⿴˼䣬Ůһһֻأ֮ɫ
û¾ֻأһһ󣬾ǲ
ôܣ
ɽۣ֮ɽ֮ϣɹڣ޵еΪٶ
֪ŮٶֻأϣףͻȻһ
ɽۣ֪֮ʱɽ֮Ӱʧ
ͬһʱ䣬˼䣬һλ꣬¶֪֮
ڵظ֮Уϵĵظ־Ҳʧһͬ˼䡣
ɽ͵ظľֻͬأҪֻصıʡ
֮ϣֻصˣɫԽء
䣬Ĵֻ
ֻأʲô
˼䣬ꡢŮͬʱģһλϲµŮӡ
겻ϲµŮӣƢͶͳ
ŮǺᡢƽ⣬һֱΪŮ˵û
ڲԶȺУһλعŮע꣬оǳ֮ɫ
ŮУһժµС׻覣ʢ˼ѩ


1545 ̫
磬ɽ硢ظֻ֮ͬأ˼
ڤڤ֮У·һֻεٲٿˣܻܹı䡣
Ӣ䣬ٵ־볯ãһࡣ
·ԽԽ죬ȴԽԽµ
һһֻصŮӣһδܻʮ꣬޵һʱš
ǱˣλȨأȴ޷ΪİŮ
ʱ֣Σ
Σòеıˣս
սпᣬϦ֮䣬ÿΣʱһĨĺٻӰܻǰһδ仯Σ
ڣ屻ˣʦسһɣ˲Ŀ
ʳǣӭİУһ˫Ͼ۾ע꣬һ統꣬ûκθı䡣
˵ֻأδı䣬꣬ĹϵС׻Ŷɽ֮ȥıӰ񳯣Ů꣬ģѩӴ
ʦسǰעӵĿУ䷢
ȺУһλŮɵһֱӹš
׵һĻ˶ûԤϵһ
ߣ꿴ǰɴİŮӣ𾪵ӽָƽ
¶΢Цͽѣһֵˡ
׹ŮҲûѣӽأߡ
ŮĹܣ˲أŮһ·ʳǣиʱ򣬳ִɱ
ŮҲ֪Լܻԣֱѡء
һݣŮӵһֱնһֻأȴҲµԵ
ϣ·Խ֡
£ɳеˣǲʶΪһȾϱܲ
ֻصĳּתٴתɵĴɣ˸һо˵
ʮ꣬ɷ֮֮ǰδеĿ츳Խκ콾
Ȼ˶Ϊķɽʱȴǳϵˡ
ֵɻһλŮӣһ춯أطȽٵʱشꡣ
գɫУȫɣҷ
ɽ£µŮĿ⿴ɽϱڵŭףʧ
֪ΪΣŮУˮ䣬ʪ
һѸϣ˼䣬һλɫ԰׵ŮӼѵػ˶ʮأҲųֲס
Ů˫ۣͬʱˮ
Ůӵһնȥ̫࣬ԵһԵա
һһֻأĽֶһֻأÿһᱻһλŮ׷ɱ
ǰԹΪⲻļˡ
ھңһ츳ӿֲ
̶̶ʮ֮꣬ٽʱԶŮӵĽ춯ض
̧֣˰ŮӵĽȻŮӵɱô׵ס
£˴սգһʵʤһŮ䡣
ֻǣҲڴսشɽʧܣһΪϡ
׹˼䣬һλŮ񵽣ŮӣϾ
Ůĵһۣıᶯһ£֪Եɡ
Ů꣬һһĵȴŮڲֻıӰ
Ů£꿪ʼǼѣȴûзһһαչؿޡ
Ůû츳һֱ꣬ʱһȱǽʮꡣ
ǣ˵˶ݣмʮꡣ
գչصʱŮԪľһͷ
ŮչصʯңҪٳųּգһۡ
ȻŮ̫ˣƣ۾ϣ˶ݵһ
һк޻ڣֵˡ
պأ쾪Х˼䡣
صһ۱㿴˯ŮӺݺһ
һһò仯ʡ
Ӱ׾ɽ֮еĲɣԽŨ
ʱԶһƿնµŮӣһʮظͬһ¡
̫ϣɱᡣ
ɽ̧֣֮˫ָסĽ⣬Ȼһ۶̫е
ɼŮѪĿ⿴ǰɽ֮һѪ޲Ͻ
ϽܣâҫĿŮӰӹ֮䣬ɽ֮ǰ
ɽ̧֣֮һԪӿҪǰ̫ϣͻȻ֮ϣؾ䡣
ϣһ˵Ѻ۳֣Ӱ
֮䣬
ɽ磬ʣ޴Ѻ£µ˿ʵѺۣϵЦԽá
ѿֱ֣ɽ֮ɫ仯һ̤ʡ
Ѻм䣬ɽ֮ͣΣ˫ԪΪǿסϱѵʱա
䣬ⲻϣϣһ޴г֣Ӱ
Ԥ֮⣬֮еĵʮ


1546 ʮ
˼䣬س䣬ңһλأʱ衣
ʮֻأתΪӡ
쳯ƫһС򲢲󣬱䳯Ů棬ʳǴΪ೸⣬쳯ǿԱ
䳯˲ŵ㣬Ʋӣ˥ء
ƽⱻƣŮ쳯ĴҲΣ
תĵʮ쳯ʵȡԢܸ쳯ˣ֮󣬱ֱӱΪ̫ӡ
ʮ꣬󣬼Уʳ궼սÿθƣ
ȻȻʵս쳯Ĺշһռ٣ѵŮ泯
ϰ䣬ÿնϣΪľгһܹɱУ
ʮĳ񼴽쳯ʵۿǰ߻ʱҡҷΪ쳯ѵôһʤ̡
·ۣ쳯ʱŮһԣʮ˹ʮ֣νٹڡ
ȻĳŸոսǰٶȴսŮʮٳ¡
쳯ʹò׶Ϣ쳯ʵ۲òٶսף
ʱ쳯ʵۿԼѾ˵Ķӣƽ㳤ˣҪѧᱣǵļˡ
ͷӦ£˸ʵĻ
쳯ʵˣٴ
һ꣬쳯ʵȥһûлʺΪ˻£һλŮΪۣϲ£Ķ
ۼһģԥؾʹӦ˻¡
֪ĸİźĬԣûеͷȴҲûзԡ
֪Ϊ쳯̫ӣЩ£Լѡ
ͼ۵Ĵĺܿ죬Ϊʺϣ˵Ĵܸϲˡ
˴ϲӣʹĿޣλ˹ݣʱʹ⣬һλѪĽ˻ʹ
ǰ·УŵʢװĻʺ󣬿Źصʺսˣ
һ䣬ֵĴʱӺݺһ
̫ӵ£һ񡣡ͷ£˵
ع񣬿ŰĴϵĸֳϵĺ籣ߵһ彣ŵȥ
ƽĸ󡣡
䣬ϽսŻʹȥ
պ̫ԮǰߣѾ쳯ؽʿ쳯Ĵ죬ʿʱ𣬱˵
Ůǰߴܵ쳯ؽʿԮһˡ
ʤ׷ҪһŮǰߴ
Ůǰߴȫ˵ʱ򣬺󷽣¡¡ŮԮʮ۱ˮȫѹ
ǰһλŮڶٽսʱ˫һ
棬һǰ쳯̫ӡ
ʮĶԹٶȱŮ泤̫ս״ν档
˵һˣɣ˱޿ɱܡ
쳯ǰӽǰʮλŮ潫ʿĿ⿴ǰһɫ£һ̤ܣӲ
ﬣ
˫ӣұһ飬˺벽
УŮӽƸı佣ƣ࣬˿϶
ܿ棬ֿ̧Ůʺ
ŮһۣӰͬĮɱԡ
⣬Ůͣ£ӳɱࡣ
ǧУ˴ս֮䣬˿̸ա
쳯ս쳯ʵˣˡ
Ϊ˱쳯ȻǧΧûаη塣
Ůĳ£쳯ŵĽʿԽԽ١
ǧΧϵԽԽأսȾѪ
ɱ
ŭȣ˫սȻǰŮӡ
ʮ⣬ŮٶͣΣĿ⿴ǰ쳯̫ӣɱʢ
ż
󷽣һλŮĽڣ
ǧǧʸɳ飬񣬴
սϣһԡѪʵļʸһ˫ûκξɫ
кξ壡
ϧٱĻʳ
ĸ󣬶Т
ǧʸһٴ۵죬˾ġ
ʱԶһλµŮӿŮо˵һĻӺݺһ

µŮʹ˻һ˫ӣѪỬ
ʮֻأʮվһгɿա
䣡
ʣ¡
쳯̫ӳʱŴ꣬뿪ʱཱུ´͡
սУ£˼һۣź
ˣ
ʮļѸٻݣ˼䣬ǧλӰϣһֲĴѺ۳֣ʱһ̷·ͣ͡
ش٣ޡ
Σʱ̣ϣһλӰع飬ذ׵Ⱦһ
֣һ죬ֹش١
ңԶıɽ磬ɽ֮ƹضͷɢһ˫ӱѪ죬˻
ԶµһĨĻȣ˲


1547 ؽ
˼䣬ʮֻأ쳯̫ܾ򽣴Ķɽ硣
ʱ侲ֹֻؾͷشٵ
ɽ磬ɽ֮ƹضȾ죬״
ɽɽɳɷ졣
ɽ֮ս˻һն˱ɽػ޾µ
صһֱӶϾϣضʱб
ĩգ֮
˼ˮģػӿֲĩ֮٣ÿ䡣
˼٣ͬ⵽һ𶯣ٲϡ
֣֮ħ𾪡
ϣħֹ٣Ȼĩ֮٣ȻħҲֹ
ɽУ˿˼ľЦԽá
֮ʣϣһλذĸӰƾ߳
ʱ꣬ɽ֮䣬һ죬бء
ʮصһˣ޵ϵµ֮һ˳˼ϣ
˼䣬տʣ¶֮ɫ
ˣˣ
УǧɽԲ졣
ϣһɽʣɻĶн仯̬Ϊ֮ʯ
ʣһѿ֮У裬ûһһ˼ǳء
죬Ĳ֮ʯʣ޲֮ۡ
ҹԼգ֮ϣһ֮۱޸˼ĴҲͣ¡
֮޸һͻȻٶ𾪣һӿµѺ۳֣䡣
һǵأƽ⣬Ȼ޲죬Ҳٶѿ
ϣɽ֮ԴͷĿ⿴ɽ硣
ɽ羡ͷ٣ųֵ䣬ˡ
䣡
ĩվУɽ׹٣˺ɾȫ䣬ġ
ŵһĻɽڣȫΪɽ׹ٶᡣ
ɽ׹ʱµ˲û룬ƾɽ׹˼䣬ɫûκξɫеֻ޾ķ
ˣˣ
𾪵ĿУɽ׹䣬ײ˼һſǡ
ɽ磬ɫ䣬ǿʶعأ¾£ɢ˼ĺڰ
˼򣬲绹ɽ磬ǿ߾졣
£˺ħ䣬Եֵĩ֮١
Ȼǿɽ֮ĸܵһһٵĳҲȾ졣
ٵģɽ֮һ˵ֵشٵľҳͦεȴƬ
زΪۻɽ֮죬ҪŤת֮١
ڲĹؼ׶Σ֮ϣڰ٣ڱ˼΢ɼϣ֮⡣
磬ϹŴܻϹŵľɫԽ𺳡
ԭˣ
еľ֣ɽܺڰľԪѪ粹Ϊ˼ϣ
޲󣬶ɽ֮彥ɢ룬ء
ȥĺڰ֣ҪŶɽ֮䣬˼Ԫ˵ʱȡ֮Դ
ⲻϣѾĶɽ֣֮ɽشڰ˺ڰıߡ
Ϊ˼һеĶɽ֮һ˿Ҳɢȥɢ
Զֻиյĵظ־һĻһ˫˲Ѫ졣
ĿϹŴٵǰĿԽԽ
֮£λɽ֮ˣɼٵĿ¡
˽ܶȹ£罫һ˴
Ҫȹ˽٣±Ҫɡ
졢޸ɱڰ
һ»˵ѵǺ¡
޸ҪĻ֮޴Ѱɱڰϼѡ
ڰƽȣشٵڰѹ
أ飬Ҳ顣
ڰԴȪеĺڰкڰСӰأǣٳɶ࣬ƥЩɽĴߡ
ĩ֮£ĵĺڰٱǧţڰҲ˻ԽԽǿ
ֻǣĩ֮£Ĳ
Ĭ˼
ãع߳硣
ڰǿкڰչΪҪǣ˼ٶȿϣ
ɽ磡
ɳɵֱʡ
ɸ߿ϣ·ƵĶɽ磬һȣԻ
ɽɽسǿշȥ
׵һĻ죬ƶɽطǿա
ɽϣְͬƶɽء
ޱ֮Уе˸ܵԶ޴Ĳ׷ӳ񾳡
ǰ˿ǰ˵ľɫ𾪡
֪
ʲô
ǰеӰɹɽء
Ҫʲô
еڣʵ
ؽ򣡡
ƽ
еԣ΢΢ûٶʣͷãҰ㣡
䣬ˮӣɽأһͬƶɽǰȥ


1548 ڼ
ޱǿ֮ϣɽ½Ưɽϣ°׷Ӱһ֮ɽƺ
˼״׷ǰ
Ҫؽλҡ
ǰ˼λ֣ڵ
ǳǧԣɫһƬ̺󣬻ع񣬵ͷӦ¡
֮ǰû˵Цشʱ˱
ɽں¥ǧ䡢ǳ֣㽻ˡɫ
زʹ¥ͷ
źȥ
ɽһ֪ɵпϹʱµӰɽӦ׹˰׵Ů㣬£ͷһˡ
һԵλŮӣɫ
š
ףǻᾡѰɽ䡣
Ҳ뿪Ŀ⿴ǰˣɫҪȥһｻλˡ
ǰȥɣȣʱ¡ɫ
ˡ
Ӧһ䣬ĿɨˣɫºأΪβǡ
뿪ʱһɺڰϢº¶Ϻδ顣̾
һȴҲûбֳ֣ս˫ȭǿѹе
ʱʧȥǡ
һȥ
󣬻еǰƽȴǲݾܾ
š
ͷûоܾ
뿪ǿձȥ
ٵ˼ǿǸԷ׳ԼһΪԼΪһ˿ȥϣ
ħӣе߳Ŀ⿴ǰٴء
һش̫ң赲˼ѻȥ롣
飬һʼϴ磬ȻħҲ⡣
ɵʲôеڣ
ϹʱشٵĵӰش
Щڰأ֪еɫ£ٶʵ
ġ
صĵĸǺڰԴȪĩĵĸţڰҲ޿赲
еԣгɫˡ
ĩֹĵĺڰ
߰ɣҵɽż
˵һ䣬ǰȥ
˼ҪϣΨдϣѹеıͺڰ
ɵǣɽλףܻܿԤϲΣ
ɽ֮һնɱ־ĺڰؼ䣬ڰɢⲻϣڰ־ֻأٶȻع顣
ֻأĴڣɽֻ֮أؼдļƬӣڰͬİ취Լ
һſűٵĴǳǿУһƬǽ塣
δ̤Ļ֮أɽ׹٣ײǣС򳹵׻Ϊء
ͻеУǰһһűٵĴǣ¶𺳡
Сһ㡣ڣѵ
еͷһħʱпֵܳΣա
ǿЩؽ磬Ȼħδ̤㣬ǿվͷ̫δ֪֮ء
˽δ֪֮غǰеٶ£ȫ䱸Ҵ⡣
䣡
ǿ𶯣һһ޴Ѻſشٽ˼δ֪֮ظӲȶϳֲֿѺۣһһŲƵĴǡ
˱ܿѺۣԶЩٵ֮ۡ
˵˶ǣҲұ֤ЩѺɻܻ߳
ǰаգǰһ޴Ѻ۵סȥ·ǿյۣ֮·ûоͷ
еͣ½ŲĿ⿴ǰѺۣ¶ɫ
ô죬·𣿡еʵ
û·ˡ
ȹȥ
еͷûκԥ
Ȼǰǵɽ𺣣Ҳ
˶ֱûǰ֮ۡ
ѺУ޾ޣûκζʱͿռ䶼Ѳڡ
֮⣬ʱţ棬һȴ·ֹ
ͻеǰУҪ쵽Ѻ۾ͷ
ʱһһչȥ¥ǳƶɽޱͬһʱ䣬׵ŮѰɽżֽޱ
ǿģޱ򣬶ɽ粢£϶Ϊһ
¡¡𶯣쳹أɽ粢ϣ
֪أûлǧ俪ʵ
ûУ֪͵ǰȥѰұɽżûκϢ
ԣɫ
ͻеΪӦñǸŶԣѵʲôΣˡ
򣬺ǿյѺУӰӹþԵ˰
ͬʱѺһž޴ĺڼڼУϴһһ
ڰ룬һձһǿ޸˵ش
شٵĵʮٱӣڰƼҲ֮


1549 ڰ
һǿյĴѺУ֪ħޣҪǿձ˰
Ϊؿ򣬸Ϊһ̽걱ɽأϧգԽ޾ʱգѰұɽ䡣
еĬ飬롣
˼ǰУ޾Уһ·õľš
䣡
磬ҡһѺ۲ӣֱǿ
У˸ܵı仯һۣٶԽԽ졣
Ǳ뾡뿪򣬺пõı硣
磬ʱţת࣬磬ڿһ˿˰ǰ
Ȼʱٶ
˰֮ǰɫϢƣ޾ڱα˰Ĺ
״ɫһ𣬲Ƭ̳ɣһȣɽ
ʦ㣬ߣ
ԪʮƼӳ֣ݵһ˲һնδȫʵĺڰеͳ硣
е𾪣δü񣬱㱻˳ȥ
ǧҪûгȥʦһҪɽޱ򡣡
ŷ˰Ļеȵ
䣬նĺڰѸʵҲһ˿
ݵıһϢָԭܣڰϢΪΡ
Ůӵòǣǰδȴǿ˾塣
ǰŮӣգԻ
ǰŮ˫Уһ޴ʵɫϢƣ·ʱ˶ɡ
һ̣Ů˲Ϣ֮䣬ǰ
ɫƵŮӹɱˡ
ľӽֵȻһӲ
˳ɣϢǰɫۣŮٶȳ֣ӭն¡
һ˷̧סնµ֮
ߣŮȭһȭʯ쾪
¡죬ȴɲϺˣϣǿƻС
һƷˣ󺣣ŮԡУɫϢӳңǿѹ·
һ޼᲻ݵķ棬Ǳڰѹ£ռðϷ硣
ش٣ɢڰʢڰҲ֮ѹ˹Ȼʥķ棬ѵڰʴ
ն£ǰһ˵˿ڳ֣Ѫӿɼǡ
ʮ⣬һģһѪŻֻн棬ش
ڰȫѹǿ֪ҲԿڰ
һе֣Ůٴӹۼ䣬ֿ̧סǰʺ
ڰת֪֮
ǿձ˰еܵϢʧӾҵĲ

ͬʱޱǧҲ֪ܵϢʧɫһ
˺£
ԶžʹĿڣɫһƬ԰ס
ĸӦðظܵٵš
عĿ⿴Զİһ̣İȴѲ֪ʱȥ
ǿձ˰еãڣƽ²ľתȥ
Ҫȥ顣
е뿪ǰǿѰұɽټ
磬İĵ֣ɭ˲
ɫУŮӳ֣һǰĴȥ
ڣһӰȫźɫÿһ˵ʵǿ󣬳Խ˼
ϡ
ŮӻعһӰ񣬵
ڰľǺڰ֮һڤԨ
ڤԨ֣ͳڤڰ׼֮
ǣ
һλڤ֪뿪˴
ڤڰѹĵطڤԨףȻǿˣҲ޷ѡ
ڤԶϤӰͬ˯ڤУʧѾõ¡
֪ܣΣڵϦشٲӣ˼ͬʱ٣ĩգ˿һ˿ϣ
ڰǿ˾Ժڰ֮һİ֮졣
ʱԶϣһʥֳϢӰ߸ϵؿ˼䣬Ʈ㣬޾ħԽһ
˼䣬ĩˡڤڣ
䣬ϣһԻУһõӰ֣ǿº͡
˼䣬ϹʱᣬʱҲᡣУһƽ͵𣬵
ֲ𣿡ڤ
˼ҪϣУƽ͵ٶӦ
ڤ̧ͷʵ񰡣Ĳֻ֣˵ûա
ϣ̾ûٶ˵ʲô
˼䣬磬ڤУУ컯ٷʢ
ʮ컯ڵĺڰ
֪˶ã˫ںڰվ


1550 ڰ
ڰһڤڰ֮һڤԨʮȴڰ֮ĸա
شٵ˼ڰڰ֮ĻָٶԽԽ죬˳صʱ
ڰɽشĺڰ֮Ϊڼ룬ոһ˼ĺڰ޸
ѹƣڰʱһ٣˿ֹ
ڰ֮ϢѽԽ˾ǿߣֵʱкܵסڰ
һڤУ컯컯ɢڵĺڰϢ
ѣӺڰ
ԶڰУ¡ڰסУʼղ
ǰעűڰеˣɫ쳣
һ̣ԻʢɢڤеĺڰϢ
̧֣йˣͣҪ׼뿪
ᣡ
ʱĺɫУһһɳƵ𣬷·ʴ˺Եѡ
ͣ½ŲĿ͸ڰԴ
һһǿӰ޾ѱĥĲΡ
ȻȻˣܴЩϸܵǹɿµϢ
ᣬ뿪
һǿħУһλĸݵ߿ڣ
ᣡһ֮λã
ԶһλŮͬڣȻò࣬ȴϡܿյľ绪
һλλǿĴڣ˼綼һǿߣȻȫڰڴ˵أҹܿࡣ
ڰе˶̫ˣ֪ѱںڰж꣬ȫɿݣľ
ЩϿһֲֿû޾ºǷҲúЩһڰɴ
Ȳǣ
ʱڤϿգɫۣڤԨ
绪Ůӣֳ־޴Ϊڰ֮һǿ˾
·˼ˣ¶壬ɪɪ
̧֣ǿޱȵһƣֱħһʱǿǰĻᶼûС
һ𣬲ٶչᳯڤȥ
ɶ꣬Ҳɳڰȥ𣿡
ϣڤԨؼ䣬һ޴ĺɫѺ۳֣ȥǰ·
ɫĿռѺۣڰϢӿԨһС
ǰ·裬̸ı䷽򣬳һ߷ȥ
ڤԨˣȻҲҪ˷ô𣿡
ڴʱǰϣɫӿһϢ˿ѷĿֲ߳ȥǰ·
ֱץסķһ˺ѿ
Ļںڰʧһƺߣһ̤˺ɡ
һֻ˺£󱳣Ѫ죬Ⱦ¡
Խˣ
ϣڤԨڣһĨ⣬ڵ
Ľ̫ˣѲͷһ̡񵭵
ڤԨԣɫΪΪڤܹ֮棬񣬲ʹݣ
ǡ
ЦĿ⿴ǰķˣֻһϢڤԨץס˻ϲġ
˵̧֣꣬ڰϢӣ֮ضʴ
״Ų̤ٶȺˡ
ⲻϣϣڤԨ
ٶȣκףգʱһ̶·ֹͣ
䣡
Σһ̣ףһӭϣ±ɱ
¡¡𶯣쳹ڤͬһʱ䣬Ӷۡ
һĻ۴ָʼʴתۼ䣬ɵֱۡ
𾪣һ˲عûκԥһնԼۡ
ѪȾɫħԪӿħգ޸ơ
ħ־Ϊ
ϣλڰɫûκξȣΪǿûκֵþ֮
Ŀǰ˶ڤԨٶȣ˲ǰĲ˼顣
ڰ̫δ֪ͬʱϺڰеλȫ·磬Ϧ֮䡣
ڤУλʵֲĺڰ֣ռƵ
磬ݺύƵˡ
ѪȾ£ȻڰΣԺڰǿߣռϷ硣
ԵĿƣ޶ȵѹĽգڰѼ޿ɵֵ
Ȼһƣڰ͸ӰɳɣĿȾ졣
δ䣬ϣն£ǿ
䣡
һ˫£ұѪ䣬ϼˡ
ǰĿעǰˣ΢Ц˺ķˣܰ졣
䣬ֱ̧֣ӹǰš
һĻǿ֪Ժڰȫܱ
ĩճ׽˼䡣


1551 
ڤڰеλش֪
˺ѣֱ۶ȥҲȻŲ֮ཥԳų֡
ѪȾ£ڰǿ˾ѹƵĩԷӳԭʵ
֮䣬ǰİ׷ˣЦ˼ǿߣҲˡ
ɽأѪ˳Ž䣬ѪŴ룬ʶһȴִֵĲϵ¡
䣡
䣡
֪һжѽλѵҲ
䣡
䣡
ѪȾݣŲִ֣һħ֮Ԫӿ羪ΣˣںڰУǿгſһƬ
Ŷʶ𣿡
ʢǰ׷Ϣı仯ɫ
ڰУɫĻȼգħ桢ɻ֯޾ĺڰ
ɫУ°׷Ӱž˵ĸ£Ƥʼѣ
ΪǿжûδյֱԴǿںϡ
δֲֿ֪𵴣棬ħ֮棬棬ΪǰδеĻ֮档
ɫĻ֮棬ȼһУڰ֪Լ
Ѫܻ֮֮棬µʹ࣬ʶ
ԶڰУڤԨ״һ˲֪ǰ
ڰգٶȱ
̧֪Ӳڰ
ɫĻ֮ƣһΣڵ˺ڰϢ
Ȼನ𵴣ʴ
ڤԨֱͬʱѪ
ս׶ܴһţȡ֮Ǹǿҵı䡣
ڤԨ̤ɫХڣһ޴Ӱ֣ɣֳ־޴
󣬾ףն£ֱ֮档
չʵѹ֮ܵ𵴡
ͬһʱ䣬ԶսҲˣͷϣһ޴ıƿӰ֣ƿУɫӿ·
һ̣սУĺɫӶɹ
֮ܵǿĺڰɫУȾһĨ
Ϣٶȱƽһȣʮ˲俪
ȫ汬Ļ֮棬羪κһ˷ӿȥ˵¶ɢڰڤ
ڻ֮ģܵԶķɣ嶼ʼȼУڿʼ
㻹ûʸ񣡡
ߣ߶ڰƿѹ£Ҫǰ˼ǿߡ
ڰƿأһеĺڰҳŷϯĻ֮档
ɿֲսģǵѪ䣬δ£ֲ¶ȷپ
ҵһսֵʱκιѹƣһսԷӣԺڰ֮쳣ࡣ
ʱ٣֣˼ûмᶨٽٺΨпֻţеĺڰ
Ҳɺڰļǿ󣬹ױѹơ
˰ΣҲҪؿĿı˼¿ϣ
ΨĳϣŲᱻڰѹơ
ֻǣؽǰ˺ڰǿĺڰ
ʤûκתأԼĴԣȻսεȼѣƬ̷
ǲһһ
ڰУɫĻҳźڰƿѹƣ˫ֽӡɽƾն
죬ɷڣ޾ĻѸٻۣɽ֮С

УųɽΪ⣬ںڰлҫ۵ĳβҪնһ·
λڰɫ΢ͿһڰӲɽ
䣡
һ磬ڰҳѪɽսֵŻ졣
ڰɱֳһ˲Ļᣬ֮滯ΪŲһ̤λڰмӹڰ硣
ڤУڤԨɫһֲ̧ǵѪ׿ԶȥķˣգһɫǹԻ
ɱУɫǹڰʱգ˲׷ķˡ
ɫǹ͸֮֮
ƺѪȴƬδͣԶȥ
ƻķˣˡ
źڰͷԶȥķˣ
ǰڤԨһϢɫƽ´㲻˺ˡ
ڰ磬⣬ɢΣ֪߳ʧֱӴӴ׹
ʱԶħס׹֪
ǻȥ
еǰܴصİ׷ӣӳһĨˮ΢Ц
ţ㹻ˣ


1552 
ǿգһƬƵĴ½Ư½ϣ֪ԣһȾѪ
ǰħӣڲƴ½ϣһ֮űɽǰС
ޱߵǿգħǰУޱȥ
֪˶ãǿϣѿһ޴Ѻۡ
ѺУڰϢһӰ߳ǿϢ𾪡
ڰɱΣ
е״ħӿݺύˮУỨַ档
ʮλڰǿߴɱħ
е֣ħ졣
˵ĵֱնǿգڰ
¡¡𶯣쳹ǿգ־Ϊڰͷ
ʮλڰǿߣӰ𲻶ߵУ˿ˡ
ڰ͹ˣԵ񣬺ڰǿౣ־ԵǿƣֳУħ·
Ứ滮ڰǿߵ壬նȴ˼ʮ˵ı塣
ԹĺڰͬħԴͬ˼δ֪еѹ
УħȾ죬һɫȹ߳ѪĿ쳣
ս޲ʤ˼䵶Ժڰ˲СĿ
ʵãǾ粻磬Ŀƣùǿߴˡ
ɽ½ϣԲѵϢӿȻУսɲ
ݺύĽ⣬Ϊն֮ƿն
ǿϣһӹնڰǿߡ
ʮλڰǿиУӰöܿһһĽ
ڰǿ߱һ̣еץסʱһħԪעỨ֮Уնһ춯ء
һλڰǿ߱޿ɱܣɫһ̧ӲỨ֮档
䣡
ֲ𶯱Ứնڰǿߵ壬һ޵졣
ڰǿܴʮһڰϢǰ޸ơ
ͬ޵ʮλڰǿߣһپ٣һ
ϢʮλڰǿٶȻָ۷״̬˿ˡ
е״ɫ׳¡
鷳ˣ
Ժڰ˽̫֪࣬ҪԸЩ
ɽ½ϣԲѵ֪ɫĻ֮ħֿڰǿߡ
㰲Ϣǽң
֪Ѳظе׿ź󷽱ɽϵӰ
˵꣬еѪɫħȼѪΪȼһħԪ
Ȼ֪ԸЩǣţֻҪ㹻ǿ󣬱ɱǡ
ħԪȼգѪĿеչǿߵľΪҪԾնɱڰ
սУʮλڰǿ߸ܵǰħϾ˵ѹһۣӰöںϡ
ת֮䣬ڰϢʮλڰǿںΪһУһɫսԻ񱩾ˡ
˲Ϣ󣬺ڰǿɫս䣬ɽ
ڰɱеܣỨ֮ӭϣӲɫսꪡ
ֲײħڰϢĿ˲
еǣѪյ֮ྡȾ졣
ܵ˼ڰѹƣеҲ޷ӳȫơ
裬ƽ
սֲֵеְγỨеİУ˫ݺύ
ڰǿ߻ɢԪһƣɫΧǿ̾ڰ
ǹⶼ޷ɳĺڰͬڶһ
һƣɽ
Σһ̣Զһ֮ƿնȻºڰ֮ơ
֮䣬е¶𾪡
ǰĽ᣿
˼δ䣬ԶһĨǰ
ֽŮӣɱУһϢȴɲȾ˿
ϾŮӣͬеİѩš
󷽣еǰе𾪾þѹ¡
𾪵ĲǰΪλǣôܵ·ŵһƣ
԰ΪǾԲܵһƵġ
еͺڰǿ֮䣬ףһ۱ɽ½ϵʦ㣬û°ɣ
ûΣա
еڣвıԴ壬˶ñȬ
ԣͷ
ǰڰǿ߿ųսֵŮӣüͷ塣
֣λŮӵΪô£Ϊθղôɽһơ
ǣڰǿɫȫۣһΡ
ɫһᴩصꪹֱ죬ն¡
ڰǿ߱ɫŽųҫ۵Ĺ⻪ˮ˼䡣
ͬһʱ䣬ɫꪹն䣬ĺڰħ
ڰѹ⡢ꪹڰϢ𵴡
漴Ȼơ

նϺڰꪣһڻڰǿһ𣬾ϣһ޷ϵĽۻ
ţڰǿӹ䣬ͷ­£һѸɢȥ
ڰ͹״Σʤ


1553 ؿ
ǿգڰ䣬ء
Ƶıɽ½ǰеǰ¶𾪡
ΪʲôΪʲô
е⣬ΪȻǣȴҲ˵ϾԸ˵ĺڰǿߣȻɻܡ
Ȼǧʣеȴû˵ǰѾͷڵæ
ԣ̫ԨŽתǰ
ȥסе
š
ͷӦ
ɽ½ϣǰԲѵİ׷ӣһĨۡ
֣һɫ⻪ס
ǰе޴ĺɫſֲħԪӿȣƬǿա
ǿߣӽĴڣеһϢˮӣɽأקűɽ糯ǰȥ
ħȫɽϣħԪ羪ηӿס
ȫס˵䱻ؼħ˵
ޱ˼λǿߵȴ֪Ļع飬ɫ佹ڡ
֪Ӻʱʼ֪Ѳ֪Ϊ˼ǿеشٵʱ֪뿪˶е
ˣ
ʱǰԶƯıɽ½ڵ
ԣ֮ȥ
Զ޴ıɽ½ʱɫȫһ
ˣڻˡ
Ƶıɽ½ϣ֪ڰ£޸ơ
һ˫ӿǰѾͷȥĿת
ЩȻʵôˣ
ɳˡ
¶һĨ΢ЦȻǰһֱԣ緢飬ȴ֪
ûв´ڰ֮Զ԰ãΪĵĴ
ûкڰȻηڰ
䣬Ҳаһ
ʦ
ʱԶǰһѪ۾̺
ʦû°ɡǰż
ûд󰭣һЩʱձá΢Ц
䣬ǿУһλλ˼ǿ߷ӭ֪ͻе
򵥵ĺѣ˼λǿеɽ½ޱ
ߣԶƯɽ½ڵľҪؿɲ׵顣
š
ףףǱҪ顣
˼Ҫϣɽؿܴ˼һ˿ϣǱֵá
ֻǣؿȷһ֮¡
Ĵɽ磬ֻһʼ
ҪָĴɽͻԻͣкܶҪ

ԶѾͷڵ
ʦ
ʲô𣿡
ȥ磬
ɫՕD񣬼ǵãһҪ룬ĪҪʧ
á
ûжطӰƾʧ
̶֣УõһƬδȫɳ졣
ͿеĽɣųɴ
ǿϣٵĴ磬Ҳûϴ־
ʱĴɽϿգһƬ޴ӣ޾ͷ
˼ǿ߿һĻ¶𺳡
־֪ȻȦһƬ죡
С«
Щٶȿڵ
ɳ
С«λƵط˳
ָ֣ǰߵĴɽ磬ڵûа취ƬҪ̫࣬бԡ
С«˳ǰָķȥСԴ룬ͷѽ
˵꣬С«ɵǰߵɽϣֵһѪ
ʱɽϣһĨɫ֣С«Ϊģʮ
ʮ﷽ԲȻߵУĿ
״ǰ
죬ĳ̶ֳ˵С«Զ󼰵ҲС
ֻҪ
עޱ޼ʵĻһΪڡ
ʱΨһľЩ£ֻ
Զһλλ˼ǿ߸֪ܵǿѹоηӿ
Ψᵽ֪ǿ󣬷ĲǿĲࡣ
أȴɼ
󷽣еһĻĬԡ
ԽԽǿˣǿ˶ֻ
ǿգƬƵĴ¡¡𶯣Ȼϡ
Ƭ̺ΪģС«һĨɫѸӣ
ӽչ־˵񼣣Ƶ
֪˶ãϣĿдУȻ
𾪵ĿУʱϣD߳罵ٷ䡣
D
̧ͷʵˣڵ
ՕD񿴵·ͬʱ˵ͷִ¡
һ̣ͬ죬Ȼء


1554 ˼֮
ޱϹĴɽϲչ־Ϊɽ޾
ӽ֮ԭʮɫϹĻԻ͡
Ͽգһλλ˼ǿ߿⾪˵һĻȻ𺳵˵
ⰻȻ½ϣС«˵طȥ켫ˡ
磬С«Ҳõ˻ע⣬ԼС«ɽҰˣ
С«ߣһλβںǰĸ棬ػС«İΣ
½ϣ¸һľϾƣ̬
ȻΪһ˫ǣ˾˵ԪģЩԲ
󷽣̫ǿշ
ƣЦЦʱ䲻ˡ
ⷽٵأЩڰ˼ʱԽԽ١
Ŀ⿴Զİڵ˵ǰǣ
š
ͷӵ飬ⳡУǶԸڰĹؼ

ԥֹ
ţ
¶⣬ʵôˣ
룬ڻ˵еʣûϹʱλ˵ת
Ȼһֻأǣʵ̫ˡ
ڰǿ˶޲ߣΨа޾ڰʵ˾档
ԣĬã̾ҲɹֻǣϹŵҲ޷ڰԲ󡣡
ͷ˰ɡ
˽̸䣬ʣՕDִ£Ϊµط
ֻأ򷽲ֹ
λº󣬱㶯ȥδ˼̫ͣá
٣綼޷⣬ՕDΪףܳʱ뿪
Ͽգ¿ʼ棬ϣľ˾̾
Ȼףɻȱʲô
½ܶܣôһ٣ͬܵӰ졣
עɫ΢
һ죬ǧһ̶ֱȦȻɳѸ٣ǣʼ޷졣
ܻѲ֪£֮䣬ʵĲࡣ
ϹʱĴɽΪ޷Ϊشٶ١
ǰ֮º֣صޡ

΢΢Ǵ֮һسɳ
ĺĺᣬа׻ɱ¾а׻ѪС«Ӧܸһְ׻ıԴ
Ψһ鷳ȸıԴ
ȸ䣬ʧܾã֪ȥѰ
ȸ
ʣں֪󣡡
춯صž˵ԪԶһλλƽն¶ɫ
֪ηһϮµȸܵǿվͷɫһ

˼ȸȸ˫ſᳯǿվͷȥ
ǧ䣬Ҫͷһˡ
½ϣĿ⿴Զǧ䣬˵
ʲôǧ俪ʵ
ȥڣĺˮ⡣ɫ
ǧͷûжԣתڷȥ
ǧ뿪ߣޱȵ½˼֮ɫ
ʲô
ȿȣ
ͻȻһ̬ĳ죬һһѪŻ졣
ڰһսش֮ɻδȬΪؿ龫ǣ壬ԽԳų֡
һԣɫһæǰסǰߡ
̫ǿԼˣ
ŭ֮ɫȵ
㣬û¡
ƿߵŮӣƣ˼ɲ
ʱĲˣ
һδ٣ͬգҸ˼һǣ˴ش٣֮٣кڰ֮١
Ǻڰ̫Сˣ޷⡣
Ȼͺڰ価·硣
ҪƣΨо콨
ϣճ䣬ҹҹ˼ǿǲϴӸ۶˼֮
£Ⱦ죬οѪƷûϢ硣
ϤһĻϹʱľ֣˼֮㾡ѪΪ˼һ˿
ħһ˭Ȱ˵ã㾡ȫؽ
Ȼ־𽥳أȻκ˶ҪʲôҪǻǣһƬ졣
֪ȫʱѿĿռѺУһϵ´ڰ
ڤԨڱ֮ǰȥ˼䣬⣬Ľ
ǣ
ڤУڤԨ
һ̣Уڰȫӣڤ˼䡣
ǿУΡĺɫǳأڰΧڰʽ˼䡣
ɲǼ䣬٣龡ڰɡ


1555 ڰ
½֪˼һˣ־Ϊ
Ȼޱڣ˼ǿԴΪӸؾޣ
˼ǿ֣˼乲
ʱһȥϣӰ࣬
Ըǿ򣬹հ˼
ϣ°׷ӰһϢ춯ء
˼乲ǿƾףֻ죬ش١
£شٲӣȴ֮⡣
ķԻ׻䣬ܻ򷨡
ʱǿվͷһӰת֮䣬Ѿޱ
иУĿ⿴ޱͷ¶ɫ
ˣ
٣뿪Ƭ̡
˵һ䣬Ӱ黯ʧ
ϣһλλ˼Ŀ⿴Զɫʡ
ǿϢ˵Ϣǲѷɫ֪١
ޱͷӭȸ
ȸУȸͣĿ⿴ǰӣһϢ
ˡȸʱǧ꣬ٶ
Ե㣬ǰȸ΢Цȸлܸ
ȸ֣ƣ콣Ի
״ɫ΢
ᣬŻ㡣ȸڣ
ĬƬ̺󣬻ֻɣ
Ԫ졣
һ˲ˡȸͬʱ콣ɽĽ
Ƶˣ羵ʽͬսҲһģһ
ĽӰϽתۼ䣬ѹʮС

սַֿӰͬʱڿգ򽣱ڣƿն
˵Ľ⣬Х죬Ŀ䣬Ȼײ
ನ𵴣ȸѪ
ʤսƽã
ʮһУ
ȸսɫĮ߰ɡ
ͷǰ·ȥ
½ϣ˵ûֱͣӳżϷλȥ
׻ʩΪܻ
Ϸλȸܵı仯Ӱɢζ
ۣɲǼ䣬½ϣϼˣҫ۶Ŀ
ϣĿעʣ΢΢
䣡
ʱ֮⣬У
˵ľޱ
ɹˣ
Уһţڳɹˡ
һλλ˼ͬ¶ϲɫʱ䣬վȵһ졣
Բɣ֮ϣʧΪ
£Ӱӳ硣
⣬أ޾
ӽħϢ˫֣Ӳ
Դĳƾˣһ̣̫ͼ
·ɫ¶š
Ŭһǰ
ϣ٣һƬǿա
ؼʱ̣ǿڰϢ罫ɵʱ̣š

У˼״ɫһ䡣
ȥ
ڣӰֽ硣
Уڰ٣֮ʣҪȥ˼ǿ߰ϣ
Σһ̣һҫ۵Ľƿնºڰ
ǿϣֽúڰԽ߰벽
Ƭ̣ڰԽ׳أĺɫϢУһ绪ֳ߳ǿϢѹڳˡ
ڰ֮һڤԨ֣˵ѹѹù綼Ť
ڤԨ֣նǿգն֪
Ҳ׼
ӹӽӲ
Ȼһڰ棬˺벽ս֣֮쾡Ⱦ
·˼״̱Ҫǰ
ǲȥ
е赲Ŀ⿴Ͽգڰ˰˭סֻܰ
⣬ǲܺڰӰ죬ȴΪ·硣
ս⣬Ƚ٣һ˲˫Ⱦ졣
㲻Ҫģ
ӽºڰ񣬴
УڤԨǰŮӣɫ
֣
Ϊ֤ʣڤԨһڰ裬
䣡
һ̣ӭն䣬ֲĺڰء
ǰһ˷ֽٵ
һѪȾǿգս֣֮Ѫ䡣
ǿĺڰ޿ɺס
ˣ
ɫ£˲ǰӹ
δ
ʱսУĮ漴һĨӰǰֵ̧
ನ𵴣׷裬ħӰһ졣
ţ
ڤԨǰİ׷ӣֳ꣬ɳˡ
ڰ٣֪Ƭͣ
̧֣·УԴԴϵ۶֣ɢǿеĺڰ


1556 뿪
򣬺ڰ٣ǿޱȵ˼ǿߡ
Σʱ̣Ƚٶֵ̧
ڰ̧ĹǿƶԿڰ
ţ
ڤԨӹޡ
̤һڣ
ؿ깦ɣ˼˿Ƶ򣬹سݡ
ϣĩ֮£΢Ĺһ㣬ǲϧһȥץ
˼ؼϿգĹҲԽԽǿڰ
ٴᣬ㲻ͬˣ
սУڤԨǰֵı仯
л֮ͣ
ӽ
ڤԨߣ̧ԪڰϢˣ췭ظ
սУ״˿ʾԪڣ˼䡣
ɽײξݡ
Ĺâһ岻ܺڰѹƣսȫ
ɻӶ羪ױڣÿһи컻֮ܡ
̥ǵ˼乲ڰɫԽԽأڰҪԵĺڰٶѹƹ
սңһȭڰ壬ɫӿѸ
ƿ֪
ڰʴܴͬȻԺڰ
ɡħɫɫĻ֮󺣣ֱӷȥĺڰϢ
ҵһսĿƽİֻ֮ܿϣ˫֣һڰһ
ڰײ˼俪ʼҡ־壬ȡʤ
սȣϿգɵķ֣һߺƣһ߹ҫĿ
սսɱ죡
սУʤѷ֣˴Ļˮ죬ĩ֮Խ𺳡
У˼ǿ߼״ɫ΢䣬׷׶ʡ
˲죬ɽ֮ȱڡ
֮ϣ˼֮ףŮ̧־ʮɽеħ壬գǳǺ۹ĲʯĻ֮С
֣ʱ֮ȱڡ
䣡
˲֮ʱϿգ֮սԽңѪ䣬ѪǷɽ
ҵĴսظʱԶϣһ޴Ѻٶſ
ѺУһӰ֣ڰϢƣǿޱȡ
ߵӰÿһ˶ǿ֮һ˺ȻˮƵ۹֮ˮŮۡ
˳֣û˵仰ֱӼս֡
ڰǿƻ𣬹ͬɱ˼乲
ڤ֣ս̱仯
ڰս춯أЭѹ¹â
ս⣬Ů𡢻е˼״ɫȫ¡

ԹѵڣܿҪˡ
ԶһֱĿ˵İ˫ۣǿѹƣҪǰ
սУһ֮ʣˮŮһƱȻǰ֮
һѪ죬˳ʮɣ졣
ڰռţӰӹ飬ٶȱ
󣬰ǰӽ
һ̫Ԩ񽣵һλڰನ𵴣ܴİұȾ졣
ƣ˼ĿУڰռݴգѹ¹
սУʵĺڰϢǰһλֽܴİͳս֡
ʦ㣬չ˰
ȫ汬ĺڰѹһȣħ֮Դڡ
ɡ¾ɳ죬ڰ̫ͼ춯ء
ڰ̫ͼ£Դ֣ԴУɽƾն֡
Ǭתֻأ֮쳾
֣ںƵ֣޴ֻԻ
ֻУһƿննڰ
ڰܵ
ڰˣնڤ֮ڤԨ
¡¡𶯣쳹ǿգͻȻһƺ𣬽ⶴ֮
ܴѪǿգתս֣նƺڰ
⣬ڤԨͣ½ŲĿ⿴ǰʵ˼乲ɫ
Ľ𣬻ȱһ֪ǷҲڴС
ѹҪĽ⼸ɽʵˡ
ˣ
ڤԨֲѪ
һ£ڰˣλɢϿȥ
ڰȥ»ָ䣬˼䡣
ϿգһϢ
һҺս¶Ⱦ죬վ˺ڰ
սʤȴûκϲɫоƣ
֪ڰУĿǿֻ߲һˡ
ңĺڰ֮һֱûг֡
ɽλˣһкڰԴͷ
ڤع飬һɰĿֲѹͻȻ١
λһ˲仯Ϊɻҡ
ڤԨñʧˣ


1557 
ڤڰԨڰ֮־٣˲ĨȥλĴڡ
ڰԵףһ֮
أɫء
˼ؽ֮Ѳѹλ˼֮ڤԨӦ
򡣡
ڰ֮⣬δ򣬱ΪڤԨ㹼˱ڴ
ˡ
ڤԨٸһλᡣ
ٸһλᣬһΣȡĽӦ֪Լ³
䣬ڰԨУֲѹˣת֮󣬳ʧ
ڰ֮ȥڤԨ׿˼䣬
Ƭ̺ڤԨڰԨʧڰͷ
λ˼֮ǿ󣬳ԤϣҪųˡ
ڰԨͷɫƣһʯſڤԨһطӡУɫء
֪߹˶ٵʯţһطӡǰڤԨ֣ͣնǰʯš
¡һʯű٣ӡ
ɲǼ䣬һ쳣񱩵ǿڰҲ˰벽
ٵʯźһǿһӴľ˻𣬲ͷľ޴˿־塣
ڰޣ죬ʱ޾£˼䡣
ĺڰޣ񱩶ײУԿƣڰ֮ӡںڰԨͷȴ´κڰ˼Ļᡣ
죬ˣڤԨڣɫƽ
ͬʱиУĿ⿴򱱷¶ɫ
ӴĺڰϢλڰ֮
𣡡
ǿ޴޺𣬾춯֮ܣֱӰ˼䡣
ϣ˼иУɫȫһ䡣
ʲô
ڰޣ죡
磬񹬣ՕDܵ˼ı仯
һûǣֻ֪ɺɱ¾ޣӴǿգˣֲ
ϹʱǶĴڣޣԽ˼
ǳ󣬵ǣǰҲ糾һС
䣡
ͻȻڵȫ޳ײ˼ıݣӰ硣
ǰ¶ɫ»ڣס
ⳡ٣ԽԽˡ
֮ٱӦԣַڰ˼磬ζȹδ١
̧ͷѺ۱鲼գɫԽء
˼䣬ȫ븹С
ƻľޣʵٶȴǳԽ˼󲿷ֻĹӴ󣬷Եһ˿׾
򾡳ޣʧ
ΪڰųֲޣҪ׻ȥ˼䡣
֮ܵ䣬˫ֽ߬
Щڰķӣ
ѵҪ׻
ڤڰעԶޱɫԽĮ
˼֮ȻĽǿһҲֻȥļƬۼװˡ
ǿգʼһʳ˼䣬еطںڰ֮ǰԵ˲һ
һƬƬǿձ٣صĲȱԽԽ֮ǸӾҵر仯ǿոֲѺ۲ӣ˼伸Ҫ׻ȥ
ǿУ԰ټƵǱֱ֮ɣͿ̿
ĩգǰ
ϣעƬ̺ת뿪
Ҫǿ
֪ȥ䲻ϣֻţ֪롣
磬ܻ̫ʱس
ػףѰҸǿ
񻰵ʱħأ˼ħūۣ
̹ſ죬丸գһ̫ŴͨͶ㣬ժ¡
Уλ̫ţѰĽԴͷ
֪ϹŴ٣ĽΪؼǣĽǿɽѾʧ
һʹɽ˱Ƕɽ֮ȥɽҲ֮ʧ
˵УĽسɽҲڣΪ
̫źģ̤䣬ҪѰĽԴͷ
ѰҵĹУעһµСкú㣬ѣȻűĺʱǼΪѵһ֮ӡ
ֻǣæѰɽ䣬ûоȥעСкĳɳ
ټʱ̤ǧ£׷ɰױڣɺڱףһһֻأ
ƾ費ıԴǿгŹһʱ
ûйעʱ䣬µСкٳɳ̫콾ӱ¡
ص̫ʱѰɽʱ򣬻еȫУƬи
򣬷Ⱦڷɽϣһ֮Ϊ˫
˼Ⱦ⻪Խʢš
ɽǰǧСɳоһ֮΢ǧ֮ܣѿɺǳ
ڰ򣬼޼֮ʱɽ֮ϣȾָۣǬ
ɲǼ䣬ɽ⻪ʢ޾ͻʱսޣΪϣ޼֮ǰ


1558 
򣬺ڰ
٣޼ΣڵϦؼʱ̣ɽ֮ϣȾ֣һ֮Ϊϣ˺ڰ֮ǰ
׵ֶΣԽħȾһ鷲޳ɵķ𣬽񳯣չ֮ͨܡ
ǧ£һͳԷΪڰȾʱɽʢﵽԻ͵ʱ
һڵķͽݣ˵ĳɾͣȻķɽ
֪뿪ԵʱȾԼ˼һ˿ϣ
Ըǿ߸ܵ˵ķ¶𾪡
֪뿪ãԻеŮΪ׵˼Ҳ̱չأǲ˼صĺƽ٣ѷܹ赲
˼۷ǿһҹ֮伸ȫʧ˵ھƣ˵˼񣬵ȴѵķ֮ʱ
ɽ˼ķ𣬰Ⱦɽۣ֮ڷͽĳݣһңԶĿ
һ򣬰ȾΪ赲ڰ޵ǰΪ˼ȡʱ䡣
޼ǰǧɫ֣ӣΪȥڰ޵ǰ·
ٵУڤԨڤ֮ǰĿ⿴¶ɫ
˼侹ĸ֡
Ƭ̺ڤԨεȥʧ
ɽһλλСɳֱĿоڣϳŷɽ֮ۻ۶ȥ
޾֮ӳ֣ȾһϢﵽ𾳽Ķ壬ȻϹžҲࡣ
Ϊ˼֮ȫڰ
ʱɽ֮ϣɫһλ绪ĺٻӰֳ߳־޴һɱ˳ɿ
ڰ֣Ϊ
ɽϣȾɢɢɽϵĺڰ
ڰѹ߲ڰ˫ء
Уڵķͽʵĺڰ˫ֺϲ
ͽΪԴԴϵ֮ǿĹڰǲ˿·硣
ش٣Ļ֣̿Ψӵмᶨˣ޾ڰٵ֮ʣǣ˼ǰڶԿĺڰ
ɽϣڰƬֺ̽Ӱͬ
ֺ쳹ǿգһߺڰһ߹ɶƽȵײ춯ء
ս·ɽƵİСɳǿʼѪԳܴսķɡ
ۼڰһ鷲İȾӵ˺ͺڰһս֮սУ·硣
һϣܵڰӰ죬ǧټǵķͽ壬ѪȾأ˴ۡ
˵Ĵսྡྷɸ֮󣬰ȾҲʼֲȵףϳֵѺۡ
ܴȾǿжȡͽ޸
ɲǣһϣͽըѪǷɢ졣
ɱ¾ڰ壬ǲ̣˭޷˵塣
Ϊ˻öԿڰȾϧȡͽȫӳַ
һ֮ԴԴȾѪ֮Ӳ񣬴Ƭն
ҵһսڰķɣһǼΪǣѪɺӡ
ͽļ٣ȾҲĴҲ˲ָ
ɽϣǧǧСɳּ״ȼգѡԼС
Ϣ󣬷ɽ֮ϣһſ֣ҫĿ
ڷǻΪԻܣ
ʣսУһſŷΪ֮
ڤԨɫ΢䣬նҪնǧΪķ
ȱΆ졣
ޱޣȾַɽУɲǼ䣬ɽ֮ϣʢɡ
ĵһĻԷɽΪģ޾ķⲻӣÿһ䡣
ɽ˵𶯣һλλչص˼иУɫһ䡣
ԽڵĵˣܵȾʧϢȫ¡
Ⱦˡ
磬λ̫ŵͻȻһĿ⿴
ǰȾ
ͬʱڰԨͷ޴ĺڼ𶯣ֲѹϯڰ硣
ڤԨսˡ
ڼǰһλֳֺ߳ڽɫƽ
˼䣬ǰ㲻죬һ˰ɡ
ڼУϵ
ǣ

ڰ֮Գ뿪˺ڰԨ
ʱǰڰϢۣһµ߳кɫնһն⡣
ҫ۵ķУһȻɢ
ǰӷɽȥ
ڤ֮ںڰ
ڤԨڴ˺úϢɡ
쿪ڣƽ


1559 
˼䣬Ⱦ䣬һɱڰ񣬲ҵһսޡ
ÿһǶ˴꣬һ˼ƽ٣Ψв˼ǿǣɲضԿڰΪ˼ȡһ˿ϣ
޼ǰڰطǰеĲ衣
챩ŭŭ쳹ǿգһſŴ׷ױ
µĺڰޣҪӴ󣬼˼޾µĺڰȻڰ֮ǰ㴿⣬ȻӴƾ̡
Ȼ̫ʮޣƥ
ڤغڰ󣬽Ŀޱ
ؽˣ˼ǿǻûз
Ƭ̣Ϊһɫ⳯ޱȥ
ɹƣ֪˼ִѳЧ˼ۣǿ
ϣܿڰ
ÿһƬϣ˼ǿǱУ˷һ̵ʱ䡣
ɽ磬ɵԶһɽУһλòŮӱĿ˫ϥϣһɫŽУͨ͸Ⱦһ
ɽܣĹ⻪ڣǳŵصĽ󣬸ıʱ٣ӿߵٶȡ
У¹ȥ磬̶ա
˼䣬ȴ֮⣬ŮΨһ½֮ˣδɣȴҲԸıһصʱ١
Ϊ˸˼ȡʱ䣬Ů½ȫ
£רİΪչһǧԽˡ
ڰʱΨһܺڰӰ֮ˣҲ˳н˵
䣡
ʱϿգ̤١
ٽ٣߳˽
ͬʱޱ򣬺ڰϢѹڰ֮׵߳һ£ԡ
Ƚ٣ؼʱ̡
˵һĻ׺أҫ۶Ŀ
֮١
ǰʵƽ
ڰƣٲ̧֣ɫۣƿն
Σʱ̣·Уħ죬һĨٻӰɳỨַ棬ӵǧɫ⡣
ҵ𶯣еܵ˳
쿴ǰŮӣ΢΢
Ů˵ǲ
ǿϣеһħӿԴԴϣ羪κˣ𾪡
ʶǿߣǷдڵļֵ
̧֣ɫŽԻ춯صĽʮء
ڰ֮ףԽΪ䣬ΪɲȣȻϹžҲƥС
ǿĺڰеȴǲƿ벽ڶɽٵİ
ڣκ˰֡
ɹޣս֡
ڰܵѹƣǿ˳ǿϣڰѷ¡
Ŀɨ·ɫ
ʱ˼֮˾ޣؽùǿ˶ԿڰĿܡ
Ǹ˼㹻ʱ䣬ڰͥ
ϧǲ˼ʱ䡣
ջĿ⣬һǰ
ٶȣɫնǿգһ
ֲ쳣Ľֱƿչ磬ԵĺڰǿߣָΪ
еſ޴ĵգħ˲䱬
Ứӭϣ棬ನƵǿ١
٣п죬֮ս
𶯣ҡǳн棬Ⱦ
ԵĺڰǿߣѳԽ˼ǿߣϹžԿ⡣
䣡
ս⣬ɽ٣β
콣ݺᣬ̫ԨŽն׺١
ɽɣս֣羪Σսڰǿ
սڰỨ֮ᣬ̫ԨŽݺᣬǿƷˡ
ţ
սֱ仯¶ɫӽˣָԪڰϢ졣
Щ˼
ڰֶ壬쳾ǿĺڰ֮Ծǿ֮ܣֱû˼Ĺ
ޱ޼ʵĺڰûǿգӡս֡
ڰ֮Уеڣ֣Ӱӹ顣
Ĭ޼ϣ羪ףɽ
֮ϵȣ֮񣬾žޡ
˼֮䣬ʽ仯Ī⣬⶯졣
սģ첢ָԪָỨ
âನ𵴣βɽɫŽնȻ̫ԨŽ
սϣսȣеۼսֽƣỨһתơ
ֵ˫֣Ŀ䣬˫ƿڰ
¡˫ڰҳؾ䡣
һ˲սУ֮ڰǰԤ֪֮š
Σһ̣첻ܣֱ̧ӵ̫Ԩâ
ө֮⣬ڰ
쿴ǰˣ˵һ䣬һӹڹޣһٴ۵Ѫ


1560 
֮ϣսڰеȫʩΪӳ֣սڰһ
ڰǿĽߣֳֺɫÿһл֮ܡ
սңĬ֣˷ӳȫʵҪɱڰ
ȻڰǿʵԶԶԽԤϡ
սУԵ֣²ɽǿս𺳡
Уһλλչص˼ؼʱ̣
ڣ֪λ̫ţѰĽıԴ಻֪֮¡
֪ΣȻ١
սϣ⻪ݺᣬƺڰն
ޱȵһսŮϽȾ죬֮ϵԤȣħ֮仯Ī⣬ֻǣ̫ǿˣǿ޿ɺ
ϵȵĽѹƶʵȻȻ߳ĺڰ֮ɲƥС
սУڰ⻮͸壬ŮͬʱȾ졣
ֻЩ𣿡
쿴ǰλŮӣƽ˵һ䣬Ԫڰ
ᴩصĺڰϴġ
ܵڰӰ죬¡¡𶯡
˽⵽ʵ첻ԸپսһڰϢħ塣
ǰе״ɫȫ¡
ڰɽѹֵ˴ڰϢУиƼʱš
ߣеڣ
ɫһƬ̺󣬻عһߣ
Ҳˣ
еǰǰĿ⿴ǰڰɫƽ˼䣬Ψ㲻ܺڰӰ죬Ҫİ߰ɣҪҵ׷ѡ
ħ־ɶҡɫ𾪣Ըȥ
סȥ
еӵݺᣬ
һ̣Ͽգɫ裬ǧǧա
ڵУеħӿ󣬾޴ĺɫ˫ſĻס
𺳵ľΪڰĽŲħȫһͷѪ쳤裬۶Ŀ
ʦ㣡
УӳˮҪǰȴǱסΣԶ
ҵʽҲѧǣվһЩȻܲ׾ȴ˵ȱ㲻ͬ
䣬еУỨ֮⻪ԽҫĿɫĵɫĵ޶衣
磬λ̫ŵĿͻȻһ£¶ɫ
ļµĸоѵǣ
Ͽգħһ衣
趯ħ趯˫ã仯Ī⡣
ǰδĵϼ⣬ţ֮ٱǿա
ǿĵһǣ𾪡

쿴ǰŮӣ
ǿĵ
ӽȻ±ĵ⡣
¡¡쳹ޱ򣬴ǿա
ߣ쿴ǰ黯ŮӣɫԽء
Ҫˣ
һ裬еħҫĿԽá
Ȼһеյ֮ٴǰڰǿߡ
⣬ͣΣս״κˡ
Ŀ֮䣬еٶǰڰ˫ƺڰٶȱ
Ӻۣ㿪⣬ͬʱɫǿƻС
еӰƹͬʱỨת˶֡
˼һսеչһ˵ս֮ʼΪ޾
һ̣е˫ǹһ͸һ
е̤߿󲻵õľ磬磬޴˵еĴ
սУ뽣棬Խȡ
ǿǿ˲󼰣λǿߴսĹ綼ʧȥɫʡ
ˣ
սңȴܵǰŮĽһĨź
Ķ֣ϧˡ
ɫն䣬ƿɺ죬Ứ֮֮ӭϣٽ档
䣡
֪ڶٴײϿգκ˳һѪɽ
еյ˫֣Ѫ䣬˴ۡ

еʶһ㱣𲻶֮ĩսɢ֮ʱ
ˣ
еף˼һۣһĨ
ʦˣأ
ɢħǹһعأỨ˫
磬Ŀھʹ۵Ĵ
ʦ㣡
ϿգħʧӸնǹ⻯Ϊɫ޾ûս֡
־еɢһУ־ÿһѪڵǧ赲ڰһǰ·
ڵУüһӹնǰ·
ڵɢ룬ȻɢĺڵѸħԪڵ
ս֣֮Ѫ䣬ڵĵУ޼᲻ݡ
ȻҲҪ𣿡
ûⱻڵ˵֣˫ǧڵ
־ǰ㲻λŮӣ޵̾


1561 
ɵ磬ΪԿڰλ̫ţѰĽıԴ
񻰵ʱħǿ߱Ĵһ
Ѱ磬ֻΪѰҿٵ֮ʱڵĽ
ԣĽʱѳɣν
ޱߣӴѰϣ߱ĺͻȪȴʼѰĽ䡣
ʱһλµѾɳӢˣ¶â
̫ţӱ֮㿰ͬ޵Уһ·硣
ʱӵħѪǿʤĴУһλƽǿߣֻֿ죬ѹͬ֡
ͬӵ޵֮ĵλ콾һҴս춯ء
ֳһɫꪣÿһλӶ춼Ҫɫ
ֻһսѺ۵
֮ս춯أ콾̫ǿˣȴӵžս쳣
ǰδеļһսзĳ£۶ϡ
һ̣ꪶļ򣬴һٴ۵졣
ھ֮ѰĽܵ쾪˵һս¶ɫ
̫ʱҡһսλǿľ콾µսҪһʱ
֮ϣλ콾Ĵսؼʱ̣з۶ϣܴһ
ꪴ壬һѪɽս״αѹˡ
Ȼܴ꣬һ˫ȴԽ
ս⣬ȼյս·ܷվ죬ǰδеĴУ겻ŭϲһХڷ衣
סꪣӼϰγǿһȭǿƷˡ
ͬһȭӭϣԪ羪ΣӲС
˫нֲĳХڣս֡
磬µ˿ϣƣ˿ڲܸԭ
µһѪʱѾʮĴƿ졣
֮սҹδֹͣԽԽأսȴԽԽҡ
콾ֳ־ͬ޵УȻľǿߵҪ
Ȼ˾޴Ƽ콾޷ѹǰꡣ
ˡ콾ƺʱĳд˵һΪ̫пܾƾﵽ˵ϴš
콾˵Ҫ͵࣬Ȼһ·δܼۻǹעȣԶԶľ콾
˶Ϊ꽫ҪΪ콾̤ϵһǿ̤ʯʱͻ
ĵưޱȣɷ졣
˵һĻĽƿնء
Ľ֮ϣһͼƣ
ɽʱһλλܺ;ӳ˯оѣĿ⿴ʡ
֮ϣսеҲܵĽǿѹ¶ɫ
ֻ˲ĹĽķȥ
콾عȥ
ʱңǿ߷ɳҪὣ
һҵɱջ˿ɵ
Ľ콾֮ǰɽĵطֶὣ
ɽǰӲ콾һꪣ̧סɡ
֣ޱȵɷ𵴿𾪾塣
ܵɽɷķɣս֮̽졣
콾֣ɽײֱӽһشޡ
УһԪӿѪɽÿһɽϣϽ⣬ǿѹĿɽ
Ͽգͼϼڣҫ۶Ŀ
һ̣ظһλλܺ;ɷ˵ֱӳֶὣ
ǰ콾ھһڣΣȾ졣
Σʱ̣ϣɫ⻪ʢ˼䡣
·Ӿɫ⻪¶𾪡
飡
ǿ߱˼겻ѹԼΪ֣֮˫
ϣµѸٸԭǿлӣƾ

ʱ˼ľܡ
̧֣ͼ⻪ʢĽ죬硣
һ죬磬սϣĽܣͼӳ֣˲սֻΪ޵
𾪵ĿУһڣɱλʮλܺսȥ
һս٣콾һۣ֮䣬ȴ
ǰδеľվ֮ǿ壬˿ɵС
ǿ̫߱ʱҲ경󣬴ﵽԻ͵ʱ̡
ֻǣջ価ڵ


1562 Զʱ
̫磬֮ǿһսʤĽ콾ɱλʮλܡ
ҵһսĹأ̫ҲʱµĻԻ͡
֤̫ŻԻ͵ʱ룬Ի֮ش䡣
̤λ·㾡صıԴ֮ؼ˥䡣
ؾ䣬طǱԴ˾޴ı仯ħԽԽԪľʱҲ޷ͻƣֻܾ䡣
壬ħķ£ħԽԽ̫࣬ľƷ˾޴ĸı䡣
ħ׵̫ʱһؾнȥ
Զʱ֮
꣬ѳɳΪǿľ壬˸ҷ
Ȼǿȴ޷ıǿԽʵ
Զĩڵؾ䣬ӰħӰ쵽塣
ǧǧܹ̤꣬硣
ļįһļƻ
ʺǿһ

ļƻν񣬴һѣȻҲ
ִţƻ󣬱㿪ʼж
ǧʱ䣬ӸһһԭʼǣشĳΡ
磬Ķȫʡ
ǿλľҪʲôΪҪƿ˶ԭʼǡ
ʱһչȥγ֣ӱ֮׾ɽ֮𽣬ȫС
֡
ǧȥ뿪ˣһǧ꣬ȻݻԽˡ
ǧһ˪
һɸΨһĲҩ
꽫򶫷ҹ࣬ɳ
ͬʱϣԴ仯
һΣֱӹ꣬ʱ䣬û뿪벽
ʱţϣŨľˡ
磬ܵа׷
Ȼֻ߳վס
ذ׵Ⱦһ꿴ȥƽ棬ȴǰһ
ʱ䣬Խǿˣǿǳ
ʮգȥûһ˸ǰ̽
ԵŽ񺱼
Ҳ߻򣬼Լļƻ
ǧ꣬ıط򣬿ʼһߡ
ǧ֮Ҫı״
ҵ˽ȫڸ壬顣
򲻸ˣǧԺ˼ڳ˵һλߡ
һգ𾪣ķ߶֮٣ϼ
ĵһλߣհףꡣ
һλֺ߳󣬷˵һ¸ջ˿ɵ
أ˼ķԽԽ࣬򣬳ֹģ
꣬㱻Ϊ
ܿģΪΪ֮𣬶ǿ˵ϣ
ʱľʼ
ԽԽǿܵв׷׳˼Բߡ
ս֮
֣ľҲ˾λǿ쳣ݣǿѹ
Ծλǿߣ˿ηɳֵֿ
Ĵսȫ汬
һսǧ꣬ǿٶ硣
һˣȫľλɽĲ춼
һսУ岻ǿӱ¡
һˣǰ꣬һλߡ
սĽ֣ĴܶһսͬʧС
򱻾λһķѡ
ѣֱӷΪĿ飬˸
ͬʱѹķĽҲֿ֮
һսΪһصƣ򣬱㿪ʼչء
£
ǿոĿ½ϣɱս
һսͬ˽ǧ꣬쳣
գĿ½ȫµףɽͳһһɽ硣
˲ţԾӡ
Ĵɽ磬ʱ
ĸ꣬׵ۣľĴɽ֮¡
ɽϿգԶʱĶɽ֮üͷ塣
ֲ֣
ľɽ꣬ɽһֱ͵£ĴɽУĬĬš
ɽףһ˱һ˾ޣȫʱ̤˾
ˣ
˵Ұ⣬ʧ֮ȴȻˡ
ɽ磬ɵУһλذ˴֮ϣľڴϣһϢǿ֮
֮ľ˫ĿӣûɱҲûнŵĽա
ľ˴
ڻˡ
ľƽ˵һ䣬Ӱʧǰڡ


1563 
һսܣ٣һΪģ£Ĵɽס
ĸ꣬׵ۣľĴɽ֮¡
棬ʧ꣬һжѲͬ
Ȼ˶֪ûֻʧѡ
Ĵɽ֮һֱעϢ
ĸ˶֪ʵ̫ǿˣǿĪ
ȻҲ̤磬ǣ𣬲ɾ޴
˽˽ģҲ⣬λɽΪһɽ׺ȻϣʧȥеȨơ
λɽǵͳɽغ󣬱չ˵ڳء
ȻΪԡѪս겢ûѡ򣬶ĬĬػص˵²Ķɽ硣
ɵУľ󣬲һعڡ
˭û뵽ĴΪ͵ľһ߷
ľعڣϢػ۷塣
ɲǣɽ磬λȫܵϤѹȸУ¶𺳡
ˣ
ɽ磬ɵУɵƿһʯš
ʯźһУϣҹԼɢž˵Ԫ
ʮ£ûнʵҲżĬĬȴ
ɽУλעŶнɫ
ˣôأ
λһֱȴȴλľ
Ȼһȱǰꡣ
£ʼղκζҲ淢ѡ
ľţλҲסǰ˶ɽ硣
ɽ磬ɵǰĸ׵ۡ׵
ڣذᾲһ˪µ顣
𣡡
λɫ
ǰˣɫƽضҲһ񡣡
ĸ׵ۡ׵λԣɫһ¶֮ɫ
֮ԣǳǵĵλ
𾪵ɫڵֻɽ˭ҪҪǣ˼˥
Ŀ⿴ǰŵˣƽǵĻȥɡ
˻عٶȹһûʧȥ
Ȼ߸ϣΪһ֮λĵʧ޷ƽ֮ġ
߳ɵɵ¡¡رա
ĻǺ⣿׵ۿڣʵ
ĸףŹرյɵţͲںλ̫ˡ
߰ɡ
׵۵˵һ䣬ȥ
˼һλߣͣʱãǣʱգ޷͸λ
Ҫĵʲô
λع飬ɽһк󣬰
֮أһλ˴֮䣬н֮һ£С
ʱţ˹ļ𽥵ȥǵ֪УΨɽ
ԶŵʱѲ̫ʱŨÿһʱ䣬߷磬ɾλ
Ĵɽ粻׳ʢ
ɽĻԻͣɽһֱʮֵ͵Ǽ¶档
·𹦳ˣ˼Ի͵ʱ̨ˣԼȥ
ɵ£ǰһµĶոһյĵȴ
Ϣĳͬǣ˰꣬ء
ӻһʱ㱻ӻƵ˶ɽ磬ڳһ겻ҩ
ڣԶʱĺڣˡ
ǧ꣬ǧ굯ָһ˲
һ£ŲϽµΨһһŹʵƽһ˿
ڲ֮ʱ磬仯ٶȷ
ʮص£ԽԽߺȥ֮һεˡ
ɵУȡ²Ĺʵһʯǰ
ʯҴźףмһס
УһλŮӾ棬ղǣȴҲʮ
ĹʵŮڡ
ľٶؾ䣬ɵϿգɫХڡ
¡¡쳹ɽ磬ɽϿգƱգѹ
ɵʯңȻδü£ұߵᶯ״ߣһɷ˵ɽɳֱն
мڣĹʵŮڣ˫ֽ߬ȴ֡
ʱһȥŮûκζɣһĨʹ
ʧˣ
ȻʱŮ΢΢һ΢ɲ
һŲľ˲
֣Ůӡ
ⲻϣ
ִŮӵһ˲Ӻݺһ


1564 ڰ֮
ɵǰժ²ĹʵҪеŮӡ
ʶľǰ¶𺳡
磬ش٣Զʱʼ䣬˼䶯
߷֣ǧڲɢԾó֡
һʱһʱֻأ·̫ĩڣԶʱҲʼ쳣
ɵڣעŶĶɫԽء
ԣ
ǰŮڵһ̣ɫͻȻ仯
Ů壬ۿɼٶѸޣΪǹ⣬ɢ֮䡣
ԤϵһĻ֮ᷢɢػء
޾µŬһλӰؼǹ⣬ɣŨƣ
ʧˡ
ǰֺϲ˹ľĬĬվá
䣡
ʱɵͻȻӳĬлعĿ⿴硣
ǰҲƹĿ⣬硣
תȥ
ɵ⣬رɫط仯һ١
̫ʱĽѣشӾңǻھطУġ
ɵǰ˼ı仯һԪڣ˼䡣
磬һλλиУɽ緽¶ɫ

ôãȻţ
̫ʱԶĩڣʱ֮˵Ķɽ֮ΪԽˣνͨ쳹أŽΨһ
һ֮Կؾ䣬žʮʮҹվɵǰһϢ˼ÿһ䡣
ͬһʱ䣬磬ھҲ֣֮ס֮ȹס硣
һδȫĴ٣Ϊĳֶƽȹ˼ǸܵڵϢȶ¶ϲɫ
ԶʱһδĴнȥ
Ϲţ
ɵǰصı仯
̫šԶšϹţʱزϱ仯Ϊʲô
˼֮ʱĿͻȻʹع
ʦ㣡
֮⣬ʵ磬ʱݣڰѹħ䡣
Ͽգڵ裬סڰһĽŲ
磬λʱҲ˲ΪѰĽԴӳס
Ƶɵһ׳°׷Ӱɳɵȥ
Ͽգڵ죬ֳֺڽԾΪǿ
¡¡𶯣쳹˼䣬ڵǧǧ̱١
˼ħ޾ڵҲͲеʶأסŲ
ʱɵǰӰӳһڣ󣬾ס
ڵ·Ŀһ˲ӰС
ڵ·иУûֹ֪ĽŲ
ڵΪУǰһɱӿδһɽն䡣
ǿߣ
иУɫ΢䣡
ɫӭϣ¡һڰ֮֮ڽ档
ŭ֪һɱŨĻף
ŭ˼乲첻Ҵ⣬սȫ
ƿֲһսλǿ߽֣ױȣʮн棬Ѫɽꡣ
ħ֮ǰкޱɱԣгؾ
ֻʮУ϶Ⱦ죬ڰѪս
˼֮鴫
ǿѹɫ£ȾѪ֣֮֮ȫӦǰС
˽ս֮ʱڰ磬޴ĺڼϣѺ۳֣һɿֲ쳣ԽһУ˾
ڼǰӰȴźڰ֮ء
ǣ
һ˵𣬺ڼϣѺۼӣԽǿѹɢΣ
ӭϣ
ӭϣ
а񹧾
һ̣ڼȻѣһλźɫӰ߳ݿʣüĿֲϢԽΨһ
ڰ֮ΪʤڰϢŤģѱ档
߰ɣȥݷһµ֮
ڰ֮˵һ䣬ޱȥ
ǿϣϢʱ䣬ڰ֮߹һһٶ֮죬ȻԽٶȵļޡ
󷽣ڰа棬ת֮䣬ʧǿվͷ
ޱϿգڵΪĴУڰ֮ҽ棬Ѫ㣬Ⱦ֮
ͬھսȻﵽļ£Ž񺱼
Уһλλչص˼ܵʼҵĴսɫ΢
֮ʱ⣬ͻȻһǧѹͷص˴
ѹ˼ӲĲһĿ־
Ͽգڴսͬһս⣬ŤһĨӰ߳
ºڷɫӣڰ֮һأһС
ڰ̧֣֮ڵ˲ɢ
˼֮ڰ֮Ŀӣ𾪡



1565 
Ͽգ֪ʱϻأսڰ֮׵졣
սּңڰ֮սµĸ߶ȡ
ⲻϣսְȻʱ򣬺ڰԨͷڰ֮ƹضƾΪʤϹʱ
Եѹ𺳾ʮأڰ֮߳ڰԨ
Ŀ֮䣬˼֮ڰ֮׶Ŀӣв
ԭ㻹ţ
ڰ֮ڣ˵һ䣬̧ڰϢڶѹǰ˼֮
ҲǰӵݣϹʱɽ콾ڰ֮ҵıߡ
ڰ֣֮ԽȻ˼ǿ߿ɵ
̤μˣܿڰ
֪ڰ̫֮ˣܽӵ¡
ٶȲʮȥµ
䣬ڰ֮һ˲֪ǰԽؼ޵ٶȣġ
΢ʶԲ׽ǰڰ֮ٶȡ
ڰ֮ٶȰ£ƻʱȴһֹͣͲǰ
ԵٶȣԵӳ˯ĺڰ֮ʤϹţ˾
Ϲʱ붫һսĺڰǿߣΪͻͽѲʱǿ߿ɵС
ǿѹڣſ졣
𣿡
ڰ֮˵һ䣬ɫȴûκθı䣬ȻһڰɢķҲ֮١
ڰһ𣬲·׹ȥ
أѪȾ쳾ɳ
ʣڰ֮Ӱ󣬺ڰ棬Եĺڰ٣˼Ѻϣ
ϣѪ䳾֪һȾ죬ϼˡ
ԳԽĺڰ֮ȻҪսοʱκܹڰ֮
ǿںڰ֮ǰȴһжӲ¡
ڰı䣬ΪʹĿ⿴ǰڰ֮һ֣ս
˼ϣ֪ɲϷ̤˲ٿս֡
㲻
ȻϢƣȴر𣬺ڰ֮ɫ΢䣬ֵ̧ɷâ
ڰˣȾ죬İ׷ѪȾ
ڰ֮ڰѹƹϼޣսеһȣѪĿɽͬ硣
ɽĽ׶ͬʱֲɷӿȣ
Ѫ죬ܵɷɣƤѿ
ڰѹľи֪Ϊ򣬲ĳǿлĿɽ
Ľ֣ͬ춯أ֮УƱãƱգ
Ľ
ڰ֮ǰĿɽɫ¡
Ȼ
ֻǣ̫ˣ
ĽݺύΪΣѹǰڰ֮
Ȼ
ڰ֮ɫӿ콣裬Ѹٱ١
ɺĺڰȻĽƺڰ
ڰ̧֣֮콣⾡飬ĽܵڰɳǧȻ֮С

սУһƺߣӷɳײһһɽ
ʱʮС᲻¡
δ䣬ڰ֮ٵɽǰĿ⿴ǰѪȾ˼֮ɫĮ
ৣ
ʱ󷽣һһƿնգնڰ֮
ţ
ڰ֮üδĺڰϢɢ⻪
󷽣սεŮӼֳ̫ԨỨ¸η
ٵɽУǿ˫ۣˣһſڣɳƵ߰
Сȴڳÿ˶Уڰ֮Цתˣɶ˻Ѱ·
䣬֮УڰϢХֲѹҪ顣
ڰϢ̫ԨỨͬʱ۶ϣ죬ɳǧϡ
򶫷ܵڰĳŮµĽֱӻȥ˼Ѫһҵ𵴣δϺڰ֮Ѹܵеľ

ɽУӾҲ˫̱仯ɺ졣
ŭޡ˼֮ϵĺڰϢԽԽŨˡ
ڰ֮׿ǰˣ糼ڰһ
֪ߣ
һ̣ϣħӿӦ³֣ʮſƮ㣬ħ
ĩַ֮â߳лƺڰնڰ֮
ͻһʮħߣעһ֮С
ͬһʱ䣬սУһĨӰ֣»ҫĿ㾡ȫء
ɶ˻ħҹŮչֳһԻ͵ʱ̣ɲǵĹԣڰ޷ڡ
һڰȻݡ


1566 ħ
򣬺ڰ֮٣Σ
ԽԵʵѹƣǿ֪Ҳ޷ֵ
Σʱ̣³֣ΪһУΪһȡһ
ǧ֮ǰĴħȻЩ飬δı䡣
еʱ̣ԥ
ʮգ˵Ϣӣ֮һĻķ
ؼ䣬ɫƾն֣У޾ĺɫ֣ʮ
ڤ֮;ͬ飬ħ˼ܵʮӰ죬ٶȳ֡
л
иУ˵һ䣬һȣؼڤ֮
춯֮һΪƣµľ硣
ţ
ʱԶ֮ϣһΨǰɫµʥӰиУĮһĨɫ
˼侹˽ħ˵ز
࣬ҪҪǿࡣ
ʣϼһ֣Уϵƽ
ǰڤؿԶɫĮǧУгߣ޿ɵǿ塣
߾찡ٶһ֣ţඨȹ˴δ٣֮ǰһ㣬಻Ḳ𡣡Уϵٶ𣬵
ĶԼˣϣһΣҪعأĪҪٲ˼֮¡ڤ
Ȼ
䣬ɢػصڰ졣
뿪ǰڤע˼ľʮصĿУκβ
һľ֣˼ıأ
񰡣Ҳڴľֵս
˼䣬֮Уڤ֮ڣΪͻƣĩ֮ȼҫ۵ħ棬նǰڰ֮
ϣվֻϡ
ڰ̧֣֮Ȼĩ֮͵أ˿ֹ˺ڰ
սУܵڰɣ죬ش
ҹҹŮԺڰġ
ǰһħȼյٶһȣħ漫
ħɻ꣬˫˲ɫٴ
ħڰᲢۣ
ڰ֮ߣһĳȻǰߡ
ɢħ棬ÿһأħ߲־ٲ⣬ͣ½ŲһΪɻ
ħѪ䣬ڴϣһطΪȵħѪħ߲ս⣬δϨ
޾ħѪأ죬ƪչ
ʱ̣ħ־ħ֮ʩչƪ
ԣ
ڰ֮иУɫ΢
ڰ𣿡
ֻһ̣ͻȻϢһ䣬ӻպϡ
žޱ޼ʵļžʱ·ֹͣ
һ̣ϣһϤ
ֲ˾ʱǧ꣬硣
ս⣬в뵱һս˼ǿȫһ¶֮ɫ
ڤ
ɽУĿ⿴ǰħƵӰɫڡ
ϣֲħ֮ʮ𶯣һѺ۳֣ѳ⺧˵ѹ
ĩոӿֲ޾ǿգеܵĿ־壬ȫڵأɪɪ
ֻ˵ħХڣɢڰۣӣֻһۣȴ·޾ϴضʧȥɫʡ
֮磬һйȻʧɫ
ǰڰ֮ɫ£Ŀעǰ仯Ϣ֮ġ
ڤһֻ˵һħ
˵оأУڤǿȻ߸ϵҲܷһ㡣
ʱǧ꣬ڤ֣˼䣬𺳺ڰ
ڤۣʮſħԪ羪ξˣɢؼеĹڰΨħ
ڰҲħᲢۣ
ڤ̧֣ħ֮󺣶ѳ⼫ħʼٱ١
ǿϣѺ۳֣ĩ֮춯ء
һħ񣬺ڰ֮Ҵ⣬ȫۣħ֮档
ڰħӦײɲǼ䣬˵һĻأֱһΪɽ٣ֲݻٴ
սУħȥڰڰ֮һƺߣ
ԵħֻһУڰˡ
һ֮ڤûٳ֣黯ʮҲ֮ɢ롣
Ʈ꣬µҲ֮ɢ
нڤܹ֮һ֮ħ߻
ħþʹɢ
ʱؼ䣬Įϵ»ڡ
漴ϣʱг֣ħʧʱվͷ
·ûԥӰӹһͬʱС
ѵ棬ڰ֮һĻɫԽ䡣


1567 ֪
򣬹Σ̣֮ħ־֮ʩչУʱǧ꣬ڤһڰ֮
޿ɵһħȻֻ־˼䣬ֲ𺳡
һ֮٣ħع죬ʱ˱ħߡ
棬һͬʧʱ֮С
ϣڰ֮վڹ棬ɫ쳣
󷽣졢а񣬺ڰɫʮֳء
һħ񣬵ǿ˿־塣
ڰ棬ɽУһڣĿɽ׼ս֡
˼֮ʱ䣬֮󣬱˼ļԪϧǵʱɡ
䣬棬ڰϢѸٻ£ڰ֮ӰɢλڰҲ֮ȥʧ
ٵɽУע뿪ĺڰ֮һ𽥽Ϩ
֪
ʱ򶫷˼ǿ߸ǰĿľɫǳʹ

ǿǰȥ
һٵɽ£ְǿʯ˻Եİ
󷽣Ů뾡ˣ㽻Ұɡ
л
ԲѵİŮͷŮˡ
Ůӹ׵˼Ψܹڰǿ߿⣬ֻЩС°ˡ
ԶǰһȾѪһ̾
һ٣ѹʵ̫ˡ
˼٣ǽֻ֮ǣڰǿǿ˾
һεĺڰ֮٣Ҫȵݴٸӿ£Ͼڤ١
ͬʱڰ磬ڰ֮ع飬󣬺ڰ档
ͻȻڰ֮һģϢһ𵴡
һһħ񣬵鴫
ڰ֮˻ڰѹƣĿ⾡ɫ
ϣƣ
쿪ڣɫص
ް
ڰ֮һħ˼䣬Ҳƣ֮ڱȬ
λڰԣȫһ
λڤ˵ѹȸʵ̫ǿˣڤ֮ǰûС
ҲΨϣܽڤĹơ
Ҫչˣڴ˻ڰ֮ڵ
ǣ
λڰ
ڰ֮չأȫˡ
ͬչأѹơ
УС«ɹ⣬ǰˡ
չƽѹ£ʱָ۷塣
У˼ɫмɫȴ֪
ʱ߳ǰˣƽλ뿪ɡ
֮ףŮǰ㲻𣿡
ˡ
΢Цҡͷ
Ҫһߣ
ǰ
㣬ߡ
ǻҪŸ뿪Ƭ磬ս𣬵ǣϣĻֱҪסǴܺڰĹؼ
£ɣ֪Ϊִţѵ
Ҳߡ
ǿվͷҲڰ֮ݣɵıĽΨܷɾ衣
ʦ
һԣۺػ
߰ɡ
ƣЦ£ҲһĻǣҲܺһ뿪˭߲ˡ
ǧǧȻȴûʱٶ˵ļ֣ܹ˵
վ˼뿪ˡ
һһ˼ϣǰ硣
˼䣬Ψһˣػ
һʱ䣬ºͻȪһ򳹵
ڰ֮ʵѳԽ˾޽ӽڴ˵еĴƾʵ̫ࡣ
Ҫֹڰ֮ͱ辶
ڶգĽǿɽϢ
գϣ˼˫вɣ
󣬹ŽУǰ̫ԨŽ
Ľȴ̫Ԩ׼һս
ľУ̫ԨΪ˼ƽٱ
ʱ䣬˶ݣ߶ԣֻǵָһ˲
УգһϢȴǸı˲٣׷裬ħԾˡ
һ֪ĩսȴ·ʲô
ǰ⣬߱У
ȻգףǾ£
֪һ֪ΪһϧˣϧȴΪԼһա
գ֪֪ԼΪˣԸһС
ҪսսɣôԵɡ
ϣڣ˼䣬ҫۡ
ã֪ȥһУýǿĽ

ľУ̫Ԩ𶯣ͨ͸տҫĿ
ʱǿվͷڰѹڰ֮ƹضذѹ綼ҡ


1568 ֮ս
Ŀ꣬˼ǿȥΨ֪һ£˼䡣
۵İ׷Ʈ裬ս֪ľƽ
һε֮䣬ηȴ޾塣
һŽڴϣľʣϡ
սޱͷڰѹֲ˾Ϣѹض
ڰϢǰһµĺڰ֮󷽣ڰ棬ޱȵϢġ
ڰף˷
ֻһ𣿡
ڰ֮ڣ
һˣˡ
ƽ
ţ͡
ڰ֮ǰɫӣѹԽˡ
ϣ
󷽣ǰڵֵ࣬Գ֣ɡ
ڰ֮ҡͷ˼֮ͬˣ㲻Ķ֡
ԣüͷ壬ϵ˼֮¶⡣
ûпλ˼֮кθı䣬Ϣ͹ǰ졣
㣬ñ˼Ȥ
˵䣬ڰ̧֣֮ɫϢ羪ηӿѹǰ˼֮
սʱ޾£ڰ֮˼֮ٶȶԾ
µֻأעһս޿ɱܣܣ˼串
ȣ
һȣ죬
̫Ԩ𽣣
ڣ̫ԨŽӦʣտĹ⻪Ϊ춯صĽѹϯʮء
һ̣˼磬е鶼ܵɾ˵Ľ⣬¶𺳡
֪
˼ǰǰ·һ˼ϣĸϣ˼иУɫȫһ
ʦ
ǰĸϣ߳ˮб˲ѡ
һԣվɫƽһ˿
Ǵ˾Ҫʲô
ϣܵ˼Ӷİ罣ѹɫڡ
Խ񡣡
ǰՕDɫأŵϦԣĽվܴﵽ̶ֳأ
˼䣬ӳ֣뽣ϣ⾪졣
ڰѹƣ֮ƿնڰȻײ
춯صڰ뽣ͬʱɢನƵϯ
ޱһſܵ˴սӰ죬Ϊҽʧ֮䡣
һоս֮ȫչ
ϣ̤ذ磬˲ڰ֮ǰ
̫Ԩ羪ˣն¡
ݺĽ⣬⻪ҫĿδ䡣
ڰ֮λڰɫһ䣬Ľ
֮ǰڰ̧֣֮ɫӿ״Ȼ̫ԨŽ
ȣ
ٶȳһȣתǧ
ڰ֮˫Ԫǧ
¡¡ҡǳΪˣÿһнǻ֮ÿһʽǳ֮ܡ
⽻ڰӿսڰսҵ𺳡
һһȣսĻԽ̤㴫˵еһɫ⻪ҫս
ǧΪǧѧʶչֳ˵սѧʩչ
ƹ⣬ʽһһʽоںϣ֮ĴƸǿ
¡һ˫ȭӣ䣬ۣѪɽȻѪδͣδͣ
зӰ
ٲ⣬̤ſת۵һ˲ٶǰȥ
Խؽޣµٶȣʱնþֹ
͵ʱУ̫ԨŽն£նڰ
ڰ̧֮ٵ̫Ԩ棬ͬʱڰϢᣬһƷ˶
ƱὣǰźȻһ죬ƾ͸赲ش
⣬һ̤жȥƣһڣѹơ

תرɫǧǧ򽣹ƾն֣˫
˼佾Ҫҫ۵֮ƿʱյƣŭһѹǰڰ֮
֮ǰȣȷͬˣ̫ˣ
֮ƿնڰ֮עǰǧǧ򽣹⣬˵һ䣬˫죬ǧɫ
Ϣĺڰ֮ףµս֣һرѿʼ١
һ̣ڰ֮ס֮ನֱս֡
ǣѪϼˡ
ǰؽնڰ֮ܵ赲ƿڰ֮ķ
Ϭʮʽٳ񷣡
սδֹǿٳƣ֮е֮Թٵڰ
ٳӿһһؾض֣ûڰ֮
֮У
֮Уڰ֮ӳɱˡ
䣡
뽣˵ܡ
һĺڰɶĽ⣬ڰǿףս
ʮģ


1569 һ콾
磬ڰ֮棬ƺƽٵһս˼䶼Ҫȥ
ǧһŵ̫ԨɹȻ
޳Ƽޣ֮գʮӦ
޾࣬ޣ޼Ͽգ˼𶯣ľܵѹӰ죬ҡҷ
޼ޣ޾ңǿһδʮȻɫ
޾ʱգ˼磬ˡħеȫܵµĽѹ
֪ηһɫ£ܵиУĿ⿴˼䡣
֮
뿪˼ǧĴĴ˼֮䣬ûжͣŲһ̤ΪһĨɫ⳯˼ȥ
ֻǣ˼Ľϴ˼̫Զˡ
˼䣬֪ɹҫĿһյض
У̫ԨŽϣɢؾ硣
˼˵һսȾһУս
սУʧȥӾζһУ⡣
֮Խ塣
˼𶯣ĵһĻ֣ޱΪģ˼绯Ϊ磬һſŴǱ٣Ϊǳ֮˼硣
ɽأԽȻͷ
磬˼񱩵ĽѹƣħȫһΪߣӲԾ
磬ɽϣħͳע˼һսɫ쳣
˵ԶԶԽϹžļˡ
˼䣬Ͽգ֪ͽ⣬˼仯Ϊ硣
ǳһƿն£նڰ֮
֮£³ӳ֣˼俪ʼţǿϣǳ֮նڰ˼仮һ۵Ľۡ
Ŀ˼磬һǳ֮ն䣬Ľƣըܡ
޾ʱ⣬ϣۣڤĮʥӿ˼䣬һ̣಻һĨ졣
Ľߣǧǰλĳ֮ˡ
˼䣬ֳһλĽߡ
ʱڤħг֣һĨµӰ֣УԲѡ
һԣãȻ˫ۣǰ߾֮¶𺳡
ּˡ
ڤûл
ڤ

ˣ¹𣿡
ڤɫĮ
Ѳҹ̵ŮҲ֮

ĸһ޴ŭ
ڤ̧֣صѹ£ʱƬصն
ħУֻһ˫ϥԾ
ҧأٶֱƾҲϥ֡
һ񣬾һСˡ
޾Ѫ䣬
СߣиΪԼ⣬ǻᣬȴûϧ˼䣬ս𡣡ڤƽ
˼䲻Ḳ࣬ջʤ졣˫ȭųֵ
ڤЦûٶ˵Ŀ⿴˼ĴսȴյĽ
ħУɢһģǿס
ǰĻӳ˼֮ս˼硢ڰףȻսޡ
һɹڣһߺӿһһγһһײ
ǳ֮ն䣬ںڰ̱٣ȻڰϢҲ֮𶯣ޡ
Ŀ䣬ǧǳ֮ĩذ׽ӹ⶯졣
Ϯڰ֮񣬺ɫڣ޾Ӳ˼֮
Ȼ𣬺ڰӲ˼ֲ֮ĳ޹š

ƺһѪڰ֮˺벽졣
ߣͣ£ɹҫ۶Ŀ̫ԨŽںڰѸٻһһֱָ̣֪ӹᴩڰ֮š
սڰ֮׶ȼ죬Խ޵дڣ˼ܴ֮
ǧΪ˳̶ȣȻ
Ƽڰ֮ɫ£һƷˣױڡ
¡һƣƴٵ㣬ֲľȫۣǿƻС
һ͸壬Ѫ䣬н죬ηɳǧײٰ
˻ˣǧ⣬ͣ£˫𣬲𽣡
ɲǣԲڣһ֮Ϊ
֮ӣ֮
һ̣ǿռ䣬һʥƣĿ
轣ɱڰ
ǰڰ֮״˫죬ʱɫ֣ںƵˣ˾졣
žһսǿվ٣˫Ŀ˼価Ǵꡣ
֪飬һսʧʥ־µһ硣
˼䡢졢ҲܵʥӰ죬ӿ羪ҡ
ᾡһУ޸оʧҲ黯룬Ψһһһٹ⡣


1570 
򣬷ױڣХ쾪֮սȫȡ
̫Ԩ۶ϣڰ磬Хڣ֪轣ʥȻ֡
ʥϼ޾ķ֮ӣ𾪡
ǿϣһ黯оʧҲʼɢʣµΨн⣬ޱ޼ʵĽ⡣
һУ⣬һ춯أ𺳡
ϣڤҲΪһݣ˼Ŀ⣬˱仯
Զһɫ⼲۶УһڿڹŽƺ˼֮
иУٶԽˣɫƿʱƣ˼ȥ

Ҫ
ȣ
˼䣬оʧ귢˾ĳȣɹҫĿǳ
µֻأϹʱĵӰ˼֮Ϊ˼䣬ȼһУֹڰ
˼ǰĵ·ϣӻؿ˼䣬ˮԾ¡
ǿգһſϣһһʢ紵һ衣
˼ʢ
ƽ٣ǳضһſǱشɣʧȥ˱
ޣ£û˼䱻սյĽ
Ͽգⱼڣ֮־ɢڰѹ˼
ڰϢ·ڰ֮ǰ˼֮ɫ¡
֪һ̣ǰ˼֮˺ƽƽ

ڰ̧֮ͷʱɢĺڰϢٵȴƷƣ֮Ԫ춯ض֡
صѹһһؽ⣬޿ɵ
ǿǿףԽħڰƬ޾µĴ綼޷ܡ
֮Ԫ£ɢϢĹȻȫɢ
Ȼһ·ˣɢ޷ֹ֪־
ɹУʧȥһǿ

߾磬ע˼ʥӰ˵
ƽ֣ȴʥֽٴϿࡣ
˼䣬ݵĽں֪һҫնڰס
ʥ޾֮־˼ᶨȻڰ޷ڸǡ
ضݵ֮־֮޼᲻ݡ
Ͽգƺڰذ׽ⶴڰ֮壬ʮ⣬ɢΣ°׷ӰԻ
ɢĽ⣬֪һٹ⣬֮ء
˼֮Ľ𣿡
֪󣬺ڰ֮ڣƽ
ǿϣ˼䣬֮ʣعⷵգнָ
˼ʢ֪һ޻ڡ
ڰ֮˼䲻಻ʧ㣬սʧܡ
䣬ɢٶԽԽ죬֪һУء
ڰ֮ĿڣһźɫȻѣ֮׻ȥ
֮Դȥڰ֮һģһϢ𶯡
ϣ
ս⣬졢аٸԴ֮鱻ٵĺڰ֮¶ɫ
û¡
ڰ֮ǿס𵴵Ϣһۼ˼֮ûٶڵߣ
䣬ɫϢڰ֮ͺڰӰʧսȥ
ǿϣע˼䣬¶һĨ΢Ц
ˡ
ʣµģͽˡ
ɢɹ⣬֪־عأ쵶ʵһ˼һ⡣
ʱǿվͷһɫƿնϿա
ʧǧ˼䴫潣֣Ŀ⿴ǰ֪һ
ǰˡ
ɢɹУ΢ЦǸսſʼû
ڰͷ޾ڰԨڰ֮ѹõĺڰϢٶȾ𶯣ѹơ
֮Դ٣ڰʧȥ˲֮ѿ޸ϵơ
˼֮鴫
ĺɫУڰ֮𲻶ǿش
ǻ
ӽ˼ֹܹĽŲ
ֻҪ˼ıԴȻٶܱ֮Դһ
˼ǰ·ϣͻȻԣϵļҲ֮ɢ
ˣ֪ϢһͬɢԾó֡

״ǰһʥԪ˻ǰڡ
ԶΪߵĳŮ׿˼䣬΢
֪սˡ
Ů𿪿ڣɫص
ϣ˼ǿȫһ޾ıˡ
һش٣ڰ˼ǿһһ䣬ǿ֪Ҳս˼ѿκϣ
ͬʱ˼ĽӴеİ׷ŮһĿ⿴˼䡣
ĵļ¶Ϊʲô
ĺѩ˼䣬ˮԾ£Ȼ̫飬޷ıļ¶
̫飬׷ǧɣ˴ۡ
䣡
һ̣ܵ˼֮Ӱ죬˼Ľ磬ڶȻ𶯣ĩ׵


1571 ظ
磬һһƾն֣ٶء
ڶมϣ˼ǿǾнлıˡ
˼֮ս˼Ҳϣ
ǰĸϣһ˫ʧȥɫʣĪ֪Ϣʧһ˿Ҳ֮ȥ
һԣˮε£ȴǲҴǰŮӡ
ԶԽڵǿĿȫɫ쳣
۸飬û˻λ֪ĸʱڵʶ֪һֱǧ꣬˵Ѳܹݡ
ʮ⣬ŮĿע˼䣬ɱڡ
ڰ֮
žĳ棬û˸˵һ仰֪ս˵Ĵ̫ˡ
֪˶ãŵӳһ˿׿ʮŮڵŮ㽻ˡ
ŮԣɫһҪʲô

˵һ䣬ȥ
״ɫһ䣬Ҫ׷ȥ
ȥɡ
Ů֣ס̾ʦĸ飬㲻ʦսʧȥ˻ŵɣסˡ
һĿ⿴ǰˮٶ¡
磬ˮ
ǰˣɫ΢
ǧл˼շ
ߵ֮ǰ
Ҫ𣿡
ͷĿ⿴˼䣬΢Цϰӣ뿪ˣҲҪˡ
ԽûٶȰ
ʱȥһ·ĹС
磬һһأУһϢ
־ңƾ
飬޾Ԫϴϰ룬ǧ굯ָһ˲
˿׷һϦϡ

磬һλλ˼ܵϵǿϢ¶ɫ
ô죡
ǧ䡢ǳ𾪣
һ̣У˵Ŀⶼʣвڡ
ӡ
ڣɽѾ;ƿݵϣ̾
ʦ𣡡
߷⣬һλλΪǿŮӹ
ΪʦҪȥʦһˡ
䣬߷⣬һɾ˵ķԪͻʱƣ硣
֮أУ֣ͣ͵𶯣֮Ԫͱ
ϣʢ߳Ŀ⿴ǰŮӣӡ
ʦ𡣡
ؼ䣬Ů񣬵
Ըδˣ
ʵ
δ֮¡
ͷĿѩƽ
Ҫô
üԶԶ޷ƥλڰ֮
Ҫʱȫһսʱش
ˡ
˵ӵ˼һ̾Ϊʦһ̡
˵꣬Ѹɢؼ䣬֮ʢ
޾ķԪطڣ춯ء
Ӷлʦ𣡡
ͱ
˼䣬ڰԨͷɫڰ֮չˣڰ𵴣ѹ˼䶼
ǧպ˼䣬ʢȹŮһϢ춯ء
ͬһʱ䣬ڰ֮أ߳ڰԨĿ⿴˼䣬û˵һ仰ֱһĳ
صһƣֱӴݻ˰˼䣬򱻺ڰȥΪޡ
˼վӭ𣬺ڰףֻȥ˼䡣
ǿգ˼ʧȡ֮޾ĺڰ
ڰѸӣޱ򣬾ںڰҪݻͽʱʥҫ۶Ŀºڰʴ
𣡡
ʱĺɫУڰŭſ޿Ҫ
£
ʥУһĨٻӰ߳һƣֱӽڰ޺ޱ
ʹڰ˻ӾҲ
˼䣬ǿߡ
䣬ڰ֮߳Ŀ⿴ǰŮӣ΢С
˼佫֮ʣϺڰ֮Ϊ˼䣬Ϊ֪δԸ
ڣ٣ضݡ
ţ
ԽڵĴ֮˴̶ڰ֮üһƷתѹ졣
صһƣݿȻޱȿֲȻϴǰ벻֪˶ٱ
֪һսڰ֮Դ٣ʧȥ˲֮Ҳ˲١
֪ƴΪ˼µĻᣬڰ֮Բ಻޿ƥС
֮ǰ˫ָ£ţºڰ׵һơ
ģȼգɫĻڣһڻеš
ڣ羪ףȫʩΪ߶ͣصٶ¡¡
ƶʱؼĴ֮ɢؼĺڰϢ
սУȼյɫ棬ڰû˼䣬ȼһУҪ֪Ը
ǰΪ࣬ڰ֮Ҵ⣬ͬھķ񣬸Զԡ
ʱɱᣬͬһ㣬עʧܡ


1572 
˼䣬ڰڸǹƬر٣Ŀޡ
ȥ˼䣬޾鳹ʧɢ
ޱ˼Ĺڰ٣Ҫȥ˼ϣ
ͽڽٵʱ̣һºڰס
ոıһͷƮ裬껪ȥԪɢΨʣʱ
µʱѰһ岻Խƽ
޳Խޣʥ漫ڣ˼һ
Ժڰǿǰͺ̵ѡΪֻΪϧϣ
֪˼֮ն˺ڰ֮Ĳ֮ȱĺڰ֮վ޵С
ڰУţҫۡ
ڰ֮Ҵ⣬̧ڰ֮ŭɽϮǰŮӡ
ȫ۵ĺڰ֮ȻԴ֮鱻٣ΪɳԽǿ𾪡
ǰУһǹ֣âɣƺڰ֮
һѪȾǹѪ䣬Ŀ쳣
Ϊĺ蹵޿ֲһܴٴ롣
ʮ֮⣬סӰֲ̧Ѫɫ޶ԡ
ɫȼգָһеʱΪѰˣһԽˡ
ۿɼɫ棬֪ʱһ˿ɫϢҲ֮ǿ
򣿡
ڰ֮״ɫ£ŮӾ
ңη޾壬ȴĿ־壬һɱڰԽҫۣ򣬳Խơ
Ŀһ˲ɢٳڰ֮ǰɫǹƿնâ
ţ
ڰ֮˫۽ӲС
¡¡𶯣쳹ޱ򣬱ɫǹâˣƿһ谭ڰ֮
¡𣬺ڰ֮˰벽ұȾ졣

׶ȼ죬ڰŭһȣƷˡ
ڰˣ𶯣ɽѪȾ컪
սַֿʮɾ룬ͣΣ˫ֽӡֻһ
ʢǿգһ໤Ӧ澻
ɫУڰ֮üɢһ
ɢĿ⾡ͷȹٻӰʧ񣬱ɫǹƿն
¡һʥڰʥĹ濹ڰֲ֮𶯼ӣݻһһǳ
ҵһսڰӰϽʧȥԴ֮ĺڰ֮ս۷壬˹˵Ļᣬʥ󺣣ǧǿգɫս֡
ңԶĽڣ߶죬֮صѹƺڰ
˼ǿ֣սȫȣǿڰ֮ҲȾ졣
˵־ĽޣƼȴɱڰľġ
ϣѺ۵ڰشѼ٣ȻΪ֪֮սȴԽҡ
νͷɫĳȹȾ죬һͷǱѪȾ˴Ŀĺɫ
ۺڰ֮Դ٣ԿٻָսֵĽУڰ֮ϵԽԽء
ʱΪ˺ڰ֮Ĵʱڣѵ
ӣֻʱʱ䡣
֮ԣĿԻΪۣΪסʱ
شȴ֪ɫǹƳǣֻء
ܵԷ쳣ڰ֮Խ𾪣ͷһΣܵв
ƣŮǣΪʲô
ȣ
һȣƾ磬һͷѪȾĻ裬Ӱӳǹغڰ赲ƺڰ֮
ᴩڰŵһǹ۵죬ڰ֮һƺߣ
֣ۼ棬һƣҪǰڰ֮
һƣƴ㣬ͻȻһģ𵴣˲֡
ͻ֮䣬ڰ֮ɫһǿƣǿƷˡ
һƣĿѪޣ٣Ѫǿա
ʱʱȻ֮Ե
Ĵˣ
ڰ֮˵һ䣬ʽȴ˿û飬˫ףҪһٽǰŮӡ
ޱ
ɱн˱֮У£ºڰ֮ס
ڰ֮ߣһ֮ǰٶһƣ俪£
٣ҵ𶯣ɢ
ನУɫǹϣǹ֣׹
ϼˣڼ忪ʼֱ֮ס
ʱ˿̣㻹ʲôɱᣡ
ڰ֮ǰ߽ٵ
㹻ˡ
ʱʱ̵ȣһ־գ֮ͨܣһС
ʽʮһ
ɢʮ֣ϥʥԻŴ˵֮У˼䡣
ʮպ쳾ǿϣʮӰɢԪۣںΪһ
Ԫʮһʢ֮ܡ


1573 µһ
ޱ˼Ĺ֮أŵ£ʮ֣Ϊ֮ɱڰ
ʢ֮Уƾ춯أǿϣȾ죬ϣŮһޣǰδеľ硣
ʥԪ죬ڰϢܵӰ죬ˡ
ͬʱڣ߶Ԫ֮ϣ֮صƽҷ
ڰֻ֮˫ʹڰ𵴡
֣֮ϣŮʢ󣬾޴һ䣬ֲѹֱգݻһ谭
˵һƣޱ𺳣ڰ֮ǿƣ˫߶ڰ֮ǿƷˡ
ɲǣǿϣ޴Ķ֣֮ŭײ֮
䣡
ڰĽ棬ֻ֮ɢڰֱ˺ڰ֮
һߣ֮ͬײ֮󣬿ֲನ𵴣顣
ͬھһУڰܾˣ˭ûռϷ硣
ƺ𣬺ڰ֮Ťҵʹúڰ׸ܵޱߵ衣
ɶ˼֮ǰһսıԴ֮ȥҲǱ˵ز

ʱѹɽɢٵǰŮһͷ
ҵһսվδսʤڰִţվ޷Ը
ڰʤڰ֮ǰνɢŮӣкڡ
ñܴˣҲв飬Ҳñһܵݡ
ڰ֮ǿشǰ£ҪĿǰŮĿ
룬һϢɢ룬꽫ɢҲѸٱ١
ͬ޼ɡ
ͻȻУѪһһۣꡣ

ʶʹڰ֮һģ졣
ͻڰ֮ɫȻٶƬ̣ߣ뿪ս֡
Զ𺳲ѵĺڰҲ֮뿪սʧ
ǿϣѪԽɢźڰ֮ȥķһĨź
վ޷Ϊ
ڰԨشĺڰ֮ҴҸϻأʱڰԨǰһĽƿնϺ̹ǡ
ڰ֮ɫһ𣬷Ӳ⡣
¡һྡྷתۣԶһ׹Ӱš
ĿĽ⣬ǿ죬ǿ죬ڰ֮һϼϡ
̫ϣ㣡
Ϣڰ֮ɫԽڰϢᣬ±һ
һˮˮ˾٣Ҫս𣿡
ڰ֮ٵһƷɣʱȾ졣
һ⻮ƺɫս£ڰ֮ٶܴ
̫ϵĺѩһδ񽣻ٶȣб
ʱ󷽣һɫĽ֣Ϊڰ֮Χ
һһף񽣽棬ֲನ𵴣Ӱͬʱ˳
ϣˣ˽ᡣ
쿪ڣὣǰϹž

ĺѩɱһһ̤Ӱ˲ʧ
ڰԨǰڰ֮ûٳɣ̤Ԩս뿪
ৣ
ڰ̤֮ڰһ˲ɫնٶȴһٴĿѪ
ϼ˵ĺڰ֮ûƬͣӰӳڰԨʧ
󷽣̫ϡ
£
ĺѩȣһӹȻ˺ڰһ
˲ɣĺѩŲһ̤ڰԨ
̫׷ɱشĺڰ֮ʱޱͷע˼䣬ӰɢΪǹ⣬عء
Ȼźһ̣ȴҲûа
һ٣ڵǿսȴҲһ˿ϣ
ֵ𣿡
ʱϣһ̾΢š
һ̣ǿռ䣬һλǳȹŮ߳Բ԰׵մһ˿̬Ľ
ǿϣսನɻδɢ𵴣Ů˼صԵ쳣
Ů̫ˣȥжʮ껪ͬפߣŮϼ̫µĺۼ
Ȼµĵط
ŮӵϢ̫ǿˣԼ䣬˾ѹ
ʮ껪ľĪ˵رٵĩʱħ̫ʱ񼣡
ǿ֪ʮ飬޽ǧ̤꣬ٶȵļޣ˼ԪǼΪ͵ĳɾ͡
ֻǣеһУ츳ŬԵǰŮǰȴԵ˲԰ס
ʮ껪ľֲš
ȣȣ
ǿϣսನ𵴣Ůٶ˼ɫԽ԰ס
һĨѪָ֣϶Ůƣ֮ɫڣĿ⿴ǿգֶ̧졣
ʱ˵һĻǿϣµС


1574 ֻ
綫Ʊãһϣ˼Ǳ˷һһ롣
˼ٺе˶ףǵʱ䲻ˡ
˼ѻ٣绹춼ܵӰ죬޷ֹ磬ǵ֮ء
е֪ս˼һʹĴԽڵǿǣ˵ͬʱֲòǿѹר
巽ǿҲܵ˼ľ䣬ֲ̿
˭֪ڰ磬˼Ĵսħʶڰǿ
ڰʢȫ汻ѹƣؽٵĩʱûкͺڰء
ɽϣħոһػĴأشӰ硣
һƬصħ𣬱κ˶ϧ֮׵ĺƽȻҲҪƽ
ͬՕDҲȫػĴأһĺƽ
أûһػͱۣ֮ӰȫӣѺ۵ɽ麣Хء
ˮȣȻ˿Ϊ
˼䣬ٵأѿһ˿еѱڰ׻ȥޱ޼ʵУΨһſŸɿݵǳ
ľţط·عؿ֮ǰȴֲͬ
ޱߵУޱڣ֪µһ򣬳Ϊ˼Ĺ
ģĴսѼϣشꡣ
ͷһǳڶУ˵Ĳͬ
ڤһ˼ָ̫ãط粻ͬȻڤ类ǧ꣬ںͽķûȫͬ
øĴ٣Ӱĳ̶ȷ󣬳ȴλΪߵһףûʶѾˡ
ڼ֮أһսǰѪȾǰҹĸҡ
ܵڰķɣܴǴ֮壬ѾǰһսС
ڰ̫ǿˣǿ˼ǿ߿ɼ
ѩУһĨǳȹȴԲ԰׵ŮУ߱ǧɽˮ߹긡
һüѩѹϵǰŮͣ½Ųȥ֦ϵĻѩɫƽͣһ˿ɱ
ѩأ֦ҡ·Ůӵл
Ů˼ƣԽŨ
ţ䣬Ůһֱ˼ߣȻΪϾŮӵȴոһյı
ʮǵ·޷Խһһֻغ󣬽޷ı䡣
ʮ꣬ŮӵΪѾ۷壬˼޵УǿǶ޷ֵŮӵϢ
һĩŮ뿪˼֮أݴء
ڤڤ֮У·˵ǣŮ߹˴ĵĴأ羰·ࡣ
±Ǩĵͳ߻һһľȴһֱȥػάĵҫò˥
³ǣѾΪ˵ĹųǣŮʱŮӵѾܲû߼ҪϢƬ̡
ȣȣ
ҵĿŮǣѪε£ȾųǵĴء
û°ɣ
ʱŮԣһλźµ˳֣ɫƽͣʵ
û¡
ŮҡͷӦ
˿ŮӾٲάӰ¶˼֮ɫ
ΪΣܾŮʶ
ǰ𣿡
˿첽ǰʵ
Ϊλôʣ
Ůͣ½ŲƣЦ
Ҿù죬ȴ벻ʵ˵
Ů̧ͷˣƬ̺ҡͷûм
˵꣬Ůûٶһһǰȥ
˿ŮԶȥıӰɫԽã
ľãŮӡ
³һƵĹУŮʱͣ½ŲĿ⿴̻ƣһĨ
̻
գλˣƺļء
ֻǣǲˡ
ȿȣ
ŮӿڹϣҿָУѪȾȾ˹ʯ塣
ԪȻ޷ı˵Ĳпᣬ³УŮӽ۾
ҹͷ⻹δǰµµŮӣɫһ

ǰ̽ŮӵȴѸܲκ𶯡
䣡
ʱ֮ϣŻʣܲ
ΪݵŮӣԪ֮գ콵ŭףȼ
ȼյ׻յúҹһ׻ȥеһкۼӺŮӵ
˵һҹƺ˷˵˻


1575 
ݴأ˶ݳ֣˼䡣
ڸֵ³ǵʱѱ׻ΪҽеĶʧ
˵񼣣޼Ѱ˼˵ˣֻǣΪֻЩ˱Ļԡ
ڰԨͷڰԨ̫׷ڰ֮ټ꣬սΣÿһνҪڰ֮ʱڰֹһ
ڰ֮ϵԽԽأԱԴ֮鱻ٺ󣬲֮ƣѸٻָһһս弱ģ۷塣
̫ϵ׷ɱֹڰ֮ûʱˣûʱ˼ıԴ
Ϊ˿ڰ˼ǿǲȴҲ˺ڰصһ
ʮأ̫׷ɱڰ֮ʮأս֪ٴΣһսʱ̫˺ڰ֮ţ֮壬ɳɱڰס
ȻһȴǱڰ֮һа£̫ƫһ磬δܸڰ֮һ
аȼڰԨΪס̫ϵĲ
ڰ֮ԻôϢ˻ᣬӳ˺ڰԨ
˼䣬ڰ֣֮֮ܡ
̼䣬ڰϢӣȫ˼رԴ
ڰԨƺڰԨ̫ϣȫۣϳ
¡¡쳹أܵԽȡ
ʱľ棬ʤ
˼ޱܵԶڰӰ죬ޱʼ䣬ǿʼݽߣͿ̿
˼ĹҪȥʱؼ䣬һֻ޴Ļ֣ײ˺ڰϢ
ֻؾͷӰ֣ȫ赲ڰϢʴ
֪˶ãޱϿգ޴ֻ֣ɡ
ʧȥ˻赲ڰѸޱÿ䣬˼һƬ
ϿգڰϢѹڽ٣麧Ȼ
֪սħȾڣ޻ߡ
ʱԶһѪȾĻŮӳ֣赲ڰ
ɫȹȾѪʱµһε˺ڰ֮ǰ
㾹Ȼû
ԶУڰ֮иУ۾
Ͽգһͷ裬һΪ
ŵγ絲ǰݺڰȾָڰ벽
֪ǰƴķδĺڰ֮Ըðգûż֣ѡ˼رԴ޸ش֮
ںڰ͹һνʱ磬ļأһŮӤڱѩ֮Уѩ£޲ϡ
ԶƫԶΨһһУһλϵĸŮӤæǰ䱧
ŮӤĺܾ£ƺڴѩ˷纮СЩ԰ס
ϸŮӤ˼УϤϡ
ͬһʱ䣬ʮ֮ңķУķҲһӤ
֮ǷԲʮָǿߣΪ磬ʮ﷽Բ̳
Ӥĳ֣νǧ谮һ֮õĴҩȫãֻӤ̤֮·ʱΪϴ衣
תۣʱȥӤչֳ˵츳Զ֮գ޴ĻӰԻأ𾪸
ʮ֮ңļأŮӤҲʼŮӤʱһԴ
ϸͺܴˣҲʮֲãʱ޶ࡣ
ֻǣϸĲ¼СŮӲһ
һ꣬ȥʱϸҲŲסǡ
СŮ޵ĺģССͱ㾭ʹࡣ
δСŮ˹ȥʱ۽ǻˮ
СŮʱΧԶӿСŮڣδŵ飬ȴʵķˡ
ǣͬδСкϷǷḻԴΪһǧ
ϾˣСкӵõ㣬츳Դԣ֮ѡ
ʱ֮죬תۣʱȥ
ʮķͦοʣʱ䣬̤ɾ
񼣵꣬䶯籱
˾˵ΪչȻʷҲδţδ
֮ӣ
ǣе˶ΪǱؾ˵Ĺ֮ӡ
ʮ⣬˭֪ĴУСŮҲˣʮͣͤͤ
СŮ䣬Ҳûͬƽ˼ҵŮһ㣬ͨ
ȻŮĵУȥγһƬ޴󣬿ͷȻ̤ɾҲҪμ穡
ŮΧʱ޿̲ӿڣŮĿ٣ٶҲԽԽ졣
ٳضΪʷǿߡ
ǣһλλǹ֤ŷ񼣰չһ̾
䣡
ʱңԶıرɫӿ
٣
Уһλܵر仯ȵλǰ𣿡
ֻм˼ҵĴУŮͣе飬Ŀ⿴ʣüͷ塣
һ̣أ


1576 һ
籱ԱʮĴУرڣرɫ
٣춯أ£ŮĿ⿴գŲ⡣
٣δ䵽ŮϣѸɢ˼Ů֡
˵һĻŮϣһĨ°׵Ĺ⻪֣򷨲֡
Ϊʲô
Ů⣬ΪʲôҪ
Уһλλ񿴹һ㿴Ů¶֮ɫ
֮£Ůף񾪿ֵĿ⣬ɫ΢
Ȼ֪ϵΪʲôҪǣ֪ڴࡣ
һպɢʱŮӴ뿪ˡ
ǣϰ䣬Ϊ
Ŀľţʮ̤ɾǰδ
֮ټõʦȻֱѰѰϣһ˫񽣡
ʮʱ飬̤ɾ۷壬ֻһ
ʱҲɣɵһգƱ䣬׽䡣
ѪΪ񽣿棬ɲǼ䣬նơ
񽣣һٳ谭ʽ̤
ʮƿֲ
֮ϲºܹϲ¡
ˮŮʧٺ󣬱ףĸָΪӪ˭˵ͷ
Ȼǵľų֣÷ѹڶһٵȲãǱ֮ϡ
ǲԶֻʳһλŮ˻ʳʱ䣬ʫ飬Ůݣѧȴ˿ɼ
ֻʳĻʵôһλŮӣּټ
ŮУλȴ
һ磬ŮԾ˵ĲѧλĴ壬¡
һ꣬ŮܷʿΪֹʷĹʿ
ŮľޣϷķâһʱ䣬˱Ϊ˫ڣâһʱ޶
Ů궼֪ԷĴڣֻǣ˭Է
ڣʮʱɣһ񷣬ٶ¡
սȴֱƿֲ
һ꣬ս˷֮ĳΪ˷ǵһ֡
ǽ
µ֣ʮֻ֣벽ܳɾһ׵ĵλ
ǣʼս¡
ʮɽɣһʱ䣬һһսʤʮһܼ
ʮֻ̤꣬ʮɽɵڱĵλ뵱ˮŮ졣
ħՕDۼ֤ľ˳ɳ˭ûв֡
Ҫһλףλõѡ
սʮɽɵǰֹ
ֹʦһλ۷ĴߣʵǷνֹǿ֮ˡ
ֹ֮Գʢ˥ΪֹʦĴڡ
ֽһ·ֹǡ
޵ķǽ˿ɵͬǿߣӲһ
ͱ˵ķâֹʦòӦս
һսսҵһսֹʦʵǿ쳣ȻŮҲԶĺ࣬սȾ졣
Ȼ껹Ӯˡ
е񽣣նֹʦķȣشλֵػ
䣡
˵ĴսĻֹϽǣһ䲻۵ĸۡУһɾ˵Ϣرɫ콵
и֣
ܵԶΪǿ¶ɫ
ûԥһ̤ŶϽȥ
ǸһλλֹȨĿ⿴׽ٽٵλãɫ¶𾪡
ǸλŮʿĸۡ
ʿŮ°׹⻪ƣΪϣ׺
ǰŮɳ̫̫࣬Żˣʽ̤֮·
콵°׹⻪Խ֡
޾Ůɫ޾壬°׹⻪һֱһն
ͬʱŮ˵һбǿҵս⡣
սҪŮһϸ¡
Ů󣬱µݣϾУǿ֮ˣΨλǽ
Уиִ˷Ϊŵٲʵ̫ˡ
ŮۡУǰֽս꣬üͷ塣
ͽ̣꿪ڣɫƽ
ʿ⣬һλλֹˣǽ̫ǿˣǲò١
ķƱãʿڣȴ԰࣬Ůǰ꣬һδԡ
Ϣʱ䣬ȺŮУȻŮȴʼδĿƽ޲
ʮϢҡ
Ŀһ˲˫ʽ档
񽣷˫նգŮǰ
֮ĵһĻ
У񽣽ҪŮһ̣ϣ⻪ɢ
Ů°׹⻪Իȥ񽣷â
ͬһʱ䣬ʣһܵУ


1577 
ֹ˫ʽ棬ֻһУǵ꽣Ұܡ
µĽܱʮλɽ֮ķǽһвҰܣ˵Ԥϡ
һʱ䣬ֹŮʿĿ
䣬ǰŮͷ꽣һΪ˫ڣǣ꽣ĹעȴԶԶŮ
ֹŮʿһˣ硣
һлܷǽʵȻǿҲѵ˵ֹλŮʿѾԽ
磬һλλĸĿ⿴򱱾¶ɫ
ͬһʱǳλ콾֪˻ǲҡ
ǵ꽣пܻΪһˣҰλŮʿУܴ죬󽫻粽ѽϧˡ
˭뵽ֹһλʵֲŮʿǽǿľǿߣκʱͬһѹƣֻ˵ǽʱ
磬Ŀһսпǵңʱܼ֤λԽħľ콾
Ҳٹ˶ã˽ɳΪʮصĸǿߡ
ӢۣµļԪˡ
磬ՕDħĿӱ¶ɫ
˵츳ʵ̫ˡ
ǰ񿪿ڵֳɷǵһʱֹš
ûС
ՕDҡͷλʮصĶɽ֮Ҳǧ꣬Ŵﵽĳɾͣʮ󡣡
֮·졢졢̤ɡֻĸ󾳽磬Ȼÿһ󾳽綼رȻһʱľҲҪǧܿԽһ󾳽磬ǰǵƺڣΪѷһǧܹݡ
꽣ֹػطǡ
ʱһأٻطǣһжѸı䡣
ǰķ⣬Ȼ٣ܵ񻰴Ӵ
ǰ֮ĬĬȴعĵӣɫȻ
ס
񣬵
ĪҪġ
еĸһ֮ıȰοԼĺӡ
¶΢ЦĪҪģû¡
нֵϣӽģع
꣬û뿪ǰ벽רϰ
һնһ𣬷ǽϰֻΪһĽ
£豹棬֮Ψһնһ̡
֮Ŀı仯ķâ¶ķ豹棬âв֪οǸп
֪Լĺӳˡ
ʧܣеʱǻ¡
ͬʱֹŮۡǰһͥУϴȨ󣬴ǰݷãȴŮؾǰ
Ȼ˷ǵ꽣£Ůûκα仯ÿճ˿дֱ޼ԺеĻݡ
ŮУȻд֡޼ݶŮ˵õС
ոһգŮΪһǧͶ㣬԰
޷ľ磬Խħĳ̶ֳȶԣŮһˣԣɽħֻĕD񣬶Ҫѷһ
綫˼ǿԴ磬㼸伣ٳǰ
˼Ĵ٣˼ǿʶʱĽԣޣֻΪгһܹӵз˺ڰ
籱飬붫ǿȴһ˳֣Ϊ֪ǿţ޷Խص޷һд
٣˼¾ֻʣºڰ
籱ƽʱȥǵ꽣ٳǡ
󣬵ѳɳΪһλˣƫذɫһϢȥƽ˲
뿪ǵʱ֮ϣߣˡ
Ŀű¶ɫ
λǵ꽣ǰǿˣңһϢȫͬ
˵ǰķǽһ񽣣񣬽ѹʣâշ硣
ֹǣϣСԺУŮܵԶǿѹûᣬ޼ԺеĻݡ
ĿǽӶֹǡ
СԺǰͣĿ⿴ԺæµŮûпڴš
֪˶ãСԺУŮ޼껨ݣĿ⿴Ժ⣬ɡ
л
лСԺ
ԺУĿӣ꿴ǰŮڵָ̡
ǿˡŮƽ
γ񽣣ǰɹ飬գֽһ
Ůͷɡ
һ䣬СԺһ䣬˵ѹ˲ʵʣѹΧʱ̾Ť
磬Ůǰ򵥶һʵ޻ȴն֮ܡ
Ů°׹⻪ɲǣһɼΪصѹֱɢ콣⡣

磬ՕDħܵǿѹɫһ䡣
䣡
ս𺳣


1578 Ϧ
ڰԨڰӿ̫ϻӽն߳ڰԨ
ڰԨ⣬˼䣬ѻΪޱ޼ʵޣеĴǶʧٴ
УڰڰϢڣǧ˿ݺύڰ֮УһϢ
˼֮Դڰ֮彥ָȻѷɫ۷֮ʱ
ڰ֮УǿĺڰϢۣγһīڵӣԴ֣ư羪ˣϢ˲
˼Ĺ֮أޱǰŮ֮ϣһⲻǿĺڰϢ
ڵĸѳԽеˣڰȻǿȴҲԽķ
ڰĶţѳʮأڰ֮ɵಫʱķȫǰԸ˼ػ潻֡
Ȼʱţ˼䱾Դĺڰ֮𽥻ָ۷壬Լͻƾļ
˼ĹҲϨ˼ʱȻࡣ
籱ֹǣʱ꣬ǽŮٶȽ棬â
ŮΪǿޱȣһ°׹⻪ƣ򷨲֡
Ůǵ꽣Ϊǰ̫仯Ȼһȴر
񽣳ʣ춯صĽϯֹĹħܵǿĽѹ¶ɫ
λ꽣Ľǿ˵ز
ֹǣݺύƽյ壬ȴǲ˼ƽ֡
Ȼƽ͵Ľȴħܵѹ
ϣСԺУСԺΪⷢɢʱŤ⾪
ģǽһǰ죬ÿһɽ
籩УŮǰ꣬Ľˡ
ҪСģڻȫԼĽ̫ǿˣ޷֡ѵ
赣ģ㾡ȫּɡŮͷ
ûٶԣһⲻʱŤһ̣嶼
Ŀһ˲ƾʧת֮Ůǰƾճ֡
񽣻նư羪ޣ̥ǡ
Ů̧𣬲ָӲ񽣷â
򷨲ֵ°׹⻪ɢϷâȻȴǲѹ¡
£Ӧݣʮ߼ȥ
ʮ֮ս˽Խʮ֮ڣûвˡ
ħ֮侪춯صĴս˵սȥ㼤ңȻΨǿߣܸܵ˴սľա
Ȼ۵ɿֲ쳣ƻشըȻ޷ܡ
һսգϦʱսֹ
ǵ꽣ǰˣ˰УŮΪ̫࣬츳Ĳֲܹ࣬
֮еĽ֣ΨһĲͬǰŮһжӲ£꣬ǵ꽣ܺŮսա
ˡ
䣬ɫлָ̣һȥˣϣл̡
Ů߽Ϧҽʮһˡ
ɫһɣº͹ͬꡣ
ŮջĿ⣬ҡͷ㲻ͬδ·ܳȥɣϣһܵȵһ졣
ɻ뿪ع˷ǡ
СԺУŮעϦһ̾
Ϧ޺ãֻǽƻ衣
ŮߵСԺĻǰݡ
ǣعٶȱչء
ˣ죬н
һչأǰꡣ
ʱ䣬ħ˵ָһ˲ߵԪ̫ƾˣǿͬ١
ֹǣϣŮŶƣһĨź
վδܵȵ
ʮˡ
ϧˣȥĽӦǿˡ
ֻǣˡ
պ󣬷ǣأǽأ˸Ľѹӿӷɢ硣
ǿޱȵĽ𺳣ǽƹضһҫ۵Ľӿ罣е򽣳ݡ
̵γһ·ֹȥ׼սŮ
ֹǣȫʣɫޱȡ
ǿĽ
ϣȶÿһ߹նһӡ귽Բʮɣ򷨽ʧΨн档
ͬʱϣСԺκϢ·ĵһ֪
Ϣʱ䣬ӷֹǿĽ⣬ʱշ޷赲
СԺǰһǰ
СԺԺŴ󿪣Ŀ⿴С
Ժڣݲ޼ʮ룬ȴҲŮټ
վԺǰĿ⿴ǰСԺһأɫ
ԭĻ˼
ˡ


1579 
ֹǣǽ̤򽣶˵ƣֽ֮
ȻϵСԺУ˷ǣŮʧվδܵȵ굽
һ֣һ֪ͬһʱΨһƥеˣǽؿſյСԺ⽥¡
󣬻δüʵ񽣣ҲûгʵĻᣬǽСԺһ⾡ɢȥ
˼䣬ڰϢӿ춯صܣȻ۷塣
ڰϢУڰ֮նһɫӿǿȻԶԶԽ˾
ǰǿĺڰֻ֮벽ɴ˵е
ޱ򣬷ƣŮػ˼Ĺ
ڰᣬȻϣã˼ػȴǲð벽
޴ĺڰΧ΢Ĺڰȫ渴գ᧿Σ
˼֮ϣܵӰ죬Ҳʼס
ӿĺɫУؼĺڰ֮Ŀ⿴죬ɫԽˡ
ҪرԴ
˼رԴȻڰ֮ҪΪ˳ڰ֮Ŀ⿴죬һڰϢ硣
׵壬磬ܵڰϢӰ죬ضʼ
ڰ磬𾪡

ՕDħɫͬʱһħϢƣסҡĴء
λ׽⿪ڷӡȫ汬硣
ϹžǿߣΪ磬ٷӡΪ
ȻΪȫ汬أʱտʼ٣ȻԳӴ
ֹϷСԺУʢĻܵڰӰ죬Ѹٵήɢ
ԺУǵ꽣״ɫ¡
˼䣬ڰĺڰ֮һϢٶȿʼ˵еĴ
ޱǰػ˼иƼųֶ꣬ȻҪ˼ޡ
࣬ʴȣڣʱڱĶûˡ
޾Уڰ̧֣֮ڰϢ羪ŭ˳ӿѹǰ˼ػߡ
֮ǰδüְ㣬֮һס˼䡣
ޱǰһȣޣѪȾĹӣںһϣӲڰ֮
ڰȻӽ֮ײ˼ʱ˫֣ڰڣΪɢ
ֻ𣿡
ޱǰڰ֮һƷתڰ
һƣսԪ
صһƣݿڰ֮ɢǹ⾡
ڰ
ʱ޾ͷһ𣬲ޱǰһĨذӰ֣񽣺ȻӶĺڰ
ʣȴȻڰǿȴԽء
󷽣ǰϤӰӺݺһ

ȻòϢˣǣ֪
㣡
Уڰ֮ˣɫҲһܣѾ
磬Ρ¶ǰʥһĿ⿴˼䣬еһĨɫ

ٹã磬ֽһλˡ
ʱϣһ֣Уϵ͵ֻѼƬ¸ȷ벻İ취λɽ֮ȷǴǻߣַǵһΡ
˷ճɹδ֪ȻҲֻءڤ
۳ɹ뵽취λɽ֮Ȼӽȵľ磬ʱԽˡУп
ڴһĵ
ڤĿ⿴˼䣬ɫĮ
˼䣬ڰ֮ǽϣֻصһսʱ꣬ٶȿ
ָ۷֮ȫĺڰ֮ǰ֮ˣɫ£һڰȫ߶Ҫһѩǰĳ衣
ǽݺύһһغڰ֮
ͬڹĺڰ֮˸Žߵ
Ȼ֮ģᶨƣƬ̶ҡ
ȴ˵ޡն㣬
˵һ䣬һ񽣳ʡ
죬Ĳ˼飬նʱսޣ꣬һ
ڰ֮ɫ΢Ҫ赲ȴѷ֣ǰȻʧ
֣һѿסǰ߼磬һŸɿݵĴǷȥ
ĿɱУֱ֣ӽڰ֮˦·ǡ
䣡
˵ĳŵĴķѣٴ
ڰ֮ӰɳֻһУ졣
ڰ֮
䣬ǽڰ֮ǰһӹһٴĿѪ


1580 ǰ
쿪ۣΣʱ̣ޱ򣬷ǽ˼䣬˵ĽΪħ
н棬رڰ֮ײһһǣ·硣
ϵս֣ǽһƣԵĽѹ޾ڰ
ļᶨ˿ҡԺڰκһ˿η嶼Ϊ㣬ǽϰʮأһβҰܣľĥ£Ѳղһꡣ
ǿϣ˼ĺڰϢԽǿʢȻĽâȴ˿Ӱ죬Գһںڰնһǰ·
û뵽ֻ˰ֻ꣬ˣ
棬ڰ֮ȼ죬ܵĲ֮Ӳ񽣷âץǰӡ
ǽЦƻתһȭӲڰ֮
ȭƽӣ𵴣ΪƴǽŲһ˲ٳâɡ
ն񽣣ֱڰϺڰ֮һۡ
Ŀ죬죬ڰ֮һƺߣ
ȴɫۣѪڰ֮ϵһ۾Ѹתۻָ
֮𣿡
ǽ΢УƬ̵Ĳһ̤Ӱٶӳ
ͲţоԵĲ֮
УҲҪ֮նƲĺڰ
ս춯أĿ֮䣬ǽڰ֮ǰƾն¡
ڰ֮״ɫһڰ˷ۣһȭٺ񽣡
ҵĳ𵴣ǿ򷨾ţâ͸壬ڰ֮ˣ˵ķǽ񣬽𺳣޼᲻ݡ
˴սսּ쳣֮ܲĺڰ֮·ƾſֲɱֲܡ
϶ԣǽǽ⾪ˣȻѪ֮ϾʱÿһλӽǾ޴ġ
ս֮⣬˵Ĵսоڡ
˵಻ֻأǣǰˣҪνͣ
ȻϢòͬǣ֪ˣ
ս֣ǧâݺᣬǽ񱬷սȫѹƺڰֻ֮عᾡУΨʣصĽ
ʱ޾ͷһĨ°׷ٻӰٸͻȻһʶһҵĻ㱡
Ƭӿ֣ϤһĻĻһѸĺѩˮ£֪ɡ
Ū˵飬֪ϧʼԵأһ֮Եתš
ˮʪޱǰĺѩ㣬Ŀ⿴ǰսеİӣ֪ΪΣ絶
սУ֪ΪԾڰ֮չֻ֮ܣս֮ȹ
ڰ֮ͼǽȫ汬߻޾⣬սַ
ؽݺύԼµĹһһشڰ֮
ڰʤ
䣡
ڰǽӽնನӰڰ֮ǰֿ̧סߵʺ⣬Զײȥ
Ǳ٣Ӱǽһǰĺڰ֮
ڰ֮ǰĻ֣ǧ⡣

֮󣬷ǽƺڰ֮Ļ赲һᴩڰ֮
Ѫǿգڰ֮ץס񽣷âƾѪɣַƣǿƻС
Ȼһƣ춯أǽвӲ˺ڰ֮һơ
ܴ콣𶯣ǽѪɽӰɳɡ

ս⣬Ҫ
¡
ǽ񿪿ڣǰߡ
ɫһ¶⡣
ҪԺڰ֤֮
䣬ǿϣǽͽ⣬ޱȵĽԽĽѳУǽ忪ʼ٣ɢԻ䡣
ҫ۶Ŀ꣬һ;ƵĽﵽ¡
һһʶһĻηĽߣԽֹ꣡
磬ʱƣһᴩصĹ޾ɼ

ӡ޿ɸı䣬ՕDħиУɫһ䡣
ǽȻת
ͬʱ綫һλλ˼׷˫ۣĿ⿴˼䣬¶𾪡
֪
ʱ꣬ϤϢ֣˼ƹضӰϣ˼䡣
֪ţ
ǧ俪ڣм֡
СӹȻûӰװôã
ԶһɽУǳĿ⿴˼䣬ƿڴ
˼ս֣ǽһͻƣͨ죬Խ޽ӽ˵е
ʱ֮ϣ׻ƾն֡
û򽣵ȴԺ֮ǿĽٿɶ
һ̣ն٣ֲһƺڰ磬ֱӽǿһΪ


1581 ȥ
ޱ򣬾֮һڰ𶯡
Խ֮ڰ֮ɫ΢䣬һڰ£޴Ӱ졣
Ƭضɫڰ֮ţ޴Ѻ۳֣Ѫɣ׹ǿɼ
ɫıԴ֮ԻϸƵȻֲ֮ܵס
ϣܵڰĿ䣬ذ׵Ӱӹָڰ֮顣

ָ͸壬һ飬ڰ֮𵴣Դ֮ѣ񱩵ĺڰϢӿǿ
·Ϲһ񣬺ڰ֮ѪվѲȡ
ϣ
ʱս⣬һɫƿնҪľķǽ񣬴شĺڰ֮ȥ
ޱǰǽԶȥĺɫ⣬û׷ϡ
һսǿĿ꣬򱻻٣Ȼʧȥ
һ޽£ɢ󣬷ǽһҲɢͷ
ս⣬ǰϤֵİӰеˮҲ̲ס¡
ǽиУĿ⿴ԶŮӡ
ǰļ䣬ȻʧȻǽǰŮӣɸоޱȵϤ
ٻˡ
ѵͷǽ¶΢Ц

ͷЦдᣬ
䣬ǿУǽӰɢع֮䡣

ˮٶȵ£૵
ڰԨɫӹ˵ĺڰ֮ɫ쳣
ڰ֮ɫ𵴣ܵıԴ֮飬һڰϢ
졣
ڰ֮ڣҪչˣỤ
ǣ
Ӧ
ڰ֮ڰ֮Ԩͷչˡ
쾲ԨУΪڰ֮
죬Σ
ʱʵ
ƼأѾչء
Ӧ
ԣɫһ
һϵƱһθˡ
죬Ҳˣ㽻ᣬȥˡ񿪿ڵ
׿һۺڰԨͷ׵СһЩ
ͷİɡ
뿪ӿĺڰУΨһ˾ĿԨ
ȴãתźڰͷȥ
ڰԨͷؽƷڰ֮Уרˡ
ʱĿ⿴ؽڵĺڰ֮ɫ֡
ͬʱ˼䣬ڰ֮˺ؼĺڰϢѸˣǿջָƽ
Ȼڰ˼Ŀ֮꣬
һſſǣҲһ˿ٵǿգѺۣ޴Ļ洦ɼ֮ڣ·ʱ˶ɡ
㣬ɳ𣿡
ޱһſϣС«ϣۺ
ġ
һġ
磬뿪˼Ŀ⿴˼䣬н˼֮顣
ôվ˼ǵļҡ
Ůȥ
ڣ
Ůע˼䣬ãͷǻȥ
Զǳǧ˻һۣԿ˶ԷĿеļᶨ
Ǹûȥˡ
Щ֪һ˳ֻ̫̫֪࣬أ˼䣬ػˡ
ºϣһ𣬳˼ȥ
ϽǰՕDŶڵվǻȥˡ
˼䣬ǵļҡ
һԣעŶƽ
ڰԨͷһؽ⣬۲ãС
ɲǣһؽ⻪Ŀ
֣ĺڰӿѸɽƵ
ģڱչ˵ĺڰ֮иУ˫Ȼ
㣡
ߣĿӣһ𾪣һ߱䡣
ֱ֣ӹ˺ڰ֮š
ϰϣ֪Ϊʲô𣿡
ǰڰ֮ЦΪ̫Եĺڰ̰Ѿɱ˫ۡ
񣡡
ڰ֮ѪʣĿ⿴ǰϹϾ£Ҳ벻нա
Ϊʲôڰ̧֣֮ҪˣȻһƣԶ벽
̰ꡢѣĵĺڰɱ˺ڰġ
ڰ֮ˣĺڰ۶ɵԼѡΡ
ڰԨľͷ˳ªڰϢӿѸɺڰ֮һԴ
ڰԨϿգƹиУ
񣡡
ʱԶһŭȥڰ񽣳ʣն
ֱ̧֣ӵ˺ڰ񽣣Ŀ⿴ǰڰһƽںڰҳϣ죬޴Ŀ࿴ˡ
ȻһڰˣڰӦ۶ϣ˺ڰԴһΪǿһǰδеĵز


1582 Բ
ڰԨªıѷѺڰס
Դᣬڰ֮ӰѸɢΣ̣֮켲ٸҪɱߡ
ڰǿλ֣ȴر
ȡ˺ڰ֮ıԴһ羪Σһ˺ڰ񽣡
ڰˣ졣
һƾǿڰ֮׵춼赲ش

ش죬кڰӿ
ֲ̧Ѫָâ
Ȼںڰڰĵһѡҳϣһޡ
ڤ粻飡
һһ̤˲ǰٶһƣںӿ
֮˲ٺڰ߰ǣѪɽȾڰ硣
ߣ
ʱӰɢĺڰ֮ͻȻ֣һġ
ͻ֮ƣףһƺߣӰһġ
ԭ㻹û
ףֵĺڰ֮һڰϢӿֲѹ

̧֣ڰӿɢ
ϣߣ
ǰ˺ڰ֮ǰĽ⣬ն
Ǿ飬Ѫ졣
䳾ĺڰһ߿ĺڰ֮죬Ҫ˵ʲôȴֻΪһ֡
ߣ
ڰ֮עս죬вû̫ನ
񣬴֪ʲôĺڰ
䣬ڰ֮Ӱɢعء
Žʧĺڰ֮üͷ塣
磬ᾣͨ˽ǰ·ϣ˼ǿ߻ع飬вڡ
ǰĸϣǧ䡢ǳ˾Ŀע˼䷽ɫڴ
ؼˣ
ǧ俪ڣ
ǰؼˡ
ǳп֮ɫӦ
˼䣬ޱ֮ϣʣ̾ڶˡ
ǿվͷһ֣ϣ˼ǿϢӿա
ޱϿգǧͣ£˼ű仯ǿգɫ쳣
ӭ
ϣע˼𣬿ڵ
㣡
һϣ
ˡ
ַǰѾͷСԴ΢Ц
ʦأʱܵϢ
ҹ
ٵȵȣʦܿͻġ
עԶ
Ҫȥʦһ

ɫһƬ̺¶΢Цãһȥ
˼ع飬һһк󣬱ȥˡ
Զ°׷ŮӾע˼¶˼֮ɫ
ʮ꣬˼һϣȫ޸׼ӦԽĴ١
ޱһϣ߱һһǣѰӰ
˼ľհҵȻĩվҪǿĻȥ
㣬˵ʦأʵ
ʦֻأҲ֪ǣţһ죬ǻҵġӦ
ԣƶǶص˵ͷûٶʣѰҡ
ޱǺֹǧ٣Ȼڴлȥ٣ǣʣµʤ
ʮ꣬ʮ꣬˼ڶϣֻϣܿϤӰ
ȻʮȥվδѰ֪ټ
ޱǣ򣬻ǣһλµһ飬ҡͷԣ
ò㣬ֻǣĿȥЩظ
˵һ飬Ҳƾ٣Ҳ٣ʲô
ʱԶһλ䳰ȷ
лƽݡ
̧ͷЦ
ʲôƽݣ㿴Ǽľݣƽأ
һ֮ɫ
ҲЦЦ顣
䳯ս
ǣ͢ڶ͢ǿץߣӪѵ
ûжǲӦӪÿѵͷ˯
ͷĹ飬һգûʱȥʱ䶼ûС
ֻʮҳÿһҳ϶֣˶ʮ꣬ȴδȫ
磬䳯ĴӪǰһλǳŮӾĿ⿴ǰɫ
ƵһĻֻأ˽֯ˣվ
Ψһͬǣ䳯ĳʮꡣ
ֻأԲ
£ٹһ¾붬ˣǲʱ˱
䳯һλĽǰӦ
˱
Ůӵͷ
䳯£ȫ泷߾ֹ
䳯˱Ҳһ˿Ϣ֮
Ӫ˵䳯˱еĽʿȫȸԾ
ӪǰҲһ¶Цݡ


1583 һ
±ӪУĽʿӭźҹЪ
Ϊڶͨ±һԱ±һͬÿնƣ
ֻͨˣʼʱÿѵ۵ָ̧
µѵ彥ǿ׳˲٣Ҳɹ˲١
ҹ紵Ӫڣó飬רĿ
ֻʮҳĹ飬ȴǿ̵飬ϸоŹϵ֣о˼֮ɫ
ÿ쿴Ȿ飬ʲô𣿡һԣһλˣʵ
̫
ҡͷҼⱾߣһֱ涼дʲô
ҿ𣿡ҹʵ
룬ͷá
ҹӹ飬˷̵֣üͷ塣
ö𣿡ʵ

ҹҡͷ黹˻ȥ
˯ɣ컹ҪѵءЦ
ҹףһ£˯¡
΢ĵƻֿһ飬͵ƣϢ
ƽһ죬ͬÿһ죬ûκ
ƽİգƽû̫Ĵˣֻոһյ
ڶյѵ䳡ϣǧʿֳֵУųǹÿ̳һǹһ
ѵӣ﷦ζҲʮֳʵʿѪᡣ
սʱһΨеܱĹҡ
ͬʱ䳯У鳤䳯ıԴ׼ȫ¡
䳯䳯ʿսĵҪǿ١
˳սһֱѽѷ֣ʤ
һ䳯鳤Ȩ˸ı䡣
鳤ı裬Ȼ䳯Ԫ˧̾ѣս䳯ȫȡʤıսľơ
ѩĿӪж˻ѩʿʼɨѩ
ʵ峿ʿǸɵȻ죬ǲ֪ƼĶȴƽ
ɨѩ󣬽ʿֿʼѵҹһͬľӪʶ磬ϵҲá
岻ãҹȴǺǿ׳ʼʱÿѵ궼۵ҹӪʡ
ʱһ˱Ϊ޻̸ѡ
˾ȵǣϤ󣬾ȻͬһͬһһľҲơ
ˣʱ벻ҹ˻շڵ£˭ûδȴֶδڴ
˵Ǵ䳯ս½磬Ǹöô⡣Ϣʱ̣ϯضҹһ߿Ÿһ˵
ϣǲҪ̰ɡ
̾ͻˣЩ̫꣬ˡ
ڻǵʱ򣬾ͼ˼ҵĶȥ˾ӪȴҲûл
ս׳ʿʮ飬սվҪ˵ġ
̣Ǿ޷սҲͰ׳ôˡҹŸ˵
ЦЦҪˣܱסͲˣڳôֻ࣬Ϊ˽һ̣ܱס
û־ҹȡЦ
ⱲӣԸľڿǲˡ΢Ц
ӪĿյϣһûһţ緹ʱȥĲʼҲع˶顣
Ľʿѵĺֻܿ࣬䳯ԣսһⲢľ䳯
ʿսҲηսҲǰյ԰ҵܡ
˼£ССļֵһᣬڲ֮ϣ˼սȴǲϵķš
˼ص˼Ϊ˼µƸطս
磬ƣƷǷ
Ĵ磬ȻǣķȴԽޱ޼ʣ˿˼ۻࡣ
ԭ֪ؿ򣬱Ϊһա
ϣǧ俴ŹԽʢ򣬿ڵ
ԿڰΨй
Ůǰĩյ˼䣬Ѿۻ಻ܵѹƣڰǿ󣬴˳˼ǿǲŻ˲һ罥ĹǱ˶Կڰʱ
֪ǻۣǳ˿ɼǧ¶п
Ůһ̾Ŀ⿴ԶоΡ
ϻ֪ҲֻԼΪ˼һ˿ϣĿ⣬ԶҪԶĶࡣ
ֻǣҪ뿹ڰŤתش٣ǵɲ
ϣһսѰء
΢ǣëѩ£λŮԶ


1584 
Ŀװع
ӪУ±ѵԽ࣬ҲŴٽԽء
̽Ӵ䳯Ϣ䳯ڼ׼ȴڵ¡
ЩϢ±Ӫ±˵ɲʲôϢ±Ȼµѵѽ࣬ǣսࡣ
սϾͬѵսʼζټѵҲ޷⡣
ҹҲܽţ˴δսڼսг˿־塣
սҹԺһЩ־ͬʱսһ˿ڴ
˻־ڴУĴˡ
ȥӭյʱڣյĳ䳯ڿʼ˶
׼һ䳯еԴԴǰߣ֮䳯鳤ʮƺƵ£˵ƣ¡
͢յ䳯ӱµϢŭѣǲ󽫾ϡ
ϳǣؾȫֿ䳯ĹʧΪء
ۼϳǼʧأϳǲԶľӪ±ȫս
սڵ
ʮһ鳤˧䳯һϳǵĲбܽѵµ±زԵȵսһʼԤʾһսʧܡ
ϳУһǧ±սһμʶսĲпᡣ
˵ٽ
գسǵ±սǧ࣬ѪȾǽʬ˳ǽǡ
±пľȫɵˣ˸ǿ־Ż²ֹһ˱
ƽ˶ȱ˶ûκγ֮սĲпᣬеĿ־岻κ١
յĲпսŵվҪվȣҹǿзţû̱ڵء
һƽ±һսŵû겻ᡣ
سǵĽ±˲
ҲǴһ±գ׳ɳ̵ʹֻ࣬ǣ䳯Щ˳ɳʱ䣬±ܿ˷սĿ־壬գϳǱᱻơ
ҹѲǵʿֳֻɫڡ
ҹ˿־壬ǾһҴսʿǲҷɰ֣ʱ̱
ҹֵҹһѲߣ˴ӪüùǰȥѲӡ
ʱ֣һƣʱ̣д󲿷ֽʿѾ˯ȥһ±ӵƣ
ʱǰһӰԾϳ¥䵶նɱ˳¥һλλʿ
ʮһӰÿһ˽ֻܲϢʱ䣬㽫¥ϵĽʿȫնɱ
ôô
УѲߵҹŲԶĳ¥ڵ
˵û鷢
˳ҹĿ⿴ȥ˵
̫ԡ
ҹų¥̫ˡ
ͻȻҹУһӰӹÿһнԳһ䵶Ѹնɱߡ
ԣϮӪҪţ
ҹڶӰ
ҹ쳹ڰһλλʿ¥ǰ
ҹ£ǧٽʿֳֵǰҪֹʮһλ˴򿪳š
ȻһжΪʱ̫
ʮһλոǿĺնɱ˿سŵĽʿŴ򿪡
һ̣һöʣըһõ̻
ϳǱԶĵطǧѵȴãʱ׼
ʵһ̣鳤һֳ
ʱǧˮһϳǱȥ
ϳУʮһλոǿĺȫסţΪǧĵȡΪİʱ䡣
̤ص±Ͻ¶־֮ɫ
ڵҹ¹ⶼǧԶڶ˳ǳء
ɱ¾ɴ˿ʼ
䵶һѪʢ
ĻԻͣʱŵ˲ãÿһλʿԾֻΪܻȥ
ǧǰ׵ֳ䵶ɱһȾѪĵ·䵶һ
ɵվﶯã䵶ķâն
Сģ
һԣҹ״˹ɵ˵ڵء
䵶ҹնһѪսϣüһһץӴϻ£ӵնˡ
Сģ
˵ڵصӭĵ⣬Ҳ˺£ҹһȦ⡣
ƽ±Ϊ˻ţŬۣȥǱˡ
һգӵػϣһֻ͵չս˻ǰ̧𣬳̤ȥ
ҹӦս̤жʱ졣
£һɱ¾һͬˣͬ˲


1585 Ըƽ
ϳǣ䳯ǧƳǣ߳Ѫɺӣʬǳɽ
±䳯ǧԵ˵ۣδü֯Чķ㱻Ѹٻ
ϳ⣬䳯ʮݿĹƣһҹ֮Ѫϴϳǡ
ѵµ±һҹ˾ų࣬ʱϳʱֻʣ²ǧ
ǧбУ鳤бסҹŶǱˣֱŵͣʱϢ
Ͻ˲ˣ鳤ֲãѾû뿪ϳǡ
Ұϣҹţڴ
л
ͬʱڣɫһȻʧЦ
հ
ҹڵ
ǰ
µһʵǸŮС
˵λ䳯޶ˡ
ҹ˵
ʧЦҪסˣ㾹ȻעЩ
˽ҵĲŮ𣡡
ҹȻ
顣
óĹ飬˵
ҹعͷǰеĹ飬ȵ㾹ȻⱾ顣
ЦЦҲΪϲˡ
ֲñ˶˵˶ӣҿǶɵˡȸû˵
ǧбʱϢʱԶλŮӾԭϣǰɫӡ
սѾʱ˼䵽ϡЩ⣬
˵ĵط
һ̾߰ɡ
ͷǰȥ
뿪ԭϣǧбϢһӺٶ·
ϳʧأ˵һ޴ʧζĹŴӴ˱򿪣սȫ
ϳǱƵĵڶգ鳤£
䳯ڣ񾡳սһҪֳʤ
󽫾ʮϣȫ䳯Ĺơ
Ȼб䳯鳤£󽫾ʮһµʱʮǣؾɾ
ϳܵǧ¾ڽսУѸٳɳһһսѲǧ
սĲпᣬɡ
Ҫˡ
һƵĳǳǰűսΪĴأȻ˻ʳ棬ҲһĨп
һԣĿ⿴Զ䳯Ӫǰ鳤
λ鳤ü£ԽŮһˡ
ͥλž޵ľʦ¡
㣬λ鳤ǲλʦתأ
ƹĿ⣬ʵ
񡣡
ͷ֪ǲɺϣͷµһʱ±ù֡
Ϊλʦأ
һĨɫѾ˶ʮ꣬ȴҲʦټ
Ǻʲô
ɫ£Ŀ⿴ǧٿ׵ĴأһֱǹעĶЩ֮ӻ֣ȴЩͨˣ㻹ǲǵʦʲô
ƽ
з
սϣ䳯ٶȽ棬ʮ䳯һٰܣ
ܣϢʳǣȺ֣̿𾪡
ͣ
ĲҰܺ䳯ͣȡϢ֮
Ȼ͵鴫鳤ֱӱܾˡ
ǷϷµƢ
ΪԹߣעһսп
ĺͱͥսɱһ·򵽴ĻʳǣκЭ͵顣
ϧʱ䳯з£ȴû֪
㡣
ʱԶ첽˷ܵҿһʦˡ
ԣɫһ
˿첽뿪ǰӪ
ӪУһƽ˺ǧǧʿһ㣬Ѳߡѵûκβͬ
ֻһѰ֪ԶԶžӪеӰˮ֡

ڣЦд
һƽƽһ㣬Ǿʹˡ
ȥʦ
õȷϣ

ץסҡͷò׹ƽӣǲҪ
䳯ˣ
һʯǧˣӪУ˸æǰù׼ӭС
ˣ
ۣ֮ΡǰƮ㣬һħͻȻһĿעǰħӿǿ
ǰݺᣬһ»ӰܣһŽη̤ʱյĹһ⾪ƿ񲻿ԽĽޣ֮ۡ
һ콾
ϣ콵УϵӰԻĿ⿴·ߣɫ⡣
ħתûĴУֻƾһ֮ߵĵز޽С


1586 
ۣ֮Ͻ𾪾ʮء
˼ǿĽԽħʱյƣֱ
ΡǰڤһƮ㣬ħŽΨһ
ǿǿ˼佣񣬿Խʱգվ
ûжԣãһħڣѹɢ֮۶ʼҡ
룡
ܷ䣬ס˫γ
˼ĽߣĪҪʧ
ڤ̧֣羪ӿֲܣ춯أ֮۶Ϊ˺ɫ
ǿħʮصľԴڣڣ񳯣ָħ
渦֣ޱħǵض£Ȼ編Գܣر٣յ
ǰ˫չ־â޾죬ھ춯صħԳһ磬С
ħ磬˵Ľƿ棬նħ
ڤɽַ֮תȻĽ⡣
ͬһʱ䣬淴ˣϮ򽣽еߡ
¡¡𶯣쳹أ޾ϳ硣
Ƭ֣̽žƽ赲ߡ
ɳɳ֮УɫĽ֣档
ɳâԵĽѹס֮

ħ񿪿ڣԪ𣬶ʱħ죬ɽƵߣɫ
ħУڣ֮Ѹٴݻط򣬴
ɺ裡
У˫ٵ졣
âݺᣬХʳ֮硣
н棬Ӳħ֮˿·硣
ħ񡢽֮սɫս֮⣬սⲻ
Ľߣܵħ֮
Уڤɲǣҫ۵ⱬʥĹ⻪ʮأһС
ߡħߣһ񣬾չǿħ֮
ӣţ֮򶼱ȫ
ױȵԽħĽޣ֮޷ħ
Ӷ˫Ի֧֮ס
ɽ֮£
߳ȣ𵴣̬ؽ⡣
뽣ؼ伫ײ죬ս˫졣
֮˼佣ϴ˵׶ܴ˫Ⱦ죬Ѻ֡
ͬϢһ
˫ַ˫Ѫ޸ۡ
˫ɳƽΪǣǰߡ
˫׹£÷ƱɫС
ǰδеĶ֣ڤɫ˿仯̧ŭӿ
䣡
絲˫磬˫ƣһʱԴ
ʱǰУ߻֣ɳۣһ֣ƿն
֣ͬڤ΢̧𣬺Ȼƿնɳ
ҵĳڤ£رѣ߾Ҳ֮
ֵһ˲˲Ϣ֮ħǰ
սɳܡ
ڣħħܵɢ롣
Ŷ
ڤˣ벽֮䣬סΡ
벽ڤһηӿŭˣǿƷˡ
ˣع飬ֻ쾪ϯ޾ޱ޼ʡ
䣡
ħˣս֮Ⱦ죬Ⱦɳ
ɽ֮£
⣬ͣΣ¡¡𶯡
չ£ڣƿն
ʼգǿħ޿赲
ڤĿؼĽ˫̧ػϣһһؽ⡣
ħ޾޽ҵĳ𵴣˲Ϣ
ɺħȻ˼佣ϴ˵ѳԽħƣԾһħơ
죬ͬ
ħ𶯣գΪһ޴У漴䡣
ؽĽ޾ħһ˲գɫ⻪һϹŷӡ֮Ի
սɲǣħǰ
ԨĽͬٶӡ֮ħ֮ǰħħš
˵ĽߣĽŭ
ħ֣ץסԨ棬ѪȾӡ֮
ħܴȻԨħѽ֡
죬ͺͬʱһƣɽ
ħϮɳɳħ
Ȼħǿһɵ
žңɳɢħ֮ƺȻš
һƱɽ죬Ӱɳײһһ
شսּת¡
ǧ⣬ֹסƣԨأסش塣
ȾѪܵ˼佣ϴ˵չְơ
ߣ㣬֣
ڤڣһӿɫʵ
࣡


1587 
ְۣ֮ƣȾ졣
ħһҪս˼佣ϴ˵
ݶٴ졣
߲ӡ֮չ־ܣɫ⻪ӣһС
Ʒ󺣣Ŀرɫ
ɫĻ𺣣춼ȼħ֮ܣʮء
߳ȣ磬һն䣬ޡ
һ䣬޵
ɫ磬ɫ棬ӡ֮ɾ棬һơ
֤֮Ĳɶҡһս˳죬ֻ񷣬˻ҫĿ
Ľͬ׹
ɿգɳأ쳾ض֡
ħ죬ɣк죬ǧħһ꣬붯ݡ
ֽ߳ӡأˣ֮ư޾ħ̾
ǰԽ֮ħֳɫüһ˫ס
ŭ״ħ˫֮ϡ
ױڣӳХۣ֮񾪾塣
䣡
תۺؼ䣬Ľףʧ⡣
أһƬƬձ٣ħܻ֮ȥȻ𾪵ǣŻȥ˲Ϣָ֮ͬͬԴ
ؼ䣬ײ䣬ɳɢΣֲĳȴǲ˰벽ǿгħ֮
ԨϣѪ䣬ӡ֮ȾѪ
˼Ľߣ㣬ýˣ
ǰڤ̧֣ηӿħһǿһأ򣬻һС
֮񣬻֮һ񣬼֣Ҫһս
ˣվ޷ȻţȻر٣޷ı䡣
󣬿յĽУĽѾա
һսħ֮ȻѳԽ˼ޣԺ֮
ѪѪĳʼ˼Ľϴ˵ǿһħͬһ㣬޷ıյĽ֡
߲ޣֻǣħĴڣѳԽһУبŲܣ֮ۡ
֮ǰȫ۵ħѹ£ʱѹ£Ȼħڱ˹â
֮ϣУעһսһ̾תȥع졣
֪˼Ľվǰˡ
Ȼܶݣôһ˲䣬ƺϣ
һжˡ
֮ս£ͬһʱ䣬˼䣬΢ǣ䳯Σ
䳯㣬һٰܣûеֿ֮
ҹ˻ǵء
һһս˲أҹҲְΪʮ򳤺Ͱٷ򳤡
ڣʮפһأ䳯
⣬鳤׷ǰͣפ
һأ鳤ûżѡʱոһճŹ
ϣŰ籣ϣдȰ飬Ͷ򿪹ߣͽǧ򻧺
ףУʮбܽҲĻ̻̣ټϳ洦ɼȰ飬¸ӻ̿֡
Ҫˡ
ӪУս˵ҹ̾
ȲҪ룬úˡ
ΪֱϵĵˣӦ
ҪԼδˡ
ҹĬãѵ
ɫ΢δʲô˼
ûʲôȸҡͷ
ûж룬Ϊ˿ڡ
⣬鳤һֱȴգɫκν
£š
ʱһλĽǰһţ
鳤ӹţ֮һĨĮĻȡ
ڵȵˡ
ҹƱգعصĽʿǿʼʱ⣬һ䳯ҹɫǰ鳤ֳؽһصľš
䣡
ײ𣬳صľ̶ľźһľ˨ѣѳ⾪˵
ʱ󷽣󷽣һƥƥսһ޴Բľֱӳǰľײȥ
䣡
ӿֲľӦ󿪣޴ԲľڹԼǰֱײ˺󷽵ʿ
ڣʿ¶𾪣Ϊλ
󷽣䳯Уٴοʼɱ¾
Ӫڣӳ˯оѣæʹۿ
ֻڣ죬ǻҡ
״æصһԵӪڣżҹ䳯ˡ
ȻڣȻյһƬһˡ
ɫһٶܳӪʣĴѰҡ
ֻǣȴҲѰҹټ
ڣ䳯ɱб½ʿǾҲһ˿ϣ
һҹѪȵһҹѪɺӣʬǳɽ
͢У۽ӵǰеսɫһ̱ϡ



1588 ڽ
˼䣬䳯̤ÿһ置սٹشꡣ
رƺտأĸѳɶ֡
صıǰǣ׼һ
ȻʵǲпᣬǰǵĴѸٱ䳯ľشɾ
ǿºǱƣʽ
䳯Ǩ
ʮ꣬䳯սͳһ΢Ƕ
鳤֣Ҳ֮¡
ֻǣ벻ǣһͳ½鳤㿪ʼ𽥷Ȩ׵ۣڰ״̬
ֹһ䳯ʧ֪ټ
˵鳤˳Ըᳯ֮͢£ɽ֣Ҳ˳ڳսе缲ѳ֣뿪ʹǰȥҩ
֮½鳤ʧˡ
䳯ʷΰΪʳӴĽ򣬲ƵȴԶ
кܶ飬ûࡣ
磬䳯ƿشţرΪµһأǧ˿ƣȴǱ䳯ײˡ
䳯ĳ͢Уһλٻһò⡣
ĵʮ꣬䳯ǣһλֽӡ
£ֳֹ飬òʮᣬһҲѹ䡣
Ǳ֮գʼϰ
һĿֻ꣬Ϊɱһˡ
ҹ
ϰʮأϢ׷仯һ罣ˡ
Ȼȴʼŵһ飬һִš
ͬʱ츮ͬѹ֮ҹòҲ˺ܴı仯
䳡ϣҹһըļͣܣ˾Ÿʿֳֵ顣
ֻǣλ䳯ʿʱ̣ҹͬˣǰһȭһţֱ߷ʿ
ʱʮ꣬һжѱ仯
ҹҲʼϰ䡣
ȻѾѵϰͣǣھ˵ȡ˲׵ĳɾ͡
䳯ʳУһ·츮ȥ
󷽣ԶԶظ棬ǰӣʮһֱĬĬ
ʦҪʲôڣʵ
ɱˡ
ѣ޷ԭ¡
ҹ𣿡
üǣ䳯ĺүлڶ࣬ʦɱ𣿡
ʦӦ֪Ϊ಻ȻһǷˣû䡣ش
ҪҪʦʵ
Ҫ
ҡͷǰżɡ
츮⣬ɫ£Ƴϣʳ֮
츮ǰٲ⣬Ŀ⿴ǰۡɫƽ޲
츮ڣƻϨ𣬳ʱʳǱüž
⣬ʱڶˣӰ¶츮
츮ԺѾϢҹͻȻ۾Ȼ
ʱһĽͻȻƿնâĿ
ɱҹ˳ƴӴϹ£غ󣬽һ̤𷴻
ǿȭһۣܿƣ佣ӹٶȱ
֮䣬ȭеĽ棬˼ߵĲͬɱԡ
㣡
УҹŻ谵ɫǰģģɫһ
벻һŰɣ
ǰһѿסǰ߼佣

ҹ֮滮磬Ѫɽ
䣡
ͬһ̣ҹһȭš
ƺ˳졣
д̿ͣ
д̿ͣ
ԺĶ˸еŮ죬˴
һΪҪ˳̶ȣҹǰˣ
֣㵣𣡡
˵һ䣬ѹƣһ̤ٶǰ
еսѣ򣬺תֻ޷ԭµıѡ
Ժƿţֵɱ롣
ץۣ
ҹڣɫĮ
ǣ
ڽʿץˡ
ΧУɫ׳£Ŀ⿴źڽʿҹԥֽȥ
һʱ䣬Ѫ죬Ⱦ졣
˼֮֮ʱۣ֮սħսֽ
һȾ죬Ѫ֮ۡ
ǰħһηӿ죬֮ܣɡ
봴ħǿƥֻأݺʮأǿ˾
޿ƥеǿħ֮ΣڵϦ
磬תȥԸٹۿѶս
գع֮ʣͻȻһ͡
Уһ٣¶ɫ
ǣ
·սУޱ߽ɫΡ࣬޵Ľ⣬ȴ޾Ļ֮
ǰڽƾն֣ͨ͸ɼ
̧֣Ͻһ̣Ѫ£Ⱦ
ɲǣѪɫ֮ۡ
֮һա


1589 
ۣ֮֮սƴ׶ػ𣬽Ʊ䡣
ǿħǿĽϴ˵Խ޾µ֮սս춯أȻ
սħƹ֮ʣǰӦ
ɫΡİ֮ͨ͸仯Ī⡣
սѪȾ棬Ѫɫۣ֮ƾ

ǰڤǰеĽɫʵ

߿ڣش
֮˼ĽߣԤеԼʧ𣿡
ǿĽߣڤеӣ׶óʵ
ʱڤɢװ棬Ϯ졣
أǿĻ봴֮񣬾չֲ֮ܡ
ȫۣػ٣ڤΧ¡¡𶯣ɡ
ʣǳ٣ѳֲ
սУѹ£˵ĻϢɢȥһС
ܰľģ
ڤ̧֣ŭϯӿ
Ϯеⲻϻۣһն
֮޶Σ಻衣
սУ⡢ݺֲܣƽɫ
䣡
˵ĳħ̧֣°֮
棬սħƣѪ䣬潻棬ٶܴ
⣬ܵϼˡ
ѪȾ£ȴҲûк˰벽Ѫδͣδͣ
һħ֮ǰ
ն£Խˣ֮ٶȳԽޣµľ硣
ڤ̧֣޶Ľ档
ߣ⼱գӡ֮նħš
֮ӡ֮ǿ붯ǿһħľ
ȻһڤƮ㣬ʮӶս֡
ڵħҪ£ԽħһħȻȫԽľ硣
׼Ҫʽʼˣ
߻ȫ߶ܣħУɫ⻪һ˲Ϣڶˡ
Ŀ֮䣬ħǰһƣȻĳ
䣡
֮ɽӡ֮ӭϣ
ͬʱ֮ն䣬޶εնħ
ħֱ֣ӵ°֮ͬʱƹٴɣħ춯ء
񣬼ҽ棬ȫȻսȻԽ˼κһս
ԽԽǿս
֮򷨣ӡ֮ޣԵĹ˼佣ϴ˵˺ħ濹
ţħǰ˼佣ߣһ˿ݡ
ʱ޾£ֳһȤĶ֡
Ԩڤָ½棬ϣħѸٱɣɢΡ
ӡ֮
ڤԨһ̣һͬīԨ޶֮ɼ
֮
ڤ̤Ӱӳܿڶ档
ʱڤ󣬿ɳ򽣣ʼա
֮
ڤӰܿ򽣣Ŀ⿴ʣһӭϡ
䣡
ɫ⣬
֮
ڤ汼ڡ
ͬʱԶһ콣ϻ淭ӿ򷨡
֮
桢ײһƵɲǣĿͬͬϢ
С
ڤ̤ǰǰһȾѪߣƽ֮
ϧ
ڤ̧ƣȻӡš
ɳԨ¾ųħȻֻʣһɵħ޿ɵֵشߡ
ɽѪȾĿ쳣
⣬ֹסΣսѪģʶģ
Ȼһս⣬ȴǸӾˡ
תۣħ߶ʽʽ֮ƣϤϡ
ϣԽԽأԳų֡
սУڤһҷӿħڣ֮񶼱ǰδеս⡣
ȫս֣֮𽥳ԽƣһĽѹȻصħڸǡ
ڤעǰⲻߣڴһֱҪһĻ
ǰ˼佣ߺǿǿܵΣգɻ
޷۷塣
һ֮ĽΨ
ߣҪѡأ
սУ⡢ħһһγѺ۵Խ޵Ľ⡣
𣿡
ħ̧֣ħˣ˻졣
ݶٴ죡
䣬һ죬ٵɢ
ɢԻʧȥ⻪ҫ۶Ŀ
޾Ľ϶壬ѹ֮з򶼿ʼ١
ϣУΧ˵ı仯ɫ΢
ˣ
ǰڤһĨ͵Ļȣڵȵˣ


1590 
˼䣬츮ʮλ첽Ժ׽ô̿͡
Ժһ᷿Уײ𣬼ҵսƷκʹ齣Ŀǽ塣
˼ͬʱʼϰ䣬ѧҲ޼һὣһ˿
뷿䣬Χ
ذΧУһὣĿ⿴ڶҹһ̤ɱǰȥ
ҹ佣Ŀ֮䣬λһֻʺѪӿ¡
⣬λŮעŷսйУɫȴƽˮ
λĳ֣ûһ˷֣ͷ·𿴲һ㡣
ʦܻΣա
ŷڵļսڵ
ۼɡ
ƽ
ڣӣһ䵶𿪣Ų
һȺ
ڶУҹɫһߣ̤ǰ
Ȼһȭȭײұһ飬»Զ

˵һ̣⻮һٴĿѪ
䣡
ǰҹٶӳȭ
ὣڹơ
˵𶯣쳹ҹ˰벽졣
ৣৣ
ͬһʱ䣬Χһ⻮顣
Ӳܿ⣬һ̤𣬱ܿ⡣
Уһӹնλֱۣͬʱһ߷˵λ
Ȼλͬʱ֣ҹӰһȭӰš
ƺѪȾ£ӷɳײ˷š
ԺУڵأ
ʱԺ⣬ΧסԺ
޴ˣ
ҹ߳ǰյĺѣɫĮ
֮ǰһ
ӳӽնٴնǰҹ
еֿѣ򣬲ݣ˵飬˿̾ԡ
ҹ£пɱ⽣ӰݺᣬУһһɱѪ·ȴһνһαȥǰ·
ͷ˵㹻ǿ󣬱ʮΧ಻·硣
ֻǣվѪ֮޷óų֡
أӽٶȿʼƺѵ˼ޡ
õ
ҹսܴ
һԣһλȡ˹ȥ
ҹӹһս֡
ʶ٣˽
˵䣬ҹǰն£Ҫǰ˵
ৣ
նһ˲ƣͻȻ۵Ĺ⻪һӭȥ
Ⱦ죬ܴȴɱתһϱۡ

ֱۣȾԺʯҹݾҵŤ
ǰ˵һģһѪŻ
ӾǱ˽ƻ㻹Ǳˣ
ҹŭ
˶ġ
ԽأǿгӣɫĮΪɱ㣬ҸԸȾī
䣬һ̤ٴγ˳ȥ
ɱ
ҹ˺ŭ
糱ɱ𣬽纮⣬Ȼһһɡ
߲֮䣬޿ɼž޵һɽϰʮأֻΪһ̡
ǰҹʶӵȥӦʱȴյֱѶϡ

룬뵤ȥ׵ǣһҫ۵Ѫ
ƣǱ٣ҹ£ӾҲ
˵̫ˣҪԶڿ־УΪǧǧ޹ʿˡ
䣬γȾѪӿΧıÿΪһԼҵķˣԼҶȫǡ
Χһλλһۣʶ˺
ŽǰϣѪһε£Ⱦ츮Ĵء
У߳ڶû˸ǰ
ֻǣ뿪츮ûжã赹˽ֵϡ
Զǰ˵ϻԵ
ʦƺء
ǱһȴȥϢ
ƽ˵һ䣬Żʳȥ
ȾѪĽҲȥ
ʳߣڣ𣬻ž졣
ʶУƺһٻӰǰϤȴʮİ
Ͳһ㣬ʦͳˣʦסЩµ
ġ
һΪǰ˲ϵѪһ˵ͽԶܵģҹѷϣЩΪƴ
ԣǰȾѪĽڵһʦʵ̫ˣѧʮ꽣ȴδܲ졣
㹻ˡ
һ۵ϵĳһȴǰ˴ԸǰǿĽɸı䲻˼Ľ֣ȻˣԸյֻһͨķ


1591 
˼䣬䳯ʳǣߵ⣬Ʊ£¡
ڣӻнӿǰ¶ã֮ɫ
ô
仺ӿʲô
ҹ˻ʳǴϣУƺȡ
һŮӣһİʶŮӡ
Ŀ⿴Ĵ꣬ʧ
ҹѷϣֻһ˵ܶķˣõӦеĳͷ
Ըˣһǣˡ
⣬գڰ˼䡣
ҹ¶һĨ΢Ц
˼䣬
Уƾ裬ϣϵЦɲ
ϣһҫ۵Ĺ쳣
ˡ
Զǰ
ʣħƣױڣͬ죬춯ء
ҹ£һϢ̽١
ûн
ʷĽƣԾ
֮޾̽£ֲһĻبѼ
첻裬һԲ˲Ϣ̤ıݡ
Ҫ̤ʱһϢȴȻֹͣͲǰ
Ǿˡ
¶п֮ɫһοԽһ󾳽磬δš
š
̾ʦһڲʵơ
ҹУٵƺиУĿ⿴Զˡ
£ľӲΪȻһ̣ƺܵ˵Ϣ
лл
ڣ
֪ˣˣ
¶΢Цȴûлش
л
һԣڣӦ
ҹ£شһʧЦ
ȻӰǣ֪
𣿡ʵ
ʹͷѽ
ٶ¶ЦݣǱĲˡ
ʵģûٶԣҹУ䳯ʳȥ
䳯ϤɽӼ䣬ľԽƽ͡
쵴ɽһȥĴǰһλǳȹŮӾʳѣط
עٴ
ǰŮӣһ۱ϳŮӵݡ
䳯λʧȥϢѾõĳ飡
ͬʱҲǰͬһ۱ϳģ
ϳǴˣһǺΪ䳯سҹһ˱ǰӡ
ʲô֣鿪ڣʵ
ƽ
Ҫ𣿡ʵ
ҡͷˡ
㲻ң
𣬵ҴӦúҲǡ
˥ɱ⣬Һ޵Ĵ䳯Ҳ㡣
ɫĮ£Ϊλ
Ӧʵ
䳯ʹӦ
䳯½ΪλҪעǰһɽ
Ĭ֪˵ʲô
㽣Ѫ
ջĿ⣬ǰеĽɱ
ûС
ҡͷֻǷ
֣Ӧõġ
Į̰񡣡
û䳯ô˵
ԣճŵΪ
ƽЩΪʬĽʿ𾴡
ؿǰŮӣҪ͸롣
Ҫ뿪ˣڡ
˵һ䣬ȥ
ڡӦ
˼䣬ע˷ֱ֮ʱۣ֮֮սվ֡
ͻƣȥһֲĽѹֱ֮羪ˡ
޾ӣۣ֮磬򷨲ڽѹ¾ɢ
Ľ𣿡
ڤΧĽ⣬Ӱܿһһؽ⡣
磬һεĽ⽻꣬磬ƾΡ
ãڤ̧֣ؽƣɫ
ʼգ޼޵Ľ޿ɱܣ޿ɵڤۣһѪɽ
ħܴɫһ˫죬ŭϯ
ߣʹһսɣ
ħȫʮֻۣ֮봴ڣһ٣漴Ѹ޿Ĵֲ𺳡
ǰϣһߣ罣ƣԽޣ޽ӽ
˵;գɢ۷塣
ҫ۶ĿĽ⣬Ҫһ̣˲ħǰ
ֱָ߲ۣƿħĻֱ֣֮
һѪȾ죬ڤţѪʳ˴ۡ
ǿĽڴһħش֮
ܴڤŭϲ˫ϣΡŭԽ̶ֲ쳹ʮأʶ塣


1592 ֮
Ϸ£꣬񣬻ȪİУ֮磬ξ񷡣
ҹսѳٻغϣҵĴս¶
֮۵һˣڤ֮ǿѲκܹݡ
Ȼ˼Ľϴ˵ħսʤ
һ֤һУ֮·¶顣
Ȼһƾָŭϯ죬Ԫ񷡣
ħϣȼ죬޾׶˳̶ȡ
ֻǣˣսȴԽˣյضҡ
֮۵һˣһͬսޣڣҫۡ
ǿǿ޿̫ս׶ȳ˼Ĵս֮սҪ顣
ʹ죡
ڤţ֮һ˵ĽˣеĹ⻪ȻҪض
޼ħޣۣ֮ʮŵų֣ܻµʮŵ
壬ԳһǰڤӰ֮ϡ
ƿһħ
֮ϣ޾ۣħѹҲ֮
֮ϣ԰һĻ¶ɫ
λ˼Ľ֮ܽ۵һ˳̶
ʮʮţڤʮ֮һֻҪĴڣڤ޵С
ǿǣվʮ֮һܺڤĴڡ
ȻڤԼĴ̣֮Ƭضɫ
ħأڤ̧֣ʮӣĻڱξ
񣬴
ڤڣϣħǵض£޾󣬻һС
·һͣԶ֡
֮£ȻϽһ̣ԵС
Σ٣У˫Ҳתۺǿֶ
һ¶ˡ
ϣ콻̶Ľ쳹ħ磬ҫ۵Ľֱ֮ţȻײϡ
˫Ӳʱ٣˲˫֣һ⣬һ١
ڤ£֮ܵ˫ĳʼ
ɽ֮£
ɲǻᣬߴħһȣ֮䡣
ʱԻ
ţ
֮ϣڤиУעǰϵ򽣣ɫ
ۣ֣֮֮򽣳гš
ʮʮţȱһǽΡ
һ콾
ϣһĻڡ
λ˼ĽߣҪ
ٵʮǴӻ٣ûκˡħܹԳɴ
֮ϣڤҲעһĻڴ֮ɫ
£į̫ˣ˼ĽߣĪҪʧ
ۣ֮ʮ֮ԣʮų֣򽣳жɣ䲻ȶǣ߳Ρ
ɲǣ춯ص֣ᴩʮأ˼䶼ܵӰ졣
˼䣬ɽ֮䣬ͻȻһĿ⿴ʣ¶ɫ
Ϥĸо˺£
ԶҲܵ޾ʱվͷĿֲѹɫһ䡣
Ǵ
һλλ˼ʣ𾪵
ɲĸо
ǧѹѩ궯ӳ£֪ٲλǰһˡ
ûҵ𣿡һԣǳ
ҵףؼλǰļ䣡
ǰŮɫصȻ֪֪ϵ׷˺£ǣȷһһֻء

΢ǣɽ䣬Ů𣬵֪û𣿡
ûУ
ҡͷشҺһֱڸţѼ䣬ǻ̴ȥ
죡
ŮصһֲԤУܳˡ
ס
ͷĿעǰӣɫԽء
Ҳ֮ܵϵ쳣ϣü٣ҲҪλǰһ档
ʦ
һԣ˫ֽգһĨ֮ɫ
ʦλǰУͬһ㣬ϣһлü
ۣ֮֮ų֣ԽҫĿϽ⣬Խޣֱƻ
ʮ֮ţɢŻصϢУڤħǿ綼ҪȻʮУһ
ڤ֮ǿκɣͬڼ
Ȼһ̣䣬ܺħĵʮ

֣ѹһеزݵһܵʮǿų⡣
ֻǣ֣
ۣ֮˫ֲϣϼ䣬ڽӦ


1593 Ż
ۣ֮ţ֮Ψһ
߰һ֮ȱһ֮š
δйľֶΣʮ֣չ֮ۡ
ħĴ֮ϣڤնʮգħġ
棬ĵʮϣ߲Уһͨ죬Ϊš
һ֮δ飬񳯣Уչҫ۵ķɡ
ȣ
ޣ߿һ춯صĳȣ˫ֿϼ䣬Ӧ
Ϣƣ豹棬ȻǷɱȡ
˼Ľߣ㣡
ħ֮ϣڤһĻڲ֮
ȴţڼһλĻǿߡ
֮ϣ߻Ҳ֮ȼ
ҫ۵Ĺ⻪ۣ֮ǿĽȻԽһУȻҲѹơ
ʮţۣ֮ǵ
ף
ȴãϢʢ֮ʱħ֮ϣڤ̧֣ʱƾ䣬
֮׳֣˻ǧ
ħһףͬһʱ䣬һֻҲ̧𣬺Ȼһ
׻Уپ죬Х䣬֮۶ֲ飬Ѻ۱鲼
֮ϣһĻҲ޷ƽ˫ƷתסҪٵ֮ۡ
ڴʮϣ˫ָһҫ۵Ľֱ죬ޡ
ǿħǿĽڴ֮ңţħҡأۼ䣬Ȼײ
޿Ĵֲɻص֮Ӧ٣ؿѣ˫֡
սУκϯನƵݿ࣬һС
Ȼʮ֮ţһ⻪Ļ֮ųܲ˽ħĳȻɢ
Ԥ֮һĻ֮űɢһȥƽⱻƣ˼䡢硢֮ȫܵӰ졣
˼䣬Ĵͣͣһ̣ȻС
٣綼õߵ
㣬ӵС
˺£
˼䣬ϣǳ˸ܵصľ䣬ɫȻ
ڰԨڱչɺڰԴ˫ۣһĨ
ʧ⣬춼ڰ
ֲĺڰϢӣеĸ
΢ǣĴǰͣüͷ塣
ԶһۣĿо𺳡
Ȼش٣˼䶼δ֮£ңԶؾͷ˺£
ɽһߣǳȹŮĿעʣ¶ɫ
֮ϣ
ȥ
֮ɽ֮⣬ѰԼĵԵ
㣬㿴ʦ
֮ϣɫͻȻһ𣬾
ԣĿ˹ȥ
ֻ֮ϣͷۿɼٶѸٱף쳣
ɫһô£
䣡
һ̣֮ϣƹ
̤֮ٽ٣Ԫɢȥ룬ɲǰ׷
ȱ
ع񣬲³ǰһĻԴͷɫ¡
ȥΪǼͻƣػ۷֮ǰԪѾɢ
˼ĹУͻȻǰڰϢƣõĺڰٶ
ٵʱ̣һѹѲѷɫĺڰ֮
֮ƣչֿΪһҪ˼Ĺ
˼֮ǰŮԪħ˼ħԪĹӲڰ֮ܡ
䣡
һڰ֪ڼȽ棬У¡¡ȥڰʴ
һ֮Ů죬Ȼ֮価·硣
˼䶯Уһλλ˼ȫأΪȫֵڰ
ǿϣߺڰ߹֪Ϊ˼µ磬˼ǿڰһս
ǰǰ磬΢΢
ʵˣѳɳΪһԲĴ硣
ٵľ磬ĪһĨ
٣µĴ罫ɣѵ
һٵ飬ڰϧһҪȥǰĹ硣
λͬޣһ̣
УŮ𿪿ڣ
һλλ˼Ӧ߶һΪ
ʱ磬ħ𶯣Ů˫죬ħչǿܣͷŵԪһ
䣡
ڰײನޱĹ⻪˲ʧҹ١

磬һλλ˼ŭȼΪ˵
ɲǣΪģɢޱ
֮ǰܵĳһƺߣȾ졣
ͬʱϣһλλ˼н죬ܴ
΢ǣһ˥ܣжҪϾɽϣһϮǳȹɽϵʦʵ
ʦϣǷɣ
ʦ⣬Ƿ죿


1594 ˼ʮ
˼䣬ڰٺб٣΢ǣһɽϣ鵽̳ʦ²
ɽǧһĴǰʱͣǰеĲʼǱ򽣡
Ĵӣ˻İϣһգ羪Ρ
̤ΪһǧԽ顢ʵֱͨ澳
澳֮УطУһ˫Խ
ȻĹУһԪҲ֮ɢȻΪΪû̫仯ǣϵϢȴԽ
ԶעǰһĬĬػ
ٵ£˼һж˱仯Ѫ
տʼ֮ʱǺǲӦ쳣ı仯֮ûۣŪĻ̡̻
Ӧκɼֻʮʱ䣬˼İǶֹľȻֲ֡
˼ʮۣ֮꣬ʱռ䶼ȫͬ磬ħ֮սβ
޼᲻ݣȻ֮ŶԵֵԽţ֮ڴħ֮
ڤţ磬ѪȾ
壬֮شǳһ˿֮ס
֮£
ܴħŭ춯صһƣȻš
һƺߣηɳɣȻײ˽֮š
֮𶯣ɢԳµ
գǬһ
ﵽųּޣ߲ٳɣ֣
ֻۣ֮򽣡
߾ͽ⣬硢ɳԨĽɢꡣ
޾ڣҪѹƻħ֮ϣڤעǰĿĽ⻪֮ɫ
ĵȴֵˣ
ţ
ϣУڤɫı仯¶ɫ
ԡ
񰡣һעнˡ
ħ֮ϣڤڣƽ
䣬ڤ̧֣ħ֮Ϊģħɢ
䣡
ħֲ̧֣Ļħ״һɫʱգ̫Žٽ
ս⣬ȫܵħ׵Ŀֲ΢
ȿٵһεĴը֮ħ״̫Ŷ˲֪£ѹ֮ۿʼ١
ǿһħѹ֮ȻͬΪ֮ȫȻʧɫ
һƣƴٵ㣬֮ϣĽعһҲ۷壬⻮֮ۡ
ǿһսվֽ֡
䣡
¡¡𶯣쳹ʮأ죬Ѹٱ٣ʮҲٶҡ
ɳŭУħ֮٣֮۵һ˵ħ䣡
ͬǧ⣬֮ŵ٣Ҳۿɼٶɢȥ
ϣУһĻ𾪡
ڤˣ
ŵĽ֣رٻҪ޷ţٵ㲻һ񼸺ǲ޵ϵ£Բܡ
УһĻɫͬ𾪲ѡ
ΪҹŮκ˶˽ڤǿ󣬵ǰһĻʵ˲òš
ٵħ֮ϣڤƮ㣬һϢ𣬺ںף봴عء
಻ǧɾ룬˼佣ߴ˵һħλŵľǿȫ䣬Ȼ˵Ŀȴȫƽ쳣
񰡣һ֣Ӯˡ
ڤһʵĿƹעǰ֤Ľߣƽ࣬ᾪޡ
ϣżɢһ񣬿ڵڤʧܣֻΪ̫
ľ֣ӮţһΡ
䣬ڤħѸɢڰƮ죬գʧ
֮ϣ߻ף˼䣬һĨź
ϧȥˡ
˼ĽߣʲôԸδˣ
Уɫ¶һĨ΢Цʵ
ջĿ⣬ǰƽûˡ
䣬곹ɢء
УؼʧһδӰ黯ػصڰ졣
˽֣ٺò
࣬Ȼûʧ
˼䣬ָʮأƾ̤ľ
ͬһʱ䣬ƵɽУ̳ʦ²ֻƾһǧһ߾
ɽϣȻ徳ݵĿ⿴ǿգ¶֮ɫ
ϣ
ʮǰǳ䣬ǷΪ
ڤʮأṲ̊Ϊ˼һˡ
ħ֮ű٣ħأ˼ħ߷һµһơ
ΨһħģΨн˼佣ߴ˵䣬ɾ˽ˣ˼µļԪ洦ɼ½ǰУò
΢򣬺ɫϢתա
仯ͬʱڰͬޱ䣬ȱڰǿΪȱĹ
ֻһ
˼Ĺ̰ڡ


1595 
ۣ֮ħ٣һ𺳹ŽĴսһ˼佣ϴ˵䡣
ûԤϵĽ֣˭ţܵڤս
ڤ󣬽ʧ߳Ŀ⿴ǰޱߵ죬¶ɫ
ڤˣƬ磬½ҡ
Щʱظܵڶħǿ󣬴ǰڤ壬񳼷ڤ䣬Щǿħٰؼ
Ҫǡ
ڣһϮµ³˯꣬ջڤסȴһֱδ
תصʼջԲѵ£Ŀоᡣ
ΣҪ
ͬʱ˼䣬еĴ֮ϣֻأΨн档
ת֮䣬ʮعȥΪһʽ
ɫĳ˴ۣ֮Ԫ쳣ңȻΪȴԪġ
ǧ֮⣬ɽϣǱУΪһǧԼ䣬Ҫѹһ
Ǳ̬
֮ϣ
䣬ٶȴ˾ˣʵ̬
һԣǰ׷ˣɫȴĶൣǡ
Ԫĵ̫ˣһվĽչͣ£롣
䣡
ʱǧ⣬ٴ
ƾˣ
һ
ϣܵƾ˫ۣһ
䣡
ɲǣ֮ϣ֣ͬңӦ
ٶƾգ׳쳣
£ͬʱɽ٣ƾ춯ء
֮ϣսһն˽ơ
Ϊ˵Ľѷܹݡ
ļƬʼݣ£ԼƺЩʲô
ǿ֮ϣһλλնǧټǣм䣬ɫӿȻ
˼ǰŮΪޣħǧϢѹƺڰԴͷ
֪յս˼أȻĹӳ֣ཥЩġ
ڰǿѽȣΪȻ಻Զ
֮ȫ¶ֲɴľ磬ȻϹžܹﵽ
ǿϣսȣŮǣƺڰԴͷԶǳֳ񹭣Ǻ׼Ҫ
Զģֲ̌ѪĿ⿴ǰڰԴͷɫ쳣
ǹҲ֪֪һνڰ֮ˡ
ǿ޿ɺ˶࣬һսѾô
սģĿɨǿе˼üͷ塣
ϣǵôա
һ˲սУϸֶƵħ羪κˣǿ쳣
عһӭϣȻ³Ů
һ˲֮䣬Զһɫƿն˻̶쳣
ţ
ܿ⣬δս־˲䣬ɽˮѩ
ԽΪʣΪīĿ䣬һīɫš
֣ڰϢۣȻɢǧٽ⡣
սգԽͣ˫Ʋϣɫӿȶ
սУŮǳǧ˼״ɫ΢䣬ˡ
޾ĺڰױȣսĵܵǷ׷졣
˼ıԴʰǣ
ǿϣһ۱˵һȥ
óѣ׷
Ů˵һ䣬һѸ׷ȥ
󷽣ǳǧ䡢Ӱӳ̸ȥ
ޱǣ£Խ׿Űߵˣڿ˵ò
ܸоǸֻܶ꣬һֱˡ
ޱڰϢؼıԴ
ۿɼһſǻΪǣ˼ľҲʧ
ԽԽǿֻһ
ޱǣڶɽٵɫͻȻһĿ⿴ʡ
ֻ֮ϣڰϢգԴϢ
ϣʵı仯ɫһ䡣
ڰ
̤Ӱʣ˫ָʢ
ţ²ӵĺڰϢǣѪ
ԭǶ
ʱ֮ϣһӰ֣߳Ŀ⿴ˣɫĮ
ܵʵɱ̧ͷüͷ
һ̤Ӱȷˡ

̧֣һ£ֱӽȥ
ȻһУΡ
ǧ⣬ɽϣעʣɫ
ʱϣһӰ֣ŮǳΪף˼׷
Ӵһ֪Ŀԡ
ǳһ۱еƤЦⲻЦ


1596 
΢ǣڰ٣ֻ֣һƱش
֮ϣ׷ǿϢΧ
ǧ⣬עϵ¶ɫ

ȷǿ
ƬƶϾĸ֡
ϣǧܵǧϢĿȥ
ʦ
·Ĵ֮ϣСǰ׹ӵ¶֮ɫ
û¡
ϣŮ𿪿ڣ㻤סʦڵʵҪ嶯֡
ţ
ͷӦ¡
УѪεȾˮӴгĿ⿴ʵ¶ɫ
ļһ
ʦǸｻŮǰɣǻǲҪˡ
ǰקס׼ٶȳֵ
ԣɫһĿ⿴ǰĹ㺰ʲô
ʦѽش
ʦ
üͷ壬ʶ𣿡
š
룬ʶɣǰʶ
Ŀ⿴ɨϵһλλ˼ǿߣڵʶ𣿡
ʶѽ
ͷⶼ˼ǿߣʦҲǲֻ̫࣬٣˭Ҳ򲻹

һ䣬ԭڵľ
ʦԾŮǵսҲԾϤߵս
ѵһʦս˫зɼǼҳ㷹ǵһʦת֮δߵսȻҲ
ϣ˼ٶȿս˵սҡǳ
԰ټƵ˼𣬼˼ǿսҲ˼ϣ
˼΢ʱԶУ޾룬΢ǡ
ӵ򣬳Ϊ˼Կڰϡ
΢ϣһλλ˼⻪ƣǿֳ
ǻ겻ɢ
Ŀ⿴Χ
㲻ʳѰ
Ů𵭵Ӧһ䣬ħԪӿħܣ춯ء
ս𣬺ڰӰԾƽӣ涯
·ʴսеɫ
ǧ֮ɽϣҲע˼սһϢҲ֮Ѹ
֮ս
Ҳ
עã׹ʢԪֱ졣
ɲǣطƱ䣬졣
£һ׺УһŶȥ
Ϣ֮䣬˴Ͽգ˼ս֡
սУ˼׽еŮӣ¶ɫ
þ޵Ůӣǹսƾˡ
֮ϣƾһ̣ͬ죬ǿϢ˿ѷɫƾ顣
һԣ״̺ˣұپС
ƾٶأ
սУ̧֣һĳڰϢ𵴣޾
ߣŮһ̤Ӱʶ֮ܿ
ȻŮűܿ˫ȴǿŮӣɫ΢䡣
ã
ڰϢӣҪǧ顣
ڰϢУü̧°׹⻪ʢ
¡һҵĳ˰벽Ѫһ𵴡
ڰǿ޿ƥУȻı֣ȴڳ˼
ϣŮӰ£Ŀ⿴ǰ飬ɫ
ȻҲӲӣǰŮȴһƣ˼
֮ʱ·һ𣬻ƺڰ˼䡣
ɫ΢䣬̧һƣ±Ľ⡣
ʦ
֮ϣɫһδǰӰѾʧ
ϣֳַѹˡ
ʱĹһϢȴǱ仯࣬˵ĸоر
˵ѧϰʤκξ콾ϣ龲ԡһϢɻڲϵ
ԭǣ
սУܵϵϤϢɫ£ǰڰ̱֮شҵˣ
˼֮λδ֪Ůӡ
ãʡñȥѰǵټ
̧֣ڰϢӿɲǣϣһɫĴ֣֮ΪģʵԶ
ȻȻˣڰ֮ŵĳ˼ױȵѹΪ
£Ҫˡ
ϣڣƽ
ĵ֣컯Ūˡ
ǰһ°׹⻪ڣҫ۶Ŀ
ܺãһɣ
񿪿ڣ
ϣ˿һĻ¶ɫ
һ죬ˡ


1597 ڰĩ
΢ǣڰ٣ͬʱƾս֡
ǧ걼ڣ֮¡
ϣӽն񣬽ϼ⣬޼᲻ݡ
򵥵ĽУ㾫ȻƽĽУȴ񲻸Ҵ⡣
ͬʱԻΪһ°׹⻪ƣ򷨣Ǭ
֣棬ǵһϣȴĬ޼䣬·ʶǧꡣ
ʱǿ価·磬ȻŴսļ˵սԽĬ
Ԥ֮ı˼սеˣоڡ
˵ԽԽǿˡ
죬ڤ٣
սֽ֣ս⣬ŮһȣΧħӿȣء
𾪵ĿУŮħУһɫǹ֡
תۣŮӰǹ
ٶȣҪˣɫ΢䣬̧Ӳɫǹ
ȻظڰϢħҳҡǳ
ͬʱս⣬һƿնš
ڰϢӿɱ
һֻ֮ؼ侰仯ɽˮīչɽˮն
ϲֻǣɱذɡ
ֵ̧һؽ⣬ӰöڰϢڣȫ淴ˡ
սУǰؽâĿ顣
Ҳ˼棡
˫ָϣס˫ָȻϽ
ನ𵴣죬
󷽣ǰӰһƣӰٶӳ
𣬷âҫĿš
ƣûӲ̤ܿһһ
˼֣಻ǿһʱҲ
սѷ£սУ˼սޣΧڰԴͷ
䳯ǣ츮һȥǵҹڴϣһ˫ȴڴ˿
үˡ
һԣչҹŮ״ɫһ
УѶ첽鿴ҹüͷ塣
徹Զϡ
ϣսɢĺڰϢһ˿˿һƣԴԴϷ˼ÿһ䡣
ҹźڰϢ壬ǵƻϣ𾪡
ûãϣҹӿʣ
ҳȥ
ҹڵ
ǣ
һԣŮǰСطǰһͬȥ
ʣսңȻܵ˼ڱΣನûɢ˼䡣
ޱǸĺڰϢԽԽŨ
ҹվԺУĿ⿴ʣӻ
Ϥǿ
ϣһ𣬷·ܵʲô
ָо
Ȼû
ݵʧսУӰ˫ָϣƺڰ

壬һƺߣ˺벽

عɫһԪһƣǿƷˡ
ڰ󷽣ŮǰһӭϣӲɱС
¡һڰħٶȳ¡¡쳹ŮӰ˳졣
߼䣬һٴߣһȫڡ
˰벽ںڰϢһҵ𵴡
֣ڰ֮Դְ
ʱս⣬ǳԪһ֧ɫԻ
֮ĺɫ⣬ؼɲǣƿգХڷɳ
ǰȻײĺڰϢ쳣
ɫǰؼʱ̣սУ°׹⻪ɢȥǰĺڰ֮
ʱɫɹֱֱš

һ壬Ѫ죬һʹƺߣһˡ

ɢĺɫ⣬һڰϢӿ޸ơ
֮壬ڣѸٻָתۼ䣬ȫϡ
ԣ
ʱɫͻȻһ˿Ȼϵţ¶ɫ
ж
ҪĲ֮Сүûٷѹ򡣡ս⣬ǳǰ񣬷̵
δ䣬ֻţ˿ͻȻٶȳ֣ͷ·ſһ𺳡
ʴ֮綾ޱȣϲʳѪ⣬׳Լ
С
һںڰϢƣҪɢʴ֮
Ȼ˼ᡣ
սУһĨٻӰӹ°׹⻪ƣȻһš
°׹⻪ɻ۵ĺڰϢһͣɢΡ
ʧȥڰѹƣڵʴǾ綾ٶȿʼɢ׳
ͬһʱ䣬츮ԺڣҹĿһһؼĺڰϢ
Ӻ쵽죬ٵ̤ɣ쳾ҹһϢš
ҹϢļʣսУһڰѸٵؼԽԽҡ


1598 
ޱǣ˼ս񣬾˵һսĲ񷶼ʧȥɫʡ
˼Ĭϣشְơ
䳯ǣУҹһϢֱӴӺԽ졢̤ɡ쳾
˵һĻϣ񣬾˼ҲиӦ¶ɫ
ǣҹ
սУиУɫ΢䣬ôܣ
ˣ
شһ˿־壬Ϊʲô
ҹ˫ۣĿ⿴ʣһȥ
츮УһλλŮͽʿ״¶ɫ
ˣ
ϣҹĿ⿴սеãӽ
˵ʶʲôĺڰ
ҹڣ̧𣬶ʱɫӿ̵ĺˮɢ
ɫ¶־壬Ҫֹںڰ֮Ԫйȴ޷
һУģգ㽫ջأ
䣬ҹǰֱӹš
ɽѪȾս֣ȴѺڰ֮
ս⣬˼һĻ¶𺳡
ڰ֮
ǰϢǿҹɫ΢ٵ飬ָǰ
ȻĽâȻڽâҪڰ֮ʱ̣Ȼֹ
ҹɫӿ޾½â
ѣĪҪļǰ֮£úɣ
ҹף˵һ䣬𵴣Ȼ˺󷽵
ʮ⣬ͣ£ֹסƣĿ⿴ǰڰ֮ɫԽء
ÿµ
ǰӿĺڰУҹקԴ֮飬Ȼһȭ֮
ϣɢѪǣ꣬һıѪ궼硣
Դ֮ع飬ҹһϢ仯ֱӳƾֻ̤봴
ɲǣ֮ϣƱգڰϢڱǳ
ѣ³Թһ˽ɣ
ȫۣҹתǰϤİӰɫĮ
ǰڰ֮ɫԽ䡣
ϣĺڰһ㣬ƬնΪ˺ڰ磬ضֱ䡣
ս⣬Ůǧ䡢ǳһһͣжüѡ
תۣҹӰӹһ羪Σϯ˷
˼ܵڰ֮ĳȫɳȥ졣
սģͬܵش
ѹս֣ڰ֮ڰٶռݾԵϷ磬˼Σ
ȾѪս겻࣬Ӱӳֹڰ׳
ө֮⣬ܶԿڰ
ҹ̧֣ڰɢһλһλ˼
תµս֣ڰ֮˼ȫܡ
ҹ˼䣬Ǻڰ
˼ϣ쾡ȾǿŮش
սУ鿴˼Ŀĺڰɫ¡
İٴʢκƻ
ȣ
ȣ˿裬Ϣ
޳ƼޣһѪԪ죬ҫ۴Ŀ
ǿҵ־κ˶ҡϿգ°׹⻪ɢ
ľڰУһĨɣϢӳһһֻء
Ϣ
սУǧ䡢ɫͻ䣬д
ݴصһˣ£
ϣһһݣǧ굯ָ֮䡣
ǳɫȹԣ˿裬Ⱦ졣
̣Ŀɨ˼䣬ɨڳˣͣ˲Զϡ
עƬ̣ջĿ⣬·ڵþò
Ȼ㡣
ӰĿעǰŮӣƽ£
һ䣬ڳ˼ɫһԽڵǿǣ˵е֡
£֪޲ߵĶ֣ҲΨһһͬʱȫѹ֪֮ˡ
ϣ˼ȫǰŮӣƺҪλ˵еŮӣʲôͬ
ԭҲתˡ
ҹǰ飬ƽ
ǧѲǵһŮת֮
¡
ϣһ䣬ңԶ֣ƺѺܾûôˡ
һһļع飬Ŀ⿴ʣ⻪
ǧ̫꣬ˡ
ҵ̫
¿ڣʱϣǧǰеϹԻ
ҵն֮ʱǧ˼䣬˫սγ
ɲǼ䣬ϣ֮ɢȥһкڰ
⣬°׹⻪ɢڰ֮ɫ΢߶ڰϢӲ֮
ڰֻ֮Ƭ֣֮̽ƿڰڰ֮
˵һĻڰ֮ϣѪѸٱ֮׹֡
˼䣬ֲ𣡡
ϣ³ֽǰĿ⿴ǰڰ֮ɱ֡


1599 ˼乲
ˣ
ϣһλλ˼ڰ֮Ůӣ¶ɫ
ݵһˣµһߣ£
ֻսУ񷣬°׹⻪ҫ۶Ŀкڰ
ڰ֮ţܵ°׹⻪ľѪɢȥ׹ǿɼ
Զ״ѹе𾪣Ų̤Ӱӳ
ָڰ֮š

壬һѪɢҹĿ⿴ǰˣɫ𺳡
·˵ֻأһһֻ֮еվع顣
δȫգڰֿ̧֮סֱۣҪǰɱ
󷽣ӰԪȻºڰ֮
̫ˡ
ߣһ赲ڰ֮һ˵
սನ𵴣شذȾ죬쳣
ս㲻زˣ°ɡ
»һԵһȣᡣ
°׹⻪ڣʥֹ֮򷨡
ڰܵ𵴣ڰ֮һڰϢǿݣӲ֮
ǿĺڰϼ棬¡¡쳹¡
ڰ֮ϣƲϳ֣ȴѸ޸ֻ֮غԽԲ
ںڰ֮ϲֻأڰףԽӽ
սУ¸ܵڰ֮Ϣı仯ս߶Ԫǿơ
԰ֻعݵһˣȻڰ֮ѽӽ˿Ҳܵѹ
䣡
Ŀ֮䣬ֿ̧סڰ֮ļֱӳԶɽ˦ȥ
⣬ڰ֮ײɽ壬ֱײɽʯ䣬ʯꡣ
ϣ¿Ű⣬һ̤Ӱӳ
ʯУڰ֮ȻδüˣӰѾ
ڰϢ裬һ°׹⻪ƣ̧ٶȿסڰ֮ʺ˦ء
䣡䣡䣡
һһҵ𶯣ڰ֮Ѵأɳ
һһܴڰ֮һһγش޸
ҵ̫
¿ڣϹ񽣷һն䣬ҵն
ڰ̧֣֮Ӳ棬ȻֻƬ֣̽ҵ֮նħ赲նϺڰ׵ֱۡ
ѪȾ죬ڰ֮ƺߣɫԽ𾪡
Ѫڰ֮ϱת֮䣬ָ
¿һĻ
˺ڰ֮ı֮Դ޷ɱλڰˡ
˼ˣĿ⿴һսɫһĨ
Ҫ
ڰ֪֮ԴҪضСģҪоٶ֮˵ϣܻȥڰ֮ıԴ
ֻǣδѡ
䣡
սУһɺڰ֮Ӱӹӽ䵤
ڰ̧֣֮ץס񽣷âƴܴҲҪסڰԴ
ս⣬ŮҲսĹؼڣ¶ɫ
ֲףǣܰջᣬѡ
ҪĬҪǣӵоԵٶȣܰסᡣ
ǣ֪δѣ
֪δѣ˱δѣûз˼٣ⳡսӮ

սУڰַ̧֮ˣµһ˲ҵ̫ڰ׵Ѫ⡣
ڰƣУҵ֮նȥһзȻڰҲ衣
ϼˣڰ˼һαѹơ
ǿǿݵһˣµһߣֻعչֳ˵Ϊ
ս֮⣬ǰսй⻪
Ϥĸо·ڹУֻأȻ޷ȴ
ˣ
˼һڿڽ𶯣쳹񷡣
ǣ
˼䣬һλλ߿еĽɫ쳣
ϣ˼ЩĿ׷׿˼䡣
˺£
ʦ
ϵӰ૵
ʦ
һԣĿͬʱעʵȴŽ
𺳣˼̷ӦĿ뿴ϵİ׷Ӱ
˼乲Ҫ
һ̣˼һ֣޾Ľѹ춯ء
ϣµӰһͷ׷ԡ
սУ»ӽ˺ڰ֮ܵоҵ֮¶ɫ
ڻˡ
ͬʱڰȥǿķĿڱǿɽʼ𶯣ƺܵ˵Ϣ
΢ǣ֮ϣ°׷Ӱ˫ۣӽ
𽣣
һ𽣣𶯣˼䣬ǧƵĽ𣬾˵ޱǶҡ
սУڰ֮״ɫȻ
ϣ򽣳۳ɽƣϹ⻪ɢڰ˼䡣
ɲǣǿķĵƿնٷ΢ǡ
ӭ
˼乲˼ع빧


1600 ֮
˼䣬򽣱ڣӰ˷ʡ
춯صľģ򽣻۳ƣ˼䡣
ϣֻ֪ۣԲһһļ俪ʼ
ʮ֮ع飬֪Ϊֱһѹϯư羪ˡ
ǿոĴɽΪ΢ǣлһ۵Ľۡ
΢ǣ񣬹˼乲
Ŀϣ֪ڣ쳹ǿա
ӭ
սУһϮǳȹķ¿ڣɫƽ
ǧ겻
¶һĨ΢Ц˵
ʮ⣬ڰ֮Ӱһڰתǰˣɫ£ûж԰벽һĳ
Ͽգ
Ŀɨڰָ֮ƺڰ
赭дһȴ֮ʮ֮䣬նգºڰϢ
ԭ
һ֮һٳϮ죬ƣ˼һкڰ
ȺƵ˲ڰ֮ǰ˵ħ
ڰ֮˫ֺϲȻԭ֮
𡢺ڰ֮ನ𵴣쾪ر䡣
Ƭ̵Ľ֣ԭ֮ƺڰƲɵڰ֮硣
Ѫɽ˴ֻۣ֪֮֮Խǿ
ԶӰͬҵ̫նͬˡ
ݴǿ֣˫УĬ޼䡣
λǿ֣Ȼֻ봴ĺڰ֮·磬϶ദȾ졣
ʽ
֮䣬һƣһԪڣֱһںڰ֮š
ʽʽоǿݺڰ֮һǡ
֮У˲شڰס
¡һڰ֮ӰɳҶԶɽ
ϣ²УĿ⿴Զɽµĺڰ֮¶ɫ
ٵɽ£ڰϢڣ˿ûм
ֻȥĺڰ֮ԴȻ
¿ڣ
˭
ѯʵ
ɣѰһᣬʱ׼֡
˵һ䣬һ̤ӳ
ɽ£ڰ֮һŭȣϿգ޴Ӱֲ֣
սУĿעϳֵĻӰ΢΢
ϴν֣ڰ֮ǿˡ
ңǰ֮ڰ֮ȻȫڰԴֵĻᣬֻһ˲
ϣŭ𣬺ڰϢӣӳֺڰ֮
ǰɫ΢һ°׹⻪߶ҵն֮ٶն¡
޼᲻ݣڰ裬Ƭ֣̽Ȼơ
ͬȫ۵ĺڰ֮һƷ˶ڰ°׹⻪赲š
ڰоҵ̫Ӳڰ֮
һ𶯣սܵڰĳͬ˰벽
죬ȾǳȹѪδӰȻٶӳ
޴ĻӰ£Ӱҵ֮ն°ɡ
䣡
ڰ̧֣֮¾ҵն֮ǿϢٶȳŤʱգ͡
ҵս֣Ƴ󣬽һ˲սУɫӣѪƮ㣬ա
һ̣ϣһĨɫ⻪ӹٶ֮죬Ҫˡ
תۣУ°׷ӰӳָԪȻڰ֮š

һƺߣڰ֮Ѫɽ
ˣ
֮ʣɫͻȻһ£Ѹ˳ս֡
սУڰ֮ţһ޴Ļڳ֣ᴩԴ֮ɼ
ڰıԴ֮飬Ѻ۵ڰɢҪȥ
ֻǣս⣬һ̣ɫǳ쳣
ԣ

ֻϣڰ֮һʹŭ𣬺ڰڣٵĺڰ֮УкڰѸɢ˼ÿһ䡣
漴춯صһĻ
ϣһ޴ĺڰ֮ų֣˼䣬羪ˡ
ڰ֮ųֵһ˲ڰ֮ţѸϣ֮䡣
֮ϣһ֮ԻʮңӦѹޱȾˡ
ΨϷܿĴ֮ţÿһҪɽҪ޴󣬹Ӷׯϣ¡
·һλλ˼߸ܵԴ֮ŵѹӲԾ
˼䣬ѱ˳̶ȡ
ʱһ֮ϣʢһʮصӰ߳ʢȻʥˣ˼䡣
ش٣˼٣µļԪװˡ
Ӱ֮󣬲Զһ֮ϣ߲ʹ⻪֣һɷǵ߳Ŀ⿴ϵӰ΢Цĺõӣδˡ
㣡
ϣʳֵߣɫ΢
ī
һԣĿ⿴Ŵ֮ŵˣ΢΢
óĶˡ


1601 ʥ
˼䣬ľһ֮ų֣ͬӭͻĺڰ֮
ڤ䣬ѹڴ֮ϵ´ʧһλλʥѹޱȵĿֲ
ϣ⡢߲ϼ⡢ɫ⻪֮ϣλʥ߳УϽԴŵ΢Цƽȴµʥ
ʥˣǿĴڣɵԽһС
ϣһ߲ϼƵīһϮĽʥˡһɫʢİʥˣλʥĿ⿴³ɵĺڰ֮⡣
λʥ˵ʾãȻڰ֮Ҳд󣬻⡣
ڰףʺ˼ͣһ߰ɡʥ˿ڣ΢Ц
ڰ֮ͷ
˵꣬ڰ֮ûٶԣȥ
߲ˣ
ϣɫһ𣬲ָնҪ뿪ĺڰ֮
ĺõӣ㲻Ҫˣ
ʱϣһ߲ϼƵīˣĿ֪֮ǰɿݵ֪塣
䣡
ֲһĻīִ֪һ̣Ѫɢ졣
Ȼ׹֮ϡ
֪
ϣܵλʥϢѹƵɫһ䣬
û£
ϣһ𣬱޸תۻָ
ˣȻǿ
ʣһҫĿĽʥ˿·Ѹٻָƽ
ñ˵ǿ̶ֳȣ
һԣʥ΢䣬ַʱʢǿĻѹ·
ȻܹܣƬؾޡ
·ɫ΢һȣ⼱ڣʢӲĻ
Ȼ֮½ϣ֮׿ɵ
ֻϿգ򽣹⻪٣ѹ¡
֮ؼʱ̣ǿվͷĵƿն˲ս֡
Ľع飬˵ɷϽ⣬Ȼ»
Ŷ
֮ϣʥ˿һĻһĨɫǴ˵еĽ𣿡
ˡ
ʥ˿ڣƽȻǲı
Զʱڱ˵λֳ֮Ľϵ޵УһֱҪʶֻûлᣬգǼʶˡ
ʥע·׹˵ĽɫĮ
Ӧñλ֮תδȫع顣ʥӦ
ת𣿡
ʥ΢΢𣬵˵Ȥˡ
λ߰ɣҪ˷ʱˡ
Զīڣ΢Ц
ī䵭ⲻ˼ĵ𣬾Ͳɼ䣿ʥ˻ףڵ
ûҪˡ
īһЦһ۲Զĺڰ֮߰ɡ
ڰ֮ͷĿ⿴·ϵ㣬´ȡ
䣬ؼ䣬һ֮ʧڰ֮λʥӰ֮ȥʧʱվͷ
·𽥽Ϣָƽ
ʦ
ʮ⣬¶еû°ɣ
ް
ҡͷֻˡ
ϣӰ£ҵ֮ƽʵΣ
ǿ
ɫȻֻһˣԽ˼ȥ
ǶǾ˼ԪĹǰڤѹƣڤ䣬ƺǡ˵
ǵʲôˣ
ǲˣǵ
»شĴ
þˣܳɾ

أ¿ʵ

ַ컯Ի
˼ؽĹؼ

ô֪Щ

ǰ֮ںʱһЩδƬбЩʥ˵ĳֺ˼ıپ󡣡Ӧ
ͷĬƬ̣ʵڤ𣿡
㻹ǲʵ𣿡
¿ǰˣƽڤˣҲˣʲôƭˣʧĴϢȴƭˡ
ԣ΢Ƭָ̺
һ޸ϣڲõδǻһƬ֮أһͬؽ˼䡣¿Żڲϱٵ˼䣬ڵ
Զ˼ǰˣ·ҵĹһ㣬ٲҡ
ŮǰһȾ֪ӭ
˵꣬ŮһԵķ£΢Ц棬֪޲ߵߣȻɷǷ

ƽŮڤ䣬ħϣܰѵõĻᣬгһգǱػϾ죬ȥЩشٵԴͷʱҪ


1602 ޲
˼䣬һһɹΪ˼ȫ߱ɽ߱أѰҴ˵ġ
֮ˮ֮𣬻֮ľ֮
ֻڴ˵е˼δ˼Ȼشǰ˼ΨС
µӰһͷ׷ԣ쳣
һԣһϮǳȹķĿԶɫƽֵĮ
У˻֮ȴûмֻϣƲ⣬ҵֻϵĹؼϡƽ
ؿ˼䣬ãڵֻ֪ϵ䡣
󷽣ǧ˵̸һۣ˵Ļе׺⡣
̫ˣȻϲ
ǳһˬлֱ˵ʲôա
Ҳ
ǧɫƽسҪǺԱȣ̫ˡ
ǰɣ
ǳԣ̱ŭȵ
ʹ㲻ɣ
ǧ˿ʾԵ
ˣҪˡ
Ůڣ֪ĻЩԾ
Ů⣿
ʵ
㻹ǲǵ֪кۣŮʵ
ͨļԹ壬ȴŲӵеľȻՕD̫Ҳѹơش
ûΪʲôŮٴʵ
üƬ̺ĿŵؿŲԶڵŮ˼ǣʲͬѰ
ˮ塣
Ů֮ʱֳͨļԣΪİȴԷֱ档
֪ǻˮ壬ֻʲôϵ
ǧ˵һ䣬Ȼճڣɫʱ仯
ѵ

Ҳµˡ
Ůл֮ľĿܱؼΨһĲ
ǻ֮أ
ǳʵȻ߻֮壬ǣ֮Ȼһֶ
ӵеĿɲֻз𡣡
Ůɫħľսħ棬ֽ֮壬ɴ߶ףħ桢ףħɣֻںϣȻ֮ҲȻΪӽ
˵ֻҪҵ֮޲Ĺؼ֪ˡ
ǧѵҪ֪Լ˼ƽԸ˼ٵǲ֪Ϊ˼һˡ
Ӧòᡣ
ҡͷιͬˣǿѳǵ󡣡
ħֺء̫Ԩ˼һһУ˼Ǳ߳ž޴ĸޱȥ
һһɽȻ֮У̺Ļ֮ȴһg
Ͽգ˼ϻأȴ
׼գ񳯲ڼϿգߵǰڵ߰ɡ
һ£渡˼ľͷȥ
󷽣¡˸棬صȴĽ
ؾͷǰͣΣǰĿ⿴űٵƽ˺󡣡
һﻰ䣬˫̧춯ء
֣ͬħɣϯڶһ
ɲǼ䣬ϣһɼֲĻ֣֮ɫ黯ɫǧǧ򸡵ɡ
£˼̺ˣұֲĻ沨
֮أǧۿɼٶڣ֮پ
ڻ֮ģһgg֣ȥͨĻȻȴޱȳصѹ
ȣ
һȣ˫ִ߶֮֮֮ʯ
ǿĻ֮У֮ڻΪҡ
̧֣ҵһ˲Ѹٱ⣬Ϊ
һΪУǿԴ֮벹֮ʯУʼѸ
ÿһɣ˼ԽԶһɣգӻرٵٶȡ
ǿ޾תۼ䣬ѻָԭʮ֮һ
ǰնһϢġ
ȻȻأϵѹȴԽԽǿ
̴֮⣬ȫݶɶ
󷽣¿ǰ΢΢
ֻ벽Ǵ˵еľˡ
ֻǣ벽ʱ̤ܹ
һǧʱţһѪľȻеĹ⻪ȴԽԽ
ľ֤һ޴Ĵ֮ų֣Ī⣬δʵ
֮벽֤Խʥ˵ıݣԶ£ֻа벽֮ңʵȴ֮Զ
ǧʱ䣬Ż֮ˮ֮ľԽѸ١
ˡ
ʱǰ̧־йһɽ壬ǿݺ֮ۡ


1603 
˼䡢羡ͷֲ֪죬ɽġ
ԻΪΪԴ֮ˮΪ㣬֮Ϊ֪չֿȴֻۣ֮
֣³֣һɽ޲ǿѿ֮ۡ
֮𶯣˼䣬Ϊֲ죬޾ʼӣʼ
һŵǳԭʼȻ໹ԶǣĶ֣һУֻʱ⡣
ǰ˼Ŀ˲죬¶һĨϲ⡣
˼䣬ֹˡ
һǧǰ˼Ĵٺͺڰѣ˾޸һػ졣
ڣ֮أУٶȿʼת֮ص쳹ڡ
ǰĿ⿴Զ¶ο
߳ˣѳ˼ϣ
Ͻ磬ՕDħؾͷн֮ɫ
ѳԽǣΪľ
˾л
ǰ񿪿ڣ૵
һԣՕD񾲾ע˼ľͷãƽҲΪ˼һλ
ǵλ֮û顣
֮Ȼӵ˾ԵսҴ򣬵ǣ֮ṳ̂봴
֪ǹ⣬ǲܣһֱ֮ɽ֮û߳һ
ؾͷܣ֮޸һѼĴɫ価ƣ
ⲻϣʱؼ䣬ħӿħġ
𺳵ĿУǰһ޴ħӰ֣߰ɣء
࣬òˣ
ħħѹ𺳡
ޣ
ϣǰֵħɫ£
ǧ꣬վǻˣ
̧֣޴ħѹ£ֲϢգѾ۷塣
·̧֣Ȼһƽħ
ǿ˽֣ʱħϮ죬塣
ŲѾľܵħ˺벽
һĨѪ䣬Ⱦ£ۡ
ʦ
֪
󷽣˼״عǰȥ
Ҹ޵ĶԹǲҪ֣
ֹǰһħڣʼȼղѪ
գ˽еĶԹ
䣬ͷħͣħħ
ħ˫˲ɫҲһ˿۰ס
ط޸ǵսطڣĮ
ԣ޻Ӧ
뿪ؾͷȥ
ħԶȥ˼ɫ䵣ڣȴΪ֪Уûиȥ
õģҪôͲ֪ˡ
µ˵һ䣬˫պϣʼϢ
ؾͷ磬޴ħţƬ̺󣬼˽档
ڻħĴսȫӻħԪһ壬䶯죬綼ҡ
һ׵Ĵսûκ˿ȻֲħȴǴӳӰ쵽˼䡣
򣬲ٿݽߵĴֱӻȥֻΡ
ǰħӶ¶˫ֻۣ˷޸
أĲԽԽСպ󣬳ʧ
˼ɫԽǣ֪ٳʲô⡣
ʮպ֪ƣӹһԡѪȻܴᡣ
֮ǰ֪ϲ̷ǰ
û¡
ƣ˵һ䣬ǵˡ
û±á
أ𣿡
ǧ俪ڣ
ûС
ҡͷ׿ؾͷ磬ɫ
޵ҲѾӽˣڤ䣬ħԣѵõĻᡣ
磬һ޴ħӰУѪ쳣
ȻħϣѾɸУһս˴ȴǻ
˰ĵˣ֪վûɱ֣
̫ã˶ûˣͬһֱ
ǰ¿Ź֪ûжʲôƽˡ
š
ͷǰ֣ͬĿϢ
ħɣΧֲͬԵңӦΪţֻһʵ
˼ӽǿߣıݣֻĳɵ
磬ʥҫ֮ǰīʥˡʥ˻ع飬ִţع졣
󣬺ڰ֮ǰţɫ
𣬴˵У֮󣬱磬֮졣
ſУʧ


1604 
˼価ͷܣٵؿʼָ˼ֹ
ǰ֪˵Ȼ޽ӽ˵еĴ硣
˼ӽʥ˵ĴڣֻأȻҪ̤Ҫһ
ǰһϮǳȹķ¾ͬһһֻأΪഴֻ벽
ǧգ֮޸壬һΪԽǿ
ƻָ˼ع򣬿ʼؽ˼䡣
һش٣˼ٳųɣΨһޱ򣬳Ϊָ˼Ĺؼ
˼΢ƹɽľɽ֣һſűٵǡ
ɵǰ㣬Ŀ⿴Զ˼䣬һ˫ƽˮκβ
𣡡
һλ˼ѳؽֻǣȻܣǣԻָ
֪ˣЩˣ°ɡ
ƽ
ǣ
˼𹧾ȥ
ʮպϣһĨӰһͷ׷ԡ
ɳҪʮҩ
С«ֻװ۵Сּ֣ۻ۵
á
¶΢ЦӦ
С«һ֣ɵЦ
һɿݵǰ̧㣬ʱ콵תۺɢϣľ괺֡
С«չ־˵Ϊشɫ
һһŴǣۿɼٶȻָ߱Ϊ˼乱
˵ҪΪһƬ˵Ҫ
򣬷¾ңԶ򣬰صȴ֪ꡣ
˼䣬һһؽָḶ́һֱǧ꣬˼ڳָǰľ
˼𽫵ߵͻһһǣֻ˼»ָ
ǧʱ䣬˼̤˾ȱʱԼ䣬̫ŻԻ͡
˼ؽ뿪Ѱҵظ־ټ
ʱ䣬߱ÿһ䣬ֻΪظ־֮Ѱܰȱһꡣ
ֻǣѰ˰꣬˼ȫѰ飬Ѱظ־䡣
·ƾʧһ㣬˼ǻʮصʬѲγʧҲûг֡
ع򣬳ױչء
һչأ쳣꣬˼֪ټ
£׺ɣ˼䣬򼸺ѻָǰķϣ˼Ҳ뿪ˣѰԼĻԵ
Ψڵȴһգغ
ɵڣ֮Դ桢ħӿ໥ڣһһֻأ׳
󣬴֣̫֮磬ƾŵա
Уһ֣Էĸ
ѹӱչѣ˫ɵȥ
ӿĻ֮ԴѹƣͻƱԵһԪȶ״̬ƿֲ𺳡
ɵ⣬Ⱥܵĳ

ʮ⣬ͣΣĿ⿴ǰŻ֮Դ֪¶𺳡
㣬߰ɣ
ڣ
š
ûҪȥֻǵͷӦ¡
һֻʣȥȥ
ԶҲ߳Ŀ⿴ɵǰɫ
ѽҪһˡ
ˣ
ƽ˵һ䣬ǿȥ
ϣһͬȥ
˼֮ϣоأ˼죬˼⣬Ŵ˵е죬ֻǣ̫㼫ܹﵽ졣
ԭΪ⣬һţָ
ǿգ쳣⻮֮ȥ
ϣľͷʱռ䶼ѽڣͷ߳Ŀ⿴Ͽգûжͣȥ
֪˶ҹ羡ͷһӶΰľ޴ʯų֣ȥǰ·
ˡ
Ӱͣ£ͣ½Ųǰϵʯţڵ
𡣡
΢΢𣬵棬ӦþǴ˵е죬ҲЩʥڵ磬ҪѰҵ࣬
̧֣ӿȣֱӳײȥ
¡һӲţʱ޴ҡء
ӽȻԳܣȾ޴ʯż䣬һ˿϶֣֮磬Ϣӳ˹ϣ𺳡
Ž֣ħԪӿսޣʮƺȻײš
̼䣬ǿƵ¡¡ʱ޾£֮죬ò
Уתۺʧ


1605 սʥ
죬죬ſ֪¡ţ졣
ޱߵ磬ƣɾѷ
Уûƽˣе鶼ǿ쳣ľ徳Ĵڣټ
ΨЩʥˣ֪ɼ
򣬴ÿһ䣬ʥˣǴĻ߸ϣǿޱȡ
ˡ
֪ʱһ߲ϼƵУī˫ڵ
˼յӣȹĿ࿴
һԣ͵İʥ˵
֮ת֮Ϊڴī΢Ц
춫Ƶʥ֮أ֪˵ܵһǿ쳣Ϣ
־磬ǣ˻شٵԴͷ
ǹ򣬵־ƽ⡣
ǰڤѹƣλʥֻ룬Ķڤ䣬ܹƺʥ
ͷڿλʥ˳˼ʱشٵĸԴ
ʥ˵־˼Ĵ飬ĵַ̡
ԣͷ졣
˼䣬Ѿܲһ١
ǴֻһĿģնʥ
նʥôػԭ˼㲻κˡ
綫һλˮ˫ۣĿ⿴Զ¶ɫ
ɱ
лطڣ
лֶࡣ
ĿԶƽ֪ұԸΪ˼İٴʢĪ˵ʥٵ죬Ҷκԥ
ʥ½ϣǰҲڶˡ
ؼѹɫƿеĸоҺܲϲ
Ǳɱƹ˵ˣµ

ƽӦӽǱ콫ձŪϣһһһأ
ϣԶֻϣҲգ
ʱϣˮŨΣκУһλˮ߳Ϣ֮ǿ𺳡
ӳֵһ̣ϣһ֮ԻĴʥˣԵΪˮ֮Դ
ˮʥ˳ֵһ̣ȻһվŶо
֮ˮʣˮ֮ʥ֮£ǿҲǿһЩϡ
㣬˿һЩ
ڣĿ⿴ǰĴʥˣ
СһЩ
ֻǶһ䣬˳ս֣ûж˵ʲô
սӿĿɽ
Ľ쳾ΪģѹХڣޣɡ
󷽣²ûг֣ѡ˹ս
˭ûкʹʥ˼ǿ߽֣սδ֪̫ࡣ
Ȼδ֪ٶ࣬ҲٽԼ˽Ū
ϣˮʥ̧֣쾪ѹ£Ũˮ֮Դռ䶼Ҫա
һܵˮ֮ԴĳѸٱ٣ԴеԵ˵
ֻת۵˲䣬ϱ죬Ĵɽܵѹƣұ
޾ʱ⣬ī߲߳ĿԶɣ⡣
ˮʥǶףؼˮ֮Դǿĵط޾ˮ֮Դˮʥ˱ǲĴڡ
춫ܵˮʥ˵ǿ֮һȣ
󺣵Ļ棬ħ໤ڣؼˮپҪϾˮʥ˵֮Դ
ĿɽϣͬĻȼ𣬶ı֮ɽϣȼѪ档
ˮݣƬ̣˲ˮʥǰսɲǣһ
䣡
ˮʥǰˮĻɽâ
Ŀ֮䣬ˮʥ̧֣еĽϣʱˮ֮ԴֱӷɳײԶɽ塣
ٵɽʯ׷ɣӰӳĿ⿴ǰʥˣɫԽء
þ˵þ˵ĴԴ
־޾࣬޾࣬ת֮Ӱˮʥǰսնʥˡ
Ȼһˮʥ˲ָɽ棬ⲻϣУ¾֡
ǿޱȵһϺֺ飬¾ɽնκˣʥ˵塣
һһĨɽ֮£ˮʥ׶ܴ
ϣ˵ᣡ
ˮʥ˻عɱʢ֮ԴϢء
У¾ɽϱ˪ᣬۿɼٶѸӣҪߡ
ɱ֮ںֻ棬ƿֲ𺳡
ˮ쾪ر䣬ץסˮʥ˵֮Ϊһ޴Ļ˳Զɽײȥ


1606 ʥ֮
죬¾һնƾ졣
һս죬սʥˡ
һһرٵɽŴսļңĴսȻԽ˼սķ롣
ζϴʥ˼ǿߣһսȫ䷴˵Ļᡣ
ٶȿ쵽£֮䣬ɽΪƽء
սУˮʥӰɳתۣ
նһգȻǰʥˡ
ɽ٣ѿˮʥӰ׹䣬ҳһ޴ӡ
ս⣬ºսɫȴ
ԣ
ȻĹңǣˮʥ˵Ϣκμ
ѵʥĲ
սУ죬ڱգ治ӣؼˮȫȼ
ֻһ߱봴Ľӳ֣սѳԽﵽʥ硣
Ȼֻһ֮ȴر𣬿֮սʥˣ
Ľƾ춯أһһնգʥĹֻǣʥ˵һ˲ʱն·Ť˼ʥ֮
Ϊֻ𣿡
ʮн棬ˮʥͻȻͣ£ֵ̧ɽ档
죬Ⱦ콣棬Ȼˮʥ˵ȴһ˲临ԭ
ֵˡ
ˮʥһĳκϯȻǰ֡
һƣӰɳ˫ſֹסơ
תۣǰˮʥӰʧٳǰ
أˮʥչɱǧì֣ǰࡣ
Ͽգ
ὣһޣӽʱա
¡¡𶯣쳹죬ìײһƬã
񣡡
һ֮һָ쳾ҫҫĿһն䡣
Ȼһƴˮʥǰ
߽棬ս޽꣬ڶ
ˮʥǰˮ򣬿ʼŤ
Ŀ֮䣬߽֣ڶɽ
Ȼһˮʥ˲ָ½棬һĳǿƷˡ
ɱϮŲ̤תʥ
ɻâ˫һƬֱӱնӣء
ˮʥ˻ףֵ̧½棬Ŀ⿴ǰս˵࣬ɫɫ
̫Сࡣ
ʣ
ȣͻƼޣ֮ϣУҫĿһھն·ʥˡ
֮һ綼չԽ񾳡
춯صĽԴԴϣնʥˡ
ʣ֮ն£ƻأƿһһ谭
ˮʥ˿ʴĽ⣬ɫ׳¡
һ̣򣬴ľ硣
䣡
ɲǼ䣬֮ϣ֮ƱȻƿʥĹ
һƺߣ͸壬ˮʥǣһĨѪ䡣

ʥܴˮʥһɱʢֱһƣ콣⡣

ƺȾ죬Ӱһɳײʮɽ
ʯ£ڣڿգͬƼٸԭ
鴫
ˮʥ˿ǰеķˣɫ£Ҳǵһɱ񣡡
䣬ˮʥӰʧֱ֮⡣
Уˮ죬ˮʥץҪȥ˷˫
ɣ
ɱ˫ɽתƣâǧ
ˮʥüƾŲ֮Ӳһץס˷
ͬˮʥץסһ̣סǰߵֱۡ
ৣ
һն䣬Ѫ죬Ʈ㣬һֱֻ˺¡
˶ʥ˶ϱۣ˵һĻˮʥۣɽֱն£Ѫա
ܴѸħ졣
¾֣ǧƿ
¡һƬȻˮʥ̤ӳɣϱ˲Ϣָ
٣
ʥ̧֣ƬգϯȻ׹¡
ֺ飡
ӽնһ־Ρ
ҵһսѷʤս⣬侲עǰĴսѰնʥ֮
ʥˣ֮ǰûнӴĴڣնɱö֪
ǣնʥˣ˼޷õİʥˣܴ䡣
ֻ֪ڤԭǲҵնʥ֮
һԣǰս
ԣɫң
սУԣӽնսַ֣ת컯顣
ɹΪӳս֡
¿ŷ飬Ӱ黯û֮С
һ
ס
ͷӦ¡
һ̣컯֮ϣ⻪ʢ鷭ת֮


1607 նʥ
죬ħ죬ħħ𶯾ʮء
ʥ˶ϱۣתۻָϢɾˡ
ս⣬¿е컯飬ӰʧûС
磬̫֮
¾磬۴֮
Уһһ֮ų֣س
ʮ֮ţ춯أӣȹ̫硣
Ȼʱ̫ͻȻʼԻ٣ʮ֮ţԲ̫޷ټչȥ
ٵ̫磬ѣɽ䣬ӵ
޾µجΣ̫粻Ϸѣ޷
Բ̫˵ǵ£Ϊ˽ѡ
¹ȥسУһʥ˫Ӱ֣ʮչգħ
ʥħͬ壬ħ֮ڤ֡
ͬǵڤ·磬üͷ
ڤҲΪδƵµţڤѵԴͷ
ԲĴʧȥ˷չĿռ䣬ԣ̫Ż᲻ϱ
̫Ͽգʮ֮ųƾˣء
ʱԭڤ̧֣ħӿһħԻ
ĩ֮񣬷âˣڤ֮չֻ֮ܡ
һĩ֮ն£Զһֱ֮ӱն٣ɢ
׵һĻڤһնԲĴնȱ
ʱϱٵ̫ȶõչĿռ䣬･
̫磬һĨ֣ԴԴ󺣺½ؾͷͩϣ
ţ׻ȸ䣬صķչ١
ٺࡢ塢ħ壬ܻ̫ʱ
죬սңħʥ֪սʥˣ֮
ʥױȵʵ㣬ÿһܴѸٻָ˾
ȻʥͬǿĴʥˣ·硣
Ϊѧʶ;춯صĽϾۣĽȻϴʥ಻ضá
Уħڣ𣬷˼ٵñ˺ҵѸһٶȻָ۷塣
ϣλʥעһսɫء
Ҳû뵽һ࣬Ȼˮʥ˴˳̶ȡ
ǶСֻˡ
߲Уʥ˿ŶĴս
ܻĳһֻǿϣΪ档ʥƽ
ڣ߲ˣīǰ̣Ϊӣǿϵķ˱Դֻû뵽ʱգѽӵ˳̶ȡ
̫Ĳ񣬵ȷӽĴڣȻˣҲֻǽӽѡ
ʥ˵̤һֻǱȽǿϰˡ
ĪҪ̫С
ʥ˿ڵѵǵλ˼䵽Ľ𣿡
䣬£հš
ʥ˳Ĭɫ¡
֮ǰ˼ĽߣǿǶܵ˿־壬в޾δй
ԽΪȻԽķ롣
ĳ̶ֳ˵λ˼ĽҲǲСæǻڤԼ޷¡
˽̸䣬սУӰȥлء
ˮʥˣӰһһηɳҵıش꣬˵Ļָ̫ǿˣתۼָ
սȣ֮գʮƾ
춯һֱնȥˮʥ˰ӣ֮ӣҪȥʥ
ֻǣֻ˲ϢĹˮʥ˵ָƾ
ʥ˷ˣĹͷ飬Ѫɽ쳣
ȣ
ϣһȣħ桢׼ڣ֮Ѹ޸ƣ콣ǰʥײȥ
ˮʥɫһ˫ֲϣӲ콣
ֲĳˮʥ죬ŴǱᴩȻʥ֮Ȼ޾κιơ
ǿ󣬵ǣɸı䲻ˣ
ˮʥ̧֣Ȼһڷ֮ϣʱӰɳƮ㡣
֮ţǲı壬Ψлȥ֮ţɱȻ彫
ʱ컯Уµѵ
ϣ⣬ԣȾѪ˫һǿֹסơ
ͬ׹ħǧ̫Ͻ
һȣؼ䣬һ𣬻Ϊɫħˣ˽һǰʥˡ


1608 ʥ
죬֪սʥˣҵһսľ춼ҡ
˼ǿߣ˼ɱ죬ֻΪս˼ֹĴԴͷ
ʥˣʵ춯أͶиı֮ϲԣ㡣
Ϊնʥˣ컯飬Ѱնʥ֮
紴֣̫֮磬ڤһնΪ̫·չĿܡ
봴ͬƬŲͬѰĸ飬ΪϧֻȥͬΪһš
ս֣Ʈ㣬Ѫ죬ޱȵһսԽȡ
һħƣҫ۶Ŀ
УϯˮˮʥӰӶһڵս졣
ˮĶӻ̫ʱѿʼˮݣŲĶ
ƳĴ֮ţ
ս⣬µ컯дѵ
ԣȫ̫ϽӦ
صĽݿ
Ͻ⣬ڣħȫܵɾ˵Ľѹ¶𺳡
ǿĽѹ
߲ʥ˸ܵԶǿ⣬ɫص
ɽѹǸˣλ޵Ľߡ
۹Ѳڴʥˡ
ʥɫĮʥ˵ǿ󣬿ɲֻйѡ
־ԽԽԽȤˡ
ʥ¶һĨĮЦݣ
̫ʱڣǱһֱҪıƬ𣡡
īǰΣк£˵
ϧʧˡ
ʥЦԼֻأꡣ
ǻ𣿡
ī΢ЦѾָ˵ʵʼʥ˵򡣡
Ի͵ʱڣԼܵѿͻȴǲ֪Ϊγٳṳ̂һʥƽ
ΪΪˡīЦݵһĨĮ
죬֮ƿննǰʥˡ
ǿޱȵĽʱնݻ٣ˮʥ˼״ɫ¡
ȣ
һȣˮʥʥԪϯŭ̫Ͻ
У򽣻ۣΪһ
򽣻һƱ֮ܣҪնɱǰʥˡ
ƴݿ࣬칥赲ˮʥ˽˰벽ɫ¶𾪡
Ҵ⣬ˮʥʥԪޣ֮¡¡Ի֮䡣
֣ˮʥһϢ۷塣
Ȼһ򽣻۶ɵĽӦ١
ȴսУӣ˷ɷ֮

ԡ̫˴δȥһһ˼ֻأƱĴС
ķУ󣬾޴ķӣǧա
ΪޣѹХڣɻתȻ֡
֮ӹƾˣʥ˶ܵв
ӹˮʥɫһʥԪ߶С
Ŀ꾹ʥ֮
ˮʥһɫȻ仯

ʥ˻ףӰӹҪش֮
ȻȻΪʱ̫
˼٣Խʱƣ˲ϵĴ֮š
𣬽ն֪ȫһȻնϴ֮š
һĻˮ֮ԴĴ֮ű٣綼Ϊ֮𶯡
߲⡢λʥɫһ¶𺳡
һԣī֮Ҳ£ɫ
ָǾϲ
ͬʱ߲չصĺڰ֮˫ۣɫ¶ɫ
Ȼ׷
磬֮նű٣
ˮʥӾҲ¶־֮ɫ
Уֻص
սվ֣Ȫ·
عʱ仯
ޣһħϢӿȣ˫˲ɫ
֮ű٣սּת£УħӰӹɱչ
ˮʥǿѹɢʥһƣ׽
䣡
صһನϯݻ;һС
ʥˣеϴܣоΣ
Ŀ䣬ӽһ
ɽѪ죬ˮʥһҲʲô
ʥ󣬱Ĵ֮Ų׹䣬ͬĴ򳹵׻ȥ
ʱս⣬컯⻪ʢסٵĴ֮š
Ƭ̵ʱӰ֮ǰ
ȣ
һȣԪӿ֮ɻĴ֮š
󷽣һϮǳȹķǰ֪ڵΣ
ǿ
ƽվˣһΣô˳
˳
ɨһǰѪӣƽ㻹Ǿ˰ɡ
š
ͷ𣬿ʼˡ
ԶƽʥˣĻʮ𣿡
Ҳ֪
¿Զϣ


1609 
죬磬ˮʥ䣬硣
ʥ䣬ڤ֮ٶȳ֡
ʮգƾһսٶ
ɹˮ֮ԴԽǿ󣬾Ͷ㣬֡
սȺף˶ڴ
ȻˮʥˣǣϾδ봴޷סЩľǿߡ
ʮռ䣬λǿߵҪó֪֮ʱѡ
ȻΪķ³ˣҵ֮նɱһеУλǿߣȫʵ˾ҵ̫֮¡
µĺ񣬴ûиı䣬ΪĿģ̡
ʮպ綼
ƽϢĿͶһλʥˡ
ʥˣ
ƿؿռ֮ʥˣȻʮУǼΪǿĴڡ
ʱռ䣬һֱصĹǿָӡ
ֻǣһսûг̫ãˣܵҡ
ƿؿռʥˣֲֻб˫˺¡
Һķ¼ʱϵ־Ȼһս㳹졣
һսʧ֮߰ã֪Ϣ
羡ͷˮ˷ӿףӿ춯ء
ƿˮ֮Դ¡˴֮ףڸϢ
Բʥ˵һսʶ˴ʥ˵Ŀ£ƿشĲʥˣǿû̫໹ֵء
Σ
¿Уֻ֣ѯʵ
ǿ
е˫ۣʵӦ
ͬſռ֮ĻȪֻǣʥˣȴԵ˲һ
ٸһλᣬмְա¼ʵ
һɡش
һɣ
һ߰꣬һɣˡ
պͷ߳˴֮ףһǰۣ֮սʥˡ
춯صһսնʧȥɫһΪʩչʹ׶ȴƿؿռĲʥˡ
ֻǣǰˡ
һΣһۣҲռһ󶴣Ҽˡ
˼ٺͷµĳǿס
ڲʥ˵׷ɱ£һֱӵ˴֮ףǿӳ졣
һΣ˾Ű꣬ûи̤װ벽
߲һǧ֤ͲʥսİʥɫԽء
ֻˣʵչٶ̫ˡ
ȵһǰʥʱĺ޻֮һΣѾܹʥˡ
ŰˣҲȬˡ
ʥ˿ڣƽ
һٶΣʥӦòٸ뿪Ļˡʥ
δء
ڣһֱû˵īڣ΢ЦӣҪࡣ
ʱ֮ףһֻ𣬷˲񷡣
֮ϣʥ˫ۣɱ
ڵȵˡ
ʥֱһƴӲ֮¡
صһƣԽռƣֱ˳Ļϡ
ȻʱʱŤؾֹ
ɲǼ䣬Ӱ죬˲֮ϡ
һ̣У˻Σƿա
Ľ켫ѸԽʱͿռƣ¶ʼ
תۣȻ津ʥ˵һ˲ȴʥӰʧƾ֪
˼٣ڿռǰ塣
ʥһƣȻ֪ġ
ƺ𣬷ɽѪȾ񷣬ȴϣħԪӿӰƾ߳
ץˣ
Ӳһƣʥˣħֿ̧סʥ˫磬Ϣȼ
ǰһƵķ˻ףһննʥˡ

ʥӰٺˣȻ˫˰벽
Ѫ˴Ŀսʥ׶ܴ

ܴʥŭ⣬һ˫ʥԪȻ˫
ͬһʱ䣬ӹٶȱ
£
ʥ˲ָɽʥԪ𵴣ǰߡ
һˣɡħ˫ٽɽâҫĿɱ졣
Ľ鴫
ʥ˫Ƶ˫ʥԪ˫Խ׳ء
ս⣬ιսķĿעŵս֣ѰҲ
ţԲȱȻռҲܺ
ʱսּңԶĺ֮ϣڵռ䣬޷־
ս⣬ԣһ
־
ԭˡ
±˫ۣ־͡
ʱս⣬°׹⻪֮֮
սУܵͣ£һ⾡֮֮ͣ

ʥţ⴩Ѫ٣ɽ졣


1610 ʥ
죬֮ϣƲ񷣬ʥش
֮־Խռƣ֮޾࣬޾ࡣ
ɽѪȾ񷣬ʥܴơ
ʥܴʥŭգһ䣬Ƭնѿ
ռռ̱ס
֣һ壬ֲĽѹǿ
ӣӰ˲ʧ֮⣬һ붯ͨ졣
޾֮޿赲ʥһ̤ܿǰ⡣

⣬޿ɱܣʥ˼ϻһٴ۵Ѫ
ܴʥɱԽҡ
ȫۣʥԪ죬ռ䷨Ĵ֮ų֣ʥһʱޡ
ϣһս۷塣
Ӱ
𣬽ն֮ţȴʥ˻ֶϿգ⡣
Ƴʥ˼ޣϣʥĴ֮ţ΢΢
Ҫնʥȥ֮ţʥƿؿռ䷨ʵˮʥ˿ɼ
ȣ
һȣ֪ͽ⣬޾֮ն֮š
֮£ϣ࣬ʤ㣡
ʥ̧֣ռ𶯣һѺ۳֣ǰ·
ǿʥ֮һʵǿ޿ƥУһⱻռɣɢ

ͻȻţռѿѪꡣ
ħ桢ȼգ޸˺ۣסΣһٴߡ
ӣԽռƣֻռ֮ǰһҫ۶ĿĽƾճ֣ɣתۺ󣬺Ȼײϴ֮š
֮ܵһѺ۳֣֮ʣʥӰӹ˲֮Ͽա
ʥ̧֣ռӣʱסҪٵĴ֮š
׵һսøע߲λʥ˿Ų񷣬ɫ졣
֮£ϣ򵥵һ仰˵˲ʥ˵ʵ
ֻܽʥ˱˳̶ȣʵ
Ҳֻˡ
ϣȻˣҲ޷󼰡
ս֣ʥס֮ţĿ⿴ǰ࣬ɫ¶ɫ
һ̣ţǰ˺ƽƽʵ
ֻҪƬ̵ܻ䡣
սٿǣϣ°׹⻪ʢһĨǳɫٻӰ߳սֹ֣˵Ĵս
յΪֹΣ
¿ǰʥˣڵ
󷽣״üͷ壬һҫҫ쳣
֮ϣʥ˿ǰŮӣƽԡ
䣬ʥʥԪĿ⿴Ůˣ޾ǰλߣǱǿࡣ
ԣһɢȥ΢΢𣬵

ʥ˵Ľñܵ˿־壬ϧĶһħ֮񡣡
߲ܵսֹͣİʥ߳Ŀ⿴񷣬üͷ
ˣ
ʥ˺ֻٸʲô
ī⣬ȥ
˵꣬ʥӰȥ
֮ϣ˸ܵ۶ǿѹɫһ
ǰ
ʥ˵˵һ䣬ֶϿգռϡ
ʱϣɫ⻪ƾն֣ʥ߳Ŀ⿴ΧһĨɫ
񷣬𣿡ʥƽ
ͬ
ϣʥ˵𣬵Ϊı
񷣬Ӧֻ֪Ϊˣͬвʥ
ͷģ
ʥ˵ٶ𣬻Ӧ
ʥһûٶԣתȥ
ϣӰ֣ʥ˿һԵŮӣƽΪΣΪֹͣһս
ΪΪĮ
»شԣ
Ϊλ־
಻֪
ʥƽڻ磬̫ԪǣؼԪȵԪ
ԣɫԽΪȴѴ˼䣬ʥˡ
ӲԤ˼֮¡ʥ
˼䣬ֻһΡ
¿˼䷽ƽԣնɱл֮Դ
˵Ρ
ʥɫĮʮʮţ֪Ƭؼʥжɱ˶١
ǵʱ仹кܳ
ƽ£ҪһЩ飬ǽҪıɱʥˡ
ʥ֮£ϡ
ʥȻʵѽӽʥˣվʥˣʵʮǿȴɱˣôɱʥˡ
һ겻У꣬겻бʮֻ꣬߰꣬ǧ꣬һ죬ʥˡ
Զɫᶨ


1611 ī
֮ϣ֪ʥһ̸ʱԺ͡
֮£ϣʥԾǿʵʥ˵Ŀ¡
ȻʥҲ׿ڳϣǿʥˡ
ȴѾ֮仹űƿؿռĲʥ˻ǿĴʥˡ
½ͷ֮ϣ»ع飬ȴյƽ¡
á
¶º͵Цݣ˵ϢһЩʱհɡ
š
ͷȷʵЩƣˡ
߲һֱڰīǰ̣ɫ
ôˣ
ʥ˿ʵ

īش
ʥԣ¶⣬ν٣
ش١īӦ
ش٣
ʥü£Ⱥθɣ
˼ǣش١ī
ʥɫһ𣬵ȡ
š
īͷ
ΪΣΪֻ𣿡
ʥʵ˼ɵ
ʱ࿴
īɫ£˵أûл𣿡
ȥ˲񷣬δ顣ʥ˻ش
Ȼ䣬īʥɫһ䣬Ŀ⿴Զ
Ϣǣ
ˣ
ϣʥӰ׹Ȼ֮ϡ
ϣһ֮Ӧ飬ɢؼ䡣
׵һĻʥ䣬ˮʥ˺󣬵ڶλʥս
ͷҲܵ⾪˵ıɫһ
ʥˣ
ʲôˣ
߲Уʥ˳ʵ
ħ
īĿ⿴Զʣħ
ħ
ʥɫصڤħ
īûжԣ˦ʱɫɴ߲Զ
תۺ⣬ײħֻƬ֣̽ӱ飬ɢΡ
߲īһ֮䣬ߵǰ
ѵ
󷽣ʥ߳Ŀգɫء
꣬Ƿۼ֤ڤ䡣
⣬ϣħӿʶǿ
ʮգ޷ůħġ
ӿħУӰնһһŮͬǿʱ꣬Ȼ޿ɲȡ
𣿡
ϣĿ⿴ʣ૵
ͬʱ֮ϣڰ죬˫ۣĿ⿴磬΢΢
ڤ㻹
죬ʥ䣬𾪡
ʮ̫ʱڤֻȥһǰڤ˼佣ϴ˵һսڶ˻ȥգڤһͬ䣬һ
ַˮսȱԽء
˼䣬ʥΪʥ˵ݾ䣬ȻʥɣȴδţصʱƶƽϢ
֮ϣ˼ΪǿȻ˾
֮ǼķΪʥ̵䣬ָ̫֮ʱ˼ǿ񲻶ðѲǰô̡
ֻǣȻ˼˾ȻûһܹԽһʥһĴ
֮䣬بųǵ̫ʱܹԽ
Ȼڤͬھ˼佣ϴ˵ֻǶ̤ʥ˵ľ磬С
磬߲ʥսãħֲѹġ
׷ӵټħѹħȥһӰ
ˡ
߲ڣī΢
һԣʥڣ׼ӭС
һ̣߲Ͽգħѹ£ħУӰӳٶ֮죬𺳡
һɱУ˲䣬λʥǰ
ħˣݶȻǾ˵ѹȴʥ˶ܵв
īʥ˳ֵɱУ´Ӧ١
н棬ƾ춯أսһضȥ
ʥǰһֻϸ֮̽޿ƥС
ɱʥ̧ӲУһƺߣӰɳɡ
ͬԶīͬǿħߣн棬ƾԡ
¡¡𶯣쳹ʮأ׵һսø𺳡
˭֪֮˾˭·ƾճֵľǿߣʥ˶ƥС
֮󣬴սֹ߲ͣȫȥīʥ˵ټҲʧ
𣿡
羡ͷϣһֱעһսɫ૵
һԣ°׹⻪ۣ߳ƽ𣿡
ϣǡ˵
ħǿ˲뿴Ľ
ƺЩףΪεɽ֮ٳٲԸһˡ


1612 ƻ
죬ʥ䣬𾪡
ˮս⡢īʧټ죬ʥĻ̡̻
֪δħɱʥؾ䡣
ʥ䣬Ĵ£˼䡢磬죬໹ħΪ֮𾪡
˼䣬ǿȻȱǣߵĻԻȴѴﵽ£̫ʱ
ʥ˵䣬شĲȱȴҲɾʹĻᡣ
ʦ㣬Ǻʱܻ
ɵǰʯϣо˼૵
ǧ£ΪԽǿȻΪ˼۷ǿߡ
ΪߵĴˣ߷Դ츳ʱָ񣬴硣
ʦˣ
ʱһĨٻӰڵ
Ů𡣡
ˣ
Ů¶΢ЦǰѾͷԴͺúУǿһ㣬ȥ
ģϲ
š
Ů΢΢ףЦԣҪú
֪ˡ
ʹͷӦ
ͬʱ򱱷ɽˮԻɽˮīУī׽ϰϷâҫ۶Ŀ
ڽԶһɫӰ߷ϣǺһɫƿնƾ춯ء
һ񣬰޾ļȥ;һУ˲֮ǰ
ɽˮī׽иУһն
⣬⣬佻棬ضʱɫ
¡¡𶯣쳹ನ𵴣ϳӳȥ
ɵǰŮܵԶɢನȴѼֲ֣ɢϮྡྷ
˵ΪչԽԽˡ
˼ĴǱֻΪǶۡ
ΪˣȻΪһϰߣһִţֻΪ˳
벻ȥ쿴һǳڣƽ
š
ǧͷһգҪȥһۡ
죬羡ͷ֮ϣι졣
УһĨӰնΧˮԴǿ쳣
ˮʥ˵ıԴһΪٶȾֻ̤˴
ԽδȫΪƬؼΪĴڣǿȴδʧȥԡ
µţԽ⵱֮Ϊṳ̂һ
飬ʥ顣
ʱ̣Ȼܹܵı䡣
֪̤һҲʧΪĹ
ֻǣ̤һﾡʥˡ
ԥʲô
κ⣬һϮǳȹķ֮¾νƽϢʵ
֮У˫ۣƽһЩʡ
ֻ֪봴޷ﾡʥµ
Ĭãһ̾ԥ˫ٶȱպϡ
ʱκУһǿϢӣȫ˵еޣ
⣬¾ϣĿ⿴ԶһĨɫ
ǴܾûпµҪ
챱磬һ޾µУսһϦ١
ڣƿһʥ䣬ѪȾ
ƿֲľʥѪ죬綼ȾѪɫ
𣡡
ڴʱѿһ޴Ļ޳֣޺졣
޳ֱ֣ӽ·ɡ
ʥѪĻޣ䣬˵ѹӣԼ䣬һ˿Ϣ
ͬһʱ䣬ʥѪɱ䣬ΪֲĹ
ʱңͿ̿
ܵ𣿡
羡ͷϣ¿ڣ
š
Уȫͷʥˡ
ǿѾһƽ
ǹħ飬ʥ˸˵ĸо
Ĭûлش
Դͬʱȥ߲У⻪ʢһϮ۵ī߳Ŀ⿴ű磬
Ȼû
ڰϢӣڰ֮ڵ
ϧ˰ͽ⡣
īˣ
ѾȬ
ڰ֮ӦλӦҲҪ̤һˡ
ƻ裬̫ʥҲҪٴˡīڣƽ
īҲ𣿡ڰ֮Ц
ǵûУֻǺλʲôķӦīעʣش
𣿡
ڰ֮ѲǵһѵڤҪǿ𣿡

īƽΪһڤǿģǣĿ£
ʲô˼
ڰ֮
ʮУΨаλɸıһУ
ī૵Ϊƿص֪ʱ䡣


1613 µһ
죬ţתꡣ
羡ͷؼʱڣ»˴š
УܵӰ죬ﷶΧκ˲ϯġ
Ͽգ֣֮ڣǰδľһҪ֤
Ϸ֮Ź⻪۶λãԼ䣬֮ҲԻ
ɡħ֤㽣ǰδеĴҰģ硣
ֹɵ
֪ηһ־˭û뵽ܹͬʱ֤ؾĽɡ
磬ʥŶӵĺҲ޷ӡ
Ҫˡ
羡ͷϣ¿ʣ
ԶעǰһϮǳȹŮӣɫ
Դ죬һֱս¼ûг֣ǣλԾͷŮˣʵɲ⡣
ѾҪ̤봴ţµľ綨ȻҲκˡ
Ͽգƹҫ۵ʥ亣ƽ棬쳣
ʥУʥӰֲѹƬ򶼷
ʥ˽٣κУ˫ۣһĨɫ
רƾ齻ҡ
¿˵һ䣬Ӱǰ
ˡ
ס
ͷ˫ָʱʢɽ磬ӳǰõĻȪ
Ȫתתܣסƾؼʱ̵
޺֮ǣ·һ̤ʡ
֮ϣʥ˽λʥֱ֣
ǰ·һǳȹԣ˿ڷƮ衣
ݵһˣµһߣ񳯣ַâһ˶λʥˡ
ϣλʥûκηϻ־ǰŮӡ
ʥ֮£ϣδ봴࣬λʥ˲ûнС
δ֪вǰʥ˶о־壬νʥˣҲˡ
¿ǰˣ˵һ䣬°׹⻪ʢս֡
ȻһУʥɢתɢ١
ţ
λʥ˼״üͷһ塣
һٶһĳʥʢ쾪ر䡣
ǰ²ܣԪ°׹⻪ɢӲ˫ʥơ
䣡
棬ֲྡྷ𵴿ؾˣɫ
н棬ʤѷ֣ʥɫ仯ɱ֡
ֶԾ紵ݾһתۣǾ֮
˫ʥУһλʥἫޣ֮ԻʥԪϯʥҫ쳣
ʥ˶ŭطתȴǰɫ仯գǳ⻪ۡ
ҵ̫Իսγ񽣡
ɲǣؼ䣬֮ɢϣһõĴ֮Ի
ҪʵĴ֮ţ˼һߵΪĴֻ֮ң
ҵ֮Ӱ˲ʧĿһ̣ʥǰ
ʥ˲ܣ̧ӲС
ⲻϣҵ֮޼᲻ݣһеȻʥҲ޷赲
ʥ𾪣ķӦ£۹ܹҵ֮
һգִ̤ԪȻһƣʥš
ƺʥӰɳɣ졣
һʥܴԶһλʥɱҫ۵ĺУɶ
ʱ䣬˺ܶܶ࣬ҪôԸЩĹ
ɱɫȴûκα仯Į˵һ䣬ӲܿɱС
Ӱץסʥ˵ֱۣһնѪ졣
һʥ˶ϱۣһ̣˵һĻǲ֮Ĵʥˣϱ۾޷
ˣ
ʥ˾壬ɫ԰쳣
ǻ֮ţʵ̫ûĲ֮ʥ಻⣬ǼȻһ
˵䣬Ӱٶӳֿסϱʥ˵ļֱӳԶĸ˦ȥ
¡һԶںϵĸ٣ʯꡣ
Ƕùʱǵ㲻ɱ֮ͨҪɱǣڴʱ
䣬һλʥǰһնޡ
ʥ˾壬˫ʶǰ

ʹƺʥ˫۱նϣѪɽĿ֮
ʥ˺ˣ⣬ͣΣ亹䣬˫۽
ȻҲԲùֻҪ򲻱ƻǱʧȥǣᣡ
δ䣬Ӱٶʥǰֿߵʺ
ʥɫ䣬̲ܡ
߼䣬»һţֱӽʥ߷ɳȥ


1614 
羡ͷ֪ɵ֮ƾˣʥ
ܵԶвλʥֶҪвɱҡС
ؼʱ̣˫ʥչ־Ϊ
һأĪݵһ˫սƵλʥ
սǻۣµһϾԣʥĴ˼ɣѾȫ·硣
ս⣬ϵĴս
Թ壬֪ŷµһλʥźεȾ޴ѹʥ֮һбƣȻԽܡ
Ȼλʥܹĳ˼֪ǲҪ˹˼ɣΪ㷲Ҳÿһζץסȫʱ
ϧ²˼ʱ䡣
ϣⲻϽλʥˣͬԶһۣ޷չǿһ档
˳꣬ΪȻޱƽķսȫλʥ˼ûл֮
תµսֻ֣Ϊһλʥ̵ѹ
µŮˣ
Զսĺڰ֮עŶоǼɵ֮ɫ
ҲŮУԵսŮ̫£ǣսʤأʱ򲢷ֻս
еǱϢϤ
һԣīڣ¶˼֮ɫ
ʱī
ʲôڰ֮ʵ
ڤȥһ
ī̫ʱԲؽ٣ڤֻȥһǱϢһ񡣡
ѹ֡
ڰ֮ɫص᷽ŻɻΪ˵˴ʥˡ
Ů˵Ҳ򵥡īƽ
λֻ֮أÿһ壬ݣֻλ֪֮ڰ֮ش
֮
īĿעŶɷǵ¶һĨ΢Цλʥ֮Ҳ̤һˡ
ʲôø˵ģ̤һ˵ʲô¡ڰ֮
ǵδء
ī΢Цʥˣվͬ
羡ͷʥ֮սҵ̫֣¹˫ʥ˿·硣
һʥ԰Ԥ֮ľλʥԽսԽľ
ֻǣٶùλʥȻ·磬Ȼ߲֮ȻҲ޷˼ˡ
ֵս֣һʱʤѷ֣սԶʥҫϿ
ս⣬иУɫҲ¡

λʥ˿սֲ֣ѹӶƬ򶼿ʼҡ
뾻ҵ̫
еǰ²Σһ˫ӱ仯°ףڣһ۷塣
ɲǣУҵ̫⻪ҫĿʮء
ʥ򣬽ţɲǣ˪ɫ
ؼ䣬ʥ⣬Ȼײ۵Ĺ⻪ϣɾγ˾ˡ
սУǣһĨѪ䣬Ⱦȹ
ϣλʥұͬȾ죬δռϷ硣
һҶֻλʥˣǰδľ󣬽գ䡣
λʥˣ֮Уʥҫۣһ̣ɫҲƽ
ʮǿĴڣĻʥ֣Ȼɵ
⡣
ϣ̾һоҵ̫һ»ٶڡ
ɲǼ䣬ϣһõĴ֮ų֣ȱĿꡣ

ԶīԻĴ֮ţ¶𾪡
Ȼ
ԭλŮӲ֮š
Իһ˫Ȼ׻Ϊ°֮ɫ¹ƣŮǿ
أϣ֮ԽʵҪΪʵʡ
˵һĻ̫ʱȥĴֻ֣֮أٵĵ
ϣλʥ˿һĻɫҲ
ѹ֣ǴλŮϸܵϤϢԭǻȥһ
ৣ
սУӰƾʧٳʱһλʥǰҵ̫ն
ʥ̧Ӳ񽣣ֻһɿµĹϮӶʱɳǧ
಻Զڶλʥ˻عɫһַ̳ˡ
Ȼʥ˿죬¸죬Ŀ֮䣬Ӱץסʥֱֱۣ˦ɳȥ
λʥˣ½λʥǰһ»ڣȻһƣǰš
һƣƴݾʮأʥ˿һƺߣѪȾ졣
˵һĻλʥܴսٶб
ͬʱϣκУ֮ŵһѽʼʵȻʮֻȴɼĿ쳣


1615 ɵ
ʥϯ
³ֵʥޣƵĴ֮Իʥ
紴ԲѳԲĴ֮ʣڤ֣ȥһ
˭ûϵٵһڽ֣ţһһֻ޸
λʥ𾪵һ̣ؼ䣬һĨǳɫӰҵ̫ն񷡣
֮䣬ʥܴ˵һĻ𾪡
ʥʥʢ޸Ӱ֮ӳ
ʥ˼ĴսȻԽ룬սУһ⽻ؾΡ
֮ս٣ΪʥΪĲ񷶼ʧȥɫʡ
䣡
ʮн棬һλʥ˱һ߷ɳȥ׹亣֮С
ͬһʱ䣬λʥ˹ܣ顣
Ȼ̫ʱαػʥ˿ڣ
룡
һ¹ڣ˫ƷתȻ˫ʥ
˽棬ֲϢ𵴣Ͽգ֮ԻӴΡɽ
ֱײǣѪͬʱܴһ
£
ӺһΪǿλʥˡ
˫ʥ֮ʱ£һʥǰɵʥ˳ۻһƣض
ϣһ̤Ӱһնʥⷨ
ٶȽ棬ԽˣϿգѪϷ䣬Ѫɫ鿪ɢǿ
໹󼰵ľ磬Ψд֮Ĵʥ˷С
ƿʮʥȴв
ϣսλʥˣĲ񷶼Ѻۡ
ͬʱ֮ϣƿſռĲʥע·ս֣⡣
ûпŮӾǵȥһ
Ǹˡ
˼䣬ʥĿ⿴еӣδħܹԽǵ֪ᷢʲô
ʱվ޾ֻء
磬ڣУעеĴս˿
࣬ϲˣһ
򣬴սԽңλʥϣܴᣬȻϿյ֮Ҳ˲̶ͬȵĻٻ
ͬλʥ˵֣ͬ˲ˣȹȾ졣
ȻսûһλʥܹԽ׳ذ벽ŵȫ֪
ϣκУϯȴһҲû
ս⣬ͬսȫһѹԽˡ
ϣ֮Ի֮ϣ֮ųֲ֮Ҫ֮ϡ
ʱһȥ֮ϵһѾʼʵ
ϣƬؼ䣬¶ԽԽͣ겻ĺ򶼿ʼ𽥱⡣
ǰ׿ɫ΢
Ҫɹ
ԶսУ»λʥ˶ܵΧصı仯ɫͬʱһ
սپ
ǿҵΣϮһλʥ˿ڣ
λʥףʥԪޣٽǰ·Ůˡ
λʥ˹御ʱ֮ϣƱɫ콵谵䡣
ǰ¿ǰ΢΢
֪־ʥˣͬ˳ª
ҵն̫һ
¿ڣ񽣺գɲǣ¹ԽΪģ糯ɢ
׵һնκУһƿգʥ

һѪȾգսУλʥ˿ɽ
ͬʱУֻǵһ죬ҵ̫֮Ѻ۳֣쳣
ѪȾȹλʥ˵֣ǿ緲£Ҳ¶֧֮
ˣʣµı㽻Ұɡ
ʱؼ䣬ƱɫһĨ°׷Ӱ߳Σһؾ⡣
ӰϿգĵ֮ţһѾΪʵʣתʥˡ
ܵǰϢı仯λʥȫɫ
ˣ
ǰδеΣϮλʥ˵ϣˡ
־ʥˣȻʧȥս⣬롣
ϣ̧֪֣ɢ˲ء
յУһĻΨֵľ֮֡
Ѫÿһ䣬һӺؼ䣬⽥ȥ
ϣ֮ŴѣƬ׹£ڼ
ʱУӰԻɽϣѪϵ䣬
󷽣¿ŴԻӰɫ¡
Ǳ
ǰһĻһ̣в֪ϲǱ
飡
ϣλʥ˵Ĵ֮ų׹䣬Ӵˣء


1616 
磬֪ɵ
ʵĴ֮ţѩƣ¶ȣΧն
ɵˮԴţµܣֱӽػΪ
֪֣նɱƣʥĽ棬ѿ˿ů
ɵı壬һ˫ӶΪ˱ѩɫĮļ¡
ʥ䣬ű٣޴г֣ɵŲ
ʱϿգڶٶʵ֡
л
ϣǰŮӣƽ
µͷûж˵ʲô»ڣ޸ڵơ
̤һ
Զڰ֮Ŷ
ɵǿ󡣡
īڣɫص
Թ֪
ڰ֮˵һ䣬գʱµĺڰ˷ۣΪһɫìѹˡ
ڰì֣ƿն򶫷
׵һƻأڰìվ顣
򣬺ڰìƿնµܣ򶼼ת
ţ
ϣиУתƿնĺڰìɻӹһϿա
䣡
ڰìײκϯ˻졣
һ֮ؼ䣬ڰţɢΡ
ļҺܿҵ㣬˽еĶԹ
עźڰìķɫĮ
㣡
ϣڰ֮ص
ԶһɷϢīŶƽаգܵڵ
һճɵѣкο¡
ڰ֮ƿغڰӲη
º󣬱磬һĨ°׷ӰӶֳɽ֮ر˪
磬һʥ˫ۣĿӶ¶ɫ
ˡ
ʥɲǣ·Ƭضɫ
עӣսλ۷״̬ʥ˽֣ı綼Ҫ١
ͬǰѾһѪսλʥˣʥ״ֵ̬۷壬¡
ͬųɵ֪һΪ״̬۷壬ս⾪ˡ
µһսһһҹգ綼ϣʥѪڱѩС
ѩ£֪ԽأһѪ죬Ҳء
ʥˣǿ𺳣һҵĴսȻɱʥˣȴҲ˼صˡ
ѩУϯʼˡ
죬ʥĿȫעűӣɫ
̫δйʱ̣һλλʥ䣬
Ҫˣ
ʥڣص֮ϡ
ϣƿؿռĲʥûᣬĿ
ʱ֮ϣһλλʥӰ֣Ŀ⿴򶫷һ˿ڵȻųɵʵʮǿ󣬲ٵȣְɡ
ԣ
ԣ
һλλʥ˵ͷӦ
һ̣֮ϣ羪Ʊ䣬ʥҫ
λʥ֣춯صһƣֱӽ綼ĳ
һĻ类״飬ʧ
ϣʥĿ⿴ű΢΢
ɹ𣿡
ʧˣ
ʱȥı磬һĨӰƾ߳ɻնǿƷˡ
޾룬ƿննʥ
ʥ֮Уһλʥ˳ֱ֣ɢ⡣
û㻹󡣡
ֵʥ˿ڣ
ϿգעԶλʥˣɱңǻá
һʱ֮죬ûκκôʥ˿ڣ̵
ϣʽϣݡ
ȴֵʥУλʥ˰ʱ׼֡
罫Ҫ֮ʱ֮ϣһϵʥ

ְͣɡ
䣬ϣʥ䡣
嫵⻪죬Խƣ졣
֮ϣʥ˿ˣһԸᡣ
񣬺ν
ϣ⻪ľ󣬿ڵٴȥⷽ綼ᱻ٣࣬Ҫʲô
Ͽգע԰ƽҪʥˡ
࣬ĪΪһܹ֮ﾡʥ𣿡ƽ
Ϊβɣ
ѳɵɱʥˣҪԴĮ
͹ġ
Ц˵Ҫʥˣ˵
ǱñһûΪɣ
䣬У֣ʱһɳԽʥѹ£ֱѹǳ
ǰδĿֲ죬Ѹٱ٣ƿʱȻʥľ磬µ
񰡣ںʲô
ʱ֮ϣһõ𣬲ʥ˳֣ɢȥ


1617 ˼
죬ڰַѡ
Σʱ̣ʥ˳ֵʱռʥ˽棬ʱظ١
ǿĴ֮Ͻ棬ʱ̴ңضʧȥɫ
񰡣㾿ʲô
ʥ˿ڣĮ
ϣ׿Ų֮ϣƽ񷣬㶼˼֮£Ϊ
ֻǿαɰˡ
ʥ˳֣ϣѿռأ쳣
ϣ⻪ʢƿʱİߣʱ䷨ӣʱʱ侲ֹѿĿռҲͣ
ǿλʥˣһν֣ʱռ䣬ַڴ֮ڣزʱ档
ʱսս⣬λʥĿעű磬еɱ˿Ρ
ٵıϿգ°׷Ӱɫûܵʥ֮ĽӰ졣
֪Ͽգһ֮ųڶ֮Ҳѿʼʵµѹļ¡
٣УΧؾǿʼ
ϣʱռĴʥ˽֮سֱ֮ףʱ䣬ػָ
֮ϣʥҲûٳ֣֪ʱǲܱܵġ
࣬ʥĽ׼ʥڣŵ
ܡܾ
ڤ粻飡
̧֣ʱ磬ʱƬرûҰɫ
Ͽգ֮ܵʱӰ죬ǿʼ黯
˵һĻʱǰȻ봴Եֿ
һ˲ǧ꣬һƺߣϿգڶҪʵĴ֮ž黯ʧ
޷ʱ򣬿µ£˺޵ֿء
𣡡
ʱٵıУһ޺쳹أǴǰʥѪޣڴսл
ޣʥ˼ĴǰԵȻĻԻͣǽܹȨ⡣
ƻʱɵòǲܣ֮ͻƽޣǳֳɵס
Ҳɵ
λʥ֮Уһ˿ڣգһɫǹ֣ƿն
򻮹գ߲ƾ춯ء
޾ͷŭҪɵ޲ʱɱȫ
ֻһѪ벽ɵްӶɫǹȥһԡѪ쳣
ʥ˵ǿ󣬴δָı䣬һһλԽ޼ȥ
ʹ˻ȴʥ˵һ»
ϣֵʥ˼״üͷ壬գڶɫǹ֡
һɡ
ڣףɵףӦκγɵ֮ˡ
ֵʥüͷ壬ȴϢǣ
ʥ֣ͣ޾ͷܾٶ˻޻Ϯϵʥ
޻𣬴޾ͷӶ׵壬Ŀǰ
̧֣޻ʱɢΡ
ܵϮƽ˫ɱһţգʱ޾ͷһҺȻը
Ѫ꣬ȾޣɵޣʱǰԵ˵Сһ
Уڣ˫ſӰɲʧ
ţ
ԶĿɨ磬򶫷
̧֣˵һ̣ȴٶʧȥĿꡣ
˼٣Խؼޣ쵽Բ׽
ʱؼ䣬ħӿʮգĿ⡣
Ŷ
¶ɫħ
ħУһĨӰ֣ն
ֵ̧ħĿעǰħߣȻ㣬㻹û
ħԣħתƣһնԽǿ
޾ħҪûƬأϣ޴ħ֮ų춯ء
ͬʱ˼䣬¡¡𶯣һϵĴ֮Ի£˼侹ǳ˳ɵߡ
֮Χħӿħ޽һƬ磬λɵߡ
죬ܵ˼ı仯ս֣ɫ¡
˼侹Ҳ˳ɵߣһħ
һشλɵߣΪʲô
Խ͵һ̣жʡ
˼䣬ŵһλɵߵĳ֣˼ǿߵҲԽԽ
򼫾ˣĴ磬ȫɱ䣬Ĵڡ
ϣһλλ˼ǿ߾ΪףһħĳŮĿ⿴ʣڵ߰ɡ
һ䣬¡¡𶯣Ǿٽ̷ϵǿ߳ȥ
ܵʥ˵ѹƣգ죬ʥ˵硣


1618 
죬ħʮգս
춯صħɾħħ֮ųʣѹˡ
ϣ֣ǬתУµ֮չʱ֮ܡ
»ݣ򷨵㣬ħ𵴣ʮҲٱ١
ħʱؼ䣬ɽ졣
ƿǰ
УƿĽ⣬ɫ
˼Ľߣ𵱳λˡ
̧֣ת裬ɢ
ս֣ħݺᣬյĹ⻪ûս֣ѱӰ
սУһжʱ䷨˻򷨲֡
ս⣬λʥնǰս֣׼ʱ֡
ͬʱϿգһĨǳȹٻӰ»ڣϢ
ٵĵʮ֮ţۿɼٶѸ޸ƬֲѺۣڼ
Զս⣬ǰսעʥͻȻܵǿ򲨶ɫһ

ļµĴɶ򼱾ɢƼ£Խ
̫˰ֻأĵʮԽ֮ǿ𾪡
ţ
սУڰҲܵԶǿѹüͷ塣
սз񰡣̫ţ
ħУĮħɽâݺᣬħִս
ڰع˫ץס˫Ŀ
£
һȣʱ𵴣Ѫɽ
ս⣬λʥ˻һۣһͬ˶
򣬵ʮ֮޸һϢԽǿ
©֮㣡
һλʥ˿ڣӰӹҫ֮
¹⡢ɫһϢٶȻǰʥˡ
ʣ֮ϣһƬûѺۡ
ȥĵš
ֵʥٶȿڣѵ
󷽣λʥ˷ӦӰӹʡ
쿪
λʥ˳ֻٵ֮ʣϿգӰƾʧٳ֣֮ǰһƵλʥˡ
󷽣һƬûѺۣ֮ȫ޸ʱֲʥֱʥ
ʱ޾£һһֻأ޸»һͷ˿˫Ϊ°ɫ
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ϣǰУƲٶȴǿޡ
ʣ°ɫ֮ųʱһϹ콣뷲С
ҵ̫ʣ羪Ʊ䣬սһն
ɲǣһλʥѸٱ¹⾻ɢΡ
ͬʱ죬֮⣬죬˼
ϣ˼ǿ಻
ǿ֮ǰŮһħӿȻ̤˴
⣬ֹͣǰŮǰţħԪԽˡ
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˵Уָ˼ǵ
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ǧǰһƣ˫սն¡
䣡
ֻž춯һܵҳ¡¡
𶯣֣Ů׼ʱ̴߶ֱײȥ
ʱӦ٣˼ͬһͬ졣
죬սУʥ˸ܵԶ䣬Ŀ˹ȥ
羡ͷһ޴½ƯΪ
죬˼ʥ˵磬֪»ϡ
֣սУһϢٶɹ䣬
ȣ
һȣɹ죬Ĺӳ֣˫ֳ˫Ⲣƿն
ͬʱħӿʮǵأĩ֮ƾն֣ħʱգն

ֻһʹƺϣһѪɽȾ졣
شӰɢת֮䣬ؼʧ
ϣǳ˿ǰ¶𾪡
ֻǻ
ͬʱϣԻ»ݣ߳
ǿƿʱȻԽһУ
죬ħɢʮƾɢ֪١
ϣħʧķ򣬿ڵ겻̸̸𣿡
ˡ
䣬ħɢʧ
ʣ򻺻£˼ǰ֪¶п
겻Ůڣɫƽ
ǻˡ
˵һ䣬Ŀ⿴򶫷Եȡ
˵꣬ӰӳŶȥ
»ڣ
ʥ˱ܣԸâ
ৣ
תۣնʥʥ󷽣°׷Ӱ֣һݺᣬסʥ·


1619 ڤ
죬٣ʶع졣
ڶϣʥǰһ°׹⻪ķǰУӽնʥ
ͬʱߣ֪סʥ·
ǰǿУ׷ʥʱΣڵϦ
Ͽգ֪һǰһնǿֱʥ˲
̤ʥ˵Ϣȫ˱仯úʥһ㣬ȫʧȥů
飬Ϊʥ˸ˣͬǣ˻ǡ
֣˫춯أ˾˵ȻʥˣҲԵֵ
ϣ֮ųҵ֮ƣǿѹʥ֮
ܵѹƣʥ価·磬н棬λʥս֮౻ȥ
ԶУŶϾ˵һսɫȫ¡
Ǵʥ˼ս𣬹Ȼ
һһҹ󣬶ϣʥȫսʥѪȾƬ򣬺쳣
Ͽգն֮ϣѪϵ䡣
һһҹѪս˹أɫƣڡ
߰ɡ
նɱʥһ۲Զķ£ڵ
µͷȥ
˼𿴵֪̹
𣡡
ɡ
ƽ˵һ䣬Ŀ⿴·磬ڵӽȫӳҪ
ǣ
𹧾
Ҫʲôһԣ¿ʵ
֮ɱ
ԣ˫պϣڵҪ꣬Ҳʮ꣬Ҫʱ򣬱ҪȫӴ롣
۵ȶֵ꣬áش
Ұ㡣ƽ
л
һϣһ޴ĸƯϣΪʥͷһ̡
гɵʥ˶֪֮һµĴڣʵȻԽǡ
ʮ꣬꣬ǧ꣬ϻȪ¾ģɱĴʥˣһһѪս춼Ҫ١
ͬΪʥˣʵرǿͬƿʱİƿħڤɿ⣬Ȼʥ֮Ҳӵʮֿµսȴʥˣ˿ɵС
ǧʱ䣬ʥ֮ʵȫȥϢԸâ
Ȼ컯飬һһѰصĴʥˣɱ
ڲ֮ϣʥ˼֤ʥ˵䣬һûг֡
·Ĭһ㣬Ҳûȥ֮ϣƺ˲ʥ˵Ĵڡ
⣬磬谵䣬ľ֮أѿһˡ
֮Уʬÿһʬǰ˶ǼǿĴڣǿߣѰֻ˴
ȻȻǿĴڣֻһߺǣ޾ţеҲɢ
УʶͿѰҲ֮صĴʥˡ
𣡡
֮ͳĺԼ䣬Ĺ֣˻
ַתڣ컯Իǰ֮·
˲֪ãһɿĴӳǰУȪ֮ˮˮ֮£ͬǺǡ
ˮ
ǰĴӣ͵ظһģһѵ˼ĵظɴ˶
ˮԣһ޵׵СصڰϣǰСذ˺С
ˮϣ޵׵СУҡŴ԰ȥ
ɴӣ˽һӵĹСʻ˶԰
ССǰȥ
ǰ˰ٶǰһ޴ʯųǰʯϣ˴ɼ
ڤ
ǰʯţһϢڣȫ䱸

ڤٶֲ
ڤڣһ޴İ׹ۣ֮׹ǧٻ޵İ׹ɣ£Ϣ˷
ֻǣ׹ϣյģһˡ
ǰǰ׹üͷ塣
Ƭ̣Ŵ֮ȥ
ڤµ֣ضΪѪȵĺɫǰӵĿֲ
ɽȡ͹ʬǣµľϲ˲

ǰ޴ɽȣ
˵УʮصУ͹֮ͽǰߡ
ߵ͹ǰִǰһ͹Ȼ顣
ɢƬһأŵϵƬ¶ɫ
͹ĲϣǷ֮ڤ֮أҲԻ͡
һصУû̫ͣãǰȥ
ڶص˵ɽɽϣϹ洦ɼ
űǵءء
һһصͬĿֲһʮصÿһضųͽߵĿ̷ڤϡ
ʱһŭ쳹ڤʮصС硣


1620 ڤڤ
֮أʮصŭ졣
ףֻһ޴ʬӭײֲܣһɽѹ¡
ܣ̧Ӳʬ
䣡
һ춯ֱӱʬײɳȥԶɽϡ
˵һĻΪǿȶǿ󣬾Ǳһʬײɳȥ
ɽУѶһڡ
𣡡
ʮصʬŭٶײ˹
ɽǰһ̤Ӱͬȥ
䣡
ಫȭȭ⣬һһ𣬽ɱ˫ץסβֱӳǰɽȥ
¡¡쳹ڤ磬һһɽ屻Ϊƽأʯ졣
ʯУʬײǰ
޴ʬƿֲǿȣȻ˼ֺ
Ͽգ
ԸУɳ֣µһ׽־˷â
ն£վ飬ֻӹȻնʬ֮ϡ
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𣡡
ʬܴӼѪԣһŭһϢ£ɭɭ
̧֣ӿ˲
飡
ʬײ⾡飬ὣʬ
˵һսȻʧȥʬȴչֲֿսʥ˾Ѳ̫·硣
ԽŨΪʵʡ
δʥȴӵʥ˼սעǰ޴ʬɫ
ƺҵµİ취Ըİ취
塣
ʱڤͷһλŮϿգʬƯϢǿѹ˴
֮Խˡ
ڤڤڣɫƽ
ڤ֮
ˣɫ΢ŮӱǴ˵ڤˡ
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ƺ㡣
ǰڤ֮Ȼʲôʱ򣬵ǣȷŮˡ
ҽڤڤ
ڤڤ¶һĨ΢Цڤˣ֮𣬵Ҿ˵һ̤һҵԤԹȻˡ
ܵǰŮǿϢɽоĳŮӺǿöԸ
ļ仹ûȫָ
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Ѫ£Ⱦ£ֻһƣش
ʥ֮Ȼ˲Ϣ޸ơ
ȴѡ֮𣬾ôֻأ㾿ʲôڤڤһǰ

ӽǧڶ𣬹˫նǰڤ֮
֮ȷǿųɵųԽѰʥ˵ʵ
ڤڤֵ̧ǧ⣬ɫĮӦ֪ǲͬ
䣬ڤڤһ߬ʱǧӦ١
ɢڤڤӰٶӹһƣȻ֪š
ǣ
̶ĹţһǾ飬˼อ
µڤ֮չֲֳʵǿѹƷųɵ֪
սֲգɳ֣˫Ϊƿն
Ľȷк֮ܣá
ڤڤ̧֣˫ƺ˫ԴԴϵĹɽ
޿ɺڤ֮ǿ𾪣Ͷ䣬ʥˡ
н棬ڤ羡ǹУڤڤһǰƲȴǱ޿ɱܡ
˫ڤ֮һ̤Ӱڿն
ɲǣɽ֣ƣѹٶ
·ڤڤϵ̧֪𣬶ʱʬŭ𣬳źײȥ
䣡
ʬ춯صĴУ˵ನֱʬ
ʬ˵ɲǣڤڤӰգɽʱ𿪡
ȻһӰ׹أɳɳڱĿ⡣
ϣڤڤĿ⿴ɳеİ׷ӣƽʵӦòֹ˲ŶԣʹȫɣȻҲ֤һл᲻ɱ㡣
Ը
쳾ɳУƽ˵һ䣬Ŀɽ֣
Ľʱڤ磬תƱɫ
ǰڤڤ״΢΢
塣
ʱڤ⣬ٴʬɽμʻڤ硣


1621 Ů
ڤ磬֪սڤ֮˵һսʮصҪȥ
ڤڤƹڤףһսףȻԽѰʥˣﵽ˲ʥ˺͵ڰĲΡ
ڤڤ֮⣬ս벻ڤ⣬ʬѲμٸڤ
ɽУظ־һʺĿֵųҫ۵ɫ⻪ӽնڤ֮
װðĽ棬ָԼĽ㡣
ڤڤֵָ񽣣Ŀ⿴ǰŮӣ¶΢Ц
ȻһڤڤʥԪȻǰظ־
󷽣״ɫ£Ľ죬ƴޡ
춯֮ܣʮأսУ°׷ӰӹĽȻײڤ֮
ڤڤʥԪ𵴣ѳĽ֮
ȻʥԪɢڤڤ˺벽촽ߣһѪ䡣
սڤ֮׶ܴȻأǣ˿ϣ
£
һĺڤڤֱ̧֣һƽǰ֪ķɳȥ
֮𣬻װãķŭˡ
䣬ڤڤ建ڿն𣬶ʱڤУʢ˷۶
ߣ
ظ־״ͷ£ɫһ䣬֪ǰһƽս֡
䣡
ʱսУڤ֣֮صһƣֱ
޿ɱܣ޿ɵڤ֮һƵĵظ־Ӱɳ֮ϡ
УͷƮɣȾѪ쳣
ս⣬ظ־ݣѹŲ޾ĺݺһ
Ů
Ȼв²⣬Ȼۿȴ޷ƽ
Ů
ӰӹŮǰʹ㣡
飬ѸıһУһСɣС
ߣ
Ů˵һ䣬Ѫ䣬һһȾ¡
Ϊһˣһһ޴ãֵ𣿡
ڤڤһǰɫĮ
ûˡ
ŮǰַǰŮӵӣɫᣬһΣҲ뿪
ϸºˮѼȴеһ̣ϾᣬŨĻ
ħӿȣ羪ΣˣضֱϢӿħ֪ɫȴԽᡣ
ɲǼ䣬ϣһ޴Ĵ֮ԻۿɼٶѸʵ
ħɱ¾ƵĴȴгɵ
𽣣һӰ˲ӳ
䣡
һ磬ڤ磬ħҳڤȻ
ڤ٣ֲȫɳȥ

УڤڤɫһԪǰ֪
ֹ̤סƣӰӹһħӿʮƣһȭ
䣡
ٶȽ棬У˵˿ӿݲ֮
ߣֿ̧סڤڤ磬һħҪǰڤ֮
ħڤڤ˲ȥƬļ¶쳣
ȴΪݲԣڤ֮ջʶǾԵˣȻڤڤԼںӡ
֣ǰ֮Ĵ򷨣ڤڤͬûһһƺǰϡ
Ϊʥ˾磬˵սȴֻصԭʼɱƽ棬ʵԽա
ڤڤ磬һȭѪȾƬļ
ͬҲڤ֮һƴһڣ׹֣쳣
ֻǣ˵ȫǿ쳣ȻصҲѸٸԭ
н棬ڤڤϵѱȥŮӵıܣսУڤڤڵһЩ˽λ
Ҳˣڤڤܵƣ˼صơ
ҶЩЦһս˭û֣ΨһĿı¶Էء
˴ڤޣִ޴İС磬ҹ˲֪˶С磬ϵҲԽԽأȻʥ֮޷ʱ޸
ʮպ˵弸ѾϣܴأΪȻʩչԼɸеĿֲʥȻͷûʲô
δ֪С磬׹ɽ֮С
ɽУϢһλ쿡ѱӰĿ⿴׹ɽȵˣ¶һĨ΢Ц
λʥԼ롣
һ̣ɽڣϢʢȥһд⡣
ϢУƶϣ¶ȼߡ
ޣֻǣϢڣ濴ʲôҲ
֪˶ãɽаҲûκϢ
պ󣬰ɽͻȻµŭȻʥˣҲʧ̬


1622 ʥ̥
δ֪С磬һĵⷢڤڤ֮У⡣
ĵ֮ڤڤǰŭ졣
ͬʱҲӻڳ˵ǻۣһ̣ã˲䷴Ӧô¡
û˵һħ£ܡ
ȥɣ
Ǳŭʴڤڤֲһ˳ȥ
䣡
ʱδ֪СӦٵ㡣
ྡྷɨѾСܵʱٶܴ
ǿµŮˡ
С⣬ʱѾӰǰȥС磬զ
˵ڤһֲŮˣյüȻ鴫
ʥˣ
ԶܵСǿϢ¶ɫȻѵǰ룬Ⱦܡ
󷽣ٵСУڤڤһŭ𣬼ҪΪʵʡ
ŭͷԣڤڤȻܵһǿϢȴûᣬֱӳܵķ׷ȥ
ˣͲ̸̸绨ѩ𣿡
С⣬ӰԶȥˣЩźҲ֪лҪŸոտʼѣٹһЩʱգǻ̸̸
磬ӰһǰһӹᴩһһС磬֮شꡣ
֪ΪΣûٻֻ֣ƴܡ
ϤһĻѲ֪ٴΣ֪һʤҲܹͬҲӹǱǵһΡ
ܻ֣Ҳ޷ֻ֣Уһֻ޴ĻＫӹٶԽԽ죬ת֮ʧ
󷽣ʬŭ죬мʬͷϣڤڤɫ쳣
һץȻƤҡ
ͬʱ磬ϣ˼һӳ
ʱһһȥµָţ֪ȴûлع顣
֡
һɽУǳ⣬ڵһôôã
Ӳɫ˰ɡ
ڵɽУǧ˫ۣش
Ҳûˡ
ǳ򲻹ܿԣʲô˵£һ˰ɡ
Ϊ˭һ֪ء
ǧ䳰֪Ը񣬱ϹŶҪأΪʲô£
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ǳ°ͣˣزذɡ
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㲻
ڤڤ̧֣ݻһһŴǣ˿û顣
ۼҪӵԭʼǣϢӿ׼ʱֵֵ
ʱǿУڤڤͻȻһϢɢ
ô᣿
ڤڤ¶֮ɫĿ⿴ԼСɫǿ־塣
ԭʼУܵڤ֮Ϣı仯ϢϢȥ
ǿϣڤڤѹ¸еļ¶ĿɨΧǣҪ֣Ϣٶȳ𵴡
ڤڤɫֱ䣬ãתȥ
ǿڤ֮뿪¶⣬ȴǰһ
ɹˣ
Զһֱע֮־Ӱ¶΢Ц򲻸ˡ
ȻĹ
ʱӰ󷽣Ť߳ǰѱĴʥˣ
Ӧøлҡ
ǻתǰӣ΢Ц
ɫ£Ǳлˡ
䣬Ȼ֣ĽԻӳ
лķʽر𡣡
ǻЦʧһ̤Ӱٺˡ
ʱǿϣһ֮壬ȴʼ޷˼еӰ
ǰ΢Уգ֣Ӱӹӽնǰʥˡ
ǻ̤ܿɷâһˣԸ津â
н棬ǻܵǰӵǣһ̤ȥ
ٻˡ
δ価ǿϣǻӰȥʧ
üĿ⿴ǰ뿪ķû׷
ٵڤ磬ڤڤع飬һϢʮֲȣ𵴡
ڤ֮УСһһĸ׵
ڤڤصڤûκγɣ̱չأ׼սḹеС
ʮصڤڤǿӿ˷ӿڡ
Ȼ𾪵ǣûڤ֮ڵɣ޷˼е
Դһˣڤڤ𾪵ͬʱŭԪһƣֱԼС
䣡
һ̣ڤڤӿѾʥ̥ɵĲԶ¾һơ
ۣ
һˣڸشڤڤһѪȾǰ

ڤڤӣо֮ɫȻѾʧȥôࡣ


1623 
˼⣬ͬС磬ĴսսȻǧûл
֪ʲôƽһһʥ˴С磬ʼûٻ졣
ǧʱ䣬شԵĹŮɻδ
Ȼظ֮ʵͬѰȻվδ봴˴ʥȫһƣȻӽ
ǧʱ䣬ҹԼĴΪŮ˜ȴһա
ڱٵڤԽԽŨУһĨٻӰԽԽ԰ס
ǧʱ䣬ڤڤУʥ̥ϳȻҪ˳֮ʱ
ͬʱʥ̥ڼڤڤҲԽԽ
ڤ⣬һλѱӰɫһ˿Ρ
ڵȵһա
ʥ̥⽫̫ǿĴڡ
ڤ磬ʹȻʥ˼ڤ֮ʱҪ޾ʹ࣬Ա⡣
ڤڤҧ·ֹʹ࣬еĺҲ֮Ѹ
ҪǸˣҡ

ʱţתǰȥͻȻڤһʹ֮ƺߴֱľ
Ƭ̵ĳţһǿʥƬء
ǣ
һλλʥиУĿ⿴ڤ緽¶ɫ
þ˵
ͬʱһλʥ˴СУսܵϢвһ
ϤĸоΪʲô
ڤ⣬ǻ¶һĨЦݣŲһ̤ڤ硣
ڤŵʥ̥ڤڤ弫վʮѡ
ʱϢǻڤ磬ǿʥ̥

ڤڤиУ֮¶ŭɫǿԪӲʥˡ
ڤ֮ȫʢʱڣ֣ڵ㣬в
ǻһƣֱӽǰڤ֮ɣǰʥ̥תȥ
ۣ
ʮ⣬ڤڤͣΣһѪϼˡ
ӣ
ڤڤǿƣ׷ȥ
Ȼŵʥ̥ڤڤѪΪأֻ׷ڤ磬ѿ֮ټ
ӣ
ڤڤʧ֮ɫĸ׵ԣȻʥˣҲ޿ɱ⣬Ӷʧг׻ˡ
޾ʱ⣬С˴սͬĪķ꣬һǰʥˣüͷ壬Ըսתȥ
СУʥ˳һһ亹
պڤ֮ǰĿ⿴ǰٵڤ磬ȨãС
ǹϢҪ׷ʲô
ڤ磬ش꣬ϵһ磬Ȼ׻ȥ
Ѱڤ磬ȴûзκϢڤ֮ʧټ
վڤУһֱʮգȴһֱûеȴڤ֮ĳ֡
ѣֻ뿪
ǿգʱһȾѪڤڤᴩʱգԶ׷ɱʥˡ
һһսڤڤϵҲԽԽأûʱ临ԭ
ڤڤͣ£ͣº󣬾ҲѰʥ˵ټ
·ĸ֮ĸӦÿʥ˽Ҫڤ֮׷ɱڤ֮ȴֺܿǰ
ϵĴսʥԸܵڤ֮ΪڽػָʵԽǿ
겻ɢ
ʥĿ⿴ԶٸӰ룬ı䷽򣬳ŵڰȥ
ڤڤ׷ܵؼĴϢĿ⿴ʣٶ׷ȥ
ڰ죬ƿʱ磬ʱķתϼĿʥǷ
ʥڰ죬ʱڤڤ׷
ڤ֮Խˡ
Ȼʱؼ䣬һϵֱӽڤڤڰ⡣
ѵҪ֮𣡡
ڤڤǰ磬
飬͸·ġ
ڰڣӦ
ڤڤԣɫ£һֱӳǰײȥ
ڰУ̧֣ʱ䷨Ȼڤ֮Ĺơ
ͬΪʥеǿߣڰʵڤڤ֮ϣ񣬺ܴأ֮ĲԽ޴
ʮﶬ˲Ͻ֣ÿһΣڤڤĲҰܶ޷ڰ죬ûлԼĺӡ
һν֣һƼڤڤʥ֮һսڤ֮Ҫ
գڤڤش֮뿪ˣѰİ취
죬ʱǧ꣬״λعǧսһԡѪ
ûо̫ˣƣӽɵ塣
ôŻǰʵ
鷳ˡ
۾ƣ
䣬֮ϣڤڤӰƾն֣˵ֱһ·ɵ
ɵڣиУ˫ۻȻ
һ̣ɵ֮ϣһĨӰֵ̧֣ڤ֮ƾ
̸ȥȹ
ڤڤǰӣڵ


1624 
ڤڤŭһƣ·ɵ
ɵڣиУӰƾʧϿգֵڤ֮ƾ
ӵĿ⣬ŭ֣ڤڤǰˣ̸ȥȹ

ԣ¶⣬˭
ĺӣ
ڤڤϵɱԽѹƣŭ
ɫһǰϤĸоѵǣ
ߣ
ڤڤǿѹеŭתȥ
󷽣ع룬̸ȥ
·˼𿴵֮뿪¶⡣
鷳ˡ
ɵǰƽ
ŮӣȥѰʥ˻Ҫǿ󡣡
ڤ֮
µͷȫʢʱڣǺͲʥ˺ͰһĴڣƺϢ˲١
ϣ¡
ɫ
⣬Ӱȴûżڰ졣
ڰУ޴ڣ۾Ҫȹͷж
ڤڤ㸺ǣƣȥȹ
ԣ
ûּۻۣͷӦ
ڣΡ׳䣬УһƿʱʥһϢס
ڤĴڣǿޱȣʱʥν֮
ǰһλӰʥ̥
ʱʥڣʥ̥룬УǿϢתԼ䣬ųԽʥѹ
ʥ̥𣬹Ȼ
ڣƽȥʱʥػʥ̥ʥ̥죬ҪĶ
ǣ
ǻʱʥȥ
ʥ뿪У֮Զ
ڵȵˡ
ʥ̥죬֮ϣΪ㲻Ĵڡ
ڤ䣬į
ţ
ʱУһУĿ⿴Զ

˼δ䣬ؼ䣬򽣱ڣ
ڣ̧֣ʱ䷨ӣѸٵ㣬ɢ
תۣǰһĨ°׷Ӱֳɣâˡ
࣬Ҳ𣿡
ָɷâĿ⿴ǰӣƽ
䱾ͲӦ񣡡
Ӧһ䣬գ¾Իɽն˫С
ʥԪȻǰ֮ˡ
˵һУ裬࣬ĶͣΪƾԼߵ𣿡
ƷתʥԪˣʱ֣ҫ۵ϼ⣬һС
̤ͬʱħӿ˫ͬС
ʱ쾪ر䣬ʧɫ
κУӰٶӹ˫ն
䣡
̧֣˫žߵ࣬
Ҫ𣿡
Ц˫֣ͨ졣
ţܵٸߵľ硣
֣Ȼǰߡ
Ұģֹ
ʮ⣬ͣΣһȣĽͬ
ĿɽɷĽ̫

䣬ľһʱ󣬾޴ɫչ컯ܣӳܡ
Ľֻؼ䣬Ѹٵ㣬Ľ
Ľ컯飬Σ
˵һ䣬˫Ʒתɲǣ
һ޴ʱ֣ʱ䷨ıԴʱ죬䡣
ǣ
ʱ첦ʱУֻ˼;Уشңеһȫعԭ
ڣĽ컯ʧع֪ڡ
飡
ƣֱһƽǰɳȥ
⣬ײһѪŻȾ
ͬʱʱʥǰһĨŹӰӹʥ̥ĸӦѰ
ʱʥ
ڤڤǰʥҵʱ䣬С
޷ǣ̫ãץʱ䡣
ʱʥڣյغκϢʥУһ͸񶦳ڣ˯һ۵Ӥ

ڤڤ״¶ϲɫûκԥֱӳ񶦷ȥ
ڤ֮㻹ҵ
ʱվһĨѱӰ߳ǰ
ǻ
ǰ֮ˣڤڤȻŭ쳣ȴûг嶯
𣡡
Уͷʬǣ֮
ţ
ǻΧƵͷ޴ʬüͷ塣
Ƭ̵ǣƣڤڤƹ֮֮ǰ

Լĺʱްڤڤϲɫڣֱеĺӡ
ȻڤڤҪ񶦵ɲǣ֮ϣֲʱ򱬷ڤڤ˫̱øɿݡ
ֻǣȻҲ͹ĸԵΰ
ʥܵʴڤڤȴǲܣȻŻҷʹҲҪԼĺӾȳ


1625 
ʱʥڤڤ룬ֻΪԼĺӡ
Уʥ̥˯ʱػκ˿
ʱ壬ڤڤܵǿҵӰ죬˫ۿʼѸٸɿݡ
Ȼڤڤȴǲ˰벽ǿʹ࣬˫С
ڤ֮ôʱʥ֪
ʱʱʥУһµѹӶֲֳء
̧һƣκ˿Ǭ飬ĩա
Σʱ죬һĨӰ֮䣬˫ӲС
ȻӰɳײϡ
ѪɽȾ񶦡
ͬʱǰڤڤܵ˴սನҲ
ڣʥ̥ϵ죬·Ǹ֮ĸӦ˯еʥ̥˫ۡ
۵Ӥ۾ͬһǰӰ۵СƺҪ󱧱
ףӤε˫ۣһű˲ڻ
ǿǰת˫С
ɲǣʱ壬˫Ѹٸɿݡ
תۣӰǰһƾɫ䡣
Զڤڤ״ɫһ䣬붼û룬ϵǰ
һƣȻڤڤţȫһУ˲ڤ֮һ
ྡྷ𵴣󷽣ͬŻ죬һġ
һ̣СִӤϸ۵СץסָС¶ĵЦݡ
ȾӤС֣ɢҫ۵Ľ⣬Ѹ޸֪ش塣
˵һĻбĿľâ
ǿȻʱ򶼱⡣
ôĵȴȻûڳݴ֮ϵ
ǰԼĺӣһڤڤǰ߻ΪＫٳʱʥȥ
ǻ״ɫһ̶ǰ׷ȥ
׷ˡ
󷽣ڣƽţʥ̥ƺӦǸݣΪˣߣʥ̥ܸĳ졣
ǣ
ǻͣ½ŲɫһĨԥվǹһ
֪ڹʲôģȻʥ̥뿪аսأӦ飬Ҳʥ̥عʱ֡ƽ
ǻԣɫԽ
ڰ⣬Ｋӹһֱɳ﷽ͣ¡
УڤڤѾȥȫһƣش֮ɢ
ӡ
ڤڤֱۣĺţĸˡ
Ȼڤڤ̫ˣ̫СԾԼĸס
ΪļٶԴ
ޣײµġ
Լĺӣϸغ
Ŵ۾ǰߣƺ˻к⣬ûٿޡ
¶º͵ЦݣСһǴ
ĵڰ׷ϣûжͣȥ
ɵǰվȴɫŵ֮ɫ
ʱʣ죬޴ĻĿ䣬ζ
ɵǰǰŮӣ㵣ˡ
û±á
Ӧһ䣬ǰ߻еӤ¶֮ɫ
ҵĺӡ
ûʵʵ˵Һڤ֮ĺӡ
ԣһ𣬲ڤ֮һѪûжʣȾˡ
ͷɵ
ڣݸ㣬Ȱտڤ֮סơ
š
ӹŻз۵Ӥ¶۰֮ɫ
ѾԼĺӣá
Դӳȥ˼Ψһ壬ɳǿԼĺӡ
Ź۵С¶Ц⣬⺢ӣʵм
ֻǲ֪⺢ӳ󣬻᲻Сһǿ
ɵڣ֣¡¡У֮ų֣ʱ޾ʥԪԴԴûڤ֮ڡ

ʥԪ壬ڤڤһʹƺߣ亹ֱ
ʱʴڤ֮Ψɢʱ򣬲޸ơ
Ϊڤ֮ʱ⣬һϮǳȹķ
ܵˣת¶΢Цˡ
ĺӣ
¿еӤʵ
š
ͷ
ɫ̫ྪȣǰִüģ°׹⻪˿˿ӣûڡ
Ƭ̺󣬷֣ƽӣδΪԽ֪ǿߡ
ɫȣôС
ԽǿĴڣԽԴк֪ʥ˾ûв´ӵĸףǰڤ֮ɣʥˣӵԼĺӣǣȴǳˡ
ƽΨһĽͣʥʱȱⲻܳһ˿֮ı£˿֪


1626 
֪Ӱ꣬ûٳսѡרչ˹
ãϢҲ糤˳һٴûöã㶼֪˴¡
ǳŴ£°Ͷ
֪Ǹľͷкˣ
ڣǳ̴ɽгأ׷׸˶ɵ
ټɵУǳŴѧĹϾȤ֮ɫ

ǳſ˫ۣЦ
˺۾ǰĴˣȻͷһԵĸףƺڵȴ׵ͬ⡣
ȥɡ
¶º͵Цݣ
ͬ⣬Сһ֣ΡΡسǰȥ
ŹǳֱǰСһЦǴСһ
˵꣬ǳӻóһСöǰĶУ۰˭Ҫ۸㣬֤ѡ
ԶеľԼ䣬Ѿһ˿ʥ
λþʥԶˡ
һ·գĴսȻ޵ľۡ
飡
ʱɵű𿪣һǿҵϢӶ
ڣǳиУĿ⿴ǰ
ǰһλī״멵Ӱһǿ𵴣ʥ֡
֪õϢǧӲǴӳʥĹؼʱ߳һʱɵ
ھ粻ȣǧһΪߺͣϢҲԵʮңôеζҡ
ǳǧ䣬û㵱ĵ㣬ҵֶӡ
ҿ
ǧûᣬڵ
ǳеĹҲ塣
ƯĴ۾濴ǰҲ£С¶ĵЦݣСҪ󱧱
ͯĵ׼ȷֱ۵ظо
Сһ㣬˵ӡǳѵ
ǧͷǿѹһ𵴵Ϣֱǰĺӡ
ͯ۶ָɾЦݣģǧƣĽƽҲ¶Ц⡣
޾µս֪ԽڵǿǶѾˣȻڿȴһжֵˡ
Ϊӱϣ봫еϣ
ǧҧָѪΪīΪʣлһ⾪졣
ʥ˼佣ߣΪѲκˣǿĽΪȻ֪ҲС
ϣѪɽ˵ʥδܸܵǹɿµ
ССһѪȴǧһĽ裬ǧ仭˽˹üġ
ʱһöֹüģ޶Ŀ
Ըһƽ˳졣
ǧ俪ڣֿף
Ű۵СԼüģСϵЦԽġ
֪ˡ
ǧ佫ǰ׷ӣڵ
š
˵ͷҲûж˵ʲôֻƽص𣬡ء
ء
ǧӦһ䣬תȥӲԶٵ뿪Ҳһӡ
жࡣ
Ҳˣܲһﳬ̫ࡣ
Уǧ뿪ãǳҲԸ׼뿪
ǶΪ֪÷Ÿϻأ񣬼˹Ҳ뿪ˡ
ء
ֻƽظʲôҲûж˵
ء
ǳ˵һ䣬תȥ
ľɢ˼еУעȥıӰԡĬ
ǰ۵СֱסǰߵȣѽѽƺڰοԼĸס
ɵԶһͬׯϵĴǰ¾Ŀ⿴Զ˿
սֻأһһжˡ
ˣˡ
ֻǣģǣң
֪ع飬µָȥһգؼ䣬һ˵ʥʥˡ
޹ʥģҫۣյض

ɵУиУ૵
ڣҲߵһ
ֻǣʥİûлѡԶһʥС翪ʼս
ʥսһһС٣ܵӰ죬޾ʱնо
ʮ󣬰նһʥˣһԡѪԼҲ˼صˡ
ֹͣսʱ򣬰ѡսɱʥˡ
Ϊϲɱ¾İѪȵһ·ֻΪԸ
ɵУһͷ׷ǰĹϴ۰Цݣ·еȫ֪
Ϊӵǣң֪Ľˣһⲻǰ
ȻԴˣûκ˵֣Ϊ˶Ϊ˼䣬֪˶١
˼ܲдգΪˣ˲һһεֽٵǰ棬Ϊºڰҡ
񣬼ȻЪϢˣЪϢɡ


վ ãӢ


1627 Ӵ˷ľ
֪ĵڶ꣬΢һЩѧ·Ҳѧ򵥵˵

ɵһ򶫵СǰССӣץһСԲԲĶʯλƵ߻˲Զ֪ߡ
ǰһˮĹ¶º͵ЦݣҲû𱸣ӣϺϵˮȥ
ûٶһɱѾʧһɱϵ֮һλͨĸס
ٶרĵչŹһ׸еΡ
ֻǣشڤڤ͹Ůʼնûɻڻ֮С
һսڤڤ͹ŮϵƶأʱںȬ
Ҳżȴ޾£һһֻأϰ˵ȴ
ϣԴ֪عΪĽأȻǴʥ˶̤㡣
ϵľ޴󸡵ͬһɽһѹʥϣں
ֻǣȻʥ˶Ҫƽȴûһ˸ô
һֱڰеĺڰ֮
ٶƽúڰ֮λ֮ӵļɵ
ΪѾ֮ܲϢ
·ѴƬؼʧһ㣬޶ңԶ󼰡
ĽѾܲˡ
īڣ
ѵʵ𣿡
ڰ֮ʵ
ϢȻԽԽ˼ɵ
īɫصֻҪ֣ûԸӡ
һԣڰ֮ɫ˭뵽Ǹ֮ɳ˳̶ȣʥ˶еɵ
ͬʱڰϣڣĿ⿴޾ʱ¶ɫ
µĹȻʥ̥λ֮߳ɳĸһЩ
ʱʥڣʥǻǰˮף¶˼֮ɫ
ˣٵһЩʱգʥ̥죬ʱͻڵľ磬ݾʮ֮ϡ
ĿŹںӱ֣ɫûκβͷ
ԼһѪȺͿԣҲЩԼĿһֵͯꡣ
ī˵ֵӣʥҲ򣬸ల¡
һѵõĴںƽڡ

ʱԶ
ùá
ˣ۵С¶֮ɫСǰ
ӣСԴ΢ЦûĻ

ʹͷ˵
ЦЦеóһιǰСһ
һڸ㣬СϵЦԽˡ
Ըˡǰ΢Ц
þòЩˡ
ЦǰﰮЩߺ󣬾ͲˣȻԣ԰ɡ
һζѾôˡ
¶˼֮ɫǸʱס
ǻġ
û˵ùôܴ
˵꣬۵Сɫº͵һҪ
û䣬󷽣һöŵùСɫ

תۺߣŶеСһǲŪҵˮơ
̽СԴŵò˵
ҪŹ
ǰѾͷһۣ
СͷðɣҴдСӼƽˡ
˵꣬ӣеСһɫȥԺóԵģȥȥ
Сԥ֮ɫȻС̰Եıվѹ˶ǰĺ£˵ͷȥ
ԣ¶ʤЦݣǣС֣ʦ㣬Ҵ
ȥɡ
Ц
֪ˡ
Ӧһ䣬Źȥ
뿪תźӱߵİ׷ӣһĨп֮ɫҲܵı仯֪Ǻûǻ
֮ϲе˥ǵ˼
ʥֻҪһ죬˼ٱֹϵֻأΨﾡʥˣôعе˼䷽ǧȥ
ΣɽҪء
ʥ˵ǿᣬȻҪɱһˣҲ踶СĴۣοʥ֮ࡣ
֪Ըκ˶ȴԼΡ
οһһֻյĿġ
Ȼû׿ڳϣǣ֪ǵ֮𣬶ɽ֮
һΪ˼䣬ɢһѪǺ֮ˡ
˼䣬Ŀ⿴ԶɵڣĿɽֻȫľУâ


1628 ½
ҹɵԶСǰսƵ磬ɣ⡣
ڿҪˡ
ؽ򣬱زȱҪԿʥǿЩڣ㲻ԭĹ
ǧഴ򣬾ΪӵʥӵƽһսĻᡣ
ţһܿͿ쵽
ӱߣʱһλϢǿ쳣˼֣ʵݼ˹°֮ɫ
𡣡˼ǰ׷ӣ
ϳˣ˼߳һλ콾Ϊᣬ츳ߣδ
˼δϣɫƽͣڵ£
ῴǰѳΪ˼䴫˵֮ƽҴ˼̫йĴ˵գҪս𣬻ܹͽ̡
ԣ¶΢ЦҲûоܾͷԵȡ
˵꣬ߵһԣӵϼһؿľֲָһһľɱ
üĵȺ
ߣӳƹľ棬һľ£ľ棬֮˼ء
õˡ
ľɱ̧ͷǰ˼
ϵ´˵Ĵڣ᲻Ұִ⣬һȣ⼱ڡ
ľ콾ȻÿʱǾԵǿߣ߶һԪŭ
âҫĿ񽣣ǳ׺졣
ǰӰһĨ΢Ц˼ĺǿߣˡ
˼䣬Ӱʧ羪ףĲ˼顣
ûΪѹƣֻĽ⽻棬Ӷпľ֮۷ĽϿÿһζ׼ش˹ʱļ϶
ƣδǰһ°׷Ӱǰʺ
ʮУûиܵǰ֮ϵϢսȻ
رʵ࣬˾
Ұˡпɬ
ˣ
΢Цȥɡ
ܹ
ῴǰ֮ʵ
ܹ
ƽңܹܶΣԼǲˡ
Ĭûٶʣһתȥ
ԭǿʥ˶־Ҳܹ
뿪пľ֮Ƭֻ̺ӹľ֮Ϊɳ
֪ηڰޱߵУһƿڰ˲ڰ
ţ
ڰڰ֮˫ۣǰƿնĽ⣬ɫ΢һĳȻ¿ľ֮
ʱڰ𵴣ֲĽⲨҪȥڰ硣
ڰ֮ߣֶס𵴵С磬Ŀ⿴Զɫ쳣
ʾ
ɫ£Ӻӱ뿪ɵȥ
ѩȾһµİ׷𣬳е˼һҪս㲻ݵĴ١
ɵڣһĹ˯ȥ˯ĺӣɫ価ᡣ
һ˼ϣҪΪ˼һƬľʥ˰ڲ硣
ͬʱ˼䣬һĨǿٻӰ˼һһУͬΪ˼˥
̫˼̫֮أµ࣬ŮڸУѰ½
ʱ䣬Ů߱˼䣬ȴһ
½ʧһ㣬ȴ˲ȱһЩ仯½һֱΪ֪
ǣ½ҪԣŮȴʮ
֮ƿŴʱΨжֹ˽⣬пܴλǿ
˼ؾͷ̫սʱָһ磬ŮǿƿС磬С
̫սУش꣬ħкϡɼʾ̫սĲҡ
ͻȻŮɫһӰӹΪһĨ˹ս
ɵߣСĸǺñӣ˳ȥ
޾ʱգע̫սڵҵ𣿡
ҵˡ
̫սŮΧ׳磬
Եȡ
Ӧһ䣬һӰ˲ʧ
̫ս⣬ռƾӰ֣˹ս
սУһ߹Ϣ䣬Ůǰ
ֻǰ磬ϼƣ
Ҫһȥ𣿡
Ůǰ֪ɫ
ء
ҡͷ΢Ц½ҶЩ˽⣬ȻɽôΣգȴʮֵ鷳ܳʱûŮȻȥɡ
ŮףѵСһЩ
ס
ͷûٵ飬С
⣬ŮƬ̣תȥ
򣬶ɵУ˯۾ڻ
˯ѵĹˣ
ùãأ
ҿ˿ûп׵Ӱʵ
ȥҺĶˡ
ɫº͵ҪӴֻҪܿͻ
š
ԣʹĵ˵㣬ˡ


1629 ̫ս
̫սУ룬Ѱµࡣ
ؼȪ¡ɣһ׿ռ䣬һʱ䣬һɱ¾ֻڴ˵еѼ
Ϊ˶Կʥǿյأȫƽ
Уһ磬к󣬶ٸΧʱٷ˵ı仯
ʥԪ޾ȻУɿʼϻ
˵ı仯΢΢
ܻƵı仯쳣֣ظܵµĺۼ
֪ʱĸӣӽһ̱˳ֵ׼һһص̽ı仯
֪ʱ򣬹ɵǰ̨ϣһ˫ƯĴ۾ԶεŸ׵Ĺ
ùø˸㡣
ǰڹߣ˵

ҡͷ۾ԶСϾ֮ɫ
˳ŹĿ⿴ǰº͵ѽ
š
ͷ¶εùãʲôʱѽ
ĬƬ̺ˣҪúóԶȻˣͲϲˡ
ǹǲǾܿ
̧ͷʵ
¶Ц⣬ߵж˳һ̣ùøԵĺ춹⣬԰ɡ
á
ʹ˵ͷСһ㣬ɵس
һԣǰӣһ̾һĺӣȴҲۡ
ɵԶһǰһϮǳȹķ¾ĿԶͬĵصȴ
ļУԼǵ̫ʱڣһصĴսǸʱ־ģ壬ѼңԶ
һսֻдʥȲǵڤͰ
飬̫̫࣬ս֮󣬴ʥ̲ǣӴлζ
ڴʥΪܲǣʥԼ֪
ϣһΣܴ˽̫սࡣ
֪֪˰սκ˶
й
¿ɵǰĺӣɫ΢ĳһ޴ı֮ıδսֻӰ졣
⣬ڤλһ֮񶼼ɵĴڣûκκ֣
һеһУƣҪʱȥ֤
ɵǰŹԸʱıǰСһЦȥѽ
ҲҪҪȵ
ҡͷ
ĲȥѽҪȥĵطкööġ
һСħջǰСӣһһ߱Ȼ
ϣ¶֮ɫССҶ
һһʤơ
ԸСӣа취ˡ
ЦЦȥɣù
˫ֽһǹùһҪȵ
ãùôӦ㡣
ֵСָЦ

ҲСָޱ
ûãŹ뿪ˣԶȥıӰһ
Ŀ⿴ԶĴǰڵѾվ˺ܶ죬ڵʲô𣿡
̫սࡣ
ƽǾһսʤĹؼ
سʥѵʥ˲ȳֵ𣿡
ǡ
ҡͷʥ˵ĳ֣֮ҵļУʥ˳֮ǰһսһսʥ˷̲ǡ
֪𣿡ɫص
֪
ӦԣǲŻȫѰ½һҪ˽ʱУѰ̫սࡣ
ԭд¡
һ̾ˡ
ࡣ
ƽһͬѰĺӣǧҪ䰲ȫ
ס
ͷߣ¡
ʱ䣬ָһ˲䣬ؾͷ̫ս½Ѿ꣬ȴûг
±仯ֹУµı仯
ʱţµĺۼܵ±仯ͬʱ࿴һЩʱеļ䡣
̫ģδһµħӰ䣬ÿһħǳһ޴󣬾Ͷ㣬ء
ս䣬һħڴս䣬ΪɽѪΪ˺۾Ϊǳһħ֮ս˻磬ҲµļԪ


1630 
֪꣬µ顣
̫ģδʱһضľ޴ħսĻضѡ
³߳죬Ϊء
һ춯صĴսɫһ޴Ļħڴս䣬Ѫ۾Ϊɽӡǳɾʹ硣
سɣĹδΣǿĻħʥУʮѩԪ򷨡
ڤ
Уܵħǿ¶֮ɫ
ԭڤس֮ǰѴڣֻǣڤϢΪ˲ͬ
ڤ飬°ħ죬ǰڤȴʥϢ
ӡУڤ򷨣ΪĿپľ
ڤתһħ֣ǰڤƽҪʲô
̫ˡ
ڤõĽ罫кһ֣ǿȴƣûɱ¾ûв¼ɡ
ؼһſǳɽƽȱЩʲô
ڤתڵȱ
ԣ΢΢𣬵⣿
鷱ܣֹϡ֮ڤƽ
עؼɵ򷨣ͷ
䣬̧֣ʥԪû֮С
𣡡
ʱǿУһ޴Ļ޳֣һſǳ
ڤ״¶ɫգһ֣߳һնͷ­Ӧ䡣
ѪȾǿգɣǳ֮ϡ
ǿϣλǿĻħעصܻ
أؼ䣬ܻɽΣӶ
ǿУħҲʼʯ
ֲ֪ȥϣһ֮ų֣ԻΡ
½УעشܻɫԽ𾪡
ԭǴԴ
ȫµı仯ʱ˼䣬ŹĴˣ䣬߱Ŵǡ
ǷˣȻ˰꣬ȥҲûг٣ֻ·˵˲١
㣬Ǻ«
΢ǣĽֵϣ۵Сָǰ
ãʲô͸ʲô
˵һ䣬ǣߵСһﳯǰ̯λȥ
ʱ󷽣ĺӳ˹һѱͳǰȥ
ɫһ¶Ź֮ɫ
ӣ
ˣץǿˣ
ǰܵˣʮϵļ󺰵
ȺУӱŹƴܣȺңɹ
ȻܵĹȴǲ޲֣۾ź󷽲ŵĽ㣬㣬ҵǺ«
á
ͷЦ򡣡
˵꣬ߵһԵ̯λǰһǺ«ȥ
֣Ѿ۵ܲ·ˡ
󷽣һӻеĹɫº͵Ǻ«
ӺӻѣɵǰӹǺ«ĵس
Ӽ״ŵɫɷס

۾һɣ˵ò÷ġ
ԣ˼ͷԲˡ
ɫ¶Цݣˣԭˣ߰ɡ
䣬ǣС֣ǰȥ
㣬ˡ
ֵϣһ߳Ǻ«һ˵
ԣʱЩͷָǰ쿴ǰ֡
˳ǰָŵķȥ̱˹ȥ
ţתȥɵԶĴǰ꣬뿪벽
һԣ̫սĳŮڵڵȣ
š
µͷŮ㿴Ѿλʥˣ֪һλδİλȴײ˼ˣΪʲô
飬Ϊۻʥ飬Ϊϡ
ŮƽЩ꣬ƽԭʼħش٣ֶʥˣ˼ĻҲ֪ʱƽϢţһкܿͽˡ
Ůһ£һֱڻɣڤ𣿡
ǰᵹǲɣֻǣȴǡ
Ůɫص˵ڤʥ˶֣ʥ˻ͬпܲδ䡣
˵ڤδ¿Զأʵ
֪
Ůҡͷħɿħľͷվħ֮ϣŷ֣ԼѲ
ԣŴⷽ򡣡
ɫȫ˴Ǳصࡣ


1631 ħ
ؾͷ̫սУ֪µı仯Խء
£ȻͬΪʥ˵⾪˵Ҳʼϻ
Ȼʥˣʱʴ£ಢǾԵĲࡣ
Ȼʶ³У֤̫ʱڵر仯
̫һսһħսΪ
ħս󣬴ħսдڤʥ˫춯أ򷨡
һܻڤһͬʱ䷨ýֵܳϲֻء
سɺڤʯء
أĴУܻʮ֮ź֮䡣
ܻؼ䣬֣ӥգδӡ
ٽ俪ʼࡢ塢塢ȵȣִ̫ĻԻ͡
ֻǣֵͬʱҲ֮֡
УΪ濪ʼսŨ̫ʱ鶼ǿ쳣ؼϵˡ
̰ڤڤֹĴս
ڤǿ彥ֹɸ꣬عƽ
ڤ뿪»ع졣
Ȼһлֻǿʼ
ʱķţڤ壬ٶȿʼ
ҵĴսһֱ˽꣬һڴս壬䳹ʧ
ƺƽٵһսĲ񷶼ȾѪɫ̰һΣŭ˾֮ϵڤ
֮ϣע˼ĴսȴûгֹһһƲ
ʤ̭Ҫǿ壬˼ĺƽٺġ
ڣڤ֮ķѲɵͣڤ٣ִݻ˼䡣
ʥ˫Ĵ֮񣬳׻Ϊħһ˫׵ڻΪյʮ塣
ֲһչֳµֱ壬ֻ¼ٵ֮С
̫ʱڰʷûмأһֱʮ꣬ڤΪµ֮𷽲Ž׳ԪҲʼһһλָ
ڤվ̳׻ȥ磬˼ĹĻᡣ
ֻǣžѪʹ壬վһʧˡ
˵ĵط̰ª޴ڡ
ΪԴһαսڣѪƯ֡
ϣע˼Ĵսȴɲһһζݡ
̬ȣڤѳʧٶԡ
ڤһν˼䣬ֻһΣڤûٶ֣Ϊ˽ڡ
ڤһƬȫµĴ磬ڤϣ
ڤڣںͽȫ룬̰Ӱ쵽ڡ
ڵķչ仺ڤûгָ棬ֻϿŽڵܻ
½Уע֮ľɫԽԽ
ڤͰǴʥˣǴħ
˵Ȼȥ˴֮ţڤͰҲ¡
ڤû
³Ŀע죬΢΢
Ȼֻǲ²⣬ǣڤӦû
ֻǣڤǰϢһͬʧνͣ
˼⣬ֻѹеǣı仯
̬ȣڤͰȫͬȻڤŭ䲻̬ȱԵζ
ڣȫٶԽԽ졣
ǧأƽ½ҲѸܻ仯Ī⡣
仯޾ָ䣬֪µĺۼ
ʱһһȥתǰʱ䣬Уҵµ
߳һ˪Խڡ
ɵԶĴǰ¡ŮиУɫһ
ˡ
ˣˡ
ɵǰѴ˼ĹҲܵ׵Ϣĵ
ʱϣһĨ°׷Ӱ߳ʱأڹ

˹ȥ
֣סĹЦˡ
ˡ
ƯĴ۾߳ˮҪ˳
ⲻǻ𣿡
ȥ۽ǵˮɫº͵
˵䣬ŹǰǰŮӣһˡ
á
ͷɫƽ͵
˵εĻֻҪƽһбá
Σ
һ̣Զֱʵ
ڤͰǴʥˡ
شǴĻħ
ԣ𣬵˵ڤӦδ
ˡ
ǣƬؼȷѾûڤϢڤδ˵ʽţ
죬ʱʥڣ˫ۣؼħ૵ڤû𣿡


1632 ع˼
֪̫ս̫ࡣ
ֺ쳾һ˪ŨĻ
ɵǰλ˼ǿʥۣ˼δ
֣мʤ㡣Ůڣɫʵ
һɲ
ʵֻҪȫ磬㲻ܶԿ¹򣬸鷳ǣǲ֪Ҫɱ
һԣ¿ʣڵħĴڣ
ؼ޻ħ֮¡
شʥ㣬ȥ֮ţɱǣħΪΣһ֪
лᣬȥһΰ졣ƽ
ս
ĵƣ׶ãҪԿλħֻڵս޷֤ȫ
ȥѰɡ
Ů񣬰ҲǴǿߣܰæ
ԣĬãҡͷɡ
Ů̾ûٶ˵
һԣֱת⣬ɫƽڤ֮أ޷𣿡
š
ͷǰܴ̫ˣڵĴܵӰ죬ʱں
ϧˣõ
µ˵һ䣬֪㷽ŻϢɣϰ£
Żʱ䣬Ůѵ
סףӦ
£߰ɡŮ˵
µͷһͬ뿪
ߣλù뿪СԴҪ

á
ɫº͵ЩӹԲԣ
ˡ
СԴ
ЦЦȥ˼ˣ
š
ʹ˵ͷ˼ɺˡ
벻ȥһˣ
롣Ӧ
߰ɡ
Ц˵һ䣬ڣһ̣ϣ˼ȥ
֪͹뿪򲻾ãһСУϹ죬Ӱ죬ƾ춯ء
ɹˣڳɹˡ
СڣǳЦ
ϣ¡¡𶯣һµĴ֮Իǿѹ硣
Ŷ
뿪иУ׿Զ΢΢
Сӻ졣
츳ⶫʱĽá
һ
ڰУڰ֮˫ۣɫص
˼̤ʥʥƻ裬ǰԤҪˡī
ԴУ֮뿪ȳֵʱڰ֮
˼ǣ
īԶʥӣڵɱʥˡ

ڰ֮ƽʥ͵֮ұֻۣҪЩ˼֮ȻǿҲǹ
īĬƬ̺󣬵ͷ
߰ɡ
ڰ֮ȥ
ԶСУ죬ǳʥøĿ
ʱ˼䣬ŹֱŽڸȥ
ڣŵУһλλ˼ǿиУɫһ䡣
ʵѹѾѹ·һƬѹ£صԴϢ
ȻΨ˼ǿǷܸܵǿµѹѰգʲô޷
ǣŹڽڵĴϣŽڵı仯⡣
ֻˡ

ǵļ硣
Ҳǹļ硣
ԣƶǶص˵ͷԺǲҪסѽ
š
ӦסһЩʱա
º󣬶ݣĳǹַŵأ͹ͣ½Ų
ջĳǽϴ˵սڤĹʵأʱ꣬ĳѾѼò
̧֣ɢʳǡ
ɲǼ䣬ĳУѾĽԶգԿ콣⡣
ĺǰһˡ
˵һ䣬ֻӹɢȥ콣⡣
󣬻ĳУٶȳָƽ
ʥ֮ŷ֣ȻʥҲ޷תȥˣҲ޷
ֻأ棬ʥˣҲ֮ʱ
ĳУƬ̣ŴĻʳǵķȥ
ģĻʳ޾£ݴµĴڡ
һһػŻʳĺƽȻʳĴ಻Ͼ
ľһһÿһλнʷҫΪ˻ʳԸһС
Ź߹ĵĽ֤Żʳı仯
ѪػĻʳ±ǨȻ̫൱Ӱӡ
ʳ⣬һ֣һĹ·صػʱأԲʮû̫仯
ĹǰͣǰĴĹһˡ


1633 Ըƽ
˼䣬Ļʳ֪ع飬ŹΪɨĹ
ʱ£һж˷ǣΨзԲʮûаֱ졣
ʮ֣𣬴Ĺǰ֪أĬĬߵס
һԣܵ׵ı仯ҲŹ
ܴҲܹɣعûдԼĸס
һˡ
˵䣬ߵĺӣڵǹҵĺӡ
ĹǰҶƮ㣬Ĺϣ˺ޡ
ĸͷ
ԣؿĸͷССӣ˵Ŀɰ
ʣУʱѾ磬Źǰڵסòã
á
ɵӦ
ｨһСľݡ΢Ц
ͷ
ߵһ÷ǰָһն˷
ķɢޣָΪһһ㽫ϵ֦
һ԰æµ֦ȫߡ
֣Ϧ£ܿһ򵥵ľݡ
ûãϦ䣬ؽӣȥϵĳɫº͵۲ۣ
ۡӦ
ŪԣЦ
áʹͷ
ǹȵҪܡ
Χķ֣
šɵӦ
֣ΪҳԵġ
ʱһֻҰľǰؿ
ǰſĽƵҰãĿˮ
ԼôСʱҰÿã˺һҰȣݸߵĹ
лл
˵һ䣬ֻ۵СֱҰó
һԿŹ̻ʵӣЦ˳
⺢ӣ
һᣬԼȣſԼ׻˯ˡ
Źĺ󱳣˯ĸһЩ
ϣǵ㣬׺Ļ
ǧ꣬Ȼ±Ǩûб仯
ƹĿ⣬Żеĺӣе
ԼĺӣͱҪеӦеΣΪǴһĺƽʢ
ʱϣ֮𣬵ǹۣһĨӺݻٻӰ߳
֪ӭϣŮӿڣ˵
ˣ
ףǰߵĺӣʵĺӣ
š
ͷʵй
ˣδĳɾͲ֮¡Ź̾
ֻҪƽƽػţұˡ
ҲõδϻһսӮˣ˼佫кƽ٣ˡ
˵Ĭûټ˵ȥ
Ӯɡ
ƽΪ˼̫࣬ʱýˡ
Ŀ⿴ĴأڵЩػŽڣ򷽲ܺƽ񡣡
Ӧ֮¡Ӧ
ǿ£̸ãһӴ޻ᡣ
ʱȥľУ
˯ţʱһ֪εʲô
ߵľ⣬עǰĴĹ¶һĨ΢Ц
һҹȥʱ۾ڻ
ˣ
ľǰתĹ΢ЦҪɨĹҪҪæ
Ҫ
ͷӦ
֣С֣ǰĹȥ
Ĺǰųأ͹ΪĴĹҳɨҶ
һɨĹһߺ͹յһһΡ
ͻСЩöЩȴýζ
Ǻܺúܺõˡжϵ
ǰ
ף΢ЦûûеĽգڵУ͵ûκ𡣡
Ҳףֻˡ
˵Щߣƺˡ
ͷº͵Ҫѧȴ׵Ĳˣͻһˡ
Ĺʱ˱㽫ĹɾӲȫɨȥ
ȫǺˮСһһ飬ǿɰ
ȥ˺ˮϢһɡ
š
ͷԼĸ
򵥶ƽӣ˳ʵûе⽣Ӱûжթеֻǻعƽ͡
˼ķһ̣֪޹أÿգֻŹųƽӡ
಻ԶĴĻʳǣһλλűɫء
λʲôĴڣ
ΨǿߣܸܵʮϢȻԽߵĽޣֵͷ
Ҳǰ취ȥݷһˡ
ʳڣλǿĿڣƽ


1634 
ʳ⣬ʮ֣֪Źס£عƽӡ
ʳǣĻʳλʮַɫ쳣
ĺƽ꣬κ˴ֻǣʮλϢ̫ˡ
뿪ʳǣǰʮ֡
λʳУȴϢ
ʮ֣Ź֣Ʈ㣬Ⱦء
⣬Ŀһڼ졣
һһеνŴϵҫΪİΣһһԡѪսκΣ
Уܵ˵ϢСԴЦˣԼȥһᡣ
ǣ
Ӧһ䣬Լܵһȥˣ
ʱĵ֣ǰ׷ˣɫ΢
ӵˣһƽˮһ߽䱸쳣Ȼ˭û˵
ã¶΢Цýһǰ
ԣɫһܿع񣬹ǰ

ǰϵսףʵ
ǡ
ɫ
ʳǷǲ
ΪôȥѾڣû뵽ѽĻʳԴ
ǰ׷ӣԽϤ
ΪΣܾǰ֮
ͻȻɫһ¶֮ɫ
Ĵ˵еػ֪
ʹǰһ񣬵ݴ٣֪һ˲ϧУںƽ֮У˵ݴϼ֪
ǰӺͻʹǰʵ̫ˡ
ݼ֪ǰ
ع񣬹һвӿ羪Ρ
Ϥ֣¶廳֮ɫ
Ƕܺá
񣬸пغҫҪסƬ
ǡӦ
ȥɣʲôʱҡɫƽ͵
ˡ
һתȥ
뿪ߵԼˣĹǰӣʲôأ

С֦ڵϻȥӦ
ʲôأʵ
ţţ

һĵؿŹûдš
ãһֹ֣ĲţţЩЦ
ˡ
̧ͷһڴ֮ɫ
ò
Цֻǣܸá
˵꣬һ֦ڹĲΪ仭㾦
Ÿ׻ţţƯĴ۾Ĵģ
񡣡
֮ߵСһʵ
񣬵
һ֮ɫ˵
ЦЦҲܰԺԽԽ
Լĸ׿ţСЦĸһ㣬пļˡ
ףܰǰסףǺ«
ãȥ򡣡
ֹС֣
Ļʳǣλۣ˵ʮֵʱ¶֮ɫ
Ĵ˵еػ֪
֪Ȼšڣɫ𺳵
дλǰ񳤵һģһҲû˵ѡ˵
ʱλǰҪжǿ
ɶ
Ӧǰֵͷ
֪ûˡ
ʱλУһλŮӿڣ˵ʮŵҳĳʺ󣬴˵ʺ֪ͬĸӣʮ־Ϊ֪ػ㡣
Ѫº֮
ͷλǰһ֣ʮ֣ȷ֪ˡ
λǰˡ
ŮӣǵѪºĿ⿴ʳ֮⣬ɫص
λҲܵԶǿϢ΢
ĻʳǣǣŹʳǵķ֮й֮޲
ǰϤȴָİĴĻʳǣ
Ǻ«
Сָ֣ŲԶ̯λε
ˡ
ͷŹǰǺ«
ʱԶԿΪ׵λʮ⣬ͣΡ
ʮ̯λǰһǺ«ŹУ΢Ц𣿡

Ӧһ䣬Ǻ«쵽ǣǰԡ
ҧһǺ«ζ͵һģһ
ʮ⣬λǰ׷ˣ˭ǰš
̫ˡ
ֵϣתλ΢ЦýţҪǺ«һȥ
֪ǰ
ѪºǰһѪսޣĿ⿴ǰĴ˵еػ񣬹ҵ֮·ͣͲǰǰָ㡣
ˣ̾ԭΪʱôɻڡ
һսɱҵȻսˣΪƣ
ʱȥʮҰɡ
Ц˵һ䣬Ź뿪ˡ


1635 Ӣĩ·
죬֪ع˼ʱδ֪С磬ǳʥ𾪡
ʥƻʱµʥ̳֣ʥ˵䣬ܿܿɾʹĻᡣ
·ǳҡڳȥųȻﶼĸ֪
ڰУڰ֮īԦСϢҪһش˼ʥˡ
ľ룬ڰ֮գһɫǹ֣ƣļ¡
ī
ڰ֮ì֣ڰ֮ڣƽ
ס
һɷǵİīͷ㣬߲ϼ
һ̣ؼ䣬ڰ֮ìƿն߲ϼƣ˲Ϣʧ
⣬۶ɵĴ֮ϣǳϣͻȻֻͷһǿߵֱϮʶ
䣡
ֻһ̣ϣ߲ϼһڰìƿնֱӴǳŴ
Ѫ֮䣬ǳܿҪȴ˼صĴˡ
Ƭ̺ϣڰϢա
ڰ֮īֶ֣ǿϢ𺳾
ͻɱκλǿĴʥ·Ȫ·
˼ǰߣգĩ·ˡ
īڣһɷǴ˿̾ɱ̧Ԫ߲ʹ⻪е·
ڰ֮У֪ͷλʥ֣濴Сү
֮ϣǳǿѹڵƣĿ⿴ˣɫ£̵
֮ûκκô
ڰ֮˵һ䣬գڰ֮ì֣ɲǺӰʧǳǰ
ڰ֮ìֱӻأʱն
ɱǳûκԥתܡ
ʥǳκ˶Ѳܿλʥˡ
ߣ̫ˡ
ڰ֮ߣŲһ̤Ӱٶӳ
Զī̧߲ϼʢֲö翡
⣬ǳֻͷһӾǶݲܿơ
Ҳһ˲ͣͣ󷽣ڰ֮ɱкڰ֮ìһٲõѪ
ǳηɳϣѪģ˿ɼǡ
˫ʥӢĩ·ʵǿĺڰ֮һλĪīǳнһΣڽˡ
û뵽һֵӡ
·ʧǳѡܣתһǺ۹
Ǻۣһͬаɡ
ǳ񹭣
ǺڻӦ˵ĺ
Ӣĩ·ȴ˿޾壬Цŭһǳ˿ѵ˱һʥԪڣֱֲأơ
ǿԼ³ˡ
ĺڰУڰ֮ǰʥˣ
Զīһԣ׵Ϣǿ˾塣
λǿĴʥ˻ȫѹһضŤ򷨵㡣
ȣ
սУǳһȣŭڣһͷ裬ħƿ
ɱ
Ŀսȫ汬ǳƣÿһγ֣ǻ֮ȻʥҲܾ
¡¡УӰ忪ѪɽȾ졣
Բǳڰ֮īҰִ⣬ȫԸ
вɱѪȾ죬սನ𵴣ȥĿһС
ǳϣԽԽأϵЦȴԽԽãԽԽ
ʹ죬̫ʹˡ
ԭȴһУȫһսĸоʹ졣
һƿգ˺ڰ֮ţͬʱڰ֮еĳìͬǳ
һлһУ󷽣īƾ߳춯صһƣȻǳġ
һƾ飬ǳУѪȴǲŭЦ
ԭͷӵ
֪Сү̽ˣһҪСү
ǳЦһһƣīţʮ־ˡ
īüӰܿ⾪˵һơ
Ȼֻǳƾɢһ̣һɫƿնƿڰʧվͷ
ţ
ڰ֮ī״ɫһ
˼䣬Ļʳ⣬ʮ֣͹ڴ˶գƽӣܰͶƽ
Ļʳǵļλ˵ѧֻǱϵʡ
ڼλ⣬֪޲޲ڣûκβ˽
һж·ֻأ֪Ѫ¼λԴ̣Я󱲣ô֪Կٵĳɳ
񣬵ΪЩʱһ˳£ûκεԥ
յĽλȫջķᣬѪºʮƾݴء
ŮӻλȻʱûܹɼѪºľޡ
һλλĳɳϾο֮ɫ
ۡ
ʱСͻȻһƲ۵ĿҪ˳
ɫһ̽ľ



1636 һ
ʮ֣Уǰǳ͵𶯣̼ӵľ
ı仯ɫһ䡣
ǳˡ
еļŭΣڣħ˫뱾ž֮Ϸȥ
죬һ¡
ɲǼ䣬ݴصİնܵǿ쳣ѹ¶𺳡
ǿУ˼۶ٶȿޡ
ƽѾõģеĳŭѵΣȻ֪Ҳѱ侲
죬δ֪СУ֮սѽҪβǳУǺ۹ѶϣһԡѪľͷ
۵Ĵ֮Ѷϣųɵλʥ˵͵ϮȻǳӢ۸Ըıյˡ
ͬīڰ֮λǿĴʥҲԵ˼ʥ˵Ŀ¡
Զһ͵Ϯȣλʥشȫ˼ʥǿļ֮Ŷء
սϣѪȾ죬һսλʥж˾֮顣
ƴ˼ʥ˿µ𾪣͵ϮȣǺѽ¡
˼ǿߣñĿ࿴ˡ
īڣ߲ʹ⻪ҫɢϵѪԪ׼ǰǿһ
Զڰ֮ͬ˼Ԫڰ֮Ӧֲ֣ĺڰѹʮء
λʥͬʱʥԪһҪս˼ʥ˵
ߵͷʱ̣ǰȻһȾѪʶģǳ¶ЦݣһʥԪӿɫϯء
ȣ
һ춯صĳХǳѪԪΪΪΪңѪ׵һ֡
ѪɫΣӿȣڰС磬ֲܵӰ죬ٴ
սУλʥ˼״ɫһҪˣȻ
ֻϣһԡѪӰ乭Ѫɫâƿն˸ƿʱգתơ
䣡
ֲһλӰ뱻ѪѪɽȾ졣

ƺīڰ֮һȾ졣
󣬴ֱ֮֮ܵףɼλʥ졣
ˣ
īڰ֮һۣٶȥ
ϣȼһ꽫ɢǳʶȻʼɢ糱ˮ㱻پʣΨбܡ
ֿն񣬿˼䣬ǳӰ˼ȥ
ڤڤеǣػ˼䣬ңԶ֮أԽʥǣȻڰ֮Ҳδܲ˼侻
ĵ񽫣Խʥ֮ͻȻһ˫ӿʣ¶𾪡
ˡ
ԽʥһȾѪӰȻ·ûС
Ӣĩ·ǳʶȻɢ価ʧųΨıܡ
ǳ
ǰסҪµǳһǿΣˮ䡣
ߣߡ
˵ĻǳȻľ嵹ڵ񽫻С
Ҫ˵ˣ߽һ㡣
񽫱˵˵һ䣬һԪӿûǰڡ
Ȼһжֻͽ֮ͣű٣ȾǳȻߵľͷֻΪ˿һ档
ԽʥǸһӹյһλλ񽫸ܵǳϢæӸϻء
ǳ
һλλ񽫿񽫻еӰ𾪵
ֳ
λ񽫸ϻأץ˾ݣ
һǰ֮ɫ¡
̫ˣɢ֮أ޷һ翪ڣгʹ
ԣӺݺһˮ£ʪ
죬ӹľ޴ضٳ˳ɫ
ٵϣսĺۼϡɼ˻ΣǰѪӺݺһ
ϵѪδȫɺԣûƬͣΪＫӹ
Խʥǣ񽫱ǳһʥȥ
á
񽫿ڣ죬Ҫ
ȥɡ
һ֮̾УúǳĹϵãǳõĴҲ󡣡
ǣʥ֮ʥǵ黹Ҫϡ񽫵ǵ
ġ
ڶƽһЩʱ䡣
ʱԽʥ⣬죬֪׷ǳؼϢԽʥǡ
ǳ
УζԶʧӰ
ѣ
һǰȥ֪ĽŲƽԽʥǵĵؽ磬ûгκ˲ô
ӵˣϢǿʥ˵֪Խʥǵһ񽫾˿ãסʥҫ


1637 
Խʥǣ֪׷ǳϢȴǱһ񽫵ʥǰ
ҵҲ˲յ꣬Ӳʥǡ
ʱսλԽʥʩΪ춯ء
ʥУڣħ澪˫ںϣһƻء
Ȼ֪λԽ񽫣ֲನХڣҡǳ
˵һĻλԽ֣ǵ֪ȫһơ
սУλԽһ޴ĵų֣֣ʥ˵ܡ
˼֮Ӧ֪ǳԽʥǵĹϵǳȻѡ־һ񽫿ǰ˼乲ƽ
Ҫ
һԪᣬ
ɢȻ˼֮Ҳܻ죬ذɡڶӦ
ɫ£ûٶԣѧˣһƣˡ
ʮ⣬λԽͣΣ̤ٵ˼乲
ժ֣긡
֣ƾ죬˫ǣ
ǳӰ׹䣬λԽ񽫡
˾λԽȾ죬
˲ϢηӳԽʥȥ
Խʥ񽫱ǳһȾѪ˴ۡ
ǰռ񽫱ǳУʧ
ʱ󷽣ռ֮ǰ
˻Σ߳ʧռеˣûκԥûС
ռڣδ֪С磬رãһ˲ʧ˵Ϣ
С羡ͷ񽫱ǳ岽ǰУնѿһ˿ɫʡ
ĪȻԼǿĵһҲѱյ侲ʧأܵǣδ֪硣
󷽣ӹһһС磬ȫѰǳϢ
˲֪ãǧС羡ͷǰһ޴ħ֣ؼ䣬һǳǰ޴Ϣֲ˾塣
ֻǣħϣȻܲκϢ
̫ĻħȻȴѾû
ǰĻħʧĵϲûκξ֮ɫǳʬ׷˻ħǰ
ѪǴӴˣԸ׹ֻأ󣬽һ
ӵ񽫿гɲǣϣѪɢзɳû˻ħڡ
ѪɢǣΪǳԽᾡһУԽʥѹ޾µĻħ
Ը
Уħ˫ۣĳ˯
Ļħʱ綼˲ɫʮأؾ䡣
ã
ԽʥУλԽɫ仯һۣ¶𺳡
ûħ
Խʥѹ޾µĻħվӴ쳣أǳҪ޴
ħǰνɢҪɢؼ䡣
Ϊۣ˻ħʧֻĨȥ
Уħ̧֣ϢûǳڣɵµԼ
أǳȻ΢ȴɸС
񽫿һĻõ¶һĨοЦݡ
ʱ󷽣ζ
ͣΣǰ޴һ۱ϳħݡ
½ЩħԲİ
ֻǣħǶѾΪλħš
˼ǳǰҪ뿪
ħǰɢȥء
Լϣħǰֱ־˹ȥ
Ӵħ֣֮գκط򶼲裬ֲ˺Ȼ
У˼ӹٶȿ쵽ޣԽʱյֱӳ˿ռС
ʱλԽҲˣɫһ
䣡
ռУ޴ħ֮ˡ
󣡡
һɫ仯ںȵ
λûԥԽʥǵķ
ʱԽʥнʢΪһ飬ѹյħ
ǰδľ˴󣬾ħѹ쳣
ǳߡ
һ񽫿һ۲Զˣһƽͳʥǡ
Խʥ⣬ǰɫûʥǣɫڡ
ԽʥǷգ룬ѳֻΪѹ˵еĻħ
Уעãһ̾תȥ
֪ԽʥѹǻħãҲ֪λԽ³Σֻ֪Խʥ˿롣
˼䣬ݣʮ֣˷뱾֮С
С«
ǳľеĴϣڵ
ɳ
С«ɳͷ϶ССѿɰ
ˣҪ¡
˵
С«ܵǳ˿ϢСʱһ࣬ҪѪˡ
ǳôˣ
һԣ̧ͷʵ
ǳˣ˯ˣϢã
Ŵϵֿѣ˵


1638 첩
ʮ֣֪ȻǳС«İ£ȫΪˡ
ԽʥѹĻħΪףת꼴ɢʥ˶˻Ϊ𺳡
ʱ䣬ǳڵʱȶȻԥܴ̫أʱڸ
˼ǿսս㣬ʥ˵黹δֳδ֪Ļħг쳣ȫ˼Բߡ
ݵսֵԽʥѹĻħʵڰ٣һֲĴƳӡǽи鷳
̫ΪֻڤͰħȴǳ˵ʵͷۡ
ľ⣬С«͹ˣ֮ģ֮ܵµӰ졣
ˣص鵹ǺһЩ
ˮڣˣҲãֻ취ȥˡ
ʥ˾ǿҲȻϻħҲȫʤ㡣
Ҷˡ
Ϧ䣬۵ĹСԴ
УС«Լĺ«Ҳһڴؿǰˡ
ʲô
¶΢Цʵ
⡣
ҩ
Сһ˵
Цַתһöݳ֣ɵС«ǰ
С«״ü۶ʱЦĿļˡ
ҲýʮҰﲻ٣һЩһĴ͡
СһԱ˯ˣվҹ£˼
ɳٶȣҲҪϷȫӴ룬һḶ́á
п˰λĿ£֮һӵϵȨ
ҹУעʣɫԽء
ڰϣͬע˼䣬ƽɫһ˿
ʥ̥ĳɳٶȱҪ죬Ҳֻʱ䣬ʥ̥ȫˡ
ʱԽƬأΪһе
ͬʱԽʥǣҫĿӡ׿λԽ񽫼ӳַӡѹħ
Ȼħ̫ǿˣǿĳ
ռУħĿռ䣬һ߳ռ
λԽɫ仯ֻǣҪλһͬӳַԻȫܣ񣬵Ȼ䣬Ҳסħ
ɫķӡռ䣬ڻħ´ѣռÿһ磬ܱһ֡
λԽ񽫻һۣԿ˶Էеľ
ΪԽʥǵ񽫣ԲܷλħƷ⡣
ȻλԽ׼ңӡħʱ˵ĿͻȻʧ
ͬǰʧң˻ħһ㣬λڻħӰ£־Ҳʼ߽⡣
ʱɫķӡռ߽ԽѸ٣ħƷ֮ѽǰ
Σ죬һδ֪СУٶʥҲֹһˣֲʥɢӰ硣
ʥƻʱ˼ǿ̤ʥȡԭʥˣ·ֻʹȻѲת
ʥ˲Ըʹ˳ʷ̨ʼ˼ɵʥˡ
սڱԺڰ֮īΪ׵ʥǿʼ˼ɵʥˣȻ˴ǰǳһµľʾ³ɵ˼ʥڵһʱȥϢʥ˲֮ǰص
Уһλλ˼ʥ˾ǿϢ𺳡
⣬Զ˼ʥ˵ʥն׼
˫֣һֱգȴ˭ûȶ֡
˼λʥǰһǳȹķעǰһλλʥˣɫɱ˿ûΡ
ʥ˲˼ٱֹʱһҪսֻء
𣿡
һϮҴ멵¥ʥ΢Ц

µǣֻ֮£ҪǼӳֻҪǲ֣Ҳ֡
ź
¥¶ź֮ɫΪһϷɿ
ԶǧֳѩȻأϽ죬īתۻ뽣ѹǳ
˼ʥ࣬ȻÿһλǾٳɳϢ£ϵʥϵһλλ˼ʥˣоǼɵ֮ɫ
ڰ֮īڣʮλʥΧ򣬵ȴ֮
˼䣬ʮ֣ڵϻ̣ʯΪӣ塣
ÿһӣطƱᷢ仯ġ
ʲô
һԣʵ
塣ɫº͵
ں˭壿ʵ
졣
ָգһӮƬܶΣȴҲ˺ܶΣһΣ䡣


1639 
죬˼ʥʮλʥ˶ţ֡
ھգ֪ηʥ٣ɫ⻪գʮһλʥ˵þƱøӲƽ⡣
ϣ˼ʥɫ£ԽԽʥˣԽء

ʥǸܵ˼вҪ˼ǿһٽ˼ʥǲ
ٵˡ
ʥǰǧƽ˵һ䣬ɡ
䣬ϣѹڣǧ߳
ɱ
ʮһλʥǰһλٸ˻֣һǹ֣Ӱӳ˼ʥսһ
ʥ֮ս춯أսУҫĿǹâ磬Ĳʧɫ
׵һս⣬˼ʥʮλʥ˽Կһսȴ
սһֱһһҹƬ񷶼飬˾塣
ս⣬ڰ֮עǰսڰ֮ˣһɫǹ֡
ɲǺ󣬺ڰ֮˲սУǹ
ڰ֮͵ϮУ¥΢䣬Ӱǧǰ
Ȫַ棬Ȼºڰ֮Ĺơ
һҵ𶯣սУನƵλʥˡ
͵Ϯڰ֮
¥ǰڰ֮΢Ц
ڰ֮üĿ⿴ǰ˼ʥˣɫ
˸ĸо֣һࡣ
¥ԣǧһָκ
ǰڰ֮кɫǹӹȻ½
һһҹĽս˼ʥ˵ǿʮһλʥԽɵг쳣
ϣŮʣ
ٵȥʥ˻ԽԽ࣬ǳ֮ơ
Ůڣ֪˵ʱ𣿡
ȫǰӦò
ƽֻҪڣλ㲻֣ԣȫ
ˣǣЩʥˣŮŹǵ
ԼӦ
˼䣬ʮַ֣һһɨĹʱŹĹǰɨĹϸŴĹΧӲݡ
ʱʮ⣬һλòŮӴŮͬΪ˸ɨĹ
ˡ
Ůǰİ׷ӺСڵ
˳ǰߵĿ⿴ȥɫ
ôˣ
ʺǴʷϵͺ󣬵ǣֽ̫ãܻк
ŮǰڳʺĹǰйݡ
ŮӣȴûдţŹӲݺҶ
ˡ
һ߰βݣһ˵
ˡ΢Ц
ʶ𣿡ʵ
ʶѽӦ
һ֮ɫؿŴĹǰݵŮӣСֻڲϵذβݡ
ĹǰҲ˲ԶĹ˵Ŀӣ˵ĿЦ
ʮֹɿɰһ۱ϲСӣݹʺǰ
Сܵܽʲô֣ӣʵ


ˣʵ
ָͷһ٣١Һööˡ
С˵ѿɲá˵
û˵ѡӦ
ԶЦЦû˵Ľ̸
ԵŮʱע⵽˲Զ׷ӵݣɫһ

Ůקק߹ż
ף¶ôˣ
Ǹˡ
Ůڵ
ԣǰ׷ӣһͬ¶֮ɫ
֪
̫ˣͻʹǰĵһģһ
Ƭ̺عҪǰѯʣȴּɵǰӿܵݣҿڡ
룬ǰСӣɫº͵㸸𣿡
ѽͷ
㸸׽ʲôأʵ
룬
ԣһһ̣ȷǰ׷˵ݡ
֪
عǰ
¶Цݣ
Ź
ʵӦ
Ҳеھš
ЦЦ£ľŹޱȻʷ鶼˱īȴ佱һλŮӵòʷϼټ
֪𣿡һ㣬ŵ
𣿡
΢Цȷˡ
ǰ׿ڳϣѹ𾪣ʼŵʵ
ǰĴĴ˵Ȼš
ԳĺˣҲܵУ̬ʮֵĺƣһЦݡ
ǰ˺Ƶ̬ȣеĽż࣬˺ܶܶǰ顣
Ҳ֪޲޲ûʲô
ֱϦʱ뿪¡¡ʻʮ֡


1640 ս
ʮ֣ëѩڽ٣·𶼱ɫ
ľǰСĹĵѩ֣ѩ
վڲԶŹϾº֮ɫ
֪ʱʮУһβûдŮһͬǰľǵѪº
ѪºһѪĽս£ճ͹µģҰԶ毺õգ˿ҲòĳŹѷɫ

˵һ
ض񡣡
ЦӦһ䣬ôʱˣ
ЩӣλŹλû˵ҲǣҲȻлܹ
һλǰðײãҲһ
һЩϵ벻ָܹͨ㡣Ѫºɫ
ƿۼֵףǸı䷽ֻҪԼɣκ·ܳɵؼҪԼĵ
䣬ǰѩˤĹЦЦСһ㡣
֪ˣ
ӦһС«һڡ
ѪºǰߵĻ˼֮ɫ
̫ˡ
ӦԼһֱȥ
һԣ̸ڵҸ֪ˣҪһ棬֪ɷعп
ҡͷȥˣڵĴģûҵĹˣȥû塣
ԣĬûٶȰ
ɷָһΡ
Ѫº˼лعĿ⿴ǰݴش˵еɫޱ
Ŀͷԡ
Ѫº֣һɹâҫĿһ㲻Ѱ֮
ѩʥر߽佣Ƚںá
䣬ѪºգԶУһɳɫͬϢǷ
֣סѩʥܵǿɷһĨ
ĽմȾ̫ɱҵǰѪºŮӣȴҲû⡣
룡
ѪºڣУâҫĿ
Ȼһ˫ӣѩ죬ס˫Ŀ
ɢѩУڽһһν棬һˮһǳչΪ
ʮɾ룬ϢûţΨнâ
սУѪºչһΪԽսȴԽľ
Ȼ׼Ȼ֣ᵽǰ֪ǿ
ԭ֮ϣĽ
ٲ죬ȴƽʵѵǿһ㣬УȴԶ޷
䣡
ʮ֮˫ٽӣδѪºֻұһ飬֮Ѳ䣬֮ϡ
¶΢Цֽѩʥ黹
лָ㡣
Ѫºӹ彣
´һǺ«Ц
Ѫºһع񣬽Ӳ¶һĨѵõЦ⣬ͷá
ʮͣ˰ձ뿪ˣѩӡ
ʳУйʮ֮˵ݣ˶в²⣬λʹľŹΰݷãȻ˲òɻ
Ȼȥʮֵȴûһ͸¶֪ݣʮָǳΪ˽أ̤㡣
ֻǣƽǶݣսǲɱĵˡ
ĵı߽ڹԱλ뿪˻ʳǣǰ˱߾
ʮ֣Ӵ˱ð
ѪºӦǺ«Ҳûл
սϣѪºսһԡѪԼɳ
ս׳ʿʮ飬޾µʷųϵսϣѪºǵһҲһ
ϢػʳʱٹʹĵǰΪѪº
ϵλˮ¡
ʮ֣ʻǰľǰԶվİ׷ӣ˵ĸӡ
ˣɴƽ͵Цݣˡ
Ѫºսˡ
ڣֲסıˣ˵
ԣһ̾𣬿ϧˡ
óһǺ«ߵǰǺ«ݸ˹
Ѫµŵԣֻ֣ʵ֡
лл㡣
ӹǺ«Ӧ
ԡ
СԴվһƬ֪˵սʱֹͣ
ҡͷҲ֪ܾǰʹ⣬һֱգһûҵ𰸡
Ƕ𣿡
б֣
ᡣ
ƽˣ񣬻ʥ˶лһ죬ض޷㣬οֻ࣬ҪĻţ¡
Ѫ£Ľ
˵һҲ֤ʵܣ˸е֮ôŬΪֻΪһ׷ϵ


1641 
ʮ֣ʱţת۾֪Ѿꡣ
Ѫºս϶һλʬǧǴյдա
ȻˣһһԹ޻ػΰĹȡ
һĿʳ⣬¡¡һرʮ֡
ϣ£һλ£أϢȴʮֲ
ֻʮ£ͷȴѰ˴룬һƣ֮ɫ
ʣСһЩ
Լĸʣĵ
Ļһǰ

ĻʿŰ׷ӣ
岻ãͲҪˡ
ǰĻʳɫƽ͵
ôãǰݷá
ĻʿڣɫпױźĴ˵û뵽ҵüݡ
´ʲô𣿡ʵ
ʺʮǻλʮأԳнӴͳʼûһ̸ҷ޲˵ԼǧȴԲǻΪΣҴսҲϣĻһ֮ɫ˵
±عףǺ¡
ǰʮͷ׷ĴĵѧȨ
Ļԣ¶֮ɫô򵥣
ô򵥡
ɫƽΪỹǾ᣿
ĻʳĬƬ̺󣬻شᡣ
񷽹ͬԾ󣬾󡣡
ԶỹǾᣬԥˣʵУվΪᡣ
ĻĬûӦ
תǰˣ뱱ɵľʦһҪƶٴʢĵĿͬȻǸʱ򣬴ĺͱͥȴĲɿ˵Ϊʲô
ͬĻʻش
ͬ
ƽбɺʹģ֮͢䣬ͬŲͬǣͬŶʱĵľΪ󣬰ΪΪҲսҾͻࡣ
Ļԣ˼֮ɫãһ񣬵̡ܽ
ȥɣĵܳܶ࣬ѧὫȨŸǣͬҲȨŸգʱҲôۡȰ
ĻʵͷһԣԼĸȥ
֪ʮֵʱ죬˼ʥʮһλʥ˵ĶҲ˽ֵļޡ
ν֣˫˭ûռñˣ˼ʥȻȫʥãȻһ·ӷ˴ʥ˾磬սԶʥ˿ɼսȫʮ־ˡ
ϣڰ֮󣬺ɫìâӿעе˼ʥɱ˿Ρ
УʥǰӰѡԳ֡
㣡
ڰ֮ǰŮӣǵ㡣
Ͽգעǰڰ֮»ʢ
С
µ˵һ䣬ɡ
ڰ֮ԣ¶ŭɫӰ˲ǰ
ɫì°׹⻪һ̣ڰѸɢ
֣һָȴǸʤκֱץסɫì
ȻһɫìӦ٣ڰ֮ɫ΢䣬֮źȻڰ˲ޡ
һƣڰ֮ˣҪشǰŮӡ
̤ܿƾԪֱӹǰš
˵һĻѪɽ죬Įؿǰڰ֮Ҹ߿ˡ
˵꣬»ڣֱӽڰ֮ɳȥ
⣬ڰ֮ͣ½ŲһѪŻһɫӿ޸ơ
бڰ֮ʮλʥɫ־ŭĿ⿴ǰ˼ŮӣоǼɵ
ϣ¿ǰʮһλʥˣҪ𣿡
ʮһλʥɫѿ쳣ͬΪʥˣǰŮӵǿѾ
³˰Գ֣ܹѹƵŮӡ
һ
ʱһֱûпڵīǰƽ
֪˵ʦ𡣡
עǰɷǵİߣɫĮ
ھӲ˱Ԥϡ
īڣ΢ЦʤʦĻһ֡
ˣûˡ
䣬Ӱ˲⣬ʥֻһĨ»Ĳ˼顣
īɫҲһ߲ʹ⻪Ϊȫ
߲ʹ⻪УӰͻȻͣ£Ӿǲܿơ
ī߲ʹ⻪УǰŮǰ
ˣ㻹̫żˡ
ī̧֣߲ʹ⻪ڣǰŮӡ
ԭ
ʱ岻ܿƵķһĨЦѹǳԸҲҪͳһߵʵȻǿµҲǳұǿ
һ䣬ֱ̧֣ӿסīҼ磬ֱӳԶɽ˦ȥ
䣡
һǧ⣬һɽ嵹ʯꡣ


1642 Ψһ
죬ʮһλʥ˷ѣΣ֮ʣԳ֣شڰ֮
ʥ˲࣬ȻԵʵ֮ǰûĲࡣ
ڰ֮ˣī֣֪ʦһأ׽͸
īûκζԣ̤»ҫĿ
磬˺գī֣ߵʵԻֵС
룬һһȴܴ졣
ΪǳǺ𣿡
ߣ̽סīֱ˦ɳȥ
һɽ٣ʯУīͣΣ̧߲֡
ɷԲȱ
ī̧֮䣬¡¡򷨱仯һ޴³ؼ䡣
֪ûʵ֮ϣȱڳ֣ͬʱ˺˼ʥ˵
¾Уľܣɫ쳣
ҵ֪һ䣬ҵȣ˭ҳɣ
˵һ䣬գɲǣ쾻ҵ֮Ϲ񽣾ҵ̫Ӧ
ֵһ̣˲˫֣սֱһն¡
׵Ľʥϣһλλʥ˿ǰŮӣв֡
Ůǿ
һֱǶΪǿ֮˱λ֮û뵽֮⣬˿ֲ˼ʥˡ
ٵɽУīɫҲ˫ַͬʱ
ɷ졣
ֵɷԽˣ¡¡硣
˼䣬ʮֵ̧֣ͷʣĿɫ
ɷλʦʵԽԽǿˡ
ĶֿǸµŮˡ
һϵŮˡ
дĶԲԡ
̧ͷС¶Цݣѯʵ
ԣдá
񣬿Źѩдµ֣΢Ц
õ׵Ŀ佱СϵЦԽãȥļˡ
죬죬ɷ
ϣ̤⣬ӽն֮ī
ӰΣǷ·ǣ治ᡣ
ӰܿµΧɱ⣬ֹͣɫӦ
ŭ֣ǧˣΪȻײ֮
Ȼ˫£һನֱһҧסīײء
䣬䣬䣡
ֲŭײϴغ󣬰Ӧݣ
ٵĴУīѪε¡
ϣע·ɷǵߣһ̤ûκ֮⡣
֣
ʱīڣ
ŲߵīҲϿˡ
˵䣬ϣһλŰµӳ֣񻷹⻪ҫĿѹǿ
ӳ֣У˼ʥɫһĿעʵİӣ¶ɫ
£̹С
˵䣬Уһȳ֣ҡ䣬𶯡
ϣתƾ߳ĵʮλʥˣɫһ
˺ǿ
ʥȻǣʵͬڲࡣ
ǿڤͰȻԽʥ˵ķ룬޿ɺ
λϵ֮£λǿʥˣʵԶѰʥˡ
ǰӣʱ֮һ
ƿʥˡ
ϣ¥ʣɫ
ƻΪ˵Ĵɽ٣ѵı׽١
ǰİӣƿʵȻ¡
Ͽգ¡ĿӣɲǺӰͬʱʧ
죬Ѽ֮٣Ȼޡ
ͬһ°׹⻪ƵķٶǼ죬նҵ֮նһ谭޼᲻ݡ
˽ӣתǰУ⣬˼ʥʮһλʥ˿⾪˵һսɫԽ𾪡
Ůܸϰٶȡһλʥ˿ڣ
Ǹܵ·µĹơ
ϣ˼ʥͬ𺳣ҵ̫ܣν޼᲻ݣǸƿʥܳųְУ˿·磬ʵʵ¡
䣡
Ͽգ˫ʥսսನ𵴣»뾻潻棬Ĳ񷶼ʧȥɫʡ
УսֻΪ׺ֲݡ
۷£֣Կƿ죬˿ãӲǿʽ
һսУ˫ʥײұۣѪɽȾ¡
Ůˡ
˼䣬ʮ֣һ֣һ˵
иõİ취ǸŮ˷Ҫڶǿܣʵϲ
ʱ
Ϊ뷲½ǱӮĻᣬˣͬˣΪ棬ɻʤִˣͬ˫ΪС󷨵ĲƣȻˣˣı¾Ƶ˷ʤ
Ψһ£ţ˿ơ


1643 ƾ
죬£ƿʥ˽֣ٶƿľ棬±١
٣Ĳ˼飬ٶȺƻ˵İ˿ã࿹ٶȺƻƴ
н棬ʤѷ֣ʥΪƽɫ֮ʱսУһײ𣬰ұۣһѪɽȾ¡
׶ܴٲ⣬ұϵĽˣ¶ɫ
ʮˣ˼ʥˣǵһñ֮ˡ
˵һ䣬Ȼӹʱ죬Ϊ޴޷ǰɶȥ
ɫ޶ԣ̤ܿޣĿ䣬ٴǰ
ҵ̫ӹ°׹⻪Ȼն¡
ɫһȴ򿪣Ȼ֮
ǿҵĳսУ˲ޣѳµĻ֮
ΪʥһʽԵ˲԰ףΨԴķ򽻷棬ʤ
ƿʥˣսȻԽ˾ʥˣ޽ӽڤͰľ磬Ȼ԰ֻعķ£ռϷ硣
䣡
սУҵ̫֮ȲϽ棬һһɢ硣
УʥעʵĴսɫԽ𺳡
̫ǿˣ˵սȻԽʥˡ
ݵһˣ¡
ʥǰǧ俴Ͽգѹ֪֮ߣۼ֪֪˿顣
֪ǼһŴγԿŮˣ򵥡
¥ڣ΢Ц֪ԸӦöرǣŮȴ֪ķڷɼ֪Ůг˶Ŀ
һԣؿʣû˵
Ψʶʵ֮ˣᵽŮĿ£ǴŮԪĿˡ
¸ӦңһΣ²ǵˡ
䣡
˼ʥп֮ʣϣֲĳٶȱսУٶȱˣ졣
棬нϣѪ䣬쳣
һ˴սƿʥ˽·磬ƾԡ
ս⣬īڰ֮һۣѡʥԪˣ׼֡
У˼ʥиУɱ
ʥǰṲ̊˲Ͽա
ǵĶᡣ
˵䣬Ůħӿħ֣ħһŭϯ졣
ħڰ֮ɫ£þ˵ħλϵڤˡ
Ů㲻س֡
ʱսУ¿ڣоҵ̫ޱȵ°׹⻪ƾ춯ء
֮
ǰδ֣֮ԷΪģҵն֮ӣء
ս⣬һλλʥ˸ܵǿѹɫһ䡣
»ҫ۶Ŀ»ģն˿裬̫ŮٷֲϢ˲
ˣ
Įľ棬в֮˿Σ¿ǰʮλʥˣһϢޡ
սУһӰӹٴγ֡
䣡
ֻ»һѪɽӰֱӱɳȥѪȾ졣
ϣͬڰ֮īڵʮһλʥ˼״һۣͣ
ˣ
һ£ʥˣҫ۵ĽУʥʧ
ϣ¿ߵʥû׷ϣһϢ
У˼ʥһˡ
Իȥӳ򡣡´ƽ
˼ʥͷȥ
ʥ뿪ǣһĨѪ䣬˴ۡ
ǿʥˣǿ緲£Ҳ˲ˡ
αسǿǰ

ƽĳɳҪʱ䣬Щʥֹš
ˡ̾
ްϢձɡ
ע˼䣬ܸоʵҲڲϵٹãܻ֮š
ʮ̧֣ͷʣǸܵĿ⣬¶һĨЦݡ
ڣܷĴ뿪
㡣
ǰתߴٵøɨĹˡ
ã
عǰ
ĹǰһһСӰΪĹɨҳһգδϡ
ʱӰתۼ䣬ǧȥ˼ǧ꣬ǧʱ䣬ԸıһС
Ĵģǧ꣬ʼ·һһԡѪսɸı䲻ⲻĻʳ˥䡣
Աǿ֣̤ĵĽĴıشꡣ
ս𣬷ٱĵÿһ置Ĵû䡣
ʮУ͹ʼû֣߳˼鲢ָ档
ûоԵĲ࣬Ȼһ漣
ڣԱ˴ĵĻʳǡ


1644 
ģǣܱ߹ΧԱΪ׺
ĻʳУأһս£ȾѪ
ʳڣҲˣԻ͵ĻʳһϦ㵹Ҳûз֮ա
ܿĻʳҲĻʱ̡
ϣʮֵķãĬ
վûг֡
ʮ֣ΪɨĹĻ́ͷԼĸףڵǺ«
ԣͷãȥ򡣡
˶һͬŻʳȥ
Ļʳǣűţ߹Χǣǰб
ʱ⣬һһСӰĲӣսԵø롣
ǰһλ׵Ľ쿴ˣüͷ
ù
׽ڣ
ǣ
һλʿӲùͲ
׽乭Ӳƿն
֮ƻֺ꣬ɳ쫷磬ס
עŵһн˷֮ɫ
Ȼ򱱷ɵĿ֮㷢˱仯
һڿԶһһСӰʱȴֱɢΣ쳾ɳɢûκβ
˵һĻ𾪣ǵĽʹĵĿΪݴǿߣһ֮£޷Ǹ˵
ĻʳǱ£ǣŹǰյĳţŲûͣ¡
£ƻۣƶߵ˳ϡ

лع񣬹
ҪǺ«߶ˡ
ڣ¶Ǹ
֪ߵСкԥһ£ƹĿ⣬֣ȴΣ֮С
תŴĻʳ·߹ƽ꣬ҲֻͬǣʱͬգĴģѾ̫ˡ
ԣ¶֮ɫ
ػģΣˡ
˵һ俴ƺܲεĻŹ·ȥ
ĻʳУѻ쳣ĸڼտֻ֮Ī˵Ǻ«ǽֵһЩĲׯ궼ѹš
սı̫̫࣬ĻʳȻսˣȻĻʳǣҲϦ
ʢ˥㲻ĴȻһ˼漣
֪˾ĽͣĴе˽գȻһٹ⣬վ˽ʱ̡
ĴĻʳǣ͹߱˴СС֣ûҵǺ«̯λЩʧ䡣
λϲ֪Ǻ«𣿡
סһæ·ˣʵ
ͣ²ӣǰˣͷʲôˣĻⶫġ
ϲ£ԣΪĸǲί˺ӡ¶Ǹ⣬˵
̾ɡ
˵꣬˱ǰ·Žֵͷȥ
ǣŹϣֵͷһªǰͣ¡
ƿţߵ̨ǰȼɲֽһЩǷ˹Уʼ
վһԣĵؿšѧţ֪Ҳĺܳʱ䣬ж򲻵Ǻ«ˡ
ʱ˰ǣɽ髴ãմ֭һǺ«ˡ
͹ˣ˴ǰǺ«ΪЩֵ
лϲ
ӹǺ«лһ䣬Ǻ«ݸ˹
лл
С¶ĵЦݣǺ«
ˣһؼҰɣˣҪܡ˿ǰ׷ˣ̾
ţһǱȥͷ
һԣĵسǺ«С֮顣
˿ǰϵЦݣɫԽӡ
ۣò׹һЩӣִҲٹ죬ǶҪΪūˡ
ٴ̾һӣôôࡣ
Ĭûлش
ʱǺ«ٶȳ˵лŹ뿪
ĽֵѼɼżһˣҲɫҴңҶͣ
Ϥľ͵ıΧʱһģһͬǣʱѾı䡣
Ļʳ⣬߹ѾʼǣϣԿΪ׵ĴĽȫػĳǳأΪˡ
УǣŹĬĬţһԲ
ƺܵ˸׵飬Ҳɵû˵š
ڴ֮ʣĶѾ׷ĻʳУһĨٻӰһͷ˿Ѿѩס
ʱأĺѩٶȹֻǣһж˷ǡ
̫ϣĺѩ˫Ҳһ˿еĲÿһ˪
ĺѩع飬أУ˫򶫷
ĺѩˡ
⡣
ʱֻصһе㣬ֻǣһΣвͬ


1645 
Ļʳǣѹýʱ̣ܹı䡣
УŹǰУķ⡣
ĶĳǹַŵأĺѩȻΪ̵Ļĳǣƽпһ˿
Ǽǣʱأĺѩվǻˡ
ãĺѩתĻʳǵķ

ͬʱĻʳУиУĿ⿴˶
Ŀײ˼δ֪
Ƭ̺󣬻ĳУĺѩӰƾʧټ
ĻʳǣĽֵϣһĨٻӰ֣µϢڡ
ǰǣŹǰֵŮӣһĨӵ⡣
վҲʥˡ
ζţѲĺѩʮ֮һ̫
ͬĺѩҲڿǰԶˣãƽþò
þòӦ
һֻأͬɱˣһԵټԹิӡ
ɱ𣿡ĺѩڣ˵
ưܵĴĻʳǣҡͷȵȰɡ
ĺѩͷҲûż
Ź뿪˴Ļʳǣĺѩں棬һͬʮȥ
˺󷽣߹վǹ˴ĵĻʳǣսĻʳǸ֮һ档
ܴȾգܿܣ˲пᡣ
Żʳǣǰȥʼնûлͷ
󷽣ĺѩǰӣпһ˿
飬ʱΪ̫ǣ¡
ػ˰Ĵģʹȴϳָ棬ǣʵ¡
ʮ֣׼òˮдˡ
濴ǰĽ㣬۾һգգ
ĺӣ
ĺѩʵ
š
ͷҺڤ֮ĺӡ
ڤ֮
ĺѩԣɫһţ컯Ūˡ
֮ʥһƲû뵽ȴǺڤ֮˺ӡ
˲顣
ϲˮ
л
ĺѩӹˮӦ
ˮȣĺѩкܿڣ΢΢Щ࣬һ˿˻ζ
ֻˣĺѩƷһڲ󣬿ʵ
š
ͷǶ졣
ѵüͣ¡ĺѩ˵
¶һĨ΢Ц˼ǿ߱ǡ
Ϊɱʥˣĺѩʵ
Ϊش
̣һû䡣ĺѩɫ£
ҪԼֵĶӦ
ĺѩеĲ豭Ŀ⿴ܴĴĻʳǣҲƴػĵطΪ֮
Ĭûлش
Ľأ
ĺѩûмʣɨľݣʵ
򡣡
ʵش
ûнΪҵĶ𣿡ĺѩɫĮ
ǡӦ
Ҳ顣ĺѩ
š
ף顣
ĺѩľȥ
ʮУĺѩ󷽣档
ĺƮ㣬
ĺѩСָ
СУעǰŮӣգҶۣΪһںɫ㽣
룡
ĺѩڣƽ
룡
Ӧﲻһ˿⣬һսȴ
ͬĺѩϣɱڣս
ʱһƬҶС磬Ŀһ˲Ӱͬ
̫ϳʣĿ񽣷âף顣
У㽣ӭϣȻһ̫񽣷â
һн棬ĺѩӰ˲ʧӦ֪
֮ٶ˫սĺѩ㾡Ϊ
̫ն䣬âɣֻǰ֪ӰͬʧĲ˼顣
˼٣Խޣתۣ㽣ն䡣
䣡
ٽӿСʧɫ
ٽ棬ǿ죬ǿ죬쵽ʱնŤ
££Свײļ˵Ӱ
ػʥ̫ʵ̫ȻԽѰʥˡ
̥ǵ̫ϣ˿Ҵ⣬ȫʩΪ

ͻȻ۾һŴһڽ룬ѪȾ¡
ʥķˣվٶȵĽаһ˿࣬޿ֲ
Ѫ˴ۣ棬ʶ޾£֮ȴ顣
Ȼһƣشǰ֣ĺѩ׹ʢӰڿն
ɲǣ콣ۣΪ޴ĽȻϢ˲
תۺϣĺѩ˫Ӱ˲ʧ
ӿֲٶȣֱ˺ʱգ֪ǰ
Σ˼ڣ˫Ի󣬼ٳźȥ
Ȼһ
̫֪һٴĿ졣


1646 
ʮ֣ɼС磬ٽ棬սȡ
֮ĺѩٶ˫ش֪
̫񽣹ţѪǿסΡ
ڵķ輫ٵĽ⣬ϣĺѩ𶯣ٶȿš
ǿ̫ϣٽ٣ľ磬ʥˣ޽ӽ֮ľ硣
ǿĶ֣޽֪·磬ش
СУһƬƬҶ룬޺Ѫ
̫񣬰ֻأգһжԹ˽ˡ
ĺѩУ̫ڣĿ
Ӧʶ޷̽飬쵽¶޷¼ֹͣ
ߵıܣӽȥȻ֮Уվˡ

˫µĽϮһƺߣ
ɽѪȾϵҶ죬Ѫ졣
бս֣Ԥ֮У޽֪԰ֻع̫֮
һս޿ɱ⣬˭ûֻ֣ҪʤĲɱ
㽣֮ϣѪ䣬ܴȻʥҲȫȻӰ졣
ڣƿ޸Ȼǰ
䣡
죬죬ٶȵĽ棬״ȫ·磬һһεĿ£Ψиصơ
֪ңü˼١
ԭٶ֮ϣٶȣ𼫾ڡ
Х죬Ͽգ޴ķӰԻ̫Ѫȴʧ
ȣ
УһȣԪڣ
İ׷˴ĿѪӿӰҪ
ţ
սУĺѩ״ɫ΢
̫飬һꡣ
Դ˾ĺѩ̫ʽ̤ת񽣻ҫ
ŭֽĺѩ֮Уһն䣬ǧ
֮޼᲻ݣӰ£ӽֵֻ㽣٣꽣
һ죬С磬쳣
ذ׵ȾѪһģ޸ٶȻϻٶȡ
ϣﱯ޴˫𶯣ѱ档
ǿ̫ϣĮһһʽɱԡ
ɵУĿɽƺܵ˵ΣȴǱľʣԳ
ɵǰ¸ܵ˵ɽ춯ɫ΢˼䡣
Σգ
Σա
ħӿŮɵеĿɽɽɡ
ء
ҡͷƽȻסĽĿģǲܸľ
ǣɽʾȻΣաŮ
³ĬƬ̺󣬿ڵȻѡκκֻԼе
侲ȴĻһǰɱ˴İıɾʦᱻҡ
ŮһǰᶨŮӣվûٶ˵ʲô
ò˵ǰŮӺ֪Ƿӡ
Ա˺ݣԼݡ
ʮ֣СУܴ˱ıԵ
ϣӰȴ档
ĺѩеӰ񽣻ӹ磬Х
ΣǰСУȾѪӰӰǰ
ȻѪӿѳų֣ʼ١
ѪˮСÿһ䣬޶
ĺѩһĻƬ̺ɫͻȻһ
ԣ
ʵӦԶֹˡ
Ȼʧ˽߷Ŷԡ
ʮǰľУ°׷Ӱ̧ͷ˷֡
ڿʲô
ֵĹڣɻ
ûʲô
ջĿ⣬Źд֣дɡ
š
ͷɵӦ
ľ⣬ºڷӰľݣؿŷ֣һħȴͬǿ
ʮ֣СڣӦսķ٣Ѫ졣
һ̣УֲȼÿһѪԻΪҵ棬С綼
ͻı仯ĺѩɫ£˫գŭХѩ죬Ҫ֮
Ȼʼֹ
ε־翣С仯תΪ硣
ӿȵУԡ𣬷졣
ͻƼޣ˵һĻУһĨº췢Ӱƾն֣һԣס
˷棬У֮ų֣Ѹʵ
һ̣УʥиУ׷׿˼䡣
ɹˡ
򣬶ɵǰŮлع˵
µͷɫƽûаֲ
ûá
ʮ֣ȼյСУº췢ķ߳ϵİ׷ٻӰڵõˡ
δӰ˲ʧתۣ˲̫ǰ
գҶɽһն䣬쾪ر䡣


1647 
ʮ֣Ʈ㣬
ȼյСУ˳ɵ׷档
ɵ̫Ļħ̫ս䣬Ѫ˼䣬㲻ࡣ
Ȼ޾£񳯣˼䣬󺣣ƿֲ𺳡
Уº췢Ӱ߳һ߳Խµĳӣ̫ǰ
춯صһǿ죬쵽ת˲㽣ն䣬ĿѪޡ

һ̶²ĺѩ磬ѪӿȻͷܿҪ֮ȴ˲ˡ
һȻɵ̫ϣٶ·硣
ͬڻħҲǼǿĴڣ˿Ѹؼǿʥˡ
һ֣˿ûָ֣Ԫ档
ʱڣ֣֮ûС硣
Уƿգɱ̫ϡ
ĺѩὣУֻһ죬
ʢķˣɵֵĺѩƣ޸ơ
̫飬Ԩ
֪ɱ䣬ĺѩأһȣ⻪
̫飬µĹǹΨ̫ϣƿء
ּ̫ʱСУޱ޼ʵĻް٣Сóѹеһз
˵ѹ棬תбս֡
ϣº췢֪ܵΧطĸı䡣
ͬؼ٣ȴ֣֮ްСУԨ˲
С緢仯ĺѩ޴Ľٶٶ
̤ƣΪ޴ķ𵴣ٶͬޡ
䣡
ˡ̫ϣȻײʱ˫֡
ʮ֣Сѹ˴սನ𵴣ɢ
ʱʮǰ֮Իħס𵴵ྡྷ
һ̣ʮУ֯𣬷ǿա
ʮǰľǰ°׷Ӱ߳ʣһĨ
ĺѩʵ־ˡ
һսô׷ֳʤ
𣿡
һԣºڷħڣҪңˣ̫ϣͬʥˣĪҪΪһԵ֣ǰĳԹ
֪ô
գ˵̫ϣǻиҪҪ
Ůѣºѡ
ħ꣬־֮ˡ
ڤڤ˴Ҫܳʱ䷽ܹ޸ǣȱǱʱ䡣ش
ħĬûٶԡ
ǵļƻУŮɻȱ֮ˣΨеظ־˽ֻ꣬ǣŮٳٲǵļƻƶ
ǿգһſŴ֮䣬һһɹһһײƼ侪ˡ
轣
սȣһȣΪ飬֮٣ġ
ǿռ䣬ſŴǻΪ콣ɹҵƣȥ;һС
棬ĺѩ״̫תâ죬｣âӣǿա
䣡
µײٶȳһſǳȥһƬƬ
ʥ֮ǿ޿Ͷǻ֮ܡ
̫ٱƴѷ֣ҵĽݻΪճ־õǧ֮ս򵽲񷶼ʧȥɫʡ
̫Ϻͷ뿪ʮֺʮٶȻָƽոһս̹ʶ֣ÿʱڶȥĹǰɨĹ
Ȼ̺ǣȴؿС
˼ֱ֮ۿԼŮǧ꣬ͣ˽ŲרעŹɳ
ûʶˡ
һһգ֪˶գʱֵĹڵ
֪ˣ
еСľС˻
ӣϵɾǣŹС߻С
ʱʮУƣһĨº췢Ӱ֡
ķԡѪϢңʾŹȥһεȲҵĴս
ľǰħӿħ߳ķƲᡣ
ŵסҪʱڣƣ
̫أɱħ
ҡͷƽʤ˰УȡĴ֮űնϣ㲻Ҳ˷ˡ
Ŷ
ħԣԨһĨ⣬˵̫Ȼڡ
ľڣְֽ̹дֵͻȻһ٣Ѵ
ǿһɹѪȾ¡
ȻһһŻķϵĴϿգѳųֵĺѩ׹£֮ϡ
֪飬ն̫ϵĴ֮ţȥŵĸ


1648 ħ
ǿվͷߵԭʼϣһԡѪĺѩ׹ϣԹȥ
֮űնϣĺѩ˼صĴˣǰֻعΪ
ȻȻˣĺѩൽ;ƿ̣֮һйʱĿܡ
֮һʥ˵ĸȻʥˣһ֮ű٣ѵĽ֡
֪˶ãߵԭʼϣĺѩǿĳǰȥ
ȾѪİɫȹ˴ۣ̫̫ϣҪսʱ̡
ֻǣĺѩȴϷӲشӣһһǰС
ͬɵ̫־˰ֻأ̫֮ǿԶԶԽѰʥˣҲˣڱ֪նϴ֮ź󣬻ǿܳų
ʱһһչȥĺѩϢԽԽ΢߹ÿһϽȾѪ
ڣĺѩҪųֲס֮ʱǵľͷһȾѪħ̨֡
϶ΰħ̨﷽Բ̨ϣѪ洦ɼϢǿ쳣
޾µħ̨ϢԶ̫ʱ﷢˲Ϊ֪ս
̨ϵѪǵħ¡
ĺѩΪǿʥˣ¶ʱڣʶ̨ĴڣΣʱ̣ħʥء
ħʥ˳ֵǿڣʮУڤͰʵݱǻħǿƥ˿ɼ
ħ̨ǰĺѩѳų֣¡
Ѫʳӡ
ĺѩΧѪħ̨ʱħ̨ͻȻգʥ˵Ѫǿ󣬼˳Ѿõħ̨
أħ̨ϣսһһԭʼǡ
ս¾ħ̨һ̣˼죬ڵһλλʥиУ¶ɫ
ǿϢ
䣡
սǿ֮ϣһ춯صħܣϳΧķӡ
ΪһԽʥǣӡ̫ʱǿڣȴΪӡĲȫȻסеĻʥˡ
ӡڣҵĳһһÿһεĳԽʥǵķӡ֡
ʮ֣ľǰиУǿգɫ΢
ɲԤУʲôµĶҪˡ
򣬶ɵǰĿͬǿգ
սдŲ飬ʲôõԤס
ħ̨
ϣ̫ʱĿ⿴˼䣬ž֮ɫ
Ϊħ˲֪ħ̨Ĵڣ̫֮ʱ̨ϣմȾ̫ħѪ
û뵽ʱħ̨ս
˼䣬ǿվͷϵԭʼϣħ̨գսһһ
Ѫħ̨ĺѩȻڵ̨ǰȻħ̨Ѫĺѩȴǽȶ
ʲôˣ
սУһּ𣬲޵
֮ࡣ
ڶɣ𣬻ش
ܽСϣ᲻ġ
Զǿ
ѪǣȻѪܻȣ˵ҲôǰĲɣٶ˵
޴ֱ΢࣬ħ־¡ĵŭ
ˣˣˣ
ħ̨ϣսϻصһλλħ־ܵʱþ
΢࣬᲻ģ
ˡ
սУһλλħ£֮ʧ
ʮ֣ʱһһչȥǿվͷĲҲƽ
ʮʼû뿪ƽӣûΪκı䡣
һգʮ⣬ѩ֨ѽһ˴̶
ʱʮ֣ϣһλòָ߹Ů
Ů󣬽һλͲĺͯҲǰߺͯľݡ
ľѿ֪
Ůߵľǰеˣ
һԣͯͬɫȴ˼ֹ˼ֺ档
ľУ߳ǰһһСˣƽǣ
ͥľѿλǰܣľ˹ҲĽͥĽ𵶿ɺľѿǰ˵еɫԽ
֪ǰӼͬһ㣬ӵŸıһеʵܴ⡣
ԭǽͥĴСɺ
˵һ䣬ʵǲˣѾѲתҲָ档
ľѿԣһ۾ɫ֪Ĵ˵ױжţһ鴫
һЦԸ˵ȥɣ԰պһЩ
˵꣬ûٶԣתľС


1649 
ʮ֣תǧ꣬ǧʱ䣬׺ɣ
ֳһЩԼĸ׶ʶ֣ϰ䡣
Լȫڸ˹Ϊ֮
ǧʱ䣬ڷ˵ңɼǶڴʥ˵ֻǵָһ˲䡣
ʥ˵Ԫ޾ȻʥˣȴΨһʥ̥Ȼǧ꣬òû̫ı仯ֻ΢һЩ
˼꺢ͯͣҲʼЩƤʱ׽ŪС«ʮֵһЩСеʱԼܳȥֱʱŻ
ڹɣֻǽһЩΪ˵ĵĶɹԼᡣ
ǧУĵĽͥҲȸĳսһһαƽ֮ס
սƽΪ˼㲻ֻأһһΣܹı䡣
굽ʥˣһֱϣİٴʢʼûеֻҪ˵ĵطսƺԶֹͣ
ȻȻˣûзȴŰٴʢĵ
㡣
ʱʮ⣬ﱧһԼӲСϾ˷֮ɫ˵
㣬ˤˡ
¶ƽ͵΢Ц
ϳԿɡ
һڴ֮ɫ˵
š
ͷӦ
ҹɫ٣ľǰϼ֧ܣΪ㡣
ɵһԣ۰Ͱ͵ؿϵĴ㣬Ŀˮ
ʱǰɫ΢Ŀ⿴˲Զķ֡
ڰҹգߣУһôһλŲȹСŮضĿؿǰꤣȴǲǰ
óСŮѾܾûгԶȹЬӶ𣬿ȥˡ
λС㣬ˣȥһòã
ǰڣ˵
ԣУСŮ󣬹ɵص˵ͷá
˵꣬ŷСȥ
ûСŮСŮ󣬻Щ£˵
ҲûżֻǶСŮЦЦ˺һС⣬ݸСŮ
԰ɡ
ҹƮˣСŮѵʳջ󣬽ӹ⣬С
żﻹС
ִ˺һ⣬ݸСŮ˵
СŮӹ⣬ųţСϵˮ¡
㲻ޡ
һԣ֣ȥСŮϵˮڵ
δ֪СŮΪⰲҹһ˿仯СŮÿһ⣬ٵȥһ飬ֱСŮҡͷ˵Ҫˡ
ܴСŮûгԶ٣ʣµĴ󲿷⻹ùˡ
СŮŹǲ꣬СϾ֮ɫڡ
˵ʱҪһЩ
һݸСŮ˵
ҳԲˡ
СŮҡͷ
ԣŽһԵĸɸɾ
ʲô֣
˳ԱΪ˲ɾϵۣʵ

СŮػش
Ŀһܿջ񣬵㸸ĸأ
ǰߵ⣬СŮٶˮ̣ˡ
ĬƬ̺˵ԺҰɣԸ𣿡
ԣһعʹͷԸ⡣
СŮȻףȴҲףһ˸ܻȥǰĶԸھһ
¶Цݣûٶ˵ʲô
ӣʮֱһСŮȻֻ꣬ȴǱȹҪһЩ
ǶøжԵƤĹչ˵΢
һչĽ㣬ȻҲǿģÿСβһں
ƽУÿ˽Сһд֣ϰ۵
棬˵Ĳͬ
ʼϻۣʲôһѧ̵ͨıһЩ
ԶԣҪ˲٣ֻһ

ļ£ȻԼ֪ΨһĵȻ䡣
֪ɺϻʲôڵڳˣϽνһǧ
ںʮսǰ뿪ʮһ죬ʱһɫĶʯʯ
죬ÿ춼æÿιǰᱻѵߡ
ίȴҲûȥš
죬һչ˹˺ôŽίСһ忪ġ
ڣʮյĵ죬Уһɫ޵֣һֻŷâ
Լˮƣ¡
㣬ҿ
޵СϾĽ֮ɫε
޵ݸԺҲеġ


1650 ǧ
ʮ֣Ժתʮ£ʮ꣬ͤͤ
ʮ䣬ϤĽ̵Ƚ̵Ҫġ
ʮǰСʯϣŽ͵䡣
ʮɷΧ½ƣྡྷ档
ڣͺ֣޵âˣգžޡ
ʮʱ䣬ĵչ죬ӵ˵ûʲôɴڵˡ
ʮɽƣӰϽָâ
ֳ޵ָΪΪ
սʮУÿγֶȥʮɷâֻΪǱܡ
䣡
棬âĿηӿǧˡ
սУĿӣתۣâ

ľǰǰս֣
ɳҲ
һԣС«Ӧ
ţҲ
͵
СһսҲ֪Ƿ񿴵öֻһһ˵š
սУ˵ĴսԽȣսȫ羪裬Ȼ衣
˺ĵʮ֮䣬ΪԶͬڵߡ
佻棬תǰУָס޵棬Ŀ⿴ǰŮ¶οˣѾԳʦˡ
ԣ¶һĨϲɫǰӹһ񣬵лʦĽ̵
ȥɣЩһֱʮ֣Ȼĵܿ죬ȴĥ£ʱóȥˣסκ£Ż΢Ц
һعٶһ񣬵ǣǡ
ʱ󣬺뿪ˣ뿪ͣʮʮ֡
ܲᣬȴ޷ֹȥ
񳤴վҪ죬Ϊ˺ܹӵиõδú뿪ʮ֣Ǳزٵѡ
Ϧ£źԶȥıӰĪӡ
￴ıӰҲ˰ɡ
ֻǣͬǣһ߱ǧꡣ
ǧʱ䣬͹һʮֵȴȻȴûгȥѰҡ
뿪ʮֺȥ򣬺ȥ˼֮ء߱ں󣬺뿪˽ڡ
ڽڵİ̫꣬Ĵ˵һλŮӣȴżߵΪ;˵ĵʷҲ亱
ֻ֮ǰ꣬õơ
󣬺ڽѰö֣ǰ졣
죬һޱߣǿ߸ʤǿߣȻ޵¡
졢졢̤ɡ쳾ɡ·ϣûյ㣬Ȼ˼䣬磬۷塣
һ·Ӻ쳾ɣǧʱ䣬˱궼ûеľʡ
ǧ꣬۽ں죬ķâʮҫۣƾնֵľ콾û֪ȴ˼䡣
ûԼݣû˵ʦֻ֣ƾԼеĵɱһ
ҵһսӭսһλͬžȴԼǧĸ֣һսǧգνǧ֮ս
ǧʱ䣬ǿնˣգԼеĵնɱ˴У׻֮Ķ֡
һս󣬺Ҳش
һԭʼϣصѪС
ʱԭʼϣһλ׷ŮѪеĺ¶ã֮ɫ
գ׷ŮӾ˺Լס
ʱ䣬׷ŮӶԺϤչˣ΢
ڣպ󣬺ǰ׷ŮӣһĨɫ
Ůˡ
ǧŮӲ٣òʣܳҡ
ˣ
׷Ůӿڣ¶΢Ц
л֪֮մ
ˡ
׷ŮӦһ䣬ɫƽ͵ƻûкãҪҶ
ܣֿ˿ǰŮӣ˵

׷ŮӻشƫƧˣòҪš
ԣͷӦ
ӣڰ׷Ůӵסˣ߳䡣
żʱ򣬺Ҳȥ͸͸ȴӰ׷ŮӵѣûԶ
һδ˵Ĺȣ٣˼ǧ꣬δš
ֻǣӰ׷ŮӿУ˽һЩ顣
һˮϵĹȣȵ󣬼û½ء
ӵĻ޷棬ԣҲĹȣ硣
Ȼ׷Ůһ⣬ĸܵλŮӲ塣
Ϊ׷Ůϲһ£ͷҲǰ׵ģԣΪ׽㣬׷ŮҲĬƺ
׽㣬ûҪ뿪𣿡
ǰһ޼ʵĴ󣬿ʵ


1651 
޽عȣҶΧû½أ档
ǿ˼磬Ȼڲ֪ĵؽ磬ͬ塣
ǱͳεĹȡ
ԣңԶʳǣǿУȻĸ֣ǿߣȻӽ˾
ȻվֻǴԣͳǿյʱƫһ磬ٳǰ
߾һƬ߳ϣһ򵥵СԺڴˣԺУ°׷ŮӰԺҩݣʮһա
û֪׷Ůڴ˾ס˶ãû֪׷ŮӵֻշɹĹ֤µıǨһһꡣ
վΧע⡣
ǧĴٳ磬ǣ࣬Ҳδܹ߳
ʳˣԣǿʱȦΪʳð壬ȴҲŹŵࡣ
ֵǣ׷ŮӾǰȻôꡣ
У˶յĺЩ߳İ׷Ůӣڵ
ڴ˶գȴ޷λ׽㡣
ʣ׽㲢ǷˣҲôá
ֻǣΪֹ޷Ӱ׽ϸܵκε
СԺУ׷ŮиУ׿߳ӵĺ¶һ˿΢Цôˣ
д̫ã͸͸
ǰŮӣӦһ䣬ǰ԰ҩģЩǰ׽ֵ𣿡
š
׷Ůӵͷ£ԼЩ
ǰԺһҩоԽԽŨ
Щҩ亱䣬ﾹȻôࡣ
𣡡
ʱԶУһĺķԲǧﶼζ
ԶĶɫһӲԾر
ýš
׷ŮЦЦûµġ
䣬ԶϣӰ֣Ϣǿÿһƣʮ־ˡ
ȻЩ˷ų֣δüСԺֻһ޴Գֱӽеλ븹С
һĻģûüѾٶû˴С
һԣ׷Ůƺ棬԰еĴҩ
׽㣬ǣ
عѯʵ
ġ
׷ŮһЦҾȹ
ԣȻѹһֱûдǰţȫͷԳˡ
ͬʱģԨ֮ȣ˵еʥأұǳڴˡ
˵Ϲұһֱڴˣʼղ뿪
д˵Ԩ֮һǿĴڣΪ֮棬̫ʱħ
ʣ˹Ϣ
ʱԨ֮Уһϵ˵
˽
Ԩ֮ڣϵ
ǣ
߾£ȥʮֵĻá
ϣ׷ŮһЩҩ˴С
·ԽһĴҩ븹УԽĿġ
ͻȻУһ𣬿Զ
ˡ
׷ŮԣҲܵԶǿϢ
ֻޱ޼ʵĴͷӣӰֲÿһ˶֮ϡ
£ǻȥ
ӰУһλͷڵӿڣƽ
£Կˣ̿־ض˴
£ǻȥ
Ϊ׵ٴοڣ·ɢȥ
ԶʱԸͷ
СԺУ״üͷ𣬵ȻԸ⣬Ǻαǿѡ
ϣӿˣһĨ
ࣿ
࣬ûǲҪ¡
ӵ˵һ䣬Խҡ
ɫ£Ҫ֣ȴߵİ׷ŮӰ¡
࣬ǻȥ𣿡
׷ŮӿŴԣʵ
ҲҪǻȥ
һŬһ߼ص
ԵĻش𣬰׷ŮͷĿ⿴ϵˣƽ಻Ըߣǻȥɡ
Уλʥɫ£·ŮӵеЦ
м䣬ͷڵ̧֣һǿѹ£ѹˡ
иУɫ΢ǿ
αͱˡ
һԣ׷Ůһֻ̧̾Ϊ֮һͣϵĽʱɢ
Ӽ״ɫһ䣬ӿˡ
ؼ䣬޴ϹӰ֣Ӵ˲
Ȼֻһ˲䣬ӰȻ٣ɢΡ
°ɡ
׷ŮֻӹλʥѪɽֱӱ֮⡣


1652 
λʥѹҪǿд幫
֪ΪΣλʥĵȴǼΪ־壬ƴ
Σʱ̣׷Ůӳֻ֣һУشλʥ
˵һĻ⣬λʥסΣ¶Ȼ
˭û뵽һλ˿ûԪŮӾ˿µʵ
ˣ
λʥٶ뿪
ϣ׷ŮӿŴԣ¶һĨ΢Цˣ࣬ˡ
£ԷɳлΪΡ
һֻʮҵСŮһɫݾ£ǿɰ
˭벻СŮǰڶĿԡ
лл㡣
࿴ǰ׷Ůӣ¶м֮ɫ
Ĺ
һԣͻȻڣʵ
ƹĿ⣬˿ǰİ࣬ƲƲ죬ѽ
ΪʲôԸǻȥ
ԣȦһ죬ɱҵĸףǻˡ
巢ңĸױ֮͵ϮǰͳҾʱѾˡ׷Ůӽ͵
֮ɫûٶʡ
࣬ʰʰ뿪׷Ů˵
Ҫߣ
ȵ԰׽ʵα뿪
Ҹ鷳ˡ
¶Ǹ⣬˵
¡
׷ŮСԴĿ⿴˵֮һλ۷ǿߣҵĹЩ⣬ʱ˶ĸ֡
ԣ˵ͷԭˣѵܾλ׽ĹЩ⡣
˾ûٶൢ飬ʰ˶㶯뿪
໯ΪԣֱӽԺеҩ԰˸У˷Զ
һһҹһƬʮĸߵϣͣ£׷ŮӺͺһ½СԺͷݣཫҩ԰³ػ˴
أӵطûеδ꣬ҪʱڴȡǿԼҲǰ׷ŮӺʼû뿪ԭ
Ԩ֮ȣλʥԨ֮Ⱦͷ
һб㽫شλŮžʵԨ֮ϵƽ°ɣ飬аš
ǣ
λʥԣһȥ
뿪ãԨͷһλŽɫۣҫӳ֣һԨ·ȥ
ۣˡ
Ԩ·ʿǰ޴ʯţ̧𣬽ӿ
ʳ֣ӡʱʯ¡¡𶯣ʱ޾£ٶȿ
ʯڣɫӿһ˫񣬳ۣǰʷӡʮغ䡣
Ӧ֪ʲôŴʿڣ
ɫУһʶӰ߹˲һ˲Ԩϵնѿˡ
ŰĺͰ׷ŮȫܵԶԨǿѹɫ΢
ˣ
תۣԶϣɫϢХ죬֡
Ԩ·ֲܵϢӲ

һĹ
ȴҲ塣
ϣѪ֮ǣȻңԶľҲ޷Ρ
ȥ
ۿŴԣ΢䣬
£ϤӲԽҡ
СԺУϿյӰգ޵Ի
һӰ˲ʧٳʱ֮ϡ
䣡
޵ն䣬ذĿΨһ졣
ž޵ĵ֮ǧʱ䣬ֵ֮
ϣ̧𣬺Ȼ޵â
ӿȵ𵴣رɫҡ
ϧ㻹̫ˡ
Ƭ̣ԪȻǰŮӡ
ӷ䣬»صСԺУĿ⿴ʵĳۣɫԽء
ǿĹ
ͬʱʮ֣һϮµվľǰؿŹϰ䡣
ˡ
Ĺת˵
Ҫú䣬ѧ˽Ǳȥ㡣΢Ц
𣿡һϣ֮ɫ
ġ
ͷ
ллˡ
С϶ʱ¶֮ɫҲˣʼ
Ź˸ɾҲ¶һĨ΢ЦĿ⿴ǿվͷ
ѾͷƺһЩ鷳
ġ
򲻹ܣϹﲻ٣ûҪδζƴ
һ·ĺԪ𣬵תǣ֡
Ứ
ǣɵ
ɲǺؼ䣬һն䣬


1653 ѹ
Գ׽ࡣ
ؼʱ̣֣Ứһն졣
׵һնأá
Ե֮䣬ϣһĨɫӢȴ״γȤ֮ɫ
һĸ֣ʵ˷ܡ
̧֣Ѫ֮Ӳ޵â
䣡
춯صĴ𣬿նһǱѪ֮£Դ
ɫһ߳ʮ״˿µĶ֡
СԺУ׷Ůӿǰĺ¶һĨã֮ɫ
ܾãĵʶƺ
ֻǣ벻ˡ
ϣսۣâء
ΪȻԾĳۣռϷ硣
ΪѹԽȻţҲ޷Խµĺ蹵
䣡
ʮн棬۲ָ޵âλԣӿȡ
ʮ㵼ĸ𣬿νֲĴڣǰʶɵ
񣬳ٳ۶廹Ǻ˶һѡ
ѹЩһʧܶ飬࣬㲻
޵ۻ˵棬ԪۣȻһɽ
״ɫһ޿ɱ֮ʣ˫յޣһն䣬Ӳ֮ơ
䣡
һײ޵նƾȴѵ𵴵ƾηɳɣǵ¡
ΪĲֲ࣬սʮУƾԡ
һƣȪߡ
飬Ѫ֣밵ӿһɿֲҪɱ֡
̤ܵӰ֣ϸǧټǵĵڣ𺳡
˫м棬ײʤʱ·СԺУİŮӲ֪ʱȻʧ
֮ϣѪۼУض
䣡
ʱǰ׷Ůƾն̧֣𣬺Ȼա
ҵĳ𵴣Ѫ⽥ɢѪУӰԻƽɫ
ϣ֮ɫָܿԭλŮӷ
ǰ׷Ůӻ׿һĺ˽ңʱϢһᡣ
ͷûִţӰ
ʮֵʮУѧ˺ܶණȻ֪ҪһǱ
֪ΪΪ֮бҪʱִţûҪʱɵӡ
ɵԣˡ
֮ϣ׷Ůעǰûжԣֱӳ
ѸٶȣĲ˼飬һʶ۵ֵ
¡
ֻһҵײ𣬳ӱɣ졣
˵Ľ֮ɫ
һ˲Ǻ޲
ϣ׷ŮӾûκͬһ㡣
ȻΨǰֵ߽ĳ۷֪ǰ׷ŮӵĿ¡
һƣֻ·硣
а档
սֲ˫Ʒתа죬ֲϯ˲
ھʵޱȿ£޾Ϊɣ÷ӡԨ֮ס
۳չµаܣγɷ֮֡
ݵһĻϿգӿգġ
ϣаƣ׷ŮӾУɫȴûаֱ仯
а棬ףаӳ֣ɢĺ⣬˿־塣
˫գа֣Ƶǵƽǽ
аΧаӾˣа棬󺣡
ɲǺ󣬳аնʱӳž˵аնա
а׷Ůͬʱٶȣ˲ܿƣתۣǰ
ƽһƣȴв֮Ȼһֱڳš
ۿһƺߣ졣
ǿޱȵĶ֣ٲ飬аУȳͣΣ׷Ůٳǰ
¡һƣ翪ɽһģ䡣
һһеĹƣȫڳϣ׷Ůӵٶȣ׷ϣ·ĺΪ֮𺳡
ĿٶȣֻһϼǱʦ
û뵽λ׽㾹ȻŲʦļ١
ȣ
֪˶ٴιѪʢһŭȣа
ɲǣɢΣΪһ޴ĳ֮ϡ
ɵľһɽβ
ʣϢֲаԪѹ£Ҫݻ
·׷Ůüͷ壬Ӱ죬һɢаԪ
֮ϣɫ׷Ṳ̊նץס֮βԶɽ˦ȥ
䣡䣡䣡
ֲײУɽʯ֮꣬С
ʯ£ۻΪΣһѪȾ


1654 
֮ϣ۷ѣսܣΣͷ׷Ůӳ֣ǿѹۡ
׷ŮӾ˵ΪٶȺǿޱȣȻǿȫ·硣
ɽУ»ΪκһȾѪ
ǿ࣬ĬĬţǺˣ
ۿڣ¶һĨսķѯʵ
ˡ
׷ŮӵӦһ䣬ӰɽУֱһƽɽ¡
ѪȾɽЦ֮ɫԽŨ
Խҫۣһ̤
䣡
ߣȭƽӣ˵ıಫعԭʼɱ
Ĳɱ£ԽԽأȻ·硣
ٶȡǿȣս飬׷ŮӽԿνΪֲ
Ҫ˵׷Ůк㣬ûκ·Ϊʧ
ս⣬Ҳһ㣬Ϊǰ׽Ϊǣ鲢ˡ
׽Ϊľʧˡ
ǣ԰׽Ϊ˭ܹϵΪأ
֪Ҳ֪׷ŮѾȴ£Ψһ֪µˣȴʼմʮ֣δ¸κˡ
֪飬նȥ˰׷Ůӵĵţȥĸ
׷ŮƺأȻһȴȴ£Ϊ
ԶսУ׷ŮǿѹȻʧΪǣΪƬؼ˵ĴڣǾɵС
ΪĳҲѰ֮ˣһܴȴʼղη壬ҫĿյۡ
ۿɼأѸٵ޸ǿԶѰ塣
׷ŮӼ״ü壬Ӱ˲ǰһѿסʺֱ˵ҪŤʺ
Σһ̣˫Уа֣ǿƷˡ
׷Ů֣Ӱ˳ʮɣǰԽ䡣

ս⣬ұˣ۽һֳ̤аɱ
޼᲻ݵа˺գؼ仮һһѪۣ˺Ȼ
Էĳۣ׷ŮȴǼ侲ӲаǰߵĹơ
˵һս˴ϴ򵽴һɽ飬һƬƬ󱻷پµаǳҡ
ս⣬һսɫԽ𾪣̫ǿˡ
䵱죬ˡ
䣡
ֶ֪Уϣ׷ŮһĳٶȽķɳȥ
¡һ׹ȾѪ
ԨҫһλŽɫ۵ӰնעԶĴս¶ɫ
ǿŮӣʵȻӽ˵еĴˡ
ۣĪҪʧ
Զս֣УһаѪɫӰȻһܴսɳҡ
ǿᣬӡʮȻѪʢ˾̾
ϣ׷ŮȴûļվһΣ㽫´ſ£һһش֡
ţûĲֻ֮ҪƲۻҲҪ䡣
ʮУУսУѪ߲
˫ȻΪѪȵĺɫħһ㣬һһγǰ
׷ŮӲΪּ侲޶ȵشۡ
ǰн棬ϣеǶѿȻǿ޷ʱ޸
񣬰׷ŮӰӹٶһڳš
ǣ
عǱ𣬳ݣѪȪӿϼˡ
䣡
ɽУ׷ŮӰδͣǰֱۣӹš
ӿѪȾ׷Ůӵֱۣһкɫȥ
٣ǿۣһҲѸˣΣ
ʱԨ֮Уһɫƥƿն룬ն׷Ůӡ
ͻɱУף׷ŮӻӲС
¡
һ˵ײ𣬽ɫƥ飬׷Ůӻ񣬳۲֪ʱȻʧ
ʣ
׷ŮĿ⿴ԶԨ֮ȣ΢΢ʵ֮ˣҲֻλ֮ˡ
۷壬ഴҲֻһ֮
˵֮һλצĲţп̤㴴
Ԩ֮ȣս֣һȾѪ쳣
ۣʧˡ
̧֣ӣûС
ɲǣؼ䣬ɫڣѸٷپ˳۵
ͬһʱ䣬ϢԽǿѪɫһ
ֻλˣֻҪ˻Ѫ̤Ҫһ
ʮ֣ľǰƺиУĿ⿴ǿվͷһĨɫ
Ϣ˿Ҫ̤봴ˡ
Ϣ˰߲ӣࡣ

ջĿ⣬עǰĹ¶һĨ΢Ц
ʱȥˡ


1655 Ʒ
Ԩܲյ´꣬һʮգʼûͣµļ
߾峿ʱ׷Ůױϣ߳ľݡ
ľ⣬裬˼䡣
ʱ£ԷɳΪһʮҵСŮ
׽㡣
ǰ̬òãҲҪһ
׷ŮЦЦѾˣ׽˺ܶ飬û취㡣
ԣСһƲƭˣô
׽ûƭ㡣
У߳˶գɫ˲١
㡣
ɵغ
Ц׽ˣĹֻҪúطһҲ׽һ
Ҳ
һ֮ɫʦǲǸ
ǰ
ͷ¶˼֮ɫʦˡ
Ȱ׽㻹𣿡
׽ˣû취Ƚϡ
΢Цлʦ֪ˡ

׷ŮͻȻڵ
ţ
ƹĿ⣬¶ѯ֮ɫ
ĻʿҪˡ
׷ŮӿԶڵ
ԣɫһĿҲ˹ȥ
ֻԨϿգڣһŽɫ۵Ӱ֣ǿϢ𺳡
쾪ر䣬һ
ʳ
һ̣Ĵ룬ɪɪ
Ѫѹ޿ɵֿ壬̫ףȴˣûκԵֿ
ˡ
ľǰ׷Ůӿڣƽ
Ͽգһ֮ϣʾƾˡ
׷Ůߣ࿴ˣ޺Ϳ־֮ɫ
࣬޻ȥ
ϣʿڣɫĮ
˵ǵѹ£һƽĴ˾κˡ
׷ŮǰΪ䵲ѹµ
ϣһΣǿޱȵӰʱ
ǰ׷ŮӾƬ̺Ӱʧ
ʶ˺벽
䣡
ֻǰ׷Ůƾճ֣һĳֱ˺ա
̧ƣӭȥ
ǿ棬춯صĲֱܵӱɢ
࣬չ˺Լ
·˵һ䣬޵֣һ̤ͬս֡
λ̳սʱ
춯صս֣ʡ׷Ůӣλ̿սĽ档
׷ŮΪʧȻΪʥˣսǻױȣԼ̤봴ʣ˿·硣
һߣϾλֽ֣ζΪû潻棬ʱѷʤ
壬иǿߡ
ʮУԽܵǰŮӵǿɫԽء
ԶѾã˼ǿ˽Ĳ֪࣬˼乲ʮֵĿ£弴Զ壬ҲŹλ˼乲ǿֻǣû뵽λ˼乲⣬˼仹ǿǿߡ
սУ׷ŮûлӦ磬ȫ
˴սգǳҡһſ׹¡
ʮ֣ݴһѩ֮󣬵װعľ
ľǰµӰǸܵԶսĲĿ˹ȥ
ѩУںС«ˣǧǰûг٣ʥ̥ĳɳѰҪ̫ࡣ
ȻȴԿǿ󣬻һգıصò
䣡
ʱǿ֮ϣһֲĴӰ
ԽʥǣУһֻ޴ƿӡ˳
ӡƣϣѺ۱鲼·ʱ᳹ױ١
ľǰܵǿյı仯üͷ塣
ջ񣬿ڻ

Сܻôˣ
ڼﲻҪܣȥһˡ
á
ɵص˵ͷ
ţᾡġ
˵һ䣬ڣ˲󣬻Ϊ
ǿգɹٶ֮죬˲Ϣ⡣
䣡
ʱǿϣٶ𣬷Уħһֳֻ˽ӡ
ԶиУٶȸ֡
䣡
ǵħһƿӡҪ׳
һ̣ǿϣӶУ°׷Ӱƾ߳
轣
ڣͬʥԪʱʥǿϡ
޾ʥԪִͬķʥںϣΨһ
һ̣һʥۣƿʱ
䣡
ͬʱħƷδʥ롣


1656 նħ
Խʥǣɫӡ٣ħƷ⣬ؼʱ̣֪轣չǿ֮
ݺʥֱӹᴩ˻ħ塣
ѪȾһһŴǣ˵ľġ
ڷӡԽʥҲٶȳ䣬ƵʥǣѸܵκε
ħѪʥǣʬ׹ʥǴϣϢȫʧ
Խʥǵλ񽫣ڻħƷʱ̣սԼʹ
ǿϣħնţѪʣȾ
޴ޱȵĻħаɸߣһֻƷ·ͿԾһǳ
ԶԣԵС΢ɲ졣
ȻȻˣħҲСǰࡣ
࣡
ħڣѪʼҲ֮Ѹٸԭ
ϣһĻɫûκξ档
ħǺʹʥͬȵĴڣʥ˲𣬻ħ಻̫ࡣ
ڤͰһʽϻħЩͬħʲô㡣
ħű䣡
Уһȣʱħӿħ
ɵħأúͻħһľ޴
ħսħսһս쳣
֮䣬һſǳɲǷ㡣
䣡
תۺսһ𣬸ߴɵǿ쳣ΧһſǳƬ
ħʥˣͬڴĿֲڣͬ٣Ͳó䣬Ĵڽ֣һ
ǳһս𣬺ƫԶûӰ쵽硣
ħħΪɱħսУһȭ˻ħı۰
ͬʱħҲ˺֪ţѪɣ쳣
ĴսȻԽصƣ˶νǲôϹһսŻ֮ܡ
ʮ֣ɵľǰգȴŸ׹
С«˵ʲôʱܻʵ
ӦúܿɡС«ȷػش
ˡ
Ŵ۾ңԶǿգŸͻȻĳ֡
ǿվͷħսħΪ֪磬֪Ϊ˼İΣս
սһֱʮʮҹΧǿռѱϣ֪ٴλȥ˻ħȻÿһλħܺܿ
ͬڻħĹ£ҲȻȥܿ죬ڴļӳѸٻָ
ʮʮҹ󣬲֪ΪΣǿվͷĴսͣ£ͻħʧټ
ʮ֣һȾѪ֪ڷһǰϴϵѪ

ľǰ׻Сܹȥ
֣סĹ¶º͵Цݣ⼸ûкú
С
ʹͷ
ԡ
ЦЦǣŹľȥ
ͬĴսҲڷţֻǣȴͬ
׷ŮӺʵĴսպ󣬱ռƵս֣ȴͻȻ˱
׷ŮڣѹѾõƱʶҵʹ
ʼ״ԥȫһش˰׷Ůӡ
ԶһսУɫһҪԮ֣ȴǱλǿ¡
֣޿ת
ߣ
ƲһնΪǧѸԶȥ
׽㣬㡣
ɵͳ࿴Զսеˣ۾߳ˮ
ȥʦ
Ļص֮䣬Զȥתۼ䣬ʧǿվͷ
ɫһӰҪȥ׷
һ̣һХԪ˿衣
Ứ
޵â죬һǿգ˾λʥնʡ
ʻףһµ⣬֣춯صġ
ǿգǧɹƺžһս
У˵һĻ
һӴǳϣһֱ۱ʯΪʯϣѪȾǳ
Ȼǰ˰պֿһȱʯһǳϡ
һһǳϣ޴ֱۣͷ­Ȳһһ֣ÿһ֫ϣԶһ޴ʯѪ죬
һݵĴսǳ޴ħ֫ͷ­Անֱ˲ͬǳϣֹħ
࿴⾪˵һĻ쳣޷󣬾޴֮ĴڣΪֲնɱǿĴڡ
Χǧɹٳޱȥ
֪˶ãڣǧûκͣݴء
ʮ֣ľǰиУʡ
ǺϢ
Ϣϣǧɵ֣󷽣һλʮҵСŮ


1657 ֪
ʮ֣棬һλʮҵСŮ·ľǰİ׷ӣ¶֮ɫ
ҵˡ
ľǰҲзСŮ¶ɫ
壿
ǰǰ
أǰ׷ӣŽŵ
עǰСŮ
СŮϣѺ۱鲼ˣˮ
壿
һ䣬üͷ壬ԣ㻹δӦû
ǰȺͰ׽㡣ɫż
뿪ˮأ϶ձɫʮֵĲã԰쳣
̧֣ˮΪûڡ
ôˣ
Զ֣Сܹѯʵ
û£ھȥ㡣
ͷǰСŮ·
ǣǰ
õ޸壬ϵѺʧ̶ǰ·
߰ɡ
ǣС֣ȥ
ǿϣӣٳǿվͷȥ
꼾һµꡣ
УŰ׷ŮӶɽ䣬һˣգԽԽء
Լ߰ɣңֻ㡣׷Ůɫƣ
׽סʦӦÿҪˣֻҪʦϵǾͰȫˡĿ⿴ʳһǿʥϢܵӱҵʱ䡣
ϣʥͿʶȫѰ˵Ϣ
׷ɱգʥν˱ȻջǱѡ
źͰ׷ŮϵԽԽأÿһΧɱԽѡ
ԨϿգʾϣһǿԪѰ˵ټ
ͻȻй⻪ڵǱǧȷС
Զϣλʥԣ̶űȷȥ
ȷУ˵İ׷ŮʱͣϢһƣȻѵ˳ųֵļޡ
ȿȡ
׷ŮͻȻҿѪʳָ졣
׽㡣
״ɫһת壬Ϊǰˡ
ֻǣԪŽ׷Ůڣʧûκβ
иУɫԽأ׽̫֣˿á
ԭǶ
ʱϣʣֲѹļ¡
Уλʥζ
·ɫһ䣬˰׷Ůǰ
ͬʱ֮ϣХУһλŽɫ۵Ӱ߳޾
ʱ£һϢԽˣ봴Ȼֻ塣
ɱ
ʿڣ
ǣ
λʥǿƳ֡
ɫ£޵ʣսλʥ
飡
һѪȷ壬ĺѵʥ֣ϼˡ
󷽣׷ŮȴٶһģԵȥ
ͲҪǿˡ
ƽϤ׷Ůһ߲֪ʱֵӰ
µӣͬһͷ׷ϵЦȴů
ʦ
ǰˣ¶ϲɫ
ˡ
ЦЦߵŮ£΢Цˣʣµı㽻Ұɡ
սУλʥͻȻֵӣɫȫ¡
˺ʱֵģ
ϣУʿ·ӣɫͬ¡
㡣
·ԣ֣½ǣ̧ͷ

ߵСһԽϲһѱˡ
Ҳˡ
طϲãůֺ󣬺еĵĺͽţδйķɡ
֪ʦˣͰ׽㲻κΣա
ܵĺѩǰˮ׽㣬û°ɣ
û¡
ĺѩ¶һĨƣЦݣ಻ޡ
ô۸ҼҵһѾͷʣЩ̫ˡ
ǰĿ⿴ʵ֮ʣɫƽҪ򣬱㡣
ɱ
ϣʻ֣ɱ
λʥȥ
ָδɢ
ĿɲǣλʥһŴѪӿص¡
λʥ䣬Ӻݺһϣ°׷Ӱƾն֡
㾿ʲôˣ𾪵
֪
֣λ˼乲
һѪҪˡ
ڣָĿڣʱѪꡣ
Ѫɢ֣Ѫ·࣬ûСŮڡ
̼䣬֮ϣԻ


1658 
裬Իڿն
Ѫ壬ɱ䣬צΪ
𣡡
䣬ϣɫ죬£ɱľ
ԶɢȥһѪûȡֽķȥ
·ŴʦСȥЦʦ
ˣƨˣĺ㣬߰ɡ΢Ц
ĺ㣿һ㶣ɻ
׽ĺѩʦһˡЦ
ɵؿ˿ˣôû׽ʦǹˣ
ˣĺ㣬ˡ
һºԴ˵
أ
ָڶɽٵ࣬ʵ
Լ컯Ҳٹã˼佫ٳһλԲʥˣҲûˡ˵
ʥˣ
ȵô졣
岻һ
ƽ˵ѪзҪģȻҲ˴Ҫץࡣ
ؿһʵ࣬ȴҲûвɢϯĺѩǰ
ʦҪȥʵ
һҹ˵ټ
˵һ䣬ȥ
ֻأжʱһλλ˻ع飬ȴҲʧȥ˺ܶ࣬뽫Ƕһء
뿪ǰ˼䣬һ·ϣĺѩҲָ
ȻһնϵĴ֮ţȴʼԸԭĺѩļ䣬ȫʧ
ѣ
ɽ֮䣬ĺѩߵӣʵ
š
ͷܺõѡ
ܺ˵˵ҵĹȥ𣿡ĺѩã֮ɫ
Ȼԡ
һǰУһ߽ĺѩĹ
ֻأԹԹ˸ӣǶԹѾ˵塣
棬ǣŹָţ˸£զࡣ
ʦĺĹǾʡ
˵ĺѩĴ֮ǱնϺ󣬺ɫӾʡ
ʦǣô˵أһ㲻֪ϧ
ĺѩûʲô⣬·һһ¡
𣿡
˵Ϻްɡ
ĺѩشһսˣӦҲ顣
˵ʥ˵Ĵڣ˼䶼вͬȻĴ
ϧЩõ˵ǡ
뱨κʱ򶼲ѡǰɽӴ󴨣΢Ц
һ죬һָ䣬Ļ㱨𣬲һûͷĺѩƽ

ӦƳļлָһա
˵ĺʦ𣿡
󷽣Сʵ
СԴҡͷ֪
Ҳû⣬ʦĺ㣬ףʦĴҲ١
ɣʦˡ
򣬷磬˵ķɽǰһλλ߹ҹߵݡ
˽Կ࣬󲻵ãԣ翵ķοġ
ɽϣصһλŮŮת硣
ŮòĲƷŮӣɽǰͣ½ŲɽϵŮӣ¶һĨ΢Ц
Ȼֻعôҫۡ
ɽϣŮƺܵԶĿ⣬˫˹ȥ
ӵӣһ⣬һƽʱǧûеļеֻƽĵͷ⡣
Ⱦ٣ն
Ⱦһϵ㡣
˵һ䣬Ź뿪
ɽϣŮ֪ǷǰߵĻ
ޱһĽУ½òϤ
½ǰһܵĶϽתΪ
֮ʱǰһĨ°׷Ӱ̤յͣһ
˿иУ½۾עǰ׷ˣһĨɫ
ָоϤ
ϣҫŹ⻪ƺѰˣ֮ס
շ䣬һΪ֮ܽ·ԭ
ѣǣûˡ
Цݵ˵һ䣬ְؿڣγعϵǣְγ˫ϵǡ
ĹǣѪ׷ɣȾ¡
γǺнƾʧعڡ
ʱ½ʢضƱɫ
㿴Ƭ̣ڣܣʥ
Ӻ󣬰½ڣںϣ⽻ڣΪͻͽ
һ޼
½ָ߲һҫ۵Ľƿննյ͡
һ޻ڡ
£ָͬڣӳ۶Ŀ


1659 ҹ
أ֪½֪ȥһǣ
½ߵõյĽǣһϢۡ
콣ɢǰƿնȻײ
ҵĳϿգƱɫ
һ֪֮½ȫûٳڶ
Եټ
Ц˵һ䣬תȥ
ǰ½עǰԶȥĿ⣬ɫһ
ϲ֡
⣬ĺѩվȴʱӰ֣
ҵˣ𣿡ĺѩʵ
š
ͷɣɷɱˡ
ĺѩףûٶʣ߰ɡ
뿪̤Ѱҹ֮·
һһƵĻ˼˵ֻأɺϣȻʥˣҲǧ쳾
꣬ǧ꣬ѵõİʱ⣬ĺѩ߹ɽӣ̫˪ͷϵİ׷µ顣
һյɽ·ϣŹ᫵ɽ·תһѸں󷽵ĺѩ
棬ƲƲ죬ɫᣬӡ
ɽƣɽķ羰ࡣ
ķ羰
ʦ˵ǰѽǶ˺üˡ
ɽ£˳ǰߵĿȥѯʵ
Ҳ֪
ҡͷǰڤһսҲδۼ֪ǰǣȻа취ǰһܹ
䣬ǿгֻ֮Ǹͬˡ
ڤأĺѩ
ڤ
ĬƬ̺󣬻شڤûܹɱǰһսѾǵ֪ĳЩʱ̣ڤع顣
ˣδ»һսĺѩ
ǡ
һЦǿµĻ䣬ңҲһΡ
ԭʦҲкµʱ򣿡Ц
ʦֲûĵĹȻҲẦ¡Ц
ͬʱ˼䣬δ֪ǣǧԻ͵񳯣һֺھǧʯϣֱ
񳯣ǧ꣬ǧ֮䣬޵Уɨ˻ģͳһݡ
Ի͵ڣٹ

ʱ⣬һڳĿУһλɫµһۣݡ
ӣҹҫ۵ĴڣǴʵصĻӣսպգ˴ƽ֮ңôʵմãҪ̫֮λ
ݼʡ
ҹɫƽ
ƽ
ϣڣ
лʡ
ҹ
谣گɡ
˵
ǣ£
һԣǰѾ׼õĲگ飬׼

ʱҹڣֹگ顣
У¶֮ɫǰӡ
ҹк£
ϣʵ
򸸻ǡ
ҹٶȹ£ɫƽƽеңһͳҲҪսԣҪ򸸻ǣϣʼǵõĳŵƽŶɡ
һ䣬Ծ˭û뵽̫֮ʣӻڳԡ
񳯵ĻλĻΪͷѪһԣƹһˣӺλĻᣬУϵµգ̫֮λɡ
ֻǣȴҪ뿪˿̫֮λ
ϣɫҹ֪گдʲô
֪
ҹƽԣگǰŻ򸸻ǣʧˣҲʧԼĶӣ𣿸ʣƽŶ뿪ɡ
ԣɫԽѿĻλԾ˲ֵһ𣿡
ҹ¶΢Цʣ˸־һλ۲ŴԵĵ˾֮ңֵ׳꣬һλӰҲü
ϣע·ĵӡ
ã¶һĨЦݣֵĸ˵㣬ȥɣ·޲ǿ㡣
лʣ
ҹлתȥ
빬һλӺݻŮ߳Ŀ⿴ŻʹԶȥĶӣһš
ӴԺϣչ˺Լһá
Ӿܾ̫֮λ뿪ʹѼĴ䡣
ǰҹԶȥһϢԽԽǿжȥһĸľͻƣΪҲ֮
һʵʳУеİնʳϿսݺᣬֺ׳ۣء


1660 
񳯣ҹܾ̫֮λﳤȥ
ǧž޵Ļӣ۲黹ǧѼһʵ¡
ʮպҹڣһ˶Ͻڰλ֡
˭֪һսΣֻǣһս֮󣬽Źرգ겻ٳ
ºӣһɫµҹעǰζĺˮһվʮա
ʮʱ䣬ҹһϢ»عƽ豹棬Ϊһ
ʮպҹУһ֣һնǧ
ȻһºӦֿˮ١
һ֮ҹսת뿪
º󣬽ɽ֮أϵĽϵһǿߣδһܡ
ɽ£µӰһϽɽ
ɽϣһλµ۾ɽӰɫ΢
ɽ£ҹ̧ͷעɽϵĽӰ˲ʧ
ת֮䣬ҹڽɽϡ
룡
ҹɽϵİӰڵ
½֣Զɽϣһɹˡ
ҹͬսһսڣ쾪ض
ɽϣҶƮ㣬Ŀһ˲Ӱͬʱˡ
˫棬¡¡𶯣쳹ɽ
һգɽԲǧ⣬һλλ߿Զɽ¶֮ɫ
䣡
պ󣬽ɽȻʯꡣ
춯صһսҹӴˣ½˼䡣
ͬʱ޾ɽӼ䣬ŹѰɽɣѰҵĴĴ档
ͻȻɫһĿ⿴ǿա
ָоǣ
ͬһʱ䣬˼һλλǿиУ׷׿ǿա
ֻǿ֮Уһλʯ鲼򣬾޴г֣һӰ֣޾Ӷȥ
˵˼䣬ǿȫиУ׷׶
֮ˡ
֮أҹĿ⿴ʣʵһĨɫ
Ƭ̺ҹһ̤⳯ǿոȥ
ǿգһ⻮գ׷׸ֵķ
ʯ֮ҹǰݺĴУƬ̣С
ҹ뽣вãǿϣһλλǿ̳֣û̫ԥ׷׽С
˼ڶǿУĺѩ˵ǰУͣ˽Ų
Ϊλľ󣿡ĺѩʵ
֮
شӣһ
֮𣿡
ĺѩһ䣬һȷѪˡ
챦궼ܳһȻÿ챦ʱͷѪ
ʦǽȥ𣿡ʵ
ý𣿡΢Ц
áҡͷ
ǽȥʲôЦ

ȵǧʲô
ˡ
ǰϲľѰǰ֪֮Ȼ
ǿոɻн̸֮˼ǿΪ֮
ڣһѪǧټƵĽ߱нɱʬ޴档
ڽһīĽѹˡ
ʱ֮ǰҹ֮á
֮ΧռʧΪڶйâ
Ԩ
ҹŽϿŵ֣૵
УԨƺܵ˵Ϣϲ
ҹǰսʱǿ𶯣ֲĽѹ𵴶
Ԩ֮ɲǼ䣬Ԩɢûڡ
ǿϣƾʧѹɢȫɳȥ
𾪵ĿУһĨӰ߳ˣһϢǿ
ϡ
ڶལ߸ܵϵϢڵ
һ䣬һλλ߻һۣ̳ǰȥ
ɺ裡
λһ̣ҹУԨ֣һϣֲĽϯ
ɲǣеĽȫɳսʧ
ԶǰĽߣӿģƽ
ǰҹƺҲܵĿ⣬ת˹ȥ
Ŀӣ·Խʱһİһƽ
ǰ
ǰ
ͬʱڣ֣ͬʱס
Ƭ̺¶ЦݣԽԽá
ڵĽ⣬ȾλҪָͣһն
׵һХڣݻգûǹ⡣
ҹ񣬿ʵɫԨ𶯣һӭϡ
䣡
ɽǿնʱ˫֣ϣ޴Ѻ۳֣
߿ʾ޴ѺۣϽ֮ɫ

һѪɢ죬ҹ졣
ͬ棬ǴһĨѪ
ʹ죡
ǰδеĳ֮ģֲѪתȥ
ǰٻˡ


1661 Ů
ǿգ֪ҹһսƽɫȥ
ǿλߣֻ֮󣬽ʤ
ҹһʵͨ۷塣
ҹĽǣҲ£µĵ·
ͬʱҹع˼䣬Խʵ׷ǿĽ
˼䣬ɳĮɳһϮµҹУ죬ȴǼᶨ쳣
ͻȻɳͷϯɳ˾졣
ɳ֮Уɳɽʯ޼᲻ݡ
ҹ״ɫ΢գ֡
ڣһնƿննǰķ籩
ֻһ춯صײ𣬿ɳɽ⣬Խˡ
Ŷ
ҹɫ΢Ųһ̤Ӱӹ
ɫ⣬⶯죬˼һ
֮Ӧ֮ɫȻײ˿ɳ籩ֲĳԲɳĮӦݡ
ǣ
ҹУʮصĳ飬֮վѳµ׻ȥ
٣ҹһĨȻϽһȣٶڣɫУԨء
ӡ֣֮ҹսһƿɳ
ɳˣֱʣɳУһɳ֣޶Ī⡣
ҹӰӳ˲ɳǰ̧ս
ɳ𶯣ҵķ
ҹ״Խˣǿѹɳķ
Ȼɳ־ȴǲǿѹӰ죬ɢ⣬Ρ
ȻԵĽػɺ󣬱㲻Ը˿ơ
ҹУԨɳӡ֮ƿգҪӡɳ
ɫӣԲӡѡ
ɫڣɳҷҪӡ
ֻǣɳķӼԨս⣬ӡռУһɫ֣
ɳӡ֮ײ¡¡쳹ӡռ䣬쾪ض
һгɳٶΣϹ⻪ࡣ
ҹǰסɳ
ԶǿУиУ׿˼価ͷ¶΢Ц
ţһ죬ǰġ
ţ
ʱͻȻһ𼱾ڡ
У˻ΣС翪һĨϤӰ߳
£Ѫ޺ĸͷ£ڸһǵա
ظ־ӷС
Ů
Ůӣвڣһһļع飬ڹŮˡ
̫ϣ
Ůһ۱㿴ǰİ׷Ůӣͷ£ɱԡ
ֵŮսӰӹɱб
ظ־֣ĺѩȻԴУ̽ӲС
¡һŮ棬ֲ˵ֱӽ͹
ʮ⣬סನ
ľĽ
һ֮󣬹ŮԪɭɭӣˡ
ǿޱȵһУأǿ˲ǹʱնʧȥɫ
ɱнĺѩɫ΢̤â
Ȼ֮أ޿ɱܡ
Σһ̣֮䣬һĨӰӹ˫ԪȻ֮
ľ𣡡
ģŮѪ֮ɫֵָ֮ϾѪǿ֮䡣
ƿıݣʥһУʥҲҴ⣬ڣΪϵǰ
Ȼһ֮ϣʱ򽣾飬ֵЯ޾֮ƿն
ԹŮ̶ɱУȻ֡
ֵ۽ѪɫɱԽŨңָӲ񽣡
ҵĳ˺벽ŴһĨ߳
ǲȫ
󷽣ĺѩߣ顣
ľƣ
ʽ裬ŮѪ֮ɫԽŨ˫Ʒת̼䣬ϣһɰޱȵۣ䡣
ٴ֮ĹŮΪʤ̤봴սΪ¡
Ů쳣飬ڣݺᣬ˲ϢŮǰ
һƹ𵴵Уֿ̧סŮʥԪӿҪӡŮΪ
ⲻϣʱŮڣһɸӰǳ忪ʥԪֱʡ
ʱ֮ϣ羪ң졣
ʥ١
иУɫһ䡣
䣡
һ̣֮ϣ䷲صֱӻȥǿգûһһǳ
Ӱӹź͹뿪
Զĺѩ̤٣ܿ١
䣡
ǿϣ羪һ£ɵظ־֮
Уظ־̧ͷעʵɺз֮ɫŨ
ľʮ
ظ־ὣ˫ԪֲĹԪӣʮ˵Իÿһصܿ࣬ӳ˼״
ʮ˵٣޾ԪɢŮϵѪҲ֮ԽŨ


1662 ſ
ǿգظ־
٣ȥǳ
ظ־Ϊʮ˵١
׵죬£ظ־ȫӲ١
⣬עǰɽٵĵظ־ɫԽء
ֱļָſʬѲεĲܡ
ʬѲУֻǵظ־һظ־ĻǲС
Ҳˣɽڣظ־ֻһʬ޾£㲻ࡣ
ʶĹŮǵظ־תǣŮֻһˡ
겻ȫظ־ʶ㼫Ȳȶʱпܷ
ǿУ£ظ־ɫһ㱣ȡ
أظ־˫Ѫ֮ɫɢȥָһ˿
ƵĹƾ춯أһһ١
𣡡
ظ־ڣ
ǰԣɫһ𣬵ָˣ
ҵδȫԳñѣܿҲ޺ˡظ־ش
ǵظ־˽ⳬκˣΪβѰʧꡣ
һʱ˵壬֪һֱѰܰĻǣȻ޷ȫ֪꣬ǣ½жɣ³֮ѻ٣޴ȥܳظ־ƽ

һʵ˼ϣ
š
ظ־ͷоأ겻յĹ;Ψо졣
졣
ɫ£Ǿ鷳ˣҪǰȥ죬޿ɱ⣬Ҫٶȶϰλ
䣡
ʱ֮ϣƿգٶȽ١
ʮ˵һص٣𵴣ظ־һģٶȳһĨѪ졣
ʶҪٴλңظ־˫žʹԴŬѡ
־̫죬ʮλ׿תҪѰǡ
ŮʶҪɥʧ¶ɫʵ
ѣת
ظ־Դ϶ԵŹʩԻʱ֮ɿڿ׵ټ
䣬ظ־˫̻ΪѪɫһХԪ졣
ɲǼ䣬ǿУӣǿվɭ޹
죬ߣ
ɭ޹Уظ־
ǿգɭ޵ڿʼݣӡ
ֲľǿջΪһС
״̴ȥ
ǧǿղʧҲһ˿
֪˳˶ԶǰǿȻţͬظ־ټҲʧ
ɫ£ʶɢȴѰظ־Ϣ
־ƿ׳£İɡ
һԣĺѩڣο
ס
ͷûж˵ʲôתȥ
ʮպޱǿռ䣬ʩչŹԻʱ֮Ѱҵڿ׵ת֮
ʮλſף̫죬꼫Ϊǿ󣬲״ʧ
ʱһһչȥڴŵʱп˵ڿ׵ת֮
Ѱʮλſ׵ټڣһȣʱգ̫ʼ
ݵĵŵһ񽣣֣С
âҫĿâԼ֮䣬ɼž֮硣
΢ǣһϣһλȫ׵һѵɽϵʯϣϢڣȴѼ
ԪѾԵĹ⻪ȴԽҫĿʶԽ̥
أߵϣ⻪ɣ·˼䣬ɣ¶һĨ΢Ц
ţ
ʱĿ⿴ʣŲһ̤ǿա
ǿϣ̫ʼϣž֮Խǿ󣬳Խ˼κ
ߣһ񣬵ס
ž֮Ϣɫ㱣糱ˮһӿ
ʱ
һĻ·ʱӰһ˼䣬һſϣ̵֪ڵλʱָ̣յļ䡣
ʮλף̫ʼУ꼸ܲɷ֣໥֮䣬ǣ
ʮλſףŮʣÿһ˶Ǿž޵ǿߣؾΪͻյƣߵľ硣
ֻǣ꣬ʮλſ׵ԪãѲǧԪ
ǿϣһλſ׵󣬿ǰһӰɫã
λͬޣ
һλſ񣬷绪ʣ˿ѷɫκӺŮ

λ׻һλλӰʧһ塣
ʮ⣬ǰӰ¶һĨ΢Ц̫ǰ
֪ּˡ
ʮλſ׵ͬʱŮ٣ȴһ£ص֮䡣


1663 򽫳
ǿգʮλ׹̫˼䡣
ʱλأһһֻأĩմٺؾ䣬ʮλſΪȣʮںϣԶʤա
ǰ̫죬
մ֮ճˡ
֪
ǿУʮλſ׵𣬻ɣͻͬ겻ǿˡ
л̫ǰ
΢Цǰ಻ͬˡ
̫ףĿ⿴Զŷ󱲸лԵҲˡ
˼ˣ̫ǰȥһˡ
д⡣
̫ͷĿעǰ׷ӣ֪ǷͬУ
˼黹δˣ㲻ǰͬˡش
ˣȱһˡ
䣬̫⻪գ뿪˼䡣
ע̫뿪ıӰɫп쳣
ʮλſ׶ˣţʱᷢ츲صĴ顣
Ҳʱ֮˼䲻棬ֻ˼ˣٴʢ
ѩҪչˡ
Ůӣ
ĺѩĬƬ̺󣬵ͷȥɣһչ˹ͺ
лӦ
һպ֪չأӴ˼ʧ
Ϊ˲¶չصĵطĺѩź͹뿪ں֮䡣
ϣһ˫Ŀ⿴˼䣬ʼյȴŹѵһա
һλλ˼ǿ˼ǿԽԽ࣬Ҳǿ
Գһ򣬴سɳ޾£Ѿӽ졣
һĶעҪסʥ̥أҪ֮ɱڵʥˣ˼һƬ徻
ĽھɵĴ̥ǣɾϵΨһףµȡ磬һд㿪ʼ
˼䣬֪СУ°׷ӰϢڣϢˡ
ϣ϶ֲɣĴ֮ųѹɽ쳣
֮Ͽգ֣֮ʯϣһŽ⾪ն
ǧ֪ĵ֮ʼûʵǲǿ󣬶زʡ
ԽǿĵܵѹƱԽǿң֪ԼִǸҪɾʹڵĽϼѡ
ʱһһչȥ֮ϣʵΪŽ̳ɴ֮ŵשߣȻ֮ȴʼ޷ȫΡ
˼䣬ָǧ꣬ĺѩŹ߱˼ÿһųǣ˼̬
£ƺûг߶٣ֻǣǹӴȴԽ
ĺѩϣʱ¶֮ɫ֪ڵ̫Ѱˡ
ûаܰѹ
ǧԽƣ硣
ϣһϮǳȹķ¾עĳɳ
ע⵽˼ǹǿ𣿡Ůڣ
ţǹµͷ
̫ˡ
Ůɫصѣʥ˶Ҫη塣
λضѸ֮ܵԳٳûг֣ԭֻһ
ƽڵȹľѡ
֪ٳδ飬ʵ˵ġ
Ů̾һܵеù
Ҳûá
侲ֻҪһղȫ磬ܵʱӰ죬֪ҲӮˡ
Ůգ򣬻ҪһЩʱգϣü
ʱ䣬ȱıʱ䡣
˼䣬һųУĺѩ𣬶һ뿪ѰͻƿĻԵ
ĺѩź뿪ıӰнвᡣ
߰ɡ
֮ĺѩǣŹȥʧųǾͷ
ʱ䣬ָǧء
ڣ磬ڼ
УиУɫϲǡ

ˣ
ϣȻ˫ۣ˼䡣
˼䣬ʢһԵĺѩֲϢֱ졣
ϣ߳ǰ˼䡣
ͻȻϣƾһϢӰһ˿Цݡ
£̫졣
̫쿪ڣʮͬص춯ء
࣬ƾһˣ񡣡ڣ
ᣬһˡ
̫ʮӰ֣˲ٶΪһʮλſףʮֲͬĵƾˡ

ƣ޾Ϯǰࡣ
֮硣
̫У̫ʼ֣һն£ŭ
䣡
࣬һУ̫˰벽
ʱԶһĨӰ͸Ľģҫۡ
ʱ֣꣬


1664 ʱ֮
ڰ⣬Զǰ˼䡣
Σʱ̣̫أʱأַ̫â
̫죬ʮλ׾ۼɵڣԽֻصΪ飬һѣ𶯡
źȻƣΪ˼ʮλſ׷ŹϴԵ֮⡣
ˣӦϧԼڣʱ䷨ɢһС
Ϊ˼İΣ޾
ʮλſƽӦһ̫ʼ죬ŭ᰼Ϊ޴Уǰ
Ȼž֮Уȴڱƽ֮ʱѸɢ˼֮
һʤս֪ȴ޻ڡ
¸ҡ
˵䣬̧ɫӿأ֮ǳʧȥ˹ʡ
˥֮ʱǳ£ض⣬ƿʱȻԽߵķ룬
ɫƽ̫ӽźȻӿӲС
¡
źȻӦɢ̫졣
ֻУ֮ǿ㾡ɣǿʮλſ׻ɵ춼·硣
ʱԶһĨӰĿ֮䣬ս֮С
֮ʣտ⻪ҫ۶Ŀ罣֮ͨ飬쳹졣
ͻǿУͬѰƵ
ȴǶתͨ͸ģԤ֪ʽһš

̧֣˫ָ棬ԪǿƻС
䣡
һ̣̫̫ʼϺƵӿٵ֮С
˼˫ʥսΣһһʽǶ֮ܡ
̫֣֮źȻ֮˫Уһʱ䣬ǵʽ
սʼȵĴսսȫʥҫһһأ棬
˼˫ʥ֮ʱԷΪףʥͬΪȫӳ򣬴߶ɳ
˼ϣΨ磬෽սʤϣ
Ͽգڣ򽫳δɣƬض䡣
죬֮ܣ˺Ȼ
˼䣬ϣ޾ʥԪ죬˼䶼Ⱦ˽ɫ
ʥ̥ѣȥĺͯȴӵŻصܡ
ʮ⣬ĺѩסΣǰյĹ¶Ȼ
֪ǿҵĲĺѩ˲ùǿǿǰҪӡڵ
ӦҪչ˹
֣֡
ĺѩͿһѪԪǿ޸ڱٵĴɲǣϣһٵĴ֮ų֡
ѪԪ죬֮ŵѺۣĺѩһ֮ԪҲ֮ɢ
Ŵ֮ŵ޸ĺѩϢ˫䡣
̫飬֮ˣȴǲòѡ顣
ȣ
Ϊĺѩһȣⱬǿѹƹӿȵ
⣬иУ¶ŭɫһĳʱ޾ʱգѹ̫ϡ
˼䣬֮Ϯĺѩ󣬾޴Ľ֣Ӳ֮С
һ˵ĳУĺѩ˫Ӧ٣Ѫ졣
ᣬʳԡ
ĺѩһģ־߶ųشӣǿзӡڵ
һֻ֮ӡڣĺѩ֮ԪҲ֮ģ׷ѩѪ
δ֪С磬֪֮ųϣ֮ϣ֮Ѿӽʵ
ֻǣʱһȥѾӽɵĵ֮ȴʼ޷ȫʵ
֮ǧƺǲЩʲô
䣡
һ̣ڰ⣬һսԽң˫ʥϽȾ죬κ˶޷óų֡
Ȼ˫ʥ˭ûȴȾ죬಻Ϸ
ǣ֣
ļ֣Ϊ֮ݣʵ
̫죡

˻ش˫죬Ϊ֮С
ͬ׹ħǧ̫Ͻ
ת죬ֻؽʽ
˫죬򽣶ȫһУҫ۵Ĺ⻪˼䡣
ڣټ
˼䣬ص˼ÿһ䡣
䣡
⣬ֲĳ˵ֱӻȥƬأ˵ľ˲ӣ졢ء¡ǳȫֲĳȥޡ
С磬ڱչصؿͻȻʹȻ˫ۡ
˼䣬ĺǣ̫Ⱦ죬ȫӡʥ̥
ѪΪӡûڣֻΪɽĳŵ
ʱϣֲѹ£߳һֱһ̫š
һѪȾǿգǿϣȾѪĴ֮Ӧ顣


1665 
ĺǣ·һƻȥ̫ϵĴ֮š
ѪȾ׷̫ηɳɣŻ졣
̫Ϸ
ǿʹĺѩͣΣ˫ֽӡ졣
ɲǣһһӡ֣ûڡ

ŭһָʱ⡣
ɲǼ䣬ʱ֮ͣͣ
ʱ䵹ķӡҲѸɢ
ĺѩ״һȣѪȼ
֮ű٣ߵͷĺѩʼ٣Ϊһ⣬Զȥ
Խؼޣʱ䶼޷ļ٣תۣѾʧǿվͷ
ߵ𣿡
ߣһʱݣ羲ֹ
С磬֪չδϣ֮ųδɣʼղЩʲô
ʱС⣬һĨȾѪٻӰ֮ȻҪȼ
֪
ĺѩڣþС硣
Сǰʱ䷨ӣ
ˣ
һ̣ǿϣ仯һ޴ħ̨֣ս޶𶯡
ĺѩվսǰֳֹ鳣սġ
ֲĺѩѪɣȾ̨
̨ǰܵսĳֻ˫ʹ֮ҲԳµĹ
ˣ
ʱ̣ĺѩ˫Ѿʧȥ˹ʣһѪȼΨвд־ʹһһµսġ
ܵս֮ĳʶʹһʱ侹С
죬ԷΪ׵˼ӳ򣬺һ춯صľ򳹵״Ӵ
ɹˣ
бҫ۵Ĺ⻪һʹ˼䡣
һһ磬˼ָʱȣҲ˲ħʹײһһ죬ٳ˼ȥ
˼䣬ħ̨ϣսĺѩ彥ɢȥħ̨Ϊһ壬֮
ԼҲҪֹ𣿡
ǿѹʶľʹ˫ϣһ·ţһʱֲͬʱ䷨ѹ£Ȼħ̨
ٵĵ̨ѪĿȻ̫Ҳ޷赲ĽŲ
̫һҵն
ʱһ󣬷ʹƿն
ɫ£Ƶ½⡣
䣡
ͬʱ˼ʥȫۣӳײ
ֻһϢһ𵴡
ֻ𣿿ϧɱذɣ
ߣסΣ˫죬ʱմҡ
ϱأ
ԶһϤ˼ʥעӵĿУǿվͷһĨɫµӰ
Ĳӣһ̤ؼ䣬ÿһؼнӡ
ԭϻĽĴع飬һһ̤һ·
㣡Ľߡ
ˣȻɫҲ
£ԨʣĴνӡ֮䡣
ϣһλλ˼ʥҲ˳ΧС
սһСڣ֪Ϣʼ޷ؼһ

ԶһٶȻԹȥ
ʥ̥գԶ
С⣬쳣ѹƣֻһҶĿս
֮ǿ޿ɱ⣬һλλ˼ʥǰͺ̵ĳǰȥϧն
֪ȵһսǿվȥһһڴսлΪ˼侭ǰδеһ١
սУ֮춯أһֱƽһ򣬺
ս־ֱײ޾壬Խɱ
ǿ˼ʥΧһʱ䣬֧׾
ͬʱСǰһѱӰ֣ʥʱ̣С硣
СڣһƬǻͿʶѰʥ̥䡣
֮⣬ڵأһֱδ
Զϣ޴Ĵ֮ųˣǰδ
ǻ֮źڡ
ĪĿ־ǻҶѰҵʥ̥ǰʥ̥Сȥ
СڣиУ˫ۻȻ
ɲǣ˫Уƿն˲Ϣ֮⡣

һѪǻģ룬ֱӴ͸
ܴǻȴǲͣ°̣ƴСȥ
Զ֮£һӰʧ
ʱ䲻ʣòǰأһǻƻӹס
ǻһͣڹ԰ǰߡ
ʱͷ­룬Ѫ˴ۡ
ǰҪعͻȻΧʱձã
󷽣ƿգڡ
ȻȴǲܣӲ֮
ڣȵһա
Ӳһ죬ɫȴ¶ϲõķʱ䷨ӣʥ̥ɡ
ɲǼ䣬ۣʮն֡


1666 ս
С磬ʥ̥ʮն֡
ɲǱΣֱӽС顣
ǿգ˼ʥɱȻδ֮㱻ֲɳȥ
׵һĻϢԽʥδ֪
ʮ˾޴󣬺˵һȦһȦ˼䶼
ʥ̥𣿡
ڲӿ¶֮ɫĿɨΧ˼ʥ̧𣬵֤ǵľ
Ȫɡ
¥Уɫ˿֣߳ϻȪǹ˿죬Ȫ·
ʥɫ䣬Ȫǹƿʱգǰ
˼ʥ֮Уƾ춯أȻ˫ȴ޶ԣƷʧɫ
ʱգ潻ԽʥĴڣƿ
һУֻźȻһȪǹӦ飬¥һͣ׿˼ʥ𾪵Ŀ⣬¶һĨѵ΢Ц
ˣ
Ļһ춯صıը¥ԱţҪش
õ
ŭУڣɢȥΧķˣĿ⿴һߵǧ䣬һ㣡
䣬״롣
ָΪɱ˼ʥлعʩΪ
ֻڶ˼һλλʥ˱ɳȥǧὣףһ̶Ľ֮ĿѪɽ
ǧ䣡
ŭڣԪն
ļԺֵ㣡
ƣ½֪ɳȥ
Եʵ࣬ʥȻɵ
սУעǰɫԨԲ
һԣŮħԪħڣǿ쳣
һ
Ůڣ
ߺá
»Ӧ
ƽ·ֻ֮Ѱĵ𣬰Ҳǰĸ
ŮȼһѪħԪΪһž˵ħֱײ
սУиУ˫֮Ӳħ
䣡
ħ֮УʱշתѸٻȥħ֮
һλһλ˼ʥսȴǺˣԵȻ
죬Ůսؼħع飬һ°׷Ӱħ
£ҿ޷ȥˣء
ǰ˼Ĵս˵һ䣬Ӱ˼ȥ
˼䣬ǿϣĿѪƮ㣬ԳԽһеĵֿԵ
ȻԽʥڴ磬Ĳࡣ

ĸģڤڤڤǰ¶֮ɫ
塣
ʱԶʬɽθɽУظ־߳ǿϢȻͬա
ظ־ֵһ̣ǿռ䣬һѺ֮ԻÿһѺУ԰Ƶ߳
Ӳͬʱյս֣ظ־Уɫ⻪ֵԻƸʤ
ɱ
һ£ɹɶ˻ײǰ
֮С
ֲ̧֣󺣣԰ƵΪҽ
ǰظ־ףһ۵ȴ޾µӣ΢Ц벻ż棬𣬹Ůһ
˵꣬ظ־档
㣬ͬаɡ
ظ־ڣ
š
ڤڤͷؿһ۲Զӣ㽻ˡ
䣬ڤڤڤӿظ˫ʥֲ֣ʥӿȣԼ䣬Ҫδ֪ľ硣
ҵһĻظ˫ʥ棬Я֮ٶײ
ޱݣ⺧˵ıըȥݣޡ
ɺ裡
˫ʥӲһ̣սУĴ涯ˣն
̫һ
ǰǿѹбʹָּͬ
˫֣޽
棡
𵴵ĹУӰ֣˫Ƶ˫Ϣ𵴡
ս⣬¿һĻ
䣡
һ̣ٶȱˡ
һ䣬޵
нһתɢӰٶǰ
ȻƵգɳΣնĿڡ
ĽߣһУ֮
֣ߣսַֿ˫Ʒת˼žҡ
ǿϣ޴ĺɫг֣У״
ɽ֮£
˫˻֮ͬУ֮Ƽޡ
ɽ֮£
Ȼͬ¾磬˼佣ĩ˼䡣


1667 
ǿգȺ쳾
׵Ľϼ䣬ɽչһϼ֮ϣƾ졣
յ㣬˫ƿϣС羰֣䣬޴оǿͶ㣬ء
ǿĳ޴б٣ƿǰĻԪ֮

һƺߣ˺벽Ԫ𵴡
ʮ񶯣ݵһ˲ڵѸٸԭ
ͬʱǿϣ𿪣죬ս֮ϣѪɢ
䳬Խ磬ȴԳ֮ŴսĽУԽԳų֡
ս⣬Ԫ֮ӦҪĴ档
¡
߿ڣƽҶ޷ԼĽ
˵꣬ɫ⻪𣬻뽣ѹ𺳾ǳ
ɲǼ䣬ϣ¡¡һ϶ΰĽų֣ؼ䣬
ɽ֮¡
ɽ£ƽţһĻǿУնţ֮ĽӦ١
˵ľɫһ¶֮ɫ
Զͬɫɫ¡
ԡ
ϣٵĴ֮ѸٻΣɽ
Դ֮Ϊδ֮٣Ѫ뽣ɢ룬Ƚ
ɽԵΪԽ١
ֻǿռ䣬һ϶ǿչ⻪ΨһӳչŽ
ǰδеĽبΨһȻ⣬ֱӴݻǿգն
ս⣬ܵȫɳȥ
񱩶ֲֿĽ⣬ΪĲɢ룬ҫ۶Ŀס
ߣǿĶ֡
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