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ݼ飺
һѧصʱֱ֮෢˳Ŵһʱʼؽֳ֮·
һΣأͬʱҲһѪڵģǿ߱ʱ
õ˳ŴǿߵʴԼ֮ĳƷһʱɱһ·
ţ˼ҲǣԴҵĵҩܶ㣡
УĴоҵԺǵ;޾λ棡
Хڡġռ䡷֮ŻѪĵãһȫµʱҲһʱ


һ 


1 ʱ
ִ˵ʵνҲãڹҲãܣƾղģܴͨţΪ֣֮еʱ򣬾ڵʱĻͿĵӣ
ʮУʮһĽڣһԼĪʮ£ɫ̴˵
ҵһƬ޴ϯӣվϯӵ롣
ΧΧʮѧʮһڵѧЩѧʮģŮͬһ
ЩѧУһƫƧĽ֮УһԼĪʮ꣬Ľ˶ģ㣬Щѧ֮Уʵ̫ƽӹͲˡ
ƷǸӣǸʮһͷ䣬˵ǴӾֲģھҲ¹ĹͣǺ֪ΪʲôͻȻˣʮн飬ϵ⣬϶ڽ̡
Թνĸ˵ʵһֱֺ۵ʶΪʲôֻи˲ſ䣿˵ţͣһ£ָһѧ˵˵Ϊʲô
Ǹѧһ£Ȼ󿪿˵ΪϰĹ̾ǲѪḶֻ́ģûвĻĻܿ죬ʱ˲֥֮Ĳҩܹһ˸Ѳ𣡡
ԣԹʱˣҲ٣Ƿëǣһֱ෢ؽ磬˳ŴƼ˫ش󱬷˲֥ʮģϰĶĿˣͨ˵ĲԲܹ֧ŵ˶ϰĳʱͷ˵
ʱƷԺ֮ȴǸֳʷѧĹʷ
ǰʱ2035꣬һ޴Ľâ˺ʣᴩ棬˴֮С
һƬ޴֮УҸ𣬰Ұ˿ڲʮڣо󲿷ֶǻˣ˻ĸʱ
Ϊһѣ࿪ʼѰһ԰ĵ·
գڱâ˺ѵѷһߣһ磬ڵؽ硣
Ҳʱ
̤ؽŷ֣ؽ粻ʺ棬ͬʱҲʺһЩǿ棬ΪĴڣ½ǿޱȵޡ
˸߿Ƽ࣬Ҳ޷еùЩǿޣһЩǿޣ˵䲻£˵ؽ磬һȱԵֵĴӪ
ʱؽϴڵĳŴ͵ߵȫһϵƾǿ޵ϵ
һмֱǰС˵˵磬ƾھԽԽĳŴϣϵʼȫϰĴʱ
ߺ͸߿Ƽ˫ſʼؽ㣬ڱЩ塣
ˣʱʱ̿Щǿ޵вĳɿܱƣһƣʮϰǧ˲ɱֻ㷢Ρ
򾲺ʮУֻǾʮѧ֮һҷǳͨĸжѡ
ڴֱ֮󣬵ϴ󲿷ֵĻѾʺˣľסѾһĹʱΪɢľ棬һγʮУÿһжڵ˿ڣҲʮڵ˿ڻڵ򣬲ûǰؽ֮С
Ϊؽ֮УȺ̫ǿˣʺһ棬ϵȻҲڴֱ֮˱죬ڳ޽ʱ仹̣ʱ䣬ؽ绹Ķˡ
оʮ֮һĶеǳ֮һȻȲ϶ˣҲǧ˿ڡ
ܵ˵ǰѾǿ̫ˣǰֻм˲ܵõеȨνǷëǣڣΪ˶ԿЩǿޣѾ뾡ӵĽռÿˡ
ͷ˵пɲǹ츳Ϳˣ·ƣȱһɣϰĹУʵ˺ܴģʮ껹׳ǰزҲԽԽ졣
Ŀǰ˵ԴʵԼܣԼԽߣŻԽ࣬ле߼ľ磬Ϊһеĸڣ䱳ֶ˱ͦǹҪֱһ⽨ʱдʦġس衷оƣԲеһ˼ֻ޵ǲԵģӦ˫ޣ
Ʒͷ뵽ǰѧĹе֪ʶ֮·ޱȣԴӷ˳Ŵ֮Щ߾֮̽еһ綼˳׵壬
ǿؾ֮·ͨ۵·ϣͬޱߴ󺣣Ƕɺۣ֮ԽǿԽпܺǰޱ߱˰
ĸ֮Ϊ
ֳַ͹ǣƤ׳ѪӣȾŸС硣
ֻнԲǴ˸ΪҪɸת͵Ҫǿǡ
ĵھŸСһ֮󣬱ڵﴦٳһ֮󣬾ܹԴԴϵν
֮к죬ȵȣƷҲͲ˽ˣϾʮеʦܶҲֻѣ쾳Ĵ֣жࡣ
֪֮д󲿷һºķְ࿼ϣӦöưֻ࣬ܿĿư࣬Ҫף˵гɣ˵ԺҪ꣬ҲÿԼУ˵Ŀɨϵÿһˣ˵ʱ˵ƽżʮ꣬һ궼ΪʲôΪ岻ãڴǽ״̬˲˭ʱˣ˶ߣƽͳһ꣬Դﵽһٶʮ꣬ϰĺôˣ
̸ưĿư飬ƷɵɫмȻ
Ȼ˶˵츳Ҳиߵͣʮеı׼ܹڸְ֮ǰﵽصģ츳ģЩ˾ͻᱻ䵽ư࣬ľһģЩǱĿưࡣ
ְ֮ǰĿƺƵĽѧǸһһ룬Ƚƽڷְ֮󣬾ͻѸٷֻ
ư࣬˼壬ưѧѧϰĻ֪ʶʱͻʵ٣ʱͶ뵽֮С
ĿưѧȻ˵ǴӴ˸Ҳѹʱ䣬ѧϰĻ֪ʶȡѧһͰĳΪϰ塣
ΪഺѪˣ֮⣬󲿷˶ܹΪһǿߣΪʵǿ󣬷ޣΪ׬ǮףĿưҵͰ׬̶ʣưıҵǼţǼӣǳΪĳҹ˾ĹӶȥɱޣǮȽϿ졣
˵еٮٮ߻ܹȥؽ磬ŴѧʥؽޣΪµĳǿߡ
Ȼʵǲпģÿһ˶츳󲿷츳һ㣬Ҳѵõֻ࣬бֳ㹻츳ЩѧŻᱻѡư
Ʒûʲô츳һ֣ϵҲֻأ˵ǺЩܹư˱ȣЩעҪĿưѧҲڣֻѰ
ˣĿγ̾͵ˣĿγòҪ٣ΪһῪʼһʵսõ似ˣǲٽ̵ڶεģô俴λѧ˵
ˣ
λѧʱ׷ǰһ˵


2 еô
ѧǰһɲǲ˷ܣҪ֪һϣڹһеĸڣڻδ֮ǰǶǴĽ׶Σ׶ߵԽԶδĺôҲԽࡣ
Ҫڸְ֮ǰأлῼư࣬似Ҳǻ̯ڹʱ䣬ٿưϣ
ЩܶҳվҪѧУ޳ѧϰ似Ŀγ̣Ϊ˲Լĺӷģ˷ʱ䡣
Щѧ֮ǰڻҲûʲôΣգѧ似ôҲ
ھͲͬˣһºǷְ࿼ˣʱ˵Ѿ˶ˣϾͿϣϵľͿϣҲνˡ
Уڹֻһ룬ʣµһ似һ似ܹһ似ǾԼߵˡ
似УҲͬҪû˻ӣ
ȻҲ˶û似ģΪҲǿԵҪЩ츳ߵģѾʼ似ˡ
ƷɨһͬѧȻЩ˲ΪӦöй似ģЩ˻ǰ༶츳һˡ
϶ܽưģĶصġ
ڳƷ˵Ǻ˷ܵģСҲûܽӴ似Ȼ֪ͷҪѧ似ܼ򵥣һЩͼ似϶ѧĵֻҪһЩǮͿˡ
סԼĳ嶯һΪ֪Լ츳һ㣬ʱͲˣȥ似͸ûϣưˡ
Ҳǲ˷ѽǮѧУ̵ġ
˵¿֮󣬾ͺܿ뿪ˣҲãҲԸ˷ʱ䡣
һӶȻ˶ʲô似Ͼ󲿷˶ûѧ似˷ܡ
һ˶ʼʰĿγ̽ˣǶҪؼˡ
ƷҲʼʰ׼ؼˣһȥˡ
̤̤̤̤
һŲȴһķֵ꣬Ʒ£һͿ챻űˡ
Ȼŷ֣ʵĽŲ㣬һ·ٵķɱȴĲҲһΪġ
ǳƷ֮һߺ־һʵĸ߸֡
̫˽ԼˣȻһΪǿˣȻѾھصΪЩܽưͬѧҲٮٮߣƽʱΪͺֵȫһ£žͲվţܲͲ
ȻķΪķֻ򣬵̲ס룬ѾĸΪֳӵİɡ
Ǽʶ̫ԶˣӦύƽ磬ƫƫڸﴦĺܺãζͶ
ǿѧԺĳŴżѲչһֽѧУչأƽʱǶԳŴȤôȥߺ־
Ŵżðȥߺ־˵Ҳ˳ƷȤ
Ʒ͸ߺ־ѧУרſٵչʱѾɽ˺ʮȻֻǾʮѧкͨһȫУʦҲֱ֮࣬һС͵ĳ򣬶Щ˶չ֪ö³ʲôӡ
ڴֱ֮󣬶ڳŴоͷ򣬸ԭҲҲᾭһЩôҪĳŴżĴչ
һѲչʮеĳŴżֻһѲչʾĳŴż֮кٵһְˡ
Ʒ͸ߺ־ƶţƷĿⶢЩ˸ֻеչƷгŴʯ̣ҲвȱıȵȣȻʵϼֵȴǺܸߡ
ǰ棬һָӹŹֵд˵ǳŴ֣ڳѧ˵ʲô¡
ΪԴ֮ųŴھͷ֣ѧϰԣѾǴСı޿ˣǹʱĻѧѧϰӢһ
ԣ˻Ĺʱе׭֣Ҳ֣һϵӢҪһЩˡ
ҲΪƵĹϵʷѧһֱһ˵ؽ֮еĳŴ϶͹ʱĻĳϵֻڻ޷õ֤ʵѡ
ʱ䣬Ѿܹǧֵĳù׭֣ȻкܶƫƧõٵĹ׭޷룬ǳĹ׭ֶѾܹްˡ
Ʒ۵һĿţЩȻͶܶˣ̿ӡŵͼƬϵЩҲ࣬ϡ棬ֻʵˡ
أȴһչ̨һ͹ӵĹŽıϣһž޴ͼƯһŽ档
ͼϣһɽͼģɽˮīӺ磬ȻǻģȴƷһֺʵӡ̽ȥһ
ƺе㲻˼飬Ϊֻһˮīѣ
ϸߣǷҲչƷôƷָָչ̨֮еɽͼ
Ŵֽ˵ҲʱˣôԶʱĨȥһдڵĺۼһɽͼȻǸոջӺɵһ
ƷȻΪߣҲ֪ھ򳬹ŴĹУżʣƺһЩʱ¡
Щ϶ԹΪִԭķһ㶼Ҫϰǧ򣬸˵ǴӳŴһֱĳŴǶǼֵǵġ
ֶôһѧУչֻչƷûһɽͼٷ֮һֵǮɡ
һ㿴˰ɣߺ־ųƷָŵķȥʲôûɵúɵĿһ۳Ʒ
ûлߺ־ķӦóƷʲôЦôһȻû
ȻûУҩͣߺ־ĳĳƷļһ˵ӣ˵˻Ҫ壬㿴ۻ˰ɣ
ݶƷһŲڸߺ־һϵĳ嶯
ٶȿȥһƯһŽϷ
ڿΧˣƺûһע⵽ƺֻԼע⵽һ㡣
ѵǿˣƷҲе㲻ȷҲܸŲȺȥȷ
أڴʱһȻһӻһâ߷Ӷ˲ûԺ֮С
䣡
ʲôڳƷԺ֮ըˣӦʱ䶼ûС
оԼڷ⣬ȫޱȵľʹȫÿһϸжлɽ緢ÿһϸ˺ѡ
ͬʱԺ֮һӿĻ档
һһޱȵʵһˡ
һԻ͵ĴҲǿĵزһһļԪɨһһλ棬һһ塣
һϵţ꿪ʼӴʮѾʶҩʮѾԶĵʦ
ʮ֮ʼ£ʮѾΪΪϱĵʮ꣬Ѿﵽǰ޹ˣߵĵʵľ硣
ڵ֮ϣǵļ̳˹˵ѧʣҲƳ³£õΪѧ֮һ
ĵҩǻҲҪĶһȥҪ˵
νǴﵽ۷壬⣬һֱһս⽵һͼ˵ߵᡣ
Ϊͼһöܹ˳񣬴ﵽ˰Ĵڡ
ǵҲμ˴սһֲĴսħսҲӰ֮мħһǿĲ˼飬׽£ܡ
սϣЩӰǿͬħһҲͬģ壬ӣΨһǿޱȣһһ֮ͬʱԿϰħҲֻܹͬһ˫ɫӣͬһ棬֮лص
սԽļңЩǿħһֲ󲿷ҲȥˣֵӵһԻƽӵΰӰ
ѵĳȻеɽͼ񣬵ǱҲܵ˸ߵļ𣬱Ͳóܿˣ֮Ǽ仭Ȼжˡ
ƷҲȻһӴξ֮˹


3 ѵļҾ
һоξҲ֪ȥ˶ãҲֻȥһӣҲȥһ꣬ڣƷ޾ξ֮˹
꣬꣬꣡
ƷϵĴŴֻһ˲ѣȻоǹȥһһٶѹ
еһĻĻһ㣬ӸտʼѧϰʱΪԶĵʦʱ緢ٵɾ͵ʱĻԻͣһֱ䣬ÿһĻ쳣
ھԶǰۼ֤һսһ
Ļƻ裬һǴǿһ
ƷҲ֪ǿĸжǿϾĲλ̫ˣܵľãֻԶЩħһǿҪǿ
Ķֺų˵ըڹʱֱ󣬵Ҳû˵˭ܹ׽¡
ӦǣŴƷеĳЩʹõ֣ȷʵǹ׭û
ֻǲ֪ʲôԭһԻ֮Ŀ֮ս͵ʵľԼʵļȻͨһɽͼһȫӿԺ֮С
ѾˣԲΣôģǿߵǿ붼벻ģȻδǲףŴ˺ܶܶܲ⿪
һֱʷѧһֲ²⣬ǾǳŴһһʢѧʢ½ھ򵽵صĶͿԿó
һ벻һεȾʵ磬ڽ֮˾Ϳʼˣ˵Ҳֻʱ䡣
ھ򵽵ĳŴŴѾǿʢ˺ܶˡ
Ҳɻǿʢ֮ĳŴΪʲô伣ˣ
Ҳʷѧδ֮գھ򵽵Ŵ˥ȥģһҹ֮ʧġ
ʲôأ
ѵǺеһ֮սйϵô
ƷֻǸоʲôڸоԼ˼άǰδеĿ֮Ҳǰδеģؼһжһˡ
ָо˵ԣ²ȥоҲоõ֮еı仯Ƹоȫ£
٣ʲôأߺ־Ӹղվţòǿ˰ɣϽģؼˣ
ߺ־ƷĴǸλһʢ֮˻תۿһΧѧǶڽɢȥϦ£˵Ӱĺܳ
û£ƷҡҡͷջǾղŵһĵף˭Ҳ˵
ôоһˣߺ־һ۳Ʒ˵ȻԼѺƱĲһˣĶĲһˣ˵ֻǸо˶һˣһ̥ǵĸо
ǲֱ˧ˣû취˱ô˧ƷٺһЦ˵
ķ֣ԽԽҪˣߺ־üͷ˵ղŵһ˿ĸоҲʧˡ
ˣٷϻˣȥɣƷܹоĲͬѾȲҪؼȥúüһµʲôˡ
һУ֮󣬸ߺ־һгˣʱѾˣˣһȾûУڷϵͳĹ㷺ãٻڵܣֱӷУʱ֪Ҫ߼١
ƷҪһʱȥڹʱռʱӵ˷ǳ࣬ʱѾɷгǼ۸ҲŲǣһҲԹͨҲǰδеķ
ٶȷǳ죬ǶʮңƷѾˣһΪľС֮УС֮һ¥ãСΧʼиֱʩڹʱСһ˸ס𣬵ʱⷴΪƽľǮˣڱ֮УǻǰʩƽҪ̫ˡ
˵л˸ݳŴ֮µ󷨵֪ʶ¾󷨣ʹñŨȸƽüؽ֮еŨȡ
֪Խ࣬ĺôҲԽ࣬ÿŨȵ²ҲǱĬĸ壬ﵽĿģĻǾ͸ˣΪͻͽڻ£ɳֻ֮£ɲԶԶһˡ
֮УֻѾǳˡ
룬ָƣɨ֮󣬷ڴ򿪣ӳһһƽҵķӣСҲ
裬ãһˣ
ƷЬӡ
һᣬϾͳԷˣְֻǾͿ
ӳ߳˿ԼĪʮµˣĸΧΧȹϴżº͵Цݣʱ˵ܳʮ꣬Ҳ൱ڹʱʮˡ
ǳƷ裬ܿ
磬һöŮȻһѹľȴһԼĪʮģŮŵδһ䷿֮г
ŮʮģȴֻʮһӣԱͬ˰˲ֹһͷ˫Ҳήģһ̺Ӹ档
Ʒ߹ȥŮͷĵط֮ȴۺͲ̡
ó棬ȫ˵ͷͬʱҲȫеһ鲡
Ϊϵȱݣӳʼ°ͿʼήҲ֪ʲôʱʼֻߣҲãսݣʮˣȴֻʮһӣͷЩݻơ
ʱҽѧˮƽѾǳˣʱβõİ֢̲ಡʲôģʱʲô⣬ֻСѡ
ȱݣȴһ⣬ȻǰЩҲ˿ȱݵļǶҲҪǧҵƷóҼ۳ȴҲ޿κΡ
ҵȫĸÿǧ룬һЩҲһ࣬㲻ԲȣҲҪϰܸ
Ҽάֳڵ״ÿ춼Ҫ´ҩҪֲӪѾһǮ
޷ư࣬ƷῼȥĿƵĴѧҪá
ȻСû취ȥѧȴɵۣ֪ѴʲôΪѵҪ෴ģÿ춼ڼﲻȥѧϰ֪ʶͬĳҪҪԶԶǣʴӱһûʲôܹѵסƷһЩԼ˵ⶼҪ̳档
ۣϰĻ϶ԶԶƷţѧĵĻҲΪĿĴѧҡ
ΪˣƷŸۣ޲Լ֮ϰ䣬ѧģϰ䣬츳̫һˣԶԶóɫ
磬ҽҵһֹ䶷ֱƵĽ˵Ѿвٷ˿أʱԼ׬ǮҲˣ
һ˫۾˷ܵ˵
㱿̸ʲô۲۵ģ
ԽǶ£ƷԽǲܣаģһ죬һҪ취׬㹻Ǯκõȱݡ


4 
ôҲȥ˵ˣ˼ҪСѾͷƬӣƷеܣ¶Ц˵
ʱѾȫ˹ʱС˵磬ϣܹʵһģһûʲôġ
ĿƼǾȻûпܾ뵽֮еģʷϵļأڽؽĹ֮УõһıΪ龳ִе磬龳ΪĹģܹ͵ĸԭ
ϰ䣬ʵȶдˣϾͲˣϸ䶷Ķֱܶ࣬Щĸ֮ıȶǾ͸ǳ˶ȥ
䶷ֱĴȣȻҲĽ˵Ľ˵ܹʱصıЩõʲôʽƶ֮ʤ֮ġ
Щ˵Ҳײܶ˿Ľ˵׬Ҳܶࡣ
磬Ҳ̫СˣϽ˵䶷ƵǵкüˣԲֱվԸֳ˵أβס˷˵
Уȥ£û뵽ûˣԺС˰ƷСԴ˵
ϸҲͲˣҪ䶷Ľ˵Ըѧж϶ǳ
ⷽ츳ãȻ۹ҪǿĶˣƽʱûϴҲֻвϵѧϰˣϧҲͲֱܹ߶⡣
ǣ϶СңСԴһʤĽСģǿɰ
أԶ򿪣һߴӰ˽һװģԼĪʮģӡ
֣
֣
æ˵ǳһ֮ĳɡ
ĳֻʱһͨϰ壬ÿüǧǮĹʣҲ͹ոҰˡ
ĳЩƣǵŮʱϻ¶˼Цݡ
ãԷܿ˳˶һһ˹
ȻǼҳˣڹʱһ˵ļ۸Ͳˣ˲Σ¹ף֥ȵȣЩټĲƷܹģֳҿٴ죬˲붼ǰϵݣΪ죬Ȼ͵Ķûʲôֱ
ʳѾǧ򻧣ҲŲĴʱ
Եһ룬ĳͻȻ˵ˣһҲ㶼˵ˣҷȥμһºᣬպҲף쿼ư࣡
ȥȥʲôȥ˽շǮ֮⣬ΪˇNɪ԰ӿư£ܿһƣֱ˵
ҲǸ˼ĳɿţɵæ˵
ʲôǸ˼ɩʲôҲ˽𣬲԰£ЩⶼٴˣҾ벻ˣĳɣҲǰֵĶӰɣƾʲôѽĶӳʱ򣬰Իؼȥһϴ赤ϴ裬Ʒأ˼죬ǳôˣЩʲôʲôʱֵĵǵģܿü΢ֱ˵С岻ãֽǮѣЩ軨Ʒ϶ǮƫҲ
ĳڨڨһЦ˵Ҳ֪һѾûܾãѵó˸Ʒ֣Ҳָҫ棡
ʲô֣Ҫûаָϴ赤ϴС󣬼ʮҩݣΪܿɵ˵ĳɣǼѾѵˣ濴ûǮ軹ҪǮңЩ½½ʮȥмͷǮ𣿡
ⲻѾлرڲܿưˣѾѧĵʦҪѧأʱһ˶մⰡĳֻЦЦ˵
մ⣿մôǼұͿǣھ͸ˣ㻹ָմˣҲˣ
ֱܿվתͽӡ
ĳæ˽ȥϵĳƷͳãһֲֵӡ
Ʒʢһ˲μԼֳһ뷹ϰ֮ˣθȻ
ҲִʼḻĳԲ
ֻǳƷȴûôƽǸԼֻмֻøֱԼجһ
츳һĳƷͬʱ򣬱ۿϣ޲̾үүΪȥұһöֵǧϴ赤ϴ裬ԳСͱֲ츳ڣϼС͹ҩĸҩԡٶȼ졣
Ʒ൱ϸֻǳƷֻϵѰľʮУϵǶеһУõѧУƼƣĶܿʮУõһܿʮУһѧ
ŸոϸȻͱѧĵʦҪѧ˵ǸҹҫһҲΪ
ѧһĴѧܹеˣ֮УʮһǾӢ֮еľӢ÷⽨ʱĻ˵Ǿǳ࣬ھв֪ٽٳѧĸ߹Ҳйѧиֿн磬ý磬Ļˣʤ
ѧھǳ϶һõǰ̣
Ϊֻ˼ĳƷȻΪһȽϵĶֹһ˵ֱ˵ҵľе˳˰ɣֻĳƷһ㶼ûзֱֵǷ
Ʒһ˱ȲǺΪŵĳȣ˵ͷҲûʲôˡ
˶ģСıȽӣƷôһ㲨ûУֻѧأڱ棬Ϊ֪ĵˣЩЦˣֻ۰ԼĸĸŻġ
뵽Ʒֿ˳棬֮гſϧ츳ƽӹǳȴͬ츳ߣһ㶼ȳҪƫƫ˵ĲƽһĹֲʲô츳Ҳսήҵ
Ʒŷﲻʱȴ֪ѵûйô
үүʹ˵ʲôʲô˵ǮͽǮô
һ֪˸׵Ĵ㣬֪ԼⱲӿܶû취׬㹻Ǯãǳȴͬ츳ڣеľӢǧȻ࣬ǶǸʱĳ˵Ҳ̫ѡ
ҪǸʱĳ飬һѣõĲоˣ
ΪĴ㣬Żеϣƾүүʹ󲮺ȥ
һҪıһУ
Ʒ뵽ɵս˫ȭָǶյĲҰףָУҲ֪
óҲԺãƷ궼ʰһ£ϴ֮УⶼִƼǰϴ룬ᱻϴɾȻԶڷ
ʰһ֮󣬳Ʒӣţ˴֮µһϣʼе


5 ˼ٶ
Ʒ˼˻뵽˽ѧУıʣǸʵ̫ʵˣ¾һ˵һֱ˼顣
޷ͣǼĿƼڳŴҲкܶδ֮ա
ţԲΣֻǲ֪ʲôԭõ˵ʼĴжѡ
ҲǸ֮󣬲˱仯
ֱ仯Ǻõģڵֻǰδеˬ綼ɫޣҲøˣȫ¸оʹһһС
ҽֱ仯κһˣܵľ˵ȥĻֻ»Ȼ󲨣һߵļ䰡ܱץȥСƬо
ֻе֣֪ʵɽͼĶȥˣɽͼоŵҲ֪Ķȥˡ
˺һ벻ףƷҲֻзˣܿͽ˼˻ʼ
Ժ֮Уֳһƪھǡھ⡶ھ䷢ģھһڹĻ
ֺѧʦǰ̣ھ򵽵೬Ŵھģ֡ھȽǳԣʤƽȣӡ
Ҳڹķһ˵ҲֻƽŻ᳤ھЩţߴ壬ɵӵܣǸиԵĴУɴ಻⡶ھ
ԭƷҲǡھԺ֮еʴСеļ䣬ʵ츳һϣǿ˸ǰ޹˺ߣϵ츳ͺһˣܹߵľ磬̶ܴΪĵҩӲȥģƽʱãͬĻߣ̾Գԭˡ
ܹļǵõǰ뷨
ڼţһݺ˲֣ȴԭǼһжǿסģΨУǺصĸ
һҪȫУ
Ȼ˴ʱҪѧ˿Ͻ㣬ѧԨԴĻֻܻǮѧһǮ
ԭƷΪڹգھͲˣȻ츳һ㣬񹦾ѧȴǲ١
ľߣͷϵʱ½½յߵ񹦾ѧͺܶˡ
ѾѡĿˣǸУͬʱԿϰٻߵģΰħһӰ
Ǽ㵤Ǹʱ֮УҲǿƾ޵У˹ϵبŵһߣʾ
ڵʵļ֮Уһδľţʾ꿪ʼϰ䣬ʲôѧ־һһܹ£֮󣬾ܹʱ򣬾ѾȵʮʱһѾûе֡
ʮѾܾи֣оҲûа취Լʱ򣬱棬
ʮ꣬Ѿ¼䴳ºպڼݹʦҲ֪ܹǿУҲɱܡ
ʮʱ뵱ʱµһ֣˾մսɽۣ֮еһβҰܡ
˾մ֮٣͵رչʮ꣬ڴ󳹴񹦴ɡ
ʱԼ⵽¾һգ㵥ǹƥǧʮ߸նɱԼˡ
Լ˾մһսҰ֮Ϊһ֡
ʮʱ㿪˻ʼţʼս䡷Ϊ֮
˵ڵϵţôʾϵţ֮Уѹ޵С
ڵʱʾ򵤻ҪһöȥİŮӣԡʼս䡷ֻǵʱԼҲɣȻԵҩѻȥģֻܹһ¡ʼս䡷ܷϹޡ
ڣǱ˳ƷˣΪǳϹҲ㲻ʲô
Ȼ֪Ϲ޵Ļܸϲһºְ࿼ˣ֪һԵְ࿼ʲô
Ժֻлʾʮ֮һΪڵҲѰˣǻġ
뵽ƷɵֱҧɢȥеĹһĨѪֻɢĴۣ˵ˣһЩϸСľϣҲͬ˵Ĳᡣ
ڹʱڴһϣſƼķչϳŴھҽѧˮƽѾͻͽˡ
ԱߵóһƿȻ̫صƣһЩС˻ûġ
ŴʱչҼһԱʱ֮裬ֻһƿҪǮƽʱá
һСƿҲֻһٴζѣ⼸ѾĹ½½˾ʮΣֻʣʮˡ
ƽһζҪۺþãٿûˣһΣȴҧģһԼĿʮΡ
᲻úײǣοں˵ʵļ֮󣬵ʵļʵҲڲ֪Ӱĸӹɴ²Сڣƽϡ
һԭ˵ϸСľҲһ֮Уõ˻ָˡ
ȻǵһˣÿһΣоִѧȷʵ棬ǵʼ֮еĳŴʢ֮ҲûĶ
ִѧȷʵгŴ֮
Ժ֮УֳһƪΪ쳤ؾûʼڹķǡʼս䡷֮صĻʾڹķʼս䡷һѧ䣬ɲֻǼڹĻʾѧѧС
ոտʼ쳤ؾûʼͶʱ͸оȫ¶Ǵ۴۵ģȫµѪⶼ˺˿
쳤ؾûʼһ壬һΪ֮ǿʣ֮壬ݺأ޵С
ͬʱҲ쳤ؾûʼĻûͬôĹ
Ȼ֮岻һ͵ģǷֳ׶εģֻǵһѡ
ֻһޱȵʹ֮࣬ǰѧУʱ򣬵õдеʱȫÿһϸ˺˵ֺûôʹ
ʱڣ֫ٺ֮в֪ʲôʱһɹһ޸˺ѵѪ⡣
ٶʹһĸоٶȸ˳̸оˡ
ƷҲ֪ΪʲôͶ뵽֮С
һ۾㵵Ŀ
һأôˣ
о̺֮ǿһڵʱǿ˺üֱһϵġ
Ǹϲǣ˿ʱ䣬ֻǲһСʱѣȻһأҪ֪ǰһʱ򣬿ķ°
һȻֻڵһҪ㶼סˣûκεãɻֻ̫ˣϵѵ㶼ӭж⡣
֮ǰʱ򣬺ܶطǲ̫˽⣬ֻհ̲ĽôϡͿ˹ȥˣеһУܣͳͳա
ǰδеǰδе
ѵţνҲûôٶȰɣ
뵽ƷûֱͣӼ
һо֤ˣ֮ǰһвΣһе񼣻ڼ
ڶأ͹ǣ
أƤ
أ
أ׳
Ʒ۾ȫţʮ꿪ʼӴУڣˣŸո׳˿ʱ䣬ӳӣʼڲŸո賿
ҲСʱʱ䣬֮ǰ·ǺεȵٶȣƣҲ̫˰ɡ
Һŵ˵ڵ֮ǰǿ˺üһԴ֮ǰԼü
ԭ˯ʱˣڴоһ˿˿⣬ǾȣʱðһͷȻ֮ǰô죬ôȥأ
ؽأ


6 ͻ
뵽˵Ʒʼתˡ쳤ؾûʼĿھ˺ѵʹٶȳˣͬʱһĸоҲͬʱˡ
˺ˬͬʱӵ£Ʒ˵ҧ
Ҫ׳۷壬׳˼ǿ󣬿ʹ־ҵı˺ѣֱ޸ֱ˺ѣֱָ֮УǶôʹˡ
ڣٶ۾ʱѾСʱ֮ˣ
׳۷壬ѾĴǲٶȻҵϣҪֻ֪һǰŸոͻƵ׳ΪҪ²ͻƵ׳۷أƷʱ˼άʱ뵽˺ܶ顣
ٶ֮죬Ϊ쳤ؾûʼǿ֮⣬ҪǣѾ൱̶ȵĸ죬ٶȾٿ죬Ҳڶ̶̼Сʱڵоͳ֮ǰ
Ǹʱ򿴶һŹ⣬ϸ˺飬˺飬Ǹʱͱˣֻ쳤ؾûʼʱֳˡ
һҲ֪ĶģԿûһʹΪʹֹͣöΣô˳
ʲôҵأƷɵЩɻȲˣ֮ܶ˵һ£ֻҪڰӣ֪ʲôˣ
еĵڰأӣ˼壬ܹԼڵʲôѪܣ࣬ȵȣĿ⿴ǽƿصһ֮еһж֪ĵԺиֳϸڣӶγƿһЧ
ȻѾ׳۷壬Ҿٽֱӳؽ
ƷʱȽеɻŵһߣͻҪѾȲˣС󱻳ѹƵδйһ֮ߣδ˵ϣ
ǰûлᣬڣ콫ǰԲߡ
֮󣬳Ʒٶȱ۾ʼأеӿ˹֮䣬еĽĤ
һҲƷǰ㣬˳£һжУĤҪͳͳԺ֮Ук֮ܶǰʦϿʱԭļЩģˣھȻȫˣʦ˵ʱϵı鶼ǵһָоǰδеġ
Ǵ˵еĹĿ
ؽľǰûʲôܣʦڵѧʦܽᣬѽһж͸ޱˣֻǵʱ޷ȫѣڣͻƵˡ
ûʲôϰڲϵӿһδεĴҲڲϳصϡ
䣡
ƷԺУʲôըѿһԭһֱοסǰĵصҲǱˮ忪ˮһʧ١
ʱƷ۾΢һʱһžƷűһǿصĽ֤
ȫڷٵתһδﵽȫµľ磡
ָоʵ̫ˣ
ֻоһĸоûˣԭһϵ޸Ʒ壬ɢ߰˰ˡ
һͻҪϰ֮˷ܴ󣬾Ϊ˲ҪԶԶһҪ
ǼѾˣôǮЩƷȻͨһԣļͥҲӦܹưࡣ
˲ΰ֥Ʋͨ˵ȷʵǴƷǶЩгɵ˵ȴԶԶġ
ڿѧ˴ӪҩһӪҩȥֵϳȥüֵ׷̺
쳤ؾûʼͬҪܶ࣬һǰüԼͬģҪҲѰ˵ĺü
Ǽڵ϶ǹеģҪ취С
Ѿ˵أٶò˶þܹ۷壬ôؾͲԶˣưϣˣƷ˷ܣưһֱִµԸ
֮ǰֻƾһԸѣϣ
ٶȣʲôŶҪ˦ԶԶġ
ʱƷ˿ʱ䣬ȻѾ˵ڶߵˡ
ҾȻ˲ʮСʱˣһҹʱ䶼ھȻǾȣһ㶼ƷԼˬ״̬ò˼顣
мСʱͷĿѣˣΪеʱ򣬱ȫĵļоرľ񣬵ڣһϣȴһƣ˼ûС
þȣ
ôĻǱȱҪ˺ܶеʱ䣡
Ȼ֪Щԣ˼ң϶бİ취ܹ侫ĵģеʱҲδرһЩ˳̲ס˷
ԭҽĿҪư࣬ڿưʲôҪĿ궨ĸߣҲҪư࣬һҪʮУʮУһѧƷս˫ȭһ֮вپһΪ׳־С
ڣҺ˲̫ԶˣЩܹʮУţǴСʳڣûеԴҵ𲽾̫ˣֻֿǸոտʼѣһδʮµʱ
һΣһҪεץסˣˣ
ʱ⴫һŵĸܿѧ
ƷԷѧˣ
Ŷ֪裡
ƷشһȻ·һ£ʰһ֮󣬾ˡ
׳ĳѾڲϳԶˣֻɫôоȻһϵĺû
ǸոһҩȻ˹ĿʼͣƺҲϰ糿
ƷһֻǾǰδеˬֻôδһ˿δ
ܰദļˣƷ¶Ҫػˣ˶Ҹ֡
֮󣬳ƷֱţѧУ


7 ѧ񼶱
ƷѧУʱѾвٵͬѧѾĿƵĽˡ
ʱÿһѧУĽѧǽ䲢ǹʱֻͷӣֻ֫ͷȴ򵥵çǶǷ
ʱĽѧΪ˽ѧΪȫţڵѧһŵʱٮٮߡ
ڻûнְ֮ǰһǰʱֳ׶ΣѧϰĿƵ֪ʶѧʱ䡣
ܹ䲢ȫţҪְ֪֮󣬲ŻῪʼѡԵб
һĿκεʱֶڲͬĽҵУĿεĽҺ͹ʱУ԰ĽҲ࣬εĽһ޴ıȶ
Ʒĵûκ˵ע⣬Լλϣóһƽԡ
ںܶǰѾֽ̭ʵ鱾ͳһƽ壬ַ㣬ֽԼ
һƽ֮УеĽ̲ģиϰ⣬ʱϣһǳѧϰնˡ
㿪˽̲ģƷʼÿ޵ĹΣͷ䲢ǿư࣬ĿҲ൱ĳɼ
ܿͷ˲ԣ֣Լ㿪Ľ̲ģܹһĿʮУҹĿĵطȫܹ뼸飬ԭ಻ĵطҲȫܹˡ
ԭĿεĳɼȻǺܲҲûõĶȥֻѰһŽ̲ȫ꣬ЩӦϰʱ򣬼˳Ķܽ⵽Ķ
ȫȫһѧ񼶱ѧϰ
ȫ
ԶԶֹϰʣӦȫλĸ죬͸оҵĴԱˣƷԴĦ˵˼άޱȵԭ벻ĵطҲܹĵ
һε˵ԶԶֹô򵥣ӰԶ
ô˵˵Ǻ£
⾪˵ѧϰʡ¶ٵʱ䣬һǿߣ϶ҪѧϰֶԶֻǴѡ
ߵĸԶ
֪ѧϰ֮Уʱܿ͹ȥˣϵһڿεʱ
һڿǹ׭ֵѧϰһſǸѧУ֮еı޿ΣΪʱ֮У̫̫Ķ볬ŴйϵҪо׭Ǳ˽ġ
ܿ죬׭ֿγ̵ʦͽˣһѾʮ꣬԰׵ͷӣΪܴѧʦֱӽкϣǹʱеѧһ
ǳƷȴеĴϸ֪ǿȻҲһ֣һ֮ĸ֪ҲĶˡ
Ʒ˲ò֮࣬ǰʱûзֺϵľȻҲһǿ֡
֮һÿξͿʼˡ
һϾûж˵ʲôڵӺڰϣдһ׭֡
һûнǹǶ²£֣ʲô˼Ͽ˵Ȼϣȴʮ㡣Ϊһ֮ˣѧϰ׭ǻΪؼԭֱԹ׭дɵģ׭ֵĻؽ֮еõʲôؼҲǰҾڿ˵׭֣ǻĵһܸܲһ׭ֵӣµ˼أ
ϿһˣȻһ˵Ӣ˵ǰ೤ڹ׭ſϳɼ
һʮģ꣬ݿʣĸϴżư飬һǼãɫ߶žͼΪ
ʮһİ೤ΪӢã츳ҲãѾھڵΪټϿʵòһֱвٰϵСŮǰϵķ
Ʒ˿ߵĸߺ־Ǹ츳ҲΪҲ޼˫ǲԶˡ
νûжԱȣû˺
һǰܻӭһǶӣ
Ӣôӣߺ־ֻǲмƲƲ죬Ȼ˵֪װƣɧӣ͸Ŀȸһװʲôװ˭֪Ƶã
Ʒ˸ߺ־ɵþúЦ˵ΪڰϵжٮٮߣϷӢĸ߰ӣ˵ĹϵȻԸ
ϣҾãӦһʣΪ֮ǰѧй׭ֶͬӢ˵
ֻһЦ漴ֿˣ𣿡
ϣҿҲҪʲôˣҶ֪֪ʲôǼҿר˴ѧ׭оרҵıҵϿεģӢ߰˵ûнͬѧ
֪԰ǵǮ˭벻Ƶãߺ־˵ĽȣҪ˽ؼҼҽ̣ô԰ô
ߺ־˵һӣ˵ȷʵ֣Ҳûм
Ҳе֣ʵ˽Ҳҹ׭оרҵʦ̵гõĹ׭ʶҲĹģȷ֣Ҳûм
˼꣬˵أֻЦЦֵһŮ
ǸŮԼĪʮģپ£һЩӤʣһѩ׵ĵĸ͹¡
ʮһĸ೤ҲǰϴŮ˼ꡣ
˵˼ıڰҲһţΪѧУģȥתѧģոתѧʱ˼ΪŸոضѣȻһԺȴѾǵھˡ
츳ѧУĸ߲㣬УĽߡ
˼꣬ߺ־ӢˣҲʮһΪߵˣ༶ȶ
˻ΪһºְŬʱѾȷܹưġ
ϣҿ֣Ӧòʣʣпһжϣģ
˼˵
ʱϵ΢΢¶һЦݣֵûģ
أʱȴƷ֣վϣֵ֪˼
˵Ŀⶼ˳ƷΪϵ˼ǲ²ֵ˼ѾǵѧϰΧˡ
ƷȻ˵֪
Ŷ˵˵Ц˵
೤˵Ķԣ˼ʵһ־޴ݣƷƶ˵
˵ڱ˵Щ׭ֻҪ²ĻǸͻ֣ΪԺйڵʵļʵ̫ˣǸʹõ֣׭֡
˵һЩ֣һЩرƧ֣ϵá
˵˵һȴԷӢƷ㲻ҪװҶôᶮ
⻰ҾͲˣʲô㶼ôţ㲻ģ˾Ͳ׼ˣ϶û˵أôʲô
ߺ־ֱ˵ͼ÷ӢǸӡ
㡭Ӣŭ֮ɫŭƷȻҰʾ˵ĽͲԣҲѹͲųƷĶ
⼸רŵĸʦʶ׭ִ֣ʵ嶼ǵļΪ֣ʶƷͥˣôᶮ
ˣˣ


8 ˵Ԥ
һԣ˲òͣȻ˵Ʒ˵ǶԵģִľһݣû뵽Ȼֱ֪оʵҲûãǺܶרҵо׭ֵ˶֪ƽʱ¹򰡣
ϵĻ÷ӢһһǱߺ־ģһΪ֮ǰȫ´ˣ˼ȻƷǺôҲ³Ǵ
µʲôʣȫţ༰ˡ
ƷʱоĿ⿴˹һǰ೤ӢżĿ⣬һǸ೤˼ԴĿ⣬ƺҲûƽ༶۵ôôо
Ȼˣٿ㣡½ڵӺڰд˼ƽʱΪƧĹ׭֣뿼ƷǳƷǶԴɫ硣
شú϶ǰһĸоƧ׭ֵķֻ˵µ˼ﵽˣ̸Ͼ׼ǴӳƷе֪΢΢еķе㲻ͬƫƫԽԽóƷĽ͸á
ãããĽ͸ãԭһЩⲻˣǰ޷ͨĵطôһͣȫͨ˳ˣöֵȷͣش尡ԽԽ˷ܣˣҵþ콫Щύ׭о
Ʒ֮Уͣԭֻ뿼Ʒ֪ʶ֪֪ЩƧĹ׭֣û뵽Ʒǵ֪һ˵߸Ե֪
лһ׭ֵ⣬ƷĴ𰸺ǴྶͥǾһ˼ͶԱ֮֮ǰĶƷ˵ĲǶԵġ
ŰƷҿϣΪһ㣬ûйϵҿԱʮУ׭ֵоרҵŲȥо׭ʵ̫ϧˣ˵о׭Ҳֵģе˹⿴׭ֵ״ܲ³˼е˴²츳Ĳͬˡ
ѧ𾪵ĿųƷЩǿưˣ͸ĽĿųƷʮУȻĿƵרҵʮУģһᾫӢ
п˵ȫ඼ûܿʮУڳƷȻõ˺ϵı١
û˻ǼٵģѧУĵλܸߣУҪһϣУүү̽ݷƸġ
˶²ϱ϶б
˼꿴Ʒ
һشķ֣ͬѧǣҵĿξȲˣϰɣϻ˷ܵĲѣջ¶˾˵꣬ʹҴ뿪ˡ
һʱ༶Ȼˣ˶ûϾȻ˿飬ǽĿƵƵͶ˳Ʒϡ
⻹ǳƷһγΪ˵Ľ㣬СƽӹҲκһȦӵĽ㣬ȴƽʵļӰ֮д̫ˣʲô
ΨһȻǣڰϴ˲ٴɫĸ೤˼ȻҲߵǰ˵û뵽ƷԹ׭ô˽⣡
ã
ƷЦЦ˵ڹ׭˵Ѵ֮
˼˵һ仰֮󣬾תصԼΪϣƽϵĽ̲ġ
Ӣ˼ֿ˿Ʒ֮ݵɫ
аСӾȻԹ׭ô˽⣡ߺ־һ³ƷļҲоʶõֵһ
ͬѧԲͬɻо棬Ҳ𺣬Ҳ⣬ƷԼŲǸոտʼѡ
磬εڿʱ䣬ʮУʮһεĽ֮УУĿεĽҲͬεĳһƬ͵䶷
ÿһεĽҶǧƽ׵ĴСݲͬĹֳܻ˲ͬרŴõĴҲѧ֮дõһС͵ıȶ
ڴĽ䣬Ʒţϧһʱ䣬ҹŸոͻƵأҪȡʱͻƵأߵĸԶ
һӴ״̬֮˳̧ͷȥʱ༶ͬѧΧһԲȦ
ԲȦڣʮģ׼д衣
һ˸һ׾ϣһԼĪһ߶ģ
˳ƷʶǸ˸ͬѧΪɣһǵ
ƽʱͲԸΪҲ࣬ԭĳƷҪǿѾǵ۷壬ֻһܹ߾ưࡣ
˶ϧʱ䣬һͻƣܿư࣬ǰ;
Ʒ˸ߺ־Աߣߺ־һƷˣɵÿʵƷҲ²£˭Ӯ
ߺ־²ĿųƷ˵
أƷûֱӻش𣬶ǿʵ
Ҳɣ˸ռƣΪҲˣ˲Ϊ£ʤ㲻󣡡ߺ־ûзִʱƷոͻƵı仯ԹԵ˵
ҿãƷҡҡͷ˵Ȼ˸ģͬģҲΪ㣬ȹ̵Ļǿϧҿ鸡ȹǿֻҪ͹̣ͻܣ
Ʒ˵ʱˣɨһͽеͳͳɨһ飬˵ŵȱͳͳ¶ǰ
ǰǸܷ飬ɻǵΪߣɵٲҲǿˡ
ЩԶԺУҲ˼ľ˵ˣޱȵĿ϶ԺѾģ⽻ֹһΣ˵һ޶
ԱҲˣɵ÷˰ۣƷװƵӣ֪ĻΪʲôأʲô̲ȣôû̲ȡ
ߺ־ʮһ֮һʤߣƫƷȴҪȫ෴Ĵ𰸣ڻȡô
ڸߺ־ϣǶû˵ʲôĻ
ʱϵѾʼˡ
һ־ͷǳңȻֻأ˫Ѿǵ۷壬ҽ֮Уžȭཻ֮С
͸ߺ־Ԥϵһɵ˸ԳȭƴѺӲܿ·硣
ܿƷ͸оΧмĿɨ˹ֲмͳŪζÿҲܹоĳ
޷Ǿǣ´˰ɣɵ˰ɣɵ˰ɣ
֮ǰƷ϶ŭ쳣ȴֻƲƲ죬νЩ˵޷ʲôӰˡ˶ΪҪܵʱ򣬵ȴͻȻһ֮ǰĲԣһųɵ˳ȥ
ʱ򣬵ȹչֵ쾡£ȻѾʼζˡ
Ȼ̲ȣߺ־ǰһ˵
زȻѾˣɵȷʵȣֿ˳ƷȴƷһƵӣɵЩôģɵĻ֪
߳ڶŵʱ̲ȵѾ˶֪ˣζѾЩҪˡ
ȻҲŹᣬѾȥ˸ֱӱߵڵأˡ
ʱ򣬱Ϊڵʱ򣬵ȴǳװ˶˳ƷΪ˶û뵽ȻƷˡ


9 һл
ԭǿռϷ磬ÿԿƷӣɵ˰ɣ
û뵽ڱȴԼɵ˵ĶԼ
ȻܶǲϵģûѹʤһֱǾõʤġ
ֻиߺ־˿ԼʵæʵƷô֪ʤ֮ǰҿһ㶼ûп̲أ
˵ĿҲͬʱɨ˹Ƕ˶䣬ʵҲΪʲôǳƷϹèӣȫ˶´ˣֻһ˲¶ˣǺΰ
ƷȻ֣ԲȦĶ棬˼꣬ʱ˼һ˫䵽ϣ֮дżֺ棬ƺҲ֪𰸡
б棬༶һӢǿɫмֲƵӣȻܿˣƷĲˡ
Ʒ˶٣Ȼ󿪿˵ɵʵûвȵǸزֻǵպóȹҲô˵ģ
ЩȻӣôŶ˹ʺˣպþע⵽һ㣬ע⵽ĻҲûһͷˡ
ЦݵĿ˹ղûΪƷĻŰ;͹ɵ̣ҲֻԼ֪ˡ
Ʒ䣬һӰѾڵĳ˹ˣȴ˭Цݵʤߵͬһд裬ȴǼΪŭ
ƷбµƱƣүǵһܣȻҲ˳ƷĻӮˣǲС£ƫƫˣͳ˳ƷһװƵĻı
ôţ䲻𰡣ղŻ˵үأƷû˵ߺ־Ѿվ˳ˡԼˣֳ˰
ߺ־¶ûϵƷҾ㣬Ҳɱߺ־һȻߺ־߸ֵģ˭֪༶ǵ֮һ
еŭٶʵ
ߺ־ͬѧдѣôŸʲôʱ֪ʲôʱ򣬷ӢѾ˳Уס˸ߺ־
೤ߺ־ŷӢ೤ҧ˵ʲô¶ˣôţҲ֣
԰೤Ӣߺ־˿ãȻһǰ༶һǶӣϤʮһĶ֪ǰٮٮߣ໥Ͼ
˭Ҳ䣡
ߺ־ҲҾǾ£ͬѧ֮дһôˣƷû˵أðô¶Ӣϴżֳ鿪˵
Ļ˵עת˳Ʒߡ
ƺ֪Ҳҳ֣˶֪Ʒʵ츳һ㣬ɻϣܹư࣬ǳƷûˡ
ֻһˣֻصΪأһµʱ̫ˡ
£Ȼ㶼ô˵ˣƷվ˵
֣ԼȻ˷ܣĻ϶Īսġ
ǼҵļҾˣ治ʵսϷȻʵսĿ죬һΣƷãɾ㹻۵ˡ
ڣͻ֮Ȼ˷ܡ
ãǸүǣɼƷͬˣ¶˼飬ҪղŰܱŭȫйڳƷϣ֪Щ˵
ûɣߺ־Щĵ˵
ģ¶дôƷͷ˵
׼֮Ҳ뿪д
˵̲ȣ㿴ȲȣЦһȻֱӷһţųƷȥ
ҪܳƷҪ档
׳գ
ƷЦһ˵̲ȣô
Ʒ˫һ⣬Ȼֻһ̧֣͵סһš
أһɶʱоԼһź˸һĽŹʹޱȣǳƷȴ˿ղһһǽһ
˵ʱʱ죬ƷֻһȻ򵥵һֱȭֱӾͺɵؿڡ
һȭܴɵɳȥ׶࣬صĵ˵ϡ
˲ʱ䣬ţ˶ɵˣʧˣ
˵֮ǰ͵֣٣ôս˺һĻô¡
Ʒֻһһɾôˡ
̫ܵˣҲ̫Īˣ
ֻгƷԼ֪һʼɾûʤ㣬㣬Լ۾Ҳ֮ʻҪǿɺü
ɴһʼûκʤ㡣
ȥѵҿô
ôҸоֻ΢գһۣͷֳʤˣ
һҿˣһҿˣ
۷׷ףأţ˼Ҳһ˫ĿųƷ
˿Ʒ񶼱ˣһ죬ǶڳƷӡܱ֮ǰĶҪ࣬˵ƷԺϵʣԴֻ˾еĹۣôھǳ׹Ŀ࿴ˡ
絽Ϊһ˵Ϊǿ󣬱ʲôҪۡ
˶ɵ۵ʱأһϵӽſڴ
һʲôأʱһͦεӰ߽˽ңǰĽͷ䡣
˽Ŀɨһ۽֮еѧ˳еĳƷͱڵصɡ
Щѧ֮д裬ûʲôȤģǣһ츳ԵѧɣǱԼΪӦûʲôǱĳƷ
ΪʦڸѧĻ˽ģƷȻкŬ츳һ㣬һĿԺСȻܲпᣬʵ
û뵽ƷȻĿ࿴ˡ
䶢ųƷһȻ󿪿˵ͻƵˣ
Ʒа䲻ѧУѧͷȻһ۾Ϳͻơ
ȻѾҲûǵͷûͻƵ˽ľˣ
ͷû˵ʲôˡ
ʱЩͬѧը˹˶һȻӡ
ѹˣѹˣԭƷҲͻƵ˵أ
ɰܵеԩˣ̫ˣƷҲ̫ˣͻҲ˵Ŵһֲɣ
һΣɾͲˣ
۷׷ףҲ֣ΪƷǵ׳ˣֻͻƵؽѣͻơ
ֻû뵽ոͻƾȻܻɣҪ֪ͻƿкüˡ
ڴʱߺ־ȴ΢΢һм˵ûõģһҲɣٶȣֵĽǶȣƷиɻһҲһⲻûз⣬Ǿʵѹ
˸ߺ־ôһ˵ʱĬһ£ƺղһսȷʵôһֲͿԽ͵˵ġ
ϿΣһʵսõѧ֣˵


10 ǿ̣벻
ѧ˼Ļ˻˶˷ܣΪҾͨҲͨĹϵǶûȥϰЩʵս似
֮ǰɴսǳƷһлɣʵûùѧֻƾڽ֡
似þǽ޶ȵķӳӶܶ֡
˶ѧϰȻͷڵҲʲôرõ似ѵĲѧײѧ
˵Ŀⶼеϣ˶٣˵似ҪҲͲǿˣҪ̸ǵһȭΪħȭһȭǳŴ֮еĸָݵʱһħһȭ
һȭضڱΪҲһҪֻеؽľ磬ǿһ̶ȣſϰǵд󲿷˶ûдﵽ磬ԼϰʱҪע⣬һоܲסͱȥˣҪʲôˣ͵òʧˣ
ʲôѧϰһָħȭȻжƣ
ҲԽѧڱҪҲԽߣνУǻɸ¥ƽԽǿֶβԽ
Ҳǣ˵һȭһɽͷڹŴǾ½ɣɷɣ
ͷ˵ееԼȿͨв˼ΰſԶûôأ
ǲˣĴڶǷëأ
ѧ۷׷ףϵѧ붼ֻеأأصҲУֻеϵΪ
Ȼǵأδ϶ҲﵽģʱѧҲԿ
ˣһָȭȻֱӺ˳ȥȫȫļ⣬һͻɽ
һȭ˵ƶˣͺıһͷͻһһȭȻһ
ڶУХ£
Уͻ˦ͷ
Уͻģ
һУ˭ѧ˵ģҪٳܹɵһУɽ֮
һĶۻңֲͣĳ֣Ȼһͷͻɽ
Ʒܹоӹε۵ġ
а似ȷʵԭʮֵʵͨ似ܹӳʮ֣ǶʮֵʵԽ似ӳҲԽ
Ժ֮Уеʵļ䣬ȷʵһЩ似ǡʼս䡷֮иǼֲ似ǶһǰᣬôﵽӦʵſʹó
Щǿ似ܺķѪǿʹóҲһ˲䱻ĹѪɸʬ
Ŀǰģǻħȭѧ
ƷоԼѾһ֮״̬˫ĶסΣЩǱ¼¼Ժ֮вϵĻطš
ÿһλطţ͸оԼѧ˼֣ڣչʾʱԼѾܹջħȭˡ
ҲֻǼû˵
ҵʾ͵ˣһ¿κһħȭƵһݵǵ˽ﶼϰ̫Ƶˣܺģ˵Ҫ֮ѡһʾѾյô
ʦѾˣ
ʱӢվ˳齾
Уԣͷ˵
Ӣڿ˼ƣȻһͻɽ
Х£
ͻ˦ͷ
ͻģ
ӢһչУûʾһɽ֮Ϊһжĸ̫ˣҪܹӢȻѾھأֻһ֮ңվ
Ķ죬Ϊ˳
Ӧ˽ѧһ׻ħȭ˰ɣ俪˵
ѧҲɫ糣ִôƽͨ˿ܵڲлѧ似ӢһͿʼϰˡ
ǵģҵ˽ѧ˵ʵڼĺܹ似֮УħȭģĸҲܴһƽӹ˸ȴһţħȭʺңӢȻ˵
˽̺ˮƽħȭȷʵǼֻ似֮ǸһѧҲѣȴԼ۱ߵһ֣㵽Ǻܴģ˵Ϊʲôڻħȭԭ
Ӧѧкü˰ɣѾ˵ҵĽ׶ˣԻ俴˿Ӣֿ˿˵ýᣬҺռһ¹似ļ־Ļ֣ʼոտʼѧϰܹĴһ似ģԶƤëٵܹǳһ꣬ʽܹϵģǵңزһ似гˣ
ڵ֮󣬾¯࣬һ似ܹزѾһܹļˣܴȭıԵڻħȭϵΪ硣¯֮󣬾ǳ뻯ľ磬˶Ƕһ似ļΪ̵ģǻħȭڻȭܹ뻯ģǷëǣʮҲһȻʹһ㶼ת似Ҳйϵ
佫似ľռһ£ԶƤëң¯࣬뻯ĸ硣
Ʒ˵似ĸ簵Թһ£ԼȻѾǵҵˮƽҪ֪Ӣ˺ü£ŴﵽҵˮƽھѾﵽˣЧʵǾˡ
ҾҪʾħȭһһͬѧдд裡ӢͻȻ˵
ֻʵս֮Уܸ󣡡ͷ
˵Ŀⶼ˼͸ߺ־ԷӢʵ༶ɿĶֵģҲ˼߸ߺ־ˡ
ȴ˶û뵽ǣӢȻֱߵ˳ƷǰȻ˵Ʒͬѧддɣ
ߺ־ֱ˳˵೤Ҳδеǿ˰ɣ֪ƷֻеصΪڿôҪôץŲ
ߺ־ͷӢ϶ˣˣȻ׷ӢΪʲôҪԳƷӢǰ೤ʮһʵرСر
ҴˣӢɫҲû˿ı仯ֻǶųƷ˵Ʒͬѧ㲻᲻˰ɣҲֻдѣҽѹںһĵأ㿴Σ
޳ܣߺ־˵ȻӢԽѹڵأϾѾǵھˣǿԶԶȳƷҪǿ
⿴ƹƽʵѹͲƽ
ƷͬѧЩˣ֮ǰûѧ似ɣҿָָħȭ൱һ˽أ֪˽һڿζǮô˵һ¹أ
ƺ˳Ʒ޶ԣӢᳰ˵
ƷͷӢһƽϣǷӢôͱˣǣ˳ƷĸĸѾĵˡ
ǿ벻̣
ٷϻǾддɣƷ˵
ƷҪ㣬̫Կˣߺ־˵
ģû£Ʒͷȴޱȼ㡣
һԵ俴һĻֻ΢΢ͷ档


11 ܷӢ
ƷͷӢ˳УŸովӢѾһ˹
ͻɽ
ڣ˫ȭ̯ͻ򦣬ֱųƷͷ­ؿںȥ
Ӣٶ̫ˣŮ˳ǶˣӢûֵĴ㣬ȭˣԷӢǷѾǵھصʵֱ롣
ʱ򣬳Ʒ̧˫ֱ֣ӵǰ
ž
Ӣ˫ȭȻסˡ
ȴƷֻǵһЦ೤ҿҲ̫ļˣ
Ⲣǹƽһս޾ɫ෴ģЩ˷ܡ
û뵽ȻסһУʱΪ˾͸ǰʹشˣ
ӢЦһһһĳһȭһ˳ǹһɨϿ׼ݵĵ
ӢխҲϷһ£Ȼôң㲻ڼôƷһ˺ü£ֻңҲ˵ԼţҿǷŶԣ
˵⣬ƷҲͬ˫ȭֱӺͬǻħȭ
ӢȻͬʽ
أ
أ
أ
˫ֱչ˼ҵսӢֺ׼ϻħȭľ裬Ȿûʲô˶֪Ҿԣ˽̹̽Լѧ
˾ȵǣƷȻ֮ԣ·硣
ʹõĻħȭҲǴޱȣǳ˿ȷӢҪǾġ
Ҫ֪ƷӦǵһοʼѧħȭһѧֻʾǼΣǼȺǿҲԶƤëˡ
ΪЩ似ǹסͿԵģҪһδεϰܹ屾ܣʹóǳ
һڳƷҲ֡
һʼʱ򣬳ƷԻмɬ廹ûϰߴħȭǺܿģԽԽѾϰ˺üһ
ƷӢ˽ֵٶԽԽ죬ҲԽԽң̶̼κ֮䣬˫ֱײ˺üΡ
ܿ죬ܶ˾ͿˣƷԷӢܷӢʲôʽͬʲôʽԹأȻҲɫ
˵ֶͬĿ׼ݣͣļ϶֮䣬˷˵ֱϣѾ࣬ԿѪ͸˳
ʵս֮²ԾŪ˺ۡ
˭ûռˣ
˶
ŵǳƷȻܺͰ೤Ĳ£
ˣѹɻʧˣͲһϵĴڣ
ûпɣƷڻħȭ򣬾ȻڷӢѵҲ֮ǰѧô
ܣôĶѧȥ
ߣɿųеĳƷɫһһףԭܲóƷҲǴһֲƷͷӢ֣ŷ֣Լˡ
ȷʵо޴ʵ࣬Ƕǽľ磬ǲǲ࣬޴ӵ
һԿŽֵˣ֮ȴԽȴǶŷӢǶųƷԾӰ
û뵽Լ̵ѧ֮УȻһ
Ӣѧ˻ħȭеҵľ粻֣ǳƷǻʵոѧġ
۾ǺεȵĶһ۾ܹóƷһʼĻЩϰߣҲܹʩչҾĻħȭҲͻ˼̵ʱӦˡ
ܶţһ۾ܹʽסĿҲкܶ࣬һ۾ܼסʽʹóⲻһ
ƷǴָ
漴ҡҡͷǿϧˣѧϰ似ٶٿ죬ڹǸֻĵزȷʵͨһЩ
Ȼʱص
漴ַһ㣬ǾǳƷӢֵڣȻһ֧ļûС
ħȭҪʩչǻӵĻʵǷǳģսڣƷȻɾȣȻǼΪ೤ġ
ѰؽߣһʩչüĻħȭѾ͸֧ˣǸߺ־˵ĲƽӢܹѹѹڵأͱȵصҪǿϺüˡ
ⷽ棬ƷȻһ㶼·磬Ϊȵġ
ѧһ㰡
һۿƽʱѹûע⵽ƽѧ
ʱеĳƷѾսѪˣԺ֮гս⣬һȭȭӢԣȭͷָ϶ѪһȭȥܽѪ˦ȥ
ȴֻú죬ȫѪҺ
ԽԽǳ죬ԽͷԽʱ쳤ؾûʼȫ˳಻˿ûľĸоֱе೤ֻ㱾𣿡
ĶķӢޱȵƣԤľ籾ȫһΪܹȫѹסƷ˭֪ȻȫûУƷԽԽ˷ܣȻѹסˣƵƵơ
ԽԽǷ꣬Ȼһ˵ʲôڳƷǰȴˡ
˵ʱʱ죬ԭսĳƷȴ˲ץסᣬȻһȭ˳ȥ
ͻģ
һȭֱӺ䵽˷ӢؿڣȻȴӢһҽУȻ˵˳ȥ
һ˵ʵֻһ˲ѣƼҵĺҪȥսȻֻһ˲ͷֳʤ
쵽˶û뵽ĵز
ȵǷӦʤѷ֡
⡭ǿЦİɣⲻɰǰ೤
һۻˣ
ܣ
ͬѧһסˣܽǰһУֻǻ˱ӡ˹֮ķӢҲѾ׵߸ǵˡ
ܷӢǸߺ־߸೤˼꣬Ƕƫƫ֮ǰǿЩֶûмסĳƷ
ƷƽûΪܷӢղŵѪȥˣʱܵ˫ֵʹֱϱ鲼˿ڣ࣬ҲѪⱻ˺ѿġ
ȻͬҪǿüǷӢѾԶԶ֮ˣҲⲻҪˡ
ʵսĴۣҲ֮ǰʵսԭһˣҪƺþҪƵĴۡ
һˣӢ輰ĸĸԲ̵ġ
𣡡
أڳƷתʱ򣬱ڵصķӢһһֱֱͦͦӳųƷı˹ȥ
죡
죡
죡
Ӣٶȱ֮ǰҪһϣĿ˫Ŀͨ죬ѹԼĹֻҪ
ž
ڷӢгƷʱһֱֻӽӢȭͷץ䣬ڹؼʱˡ
أ
ֱһˤӢݺˤ˵ϡ
ôûгϢ䲻𣿡˪˵ҽϰӱ͵Ϯͬѧģ
ʱӢڷӦ˹Ӹղַŭ֮˹˵ԲʦҴˣ
ûҺ죬ֻĿ׺ݵĿһ۳Ʒŵһȥơ


12 ʦ
ƷҲߵһߣߺ־æ˹ֱ絽ֱϣԭʹ̾ͱһĸо棬˿ҲѸٻָ
а㣬ţҶûôԱأߺ־ĳƷļ򣬼üŪ۵˵
ʱͬѧƺŸոշӦ˹һأԲŵģ
೤˼Ҳһ˫۾ż־ĿųƷ
ղŵʵսҶˣħȭǶǶԣҪСһЩûΪ˾ʲôӦľˣĲп᳡治֪ûиоˡ
ʲôģңٸǽһһЩϵҪ㣡
佲ħȭ֮һЩο˷
ЩΪľ飬ǰʱνĲ֮أִ˶ὫЩĵùһЩѧĵûᱻϹأԴ׬ǮͬʱҲǴѧ
಻ܹŴԭزִŻ֮ʽ۵㣬кܴĹϵ
Ʒţһת쳤ؾûʼ˫ϣٻָһ߻Ÿղŵս
ȻֻһսѣǷӢڻħȭϵ൱һսջܴ
ܹоڽҵһߣӢĿһֱԼϣû뿪
֪һǽӢˣҲںһսҲǿţǰϵôֻҪ㹻ʱ䣬ͳͳڽ¡
һڿεʱܿ͹ȥˣ¿εʱ򣬳Ʒϵ˿ھѾָĲˣִƼµҽˮƽѾǰʱܹ˵ġ
ˣĿγ̾͵Ϊֹˣ¿Σ˫գڼҲԺúħȭˣƷҵİ칫һ£
Ʒе֣Ϊ仹ûе֮ǰҲʵ̫ƽӹˣȤûС
Ʒ䣬İ칫ҡ
ʦ֪ΪˣƷֱ˵Ŀʵ
俴һ۳Ʒ˵֮ǰڵʦС㣬ΪƽӹڿȷʵѰѧϰ似ٶȴܿ죬Ӧ֮ǰûнӴ似ⷽ츳ûб֣
Ȼһֱ˵츳츳ʵϣ츳Ҳֺ֣ܶ˵Ҳֺ֣ܶеǿе似ϾһЩʷǳãҲе˸ǿӦ似ϵţ
Ƶ˰칫棬ڰ칫˵֮ǰƽӹҲˣȻⷽ츳Ͳ˷ѣΪʲô˷ٲʢռؽĴƬؽֳ񣬾ΪǸıѡ˲ŵģʽΨǾ٣
ڹΪ츳һ㣬ϳͨҲûṩ㹻õԴ츳ܻܿᱻôûпǽӣ俴ųƷʵ
ӣƷһ£ҲûȻ
ǵģӣڹ˵ȻռؽأʵϣһֱΣ֮УƵֻʣ˼УȫΪ޵أ˵ؽޣȵϵĸǿӾǱߣȻҪ֮иָľӢ仺˵˽˵ǼҵļҾ϶û취Ӣߺ־һΪṩԴǾӿԣֻҪ츳ӿΪṩԴһѧҵıҵǰҲã츳似ϣⶼҪʵսܳɳģʵսбսõĵطô
ȻˣھﻹһЩϵģԸĻûܿư࣬ҲԽܽӣھбֳɫĻҲпܱƼѧ޵ģ
ƷʱĬˣ֪ΪԼãᣬʮУıҵ֮⣬ǾӾ˵ǰΪ㡣
ȻҲܸߣֻҪܹͷʿĻܹһѧУ֮еν̹٣Ȼر˵ãҲѰ˾ϰҪǿĶˡ
Щƽӹ˵˶ӣǾӿɲܽģȻյı׼ܺʮУôϸ񣬵һ˻治лС
֮ǰĻᣬ϶̴ӦһҲȱһиҰѻʵľġ
ڲͬˣõ˵ʵļ䴫У־˸죬ЩŶȲϣȫȥһӻԻ貵δȻ˵ʹˡ
̵ĳƷһĿ˵ʦ뿼ѧ
俴˿Ʒɵ̾һ˵ǺðɣҲǿѣҪǸı뷨ңҲҪ˲ţ
ʦлл㣡Ʒĵĸл˵ΪܹоȷʵΪá
лҸʲôǵʦȻҪΪǿǣأȻҪѧҲĿƴѧʣµʱ䲻һ£ҪץʱˣƷ˵СӦҲûжǮЩرõĲƷԣΪ֮ƣҪͻһµĻžֻ嵤ˣ˵嵤ɣ
֪һֳŴĵҩƷͷ̫֪ˣԺеʵĴм䣬ʵļойڶ嵤ļ¼
Ҳǵ굤ѧϰĵҩ֮һ
嵤ã˼壬ǿģͬʱܸʡ
Ȼ߼ĵҩȴǺܴģִֵҩһöҪʮϣ൱ڳƷĸһʴܺ͡
ǼܹѵģҲֻŹ
ڵʵ嵤ȻҲˣҲûйزԼֻ൱ڵһҡ
ִҪһö嵤ԭҪǧؽ֮ͻ֮⣬ʦϡҲһҪԭ
ڵʵʦѾϡ٣ÿһ˶츳ٻʦĴУǵڣھʦĴвȱȫһЩǸ֮гĵѾʧˡ
һЩ񵤾͸ֻʣ˴˵ûĴУʦ㵤ʼ֮еʦʮ֮һ
һļӾЩҩˮǴߣȻЩһֱڽЩҩǾĿǰ˵޷
֪ǼӦǸõķõģлħȭٶȺܿ죬һݹ㣬ˣûȤʵ
֪ʦ˵ʲôƷʵ
ģҵһսѣһŮҲǸϰħȭҪһʱнģһСʱٿ飬ôȤЦ˵
ƷϲһСʱٵĹˮɱİ軹Ҫߣæ˵ȻȤллʦʲôʱܿʼ
ļģȸҵսѴ绰ûĻϾͿȥˣ
˵ţֱ˵绰ͨ˵绰һǰͶӰһӣģĿ࣬Ȼһװȴһֱ뺷ľϢ͸ͶӰĻܹܳ
أǸ΢΢һЦ²ʲôô
ģ֮ǰ˵ǼҵıŮҪħȭȱһôһѧ似츳ø歵㿴ΣЦ˵
û⣬ɣܹܲԼˣܹˣһĵģӵ
УȲ˵ˣæ
˵绰ת˳Ʒ˵˿ξȥҰѵַ㣡
лʦƷʵ˵
ûʲôúøɣûģ


13 ħȭͻ
Ʒ˹ӳһ޴ĸߵС
СĸߵС֮һܹסеס˵ҲңȻͬ죡
ƷǰߵС˵УСһƬɽ֮Уһ޴ޱȵľתʹŨȱҪ߳ʮֹ
²Գ꣬٣ǲˡ
Сһһ޴ıɽˮΪÿһļ۸񶼲ǧǧ
Ҳ֪⻹ǮˣǮ˶ֱһɽͷԼĶռؼׯ԰Ǽ۸͸ǲɹˡ
㻹ĸСסССҲ֪Ҫ׬׬ĵôҡ
ûмŽȥܿ죬Сſڣ߳һɫīӣߵ˳ƷǰһۣȻʵãǳƷô
ңƷͷ
ǺãСո¿ΣԸ㣡ӿ˵
Ʒӣ˳ĽС֮УԽһһıһ޴ıǰ
˱ԿõһĴźɫıڣвٵӶææµµ
Ʒһټ֮УڣһŮһϵԾԾý֮
ƷҲһ۾ϳˣŮǻħȭ
ŮĻħȭ֮ȻҲֻǵҵˮƽԱȷӢʩչҪĶ࣬ҲĶࡣ
ȻѾǵҵ۷壬ֻһţܹ¯ĵز
ҳƷĺȭͷϣȻѾﵽ֮ԴԴܹȭͷϣʩչʽͻ
ǽͷܵĹ󣬾֮ϼŵǧС㣬歡
һЩ歿ɲѰСͱֳ൱ǿ츳ǿ˾еһѧͬϵʮѧ
еһѧǾеƸУ֮УУ֮һ
ܹеѧǶи֮еٮٮߡ
ѹ࣬ȴѾ
С㣬ѾˣǸóƷԱߵţһֱֹͣſʼ˵
һԼĪʮģŮһɫõγеİ͹£ļ𪣬˪ѩپ£ߵĶУĴڡ
һߵë˲Ȼߵ˳Ʒǰ˵ܵǸô
ʦܹģƷͷ
˵ŸոѧϰħȭܹңȴǲŵģʮǰʼħȭҲŸոյңֻǰӣԵģ歵תȴޱȵı䡣
ѹͲͬεһ۾ͿóƷ˵Ų˻ɡ
и˵ʲôôüëһ˵
˵Ʒ˵
㻹ǻȥɣ㵽Ķ֣歺˵һˣ㣡
˵ת˵룬׼ħȭԸһѧѾˡ
С㣬룬ҪĽֻǻħȭɣⷽ򣬺Ϊ޹ذɣƷҪߣʱҲԸǧѷĺûᣬæ˵ˡֱԣڻħȭϣС㲻ң
˵ʲôԣȻתһ˫Ķס˳Ʒ˵òҪſں˵ĻģҲݺݵĽѵѵ㣬ףϣʲô˵ģ
ʵܼ򵥣ǲ˵ģֻҪȱȿ֪ˣƷֱ˵ȻҵĹǲ㣬ԸѹԼĻһܹﵽĥħȭĿĲôֻҪҸĻħȭܹͻĿǰƿ
û뵽Ʒô˵ϸһ£Ҳȷʵûǿ˵ȻˣҾ͸һᣬҪףѾĳѹǹƾҲҵĶ֣
û⣬Կ֪ˣƷֱ˵
ȻˣҾͲˣ
正һ޳Ľ˲ͱޱȽý嵽˳ƷǰȻһͻģֱһ˳ǹһݺݵĴƷѡ
ƷŲæɺͷӢ֮ʵսˮƽһ˵ٶ
ֻĿʵȻָȭͬһͻģĺȥͻһϬޱȡ
أ
˫ȭͷֱһ𣬳ƷȭͷȻͬһȭ˳ȥһ
⣡
⣡
˫ͬʱˣֻǲֻͬһƷǺȻûжǵѾĴǿȱƷǿϲ١
е˼֮⣬һȭȻûȷʵѾóȫˡ
ͬı˵Ķв٣ԷֻһȻֻ΢˼סΣ˵ƷȻһ㣬ĴϣȴǺȴ
ʼãҲҽˣƷȷʵмֱ¡
ҪҵҿмＸ
歽һȻ۵ȭͷֱӻʣֱӱųƷŶȥ
ҪĳƷʱһ˷ӭѶϡ
أ
أ
أ
ȭͷ˫̶ʮӣײʮȭ˵Ķǿ׼ݣж顣
ܿ죬歵İ۵ֱ϶һЩٺۣ˪ѩļĳ֮£ԵøĴĿġ
ȴû˿ɣһһĻħȭĶ棬ƷǸһЩֱϣѪۣ死Ҫϼ֡
֮䱾в࣬ʱһͳȫȫıѹŴ
ÿһεײʵǳԿģΪ쳤ؾûʼǿͬĺüһؽߣͰˡ
ǼˣزҲѾʮֳֻҧš
ҾͲˣ
ƷаԴһأͷ·ǽһǰδе״̬֮Уǰ歵Ķ·һӷˡ
ԭ歵ʱҪǿĶˣٶȾ͸˵ˣֱӴĿϾӣȴ·ȫ
ԭܲ͸ȭӰȻҲ
ǺԥĹЩĵط
歶ʱͷ˲ͬƷĳȭƵȷʵǲʰÿһȭ׼ȷȴ֮ǰߵĶˡ
ÿÿԼĵطЩ֮ǰԼûʶġ
ȴǲϲΪһԭֻʵսܹԼ
漴ͷ֣Ʒȭ׼ȷȾȻߣһʼѹŴ򣬵ڳƷһȭȻܹԼƵЩæҡ
֪ǳƷڻħȭһֳȭ׼ȷ˼֮󣬳ƷҲȻһֱʵı仯
һȭֱӳ歵ȭӰֱӺ歵š
һȭٶ̫ˣ
磬ף
һԵıڶھ־˵ʱһȭȴֹͣǰһ紦


14 ָ
Ʒȭͷȭ紵ѩ׶ǰںƮɡ
歵ͫ΢΢ӿһĨκ죬ÿˣڸղҲƷȭ㣬һʱ䱻ƷĹǰȻûзӦ
һԵǸڼƷȭͷɵһϵƣʲôûзһ
ƷȭֶǴʱȺ͸ղűֱͲһһ
Ʒˣ歲û˿෴Ļм˷ܣոͻ˰ɣϿƵǸѧʦʩչ¯Ļħȭھǲģ
Ʒԣͷ˵ȷʵˣղžһ˲䣬ͨе⣬һﵽ¯ľ磡
ղ歵ǿѹ֮£һ֮ľ磬ڳɹͻƵ¯ľ磬˻ħȭ¯İ塣
Ÿոͻƣ˲һΣȻƿ歵ȭӰ˵歡
ȻҲֻǸΪģƷĻħȭͻƵ¯࣬ȭͻɱܣ磬ҪվգҪžͷǾԲ˵ġ
ҲǸп歹ȻǮ˼ҵĸǧ𣬾ȻǮۿѧʦƵ
ʱѧĴΪҲǳŴӱ䣬ѧʦԼϰƵѧϰⶼƽǻħȭֺܻѧǸѧʦĽѧƵϰ֣ǣЩƵҪǮģۿһογһСʱǧǮǮˣѵ
Ȼǧ鲻࣬ǵ˶֮󣬾һʾ޴ĲƸˡ
˵ѧĻħȭһ֮ھȻͻƵ¯ࣿҲǲŵģȻսͻƣҾˣⷽ츳ĺܸߣ۵ĻҪߣ˵Ȼ˵սͻƣе伮֮о𣬵ʵܹһҪǻԵɺϲпܡ
СϵĶѧУЩƺΪŵȴҲû˵˭ܹսͻƵġ
ȷʵǽѧģڴ֮ǰҲûǸԴȥѧĻħȭСӦǲǮôڲҪѧħȭأƷҲ֮ǰ˵ģֻѧʮĻħȭ
Ϊһºְ࣬ʱ򲻽ĻηĿˣʵսΣ֮ǰҪΪȫڹû似歽˵֮ǰܸúͳƷ͡
߾ӣҲһ涼ƽӹ˶˵ʲô
֮ǰǶﱣĻ䣬ҲʲôʵսĻᣬѧѧ似νǴְ࿪ʼͲͬˣ˵ͨѧУ˵أѪǾܲܽưһˮ룬ưҲͨصأ
ҵڹΪҪư࣬Ǹ迼ǵ⣬ҪѧУưеص࣬ҪѧУصȡǰʮǰһһа׵ָĲ˵ҵһ׶ĿҪѧ֪ѧ¼ȡжôұҪѧУǰʮǾеǰʮܹѧ
ȻһЩĿǿư֮еص࣬ڹΪ֮⣬ҪľʵսˮƽҲΪʲôҪͻħȭԭ򣬲ֻңҵĺܶͬѧҲģ
ƷˣȻڲŸոħȭеԭȴǽȻͬģΪ̫ˣҪץʱڹпܽлῼư࣬ͷء
ȴΪ˿ѧȫڹڲʱħȭġ
Ʋ࣬ʵر
츳ʮѵãϧˣڹΪϵ츳ƺһ㣬ȻӦܹһˣҡҡͷƺΪϧ˵
似ȻҪ˵ףĸڹ
С㣬ͨ˰ɣƷʵ
ˣ֮ǰӦк˵ɣһСʱٿǮÿСʱܹͻƵ¯࣬ټǮ˵ȱľʱ䣬ҪܹԼҵʱ䣬Ҳģ
˵ţıϣеһСҽҩ֮Уóƿ
һƿӸ˳ƷԼǴ˸絽ԼֱϵĵطƵַʮ
ڳƷ˵ѾһС˵ȻֻѰҽƱƷ
ƷҲֱùϣϾʹһĸо˿ڵõĸơ
ͷһǾ棬õüϣͬЧҲõĶˡ
ϾͲˣܹۿѪ𲽵ʧ
аĿ࣬ЩǮ˼ҵӵӵеϰ֪Щͨ˼Ҫ϶٣˵ԽвϵʵսϰʵˮƽȻǡ
ⲻֻЩǮƵĸӵӵеƵоţһëеһѡ
ʱ˸ƽȣռÿ˵ϡ
ʵ׼ͽ׼֮ĲȹʱҪ
ڸոͻƣӦĵðɣ˵ھһֱڵҺ¯֮䣬һֱûа취У˵ţƷ֮УȻ˼Ľ
Ҳţϵ츳Ȼﵽ˾˵ĵزֻ似ϵ츳Ҳܾˡ
Ʒ۾ղսһĻĻȻĿʼԺ֮طţԴӵõ˵ʵļ֮ԼļֱõĿţֱǹĿ
Ժ￴3DͶӰһеսʱûע⵽ϸڶһĿȻ
һƷ۾Ȼ˵ȻôңʦѧƵ룬ڵҺ¯֮ĲӦ֪ģҾǽһһʽȫգÿһȭܴ¯һˣеϣھԭ˳򣬸תʽշţֵȵȵȣǿԿ磬¯࣡
һһʽʵյĶǳãʽת֮䣬еڳ棬ûа취ӣշ磬ʵ˵ҲûʲôܣȻûпЩѧʦĽѧƵǸôӦҲʲôص㲻Щνİأûģʽı仯ı֮ôʽ޷ˣﵽշҲֻʱˣƷ˵
歵˵ͷ˵ҲԲȥƸӦѾõĲ˰ɣǿʼɣץʱ䣡
õģû⣬ʱԣ
Ʒ趯һֱۣѾûʲôˣõǿˡ
Ǿȳһȭ
һȭһͻģֺֿݣֱӳ˳Ʒš


15 ͻ
أ
أ
أ
ڣӰͷýԳһӰϽÿһνһȭͷײһƽըһ
һһŮܹóʮŮ
ǳƷˡ
˳Ȼ˵ǳ˲֮⣬ĸǰ޽ɡ
һ־һϣһһ黢ħȭҪȴ೤Ȼʼأȴûߵӡ
֮ǰƷΪϲ正ȫѹƣȴͬ˴ɫƷܹѹס歡
ȻƷǳȭٶȻȶǲ正ȭ正ÿһγȭܹǡƿ歵ķȦӡ
ÿÿܹһֲ
һԵıһֱţҷɣΪ˫ѾһСʱˣÿһʱͣ˺Ϣָ֮⣬ûֹͣʱ
ʱ歺ͳƷ϶˸ָѪۺࡣ
ʵսЧҲǳЧ歱Ѿǵҵ۷ˣ¯Ҳֻһ֮ң
ųƷϳ֣ϳָ㣬ԽԽ٣ʽʽĸĹ֮ҲûԭһЩɬĸо
ʱһּҪһĸо
ڳƷѹ֮£ܶʽȥӦԣֻƾűܾܳ֡
ǳƷ˵ģҪ¯ľزٵһҪܹʽܹ뱾֮С
ڣ֮ǰеĻۣѾ׵׵ı˳һһ硣
ԭᱻƷ굽©ĹͻȻһӶʧˣν©ҲܹʱزϣΪеʽգ
ûй̶ʩչ·ȻҲûЩ©ˡ
⣡
Ʒֱӱ˺üסΣϲϲ˵ϲС㻢ħȭ¯ľ磡
歽ӹһԱڵϵԼ˫֮ϣѩ׵ֱϵѪۺ࿴˵ĺˡ
飬ǣ
֮ϣԼޱȵĺ˫۱ˣҲûкһۣóƷҲɵùĿ࿴
ܹȡĳɾֻͣΪļöѡ
ⶼĺã˵һ¶˼˷ܵ顣
ֵγȣ˵ҲֻһʮŮѣħȭˮƽһ¥ʵսҲ͸һ¥
ͬѧڰǰʼѧģô˽̣Ҳ¯ѣֻܹʮ졣
һУȻҪ鹦ڳƷˡ
Сˣ
ƷҲͿһɹĸоԭĸо
歶Լݣ˫࣬Ѫ۱鲼ҲͣȻҲúͣս֮УջĺôҲܶ࣬ԭֻǸոͻƽ뵽¯ľ磬Ѿȹˡ
ܹʵսṩǮ׬ǺֶΪء
һսһԼͬʱҲһ̵˵ףУ似ȻҪڹǸ
ȻѹԼʱ̫ˣ歵ĻħȭҲ¯ľ֮󣬾ͼ̾ͻָ˶Լѹơ
ԼԭҵڸûˣʣµľӲӲˣⷽ棬ԼǲԶˡ
ҿûй֮ǰҲ˽ֻ̣˽̽ˣûһͷʹ歼ֱӵ˵˽̵ˮƽԶ㣬֮ǰȻֻһܴӵҽ¯࣬ڿûҪһҪµʱ䣬Ǹ˽ҪһԵҪϺܳʱ䣬ǰҸоҾǲһеȫ¶ˣһһҵĽٶȲŻô죡
ƷȻ֪˵ֻԼҲΪʲôֻǵĵʱ歵һ¶ˡ
˵һʼʩչĻħȭֱ
ھƸ㵱ҵ˽̣һȥͬδһڣÿҪСʱʱ䣬ħȭΪĹϵҵļƻǰ˺ܶ࣬Կְܲ࿼֮ǰͻƵ뻯ľ磬ĻҪɱѧУǰʮҲпˣ
¸ɴ䣬ˮ˵ԭ˵ʱ˵һСʱٿ飬Ҹרҵ˽̵ĴһСʱǧ飬ÿǧԼʮңҲʮңÿ찴Ͽεʱ䣬֧нˮ
ƷʱϲԭҪ취ȥ׬Ǯ嵤ܹ׬㹻ǮȻֻһµĺԼҲȸĸһ׬Ķˡ
ȷˣҪϺõĴѧҪߵķչϰ࣬Ҫʱܹ׬ʮҡ
ѧͽ㲻ϣԺֻԽ׬Խ࣬ʱͿ϶ܹ׬㹻Ǯõȱݡ
С㣬ܲǰԤ֧нˮƷ룬Ҫ
Ԥ֧нˮҪʲôʵ
ҲСˣѾؽˣԤ֧нˮȥһö嵤СҪϽҲ뿼ưֻ࣬һµʱ䣬ҵʱҲǺܶˣƷֱӽĿ˵ˣҲûʲôܼ˵ġ
歵˵ͷ˵ҲǣˣһǩԼʱİпűһ£ȸʮ򣬾͵ƸһµĶΣ
ڳƷ˵һʺܴĿǶ˵ֻ㻨Ǯѣʲô
ǮҲҪƷģڲǰ˼ѣ˷뼺㡣
ڳƷǮˣûģһʮҲںǷᣬԼصĽǽ䣬ǳƷӵ̵ɽ֮Զܷġ
ƷȲػ־ǰ;ô顣
̫ˣлСˣƷ˵ǮҪͻƵػѪھͼ򵥵Ķˡ
ûʲôⶼС£ҲССĽˣѶ正ԺҲ歺ˣ˵
Զıˣɵ΢䣬ɴ۾ţ歺üˣҲǿģȻףС㿴ŲܰʵûмķۣΪѡ
οƷŲСʱѣɵÿ˿ƷҲ֪Сӵʲôرġ
ҾͲˣЩһᾡͻƵ뻯ľģƷ˵
֮ǰһʵս֮УȻֻСʱʱ䣬ΪսļΪܼҲͣЪ൱Ǻͱ˴˺ܶೡڻħȭľҲ˸һѾ˳뻯ľ硣
һڰ歿뻯ľ粢ѣԼ϶ҲҪħȭ£뻯
ãֻҪܹͻƵ뻯ľ磬һл˵ʱҲˣγ̾͵ɣȥǩһºԼ֮ͿԻȥˣԺʱͿˣ
ˣ


16 еһ
歴Ǯʹ죬ʮʵʱˣֱӴ˳Ʒݰ󶨵п֮С
ƷصҵʱѾˣڳƷһЩ׳ĳɺĸܿûбʾʲôֵģƷ;ѾǷϢ˵˽Ҫ򹤣Сʱ
ʱѧӵĶͨ˼ҵຢӺСͼְ׬ȡѣѧѣ㻨Ǯȣƽ
ƷҲ㹤Ҳܷġ
ȳƷصҵʱһ˶ѾԺˣ˷ĸܿһ£͸
һ߳ԷƷһŽĴ㣬һδ歵ǰԤ֧ʮǮֱʮǮֱӹ嵤
ڻ·ϣѾϲˣƶ嵤ЩҩĶֱг򵽣ܹҲֻҪѲǮ֮Ҫʮ飬лҪ̵ѣҪʦá
Ϊֹ滹ûа취ҵӴģҵֻܲȡ˹Ƶķʽ˹ҲǾӸ߲¡
ʮۼ۵Уʦĳַѣ
ȻҪĳƷ̳˵ʵļ䣬ַ˵ܹԼƾͿʡȥ
ԺмеĶ嵤ɺеĲͬǵ굤ʾһֵЧϴһ
ƷҲɵȻ֪ʵļ˵Ƕһ⣬Ķ嵤ĵܹѸһ˱嵤ȻҲǼġ
ÿ궼֪ҪٺӣЩҪ嵤ģͨ˼Ȼò𣬵ǹֻЩԣ˼ҵгͷǳӴˡ
δûǮֻҪԺ֮еʵһּ֣ԸıĿǰĴ
ȱĲǱģʱ䡣
Ŀǰ֮һºְ࿼ˣҲǾ˵һοˣ˵ģڿưѾ׷ġ
ʮеưҲͨص࣬ȻϵľеһôصʦҲܹͨȵϵġ
ҪڼǲеģҪ¯ҲûУΪ˵¯ҲҪϰϣ΢һģҪǧڣЩھķĵ¯Ǽ۸ֱǼֵǡ
õİ취ǰеʦЭľзֻȥʦЭ¯ȻҲҪǮģ˵ĶҪǧһ졣
ֻһѣҪһµĹʣƷҲɵøоһֱĸоҲûа취˭Ǽ¯أˣҲֱ嵤ҪõĶˡ
ڿ֮д˳ЦóƷɵú
ȻһֱֵĺܹɣŬԼܿʣҲٻЦôʱ
裬磬Ҹ˵׬ǮˣȥһõһǧǮĴأ
УСԴϴżССĵ⡣
ΪСĲĹϵͬ綮̫ˣԼĲ˼̫ˣҲ׬ǮˣҲССùĶˡ
˵ʲôȻô׬ǮĳɷƽԣţЩĿԼŮ
һҲżǧ鹤ʣϸָʲôģҲһǮҡ
СŮ˵һȻ׬һǧ࣬ѾȺܶ˶Ҫ׬Ķˡ
ǰ˵Ҫȥ䶷Ľ˵Ҳȥר˽һ£е˵һ¶һǧɣʱĸܿҲ˵
Ȼڶδ˹ıϷǳˣҲֻ䶷˵ҲʲôΣգǵĸ׵ǷĲ£ȥ˽һһеĻ
һ󲿷ֵҵһֻأ˵ǧĶУеĲһһǧͲˡ
һǧûС
еģɵͷ˵һûôǽ˵һǰ˵ʮأһЩھҽ˵Ĳ˳ִ
˭ıô࣡ĳ˳ĽҲͷˣһ䡣
ںųǶеĵһĶưǲ֪̫ˣıսһ֣ʵʱսľͳϰأҲմվҲתȨվ֮һأ˵
ƾȻѾƷӷһ·˿
óĻƷɵȻȻ˵Ƶ֣˿ڣڵʮ֮һиֶ֪ж٣ܹųƵһж֪
ʮУʮһ࣬Ӣ˼͸ߺ־Ҳֻھأ֮֮
ΪѾʮд󲿷ֵʦˡ
ʮд󲿷ֵʦĿưʦֻΪΪֻһЩͱȽϴʦС
ǰģ˶һһֱŶֻ۷ôû뵽ľͻƵҹҪϺüˣ˵Ͽ˵ǵ򶼲ʲôﶼؽ磬ؽǵŨʮǲĸֱأĸȻ࣬Ҳ٣ǰΪƭ˵ģһӦģ
ҪѧĻӦҲʮþȵˣӦҲǱͽȥĳɵ˵ͷ˵ûзϣЩ֮еԽԽ࣬һһҪǿĶˡҼǵһٶǰΪԿʮУѧˣһĴѧˣԽԽˣ
˵ͷ˵ǵȻģϿר˵һ߹·൱ڳŴ֮мǧܹ·ÿ춼һ˵ٶȽأ
ǳĳɻǳ涼ֻǽƵ鵱ǿΪһĶ̫ңԶˡ
ǳƷȴͬȻڶƱ̫ˣδ˵ˣǵʵļӰųƷδйͬǿҵĶ־
ЩֻܶǴ˵еҪһһĸϣһһĳԽ
͸ĸһ֮󣬳Ʒͻص˷֮УȥʦЭ֮ǰһҪұز١


17 ʦЭ
ڳŴ֮УʦǼΪһְҵҪһĴУͬʱҪԴܹһֻдɲܹʦ
ΪŵʦҲܸոտʼܹѸ֣ҲҪһδĹ̵бԽԽ
ÿһһʺܴķã¯ңҩģиָشַһҪķĽǮһܹġ
ִᣬҲˣȻҩĿԴģֲ¯ҲִĿƼʦʵϻ絤ʼ֮еʦ
ΪִʦûһĴУʵϲֻʦʵĴҲǲģΪھ򵽵ĳŴַޣеõģƽĳŴ̶ȣ޷ͳƷԺ֮еĳŴԵʢȡ
ˮƽȻҲ˵һǴ෴ģÿʱÿ̶ڽÿʱÿ̶ھµżƽĳŴϢ
ĶҲһ˵ٶÿʮϰ꣬һȫµľ类еľͻƣҺܿ̽һͻƵš
ոտʼʱֻоеĸֲܹﵽľ磬Ѿռȫĳ̶ȣֻҪʮ꣬û츳ģҲܹͻƵ
ʦϵϵھ˵ҪĶˣſʼϵͳϣԣȻ֧о䷢չˮƽǱȽϵ͵ģеʼĳƷˮƽǱȽϵ͵ģ볬Ŵ۷ʱڣϲ١
͸˵ͳƷеϵˡ
ʦЭܹ֮ʦһЭᣬһٷЭᣬȻǮЭĻ᳤ȴŵ֮Ƶʦ֮еĴһˣΡ
ȴˣεˮƽ֮и޳ңƵĵҩһöȥǶҪġ
Ƶĵҩ֪ǿߣҲΪˣܶǿ߶Ƿ飬Ҳû˸ҵĻǵһƱǿߡ
˵ԼҲһ֣ԶȻΪĸ֣ÿƱѡӰʮУ϶һϯ֮ء
쵼ʦЭҪɵ֣ҹֲ֡
еʦܹܼĺôҩĵ֧֣ŵʦЭУӴʦ֮͡
ȻҲеʦʦЭᣬΪкôܶ࣬ǹҲܶ࣬һЩʦԼͿ˾Ҳ׬еҲЧЧڸʥأŹ˾ȵȡ
ǷѡʦЭᣬҪȡʦʸ񣬶ҪͨʦЭĿˡ
ûͨʦЭĿˣ¯費
ȻЧ˽ߴ˾֮ģǼûеõʦЭ֤Ҳܹ¯㹻ҩơ
ڻ·ϣƷͲһϣʦЭԷֳɣʦѧͽϰʦʦʦЩ֮Уÿһֳַɳм͸߼׶γ֮⻹Ŀǰֻһ˴ﵽĵĲΡ
ڲʦѧͽʵвٵģΪʦѧͽҪҲԼ򵥣ֻҪռּ򵥵ĵҩƾͿˣож嵤
ȻȻ˵ķǳ㣬Ƶĳɹʾ͸ԲͬˣĵҪƳһö嵤ɹȻǰٷְ٣һʦѧƶ嵤ĳɹʣܻʮ֮һ˵ɹʷǳ͵ġ
ҪһʦѧͽΪϰʦҲҪϰٴΣٴε˵ҲҪһ˸
Ҫﵽʦѧͽʮ֮һĳɹʣҲҪܶεʵƵĻſԡ
ԳƷǵʮ˵пʦѧͽִյˣҲôѧˡ
ѧﶼǾ޸
ߺ־ʵҲ㹻Ĳ֧־ڴˣÿ˶츳ģԲֻʮѧУǾһĶѧʵҲֻһСпʦѧͽִգֻҪʮжˣҲߡ
ܹڸн׶ξͿʦѧͽִյѧǶǸѧУеıѧϵר˲ţһܹϵ֮бҵĶֵ˲ţӣţŴʥأҪ˲š
Щڸн׶ξܹʦѧͽִյѧԱͽЩһĴѧϵǱʮУҲмӷ֡
˵ڶеУ֮УҲһЩѧڸн׶ξѾ˼ϰʦִգЩʮУϵǻȹģרҵ˲ţԹע
ʦǸ˵ǰǳΪʦ֮Ҳܿ챩ͨҪΪʦҲûа취ֻȻЩԣͥȣҪĶˡ
ξеٮٮߣǼҾƶԵɺϵõһŴĴУһ·Ϊµĵ
齨ʦЭ֮ƶ˺ܶʦĸĸúܶƽʦҲĻᣬȻԣʦռƽʦҲ࣬ҲСˡ
ҪһƳڵƳģĸֻƽҲѧϰ顣
վҲֻģȲʵϰĸ죬ҲԿһû츳ˣ츳ҲʦЭĹע츳ĻпܱʦЭкܶ˾Ҳˡ
ȻЩڻʲôЩԸṩ㹻Դǳɳ۾ҪǩùͬҵҪΪЩġ
ҲͨΨһпܳͷ֮գ
ȻȻƽĻᣬƽ˵ѾĹƽˡ
ΪĹϵʦѧͽĿҲϽУһʦЭᡣ
ҪԺʲôĲܵƣҲҪΪʦѧͽſԣûȡִյǶǺڻıġ
˼ϰʦĿˣͱҪʦЭֳˣΪϰʦѾʽʦˣʦѧͽ˵ֻѧͽѡ
Ʒҳʱ۾ⶫִ˵Ѿһ豸ˣǹʱĸ˵һ
ȻѾʮǰʽͺˣ˵͵ն豸ֲƤ£ʱؽ硣


18 ʦͨ
۾Ʒ豸ʱǰһͳһªĿռ֮Уÿ˵ʱĳʼ֮ء
һоͺʵһʵǾ˽˵籾޷ʵ֣ʵˣҲڶһ
˿н䶷ʵ죬һٶǰûеģǾ˵һٶǰֳؽĹ֮У·һŴżеõһһʵĹ
縲Ǻؽ֮Ļ֮У˵ʱض
һʲôƷͲ֪ˣĻܣȻ֪ܣǹٷȴǲһĴڣ͸Ϊһ˼صɫʡ
ÿںСʱ򣬶עһʺţʺžΨһʺţÿ˵֤󶨡
ÿһ磬ᱻɨʾʵӡ֮С
Ҳ˵ڳƷʵؽľ磬Ҳǽľ磬ʵһ޶
ҲǸƾƼģȫƾһصķſ顣
ʵʵҲûм޵ģһҲֻᵼ뵽ʵ죬쾳Ҫʵʵ磬Ǿ͵ɷˡ
ʵԽǿɵķþԽ࣬漸һӴĿˣǸǿߣԼҲǽɵġ
ٷĽ;ǣɨ͵֮¹屾ҪĺܶЩҪҪԼѵġ
Ƕ֮н䶷ʵƷȷӦĲʵǿǮȻʵǿ
˳ʼ֮֮󣬳ƷҲûѡȥǴ֣һΪֵǶƳǸ۸ҲˣҪǧǮȻ˵ƽ񣬵ʵϻóƷ΢΢еۣҪǽȴʮǮôز
ܵ˵ֵģȻһҪǧҲᳩˣЩҲεĸѾǷǳˡ
Ӻ־ѾˣƷ֣ȴĻȻһ䣬Ȼͳһ֮УҺܼªһªķӣһ¯¯֮ǰһţµġ
ʲôûУҪǾҪҩģֻݣЩҩҲѵģҪֵ̳֮йġ
Ȼ۸϶ʵҪϰٱһĴˣ۸Ǻܾ˵ġ
ټôʹߣΪߣЩ꾿׬˶٣û֪
ȻһЩԣǶͨƽ˵ѾܺˣΪ֮츳ṩһĵ·
ʵܶҸԣʦѧͽҲϲʹȻõܺʵȣʤڱ˰
֮ʵƣǮ˵ǮҲǴġ
Ʒûѡϰֱѡ˵µʦѧͽĿˣһʦ˵Ҫ֪ٴεϰеָкڵõ˵ʵļ֮Ѿֱˡ
ҲòϣڵȷʵǿţһˣλҪĶˡ
ʣǷеһοˣ֮ǰûнйκοˣԿ˽ӳʦѧͽִտ˿ʼ˷ãһǧ飡
еӵڳƷĶΪ˱˴һĳܲܿʦִգÿһĿ˶ҪշѣԽǺ棬ȡķҲԽࡣ
ʼˣ
Ʒûκԥֱѡ˵
ʼѡ⣡
ȻǶһһĻͶ˳Ʒǰ
һö붨ʱСʱ
ţڳƷܱߣͳһѵҩģȻ붨ҩġ
ƷԺ֮жʱ붨ǵһ붨һڹĸͿʼǲÿ˶ܹ붨ģܶ˶ҪѺܳʱ䣬ܹɨƽ͵Ŀʼмͻ˷Ѻܶʱ䡣
붨붨֮ҲкܴĲ붨Խô붨ЧҲԽãЧҲ°빦
Ҳʹ붨ĴڣԿٰ˽붨״̬һö붨һʱڶԿٽ붨״̬
붨ֳַ֮ɳ붨м붨͸߼붨
붨ܱˣһöҲǧǮѣȻͨ˵е󣬵ҲѲģǵм붨͵Ҫʮˣ˸߼붨Ǿ͵Ҫϰˣ붨ǵ붨µķÿһ̶ϸʣֻһǮҲѡ
һ˶Ҫ붨Ĵø磬Ǿ붨°빦ǰÿһ붨һܴ⣬Сʱ붨һСʱܹһһ
ڲͬˣֻоԼÿһ붨״̬ȴ̷˸߼붨״̬Ҫãһ״̬̾ر
һͿʡºܶʱͽǮ
Լòţǰȴõţ׬˴Ǯκ֮󣬾ͿԼ붨ǷãԴٽ
ȻδƹҩʵҲûѧۣⷽΪѧУѡ޿ΣǱ޿ΣֻһǮʱͬѧȥѡޣûʱ䣬Ȼ͸ûʱȥϿˣΪҲ֪һʲôϢ
ǵƷʼ¯ʱϤĸоȴǴȫȻ¯ִƳɵģµ¯𣬶װ棬ǳŴӣӸľġ
һͨͨϤĸоܿĸо
ˮջ𣬼ȣҩģ
һе̳Ʒͬˮһ·Ѿǧһûһ˿һԥ͡
ʲôʱüӻ𣬼ӶĻʲôʱҩģ٣Щǵ֮вֳģֻһЩҩĵɣͻ̡
ڸϸڵĶûеģνشҲǸҩʦпڿഫĶ
һʦҪܶεȷһֵҩЧߣִģʽȻͬŴģΪشܲ⴫ǱϾҩʦϵŸոھٶ꣬кܶ಻ȷĵطͳƷеĵǼŴҩʦϵĴȣǲԶˡ
һСʱȥ֮󣬵ҩ˳¯˳ŵһҩ㡣
ϲ붨ƳɹɹʦЭĳʦѧͽ֤ǰʦЭȡִգ


19 嵤
Ƴɹ֮󣬳ƷȻȻͨ˳ʦѧͽĿˣû㣬ȥ
ʦЭĹ涨ܹͨĿҲֻе߼ʦѧͽΪֹҪΪʦǾҪǰʦЭῼ˲ſˡ
ΪͬʦѧͽֻܸԼƵҩ̨ķɹ涨ֻгΪʦҲǼϰʦ֮󣬲ſԽԼƵĵҩ۸ˡ
ʦѧͽĽ׶ΣʦʹֻǸʲôջ񣬵һΪʽʦܹԼƵĵҩ
Ǹʱ򣬾ܹջһЩɱʦļԽߣǮҲԽ࣬һԽ˼ϰʦΪʽʦ֮ǻǸϱ
˿ǧʽʦʸҲ޼мʦǾ͸ҪвܹҵˣֵزǱڵĴ󸻺Ӱ
һڳƷĹ滮֮УǷǳҪģһ˵Ҫͨˣ֪Ҫϰ϶ٴΣȴûַգȻˣһԿꡣ
ԳƷûκԥֱӵ㿪֣мʦѧͽĿˡ
ͳʦѧͽĿ˱мʦѧͽĿֶһֵҩҪҲܼ򵥣ֻǼּΪĵҩѡ
ڼ̳˵ʼĳƷ˵ֱǳԷˮһļ򵥡
ɹʦЭмʦѧͽ֤ǰʦЭȡִգ
ڿмʦѧͽ֤֮󣬳Ʒɴֱӿʼ˸߼ʦѧͽ֤Ŀˣмʦѧͽ˵ֶֻһֵҩѡ
ȻֻһֻҩƣΪҪƵĹϵʵ϶Щոֵ˵൱Ѷȵġ
ڳƷ˵㲻ʲô£ֻǰղҩģӻ𣬼ˮɵľˡ
ɹʦЭĸ߼ʦѧͽ֤ǰʦЭȡִգ
ȡм͸߼ʦѧͽ֤Ʒ˳磬ٿ˿ʱ䣬Ѿ賿ˡ
Сʱĸ׶ҪˣƷûϴϢǿʼڷ֣Դ徭ĸֻ֮Ҫÿ붨һСʱһ춼ᾫȡ
Ͽ˯ߣһҪ˯ϰ˸Сʱֵܹڶľ񣬵Գڱ˯ߵĻͿԺ̵ܶʱ䣬ͲҪ˯ߡ
ʱ붨״̬˵൱˯ߡ
ҲԳ쳤ؾûʼһŹǿ湦ڣ쳤ؾûʼʱܹĹǰʱ򣬺üԽʡüʱ䣬°빦
һСʱ֮ͽΪѾòˡ
ִΪڹܣ仰˵
һ˶ѼܾãӾͻòУο쳤ؾûʼЧʸѰĺüҲ˵ǰһ˺üСʱ
ƷѾǲȥһЩҩЩҩɫζǴӴʳ֮ᴿζõġ
Ҳִֻܹ漣ǰʱոտʼʱЩ߶ǴθֻҪ̷Щҩһܾ͹һˡ
ֻЩҩҲ۸񲻷ƣÿһܶҪǧ飬ϰĻһҪüܲŹ۸ۻʮ־ˡ
ִΪƼըȷʵڳŴ֮жѽⶼõ˽ռƽ񣬵ǰǵǮ
ǰǿ϶ģڸ歵˽̣һ׬ǧǿӦ
ҩеٶֻһ޴
һ磬ƷԹ֮󣬺ͼ˵һ֮󣬾ֱ뿪˼ȻǰʦЭ֮С
ƷǼҲûʲôǮסĵطھҲǱȽƫƧˣʦЭƴȻȻġ
һСʱĳ֮󣬳Ʒ˾зģΪһӵǧ˿ڵĳУȻʱʲôڹʱǾԶϹʴˡ
ȻϣѾɽ˺ͨϰϰ࣬к֪ܶĴŵĹ˾һƬ֮С
ܿƷڵİ£ҵʦЭᣬʱʦЭǳˮͷܶˡ
кܶѰҲкܶרǰﹺҩһĵҩʦЭҲıˣкܶ򲻵ĸ߼ҩ
ܿ죬һʦЭ߼˳Ʒǰʵλ֪ʲô԰ô
Ҫ֪ҳƷ״ɴֱʵ
ҲûʦЭᣬҲʲôĹء
ʦЭҳ⣬Ҫгʦѧͽϵ֤ʸģ߿һ۳Ʒ˵
ЩɣǱģʵΪƷʵ̫ˡ
ҵȻ֤ʵģֻϿȡģûȡִգƷȻ֪ʲô˵
ǾûˣֻҪϿȡģ¼ǵĵ֮УĹ֤󶨣ʱһ¾Ϳˣæ˵
УȥɣƷ˵ˣ˳ҪҩҲһ˰ɣ
û⣬ЩҩԤһµԤңͻ˸Ǹæ˵
˵ţǸߵһƽȫǸָҩģм۸嵥
Ʒһһ߷ٵѡҩģµļ۸񶼺ϲһµģʦЭƷģҩĵƷʿԱϡ
Ǹ߽ƽһʦЭ˺ЩˣʦҪʲôҩģжϳҪʲôҩһȻЩͬһȴҲ֪Ƕ嵤
жʱԾ嵤ֻмϰʦϵĲƵǰ꿴ᣬôҲǡ
ʦЭô꣬Ҳףʲôʣʲôʡ
æתȥΪƷЩˡ
ܿ죬ҾѾˣƷĵҩѾͽˣⷽЭЧȷʵܿ졣
֮УƷҲûеʱ䣬Ͼ͸¯𣬼ˮ
ܿ죬¯֮еˮͷȻƷʼһԶѻһҩ֮УץһѣȻӽ¯֮С
Ѿں˵ʵļ䣬֪ٴεһЩҩĶٷһץ֪ˣһ˶ʦһ
ʦ˵ǻ뿴һ۾жҩĴݺط֮һںܻĶ
ִֻʦ߿ƼͲȥЩеӳأʦѧͽ䵱֣Щҩʲôʱ룬Ǵ࣬Ӻãкãʦѧͽɡ
һδμˮһδεҩģƷַˮһֱ޿޵ĵط
ĹǿģԳƷɴ࿪ʼһߴһߵȴҩɡ
ܿ죬һСʱʱܿȥһҩ¯֮˱Ƕͬʱ¯Ҳ򿪡
һöػɫĵҩӳڻƷ۾ֻҪŵЩҩ֪嵤ˡ


20 ͻƣѪ
嵤ڳˣ
жеˣܹ֣ƷɵĶ嵤ҩŨ̶ȾѰ嵤ĺü֮࣬ҲųƷɵĶ嵤ҩЧҲϵĶ嵤ҩЧҪһ
Ǿ˵ʸ֮Ķ嵤ΪǸĹϵʵֻһЩҩ滻˸õҩģַϣҲı䡣
ӱϿֻǸҩĶˣҲ㲻ϸˡ
ΪܶĵҩҲãĵرҲãԶԶֻǶ嵤һ֣Ϊʲô嵤ôء
̶ܴΪ嵤ļ۸ƽ׽ˣʺϴ󲿷ƽʹãԼ۱ߵġ
Ѫ˺ܶҩģЧȻܹܶ࣬Ǽ۸ҲŲǡ
ԵõʸĶ嵤ʵϣڵ֮󣬷ͬʱ˺ܶ൤ҩõҩҩЧҩĴ²˺ܶ࣬ɲᡣ
ֻϧδƹ㵽£ƻһĴսսɳ֮ϡ
Ʒ¯֮Уó˵ҩʱŸողٽѣ뵽ԼһңƷɴҲżˣֱӰĵ
֮Ȼڳֱ̬ӽ嵤ȥ
ȻƷϿʼת쳤ؾûʼʼһö嵤ҩ嵤ҩųƷ˹һɹӿ֫ٺ֮С
У˼壬У嵤һĵҩ̷Чã㲻ķҲԴҲкôֻԼ۱ȾЩˡ
̣ƷϾʹһžƷűڣȫⶼ䶯Ħʱ򷢳춯
УؼĴӹĶ٣صĽ֮󣬾ǻѪڡ
ҪĽ׶ΣһСɡ
ͬʱҲһ̥ǵĽ׶ΣԽԽҩɢ֫ٺϵİ̥ǣƷϿʼĺ顣
Щ鲻ϵܿͽƷʪƸոմˮһ
ǺܿģӳƷʳľͲǺˣһֺɫʣһʼǻźˮǺܿľȫֺɫʣƬ֮Ĺ򣬳Ʒȫ¶ֺɫʸסˡ
кɫѪë֮͸˳̺ۣȫ¶˺һ
֮ǰĳƷʱ۵޷ȥˣǴʱȴɫ֮꣬ǰõʱʹ֪Ҫ϶ٱľҲ֮ǰܱȵˡ
ѾڻѪڡ
⻻ѪĽѪҺһ飬ڽϵ̥ǣƣᴫֻ已̥
֮·Ͳܹͨߵ˵ģ֮·ĵһҪȥ已̥̥ǡ
ڹŴ޵ͽֻ̥еزʸ
ֻڹŴΪʱƣܲ⿴ЩǾͨǸеĺӣЩ˲ܹͨ˸ûлתˡ
ҲΪˣ˶ңڹŻʢһʱ֮Ҳûˣʱľˡ
Ȼִȴ֮컻أ˶ʤ졣
Ҳ֪ȥ˶ãһֱƷȫһɢŶڴźѪʳװסѾȫĿ֮
۾ʱѾûԭִʹĸо廹һˬͨ͸ĸо
һĸо̥ǣ
ȫֺɫʸˣƷҲ⣬Ѫڵͷǳˡ
ճһɫĶҲʵǶţƷæţʦЭڵϴ˸衣
ϴ裬·Ҳϴ»ϴ֮һʱ䣬Ѿˣһһʱ䣬Ѿùˡ
ʱҲ˲ЩˣҪȥ歵˽̣æһͳ歼ҵķȥ
ڶƷҺ±ڵĴ֮£·Ľ뵽õĵϡ
ʱ֮ϣֻһ˵Ӱϴһ£Ҳģһϰ˸µĻժ¸£ս̾ܶࡣ
ҲǮ˶ϲװ
ǹŴģŴ֮жǺټģƾִĿƼȴܹԸԼʵڸµһĸ߿屶
ͨĸһҪһ˼Ǹġ
Ʒȴ֪ҲǮЩˣǮЩˣɴཫңЧøЧá
ڸ¼ص£歵ĶûôýЩͣÿһأڵϲȳص졣
Ҳõڵĵ涼رӹ̣ͱֱһ̤ˡ
һͣĹص˸£ͱˮմʪͷ˰Ķͷϣû֮ǰǰǿƣһڼСõĸо
歿һ۳ƷԵһ£
ʹҽóһƿҩ̷ȥЧǳԣ歼̾ͲٴˣҲٳ֮ǰȭĵڶ̶ʱھ͵õ˲䡣
أʱһӳƷĶﴫ˳
ԭĳƷҲɵɫͨ죬֮ǰͻƻѪʱϵⲻͬһĶӶһĶӶֻóԷˡ
ʵ֮лбģµļȴǼȫ¶һ־ҵļС
歲ɵݸһЦȻӱϵҽóһƿҩӸ˳Ʒ
ǲ֮ǰˣȲһɣȻĶôа취߾ȫɣ歵Ǻˬ󷽡
ðɣлˣǮҵ˽̷۳ɣ
ƷҲǽˣȷʵҪҩܣ㲻ãҲҪȥ򣬷һ
һƿҩ֮󣬳Ʒʱоȫµļʧˣֻȫ³
ͺҩȣԷЧʼֱ̫ˣҲòпǮ̫ˡ
ʲ࣬ǮгɹҲԶƽ
ãȽһȭҽһЩãҲԣ
һȣȴһͷͻɽһųƷɱ˹ȻԼԼһ˿ǻħȭһı־
ƷҲ˿£ͬһȭϴ𼸷ֻϵĻҪŨ
أ
ȭͷֱײһ𣬳Ʒ˿˺üվ˽Ÿ
歲ϲͻƵ˻ѪˣÿٶȣѹӣӦһ˰ɣãҽҪӴˣ
˵ţϵ˼֣֮ǰƷֻǽľ磬Ҳѹ磬ڳƷͻƣҲ˳㽫ԼʵֽųһЩ
ãҲҵʲôزأƷ˷ֱӭѶϡ
˲ٶȼһ


21 ħȭͻƣ뻯
أ
أ
أ
֮ڣӰνýȭХ̶ʱ䣬˫ѾʮУ˫Թأȭͷײ
ײ쳹֮С
ð죬˲ͣħȭʵ̫ıˡ
歺ܿƽϢ˵ĵʲôǿȣӦԶԶ˻Ѫڵĳ̶ˣĻħȭҲѾ¯ĵزˣһ̶ȵĻѪܽо㲻ˣ
Ҳܣ˵ڹ츳һ㣬ҼʱŸոյûðɣھܹͻƵѪڣٺ٣ⶼţʲôţ
歺ٺһЦ漴˵ģҶûȤϰ֮ˣ˭ûмܣǳɴߣ˭û˵Խ죬˵ôҲԽ࣬ҿԷſʵˣ
Ʒʱ˼ֺøУŮĸ飬ֻǾȻŮ֮УΪҲˬȷʵһɽѡ
ʵ˵ҲһܺõĶ֣ڷſִͬĸסҼУƷҲʵʵ˵
ֻȫ¶һ쳤ؾûʼȷʵֲ֮ͬУѷ֡
ãڸо㽻ֵʱ򣬻ħȭ࣬ڻħȭϵ޼㻹ǿһ㣬ҵĶ֣һڣұҪͻƵ뻯ľ磬ɣ˷ʱˣɹĺأҿɲ˷ʱ䣡歽һٶȳųƷɱ˹һͻɽ磬ֱӳųƷɱ
Ʒ˿޾壬һ正ڷſһЩҪѹֻĳ̶ȣѹ
ʱЩȻƷȻҪʵս֮еͻƣϾǰһ
Ʒʣ෴ģʱôһ²ƷԽ죬ҲܹԽ졣
˲䣬ϵƾƽһأѾھصĵز
˵ԭƷܹ歴ѷֵĻôʱ͸оһ־޴ѹ
ǿֲѹ˲ѹϣַſһЩ歵ȭԿ˺ܶ࣬ÿһȭӵһɨ
վֻǼɣǱĹģſʵ֮歵Ļħȭûнɨȴһ
أ
Ʒ歺ͻɽʱ嶼վˣ˺üֱϣһѪɫӡӣʮ־ˡ
ȴû˿ľţ˷ֻԼĶ־ס֮󣬾Ȼ˷ֱɱȥ
أ
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˾ӰϵĽÿһνÿһν֣ᱬƵ
ԽԽŵÿƷѹԽԽ󣬵ȴû˿ľţ෴ģֻԼʱȻڼҵĶԿԴȴǰδе侲
һһ˲ܴϢԭĻħȭѾʮˣ˵ȫҲˣΪʲôҲڳе˲ת䡣
歷ſʵԭƷȭ˲©һЩ©ĵطҲ
ʲôЩһԭҲпһЩڵ֮£ЩģڵпܳΪԼǿĵ㡣
ʱֺǽһ֮״̬֮У״̬ޱȣһ̨侲Ļһܹ⣬Ȼ󲻶ϵĽ
һУΪԵľˣ˵һʼֻҪ֣Ʒͺ޻֮¶Ļģͷ˳ƷһЩԭԵѾˡ
ֽǼΪԵģ˵۶оĵ
ʱѾҪʼѰҳƷˣܼƷѹƣĽȷʵˡ
Ȼ似Ϸǳ츳
ʮ־ϲڳƷı֣ΪƷŽħȭһЩһʼʱֻܵ򣬵Ѿܹˡ
ЩĴȻ࣬ǶֱָҪÿһζֱӺԭʮȭȻ¶
Ʒ۾ǻɨһܹһе֣ⷢһܹʵʩ
ҲѧϰڽĻᣬȻٶƺǰ˻һĳƷҪһЩǱ֮ǰҵ˽˵
ƷٶȺֹʮ
Ǹ˽̵ˮƽȷʵǺܸߣʵսϵˮƽûа취ͳƷȡ
ʵҲƷ˵˵ٶ࣬ʵսһĽ졣
似ϣƷ츳ֱףôŵͬѧ֮УûһܹȵģҲû˵˭ܹô̵ʱôġ
˾ǲ֪ƣһֱ϶ܲŸѪۣʵܲˣͣȻȻָˣٶȴս
ĵ̷̫࣬ҩָ
ƷһҲûж˵ʲôȻҩÿһƿҪ˽̷ۣһȴоˣԼͻƾǰˡ
ħȭ¯࣬ͻƵ뻯һֱϵķԾһ̥ǵı仯
ʵϣħȭ˺ܹܶ࣬뻯ֻˣ󲿷˶ȭϻ̫ʱ䣬Ͼֻǻʹõȭˡ
˷ĴսһСʱСʱСʱĸСʱȥˡ
ԭ˵õÿСʱ˽ʱ䣬˭ûʱȥļ졣
ڣеһз˱仯أƷ˺Ǳһ۾ĻͻоǰĳƷˣһͷ׻ǱһƼΪˣܹоΧĿһ
ӻƴʱƷͺıһͷħһ
歵Ľֻƽ۾˲䣬ƾɢͺһͷħɽʳһ
ɽ֮
Ʒֱһȭ˲еƶһȭ֮ϣȭҪƳһ֧һֱӳ歺˹
һȭֱƿеȭӰֱӱŶȥ歶ʱæˣȻֱӷųʵֱ̧ӵס˳Ʒһȭ
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һײĳײƷǰĲڵסˡ
ǻħȭһУɽ֮ɣ˵ֻóô˦˦֣ղӲӳƷһȭȻЩ顣
ûȷʵɽ֮Ѿ¯۷ˣҪ뵽һ뻯ɽ֮ⲻ˵ģֻʹɽ֮һȭҲͻƵ뻯ľ磡Ʒͷƽ˵
ô˵ӦͻƵ˳뻯ľ˰ɣ歶ʱֻǰһλţƷʱ֮УͻΡ
츳ͬѧ֮Ҳûܱȵ˵İɡ
ûƷ˵ȷʵڸղźɽ֮ʱѾ˳˻ħȭһ뻯ˡ


22 Ӳ
ãҸоͻҲǺԶˣ˵
ˣ͵Ϊֹɣղóɽ֮ĸ̫ˣϵ߹ǶһƷҡҡͷ˵ϵ߹ǶˣֻǴʱǿ֧Űˡ
ʱף֮ǰ̹˵ģɽ֮ΪʲôҪʹóˣΪĸ̫ˡ
ֻ֮ǿȲ֧ŵסʹóɽ֮
㵽ʹɽ֮ĸɺܴ
ʱ歲ͻȻ飬Ϊѧϰħȭʱ˽Ҳ˵¶Ҳ˳һᣬҲûϣΪѾˡ
˽ҲֻҪã
ǳԾĿųƷҪ֪˽̿Ǻ˵ǿսʹóȫĹͷ̱ѹʵ̫ˡ
Ȼʵϣһ˵ߵҲòһɽ֮õһʧˣԶͣˡ
ڳƷǵʹóˣֻǰ߹Ƕһѡ
Ʒʣɴ˿ɼһ㣡
Ȼˣ˰ɣʱ䣬ҲһʱǼҲӦõҽ豸ҼҽһƣϢһ죬Ͳˣ
˵ڹʱ߹ǶˣǴˣʱⶼֻС¶ףϢһܻˡ
û̶ֳȵҽƿƼ֧֣ҲŲȫĿ񳱣ϰĿ˺͹ʱ˽һ죬Ҳͱˡ
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ƷҲ飬Ҳ˻ȥð赣ġ
һˣǲʵսԱţָоͿˣֱ˵
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Ʒͷ
ʱأĴű򿪣һģ˽
ĸ׳·л߽һһŹŨüۣźơ
Ʒӣֻü֮䣬ƺмƣ伸һޣԣӾˣֹʼ޷
֣ôˣ
歵
Ʒһݣ̹ٵǸսˣϵϢȻ̹ٵƣֻȴһָΣյĸо
Ѱӣʵһ֡
Ȼûκ֤ݱǳƷԼжϡ
˷ˣ迴㻹ûԷЦЦ˵Ůޱȵ簮ġ
ͬģŮҲûԼʧһУɲǹǮܹϵģѧʣʣкܸߵҪ
λǣ˳Ʒ˵
֣λܹǸѧгƷͬ䣬ҲǸѧ
ܺãƷͷ
֮飬ǻŮǰеʲôֻЩ֡
Ȼǵ֮ǰս绰ҪܸԼŮ飬ʱҲûжʲôǸսһӰˡ
֪ԼŮȻϿܺˬʵʮֽһѧıҵϣοһͬѧ
Ӧõһͱ˰ɣ
ȻʱƷѾ˵ˡ
ԭؽܹǸѧȻӢţص۹ҲĶȥһЦ˵ˣŮħȭ
࣬Ҳջ࣡
Ʒæ˵ȴܹ֮ģ֮ǰҲûİϣʱȴǸһеĳӣ˲ɵ崺硣
䵽ǲͬȻﶼǾˣǺȻ仹ž˵ĸ㣬ΪⳡںܶʱԲˡ
ֱ仯̸Ϻû޷ǸԵĴ֮ˡ
ȻصѧҺعϵܺãҲǿĳȻ춼ôˣԶٱ㷹Ҳã
Ȼɻ굽ƾʲôԼŮˡ
ȴǲɫ
ˣлܺˣֻҰ軹ڵһȥԷأҾͲ߶ˣƷæ˵
ȻˣҾͲˣҲǿ
Ʒñڴȥһ£Ȼٻȥɣ歵
лˣ
ųƷű뿪˵ǰȥơ
ſڣʵ正Ʒʲôģ֮ǰǸ㰲Ź˽̵ģǰ챻ˣ
ǵģ֣Ұŵ˽ȻҲ㲻ˣͳƷֱ֮𣡡ҲǺ˵Ʒĵһ죬ͰҵĻħȭͻƵ¯ĳ̶ȣ
Ŷǵе˼ˣķһˣ۾૵
˵ҲΪ֣ҲţƷֻǸոսħȭҶѣսͻƵ¯ľ֮УΪҲӽһͻƵ˻ѪڣʱĻħȭѾͻƵ˳뻯ľ磬Ȼ֮ǰʮ궼ûбֳʲô֮һǿˣ歾˵
ϣ˵ĻӽĳɾͲܳƷͻȻ俪ϣһ˱ţǽı˵Ǳʮ㡣
ֳܱ㹻츳Ļҿ԰ǩǹ˾Ҳ֯ػĶҪȥ̽ؽ磬һЩԱѧңѧңʷѧ֮ģҲҪ٣׬ǮĿʲôǶؽػģܹһżǼҵ϶ܸһ¥ҷϺüҲҪע˲ţ
ףػĲǺΣյôһһӵȫû˵
Ҳûа취飬ȻΪΪʲôʱ䣬ܹؽֳز⿿֯ػĶôٶȣؽػȻǷǳյģһʧܾܿҪ޴Ĵۣǹ˾ҲһƿҪһ¥ͷǵһɣЩǿļҵļûؽػĶӣһЩػĶӣδǶ֣˵ˣЩ㻹ңԶҪ飬ǿѧ鶼ǴҪģҪǮԼȥþˣ
ˣȲ˵ЩˣȥԷɣõȼˣ

Ʒϵ˿ڣصʱҲѾǺˣڵֶȷʵڣȻ߹Ƕˣǳ֮Ѿ˺ܶ࣬ӰжҲûĳɺܿ֡
ڶ죬ƷҲûĻֻڼҺúõʱȥңһûк歽ֻ֣һ߿ϰһָħȭϵһЩȱݡ
ʱҲŵķɿ죬ֵܿһѧʱˡ


23 ԼսӢ
һһ磬ƷʱѧУſڣֻһκ֮ǰͬš
˵֮ǰһЩĻôѾͻƽ˻Ѫ֮У֮ǰ˵ֱĿư࣬Ҳ׾١
һôֻڿưأ෴ģҪŬưеص࣬Ŀǰϲ١
ֻдﵽ۷壬ͻƵڲпܿصࡣ
нһµʱ䣬ʱȥͻơ
ЩǷ̫ˣֲֻܹˣǼˣҲǰδҪ̫ˡ
歼ҵƻȷʵʮ˵ãĹͷˣֻϢһѣȻѾõ߰˰ˣȻǰ˵·ʹ
Ʒ߽ѧУ
߽˰༶֮Уʱ༶Ѿ˴ˣƷɨһۣߺ־ûҲǣƽʱҲǻôˡ
ոҪȥԼλãȴͻȻоһߴӰֱӵǰ
ȴ˭أ
ֱӵ˳ƷǰƵɫ
֮ǰƷŻţʵս̫ˣ¾š
⼸һĽ֣νǾḻˣϹƶûܱȵ
ʱֻǵһЦ˵ͬѧ㵲ҵ·ˣ
ƷҾҪ·ʲôҪô㱻Ҵһ٣ҪôԺҾƵߣɶݺݵĿųƷ˵
ƷʱˣɻΪ֮ǰ鹢ڻء
ңûǴĻУ˵˽ﶷŹҪܷģƷȴǲ˵
ܷܷΪ˲ɣʲôư඼ϵķЦһ⼸ܵﵽڡ
ǾػѪֻһŵĴڣֻҪŬһͻƵѪڸֻʱ⣬Ҳǿ϶ܿưˡ
Ʒǿ϶ûῼưģǸȻôȴˣһһܡ
Ʒɹð༶˶Ŀ࿴ͳǸ壬ÿһƷһУҪٰһȦܲŭ
ס˳ƷѾɹ˰ϴ󲿷˵ע⣬˶֪֮ĶԹɳԵʧڳƷϸǵ̸ʡ
֮ǰ軹ȻҪȡ裡
ҿҲãֲɵϴαƷһлܣûƸô
е˼ˣҲҴϵѧУ
Ʒʼ磬˵Ȼ㲻ܷҲûʲô˵ˣ
ЦһֱһǰһͻɽֱƷŶȥ
ٶȻǰҪǿĶˡ
ϿϷ˾Ӷ࣬һ֣˶ǰһͺˣͻˡ
ȻѾͻƵ˵ػѪڣѹˣ
ԭͻˣҪ϶ҲҪһسӣ
˼ˣƷҲֻǵضѣ
ɵһȭƷֻһҲ㣬ֻǼ򵥵һȭֱȭ
أ
ƷȻǺ󷢣ٶȴԸ죬Ǻ˫֮еһ
Ÿոײһ𣬶ʱֻһҽȻֱֻˡ
ڸղŵײ֮УԳ˴ƷǺεǿᣬǶ正ǹϵĲĻҺͶԷ׺ݶƴ
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ǰһһӰ֪ʲôʱѾɱĸǰȻһֱؿڡ
أ
һƺߣһֱ߷ɳȥüףݺˤ˵ϡ
ˤͷĿѣȴأš
ܣѾǻѪڣôܻܸ㣡
һôȡԭΪͻƵ˻ѪڣôҾ㣬òҪңĻе𣡡
ƷһøжûУɲֻ֮ǰĳͻ
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Ȼǰ༶ʵǿģҲȴ󲿷ҪǿĶˣƽʱҲ۸һЩͨѧ
Ʒƽʱ͸ߺ־ĺãڸߺ־ϣûʲô˸۸Щ¶ǰûܣڲͬˣɻǵͷϣȻŹᣬݺݽѵһ¡
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Ʒ㾹ȻѧУͬѧҿǲУУˣʱһȴȴǷӢ˭ء
ƷƳһ۷Ӣ˵˵೤Ƕȳ˻۾ϹˣûȳҳֵôǸ浽УǱҲ㣡
Ӣɫ΢΢һߣ漴ɨһˣ˵˵ȶ֣˿ô˭Ϊ֤
Ŀ𺣬ɢһвζԭԾԾԣҪΪƷ˵ģҲһӱû
룬ΪƷͬѧ֤һɤӽҵһ˵Ŀ⿴ȥȴǸ೤˼˭ء
ƷҲЩȻû뵽˼ȻΪ֤΢΢ͷʾ⣬ʾл
˼֤Ӣɫǵûкÿѿ
Ȼ˼Ϊ֤ҲͲ˵ʲôˣиߺ־Ŀɽ۸ͬѧһԹ۵ģ༶ķˣӢһ𺣬ȴ˵ĴȻ
೤ҲҪ˵ʲôûʵĻ֪㿴Ҳ˳ۺܾˣɣ˵Ҳᣬº̨ĽһҲʡҸֽ鷳Ʒֱӵ˷ӢĿġ
ѧУǽֹ˽ﶷŹģ̨ȴǲֹģϰ֮ˣѪյͣҪЩһ㶼£ҲǸܵġ
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³ƷһӾͷһӢæڶ
¶˼Цݣܹ뵽ºƷ¹ĵĳһ


24 Ʒİ
μʮ֣ƷһɨƽеĿαҪ뿼ص࣬ҪκãĿҲܲЩ˺ܶ࣬ڶҪϡ
ƷҪͷӢԼսԱߣߺ־ʵҲ˵顣
û취ֵĺܴ󣬷Ӣǰǰ೤꼶༶С
Ӣ˵ƷֻһѰѧڴ֮ǰֻаϵѧ֪˾ȻҪڰºԼս۴ĸǶ˵Ǵˡ
ʦˣ飬ȷʵԳƷ֣ҲûΣֻǽ䣬Ժע㣬û˵ʲôˡ
ɣƣƷˣֱۣѾﵽ˽ǵı׼ڻҽء
ԣûҲ˳ۺܾˣôĻǵ鷳Ʒͷ˵ϵ㶼˵˰ɣͻȻҵ鷳˵ΪͻƵ˻ѪڣҪһسӵĹϵȴɣͻƵѪڣǺͷӢѲ˹ϵ
⵹ҲûҸղȥһ£ɶڷӢȹأٺ٣Ϊ鷳ǵĴ೤϶ѪˣɾȻֱɱڿûǰ֣
ߺ־ٺһЦ˵ҲҪףӢǼһȻܷˣһʵȴʵʵģҶûаһܻȻҶ˵˵ҲֻǻѪڶѣڻǲԶˣ
ͷİɣҼȻҺ°ºԼսҾаܹƷ˵
ȻаվͺˣҪʲôһˣ
ߺ־ƷѾ⣬ҲͲ˵ʲôˡ
⼸ôͻȻôǿɱúƱ˵Ļңǲ֪һ֪ôǰ컹ǵ׳żѾǵػѪˣߺ־ɵÿʵ
ʱѯʱܵ飬Ǵɻ䣬ҲԳƷɱȤȴ֪ⲻʡ
Ǹߺ־ֲͬ˵ĹϵôãҲּɻ䡣
˵ҿˣŲţƷЦЦ˵͸ߺ־ĹϵܺãѰ飬ȻûвԷģһȴ֪ͬһй¶ȥ롣
ܻǣˣ
¸ߺ־ĺֵܣҲ˵ֻһֱײģ
ֻܰ˵һǸˡ
˵Լǿˣʵ˵Ҳûֻȫ¶̥ǣɲֻԴô򵥡
ߺ־һۣȻ˵ţˣʵҲûôȤֻҪ֪ҵĺֵܾͿˣֻһҪ󣬸Һúһ٣СӰϧĺݣΣûӦսҪҺúóһ
ģû⣡ƷЦЦ˵
ƷȻô˵ľ԰ա
ǻѪڣڰؾڣ׶Σ˵Ҳѣ˵Ҳ򵥡
ӣӲָܹڵָճ̶ȴﵽһ̶ܷ֮ӦԺ֮Уνӡ
׶Ҫھ֮ǰôζǿ֮󣬶ƿشﵽ൱ȷĵز
زֳܹһЩ˵һط˵ˣܹ˿ڸļ⣬ԶֹѪ
˾׶αһ꣬ʱ䣬ΪҪͬʱƿµĸʵ̫ˡ
ﵽӵľ磬һҲ׽״̬
Ʒƿھĸ֮Ѿﵽһ൱ߵĵزټĻħȭҲ˳뻯ľ磬ȻֻһŻȭĹ֮УƿҲﵽ˵ߺȻҲֻħȭ뻯Ч
ѰҪѰ꣬һյĳ̶ȣֻҪϵͳԵվͿˣҲ˼ʱ䡣
Ǹʱڣ
֮ڣ׶Ҫľһһ忪λڸĵγһȹ̵
ĹؼҪϺܳʱ䣬ΪʵǷǳΣյһ̡
㣬岻Եɾ޴ƻԺܴﵽҲпܡ
̣ҲԵҩٹ̣ǳŴִһΪĵҩ̷ȥͿڵɹ̡
ֵҩҲܹ󣬲ڶ嵤Ҳʮ򣬱Ͳһܹѵģһ㶼ǼЩǮĲܹѵ
ִᣬֲݵ˲һŲһǮ÷ãҲܹʣǸʵ̫ˡ
Ϊʲôҩļ۸Ӹ߲µĹϵҩܹ൱ʱ䣬ֵǮĲҩģܹҩƳɵҩ
ЧҲһһö㹻ڵʡȥһ꣬
ǰûھϵû˻ʱЩ߹ھ͵ϺЩʱ䡣
Ȼ󣬵ȴﳬִֵʵҲûȫˣһļֻͥҪҧҧҲǿġ
ڳƷ˵ȴǲģǡ쳤ؾûʼľĿȣǿȶͬĺü
ͬģҪ￪ҲһҪѵĶ࣬һһö͹ˣҪöϣҪʮˣټҪ̵ʱɣ뻹Ҫٶö
Ҳ˵Ҫ취׬ʮŹ歵һµҲֻ׬ʮ򣬻Ԥ֧ʮ򣬸֧ļ۸ԼҲһ
ף˽ĴҪأûɵģȫȷġ
ʱȷʵӦý׬Ǯƻճˣ


25 ͻӣ
֮ҹ֮УƷԼ֮ϡ
ȫ׼ڣ
ʱ֮УƷÿ춼ѧѧ֮ȥǱߣָħȭС
һ糣
⼸೤ӢҲûȻڰºһսϳ׽ܣݺݳһɡ
Ҳ˳Ʒ˼öȥ顣
ڻħȭϵΪҲսȻδ뻯ĵزҲֻʱϵˡ
ֻһŵ򣬾ͿԿȥˣ
УƷȻҲʮԵģҪûԹ˵ľ鲻㣬歵ĽҲô죡
ʲôʱܹ뻯ľ磬һƷҲ֪ˣΪ򲻱Ըۻѻȥ˾ˣû򣬾ûݲ˿١
ƷԼҲѾһֻſڣȴǲŶ롣
⼸죬ֻǲϹ̻ѪڣȻڡ
ò˵嵤Ȼ󣬵ЧȷʵƾԼҪѪںķѵʱ䳤˵ҪѺܳʱ乮̡
ȻڣֻʱѾ˻Ѫ۷壬嵤Чѵ
õҲԼĶ嵤ԶҪĶˡ
ÿҪڵʱܻһЩϣ״̬ʱʵ̫ķˡ
һҹٶȳڡ
ȫעеע֮ϡ
⣬ĸԺ֮Уڽ͸ɨһ
ӡԺ֮еľԽԽ࣬Ҳʼо˳Ӷʵ̫ˡ
˵Բеһν˫ޣʵ˵ľ;˫С
УϵĴ򰾣ϵУ֮ԵģԴǾϵС
Ѱ֮ѹʵףԭΪֻϵоͲһЩˣǿ־ᶨЩˣھףС־ᶨЩˣǳھͺѡ
ڱҲ֤˫޵ȷԣǹԣ߹֮·ϣһ·ߵ
ȻһеĻҲҪ㹻ǿһǰġ
ִе˺棬Եõͻͨޱȵܣ½һ
ͨҪҲƾյҪǿ֧ţЩ˼ǿľΪһͨ˲ͻǱԼԼġ
ƷȻûܹһԳɹÿһγܹԼԺ֮еͼһЩЧҲʮ־˵ġ
Ƕ̶̼ѣѾͬʱ󲿷ֵ
Ҳ֪ȥ˶ãֻоԼֵ˼ޣԴʼʹֽ˲١
УҪ֧ס
Ʒҧһǿ֧ŹȥͼҲֻһСˡ
ʱʵǲˣʮ죬ҪͷӢһսҪͻڲſԡ
ʱֻо֮кڴһҲ֪˶ãأ֮УһֱȫĴ֮С
˲ִʹ״̬͵õ˻⣬Ҳһޱ״̬
ԭһֱûа취ƿصһ壬ҲѾͼ֮ˡ
ͻˣڣ
ƷܿȷˣԼȷʵѾͻƽڣֻǳڡ
ʵһֹϵзʽһڤķһ棬ͨϼƿأϵĶԼľΪ
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ڵĳƷֻģоһЩľĴڣǾ˵ЩǿӵʱܹоЩëϸѪܣڻܹоϸĴڣǸʱ򣬲
֮ڿǰҪһ裬ʵϵԭΪ֮ڵԶԶڣǶָƣһСģͻ߻ħᱻЩɡ
ճ̶ԽߣԽ⵽ַɵγһֱܡ
˵ﵽ̶ֳȵӣѾ㹻ˣҲζţԽһУˡ
˳һӵ״̬ʱȴȻԼ֮УԺ֮еϵ֮УȻһȻֻܹǿ֪״ʹСҲһ
Ϊ֣ⲻǳŴʱ򣬵ʺ߷ô


26 ˲г
ƷͨӣԼԺ֮оȻһö񣬶棬һžᣬôͻأĳԼԺУԼȻһоûС
ɲǼ䣬鶼ˣΪʲôԼᱻͷβĸ죬һӺ˺ܶ࣬һеһУֻ¶Ǹ
Ѿ׵׵ԼԺ֮УƷܿͷ֣ÿԼʱ¾ͻḡֳһֻԼܹĹâܹܵһЧʼֱ°빦
ԭˣΪĹϵ
ǸɽͼҲԼԺ֮Уһ񣬲۳Ʒô޷߶ɽͼ
Ҳֻܷˣ²ǲԼľβûа취߶ɽͼκεķӦ
ΪӳŴż֮УҲھ˲ٵķҲûлʹõģаճŴĹżϼصģк÷Ƶķ
ǴһЩҪʹЩҪмߵľΪȻƷǴﲻǸزġ
οɽͼܹһöңԶĳŴʱִȻһķҪ߶ѶԸ
ˣȻһɽͼˣǾԺ˵ˣ
Ը⻹ǲԸ⣬Ȼûа취Ҳֻܽȷںˡ
ڵĵ֮Ǳģ׬Ǯˣ
֮󣬾ڣһܹ̫ˣҳƷʱȱǿһĸԶһҪϺü
ĿǰĹ㣬ҪöſԣԼƣٳ˹ѣҲҪʮ
Щܹʱ䣬ѸԼĵҩһֱܹԺֻɱɱ١
أƷͻȻ뵽һ㣬ҩ֮Լ۸Ӹ߲£ҩıļ۸֮⣬Ҫʦļ۸񲻷ơ
ȻˣΪʲôȥأ
ȻʦѾȹȥһЩҪĶˣҩг˵ɲá
ټкܶ˶ţˣΪһ˷ʵʦɺܴ
ʦЭ۵ҲֻѰ͵ĵҩһЩЧȽرĵҩȴûеģЩ˾õ˵ҲֻԼȥơ
ͨʦЭҵʦĵҩԼãҪۣնҪɲƵ˰ѵģԼҵʦĻȫһˣȫʡȥٵķá
Ʒֻи߼ʦѧͽִգչ涨ǲܸƵҩģʽļϰʦĿˣҪʵʦЭȥ˵ģҪͳһ˵ģһοˣһԺġ
ȻƷǵȲһˡ
һ˲г˲г
һ˲гֺͬ˲гĳ֣ʵ֪ȴܶ࣬кܶиָò˻ȥ˲гѰ
ûˣʲôĶУɱö֮ĹУֵǣֺ˲гĴڣȴطҪãһ˽ȥУҲҪİȫϻʲô⣬˵һǿ֧ź˲гĴڣû˸Ļͻ⵽һĹ
Ҳǣֺ˲гȻûбȡޣʵ֪Ĵڵ˻٣˲гҲ֪Ѱ֮
ƷҲһߺ־֪ôһط
Ȼ뿪˺˲гǰȫҲͲܱˡ
ĳǲΪƵҩΪûӦִգں˲гͲͬˣû˻Ҫʾִգʵѧͽں˲гһɵкܶࡣ
Ϊʽʦȱٴŵ룬ȱǮ
Щʦ͸Ǹǧ򸻺ȫǮ
ֻЩѧͽûȶ룬Ҫһɾͳ˱Ż츳֮⣬ҲΨַͨһˡ
ʽʦں˲гһɵģֻҵĶһЩ߶˵ĻһЩܼĻƣҲø˰ں֮л˱ֶΪ
ȻѾ⣬ƷҲͲԥ
ڶһ磬Ϣʱ򣬳Ʒֱӳ˹˾붫геһ֮أҲйĽشҲǹϵäԲк˲гڵĻ
Ʒŵһֻ֮дڵĺ˲гµ˲гһУѷɫ˲г
ȫһ±˷ֵӣƷҲò棬ŵ˲г¾㲻ھкͶһҲ˰ɡ
ûԥֱû֮С


27 
˲гȻù⣬ȴϵģľרŵĹ⣬ԷγɵģԱһڳ
Ʒ˲гһ飬һĦ֮С
ƷǽǧǮһ˲г̯λ̯λ֮С֣ǧǮͿһ죬ڸʲô˲гͲˣƷʲôҲͳͳʡ
ǶҪĻֻҲŵúܶ˸˲гĹȴҲһУǷ顣
ȫĺжˣʳֻƾ°£ȻȻǺУôڳԺ֮ʵҲٲ˵ģֻܿԼıˡ
ƷһС̯λ̯λǰĵĻ룬ֵҩ۸ţ
ȻһУһߵȴš
Ȼ̯λں˲гλñȽƫƧǺ˲гǱȽϴģһ绹вٵǰѯ顣
һ˵ֻи߼ѧͽִգʱûȤ
ϳƷҲֻһѣ͸û˻ˣЩҩһö㶼Ǽʮģ˭ҲԸðա
ڣһ޳ϸӰ˳ƷǰƷ̧ͷһȴһԼĪŶʮģ毺ãžױݣһְͦҵװ޳Ůǰ
ǲСֵҩĸֵҩ᣿ŮԲŵ顣
˵Ҳٵʦˣһֺ˲гϵʦὫԼƵĵҩгѡ񣬵Ǹ˵ԼȫģûС
˵ȫǴ󲿷ֳõĵҩӦöûģƷ˵
ŮԸӲˣʵʦִô
ϻҵȻûʦִգҪʦִգһôȥ˲гòã
ƷҲе㲻ͷŮһǸֲţֳ
㡭ŮӱƷһŭƷĻȴͻȻ侲
ûн꣬һôѵǧһ̯λֻΪǲ𣿡Ʒ˵
Ůһ룬ȷʵҲˣеˣҲ̸ʲô֮в˴źڳԺڵ⣬Ҫ˵˭ôģһ̯λֻΪǲ˵Ļǻûôĵˡ
˵ɣʲôҩƷʵ
ƷȻе㲻ͷǻǲͻΪһΨһһûֱӵͷߵˣԣԱȱ˶ǿԼֻʦִնûе꣬Ҳᡣ
Ҵһ嵤Ů룬ǿ˵
嵤ֱʦЭͿԽ˰ɣƷʱеɻʵ
ŮҲ򵥣嵤Գ۵ĵҩǹƵҩֱʦЭķ
һ嵤ȻԼãǴ㷷ˣΪʲôҪ˲г
Ȼ˵ͨ˲гļ۸ƣҲŸΣգں˲гϣû˸ҷһ˺˲гǾһˡ
Զ嵤Ľγ̶ȣʦЭʦƣҲеı֤˻ѡ˲гЩûʦִյҰ·ʦơ
һƵģһЩֵֹģûйٷĵҩһЩٷֹĽҩ
ȻڳŴھ͸ԭĹʵţ˾иɣʥضԼػĶӣкܶҩĵ˶䵽ǵϣ䵽һЩ˵ϡ
ÿԼʦģʱ򣬸طĺ˲гõѡ
Ʒеĵʾֽ֪ҩЩҩ֮Իᱻ֮ΪҩΪ߿Ĳƣ߶Ÿ־޴ĸá
Ϊʲô㣬Ҿ㣬˵ֵҩ嵤ܲƣŮӿʵ
嵤ѣȻû⣡ƷͷȻ֣ǾһʵӣΪʲôء
ֻҪ׬һͰôܶͼ򵥵Ķˡ
Ʒȱľǳʼʽδ֮·ȻһΪǮḶ́ŲǸոտʼˡ
ȻŮ˵һ嵤Ҫȥƣ٣ȱٵʮҲпܵˡ
Ҳ㣬Ҫ֤ʵŮһ˵
û⣬С˼


28 һ
·һʮ꣬ոձҵĴѧȻᣬѾһҽеҩϰˣȻǼ̳˸׵Ĺ˾ͬڱҵͬѧ֮УҲٮٮˡ
Դӻص˾нӹΪ岻öǰݵĸ׵֮ȻᣬŮԣʱᱻӣƾŸ׶Ļչӹ˹˾֮Ҳ˳졣
Ǿһǰһж˾޴ı仯һг־ĹӸ翴⻹ûʲô
Сòͺܳɫ毺ã޳ѧУʱ򣬾ͱΪŮкܶ׷ߣҲһЩ˾ĹӸ硣
ֻǶܾˣҲЩĸĹӸ磬ִǷᣬȨȨƶܵƣǾаŮ
ҲûзϣֻҪ־һʱ䣬֪ѶҲˡ
˭뵽־׷˰֮޹ɴ߳ŭҪɱĹ˾ҪĹ˾ҵڸ첻ȥ
Ҳûзϣһֱһ֮ʶ־ǿЦġ
һû񣬹˾һ߲͸˾ǩһӣϰö嵤ֵǧɹĻ˾׬ϰ
ڴ˾˵ǧʲôǶС˾˵Ѿһʷǳˡ
һҪǳɹˣͽڹ˾֮ܵλãƫƫһ⣬ǩһӵĹ˾߲ܿˣԭ˾ƸʦҲͬʱְ
ⶼʲôϾ֮УȻƶ嵤мϰʦ̫࣬Ҳ١
ǵȥʦʱȴ֣еʦͳһõ˾棬Ծһӣȥ
ƫƫǩµһӵΥԼرߣܰʱĻҪ⳥ǧ
С˾ȫֵҲǧѣΪһʵӣרȥдƶ嵤ҩġ
޷ɵĻǹ˾ֻƲһ·ߡ
ʱ־ȴǰʱ֪һжǳ־ڱ󵷹
־ڵĳڴＯоӪҩģҩӰĴţڶУҲΪǰС
ڴＯŵӪҵ񣬾ҩĺ͵ҩģЩʦҪ򽻵Щʦ֮Ӱ
ڴＯʦЭЩʦҪӣϾҲҪٴֻۣҪ·诵Ĺ˾ƵҩͿˣͿջڴＯŵһ飬ݶѺֶΪ
ˣ·ҲԸڳ־־׷ĹУŹ־һЩ飬аԵ裬ȻԸһ
һʦЭѰԸֵʦһҲϵеʦ
һνʱԽԽеŬǰá
ҪʱˣһжˣԼҪˣԲŴڴＯŵӰȻҲ͸˺еʦ֮С
еʦҪôûҪôҲԸΪһʵӵڴＯš
һֱ˳ƷôᣬҲһӣǴתߡ
ͿʦѧͽִյģûУʵֵĻͦģǣ嵤ʦѧͽƵġ
ҪʦѧͽҪǼֵҩҲ嵤ĵҩ
ǾǳϰʦҲ̫ģֻмϰʦܹƵġ
ҪƵĿɲһööϰöһϰʦܹڶʱɵġ
ǳƷһصģ˼ϣһˮˣץһݣ֡
ôտڰ˵㵱ȻţȻƶ嵤ӦҲѾ׼ƶ嵤Ҫҩģûһö㲻֪ôƷŵ˵ҿһ·ӦҲֻʹһɣҲ֪ΪʲôǶϸƣǼȻѾûбѡˣ룬һԣҲһɣ
ãȻˣ͸ɣ
·˵
Ʒ·һ·˺˲гϵĳ֮Уͣ·诵һг
ͨһƷ֪ˣ·诼˽ƣǼҪǿˣֲǮ歼ͣŵЩгһ·Ҫöˡ
֮󣬷гѸֱʣžеķӶȥ


29 ̿ʽַ
·诿ŷɳܿ˾ееһƬҵͣ·诼ҵĹ˾һƬҵ֮С
һİ칫¥ģȻֻģҲɼ·诼ҵĹ˾ȷʵӪղ־һӵ飬Ȼ
Ʒ·诽˹˾ҲһЩߣһ¥Ϊ壬Ȼ˫գص˶ûˣȻǾӪˡ
ܿ죬Ʒ·˹˾µ֮У˾Ӫľ뵤ҩҩйصģƽʱԼҲƵҩȥڹ˾ʦ֮Ҳûпˡ
ҲǲȽ޳ģʽԼһʱûпˣ¡
ҵһǣƶ嵤ҩĶѻɽȫѻһԡ
Ʒһۣ˵Ǵһö嵤
ô֪֮ǰûɣ
·ΪȻĿųƷһ·ûҪƶٶ嵤ֻ˵һѡ
ƷֶֻڼЩҩĵʶȣֻһ˵ⶼǻˣûʲô
Ȼ·诶ڳƷɲôţǳƷһ۾ͿҪƶٶ嵤֣ȴҲ·诶ԳƷҲ˼Ρ
֮ǵһκ˴֮䶼ЩΣȰһö嵤ҵ̸ֶ֮ĺƷǲ˵֪Ҫ·课ôеѣɴֱ֣Ҳۼʶʶ
ƷҲ·Щɵ¯ǰϻ𣬼ˮһеĶˮͺƷѾεĵҩһ
Ƶͦ˵ģͲ֪汾ˣ·Щɵ˵Ҳ׼ˣƷǰоеԺˣ⵽ǻỹǲᡣ
ܿ죬¯֮еˮѾշУƷߵһץһҩģȻӽ¯֮С
ιҩĵķҲóӰôӽȥ
·诶ʱæ˵
Ȼ֮ǰǹ˾ҲǺмϰʦųڵĺͬģҲϰʦƹεҩǺ޲ÿһСģÿһʲôʱ㣬ҩĶнһ㣬ĵҩЧͲĶˡ
ʦĲɲĵĶܹģͬĵͬʦƳĵҩֱ֮
ģˣƷŵ˵
Ʒôӣ·ͻȻ͹˾ʦʱġ
ִƼģʵûеɢޣҰ·ӡ
һЩдеʦһץܹץҪҩģҪִƼĴУдеʦʵҲǺټģҲֻŹδ
ƷòҲдеʦɣ
·诵Ժðôһ뷨֮˲ͱ˦ȥˡ
ôܣͿƷӣ˾һͨĸôܻдеʦء
ЩһдУͷ͸ţкǮ
ôΪǮأҲòܡ
ǲ֪ôģУȴ˼ϣðͿǼƲĹ˾ˡ
ȻֻƷҲ¯ֻȻ
¯ûϵô
Ʒż·ԼżȻֻãϣڳƷϣֺγϣƷܹɹء
İɣû£ֶ嵤Ҷ֪ٴˣ۾ģƷĿ˵漴ֱĻ
ʱѾʼˣ·课ٲҲ֪ʱܴţȻнҲֻܿţ漴鷢ˣΪյصҪҩĵʱ䣬㿪ѳƷȴƷԼ۾Ȼʼҩġ
ȻֺֻһҲˣǽǷֺ۾ҩģ𣬻лģʽ
ֱһԶһ
Ҳܲ·课棬Ʒеı֣Ҳ·诶𽥵ӡ
ڣ󼴽¯ʱˣƷһƽӣ·˫սŵָǷףΪڳƷ˵ֻһѣȻ˵ȴҪϵĹ˾ǲǻᵹա
һɫӿ޴¯¯Զ򿪣һʵĳƷҲɵ棬ִȷʵкܶȡ֮
ڵʼеĳŴʦҪ¯ûô򵥣ÿο¯Ҫϲپء
һҩ˱ǶƷƾҩѾȷһö嵤ˡ
·æǰ˵ҩʱĵҩոճ֣ͣ·Ѿ˲ôˣҲΪֱϰһ֮󣬾϶
ȻǱϾҲǴⷽģ۹⻹еġ
һöȷʵǶ嵤ɣӳɫϿȻʮʮĳɫ
·诶ʱЩ𾪵Ŀ˳ƷҪ֪ȻҩǰһĵƳĵҩΪÿʦĹͬҩĵʱϼӣӰĳƷ
һ˵Ƴĵҩ߳ɵĳɫѾǺϸˣа˳ɾǾƷˣųϵĳɫȫǿˣܹһ
ʮʮĳɫĸֲ趼̿һ׼ûһĲп
Բ˵þͿƳģǶҩ˽Ѿ˹пܡ
Ȼǰˣ
·诿ųƷ鼫Ϊ𾪡
˵֮ǰ·读ɳƷǿտڰ˵󻰵ĻôڣۿƷһöʮɳɫĶ嵤е񼶼ʧˡ
ֻʣޱȵ𾪣֪ʮɳɫĵҩжôѵãþܹɵġ
Ϊˣ֪ǰ꣬ʲôͷ
ƶ嵤мϰʦͿ飬ҪʮɳɫĶ嵤³ʽʦпİɡ
⡭·һʱҲ֪˵ʲôˡ
ԱߵĳƷ˵ôɫҲˣӦûɣ
û⣬û⣬ԭһλʦʧʧ·æ˵
ʦ֮УǳеλȻֻʽʦܱ֮ΪʦһҲԸܼϰʦдʦû˭Ըء
·ȴʵ˵ģƶ嵤һ棬ƷȷʵǿǴʦˡ
ȻѾˣôһҳֵļ۸ˣƷ˵


30 
˵һʼ·读ڻɳƷûĻôѾûκλˡ
һ£Ʒֵļ۸Ѿճˡ
֮ǰҲѯʺеļ۸һö嵤ļ۸񣬴žһҰɣһöҾһһΣƷ˵
۸ʦֵļ۸Ҫһ
Ǻϵļ۸ӵģȥʦģ·Ͼ·ģһЩȽĵҩģͼ˵ġ
۸񲻱˵ĻˣϾʦбϣʦЭᱳ顣
ȥ˲гǱһɵʦ붼ûִյģЩ˳׬Ǯ֮⣬Ҫ֡
ţҲܲκϵܹļɡ
ʦǷǳǮģǼ˴ţɴţǮ򶼵ҪԼ취׬Ǯſԡ
ֻǶ嵤̫߼ĵҩҩҲҪüҪն嵤ƣ˵ҲüͶ롣
Ҫ뿼ʽʦҪյľͲֻǶ嵤ˣеͶ붼ֲ
Ǵôʦǰ˲гԭ
ʦǰɴֻĶѣǵʦˮƽͼȥ֮󣬾ͺöˡ
˼ϰʦܹˣ
Ȼ˼ϰʦ֮׬Ǯ·Ҳ٣Ҫһ͵ȥҩģϰĵҩһʾ޴ġ
ǵʦӼϰʦʽʦ֮׬ǮʱŻʼ
ʽʦǧֻǵУȻճϰӴ󣬵ܹӪˡ
Ϊ֪ЩԳƷóĲûеĹǧƻ򲡵ķöһְҵ˵ֱǲɵ
Ƕڵõ˵ʼĳƷ˵ȴʲôңɼĿꡣ
ֻҪ̸һ֮ôǮҲˡ
ƷĻ䣬·诵ȴ˼Ť
ʦӦҲǿˣǵĹ˾ڵ̫ãǹ˾ʽһҩˣҪʱˣʵ첻˴ʦĻ¾ҪƲˣ·诵Ҳڱסˡ
ʵϣ˾еǮˡ
Ʒȷʵһôڶҵĸо˦־ˣջûŤͷߣҲ΢ˣ·诣Ȳ˵˻᲻ᣬҲܹôʵ⡣
ϰ⡣
㲻ܸǮĻҲУǾҪǩԼˣƷ˵
ԭǺеĽ׵ĻһǲǩԼģһ㶼ֽס
ϸǮĻͿ϶ҪǩԼˡ
Уû⣬̫лˣʦ
·ֻоԼ˹ɽһһʼĵ͹һӳ嵽۷塣
ƷϴӦĻôǾĿƲˣû·ˡ
˵׵ʱʼĹ˾ɰֻܾڳƷһ֮ˡ
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ʱƷ˵ΨһϣˣϣƷ˵һ⡣
ãǩԼʱǰǮҵʺϾͿˣƷ˵ǱǮкܴһ֣һҪҩܲ鷳ҹĲϣٽǹ˾ң
ƷѾоˣûԼҵжôĲˣʮֵ鷳·诵ңǾͻʦЭˡ
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ǿ־ӪҩҩĵĹ˾ҪͽľЩʦ
Щʦһ£һҹ˾ַˣҲеǹ˾ҪǣЩ˾ҪǺʦַˣôͺˡ
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Ȼ·Ѿµ˳ƷͲǺܴ󣬵ǵ˫ҪǩЭʱ򣬳ʾ֤ʱǳˡ
ʦȻǸ·诲ɵ𾪵˵
ǳƷǸ飬ûӳƷ෴ķسƷˣһȻܹƶ嵤ĵҩֱ漣ˡ
ٵţֻϵţϵͬעĿȦڵˣɶرעҲδ˵Ʒˣ˵˭ܹܹƶ嵤ˡ
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ȻҲһϵ갡
Ҳֻ˵ǣ¼Ի̫ˣֻʱǰЩš
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ȷû֮Լͻᱻϴϱݡ
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ЩǴֱ֮󣬿Ƽըĺô
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Ʒ·诼ֱ̾ΪֹΪһмϰʦҲֻͬʱһö嵤ѡ
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ڷĴڣǳֻΪ˵߸۶ڵһ
⻹ǳƷԼһδƶ嵤ʧܣ˷ʱ䣬˷ҩģĻܶһ㡣
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Ʒƺϰö嵤ʱ򣬾Ѿǵڶˡ
ΪϰöĶ嵤ɴǱ߶˼٣Ҳ绰ؼҽһ£ȫʼչˡ
ʮСʱ۾գһ£ڵĳƷҲúƣۣѾˣʣµȫ·ˣֻҪյĿˡ
Ҳûа취Ϣãֻ΢һ»ָ˾֮󣬾ֵǰȥָлħȭˡ
ʾʮʱѾǵڶˣ·ԼǮĿϡ


31 õĹ
ڶһ磬Ʒյʮֽ
һΣ·պԼ˵ϰĳͣʮ·诰ĲϣʣµʮʹĿ
ڳˣԤ˼죡
ƷͷӢԼõʱ仹ʣһҵʱ䣬㹻ͻƵھˡ
Ǹʱ򣬾Ҫһսʱˣʱ򣬿ɲǵ͵˵ʱ
ΪвһҪ߿ˣڴ֮ǰֳ츳ԽǿȻҲԽܵѧУӣõصҪ뿼ʮУѧϣӡ
ڿɲƳ躹ޣ͵˵ķΪؽֳÿʱÿ̶ҪľӢ룬͸Ϊףۡ
յʮֽ𣬳ƷʱҲû˼ڼˡ
Ҫǰ·诵Ĺ˾öƳȻ챾ҪϿεģƷֱˡ
ڸ׶εѧ֮кܳΪҪȫʱһչضǺö죬ȻҲÿ춼ʱѧ
⼸죬ߺ־ҲкüζûȥѧУƷ˽˽һ£ߺ־ڵˡ
ȻԸߺ־Ϊǽư࣬Ҳٮٮߣǲȫ
ܹڷְ֮ǰôѧУصľӢѧУԴصб
ڳƷҪŵʱóȴصĽסˡ
Ʒеֵʱȴֻĸ˵Ǯ룬˾Ȼǳ档
ǮΪʲôҪҵϣƷɵüͷ΢˵
׬ģһ˫۾˵
ƷüͷĸˣȻһ˽ĲǺܶ࣬ȴҲ֪һиջ
ֱʱ䣬Ȼ׬
żʱ䣬Ķ׬ôǮ
Ʒ뵽˲õķ棬ȻһнӴĲ࣬ͷֻ̫ˣڹʲôģⶼܳ
Ϊ˴ͣ磬Ȼû꣬Ƶ˵Ѿкܶˣһһֱ֧ҵĹڣһֱӸҴʮ򣬲ƽ̨һӶھȫתˣ˵
еŮģƷֱ˵
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ͷ˵磬һ֪ʲôǵ֮ǰ˵ƵʱʵڣֻҲû뵽ȻǸ
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ô˵ƷԷģתһ룬ԼҲûʲôõĵģȻл򼲲һֱ죬ܶ¡
Ůе棬һ㶼ûУӦҲûʲôɵĵġ
磬֪ЩǮ϶ҵĲˣ֧̫ˣû֧֣ǰҰﲻæҲˣܰæȫˣϾǷְ࿼˰ɣӦԣܲһö嵤ʱҲлῼư࣡
˵һ˵
Ʒã֪Щ濴ʲô֪ӣʵ֪һҲһֱҰʲôæ
أƷ΢΢һЦ˵ڽʱͬգưû⣡
˵ţƷֱתʮ档
磬ôǮ
Ծ˵֪Ȼһֱ򹤣ǴжǮ׬һЩǮҲԼġ
ܹ׬ǮôҲԼİ취ðɣƷ˵Щ꣬ҲһֱȽѣҲûܸ㻨ǮʮŻŮҪĶܶ࣡
ţ
ھ˳ڵľ֮Ҳûж˵ʲôˣ֪Լĸ»Ǻзִġ
Ҿ˵ôЩı仯ܴӦÿ쵽۷˰ɣϸϸĴһ³Ʒ˵
ЩȻһֱûϸڲŷָı仯ʵ̫ˡ
ҲܿƷЩˡ
ʲôֵģ˵ֻǻأȻֻǲ֮ǰѾ˵üƵ˺ܶˣ˵ںЩѾ˻Ѫߺ񣬲ƱǿĶˣ
ҲΪͻƵ˻Ѫڶˣ֪Щľο뻻Ѫڣưࡣ
ԸóȻˣֻҲ𾪣ϵϢȻصĺܺãǻǱۼˣҪѰѪҪǿϺü
ոͻƣҵҲõˣԼԸ㶨ģƷһЦ˵
֮Уʵ˻ѪڣоѾൽͷˣʵѪϲûʲôͻƣֻǶƿǿ
ԭʮֵܹӳʮֵڱȻѪǿԭ
ڣһһȭϣҲӡ
գƷҲǾʱȲ׬Ǯ׼β顣
ʱ׼һϲ
ˣȳˣԼһϿҪʲôϸ򵥣
ƷСԴȻͳˡ
·诵Ĺ˾ʱ򣬵õϢ·ӭӡ
ȻֻǹȥѣǳƷٶȿ·诵ʱֻ·˶Ǿȫͬǰǽȴǿװ򶨵ӡ
˾ҲǴǰƷʱ˾Ǿĵģһ˶ûУȴͬˣ˾µ˺һҹ֮䶼ˡ
˾ӼյΣ֮лˣ˾ԱľҲһһˡ
һˣ˾֪ȶܸһ¥Ա˵ûʲôӺõϢˡ
ʦʧԶӭ·æǰ˵
˵֮ǰгƷʦе£˼ôھǳʵˡ
˵ǰ꣬һĹ˾Ĺ˾˰
·ܿ񲻴Ǳ̸ˣƷʵȻ֪ӦѾˣϾǮյˡ
Ҫ˳ʦ·һм˵˳˺ͶԷĽףҸ׻ڹ˾ʱܵĹϵͶԷߺܲףҪɲ˵ĻҲֻƲˣгʦæ
ûʲôȡѣƷĵ˵ͷȻ˵ǹ˾ûðɣ
ûûУһֱأ͵ȴʦʲôʱʹˣҩҲѾᵽʦˣ
·æ˵֮ǰ˾ʦѾˣµʦļУҵȻˣƷʵҲûá
Ǻã߰ɣ
Ʒ˵
·诹˾µԱԾĿɴϰ·꣬Ҳ֪ʲôͷȻܹôϰڳô֣صģ
˵˭ѵļҵĹӸ粻ɣ
ôܣ·ʲô߰ˣǴŵĹӸҲĸԸ¥ӭӣ
Ҹղźˣ·ܽʦȥѵʲôʦɣ
⿴Ҳ̫˰ɣ
˭֪أЩʦʲôפյֶأ


32 
·诹˾ԱûмƷԶΪһפʦأΪȻҲãǺôҲһʦҪýܵĶˡ
Ʒڶ·诹˾֮Уʱ֮лҩĵĶѻֻһζѻľͲƶ嵤ĵҩˣĵҩ
鷳ˣ
Ʒתͷ·˵
鷳ʦôæҶ֪ôлأ
·æ˵ǶЩŴ˾ĹӸ磬ǲٴɫģΨԳƷʱ򣬲ڡ
̶ʱ䣬羭Ĵ䣬һУԴǰˣĹ˾ȣֻǰæһҩĺͽһʦʲôô
ˣҪˣȥæɣùң
Ʒ˵
õģʲôҾͿˣ
·˵˵ת뿪˷䡣
Ʒֱӵȼ¯·¯Ȼʼ
ԼȫĵͶȥʵļҲ糱ˮһ㣬ӿԺ֮С
ȻδƹǴʱȴ·ƹǧٴһĽҩץеķȻͶ뵽¯֮УʦҪúܶศ豸ȻСŸҩĵķ
öƷͬʱʼƣҲѰһöһöơ
һо趨õĳһƷͰ
ڸոսӴʱҲƹ֪ʲôӵţⲻҪϰпա
ЩҩĹ֮ҲˣƴδδƹĵҩɹҲųɡ
˵ʵֳɾͣеϵĵжôǧٹ֣˵䲻ڣֻҪյοɹȻ͡
ܶôѤĽУҲЩĽĶѡ
ֹСʱһȫˡ
һҩ֮Уܿͱˡ
Ʒרװҩĺӣװ
ҵķ٣ҲһҵҲǵҩƳ֮ǲõģΪ˱ҩʧ
嵤Ѱĵҩûʲôһ̴ľװҲˣΪһֵҩĺܿ죬Ҳܴ
һЩĵҩҪرƳɵĺװģЩӾͼֵƣЩرƵУƿ֮ĶҪϰļ۸񣬿Ŀࡣ
ȻҪõֺӵĵҩ۸˵Ҳǧڡ
ܹƳֵҩʦգȼ綥󸻺Ĵڡ
¯ƷɴֱʼÿΪһʦ˵ƽ
Ʒֱһöҩֱӻһɢ֮С
ʱƷɢǴһһ˵ٶ
ΪûпʵǴ֮еĸѨ֮еġ
ʱȫԾͺ⵽ʲô̼һ
Ʒæתˡ쳤ؾûʼһһ㽫һö֮е׵תΪ
ڵҲһ˵ٶġ쳤ؾûʼתǰĻھĺü
ٶҲǰĺö౶
ٶ۾ʱѾٽˡ
Ѿܹоڵһ룬Ȼ⻹ļڣܹоڻɸ
ڵҩûȫոɾ
ʵϣΪҪϣڹϵΪʵ˵ǱȽǳġ
ҲΪĴܹЩƽʱ֫ٺ֮Уһˣըѿˡ
ˣҪһʱܹ۷壡
Ʒ
ѾǿˣĴ֮һƿ
ڻʱ䣡Ʒ˵
Ѿڣ㿼ư࣬Ҳ϶ܹˣʱȴѾγưеصࡣ
ȻĻֻᱻԽԽԶ
뵽Ʒ۾أȴءһĴȴһӴˡ
һԼĪŶʮģŻ󲽵˽󻹸·诡
־Ҹ㣬˽˵ĵطҿԸôլ


33 Ͼ
Ʒ̧ͷȥΪ׵һʮ꣬꣬ϴżѱ飬һˬĿųƷ
ǸҺԣҺµļһ־ĿĿųƷ
Ʒе㲻⣬漴ڵһһɲǣˣֻǺ·֮ǰǸйϵˡ
֮ǰҲ˽һЩ
ӦþǸʼٸ߰ɣ
ҵҪʲô˸ҵҪϾ㣬ھУڶУ㶼ٽӵһ־ݵ˵
ɵƣƷûн־вϣͷҪҩ;ʵ̫ˡ
ҲܻѵܸϾϲɡ
·ǼҵĹ˾ҪǸպñһˣֻҪСһ㣬Ҳڱ۸Ʋ
ô󣬾ҲãҲãֻкСһֶѡ
˵ʲôãܺã־û뵽˾Ȼ˲ӣҵҪĶʦһҪ첻ȥ֮أ
־ҲûǰźˣȻһˣʲôפˡ
һҪһÿ
֪־٣һʲôĺ
־ѾˣٲߵĻȵˣֻҲÿɣڴＯŴү֣кܶýȤɣ·˵־֮Уһ顣
˵һʼֻе㷴г־Ļôھ־ˡ
־ԣֻɫѿĿˣֻһûи
˵ڵϣڴＯСվҲһ죬֣Ȼʲô飬ݵ˱֣Ǻܴѿˡ
ҵţ
־˦һ仰ˣ·诲ߵ˳Ʒǰ˵Բ𣬳ʦ黹۵ˣҲ֪ĶõϢȻ֪ˣ
ƷһЦ˵ĶõϢֻ㹫˾ӦڶҰɣôǮ˶ţһܼ򵥵飡
ҲõģôǷᣬڴＯѵһ죬ھжҶô
ȻڣҲ̸ƽȣѾȹȥöˣЩȨҲ޼ɵǰаԵ
ҪСһЩˣƻҵ鷳Ʒ
νֻҪСһЩҺΣھУڶܹϾңҴȥ˾ѸһЩ׬һЩ·˵Ӱ쵽УеʦҲϻЩжӰõҿڴＯҲûôɣ
·ҲӲЭ
ҵҩҲѾƺˣʱ䵱ˣƷ˵
û⣬ã·诵Ȼûʲôˡȳȥ˾ˣʲô飬ʱԽң
Ʒʼչأ֮ǰһöĵҩҩ֮Уûг׵׵
һչأֱӵ磬彫ѡ
ֵǰҸ歵ʱˣȻڵո׬һǮǮˣǼȻѾӦˣûɲȥ
ҲǳƷ
ϵҵʱѾڵȴˣҲûȥѧѧĻΣڸһ߶Ѿѧˣڵ֮Ƿְ࿼˵顣
ãиооͻѾԶˣ歼Ʒˣмϲ˵
ãǾԣƷͷ
˵꣬ûеȵжһֱӳ嵽歵ǰһȭֱӳ歵Ŷȥ
أ
ģƷһȭֱӵסˣ歵΢΢һ£һվˡ
ûܾϲ
ȻͻƵˣٶȺܿ歾ȵ˵ȻԼѾܸ߿˳ƷˣǻΪƷĽо𾪡
Źȥʱ䣬ƷǵѾ˻ѪڵѾͻƵˡ
ȻӦǸոûãٶȣҲƿˡ
ȷ֮ǰԼжϣƷ϶ͻȻ俪ˣԲŻڶ̶ʱΪͻͽ
飬ټܳҲ֣
ո̷һöոͻƣƷЦһáһҪͻƵ뻯ľ磡

歶ʱҲͷųֱһȭͬǹһֱͦͦĳųƷ
ҵĴսٶȱ


34 ͻ
أ
أ
أ
һһγƵײҵ֮дֻǶһУҵıҲͶϰˣʱⶼѾǳճˡ
ÿƷǵĴС㽻֣ЩΪڵȻƽʱվԱߣһ仰ûУʵҲǼΪȵġ
Ϊڣʵеκһ˶ҪǿߵĻȻҲרŽǸƸ
ʱ䣬Ƕ֤˵ĳɳ̶һµʱ䶼С歾ͽħȭţһ·¯۷壬һ似ٶѾǼˡ
˵Щ֮У歵ڹΪֽһĸǿˡ
ĳɼѾǼΪҫ۵ˣȻĳɼͳƷͲʲôˡ
ƷոʱѪڶǣֻǸոͻƵѣǵڣѾͻƵˡ
ƷĻħȭҲӵңȻô˳µͻƵ˳뻯Ǿԭ
ΪϼŵĴСȻܹõҵȫԴбǳƷأ֪ҲֻһѰ˼ҵ꣬ȴô̵ʱͻƣȷʵˡ
ǵĿⶼųУһ̶ҷɣȻʵսд裬ˣȭۣһж˵
ΪڣǵְǽֿԽ͡
ڳе˵ĽԽļƷΪȽϵͣڻħȭգȴνǴﵽ˳뻯ĵز
һȭܹ֮ϣ
歵ʵǿǳƷͻƵ֮־͸ǿԲô࣬ӳʵҲǳʼα
Щ㱻ƷˣҲûãΪƷû㹻ʵ歵ĸ
սԽԽң歵ԽԽ٣ʵϣڵĻħȭҲѾ¯۷ˣ뻯Ҳֻһ֮ңֻҪһоܹͻơ
ڣƷģǽ뻯Ļħȭӣչָ歿ףĳ뻯Ļħȭôġ
ʵսܹ֮ٶˡ
˫ʵǰ˽֣ϵ˿ҲԽԽ󣬸ǰܱȵģѪ
˶û⣬ֶֻƤˣڵĿƼ˵ַӾκˡ
սĥ־ĺûᡣ
أ
һײ֮ˣʱƷסΣȻȫݵһû鲼ȫûа취һʱȫۼʵʮɵһʱܹõģҲɵɰˡ
ǼˣҲѾ֮ǰҪǿĶˡ
ˣȫһȭ뻯͸ģ
Ʒһָȭһһֱӳ歺ȥ
ɽ֮
һȭǳһУҲ˼¡
歶ʱܹоƷһȭĲͬѰ׻ħȭ֮еɱУһб֡
һɲǼ䣬ҲˣʱȴʱĳƷҪõĶֱ࣬Ӻ䵽˳Ʒȭͷϡ
أ
һ޴ı죬˵ȭͷֱײһ歵ֱ۶ֱĴƷһɽ֪֮֮
Ķ棬Ʒؿ߹Ƕ˺üǳԽ޵ʹóһɽ֮Ҳֱӽ歵ֱ۴򵽹ۡ
С㣡
һԵıڼ״æȥˡ
ҲһɣղһУؿ߹Ƕ˺ü˰ɣҶˣֻ΢΢üһߣֻǶԳƷ˵

ƷͷҲ飬Ϊ޶ȵʾ뻯ĻħȭҲƴȫˣĻҲ˵ôء
ȻһֱۣǻǺֵõģѾʲôǻħȭĳ뻯ˣһжҪлˣһ³֮Ҹʣµһ°ɣ˵
Ʒ歵һʮĳ֮ͣǰǰԤ֧ʮЩ½½Ϊ̷ҩ۵ʣµľˡ
⻹ûһµʱأƷʵ
ʱ䲻ʲôҪǣѾͻƵ˳뻯㻹ʡʮʱ䣬ѵýô˵֮⣬һٸʮΪлҲҪƴˣʮ˵Ĳʲôҵİɱˣ
ǺðɣҾȴ֮ˣƷͷ˵
ǰͻˣҲܹиʱԼϾӢԼսʱɲˡ
ҪʤҪʤ


35 ԾӢ
һ䲻̫ªҲ̸ϸûʵķ֮Уذϣһһ֮ϣһ̶ƵʺÿһκڴڵĿֳ³
أһڷ֮۾³˳һ
Ʒ³һ˸ȻһϣԼȴһƣûио
ԴӵõǸ֮󣬳ƷѾ˯ˣԴ˯
һСʱڶѾȵġ
˵е˼Ϊĸ֣Ѿﵽ˱ٹȵľ磬Ҫʳ÷ʳ֮Ϳˡ
ҲԲ˯ֻҪͿԴ˯
óƷﲻľ磬δǳҪﵽһ־硣
ڵ˺ͷӢԼսʱˣ
һתۣѾһ֮ˣҲ˺ͷӢԼսʱˡ
⼸ʱ̫̣ƷûгڵöʵҲֻö
ˣƷʱڵҲѾѰ۷Ĵˡ
ͬӣƷͣѧУ
ȻǳƷͷӢֵӣʵ϶ѧУ˵ӢСƷʹСˡ
һսȻҲһЩֵѧע⣬ǾӵʦģѧУ˵ֻһô۵顣
Ʒո߽ңֱӱӢסˡ
û뵽ȻӢ¶˼Ц˵漴ֿһ۰༶ûĺֵܰ㵲ˣ
ȻǷӢƷӣߺ־ҲûǰƷ͸ߺ־ͽˣⲻֻһС¶ѣûҪΪרŴҸߺ־Ľࡣ
Ǹߺ־˼Ҳûⲻɵ÷ӢҲеСʧ
Ӣϲ˼ڰ༶ҲʲôˣӢҲ򰵵ı׹ˣ˼Ҳûֱܾˡ
˼༶ʼͺһ˲һֵȫĸ룬ͺû༶һ
ÿҲѧͬѧȴһĸоƫƫʣֻоޱȵ
˼ǰ׻ĳƷϧûûϵ˳ƷϢᴫ˼Ķеġ
Ҫ˵ϻ
ƷǰһӣֱӵԼλ֮ϣƫУֻǡǡá
һֳ֣˳ƷʱƵѾﵽһ¯ĵز
ǰֱһ̥ǵı仯
߰ɣ̨
Ʒֱת˵ͷӢ˵ʲô
һĻڷӢУֻ𺡣
һµҴȫĹͷҿ㻹᲻ôţ
һʱΪƷԵıҪһͳͳȥ
̨У԰ųƷͷӢһ̨ϵģʮһѧԼ༶֮еõϢѧȻҲٶˣƲС
û뵽Ȼ̨ԿƷ˭ǸӢ֪ʮһİ೤ɣ
֪˭֪ʮһʲô۶أӢǶ˰ɣǰϵһѧ㲻ȻƵ̨
˭֪أ˵ƷʮһǸߺ־ϵܺãǰڸߺ־Ĺϵɣߺ־Ҳأ
̨ûпʼͬѧѾ۷׷ˣȻеȫԵȵĽе֡
ֵǷӢ͸ߺ־ƻٸ༶ĺ֡
Ǹߺ־ǷӢǿ˵Ƚص࣬ʱǲͬѧǾ֣Ȼᡣ
ǽֻǷӢƷںܶ˿ֻǽѵѵϲļһɡ
̨ɣӢһЦ˵
˵꣬ӢԼһ̨ƷҲǺʾһ̨
˷ֱռ̨һ䣬ңңԡ
ƷҲ֪ƾʲôҺԣǽһеĽһ֪ƽԶûлȵģǳͱǸ߹󣡡Ӣ߸ϵ˵
Ļʱ̨ܱѧɧЩѧ֮кܶ඼ƽ񣬼ͳƷһûʲôǮ
ȻִὲƽȣҲԲֽ׼֣˭֪ʵʵĴڣķչ󣬵ȻзӢΪԼĳžԽ˵Ĵڡ
ЩƽѧΪĳ̶ֳ˵ȷʵҲûڸ˼ҵķӢǺܶ˷ܶһյˡ
һ׳գƷֻǵ˵


36 һаܷӢ
ӢĿųƷֻǰޱȵĿɶ񣬲ΪεԼΪԼԺģ԰Ķ̤ڽŵ¡
Լ߹󣬵ƫƫƷмһˣԼΪʲôƷһ۵ʱͼȲˬԭɣ
ӢһȻ̶ʱѾ嵽˳ƷǰֻǼ򵥵һȭȻһƿֱӳųƷŶȥû˿֡
أ
ȴƷ̧־һ򵥵ľͽӢһȭ΢ζһ¶ûС
ƷЦȣӢ̫Զˡ
ѾٶȣԶԶǷӢܹᲢ۵ġ
Ʒܹѹ˹£ܹ歴Ĳ£ʱռϷ磬֪ڳƷʵ
ڷӢǼΪȣʵԴ༶Ҳ˼͸ߺ־ɿһսܽһȭľѾˡ
ɲϴκͳƷֵʱ򣬿ѹ˹¡
ȻܹסһȭСΪͿǰôӢЦһ
೤ʵôҿҲһ廨ͷˣƷֻǵ˵ڿô˿أһս֮ҲᴫȫУ
ӲҿһҴȫĹͷ㻹ӲʲôزӢһֻоԼһαƣŭɶȻһȭֱƷĿ
ͻģ
һȭһ˳ǹһֱ̳Ʒѡ
Ʒûʲôֻٶֵ̧סһζûС
Ķ棬ӢֻЦһ·Ѿ˳ƷĿһ
Ϊֻӵĳ̶ôӢһȭסͬʱŤһֱ˳ȥɲǼ䣬һ굶ɨֱɨ˳Ʒ
أ
ղûʲô𣬳Ʒֱӵסһ
أ
أ
أ
ӢĹͬһǳƷȴΡȻʲôĹܹ
е˼
֪ʲôʱ򣬳гһ޳˶ݿʵꡣ
꿴һ׾ţαΧ˶߳һͷԵѹȡ
Χ˿֮󣬶ԾΪóһλá
Ȼŷôˣ
˶һʱϳݣ˵ӢʮһкĻʮеķ
ֽŷǸŷŷʮһֱʮеķϵ꼶ǿļ֮һ˸ѾȫУϵǿ֮һ
˵ʵѾܹϵϺܶʦˡ
ܶ˶ֻԶԶĿŷһۣûʲôԵŷúܶ˾ȡ
ӢȻЩͷȻҲŷȤսĵز
ʵҲΨŷԼ֪ǽ·̨ѣھڵΪһѧ˵ѾٮٮˣǶ˵ȴԶԶˡ
ΪѾ
㿴һ֮󣬾ͷһĵ㣬ӢеӡǸˣȴһǰӡûˡ
˽ֵȴǺ˼Ӣƹ糱ˮһ˿ͣչֳԼڵǿʵ
ȻЩȴȫùһжûܹЧġ
۴ʲôĽǶȹĻħȭᱻƷ׵ĽԶԶȥܹ֣ƷӢĹʱûж
ѵѾͻƵŷɵеֵĿƷǺܿųֿܣֻھȻôǿҲһ漣ˡ
ԾΪÿʱ򣬷ְ࿼ǰ󣬶кܶԭò˵ѧͻȻͳͷˣһˣϳԭǿߡ
ƷҲֻһˡ
е㿴ͷ⿴Ӣ˽սʵû˼
೤ûУֻĳ̶ȣĺʧƷҡҡͷ˵
㾹ȻСң
ӢŭɶҲˣƾȻһ̨ףȻһȭȥ
һȭȻֱһΣֱӴ¯ĵز
Ӣ¶˼ЦݣԭȻʵͽħȭ¯ĵزһֱûʹóΪľʱ
ѾСƷˣǽҲûɵǸزڣѾ˳ƷöԸ֪ʲôʱ򣬾ȻҲڡ
Űʱ򷽲ʹó
ȫϣһȭȻûΣֻɵıƷ
ž
Ʒֵ̧˵೤ĵôİˣôȭûã㿴ˣֻҪһУ
˵ţͬ˶һս֮״Ȼֻһȭ
죡
죡
죡
ӢֻоһһӦȻԼֱӱؿڣ˲䵹˳ȥݺˤ̨֮ϡ
ʤѷ֣ǡһڿϵдһĽ


37 
˶סˣȫɵˣǶû뵽Ӣ˰ɡ
˵Ӣ飬ûмĵ˵ǷӢҰˡ
ȻϿٷ֮ʮǷӢڳ֣Ʒʵֻһζѡ
ǽֻһΣҲ͹ˣ
һУֻһжѣӢͰˣ
˵Ժ֮Уðһ仰ֱ̫ˡ
սˣ϶֪ӢʵģǴ󲿷ֶǰ༶ϵͬѧƽʱҲӢʵ˸ߺ־˼ܹ֮⣬ûж֡
Ǹߺ־Ҳֻ˵ѣܻһ£οô׵Ļˡ
⣬⣬⣬Ʒôôǿ
ʵ̫ǿˣ֮ǰûз֣
˺ð죬ƺڽʵ
ôܻʧܣôܻʧܣ
ܽܵľǷӢԼֻǲϵظһ䣬ⲻͬһΣһѹԼʵʧܻ˵ĹȥһΣˡ
ƷÿһֱۣתҪ̨
ôܻʧܣ
أһһӳƷ˹
ǲܽԼʧܵķӢһӱˣһȭ˳Ʒ
ƷֻɲǼͷӦ˹ȻŤһȻ˻ȥֱ˷Ӣؿڡ
أ
Ӣٶȱ߷˳ȥݺˤ˵ϣˡ
˵֮ǰƷֻ֣ǻ˷Ӣѣôͽ߾ȫˡ
Ӣûؿ߹Ǿ۶ϣ۵ϵĲûа취
ʱ˶׷׵һղųƷܷӢʱ򣬾Ȼûȫһ˭ûпֻƷȻһɨӢ͵˳ȥˡ
Ƕǿ
ǰôûпȻôǿᣡ
ƿưصҲûɣ֮ǰǻΪῼưأû뵽ô
Ҿ˵߾ӣߺ־ô߰˶ϵôãôǼ򵥵ˣ
˶ֻΪƷ֮ǰʵûһΪƷʱͻͽģʵ̫˼ˡ
ܿ죬˷Ӧ˹æְ˽ŵİѷӢ̧ȥҽҡ
ȻִҽƿƼǳ˵ãһҲȷʵһˡ
ˣҲ˶ԳƷΣҲ̨ıĿģ۴Ķôңһ˵ᱻ׷
˲Ը⣬ֻ̨ˣȻȥˣ͵ðչ
ֻ֮ǰ˶ΪµĻǳƷǷӢȻȴ׳ǵ֮⡣
жӢԸˡ
ѧ֮еŷҲ֪ʲôʱѾʧˡ
Ʒûע⵽֮ǰһȫУķע⵽
ʱֻǿְ˽ŵĽӢƣûһ˿һĲܷӢֻȻ飬ؼôӮƯ
ھְ࿼ҲֻʣʮˣѾֻǿưˣ෴ģҪư֮еصࡣ
ǵҪͻƽȵĽصࡣ
ڲŲöҪöܹе۷塣
֮ҪͻʱҲȷʵܽ
һ̶ܷɰ
Ʒ΢΢ȭ˵
ڳƷص֮ǰٻ˷ӢϢѾһ˽ңһʱ䣬ʮһѧˣƺţƷʵ
ڴ֮ǰǾóƷܹܾѾ漣ˡ
ڳƷ̻ǣʲôнˡ
ʱ˵У˷ӢĳƷѾǰ༶ĵһˡ
ѧУķΧ˵һսûʲôϾӢЩͷҲֻЩͷѣ֪˸࣬οǻĳƷˡ
ʱ򣬳ƷͱνȥһˣȷʵΪӢ飬ȴûΪ̨ϵ鱾޷׷ϷӢǱ͵ϮűƷ߳˵ġ
ܶ˶ˣԼҲƫӢ
ֻǽƷйȥһƷͻȻ˷ӢȻһưصӡ
ЩͨĽʦ˵ÿһѧصѧУнģҪѧܿѧн
Ϊ˲š
ζԳƷҲûôɫóƷˣ᲻Σֻǿ߲ܱ˿أǰƽӹԼ˭ע⣬˭ء
Ӣֱܱ֮ӾڼˣҲΪ˳̷ְ࿼ˣҲûƷ԰ĵ
ְ࿼ˣӽ


38 Ϊͬѧͷ
˲䣬գۼţ
ѧУҺ󷽣λ֮ϣһţĺ೤ܹΧĿ΢΢𶯡
ΧѧҲڴǱܿ˵ķ򣬱һľ롣
ǳƷ
Դ˷Ӣ֮ʱȥˡ
ʱ֮Уڰ༶ĵλνǷ˷츲صı仯ڰ༶֮У˵һֱûʲôڸУҶӡҲ͸ߺ־һ
ڲͬˣʤ˷Ӣ֮󣬳Ʒڰ༶ĵλҲˮǴߡ
ںܶ˵Уʮһĵһˣ֪仯жôҡ
ʲôҲһ༶ѧʦעĽ㡣
λãڶû˸ǰֻзӢ˼͸ߺ־еĴ
ѾںЩˣ
ʱ֮УѾ׽ö˻ΪԼΪ
֮УҲѾ۷塣
֮ǰԼҪǿϲ١
ҪܷӢֱһоͿԻϴθɡ
ͻƵ۷֮ſֱӳ￪
ǡ쳤ؾûʼͻԶһҪѵĶ࣬һͻƵĻҪǿĶˡ
ֻʣ˼ʱˣҲܼѧУˣҪҪר־ܷģҲˣƷ⣬֮ǰ˼꣬ߺ־ͺķӢֱˣҲΪ˿
Ǹʱ黹ֲȴҪˡ
أһ󼱴ٵĽŲѧ˽ŮŲٵߵ˳Ʒǰ
Ʒ̧ͷȴͬѧߵǰ
⼸ͬѧǰĳƷ࣬ûʲôڸУƷҲǺ졣
⼸ȻһŮҧ´ɫЩΪѵĿ˵Ʒܲæ
ʲô飿Ʒʵ
ǰ༶ˣǻǵˣǸŮƷƺҪæ˼æ˵
ĸ༶Ʒʵ
ȻʮкܴҲ˲ٵɻʱõ
ѧ԰༶ΪλʱҪΧһֱ棬ԽԽأѧУò棬ƶòͬİ༶ڲͬʱʹ
ֻȻ󽵵ˣʱʱǻᷢ
鷢ˣǰ༶ǿǼȥƷ͸ߺ־ãҲ༶ѧֹֽٴΡ
ְ༶֮ĶԿֻҪֵĺأѧУҲһֻ۱һֻۡ
Ʒʱˣڸߺ־˼꣬а೤ӢһڣȻԼҲǿڵǿˡ
ʮģ
ûǾŰ೤ǲٲŸôŵģ
֮ǰ򳡾ͺǴһܣ
ѧУ涨ǰ༶ʹŲҲˣǵͬѧ
⼸ͬѧ׷ߣȻַ׷׽Ŀ⿴˳ƷϣܹΪԼ˳ͷ
Ʒ֮ǰԹ˭֪᲻أ
ƷֻǵһЦ˵ߣҪǵ
Ʒ߳ңѧҲ׷׸ϡ
ʱѧϰ䣬ϰ֮˶£ڽǣ˿¡
ƷһŶڵĳķȥ
ܿ༶ͬѧע⡣
ʮһЩ˸ȥôڣ
㲻֪˰ɣ˵ǵʮˣ
ʮ൨ô󰡣ʮһȻǿҲأ
ϾҪְˣ˶Ҫϰ似ֳͻԽԽˣѾȷֻܿĿưĵûʲôˣ
⵹кϷˣߣߣȥȥ
ڳƷһ˵󣬺ܿ͸һƱѶǰֵĸѧ
ƷҲ⣬ֱˣȴʱ֮УѾۼԼĪŶʮѧûһʮһѧͳͳʮѧ
ʱű򿪣ʮЩѧ׷׽Ŀɨ˹Ȼ֮ǰǱߵʮһѧ׷׿ڳ˵
û뵽ǾȻһ
ȥȱ˰ɣҿ˵ʮһķӢߺ־˼һڣǰٶľȱʲôã
Ǹͷ˭ôû
°ܽʮѧ׷׹ЦʮһѧòУҲȷʵʮѧ˵ʧߣȻʱԶʮ࣬ȻܱҲǲʵ
Ʒ߽ΧѾΧסʮѧ
ĿֱָЩʮѧеͷˣһԼĪʮģ۽ˡ


39 ѵ
ƷڵĿԶǰֻһ۾֪˵ǿЩʮѧλϣվһĽ˶ꡣ
ȻȺʮѧͷˡ
ҲȻ༶֮ĦԴҲ֣һ˵ûͷ˿ɲС
һͷ˶ǰ༶ΪڵǸ
Ľ˶೤ոͻƵڵĳƷλϲͻƵڵס
ƷҲ֪˵˭ͺ༶˴󲿷Ҳ֪Ӣ˭һȻʵҲŷʵȺȫУ
˭㣿ߺ־Ӣ˼ȻͷѱĿųƷ˵
˭Ҳʶ˭ҽֻһҪ󣬰ǰ༶Ʒ˵
˼Ʒ̬ʱŭɶֱҪţ⻹̣
ҽǼʶˣȻ˱ηɻŵˣǵİ೤ӢҺô˵
ηһָƷһϣúýѵѵ
ʱЩʮѧ˲䶯ˣ׷׳ųƷ˹
˷ǣֱӽƷΧס
һĸߴʮѧ˹ֱһȭųƷͷ˹ҲͬǻħȭƷϤĲϤˡ
ֻ΢΢һͷͶһȭ
ûгȭֻһȻ˳ȥֱߵĸߴѧؿϡ
أ
ĸߴѧԱȳٶȵ˳ȥݺݵˤ˵ϣҵʹڵȴûа취
ѧûֹͣ˵ֹͣƷһٶ̫ˡ
ʱѾѧĹ
أ
أ
أ
ѧҲһƷϣûƷжĶܷȣȴ
ƷĹֶҲֻǼ򵥵ֱȭһ߳ɱ˾ǵֵס׷׵˳ȥ
Ʒٶʵ̫ˣһֱӺĸˣҪ˵ʱȴѾˣΪƷʱѾˡ
أ
أ
أ
Ʒ֣Ѹײڶ֮ƣֱӾͽЩɱʮѧͳͳ˳ȥ
ʱ̶ֳȵڳƷǰѾûκˡ
˶ˣʮѧȻʲô֣ҲأأеػѪڵĴڡ
ȻڳƷǰһж߲ȥҲûκ塣
ǽ༶ѧʮһѧҲˡ
Ǳ֪ĶҪһЩϾƷǻǵİ೤Ӣ
ǼˣҲûһ˶ۼ
֪һ£һ£
οƷܷӢҲûгƷͬһĻܶʮʮѧӵ𺳡
༶ѧǳɵˡ
׷ѯ
˭ôôͣǰû˵
ǰʲôʱôһˣ
̫ǿ˰ɣ
ǿƷһǱûУ𺳡
ƷذʮѧϿ˹ȥηɵǰ˵˵һ飬ǰ༶Ҳưոݵģ
ʱηҲˣǰòˣ֮ǰƺû˵ļһɲģԲʲô֮
ǰ༶ôˣ㻹ưոݣηĿȽһȭ
ηϵļⶼڶɲǼ䣬ųƣͺһͷħһֱӳųƷɱ˹
ͻɽ
һȭֱӱųƷŶٶȺǸղŵЩʮѧܱȵģǿ˺ü
ηܹΪʮѧ죬ûԭģӢҲ˿ڻħȭջҪϤһЩ
ڵѧҲ䣬Դսһ
ֻϧǳƷ
ƷʾֱһͻֱӺ
أ
˵ȭͷֱײһ𣬵ǽȴ˵Ԥ֮⡣
Ʒ˿ηȴǽ˺ü֮У˼Ϊ飬ղֻһȭȫ·硣
ֱ۶ľˣҵʹֱӴԺ֮У۵졣
ģҲǰ༶ƷЦһȻһɳֱ֮˫ȭηɵϡ
ղŶȭѾ˴ηɸӦͱֱӺˣ˲˳ȥݺˤ˵ϡ
ƷֻĿڵϺʹˣ˵ҹ
Щڵϵѧæ˲ϵʹæηɷҲƵܳˡ
һݻ£ױƷŵˡ


40 
ƷʮС༶ҲΧ۵༶ѧĿڴ˳ȥ
Ȼ⼴ְ֮ǰĽʱ̣˶û˼ȥעЩǳƷȵ𣬼֮ǰ˷ӢҲܶ·˳ͷҲ
Ȼ㲻ȫУķҲѾǸѧ֮еٮٮˡ
ܶʦ˵飬ò˼飬ΪԳƷӡǺ
Ǻܶ඼Ҫְ̺ܶ༶һ༶ѧҪôסõǼҪôǼ
ƷմģûʲôӡͻȻð˳˶עһ¡
Ψһǽ̹䣬Ϊʵ֮ǰע⵽˳ƷΪģѪڶûе
ֽȣһڣְ࿼˵ʱͻƵѪڵĸʶǺܴ
˭֪ȻͻƵڣͻƵٶ֮죬ҲһЩͷˣɾò˼顣
ÿְ֮ǰһЩ֮ǰûôŵѧһðͷƷͬ˻һٶȵðģټĺܡ
ҲֻһЩ֮󣬾ֻعƽˣܹҲֻʣ˼ʱ䣬˶ڷһȻ߿ʱ򣬻Ծŵʱ򣬵Ҳ̸Сˡ
ʣµ⼸죬ƷҲɴֱ˼٣ڼҿޣΪľͻƵ
ҪͻƵôףϾҪڵ֮лٳѶȷǳ
ң֮УƷһ֮ϣųĻҪһЩ
ѰزҪѣҲ˺õ̫ˣҲѶҲࡣ
һĳҲԳֱ۵ĸ򣬲֮ǰǰ㣬ֻǵеʵļѡ
һȷʵ㲻츳Ǹλãܹõǡ쳤ؾûʼѧܹǰʱĸЩڶƷѸͻƵľˡ
һιóӷˡ
ֱˣƷû۾ֱʵ
˸ոսֱֻܽ˵һЩȽϵͶ˵ıһЩսû̫ģ𶫷Ʋ̫Զˣ
Ʒ۾ɵЩЦ˵ȫҲһƺðɣڽ˵ЩرĴֵ㣬õģ
ЩݵȴŬ΢Цı飬ƷҲ΢΢ۡ
аģһҪƺõĲҪƺõĲҲҪǧǧпκãǵصصĸ󲡡
Ȼеʵļ䣬ܹĵҩҲһɳ죬ʦִվҪרȥˣҪһһ̤ʵأп
һѾ̫ңԶˣǰ޲ߣаգֻǲʱˡ

ͷ˵
أķű򿪣׳ĳɺĸܿɫҴҵ˽
Ʒ̧ͷһֻĸһŭģ׳ĳֻ΢΢Щεӡ
ˣˣĳЩεĿŭӣֻȴûһ˿һֻھζѡ
ôƾʲôǼƷҲֻʮѣǼҵһѧϰʽڿɺã̫̫һ仰ֱӸȫ˴ˣʲôòˣ
һ뵽ܿ
̫̫ô˵ģǼƷʲУʮҲ̫ĸı䣬ȸǼң쿼ѧͷˣٻͷշǣܵȵһ죿һܿ
Ƕأ⻰˵ģĳʾܿ˳ƷҲء
ڵܿҪĳʮھΣǵ˳Ʒȴʮֵƽ
ܿе̫̫ǳƷ̣̫̫ƫҲһˣϰˣǰѾľˣڣǲںˡ
ڼѧϰʽҲŹҿһ壬ڼĺӵһֱзֵߣֻǼƫԶ֧Ҳ֧֡
Ϊִᣬ˭һҪչҪ˲ţԳҶڳҵӵܣһֱз֣ӳϴѧΪֹ
ȻһƷûչֳ츳ģõֵĴͽܴ
һθһ꣬Ų·ʮѣţһξϰ
ǾͳƷ֪Գֿ֧ɲֻһˣǰˣүӣ̫̫˽ԼǼҽߵǮЩķ
κ˹ʶûʲôôûʽ֧֣ʱھͽ˦
û򣬳츳Ҳڸн׶Σͻ˱ѧʸ


41 Ľ
û£裬ʮôƷ˵
ڵȻʮǮˣ׬ǮȻеİ취׬Ǯ޷ǾҪһЩʱѡ
үӺ̫̫ƫģҲѾϰˣˣЩҲûãΪ˸ĸãû˭ǲ
αΪԼأ
ܿȴǲұʮһö嵤лῼư࣬ڶûˣҺ·һ£ȰѷӵѺȥȴ嵤һǹؼûư࣬Ҳʲôδһ궼תֻ࣬Ҫʵܸ϶ԣ
ȴԭĳɺܿҲѾǹˣ°ѷӵѺˣҲҪóƷδһܹ֮ƴһΡ
ã֣裬ǲõѺˣţ
Ʒæ˵
ҺѾˣ߿һԾţһҲֻһѡǰѷӵѺˣҲøЩҩЩǵǮ඼ϣϵ̫ˣȻҲư඼
ĳɿŶӣΣΪһˣԼ̫ʧˣûŹϺӣŮĲ޲ߣﲻ̫æ
֣ˣҪư࣬ͲǵѺӣѾ˻ѪˣƷæ˵
ǳĳɺܿţֻƷڰοһ
ʱһֱԱ߿ŵĳ濪ˣ֣裬ǶҪִˣûƭǣǿѾ
ʱ˲ŷ׷׽Ŀ䵽˳ƷϣƷҲϢʱ׾ͱ˿˳ƷѾڡ
ΪҲ磬һжİ
ʲôʱͻƵģĳھϲֻ֮ھθˣʲôʱͻƵûио׵ʵ̫ʧְˡ
ҲǸոͻƵģǷİɣҷǵҪư࣬һҪص࣡Ʒʮ˵Ҳе㱧Ǹûеһʱ佫Щ͸ĸ̹ס
ȵְ࿼˽֮ٸһϲģóֱ˵׬ǮҪԼҩиĸҪӵѺǮԼ
òȥˣ
̫ˣҵĶӣ̫̫һֱ˵û츳Դ˷ôʱưһԺ˭С㣡ܿԹʮ˵ļѾǼֲˡ
ЩҲôģ
Ҳʮ򣬶̫̫ߣʵ̫ƫˣ
һ¶ܿͻǺ̫̫ʵ̫ƫˣƫƫˣһֻЦһ²ؼ߸߹ӡ
ֺܿתˣҪӵѺӿư࣬һĴѧˡ
û뵽Ӿ͸һϲ
оԼüˣȻӺʹҵĳ컹ûа취ȣǺҵĺȣҲǲˣǸˡ
ôҲöˣ
ĳҲϲɫ
ЩΪŮĲòί˶ӣڿԼչҲܺãҲܵĶˡ
ˣ裬ûмİҲѾˣûбҪƷûο˵
ðɣߺߣǼмİΣҶҲ
ܿƢĿ죬ȥҲ죬ҲһСˣһ漰Ķӣ̲סΪԼֻΪƽ
ڼȻгϢҲоԺҲͺõĶˡ
԰裬ˣΪʮǮûҪ
æҲԱȰ
ĳҲûȰ֮ǰʵ̫ˣôȰûá
ַȰ⣬ܿͽܿȰˣȥȥˣҪƷúһ
ܿ죬ҲԼķ䣬ֻʣ˳ĳɳƷ
ɣĳɵ
ƷĶ档
Щ꣬ίˣ㻹ĳɾͣҺοĳɿųƷ˵
⻹һԼ˵˳
֣ûʲôίίģƷ
ͬĸ׵ֱƢĳⷽҪĬĶˣ֪ǰҲһΪһֱ̣ģ֪ʲôʱ򣬾Ѿϰˡ
Ǹ˵ЩƷ˵̸ʲôίίЩ꣬Ҳûǳ㳶ƽˣǰ¶ˣ
ĳ֪ӵ˼صĵ˵ͷ
εķְ࿼ˣԼ;ͺãԼ̫ѹ
İɣû⣬һҿ϶ư࣬Ҫص࣬ôҲøǶϳƷٺһЦ˵
Сӣ
һʱ䣬ﶼǸЦ


42 ͻƣ
Ʒķ֮ڣƷţɫ΢΢أϵתš쳤ؾûʼһһĳĵ
ԽԽӿ룬ĵһһıٳ⼸ڲͣĽ뵤֮УҪٳһ
ԿĻͿԿڣǸɢҫ۵ĹâֻǶһɽͼס˹â˭ҲС
ԭûеĵطҪٳһĹʮʹģǳƷѰҪǿĶˣ̾͸Եˡ
Ʒϲͣð亹ȻʹȴҶĻͻṦһ˿ҪѺܳʱ䣬һһͻơ
ȻƷûôʱˣ죬Ҫְ࿼ˣʱѾǳˡ
Ҳ֪ȥ˶ãһڳƷĵ֮ڳ͡
ԽԽӿУҲ𽥵ȹ
Ʒ֪⻹ûеԷɵʱ򣬹Ҳкܶڿ̮֮ӡ
ҪСģȻѾˣҲ˳ˣԭҲ𽥿ʼ֮л۶ȥ
ĵطҪҲǰǿˣ֮ǰҪ߾ȫܽȭͷϣڣ֮ÿһȭ档
ȭҲӣ
ˣɵĵ֮󣬻Խ֮ϵκһ䡣
ڽϣ˵ĵͻӣǰС˵дķ߱ڣһέɽƼˮȵԴá
Ҳ֪ȥ˶ãƷڳĺһһֱڣȫȶˣ߶Ҳûˡ
һҲͻȻ̮ˣʵϣ˵ҪĿľǼǿеĻô˼壬ʵǲϼӹһ̡
ܹ۷壬ôȹ̣пܽкС
ȹ̵ĻóȻкУȵӣֱֻӱ
ִۺϵǾ˵֤ģǲο˳ŴĻַʽǽִо
ŴȻԶԶʤִǾЩо͸˵ԶԶȲִģܶ඼ϰԵĻ֣ȥоΪʲô֪Ȼ֪Ȼ
ȻҲҳȷĻַʵ̫ˣִѧоĿ졣
ִÿһ߹зչ֮·ȵϳŴǧ꣬ûԭġ
ͻƽ֮󣬿صӦⲻˣƷ˵Ҫ̣ܾӷˣ
ڻʱ䣬Ҫץʱ䣬ͻƣ
ʱҴһתۣ͵֮ж˿ԵķΧ֮УΪֻʮУеĸжһ춨Ϊְ࿼˵ʱ䡣
ȻȲ߿ʱȫ£һΪ߿·ǿԵķΧҲΪŨˡ
Ʒһ緹õ˸ĸõף֮ͳѧУ֮ǰжѧ٣춼ҪڽĿ֮ϡ
˰༶Ȼԭٵĸߺ־Ӣ˼˶Ѿˣ֮ǰҲΪһ죬˶ˡ
ƷĿ⿴ˣȻʱûǵʵ˾޴׷Խ֮У˼ϢΪǿȻصĺܺãǻĿ⡣
֮⣬༶ͬѧȻҲˢˢǿһأԭϳ֮⣬Ҳֻԭͷﵽڡ
ǵٿʱ򣬾ȻԭֻڵͬѧһͻƵڡ
Ȼְ࿼һСԾţ˶߾ȫΪо޴Ʒ
Ľ̾˵ע⣬ʱѾ֮ǰСˣ˷Ӣʮηɣڰ༶֮ʢѾԭͷˡ
Ȼǿλõķ
˷ӢĿ֮⣬˼꿴ƷĿ֮ж˼ֺ棬ȻƷĽ֣׳֪
Ʒ˸ߺ־ߣһߺ־ͺݺһ³Ʒļ
СӣСа˵ˣѷӢݺݽѵһ٣ɵúãôˣװƣߺ־һĵӡ
ĽҲǹİһӦҲһصˣһ͸һ
ߺ־Ʒ֮д˼Ľһ˵ܹϵ˲Ǻܶ࣬һϣΪͻͽ
Ʒոûжãξͽˡ


43 Ŀ
ν֮ɨһۣ֪ѾˣҲ൱Ϊģ̶ֳȵֻѰˡ
ˣȻѾˣôҾˣ磬ҪƵĿݣ뿼Ŀư໹ư࣬ⷽ涼Ҫĳɼ˵ĿưȻͲ˵ˣһηְ࿼˻ֱӾͨ໹ص࣬ЩͬѧҪư࣬ҲǱҪеģǵĿص࣬ôĿƿԳɼҲôﵽϣ
ͬѧǶ˵ͷЩ֪ˣӺܾǰʼ˲ԣѾǰֻĿƵĲ̬ģʽǽ䲢ء
϶ֻѧϰĿƣûʲôӣ֫ͷԼ򵥵ҲΪӵġ
ǿƵĲ֣˽Ǿ֪ˣһο֮ļڣѧУʱ֮Уǵķְڣ
ˣȥ԰ɣ
ܿ죬˾͸ݲͬλİţͬĽҽпԡ
⿼ϵĿˣһֱΪֹġ
ǹʱѧû㹻֧ŵǸʱģڵѧ˵Ǻܼ򵥵飬ҲҪֳɼˡ
Ҫľģѧ׭ѧѧۿȵȡ
ԼΪ㷺ܹЩѧ϶۵ѧһȽȫȫˡ
һǰƷҪȫĿãеѣڱ񳹵׸һ壬ҲǾεŻ
Щݣǲڻ¡
һֱʱ֣ڽеĿͳͳˣȻɼûгƷԼһ£ܹõãõҲûʲôġ
ĿѾ޳ǰʱķֳֻɲϸ񣬺ϸã֡
ְ֪ˡ
֮Ʒţûһߺ־Ҳˡ
˾ȥʳó緹֮׼ˡ
֪֪ôģһ߳ԷƷһʵ
ѧУʳ̸ʲôóԣܹܱѡ
ʹˣĸְ࿼Ҳôģ϶ǽƼӦʵսֵԽã÷Խߣô÷ֵģҾͲ֪ˣ֪Ӧǲֻǿ˵ĹΣҪʵսߺ־ⷽϵĸࡣ
Ʒ˵ͷѹҪڷְ࿼֮ǰͻħȭˣȻԭġ
ʱܿ͹ˣѧȴһ磬ȴĿˣҲǾְ࿼ܷ񿼹
ѧһȻƵ۾
Ʒ۾ʱǰһڣĻѾռ֮УרΪ˿Բſ
ʵʲôʵܹʱԻϵҪ֮нʵʵͶӰȥҪǮģڿʱҪǮ
һ˳˳һԣָֻԭˡ
ʮиְ࿼׼ʼѧƷǷʼˣ
ǣ
Ʒֱӵ˵ͷʱǰͶһӰӰݣԴű뺷Ϣһߡ
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Ʒ˿£߿ڣʵֻ൱ѰѪڶѣҲǿûʸưĻߣѪڶﲻ϶ֻȥưˡ
ƷֻһȻͬһȭͬӵһĺֱӴ˶Էȭͷϡ
أ
һ޴ƺֱӱƷһȭֱۣˡ
ƷҲŹֱһȻһ˳ȥߵƷһߵĺݺ䵽˵ϣá
ѧƷʤǷһأ
ʱƷĶдһöʾ
ڶصĵˣѪڵߣͬʱ˳
˵һֻǿûдﵽư͵ĵߵĻôھǿ飬ǷﵽͨྫӢĳ̶ȡ
ܹѪڵߣѰͨľӢˡ
ȻѪڵߣɲڵĳƷĶ֣ɵľͽѪڵ߸ˡ
ܿͽ˵أسֵߣֱӾڡ
ƷҲǺɵľͽڵ߸ˣٶȷǳ֮죬⻯߼Ǻ޻֮ľͱƷˡ
Ʒ⾪˵ĴٶȻ˲ټ࿼ʦע⡣


44 ʦĿ
Ʒͨ˵ʱٶҲ˺ܶ࿼ʦע⡣
ͨصԣܹصϣѧǿ˵
ٶȿҲֻǳƷһ˻ĺˣǰѾʮֳˡ
ΨгƷͬȻеǶںܶʦ༶ʦ˵ǱȽİġ
ѧͨ˵ٶȺÿ찡
ѪڵߣڵҲô׵Ĵ˰ɣ
ǸʮһѧҺǵ˵½һѧ
ԭǽгƷҵһĿƻƣ֮ǰǺܳڣһǳһĿƻƳɼͻͽ
ɼгѧܶ࣬ܳزģȴټˣ
һصĺӣ
ڼĻ֮УƷĶѾˡ
Ķˣƾûô׶Ը˵ģȻֻߣһ˵Ļֻ»Ըˣ
ǰ涼㲻ʲôֻ֤ܽص࣬صҲŵȣǼɫʱ򣡡
쿴ˣ
ʱƷ֪ԼһһѾ˲ʦעˡ
ǰһڵߣʱ䲻ˣ⻹ǵһ߽֣вɵ棬ִƼ档
ߵĴڣûн־Ѹнֵľ顣
䣡
ڵֱӷģҲʲô飬ֻٶȻ֮ǰѪڵҪǿĶˡ
㲻е۷壬Ҳףܹܹصˡ
֮ǰԳƷЩвԴ֮ȫ۵ʵҲǱ
ʦżĻеĳƷҪδսߣսĹУôҲܴĦƷ似ˮƽӶҲܹƲܶĶ
ǳƷȴûԸȴڵߣƷֻԲͷͶһȻָȭֱһȭͬһ˳ǹֱͦͦĺ˳ȥֱӺڵߵؿڣ˲ͽ˳ȥ
ڵ߱ɳȥڰеʱ򣬳ƷһӾ˵ĽǶһɨ˹ȥ굶һɨߵϣ˲ͽߺһŹâʧˡ
ͷβֻжѣɾľͻڵߣûвʦҪּҵĴս
ھȻļޣðͷðе˰ɣ
òѾͻƵɣĻ̫ϲˣص඼ǾӢأ
Ƕע⵽ûУĶɾ䣬Ȼǲȱս飬ⲻľ飬ûʵʵսǲƵģ
ʦע⵽˳Ʒֵƣܹƣɻ͸ˡ
ѧƷʤǷһأ
Ʒͷ˵ǣ
һսԭеһҲʧˣ෴ģֻһѪڷڡ
ĹسֵڵߣǿٶȼˣֻǿѧǷнưصʸ
ܹĹصģ߱ʸʱľеľӢ
ܴȥĶоӢΪݣֻп˲пܴΪѧҪȥҲѶȡ
ƷѾְ࿼˵ĹɣԼͨһĲԣڵˮƽԵĻֳ
ʣҲ似ˮƽһжʵսеۺϱ֡
ʵս֮еıֹ֣ϵԺڰ༶Ļ֣ѧУԴб̶ȡ
ڵһͽƷΧסһֻ¶ҪţʱʵսĳƷ˿š
ѹʵڵʱȻֻһˣǴѹȴԶ߻Ҫǿ
ųƷִһأʱΧĻʦԽԽ࣬Ϊʱ󲿷ֵѧѾ̭ˣȻҲѾûˡ
ʱܹ񴳹صѧʵѾˡ
һȥˣҲһӢݣûʲôѶˣ
ҿеѶȣȷʵѾǻãֻڵĻֻǹȥˣ
ܿ似ˮƽ˰ɣ֮ǰƾǿʾֱӲˣ
ʱУڵߴ˲


45 
еʦ뿴Ʒ似ˮƽǻʧˣΪʱ򣬳ƷûչֳԼ似ˮƽ
ڵ߻¶ʵ
ߵĹͳͳڵߵĹǺεȵľˣɸ
˲һƷѾһ㣬ֻһȣȻըһһֱӺڵߵϡ
ֱӱ˳ȥصˤڵϣãһͻһ⣬ʧˡ
ϵͳжƹأѾˣ
ʱЩʦüͷ΢ΪǻûпҪĶ
ȴͳһóôһۡ
ѧʼֱõĲӣ˵ˣӦҲûôǿ
ֻƾܹߵһģټһЩ츳ˣ
⵹ˣʳʵȱȽǣǷ츳ټĺܣ
Ще˼ˣܹߵʲôزɣصѾûʲôˣ
ʱʮһİ༶֮ڣ󲿷ֵѧѾĶʧˡ
ʱƣʣµԽԽˡ
ҲֻʣЩѾȷ˴ﵽڵǼѧ
أһڵѧֱ۾۾
УһھѾˣ򲻹
ѧɵñԹһ£ȻһڣϾͿ˵Ԥһصλá
ǼȻѾߵһˣ˭һ
صҲֳŵȣҲи߸ϵٮٮߣҲܿܿڣӹµ֮
֮ѾڵѧҲ˳ǰͬһء
ϾֻͬһڵǻԶԸΪ߻Ҳֻǲ˱ȽƽӹݣеٮٮΪģ彨ġ
Ǽˣ⼸ոͻƵѧѾ߾ȫˣοһϡ
ʱ༶ڿ˵ģҲֻʣĸˣԭͷ֮⣬ƷҲϵļȥ
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΢΢˵ͷƷıȫ֮⣬õҪõöˡ
˵Ĺ֮󣬳Ʒ˳˵ˣصĶֻ֣һˣһһصߡ
Ʒ΢һЩһ
Ȼ˵ûǿǸزܹϣ㹻ͬʵƻҪǿĶˡ
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죡
죡
죡
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ͻģ
ߴһһȭֱӳųƷؿںȥħȭΪȻ¯ĵز統ޱȡ
ƿıŵ˼ޡ
ǻħȭ
Ʒţ෴ģֻǹЦһȻͬһȭͻӭǸߵһȭȥ
أ
ȭͷֱײһǾͲ֮ǰֹײʱƺײı
һȭò˵ߵΪԱ֮ǰڵҪǿĶˡ
һȭײ֮£ֱҲûб飬ˣжƷһȭ
ôȻһص߻Ҫǿ
ʦƷʵԱĻҪǿ
ȻѾѧӦΪѧˣ֮ǰȻ˿û˵
ڷҲ߿нһʱ䣬ż
Щʦ̾ʱ򣬼ĻϵĳƷֱӿʼ˷Ǹ߱ƷһȭˣƷҲ
ǸںòȶӣǳƷȻѾɱ˸ǰ
ͻɽ
Ʒһȭ˳ȥӦֻǿ赲ȴٶȱƷˡ
һʧȥʣµľ͸ûκζĿԡ
Ʒĸֱֹͬ籩һĺóƷûֹ߽֮ǰս歵ʱҲѹΪ
εĿ˵һѵõʵսĻᡣ
һ׻ħȭ߼Ǻ޻֮һжڳƷƿ֮С
ʦҲһ㣬ɵеЦãǼ࿼ôΣŵĺܵļŵҲǽ˵ʵսȥȴǵһΡ
ͻģ
Ʒһȣһȭߵϣߵ˳ȥڰлʧ


46 ȫĿ
ع󣬾ǵˣ
֮ǰһǴԭһһӼ
Ʒ֮ǰĶͬزӵÿһһصԱ֮ǰǿ࣬Ѿһص۷塣
ͬʱҲʾؾǱηְ࿼Ʋֵһأʵʱ򣬳ƷѾԤưصλãеľӢ
˵ĿѾˣ̲סһѪڵĸо
Ҳ֪ԼļȻһͨһأԳĵﶼûа취
ڣȴôſһս
һص߻Χֱչ˰ΧȻѶԸϻ֮
ӭͣ
һ˲ɱʹþͲǻħȭˣһΪɺƵƷ
ҲѧϰĻ似֮һͻħȭʮսʽͬɺƵĶƮݣ˿
Ʒ˿ֱһȭ˳ȥ
ͻģ
ž
һ˫ȭཻһ
ʹɺƵֱ߱ӺһƷ΢΢ζ
ȻԱ֮ǰֵǸͬΪһصҪǿĶˡ
ͬʱҲһһҵİ˹糱ֱӳųƷûˡ
ƷŲæֱʩչ˻ħȭȻЩͳͳ赲
Ǹ֮ǰƷ˵ʹɺƵҲٶȼΧ֮С
һʱ䣬ƷŰΧƿΪΣˡ

Ļ֮ǰһʦƴ
ħȭǽģڷԵıһһʱ򻹺ãȺսʱ򣬷ϵıͿܳΪ㣬ȴ辶Թأһصĵˮ©
ʦҲ˾ˣȭƷóҲ˿Ȿ˵ƷڻħȭϵоѾﵽһ൱ľˡ
Ҳ¯ľ磬һصΪ¯ླĻħȭȷʵǲˣ
ܿ죬ʦ˲ԣȻԽȭ֮ϣܹôȴἫĺķ
Ǹոմﵽôĵ߶ѣһ˵һصѧһսʵҲŲ˶ٴΣò˶ã͸úľˡ
ǳƷһ·֣ͬʱԹأԣͬʱ
һһӦѾĴǣǳƷȴһ˿һĲ֧ûУһԽսԽǿơ
һҪĶ࣬ҲͬҪ̫ˣѵõ츳
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ʱڽ֮Уʣ»ڿԵĸˣȻҲ˵Ŀ⡣
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Ȼ֪ӦöȽưص࣬Ȼǻ֮ġ
ĸУ˭ֶܼã˵ûܹͨˡ
Ҳһ˽ⶼûУҲ֪صģܹͨһصҲ࣬ǾӢ֮еľӢˡ
һֱ˵༶ͷϳƷҲĴͷЩͷ֮У˭ǿһЩأ
ЩһҲãͻȻ˶ˣȴȻǰ೤Ӣ
ӢɫΪѿȻԽǳ룬һϡ
ǵӢ۾֮ȴ֣ԼȻĸеһ̭ģе͸ˡ
ǿƷǲƣԱ̹ٻֱֻºֵĿܡ
Դʼע⵽ƷĴǸֳԱûһ£Ŀһ޵ġ
ûжãһ˳˿ˣ˲ǱˣǸߺ־ҲûͨһصĿˣǸѰһؾѾǼˣǼǿģͷܼˡ
ϾͻҲûܾã
ǲõģǿԱߵķӢԱҪ类ܣ˲ͺˣ
Ӣߺ־ԲεĳʱĸӶˣ޲úݺݲȵӵϡ
ߺ־һ·Ӣ漴ֽĿŵ˳Ʒ˼ϣ֮ƽʱеȫͬ顣
Ʒıȫȫ֮⣬û뵽Ʒܹߵһ
ֵҲǺܲһ
ȫĿȫ˽ʣϣѵǰһλȫû


47 ְ࿼˽
ʱĳƷ֪ԼڱȫĿţȫϣ
ǽ̹䣬͸ˣ
Ȼ˵һصͨʶܵͣưܹͨҲ࣬ȫûĻҲ൱ѿˡ
ʱһ۷ߵĿը˸ʹһѧȻûظģǶȼ幥ٶȻ֮ǰǸһصܱȵġ
ȻκһԼ԰ƽһͬΧɵеæˡ
һٲ׾ˣֱʩչ¯ླĻħȭŵסˡ
֪ںܶʦѾ൱ˣһܹסԷˣܡ
ͬ˵ȷʵʮ־ˣ
ǳƷȴֻûֻǵסˣôء
ڵԴԴͱѰҪĶˣʱȫ˳
£Ʒֱʩչ˳뻯Ļħȭʱ·ֱӻһͷħ졣
أ
أ
ȭֱӽ߸ˣȫļⶼһһȭֱӺ
ɽ֮
Ʒһȣһ߾ֱӱһȭУ˲䱻˳ȥȻ˲仯ʧ
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أ
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ǿʵѾﵽ˳뻯ĻħȭôʱĳƷһ˵ɱˣħɱħĳɱ
أ
أ
أ
ֲ߾ѾֱӱƷƵеķѹ·硣
ȻƷһȣɽ֮
ȫ˲䵽˷޷ߵϡ
أ
һƺߣ屻ֱӺһâʧ˿֮ϡ
ʱֹͣĳƷϵſĹ⣬ԶԶѰһصߡ
ʱڼĻϵʦеĲŸոշӦģΪƷӱɱߣҲǶ̶ʮϢʱѣ֮ǰĲµľ棬˲ͱŤתˣдˡ
һĻʦҲֻ૵Ӳ
߻ͨ˿˵Ʒ۾Ŀ֮˶۾
׼ȷ˵ǶԲԶ˼ꡣ
ʱ˵Ŀ˶ѾˣʣµҲֻ˼ˡ
ʱԶ˹˵ôһô
˵ĿⶼеĿųƷƷҲ󷽷˵ˣ
һ³ɼҲͳˡ

ֻ³֣Цԡ

ߺ־һĴָҲ߽֣֪жѶԸԸһѣ˵ˣͨˡ
ԶӢϵı𺡣
˵Ŀⶼһ˼ꡣ
ڳƷ˳ûжã˼Ҳӿ˵״̬֮˳
ϵģһֱߺ־Ӣͷ˼Ȼͨ˿ˣһڸߺ־Ӣ֮ϣƷС
Ʒ˫ȭ΢΢գְ࿼ˣȻûйɼưصҲӹˡ
һŬûа׷ѣ
Ȼȴ֪˵ֻǸոտʼѣ֮·ո߳һѡ


48 ӥ
˶˽֮󣬺ܿ죬˵ĳɼѾˣִľٶȷǳ졣
ƷҲܿ͵õĿ˳ɼһֽʵĳɼдţĿƳɼ㣬Ƴɼ֡
ѾյԶŵ֮󣬹ưصֻ࣬ʮеصһص࣬ͻҪѧУĻˡ
Ҳְֻѣһεְ࿼ˣĻ
ոԵʵֳֶĿưưࡣ
дֻ֮һư࣬ʣµ֮Ŀư࣬ǴĿưûϣˣ෴ĿƳ󹦳͵ҲǱȱȽǡ
䲢أǴֻ߲гͷصĻᣬеĴѧߵĶҲ˾ĴڣĹҲЩǿҪ١
˵ֻ䲢أѧͬչܹӽķչ
˳Ʒ֮⣬ʮһ࣬а˸˿ưص࣬ɼ㱬ըҲֻ֮Ѱѡ
ߺ־˼껹зӢԭͷȻɵĿư࣬ǳɼ֮󣬾ͷżˣһλļڣѧУҲʱúðѧְ顣
Ʒ˼ʱֻóԼķֱ˵ĸϰ໹ûл
Ʒ˵ӣһ֮УȫĵͶ뵽֮УѾܾúܾöûˡ
ʱĵѾû˴ĻǴӻ֮Ͷ3DͶӰ侳ĸо֮ǰ֪Ҫǿ϶١
ոմ򿪣Ƶ
ʱһͷ޴ޱȵݸͶӰ֮УȻֻͶӰСҲһ߶ѣϢȴܹ͸Ļ֮
ӥ
ƷϳͶӰ֮еݣѧǵԭޣһַǳǿݡ
ӥһȴӥҪĶˣչᳬʮףͨ帲һһëǰ˾޴в
ǰԶԶȹ̣ؽ֮սˣеռݵֳضûбסڵɳĵҲ޳ϲʳ
Щ֮Уӥ˵ӵ޷ӥë㵱ʱΪȽսĵˣս˵شһͷӥˡ
ʱѾޱȵΣգһͷӥĴ֮£޲͹һеķߡ
磬һͷӥͻȻϷϵĸ߿գҶеפӻˣǲɷһµʱʻ׻һͷӥĵʮдӵĹٱǣ
ͶӰУ˿˵
ǰĿֻЩ۸߰սѾգװҲ͸»˻ס
ǰҪս˵ܱ˵ӥһдӵĹٱʻ׾Ϳ𣬿ɼʱ֮Уʵ˺εȵز
ʱű򿪳γˡ
磬쿼ͨûУдżڴ˵
Ȼˣʲôˣ
˵ųƷɼݸ˳棬˵
̫ˣҾ˵ģһͨģЦ˵
ʵƷֳڵΪʱѾûжˣֻһ첻ɼվûôĵġ
ʱű򿪣Ӱ˽Ǹ׳ĳɺĸܿ
裬ǻСԴ˷ܵ˵
ʲôôˣĳɲɵÿ˵
裬ĿͨˣĿƳɼ㣬Ƴɼֱ֣ӿưصæ˵
ҿҿܿæùɼһһߣ·𿴸ûһ
Ҿ˵Ҷеģ
ܿϲɫųɼϷ֡
ԱߣĳҲϲúͽɫֻǸףûΪĸ׵ֵܿôֱӡ
ҿүӣ̫̫ʲô˵ģǲϲҶҲܹư࣬صָ࣡ܿˣֽ
ˣ׼һ£һǶҪȥμˣһ·ɣʱĳɿ˵
ߣһõģܿǲμΪᣬʵɩ޵ķ֡
ڳƷгϢȻҲư࣬ص࣬ȻҲͺöˣҲҪ˶ԼӲŲǷ
ƷҲط䣬һ·Ҳûر¡أֻǽϵ˳ϰɫTţп㣬һ˫Ьȫһкģ
ֻճԶٷѣʲôֵôСֵġ


49 ˭˭԰
Ʒһһ·֮󣬾ֱӳˡ
裬ҪȥĶԷС˷ܵĿ˵
ΪȽŲ㣬ŵĴҲǺܶ࣬ǺȫһţǾ͸ˡ
ҪȥζԷѾǱ߶һϯĳ˵
Ǵֱʣζ˵һٷ˵ҲǮôǮ͸ûǼҵǮǷǼҼʮһҲû˵Ҫܿɵòˬ˵
ˣ߰ɣ
ζĵλãΪĵشȻԷһٶǼ۸񲻷ƣϢ
˳ɳһߵζǰĹ㳡ϡ
ζȻִĲϽɵģȴһֹɫĸоһСԺһ
磬ɩ
أƷһӸովȣԶɾʹ˴к
Ʒ̧ͷȥȴһԷ޴һģӴ˹
һԷҲǿԼĪʮģǸü֮ĳмƣǸŮ毺ãֻϴżֵɫ˿첽
˵꣬ƷòҲмƣֻǴżֲԸı顣
һӲǱˣǳƷ˼ա
ˣǱˣõܣƷɡ
壬ã
Ʒͳͬʺ˵

Ʒʺ˵
Ʒ氡һʱû˰ɣֳˣЦЦ˵
ɲǣƷɫ˺ܶ࣬Ӧúö˰ɣɲҪǼƷɣҲֻһưص࣡˼Ϊź˵ǵ⣬źӡ
죬ƷƷֵܣͬһģֻ·в
ƷһҲѾֲˣǳƷ֪˼վǺ԰ڡ
ǰǼƷҲǲⲻҲǿһưص࣬ɲǲ
̻ܿص
ʲôôܣ˼վæס죬ε˵ɩҲǸ˼ǼƷưص࣬һ׶ûа
ܿĻ˼վò˼飬ͳƷҲò˼飬ǶƷȷʵûʲô츳ôܺ׵ͻȻͱˣȻưء
׾£ǾһֱҪ̫ߵҪ̫ߵ˾֪ʲôưͿˣܿһ˵
ֻޱȵʹ죬˼ղڴҵĳҴڸУԼˢڸУͲˬܾˣֻһֱûһػѡ
˼պͳȻò˼飬ȴҲܿ˵ѣһҲöɩˣҲ̫ױˣûư࣬仹صֲ࣬رص¶һ֪ˡ
ǵĿⶼ˳ƷǳƷֻһкĴ磬һ㶼ܿưصͰ
ѵǲ׾ˣ
ʱǶ۶е㱻߸ˣ˼գʱеĸоղŶŵжԱ˵ˣԼҲ֪ģڲŻеĸо
أһԭҲ˵ĳƷȴͻȻһǰȻһִֻ˳Ʒļ
ȴƷҲʲô΢΢һƷɴ˳Ʒϵ־̻
˶һĻ˳֮⣬ǶΪģмһ֣֪ûС
Ʒղɵһ֣֪ƷһΪ٣˳Ʒһͷ
Ʒ֮Ҳ־飬ղȻֻǼ򵥵Ĵ֣ٶȻﵽ¯ĵزǰ֮еǸ磬ӦǶ㲻ǡ
ʱˣƷ»ǿưص㣬ʱͶԳƷĿ࿴ˡ
ˣǻĥߴأɩ͵ˣаǶõȼˣ߰ɣȥɣ
ʱ򣬳ĳɲɫǰ˵ʱŸһ̨ס
ԣԣԣɩ͸õȼˣæ˵
ȥɣ˼Ҳæ˵
˽ζӳһװ޵ĹӵŵĴ֮Уʮ
ڴľͷתͨ¥һ¥֮⣬¥¥֮϶ǰᡣ
Ȼûаᣬζ˼࣬ҪһѾˣҪǰһԤŻд
˸ոսûжõʱ䣬ʱһк
ĳɣߣ
Ŀת˹ȥȴһŴϣѾĸڵȴˣһݺͳĳɣмƵӣڻ֡


50 ˵ľ
ƷһǸкˣǱˣĴ󲮳Ķ
ڳֵ֮У󲮷չãһŵȻٲܴ󣬵ҲСˣԼԼżֹ
ڳĶߵǸŮӣмֹ󸾵ʣĴĸϱ
ϵһһŮߺүү̿ġ
ȻүүֻʮӣǲΪΪѣʵ˶Ѿ˾ʮˡ
æУ
϶ô
Ŀ˵
裬ⲻǶҪϰô°໻·ĳæ˵ɨһˣʵôûп죿
ⲻǸոְͨ࿼ˣưص࣬ͬѧȥףȥˣԾͲˣӶлҲ۵ģ̫̫˶ٻش˵
жۣڽͨô㣬ӶлҪСʱ˼ղɵ˵
ǰ˶أ
ܿɵ˵
ƷͳƷҲû뵽ǱԼ˵ûˡ
ҲǲֻҲ֪ȻѧʦԸⱣѧҲͬѧúͬѧùϵϾǿưصأʱĸϱɵÿ˵
ǣô£һ֧ȫǳأ
̫̫һᵽ죬ɵʮ⡣
裬ɲƫģǼƷҲưصˣ˼̲ʾ˵
ư࣬Ʒܺص𣿶϶ҵƷأûưࣿ
̫̫һתֱת˳Ʒ
Ʒֻǵ˵ˣ
̫̫˵ͷ˵˾ͺãÿ˶ܿصģ
ʱһԿȥܿҪڣȴԵĳĳɲ֪ʲôʱȴ˵裬ǼƷҲصˣ
ܿҲĿϹƽʱŮ˼棬ǻġ
ʲôҲˣ̫̫ɵ΢΢𾪣Ȼлƫ죬ǲ֪ӵ
гƷû츳Ǹư඼Ǿϲˣôܿصࡣ
ûǼƷոտصأܿ˵˵𾪡
ˣص࣬Ǻ£һ֧ԺҪǼˣʱүӳɵÿ˵ûҲҪ͵һμˣĶϲ˰ɣ
󲮳Ķæ˷ԱȻүӵȨǺصġ
ش󲮳ĶվȻ󿪿˵֣Ǳи쵼ҹȥһ£
ȥɣүӵ˵ͷ˵
ĶľٶҲ˵ע⣬ĶߵһӵǰżڣҲ֣ղųĶ˵ˣһ쵼Ȼ֪Ǹ쵼ĸŵ쵼
ȻҲͷģڵĳĶҲɫȻĺܡ
ҪĶѧѧƽʱ˾ùϵǵ·Żߵ˳һЩܸǵľЩˣʣµ鶼ҪԼˣ
˵
˵һĶڻˡ
˵ĿҪջʱһȺǰӵĽΪ׵һģӣло֮硣
ղŻһȻ쵼æӭȥϴżڣղųĶһ޶
жɵòһֺĸо˾ʲôˣ
ΨгƷ΢΢ݣΪϳǸ˵ݣǱˣ歵ĸ
ԭΪ歵ĸֻһѰ˰ˡ
ϾȻǮͷ̶ֳȵǮ̫ˣû뵽󲮶Ҫͽ쵼ȴҪֺ
Ʒ̾ˣԼС
Ӧ˼ǸԱҪ뿪أ۹ƳһŴϵһӰ죬һǸȴǳƷ˭ء
ɵͣ˽Ų˳Ʒ
󲽳ųһ߹ֻǳҵ˶ûʲôӦΪ·ѣû뵽ȴһǰͣ
ԵĿ꣬ǱˣǳƷ
Ȼ㰡ղŲ©ˣôԷף㿼ưص
ʵ
ΪȻĳƷѾΪѰĸпصû⡣
˵Ŀⶼ˳Ʒ˼ѾˣƷʲôʱʶôһôһ
ܡƷվҪ˵ͱˡ
֮ǰǺ˵ôҺʦô죬ͿˣܾͼˣЦ˵
Ǻðɣ壬ҵļˣǸøƷҲ飬ֱ˵
ԭɣ֮ǰ正һܹ˳ϾһеصҲǶ㣬һҪôлأµĲҵǸ㿪һᣬǵĻѶҵϣǸлˣΣ˵
ζİ᣿ѶģʱƷɲһֳʶĸо
ζĴھǴҪһ֪Ǵ󲮳Ķķ˶ٹϵʱŶġ
˵ǰˣ˵ǿ͸ǿˡ
˿ƷĿҲֻ࣬ܿͳĳɣھȵͬʱҲɡ
಻˼Ʒ˵
˵㲻ʲôͱƴˣ˵ƷΪûʲôܣо͸ȷ˵жϡ
ƷȻܹڶ̶ʱڴӽͻƵȻǼ֮ǰ;
ȻҲǰ£Ͼ֮ǰƷͻƣѾ֧ˡ
ڲǾ֮ͣ£ƷݶѣֶΪء
ǺðɣҾʹȫҸлˣ
Ʒ˵
ЦЦ˵ˣˣи֣ǳԵĿһ㣡
˵ֱˣѹûнҵ˷ϣٲȻһʶǵӡ
ʱҲȷʵûύļֵ
ߺȫ˵Ŀⶼ䵽˳Ʒϣƽ￴һԵˣȻʶĴ
ˣ֮ǰϿƬϼŵܣǾУǶǰʮĸأƷһĴ˵
ʱƷҲŷӦұĻǮĶˣԭΪֻѰĸء
Ʒôʶܵģһ£Ȼ󿪿˵
ڴ򹤵ʱʶģƷĽ˵
˶һƭӰɣǳƷȴûжʲô֪ͣҪ֪ʲôȷʵûжٽ顣
ܲµõ֮ԻĿ࿴ٻһ£˼Ͽڽ̹ϣʵ˸ûжٽ顣
ôʣֻҧˣûʲôϵֻڴ򹤵ʱʶĶѡ


51 ʦЭ
ûпɩǵӣ
ƷС֮УƷһС֮Уܿüɫ˵
ûһоôüھ㷹ˣҲؼˣ˷ܾеû
ˣ˵һˣ
ĳɲɵÿ˵ü֮ҲǸ˵ģƷгϢ˭ˡ
ӸԼˣӸ˵ǣûΪԼ֮ǰĺԵ˶ӵǰ;ӱֵıԼĻҪá
裬ĸģԺһҪѧʱǸû˵
Ʒ΢΢һЦ˵
õĵ綯ǰС
Ÿһܿϵģ
СԴ˵
ƷĳСԴȴǣڲǸոտ˵һѣҪѧҪͷأҪκõĲ
ϵķ֣Դ֮󣬼˶̬ԸĹˣǿ󲮵쵼˶ҪͽﰡƫƫȴǺɫġ
ϵĿưص࣬˵˼صɫʡ
ڷϣĸҲãСҲãɫѯʲôϵ
Ȼ볶ĻƤҲɵֻǺǵ˵Ǵ򹤵ʱʶģһŲ˵
ⷴ˵ãôֻʶء
үӣ̫̫̬Ⱥ˺ܶ࣬ðԸ˺ܶ࣬νҲϰˣҲûʲô뷨ˡ
ǰԻǺܸ˵ģ
ܿ죬һ˻ص˼ϴһ֮󣬸Իص˸Եķ֮УƷ˱Яʽĵԣʼ
ִᣬ·ֳ֣һƹʱ磬ֻǲӣҳƳ֣3DͶӰķʽֱͶӰǰ
һ㴦񣬹ۿƵ罻ȶģʽ
һ־磬侳
ҪһϰʦĿˣ֮ǰʦѧͽϽУϰʦҪ浶ǹʵɡ
ϾȻǼϰģҲѾܹʦˡ
ڵʼ֮еĳŴ֮УϰʦҲʽˣʦѧͽӣֻܸʽʦ֣ɲɲҩ¯֮ġ
Ҫǰģ⻹Ҫӻһ򣬾Ϳ̡
֮ǰæڷְ࿼˵飬ûʱ䱨ڳŻһʱϽ
֮󣬳Ʒ͹˵ԣʼϢ
ʱ䣬ϰʦ˲ŻῪʼʱ䣬ȥʦЭᣬ鿴һЩϡ
Ȼеʵļ䣬ʦķչȴ֪Ĳġ
ǼϰʦˣֵܶҩĵҪǰȥȷϣΪԺ֪ƷδؾͺʦЭµı׼һġ
ڳŴʱ൤ҩкܶƷֻһζҩķ˱仯ҩЧƹܾ̿кܴĲ
ִǶ嵤ʵͷ˺ܶƵķеĶ嵤Ϊ˱׼ƵģʽԭҲûбģΪֵƳĶ嵤Լ۱ߡ
ҲִʱҵƵҩҪ󣬵ȻһЩǮҲԹӶרŵʦΪһЩ۸񰺹󣬵ҩЧõĶ嵤˵ǳƷ֮ǰõָĶ嵤֡
еʵļ䣬ֻҪ֪ʦЭ涨ȷĵҪѧѶȣһеַ̺ǻĶѾں˵ʵļ䣬ĳƷ˵ʵڲѶȡ
֮⣬˽һһķչεʲôز
ЩϿԲõЩֻʦЭͼ֮УſԲѯĵ
ʦЭǱҪȥһˡ
ڶһ磬Ʒ͸˼ˣǰĵʦЭᡣ
һʦЭʱȣƺҲûκα仯ǳˮɽ˺ͷܶ
Ȼһ磬кܶίУ߹ҩͬʱҲһǳֵ뵤ҩصг
ʦЭͼݲ⿪ţҲʦѧͽܹʦЭͼ֮УˣҲҪշѵģһСʱһٿǮ
ڶڵĳƷ˵շȷʵʲô
ִе·ƣǴҪ
ȻѾǿƼᣬʦЭͼݣȴɹɫģһϷŵģֽƳɵģǧ궼ḯ鼮
ھĵطģͼݣɼʦЭĲ֮ۺ
Ʒͼ֮У㿪ʼԼҪҵϣ鿴


52 ƾʲô˵Ȿд
ƷȲ鿴ģǹڼϰʦῼ˵ĵϣⷽϻͦġ
ϰʦǰһ졷οϼϰʦϰʦ֮Ҽ
ο̫ˣƷ˼ϾͶѾ֪һο˴ŵĵҩ˵ķΧб׼ЩοҲС
Щʲôܣ׼ĵһЩȽϸߵģǹģᣬһֱҪйҵȻûа취ҵƷһǾı׼ƹ㣬ƵҩЧʺǰ֪Ҫ϶٣Ψˣ֧һʱ
ǸҾܵģһЩȽĵȽټĵЩʦϣţϡ
鿴ЩƷͿʼ鿴һЩϣڹڵͼݣһЩȽϻ֮⣬̫ʲô̫ϣĶԵĶ
νԵϣֿʵʲôؼԵĶû˵ϡ
ڳƷҪ鿴ģЩԵϣͨЩԵϣžжϳڵˮƽѾﵽʲôĳ̶ˡ
Ʒһһ鿴ЩǱȽϻϻ߶ƫһЩ۵ϣҪշѡ
һЩʵԵϣҪ۱շˡ
ŴϵβҩԵ̽뷢֡ۡ
Ʒһһ鿴ٶȺܿ죬һĿʮУΪ̳˵ʵļ䣬ϢϤͬҲΪĴԵõ˿һĿʮУ⵽
ʱĴԾһһܹһ˲䴦ָϢνʣʵ¾ˣϵܹӭж⣬һĿЩܺ͡
ʱѾһƵ״̬Ҫ˽ִϵ
Խ˽Ķ࣬ԽǷִ֣ϵȷʵй֮ڳŴ֮УϵҪΪλǳǰţпڶ̶̵ʱ޴ĸĸ
ִϵȻ糬ŴôʢȴԼȫоٶȾ͸ǳŴܱȵġ
֮еĵʣȻţһϿ˸񣬵һ֮ʤ˰ˣǧˣˣʤȫֱ֮ӴʦǱ¸оԱϰˣΧٹһ㣬ҩҩҲϣ˵Ҳš
оʲôҲܿͻΪŴԱܶ࣬ÿоʲôᵱҲ֮أӵ³ŴҵԶִѸ͡
һ߿һҲܹкܶ඼Ϊ˵оڸո𲽵Ľ׶Σܶ飬ǴһϵоֻϵĲѡ
ķڳƷ˵߹·ȻܺɵľͿеڡ
дһνȻвʮĴ󣬻Ҳ֪֮ܶĶҲֻ˵Ʋѣôӵܣ
Ʒһ߿һժеĴظоһصıϢ
̧ͷһȴһŮԼŭĿӡ
һԼĪʮģŮոķ룬ݾ£һͷ糤Tϣȿֱ֮޳ĴȣԵñͬ˿ҪԸϲ١
Ůһ˫ˮһĴĶס˳ƷǰһΪɰıϢԽĴ
˭ƷһȻŮȷʵܿɰôĶŻоΪʡ
˵Ȿ󣿻вʮ󣿡Ůа׵ָָųƷ˵
ⱾʲôֵôƷɵе˵
ܣƾʲô˵Ȿд󣡡Ů˵㲻˵һӳîҪÿӡ
Ʒһҳһдţϵ̸߰׺ꡣ
ûӡ
ðɣʵڳƷϵڵˣʵҲֻԵ֪΢һЩˣ˾˽ˡ
ҲɵӣָŰ׺˵˼ѵ׺꣬ʲôϵô
ĳ߲ôղŲǺ˵ôôˣ㲻˵Ȿʮ˵


53 ķӦʽ
ǸŮа׵ָָųƷڵ˵
ô˲񣬲ȫ֪ȫܣʲôֵģƷȻ˵
Ůһ۳Ʒʱ򣬹ŵƣһĵ˵㲻ֻһ߼ʦѧͽҲʸ˵Ȿдˣ
ǳƷʱ򣬷ƣ˼Ҳ֤ݣϾͼҲֻʦš
ƷŮô˵ſ˵ϣԾǶԣǴⱾдûдļûйϵɣ
Ǻð˵дˣ㵹˵Ů˵
Щܶ඼ԣ˵ʱķӦʽƲ⣬󣬲֪ǴĸżеõķӦʽһЩûǼĵķӦдӦǱȽĳһ֣ĳֵҩɷӦƲģʵŵĵҩϣƲȫˣܹ뵽һȷʵҲˣƷֱָ鼮ϼصķӦʽ˵
ʵʲôҩʲôҩܹʲôЧһɵģ̽ĳڻڵΪʢĳŴҲˣɡ
һֱڣмΪΪˣŻῪʼ̽еĹɣνķӦʽ
ҲǳƷ̾ĵطŴչʶӦʽ飬ִ಻ڵϷչٶѾ漰ķӦʽ⡣
ȻҲųǸպھ˳ŴһЩ϶Ʋ⣬̽ٶ֮죬Ҳ˾̾ˡ
ŮһЩˣƷ˵ĵҲǺߵģڷӦʽ飬ҲֻǸո˵ѡ
ڷӦʽ⣬ǸΪ֪֮ʦҲֻǸո漰ҲֻǸߣֻƬצһЩ
ڵʱֻЦ˵Щ˵̫ԶˣСͱֳ˾˵츳ŮҲ̫Զˡ
ŮаǸƷˣҲ벻ֵİ׺Ǹڡ
֪Ʒ룬϶ֱţڿɲʲô֮֮ǿĴʦ֮һͳҲ
ʦȦӻģſʼͻڵ֣׹˭Ľ
ǰһȻһںӣ˵Լ׫дġ̸󣬶һʮֱǿ벻̣
һʼƷ;ѧϰٶ̫ˣԶԶž㷭һ
ɶǣһ㷭֮󣬾ȻԼڣ̲סǰۡ
ǳƷЩȴѾ֪ʶΧˣΪ츳ŮֻʮѣѾ˸߼ʦѧͽִգȻӦʽĻѾ׳
֮ǰڵһЩֻЩĶ֪
һص˾УΪ˿˼ϰʦһܹϣֽһµļ¼һЩϣû뵽ôһ̥
Щ鲻֤ܵ˵ԣдⱾ˻ˮƽģֻЩԳĿǰķΧ
Ʒ˵
˵꣬Ʒֱ뿪ˣҲ๻ˣ㹻ˮƽһȽ˽ˡ
ˮƽʵչˮƽкܴĹϵˮƽķչչģչʵֱӴ̼˵ˮƽĿԽʽ
ֻܿųƷ뿪ȴֹΪҲжϳƷ˵ĵ׶Իǲԡ
ڳƷ뿪֮󣬰æϵԼڡ
ϵıЯʽϣͶӰһӰͦΣͷ׷ȴϣмָģ
ӲǱˣǰڣҲΪĴʦ֮һ׺ꡣ
Ѿͷôʱпϵˣǲʲôģ׺꺬Ц˵
˶٣Ȼ˵ڣôһˡ
ղŷһֲת˰׺꣬һʼ׺ɫǱȽɵģûн˵ϡ
ʱƣŰᵽ˷Ӧʽ飬ǳƷھָдķӦʽ󣬶ʱ鶼ˡ
ΪֻԼдķӦʽĲ²ȷʵܴ⣬Ҳ֮ǰõһż֪Ӧʽ飬ֻǱżȱˣҲֻõ˲ȱĹʽ
ȷʵԼԼоĲ֣Ʒſڿӡ


54 һ
׺˳˼֮УʵϣῪʼоӦʽʵҲûǶ֮˽⵽൱زĳ̶֮󣬲пȥӴġ
ʵϳ˵߸֮⣬ĴʦҲôҲʼоӦʽˡ
ƷӦǼ֮ĳһͽͽֻп֪Ӧʽ顣
ڳƷԼо׺ǸŵģͰǶء
ԼŮѾˣҲŸոտ߼ʦѧͽˡ
ղŮ˵ԷʮģȻҲһ߼ʦѧͽ͵ҲǸոտϳʦѧͽѡ
ȷԼжϣ϶ĸʦĵӡ
Щʦʶ˵ǵĵӣôȻͲܶʶˡ
ָܹҵĴɾͲһܹõˣ׺갵⡣
ǳƷʮȴһ׫дһˣⱾʲôӣҲ׫дʱȷʵʮطĵط
ӦʽĲ룬ҲȷʵδȫȷдһֺȻǲеģױִԵûôҪˣܶ඼ǶһЩδ漰Ĳ롣
Ҳֻǲ´˶ѣ
ǾһĴʦҲô򵥵ľͽеһĲֵӣǲ²⣬ǷѾȷĴ֮Żȷ˵
ѾͷҪ´˵дⱾ̸Ĵ󾿾Щ׺˵ȻҲÿдǾͲôˣŷ̫󣬿ջȻԺƴɾͲÿˡ
ȻǳƷеļʶ϶Ǹʦеļʶ
ã
˵ͷҲû뵽ھȻô˵ô˵Ǹһ˵ľȻĶԵġ
ôܣ
Ǹһ￴ԼҲʹ꣬ҲǺԼһĸ߼ʦѧͽô֪һЩԼ֪֪ʶء
Ҫ֪ȻԼֻǸ߼ʦѧͽΪߣڵָ㣬Ѱʽʦδʶ㡣
ƵͬʱҲɵ΢΢Щ档
뿪ͼݵĳƷ֪ԼѾ˰ĺģ˵ⲻֻͼݵһˡ
صеĳƷΪ
һҹ޻ڶһ磬Ʒ˾еʦЭᣬһʦЭԱƽʱֵĶˣʦѧͽر࣬Ҫμӿˡ
Ϊ˽ĿˣʦЭרſһ¥רõĴ¥
Ʒ˱ĵطǩ˵ƺͿ֪֮ͨͽ˿ԵĴ¥ȴ
Ҫʮſʼῼ硣
ʱ֮Уһǰ˵ʦ
ƷŸո߽ȥʱ˲˵ע⡣
Ϊ̫ˣμӿ˵ʦձ鶼ǶʮģʮҲǱȱȽǡ
ִᣬӳڹʱϸѴ˵Ӧ120ңǸֻмл120꣬ʱ120ֻǰЩƽǿ߻һ꣬궼ϡˡ
Щ˿ʮģ˵ѾʮˣǳĳɺͺܿŲʮͷӣʵѾʮˡ
ִУһʮ껹꣬߰ʮ궼ֻ꣬ʮŲꡣ
ʦҪʦȻҪʱ䷴ϰҲΪˣձʵͶڶʮʮļϰʦ˵Ŀ֮УͻȻ˳Ʒôһ۵ʦ۵ĺܡ
˭ôһ㶼ûм
֪۰òǸɣ
̫ܰɣǴѧҵôЩ˲ϰʦأ
ƷΧһͳƷȫȣԾϤˡ
ȻƷ۵ģƷ֮󣬾ڿԵȺһǣһԼĪʮŮȻеĵȴ˵ʦѧͽ֮С
˵Ʒֻе۵ĻôŮĴڣеˡ
Ͳʮ꣬ȻѾǸ߼ʦѧͽˣһҪμӿˣһǾǼϰʦˣȻżϰǰ׺ǺôҲѾʦѧͽˡ
ʮʱڸʲôأ
ѧͽ㲻ϰɣǸʱǲŸոսӴܶ໹ѧУѧһЩۡ
Ȼ󻹾ʮѧͽģʽʦѧϰôòڿԳʦˡ
Ȼ֪һţܺһ˷һȽϣȻһ˱˵ĸо


55 ķӦʽ
ǸŮȴǰ˭ء
ǵ˵ƷֻǿܽܵĻô֣ʹһˡ
һţ
ȻǲԳģ
ƷʱҲ΢΢ԾԽ˽һԽףҪٵʱȥϰпɡ
ССͣȻѾѧͽĻۣ׶οɲֻǸʽʦ֣ͬʱҲԼ۵һ˵л۵ԽպߵľԽԶ
Ȼûа취֮еĵȣѳһţ˵Ҳܾˡ
Ķ߶Ƕ԰۷׷ס
Ҳ̫˰ɣһҸղź񿴵һѾܿˣʲô
˱˰Ǹ߼ʦѧͽ֤٣ҶҪΪ׵أ
ԽԽˣ֮ǰһо˵ִ˱ǰʱĶ࣬ɲֻʣǰһط˲Ŷ˵ɽˮ㣬ʮ㣬򶼳ҹҹֻ棬ŵĵԶԶǰĹʱ
Ⱥ֮У˵ۣһ鵭ȻģȺ֮з˳ƷӰ֮󣬶ʱǰһæ첽ߵ˳Ʒǰ
ô㰡
Ʒüͷ˵
ʱɫһҲûôɣŤͷߣһ뵽ڵĽҲֻǿס죬˵
лҪ㣬Ǳ˵ʮʮ
ƷüͷĸˣԭΪ飬Ҳɵиȷˣ϶Ǹ׺ĳֹϵȻô
ȻʣȻҲǾ˵ķӦʽȥѯʹʹⱾˡ
и߼ʦѧͽĳ̶ȣɲֻʳھܹõģȻһȻпֵܹϣ¯СС;ӵܹϼϰʦĳ̶ȡ
ʦһǰֻͶٻرְҵ𿴺ڸɵйıȱȽǣȻǰڻĲҲǺġ
ִỹãʽʦһĲŴ֮Уûм壬ûŵĻĺܲҡ
ô˵ôƷ˵
ðɣҴˣܸܲң״Ķˣֻҧü˳۵˵
ʱĵü˳ۣʱЩʦѧͽļԳƷŭĿԲ
ϾǾø֮⣬һŮ˵Ŀ⡣
ȻͻСģѾΪģʱƷôôᡣ
ŭĿӣƷҲûʲôоֻƳһ۰˵ֽҸдú˵ģǾⱾ˱˾ͲˣȻдˣ͸Ĺɣ
ƷôֱԲ˵ԼڣʱǺ޵ҧгݵģȴֹ෴æ˳ȥһͽֽʴ˽
ƷͽЩĴֱдһжĿһڿһдһ¡
˽֮⣬ƷҲԼȷĲдȥһЩԵĶǺܶ඼ǲ룬дȷĲֲѡ
Ӧʽϣԥһ£Ӧʽָ֮Եܸ٣ֻҪ˷Ӧʽܶ൤ҩûһǷϷӦʽѾ֪ûɵĿˡ
ÿһӦʽ֮ģֵȻ˵
Ʒ˶٣׺һȱķӦʽ֮УȱĲȥֻʣҲΪؼͣ
Ǹ׺ӦÿöӦ֪ӦʽҪڳŴоκһӦʽĵʦǵʷ
ִᣬֻҲˡ
Ȼд㣡
д֮Žֽʵݻ˰˵ȥɣ㱳ǸˣӦû׵ģ
һ۳Ʒ֮󣬾ֱ߳ţȻҪˡ
ƷͰľٶʱʦѧͽһ⣬֪˾ڸʲôɻ
ƷҲûҪ͵˼;ڴ֮еȴûеȶãһεļϰʦ˾Ϳʼˡ
ߴ˹㲥
ϰʦˣڿʼλʦѧͽȡĺƣֱǰͬĿ׼ԣ
Ʒվʾźǰʦ˵Ŀ
һȥͻȻͬϰʦʦѧͽɲֻǳƺŵߵλһһأ


56 ѧͽľ̾
ϰʦ˵Ŀһ¥ÿһ϶ʮ¯ÿһ¯ռݲСĿռ䣬¯ĿռԻ߸ÿһԼĿռ䡣
ڽҵһߣҩĶѻɽÿһҩĶ׼˺ܶ࣬ȻЩʦȥȡġ
ȡҩĹҲǿʦʱ
ʦոԵĺƣԼλ֮ϣһԵƽѡһֵҩЩʦ
ΪһжģҲû֪׻ʲôĵҩÿһֵҩҪѧᣬЩҩҲΪĵҩ
Ʒһ£ֵƵĵҩΪֵҩҪָܾ
ִΪһܣǲѸٻָģԽǿߣָٶҲԽ죬ƽʱûʲôڽ£ҪٻָҪˣ֮Ҳֳɳм͸߼֣ЧҲ󣬼۸Ҳ
һֻǺܽεƷػĶӣҪڸյػģһЩΪΣյ˱رһֵҩ
ʵսĲ֣ʣµĻ۵Ŀ⣬߶ͨˣȻǿ˼ϰʦ
ƷûǰȥȡҩǶ˶٣ʱʦѧͽҲߵ˶ѻɽҩɽ֮ѡԼҪõҩġ
һ˸ֹߣȷʹСʲô⡣
Ʒȴ˸ֵĵҩǺֺܴһѽҩץԼҩ֮С
ÿһҩĶֻץһδеڶץĶһʼʱ򣬻ûע⣬Ǻܿ죬ʦѧͽע⵽˳Ʒ⡰ֺĶ
һʼΪƷǷ˰ɣֱƵҩĵÿһֵҩ׼ȷķƫһ㣬ЧܾͲԶˣֱǺ
Ȼܿۼʦѧͽ֣ƷÿһץҩƺĲ
Ȼ޷ǳƷֻһۣץһ¾֪׼ȷķǻ϶ѧͽʮˣŶٻġ
ʱоֻһץķ࣬Ҳˣÿһץķ࣬Ͳܹ͵˵ˡ
ף֮ĸʦѧͽԲǹģȷʵˢӡ
жɵޱ𾪣ܹ׼ȷȣϰץҩٴβпܴɵָаֱš
в²⣬ôܹΪ߼ʦѧͽ²ѧǱһʦŵİɡ
ֹϵĴзʽʱǵûʧԷŶԼҵֶΣһҲ˲ٵɡ
ǲ֪һŵĵˣ
˾֣̾Ҳ˷ԣҼܶɵĵӣطУҲزطֻǼӿٶȣֱɣǺܶɵĵǶΪʽĵʦˣǻҪʹøߵģ
óƷǵԵø
Ǿ̾ĵڣƷѾץȡеҩģصԼλϣ𣬼ˮ˳ҩģһоˮһ˳ƺȥ˼Ҫһжһ
˶̾ΪֹһԼҲڿ˵Уʱɾˣǵʱûôˡ
ܿ죬Ҳ׷úҩģصԼλϿʼƸԲͬĵҩʱǿɲٷĿƷˡ
ƵҩʱĻҩͷˣôҪ׼ܾòܹˡ
ƷʱʱעһḶ́ЩѾŵʵļĹ֮УܵľͿȫ̡
Բʦ߽ŵץ߲ϵĿʱ䣬Ҫ׼ÿһӣƷӵʼ֮лõľ飬ͱʲôӶҪ׼Ķˡ
˼ȴƮ˳ȥ˵ϼϰʦֻҪôһ֤ȻƵĵҩͿԹȥˡ
֮ǰ·诵ĽףʵΥĽףΪûмϰʦִա
ҲΪ޶ȵĶʵҩҩгľٴ롣
ûˣ׬ǮҲ׵ĶˣʱõĲҲоˡ
ʵʼ֮УҲܹ켲ĵҩǹֻҪҩģۣڵĳƷܹģʹִĻƼķͼ򵥡
;ͬ飬ֻҪܹκõĲʲôķ
˼ƮɵʱСʱʱգۼţǰĵ¯ԶһŰɫ˳һҩ˱Ƕ
ˣ


57 ôĹ
Ʒǵһɵģ˶תͷųƷƺ뿴Ƿˡ
Ӧǳˣǲ֪жٷˣ
Ʒޱ飬û֪ƷʾΣֻгƷǰƽϴ֣֡
ϰʦɵĵҩɵԽ֣߳ɳɫĵҩϸʮʮĵҩɫȻ֡
˻ʱ򣬳ƷѾʼԵĿˣЩȻһЩ۵ĿǶڳƷ˵Ҳ⡣
ܶʦѧͽЩۻӲܶҲֻ۶ѣǶڳƷ˵Щνʵ϶⣬ʱ⣬͸ˡ
ָķɿ죬ܿѾȫĿɼϾͳˣ֣֡
ʵ۶֣Ʒһεļϰʦ˵Ȼǹˡ
ƷȻҲûҪץʱؼ
ֻҪͨ˿ˣִòöνΪϢݿУֻҪöһܲ鵽ѾǼϰʦˡ
οʱʦЭỹὫִջһЩʽʦ֪֮Ķһͬĵļ
ڳƷ뿪ֹ֮СʱһοڷŰˡ
ڵӹİǰĽСİվڰǰЩ˼顣
ڵӰ񵥵ǰУǰé֣־ʮ˷֡
ĳɼѾǳͣ˵ھеʦѧͽĿˣڶеʦѧͽĿУҲǾԵĳˡ
ʵϣô˵Ҳû֮һõֵĶûУ־͸˵ˣֻ߰ʮ֣һϾʮֵĶûС
Լڿ֮ǰĲ²һȷʵѾӵԶԶѰϰʦʵѾһˡ
ȻҲǳˮ׼ķӣڶеļϰʦĿ֮УҲԶȡھ
ʵȴֻǵڶѣ
һĳƷ֣Ե˵ۡ
֣оò˼飡
ҲˣȷʵЩӲ츳˵ԼȻȫӲ⡣
ʵҲõֱ֣ǲܵģ
֮ΪŮˣƽʱԼģ⿼Ҳֻоʮ֣ھʮңʮ˷ȷʵǳˮƽˡ
Ÿ֣Ǹܵ飡
ô֣Ҳܴδζְɣѵһʧûôֱš
Ҳֲֻܱ֤εĵҩδܹƳųϳɫĵҩʮʮĵҩͲþܹ͵˵ˡ
ҵҪǺηʥ
̼ȺǰʦЭ
ʱЩʦѧͽһƬ֮̾С
ʦ֮Уʣֻƽӹģڿ֮УҲֻܿ߰ʮ֣Ҳ˵ĵҩɫҲ߳ɻ߰˳ɣ㲻ж
аȴͻȻǿˡ
ǵڶİȻ˾ʮ˷ֱ֣ǹֳĵҩ߼ļϰʦҲѴδζʮϣھʮ˷֣ҪʽʦпƵĳġ
ƳʮʮĵҩǸһƷѾ²ˡ
ǽӴ꣬ʮˣȻףʮ˷ֿɵģһٷ־Բɵġ
ԲžѾ²ˣǶֿ֪ԲףǼҪɻ᲻ʽʦ͵͵ˡ
ֻǲ֪Щ˿һٷ֣ʵ֣Щ˿һٷ֣Ϊֻһٷ֡
ʱҲѾͨʦЭڲ鵽˳ƷϣȻֻһϰʦᣬеôЩʦ֮һİ׺ꡣ
һĹϵǲ鵽˳ƷϣҲֻһЩܱϣǶ˵Ѿˡ
һϣ˶оˡ
ƷȻ֮ǰǸקĿļһ
ٿĽеĽļ¼ȻǴǰɵģڴ֮ǰûκιļ¼ͻȻһðһ
ǰһ˳м߼ʦѧͽȻмϰʦ˵һݿ˼ϰʦ
ٶȿҲΪˣ
ʱ͸ڵжϣĳɵĵӣ߾ĳʦ״ӣ֮ǰһֱָ㣬ڼѧĲˣͷųμӼϰʦĿˡ
ʵҲС;ߣһһ߽ӴڼˮƽѾԳʦˣŷˡ
ǣһﻹǰˣѾƶһܿϣһǵһһ
ŰɣƷǻټģȵһεʱһʤģ
ųƷ֣С˵
⻹һβǿҵʤģͬлûһܹڵϲһϸµ뷨ġ


58 
ڴʱڣĴʦ֮һİ׺ڿŰЩƷĴ𰸡
ԭڳƷܲܽЩ⣬ûжڴǹһ԰ˡ
ǵݰϣһһ˱Ƚ֮ŷ֣ƷĲ뼸ȷ𰸣֮˵ǼΪЩһЩ룬ԼҲûнӴǸεĴڣҲֻܲ²⡣
ôƷĴƺһЩǳƷǻʽ©ĵطһһȽϹһһԵԭһЩо㲻ȥĵطܹȥˡ
ƫƫΪؼΪĵĲֵʱûˣܹһӦʽĵĲ֣ƫƫûˡ
ⲻɵеץĸоˣͺǣһҪŵһζѰζȥȴ֣ζֻһľ룬ȴһ
ʼоӦʽҲкܳһʱˣЩ½ھ򵽵ĵ伮˽⵽ˣӦʽֹôһȴһ㲻
ҲǶգϾڵ伮ҲмأڵΪʢĳŴܹݳӦʽҲ٣һ˳ɹϵû⣬Ϊͷˣڵĵһ
ȻƫƫڳƷϵԭȱĲ֣һӦʽоһӴӰٷ֮ʮһ˰ٷ֮ʮֻʣ°ٷ֮ʮƲ࣬ʵΪؼĲ֡
оǰİٷ֮ʮֻҪʮʱȥоİٷ֮ʮȴҪϰʱȥоҲδػн
ֻһţûܹȥԲŻܡ
ʱ޲ֱӷɵ֮УȻҳƷҪҵƷǸʦûⷴӦʽǳƷܹĿģµǼƲȻǴģʵκһһʦȥоҪķѺܳʱпɡ
׺ʱѾ֪˰Ȼֻ˵ڶ飬ԼŮǺĵģͬлϲ̫ܹȼˣһϰʦ˵һ̽ȡһˡ
ԽҲԤ֮Уɼʮ˷֣ȷʵǸƷȻɼ֣ɲܹĵġ
ͶԳƷǸʦȤˣԷ̶ȣͽϾͿɼһˡ
ԵĻҲȥͳƷǸʦоӦʽܹоĻ֮ƽһ󲽣Ǹģ֪ʵҲ˶һء
뷨ʱſȴһһ˼ҴҵŶ룬ʦĽˣ
ӵĽ׺Щֵ˵
һӣ׺ͻȻһƻʱˣ˵Ϊˡ
ߣҲʰһ¶ߣ
ͷһ֦ƷոջصңԼ˽˵ϴʾѾͨһεļϰʦĿˡ
һΣԳ״չȭˣԽԼƵĵҩȥȻ׬Ǯ
Ļʵ׬ܹκõǮҲܾˡ
ʦǰں˵ж׬Ǯǵ˺ڣɵй֮ȱȽǣ֪ожô׬Ǯˡ
вʱ䣬ץʱ䣬취ܲͻưɣȻص࣬صҲˣ֮ǰʮһֻˣ
Ʒȭ˵ص࣬ǵûо÷ɣѹˡ
βϣǸĸڵΣҲЩѹŵ׳־ҪΡ
տǷܹԾŵһأǸ߿ڻдʱ䣬һЩʱ䡣
ص֮󣬳ƷĶҲûȥֻڼһЩҩʱ򣬻ĴԷ޷˵ģ³Ե˲֥Ĵ֮ԶԶġ
֮󣬳Ʒһûгţȫȫ˱չص״̬
ʱ䣬գۼţһ֮ǹȥˣѧУְҲˡ
һһ磬ƷӴ֮۾ĺһ
ʱܹоԼǰҪǿĶˣǡ쳤ؾûʼϹټϲƴ۵̷ҩģͣЪıչ֮¡
ڳȹ˸ոͻƵõԼһСģ˯֮У̮˻صˡ
෴ģѾһص۷壬ڶأҲֻʱˡ
죬ջܴ


59 µĿʼ
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ʮУھ˼İ༶֮󣬸ѧҲֻعˡ
ӹϣͷܶ˶Լ֣һһİ༶ҹȥ
ƷΧɨһۣȻưصҵԼ֡
ưصһֳҲưһͶ࣬Ʒڶࡣ
֮⣬ߺ־˼Ҳڶ࣬ԭʮһưصͬѧӢڣȫһࡣ
ڶϣƷһе֣ŷֱλжס
ȷ˰༶֮󣬳ƷưĶࡣ
ո̤ңƷ͸оĿˢˢˢɨ˹
һ˱ôŶе㲻ڣƷһоûУЩ̾Ȼ׼ǵЩͬѧʱ򣬻΢΢̾
֮ǰڵʮһβͬƶͬѧˢˢĸˮ׼εҲھžڵΪ
֮һѾ֮ˣЩ˲صľ;Ӣ
Ȼֻǳѣ߿д꣬˱£˸ϳǺƽ顣
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˼ߣм䷳ֺ˼꣬Ȼû˼ıѾͷˡ
Ʒֱߵ˼ԱߣȻһƨֱӽǼˡ
Ǽ¶ˬ飬Աߵ˼΢΢һڳ˺ܶ࣬ųƷ¶һм顣
ʲôʲôһãû˼СﶼԸ˵ô׷Ůӣʱ򣬸ߺ־ֱ˹Ǽˡ
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ߺ־⼷üŪ۵ӣ˼ҲɵݸһЦ
ϸ˵Ķԣʮһˣ໥ҲӦõأ֮ǰҲҽΧξ͵һ
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Щ֮УһΪҫۣעĿǸ˲Ǳˣŷ
ŷһڽҵģԱȻҲͬѧȴûа취ķͷ˵ȴҲ༶ģĿĽ㡣
Ǿŷ˰ɣû뵽ǾȻһ༶أһΪһأ
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ҪôѧУķأȥ˵ѾˣǸеһĸƿɾ͸ˣѾΪȺܶʦأ
Ʒߴ˵аԾ̾û뵽ŷôȻĺøǸߺ־Ҳǰ༶ķƽʱҲûٱ˽š
ǺȻͷź֮䣬ҲǷֳŵȵģƣӢѵĵطߺ־ȻǾӢȴѾ͵Ǹˡ
ǲ֪ȣ˭ǿһЩ
ƷҲûȫֵ歽Ҳ޴ӱȽϣ
Ȼо̾ȴ٣ˣʱ̫ˣ߿д꣬δ¹˭֣δ֪ء
أʱһ̤̤̤ĽŲȴһͦοӰ߽˽֮С
ƷȻĿһӰΪǲǱˣ֮ǰǵ̹٣䡣
һԵ˼͸ߺ־Ҳʮ־ĿͻȻֵ䡣
˽ңĿɨһ˵ҺãЩʶңЩ˻ʶңҽһ飬ҽ䣬ǰǵ̹٣ڣΪưصİΣ
ʱѧһƬȻʶǲʶģû뵽İξȻ䡣
Ϊ֮ǰ²ʶģҲ˵֡


60 ѡʲô
ǰѧйഫ˵ͺܶ࣬ǴֲĽ̹١
ӱǾۼ൱ĸֲ֣ӸǸеĸֲ֣۵Ȼ˼صĸо
֪Ƕǰ༶ٮٮߣǶʶ֮ǰˣҲǹȥʲôĽڶҪ̤ʵأ¿ʼҵΰΣֻһĿģǾĸ߿֮УһõĴѧߵ˰༶ǰͷֱ˵Ҷǵ˽⻹ʮ޵ģҾʱȸ˽ĵŷζ೤û⣿
˵꣬Ŀ⿴ŷŷֱҡҡͷ˵û⣡
ˣѧƫƫŷ˶֪ôʲô
ͬĿư࣬ưİ೤ȻҪǿǸʸΡ
ǿصܻܸ࣬ˣҪǵǣصܹܱ࣬ȱ˸ԴѧУĽѧԴҲкǵĸʦõģÿÿ˶һĲǱֳɫֻиǮ仺˵
ЩôѾ˽ˣѧϻ¶˼˷ܵ顣
Ҳ˼϶в֮ġ
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ǵĿγ֮УһʵսĿγ̣ʵսԼ˴˽ֱ֣Ӻв޽֣ҿȷǣǻ˵ģҪصȥҪǩһԼѧУĿγѧУûйϵ
ĻʱѧɧȻѾѧУѧ֮еٮٮߣҲûжٺ˽ֵľ飬˵ǺЩǿˡ
޲ҰޣԶԶҰҪĶˣƣͽָ꣬߿ƼǼˣҲֻǿάס޵ľưˣĴӪûܹɾ
֪ЩжôΣգǻ޽֣Ҳ˴ѧԺˡ
ûôҪϺ޶Կ·
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Щѧ¶ԥ飬΢΢һƲҲЩĻ䣬Żʲôָ꣬ھЩʿҲ˼꣬ȴûָ˵ÿŸĲӲ˸¶
˳üǿתȥͨѧϰǿ㣬ѡҪ׼˵
ִὲȨƽȣҪܳһȵĴȻҪøһȴ۵׼ҪԶ˵񣡡
Ʒ˵Ҳͬȷʵˣ˶ֻܴҪеֻͱˡ
ѧ鶼ЩԥȻվû˳ǶгͷصѾߵôܾ׷
ܺãǶûӣ

ȻǾͼΪҪʩչĹϵǿ϶Ҫѡһű似Ȼ֮ǰ似已̥ǺѺЩ޿ģ
˵֮࣬ҰҰޣΪǶùߣȻһЩ츳֮⣬޿⣬ǿʹøָıֲûצ㣡
˵仹רſһ۳Ʒ֮ζƳƺҪ˵ʲô
ΪʲôִᶼƳ˫ȫԭֻôɱɱçǲʲô·ģ
Լúÿһ£ѡʲôɣѧУﶼһЩı似ǿţȻҪѧõ似ǶҪԼǮˣ
ִ似ĵͼģ˭ѧģǸ似߶ŵ似͵ԼǮȥѧϰҪʲôɣţ˾лѧĵġ
ʺܸߣܶ˼룬ΪԴܶ࣬似ѧҲȫ棬㷺
ƷʲôѾˣ¸£Ҵǹʱ˧һȺӣߺ־¸һЦ˵ƺ뵽Լһ졣
ʲô


61 ʮǿѡ
ѡʲô
ƷҲǵһο⣡
УǵȻǺóУܶΪҲԵҩѻȥģǱϾҲǳƻʵľ֡
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ĸе˼£ժ·ߵһҰݣնǳǲ۷壡
Ȼ̶ֳȵĸ֣ڵĳƷܹģ
˵ʲôӰ첻󣬵ǶڳƷ˵ѡʲôӰɾʹˣ
ѧУıγ̣˵ʮ˰նУһЩȽƫƧŵıУֻѡ޵˺ٶѡ
˵޷Ǿǵǹꪸȡ
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ܷϻ˶͵Ĺӡ󣬾彣Իʱʿ˽彣Ϊ١
ýĸƮ鿴ƮƮɣҲ˹ġ
˽ֵʱȻԣ޵Ļôе㲻ˡ
ΪͬˣֻҪɨУˣɨ޵ϣͬȣƿķ
̾Ӷ࣬ԶޣЧͲ˺ܶˡ
ȻҲؽؽĻЧһˣ
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˼˺һƷջǾõƺأնҲڷԸЩޣΪʲˡ
ǡ쳤ؾûʼһϹͬ˵ĺüνЩ츳˱Ҳ
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ƷţԵȻѧֿȭȥԸЩޣıʵҲ㲻ϻֻͨѡ
ѧҾһĻȷʵѧҾõĻǸߺ־֣϶˽ȥҷĹ˾Լеı
ƷҲԣҲЩ·ɫսһ˲䣬⣬Ĵۿܾ
˽˶Ʊļ۸ȻҲǼߵģҪ취׬Ǯſԡ
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Ҳˣ˷֣ȻĿڳƷͣһ£ȻҲǽصעĿ֮С
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ƷȻоҲܹµõΪ似ϵ츳ͬʱ㵵ǣȻҲܿ˼꣬Ŀͬ˼ͣˡ
ŷҶ˽ⲻ࣬ϣܹǰ༶ȡ꼶һǧ䣡
Ŀ˻תŷϣȻǶŷ
û⣡ŷͬʾ
ʮǿѡΣºʼϣǶҪ߾ȫΪ⣬ͬʱҲΪԼȡᣡ


62 ʳ
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ʱһѧˣʦҪϰȱô죿
ѧ˵ͷȻǺܶҲҪȱԸɵĶˣȱһǹͿ̵
ȱԭ˵ǲеģҪôȥξ˿ԳȱҪô취ͨǹеִյĿˣ˵ȻʹùߵĲ˵ʹǹеʹƺûʲô𣬵Ҫ֮·ߵĸԶûרעУ¾ľѻ֣ǹ֣߻׼ʻԱҲ߱ҪܸߣڵƵĴھѻǹһǹܱһͷ޵ԴĺҲĿ£һǹĺ͹ԼִԽǷչ˱ҪҲԽߣԹעչ
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֮·е˼£ժӲݿն£ܿ˵еļǽܹǿܹɡ
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ڵ޴Ƿֳؽޣеޣǵ޻ϲ٣ΪֱҲʱѣؽȴ˲֪ʱ䣡
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ĻʱѧһƬȻΪ˶֪̫֮б˵ʺ棬ѹʺ棬ΪǱûС
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ʦôܹܵѹĲƽ⣬˵ûпô棿ѧ˵ǲǲţϾ䲻ⷽƭǣֻ֪Ϊʲô
ִУûвܵ飬еĵһһ·ȥԽԽǿȻܹѹĲƽ⣬ǲСѣеĻԶԶǵȵĸ£ȱһУЩȣһѹʲô䵭Ļش˵˵⣬͸ʲôˣŴһʳ¸Ҷʳǻ۶ɣʳ٣ʳ߲񣬾Ƕ磬ʲôķչǳǻǳצӣѰ˵Ǳĺеһĵز֮󣬷Ϊۣ
ڹŴһибٹȣҲ˵ʳΪʲôʳΪЩʳ̫֮ˣ˵ЩʳǱģǶиԺͳ׸ˣǺĲǿԿ˵ͲǱҪĶˣȻΥȻɵģҲΥ౾ܵģһģŬͿԵģǽͨ


63 ѡ
ʦʲôͨ񻰴˵ܣһôһѧ˵
ѧʼЦ˵ҲֻһȺ˶ѡ
ȴûЦǺ˵˵˿ԼȥȷʵĿܵģ
ѧǣʲô̫ͨӵľͲ˵ˣΪ˵ҲǾͨңԶҾ˵ܹĶģν֮ͨһв˼飬Υѧ֪ΥȻɵģʵͨ
˵У룬ǲôģ˾ͨ
ٱ˵ˮǹ룬ЩһģνͨҺ˵Щ񻰴˵Ѿģһ仰˵ǽҲпܴﵽֻҪǺúϣ
ĻѧоԼѪҪˣԼͨǸǺε硣
ֻڻ룬ƷѾͨʵļʶˣЩȷʵ룬ֻ˵ģЩǻңԶ
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ѶԸޣȻҲգȻǺѺӴޱȣҲǴƣΨ½ռһƣɲֹۣδྫӢҪսڵһߣϣǶ˽㣬Ҫֲ
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ȷʵ׬ǮڳػĶ֮⣬һΪ˵ְҵЩҪȥģЩÿʶϣԼŰ죡
Ļһˮһ侲ɱ׬Ǯ׬ǮҪδֵˡ
ּ޵һڿεʱܿ͹ȥˡ
˿Σѧ׷óƽ壬ʼѧУרһոնǿŵ似ѧϰİ飬ѡԼҪѧϰ似Ȼǳ似ѧҲС
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ǼҾȽһģûǮҲЦ
ƷҲƽѡȻѡ˵ֱӱŵİ鿴ȥ
ƷЩ似̫ƽӹˣҽȥҰָһ׺õǹҲһ׺õĵܹѧУĺãʱߺ־˹˵ȫһǮģ
Ʒ֪ߺ־ΪãûҪߺ־æ˼Ҫ˵ǿĵʼҲУһȥӵɽ
Ҳò似һҪ߼ؼǺʡ
ˣû˵ֻоˣûо似ôʲô似סҷģƷٺһЦ˵
Ҿ֪㲻ͬ⣬̫ɧˣߺ־ԼҲµˣƷͬ⣬ƷûռˣȻʱҲóƷִܹҲʽִֹҾܴȴѣûʲôҡ
Ʒ΢΢һЦѧУѧϰֵһΪ絶ҪٶΪһҲΪҪѹ·ߡ
ֵóƽɫȻֻǺܻĵȴȷֵķչ
ֵһ㣬ȫͬѡһ֣ߺ־һۣȻʵ
ѡһ֣
Ʒ΢˼һ£һ˿϶ѡһ֣Ϊ˵ľޣʱҲޣѡֿ϶Ƕ޷ˣ³ˡ
ͬô˵Ȼˡ
Ҳ˼ľһ֣Ƕһŵƣ˽֣޽ֶռܴıˡ
ҷѵģѧײѧ
ҿܻᶼѧɣ˭ţ
Ʒʵʵ˵ߺ־ˡ
˵ģ㲻Ҫʱķ緶ߺ־˵Ǹ˵꣬ԼЦˡ
ΨгƷԼ֪ûЦ


64 ϴ赤
ֵһ˵϶ǲܵģƷȴ£
Ȼıǵ˵֮⣬ҪľǱˣ
Ʒ˱վɵĹ涨ȱǲӵеģȴΧ֮ڡ
ҴŸ¢ˣõĿʯõĺϽ䷽ЩްԵϡ
Ʒ˰죬Щ۸ǧڵıֱӱӹˣǼˣ۸ɲƣ˵ŵʽҲҪһѡ
Ը߿ƼϽɵģпܶ˺ʱĸֵϵƬв
΢ϵ㵵սҲҪϰЩս붼ǧ
ƷҲ֪ⶼʲôиЧķġ
ƷһΪӰսԼһƿһָ񣬳ĳ࣬ͨںڣһĹâ
һֻؽвҵĽ̫ҾϵȽĺϽ䷽ʹ켼ƶɡ
ν࣬ëϷ쳣
ػߺ˵ϲػߺҵҲҪһѾӰǳԷļһ
ȻӰܻӭȻҲֻܹһѾҪǳĸĹнײ㣬һӾһѾӰǺ
ӰͲΪнײ׼ģһ㹤нײ㱻ڻҲòš
ǰƷ϶룬ǼҵҲǳ죬ү̫̫뾡취æ
˵ʼ֮һоͶͬˣûпܡ
ǾӰڳƷԱߣߺ־۾һ˵֮ǰڱ־Ͽϧ̫ˣҰû򡣲һҲˣҪһ˺ͬϵеĳǹٺ٣˵е̫Ҿ𰡣һ㣬
֮ǰ־ϿӰһ棬ȫ̫ҾƶɣǸ۸ֱİ
ߺ־кģ̫Ҿս۸֪
Ҫǿ˾Ӱ۸ɲƣߺ־ҧ˵ҿ˽һҾû취ˣǼҵ֪ģСǮȱǮѴҰǱҪһ˺ܶ꣬е㻨Ǯˣ走ҪϢ
ߺ־ȻǸҲûӵܣƷҲܺѡ
ˣԼ취ŪǮģȻϢ̫ˣƷиж֪ߺ־Ϊһ˵ʲôϢģȴЦֵ
ɲһСǮŪȥ˵尢̰ѷӵѺ˰ɣߺ־ɵĿųƷ˵Ҫˣ˵ֻ㻨ǮǶ尢˵ǿǱĻ
İɣôִôƷ˵Ȼҵİ취ͱˣ
Լзִˣ
Ʒô˵ߺ־ҲͷˣгƷҲȷʵûôûִ磡
ڳƷ˵ʱҪ׬ķֻһǾ
˼ϰʦִգƷһЩ߼ĵҩȥˡ
ʦʱŸոտʼ
صңƷͿʼ滮
ϴΰ·ƶ嵤ʱǮһĳͷѣƶ嵤ĺ⼸½½ҩĵǮʱϲ໹ʮҡ
ֻǮȻûа취ʲô춯صĵҩҪ֪൤ҩȻۼ۾ˣǱҪҩĵļ۸Ҳܾˡ
ͲǳƷܹˡ
˼˰죬һϵĵҩ۸ڳƷ˾Ҫϴ赤
ֵҩһ׾ϴ裬ı˵ʵһֵҩԽʹϴ赤ЧҲԽ
ܹڸճʱͷãĻԭѰҲܹš
ţøӵÿⱲҲֻһηõĻᣬڶξûʲôôˣԽãЧԽá
ĸܿ߶Ǹ飬үԻسΪһöϴ赤ܿڱֵţΪүһöϴ赤Чõһöϴ赤ǳƷƷıҲѷɫڳ졣
ܿ߶үӣ̫̫ƫĵĸԭ
һöϴ赤۸񲻷ƣۼ۸Ǹߴ򣬳ɫõ
ΪԭȻֻǸֵõĵҩǼ۸ɾӸ߲¡
ϴ赤ļ۸Ӹ߲£һؾǱҩļ۸͸ߴϰһζҩҩľ͸ߴʮΪֲҩֻؽ֮Уǿޣҩһֱ٣Ҳǵϴ赤۸Ӹ߲µһܴء
Ʒа취滻һλҩϴ赤ĳɱ
ʹϴ赤Ϊ˿ܡ


65 ·诵ľϲ
һζҩΪϴݣֲҩϴһҩЧǶܹãʵҲܹܴã̷Ҳܹ޽ϴ衣
ϴݵĸǿǻȻǱϴû󣬵ǵĺЩҪġ
Ȼϴϵͳ֪ഫ֪֪ϴݵĺô
ͬѰҰޣоȻ̶ԶʤѰҰޣǵҲѰҰҪߵĶˣе޵ࡣ
֮һͷͷǿ͸༫˺ǵǻ۾Ͳ࣬ɽթ
£ҵϴݣҪЩǿ޵ϴݣҲס
һֱҪģϴݣƻܹɹô֪ܹĿǰϴ赤ʹ÷ΧһŵҲǿһʵҲõ
ﵽеģ˶Էϴݣһ˿ɳʱưҲԶˡ
ϧǣϴףΪ̣Ҳûа취ǲСģǾͲ֪ˣϾһֱĻܡ
ĿǰΪֹûпϸϣ
ִͳŴȷʵкܶ໹ģֻһ㣬ǹҵһ걬Ŵܶ֡
ǳŴ˶ɵȫȻͬչɵĽ
嵽׻ǲ޵ʣϴݵҩЧʮֵİԵΪʾͱҪõĶˣ̷ֱϴݣҪϴƳΪϴ赤̷ܹ
һζҩ֮⣬ϴ赤ҩĵǺܹ󣬵ȻҲֻһζҩļ۸˵Ͼ嵤һöʮҩҲöʮѾȶ嵤ļ۸Ҫˡ
۸һ㶼ϴݴģˣ۸Ȼںܳһʱ֮Ҳռˡ
Ʒļƻǽһöϴ滻һȻҲ󣬵Ѿ˵Ĳҩβݣֲݵƴ˵βȡβݣֲҩԭһֶʱǿҩҩġ
Ŀǰû˷βܹȡϴݣȻһζβݵļ۸ҲҪߴʮ򣬵Ҳϴݸߴʮļ۸ҪĶˡ
Ʒеֵܶҩ˶嵤֮⣬ϴ赤Ҳ֮һ
ϧʻûüƹЩĵҩѾһƻս֮ˡ
ڣô൤ҩ֮УʺϳƷҲϴ赤ˡ
ҪЩҩƷһʱ뵽·诣Ϊ·һҪǣԽ·诵۳ҩ·ӡ
˼ϰʦֻǽҩʶѣЩҩҪ뷷ȥҪ·ӣȷʵһ˼·ڽҩ·诰æ֡
·诵·ӣҩٶȸ죬Ҽ۸ҲҪһЩĻеʦԼȥˣ˭ԸЩ˾
ĺôȫȫԼٺܶͿͻƤʱ䡣
֮󣬳Ʒһʱϵ·诡
·诶ڳƷͻȻϵԼҲԵʮֵľ˷ܡ
ֵҩģʶʦǾܹģ⡣
Ŀǰ·˵ܹʶģйƵʦҲǳƷˡ
ȻƷĿǰΪֹֻ¶ƶ嵤ֻƷһ嵤ֶΣͲ֪ʤʦˡ
УƷļֵЩʽʦҪмֵĶˣŲʮѣķչɾͼֱ
ƷСúܶӣںܶгԶ۹˿СζŽǰ;
Īĵܶ˶ף
绰㣬еˣɣƷʵ
绰ʱѾʮˡ
ţţʦ˵·æ˵ʵʱѾϴˣһ͹˾ǿܲ÷ȫͬĿͨ˯¹ճ͹µý
ƷĻʱһ˯ⶼûˣ֪Ʒ²ƽʱĺܣõϵʽȻһζûϵ
Ҫ֪ǰѧУǳ֮ʶ˲֪ƳƷôĻǺټġ
ģһǹ˾⣬ʱƳĵҩҲҪһǹ˾ôƷ˶٣ʵ
ðһ£ʲôҩô·Сʵ
ϴ赤
Ʒڴ
·ϴ赤֣ʱֻоԼҪӴ֣඼Ҫˡ


66 Ʒļֵ
ϴ赤ֵʱ·ܹԸоԼĺˡ
ֻΪϴ赤˼Ͷ嵤ֺܻĵҩͬϴ赤Ѿмĵҩˡ
̶ֳܹȵʦҲʽʦ֮емʦܹ׵ĸ㶨
ʦѧͽĿԼϰʦļ𲽲ܹͬﵽʽʦЩʦǸŵϱȻ̸ϰͽᣬҲԷǳӵġ
ԼҲȱٿԴزͿԹԼĿʼۻ൱˵ĲƸ
޴ڶʦӡ󣬺̶ܴϣЩ˴ġ
·ǵĹ˾ֻСĵҩ˾֮еһӪĵҩҲǶ嵤еĻҩ
ҪһԼҵ󣬾Ϳ϶Ҫ߼ĵҩȻЩҩҲƾղģҲڹҵĿԣԴֻһǾЩʦ
ʦѧͽ߼ϰʦͬʽʦûôļ϶ǸģǸţǸɣ߸ѧ
ҪȻԼҲ˵ҩ˾Բÿ˵ɫ
ĺĹ˾ҪõһԳںʽʦǶڶԷڼϰʦʦѧͽʱ򣬾ͼԹעԴΪǩºԼпܡ
ЩʦѧͽС˾˾ᡣ
ҲʹЩ֮ʦѧͽл᰾ѧͽʱڣǳɳȻһʼ׬ǮҲܹŴţ˾Ƴȥ
ҪѵĽǮʱ䶼̫ˣûܱ֤ʦѧͽܹ˳Ϊʽʦ·ز۵ĸɺܸߡ
ֻд˾ǸʱȥȴȥҲ·С˾λļѡ
ŻᶸȻһӺΪ֪ζʲô
ԭΪԼѾ߿˳Ʒˣܹһֿƶ嵤Ѿܾˣ֪Щνĵûһܰ쵽ġ
³ƷֻһֵҩһֱֻһֵҩƵٶȣרͶ룬һ׬ǧʲô
ǹ˾׬Ҳ٣ʱĹ˾һü
ͳƷܹϴ赤ϢͶʲôˡ
ܹϴ赤мҩĳƷļֵ·诵ֱӷʮȻԵúܹǶֻ˵ֵ˺ǰᡣ
Ʒֲ·诵Щ׷ߣΪ˲ȡŮһЦʲô鶼ó
ôôƷ绰ͷ·诵ûˣɵ˵
û⣬û⣬Ϳǹ˾ƣһ⣬ҵǰ˵һ£֮ǰǸ־ҲˣǸ־ǼҵھǶжܴǹ˾ĳһЩС⣬ǹ˾ĳеģϴ赤ҪõĻУҪһʱ䣡·Щǵ˵³Ʒ˾Ͳϴ赤ǹ˾ˣһöҩĳɵΣؼԺͳƷֱӶߵĻʧ̫ˡ
Ʒ·˵ԺиֳǸҪϾӵӰЩԥǲҪ·ǹ˾ѾˣҪ·Ǽҳ
˻ֻ־ƷȷʵҲܵӣӲӲӲӲˣŵʴдһջϾˡ
û⣬ٲܳһ£Ʒһ£һڣӦûֱӱȥʵս
һѧУŵսʱ⻹
ģû⣬ٲݵ飡·æ֤˵Ȼеĳ·߻̣ͻڷչ
ϴ赤ǽλ޷ЩǮ˭Լĺܹϴ赤Ӷ츳Ҫء
ھл߶гͿԽ
һ뵽뵽˳־һŰ֮вɵ¶˼顣
Ǿûˣҵһ´϶ҩģһӦþͻ͵ǹ˾ǱߣƷ˵ͷ˵ȥǹ˾Ǳߣʱϴ赤Ƴ֮ǩԼһκ˳ԺǺĻỹأ
·Ʒɵ˷Ʒǰ;ܹͳƷںĹ˾ҲԾһµˮƽ
ǿ˷˵û⣬ʦѡҵĹ˾дģ
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˵꣬Ʒ͹˵绰Щڴ֮󣬾Ӱսͻõˡ


67 Ʒʵϴ赤
һҹ޻ڶһ磬Ʒ·诵Ĺ˾ϴͬһγƷѾ·ˣ·诹˾ԱҲʶ˳Ʒˡ
֪ͲǺܴ꣬Ȼһʦ֪е𺳡
ڳƷڶʱܹоЩ˶ԼżֺĿ⡣
ڶһ磬·Ѿڹ˾ڲȺˣųƷ֮С
ʦҪҩѾȫ͵ˣҪ˰㽫װʲôĲô·ָ֮һһҩ˵
ˣԼͺˣ
Ʒҡҡͷ˵µϴ赤䷽Ҫȥ·诲ͻ֣ᷢЩҩ֮УȱΪҪϴݡ
ǺãҾȲˣһһֱڹ˾ʲô麰һͿˣ
·˵Ϊûоʲôԣһʦ̬Сģ÷ǳ
ȥæɣ
·뿪֮󣬳ƷԼ˰װеҩ˳ոնģһ͹ˡ
ԳƷϿһۣ֪ЩҩȻƷʶֻһ㣬Ҳûʲô⡣
ճ̣Ʒ¯𣬼ˮҩÿһ趼ǾһȻ컹ǵһϴ赤
Ƕ˵˵ʵļ䣬൱ѾΣ̶ȣһܹ˽ġ
Сʱʱ䣬һöҩڳˣ
һҩ֮УƬ֮ͱˣ¯֮Уһö϶Сںڵҩ
Ʒ֪һöϴ赤Ѿˣ
ʮʮĳɫ
ϴ赤֮󣬳Ʒ·诸˹
·мּɫ˵ʦϴ赤ƺˣ
Ʒ˵ͷ㿴Լһһöϴ赤ĳɫ
·޳Ĵаָϴ赤˳Ȼϴ赤ŵ֮еĵҩ֮С
Ƕ嵤ĵͼҩԼͿԼɫϴ赤ͱҪҩܼĳɫ
ֵҩҲʮŸոձз²Ʒǰеҩĳɫ϶ֻܿԼľ飬˵ҩ֮һоͿԽˣ֪ǰ˶١
һɨһöϴ赤ϣʱҩ̵˸
̵ƱʾƷʺϸ񣬶ԱߵĺǱʾƷʲϸ
ϴ赤Ʒʺϸ񣬳ɫʮɣ
ҩϴ˻е
һԵ·诲ûˣɫȻʮɣ
ֱŵģһ˵ϴ赤мҩʽʦҪƣɫҲ߰˳ɶѡ
ܹõĶǺܶ࣬˵ܹõˣֱ˼顣
˵ƷֻܹƳɫʮɵĶ嵤ҲˣϾ嵤ôʵֻǵͼҩѡ
ϴ赤ȻҲƵ
·˿ỳɳƷǲ˹ʺˣΪ߳ɣ˳ɣųɶ˹ʺ˲пܴﵽģΨʮɲͬǶֵҩյ˼产˵ĳ̶ȣͲʮɵۡ
ٴθо϶ڳƷۻ̫ˣ
ʱһּ˱ĸоܹϴ赤ɲһܹõģɱһʽʦҪĶˡ
ԼƵϴ赤ͨ˵ҩļ⣬ƷҲɵ΢΢һ˵Ƶϴ赤⣬ǱϾΪҪһζҩϴ赤ˣβݣԵҩͨҲпܵġ
ڼͨ˵ҩļ⣬΢΢һ
ôһöϴ赤ܳôƷʵ
ܰ϶ܳ
·˵ϴ赤ǽεʣҰɣʦƵһöϴ赤Ʒʵģ۸͸ˣһϴ赤Ҳѣоųɳɫϴ赤Ҳֻʮ򣬵Ʒʵϴ赤Ҹұ֤
Ʒ˵ͷ˽⵽㲻࣬ȻһֵҩƷʲͬ۸Ҳر
嵤һĵҩҲˣȻһĲ࣬ҲܴΪ嵤һֱãȻϴ赤ÿҲֻܷһöˣƷʵĲ𣬼ֱӾ˷ϴ赤˵Ĳࡣ
ʹڲ࣡
˭ԼĺӮϣ
һͨƷʵϴ赤ϴ赤֮ļ۸ϰ
ϰϵң·ϴ赤æ˵ϴ赤ʵ̫óˣиǸмΪҲ֪ƷѡϷҲǿԵģ޷Ǽ۸һˡ
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68 
ȷϴ赤Ʒ֮󣬳Ʒͽһöϴ赤·Ȼм仹ǩ˺ԼģպԼĹ涨һöϴ赤ȥ֮󣬻Ὣаٷ֮ǮΪ·诵ѡ
·Ҳ֤Ʒʵϴ赤϶ܹϣҲ˵·ʮϵĳɡ
ҲڱȽеһģʽ
һ˵ʦ͵ҩ˾Ƿֳģʽһǵҩ˾ϣʦʦַѡ
ڶǵҩʦˣȻɵҩ˾õҩ˾æۡ
УҪҩ˾ʦԼĲͬҲ
һ˵ߵȻߣѡǰߺģʽҲкܶ࣬һЩƶ嵤ȽϴĵҩѡĶǵһֺʽ
ҩ˾ҪʦҲҪֻ֣˵ײ츳ȶѡ
ķʽǳʢУ
ڶһ㶼Ը߼ĵҩĺҩ˾ҲȡһķΪѣʦ򲻱ȥͿͻƤ
ģʽ˫Ӯ
µʱתۼţƷϴ赤·诵ĵҩ˾֮󣬾ûйˣרҵרҵҲǳƷ֮һ
ǽ߾ȫĿʼѧУıδȫڹΪΪ嵽ڶء
ѧУһڣƷ֮ϣϵתš쳤ؾûʼϵıڶصϡ
֮ǰ༶ҪʹͬưصһͶ༶һ̶ҲѧУԴб
ΧеƷˣһ˴±Ӱ죬Ҫ붨ܹ붨ǳƷҪ붨ÿ붨ʱ򣬾ͻԺ֮еʳһȫ
ֱӾͿԽ붨״̬붨ЧȻҲѰҪϺü
ϡ쳤ؾûʼЧҲԶʤѰĹܹڶ̶ʱڳԽ˴󲿷ֵͬѧ
ȻѾһأڶ֮ȴʲôŷңң֮⣬ͬѧҲѾϵΪ
лһȻ˼꣬Ҳǰ⼸Ͽ֮У͸¶飬ʱ˲ŻȻΪʲô֮ǰ˼
Ʒɣ֮ǰ˼ʵʵһѾֻ˻֪Ӣߺ־С
˼һǰתѧʱ򣬸һΪûУһѾѧУľӢţٶ֮죬У쵼Ϊ֮Ŀ
ڳƷҪҲڶأʣҲĵһš
ڶ֮УʵǱǰ֪ҶٱÿһÿһͬѧǿЩҵ׺ʵǸߺ־ģ̷ָĵҩԼļҽ̣ȸǺˡ
ǰµʱ䣬ߺ־Ѿһص۷壬ȻͻƵڶѾԶˣа£Ϳ϶ͻˡ
ߺ־ڶ뻹кü
ԳƷôҷɣ
УƷְֳ·˼ζ嵤׬һЩǮͶ嵤ԼҩŹз
Ȼͬѷ֣ÿһͻƣҪҲѰҪˡ
ǮУĿ죬ȥҲ죬ֻܹάԼİˣҪˣרǾͺͼе֮·Ҳûʲôͬ
˵ֻṩάԼʽѣȥߵѾ߹·ȻԻͣԼǿȡ
һȦһȦǿϢڳƷ𣬵ȴĿһķΧ֮ڣһ㶼ûкȥѧŶþǶʶˣѧеľӢȻҲףҪһҪƴﵽһֱ̬ĵزпܡ
֮ǰŸոȵͬѧȷʵˢӣǵ֮
˭ûȥţĴɣúͳƷһӲݵĴ㣬пܡ
أƷͻȻһȫʧˣȻһɸӿֲϢ֮Ǻˮ˴֮󣬱øӵĿ¿ֲ
ֻһ˲䱬ֻ֮иļͬѧԼоˣתͷһʲôûзֻ֣Щɻת˻ȥΪԼ֪ˡ
ʱ򣬳Ʒ۾·һһ
ͻˣȴûоκˣֻԼ֪˰µĿޣͻ˵һ۷壬˵ڶ֮С
׷˰ϵһŵѧˣ


69 
أƷܹԵĸоԼڵִ˲٣ǲһ̣ͬʱҲǲȹḶ́һֱȹ̲̮Ϊֹ
׳󣬳ƷܹõҲԽԽ࣬ʵҲԽԽǿ
ʱڵѧûע⵽Ʒ
ֳ֣һǴһȭŵĵططԸǽһ֣Ƴɵĸǽյ󲿷ֵ໥š
һᣬߺ־˽ܵ˳Ʒߡ
Ʒʦˣߺ־
ƷʱǰһһԾߣȥ
Ʒ˺ܿУ԰еãѧַ
һһıò֪ƤɵıУдŸԵ֣Ȼһոմģǿⷿı
Ա߻вٵ꼶ѧ༶ѧΧۡ
ֻص෢˱༶ͻҪ¸ѧˣ꼶ĸ𻹲ԶֵǻҪһꡣ
óƷԼҲĽ쵽˱ѧǡ
ǸʱҲţԼʲôʱܹ쵽ʲôʱܹ޽֣ԼһܹǰնɱޣΪĴӢۡ
ϾڵۣƳܹ޿ǿߵģЩ˶ΪǿڿഫĴӢۡ
ƷҲӵԼսγһһڷŲɫĹУһɷĸоȻִᣬսļ۸
ΪƼĽ˵ǰֱոտʼʱɾˣԸЩޣϾһɱһ׼
ڵϵҲɱĽ׶ΣҲûĿֲǸʱޣǳƷִҲ۹⿴ҵûеĲҲݺһСˡ
սǴٽƼĵһҪأ޵Ĳ֮£ĿƼٶʮ־ˣı֮£޳ɳٶҲܿ졣
޷ײޣҲûа취״ݻᡣ
ڳƷԱߣߺ־ѾժǹףˣһƯǹֵȫ䡣
ȻǵһǹˣҲǳƷѰ˼ңһνӴõѧУţǸߺ־ĸֻºСͿʼӴЩˣֻ֮ǰȫ磬û̫ϰˡ
ǸѰ˵Ĳ࣬ӳһ̾Ϳʼˣ˵Ѱ˺ЩµĲŹӣ߹Ȩ֮ǲ͸ˡ
˫۽ͼʶԼֶθͲһϵģ߾ЩȨ֮ͲҪöٹϵƾʾͱƽҪǿ̫ˡ
쵽ԼıˣΪΣһһ仰ҪǣȻƽӵҪעִ磬ҪЩΪǻḶ۵ģ
ص˵
Ʒ͸ߺ־æ˵ͷִᣬϰ䣬˭һûʮ䣬ˣ˭˭˵ء
쵽˱֮˫ܿص֮Уʱ似֮Уո쵽˱ѧϰ似һʱֺϡ
Ʒ˺һ䣬Ҳʼϰ
Ȼͬʱϰ絶һʼҪϰ
кأƲ٣ÿһɽ֮ơ
ƷԺ֮вϵĻԼϿĹĻѧƵеĶԺ֮вϵĻ롣
ͺһԺ֮ʩչһһÿʩչһΣܹоԼһ֣˵ʱʱʼֳ
ãֹͣ˻룬۾еķһɨ˳ȥ
ˣ
һ޴ޱȵƿǳƷзиƿ
ˡһңһնƴԵΪĿֲ
һոµͬʱƷٶȽһת˳ȥƲ٣ǲٶȲ죬ʵٶҲܿ죬һ಻
һиոʹϣһ
һнһУһбһ󣬵ʽƵ˼µʱ򣬾ǿĵ˶Ҫն䡣
Ϳ絶ȫͬ絶ߵľԿٶȣеһʽǿ죬죬졣
Կ쵽öֶûзӦٶȽܣǻɱͬʮֵĴġ
ȫֵܹʹã͸ӾˣҲǳƷĴ㡣


70 ָߺ־
Ʒʩչٶûнһ죬ûнԼȫʩչٶֻ죬ʽνӸԲ
ҲĺڣÿһҪɽȡʤʵⲻǱѣֲ಻ɱУһһУһʤһУΪֲġ
ϰˣҪϰ˺ü֮󣬲ʶһ㣬˽ָ̻ϵϹۿʦѧƵпȫλĵ⡣
ǳƷͬϰĵһʱѾһŵҪڣʲô츳츳
һͶһ
ˣ
ˣ
ˣ
Ʒϵʩչ˿һһٶȲ죬ȴԽĿֲ
Ʒ֪ƣϰҵľ֮УֱӺΧͬϰ似ˡ
Ҳϰ似ϲ֮УͬȫעҲûʲôעƷߡ
Ʒϵϰʵˣˣֱһҩ֮󣬾ͼ
粻ͣϰ硣
ˣ
ƷһǿֲƲи˿΢΢Ĳ
ˣң
¶˼Цݣ˴ϰֱӽ˵ҵľ磬¯Ҳֻһ֮ңֱԶƤëľ硣
ʵϣ似еĸ磬ԶƤëң¯࣬뻯ĸ֮УԶƤë򵥵ģֻҪһ似ܹϵʩչ˵ѾԶƤëˡ
似ܹȫᣬʹóһѾˣҵ޷Ǿɣʲô似ϰǧٱ飬ܹҵľ硣
¯Ҫ似ĸˣʽ֮ĴѾ¯࣬زʵһ似Ѿǳˡ
ѵǳ뻯Ҫܹһ似ľ裬ǰǳƷʩչħȭʱ򣬱۾ܸоһͷͻ
ʱһ̶ƿŽĲһ˳ǹԭ֮һ㣬ֱӵ㵽˳Ʒǰ
ǱܵģƷ̧־һն

һöĽ
һ˳ǹƱֱӴˣʱƷʱ̧ͷһȴǸߺ־ЦĿԼ˭ء
ߺ־һƷֱӴˣֱӺһֻǹڲаԳԾ
Σ֮бܵķӦʵġ
ʱܹܵԼֵܵһʵһǹȻûȫϾҲҪƷɱǳƷҲڲִ֮εնҲ̸ǽ߾ȫ
ֽ֮УԼһжȫƷ΢һ£жȫ
һʱ䣬˫ϵĲ࣬һĿȻˡ
Ҳ˸ߺ־ĺʤģųƷ˵Ʒɣ쵽˱֮󣬻ûнأ
Сıޣ
ƷҲǲʾ˵
޵㣬ѧĿɲռı˻ѧǹԭǹһǹԭܵУߺ־ٺһЦ˵
֮Ҫȶʱ˰˵Ŀ⣬ʱ󲿷˶ϤԼʱ򣬶˾ȻҪˡ
˶ǰϿľӢ֮һȻǿǼʵҲˡ
˶˶֣֪֪˲ܰսʤóῴ˵ʵ
Ǿ԰ɣ
ƷҲͬԾԾԡ
Ҿˣȳһǹ
ߺ־еɶǹֱһƯǹ֮˲̳һԭǹҲǽԿ죬ٶȷǳ졣
ǹֱӱųƷŶӸղŵĽøߺ־Ҳ֪ԼĺֵҲǷ֮ȫ֣öٹ˼ɡ
ƷҲǲʾеĳֱӳ֣кأһɲǼ䣬ͺһɽһѹ
ƴǿ˫

һ޴ײ˫һβ֮ͬǰûʲô֣ʱͼ
ߺ־еĳǹһˣڸղƷĽ֮У֪˳ƷޱȣԼҲޱȵͣ˭֪ƷҪʤһ
̾͸ı˲ԣͳƷӲƴѡһմߣԼٶȵƷӵ˼¡



˫һ˲չΪҵײʱսЩѧ鶼˵ʵͬ졣
͵似һ磬һƴȴڲͬ˵ϣų˾˵
ЩֻڵѧһĿϾӵĸоֻöǿ


71 ٶʮ
ǲŸո쵽ôȻѾôǿˣӦöǽ˵ҵľ˰ɣкǹ֮䶼ˣ
ȷʵûӦǵˣߺ־Ҳˣ֮ǰ϶϶˽̽˽Ʒ˵ҾһôôѵصҲ˿
˶Ծ۷׷ס
һԭǹ֪˵Ȼر߼һǹǶĿǰ˵ѾǸˣǰһǿԴǹһǹɨ޵У
ԭǹ֮ǰҲ̨ùһʹóԿԭ֮ƷǳѵԷߺ־˽ˣһǹһǹƼһһֱԷΪֹ
ѵõģԭǹǿƣƷȴ˿ңѵصһһ಻ϵĵԭǹԭǹʹˣ
˶ǰ༶ľӢǺ
ۻҵĽ֣ð༶ѾľӢע
ȻΪиеͣܵ˵һˮƽϣʱ似ǿܾܿ˫ֵʤˡ
ǳƷǸߺ־Ȼʶʱ䲻ˣʵֵĻ١
˵ûнֵĻᣬ֮ǰƷʵ͸ߺ־̫ԶˣƷҲ֪֮ȡ裬ڣ˫ʵ൱Ľ־ѵˡ
˫ڱϵֻǸոտʼѣԷһʱֶζ˳
ϴǾ쳣ʮֺÿ
ڳ˶ǵ֮Ȼ۴ĶÿʵʮΣյģ浶ǹʩչ׳⣬һղסɲҾ磬ڵĿƼʮֵķǵܹȵû
˫һ·սϰУЩʽÿһжǳ˫ĲҲˡ
ߺ־һ⵫νýȻʱȴѾȫʪ͸ƴˮһ
ǳƷȴϢƽȣϵĺˮû٣˶ףƷˣɡ
ˣҲòϣһսʮֵľʡ
ڣһսתߺ־½֮󣬳ǹٶˣֱ¶һƷһ˸ߺ־ĳǹȻһ˲ͳ嵽˸ߺ־ĸǰֱڸߺ־ǰͣĵøߺ־оۡ
ܷգ˶ڳƷʵһۡ
ʹ죡ߺ־Цһֻޱȵʹ졣Ȼ֪ҵģûϵҸˣҴʹ죬ȫſִ򣬸뷨֤һΣԼʮζЧԺҿҪ㣬
ߺ־ҲɵϣȻóƷˮ˵ʲôϵأ˵ǳƷȫǿ֮ģֲжֲ꣬
£㲻±Ű޵Ļ;ɣ
ƷҲǺĿ˵
˼ûֿɿˣҲͶ׷ɢԼϰȥˣʮǿѡξǰʱѧУ¾Ͳ߽ˣҪ˴˽֣һֱʤΪֹ
Ǹʱ򣬾浶ǹĸˣ޵ʵսҲˣǵҪץʱ
ܹưصģ϶ٮٮߣٶҲܿ죬һͨѧ¸ѧϰȡ
ҲѧУΪʲôҪֳͨصԭ򣬾Ϊ˶Щ츳ѧչˣͬʱҲչ˵Щ츳һѧһѧƹƽʵ˫һԴ˷ѡ
һ죬쵽ԼĳƷոջصңͽӵзת˵Ϣ˻תٶʮֽ
Ʒ֪Ӧ·诽һöϴ赤ˣӦþϴ赤Ǯ
ֽת֮ûãе˴绰ѯʳƷҪҪû𣬵ʱÿ¿Ҫ໨һ㣬ܹܵķ
Ʒ붼ûֱӾܾˣЩƲ˵ûκ壬Ǯܿ춼Ҫܴ
ҲòпеͷӦ֮죬ûǮʱ򣬸һ£һ㿪ʼǮˣַ񶼻
ڹҵеĵ绰֮·诵ĵ绰ʹ˽Ʒͨһ£һöƷϴ赤Ǯ˽˰һûԼϹ涨İٷ֮Ǯûá
ȻƳԿʵɲʲôһöϴ赤ͨһԭҪѺܳʱпܴͨ·ӡ


72 µĽ
һеĴҩ̱һöϴ赤򶯣ͬ˫ϵ
Ϊ̵ӳˣڵϴ赤ϴأȨƣһöϴ赤ףҪһöƷϴ赤ǲ׵ģЩʽʦżƳ֮⣬ֻʦһİƳ
һöϴ赤Ǹˡ
Щ·Ҳû֪˫Ҫ볤ںֻƻ˫Ĺϵ
ƷҲֻЦЦûж˵ʲôֻҪյǮͿˣϴ赤ʲôǾ·Լıˡ
ǮڵˣӰսҲڿˣӦøϵü֮ǰõ
磬е簡Ʒոտţͼϳĳ棬ŲõЦݡ
һ㣬Ȼˣ
Ʒ˵ͷ
磬ҽ˿Ѿʽ˷ܵ˵ԭ춮µСϴ˿ഺЦݣ˵ңҡ
Ʒһŵı˵
ʱ¶һ飬˵磬һ㶼ģÿţֶЧֻܸ֣
ݼ˲ˣΪëƷ˵
ִһ֮󣬳ƷͻصԼķ䣬ҵϣƷȻΪˡ
Ϊ׬ǮԽԽֻ࣬Ϊҵļ֮ϵЦҲԽԽ࣬ǿЦݣǷĵЦݡ
ҳҪ׬㹻ǮκõĲ
Ʒ
֮˵ԣ˱վ˶˾Ӱ
Ÿոյֵٶʮ򣬼ˮһͻ򣬺ڻжʮҩϰģƽʱԵЩ˲֥ʲôģȻҩЧҲУǸڵľġ
쳤ؾûʼȻˣͬģĸ
һжģ
ƷԷģҪøĸöϺӣκõĲõѧУֲǰʧȥһС
ǰǲܵģȻڣȴпܵģ
뵽Ʒ֮ϴոͻƵڶҪʱ̡
еʱʵ̫ˣÿһÿһ붼˷ѡ
ʮУһ֮Уѧڴϰ似νַ׳ʡ
ʱڳ룬ӰϵĽеıҲϵĽһ󶣶
Լ֮䣬ܹǷı֮УǻĽ
ӰһһݣΪЭȴͬĽý˫һ˳ǹһڳʩչ似ǼΪԲ󣬸ʽл֮䣬
Ѿ似¯ľ硣
ȴǳƷ͸ߺ־˭ء
ߺ־һԭǹΪϬһǹ̳ܹڿд̳ǹ˷ֲ׺ΪӰΪʵʹķ
ò˵ڵĸߺ־ȷʵʮ
һתۣѾǰµʱȥˣߺ־Ͱǰȣ̥ǵı仯ǰѾһ۷ĸߺ־ڳɹ˵ڶصľ硣
ԭǹҲڴԭĵҿ뵽¯ľ磬һУͳƷйϵ춼ҳƷϰƷÿһζƵĸպãպѹסߺ־ȫֲڱѹ塣
ĽҲǼ죡
ȻƷĽٶҲ˿ǵѾ׹ڶΪһɹﵽڶ۷壬Ҳֻһ֮ң
ѵصҲ˳¯ĵز뻯Ҳһ֮ңˡ
ƽȺ͸ߺ־࣬û֪Ʒͬʱڼ޿絶Ŀ絶ҲѾ¯ľ磬뻯Ҳֻһ֮ң
ֵ˾裬Ʒȫ֣ͬʱѹǻܺü·ĸߺ־Ҳһⶼûеġ
ȻУнҲԲֻˣԭ֮пĻֻһֶѣ֮һڣְѾȥһ£󲿷ֶѾʣµһСȻδ룬Ҳֻʱˡ
ڽļһֱ߿֮ǰǵʵмĽΪѰƴѧҪϵΪڻԶء
ڳƷʱ˼Ҳ˳أҲԶˣѾǰ༶﹫ϵİеĵڶˡ
һȻȵŷʦ˵ŷѾأߣԶԶͬѧ
Ʒ͸ߺ־һҵĽ֮󣬾ͣǣеͬѧͣΪˡ
ҲһϢǾ޵ʵսҪʼˡ
󣬾ھбԵ޵ս֮ϡ


73 ʵսǰ׼
Ϣȫµѧ˷ܣߵġ
ϾһβǺ˽֣Ǻ޽ֿ֣û֮˵һɱܾ
ҲȱģǰĻԶԶҪӵĶˣǸʱǿߣܹģһսһ·ɱ߹ġ
ѧУѧϰܹز
֮һǱսЭеı߷һնɱޣ漴óһֽ̤ţַÿһˡһ״սϳˣԼĻѧУǲҪģսǿѡȥǲȥȥˣ͵ýܣܻ״ؼңǵļ໤ǩ֣ǩ֮󣬾Чˣ
ս˲Ϣ䣬ʲôпܣѧУҲܱ֤һûˣ˶ѧУ鷳ѧУͿȥˡ
ΪⲢǿȵģԲȥѡƽ񣬵ȥ˾Ҫе
Ʒӹ״һ£žһЩ֮ģѾҪȥμһεʵսÿһεʵսʵѸ٣һεʵսֻԽԽԶ
μʵսصûвμʵսͨʵҲ
ܹҲֻʣʱˣҪץʱ䣬ڸս֮ǰѵص뻯ľ硣
ֻʱ䣬ǲɵ񣬵ǶڳƷ˵ȴûпԵġ
Ʒһ״˼ĸȻģһ״ǩԼ֣ǰҲμӹʵսҲ֪ʵսգֻǴѧʱڵˡ
ڶӲôСҪμʵսǲɵЩģ
Ҳ֪ϵص࣬ǰϵͨûпɱԣص߳ģϣصѧʮѧĴڣǵϿ׼϶һ˲ͬ
ӣҲûʲôø˵ˣֻսϣʦ̫Զ뿪༶ͬѧ̫ԶԵĻ͸Ͻܣܵפĵطһ˵ʵսҲ̫ԶģҪǵ۹·˷ĳĶ˵
ˣİɣƷ˵ͷ˵
¶ݣųͷսľЩˣҺֲôͷأ˵úúûŻܿҲĵֶһ

֮󣬳ƷͳţС֮е֮пʼ
ִᣬһʱҲͳÿһС֮еıرʩһ϶ѶСڵľ񿪷ŵġ
ԽǺõСʩҲԽá
ȻˣǴʱ֮вٵӰߴ似϶ǳˣʵԶѧУѧҪǿĶˡ
С֮еľ񣬺ܶ˶֪ƷһСҲĸ࣬ʱƷ˵ע⡣
ϳҵСӳƷɣ֮ǰһֱ˵츳ãͨư඼ϣ˭֪һηְ࿼һˣֱӿص࣡
ɲôǶˣ츳Уصĺڲܹһ˰
ص࣬صѧϣǼǸСҪôͺˣ
˭˵أŮҲˣҲҪְ࿼ˣưԺֻܸһѡʵʵϰˣȻִᶼҲȲЩǿ߹ҫ氡
Ʒһ·۷׷ףûзϣһյأͳ˳ʼ
ˣ
ˣ
ˣ
Ʒսն˿֮УһһȻʩչ˿
ɣȻܹʩչ¯ĵزˣҼǵǺӦøոտʼӴ似ûкܾõӣĪϳҵСӹȻǸô
˿ųƷǶˣȻܹóƷĳ̶ȣвɵþ
ϳҵСӽɾͿ²ˣ
ƷҪֻϳҾҪˣ϶ҪȥǱˣ
۷׷ףƷȫȫʩչһÿһжԺ֮и֣ľҲԺ֮Уÿһֶ˳һ̨һڶһ׵з
Ժ֮УһöҲڲϵųâʱȫֱʩչĹ֮У붨״̬֮С
֮ǰ֮УѾ¯۷壬ڣҪһ뻯ľ磬Լʵٽһ


74 ͻƣ뻯
һһƷٶȲǺܿ죬ǵ࣬ϣȻÿһͬмνӵԲûκεķ϶
һ׵һ׵·޾һܿ죬ЩΧ۳ƷھҲɢȥˣȻƷƲôϵؿţҲȷʵĵġ
ܿ죬Ʒٶǵע⣬ΪƷѾϵʩչ˳ʮ
Ƕٵ֪ߵƴ·ӣ֮ʵǷǳġ
һողߣʩչ飬ѾǳˣҪˡ
ߣʩչʮҲͣһ˵
ǳƷʩչ˶ʮֻ΢΢ѣȻԶԶûеޡ
һƳʮ־ˡ
صһһдغ֮ƣƴ֮⣬ÿһڵӣһʩչ˶ʮ֮Ѿʮ־ˡ
ÿһնпϵʮֵĺˣͺÿһܹɽ顣
ν˵ĳ֣޿ɵֵǵһǰģǶ۵
ڳƷ͸ֲֿĸо
ǿ˵ʵҲûѰĵҲǸոտֻµסʱһͻܣ
ûһۻһɽ鱩һкǲֲģһ˵ս˭ῴʩչʮ޶Եģ
Ȼ֮ͬУҲǳˣϳǰͷˣСŮĲҲеľˣ
˵۷׷ףƷû˵ˣҲԶ˵ˡ
оԼ뵽һ֮ľ硣
ֻоͻƾֻǰˣ
ǰĳ뻯֪֮ƣĲϵʩչÿһεоƣ͵ʱԺ֮еһɢһϵƣ;˲õ˻⡣
شʮսĻ磡
һһ飬Ҳ֪ȥ˶ãֻоƷÿһõ˼ǿһһÿһһϰ
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ڿ˳뻯ľˣ
Ʒ䣬ֱӱסˣܷţշ磬ﵽ˳뻯ľ硣
硣
ﵽ˳뻯֮ʩչ֮ǰֹǿһȫֵĻµĸߺ־ֻж֧Ųͻֱսܡ
ʱƷһʱ䣬ȻѾҹʮˣ֪֮䣬ȻһСʱ
ʱѾһˣֻԼϰһ˵СǶʮСʱŵġ
ҲǰԾȻġ쳤ؾûʼǱһĹҪ־õĶˡ
Ѱصĺü
Ǽ೤ҲһСʱĵսͦصģټƴʱֶöˡ
Լһ£ƺԺһöĹϵÿҪֲȥʱ򣬶һʱȫƣͣ־ѣһ֮ľ硣
СʱĶֱӴ¯뵽˳뻯
Ȼܹ뻯ľֻСʱĹϵ֮ǰµĺ
еİƷҲ벻ףڿӦòʲô¡
΢ʰһ£Ʒֱӷ˼ʱ򣬼˶Ѿ˯ˡ
Ʒϴ˸裬ûֱ˯£ʼ鿴һЩҽѧϡ
ǹõĲƣһǰûа취Ļ򲡣Ȼа취ƣȻ۸ȴһͥġ
֮ǰǼҸҲȻڶڳƷ˵ȴпõ
һöϴ赤ٶʮ򣬶ƼöõĲҲеľˡ
˼ϰʦִգԷԼƵĵҩһжѾ׼ˣѾ㣬һʵսϰ֮ƴ׬ǮΪβ
ڲǲ鿴һ´ŵļ۸
ЩϲʲôܣһЩҽԺϡ
Ʒһ£зֳ֣ͨѴһǧңܹòվͬѰ·ܶû⣬Ҳֻˣֲ񾭼ⶼή˺ܾãԲ
һʽƷҪķǧ򣬶ЧãԻָԻָ˵ĳ̶ȣԺһ
ƷȻԥѡ˵ڶֵƷ
ս˫ȭֻҪٹһʱ䣬þֱһһεļ尾ˡ
һжԶˣ


75 ּӢ
ʱգۼţͬ׾Թ϶Ҵߡ
ʮ⣬ַǳЩѧ֮УһűѧЩÿ֪ưصϵѧ
⼸һֱ־ѧż־ηǣǴĳݺʵ
ЩУһԼʮ˼Уһɫɾ䣬һսֻһս˵֮У޷һݡ
ۼѧһӾ˳ǵϵı־δء
ǸǾӰսֻ־￴û뵽ѧУҲ𣡡ѧ־˳ɵþ˳
ȻǾӰսһѣӵ֮˵Ҳҵ
ѧУȻʲôѧУǻвٸģʦֿ֮ǰ֪ЩǮʦ֣
Щһ߶ĲʶҲλгƷ²ðģǿһǰְ࿼˵ʱѾǿưصľӢѧ
ѧۼ⣬ϳ˳ƷϾʱƷҲ㿪ʼˡ
ԭ˵ƽѧôӰսһĸ̶𣬶ˣػΪ˵õһѾӰսҵ
ѧ׷׵ͷһȻģǺܶƽѧǴżֳݣƷֱǵİռĿꡣ
Ҳ˵ƽѧҲ˵˵õʲôŵأҲпܣ
ѧŶһΪ֪࣬Ҳǿпܵԭ
ƷսȺ֮УΧѧΪľӰս۷׷ףһѵľӰսЩѧ˵ֱ񻰰Ĵڡ
ʵƷҲŸոյӰսģǸʵս֮ǰյˡ
ø߿Ƽؽже̫ҾƶɣŵսʮӰսǷ̶ȻӲȶԶʤһսȴֻжʮ
ͬʵߵսֱһ
˰༶ӳǸָıһԴ˷ܵӡ
ƷһȦȻֱӴżֵı٣ǼһɫĻ˸õıûŵıʵսû˻ԼЦƽͥҲ߾ȫһѼʮı
֮ǰĸҲʹƷƷԼа취ܾˡ
λûþʹ˸ߺ־
ۣ˾Ӱ
ߺ־ֳһ˳ǹǹɢŽĹâǹ˸ŷĹâ
ʱųƷսǰһ
֮ǰƷ˵ҪӰսҲֻǾóƷ˵˵ѣϾƷļҾ־ܾԼӦŶԡ
ŸյƷЦЦ˵
漴ߺ־ü˵òǺЩ˾ǩ˰ɣЩ˾ȻǮʹ죬ҪɵĻҪĻΪֵ
֪кܶ˾ϲһЩ츳ȴѧԴǩȻź񣬵ҪҲΣգǲϣƷҲ·
ȱǮԺ˵̫ˣ
ƷЦ˵İɣֲɵа취׬Ǯ
ţ
˵ĹһӰȻȴ˼˭ء
˼˵ͷʾ⣬Ǵʮһģ϶Ҫ׽Ķࡣ
˼һڳΪӣƷƣȻҲ
Ʒȴע⵽˼Ϣֱˣĸǿˣ
ǳƷһ˶еĶˣҲ֪ĵ
ӦͻƵˣ
ȳƷһ
漴ƷҲȻˣһǰķְ࿼ˣ˼Ѿˣһͻƺл΢΢˼ȻѹʦĿ
һᣬŷҲ˽ңһ̴һںĳߵҲ͵·ӡ
һʱͬѧǶ̲סеĳҲǴͷ۸񲻴ھӰսҲҪٶ
˵һỰûã˽ɨһ飬ȷ˶ˣſڵȻˣǾ׼һ£ȥٳϼϣ׼
Ļ˶սеıʵսҪˣǳ棬һսԼ
ڰ೤ŷĴ£ǰٳУʱصһѧѾＯˣ໥ĹϵһӾͱܵĶ
гƷҲ֮ǰʮһͬѧһˣӢ


76 ༶֮ս
༶ѧѾѧУѧ֮еٮٮˣֳַ룬ѧУǱ˴໥໥ٽͼѾˡ
ҲԸ˺
ѧеٮٮߣ˭Ը£
һѧ֮УһԵĺĺģŷڶ֮еĺĵλࡣ
һԼĪʮģ꣬ŷֻͬеȣϵϢȴŷȻҲһ
Ʒ˵һİ೤ڡ
ŷһ֮ǰѾѧУķˣѧУﶼǷëǵ֣ѧУƽ༶ʵ棬Ҳ˹ġ
Ҳ˵ڵһЩ飬Ϊ˷ǺܺãŷȻ°ܵ˵ãǰʱԼйϵѧУɣò磬ѧ۸ƷۿһΣԱܵͶûʲôøС
ʵҲûй
ܿ죬Ʒ͸оһݺݵĿ⣬̧ͷһǷӢ
Ʒֻ΢΢һЦƺȫûнӢǶݺݵĿϣ÷Ӣŭ
˼꣬ڶʱһǰһĸо漴һת˵ŷҺҲкܳʱûн˰ɣ
ôûṻôŷǺ˵ԼڣûκεĺøС
֮һĨݵɫ漴ֿ˵ÿζҽ֣Ƕû˼ѧУѧеľӢֳ༶ǸԴһ༶ҲӦ֪˼ѾһˣǻûкúýڣʦûʱǱԱԣǶǿһǿ
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ҲЩԾӢڰܸ֮ǵûǷȥʵѸ١
ȻСκһˣ
˵ĽкУȻƷϣսˣֻмֵʮжѡ
ҵֱ۸նһѪ죬Աæжѧǰܿ죬˿ھͿʼ衣
Ӣͬѧ֮佻ֳ֣ʤҲˣαŪѪ죡ʱߺ־ǰһ˵
ĶĶߺ־Ϊưһȥʲôȥʵսʱ޽֣Ѫʮǻ˵ģ
ӢסĳЦƺڳߺ־ĸ֮һ
ߺ־üͷ΢˵ҵ˼ģղҲˣնһҲӮˣϾҪˣʲô
ӢЦһ˵ˣܹ˭ԹҲû˵˭ȥʤߵģ
Ӣ˵꣬һ֮кܶ˶Ц¶мɫͬѧ׷¶˼ֱߵ顣
༶һκԼ˵ȫΪһ壬ʵҲѧУְĿģԼĶ
ߺ־ôҲҪô֮ҲԽһ£ӢƵĿ˸ߺ־˵
㲻ɣ
ߺ־Цһ˵
ߺ־ǹ˳УһǹָŷӢɣ
֮лԹ֮ǰͬΪʮһͷ֮һĶˣû
ǾͿˣ
ӢһȣȻֳֳȻһǰ
Ϊ֪ԼǶ̱ߺ־ǳһ룬Ǹߺ־£һνν
ߺ־Ҳǵ֮̾ͷӦ˹־һǹ̳
Ȼ˫ֱӺݺײһ


77 Ʒ֣˵
֮ǰӢ֮սڵķӢ͸ߺ־֮սԾҪӼҵĶˡ
˵ʵӽӽӢѾڶأߺ־Ҳڶصʵ
һʱ䣬˫ıڿеһڸ濴
˫̶ʱͽʮУ˶Ϣ´ÿһϸڡ
˾༶ľӢϣصѧˣ֮ǰѾͬˡ
ӢĽϬǸߺ־ǹȴߴ󿪴֮ƣʤơ
Ʒ˫࣬ܿͷ˲ԣ
ʱ˫Ŀɨһ˫ɨԺ֮УȻ飬ǵսƷǿַʽ纣һս顣
ⷽ棬歶޳Ʒʵս֮죬ֱˡ
ǳƷ֣˫սԺ֮սģͲһܵѡԺ֮ԶսģͣΪûг
֮󣬳ƷʱˣĶӢ֣
ȻƷոûжã֮Ѿֳʤߺ־һСģͱӢˣһľҪս
ǷӢģһݳֱӳŸߺ־´ȥ
¶˼Цݣ֮ǰһֱѹţڵô
ڵȵˣ⼸ԹҪһꡣ
ߺ־Ҳʶһ㣬Ӣ̫ˣֻҪѣҪش
ʱһѸǹۣ˭ܹ
ѧУȷʵѧ֮˽ﶷŹ˫Ըд裬ֻҪˣصĺһ㶼ǻһֻ۱һֻ۵ġ
Ϊһ϶ܲʱȴֻһӢһסˡ
ȴ֪ʲôʱ򣬳ƷѾڳˣԱʷסľӰսסһ
ʱ򣬸ߺ־Ÿովȣ
ƷҲ֮սӢԼһûд̵ߺ־ϣʱŭɶŭ
սȻѾֳʤбҪôôƷ˵ʵʵ಻Ϊһɣ
ʱ˶׷׷ӳ˹֪ӢĿģһ֮кܶ˿Ӣ۹ⶼˣǶʤ˼Ϊ˻ʤñսֻͬѧֲĵˣʵΪ˻ʤΪشԷҲúܶвݡ
ΧѧԼ񶼱ˣӢʱŭˣԴǵд軹˵ңڳôҪܣǶĶôһϣ
ӢĳҲöܶѧʼˬŷüͷҲ΢
أȴ˵Ҳд裬ɲ԰ɣˣŷǶĶֻɫôҶǺʧ
ڣҲ˼˵أǵ˭֪Ǿɣŷ˵Ļػ
ڵɫ΢΢ǵͨ죬֮Уɫ֡
Ȼǰ༶д裬һɣڸߺ־ҴˣӢôƷ
֮ǰͿ˷ӢĴ㣬ûпѸߺ־Ϊд裬ǼȻߺ־ѾˣͲ÷Ӣһش˸ߺ־
һʵˣͲֻˣҪҽԺˣ϶һεʵսʱߺ־ֻҪ˵Ĳ࣬ǷӢĿġ
սôǶǺģӢЦһ˵
ս㣿Ҫ㾡ϢָҲռˣƷֱ˵Ŀ֮˸ŭ𣬶Ϥ˷ӢĿģеŭͰ಻ס
󣬸ߺ־սǹû뵽ԼȻܸӢЩشμӲʵս
һսĴ̼̫ˣ
ãõĺܣ
ӢЦţֹ˺һָĵȻ˳Ʒ˵εɣһΣҪǷҵģֻ
ε㣿ã
ƷĮĿ˵
õ
ӢоõƷ֮еĲм䣬һɲǼ䣬Ѿɱ˳ƷǰˮкһֱӳųƷĲ֮ɨ˹
Ը㣬йˣ
Ʒ䣬еıڵ֮еĳͺɨ˳ûгʣٶҲ졣

ӢĳƷĵײһȻֻǵʣȴǲ˺͵һĲ϶ɣҲⲻסĳ
ˣһ£ӢʱоһɿֲĹ͸ײĵطֱĽ֮ϣЩղסеĳ
Ȳסɵúһжȥһɹ
ôô󣡡
Ӣκˡ


78 ˵У
ֻǸոճν֣Ӣ͸оһɹԼҪղס
ȻһκͳƷѾֹǸʱƷɣԶûʱԵÿ£ǰ󲻹һ¶ѡ
һУ
Ʒֻޱ³֡
Ӣ𾪣֣ɵôŭԸԼôҲǰ༶ѧУľӢƷΪҲ൱ѣھȻҪаֱ̫
ӢһסΣȻһһƬ˵ĸܹڱ֮ϣñĹӡ
һܹ˱ٶȸ죬ǿ
Ʒûʲô飬Ѿ𣬵ȻһնֱӾͽӢնޣӢȻǻ˲̫Ҿĵʡ

ʺݺ˷Ӣĳ֮ϡ
ˣ
һֲٶɢӢֱۿʼҵĲ˺ü
ڳ˶һĻв˶ֻõһУÿһζǷӢȽӦռϷŶԡ
ǳƷŲæһֳֵֻѹ˷Ӣ
˶ɵ˭ǿ˭ȻǿóģֻҲųƷ˵ģоܹܷӢ
Ѿˣ
ô
֮һĨ֮ɫ˵
һ˼꿴ƷҲʼע⵽ͬѧʼƷͲֹһչֳ죬ⲻһΰˡ
ڶУ
Ʒ³֡
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ʱ֮ǰһֱֻǲϱеĳƷڵһγˡ
һֱһɽһն
㳯ŷӢ
Ӣʧɫ֯ʲôæٽֵ

һ޴ĽӢеĳ˲˳ȥӢղסĽˣսĻڶˣѪ졣
ֱ۶ױˣ
ƷĵȥƲݺ䵽˷Ӣؿϡ
أ
Ӣҽһ嵹ɳȥ׶࣬ݺݵ˵ϣϺһ۵ش
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˿һĻֻõһһȻֻеʣϣжۣҲĵ
ٿƷʱ򣬶ɵ÷׷׹Ŀ࿴ֿ湻ݵģ˾ǳƷʵ
ӢѾصеľӢλܶѧͿóˣʵȷʵ
ǼӵȻƷлܡ
˵УУ
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ֲĵҲûֳʲôֲȴֵ쾡ˣ
ǳ˵츳ˣжѡЩ츳ˣЩۻ˼
Ƭ֮һѧ׷׷ӳ˹æӢ̧һߣźһ㣬۵شˡ
ƷȻõʣǴѪ۵ĿȺȾͿԿжˡ
ѧǷ׷׻
֮ǰӢˣޱȵıڳƷɴĻ˷ӢҲǺݺݳһڶܹܲ⿴һɡ
ģݺݸҳһڶߺ־һĴָղűӢܵһɨա
ôڣŷüͷһ˵
ʲôôǲӮһֶѣ
ڵʾ˵
ʤ˵һǿ
Ʒһһ˵ӮһֶѣҴսһĸָ̣
ʱƷĻס˴һѧղŷӢĲ״Ѿ˾ӣǰˣɲʲô֮
ƷɨһһѧȻ󿪿˵ôѵû˸ô
һѧƺܹӳƷƽϿһĨǾȻӦսĵӶûˡ
һԵˮƷӣǲӣ˵רŴ
Լŷ˵˶ԼԼ³Ҫ³ݺݽѵһ
ڣоԼ˵һѧ֮Уһ̲ס˳ˡ
ս㣡
һеȵ꣬мִֿһ޴Ϊ䣬Ʒ֮гŲƵɫ


79 ʲô
ƷСģǸһܴģСĵ㣡
ʱߺ־ڱ˵
Ʒʵû̫עЩˣΪǸʱ̫ͨˣ̫ѰˣЩ˵ĲԶ
ߺ־ȴͬЩÿһδľ֣صѧޣǵˮƽв࣬϶Ǿ֣˶ע
һҲһ༶ķ
ߺ־ֻͣüͷһȻƵĿ˳Ʒ
ǳƷЩȤĿ˶Ϊ츳ʵǣΪʼĹϵʿ˵ͬĺüԲŻһ츳ļ
˵Ǻ͵ģô־ҲѰΪĽ֣õʣֻҪɳӵС
֮е˼ҲǾóƷҲ츳ͣս˼
ƷǸǳޱȣһıᣬ̫ʹߵֱȴȫ෴ߵľƴ·ӣʺЩ츳ˣܹǵȫ
ڵһʱһ޴ײ˶ɵͷһвɵþô
֮ǰƷֳܴͬ󣬵ԶûԵֱۡ
ϢҲռˣƵĿųƷ˵мִ
ãʰʲôƷҲ˵
ԱߵķӢģƷǿΪһʧߣȴûκΰ취ֻһҪݺݵĽѵƷ
ãе˼Ƚһһֱӷ磬ȻѸײڶ֮ƳųƷ
ѧһͣǶֻܶ㿪Է棬ǳƷȻġ
㶼û㣬һֻᵶǲʣԵӭȥ
һֳֵֻһʱֱֱӱϾ͹ֲˣ⣬·ѾܹԼʤӺͳƷֱ۱ʱģ

Ȼͬϣһξ˵ײȻȫͬ
һʼĺ࣬ȻƷҲܴ󣬵ǵֳֵԿ˫ֳģֱ۲ϣҲҪԴ
ȻʵȴǳƷ̧ԵʵסһĹȻܲǴӾ޴ײҲܲ²ĳ
Ʒ̩ɽ̸ȵڴϣ˿ֱҲǶҲ
ʲôôܣ
ɴ۾ȫһǵûϳƷֱۣһ¶
һ˲䣬͸о˴һ˴ĿֲЩղס
໥ģ۸ˣһͬģһûУЩһС
е˼
ƷЦ˵
֮ǰܹоԼʺǿǿʲôزȴûһֱ۵ĸôһԵڣԡ
ղҽһҲһ
ƷһȣȻһֱն
е˼ʱоԼСˣȻе趯ӭŵֱȥ
ȻղųһЩСãǴԼԭ򣬸ûԼȲϳƷ

һξ˵ײٳ϶һξ˵ײ
ѧײѾе²ˣ۾ֱͷײһ
ͬʱޱȵĽһĸԽãߵԽԶ˶ףǲŸĽ츳ˡ
һײ濴ʤ˶ˣ˫֣õƴıƷֻǵ֣õĵҲǺأѾˡ
Ȼʱе˹˲뷨ƷֲĹͬʱҲûʱ롣
ĳƷǸҪϢһһն



һһεײûʲôʽļɣ˫ʱߴһʮ·ӣó򣬶ƷʱҲʤֱӷ˻ĵԴԺ䡣
սʽȻûлĿʽȴѪڡ
˫ʮ֮һѵأѪ˫΢΢ղסˡ
ʤѷ֣
˶𾪵ĿųƷʲô


80 ˭
һսʤ˶ķһƴսȻǳƷӮˣѹԵƣƷֻһֻ־ʹ˫۲ڱѣԺòˡ
ˣɵÿڣЦݿɬ˵ԭΪھԵϣûܹԼᲢۣȻ죬еĽƷһ˴ˡ
ǿиǿ֣
ͬʱһսҲԼĶ̰壬ǰΪ˵ǰ೤ԼֶԼӲҲö̫ˡ
˳Ʒȫѹ˵ʱͺް취ˣ似ĻҲ˱ˣռƵ»бѡ
Ȼ֪ҲǳƷĶ֣Ϊ似棬ƷƸ
˭Ʒֱֳ˵֮еľӰս˵
ĿЩһѧӣȫǱƷƵˡ
ǷӢѾ༶һŵٮٮˣ˰೤ڣ˭˵ܹʤǣôɡ
ʱĳƷսһ㡣
̫ڿһĻɫࡣ
Ʒںݺݴ֮ǰҪŷ˫༶ĸֶԾڳƷһ˾ʹһû˸Ӧ
ʱüֱ̫
ڡڡһվҪ³ʲôƨĹأںˡ
ʱһŲȻӰȺ˲ٳϣ˸ģ
һǶİ䣬Աߣһߣӣʽһİν塣
ˣѧʼЩ˽ȶȻѧУһ㶼һֻ۱һֻ۵ģǻһֱץеĸо
˵һĸߴһԲѵӣԼĪŶʮ߰£һֲŭĸолһֻ֮ơ
ڸʲôǰһһˣǿ˳˵ļˣʱһ˵
ҲǰһüͷӳЩѪ˽ȶˡ
оòˬǣӳһǰ·硣
аգһǾĽ̹٣αֱһͶİΣнϾ˼
༶֮ıȽʵ˵ıȽϣһȻˣȡ鷢չḶ́ǲûĻðɣҲˣԷһ˱Ƶȫ඼ͷڹ꣬ҳͷ
ֿһ۳Ʒѧĺܣ֮ǰҲûעͻȻһӾðˡ
Ȼͺöˣѧ֮ıȶдƽƷȫʤȻǺܺõģȴֳܱ
иǾһע⵽ƷǰǸʱƷǳո¶ͷǣչֳ似ϵľ츳Ҳͽ˶ˣû뵽£һ˾һ֣Ƶһ˸³Ӧս
Ȼһ೤û³ƷһսҲ㹻ˡ
ǸֻϹżЦݣ˿Щѧٺ¶ݣѵܺǾô
ûǶСӹҼң
е˼лһ´Ӧöˣ
ʱ˲ŷ׷׽Ŀ۵˵ϡ
ǸҲӳǿ˵λͬѧãμ棬ҽһ£ҽѦǶоһ۾ˣУһѧУ𣡡
ѧǺܶעµ˶֪ɲף˵ҲǴһЩѣȻѾУˣһ͵ģʿ٣ξģѾǲˡ
ֺѾλӸλˣбȻ߼֮
ƷĿѦֱѦǳΣպͿֲҪİ䣬Уµһ
ԴԺ֮жһֱ֮ⷽʹûд¶Էصٺã
ҿǰ˼д裬ͦõģлһ´޵ʱеʱйǶľѦ˵ҲõģΣյĻӻɣӦǲʲô̫ǿ޵ģ
ǳ٣ǿҪô죬һս𣿡
ģиѧֿʵ
Ǿ͵ɴ۾ĶӣıȽϣ
Ѧһ˵ȴѧǵһЦ


81 ս
ѧǵĺЦѦûЦޱ飬ǿɲ˵ӣʵ
ЩѧȻѾͨеٮٮߣվҲֻ֮Ļ䡣
ܿ죬ѧҲѦı飬Цݶˡ
ʶԣ
Ϊ˵ô˵ʵǿޣֻһֺѦ˵ɱޣԶҪΣգпƼƣҲܹȫȡϷ磬ۼһŵʿ޳ֱûһ˻ûз
˵ЩҪʲôԽУҪСģʵսϷǶͨѡγľӢÿһܹɳڣףΪԼĴ⣬
ֿ˼֮ƺûмŻЩѧĴˣֿ˵Ҳ̫ģΪսҪǾӷģӦҲ̫ǿޣ֮Ǿɣ
Һܿǣǽ߿ʱ򣬿ѧΨһĳ·ͬʣ߳ĴҲӦöΪţҪҶܣеٮٮߣʮѧҵҪ
ѦĿŵǽţǽ廹䶼ûκηӦǾǴӾģҲѦĻʲôԡ
ѧУҲܣΪѧУֻǸ˲ţѧѡ񿼴ѧǼӣǶǸ˵ѡ
þӰæѧȥʵսӿţ˲ţ³ôôܡ
ʵвٵѧĶģصУܹصѧҲֻһֶѣ˵ʮУǾ͸Ƿëǣڣŷϵٮٮߣδϣ
˿ϴѧ֮⣬ȷʵҲһͷص·
٣ǽӣܽĲôѧʵ
ѦЦһ˵ûѧߣҪѧܵģҪҵĲӣҵ£ǵǾеľӢٮٮеٮٮ߲ϣЩʱ񣡡
ԣûʧʮֺ棬ѦʲôӳȻôţơ
ѦҲûиǽͣΪʱֱӽһܴ͵ֱӴֱ˲ٳϡ
һͨںɫһֽеĹ󣬻ͣϿѧ״
Դһٶǰʽ֮󣬷оѾϡˣɻɽҲҪֱܵӾͿԴֱ𽵣õķɳõҲǷеģʽ
ˣˣǶɣὫֱ͵бԵս
Ѧ˵
ڵĶĻ֮һΧڶΧǳǣŶУ˾о޾ͳŵ
ھΧ޵սûֹֻͣѰѾ̫ܲ˶ѡ
ƽʱҲѰ˿ս
ѧŽһȻ༶ѧܶ࣬һٶˣһȻֱӵ˾ѧ
֮󣬺ܿ죬ʹֱɣһֱ߿֮УȻֱӿȫ٣žȥ
оһֻܹӲӹİƲܹܵԼŷǰС
Ȼ֮ǰ˵ЦһŵӣǴʱ˻ٵĶʼ˽ţǿǻ˵ʵսǲòȥʱҪΪྫӢѾֻɳˣҪȷѪϴ
ٶȷǳ죬ǷʮӶѣѾ˾ѾܹӷɻϿʼϡϡַ˼ӣһ޴ķ߸˵ǰһԸֽˮɵĳ͵ĳǽߴϰף֪ֻܿޱ߼ʣ쵽ʵľͷ
жоޱȵ𺳡
չȴһǽϣǽ֮ʮһǽǾıϡ
ɳ˳ǽܹһﱤܲϣʱʱһ³һһޣиȱڷ
һмһƬﱤм䣬
֮ǰѦÿ϶ַһֻҵֻҪƱܺãǧܶˣΪսеǽģޣ̫ǿޣֱ˻صǽһߣЩ޾ͻᱻ赲סǵǽֱݵķʽֻϵֻֻʧǾͽˣоǱ̫ԶǼԮϲ
ˣʣµĻҲ˵ˣǵİҲˣ·ɻɣ


82 һʵս
˶ӹֻֻϣŶ˷ɻ
ԶԶĿԿһƬյأյصԼ幫ĵطԶһ޴ıݡ
¿Ƽѻսݣȱϵ¶ܶ޶޷ͻݵķ
Ǽ᲻ɴݣ
Ȼڲ޳£޳ôֻЩݶزס
Ҳ֪˶ٴ޳󲿷ֶӵסˣҲûеסʱ򣬵Ĵ۾һе䣬ǧΪ޸ʳ
ÿηʱȻ󲨣
мһôһǸģｫΪǵսȹһʱ䣬м䣬ῪĻǽһ֧˻Ļǽ棬ֻҪǴǸֻͿͨĻǽѦ˵
ѧǶ˵ͷıϡ
Ʒм䣬˵ĻǽвῪΪѰ޳ʵҲ岻ݽʮȫλĻΨڷ޳ʱ򣬲ҪĻǽΪܶȵ޳˵飬ǵأ羪κ˵ĳֱݵĻȫҲ
ʱͱҪĻǽˣ
˺ֳܿ࣬Ȼͽͷ
ڰһЩ֮Ѧܿ뿪ˣӸλȻûôĿʱ
ʮ˵ҲֻһͨĸУ뵽Ѧǳ֮ˡ
Ѧȥ֮ſ˵ǰսҺһĽʦڲԶѹǾüֲסͷصĻǽߣҲѲӣҪ뿪Ļǽ̫ԶбҪǿС£
ڽһЩ֮˾ʽɢˡ
ԶԶܹһЩޱϮмûлĿհ׵ش
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Ҳ֪˭һ˷׷ȥ
һٶѧֲⷽԲʮĿյ֮ϣǰҲ׵ľ룬̶Ƭ֮Ѿϵˡ
ǶΪģζڵΪ㲻ʲôÿһԾֱʮ׵ľ룬ʱõԶھҪʰ·硣
ƷҲֱӳ˵Ļǽʱ͸оһϢڵĻǽǰԶʮͷǻԶԶĿţһ˫˫ӣĶסǡ
ڿʳһ
ⲢûóƷڵѪЩ޽ǵֺγǽЩ޵
ȺУںŷһȳ˳ȥ໥Ͼһͬʱһͷޡ
ѧǶʱЩ޽ˣ֮ǰδЩ޽ֹЩɱƽʱڲдһ¡
Щ춼ǴӸɱ֮ģһ֮ÿһޱȣֱҪ
ոս֣мѧץˣæ˺ȥȥˣһʱ䣬ԵЩæҡ
ֻһЩѣԶԶģӰֶĿӥһѲš
ͽˣԶԶ׹ѧǵһΣգͻһʱ֡
ЩѧɱǵĴöˣǵʱʲôʱ˵н̹ںѹģܣ
΢΢һ˵
ǱϾʿ㲻ָǺʿһ·ӣ
俴ѧæҵı֣һĨЦ⣬˵ٵʱȻʱھһѵһսæңսϰ೤ѵĸһ
ڣЩҲˡ
ЩѧɬԶûʲô飬ǵҲȹʱѰ˺̫ˣһЩǰͨϿ϶ľ棬Ƕܻ
Ҳû֣Ȼ϶һЩ˻ˣʲôȱ첲ȣڵĿƼԶ֫ʲô⡣
Щѧδ۶ܲˣûбҪԴ˷ǵϡ
ĿһЩӢѧϵʱ򣬲ɵĵ˵ͷ
ڣŷֵĶǿȦɵ㣬Ϊע˼ҲܾˣΪ˵ڻŷҪһЩǳ侲һͷײеҲû˿Ļҡ
ǰ˼겻Ĵ࣬δǰ;
˵Ŀתսĳһʱ򣬲ɵ۾ֱˡ
ԱߵҲͬĿתȥʱҲһ㵵顣


83 εľ̾
ǵĿһӰһͷ޽ֵĳ
ǸǳƷڳƷǰһͷͻһޣޣߴңƷҪ߳һͷ׶࣬ͻֻһ̳ȫܲ״ۼףС
׻
˵ͫ΢΢һΪһպյޣԭϵϻ죬γɵһޣ׶Ľ׻ûг꣬Ľ׻׶ߣǰֹһͷʮףʮףֻһ޳оһƳֱӸһŵӡ
ڵĽ׻ҲЩѧܹԸ˵ġ
Ϊ׻νýݣȫܲһƬˡ
˵ڳôѧ޵УûһͷȵϽ׻ġ
ǵĵһӦǸȥԮҲӦ˹ˣΪǿƵޣƷȻû·硣
սϣѧٹǵޣھæң˼֮󣬶ʼĽкǿסǰޡ
Ҳбֵĺõģŷڣ˼ˣܹһ֮濹ǰޡ
Ҳֻܹѣ·磬Ҳκε˶ޡ
ȻƷȴһģľӰսûгʣԭͽ嶼ֻ̫дˡ
ϸһƷȻӰսûгʣÿһȡ
Ȼֱն˽׻ϡ
˶Ǵɱ֮гĸ֣Ȼ⿴Ѱһе̺İ
һնն޵Ҫϣϡ棬ϡÿһնͬһطֱն˽׻ǰצļλá
ÿһǣûκƫ۽׻ʲôʲôλãһնͬλá
˶ףⲻҪ׼˼µİѿͬʱҲҪһ˫ӵмΪֲ̬۾ܹ׽׻ÿһȷжϡ
СӣǰϾȻĺ
̾ǾϵҲУҲͺ
οƷıȷʵоǰһֻΪ˶޴ĽڽڰˣҲǿ⣬ֻгƷ׻ĲϺˣһһˡ
ȷʵֵĲ
ĿڳƷϣֻǼ򵥵սܹܶĶȥھӵľӵ޷ӵеķḻս顣
Ӧ츳ٶҲܺãնô൶ģЩǻʣǿٲˣ򶼺ѺЩޱȣСӵĵòѾ˳뻯ĵز˰ɣսֱǵһʵսˣ
岻ϵķһһľ̾
ӦòˣҲ¯࣬似ȷʵ츳սҲһ߿һߵͷ˵
óƷܴ󣬵ȴҲûдܹһֻѹ׻ĵز޵ͺܴ󣬺ο׻еٮٮߡ
ע⵽˳Ʒÿһնͬһط㽣׻ȫܲƬˣôʮϰٵնͬһطֻǵʣҲֲܿˡ
Ǹۼ״ʱѾȫˣġ
սİգֱսʿһߵǵкص·ӣʵ򽲾಻಻صȫ˳ÿһնڽ׻Ѿδʱ򣬽׻ٴסˣӲʲôأ岻ɵøЦ˵
ǳƷһֳֵֻܹ׻Ľڽڰ˵ڣƷʹ󣬶׻ȴһӲÿҪͱƷһնڼͷ޷
ԲŻȫһ浹ս档
Ʒķʵ̫ȶˣֱһһҲ£ÿһնͬһطҪǿʡ
֮ǰ˵˼д࣬ڿƷҲһд˰
Ǹӣϴѧ˷ˣӦͽӦúܹܿӱͷأ
ҡҡͷ˵ûãѾˣûȤҪѧ뿼ʮУɣ
ôףͨѧУһܳһʮУѧǶҪոˣʧ֮Ҳü÷
ҡҡͷȻóƷҲʮУܿʮУģͿ϶ᾫӢධ֮ţٮٮ֮еٮٮߡ
أʱǳƷԵնһɨһƬѩס


84 絶ͻƣ׻
Ӱսһ֣һƬѩ׵ĵ˸Ʒĳ֮ǰһ޶׼նһͷ׻ǰצļͷλá
ͣ
һĨѪųѪ˲罦˳
ƷһЩ׻ǰצ׻ȫܲżӲۼף֮ǰѧУս¾ĺƿ׻ķ
þӰսҲЩ
ӰսȷʵһںõҲ˭ѦУһͿԽһͷڵĽ׻룬ȻƷû־˵Ĺ
ԳƷûһֱӽӰսʣԵʽ׻Ƭ飬֮֡
ҲһܹõˣһҲûܹõ
Ѱ׻ֻսˣŻˣ׻Ƭ޷նƣκεˡ
Ƕ˵׻ȷʵѶԸ֮еٮٮߣ͸Ľ׻ˣ˳Ʒ˿һͱ׻شˡ
ڳƷ˵̶ֳȵս⣬ڵǿ󣬷͸һ׻룬ԶۿͽεУȴʮ־˵ıˡ
꣬ԼƣȻһ˾ѹ˳ѶԸĽ׻ս
Ʒ׻˵֮˶һֻҪƷСһЩԱûʲôˡ
ѧܲһΣǰʮһϯ֮أ˵
ҿҲ࣬ǲ֪ܹߵʲôزˣںѧЩصѧˣʮгһõѧɲװ˵ͷҲе㿴͸Ʒˣոע⵽Ʒʱ򣬳ƷûôǿŹ¶ѣȻܹѹŽ׻ˡ
νҲӶѣĿˣ
ͬʱƷһնǰצĵطѪ罦˳׻ʹŭ𣬵ǸӼеԣϵ֮ǰֻۼױƷ飬ǰצЩѷˡ
ǵһʱҪһҧƷ
Ʒ죬һ䵽˽׻Ǹ˿ϣһֲ
ʱƷ֮ǰһٶ൶ļӳ֣ʩչʱÿһǿĿ¡
ֻҪƷͿԲϼӳȥȻԽ棬ԽĵҲҪͬʱӣ޶ȵȥҲֲס
𣡡
׻ֱӵڵϲϵΪһǰצֱӱƷˡ
Ȼˣ˲ð˲ãʵ൱ֻҲ̶ֳȣɴ۾˵׻ʵ̫ѶԸˡ
ͬͷҲΪ𺳡
𺳣Ʒȴ̫⣬о׻ȻԶԸ뾡취þֶΣȻֻնһǰȡ
ޣûԶԸ
׻ֻڵϴһȻѾܹƽˣҲܹȫվ츳ޣԶһҪ̫ˡ
һ֮һͷ׻ʱʵΪΣյģν̶ǰ˷֮ǰеĽ׶ζΣա
һСģֶص
ݣ
׻һӷ֮ǰҪϼ֣ƷоӰսֱ˽׻ϣ׼ޱȡ
һĨѪֱ˳׻Ʒһն˳ȥԽһֻڽ׻ĶͷһѪѪ۶ѣȻ˵˽׻ȴҲûش
ƷֻоԼֱ΢΢飬Դ֮󣬽׻Դ࣬Ȼֱ۶΢΢飬ѹ޵ҪԶҪֲĶˡ
ȴ֪ڱŸֲһЩֳֵס׻ǲǹ
ȻˣҾֻܸİ취ˣ
Ʒһֱ˦һ˵ĵâε۾ˣѸײڶ֮˽׻ĶͷϣŸղŵһѪϡ

һֱӽ׻ĵ˶ȥͷϵ˺ܶ࣬Ĺͷ϶ѷˡ
һδƷһֱ
磬һ˲䣬·նһƬĵӰĵӰ֮ɢµʱֶȫ䵽˽׻ͷϵһѪϡ
˿̣Ʒƽһǰδе״̬Ѿ¯Ŀ絶ٽһ
¯ͻƵ˳뻯
䣬׻ͷ­ըѪ£ڵ£


85 ʵսʮɱ
ͷ­ѿڿԿڸղţƷĵն˽׻ͷ­ĴԽ˳һŽ
Ȼ׻˵װݣȻĴվҲΪĵط֮һһĴȣҲûʲôֱһȥһܹնϡá
ˣƷ΢΢һ˵նĵطһͷ׻пƾǿһΨնڴϣǾûпбQĿˡ
ƷĺҲ˺ܶ࣬󱳶һƬһԵĻǽ׻պޡ
Ȼֵķǳ侲ǿԼ侲ЩɳѾľ侲
սոսȻһĸо
ʱľ񻹳ڸղŵͻ֮Уڸղŵһ֮Уڽ絶ͻƵ˳뻯֮С
뻯һ־ĸһָо
Ʒ¯Ѿкܳʱˣȱľһһͷ׻Ǹṩһ
ãƷڳһָѾаգԼĿ絶ܹȵվڳ뻯ľ֮С
ս˲٣˿ϵĽ׻֮вɵеʹģЩɶǮղŴһ£һͷڵĽ׻ʬҲʮļ۸񣬽׻ϵƬףأǷЧܺãһҲĺòϡ
׻฻Щϵⶼ̺дڵķܹǱĬĸʡ
ҲһֱǸҪɲ֣ԽǿޣЧȻҲԽãҵĺӴСǳЩ޵ⳤ󣬵ȵˣʲ࣬ҲѰ˼ҵĺҪǿĶࡣ
ῴƽȣʵһʼûƽȹĽ˵Щˣǵ˷ܶһյˡ
Щ޵ʬ嶼ھӵսƷȻѧУƾʲôþӴ󿪷֮ţҪ򿪵ǽҲС
Ʒֻ΢пһ£ͽͷ˦Դûˣ⻹Σķս
ңԼܹһ˫֣ıԼͼ˵ˣ
ʱ֣Ҳ֪ǲǿѪԽԽޣΪһΣûбݽĻԽԽԼԼĳԶ
Ʒ֪һεʵսŲǸոտʼѣ
뵽һֱӳһͷɱ˹ȥ
һڣѦ͸شսϲɱһƬѧǺǣ΢΢һһȺѣΪĲԴԴϵĲϣһܶɹô
漴ѦַԸϸŵ㣬ЩǿҪɱս֮⣬ҪǶ˼ˣЩ˻ַˣ
ǣ
սɱʱر죬ܶʱһҵɱ֮󣬾ѾǴ֮ˡ
һսǽƣֱ˵Ļǽ֮һҴ˯һּ֮ս
ûͣ͵ʱҲû˸ͣͣҪں޲ߣǶʵսĻᲢѧУҪ˵ͨӸǿţҲҪٴ۵ġ
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Ƕϧᣬһתۣʮʱȥ
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ʮЩѧϻٶżƣոʱĹҲǾԣôһˣͷβһ˶ûܹ
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ΪһеŮ˼ıּΪɫʮʱ֮Уնɱʮͷޣ˲ļΰˡ
֮⣬۵ľǳƷˣΪһ˶ûйȺնɱ޾Ȼ˶ʮͷ˼Ҫͷ
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Ǽ֮⣬ǿҲնɱ˰ͷޣһʮλĶûС
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ҲֻгԷˮʱ򣬲Ż᷵صĻǽ档
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еޱȣеƴ޾ͬ
ÿһͷսԼĽܹ࣬ݶԷĽıԼĽ࣬ԳƷʱʱʱʱصսһĳ±ˡ
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ʦ²ãЩʶĺΧǣҪһ򾡣ǿ֧Ԯ
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ȥԮ֪ͨפ֮Ž˵˵˾֮ͬһӶ
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88 ȥ
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Ʒֻһͷ׻ǰצһݣȴûа취նƽ׻Ƭ
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90 սͻƣ
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һ޴ĺƷȻ޷ͽ׻Ժ䣬ǽŷ֮ƷֱӺ˳ȥ㿪һצ
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ÿһλζܹܿԭܱܿĹԶԶȥν
ƷԼǲôãֻޱȵĳ죬һնϰٵ֮ڣһ㱡ͻˡ
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91 ȣĻ
أƷǴ־侲״̬ҲܹоԼʵһأԴԴϵǿࡣ
ĹѰۺÿһ۷ҲѰҪѵĶ࣬һͻƣʵҲ
ʱɹ˲Щֻ뺨ĴսȻǽ׻Ķ֣˿ֱ
ԼȴоãһȻնϰٵɲնģʩչ˵󣬶ҪҲǼߡ
ƽʱ۵òˣʱȴһȫƣ״̬״̬޵С
ʱÿ飬Ψսսսѣ
Ȼս֮ͻˣȥ
ߺ־Ŵʱ·״̬ĳƷɵĿ˵
Ȼֻܹһ֣ܹĳһ˲֮󣬳ƷٶȻԱ֮ǰ˾޴Ѿˡ
ʱĳƷЩԺֻнĽ
µ״̬ԼҲ֪˶ã״̬֮Уģʱĸֻùȥ˺ܾãջܴ
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Ʒһնһͷ׻Ľϣնͬһطն˽׻ƬһնһѪ
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״̬µĳƷʱҲѾܺ͸տʼʱˣʱ˲ףΪʲôߵĸٶʽֶΣ֧Ųסǰ״
ˣÿÿԳǹĸߺ־ѾһƬѪģѪ˺üˡ
ڣ˸оԼҪֲסʱһȴ֮д
һʽĵһ˵ĵ⻮Ƴգֱն˷˽׻
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׻ҽһͱһն롣
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˶ֱ̱˵ϣ֮ǰн׻вǻãв̸֮о˾޴ƣϮ塣
Ѧ٣ΪʲôѧսϾȻֳĽ׻ޣҪѧУһڸϵмŭݣһγ©ЩԮһƷô롣
ѦϺ¶˼ֲ˼Ϊһ˵ӻսΧǿɱֻһЩС޽
ⷽȷʵǹϵһ㵽ʱǻȥУ̸Ѧ漴ָֻ˵ҪȡķǾѻһͷĽ׻Ǻ쾳ޣѰľѻûʲô취ֻôھľѻģķΧ̫ˣ˵Ǽҳ֣Ǳֲܹ֧ŵҵ
꣬һΣҿˣ
ߺ־ȫѾ亹ʪƴˮ̳һ
̶ʱ䣬Ȼһ䶼Ҫۡ
һ£һ߸Լ˿۵ģ֮ǰսʱûãڲžˡ
֮ǰҶСǣȤӷչңҿ԰ǾټѦ˵ǳƷ
֮ǰƷıڳ꽣׻޵ǰƷֵĲ꣬壬صġ
·ʤ
ʵܿĥûǿгһжǰ״
лѦٵˣǻ濼ǵģƷ˵ͷ˵ڻζոͻʱĸоµ״̬֮£ˡ
ǸղǾ޵һҲ𺳣Ȼ֮ǰѾѦǿǵ޲ߣܲĳ꽣׻Ѧ߲һУǿһֱ۵ӡ
٣Ժһ죬ҲҪﵽĳ̶ȣǳԽĳ̶ȡ
Ʒ˱ҲýŹעߵѧǶһʱǲȥע֮ǰı֡
Գ꽣׻ûзıֿϼѣҪ˵ԣƷıָӳɫ˶ڽ׻Ψһ˺ҲǳƷġ
޵е״̬ԶԶҲܹȻÿÿ׻Ĺ֮գ·һξͻУһӰǿ»Զﲻǡ
һεʵսҲ˵ĵþȣǰСʱˣ


92 ·ٶȺ
Ϊͻ¹ʣһεʵսʵǰ˺üСʱоգһҲѾﵽʵսĿġ
ѧǻٶͻƣջĵͻƣջٵĻȥ֮Ҳò˼Ҳͻơ
ϣѧ˷ܣȻ֮ǰովһվ˶ˣĿ죬ȥҲ죬ʼ˷ܵʱջ
ʮǰʱȣѾԵĲͬˣ϶һЩϢ
ڷɻϣƷ˻ĿĽ㣬Ӳ׻飬˶˸һ
Ȼֻж̶ʱ䣬ѾǺˡ
˵֪һӾص֮дˣǳƷ²ŸոմһЩͷѧǳ˺صڡ
ʱƷѾ˵Ŀ⣬֮С
ǰĳƷȷʵһƥôҳӵ£붨Ҫ붨һݶǰ;
Աߵ˵
ʱص붨Ϊ˵ʲôսϱⳳӵĻ֪٣˶꣬Ʒ˶ꡣ
ܴһЩ漣߿Ҳûûʲôϲ޷ǾŷѧУѣڿɲֹ
΢΢һЦ
漴Ŀɨ˼͸ߺ־ϣ˵ıҲ൱ףֵڴһ
ܿ췵ʮУѧУֱӾ͸ѧǷżˣûмϿΡ
ƷҲûֱӻؼңǰ·诵ĵҩ˾
ڹ·诶ڳƷĵҲʮ֣ʱ䣬ΪƷһöϴ赤Ĺϵ·诺ܿͨ˾е·ӣ˾ڰԭ᧿Σ˵ʱ乫˾ģһ¥ִ˺üʦ
־ܹǶеʦֻûгܹӰ쵽Ļ֮С
ӵĻǳƷȻͷβƷҲֻչȴ̾ΪֹΪˡ
ƷȴǴҪڵϷչ˼Ҫ˲ŻȻˣÿһ˫ӮĽ
·ڹ˾ĻңӴ˳Ʒ
ʦһң֪Ϊ£·СĵĿһ۳Ʒʵ
Ʒɳϣһڣûֱӻش·诵⣬ǿ˵֪һһöϴ赤Σ
һһöϴ赤ǳãͨϴ赤е㹩ӦƷʵϴ赤ǼΪͻǳ⣡
·еɻƷΪʲô⣬ʵش˵
֪·ûٺһΣƷ
ٺһΣʦ˼ǣ·˵
ҿ԰ƳһƷʵϴ赤Ʒ˵
ʲôƷʣʦԵ棿·ǰһæ˵
ɲǵãͨƷʵϴ赤Ȼе㹩Ӧ󣬵ܵ˵ǺȱֻҪǮܹõ
Ʒʵϴ赤ȴǮõˣϴ赤ֻһЧԣƷʵϴ赤ֻҪ־ͻᱻһա
һûǰôãֻҪųϢַӾͻᱻһա
ȻˣҲϿЦƷ˵ͷ
·뿪˰칫˳ƷǰɳȻȻʦҿԸʦ͸ףһöƷʵϴ赤ҿԸʦһʮѣΣ
һΣǳƷˣϴ赤һҲٶļ۸ƷܹٶȻйǸҩģҪһٶٸһʮٿ۳м˰м̵̣ȵȷֳǲ׬Ǯġ
۸Ȼû⣬ôһɾû׬ͷˣƷеɻ˵ֻûа׳ԵͣǶ˵Ǳԡ
Ʒеɻ·诶ʱˣſ˵ʦĪΪڿЦôȻȷʵͬʦ˵ôϷȷʵ׬ʲôǮǶĿǰ˵ȴб׬ǮҪ飡
ʦӦ֪ǹ˾ڴＯѹǹ˾ھеҲԸΪǹ˾ڴＯţ֮ǰҲˣһΣҾͲţƷʵϴ赤Ҳ޶ԣֻҪһȱڣڴＯŵѹҲͲˣϾ־ȻڴＯŵٹӣҲڴＯţҲǰʩѹˣ·ɷ˵
ã֣ڴＯŵķƷһɳ˵
һΣҿ԰ʮöƷʵϴ赤


93 ϴ赤Ĳ
ʮöƷʵϴ赤ǳƷĽ
ϴ赤ر𺱼ĵҩƷʵϴ赤֮ܵ׷ΪҩЧҪѰϴ赤ҪõĶ֮⣬ҪƷʵϴ赤ȽϺһаʦûʲôȤ϶ġ
ˣƷʵϴ赤ļֵͻήͺܶ࣬ȻҲٶļ۸ˡ
ʮöƷʵϴ赤ƷܹǧõĲǾǴ´ˣ֧൱һʱˡ
·ԣʱһ˫ǰһ
ʮöƷʵϴ赤ܶˡ
ҲɳƷۼƷδʦϿ
Ǿƿһеţ·ֻҪǸ涼ᱻȾԾ
ʮöϴ赤ҪıǮɲ٣ԵôƷЩɻʵ
㲻ʦĳַѣϴ赤ĳɱҲһٶʮǳǧǿ൱·ҹ˾ʲһϡ
ȥҰֵǱ߻һЩϵѺҹ˾һУټϽǼҵķӶѺȥӦܹĵƷʵϴ赤޷֣ʽҲ죬ֻҪõûˣ·΢΢ҧ˵
ƷҲɵö·诹Ŀ࿴ھһϣ·ȷʵνǽüɾͲҲԸĺ
̵һ飬ʡȥܶ鷳Ȼڵ·读ǿ󣬵ҲΪڵ·诲ǿǻƽȵĺ·ڴＯȻôۿϰʦ
ʦҰ´Ҫʮҵʱ䣬ټϴ赤ҩҪؽ綩͹ҲҪһЩʱ䣬Ҿð֮󣬿ʼΣ·诿ʵ
Ʒ˵ͷܺãûʲô
ͬпִȷʵкܶ಻ǳŴܱȵϵģҩĵĹֻҪڼǮͻǧĸ
ڳŴ֮УЩʦһӵʱ䵹൱һҪڸѰҺʵҩ֮Уһһ֮൱ĳʦĳɳٶҲȲִͬǡ
Ȼӣ׼һ£Ұ֮㵽ʱѺԼ׼ãһж̣Ѿ˼ϰʦִգĳͿˣƷ
֮ǰ·诺ƵĶ嵤ʵΥģû취ģֻǶ嵤ʵ̫ˣû˻ȥ׷嵤ԴǴƷʵϴ赤Ͳͬˣп˵עģѾ˼ϰʦִգչ涨ǿԳԼƵĵҩġ
ҲΪʲôȻżҪκõҲȰŵȵϰʦִ֮׼еԭ
·˵
ִķȺϸܰճþͰճϴƷĺ˫ڲԣƷȱǮȴҲһƶ嵤ʦ֮µĲ
ڼȻ߱·ӵҲԸðա
˳Ʒ֮·诵ͨԼдƷʵϴ赤еϢɢ˳ȥ
һ·ϣƷʵϴ赤Ǻ˵ġ
һ˵绰ˡ
绰ͶӰУһװ΢΢Щӡ
ֶŮ˵Ʒʵϴ赤һӶ뵢æżɽʵ
·诿ӣ΢΢һĨЦݣϵĻ飬ϽˣҲΪڴＯŵѹر˾
ȴǲɫһĨЦҲֻһţΪ֪ۣɢ
˫㲻̫Ľ顣
壬ȷʵûͷһƷʵϴ赤·诵˵
ǸܿͲ׽һ仰ص㣬˵һƷʵϴ赤ֶŮЩϴ赤ȫ£۸ţԿģ
Ų·ǴĶŪϴ赤ֻҪõȫϴ赤ˣһϴ赤ʵ̫ˣ·诵һӦڴＯŵķ׬Ǯһ
ҲôģƽҪĵطҲ̫ˣЩǱƷʵϴ赤̫⣬˭һûأǺܺõ㡣
ʱϴ赤Ƿ˵飬һԭ˵Ҳ˵ˡ


94 Լ̹
ǿɲУ壬һƷʵϴ赤˶ˣ·¶˼Ϊѵ飬漴˵˵ҿ϶˭أһƷʵϴ赤ҿȸöҲģ̣֪־ʩѹǽǹ˾ĵҩҲ֪ǲǳ־Լ˵ԸˣҲڴＯţ̧̧֣ǹ˾һ·һж˵
΢΢ƺںףһѾ˾û⣬ö˵ʲôôֶŮͻȻôһƷʵϴ赤ѵʶʲôʦ֪ܲҼ
壬Ҳû취ںʱǩ˱Э飬û취ˣҿԴӦ壬´кõĵҩһʱͻ֪ͨ㣬㿴Σ·诺ԥֱӾܾˡ
Ȼ׶Է뷨⼸öƷʵϴ赤ƳƷʵϴ赤ؼģֻҪܴߣǻҪж١
ȻöԷлӴƷǹ˾Ǹһ¥ıϺͻᡣ
Ǻðɣ´ǼҰݷãǽ˵ˣ
˼ûа취·ߵõϢҲֻˡ
Ÿոչ˵绰·诵ĵ绰һ̡
·诵֮ɷ־Ҳû뵽νķַʽƵɡ
Űɣһ죬һ㣬㱳ڴＯš
ͷһ֦Ʒص˼УȻõǮܹõĲһʱ䣬ʱƷʱ̹ˡ
ϾȻõǮҪһʱ䣬ҪΪѰõҽԺϵõҽҲҪʱ䣬Ҫǰȥ׼
ĳɺܿҲ½ֻͨϰ壬ÿ찴ʱ°ѾѰ
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˺ܶ࣬⼸Ӧûкúó԰ɣʲôܿЩ۵˵
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ƷЦ˵ûн꽣׻ôյ˵ϾȥˣҲ븸ĸΪȥ黹Ҫĵġ
裬ȱҪ˵棬Ҳ
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˶еɻ󣬳ƷƽʱǺٻôĺô˵
˶£֮󣬳Ʒſ˵֣裬Ҫ˵ǹõĲа취ˣ
Ʒ˵˵ĵһӦȴϲǳĳɣһ˵ƷҺ費ͺ˵ˣҺͿˣ㲻ҪܣҪľŬŬѧϰȻϺõĴѧ˭˵ܹκģǱƭ˰ɣ
ĳɵһӦǶӱƭˣʲôνƫʵʮ½½ҵνƫô
ûһõģҲˣϣҲص
֣ʲôأ˭˵ȥҵƫƷ̾ˣɵÿЦõ˵֮ǰҽѧ粻Ƴһܹȱݵֶô˵ľ
ǰҪܶǮģ㵽ĶŪǮȥ
ĳɶȻ֪ΪŮĲĹϵ궼עһЩҽѧ̳˽ļΪ̡
ֶȷʵЧûʲôãɾһȱݣġ
ѧȻֵһŹŵܹƳƷʱȽϺõϴ赤βҪǧӦúܿܳˣƷԼõĻش˵˳
ԶĬһ£һĳɲſ֮ǰһѾӰսҲôǮ
ԣƷҪô˵¶أоӰսӣһеͺý͵Ķˡ
ĳɿųƷʱ䣬Ҳ˺ְֱܹܶ࣬ǷǣҲǹŰˣֻҪǮͿԣ
ĳƷ΢΢һ¸ΪǶõǮԸأ漴־úЦΪõĲϸ˵ü˳ۣڽܶӵİʲôء
ȷʵһرбµĸףŮĸҲûʲôʵ
ϣ֮лЦﲻϣԴóһֱѹżĴʯͷصĿˡ
ڳƷ֮󣬾ͺٺȾƵĳĳҲɵö
ҹˣˣȴůˣ


95 ӵĲ
ڶ磬ƷʮУžӰսһ·϶вٵѧĿ䵽ϡ
Ǿ꼶ĳƷѧ
ԭǳƷû뵽ô
˵Ͷĸߺ־˼˴ս׻ҽ׻ɱˣ
ƷΧ˵۷׷ף֪ˣ鴫ȥˣɵ΢΢һ°ۣԴģܸһô
Ľ׻־ܻܵô
ԴĻǿ찡
һ·ǽ˰༶кܶ˶עĿûã˼͸ߺ־Ҳ̵ˡ
Ĵս֮˾ʲôҵһȻϵ˵ôͻͽٳƷټ˼ʱ򣬿΢Цͷʾ⣬ѾǺܴͻˡ
ǰ˼ʮһʱһʱ䶼ټЦֻǼ˭һľ룬ָ䣬һָоǣŮӲýӽ
һ糣ʱš
ƷĿΣ˸Ϣʱأ⣬˽ɨһ۰༶ˣȻ󿪿˵Ʒߺ־˼꣬һ£
˵Ŀⶼ䵽˵ϣ֪ΪʲôҲ˲µܺйأȻΪʲôˣרˡ
໥һ֮ȥһֱߵУ칫ҡ
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һǿԼĪʮӣĺܺãͷڷͱֱ֮ǿһǿĸ֡
˲ǱˣʮеУ졣
УѦ٣Ʒǰһ˵֪Ϊ£
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ԭΪǸССԲͬһѧ
Լ˵ɣ
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Ʒ֮һƾâԣУѦϵǳֱ֡
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ӦУ˽˹ϵ
ģ֮ǰǹϵվһҴǸ⣬˳˲϶ǵһ㲹Ѧ˵
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һӹĵҩЧѣ̷ȥˣΪһ⣬ֻҪõҩʮ󣬱ǵҲûƹΡ
Ȼ֪Ԫ鵤ʵԪ鵤ǸݾԪ鵤ĵ֮ĵģھ򵽵ĳŴ֮ôһžԪ鵤ĵֻϧһŵƵ˾ĸ֮󣬿Ԫ鵤ȻЧ;Ԫ鵤ԶԶȣҲǲģϻǮ򲻵ģѦ˵ھعһֵҩ
˸һ£ѦȻ˾عĵҩΪ
лѦˣ
Ʒ˽ӹӣûд򿪣Ҳ֪عĵҩӦǺö
ûʲôǾöܶ࣬ĸĶڶѧΨһĳ·ǾһܹɳΪصĶ֮ţѦ˵
Ʒ֪ˣԭأ˵컹Ҫ£ǽӡ
ȿȣˣǰȻڽǣɲðɣ쿪˵
壬ѧУѧҪҵİɣǸбҵˣҪȥѧǼӣǶԼ˰ɣҲҪܰѦɵε˵
ҲԺ飬ˣ˵
ˣȥϿΰɣúñ֣ȡĩϿóɼ
ֶ˵
һŶˡ


96 ˽
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ڶѧ˵ӸùùһºĶʮǿĦȭƵĿꡣ
ǰǲˣ˶֪ͷŷڣʣµУǳƷ˼궼ѡ
Ƕʮǿʮˣ˵ǲǿȡķ
ǱܵĸоʮǿܾܿͻᱻЩԽԽԶ
ͬʱʮǿѡҲĩҲһĩ˭һεĿ֮Уͷأóɼؼҹꡣ
ƷҲֱˣϿΣϿΣһߵ
ĳƷ˵ҪľǹΪŸոͻƵأҪ֮󣬲ط
Ȼоʱ伱ȣȴżкüµʱ䣬㹻ͻƣҲ
Ƕ̶µʱ䣬ʹһѰѧڴ󲿷ֵѧ֮ϣΪͬѧжʮǿǰߡ
Ʒ㹻ʱ䣬Լɱ䣬һԾŵĿԣߣһսʤ
µʱ䣬ҲƵ֮йȥˣµʱ֮УƷҲǳ׹صΪǸոͻƵʱǰ㣬ҪСΪ˻
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֮УƷԼ֮⣬Ǻ͸ߺ־µʱ֮Уߺ־ܿ죬гƷʱ㣬һԭǹڿ˳뻯ľ硣
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Ȼʵսʱ򣬸ߺ־ǱƷŰˣÿζǳƷһֻ־ѹ
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Ʒ̼֮󣬸ߺ־ֱӾ̷һöԪ鵤ǾعҩھҲ˶ܹõԪ鵤
ߺ־Ѿ۷壬̷Ԫ鵤֮󣬾˳ĿأºѾ۷壬Ʒһ
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ʮ֮Уǰ˵ǰʮǿϷģҲѾԤˣԭȻҲǰ༶ľӢҲֻѰӢеһԱڵֿһ̨ס
һ㣬ֻ˵ĹϵһֱܺãЩҪ˵Ҳס
˸ߺ־֮⣬˼Ҳ̷һöԪ鵤˳ԭ۷أڸǽѾ뵽۷塣
ֽȣĩ֮ǰпܿأΪѾԭǿŷԼһƽˣȻǰûͻƵ
ˣ˼ĽٶҲǺˡ
ǳƷǸߺ־ܵˣôҲһͬѧϰ߿˼һٶȣһǰ˼ոתУʱΪԶˣȻһѣѾڴ󲿷ͬѧ֮ˡ
ڳƷ˵ʵ֮ϴ赤ơ
Ʒʵϴ赤ÿһöƷʣ֮⣬ֻҲû˸˵ˣ·֮⣬ֻҲû˻ôˡ
һζ·˵˵һκģΪеһУѹ˾ѹˣ˴
ʧܵĻ˹Ŵ󼪣Ʋ֮⣬ûб·ˡ
ǼˣѡųƷĻ
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Ҳڵˡ
һ죬ѧ֮󣬳ƷûֱӻؼңǸ·诵Ĺ˾
·Ҳͽӵ˳Ʒĵ绰һء
ʦˣҿǵȺܾˣ·æƷӭ˰칫֮С
ƷЦЦ˵Ҳ֪һҪϿΣʱûа취ôɣ
Ȼ٣һֱҲãǱҪҲ١
ˣĻҲöˣȥɣ


97 ۻҵַ
ƷҲ·诶˵ʲôϻֱǰ·诹˾
ʱƷѾڿǲԼҲҪһǼȻҲ̫СĸסҲǴ´࣬ҪŪһǸܵġ
Ҳһ׷ӵ뷨һ׸ߵСķӣǱãκ򼲲֮ҲָʣϰǴ档
Ļ۸ȻǲƵģ黹Ҫıһ
ʱУѾǶѻɽ·һ˳ÿһݵҩĶѾֱ˳
ʦҩѾȫ׼ˣһҲ˵ҵˣ·诿ųƷ˵
Ʒ΢΢һЦİɣҲҵģ
Ʒʮӣ·ƽ׵ֶ˼ģĵǽһжϵţܹȾ˰ɡ
Ʒߵ¯Աߣ¯𣬽õҩ˹
ҿһöϴ赤ʮöƷʵϴ赤ҴʮɣƷ˵
ҪϿΣҪʱȷʵ࣬ÿöƷʵϴ赤Ѿˡ
ŵʵļ䣬ͿƵҩģͺ֪ٸ似ȴʹãΪЩ似һ⣬ǳĸĸҲǳĴ
ƵҩҲǣҪƸߵȼĵҩֻҪһŵҩҲûãԽǸߵȼĵҩʦҪҲԽߡ
һʦʱ򣬶õͨ¯һ͵Ҫ¯ԶԶѰ¯¶ȡ
Ҫһﵽʦĵز͵Ҫķеĵпܴﵽ
ǸʱͲǿŻĵͿԵˣҪʦԼĵɣֶʦʵ˼ߵҪ
ȼյĹУÿһÿһ붼ʦܴ
Щ߼ҩʱܳʮ£ʦҲһĿ顣
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ڳƷ˵⻹ԶǶ·˵Ѿ漣һһöϴ赤Ҫ֤ϴ赤Ʒʵģ⼸ǲܵ顣
ʦҲɣĻƷʵϴ赤Ҳˡ
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Ȼ·诶ԳƷģСʱȥ֮󣬵öϴ赤¯֮ǵһʱȥҩó¯˵ҩС
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98 
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ȻѾٽִĿѧɻһļ紺ľʲôʱ꣬ʲôʱѩ¶꣬¶ѩԿơ
ƷոջصУյеϢʺ֮УתİʮǽƷʵϴ赤ĳַѡ
ţ·ҲϢöƷʵϴ赤Ѿɹˡ
Ʒ΢΢һЦֵٶȻ죬·һҺ¼ˣƷʵϴ赤ȷʵΡ
ȫÿ궼ҪǮ˼ҳҲкܶ࣬ЩȻϣԼĺܹƷʵϴ赤ͬˡ
صң˶ѾԺˣĸָһ鷹ڿʱţóѾȥֱˡ
ֱҵɫ⵹óƷ⣬ͷģûʮҲа򣬶ҲŮҪɱͷǷǳѵġ
Ȼõͷܿ죬żµʱ䣬ȻѾһˣȻЩİˣǧԶҲһܺõĿͷˡ
˷֮󣬳ƷͻصԼķ֮УóǸװԪ鵤ĺӡ
ڳȹأ۷塣
ʱʱͻ̷Ԫ鵤ȥͻƵˣ֮ǰ˼͸ߺ־˶ѾͻһΣľԪ鵤
ƷһöɢǿҩԪ鵤ȥʱܹоԪ鵤ҩɢɢ֫ٺ֮С
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ҲΪеǻʼʱѰ˺̫ˣֱĽͻƺգܿͻὫԼũˡ
ʱԺ֮Уһö֮ɢһ˾Ե侲ϵĳصϡ
ÿһγصϾͻᱡһ֣ҡһ֡
Ҳ֪ȥˣãһȦһȦתѾ׳һĳ̶֮һЩʱصڵõͻˡ
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˵ЩصеľӢٮٮߣжϵĸٮٮˡ
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˵ڵǰʵ̫ˣкܶҪԽĿ꣬ʱ̫ˡ
ʱ䣡
ƷһʱѾҹˣû⣬Ǽ۾תʼ̸ոͻƵصΪ
Ԫ鵤ҩЧûȫգ൱һɢ֮С
˼͸ߺ־ܹڶ̶ʱͻƣ¾۷壬Ԫ鵤û
ڶһ磬ƷѰһѧУ֮УȻͻƻûܹߺ־۾
Ϊÿһ̶д֮Уߺ־ݺݱƷŰһ١
ʱߺ־һ캰أǧͻƵ۷壬ΪܹͳƷƽƽˣ˭֪һգ۵Ĺ򣬳ƷȻͻˡ
ֱƵѪͬѾǳƷĶˣڳƷֿأ˫Ĳ̫ˡ
ߺ־ƵĿųƷڶͻƵصģŷ˼֮⣬Ʒǵ
м˺͸ߺ־һ۷壬ȻǷӢӸոͻƵصģĿǰ֮оӢѧΪ
󲿷ֵѧأһ۷塣
Ʒ̼֮󣬸ߺ־Ƿܷͼǿ֮ǰһедʱֺС
ܹѧ֮ӱƴŬкܴĹϵ
Ʒûߺ־ڵȴ˼ĵ
һ˼ǲĽ˰༶֮С
ո߽ңƷӭǰȥ˼ԴɻĿ֮УƷ˵дһ°ɣ
Ҫд裿˼겻ɵЩȻһžµ¶˼־㵵顣
ûǺ񻹴δֹƷһЦȻ˵


99 
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Ҳͨһս֤һԼʵ
ҪдϢҲܿȫע⡣
Դӷְ࿼֮ڶ֮У󲿷˶֮ǰûʲô֮ǰ٣ڻ١
ȴһ˷ٵĳɳгɳľǳƷ˼ˡ
Ʒڷְ࿼˵ʱ򣬲ŸոճΪưྫӢѧеһѾеٮٮˣǶʮǿǰߡ
˼ȻһѾǾӢѧѧУͷСȻҲǹϵĽ༶İ೤ŷ֮µǿߡ
֮д裬Ȼǳ˿㡣
һܶͬѧõϢ׷׸˶
ʱƷ˼Ѿ֮УԶ
ǵΧѾһ࣬࣬༶ϢͨѧΧˡ
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Ϊ˽̫ˣ˼꣬һʼ˼ȻȽϳڣǺȻԵĲģȻھȻѾǽٮٮߣܹвڶ֮еĵλ
һƷȻĿǰ˼꣬ŷвҪ˼֮ϣֻò˶ãܹԼһߵˡ
һȺĶУֶһӰȴһİ೤˭ء
໥һۣ˶Է˼ȻǶ˷вǰ鿴ġ
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˼Ȼֻ΢΢ζһ£ʹһȦ֮󣬾Ѿ׵סˡ
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ԷƾĹ⡣
ƷһǰͬʱеĳֱնǽŸղһնһһ಻
һһǿͿֲ



˫Ͻ֣ϡ
һԹսĸߺ־˲ͿԼ˼Ĳˡ
ҲǾͳƷֵģȻҲųƷйͿʼƣʮ֮ƾͺˣƷº֣ܹʮڽս
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һŷҲ͹ˣǻ˵á
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˵֮ǰ˻ԳƷûʸʮǿǰĻôһսҲ֪Բ١
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Ĺ⣬пܡ


100 ˼ͷ
óۣ˼ԼҲһ
ڹֻԼƷʼߣʮӦûܹᲢ۵Ĳǣ֮ͬУκˡ
ȻֻһֱͷȻЩͷ
Ķ棬ƷͬǾ쳣ΪԼÿһ֮Уʱʱ絶ٶȻٱǡ
һˣͱĴֲˣڵĽ׻һдĽڽڰˣѹƵ̧ͷ
˼Ȼֻһʼе㲻ӦǺܿӦ˳Ʒִ򷨣սǻҲȷʵˡ



תۼ䣬˫ѾϰУһ˵ͻ½ٶȻ½ȴּ󣬷ԽԽ죬ͨ໹ûпѧо۾ǳеٶˡ
з׷װԺȻ
صྫӢʵôȻǰ༶ѧǰҲӲסУ
˵ǸƷǰǵΪأھȻѾôˣֻһӲסѵûнصĻᱻôĲô
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Ʒһ׵̩ɽѹһһȫ˳뻯ľ磬֮ͬ£˵Լܹȫ
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Ʒҵ˶ֻ֪Ѱ˼ҰˣĶǮ߼ڹ
ͳƷͬѧ£ǵûи˽ôŸˡ

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սһֲʤֻҪǧ֮ˣһԼʵﵽ˺εȵزѣֲҪ˼һս
ע⵽Χ˿񶼲һˣһսѾ˵ĿнΪʮٮٮˡ
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˼˵ͷƽһº˹Ž׼ˡ
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ǣҪ˵ҲƷǰЦſ˵
ʲô˼ɫѿĿųƷ˵
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ƷΪƽ˼ܺô˵ˣ㻹ԶأųƷ˵
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˼ĬĬһĻһ˫ҲûֹƷΪԼͷʲôԼֻԼ֪ˡ


101 Ű
ѧоԼѪҪˣһս
û뵽һ֮ھܹѧ֮Ľ֡
ոձƽˣ˼֮󣬳Ʒ˵Ѿ˽ŷڵĵز
Ժ˼꣬Ტۡ
ڳƷڸոս˼֮Ҫս㣬Ҳúܶ˶˷ܡ
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һ֣ʱ䣬ǡˡһͿ˺ѵȻǺĵǳųƷն

һƵĽײ֮ǧһ֮ʣƷᵶֵ̧סһˡ
ӲӲ
Цһ⵶ԼҪ˫סƷѵѡӦǱܿŶԣȻҵֱ۶˰ɡ
Ȼ֮󣬲ŷ֣ʵƷᵶ͵סһκȣû˿Ļζ˵һֱˡ
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ʱʧɫһ֮󣬶ֶǶܾӶ࣬ԷʼܣôȨ䵽ϡ
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Լ˫ֳֵȻֳֵĳƷˣ׶
ƷûйʲôֻǺܼ򵥵ģ̧һն䡣

һ޴ĽĵڷһġղеĵµŻɵľ
ôܣƷȻѹ㣡ǲ˼飬Ϊһ༶ѧѧеٮٮߣн֡
ʵȻһܴÿһԼҵģһ㶼Լɺ͹ѹƻ㡣
Ʒͬóѹƣ˳ʵս֮ǰƷѹһѧһս
ƺҲӺɨľ棬ֻǸղųƷڶս˼ʱƺûжƣ֮ǰƷչֳĿֲ



Ʒ಻նÿһ֮ǰҪֲĶˣһһƲϵۻ෴ģѾƷĵնˡ
ʩչʲôʽˣϵֻм֮ûлֵˡ
ô㲻Ǻųƺ˼ô˼궼ܹͳƷսĲ£ȴֵô
Ʒ˵ˣûʸ˲˼㣡
Уֵôô
Ψŷ΢΢ü̫ˣǳƷ̫ǿˣһѹ㣬ĵҲ¯࣬δ뻯ƷƾӲڳƷǿڳƷǰֱƣŻֵһǴ
漴ֲһ䣺ȷʵ˼ԶˣӦ˵˼̫ǿˣ
˾۷׷׵ʱȴֻƷһȣʮУ
Ȼţ˲ſƷһնĵϣڼֲסֱ˫ȹеĵҲղסˣ䵽˵ϡ
ѵһصصš
ȻĿųƷȻʮд㡣


102 
˶סˣһʱţƺ˭û뵽ƷĽˡ
ʮ֮ڣˣ
ڿս֮ǰٷˣδ֣
ûκͶȡɣͻıƷһһնˡ
ʵʮеôѧ֮УǰéһֱǰȻڻŷڻŷ㶼֣Դ
˾͸˵ˣ϶Ķ֣˼ٶȷǳ죬Ҳǻһ۶ѡ
Ǵκһ˵ǽܳȴʧˡ
˵ǰܵú޻֮
ͷβһĻ
Ǻܶǳĵһѧʱסˣ·ֿ֮ǰƷһһĳ
ܣôʧأ
һ֮ƺڷӦ˹Լԭʧˡ
ֱϴĸоڸƷжôĿֲ
˫ֳֵԼȻƷһִֻˣ
ٶȣ似ճ̶ȣս̬ھռ֮⣬ֱһǴ˲Ҳܣŷҡҡͷ˵
Ȼ˼飬ʵϣȻģٶȣ似ճ̶ȣս̬ʤĳƷˣǲ漣ء
ܿ죬ҲóĽۣأۿŶʮǿѡξҪʼˣĿǵһЩ˶ľ֡
ڳһŷ֮⣬ðôֵܹƷƽֵ˼꣬Ѿвĵλˡ
ٿƷ޳΢еݵΣɵЩȻô̺ô
ĹģС
Ȼʧˣ
ҲӰܸ˳Ʒ
ӽѧУǿҪϴˣŷ֮£Ӧ˼ͳƷŶԣ
ѧУֵһƥ
ð죬ѧڷӦ˹׷׳˵ֻޱ𺳡
ֻǴʱ˽ĿͶ˼֮꣬ǰǻΪ˼ȻᱻƷƽͽ
ڿͽ˲˼꣬㡣
˼뻹ܹסƷܡ
ڳƷѾ˹Ĵˡ
ȻʦЩ츳ǰڣռˣ˵˳ǧѾߵĶ˶ĲҪҪģ
˶ڳƷ֪Ļ׶Ρ
ֻٲˣܹóƷܴҲԶ֮ϡ
ʮһĻûУȫϡ
ڰܱ֮ûŵˣһˣѧҲ׷ɢˣϾҲҪĿεʱˡ
˼Ҳὣȥ·ƷԱߵʱ촽лл
û£ôţҲôҾͽѵѵѣ
Ʒ˼꾫µӣЦЦ˵
û˵꣬һԸߺ־ݺݴһ£û뵽㶼ôˣͻԽԽˣٺ٣ѵǸãʡһϴ϶ӣ
ܶѧƷ˷ܣǿǸ೤ˡ
༶ľڡ
óƷû뵽ǣŷ֪ʲôʱҲѾߵߣ˵ʵʱҲдһ£
Ȼŷֻ˵һ仰Ǹ˵룬ǴŷҲϿ˳Ʒʵ
ǿȫѧУĵһˣϿɣͬ졣
ã
ƷûнŷĻĺأֻǵͷ
Ҳδûŷһս뷨м˷ܣҪ֪ǰŷῴһۣ˸һˡ
߾ӣ
ӥҲ϶˵ʲôϻ
ڲͬˣŷͬһεŬѾǱĬĸıĵλ
ʮǿѡܴĶ־ͻңڴı֣
ŷŵ˵ƶԼ϶ܹƷܹһأȻܹ
ãʮǿѡΣƷŷ˵
е˼
ŷһЦȻת뿪
ܿƷƽ˼꣬Űǳ˳һΣѧˣǶ֪˼֡
Ϣʦ֮С
ʦҲڸп֮оȻһƥ
ƷŷĶʮǿѡ֮ԼҲȻ˳ȥ


103 ȷоȣ
ƷŷĶʮǿѡ֮ԼҲһսĽѧУ
ʲôôܣǸ㲻Ǻôôˣ
ɲôҲţ֮ǰ˼걻ƷƽˣһΪ˼ֻһ廨ͷÿѣû뵽廨ͷ㰡
ǿĽǶȶ̫ƫˣܹôͷôʲô廨ͷڳƷʵ̫ǿˣ
ĽҲͺˣ
ڵ֪Ϣ֮󣬼ȫŵģƷȻҲȵ𣬵˵УǺǿһĲģû뵽ھȻѾˣŰ
ھľ֮˺ܿͽȤŵ˳ƷŷĶʮǿ֮Լϡ
ƷôǿôŷȤлŵģ
ΪԴӽŷһѧһϵĴڣֻһܹǿȼ硣
˶ϰˣںŷվڸߴģʽ
Ҳδ˵ŷ˸Ȥд顣
˵һΣȻǰʮǿϵıȽˡ
һˣԼܸûʵֵĿܣѾϰŷ󣬶ƷںԣҲѧУ֮ǿߣϵļʻǺܴġ
˾ãҲֻ϶ѣҪ˵ƷܶŷһЩ鷳ҪŷǸܵ顣
ŷǿЩѧ˵γһɵġ
ڣҲֻǸŷ鷳ˣ
Ҳ˾óƷŷǰһҪظһ档
һʱ˵ϣ˶жһĨɫΪȤЩ˵ԽԽ㣬Ȼʦ֮ˡ
䶼ˣ䲢ûж˵ʲôѧֱ⣬ֻƷŬŷһսǶһεǰǿҲ˷ܵ顣
ڳƷ˵ЩеһˣѭһǳɵÿϿΣ
ѧ֮ǰ·诵Ĺ˾Ʒʵϴ赤ÿöȻѾﵽޣǺڶûгʲô󣬷ǳס
ÿһ춼İʮĽˣóƷ֮Ҳڸǲ˼õĲѾôˣлκãȫ˵˷֪֮
ڳƷƷʵϴ赤֮ʱ׳ĳɺĸܿҲǲϱߣȥϵܹҽԺ
ǶĴҽԺܹҽҲҽµĴ
ƽʱСССϰҪһ漸ǲܵģڽǮ·ȷ˾еһ䶥ҽԺж
ں˦ǧĶ֮󣬾ٴƵҽҪҹʼоһ
ҲһVVIPĴΪȻƼзһʱˣʵĲȴǺܶࡣ
һвֻмСһˣҲδһⲡˣҲδؿ
ǧƷã˵ƽˣһСҵ˶
ԾҽԺ¶ԳΪģǧɲһСĿ
óȥҽԺϣȫ͵˾еҽԺо鶼üΡ
ҽԺǱרжϵĲȻأȴܹķΧ֮ڣҪȱݣִĻƼ޸֮󣬻ǿԻָġ
߰˳ɵİգʣµľҪȳԹȥ֮˼飬ȷˡ
ҽԺǱߴϢܵ˵ûʲô⣬˹ֻȷϣо׼ѡ
ҲóϲĸܿȻϲˣǳƷֹһοΪõҹﰵˣ᲻ֹӰ쵽ˣ춼װµӡ
ȷ˿ƵϢ̲֮סϲʱ˶֪Ǹ˵ģ˵Ҳһĸˡ
óҲֻǱסƷͣ˵лл㣬硣
ƽʱֵĶôɶ£ҲֻһʮŮӶѣСͳĥԼ˫һһήĿ־޷ġ
ǲɸѹѾ֧Ųסˡ
׳ĳҲ̲סݺᣬ˭˵˲ᣬֻǲ鴦ѣᣬٿӣҲˣԶԼҪɫĶˡ
ΪãһᣬΪŮ飬̲סˡ
һҹ˶ʧˣƷڶҲǶè۳ȥѧУġ


104 ʮ֮Σ
ĩʱԽԽÿƷĺܹɣ
義ҽԺҽ鶼ɳͳĸȥ𣬲ҪĲ֣ƷҲֵɡ
ĩ֮ǰÿһ죬ڳƷ˵
ΪÿһȥʵвС
֮ǰµһöԪ鵤ҩûȫ֮꣬ǰߺ־˼궼Ԫ鵤ҩΪһǧ
Ҳֵ˳ƷͻƵ֮ûѾ׹صΪȻÿһΪԵ
ΪͣʱѾʮԺˡ
¹ɫ¹·ƵĹâ˵ϣһֱĹâ
ƷڼС·ϣ΢΢һΪֹʮöϴ赤ѾˣȫƷʣûһʧ֡
ڸղţ·ѾһİʮǮ˻֮С
һ׬ǧһǧѾеҽԺΪˣȻתǧĸǧõҽƷѣʣµΪԷһ
ڣϻʣһǧҲССĸˡ
òпʦԽڣ׬ǮҲԽףһʦûôߵĳɹʣҴǮƶҩϰƸµĵҩˡ
ˣҲһϰһӵİ඼׬ҡ
ǧң㹻֧һʱˣҪĵ·ȱһɡ
·Ȼû׬ǮǰǰҲ䵽ӣȻͳƷûʲôɱԣҲǲˣؼǣЩƷʵϴ赤·诳ɹͨ˾кͶеľ̵
֮ǰǸڴＯӣŲ·诺ģڴＯŵʵҪǵ·Ʒʵϴ赤ľԽԽ࣬ڴＯŴҲûа취ˣ˵ľ
Ҫǣ·һƷʵϴ赤г·诱վһ߼ʦ˵Ҳϡ
пܱվһʦ֮⣬Ҳ벻бĿˣΪƳһöƷʵϴ赤ǿɺϣһǾͲɺˡ
˶֪ÿһʦȻһʵϣÿһ϶еҩ˾ֹһҩ˾
·诵Ĺ˾ȻСǱĳһʦµĹ˾һ·诲ʲôǵһʦɾʹˡ
ÿһʦԼǵʵȺʶ֣㷺ҪЩ̻ȥҲһ仰ѡ
·Ҳһ㣬ҲֵЩᣬһٻ
֪ǣվŵһԶȴʦµǱɡ
Щ飬·ҲûƷ˳ƷҲһЩ
õĲ֮⣬ĵľǱʵʮʱ䣬ڽԪ鵤ҩΪҲͻƵ۷塣
ϴ赤ѾˣӦÿڳ֣ڽʣµļʱгܲͻơ
ŷĶʮǿ֮ԼȻֻдѣҲ䰡
ѾʸȫУһŷд裬һѧڵʱ䣬ǰ;Ӳ
Щ飬ƷĽŲɵࡣ
أֻ·ߵСУһӰӹһ˸ͿͲע⵽ƷǿƱ̬Ķ̬ʱȫ˳
һݵӰҹӹ
ֻһӰӹִ֣ܶ˸ʱʱҲṦ·ҹ¾ͺˡ
ĵһӦǴ绰ھȻ˴С֮УΣճ̶ȿ֪
һӰϿһ˵ʱ򣬳Ʒı⣬ΪֻһɲǼ䣬ϳһ·ڼϲ˯¡
ã
ƷãֻɲǼ䣬ѾԶӦһӰ׷˳ȥҲ롣
ƷһԾѾӵһ֮ϣȻһ̤κڵһ׷ȥ
ǰǸݵʵǿڱһ˵£ٶ޷ȫӳƷԽ׷Խ
˺ܿͷ˱˸ţС֮еһ̻ͣ˷
Ʒ󣬼̵ģѾϵˣһȻǸڲݵϵˣó档
ֻǳʱ۾ȣӦǱŪˡ
ֻǱŪˣƷ΢΢һû¶ͺˡ
ǺôĵӣȻ׷


105 ս
ǸݵӰס˽Ųһɫҹ£ͬʱһסӣֻܹóһ˫Ϊ֮лż졣
дżֽӦ˱ıȻб
ҿǺôĵӣִǷᣬͷȻ°ˣǺôĵӣƷһֻҪҴһˣ
Ʒ֪ΪʲôãΪƽҲٳ˵ʲôˡ
ôóѡ
ԿóǸ˵ʱˣ°˵ֻĵһ֪ôأִϰ䣬䣬˭Ҳ֪ĸɨֵϴүͿһ칦
Сеľ񣬺롣
ƷһֻĿݼ˵Ѿˣʮӣͻˣܲģ
ܹо˲öԸҪȽԷ˵˵á
Ṉ̀ˣһ˫ʱ
ǾƲԳԷˣʮӣˣɱˣ
ЦſųƷ˵
ʱƷʹϸоһɿµѹΪֲ
ˢ
ɲǼ䣬Ѿɱ˳Ʒǰһֻܽһɢ
Ʒϵóһɢѧײ֣ʩչڵһѧҲ˵ҲڵΪ
ϣ
ǧһ֮ʣƷ侲ֱӳ˱Ӱսһȥ
˲Һ;ӰսӲæ˻˺üܿӰսķâ
ٿƷͱˣʼмֲ죬һ͵ûôϹսֻᱻ׶ƣһоͿԱ
Էַս˺Ĳ
ÿ֣ƷǾͱԷˡ
˫໥˶ԷһۣƷȷ˽ҪռȻֳ־ӰսƣһǿһǿοԷҲͽӲΨˣпܳŹʮӡ
ƷֱһնǸ˵ķӦҲܿ죬һܿնһ˭룬ƷһᣬڰֹͣˣȻն˳ȥֱӳǸ˵ͷ­ȥ
ڰ;Уٶֿ˺ü֣˿絶
Ǹ˵ķӦ죬̤˺üμǺһƳ׶࣬ܿҪһ
Ǻ˸о˺΢΢ЩʹָһĨȻһȻЩѪ֪ʲôʱĺȻһѪۡ
ǸղűӰսĵӵһ㡣
Ӱս֮ôΪ˫Ҫܹܵлɵ
һ㣬ѧУķսΣܻᵱը
һǮһֻӰսôܻӭǽҡ
Ǻ˶ʱһղӦһ㣬ԴᱻǺҲᱻи
ÿĵСӣΪѾһˣû뵽Ҳ˿ǸЦһ
Ʒӱ䣬Ϊ˵Ļзˣ˾Բʱ⣬Ԥıö˽⡣
ǸһȴƷ﹥ȥ෴ģǳڵϻԲѵĳȥġ
ƷһȥҪ赲Ǹڰ;бһֱ̤ӳųƷɱ˹
ԭųȥֻ۷Ŀ껹ǳƷһ˲䣬Ѿ嵽˳Ʒĸǰ
һдײһӾӡ˳ƷǰƷֻüᵶǰ

һƽһһдײֱ˾Ӱսĵϣ͸Ʒʱоһɴ䵽ϡ
أ
Ʒ˳ȥֱײһôϡ
ֻȫͷҪɢһҵʹɢԱҪǿ̫ˣղŲСĲŻᱻ˵һѹԵĲࡣ
ҪǱӰսס˴󲿷ֵһ־ԽعĶϺü
ȻҲһӣʱҲôˣЩϾˣֻɱˣ
ǸһһųƷԽԽƷɱ⣬Ȼмֿϧ
ȿȿȣɱңûôףƷصĿ˼һѪ౻ˡ
ײ־ֲһûͨˣֻһͻữΪһ⣬¼ˡ


106 ն
ԽԽÿһ·˵ϣÿһĻš
Ʒأ˵ּɣһЩִ˵ֶηǳ࣬·ܹɴ˵ֶΡ
ǵĽŲܹ˵ƵϣĻңһҪʵսǳḻſԡ
һһӡͼҳƷʣƷɫ򶨣ƺͲսӰ죬ֲ֮졣
һӣ˵ĶͶȻʱͳƷλѾܽˣһܹ̾ﵽľ롣
֮ǰЩֻΪóƷɥʧԣڲɱС
ԳƷʵԶˣֶΣ֪һСĽˡ
ƷҲ׼еľӰսֱӺն˳ȥǸ˸ˡ
Ǹ˱ϾҲѪ֮ӲֱӳȥԲ˼ĽǶֱӱܿɨһȻֱһͷԱһųƷȥ
ƷĶ죬һʧ֮ڰ;оͽӰս˻ͷͳȥ
ǺһһȻһֳֻųƷץ˹
ƷҲͬһȭ˳ȥ
ɽ֮
أ
ȭཻһײ
⣡
һײ֮󣬳Ʒ˺üͣס˽Ų
⻹ǳƷԳ꽣׻֮⣬һĶԿȫȫ·硣
ҲϵΪȳƷ߳һ󾳽硣
Ǹ˳ֱӷ
Ʒʱ򣬶ƵˣҲûа취ֻѡͶԷӲӲ
ͷľӰսΨһڡ
һʱ䣬ײСд˳˫ٶȶܿ죬źҹСԵø
Ƕ̶̼ʮײ֮󣬳ƷѾٶȱ˾·˫ĲǱϵĲ࣬ŬͿġ
ٶȣսȵȣƷȫ·硣
˵̶̼ʮײƷѾˣ˵ǽڽڰˣܿͱƵһôǰ
Ǹ˺֮иǾƷȻ·磬ǾȻÿÿֻоնѣҪ֪һֻҪ¾Ϳ£Ͼ˫ʵԶ
ԳƷѾó˸ֶΣʲôսһֱռʲôˡ
Ϊˣ֮ɱŸ˲ŸҪɱ
뵽ָӺж
Ʒ˵ѾƵ˾·أʱֻоԺеһö֮ʳһɹɵȫľһֻоǰδе侲
ԭڼҵս֮У˼ģڣֻ˼άһӷɢ˳ȥԺ֮оȻֳͷı͵ӡ
ͬʱĶȻûмӿ죬ԲǸ˵Ĺ֮æˣԽԽ٣ܹץסĻˡ
ûгܾãΪƵ˴ϣܹƷŲĿռѾСˣ˵ѾûʲôŲĿռˡ
ˣ
Ǹ˵棬һ˵֮飬ҪѲСŪˡ
Ǹ˱ܿ˳ƷնһȻǰһдײֳųƷ
ƷƵҲһݣһƴˣ
ɽ֮
ƷȫļȻȫ۵ȭͷ֮ϣָȭݺһȭ˳ȥ
أ
ֻһ޴ƺƷȭͷ˵һ޿˵ĳƷû㹻Ŀռ䵱壬ֻѡӲ
Ӳֻǳһ˲ѣֻˡһƷֱ۶ĹˣھԵײ֮У˲ͳһ
ҲһԹۣ
Ʒɫ˲Ұܣһɬ۵ð亹
ƺһɫˡ
Ǹһ˫¶˼ϲ飬شһˣĴȻһٶȳųƷץ
ǧһ֮ʣһѩ׵ĵ˸ˮкһɨ
ͣ
⻮Ѫ˲罦˳ֱ˳Ʒȫǡ
ǸأԲŵĿԼһƮȻ䵽˵ϣԶһͷʬ壬Լ塣
ǧһʱ򣬳ƷֳֵһɨľӰսڷӳԼ࣬һ˲ͽǸ˵ͷ­ɵ
ˣ
ǸǰԺֻڻص


107 ºı
꣬꣬꣡
ƷϵĴŴȫۣѾܶˣ΢һ£ֻޱȵʹһ
طҲòĶȥ似ĸͺܴˣ˵ǳ״̬ս
˵һս˰ٷ֮һٶʮʵ
֮ǰս꽣׻ʱҪۣ˺ҪǸʱôиߺ־˼ڰԡ
һս˵ǴͷβܾգһСģͻ
Ǹ֮Ի̶ܸܴϣҲΪ̫ˣȻǸ˴һʼͷǳľ裬ԳƷԲԼˣҪʨӲȫ
Ʒ֪Լ֮󣬾ͿʼƣϵǸΪԼʤȯգȻȽʵϵĲ㣬ҲгƷͷ
Ƶ˴ǰ޿֮󣬳ƷǱƲѺӲƴһΣʵʵҲǳƷõģڶԷԼֹǺϵʱҲȷԼ϶ûвʱֻǸʱ򣬲Ż¶
¶ʱ򣬶ΪʤʱɹնǸ˵ͷ­
һƷԼޱ棬Σ֮£Ȼȥ߻ַΪʤľ֡
ֻ˵Ǹʳ˾Ե侲־սֶֻΪʱ̫ˣôӵļƻ˵ҪһԷԼƺõˡ
ʱƷԼ棬һϵڵȴŽƻһ
ԷСĽҲ뵽Ƶ˾·ĳƷһʱĲα
ȻӰսҲ˵ãֵĻƷͻϮ֣Ҳ˲Ǹ˵ġ
Ȼڸһֱ۹ͷϵĴۣûֵõġ
Ʒǿʹѵߵ˳ߣýʣһֻȷֻǻԹȥûʲôΣգ΢΢һ
ʱԺ֮Уͷ˵ʲôˣΪʲôϳ档
ҴĿڷжϣӦòʱ٣ȻƺˣҾǱġ
Ҳе֣Ҳû̫ǮҲû˽ΪǮǽ𶼲̫ܡ
ţӡƷϸζ֮ǰ˵ÿһ֣ҳؼʣõֺ֪ܺģҪΪϵ򼲲ȻܹųԼĹâ
ڳƷ벻ø졣
ǸΪʲôҪᵽһأѵʲôϵɣ
ѵ°Ϊ֣Ϊʲôأ
ֲִǹŴᣬ°˻ȥʲôأ
°˵İ϶Ǵ󰸼ִᣬͷҲΣǴ˺£ʵҲûãִַᷢӾܹݿҳԱݣȻ󽫷ҵ
˵ǸðˣðôվΪ°ˣΪʲô
п϶ʲôû뵽ĵط
ָоǳΪ˵в˶ǼңʱĻܱܿһŻ˵һΣеڶΣ
һ˶ϵΪóƷٶֺܲ
ΪʮеʦҲֻʹһЩģ߱ǽưʦеΪһЩĿưʦ츳ãڻء
вƷһӦնݳ漴ֿЦѣԷʲô·̸֪նݳ
οҲûʵ˾Ͳ˽֣
ȻǲǾͶԶԶģ
Ʒ֮ǰҪң
ᵽסСȥǼʩãҲãܷ
ƽСıҲôҪظڸסСǰƽСʮֹҶǾˣܷ
иͷոշͻᱻ֡
ֻ֮ǰһֱû̫ҪУԼΪǸβ鶼ڴµȼ֮ϡ
ʱ̫ˣҪֳֻ̫ܷ࣬Ⱥ˳
ǼҲûʲôˣ缸°°û𣬵ǽ췢ȴԳƷ˾ӣ±Ҫ紦
ҪᵽСȥǹǷ۾ۣǼסһС˵ķӶǧ𲽣ǧѰСĺլǼ֣һڡ
ñոնǧ򻹾ù൱ʱĳƷ̾͸оʽϵ׽⣬Ҫ취׬Ǯа
ڳƷ˼׷ɵʱһ󾯵𣬾ڵˡ


108 
йһº٣ҲֲǣΪ̫ͻԣԵԤǰ֡
ִᣬٶȼ죬ڳƷ±绰֮󣬲ʮӣоˡ
ȻƷû˵ʲôǰ¾ñ绰İťѾ㹻˵ܶˡ
ִٱˣžĳͷһֱǱŴصԭû˸ôˡ
ȸľǸѲ߾죬Ǹϵ֮󣬷˵Ϻ˵ʬ׺һԲĳƷԼڵϻԹȥĳʱǾѾʶˣдˡ
Զսĳڲ˵İǶǴ󰸼ˡ
ӵһģľ죬һ۵ϵ˲ѾԺ֮йܳһ¼ͼ참ľҲһӿˣ϶ͼ°ˣɱˡ
С֪ͨӵˣ鲻ܹ˵ģССֵϳһ£
꾪æ˵
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Ǹ꾯ΪѿĿһߺ˵ʬ壬֮͸¶һֿ̹ǵĳޡ
ǣ
ǸᾯæӦһܵһ֪ͨȥˡ
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ΪԤһƷǱʯ࣬ɴš
ˣϻжദ˿ں࣬඼ˣֶֻСëˣ΢һ£ڶҲû¶ˡ
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Ҹոռһ£˿۷ĸ֣ôɱģǸ꾯ٶмֺ棬ʵ
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Ʒ˵赭дһ˿̻֮꾯ٿɲûʵսĲһ۷ĸҪɱһֶ̫ˣԷܴһҪɱԷҲ̫ף϶ǧһһ
ӳƷϵ˿ϣܹó
ҿˣһϹǿˣӦõӲɣҲҿȻַӶᱻĸֽǧ򻯣ӣһһϣͺǧϣһƾͿҪǸ꾯ٴܹжϳƷսˡ
Ʒ˵ͷںǸսʱͷˣԼȥһһŵģҲɢˣԷܹ۳룬ɱԶǿ̫ˡ
ѧǧ壬֮ǰҲʦżʱֻ̫ԶҲû̫ϣû뵽һ֡
ȷʵ˵ˣ̵˳֣ʧ֣һ㶼һһմߣ꾯ٵ˵ֵʱ֮б̹ǳ޵Ĺâ
̣ʲộô֮ǰδ˵Ʒʱץסһ仰ص㡣
αͻϮǿҵĲȫУȲҪ֪˵ϡ
أ̵飬ڲҲģǴ򽻵˺٣Դ󲿷˲֪ʲôȻˣʸ֪ˣҾ͸ˣǸ꾯ٵ
ڵޣ֪İɣǸ꾯˵
֪Ʒ˵ͷ޵սӵؽ磬½ش򵽺ϣգ̫Ҳս˵ս
ǵУΪͷ­ѪҲһˣҰĲڱĺȣΪͳ²ڲµ߸ĻЩ˾̣
ǳ꾯һһٵ˵


109 һ죬Ὣ
ʲôȻˣƷʱŭĿԲ˵
ǴСܵĽҪΪܶռ䣬塣
ִƳӢֻһˣǿºպսЩֻЩ˲ŻᱻձΪǴӢۡ
ʲôֵģӴʲôУǸ꾯ЦһڳƷķŭҲ֣Ϊ˼ά
һЩ˴ڹʱʥĸ滲ҲкܶôοڣǸ꾯˵Щ̵Ǳ֮Уƽʱ˿⣬ǾԼݣȡܣԶȫûǱǰ֪Ϣ֯޳𣡡
ֱƷһĴȺȵѧУҲ֪顣ȻΪ£Ҳ
ߣᾯҲĴˣȻҲһߵģ̵Ҳͷһ֪
Ǹ꾯ٺٺһЦ˵һ˵ȻΪЧģһĻ̥֮⣬󲿷̵ĳԱǱ°ߵĺͯ꣬Ȼ󾭹ʮĴߣϴ֮ŻΪã
Ǹ꾯ٵĻʱóƷéٿʱоеⶼˣǸ˿϶̵ĳԱץóĿģӦǲ֪ʲô֪õ츳Ҫ°ߣȻϴԣչµ̳Ա
뵽Ʒɵõһһ뵽ǰˣô뵽ñϴԴ֮ӣƷֻú󱳷
ٺ٣˰ɣӦǱ̵˿ˣȻų֣һǶԺֵͯıȽ϶࣬Ů٣Ǹ꾯ٺٺЦһ˵ȷʵ츳ڣȻҲ̴󶯸ɸ꣬һ˵ֶ̳Ǹɴ䣬ֲܹҾȻ˲ëǶѣǼСĵ̼Ȼãǿ϶ưոݣһж
Ʒȭ֮˸ĹâǸ꾯ٵĻܹоõ̱Ȼһͨ֯϶öԸǲʲô֯ʲôˣҽļˣŹԷ
úٳţС̵̫֪ô֪ģƷӲ⣬̵˿ԵĳֵģǴĶ֪Ϣ
ˣ㲻ҪС̵ĹϵǵԶ꾯˵ɱǵˣǸӲưոˣһ¾ӵˣǱܣɱһ̵ĳԱΪ´󹦣ñأ
ˣлѣƷ˵ͷ꾯ٻ֮е⣬Ϣ¶ȥĻ̵ı϶ûû˵ġ
¶ӣô˽ôģʱһᾯ쿪ʵ
Ǹ꾯ٳĬ˺ܾãȻ̧ͷ˵ΪҵСŮҲ°ˣټʱսϣֿǹ
Ǹ꾯ս˫ȭ˫Ŀͨͼƽ飬ǶǰһĻֵָǰԼֻСŮ飬һӶ޷Ĩȥʹ
սǱƲѣǧɣҲ޷˵ԼеΡ
ûа취ŮֻŮ
˶ĬˣȻ꾯ֻôһ䣬ǶܹףжʹֻԼŮǺεȵʹࡣ
һУɵģ
Ʒ΢΢֮ǰպ÷ˣһ̳Աô᲻Ҳõϡ
¾٣ôһ죬һὫһ򾡵ģƷų꾯һᶨ˵
Ǹ꾯ҲֻЦЦû˵ʲôΪ̫ڰˣҲ֪֮УжҵһԱټͲˣοһ򾡡
鰡
ǿǸ˺󱳵һطһһ׭֣һЩļֶ֮⣬Ҳֻ֮Żֳ̳ԱıʶҲǿǸ֪ݵģǸ꾯ߵǸͷĺ˵ıϣָĲ˵
ƷĬĬ϶к̴򽻵ʱ
أʱ֮Уһ̽յһܴ͵
ڸϵˡ


110 ӵĽ
;Сеһ㳡յܿϾͷɱʮʿСΧס
Ȼһٴ˹ƷһǸ˾ȻѦ
Ѧ￴˳ƷɵҲмȻΪҲûȻƷꡣ
ߵҲʲô
̵㣿Ѧߵ˳Ʒ˵
ңѦ٣ô㣿ƷҲܺ˵
Ѧ΢΢һЦ˵ҿɲѰĲӳ̵飬𣡡
˵ţѦߵǸ˵ߣ鿴һº˵ʬ壬Ȼ˵Ҫץˣ㣿
ǣҪ°ߵãպñҿˣֹˣƷҡҡͷ˵
Ѧ˿˵壬Ȼ󿪿˵ô˵Ǳɱģɲ򵥰һ۷壬һֶҪϣ
ƷֻЦЦȻ˵̫ˣΪ϶ɱңűлɳˣ
ѦûΪƷһڱȳƷǿһ󾳽ĸ˵ڴ⣬ڳƷ˵Ǿһľ档
ʧݣ飬Ѿϱ˾ȷûĻΪ´ˣ̳ԱƷӦû·ΪѦ˵
ƷҲǰզ࣬Ҫ֪һѾӰսҲѣһѰ̳ԱԴȻôֵǮ̵ļɵҲɴ˿ɼһ㡣
Ѧ٣ܹһöԪ鵤ôƷʵ
Ѧ΢΢һȻһЦ˵ô֪Ԫ鵤ĺôôֻҪǾӣֺô͸ɶֹôһأǲϹصģˣ㻻Ԫ鵤
ʱѦҲûз£ƷĴ㣬֪̳Ա˳Ʒ֮͸ӶԳƷȤˡ
ܹپ£취ɱԶԶԼǿĶ֣Σҵ̬صġ
ʵΣҵ̬ȴǺֶܶ߱ġ
лѦ٣Ʒ˵ͷ˵ʱˣҲû취ˣ˵ԶԶûԪ鵤ĸһЩ
Ԫ鵤ĩ֮ǰͻƵҲϣˡ
ĽͷĽӦֱܹӱȥһصѧרҵѡѦ˵ҿǸӣһصѧҲǿϣ϶ҪʮУѧ
ƷҲûн飬˵ͷǰܹصѧ϶ܸ˵ģڣ˵صѧѾֿɵˡ
ưصѧѧ׼ҲֻأѾԶˡ
ҲĿŵʮУѧϡ
һε飬ȻᱻܣҲ¼ĸ˵֮УԺѧϰǹԶԶһЩѦ˵
ˣƷЩεĺôء
´󹦵ҲǲʹͣΨӣŻкܶǰ̵Ϊ࣬Ϊ
ʿ˵ʬ״ߣ˵ϣʱ֮ǰĶ½˾ʿڽС֮еĺܶ˼Ҷˡ
ʱ㣬˾Ͷû˯½½Ŀʼ¥ʿ赲˸⡣
Сľ鶼Ƕ֪һײһˣ϶һ¡
ڱܵĹϵʿҲûǽӽ
ҵʱǶƣǸ̵뿪ʱ򣬸պñѲߵľ췢ָˣֻǴһٵĽٷˣѦ˵һ̵ĿһʱͲˣ
лѦٵıƷóѦıûгɳҪȻʵ̫Σˡ
ˣһҪǵİæѦųƷ˵
Ѧ˵ֻҪܹģһæ
Ʒ˵
̼ȻãôһжǴǱߣͿˣȻǵڱʱ̵ٶȳ֣ͽһ򾡣Ѧ˵
ѦȻǧѷĻᣬЩ̵һ˳ϣץһȺ
ãû⣬ǴӦˣ
Ʒ
ȻõĲҪҽΣһ̵ֱڰĻôҲֻʳѰžӵһ򾡲õѡ


111 ã
ΪŮβ鱼ĳĳɺܿ˵õϢҴҸϻʱ򣬶ɵһ
֪Ů㱻°ߣҲЩ³ĳɺܿҲŵùǺ
ֻǺƽͨѣȻҲǴĳ˵ֻԣ٣彡ѡ
£Ӧ°һӣʲô̫Σ
û뵽һ˫ŮΣգŮ㱻°ߣӲǹǻ붼ú¡
ʱΪ˲Ӱ󻯣ʿѾǸ̳ԱʬװˣֻѦһˡ
Ʒû°ɣܿȷһŮû£ֻǻ֮æܵ˳ƷԱߣŴʯĳƷۿһ졣
ûˣʯѣòͻָˣûʲôϵĩ
ƷһЦ˵˶ôյԼĸĸἰѾȥ飬αͽǵĵء
һԵĳĳûô˵ĵҲһģֻǲܿӱֵǿҡ
úӣã
Ҳ֪ĳ˰ɡ
ˣ裬Ҹǽһ£Ǿ︺Ѧ٣Ѧ٣ҵİ裡Ʒ˫
Ѧ٣ãĳǰһ˵ֻ֮ɻ飬һѰ°˰ôǣӵ
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ã
Ѧ漴̵ͳĳɸһ£ĳɶʱ̵ţҲֻǾڶŶѣǺܶ˶ŹһЩٰжأ
ǲ֪еԣǵ̵ĿԼŮǾ͸Ͳˡ
̵ҪŮ֣һξеڶΣ밲ǼҸб̵˳֣ôͿ˳ãѦ˵
ãû⣡
ĳɵ˵ͷ˵ȻҲЩΪҲֻһѰΪҲû̫ʵս飬ǿ̳ԱǶ֡
о˳ֱȻòˡ
̫ˣȥ˱ǣֻҪͿˣЩ̵˿Ѧ˵
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ĳ˵
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Ǯӣĳɸո˵꣬ͻȻʶʲôƷ˵
Ǯһ취֮ҪطǲҪǰôƵķһʼ֮⣬ҪܳʱĿƣӵһʱڽģǾͲõˣƷ˵
ĳɺܿҲû϶ʲôΪǶ֪׬ǮǣǿʮСŮβǮҲǶӳġ
ͱǿʱһֱھУҲôǾͽһ׷ȥһ׷ӣĳ˵
İɣ֣¶ҾͿˣ
Ʒ˵ͷ˵
˶ûϵһô죬ûеȵڶ죬ǵϾѾˡ
ҹС֮УӰҹɫѾС֮ˡ
һһӰһΪ֮䣬ȻһûС
ȻʧˣֱǷѲߵľˣŴս꣬춼򲻹ˣ
ǸһӰ˵
ҲҪСЩ죬ܶྯ춼ֱӴʿתҵģֱв٣Ҳ֣ҪСЩ죬һľ㣡ǸӰ˵
˵ҲǣһСѣô˶ˣǸзϣ°ȥʲôãǸ߸ӰЩ˵
㶮ʲôҲ֪˴Ķ֪ǸСߣڲзϣСﻹǲзϣǻ鷳ִƼзʲô֫⣬鷳ȱݣҪƺãҪǧ򣬶ҪǼΪôỨôǮƣǸӰյϢ鱨һЩ
Ǹ㲻ˣˣЩҲֲȥ룬ֻҪն˵˴ȥˣǸ߸Ӱ˵
Ǻôĵӣ
һ̽յƣֱյӰϡ
ã


112 Σʱ
ҲսһӾˣԼˡ
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ǾӵͻΧ
Ǹ߸ĺ˼̵˷Ӧ
ҲǺĬһӳΪĵطȥ
ֻһʿţͬʱͻƵʱ򣬲ͬʱסˡ
˸ոһһϹǸʿʱأһӰС֮зӶ
˿ʲôֻоһֻӡԼϡ
أ
أ
һӾ͵˳ȥݺˤ˵ϡ
ǰˣһӰ˳Ѧû뵽ôżҲãʡǶˣ
һǰѦǾ͸ܹԸ˵ģʱ໥һۣһᣬһžҪԾ
Ѧо飬ͷһˣ֣һӾж˵֫°ͣ˶á
ȻѦ˵ݺҳһöĶҩѾǵһκЩ̴򽻵Щ̳Աڳ֮ǰ׼ЩɱĶΪ˱ⱻץ֮󹩳ʲô
ȻЩ̳ԱӲͷϴԹᱳ̣ʵֶҲǲƳ³£а취Щ̳ԱڣֻҪץˣͺðˡ
ǰǴȥǵֽŽϵǵ书ȻҹʣѵץģһҪ취ھеϳʳһ򾡣ѦָЩʿ˵
ǣ
ЩʿæǰѸٴߣһʧС֮С
ѦһȻһ¥֮Уҵ˳ҵķ䣬壬ȻȻѾҹˣһ˶û˯˼ǳƷһʱ׼սӡ
Ѧſţ˵Ѧ٣ôʲôô
ǽŵģһϢ̹ȻǰˣһˣѦ˵
ѦĻҵԶһԴ˵̵飬һ˶ڸ߶Ƚŵ״̬Ǵ̴ڰǷʤֻǧǧշĵġ
Ѧ٣ǲ˰ɣܿʵ
İɣ˴ס֮ǻҹʣȻΧ̣ʱӦûʱǵ鷳ˣǻ˼ǵ鷳ǾǹĻˣѦο˵
˼Ѧ˵ôɣȻǺаգ΢΢һ
ˣһйҪ˯ɣѦһҲûмӰĸо˷ܣץ̳Աܹ˳ץھеܶڣ˵ܹҵڶеÿڣĺãһ󹦣㹻һˡ
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ڿ˯һþˣ
ܿһǷ˵
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ĩҪô죿ܿЩǵĿ˵
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ǺðɣҲԱܱܷͷĳɿ˵˵ȷʵҲûʲôһ˫ŮİȫҪˡ
һ˾֮󣬺ܿ͸ԻصȥˣƷҲһеĻƱֽ֮˴״̬
Ȼֱˣϰ似ϰڹǿԵġ
ƷĽϰڹ״̬ʱ͸оԺһö֮ʳһɹɵȫͷѵֱϣҲʼתʼʼˡ
ʼǶģҲвЧ
ƷӾѵʱѾ˳ƷȻ֣˼СʱˣϵѾõĲˣȻûȫ͸Ѿûʲôˡ
ִҽƿƼ֧ţǱƷҪָزҲҪʱ䣬ֻһϼСʱʹﵽˡ
ϻʼЧƷ档
Ʒƿ˷ţҵ˶ѾˣȻҲû˯á
΢Թ緹֮һ˾ͳˣ˸ɵľֱӸ˾л


113 
һľзɻѾˣȻֻǶеǳ֮һҲǧ˿ڣڹʱǾѾǹʻĴˡ
ڶĺȽ磬ԳҲûеȶãͿʼǻˣΪʶȣڲǮĳƷֱӶͷȲա
ĳɺܿҲ˵˷Ǯˣ֪ӶǣοڶҲǮˣȻͷһηɻҪǧǮͷȲյļ۸㹻۵Ҫ
ڵĳƷ˵Ǯȷʵʲô
˷ɻóĵȥʮҶٳ˵Ҫ뿪ˣʵƷҲǵһͻǰЩȥʵսʱ˾Ҳǵһɻ
͹ʱȣʱɻĴ٣ܶⱲӶûô뿪ĳУΪһ뿪У޾ޣգ½أ󣬵ޡ
ҲΪˣеļ۸ҲȹʱҪĶˡ
ڵĿͻڿƼϵĽͷչʱ˵ҪϺüÿ˵ĿռҲĶˣмͥƱƷľƱһסһ䷿һûбˡ
мŴڴϢ
ҵ˶ɵϢ϶û˯ãÿԳʱúϢһ¡
ɻû㣬ܿˣҺܿͷ˸߿֮УûзɶãոշɳûжãһȺӭ
ǹʱֿͻַޣ·һһܿͻȴǾ߱ŹһļɨͽЩ޸Ͽ
ܿɻͷУƷڿαѧϰڵĿͻһ㶼ѡλãһڵķҲɲе޵ĻΧҲƽķС
бҪɻܳ䵱ɴ浱УִĿͻƣֻһ²ðˡ
ԼСʱ֮󣬷ɻھл
˷ɻ֮󣬳Ʒһ˾ֱӴ˷ɵǰеĿĵأеһҽԺ
ҲĿǰõҽԺ֮һ
Ȼɽ˺ŶӣһǧVVVIPȨģϾͰ˺סԺڲͷк׷Էƽʱĳɺܿ㻤ʱסҾƵסˡ
һж֮Ѿٽˡ
ƷҲòпǮǺöҪûǮĻһסԺҪͲ֪Ҫʲôʱˣһ·̵Ƶܷ
ҽԺ緹֮󣬳Ʒ͸͸ԺҪõĲרһȷϡ
͸¶Ӧûʲô⣬ֻȷһ¶ѣû⣬ͿԿʼˣҪһһҹҲЩҽҲΪŲס
סԺĻ԰֮УƷڳϣԲɵЩſգʱÿһ顣
ĸı䣬ӵõ˵ʼ䴫пʼȻֻǶ̶¶ѣȴоȹȥʮĶҪʣ鶼Ҫࡣ
Ȼ鷳Ҳ٣ǺܸмһõĲͿһ޲ߡ
տУһƻʶ˼·ְݵѾв֪жûиܹˡ
أһžµͻȻһӳ֣ס˳ƷߣһС˿£˳ƷϣһƵС
ƷһæһžµһʱҲû뵽˾ֱˡ
ϴһĴС
ȻƷȥһʮģŮݾ£ˮһͷںڵĳɢTһţп㣬ԵΪС
ȴŮ˭ء
ֻǰʱϼ˫գһƬۺ춼ӵ˲ˣɷǺÿֻΪţϵĲ촽
һ˫ˮһӣĶųƷ˵
ƷһƵ飬˵㲻˽ǽͷһңһĳŻˣڹҿ
ʱİһҽԺһгû뵽Ǹ֮ǰڼϰʦѹԼһͷļһĴҪŻһ£˭֪ȴ
ǵûŵһռ˱ˣ
ǿԼĳǰ
ԼУԼĳǻһǳĻ£ԼǸߴӢ˧ʵǿ˵ģǾԲ£һ


114 һʴ
ƷҲɵȻûоӣܻ׸ղһĨĸоʲô
ʱ򣬴ǲܳϵģĻȨһӾͻ䵽ˡ
ƷĻİǸողſʼСظĲƫƫԼȥġ
ǾϡͿĪûˣȻʮ꣬ѾŮڴˡ
òǳǰɣƷȷӦ˵
ôܣϱͨ죬ǾǲԸǳǡ
е㶪
ǲͽˣҲǳˣˣǹٴˣȻǶǳǣǾͱˣƷҲ֪Ϊʲôͨӣϲ
㣡
ָųƷа׵ָ΢΢
ʲô㣬ģҲϲƽ壡Ʒ
ˣоƷûʲô£Լڵ鱻һͨԼŮ㣬ϰʦĿ˾ȻҲȥ˷ͷ
Ƕעһ˭ںڶ˭
μ棬ɴǶûˣ
ԣǲǳǣǲС촽촽ѣţʱԼܶˣҲǣԼĳǲӤھ͸˰ˡ
ƶ䣬Ʒͣ˵ȥҪˡ
ô
ȶһ˵Ϊʲô
Ʒ˵أԺһ飬ͻȻһ飬Ȼ󿪿˵ˣϴҶû㣬Ǹʦ׺꣬ʲôˣ
Ʒɹתע˵ʶˣ
һ뵽ϴγƷһ׺˭Ҹʶӣɵġ
ҲˣʦоȻвʶԼڵôǿʦнеһСڵĶﰡ
˵ʦֻǵҩ֪ʶİߣҲʶŶ԰
ϴβΪ¶ѵһôһȥȥһ£ԭǴʦƷ˵˵ʦʱҲûѰ˵ֳ羴ֻһֺܵȻ顣
ôʦϵľŵʵǰԵúͨˡ
ǹһҲΨһһʵ
Ʒ˵Ƶᣬɵи̣װǿǴʦòãֲСèС˵һ·˼һ
ǳƷģ϶ǹġ
ߣ
һ
˵Ͱ׺굽ʲôϵƷ˵
ڣ˵
ʵǰ׺ŮԲһֱڣСҲڰ׺ѧϰ֮
Ϊִ˵ձȹʱҪĶˣ֣ļͬǺձ
йϵãȥڣҪƷһ˵˹Ȼйϵ
Ҫ̸⣿ɵĿųƷ˵ôƷܹԼˡ
ԼƽϱǶʲôУ̽ĴһС˾ϰԼڡ
ʲôģ㲻ҪˣڲģҧгݵĿųƷ˵ʱ򣬸պÿԱһɶĳһ
Ʒȴ˿ֻ΢΢һЦ˵㲻ϴεӦʽ˰ɣѵûаǸӦʽڿô
˵ӦʽɫͱˣѾǰͬˣʱѾһЩӦʽ飬ȻӦʽá
ҲƵӦʽڵĻ˵ֻҪܹݳһڵϵķչһΡ
ڰڵһСĵϵﶼӦʽÿǰһҪ꣬ʮʱ䡣
ϴγƷдЩӦʽȻûؼĲ֣ȴ˵Ѿʡʮʱ䡣
㻹Ӧʽ֣æʵ
ҲΣϴô֪ˣƷķӦ֪ʱ϶ѧӦʽ֪ʶˡЩ˵öôҺֱ˵ҿɸ˵˵кܴĺôģˣڵģ
ɵĿųƷܾóƷںϴγƷ׵ľдһȷӦʽʡʮʱ䣬ĻмֿŶȡ
˾֮ǰҲɴͽڸǰ֮ɾ͹ܲˡ
ðɣҴȥڣ


115 ʦ
վѡҪƷȥԼڡ
Ϊ⼸Ҳ˺֪ܶʶҲף¹Ӧʽ飬Ƕ飬ˡ
ȻƷռıˣǻǷֵصġ
ǺðɣɣҴȥڣ
ҲƷʵ
￴һѣģȻ㻹أ
Ƴһ۳ƷȻһֻСһֱתˡ
Ʒ˶٣ֻܸȥȻĸһϢǲԼˡ
ȻƷŸŰһ·ƵߵһƬС
ƷҲǲ֪ھеһҽԺסԺ֮УȻı̾ˣ϶ǸЩȨסԺʱסĵط
ԭԼ˺ĲѾݳˣڿС׼װ̫ˡ
׺ǴʦѣȻҲѰסֱҲ
أţǰһӰӭ˹ǸĿͦΣһۣȻͷ׷ǿȴ˥ϣֻһƣҲǺʮ˲ӡ
ʦ׺꣡
ƷһӾϳ˵ݣ֮ǰȥ鵽֣йڰ׺ƬӰϡ
ڣ
æǰһ˵
׺꺬Ц˵ͷȻĿ⿴˳Ʒ
λӸλĿҲԾĻϼӵĿ⣬һ˶ܹĿ²ʧ̬֣ƷǰȻ̬磬ǿװ򶨣Ǻһͷĸо
뵽֮ǰ˵ģڴ֮ǰƷȻʶȴ֪ӦʽԺ֮ҲֻðһǾǳţ»
ǸƷô׺ǰһ˵
ƷҲ΢΢˵ûҾǳƷ׺ʦˣ
֪϶ǸղŰϢ˻ȥԲŻ˰׺ꡣ
Ʒû׺ȷʵǵõ˰Ϣרţһ˸֣
Ψһԭ򣬾Ϊ֮ǰƷдµӦʽƷдµĶͽʡʮʱ䣬֪ƷﻹûбӦʽĲݣڳƷ˵ĴҲѵ˼˼
˵һʴҪ׺ЦЦĿųƷ˵
ûһʴƷ˵ͷ˵²̸ĵطɣ
ҽԺ֮УͷΪ˱ˣһЩ⣬ʱȴ˲ʺ̸ĵط
Ǻã
׺˵Ʒһ֮С
ⶰһõģڲýһ£
˱֮󣬰׺Ʒɳʱܹɵȥ˵ȥˡ
ڿ˵˰ɣʲô⣿׺˵
뽫һŵ㣡Ʒ˵
׺겻ÿɷġŶһݣ˵ÿÿ춼кܶ뽫Ȼ󲿷ֵĵҪôǲȱģҪôûʲôֵģҲÿһŶյġ
ʲôĵ׺˵
ɣд㿴ƷԱߵĲϣùŵİֽһ֧ʣд
ܿ죬дˣȻ󽫵ݸ˰׺ꡣ
׺걾û̫Եģ䷢ֵĵûУǴ඼ûʲôֵ߾ͷеģûκ塣
嵤׺һʱȤʹ嵤ĵȷʵֻгеı׼һ֣вĶ嵤ʵϣֻб׼һֱϿɣΪԼ۱ߵһֵ
Ķ嵤ĵ϶ֻٲֵĸ׼ģЩ˲ںǮֻҪҩЧõĶ嵤
ֵкܶ࣬ûȤ
Ŷ˵أǿȥһ·Ǻܱ׼Ķ嵤ĵǺܿͷ˲ԣⲻһ͵Ķ嵤
Ǿڴ˵ĸ֣ҩģܹŵļ۸񣬺ͱ׼ҩķò࣬ǵ³ƷдţҩЧѰ嵤һ
⼸˲侪Ҫ֪Ա׼Ķ嵤Ϊ׼˵һЩĶ嵤ĵҩЧҲͱȱ׼嵤ĵǿһɵɣܶɵľѾǼΪٮٮˡ
ЩҩЧĶ嵤Ҫ׼ƳĶ嵤۸һࡣ
ϼصĶ嵤ҩЧȻǱ׼嵤һ۸ȻǺͱ׼嵤ࡣ
дĿģ׺æʵ


116 ԼҸɽ
׺ڱסˣûа취һ˵ˡ
ʵΪⵤĲͬѰԽǻĵҩԽǲ󣬵һɹôЧҲġ
ÿ඼֪Ҫڶ嵤ҲûжϹָ汾Ķ嵤ҩЧȱ׼嵤ǿһĶ嵤Ѷǲ۸ҲǳɼαǣҪõĲҲѰɼԴֲëǵĺҩġ
ּ͵Լ۱ȣһĺ֮ҶòЩ֮УҲֻи󱲾ӢֲƳɱķʽ
ƷҩЧϻȻ𾪵ģ𾪵õҩĶѰҩģ۸׼嵤ƽ
𾪵ģ
֪ʲô˸ģ֪ǵҲĵزɣв滻ҩͿԵģҪҩģмΪ̵˽⣬пܸĵز
ûˣǾֻһֿˣǳƷˣӳŴż֮ھ򵽵ġ
ףģǶһʲƸֻҪģͿ׵ĻеǿУڶ嵤ϣûܺ
ڼ۸£˭ԸҩЧһĵҩأǶǮڴˡ
һӱסˣûʲô¢ϸ׬Ǯˡ
ǲģʵ״ʦֻҪѵԼĹ˾һŵùʦʵһ£֪ôƷӹһ߰ݸһˮɳϣе˵
վڰ׺棬ĹĵĿɵЦЦ
漴ƷֽĿת˰׺ϣ֪ǰ׺ĵʦ¶һӴĵҩţԴԴϵΪṩֽĻôʽ𣬸͹Ӧ
԰׺Ҫ֤ʵǷǳ򵥵ġ
Ʒŵģ׺궼ɵ˼ֺ棬ʵ㵹ŵĺܣ㲻һŵôǵһŵҲۺɣ
Ȼǿۺ죬ۺһŵǮơ
һŵѣ״ʦ̶ֳֻȵҾ̫ʧˣԺĻеǣһŵ̽ƷҾúֵãƷ˵
׺۾ĶųƷƺҪƷǿװ򶨵ӣ˭֪Ʒѹһǳӣûһ˿һǿ
ƷĵȷԼһŵأе㹻õľۺˡ
Ʒ΢΢һЦ̫ˣ嵤ĵȻ󣬵Ƕڵõ˵ʼ䴫е˵ȴʲô
ʸĵɲֹôһûһ嵤Ҳģʲôµġ
һ嵤ĵ̽һ˵ƷΪֵõģܱԺʱ򣬱ҪǿĶˡ
Ȼ׺ˣǳƷҲ϶취Ū׺Ĺ˾һ˵ҪŪһʦĹ˾ǸܵģҲǵòʧģȻҪѪ
ӵʼ䴫еĳƷ˵ȴ췽ҹ̷ͷôĵõĵơ
ϾֻһѪѣôƵԸ˰٣ҲҪöԷһǧ
ѡڰ׺Լ˾ƷҲϸǹģĶ嵤ȻãǼ۸̫ͣڻҩȻ󣬶ֻҪ಻˺󣬾Զг
Լһ˾ÿƴأͼʦڸ߼ʦ˵һö߼ҩļ۸ȵϰʮöǧöĵͼҩǲ׬ǮĴͷ
ȻרѣΣգԼƼöЩҩ˾࿴һۣערӴ㹻һЩҩ˾ˡ
ˣͳ֮ˣǸʱЩҩ˾ôô
ȻδɵЩҩ˾㱨Ĳ²Ҳ֡
ܹһǿĿɽͲͬˣѹĿɽܹסֻҪǮͿˡ
Ѿ絤һС֮һİ׺꣬ʸĿɽ
¢϶嵤ֲ¢ȫҩ̶ֳȵѹ׺ǵסġ
ҲΪʲôûк·诺ԭ·诵Ĺ˾Ȼ˲Сķչˣַӻùˡ
һڴＯţס·ȫòе
ãе˼
׺Цһ
Ƚǹ˾û⣬̸


117 ɵĴˣ
׺Ц·ղǿӪŷΧˣһ
ƷĿ֮£û˿Ļţǲǿװ򶨣ĺܵȻν
ӻɣƷıǲʲô֧š
Ͼ˵еõһΪɾͲˣȻܹѹȫȫİ
ͺֵ˼ˣ˵㵤ܹΪʦģһʦкûʦеʦȫͬġ
еõ˼Ҫĺʽ𣬾Ͳһûиŵܹõġ
͸ԵôʱĳƷͬѰˡ
ֻ֪Ʒǵ˵ʵļ䣬һҪķ޾ʽп͵ĵϵΪֱӼ̳еġ
׺꽫һŵɨһȻͻԼĹ˾ù˾ʦʼյϵĿʼƣɰܽܿͻˡ
Ȼ׺ʩʩȻȻ˵һΣеļ󣬻Ƕָˣ֪Լģʦģ
׺껹̽һ£Ʒ󣬵ûʲôǿĿɽ
ôԵļСӶóõ˸ôƷ˿ӵ˵
׺ֻоԼϵļⶼеˣСӶó˵СӶ翩
ڰ׺İЦĹǺȴҷֻǱɫͨ죬һһʵġ
ԭԼԱҲųԱˣôһ룬ԼǸһϳԱˣҲʲôرԽܵ
ͻȻúöˣ
׺ֻ˼ڨڨһЦ̽Ʒıˡ
ϴдǸӦʽ׺̽˵ƷʲôʲôģҪ
ܹƵһӦʽôԿ϶ԶĲ˵룬һҲǷǳпܵġ
ûˣ
Ʒֱն˵ôɿء
Ҳ֪ӦʽҪڳŴ֮УÿһӦʽɵ޴ĺ䶯ÿһƵӦʽˣΪʱٮٮߡ
ƵӦʽĲ֣ǻ˾ҲֻǾѣϾ壬˵мֵҲУҲѣȫһӦʽ㹻Ȼˡ
ҲṫӦʽǵõԱ֮֮󣬾Բڡ
Ʒ˵ն׺ҲɵЩʧҲδɹ֪ҲһӦʽûнƷ㱳ˣɡ
ӦʽһϢûС
䷽ƵĶ嵤ҪСʱܹ¯ƷҲż׺Ϊĥʱ䣬ʼһЩͳƷġ
ֻǴʱѣǰ׺ܿͷ˲ԣΪ׳ʲôĻ⣬Ʒܹӵϡ
һʼʱֻһЩǳԵĻ⣬ƷԴҲɵ˼ֿУ˼ʼ˵ܿ쾪ϲķ֣ƷԼļ⡣
ֽ𰸵ʵȴ˼ȷȷʵʵԼļ⣬вٵļ⣬һ֪ȫͬ
˵ֻҪ֪ʶϵرʲô֪ʶѲƷ
Ҳð׺갵ľ˵Ʒ֪ʶѾﵽһּΪ˵ĳ̶ȡ
δƷֻ֣֪ʶ˵ǼϰʦˣǿʽʦҲǺġ
һ㣬ԼΪСŮҲǱȲϵģʦһǳʱְҵʽϵ֪ʶҪʱȥġ
СԼߣּʶ֪ʶ˵ͬˣͬΪϰʦЩʦҲԶԶȲϵġ
Ȼһǰ٩٩̸ǰԵʵС׼ˡ
оֵǣƷ̸֮͸¶һЩ֪ʶԵ÷ǳɣ֪ܶʶǶԣȴѾԵ÷ǳˡ
ȻִϵʦԳŴʵϣںܶϸڴѾʱĲͬЩͳŴѾྶͥˡ
лвԼ޶ģǳƷ̸¼ǼʶһЩķԵ÷ǳɡ
˵ɾǴģִֻѾ˸õڿƼ֧£ǰ顣
ƷԵһɵѧ˵ѧ̵Сѧɻ˺ܶꡣ
ƷɳߵĴˣ
ָоŽԽ룬оҲԽ̣ԽƶԼжϣ϶ġ
ִᣬҲȷʵһЩ޵ɣģ࣬˲Ϊ֪ǵĴк͵ȴˡ
ǰִˣƷĸоЩһޡ
϶ɵĴˣ
׺ĵжϣ


118 
Ķ֮󣬰׺һӾ;ûȻˣԭһЩֵĵطҲͲˡ
ΪʲôƷᣬ֪ʶȴˣҲΪʲôƷܹóһŸĶ嵤ĵгƷܹдһֵӦʽ
ΪƷ̫죬һɵʵ̫ˣ̫
һоܹõˣôҲͲˣҲһЩС˼ԭֻǲ²ƷǲʲôϵĴڿ϶˳Ʒıվһ֮Ǿһˡ
ɵĿ£֪
ǰĴֱʱ֮ؽ֮Уһըʱڵ󲿷ֵĳŴľգԲܹγΪʱ֡
ǻһֵľһЩҵЩ˾ֱҵһŴɵפأõɵһдУһϵһ˻۵֪ʶķŹЧĵҩвٷȵȡ
ЩЩ˵ǰǾư£֮һĴţ˾ʥأɵǰ
һЩѡϢģȴ̺ž˵ĵ̣Щɽ¶ˮģǴȴķ档
СһɣʵҲʮ־ˣ
ЩɵĴˣҲʱʱĳ˼ߣһȷʵһ
ȻЩɣҲ̸£Ϊ֮еĴʦܹԴҲͬѰһֱõĺ
ҲģֻĴڣܲǣǾˣƾ׵ĸԼǿС
ţԳƷ̬Ҳ࣬һƷҲоˣɵеĪ֪ڸղŵ̸֮У׺ѾԺ֮УԲһɴ˵ݡ
֪Ҳν˵Ҳһܺõıɫ
ڰ׺İȷˣǰ٩٩̸ĳһˮƽȷʵ֮ϣȻԸϣҲóϣһʼ׺ͳƷ̸ʱ˼άϣڣѾˡ
ʽʦĳ̶ȣѾ֪ʶΧˣֻܶ׺Щɴ໹û˵
ǲ۰׺׳ʲô⣬Ʒܹ٩٩̸һϵˮƽҪԶԶ֮ˡ
Ⲣû٣Ҫһϸµ˼СΪʦ׺Ĵˣ˵ͬˡ
ܹȼҲôˣҪ˵ȫȫȷʵԼǿģûУƷǵһҲΨһһ
ֻǻѧϰ飬ϰʦ˲ǸոտʼѣʽʦˣԺ˫еǽʱ
ʱ˵Уȥ˼Сʱһֱ׺յ˹˾ǱߴϢ
ȥǱﾪȳԾֻ֮һ˼ǾǳɹˣҩЧ⣬ҲȷʵдԼԭ׼һ
Ȼ׼ǵӵ˼Ľ֮󣬰׺껹¶˼𾪵顣
״ʦ˰ɣƷһ׺ı飬Ѿ֪ˡ
Сѵʮ򶨰ѵ¼ͨô֪֮䣬׺ڳƷĳƺҲСѡ
ǴŰ׺ڳƷĳ̶ֳϵϿɡ
ôܲͨƷ˵̸һ¾ĺϸڰɣ
ã˵˵
׺
һֽҪռɣƷ˵
һֽû⣬Уɣ׺̷˵һֽȻ˵ǳ࣬Ƴһŵܹ˵ʲô
˵һҪóһɣǣ浽ʽɾ̫ˡ
ɣ״ʦҲ̫˰ɣƷ
ҾֻṩһѣǵҩɱɱҩĳɱԼҪסҩ˾ķˣ¶ɶʲôǮô׺ҲǵȻ˵οԼŵȴԼҺΪܹṩЩԴ
Ʒһ£Ȼ˵ɣһֽһɣǸһϣԺܹгõĺҲϸϽƽϣɣɵĻڣ
֮ǰ˵ɣȻҪۣػǮһе۸
ȷʵͬ׺˵ṩĵȷʵֵǮܹһŵӳӦеļֵǰ׺ֻ꣬ڰ׺ϵȵȣпŵ󻯡
ҪǣܹҵһǮۿĵĺ顣
Уɽ׺


119 ͻ
׺꿴ųƷ֮Уּ͵ɫ
ýˣ
Ķý˵ģʵǺܶ࣬һɿƲǺܶ࣬ʵϣƷУֻһṩ߶ԡ
ܶˣһŵҪ֪˵ֵҪЦġ
Щ浱ţ˾ǳسɳĲɣ
Ĺ˾ѾҪ˼ȫӪɱṩˣʱԷҪһҧһǸķֳɣôܡ
˫ƽƽĴڣֻƾһŵҪƽƽҲܡ
ֲ֪ˣһˣ
Ʒ֪ˣŻԳƷ¶֮⣬ˣгúĿԡ
Ȼһ£ҪշɺԼµģϾҲǳصģΪΪ
ɲԼǣҲڱǣǶ̤ɵĻķҲǡ
Щʵ׵ĺܡ
ȻѾЭʣµͼˣһ˺ԼǩԼһ£Ϳˣ
׺˵
׺һģӴʦŶӣ׺꽫Ҫĵ֮󣬲ʮӾѾԼˡ
Ȼģ壬ֻҪеһ޸һ¾Ϳˡ
Ʒ鿴һºԼȷûʲô⣬ʵǺܶ࣬׺ⷽ滹Ǻûʲô壬Ҳ̡̫
ǩ˺Լ֮󣬵ӺԼĲ־Ѿϴ֤Ӧûʲôˡ
ǩ˺Լ֮ûжãƷĵоͷϢ˻֮жһԪƷ֮ǰŸո׬˼ǧ򣬵ǵԪҲǲɵ΢΢
ı仯һֻһĸо
״ʦˬ죡Ʒ˹˵
ȻԼҪһԪҲŹܶЩ˾磬иһҲӶþӶãӵǲ׻ġ
ЩǮǷϢǺܶǮˡ
·诺·诸Ǯһֱˬ죬Ϊ·׺֮Ĺϵȫͬ
Żð׺ˬ죡
Ǯ˵㲻ʲôҲ˵ˣԺ󱣲뻹кʱС㲻ǶӵˣҲɱȡѵˣ׺ǺһЦ˵һָоպ˵ͳƷк
ǾȸˣƷ
ųƷת뿪˱׺Ŷ԰˵ƽʱһֱߣڲ֪ʲôˣ˰ɣ
죬ǿɰȻϣﻹ֪ƷȷʵĶ࣬Զԡ
ڣһŬģһᳬ
Űģȼ־׺겻ɵ¶˼ֿοЦݣⱲʲôû֪£µһ겻˲ʶߣǷһ
Ʒص˳ĲУʱĸòŸողμҽĻ顣
Ʒˣ׷ǰ
ôҽô˵Ʒʵ
û⣬ҽ˵оųɵİգĳ˵
ǾûˣҽĿ϶˵ԼȫİյģоųɾͺȫаҲûʲôˣƷһϲ˵
ĳɵ˵ͷоΪοԼܶ⣬ڵõ˽ˡ
һУΪԼĶӣ
ڻûʲôˣԺҪµʱָʱ䣬Һ趼㻤㲻Ҫĩôȵȼɣ̵ٵȼ˵ɣȿٻȥɻô죬Ӧü
ĳ˵
ˣ磬ղǸѦ˴һж㣬˵֮ǰӦĽʱ濪˵
ƷһһԷϵһӣ֪ӦһöԪ鵤ˡ
óŽһͻơ
һһ֮󣬳Ʒͽ׷һ䵥ķ֮Уʼ׼ͻ
˴ϣת˻ʼȻһԱߺһöԪ鵤
ҩոսУ̾ͻΪһůȫȻͱתʼʼ
Ԫ鵤ҩЧȷʵǿԭǼ̵صϣ̾һůĳ֮¿ʼɶ
Ʒ˻ʼĳʼܹѰ޷ģһĹûôĳ
ǻʼһһĳ
ƷҲǲ֪ƣ룬ÿЩƣʱԺ֮оһȫýƣ͡
Ҳ֪ȥ˶ãһ㱡ڱ˹ȥ
ͻƣأ


120 
ͻƵˣ
Ʒ³һͻƵأܹоԼʶԵ
ͻƵصʱ򣬲ֻͻһ磬ͬʱҲڲϴ򰾴Լʹܹ֮ϡ
ȻǰǳŴҲãִҲãΪһкܹߵĺԶΨ˫ޣ̹
ֻٶȶһ޴ǿ뵽һ磬дӵһ̣ԶԶǹ̷ֻ˵ҩܹͻƵġ
ٲ鿴һʱ䣬ȻѾǵڶˡ
ƿ˳ȥһҲֻʣ˳һˣĳɺܿѾˡ
أƷʵ
ǶȥҽǾûн˵磬ͻ
Ʒ˵ͷͳҲûʲôġ
̫ˣҾ֪ģ
۾Цһһ
ˣԹûУƷĳСԴȻʵ
ûأԼԵ㣬ұҪٲҾԼһˣǽҽԺͷɣղҺϲˣеһҽԺķб֤ģһЦ˵
Ʒߺ˵ȻģǻôǮҪ˶ϸҾȥͶǣ
ò˵Ĵȷʵһ˵ϸַḻֱͣһרŵĲΪ֮һƷ֪ȷʵôһרֻΪ˺ڵĲ˷Ĳ
ó˷ûãĳɺܿͻˡ
΢Ϣһ£ƷҲûϢϾĩҲûмˣץʱԼ
һΣûѡôʱ䣬Ҳо޴ֻҪסΪͿˡ
һǸ˵ĶԿҲ̵ʶһܴĶ̰壬Ǿȱһܹڹؼʱסӵĵơ
˵ս˵ǶǶȦǸϵջɱ˺ˡ
ΪǸȷʵ޻֮òԼֱ֣ӱķԹۡ
Ȼ׵ԭͺ˵ʵԶȱһҲʵ
֮ǰ˼꽻֣սôãҲδܻ˼꣬˫ʵԭҲȱ˱ƣһƣܹʵٷְ٣ٷ֮ٵıô˼һսҲýֵǸز
߶ʶֵƵãܹڹؼʱŤתս֣ΪʤﵣǹֵƣֻǵףԶһ似ҪѵĶˡ
ֽ׶εѧ˹ֻĻѧѾǳķʱˣûʱȥһŵơ
ĶԽԽǿѧ֮еٮٮߺ;ӢѱԷеƣ˴ѧ֮ͷǳձˡ
һ£ܹ޵Ķ̶ʱڽԼʵһַ
֮󣬳Ʒ뿪ҽԺҽԺԶҵһΪȫϰĹϵʮֵձ飬ΪǳƷǰҾһûǮڼҲϰ似ҪԸʮձ飬ǹʱʢһʱĸһ
һɾƷͳ˾Ӱսʼ
ʱҲǺֻܶ࣬һҲ˳Ʒ
һ˼֮󣬳Ʒڵ֮Уҵһ׵Ϊ
һ׵ڵ˵̫ĵֻǵõһ׵ֻǴԵĿһۣδ
ڵ˵̫ĵĳƷ˵ʵģ似ԽǿԽõģҪʲźá
ֻʱǿʹ˻ħȭеһɽֱ֮ӵ߹Ƕѵһһɽ֮ʵǻħȭеﵣǿһС
һ׶ֻкܼ򵥵У
־֪һһиΪֲӡ
һУܹģǳ󣬶ҪȵܹˣڸҪ쾳ܹ
һ׺켶ĵʤܹס
ϵʩչв쵶ڵʼе쵶֮УҲΪġ
ҲĿǰΪֹƷʵѡ
Ʒ۾һ׶ϢھҲһӸͷȻԺ֮Уϳ档


121 ɣò
еһҽԺһ֮УһӰŲϵı任Σƶ֮䣬δǿҵƣеĳ趯֮䣬ǿҵ˵۶Կ֮С
ˣһ˿һ

ƷһȣеĳһɽһɨǰȻ˵ķˮһȻһž
ڷһ֮󣬳ƷǱȫһɫҰףȫ¶ڲԭһֻ־ܹסľӰս˫ţڲ
꣡
ƷϵĴŴ嶼ڲϵҲѾˮʪˣ˾ͺǴˮһ
Ʒʼָ⼸֮УѾ˺öˣš
ʼڻָķ棬ҲԶƷԤϵĳЧò˶ãȫĹָܹ
ʼﵣѾʱˣ
ʱ䣬ڽ֮еĵһʽˡ
еѿ֪Ȿһ׺ĵȻһʽҲеѶҲ
ҲǳƷԾ˿Ƿһ˵ĻֻһҲδܹɡ
ֻǸոմʩչĻѣ̺ıȴǺ쵶ѧ˵֪Ҫ϶ٱ
ڳƷԼ˵Ҳǿʷˣڵõ˵ʴ֮ͷһֻĳһѧġ
ʩչĶȷʵҲûóƷʧ˵һࡣ
Ψһĺ֢Ƕ̫ˣڳƷһҪһܹɣҲǳƷʲܹ˸ߺ־ǣһо͹ֱſˡ
ȻĵĿţƷﻹͦģһбͲΪʽʹõģֻΪʹõġ
ʵҲܹ֮һֱ쵶ΪֹǸʱ򣬲ĴԲ
һƷͻָһС룬ϰǲϰʩչ߿絶֮󣬵ĵһңͿʼʩչȻԼһָ֮ͣ
ԱߣһרõҽҩӣҩϵĲȻɳԲּ˵
ʱ䣬֮е˶֪ˣһˣ˳Է˯Ͷ֮Уͣ似
Ҳúܶ˶ʼ׷ԼഺҲٹǸʱҲഺĺˮ׷ϳֶԴӱҵϰ֮ЩҲزȥˡ
Ʒ֪⼸Ѿһˣ֪Ҳ⣬ڵֻѡ
óѾɣڻǧ֮󣬾еһҽԺ߳Ķõҽõҽ豸Щܺõı֤õɹ
˳ʮڵõֻҪпƣǳѾή˺þˣʱҪָӦеĳ̶ȻҪơ
ѽⶼˣ֫ήʲô¶ֻҪ㹻ʱ䣬ܹȫָ
Ȼ׼ǳ֮󣬻̲סϲĸܿƣһֱΪŮ򼲲ΪڻеʱСĵԵʣһֱĻΣڣһʯͷڿԷˡ
׳ĳЩҲΪõĲܣ࣬ΨԼ֪Ҳڿһˡ
˵ˣǳԼֿ־ɢõͻȻʲôʱͻȻˡ
Цĺܿģ֮ǰǿװԸñ˵ĵЦݣЦݣǱ͸еʮСŮЦݡ
ǿװ£۵Ķ£ֻǸЦЦÿ޾ͿޣöʲôĶ
ЦݣƷ֪ԼŬûа׷ѡ
˵ǲΪӪһһĳıڽ˳ôһٽ
ڣǣõĲ飬ƷʼȫȫȫΪĩĶʮǿѡ׼
һΣҪһľϲ
ֵ˺һƷָĲˣץһҽҩеҩ̷һ֮󣬾ֿʼȫĵͶ뵽֮ˡ


122 У
ڶһ磬ɫһƬڣܹһ¹֮Уɫ»
Ʒ𴲣˸ĸûо˯еã;ֱ˻ҪضвμĩҲ֮һĩ
ɻ׼ڰСʱ֮󣬽Ʒ͵˶УʱҲ賿ߵѣ˸ɵǰʮУպøѧʱ䡣
Уſڣѧڸĸ֮ͬ£ѧУ
ǶѾôˣøĸ͡
ȫУĩʱ䣬ุĸǷĲ£һͺӡ
⻹ţȵ߿ʱ򣬲ȫԱ˵ĸ߿ڣǵʱҲûκθı䡣
ıֻһͬˣӱ͵ĿΪ˸ĸȴԼĺӣһһ಻
ЩУɫĳƷ֮󣬻˺ܶ˵ע⡣
ǸѧЩ֮УƷŷĶʮǿ֮ԼѾңΪ˲෹Ļ⡣
ƺѾŷڵ֮սȶȡ
Ҫ֪ԴӸһѧĿƻ˶ңң˵һ
ûܹᲢۡ
ÿһĩ˽̨Ȼһֱŷʤฺ٣Ȼ˻һϵĴڡ
ÿ˵ıȽϾ꼶Ϊע飬˭ҪʤˣƺѾÿһĩһ̶Ŀˡ
񣬳ƷŷĶʮǿԼ֮սȻгŷ֮սȶȣҲ˶ʵĹϵ
ÿ궼ŷڵսôе㿴ˡ
⼸ƷȻڣȶȲûм١
ƷڳˣһΪ᲻أ
ʲôģǿŷʧˣҲٰɣʲôµģ
ͲˣԽˣҲԽʧܣòײŴͷǽŷڵҰŷϣﻹȥ
ѧڳƷ۷׷ףһ꼶ѧһսš
ǾǳƷѧɣƣ
Ӧûˣ꼶һʦǰ컹أ˵ǰҲһһѧڽ֮ȫ汬ˣҲ֪֮ǰ׾ͻȻˣ
ɲǣɾǴ˰ɣʦ˵ˣѧʮˣܶǺڳӵģȴǴû
˵ȫУһŷһԼ֮սأڽˣȻǰǣҪܹʮǿѡϣǲ
ѧĸĸҲЩѧۣ׷ԼĶӡ
ʲôƷģôô
̾ѧ˵ȻˣƷѧˣȫУģ
Щѧĸ̾˽⵽ˣȻǵһÿѧУҲôһһѣܹΪһ̫ˣܹΪһѾǺǿˡ
Ʒո̤༶УעĿĿ⣬ŷԼ֮սҲΪȫĿĽ㡣
ЩĿ֮УҲŷ
е˼ֱǿˣŷͫ΢΢Źȥ˶ʱ䣬ƷȻֱǿˣֱǿ٣һ㣬ܹó
漴ȻһЦе˼Ʒ̫ˣôһҲûʲôˡ
Ʒŷ΢΢ͷ֮󣬾ͻصԼλϡ
ոջصλϣߺ־Ѿ˹
û˰ɣߺ־˶٣ȻСĵʵƺʵʲôõĽ
ͳƷǺֵܣȻƷô飬ʱ䣬Ҳ˽⵽Ʒﻹôһ򼲲á
õĲͽڵĹǺһҲ޲ߣǸƽʱ㻨ǮͱȺܶϰĹʶߡ
ǶСǮǧ־޿˵ˣҲòֻһһĸѡ
ҲֻǰĪǰͻȻյ˳ƷϢ˵Ҫȥβȥˣ⼸Ҳһֱڵġ
ûˣҽ˵һӣͺһһˣƷЦ˵
̫ˣߺ־ƷһֱڵõĲںˣƺжһ׮ˡ

Ʒ˵ͷʱоһеĿ⣬˼ꡣ
˼Ŀ⣬һյ˼귢Ϣ
⼸컹ðɣƷһûµϢ˼ûмˡ
Ʒ͸ߺ־һ˵ĿҲʹӳƷƿˣûôĺ棬ϾͬѧҲȫ˽⡣
ֹ˺һڣ˽


123 ˿ʼ
˶һ񣬷׷׿ķ
ʦã
˲βʺ

价һˣ˵ͷ˵Ҷˣܺã׼һ£һ¿ԣϹأȿĿƣȻٽƵĿˣ
˵˵ͷĦȭƣѧϰһѧ֮ǼɹʱˣǶЩصѧ˵һĻˡ
ѹľ֣ԽǿǰôȻҲԽ࣬Ȼÿ˶ɱǰʮǿǺʣǵôá
ǹϵܲܿصѧģ¹ʵġ
ʮУѾˣЦλжŷڣҲδܹʮУ
һѧǾ͸ϣãˡ
ˣҳɣȥԣ
˷˺֮˵
Ʒ͸ߺ־˼ҲţߵſڵʱȴŷȴŷųƷ˵˱ˣȻҿɾ̫ʧˣ
Ʒ˵ͷܹоȻŷ֮вǲûж⣬ֻǽԼΪֶѡ
ģңûôף
˰պϼصĿϢǰĿƵĿ
ܿ죬ĿƵĿԾͿʼˣƷڵ±ɣưĿƿˣ֮ǰֳͬѧƣͳһһ𿼺ˣ۵Ŀ
ֻۺĿĵѧѧɵȵݡ
˵һѶȶûС
αȫˣȻûʲôѶˡ
֮󣬼һ飬ȷ˻ûʲôˣӦ֡
ϣѾˣưصĻÿ֮ƵĿ˳ɼΡ
ʱڼ࿼֮УʦǶۼִ豸ȫλļӿ֮еķ棬õѧס
ֻҪ࿼ûʲôˡ
ЩصģѧĿǰǻвʦפġ
ţƷȻˣѧĺʵϧˣȥɱɱˣӦѧĿÿȥô࣬༸ʲôã֮ҪǶһѧңǱȵ϶һأ
һĿƵʦ˵Ȼ˵䲢أ䲢أܹԼԼݵأµܵȻܻӭ
ѧͦõģһ̹ǲ˼ݣưѧĵĻҲѧԺԺʿҲûпܵİɡ
Ŀưʦ˵ȫһϧӡ
Ǿɣϰ츳ôãҪѧģҲܿһصѧŬŬʮУҿҲϣ
ʱһưʦˣ̲ס˵
Ϊְ࣬ⶼоÿ߿ѧʾǱƴĶ
ȻưѧͷȻʵư౻ĿưѹһͷȴҲû취ʵ
Ϊϰ䣬ϵҪ֮⣬ҪǴУԴ
ģԴȴǺģѧУֻѰѧУܹṩԴҲޣԺѺЩѧ
ЩѧҪ϶ʮУ϶ѧΪб׼ġ
ȻѧľͲͬˣֻҪʼ㹻ŬͿԳͷء
ʮ֮ʱʱĶܹѧʮУÿ궼Ա֤ô˿ϡ
ĸĵõȫ֡
ԵĳƷ˽ң֪ΪĹϵѧУĿưưʦСС˼䡣
Ϊ̫࣬ܿ죬ưѧҲˣĿư໹ĿĿҪԣưľҪ׼ƵĿˡ
֪֪ĩҪôƷߺ־һʵ
֮ǰʦ˵ˣ㲻ڣ֪Ҳߺ־ƵĿԷֳ֣һǻˣǽпˣܵĶֵĲֳͬɣϸ㣬֮λˣŻʮҵıƴʮ֮УԶֵıֺʤȣųľѧУˣѡǰʮǿ֮⣬Ҳ̭һЩصѧȻݲһЩͨľӢѧ

ƷͷȻ֮ǰѾְһˣÿѧڻǻеԱ֤صоۼưѧ
⾺ҲǷǳңǰѧ˵ǰʮѧ˵صеĻᡣ
ֹ˰СʱƿڿʼˣѧǶ֮У׼пˡ


124 ʤ
Ȼͷһν磬ǳƷо̾ȻĽʵͶӰȥʵﶼûʲôֱ
⿿Ƽģ˵Դͷһֻ˭Ҳûм飬ἰҲǺܶࡣ
ڶ֪ôһ£Ҳֻ֪ôһ°ˡ
ڽĿ֮ʽ˾Ϳʼˡ
ڳƷǰһߣھصڵΪ
ͨѧʱҲڵΪˣϾƵͨҲҪϲܹ롣
ڹȥһѧڣµﵽڻûʲô⣬ĿѶȲܴ
ڳƷ˵Ǿ͸ˡ
ֱһžͽ߸߷˳ȥֱӾͻʧ
Ǹ֮󣬾ͳ˵ڶߣʵǿһЩѾΪ
֮ǰְ࿼˵ʱصҲĹˣ˸޷赲ƷĽŲһֱӽߵʧ١
һصߣֻҪߣͿԵõۡ
صѧл϶ԵõۣͨУҲһЩۣ󲿷˶ֻܵõõۡ
صҲסƷ·ȭֱ֮Ӿͻʧˡ
Ȼʹ֮˳ˡ
ʣµľ֮սˣ֮սʵ浶ǹһֻˡ
ѧУ̨ϣʱѾǰĲμӿ˵ưѧ
һѧУҽҵļʦװҽеҲֱӰᵽ̨ϣԱʱʹá
ʱѧɲǷְ࿼˵ʱǸʱȭŹֻҪעһЩʹˣִҽƿƼ˵ĶС¶
ڿɶ浶ǹĽ֣һˡ
ȵѧǶ֮УҲѾϯ̨ϡ
˷磬˵λݷݷѧǣһѧһεĩƲּʼҲһĩϣܹɣԼˮƽĻҲ˵ˣעϢڱʼ֮ǰǰ֪ͨǣ
Уһ£ưսҲҪʼˡ
ڿʼˣֵСүһչȭŵʱˣ
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ӣҪţжţȫһ־Сһ
Ʒַ֪ţ̲סݺݵһš
ģֱӹ˵һ֣
Ʒɵ˵
ܣ㰡˼갡ڰŷ⼸̬ûɶ⣡ߺ־˵
ǱƷһԱߵ˼꿴һĻɵ¶˼Ц⡣
ܿ죬˶ԽӵϢһѾʼˡ
Ʒ̨һ̨
ʱ̨Ѿվһ˸꣬ųƷ˵Ʒ֪㣬Ҳ֮ǰûпص࣬ҾҪ̤ļ򣬿ư࣡
Ʒ΢΢һЦ֪Щ˵˼ϾȻĺܹ㣬ʵ϶Զﴫļûж١
ŷһһĿ˴ȷʵ֮ϣǲҲϡ
һЩո˵ѧ϶˴һˣֲҲδػϾʵУʵ˸ࡣ
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㲻ðοңǻᱻִ۴򵹵ôǶأδ˭˵ĺأҳҪߺ־˰˵ԼСģñڵֻܺģҲûˣĸʺܴ󣡡
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վ̨ϣƷңңԣվţڻǸ˼ѹȸС
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˵һս˺ܶ˶Ŀת˹ѧҲʦ
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128 ûʸ
ֻһ˵˵ʲǫ̂ϵںͳƷѾ˶̱ӵĽ׶Ρ
ڷ˹ȳƷԤϵٶȸ죬âȻѾɨ˳ƷǰǿֲĵֱӽƷմ۵ġ

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ڵѾˣѾһʼܹͳƷйأϣ˹ˣƷôô೤ѵ츳Ĺô
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129 䶯
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˵ǳںŷ֮ս߳Ʒŷ֮սӦܹעһսˡ
һվ֮ǰ˻Ͽ˵һ·ɨģûκεˣֻԼˣоͱɵˣûһĶ֡
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ڳŷȼ磬ѧУƷ½ķ˵ȫУĿ
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ǲʤ˶ܹóͷβĽ඼˳ƷϣصΪȻƵĽĴ룬Ϊ౻ˣòϵĵڣУ˴
ԭˣԭԿķܱԼǿˣƷǿҲҪѧϰַһͨѧ˷ܵ˵
ɵԱ߾һصѧм˵Ϊ˭ܹõ˵ôڵսҪĴΪһսĳƷôҲһҪĴģһȻ򵥣ȴÿ˶ѧ˵ģ
ܶ˶ˣ򵥣ǿ˵ܾ˵ķܺãǰǣԼܹʤĹڣǲпܡ
һսʦ֮Ҳը˹ǽưصİΣƽʱҲڸطϾʱɫɾѿˡ
֮ǰ˵ƷڵĶ֣ڳƷڣһӺݺݳ鵽ϡ
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һԣʲô˵ֻޱΣΪڴ֮ǰֻΪḻҲ벻ںͳƷһսվȻԳƷʤա
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а̫ţˣǸĿˣϣʲôʸ񽾰
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ˢ
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༶Ǿƽôֵġ
ŷһ༶һף൱ġ
˭뵽֮ǰֻǱֲĳƷ˼꣬Ȼܹһܹڣһܹŷ˴в
Ȼ꼶ҪγŷڣƷ˼ȵľ棬ĸУһռһô۵ĺܡ
Ǳֵȷʵĵ˵ͷ
ڳϣ˼ĽѾ𽥱ƽŷ
ŷ̤ˡ
ã˼Ҫ䣡
Ʒ̾жϣ˼ղһôལǶûܹ˵ŷ⡣
˼Ľâ಻ȴܲϳȥһͣʱ򣬾һиıʱˡ
Ȼ˼Ľâ΢΢һͣŷȻץסᣬڽü˻Ȼ˼ȥ
˼ֻѡȥ
ܿüһ
ƷԶԶĿţΪ˼ϧһǧѷĻᣬ˼ץסһ룬ȱһһĵơ
Ȼŷʵ˼ǿսȴδһᰴʵǿʤ
˼һŵƣͿܻŷ
ͬʱ飬ҲóƷ΢΢ѣСģ̫ԴĻҲпصŷĸޡ
ȻܿսָֻŷĽ֮У˼սҲǸոͻƵأŷȴѾ۷塣
˫ʵԵĲࡣ
˼ڱһ֮󣬺ܿˣڻ֮䣬ҲûǰԲˡ
ڱŷץסᣬһӽйӵĳɡ
ˣ
˼겻ϵĴŴһžµѾϼ˿ҲΪˮ͸ϡ
Ķ棬ŷϢҲЩң֮ǰսǰˡ
˶֪ղű˼ǰĺȫʪˣ;һСģͿܱܰ
⻹ͷһôֵ
˼ûֻ֣ء
Ȼһ˼ˣǵǰ˼һϵĴڣ֮䣬Ȼ׷ز
ӣ׷Ҳûпܡ
뵽ҲͻȻĳƷͷһεģ˼ֽȵĸоǱ԰һʮУͳҲûôء
ֵѾܺˣϧĹǲһ㣡ŷ˵
˾ˣ˼ֻǵ˵˵ת̨߹Ʒԣ΢΢ͷʾ֮󣬱뿪ˣȥ׼ʮֵս
ʱ̨£ƷŷĿ⽻㣬·ܱŽҵĻһ
ʮ֣˵սΪңΪĿһս


131 ھս
˵ʮ֣ʣµȫʤսУҲֻʣ˳Ʒŷˣ˶ѧУͷʢѧ֮һ
֮ʤϾ;һսһĹˡ
ټ˶ǸոջһǿĶ֣ƣѾﵽ۷塣
ؼǣ֮ǰ˫йһʮǿѡεԼ֮ս
ԭ˶Ϊ˫һҲǰʮ֮еĳһ֡
Ͼ˶ǿԽ棬ҲԽߣһĸҲԽߡ
ֻ˭û뵽ʱ򣬾ȻյĹھս
һʱ䣬֮ıȶ˵һӾ˵ע⣬˵ĵʮ֣˼ģڵģһʧȥ˹עȡ
˶Ŀŵｫֱӽһ˭
ϯ̨ϣҲЩ˷ܣΪԼû뵽֮ǰ˵ĹھǶսȻһߣʵ
༶İҲƵƵĿ䵽ϣУУ쵼߲㣬¶˼顣
İ༶ͽϣǶռϷ磬Ȼٲ˵εĹ͡
ԱߵĽ壬ɾͲעھˣΪ˭ǹھǶˣʲôϵ
෴ģں˼꼴еĵʮֵıȶעĽ㡣
Ϊ˵ʤֱӾ˼ᡣ
ڰ˹ھǾûˣҪһɣȻεģһ涼ûˡ
û뵽Ȼܹߵһ
ŷ̨ߵ˳Ʒߣ˵
Ѿ˵ˣƷҲѾǾʤҲǾʤ֮ʤߣսĵһ
ţΪ̫ˣһֱǵһߣǲһ
ôƷ΢΢һЦʵ
ⲻ֣ĽٶȣҲǳģֻû뵽ڣ
ŷ
ѧУƥһ㣬һ˼꣬ǱֶܳɫһǣԶҲֻǺҪսʤңǲܵ飬Ҳڣᱻܣ
ŷһЦ֮͸¶˼ΪǿţµӢ˲ǿԴ󣬶һľš
˵ڸ֮УϳеʱҲΪڵһ
ʱ˵̫һ㣬ܻܲ㣬ҪȽ֪֮
ƷֻǵȻһЦûʲôĲ
е˼ŷ΢΢һЦ˵˼ܹߵһҺ⣬ߵһɲֻзѣҪеЩ˵磬ͷʱϸ˵
ã
Ʒ
Ʒո뿪̨ߺ־Χһŵ˵ƷȻܹߵһ֣ǿŷŷͬСүҲòϣŷȷʵȱСүǿһ
ֻǿһôⲻҪӣҵķ緶
ƷüëһɵúЦ˵
УҪܺұȣڲҪ磬ҿǵһ
ߺ־˵ΪܷΪ١
ƷҲε˵ãӮˣⲻҪһͷҾøˡ
ʱ˼ѾȻϻд󺹹ĺۼʱǰȴϵӣȻ˼˼䷲ζǵûмÿ
˼һһ˱һҩ
ղźŷսһգҲǰһա
һµĶŷ˼꿪ʵһ˫ˮһ㣬ġ
ҲֻʣȫʤսˣƷ˵ͷ˵ղǵսҿˣӮˣʱûʲô⣬սҲܺãǰѾͻƵصʵؼʱ̳֣ȱһһĵƣʤͲͬˣ
һ˵ָ˵Ĳ㣬ǺʧģҲܷɻ䡣
ȻͬĹϵ֪˼겻⡣

˼˵ͷһսȡʤȴ˹һҲڷʡʵսҲڴˣսô֪ԼȻôһ̰塣
ҲҪСģŷüƵģǳأýӣ˼ҲƷ˵
ˣлѣƷټŷĳ֣˵ȫˣ˼ľǳá
һֵĶڣҲöԸʤ˵ĹһΪӣ㣬ֻҪϵսĺڣȡʤĻ͸֮ܶսپƷ
˼˵ͷ
˵Ľսľ飬Աûĸߺ־ƣƷֻԼԼԱ߱Թһ䡣
һԹŮȥɣ쵰
û˽ܾãʮ֣ڿʼˡ


132 ãü
ڵĵʮˣƷ˶˳Ϣʾ̨ȥ
Ʒ֣ȻҲŷ
ʱŷһеģȻղź˼սĵʱѾָ˸߰˰ˡ
ִƼҪһУʵѡ
ŷһü˵ϡ
Ʒȥı󣬾ӰսѾ˳ϡ
ʱ̨ϣѾΧ˺ܶĿưѧǵĿԸոˣոչͿھĵʮ֡
û뵽ȻǳƷŷһΪںŷĹھأ
ٺ٣һϢͨҸոյõϢ֮ǰĵڰ־ѾˣˣǱˣǳƷ
ǰɣھȻˣƷжǿ
һʱ䣬Ŀưѧ󿪵ķˮһˡ
һʱܽھȻ˸ˣƷȻųŷ֮µǿߣҲӦûŷ֮²Ŷ԰
ʦĿҲɨ˹
û뵽ȻǶսһڻҪ˼ʧ˵ĻҪǰˣ
ǰԲǺܴ˼ȻֵĲҲѾأڿѾ۷壬ֻһ㣬ܹصѧأ
ҾҲǣǰҲǹˣڻǵһαųڶڵ֮ɣ
Щʦѧ۷׷׵ʱ򣬳ƷŷѾңңԡ
ܹڶߵȷʵҺ⣬˵ʵЩϰߣ⼸꣬ÿһεĶֶڣҲãҲеˣȻһսûУŷʼ磬˵
֪ûʲôսĻֻƵѪɣƷٺһЦܵ
ʲôѧУ̫Сˣ˵ѧУֻһִѣֵٺأŷ˵
ִ壿ѾܲսôƷһ㶣Ȼ˵
ɣŷ˵ÿԵĶԶһˣ֪жôˣЩˣȽɣȻûʤģΪҺһܺҿ⣡
㻹ţ
Ʒ΢΢һЦҲûоܾȻһ̤ɲǼ䣬ͺڵһӶ
һʱ䣬ƷѾ̵ŷ
ȳƷŷüѾɨƷǰ
ŷüĳ˽ķǳ͸һ糤һǿĵǰǱ˽
һ˽֮ǰ˼սǰ֮
ѾԹһοͬٶȳһο
Ʒȥֳһ˼бȣ˫ȴ̸һεĶڵ˿
ˢ
üӳƷıǼϷǰĵطɨγɵ紵ĳƷͷ׷ɡ
üɨһ˲䣬Ʒ˲ֱȻյֱӳŷɱȥ
ˣ
ƷֱӱƽŷĸǰȻһݺݵնâˮкһ˿
ŷķӦ죬һеʱ򣬾Ѿüס˳Ʒһ

һ޴ĺӰսŷеüݺݵײһɲǼ䣬Ľ
ô
ŷʱоһɾ͸ü𵴵Լϡ
ܹˣһǳصüȻ˵ڣֱƴȻ·硣
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гɵˣ߱Բ롣
֪ԼˣƷȻܹൽѰ֮С
ŷұΪھ;ܹ㿹ˣҲҪΪ˼һܹң
ƷһȻһ̤˲סΣûбһˣžһնȥ
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ŷЦһڽƷһɿһսĶ֣˫ֳֹʱٶȣĲֹһ㣬ֱӳųƷ˹ȥ



˵սûжȫǵΪ˵ȷʵˣÿһײǽʵʵʵʵڵײ
ãüҡЩĿһĻֱţҪѧϰϣϰ䣬ֻǿѡ
ڶȻôҵսǰɵ÷׷Ŀо۾ˡ


133 
˫սҵЩĿĵزȻûϿƵƵζ޷ֳսȣֽŴ̼ķΧƵ߱ġ
˫Ĺתʵ̫ˣһӣǳƷڽһӾͱڷˡ
ûκε׵ľͳˣǶʱһĿϾӵĸо
֮ǰŷ˼ս໥̽Ľ׶ΣƷŷսһޱȼҵĴս˫ٶȶܿ죬ͬʱӴˣսƼΪˡ
жϣ֪˵ķͬˡ
ʦʱҲʼеϢˣԭǻòѧսѣټңأ
ʵϣȵĽˣǾ˲ˣԼ֮ǰȫˡ
ѧ֮Ľ֣пǽ
εǣԭĵ˵Ҫսʦܶ඼֣ԼƺѾѸö˵սˡ
˽ֵ˵ֱƽɫѷʤ
ŷǿ֪ģƷôôǿж󣬾Ȼܹ۷ŷѷָ£
ʦ۾ֱˣһ۶߸˵ĸоһ
ڹӳϣʤΣҿŷʤһЩصʸã治ռƣǻǻָغһʱһãʤȻͷֳˣ
ҿȴãԭҲǶŷǳĵģڿǸƷҲ򵥣֮ʵĺС̨ս˲Ϣ䣬ʲôпܷ
ҿҲǣ֮ǰŷЩܸ˼ôҲûпܵģ
һʱ䣬ʦҲͳһΪҲڵ˭ʤһЩĳ棬ѷʤŶԡ
İΣԼҲежˣ˱ֵĶǿжϡ
ʱ˵սİȻ˴Ӹ˵ѷʤ
ӲӲû˿١
һʼʱŷȳƷߣƣָֻٶȣҲȳƷҪĶˡ
ƷͣӦúܿͻֲסˡ
ǹ̶ģս֮зҲһս顣
Ʒ͵ĴֻҪŹʱ򣬻ͿԷ
ȻʵȴˣһӣƷĴ򷨸ӵױ˿ûõĸоޱȡ
֮ǰ˼սһ֮½ˣƷԴԴԶûսʱһ㡣
֮ǰ²Ĳͬ
־һҵս֮Ȼ֣ȸо½ˣǸ˲ǳƷԼȻƷԶԶĻҪ档
ѵ츳ô
ŷʼ½֮󣬳ƷͼӴ˹ȣŷи̶ϵײ
ľŷ˵ҪһЩǸʲĻʼһսһתǻٶȻǻָٶȣԶѰ˵
ƷָٶȻ˱һŷ˸սѡ
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ŷڷǳǳƷڣȻû˿ߵļ
ѵĳƷҪӮôʦ˼˵ֱڿһУ԰һ
ʱ̨Ѿۼ˺ܶ˵ʮֿ˵ưѧһĻҲеɵۡ
ӡʼŷһֱȫУĴڡ
ڣŷȻᱻƷƵز
ֱ۵ıһ
ۿʤٽƷԼӴ˹ȣŷ˿ϢĻᡣ
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أŷȻأ
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Ÿոչȥһ룬ŷѾأֱӿصѧû⣬ٸ£лܹʮУ
ŰѧУѾмûˣ
ƷõΪֹˣŷһüɨ
ڲҪˣƷʵǵŷû˿Ľţͬһ

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أ
âֱ䵽һüϣʱŷ͸оһɾ޴˻Ȼղסеüֱӱ˳ȥɳ̨һһʦסˣǸʦסʱ򣬾Ȼоûס֪жôľˡ
ŷδӦһѵѾݵĲϡ
֪ˣ
һ࣬Ʒʤ


134 ը˹
ų߳䵱еļ࿼ʦĻһյĹھսڻĻ˵֮⡣
ջʤˣŷȻǳƷ˶ֵ飡
УƷӮĲңͷβƷĺͣȫУһŷҲû˿á
˺棬ѧʦǶѾ޷жϣ˭ʤ˭ˡ
ܹأ¶ΪŷĲ£ܹŷ
ƷıֺԣԶԶ֮ǰӡ󣬿ƾޱȡ
һнжŷŴųƷ˵
˫ֶڲڻڵλûˣԼԼܿѪղüֱӱնУȻƲסüȻһӱ˳ȥ
ղҪǸ࿼ʦסһüֻ»Ҫҵء
Ǹ࿼ʦҲץסһüһԴڳƷղŵһУж
Ķ棬ƷҲûõĶȥϵĴŴԭĳƷһ˲ʹˮһȦȫ¶类ˮ͸ˡ
ԣһнжƷŴ˵
ĹȻֲһʼĳƷ˲ͺŷһˣҪ
úŷսʱû̫󣬷Ļһо㹻ԼҲȫˡ
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ŷ¶˼ֿЦû뵽Լ˵ƣȴǱƷƵϣոշſȫķӡصʵ֡
ƷᣬͻԼѹƵķӡʱһнüɳȥ
ʵ֤˫еƣʵȫȫʩչĻƷֻ²Ƕ֡
ƫƫƷֵĻᡣ
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ϾǿذΪԿ˵ǺɨƷܹ۷Ĳ£صŷҲûɶʤ㡣
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ƽĶۣƷıֲνޣҲһսĹھֻɻǾÿϧ˶ѡ
һжŷǿƽһº˵һսˣ
ˣӮҲеңƷ
ҿûгãŷն˵ȻһʼʵˣҲ̫ԴˣΪصʵͿȳԶˣԼսϵʧҲ㲻ӮýңһսӮĺƯԺҲ˵Ϊŷǻᱻ˽Ӯˣ
ŷܱˣеĽһ㶼ûмɲԼᱻ˽Ӯ
Ӯ˾Ӯˡ
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Ʒ΢΢һЦҲǿҲû뵽ȻܹҵĶƳһУΪ׼ģΪ˻
ŷͫ΢΢ܹƷ֮еļᶨ֮ԣʵʵ˵
ɵмֺ棬Ʒʲô
Ʒܿϸ룬ȴҲǴʵʵֹص磬ճƷ㲻öĴУҲԻ
ʱ˼ּȸС
ԭ԰һѧУѾܹʤˡ
һˣһΣҲˣ
ŷն˵ȻתȥˣһսѾˣҲûκ塣
ƷոתͷͿһ޴ɱۿžҪ˹֮һ̧֣ӰսѾǰǸҪ˹̾ͣ
ȴǸߺ־˭ء
ٺ٣ߺ־ڨڨһЦ
漴ͻһӿŵı飬С
Ӯ˰ȻӮŷ
Ҿ˵Ҹߺ־ֵܣôܻأ
ߺ־ıƷҪӿţҪǲ֪ˣΪǸߺ־սʤŷ˰ɡ
˵ҲûʲôˣƷӮߺ־ȻǳΪĺֵܶˡ
óƷÿЦãܿƷʹӸߺ־Ŀе֪˵ʮһ֮ս
Ҳ˼ڵļսĽҲȳƷŷսһЩ˽
˴۾ǣھȻ˼ϣԭȫУڶһս֮УȻƷ˼ܣѾ䵽˵ˡ
˵˶û뵽
˶Ϊսʤը˹


135 ѧУϣ
ʮֵĽոճʱѧը˹ʳ¯սյĽ
һԭϤŷǺȻǳƷ
Ȼֳаǰвţǳڵһλϣ˲䶼Ȼˡ
Ȼŷ
кֳܶΧһսǸ˵ʱڿ˵ʮ֣ûп⾪ĶǵһսҲûпƷλŷġ
ȥŷȻˣ
ֱ漣ǳƷôģ
˵˹ʺ˰ŴûзӳʵʱŻʤģ
һŷ֧ߡ
Уɵѽŷʲôˣ˹ʺ˵ܻܵôŷĲܽûˣ
һʱָ˳
˳Ʒŷһս˵һ۾֮⣬˼ڵһսҲ˵۾
Ʒô֮ǰڣڻŷһЩȡɵأҲȷʵʵҲúܹܶܡ
˼ͻȻȴúܶ˸оʮֵͻȻڣԭųֻŷ֮µѧУڶˣܹŷڣӰ˼¡
˼ǿȫ̿һսˣ˵ڸûлʲôᣬһ·ѹˣ
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֮ǰԭ༶ʵ޼໥ϾľҲһȥˣǶѹһľ档
ãǰеļ֣϶ռˡ
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ܻǲܣⶼѾʵˡ
ʦҲйˣ㲻ãҲôѧУѾкܾöûгˣ߳ȥѧУʦѵôŷѾأ츳ѣǰţѧڵУᣬ¾пˣô
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ƵҲûгܾãҲһˣʤ˵˭ѹһ
ڹȥǶ̳ѧ黹һѧУѾʵ˿ˣϻǰʵԭз䣬û뵽£ԭǺܱ˿õĳƷ˼ͻȻͻԭֻѰľӢѧһѧڣȻѾܹΪȫУѧеٮٮߡ
¶޷ԤϣֻܹΪˡ
ͻȻղ˵ǸУᣬʮоھеǸѧУ֮һѺýĻĿ
ȻʵȴȫˣǸУ֮һӰǸоʮѧУ֮䣬Ȼһź෴ģѧУ֮ľӽУʼʹûֹͣ
Դķ䣬ʣʽķ䣬ѧᣬǺѧУķչϢϢصġ
ƫƫЩϣʮһֱǵףǵһǵڶϧǵġ
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ŷһξͲôˣֻʱģŷؾĳƷҪô׷ƽࣿ
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136 
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ʱУȴ˹ϴżֺͰЦݣ䣬ʦĲ˼ѧҴѧУллˣ
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137 򷿣Ǯ
ʱ䣬Ǻٵʱˣδһµʱ䣬ϣҲҪɣڼҲҪſԣȻڼ䣬ǿԺúʱ򣬲˴˺õĴѧʱһӿ޵ʱʱŬһ£ȿ˴ѧͿԳ׷ˣ

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138 °嵤Ȼ
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ԭԵжķӴʱЩտ
Ʒ̾һָĸһ绰ͨһ½쿼ԵĽ
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ʱ򻹲ϽϳҪȵʲôʱأ
ȵƷ⼸˵㵵ӾһʵĸϮתľ֮Ѿҹˡ
ĸ͸һЩ⼸·ýĽ棬ʵǱһҩţĴ˾֮Ľ
ҪӦЩĴ֣԰׺ٹ̵ҲҪŵȥٵ棬ټ϶õЩԴ°嵤δоѾĺԴˡ
ּĽ棬ĿǰĳƷֵܹģԼóóȻ͹µĵַӾͱ̵ĹͷӶʣˡ
ҲΪʲôһҲԸˣʣµľų󣬰׺Ҳ޷õȫҲҪȥüɵˡ
Щ֮󣬳Ʒֿ˾ڵĸլϢ˺ҹ֮һΪ̵ƺĹ˲ˡ
ôã̵˻ڹעӦˡ
߾ǾӰսһ̲ʱ׼ս
ڿһˣ˯һþˡ


139 ѧУĶ
ڶ죬Ʒ´֮˹֮лǱԪ鵤ҩÿһ춼ܹϲ٣ֽҪ۷Ҳֻʱˡ
ԼŷҵĴսڵԪ鵤ҩһ˺ܶࡣ
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СӣҲҪ̫ˣѵѵ㣡ʱһ˶ȴһƮһ̨Ǹߺ־


140 һ
ߺ־һ˳ǹԼ̨Ȼк˽ղս˵Ǹͬѧ̧ȥơ
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ղ̫ˣֻһѣ
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141 Ʒճ
˶ʱһƬȻƺû뵽ѧ˾Ȼ̨֡
ɲȭŽ棬ȭͷˣʵ£ҲѴˡ
ΪżǵҲǿԽԽ״
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ĵּֿܹôţȻıµġ
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ǿ쵶ߵԿ·ӣÿһܿ죬ͬʱպա

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Ҳ֪ն˶ٱܹѧҵĵطλǰʮҲһΪһѺõսء
еĹ޼似ˮƽҲǲ࣬Ǵ򲻹ԼΪԼսҪȶԷǿĶˡ
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˼껰ʱ򣬳ϵƾͷͻˡ


143 ܷ
˼ո˵꣬䣬ϵƾѾ˱仯ԭܹͳƷסķʱ·硣
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ŭţԭѹûнƷѧжλжʮǿ
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ʱȫȫĶס˳Ʒĵֻʣһ뷨һҪɱɱɱ
һħڹƻɱǰǸˡ
ƾͻҳ壬þȫǾ޷ͻƳƷնĵһѵסн·ߣÿһεײֱ۶΢΢顣
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˵˭ôôǿǸ˵ΪںŷʶϾǸѧУ֮еٮٮߣҿ϶Ʒ֮еκһ
ʮôͻȻһӾð֣˳Ʒʵǿ֮⣬ղǸŮʵҲǲСܹǧһ֮ʽ˾һٶȷǳ죬Ǽ󣬲пܡ
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ʱϵĳƷڿˣ棬ˣһΪʮзҾҪѵѵ㣬֪ʲôˣ죬ȻٵսǸһѵ
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ڹؼʱ̣ˣͼóƷһΧκԣϧջʧˡ
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144 ³Ȼ
Ʒ³Ȼ룬ȷԼԺ֮ȷʵûһ֣νʵˣģǸʱ򣬾ʲô֪ˡ
뵽æӻͳ˷˿ϣźöˣûˡ
һ˫ȴĶųƷ޲ý˺ѵһ
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145 һºĸУ
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146 ڵĻû
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Ҫȥɱޣֻʵս죡˼국˵һŮΪλǿҵս⡣


147 ִ
а취ȥôƷɵʵ
Ҫ֪һ˵ĻΧй涨ģڵؽ˵뿪˳оҰ޵أһǲ뿪ڵĳеģɾ
ȻǰҪԽĶˣҲкܶԳִ࣬ͱȦóԺúȴŵʲô
Ҵȥһ˵ִգִղܹ뿪кԶҲˣ˼˵
Ʒ˼꣬ƺԴʶʼԶûͣЪʱ򣬺ڱʲôʹǰߣԼҪǿģָоǳǿҡ
˼˵˵ִգҲĿǰΪֹΪһֶΣΪ޴ģټ޵ȫǱǵ⣬฻ϱرģǵۼҲԱɼУǵצҲԱɱ
ҲǷǳǰɱ޵ġ
˵ִҲֳɺ֣ܶĳмٵ߼Ͷһֳ֡
ֻʵﵽˣܹ뿪иԶΪԽԶУ޾ԽǿºǿǳƷ˼ߣ̫뿪УǾ·һˡ
ƲִͬյĻΧһΪ˱ߵȼȥ͵ȼ˵ҲΪ˱͵ȼˣ̫֮ء
ҲǣҲһİ취Ʒ˵ͷ˵
أ˼ʵ
ұҪȥеģҸıˣҲȥˣƷ
ԭǴȥк͸ĸ͹ڣΪУôһ飬½
ֻǸ³ȻѾôѶԸˣ³ȻֻѧʮǿѣҲ൱ڸߺ־ʮеλá
ȴܹŷʵ޼
Ҳʵʵ̫ԶˣԳưԡ
ñ֪룬ֻ»ᱻŵŷռѧУһˣԼҲҪưɡ
Ǽֱǲ˼漣ǳƷȴͬıŷҪĶˡ
£Ҫúղź˵ڵ飬ҿɲ˵˵ѵģ
Ʒ˵
˼΢΢һЦͷ˵㣬һӰɰɣ
һӣƷ˵
ȻԼһ˳ȥ̫ΣˣһСĵĻͿܻŶӵĻͺöˣȥĥԼԼʵҲǰװȥô˼˵٣ǣŷǿ϶Ҳ취߳ȥﳤĻ䣬վôʲôģûоɱˣܿѧ
ǺãȻҪһӣҰѸߺ־ϣʵȻңҲϺȣΣƷʵ
ԣ
˼룬˵ͷ˵
ȻǾԼһʱ䣬֮ȥ˵ִգǸʱٻϣôƷ
ãû⣡
˼˵Ҿˣһ飬֮ټ
ƷĿ˼֮󣬾æҽңʱѧ˶Ѿˣֻʣ¸ߺ־һ˸ոսƣϢ
û¶˰ɣƷʵ
ûˣҽ˵ˣû˵Ҳû˵ͷĹ㹻ȫתˣߺ־ЦЦ˵ǰҺݺݳһڶǸһ̫ˣ
Ұ㱨ʲôԼܱźãѧڲǻһУôʱ⻹ϣԱôƷʵ
룬ҵȻԼ𣡡ߺ־æͷ˵ҹƴ򲻹
ƷǴ򲻹ԺҲ򲻹Һ˼֯һ飬ںȥɱޣԴĥԼμӲμӣ
ãһ¶ҲǹˣһҪһ
ߺ־˵뵽飬㹻޵ˡ
˽괺ڲˣҲûʲô
ߺ־˵
УǾԺټˣԺȥ˵ִտضƷ˵
ãԺ
ߺ־
Ʒ˵ʲôͽӵ歵ĵ绰ǾʵϢС֮б飬ѾϢˡ
ҴҺ͸ߺ־֮æ˸ĸСȥֱ֮Ӿҡ
û뵽ǣڼңӦǸæ˵ȻҲڼ
ԱߣվһЩ΢ֵӣͨһ˫۾ȴǼΪżλߵϢ


148 Ʒϵ
ƷˣϾȻǰһȻĳƷļ
ƷʱһܳĸоҲмɻ֮ǰ̬ȻҲУΣҲ¶ı鰡
һ£ԣﾭӪزģƷһԱߵӡ
ãƷǰɣҽ־ѣǸֺͳƷһ£Ʒܹоֺܹоӣй
ܣã
Ʒ˵
㣬ȻӢţ־˵
ܿˣƷ˵ȴǿһԵ正Ҳ֪ڸʲôɻ
ʱʱǰ˵Ʒ첻ҲһСûҪıôҸҹ˰ˣպþһ˵ɲɣ
Ʒʱˣ־ӦþǸպҪһˡ
ԭҪƷȻһ˵
ûҪתȥˣǱ߰ӣߵıҲûʲôôˣԾʹȥŸոͷأ͸պˣղײգɴԼ־˵
ƷΪʲôΪһ˵Сӳıٻзӳ۵ģѾõˡ
ʩܳˣҲûϣ޷Ǿһ䣬û뵽ֱ˻ظˡ
ҼҵķСĵش۸ɲƣ־Ѷ˶٣Ʒ˵Ųһᶼǽ˵ǰͷģ
ģǮ⣬ֻҪҿ⣬ϽǮƷ˵
Уû⣬正ȥҷӿѾԸȥˣǿȥιۣҺְֻлҪ˵־˵
Уû⣬ƷߣˬĽ
ųƷ뿪֮־Ѳſڣô㵹Ȥнˣ׷ӱֵģǿѣӣҲ𣡡
ɱС΢΢һЦ˵ΪʲôҶôæô֪ͬôҸոʶʱ歵һѣΪôǮ歵ʱҲֻǵһе츳ѧѣûзϣ
ôôˣ־ɳһȺ
Ϊ𾪣ҲһȺһ˵
ޣܹ𾪣ǲһɣ־ҲȤ֪ʵʲôû˾Ȼܹ𾪵ġ
ʲô£
ûǰʮͨѧҲǺͨһ˶ѣ֪һεĩ˵ڼô˵
ǰʮ־ѾԼ˵Ѿǳǰˡ
ǰʮ̫СˣոҲ˲鵽ϢѾʮһĩĵһˣһЦ˵
ʲôһ־ѶʱСκһˣͨѧĵһصѧҲǾӢ֮еľӢˡ
Ҫǣ˼һССѧĵһϰĿ࿴ؼǶ̶µʱ䣬˾ͻͽ
ؼģ
ֻһΪ󶯸ɸ꣬ΪûбҪѧУֵĺܺãᣬһǲһǹؼ֮ǰΪ˼Ǯ歵أھȻѾСķˣ㲻úô˵
˵ڰϻ־ѵô˵òǸӸҪ׷歰ɣ˺ܶడ
ǻڣûҲ֮ǰʮ꣬һͨ꣬İҲǺͨС̸ʲôǾ⼸ͻȻһӱˣ㲻ܶô
˵־˵ٺ٣ЩְԻôĽЩ˰
֪϶һЩϢķ۰ɣˣҲˣ㵽Ϊʲôԭ򣬷ǮˣˣҲͲˣ
ǺһЦʲôû˵ֻ﷭˸ող鵽һϣ֮ǰùϵһ³Ʒ˻Ȼ鲻ǳƷдʵʽȴǲʵ
Ҳ˵ƷȻʹʦ׺йϵҪ֪ھ֮СǺʹʦ׺鲼Ȼ˵ûʲôɱԵġ
Ʒп͸ϰæҲΪˡ
Ʒϵ׻ʲôܣ


149 ±
֪Ʒʲôܣ֪Ʒһдܣʲô򵥵
ȻڿƷʲôֻϣƷ֮ժʮеĵһһ㣬͹¶İæˡ
ϾҲ㲻ʲô¶Ǿְ֮ͣ˻ǹܼңֻǳѡ
ˣҪľǸţ޷ͨõģѩ̿ǹؼ
һֱһ㣬ܹλ
ʱƷڱСһ֮У˵Ǳе㲻̫ǡˣֱһС͵ׯ԰ˡ
ӭľ˳ɷ磬ȻСҪŨһЩ
ƳֵʮִԺڰΪɫķӿʮּи
һСһˣҪҪߣҲڲģƶרŵķˮʦƵģ۵СҪ߳ɣ͸û취ˣ˵ţ΢ЩĿųƷҲЩ棬ԼһĴкô֮ôת䡣
Ȼܳ裬ҲǮƲȱȻǧڵʽ治ܹմֵġ
ϾҲֻһѡ
ͳĳƷȻѾܹǧʽˡ
ԭ;óƷͦصģޱˡ
ģҲͲˣӾأȪȣǻ䱸歵һլܵһЩֺʩʲôģýܣЩСǻ䱸
СжϺŵС䱸ʩȻӹԣҶ˵صĻЩǲֵһġ
ؼﰲΣƷʵ
ʩԷģκģıÿʮӾͻѲһΣиָĵ豸ӣټıǾֱʵǿҶгǹ֤Ҫʱ򣬿Կǹʲôģǲֵһᣬ쾳ĸֽһ˶ֲ˺ã˵Ͼ书ٸߣһǹ̵ԣϰ֮ˣǿҪȱһݾη֮ģܹͨľ磬ǲǳ࣬ѰˣֱǹڴҲ
Ʒ˵ͷִᣬ𿴶ᳫУǸָ߿ƼչҲԶѰ˵ֻһ˽Ӵˡ
ǰǿԼʵǿΪϣһμΪڰ£Ͼ˴ֱʱ֮֮ӿֵĸ̫ˣʵһǿкܶ𲻸еҰģưһ
ıƵ˾·˴ѹ
ЩΪǿ󣬹ʱǹڸκβǣڼΪļһ֪ƼѾչʲôز
ֱӱƵһǹֱӴ
ΪʲôڸĳжȽ̫ƽԭ¼ʲôŶܶ࣬ļţǿʢļţ
ûʲôܺ⣬ҪԹ԰µĹ档
Ҳ֣ͷǳɱǵ취ǱǶ޿ɶʱ򣬲űȽɱ
ڲҲк֣ܶЩþѻǹ׼һһ㶼㲻
ֶκβãƷͷˣǾѾһ˿ǿ֣ЩͨǿߣǸǳƷڿܽӴġ
̾ãҲͨǿ߳֡
Էˣ
ôгôʱ歿ʵע⵽˳Ʒʱı仯
ǰɣƷ˵Ҳûж˵Ҳȥⶼ漰˸˽ˡ
ڳƷ˵õķȻǽֻϧڵףֱΡ
ҲȥˣȻǣľ̫ˣȵĳƷòᵽָߵСܵסĵˣһôǣȥûʲôô
ˣȥɣ
˵
歵Ĵ֮£Ʒι˱һһķӿװ޷ƫִļƣƷŷǳ⡣
Ʒͷ歵ļ־ǩ˺ԼԾǧļ۸ɽǩ˺Լ֮󣬳ƷͿסˣּҾʲôĶֳɵġ
־Ҳû뵽ƷǮôˬ죬һڵļ۸˵͸ˣһ㶼ˮжڳƷһ㣬ѹôأԳæ


150 ǰ׼
˱֮󣬳Ʒܿ죬̾˰ҹ˾Ķᵽ˱ȥˣȻҪһЩ·˽ƷʲôģҾ߾ûаˡ
Ϊ֮жУҶǱ֮ǰĺʮģ
ӶҲҪ룬Сҵṩרҵķ񣬵Ȼ󲿷ֵĸСҵṩˣΪǶλȨأʵ̫ˡ
ƷνǼҲûʲôܣ˵УҲڳƷϣûʲôµġ
ðһЩҵҲҪȸĸôӾзˣǸʱרҵӶˣֱûӶˣǿԵġ
ִᣬƼչԭֻڿƻõӰ֮еĻҲ߽฻ļ֮ͥУȻ̸ǻۣǴһЩ򵥵黹ûģɨͱרŵͻˡ
ֻҪǮǿ򵽵ġ
һе㶨֮󣬶Ѿǵһҹˡ
һټı֮УٻЩϰߣҪ
˼Լߺ־Լ֮ȥִգԷС
Ȼһµʱ䣬ҪҰɹˣȻһ׼ûС
ڳߣһͲˣڣҪҰ⣬Ķ־ͲˣЩǿޣ͵ÿǷˡ
һõĿףҲͱҪ׼ˡ
ڵĿףһֳ֣ؼ׺ס
ؼ׾ͬӳ֮еֿףԼһͷֻǾִĿƼҲѽΪķҲͬɱɱ
һװǾеľ񲿶ӲŻװҲʺϵǹƥĳһ㶼Ծ񲿶ӵʽΣյĵط˵޳ʱ򣬾Ϳײӵڵһߣֿ޳֡
ͿײʺһˣǳڴͿ׾ͻĴҰֵǹƥͷһˡ
ͿϷչǻˣֻǻսһװǿˡ
Ϳ֮⣬һѰˣѰӻᴩףزʮʮʮﶼС
ڹʱûо˵ʮĿѾؼˣִʱ˵ֻס
ЩҲḲȫֻһЩؼĵطǣԻ÷˵ǰֱۣȲȵȣѡ񣬶жǳһ㲻Ӱ춯
ڴ֮󣬿ԻöʱӲ޵ļݵֻҪֱҧлץûпױĲ֣ͿԶݿ⣬ҲֻǶʱѣǴؼײпӲЩֲޡ
Ʒϲ鿴׶ǰܿ죬ƷѡһףһǺ;ӰսͬһŴعƳףΪӰսףʵӰӰһװͬʱĲ࣬Ծͷֿˡ
һΪӰսףͨڣȫֻʮңĴ󲿷ֵĵطֺ
Գܺ޵ĳ
ȻķôģƷĴһȥҺ޵鷳սû¶Լᱻײ顣
ޣǾͲڿǵķΧˣһƺĳΧ֮ڣߣּޣһһȽϴķΧڣҲֻһֻ档
һ¼۸Ӱսһ۸񣬳Ʒûԥֱ˶
вһǧ򣬻Ҳһǧͷǿԣ
ڰ׺Ǳߵķֺ죬ûô죬°嵤̻Ľ׶ΣҲҪȰŻеһֺˡ
ʣµһǧ򣬾ҪֻظĵҩлظƵĵҩȵȡ
ЩǱȽռ˵ĵҩƷԼҲ϶٣ҲԼˡ
Щõĵҩ֮⣬һֵҩ֮ǰùһ־ӵĹƷԪ鵤
ȻֻԪ鵤Ԫ鵤ĵԺеĵʱͽݵĳ뻯̷Ԫ鵤֮󣬾ѾݳԪ鵤ĵˡ
ϾԪ鵤˵Ԫ鵤ĻϽеͼ򻯣ֻҪ֪˻ϣڳƷ˵ҪݳѶȲ
Ԫ鵤ĿǰĳƷ˵ҲͻƵĵҩԪ鵤Ȼãһöǧļ۸񣬻ηҲûǸҪ
ǰõҩѻȥɱҲһֱƷΪѵصʵĸޡ


151 ˹
ȻҲԵҩͻƣǶܹȫҩܹԦһʵ¡
£ҩֻǸѣʵþԪ鵤ΪȻһǧһû׼ûܹԦһʵľΪⷴΪǰ·ϵİʯ
ҲΪʲôûѡƾԪ鵤ϷҩЧǿĵҩƲΪͻͽһǧǵѾ׵Ľʾ³֮Уֱһ
һͨ쳹صĵΪȴô
ǳƷҪģ
Ʒһ£Ԫ鵤ǾӵعҪõһöó
ô룬ѦһöԪ鵤ʵռ˴ˡ
ȥ˹ɱĻ϶ʮܹƳһö
ĻŻƳöԪ鵤ټϹָõĵҩϽϵǮˣѧУĶʮѧҲˡ
ԭƷԼѾ˸ˣû뵽Ŷ̶ʱ䣬ֳһ׵⵰
ѾѰϰ׬һӶ׬ӴƸˡ
·ܹһ޴ޱȵķֽ߳ͨ˵磬ЩǿߣʦҪм䣬ֱǵһ
Ȼͬһ֮Уڲ֪֮УѾֳ磬пʵ
ҲͨʵĴУİУǧȥӽ
ǳƷǰδһε⣬ԶڷֽߵһߣÿΪ˼ǧĹʶŬƴɡ
뵽Ʒһ绰˸ĸ̸һ£ȥкһɹˣǴȥҰɱĥԼ
ĸȻЩãվûж˵ʲôǶ֪ӳˣʱԼȥˡ
ֻǻǶƷҪСģǧǿ
Ʒ˵绰֪ҪػһССܰҪǿŶԣҲ֪ʲôʱŻٶȾ̵Ŀó档
ڴ֮ǰӵ㹻˵ſԡ
һҹ޻ڶһ磬ݾѾ춨µӰս׺Ԫ鵤ҩĶѾ͵ıſˡ
ȻƷͿʼ㲻Ḷ́ΪھӵȥԷˡ
ûǸʱ䣬ڵʱ˵ÿһÿһ붼
峿Ʒڴ֮˳Ȼһϣ˵ˬģ˯һϻҪ
緹ӰսףٴöԪ鵤һЩָõĵҩƷֱӳˡ
ϵ˹ʱ򣬴ʱ˹Ѿɽ˺ˡ
͵ҩʦЭȣ˹ӴӶᣬػ߹ȵȣ˹չġ
ΪӶػ߹ĳԱųɶȳΪ֮󣬲żЩ֯
һ磬˼Ѿڵȴˣƽʱͬʱ˼ϴһ״ɫսףƷϵӰսƣְֲͬ͹µ͹Ե쾡¡
ƽʱһȻͬʱ˼꿴Ӣˬͺƴ˵еŮһ
ȻΪһǰҰ⣬Ҳ׼
˼Ⱦ˰ɣ
Ʒʵ
û£ҲǸѣ
˼ҡҡͷ˵
Ʒ˼һװ磬ɵ˵һҲ
˼겻ɵ΢΢§һͷϾȻмֲ˼κ졣
ʱһ󼱴ٵĽŲͼٴϢתһȴߺ־ڴ󲽵
ʱߺ־ҲٴƽʱǴһտɫףҲΪӴܹһˡ
˼ˣ̫˷ˣȻʧˣߺ־ܴĵܵ˵ߡ
û£߰ɣƷ
˽˹ᡣ
ʱ˹ѾУ˹ĴĻϣϵĹһ
϶Ǻйصģɱޣʬܹò̶ͬȵĽ
ԽǿԽɱǽҲԽߣǺܶŶ´ֻҪܹɱҪޣܹòƵ롣
˹Ҳʵǿ߻ȡʽΪٵķ˽˹˵ϢǼΪ뺷ġ
иۡ
㣿
˴ǰΪ˵Ĵ¥ʱһΪִżַŭӲԶ


152 ڴＯŲ
תͷȥȴһ׳˶һɫս׵Ӵ˹
־Ʒ³֣ϳӣȴ֮ǰɧ·诵ĳ־˭ء
־֮ҲɻҲû뵽ܹٶȼǸɶСӡ
ƷǽгƷǰɣ·诹˾ЩƷʵϴ赤ǲǺйϵ־ĿųƷ˵֮к޲ýƷʬΡ
ǰСӣͱ·ˣڵǵûܹ·诳·һӴķЩһӶˡ
ʧ鳰ЦڴＯŵٶȴΪóΪϤݺݴָоֱҪ̫ˬ
ֱѼˣ
ڴ֮У竵ҲһЩ˵ǣ競ûãѹ˶ʧˡ
ʱĵ飬ܾܿǺСйϵ
Ϊڸ·ЧļʦǴģڴＯŵʵҪ鵽Ҳܼ򵥣һЩϰʦѣ㲻ʲôǶƲƷʵϴ赤
û˲ֵ£ΨһпܵľǳƷˡ
Ҳ·诹˾ְԱ֪֮ǰһ·诶ɹΣһ嵤ǳԳƷ֮֡
ӻһƷʵϴ赤ǳԳƷ֣֮޵ġ
ǲǺйϵʲôϵƷƲЦſų־˵̵˵ɱɱˣʱ־ѾˣҲ͵ˡ
ãããǾǺйϵˣڴＯţԺ֮أ־˵
Ҽǵú֮ǰҲôв·ܵİɣأڴＯţҿҲˣƷЦһ˵
ڴＯŲˣǺôĿ
ʱһӻӲԶ֮л̺żŭ
һ׳ӲԶȴһԼĪʮģӣĸߴ׶࣬ԶԶ߹ͺһСɽѹһž޴ѹ
һɫսףһֲŭĸо
쾳ĸ֣
Ʒͷһݣжϡ
ӱһǸ̵ľӢԱҪµĶˣ֮ϵĺ쾳ĸ֡
һﵽ˺쾳ĸ֣ھУҲɳΪһУ٣˵Ѧ
ƷܹĸܵȻǺ쾳磬ѦΪǿһЩԲϲ١
ˣǣȻѹԵơ
һζ̳Աʱ򣬻ˣֶΰ˶Էһѣ֪ʱĶӵĻֻˣֶҲûãǳǿ
壬ôˣʱ־ɵÿ˵
˭Ŀô󣬾ȻҲڴＯŷ
ӿ˵
Ҫ·ôٲÿĻҾͽбˣʱ˼ǰ˵
Ӻͳ־Ķˣǲټˡ
˹ĵϵңǼֱǻĲͷˣ˵Ǻ֣֣˹ǰǲһ
ȻᣬҲŵϺŵĿֲڡ
Űɣˣ־뿪ɵöݺݵ˵
־⼸ʲôͷǸ嵭ĿʵǺôĿȻڴＯŷ
־׽ǱԷųģҲûǽЩ鶼˵ˡ
˵ǵܹڶʱһĶ嵤һܹƳһƷʵϴ赤ܿץס˳־֮еص㣬ҲǹְڴＯĵҩ˾ģԺʲô
Ʒʵϴ赤ܹƳһöϡ棬ܹṩһƷʵϴ赤Ǿ˲õˡ
ûˣһƷʵϴ赤Ȼ֪ǲƵģǿ϶йϵ־壬һ뷨ҿǵװ϶ǴȥҰɱޣκβǵҰ⣬ǾˣŪҲϢ飬ʲôֶΣҲͰ״ˣ
֮Уںͳ⣬ֱ磬ڳȻΥﶼ١
һ˳УǾͿǿǰĺڰûʲôɵԼÿҰϡͿȥʧˣ֪ж١
־ԴҲǼֲˣ


153 ľɱ
־ּΪ飬ȻڳƷɱҲһˣнƷնɱ˼˵ǳƷĻҲҲͲڻᱻ˳ˡ
ɱǲ̫ˣ¶ЦݣбƷʵϴ赤ôץŵĵУΪƷʵϴ赤ⲻɱǿôɱһ˰ˣǳйޣܵõʲô
־Ҳɵ¶˻Ȼ飬壬Ǹߣɱ̫ˣЩƷʵϴ赤Ƶô죿
ǾɱιһֵûеˣŸʲô˵ҾǵģǲվʲôˣʮɣƷʵϴ赤ûиŵˣ
İɣ壬ѾˣûʲôţǼҾѰСѣֻҪָɴһ㣬ҲҲǵϣÿҰûʮҲаɣǻܹһҵɣ־Цһ˵
ˣȥɣȻ˶ǣʱλãȳٶ֣
˵

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ͷһ֦Ʒ뿪֮󣬸ߺ־㿪ʵƷ־ʲôͷ
Ʒ㽫־·֮˵˳
ҿһ̫˰ɣߺ־ɵһ䡣
ȻҲǸС͹ܵĺϣҲ飬ĻҲͳƷ˺ˡ
˼֮Ҳ飬ˣŮΪһˡ
׷ŮҲˣȻֶȶԷ

˼촽˵֡
ɲǾԵģҼһδһΣߺ־ƿڴ˵
򲻹ƷԱһ񲹵ʱøߺ־ˡ
漴ߺ־Ѫ״̬ˣⲻͻСôҺһͣҲŰ
ҿ㲻⣬ǻưոݵӣ˼ü΢˵
֪
Ʒ˵ͷĸ֪˼껹ҪĶˣӳ־Ǹ϶оɱ⣬˾Ȼɱ⣬ⲻܲ
һҰôˣڣȻԸȥ鷳ǴɷΪΪ¶Эôʲô˼
Ҳ鵽ղǸеģıϲһ£еĿɲöԸǺ쾳ĸ֣ҲڴＯŵһĹ֣ߺ־鵽˵˳ϹϲǺܶ࣬ǾԲһƲ磡
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ʲô;ǲ³çӲûͷûԵӲƴǼǿжɸһ־
ܶ˶ˣֻҲǺ̺Ĵ
û;ҪǲҲˣҲҪ׼һݺ񣡡ߺ־˵
˼ҲԽԽԼĵ·һľϵɱ䣬˶о
߰ɣȥ˵ִո˵Ʒ
˽˵Ŀ˴¥
˵ͣǼǵĹԱ϶¶˼־飬׼֤ȥ׼ȥˣҲ˵ǸôǸ˰
ڵѧһһҵ꣬Կϴѧˣأѧϣ
һʹһЩĹԱɵøп˵
ɲô⼸ѧҪǵ꣬Ƕ㹻ڶλǰľӢˣȴԽԽˣǸųƶеһĶƣֱǿͻˣǰѾˣһԱп˵
ԽԽǿˣǺ°˼ǲɣ
๤ԱҲֻǸпһǰǼˡ
Ʒ׼֤ǰ˿˵Ĵˡ
ʱ˴֮ѾвŶˡ
ô˵Ŀ˱׼ôˣ
һ˴ͷɥĴһ俼˷֮˳Ȼʧˡ


154 
ʮƵĴִյĿ˷˳ȫĴͷɥ
Ŷӵ˶û˿ͬ飬ֻǳЦ˵Ǹ˶˰ɣҪ˵ִգҲϣ
׼Ѿߵزôôϲ鵽أ˲ʵ
ҲǸոı׼˹ո´ָ꣬ԽԽˣʵȥ˲ô˿˵Ȼ͵õϢ
Щ꣬ڽҲڽԽԽŨ޵ıҲԽԽԽԽǿ
˵ھ˳Ŵżٶȿ»ǸϲЩ޵ġ
Щ޵Ȼٶȿľˣ
ǰͿԳΪˣ׼Ѿء
ףôи
ʱ˷ڶĺ棬ֱǷ´½һ
Щ֮кܶ඼ǴѧǸոձҵѧ
ֻ˶ѣܶ඼Ŀƴѧҵģûܹı硣
ʱͻȻ֮ж˼ͺСĸɵ¶˼ֵ顣
Щ˻ǻȥɣûأ
ȥɱ޿ɲСӹҼң
ǵģ֪ߵغˣ
ôˣǿùĻǲǹͷʱ򣬸ߺ־еĳǹݺڵϣЩ¶Ц˵
͹һͲˣǼôģ
ʱֱӽ˵˷׷׸͵
бµǿǲ֪ˣߺ־
ðȿɣʱ˿˵Ҳ׷׿˵Ȼ뿴˵Ц
ǺãҾͲˣ
ߺ־ҡڵߵǰȥˣƷں棬ɵøһĴָǹüƫƫЩ˻ûзӦԼȿ
ǴҲԸţڵĸȻô
ҲǳСһһǿһһ
ǿ˹ı׼˵ҲǴѧҵܿϡ
ܿ죬ֵǽпˣһ˵˴ͷɥ˳
ߺ־ǹƥ˽ȥ˶ڵȴƷ˼ڵȴǵſЦء
һϷ̵ˣʾߺ־Ŀͨˣͨơ
Ȼֻߺ־᳤ǹ˳ָЩ˵ôղ˭˵Ҫ¿ͷģҿˣǸϽ¿ͷ
ʱæͷת˿ЦʱѵҪ¹ͷôֱҪ̫òá
ԼһѧȻһԽˣһˡ
ڣڸߺ־ıӵĿ֮¼ֲסˣ̲ס˵ͨҲ˵ʲôҲ϶ˣ
ôҪôߺ־ɨһ˵һΣûٸҽӲˣ֮ǰЦһڻоأǶǱġ
һҪҲܹأǲǸǱˡ
νõĲ飬˼ȥ֮ûþͨˣȻȸߺ־ͨʱ仹Ҫ̡
ʱѾˣֻһʹ
ֵƷȥˣ˶εĿ⣬ǧôһȻֱҪˡ
Ʒһ䷿䣬ȴڷһ䣬һԱڷ룬һһߵĻˡ
ǸԱ̧ͷ˳Ʒɵÿ˵ôһڵĸôǿô
Ҳɵ˵ղǿʱȻһ
ƷԣɵþúЦЦЦİɣһˣ
ǸԱʱɫһ죬Ȼһ˵ǰǸˣ㳯ͿˣȫֱֵǷͨͨͻͣˣ
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Ʒ˱ľӰսȻˡ
һǰȻһն
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ڳƷһµʱǸ˲Ͷˣ˲䱬һɿֲϢһָһ
Ȼֱһ̧֣ס˳Ʒһ

ŽһĽȻֱӻ˵һֻ־ͳųƷ˹һ졣
Ʒһ̤˺ü㿪һȭȻᵶȥ



˫ֽʮ֮ǸԶͣĿдĵ
ͨ


155 ָ֮
Ʒӿ˵ķ߳ʱЩڵſ˵ˣֻоˣıˣѾľˣ
ԭǻָһȥ˵ĳƷʧܣĻǺôܹһ档
Ȼʵȴǵݺݴˡ
ôл˵ôߺ־ųǹ˵
˶޵ģ޲һŲȵһŵϡ
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˭Ƿţ֪ǲҵģ˹ǻĲͷ˰ɣߺ־ٺһЦ漴ҰǣСүǶ׼ûУ
Ʒ˼һЦ˱˴֮Ц⡣
ܿ죬˾õʸִգҲһƬƬϼ¼ŹǵϢҲŷ㣬㶪ˣֱӲϢҲԲ鵽ġ
ִÿ˵ĸϢǸնˣҲֻ֤Ҫ֤ôϢܹõ
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ȱ͵ûз֣ȳ˹ؿ˵ƷһϢȺ
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Ǹողźͳ־˳ͻھȻǰ٣ô˳־Ҳ̫ˡ
ȻڳﲻʲôֵĺõطԷй˼ɣƷҲй˼ɡ
ԷȻڣǾͱԼˡ
ƷѾ־˺뵽֮˸Īľâ
һг⳵Ȼֱӷ˾ߵĹؿڣ⳵ܿǰΧžеĳǽ
ֻھǽǧ׵ĵطͣʣµľֻܳƷԼˡ
˵ҲȷʵǺԶܿ͵˳ǽ¹ؿĹſڴ
Ȼǵڶοˣٶȿʱ򣬻Ǿޱȵ𺳣ҵڴ룬׳Եޱȵ𺳡
ҪصߣҪ֤Ϣ֤˵ִգֻжͨ˲ſԳء
ҲǱеһߣﶼˣôеҲֻʱˡ
˺ɵͨӼŵļ⣬ϹǽǲȡԶķʽһԽʡһҲǶžЩס
ŵӹǽһһӵɵӶſһһĻɹһͷһͷ޴޵ʬ屻д
һοֳĳƷҲ𺳣޵սͿɼһˡ
Щˣɱ޾Ϊ׬ǮǳƷֻĥġ
ͨ˼֮˾˳˹š
ӳһ޼ʵĻҰǱĳ˹ҵ֮ĶвͬһƬδĻҰ׻ĺܾˡ
һ޼ʣȥޱ޾һһıݾϣڴصľͷǱžкͶеĵһߡ
Ǹ˹Ȼˣ취Ҹط
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Ʒ˵ͷַĳر࣬㼣鲼ȫ򣬵ڴֱ֮󣬴󲿷ֶˣҲʮ޴Ļ֮УЩط϶޻ĳѨ
Щط¥޺УҪ뽫˦ʲˡ
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156 Χǿ
Ȼǳо飬Զ׺ţڱ֣ҲΪ̫Զˡ
һƥḻĹһԶԶ׺ţ֮˸ź˵Ĺâ
ѾյͷϢֻҪǸݵ˻ţ˸ҪţлĻ͵Ŷ֡
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ǿŮһ˶ⱲӲûŮûһġ
ţһĳоѾǰ
СĵĿһܣȷΧû޳û֮һҰߵľǳḻҲΪˣ֪Ұ⵽жôΣա
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ʱЩҲ͹˲ԶԶ׺ˣæȥ
ٶȷǳ죬ΪӵʮǿǣƬ̼ʱ䣬ѾֱӳһеıԵش
ʱԶԶģ޵ĳѾ޻԰ˣȻΪ뾲̫Ĺϵÿһʱ䣬Ӷɨһ飬⵮ʲô̫ǿޡ
ˣ˵ΪΣյġ
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죡
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157 ǿ
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Ʒ˵ʱƽ˶ܹоŭȼա
ڳƷ˵ɱһ£ĻܵĽôһȥǴҪ
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ǰҲɱ㣬ǸСҺúˬˬڲЦ
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ȫ˲䱻һǸսʱд󲿷ֵֻǷһУ˲оա
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Ѿæóһҩڲܿ죬ͳϵĺҲˡ
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158 ţֻĸ֮
һСʱ֮󣬵־ıϵʱѾֻһصսƬǸ˵ʬѾѪζɸɾˡ
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Ѿˣʬ޴棡
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Ǹ˶ס־һЩӶСӵĳԱ鶼ЩѿΪǸȥǵĶѣڳ־ӣͬһȥˣֱǸ
Ǻŭǳ־ȴںΪ֪Щ˸Һը̣ΪǶҪڴＯŲ档
ûڴＯҪȥһܹȶЧĴ˾ɲףڴＯûǣ֮ͽҪж١
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ٺ٣ǰǶͻˣѾֻһţǰѾͻˣصĸо
ߺ־ˣһǹ˵ôƷһӦñذɣ
Ʒ΢΢һЦû˵˼ͿˣˣѾˣܸоĳ
ôܣ̬Ѿ˰ɣ϶˰ɣߺ־ЦֱӾͿϣȻһصĿ޺
ܹܳƷѾص飬ϾƷ֮ǰѾˡ
żûƷȻָһˣﵽء
ԴʵսƷԽ֮ƷƽǱȳƷǿһľ磬ͳΨһİοһ߲Ҳûˡ
֮оͣսҲ͵һ
ǰҿˣĽɣϧûãƷŸߺ־ɥŸɵùЦ
Ȼֿ˼꣬˼ҲѾͻˣҲѾﵽأѾԭȫУһŷƽˡ
Ҫ֪ѧ֮ǰ˼ŷϣһѧڵʱ䣬ȫ׷ƽˡ
˼츳ʵ֪֮Ǳڸ˷âӦȫУĿĽŶԡ
֮ûôĿˣΪԼУΪƷһѧ֮нš
ֳһţ˼Ҳ¶˼ЦݣãһҴеķҲƺɢࡣ
Щʱ·ϲֻǹ¶ѣ˵顣


170 β
˻֮󣬾ȳУʵѾȸոսʱǿĶˣСһЩȻʲô⡣
СĹ򣬾Ѿ˾֮У˾͸ظңҪһ֮󣬵ڶٳ
ٻûлصеʱ򣬳ƷѾ϶ҪƵĶҩҩġ
ЩҩıϿûһжҩģǾ֮ȴΪĶҩ
ǶʦĿ£ɫȴء
һ׶Ը˶ʦĻ룡
ʦбҪ£Ҳа취ΪʦģȻרҵûа취רҵĶȣǶںܶ˵Ѿ㹻µˡ
Ʒһ绰һƽ֮󣬾˿ݣɽͼ֮еҺȫߣݸ˻ھеĸĸá
ҪѾѰ̫ˣóİ취ȻǺ׷ˣֻܾӪһõĻ
ȻСҵųƷңҵæţһ̶ҵ
СҵһԼĪſʮҵӣͷеϡ裬΢΢ȴǫ͵Цݡ
ã֪ʲôԸôҵ㹻ǫȻͣűȳƷϺü֣Ⲣ֪Ʒ
Сĸ߶С֮һסŵˣǸ·ţһǾϵӵĸҪ
Ȼ֪Ʒʲôͷһױ˾ǧ֪ģǧıˣһô
ǿǽڰ
뵽̬Ⱦ͸ǫˣ
ģҵ˾ӦаæסһЩľɣһ£ȫõһеĳвûа취һ˽ȥƷʵ
õͣպþϳеͣƷóӳȻһֱ㲻Ѿѧ˳пγ̡
ΨһĶ̰Ҫ㿪ʼ͸ˣѣһеѧԶѧУѧҲü׷ϡ
һ˵ȻǲܼģVVVIPһصҲӶģǸҵеΪѵĿųƷ
Ʒˣ˵Ǯ⣬ʱ򱨸ݸҾˣҿԸҲϣб˽ңĻʲô룬Ҷ˵ʲô˰ɣ
׵ģ׵ģ
Ǹҵæͷ˵סģǶǴүҪЩүһ⣬ҵ͵ͷˡ
Ҳ벻ǰүѾҵѶˡ
СΪСסģǸ߶ʿҵȻҲǷǳߵģ˵ǶǾţһëˡ
ˣʣµ鷳ˣ飬ϣѧڿѧ֮ǰܹʵãƷ˵ˣʲôǮð¡
һǰɼѧУڶ˵ֻȥͿԼȥˡ
ˣʳҪŮԭĶѧģ
ǸҵСĵʵ
ȥ죬ʱһϷ㣡Ʒ
õģû⣬ûĻҾȸˣ
ҵ
ҵ뿪֮󣬳Ʒִ磬ϻѾǿտҲһɶˡ
ʱ취׬Ǯˡ
ͷһβʬ壬Իھȵľ
һޣʵǺܺȻ󣬵һչĹ˾ҲԼڵĺ飬ۺǵע⡣
ޣǾһˡ
Ʒһվϣעһ˻
վϿʵעᣬҲעᣬֻһע˻Ϊûʵƺѻñ˵Ρ
ޣβʬ٣һڼǧ𲽣ǳţ
ƷվϿһӣȻϴ˼ŸǶβʬƬ
Ȼϣ̾վȻ󲨡
ʵռ¥¥ļٵģβ
ȥβϴڵϿûһģһ
ƬǼٵİɣ
ʵ֤PSĺۼ
һֵĳԹȺڵΧ֮󣬺ܿͳһ
ǧ򣬲ҪһֽǮһֽҫ
Χ¥
ֹȻ죬ҫţƣ
ҫȻվ϶֪̾һΧ۵ĳԹȺڡ
һһֽǮһֽƷûʲôȤˣĻظһ䡣
ûգ


171 
ƷŲż޵ʬ壬ĶʵϣǺ޵ʬҲֻǼ۸ͬˡ
ο޵ʬأ
¥ţƣ
Ҵ¥⵭УװƵζ
ǰΧʹ񣡡
¥ĸӶŵĴ֪
ǧ򶼲ը죡
Ʒظû֮󣬶ʱ·ըˡ
ǧֵܣѣҲ뿴ĸôţƣɱޣ
ظĻǸҫ
ƷһҫǸּ
ȫһǮӡ
ûգ
ƷĻظ򵥵֡
µΧȺڸһըѿˣǶڳƷĻظֻ֣䡣
ֱҪ̫ûУ򣬾Ϊ˽ѣһۣĸ񷶶
ھΧ֮󣬺ܶҲʼˣ⵽ĸսӵСš
ִ֮УЩ˻Ӷţרҵսӡ
ʲô񶼽ӵӶȣսӾʹĶˣֻΪɱޣӡ
ЩսӣҲԸרҵĶˡ
˶о˸ָսӵ֣пܡ
֪սӵֶо˳Ͼܹɱ޵ģҲ޷ǾЩѣÿһԺա
ܿ˷ˣЩ֪սÿһԼרŵķʺţõſСô
ңܹɱһͷޣЩ֪ս˵ҲһϵЩ֪սӣһҲδܹɱĵһͷޡ
Ͼֲ̫ˣ
飬Լ˭Īķء
Һܿкܶսӵ֪ŷǰҥ
ڱҥ֮󣬻Ҫ׷ױʾҪʶһ֣Ͼܹɱ޵ˣǿɲһˡ
ôˣһҲܲ˵ģ˻£ļֵġ
ҲΪʲôղҫԸӼҲҪһһֽǮһֽˣ޷Ǿʶһ£⵽˭ֵӽġ
Ʒ˽ѾҪըˣ˽ŷ˹ƵĳƷòȲȡԶˣվһȼûֱӾ;ܾ
ܹʣģ϶Ǹ֡
ƷƳһۣ϶Ǹŵܻ߸֪սӵĸ֮ġ
ڴʱҳ£ѾвרŴ޼ӹļŶ׷׳ˡ
ҫǧ֮۸ܿǧ
۸ûиβ˵ѾǸߵˡ
ǧ򣬸ǣѰɣҫڳһ֮¿ڡ
˼ûգƷ˼֡
ʱ˶ѾˣգȻƷǲˣʱȤʱͼ˺ܶࡣ
أʱһڴＯŹٷʺųˡ
Ҳ٣ǴβӸǼǵıˣλڴＯһӣΣ
ɵưڴＯʲôҹôõģֻҪβʬף¥ҲҪּۻۣǧôɾͳɣɵĻڣʱһ˵˵
ԭܶ˻ɳƷǲһͷβʬף˵ǼٵأթƭҲûпܵģϾԷеͷ¶β
ʵϺϢûУһڴＯŵӣǱ˽غѽʱǾ˾ŷˡ
ѹҪͷ¶βˣԭβʬôģΪҪⱻڴＯűɡ
ܶɲڴＯŵıǺܶƤӹģڴＯŸţ༰ʲô
ڴＯŵв켶޵ʬҪһЩ
ʱ򣬷ǵûֹͣмۣ౨۷ӿֻǼӼ۵ķȶǺܸˣϾ۸Ѿˡ
еʮʮļˡ
ǧһڼۣӴӣһ񣬾Ͳг𱨳ԹԹˣʱҫһڼѹڳˡ
˰ǧϼӣѾûжˣϾû
˼ҾʹΪ˳һûбҪ
˷׷ֹͣ˱ۡ
ã
ƷҲʱļþգȻҫѵַ˽͹ȥ
٣Ǹҫ˭ĸɵƣ𣿡ʱһ߶С֮еһ־Ǹɽļ۸񣬶ʱŭ˼¡
һҫǸɵƣһ۰ǸʱûŪʱǧӦģġ
ļһҪҲ鵽㵽˭һҪʬΣ


172 ҹϮɱ
ƷҲ֪־Ϊغˣ֪Ҳں
˽棬Ǹҫܿͽַ˹ƷҲ½һʺŸ˹ȥ
ҫҲֻ˼֡
ǹСĵģ
Ʒ΢΢һЦɲСģڴＯ֪ģܹӶɱְŪǧ㹻Ӷһɱˡ
ǸҫܿͽһĶҲǧ˻ˣʣµһ룬ǾҪȵβʬ͵֮󣬲Żٴˡ
ǧ֣Ʒͷֿ˺ܶ࣬Ҳˡ
֮ҪȽҩƳ
ϸ˵Ҳ㲻ǶҩΪ֪ǺڶҩķӦǷǳеģֻܲһְ취ǾǲȡԻɢԻɢܹ˵壬ɫζһСڣôܿͻȫֻԽǿĸ֣ҩҩĵֿҲԽǿֵĻôͲˣΪִͨζַͨӾܹųȥ
ڶһ磬ƷͳˣһϵƣЧǿԻɢѾ¯ˡ
һϵϢ˼껹Ǹߺ־Ծ״̬öˡ
ȥ֪ڳǰôûоãߺ־ųǹ˵ǻҵĴųȥ죬͸оǳȥһ̫꣬ˣ
ߺ־ҲֻǱԹһ¶ѣ˾ͺܿˡ
֮ǰһγȥͬһѾгĶˣһĿ꣬һҪ취ıŪԾ󻼡
ĺЮŶëѩȾһװعڳи߿Ƽĵ⣬ѩδ¾ͷ׷ڻˣνļ紺һ˳Уȫһããľˡ
ͱѩû˵ķ֮УһӰڴѩϲϱ任Σڴѩϣȴû˿ĺۼ·Ǵ˵е񼣣ѩ޺ۡ
ͷֲ޽Χס
ɱץһӰݵӰ֡
һâնһͷͷޱնֱӵʳЩҲܿͱѩˡ
һͷޱնɱ֮ӰһǸȴǳƷ˭ء
ڴѩ֮ϣȴһۼûУҲṦһ൱زı־
һ˼˹һֻ˵ս׵ģЩսۼ֮󣬵Ȼֻзôˣܹ¶ȣ˵ǶůںĶ죬Ҳо䡣
Ľ²ȳһǳǳĽӡͳƷ̤ѩ޺ȣԻвСĲ࣬ʱѾʮ־ˡ
ϸҵıŵַûУƷʵȵϵѪɾ֮󣬾͸Ͻ˱ĵ֮С
Ѿ鵽ˣھڸŶԷſǵʲôطˣ˼˵
ҵˣһתۣѾʮˣʱپһ㣬ǶҪѧˣƷ¶˼΢Ц˵
һתʮʱȥʮ֮УһֱڴＯţ˵ı䣬ڣüĿˡ
ʮʱ֮Уһ̶ûзɹƴУΪҲ˾޴ǳƷҲԪ鵤ҩȫﵽ۷壬ֻһܹͻƵˡ
սԵѰأ
˼͸ߺ־ҲѾҪֱﵽ۷۷ˡ
٣˵Ϊ˾޴
ϧûп־ȥˣ˼Щź˵
ˣ־ʲôĸıֻҪ־ΣƷ˵
˵ıڻûзѰǣ˼촽΢ţǰγһİ
ǣƷЦһڵҪ˭Ź˭ˣ
ߣȥϸ߻ϣƷ̧ͷ˿죬ҹĻ𽥽١
ºڷߣ
ɱҹ
Ʒ˼ҵߺ־µĵַʱϵʱҹĻѾȫˡ
ǿˣ
ߺ־˵æ˵
мڵ˷֮ɫһǱϮɱΣǵڶθ
һΣлһһĶԹˡ
һоڽҹˣƷ˵
Զһ¥¾ۼڴＯӶŵӰΪ׵Ǹı
ж
Ʒһ£˶


173 СƷĴ
ֲɵ˺üҩֵüһûаܣ
ϧˣһ˶ûзǼС䣡
ܲģѾעˣֻҪǿǽĵطͻ֪ͨǵģʱǻĶܣ
ǵģҲòõģ⼸ˣǲѧôҲǳźٳٻмŻȥڲŻȥżʲôֻҪҲôؿڶѣ
ЩӶǵǰһѲһ
һ͵ˣΪһҹһЩҹе޻ʱˣпһЩҹеޡ
һߣıǽǣ־裬ǹҲûлȥ˵Ѿϰ˹ҪǷسУЩ֪롣
ӶȺ֮Уʵ̫ձˡ
ϵĴŲ
ûע⵽ں֮УһЩĩ˳źƮ˳ȥƮһ¥֮С
ܿģԭ˵ЩӶҲڷ˲ˣǺܿͷˣԼӿʼ̱ˣûˡ
ã¶ıΪ쾳ĸ֣սḻ̾ˣ϶¶Ļˡ
ҲԵĶҩĻùֻһĶҩӰ첻ΨЩɫζԻɢУֻѾܾûˡ
ɫζԻɢҲѾǶʦеٮٮˣһܹõġ
ʲôˣȻͻϮڴＯŵӶţ
þȫһ˵
ܿ죬ĻӰǰ
ӳǹ˶£Ʒ΢΢һЦ˵ŵһصЩӶЩӶѾȫˣסˡ
ֻıĹΪ񣬻ܹǣĸоɺΣգһͷͻʱ˳
Լĸоˣı϶ȴһֱ֣ΪľǵԼ߹ȥ¶
ǸϺ갡Ȼսǵڣ˷һƷ⣬Ҳˣһˣֻˡ
ȻǡıŭĿԲû뵽¶ԸԼˣȻǳƷˡ
ʮʱ֮УҲһֱѰ˵䣬һֱûǵϢȴû뵽ԷȻҲҪɱԼ˸ǰûз֡
ãããһĺСӣСˣıŭ˵ŭЦ
ҿɲԶˣҲֻúûȥǲһ·ȻСҲ֪һ㣬˭һ·ҾͲ·˭ҪɱңҾɱ˭ô򵥣Ʒ˵
㲻µڴＯôıε˵
ʲôã˵ɱǣһϾͻᱻɸɾ˭֪ǸɵģƷ˵ǲôôҰɱǣ˭֪ǸɵأֻҰⲻֻǻڻҲڻҰ
֣ȽЩӶɱˣƷЩӶѾˣѾֲסˣ˵

ã
űͿʼЩӶնɱǸոսҰʱǻδܹĵǣǾ̫ˣɱ¾Ҳܶ࣬Ѿϵɱ䡣
úݵģôǶɱˣıĿųƷ˵
ʲôأһǽ̻ѧϰķ򰡣Ʒ˵Ҳװˣ֪㻹Ҳע߹ȥץסʣ߽ɱˣô
û뵽Ȼ㿴ˣô˵˵Ϊ˵ֻҶôı˵
û̫ΣˣˣôܷأƷ˵
ĻСС˳ǸСˣôܱ֤Ҳ˵ʱѶųȥأıʵ
ԼƵĶҩѵĶûôƷ˵
Լơı֮ޱȾû뵽ƷȻ
֪ԭΪԼ޷ļƻ׳ʲô©ˣΪ̫С˳Ʒˣ˺
Сӣûб˿һͷ黢ݷЦԼ˷
ı䣬ȴȻһӴ˳κһһֱӳųƷ˹
ϣ֪ʲôʱѾһսųƷݺն
ȻͬƷ²ǰ㣬ûȫʧȥս


174 ı
ƷԼƵĶҩȻרҵʦƾŵӴ֮еĻ֪ʶܹжϳж
ıҪװԼѾʧȥжͻϮƷԣǲܵ顣
ץסһ㣬ʱ䣬ıеĶ
໥ƣĽ֣ڳ֮ǰͿʼˡ
ֻǳƷҲòпıı㣬Ǳ˵£Ȼ侲˼Բߡ
ܹһս֮ռϷ磬ΪȾ֪ııעҪա
ʱƷҲûʱȥЩˣΪıֱӷ
죡
죡
죡
ȻѾȲ۷ʱˣһƷһʱ䣬ԻɢҩѾ֮ˣӰĶԡ
һֵĳƷˣǼˣıĶǼġ
һֱɨ˳Ʒ
ڳƷķӦ˿ϡһӰսʣâֱ˺˳գ˲նɨĵ⡣

һײѷǿսֱײһ
Ʒ΢΢ζסΡ
Ķ棬ıҲֻ΢΢ζסΣ˼ǲһ㡣
ıȴޱȵĺȻе𾪶޷εס
ȷʵԻɢò̫ΣҲڱֵ˲
ƷĸоȴǱȰǰǿ˺ֻܶ࣬һΣΡ
֪ʱежôȻ
ǴʱȴҲûʱȥ룬˼͸ߺ־Ķܿ죬նɱЩѾʧȥ˷Ӷò̫õʱ䣬ʱʵǲˡ
ΨдʱͻΧһһ˰Χѵĸʾ̫ˡ
뵽ٿƷ֮Уͳź˵ɱ⡣
ˢ
˫յеսٶȳ֣â׼ݣųƷͷɨ
ã
Ʒ˷ϲս˵ôȻǷǳࡣ



˫ĵâڰ֮ײĽлд⣬ȴһĲܾ࣬͵
˫ԽԽ죬ԽԽıƴһ˿ǳƷҲ˿ıĸͻΧܹȥ
ıͷӦ½ʱ˫ƴľսսˡ
սϣƷֿͬزͬĵʩչûһ˿һɬ
ս˵ƷȻҲǾḻˣǺıֶսȣǲôһЩ
ˣһʼʱ򣬳ƷǻһЩ·磬ǸıľսǳƷսٶȣֱˡ
ƷϵͲǺܶ࣬սбıصչ֮󣬺ܿ͸ˡ
ı󻹴δһսʱ򣬻ܹһ߲ϵĸĽԼĸսǿ֮ܿ͸Ȼתս֮УĸѲ
˫ѾƽˣƷʼռϷ磬ϵѹı
ʱƣҵĶڵҩʼѪҺȫһ½
ѾͻҵڳƷĹ֮סķȦѾܲˡ
ʱ˼͸ߺ־ѾЩӶΧ˹þ
ûͻΧϣıǷ񣬷ĳųƷɱȥ̶жôķ񣬳Ʒһ侲飬Ľס
ߺ־ȥæȴ˼סˡ
Լһ˰ɣѵõĻÿ˶Ϊսֵģ˼˵ףʱĳƷʲô
˵ǧѷĺûᡣ
ƷҲȷʵоԼ״̬ǰδеĺãΪԵһ֣Ǳ˾Ҳһ˿һķɡ
ҲΪˣֻоԼյս֮ǰĺüƼ˵ıʲôֶζܹõóҲóƷ۽硣
ĥԼıһ˵ڿˣ˼͸ߺ־֣ΨгƷһӦǽĥʯʯ
ΣƷ˵
ıɫͻȻ˲һȫ۵˫ϣȻһųƷն
һĵƣصڲͷ˳
еڲóôϧ̫ˣ
Ʒһ𣬶ˣ˲ȫ񱻳գնһ

ͣ
ӰսֱӴıĲնȥѪ˲罦˳
ıɴ۾ƺ޷ŵģ廹һӣȥ


175 ʬ޴
ıû뵽Ʒȵľһʱ֮ǰı½ңĵһֱǳȽ˵Ҳ
˵һЩƷҲûǸʵѹơ
ƷһֱȵľᣬȻıɴնɱ
꣬꣬꣡
ƷϴŴղһǺľȻվȵĳ̶ȣĵҲóƷоȫǱһ
һԵ˼͸ߺ־ȻǵһοƷʩչƷһжܹŷ
ÿһγƷʩչʱǶǾޱ𾪡
һɲǼ䣬˼֮Ȼǿһ
ǶһһоѾˡ
Ȼʩչһ֮ҪĴҲСֻǺȡõս˵ֵһᡣ
ǣĻᣬ϶ҲԸġ
ˣ
ߺ־΢΢һһ쾳ĸڰжţ˵ѹʵ̫ˡ
νʳѰΪĺ֣ܹնɱĴڣһߣеĳɷ֡
ͺöˣû˺ֵвҲȫĶˣƷͷ˵
ղһջСɣ˼˵
ȷʵвСջǶƿأһЩսɵȵȣͻҲǲõˣ⼸ˣƷס˾Ӱսŵ˵
̫ˣͻƣǿɾˣһΣУУţúܣߺ־;ñˬȻԼɨ˷Ʒܺɨ˷Ҳܸˡ
ܵģǵĿǸ߿ǸǶ֪ɣǰѾˣǵڶûдﵽأ
Ʒ˵ûиߺ־˷ܣΪ֪ԼĿʲôҲ֪ĿǰԶ
ҿǱ̬òãҲԽԽǿˣܳˣȥؽ磬òһ̤쾳磬쾳綼׵ģѧҲǼʦŹߺ־ɵñһֿڣ˵
Ҳν䣬ǶѾܹĲˡ
ŵģһǶ
СѧʼУٵУҶǶ꣬ﶼϼˡ
ô֪أһʼˣǾͿ϶ûϣˣƷ˵
ãҲ̬ˣǱ̬ҲǱ̬ߺ־˰˵ô˵һΪԷ϶ǷˣǳƷĻǾһˡ
һָоǳƷĻпܰɣϾǱ̬
ˣǸϽ߰ɣȻһҹе޶Ҫˣ˼˵
սҲȥһʱˣֻע⵽ˣҪˡ
ߣһβ
Ʒ˵
ãϣ
ߺ־ͷ˵Ҳûжʲô
ߺ󣬳ƷͽЩӶõĸֱս׶ѹһգǰȻû취ˣôĶҲ㣬ֻ֪ܲʲôˡ
ڲͬˣԿɽͼĿռ䣬Щս׶УȻȵص˳֮취ԴȻǶֻǱĶЩӶս׿һǳϧΪЩҰܾĶ
ÿһս׺ͱ൱
ӦܹǮ
ЩҲûлѶʱ䣬Ȼ͸˸ߺ־˼ˣ뿪
һӰźҹˣǶһͷͷޣЩ޶ѪζѾˣĺ֮УҲڸǲѪζ
ЩޱѰҰ޵֪϶ٱ
һͽЩӶʬ˸ɸɾϷһ˻·һ㡣
ЩӶıʬǶɴһ㶼ûֻһ̯Ѫ
Ұʵ̫ˣû˻ںȻҰ⣬Ҫ׬Ǯʱ򣬾͵ӵ׼
ıȫʧȥϵҲڴＯ¶ҹˣֻһӶûҲûˣڶܹӶһӣǾḻĹıôûˣǲǴ鷳
ֱͲοҪ໥ŵù˾͸ˣûĸڴＯƾʲôժһЩټҩġ
Ǵ⣡
һҹ֮䣬շתߣ


176 أٽ
ڷеһ䣬ʮ౳ڲϵĵţѩ̤һĽӡ
ǶΧмһӰϵɱȥÿÿ˹ؼʱ򣬶ᱻӰӶ˹ȥ
ÿÿǧһʱ̣ԸָĶȥˡ
еʱ򣬺üͷ౳򹷻ᱻˣתһСģײһ
˽ֲ̤Ƕǳȶ
಻ʮֵ೤ҵս֮УҲûгֵ⣬ʮֵȽ
ڴ֮һ
ǰһͷԱĳ౳ҪǿһȦĿֲ౳򹷡
켶ĳ౳򹷣
౳򹷱ͶĴڣԼ켶ĳ౳򹷣Ҳ൱۷Ĵڣĳ౳򹷣ǾͿ϶һصĳ౳Ⱥеߡ
ǾͲֻͳʮͷĳ౳򹷣ͷĳ౳򹷣켶౳򹷵ʮϡ
һͷ켶ĳ౳򹷵ˣȴǱˣǳƷ
Ʒ̤ɾű䣬ʱʱʩչӰ
ʹãõĳ뻯ܹôĳ౳֮֮ء
ܹ켶ĳ౳򹷽֡
һͷ켶ĳ౳Ѿ۷壬ĳƷ˵ҪǿôһߵģǳƷʵ̫ˡ
һͷ켶ĳ౳ɱѴƷ½ǣ෴ģƷϵĳܹһͷ켶ĳ౳򹷵һ˵˿ڡ
𣡡
𣡡
𣡡
һͷ켶ĳ౳һŭоԼһҧǰֻŵʵÿÿȴûа취˵ǰһ
ʱƷһ֮״̬֮УǼ֮ѾоˣԼͻƵǰˡ
һΣÿչأΪصھ⼸첻ϵĳ֮Ѿҡҡ׹ʱܿء
ҲҪαչأֻҪʱܿһ
ڣ͸оԼѾصſڣֻҪ΢ȥһôΪؾ˳µˡ
˶֮״̬״̬£վٶȣԶԶ״̬ʮͷ౳򹷣лһͷ켶ĳ౳򹷵ΧҲκβ
ˣˣһжˣ
սΧߺ־˼һͷ౳ɱţȻһ߸սеĳƷ
һ߸䣬һҲҪʲôʧҲԼʱȡ
ҿҪˣ۷켶౳򹷣Ȼôŷŷݣߺ־ԶԶĿеĳƷɵõĹֽһ˵
֪ԼƷܹز̶ܴΪǿӰϵΪֻ»ǻᱻ׷ϴġ
˼˵ͷͻˣһսԼҪģܹһͷ켶ĳ౳򹷵ѹһٿأǾòˣ
¸£ҵͻȻϽУˣ뿴ƷЩصѧţߺ־һǹǰĳ౳֮˵ҺѾܹǸˣ
ǻǵһԼɣһûʱˣͻҲֻһţҲڿǲԼվһԼ
˼Ҳնɱǰĳ౳˵
ڳ˳Ʒһ֮⣬ԼҲͬһŵ⡣
˼ֻ벽ܹأߺ־ҲֻһܹأǶ̫࣬ͬĽҲܴ
ǵĻ䣬ȴƷȻһӴһȫһ˶̥һһΡ
ĵ˲ĸٶȸ죬ֲȻǰһͷ켶ĳ౳Ľڽڰˡ
˵Ʒ֮ǰĵÿһܹڳ౳նѪۣôڣƷÿһܹڳ౳򹷵նǡ

Ʒһȣβ֪ʲôʱѾһͷ켶ĳ౳򹷵ߣȫӿֵ˾Ӱսϣһ¡
ͣ
Ѫ罦һͷ켶ĳ౳һӾͱն룬ڵһ֮Ͳˡ
Щ౳ڿ챻ɱ֮󣬶ʱɢͣ˿û֮ǰηģ
Ʒͻߺ־̤˹
ͻˣأƷӰս˵
ʵսĻη壬Ϊ۷ĳ౳򹷱¾͸նɱ֤
һͻƣ֮ǰǿ̫ˡ
ߣʣ¼죬ҰǻͻƣƷһθУǶҪչȭţ
һתۣʱ׾Թ϶УҲǰˡ


177 ˵ͻƣ
ڻ
б߳ǹǽڣһķֵ꣬߾ٳǹһ
̾˹ǽڽ˵ע⡣
ԱߣӰԶһȫʶӡ
ǻصĳƷһˡ
ڿԻصůĴ˯һߺ־˷ܵ˵
»϶Ұɹû˯һΰȾÿһ϶ֵֹ࣬Ӫկĵط
һµʱļڿѧǰص˰ȫĹǽڡ
˵Ϣһǰ˸Եı仯ֱǻһһҲżɱϵϢ
һУ˵ʵͻͽı仯ԳƷΪһǰأѾأС硣
ߺ־˼ҲֱԾС磬ǰ죬ͻˣߺ־˳أ˼Ҳ˳أھƷƽ
ˣҶؼҺúϢһ°ɣһȷʵˣƷ˵Ͼŵ㣬ȥѧϣ
ãȲ˵ˣȻȥˣҪȥ˯һߺ־Ȳ˵Ȼһг⳵ڷӶȥ
ڹǽھѾкܶ⳵ͣĿ궼ǴҰսϻЩӶǡ
ҲȥúϢһ°ɣƷ˵
˼˶٣ųƷ˵ллˣ
֪Ʒ˺ܶ࣬гƷָټϳƷṩԪ鵤ֻ£Ҳûٵٶȡ
Ȼ츳ӼõԴ̫ˣĴҪأҲǷǳҪģҲӰٶȡ
ڿųƷ鷳
ˣҵʲôлǻﻥûǣҲûа취ͻƣƷ
ûиߺ־˼꾭ѹҲô˳ͻơ
ʱ˵Щ̫ˣƷ˼ļ
˼ɫɲһĨΣȻŵ˵ͷһ⳵ϳˡ
ƷԼҲһ⳵С
ŸոջصССҵŰݷá
ϴôˣƷʵ
Ǹҵæ˵ѾˣֻһǱҪУѣ
Ʒֻиֱ̣ÿ죬ǰ붼롣
ڶհǧ޶Ʋ˵ȴʲô
֮ǰβǮѾǵĿˣǸҫţûóƷʧ
м侭ֵķûж٣ƷʵҪ飬мȻҪٷá
ͷȥβŲʮ򣡡Ǹҵæ˵
ͷ˵ݷңҸ㻮ȥʮ򣬶ģѺˣƷ˵
ллҵæϲ˵ǿʮ򰡣׸ɺüµĹʡ
Ʒ΢΢ͷ뿪ˡ
֮ǰұϵҲýһУڲǻǮѡ
ƿͨȻһԣ
Ʒ֮ǰѼһ֧Ӷŵıս׹ҳȥˣȻĲǱϾǶֵģƷҲûǸ˼ʱһһȥֻļ۸񣬴ҴҽЩս״˳ȥ
Ȼҵ˾ԱɨΪһֱھסԺĸĸþҪˡ
Щ鶼õʱ򣬾Ѿҹˡ
һҹ޻ڶһƷѸĸý˻
磬Ժסô˷ܵĺƴһڱﵽܣ
̱ʮ꣬ոܹ·ĳ漸Źһ˿һܹߣܹܵĻᣬȫ˵磬þʱ
ֳǰֻϿ
ƷŴʱĳ棬ǳ˻Сһ˸ͷͬŮҪһͷ֮⣬һ㽡ŮҲûʲôֱ
ɵ¶˼οЦݣֻҪܹÿĵЦݣôһоͶֵõġ
֮ǰеŬ˼ֵ
ԣԺסԼȥϲһ䣬סһ䣬װ޷㲻ϲĻװ޻װޣƷʮĴһ˵
ϸ磬̫ˣֻڼΪ˵ʱ򣬲Żϸ磬ĲЬ¥ȥѡˡ
ȻʱƷſĸĸҲ鸴ӵĿǰһһȫֵƵı
裬ҲˣȥһɣƷ˵Һܶ࣬²
ⷿӺܹɣ˺þãܿǿʵ
ʱ㻹˲ɣⶼǺӵТģͱôˣסžˣ֮ǰǵӵ飬סԭĵطҶģ
ǳĳʮˬĽ飬˼ά߼Ҳܼ򵥣ҶТģǾ͹ˡ
Тӱ쾭飬ȻǺģҲʲô£αؾܾö
ڳĳɵȰ£ܿǳ׽һ
ƷһƽȽӹˡ
ҹĳɳϵҵ˳ƷһҹľƣǸпһӳˡ
ڶһ磬ƷԹ緹Ҳͳˣ죬ҲǸУӡ


178 Է粨
ѧΪѧУҲӵźͷһɣռؼΪ㣬ȹʱĴѧҪһЩ
ʩһӦȫ
ھһµĺ֮ѧٶӭѧȻ컹δѧѧѧǷ׷һ͸ˡ
ΪǸУӣȻУ᲻ǵһξٰˣǺʣһβͬ
⻹ѧһξٰĽᣬѧѧ˵ҲǷǳģζĳ̶ֳܹУصᲢˡ
ѧ飬⺮ٵĩβԵѧУæ
ټѧУľӢţһʱ䣬ѧſͷܶ
ѧĶʮǿɣҲô˵أ
㲻ҪСЩʮǿȻǶͨѧĶʮǿȴ֮д󲿷ֵѧҪأͨѧҲ˲űأ
ѧ϶ͨѧҲǺѧУصЩѧˣ
˵ĵһĸѧУأУУ
ΪʲôѧУȽڣʵȽĿõģ
Уſڣܶѧѧ۷׷ףڽ˭ܶڣԼĿ
ԶӰ˵ǰ
һŮһеģķ֣ϹżЦݣһе޳˶ģ㡣
һŮĸһѩɫյ͹£پ£ѩźƳһ
ʲôˣѧʵĿҲǸŮӵϣƿ
ҿؿڵУգʮеѧӦʮжʮǿ
ʮУǸ׵ѧУôû뵽ǸѧУȻܳŮ
һʮеУˣܹʮжʮǿȻʵòذ
ѧ۷׷ףǳƷˣֻǵĿ󲿷ֶ˼ϡ
Ͼ˵˼òʵ̫ԽˣʮУ˼ҲƾѧĩĳɫѾеŮ
Ҳ鵽ˣǸŮӽ˼꣬ǿɱСɲֻǴ˶ʮǿô򵥣ȥʮеĩأ
ѧóƽ鵽˼һЩ顣
ϾЩҲ̸ʲôأڸУĹ϶Բõ
ǰǾеˣѧУص֮Ž˰ɣ
ѧȷŵ˵˵ѾǺܴĿ佱ˡ
кУѧʲôʱ򽫱ѧУѧ
ٺ٣Ǳˣǲûͨԣ
ǾͲ˵ˣҪͨĲԣҲذɣǾѾǸУʮǿ֮еٮٮˣкϷˣ
ƷߵѧſڣݣʮǰμһθУģȴ֪ڽУ֮ǰҪͨǰĲԡ
ͨǲͨӰУ
һһԼĪһ˸ߣϷмյƣֻͨ˲ԣƲŻԽ࣬ôҲζʵԽǿ
ʵҲռ֡
Ʒ⣬ӰУôҪԣǵǰкоٰʱҲûֲԡ
ɲǼ䣬ˣѼ鱨
ȻǸѧУǰʮǿǺʣǰʮǿ֮Ҳǿ֣֮ʮѧУ֮еǿߣҲֵעĶ
ͨǿͺܿˣԵİˡ
һѧ˴ѪˣһˣƷ
أȴһ󳰷ӲԶ
ӴǲʮеЩôô˲ǱôʱһѧѧУ˳һƵĿųƷˡ
ǿǸòһܹĶûаɣ
Ҳûпܰ˵ǽֻŷһ˿أأûа취ͨĲԵأ
ҪǻǱˣϽ߲ˣҲûϣͨԣ
Щһһ䳰ȷ
Ʒһۣʵ˭
Ǽѧһ£û뵽ƷȻʳ⡣
ǾȻʶǣǺÿ
Ʒٶȷһۣʵǵ˭ΪʲôһҪʶǣУУѧ
ƷͲ֪˰ɣǾһθУǰĶʮаߺ־¸¹Цһ˵
ˣһΪУеѧأԭǵڶѧУѧ


179 ʮеĵһ
ߺ־һ˵Ʒ֪ʲô⣬Ҳϵ˵ҶԷ̬Ҳȷʵܲˬ
ô񣬲֪˻ΪлеѧأԭһڶѧУѧ
ȻʮҲòĶȥһһһڶѧУÿһθУ׵λá
УǰéѧУľǣ˭ܲף˭ܲ˭ʤ
еЦһ͵ڶమɱǱȴΣΪѧУʵ̫Ѿûбѡ񣬲ĩβѾˡ
ѧУ֮ĳԹҲԽԽ
ѹſǵЦˡ
Ʒ˶ǵһβμѧУ֮Ľ֮ǰҲûо
ʮڲоأǲһ㾭鶼ûС
ǻһأȻҳЦǣǼѧʱŭɶ˵ѧУѾǵڶˣܹЦҲΨʮˡ
Ҫһ£һǣһѧȻˣǵһ϶ˣߺ־ǰһ˵

ѧУŷô˵
ˣǼƽϸʲôҲͨ˲ԣջûˣжʮеѧɵ˵
ôţ˵ĺͨһߺ־ԥķҭ˶Էһ£
⼸˶ʱҭסˣȻҲǶʮжʮǿʮʮǿе׵ģȻûͨԡ
ʮкʮг궼ھһڶʵˮƽ޼ʮǿˮƽҲࡣ
ܹͨ˱Ƕ࣬ѧУŷڶϣҲֻ˰ɣѧУͨأһѧ˵Ǹʮѧ鷳Ȼ׼
Ƕʮеֻ֪ŷڡ
ƷЩѧɵôżֿ飬ȻǶʮеӡںܾǰ
ǶƷִżֿǵ񿴵Ĳڣڣ̲סˣ˳
㿴ʲô
ôɵưߺ־ҡҡͷһӲɽҲӡ
˵˭ɵƣ٣ҴǰɣѪյѧ˵عǸѧУٮٮߣǾͿҪ̲סˡ
ѧУܹˣˣѧУܹ˼ˣʲôϵԼܹӲԼˣϹʲôһȺʧһȺʧܵЦôߺ־˵
һӱ˵µĶʮеѧȫɫͨ죬ߺ־Ļˣƫƫֱ˵£ǱҲôģȥܹǳЦģҲֻʮеѧˣһʼһĻ
˵˵ȥǻǲԣбǾ԰ʮһѧƵ˵ǺǸˣΪʲôƷ˲ǰˡ
Ǿ͵԰˭ǣߺ־˵ɣĸҲңѧʦļ֤֮£Ǵģܹһ˸ÿô
򣡡ʮе˻ǲʲô壬һ룬ʸʵͨԵŷڶҲûʲôˡҪÿ˶һ˹ɲ㣡
Ϊ˱֤գʮеѧæһΪøߺ־Ϊѣ˭֪ߺ־һѾʹӦˣ˵ɣô˵ˣǷҲˣ
һ̻Լķãܹʮеѧѿǿ˸ߺ־ԴյЦݣɵһֲĸо
ǶԼѾγɣû취أ˫ѾǮһרŴõУͷָ˿ֻҪ󣬾ͻеӦĽ
ʱĽǮһ˻֮С

ʱ򣬸ߺ־ǰȻһȭ˲
һһϣһơ
ѽüѣûǻϣģߺ־һЦ˵
ʮе˺뽫ЬݺһŲȵߺ־ϣϧǲܵģֻܽϣŵ˳Ʒ˼ϣϣǲͨĻǻлᡣ
ֻҪһͨǾӮ
ˣһζʮеҪˣҲ鵽ǵˣѧڵĩ֮УǸиߺ־ֻǰǸ˼Ůǰأǰ˶ˣǰ˼ܹôѧѧŸող鵽ϣɵ˵
ϲԶǶʮеѧʱɫ͸ѿˡ
ǻӲˣҲһôǸһ￴ʵǺǿӦùˣ
ѧѧܵĻһ䣬öʮеѧУһ޿ı顣
ʮеĵһ


180 һ
յĽȻҲûʲô⣬ǳƷ˼궼ɵͨ˲ԣƷ˼궼ʵûóȫʵ
ϾȻµѧĿΪѼ鱨ô϶Ͳǵóˣֻĳһ£֤ܹҲˡ
ˣҲܳ˵Ԥ֮ˣϾҲû뵽һֱڵʮоȻôͨԣߺ־ѧڲǰѣȻܹͨ
һʮеʵ֪˾޴ԭںܶ˿ʮҲŷܹͨԣȴû뵽ֶ
ȻأԳŤתʮеƣ벻ᵹڶˣлƴһƴ嵽ѧУء
ҲǣƷ˼͸ߺ־ˣͷһѧУ֮⣬ҲѧУ֪ŷ֮⣬ʮвˣء
ˣôǮҲȻ˳Ʒ˵ʺϣȻܶ࣬ҲʮѣǶڳƷ˵ģڸߺ־˼˵ҲһʲСǮˣϾǲǳƷԴ
ȥӣʮеѧ֪Լ˼ˣˣһʼߺ־ʤȯյһӣȥƫƫǻɵȥ
ʱٿΧ˵Ŀ⣬ڳЦһΪܹһʮеĶ֣˭֪ȴʮеѧˡ
ܾôˣһҪֻһѧĵ˵һѧ˵Ҳһʾ޿ˣѧУòء
Ǵ򲻹ǣҲһʮеѧ˵ղŵһԾ֪ˣϡ
ȻҲѧеٮٮߣҲ֪˴֮ʵ໹еġ
ȻǵĶ֣ǿ׿ΰȥҾͲˣǮܱ˲ɣѧ˵
ʱѧǰһǶʮеϯʵȻ˵Էʮеŷ𣬺οء
ԣߣ
Щѧģ̶ܿˣ᲻Ǯ
ЩѧѧȫһϷӣԸ߸ϵĿЩУľӢһ˺ƣమɱںĩβҪǰæ尡
Ʒ֪Щʮеѧȥ˰ˣ֪ˣҲ⡣
У԰֮Уָָҵķ
Ʒ
أһţƷ͸оһ
һҰɹƷѾÿʱÿ̶־ϰߡ
һתľӰȻӭȥ

һ޴ޱȵĽײսݺݶԿһһʱĽ
ʱıʣһ˵ע⣬ѧѧҲѧУʮǿѧ
ô£ôУ԰ʹˣ
Ҳ̫ļ˰ɣȲ֮Ĵˣ
ǸѧʶǲѧУĶʮǿ֮һķôһ˭
͵ϮȻ͵Ϯûɹ
ѧھľ֮󣬺ܿͶӦ˹ˡ
ϾѧУ֮д֣Ǵ¡
˸ע⵽˷ŭɶ飬ɫҪƷ˲˺һ
֮ʲôʲôޣǵ֣
˲ɵвɻ
Ʒ˵ٵȵ㣬ˣ
֮зŭɫֱˣ޲ýƷ̻ȥ
һʮеѧУ֮УҰ˳ƷУˣսˣν˷۱ڣڿԱˡ
ԭ㣬ͱ˵ĻǾͱҲˣƷüͷ΢Ȼ󿪿˵
ųƷһӣŭɶΪ˻㣬ﾭѵҲҪģҾҪնһ첲йͷ֮ޣ
ƷɫҲ𽥱ıնһ첲
ɲʲôƢˣ棬ƲԳԷƣɲˡ
ַﻹңԸ㣬ֻҪһо͹ˣƷԽ䵭˵
ڳƷߣߺ־˼˶֪Ʒˡ
ҿŭɶһÿĶ챻Ʒܣһ˰ûȥΪľǾԼһսĳ衣
΢һվ˽Ÿ֮Ȼеսֱӻһѩĵ⣬ųƷն
һǰһսǿˣȫȫĿأһسӡ
â£ۿžҪ䵽Ʒϵʱ򣬳ƷˣͨڵľӰսɨһâӭȥ
һ죬ʱԱʱٶȵ˳ȥ


181 һ
ۣ
һѪ˰Уһ˳ȥݺˤ˵ϣɢ˼һ˰죬û
սҲͱɵһȥˣĻڴͱ˺˿ˣѪ
˶סˣΪῴһϾ˵ˣƷ֮ǰܹ
˶֪棬ȻҲƷ̧˭֪ǻ̫С˳Ʒˡ
ֻһѣһ֮󣬷ͱɳȥҰˡ
վվˡ
ԼҲǺðûзӦ滮ľ籾ȫһԼУӦһµĿޣʵȫڳƷ֮ϣһĸ첲ն
ȻºĴ϶ٲ˵ģѧĶʮǿʦҲô޷Ǿʮпӡ
һжƺˡ
һսܱ֮һҪ
Ȼʵϣȴְܱˣһΰܵĸңϴ˺ܾãűƷܣڲһѣ˾Ȼɳȥ
öп
ȫɢ˼һյһֱѾǷԹۣΪͳƷһѡ
ָоͺ֮ǰȥʱһͷһҲֱײĿֲ
ѵƤô
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˱ȻΪǵĴУ
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ǼǸʱĳƷ˵ŵĻɡ
ôôݰҲңϴһһָͱһǹأߺ־ɵƵ˵
ԱߵŶֱۣǿѧǰʮǿô˵ĺ·߲гһȥء
ֱ˹ȥ
ûһһӰҴҵĳ˹˵ȥķ棬ʱףŭ˼¡
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ɲǼ䣬Ѿץ˳Ʒĺ
Ʒ֮һâ
ˢ
ǸʦӥצֱӴӳƷӰ֮дȥˣȷȷʵʵǴ˹ȥˡ
ʲôôܣ
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ͣ
ȻǸʦӦܿ죬ΪķӦٶȿ
ղһ˲䣬ǱƷץסˣնһ֡
Ǹʦˣ㿪˳ƷĹΧֱֱۣһ޴˿ڳ˵ǰѪֱ
ãããСӣȻˣ㲻ˣǸʦŭɶ˵ҪϱʮУʱ㿪
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ûǼ޳ܵˣҲûô޳ܵģԼѧ͵Ϯȣ˶֤ѧУҲͷԵ¼񿴿ǾȻһңۣߺ־Цһ˵
Ҳ֤͵Ϯǣ˼꿪˵
ǸʦʱɫһһףѾ˳ƷĻν֤ʶԲһ£ϾۣͷģԷһ޿ֵӣҲζţԷ˵Ӧġ
ٿΧѧӣ͸ȷˡ


182 Уеĺ䶯
Ҳ˵ǵܱ𣬻׿һҪԴСһжΪŵķ档
ƽʱҲǺܳŷ棬ʱҲɵһֺɸֵ顣
˵͵Ϯ͵Ϯ˰ɣ˸ſˡ
Ȼ䣬һʮУƾưɣ˸ſˣѧ涪
ʱκڣǺεƣ
Ҳܽ˴ʦأӲ˵
ƷЦţ˵ôţ͵Ϯңô
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ΧܶѧѧʱŭĿӣųƷ
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ǷܹΪصĹؿڣ飬Ժʲôſԡ
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һ½ϣѧˣܿǣҪôս׼˼˵
׼һεĴϣǱСүĵط¸£ߺ־΢΢һЦ˵
汻һιȥϢܿڸѧУ֮дˡ
У᱾ͲǺͺĽǸӢѧʵ˵һʢᣬԴ˶С
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У϶ǸѧУľӢѧҲûпΪǵĶʮǿܹˡ
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ԷʵȻǱҲǱһлܡ
أһ۾ʵǸǲǽгƷ


183 ֵĹע
ԣǸ˺ǽгƷɣǸҲе㲻̫ҿ϶ΪǴûнʮзϡ
ǵĿֻУУˣǸͲǿǵķΧ֮ڡ
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˶Ŀ⼯е˸ղǸڵ˵ϡ
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Ʒʲôˣֻ֪ʮһŷʵĶ࣬ƷǴĸʯͷĳģʱ׵λãһԼĪʮ˾ģһͦν˶ͻȻ˵
˵Ŀⶼ֮꣬䣬Ȼհ
Ҫ֪Щˣһһǿ󣬶ǾӢ֮еľӢ˴֮Ҳ໥Ͼ໥
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е˼ʮӦܹڳһЩ˻ʱǿԿȽ΢΢һЦ˵Ҳֻĳ̶ˡ
ûʲôʮеˣֻкеǿ˼ͬ
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ʱһƬȻЦ
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ǸŽѧ˵
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̫ˣһҪúýѵ
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ЩѧľӢѧȻƷŭˣ־ҪڵһµĽϺݺݽѵһ³Ʒ
ƷߺߣȽЦһ漴ֱ۾չء
ͬʱеϢ֮УͬʮӢٮٮ߸ЩӢѧÿһ϶ǿϢӵǿΪĿ磬ѧĶʮǿҲֻǿ
ֻǶû
Ƕ˵ôٺ٣ڽ֮ǰѾ̲סֽһ
Ȼʱֵģûʲô˼Ҳã
صǣѧǸʮǿ˻ˣһǱһˣǵ涼Ҫ˰ɣ
Щѧһֻ飬ϾǺѧǿǾ֡
Ȼǵ϶һֱеѧЩѧҲͱˣС
ʱѧȻˡ
ʱϢҵشǰһ޳毺õŮһ֮ϣ䷳ķһ飬һĳ
Ʒôе˼ŮһĨЦݣ˵
ܿ죬ֽͶ뵽е֮Уȫ¶ûܹе羪һ


184 ڵĶʮд󲿶
У԰СϵĲݵϣһ˶Ӱڲݵϣһʮ˾ģ꣬ݴżִֿ񣬿ʵҪһЩӡ
ڲݵϣ߶·ѧ۵Ķ
Ȼʮеһ˸ˣ
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Ʒźе˼ʮҲܳ˲ţǲ˼飡Ľ˶Ӱվе˼ˣûô
ӰܿʧСϡ
ʱƷ֪ԼѾѧ֮и·ֵĺ䶯˶Ŀתߡ
֪Ҳ̫ĸоԼ֮ǰ˵ģڣûˣ
ȻĿڵģô϶ҪЩ˵ע⣬ʲôء
ѾѧָʮеϢ֮УʱϢ֮УѾкüʮǿѧڵȴˡ
Ǽ˳Ʒ׷׵ͷкϾʱĳƷ֮ǰȫͬˣڳƷȫУϯݺ͵λ֮ǰͬն
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ϺܶʱӣԼŬҲԼԭֻ̤Ϊ˽ĸ죬ڱ˴̤ǰʱ˫ĲԽԽˡ
ѯһ£ŷûеƺұȥȥˣڵϵҲֻǾʮ֮С
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ϢҵĴžٶȱƿˣȴһʮ˵ģԾ롣
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ҲʲôԼҾҪǰǮĻͱҲˣǸΪ׵ӿ˵
ҪôҲ£ߺ־ֱӴ۵еĳǹ˳
Ƕʮеɣ˵㣬ҲǶʮƽʱ裬µĻǿɲǣҪĻôǾͷˣ
ʱҲǰһ˵
ȻͳƷ˵Ĺϵã⡣
Ǵʱʮе߳ӵģǺ޷ӦôֻԼ涪
ʲôŷڶҺô˵ǸΪףͨ꿪˵
ԭǶʮеɣǱȻȻӮˣǮûȥˣǺǣҲûʲô˵˰ɣߺ־˵
ãȾͱȣ
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ǱѧУܻҪ֣Ϊ°ܽʮУʲôµġ
һ̾ϰɣߺ־Цһǰ˵
ʱϢж˳ҲĵϢңڻָԭˡ


185 ĸߺ־
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ϾҲǶʮеĶʮǿʮеٮٮߣƽʱѧУҲǱ׷Ľɫʱλܹȥ
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һ޴ײǹɨһǹɨ˽ϡ
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ʵʮڶԺɨˡ
˶ŵĿ˸ߺ־ߺ־ѧڽֻأλĩİǿѡ
𾪵鷢ˣǾǸߺ־еĳǹȴǺչ˷ȻܹǸսĲ¡



һײߺ־ȻȫסĹʱʮеѧžķ֣ߺ־ȻҲﵽأصѧĿ˱׼ߡ
⡭ôܡ˵ɴ۾š
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˼˵ͷ˵
Ǹ͵һܹʩչ£һ糤һǿܹɱϸߵȦ֮УذɣƷ
˵֮ǰ˼ܸŷһսĳ̶ֳֺγһء
һߣҲɵüͷΪҲǿˣ޷ͻȦҪߺ־ĥ
ʵҲӡ֤˳ƷжϣǸ𽥱ƵǽǣܹķΧԽԽСˡ
Ƶ˾·֮ѡ˼һĲԣֱӽзˡ
ûκôߺ־ǹȽĺܣֱѹסķˣᣬһӽǹݵ°ʹ
ʤѷ֣
ϸߵǹԽԽȽˣһǰʵͬķȻæң
Ʒ˵ͷ˵
ɳĺܿ죡˼
ӱţ㣡ǸƽɮһֱŷһõҲǼ˵ü
ӡ
ߺ־üëһеĳǹ˲һһ˳ȥ


186 Ʒ򷨵֮
Էƺŭ˵ĸߺ־˲佫Լ˵Ϊȫչ˳ԷֶˣһǹͺҪմ̳һһ
ԷһѾ˵ĸߺ־һʱûзӦæҡ



ֱײһ
ԷǸƽɮһֳ꣬üߵƴ·ӣÿһ¶ڿ˻ơ
Աŭ״̬µĸߺ־ûжľͱѹˡ
˵ӣ
ߺ־ŭ֮£еĳǹ˲ͺ˱һϮ˳ȥ
ҲˣϸʹˣƷЦ
ƷûоƽɮһǸߺ־Ķ֡
Ȼ˫Ϊأս飬ȴǸߺ־ʤ£ǳƷͻͽߺ־ͬҲ̥ǡ
̥ǲֻ˵ΪС磬սĻۣⷽǶԷϲϵġ
˵ߺ־ܹɱԼΪѧҲţܶʱ򲢲ʵõģսͬؼ
˵ǸƽɮһѧʽУмʽĺۼôߺ־ͲͬˣҰսѧȴҪ
Ұսϣû˻㽲ʲô壬浽֮սߺ־ŪԼΪѧʲôֵ顣
˳Ʒ˼֮⣬ǶʮУʮеѧȫĿɿڴĿųǹƱһĸߺ־ÿһǹһȻǹԭ֮γɣԽԽֲ
ǶʮеѧʮеѧֻԭΪǲĸߺ־ôôֲǿ
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ÿǸƽɮһѧҪߺ־ѹƣûоֻᱻѹȥս౻ߺ־ƿ
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أƳվһԵĳƷͷӦ˹ˡ
սַǳƷóսַô
Ʒһ·ѹƵܡ
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ߺ־ЦһȻһǹǸƽɮһеüǹݵǰԻ
е⣬֮ǰӱƷһ·ѹƵģһģǾǱѹƣҪһʱ򣬾ܹôѹ
ѹƷϲôʵ̫ˬˣߺ־ٺһЦ
ƷڳԽ֮ҲͳѧϰİȻûѧϰʱˣȻ˳ƷĴ򷨡
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ǡ˵ɴ۾


187 ˶ԳƷڴ
˶ɴ۾ҲûûרҲ֪ʲôܹӰʣⲢʲô򵥵ӦƷġ
ֻǵ۹⣬ҲʲôƷ



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188 ʱǿǵʵ
ʮеĶʮǿѧɵ÷׷׳
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ڣǷ֣ƺǿչĸԶһЩǸߺ־˼궼гķӡ
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189 ĿĳƷ
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ʱѧĲٳϣ;ۼѧ
ѧѧӲѣڲٳıԵţǸѧУĴλá
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ʱڲٳ룬Ѿڷһ޴ޱȵ̨һ¸Уĸд轻֮õġ
Уѧ֮ĽʦҲڳϣֻԶԶĿţһЩͻ֮顣
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֮⣬ѧҲСŷ˵㲻УУѧѧҲǿ
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190 Ʒ³
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ʮеĴϯֻԶΪϣԱͬĴϯһȣֹʮˡ
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191 ƷʵսĿ
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ѧϯλϣһսȭͷĶųƷǸոմҽгķ档
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ƷǲŲæĳ鵶âѾҪ㵽ǰڳ֡

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ÿٶȣ
һֱϯλϣȴڹע̨ϵȽһӶ˼־
̨ϣ³ȻֻоԼĶͣˣ֪ƷöԸҲֻ֣΢סһΣȻٶȳųƷ˹



̨ϼ̾һƹƹҵǱһȫ˳
ѧһΣΪǿһԱ֮ǰҪʵĶս
³ȻĽһ˲ܹ̳Ľ⣬ǲĽж죬ĽâжôĺȴƷָ
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Ȼŷ˲ԣǿˣǳƷҲĸǿˡ
ƷǱѹˣһͷںڰ֮ǱţʱܳĹޡ
һʼܶ˻ΪƷ³Ȼ缲һĹƷ±ˡ
ûа취ˣʵϣǺܿͷ˲ԾΪƷȻڷأǷصʮ³ȻĹ޷κε
ڸʲôŪ𣿡³Ȼŭһ˵Ϊʲô֣
Ʒ΢΢̾һҪʵһֱĹھʱȫ֡
ҲûǸҪѾߵزˣ˶ء
ȻˣǾԸ
Ʒڳˣ֮ǰֻǸʱڷء
ڽˣʱĳƷµġ
һƿɽѵһкء
Ʒһʱ³Ȼ̳콣ӰʧˣΪƷĵˣĻֻܻطֵ
һһ޷ֵĿֲо

³Ȼʱ˻סһһĿֲ˲ͷ˳
⣡
³Ȼ˺üֱ۶ڲҪˡ
֮˸źȻĹâʵô
֮ǰһֱŵʵ
ƷûκͣЪһ
ҪСң
³ȻһһֻҲ˽Ȼǿлųӭնһȥ


192 Ժǵصĳ

һ޴ޱȵĽƷĵݺն䵽³ȻĽϡ
ĽɲǼ䣬д⣡
˿ȴǿֲһĻƷһֳֵֻ׾ѹ³Ȼֳֻֽ
⣡
³Ȼˣ˫۶ڲ֮еĺȻ֮ɫ޷
ƷжôĿֲֻ־ȻԷһֻѹǺεȺȻʵ
ʱ֪Ʒ֮ǰΪʲôϳˣΪ̫Զˣ
ôܣҿѧľӢѧôܻͨѧУģ³Ȼһס˽ŲٶȳųƷ
ˢ
һֲɫâֱ

³Ȼҽһֱӵ˺ܶಿ˶ѾƵĻڶը˿
һƬѪģ
ųƷһնһּֿûи³ȻκηӦĻᡣ
³Ȼֻܱܵὣֿ

ͣ
³Ȼڵȫ˿Ѫ罦˳Ȼеĳһ֮󣬵ֱӱ˳ȥֱ䵽̨ϡ
оǰһڣ͸оһƷĵ֪ʲôʱ򣬾ȻѾݵĲˡ
ˣ
³ȻĶߴ˳ƷȻ¶˼ֿЦɫ˵ǰˣû뵽ȻôǿĿǹھɣ׶ΰɣҰ㻹Ҫ϶ã
ʱ³Ȼһʱ˵ĻȻ
ʲôĿȻǹھ
ôܣĹھк֮սɣټһѧʲôҲھ
Ҳûпܰʵ̫ǿˣ
Ǹ³ȻأǿһӢ֮еľӢ˰ɣϼֱ޻֮
ѵͨѧУ֮УһҪٳһ˲ɣ˲ɵþ˵
˶ʱ۷׷ףһʼֻóƷǳ룬ܣǽϸղųƷ˵ı֣룬Ҳδûпܡ
³Ȼ˲óƷ˵ĿĽ㡣
ھȽͫ΢΢˵һʼѹû㵽гƷôһˣǴӳƷղŵıҲûʵ
һ˼ô˼ÿ궼Ǻе˱ȣʵ̫ûʲôˣԶٺһЦ˵
е١ȻҲƺǸȻ񾲵˳̧ͷ˳ƷֻǻһȻ顣
ǿߵĿ⼯䵽˳ƷϣƷûһ˿һĲӦ
³ȻмֵЦݣˣ³ȻΪǽ֮УΪʸ֮ġ
ƷںЩ飿
ֻ΢΢һЦ˵Ȼˣôڣûô
ڣûô
仰Ʒʮеѧǰڣ˵ǰ𣬶ʱЩѧȻ󲨡
Ϊͷһ˵棬Ҫڵˣ
֮ǰΪ˿õǿҲô˵ǰҪڣ
˵Ǽĳ
Ǹ˵ŷҲĿɿڴĿųƷ
ԭΪƷֻǺںţһ˶ѣڿƷǺںžˡ
Ǵģ
ڸĿɿڴĿųƷһֱƷУֻҪѧУ׵ʱѾ׼˹ھˡ
һθоʲôиֵĲˡ
ŷ֮Ȼ࣬ܵ˵һġ
ͳƷ֮ĸֱ֣ˡ
쵰ǿûˣ
ҲĳȻھ
ҿǲ֪ߵغˣ
ھľ֮УУѧѧһӱŭˣ׷ŭ˵
ݲгƷͨѧУѧս
ȻͨѧУ֮Уѧ˵عҲȾָھǻеıĿ
ѧΪ˼ȥҲ֪˶ʱűϿɡ
ʱϯ̨ϣǸִֻǷһ۾ųƷķ֮˸žâʲôֻ֪֮ǼΪΣյζ
ڳϣ˷ĸֳƷֻǵһЦȻ˵ô˶˵УҶ˵ˣǾɣھһûʵᣬ⿿˵ûõģѵʲô̺ôһжҪʵ˵ǵĳЦҲ̫һЩʧˣЦңҲü
ƷĻΧ˶ʱǱҭסһ漴Ӧ֮һǵصĳ


193 Ʒɣʧ
ԸָǵضĳƷû˿ݣֻʩʩȻĻصԼλ
Ȼ͸оĿʱʱľͣһͨѧУϯݣȻھⱾһںܶ˿治顣
ЩѧУѧﻹԼĽŵġ
ÿطÿط͹
ǿȦУѧУռͳν׼ⱾȻ飬һͨѧУѧȾָǵĽ̬Ȼ˲ܲǵķ
ƷԴ˵һȻ飬ʮеѧҲ˲ϬĿ⡣
ԴˣʮеѧҲǺķɻȥںò׳һܹüͬѧôʾ
ǸУľӢ˭İ᲻˭أ
ҪȾָھҿ̫ˣƷɸսأһеѧֱ̨ȻָųƷ˵
ƷƳһۣᣬ˵ҪָھһȻð
ߵŷһ۳Ʒ֮Ȼü˳ȥ
ɣŷ̨˵
ŷ㲻Ҫ£ҳƷģǸѧ˵
ŷɫе㲻ÿʲôʱѾ䵽Сආˣ
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Ǻε˵飡
ҪҳƷȻ˵ɣҶܵĻʲôʸҳƷ鷳ŷʱѾˣƷȷʵǿ
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ƵУͬʮǿѧ˵Ҫǿһ֡
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ŷʵͺǿУ֮УҲ׵ɱǰʮУͬһصʵȫչ
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գŷƾǿʵʮ֮󣬾ͻ˶Է
ʱЩУľӢڶŷ
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֮ǰŷҰ˳ƷϣҲΪŷͽˣȻôһĳƷϡ
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ŷսѧѧҲкеľӢѧǸУ֮λǰʮǿڡ
Ҳ˿ʮеĴϯһֱľһ˿֮ǿŻصλϡ
սҲ޻˵ΪŷЩǿĶ֣սʤսƽܡ
һͨѧУľӢѧ˵ıֲνá
Ҳѹʮеʦеϣˡ
ŷ³֮Ѿ಻סУʮǿѧֱɱ˳ϣҪٶƷս
Уǰ壬ǰǿĴڡ
Ʒ޶ԣһΣ³Ǿ˼ꡣ
˼ӵĳѸײڶ֮ƻһѧصѧ

⡭ôôǿ
ʮôôǿǸƷҲˣŷҲǰǿƣðһϯȻܹѸײڶ֮ƻѧʮǿŷҪǿ
ǸоԼѾʶʮˣ֮ǰݵľ籾ȫȫĲһ
ֹǣʮеѧԼҲͬȫŵģ
⻹ʮеѧǣ
ڣȻ൱ս˵һƷδˡ
ӽ꽻ʮзǵǵףһܹһɳ죬Σν׶Ρ
Ƕ𾪵ʱ˼ڳдɱķ漣ȴûֹͣڼɨ
һ


ĸ
˼һɨصѧν죬ЩУľӢ˿Ҳò˼ǿ󣬲¶˼־顣
Ǿ龴壬Уϣһ˴䷲ˣҴս֮ͨտֻǸַɡ
ۿ˼ҪɨЩУľӢԶϯ̨ѧ쵼ɫҪ˵ʱ
ѧϯȽ³ˣѸײڶ֮ƽѾ˼޵˼ܣһȭ˳ȥ
ȻȽŽĿ⣬¶׼˳Ʒ
Ʒ㲻˵ھҪһôǾɣʧǧһ


194 θСˣ
ȽĻ˲ȫ
ڿʼˣھ֮ǰľӢȻһͨѧУ˺ɨֱˣ
ʮôˣ
ʵҲҪѭ͹۹ɣ˵һһʮܹṩԴѧôȣ˫ĲֻԽԽ󣡡
ѧԴ˶ǳϿɣɸһʼľ࣬ܵĽͬҲǽȻͬ
ҲΪʲôƴҪʮУԭ
һصѧУֻǲһĲ࣬ԾͬѧУһӵˡ
ѧ䲻ͬѧģҪڿ͹Դȱ
ȽϳҪսЩͨѧӢˣͨѧվֻͨѧѣܹѾʮ˲ˣѧѧ˵
ǸѧУһΪѧôϯ̨ϣǸִ΢΢һЦʵ
ûǾǾĺӣģУеžӢȣҲ˿ѷɫʱǸѧ̷У˵Ҳڵģ
ôҾĿԴˣѧǽһᶼǱܷ־ͷֵ̬ȣǾеĽԴԶ˵վǲϲ٣ѧסߣЩ˵ҲһӰִ̾һ˵
ִ˵ǣЩʷ⣬ҪһһȥڽԴѾǰƽˣѧĽοڵ
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ƷͣһҪӮ
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֮ǰһ˷棬һֻ־ѹ³ȻȻҲͣɣҲͣҵҪܲʤңȽ
̫˰ɣⲻǱƷҪԼƺôߺ־˵
ҲܿȽǱ̨ʣȽﵵģ书·Ѿˡ
ǳƷȴͬõɲֻô򵥡
Ƚ̶̼仰ҪסƷһַӣġ
԰꣬ûʲôֵģȶֲǹֻƴʵĻֻҪȽһʵ粻ͺˣα³ʱ˼꿪˵ңΪԳԶһУȻδأ
Ҳǣ
ߺ־ʲôˡ
ʱڳУƷҲתһ룬ȽǱ̨ʣұôǲúֵģͿʼ֮ǰһθҲ
θСˣÿ
ȽһȳȽһ˵
ȽĶּֿͬʱ˳ϣֱ˺˿ųƷ¡
һﵽɽӣ
һɲǼ䣬Ʒ͸ˣһâ˸ӭһﵶϡ

һ޴ĺײȻͷһ˿µˡ


195 ʤѶ
ڳྫӢѧ׷׵ɴ۾ոս־ֲƻȻˣ˫ڱϵ໥֮ɢȥγɵĿˡ
˫ǵֳǿȴֳһ
ܽӵһﵣǿһ㣡
ȽЦһ˻ڳڸղŵײʱѾٶɱ˳Ʒǰеĳﵱ˾޴
ǳﵽ򱬵
˲䣬Ƚͺﵣÿһﵶƴһɽһʮֿ¡
ˣɢֻԶԶţܹожôĺˡ
֮ǰսȣȽѾ漰һЩı仯һֻеŻ漰ķΧ
ȽѾֻһ벽֮ңˡ
ģȽôôֲ
ߺ־Ƿӿˣ͸оֱֲĴƬҪš
ڳ˶ɴ۾ųУͿƷôӦԡ
أ
һײƷᵶסﵣӰսҲڲϵĲǱƷƺһסе𶯶ס
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㲻Ҳֻһֻ֣
Ʒ˵ʵҲҪһЩóȫɣ̶ֳֻȣذɣ
Դ󣡡
Ƚһһ˲䣬ȻѾ˳ƷǰеĳﵺݺݳųƷ
ҷ㵽ףƷ˵еĳֱӺɨ볤ײһ
أ
أ
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һ޴ĺڰвϵײ໥ײ˵ˣΪģ˷չȥ
Ǿ̨һξĸѧϯλϵѧܵ˴ϣޱ𾪡
̨ϣģϳֵˡ
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ڳĺܶ˶ǸУ֮еľӢҪôĶһ㶼˷ò˼ͻһա
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ƷֻǿȽ˵ȴʧˣԶǿĳ̶ֻô
ȽЦһ˵ûС˶ԷԷСԼ
ȷʵܴҲòϣһҪһ㣬ֿ߽ɲֻбƴȽԶ١Ȼʱ򣬲ϵģԸ㣬ҲԿ
Ƚ΢΢һЦϵȫͷ˳ʱµӿ
أѧһӦ˹ųеȽ𺳵˵
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ǿڵĳƷܹǿ֮һȽѷָ£ҲֻбֳصΪѡ
ȽǽһֳΪˣ
һֱŲȻҪԸԶ١ȻΪѹ׵ĵơ
ȻûսʤѶˣƷܻܱ绹һȽѧѾ˵
еϯλϣԶһĻûоʲôȣֻ˵ôҪⳡսôû˼ƷܹȽĵƱƳҲǲˣ


196 ó
˶ãȽʩչصʵ֮һо͸ó䶨ˡ
ڣϾҲֻдͳУʸȥƷܹɱһѾǼˡ
أѧɫѧĶడִ΢΢һЦ˵ѧԽԽˣѧǶеصҲأ
⵹ǣһѧԵúãĺãǸǿˣ̷УЦ˵
ǶΪսѾô˶ΪƷѾ䶨ˣΨʣˣһǸߺ־һ˼ꡣ
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ƷȻһ̤ϵϢҲɲǼͷ˳ǻһ˲ɢ˳ȥǿ˺ܶȽȻҲ˿

ͳﵵݺײһǿµֱϯ˲仯˵ȥ
ƽɫôܣ˶ɴ۾ƺأһ
ΪȽȫһ浹սʵϣȴƽɫľ档
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ڳУȽĶҲ΢΢һͣΪûȡԤȫƣ෴ģԼĹȻƷȫˡ
óȫʵ֮ȻܹסңӦԺˣ
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ȽһȻһɽһѹ˹ȥ
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ϯλ֮ϣ˵ɫˣΨ١Ȼһž޲ӣֻ֮ȴ֮ǰصĶˡ
ԺľɣҾⷽеţƷɵȻ֮ȴż֮ǰйϡ
նɽ
Ʒĵֲͬĺɫͬӭųﵾնȥ

һ޴ĺҲ֪ǶٴΣٶײһ
ˣ
ֲݺݵк˳˿ŶҪõ˫ͷ˳
ҿΪʲôȽܹӵ̶ֳȵˣǸƷƾʲôֻضѣӦúȽԵĲŶԣŵĿųƷھȻûһǰþļ
ǻָٶȣƷԶԶѰ˵
һѣǵڶ
˻һײУûзӦʱ򣬳Ʒ˵һɫĵâϯ˿ȻȽն

һһοֲײЩӢѧǣȴһ飬֮Ҳ
̨ϽȨѾȽתƵ˳Ʒϡ

ƷɲǼ䣬ٶ𣬰һһɫĵӰնȥ

һ֮ԭƳ죬ֵļΪµȽȻʼƣʼˣڳƷһһ֮±ˡ
ĵ
嵶


һʵȽֱӱƵ̨Ե


197 ˵ķӦ
ȵ˴ӳƷǷ·ħһ֮зӦʱȴȽȻѾƵ±ˡ
ǺεȺ˵ĳ
⻹ѧѧѧ콫Ƚ޵еһǴδܹȽ˵ܹǵǰܡ
żô˻е١ȻеԶ˶һĿԣǴκһǶ˵ܻǳƷ
Ǹܵ飡
һˣô붼û뵽
Ȼʵȴǵǰ޵еȽܱͬ˻ܵȽȴѾƵ̨ϡ
ƷÿһնǰһŲǰһȽһһֱˣһֱˣһֱ˵̨ϡ
ȽʱҲҲû֮ǰִˣңһѪƷϵնѾ˵
ƵĻڴѾѿˣڸղųƷһֻѹ³ȻʱǺεƣֻһΣȴȽ
ôܣҾȻᱻƵز
Ƚ޷ŵŭͬʱȫѾݵһȻ˫סﵣֱӳųƷȥ
ܴ֪ѾһλˣиĻˡ
ѾƷƵ̨ϵһĻֻ¸ûκʤ㣬ͻᱻֱӱƵˤ̨·
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һͭɫﵱһ˳ȥȽҲһɷ֮Ƶ˲䵹˳ȥݺ䵽˵ϡ
ͻȻֵյľɫһͷѣ֮󣬾Ȼ졣
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ǸƷʲôѧʦɵʵ
һֱڣƺҪƷĳ嶯
֮ǰǾøûбҪһעҪʧܵĶֶѣʲô֪ıҪء
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198 ˭
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죡
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Զķ컭һͱ˿ֲ渲ŵԶԶ۶ܹõ
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Զ˫ֳꪣڼס˳֮Ȼ˲һ䣬ޱȵĹƣֱӳųƷֱ˹
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һײԶֻоеķ컭ꪶһղסˣ˳ȥɵ̨֮ˣƶһը˿
ǰֻǰһȴһӰ֪ʲôʱѾɱǰ
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ԶһȻĴȻһӳŶԷ˹ȥûз컭ֿ֣ȭʮֵĿֲ
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ƷһһȭֱӴ͸һȭԶϡ
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199 µٶȶƴ
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սһӾͽ˸߰˰ˡ
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200 ѧĿֲ
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Ļ˵ս֪Ҫϵʲôʱˡ
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죡
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ҼǵþǺܼ򵥵Ŀ絶ɣϣôôǿأոջԶͿ˳Ʒʩչһ׵ʱʧɫ


201 УĹھ
һ׵ǿ絶Ǻİ֮УҲвưѧѡ˿絶Ƕ˵ҲֻǻѣܹĶȥأ
ǳƷıȴȫ߸Լ֮ǰĿȻֻΪ򵥣ΪĵڳƷȫӳ˳Ŀֲ
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202 ֮
仰֮ǰѹҲû˭ķϣյĽȴȫӡ֤˳Ʒ֮ǰǿƿĴ󻰣
յõ˹ھˣУ֮еκһˣԭĳƷ
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ΪֱȹüˣȻоʲôԣҲֻˡ
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203 У
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˴һֱȵ˰ʱ䣬ҲӦó˽ˡ
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204 У˺
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205 Уҹ
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֪ӵıֺܺãȫУˣҲûӾȻܹڸУ϶ˡ
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206 ѧڣĿ
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˭ǹھ˭ĿĽ㣡
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ֶһЩ֮󣬳ƷͱѦסˡ
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йϵôƷʵ
ȻйϵΪĹϵǾ˳ϣץһ̳Աھеĸ˶ɱ֮ھеֻһˣֿսһĲҪһҵ˳Ҫһ֮ǰ˵ĴԲεж˵ûйϵѦЦ˵
Ʒɵ÷һһа˵òã
еǳƷҲкһϵе飬˵ĺûгƷ̾ͻѭ浸أʵʵĴŲһ
ȻҲ֪㵽ǴĶõϢϢӦǻܰɣôˣƷʵ
ȻôˣҲǾ˼ǵģѦ˵
ҸҵʵֻҲǶְɣƷ˵
ӲƴҲܣ˵ɣǻѧ̵ԵףϣܹڼѵӪע⣬Ϊܶ飬Ҳ֣Ҳ´ݾߣѦ˵
ǣ֮⣬б˿Ʒ
ȻôҪ飬ȻֻһѦȻ˵
ŵ㣬пɵĻϵңѦ˵֪ҲˣȻ֪ˣһΣͲ׵óѣȻҪǸ㹻Ĵۣ
Ѧ˵ţֺ֮ɫ
ˣʲô飬ǵõʱ֪ͨңһҪȥԺټɣѦ
Ѧ˳ƷҪ֮ȥ
ƷѦĻ˾ӣһεļѵӪֻ²ô򵥡
̺;иԵĴ㣬϶ҪڼѵӪݺݽһˡ
Ŀǰʵ˵̻Ǿ˵ȻȻмҪСġ
ѾѡΪõ飬ע̺ܺƽοҪ߸鱾ǳƷ޷̵ġ
ȻûеѡǾñĸһЩɣ


209 ʲôлǮˮǣ
ѦĵƷ˹̵Ϣԣһεļѵ̲׷Źᣡ
Ʒܹоɽ¥ƣһжûѦ˵ô򵥣
ܹô궼Ծڵ£ûб𣬱Ѿǳ˵ˡ
ô¶ɲȥ̶Գ滢飬ҲʳѰ
һεļѵӪҲֻʣ˰µʱˡ
ʱҪеǽˣ֮ǿһˡ
֪ҲѾߵһ
ҪһԼʵ
񣬳ƷѾǿˣҪҲֻʱˡ
ΪˣҪǰΪ׼
˵ڹ׳Ļôоڲᴿʹܹ֮ʹֵָĸԴ
ܸ󣬱仯Ӷ߱ڣɽӣ¡
ܹһȥ
Ҳ˵Ҫʣ
һԵķֽߣ
ڵʵļ֮УһֵҩΪΪ߶׼ġ
ϿޣƷʮİգһͻƵ
ĵҩֵҩ۸ɲƣ㲻ϳƷԼ˹ãҲúķܹƳһö
Щȱݵģܱ֤֮һܹͻƣеҪúüöܹͻƣǼˣϵļ۸ǾӸ߲¡
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ھͻ֮ҲԼᴿԼһֱǹӦֵĺܡ
ƷһʮöϻǧǮһηβʬã˸ĸǧǧԼٸóһЩϰõĵҩؼ֮⣬ĸԼҲõϡ
ԼϻʣǧʮöҲǧѣʣǧ
֮⣬Ʒ£Ҳպܹõõװ
Ҳжõõװܻӭ
һ£´ͼʮ򣬿ʼǱȽϵ͵ģεĸ»϶ͨķʽء
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˵ڴѧרŵң֮пӱѵ
ֻһ˵ģ̺ĿƼߣԼ۸ҲǼߡ
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Ʒһ£ͷҲֻʣǧ򣬸պֻһͨ͵ĸ¡
ҲǴعƷĸ£ֻǵһҲֻаңԴ·棬
ܹɵ֮⣬кܺõķЧǹʱǹе򲻴
ھʱشһӵ÷һֻǲܸȫֻڼס
ȻָҲô
Ʒһ£ɵ0.13ɵڡ
õĸ£۸ڵĶУָ¿Եڵʮϵרѵˡ
һϣƷֽԼǮ˸⣬ֻʣ˲ӡ
һʼʱôǮˮƷԼŶ̶ۣʱ䣬ͻ˿ڣѾľˡ
ԭǮ˶ôǮģ
쿴ţЩ˶һĳʲôأǲǻǮˮ
ڶ츺¾ѾˣճƷҪͨ嶼Ǻɫģܿʹϡ
ƷֱӴһʼոմ˿أʱ͸о綼ˣ˵һ嶼˵ĸоܲϰߣҪΪ¾һ¾ܹȥˡ
Ʒһ£һ׿絶ʩչ˾Ǵˮ̳һȫˮʪˡ
ȻֻһʵϣƷܹоʲô飬Ҫķѱƽʱ༸ĵǳɼαģֻǶһô򵥡
ЧֱͼӰһͱĸɾˣƽʱҪķʱܴﵽЧ¾ʹﵽˡ
ľ֮Ըоٻָʱ
̫ˣ


210 ʮ죬أ
ȵڴ˻ָƷԸо˿Ը֪Ľָȷʵá
ѹ歽ô죬øĶϸֵҩͣʦ̵Ľ̵ֻҪʲͻͽ˵ʲˣƷ⣬Ȼֻ฻֮еһ㲻֡
֪ĲȨĺ֮ͨ䣬жˡ
ڸµ֮󲻾ãƷЩҩҲˡ
Ʒֱ˰ᵽ֮е֮ˣͺܴȻҲǷǳ
ȵЩҩĶȥ֮󣬳ƷͿʼˡ
¯ҩģƷĵȴŵҩĳ¯һֱСʱ֮󣬵ҩڳ¯
һöȻɫĵҩ¯ˣ֮Ũҩ㡣
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һתۣѧڿѧҲѾȥʮʱˣʮ֮УУڳƷҲңƷֱӳ顣
ȴǻһʱϣĳԽԽԽԽ֪˳ƷͬʱҲ֪ʮеĴڡ
ǸʮдһѵĹ档
ƷҲûжˣѧУȻһ㶼
ԽԽ࣬ƷѧУڵҲڲϵڳƷӰȴΪУȥųƷ
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ԶĳɺܿŶģɵ۵ҡҡͷȻȴûа취ΪǶ֪µˣ棬˶ﲻæ
ǹ죬ҰһΪµļѵӪȻģʱӶʵǿһ֣ʱҰսҲలȫһ֡
Ҳֻܿһ֮ȥϢˣЩһֱˣҲѾϰСеıլˡ
꣬꣡
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æʼת˻ʼʼصϡ
һʼֻܹһ㣬ΪûлָһȦһȦתԽԽҲԽԽԭСϪһȻƳһʼϳصϡ
ص⼸֮бѾ½ϵĳ˺öΣѷ죬ڸԴԴϵĳ
ƷҲ֪ȥ˶ãѾûʱĸֻԴԴϵĳصͷ֧ûֱ˯ȥԺ֮еһöҲڲɢһžԵ侲
й֮ⶼԺ֮УȻһ̨һϵļţ׵ԽԽࡣ
ƷܹҲԽԽ࣬ڣָ۷ʱһйصϡ
䣡
ƷʱֻоʲôѵˣԭһֱԼתĵطҲһͨˣǴͨٻܾõĺӵһ
ԴԴϵţÿһ־׳һֱ֣ӳصķֽߣ
ڵˣأ


211 죬
ͻƵأƷоԼ֮Уصһһͷ˳
ͻƵıȽϼѣΪ·Ѱߣصʱ򣬾ѾܹˣҪͻƣȻȱѡ
Ϊһͻƣǿһصս
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ƷϵЦֻάһ¶ѣսˣҲֻﵽȥμѧ˵ĵ߶ѡ
ÿѧյˣÿȥμѧ˵ѡʮУÿյѧ
Ҳζţֲεѧ̫̫ˡ
Ȼµʱ䣬Ǹʱһֻȫͬ
ͻȻڴǸѵӪˣƼиѧš
ЩѾˣֵеЩˡ
ǲţ֮ǰΪϴѧ񣬾ȻѾܼƻŵЩǰ붼
뵽˶ƣǰѾڸûжǿԲֻһ
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һ·֮óѾˣ緹ҲѾˡ
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һƽ忴ţһ߳ԷƷˣɵÿ˵ãЩγʵ϶ǰˣǺ˱ҵΪ̫ˣ
̾˿ܿͻ˵Ҳһ̰ˡ
ⲻͬѧϰǶʱֲܹϵġ
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Ʒ˺⣬ȷʵ֮ţκļڿȫͷųˡ
Сܶ鶼ü
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磬ˣֲҪУԼҪСĵ㣬ϲѵӪҲǵһΰˣʵаƵļѵ˵ӻᾡ֤ȫܻ©ģһ˵ȻСΪСͬҪµĶˡ
İɣҵʵû˭ҵ鷳أ
Ʒ
ʱ䣬Ҳǰװ׶ɹģµʱ䣬Ѿϰ˴߸µϴʱ򣬻϶
һʼܲӦһʵʮɶӲ
Ȼ޷ӳӦеһصսػܹ֤Ѿ㹻ܶˡ
ڳ緹֮󣬻ս֮󣬺͸ĸø֮󣬳Ʒ뿪˼ңѧУ
һģѧУ֮УѾУǺܶҲ֪һѧУĶʮǿҪȥμһѵȻǶ֪弯ѵʲô
ǺȻҲ֪һθУӢѧ֮ײֻһΣΧС
ǰײûʲôϵֻҪ׾Ϳˡ
Ȼӿֳһ֮˶һεļѵͶ˸֮ǰžӢĳƷ͸˼
ƷʱʮǿѾˣµʱ䣬Ҳû׹϶
ձ鶼ѾأǸߺ־ģѾ۷ˣֻһܹͻơ
ڸ죬Ѿ׷˰ǰĳƷˣأŷҲѾ۷͸ߺ־һҲֻһܹˡ
óƷо𾪵Ļ˼꣬ʱûͻƣȻѾͻƵˣǳ׵׳ԽԭȫУһŷ


212 ;
˼֮ǰƼ¼飬ҲͲˣ˼ָߵף˵ѧУʦҲǱġ
ֻʼе̫ˣԴʱ䶼׷˵Ľȣδ¶Լķâ
ֻǳƷͻƵĸţȻĻѧУĿţһ˼ꡣ
ڣʵϣ˼ҲʮУʵˡ
ڸʼʱ˼껹ŷüС磬ŷҲС£һѧھȫ׷ƽˣٶƽʱŲۣһϸһ㣬˵ġ
ȻƷǾ͸ˣͲֻǲŷСˣһѧǰŷһ󾳽磬ڲȫ׷ƽŷһС硣
ѧڵз̫ˡ
Ʒֿ˿ŷùֵֹģֻŷڻûӦ˼ѾԽ˰ɡ
ϾֵĻҲֻгƷֶϢеܹһЩˡ
ŷƷֵֹһֻоƷ֮һ
Ҳûü˵ϼ仰УԹˣ˸˲ٳϡ
һһͣ
һʿڵȴˣ˴˷ɻ
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Ҳ⣬Ϊ֪Щ˲еľӢδĶ֮ţ̶ֳȶﲻôδ᧿Σ
һҪ˵ˣռѵӪĹأǲᱻֱ͵ѵӪȥǻᱻ͵뼯ѵӪŻʣʮҵλãȻ󱻷ȥʣµľҪԼǰҪֿǰ
೤ĻҲ΢΢ѧЩȻȻֻʮ˵ǺԶԶеҰս
˵ͷһΣ
˳ƷںڼѾԶй˶ûƵľ
ƷǾһΪ֪һεļѵӪʵʱѾʼˣǷҪ˼ѵӪſʼ
ԤҪĶࡣ
ô·ҪʲôΣոô죿һѧɵʵ
ʮѵƽʱҲѵ±ģԸᶨڶ޽Χˣһ˵ǲʲô̫ǿ޵ģλ˵ĥֲסԺȣһ»·ĻΪԶ˳μѵ೤䵭˵ûļֵλδľӢͶ֮ţѶûа취˷Ļ룬ҲûбҪˣ
λѧʱоһɲпĸо೤Ļ
ǻӵкܸߵ֣޷Ϊ˲ţȻᱻ̭顣
ܿ죬͵˵һ·ŵĵص㣬ɻɵ֮󣬾ѧǣͨȥ
ѧǸսףҲûʲôɵĵġ
һֱʮһ֮󣬾ֵ˳Ʒˡ
ʱ˼͸ߺ־ûȥƷ¶һǰĵЦݣȻͨɻϴֱֱӻϰ׵ľ룬һѾһƬӲС
֮󣬳Ʒ鿴һܣһƬɭ֣֮⣬϶һƬԭӲݴ
ЩӲݻ϶Ҫ˸ˣƷʱֵطΪΣյġ
ΪЩӲݻϸߣһʲôӲݴ֮У˵ǷʤɭﻹҪΣա
Ʒϵĸ˹ԣͨʮѵصĵͼƷ鿴һ·򣬲ɵ̾һĵôһƬԭˡ
ʮѵؾһƬԭһߡ
Ʒ˾ӰսǰЩïܵӲݸնϣնһ·
ȻЩӲҲչ죬ִָ󣬻ܼӲȻסӰս
ڳƷ˵Ҳһĥֻʮ幫ľ룬ԶȴѾ㹻һɱĥˡ
ҲҪģҲ̷ҩʼ֮УҲ̷ҩɳʵ˫Ĳ𣬾
̷ܹͨµĵҩתԼʵʳԵҩѻʵȴ޷ܲı硣
أʱ򣬲ݴ֮һӲݵĻζأһ޴ޱȵκӰֱӷ
Ʒ׼æ֮ſǸˣһͷܡ


213 նɱצ
һͷܣʱ׶ңȳƷҪ߳һͷ޴ֱӳųƷɱ˹ֻоһɶ
ƷŲæ̤ɾű䣬ͱܿһͷܣûҰĥĳƷʱѾֽš
ѾϳһͷܵһͷΪצܣޣǰֲķǳ㣬ʵҲвͬһĶΪǿĶ۷Ϊк켶צܵĴڡ
Ȼǵʮѵظǿ޶˵ɱʣµĶǲвʮѵصޡ
ˣҲǶѵ˵һѧ˵һͷצܣѾǳֲˡ
ûд֧ԮһͷצȷʵֲܿһͷצҪƷôˡ
һ˿֮һͷצܲûзٶɱ˹
죡
죡
죡
һͷצܿŷǳأǱϮٶȴǿһ硣
˶Ϊ̫ˣצܸץˣôǲˡ
Ʒȴֱ̤ͬɾűĲͶ˹ȥһնĵֱնצܵϡ
𣡡
צܵıϾͱնһѪۣǳ౳򹷣ƷһܽնΣצܿɲͬ
ޣȫ£ǷӦٶȣǿȣȻͬ
ʹһͷצܵٶȸˣֱӷ˹Ʒɻ̤ɾűĲ㿪նһһĵâܿ죬һͷצܵϾͱ鲼˿ڣЩ˿ȻЩĿԿͷȻȴˡ
һͷצԶԶ֮ǰĻҪǿ
꣬꣡
ƷĺѾʼϻŸ£ǿһǵڣɻûйرװõĴ㡣
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һͷצԶеѲһͷצܲʱÿһÿһ룬ܷɣһСľͿܱץ
ΪˣⳡսǾ˫ģĥԼһֻƾڿصΪֻѾˡ
һͷצٶȻԶʱĳƷ֮ϣƷѡ񲻶ࡣ
ĥҲˣӼȥˣһҪޣô鷳ˣ
Ʒ֮ɫһͷצһȻһһųƷɱ˹

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ɲǼ䣬Ʒݵ˼£·´ƶһ۵ϡ
һ˲䣬Ʒһ֣ҵĸо
һȥܹնһУ
һͷצҲǵУͬųƷɱ˹ҪɱǰצצȻһ˳ȻʮѵƬһһͷצܵﵣֻһֱûó
һͷצҲԶҪĶˡ
ǧһʱ̣ƷٶȽ־侲״̬ɲǼ䣬еһжƿ֮С
ͣ
һڵĵâֱնצ֮ܵУȻ˳ֱӴצܵĴ֮С
𣡡צţֱӽƷ˦˳ȥ
Ʒڰзһ֮ڵصĲȳ˽ӡ
ƷоԼ챻ˣһ£ֲ̫ˡ
ӵͻƸˡ
Ʒһ£ղצ絶Ƭһצץϣսױһ¾͹ץϡˡ
еľӰսҲˣһͷצܵ۾һͷצԽӰսԽУ˿ԽԽѪԽ
ڣ˺һһͷצˣԶӰսնˣٱ뺷ޣԱնУһһ֡
Ʒ΢΢һָһЩ֮󣬾ߵצܵϣӰս˳ȵѪպԽɾ֮󣬾Ͳ˵֮С
ٽһͷצܴص˽ɽͼУȻצֻܵޣر֮ǰȻҲǼֵʮء
ǰҲ˲ֻƾצܵʬױ޿ʳɾˣнɽͼһжĶˡ
ڽɽͼ֮дȻָ֮󣬾ٶȳ˽ɽͼʮѵؽ


214 ӵĵڶ
ƷµĵطǸʮѵأҲʮ幫ңʵϣʱѾǵڶˡ
ƷҲżΪҲû˵ǵʲôʱϵ棬ʱ䡣
ƷҲᵽ˼ѵӪôε޺壬ǾҰĥʮķΧ˵ԶԶ˵ԶʵҲԶʱȣ޶ȵı֤ȫ
ż
һ·˲ٵޣǵǹƥģҲ
ÿһսƷԽ߾ȫ֣ΪսͿԻصɽͼĿռ֮лָԼ
һʼƷնɱ޶ᱻɽͼ֮Уܿ죬ɽͼͱˣֻѡЩ޸ӳȥֻޡ
һһҹսͣƷоԼѾܹӦڸһµսˡ
ԶԶģʮѵصĳǽѾˣȻ˵ѵأǿȥֱһС͵ĳǱһ
ҲûӲݣƽʵأһ·˳ƷĶǰ
Ҫͨ·ǰѵصһŵʱȴ֣·Ѿ˶סˣȴһԲս׵ľ˶ס˵ĵ·
ʱ򣬸ո˿ɲֻгƷ
ƾʲôסǵ·һѧߵ˵һһҹĲɱ˶ƣˣʱۿѵؾǰˣȻסˡ
Ǹ˿ЩѧЦһ˵ΪʲôطǹҼҵ԰ô˵ǿɶǸ֮еٮٮߺ;Ӣôĺûô
ʱǸ˿˹ĳƷȻ󿪿˵ȻˣҾһ飬ûбģֻҪмһܹҴȦлˣôǾͿԹȥˣûĻǾٵһɣطƹȥΪطҲ˰֣
Ʒʱˣ˼ѵӪǵڶˣЩѧһ򵥣ѧУľӢ֮ӣǿɲù
˵ҲǾõֶΣϱ취İжˣݺźù
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ϾӶ£Щ˲ŵ˼ǷǳǿҵģκһŶЩź;ӢĶ
Ǿַսһߵľ͸ˣǾжУʲôȥ赲޵ķˡ
Ȼÿ궼Ѫ֮ǰ̵Ľ¯УȻھ˵ԶԶ

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ѹ԰ֻҪЩѧ˳ǸȦͿˡ
ƷɨһۣЩѧһʶҲЩѧϲȫأ˵һʮҲ˵һѧǧˣôܸʶ
ֱ̫һѧŭˣȻһս㣡
ѧȻӱһõҲһü
ˢ
ѧȥһüͬǻĻ磬ߵǸ͵·ӡ
ʱǸ˵ıҲˣһ־ʽսȻȲϾӰսҲ֮ǰѧУַսҪõĶˡ



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仰׽ЩڼΪ֮ӵѧǸŭˡ

ʱһѧ˳᳤ֱӳնȥ
ʵղǸѧҪһÿһ磬ٶһȷʵʮ־ˡ
ܿͷ֣жٶȣ첻Ǹ˵ĵȻǸ˲Կĵ·ʵעѧǿ
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215 ճ
һս֮һ᳤ǹѧսţǸΧȥҲ˲гսˡ
һͨǾͿҪٶһ죬ǿɶˣҲ˵̬ȳ׼ŭǡ
еĽԲκۣ
ƷԱ߿ţҲûмս
ЩѧǸѧУеľӢǸвڸߺ־ʵʵǿŷʵ
Щ˳Ʒ֮ǰû˵Ի̫ˡ
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Ȼ˵УʮǿļѵӪǳƷܹоõֻûô򵥣Ӧ˵ҪЩġ
ͨĸУʮǿҲѰصѧĳ̶ȣһѧУǿҲʮУĳ̶ȡ
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ѧÿܹ϶ѧʵǹؼڡ
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ЩѧһɫͨȴûһΧȥģֻΪˣ
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216 
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ǸԭмֵɵûнƷڳƷһ֮ͷˣˣһв

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Ǹ΢΢һЦʱһûгɹ֮󣬳ƷһٶһһɲǼ䣬춼ǵӰһ



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217 ᳤֮
Ǹ˴ʱע⵽ԼѾƵȦˣûо㵣ֻĿһ۳Ʒ
ҾȻˣҳС㣬ǿ󲻽似Ҫǣ˼ȷʵղеĳ֣ΪҾѾǿ֮ĩˣΪľһаɣȷʵסģ˴Ĵָ˵͵ʱ򣬿ûôסһΧ˽ƻĺһ
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Ʒָһ֮ҲǸ˸ǣ˵ʮѵء
Ǹ˿ųƷȥӰֵĲϧˣȴҪһЩ
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׷֮Ум䷿䣬ÿһ䣬һΪһס
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218 һ
俴ųƷҲΪ֪ʱ˵ʲôûãȭͷĲӲ
֮ǰȺ˷Ʒͻƹ㣬᳤ܹ
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˲Ƕȥסôƹ˵
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뵱᳤ˣֻӵĳ̶ȣսУƷй򿪿˵ʮֵա
Ȼ˴ʵҲɲܱȵġ
򳿶ʱգҲ˸ղŷƷͻƹĻû뵽ǰò˵ļһȻһĵһ
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ȴһֱֻ̤ؿϣѹȥ
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219 ʲôаǰ
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ȴȫ֮ǰԼŰ裬ǿġ
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ˣˣһطˣıҵķ䣿Ʒʵ
᳤ıǼģƷָһ˵
᳤᳤ҲûȤʲô᳤һʱѣ⻹٣бҪôƷмһ˵˵ҴΪ뵱᳤ֻǲиҵͷϣ
򳿶ݺݵĿųƷΪƶȵ˾ڱƷĲ˵ϣ˵ֱ衣
ԼҪĶԷмһˣֱӾӵˣ˭Ҫ˭Ҫ
ƷصԼķһЩɽͼ֮˳֮³
һֻʣ˷Ʒͻ־ˡ
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ˣҲû˰ɣ֮ǰװôƣȴˣ
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ⲻɵøУÿһǿ߶ǰ°顣
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Ʒ˵Ŀǰû˵ҪȥʲôҪҪԼҰսʮѵأԵõܴĥ˵ڣܶ޶һʳˣʱкܶγС͵޳ѵأǸʱ򣬾Ǵֵʱ򣡡
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220 ߹
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221 ׵
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Ҫ֪ܶ쾳ѧҲֻǷƷѡ
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222 ûǱûʲôɵĵģ
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223 أأ
Ȼ֣ҲƷ̬ȸŭˣƷ֣ҲûʲôøУǿóƷܷС
ֶ֣ܵҲ̸Ϲ󣬽ֵķз۱ȳƷͷ
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򳿱һ漴ԶݺݵĶס˳Ʒ֮ǰƷݺ˦ƣֱجΡ
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224 ͻ
˼꿴ųƷ֮ޱȵκͼᶨ
ߺ־Ҳ侲ˣеգͳƷôõֵܣȻû˼γƷ
ʶĳƷȷʵǻûͷûԵһЩûյ顣
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225 ֣ܣ޳
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֣ܴһȫųƷȥʱҲû֮ǰǰɡ
ǳƷȴͬڸղˣһĨɫĵâ˸˲ͽ֣ܵĽѹ



ƷĵͬѸһϵն
ڳսǿߣڳƷ۱׼һˡ
֮ǰƷ׵Իôᣬÿÿ赲ס֣ܵĹҲƾԼ˵ɵġ
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ߺ־ڵͳƷһ׼һģʽġ
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˳㣬ûʲô˰ɣƷʵ
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ߺ־һ۳Ʒɵʵ
ոͻƣƷҲûֻǵ˵ͷ˵
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֪ƷѾ۷ˣͻƣǾֻһˣˡ
ǧѧУҲȻǺٵһˣڻûʮѧܹͻƵ֤
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֮У˶뿴ųƷʲôʱǰ
һ֮䣬֮𣬻һĳƷԶݣǽ˶֮󣬳Ʒ»ع鵽˾ߵ֮С
֮ܶһΣ˶ڵųƷ֮С
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232 һ۷
һµʱ䣬ԭһĹ⻷Ҳɢȥ˶뿴ǰһֵЦ
ƷʲôʱҲҽҲ̸֮۵Ļ⡣
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233 ֣
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ǵģ˵񱬷˳ͻ˼ǱƷߵģ˾һһҲǾһǸߺ־
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ʵ֮ǿھУֻһѧʵͿһĸֻиǿ
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һһ֣ܴ̳Ľâ˲ͱƷնµĽâƿӰսݺݵ˶Էĳ֮ϡ
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ʱ䣡
Ʒ˵žֱӳѵ֮ˣֻڷңɵۡ


234 Ⱥӿ
Ʒӳѵ֮У󲿷˶ڷңűƷһɳȥ֣ܡ
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֣ܾʲô֮ڰҲŵǰǧ֮УܹǰʮˣȻǼ˭С
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Ѿ˼άӦˣƷ֮һ֮ǰ̬ȣԸȥҲΪ顣
˼Ϊ˳Ʒ¼ս飬˼֣ˣƷôưոݡ
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235 ʮϢʮ
һһһ˶ʮǿȻһеʵ˵ʸԶֹʮˣؾǹء
ʮУѾʮ˿˶ʣµʮҲѾ۷壬ҪҲֻʱˡ
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ǳˣȴƷҲˣƷֱӷȥǼ֮䣬˾ͬ˳ȥͬѧһڵϲҽвѡ
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236 һ
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ֹһӣʣµĸѧҲڵˣ֮һأҲأһġ
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243 صĽ
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244 һķ绪
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֪ʲôѧֲܹز֪ԴУǿдһѱõΪòϵģû뵽վˣһӳųȥ

һ˲˳ȥֻ΢赲һ·âǿֱֲ۶ˣǾ̶ʱȴΪȡʱ䡣
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247 
ܿ죬Ʒ֪ˣΪʲôСݻһֳͷˣһգֲָһûеĵطһݣǴһ죬ҲʼеҪ˵˼ˡ
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ͼŭңÿŭһ֣ʱ˾Ҫ໹һ֣˵ҰģˣҰû˱ˣʱô
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˼꿴ųƷҲ֪ʲôôýô
״Ҳûа취˵ʲôֻǴ⣬һҪֹ


248 Ұ濪ʼ
һµʱȥǰܼѵѧ˵Ҳջ񼫴ģֿʱؽʵսĻѧУ߱ġ
һ֮Уһ磬ͬƷѾϴ磬֮󣬿֪ˡ
һϢ˳Ұ棬ʣѧһҲûĲϾǻ׼ˡ
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Ұ滹кܴΣԵģҪǰǩ״ĸԭΪҰȣ֮ǰģʵսǲСС֡
֮ǰոս봺︴գ޳ƵʱԲҲҰҰѵڣǵʱˡ
ܿ죬˾ͱǧļ˼ѵӪ⣬ԶԶȥҲǷǳ׳۵ģ͵ҲϮĶ飬ĻǾˡ
ǧѧ󲿷ֶģֻв˿ľ硣
Щǧѧ֮еľӢѧ̳
һɫս׵ĳƷҲڳˣոճֵʱ򣬶ʱһӣ˵ע⣬һƬȻ
ʵΪͷ̫ˣ˽գСݵеЩУѾзЩѧ֮д˿
һŭΪգһ֮Ȼ
Ĺ¾飬ʣаԵҪľ顣
ЩûܹѧǣҲ˵飬Ʒһ֮˵ǽ֮еѧˡ
һⶼûУǧնʵ档
ⶼʲôĻôóƷģǾһƳһһҲЩΧ۵ѧĿڣ˳ȥ
һȻûаܹĽӰˣĿ֮£ս׻һ£һܹ롣
Ǽˣһս׶˺ˡ
۵ģ
ʣƷѾΪΪֲǿ֮һ㲻罭Ҳǽڽ֮µĵڶˡ
ΪܶҲɵȻܹóƷһֻĳһ²նģºƷֱѪ˵ӣҲܶҲӹ˵ˡ
ˣҲƷϡ
ټϼ춼ûпƷⶸȻ֣ʳ˵顣
ǸƷôȻͺǿӣ
һ֮սǰ޹˺˰ɣ
֮ǰ˭˵ȥأڿǲԸȥɣ
ָԲϣƷߵ˸ߺ־ߣʱߺ־ҲɢŵɱȻΪ˲СĽȻѾͻƵأֻ벽ܹﵽ۷ˡ
ߺ־Ҳ˷ܣӵٶȥȫܹڸ߿ǰﵽμѧ˵ҪҲܹʮУȻȲѧǺʱǸֻҪһصѧĿҪǿĶˡ
һж漣һƷΪڷٵԼΪҲˡ
һ˼Ѿˣ˵Ŀ䵽ϣȴ·ûпһֱߵ˳Ʒߡ
һݹȥ˼ҲѾȵĿһ۷壬Ҳֻ벽֮ңˡ
ӵٶȣҪѧзǳϣ
˼˵һӰѾڶ˵ǰ
ƷȻĸҳ̫ö
ǽȴĿųƷ֮˸ź˵ĹâȴżЦ·ܹƷһ
ΪʲôҳأƷʾ˵
ãʡһҪµ취ɵˣʱ̰ɣΪѾûлټ̫ˣЦ˵ԼʵǺ⡣̫ˣ
˵꣬ҲͲ˵ŭĿԣֱת뿪صһеѧȥˡ
ƷҪСˣ϶ģߺ־˵
Ʒ˵ͷ漴ЦЦ˵İɣ׼ˣںٵʱҾѾˣҰ⣬еʱ˱޻ҪӵΣգ
ͬʱƷ˵ţ֮˸żΪΣյɱ⡣
һѦͺǸִֵһͬǳѧǰ


249 ׷ɱ
λִڣǧ˵Ӵյϣܹĵ
ʱѦЩ⣬һֱΪִֻһְˡ
ְ֮ΪҲܶ࣬Ϊǿġ
ܹɱģǻᱻԼΪϲٵ˸ǻɱ
ִӵĹһֹĿ࿴ĸоȻС¼Ӣ۰
һΣ;ΪĥǣǽܹΪĶ;ӢΪ޵Ҳ֪߿жôļңڴҵΪһᣬʱܹϵĴѧܹһΣеҪԣ룬ҪҶظˣӵѦΪǽһҰҪע飡
ִ˵һѻֽ֮ͷתѦ
Ѧӹͷ˵Ұ棬ѵطԲΧŶʮ֮ڽУ˽ķģҰķΧ֮ڣ϶ѾǲӵҲ©֮㣬ԼСģʲô⣬취ϵǣҲܱ֤һȫ˭Ըģ˭µģھͿ˳
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ѦĻ˵֮󣬾ʼЩѧҰ֮С
ԽӣֻӣΪӵ̫࣬ôҲʧȥҰĿġ
Ұ汾ΪĥѧǵǱٱƳһ
ߺ־˼궼ͳƷӣǳƷǾܾǣΪֻ֪½ưոݣĻΣգֻԼһ˵ĻôҲͷĶˡ
ƷǶҪСģǧ뿪ѵӪغԶҪʱϾڻҼѵӪأΪ̵ڻǻܣҲ˵ǣһ鷳١
˼Ʒ˵ôȻҲҲѳƷĻϡ
ǲĹï֦ܵҶգֻǵ͸֦Ҷ֮С϶ڵͶЩߡ
ԵޱȵİĳƷͽһƬ֮С
ֱնϣʾҰԻķΧ
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ƷѾս˾ӰսȻû˱Ƚǿޣ˵û©֮㣬οѰޣ֮УҲΪ޴Σա
أʱһѪͻȻһӳ˳ƷǰֱӳųƷûзĿݺ˺ҧ˹
ƷķӦҲ˿ֱһȥ˲Ͷ㿪ĹȻеľӰսһѸײڶ֮ƺݺݵնɱԴϣһ󶣵Դˡ
Ȼڿʲô
һ޴ޱȵߣʮ׳֮̾ϣһһСģͻûע⵽һߵĴڡ
ղֱɱľһߵԴ
翴ӴޱȣȴŻ̵ĻƺƬ
ҶߣƷϳһߵ֮мΪΣյһ࣬ƽʱ̾ϣװ٣һ￿ͻٶȳ֣˷ʤ
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㻹ĵƷɵ˵
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һҶߵٶ̫ˣһӾͳųƷɱ˹ԶԶţ˳һ
һ׼ĳƷɲĵˣֱһǰеľӰսݺնȥ
ͣ
һֿ׼ֺݣֱնҶߵĿǻ˲ͽҶ߸ɱˡ
Ҷ߱ķ棬ſɱʱΪµʱͬʱҲΪʱ
Ʒϵս׶Һ䵽ˣһ̵΢һ㣬ͻᱻ
ƷֱӽһҶӽɽͼĿռ֮У뿪
֮棬һССʧ󣬶ĸ
ʱһߣոĽһ˾ۼһ
˷ϢֻҪܹṩƷλõģʮϣܹץסģһ⣬ʳԣһеѧ˵֮ޱȵ䡣


250 Σ
ŻҪ׷ɱԼϢܿƷҲͨߺ־˼Ƕ֪ˡ
ϰͣνһֱˣҰ˵ʵ̫ˣһԹһ˵ˡ
ϣҪɱôףеĻԶɽͼĿռ֮С
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ѡôΪҲҪǧѷĻᣬúԼʵ
ܹʱڣأôҪ뿼ѧʮþȵˡ
ʱҲǺܶˣԾŵһ
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ȻƷһմߣϢǲϵıȥħһһεҰȫҪץסʬΡ
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ҲԸɱ֣һеѧȻЭΧȻˣǾͱˡ
ҪǾԼɣ
ƷѸײڶ֮ƽնɱ֮Ҳͣܿ뿪ֳ
ܿ죬ͳŲԶͷ޿ʳֻʣս׵Ĳ֮еŭҲ޷Ƶı˳
϶ǳƷ϶ǸŭȵղһƵ˵Ĳҽ
ȥӰɣƷȻ͵Ϯǣɱˣˣһһеѧŭ˵
ģʱҪǱӣǽԼҲ¶ˣܶƷϢ飬ѵû֪ô֤𣿡˵ҪǣҿɲþһҪֽʬΣôйͷ֮ޣ
ѣոɱˣһû뿪ãһҪҵ
նɱһѧ֮󣬳ƷֻоԼöˣһ˲䣬͸оΣڱƽ
ɲǼ䣬Ѿ̤ɾŲĲ뿪ԭء
䣡һ޴ޱȵĺȴһ޴ޱȵݺݵ䵽ղվŵλá
һ˶ߵľ޴ݺ䵽˵ϣ涼ˣض΢΢Ĳ
˱ֱˣôǲ롣
֪ʲôʱǸѾվһ֣еĵӡ
ȫһɫս֮УԶԶžһּΣյϢͷš


251 һɱ
ӿΪҲף𵽷ãͬʱҲ˶Ŀá
еĵɢżΣյϢͬѧ޵ɱ⣬þɳɱ⡣
ƷԺ֮У˲תͷҰѵڿʼҰ֮ǰѾ˲峡Ҳ˵ϲڣ˻Ŀԡ
Ϊ󣬾˵ǽȻչʮֲʢǿϵǳ޵УǿƼչҲһǴ෴ģǺ沢
һЩǿܹɼΪֲвֵǽȻǽڣһ˵ǷǳԴԽģǿ񱩵޳ɷסԴݽˣпܡ
Ҳ˵ǽڱԽĿܣûܵǹƥǰеĵȻɲȴҲûǿĵز
ôһҲͺ֮ˣ
ˣ
ƷѿڶƷϾͷӦ˹ˣǲǾˣô׷ɱء
Ǳ̷չԵ׵ľˣ
ƷͷӦ˹ˣ˵Ѿ͸;֮УһȻˡ
Ҫȥȴ֪ʲôʱѾһӰӰ׳˶һ㣬ͬɫսףס沿˿
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Ҳ̵ˣƷѿڶ
΢΢ȻҲû뵽Ʒܹô̵ʱ֮ھͷӦ˹
û뵽Ȼܹô̵ʱ֮ھͲ³ҵ֮˸ž⡣ò˵ͨ˳㣬ܹӵĳɾͣȷʵΪ˲ãǿϧ˭ֻ̣ˣ
Ҫǽ㣬ֻҪҵ㻹ûôף˵
Ʒףڰ취ҪԸ̣̾ȻҲѾжд̡
ҽŽҲҪҳƷ飬һ벶ȸں
ʱƷѾˣ֮ǰ֯ôѧֻ¸ΪνĶҫͼ
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еԵףÿһǾеľӢֻ¶Ѿ۷ΪˣڵƷնһ°õĺˡ
Ȼʵ𵱳Ҫǿ̫ˣʤ㷴ˣΪ˶սףӲöԸˡ
ĶµѡһҪô͸ߣ̣ΪЧ˵еΪЧԾҪƷϴˡ
󲿷̵ּˣĸԸģǾεϴԵģŻѡΪЧ
ҲߣҲ֪ͨˣ︽źѾˣѾǽ첻Ӧеصزˣмֵ˵
Ȼ֮ǰѾܹ뵽ж뵽ˣƷѾ֮ߵġ
׼أƷ΢΢Цһ
ǻ˵Ϊץ㡭Ļδ䣬ȴֻһӰѸײڶ֮ƣ˲ͳǰ
־ŭһʱˣȻҷ
Ҳû뵽Ʒʱ򣬾Ȼ־ܣɱ
ͬʱ۷ĸҲһ˲Ǹ޴ޱȵ趯ųƷ˹ȥ
죡
죡
죡
գ
գ
գ
ƷҲֻһɲǼʱѣûʱȥǣ̤ɲɲǼ䣬ɱǰ
Ʒȫ˲伯Ϊ֪ĻֻһΣһˣֵİˣ浽Ǹʱ˶ɽͼĿռ֮⣬ûбĳ·ˣҲ뱩¶Ļֻӵأ̸ע⡣
ռ䷨ĿǰΪֹǷǳģΪĿǰΪֹ໹δ˿ռļ
ûѡ
׵
ɨһɫĹâҪضɢһ
ͣ
ֱɨĲͷ­˳ȥ


252 ѣ˼
ͷ­նɳȥʱ˻ȫһ˼飬ţԼȻƷһûеס
˵ǷӦûзӦ
һνܣ
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ҾȻˣ
һͷҲֻˡ
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ˢ
Ʒһ˲̤ɾű˳ȥƬ֮䣬Ѿ˰ΧȦֵһߡ
γȥһ˲䣬ԭվλãѾӰˡ
Ե׵ľˣ˵ٶȿһǸеĵӣһһ򣬾Ȼܹ㾪˵ٶȣ˿ŵĵز
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ƷҲɵðզ࣬Ҳʵ̫˰ɣֱŵҪ̬˰ɡ
Ȼ˵Ѿܴˣһֻ־ѹƵĶԷر̧ͷǺֲֿĹҲС׼ˡ
ֲֿľ޴˵ϣһӾͻɡ
ǽһ£ȫ¹ѣֱӱ
ǿһĳ̶֮ʲôٶȣʲôɣֻһЦѡ
Ϊûκô
һƷѾֵܵıԵԶԶĿԿǽǰɢһֲֿܹоΪΣյĸо
ܲ˰ɣǸ׳ľѾ׷Ц
ԱߣǸеĵҲѾ򣬻ĶѾܵ˵ǽϵĳƷ
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ȻƷʱȲˣĲӾˡ
׷ҾͲܹӵٶȶã
ǸеĵӼ̾׷ȥ
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ܣһܲԶͷ׷һҪ׷׷ϵĻֶ֪ģǸĽ˶ľ˵
ǸеĵӶʱŵһ飬·뵽ʲôǳֲһ
ܿ죬˾ֱӷͷ׷ȥˡ
ֹãͻȻǸԭѾ뿪˵еĵӾͳ˾ʯȻûκ˵ļ
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ӹȻ裡
Ʒüͷ΢˵
ղžǳŶʯһʱ򣬽ɽͼĿռ֮УԴ˶㿪˵׷ɱ
û뵽˾裬ǻɳƷԭأԼװѾˣʵȴ۷һֲ
ڳƷʮ־裬Ȼܱץš
ʱ˵׷ɱƷʱȥ顣
ԭΪԼڰ̵Ӵ󣬸ע⵽ԼΨһһνǴξõʱ
û뵽ѾעˣԸΪľҪ
ҲζţĴԭĻҪΣգѡǶԵģĻֻͶˡ
Ʒ˿ܣѾܳҰѵԶˡ


253 ѱ޵
أƷƳʯ·һͷһϸһ϶ʱ¶˼ֿϲɫ
һƳһĶʵǳӣһҩݣΪĹƳ棬ҩļʶǳƷȴʶ
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ԭƷҪϻȥѦ˵̼ϸ飬ѾıˣϢ˻ȥ֮󣬾ͽһĹƳֲɽͼĿռ֮С
ҪôһĹƳҪҩĻֻôһ㣬˴ĹƳһҩ֮⣬Ҫһҩġ
ͻȻһЩᵽģҰսϣԶϽĵطһһĺеĴڡ
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Ψһİ취ҵЩУӺ֮лѱ޵ҩġ
һĨڣ֪ĶкУΪڹٷĵͼϣǸЩеĴڵġ
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ףҰսô׺꿴˳ƷĻ
ҰսƷ
Ҳ²ɣʲôֱ˵ɣ
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Ʒ˶٣Ȼ˵ģһ£ûǾߺеĵַһݣ
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С˼׺˵ͷ˵һҾ˷ȥҪںʲôҪҰæô
ˣֻҪѺеַҾͺˣƷ˵
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˰׺ĵ绰֮ûӣ׺ͽΧĺеĵַ궼˹иȻʮС
Щһܹ֪ģڴĴ˵ҪҲܼ򵥡
ƷһҾĺУ͸˹ȥ
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ҲǣֽҰĺУ־±һãôܵסһδε޳Ĺء
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һתϽ𵤵ЧȻˣֻŵҩ㶼һҪ̥ǵĸо
ǾתϽָǺεȾ˵ĹЧ
ҩһϽɫһĪĹâʣʮֲס
ƷһתϽƿװ֮ųؿռ䣬ʱѾ˽ľˡ
ƷɽͼĿռ֮УͺܽӽҰѵˣΪ˱⽫ޱ¶Ʒ޽ɽͼ֮С
ȻͿʼ˷·ģʽҪҰѵصʱ򣬷ˣԶԶǱʲôһĳѵصķȥ
޳
ƷһӾͷӦ˹˴ģޱϮֻһֿˣǾ޳
޳ڴʱĿҰѵصķôҲͲѲ²ˡ
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Ʒ̵֮͸жôǺʣĺ;ӱƴ֯սҲʵ
еˣȴһطܹʱЩޣγɿµ޳ľӡ
ЩҲɾ޴в
ƷĵǸߺ־˼İȫæҰѵصķӶȥ
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أһȴӰ˳ƷǰȴǱˣ֮ǰ׷ɱƷ̵Ե׾ˡ
һеĵӣֳһ޴ˣһĽ˶һڳĶס˳Ʒ
ȻֻҪһʱ䣬վǻģѧľް
ǸеĵЦһ˵ͼԻƷע⡣
һѾȻܵ˳Ʒ󣬴һǰл
˶սҪһܹױ˴˵˼
ԭһƷ֮ǰ׷ɱĲӴܣҪʱˡ
ƷһӶκڵһֱͦͦ˳ȥĿǸֳһ޴еĵӡ
ôΪ֣ٶȾôǴشˣ
ǸеĵӴһеֱͬһ˳ȥǿұˣһ޴ĺ
ȻеĵӿٶȲ̫ӣʵٶһ磬Ǿ޴һ
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ƷȻһ̤ɾűʩչ˵ı䣬˵ֱһͣסˡ
ǰǸ޴䵽˵ϡ
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Զʤ֮ǰƷսǸѪǰĸˣҪȺ쾳ĸ֡
Ǹеĵӻ⣬ȴһտɫӰһɫһ˳
ٶѾܿˣһӰȴ죬Ѹײڶ֮ƣһצ˳ȻеĵӾͱɨ˳ȥ嵹˳ȥ
һɫ粻ģֱӳǸеĵӷڰе׷˳ȥڽеצӣȻһµһڴն
ǸеĵӾͱȥԴ
һз̫ͻȻɲǼѡ


260 ɱһ
һзĶǰͻȻ˲ͷˣոɱޣֱһѪһӶͣġ
ϵʻرģ
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ʣµǸԵ׵ľ˳Ծĺ⼸֣֪һͷ޵ôֵģĶֵĶ֪
ǲ֪һͷжΣգжἰޣǳޣ˵޳֮Уܹıһսۣһٹһ±ݶ⡣
ȻһͷһǻδģǶ˵Ҳʮֲֿġ
̾˾תܣ࿴һ۶ûеӣʱתͷѰ·
ϣ
ƷһҲǻһտɫ׷ȥ
ǸԵ׵ľ˵ٶȷǳ죬ٿҲ첻޵ٶȣƬ֮Ĺ޾Ѿ׷һԵ׵ľˡ
ǸԵ׵ľ˴ʱ¶ת޺ɱȥʵ̫ԶˣĹޡ
̵ĵطȻйǼ׸ǵĵطʮտɫëʵҲͬޱȣˡ
Ƭ֮䣬ͱһצķɵԴ
Ϊֵ࣬쾡¡
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ƷҲûʰ˵ʬףֻƬŵʱ򴫸ѦҪ̶ֳ֪ȵĸ϶ֻˣȻѾˣԴڵĲ֣θ˸ҳ
Դ֪ԼѾ̶֮󣬳ƷѾûĴκνˡ
˫ûκλ͵Ļᡣ
ʱһЩ̣ȻҲܹΪȡ㹻ʱɳ
һҪ̴гװγ
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ǺֽҲһʬ޴棬ֻе
ΣյĵطҲֻһֶѣǱӿɴᱻһںʬ޴棬һġ
ֹģĴսѧӦöʮѵ˲ŶԣҲҪʮѵˣ
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ƷʱеңΪ̵֪׷ɱ뿪ҰѵǸպˣֻµʱҪ˶
˵֮ǰץ˼꣬վû˺˼ֻ˽ԹĻôڣΪǳ׵״˳Ʒеĵˡ
Ը⳹׽ϾǽңҲûκѡˡ
ȻҾŪ㣡Ʒˣó飬ȻΪ˲ûʲôߣֻǺ
һƬң޳Ӵսսֵط̫ˣǽҵĵϵӵܡ
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ңڳƷûѡˣѾƵ£
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Խǽ֮УԿϮʮѵصޣüζǿޣŽЩ޸ˣⲻս
ڳƷŸϵһ֮УǲԼԼֻһЩγɵߡ
ֵطǸ߿ƼҲûа취ĵõһɱԽĺõطƷʱҲ˽ѡĿˡ
ʱڳƷǰӰ˳ƷǰһսףΪ磬Ľ£һˣǸȴǸߺ־˭ء
ʱߺ־ܵشս׶ƻ˿ܲ
ڽԱߣԼĪ߰˸ˣÿһ˿ŶѵأϢΪǿᣬεĶмΪľ硣
Ϊ׵һԼĪʮģߣһȺս׵УֻһԵüΪۡ
ǳƷȴǵһʱоһּΪǿв
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261 ɱ
ȻûдսףǺЩ֮ΪǿĴڣһ˵Ʊѹסˡ
Щսף·ϣһ׻ڻ߿ؿڴ
ǽҵˣ
ڴＯ˵Ҫҳһӵĸ֣Ѿǽ߾ȫˣǶڽ˵ʲô
û뵽ȻĸһӣһͦĵģƷ֣ɸƵ
ΪжԵҲòΪƷĵ̾
ΪǻĻǿ϶ġ
֪Է˸壬֪Ǹ֣ÿ˶ġ
ǧӣ˵ףмء
Ҳ˵ȷʵ޴֪Ц˵
Ȼһߣߺ־ͱ߷˳ȥӴκݺײϣȻеûˣȻڴ֮ǰѾܹһĥˡ
ƷһĻɫû˿ı仯ֻ֮â˸ɱӼᶨ
Ϊɱңǳ˺ôݣ
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Щ˵һģ
ƷΪһᱨôΪʲôҪأҪﲻ׵ˣ㽭Ҳûа취˭ɵİɣ
ɱң
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Ļδ䣬ȴһɫӰ֪ʲôʱѾ˽ǰӰսһɫһֱӾն
ߣǰˣأһ
ţһؽͬһĳ˽ǰס˳Ʒһ
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ƷĶȻ죬ںֵǸߵУȴ̸жôľˡ
δעӳƷתƿӳƷϲһΣյϢȻ֪ԭ򣬵ָоһ̶ҷɡ
һЦ˵ƾ㣬ΪȡɻһΣʲô𣿺ͺ쾳ĸֱģ̫Զˣ
ôƷ˵һһտɫӰһ˳һɫ磬˲ѾɱǸ쾳ߡ
Ǹ쾳߸һûУ˵ҲûһӰܹǰ
һֻצץץǸߵؿڡ
ǸɲǼ䣬ԶһĹâǺ쾳γɵĻ˺쾳֮ʻǿĶˡ
⻤ȴһֻצǰ˶һɵľʹ͸˹ȥ
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һУ˵ʵֻһɲǼͷˡ
һտɫӰޣȻرߴ󣬵޵Ӱոճסȫ
ĶǸߣǲϵĿѪûսױ壬ҲǱѰǿһЩˡ
޵צܹ˺ѿĻǸؿڵѪⶼ˺ѿһƬһƬѪģܶطܹ׹ɭɭܹһǡ
߷Ӧ̫һצܹߵץıˡ
Ǹߵ֮Уǲŵ飬ȻôλͻϮˣֱǲ˼漣
ǰһտɫӰ֮󣬶ʱ·ܹγˮһ
ޣԣǳɳڵޣ


262 ɱ
ޣôܣ
Ҳ˵ʱʣµļҵĸҲǱһĽűС
ЩǾѵ֮󣬲Żγɵһֱ
ǵҲ֮ǰǰɣȻҲ޵жôļ֣˵ǿ¡
˶ڳƷԱߵһͷޣʱˣһͷ޾ȻǱƷշˡ
ѹֳƷȻԼΪǰģĴｫˡ
ϧˣվǲһ㣡Ʒ̾һղһ飬ƵС
һʼ͸оǸߺǿֻں쾳֮Ҳ֣˵޵ʵԾֻǸոտ쾳硣
һȻǺɨҪĺҪʤѶȾͺܴˡ
ֻסǸߣȻõǳƷҪģɲ̶ֳֻȾˡ
ҪЩͳͳѾ˳ƷĵˣѾɱ⡣
żװǸȣϧǸԶĻҪǿĶ࣬ȻһһצҲܵشѪ֮˵زҲڱٷְٵʵ
ĻǸҲӦ˹ȻƷ֮ǰΪ˹ϵ
ٿƷʱ֮гļɵ
͵ϲֱֱôıģֻˣµġ
ֻı㣬ûҲɲ˴£ƫƫĶ֣жһǰԼȴçײı˲δΪĸ֮
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סһͷޣϽȽСնɱˣĻã
Ǹߴһǿпסļ⣬ֹͣѪϣһؽֱӳնȥ
ҲǴһǸɱ˹ȥ켶ײһȻȴԴ
˫γǿˣײżΪĿ
һߣĿųƷ˵ƾ㣬ҪɱңϣҰ⽴
ʣµ߸߶˵ĸ֮У˳ųƷ˹ʣµĸǽС
ǿƷǿֵܵУʱ޳ʱܳ
ʵϣǽ֣ôܻ޳ʱ
Ʒ̧һһƿӳУһתϽ̽˶ӵС
䣡
һתϽ𵤻һ񳱣ӿ֫ٺ֮С
ǿֲ񳱣֮еĹڷ
ԭոͻƵصʵʼǣǶ̶ʱ䣬Ѿ۷塣
ʱѾ嵽ǰѱɲǼ䣬ͳųƷ·ȥ
Ȼϰϻģ²Ҫ˲ҲѾ˾ֱųƷȥ
ƷκζĿռ䡣
ˣ
ЦſǰһУܳƷٶĵƣھԵʵǰһôûС
Ȼû뵽ǣƷȻ̤һµĲһֹĶֱӶ˹ȥ
ĽҸֵĹȫˡ
ϣɱԲܷŹ
һȻȻֱӴ˳ųƷɱȥ
ȻƷĵƲϳϣƷվҲֻضѡ
ϣͬһؽҲ޼һն磬ܹնϵһ
ĺã
ƷһɱĽ˿޾壬ǵûкˣ෴ģǰȥ
ڣһһɵĹڷԭоޱȼ̵˲ͱˣֲҩ
أ
ƷȻֱӳأ
谭ʵͽҲǽһˣ
أ
սؽڰ֮ײһһ޴ĺ˫ײһ˲䱬ըˡ
ҽһڰеֱԱɱʱٶȵ˻ȥֱײһòϣһôײĳѷ졣
ۣ
һѪ˳ȫ¶оһ־ҵʹƹͷȫһһĳһ
أȫŵĿųƷôһ£һεһͬһ֮ĵƼӳֵ˿µĵز
ڣֻѰһѣ


263 ɱģ
ʱƷɢſµ˼µƷ𽥵ӣŨ۶⿴Ϸڵĵز
ͻȻ֮ǰƷµһöϽɫĵҩʱϣϾôĸֵĻ֮£ô̡ܷ
ڿֻһöϽɫĵҩ򵥡
Ʒܹо֮ԴԴϵͷųĹͻƵ֮󣬽ԻʣµÿëͷųѪ֮УתʼϵĴ
ʱͱͬҪõĶˣһתϽ𵤸ҩգԸһ
һ仰ݣǼֱһͷһ
ȻƷľ粢ûиһǺʣʱӿĿֲóƷս۷壬Խ۷Ŀֲڡ
ȻֻʱģֳǿоóƷоüˡ
ΧĽҸֶʱŭǵƤӵ£Ȼ˵Ҫˡ
˷׷׳ųƷķ˹
һȸϵѸײڶ֮ƳųƷɱ˹ֱӵݵ˳ƷǰҪһƷԴ
ƷҲһɲǼ䣬Ͷˡ
âֱնննĳϡ
أ
ǿֱֲһѳ˳ȥȻƷԸٶն˵ڶȻһն˵ϡ
ַڰУûа취תΣֻĿųƷһնϡ
䣡
ݺݵıը˿ǸֱӾ͵˳ȥݺײһòϣȻһùײˣɭ֮вڶ
ͽһиɳȥ֪Ʒ㣬ɱӭɱȥ
˲û뵽ƷȻҷɱǴʱǵĹѾֹͣˣ׷׸ı˷򣬾ͳųƷɱ

ƷһȻͳţն˺ɫĵâ
أ
أ
޴ײ֮˾ֻҲͬ˳ȥһ˳ȥݺײ֮У֪ˡ
ɱң̶ֳȣҿǲİɣƷЦſűĸĸűеĽ
ĸεҲصΪصΪ۷徳Ҳֻǲһ֮ңѡ
Ǵʱǿб򶨵ϣһ˫֮е𾪣ȴȫǡ
ǻδֲֿսʽһ̶֮󣬾Ȼֲܿز
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Ʒٶ̫ˣ
˲Ѿ˽ʱ֮¶һΪ־飬ΪȷˣƷȷʵпܽɱ
ĿҲãҲöǽܹȫ֧˵¡
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סҪ˺ԶǸߴһҲѾܵ˴ʱƷ״̬ĿֲǸûκΰ취Ϊ޸Ͳסˣ˵ѹˡ
һʼͱشľȫľ棬ޣ֮ҲǴģ»δ޶һ޴鷳
ԭģôΧƷѵʧܵĵ˭֪ƷͻȻͱˣôΧƷȻʧܵĵ
ʱޱȵżȴûа취æҪСıɱ
ʣµĸˣͳͳųƷΧȥ
ȻǺ֮ǰΧĸҲûʲôֱ𣬸סƷļС
һתϽ𵤵ҩڷɢֲһͷų˿ֲ
أ
أ
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죬ĸ˸ͲǶ֣ͱƷ˳ȥ񱩵˳űֱӿǵ֮Уһͽش֪
ȻƷߵ˽ǰ
¶˼ֿ־飬Ʒһһӡֳ־Ӱս
㲻ɱңǽҵĵӣҪɱңд鷳ģ˵ʱʲôҵӵĽûˡ
룡
ƷЦһһͷ­ͱ˳ȥ


264 նɱ
âֱ˽ͷ­
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ʱƷޱȵƽû˿Ķݡ
ȻѾˣǾûʲôԥˣհǰ˺ǰǺ»ǲԸ
Ʒһ˵ţһ߸Щɳȥ֪ĸֲһǲ鷳ɾʹˡ
ȻɱˣǾֻһ취ˣ鴦ĸɾһЩ
Щ֮󣬳ƷּΧǸߵ֮С
׵
ƷһȣֳֳݺݳǸߺɱȥ

һͱǸߵؽסˣǸߵʵǺֲܿģ֮ǰȱ޸شˣô¸ڵĳƷܹԸ˵ġ
ǸҲΪʱƷĿֲ𾪣ˣΪʲô֮ǰЩҵĸ־ȻڳƷǰ˲һˡ
ֻ³ƷʱսѾ뵽˺쾳˰ɣֻƻԣ˵ܹԸǶЩֻĽҸ˵ֱǾ
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ڼֱ൱쾳ĸֹ֮ǰ۷ʱ£ڣûа취⡣
Ʒͨù֪ͨ˴˵˼޺ȻľͿʼƷǸ쾳ߡ
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ƷҲʱ൱ں쾳սȻŹᡣ
ԭѾﵽ¯׵Ȼڽ𽥵ɱ䣬似˵ףһ־ۻʲôֱӺǿ֮ĸָֽܹ۾ء
ԽǺ쾳߽֣ƷĽҲԽǴΪƷŴžͷ֣ԼԭΪûĵֱٳ
һЩԭĵط쾳ߵĹ֮£ҲƷĽô
쾳ҲˣƷĥʯĥԼĵʮֵŭڽңҲû˸ô
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ܿ侲ˣΪ֣ΨһĻᣬܹĻôΨһĿԣΪҲˣƷʵ̶ܴеҩļӳ֣ҩɢֻҪֵһܹ
ģֻҪԼܹһҪóƷ֮أȫᡣ
һУڳƷֻЦѣһ㻹ҪߣҲΪпô
ʱǸ쾳߲Ȼ֣֪ʲôʱؿѾѪֹѪ·͸ˡ
ʱŶȻ֣ԼȻƷ˾УһֱΪԼĿԣûһ
һսͱشĵطѾƲסˣս֮У޷ƼֹѪο˿ڸոֹѪͱƷֲıѿ
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ȴ˿ûв࣬ĺ˵ֱǲܵ飬ΨһĿԾƷƭˡ
Ʒһ֣ʱҩ˥ˣлļ
ʵʼվһְˣһһ˵лᡣ
Ҹƴˣ
־ŭؽһɽһʱ򣬳ƷľӰսȴǺɨ˳ȥһѸײڶ֮ƺɨ
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ͣ
Ǹߵͷ­һӱ˳ȥ䵽һԣϣȫŵģ
䣡
һؽݺ䵽˵ϣ䵽˳Ʒűߵĵϡ
ڳˣ׵ҲͻƵ˳뻯ľ磡Ʒ΢΢³һ˺ܾ֮׵Ҳڴ¯ͻƵ˳뻯
ƷһؽɽͼеĿռ֮У˵ʬҲûйܣͷԶѾ޵ıϮ޳ѾҪǵˡ
ƷæѾԹȥĸߺ־ŵʮѵȥ


265 
ƷٶȺܿ죬ڻǸ޳֮ǰ˻صʮѵ֮С
޳;ӵײ֮ǰ޳ʮѵصĹģҪĶˡ
ǵأǸָ޳
ƷԶԶţֻޱ𺳣һȻܹЩ޳Ļء
ֶεĻֻ¸Ķַ֣Ӿͱѹˡ
Զ֮У̨ף̨ڰ֮зӶȻֱӳ޳֮Уȫ϶ſµļڣǺɨһ
ߵĶĶ޾ͱɨһգ
ң
ƷĿѣԣǻ۵ĽᾧƼĽ
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֮вֻгϢЩĿܶ඼˴ѧңּ˼ֲǵг֡
Żǿ
׶ˣһ޳ûпܶʮѵʲô̫вˡ
ȷʵ׼Ȼܱƣ
ʣµľΧˣ
ʱŸߺ־˻֮Уѧδѧˣڽơ
˳Ʒʱ˶ȻԳƷ鷳Ҫ׷ɱ˾֪û뵽ȻܻŻ
ǽڶûг֡
޳ӵĽԽļңûзʮѵصĻֻҲǾһľˡ
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Ʒߺ־ȥƣһŷ˼ꡣ
һɫսףĹյİ͹£һͷڷβ󣬶ǰĿƳ£һžµϣǽɫ
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ҽ֮УֻгƷͻƵĸߺ־Լ˼ˣԳƷŻ᲻˼ɵĽ˵˳
ɱ˼Ծ˵

Ʒ˵ͷ
Ҳưոݵģ㲻Ҫٺκ˵𣡡˼æ˵
İɣûôƷЦ˵ֻǺ˵ѣģ
֪Ҳֻ͸ߺ־о˼ˡ
ߺ־˼궼ŵùõġ
ʱƷע⵽˼Ȼʵͻơ
ͻƵˣƷԾ˵
˼˵ͷ˵ովһսͻƵģ
˼˵赭дǳƷܹежôգսѾ˵һˡ
û뵽̾ȻУǲ֪ˣ˼֮ǰƷǧ

Ʒ˵ͷϾ鶼ѾˣҲûҪˡ
ԭˣѹˣҲˣϵ̵飬ֲ˵϶漰»ˣ˼һת˺ܶ飬ҲǷҪٸʵ׵Ը񡣡˵ô׼һ̸ոշʱ򣬾ͳˣԭһжһȦף
㲻ԼôƷһ˼꣬ʵ
ʲô˼һ۳Ʒ˵Ҳ㻹ףʱüֵܱȳΪһҪã
Ƽӣܶ鿴ıȳƷҪס
ƷҪ˵ʲôأӵһϢѦ
ѦóƷȥ
ƷҲֻ˼æŸߺ־ԼȥѦ
һǽ֮ϣԶԶĿԿΧȦһ޳ʣµҲ𽥱ΧˣѾɲʲôˡ
ѦǱֶһĻһɫսףѪϵĵ䣬Ȼովһս
Ѧ٣
Ʒ
ˣѦһܹ˳Χ˵Ҳǹû
йϵôƷеɻ˵
Ȼ֮ǰҵϢҼװ˵ʲôһ̵߳˹ȻΪԼ¶ˣǰˣִ֮űɽһˣѦ
Ʒ֪ԭлйϵѹо̷ʱһЩ
ˣ㷢Ƭҿˣû뵽Ѿ͸ôˣһԸȥΧһ޳ֽ֮аţһҪ̵ԵץѦ˵ǳƷ֮ǰ̸ľ˵Ƭ


266 ѵĻȻ
ѦǾˣԶָľҲͬʹ
һϢһϢһѦʵ
һϢɣƷ룬˵
ϢǣһǵжջûܹץסһĶѦ˵ϴ֮ǰֻӦҲ̵ĺˣҪСˣ
ʲôȻûץסƷеƵ˵Ҫ֪һԸѦԵףʵ̶ܴϣҪþӵ̡
Ͼһ춢Լ̣˵ںܹ⡣
ǺϢʲôƷ˶٣Ȼʵ
ѦһЦ˵ϢѾȷһ̵Ķ˭ˣ
˭Ʒæʵ
Ǹִֵӡ󣿡Ѧʵ
ƷԺ֮жʱֳһ۾ӵģû뵽ȻִȻ֮ǰƷ;е֣Ҳû뵽Ȼ
û뵽Ȼ
ûҲû뵽صĺҲͻȻҶֵʱҲڷӦ˹ҲΪĹϵм̵ĺˣȻĻһӣ
ѦᵽǾʮֵơ
ҪһΪһʵǹˣһεپе̺쵼㣬УУλܹɹȻ˵ϽУֻҪһ£Ҳˡ
ĿѼӷˣеƿ֪
ȻѾȷ˾ͻãѾ˺ģѾܼĳˣֻڰĳ棬ȻвɲСҲܸһ͸ᣬҲһͰɣѦ˵
ҽһǺ˵һ飬һ飬ΪͻȻĹϵһεļѵҪǰˣѦ
Ʒ˵ͷҲ⣬ǺģȻ͸زɾôܷġ
һ¾Ҫ߿ˣӦҪȥѧɣѦ
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ڵʵȻ˵ӦҲлᣬǲһ㣬ȫգʣµʱ䣬ԼͰɣȻ㲻ԸӣѧҲධӢҲΪȫܶҲһģѦ˵
лѦټˣƷ
ˣһҪ߰ɣѦ
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һϢһҹ֮ʹѧ֮С
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޳֮УȵҵʱҲֻʣһѿݹˣֻͨҧû̵սֱܹݣDNAȷ֮󣬲չϢ
ˡ
˶ɵˣھеĸ˵ֱһ񻰣һ˵ôܻ
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Ϣһҹ֮ѧ֮дˣ˶ף龿ζʲôΪеһʵȻӹɣǸǾ˼Ĵڡ
ÿĸ߿ͬʱҲǾкнʱ򣬶ҪнȻǽľӢѧ˵ıнȻ֪ϢһȻҪ𳹳׵׵Ȼ󲨡
ѧǷؾиϢҲڴ˳ȥͬһΣо˲Сѹ
ֻΪ
ѧʵûʲôں
ϢȻҲǴ˽֮С
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һҲֻ֪˲֪ǽϲŸ߲ڶ֮еפء
ֻнΪĵʸס
ЩıһĴ֮Уһθߴһװӣɳϡ
Ʒͻ֣ᷢӵòȻͽмơ
ӣǽĸףҺĳԱҵ


267 ֮
ҵɫܹγˮһĿ𺣬˫ֽס·ֻӲܹסеķŭ
ڵ֪˶ӵѶĵһʱ䣬Ѿŭ˼ˣûӻһСƵļѵϡ
ӵʵСƵļѵν顣
ƫƫӾСƵļѵϡ
ȻֻһӣϾʱûмƻ˵෴ģΪ˵̫٣һ˵ľƴǸ˵ʵ;Ӣʵ
һһľǾԵһء
Щ֮УгϢϣ쾳硣
ڽĲźʹ֮УҲÿһ˶ܹɲţȻǲɲĵĽӵҲѰҪǿĶˡ
ԽҵʵҪһеһӵܣҲǺܲ׵顣
Ҫǰ꽭ּĸ߿״Ԫʹֻ˵Եˡ
ﲻǰͰľͿĳġ
ڽҵĺĽײ֮ͬǸңгϢĶӾôˣеŭ֪
ǰվһͬװӣϢǿҲһǿߣǴʱԽҵҲֻ΢΢ֱ
鵽ôʲôԭ򣿡ҵǿŭ𣬿ʵ
ֳѾǳģˣЩڵʬ̹ˣû취ͨʬʲôֳһЩ˿ǲ鵽кּĴսǸӵ
ϻȥģϵʵں쾳֮жǺܲģǺ֣ôȫû޳Ҳȫû
ҵѵ˵
ȥֳרӦϵĸΧŻᵼȫûæ˵
֣Ǳܹɵĳݵģ˾ҲֻˣӺԩ޳ҲûҪַһǼҵĺӵܣǾˣҵһһٵ˵
ǶڽȻ˵Ҳмײ㣬ĸֿ˵ٶνÿжкܶˣ˵ѧˣǴ󲿷ֵ޷쾳硣
ú쾳ʮ
ܹ쾳磬ܹҺĵУʵģû뵽һѵˡ
̾ȻҶǽҵĵϵӵ֣ܶҵһķ֣˵ȥУͶʮڣҪھжͷҪǸۣ
ҵѾ϶ˣܹģĺֵģҲֻˡ
̣ɲ̣ҲǺǵġ
취ԾʩѹҪǳ©ҶҲҵˣǸҶгԹǸ˭
ǸгƷѧǴ˵
취Ūҵ֮˸ź˵ɱ⡣ҶڶҶˣƾʲôţ
ϣǽҲźܽҪﶯֵĻֻӰǳãǸ¶˼Ϊѵ顣
ִᣬȻнȻֻ죬Ҳǿƣƻƽȡ
ЩԸ˵ҲʮУȻһ˵ŲƽĸҲܵͣϲ̫ܷ
˿ܲСĲһֻϣ˭רȥһֻء
ǾںͣǧҪȫҵͷҵ˵ҪͳͳҶᣡ
ǧڽҵĽҺ˵ʲôǺͶ̵ȣ͸С׼ˡ
ֻǧ򣬿»û˸Ҷ̶ֻ֣һѰƽǾһˡ
ȻпܱץǳɹʻǺܸߵģҲûʲôգ׵ľܹ׬һǮֻɱֻǰ̵׬һǮ
ҵ˾٣ҪóƷһΪᣬȻƷֻ·ߵһϣһµļֵûС
ǱǨŭ˶ѣ
֪Ǩŭˣɱӵˡ
ǧ޴󣬼һҹ֮ѾӰ쵽˳Ʒһҡ
ƷɫĿոմСͱеɱ֣СжϺŵĸߵС䰲Ȼ˵˶Ч
ɱֵĵҲóƷ֪ˣںǧȫҵͷ
Էһµ뷨ûУǽĸףҵ


268 Ӷ챣
ǧһƽ֮˵Խ췭ظˣǧɱһƽ񣬼ֱ͸׼һ
ǶЩںڰ֮УѾɵЩ׼֮ͽ˵ֱ͸׼һ
ûκѶȣ
µģ
Ϯ֮󣬳ƷϵѦѦʵȻܿͲЩɱֵ
ҵһݵ˼ûУҪйԼŭ˶ףҵͽҵŭ
ֱʻں̶ͷڳƷǱ˶ѡ
ˣҵǧҪȫҵͷ
绰һͷѦ
ʱѦҲܵ˲СѹҶԾϲʩ˲СѹҲк̨ҲпɽƻᱻֱӸ̨ȥ
Ҳֹܷ˽ãȴҲ֪ʵ޴Ӹı䡣
ҪСˣѦ
Ѧ٣һ£ûʶֲ۳Ķ֣ӶһЩĸ֣Ʒ˶٣˵
ǧҲ٣С֮УȷʵûʲôɵĵģԳ֣˭ֻΪǧðء
ڴ·ǿ°أ
ȻзգǧʵˣѰҲ׬Ǯ
˵УЩ˵ļ۸ǲƵģѦ˵
Ǯ⣡
Ʒ˵
οǽҵǧͣҲǼңʱھͺбҪˡ
ϾĸֻͨˣøǸոտʼ޸֮
͸ĸİȫȣǮֵû
ûȻһѦ΢΢һЦ˵ڻǺбҪģǺҲãҲã쳤ؾõ鷳ʱ䣬һоͺ˵ˣ
ǺҲкӴɨȣ̹ʱûǵ鷳ˣǱҲû취ˣһβ㱻ˣҲܵ˺ܴѹҪҲбᱻߣˣѦ㿼ѧͺöˣ˻̰ͼǧҲúúõһѧķѧԼһȻʦʦ鲼ϲ㣬ѧҲ̣Ͼ˭ûиأⱨ˴˵ˣ˭ܳܣ
ƷѦ˼ֻҪѧһоͻȫͬˡ
ѧѧݣЩСҶԼļ֣ĸֲΪǧͺѧ˺ƻǱ
ˣղ˵Ҫֵ飬һ壬һҰ˾յˣǾľӢˣеŮĶУʵǿ󣬶ҳϿɿΨһȱǼ۸ȽϸߣѦ
Ǯ⣡
Ʒа׺Ǳһʵķֺ컹û֣ٹҲ֧
һ˵ĸ֣һ´Ӽ򣬵ʮ򲻵ȣ۷ĸ֣һһҵĹӶѣѦ
ǺأƷʵ
θڻСֵļ۸ߣѰĺ֣ҲҪǧһ꣬Ķ۷ĺ֣һǧڶУǾͲǮͿĵˣѦ˵
ƷҲɵΪ۸զ࣬ѹڴＯŵĹģҲֻıһˡ
֣ҾͲˣܷˣƷҧҧ˵
ְбˣھ˵½е鷳
ֵķÿҪǰ֧һģѦҲΪƷӴ𾪣ֱЦ
֣Ҫǧ򣬶ҪڣҲһóôǮ
Ʒ˵ͷ˵
һǮĿǰȻûУԴӰ׺ǱԤ֧һЩϾкܶ嵤۵ķֳɻûأЩǮȻ࣬Ƕڰ׺Ĵʦ˵ҲǾţһë
ѦĶܿ죬죬ѦһҰ˾ֱˣôһͻȻҪԴ
Ʒѡ켶ĸ֣ŮһĶΪĸ֣ÿһϵϢʮֵǿͿ£֮ǰƷɱı
ؼǣÿһӵǿİ飬ڲǸ׳ǽаģÿһгǹ֤Ҫʱ򣬿Զǹ֧
ЩɵķһʧǺǰҲһ޻ء
ڳĳɣܿͳ˲֪¾ͽˡ
ȻƷҲΪ֮һǧĹӶãһʽȻҲʰ׺Ԥ֧ģ׺ȻҲ֪˽ںͳƷ˵飬˸ǮҲʹ죬ҪƷķֺҲԶԶ⻹Ķˡ
ˣƷȫģȫս߿


269 ߿٣˽
һµʱ䣬ںܶ˵գۼŵһСʱѣȻ׼߿ѧ˵ǾͿ˵ֶ룬ÿһÿһ붼ôҪÿһÿһĶܷŹ
ǲܶôĲԸһµʱ仹Ƕɹˡ
ڸ߿ֻҲʼԤȻÿ궼ôһΣÿһΣ߿Ҫʼʱ򣬻ǻѸײڶ֮ƳΪᶼעĽ㡣
ů紺ĳУߵСС
Ӱϲϵı仯Ѹײڶ֮ƲϵĽ֡



һսһĳڰײĽӰ
ңңԣ
ӰһǳƷһͬסһСģ歡
ڶ̶ʱ䣬˫Ѿʮ֮ࡣ
ǳˣһ˾еľӢ歿ڣ
м·ܹƷǾ׵һս
ϧһΣҺ͸ȥش˾ϵˣӦܹü
̾˿еϧ˵
Ǿһеʮǿ鵢ˣ֮ǰļѵǿ϶Բμӵġ
ǾܹѾɴ˵һսˣ
Ʒ˽Ǻ𺳵ˣ˵ʵҲԶԶûһ˾еľӢ𺳡
һս֮ͳ˴˵ڼѵѧظԵѧУ֮Ѹеĸ֮
ʱ䣬Ҫ˵ϼ飬ˡ
νľеһ궼Уһ֮еľӢʮ궼ѵһ顣
иȫ˼飬Ҫֻ֪ڴ֮ǰƷѧѧп˵һץһѡ
ڣȴѾΪʵľеһԭǸ˼ѵ֮УҲһʱǺܿ͹ȥˡ
Ƕ飬Ҳ˳ƷλҲ˲۳ƳƷΪƷɲֻǻ˽ǽÿǰǿǰǿһ飬ЩƷһס˴֮ʵ࣬ɴ˿ɼһˡ
ԳƷλǷǳ˳ģûһ˿һĲ
Ʒ΢΢һЦȫĹϵĸһֱš
һתۣѾһµʱȥˣ߿Ҳں쿪ʼˡ
һµʱ֮УƷʵָһǵնɱʱͻƵس嵽أֱӳ۷塣
ʵſµظѶȣ㲻ſµɨصĸҲǺܼ򵥵顣
Ϊһ˶ŬֻԼΪÿÿҹķһ̶и
һ֮ףԼ̫ˣǽң̣˵Ƕһ޴ޱȵȻ
Ҫ벻ȻֻƴԼʵ
ٿҲоһֻ㱣һۣȥˣǸʱ歶˵ǲɻܣ߸ϵľһеľӢѧȴѾסȫԼʮˡ
Ҳ̫˰ɣҹȻȲЩ̬
һ̾Ϣȴߺ־ųǹվڳ£ɵƵ˵
һվڳµĻ˼꣬µϴŵЦݣ·ǰһĻѾʮˡ
һƷҲᾭ뵽Լ¼д裬ֺ
Ӧ׼ȷ˵ǳƷָС
ƷȻԼΪҲֻǸһˣϾеʵļ䣬Ȼңվ۽Ƕ
ڳƷָ֮£ͬΪͻͽл正˾һд裬֣Լ
ƷĵȻģž˼ˣǶ۷壬ֻиߺ־ΪףҲ۷壬Ҳֻһܹء
ȻϱԹǸߺ־ԼȴѾǷǳˣΪ֪ԼѾǳˮƽˣˣ歶ĸͱͿ
ֻгƷ˼һ˵ٶȷǲǱ̬
˼꣬дһ°ɣҲҪ̬ˣֱ̫ˣ歶˼˵һԵĳƷ
˼˵ͷˮһ˱䳡̨ϡ
ƷҲ˳¿뿪̨ƽʱһԼҪдҲǼ쾳ıڣǶǾӢѧˣսȫĳƷֲ˶á
ֻЩ쾳ıڣܹʩΪ


270 ߿ʼ
ΪЩ쾳۾˱ҪԶԶȳƷĶˣƷȫҲõô˵Է
ʱ֮УƷĽҲʮԵģЩ۾˱ڶ棬ǶǺ쾳ĸ֣ι׳ʵ۽Ȼ˵
֮ͬƼ֮ͬ꣬еٮٮ߲ѧļҪ
ƳƷӵľ˳ɳٶȵģҲʮټġ
ҳƷǵĽȻںͳƷ֮вҲ˽
Ǻ˵ָƷ٣սϣЩ϶Ǵ˶ľӢȴܹƷָܶ㡣
һ֮УƷһس嵽۷壬ҲٲЩ˱ڵָ㡣
ʱƷֵܹĸоǵĴڣ϶һ˿ģȴ׳ֱĵط
˳Ʒĸ֪֮⣬˼ҲܲЩ˱ڵĴڡ
ƷҲɵøпȷʵǺרҵıڡ
磬ϴνҵһסʥ˾ѾأһӰٵ˹ܵ˳ƷߣǻЦ
ȴǱˣǳ档
һµʱ֮УƷԼ֮⣬ָóƷУڸһסʥ˾ҲһƷڹѧǳŴ֮УһΪǿŮԸڹ
ȷʵҲ츳ѣޡʥ˾֮󣬲Ƕ̶ʱ䣬ѾͻƵء
֮⣬ƷҲΪĸѡһƷĹתޣϾȻЩڣǹףֻԼǿȫģľԽǸôҲԽƷȻҲϣĸܹ೤
˶꣬ӼΪĸĸתƷ֮ټϳƷ֮ǰ˺ܶǮֵҩӪƷȵȡ
Ŷ̶µʱ䣬Ѿ۷ˣͻƺҲֻʱˡ
ȻսԾͱĶˣʵսȾ绹һЩˣҲöʮ־ϲˡ
һ»ഺĸо
ڶϳ°֮⣬ʣµʱ붼֮УͻƵ쾳硣
óĳ˽µĻ˵ûʲôܹΪƷģΨһΪģǱԼƷ鷳ˡ
ʥ˾ҪľǴøֻҪĸȹ̣ôֻԽԽ죬ǰ;Ʒ˵
ֻ֪˷ܶѣ˵ͷ
пûаգֱܲϾһУƷʵ
п͸߿Ҳһģÿ궼һΣֻ˵ûôע⡣
û⣡ЦǺǵ˵ȻҲŸոտʼֻǳⲻǺܴǽޣҪҲѧϰΪ
Ʒ˵ͷ⵹Ҳǣڳ֮ǰΪСԻϻѧϰΪΪϾ˶ûгɣ̫ͣҲܲˡ
֮󣬾Ϳʼ䲢ˣְ֮󣬾͸Բͬˡ
磬ѾǾеһٺ٣ûǣϢʱ򣬶ɵ濩һЦ˵ԺҲҪѧϰҪΪеһ
أȺúѧ˵ɣ˵ΪеһʲôҪΪҪΪеһƷʱԺ֮иֳһӰһѹѧĿֲڡ
磬߿ҪСģ˵Σգ˵
һģ
Ʒ˵ţ۾ңԶգ߿Ҫܶһʱ䣬ΪĲһô
һսʤ
߿ڻڶˡ
ո߿̣ɵĿƵĲֻ֣ǶĿƺ˵ǿԵĲǳͬȻǶΪĿˡ
ưѧΪĿ˱׼ȻҪԶԶĿưҪϸĶˡ
ֻѰֵĸ߿һָ߿֮ЩѧУԼĿˣÿһζǼ;ӢŵѧҲԼˡ
ѧΪעĿΪԼ׳ɵĹѧ˵һģҲǵ״Ԫ
ѧУĿ˵ѧĿˣҲҪҵĶˣѧУһϵĴڡ
ڳƷ˵ǰĴڿ˵ĲָʲôĿƳɼҲܺãԷɿٶȾˣֱӵõһĳɼ
ѧҪ󣬾ưѧĿƳɼҲʸ񱨿ѧյȫŵ
һ죬һ磬Ʒһ磬˶һУһǰѧμ˵ѧҪＯϣĿ˵أҲؽ硣


271 ʮ
һ磬һеУſڣѾɽ˺Ϊее֮ĵһĸУȻҲʥء
һһ磬ѧһ磬ǶһԼѧҲ⣬׷׸Ϊľ뿴Щȫиظѧǡ
Щѧ֮еľӢ֮оӢ֮еľӢ֮еţҲΨЩˣʸȥμѧˡ
˵˿ǧĴǣʸμѧģʵҲʮ˰ˡ
϶Ǹ֮еٮٮߺ;ӢһҲ˰ˡ
Щ˻ǧ֮࣬⻹ǽֻ϶еĿôĿȫֱǲ
˲ȫྫڡ
˳ָʾƣƷܿ˾еѧ֮Уһμѧ˵ģʮ֮࣬Ǹǰǿ
һȥ϶ϵΪûѧﵽΪֻ֪Լ˿ɾͲֻȡˡ
ΪμѧÿμѧѧʶǳҲһɡ
һɿûʲôӴĲμӿ˵һʮӴˡ
Ժܶ˸ǰμӣʵǿμӣǳҲûĿˡ
һҲһֻμ˶ѣԭĴͳǿ١ȻԶȽ֮⣬˳Ʒ˼꣬ߺ־顣
ѧУǿϯ
ʮԭϯŷҲѾȴȷʾμѧǿʮУѧ廪ѧ
Ϊ廪ѧҲǼٮٮߣȥμѧĿ˵ĻڻҶ硣
ǿأ֮УҲǵ׶ѣοء
ڱŷҪһЩֻﵽأǿʮУ׵һ˵ҲѾǽ߾ȫˡ
߿пᣬһڸѧУ֮еķŵľӢ֮ǲֻѰ֮һˡ
歶ڳƷ̬Ѻ֮⣬ľѧƷԴżָӵζ
Ȼ˳ƷѾǾеһʵǺʣǸоֵֹġ
ͬһ꣬һ֮ϣ˭ء
ƷҲںʲôߵһϣԱ˼͸ߺ־
ʱ١Ȼ˹˳Ʒǰͣ
ƷһҪ㣡Ƚ˶٣˵
ԱߣԶ١ȻĿɨ˳Ʒϡ
ʲô飿Ʒʵ֮ǰ֮ΨһûǰˣԳƷ˺кøС
˵˽ѧһֿ˵ôԶʵ
һֿôˣӦҰɣƷ˵
һ֮УȻҲ˹ΣÿѧĵһԶҰ棬û⡣
ҲǾн֮Ի֯һμѵԭ򣬾ΪѧܹϰҰ棬ѧʮУ˵һ֣ҲҰ档
ǸУ֮Ĭ
ǽ겻һԶѧؽ֮Уÿһ˶ؽ磬Ƕؽ֮ѡһЩطҰĿˣ
Ʒ˵ͷ˵ѧʵʮУҲؽ֮У֮⣬кܶصѧҲؽУ
ҲǷԼѧͬʱҲǷӶؽ֮еԴ
֮ǰû˵ʮı̹ݵôԶʵ
Ʒʱǰʱֵķзһʱĵʮݵˡ
ʵϣȻʱ׼鷸Ƶ˻кܶ࣬ЩЩЩǱŵһΪӵΪھԴһֱΪԼˡ
ʮһطƼ׼ķˣǾһطǰʱȴ˹ˡ
ֵˣ̣פصľȫûһʱᣬΪ̶ļơ
ϻкܶ˽ҪһʹĽѵǲҷ
˵ʲôϵƷʵ
ûʲôϵģһѧˣǶУŷУУеĿĿ˵ص㣬ʮ١Ȼ˵


272 ྫӢ
Ʒδ˵ߺ־Ѿǵһˡ
ΪЩŵĶһЩʲôĻɫɱ˷ŻУǶǺܳģϾĶ
ˣһǹ˶ǱǣŻὫǾۼŵĳЩΪӣȴԴĵΪɼԴһֱˡ
һطȻΪǵĿһο˵Σճ̶ȣҲǰδеġ
ڶŷеѧ˵һս
ΪÿǶвμѧĶǧˣ˵ϵʮټؽ֮еôĻУһ𿼺˵Ļʵ̫ӵˡ
԰ϰҲֵͬĵطпˣֻû뵽һΣֵеĿˣȻ˵Ķӡ
ȻĶҲˣ׼Ķˣ֪жôײˡ
԰ʮŻѾݺܾˣЩֻ¶˰ɣ
ߺ־ͻȻ˵
ΪоƬоƬ֮趨˳ֻ֮лһ뿪ͻӭϵǼڵĴǶ뿪
١Ȼ˵ΪˣЩ˲׼һεѧǾΣصģԺܶõϢˣѾһСˣʱСӵʽӣˣÿһ࣬ٵСӣ
Ʒ룬ȷʵΣأǻӣЩ׼ﷸΣյġ
͹ǺˣҲţѧѡΪֻǺѣ˽̷ĥЩѧ֮⣬ͬʱҲѧЩ̷뷨ɡ
óƷʱһֱĸоѧ֮ǰ֯ļѵֱڿЦǹҼһ
֯Ǽѵĥʱ򣬻Ϊǲ󲿷ֵΣգѧȴǽھԵΣ֮С
ܹ˫˼·߽ͬǶֻǺӶѣﳤɵĻ䣬ҪСĺǻ
ѧѾǵᾫӢԴôһоʮ˳ˡ
ܹμӿ˵ѧѧ֮еľٮٮߣǾУҪרһ֧ģľ񲿶Ҳס
ѧĽѧѾһɷǳǿˡ
ѧǵѹЩ̷ͬʱ̷ĥЩδѧѧһʯ
ûԣƷ˵ͷ
˼͸ߺ־ҲԳƷհƷӦˣҲûʲô
ѧǿǰȥѹЩ׼Ĺ߷ˣߺ־ɵ˵
ΪѧѾľӢʱ˼ƽ˵õԴôΪܶ͹ݣҲȻôȨǶԵȵģ
ԶҲĿ˼꣬û뵽ܹ⵽һʵϣеһһûԶԶ˵ԴǱṩԴѧУṩʦԴҩԴṩָĽѧ𣬻ΪбܲĽ̲Դȵȡ
ϴѧʼͲֻȨҲʱеԼˡ
ȻͬһСӵˣǰǵĺ뷢ңҸǷһ֮ǰǲ鵽ĵʮϣҲϹԶ˵
С֮УʵڳƷӶ࣬ϾƷʵȻҪĵطֲˡ
Ʒлˣ
ʡȥܶʱ䣬һϾʹ˹һ
ʮ֮ԻڣΪһ͵ʯ
ļ۸˵һƷʯܹʮļ۸񣬵֮󣬾ܹʯ֮еտЧϺü
ҲЩǮȨӵΪͻͽҪһأǲǮƷʯҲΪƷʹá
һ͵ĿʮĿҲѾٿݽˣһֱзĺ
ΪĻʵ̫ˣʮרҵĵ飬ܿһսоｻֹʮֵĻңγɿֲ籩
ֿ񱩵գҪǿյĻֻᵼȫ⵽شոȥͷˣصﶼҪˡ
˶ӵĵطûпôʲôôأҪϳĺһֱڶ
һѧȥܻһˡ


273 ֶԸ
һѧѹһ׼Ĺ߷֮ʮܻܿᱻ
ҲΪˣЩ߷˲ſܻ֮ǰӵ
ѹԶ˻ҪԼˣĵطȷʵΣأֻµǹƥѧɡ
ͻȻЩ֮ΪѹЩ߷ˣ䱸ͻǵǱߵʱЩ߷˾ͿŻ׳ˣǲôߺ־ɵ˵
һ뵽ЩΪػĻ׳Լӣߺ־ɵе㵹һ
ˣʵһжס
ģΪǵ飬֮䱸ͻʵкŵģһ飬ԶеĿоƬԴװã֮㱻õ˼ǹҲջûʲô𣬻׼䵽ǵҲʱ˼˵
ǻãߺ־æһδӣ룬ҲˣˣѧҪĥҲƽȥ
˭ǳƷأһԴһ󲽿˾е֮С
ʮ׷׿˹ȥһɫżֽ꣬ĸߴһս׶
һеѧ
˶Ӧ˹ˣԣǶһеѧ˵ǿһϼһڶ˿֮ΪѧĵطκһץطǾӢѧٮٮߡ
ѧԱ˶ǿǾһ֮еٮٮߣҲԱȥˡ
ǳƷ
Ʒվ˵
һ˰ɣл˵ѧ˵
Ʒüͷ΢壬ѧɫżֽǿҲǴе⣬ΪƷĸ֪ǳŵǾƷĸ֪
ԳƷҲûоܾҲ֪һеѧǸʲô
ڶһУֻһʶˣǾѹʮ꣬ͬø졣
֮⣬ûʶˣ
ѵǳԼνľеһͷô
ҲûпܣȻһеѧʮֽĶӣûзϣǱϾеĵһҲпз硣
һƧĵطȻǸѧ˵ҽһ£ҽģ
Ǹѧ˵꣬͵ųƷ¶һȻ;飬ǳƷһȻ·֪һ
ҲֻܰƷǸӣֶû˵ڶеһô˲֪
Ϊʲô飿Ʒüͷ΢ʵ
ǳõܰɣǸĶ˶٣˵
û
ƷüͷˣѵΪģ
û뵽ҳ˳֮⣬Ȼһһģ
ʲô˵ɣƷ
ĸ˵ãˬ죬˿Ǵһ̸еģǾǶһеĽڣڸ磡
ҵˣǴҵģƷʱ
ļ״æ˵Ҳô裬ڸͽڵ֧ϵȫͬͽĶԹûʲôȤ෴ģ˽ڸ練ܸˣ
ƷʱˣǽȻϵӵܿ϶ֻôһܹǽӳΪǺɨ޵УĶȡĸ߿״ԪĻ˴֮ľʮּҵġ
ȻͽǾϵ
ԽڶڳƷͽ֮ĶԹܣһ¡
˵Ǹĸ׽ҵΪˣںǧҪȫҵͷĵ˵ʱҲɵþһΣѧ˵ǧһʾ޿
㵽Ҫ˵ʲôֱ˵ɣĨǵˣƷ
Ҿֱ˵ˣڸ˵ˣֻҪΪڸһ飬취ýҵȥͣĵ
Ʒüëһ˵ȻڽҲǺ˽⣬ҲףҵǺĽײĳԱӦֻһ͵ĺ󱲶ѣ̫Զˡ
ļסƷ㿪˵ȻڸĿǰڸĸ׿ϾںһƽһҵΣӰʵ̫ӣڸĨڣֻҪڸĸڼ𣬽ҵ㲻Ը⣬Ҳȥȡͣ
Ͼֲ㽫ɱģ㲻˳֮ѣĻ˵
ŶҸ֪Ǹڸ磬Ҫʲô飿Ʒ
ڸҪֶԸ죡
ͼذ


274 һܣ
ĿųƷ˵˾֮
⻰һһƷԺʱˡ
ʱ˺ܶ飬ȻǶǱһ֮ѹƵĶǧʧȥ˹ʣڶһ֮ҲٮٮߣѧĵʦڶãҪѧ
ڶ֮Ҳֻһֻ¾ǳֱӾ֡
˫ĹϵֻҲΪˣ򲻻ҵԼ첻Ըõˡ
úôʵҲûʲôֵģǶˣǳҲһССˣүүСΪ죬ͰеԴ˵нĻԻͣǽڰӦõõĶнģĿųƷյ˵ѵһͲôûг죬ܻõԶԶֹǽ̶ֳȶѣ
ҪôƷʵ
ļ״ֻ˵ĳƷĶˣϾôһѹԼø磬ֻҲĻʣԹޡ
νգ
ܼ򵥣ҪͳӴʱ򣬸¶ŪһɫζĶҩû֪µģģҲŪģϾŪһǳ鷳飬ֻҪʧȥμһѧʸ񣡡赭д˵
Щûʲôư಻ͬĿư࣬Ϊ˶Ժ˱ֹƽʵ߿һεĻᣬеڶεĿܡ
Ͼһ꣬ӵеʵ̫ˡ
ʧȥһεĻᣬôҲͱˡ
ܹнʮУǺѧĲ໹ǺԵġ
ܼ򵥣ֻҪܹǵԱôĳ𣬶һýҳ˵ͨأֻоԼʤȯˡ
ǲΪʤȯˣ˼ҾܾƷһȻ˵
ʲôĶʱסˣΪһҲûƷȻܾˣҺԥľܾˡ
һԥûС
Ϊʲô޷ŵ˵֪ӦǺܲԸŶԣ
ƷЦһ˵ǻ˼ȥһҵ飬ΪʲôˣΪͺͬô
ԣǺôϣҲǾԲַʽƷ˵
Ҫ˵Ʒܳ죬ԼţڹȥʮʵһֱӰүүҲƫǸԴҲ˺ܶ졣
ôûԹҲʱ޿̲ܳ죬֤ȳǾԲַʽ
ΪǺֱ˵ȷʵͲ죬ⱲҲϲϳҲûʲô
ȫûƷȻ᲻ͬ⣬ӳƷ֮п˼ֳ飬ʵ̫ˡ
ǳ죬ǳƷһᡣ
ҪƲԳԷƣ˲¶˼飬Ϊ֪֮󣬻㷴ڵô
˵ţһֱסҪ뿪ĳƷ
ô㻹ңƷüͷ΢
Ȼ㲻ԸԳ춯֣Ǿֻ㸶ˣ˵
˵ţһɲǼ䣬ͳˣһ㣬׼ݣֱӳųƷĲķץ˹ȥ
һ֣Ʒжϳʵأ
ʵȷʵſʸҪ֪УҲŲֻһ˴ﵽأǿҲֻ۷塣
ȥĽĻһ˾ɨƽеĸ
һΪеĵһУѧʵȷʵֲ
ʵ꣬ҲᾲеһˣȴҪΪЧ֪ڵʵֻǿ
ǶκһеѧĻֻҲƫƫϵǳƷ
ĳӥצһǵ¶ЦݣΪԼܹץסƷĲʱȴ֣Լ־ȻӳƷĲ֮д˹ȥ

Ӱ
ƷʱڶˣɲǼ䣬һһɨ˳ȥȭͷͬشһݺݵĵؿڵĵط
أ
ĸ㲻Լ־ѾܿˣǳƷٶֻ죬ɲǼ䣬ֲľɨĵϡ
䣡ĺݺݹ䵽˵ϣֻöһƬһػ
Ȼս׵ıǻɨ
վվˡ

ƷЦһתȥͷҲء


275 һս
ƷͷҲصľ뿪ˣҲȥʦϾԲˣп˵ȥ
ڵϣؿڣһÿһκоޱȾҵʹ֪˵ࡣ
ֻһȭѣͱˣ
⳹׵ĻеĽԭ𶫻һ֮κˣƷݺһơ
ɶ񣡡
ð죬ĲվȻУ԰ȥܿһִĽ¥ǰһҵĴţʱڽҵУһĸߴ걳ֶĿԶ
ڸ磡
ļѿ˵
ˣôӦôǸ꿪ˡ
ĿеǸڸ磬Ҳǽҵһϵӵܽڡ
ڸ磬ûдӦĶ˶٣ջǿ˵
ʲôûдӦֻˣ˲תɫ˵ݿʣ뽭мƣ˭ó˶һģݹϵ
ʧˣˣļѵ˵ܲģҲԸӳϣȻҲʵ
Ȼܻ㣿ڵ֮е㲻š
ǳ֮⣬ʱͻȻ֮ǰƷϵʱһͲŵϡ
ǾƷһ˾еĶһ˽
飬ڶ֮УҲһ췽ҹ̷Ͳ顣
ûзϣ飬Ҳ֤ˣеˮƽȷʵ̫ˡ
ڶеĻǸ飬Ϊеĸ̫ˣǸˡ
Ժиֳһ˵Ӱ޵У
еѿ˵
Ҳû˵ԼǱƷһлܡ
ƷͲܵ͹ˣ˵漴һ֣νˣҲһ÷ȻԸǾˣߺߣƲԳԷƣȵ˵ʮеǻʰǧ򰡣һǮҲҪأ
ڵ֮˸ź˵âҲֻһ³ƷҲˣȻ˲ʶôǾͱºˡ
ǧ򣬶Ľҵϵӵ˵Ҳһʾ޿
ˣȱˣȽʮֵһʰˣڵɫʮ
ͷһ֦Ʒ뿪֮󣬸ոջص˾еͷһӰ˳
Ǹ絶ĸߴһɫսףл硣
ˣƷüͷ΢΢һΪȴǱˣǸѹʮģ˼ҵĺӣø磬졣
Ǹһۿ˳ƷҲȻ
ôˣƷʵ
ֵ֮ĹϵҲ̫á
ѣҲû뵽Ȼܹ쵭˵ü֮䣬ͳƷơ
ôƷüëһϴżֳЦݡΪֻ
ܹߵȷʵǳҵ֮⣡
˿еľȣ֮Уƺκһ˶пΨгƷܣΪʵ̫ƽˡ
Ʒų죬ΪԼټԼøʱ򣬻̲סأһĳƨһĸ߰ˣŷ֣ƺҲûôΪλñˣ뷨Ҳͬˡ
˵ղ㱻ĸˣͻȻ˵
Ұи¶ҪûлμһεѧƷ˵
üͷ΢˵һЩùֶΰˣ
Ȼ첢⣬ͽڵжҲһˡ
ҲҪСˣǸڲǻưոݵԸ񣡡Ҳ˵˽ҶͣǧһСĿʮУЩ֮ͽǧͷϣ鷳ٲˣ
˵Լ֪
Ʒ
˶֮󣬳˵ǲǻүү⣿
Ҳʲô⣬츳ӦԴüҵϣΪǼұϾʲô˼ңȻ˵ǼȻ츳ǱϾȱݣûǸ츳
Ʒ˶˵ҿүүҾԲܹܣ˵ЩҲûʲôˣΪЩҲҪˣ
֪һֱңҸһᣬڵʵлսҵʱҰɣ˵꣬;ֱת뿪ˡ
走ôװƣƷ̲ס²˵С󣬳춼ôһʤȯյװ
ŰɣѾǸ˷ϵĳƷˣ


276 ֲĶ
Ʒص˾ѧ
ԣһεѧˣֻҪԶԶΪĻҪΣա
ԽˣƷȴ֣ԼԽ˷ܣһѪڵĸо˿ûִ¼ĽŸС
һеʲôղøˣߺ־ǰ˵۲ųƷ飬ΪΪƷĺֵܣƷͳһֵ֮ĶԹ
ֻǰƷһҲѵüһγ죬˫ҲһϵĴڣ˵ʲôԹ˵Ƕүү̵Ĳġ
ƷͳԼûʲô̫ĶԹ
첻мһˣƷҪ֤Լ˫ĻԹҲԽԽ
ÿһᵽ죬Ʒɫá
һΣƺһˣƷ鵭Ȼ
֪ˣ·ˣƷ
ûвȻŭΪڵ˵һѾһˣŭѾΨһˡ
һеУ԰УǧԶкͶееľӢѧۼ
Ʒ˺ܿյ˽ַ淢ϢһΣѧӦķɴѾҪˡ
һǵصһ޴Ӱ˶һеϿգͶӰӣȻһȫסˡ
Ҫ֪һȻֻһУȴȹʱܶѧҪϲ٣һսȴһлҪӴ󣬿֪ж
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277 õĻԿ
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ҲǲŸոշֵһ㣬Ϊ֮ǰڵƽͣҲûз־Ȼֹܡ
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281 ŵĻ
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Ʒߵǰ΢΢һأصĸְ𵱳ĽҪǿһεĴڡ


282 ˣƾ֮
һصǿڣӾ˵ǱȽҪǿһĴڡ
ǾʵʸƷĸоȴûеصֻصĸо
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෴ģ˱𵱳Ľֻǿֻǿ
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ЩȱоƬƣûа취ʹãǲЩûа취ʹˡ
׵
Ʒˣ뻯׵ٶȼ죬Ƭ֮䣬Ѿɱǰ

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һʼæңٵȡЩ˵ս飬˵ʵҲڷٵľסš
Сģǣս׶ûУܷӳȫʵǿԷֽ˼˵Щ֮У˼ıΪɫģȻҲҪصĺ˵Ľһ˾͵ס˶Է˵Ľ
ս׸ȫػסʱԲȡ˻˵Ĵ򷨣ԼһսףԺЩӲӲ
Ҳû취ǿɶѪֱ֮նһ군ˡ
˵õ˼֮Ҳʱǰһǰǻսףʲôµġ
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ǵ˶࣬Խ½Ļһ㣬Ͼʵ̫ˣǻЩѧأѧԶս֮С
һʱ䣬潩סˣһʱ֮䣬ȻҲֲʤЩҲû뵽ЩѧôѲ
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˶Ŀ⿴˳мҽֵĳƷǸĺ졣
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283 ôҵ
ʱƷǸĺ˵սҲѾ˰ȻĽ׶ˡ
˵Ӧ˵Ǹĺѹ˳Ʒ
ľܹӳսҲԶƷƵǣһѹ˳Ʒģһֱûа취ѹƻΪƴӶܳƷ
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ʣǱΪһһϳ֮ѡЩ׼ĺ˺ܶҲͨʣֻ˲Żᱻץûа취ȡ
Ψһ̵ܹľǿս飬ǳƷսҲǲضãȻܹƴ
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ʳڵνˣһҪ˺㣡
ŭһһΪǿ޳ģ˶ɱģͳƷȫͬǰҲǸ츳һͨˣ޳ƷֿԴȱˡ
ǳƷȻ·磬Ǿһ֣ȴ޷ܡ



һײ˫Ĵ򷨶ֱܴһһĿԷŴֱûһ˿һУȻʵϲΪֲģһеĻ롣
꣬꣬꣡
һսƷ½ĺܿ죬ȻͬĺüǱϾ£ȫӡ
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ļһһҪǰݺݵĥ㣬Ȳɱ㣬Ҫ㿴ֽűһһĳԵһ
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ƷһȻӱİͳһҩֱҧƤеҩȥʱ͸оԼڷٵĻ
˿һĻ±ˣǸ˸ǿеֱ顣
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Щ˸ˣ׷׷ĽȥԲЩѧл̷ҩĻҲֻˡ
ڷٵĻƷֻоĸоʵ̫ˣܹսһֵĻɲǾеġ
Ʒǰ˵ˣһĥĻᣬһȫ·ĥĻᡣ
ʵҲѧѹЩ˵ĸ⣬ĻֲǣֻҪоӿͿԽЩ˻С
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284 ͻƣ
Ǹ˸ܳˣƷǿվҲûͻƵأֻҪûдﵽأûʲôµġ
صУ޵еģ
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һײڳ֮ײһ𣬵Ǻ֮ǰȫͬһΣ˲֮ǰȫռϷ硣
෴ģռϷˣһֵƷˡ
ӵصľĵȻֻܷӳصʵҲԶѰء
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һײһµһĻ˲ͱˡ
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Ʒһâֱڰбһ޴ıըȻնȥ

ֻᵶֵֻȫĳƷ֣ʩչ׵жôĿֲ
׵ٶȺͱһֵ쾡¡
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˱ֱˣÿһƾһ֣Ƭ̼Ĺ֮ǰȫռϷƾһήȥ
Ŀ죬ʧȥٶȸ죡
ܿ죬˵ı仯Ѿ˵עǿһĻɵõһ
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ڣǸڳƷǰȴĸһһ
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ʱǸ˲п˵Ʒĵʵֲ̫ˣڳƷûй˼ȫ֣ȫʵӳ֮׵Σճ̶һΡ
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ŻоǰδеĺãСϪȥһӺԳƺӳӵѶȣͬն
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ͻ֮󣬳Ʒʵһ޴̨ף֮ǰܹɾ޴ѹĵˣʱϣһŲȥ
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ʱ˳˼궼׷׺һĴսʵ̫ˡ


286 ϵأ
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նɱ˶ֵĵһʱ䣬ֱһƨ
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ʮ꣬ȻεĶ۷壬֮ǰƷľƽձ鶼ϵΪƷֻԶԶɨһۣһжϣ޷жϳÿ˵Ϊˣ֪ʮȷʵǿ
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һǰ꣬۷壬һΪټİˣ𷢱۵꣬ĸߴھųɾŶǻ˵УҲ൱ټġ
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287 ǧ
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ѧˣǲңǽңǴ壬ҦѧȻܹηƣ
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ƷҪʼһɱʱأ֮УһȺ֮͡
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299 
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ֱڿдһ޴ޱȵı죬һ۾һĶֱӳųƷɨ˹
ֳޣһܹ߰˳߾Ѿʮ˵ˣǽȴһĵز˲ɨ˹
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һ޴ޱȵĺͳײһ໥ըһ޴ޱȵĺ
ʱ֮΢ǸѲĶ֡
˴ʱҲʼûж֣ΪǴʱڵű˴˵ĶӳԷǾͿ˵°빦ˡ
ֻǱ˴˶ţöԷ֡
һδ֣Ķ죬ٶȺɨ̫ˣһһ
˻Կڹ
ƷгҲǲضã

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ٶȺˣеĸֱóԹأϹԶԶʤأҲϰԹأ˭룬ʱȻƷƵز̸ʲôԹأǱƷѹŴˡ
ӲƣƷƵġ
ͺܶƷĶһƵĸоƷٶȣɣ޿޵ģҲΪˣô֣оơ
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ǳƷԼһĸֶܵԭ
е˼̶ֳҪץһ
Ʒһ⽭ʵȻǱֻ֮»һЩ



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أһ֮󣬵ͷ˳ȥ˳ҷһѧ˶䵽˵ϣǿֲɨ˵ϣ˺ȫµĹͷһڵѡ
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һУһ˲ѡ
ʱŸոΪԼþˣԵõһڴϢĻᣬ˭֪Ʒֽˡ
һ׼ûУи֮Ҳûа취ˡ
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301 ǧ
һĸ첲ն֮󣬳ƷҲͷſ˽Сӵѧæǰ鸴ӵĿųƷ
ΪƷһ˵غأֱն˸첲նϵġ
˵أʵҲǺأΪִƼ˵첲Ҳٽϣѵ顣
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⻹ʼ涼ͬҦѧ壬𿴾ȳƷҪߣʵԷһж߲ȥͻᱻɱ
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Ϊ߱ʣ̫ҪΪˣʵ̫̫ˡ
һ֮룬Ҧ


302 ɾű
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ƷȷʵǾƽϵģ֪ҵʵǳѡ֮⣬ҺͽԣҺͲԣٶЩ͵ġ
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㲻һͷˣֻǲֲһӶǲƷ漴ƷŸߺ־˵λΪ⣬ֻǰ뿪ˣҲ飬ֲȥ⿼˲жʮͽˣʱȻʱ򣡡
Ŷ㣬ô׳ʲô走ǲ˳ȥܷͷԼҪȥһߺ־ǰ˳Ʒؿһ£Ц˵
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ǣλҾˣпճϵƷ˵ţһ˽ˣһ˻֮⡣
ųƷʧӰ˼սеĳ漴һԲת뿪ˡ
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ʱ޼ɵʼٶȱͱѰĹ֪٣Ϊʵ̫ϡˣһ̶ȺͷΧ֮ڵ޵ģСĸߵСԾۼطҪŨ١
վ޵ģȴͬˣŨؽĵطҪš
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ÿһԾܹɳȥԶģƷĶԽԽ죬ԼԼǺ˲һת
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Ȼֻһѣ
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죡
죡
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303 
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Ŷʱ䣬Ѿ˺һ۷ˣò˶ãܹͻƵأƷٶҲˡ
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һһɵصϣʮ̵ּصҲʱ֮УϵıѾѺۡ
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һһεĲͣĳһȫµľ磬ȫҵľ磬ΪɽͼĿռ֮УԳƷԲùǿ˵ͻϮȫȫĽһֶ״̬
ÿһȦڲϵ׳󣬶صÿһȦڼ
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304 𲻸ҹϣ
ͻƵ֮󣬳ƷʵͻԵ֮ǰҲǲͬնˡ
ʱһسˣⰤǿɲǳƷķ
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ִһܵķᣬһҪڷ֮ϵΪȴҪСĴۣԽҵҪһȻа취ģҲҪõĸֹϵԴȴǲСġ
ΪһĹϵԴ
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ܲģûңҲܲǻԹԵİԴң㶼Ҫˣȫү
ǸЦһϵɱҷڣΪȥΪ˶Ǽ˵ضĴҪնɱƷ
ҵԴôƷЦһ
Ǹ˲䶯ˣϣѾսʣųƷ˹
һǲҪ֪Щģ㻹ͷһԵҵľȴҵˣѾʸ֪ҵˡǺˣȥ˸ү˵ɱлӢ
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ƷеľӰսĸ죬ɲǼ䣬Ѿӭȥ

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306 Χˣʯ
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307 һɱ
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ƷҲѾ˳ǽո˳ǽʱȴǽһߣһĸߴЦһڴͷųƷһͷȻųƷ
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ĸߴʱ׷룬ͷ­


308 ɱ󶴣
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Уϧٶ̫ˣƷҡҡͷ˵
һٶͻãٶ汸ߣֱˡ
ƷȥʱѧǺѾսһˣܶδضЩʯ뷨ΪʯٶȻҲǧ˷ֵġ
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ԶԶģƷһս֮ϣֲڽ棬ǽֵʱ˸ûа취Ҳҿñˡ
Ӱһʽƣһ˳ǹƶһϺɨÿһΣ޴
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ıûб̷ˣָĹ̼ΪѪȺͲ̣϶ܶƵǱľֲӹ̵פ֮ҵƵϡ
Ϊ̶ˣԳƷһ̵ֱϣԵĶҲˮ档
ƷҲȻףǿнѪ֮Ǻεȿµ飬ǸƵ֮еĳЩˣƷеúë
ַͨĸˣܿӵǿսѪĲͬսҲвͬȻڸһķչ˵ǱҲֻҪڻҶѣûбҪһķչ
ܵõڲˣǷëǣ˵ǰꡣ
޸Ϊ޵Ϣ̫ŨˣҶһ˳кܴ𣬴޵ԻϺڳ￴ˡ
ڳ֮лˣ϶Ǳϴ˵ͨˣֻԶеĵطпܿ޸ˡ
ڣƷͿôһ޸ˡ


310 ɱѪ
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312 
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313 ɱڣӽ

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314 콵ˣ˼ͻ
ȵ˿󶴣ŷ֣սѾ뵽βĽ׶ˣѧѾȡѹԵˣѧһкܶûϡ
ЩҲܱǳѧˢֵҰˣ׷ױ֮ǰıɹܶѧˡ
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315 ɽ֮սĻ
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ŸϢ¶鵽̵޸ˣҲ˵֮ܿĴҶڲСײˣԱ˫֮һˣ°ˡ
ҲĿǰһġ
Ҳֻܹùˣ֮䱾У˻϶໥ɱǱѧƵ·ôĴ
Ҳܿ鵽ˣһ뿪ɽܵù˺ܿˡ
Ҳܿ췢ֻͣҪܹṩϢĽҶлܹҵڵģܹõҵһ顣
ʱһңƷȴ֪һʱǹ˲ˡ


316 ҵļ
Ȼûʱ鷳ˣһȴҵ˳Ʒ
˲Ǳˣǳ죡
Ʒ˼˵أȴʱ
л˵쵭˵
˼˿һۣȺ뿪ˣֵһ˵ĵط
Ҫң˵
ⲻǷϻôƷ˵Ҳûι뷨ûй
ֻǰͲںڳƷһ鷳ɣҲ͸⡣
һᣡ
ڣƷ
Ȼڣ
ҡҡͷ˵һº󣬼ϣһҵĻᣡ
䣿ʲô䣿Ʒʵ
ƷеɻΪͲ֪νļǸʲô
Ʒȫ֪ӣ㿪ˣҲǣûоЩ֪ҲǼֻǳҷ֧еķ֧֮⣬һһӴңӦ֪ɡ

Ʒ˵ͷ֪ģүүıгһգܹعҵңҲϣ˳ĳϣеԴʼųѻ
ǳƷһԹĸͿʼ
˾Ʒףûʲô˺飬Դ˻˽ġ
Ҳ֪ôһ£ΪǼҺϵǸҲټ츳ʵһ㣬Ҳδ
ǳҵıһǳӴļ壬鲼ȽҪСģ֧㲻ϣ˵үүʵǳұҵķ֧һֱҪعңŽϣҵϣΪҲһع鱾ңʱ򲻽ǼңǼҲкôүү뷨һ˵õȮ죡
ǾǸȮ죿Ʒһ˵
ԸҲãԸҲãⶼʵǰδֳʲôЩ˵ʲôôܴǼһعұңôҲλгףܹܵĴɾͲֻôһˣֻǺܵȻ˵
Ʒף˵ĺܵȻҲܲпᣬƫƫȴʵ⣬ȴܽܡ
˵Щ߿ֻ࣬ǽıʺ˵˶ѣЩûô˵ΪǵСôСұֻˣԴеһ˵ϣſϣ˵˵ֳ츳㣬ôǼȫԴӳɵ˾ˣڻΪܹߵ죬ƾŵϴ赤ɣ
ƷĬû˵ʲôΪһöϴ赤ͳĲԸӣвûԹȻʱգ۹ֹǿһǰ㣬Ȼף⿿ϴ赤ܹߵյ뷨ǶôɺͿЦ
⿿һöϴ赤ܹһеĻײһϣûˡ
ʵϣһĴӵܣܹܵԴԶԶȳҪĶ࣬һֱŵϴ赤ڴӵ˵ΪĴѣʲô
ڳɳĹõԴ˵ʮǽȴǻѹˡ
֪츳ȷʵͣүүؽϴ赤ҲȫΪǳֻռһֶѡ
ֻǺԽԽƫģľͷչ˳Ʒٵˡ
˵Ķԣǰ̫ˣҲһ飡Ʒ˵ǽҹˣ䣬ôһ£
ǳҼһ䣬ôˣȻ˶ǰֻг֮Ϊܳʸǰ˵ԭֻһ˱ȷǰμӼ䣬ӦҲܿѧδľӢͶȻʸ룡
˵ĻĻôƷʵ
ûÿļϣ˹̶ļ֮⣬ÿμӸ߿ĳӵܵıƴ棬Һ಻˲ű˵ܹڼϱֵ㹻ɫôǼҿ϶Ҳᱻ뱾֮УзּҵӵֱϵӵܵҪүүԸǼǽ֮ڣǸʮþȵ飡
㲻һֱҪôҲûбĿĴϻҸõˣõĻ˵


317 Ļȫ¼ȡ
ҰүүԸƷһ˵
ʱ˳ĿģܳƷҪܳҲãʲôҪڼϱֳɫʱԳƷͳֵܵĳɫ֣Ǳҵ۾ϹˣôҲܷŹĺӰ
ִļǰȫͬˣѪͳֻǺһ׼ѣǶǳڵĺ˵˭ֱ˭߹˭
Ҫѡα׼Ǳ츳ϵӵܹȻܹռݺܴıˣǷ֧ϵӵֻҪֳԼ츳ȴҲܹüࡣ
СõԴһǼṩģһ־ǳұṩġ
ôôĿѾԣҪƷô°϶
ͳƷͬСүүͷĳȻֵĲ⣬ȻλĺãƴȫҲҪүүԸѡ
һ̣Ʒܶ鶼ͻˣԭˣֻǲԸȥƽˣҲûбҪȥƽˡ
йϵôҪңõĻᣡ˵ԵʱͺúñְɣҵĿǻбҺͷּҵĵӣҪҪңõĻԿɣ
ת뿪νнԶûҹɫ֮С
磬Σ֮սʤΣҵĶԹһʹƷ˵
ҹĻ֮У΢΢һ٣漴Ǽǰȥͷ
Ʒ˵֮оԼȻһظĸо
һƲĽᣬһϯҿĽᣬװ⣬ȷʵˣ飬ûбҪ
δԲһССء
˼Ǽ̸֮ٻ֮ȴԵķ֣Ʒƺ֮ǰȫͬˣܹóڳһõķչ
ڶ죬ǧѧɢȥص˸פػ֮Уʱ䣬ѧҲûзڷУһѰ֮е©֮㣬һɱޣĥ
ĻԼ
Ϊ֪ǲǿѧǽѧ֮УӵļңԶԶȸҪҵĶˡ
ʱŬһ֣ѧһ֡
ʱʵẠ̊́ܶһգ۵Ĺ⼸ʱѾȥˡ
һҰս֮Уովһɱˣûü΢Ϣһ¡
˵εһ˺¼ȡϢ
Ʒ̽˳Ʒ˼ܹ֤Լܹѧ֮⣬Ǹߺ־ȽԶ١Ȼǳš
ƷһϢ
Ʒͬѧϲ㿼ѧУĴͥ
Ȼûʲô⣬ɱôĸ֣ôҲֲ
˼ҲһϢȻҲˣһžҲ΢΢¶˼ظ顣
Ʒҿˣ
ߺ־СĵĿһϢȻʱϲݺݱ˳Ʒһ£Ȼ󰤸ȥҪ˼ʱȴƷʹһֱ˻
˰
ߺ־ɵð˼䣬˭Ҳû˵ʲôһԵ˼꿴ֻ͵Ц
١ȻҲһ£ҲԼˣʱҲϲɫӳưһѧԾӢȻкܸߵļʻᱻ̭
Ϊܹμӿ˵ģĶĴڣ̭ʵ̫ˡ
£Ҫ̭һһṷ̂Ȼ˳ƷĸҪûгƷǺܾܿͱ̭ˡ
лл
ʱˢˢĳųƷһ˵
Ǻ͸ߺ־ͬߺ־ͳƷʲôϵܶ鲻˵׾ͺˡ
ǺͳƷĹϵɾûô׽ˣһллҪġ
λˣҲɴҵİأԺһУѣĻỹأ
Ʒ˵
ˣ֪Ʒ㱨ʲôϵʱ١Ȼǰʵ
ѧȻһֻĵطһȫŵĵطһ֧ѧ֮⣬Ҫѧǵһ֮
룬ϵƷ붼룬˵
ˣһǿѧʡºܶʱıĻͻƵġ
Ҳ뿴ִͳŴʲôֱȡ̣нĿԡ
ϵǿǲͬѧˣӦûѡ񱨿սָϵʱȥѡһ˰ɣ
֮ǣԶȻҪΪһˣѧľҲܶ࣬Ҳûʲôֵġ


318 ʦս
ҴŻȥ﹤ϵɣ١Ȼ
ҲˣҪϵ۲ǿһֱҵԸһֱҪ֪ؽǳǵǲһģȽ˵
ӦûѡϵɣǶлᴩƵĻףʱߺ־˵
ʱ˶Ŀ⿴˼ꡣ
Ӧû뿼ϵɣ˼˶٣˳Ʒ´΢ҧƷһ֮˵
˵־廨ţûһظˣΪˣ֮ĽŻ˾ʡ
ĿƵĲֲͬȴһˣߺ־˵֮ǰ˽ѧĿƲӦǲȡƵģһ༶һ༶ϿΣƵĻͲһˣһ㶼ǵʦƣʱǻᱻ䵽ͬĵʦ£
ҲͨĴžͨĺ۷ĵʦˣӢѧӦû쾳ĵʦˣǶƣɣǣǾ͸ǲˣ̵ܹǵʦ϶۷ĵʦԶ˵ͷ˵
ѧǴ󲿷ֵĴѧˣĿƲֶǴƣƵĲСƣܹ޶ȵѧǵʵ
֮Уĸʦ£ԵҪˡ
һ˵ʦԽ̵ЧҲԽôǰ;ҲԽĲ
˵ʦҲҪѧԴԽѧԽпܳɼڵʦ˵̵ѧԽǻõĻҲԽ࣬Խܹѧ֮жһòĺöԴ
һ໥ٽḶ́ѧʦĹϵҲӵȹ̡
Ʒ̾ƶȵĺôѧԵõõĽ̵ʦҲ˵õĺôѧʦֻҪ㣬ܹӱ
ǻ磬ŻµʱŻῪѧʱ򻹻һʦսһЩڸʱѾʦǿ˵ѧ֮⣬ǶҪμʦսʵԽǿܹĵʦҲԽδѧǰ;ΣڴһˣȽ˵
߿ˣȻ⻹һеʦս;Щѧδǰ;ˡ
Ѿߵһˣ˭ӱԶԶ˦ں档
ЩĽĿ˳Ʒ˼꣬Ϊ˵ʵԱѧҪǿһʱ϶ܹ쾫Ӣĵʦ¡
δǰ;Щֻܰ۷嵼ʦᲢ۵ġ
ͺľ̫Զˣ۷ĸ֣ȻѾˣ쾳ȴǷǳȻĴڣԸξ㶼һ𲽡
ڳƷ˵ֻǰѰӢʦ£ǻǲģȻҪһʦǵȻҪһõġ
ĻֻᱻԽԽԶĴݵǸʦҲа취óѧֻǳܾˣһˣһĥ
Ҳζºѧĵʦս䣬һĶ֣ǧѧǰǿӢӢѧ
ǲ̨
˼꣬˼ܹƷ֮еս⣬һʶĳƷΪǿĴڣҲ
ʱ֮ǰƷ˵Ǿ仰
ڣûô
ܿ죬ѧϢˣѧǿʼϣҪʼشѧˡ
ȵ֮ЩѧŻصؽ֮УǸʱ򣬷þҪѧԼˡ
һ·޻Ʒص˼֮󣬵һʱ䣬ĸƽ
ѧ飬ȻҲǳ˳ˡ
ڳƷҲȥμѧĿˣĳɺܿûôţ˵˶ڳƷĹעҲһֱ
һֱ˽ˣǲ֪һɳ˵顣
˶סˣҲˣС־ͺܳڣϳҵԴ϶ѻܹѧҲǷǳ顣
˵ûбֳʲô֮ĳƷһȴһˣһӿѧó˶𾪵ԭ
һʱ䣬Ʒүү̣󲮣ĸǰˣѯʵ֮е㲻š
һܵˣүүһĴȣʮֵ˷ܣԭһ͹ˣټһƷҪعұҲָտɴˡ
ȻǱϳ˱ңȲЩֵͬܣôӡ
ѧǳұ֮УÿܹѧҲֻһֶѣ󲿷˶ѧ


319 ף
֮ԳôƶѧͻյҼ룬ΪѧÿôӴÿ궼кܶ˸߿ܹѧȴǺܶࡣ
Եܹѧģ䶼ܵµӡ
ܹһӵܣǽѶȾͲˣοǳүүݺᡣ
ƷҲǵһүүǸƷסˣûǰǻԹߣʱоүүҲһǿִ˶ѡ
ȥ֣ԭˣֻǲˣҹˣбҪ顣
ۻһף֮󣬳ƷͽӵԭУĵ绰
Ʒͬѧϲѧ
绰ͶӰһˣ˷֮Ա
һǳ׵׵üˣʮԭǵôҪǣһѧѧҪ֪Уѧص㣬ص㣬Ҳֻһѡ
ǼܹʮᲢۡ
ûôüҲ֪ؼڳƷϡ
ȻĻ˼Ҳˣߺ־ǾûпܿѧģʮУϡ
ڣܹ漣ľǳƷ
һʱƷ绰ǰϲˡ
ͬϲϲ⻹ҪлУ࣡
Ʒ˵⻰Ҳȫǿ׻ҪûкİæȻ˵ԼܹѧҲô˳
ˣЩԼŬĽǵʦֻǶѣ˵ģҪһǸǵѧѧһݽǣŬϣΣ
ðû⣡ƷӦµļڣʱϵȻû⡣ʱǰ֪ͨһͿˣ
Ȼ֪Щѧѧ֮пܹܲѧˣΪٵĶ̫ǿˡ
ΨһεĿ֮ףȫྫӢ棬ԭѧУ֮еһŷҪȥμ˿ˣֻ»Ҳǻᱻˢġ
ֲȫλģİҲܵģʶߺ־Ƴɱİŷ
ϾԶ
̫ˣǾ͵ʱ֪ͨˣ˵ͷ
˳ƷͷҲûʲôˡ
³˫ڸոչ˻ĵ绰֮󣬳ƷͽӵԴʦ׺ĵ绰
СѣϲѧˣҲУˣ
һͷ׺ˬʵЦδš
״ʦϢǹͨģƷһЦ˵
飬˵ǲǾ֮Ͱˣ׺Ц˵οҲǹҵĺ飬㿼ѧ˵ҲǺ£
лļˣƷ˵
Ҵ绰أĿģһأ㿼ѧڶ飬֮ǰĶ嵤ڵһڷֳѾˣСܹ󵽵󣬴ʮңΪڲŸոտʼ󲿷ֵһҪͶ뵽гϵĿأҪļʦ棬ȵĿʮڵֳɣЩĿҵʱһݣҲԿ׺
Ʒ˵ͷҲûн飬⣬ȻҪ˽
һʮȷʵ࣬гŸո𲽣Ҫȥô棬ܹȶṩÿһʮڵȷʵ٣ȻҪƷ֮ǰǰԤ֧Ĳ֡
ܵ˵׺껹ˬˣǮӣ˵һȽõĺˡ
һףյˣڶҲˣأƷʵ
ҵˣʱ׺˵
״ʦЦˣʲô龡ܷԸˣСһȥƷЦЦ˵
Ʒ
أ绰ͶӰһͷͻȻֶһӰһϲͻȻһͷ
ȴǰ˭ء
Ʒؿڣװһδ˵İҪôĪĳֺòã
ǹȫҶǹȻĻػ˵
״ʦ˵¶Ҫ󣬸òɣƷ˵
ûģ׺˵
Ʒеֵ˵Ҳǵʲôܹⷽϰ״ʦİ
ڣ˵ɣƷԺͬѧҲѧֱ˵
ôܣ㲻Ҫˣжûϰɣֱӿѧˣ
Ʒ˵
ǣ
ûҾеģ벻ɣѾ˳ʦˣԴ˵


320 ϵ
һ˫ˮϸĽëգգ͵ĿųƷƺӳƷϿ𾪵顣
һ֮УƴϰһԾӼϰʦһ·˳ʦ
Ӷѧ
ѧܹô
Ǵʦ׺ŮҲѧΪרſһţ׺Ȼ̫ˣÿһҪŵĻôѧҲӵˡ
ܹУʵʵܹͣϳʦֱһ漣
ҲΪʲô׺ĺô࣬ȴֻһԽ̵ϵ츳ȷʵͣ
˵ǳ׵׵ĳһڶƷѹˣڳƷǼϰʦȻȴѾǳʦȫȫ˦˳Ʒһλ
ҲûйһҪϻһ˹
һ뿴Ʒȵӡ
ȻӦúܡ𺳡ϢƷҲֻǵĻظһŶˡ
ŶʲôŶ
޲ô绰ݺװƵĻ쵰
ǳʦϰģʦ˵
֪
Ʒ˵ﻹʮֳԾģϵ츳Ȼߵز˵ٹ꣬˳ʦҲǺܾˣ֮ͬоǳˣҲϲ𾪡
֮еĵʣͣҲͲֻӵĳɾ˰ɣȻдʦ׺㣬ǵҲһ˵ǹƥڵʵıҲһӴġ
ô츳ȷʵ˵ãδǰ;ֱǲ
еʵļ䣬ѵһСѾͷƬӸѹ˲ɡ
һ뷨˭ҲңҪŪһҪŪ
㻹ûгɣֵĲˣ
Ʒһ˵ǰӣһƵᣬƫƫӲǰΪ˳۵ӡ
¶𾪵ıô
Ѿʮˣ˵Ȼû꣬Ҳˣ
У״ʦ˵ĵ飬Ʒ˵
׺˵ͷ˵ûнѧϵҲһ£ҲǱϵɣʱϣܹһϾ󲿷ֵľϣȻϰ츳ҲֻǸոտڣѧĿ磬۸鷳չһ
ƷеɻĿ׺꣬ᱻ۸ǲأа׺ôһڵĴڣѾǶĸˣѧȨƼĵطҲɡ
ͶҲֵȼģȻߵȼһеһа׺ĹϵԼ֣˲ûУ治ࡣ
˵ǣһû¶ҲĪȥУǰ׺Ĵʦ
׺ٹ̣Ҳ֪ǿ߶Ƿ壬̷һӦʽŪĶ嵤ͷʢҲߣ˭ôҪȥ
˵ƷԼš
ҿûʲôҪɣͰ״ʦҿҪһ࣡
Ʒֱӵ˵
㻹е֪֮˵
ģȻе㱡棬Ҵݽѧ֮У׺˵
ƷŰ׺꣬ȫǲ飬Ǹһ
΢Ѳ׷ô

ΪʲôƷջʵ
Ϊ̫СˣСֱҴߣǳ軵ˣҲûзȻʲôǿ֪ݣкܶ˿ӽûзֱǷǵԸɴ໹ѧһֱ׺˵
ڣҶ˵ˣҿԷֱ˭Ǻˣ˭ǻ˵ģ
֣ǵ۹⣬˻˼Ǯ֪׺˵
ƷҲˣСұʵֲܹԱֻ»ѧĿ٣Ҳûʲô֮ģһЩĵ˵ĵ
Ȼ˻ǰ׺ŮѧĻȫģֲģԲŻϳƷѧУշһ°
ڳƷĵĶˣӳƷźദǾԲ֮ؼǣƷҲŵù
ȻˣǵȻûˣͬһϵͬѧƷ룬ջͬˡ


321 ƽع
˰׺ĵ绰֮󣬳ƷһһʶľҲû뵽Ȼᱻнѧ
ֻǾð츳ϾСС;ѾǼϰʦˣӦûļޡ
ǳƷҲû뵽Ĺ򣬰ȻһԾΪ˳ʦⲻǿ츳Ϳõġ
ƷֱӵõմеģеʦҪǧٴοϰпա
Ըѻãû뵽ôס
׺óƷ΢շһ°ǲǾ֮Ͷѣһֱʾ׽ķѵ˵׺겻ð¶ݣûаշô
Ǹܣ
׺ƷʮڣƷһôǮһµʱ䣬㹻ܶˡ
䣬ǹϵһܷܲسұҵĹؼȻ鲢ԣСҲûгҵķ֣Ҳߵڡ
Ҳףгҵİæܶ鷳ǳҵĺĵӵĻһ־ͨǧô
ǱĺôˣԼνǽҵͨĸĸҲв֮УòǮ˱˳ŻƤʡȥٵ鷳
ҼȻҪǾҪãԸ
ڣûô
һºһսͳһսܳܳ¡
ʵȻض˵ʱҲˡ
أűƿŮ˵Ц˽
ʮٿֱʱգһҪ
û⣬ҿ϶
ƷһһŮǳ棬һһԼĪʮ߰ģŮTֱͲ㣬޳͹˳
ǰſ糤һβɾ䣬毺õݣмӤʵģ
磬ڰƷڣʱ˹ǵ˵
ǣƷʵ
һҹ˾żҲϷֱССǣæһҼջ飡
Ʒһ£ûзӦ漴˼ЦЦ˼ƽʱֱĲǺܶ࣡
ֱĲǺܶ࣬Ҳֱ֪ҵÿ궼Ͷҵ֮УܹͷģǶ֮٣ɼƷҲ⣬ССǼȻǵֱӦˢӡ
Ҹ˾ӣÿֻҪôǳȥ򹤣æһ¡
û£û£ССȻҲѾϰˡ
תͷһܣ֮вɵ΢΢һ׷Ӵ߽ķ·ͲǮ
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ȻǵԼĿһ£һҲˣȻͳʶ˺ü꣬ҲԸ棬֪ȻôǮ
ģһ¶ˣƷ˵ˣҪʲô
㿴Űͺ˵ˣǲûоϲ˵
УһῴŰģ
Ʒ˵ֱ꣬תˡ
Ʒ뿪˱֮ССǲڻع΢еСĵĿųʵ˵Ǹѧĸ磿
԰Ҹ磡˵ոտϵģҸǽеһòã
ڳѾϰ߳ƷһͨѧΪȫУһȫһһֱеһҪǶлжôһĸڡ
ԼǸϸΪһҲܵˡ
ĺ˧СС˵
ҲǸԲźܹȫһѧǸʲôǸѧУѾкö궼û˿ѧˣĿƿѧҲǺüǰ¶ˡ
ǸʦȥĴ˺üţܹѧѧУǾʷĳ̶ȡ
ٻˣɴֱӵ˵
һ£ɩô㿴òĶĶãɩӾԴ´࣡
СС˿٣˵
Ǻǣƽع֣һӵĿһССûʲôؿڣмӡ
㻹˵ңҲƽðɣ
СС̲˵
ܺұȣҲż꣬Ҹշðɣ治˵
Ұοˣ㶼ˣƽģΪôСС˵
ˣ
ץҰ
Ϊץ
˶ʱڱֿˡ


322 ˹ҵѧѧ
Ʒ뿪˼֮Ҳûжͣʱ˵ʮֱġ
뿪˼ֱ֮·诵Ĺ˾
ʹǰƷһʱįŴ󼪵Ӳͬʱ·Ѿ˵Σˡ
ǷᣬԳ־ҪԸ·诣Ҳһ죬СĽУ˾չǽˡ
Ʒĵǵһʱ·诵⣬ϾĹ˾ܹ˵ˣƷ
֪ķǳû˳ƷİˣƷûһҲˡ
һְҵװ·߳񻣬ǰȣݹ
ʦˣ·ԳӭҲù˾ܶ˶ԳƷΪ棬˾Ҳһֲֵˡ
ΪҲ·课ѵʱ򣬴ʱҲЩ߽дɫʵĳʦ
˻֮󣬳Ʒֱɳһ·ݵĲ衣
չĲƷ˵
⻹Ƕ˳ʦǵʦֻҲнգ·ֹ˵
֪ʦ˵ΪΣ·诶˶٣ǿżɽ˵
ڳƷĵȻǺܻӭģƷĴ࣬ÿһζ˺ܶĺôҵͻͽ
Ȼδʱ䣬ΣҲûа취չز
Ҳżɽ˵ˣչĹ˾Ʒ˵
ʲô·课һ˵
ٿƷʱѾеˣǵ֮ǰƷʮǮûУھȻܹµĹ˾
ķչ˾ĸʲѾˣƷô
ͬʱҲһִҹ˾ĸ׵Ѫӱչġ
ʦЦˣ
ð죬·ǿЦЦ˵
ûпЦƷվӸ£·˵·ʱ䷢չĺѸ٣Ѿǧ򼶣ĵڼˣҲѾܵչ컨˰ɣ
·һƷĻĹ˾չزȷʵоеˡ
ǰ˾϶֮С˾϶֮еСϺףҲûʲôֱӵľ֡
ǵԼҲСϺ׳ɳΪ֮һоͲͬˣҪЩ˾ֱӾˡ
һиʣ˾ںֱӾĻѹͷӿˡ
˵һ治ȥǺʣȷʵһ㿴컨ѹķչһ㹫˾չ뻹Ҫʮϣȹ̣񣬲Żӭһεı
ɳ̫˳ˣڲŸոոܵĶ⡣
Ժ·㻹Ҫһķչֻһ취һɽ
Ʒһָ˵
ڣҿĿɽҵİĹ˾ܷʮڣڣǧڣƷ˵
ڣǧڡ·ԼƷĺ׳־ŵˡ
ʮǰڣǧûģܹزģëǡ
·һȻ˵Ȼ̸⣬ôʦ˵ɣΪʲôܹΪҵĿɽ֪ʦӦòʲôɣ
ţҲҪԼǺţ
Ʒŵ˵һϢڿԸ㣬Ѿѧˣ
ʲô·诶ʱ𾪵˵
Ʒʱʱʶˡ
Ȼѧÿ궼ҪѧʵϷ䵽ÿطǺٵģټľǧ˿ڣҲʮʮܹ϶ѡ
ܹѧˣһ⣬ɾͲĲ˵ѧѧڶλӸλһĲƸ
㲻ûչˣԼѧУѧѧãȻܹܵչˡ
ѧѧԸȥŹ˾Ҳһ𲽣ԼҵֱַӾڵĽ֪࣬ԸʾӢͶʡ
֮ǷѧѧϾǿһҪʲôܳʲôҪöþһҪӣ㶼У١
ҪǴ̣ϻкܶ˿źǮͶʡ
ôˬǲŻὫѧɴ˵еԾš
֣ѧѧĲ֮ĲҲûˡ
ⲢäĿʺͶѧäĿţѧѧȷʵ˲ţȻܶԴ󣬵ǶҲǺܶ޷ġ
ʱ·ƺеˣƷΪʲôܹˡ


323 չ·诹˾
ܹѧģҲʮǰһ˲ţǰǶŶͯ꣬ɹʿ
Ҳܻһϲ㣬Ѷȡ
ƷѧҪ̵ĻʮڰһʮһûʲôѶȡ
е㱳ĻǾ͸˲ˣδչǰ;ǲ
ƷĿ굱Ȼֻӵĳ̶ȣѾ쵽ϲᣬʵǷַӾȻˡ
Σɼѧһֱ
ͨѧУ˵ѧ߱ʵ̫ˡ
Ҫչ׵Ķˣ
ʱҲʼʱҪߵĻѶȾͺܴˣܹгƷİĻʣ˳ܶࡣ
㲻ҪڱչǳԿˣʵԺܹõԶԶֻ˶ѣ
Ʒ
ð죬·诲ſЦſ˵ʦûǳԿˣԤ˾϶иһķչҵʲˮܸһķչ֮ԥʵҲΪ˾ҺҸ˵Ѫӽȥ
ƷԣҲ֪·ͷˣҲе⣬û뵽·诵ĿǲС
㲻õģҲܹó־ھӪ˾־ϵҪߵĸߵԶͱҪ㹻Ĳ֧ţչĹ˾ĸԭ򣬴Ӹ˵һҹ˾չҲԣ֮Ҫ㣬ΪŵùƷƷ磬ЩǿһûһһļźͲƷ֧֣Ѿȥˣ
Ҳ̲Ĺ˾ʲôӦ˵һ˫ӮĽ㲻ôƷ˵ǿຣҶһΣδһΣ־ɳǣߵ󣡡
Ǻã֪ʦҪչҹ˾ٹɷݣĿǰǹ˾ĹɶֻҺҸˣҿȫȨ·ջһҧ˵ҲǵڲŷԼвСĿϲָֻţǳƷδʵ̫ˣ˵δˡ
Ҵһڣչ㹫˾߳ɵĹɷݣӽ쿪ʼҾǹ˾һɶҲǹ˾ϰ壡Ʒ˵Ҳһֱҹ˾ҿίҹ˾ִܲãԺ˾µ飬ϿԼһƶڲˣʲôô
·һ£һֻ߳ɵĹɷݣˣɼƷԲǴˣҲûбҪƷԼ˵Ĺ˾ʵ̫ˣַӶһ
Ʒ֮Ʒ֮⣬ҲǳƷûôʱңһҹ˾֮ҪôʱȥӪѡһԼŵùˣ˾Ȩ֣õѡ
ڷɷôȫ棬ڱɶǮ˵ķָϣǷǳƵģ·诼ҪҲ
ãû⣡·诵ʹӦӵӦǾɵˡ
Ʒ˵ʱ䣬һעڣҪľǣȫ䣬ȫټʦҪ̵ʱڣҪ˾ǿ
עʵû⣬ǽôǮһʱҵģҲȥ·˵
ôܻȥͷһЩرĵʱһŸ㣬ʱֻвûƷ˵
ȻͷһȣľȷʵİգͰ׺һҲҲгЩʵҩĿϣЩĵһܹù˾չˡ
˵ôţڷչ
·诶ʱǰһҵôãβ׳Ʒ˵˼Щ˾㣬Щ޷յĵô
Ȼںܶ൤Ѿȫ࿪ţǻкܶ൤ЩƷеġ
ܹôһŵ˾չȷʵʲô⣬ʷܶƷҲǴʼеõһŵ֮չġ
̫ˣ·˷ܵ˵˳Ʒı֤аյĶˣٿƷʱ֮оͶ˼־η
ԭͻɳƷֻʲôεı
Ͼ似ҲãͻȻðĵҲãԶԶһܹͨӵеˡ
Ƕ̶ʱ䣬ƷֱӻȥڣӵĻǮٶҲǹˡ
Ӱ׺ǱߵõʮڣҲڳƷ˵ǱҪⲻ˵ġ


324 ˾δչ
ȨչЭǩĺܿ죬ڶ죬һоͶˣƷҲ˳һҹ˾¡
ȻҲҲûǸʱ䣬;
չ֮󣬳Ʒ׼õһĵ·诣ֻܹٻָÿ˶Ʒʼָٶȳ죬˵Ǳزٵġ
Ʒ۳ɱеĳɱ׼Ļĵ࣬Чȴһϡ
Ȼÿһöļ۸ǺܸߣȴÿһҰ˺ӶرĶؼʱ򣬺ܾܹܿ
ǳֻҪҪһŹ˾ʲô¡
Ŀǰ˵㹻·ˣҲʺٶˣĻ¾Ҫܶ˾˹Ĵѹˡ
־ڴＯŶЩ˽֣οЩĲء
õ·课ǴϲˣžóƷ֮ǰ˵Ҫ˾ǧϣˡ
ûֶطĻǮûõģΪҩ˾ʵ̫ˣҲԽԽңûԼĶط޷ȥ
ҲĹ˾ڼ֮󣬾Ϳʼеٲάĸԭ
زҪӵˣ⿿һЩڻĵҩѸһˣҪһЩرĵȴǶʱܹġ
ҪʱȥѼҪЩػȥػģͨһδεػģһżпܴзԼܹõõĵ
ػôʢУΪЩ˾ǴػűнڼĹ˾мһˣСػŵȱǮʵ̫ܳʱҲδܹʲôر
һ۵Ḷ́Ĳţ˾̵Ҳʮϰʷ񽭼Ȼڴֱķչơ
˳ƷİͿԼ̣ܹڶʱڷչûʲô⡣
ڵʱټ·诿˵ɾʮ㣬ҹӰ࣬ϳһݹ˾ļƻҹ͸˳Ʒˡ
Ʒˣȷʵּƻܺãܲÿ·ԼŬĽˡ
Ӧûʲô⣬ֻҪѧԽԽã·߾Խû˸鷳
û˸СһѧѧӰ
ܹģŬѧϰɳԽԽܹṩ㹻ı
˾ʼţ鷱࣬Ȼ󲿷ֵ鶼·诽ˣǳƷҪĿҲ٣һֱ˾棬ŻתһЩ
һֱʮ֮µĵҩ˾ϣƷΪɽӵҩ˾
˾ҲˣнƸ˲ٵļϰʦлʽʦ
ǶһĴڣ;ܻᷢ顣
һŻĵƷֱ·ȥערȻӱҲܹĵȴ
ִרıѾ˼Ϊ̵ĵزǴҲײߣĻǸ⳥ܹô۲ˡ
С˾Լ˾õķչҲеһϵзС˾չ֮һ
ȻȻערר϶еڵʱһЧھǶʮ꣬ڶʮڣֻɽӹ˾ܹ˾һַר
Ȼ˾ڱǲóԼ˽һЩҲ޹ش֡
ȵʮ˭ʱ򣬳Ʒʹֱӹ츣ȫࡣ
Ǹʱɽӹ˾ӦͳΪĴţ˾
ҳƷҲûһֱҴţԺ֮лĵԴ
ҲܷյһַϾǲЩţ壬ʵٹ̣ûܹ졣
Ҳֻרķʽ˾ŵߣգǰ׺ѱµĴʦҪĶ嵤ҲҪ˽棬ȥ
Ȼɽӹ˾Ĺģ˵׺깫˾һͷǰƹҲô䶯չͬģٵķҲô
ٹֻ꣬Ҫٹ꣬ţͲٸеӴˡ
ƷҲ⼸ʱ䣬ѵһڣȻҲֻԶԵġ
ʱ֮УƷóԼԳõϴ赤ǲƷʵϴ赤Ʒʵϴ赤Ҳǰձ׼ģȫ֪õһϴ赤Ƴɱơ
󻨷ǧƳһöϴ赤ϴḶ́ЧȻȺǶ̶ʱ䣬ѾͻƵ˻Ѫ硣
òһپܹͻƵڣǿɱȳƷҪĶˣǰ;


325 ʮ죬Ǯˮ
һ죬鶼æ֮󣬳Ʒյ˳ҼﱸίԱһƾһƷΪӵܵǰȥμһεļ䡣
˳Ʒ֮⣬һгҲյһ
һֱҪȥүүûյһȴѹֻҪȥˣֳɫʱһ±ǽʱ仹Զô
ʱеǻȥμӼ䡣
䣬ϾҪˣƷż
ҲǵһյȻ֮ǰѾֵ㹻ˣǿѧô˵ʲô״
ʵ̫ˣܳɳǾûκˡ
յ֮ûжãרŴ绰ȷϳƷǷμӼһдս
ƷҲûκԥֱӴӦ
ȻҪǾҪã
ܶھûκˣ
۷壬ٽһأǾѾ߶εΪˡ
ǺܶһӵˣҲΪˣǻ϶ǺѰˣһҲûϹս
ʹĶԹҲһս׽
Ȼ˵ʤһսԲԼʧܣ
Ŀǰʵֻ»δܹٷְаܹ죬Ͼʵ̫ǿˣԽڵʵѹһ
Ȼ綫ƣҲǽڶĶڡ
ҪȫİգҪͻƵأʱսһ޴ͻƣǸʱһսʱ
ڻжʮʱ䣬㹻ͻˣ
ΪһεͻƣƷֱٶȹʮöȻԼҲƣǴʱ˵ʱҲԶȽǮҪҪĶˡ
ʱ鵽ЩȨӵĺôѰ˼ܹȵġ
֮УƷлһеķÿ֮󣬿ʼȫıչ֮С
ʮʱ֮УƷΪʾĸ죬ԭǱ˺ܶࡣ
ƷҪǱƳŻһĻ͵˷Ǳˡ
ͻƵĻȻҲԽأ֮Уδ·ͻխ˺ܶࡣ
ʮ֮УƷĻǮˮÿ춼ҪһԼÿ춼Ҫ̷ʮܵҩЩǮǰġ
ÿԵʳҲԭܻлԵĵĴ޵⣬̺дʳãʵر졣
ڳƷ֣Լÿʳ˺ܶ࣬һޣÿ춼Ҫĵ⡣
ǰҰʱɵȥԣڣֻɳƷˣϵļ۸ÿ춼Ҫ̵ֵʮ⡣
ȳƷȫʳõĶҪĶˡ
£ڼϣЩƷڿеʯѾͻƵأûʲô谭
֮⣬ܿóÿҲҪõٵҩÿҲҪ⡣
Ƕڳ˵ʱĳƷҪõĶˣ̶ʮʱ䣬ѾͻƵ˻Ѫڵ۷壬¾ҪͻƵһˡ
ľ˵ҪֻҪܹĵ𣬷õͻҲر졣
ʱѾ׷һеĴ󲿷ֵͬѧˣôˡ
ҲǿĳƷͷкüڵʽ𣬷Ļ֧Ųסӵķġ
ÿ붼ҪǧĲƸ
⿿԰׺Ǳߵķֺ޷֧ŵһηֺʱ򣬻ʱ·诵Ĺ˾ҲѾ״̬
ɽӹ˾ʼڸƽ̨ϴ棬Ʒעڣʱֳˣ֮УѾк֪ܶ¹˾ƳһǿĻĿǰõҪһ
⻹Щ˺ӶǷ׷׹עЩ͵ŶӺӶţǳܶɱޣ̽żĵһߣڻȻǼġ
ʱǶѾˣôã϶Ҫڹ
˲ٵҩ˾ע⣬ÿ춼ɽӹ˾ΧƣǴֵҩѾער֮󣬲ɵþʹԼ˼Ȼܹа취Ūǲʲôô
Ҳܲп˾ǹݵģΪ˸ǵע⣬ȻԼĵערǴ˾ģǶǽԼϡ
Ҳڳɽӹ˾Ķӣֻжʮר׬Ǯ
ɽӹ˾Ҳ棬ȵʼ֮Ӵÿ¶ܸƷԾ޴Ĳ


326 ͻƣ
ȻŸոճѾкܶ˿ɽӹ˾ǱϾѾערֻҪŪȥһܹ֪ȷʵ٣ʱֻܹٵ棬ǿ϶һ֡
Բʮʱ䣬ѾԷͶ˾ʹŹ˾ѯۡ
µһҹ˾Ѿ˶ʮڣչٷ֮ʮĹɷݡ
Ҳ˵·Ĺɷݣû죬Ѿ˶ʮˣԷѾԤ⣬ɽӹ˾϶ܹΪڼĹ˾ǧڼĹ˾Żıۡ
ȻȻŲǸոտʼѣδеɹɷݵļֵֻ࣬١
ĸоζӣףԼȥǷȱʲôˣףˣʮŬҲֲƷʱ档
Щ˵ǿûе
Ʒ˵˫ӮδʼѾᵽˣԭĹɷݲţôڸӵĻԻͿԡ
ڳƷ˵ҲһɱḶ́ʣȻ󳹵׻ΪԼǱ
һ仰˵ԵʲôǱ
ʮʱĵ֮󣬳Ʒڳɱ䣬ʼͻơ
֮УƷ֮ϣʼĿʼתʼصϡ
ڲŸոտʼ֮ǰУڣֻҪˮɵƿǰһĴš
ʮʱ׼ؾżѾƽƵĲˣڳƷֻת˲ʮҵĻʼƷͳ׳忪Ǹżء
ежǰǰ㽲;ͻͽģҲкܶǳƷˮĥˮɵС
ĺôޱȵοͻҲǺ˳ľͻˣȥ̣ΪѾǶˡ
Ȼһ϶ѣͻ֮󣬳ƷǸоʵԵ
ʮ죬ʮʱ䣬ÿĥһ

ʮ֮󣬱еı䳡ϣڷٵĹӦ׼ȷ˵һβϵĽһڴһص״̬
һǳƷһ״̬еľӰսһɫĳһɨ˳ȥһɲǼܹڰնһƬĵӰǸӰ˽ȥ
Ķ棬ĵӰֽȥһӰͬһս۳ƷƷνӸǶ֮нǶûа취һӰķ
Ǿκ֮еĽʯһ˿
˲Ǳˣһ۵ֱŷҲײõ뷨Ʒͽ˹Լ
⼸ֱÿһԼľÿһԼóĵ㣬ÿһóķ򶼲һнսҲԶսرҲҲȱ
⼸ܹ׵һսС飬ڳƷ˵ܹ벻ͬ͵ĸֽ֣ҲһѵõĻᡣ
̶ʮʱ䣬Ʒ׵׽صľ磬Ҳȫƿס硣
ܹȫȫصʵȫƿסһʱҲȫӳ۷սرһʱսֱӷԾء
ĵƣؼʱ򣬻ܹҪá



һ޴ޱȵײײըһ˲ȫը˿
ֹãƷȫѾǱˮ͸ƴˮ̳һ
ΪԷսĺ쾫Ӣ֣ԳƷ»˶֣ĳ֣õ飬Խ߾ȫĳ֣Ҳõʲô
ΪʵϣƷȫ֣Ҳ˲ЩˣǵľٶȳƷҪһ󾳽硣
ƷǿԲԳԼֵļ޾ʲôطжļΣΪ֮ǰĶģ϶ˣļ޾ĶƷҲڲ²⣬ֻһŵĹ㣬ûһ׼ȷжϡ
ڣÿԳᣬʵսһԼļ޾ʲôط

Ʒһֻоȫµһһն䣬֮һͬնȥһС
أ
һվǱǰֱסˣΪ˽סƷһҲˣûа취Ǹղ⡣
Ʒֱ̱˵ϣղһеʵ̫ˣҲɴ˲˳ſ˸µܹ൱صսʹóʵһ¥ء
ֻҪõúãʣһΪõĵơ


327 أ־
Ʒ̱ڵϣϢһһеķװֱ֮ӳˣķĶѾɽͼĿռ֮УʱóҲõġ
ʱռ䴩ǰҵˡ
ҵزڵϣѡؽ֮УҲΪķչ
ؽĺӣĻڵϳĺӸ㣬Ҳǲʵ
˵Ͼ޷Ϊ˲ţֻǳӵıή͡
ΪΪ㣬ΪңһҪչЩٲ˵ġ
ŵԽԽŨҲὥ׷ؽ磬˵ؽӵиķչռ䡣
δֳͷչһص㷽
Сʱ֮󣬳ƷѾؽһߣڶؽ磬֮ǰʮȥĻ߲ͬؽط޲׳ۺ
ӴϿȥԶԶľͿԿȺɽ֣ɽֱʣɭָߴϰɣɲ֮ơ
ڵĵطһ޴ޱȵĻУΪҶУΪʵǽһ޴ޱȵɽ֮еģɽ״ƷҶһ˶
͵ϵĸֲ࣬Ϊǿ޳ûĳл϶γһĳȺγɾ޴ޱȵĻУ͹ʱ緱ǵ׺һķɢڴ½ϵĸȫͬġ
˴Ʒ̾͸оŨҪŨĶˣȻϲϵʮʤڱʮڵҪº͵Ķˣֱա
Ʒ洦ȥУͷܶһžͺǿߣҲһϰ壬ӢȵҪǿĶˡ
һͿˣһɫװӸ߾һӣдųƷ֡
ǳӻˣƷæǰǸҲһϳ˳ƷæƷүģ
ү
Ʒһǵһ˽үҲˣЩܹǰģ϶֧֮ܳ˲ţĳɾͲҿҲδȫںһҲԸ˽
ЩǻˣԱ֮ǰʮƷӵĴԵЩѡ
߰ɣ
Ʒֱ˵
ǣ
æ˵Ȼǰ汻Ʒ·ڻߣһɳڵȴųƷ
һɳ֮УƷĿһ·ǳӶȥ
ҵؾڷҶе룬ҵķչʷǷҶеķչʷڷҶеķչУҲǳ˴ģܾǰҾڷҶ֮չˣԳڷҶ֮кܴӰ
дפĻ֮кձ飬ǵϣӰһЩֻѰ˲ǺѣҲӴ
ܿ죬һ޴ޱȵĳͳ˳Ʒ֮ϣǳӴռعһһ
֮зŵķɳҲȻһӾͶ϶ǳµĺɳƷơ
ͬʱƷҲܹ֪ܶǿϢݷУȻеԶ֪ĲǺԣҲ㹻ףҵ֮УǸơ
ܿ죬ɳһСУС֮УһıСǳ󣬴ϰٶǳ֮еӭĿ˶סӭ֮еġ
ӭкܶ࣬Ŀ˵ķͬҲֱͬСߵģҲ͡
ƷǸӻ˵Ĵ֮£˽ȥߵ˴Լ·ʱһˡ
˲Ǳˣ֮ǰ·вĳ־
־Ʒɵһ־Ҳͬһʱ俴˳ƷҲһ˲ûзӦ
Ҳǳҵˣ
˶ͬʱӦ˹˶ճͬʱôܶҲͲԶˡ
˾Ȼǳҵˣֻǳ̫Ӵˣܶ˴󲿷ⱲӶûмҲû˵
˶ûִˮ뷨ֻо˼ۺ졣
ڳ־˵ƷԻĺ£·诵ͷļƻ˿գνǺ޵ġ
ڳƷ˵־֮ǰ׷ɱЩأĳ𣬿νˡ
ҰϵĻֻ³ƷһӦǽ־ˡ
û뵽Ȼܹ㣬ߺߣ
־ƷҲǺ޲ý̻ˣ뵽Ʒ뵽һڴＯŵػĶȫû飬һеԵɶǰһ


328 Ű־
Ҳû뵽ܹ㣡ƷЦһæѾҪһˡ
·㲻ߣ㴳
־ۿųƷ˵
ƾ㣿ƷЦһų־ϴμ㣬Ϊڼ㣬㻹ΪǷһ
˵ʲô־ɴ۾˵
仹ʹƷЦһ
ƲԳԷƣһֻҪ㽻ĻĵҾ㲻ڿûа취ˣ־ЦſųƷ˵
֪ˣƷų־˵
ǵȻҲǴĶŪģڽüĻڵģ
־˵
ӷȫɣôܻѵ㣿Ʒڳ־֪Ĵڣǲ֣ΪȻҪɽӹ˾ıɡͿɽȻܶڱ
ȻҪѧѧݴ£ʵϣչô˳ĽУûʲôѣѧѧݾ˺ܴһá
Щɲ㣡
־Цһ˵ʱʱ죬־һӳųƷˡ
־ʵȻض˵Ѿ֮еֻĳƷ˳־Ҳֻûܡ
ȻͲͬˡ
أ
־һצûԸץƷĲ֮ϣǱƷһֵˡ
ʲô־ͫ΢΢ΪĹȻƷ־͸ˡ
ΪһǴǰ׷ϴǸôƷХһȻָȭݺһȭ˳ȥ
䣡
ȭͷ䱬˿γһ޴ޱȵֱڿ֮𵴳һĲˣɿµĹֱȭ˳־
־ɲǼ䷴Ӧ˹ˣűܿ˳ƷһȭȭϹεۡ

־һȻҪǴʱƷôܸᣬֱӾͷȻȻһһȭ˳
䣡
䣡
䣡
һȭһȭ˿ֲˣһֻħȭʱڳƷʩչĳ뻯˿ֲ
͵ոѧʱȣͬնȻ似ϵľ粢ûб仯ǱƷ𵱳ѧʱ򣬺ֹǿʮ
ʩչҲǳɱɱҲ˵ģ˫ޣֻܹ߾磬ǿһǿĸ
ֻҪʵǿˣֻǺܻѰѧʽҲܹʮ־˵
ڳ־͸ܵȫĳƷĿ£ÿһȭֱһ˳ǹһ˳
ÿһȭ˵Ҫ
ԭ뷴Ǻܿ죬ͷ֣ǲܵ飬Ʒٶ̫ˣ̫ˡ
ÿһȭϣ޷ֻƬ֮Ĺ˫ֶѾȫһƬһƬˡ
ܿʧȥ˷֮˲ͣ޷ǰ
ܣ
־ţ֪Ʒ֮ǰʵģ˵Ǳ׷ţɥ֮ȮһǸµ޳ĻƷ¾ˡ
ڣƷĸоȴһͷͻɽһ㣬¼ˣҲǿơ
ڣƷƵǣȻȻһȭֱӺ
أ
־ͱ˳ȥݺݵ䵽˵ϣڵϲҽвѣؿڱƷֱһȭˣҽؿڶ˽ȥ
Ʒһȭʵ̫ˣ־סشˡ
Ʒٿ־ʱ֮гŲм飬ҪҰ⣬ɱɱһΪҲ˼ǰۣ
־Ʒ̼ĸһѪ˳౻Ʒˣ̲סһѪ˳
ų־ҵģƷûһ˿һͬ飬Ϊǵõ־׷ɱǵģһ޳ֻ³ƷֱҰˡ
һСıͶˣ˶ǳұļαһʱ䣬СıΪ֮С
ܿģԭίҲͲˣΪС֮еͷԿǳ־ȶԳƷֵģǳƷһӴӶŹĲߣ
ȻЩǶԳ־мʵлƣǲô
־ܹЩһѪ˳
ҲǲǳƷ̫ƱˣǰĶ֣˭֪ǴѣƷͱֲˡ
ֱֲ̫˺ô
Ʒ뿪֮󣬾Ǹӻ֮˵Ĵ֮£ֱһ֮齵ȴŹ֮󼴽ʼĳҼ䡣


329 ־ӵı
һҽڣڲϵĳ־ոƣܿ죬һӴ̤˽
־мƣֻǿ͸һЩԼʮģڲϵĳ־ʱʱ伫Ϊѿ
־õûУʮ㣬˵
֣ϵƸʲôʲǸСȻҵڳңһưոݣҪ֮أ־ţһͷ˵Ұһ˻ţҪԷҧʵȴΪġ
ĿǰڴＯŵĶ³ҵ
ȷ˶ûʲô̫֮󣬳ҵɫ΢΢漴һ˵ôҪ֮أҲǹԵˣҶ˵ģʮˣȻһʮСˣǺ޻֮ıˣ˼һ˼أ
ҲǿС֮е¼񣬼ֱˣһսһĻֶûУȫֻʣ˰ˡ
ʹ£ϳҵ˵ܲ£µǴˣֳԵʧܣһҵļ˵ֱܴ衣
һԶԶСԼСӵĳԵʧܣ޷ܵ顣
ִձ鶼һΪȥᣬǳƷĸĸŲʮͷӣʵѾʮˣ־ŲŶʮ꣬ʵѾʮˡ
ʮǶڳ־˵ʮȻûе͡
ʱҵѾЩڣûкúöٳ־úڻδ쾳磬ھȻһ۸ˣܴ衣
Ҳ֪СȻ˿£ŲǴʱ䣬ǰǱ׷ĵܵɥ֮ȮھȻôˣҲܣһҪ־һ˵
ҪôҪѧѧ֪ζʲôôѧᱣҲᱣҵ˵
ѧ־͸˵ˣʮУżûҲһѰصѧͨ˵⵱ȻѾˣǶѧѧ˵ͨصѧѧʲô
һϵ֮ӣһǵϵ϶ѣûпɱԡ
óѡ˭ĻҲ֪϶ƫƷȻǸҲΪҰǰ׬˲ǮˣǺͳƷȣûʲôɱԡ
ǸˣҷַҵܶˣȻһܹѧѧȴֻëǰˡ
˵׳ҵЩĴ붼ǳѧǳƷѧ˭˭һĿȻ
ʱǺɸ֣־ֵܹ㹻ĻҲͲˣСʱҲǶڳ־֪־ԽԽһӵܷչľֻŮ˸Ȥˡ
ףʲôǮȨŮˣǿʵõģûԼǿʵǸӵеһУһƾȵĻҷξˡ
ҵޣƴƴǰ֪ҽ˶ԴҲǿ˺쾳磬ڳ־ҲǲãʱԵ˵ĺɸ֡
ô죬ѵӷŹôҷŹǸСҲһŹҵģҸоɱ⣬Ұ⣬һɱңһҪ취ŪҪŪĻһʳģ־һ˵
ҵ֮˸ź˵ɱ⣬֮ǰѾ־˵ˣڴＯ׷ɱֻǵʱûзϣȻ׷ɱʧˣǸѣѵܷ˲ɡ
һͨеѧ͸ںˡ
˭뵽Ǹ׷ɱˣȻѧ鷴ת̫죬ûзӦ
һ֪ģ˾߲վǻᷴ亦
ıģԼ˺ݺ׷ɱһͨ϶ҲưոݵģҲ˵϶һ
ȻһǾûа취ˣܺͽ⣬͵취Ū
ȻĿɳȥͷϲǻŽǧôʱ취ɱƵҵͷϣ֪ģҵ֮˸â˵ʱ֪ģ֮ǰҪ취ǸŪֻҪڴＯŵųұҵֱӾͿԷչΪһߵĵҩţһŹ˾֣ڳұң˭ָСǸ


330 ߲
ҵڵҩһҵ֮ô꣬Ȼǽ˳ҵƣԼҲһӹţȻܹóһŵһҵҩ˾Ҫԡ
ԶһĳпܻûиоھеЩҩ˾ܹоһ˵ķ糱ɨ
һרĹ˾˵δʮ꣬ʷֻһֵҩҲһĵҩ˾֮һڴＯţǾϺŵĵҩ˾Ҫ˵ȫһǻ˲֪١
ͲһϵĴڣܹȡһŵôţ˾ͻڴＯˡ
ڴＯܣڳҵĵλҲܹһ޴ˡ
鷳鷳ڳƷȻɥĲע˵ҩרǺεɥĲΪֻҪǴ˾ûһһѡôġ
ȻערܹЧıǵ棬ԭܹʮ꣬ϰ꣬棬Ͷ̶̲Ƕʮʱ䣬Ҫṫˡ
ʧֱǲÿһ붼۰۵ĸζڳ鴤
ûŪ֣ҵѾһŵˣȫ⡣
־е㲻ףǸСڷܽ²ɿڣҪɿڵĻǻ˵ҲûãרǸСרдľǽɽӵҩ˾չҲûãǲһƿǶѣҪһŵ
ߺߣûа취ǸСɿڣǲûܹһ㣡ҵЦ˵ǹ˾ĹɶֲֻǸǻвٳôǹֳܷҲˣڣʱҪǳˣҾͲˣʱܹӲã
ǣ֣ǲɿڸô죿־ʵ
ǲãɿˣǺôǵģɿڣߺߣôҲʧȥҵıӣʱҪôǻһ仰ôһСӶѣѧıŻδɳ֮ǰһҲûʲôֱ𣡡ҵ˵Ҫףʲôţɳиƨã
Ҳ˵Ҳˣ֣̫ˣһΣһҪ֮أ־Ц
һߣƷڱ֮Ƶߡ
ܿĵܼ򵥣ǳƷûƽȻƷѾƽˣôҲͷˡ
ǹĳųƷһüŪ۵ӡ
ú˵˵˻Ʒɵð˵
磬һֱǸССǣôɫŹֵ˵
ʲôôƷ
иһֱҵɩӣôȻƽ˵㣬ûϵִƼ෢һ£
Ʒֻöͷ߶ҪˣʲôʱѾеزˣûУ
ϣ磬ҲΪ¿ǣҲϴСǰɣССʶŮˣòΣûô

䵽Ҫĵĵز𣿡ƷԺ֮иֳǸſ΢΢еӤʵСӴĲ࣬óȷʵһͦСŮ
㲻һȥʰĻøϽ·
ϸѾŭӿӣæͷȻϣСҲ͸ϸԸ񣬵вһǾҪСˡ
Ѿͷ
ƷɵЦ˵Ҳ˼ЦݣܹоĳڳԽԽˣȻ˼ϸҸϱ
Ϣˡ
ǵʱ򣬳Ʒ֪߲ƣ߲
һĸߣһǸոձش˵ĳ־ӦǸոմƣˣһǳ־ĸףҵ
ƷҲʶҵϾͳ־ϵʱҲףǺڴＯԺҲٲҪ򽻵ڴＯµһ˽⡣
ǳҵͳ־ȻҪվ˵
һԼĪ߰ʮģߣһĵĹװۣ󲽰׵˽һλߵ̬
ߣǸһʮ߰ģ꣬һĳۣҲǷǸͬŴ̤˽
˾ֱ˽Ȼֵ˫۾Ķס˳Ʒ
ƷɲǼͿˣ߲ƣ߲
֪λţкιɣ


331 ˺
˳־ҵӣƷҪǻ׶Է߲ƣҲͰϹԼˡ
ʱ־վ˳˳Ʒ֮УԹ֮⣬żֺ˵ƷҸһ£ǳҵһ³ϣ³ϣһλԺҲϤģݣҲѧԺǿͬѧأ
ҽЩֲ֪
Ʒֻǵ˵ȻѾȷ˶Է߲ƣƷҲøԷκεĺɫˡ
Ʒ˵Ű裬û뵽֮ȴлҪʮҵǰţʱǸվǰ˵
ưαһװ˵ĳƷҪ߳һͷнףʱųƷһ־Ӹµơ
Ʒּ飬Ȼ֪˶Է鷳ģѵҪʲôɫɣ
ĸƷΪм赼
ݼƷ֮дżֲмģɵŭ˵ղû־˵ôҽгݣ꿼ѧҲ֪ĶȥģҪ㣬㿼ѧѧѧҲŵȣǸŵȵѧΪܹЩҵĵϵӵô
ѹҲûнƷһδǽϵ֮еϵˣĵϵӵȡ
ÿ꿼ѧ֮еѧкܴһƣպýȥģʵ˲ֹܹ࣬ȥġ
Ǹߺ־ˣЩڳǻȥģƾʵʵȥġ
ƷڳݵҲˡ
ο濼ȥģĵϵӵܻûпɱԵģڸ֮ⱾǷǳϵӵϵ֧ϵӵܸܲԴɾͶҲϵӵܸ޷ġ
ݱһȷˣ˭֪ƷϵҲУֻǵȻ˵أ˵˻˵ص㣬ϻһʲôã
ݶʱͨ죬ʱԭһֱԱߣû˵ĳ³Ͽ˵ˣҪôͱˣʱһ㣬кôģ
ͱˣ˭ͱˣͱ˿ƷЦһЦЦĿ³ϣ˵
˵صɣʱҪ˵ɽֵĻôƷ˵
Ҳеû뵽ƷȻôֱӣЩѾϰӵ˵ڳƷǰһ׷ûˣƷȻҲûҪǨ͵˼
¶˲죬ڳѾһλĸߵְλˣһȻôԲѵĺ˵ֱǷ
˵Ĺ˾оһֵһָ˵ĻҲͿ鶼֪ϱô»һĳ˵
ƷҲ˵ֻǴһһЦЦ鿴ų³ϡ
ⷴóѾϰ˺ƤʯĳĳϾȻѵõ˼ִȻյ˵Ϊ㲻˵ͿˣʲôΪϣԼҪ
ʲôΪƷһЦЦ顣
Ʒ뷨Σգ㣬Ҫر壬Ҫ˶ӣüںεأŭ
ңֲʲôţƷָų˵ҿǽû֧ӵܣѾƫԶ׶ϲȥˣ˵ң
ȻʱĳҲ·һЩԴЩԴҲ˵϶תƸ˳ˣǶ˵ҲǱˮнѣûǮҲ̸жô
Ÿֱ׳˵ȷʵûôߵĶû
ƾǰССݣȻҪȥôܣʵκһ˶ô
ɫʱƷȻ˵Ǹ˭ȫһûнӣղƲ˵ģѧ˸ʮʮ
ˣοǼҪҵĵҪҵĵƷЦֻЦ֮УżƾӵģҲұҶʵĻɫǾĺϸûˣ
Ϊ˵ĻôذɣܵģҲҪʲôˣƷЦһĻؾ˵
˵ܾ㻹浱Լʲôˣ˺ʼŭ˵𾴾ƲԳԷƣ


332 
ʲôǾƣʲôǷƣҲֻ֪֪ƣˣǹƷų˵ѵǻǿɣǺǣҵ뿴ұǲǶĻɫ
ĿųƷվҲûǿΪǳҵӭﴫ˳ҳ϶ϵӵǿһŵĻôҲҪˡ
ǳҵļ䣬̫ˣǳҸص֧ӵܣкܶ壬߹ǰһֳʲôţҶ˾Ͷ֮ˡ
Ǹʱ򣬳¶Źִ֪ģƽʱҲᣬమѵܹıڵĸ֣˭ƻ
Ļµѹ㹻˲ͱ
Ϊҳϣѵǿĵôµ˵ʱ˳һɫ
ڵõźһǰһ˵Ʒ˵ʵͬѧҲʵмＸҺô˵
ȻȳƷӦһ˹
Զ־Կһۣ֮жһֵóѵζ˶Է뷨ڽǸˮˡ
ʵϣºͳݶģºͳݱһʵڴＯɶһͬڴＯţֻǳºͳݵĸƽʱô˳ҵѡ
ǳҵƷһܹıڴＯŸֵĵ͸¶ǡ
ȻһӼڴＯȻҲӯ٣˭Լ׬Ǯ׬Ķء
ô˵ֻ˵ܹڴＯŷʮ͹˫ˡ
ֻҪóұҵ˶˳ƷĵôƷζܲ˵ˣԸɿڣôãʱҲӳƷͳ˵Ļᡣ
Ŀ֮УȻһѱһһʩչɲǼ䣬ĽӰųƷն˹
ȻʵϣȴһΪӲĽƳɵģҲĴֻҪһնˣô군ˡ
ˢ
ƿ˿˲նǿ׼ݣ
Ʒһ˵ݣ㵱Ҫôͱô
˵ţƷѾңش˷֮е¼ܡ
ϻ˵ѾֱӳųƷնȥˣȻܵƷĵȴдݺݽѵһٳƷʵҪνĵֿˡ
ȻˣǾͱҲˣ
ƷĳȻʣİĵطûж¾Ӱսϰߣʱ򣬻пܱݴһֲһҲ˳µ˵˼

Ӱսͳеֱײһһ
һ˲䣬ƷǾ̽˳ݵΪȻѾﵽأ𵱳Ľ˵˿ȻûнѾص۷ĳ̶ȣѧ֮УҲѾǼΪ˵ˡ
ѹֳ˵ţԭʵ޾ͬεĸ֣Ƕƣǣпѹѹһ㶼ûѹ
Ʒ̽˳ݵʵǳȴҲΪƷʵʱ𾪣ΪƷ಻ӣǻѧֿ˸û塣
ϾһҵϵӵܼܹѧҲֻĳ̶ȣһʼŻʢˡ
Ȼ´ˣʵϸûôʱȥڣΪƷѾɱ˹Ʒ֮ǰѾĸ죬üΪǿʱ֮ǰֺ˽һ롣
ƷѾܴˣڸǴĿ£һȥǧܹһɽһ
ƷһƳݾȻΪƷᣬз˼ֱ̧־һ

һеĽײɲǼ˺üֱ۶˲䱻ˡ
⣡
ƴȥڽƷһĿֲжȥ
ȻƷĹûнĵӰһųݣҪݸһɱ
ݵҲսʱôϾӾͱƷɱˣһ佣ֱӳųƷնĵâӭȥ
أ
أ
أ
һײƷһĵնһĽ֮󣬳ݵƶѾˡ


333 һܳ
ѧĳҵϵӵҲֻӵĳ̶ôƷԴ
ȻӦ֮ǰ˵ģϵԶǱȲϵӵܵ۵ġ

ҧгݣ뷴ǰʵȴǳƷѹƵ̧ͷ
ȻƷʱŸ£һսܵ˼ƣҲ۷ĸ֡
ڻδдʱԳƷҲԸ㱩¶˱ʵ
һԣ־һĻǵûΪݵģһֿԽԽ
Ʒܹѧϵӵܶϣ͸˵ʮУûпϵѰˣƽʱҲûиʲôɫ
Щ֮ǰ˵˳־˳Ʒʱ򣬳־ֱӵ顣
ڿҲƷˣǵûһ˿һĽֻһʹĸо
㲻ô
㲻ô
ôǱˣ
һַֻһѿ뷨ҲѪڡ
һԵĳҵ޶ԣֵ˼ûУóƷݵԽԽãԽˣƷľԽ졣
ΨǸ´ʱɫΪѿǳд轻֮Ʒ֣Ҳò֣ڼضѾһжѾһֿʵ̫ÿˡ
ʱеĳĸо˳ƷĿֲֵһҪþȫȥֵѪϵĴϱŽ˳飬ָоϯһС
ѹʵĳƷҲܹԸ˵ġ
أƷ˾Ӱսݶʱоһ˿ϢĻᣬ˳սȦϴڴڵĴŴ֪֮䣬ƱѿˣҲѾﵽһŵĶ
ֻǷضѣӦԶԶСĳƷŶԣѾоĴ룬ȫҪҲѣĶ棬Ʒĺ΢һЩûУȫһӡ
ͫ΢΢ƷжֲһĽѵҪô
ݲ֪ǣƷȻҲǻʼĻָٶ̫ˣһ㣬ͻָһ㣬̶ֳȵĴսóƷ󶯸ɸꡣ
Կûоһսһ
ȳݶഭȴĶ棬Ʒ˾Ӱսָųݣ˵ˣ棬һ㣡
ݶʱȫˣƷΪʲôûгʤ׷׽ܣȵľһҪһеĽʲôϵӵܣʲôѧѧͳͳһ
Ҳóѵģ
ݴһΪѾʶ˳ƷĿģôóƷóѣһȻȷ˽һѣֻҪŹһƷ˵ĻҲΪϻ
׵
Ʒһȣֱȴ˲ӰеľӰսһɫһȥųݵķնȥ
䣡
սͳ֮ײһ𣬿ֲ磬ɨһ˲һ޴ĺƷ׵Ŀֲ
ݣ
˲䵹˳ȥѪɢڰУղסеĳˣֶ
ƷĵƲ
ݶʱ󺧣ֻӣˣˡ
ǳƷڹؼʱ̻˵棬ֱԵ˳ݵؿڡ
أ
˳ݵؿڣȴһƺߣ˵˳ȥݺˤ̵ŵ̺ĵϣݺϹֻЩȫͷûиɢˡ
ۣ
̲סһѪ˳ֱֱĿųƷûһ˿һˡ
ôûնȥôûնȥ
ҵͳ־ӵɴ۾վƷûǵ⣬նȥ
Ʒɱ˳ݣôţҲ̫ܱұˡ
ұ֧˲ţΪ˹̳ұҵĵλˣóʢ
ϲľǳƷĴͷ
ϧƷվ⡣
Ҳˣ
Ʒ˾Ӱսм˵
㾹Ȼˣ
´һ˲䱬˿ֲƣںֵĿֲƣɲǼ䣬ɽ纣һĳųƷɨ˹
ԺֵƣҪԸƷߣӦʮþȵ飬ֻϧƷɲʲôϺҲһˣΪֻ֮Цſų¡


334 ³²
ƷģΪ֪²ҳ֣
ǳҵĳ֮һԳΪܣ绽꣬ܣҴģʵҲǳҵĹء
ʵҲǽЩҵĹ֮ϣԴͬҲ
ˣµľǳƷڲܲ˴һˡ
дѣȭۣЩǺпܷģһӵѧò᲻ɣҸղѾˣΪܻôƷ˵漴ֶԵڵϵĳ˵Ȼʵͱѧ˳ͷѵǸѵҲԼＸ
ݶʱһھѪ˳ʵڳ֮ͬУҲǳˣ⼸־òϵġ
ƫƫˣôҰˣ
ʱԼ֮ǰ˵ĻȷʵǶǿѧѧ֮УҲֳŵȣŵȾԲǳƷݡ
߰ɣѵҪҽоôӵĻɶÿ˰ɣ
Ʒ˵ҲѹѹĺƷϣʵϣڳµĺѹһ˲䣬ƷԺ֮һöͻȻɢ߲ʹâһ˲ͽһɢȫ޷Ӱ쵽Ʒһ˿һûС
²֪һ㣬ֻΪƷĺǿߵƣֲ֣ܶҲѹסƷĻôһ취ûˡ
ߣ̫ˣΪܹΪΪôĿųƷ˵˵ֱһ˦䣬תųݾˡ
ҵ־ҲվǳҵζĿųƷ˵ʱ۵ĵ㲻һ͸ĸȣأ
вңƷ֮˵â˵ϻгƷ۵ĻôһǸĸˡ
в㣡ҵٺһЦ˵˵ǧͣ㸸ĸҲЧ֪ģ֮ͽǺܶģǧ㹻ܶյģʱɱһײڣ粻ֹ˼Ҿ簡ǿɾ̫ѿˣ
Ʒ˪˳ҵ޵вӣһŵĻôƷĸĸͻΣˡ
޵вƷˣȷʵֻǧûǧշĵ
ȥ֮󣬳Ʒʱ䵭ͷ֮󣬳Ʒʱı
ǳҵ־ҲãǺĳϳԼݣӦöǺڴＯһϵģڴＯűĹɶ
ЩƷõҲܹµóΪֱӵĹϵĻûɾôҴҵĹʩѹˡ
ȻΪڴＯţҾͶĸ
Ʒܿ뵽ӦԵķ
뵽磬¼һվ
ҹĻ٣ӭСȴǵƻͨҵ־Զ
ƷȻһ㶼Ըòûнҵȷ
־ҧгݵ˵
ãҲǵ˼ôҵ䵭ЦţⱾԤ֮УͲóƷܾĻôܹó£˫ԱҪԸƷء
ԽӷԽȡеĸ죡
ҵ䵭һδǽ֮ڵϵӵܣ֪ʵжôĿ£Ϊ˳ҵʵǱɽһǰˣԽˣԽôҲԽ죡
ߺߣʱҪҪʩӸҵ裬ԺҪٱҪȫ˶֮أ־Ц˵Ľˣָô죿
־ͻȻ뵽һ㣬˵
ĸˣû˵ʲôһüֵûˣС󲻶ϵıQҼĶˣһΪҽҵ·ܹƷӣڳƷ޷һһĲѡ
Ǿͺãں޲֮أ־ҧгݵ
ߣҪôȻᱻһܣõŷôôҪף磬˵׾һеĻǱʵȨƸ֮ҵһ˵
֪־ͷ˵
ЩСѾ䶼ϼ롣
ûзϣαƷԵĻܣҪŬ˼
أҵĵ绰𣬳ҵ˵绰绰һͷʱʹһ󼱴ٵ
³ģ²ˣ


335 ڴＯ
绰ͶӰ֮ϣһװһ˵
ҵǹ˾ܣҲǼ˷˵ˣһ£Ҳ¶˾ʧı顣
οڴＯűųȻһҲʲôˣҲûʲôǳҽ˵ġ
ܹͳĴ壬ţһ˵ҲڴＯţҲûбҪ
ܹչزųҵĻƤҲǷǳҪһء
ʲô飿ҵûпڣǳ־Ȱ಻ס˵
ˣϹǹ˾ĵǸæ˵
־ûзӦôһ£ǳ־Ѿôһ£ʱֻú󱳷æʵôһ£ǹ˾ǼŶеĵ𣿡
ҵôһѣ־Ҳ˾ôһ£ӵܣҲɵҲڴＯţ׿ʲôܹھ֮УΪ֮еһĵҩ˾
ľǼŶصĵҲǴ󲿷ֵĵҩ˾ĸΪȻкܶ൤ΪˣԲĹ˾Ҳ̫ˣ˾ѿЩҩȥԼĶط
ǵĹ˾ľʮ꣬ҲԼĺüŵЩԴиָģǺʣÿһŶҪΪڴＯ׬ȡ˺ܶ
ЩʧĻǵĹ˾군ϾǵĲҵڣЩڣǺЩոе¹˾ʲô
ܵĵ̴붼
һûˣôֱ룡
뵽ǳ־ɫҲˢһӣҰûڴＯţʲôˡ
ôܣǲǹ˾ڲйˣҵһӦǹ˾ڲйˣҲΨˣпܵǹ˾ڲĵʧˡ
³ǲˣͲڲйܣ˵йܣҲṫϰǸܿЦһ˵
ҵһӷӦ˹ˣȷʵڲйܵĻֻһֿԣڲˣȻҪƳǹ˾һĵҩ
ôҲܾϣΪܾ˵飬˭յô
С˵Щҩ˾ֶ˼ܹƳĵҩ˵޴ڡ
Ϊҩһӱ¢ϵ״̬˶ƣô۸Ҳӭһһֵѩ
˾ɵôôǳֺãû˾ô
ֻǹ˾ôĹ˾ĵҲһ𱻹ˣҵæʵǺܶ๫˾ĵˣǻãǲ¶ֻһҹ˾ôֱ롣
ערȻܹ¢ϵ׬ǮȻ˵һܹõȥһйôҲûκܹǣҲûκεֹܹɽկ
һ˫нҲ˼
³Ŀǰֻһҹ˾˵ǵĹ˾ѾˣǸæ˵
ҵɫѿһԵĳ־ѾæҵĿʼˣҲҵǸصǸӡ
ڴＯŶеĵҩϣ
ôѾ̳ϻˣ֪ĸӵİöˣǻѾʮˡ
ӵˣֵʮǼʮ
һ뵽ҵһתĸоʱ˵ʲôɾѾˣÿ˶ˣÿҲˣӰѾɢȥˣϴʱЩѾЩҩ˾ܵ˰ɡ
㿪˵ǹĶԣ
ҵץסһһȻæ㿪ӿһһп˵ÿÿֵĿ
ȴһֲḶ́ע̵ȵȣһֲ
ֻǿŸʽеֱ֣Ӵǹ˾ڲ͵ģ˻ԭһ
뷨ʮֵĻƾĵҩƳƵḶ́Ǹܵ飬κһҵڸЦ
һЩֲָģܹоʲôϣǶ٣ҲûãΪڶĹ¶ȲһЩЧرÿһֵҩƵĹ֮¯¶ȾͻᵼЧӴĲ
ǴʱҵûǸ˼ȥƼΪµ뷨
ֻ뵽һ飬ˣڴＯˣʮѪҲ군ˡ
ϢѾȥˣϹпţǵĹ˾Ĺɼۿ϶ˮʱһҹ֮Ҿͻȫ༸ʮ꣬һҹصǰ
ˣ
ҵԺֻ֮ص֣ԭĲҪ˾չһжӰˡ


336 бҧѽ
Ȼ˾»кܶĲкܶǩԼʦʧֻмŵĹʵ⼸ŵһˣôǺµĹ˾ʲôֱأΨһķֱʽΪۺ
ʧȥ֮ڴＯţԺӿɾѹˣûԼɫĹ˾ܹڲҵľ֮д
гԴ˵жߵģɼ۾ͻĻ£һУһ׳н֮ƣһ㹻ˡ
ʱҵ̸ܵˣԼЩĴĲˣǰ׺꣬ǵȥˣҲûд󰭣ΪǴʦܹԴԴϵĸĴھǶ룬ʲô̫Ӱ졣
ֻʵһеԴûǿôһж޸ƮƼһ㣬һֱȰ־ĻҲǵڣʱ˼Ϊ̵˽⡣
һƾͳͷĿѣ
˭˭ôĳԹҵҧгݵ˵޲ýԷʬΣһҹ֮䣬ʮŬ渶֮ˡ
Ĵôܵˡ
Ʒһ־ͻȻ˵ûбˣС϶򵥣֮ǰܹŪЩƷʵϴ赤ֻĵıû˲ܣ϶йϵôɣ
־Խ˵նԽǾܿܺͳƷйϵӦ˵ȷˣ϶ͳƷйϵ
ûôɵ顣
־ôһᣬҵʱҲ뵽һ㣬ʲôɺϣ˭ôģר͵ǼҵĵϣֻΪ˺棬Ͼûôɵˡ
ڹϣǰǼģҪ˵ǳƷҲ̫ܡ
ǲ飬Ҳֻģҵҧ˵Ψģǲлһ¥ųұҵ³һֻĵʱЩûΣһŻĵȣֱ֮֮ˣûʲôɱԣ
ҵҲһڴＯһҩ˾ĺˣ̾ˣǲǳƷģʱҲֻǳƷģжȡĵôǵĹ˾еþȣܹһ¥֮ǰЩʧʲôء
û϶ģ
־ûô࣬ʱҲֻóƷźڹˡ
ʱҵ־Ѿ취ҪʼԾˣ벻ǣΪֻǱĳƷʵǹЩˡ
˵ҪƵǸܵ飬ǺųƵһĵҲĵزǶŵʼĳƷ˵ȴ顣
һ˿񵤵ʢĵͬȷʵŴĵһƳ³£ǹһˡ
ʶڵѾԶԶ޷ĵزˣһЩǳĸ߼ҩǻЩ鷳ڴＯ֮Ϊĵվ˵̶ֳȵ˵ȴ̫ˡ
ƷԲһĬĬˣǳ־ͳҵ˾ȻвļˣۣԲ̡
Աôһ׳нİ취ûЩڴＯҲˣȵɽӹ˾ǿôʱڴＯʱˡ
־ҵǿ󣬵ʵ޸֮Ƽ˳Ʒרſǵģֱһɱһ׼
ƷҲûеϺܾãո뿪ĳҵˣٶˡ
˶ɱڵĿųƷôһ֣ڴＯʮڵֵҲ˵ǺǱһҹ֮˼ʮڣβۡ
Ʒɵĺ£ҧгݵĿųƷ˵
ҸʲôΪʲôȥƷʱȻܳġ
װɵˣ㽫ڴ﹫˾ĵϣ־һ˵
ǿЦڴＯŵĵô֪˷ȥˣǿĸʿߣǵ¶ֵİɣʲôϵأƷǵȻ˵Խӣ־˾ԽǾô¿϶йϵ
ǳƷںֻҪò֤ݣǶԼʲôء
ϲľǶԷһҧԼȴ޿κεӣбҧѽ
СҽҪѵѵ㣬ĵ͵´ʱѾʧȥǣһ뵽Լ˾ļʮڣֱо඼Ҫͣˡ
ǲǳƷģҪֻеõ˻ĵп
ңҿŴģƷ˵
أҪֵʱԶһ󼱴ٵĽŲ


337 ͻ
һ󼱴ٵĽŲһС֮еı̤˹
Щڸ϶żΪ뺷ϢÿһսսʿϵϢƷʵ̫ϤˣǼҹӶıھӵġ
ֻһӱȻ񣬵ȴҲֻΪΨǸΪ׵ıӳǺ쾳硣
˳ƷȫǮҳİ֮⣬ּİ飬ѾǷǳˣټﻹǳҵլһ˵Ҳ˸ǴѰ·
֮жٸֱּﵷңֱѰ·
ղ˭ľӳǰһȻһ˵
ղŽӵͼҴҵĸ˹סˣ϶һǰҲμӼĹ壬ţҪǳ֮еĹһЩˣǾһˡ
ǽɳеһӵϴ˸ˡ
Ȼֳ˶ŵ˫
ң
Ʒ֣
˭ΪʲôҪ
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ܵ룬μӼģҷ⼸ҲҲŰľ
Ʒ˵
Ȼһ׼ûУĵһʱͰ˾ԸⱩ¶ޣĻҾõѡ
ǼʲôˣΪʲôҪӳæ˵Ʒܹǰμӳҵļ䣬Ǿֻһֿˣ꿼ѧļľӢͼӡ
Щǲܵģڿûʲôٹʮʮ꣬ǻ϶Ϊͳν׼һ֡
ߣǼ峤ϣ£ʱǰһ˵
ӳʶҲ֣̫ˣǼˣֳ̫ձˣȻ˶ʶġ
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ǳƷһҲǲͬ죬ǰ;ҪϽĵͷϳ飬ҪҪˡ
һʱ䲻ɵΪ
һͼ죬ڼϸƻҪ㽫ץʢ˵˵
ӳͷƤ飬Ȼ˵˼λϣȻǳϣǰһ飬ӦòܵģûȨң
סģҳҵĹڻûյˡҲܹˣӳֻô˵
ãããҲеΥңŲţһ仰㶪룡´ŭ˵
ţҶ֮ǰһƬڸ㲻ҪҲ֣ӳµĻŭˣȻĵλǲ£ǺôҲѾ˺쾳磬Ҳδûпܽϡ
ȻֻһӳΪǼĴ£ԷǾӢɳ
Ļðɣ뵽ҪЩǮɵŭȳҷҪŪأֹң
ûҵְǱÿһ˵İȫݲκ˶ǣ
ӳǰ˵ʱѾûбѡˣµͱ޿ˣӲһ㣬ܹڳƷǰһá
ѧѧǰ;ֱ޷
ҵҪССİӳҪôң
´һȻ˲ͳųƷˡ
䣡
һ֣ɲǼ䣬˺ֵĿֲƣϯ˿ˣɲ֮ͬǰһƣŭ֮£ûһ˿һ֡
ڴʱǸӳ֪Ƕ֣Ҳǵ˳Ʒǰ
أ
ɲǼڰ֮ײһ𣬿µ˲һɨ˳ȥ
ƷվǸӳҲܹо˽ֺ紵ϣһ۵ĸо
ĺֵܱˣ
ãããҽƴҲҪǸۣ
ŭʤֱӳǸӳķ׷ɱ˹ȥ
أ
أ
أ
ÿһεĹǸӳò˱ãȻǸӳҲǺ쾳磬ȻͳȣŲСĲࡣ
ϣܿͱĽڽڰˣ
ڳѾ˳Ʒǰʱһʵ
Щڸʲô
ħһȻȵ˫סˣʱٿȥȴȴһʮģ꣬һϮɫߵĳֱۣм䡣
꽣üĿΪӢֻüͷ΢һϵĸоС


338 ط
üĿ꣬ǳҲãǸӳǳݣҵ־˶һˣû뵽
峤˵
ƷŷӦ˹üĿ꾿ʲô·ƿֲ
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һ֮Уѷ֣
һĳӵ̫֮ҫۣƷҪע⵽Ǽǲܵ顣
ﵽ׷ʲô飿ǰһʵ
˶ʱоһǿѹһ仰˷·һǿѹͷ
Ʒüͷһ֣¿϶֣ǲ֪ǷѾ쾳ˡ
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ÿһεĳ峤㲻ǵʱΪǿ֮ˣҲǵʱΪǿ֮һ
ּңû㹻ǿʵηڡ
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ղһŭʧ֮󣬶ʱʶжˡ
֮ǰŭյʱ򣬿Բܲ˵ĳ֣Ȼŭ𱻳¸ˣͲò顣
ȴֻһߣȻ¶ʱֻƺһ嵹˳ȥݺˤ˵ϡ
ǰ˵ѣº˵Ȼֻ峤δΪ峤ǲûȨ
ʵϣΪҽеļ峤ѡ֮һڳ֮еĵλҲֻ峤һЩ̫ϳ֮£ǳѰƽʱ¸ῴһۡ
˵ָų˵
ԭڳƷǰʴʵĳԳµʱѾʧȥ˿˼˵ӰѧΡ
ǰĳ¿һ߿״Ԫ֮Ĳֱ࣬ر
ǼҲԺգԺҲ÷ֺ˭ȣڳҵ־˵ȻǸ߸ϣǶڳ˵Ͳֵһᡣ
սս˵ˣҲ˵ʱؾһЩԼժ˳ȥ
Ǻεˣ̾жϳࡣ
Ǿôôµ˵
ƣ˵ʲ˵ʱüëֱ֣°᳤ϵλãǰ߷֮꣬׼ݣСҲƽϣ㸸ףҲҪȥǰ߷꣬ҵ־ǸӴųҵ˷ˣܻҳҵӽ쿪ʼǽЧ
ڵļ˶±ˣû뵽¾ȻصоҪ֪ƽʱҲˡ
峤ԩ
峤Ĳǹģ
ҧһ仰˵Գֻһ˫۾Ķס˳Ʒ޲ýʬΡ
ҵ־ӸǲҪιȥˣҲûӭҵоΨһľǳҵݣǽ롣
ڴＯŷչЩ֮Ҳ֪˶ǿУҲųҵĻƤܹѣڳҲڱӻˣǿɲ군ô
ô˵¶޶ԣʱǼ䣬֪жǰʱ֮ǾȻҸ£Ҳǣ
Ȼ˳Ʒ˵ǳƷ֪㣬ģҳֶһӢţڿҲһƲ磬ҳͷǲƫ㣬Ҫֶ֪εԼ֣ͬһʲô³Լͬ˶ҪЩֶΣҳҺ棬棿ڴＯŵĵϵ飬ҲǲǺйϵû֤ݣҲΣϣгһգὫԼˣ
ƷӭųµĿ⣬ᶨ˵²ôûеߣֻԸԱˣǱԱҼвңҲֻкòˣ
Ǹӳе±ˣû˸ڳǰô˵أһĳ£ƷȻһ㶼ʾһ㶼á
¿ųƷ˵ǧһɧҲʵҹգֱ俪ʼԼú
˵꣬±뿪ˣҲû˿ͣ
ˣˣ
ҵ̱˵ϣδоо嶼Ϳˡ
ҲֻĿ䣬ĶųƷһ֮źͳ뿪


339 俪ʼ
һֱ֣ӽ˶±ˣȴûκ˸ɳµо
ԳµƼ㲻峤֮ӣҲûܹԽĴڣзϾзֵ߲Ҳûκô
߲㲻Ϊ˼Сͳ¶ŸɣΪûбҪҪǣµҲ֪һǲռֵ峤ǱߣĽҲκεĲ
ܸһ߲ǵ񣬵ʱǾͲͷͿˡ
ƷҲ죬յĵص㣬סıڳƷ˵վͽհɣÿԳʱ䣬һԼΪ
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Ʒ֪ǣкܶ˴ݷģ˶óЩѧˣδǰ;ǲġ
ʱͶȻʵʱ򣬵ҲδЩѧŹâ֮£ͶҪõĶˡ
ټĳȻҲһ飬ҲǷֳɺܶϵЩϵҪѪҺǳƷͻȻһð֮ǰһŰֽһǳκһϵֵ֧ġ
ûκԼ֧ܹߵһһƥĳɫĲӡ
⼸Ǳ¸˽գֻ³ƷҲٲҪЩɧˡ
һιؽգú˼ˡ
ʱһζƷصʱǳҼ俪ʼʱſзɳڵȴųƷ
Ʒܿͱ͵˼Ļ᳡᳡ǳĹ󣬳ΪҶһָĴ壬ÿļ䣬ʶҶеԿмڲɷãȻûл׼᳡ڲҲһʢҶС
ߵ֮£Ʒܿͽ˻᳡ڲΪαƷȻͨпġ
Ʒܿͱһİ֮УҰܺãֱӿĽУϢ
Ƿֳ֣һǿŵģҶڶֻ֣ԳڲŵĻˣǳһܳӵܵдԵȵȡ
ƷǱĿûжãʱ᳡ϷһԶ˵ע˹֪俪ʼˡ
տĹ㳡ܿʼ˰˽ЩһⶼŻĹŴĳۡ
Ϊ׵һЩˣÿ϶ľĿֲƣȻҲֻгƷܹôңԶоϲơ
óƷΪǣлһϤӰǸ˲Ǳˣǳ¡
ҲһĹŴۣԵӢˬԻмĲ꣬ȻӦþǼͳͬΪδ峤ߵῡܡ
ҴӺ󱲵ˣΪֻкĺãǼŻȥ
Щ˵УΪ׵һԼĪʮģӣһۣü֮мƣŲŭƣҲȫ˵Ľ㡣
ҵ峤ϡ
ڳϵĴ֮½ţ̳һʱ䣬ڽ
ЩҲù緹֮뿪ϾǵʱҲܱûʱ
緹֮磬ǳڲʽʼ
ھһĻ֮󣬲ֵһд轻
ҵһʵ̫ˣҲֻЩܳͬ˳֡
ƷҲڵõ֪ͨǰ㳡
ʱտĹ㳡Ѿ޴̨ͬʱ峡ԣƺ٣һβμӱԵˣҲֻٶ˶ѣпѧģҲֻʮ˶ѣʣµٶȫǿʮУľӢѧ
ʮУȻǲѧǺʣҲྫӢѧ֮еٮٮߣȻûпܾŲʣܲˡ
;Ʒ˳졣
ҵĶԹҲһˣƷų˵ڰҵ֮ǰˣȻһʧģ
ңǺǣֻЦһ漴˾ͽ
ʱѾһЩϲĴҲ׷״˾ΪЩ˾ǴųҵδǵδϢϢء
кܶǵܲע
֮⣬עľǳһѧˣ֮еĴ󲿷ʮУûпϣϳʸûУҲֻĽĿųϵЩˡ
һһμıд裬ڿʼ


340 һУҲֻһУ
Ὺʼ֮󣬳ϵγ˴Ļϣ˵λҵǣǶǳһٮٮߣܹʮУѧ֤ļд裬ÿһ˶ܹðҵĽͣÿһλ֣ܹܶһңһֱ󣬶ʤǰзḻĽǾ仰ǳҶ츳ˣ׵ˣǲ
ҵӵܶһӻȻˣֻҪܹʮУǽһ򣬶һǿоͶһ򣬵ÿܹõĿɶˡ
ǰĽʲôҲкܶȤѰ˾ܹôĽǰĽȻض˵϶ǴֱʵĽ
˿ۺ죬ƽֻмǧʱһĽһҹˡ
ʱ׾ϵһͨڶ֮УǰһÿƽҲͼǧĹʡ
ЩƴɱڵһߵߣЩ壬㶼ܻʮϰ롣
һӹŹֵľϵͱˣʱ֮Ǯ˼ǮˣҲܿĵˣԼϣ򹦷ҩս׵ȵȣЩǾ޴ġ
ǮҲû䣬ԷֵľϵܹȥҲ֮ƶһ
Կ֪ϰһѧ˵жôˣοٻһͿԻϰ̼ˡ
Щ׼ϳѧҲоԼıϢˡ
õѭƣÿ˶ҪʹĸֹУһֱʤΪֹ
Ҳ˵ԵĻܹǧĽ˵һҹԲš
ǳƷԿܸߴǧĽҲ޶ԡ
Ǵ壬֮ǰѧУȫ֮ͬǰʮܹóǰʮǿѧѾˡ
ǳһԾóڵʽ𣬸һϵġ
Ϊ˻ܳû뵽ջ񣬲ǰʲôöˡ
ڣԿʼ
һ仰սᣬȻͿʼˡ
ٶˣܵһʱȫԵԳƷȻȴϳ
ֹ˰Сʱֵ˳Ʒϳ
ƷյϢ˵ʮŵ̨
Ѿһֵһˡ
һʮʮ˾ģ꣬һɫƷңңԡ
㿼ѧ꿪ڣųƷ
ղԼƷֵӦѧЩѧ
Ʒ˵ͷҲû
ʱǲ֪ô֪صˣȻףܹѧģǱ֮ǰΪһ˹ʺˣҽȥģǶЩǿ˵˵Ƕƾűʵȥġ
ʵ˵ĻᶼûС
ְɣҳֵĻûл֣Ʒ˵
Ǹ΢΢һ漴¶˼ŭݣܹѧˣͬ죬ǳƷҲ̫Сûл֡
ǺãҾͲˣڵģ
ˣһȻͳųƷһжһڱȻͳųƷһ̳ⷺĹâƺƵֱӳųƷ˹
ˢ
һâ˸һ˲䣬һųƷĲ֮ɨ
̫ˣ
Ʒ̧֣а׵ָ֪ʲôʱһڱǰֱһȻֻǼ򵥵һȴǧ֮

һһʱоһɿֲ˲䱬ˣŰеĳϡ
ôܣô󣡡ǸޱȵľҲûƷʲôĶǾЩղסеĽǿסеĳǽâȴѾ̵˳Ʒߣһ׶࣬ȫˡ
˶ڲôͻȻʧˣֻԼ֪û֣һѧѧôСĶΪ
ûκôղסˡ
ʱ򣬻ջس׼һƷǾѾɱ
Ʒٶ̫ˣֻһ˲䣬ͻεǰȻȻһֱ˳ȥ
أ
˲ͱ̧ŵĳƷһؿڣȻһߵķݣݺݵ˳ȥֱɳ̨ϣȻݺ˵ϡ
һУ
̨µĲҲǺһڷӦ˹Ʒٶ̫ˣǳٶȿ죬˽Ҳܿ졣
һУҲֻһУ


341 ȡʤ
ȵƷת̨˲ڻعЩѧһը˿տķˮһˡ
ܶ˸û뵽һȻһսûС
ǸʮУѧȻƷһжסʱǶ˳Ʒ֮ǰ˵ĻöԷȳ֣ĻԷֵĻᶼûС
֮ǰǻóƷ̫ڿƷһ㶼ţƾţơ
⡭Ҳ̫˰ɣѵѧʮУѧ֮ĲôȻһжס̫ˣ
ȷʵ̫ˣѧѧˮ׼ô
ҿҲȻ֮ǰҲѧѧ㱻̵Ĳôһѧָ֮ǰһսͬѧѧȴ㱻ѧ̡
˫ʵ࣬صΪ˭Ӯпܡ
ǿӦòѧ֮ĲˣȻѧ֮ȷʵв࣬ҪӦǱĲɣ
ƷѾ̨Ϊ֪Լ϶ʤÿǸѧʵԭʮеĵһŷʵҪǿһЩѾصΪ
ʮУѧ֮УҲٮٮˣ˭ǳƷأڳƷ˵̶ֳȵĶ֣²ȫҲһͿԻܵĶ֡
ûʲô
صԼλϣƷΪӵĻӰ죬ѧصλ֮ҲˣѵõĻᣬʼָʮϵսǱ˵Ҳһ޴Ŀ飬Ͼÿ˶ܹǳƷǰɱ֡
ֵ˰Сʱ֮󣬳ƷֿʼĵڶֱһԼĪʮ߰ģ꣬ѹûҪͳƷԵ˼
ֻǹ˵ˣҲĶ֣Ҳ뽫˷ϣҲҪʧܣҪԸЩʵҲˣ
ҲʮУľӢѧȻǷǳĴ֮ǰպÿ˳Ʒһоͽ˶ֵսҺͳƷս
ЩѧǣȡᣬȻע򲻹ͲҪ˷ʱˣһҪǱشˣǿɾͲֻҪˣؼٻһˣ׬һ򰡡
ЩǮ׬һ붼۵ĺܡ
ƷҲûΪһͷת̨ҲֵÿԽʡȻ˵ܿ졣
ûй̫ãٶֵ˳ƷˣһĶѾʮУѧˣͬһĿ֮пѧѧ
ͬǿѧѧԼĽȻ㳯ųƷͶ
һһͷ꣬ν˶ȫļ·Ҫըһ·ŵĹĹĵģһ޴ͬҲ
Ǹѧ˳ƷɵЦЦ˵Ȱûǳ䣬Ļҵҿɾûа취ˣҵǲ˵ģ
ҪǱҵĶ˹ͷǾ㵹ùˣ
ԣƷδݣһ۾Ϳóѧȷʵ൱ǿˣȻѾ۷壬ֻǾҲֻһ֮ңˣĳˡ
ʹرĸ˵ѰشսǣҲоͷۣһ㲻ѡӲ
ǳƷɲͬ
ĵĻԿɣ
ƷǸѧ˵˵󻰿ûõġ
Ǿͱˣ
ǸĽ˶ѧһȻеֱɨ
δ£ǿֲľѾµ˺ɨֱӴĳƷ·죬ϻܹоֵͬһεƤۡ
гƷʱɲǼ䣬ƷˣӰս֡
أ
һ޴ĺûֱгƷƷҲûκε㣬ֱӾǲ㣬סһι
ֻѰսѣҲرƷֻһֳֵֻ͵סǧ֮ĺҡ
ǸĽ˶ѧϵ黹ûɢȥͿ˲˼һĻƷȻ־͵סԼĹ
ö
Ժ֮иոðһͷ̾˸ܵĻᣬΪһɲǼ䣬ƷǾѾɱ˹ɱǰ
ƷŤתһȺһһɨ˳ȥɨĽ˶ѧ塣
ѧһ׾Ŷ˲ƶߵķһ˳ȥûзӦ
ƷһȴҲǿ磬޷Ҳû˿֮
Ʒʤ
Ʒɺȡʤ


342 Ҹ߲
һУһжѣӸɴս
򵥴ֱսҲ˺ܶ˵ע⣬˿ʵ໥ԹƷּ򵥴ֱĺɨ񣬴ִһƺûʲôɿģϸһ룬־ûսʹ졣
ѧѧҲˣ֮ǰǸʮУѧҲһĲѧУĲҪһ̫ǿˣʲôţкܶѧʱʼͶԳƷȤˡ
гƷ֧ӵܣڻûǽأ֮ǰѹûĽϰĻ϶а
֮ǰп˭֪ôһģûȤˣϵ̫ϡˣˣʵģ
⵹ǣǱ߲ûи֣̫ˣƷӦþǵǱеĶˣ
ѧΪҴӪҲѾؽ磬ڵҲУǳҵ־ӣǴ󲿷ֻǾסؽ֮С
ؽ֮иΣգϾӼңǲɷϵǣֵıҲԶȵĶˡ
ڴ󲿷ֵѧ˵ǹ磬ȴҲһңԶΣⱲӶûȥȻҲ̸ʲô飬ںܶ˵Ѿֻһˡ
ڳƷ˵ЩȻȻģϢԶ쿴Ҳû˿ǱȻЩָܸκεв
ֹ˰Сʱ־ѾʼˣһγƷĶֻһѧѧɵסƷһУԾǱһɱˡ
֮ĵ֣֣֣ƷɺȡʤһУһУһУ
ʤĴԽԽ࣬ıҲԽԽ˵Ĺע
ѾгƷˣɴȡһţгһС
ΪʲôǿУڳƷǰֻһоͿԻ˶ѡ
ڶжҪ
ЩѧѧҲʮУѧĽûʲôЩһѧ˵ǿûߵѧǶڳƷ˵ǿɨĴڡ
Ʒĳɫ֣Ҳ˳Ҹ߲ע⣬ƷһֳɫĻһ죬ȻǳƷһɱ֣Ҳ֮ھܱȶͶ
˵սҲǷֻ˳Ʒֿ׼ݣԷһûӦһоܹԷܡ
ʽѤкȶԷ̶ʱ֮ڣͲòͶ
ֵܵĹϵԵ֮һƫԶĵĹϵ˺ܶ˵ע⡣
߸ߵϯ̨ϣҵĸ߲㶼һһλ֮ϣĿȴһ̶ûֹͣ˳е˵ϡ
ЩѾǽǿѧôоǰϲ٣һϿڣջ̾һ˵
ǰЩǻԻ͵һ峤²Ҳһô
Ѿкü궼ˣóҸ߿Ȼһ쾳ѧӣҲһֳ裡
Ҳûа취ֹҳң岻Ҳô˭ܱ֤궼ܹ߿״Ԫѧأ
һЩ⼸ұҵһĻԻͣѾǳһˡ
ֵܾȻֵͬܣһԵĵطǷ˰ɣоȻܳôӣǴСͽӵ֮͸һ쾳Ҳһ
һе㲻ȷ˵Ϊܹ쾳ѧٮٮ֮еٮٮߣǳңȻܳһҲ붼ʮš
Ǹӳ⼸ıһֱܺãһֱǼעĶ󣬵ǸƷһҹ֮ðһ֮ǰһ㼣ûУ
ѵǿôǰҲûӵˣҲгƲƷͻȻһӿˣܶ࣬˿֡
Ǹ˭ŪһǸƷϣ
һҪ֮󣬺ܿ죬ҵ鱨ϵͳͳˣСʱѣڳƷϾѾӵǱߴ˹鱨ĸЧ֪
ܿ죬ڳƷϣѾЩϵǰ
㷭һ£ЩϵǰԽԽƷϿȥ֮ǰֱһǴڽǰϾһǳͨѰˡ
˸ֵǹעһоʹӸʼͬˣȫһȫУһٵһеһٵԴȷֿѧ֮С
һ˿һ飬Ʒһ겻ˡ


343 ı
⿴ϣоƷֱѳ֣ǰʮµµΪ֮˶̸ϣǺ꽫һʱ䣬˵һǰ뱲Ҫ飬ȫˡ
ָѸʵ̫ǿˣǿҵ벻ע⵽С
ͳƷȣĳĶˣСʱͱֳ㹻츳Ȼһ·صУصУ˸л˶һУڶһ֮ҲΪһСˡ
ǿΪϤһ
Ҳú߲ܶ㳤ϼųƷ϶ǵõʲôһӿˣԴ˴󲿷˵˼ǱȽοġ
վλú͸߶ȷˣǲܺһƽʲô֮˭ûܹߵ죬ⶼǺ飬ҲֵôСֻ֣ʱ֮гƷ˱Ҫʮ·Ե÷ǳͻѡ
ʵʵ˵ƷȻ㣬Ҳ̸Ͼžޣ
ǳǰ㣬һĸ߿״ԪŻĳӡ
Ҳû٣ϾܶʵڳңټѰƽ֮еĸǴҲǲҪȡһ߿״ԪѶ֮ӹɡ
⼸꣬ұ˵߿״Ԫˣʸ߿״Ԫ˶Ѿ겻ˡ
ͬҵϵӵܶõ˱ȫ࣬ƷͳõľٵĶˣ컹ڼ߷Χ֮ڣõԴҵĵϵӵҲٵĶˡ
ƷǻΪ㣬ǺѰ˵ĲڣǿԼȵĸΪѵá
úܶĳ̾ϢܹЩʱˣӵ˵ϣܹͻƵ쾳磡
̾Ϣ֮Ҳ˼˶Ե߻ģ֮ǰûӡϵӡǣʱ£˾Լˡ
ȻǴСǴʱ£Ҳü
ҶҪ壬ϵľҲδͣϢ۶ڶľ˶ǵһҪأŶǵһҪء
ҲǺͬʱԳƷͳ佱һЩкӵܱƷܵĳ֮⣬˶ǶԴ˽ڳޡ
ʱסҲڲ鿴Ʒϣһ߿һüͷ΢漴˵⽭ҵ˾ȻһǧںͨǳҵӵܣѵҪǳҿսôֱϴȥϢңǳͣ浱ҳҺ۸ô
ãЩûʲôԱߣµ˵ͷ˵ҵҲȷʵ񻰣Ȼͨҳҵͷϣ
ʱڳϵĳƷѾӭԼڰֵĶ֣ȴȻ֣ڰֵĶ֣Ǳˣǳݡ
һڱĳ˫ֽգĶųƷ֮гź⣬ΪƷĹϵĸױǰꡣ
ǿ޴սǰߣÿÿ붼ˣǰʵ̫ˣǺҲ˵Ա֮һСĶ
ǳƷ;ƲˣⶼǱƷġ
ȻзǳģǳݿûǸȥ£˫λʵǲ̫Զˣر𣬼ѧһҲκα仯
ͽеĳԹк˳ƷϣҲṵ̂Ҫ̵ƷһŵҲƲݱǸӡ
ƷҲޱĿųݣܹ֮ܵдݳĺ⣬ΣĴͲķ
Ʒ
ҧгݵ˵
ɣ˷ʱ䣡Ʒ˵
˵ĻҲֳͨ˵ĶУ˶еãȻǶʶݣһҺӵ֮еٮٮ֮һ
ԾԵʵѧ
ʲô
ƷȻҪó䣿˷ʱ䣿
˶Լ϶ˣٷְˣôܣѵ֮ǰйֲɣ
ҲƷֵʤȯգôġ
ӣƺеķʸϹ˵ģҲһֺģ֮ǰʲô
䣿ôܣƷ㺦ôңôùҾҪ㸶ۣĿųƷȻӻͳһöѾ׼õĺɫҩ裬ȥ
ȻֱҩˣһֱҲֹҩбŪǿʵĵҩҲһֱ£ԽӽʵսΪĿ꣬ѵʵսлҪֹĵ̷ҩô
ⲢûʲôƽģΪƽʹˣӱսףٵĹõԴڲƽҲֻһˡ


344 һֻѹƳ
䣡
ݵϣһɿֲϯǿˣ˲ϯ˿
Ʒ˲͸ܵ˳ݵʵֱӴԭѰԾص۷塣
һöѪɫĵҩȻܹǿݵʵҪЧԶԶȲƷƵһתϽ𵤡
Чʵ̫Զˣ
ҲڳƷ˵ģѰ˵ЧǺܹġ
Ʒ㺦ǼѣΪһŹôһ˴۲ŪһöǿĵҩضҪ㸶ۣҧгݵ˵һ뵽ԼױǰߣΣڵϦеŭ͸ͣЪ
ûô̰ıеĵô䵽³ƷЦ˵
ҳݿ˳ƷЦݣʱŭɶһӷ˳󳤽ȻһӳˣֲĽֱγɣڳϣȻųƷն˳ȥ
ûа취ý壬ֻкֲ飬Ǹز൱ӵԶ̵ĹֶΣҲĿֲĶˡ
ˣʱĳݿҲԵüΪֲ
ɢһֲѪɫۻޱȣϵȣٶҲһӱ˺ܶ࣬ɲǼ䣬Ѿ嵽˳Ʒǰ
ۿҪһƷĺȴڴʱƷľӰսҲˡ

սײһɲǼ䣬ѪɫͳƷײһС͵ˣϯ
ǸݼԼһȻûгɹʱܹоԼʵڱǿÿһ붼йȥһĳ̶ȣǹȥԼڵԼҲæң赲
û뵽ƷȻ赲ƺս˵ʲô
ǵģȻʵһڳƷ˵ǸģϴŸ£һȻܹ۷ʵ
һظĶ֣ɾͻᱻ
ݣΪ֮Ĳ࣬ҩôƷ֪֮ǰһս϶˼Ϊ̵ӡΪԼ𣬲ŻѴֵҩ
ˣҲδͻƳƷļޣֻгƷԼ֪ļжôĿ£θ죬ԶԶһܹ󵽵ĶҪǿĶˡ
Ʒ˵һеľӰսȳ֣ųնȥ
Ҳ񣡡
ݶʱŭ˼£ֻоƷ̼״̬ĳųƷȥ



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̨ΧļĿײ
һսҲ˴ѧע⣬ЩѧȻѧѧҲʮУѧǻеġ
ܹóʱڽֵ˵жôΣգͽݺύ̨ϻһһĺۼ
ɨһµĻ㴩ս׶Ҫֱɨɳȥ
̫ˣ
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֮ǰЩ˺ͳƷž޴Ĳ࣬Ȼǿҩʵȷʵǿ
̫ˣʽǱľ磬൱ս˼
Щѧܿ͸оԼЦˣղŻ˫ӦƾУѷָ²ŶԣǺܿƷʵжˣǵ뷨ˡ
ݵʵ˲е۷壬ǾȻǱƷѹˣƷҲֳ۷ʵ
۳ôĽâԶڳƷâ֮£ûá
أ
أ
أ
ƷһֻᵶȻݸѹȥݵĴҲܱƷԹԹһײһӱˣѪֱ۶ˣһѾΪǱˡ
ܣôܣҵʵѾȥ㲻ҵĶ֣
ܹоԼʵôƷԶҪǿһЩ׵Ľѹס
һָоԵĲˣһƬޱߵĴһޱ޾ҲܶԸˡ
УȥһܣҲģݴһأԭѾͣ͵ʵֿʼˡ
һΣֱӴ۷뵽أȻֻжݵʱ䣬Ƕ˵ҲѾˡ


345 
䣡
ϱѾʮֿ񱩵ٶһΣصľ硣
ҩѾ߷˼ˣܹزѾǼˡ
ݸоԼһ˺ѵĸоǿȲһ˳Լ޵ĿֲŻһϸ˺ѵĸоⲢһִʵڵġ
󲿷ǿʵĵҩ˶ĸãЩҩΪʵڶʱڼЧģԻ϶ܿ񱩣һ㶼ƽ͡
ǲϲ֪Լ״̬Ѿ۷ˣڿƷʱѾû֮ǰƵ飬һͷڿԼʱ򣬲Ѫ
ƷҾѪֻоԼȫòԻǰκǿеĸо
ʱ޿̲һĻΪ峤µĽҲҹıҲֻܽļпƷ
֮ǰҪԼƷĻҪôء
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ˣƷҪˣҪˣݰ˾ڣ߲ƣǳųƷģ
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Ҳˣ೤Ҳı֣Ժǰ;ʧˣʵʵӦûڿҩĳ֮ϣ
ˣҶºúһˣһϹ⿪˵
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Ϊ˶ڳƷĿӣ뷨˺ܶ࣬һӣͳ˸ָ
أƷüͷ΢ǰݵʵһ¥ȻѾﵽصΪ
ڵʵȻܹܣҲֻǲܶѣҪٻܳݣҲͳ˲ܵ顣

ݶʱһ˳ƷնһƷˣ⻹˽ĵһΡ
ݶʱϲһȴƷΪֻǵĿ˵ȻǾǰʶһºˣܳģǰ㿴ɣ
䣡
ԭѾ˼ޣҲ۷ĳƷȻһɲǼ䣬˿ֲȻûΪſ˸µָ֮ٶȶѾﵽһΡ
ƷսҲһӴ۷һء
ǳƷʵʵһֱѹţԭԳݵʱãȫóˡ
ΪҩôҵľʵǰҩҲӶѣƷ˵ΪܹҵʵʵƳĽͣ㣡
ʲôУƷ̫ˣ
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쵽˼£ͺһһɲǼҪʤɲǼ䣬ҪƷܡ
ϳƷķӦ죬оӰսһ˵ٶȳųݵĳնȥ
ʱȫֵĳƷٶȸǿĺһɫӰһȻǺ󷢵ģȴȵڰ;Уס˳ݵһ

ڰײһ𣬱˱ȸղŸӿֲˣԵײΪģֱӺɨ˳ȥγ紵˵۵ģ
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ǳƷһѾȫ˳ˣֻǿὣһ£ʱ͸оԼˣһӵ˳ȥϵ˿ڻδϾͿѳµ˿ڡ
ڶδȫֵƷûûһٶն˵
ʱﻹյסĳ˲һӵ˳ȥƷսԵɨ˳ݡ
ֻǵɨеҲǺ˵ģͬߵķһɳ̨
ʧˣ
ƷҲŵԣУֻжѣ


346 ǵľ̾
УҲ٣㹻Ʒݴˡ
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̸Ц֮䣬߲㻹̸Ц˫սѾ¯ˡ
ǳƷһ·ɨǿ֣ʵϣҲжѡ
˫ʵʵ̫Զˣ
⡭⡭⡭ѧĿɿڴĿһĻֱҪ˵ˡ
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峤һ֮УΪҲǰé˰ɣ⻹ǷĽҪǵõɾͼֱ޷󣡡
ЩѧЩҲͬһĸо
ܶ˸ûǿõˣȻ˵Ĳһ˵ǳ̫һˣǳƷ̫ǿˡ
⡭ƷȻʵصôã֮ǰǾȻһ㶼ûпһϺð֮󣬲ڿ˵
ʵǸ£Ÿ£һۼĳϲࡣ
Ļʱ
Ʒ֮ǰѾɨûһ֮УΪʵȴû뵽ȻʵĽ
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ʱĻϻڻطųƷղǾ˵ǿֲƺ֮ǰȷʵͬһĴڡ
صΪǾȻܹصսȷʵ򵥣
һӵУû뵽ȻԵ߻ĵϵֵۣܳ
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ںúĻüǶոտϴѧδȻҳҶ֮ţ
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һֱƣν磬޿ɵֵΪľǶԿ졣
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ڣƷֵ˵ھ֣һ֣Ҳ˹עĽ㣬ǳҸ߲㣬ЩСͨˣעŵ˳Ʒߡ
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ұһӵ֮Уǿĸ֣ҲǱ֮Ϊõˡ
ȻһҶеĵһҲҶ֮Ķǿ֮һ
һŮӵܹߵͬһѩʵȻض˵һֱҲصĶ
ԳƷ֮ǰδţͻȻһðϵ֣ѩûд⣬ޱȵء
֮ǰҲйעƷսʲôǿжһнĳݣȻ˼УҲóƷʵһĻɫ
ǰͳݽ֣ȻȳҪǿϲ٣ҲһԷɱ
ȻԼģҲܲһǿС
⻹ڶһͬε֮ͬиоһǿѹһξһͬԵĳݡ
ţһܹߵһֱҲˡ
û뵽Ҳܳѩе㸴ӵ˵
ƷţҲܶ࣬һжƵģ߿ʱѾ쾳ˣ
ƷܹоĳؽеһԽУȷʵΪ˵ؽĺӻȵϳǿһ
ҲõĶã
֪ͬνˣȻߵһᾡȫܣѩ
ƷܹоõѩǿҵʤһŮҲ̶߲ȣѹ
õĻ԰ɣ
Ʒ˵
ѩıϵһһ˳ǹɫĳǹ·һ۵Ĺâ
һǹһɲǼ䣬ǹƶ߳ŷųƷֱ˹


347 
ǹâɨһߣ˲ͳųƷ˹
ǹһƥһٶȿ쵽˼£ǳƷٶȸ죬еĵҲǿ쵽˼£ֱһɫ磬ն˳ǹϡ

һ޴ޱȵĺǹ͵âײһ
Ÿոײһ𣬳ѩʱ˫־һ㣬ʱЩΪʲôڳƷǰһˡ
ӵĹѾֲܿˣǻӾ˵ٶȣγһ޽ľˡ
׺ͳݲͬݿҩǿܹأȴǻʵأĲ
ǹջأ֮һٶȳųƷ˹ƷдϢĻᣬ֮ǰƷ˵Ļᣬսֱ£־ͽݸˡ
Ʒ˲Ѿ͸˳ѩ뷨ôܸᣬͬԿ죬սն䡣



һδξ˵ײڰ֮бĽ
ѧȺ嶼һӷˣڿһƾеĴսˣ֮ǰƷɨ̫ˣһΣ˶֡
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˶ҳѵһţȻûһܹ쾳磬Ҳǲˣ
ûʵս飬Ǳ似գѾﵽһּµ״̬˭ʤпܣ
Ʒʤ󣬲ľվǲһ־սҪԿһĵ˵
Ǻܿ죬ͷԼˣ˲ǱˣǳƷ
һʼƺûв࣬ƽɫйأǺܿ죬˾ͷˣʼģǾһĳƷǳѩϱȳƷǿһȻȴѾȿʼߡ
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˿ȥȻѩ˫۶ڲÿһײ֮˫۲ķȶһЩѹˣôΪ˫۶ľˣΪܹ׼Ĵ̳ÿһǹҪıƽʱһ͵ûһѾˡ
Ķ棬ƷһӣɵĽֻΧҲܹѩһһĶǰ
ʱڳеĳѩѾоԼķţԽ֣ŻˣǰĳƷͲһˣһƤĹޣֲ˵ٶȣÿһڳƷ˵ֻѰĹԼҪ߾ȫܹ
һͷ޲ԣһһ㽫ԷԷѪŹ⣬ɽɱ֡
ǰҲûкޱȵĶֽ֣ȴûһǴʱĳƷµĴڡ
һǿ־֧ţѾܲˣҪˡ
ʤĻᣬʤĻᣡ
ѩ̾뵽һ취µͱˮʪһǹ
еĳǹջȻͬһһɨ˳ȥǹ֮еľ裬һǹ̴˳գǹΧ˿µۿɼȦƿһ˷ȥ
ͬʱһ˳ǹͺھ֮зڶһһſѪڣ֮ɱ˶֡
һǹ¼ˣͬΪصĸ֣һСģܣ
ΪԼѰõһʤ֮ǹɨ̴һС
һǹǾƶ㲻ģĿǹâҲκܹ̫ˣһһͳ嵽˳Ʒǰ
Ʒԭ飬Ҳ˲ˣȻоӰսһնһ˸ӿֲƺʶն룬ӭһǹȥ

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Ļ棬һҲֻһ˲ѣɿһ˲ͷֳʤƷĵƿһУǿѹŹâĳǹ
ǹնУֲ޷ѹסˣӳѩ˫֮ѣƱѵѪֱӷ˳ȥ
âȥƲֱ䵽˳ѩǰһֱѩǰ紦ֹͣɢȥȫƣָƽ·ղŵײûзһ
ֻʣµһ䡣
ˣ


348 ᾡ˵Ĺâ
սսᣬһжһ֮սˣ
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ӱԵľУҲ޷˫֮Ĳࡣ
ˣѩԼ˫֣ˣ֮ûκξɥһһĸо
ղҧڼ֣ڣڿԷˡ
Ͼûһ˿һĽңȷȷʵʵǱƷԾԵʵˡ
ԼҲһ
ѩĬĬߵԱߣԷ˫ۣԼĳǹǿԼȥȻսˣȴûһ˿һֻ˷ڵѪ
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ҵŮ񰡣ôįһﺦģ
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ʱ̨֮ϵĳҵĳǺ͸߲ǴʱеĬˣĬȻˡ
ǱϵĳѩƷɴĸˣһεİƴǵϣеĸо
Ŭˣһˣĸоȷʵܡ
Ҳǳҵˣڽһ߲׳ˡ
ǳ΢΢ͷ˵ǳƷǳ죬ǳݣǳѩֱϵˣ˭ʤˣ˵һ£ⶼǿҵʵ
ҵ֮УЩĳе˷սһ֮УǱΪ˼ķչ׳󣬲ȥ̽սҲãҪԴԴǿ˲
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̨һͬĳƷɵҲЩӣȻһƷϵӣҲܲп̶һʱ䣬ȥʮ궼ƽӹõܾȻһ׷һ߹ʮߵ·ڵڣܹԼƽƽƽһս
Ķ棬Ʒͬмƽ˵ѹʮִǵһսսᡣ
ߵڣûʧ
쵭˵
ԣƷͬʾ˵һսʤΣһ˶ˣҵδǸңԶ磡
΢΢һԭҾȻ˰ʯҪңûô򵥣ĻҲ˵ҿһ׳ɳ˶٣ûʸΪҵĶ֣
֮ĶԻҲֳͨ˵ĶУʱ˲ףֵܿҲбȽϵ˼ڣĿ֮£Ϊṩһ̨ܹȴʮĶԹԸ
ǲףӦ֮ľһͨڱĬĬ׷һ˵ӰǰʮһգڿԲ
Ʒ΢΢ƽϢһȻȫϢ˲䱬˲䱬ˣһ˲䱬˳ǿ״̬
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׷׳ʣ˶սҾȻǾӰսƻֺ꣬ɲǼ䣬Ѿ嵽˳룬Ȼеսն˶Է

ѾӰսݺնһ񱩵ĺɨȥɿµĿ񳱡


349 ޵ֵ
ǸƷʩչӦ׵ѧ֮УѾѵõƷĵˣǸҲһһԵҲѵƷĵ浹࣡
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Ʒһ̧֣оӰսָų˵
쵭ĿųƷȻȻʼųƷȥÿһµ̨ᴫһֺ¡¡Ȼ˵ƾͻһ
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˻Ǿеĸ߼Ųһһ죬һһ˸һ£һֱĳҲɵе㲻ˡֲֻھӵУھҲֻһܹʹóôѧģ
ҲһˣȻ˵ǳҷˣֻѾ˿ˣϵ˵⣬Ϊܳ쵽ױ˭ˣǳҵˡ
ʵϣкܶűкָܶ㣬ûǿԼŬܹߵģЩ󶼻ɵҵϡ
νɰٴˣִĴ
ЩϵҵĴҲķ档
Ȿһ˫ӮĹ̡
ʱܶ೤϶ʼΪȻֻھеޣȻ߼Ҳż꣬Ųܹ̤Ѿʮ־ˡ
ҲЩʶˣֻ³ڱǷڼ䣬Ѿ˸ˣҲΪˣܹߵʱյĵز
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350 ǽǵĳ
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354 ҳ֮
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ټϳҳٵǷ칦һǻԵĹƷʱҲˡ

֮һĨ֮ɫȻ˵ɽǴдԵʵһֵػ𣬴ӵ֮ӿĻԵּ˵ĻʵǲʺģҲ⣬߱Ͼͬڷ׵Եʵ˵Ҳһ֣ǳҵĳܹȻҲʵϣʱΪأ
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ҳܹ֮ȡúĵλǰéԴҲĬϣΪʲôȻΪҳȱǰ̵ΪƴǲǾô˵ʵ̫ˣǹٷĿǣ
Ȼʵ˵Ĳᣬػӡĵطʱ֮о˰ǳҳڵͨǿߣǿ߶ʮ۷ĸֲ
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µĻشһ˵ؿڣЩ˵ңԶʱҲǵһ֪£ǲĳУжȱڴˡ
ǽһ£ѧѧ֮ǰԻ׼УпɱԼпˣһܹԼδܹջĺô޷󣡡


355 ʥ
˵꣬´˽ɽ֮Уɽ֮Уһ޴ޱȵĽţʮףҲ֪ʲôϽƳɵġ
һɽ޴ޱȵĽֱסͨɽȵĵ·°ӡ֮һȾ޴ĽϣֱӴһԼңҿСš
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ҲѰƽӵܣǺܵԴҲΪʲôͨƽӵܻ뷽跨ĿһõѧУΪֹֻѧУ֮УǲпƾԼ츳úЩӵһԴ
ĳ˵ִȻƽȣȴҲṩһȻǰǣȷʵǾӢпܡ
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Ե۵һ֮ҲʵȣԳΪҲֻһһĻȻһСľͿ˾ִҽƿƼ˵˾Ȼʮ鷳顣
ֻҪһͱƽʱתҪϲˣ˵ȻϿȷʵһеĺõط


356 ۷
ֵطУ֪һôѵ飬ֻҪȥܹõĺôҲԶԶԶԶеʱ
ԶԶֹһΪȫ״̬ɱ䣬еŸµУԽǼѵУŻԽǿ
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֮Уһö񲻶ϵĹ˵һΪ˷ԭʲôףҲֻһ֡
˷ԭ֮󣬾ͳ˳Ʒܹյ
̵˼ĻŨ̶ȣҪԶԶ棬һŨƵؽ磬ûа취أеһ붼ûС
˱ɢ˶ʼרĵȻͳƷǳҲãǳѩҲãҪʹĶˡ
ʱһСģ̫ĻȻͱ˾͵˳ȥơ
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ֱӿ֮УϴˢϴˢôȻӹɵģһкֱܶӱĻʼת˹
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Сӵе㲻ͬʱ䣬ȻŸոսľ
Ʒطĳҳϲɵÿ˵
ȷʵˣ嵽˺쾳磬ܹγһСѭָٶȻӣһ˵˾ҵĵ£ҲҪһˣСӵȻز
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⼸϶ԳƷһֹĿ࿴ĸо档
Ʒ֪ԼѾЩϵУֻǺܿ˻ָõĵҩҩĻָƷĴ
ЩϺ򵽵ΪĻָƷ
ڶӦĹӦܶʱЩĲǼΪֲģҪһλĻһͷҲвΪˣοЩܹеˣǶš
ѹЩ壬Ʒܹʱʱðһ֡
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ǿԽǿԽĸȱ˱Ҳȱ󣬱ǰһ͵ǰп׷ǡ
Դӻ˳֮һɽͱƿӳľǸǿ󣬸ӿֲĴɽЩһһǰѾ˺쾳Ķ
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Ѿȫȹסصľ磬л侳ΣѩҲѾ׿۷壬ʱпٿ뵽ء
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Ƿ֣ÿһ죬ƷὫĵصӡһЩ̶̰µʱ䣬ƷѾ˦ʮ׵ľˡ
ֲֻ࣬ԼΪΪԽǿӡԽŨͬҲԽΣա
һηֳƷλԽԽǰʱ˶ԹҪϳƷĽŲǺܿǾͰˣǿֲŨֱӽǵľˡ
ڷӡ֮أһ׾һȫͬĳ̶ȣοʮףֱһ
ǼֱţƷôġ
أƷҲ۾ĺһҪɻˡ
ڵ۷ˣԳͻƵˣ


357 ˵Ŀ
µУڽΪ۷ˣĻٹˣŸոմﵽز
УڳƷ˵ֱ൱ʥأڽŵߣԴԴϵĸֲԴܹóƷڶ̶ʱز
ȻҲܹܴĲƸǺܶණǮġ
˵ɽӵʥأǾ͸ǻǮܹĵˣ㻨һڣҲóҸеĵط
ЩŴЩ֮ĲֵǮģֻʱۣܹӵеġ
̶̰µʱ䣬ʹԭŸĵطѾԽԽӡˣȻӡмʮףǶһ˵Ҳʮ־ˡ
Ͼǳ컹ǳѩѹ˽Ÿûа취ŲԽǿӡôΣճ̶ҲԽߣڴǳˮˮȫ
˵ҲǺε飬Ϊ˵һʥأĹˣǿ񱩵ĻҲתɴա
ȳͳѩҪüл൱һֱˡ
ǷˣҪתҪﶼҪغ㶨ɣתͲûת
Ǳһ֣ʱֻѾͻƵˣ˳˿񱩵ôͻơ
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ʮʱ֮죬ҲΪٶ̫٣ûãһΧڵĻͱմˣͲòӿӡΪԽǿӡѷ촦ҲŨ
Ϊѷ춼ӡסˣֻܹй¶һСֵĻٶȲ죬ڳƷӷյٶ˵졣
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ȻԽǿӡԽԽŨȶҲڲϵƷٶȱ֮ǰҪϺü
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ǳҲãǳѩҲãǳȽϳ͵ĴˣǵıҲǱȽйоء
ΨǸƷ͵Ǹıȴȫͬġ
ﵣػҲһЩˣǴδôֵСӣƷÿһλöǰӡ֮ء
ԭǻ֣֪ƷڸʲôǺܿǾˣΪƷȻɸɾˡ
ЧʣֶϲϣȫǵĿ⡣
Ȼ֪ƷʲôȻôֲͨͷǷ˳ƷɽȥȻγȥ۶Կ֪ƷٶжôĿˡ
ǺȻǣһĽ˵ô㲻ȫű˾Ҳþ𣬶Ʒȴû¶һ
Ҫǣɽȥһ˵㹻ͻˣƷһֱڲſ۷塣
ǲ֪Ʒÿһͻ֮󣬶ԵԼߵߣͬģͻҪҲѰҪĶˣһ˼Ҹ͹ӵ
ӦûˣСӵͻҲͽǰˣһΪǸСѾͷһͻأû뵽Ȼ֮ǰ˵ѾǹھôһͻƵĻƻ˸˦ɣ
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ǰǰǱӵܰǰϵӵҲԽԽˣò˵ڽƽ˴ˣЩƽӵܲһźţ
ڳУŲλ֮󣬳Ʒֻ֣ǰһף¶ʮȣһˣò˶þͻᱻˡ
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358 ͻƣ
Щӿ˳Ʒ֮УΧ󣬺ܿ˵ע⡣
֮еĳͬ׼ͻƵĳѩܹоĲ
Ƕ׷۾ԶƷ춯̾ˣƷͻơ
ԭѾصĳƷȻҪͻƵˣΪǲ˾˵
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ѩ촽΢ҧûͻƣƷȻѾͻˣҪǰȥˣͲˣһĻǾ͸Ƕˡ
뵽͸Ӿ
ڿһ֮أ̼չ˵ֱܴ裬ȳƷҪ߳ȻƷˡ
ȻжȽشԭ򣬵ǱվǱˣûʲô˵ġ
ƷʱѾȫƵ״ֻ̬оȫµĶƿ֮УޱȵԭޱȵĻҲҲûܹӰ־֮һɹɵʶȻڳƷԺһּ״̬
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ʲô˵˲鷳飬ִĿƼҲ鷳Ѵһ˶Сġ
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⻹۷壬ֻ벽ܹصٮٮߣѰؿһܹƷɳȥʧȥս
֮ǰ⣬绹ԼƷôԼģڿ˳Ʒͻʱĳ·Ѿˡ
ʱӼصĳҵļҲ˳Ʒ춯ͻ֮󣬳Ʒɢ˿ֲϢڼʮ󣬳ƷϵϢ𽥵ļ󣬾ʧˡ
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һͷ㲻ãٹͣƷᳬҲһ


359 أ۷
ƷĵͻƣЩ˸Ը棬뵽˺ܶ飬ڳƷ˵Ҳϲ֣ͻˡ
ͻƵ֮սܹٶԾһˡ
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ȻһţǶƣɣЩѾ˺쾳Ĵڡ
Щ˺ͨѧ֮Ĳֱ֮࣬𣬾ǳ죬ȻҲѾأǺͺ쾳֮Уһǵ
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ѩԼ֮ǰŸոտأҲ˵ܲǱȳƷҪǰضѡ
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ȳѩƵҲֻгˣԼȻͻˣһˣǳƷĲ͸ˣӵٶȣֻò˶ãҪƷ׷ˡ
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ˣƷȻ˵
ʦսˣ
ĿֻһǾǹھ


360 ٷչɽӵҩ˾
ɽ֮˾͸Էֿˣһµʱ䣬Ƕڱչ֮Уȫϵ˵һһѵҪ
ƷļǱߣȻг³ȥϵ֪ǳƷڱչС
ǲ˶ˣһµʱ֮УĶѾױˣиߺ־Ϣ
ȥƷĶȥˣôϵˣ
ϵĶҴһأǧ޶õĵҩؼбֻһ仰ǱҶˣ
ҵ죬ǧҼֱ̫Ҹ

ƷȻȥչˣҪȥʹ尢̣֪
һϢ֮󣬸ߺ־ϢͶˣȻ֪˳Ʒȥչأǰȫ֮ûж˵ʲôȤˡ
ڸߺ־֮󣬳ƷȻĵĿ˰Ϣ
Ķȥˣһдһأʱͻ˶٣϶Ȳˣ
֮⣬˼귢Ϣ
úüͣҴӺ־Ǳ֪ˣϲ˼дĵһ
ذã
˼Ϣܹ࣬м֮УĹġ
ƷЩϢɵ΢΢һЦ·ůʶΨЩϢζܹףһ˶һ
Щ֮⣬Ҫ·请Ϣˣ϶һЩʱɽӹ˾һЩչ
һǰɽӹ˾ڿʼ˳Ʒ֮ǰһŸϵĻ
ȻĻһƳ֮̾ˣʮֳѰҲᾭõõһصҩ
Ȼ۸ǺܸߣǳҲʮֵĴڸոƳʱ򣬾һ䶯
֮ǰƷעԪʽ·Ϸǳ£ԽԼѧУѧĸַϣ֮жǵصĶǸָ
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ʱƣǵҲԽԽ㣬ԽԽҪЩ̡
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ֵҩǶֱĵҩ˾¶ģ϶ԼˣгǳƷɽӹ˾ܹĽȥġ
˭ûЧȷʵʮְȺأԼµЦ˭ѡ۸࣬ЧȴһʲƷء
ٶĻؿۣҲЩŶÿ춼ϣڵ裬ͼΣˣ컹ԼµЦôŶҲάֲסɢˡ
Ը·һһҵȥ̸ЩŶӶԼ̸ͬһʼǻһ¼ӣЩŶÿҪĵĵҩ֣ǵĻǸǮǿ϶ҪǱһЩټһЩؿۡ
ǶЩ·诵ĻشֻһɹɹҪؿûУ
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ǵ͵гЩŶӵĴвôҧгݣҪԹԵİ·读µĵС
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ɽӹ˾ǰһļ۸չƳĵҩֻҪƷϸ͸Ǯ˭ԡ


361 ·请Ƹֶ
ģʽҲǺܶڴĵҩ˾ȡģʽһƸʦ͸һЩܴڻĵҩ
ʦܹõҲܹĥԼˮƽӶܹõˮƽҲܹ˵õ
Щҩ˾ҲûܹǸܹôʦΪǩԼʦҪһϵеĴġ
ˣͶҲǷǳġ
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жҲûжãܱȫҪõĶˡ
ڵҩ˾˵ÿһöҩ׬ȡҲޣ󲿷ֶҪ֧ʦиֲϲɹȵȣʤӴ
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ˣǿҪɽӹ˾ô˵һε˺
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ǾȻһǹĴɽӹ˾רԴ·诵ȻҲЩðνרҽڽ˴˭йĴع˭
ᣬֻҪǮܶ鶼סЩרҽһƨɵ¶ɾձ˵ǮĴһЩ顣
кܶרҽڻ·诣·诸ǮǾͿתΪɽӹ˾˵û
Щˣ·读ǷһʹһЩרҽƽʱҲթĶˣû·ӸҲչļһ
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ЩŴ˾ԸӦǣ͸Ǯ򷢵ҪԸǣǾ֮Ͷѣǵǵ㹥ʲô͵˰©˰ɽӹ˾˵塣
˵ɽӹ˾ѹҲû͵˰©˰УʱʱҲܴ
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˺ܿ죬ͳˣ᱾ᣬһ棬Щ˶ֻСѣܿͻɢ
·诺ܿͲˣЩרҽڱֻһЩС󣬵ǱȴЩҩ˾Ʋ
ϾԱɽӹ˾ڽ˵Ļгÿʧȫɽӹ˾ˣǾ޶󣬼Ǵҩ˾ҲʮֵĶۺ졣
˲Щ飡
·Ҳǵϣɽӹ˾ǩԼ˼ٸʦҲ޷ȫӦ纣һ
ԸɴͺЩĵҩ˾ǩ˹ĺԼֳɵģͲЩҩ˾û˽ƣҪƣͳͳǹ˾Ȼɽӹ˾ۡ
ĻҲɽӹ˾һøǣɽӹ˾ҲûʧΪԭӦϵĲ֣˾֮׬ķˡ
һʼЩҩ˾·诵뷨ʱıףʲô˾ɽӹ˾볡ѣȻҪô
һЩҩ˾ŵΪ·ҲǸţǲеһЩСҩ˾
ۿгӴֻɽӹ˾ĴҲܹѸٷһʺƣγɳõĺ֮һǮҲϸˮΪǵĳý
ڿЩСҩ˾׷׵֮Щҩ˾Ҳò׷׷û˺Ǯȥг϶û취ɽӹ˾ˣĻҲһʲСĽˡ
̶һ£νǷƱɫ
·诵ֶοƷƸ꣡


362 ѧ
·请Ϣ֮ƷҲɵö·ַƸֶζˡ
̶һµʱ䣬·˶ٵ飬ٵĹЩҩ˾ѹ·诲Ƕ̶ʱ䣬ĽЩΪС
˵Ǻɨ
ҵϵ֣ƷҲֻ棬·ϵ츳һ㣬ҵϵ֣ʮ־ˡ
̶ʱڣ򣬹Ӷôʦֱʦͬ޻˵ϾմΪǱ顣
ȻֻǳУǱϾҲһǧ˿ڵĳУĳеǱʵȻ˵Ϊ֮ȻֱӸЩҩ˾߲ͨʩѹ֡
ͨ£Сҩ˾մֱ߽Щҩ˾Ҫγɽӹ˾˵뷨ѳɣѸײڶ֮ƱȵЩҩ˾ϵͷ
Щһ붼ϰʱʷ̵֪˾ͳͳһĶɽӹ˾ĴղҲɽӹ˾һ仰ġ
һеȨУһǿƵܲڣɽӹ˾Ҫչѡ
Ȼһж·Ҳǹʽ𣬳Ʒ֮ǰעʵҲȫһ⣬ҩҲ·ȫͶ˽ȥ
ͨϵ棬̻·ȵĿ·˵ڣʽ
ͬڵ׺꣬׺걾ӴҲУҩ˾Ʒ֪ҲУõġ
Щɽӹ˾˵һƬհףеһеһУҪͷЩǾ޴Ͷ룬ɽӹ˾ûôʱȥһһɣҪ̵ʱɵ̵Ļۣ͵ÿǮ
ƷԴ˵ǲΪ֪Ҳûãһɽӹ˾չܹƷṩ֧Ǿ̫ˡ
Ͷٶ࣬ٴ󣬳ƷҲֵõġ
Ʒע⵽һ⣬ǾЩҩ˾ڳֶ߲ͨ£пһЩȽϼ˵ֶΣ˵ɱʲôġ
ⲻԼҪ·ΪɶҲǹ˾ڵܲãҲҪҪ뼸ڣĻ롣
Ϊ·诱Ϊʵ̫ˣҲֻΪǰ׺ӾͲˣΪ׺걾һ֡
߹ЩŹ˾˵Ľڲٺ͵µߣĽǵƷ
ʵ֤ˣǵƷĸ
ϢԼ뷨·֮󣬳ƷֻԼһɣһµ飬Զ·ȫˡ
ܣ·ҵϵҲȫͷ˳֮ǰǸС˾û·ʩչء
Ϳȫȫľŵˡ
뿪˷Ҷ֮󣬳Ʒͷ˼У͸ĸô˼̤֮ǰѧ·
֮ǰүүƷһһԷƷҲܾˣûʲôȤǰЩƷһٶûС
үүȴܽܣΪǸԴĵˡ
үүȻƫģҲûĺǣԶԴ˳ƷҲ̸ʲôԹֻǲȥᣬʱ嵭һУȻڡ
ƷȻȥĸǴųȥˣĸܿЩһֱѹһǴĸһֱóȳƷѹ
ڳƷΪˣԭȫ֮ΪĳҲ˳Ʒϡ
ȻûֳºҲ֪ˣܹǿѹеϲڣѾˡ
ƷһĻֻᣬΪǰĸ˶ίҲûа취ǰ̧ͷ
ΪŮģȷʵʧܣ
ڣһжͬˣҲԳΪȫеĽˡ
ŴԽͨƷٶؽ磬ַСʱλһƽԭ֮ϵѧ
Ϊѧ֮ʦһʮˣټܶﶨӵˣѧܱס˿ڣҲγһ޴ĳУһеΧǸƶ˵ĳǽԶԶȥָУֱһ͵Ҫһ
ʵϣҲȷʵ޵ͷ֮һҲΪ̵ĵط֮һ
ȻǴѧΪܹѧ֮еѧǾӢ֮еľӢ죬ĸҲ࣬˶ȻһֱڷߵǰߣѧȴδȻҲ޹ƳǽΣȴδΪһġ
ѧǵĻƷڵˡ


363 
ƷͷܶĻŸոߵһ룬ֻһӰĳǰ
Ʒ
ƷһǸȴǰ˭أһTԴ󣬸ոչΣһͲ㽫޳˫͹ԳͷϴһɫѼñΪķ
ֱһСС䣬һССĿͨ
ȥҲ㰡
Ʒɵе˵
ô㲻˰˵չңר㣬ȻΪôպáңΪż簡˵Ȼ们˳ƷǰţСһֵĻᣬһ䣡
Ʒɵô
Ʒ⻹˰㲻֪жԸҶûأ
ԸɣƷתߣôѧһ˰ôо̫˳ء
ôһʿȶûأ׷ȥȻͲ󣬻ŮӣʱŮŮʱŮֲͬԪ
ʱŮΪʮϰٽصĶ͸һ
ҴʱȻͺͳ·𣬵ǿɱȳ߶ˣнһߵߣٹ곤һ
ʱˣձߣŮձ鶼һϵߣҲձ鳬һװˡ
ʿʲôܳôƷƳһ۰Ȼ˵
㡭ˣҾ֪ӵģҲνΪ
ôûòҲ˰ɣҲֻһС䣬Ȼֻ񣬲˹˾˵ȥˡ

Ʒ˵ͷû˵ʵɽͼĿռҪ˹˾
Ʒ˵ѧôģû飡ʵ
ɣҲû飡Ʒֻǵ˵
ѧҲû飡Ĭһ˵ǰҲûϹѧѧģ
ƷŰԭɫһʱЩ̣ŮĹ⻷Ҳûиͻõġ
׺ҲΪСͽ̵߽԰ȥѧʱ٣Ҳѣǹ¹һˡ
Ͷ㰲źˣ㲻õģȥˣƷ˵ѧҲûôֲͬεˣûʲôģ
˵Ҳǣ˵ͷ¶˼ĵЦݣȻʵϱѧҲֻСѣʲô̫Ĳࡣ
֮󣬳ƷҲûôųԱ߸һˡ
˻֮󣬳ƷͰͿ˸ָѧдУһ޴ޱȵĺߣֱӦŲͬϵ
ϵҲǺСϵܿ죬˾ҵרǰӻˣǴһѧ㣬һ㣬ļΪעĿ
ĿΪҲֻиոտĳ̶ȣĿ֮ѾǳˣΪҲЩ
ǽѧѧ㿴һ۳ƷȻͿ˰еɡ
ΪƷãǰߵǺܸߣֻСһڵزסġ
ԣǽưĳԱǽͻСһЩƷ˵֪ѧڻʲô㿪˵
ѧ֮󣬲ûκӣ˿ˡ
ĿģȻͷѧأ˵䲢أ֪ͬģư࿼ѧӿɲһЩѶȻҪĿưѧ֮ϡ
ֻҪڽͿˣЩưѧȴҪ֮󣬴оٮٮ֮󣬷лܹѧ
ҲˣϾѧưѧÿ궼أ𾪵ĻǰŲʮͣȻܹнѧⱾͷͬѰˡ
ѧʮѿÿ궼нʮ˿룬ÿһ˶ûУеı֪
ܹеѧĳһسзǳǿıĿܾоسо˱ġ
ûбܹнģϿ϶ǱĸʦˣûҲбˡ
ЩѧУѧԸǵһ֮һ
ԭˣӭѧǶ꼶ѧ㣬ҽ࣬ԺҪʲô飬ϵң


364 ʦսʼ
ܿ죬ͼһƱϵѧͨѧУĴҲˣУΪƯ࣬ϵ׷ǰڨ
ܹѧѧ䶼ѧ֮еٮٮߣִҲӡ
Щѧ۳󣬶ʮţԭԵѧ֮еٮٮߣȻʮָڨ
ڰǰȻᡣ
ҲǴˣֵҲˣҲûм֪ʱȥֻһΪӵӡ
һ·޻ڣһ޴ĴѧУȻִѧУձ鶼ܴ󣬵ǺѧĴѧһȣԾС׼ˡ
ͬѧϵռһƬ򣬱˵֮󣬳Ʒͱ䵽Լĵطֿ
ѧǷǳĴÿѧȻԷ䵽һıѧĺɼһ㡣
ʮУУҲǼ˷䵽һ׹ԢǾѾ൱ˡ
ϾִƼڲϵȻʵϣٵĻӶӣϴ󲿷ֵĵطռ졣
صļ۸Ҳڲǣ
֮ԽôıҲѧУµģĻ˵ܹѧĶδľӢȻǾӢǾ͸оӢӦеĴ
ưѧҪ㹻ĸ˿ռ
Ҳѧʮı֮һˡ
˱Ʒŷ֣֮Ѿкܶѧڻˣ˱֮Уɨͫ׺ָƣԼϢ֮һ¥ıˡ
һ˵ҲѧС
ڽɽͼĿռ֮а֮󣬳ƷѾյϢڶϰ˵㣬μӵʦսʦսʵҪϽУΪѧҪеʦսʵеĻһ޴ޱȵĹ
ʽѧҲҪȵԺˣҪȷʦѡ֮󣬲ŻῪѧ
ƷҲûżȥ˼͸ߺ־֮϶ټ棬ܲܿء
ܹĻôаٷְٵİܹڵʦս֮϶ˡ
һҹ޻ƷûȡͻƣҲظһ
ڶһ磬Ʒͨеϵӣոս磬Ƚݸ£Լµ״̬ͶӰ֮УȻͱֱӴ͵һ޴ޱȵĻ᳡֮С
˵Ļ᳡֪жôľˣͷܶɽ˺ֻܹ˼˵ĳ
ܿƷյ˼͸ߺ־ϢֱӴ͵ǵߣһ²Ҳ˲Сĸı䡣
ߺ־ϢӳȣӦҲǿصľ磬֮УСͳƷĲһ
ȥôôǿߺ־ԭأҲû׹
˭֪ͳƷһ֪ûȣֻһжס
ҲɵޱƵĳϣЩ˵ġ
ƷҲ˼꣬˼ĽһЩȻҲѾصľ磬Խʵ̫ˡ
̥Ҳˣ˼꣬һߺ־ֱӿʵ
飬Ҫ˵أξ߸̣ѾеʦˣΣѾˣ˼˵Ȼˡ
ʦƼҵģǽҵģƷɵ˵
ҵһùùãһ֣ѧν̣ڹȥ֮Уڴѵ˼국˵
Ʒ͸ߺ־˶ʱȻѹ˼Ľôˣһ𽵹ָһ£֡
쾳ĵʦѧ֮Ҳǵʦ֮еٮٮˣοƼҵԴע˼ϣҲ
ȥ˼꿿һܹ֮ɳزƼҵİ֮Ȼ绢
ǳҫԼдıôߺ־ɵƵ˵ǰΪҲбĸһһȣ˹ˣ
ָоǣΪҶڴţƣţƣֻһڴţơ
ƼҲһֱôôʱôͻȻˣƷʵ
˼¶˼Գ飬˵ΪҵҪҪϽ
٣һﻹûԣߺ־̲סˡ
˹еӣ˼İɣûô벻˵Ҳһ£ֻҵʵԽǿҲԽпܰѽңƼҵ
˼ÿƷͷˣһ˶յսʼźţȷ֮˸ʧԭأֱӽ˱ȶĿռ֮С


365 ̫ˣû˼
һ޴䶷һ޴ܲλ˱ͽıȶ֮⣬вѧѧҲ˽ս
ƷǰһѾ䶷ˣǸָĳӵʵ֮б޶¡
ǰҲһӰ˽ȴһŰɫĹװ꣬һڳһֺ˵ĺâ
һְȻɫ˿ƷֻĺܣȻֱӾͿ˵ɣҪ˷ҵʱ䣬ҲҪ˷Լʱ䣡
һǼҪóƷͶ
ƷҲûʲôӡ󣬱ϾѧѧˣܹʶģҲֻкСһֶѡ
Ű˭ȻóƷͶߺߣ
ǸŰĻҲΧΧ۵˶ʱȻЩǰΧ۵ʦսģ϶ĿưѧҲһư໹ûֵѧ
ЩΧ۵ѧٲֵĳԹȺ֮⣬󲿷ֶΪбȶ˶ģر˵˹עֻҪǹע˿ʼսǾͻᱻ
ȿڵģһЩеѧ
ȻĿưưͬ˿ҲûۼƷǶ֪Ʒģеһˡ
ȻֻһǳжѣǱϾҲһǧ˿ڵĴУܹ۳ΪеһģȻʲô֮
Ż֪Ʒɣ
˵ҲǵһοƷ̫ˣ
ЩڸʱͿĽ
۷׷ס
огƷһ֧ߣȻҲжԷ֧ߡ
еһһ߻ĵĵһʲô˲õģ캭ǴеţҲ֪ܹˣһߣûпͷ
ЩȻؽ֮гѧѹͲѵЩѧͬϰģϰ䱾ĻҲʵ̫Ҫˡ
һϣûа취ؽᲢۡ
ǣǹҲûм棬캭Ѫ쵽ĵز
ⲢǿʵƷԽǵֵҲֻǶ˷һЩʱˣ
ҪͶֻ㻹ûʵƷ˵Ҳѹûн캭
ڤ粻飬Ȼ˵ĻǾͱҲˣ
캭˵ģҵ£㶼߲һ
캭Ļ䣬ɲǼ䣬Ѿˣһ˲䣬еĳѾɨ˰գǵ͵ո˵ȷʵʵš
ȻѾأʵҪھҲδûлᣬ֮Ҳûضڵ
ΪеʱЩĺͱʦǸˣʣµУҲжڵĿԡ
ˢ
еĽâȻ͸һѪɫ·ܹŵһѪȵζһּΪĽӦаĽ
ֻǺͳŴִͬǶаħĸ͵ų⣬νǺɰٴй档
ֻҪˣʲô⵽˵ӡ
һ㣬ʤ֮ǰڵĳŴνΪãΪ
ǰһ캭ѪɫâȻѾ̵˳ƷǰΪ֮УԿԾ֣õĻˡ
ˣ
캭¶˼ЦݣλãزԷٶٿҲܿˡ
ǰˣ
ǳƷҲǵȻ˵δȵ캭־ʲôʱȴ֣ԼѪȻӳƷֱ֮ɨ˹ȥȴûдˡ
ƷλֱӾͶ˿
캭۹ҲǲףҲ˳ƷʩչӰǴʱѾˣƷľӰս֪ʲôʱȻѾˡ
ͣ
âɨһڹڰ֮ɨ캭캭ʱֻǰһڣȻͻһâʧ
һɱ
ʱȶһƬĬȻ˶⾪˵Ľٶȸˡ
Ƕû꣬ǳƷǿ캭ǿʱһжѾˡ
ܹҲֻУһ캭֣գȻƷ֣캭ɱ
˫Ķǿ磬֮ı̺ŵΣյɱ
̫ˣû˼
Ʒ̾һ캭ʵҲһǰĳѩʵ޼һµʱ䣬ʵ̫ˡ
˵ƷѾʧ˱ȶˡ
ôǻСǵô
еѧĿЩ˳һѿѧѧһֱһΣƷںݺΪǳһڶ


366 ʦǵĺ
ƷٶۣѾˣߺ־˼˻ûг֣Ȼǻûսʤ֡
ϾܹѧģҲٮٮ֮еٮٮߣ˳Ʒģ˭ܹԷһɱ
˶ޱ𾪣ǳƷԼûоʲôĿҪڵˣŲǰ·ϵһССʯѡ
ǳƷȴ֪Ϊһɱ캭ѾһЩʦ֮˿ˡ
캭ʧˣôܣŵһֶѣʵ󶼺ôӰһ֣ܣ
һʦŵ˵ϴǿϢȻ켶ĸ֣ʵϣ캭Ҳõˡ
Ȼֵܶѧڻûи߿֮ǰѾǿˣǲżˣҲչע飬ѡߵģ϶Ѿֳ츳ЩǱֵȷʵѹͬƶƣĴڡ
Ȼȴкܶ׺飬кֵܶѧǶûбѡС
ڸ߿Ĺ֮Укܶ˱ֳɫЩʦǵ֮У˵캭Ǻܶ˿õĶ
Ƕ쵼ʦˣҪᡣ
ѧҪһõĵʦ£ԵģһõĵʦҲҪֵĵӣǽ̵ЩѧǶлֵģѧ֮У־ǲƸԻȡܶĶ
ΪйעԲž캭һ־Ȼսˣֱǲ˼顣
ܰɣ캭õһųŴĽǸѪ֮ͬУһֱ֮ͬвûܹˣǵһ־ŸոտʼɣôӾʧˣ
һ쵼ʦõϢ˼࿼֮У࿼ʮӴҲһĿռ䣬һ죬ĵʦҲۼ
ܹΪʦҲǺ۷弶ĴڣҲ֣֪Щ˾ۼһжôĺˡ
ҵҪôܵģһʦĵ˵֪ʲô˻캭
캭ѾǺܶർʦõĿˣսˣ֪ȻʵǿǵȻȤˡ
ܿ죬Ͼ͵ˡ
һսȫλĳЩʦ
Ʒһɱ캭ʱǶ׷׵ɴ۾
ǵΪȻܹó캭ʵȷʵ鴫һѪٶȿ쵽˼£һѪһʵκһصĸֶʤ㡣
˵ڣҲѧ֮еٮٮߣɱǰкܴʤ㡣
ڣȻһɱˣ
ѧأʲô֣
Щʦ̾ͽ캭Ժˣʼ׷˳ƷӳƷǰٸû⡣
ȻǵģһʮУֻ֮еĵһ˲ð˵ǸһγһжƵ˰ɣ
ûͶһǶеѧǸѾǺ쾳ˣƻûбҵܹ쾳磬˽ǰ;
ǿ϶ģҲͱԤˣһĸ߿״ԪᣬҲûлᣬܻпܽǰʮһʦ˵
Ƿ׷׵ͷ˵лǰʮǱͣһÿܹμӸ߿״ԪЩˣ˵עļϵ⡣
ܽǰʮѾˣЩʦǰٶûнȥһЩǰ١
ƺͬһĻǿʸûУǲࡣ
Ʒһ֮ǰûб˹עĺӣ
һ쵼ʦŹ˵ָˣҲֲǣƷǿȡһµġ
ɾͼȲƣҲҪǿĶˡ
ѧĵʦΪʲô˸ǣΪ£˭Ҳ֪ĸʦ̳һԪ˧߽̳һµľ֡
ƷͲҪ˰ɣ
ɲ飬ȫԵֶΰɣ
ٺ٣ʱƾֶˣƷȷʵӦصעĿ꣡
һʦЦžĽƷıע֮УֻҪгƷıǶԵһʱע
ĵʦһĻһƻ֮󣬾ͷ׷׽Ʒע֮УͬʱЩ໥һ֮󣬾Ͳ˵ˣ۶ۺͳƷйϵ顣
˶ϱһ£ôһˣǾʦעһЩƵĵʦᣬʲô顣
ֻ飬עԸ


367 ˸ʹ
Ʒ֪ԼıѾ൱һֵʦעˣȻΪȹע캭֮˹ע˳Ʒ
֪ˣҲκζݣĿǹھЩͶӦˡ
ΪֻҪߵôЩʦԸ⻹ǲԸ⣬϶Ҫע
֮˼Ҳˣһ£˼Ҳʤˣȵߺ־ʱɫÿȻ˿ڣȴǲҰˡ
һǿУǲҰ˶Էϡ
Ʒ˵ͷЩ뵽ˣߺ־ʵѧѧ֮Уֻǿеȶѡ
㶼ҪĶġ
Ұܶ˵Ҳϡƽ飬ֻѧ֮и̫ˣѰʮУߺ־ΪѾеٮٮˡ
̬Ĺʵ̫ˣ
ߺ־ðűôһ仰
еˣӦȥʮУװƵĵطһɾ͸жûУ
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ˣ˵֪ҲǸпһ£ѧô뿪ҵ˵ܿѧǶðˣ֪Ϊ˼꣬ҪҸܿѧ
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ŮӣҲк֧ܶҲˣƷ硱ӣɵ÷׷׽·֮ǰѾŮԷԴĳ档
ȥٶȺıƴôһҶ˳ƷпֲٶȣҪŮֻ²ôֻȫٶȲܻˣ
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ʱŭɶ漴¶˼̵ֲ飬ȻֱӳųƷɱ˹

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һ޴ĺŮյҲûг׺䵽Ʒϣڹؼʱ̣ƷľӰսˣסһ޴
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ȥһҿˣ־͵סȫһ
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⡭Ǹոϻ¶ŲЦݵŮմʱֻò˼飬ԼȫжأԼ
˵ֻʵеһ֣ǵǿز֮һеļɺٶȶ˸ˡ
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ǸŮմʱ˫Ѿ飬ֿˣͱնУȻһŹâʧ̨ϡ


369 ɨһ·
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˼ľӢѧҲʼ𽥼
ѧ֮Уصѧ˼ҲǳأӦЩ˵ѶԽԽ
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370 ھҪˣ
ߺ־Ȼһӿ˳Ʒȷʵ̫ˣƷҲǳ֮ϵӵܣҲ֮ǰĬĬţһεĸ߿һӱˡ
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ʱıȣֱȫһԪϵĴڡ
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ҵ˵ڶʮһ֣ʣµĸҲûʣ¶ˣʣµȫǾӢ֮еľӢٮٮ֮еٮٮߣЩ˵ʵʮʮǰи߿״Ԫʵ
֪жôǿͿˡ
Щ˵ıһһӾʣҲ֪ĵʦսĹھ˭ǽ꣬ܶྫӢѧܾ˾ӢʦĺѡμӵʦսΪľõĵʦԴõʦսľʳ̶ȸһ¥
ˣˣһǿ˭ôùΪԬɵĶְɣ
˴˽ʱҪ䶷ĶǶƷˡ
Щ˶Ǵżֵ٩ϷʵģȻҲΪ½˶һѺ
ʱڳѾһӰվˣӰΪߴףֳųʺϰĹǼܡ
һмָ꣬ȻͲ󣬵ȴһֳŲɣζֻվǶ͸һּǿѹȸеĸо
ָǳһüǽɫģʹƻƽɵһżΪۣ̻ŻڵĻƣǴʱһüȴΪһһ
һǰһâ˸һӰ˵ǰ
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⾪˵һƷ˿Ӱսϡһˣĳ·һ㣬һ糤ա
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չ;Ӱս֮кݺײһɲǼ䣬һɾײ֮һɿ񳱵ĵ˫໥ײγ˾˵ĳ
ԬɵһסΣ̹ʮֵȽȻʧܣ˻ȴûһ˿һĻҡ
û˿ľȣֻǵȻƣȴҲ뵽ܹǿϣ
ȻҲѼƷϣڳƷƣϲɫ֮жٻмֺȻֱּƵǹˡ
Ʒײ˲䣬ֱһͷײһ
ղŲ˵ܹѾǺôأ㻹пսپôƷֻǵһЦ˵
Ķ棬Ԭɵʱ
˵ҲǣҲҪսپˣȥվǲõģƷͻȻ˵
ԬɵɫȻһ˵˵ʲô
սپƷѹûнϡ
̫ˣ
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ղŻ϶˷ʱ䣬ڿǿ϶ˣ
Ԭڱķļӳ֮£ȻнŭĿƣɽ纣һĿֲϢɨԶԶսЩڣ·ҲܹоĿֲѹ
ǿѧѧЩҰһ־ӢѧӣսͬҲܷḻЩ켣ŶӣӶţػ֮е۷ĸԬɣ϶ֻ˵һж⡣
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372 Ԭɣıǿˣ
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µϯŰ˫Ϊ񱩵һ˲ײһ𣬺ͷҰײһһ
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һгɵǿߣ²ʲôҲʲô췽ҹ̷
֮·ϣһڲͻҵһС
Խǵ棬ҲԽԽǿ
ƷʵֺͻƵĵͰ˵̫ǿĸ壬ǵڣЩ˷Ķ֡
ԬҲˣеͬǿᣬһεײʮֺˡ
ԬɱΪԼȫӦԺɨƷһھѹ֮£ҲͲΪˣ֮ŷ֣Լ̫ˡ
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Ʒ׵ӳԼǿٶȣͬʱҲ˳
ˣ
Ʒһȫ˼ֱֱն
ԬʱѾڽûˣֻĿųƷĵâ£նһŹš
̵УƷһ£Ҫ֪һǰսʱ򣬿νȫڻ˳죬мҲΪһСģͿܡ
ڣ²ſ£ԬҲĶ֣ѹԵıܣ־棬ͬն
ܹʵʵĸ֪Լȷʵǿˣһǰȣĸǿˣ
ʱڹϯ֮У쿴ŸոմɱķĳƷɫ
ĸǿˣ
ڳԱߣǳѩ
ȷʵĸǿˣڸʵ̶ֳȵսУӦûὫʵʵƳ߰ɣٿȥҲû壬ٿɣ
ѩ˵ţξͻһŹ⣬ʧˡ


373 ǿ
Ԭ֮Ʒһʱͳսıȶ
Ԭ˵ʱʼĴսˣĶ֣صľӢѧصģӦѾ̭ˡ
ֵܹڵأҲֻһˡ
ϾҪԽսûôףЩɶ˾һ֮ͬеٮٮߡ
ҲΨгƷܹˣ
սԬ֮һʦʼȻ֮ǰļҪߡ
ڳƷ˵ЩԶԶż
ıȷʵƷϣһһӼҡ
ڶʮ֣
ڶʮ֣
ڶʮ֣
֣ƷصѧȻ֮ıҲӦֻصı
ƷҲЩѧ֮еһٮٮߣΪֻһ˻أĶأƫƫֻصĳƷȴܹÿζսʤ֮
صĶ֣ƷȻû˿ƣ෴ģÿһζԾǿƵıֽս
£ӦûôĶѧμӵʦսǽԲͬҪȵڲܹսڣȻƵƵ漸ڼս
ּҵս˴񫡣
ѧ꼶꼶ѧǰۿÿһ˶гƷֲֿٶȵģһ˵ѧѧܹҵĻҲֻǺ쾳ѡ
УһСѧ˴ҲֻǿﵽҵĻ׼ߡ
֮·Խ棬ԽǼѣһѧѧ֮УҲͬĵˣѧ˵ѧıҵҲƿ̡
ѰصѧҲҪﵽͿԱҵˣʮУѧУԺ쾳ҵģмΪٮٮˡ
˷ŵȣӣ
ƷԼûиоΪڴѧ֮Уˡ
ԶƣЩΪ˵ģȻʵϣЩѧҲ࣬ĸ꼶ȫͳϣҲһٶ
һ꼶ĻܾͶʮңʮˣȴһǧ֮ӱٮٮߡ
ѧҲ㣬ԺЩо޴ĲģƷΪĿ꣬Ȼע⵽ʵѧ󲿷ֵΪûڸߡ
ЩһĴһѧܣЩѧҲĵᣬֱҪˡ
ȻԼҲֻ곤һѣȴҲûбˡ
Щ֮УƷһΨһһصѧ˶ձΪ϶صʵǲ֪ʵǶ١
ΪĿǰΪֹûгһܹƷƵǱˣΪֲĵط
·𲻹ʲôˣƷܹɵĽԷܣʵж٣Ҳ֪
ʲôʱƷֹҲ˺ܶ˹עĻ⣬ǰƷҲ⣬ȻΪһ̫ˣʹô󲿷ֵ˶óƷڣȻߵĺܺ棬ǾϵƣʱѾ㹻˵һˡ
Ŀ֮£ƷѾ˰ǿ
ưѧھһһֵ̭֮Ҳֻʣ˸ˡ
һΣֱӽһֱǰ˸˶˱ȶУʱ˫Ŀ⿴˹гʮͬʱһսикܶǶĵʦ
Ҳǿһͬʱ໥档
ƷҲЩˣǿ֮УȻ֮⣬صĴڡ
аڣŮЩ˸϶ӵżΪǿϢ
ڳƷЩ˵ʱЩҲڴųƷȣʣƷľ͵ģǿɲΪƷʵҲ͵ģϾſµصѧҲвˡ
ЩͬΪӢѧĿ⣬ƷֻϹŵЦݣзֱ棬ѾЩ˵ʵ۵ףǣЩ֮УʵǿģȻһŮӣһźһһŮ
ļѩĿˮüԶɽ͵йŵŮͣȴżֹŵŮûеӢ֮˫
ȻЩʵǿ󣬲ƷȴжϵóŮʵȴǿġ
ǰǿϣ֪ŮΪױ裬һŴ׼ҵӵܣҲ㲻ϵһ֡
Ϊϵ֣ʵҲòμֵʦսȻ취źõĵʦ˵ǳѩ֣ʵƷȴм尲źõ⵼ʦڵ


374 ǿս
ϵӵܺ͵ϵӵܵ׻һĲģ˵ͳѩվһԸⱻ£Ļôҿ϶ҲΪźܺõĵʦվͳѩЩġ
ԳƷҲԸܳⷽİԼ͹ˣҪˡ
˵һ԰ڷ絲ĵطҲԸǣдĺãǣĶҲ̫ˡ
ԸĹϵԳųҵĻƤ죬ֲǣ̫õһְ취
֮ǰ˵ˣѾ˶ˣҲΪʩѹȻѾ޾ڽҵͣһֱҲһǳ鷳顣
ɽӹ˾Ҳõ˳ھһЩİ˳˵Ŷһ·̵ƣЩǳܹεĺô
Ȼûа׳ԵͣռЩôƷҲҪģڷչ׶ܵչˣЩ㲻ʲôˡ
λͬѧ
һ֣һӰ˱ȶϣʱȫѧվУã
ƷȰҲ׷׹˵
˲ǱˣѧУ޼
һһͶӰͬһγֵ޼ĸоһͨڼͷһΪˣƷžв
֮УеʵͶӰ֮У޼ϺŵĶǿߣȻ˵һ֣˹ϵģǰʮҲŵϺŵġ
ּôͨĸڼһأⱾǲ顣
ԳƷĸ֪֪һ˿һĲ޼ʵѾͻʣ֮ϣͨǿˡ
Ҷɣҽѧ֮еݷݷѧǣһһǿܹѧΪ٣죬ѧܹѧΪ٣޼˵
Ȼ޼½һѧվҲûжϾΪѧУλȨأҲܶûʱͣ
޼Ļһεĵʦսǰǿ֮սҲڿʼˡ
˸Ա͵˱ȶĿռ֮С
Ʒǰһͳһռ֮УϵģĶҲѾǰ
һͬõĵͣһϮ£ԼĪʮ˾ģȳƷҪ߹һͷΪߴ
ҽ룬ǳƷ͹˹֣Ȼ˵
ûҾǳƷƷ˵ͷ
˵飬ܹߵѾ漣ˣ漣ҲҪսҵˣϧϧǸ뿪˵֮оȻΪƷϧ
֮ǰܶҲô˵ģվǰҵϣƷһЦ˵
Һǲͬҡҡͷ˵
ûʲôͬģƷ
ܰϧˣҵǰеİûκģᵶָųƷ˵ߣ㲻ǵͣǵȴõ֪ľڣ
ȷʵҲǵͣ˵̽һ·ѣֻһֹ߶ѣƷ˵˺ͬΪ˻øֹߣ
˳ƷĻɵüͷ΢ϧˣҿսžĵȴȻǵͣϧϧ
ûʲôÿϧģսɣ
Ʒ֪˵棬֮ûʲô˵ģͬı
䣡
ɢһֲֿϢɽ纣һĿֲϢͷ˳еս˲ˣһ̣·ˣһˣһڵһ
Щͣͣǵ·߲ͨͬΪֻͨǽһЩͺͽȴǽȫǴΪڵڽܹԶʤͬ
ʣѧϰţʵ֮ǰƷܵԬɣҪֲ˺ܶ࣬Ѿӽ۷塣
һڳƷϵʱ򣬳ƷڳˣʣɲǼ䣬Ѿסһ

һ޴֮󣬳ƷסһûӱƷһȥһֲԭأƷĿֲȫȡơ
˵ҺǲͬϧˣһȷʵǺֲܿƺ쾳ĸҲˣȴͬƾ̶ֳȵʵûа취ҵģ
һһ̣˼£һ˾սصĸ֮УʣѾΪеٮٮߡ


375 ʵ
밡ƷһսƷҪд鷳ˣ
һѧ֮УֻҲϺŵǿ˰ɣ
Ʒľ̫ˣľͻˣҲδĶ֣
ƷҲǺܲģԲģ
սոտʼ߾Ѿ˺ܶർʦע⣬ǴʱѾ뵽˰ǿս֮У󲿷ֵĵʦ֪Ӧûпܽ⼸ѧˣ̫ѧҲǿȾָġ
ҪһʼغƷǳƷҲͽκΡ
ǲô˵˵ս֮ǻǸӿ룬ƷΪĹʱƾûôˣһ˹ܹϵƵġ
ܹڣżȻʵʵʵԶԶ˵
Ļ䣬ֱն磬еĵâǵƿֲǿ쵽˵ߺ
ƷŲæеľӰսͽĹȫ赲ĵâȫУĹжôѸͣǶ޷ֱӹķ
ԽսԽͣȴʼ޷ƳƷķжʵ޷ﵽƷսĵһ
ҲûεģƷˮòһǾĺôˣԴԴϵĽƷĥؾأػž޴Ĳġ

ƷһˣȻһ˵ȷʵǻģزټʵҪսʤǣҲûôˣ
ʲôʵ
ʱȫ𾪣ѧΪƷˣԭƷѾֲܿˣصĸ־ǳԷˮһļ򵥣⻹ʵʵǿʲôز
ĵʦǲţƷôĻ˵ǿˣ̶ֳȵĳƷȻѾܾˣǲ࣬ʵĻǾһˡ
ţ뻣ңؾֻضѣܹսѰؾѾǼˣܻصʵ
ƶųƷصʵ
˵Ѱˣ
ƷһЦȻ󿪿˵ȻѾҲֻȫһսˣʮӻָȻĻһ¿ҵжס
жסʱŭ˼£Ʒѹûн
ˢ
ˣһѵϢ˲䱬˳һ˲亷Ȼ֡
ʱ򣬳ƷҲˣһ磬ֻܿһɫĺۼȻ˲ʧˣٶȳֵʱѾǰˡ
ʱϵϢҲڱˣѹŵʵҲŸµķſ˲䱬ˣٶȣͳͳſˡ
˷·оһͷ޴ӳƷ˳

˫սݺһ𣬵һΣȴܹͳƷѷ֣ʤˡ
κƶߵķһֱӵ˳ȥڰ֮з˺ü֮䵽˵ϣ֮˼Ϊ飬·޷ܳƷⶸȻʵһ
ʱע⵽ˣԼֱ۶ڲƶѪ죬ˡ
̤̤̤̤
֮ˣжȥһڷĿֲ
ǾڴʱƷҲ֪ʲôʱһĽµĲޱȵܹسɴһ˲Ѿǰ
ڶˣ
ôܣ
ӦƷѾɱǰǴʱѾˣΪɱǰ֮󣬳ƷһѾ磬ʱ䡣

߾ȫǿסһǸûκôеĳ˲˳ȥֱӷɳ˳⡣

̤ŲĺˣƷָ֣ûκôΪεĺˣƷľ벢ûб˦෴ģڽһ
һ˲䣬ƷĵâѾϡ
ͣ
˲仯һŹâʧʤѷ֡
ʱ˲ڷӦ˹һ˵ʵǶ̶̼֮ѾˣƷĶԼŵԣնɱ롣


376 ǿ
ȻˣȻס
һѧĿɿڴĿ˵·ǿʲô˼漣һͲԸ飬ǿ϶Ҳŵġ
ڳƷ֮ǰ˵ԼʵҲһţڣǲˣƷ֮ǰʵصĲһ㡣
ʵܹһ·صĸ֣ڣôʵĻָжôء
ƷòƤĹ˰ɣ
ʲôôô
ҵ죬ˣһûмôļһ
ʱڵʦȦ֮УҲѾһƬ֮УһƱĵʦֻоԼֱǷҪƷһٳǵ֮⡣
սһʼڲϵķתôסǵĲӣǺһ
ղǻ˵ƷӦþܹߵˣܼǿˣ漣ҲѾˣһƥĳɫҲ㹻ˡ
Ҫ֪ǿ֮Уʵϣ˳Ʒ֮⣬ÿһ˶Ѿܶർʦ۲Ҫǽˡ
ǻûнѧǵ־Ѿڵʦ֮׹ˡ
룬ർʦѡĿ꣬ʵϣΪԼĻͲҪμӵʦսҲܹһΪĵʦĽ̵
ں֮ǰ֪ģҲֻгƷһˡ
ڳƷԼǿƽصʵˣֻҪߵǿǿĿǹھ
ڿȻжڵĿܣ
ôܣ
˶ţ˵һȺظֻ֮Уһص˸˹ھǵǶǺݺ˦һơ
ʱ̣ҲԸţ
ˣǲˣӦûǼʦ˰ɣ
ǵģһ쵼ʦûʸ̵
ʵں֮ӦúеˣǺ쾳磬ҪУҲֻʱˣ
ûҿ˵ҲкͶƣһڱҵ֮ǰ쾳Ŀԣ
ᵽܶർʦɫһӱˣΪЩʦҲֻǺ۷ѣһѧУѧȻпܳԽǣǺεȴ顣
ЩҲѾϰˣЩѧ֮гֵԽԽ࣬ǲװʶ仯찡
Ҳʵһ֤
ǿǿǿ
֪ʲôʱڹսѧǶ׷źΪƷϮ֮·Ȼ֪ûʲôˣǳƷ֮ǰĬĬŵĴڣȻпЩ߸ϵľӢѧҲ붼÷ǳ˷ܡ
ΪرصѧܹߵʲôزҲڹע顣
ǿ󣬾Ǿˣпܶô
жðһͷʱƷѾһܵ飬ܽܵˡ
Ʒ˱ȶĿռ䣬һ˼͸ߺ־Ѿߡ
Ʒʱڸıϰ˴Ÿ£ͻȻһӾͽ⿪˸µָоüˣеÿһͻƵʱĸоԼһӱһԷأȫ¶ˡ
Ȼ֪󲿷ֶǴѡ
̫ˬˣǸװƣһӽ˰ͻǴ˵еĵ˰ɣߺ־ЦֵܻʤˣҲޱȵĸˣȳƷҪˣ֪˻Ϊʤ˲ǳƷء
ϲ
˼꺬Ц˵һžµҲ¶ּ飬ֻǱߺ־˵ҪĶˡ
һĶѾˣժǣʱߺ־յϢڶԳƷ˵
ᵽժǣ˼ɫûʲô仯ȻвҰ˶Է£ǰ˾ǰˣǴʵϼˣҲûʲô˵ġ
ˣƷһЦ˵˼ļ򣬵㱨𣡡
˼¶һĨССκ죬Ȼ󿪿˵ǿԼҪСģ
İɣƷʵֱӵѹƷûпڣߺ־˵Щ֮УǶԳƷĵġ
˼ڳƷûģֻһ仰Ҷѡ
ʱ򣬳ƷӵʾǿҪʼˣȻ˵ˣǿðɣȥ㱨𣡡
˵꣬ƷѾʧԭء
˼͸ߺ־ҲϻһŹʧ
ǿڿʼ


377 նժ
Ʒͽ˱ȶ֮еʱѾһڵȴˣĶ治׵ĵطվһŻ۵꣬һ˳ǹ˾͸һּΪĸо
ժǣƷ죬³֡
ûҾժǣû뵽ǿĶ־Ȼ㣡
ժ°ĿųƷ˵
Ƽϵӵܣܹһ·ߵڣԽ˴󲿷Ƽҵĵϵӵܣνʴӱοܲ԰
Ļ㻹мʤ㣬ǼȻңûпʲôʤˣ
Ʒժ˵
ǿЦƾôժǹЦⲻѡʦΪľǵȴһ̣ҿҪڵģƾҲ뵲סô
Ҫڣ˼ҿӦûˣ
ƷЦһ˵
̫ˣΪӮ룬ͿҵĶôժǹЦһ˵
ϻ˵Ҳ˷ʱ䣡Ʒν˵
Ʒָ˵һ룬ֻҲһ˵ûκ𣡡
Ʒ̫ˣժǿƼҲţȻ˵ҪժǣǷ𣿡
ʱѧȻˣ벻ͬ벻ǴûкܶΪ˵ժǿǳƼңȻֻϵ֮еϵѣҲԶԶѰܹȵϵġ
ҾҲûпܣ벻ҲţƤ죬Ǳˣ
һĿưѧм˵
벻ţƤ죬ȷʵʵ꣬ʵҲǽǿ̫ˣƷʵ̫ǿˣ
Ͼһưѧ˵ĿưҪⷽ۹⣬ûа취ưѧᲢ۵ġ
û̫ˣƷ̫ǿˣǴĸطðģôôֲ
ѧ۷׷ףȻҲΪƷġ󻰡𾪡
˵̫ˣժǱƷĻ׼ŭˡ
ԴƼû˸СˣһƼ֮вûرǿĴڣʵ˵һƼһĸ֮Ѿǳˡ
ҲǼƼҵϣʱǿƼҵϣȻҪϵӵܵϣ뵽һ㣬оޱȵ԰
һ𣬾ȻƷڵϼ̤
ƷĮĿժǣϲһͱ˵ˣοһˣ뵽ժǲĻ˼꣬Ŀı
֪м便ʲô˼ԴҲֻһʴ˽˼Ը񣬲䲻ˣֻˣӵ顣
֪лʲô飬Ҳȥ˽⣬ȻժôڣǾսԷϣɡ
䣡
أһ˲䣬ժǳˣеĳǹɲǼ֣ǹ̴ȻǴںһ㡣
һ񱩵㹻һ޷˸ŵˡ
һ˲䣬ǹѾ̵˳Ʒǰˣһǹʵֲ̫Ҳʵ̫ˡ
ˢ
ǵ˶ΪƷûüӦҪժǵϣкܶ˻ڰԿϧƷʵ̫дʱȴ֣һǹֱӴӳƷ֮д͸˹ȥû˵Ʒ
ҲûгƷһǹ̳ʧĳ
ƷֱӻӰһǹ̴һӰǽֻӰѡ
һɲǼ䣬ƷѾժǵǰˡ
ÿٶȣ
ժǵͫ΢΢Ϊ˳Ʒһ˸Ѿǰ쵽˵ߺ
ˢ
ƷеľӰս˲ͳˣɲǼ䣬ʣһ˲䣬Ѿնժǵĸǰ

ǧһ֮ʣժڳ˳ǹס˳ƷնһڽӴһɲǼ䣬˫־Ͳ㱻ˣеĳǹͱ˳ȥ
⣡
ժˣޱȵ𾪣Ʒ񱩵Ҳʵֲ̫ˡ
ǹô
ժǵԺ֮Уðһ仰Ψ˲𺳡
ǳƷĹɲӼ򵥵ľͽˣһ֮󣬽žǵڶ
ժӦֻǱܵóǹһֱӽժǵ˫ֿĹˣӦ˵ǱƷֲĹˡ
ժһҽУֻޱȾҵʹӵ˴֮Уͬʱһâ˸Ʒеĳֱһն˳ȥժǾͿԼ屳棬ͷ­ն˳ȥ


378 
նժǣһжֻķΧ֮ڣˣ
Ʒ֮ǰ˵ժǣȻǴţƤʵ
˾㤵ԭΪǿƷһƥֱڵеˡ
ɫ̫ˣ
һз̫ˣܶ˲ŸոλãƷѾսˡ
ոռѧûзӦһоͽˡ
˵õľսأ˵õĸֽأֱŰɱһͻժǡ
ժ̫ˣƷ̫ǿˣ
һѧĿɿڴ˵
⻹˵϶ժ̫ûˣԲŸǶ֣
ôܣ֮ǰҲһ·ժǵıģʵǿ֮ǰĶܹŹʮе˶٣Ҳû뵽ȻᱻɱƷ̫ǿˣ
ʱһĻʦҲһ׷׿ʼ
ƷҪˣ
һ۷ĵʦ˵ʱ˵Ǻ۷ʦ켶ĵʦҲÿˣΪʱڣʣȡˡ
㲻ǿǸױôȻҪǸױ裬Ʒ͹ˣ
һ۷ĵʦ˵
ԣƷǱŲؾȻܹӳսδǰ;ֱ
һ۷ĵʦ˵
Щ۷ĵʦˣһĵʦʸûУǶ֪ʱûκôġ
Ҫĺӣɲ˵ͿԵġ
ѧҪõĵʦЩõĵʦҲҪõӣл֪жײᣬЩЩѧ֪ġ
ʱƷѾ˱ȶĿռ䣬ɱժǣ˵ʲô
֪Լļʲôط˵Щ֮УΨһпܶвģʣǸױ衣
ױĸовҪϵϢӽӽԲԲҲ˵ʱпܿ쾳硣
̫ˣǸժǲǺܹ°ôڻǱôߺ־ӰһЦ֡ƷҾһƺˣŵߣʲôŵǰֻܱûбĿԣ
ƷһߵĿŸߺ־˵ŵߣⶼʲô
ܿ죬˼ӰҲѾˣûж˵ʲôЩ鲻Ҫ˵ĺ͸Ѿ㹻ˡ
һƷȻժǵӰ˲ԶʱҲûһֵİȻ෴ģֻǿųƷҧгݡ
Ķ֮Σ˳Ʒϣֻ֧УֱǶ˶ˡ
δһ죬Լܣ
ߣժһ֮󣬾ʧȺ֮С
Ʒ΢΢һЦʲôû˵һѾʧԭأһƬȶռ֮Уʱһǿ֮սݱĽ֮С
ʱ򣬻ûзֳʤϾժǵսʵ̫ˣѣժǾͱݿһĳ׻ˡ
һߣƷעһµǸױȻѾȡȫƣȻصΪȻױ轻ֵǸŮʵױв࣬Ҳõһս
սȴ޷ͻưױķױȫѹ·磬ױ˫裬裬ȴǽҪжֱָ˵Ҫط
֮ھҪʤˣƷҡҡͷ˵ͰױսǸŮѾʧȥ˷ִˡ
Уôܣ
ƷԱˣʱ˵Ǻܿ죬;ŴˣΪнʵ̣ܶƬ֮ˣҲϿ˽Ȼ˵аױһסŮսһѾŮͱһŹâʧˡ
УǸѧٲԸϣʱҲֻܳϣƷ˵Ķԣֻ֪ƷôжϵģתͷһղŻԱߵĳƷѾʧˡ
ƷѾûмȥˣΪ֪ʤѷֱ֣ӳ׼ˣȻܿ죬ͽӵ֪ͨһεĵʦսľҪʼˡ
ƷûκԥֱӴ˽ȥ
ʱڰױѾ˫ڵȴˣոսһȴûκεƣ֮пһ˲ָԼ۷״̬
ʱ᳡һƬУʮ˶ڹۿľսдһѧĴѧҲв١
û뵽Ķ־Ȼ㣡ױ鵭Ȼ˵
֪Ķһ㣬ǰңȻҺ㣡Ʒȴն˵


379 Ĵ
Ʒŵ˵ӿǿֵһ֪ˣ϶Ҫױ轻֣Ȼʤȫȡھ͹ɺҲǾʤһ档
ֱʵҲ֤ˣĲ²ⲢûдֵˣǱˣǰױ衣
ױе˫һȻ˵ֱǺ׼εĹھҪˣ
ƷЦܲɣҲǳŹھģûлˣ
ױЦˣܺÿ˵ܹڣѾܲˣ㲻ܶڵģΪҪˣ
ҪԲ֪ôƷЦЦ˵
ױ軺ǰϴżֳϢϽͷųȴһǿѹ
һ۷壬ϢԲֻ벽ܹ쾳ǿߡ
ǳƷ϶ܹߵԭȻҲأǻδϢĥԲ󣬻δͻơ
ױ赭һЦȻɲǼ䣬Ѿȳˣ̤ž˵Ĳӣ»һȻ˲Ѿ˳Ʒǰ
һеĹ̿νĿѣԣһ˲䱬ĺ⣬ȴһֻһĸо
˫±һȻ󽫳ƷǸ˽ȥ˫ϺһֱָƷеܹܵĿռסˡ
죡
죡
죡
һбʵ̫ˡ
ãƷҪˣױȻҲʵ
֮ǰսûбٶȺʵ
ⷴǲ˵ڰױ˵ֻгƷֵӵĶ֣
˾ɲǼ䣬ױȻҪʤˡ
ˣ
ױ˵
ֱӴӳƷϺɨ˲ͽƷˡ
һˣһֽУǿ϶㲻˵ġ
Ǵʱȴ֣ƷŽܽжôܣǳƷܹɵĶܹȥǳ۾һܹ֪ױÿһɨܹɵĶ㿪
ǵؼ۷
һʱڳƷϱ˾˵۰ױĹοֲ˲
ױʱеȻΪ֮ǰҲûмƷʩչӰʹãһûС
սҲǳḻȻһûУȴûзģеĽâɨٶȸ죬ɲǼٶγɣƬռ䡣
ʱɴͲܳƷʲô뷨ô㣬ֱӰԼĽסһеĿռ䣬ܳƷ㵽ֱӱС
ƷҲʶһ㣬ȴ˿ţ̶֣̽Ѿ˰ױߵٶͼ·ߣٶȿһһƫƫҲиɻΪֲġ
Ȼ㲻Ǿ͸ɣ
ƷȻһЦ
ϣ
ƷսȻһӳˣǳʵһһ㣬һɫĵâɲǼγˣȻŰױݺնȥ
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һնƣеĽӰҲʧˡ
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ױֻ˫۶ҪˣأΪо˳ƷǺĹֺĴ򷨶˵ҲǷǳġ
һĵز֮һɾԲǿЦģǸղԼһĽԷֻһƿˡ
ʱȻ˼Щʱ򣬰ױȻһ̤˲ԭʧˡ
ٶȳֵʱѾ˳ƷԱߣȻ޷ƣʹԱ߽
⼸һ˲飬ױѾԱߣһ˶ٶȡ
ٶȣһ̶֮󣬶ѹһС
ԲƷΪٶҲ
ױŸոյҪͷֳƷ֪ʲôʱ򣬾ȻҲת˹еսֱն
䣡
âһױһȻͳֱ
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âֱն˰ױղվĵط
˳ƷķΧױһϳ˾㵵ɫĺѾʪ͸ˡ
ղŵĽֻһ˲ѣ˫Ĺ֮Ѿת˹
ôôٶȣ
ױʱʧɫƷٶԶ
һûն֮󣬳ƷҲ룬ֱӾͳɱ˹
׵
ںڵĵϣڷӿֱӳŰױ׷ɱϡ


380 ʦսھ
ʱоݱһ׷һӣƷϵ׷Űױ裬ױҲûа취֮ǰЩһˡ
෴ģƷƵЩǱ
⡭⡭ôܰױò˰ɣҿǸѹʮӮҿô
ʮֵܣǿ
һֱǶڵôһ·ǺɨҲģǮüô
ѧƺûа취ܰױӱ׷ϴʵ
ôױô򰡣
ⲻǲ򣬶Ǵ򲻹ǸƷֲ̫ˣӲ̫ԿˣӲĻֻ֮ھͻᱻˣһѧ˵ʵԱһĴһѧҪǿĶ࣬Ȼܹóʱս֮ǰı仯
Ȼô˵ҲǼ˹һױٶȺܿ죬ȻƷǱҲ³
һٶȵ˼µĴһĴ֮ս϶ʮֵ˼Ŷ԰
Ȼʵϣе޵ĸоˣƷٶϾȻ˿ȰױҲΪʲôױƷӲԭ
Ƿȫ·磬ǳƷĹȻ˿ȰױҪֻضѡ
Ʒܹߵйĵطֺֹһ㣬ҲôһĹˡ
ʱƣԽԽ˿һ㣬ױ費ǲ򣬶ǲܴӲĻֻĶԿ˶á
ǰױʵǿòڣѧ֮ж̶ʱӵ˺ܶӵʱ׷׽Ʒһ㶼ϧԺҹ·Сһ֮ġ
ô޷ҡƷľġ
û뵽ƷʵȻôǿ
Ⱥ֮УһСһصŮŵ±ȶ֮˾԰ĳƷ֮Ҳɵ¶־㵵ɫ
ԭΪƷֻڵӵо˵츳Ӳŷ֣Ʒڵӵо˵ڶҪ̾츳
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ҲòϣЩȷʵţЩȷʵǲһ
ʱеİױ轥ƷƵǣƷԷˡ
ױӲΪӲ̫ԿˣƷҪƳԼһս
ڣƵǸ֮󣬰ױѾѡˣתĿ˳Ʒ֪ѡѾǺܶˣ˵Ѿûжѡˡ
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ױе˫ɲǼ䣬ʹһɽз籩ѹ׵ľѧҲûҪóûһֵһУƫƫǱƷƵһ
л˷籩һУɢһ˲䱬˼ΪµĹ
Ʒ֪Ӧǰױѹ׵ľѧˣֻҪһУһεĹھ֮
ƷҲ룬еĳһӱ˺˵Ĺâ
׵
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ƷĴ򷨼ֱĿǣް취
ǳƷʱɲ˿ϧ룬еս˲ն
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ױ˲ͱնУһŹâʧ˱ȶ֮С
ȫھļž֮˲һƬȻˡ
˵ʤѷ֣Ʒ˽굼ʦսĹھ
ҵ죬ھھôΪʲôҸо˵Ĳ˼鰡
ױȻʧˣȻʧˣҵǮҲ
ȻǶˡ
˭û뵽ɣȻǳƷصĺһڵףɹھ
Ʒʵ̫ϧˣǼŮôÿȻ֣
һʱ䣬ʱ۷׷ף˶ˣһս󣬳Ʒѧ֮ӱһսܻᳬЩ쾳ѧ
˸ھ֮󣬾ûҲôɽܣϾƷһ·̫ǿˡ


381 ʦԴ
ΪֻأֻҲ˵ˡ
ΪϸϲˣŻ˶𾪣ϳԽЩˣһǺպĴڣ֮ͬеٮٮߣͬǣѾʮˣ˵Խлˡ
ԸҲãԸҲãƷѾˣ
Ʒ֮У˳Ǹ֮УżҪ֪ĵʦ˭һнġ
ŸոճֹϲʼѩƬѧ֮ʶ˲࣬ҲһЩʮʱʶġ
һһظ֮󣬳Ʒŷ֣յ˰صʼɵ΢΢һЦ
أƷյһȫİʼ
ĵʦＯϣ
ʼ֮Уһϵĵַ
ƷΪʼѧٷϵͳ巢ģȷʵĵʦĻҲûпѧ巢һʼ
ϵĵصڴѧǵһѧ¥̨֮ϣůġ
ѧ֮Ƚ̬ϵͳһļ紺
ϣůĴϣƷоһѾкܾúܾöûӵˡ
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һʮ꣬ģӣĽ˶ͦΣһ˳ǹֱһ㣬˸һ֮һĸо
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ҵĵʦƷеɵĿӡ
ô㻳ҵʦôӽԴ΢΢һЦ˵
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㵹ǻһʶ֮ûǰӼһôܣԴ󵭵˵ǽһ굣εʦ֮ǰһֱսĵһߣŸո˻ʦǺˣҴĵһѧ
һ졭ƷʱԴе߻
Ʒе㻳ɵӣԴֻǵ˵ΪǵһĹϵеԴǵϣǿܵõģҪ֪ܶർʦĿɲֻǴһ󲿷ֵĵʦÿһ꼶ԼѧϾѧĵʦǺܶ࣬Ƿ䵽ʮѧУȴҲǺٵģ
Ʒ˵ͷô룬ƺҲе
һΣڣһѧѾһͬˣԺǾͬˣǶҵĵӣԴ
ʦʦǲͬģִĵʦǹŴʦһ̵ѧ֪ʶѧɳҪ²ִʦĸͬġ
һܿĵӰϣ¥ݿ֮УŮĸˡ
꣬һĸߴݸ㣬һĽ˶Ʒ࣬òƽ
Ůһĸһ߶࣬ȻرƯҲ㾫£һͷ΢һЩĸӻһЩ
һ糾͵ӣȻǸոմ
ʦΪʲôǺʱǸĸߴѧ˵
Ϊ˸ǽͬѧյĵӣƷӽСӵĶӳԴ˵
ʲô
ԴĻȻĸѧ֮һƬȻ
ȻҲû뵽Դٻһһ¶ӳ
ûνͷУ֮ǰһֱûиӳΪ˵ȴһ̣Դ󵭵˵
ƾʲô
ʲôҲ֮ϣ
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ʱѧߵ˵ǴǰͱԴѡеѧѹҲûвμӵʦսһǰѾǰѧĥˡ
ǽԴһֱҲûмγһӳƽʱҲ໥ȡΪӳ
ԭǻΪʦڿǣû뵽ʦȻֱһˣսΪ˶ӳ
ǵʦҲԲܣ

ƷҲû뵽Դһ;Ȼֱ˶ӳ
ļͬѧǸӸߵĽɳһ𣬻ŮӣӨ񣬻мʫ磡ԴѹûйѧߵʡǳƷһ쵼ʦսĹھ
ѧǲûбסǸ
ʦսĹھôˣ굼ʦսĹھҲǺǵĲβ࣬ƾʲôһͿս֮ϣ


382 һϰ
ǵ˽⣬ʦսȻðٵĺ֮ǰർʦûע⵽Ĳ׺飬ʵϣǺܹڵʲô̶ȣǺǵʵ޼
һǻܹܣһҪӳôĪľͳϡ
ӳûģԴûлӦ˵ɣֱ˵
ƷҲ˵ҵȻģ
ȻҲû뵽Դһͽӳ֪ʱǫʱȻʲõıʾˡ
ܺã
Դֶ˵ͷ˵
Ʒǰ⼸ͬѧ˵ǲӳô
ûǿЦǵʦҲͬ⣬
ʱǸĸߴѧɳһ˵
ĻҲ˵ˣǲ϶ǾҵʵǵĶӳȻˣǾֵ¼°ɣƷ˵
ãˬ죬ͳˬľɲǵĶӳҲԳϣǶӵһԱɳ˵һսɣ
Ǵҵ˼ҵ˼ǣһϰɣ˷ʱ䣡
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ʱɳ϶¶˼ŭݣǷûнǷֱӡ
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ֻһһĻǣֻҲǳ׵׵ŷȻˣǾ͸ɴһϰɣȺսʲôģҲûµġ
ɳҲ¶˼ַŭ飬һҪһһݺݵĽѵףڶڵ˭ϴ
ܿ죬˾ͽƷΧγս͡
óȭţҶνƷ˵

֮бĳ֣ȻǶд裬ǻǲҪñˣĳʲô⣡
ȻóĶǱռϷ»ƽĻǲ涪ˡ
ԴԱ߿ţһ㶼ûҪֹ˼ֻһĨЦݡ
һϰɣƷ˵
һӣŮӶһŭˡ
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˲䣬ЦݾˣΪԼĹȻˣȭͷֱӴӳƷ֮д˹ȥ
Ʒ˲仯ӰǵĹͳͳա
ɳʱһ衣
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˵ĹҲͳͳˣһ˲䣬ƷͶеĹ
أɳֻǰһһӰǰ˲ǳƷ˭ء
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ΪҲѾأЩѧ֮УΪѾٮٮˣҲܱԴϡ
صȻһһǿᣬڳƷǰȴûκô
˲סɳһ֮󣬳ƷȻһӳˣָȭ˲ȭͷ֮ϣȻһȭ䵽ɳϡ
أ
һ̫ˣƷ־ͺһһֱӺ䵽ɳϣɳʱ׻һ㣬˳ȥڵϹ˼£ûվʧȥս
ܣ
˼Ʒһоͽɳ̭֣ɵôʧɫɳʵǶ˲һʱǶڳƷ˼ޡ
ǴʱȻѾˣƷѾ˿ǰʧɫ˲Ѿ˷Ӧ˫ȭһųƷл
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383 
ȻûбǿĹҲʵˣ˫ȭͬһ˹
أ
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ƵײȴƷ˫ȭȻֻ̧ס˫ȭ˳Ʒ˫ȭϣǸûа취˵Ʒ
Ʒ˿ǿԼо˫۶𵴣ֲ˫ϡ
ʱƺеףΪʲôƷֻһжѣͽɳ˳ȥĸˡ
Ҳ̫һЩ
һɣæˣǳƷĶ졣
Ʒָȭֱһȭͬһ˳ǹһֱ˳ֱӺ˿ؿڡ
˫˲صǰַ֮ƣһ˲䣬ƷĹѾˡ
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ͬ˳ȥ䵽˵ϣֻؿޱȵʹҪվ;ʹ̡
ʱɳĸܣ
һ˵ʵǶ̶̼ʱѣĸУɳͿѾʧȥս˳ս֡
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ʱɳ˺һƷȻֲܻзִģȻЩˣȴҲرء
ʱѾǷˣٲҲˣΪƷѸײڶ֮ƾͽǸˡ
˫ʵ࣬ѾһĿȻˣ
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384 ٿơ
Ƕ֮еٮٮߣȻԴϳƷʼֱǱһĻˣ˫һϵĴڡ
ֻк쾳ĸֲпܶԸĳƷɡ
Ҳ˵Ʒеʮʮһһ꼶֮ǿ֮һ
ȻûпһŵУȴѾǵڶ֮еٮٮˡ
Ѿʮ־ˣϾѧһưˣżߵڶ֮е۷壬ҲѾʮֲˡ
ȥ˻ָһ£һ¼ϣȻӳѾλҪǽѵʱˣԴ˵
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ǵʵȫһȥʮ׸ʲô⣬Ȼսû˻ôԶΪڿвɿƵ̫ˡ
أƷĸնϾյһļԴ˵úÿ
Ʒļһһ鱾дšٿơ֡
ǣƷеɻʵ
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жõһӴ֣ʱǰǲһӴ۹õġ
ʱܹıһװ˷ģֻΪ˸ѧʹãѧ˽İٿȫ顣
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ҲԲ²ĵֻѧУڱдԼѧָϣ֪ʱ򣬿϶Ҳٿơ
ǾţƵĴٿƣȻֻĿ¼ѣһӴޱȵ⣬¼εϡ
һѧĹ¾Լġ
ѧܹ֮лƳ磬֮ǵһѧȻǳصġ
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385 Դ
Ʒ֮ǰǸѧУ޼ܹһƶϸܵؽǮûǮѧ
ᾡȫǸõǮѧûǮѧһԹƽ½
ȻҲȫƽܹĳ̶ȣѾʮ˲ˡ
ҪλûأƷʵ
ܶ;ͨѧ䲼׬ȡ֣ҲͨϽһЩŴżķѧû¼ѧһЩ޵ȵȣԶһ֣Դ˵
Դôһ˵Ʒž֪ˣѧĻ־ʲôһƶˡ
ǿͨ¸ָĹɻ֣ܹͨøָĶǿʵ
һ˫ӮḶ́УѧܹԴǿԼѧҲܹúܶѧǵİæ棬ԽԽǿ
ǹͶ룬߹ջ񣬶γȫƽľ棬ҲвȥֹֻӮľ棬ܹȫȥ
ѧĹأӴѧûֻĶǲ浹ģΪкܶѧеĺڿƼ䵽棬룬Ȼڵĳ̶ȣҲܻʲôܵĺڿƼԴ˵һԼҪעˣõʱץ˰ѱҲ㣡
ƷԴޱأʱˣӦþѧĵˣѧѧĹиǲûеߣһԽߵĻ¾һˡ
ȿɣԴ漴ֶҲ˵ˡ
Ʒһٿơʱһ۽󿪵ĸоеʵļ䣬ٿ֮йڵҩĲϤĲ֣ǳ۽Ĳˡ
ҵʵļǰĳŴ֮е񶼲֪ȥ˶꣬ܶණѾûа취Ϊˡ
ؽ֮еһЩջۣתƣܶණһˣϼ㻹һǺܶϸڵĶͶѾһˡ
һ߿һ߾ô۽磬Ҫ׫֡ٿơĻ֪Ҫпɣɲˡ
ѧʵ
Ʒע⵽⡶ٿơ֮л˺ܶĹִȱļأʲôףս˵еļǽأоĲȻҲֻǲѣûиĶˡ
ˣڳƷ˵ҲĶˣǼǽִ˵еսƷִ˵еսӡһЩԻǼĵжΪĿս
ս޵ͻϮ֮УܹվȽŸǽʣ˺ܴõġ
ڡٿơ֮оȻйڼǽһЩļأ٣ʱٶ֮ģȻǻݣҲѾܺˡ
ͨ˸ܽӴЩϢڰ֮ǰԴ˵ģƷԸ㹻ĻֵĻܹøһЩǽʹõϵͳʲô֮ġ
ҲѧĸྫӢҡЩ˶δľӢѾѰȫͬˡ
Ʒڲһָ
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ȵȫˣ׼ѧľӢѧĵ֪
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ʱ򣬳ƷĿļﱬ˼ãƷһĿʮУļ죬ģȻסˣֻҪõõȻֳܹ
Դһʼע⵽˳ƷٶȺܿ죬ΪֻǴҴҿһŶѣһǺܸȤǺܿ콪ԴͷˣƷǲ㿴ͳͳסˣһҳͼסһҳ
ոյõۣҲʮֺȻΪԽĸ˵ĴҲõϵĿоĻһҳϸϸҲܹסݣ࿴鼸ǧֵҲܹס
ںĿǳƷ־Ͳͬˣ͸ɨһɨĶͼǵΪ˵ġ
㺱ܹʷϿĳĳ˹Ŀֿûʲôںܶʱ򶼺ܷ㣬ͬʱҲ֤˳ƷʺܸߣΪĿʴӱ֮ۡ
ĽģҪﵽƷزܹ˵֮ͨĵزпܡ
νͨǸˣͨ
֪ƷǾĸ졣
Сʱ֮ɳڷˡ


386 ۷ĵʦ
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ʱƷҲֻһСֶٿƶѣٷ֮ʮûУϾٿʵ̫ˡ
ĸ֮󣬹ĿҲҪ˲ܹĿ
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κһ߿״ԪֻҪ䣬δǰ;ǲģϾǴѧ֮ӱģ붼ĵԴ󵱳жôķޣڶҪĶˡ
ѹԼʦսھͷβǺܿˣϾǵ״Ԫ
ƷɳһڽԴʮ⣬һǿĵʦָ·ƣǿ߶·߶ٽݾ
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387 ۵
ʦʲô۵ᣡ
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ҲĿ⿴˽Դ󣬶е档
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Ϊʲôĵѧǲأʱ𿪿ʵⲻһĻô
ܹĵһεȴֳ̨ܹɫһ˶ٲ˵ġ
Ϊֻ۵һôȻǿԲĴᣬҪΪǿǣĵѧʵϰԼҴҵûпչѧУ飬ѧȻֻһ꣬ǵ츳࣬Ǵһ꣬㹻ѹˣ
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Ȼ֮ǰ״ԪʱѾֹˣ۵ٰĿĺڣƷʵ
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388 ţ
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˶ŽԴ
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Ҳǲˣ츳Ҳ
ˣԺ۵ᣬһѹھûģƷվ˵
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ãҪ־ԴƷ֮˸֮ɫ
ڵĻûôȻҪμӣҪŶȥƷȻ˵
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ȻʮֿĻǲ֪ΪʲôȴһĪѪ֮ӿ
ǰڵĻûʲôˡ
¶ôǿ󣬵ڶˣǾһӶûϣˡ
׼һ£ѵԴ˵


389 ҳ׷
ڶ죬Ʒ֪Դ˵ѵʲô˼ѧУûд϶ʱ䣬ͱԴҰ
һɽ֮ϣԿȺɽ֣ɽ֮ϣһſŲεض𣬱ضֱ߰ף߰ϵĴ鸲סһС
һɽ֮ϣһܺɫսͣϷһսͨڣԼʮףҲ׶࣬ΪӴ͵Ļƻøʮ㡣
ս֮УֻˣǽԴļѧ
ʦսôûмѵǾ·۵սôս֮ϣһɫս׵Ŀɵúʵ
һǾͱԴ˹ֱһսȻ˹
ͺŵսֽкӥĿǰ˵ˣ֮ҲûдģֻۣһЩֲӷˣǿģΪѧвоͺŵսֻѧڲ˲ܹһ滹ûյʵΪǿ¿ƼЩսսףɴ֮ģʵʮϵĶûҲ
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ƷӽԴĻ֮жϳˣѧ֮оȻԼƲţһֺӥսȻеǿһϡ
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ЩľŲܹõɡ
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ӦúֵǮɣɳҲǿǰ˵·ۿһսɾͽһͷ޺Ƭ֪ʲôʱܹһս
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ЩʱˣֻԼе·пܴĥµ
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396 ͻƣ
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һͷѪԳ죬Ʒһû˿ĵӣȻһȻնȥ

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һֱڣǲʤ⣬ԼҲܹŵ졣
ʱƷûע⵽ЩΪѾȫһѪڵս֮Уոͻƣ֮ǿֲŰ
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ǳƷʱĿ񳱣㹻ǸɳȥˣҳƷʱʱĶĳһͷѪԳ֡
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ڿ˺쾳ǿ󣬸ǿѪڡ
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399 ʱ⣬ʼս
ʼ֮¼Ĺʵвٵģֻһѡ
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ڣԼһ˾ܹĹһͷѪԳһʼǻҪƷİģԼҲܹ뵽ѪԳȺĸѰ䵥ѪԳնɱ
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ҪİȫһĲŵĹԱǵȻ·ҪãΪǱǱһôû˳ܵһţһıǶڳƷ˿ܻɵҲֻǼɵˣƷֶޡ
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Ʒżǵһνһѧ֮еĵһţᳬԽЩ˵ģȱٵģҲһЩʱѡ
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ǧһ֮ʣƷˣĴȻһɨ˳ȥǺܿ죬ȴ֪ôģֱӴһâȻȳ嵽һӰ֮ϡ
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ʱǲſʼ˳Ʒһ쵼ʦսھͷΣԭǶϣֻú̫ˣĸôȥμֱ
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ǻư΢΢ЩȻȻһֲõԤУΪһʤȯˣû뵽Ȼ˱ʡ
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405 һл
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406 ڻֵ֣Ž
˶ס˺һô죬Ͼڸղŵһϵս֮УƷƺҲֻ΢ռһЩϷѣ˭֪Ʒһ֣˲ɱϹӣ
Ϲӿǽп֮ǰʮĴڣҲ˵ƷѾǽп֮ǰʮĴˡ
ð죬˲ŴӳƷɱϹӵعˣ
ǼưĵææҵȥϹƣ׷ͳϹӵ˿ڴϹӵ̾͵õ˻⣬Ҳ۵شˡ
Ʒ̾ͷˣư༸һֱɱ˵Ŀ⿴Լ޲ֽ̳ԼУﲻڴѧеʦԴڳĻư˵ֱӶˡ
Ҳֻ΢΢һЦϣΪ֪˾һᣬ¯һ˶Ǹܵ顣
ȻѾѡ˽ԴʦȻҪվڽԴһչˣưȻǽԴĶͷ˫Ҳû׽Ŀԡ
ɵĲһҾͽڻתĻͷϣ
ʱԴЦƷУӦ׼ȷ˵һɱͷǰ
°ܽȻµܲ˵ġ
ڳƷһ棬ڻȻһ㶼ģҲǰ׼ġ
ư࣬ôĵҲ˶ѣһʮڻҴʺϾͿˣԴŻưЦ˵Żư۵Ƥֱȴ»ưˡ
Щ˶ѧĶʦ棬㶼һ󽫣ˣҼҲֻʱѡ
ȻΪʮڻ־飬ĻѧΪЦ
ߣҵȻǣһӲڣĻôݵӲ񣡡
ưһ˵
˵ٰʽ˵ʲôãһ˵ʲôϾû˲ǣԴЦһưവˣˣԼ߿״Ԫݰ
ССȻ˺ݶ˳ɳҲǲģư˵
ư࣬ҿϺͿ˰ɣ׼ĵӴҵĵӣҵĵӲĵӣֱǿЦɣԴ󵱼Цһ˵
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ԼĵӲҰ˳ƷϣҲ޻˵ˡ
Ҳֲģ
Դ
Żưʧ֮󣬽ԴſųƷֵĲȻˣҲ㣬Ȱڻת㣡
Ʒ߹Ȼܿյڻת˵Ϣ
ɳˣĽޱȵĿųƷڻְ棬൱ڣĽǮ
ȻҲڱȽϸԣ˼ңڶҲѾǼʲˣƷǰｪԴһܣ͵õˡ
ֱһҹ콵ƣ
ҲֻĽѣΪǶ֪֮Ȼ콵ƣȴÿ˶ܹõġ
ҲᣬǻǵǰҲץסûǷʵڷǰûлᡣ
лʦ
Ʒ
лҸʲô˵ҲӮģ
Դʮֺˬ˵
ˣǸȥչذɣ֮ң
Դ˵
֪ЩµѧѾҪ쾳ˣҪһطúǱޡ
ʦҪ٣ҪµʱҰɣ
Ʒ˵
׼ˣ
Դһ£Ȼֱ˵
ȻԼѵƻҲ֪ƷԼķչЩѧÿһǾӢѧЩͨѼʽĽѧǲʵģӢȻоӢӦеĽѧ
лʦƷ˵
Ҳûа취Ҫɻʼս壬ͱҪʮʱ䣬ټҪͻƵ쾳ʱ䣬µʱ䲻Ǹոպöѡ
ʱ䶼̣Ҫɻʼս壬ȴûа취̵ģȱһ춼ԡ
ҾˣһҪʱǣ
Դ˵Ҵ뿪ˡ
ƷҲողҪֿأͿԱߺܶѧٷɱɳһʵֵܣʲôô
ǻ֪ѧ᳤ˣ˿һǸԪˣȥ۵Ĺھôʲô˲ģǱ߶أѧ˵ּ꣬ҴҵĳԶӶȥ

Ʒ֣ɵ֮˸һĨâ


407 Ӣ
֣ʣǶڳƷ˵Ƕ˼˵һ޴ѹ
ѧѧ˵һ档
ûнѧǰڽĺܶ飬ֻţ˵⼸Ϊܳĵӣǰ߿״Ԫȵȡ
Ȼѧŷ֣Щǽ⻷֮е֮һˡ
״Ԫ֮˽ѧѹͬûе֣ͻ˵ʱ۵Ĺھѧ֮УʮУЩţ֮ͬεѧ֮жһ֡
ڲǴѣѾѧѧ֯ѧϯڴĵѧУ£Ѿѧѧ֮еһ֡
˵ѧˣǴ󲿷ֵʦҲĶ֡
ʵ֮ǿѾ綼ڴʵѾ쾳磬Ȼ֪٣ǹ⴫ԣѾ֤ǿƺͿˡ
Խǿ󣬶ڳƷ˵ԽǺ£
Ҳ룬Ʒ;ȥ֪֪˲ܰս
ƷӶȥɳҲû˽ɢ˼æǱ߷Ӷȥ
Ʒڸϵݵʱ򣬲ŷ֣ټѾվˣɽ˺·֮ܵϣվӰңңԡ
һһսףһ糾͵ӣӦǸոմսӰĸߴݿʲԼĪŶʮ£üĿ֮͸һѱ
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ȫĿĽ㣬ѧһ֣
Ķ棬һӰ뽭·ĸ޳һʽĻۣͬһƣͬĳâ䣬Ȼһ㶼
ˣһ۵ĹھȺŵĽܳӡ
ڵϴޱ޼ʵĺʵϣռݵؽصĶߣ޾ĺ󣬳֮Ϊ޾֮䷶Χжûа취̽ޱߣ溣鲼ȺǱ鲼֮һ㡣
޷ϽӴ֮ϣൺһ½һ涼вٵţкܶɴ඼ǰ̽޾֮ʱֵĳŴżĻϽġ
Ⱥű޾֮һΪӴţܳӲ۵϶нܳı֣ܳĵȻȥ۵ϣȻһٻǿжȡ˹ھķԪˡ
ںôҲǼΪģȻЩһӴͬкܶĿѧңвٵľӣӸʮǿ
Ȼӫӫ֮ѣ쵼ߣҲǶԿ޵ѧѪڣÿ궼֪ҪͶǮȥЩȻÿҲвٵĽܳ𣬵˿ڼûһ߿ء
ѧѧѡţһĴڣȺŵĵӸȥ˹ھʣһܴ衣
Խ߲㶼ѹ鷢һξ͹ˣԲһΣԴսսһߵĵʦѧ
ѧҪ־ϴˢȥĳ裡
ɴԷĳԪǿ
ȻȽСһ꣬ȴȻ·磡
Ԫѧʲô˵ѵǴѧô
Ȼǣһûôģ
ԪֻǵһЦ˵Э飬ȥȻȺŻ۵Ĺھô۵ľٰӦþȺˣһҸʦʦǰΪʵ飡
Ԫ˻һѧѧ϶ÿˣǴѧǸоһֳ裬ǶΪѧȴǲҰܡ
ڷԪζǿרġ
ԪҲ̫ԵˣʱӢ۲ʹӳѣͬһ죬ضûлժȡھڣ
ʢ˵˵
ôɣҵ뷨һһ꣬ضûĻԻͣԪֻǵһЦ֮Ȼ˿á
˶֮ͬеٮٮߣǶ۵Ĺھͬ綼ǵĶ֣Ȼһһӽ
ôҪңһսô䵭˵
֮϶һսǲǽ죡Ԫ΢΢һЦ˵ҿʹأˣһ飬ˣ


408 
Ԫߵڣûнڳôѧѧϣúܶѧѧ޹⡣
˶⣬ûнȻĻѧУȻҲһܹѹˡ
һʱ䣬ΪѧĿĽ㣬ǱѾٮٮ֮еٮٮˣԽʱһָɽֹĸо
е߸ϣеˣҪģʣǽǷԪˡ
Ⱥ֮УƷֻĮĿһ۽ڵĽ˵ҫۣȴǳƷҪܵĶ
Ļ˼пܱ뽭Ȼ˿ܹͽעҪɽһ峤ľӢһǳҵ顣
Ƕ˼˵ֻ޾ı
ǽΣƷ䵭˵һ䣬Ȼתɳ˸˱Ҫȥˡ
һΣ˽Ҳ˷Ԫ˶һ˽ܣֻһѣͷԪҲֻһѡ
һ꣬ȴ㹻һ̶ȵĲˣ
˶õҲû˵ĳָӼӾ˳ƷеΣУΨ㹻ʵܹ㹻İȫС
ʱɳ֮󣬳ƷϾͷԼı֮УеѶϢҪչ֮󣬳Ʒ̽˱չ֮Уķơ
Щѧ֮еıѰʵıһ˷֮󣬾һС͵ıһҪӲûпܣҲΪ˱ѧһֻơ
֮Ʒǽ˱չ֮УҪʼս壬Ҫ취ͻƵ쾳пܡ
֮ǰѾ׼ҪͻƵ쾳磬ʵҪͨڵҪʹܹ֮γһСѭ
Уǲϵ֮УȻҲڲϴͨԼ
ѾβĽ׶ˣܹƵ۷塣
ֻҪٴܹͨ뵽쾳磬̲Ҫðգˮɵ顣
ȻҲҪϸ漰ĶǾͱҪССģСˡ
³ƷľԶһҪ̣Ҳڡ
Ʒչ֮󣬾ͽȫıչ֮Уڱչصķ֮Ʒʼת˻ʼһһʼ˳Ʒڻδͨľ
ͨľԽ࣬Ʒһ˲ܹҲԽ࣬ʩչҲԽǾˣ̼㵽˺쾳Ҳһֱ۷壬пܽڵȫͨٴͨζ֮󣬾쾳硣
еĿʼ֮ǰеľ磬˵ײǴʹ֮аˣֻ׼Ľ׶Ρ
һͨ
Ʒûκͣ˴ͨһ֮·һһʱ䡣
ɽ£һαչأƷķ˰µʱ䣬ºƷڳء
ڵԴԴϢ಻·Զľһ㣬Ǻ쾳磬ȻֻǺһضѣǺѾ֮
֮󣬳Ʒڱпڿеʽż
쾳֮ǰűϵĲ𣬵˺쾳֮󣬳ƷʵӣҪǣҲ˾޴ͰǰĳƷȣʱĳƷֻܺüǸʱԼ
ĽĴ
ȹ˺һصľ֮󣬳ƷͿʼȫ׼ʼս飬˵ʼսĳɹֱӾ͹ϵδĳɾ͡
˵δǳ󺣣ôʼսɴ
Ҫ
ҩǰѾѼˣƷܿѾպһͰҩԡһҩ֮С
ƷֱУȻʼת˻ʼʼһͰҩԡ̺Ŀֲҩ
ǸոտҩԡΪȣƷƷֻоԼ嶼ҪһΪгɣʺ͵ҲѾǲͬնˡ
ò˶ãͻᱻֱˣڱ֮רҩԡõĳӣ»¯𲻶ϵļȣһ¶ȡ
յЧã
ƷҩսڣޱȵȣžޱȾҵʹȫ˺˿һ
ʼս壬Ҫһ̣ɺ죬ÿһϸҪ˺ܣҩԡ̺֮ҩǿҪеĻƷܿͻľԪûбĿԡ
ԳƷ־Ҳֻоʹ̣ûа취תʼȥ


409 ʼսɣս
ʹʵ̫ǿˣֻֽǱͱһĸо෴ģȫ£ȫ˺ѣ˺ĸоֱûһھʹ
ʹÿһϸ֮еģܡ
ûһطۣҲ˼Ϊܵ飬ȫ¶һ
ȻƷ֪ܲȥʼսҲɣǻ̲סϵĵһʱҲˣΪʲôʼսڻʾ֮ˣֱǱ̬
һôܵӿֲʹС
ʵûйϵ켶ĸ֣˺һоһԼȥ
أڳƷҪֲȥʱһӳƷԺ֮ʶϾȻ¶˼ƽ͵顣
ǿֲҵʹȻҲӰ־ûа취ҡ˵⻹һܡ
񻰴˵еһڵȴܹ¶ȱЦݣľΪﵽ˲˼ĳ̶Ȳпܡ
ƤҲҪҲգ
ܵʹʽã޷Ӱ쾫֮еʶ
ȻƷǴﲻ־־ģܵһʹãǧ֮ɵ˼ΪߣǾΪڣһĲ˼飬һҹҲ񻰡
ڳƷ˵ܹﵽЧҲһġ
֮УǳƷȴܹоһȫÿҪ֧Ųסʱ򣬶һһޱߵʹ
Ʒæᣬת˻ʼȻƴһͰҩԡ֮еҩ
ܹоԼ֮ÿһα˺ѣ֮ͻҩУ֮УĻʼսҲһδε˺֮вϵĳ͡
һǳʹḶ́
һһҹʱ䣬Ʒ˹ΪʱһͰҩԡѾ׻һͰˮˣеҩƷˣһ㶼ûʣ¡
ƷҩԡĳӣٶһͰҩԡ֮ȻֽУʼ
ʱ֮УƷ˳Էͼ̵˯һЩʱ֮⣬ʣµʱڲϵежɹ
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ʮ죬ƷڽһͰҩԡҩɡ
ƷѾˮҩԡӵ˳¶һ͵ļ⣬ȥƵһ
ʼսһ׶ˣ
ƷԵܹоصֱըԵ˵ԭֻܹһƿˮˮҵĻôܹһˮҵʵֹһ㡣
¾ûκεı仯ܹоƾʼսҲܹصĸ࿹⡣
˹ʱ棬ɢԼԼһֹǻʼս֮Ʒһ£þӰսϸһ˹£ֻܹһɫӡӶѡ
ֻҪͱӲ˵Ʋ˳Ʒķ
Ҳ˵Ʒһףڹؼʱ̣пܾǷΪʤء
ֱǶһһ
ڻʼս˵ⲻ˵һ׶εѣʼսֳܹ׶ΣֱƤ׶ΣڲǸոƤĽ׶ζѡ
Ľ׶ΣķһһرӲҲ̫ܽˣǽ׶ˣʼսɣǸʱ򣬲ʻһ¥ؼǣʼսѾȫɣ̥ǣ²תҲܹӳʼս
Ҫɺ׶ξͲܹɵˣֻǺ쾳磬ܹɵһѾǼˡ
ټȥĻᵱ̲ĵƷ֪ġ
ʼսĽ׶ξҪȵͻƵ쾳пˣǵĽ׶Ҫͨпɡ
ЩǼģҪһһڳԣ·Ҫһһߣ
䣡
ƷһתڵĹڷϯγʵʷ籩һ㡣
ûаܹ
Ʒ΢΢һЦڱʽ
ʱȥһѪԳˣ
Ʒ֮ǰӲƴʱȻڱɱҲǳڴƣǽԷĥʯһĴڣڣڿԽˡ
뵽Ʒһ֮󣬴׾ͳš


410 㣬һȭ͹ˣ
ȳƷ뿪˱鷳ˡ
ǳƷ
ڳƷ˱֮󣬾غѾһͻȻð˳˳Ʒǰ
ÿϵϢԲǿ󣬱ѧ˵ѧĸߴһЩͬʱϵʵҲǿһЩ
쾳磡
ڴѧ֮Уܹ쾳ģѧ֮еٮٮߣ֮ձһЩҲȫ
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Ȼ֪ΪʲôԳƷôĵ⣬ƷЩˣȻҲǲκεĺøС
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Ʒ˵
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ȻڵĳƷѾ˽ߵˣȻⲢǺ£Ʒ£Ϊ֪ҲûʲôãһòԽĴɽ綼Ҫϣ޷ǳһЩһЩĲѡ
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ÿһ˶һʦսҼǸʱ򣬳ƷҲֻ۷Ϊ֮Ѿ˺쾳硣
ѧһѧڿ˺쾳磬С
ڲŷ֣е̫ˣ
Ʒ˵
Ǻ쾳Σ㾹ȻҾ᳤ܾٻǺҲκô
ǸѧʱһٶȳųƷһߣһѧҲѾȫµĹѾ۶ʱ׼ֻ֣ҪǸֳͬһ˿һĲ֧̳֡
ǸѧǺ֣һ˲乥ͺƼ籩һĺɨвƷҪ
ȭȣҪ㣬һȭ͹ˣ
Ʒ״һ㶼ţҲ룬ֱָȭȻȭ䣬Ȼһȭ˳ȥ
䣡
Ʒһȭ˲䴩˿һµ˲ͺȭӰ
ȻֻɲǼ䣬һ޴ĺƷһȭȭӰǸѧֲסֻһȭѣͱҷ˳ȥ


411 ǧѪԳİΧ
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ʱƷһȭ糤ǹһֱ˳˲Ѿ䵽ѧǰ
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ѧȻǿסһȭ廹˲䵹˳ȥֱӹ䵽˵ϡ
ʱһͬ뷨ˣǰ˼ֱͲˣһͷƤĹޣײһ£ֱͨ·ϱ󿨳ݺײɳȥĸо
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˴Լû뵽ԼǵͻƵ˺쾳磬ʵôɡ
˵ĵҲƷ˾ӣֻ½Ѿע⵽Ĵˣѧ֮Ŀŵץ棬֪жôΣա
⽭ѧѧĿУֱ񻰣ǾʲôƲ磬෴ľһĺ֮
ѧ֮󣬳ƷٳѪԳľۼضȥ
֮ǰӥսַӾ͵ˣڣƷԼ·ȴҪķѺܳʱ䣬дٿвѯͼ·
ò˵ѧдٿеĵͼȷʵʮƵģҾ˵ѧԼǷϣڸֵͼΣ϶ʵʱµĸõߴ·ˡ
ڵͼϻעܻΣյ޳ûܻ޳ûʱģȻҪѧֵģֻҪһǧ֣ȻͿò鿴ˣҲһСĸɡ
ѧ֮󣬳Ʒͽ޸ͷųˣѾõ޻˵졣
Ȼ޷ǳ󣬵ΪѧľӢѧȻʸӵеģ˾ĽʺҲûа취
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ƷϣѪԳصķӶȥһ·ϾܿЩ켶޳û򣬲޵ķԵ˸쾡¡
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ǰĹ򣬳ƷѾѪԳء
ոɭֱԵѾһ޴ޱȵѪԳ
ѪԳΧźţҲֹһȺƷɫһ䣬ǰ֮УһֱѪԳ򽻵ԶѪԳʲôҲһ̶ȵ˽⡣
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ƷһߣµƷͨ̾ͳڵɭ֮зӶȥ
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ƷֻԼԼеһЩһĻʵ̫ϤˣΪ֮ǰһѪԳȺΧƷʱ򣬱ӡ
һһ쾳ѪԳѪԳȺ϶ֻͷѪԳǧͷѪԳۼȻͲֹһѪԳȺڰΧ
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412 ɱѪԳ
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һͷѪԳƷȻֱ˹ûµģȻֱӾͳųƷɱ˹ſѪںһ˫צųƷץ˹ȥ

צץ˳Ʒϣֻץһѣûܹκε˳ƷΪƷһǰ㶼ûܹ
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һֻ˳ƷһȭѣһͷѪԳѾֱӲˣؿȫȥԣѾ࣬Ҳˡ
ײǼͷѪԳҲһ˵أһͱѪԳ̤
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ʼɱ¾ЩѪԳͬͨ˵ȻռϷ磬ʸǿ
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ƫƫƷȴָоʼսֱΪ׼һþӰսնɱǿеĸоҪá
Ʒɱ𣬲Ƕ̶ʱ䣬ȻͱɱһٶͷѪԳͬѪԳ⵽ش䵽˵ϣ֪
ߵҲھһͷѪԳ죬ԴѪԳһ߳˳ƷǰԱѪԳҪࡣ
֮ǰƷһͷѪԳ죬ӦȺѪԳ죬֮ǰƷһͷѪԳʵҪϲ٣ӦǸոտ쾳粻õˡ
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һͷѪԳһô¶ƷɱˣʱŭɶųƷ˹
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ƷһͷһͷѪԳνǿɲɱ¾ЩѪԳҪƷǸûпܵġ
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ХһޣͿʼɽķӶȥ
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һͷǳƷѣƷĥʯ˰µһͷѪԳ졣
һͷİĺݣȻطѪԳ졣
һͷѪԳƷνǳ˼ۺ죬ǰУǵûܹ³ƷƷһ·նɱ˲ٵȺԱ
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414 ѪԳ
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֮ǰȻƷѪԳӲƴǶ뻹ҪƾٶԷġ
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ʱһͷѪԳϾһƬѪģѪ
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һҽУһͷѪԳԴķ˳ȥӦ׼ȷ˵Ǳצиġ
Ѫͷ­һ䵽ԱߣʱǾ޴ڵ
ˣһͷѪԳҲѾƷ޸նɱѪԳȻȻǵʱ򣬲ɢ֮䣬ӵĸɸɾ


415 ²
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Ʒ˿ɳˣЩһϢԲγһСѭǽ˺쾳ףɳȿ˺һص۷徳硣
ҲͲˣϾѾչµʱˣǰǾѾ۷壬ڿ쾳Ҳֻ֣Ȼǵľ绹ǺͳƷ࣬սȴѾһѾ֮ˡ
ӦͷѪԳĽĽڽڰˣȻóƷĻͽֶԽͷѪԳ죬˫ʵѾһزˡ
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Ǻް취ޣڳƷǰȴʲô֮ɴ˿ɼһߡ
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Ҫ֪˶Ǻ쾳ʵҪ˵ĹЩѪԳǲ̫ܵģҪ˵ͻΧ߻Ǻܼ򵥵ĳǼͷѪԳ죬ѪԳ͸ǵٶȡ
ǾȻǱⱾǲܵ顣
ҲǴˣû뵽Ȼ˼ǳȻѪԳȺִһֲҪǶӳ֧ԮǽֻҪȫûˣ
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ʦԴĻǶһѪԳȺҲûκôֱһ˾Ϳɱ⣬ʵƷЩѧҪĶˡ
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Ҳɫôÿô˵ǱˣΧǶѾ㣬ٲеĻֻ֧Ԯˡ
Ƕֱϵפİ취ǻѧľӢѧҲܷɱܡ
Ͼǳɳȥ˵˶лᣬϣ쾳ľӢʧһ˵Ǿ޴ʧ
أʱ˻ûü𻰣ǵĸնϾľ


416 ޳ƣ
˵ɫһ䣬Ϊָն˻ͻȻǾֻһֿܣʾڵϺХȵȻֺҪ취֪ͨڳ롣
ؽ֮Ҳˣؽ֮УֺʣЩޣЩγɵ޳µȻֺ
æ鿴˸նϵϢԭ︽ҵλãһ޴ޱȵĴǣΪǣҲһµǳǣһǳǹĵطǱ𴦣ѧǡ
ȻֻǳǶѣҲǧ˿֮࣬ǸĳС
ڣһ޴ĳ˿ֲ޳޳ǻûʲôϾؽ֮Уᱬָģ޳Ҳϰˡ
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ˣô죬ô죡ӨһӾ;ʧˣ⻹ǳƷһμӨ㾪ʧ룬Ҫ֪ԭѪԳȺɽ֮еʱû㾪ʧȻǹˡ
ȱżǸոյϢҲ˵ǿܸողűƣû飬οڣ֮еĲӦѾ׼ڶˣִϰ䣬Ҳ޸֮Ӧûڶ֮У
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УһҪȥҰְ裡
Өһʧȥ˷磬ƽʱֳжôļǿʱҲֻһСѡ
ڹȥˣʲôֹǼ޳֮У˭ܹԱƷһֱǷͨһһӾӨ񰲾ȻųƷ˵ӳ˵Ҫô죡
ɣղһϢǶûУͨԶ֮⣬ٻЩڸѧѧҪϹȥ֧ԮƷָŸնϵϢ˵
ûôãʱǾԲģɳ˵ͷ˵
ǵ鶼أҲ׵ȥҪȥĻսɳĳǿԽܵġ
ЩѧѧѾȺܶӸֶҪĶˣӣַӾܹΪֲӵһԱ
ǾҲٵ֮Уɳ˵һôĴǧգΪľôһʱǳߣǳʵԭǣǶܾܾٻ
ǵĸն϶мأһξܾٻȥĻصܻᱻѧ
ѧֹؼʱ·ķġ
ǶҪϹȥǵ״̬ڸϹȥҲûʲôôֻΪ޵ĸвͣ
Ʒʱɳ˵״̬νǱȫľҲѾﵽ᧿Σĳ̶ȡ
ټϻҪһ·оϹȥĻϾȥͲˡ


417 ˼Ҿ磬
ɳҲֻܼѵĵ˵ͷȻǲԸϣʵϣҲˣڹȥڵ״̬ҲʲôϾŸոմսһûеѡ
ɣҿӨȥ϶ҲԸ⣬ߣһ·޹ǻˣһսһʱƻһҶһ£׼ӭӸսɣƷ˵
Ө˵ͷѾеˣǾԲԸԭصȴһ뵽ĸˣѶǣһˣôǸ
ߣߣ
ƷһԱߵϣȻ̯֣Ө
Ө̧ͷ¶˼ɬ飬ûкһӹͬʲôȻʱҲѾûʱɬˡ
æסƷ֣Ȼһ޵ıϡ
ˣ
ƷһµҲƷͨ˲ֱӴ˳ȥһɫһǵķӶȥ
ɳ໥һۣȻɳ˵ˣǶˣϽϢȽָ֮ٸȥǣ
ǵʵ޳֮л𲻵̫ãǧǧȴܹ𵽼á
ƷӨǳ޷ٸǣʱﵣż˵İȫӨҲû˼ˣֻ޵ıϷûҩָ
İɣûµģƷ˵
Ȼ֪ƷֻǰοѣӨǸо˺ܶࡣ
޵ٶȷǳ죬Ƭ̼Ĺ򣬾ѾܳȥԶˣǰСʱʱ䣬ѾӽǸˣ𽥵ģѾܹһͷͷڱϮǸʵĳǽ
һĻ棬𺳣һޱ޼ʵǽһޣӸ߿֮иȥܹЩ޼ֱǿһݺײ˳ǽϣȻ˳֮С
ʱǽķϵѾȫʧЧˣӦ˵ǽķѾӲһϵˣֻɢɢһЩڷء
Щݺ;ݵҲޱ߿֮һҶۣʱ㸲ʱܱơ
Ʒæ޼ٸȥһѾ嵽˳ǽ֮ˣ޳ХһȻͿʼ˳ǽˣצӺݺץ˽ĳǽ֮УȻ󲻹ģѾ˳ǽϡ
ʱǽϱϮ˼ͷޣֻһ𣬾ͽ⼸ͷŵֱӴӳǽϵȥϰ׵ĳǽ˲ˤ
Ʒʱȥŷ֣жѾһˣڳеһˣƽʱһֱŵĵڶڸˮ棬ڶӴĳǽҲѾĽͷ籩ϯɨֱӳЩޡ
Щȴη޾һϵĳһߡ
Ȼԭ֮ϣҲڳŵڶߵķɱȥǵ󣬻׷ɱǡ
϶зȷװȻֻѰˣΪеģҪ˵жǿսȴδˡ
Ǻ쾳磬ȴ򲻹Ѱ۷ѧѧ
ʱǲϵıӣڳ֮䲻ϵԾ
һװϰڳеǽ֮Ϸ߱ڣϵӴܣǾһ˲䣬¸ոһǽڴʱͻȻһѪھʹ˳Ȼһھͽϰ˽ȥɲǼ䣬Ѿɱˡ
ϽߣȥϵĸĸȻǵڶߵķȥȥˣܵסپ͵סٰɣ
ƷһһĻĻ˼Ҿ磬֮ǸƲסľŭЩޣЩ̵ˣĸ
ԼҪСģ
Ө˵ͷ֮ųǽ˵ڶߵķһ߿ʼϵԼļˡ
֪ҲﲻϳƷ̫æϾ˫ʵеˡ
ƷĿӨ֮һԾͳԶֱӻ˹ȥڰʹǧ׹ļɣ˲ء
Ҳ˺صʱϢ
ܣ
ʱԶһһүүһӣɣųƷǸһͷ޴ޣ׷ţſѪڣ·Ҫһ
˳Ʒæѡ
ʱһѪڣѾҧ
ˢ
ƷȻһ̤Ǽ˲ѾһѪڵǰоӰսȻһնȥ
ͣ
һͷ˲ͱƷնɱſʵҲ۷Ϊѡ


418 ټ
лл
æųƷ˵
ûʲô߰ɣߵѪζ˸ޣȻǵһ߶û취ˣ
Ʒص˵
ԣæӳŵڶ߶ȥ
Ȼȥ֮󲻾ãһȺѪζ͸˹һͷͷ׸ߵӴޣÿһͷ϶մȾѪǵ֮䣬Ƭźƴӵ֮Ķɲˡ
ƷսĿǰһĻʱɱˣ
ˢ
ƷξѾЩ֮УеսնͺشһƷնеЩ޲ǱƷնһ޴˿ڣеĸɴ౻ն룬߱նɳȥ
ƷֱǺɨһӵĹͽһȺβնɱʱ˵ԡѪսһϣѾѪȾ
Ʒɱ¾Ѫɫһ
Ʒʱȴû˿ԥʱɱͷޣôܹһЩˡ
ԶǸڱϮԭڼصһݣһݵ㣬ȻҲʱƣһһĹˣûа취֧ȥ
Ҳøͬһĳǵڶϯ
糱ˮһĹƣǳƷҲĵסҲֻսˡ
Сʱʱ䣬Ѿնɱٶͷޣ־չΪ켶ֵʵ
ؽ֮У޸࣬ʵҲǿǺȻЩ޳֮д󲿷ֵޣֻޣкܶҲгΪڻҡ
ЩޣֻҪʮİΧƷûµģȻޣҲֻĶˣ浽֣п޵ɱ߽߳ҪɱЩޣҲǸܵ顣
ϾЩ޵ʵ̫ˡ
ƷսˣޣҲǸָ޵ѪޣƷûǸʱȥעˡ
Ʒڳ֮һһĴ¥֮䴩ʱȴֻһӰڻżԼĪ߰ģĺͯһɫ׵ģȴ˼˭ء
ȻһʱûˣƷǵһʱ˳
ʱ˼ǰǺüͷ׶ޣЩһӴ󣬼ֱһСɽһ
һͷ޵ͷϣվһݿʵЩꡣ
ָЩΧ˼꣬һʱ䲻˼Ҳڿ˺쾳磬ЩһͷǺ쾳ޣЩ쾳޵Ĺ֮£˼Ҳ֧ŵĺۣΪ˱֤ĺӲܵһ˳˼ѹ
û뵽ѧ֮УȻˣΪȵЩСôǸ껺˵
ȲҲҪȣҪǴߣҵʬ̤ȥ˼ҧ˵
һ˫֮Ѿ͸¶ƣ룬֪ܵĻЩͯǰ˴ߣʲô³
ߣڤ粻飬ЩӸңӴԺǾҵĵһĸ£δǰ;
һ˵
ǱǸϴ˰ɣ̵ץȥﻹʲôˣ˼˵
֮УϴԲϴʲôϵأܹȥҪģôǸ꿪˵
ǱԺܺõģǾǣһִ
˼ҧ
ɴ߲СڣǶ׵ģ˵ôãҪסôΪԮôǿЦһ۾Ϳ˼Ĵ㣬ֻÿЦΪ˼ͲгɹĿԡ
ôûԮּˣ
һĸ¥֮ϣƷֶԱߣݵޡ
겻Ǳˣʮ֮Ǹ̵
ƷȷˣԼжϾԲдȻѲ˹ϵ
ƽ֮ȴƵŭһɴ߲СڣҪˣ˼Ҿ硣
ֻ̾Բԭ£һҪ
㣿ǸĿɨһ߸¥֮ϵĳƷɵ¶˼Ȼ飬ڳƷȻӡ󣬵ǳƷʵһǵĶƣɵˣȥˡ
ϺѪȴʧȥӰˣ


419 ̶ֳֻô
ֻû뵽ԭֻһСļһȻǰ
ûңҲû뵽ɣƷЦţ˵
ûҲû뵽ҲҳҵǰǻˣǸ¶˼Ц飬¶ɱ¾
˭ˣ˵أһܵˣһΣΪ㻹ܹܵõô
Ʒ˵
Ǹ쿡ΨһеɵҲǳƷߵһͷˣڳƷǸϵģǰƷɴ۷嶼ǣʱѾǺ쾳ˣƷôܸʲôв
Ѫʧ٣ȻҲǱɱһвƲ⣬ʱĳƷûʵ
ǸЦĺ񶼿촭ˣӦҲѧ˰ɣѧѧô޴ôɱңǾѣɱҵĻһᵱ棬һһЩӵͷŤܹģΪĶ£ǶҪˣ
꣬۾ĺܴ󣬿ſ¼ˡ
˼Щһź¼ˣڴ֮ǰǶںƽ֮Уǵĳ󣬴ûгһգȻӵĽ
һжˣɱ¾

Ʒһ
ƷСһ㣬һǿ˼겻ɵ˵
ޣʶ̫ˣ鿴͸˼ˣʱǸ꿴ųƷֻǹЦ·뵽ʲôһ
նƷ˵
أʱ򡣳Ʒվŵ¥㿪ʼѷ죬һӰһӴ˳ȻųƷΧ˹ȥ
һɲǼ䣬һѪɫӰųƷɱ˹
ӳƷ·˽
Сģ
˼æǸ¶˼ЦݣȻղźͳƷ˵ôĻΪڣʱ䡣
һ˹ѪɫӰƷһЦҲȻָץӥצȻһץ˳ȥɲǼ䣬ѽץסһѪɫӰ
ء
һ޴ĺһѪɫӰһӾͱƷץеĹƣȻһץס˲
ʱ˲ſȻһϳһѪɫӰһεĹ
޸ˣ
һͷѪֻʱһͷѪ𱻳Ʒһץס˲һӷ·ʧȥȫһӶˡ
˫צϵڳƷֱץǸûκôץƷϵףץˣҲֻץһɫĺۼˡ
ϵ𽥵ģķʼƷһץסҪ
ʱ˲ڷӦ˹˼Ʒû¶΢΢һһѪɫӰٶ̫ˣͻƵ˺쾳ֻҲѶǳƷȴһץסˡ
ĵôȥ˰ˣ㻹һûУֻӵֶôƷ䵭˵Ȼ䣬һͷѪĲͱƷһˡ
ȻƷĽһͷѪʬӷ˳ȥˤ˵ϣֱˤһѪ⡣
̶ֳֻô
ʱһϵЦˣƷǳĴ·˵һͷ޸ˣ˵
ãܺãĻһЩһжûˣҵǰûκδĿԣǸЦһ
ϣԼС˳ƷҲֻСһЩƷѣƷûпᲢۡ
ڳƷչֳɱ쾳ѪʵҲʲô
ܺã㳹׼ŭңһ㳹ףŭңʲô³ǸЦ˵Ҫϵһһĸǰȥǰ⽨ʱǧеĿ̣Ҫңҿ϶ҪĶˣ
ãҲѾ׼ŭңʱҪ˲źãǾ̫û˼ˣ
ƷЦһȻ˺һڵһһķӶȥһͷ
ҲֱӳǸķӶȥ
䣡
Ʒʹǧ׹ļɣݺ䵽˵ϣ涼΢΢
һҲ
ͽңȥǣƷ޵
ʱ˼ڼ޵Ľ֮£Ѿ᧿Σˡ


420 ĳ治
Ҳû˿ͣæ˼ķӶȥ˲뼸ͷ쾳սһ֮˼ʱ͸оϵѹɵĶˡ
ȻҲѾ˺쾳磬ߵǼɺٶͲʺϵӲӲΪ˱ЩӣҲûбѡֻܺЩӲ
һʱ½ʵ˫ѾմѪĻڱЩˡ
ֵڣѾǼˣڵȵ˳Ʒĵ
꣬꣬꣡
˼겻ϴŴڿһæ̷ҩ
˼겻ͬ޵սͿ񱩵ĶˣϾǺֱײͽЩ޸ײȻ࣬ȻҪ¶ˣ˫ƷͲһϵġ
ͬһĳƷɳ֮Ĳһ
һüͷޣһʱ䣬Ȼ˿·硣
һߣƷҲһһǸꡣ
û뵽иģǸ꿴ųƷ¶˼Ц顣
̣ǲ𣬾ͶԲΪȥˣ
Ʒ䵭˵
Ϊ˳ɾʹҵǱҪ
ǸЦ˵ܹΪʥ̶ǵң
Ҳ࣬ΪʲôҪ飬ʲôʹô˵ǵԻ·вһôƷЦţѾߵǰ
¸£ݱ˵˼ظ˵ɣ
ǸɤͻȻɳˣζȻһʧˣ˲ʧ˳Ʒǰˣһ˵ǻǰʧˡ
ǳƷĶ̬ʵ̫̬ˣһ۾Ϳ겻ʧˣ˲嵽ǰˡ
ˢ
Ǹ˲ͳ˳ƷǰȻƲ֪ʲôʱѾצһһһצ˲Ĵ߶֮£˳ȻųƷӲ˹ȥ
ϵЦɲǼ䣬͸˳
ƷֻǵһЦͲ˿ʧĸо
أ
һצ˲ͱƷǧһ֮ʣƷ̧־͸
Ǹ¶˼־㵵飬û뵽ԼһȻƷôɾ͸赲סˡ
ΪղԼһٶȣû˿֣ǽȴƷһ˿һûк
ܣ
Ҫ֪һ˲ĳһͷޣֻһѰߣ˲ͻᱻײɳȥ
㲻ץҲᱻײˡ
ǳƷһǰ׶ûС
ôӦǰԼҲ˰ɣƷĿֻ꣬ϲһ˿һĸ飬ͺڿһһ
Լֲ˲ӣΪ˻ȡô
Ǹ쿡¶˺˵ɱ⣬Ʒͥһ˵̬ȣ̼ġ
㶮ʲôȡ;ͲֻôһѣǸ쿡Ц˵ǳƤңһ㣬δҲˣȻңҲûδˣ
ǳƤңҾȻ˲Ķѵˣ
Ʒ˵㲻ֻǳƤңȫΪˣֹ
˵ǹ
Ǹ쿡һĶһУҲһоûеġ
ɢצ
쿡һֱ۶ѾͻȻĽĹĵõȫˣѾ׻ΪצȻһӳųƷץ˹
ǿֲɢһ˲䣬ȻһµĹųƷݺץ˹ȥɨһС
һʵˣһСģ˲ͻᱻץɼƬ
ץצ˴ĳƷͷ죬ǳƷȴ˿޾壬Ҳ룬ָȭȭ֮䣬ȻȻһȭ˳ȥ
أ
ƷȭͷצӺݺײһ𣬱˺һһ
⣡
Ǹ걻Ʒˣ˺üסΡ
ôܣôôһҲܹ죡
Ǹһ˵
֮ܣĳ治ǿ·ֻǰԼɲ˲һƷһ˲ʧԭأɲǼ䣬ѾǸǰ


421 һ
䣡
Ʒȭһ㳯ȥ
ȭͷ䴩˿һȭǧ
ķӦҲ˿ȻƷ
ʱѾɵģ߱һأֱۺȲֱӱֱһȦԣȫ˸졣
ľȳƷҪߣصľ磬һͬˣƷжס˵ǺͳƷɫˡ
ȻָܹضĶ֮ġ
ֻѪȣԸһ¥Һ֢ûôأƽҲֲ˲ӡ
Ȼ˵ǽܸ죬ӦҲзֳŵȵģӦڼȽϸߵˡ
ԽˣƷԽҪնɱԷҲᾭԵĶ֣һ̵˲ţҲʹɱ֡
̶ף൱ڹʱĿֲӣʱĿֲӻҪӷͿɲ
ȻǸҲ뵽һ㣬һ˫һĶס˳Ʒɱ⣬ֻһ쾳ѧѧ˴ʧɫƫƫǵðǰƷһֵһС
ǸʱģҲֻжƼˣʵϣ˵ȷʵ붫Ƶ·ȻڶƵһҲĲ̫ࡣ
ʲôˣǧ֮еٮٮߣһĴڡ
ֻڶƲˣ
ǸʱƷҲֻһ鷳ѣȻڰ֮󣬾Ȼܹȼˣͬ˸죬ǻʵġ
˲ɱպȻд鷳
Щ֮еĴȻ֮еĴȥԸĶ֣ǳƷͲˡ
뵽ɱӷڣ
Ȼпʵȴǣжɱ⣬ȻƷѹŴ
һʵںؾ֮жǿģԳƷһصĺ˵ʱȴ׵ѹŴ
Ȼһʱ֮䣬·磬ΨԼ֪Ѿ߾ȫǿֶζѾˣ˵Ѿ߾ȫֵƶˣ»ò³Ʒˡ
Ƶʹã෴ĳƷȴûӵš
㾭ǿ壬ѵֻΪһɳôƷЦ˵
һȭһȭĺ˵ϣÿһȭǧͬ޵ϣЩ޶ܲˣȴܹ赲
Ĳ˵һġ
ǳƷףһԲͬҪ˳ƷҪ̥ĴڣѰ˶ҪԿġ
ɳˣȻǾӢٮٮߣһֻһ򼸸û⡣
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˶Ա˴˲ǿɱ⣬ʱڱ˿ˡ
ƷĻҲ̼ˣһȫˣһ˲䱬˳ֲˣȫ۵һȻ˲䳯ųƷץ˹
һ۵棬һ֣һҪóƷȥ
һ㣡
ƷһҲԥ֮бžâӰս˲ʣȫƶ۵һɲǼ䣬صƶתȻݺնȥ֮
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أ
һ޴ȻȴһӰһɿ֮е˳
ȴǱˣǸ꣬ݺݹ䵽˵ϣʱؿһ޴ޱȵѪۣǱƷĵնĿֲƣЩͽ룬赲һ£Ľܱ˵ˡ
ʱڿ֮УƷֱӷ˹
Ʒһ˽ʣ׷ܣɹѧĵȻס
𣡡
ʱǸ꣬һ޴޺һǼͷ޵סĺ޾Ȼֱӳ˹ĵס˳ƷһӾס˳Ʒ
ҹ
ƷŭֱһһЩһ޴Сɽһ޿ڵأЩȻºǿ󣬵ԴʱĳƷȴʲôˣһжס
ƷЩ޶ڵȥǸʱ򣬲ŷ֣ѾʧˣȻһ·ϻѪۿԶһ޳Ϯ
Ʒ֪ԼѾʧȥնɱõĻˣ


422 
ʱƷ׷ȥ϶Ǻһ޳ײϣҪնɱǸֻ꣬ûǸˡ
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ƷЦһȻʧȥᣬƷҲû̫ϣʱѣǸҪ޲ܹǿ˾ͱնĶӣδΣ
ԼžԵģȻʵϧȻѳɴôҲûˡ
⵽Ŀ꣬ԫϱڵģƷĿ֮˸ź˵â
̣һ죬Ҫ
㻹ðɣ
Ʒæܵ˼ʵ
û£Ƥ˶ѣ
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˼꿴Ʒ˵Ȼ˳ƷʤˣǸ겻öԸ³Ʒʲô֢
ûʲôͷβѹ򣬸ղſϧˣһһ̵صĶ󣬽ղɱδ϶Ҫкܶ˱ֻϧڱңȻˣƷ̾һ˵
ҲҪ̫ˣϾѾ˲ô˼˵̵飬ûа취οأҲ̫Լˣ
Ҫ̣Ҫӳ飬һʱûа취ģڿ߰ɣһ޳ϾˣǸϽɣ
Ʒ˵ͷ˵Ȼ̣Ҳ֪¼á
ÿһγ֣Ϳ̿ĴС
һͷշģ˼겻ɵȻĿųƷʵ
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Ʒ˼æ⼸е㱻ɵ˵ĺӷޡ
أһԴһЩԼĪʮҵСŮųƷ˼꣬ʵ磬㣬ѧѧô
С̻Ѭˣֻһ˫ˡ

Ʒ˼໥һۣȻ˵ͷ
ǲֻҪΪѧѧܹԼְ裡ǸСŮʵ
ܳΪѧѧȻְܱˣ
ƷСŮ˵ְأ
˵ȥ˺ԶԶĵطʵǲˣСŮգŴ۾˵ʵ֪ҿ˵ģ
ȻС͵СѾ˺ܶ飬ͬһЩǰ֪
ƷЩ۵ĿСŮôССŮʲô
ѾˣСŮĸĸֻѾˣȻִĸǹ¶Ҳܹõܺõչˣûʲôܹĸİ
磬㣬ԺҲŬѧģСŮ˵꣬ʲô˵ˣĬۡ
ʱƷҲûжʱп˼Ҳ޵ıϣʱҲûλˣֻܲС
Ҫ·һЩҵޣԵҲ޷ˣƷٶҲ޵ٶȣʩչɾű֮Ҳܹٶȡ
ܿ죬ڶ߾ѾԿˣֽγɷ籩һĳЩϯȥһѾɱ߰˰ˣҲ˺ܶ࣬ǹȥ
أƷھһֽǵʱ򣬿һѪУһսףȻովһѪս
˼꣬ȰѺǴڶǱߣȿоûУӦѧѧ
Ʒ
ԼСһ㣡
˼㵱˵

Ʒ޽˼عȥԼǳǸѪ֮еѧѧķȥ
꿴ʮңݵֻͨϴżǿϢɢؿڱǹᴩϵսҲжƣȻ֮ǰǾһս
Ʒһϸ˵Ҳֻһˡ
æóȸֹѪ˵ĵҩ򵥵ĵס֮ŷӦԼѧ꣬ŵڶߵķȥ
ڶѾǺԶˣƷܿ˵ڶ֮£ʱڶѾһƬӪأطѹˣۼޱߵĳǽ棬ÿһʱ䣬ͻŽȥһˡ
һǸƷȻתˣ˿Ʒʵң


423 س
ûҲãûжȻĻҲûа취ˣƷЦЦ˵
һʥĸҲܾˣԻܾȼǼܱʲôҪõĶˡ
Ƿһ
ǸĬһ£Ȼ˵
Ȼͱȳ̧ˣʱѾæµĺƳΪһ޴󹤵һԶвϱϮĵڶѾǵ޳ˡ
ںܿ죬ǵڶߵĳǽϾͿţ˺ܿͻص˳ǽһߡ
һ޳˵ӰУϣѾˣǵأͷϸǣǺεȿµĳ
һ޹ȣƷ֮ǰЩ޳ʲôˡ
˵С׼ףһϵĴڡ
Ϸɵģܵģն
ߣĽҲֱӺɨ˳ȥȻֻǺСһӵȴǾرƼ׵޺׶赲ס
ڹʱһӵԴһ̹ˡ
ڰУЩ֮Уÿһιܹ޸ը
ԶǷټܻɱУЩսһš
˵Ѿǿʵһˣ޺ηĳҲʼ᧿Σ
Ȼһǽǳߣޱǵʬѻ˳ǽ֮£ѻɽܿѾѻ˳ǽ֮ˣȻǽҲһٵߣǵµʬ廹Ƕѻһĸ߶ȣȻЩ޷׷̤Щͬʬ壬Ȼһ·˳ǽسǹ˵ΪĹ̿ʼˡ
֮иǴ󲿷ֵĸֶڻյޣʣµפҲҪնɱЩޣǼʵԶԶġ
ԳƷǾֱӱӵ䵽ǰߣ˳Ʒ֮⣬ƷĿѧѧ˳Ƿ֮У꼶ĶС
ѧѧԶԶ˵ԴʱҲҪеԶ˵Ĵۡ
ս½Щƽ֮о׳ӶҪЭسǣȻǶƽ񣬵ҲǾ˶ġ
ʵЩҪ٣ֻΪƽʹǵսȱûоѵѧʱļѵҲѾԺ¾ͱǰʵǷǳΣյģҲСˡ
ǴʱѾ˲ôˣ϶ףһЩ޹һߣôȻͿ֮̿ǰһûܹü˵ڶ߶볬ϰˣڶ߱ƣô룬Ҫٷ
ƷҲԼĿǰΪֹΪѵһս޾ϯϵ£ȫǡ
Ա˼˵ʮֵĬ֮ǰѾϹܶˡ
ټϻ޵İæǿ֧סˡ
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ƷӰսһͽһͷ޿ڵأϴŴֱֻ۶ЩˣʱˣΪʲôŴһЩսмأгɵԳǧĴͻϮҲֻĶӣΧסĽֻսһ
쾳磬ͨţԽ֮ʵͬʱսҲõһ޴пڴ֮ɱһ߽߳
ڸǿʵľһǱɡ
Сʱɱһһ붼ûֹͣǵص޲ϵϯǣഭһʱ䶼ûС
ٿӰսǲ̫Ҿ޼᲻ݵľӰսȻֱӾˡ
һսֵܹסǾӰսȴѾֲȥˡ
ǿȵսƽʱĺö౶󲿷⼸Сʱɱ֮УѾȥ˺üˣֻгƷһһĶԭأʲôޣûа취ͨ
Ȼ޳֮Ҳû̫ǿޣгҲܿͻᱻеĸרŵɱӰ쵽ߡ
ΪЩֲʵ̫ǿˣ˵ޣֻһͷͿԳ忪ߣʮƷҲסһͷ޵ĳ
רŻеĸԸЩǿޡ
ʱƷ˶Ѿ˺üˣܶ˶ˣ˵ˣֻгƷԼʡ
ȻӰսѾˣƷɴཫӰսһߣȻʼֿȭ޶Կ
˶Ŀɿڴȫû뵽ƷսȻô񱩡
ǺܿǾ͸ӵһأ˫ƴЩޱƷһȭɳȥƷԼû¡
ҲóƷ߳˸Բǧ׵ķڵһ澰


424 ս󣬽
óȭŹ˲ûУһ˵˵ûа취ֱӿ޵ģǳƷȴչֳȫһս񣬱ֳ˺ѷɫڣ޸ǿʡ
ҲͽֻǵһľѣϾѧںܶ˿һѧʥأʲôǿķҲ
սϵظһֱϦ£ҹɫ¶üĿʱսڽˣսˣԮˡ
ԮĵҲڽһ᧿Σķߡ
ǲôƷԶӶһһҾȻޱȵսȫֲϯɲǼ䣬гɰǧķޱȫһѪ⡣
Ȼս֮зɳ˳ȺӵĻѸײڶ֮Ƴ޵УǺɨһЩͳͳնɱ
Զһ޴ĺ޴ĸ޷ɳ۶װײڸϵչԼܹ޿Ŀֲ
ǻ˲һСʱʱ䣬ǵ޴Ѿɨһգȫնɱ
ڳƷ˵ҲһϢʱ䡣
ƷҲǳִһڵϻָԴ˻ʼս֮⻹ǵһȫľܶ޵£ϵҲѾ˺ѳ˶޴ѷ죬ǳƷһֱתŻɼս壬ˣһ˵ĻֻѾˡ
սϣʤıͲֻô򵥵ѡ
ԱߣҲػһػԱߣΧ˶ԴҲѾǼֲˡ
ʵѱ޵Ҳв٣ֻǳƷһͷһ񿥲ԵĲ
޵һ࣬˼ǿ޵ϣҪ˯ˡ
һսҲһ˿Ҳեˡ
˶Ľٺʵǿ޹ǵȻǲٵģǳɹ̫ˡ
ǾôһΣܹѾˡ
˶õ绰ϵҪҵԼǣȷǻȫǶⱨƽ
ϣкܶڰæҰӪõȻһҪ޼ҿɹˣֻס档
֮УһܽһܵķɻͶʣԶҰսӵľɵֺؽĹ̡
أҹɫ֮УһӰÿһ̤˵Ŀһ²ߵˣҲ᲻ıһĽŲ˹
ҲһӴӼµ״̬֮˹һ˫סǰˡ
ǰһԼĪŶʮ꣬һϢǿޱȣϴżĸо
ޣ˵֮־ɫ
ܿ죬޵춯ҲܿѾϢеĳƷ
֮ǰҰľҲѾóƷϰ˯Ҳᱣһ˿ѡ
ƷȻһӴӵʱѾָ˴ˣˣʱͷһ˲Ǳˣǽ
ʱѧѧҲ˽׷Χ˹ǶЩֵĿ˿ֿ˿İĳƷ֪ôͳƷйϸ
ƺоеĵ⣬ҲһվȻĿ˽ϵķһĵͺ
᳤
ѧѧڼΪǿʵѧ֮УҲʮġ
˶ףһΣ޹ǣһֲǱֵķǳãÿһ˶¹ͣһѧУΪ빦˿ѧѧľòûиѧˣ
Щˣÿ϶Ÿնˣ¼ǵĹͣնɱԽܹ࣬ɵĻҲԽ࣬ʱǿһЩҩĶһЩҩĶһǵʵҲһ޴Ľ
ɵ÷׷¶˼־ϲ飬ȻǶ֪ЩҩжôѶһǱЩҩ۸ܸߣҪһЩҩҪȨޣһѧûжһʸ
ֻиѧ׿ԽĹ֮󣬲ȨޣпܶһõĵҩٽΪȻΪѧĹס
ʵϣѧ֮еѧ϶ôģγһѭһѧûĻᡣ
ڽҲĻᣬ϶ɵ¶˼ָмɫ
̫ˣǵʵҲܹһˣ
᳤Ȼͬ紫ŵһ
ǻ᳤أ
ڴ֮󣬽ȴĿ⿴˳ƷʵǳƷ


425 ֱ⽭
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Ʒƽĵ˵ͷȴһ֪һض⡣
ԱߣҲоΣգëΣյֱǷǳеģҲΪܸоʱĿ¡
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ôĵӣ
俴ųƷ˵
֪ʦҪ˵ʲôƷҲÿĿŽ˵
ǣ˹ͣһһϱѧУ֮ǰôĵӣȻҾܾҵٻѧĸ£ǺôĵӣĪΪѧĵطΪΪ𣿡˵
ʱ˶ը˹Ϊ֮ǰ֪Ȼ飬Щѧѧ֮У˵أǶгƷѧȻԿѧ᳤Ϊĳ˵ǶԿѧᣬǿѧ֮ѧ֯
ƷôôأˣǸȡ˵ʦսĹھǸƷô
ŶԣҲˣǻ˰ɣȻȡ˵ʦսĹھΪܹͽʦᲢô
ǿ˰ȻҺͽʦֶŸˣ
ѧ۷׷ףв˳Ʒݣܶ˸ǲóƷֻˡ
ƷһʦսĹھͨѧǰȷʵ㹻ԺˣڽǰǶ
ٻңʦ֣ҿˣҲǵѧһٷִʸ񴫻ҵģҲֻй취أҿӦûȨɣ
ƷŽȻҪӪһ¹ģǳƷ֪ԲΪġ
ʲôȻҺͽʦô˵
ʱԱѧ̲סߵ˵
ѧУĹѹô㲻һССĴһΪôٻ鵽Ҳˣؿ㣬ƽϣѧµ飬鲻ܾˣѧѧŽᣬȻҺȻͬѧ֣ΪѧУûܹεô
ʱѧУѧУĶӵѧЦѧһѧܲãһ
Цһ˵
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ʱƷ׽ѧ֮أĸֵı󵽵״ʲô˼ˡ
ЩѧȻǽĵϵӵܣʱȴվάΪС
ʲôƨͳҲװһ˽ӣΪҲ֪ô㱾ģȻһ߸ϵѧ᳤ôĵôһССĴһأô׽ҵİɣƷ˵ǱߵıﻹмƵϣҪҪ˵ʲôʲô͹ôαʣ

񣡡
ʲôҺͽʦô˵
вٵѧߵŭƷǲᣬɫδ䡣
Ҳиѧ뵽һ㣬ȻѾԳƷĻ죬ĻƷ˵һ߸ϵѧ᳤ôע⵽Ʒôһء
㣿ôĿһ۳ƷЦ˵Ϊ㿼ѧ֮󣬾ܹƽƽô
һ㶼ζڳƷ飬ƷĶ֣˴ƷҲ˳Ϊ֮ˣ˭֪ƷͲٻֱӽȥ˴ˡ
ǰĸԭ򣬳Ʒ˾ڵҲѾкܾúܾöûôˡ
οֻһССĴһѣʲôʦսĹھƨ㲻ϡ
Ʒûб仯˫߬ˣı仯
ӵǸƽӹѧõѾ̥ǣ¾ǵЩЩνҲһһԽЩνŶϵѧ
ɽӹ˾ҲͬչŷԭĴԭһ㶼û
ǱԾŵѧ֮УѧҲֳŵȣߵһȣ߸ϣӸ£ڽϼҲǸոϵķѡ
Ҳˣ㾹ȻҴѧĸ£һЩѵʮѧѧŷ˵ţ϶Ȼ˿ֲϢ


426 ƣ
һһĳųƷÿһܹǣȫ˵˼һ
ʱΧԽԽ࣬ԽԽ˱ľٶ
ղ˵Ҫ㣿ǿЦõרôѧķʼĲˣһѧΪ޷죬ˣΪѧͿ޷죬ѹ֪ʲôиټͷȣЦ˵㾹ȻҴѧĸ£ҪٵľַھҪ˶֪ѧϲƣѧϲƣϻиټͷȵĴڣͨĶǿ߶ҪѭķɣοЩˣ
ҪΪǳҵӵܣͿԹƣ޷죡
ƣƷ䵭ѧɴûųҵӵܵκε顣
ʿɱ裬̫
ƷҧгݣһһֵĴ֮бĳһ֡
ʲôҲôҾҪԺ˭޷죬սټͷȣ
Цš
ʱΧܶѧѧɵû䣬Ϊˣɱ￴أƷһֻǾһȺ
εģҲδûнٵĽԳƷԭ򣬱ϾΪѧ᳤ʲô鶼Ҫΰ߸ϡ
Ե޹ʾȥһһ
˵ţڶˣһȻ˹ɲǼ䣬Ʒȫºëֻˣһɲ赲Ϻɨ
䴫ţΪѾ쾳磬һֻĲ飬ΪƷղž֮ܵѹȡ
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ԽҲûȫΪҪֻҪѭ浸صƷͺ޻֮
ƷֻһѹѹԼĹ֮У޷ʱ忪ʼɢһĪĹǻʼս˾޴ѹʱԶķ
ڻʼսԶֵʱ򣬻ʼҲʼתʼֵһ֮ѹ
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ƷһıӰս˲ʣϡһѾ׾еľӰսնһںڵĵâ

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һѰĺҪסܳΪ֮֮ʵ
Ϊʲô޵Уڵ޳֮жɱһ߽߳
䣡
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˼ֱҪվסŸˣԭ˯ȥ˼ҲһײˣȻ޵ı޵ס˴󲿷ֵĿ񳱣ǻ˲侪ѣȻͿ˳ƷȻͽײһ
Ȼǹѧצ֣һצֺܶ˶ãֻܹõʦӳ뻯Ľ׶εģֻҲ࣡
û˵һѧǼΪ͵ѧǰһǿ߿צּǺɨ£ѷ֣ʲôǰʲôֱӻرץϣȻʱ칤տ϶û취ڱȣǸʱǸǿҲǺ쾳磬ڽʦֿǿˣ
ѧز˵֮ǰ໹ҪܹЩ޿ĻزֺѧĪγ壬ֱҲûʲôϵˣ
ʱ˿һ֮󣬲ɵ۷׷
ƷǾеľӰսץ¶˳ЦݣֻЦſųƷ
СҲǰ׳󣿡ڶѹмһˡ
ȻƷ켶սǶѾ쾳Ľǰȷʵʲô



Ȼһץв̫Ҿ޼᲻ݣޱȵľӰսȻһһı顣
ȻЩѵƬȻƯ˽ǰȻһ˦ЩƬȻһ㣬ųƷ׷׺˹
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ƷһɲǼ䣬Ѿ֪˲ãЩƬȻƳ۾һ˲סԼе·޿ˣ˲ͺ䵽ϡ


427 书
أ
һ죬ЩƬֱӶ˳ƷϴŵףһѰѸֵһ˳Ʒ֮УƷһƺߣ˲䵹˳ȥݺˤ˵ϡ
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ƷԼһɣȻûһ˿һü֮Ǿǿζָоܲһֱвĸо
Ȼ̾ͻعˣҾָоʵ̫Цˣһһôвĵʵ˵δǰ;ǽ߿ھ÷ûз
Ʒһ֮еһֶôвĵ
ĿųƷȻ󿪿˵Һܲϲ
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ʱѧѧʱȻΪǲŵһ֪Ȼδޣһ˼һ
Ůһʹѵģиˣȴһӣ飬ֻԶٷô򵥡
ҲΪжôҪ˵ֻҪƼˣ˭ûйϵ˵һƼ˵һǵĶ֮ǰ㻹ǹԹԸҴţ
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ƷҲǲ֪һ֮ȻҪ˼ٰ충
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˭͵һ̧ͷȴԶһӰӶһӰθߴ֮ȴǱˣ²ĽԴ
ôĵӣȻҷѧ书
Դһȣ𵴿γ˿µˣһȦһȦĵ
˶һ˳ˡ
˽Դĳ֣ʱɫһ䣬ּ֮ɵɫ
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ƷҡҡͷƲᣬҲû˿ȥôأЩƬȻ֮Уȴûд͸壬ΪʼսķҲǸǵģֻ弸ֶѡ
أʵƤˣصľ౻ˡ


428 һ̨ɸң
Ʒûд󰭣Դſ˽˵ôĵӣȻҴҵѧ
ܹܵԴϿֲϢȴãΪҲ֣ҲԼϡ
ʦҷҪֻǴӾȻΪѧĸ£²ʱĻҲӰѧѧ磬Ϊѧѧû˹̣ܽ
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ʦ²ҷҪѧĸΪѣֻǷ˽᳤ǰҲɣȻҪ֣룬ӦɣƷ˼˵
ܵĵǺܿҵĵҲҪܽôҲûȨޣǸʲôѧ»Ҷ֣ôҵѧҲǻˣԴǰ˵˵ԼĵӣҲʹˡ
ʦɲܹܵ˵ģҲܹܵģԽԴ󣬽˿ãֻǲסЦѧУĵʦ룬ѧУ߲Ҳǵģ
סڣ浱Ҳ֪ôǰҲѧѧĻ᳤ѧǸʲôҲôԴҲͲ˵ˣôҵӵģҾԭͿˣҪ书Ҿͷ书Ҳƽ
ѧУ߲Ҫ鷳Ǿң
ԴȫһӲµӣޱȡ
Ƕѧѧ˵ȴУ෴ģʦ˵һҸ顣
Դң
أԶǴһ޴һȫڽԴϢԶƬ֮ѾǵС
һһɫθߴӣһŹϣȴ͸ż飬˲˽Դǰ
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첻ôѧҶҵѧ֣ҾôԴ˿޾˵
첻ѧУĽ񴦴첻ôѧѧʱ֪ԭӾѧĽ񴦴첻
ʣѧĺ쵼ײ֮һĵʦȻѧУĽ񴦴ѹܹΪѧ᳤ʵȷʵǿûһʦ֧Ҳǲܵġ
ԭ첻ˣƷĵʦǽнԴ缸ѧУйǵĴ˵ѧʱǾ֣첻һ·˽񴦴λãԴҲѾѧĶ⵼ʦ֮һ
ѧѧȻἰ˵ݣȻǶ˶Ѿãʵ˭ûм
ϾѧͬʦһЩΧԱڣһϰˣһЩǳǳ˵У֮ģ˶кܶ˲ʶ
ѧ⼸ΪܳĵӣҶ֣ҿ㲻ҪˣҲưոݣһᵽѧУἰ£͵Űɣ
첻˵
ôȥˣ㻹ֻ״һûУҲУһǷǣҿɻûжĵӶأȻĵȴҵĵˣ˵϶ˣԴҲǲʾȻûѧУﵣξְ񣬵ΪѧĵʦҲ۸
ããã첻Ц˵û꣬ʱѧУʦϣҵҪô˵
ߣ
첻Խ˵
һ£
أȴһͣתͷȥȴͣ˲ǱˣǳƷ
ȴƷѵĴӵȻһһĽԼϵľӰսƬ˳ÿһΰǳѪ罦
˿ľǳƷȴüͷһ£ʱƷѪźƾһսһ㣬ܵشȴǿҪΡΡĿ첻ͽ˵֮£Ҿ֮ܣһӱҲ̨һ󣬷ֳɸң
ƷĻʱһƬȻ˶ס˿ƷѧϸĹ涨дԣһʲô£ȻᱻϳͣΨһ⣬Ǿ̨ϣ̨൱ǩ״˸棬ºҲ
ͬģһ̨Ǿֻһܽһˣ˲Ż
һޣǾԲ̨ġ
Ϊһ̨Ǿ;ûκλ͵Ļˡ
һ£漴ЦſųƷȻΪʲôȫ㣡


429 ı
һ̨֮˽Ǽ֤ЦһȻת첻뿪
˵ٶȺܿ죬һԶȺ
ĲˣĵʦսҿˣСʵǱҲСһ֮սʲô⣬Ҫô죡
ҹĻ֮Уͣ첻𿪿˵
ЩǱΣһʱѵܿôЦŶûУͳѧѧں˵ΪвҲͬһ֮սɱԴưոݣһսнɱԴʲô˵ģ
ǸСӵ뷨Һʱ䶨һ֮󣬲ֹҺƼҵǸ˼ôҲҪһԹɱɣ
첻˼ĵ˵ͷȻ׼Ҳ˵ʲôˣǲֻһСѣûҪ̫ϣ㻹Ҫץʱ;ǽԴԼʵѧҲǺֱײӸټͷȣʵܹȼ磬ȻҲͲˣ
ԴʲôбһЩѣе̶ȣֻҪʱѣѵֽͨͨѹЦ˵
˵ûһǸ˼ɶ֮䵽ʦͽϣʦͽ˫˫ͻƣѧֻڣ˭ԣУҪ֣첻ƺ뵽Լͨѧ֮һ֮֮ϵĳƺʲôԣһֱ̽ʲôƺŮ֮еϵ
νлôòʵ֤ݾûãƼڵһͣѡĻô緢˵ͨƼǸ޵ˣˣʱƼҲүֿ˭أұһһٽƼ̲ʱ򼯽ὭҵʵұȨƵ֮һҸһͳҲлᣡ
鵹ˣǸ˼ô죬ǸСӽһ𣬴ȥҲỵ
첻˵
ν˵Ϣ͸¶ȥǲ֣ƼҲķΪĸ޵ǼһŮҲ
ҲɵҲǲͼı˼ĸҵĶڲصĺܽǵҲû취õҪһ󣡡첻üͷ΢
Ҫ֪ǼҲͲٳٿǸôˣҲĹżǡò鵽Ҳ֪Ҫɾɰɣһ󣬶Ҫ䵽ҵϣڲܶѣסЦ
ˣѾ׼ˣȫǼŵ뵽ǵֺؽһԻһһ棬ôӴؽ̣ԸǼŴ޴棡첻˵
Щʦ㰲žͿˣҾȲˣղڷսʱҿ̵ɽĹ¾˺ܶˣڶʲôطһãаǵͷ׳˵ͷ˵ѧУﲻкܶ˶˵ǿʦİܹѧѧ᳤ְλôǲһЩͣƽϢĵԣ
ɽĹȻֻк۷壬һĺϻ󷨣ܹ죬˵Ӧò⣬ɽĹҲʮڻ֣Ҳ㲻첻˵ɽĹСģΣֻҪҵǲף
һѾ׷ٷˣֻԼ֪ˣǱɣŵ˵
ȥɣߵ𣡡첻˵ͷ
˿첻𣬺ܿʧҹĻ֮С
ͷһ֦һߣ뿪֮˼ѾˣҲûΧ۵׷뿪ҵطϢս֮ˡ
ƷҲڽԴİ֮£ҽ֮ƣƱͲǺأһѾްˣϻʼͻʼսľ˻ָƷѾָѪɫ
ʱߵҲֻ˼ͽԴˡ
ôôɵѾ쾳磬һɱ㣬㻹һս˼ᣬ
֮⣬а취ôƷЦЦ˵ȻҲ̫Сң
ƷᶨսȻаյģΪƵǳƷֺγƽء


430 УϿ
ˣҪڶ̶һ֮ڣ쾳磬Ѷ֪֮⣬ԼҲˣûʲôԡ
ѧ㾡ȫпܣ
ȻƷǺѵõĻˣǶ˵һвûпԣ
Ժ֮еӴļ䣬һ޴ıأһʱ䣬ӷϹޣٳտ쾳硣
ôٸһʱ䣬쾳磬Ҳǲܣ
ң˵Ҳûѡ
ǲ֪Ĵ㣬ûнһɵϣᣬɱֺγǵء
¹ǻܽǲģΨнɱһвпսᡣ
ܴδǳƷԼȴԼһɣ˭ʤ˭δ֪
Ҫˣһ꣬ҴŲˣԼذɣ˼꺬Ŀһ۳Ʒ֮תȥ
תһ˲䣬¡
СӲؼʱȡᣬʱӦͽҵ鷳Ѿ鷳ˣټһƼҪĸĻҲѱ㣡Դ󿪿˵
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ʲô򣡡Դ
Сԭ
Ʒȴּᶨ˵
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һ֮ڿ쾳磬һΪҵĵӣʲôģԴ˲аȴûаǣЩ飬ȥŬô֪
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ϰ֮ڣʮٱлλ쾳ĽʧأȻҲնɱޣǶ˵Ǿţһë̸ʲôʧ
಻ֻͬҪɳþѵοϴ󲿷ֶռ죬ռģһѡ
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ڳƷ˵ȴһµĿʼ·ѧУ֮ϢһʱƷѾָ˸߰˰ˡ
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һʱ䣬Ĵѧ֮Էһٶȴ˿
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ǽȫһ峤ֻĲ£ˣˣ꽭ѧУҲǷޡ
Ʒһʦսû˼סһΣȴĺ䶯ѧУ
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ϵѧԺ֮Уѧϵϴεӡ
ϵѧһϵΪ˵ҪκδѧϵǱȽϴϵһϵ
Խ˵ѧһϵѧǧˣЩѧԴԴϵĴ˲ţҲ֧ŵȫĴ֡
潲Ʒµأ˵Ҳˣû㹻ĵҩ֧֣ȫֻһЦ
ƷһϿΣ˵ѾѧˣȴǵһϿΡ
γȫû£Ŀǿ˾ͼˣܶණеʵļ䣬ѧһЩͳŴһ֪ʶŻرһ¡
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Ȼ꼶ĴΣֻһְ༶ĴΣǾۼҲ֮ࡣ
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һĿЩѧ֮Ѳ󣬺ܿͿһˣһεӰƽĿȸһΧС


431 Сڰ
ǰȻͬѧС꣬ĳİһЩ֮⣬Ĳûʲô̫
֮ǰ׺껹ҪƷչչ˰ʵȴǣ¹ȥˣƷһ鷳ǰȴǻˮ
²ѧҲϿε¼Ӱ֮пΣʦĳΪسƸ¼ȡġ
ѧ֮УҲǼΪģѧǺεȽһѧУٮٮߣ˵ŷѧƴҲѧ
һ˵ţѧ֮мֱǳضÿһܹѧѧϷѰ˵һˡ
֪ЩжôĽȻسƸ¼ȡģҲ˵жд̡
ȻԿѧսһֱûͣϵսȻȵľˣȴЩһľţһ˰¡
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˶Ѿ˰ҲΪʲôȻܹˣȻϵֱ˼ʦǱͱȰϳʦټϣǵͻȰҪϼ꣬еĲ࣬Ѿˡ
˵ڵİ˵ϵǼ֮һʵϣϵѧУܹϳʦҲǶʮ˶ѣѧϵѧ˳ʦҲһٶ˶ѡ
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Щǰ̵ͷҲټ硣
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ʱڰΧͬΧһȺɳڵŮʣϵ֮еķ˵ϼֻǵĻһܹǿҹ
ӣﻹڳƷǰųԱŮģ
Ư̫ˣŮ񰡣ҵŮ񰡣
ϧˣҲ̫߰ˣݶܾڰ˸׵ˣЩɲֻϵϵĸ߲ѧҵ죬׷߾Կһ׷ˣ
ܾĺãЩϵļֱдȻˣֱǲҪ
Χ۷׷ף۵ĶǱˣǰ
ôˣҾϵģбµһܰ˵Ůʲôʱϵеˣ
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ȻֻҪŮڵĵط϶ò˶þͳˣ͸һ鹷Ƥҩһ
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һʱ˵Ŀ⡣
ԭƷ΢΢һЦ˳ƷôµģȫУ֪֮⣬һѧϻûлȨһȺˣԴһ֮еķҲûܹȫУġ
ܹڱ꼶ϵ֮µ˻ǱȽټģÿһϵ֮еķ
ϵ֮У·ͷ񣬲ǿʽĳʦִգұΪҲȻҲѾ˺쾳硣
νޣ䶼Ϊɫٮٮ֮еٮٮߡ
Ҳ֪ǶŮеһκ䶯ȫϵĶ԰ĸ׾֯ģͷѾƷȥѧˣŵĵز
żֲõЦݣ˰˭֪֮ǿʲôһǰһֱվһȥ


432 ͷĳƷ
˵Ŀ⽹㣬ƶ˵Ŀⶼҵһ䣬һڿ⣬֪ʲô
ι
ǰȻܴͻȻһ¶˼ڴ飬ƺҪƷŵӡ
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ããã㲻ɣ죡ΪƵһƨ˳ƷǰǸλϣȻ֪ŲƷǿƷһ㷴ӦûУǾޱȵơ
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ʲôΪʲôϿΣƷƳһ۰˵
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㻹Ӧҵ˵Ҫչңôչ˵ôѧ£˶ˣ
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ȻǾͶǶԳƷŭĿԣһﵽ˭ȻܹǵŮ˲ͬȻҲǺ̬ȣǰѧУ֮󣬾ǳĸ䣬ƽѰ˵һ仰ѡ
˵ȥһ˵ˣͷһΰ
ԽԻԽòԣôоԻе˼ʲôչˣҪôչˣ
ôҪչôˣһ鷳ҳʲôϵûкôƷ
˵Ҳǣ鷳ô࣡Ȼĵ˵ͷ
ƷٸһǺǣֱû취ȥˡ
˼ֱ죬Ҳ˵
Ʒ˵
Ʒٱһɣһһʤģ˵С֮ͬеٮٮߣǽѧҲѧϵ֮еٮٮߣܹȼĶ࣬ĸһֶֻĹ
ͻôСȵЩһ͵ʱûȲڷͷʢЩѧǡ
С󣬴ûһǳƷܹʤԴӵһΰܱڳƷ֮ͼӱŬѧϰһֱһܹܳƷ
ѧ֮ѧ֮ӴĹ֪ʶĿҰ̶̼µʱ䣬ܹоԼǰһϡ
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ûȹô֪òҰɣ
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ʱԱЩԶԶΧ۵ͬѧѾ˵ĻŪķˣϵһ㰡֮ϵ츳ѧԺĽڶ޲ڣΪпܳΪʦĴڡ
ʲôĴڣûжڰ׺Ҳֻһʦѡ
ȻʽʦʦҲֻǲѣȴǵһ㡣
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෴ģʦҪεϰ֪ʶĻۣЩۻп
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춼вѧڴһѾǳʦˣһֱҵûܹΪмʦ
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԰ϵĵλǱսģսģͷһΣ֮ǰδţδġ
һҴ򿪵ķʽԣȫ԰
սǸȻһӣȻ˵˰ġ
ƫƫӣȻҲһӣֻǲĻҪս
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Щ˺ܿ춼Ӧ˹ˣǱϾ֮ͬеľӢţȻһĻֱ߸ۣǻûϲԻ̫ˣû˭˵Լ޵С
˿ųƷӣʼһﵽ˭ƾʲôð˹Ŀ࿴
ˣǸʦսھǸƷô
ŶԣˣûǳƷģô˵ѧ᳤Լһ֮սأ
ԣҲ˵ţ
˿ʼ۷׷վ˽Ʒ˳ʱǲŷ֣ò˵ȻҲǴͷ
ʦսĹھ˵ѾǲμߣǳߵĹھˡ


433 еӵľսңҾͱϻ
ֽ׶ε˵ھĺϾǽڸ߿״ԪˣȻܻģЩѰѧ˵ѾǼΪ˲õˡ
к֮ܶǰĴţƷȻҺѧѧ᳤ԣˣոսѧУ¶ѣҲ֪ơ
ֻܶóƷǲȴиǾãǳƷԴʹĻض̡
Σ˵ĳƷһ
ҪǳƷ֮ǰһ춼ûϹѧԲĬĬš
走ȻŮôǼ򵥵߾ӣϵĲӥҲ͵ϵ
ʲôε˲ܽʲôεѡ
ûպСӹҼҵϷ㿼ϴʦ֮սҰɣ
Ʒ˵ȴǼΪ˵Ȼֻеʵļ䣬˵ȫ̳˵ϵĳɾͣǴʦǰȷʵֻ˵ȡ衣
ôĿôأһмȴǲ֪ʲôʱȻѾߣպ˳ƷĻʱΪм˵
ʦ
ǹҴţģʦʲôϰ˿ڣҲһٸ˶ÿһµľѧԺԺҲֻһʦѡ
ֻʮУĴѧпһʦϵֵҩоͿжԳŴ֮еĵĽ͸ԭ
ÿһ˶ֱܹϴֱӺͳԻˣĹڵͳضԴ
˵ʦЩϵѧռ룬ڵǾһ˵ˣŬͿԴﵽġ
ڳƷȻ˵ֻаΪ˴ʦʸս
ⲻǿʲô
ϵѧҲ¶˼ֲ޵飬ΪΪϵѧǲףʦҵ֮ζʲôҵ֮ϵĴڡ
Ʒֱе롣
ǣ
˳ƷһۣȻ˵磬ҪһôҺ㲻Ǻ죬Ұͬѧ߰еģ
˵ȴǺģЦеӣȻѾϰˣҲûнвϡ
ƷЦеĿŰ磬ڸղĻҲǲ⣬ԼѰȷʵǿˣʱһ仰ĳ治
Щȴðٷְ׼ȷ
ҲֻЦҡҡͷȻĿĿ˳ƷƷ˵㣬ʦսĹھһĵʦսĺԣЩǰǽģҿǲμӹ߿״Ԫģ
Ȼ˵ȻڳƷ˵ŰٷְٵƣֻǸ߿״ԪʸҲȵʦսھĺߵĶࡣ
˶ʱһȷʵˣܹ߿״Ԫģڸ߿ǰѾ˺쾳ˣЩѧֱǵһ
ǳһϵͷˡ
ǸʲôϵƷֻ䵭˵
粢⣬ƺûвһ㣬˵
ǹģһ紫ҲԣˣҲҵƽʦˣЦ˵Ǿ֮ܣ֪ߵغ㻹Ϊѧǰĵطôʦϵôͷ
Ʒ˫ֱأЦЦĿ磬˵ڽҲڱȣƨαأ
˵ƨʱκһǿ˵һݵ衣
Щڸ߿ǰѾ˺쾳ˣȻԼĽǽҲֵĿŵıƨ
ȻأƷ˵ҵﲻｭΪʲôｭʲôϵҲӵİɣ
˲ŷӦƷҲʲô֮ҲǣҺͽˣôʲôʵ֮
ƷֱվɲǼ䣬˶˵ƶˣȫһˣ˵ԭĳƷ˸֪κεвĻôڵĳƷһڳһ
磬Ҳǳʲô˼ȰòҪĻɾͲҪûѹˣƷ˵ţĿɨˡղǵҲˣҾһ仰еӵľսҶľͱϻ


434 ְֻ
ƷͻȻͺƱһâ¶Ȼһӽ˶סˡ
漴Ӧ˶ʱ׷ŭ
Ϊܹ޵
ǿѹָսʦˣ
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˷׷׺ȳûһ˸ǰģЦƷǵʦսĹھҲζţȥЩսĿƲ㣬ϵƵѧûкͳƷֱӽֹҲǼӵ°ܽˡ
˵ֻܹѹסƷĲ࣬ȻƴĻǵԼʧܣϾƷɾδˡ
ޣ䶼мΪɫĳɾ͵ģϵҲôһѣǰҲһսʦѡ
ʱ˵Ŀⶼ磬Ŀⶼȣ֮ǰǶԼŮĺ棬ǹƤҩһڣƺҲֻһܹƵסһˡ
־񣡡³⼸֣˶óǳƷС˵־ء
һ۰ΪƷǰѣһӲɣ˭֪Ƕһҵӡ
ͲóƷɶļһԼαأܿɶ
ûһˣԶһﵽжôĿɶġ
һҵģʱ˰˼ˡ
Ǿ˵ڣҪңҲܣ
ղŲ˵еӵıսôãսҽô翴ųƷƺƶһսһֻҪһ˿һ֪֮
ɣǳȥϣƷƳһ˵
ǺôĵӣĴЦȻ˱һǰһˡ
䣡
϶ʱпֲϯ˿ֱɢ˳ΧĿȻγһ󣬺ǧһɢ
쾳磬ȻǺ쾳磬Ϊ֮ǰƷܵϹ˵ԸʤһѾ˺صΪ
ȻȻΪôǰûмأ
ûҲʲôʱϵڳ֣ûҪϵڸûĶ֣ĶӦЩһ߿״ԪЩ˰ɣһЩѧʵʵ˵ϵƷ棬һֱǱȽƵģ
ƷҪԱ˰ɣһûôأ
ֻǸ˳ȻԶԶĿţǺܵĿ˳Ʒǿ˳ƷһȻӣ͸ˡ
Ҳû˱ƷĿɶˣΪˣҲ˽⣬ƷԲһ޵ķʸ֮ˣ־УǾԲǳƷ
Ʒı㣬ı󶯣ȻƷô˵ˣ϶аյģȷʵǿǿֻǸһҲԼĵء
Ʒ˵ıʦ۶ˣôҪһѱôһ߸ϵģӸµ˵
ˣԸ㣬ñ
Ʒ˵Ŀֲƶ˵޷Ӱ쵽
ӲЦһɲǼ䣬ˣֱӳһ˲ֱӳųƷֱ˹ֱһһ㣬˰գգۼѾ嵽˳Ʒǰˡ
ǧһ֮ʣƷ϶ʱһɿֲƣͨɢһֵĹâˣȻһ㣬΢΢ʱ֮Ű糤ӿһ
죡
˶һӷӦ˹вƷɢĿֲƸˡ
ƷȻҲѾǺ쾳ˣ
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һ쾳ĸ֣ȫµģ
ȻѾȥ˼µʱˣǶϵ˵ʵҲûм쾳ĸ֣󲿷˻ת
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أ
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435 ˼
һ죬Ʒһ㣬һ֮Ѿ˳ȥ
ʵ̫ˣԶԶ˵󣬺켶Ľ棬һȫ֣ЩֻģϵѧѾˡ
統˳ȥϾΪȻ֮пסΣһ̲סһѪ˳
ʱ򣬳Ʒ֪ʲôʱ򣬾ȻѾ嵽ǰˣɲǼ䣬ֱһͬ߳
һΣûκΰ취ֿɲǼ䣬˲ٶȵ˳ȥڵϣһ㷴ûˡ
жѣѾʧȥս
˶±ˣôܣ
Ѿϵһˣν汸֪ǶϵŮϵŮ񣬶ڣǲҰܡ
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⡭϶Ҵ򿪵ķʽԣô
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Щ֮УΨаʮֵĵ뵽һУʱֻһȻ˵ģ
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鷳ǽֻҲкܶɡ
߲ȵ͵飬ƷӴҲˡ
ƽӹʱ˭ȵĴҲˣһ˿ѧ˭ǿͿġ
ʲôֵģ߲ȵ˵ıԣҲǵǸƽ꣬ǰ
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Ʒȴǹ¼ҹˣʣ̫ˡ
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ѧ˵Ҫ˲ţ쵼ܺ֯ȻҲҪģѧУн֯ǡǡܹĥⷽ
ѧЩѧ֯кӾõΣܶѧڱҵ˺֮ܶЩѧʱ֯ҲΪһܹӰ쵽ѧȻ
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Ʒǽһѧ֯ΪʼĿǰԱȻֻһˣѧ֯ļҲ㼶һжҪͷ飬·չ
Ҫôһѧ֯ʵǳ򵥵ģҪ뽫ѧ֯չ׳ǻһضԶ顣
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436 㻹׵ֵ
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һ뵽ģȻǺֵܸߺ־ˡ
ʱ򣬸ߺ־Ҳǡø˵绰ѹ󣬼ΪģƷȻ˸ߺ־еŤ
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Ʒ΢΢һЦȻһҲݸȥ
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ǿڸߺ־ϣͷˣһϰԴɫ۾˵ˣҲʲôƢͬ˽⣬ºͺ͵ģΪһûƢˣǾʹشˡ
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Ʒ֪˿϶óƷΨףûƷΨס
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ߺ־ܹѧȻǲĶȥһѧ֯ΨһΪƫ͡
ҲֻصΪѣǿﵽ˳Ʒ߿֮ǰΪ
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Ǿͷְɣ
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ƶߺ־ͻȻŵˣΪʶߺ־ûмôĻ𣬺ʲô¶ЦǺǵģһһ
֪ѧģѧôˣѧľһˣߺ־ŭ¶Լ˭˭裬ƷֵܣҪǺˣֵܣʲôһӣ
ߣƷߣ
ߺ־ŭĴЬͳ˲ңһ±ƵĴڲУȫû뵽ƷͻȻô
ƷѾסһۣ̾һȻͬ˳ȥȴڹսǵĵطߺ־һ̣£ƽ顣
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Ʒǰ˵
ΪҺþͲ費ˣȢ޵Ȣͣô첲յģү»һţߺ־ƺеŭδ
Ʒڿߺ־һֹĿ࿴ĸо񼸸ûô棬ߺ־һ̥ǵĸо˵ǰߺ־һкڸߺ־磬Ȼڷͻһˡ
ѵǽŮ֮֮ı仯
Ȼߺ־ĴҲβסˣûȥеģΪֻŮԵλȫƲŻȥʲô塣
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˳ƷҪ˽ʼɳԥһ֮󣬻ǴӦˣȻǹ˼ɽƻǿڵʦԴķϴӦˡ
ųƷһͬԭǿԶˣջίľܾˡ
ȻҲӦ˵˳Ʒͽϵˡ
Ʒ̾һͷˣůˣȻЩ飬ЩҲǰƷȥԿġ
ƷҲ٣˸ߺ־ɳˣʼļǴˣʣµʵҲż
վǿΪֳܹ㹻ʵ˵ƤҲǰġ
ڵ֮װĸ»뽭һսӰսսȫˣɨˡ
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ҾӰսսҲѾϳƷʵˣӰսȻܻӭҲڵĲΣں˵Ӱսе㲻ˣȻҲڱȻͽһץˡ
ųƷ˻ʼս壬ʵӰսѾˣʥ¶Ѱʱ򣬱Ѱ̫ˣΨ𹿰֡
ڳƷ֮ҲƵģһʮصľӰսʱ򣬾ͿǵѰ˾ս½˷졣
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ƷͷѾûʲôǮˣбǮõѧĻ֡
ѧĻֶһվкܶ混Ĳ֪Ҫ߼٣ִ߿Ƽ͵кܶ೬Ŵʱ
ƷһҳһҳķȥأһĽܣһ޴ޱȵıѰ˼米ķ֮ͨ巺һɫмһ޴ʺɫѪۡ
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ƷʱˣԼҪҵĳֱҵˡ
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Ӱ㳦̩տԨϳΪ˻
йʷʮһڹŽһھڵȻʷһھڣִƼϷֵĳŴɵġ
ѧܹ֮ûֶһıУı֮һ۸ߴһڻ֣ȺܶȱҪöˣһҴ͵Ĺ˾ˡ
ǾӰս͵ı෴ģֻһƷ
֤ƷԹŴ˵оڽȥƶɵģĿǰΪֹȽļ
ıһ˰˼ǰ˻Щ½½ĶȥˣҲֻʣһѾڻûȥ
ʵϣҲΪ۸̫ˣڻǾӰսսʮ֮ߡ
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ذԽȻһ׽ȴǷֳֵģһ콣һǵؽ
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Ʒûϸ潪ԴȥУǿʼԼıչأҪ̵ʱڽذԽ֮еĵؽɡ
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ȻڶƷʩչ˿ʱ򿴵ƷĻͻ֣ᷢһʱ򣬳ƷĶԻЩᣬǵ˵ڶʱĶѾĶˡ
ƷǾ˵͹Ŀȫ˳ģʱҲֵ쾡¡
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ʮʩչʱ򣬳ƷѾܹ˳ĽذԽ֮еĵؽʩչˣѾؽ˵ҵĵزˡ
ٶ˵ȥǾ׵ģκѧڳƷ϶֣ܺܿ˺ܹܿ
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ٶʵǾˣһ˿궼ûа취ﵽƷڵĽȡ
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Ҫһлܣǻɱ⿿ԼǷǳѵġ
ƷֻбֳԼǱпܱѧУ߲㿴أȫĻܹӿĳɳٶȣʱ򷽲пܻܽ
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Ҳ˵ѧУţ֮в֪Ķ֣˵ͬѧ֮еĶƣɾʮѲĶ֣˵Ǹ߿״Ԫ÷ơ
ƺͽɵǿ󣬳Ʒۼ֤ģͳͳ÷Ƶϣ÷ƵǿֻҲӹɵġ
ǰһĴɽѾ˺쾳磬˺Щʸ񣬲ǰ
ʱƣʼսǿĻָڿʼչ˳ڵһ˵ٶȣܿ죬Ѿ»ָ˳ӯ״̬֮ǰļ޲ûߣƷ֪Ѿ״ﵽһּˣʱΨͻƵزܸһˡ
ڵһһɵĿ񳱣ڲϳźصϡ
쾳֮γһСѭ쾳ǴͨԽԽľľСѭ֮УԴﵽһ޴ĺѭ
ѭ۷壬ʾǽڵζ򿪣Ӷ쾳硣
ƷľҲһҪĶ࣬һͨҲԶѰҪǿĶˡ
һȦһȦƷڲϵĳţҲ֪ȥ˶ãֻоԭѾҡҡ׹ľڿʼѷ죬һһı壬Ƭ̼Ĺԭ˳ƷµĺصһȫˣƷ䵽˸ľС
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ǰ·ǰ׻ܺɳȥʱĳ
Ȼڵʵȷʵ˺ܶ࣬ǺͽȣʲôȻûпܻܽƷȻûκθ˵ˡ
ʱóؿˣƷ룬˵


440 ˱
Ʒ֮󣬵һʱϵ˸ߺ־
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׾ǿ˾ģҹģССĿȾҲ֪һЩ飬ǵӦ֣ŷ֣ʵսϵȤ󣬷ǹ˾ϲ顣
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442 һ߰
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ŮζˣЩŮϸƤĿɱڼĮ֮гŮҪöˣ
һ̫ϧˣӦô漸죬ҪȱʳﻹӦ
Щɳ޼ɵĴЦ
Щڲʱոձһǣϰ޵Ŀ£Щһܲôʱɳ˵ݣÿǱʱ򣬵һǼĮߣѾյϢЩѾжֲ֧ӽĮɨЩѧѧҲһŽЩǿӶҲɱǣ
ΣôһƱǸϽǶһӣȷٳ
ѧѧǺܺãʮУѧûʮУ֮׵ѧŮѧζһ
һɳɫԵ˵
ѧЩŮɲǣһʮУѧһܿһɳµ˵һȥ֮һҪȥһƱ
һƱҿҲûˣ
أһɭȴӰһߣǳƷˡ
ѧѧ
Щɳ̽յƵĵƹ⿴˳Ʒϵı־ѧУգɵõһ
ЩѧУѲľЩѧѧˡ


446 һɱ
Щɳ˳Ʒˣɵ¶˼ֵּ飬Ϊѧѧһֱѧֵһ
˳Ʒֻм˵ʱǶʱͰĵĶˣʮˣǳƷ˵ĽʮӸ˵ҪȳƷҪ
ϣôҲ󣬿ǣ
Щɳ˳Ʒֻм֮̾¶
ǿɳӨӨͺʱ򣬸¶̰ɫ
ƷֻǴӳݷ֮ĳôһ䣬ֻĿЩɳǸɳ졣
ɳҲһͻɽһЩɳ
ЩɳΪܹʤЩѧѧϾǴʬɽѪ֮ģϻ֮֮ǲŷ֣Լ뷨жôĴ
ΪЩѧȻǺ켶ĸ֣ЩɳȻ˶࣬ȴҲռơ
ЩɳҲڵѪжɹÿһģȻռƵģȴ٣෴ģǱԷ׷໽ųųƷɱ˹
ƷֻͥŲһ㣬ţǶʵ죬Ƭ֮䣬ѾɱЩɳмˡ
һ˲䣬սųƷն
СսҲһɳЦ˵·ܹƷһ
Ƭ̼Ĺ򣬳ƷͳˣǾ޴ޱȵľؽ˲ʣԭ޴ޱȵؽڳƷϣһնһ۵ĽââɨЩնսͶ׷ױסˡ
һ󶣶Щսնھؽϣ粽ѽ
Ʒһֻžؽȴ̩ɽܹˡ

ƷЦһɲǼ䣬ؽˡ
ذԽ
һмһһậֱȻƴںһһ޴ޱȵĺ
ؽ˲ͺһɳɳʱֻоһɿֲ˺ɨ
ƴˣ
ɳһսųƷľؽն

һ޴ĺɲǼ䣬ɳеս˲˳ȥѪģػȻƷеľؽȥƲݺݵĺ䵽ɳϡ
䣡
һƵĺɳǱһ޴ʯϺһ嵹˳ȥݺݵ䵽˵ϣҲˣؿȫ˽ȥ⵽һɾĺһһƬ
ЩɳײУƷҲûκ֣Ǻ쾳ĸֶѿ⣬οֻɳء
һɱһɳ֮󣬳ƷûκͣЪֱӳЩɳȺ֮Уеľؽһ޴ƥһɨ
ǼɳӦ˲ͱɨУһɳ˲䵹˳ȥƶߵķһ䵽˵϶Ҳˡ
ֻһɱ
ⲻֻɲǼĹ򣬳ƷѾɱЩɳǰ
ɳ쿴˳Ʒֿ˱ƷɨɳȥǼ£Ȼ¶Ҳս֣ͬѧѧǵ϶δֵ˺ãڼɺɨ
ڿЩ˼ÿ˶Ǳɨ˴Ĺͷ඼Ƭˡ
˿㣬ʵֲ
ǸҲΪƷѾǷ˵ǰˣеľؽһһݺݵ
һֱӳģѾˣûпѵˡ
ֻӲͷƤеսӭնȥ

һεཻɲǼ䣬ŽĻ𻨣Ǹɳ̾͸оֱϴһֲľһɨ˹
أ
ɳҽһ˫ۼ⵱ѿƷеľؽնı˿
Ϊʲôô£ȻƷһ¶סˡ
ɳˣѾʶ˳ƷĿֲҪߣǳƷôܸĻء
еľؽȥƲɲǼնȥһƬѪ⣬ɳҽУȻ۱ƷȥѪŹŽ˳
ķӦҲǼʱĳȥ̫ͣС˳ƷٶˣΪƷôصһѽٶӦûôǡ
ǳƷٶȴҪ죬ֱһɾűѾɱɳȻؽһȥݺݺɳĺϡ
أ
ɳ˲䱻նУ˵˳ȥһͷݺԵ˵ϣһ֮ͶҲˡ
һɱ


447 ɱ¾
ɳ챻նɱˣЩɳŷɥʿһкǧЩɳûжͷֻǱѧǸƵǽǣŲòƴ
ҲҪ汳һ
ƴ֮µɳܹɳвģܹնǵϣϾɳ̫ˣֶ˺ȻæңյĽҲûʲôֱ
Щѧ϶ʵսףѧڲƵģ۸ҪˣҪҪõĶˡ
ҲѧѧԸ
Դ󲿷ֵɳ˳Ʒս׶ûдѧˮǽѾǳˣƷǸҲʲô㡣
Щ˹ɳʶʲôǰûôƷ־ɨɺüпžžˡ
ؽֲ̫ˣؽ޷ɲοؽ޷棬͸ӿֲˡ
һЩɳͱնɱУ붼˳Ʒϡ
ɳ֮⣬ɳӨӨ˻ͷһμƷɱ¾ֶΣǲִͬ󿪴ϵķʽڳƷ˵Ҳͷһγ֡
֮ǰԾӰսֵʱʵȫĹоؽͲͬˣһֲʵȫ
ʲôɣʲôƴֻǼ򵥵һɨȥסô򵥣
ʱԭηڳƷһС˼ҲɢˣЦһɱ֮ǰֻǶȭԼͲǶˣþؽԼͬסһһشˡ
ҲóƷҲֻкصΪͬǺأ˫ĲֱһѾͻƵ˺صɳӨӨɱ¾ЧҲȳƷԶ
Ʒһ˾͸ˣ
˶óƷδȫδʹκһֽÿһγֶռ˿׼ݶѣȻ˵еѧ׶ǿ׼ݶѣô򵥵ĻҲû˻ȥѧѧˣĵ˴ʦĵز豹棬˭˵似á
Ϊˣηһ˼ûˣͳƷҲûʲôԵìܣϲɳֲǳƷȻҲûʲôɼԵġ
߰٣ȴɵ
һɳӨӨʱҲףΪʲôԼĸĵܾܵȻǰóϷˣȷʵǿսֻ»治ԴˣǴһѾΪսδ켸ǰ϶飬ʣһǱɡ
һˣ˾ʹɣδǮ;Ψһǣϲһ٣սֻѰս
ȻûмҲ˵ԲʲôƲ磬ýֺͷҲ֪Ӧٷ֮ʮŪƷ
ܿѧˣǸɵӣԼ˶ܷ飬ûɲ֪Ȼôˣ̫ˣʲôգ
֮һϨ˵׷Ʒ˼˻δҡֱϾǰ;ⱲҲƽƽδĲɳҲĲ
ûģоɵĶˣȻܶδǴʱóƷûġ
ԾķɳΪ֮ǰƷӣ˵ȷʵǿˣǺڱԻо޴Ĳ࣬ԽͻƣԽǸоԼӳĲ
ֺɨһеսֱ£Ƕ̶¶ѣƷѾ̥ˡ
ĺ˵һ䣬ϴ᲻̫ˣ
Ʒ֪ڶ̶ʱ˼ͱ仯ôܹ࣬ܵĳҲ⣬նɱЩɳ֮оöˡ
Щɳɱֶμֱֳ̣ͼ񣬳ƷоԼͷͨˡ
նɱЩɳ֮󣬳ƷʱоԼöˣ
ˣɱЩ֮ǼɣȻҹļĮΣգǵʱ䲻Ǻܶ࣬ǶսףⲻǺܴ󣬳ƷвУɳӨӨʵ
û⣡
Ʒ˵ͷȻҹļĮⱬҪάҪĸ˵ⶼ⡣
˼ȻѾ֮󣬾ˣովһɱ֮Ѫζ̫ŨأܿͻܶޣҲʺš
һתۣʱҴţƷΪѰǸˣڼĮдʱ䡣
ʱ֮УƷ˳ֽɳĮУɳʵ̫ˡ
ڶ㼬֣ԳƷ˳־͸ˣһֱ׷ɱһɳһƬ굱УڼǸˡ


448 
һ죬Ʒ׷ɱһɳһƬ굱еʱ򣬲ŷ֣ԼѾ˰ΧС
˵ѹһ޴ľ֣һ˸Χȥľ֡
ĵѸٶɳ϶һŨѪζսΪֲ
ЩһӾͽƷ˰ΧС
Щɳ֮⣬ɳ죬ÿһ˺һߣɼһֱ֮
Ҫ֪ԵڴＯŵʵҲֻһֶѣƷĺ쾳ıڣÿһһ궼ǧ𲽡
ֵεĸ֣ԲһҪܹĵģѧ֮УвѧǺ֣ҪЩˣһĴҵ˵죬ΪЩÿһ֮ӣͷСĸʺܵ͡
Ǻôֱʣ
ƷҲɵͻ⼸֡
ɳҲһǱΪԼˣû뵽ڱıŽɱˡ
ЩɳȻֲǻȫûٶ˶ѣҪͻΧǿԵģΨһ鷳ľɳ죬ÿһǺ֣ǲϵĻҪߣѶȾʹ˺ܶˡ
ߣͻΧ
ɳӨӨҲɱϣ̾Ѿ˾
ɳӨӨȻѾߵˣΪʲôأ
أһ٬ţһ֮һӰ˳ԼĪŶʮµһӣһտɫսһƬĮмΪۡ
ϴż٬ͼֹ°
ˣɳӨӨʱ֮ʹ޵顣
ôͬѧ˵ô΢΢һЦ˵Ǵ޵Цݣ˵һС
ҲŭĿƷʱˣֻɳӨӨӦǺ͹ʶġ
Щ飬ƷҲˡ
뵽ҲǳѧһҲͲѲ²ˡ
㻹ûܺã
ɳӨӨЦ˵
ôܻأ˹Ц˵׷ɱҵв٣ѧ񲿵ˣû뵽ǾȻҲ׷ɱˣһҲҪնˣ
ޣˣҲ˼˵ʲôꣿη˵㺦˻ôҲû뵽Ȼ̵Եף
η㻹ôǼʲôأ
һЦ˵
ͬѧķϣҺǶ˵һ仰ǻһҲ͹ˣ¶˼飬ץסǣɱǣ㣬µʵһȱƷǼúʣ

Щɳ׷ӦȻǹշ£ڹ˾ηǳ
סǣȳɳӨӨͻȻ˵ʮ˵
ôԣ
һԵģȻɳ㣬ô
ûз裬˵ķҷǳ˽⣬ȻѾ֣ͱȻбʤİգҪĻһ֮⣬ûбĿˣ
ɳӨӨ˵
ɳӨӨôˣ˽ң׼ҲûпܣⱲң˭ң˭ҪҲһ˺˵һ㶼ûиղνͬѧӡߣ˭ߣҪҵƷӼ֣
̸ˣɳʦ㣬ǺʲôʶҴûϵôأƷǰһ˵
ʱɳӨӨ˲ŽĿ˳ƷɳӨӨ˵Ʒ֪ʵǿǽ治ǳǿʱ򣬹˵ʵֻ֮ϣ֮£ֻһһȺΧһʤܴ󣬵ûյ飬ȻҳΧǣǿ϶׼ˣһϺܱһȺ˶Ҫã
ɳӨӨҧӣƷЩףΪʲôһȺɳӨӨˣʵǺΪеȻ˸ܹ˰սϡ
Ϻ󣬼Ǳľ棬һܹõġ
ҿҲˣѵôҾãˣ£ĶһЩ߹Ʒȴǲͬ¹գһӥһ˹ˡ
۹⣬ƷҲˣȴʥ̿õ˲ţҪһԺ󱻽̨Ͼ̫ϧˣδǰ;δز罭Ҳ֪ͽʲôԹǣֻҪԸͶʥ̣ұ֤лŪʮ֮ھܳ׳ԽҿǸ˲ţᣡ
˹Ц
ƾ㣬ʲôҲǸСආԸǰ̣ƷЦһ


449 ǹƥɨǧ
˵ʱƷô˵ѹûнӡ
ƷΪʲôط˵Ϊ˿Դ󣬸սû뵽ͷ֪ڸģҸᣬȻ㲻ϣǾͱҲˣЦſųƷ˵
ƾ汾°ɣϻ˵ƷЦһ˵ĻһջûУ˭֪Ҫ̣϶ҪһϴԣʱǸҲͲǳƷˡ
ƷȻһ̤˲䳯Ź˵ķ̶ȥΧȦ֮ĵط쾳ɳ쵱УҲ

ЦһȵϣѾıˣҪڣŪǣ
ЩɳԷ׷׳ɱ˵ЩɳÿɢˣܹнֹɼǾη衣
ƷǰʱҲѾʮɳЩɳ϶¶Цݣ·ǽƷһ̲һ

ƷХһȶȻγɿ磬һЩɳ赲סˡ
ͣ͵һɲǼ䣬ƷľؽʣǾ޴ĽӰɨա
أ
أ
أ
һײɱʮɳһ˲䣬Աʱٶȵ˳ȥݺˤ˵ϣˡ
ؽ֪ӹɣЩɳɨУֻһ³Ǳɱ
Щɳ΢Ʒǰ
Ʒٶͻһ֮ͬһγǰ쾳ɳ죬ͭһ۾֮бֲɱ⡣
˼ɲǼ䣬Ѿˣһһңл˹һһ˲֪մȾ˶Ѫĳǹһֳһսֱ˹
Сģ
ԶɳӨӨһĻæ˵ǴԼҲԹ˲ϾһɳʮɳΧסˣüιϣսףʱͱնɱˡ
˫ȭѵֵĵ˸쾡¡
˾Ҳˣֻɳûɳ죬ҲʮɳŰΧС
ǴʱҲûа취ˣƷǹƥȥɱǲܲܲˣҲûбİ취ˣΨһսˣǵѡ񲢲ˡ
ҳסѾźţֻҪѧѧյźţֻҪŵǸʱͿˣɳһնһɳȻ˵
ΪǻлôʱûзźѾô˲Цı㣬ôܻôԵ
ͬʱɳҲѾɱ˳ƷˣƷܹˡ
Ȼо飬ͷͬʱͱ˳ƷκλֵĿռ䡣
䣡
һɳĳǹ̴˿γһɿֲˣһǹֱӴ̴˳Ʒ֮󣬲ŷָûдУֻһӰѡ
Ʒֱӻ˺üӰ
ʲô
ɳʱɴ۾ϳ֪ʲôȻôЧ
һɳĳնµһ˲䣬ȴһؽ֪ʲôʱ򣬾ȻѾս档

һ޴ײǿֲ˻ȥǸɳʱֻоֱ۶Ҫˡ
⣡
˺üǿסΣһмֱӰһ㣬źɨ
ɲǼ䣬ɨȥ

ɳֻüᵶֵ㶼㲻Ǻܿͷжףǵסһѣƶը˿Ѫ˲罦սסһɾȥƲ˲ն
ͣ
ɳֻüҽһͱն룬ѪŹм׷ɣɢһƬĻĮ֮УѾЩȾĸѪ졣
ʱһɳѾɱ˳ƷߣǸɳҼл˭֪Ȼ˾˵һĻὣĳƷһͽɳ롣
ؽƷһǿͻԵ쾡¡
ã
ɳˣƷʱ·һͷԶźľ޶һɱ¾ıܴʹȥ
ǳƷôܸһһɳ֮󣬽˳ƾɨǸǹɳǰ
ˣ䣡
һ֮󣬽Ŵһ޴ıըǳƷͻȻӿٶȣն˿
Ʒؽɳ컹δü˳ƷĹΧͱС
أ
ǹ˳ȥȻ屻ɨɳȥ䵽˵ϣ֪


450 
ѣ쾳ɳѾ˳Ʒϣ⳹סɳЩɳ꣬ܶѲĸ֣ǳƷֱɱ¾Ļ֮ٵġ
ɱɳ춼֮ǿߣǾɱ֮ŻʤģڳƷУȻһжŲȥ֪ж塣
Ƿ
ʱҲȥˣΪѾȲʤȯˣ˭֪Ʒɳ죬ƾȻһ˸ת˹
Ȼ˵ЩɳֻһЩڻҶѣҪշЩɳҲס
̲סˣˡ
ˢ
˲ͳųƷɱ˹ˣٶȿɱոտ쾳ɳҪǿ̫ˡ
أ
Ʒ˲ѾжϳˣɳӨӨ˵ȷʵҪǿһɳӨӨ˵УǿľɳӨӨҲǸողضѡ
֮ȣѾ˺һʱˣ츳Ȼ޷ͶƣɵᲢۣȴѾԽɳӨӨˡ
䣡
гǹ˲ɨɲǼʱѣѾ̵˳Ʒǰǹ̴Ŀֲ˴ĳƷ·졣
һŨصѪζ
ˢ
һǹֱӴ͸˳Ʒ֮УȴûܹԳƷκвֱӴ̴ǳƷӰ
˴һһеĳǹ˲ɨԱߵĵطֱɨ˳ƷֻӰǺܿģͷ֣Ǵġ
ȻӰ
ƷʩչӰ˹ܹӦļˣ
ذԽ
ƷһڳˣеĳĳǹҲ̶٣趯ǱһϵеԶԶȥȻǽ֮еĿ˺ѿһ
âһһѹ
˴һķӦҲ˿æ˳ǹֿǹһ˲䣬һ㺮âһȥȻҪӲƷľؽ
ƷĿֲڸղŵսֵ֮쾡ˣȴẦ£Ӹղŵս֮УҲѾܹжϳƷΪǺضѡ
ȴǺأ㹻ѹˡ

һ˵ĺǹ;ؽһ
һ˲䣬еĹƶˣȫܣһ˲ͱƷıˣɢˡ
ˣгǹҶʱˣ֮ǰԼ뷨жôĴˣƷѾһֲĵزˡ
ֻһѣͽƴıѿڶըˡ
ƷĻҪӿֲĶˣ
ƲˣƷһ֮󣬸ûֹͣ뷨ȥ
ˣ
ؽƳյֱһС



Ʒɨ¾ؽؽӴڳƷкһ
ؽкشһ䣬ӵǿƹҲֻǲϵĵֵνرʧڣ޷ס̣Ʒһն˳ȥݺײ˵ϡ
ղſĶȥˣֻӵʵôƷЦſŹ˵
ǱƷѪȻ󿪿˵û뵽ʵȻܹǿزһ꼶ģǳ׼ŭˣ
Ȼһ˫ƶȻһС͵ķ籩һȫһ׾Ŷĸ߶ȣڸһ׶ࡣ
Ǹ죡ƷŹˣ
Ȼ˵бһͶ˵߶˵ɱͽָķɲڳƷĿ֮С
䣡
һʵ˺ܶ࣬Ա֮ǰϡ
еҲļǿֲ˵ʱһεһ
ٺ٣ɳӨӨηҲµ̬ѧʱҸҸ죬±˷֣ڲͬˣҽ˸Ϊǿ󲻵˹Ц
װƣȴһѾ޽նͷ­
˴ŭֳֳǹ̾ͺͳƷԺˡ
֮󣬹ٶȣһ޴ԭڳƷĽ֮£ֻǽڽڰˣǳƷĶ֣ǵھȻܹͳƷƽɫѷ֡
Ʒɣ˹Цһɨ֮ǰƣȻųƷ͹˹ȥ
أ
أ
أ
˫󿪴ϵսޱȿ񱩣ʮֲҡ


451 ˣնɱ
񱩵սɲǼͱˣ˹ͻȻıЩɳǸʿȻĳɳ˸ӷɱ
ɳҲܿ¶ƣϾϣЩɳռȫƣÿһ˶ܹͬƷ㼸ԺɨһЩɳ
֮ͬУڳƷ˵Ѿûκôˡ
Ķƴ˺üӣһֱĹ˶˫ֶҪˣƷɻȤʮ㣬ֻоԼѪű
ȫ֣оʵ̫ˡ
Ҳе±ˣѾû֮ǰĿˣƷôžͺݺݵ˼ӣȻһ㶼·磬ֻԼΪȷʵˣȻݺ˼ӡ
ûеѡѡӲĻͻᱻƷһƬ
Ȼоڵ˥ˣҲһ۶ûеģÿʱÿ̶Ҫľ޴ܣսսСʱʲôƣ롣
ڲǼӶѣȻѾо˥ˡ
ɵеƵðһͷ˭ǱǸ
ѵûиô
ˣƷ˵
˲ûһӱչȥʲôˣѾ߾ȫˣڳƷ˵ղǽֻô
ٲˣԲѣ
ѹҲųƷĻʵ̫˼ˡ
Ʒһɳˣ϶Ѿվ֮УΪÿ˶ҪԶԼʮϵĸֵΧһк쾳İæǴʱֻܹǿֵˡ
ɳͼһȦһЩɳҲһɱ¾ḻˣһӾͿǵͼȻεĽǸԭء
ȥȫûҲֻʱѡ
ƷʱҲˣԳƷҲûԥˣ˲ſˣɲǼ䣬ϵ˳ԭѹ˺ܾõһɿ񳱣ڱ˳
䣡
ƷϢԭĻ֮ϣ࣬һϯ˺˵ˡ
ôܣ㲻һضѣƾʲôս
ʱ˲ˣƷղŵĻԲֻǿЦ˵󻰶ѣ෴ģ˵Ķʵ
ȷʵʵղŵսĳƷ˵ȷʵѹֻһѡ
û˸µ֮󣬳ƷܹܵԼڵҲ˺ܶ࣬Ҳ˺ܶ࣬ҲĶˡ
ЩۻǳƷսı
ˣˣ
ƷĿŹ˵
ôܣΪпô˵˵ţȻŰзųһźŵųƷ˵ˣֻҪһ
Ʒ۾֪˿϶Ƿųźŵٻˣһп֮еһ֣ôƶӣֻǸӦþڸˡ
ûʱˣҪնɱˣ
Ʒ˵
Ѿ¶˾ģǱûκˣɲǼ䣬Ʒһһ˲䣬˲˲һ˹˵ǰ
ɾű䣬ÿһ䶼һ޴ɱ䡣
ˣ
еľؽ˲ͳˣһ˲䣬ն
ּֿһƴĿֲȻ˲䳯Źնȥ

ֻüóǹֵһ£ǳǹϴĿֲװ׵ĸһĿֲǹЩҪԼϱն˳ȥ
ԲܱնɣȻˣ
ףǹɣû˵ֵƷؽıôƷֻҪ˳һ군ˡ
뵽˵ֱϵļⶼˣԭֱ۾Ѿͳ˵ĴȲϸˣһӾȻ֮һ
ǿס˳Ʒնһ˫εĶ˵ϣȴˣ˫ȶҲǱˡ
ϱ˫Ȼ޴ޱȵۡ
ôô
ǲ˼飬ƷȻܱ֮ǰֲֳԽôǧɵĸ졣
ƷһĹȴֻǿʼѡ
䣡
䣡
䣡
Ʒÿһն䣬·涼һ¡
й󣬹ڼֲסһҽУ˫ѾƷһնȫ۶ˡ
ǹҲֱӱ˳ȥһһ˲䶴˺üɳֹͣ
ȻƷһȥƲ˳ֱն˹ˣѾûκˣն룬ֱͦͦĵ˵ϡ
֮أǲ˼飬ԼҲδԼȻһַʽһһ꼶


452 նɱ
һɱ˹֮󣬳ƷҲûκԥֱӳɳ˹ȥ֮УΪģֻǺһ۷ѣȻûкְΧߣǹʮɳѾһˡ
ϲѪ罦ȻѾάֵʱ
ѵҾҪôɳҲ˼ʱأһӰͻɽһ㣬ɱ˽һھ޽ǹһϾžžˡ
Ǻɨһ·
ʮɳȻĽŲסȫУԳƷÿһɨмɳֱɨУֱӲɨɳȥɳѺɳײˡ
һЩΧɳɳѾͳͳƷɨһգҲˣּĮ֮Уˣ·һ
㻹԰ɣ
Ʒɳ˵
û⣡
ɳԼһЩȻ˵㲻ùңȥҽǣû⣡
ã
Ʒ˵ͷȻֱӳɳӨӨǱ߱ɱ˹ȥ
ɳӨӨʱڶһ쾳ɳ죬ѾΪˣΪǱȽϾģȻȫƣҲܹصס
ƷǺɨһ·ߣɵþ
Ʒɱ˹ˣ
ɱ˹ˣˣƷ˵ͷ˵
ãһɳ죡ɳӨӨߺ˵
Ҳ˵ЩɳģҪҡǵġ
ǵģҪȥ͵ɱǣ
ǸɳҲǿɳӨӨĲԣһ
Ļ䣬ȴһؽɨݺնɳ졣
ͣ
ɳ˲ͱն룬ûзӦͱɱѪ罦˳
һԸոջߺɳӨӨе޷ܣղŻѷ֣ɳ޵ɳ죬ȻڳƷɱˡ
ɱˣ
ǵģɵıɱˣ
ҲûʲôսƺҲҪʲôս
ƷԱԼ͵ߵʱ򣬻ϾɱҪ
ϷӦ˹ȻЩͨɳɱȥһصΪһӱ˳ûǸ쾳ɳɳɳӨӨһ֮У˫ʵʵ̫Զˡ
Ʒ״Ҳûκͣæ˷ɱȥǰϰ취նɱǼ켶ɳ졣
û˺켶ɳİæɳӨӨ˵սȫˣټϳƷɳȺսȦ
ɳһֲס˱ˣҪˣʱҲʣ¶ˣƬ֮ĹͱƷ¾ˡ
ٶ˾Ӳ
սɳһƨ϶ѪԼҲɳģ󲿷ֶɳģҲԼģֻгƷһ˻£ΪƷһֱԼһӰ춼ûС
ףԼĽٺ֮ٿƷһ˳ȾӣɳӨӨͺҲǰһ䣬ҿ
ֱûȰ˱ˣȻӰ
ܶûбȽϾû˺һ˱Ƚϣ˺̫ˡ
ͺˣ
Ҳ޻˵ϾղųƷǾǰҪûгƷǿ¾ܹͻΧȥҲҪˣûȥֱǲ˼顣
ʱָָһˣƷһԻֻһЩʱƣѾָĲˡ
˻ʼս֮ټϾؽƷ⻹ͷһȫʩչ
ԭƷǸȺսڣȺս˵Ҳˮ粻ģϾѹ
ʱˣΪʲôʾܹһԿüˣΪ֮еǿߡ
ȫָ˹ȴԶһƾ˵ϢԶڿǳɳ˶֪ˡ
ã̵Ԯˣߣ
ƷһʱҲ˲صʬˣǶŸնˣն˻Ὣնɱͳͳͳһ£ȻϴԲõԼĹͻûС
˵һ䣬æվǾô̵ʱ֮ڣһӰѾңң˵ǰˣһѪɫӰһͷѪɫĳһѪɫĳۣһѪɫսȫ´ſֲѪѸײڶ֮Ƴ˳Ʒ˵ߡ
ǿߣסƷһ˵
Уʱôܽһ˶ɳһ


453 Ѫӵ
ƷһѪɫӰ˵˿Ѿ֣һסҲֻܳΪҵ׸а취ȫˣĻҪһô
Ʒ֮ǰͽ֣ԺжôĿ£ѪɫӰƾѾﵽ쾳硣
ڸƵ֮У쾳֮ٵģ˾쾳֮еľǿߡ
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ԼСһ㣡ɳӨӨ
ǷһηʱηһԳƷ˼ûˣϾҲⳤġ
ӳСĵ㣡ɳ

໥һۣȻϳԶӶݶȥóȫһ̶ͣ
Ƭ֮䣬һѪɫӰѾ˳ƷǰһޱߵѪɫϢųƷ
ֲֿɱ¾֮ųƷܹӰ˵ǣޱߵɱ֮С
Ʒ˫۶Ѫɫɱ⡣
أƷԺ֮һöͻȻһƷ˲ʹһޱߵɱ֮˳ָ
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ʱƷܹһѪɫӰ˭һԼĪŶʮģĿӣһѪɫĳۣ˾Ǵӵ֮һ
Ƶ֮еĶħ
Ʒ֪ˣӦǱѧ⣬Щѧܹ⾳ö֮ԼҲᱻ⾳Ӱ죬ֳ̬ͬ

Ʒ˵
Ϊסңɱ㣬ɱǣѪɫӰųƷЦ˵˵ƷֻһССİʯһ߿Ҳˡ
һѪ£ĪǾ֮еѪӣƷһٿ֮й̵أҲ˺֮ܶгĸ֣оһ˵Ϻǰ˺
˾Ǻų֮Ĵ֮һѪӣĴÿһ˶һ֮еٮٮߣÿһѾ쾳磬˵ҲǼΪѲĶ֡
ĹӵһֱǰéģѪӣǿʮʽѪӣ֮⣬ииָͣۻֻҲϰڡ
ʣһ֮ľͷ֮һƷҲû뵽һΧ˹ˣȻܹ
Ȼϵң
ѪӿųƷ¶˼Ц˵һ۳ƷȻ˵룬ӦǸͽԼսĳƷɣ
ҵôôƷȫ䱸ʱ׼ߡ
ʲôһСආˣǽǺպأֶռˣȻҪս˵ܲ˵ôѪӵһЦżаȺͲ̡
ƷˣԼˣǽ̫ˣй飬̶ֻ֥СҲΪϵϡ
ںܶ˿ƷǸҪƽǸ顣
ɱģѪ˵£ɱҵһ֣ұҪɱģ뻹ˣΪҾʺҵ£㲻ҪɱôֻҪңлնɱ
ղŹҲô˵ģҵϣԼҲκβýҸҲʲôýƷ˵һֻץס˾ڡ
ѪƳһ۳ƷеľؽȻ󿪿˵֣ܺã㻹еǣûֱӳ֣ȻĻͲ˵ˣҺܿǣԸһᣬΪûлɱô̫СˣʵϣڳıһжʱҪҷ𣬽ǼϵһѣʱҪŪǾ֮ͣ
Ʒԣʱͫ΢΢ҷôܣʵ˵ǰ޹˺ߵȻʷϸûһҵʵܹᲢۣԼ˵Ҳӫӫ֮ѣھȻ˵ܹҷ
ôž޴ıǳƷô룬벻Ҫôܹҷ
ôشϢˣҲй¶ȥôƷ۾˵
й¶ȥΪܵõôʲôܣɽⲻǱǰܶ˶֪ˣֻЩײ˲֪ѣôٸһλᣬԸ̵Ļҿȫ㣬Ļ·һѪӵЦţϵɱȴȫͷţֵ˳Ʒϡ


454 ŭɶѪ
ڳƷѪչֳ˳ѰģʵϣѪӾȻģֻ¶Ҫһ
Ϊǵ˽⣬ѪӾ֮ˣ
ʵˣѪҲȷʵô֮ˣ֮ԻԳƷģҲΪҪƷˣ֮Ĵӣÿһǳ׿ҲΪˣ֮ľҲļҡ
Լľ֮⣬Ҳ෢չԼȨҪ뷢չԼҪľ˲ţƷӵ˲š
ԸٸƷһᣬͳƷȣɳӨӨ˲ν顣
Щ˼ûгƷмֵɳӨӨ˿Ҳţ˵ͺѰˡ
Ҫٶܴѧץ٣ʲô£
ƷĬˣѪӵЦݽˣȻ˵֪ʱߣȰòҪĴ㣬ǾѾĿˣʲôСĻڵģ˲ҲȫϴԣĻƻδĳɳԣҲҪһǱƲѵĻҲûбİ취ˣ
Ѫӵʵ飬̵ϴȻܳɹֱǿϴԹˣδǰ;൱ޣǴСϴԣǻһЩΪǴӤ׶ʱڲϴԴߣҲǶԳƷǿӲƻԵֶνϴԡ
Ҳ˳ƷĿģں
ȻˣҾȴ֮ˣһ
Ʒ˵ţȻһ֮оؽѪնȥ
ĿֱָѪӵĲֱҪѪӵĲնϡ
ң
ѪŭĿԲȫֲѪ˳ѾԳƷĵˣǳƷȻĺ⣬ֱˡ

Ѫֱֵ̧ס˾ؽն޼᲻ݵľؽҲûа취ƿѪӻĻ˫ľ̫Զˡ
Ѫɫ赲ס˳ƷеĹ
ȻҾͳȫ㣡ѪӴһȫµѪһӱ˳һצųƷץ˹
أ
һצֱץ˳ƷϣƷɲǼ䣬һɫʼսûбѪһץץԴ
Ǽˣɱ˳ȥƶߵķһ˳ȥ
ۣ
ƷһھѪ˳ش䵽˵֮ƷһӦǳԶӴܶȥ
ģƻСѪŭһ̾ѾˣԼ˳ƷĵƷѹΪʱ䣬ȻŭԼ֮󣬽ԼĹ֮ӳԼĹΧȻʼӴܡ
ȻΪʲôԼûܹһƷץԴϻ¶˼ַŭ飬һ˵ƷΪܹܵõôʵ̫ˣ
ˢ
ѪӴѪ˲һٶȳųƷʧķ׷˹ȥ
Ƭ֮䣬Ѿ׷˳ƷλãһƬĺ棬׷ʱȴ֣ƷѾʧˡ
ݵˣѪӱ۾ʼ֪ΧһڵļûУһЩܹݵص޶ûУΪЩڸ֪ȫĿֲѪ֮Ѿͳͳˡ
켶ĸ֣㹻ѰγɸԵѹˣﻹ
ƫƫԼһ㶼֪ƷԶˡ

ѪȷԼѾ֪Ʒʱ򣬲ɵޱȵıŭϵĹⷽԲǧ֮ڵضİȥһƬ
ȷҲ˳ƷʱȥȻ֪ƷôģǳƷӴԺҲıɱһο˳Ʒö˵ʲôֱնɱ
촿⣬ΪԼʤȯգƷȥأ
ããļĮ֮У޷ߣȻʵȴ޵еһݺݵĶ⣬Ҳʧʱ
ƷȷȷʵʵʧˣȻ֪ôͻȻʧˣ϶Ҳˡ
ˣŭɶѪԭشҹ֮󣬻뿪ˣѾȷ˳ƷڣĻҹʱ䣬ƷСģҲĸ֪վᱻֵġ
Ʒò֪ʲô취뿪Ҳûκˡ
Ѫ뿪ܾ֮ãƷŴԭð˳ƾճֵġ
ûͻȻ뿪ֱӶɽͼĿռ֮ˣûѪӷ֣ˣҲҹʱ䣬ڰȫ


455 Ѫ̺ѧ
ƷȷѪѾ뿪֮΢΢һѪȷʵֲܿ
Ѫ˵ԼҲκβ˽֮˭ǿ˭ƷжϣϾҲ쾳磬ѪӶ˵ȽҪΣա
й˼ɣΪҪϵڻ죬Ѫͬˣϵڻ죬޼ɵĳ֡
ʱɽͼ֮УǱѪץһҲͶˣʲô
ϻǳ˼صɫΪ֮ǰѪ˵Ļ֯һ޴ıҰѪ˵ܶ˶֪Ļǿ¾Ͳııˡ
ıĻ˵䲻ĸش֪ıĻ̵žǴĶأ
ʵӲӲĻֻҪһֻ־ܹķڵأ˫ʵֱһĲ࣬ûʲôɱԡ
ѪӼȻô˵ˣǾͶˣƷҲ̫ѪӻſڿӣʵҲûбҪϾʱѪʤȯգ˭Ҳ֪ƷֶܹѣԳƷŵ˭Ҳ֪ôµı
ĲλӴɡ
ôᵽһΣյϢѪ˵ɽ¥ȫҲϵ֮棬ôֱ롣
ˣ黹ֵܹ˵ģ뿪˵ɣ
Ʒ鿴һ£ʱ֮УѧֱӸһĻֹתһ룬֪ˣӦնɱ˹˵ĽЩӦƽֵģȻɳӨӨӦǽ󲿷ֵĹͶøˡ
Ҳûж˵ʲôҲӦõģϾȷʵǳ˴ˣһϺ
նɱЩ棬ȷʵȽϷ񣡡Ʒ£һѧܹ׬ҲǺܶࡣ
أƷĸնȴյһϢǱ˵ģѧѧȺϢӦֻҪһƬһľͻյϢ
ѧڽѪ̣ѧѧӦþһ
ƷѧϢٿϲ鵽˹Ѫ̵һЩϢ
ѪԭǼĮ֮һɣɿ˵ͬһΪѪʵҲ̫ǿΨһϱȽϳĸֻѪ̵Ľһ۷ĸ֣ĽڼĮ֮ǱȽϳģҪ˵ȣǺҲر𣬾һѪӣɽѪ
ѪڼĮ֮Ҳɱ°޶̫Сע⣬ѧҲ̫עѪ̡
û뵽һѪ̾Ȼ죬Ҳһ޹ǵ¼֮С
һ޹ǣϰˣ˵ڴˣνʧأڹǵ֮У޹Ȼ׵壬һܲˣһ޵ı̵ȻĻ֡
һΣȴֻֽ̲ˣвѪСɼУҲѪծ
ѧѧǰķԸѪ̣οϰѪ
ҲһѪѪ˼·
ƷеȻΪףЩʲôѪ֮СǷô
̼Ҵҵ󣬸ҺŸɣѪ̲һҲֻк۷徳а壬ȻĿŵòģѰ·
֮ǰ֮ûʰǣʰǣֻΪĵ̫ˣвĻޣ̣а̶ڼĮ֮вҲˣھȻҳQĻô
Ϣ£ƷҲֻΪѪѹǻ˼件ֶ࣬ԲĶС
Ǳ˵ҲˣȻѧᣬҾҪȥúÿˣ
ƷһĨЦʱ֮У֮ԳȫۣѧҲǾӹΰ
ĨһϣѧҲǳ˺ܶ࣬ںܶᵽƷǿ㣷֮ȻҲѧûûҹĸĹ͡
뵽ƷֱٻޣѪڵѪǵķٸȥѧᷢϢ֮УҲѪǵ귽λ
Сʱ֮󣬳ƷѪǡ
һ޴ޱȵĴǣһ޴ޱȵĸ͵ĳǳأһ޴ޱȵԶԶžͼΪͿ£ЩƺʧȥԭãſˣȻһܹĶûС
ƷʱˣǱֵ˲ϵͳˣ


456 ʵۺѧ
ѪСɣûԼ𣬻߹հĴŪģһԣܲЩºţƽʱײûʲôһ֣Ǿ·һ
䵽ѧѧ֯ȻܹΧѪ̵ĵز
ƷԶԶĿȥܹǽѪɫ·ӰѪ̵ĳԱٿϵ˵ѪĳԱڼĮ֮ҲǱȽϴһˡ
ЩѪ̵ĳԱȫٴһΪȻǧѧѧĵһɫѧѧƷȻɱ
ЩѧĳԱÿһǵڵģ໥ͨγ˿ֲսΪ׵ľٺ쾳ѧ£Щѧ֮󣬻ǧͨѧѧЩѧѧҲͬ죬϶أأ۷ѧӢ
ɲһѧʸѧģǧѧƳ죬ȻѪ̵ĳԱҪǸһ¥Ĵڡ
Ѫ̵ĳԱ˵ˣҲֻһ˶ѣѧץһǾӢȻûıȡ
ǵЩѧĳԱս֮޾
ûִЩİ֮£Ѫ̵ĳԱǱĽڽڰˣȻռƣȴռơ
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ƷԶԶţҲɵþ̾˵Ȼѧ᲻Ҳڿȥѧᣬȷʵǽжȣѧܹǧĸѧ֯ս֮УǷǳ׵ģЩѧһǺ֮ˣڶָܹӣֻһ㣬ѧͺ˲ˡ
ʱ˫Ѿʼ̱νˣʱͿó͵ҪˣѧĳԱѧĸΪȷ棬ǺܸߣûκһѪ̵ܹסٺ쾳ѧͻϮ
쾳ĸ֣ĻܶԿǳƷִ󣬳ĶҲûбİ취ǧ˵ͨɱǺҲֻᱻ˲ɱ
ѪվһӵԱĴ̣лľģڱǧͻ֮һǧ˵Ѫ̾Ѿˣͬӵϰٺ쾫ӢľȻҲأصΪʼѷɫѧĳԱ̫ˣ޷档
ֻ˵ʱ仹ǿԵġ
ƷʱҲȻѧĴ˳ǽ˼Ѫ̵ĳԱ֮ԶԶĿš
ЩӦþѪ̵ľӢˣȫ֣նɱǽ˫Ļ֣
أһХһӰѧĳԱ֮ͻȻӶ
ɲǼĹ򣬾ѾһֻѪ֮̾УǺɨһһ޴Ŀնͬͻһ
ǿӦк۷ˣ쾳ҲֻһЩˣ
ƷһӰǵﴳǧĽడ
Ȼ쾳ǲһ㣬ǴʱǷǳ͵ģѪ̵ĺ쾫ӢҲסһУѾ˺۷ˡ
ǸӦþ֯һΧѪ̵ѧһ᳤˰ɣ
Ʒ̾Ͳ³˵ݣΪ֮ǰѧѧ巢ϢˣǱˣ档
ѧʵȷʵһ᳤Ȼк۷ʵƷһĻ֮˸žâ
Ȼ쾳磬ҲѾǿˣ쾳ѧ֮ʲôλǾǸ߸ϵĳҪ֪ܶർʦҲǺ۷Ϊѡ
쾳ѧǿڴ󲿷ֵĵʦ֮ϵģѧУڵĵλԺЩ쾳ĵʦƽƽġ
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ѧ֮У˴ѧ֮⣬ܹģҲָϴѧʵҲǺܶ࣬۷ľҲѾѰ֮еٮٮˡ
Ȼֻһ֮ȴ֪ס˶ˣܾʮʮ޷ͻƣȻѧУ֮Ҳô۷ĵʦˣһЩҲʮˡ
Ҫͽȼ磬͵Ҳ쾳磬Ϊѧ֮еĴ뢣лᲢۡ
أڴʱڳбһХһѪɫӰųѪɱֱӳѧḱ᳤档
棬ȻҴΧѪ̣浱Ѫôѧѧ᳤أһѪɫӰ棬һʱɿ񳱺ݺײһ˿µˣ


457 Ѫа
˺ڵһݺײһ˿ֲĿ񳱣
ڣһӰ¶ΣһԼĪʮģµӣȻͷЩҰףȴʵ죬һ⼫Ϊ˶
ŲʮѣǳƷȴ֪ٿʾϣѪ̽һٶˣһٶǰѾˣֻһֱδܿ쾳ѡ
ƾ㣬Ҳǻ᳤ЦһûнԷҳʰˣϼһһٶˣûܹ쾳磬ѧһѣǰ
Ѫ̽ʱŭݺײһ
۷ĸײһ𣬶ѧѧǺЩѪ̵Ľͽײһγһ󣬽ɶЩѧѧ
ʱǳܱѾ½½ĳѧѧƷЩʱˣѧҪѧ֧֣ѧʵǼ֤ѧĻԻͰˣȻҲЩѧæɨһЩѪ̵Ľͽ
ƷʱһѪʮʱ䣬ǼΪһʱ䣬Ҳ˲ٵĲƸԽȥ
ðײãѧᣬҲҪ˽
뵽ƷҲûκԥˣæųӶȥȫѪ̵ĽͽȥӭսѧѧˣڳƷ˵һǳõĻᡣ
Ʒ˳УеķǳִǵǸ¥ãĳȣ𲢲Ǻֻܴһ޴սܹ֮ŵŨصѪζ
ٿϵһʵѪ̵ģһŽþݵ㣬Ѫ̸ˣͳΪѪ̵̳ʹˡ
ԲܹסѪ̵Ѫ̵ĳԱ
Ʒڷ֮Уûע⵽ߣһЩѪ̵ĳԱע⵽˳ƷߣƷɽͼĿռ֮УһζҲֻԼۻˣˡ
أԽ棬ƷȻһ޴ޱȵѪأѪ֮нˣЩˣһո뿪ЩȫƯУϲѪͬʱǵϲ˹ӣӪԣЩװõôΪˣҪȡЩϵѪ
Щÿһ˶ĿͣѾժȡ˶Ҷֲˣû˿ֱ
ǳƷһ޴Ѫصпģ˱У˵ԶԶĳƷܹٵѪصӰӡ
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Щ֪жЩѪ̽ͽУһЩѪ̽ͽͳͳһ޹
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Ʒһ·˳룬ʱ֮һ޴ޱȣ̻Ի͵Ĺ滹мѪ̽ͽפأҲסƷһһͳͳǽˡ
Ʒ߽һ֮Уȴ뻹һ޴ޱȵѪأѪؾȻһԡأҲ˵ǸѪ̽ÿնҪݣֶμֱޱȵĲ̡
ܹõһЩ֫ϷӿðһɹɵݣˮտһһŨصѪζļˡ
ʱѪصϷȻһž޴ޱȵͼͼ·һεͼӡ
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ƷʱˣѪسƽʱǸѪ̵Ľ֮⣬ҪĹܾǼͼˡ
һͼǳֽҲһƬѪɫѪرӡһһͼϣ̻һӰӦһüĿߣüĿȴȻһӱ˶ħɫױ˴˵еĶħ¼ˡ
һĻŵʵļ䣬Ʒʱˣʲôˡ
һͼһûв´ĻӦĳһһӡУ߶һĻܹٻһΪá
ⱾҲһּΪķͣﶼִķҲǷǳģʼ֮Ҳвַ


458 ͻƣأ
ַǳ࣬ڳŴҲϡ棬ϧִͷǳϡˣΪκηķ֣ܹ䶯
οֺгŴķأҲ֪ôģ䵽Ѫ̽ˣагͻԸûа취߶
Ҳ֪Ķİ취Ȼôһ˵ľѪԹֱӽȾˣа֮ȻͿֱΪˡ
뵽ƷһжˣΪʲôѪ̻ð֮踣Ȼȥˡ
Ҫа϶Ҫ˵ľѪƽʱҪãǸܵ飬ĮȻ࣬ǸӲӣԲʲô֮Ҫɱ䣬㹻ľѪǾûпܵ飬ҲΪˣѪ̽Żð̽ˡ
ԭΪôһаа͵ʮˣʮ˾ӱ¾һգѪ̵ֱֶ̣֮
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ܣҪԽ쾳ˣ
Ʒɴ۾ӵܣ϶Ҫͨľ硣
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뵽Ʒһѽħ˼ͼᵽУҪյʼ֮ķŽ
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أʱ򣬳ƷԺ֮УһӰ˳һӰ޷ΰ󣬷·ؼΨһףݣȴһؼΪΰӰ
ϹâȻţǧһ̴޴ĶħɲǼ䣬ħҽţѾˣֱˣȻ󻯳һΪһѪɫ
ȻһѪɫһӿһӰϣһСֱӿ˳Ʒ֮С
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ղһΰӰƷ˺ܶ࣬һԶһλˣǸղŶ̶̵ʱ䣬ƷҲϢ
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Ǳһħ̼ˣҲԻ
ֻԻһΰӰػ񣬾ѾʱܵĴˣһѪɫʵһħ붼ˡ
һ֣ǱƷˣȻֻһСֶѣǳƷǸо˱ȻڷȥһѪɫҲ֪˶پѪľγɵģֱӻ˿ֲӿ˳Ʒ֮С
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ƷϵϢƲס֪Ҫͻˡ
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ⱾһɼΪаǾĴĥ֮󣬾ֻʣؼΪ
һʱ̵Ĺ򣬳ƷоԼѾͻƵ˺۷ˣһǸ񣬱Լ޵ĻҪӵ
һѪɫûĴųƷźزϳȥ
һȦһȦһȦһȦƷǺصľҲεĳ֮󣬺ݺͻԵɵľ硣
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459 ǰδеĵ
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ȻֻǺСһֱˣȴͻˣ֪ȫյĻһ١
ϧ͸޷ȥĻǿнΪȥҲֻѡ
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ײΰһаȻƷҲΪһʮƶɵа֮ãǲظȻаҲÿ˭ϣڳƷϣƷа;ϵġ
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ȥĻʣʱڣˮƽᱩһΣɲǽȥһܹᲢ۵ġ
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460 նѪ̽
Ʒ֪ӦǱ˵ģȻǺ۷壬Ѫ̽Ͼˣһٶִ֮꣬УҲǲˡ
ܹΪһѧȷʵ۷ĸ֣ǰǶԺˣڣҲǲСʵ
˱Ͼˣȭ׳ܿ϶ûа취ȵġ
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˸ӳֻ´ʱѾˣƴ棬֪ȫƵѪ̸ֲ˶á
Ҳֻʱ⣬ȻʱѾ뵽³ˣڣֻҪһаħ˼ͼɣܹӵпͨʵʲô磬ټļĮ֮УͨʵŵϺŵǿڡ
ʱѪҲܹΪҲûа취ԵȻˣԻ͵ĳɾȣһʧʲôأֻû뵽ıô졣
һֲħ˼ͼӦѾˣҪħ˼ͼȻӵһεĵطˣֻҪƻָˣܹƾħ˼ͼһͻƵ쾳硣
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ܹͻ쾳磬пһٽ꣬еϣħ˼ͼϣħ˼ͼʧ˵ǶĴ֪
ܿ컹ǷӦ˹ʱɲǼƽЩʱȷ˹ΧѾû˱֮ҲֻηˣʱпɱʱѾǺܶˡ
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Ʒ̾ϳˣһĵرΪѪԪ֮˵⣬ΪĵرǲģֻޱߵѪ֮С
ڵʵļ֮ҲѪԪļأֻһ˵ѪԪĵطһϵսﾭɱûмʱĻͻΪһĽأ
ͬģֵֻطпܵѪԪѪԪϲŻͬѪԪ
ѪԪãֻһ˵ʵܶĵҩҪЧĶˡ
ȻѪ̽ڹǺɵɱ¾һΪȾħ˼ͼ֮һаһ֣ӦþѪԪˡ
ΪѪԪɳףһҪ൱ʱ䣬пܳɳ˵ҪǾ͸Ҫ˵ľѪ࣬пˡ
Ҳ˵Ҳ֪ɱ¾˶ˣγһѪԪѪԪ֮󣬲ſԴԴϵĲѪԪʱѪ̽ʵܹϵ
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棬Ѫֱ̽ƻѪԪȻöѪԪժҪ׼ߡ
ѹûд㽫ѪԪ棬ֻȳˣЩѪԪܹͻƵ쾳磬֮ǰĺͼҵѾûʲôϣˣֻͻƵ쾳ʵʵġ
ͻƵ쾳磬ܿҪԪľ
Ҫߵʱȴһھ޴ޱȵؽֱӴ֮ƾճһӣ˲նѪ̽Ѫ̽ҲһûС
ʵȻǿϾˣһûУֱӾͱƷնУԴɳȥ


461 ѪĻ
һͽѪ̽ɱˣǸѪ̽ȫ޷ţôԼӱɱˣ޷š
ͻĹ̫ˣֻüһĨâȻѾ׷ˡ
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ѰѧᲢȱΨΪҪġ
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ƷվһϿһĻֻԶԶһۣȻת뿪
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ͻˣôǰ죬ܾǽʰˣ˵ҲκѪ̽һʼֻǱ˲ٿصĿܶѡ
ΪѪԪЧ󻰣Ʒ㽫ѪԪƳѪԪڵʼһֵѪԪģܹǿѪԪЧ
ҪѪԪѪԪֻҪһҩѣҪศҩȫпƳѪԪ
⼸죬ٿϲѯ󲿷ֵĸҩѾ˶ˣлһҩҩϹ򲻵


462 һ£ɽ
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ЩǮƷһ㶼ۣǮȥҲֻһֶѣǿʵҪġ
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ЩҲͳͳǳƷĿ꣬ģƷķɱ¾ҲڼĮ֮д˲СЩÿһ޷ĿͽôԸӳһ
˼ζ֯˷ˣƷҲ⵽˺üΣÿһζʮľ棬ҪɽͼĿռ䣬ֻ¸ûѵĻᡣ
ҲΪɽͼԳƷΧɱ˵ЩĥõֶΡ
Ķǽ꣬ǾзǳֶΣܹ׷ϵϣǳԽ
һµʱ䣬ε֣һãֿʼɱ
ҲΪˣǶ̶һµʱ䣬ǵѾȹ֮ǰյǶħѪɫͻƵľ磬һ״ﵽ˺۷壬սȻҲͻͽصĸ֣Ա
Ѱصĸ֣ж赲סս֮ǰһϡ
һգĮԵһ޴ޱȵɽɽµһСУӭһԼĪʮ˾ģĺˡ
ֻ˵ıһھ޴ޱȣҲľ޽
޽һһӡֵ߽СС
˲ǱˣǿһµĳƷǣһǰȣ˵˲ٵı仯ĸӵĳȣĲֻʵϵı仯
һɽΪɽУǰɽɳ
ҲǳƷеĿĵأһµʱ䣬óƷĥڵõ޲ݵϢ
ϸϢ˵ɽɽ֮޲ݣһ˴ŵλá
õ˾Ϣ֮󣬳Ʒٶȸ˹һС򣬾ɽΨһһŵСӦ˵СΪɽģԶıԵ֮أҲвٵӶźػ߳ûطɱеȡǮơ
ĵҲ˲Ŀע⣬ȻҳûΣ֮أҲ֤˺ܶ顣
ˣˣҩڵǰɽļˣΪֹ߿ǰӦƸֻ۷ΪߣΪֹ
ոսС֮Уأǰ͵Ĺ㲥оʹһļƷĿ˹ȥ
ͬʱҲһģ׷׳Դظȥ


463 ҩڣ
Ʒ˳һС룬ȴ룬һ°ɫ۵Ů롣
ӦþҩڵĵˣƷٿϿҩڵļأҩҲڳŴַϽɵġ
ƷԺ֮еʵļ֮ҲйҩڵļأڵʱҩҲһǳš
ڻڳŴַϽɵҩں͵ȣž޴Ĳġ
ڵҩԼԼפأΪֱӼ̳˳Ŵ֮ҩڵţԼĻɽ󣬾޳Ҳûа취塣
һȽ϶ҩڵĵƽ϶ĵҩ뻹չˣǱҲӴһײԸҩڡ
дţҲҩѧϰ֪жôӴӰˡ
⼸ҩڵĵҲżεĽɫȻûа취ѧѧᲢˣƫԶ֮أҩڵʵӰ൱ɹ۵ġ
⼸ҩڵĵӵУһŮΪףŮԼĪŶʮ£ϸ毺á
ǸԼĪͬҩڵĵӣҲԼĪǶʮģ
Щҩڵĵ֮⣬һȺԼĪʮҵӶЩӶԲʷΪ뺷ÿһ϶żΪǿϢȻһġ
ܿ죬˾ΪƷˣӶΪսӶţǱһ֧Ӷ˾
ӶһԼĪŶʮ߰ΪֽɫɢǿϢȴܹסȫ
֣Ʒ̾жϣΪھеԶûа취жϳ
Ӷ൱֮ߣҲأձ鶼۷ңлܹ֪ü켶ĸǱС
ѹܹΪصĵһӶţȷʵӵй˵ĵ̡
ȻսӶѾҩڵĵӸӶˣҲڳ£ЩҩڵĵȻӵвСҲӴ󣬵սͲǿˣʱ򣬹Ӷһ֧ӶűԼҲڷǳ顣
ȻսӶţҩڵ⼸ȻڴˣҪӶˣϾɽ֮Ѳ⣬Խ࣬ҲԽǰȫ
ҲôģܶҲɽԼǹƥɽΣճ̶̫ˣҲһ֧֮С
սӶһӸļ֣ղŵĹ㲥ġ
ʱѾһȺΧסˣ㡣
λսӶѾҩڵĵӹӶˣҲ֪ɽ֮УΣĪ⣬ǻҪӶһЩ֣յı׼۷壬ߺ켶ĸ֣߶ǰ˵һˣǸıǣÿʮ򣡡
ҪҿĻҪôշѣʱ򣬼ʵȽϲӶ˵Ȼ֪Լǹ׼ˣҲҪ룬Ҫҿһ֧֮ˡ
ҿĻÿʮʳ
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Ʒˣе⵹һֺ⣬ȻҪֵļ۸񲻷ƣҪ룬ҿһ֧֮£ÿ˶ҪʮôǵûʲôģܹĶ׬ء
ⲻһʱ䣬ѾϰҪҿһ֧鵱ˡ
ͬʱҲʮ۷ĸվ˳˹Ӷ
룬Ʒվ˳˵һҽܹӶ
ƷһʮСӾȻҲվʱЩӶǷ׷׽
ʲôЩСӣһô
СëӣǴİɣ㻹֪ɽжôΣհɣṵ̂ɣϽȥ̰ɣ
ƾҲ׬ǮûҪ۷ϵô
ЩӶЦ
Ʒ΢΢Цһ˵Ҫô֤ʵأ
Сֵܣɣܼ򵥣Ҳպ۷ΪֻҪܹȭҾ룬ΣʱǸļӿ˵
ãû⣡
Ʒ˵ͷ
ȻأǸ˲ͳˣһȭջ֮УȻȻһȭݺݺ˳ȥ
¡¡һȭȻһƬһΪȭȭһȭƴٶޱȣͬΪ۷߶ѽס
ȭһɲǼ䣬Ʒֱֱ̧ۣһȭȭֱӺ䵽˳Ʒϣȴȫȫ˿


464 죬ɽ
һ˵ʵֻһ˲ˣһоѾˣ
˫ѾˣƬ֮䣬Ѿ˽ˡ
Ҳһ˹ƣûм
ƷŸոһжѣôô
ˣֻΪ˽ˮѣղһȭѾˣСֵ۷ʵҲͲüˣӺЦ˵
ʱ˲ڷӦ˹ղųƷȵģһӵסǸ۷ӵĹ˿ӵʵȷʵǿ
ǳƷʮ˾ģȻܹӿֲʵ
ѵʮУѧô
Ҳһʲôӵܰɣ
˱˰ôСȻѾ۷Ϊˣ˵ò˶þܹ쾳ˣ
ɵޱƵ˵
Ƕǳʮʱ䣬ŲֻѣȻȷʵһǺˡ
Ȼͨ˿飬ƷҲͼʱĶ֮Уָ˶У˶һЩ
Ʒһߵһǽǣһ߹۲ˣһĬĬתʼץÿһÿһʱϻڼĮÿʱÿ̶ҪϵĿ塣
֮еҲ൱صģĻʼս壬ָڳˣֻҲǸֲסġ
Ŀڳ֮ѲһҪɽУп֮֮࣬УΪĻҪսӶţͬʱҲѵأˣ࣬ʵϣȴǱȽϻҵġ
Щ֮⣬ҩǼӱȽעĿˣǾǼҩڵĵӹֵֹģǸΪ׵Ů֮⣬˶ֵġ
˵̸֮УҲ֪ˣǸҩڵŮֽ硣
ȻоеŹ֣ܵ˵ϵĿҲǽɽҵ޲ݣʱѪԪôʵӭһͻơ
ɽ֮мΪΣգдٿϵĽ飬ں쾳磬òҪУǺ֣ҲòҪǹƥĽУΣϵߡ
ŻѡУȻԼģһͬУΣܻСĶˡ
ܿ죬һ֧Ϳˣŷɽȥ˷ɽΧ֮˵ĻѾٵĶˣǶʼɽΧ֮ڣҲ˵ûоģĿԷɽ֮УǱǿޱȵޣ︽޳ûǲĿ¡
֮Щҩڵĵӻкܶҿ˾ͿʼѰ˸ָҩݡ
սӶŻǳƷӶˣΧŷ磬ⱻʲôǿ޸ͻϮˡ
ƷҲ߶ŷ磬ͬʱҲڲѲѰ޲ݡ
һ·ŷɽȥÿһʱ䣬Ҫͣһʱҩڵĵӵ˲ҩ
ƷһֱߣΪľķΧսӶŶԴҲԣΧŷ磬ٺûеˡ
һ·˷ɽĿˣôӴĶ飬ϵľӢһе޵ȻҿһЩȺӵȺķʽͻϮ
ǽȥСʱʱ䣬һ֧Ѿ˺üˣһЩصĺޣǱڵصµޣйԷֱ޵ȵȡ
ǼСʱʱ䣬Ѿг˼ˡ
ƷҲһ޵ͻϮƷȴǲŲæľͽһֻ޸նɱˡ
ҲЩӶһֹĿ࿴ĸоҲûмһЩӵܣֻЩһ۾ߵͷȥˣȻʵǿ󣬵ʵսȴǺܲġ
һЩͻ־һЩæҵ˾ͱҲûпܵġ
ǳƷֳȴȫһսӣɲǼ䣬ѾնɱһͷڵͻϮޡ
ųӵܰ
ƷҲúЦЩֿųӵܣһ˱ֳɫᱻΪӵܡ
ƷҲЩˣֻǸŶǰ
ʱƣЩջҩҲԽԽ࣬Ȼ;ǱҲԽԽ࣬Щ޻϶սӶŴˣЭ飬·ϻеޣǵսƷ
ϾҲΪŻġ
һ·ͣͣһתۣʱȥˡ


465 ޲ݵ֣ͻ
ʱ䣬Ѿ뵽˷ɽˣҲʼǰˡ
һʼɱޣ˿Ӧ˵ģԽĽɽðǵҲԽԽǿˡ
ǳȺӵĳ֣ʱҲԽԽ󣬵ʱѾԱʮˣϲǵˣսӶõֱ˷ɽ֮С
Ҳûʲô˼˵ˣֻĬĬ£նɱޣ߲ɼҩݣԽǽɽҩҲԽ
вһͼֵʮϣҩĵļ۸Ӹ߲£ûɵģԼЩҩĵļ۸񣬶ҩǼӵģ޵ʬսӶš
ǳƷɢûʸϷֵģЩҿ˵ǿȥժǶҪҩڵĵѡſԡ
˭ֻǹҿء
ƷԴҲǲ⣬ģҲֻ޲ݶѡ
һҹƷչ˿ʼΧɭ֮޲ݣλѾ֮ǰϵõǸַǳӽˡ
һ·ңƷΪǰûʲô̫ջʱأȴһɫҩݳһô֮£Ʒʱֻǰһ
ҵˣ
һɫҩݣ޲ݡ
ƷϲæһɫҩժȻ·ɽͼĿռ֮С
һ˷ɽ֮УҲǹԲˣȵһ磬ͿֱӴˣʲôķҲν顣
Ȼ˶֮УЩ֮УҲϰ˳Ʒҹĳûˣÿ϶ܣֻҪƷԼôҲ˶ȥʡ
Ʒ۾£ȴ뿪ؾʱأʱ򣬿Ʈһ㣬ɲǼ䣬Ʒһ۾
ж
Ʒɫ̶ֳȵĶ޷κε˻ʼսһ׶εĳƷոĶһ˲ͻ͸Ƥų
һţ϶ڼµĶеҲ׷׷˲ԣǴʱѾûжˣȫǱһ
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˶оȫˣ⵽ӵİ㶼ʼ׷׽
ʱսӶŵĳԱ׷վһ㶼ûܵӰ죬ʱҲˣԭ¶˾ȻսӶš
˶ĿսӶţ֪ôΪʲô
磬ôҩڵıɣ
ʱһҩڵĵؿڣ˵
磬սӶŵų
ܹųȥ˵ɣų˵ˣǶ̧ȥҪץʱ䣬Բ֮ҹɱʱڴ֮ǰԺɾûлˣ
ܿ죬˶ʼЩսӶŵ˰ᶯƷҲĬЩսӶŵ˸ܿƷ˾ͱᵽһ޴ޱȵĺУԶԶţһзԲϰɫҫ֮£һԵˮ⡣
־ľɫʱȴһɭȻĸоÿ˶оԼ󱳲ϵķ䡣
ȫɱˣѪǸ
̵Ŀ˵
Ҳ٣磬㲻ú
սӶԺҲˣ
Ҳڣ
Щһʱͷ׷ױŭ
أ
ͳǹֱһǹһֵ׵˸С
Ҳ٣
춯֣һսӶŵҲǷ׷׿ʼ
ʱأǼҩڵĵͻȻһӱѣһ˲նɱ˼սӶŵˣȻʼźȥΪһߣȫսӶŵˡ
ݣǣ
״ŭ˵
ɲǼ䣬ЩսӶŵ˶ʼ׷ͳսӶӶţÿһ϶ǴȱģɲǼ䣬Ʒ籩һǼҩڵĵӺɨȥڴʱǼҩڵĵӾȻȫ嵲סЩ꣬籣С
ϴŵ·ҲɲǼ䣬ͱϡãȻ¶н塣
ݣȻǿܣ
Ҳڷ˲ˣһ׷
ʱսӶ֮еļַ׷׷Ӷ׷˳ȥ
ƷһҲһĻףΪʲô֮ǰ;ǼҩڵĵӹֵֹˣԭͲˣǿܣǸҲǵ֮Ȼܰʦֵܵӣʵѹͷβֻһˡ
ʱҲûʱǣؽ˲֡
ͣ
һսӶŵĳԱҪԳƷ֣ͱһԴ


466 ս
Ʒһͦ˾վеľؽ趯γһµķ籩ɲǼ䣬Ѿɨˡ
ͣ
ͣ
ͣ
ļսӶŸûƷͻȻѣһ׼ûУ赲סͱɱˡ
ǵʵͳƷȣҲԶ
Ը赲סƷ
Ʒնɱ⼸սӶŵӶ֮Ҳûκͣһ޴ĺɱȥ
ֻЩӶŵĳԱĻƷ£ȱóƷɵġ
书ٸҲ²˵ⲻһЦʵµǻۣЩ߿Ƽǻ۵Ľᾧ
ΪʲôܹͳޱߵĵطףʵΪƿͨҲܹʹõĸ߿Ƽʲô˸ҽаֱǹ죬죬ͨǿߣûʲô⣬޷ǾҪҪķѴж١
Ŀǰķչ˵Ȼǿ䲢أʵϣռߵĻǿѧ
ҪһֿҪʮʱ䣬һֵܹĸ߶˻׿ֻҪСʱֻҪԴ㹻ܹԴԴϵĲ
ִµĵط
أ
أ
أ
սӶŵӶڷʱҲĳųƷȥ
ЩսӶŵĸ֣ÿһսǹҲǼΪ׼ģȴвʩչɾűӰĳƷÿÿֻܴӳƷȥֱӾ˳ƷӰС
֣ҲǸˣֱֵʱȫ˳ƷÿÿһԤ֪ǱһĶ
Ƭ֮䣬ƷѾܵ˺ˮˣڰ߶սӶŵˣȥĻֻºܿͻᱻɸӡ
ȻǿߵԤ֪Ͼ˵ܹӵǰǲ̫ӵ޹վּĽ꣬ٺõҲᱻַ˺ѳΪƬ
ΪܵĵطûС
ʱ翴˳ƷȻҲˣʱҲǱŭֱӴһһͲ
ֹģӶܹͨŪȽϴˣĸ߼ľ֮УܹŪõԼзȻսӶСûֿԵġ
ĻһŻˣ
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һ죬ͲĻˣֱѸײڶ֮ƳųƷ˹
ݣ
ƷҲɵðһʱѾˣû¶ǵҪֲܹ顣
ʱԺ֮һʶһ֮УѾĻ
еľؽҲһ˲ն˳ȥݺն
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һͽΧסˣһս˲䱬ˣȻʵҲǸոմﵽ۷ѣŵļܣȻк켶ʵһʱ䣬涼
ʱɽͼĿռ֮УƷڲϵϢţϵ·Ѿ׺ˣŴСС˿ڡ
ʱ˻ʼս壬ϻҲľؽնƣĻֱӾʬ޴ˡ
Щķǳ죬ǱϾѪ֮Ѫ֮ͺѺǹڿ⡣
Ȼɻʼս֮ҲͬĸҪǿĶˣĺ֣ڹؼʱ򣬷Ӧˣһᱻը
ڻǿ쾳Ļֹκεң̶ֳȵĹҵĻƲˣ
Ʒִ֪Ƽܿ£٣Ϊڵʵļ֮۷ǿǲ۷塣
ǿ˺񷣬أǳƷΪ֮ǿ
ˮƽƷԺ֮гŴĳ̶ȻǲԶÿһ춼ˢԼޣÿһ춼иǿ˵һֳŴĻԻͣǸʱӻԻ͡
΢һ£ƷϵҲ𽥺תȻֻܷ࣬ӳƽʱ˳ɵʵҲˡ
ʱսҲѾ뵽˰ȻĽ׶ΣǸҩڵ粢óսǱϾпܻս˳źȥ
ڰϣЩѾսӶ¾һգѪζˮ֮ϣڴʱƷһ޴ĺӰں˳


467 ۷
Ʒ̾ͷӦ˹޴ĺӰܾܿսӶҪԸĶսӶɱôˣžΪôһɡ
һӰԽԽ󣬲Ƭ֮䣬ѾԽˮ棬¹֮£¶ӴΣǱģֲˣȻһʮɵľߡ
ҿ
ƷҲɵúôһ䣬Ȼ޵ձͨҪĶˣֳʮ׵Ȼĳ֣ǼΪ˵ġ
һ޴ޱȵĴߣͨ鲼һɫƬÿһƬƬ¹ɢһֵĹâһ˫޴ޱȵͫſ¼ˡ
ҪǣƷȻһߵϿͷͻǣϣȻҲб˵СĶצӡ
Ҫˣ
Ʒʱˣʣһڻԣ˵ϾҪˡ
һ߿ֲˣҪ£ĵʦԴҲһ߿ֲġ
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ѪһһĴͻƵͨʱ򣬾ͻлԣǸʱ򣬾ͻΪһʵԽԽǿδлԵпܻΪ
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һȻѾ۷ľ磬ֻͬ˵Ϣ˵Դ󶼱һ߲ԶˣҲδأǿǻֶۣΣҲδûһս֮
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𣡡
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ʱ򣬳ƷſսӶŵֶΣҲ֪ƾʲôҶһ۷޶֡
ԶԶһö˹ȻֱӺһߡ
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ǵս˵ЩһﵽĶŪĶ
ƷĢƾˣ϶ǵս˵ȻսӶŵŪֶŸսһ켶Ĺ
һ켶߱ս˵ֱӺһһָĺ˵ûй˵ôȾҲסˣԵЯ
ھʷϿֵս˵ĵ˵ֱŻʱãΪֵս˵ĵҲζŵڰʱһǿ߾͸ҽаʱڹȥˡ
һĺ˵̫󣬶һΪƽأҲ׶ãս˵ͲһˣͷΧᱻ޶ϰףʮ֮ڡ
ƽ˺ڰʱֶһҲֻо֮еľӢܹӵУÿһöս˵бţײŶԡ
Ҳ֪սӶôŪģڲǳƷǵķΧȻףһ۷ϾҪԵĴߵжôļֵ
Ѫ⣬Ƥǣļֵɲ֮ǰƷɱһβܹᲢ۵ġ
սӶȻСһ۷ĴߣȻֵս˵ԺɱǿߣһʵɱѰǿҪǿϲֹʮ
˵ֱӽһߵѪһƬһ֣ǽµĸ֣Ҳˣһ޴Ĵ߲ûҿʼıˡ
޴ʹĳɱ˹
սӶŵ˲Ǿһߵķ񹥻ȻûзǿʼĽкȥ
սˣܿ˻˰ߣЩƽʱǲƿɫƬģһöս˵Ѿ߸ˣǵĹȫ˿ȥˣֱӽߵѪһƬģ
ܿ죬ֲֿĹһ˲й˿
Ʒɽͼ֮УĬĬ۲һУע⵽类޴ˮ֮󣬷ԭأܿͲˡ
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ҾҲûбҪȹעФ˵
ֻһСѣȻûʲôùעģҪǣɻֻһ֯Ҫ̵ʱλõİ취ǽкܶᣬҲȻк֧ܶңɵ˵ͷ˵ڽ¶һε峤ҲƾʲôûʸѾѧ᳤ӰѾô׷
Ф˵ͷѾǧһ˲ˣֻϧĶ̫ǿˣ˵ѧУһҲΪ
Ҫ׼۵ᣬ߿״Ԫս˶ƣǲһʱʤѣһӣһε۵ᣬһҪھûǱȸ߿״ԪߵĹھʱҲܺͽƽƽ
ɵͷ˵ʱҲЩϼһǹĿ࿴ҿɲֻһҽҲǿҲС꣬Ժỹأ
ڽڲԼҰĵʱ򣬳ƷʱҲѾ߽ɻĴ֮ˣʱƽĴУѾʮɻѧƷΧסˣЩѧսףԴȻǽƷ˴Դˡ
Щѧÿһأǰأصѧһĺ֣һʮѧҲһͷƤĸо
ЩѧУΪ׵ȴһԼĪŶʮģ꣬űѧҪһЩΪҲǿģѾȿ˺쾳硣
ʱڳƷɳһͷƤĸо


474 ɻᣨУ
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475 ɻᣨ£
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˶ɵˣʹ۾϶Լˣ𶦺ôҲǶ꼶ĺ֣
ڴһ˵ҲǺܳˣܽܽ𶦲ǳƷĶ֣ǲܽܽܵľ档
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ôǿʵ֮ǰ߿ôܲô࣡
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˲ը˹ڳƷɳҲе±ˣԭƷס𶦣óƷȥҽɣ˭֪ƷһжѾͽɱ
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ɳҲֻǱĳôһ仰ȻųƷӰɻ֮С
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ƷǴɵɵһҲڳƷҪдԵʱȴƷͻȻֽסһ

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أ
һ֮ҷ˲䵹˳ȥݺ䵽˵ϣһ죬һҽУǳƷɳҲܹó϶۵Ҫ
ʱоԲģû̫໰ĳƷµģΪʱĳƷĸоǻɽ緢֮ǰɽ¥ĸоеŭҪ֮Żȫ
ƷĿֲҲɴ˿ɼһ㣬˵֮ǰչ˳ƷױȵٶȣôھǴ档
һҷͱعǣڵϸ
ѹֶӳҶҽˣʱ䣬ӳʵֱ˱Ե
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ƷҲҷ࣬ҷһڽ𳤹ųȣսǾͽһ䷿䡣
ѧȻѾٶȸ˹ˣҲֻҷڵϲҽаӰ


476 һ·ɱ
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ʱڣҲֻˣһʶɣһФ
˿Ž˲ҷ࣬ǳƷʱм𾪣Ϊҷ뿪Ҳֻж̶ʱѡ
ڣƷѾ˵ʲô˵ҷѾսˣ˳Ʒ¡
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ߵǲˣ΢΢һЦ˵ȫȫǸ߸ϵӣĳƷ
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ФЦһ˲ͳɳ˹ȥϣһ˫˫һγ쫷磬˲ͽɳֽС
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ײФѾ׽ɳѹˣɳǿ˺أФѾǺ۷壬ʵ֮ǰҷ࣬ɳܹԸ˵ġ
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޴ĽФе˫˲ͱ˳ȥƶȫը˿һƬѪͨ죬ڱѡ
ƷĹâȴȥƲФʱѾûа취ֿˣ˫۶ʼҵĲ
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ФҲѾƷɨˣɲǼͱɨ˳ȥֱײһԵǽϣȻ
㡭ɿųƷϣһɾ˵ŭӿ
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ʱɳҲˣΪʲôƷ˵ʮӵʱ乻ˣӳƷ뿪ʼŻ˼ӵʱ䡣
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477 ѧὭ
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ֲһһϯһ˲䣬Ǻ޾ս֮ϡ
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ƷǼ򵥵еڽ𳤹
ˣһƽһֻǼ򵥵ʽѣڳƷУȴĪ

ɵѪ˲ͱסˣ޷ǰһ
ͬʱƷԺ֮У˹ڻϣȻѧȻҲ㲻ܣʲô˶Կġ
ƷǹĿֱӾͼˣֻ֮ǰʹöѣҪôȻҲǷǳɵ顣
ϻܵ˳ƷԺ֮УԺеһöͷ߲ʵĹâЩȻûһˣǰʩչһĻĻ˲ӡԺ֮С


478 һٱٵѧ
Щĺܿ죬Ƕ̶̵ʱ䣬ѾȫˣڳƷԺ֮˺öһ
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죡
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һ˲ƶһǿҵĺ⣬˲Ѿն˳Ʒǰ
ʱ򣬳Ʒ˲ͳˣӦ˵еĳˣֻǼ򵥵Ȼ䣬һ

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Ϊٶȹ죬©ٳֻҪٶȹ죬ܹʱȻ
ԿȻƷ֮к·ƫƫǿġ
ƷһûѧӷȻûʲô⣬ҪܽҲǲܵģʵ̫©ٳˣ
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ָ̾ųƷʱ˲ŷֳƷֵĹѾ˺ܶ࣬ȻвٵҲѾʱǰˣеܹȫʩչ
ŽֵĳƷԽԽ٣ŲǶ̶ӵѡ
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ǶЩˣֻǻѧҪӳѧңЩ˶ѰеţҲҪһϵʱпܣƷǻӶѡ
ųƷԽԽ٣ڳƷеĹָһֱӽ¯ĵزеʽʩչѾûκεĽӲ෴ģʮֵᣬѾոһյµʱһ
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479 ٳͻƣ᲻
Ѿڶ̶ʱͻƵ¯ĵزҲζѾԽ뵽ʵսĽ׶Ρ
֮ǰƷķػ϶˵ǣǿűȽɸǿǿԽɡ
似ڵĿģʵһŴһĳ̶ٶ࣬ҲĻʵżĹϵ
ƷһЦɣϷΪֹˣ㲻˵òôǾ㿴
䣡
Ʒ˲֣еڽ𳤹ɲǼ䣬Ѿɨ˽ˡ
ڳƷĶ棬һ㶼ҵģԭǲƷϵģԼ˵ģȻѧѧǱ˴֮ʵȴһ󾳽硣
ͬѧѧͬһϵġ
һ֣ŷ֣֮ǰƶϸдġ
ƷʵͲҲֻǿֻƾһϤĻȻܹѷ֡
֮ǰеƶϴʱһЦʣųƷڹղϵѾ𽥱٣ܹϷһЩˡ
ôҲ벻ͨƷʵôôģҪ֪֮ǰѾǺ쾳ʱ򣬳ƷֻھȻѾ׷
Ҳֻк۷ѣˣѾǽ߿ǰˣƷôܱҪǿ
ˣѾˣҲԲ˵С
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ƷĳֱӽըˣֻǼ򵥵Ķȴ̺ſֲ

ݺѪϣֱ˿ֲĿ񳱡
ƷҲ֮ս˲Ŀǲòˣ޷ǵսľ
Ǵ󲿷ѧֻѣּսǰǼо±һ£пش
˼Ѿ֮սˣֻܿĹ֮л衣
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޺޺ޣɱɱɱ
ս񣬽ҲѾˣƷĹ̫£ڽ𳤹ҵֱ۷飬ҲǱƵĵز
ȫȫȻųƷϯĺԣѾʼӰǣѾԽ˼ޣӰˡ
ȥǼ߻ħˣһе£Խɵ־ܳӵƫƫƷĳִ֪ýɵңŻᱻޱߵĺӰ죬ơ
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Ʒƽ˵еĳٶȺݺϵѪһ˲˳ȥ
ʱ˲ſɵѾѪƤĳ˲֪ղŵײ֮нɵ׳ʲô
ٿƷʱ򣬶ʱ񶼺֮ǰȫһˣֿ񱩵սƷһֻųһȥȻ˴ܡ
˶ΪʤѶƷ϶Ҫʤʱ
䣡
ϵϢȻֳһ磬ĹȻޱߵĺĴ߶֮£ǿдӺ۷壬嵽˺ء
˶סˣսͻʮִ棬ܹˣ޼󲿷˵ͻƶˮĥһˮɣΪˣȻȥˡ
Ʒţ˲ˣɱӦþͿں۷һʱˣڣһսͻˡ
ǳƷҲԼȻ˽ΪͻƵĴ߻
Ʒˣİͻƣһ㳢Ŀ־壡
ɲЦڳڱƷѹƵ£ȻͻƣۿҪˣڰ಻סˣ˿Ц
֮ǰֳȺһоƿ֮еķȣ˵Ҳֻһʮˡ
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һӳųƷ˹ȻеսѾɳȥˣմѪ˫ֻһ˫ӥצֳųƷץ˹
ץˣᱻץ롣
ҪϮô
һѧովǻͳǺ˿סһ
ȴųƷ˹ĽɻûдƷһ˳Ȼһ˻Ȼɨ˳ȥ
һƺߣ嵹˳ȥһһɨ˳ȥݺݵ䵽˵ϡ
ͻϮ˲ܣֻһ֮


480 ɱӺ
˶סˣ涼е޷ˣһʼǶΪԽɵʵҪʰƷ£˭֪ȴȫߵġ
ȴǽɱƷһͨ󣬽ͻȻͻƣ˾ãҪϮˡ
쾳磬ÿһСͻƣʵܹвС
Ǽͻ֮ʵ˲СĽԳƷʱ򣬻ֱӱˡ
δüʵѾҰˣ
ƷֻĿŽɣ֮ǰոͻƵ˺أսѰضĶֻ֣»ܱɸˡ
Ȼ˵ĶǽǽɵʵȻҲǲǱֻҲδػڽҾĽɡ
ʵܶ˵츳޼õԴϣͻᵼ˵ķչԶ
ĺôҲˣԶԶѰܹȵϵԴֻ֤ҪǸ׳գҲѰеľӢ
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Ʒ˵ţˣ˵Ҳ֪ǵж˵ſҵùҲܹƽ˭ңұȻٱȥ߲ȵ͵˶Ҳõû
˶ˣƷھǣø߿һ֮еĵ˵ĽɾȻֻɱӺļ˶û뵽顣
һνı飬ΪûȥȳƷͽὭңһ˵¶˷ŭ飬ΪȷʵйƵ뷨ƷĻҲһݺݵİƣݺݵ䵽ǵϣֻžž졣
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Ʒ΢΢һеڽ𳤹ǺݺݵȻֱҶ˽ɵ˫ȡ
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Χ۵ѧһĻɵõһ˵־Ͷ֣ûһ˿һԥԽɺͽһȻƷû˿η壬෴ģ˺֣һˣǵĻֻ³ҡ
ˣҪˣ
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Χ۶ɿΧĹ߶ŤˣΧĿը
˵ʱʱ죬һƾѾ˳Ʒͷ­
ƷӦҲеڽ𳤹˲䵲ȥ

һ޴һһըѣ˳


481 ίԱVSѧ
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Ʒ˺ü֮ȫסΣȻٿˣ˲Ǳˣѧһ᳤档
ܻǵһμƷƷǵһμ᳤֮ǰѾغһˣֻԼ֪ѡ
Ȼǿ
ֻǼ򵥵һƾͽڽ𳤹ĳƷˣȻƷҲֻǵųѣûȫӳȫˣʵҲӹɵġ
˵Ѿѷɫڴ󲿷ֵĵʦˣȴ󲿷ֺ۷ĵʦҲˡ
ڳƷаԹʵʱҲڳƷʵղһƿǺִܲٵģֻԼ֪û֣ڲִ֮Ҳ˰˳ɵĹ
һĺ֣һƾԽˣɱǳƷֻǺ˼ȫжȥ
ûһǰ㱻˵ӣͺܼ򵥵סξˣֻһ۾ܹжϵĳƷʺǿӦ˵ǿײŶԡ
ڲƺеˣ
Ʒס֮󣬵˵
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ֻżһڽǶѣŶˣˣ
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δһ죬һĻͬϣƷǹģҪ뵽ŭģֱһѪֱ˹ȥ
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ϿȥĶţʵݶδɵһ˿һǵһ㣬ҲͲ˹֣ǵóƷǰδеŭˡ
ãããҵ棬ȻţҲ˫ȣŤ͵ѧУļίԱϴҲƷĻ׼ŭˡ
Ʒǰţֱǲ
棬ʲôʱȨµѧˣô֪
ʱһֻһɳۣݿʵƵ˳
Ҫǳҵô濴ʱһ˵
ĻƷʱ꣬ѵҲǳҵô
ίԱĴҲ˵ѧͳѧ֮飬ίԱרŴѧ֮ìܣԼΥɵȵĲš
ӣô̸ϰأ㲻ҪŤ͵ίԱôˣҲʡ˷ʱˣ΢΢һЦ˵
ߣ¶ܲˣĿų˵
ǼίԱĸίԱʲô¶ҹܲˣһЦ˵ѵҪίԱҿļ²Ҫſԣͼһ꼶ôƨ¶ţ
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ֻ˵߿ǰüֻӵĲôʼ˵ȻˣҲܲܣƷҷһ죬ɷ
Ʒλ˾ƫ̻
ʱŭģ˴ӣһˣҪϱ񴦳˸άѧУɣ
Ҳѵôѧ⼸ԽԽǼίԱ¶ȥˣ˵УҪǼίԱѧĹϽΧ֮ڣʱ΢΢ҿǳˣ֮ǰǿа˽ɵʱҲʮԪӽһɣȻѭҲǰоѣҪ͵УǶȥȥ˼һ᲻㣡
ãããҾͲǳܹһ죬ƣ
ǿŭ˵
ڶ䣬ȻƷ˵߰ɣߣҴȥؽȥ
Ʒųֱ뿪Ⱥ
ʱȺ֮ɲǼը˹һ˶ѧͼίԱȻĽ档


482 ȫУ
˶ʱȻˣǺܶŲǴһѧѣ˵ѧᣬǼίԱᣬǶǸ߸ϵȻ
ʱҲûʲôϵģǼȥˣҲֻһѰĳԱˣҪΪ¶֪Ҫá
ҪΪίԱ᳤ĴǻϾֻܿˣŬͿõġ
ϾŬʱҲŬ츳£µ㻹ҪŬʮ
ǾȻԵȻײѧͼίԱ֮Ľ档
ҲֻŹѣԭ򣬲Ϊ˫ְȨкܶ෽ƺصڽӹѧ֮󣬸ǿޱȣίԱ֮ĹϵҲǼתֱ¡
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ӳʧܵĽǳ׶һˣѧѧǰ
ͬʱҲúܶ˶ڳƷӡͿֱһ츲صı仯ԭ˶óƷҪսɣֱǲ֪飬ôһƷҲʲô֮Ҳδûʤ㡣
˵벻ǺܶǰջҰܣһʤ㶼ûеıѹʽĻܡ
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˹ս֮󣬳żЦЦ飬ųƷ˵
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ս飬ҲǿԵˣҲþûĺˣ֪ʲôô˵
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Щǻܹ㴦ģϾίԱǳҵĻ̣峤˰ɣһεļίԱίԱ˵
Ʒʱˣǽѧ֮Ӵ󣬳ͬҴȻҲһûУίԱǳѧ֮еĻ֮һ
ҿ˺ͦº͵ģ׺ޱȰ
˵Ļҿ϶ưոˣȻȲҲǽѵõ˲ˣʱ鷳Ÿոտʼأ
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֮ͰˣԿǼίԱѧĦͽɲֻһѣ˵
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ƷȴгΪӵӡ
һʱ䣬˵˵Ҳ̣ڳƷؽյһʱ֮УҲ˸췭ظͬϴνɽߺ־ˣ˵ˣߺ־Ҳֻѧ֮һѣǽȴͬѧУĿ֮Ǳö˫ȣ˶¼һӾ;ѧУ߲㡣


483 ƲóƷ
ѧУĸ߲㶼¼ˡ
ѧУĳһ޴Ļ֮УʱϰѧУĸ߲쵼
˽񴦳첻֮⣬иѧԺԺѧϵϵ쵼ȵȣ϶ѧУеֵĺպսɫһ
ЩѧУ쵼֮⣬һЩĵʦȻУ쵼ǵݣУ֮⣬ϺЩУ쵼Ҳƽƽġ
ǱΪЩУ쵼Ҳֻǿ
Щƽһ궼ѵͷһΣһȴΪһȫУĶ¼ۼһ
ȻЩʵֻкǰ󲿷˻϶ͶӰķʽͶӰǰ
첻ͻƵ۷ĹؼʱҽгȻֻΪƲһѧںҿЦô
ʱһչزĵʦɵÿ˵Ϊ졣
ЩʦҲãУ쵼ҲãΪ϶ǿһƿܾˣѵͻƵʱȻҪһ;ֱͻˣڱ첻˳ֻ3DͶӰķʽҲܲ졣
۷һؼѧУô쵼Ҳֻһ˿УһͨĸǷëǡ
ûսأʱҪͶһֵսʱҽйҪʲô
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ʲô˵ڱչصУʱ䲻Ǻܶ࣡
ʦѧУ쵼ƢǺܺãͻȻǼͷΪʲôĴҲˣȻΪƲһѧֱϷ
λҽλгȻǣȻΪʵ̫ˣǳѧеʦΪʲôѵΪԼô첻Ŀ˵Ѳ󡣡Ϊ˸ܹΪܶ˲ţеѧΪѧУҲˣȻ˵ȸˣ˵ʲô˵ѧѧѾܵĵزˣٲǿĻÿѧѧĻľͲĶ֮ˣͬǰڰʱ࣡
첻𣬾¶ҲֵרŰǽгжҼǵÿ궼һΰɣ
һԺϵ쵼ʵ
ûѧѧǾӢӢⶼǸ߰ģƽĦҵҲǴǸ͹ģʲôģȺܺҽθʲô£ϸߣû˾Ͳ£һʦ˵̫˽Щѧĵǵ겻ҲѧѧһҲǽޱȵǿһж
ڵҽѧ෢˶С¶һ㵼ʦҲһֻ۱һֻۣȥϾЩѧ˭ûʦѧ֮ĦǶС¶һʦĲΣǾǴˡ
˵ȵˣһ߿ĵأ첻Ŀ˵
һĸ߿ӡǽнɰɣǽҵѧɣ
û⼸˲űǰнȻðһɣ
ȻѾǵˣ˭ܴȣ÷ƣǶƣ
һʦʳ˺ܶʵ⣬ѾǸ߿ˣʲôע˽϶УĻУ޼֮Уλᡣ
Щ˵Ҳ֮ͬŵһѣͬ˵˵ǵҲΪ
һһǿҲʵôǿƵôܻᱻ˴ȡ
ʱƺеˣΪʲô첻ΪһС¶Ǹټ
ǣֻһѰĵӣֽгƷӿԴЩҲ˵֣ǰʱҵĵӽҪԼһǸ
첻𿪿˵
ԭҼǵˣǰʱ仹ֵķзɣȻ˸ȥһĵʦסаɣһʦʱˡ
һ¶ȻüˣǴ²ͬΪ뽭йϵǿƣѧ֮ѷ֣ʦЩˣҲû˸˵ԼܹѹסڵĽɡ
˵Ĺƣٹ꣬ܽʮ궼ܹƽƽڸпѧԽԽǿʱҲɵ˳עһԵϢ
ǰҲˣɣԭΪĸѧˣԼԭѧУԴˣҲûע⣬û뵽Ȼܹܽɣ
첻𣬰˵ĻɾͲѰѧ˰ɣܻܽɣһѧ㽫ҲϣҲŵǰʮϰɣ


484 £˭޳ɣ˭ԣ
ҿֹɣȻ⼸꺣ԽԽǿˣѧѧռͷһʦˣ˵
첻òƲѧɣͨѧƲҲƲˣּѧǵõȵУ˼ҳſ԰
һʦ˵ѧ֮У޼Ǿһ䣬ΪеʦУ쵼޼ѧǻѧѧʱ޼ѾѧУˣν¡
У˼ҸͲѧУҲڵ򣬶ҪսϣһʱҲز漰ĻܣҲùʣ
ûּѧҲ˽ԴɣһԺϵ쵼˵
ʱҲ첻˼һѧ첻¸ǵɣҲΨֶѧп첻𶼸о֡
Ȼ˵ô϶ҪϱУ˼ңν¼ȨУ˼ϵϣʮ궼ϵˣ¶ҲûзսĽҲ֪ģѵҪȵٴô첻˵
ȻƷͽ֮ԼҲƷϣȴвͬĿȻҲóƷܹвµҲ⣬̫ңԶˡ
νСʻ괬ȻôõĻᣬҪһƷ
һ֮Լ˭ں
ٺ٣Ҳ鵽˵˼Ķ
أһԺϵ쵼Ц˵ȻղѾѯˡ
˵µǽɴƷĻʼʼ֮еԱˣҷųԣ˭Ҽ룬˭ÿҪϾ˳Ʒ
˵ĿⶼԺϵ쵼ܶ˶֪ͽ첻൱˫֮ìҲһˡ
Ʒ֮ҲѹûѡϢˣǲôţʮ֮ɻᣬɻļԱ󽫣Ŀ֮½ɸˣѧḱ᳤潫ɵ˫ȴˣ
ѧе˼µǺܰԵǵɶû
һʦЦ
ʱǸղŲϵԺϵ쵼˵ڵѧԽԽˣҲһһǿּľӢѧ뻹Ƿëǵİɣò˼ܿ쾳磬㲻罭Ҳ۷壬첻ȻҪƲһδǰ;ѧ˵㲻ǹ˽𣿡
Ժϵ쵼һ㶼첻ӣƽҲìܣڣìܵıѡ
ԵǾȻ鿴ֵùôΪĻԺЩѧôܣԼ츳Ϳ޷ô첻һǰ棬˵
첻𣬴˵ҲнɵԵʰɣҲǽ˫ȴϣôǸʱû˵أҪҾûһ˺ã
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ܹһôɵӰ춼ȫһѧУķ棬ĺȺ֮ĻѧУټͷȵϺڣ첻˵ѧҽ飬
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һ˵Եף֮Ĵ²пֱ򿪳κһ˶Ҫ֮
ǿȻûдﵽҪֱӿ˵ĵز
ͬ첻ںȺ֮Ҫ߳ȥźãʱһĵʦˣЩĵʦÿһ۷壬˵ʮֵء
һȻǻư࣬ҲһЩȻưƷʦԴĶԹѾ˾֪ˡ
˻ԥˡ
һ£ҪƲҵĵӣôû֪ͨأأʱֶ֮һӰ˲ǱˣǽԴ
ԴֱͶӰ˻֮У⵼ʦݣȻʸġ
ԴһʱվɨһˣȻ첻˵첻ûպ˵ʲôҵĵ㻹ܲˣҪĻҪôһϳȥҪô͸ͣһ㣬¶Ҳưոݵģ
һһȵ۵ͿҪʼˣȥ۵ǾȻʧˣǶ裬ҪѧľǳƷѧѧУȻҪϳȥҿǵʧķ˰ɣԴ˵Ȼˣ˵
¶˭޳ɣ˭ԣ


485 ۵ھ˭
ԴһǺǿƵҪʦ֮ѡ˭޳˭ԣ
޳ɣ
һ޳ɵľǻưࡣ
ҷԣ
ҷԣ

ڳһ˶ֱͶ˷Ʊ˶첻ȥֻǺܶ˶ãΪôϸߵĽ˿á
ΪǻصģЩصߣܵľͻάصĴڣûˣôǺҲûҪı㡣
ͶͬƱģ첻֮⣬ҲǽԴĵˡ
ѧ֮ڣҲͬϵ
ѧУ޼֮⣬ûܹһԾŶϾǵΪҲ㲻ѹȺۣΪ࣬Ȼû˿ϾΪ֮ˡ
ܺãȻͶƱѾˣҲûʲô˵ˣ첻㻹ʲô˵ģԴ󿪿ʵ
ããã첻ɫƵ˵ԴӽԴͻȻ֪֮ıֻҪ߿ˡ
ûнԴĻƾԼкܴĿͨһݲþϾûԸΪνǰ;ԶѧӲ
ǰ;Զһ£ܹܲɳǸزһ£ЩǼŻô
ɳʲôŶǰ״ģ
ԴĵӣӸټͷȣ鲻ô˵ģߣȵһУأʱǺܵʱģ
첻𲢲ģֻЦ˵
Уڵʱ򣬵һУʵˣҲأڳ˶֪һУʵ첻ĵʦֻڵһУҲרעͻƣϲѧУ顣
ҪܵĻУ޼ԳĻ˭Ҳ޷
Ǹʱ˵ɣԴֻĿ첻һۣȻͶӰʧ˷֮С
ߣ첻һߣŵӵķҲץм
һ֮󣬱˽յĳƷڳˣ֪ѧУĸ߲ѾΪһˡ
ŸոճأͱʦԴȥˡ
Դƺոմսһһ糾͵ӡ
ʦ
Ʒ˵
Сӣǵ¶治СԴ˿Ʒ˵֪֪첻ղٿУ쵼Ļ飬˵ҪƲ㣬Ҫ㿪ѧУ
ʲôȻ˽𣿡ƷȻ֪첻һؿˣֻû뵽Ȼԡ
˽˼УУ磬ҪҸպøϻֻСͱϳѧУȥˣ
Դ
⵹鷳ʦˣһ̫СˣŻᱻ󣡡
Ʒ
⵽ûʲô鷳鷳ģָʦЩӦõģС֪ԼʵС̫Դ˵鱻ǿֹˣ黹ûᣬ첻ĵʦѧУĵһУУ˼Ҳѧ֮УʲôʱҲ֪һ˵ʱ򣬾ǵһУȫУҲ޼У˼ҵģҪ㣬˭˵ûûã
Ʒһݣ֪Ȼôڱ󣬶ǸһУĳĻôֻ»û˿赲
ЩǾܵڹķΧ֮ڽУ˵ͽԼҲǹġ
һ첻ӵʱʲôıûκô
ҲʱõģҲû˵ģΪ첻ץ㲻ôҪԵң㲻һͷѣԴЦ˵ķҲף첻Ҫһһϵ˾谭
صץᣡԴ˵ɴѵ˫ȣûʲô飬ϽɵȾȻ󲨣ԭķ
ǽ߿ǰƺĬĬŵ󲿷ֵ쵼ֶû˵õİ취ǽ۵ϣ¹ھɱȸ߿״ԪзĶˣʱ˭ҿ㣿
ƷʱȻĵ˵ͷѧ˵׾ƲʵƵһ֣ʵǲģҪ㹻˶޷Եĵز
ԭҲܹ¹ھʱƺ˲Сı仯ǡԴ˿Ʒܹ͸һǲʲôĹˣ
Ʒ˵ͷǡ
ȳƷ˵Դ󣬾˵Ͳø˵ˣԼҲزҲкܶܣҵ֪㵽ܹﵽʲôĵز񾿾жǿȷָʲôмƻ
ھ۵ỹµʱ䣬һָһħѵƻҪǱȫƳ
Ʒʱ뵽۵ᣬھ˭


486 ޵
ʱ䣬ƷͱԴһ޴ִʵҵУʩ濴ģר߶豸
Ķ״ӵĿԱ
ʲôطƷʵ
ѧģѧߵҽѧ߽ܶ豸˵ûУĿлжûУǵĿѧҷ߽ٴ飡Դ
ƷǲǱСˡ
Դ󿴵˳ƷɵЦЦ˵ǲǾǱСˣʵô˵Ҳûд󣬲Щ豸϶豸ûʲô˺ܹг
ƽʱսжټܹԼʵȫĻǳټԺܶ˶֪Լ弫ʲôط˱ԼԶԶҪǿĶ֣ĻΣϵҲ̫ˣԴ˵ִͨļ豸ܹڵĸȫֳִԽˣŴȻҲƵ豸һϸռֻٲܹܵĵ׷ȫʱһռĻôͺˣ
˵豸ܹԳֵʵޣȻͨǿߣĿǰûа취׼ȷոֵΪǸزܶѾ޷óжˣִھǲ˼Ĵڣ಻˼飬˵̫֮ģ
ڵоӦǿʼɱһεʽˣ
Ʒ˵ͷܹԳֵʵ޵Ļô˵Ȼӹɣܶ˵ʵǿǱܹӳȴޣЩΪ似βЩѹ֪ԼԸһ
϶Ҫµпܣпѧİæһʼ͸Ƕ٣ôͿһʼŬһˡ
˵Լʱ䣬޵˵ʵ̫Ҫˡ
ѾԤԼˣܿ죬弫޾ܹԳˣԴ˵㲻ҪȲһ弫ޣȻͬڹڵۺʵ
ƷŰ״ӵĿԱһ޴տķ֮С
ȲԵľǼٶȣƷһϣһ£Ʒһһ˳ȥ
ˢ
Ƕ̶̼ʱ䣬ƷѾܵյˡ
ʾҲʾƷһΰܵݡ
Űˣ
ݱʱ˶Աˣܿһ˶ԱܽʮѾʮ־ˣݶִձǿ˵ֱֵһᡣ
һ԰״ӵоԱ¶˼𾪵飬˵ܽĲûУǺ쾳ܹﵽ̶ȵģ϶Ǻ۷ĳ̶ȡ
ڹʵٶȸ죡
Ѿֻǿŵдʵݴʡ
Դɫ䣬ҲΪƷ𾪣ȻǴˣͬ˵ȴѾʮ־ˡ
ٶ֮󣬳Ʒ½ȥȵȸ档
ȫѾǴ֮ˡ
ԴųƷһݱ棬ȻųƷ˵ʺܺãĻҪһЩͬ˺üţձ˵ģڵʵӦǿȺصĳ̶ȣ൱ˣϵĸӦٵһ̶ȣ屶ȻǾͿʼѵɣʣµһµʱ䣬Ӧٽһˣ
֪˳Ʒ弫ޣԴҲѾһѵļƻͷˡ
ƷȽµɶ屶ȻֽľؽҲڸоһϢĸоˣȫÿһϸ˺£Ҳɷǳ顣
󣬳Ʒһ·˽ԴѧԼ֮УͳƷȣԴǹģ˺ܶ࣬ʩҲȽ
ѯ˽Դ֮󣬳Ʒ֪ԭЩȽѵ豸϶ǽԴԼǮģҲǻ˴ǮģǱ䡣
һģʵսĹܣڵȻҪʵսгɳٶȲŻ죡
Դ
Ʒߵ˵룬أΧ˲仯ˣһ޴ޱȵսĺ統УƺܹŵѪζ
Ⲣ֮ģģʵֱӳ͵ģأڳƷǰѾһ֧ϰ˵ľӡ


487 ħѵս
ǿ󣬿ֲϢϰ˵ľ֮ɢ˳Ȼֻϰ˵ľӣɢĿֲȴǿֲ𾪡
ƷʱһЩ֮еľһһִľսȫͬ
ÿһͬĲ뻮һһܵĻһ˿־塣
ݣ
ݣ
ݣ
ϰ˵ľӾȻʼ뱬ˣÿһ˶ͳһѳȻֱӳųƷ˹
ϰٳֱӺɨֱڰ֮лһ˲˳Ʒңе·
ɲǼ䣬Ѿɨ˳ƷǰǳƷĶҲ˿ֱӾһ֣ɲǼ䣬ն˷˹ļ



һ޴ײ֮󣬳Ʒֻоֱ΢΢飬𺳣ЩɨЧʹ׵Ч
˵Ϊǿ󣬹ִ֮ıҪ
𺳣ȴǷӦɲǼĹμ˸Ѿϰ˵ľ֮С
ؽһ£һնһʿֱӽ俳һԴʧǾʱʮѳǹӳƷܴ˹
Ʒʶľɾű䣬ӰʼʮѳǹܼΧ֮£ƷǱѳǹֱӴУǹڳƷϴ̳һ׵ĵ㣬ؼʱ̣Իʼս嵲סһ
ҲǳƷܹõһ˵ĻֻµͻᱻͱһԴ֮ǰƷҲսܶȺǺЩηʿС׼ףǽ̤󷨣ܹʮֵʵӳʮֵ
һҲֻܣ
ƷˣɱһΧǰֳֳǹֱ˹ǰж½أ׷ƶڳƷ˵ޱȵĶӡ
ȺսڳƷ˵Ҳȫİġ
ذԽؽ
ƷһɨһĽɨ˼䣬⼸䵱˳ȥ漴˸ıİΧ֮С
ϰ˵Ĺ಻羪κһ
ս˰Сʱʱ䣬ƷڽЩʵ廯ɵıͳͳնɱɾ
ǴʱѾʱôˣȫ·˺ܶطദطȻǹƣѪֹ
ȫȻҲѵһһգ
ôôһԵĵʦԴ˳˵
ԣ
Ʒ˵ͷ˵
ŲǸոտʼѣһ£һħսΪܻԴ󿪿˵ϣ㲻ҪҵѵֶҶɳȥܣΪÿһ˵Ǳ޵ģûӵǱǿǽܵĻǺǣ
û⣬ɣ
Ʒܹоӵս֮УҲѾһЩ
˵ǽȫǱȫȳˣڼΣյ֮£òʮֵӳʮֵ
սһ˾ǾһֻܹҲǵòʧġ
ܿ죬ھƺͻָ֮󣬳ƷͶս֮УһΣǰֵģϰپӣֻǺ֮ǰȣһ֧Ӵһһȴֲ̫ˣÿһǺصĴڣÿһɢſֲϢ
Ʒһֱӳһ֧ӳɱ˹ȥ
ڳƷܽԴħѵʱ򣬴ʱȫУ֮Уɻᣬ˽ɣɵ˫ȴϵһҹ֮䴫ȫУ
һҹ֮䣬ƷĴٶȽ˵ĶС
֮ǰͬƷ֮ǰһȫУΪ뽭Ǹʱ˵ӡУǻϾһ֮Ĵһûһ˿һʤ㡣
ȴͬˣƷȻɻᣬ˽ɵȣⱾһըԵš
ǽɻǽ߿ǰ仰˵Ҳ˵ѧУҲܹŵǰ
ѧޱҫ۵ģƷĸ߿ֵһᣬ£ƷϮôһϮ
Ȼͽ֮Ĳɺܴ󣬵뿴ĲҲû֮ǰôˣƷ˼Աˡ
һʱ䣬Ʒ룬ҪսƷսҲѩƬһ
Ȼٸֶɵ°ܽǱϾǶѾȥˣЩ˱Ҳֻѷɫڽɶѣ¹ȥ˭ǿҲһˡ
ڳƷǻ˽ɣǿһֿܣܻܳƷ൱ڻ˽ɣ
һʱ䣬սϣ


488 ״ԪͰ۵ս
˵ƷͻȻðģҲǽô˶ҪͨܳƷԼĺ
һʱ䣬ƷҲͳ˲еľѵλᣬѧ֮УҲƣΪѧԽˣҲԽǻӻͶԴ
ҲζſܻʧȥܶܶĻᡣ
ǳƷԴħѵֳ㹻ʣҲĻᣬɾӵֶΣ۸ҲƣռֻǸΪʹá
˲һ˼Ҫһٳһ˼Ҫ飬ǿкǳķʽ
Ʒܽɣ˽ɵ˫ȣһҹѧУڳƷҲûʲôͷǽɴ˸ߺ־˫֮Ҳûʲô̫ĳͷ
һģڸѧǻƫ̻һЩ
Ʒʱ˵Ҳͳ˳ĵʯˡ
˸սѩƬһķЩսƷһȤûУǳԼħѵ֮С
罪Դ˵ȷȷʵʵһħѵһΣƷľȫ֮󣬲Žϰ˵ľնɱȻǲǿʼѡ
ԽǵĹƷٵΣҲԽ࣬ϰ˵ľӣȴֻܹһĽֶΡ
ʵϵǿлʼս壬һĹشƷܹƳƷķ໮һӶѣ㲻ϴ¡
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Ҳͱķǳˣһһεıشüֱ۶նϣҲִҽѧƼˮƽ£пּܽ˲пѵŴûа취
£ԭѾͣͲǰĳƷĹҲڷٵ˱Ƶǽ֮еǱ˳
ʱ򣬳Ʒÿƾսƴնֱӹرˣûķ˼
ߺ־Ʒ
ߺ־Ҳǵһʱ֪˽ɱƷ˫ȵ飬ʱﱩˬԭΪԽɵʵٴͰװˣ˭֪ƷȻȫһ˳ӡ
֮ҲϵƷˣֻ֪ڱչС
Ժ֮Ϳʼչ˻ʼ˳ƷɵĺպϣһΣûж˸ҳƷ鷳ˣĳıӵпˡ
ʲôˣѧ֮еǰףΪһǿ޹ؽҪСĳƷһʮɻᣬԼǱһ
ǰ֮ڣҶ˼ѾˣҲףҪһҪҳƷһʼ鷳ܹóƷð֮⣬ôǺܴ
ΪʼǸոտʼѣ̸϶ڳƷʲô㱻ˣ˵ʵҲûʲôãѧ֯Ͳͬˣһ٣ڽӰǾ޴ġ
Ըߺ־ؽʼĹͷǳ˳ˣҿ˵ܵ˸Ŀԭû˿ϼʼģѾ½½Ĵһѧˣдѧǰѯⷽˡ
ԭ˵ģ˭ʼҪÿ飬ҲͳһЦˣԼ˴ˣﻹһ˿һ
ƷûлӦʱƣͻὥĵȥˣϾҲ飬ڳƷӦ˶ҲϵӦúܿͽˡ
սĳ֣һӽƵ˷˼֮ϣǾԭڳƷ֮ϵĶƺ÷ơ
ΪڳƷɻ֮󣬾кܶڴƷʵʲô̶ȣΪͷβѹʽս
˶óƷʵ˵ǿ˲ֹһ˶ڴ⣬ʲôǳƷʵء
˽ƷͶԼ÷ȽϣһҲˣʱƣȽϵĴԽԽ࣬ҲԽԽ
Ҳ˵Ķˣͬĸ֮Ʒʵ֮ϣȻ޶ԡ
ΪԼҲãΪҲãȻӲһһŵսҲͬѩƬһķ˹
״ԪͰ۶ҪսƷΪĿĽ㣬˶ڵȴųƷĻش𣬿λӦġ
ս߲սһظȻƷ˼һֻƬʱƣҲԽԽࡣ


489 ࣬
÷ƺͶƵս飬ҲӦƽϢȥ·ֳΪ˹עĽ㡣
Դӻ˽֮󣬳ƷȻʵս֪ǺʣҲѾλΪһ꼶֮ļǿ֮һ
÷ƺͶƵս飬ںܶ˿Ǵһ֮ǰǿĴսʣκһǼΪʵĴս
֮ǰƷ˽ɣǵʱ鷢̫ͻȻˣҲֻܴºϿˣսĻ϶Ͳôִˡ
ǲεȴۣƷѹ͸ضأ·ѹͲһ
ҲһЩ˿ʼ𽥵÷ƺͶҲк֧ܶߺ׷ߣǿƷѹӦսˡ
ϾͬڽɣΪҲǵѣ͵ڶһһЩġ
һЩҲʼںܶ˿ڱսˣһЩ䳰ȷͿʼˡ
飬ںܶ˵Ʋ֮£ҲͺܿΪ˲෹Ļ⣬ЩڴƷЩǱȳƷӦսһʱ䣬ϣ˶ʼ顣
ΪЩ˵ѹܹƷ㹻ѹȳƷòӦսʤҲãǸҲãǺܶϲּġ
Ȼȴ֪Ʒֱӹ˸նˣеϢղԴȻ֪Щ飬˵ЩһЩ޹ؽҪ顣
ҲѹЩ߳Ʒġ
ƷҲڷУʱƣƷ˵ĴҲѾԽԽ࣬һܱشüΣûֹͣʱ
ڽԴȽҽƿƼܹӴҪȽʮϣÿһشָܹܿ
ƷͻͽҪǣƿҲ𽥵ǿ
֮ǰƷȻһʵʵϲȫӳҲ˵Ʒʵûаٷְٵķӳ
˲һҵķĥħѵ֮󣬳Ʒ𽥽ԼǱһһĸƳˡ
Ʒʵÿһ㣬Ǳÿͷųһ㣬ԴͻһѶȣȻƷڲϱŰжɹһܲˣǳƷȴƾԼǿ־
Ϊ֪һεħѵʮҪӵķʽҲܶʱڸһ˵ǽ뽭ˡ
һֱƷͻƵ˺۷֮ħѵŸһ䣬ΪƷҪȥչͻƵ֮ټħѵ
һµʱ֮УƷѹԴĵûгȥҲûмˡ
Ʒֻ֮оԼȫ¶һɱˣһ֮УƷоԼľ񶼾һɱ䣬ǼֱǴӵ֮߹һȦһ
ƷԼ֪Լôģ
Դһ㶼ûҲ̶֪һµѵķ˽Դǧʽ
ΪάǸЩӵľһʷǳģǲ֮ʵ˾޴ͻƣ˵һǰ֣ٶȳǰ֮ھܴ˽ɣѶȡ
һ֮УʵΣؼڱʵƿҲﵽһȫµĲΡ
˵ǱһȫƳˡ
Ʒǲ֪ʱһֱڵˣŸոճϢѾѧˡ
ҲûôҪע飬ƫƫųƷӦ鲻ϵķ֮󣬿ʼעҲԽԽࡣ
˵Ѿ˺ܶ˶û뵽ĳ̶ˡ
Ʒ˸նˣʱָϢˣƷһһ߲鿴ЩϢ֪չصһµʱ֮Уѧ֮УȻ顣
ƺĲӦѾԽԽˣǾᣬΪҲûʲôıҪһʱ䣬۵Ҫʼˣһ۵ỹѧ֮УںȺ֮С
ʱѾˣҪһʱ䣬ͻƵأĻʵҲһ޴
ЩϢѾ׿ʱѾıˣȴǰ֪ʲôʱѾӰ
ϢҲڶ̶̵ʱ֮ڣʹѧ֮УҪսƷҲڴʱʼƼ
ڣڳƷǰľһˣигƷˡ


490 Ҹʱ䣬һϰ
Ʒ
һȴ˵ע˹
ƷǰʱһˣΪ׵˲ǱˣϹӡ
СǰȣϹӵʵ˼Ľ˵ƶȫͬˡ
ϹӵԱߣͬʱվˣҲɢǿϢÿһʵϹӡ
Сʱ䣬ϹӵʵҲѾѷɫڵĳƷһ¥Ѿ˳˺۷塣
ߣǼͬҲǺ۷Ϊ
ڿϳˣΪҪͷڹ굽ʲôʱأ
ϹϴżֲЦݿųƷ˵
ͷڹꣿƷ΢΢һЦ˵ôϴλûҴôʱˣ
Ʒ˵Ϲɫһӱˣ֮ǰѾǺ쾳ˣȻȴδﵽ쾳ĳƷŰˡ
Ƕ˵ֱܴ裬ܹܳƷһӵĳ衣
˵뾡һа취ԼΪľҳƷϴˢĳ衣
ʱѧҲǻȻΪƷϹӵ飬ʵֻ֪ǰԵˣƷԼ˵ϹȻҲû¾ȥȥ
תһ룬ƷɶʰˣٻһϹƺҲͲˣϾ߱ͲһϵĴڡ
ƷҲҪ̫ˣΪһǴǰôϹЦ˵
ڸʱ䣬øÿɶʰˣʰôƷһһ˵˵ʱʵ󣬸˷ϡ
ڴʱһսì˰֮Уֱס˳Ʒǰĵ·
Ϲס˳Ʒ˵ƷҪٶ˵ʲôϻҲһս
Ƕǽɵ°ܽһǰҲҵϣοǣȰĻûкľ֮ǰƷ˵
Ʒ̫ˣΪ˽ɾʲô˲ôȷʵǵǲǽɵĶ֣ҲǸ߿ʱˣڸ߿ʲô㶼ܹܽɣοǣ
ʱһһӿ˵ϴżЦݣ˵뷨ȥˣͲˣʱÿʼϴˡ
ɲ޹ؽҪģֱӹϵܹõԴѧУӳ̶ȡ
һȫУʮһȫУǰ֮ѧУĹע̶ȿһô
ֻһ⣬ʵ򱳺ȴǹϵʵʵ档
ƷҲڵʯ֮һ㣬֮󣬱ˣһս޷⡣
ֻ֮νǣʵʵڵ棬˭Ըá
ȻˣҲûа취ˣƷͣ˵
ƷҲԶ٣ѡһʱһƽеĵ꿪˵
ҪӮ³Ʒ͵ǹӮܽȫУϴơ
һҲʶҲԱţҸʱ䣬ûʱĥ䣬ˣǸɴһϰɣ
Ʒ˵·˵һ΢Сһ
֪϶кܶڸ·ϣܻ÷ƣƣȻ޾壬Ҳ뽫˷Щϡ
ЩҪλѾͨܽɣɹλȻҲͲ˷ʱˡ
ƷȻںĻȴȻ󲨣꣬ÿһǴһ֮еٮٮߣ϶ǸԺϵ֮еͷ򣬸ϵ쵼ͷ
ÿһкպƽ˶κһҪȫԸڣƷȻһϡ
ãȻˣǾͱԶˣƷҵģ
˻мԥΧ³ƷΪϴУҪƷս˵ΧŹˣӮҲʣ˾͸ˡ
Ϲӵ뷨͵ˣƷϵĳ裬һҪ׵׵ϴˢ
һϺˣһ
ƷƵ˵ʱҲ콾ŭˣʱҲ͹˲ϹƽƽˣǶһҪƷһݺݵĽѵ
һֵľϹӣеһսìֱһһֱӱųƷŶʵ֮ǿȻӹɡ
ǵĳƷֻһìӲסֻܺ˶
ڣһìѾ쵽Ѱ˵۾ĵز
ֻһɲǼ䣬Ѿ̵˳Ʒǰˡ
ƷֻЦһ̧ȻһһìֱӾͱ˳ȥ


491 
ϹӴ̳һìΪ϶ܹгƷˣϾѾǧһʱˣȴû뵽ƷֻһһìʹгƷţֱӴƫ˳ȥ
һ˲䣬͸о˫һһֲֿĹϯͼȫĿסеսìȴѾˣսìƲסƫ˳ȥ
ôô
ƷģҲѾ׼ˣƷôһӵɳȥǰδе顣
Ϊ֣Լʵǿǿ֮󣬳ƷԼαһֱˡ
ѵǹô
ϹӵԺ֮жɵðһ뷨ʱѾ˴ˣƷ˽ɣѰܣȫǵ
ǼǴ֮еĳƷƺҲûôµġ
ǴʱѾɲˣƷѾʼжˡ
ʱҲӲͺΧ˹ˣЩͬսȻѾҪΧƷҲ͹˲ʲôˣɴȫ֣һʱ䣬ɨգųƷλ
Ƿ׷׶֣ԼеģȻֻӰѣƷֱӾʹЩ֮дԽ˹ȥ
¶˼ֲмЦĹһ֮ܵħѵһȸûκοɱԣĹȻܼǺγսʿһȾͱȳ˲ˡ
ƶٳǳƷħѵ֮Щʿ;ԲƷôɵľͨˡ
һ֮УƷȻܹоԼĽǻֻҪһ㣬ԴͽѶһ㣬һֱŰо˽Ҳûֱ۵ĸо
⼸еŵļлʱŸо˲ࡣ
ʵ̫ˣ
ˢ
ƷɲǼ䣬ѾԽ˵Ĺһ˲ѾϹӵǰ
ϹӴʱѾǴ󺧣ǸΪƷٶ̫ˣͼȫսìջǴʱѾˡ
һ˵ʵ򲻹һ˲顣
һоͶˣ
Ʒֱһȭ˳ȥ򵥵Ļȭֱȭһ˳ǹһֱӶ˿һ޴ĺȻһȭϹӵؿڡ
Ϲֻüһֻջؿǰȴֻоһҵʹֱ۶׷ϵˣȻ˺⵽ػһ˲䵹˳ȥ
Ʒٶ̫ˣɲǼѾϹӸ˳ȥ
أ
ϹֱӱɳȥײǽϹ
˴ʱڷӦ˹ϹͻȻ˽ƷɹһͽϹӸɳȥ̽е̫ˣ˶ûзӦʱһжˡ
ǳԾ𾪣Ʒһ֮󣬾ͳɱ˹ȥ
һûе֮ҲǵһʱͷӦ˹ʱǾͿǴʧɫһĻϹֱӱƷɱˣһ취ûУɳȥ
ƷȻ߷˹
˼ͬʱľͳųƷɱ˹ȥ˺˿Ҳ˺һУҪƷɱһ
Ʒֻ΢΢ζһ£ͻ˺üӰЩ˵Ĺȫˣȫ䵽˳ƷĲӰˡ
ʱܿ˵һ֮󣬳Ʒ˲ѾǸһǰˡ
Ǹ״ȻҲ£ХһһȭͺشһųƷ˹ȥ걾ͺռƣôʵʵӲյľ˿޾壬ΪԼĻᡣ
ƷҲǼ򵥵ĳȭǹȭͷݺݵĺ䵽һ
أ

һ޴ĺ񳱵ʱ򣬾ֻһͷ۶ϵȴǸ׳һҽһֱ嵹˳ȥеشҲֱӵûסˡ
ҲϹһɱݺײ˵ϣ˼£Ҳû˶ˡ
һɱƷľʵʸʣµĸ˾ӣ˼ͬͬˣһӳųƷɱ˹
ƷǲŲæľؽ֣ؽһһն
һʮᣬƷþؽһֵ쾡£İѱĽȴܾмһƿ޷ƷһѾؽ
žؽ˳䵽һŮϣ֮ΨһһŮӣ͸ܺͳƷᲢˡ
һѣ͸оȫĹͷҪˣȻ󲿷ֵսˣʣµ˲佫ɳȥֱش


492 ֱǵС
ɱˣһһֱӾͽΧΧ۵Щѧŵˣٶʵ̫ˣƫƫҡ
Ϊһʹ˺ܶĶһգۣܾѾֳʤˡ
֣󷨣ٱˡ
ʱǸеĵ겻ɵÿڣ˵
ԭҲԸ֣֣֮ҪҪޱߵĳƷһݺݵĽѵ
һǲŷ֣׵˲ǳƷǣƷȷʵʵ԰ԲǿЦġ
֮ǰĸˣԭǻΪɾȻڳƷϣǿ϶Ҳˡ
֮ǰܹȡ߿̽ΣǱϾ֮ǰˣڸһˡ
Ϊô׵ܣΪĻˡ
ʱ䣬ָϢ˵ϣҲǱ֮һΪľǽƷƳ潫ƷܣĻܹ˳ɸ»ѧУϴơ
Ȼ֮ǲŷ֮ǰ뷨ѹž޴⣬һ߼ϵĴǾǳƷܹܽɣΪɲһǳƷֲ̫ˡ
֮ǰ֪֪ƷǿʵǶͷġ
ǼȻѾزˣܳƷѾ˲ˣΨһܹҲǾڳƷ½һסˡ
󷨣ȻûϹҲǾӢѧˣ֪󷨣˼һģȻͳųƷ͹˹
Ʒôܸᣬܹһ̶ȵǵʵҲƵǿǵʵǵʵͳƷ̫Զˣʵսϡ
սԳƷʱǲһġ
Ʒ᳹ǻĲԣȻһ£̩ɽһ
أ
һ޴ޱȵĺƷһͽǵ󷨹ƿˡ
˼˲͸оԼ϶һֲĹһӾҪǵıиɳȥ
ʱڶˣΪʲôϹӼ˻˵ĲһˣƷһжס̫ϲˣʵǳƷһֲ̫ˡ
ǻƴеıֵʱ򣬳ƷһƼӰһľͳˡ
ɨ˳ǸеĵֱӱɨУϴŵս׶ɨһ޴ޱȵѷ죬˲䵹˳ȥײΧ۵Щѧ
ʱǽЩΧ۵ѧˣǵǸˡ
ˣⱻ񱩵սನɨˡ
ʣµҲˣ̫ˣƷٶ佣һ˱Ʒֱɨ˳ȥ
ͷβûһ˿һĲͬ
Ǹ˴ʱѾû˿Ҫս뷨ˣѾ׿ˣƷľˣٶȸԶԶ֮ϣûġ
ڳƷǰʧȥ塣
ǲ֪һƷ׶ʲôħѵģ˵ÿ춼ϰٱΧΧǹ飬ϵ£Ӷûа취ء
ֳƷ˹˵ΧȻƷͲһϵս
һ˴ʱѾʧȥеģûһǰҪսȥ뷨תܡ
ѾزƷô̶ܵʱѾ׷ȥȻеľؽȻ
أ
һУײһݺײ˵ϣǻȥˡ
ʱܾĵģѧ׿ɵˡ
ЩɶǸԺϵʦеٮٮ߰ڸԺϵ֮жһָĴڰڸ߿֮ǰѾ˺쾳Ĵڡ
ڶΪһһʧܣȫΧƷȴƷǵСһˡ
ʱڿƷʱ򣬼ֱڿһһǵΪѣ쾳˵ңңڵ飬ں쾳ĸ־ȻƷˣһԿĸо
ͬһѧô
Ķѧѧô
һָоòѧҲ򲻹ɡ
뷨ƻƫƫͷʱȴûһоʵҲ˵ء


493 º˵
֪ǴѧпʵҲֻһ֣Ǵѧ֮Ҳ˶˺쾳硣
˵ǳƷּǵСһĵ֣ǿֱһ
ټ֮ǰƷŰ˽ɣʱƷУѾһħһĴʡ
˭ҪһҵôƷ˵ĿɨˣĿ֮б飬ֻú󱳷
ûУˣ
Ʒ˵˿ҲѾ˵ϵϹӵˡ
˾ĿųƷ˱֮У֮кܶǷ˵ҪסƷǹģذʱֻƷһжס
ǲһЩôΪôôԼҽԺȥϼ찡
ǼҪҲסҰճƷʱչֳǱЩֹȻֻҲǻᱻɡ
ҲֻĿųƷ˱֮Уѧıİ̶ȣԼĻܹС
ⲻ֮˶ѾˣǲԼͬĿڵϰѵϹӵˣ鶼ޱȵĸӡ
Ϊ֮кܶ˵ʵϹʵҲ࣬ҲǿһЩģҲֻǺصΪѣȻڴӳƷͻ⼸ֵصľ϶ٷְٲǳƷĶ֡
ǵʱҲϵĻĽֻҲκβˣһڵϣ޷ǾǵʬֻˣĲʲôʵԵĸı䡣
ôģôô̵ʱǿô࣡
϶ʲôˣ˵굹дʱ䶼ڴѧ棬϶ʲôΪܹͻͽ
̫ǿˣԭΪܹܽɣҪǽʵΪˣһֻ²ôһ£ȷʵǿˣ
ȫֻһжѣɴ䣬ƣҲǶ֣
ЩĿ棬һЩܹжϳʱսٴֳЩѧĿеõһЩϾѾ֪ʱˣɵ÷׷ɫƷĻҪӿֲҪӵǿ
־Ҫ½УϴƵ˵һ־޴壬ͷܹϴƵֻгƷһ
ͬʱǶڽɵΣռҲһ˺üΣȷʵǿҪǿĶˣΪҲûбôһлܹ
أȺ֮дһɧȴһӰڶ
ǶƣҲˣҲǱƷصϢô˾ķ֣˲ǱˣǸ߿İۣơ
Ȼֻǰۣ״ԪǶͨѧ˵ʣҲһ߸ϵĴǺʵˡ
ȻǶƣҲˣ
ϧˣƷߵĿһ㣬ĻǾܹƷսˣ
ųƷɵĻϹӵˣ˶ͶԼ÷ƵսҲȤΪ֪ǵ֪սһǳʡ
ϧƷ˱֮УһѹͲӦսӣ֮ǰǻԳƷʵӭս
ڿͲǲӦսһ־ͽϹľӢѧʰˡ
ڶƵһӰҲͬʱˣ˲ǱˣƷдʱ䶼˵ĳˡ
ʹǰȣҲ˱ϵĲ࣬˳Ŀ˺쾳磬Ϲӵ˻ҪǿһЩȵѾ˺صľ硣
ֳϹӵ˶һа˳Ʒϵʱϻ¶ص顣
ȻҲаջϹӵˣǾԲôɣ˵ڱΧ»ɱˡ
Ҳòĵðôһ䣬ƷȰǰǿ̫ˡ
ǰȻ˳ƷϣǶҲֻû뵽ƷĵƣЩʧˡ
Ȼڽ֣һǿҵԤУֻԼ潻Ҳǻʧܡ
Ȼͷû˿Ҫ뷨Ψȼ˸ǿҵĶ־һһҪԽƷĶ־
ʱƺеˣڹȥʮʱ֮УƷǱһˡ
Ʒܵܰɣʵȷʵǿʱƿ˵ҵĶ֣һЩ
ʮŵ˵ôֳƺѾܹ׽Ʒʵ
˰ȥҽңﶪô
˵꣬תȥˣæҵĽϹӵ̧ȥҽˡ


494 ͻƣ
һսҲƵϴϷٴһսҲ׽Ʒ
ںܶ˵ƷɴĻϹӵˣһΪ𺳵飬ȻƷûԳӦ֮ǰԣͬɨҶһжȴѾʵжֱӻػ֮ǰԡ
Ҳû˸˵սˣϾʵǰ֮ǰЩҪսƷУϴƵЩҲϢˣһսѾ֪ǿѾ֪ˡ
֮ǰ˵ģƷĶ֣ҲҴ˳ȥ
һ仰Ҳһһ¸ѧһŶ˸֣Ʒ˽ɣȻǵӦúǰĶƺ÷һĲࡣ
һҲú֪ܶˣ֮ǰ߿ҲûԭģҪԽ֮ǰͺܲס
ΪԼڽʱ򣬱ҲڷٵĽ
һʱ䣬ЩֵҲǲϷ͡
ܿ죬˾͵Ŀ⣬ͱһ˹ȥʱǽ۵ᣬҲǰµʱѡ
һսҲʵϵѧҫȥĴһҲڵĴѧ۵Ⱥŵĵӡ
ȻǵһηǴҲ࣬ʣռԴѧ˵һܴ裬һݺݵİơ
ѧѧǴѡľԴбռݵһǡ
Ϊһεʧ֣һεĴһҲ˸ʹС
ͼһ۵ȡøõĳɼһѧʼ׼׶ΣϣڳƷഫźϢҲڳƽϢ
ͬʱƷ֪仯˵ڵȫ֮ͻƵصľ硣
³ƷѾλں۷ľ磬ԭƷҲֻǸոͻƵضѣһµսջ̫ˡ
ںܶ˵ҪͻƣܾѾҪһµʱܹ˳ˮۣͻƵأڿûжʱȥЩ
õİ취ǷѪԪõİ취
öѪԪʣöúʡ
ѪԪҲܵĲƾͻƣǿ̷ҩͻƵĻǾ֮ǰߵ·ûвͬˡ
ڵĳƷ˵ÿһֹԼɵģҩֻͻƵĹ߶ѡ
Ʒеһ֮ϡ
ĹһȦһȦתתȦϵӣƷĹҲʼĳ˺صľ硣
ƾƷγڵľ϶ޱȵļ̣˻ʼս֮ÿһͻƣѰ˸ǿ󣬵ͬҪͻҲӵѡ
Ǿǲϱ̻
ҲòѪԪչĻͻ̫ˡ
ڣҲ֪ȥ˶ãƷϵҲѾڵ˼ˣγȶһʼϵת
ʱˣ
ƷͬʱɽͼĿռ֮нһöѪԪ˳̷ȥ
ѾΪӴγһ˲ӴѸٻ˷籩籩ȴ˳Ʒһ綼û뿪ҲԼóƷѾƵ˵ߺĵزˡ
ҲǳƷһ֮еջÿһֵȫƿء
ЩڳƷľ֮вϵתƬ֮Ĺ򣬾γһɿ񳱡
ܿ죬һɿ񳱿ʼ˺صľ硣
ʱһһĹȥƷʼͰĳ˺صľ磬һһľһһĿʼأڵľصԽ࣬ƷʵҲڲϵǿ
ոһգʱ䣬Ʒڳ׳忪˺صľϣ˲䣬һɸӿ񱩵ӳƷ֮з˳һɿֲĿ񳱣γ˷籩˲䱬
һɿ˻ȫص˳Ʒϣ
ͻƵ˺أӵĻвʮʱ㹻ҳ׹Ϊˣ
ƷԴĦһ£Ļ̫ˣѪԪãǸոͻƣȴҲȫȹ˺صľ磬սȺء
ʣʮʱ㹻ѪԪҩȫյĹܹһ
һε۵ھҪˣȻĻһ鷳СϾǸһУصĻǴڡ
ڴԼлɱôѧѧǱزٵġ
һѧݣʵıɡ
뵽Ʒûκԥֿʼ˱չ֮С
ʱʣʮʱʶ۵ᣬҪʼˡ


495 ۵Ὺʼ
һ죬һ磬ƷڳأһΣҲûſڶˣ֮ǰķ粨ҲƽϢȥ˵Ŀⶼ۵˹ȥˡ
֮󣬳Ʒǰɳ˻ϣһΣ֮⣬ɳҲǻǰμ۵ʸˡ
һ۵ᣬһѧ֮УΪѾﵽ˺쾳ĶԲμӣ֮⣬۷ѧҲǰμӣϺƺƵѧǧˣѧưѧ˵ܹμӵģʮһ
ӵõ鱨ѧ֮⣬ʮУصѧѧУңɵȵɳӵҲ١
£Ҳˣ˻֮ͬоӢеľӢ
Ϊһ۵ھĹϵҲѧڲУҪǰ޾֮ϵȺŵפоС
һΣǵǽԴҪ𽫳Ʒ͵Ⱥ֮С
ܿ죬Ʒͺɳ˻ˡ
Ʒɳ鶼е㸴ӣǰһʱ䣬ԴƷСרŽħѵɳҲģȻҲμӣֱʦƫġ
Դǿ˳Ʒѵʱ¼֮ǾͲˣΪ֪֮ǿȵѵһ춼Ųȥֱģսϣ͸˵Źȥˡ
һ²Ʒı仯ȫģԲֻʵЩ仯ҪǣƷʶһˡ
ϢԲĵزǶߣȻֱ仯ζʲôζͬ磬ͬΪʱĳƷһǿӵĿֲ
ϡǵðǰǸոʶʱ򣬳Ʒ绹۷嶼ûдﵽȻڣƷȴԶԶ˦
ɳ˵УֻɳΪչ죬ѾͻƵ˺أ˻϶ںǻ
ȻƷڲսɲ⣬ǾҲѾﵽ˺أԶԶʤǡ
Ҳʱ֤˭ԶԶ¡
ʱҲѾ趨ͬһСӣƷȡúóɼҲɣԺͬʱʱҲճƷĹ⡣
ӳζڣжٰգɳʵ
߾ȫԽɣΪʵĺĻӦкܴİգƷ
ƷǴ󻰣ʮʱ֮УҲ½֪˶֮ǰۣȻʵȴĶ֡
ǰǰδͻƵĳƷڣ˭ʤ˭ҲͲ˵ˡ
ϡǵãʱ𺳣ǸʱųûжãѾǺ쾳ˣڵΪ㵱ʱĶѾкϵΪˡ
ˣɰܸ÷ƣȣҲ˲űеһ졣
أڳƷǵļϵصϷһܺӥսֱ
Ȼ潵ͨһܾ޴ĺӥս棬ȻʦԴ档
ԴĿɨˣɳ𣬼ʫ磬ӨΪչȻ̸رͻͽҲڿԽܵķΧ֮ڣѧ˵ǱȽϿġ
ȻĿת˳Ʒĵӣͬǰʱ䣬ƷѾͻͽˣǷ츲أǰƷʵȻȴδ쾳硣
ڣȴ콾档
ȻҲܿóƷǳƷĳɳٶȻǳԤϡ
Ʒо˽΢΢ζǺӥսˣѧǵķ򣬳޾֮ķȥ
ǸոյϢҪעˣΪһ۵ᲢѧģʽҲһһԴ˵
ʲôʽƷʵ
ǰǲȡ̨̭ķʽУͬȺǰвμ۵ĵӣȥһΪǵȫµĵȥϣޣݲͬļɱ޵ʱҲһĻ֣ǸĹھԴ
ʽӱôźҪǰػĵ˼ɳɵ²˵
ͺػĶһģһػĶػĵʱҪصޣɾ֮󣬲ܹн衣
ƷҲָоܶǶػһĵ죬ʺסĵطŲܵ
ôģΪҰ⣬ҲΣգԼҪСģһǱҪϵģԴ˵ţݸһָģĶ


496 Ⱥǵһ
ʲôƷָʵ
Դˣ˵һźŵڱǸǵ˵õΪǸط̫ΣգҲڼ֮£
˵ƷҲǱˣʱ˽ԴǱ̨ʣǵϣҲ֪ʲôΣա
ͬ뿪Ķ֮ҰԶڶ֮Ҫһٱпܾͻ˵Ľɱ
ǳƷǵ˲ˣʱ˵ɱǸʱźܹóˡ
ȻҲģпܷģǱҪСģ㣬ƷԴƷȻ󿪿˵
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Ʒ˵ͷҲģҪԸҲÿԼûʵ
켶ޣִô죿ʱɳЩĵʵֻǺ켶ޣǻûʲôɵĵģȻҲΣգҲӦˣ켶ĸֳ֣һоȫһˡ
ԷģҲѯʹˣϵѾһĽˣҲ࣬ڵܻһ磬ֹκͻƣһǲõģȺŻûǸӸҺˣ
Դն˵
Ҳͷˡ
һҪǵϴһµʱ䣬ҲżԴ
ȻԴָƷ˽һЩǵҪע¼
ӥսһСʱ֮ڷɳĽ򣬷ɽ޾֮Уͨõͷܹ̲Ƶ𺳳
͵ϵĺȣ޾֮֮еĺҪߵĶˣߵܿʮ׼ĺˣֱг֮ƣƽʱƽʱҲԿ׸ߵĺĴ򳤿ա
ʱʱĳƷܹһͷһͷ޴ޱȵĺ޵Ӱζԣȵȡ
ке޽ڸ߿֮еĺӥսһԾ׸ߵһȻſѪڣźӥս˹
ںӥսʱ˸߶ȣűⱻֱȥˡ
˻һ㾪δĸоһͷ޴ĺϰ׳Ѿ쾳ˣ֮ǰƷһҪԵĴߺһͷ޴ĺޱǲС׼ˡ
ںϷСʱ֮˲ڿȺŵڣȺǵ
ԶԶȥȺǵ˵ǵ죬˵һ޴Ĵ½ٿϵļأȺǵʮƽ
ԶԶȥͬһ޾ȴһĵ෴Ļһǳĺ⵺죬ȺǵдĵطѾ˼ΪĶС
ӥսڻ֮˲ŸȺŰӴ˸Ⱥŵפء
һ·϶ԿԸط˱Ⱥˡ
Ĵ󲿷ֵĳȣǵҲûʲôֻͬǸտһЩԵеعϡǵϵĸʩҲǼΪġ
ɳ䵽ǵϵӭһе࣬һĸѧӣеĵʦ͸УԱȵȼҲһüǧˡ
Ȼû취ÿ˶һˣֻһȺסһ֮С
ƷҲûʲôΪ֪ⲻסѡ
֮ûãԴ㱻ѧĹԱˣֻ˳Ʒˡ
Ʒûйϵóʱ䣬󹮹һΪԴ֣µĸź֪һֻ൱ӡ
߹νԣҰսĶˣԼɱĶˣҲѾϰˡ
ƷҪչʱ򣬾Ȼյһ̽ǰӭһҾ¥֮УȻ졣
ƼҵˣƷԼʶ죬ʱͻȻƣǶԷҲͺ֮ˡ
Ҳֻп˼ڵƼҵˡ
ҲգȥҪʲôɣ
Ʒɳ˸֮󣬱š
ӭ֮УʱԿѧУѧӣиɵĵӣʮ˾ģȴһѱǿϢ
ƽܶѵһ
ȴʮֳġ
ʱ仹СʱƷżʼӭ֮й
ҲȷʵкܳʱûôɹˣʱǻĵɱʱڳƷ˵ѵõʱ⡣
أǰһȴ˾ۼǰһطƷ߽һȴһԼ׵ĺɫôһ㳡֮ϡ


497 ҵ죬
һɫİ飬вٵŮվ棬ֻվλøвͬʱƣǵ϶һƬɫ
һǾܲˣֱ³һȻ˲˺ܶಽмֱӾ˳˺ɫİϡ
ûܹһˣ
۷׷ףԭ˻һԾԾԵ飬Щ˵ı֮ҲϢˡ
УƷ֪ˣԭһɫİ飬ʵһ壬㿪ʼԽ棬ҲԽ
ʵĲܹͬ߳ľҲͬ׳壬ߵʮ׾Ѿ˼ˣΨ֣пһ塣
Խ棬ҲԽ
Ʒʱ֪ˣ͸ʲôģʵͬԭ
Ϊ̻µĿ飬˵ֻҪܹͨһ壬ܹϰֽ
ϰ򣿡ѧɵõһΪ̻治̻֮һݲȷʵ˵ã
˵ȷʵǺܴһǮΪ̻Ȼ˵ʲô
ƷԺ֮УʱֳٿϹΪ̻ܣνΪ̻ᣬȡΪΪ֮⣬νΪҲΪ̻֮Ӳʢˣ෴ģ鲼ᣬȻȴû˸СΪ̻ᡣ
ִ֮У࣬һ˵Ҳйصġ
˵׺꣬Լ¾аϲţԵΪ֮Ǳ׺ԼҲѾǽ۷ĳ֡
гҲԼĲţңƼҵȵҲˣЩͬΪ̻ᲢԼģʽеģ˵Ϊ̻᱾ݶγɵȻ
ۼӰҪڳңңƼ֮ϣ֮еһеġ
ǳңңƼּ͵ĲţǳҵĲź͹˾˵ˣΪ׬Ǯӵѣ׼ȷĿԵġ
Ϊ̻򴿴һ̻ѣֻΪ׬Ǯ߻ŲСĲġ
˵Ϊ̻ϲ£ţЩΪ٣ԱҲûʲôǮƣֻҪѺٵĴۣܹһš
˵ܶٵʱյΪ̻ĺôҲΪ̻ĸ֮Ȼǹܹɾ;˵ģܰһֻһ͵ֵ֮ǰеˡ
Ҳֻ׶ΣпϰЩţѾ͵ĽԴϰԴ󿴶ῴһۣмһˡ
뵽ƷҲ˼Ȥˣϰ˵ȻǺܶ࣬ҪײҪһǰ˵ϰһһĲƸ
ҪǣҲ뿴Լܲͨһ塣
뵽Ʒԥֱ塣
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޷ԣƷ΢΢һЦ˵
Ʒ㲻һµӣҲͲ˵ʲôˣﻹЩŭƷ֪ôҲøɴóƷһЩͷ֪һߵغ
սˣ˿ͺСӦǴһѧɣ
кϷˣҿʮ׶߲ȥҪ֪֮ǰսĺܶ඼Ǵѧ͵ӣսȥ
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ЩһŶûмʶΪֶ̻ΰɣΪ̻ȻǳĹԵҲ˶ʸأ
ܿ죬ЩͶʧˣȴƷѾɵ߹ʮף֮ǰһЩ˲²߲ȥ
෴ģƷٶȷǳ죬̬ǳ硣
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Щ˶ʱŴͣɵ𾪵˵
쾳ףֱһÿһѧУѧһֱС
ʮУŸѧУѧѾܱˣ˵ЩѰصѧһܳһ֣˲õġ
Ʒһɵ߹һף˵ĿʱѾĶס˳Ʒܹ߶Զܲͨһ׳塣
Ʒһһ߸ı仯֮ǰЩ仯˵棬ν
߹һ֮ȻһӾһĳ̶ȣѾֻкֲܹܵĵزˡ
ƷԽԽܹܵϸ΢ı仯ϵĸ£һ˱仯һӵġ
ʣµһ׵ѶȺ֮ǰҲǲͬն֮ǰ󲿷˶һ׵Ŀϣ˿Ʒһɵӡ
ͥһ߹׳塣
ʱը˹һ
ҵ죬ˣ


498 ƷһСѣ
˶ɵˣǸղǸѳƷ꣬ڸһֺΰĸоԭóƷҲһ㶼Ϊǿ׳ӡ
ҪóƷһЩͷȻ֪ˣһ֪ʲôо֮ܡ
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ԳƷ˵͸ǰ;һǰ˼
ΣƷϵĸնˣɨ裬һϢʾƷһҴ˳Ʒ˻֮С
ƷҲΪ̻ȷʵɴ䣬һ㶼ˮΪ̻ܹΪ̻֮һȻ˵ġ
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ҲǾྺ־֮󣬲ӱʵһġ
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ʱڳУѾԼĪʮˣΧ۵һ˵˵ЦЦԵΪɡ
ʮ˻϶һЩʮµŮÿһŻŶмǿơ
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499 ۲ʶ
ǣһһѣܹĶȥʱһ˵ͷ˵
ЩҲԼĽҪǳԼһһǾԲܵġ
ǿɶСˣǸƷأ˵ǽѧʦսĹھΣѧʦսĹھ㹻ĺģ
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ģ˵ͷƼӵܶǳУǽƺԺģʥŵĻǿɣ
Ů֣ɵǰһ
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ƷһţһӵܣвٵĺŴ壬Ǿ˵ԳңƼңңƼңңʸңңң˸Ϊףųư˴ҡ
ЩҺ鲼ᣬ֮УЩҴһ϶ֻһǳң֮е֮⣬ں⻹кܶҵӵܣЩȽϴĺʵгӵܵӰвٻӸλ
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һ˵ҵ嶼֮УΪӵҲѧ֮ѧϰÿѧܹȵѹֺͬεĵӡ
쳤ؾ֮󣬾γѹľˡ
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ҲһЩ˵˵ͷͬյĻ
գЩ鲻ԶﴫѣھǲǰҾֱѹ㿴ʱƷɲ˵ֻϺԣͷСʵͷˡ
˵ģɽҵ
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Ʒɻ󣬴ʱ˳Ʒ䳰ȷĻǻðɡ
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Ʒɣ۲ʶˣղ㲻ǻ˵Ҫѹôˣ
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ƷҲŭӿֱӴһ֪ôȻˣǾͱˣױ
ƷɴһһƳųƷ˹֮䣬зױտĴ֮лص


500 ѹң̶ֳȣ
Ʒ֣ɲǼ䣬ͳųƷݺݺ˹
߳ŭ֮£Ʒɳֲֹˣ
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һĳһ˲䣬һ£쵽𾪵ĵزʱƷɳ֣·Ĵ˷֮һ
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еķ֮Ҳһȭ֮У׻ΪС
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˭̫ˣղ˵ҪѹҵʱǲǶڸôƷЦ˵֮мֿǸʱô˵̫ˣھվˣǷǲ֣Ϊ˶ܹȴ
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ʱһŭɶһӳųƷ˹ûйƷȴƷһţֱӾͽ߷˳ȥ޻֮
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Ʒͱ˿ɲʲôϰߣΪûܹεôʱΰվ˳˵
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505 ɱ䣬Դг̹;
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ʵ֮ɴ˿ɼһߡ
ѧѧȻ鴫
ǵԺ֮мһӾðһ仰
ڴʱһĸ׳˳Ҳڵϵĺα룬˵λϾҪǵˣ뻹һЩҪѴң
˵Ŀⶼ˸ȥˣ˱ȺŰŵĴӵĽ̹٣ţѧĵʦֻȺǵϵȴϢ鿴ֱ
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Ϣ˷˵һ϶ûʲôϵˣǰǧȡĿԵģϾȫѧҲһѡ
ҲȺһονǻȥˣԵĴֱʣҲȺŵһӮѧһε۵ᣬ϶ҪԼĺպ
ִٰᣬԲʲô˲Ƶ̣෴ģ䱳϶Ǹ֮Ľײ


507 Ⱥŵĳֱ
ҲǸչԼʵֱ۵ķʽǳ˿վ֮⣬ʵֱ۵֡
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ͨޣʲôֱֵ޷Ʒ֮ǰõһͷ۷ֻһܹͨĴߵڵֵѾߵˡ
Ǻͨ޵ڵȣֱС׼ףֵһᡣ
ǶڳƷ̳˵ʼĵʥ˵һöڵļֵܹӳԭʮϵá
˶ȺŵĳֱʸˣѰ˵Ⱥóһö켶ڵǾѾǲСֱˣϾѧֱҲˣǰĹھҲãȥĹھԪҲãܹٵĿ쾳磬̶ܴϱǵڴˡ
ҲΪʲôƷһҪһεĹھĸԭˣҪ쾳磬ѶȾ͸һЩˡ
ȺŵֱʱȳƷĻҪ󣬳˳ĵһĽ֮⣬Ҫóһö𾪵ڵ
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ͷҲһ˿ɻҪ֪ɲһС¶ÿ۵ĽܷΪѧƶ˻ʤˣһѧѧóĽǽ۵ᣬʵǽѧѧ˹
ȥǲһѣҼѧȥʧ֣ҲǶڵĴţѧǼѧ÷ƣƵȵȣǽڵĴš
ţҲ˵һЩܵ˵Ӧû޷÷붫Ტ۵ġ
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ƷŲȺŻôĸһͷͨжôĿֲ֮ǰǵĹսּ޲սǸֲĴǳضᱻݣΪһƬҽܵ
ҪնɱôһͷޣȻҲҪƵĴۣȺıŹƽ뷨ó
Ҳ֪ܣǾֻһֿܣȺſ϶аڵһ䵽Լ˵ϡ
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ʣҪλһöڵʱһѧ˵
ӿһѾʼ˷ܺ𾪵ˣȻ󿪿˵ǻֱӲͬĵط½ǵ֮жǵϣ޾֮⣬ǵһɽϣһȺѾõĳǱڳǱڲͷһöͨޣ
Ǳһº򿪣Ҫ򿪳ǱǱҪҵɢǵϵԿףֻԿ׶ҵˣǲпܴǱĴţһ֮УǶȥѰԿװɣ˿˵ǵǵϣǵĸնϾͻյһЩԿڵĵϢм٣ʣµľͿԼѰˣ
һε۵Ὣһµʱ䣬һºǽǣףǺˣܹȡúóɼ
ƷʱˣĵҲܹоֻµʱҪһȷѪˣֶĶĶЩȥ϶ҪѪƯˡ
һε۵ᣬκһζѪȺͲпᡣ
Ȼ֪ȺĺʲôⶼҪ
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ܿ죬Ѿһ޴ޱȵĵͣ쿴ȥֱһޱߵĴ½ޱ޾ɭ֮С
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໥һۣʱǵϣǾʽΪˣǵĿ뻹䵽˳Ʒϣ֪ƷǵĴС
Ƭ֮䣬˱Ѿߵĸɸɾһͷ߬ɭ֮С
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ԶԶɭ֮У޾޵˻˷ĺĴǺӦ
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508 Ȳ콾ս
Ʒոսɭ֮Уûжãյ˸ȺյģЩܲԿ׵ĵصϢ
ƷͳЩص֮еһӶȥҲ֪Ǽ٣Ȼˣǻѡһ
ڻɱޣǲżҵһԿ˵ֻҪһԿ֣Ǳʱ򣬱Ȼһϯ֮ء
һ·ޣҲ˳ˣһ·ɭӶȥ
ʱǵǧҵĵطϣһҾ޴ޱȵսƯ޾εϷսڲѧУĶ⵼ʦǣиҵĳϣʦȵȣһá
ͨǻܹϵһЩ
ǸոտʼѣҵսѾչˣͻǵЩ꣬ŮǼϾ˳Ⱥӵǵϵޡ
ǵϻûоԻޣȻڴ֮ǰǿ켶ޣѾˣʣµǳ࣬ʵǿ
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ܿ죬ʶԼƵµѧǾͿʼˣղͬѧУͬɣңʼ
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һ糤ݿʣĽ˶һսꪣһ·ɱһѪ·һǰ
÷ƣҵˣ˵ˮԵĹɣı̲ιҲСˣѧ֮УǿҾȴ㿪ʼ
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ʵҲӹɣһ·ϽЩͬвһնɱ֪ˣҲк켶ޣ˵൱඼Ǻ켶ޡ
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Ķ棬Ϊ߿״Ԫ÷ҲǲŲæһտɫ۵ֻ꣬·ϣһƣΪų
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509 ƾǣ
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һöͨڵû˻᲻ںȻ˵ǱҪһºŻῪʵϣЩ˶Ǹѧţ֮еٮٮߣûϰ߰ϣڱ˵ϣֻʵĵõһԿףܹİ
˻ûֱӴЩ˶ɵȻҲףʱǴôҲǱˡ
һεײս֮еʦһ亹廪ѧѧʦǸˡ
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Ʒһ۷ֱŵ˫˵ѧѧռžԵƣʮˣһɫĺ켶ĸ֣ŵĵӵʵͲβˣǿҲǺ֣һЩֻذصΪ಻ǺͳƷǰ߿ʱ򾳽ࡣ
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˶ڶŵʱ򣬳Ʒֱȥʼӽ䡣
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ʱԭ໥Ķŵ˶ʼż
Щѧѧ˳ƷҪȸں󣬲ɵĴ
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֮иźѧУҲδضͬ飬Ҳʱϡ
ҪңƷЦſЩѧѧѧǶȻûкøеġ
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Щѧѧʱ˿֪ܲƷĺպ춢ųƷ飬Ȼһﵽжô׺ᡣ
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ȻǺ֣ȫһϣҲδܹǳƷĶ֡
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510 ӵɱ¾
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ȻոðͷĳƷ˵·־ͺҪĶˡ
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Ͼѧôˣ֮ǰƷȻеʦսĹھͷվĿһȺˡ
·ͬһεĸ߿֮У·ҲܹŽǰʮ壬ˣеͬ˵ȻԺյĴڡ
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һĽײţ˾ֻ˾ؽڵס˸ָĹʱȥƲɨ˳ȥ
һѿžͺصؽڳƷУֱֽƬһᱡ׵ľ͸趯
ֲҽײѧһӾͱɨ˳ȥȻƷܿҪǳƷǺε֮Ͼؽɨһ£֮
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ɨʱ򣬾һ޴ĺڶһиڿˣЩѧͳͳɨɳȥžžˣǺ쾳ĸ֣ȴܹסƷһе˶ûС
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511 ƷҪ
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ЩѧشˣҪǰһǧֻЩѵġ
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ңǾԿ
Ʒ˵
·ȴڲ֪ʲôʱѾᵶˣһų֮ƣֱն


512 һѪ
һĵͬ·еĳԱһĵҪӵıһЩѰĵ֮һĺȶûС
ĵȻնʲôֲԵٶȴǿ쵽˵ߺ
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·ʵڴѧ֮УٮٮߣȻĽ
ǧһʱȴƷ֪ʲôʱѾ˾ؽֱӵԼǰ
пĽؽڳƷ˵ǹؼ汸

һһݺײһ𣬻Ľ˲䷺˿һʱ䣬˵ĿˮһҵĶӿ
һп񱩵ſµɢ˿ЩԶԶΧ۵ĸѧУѧӴʱҲ׷˶䣬ֻöĤҪˡ
һɹɷӿ񳱽ǸƵˣ޷ֻоɵ紵ն۵ġ
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һ֮·μûκͣһ˲䣬ξѾʧԭأȻٶȳֵʱ򣬾Ѿ˳Ʒֱߣһնȫɢ貶ǿҵâ
᳤ȫɱڡ
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ˢ
һֱն˳Ʒͷ­ȴʲôûնУȻֻһӳƷȥ
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ʱһԵҲѾסˣڸͬĻƼӵܣɽׯĵԵþ뻮һĶˣֱӾ˽ɱ˳Ʒ
һʱ䣬ޱȵĻ
ʱ򣬻Ҳɱ˳Ʒǰˣһڳǹ˲䱬һǿɱ⡣
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гǹһһһ䴩˿һǹѸײڶ֮ƳųƷ˹
ֻһǹѣͽƷĿ䱬һƷ˲͸оһɿµ˺ˣµĿ紵·졣
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һôܣ
أӦǺأ
ҧֱоԼݶҪҧˣʱΪʲôôֲһȻ޹ˣƷʵǿ˲˼ĵز
ԭƷȽ󣬻ΪƷҲûʲô˲ģϾȻҶ˰æˢ֣ǻֵǺ˵ġ
ȻڳƷʵʵ֮ǰ뷨жôĴ󣬼ֱ롣
˼ǣƷôܹǿزΪҲѾ˺۷壬ƾŽļӳ֣ܹӳصʵ
֪ĿǰְǰļҲΪĿԶһ
Ҳ٣ȴ˿޾ڻĵԭ򣬻˶࣬ȴšһ˵ں֮ڡ
ȴͬˣǴСһɽׯһˣȻоǱ˴֮ҲϤͨϵ
ǼˣȻ޷ռƣ㶵һ˲䣬ĹѾȫƷ赲
Ʒľؽؼ汸ǳƷʱȴԹأԹԹ
һס֮󣬳Ʒû˿ԥȻٶȳһն
䣡
Ʒһն䣬ʱƴںһʱʧɫǴʱȴûбİ취룬ֻеѡͳƷӲ

һ޴ĽһƷһ£ʱо˫ֺ񱻾޴شݺݺһһ
ָоҪ˫۶ϵһγɽƣһµѧԸһĸ֣Ǻصĸ֣ǶȻƫƫ˳Ʒֲı򷨡


519 ɱ䣨£
ʲôڳƷĹ֮£ûκôΪûбȳƷӿ񱩵ˡ
֮󣬲ŷ֣ʮ˵ƾȻƷһ˸ѹˣ׵׵ѹסˡ



̶̼ʱ䣬Ʒն˺üÿһҪضնһ
ÿһκ綼ҪһԭõĽȻƷһĽƣ䴩ˡ
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һ˾ѹһǲûǻ϶ͱǴϲٵǰ
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ֶһˣƲɵƣҪ赲۵һѹȥˣôͻѸٵ䡣
ڣѾоƬ֮䣬ʹӻܺͳƷͥ񣬱ֱӾȫ䵽·硣
ǼƾͿʼѪƤѿ
䣡
һնݺŰڼֲסˣ˲ɽɽׯĵֱӷ׷׵˳ȥ
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һƺ˲͵˳ȥ

Ʒһʱĵ˲°ΧΪƷղͻ˽֮У϶һֱΧ֮УǼҪ֣ҲǸûġ
˲ϼԸɽׯˣƷǳŻƼЩ˷ȥû㡣
֮£ֻһ¶ѣмƼҵӵ˳Ʒϡ
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ĸҪ˫Ŀͨ죬һ̵ѾˣΪһԿףƼ֮ľӢӵܣ˵ԺЩӢӵܹļֵǰͶ룬ͳʮڡ

ħǹɨ˺üߵǹ¼ˣȴƷ˲赲סˡ
ؽؼ汸һǹͱסˡ
ס˻ĵĹ֮󣬳Ʒչ˷ɱ¾ذԽΪ񱩣սǵսȺս϶ûκġ
Ƭ֮䣬ЩƼҵӵѾ˲ء
ʱ˶ʼ˻ặηû˻ΪһԿ׶ηΪ˵ˣõԿףлõһöͨ޵ڵҲֻлһѡ
κҲûʲôϵ֮ǰǰ㺷ηĽΪΪʤ㣬ڳƷȴǵ롣
ֻһ˾ɱѪɺӣʣµĶʮƼҵľӢѧӵҲһסˣǰˡ
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Ҳһҽ֮Уն롣
һмֻǶ̶ʱھͷˣƷٻعʱһɽׯѾ·ˡ
ڹһʲôɢ֮ǰôƴĳ棬ڱƷնɱʮ֮ҲΪޡ
ƷҲûм׷ɱȥ˼һʵ̫ɢˣ׷ɱɱȴҲɱ
Ҫɱɱ˻ģô򵥵߼
˵Ʒնɱ˻ģֱȻ󲨣һʱ䣬˻Ȼ


520 ƽĳƷ
źŸŽֳĲҿǵսϵʱսĵʦȻˣƼӵܼȫûƼһҪĻĶս
Ȼ֮ǰѾʼвսǵˣǻ϶ʵȽϵµģ쾳ĸĶ٣ȴֱһ
ҪǣĿڻְʮͬ׶֮ǿ֮һˡ
δԵľӢͶˡ
ܹӵģ˳ƷҲûбˡ
ƼҲдӵܺɽׯĵӴϢ֮Ҳ֤һ㣬ȷʵǳƷͳͳɱġ
ԴˣƼҵĳǶˣһôˣ˵ǻƼһֱӶһ갡
ԴҪǻƼһ
ƼҵĳֱΧס˽ԴһҪһ
˶ڿţǽҵļϣ͸һϷӣǱͼƷʱǺ޲ýʬΡ
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˶סˣΪȷʵûӵĹ涨˵˵֮ǰҲûֲεĵ䣬ͨӢӵȻۣΪԵľӢһжǿ̵ġ
ȻȴǻƼΪеĻģ
Լû»Ҫֱ˿ԴѾͨĻƼҳϣ˵ҪˣֶΣģʽ۵ʵһôĻͱǼҵ
Դһ㶼ȻʲôҴܹߵλѾһ֮һˣ㲻ҴӵеӰҲʮ־˵ġ
ȻҺ壬ŷţܹͨߵ۷壬ӰҲ˿ѷɫͳܹͨߵȨ۷塣
ǣƼ˾ˣҳ˾ͲôʱҵĳϵʦҲȥˡ
ôƷƷҲǳҵҲɵģеġ
ʱƼҵ˲ˣƷǳҵһ磬Ҳʵǳϴڸ̫ˣĿŵԳƷҲٹˡ
ҵԼ֪ҪĥһĥƷͷ֪ĺôֲˡ
Ͼ̶ֳȵţܼ꣬ʮһȻԼģûɡ
ǳҵ˺ðԵ˻Ƽҵˣ˵ôʱҵĳҲʼ˶ŵ֮С
ڿһĻ⼸ۿžҪڧˡ
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ʱҵ˲ԴȻѧĵʦǺ첻ֳѧڲĲͬ˿Ǵսġ
Ҫսϣʹ˺պ첻𾳽࣬ƻ治ġ
λ۵ڼ䣬ʲôԹǻص֮нɣ
ʱ˺ܾϷȺŵĸ߲ڿˡ
ڱ˼ҵĵͷϣЩϢġ
˶ֻ֪ìܱʱѹȥˣƼһʧأ϶ưոݡ
ұԸƷºֻҲʹưոݡ
Ȼ۵еʱû취һǵֱ֮ҽ˶䱸źŸΪԤһ
ǽֹɱ¾ֻº鷳ˡ
ȴʶųƷնɱ˻ĵĿʼԭһߣһ໥ǵҲᱻͻơ
ʱΪһöͨڵֻ¶֣ʱһˡ
˶ʼǼԼѧٿãҲɷ˵㡣
οгƷƻƽڡ
źûˣǿƷɱ¾Ļ棬ǲ²ⲻ̵֮ʱȻƷһɱʮˡ
˻ģеЧʱ֮
ʱǵϣЩѧҲյ˳Ʒնɱ˻ĵϢĵֱӴӻְʧʱ˾Ѿʶˡ
ڳƷֵ֮ʱ򣬸һƬȻ
˵Ѿ˶ֲ໥ƴǱˣ֮ģǳƷõһԿ׵Ϣһʱ䣬ǵʼӿ
Կ׶ѾˣȻûԸ̭ʵ
һҹ֮䣬ɽ¥


521 ɱ㲻Ϊֹ
һöͨڵʵ̫ˣûܹӣһ㣬˶
ʱȴ˳ƷѾȡһԿ׵Ϣ֪ȻһƬʬɽѪ
Ʒɱ˻ģһɽ֮У÷ǹһͷ֮󣬲ɵ۾
ǲٵѧѧʣ÷ѧֵ֧ѡ
֮Ҫɱ˰÷̾һûип̫ãֺѧѧչɱ¾
ͬʱһɽٲ֮£Ƶٲ֮вϵĳܹɽʯѿĿֲˮȴ̫в
ԴԴܶʼĻҲ˸նϵĸϢ
ƷƵԺ֮ڿʼôһӡ󣬻ҲҪԴĶ
ڣһȺֶ֮һѣûʲôӰ졣
ֱ۾ٲĳ
ͬʱһѧѧڷˢֵ·Ҳõ˳Ʒնɱ˻ĵϢʱֻһֱĸо
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ϢʱַӦͬٶ˳ƷϢʱֻŭݡ
ƷҵţҪһ޴ָֻƽŽ˿ʼɱˢֵĹС
Ʒնɱ˻ĵ飬һѧ͵ӵУӰҲһöʯͷͶƽĺһȻ󲨡
ǾӢѧ;Ӣѧ֮ҲģƼҸǰ˴֮һڴŻƼҵĻıƷɱͨѧ˵Ͼƽһס
Ҳɵ෴ĶǴˣҲ֪Կ׶ѾˣһͱȻǸѪȵᡣ
Ȼļ֮УǵϾѾչ˸ᡣ
÷ƣƣ˾ͽӢƷ˾˸ָսĿǴнԿ׸
˵ǰ˵սΪǱ߻׷ߣܵ˵һȽϺƽķʽеĻ
ôԳƷĸַԵѪȵĶͲпĶˡ
ָķ˶ǵĸųƷķɱ˹
ǲģ˿ÿֲˣȴ֤ˣЩȻ˷ɶ˻𣬲ٻְȽǰеĸֶƷһԿס
Ϊ¼ҹ˵ĳƷ۸һЩܱЩżʮ˵÷ƵҪöԸһЩ
Ȼʵ֤ȴǴˣƷɱ˻ĵϢȻķǳĹ㷺ǽֻǳƷɱ˻ģǹڳƷͬʱɱһȺƼӵܵϢȴע⵽
ҲΪڻ˵̫˰ɣ֪ȤûС
ڣǾΪԼ֮ǰӸ㹻ĴۣЩԼˣƷչֳ˳ֶΣǵǰɱԼģƷͳͳնɱˣֻٲ˼²ԣܵĿ죬ûбƷնɱ
ˣǰҲгٶ˲˳Ʒϣһһμӵ۵ᣬ¾ٶ˳ƷϣвлְȽϿǰˡ
һʱ䣬óƷΪһǣ˶ע⵽˳Ʒɱ¾ϢҲʼ֮д
һʼǺ̫ܶ죬ûüյϢڣǶѾյϢˣﻹҹ
Щ˳ƷʮֺģΪ֪Լ޸㣬ʮ˵Ķ֧֣˸ôǰ̵׷ɱô
϶ǲҵģΨǿҵɱ¾ססǡ
ʵ֤Ʒ뷨ûЧʮְȺЩ˹ȻǱסˣϾٺõĶҲܣҴºͨ˹ϵ
ҲԸΪ˱˵Ķȥ
Ȼܶ˱סˣǹԿ׵ᣬȴûֹͣǼ켤ҵᣬսַݣԭõԿ׵ǼˣҲͨԼֶνԿױסˡ
Ƕںܶ˵ûеʱΪĻᣬǾʮ֮ǵһǱῪǸʱӵԿ׵˶֣ǻһλɱ
ϾֻҪһöڵδȷôǾͻлᣡ
ͨһ㣬˵Ŀⶼָһ죡


522 ͻƣ
Ʒķɱ¾ҲʱͣǵսϵĸŵĵʦҪƫƫǻûа취
ϾΣƷվǿѧǺʵģʲôʱУѧѧɱҲˣ
ȥɱƷϾѾռˣѧΪȥͷƷǺˡ
Ʒֱֺ֮ǵźѧУǵ֮ʧȥ˾ֻǼʮ˶ѣȴѾˡ
еѧУܺѧһɳǧ˲ս
Ʒţ˲쳹֮УȻֻһ֮УѾǼΪ׵ˡ
˵ʬ춨˳ƷȻº϶Ҳкܶ˶ڳƷ֮졣
һ㣬ԴҲһ㶼ںЩǶԳƷĥ£ĥ¶ֲȥǳƷƾʲôΪ۷Ĵڡ
˲֪ǣƷڽһǰɱѧֱ֮ӽɽͼĿռ֮С
ʱɽͼĿռ֮УѾһȦˣԭӣֱӾֳ򣬻ϻ·ˣʱƷҲǲϷȥɱޣƷˢ֡
ͬʱҲǼٶȣһͷ۷壬ֻһܹͨĴߵڵ֮޵ľֱǿ˹һķѾ׳Խ˳ƷѾ˺أò˶þܿ۷壬ˮɵĿ쾳硣
޵츳߱ģԼǳƷҲΪĽ
ڣƷҪһ԰ȫĵطͻƣҪͻƵؾ硣
ʱ䣬ֹʮǱĽֱǲڶҲյ˺ָܶϢȻעɳ˻ǶʱὫϢ͹
Ʒûɳ˺ԼͣΪԭҪԵĶ̫࣬ɳ˶İǺܴ󣬷Ϊۡ
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ɸǽһƷɽôóƷҲûлɽҪۡ
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Ʒʱó˵öѪԪʼ̷ȥ
ڣƷҲֻʣöѪԪˣֵҩ棬ǧ붼Ҫģܱǧļ۸
Ȼܹ󣬵ǮվǺܶģΪͻƣΪԼӵͻƣǮĴ۶ֵõġ
вţŹ˾Ҳã϶Ϊṩ㹻Դġ
̷һöѪԪ֮󣬳ƷϵĹڲϵıӿҩϵתΪǿĹ˺صϡ
Ǽ̵ĺص޾ĳ֮У׻Ϊޡ
䣡
ƷϵѸɢ˳ڳ˺صľ磬˳ˮ۵ĴӺ۷ȫµľ硣
ƷڵĹϵѸȫµĿȱѸٰ˺صľ硣
Ѿ֮ˡ
ͻ֮󣬳Ʒû˿ݣǼ۾˾硣
ʱҲڳʮ֮һһǰ
һ죬Ҳˣ


523 ϮȺ
һµ۵ˣ˶ʼǵһ޴ɽ֮ϣ˶֪һ۵ͷϷ
һеʤһս
Կ׵չҲڽȷ
ҪǣһöͨڵҲҪˡ
ѧɽϣһʱ䣬֣Ƴ죬ɽɽµҲЩˢһѻֵѧͳͳնɱ˸ɾ
ڴ󲿷ֵͨѧ˵һȷʵǹϵǺܴΪһöڵҲ䵽ǵϣ㲻СˣǵʵҲûܱ
ֶΪ֮ĶЩѧˣǵõˣû㹻ʵһСŽשڽһ
ˣԿ׵˽أ
˵⼸Կ׵ˣûһƲɣ϶Ǻݲӣ
Ҳһ˶˵ǸƷǹ¼ҹһ˫ȭѵ֣ôסôˣ
˫ȭѵ֣Цˣûɱ˶۰ٵô棬϶ҪȻˣǵϣȳȥֻ֮»Ҫ𶯺ܾأ
ڼѪȴսеѧԼĿ˵Ҳֶѡ
һ˵ȻѶڳƷʲôв·÷Ķأһоȫһˣ֮У׶ԸĻǳƷҹܻܿ⵽Χ
ٷְٻ⵽Χ֮ǰɲǶѾųˣƷֻҪͿ϶ܲˣ
һѪɺӣһε۵ΪҵһΣ
˶۷׷׵ʱ
쿴ְ񣡡أͻȻ˶ڿ˻ְ
ȻֻԭֻǰĺĻ־ȻڷĿǶ̶̵ʱ䣬ȻѾԽǰ漸˾ͽӢƵˣһӱƽ˵һ÷ơ
˻ʱҪôѧڷӦ˹ǺýƻЩʱĻֻ÷Ҳи˸ܳԽ÷ƣ÷ƳԽ˵ڶĶˣѾȲʤȯˣûмˢˣ
ԣǲ԰ϴ֮һҪȺŶȡھôѧ˵ѧѧǽ
˵ҲǺ飬ѧѧ˵Ǿһˣѧѧ˵ڲģڷǺֵ顣
ȥĴһѧȺŸ˹ھѾ⼸ѧĳˣһѧڻ̧ͷֻҪᵽ飬ͱȻ߳ŭ
ڣѵҲֵҲô
ʣǶ۵ĹھȻҲҪ˳ЦϺüˡ
иѧʼϢˣŻְϺĻֿʼϿ
ʱɽϵһ֮У÷ƵЩѿԣǴҪʱһϮǧ㶼û㵽ʱȻᱻϮˡ
ڼţδͬ˷ϣȻȴͬ˸ݺһѣ֪εŭա
ɽµҲѧĲˣʱ뿪ɽĻûпܷΪʤ
Ҽ뿪ɽȥˢҲܺͺȣΪ޷ֵķǳɢпܶʱھͷԺӦ;ۼһޣֻûɱȵľڡ
ģĴ治ģȴҲûκΰ취
Ҫǣʱ뿪ĻôǱ֮еͨڵ϶ͺûйϵˡ
ҪѡҪôȡĹھҪôлͨڵ
Ǻư
÷ɫ˵ͱ˲ͬĹھٶȱȺŶߣ౻˵䣬ɾҪױϳˡ
Ϊ˶ϣ⼸˵ϣ˸Ҳû
÷ԱߵЩѧѧҲΪѿˢһµĻ֣ΪľǶڣ֮ǰ˳ĶֶƣǵĲҲˣȴȻϮˡ
ʣȺѹ˸ӵꡣ
ƫƫǻһûеľϵˣ˵׻ѧѧʵ̫԰ˣȥʧҲǾֻżһεĸѣûʲô˲ġ
ŸȺԻᣬʵһεϮ
Ҳһݺݵİƣֱ˦ǵϡ


524 Ѫȷ
ǶЩڼΪ֮ӵ˵͸ԽˣҲΪѧʵ̫ˣΪˣԲŻֳС壬ѧҪһˣжƣ÷ƣƷƷɣ·𣬵ȵеŵˡ
ȺȷʵҲûôǿҲôΪˣǵʵȫ˺ϡ
ȴֱ÷֮еκһСŶҪǿĶˡ
˵ѧǳҲΪ̫ǿ󣬰ҲΪ̫ǿ
һӣ˶
÷ƣҪô죡˵Ŀⶼ÷ƣҪ⡣
ֻʣһ죬ȥˢ֣ѵܸϵϺôȻѾ׼ˣ϶ŹᣬҪϣҲûˣ
÷Ʋɵҧ˵ҪԼʧܣһ򵥵顣
һ˽ܣȻȡ֮ʱǱʵʵһѣԸ⻹ǲԸ⣬϶ûʲôΪʤĻˡ
ȻˣǾͽ߾ȫȡڵ֮ѧУѯе÷̾Ѿ˾ԼˣȻҲԸõ֣ǼȻѾˣôҲͲټˡ
ͨڵΪ󣬲Ҳ֪һεʧѧУָ϶ٲ˵ġ
Ǵѧʵͺ֮ľϱ̫Ķ䲻ãһˣ롣
Ⱥŵĺ䣬ΪȺűûôӮȴУȫõѧУѹ
ȥ߿״Ԫʧ֮ΣҲ˵һЩϾǧָ
ȻѾ˾ҲͲˡ
һΣһȫҪ㣡
÷ı䣬˵
ʱ˿˻ְϵı仯ҲɵסˣڵڶĶƣһӾͿ˺ڻϵķȻǵһһȺŶȥôٵѹҲ᲻С
һƵҪȻǺʣҲֱˣоԼǷһݺˣһ¡
Ȼ÷ֱӵľ֣һʧ֣ôĿɲ÷ƣѧѧܲˡ
һΣ̫ˣ֮ǰһֱ˵ȥΣû뵽ǾȻҲˣЦЦȴЦݡ
һȺţһһҿҪӦ÷Ƶŭ𣡡䵭˵һαˣ˽⣬÷ƾԲһưոݵԸ񣬱Ȼҵı
÷ƣƣǰ־ھˣʱĿɿڴĿŻְϵľ˱仯вɵþ̾Ⱥŵʵ̫ˡ
ȺһοǴ˫ɱȴ֪Ӧѧļŭ
һβμ۵УȻѧѧǣһεԿ׵УȻѶѧУɴ˿ɼȻڹھʧѧǵ֮Ȼ
£˶ڹעְϵľ˱仯ʱ򣬵һԿսһӱˡ
⵽˽˲Ǳˣ˾ͽӢԭһֱڿϷ˾ͽӢҲһ⵽ͻϮְϺüλǰéĸ֣չͻϮ
չѪսҪ˾ͽӢϵһԿף֮ǰֻǳֹ᲻ͬһεѪȵĶˣҲײеĶˣΪ˶⼸Ѿһλˡ
һʧȥˣǾȫûпܵõˡ
һϢѾѧںѾ˶һöͨڵıۣң۸񻹲յޣʱƣͻƵҲпܵġ
²ԼʹȥĻҲһһĲƸⱲӶ׬ôǮһʾ޿
ȻǰҪܹȡһöͨڵſԡ
һεԵøĲпᣬǶ̶ʱ䣬ϰˣͻϮʧϰˣһصʬ֮Ǳ뿪
֧˾ͽӢ廪ѧѧҲͬʧأ˾ͽӢԼҲΧ֮⵽ش
һʱ䣬ǵһƬѪȷ֮С
˾ͽӢ֮󣬶ƣ÷ƣˢֵĺ⵽˴ĸֵͻϮֽ棬֮ǰδйմս
ɽ¥ڲĿ籩ֵʱ


525 Ŀ
֮ǰͬһεսԸӵĲпᣬΪԿ׵ĿȨչǰδеĿֲײаΪĴΪԿ׶չ˼ҵײ
ʲô֮ҪӲпᣬֻѰ֮ôã֮á
õһöڵˣͷǳпͬߵĶ壬ˮƽһȫµĲΡ
ջûܹܵ
ȺŵһֱҲȷʵ㹻ġ
пĴս˴죬գ÷ƣǶ˾ͽӢǺסԼԿף̵УĴ۶ʵ̫ˡ
һԿսǧ˵֮ͣѾˡ
Ѿ˶ܲ˵ĵزˡ
ѾûԸΪЩ˶ƴƴˣʵôƴҲΪѧУŵĸ߲㳤뵼ʦָʾĻǸѡЩˡ
ϾиԵĽ
˾޴ۣȴɹϣڻصĿ顣
İԿ׵ˣѾȷյĹİԿ׵ҲԾǿʵԼȷʵӵһԿ׵ʸ
Կ֮УֻһԿ׵ˣƷδ֡
òǲ˰ɣ
ʱһ۵ʼѧ֮ǾǳƷѹͲˣĻѾʱôûгء
ҲûпܣɲҪȥô
ĻǾ̫˹ˣ֮ǰɱôҾΪʲô
˲䣬˶оԼ֮ǰ̫ЦˣΪİԿ״Կ׵˳ƷֵĻô֮ǰеɶһЦЦѡ
ΪûеԿףǱĴŶ򲻿ô֮ǰݸЦô
УһҪҵԲһ˶ſϷ
ܿ죬˶˹ʶԲܼȥˣǾͻĳΪһЦЦˡ
ƷػǺһֵģʱȻû˷ֹټ
ʱ˲ƺѾкܳʱû˿Ʒˡ
Կ׵ˣߵ϶ĿĽ㣬Ȼʵȴǣʱ֮оȻû֪ƷȥĶ
һûУǵô󣬹ƾһ˿źܶ࣬ϼֱǱˮнһôûС
˿ʼеˣˣô˵֮ǰһµŬ׷ˡ
۵һջûһôͨڵĴ
ңһҪҽҳ÷Į˵
ողӦһֵĹ˵ǽ߾ȫȻˣ׷Ҳ˲أճƷѹ֣ͳСˡ
ȶ۵һȻһöڵûеõǾĳһͷβʧߡ
÷֮⣬ǶƣǺ˾ͽӢҲ׷ͬжϣΪǵȸж֮УûһǳƷֵѡ
ֳĽôƴƴΪʲô
˾ҪٳȥƷʱյĳɽ¡
ƺûʶԼĳٵҪѧ׷ˡ
Ʒˣ
ڣϢѧʼɧ
÷Ƽ˵õϢҲڰˡ
ƷˣҪȥãһɽ֮Уս˫ȭ˵
ڳǱԶɳҲ໥һۣƺеЦãӳȻʱٵˣΪˡ
Ҿ˵ӳ϶µˣ
˵
ӳڳֵĻƿ²أֻ˵ŭҪŶӳйˣ
ʫ翪ڵ
Σʱǿ϶ҲԹۣĻʱʦֻôǣʱòãɳȻȻ˵
ʱɽµĳƷҲЩ֣ɽһЩѧЩѧҲȫһ޵ӡ
ƷȷԼûеЩ֮󣬴˸նˣɳ˷ż䡣
һһ鿴󣬳Ʒ֪ʲô飬ɵþЩЦһ˾ͽȮ˶ǣߡ
ҲΪʲôƷһҪһԿ׵ԭֻԿ֣Ȩ
ӳСģɽѾ޵ڵأʱƷյ˼ʫϢ
޵ҵҪʲô޵ڵңƷһЦݡ


526 ĶԳƷĿ־
ƷһһĳɽĳǱķȥԽǿɽѧҲԽ࣬˶ȺӵļȻ뿴ĽҲȺŵ˽ߡ
ȻƷʱѾĿĽ㣬ٲΪԼһ°׸ֳָ֣֮о˿Ʒζӡ
ȴû˸ֱָȳƷΪ֮ǰƷնɱ˵Ŀ
ǿɶѰһ޶ǻҪǿˣӾ˳ƷҪ˵ûһɵôܡ
ɽּС֮ϣƷžؽţɽ֮ϵһǱѾܹһЩۼˣּСϣԿһЩ޵Ĳк϶֮ǰѧˢ˻ֵЩޡ
ƷĵӺܴˣ֪޵ߣ
֪ʲôʱ򣬳ƷѾһ׳Ӱһսꪣס˳Ʒĺ·ƺ³Ʒһ
˲Ǳˣ
޵ҿãж˾һɣҸʱ䣡Ʒ˵
Ʒ㻹ôһĮ˳˲ǱˣǳƷˣ֮ǰƷֱӵһٵĽɡ
һսıƽ˳Ʒ
ʵȻ͵ƷһսʱȣǿˣڳƷһս֮У˺أھ뵱ʱѾȥˣɵʵҲǸһ˺ء
Ʒһ㶼⣬ϾɿǸ߿㱻Ʒһ٣Ҫûֱ֣˾֡
һϣʱ䣿ƷرҲܿرĿ
һЦһӰֱ˳
һӰеģǿţȴһ˵ƣһƷľؽƵؽ
նɽһĴˣְϵھ¬͡
ұҲԶ٣µҲԸӷƷԿףһж˵ȻĻǾͱԶˣһŮӰһߣͬʱס˳Ʒе·
ŮĸȻ㲻϶ôƯҲ㣬һǿʵȴһֱ
ƷҲǵһʱ㽫˳Ϊʵ̫ˣһεĻְǰʮҲֻôһŮӡ
һ
ֻĸôǵ׷أƷ˵
Ʒʵǵ׷߸ʲôɲˣǿˣֻ¶סһɣα
ʱڣʵ顣
֮ǰƷ¾ѧҲţЩΪ˾ܹԳƷʲôвʵϣֻز˲ףһĵز֮˫ȭѵֵĹɾͲˡ
˫ȭѵֵǰǣʵࡣ
ĸѾһ۵μļ֮һˣİԿ׵ͬʱ֣ݲſܳݡ
ǼѾһԿˣԲ̫ΪһԿɱƷΪûеսʱ
Ǽǵ׷ߺ֧ΧɱƷҲģΪûԸΪ˱˵ԼҲûôΰ١
Ǽֶò³ƷôҲûбҪ
ʱһɽͷ֮ϣɽׯһȺңңһĻ
磬һôˣôͬʱ֣ƷҲѷˣ
ʱԶ߹һ꣬ʵ
ʱֻƳһ꣬Ȼҡҡͷ˵㲻ףûкͳƷֹ㲻ᶮֿ־壬һҾͻǴģһΣҿɲȥһֱĸо
˵һμƷһ䴩ʱĸоĸоַ
ȻֻǺأϽ󣬾ܹӳصʵ֮еκһûµġ
ƫƫǳƷоһַĵУһԼϵĿ־档
ıɱˣΪ֪Ʒĸɱˣľնɱˡ
ֻΪɱ
ԼҲҪɱƷû֮ڿڶѣԲӹһ٣ٳˣҲˣǵõ˵ԿΣֲǼзݣԿ׵ˣҪ
ʤ̫СˣȻˣûҪǰȥˡ
ǵģ


527 ƾǣ
ڳƷĿ־Ѿ裬ֻԼûзѣϾֻǰôһΣⱲҲֻǰܹôһΣǾôһΣ̹ˡ
˵ôֲôǸȻЩŽɣʲôҲˣͬ꼶ͬ͵ѧôôֲ
û֮ǰźͳƷìܴܺѧ·ûгô翪˵
һ룬ƺҲȷʵӡ
֮ǰ·𼸺ǱƷѪӣһ˵żΧƷʱӦûվŶԡ
Ͼֻ˶ˣиϣ·ȴѹûг֡
ҲͬԭǱƷˣ
Ȼʱһɽ֮ϣ·Լѧѧڿŵ
·㲻ȥæôһѧѧ˵ǽֻΪ˿Ϸô
λһΧɱƷⲶκѧԣѧĸᣬһȴͬһָоı֮ǰǿˣ·˵ȲҪȿһ˵
һεĽѵ֮·Ҳû֮ǰǰţҪԸƷ˶࣬ôġ
ʱޱȵĸӣ֪ǸγƷӮ䣬ƷӮ˲֤ǶԵģ֮ȴγƷܹܱ
ʵ̫ɺˡ
ǴʱȴоƷƺɢһּΪΣյϢϣƷ˿Ĳͬߵֱ
ʱĸΧĳƷȴˣƺûЩʱĿ־塣
ĸɫֻҪӮң̫ܣ
Ʒ˵˵ţ˿ɽĳǱ
ʱ䲻ǺܶˣϾҪǱʱˣ÷ҲҪȼˣ˭ϣǴһϣ
˵ţƷͥŲֱɢһûע⵽Լվ֮С
һϣΪ˭÷ƣǶƣʱһ鲻ƵĴӳƷ˹
ͲаҲԼ᲻ǳƷĶ֣÷ӲֻһƷˡ
˵꣬ѾųƷɱ˹еķ컭һ˲ͳųƷ˳ȥ
䣡
һ˲䱬ļӳ֮£һ˲Ͷ˿ȻݺݳųƷɱ˹
һ˲䱬սֱӱ˳Ʒĺ󱲡
ʱ򣬳ƷȻһתı󣬾ؽ֪ʲôʱѾˣúõĵסһ

컭ֱӵ˾ؽϣ޼᲻ݵķ컭ҲûƿһľؽǱ赲סˡ
ǾʱĵڶιѾֱӳųƷͷն
ܹߵһǽң˵ٶȻ޿ޡ
һ˸޷Ӧ಻ĽֻҪһռϷ֮󣬾ͻ಻Ľֱָ׻塣
Ҳַ˵ûܹ赲סַ
һΣ˳Ʒٶȿ죬Ʒٶȸ죬ôƷʽǳƷҲ˿һ
أ
أ
أ
Ŷ̶ʱ䣬˫ѾʮˣײڶƬء
ʲôĹƷܹ赲ȻϿȫռϷ磬Ϊڸֹ˷籩һҪƷûȥ
Ǻܿ죬ͷЩԣΪȻϿȫȫռϷ磬Ȼʵȴȫӵġ
ΪĹƷסˣûзӳУΪÿһεĹᱻϣ޷ΪһεĹ
һҲˣǴһҲܷӦġ
λףƱĳƷսǸˡ
޷γĳֽ࣬ÿһ㲻ϾȫƷֻǼ򵥵̧־ؽ͵סˡ
ŵǣƷ̸Ķ˴ϣҲƷĻѾһֳ뻯ĵز
ʱʱһãڹעսҲһӷӦ˹ˣͨѧҲǸ֮ٮٮ֮еٮٮߣʸμ۵ᡣ
ǵʵһЩȴǲڿڡ
ʱҲ̲סˣһƷһУն
Хһеһ˷컭ꪣǻһһųƷɱ


528 Ѫ
еķ컭ꪣ˲˳һһųƷնȥ
ڷӦԼʵѾ·磬ʵѾ˳ƷƿصĽ֮һӷſƣʹ˾С
˵Ʊֲˡ
¬ͣͽ⼸˶ʼɫȻǶݵĺǱ˴֮ĹϵԾϵӶࡣ
ʵԽǿʱڿƺǺô٣ǾͳԶδʲôϢ
ΪֻҪܻ߻ɱ˳Ʒ֮ΪһöԿ׵ĹǱ˴֮϶Ҫչҵľ
һγ˿ֲѹƺΧĿһ˲ͳųƷѹ
ֻӵĳ̶ô̫ʧˣ
ƷХһʱеľؽȻһն
ӵס˵ɣ
һ֮Уؽսꪺݺײһ˲䱬ը˿һеһУƺγһɿֲһжʳƬ
أʱ򣬳ƷеľؽâȻһҪٵصĿֲһӽһеƽ
ˣ
һֱӽһͳͳնؼոջھȻǿնΪޡ
ķӦҲܿ죬һûе֣żɫȣֱһ

һȻڸղŵĻ֮ϣƾȻָһȻ似似֮УΪҲΪµľһһһһӿֲ֡
Ȼӵģ
Ʒ׼ӭʱأһ޴ޱȵĺ
Ʒƾ費һγԱȥʱһֻ޴ӳƷߴ˹ȥֱӺԶһòϣֱӽһòƬȥƲֺô֮ͣ
˶סˣһ޴Դǽɣһֻ
һֻǳֲڣղһھѾǳ˵ˣҪǱУ㲻Ҳ
ûеڶֿԣ
ǴڹŵƣִĿƼӶиγɵġ
ִᵱУֹӵбǻ϶ǹһȱǾԽֹӵеġ
ԹҲͳ˰ӶϲԶֶ̹ΣִոڣǵͷѾСĶˣڹʱһЩСھĴڡ
һ˵ĬıԸ޵ģѧ˵ҲٻѡıĻ˶ڵĻʽˣܾͲһôˣִսľ飬пܡ
ǸѧУҲãҲãֹ顣
ãããڶóˣ޲
ƷЦ˵
ڹŴǿҲһǹٸԸЩȥĸõİ취ʲô֣һͳͳҪ
Щù֮󣬼ִĺܶǹڶǸϲϵģٿ֮омǿĸһŹɱޡ
ѧ֮УǿҲΥ
ʲôͣѵҪ˵ʲôôʱ˿˹ɸߺһ˵֮ԳƷǿҺ⡣
ǳƷӸ߸ߵƶ˺ݺݴ˱˳ЦЦ
һ߿̽Ȼܸ˳ƷôһǰСֱܴ衣
Ʒ֮ɨǿҵɱȵ棬ڿûҪˣ
ƷȳѾǰȥ
ֱӴûֹͣʱȻҲֹͣ
ؽ
ƷеľؽȻһնϺȥ
䣡
âݺ˺һֱӺ䵽սϡ
̾͸оһǿɨԼ˫֮ϣǸղųƷûбֳġ
̾ͷӦ˹Ʒ֮ǰʵʱд󺧣Ѿ߾ȫǶĳƷΡȻҲ˵ƷҲǺƽĸ֡
ֻǳƷһʵ֮ĳ̶ȵĻ֮ǰеԤжĺܿЦ
ΪѹΪǵжϡ
ôܣ
ʱѾûʱȥΪʲôƷʵ֮󣬻˱ˣɲǼ䣬ƷеĳѾݵ˸ǰֱֱֱ̣̳һŴڿһ
ֻü̧սꪵֵڴһ˲䣬˫ֱӱѿֲ˫Ű
ֻһ¶ѣѾֲסˣ˲䵹˳ȥѪˡ


529 һģ
أ
ƺһȻ˲Ѫˣݺݵҵ˵ϣǻõͷѵ
ֻһѣ
˶ɵˣһֱԶս·˸ɵˡ
ȻеԶǵĹҲԶԶ˹ʱͨˣǺõĲУǽеһж׽ˡ
ʱҲʶƷȻʵ֮ǰƷʵѾˣڣȫĳƷȻôֲ
ֻһѣֱӷϵûҲֱʧȥս
ʱиǷͻ䣬Ƕ¬˵˸ûһл֮ᷢ졣
ȻѾѾ·磬·顣
ͬԼҲǺպĸ֣ųƺ÷ƽֶܵˡ
ûô򵥾ˡ
Ȼʵȴһ
ȵǷӦʱ򣬳ƷѾعˣĸΧ˲ͱһ
ʱĽҲûƷôĽ֣Ȼ˲һ
еڲŸոõڶȻ˸ǷٶȻԶԶȹŴҪԽĶˡ
ΣƷٶҲʵ̫˵㣬˵ǣ쵽⧲ĵز
䣡
еڵڶη䣬ֱӳųƷŶ
ڴʱƷԺ֮ʹһֻ˫ĿˣؼһпʼĻˡ
ԭѸͬһҲԳģ
ڴʱƷеľؽ֣ƷԲֻѣٶͬǿ쵽Ѱĳ̶ȡ
һһ㣬ݺնһ
䣡
һ޴ĺȻһձը˿
ʲôҲûʶ˵ûԼھȻܱƷոˡ
ʲôٶȣʲôֻǶ㿪ҲˣȻǱնġ
ʱΧѾƼǧѧֻǶԶԶĿţһĻ֮󣬶ֻǼ˹һ
ǿڰѧУ֮Խֹѧʹãʵ̶ܴҲΪ̫ˣһ˵ֲֻпķӦٶȣպ䱬
һѧ˵Ҳʵ̫һЩ
ȻһȻڳƷϾͲôˣô˵ķӦٶȴﵽĵزңԶмʮ׵ĻҲԼķӦٶ㹻㿪ˣǾôǰ׵ľ룬ˡ
ȴ֪Ʒ˻ʼս֮ٶǷӦٶȶһѰķӦޡ
ҲǱƷŵıָŵˣǳƷɲΪǱŵ˾ͷԼĽŲ
ӲһƷֶоҪˣȻѾǿˣȻʵϻûа취ִĻеȡ
ѸٹһֱۣԵĸоͶѾʧˡ
ʱҲѾɱ˽ɵĸǰˣٶ̫˸ûлʹˣֻܳͳƷӲƴһ
أ
һֲıը໥֮γɵġ
Ÿոս֣ɾ͸ܵ˵ϴݹĿֲľ
˲ͺɨ˹
Ϳǰȣʵǿ˺ܶ࣬ǵȹ˺أһ˺أܹ÷һϸ£Լܹ¶ԼҫΪѧһ֡
ȻŸոһ֣ŷ֣ˣƷҲˣĻҪ죬Ҫӿţ
⣡
ˣÿһϲȳصĺۼ
ɣɱңҾɱ㣡
ƲˣƷһ֮˲ͳŽٶɱ˹ˡ
Ҫȵ˶𣿡ɴһֻһѣѾֳ˸ˣԸϣҲóϣʱѾǳƷĶˡ
ղƷһѪˣ֮ϵܲ˵ĻôǾͻΪǰ֮
֮£Ҳֻܿˡ
ʱ¬ͺҲӦ˹һʱ˷ӦǵԵܶԸ˳ƷΨֻʤ㡣
ʱҲ˲ʲô棬˲˱ˡ
Ҫ£
˼ҪɱƷĸǰʱȴѾŭյĳƷһӱ˿ֲͬһϯ
¬˸ûзͱһ񳱸ֱƷ˳ȥ


530 ɱ
¬ҲûƷȻķʽǸƿˣļֱֲ
ǵĹҲЩʹǼʮͬߣڹϿܶ
ʲôˣţǧ֮ͬϺŵĴڡ
츳Ѿˣһ˵ѾˣˣǻǺķԴǵıΪǵŬѼԴ㾡ȫųɳز
ǼˣԳƷʱ򣬼ֱǲһ
һ֣ǾȷˣƷĹϡ
ǼֱҪɵˣǵĹ˵ѾͬˣƷǻǿǸʲô
˵ͷǿһСˣܿʮҲδһ츳ĸ
Ĳ֮࣬ͬҲо޴Ĳ࣬һЩ;޴ͬʮϰٱĶС
Щ˱Ϻûʲô𣬵ʵ϶֮еĹ̥ԶԶѰҪ׳Ķˡ
ǳƷǹ̥֮еĹ̥ǸεĹ
ɸޱȾ¬ͺʵȻ˵ҲھȻ𿪡
Ҳ̾͸оеĲࡣ
ǴʱѾˣڰƷ˵ʣѾǳ˺ˡ
ҪֻȫĹͷڱɢһֲֿŰ֮ǰƷһڵ
ʱҪֻֿȫ¶ʹҵʹ
ƴˣƴˣ
ɴһеսȻһն˳ȥ
޺޺ޣ޵أ
ɵϱǿĺ⣬ǽɵľѧҪԴ˵סƷ
С
Ʒɱ˽ɵǰֻ̧Ȼһ̤ޱߵĺֱӱȵӰ١
ʲôǿ־˳ƷֺаԵĴ򷨵ʱƺʧȥԭе
ƷһŲֻǽɵ־̤ɷĩӰ٣һźݺݲ˽ɵ塣
أ
ɼһҽУȻ˲ͱˣָоֱǱһװ׳ݺײһֱӵ˳ȥ޷ֵƷٶ̫ˣҪֿҲûа취
ֻȫĹͷȫˣȫʹġ
ȻƷֻ˹
֮дżɱ⣬ýɼϾʶˣƷҪɱ
Ʒɱң
һҲ˵ʱǰɲʲôѰﰡǿǽһ֮еĶٮٮߡ
Ǳ͵λҲͽǰĽѡ
ЦΪʲôɱ㣡
ƷЦһ˵
ǽҵϵˣɱңеĺ
æ˵
ԭĵƣôĳ̶ȿɲҷŹ㣡
Ʒ䵭˵
Ѿɱ˻ģ˻ƼңҪҽңܹܵģ
һһΪԼѰдʡ
أʱ򣬽ͻȻٶȳ֣ڣֱӳųƷҪˡ
Ʒоؽһĳ֣ɲǼ䣬Ѿɵնϣֱ䵽˵ϡ

ɲҽвѣղеĻΪʱѣϧƷûзɾ裬һôûС
ǰҶ˻ƼˣһʲôοֲǵһǽˣƷЦźŸʱеźȫжϡ
ң
ʱǵԶս֮ϣҵǣһҪˣƷôҪɱˡ
ҲϴҪ
ֹһҪֹ
ʱҵЩϲܵ˻ƼҵЩ֮ǰжôķŭԼұõĺҪ
ֻϧﲢǵĵ̣Ըûǡ
ʱɽ֮ϣƷѾ̧˾ؽȻһ£һҽУͷ­˳ȥ䵽˵ϡ
أԵɴ۾ƺһ
һ֪Ʒʱ򣬳ƷѹЬ䣬ʱƷֻѣѾǺ쾳硣
ֵ֮УûУôһˡ
ڣȴ˳Ʒϣ
ȻڳƷ˵ⲻﳤһѣҲĸУȵòԶԶ㿪ȻڣȴΪսᡣ
Ҳˣ
ʱ׼Ҫɱģ¬ͣ׵ױסˡ


531 ܲǷ¸֮
ƷǰжѣͽɳնɱܹƽƽĽɣȻôնɱǺ޻֮
Ҳʶ˱˴֮Ĳ࣬ʱͣǰ
ʱԶ·һȻ˵ӣǿƷȻͬǰ㣬ɾͽɸնɱˡ
ǱĻҪɵĶˡ
УӦǷһսպпܾˣƷǿǽɵ࣬˫ȭѵ֣Ʒܾܿͻᱻˡ
ȻʵȴƷ֮󣬼֮ھʹնɱ˽ɡ
սǾңԼûвΧƷս֮УĻǺϡ
Ӧ˵ˣĿԣ
һµʱ䣬ôôǿˣ·ֱǼ˹һһǰƷȻǿҲǺضѣڳƷѾܹˣеĲ̫ˡ
ҺûвȥȻĻֻ¶˼ҲģȻĸɱˣ
ʱߵѧҲһµĸоǵĻ¾Ҫ군ˡ
ʱѧлȻ󲨣ȻѧѾʧˣּһ顣
֮ǰѾһˣһɡ
ؼǣƷҪֵĻ¬ͣһܡ
ʱȻѾش˵֮⣬¬ͺ˶ʼСķ
ѾŽΨȫˡ
ƷҪˣѵҪȫΪôһ
ƷҲǲסЦȫΪУǺôһñӣ֮ǰΧɱңʲôֻɱң
ƷһʱһҪƿڴĳ嶯ȥõ̶ֳȵĻ̸ʲô
¬Ҳ޻˵ϾĸΧһƷҲ̸жôĹ󣬶ʱƷ˵ѵƷˣ
ⷴҲδ̫Ϭһɡ
ƷҲƴƣҸһ¬͸˵
ƣƾǣƷЦһҿҲûɣأһᶼլʺֻҪǿϸһЩۣҿԼ̣
ȥõլʺ񰡣Ҫǿĺնɱ˽ɣҲ˰
¬Ͷʱֻоͷʮͷڶ
ȴҲ֪ʱҲûбİ취ˣǻҲãǽҲãƷ˵ɱɱˣƷҪĻֻҲһ
˵ɣ
ʱǿԼ֮ǿܹ˵
ʱѾû֮ǰֽ뷨
ɣÿ˶תһڣΪǮƷ˵ֻҪһڣǾͿˣ
һڣôȥ
¬Ͳɵôһ˵δļֵ˵һȷʵ࣬ҲδˣĿǰ˵һǧһ֡
ǾٴǰʱҲûеֵʱ
ǷģҿǷطĹ񣡡
ƷƵ˵
ҿǺæģ
ãǽҧ˵
һҲˣȻûһڣǱЩеģһڶЩӴ˵Ͳʲô
ȻһԳ˴Ʒش֮󣬻Ҫܣȴûκΰ취˭ˣǼ˵Ĵۡ
ƷϣڽźŸ֮󣬽ҵǣȻ̱ɸߣȻϵˣǵ˽ɵʬ֮ǻǳױŭˡ
ЩҪҳҵƴҵһĪӦҵһ˽Դô
ûκԥֱİ͸ԴǮ˹ȥ
Ȼһںܶ࣬ǺǾĴ˵ļֵȣǾ͸ʲôˣǮ׬û˾ûˡ
ٳƷնɱ˻ĺͽɵ£ǲȥ̽Ʒ׸Ҳҽնɱ
ƷյǮʱ򣬻̱ˣΪԭڵֻһǧһǧȻԴغˡ
ö֮ԸƷ֮ǰΪѾ˺ܶǮѾ벻ˣպǮԲһǰʱġ
ƷĿһԣȻ˵ĺеӣ̲ס׵ĸоʲô
Ǯغһ룬Ʒʱû˺飬ֱӲͷĽ˴ߣԼǳɽ֮ϳǱķȥ


532 
΢΢һȻһڣǱסˣǲɳƷɱϡ
໥һ֮󣬶˶Է֮нٺҡ
ٿɵʬ壬ܹȫˣѾʮֲ׵ˡ
ôģôôֲ
ԭԿ׵˵УõģڿƷҲʲô߰
ͨڵ϶ӼˣǸϽȥɣ
һսĽҲ𾪵ΧսˣʱǶʶˣƷҲζһҲĸӵĲпᡣ
˶æɽ֮ϵĳǱϸȥлв뷨ܻܲˮ㡣
ƷʱҲѾɽ֮ϵĳǱ棬ԶȥǱǺܴ󣬵ʵϣǱǳ󣬳ǽ೬ףߴʮףһͷ
Ȼ˳ǱʽʵȴһػĻصĹ
ӦȺǰڽõػĻأ޲ͬĶ
ػģʽһطػĻأȻһһĽռΪС
ȻӮˣ
ʱһӰ˳㵵ĿųƷ˵ȻҲϵӱ˾ȻǳƷ
ͦΣһɲơ
廪ѧһ֣˾ͽӢ
ȻǳѧǺʣ˾ͽӢʵѧӢĶƵˣʣҲ˿ѷɫ
ҾȻֻôʱ䣬ƷҼסˣ
˾ͽӢųƷ˵
֮Уȴޱȵļɵ֪ȥΧ³ƷǼʲôˣҲ֪ǵʵԼκһɻʤ
ȻڣƷǶ̶ʱ䣬ȻѾ㶨⼸ˣҿǺˡ
ȻۿսʵѴĵʱһЩս
Ʒֻǿһ˾ͽӢȻ˵ȻҶѾˣأҪ˷ʱˣɣ
㲻żȻѾˣǺܿҲˣ
˾ͽӢ
֮⣬˻϶˵ҲǳƷһɵģΪˬԼ÷Ƶ˵ȥҳƷء
˭֪ǲŸոɳȥƷԼˡ
˾ͽӢ֮󣬵ڶ˲Ǳˣйһ֮ԵĶƣȻǳƷƣʵǵһμƷ
֮ǰڸ߿ǰķɴϣƷһζƣǸʱ򣬶ƾҷɴģĿĽڡ
Ǹʱ򶫷ƺѧγͬ硣
ֻһ쾳磬һž޴Ĳࡣ
Ǹʱ򣬶ȫеһ֣Ʒȴֻǧ֮зǳƽһƵȻע⵽ǸʱֻǸСĳƷ
˵ƷͬΪгŻĶ࿴˼۳ƷҲЩɻ
ʱƷȻâǴյϢƷʲôƲ磬ٸ·յ˳Ʒնɱɵ飬ȻٿʱĳƷȴ˿ովսӡ
жڳƷӸ߿һۣҲԼĽֻǿ˼ۣѾνˡ
ʲôҪԼʵһеĹؼ
ܿ죬ĸҲˣǾһȺ֮ĶȺŵϯӣ
˺Ƕƣ˾ͽӢһ֮ǰˣһͨǻûǣ߰˵ʣѽܵ顣
ƷҲеĴһº⺫ĶţһȻӵģһţƷȴº͵£˼ֺ֮ɫ
÷٣ҲǳƷͷһμ߿״ԪȻһѧ֮Уѧ̫ˣǿϲ̫ܼ
÷һǿ˺ȣĸдһЩһֽһεİ㣬ǿ̹ġ
ڵˣԿʼ˰ɣ
˵
ʱƷ÷ƣƺ˾ͽӢ׷ǺĬĽ˸ʱѧҲֻԶԶĿţ޷
ûн͹ͨȴγĬôˡ
Ҳúܶ˶ʧˣȻ÷ƵҲͷˣҪֹĻһγ˳˳˭ܵס
Ҫȶ֣ȿţƷ˵÷Ƽˡ


533 ֶԸңã
Ʒˣ˵ҪֳӮĻҲ⣡
룬ȿ˳ǱĴ˵һöͨڵ룬ʱ͸ƾˣ
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˾ͽӢ˵֪Щ˶ڻлвоֵĴڣʱǴһˡ
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ȻˣǾóԿװɣ
÷˵ţóԿףҲ׷óԿףڳǱĴŸӦԿ׵Ĵڣʼ¡¡Ŀˡ
涼΢΢ĲΪΡ롣
ڴŵıһ޴ޱȵĹ㳡ڹ㳡ϣһ޴ޱȵĽ̨ϣһеС
˵ĺΪ˶֪ҪҵĶһеС
÷ƵˣһӾʹ˳ȥƬ֮䣬Ѿ嵽˹㳡һ̨ϣһ˾ȻǺ
ֱ֣ҪС
ҲȾָ
أһȣ˾ͽӢˣ󣬾ͳźȥ
˫ֺһźȥ˿µĹơ
ĳѧ˫ȭ˫ȭǺҲӲӣֻѡ˾ͽӢȻһն
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˾ͽӢҲ˿£˫ȭӭһǺȥ
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Ͼǵʲôʱ嶼ѺᲢۣʩĻֻȭͷᱻն
սĿ񳱣ֱԶЩսѧǶֻ΢΢ɫֲ̫ˡ
ѧ֮۷սЩѧŸǾúëǵĻֻһ˲ͻᱻһȭ߱һնɱ
˶ǿ˼µ˭Ҳ˭
ں˾ͽӢʱ÷Ѿϣֱӳһץ˹ȥ
ʱһӰѸײڶ֮Ƴɱֱӳ÷׷ɱȥ
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һҲǱȵ÷Ʋò֣ϣ֪ʲôʱѾһڳâɨƬ֮䣬γһ
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סµһ֮÷Ҳ룬һյǰȻԸٶȣɨ
н֮𽣣
һ磬ڰɨһƬ⣬ɲǼֱӳŶƵĺ̶ֱȥ
죬죬죡
һз̫ˣâҲ˸żΪµɱ֮ɲǼ䣬Ѿ嵽˶Ƶǰ
ǶҲǵУеս֣ǧһ֮ʵסһ
˵ʹս˲ͱˣʱԶѧɫף˵ĴսֻǱܲ
нɽ񵶣˫ȭԽȻǸ
Ʒ棬ĸ˲ͬеٮٮߣͬԺвࡣ
ЩѧЩʮ꣬ʮҲδܹȫգǲǶʮ겻һЩȻѾܹյ¯ˡ
ʱ˾ͽӢҲѾע⵽˳Ʒδս˵ʱûܹ赲ˡ
ֽƷռ˱ˣ
һʱ˾ͽӢҲͬӵ⣬ɲǼ䣬ѾųƷɱ˹
ֶԸңã
Ʒһ˲䳯˷ϣϵϢҲڲϵɲǼ䣬ѾԽ˼ޡ


534 һȭ뺫
ɲǼ䣬ƷϾѾԽ˼ޣĳܱӿɲǼ䣬γ˼Ϊµ
ҲĿųƷϵϢӺؿʼ嵽˺۷壬ȻȻһӳ嵽˺ء
ǳƷصʵǴʱûжϳƷľʵֻǿųƷϵϢ˲䱬ˣһǿ˺ܶࡣ
ʱ˾ͽӢҲѾо˳ƷͻȻƷ֮ǰһֱƼֱͬ󽭱˲䱬ˡ
ƶѣȻһԿֲ޵Ĵ
˴ʱѾô࣬ǺеĺԽֱӳųƷն
ƿޱȣնµĿ񳱡

Ȼ󺫱ͼ˼ΪֲһĻȴƷȻֿȭֽ̧סܹնƵĿֲһ
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ǳƷûиʱ䣬ڽһһɲǼ䣬ƷָȭֲȭͷŰ˿µȭͷΪȻһӺ˳ȥ
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ֻһСĲѣڳƷȴĿֲࡣ
ֳ˶ʧˣ˿ƷѾ±ˣղŴӺ֣Ʒֱӳ֣һ飬һж̫ˡ
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ʱǵս֮ϣȺŵĳǶе±ˣȻˡ
ǧ࣬µ֣ϧֶΣһ÷ƵˣΪĲúһٵǶô
һȺŶ֮ں˲֪ȳĸһսѡԼĺȺ֮С
ѧһѧѧУ֮ж̳ԲŻź;ӢźҲҪѧ˸ѧ֮ѧγһõѭ
ڣƷһȭһĲôĻҷʲôϣûˣǻһöͨڵļֱֵɹ
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Ǻ޲óƷڿƷǵһܿӱ
С
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ÿѧô̬ѧȻÿ궼дѧҵʵѧǵʦǸе֮ĵһ
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ʱ˾ͽӢҲѾɱ˳Ʒǰһɱд󺧣ȻʱѾˣͳƷλ̫ˣ޷ˡ
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ȻʱһڳƷȴʧȥЧΪ˾ͽӢ̾͸оˣԼ˫ȭƺһ޴ĸһ
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Ʒ˵ţڵѪʼƳ꣬ųƶеһʵ֮ǿѷ֣ǸʱƷֻһСѣᲢۡ
ڣվͬһΣ


536 ˭ֹƷ
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Ϊڸ߿֮ǰҲûô˵÷Ƶ֣ǶƼһյĳڶߣ͵ı˼ҵĺӣ
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ƶʱоֱһпµĹɨ˹һתԼֿһǿס
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ƷХһһֱӴһУâһжһС
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һǳƷһѾɨ˹ֻüҴһȻɲǼͱУػ⵽˾֮ϵ֮ĺһȫ΢΢ڼֲסˣ嵹˳ȥݺˤ˵ϡ
Ƴ֣
˿һĻЩѧǸǾ
޵а޵УܹأĻʤ㣡
羪˵Ҳжϳ˳Ʒʵ
ƷǺ޵У˵غϵĶֶҲѾԽ硣
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537 ս
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һɿµ˲䵮ԳƷΪĳ˷չ˿˶ɴ۾֪ƷΡ
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538 ˵
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Ʒһֱ÷ֱ۶΢΢飬ûĻţӵޱȵţžԵܹܳƷ
ҲδأΪ߾һôƷХһͬ޾壬˵սڣѾηˡ



Ƕ̶̵ʱ䣬˫ѾƴʮУƷҲڽ÷ƸһЩˡ
÷нʹãÿһֽвͬЧܣ
÷ȷʵ߿״ԪݣûгƷĻ¿Ժѹͬ
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·˵սֻûԼ֮ǰûǰȥȻ˵ͺͽһ³ˡ
֮л뷨㲻û᳤п﷭ڳƷϡ
·ǿҲĿɿڴԭǱеҪڵ뷨ʱѹסˡ
ֻ˵սֻۻҡ
սеĸӰȻһαһθǿĲ뺣ƵĽâԽԽ֮ʩչ˵ڲϵܹӳ֮ǰҪǿϺüɡ
һ˸޷ֵסǳƷľؽȴǽУԽԽ̣ܲ͸磬ˮò÷ƵĽâжôĿֲ޷ԳƷʲôв
÷Ƶ¶˼ֽɫԼžԵţǴʱĳƷһڹһԼȫػС
Ҳûа취ƣʩչƻΪǿĸҲ޷ͻơ
ȥսͻӳΪ־սʣⲢҪġ
ʱƷͬԽԽǿذԽĵؽգҲѾ¯ĵزˣǾĳ뻯ȴһξ룬ֻ˳뻯Ľ׶ΣƷܹӳذԽȻʱ÷ܹƷһ޴ѹѹȵĳƷڲϵͻơ
ʱƷ˫֮з·һ־侲״̬ĽԺ֮ͷ˳Ѿ˳뻯Ľ׶εнڴʱĳƷҲûġ
û޵е书ֻ޵еˣ
ǵս֮ϣŵĳϺ͵ʦĬˣеκһ˶ѹֵͬıǵĵҪǿ̫ˡ
˶۲Ŵԣδǰ;û뵽ѧһȻ
Ϊʲô֮ûأǸ÷Ҳˣ˵СͺܳڣƷǽѧ֮Ŵʣվ¼ӢŰ
ѧĵʦҲͬ죬ѧУ֮гҲ֪Ǹø˻Ǹơ
˵ĳҲζǻס˵Ĺâ
أʱ˵Ŀⶼ˹ȥ˾
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539 ˼ĳƷ
˶ΪսҪһʱʱ÷ڶˡ
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Ȼ÷Ѿ಻סˡ
ܹоƷʩչذԽ𽥵ļ٣ǽȴԽԽ
Ҳ˵ƷȻΪĥʯڲϵĥϱǿ
÷ҲɵôĿԼΪƷĵʯ
˲䣬ֹͣ˶˽ĿųƷ˵ƷǺôĵӣһûм㵨ôģȻΪĥʯ
÷ôһᣬѧҲڻعˣһֻȻĸоѹսһ˸оĸо
֮ǰֻǸоеŤǻûзӦʲôʱս֮е÷ȷӦ˹
Ϊֱܹ۵ĸоƷԽԽѲԽԽֲÿһж֮ǰнȻķȲǺܴ󣬵ջۣȫۻ֮󣬾Ŀֲˡ
Ѿܹ÷ֱ۵ĸоˡ
ƷôĵӣȻ÷Ϊʯ
ûˣ÷ֻҲʲôƲ磡
ΪʲôôΪʲôǻͬһ
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÷Ƹ˵Ҹоĳ𽥼ľ绹ûпأʿȺأĹվûа취Ტۣ㣬ʧֻǳ飡
ֻҪȥҲҲѡҪף֮ʵĲ࣡÷ϻָ˾Եš
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÷֮ǰ֣еκһ֣ѾֲܿˣǶųƽ÷ƵѧҲֲס
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һ֣ҲɲǼ䣬ؼеĹʶнװˣ˶Ŀεһϡ
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ѧǲҪΪƷǣΪ˵ƷʤĻһ˹¼ҹ˵δܹĹǣǻһЩϣģ÷ƻʤĻѧΪܣкܶ׷ߣҪжȡͲ̫ˡ
˻ϣƷ÷ܹܾˣĻǾлᡣ
˵һжΪԼѣΪġ
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۷׷ףѾܽԵĳǿһûܹ㿪ĳƷûһǰʤˡ
꣬꣡
÷ƲϵļٺһǶ˵Ҳνľ޴󣬲ֻҪܹشƷôһжֵõġ
أʱȴ֪ʲôʱһ޴Ľâ˺һɿֲķ糱һȳɲǼ䣬ƽ˾
ǡ˶ˣһĻΪһâ󣬳ƷԳΣûͬش
ȫ¸ɸɾһǱûУֻôƽվȻһƥеĸо
ܣнһȻһ鶼ûУ
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ųƷпܽԼһǾ벻ҲԸܣƷȻ˵ľ͸ˡ
ѧǶˣսϵĵʦҲһĿɿڴһĻ
ڵѧһһͣнѾֲܿˣƷô˵ľܹˣ


540 ÷ƣ
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˶ʣƫƫһͷûУΪղųƷϰˣŤһеĹߣͿôġ
Ȼܹҵһ
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ĸҵذԽĵؽҲѾʽ뻯ľˣ
Ʒ˵ûʽؼʱ̣Ʒĵؽ˳뻯Ľ׶ΣԲܹ˵Ľ÷Ƶһ
ĵؽûͻƾ磬÷Ҳ˵ĵЩǱѣĻʼս֮ǿȻӹɣѰܹᲢ۵Ĵڡ
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Ʒ˵ʮƶΪڵʵļ֮ƳֽȻν˺ܶ࣬еԭ̺Ĵǲġ
кһ߾磬зֿСʵ˲·
ҾȻߴ·
÷ȫ𾪣𾪵ͿƲסΪֻԼΪнʵῪ似ǳŴ似似ļһŴż֮дģһַǳĽ
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÷һֱɣʵһѽӦ÷ֿɽ֣Ȼ
÷һֱҲģΪõǲƪԻЩ÷һһĲеķõķ
÷нһ֣Ȼ޵У֣Է֣Ҷһ
һֱ÷Ƶĳ֣һ˾нԭĽŵģⱾһʹõĽҲ÷Ƶϵõʵ֡
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543 ɱһӰ٣۷
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ʮͷųƣЩѧңԶҲܹó
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÷ƣƣ˾ͽӢҲˡ
ȻƻûлָҲһҪĶˣҲǷսڵһߡ
ʮ˵̸ֶ˵ѧ˵Ʊ
ȭʦʮ˸ͻԻᱻѧĴȻûʮͷ޵Ļôǿ϶顣
һʮ˸ͻ˷ߣ޸ֱ˺ѿߣôǿɾͶˡ
ûһǱΪĻЩѧֵܵסô޵ͻϮ
УƴҲҪסǣĻ߶һ
÷ƴһ
ϧʱƷڣڵĻǺôôȣ
ʱȴͻȻ˵
˲Ǹͷ˾޴Ӱˣ֧Ŀ־塣
ʱĶַϣгƷĻʵһûˣסһ
ǲܵģ뻹ס
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˵֮ȼ˼ϣǰֻҪΧססôЩ˳綼ǵϡ
ҲûбѡЩ̫ǿˣǺ۷ĺ֡
ΪάռͨĴڣҪʮֲֿԴÿһδͣҪķѼԴ
ѡĶǾӢ֮еľӢ֮еĸ֣
ʱʮӢҲѾɱˣûзɢǼеһͼߡ
һشһݺݵĺ֮С
һʮˣǺ۷ĸ֣ĸ־ۼж֪ɲǼ䣬ֱӶߡ
Щѧһͱ䣬һжס
ܿ죬Щ̵ĸǵĶ֣÷Ϊ׵ѧ֮еľȻɲЩ۷̸ֵĶ֣˵ڿʱ򣬻һӵסЩ̵ĸ֡
һʱ䣬˽ŵ״̬Щ̸ʵǿÿ˶ԶԸüѧһ֮ЩԼѧǸĽڽڰˡ
ѧΧ۹ԽԽ࣬Щ̵ĸ־˽ŵ״̬֮С
Щѧ۾϶ûа취Ტۣÿһ˶ǾӢ֮еľӢѧᣬЩ̵Ķܱȵ˵ġ
һʱ䣬ȫ˽ŵ״̬
סǣֻҪסǣǾˣ
÷Ƹߺһ
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ס÷ƣ˵㣬ڣ
أһ޴ޱȵĳХ
ȻһѪɫӰǺ˹ֱӳȺ֮Уѧ⧲ͱײ־Ȼ˻ײ˵ȥֱһЦһģǾǶԷ켶ĸ֡
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˶һ˲䶼Ӧ˹
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Ȼ֣Ǿһˡ
ǧΪǴͨζʱشؼ䲹ǧУҲȥ磬ɱ߽߳
ּĸ֣ǧҲѽΧɱʮ˵ĻѶȣò˶þܹɱ⡣
ǵǿߵʱϾϳݡ
Ѫӣ


547 ֵĿֲ
˵ɫһӱˣ˵Ѱ֣ǻԶһȻѪӾԲѰ֡
һ֣ʮ꣬߰ʮ֮ͻƣѪδѾ쾳硣
ʵ֮ǿѰܱȵģ
ȭ׳쾳Ҳõģ߰ʮͶʮ죬ûпɱԡ
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ѪΪĴ֮һ⣬ЩѧҲ˵Ѫӵ顣
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ûңһе֪ȵģǶʶңѪ΢΢һЦ˵νʶʱΪܣǶϸѡľӢ̾ȱľӢţһᣬԸ̣ΪЧǾͿԲ
ѪӣΪп𣿡÷˵ֻ֮һЩӰͲҳĳѣ
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Ѫ˲䶯ˣһ˲䣬˾ֻѪɲǼѾ嵽÷ƵǰɲǼ䣬Ѿ÷Ƶǰ
ֱһƴѪѾɨ÷ƣֻǼ򵥵һѣȴӵſȾѧľ
÷æ̧˫ֵֿҲֻǿӦǻǱУ˲䵹˳ȥ
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÷ֱӵ˳ȥ嶼ɢ˼һһѪݺݵ䵽˵ϡ
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ʵ̫Զˣ˵Ͳһϡ
һش÷֮ѪҲֻһЦ˵һöͨڵأ˭˵һһأϾҲһҪɱˣ
Ѫӻ˵м䣬ѹûн˷±Χһ𣬶˵Ҳν
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ѧǸѧŭĿӣ֮ҲûʲôϲƷʱ򽫳Ʒʣֱһֱѡ
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Ĳ˼飬ÿһ˶ĳƷǿƽʱƷݣҲֻתߣ֮֡
ʮѾɱ˹Ʒȴһ޶Եģ
˶֪ƷҪʲôսϵЩʦǣЩ̸ֳȴһ
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̸Ѿ嵽˳Ʒһڵʱ򣬳Ʒڶˣһͼ˲ͷ˳ޱߵѪϯ


549 ħ˼ͼĿ
ޱѪɫ˲䱬˿
䣡
һɿµĿڳƷ߱ˣԳƷΪģ˷ɨ
ʮɱĺ۷ĸָ޷ȫһѪɫĿ񳱸˳ȥ
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ԳƷΪģһԽԽӴ
ʮŬάסβɳȥ̺۷ĸ֣ûüӦȴһֱ޴ޱȵѪɫֹǴӰ֮γɣȻһ˲ץǡ
һֻ޴Ѫɫֹǣʮ׳ҲкüףȥޱȵӴһѾץסеļȻһץջһѪ
⡭⡭ʲôʱǼɱ¾Ҳ治ɫ̸֣ͳͳɫˡ
ǲɱ¾Ǵ֮ģ治ɫʿ
Ѿ֮ǰˣǻûиʲô飬ôĿֲ
һֻѪɫֹҲûиǶȥʱ䣬ɲǼ䣬Ѿɨ˳Ȼݺݳץ˹ȥ
ǴʱһӾΣգҪߣǸֱӱһֻ޴ѪɫֹץУȻץѪɫ籩ġ
Ѫɫ籩ģһֻ޴ޱȵͷЩ˾ͱֱУҧһѪ
һգ۵Ĺʮ̵ĺ۷ĸ־ͬһɨͷС
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ڣƷĹȻԶԶģֻܹٻһѪɫĹͷѣˣҲѾΪֲˣֱ۷塣
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ʱ޿̶ӰʹߵǣڳƷԺ֮еܵһϵɢóƷڱѪɫӰʧȥǡ
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սپ
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ѪӣڻҪ𣿡Ʒ˵


550 ŰɱѪ
ųƷĻһɿµѪɫϯ˳ǽϵѪӡ
ԭһ̸ֱЦ˵ѧİΧҲ޾ɫĳƷʱɫ䡣
ΪѾо˴ʱƷĿֲв
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Щ۷ĸָǳƷĶ֣ѹֻԼסƷʱ䣬ֻһҲãûҵǡ
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551 ۵Ļھ
ǿޱȵѪӣһ֮÷ƣƵ˴ĺ޻֮Ҫһ֮ѧ֮ӢĴڡ
ڳƷϣȴǶ֣ǱɨһŰɱˡ
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֪жԹҪٿȺŰ۵ĹھУԹ͸ˣصѧС
۷׷֮ʣƷѾɱǰʮ֮ˡ
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ȺŵĵӵֹҲ벻ʲô취
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۵ĹھҪˣ
ÿһÿһ룬˵Ǿ޴ģƬ̼ĹѾоԼȫʼѪÿһϸб˺ѵĸо
ʱҧ֣
Ʒֱɱǰ壬ֱƺ÷ƣƵˡ
ƷڻְϵĻֻڸ߸ͽһ·ɨȥٶɱɽʱѾԽڵĶơ
ѾΪ˽۵ĵ˶֪ʹ˷
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ڳƷǰģҲֻʣ˵һĺѾûʲôˣֻʣ˺ɫ࣬¹֮£Եøį
֮ǰƷɱѾ㹻ˣ۵ĵһҲҪƷһߡ
ҲûоϺܾãΪƷٶһϰ֮˲ֱӳԽȷֵĳԽ
һڳ䶨
۵ĹھҲͬʱ䵽˳Ʒϡ
һε۵ᣬȻ󱻳ƷϮѧ漣Ķ۵ĵһٰһεȺţ׿㶼ˡ
ʲôûʣ£ȻҲ˵һǶ۵˵ڵĻʲô嶼ûˡ
ȥò׶ӪƣֱɢӰ١
ȷԼѾ֮󣬳Ʒڼֲסħ˼ͼ˲ɢƷҲϰ׵ĸ߿֮
ߵĴӵޣû˵ʹ֮ЩҲɢ׷׳ɽ±Ӷȥ
䣡
дһ죬һ޴ޱȵĽҲڱƣһҾ޴սһ˽
˶֪ε۵ᣬĻ


552 ұɱ
һսǵ֮Уһ˲䣬޶˲䱻ˡ
һսϣֱӷһǿޱȵ
ÿһֱӴӸ߿£治ɫչһ
Ҳֲֻܹ飬֮裬ܹԶĳ˵ѾǷˡ
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ǸѧУĵʦȲĴ
ʱƷǰڵϣϴŴȫ¶ڲϵѪȫͺѪһΪˡ
óħ˼ͼƷȻǴɱķͬħ˼ͼҲһ˺һɱһһǧֶΡ
ȻԻ͵ս˵ʧǿԽܵġ
ʱɽͼ֮еʯѾĴˣ棬ȵĳƷ֧ħ˼ͼ
ֻһ˲ѣͲûóƷ嶼Ϳգ·һ˲˺üꡣ
аվаȻִᲢаа֮Ա֮ΪаΪаԵһ档
۵ĹھҲǶˣ
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ʱԺ֮лĶѪ˵֮дֲֻ֮ǰȥֲֿڣֲִʱˮһ㣬ͳͳӿϡ
֮һ⣬ǳƷͻȻֻҪȫû
ʱ򣬳ƷĵطϿգӰӥʳһųƷķɱ˹
Ѹײڶ֮ƺݺ׷׳ųƷķɱ
ƷɲǼ䣬˷Ӧֲֿܵв
䣡
һ˲䣬ӰݺȻֱӾ͵ƷվĵطƬ
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ˣΪƷ֮ǰҺͻƼҼˣɱ˽ɺͻģȻˡ
Ʒ㾹Ȼҽҵ˶ɱǲҪˣ
ʱΪ׵ǸĿųƷ˵
µضûܹȵ㣡ǸƼҵҲͬޱȣΪֶӣƼȻǿ󣬵Ҳֳɺܶңǵϵͺܶ࣬ǺĻƼһᶼ֧
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һ겻ʲôţܹɳȴֻǺٵһ֡
ɳĲţһˣֻ·һ֪ʬǰˡ
ñɣǻƼҺͽҵ˲ҵĶ֣ǾȻȻԴС
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ԴСΪĽôĽҲͬǳŶթҾ͸һڿΣʱǸҵɲǼ䣬ѾųƷɱ˹ִĿֲŤˡ
ڳƷһһңҺͻƼҵ곤ϵʦˣԳƷôһ˵ĺҲҪ߾ȫʨӲȫĵ
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ҵʵѪӻҪһЩսҪϲ٣ڴµĳƷ˵Ƕ֡
ϼһ֮ΣԴС֮ұزձɱ㣬ұƷһѪһ˵
кβңϷɣֲ𣬶ȥү˵˭ɱ㣡
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ǧһ֮ʣأȴһӰһǸҵĳϸûһ˿һķɲǼͱһצץУԴ˲ը˿


553 ֺɱ
һ֣˲ͱɱ
ҲֱסǸɺͻƼҵĳϡ
ڣǿӰȴǽԴ˭
Դ㾹ȻɱҽҵĳϣôĵӣѧҲס㣡
ɴһǸԴһצץĽҳϣɵôһ˵
ƾҲ˵ǹȻϮҵѧԴСϲҪģԴЦһ˵ȻҪˣǾͱֺˣսҲ£
ԴǷ˰ɣ˻ƼҺͽңΪ㱣סôǸƼҵĳϴһ˵
ҪƼҵļô˵ǻ࣬һƼҵĳϺ˵ֻ»ԶأԴЦ˵
˵ţԴϵƷһ˲γ˿µһɿµȴһ׵ķΧ֮ڡ
ɼԴƿأѾ˼޵ĵز
Դٶɱ⣬ʱɺǸƼҵĳ϶һӽ֮ǰҪնɱƷʲô£Ƿ˵ԴҪɱǣҲʲô¡
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ں棬ƷһĻɵõһһֵȻʲô̲ȵǾȻǱԴһѸץ˹
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ѹֽԴ˲۷嵼ʦѧ֮ҲѧУ߲㣬ԺЩ쵼ƽƽ
ĵʦǵ˲ֻһͷ
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ǽһͨĳϣԴȴսϵǿߣΪпͻƣΪͨһ֮еһ
ɣҲɱ㣬Ȼҵ˵Ҫɱ㣬ǾǽҶʲôңһˣ
ԴЦһ˵
ɶʱֻúȫȻƹԭ򣬽ΪԴҪѧǺôǻˣղŽԴֵĻͱɡ
ֻĿһ۽ԴͳƷͣ½Դı⣬æԶӶȥһ˷۱ʲô鶼ûɡ
ܶԴ󿪿ʵ

Ʒǿվ
Դһ۳Ʒ˵һԪˣҪһµʱ䣬һֵĺܲҺ⣬Ǹаħ˼ͼɣѪ̽ƵǸû뵽Ȼ䵽
ƷеɻӣԴ󿪿˵㲻ҪСѧ鱨ϵͳܶʱ֪ıҪĶ࣡
Ʒ˵ͷԭˣѧ鱨ϵͳ֪ܲħ˼ͼ䵽˳ƷϣǶѪħ˼ͼȴδز
ҲøˣֵĲ÷Ʊ֮ǶΪĹھҪ䵽Ⱥŵˣû뵽ȴϮˣܺã
Դ˵ѧ̶ȣ֮ǰڴֵ
Ҳ¶˺ܶĶħ˼ͼȻаǴҲкܶ࣬һöͨڵ˵һˣĸֶĶ
Դ󿪿˵
Щ˱ϿܲøҶ㶯֣ǱɾͲ˵ˣԴ˵˵ྭһЩܲǻ£Щ˵Ҳһĥ
ƷʱеԴȫһӣܹɳزǲ˼鰡
Ҳĥôĥô죿Ʒһ˵
̫ûˣ㽫ҪԵʮսʲôԴ˵ʵҪľһʱѣսȴԶʤľ磬Ŭ쾳磬Ǹزų˺ͽһϸµʸͱǮ
쾳ôƷ۾ܻ٣ֻսĻǾǺԶˡ
ˣʦ֮ǰһǧǲǿԿһ¸ҰҶˣҽҩѰ
ƷͻȻ˵
ҪЩϸڣ


554 Ӱ챬
һε۵Ļһ۵飬Ҳ
ڷʲôѧУȻڣǺܶϢ˳ȥ
ʣһ˲Ȼ󲨣۵ǵϾǣǷǳ飬һε۵ʧǧѧ
ȫһε۵սģִĿƼֻҪǵһ㶼ܹȻֶϽŶʲô
һξȻ֮ǳȥʮʱ֮Уе۵ûһʧĸء
ĳ˵Ȼ֮ܺǰǱ޹ȣʵϣӰҲ޼ģϾЩǾӢһ˵ܹļֵͳһٸһǧͨˡ
ȻֺйأŶ̶ʱ䣬̾󰸣֪жôţԳƵš
ŭ´˸ָһҪΪԼĿԴ󸶳㹻Ĵۡ
ѧУѧ˵Ʒ֣Ҳǵһν˵Ķ䵱С
ڴ֮ǰƷȻЩͷʵ϶ںܶ˵Ҳѡ
ܹסģһ㶼ǵһڶĹעȶԶԶһ˵Ʒԭʮ֮ѧˡ
ȴͬˣǵ۵ϣƷһ֮ס˵Ĺâ
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׮׮ԳΪ˲෹̸ʣƷҲһ֪
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ʱȴ˻ôˣΪƷֳ˲ڵ꽭ľ˱֣Ӧ˵ҪӾ޼Ĵڡ
аʱ䣬ƷҲδûлϮ
ƷҪֻҪ䣬δǿߵ֮Уضһϯ֮أ
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ͬ޵УһγֳһƥǧˣʱЩ֮ڳ֮󣬳ֳž޵ˣ
Ҳ̫ˣȻɱ䣬ҺͻƼҵĽɺͻľȻնɱˣһνҺͻƼҸŹ
Ҳ˵һνҺͻƼҶɱ֯˵ҪɱƷأǸΣҪɱӺȻĻÿ˶ҶǺӵ֣ܶҪˣ
ѹεϢȻᱻأҹƾûнҺͻƼҵĶĻ¥϶ҲưոݣҪ֪Ʒɱһأ
£Ҫӿˣħ˼ͼһöͨڵҲѾ˵ˣħѾʾԴ˺ܸȤˣǿǶкóһʱħͷˣȴΪЩҪɽˣ
ȻģȺŵȻûֵӣڳƷСӱŽשôѧܹãⱲӶѧˣ
ɽ˲ųɧ갡
һʱ䣬ֹڳƷɡ
˶ѰҳƷʱ򣬳ƷȴֱӴѧ֮ʧˡ
ǵ֮󣬳ƷѹûзѧǾʹʧˡ
Ǹ޴ķ籩ȴ𣬻ӣֻΪĵˡ
Ȼ۵͵ģǳƷĴɱ仹˸Ŀ飬ǽҺͻƼңƷһԿҲܶ࣬ƷҲǸûʱͳͳնɱ
ЩҲǾӢţ漰ʮЩֽңƼҵֱӳѧʩѹһҪóƷãҪϳͳƷ
Щֱӵµźͼ壬źͼ嶼ƲΪûҪѧֳôһ
ԴˣѧʮǿӲĸһظƷѧѧȨʡ
ȻѧУӰѧѾ꣬ӦҲǵӦ֣Ȼ֪ʱѧӦЩ˵ҪϳͳƷǲǱĩá
Ժ˭ٿѧһѧУ޷ΪЩűݻôȻбԸ֡
ѧϵͷϣĽչϡ


555 ҵ
ѧ֮⣬ǳҳ˾޴ѹѧ˵ֻҪӻƷʱѣϾѧ߳ѧ̫̫ˡ
꣬ѧҲܲѧǸԵķչѧֻѧѧӣǾĳˡ
ֻҪƷѧѧôѧͲܷҵˣôôһŻƤȻҲòˡ
ȻȴͬƷȻ֧վǳҵˣƷֵĺͨҲˡ
ƫƫƷֵĳ˾žޣʱѾʹļˡ
ʱҵһҵУССʮˣȻǺܶ࣬Ϥҵ˿ˣȴܹһص۾
ΪЩˣһ⣬ǳҵ߲㣬ҵļ׵λã峤ҲֻһȺ˵оĩ֪һȺڳ֮еĵλˡ
һҵ飬ܹ֮һͺܲˣΪЩУЩڱչأЩҪųҴСС񣬺ѳ
ȴһãҲֻΪһ飬Ǿǳ½ǧԣƷ
룬ڳƷϣӦöˣ˵˵ǵɣϿ˵
Сһﻹ£ʱһԼĪ߰ʮģĳҳһЦ˵
еĳ϶ЦˣϿֻ߰ʮ꣬ʵѾһٶˣǳͱȽϴ󣬵λĳϡ
ͣгƷһСһҲǺġ
ȷʵ£µıɵʣȷʵǳѾܾöûгˣһ°ɣһϿ˵ֻϵʱƺȽһֱ˸ڿϣЩǷĻͿԾҲǳҵϵ֮ˣ
೤Ҳ¶˼ֿЦ飬Ҳǲʶʱ̣෴ģǶͨʣʵҲûԵ޹ʵİҲûԵ޹ʵĺޡ
ƷСûôܹĺôڳûйǺ顣
һ⣬Ϊһʼͼ岻ôܣͲһ˵ͿԺеġ
ָ֯ʣҾеٮٮߣ֮еĶ⡣
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ʲôţҪ𣬶ҪңֻгҲܹṩ㹻Դ
һУϽ·أĴҪһֶҪҲܹá
ѧȻƿѧʮѧôԴбҲûа취ǳܹһṩԴȡ
ǺͳʲôޣĻһҲܾ֦
ֻгƷͬûôõҵİһ֮Щõȫĵӡ
֣˵ǲѷɫڳ£Ƕǫ˵ֻ±𵱳ĳ»Ҫӵѵá
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һ˵ƷҲһֱ֣ÿ˶ܺͳƷŶܹɳز
˲ţ£ǿ϶Ҫģû´󹤷򣬵ڿ֮ǰжϳ˴󣬲ľжϣһϿ˵֮⣬ҺͻƼЩʩѹȫԲᣬ޷Ҫɱҳѵһţᣡ
ûҲôΪνĶⳤģڳƷ¶âһжüҳҵ˲žԲ¶⣡һ϶Ȼ˵ڽҺͻƼҵЩ⼿ǾÿˣҳҲµӣ
ʱһڳҲ׷׿˵
ȻҶûǾͰվУȫ£Ʒھ飬£𣡡
̾˾ΪҼ߲㣬ÿƷҪ޾ϸȥע
ˣ齻𣡡˵
ʱһ籩ĳƷڳ֡


556 ͻƣ
ƷٶȳصʱѾһºˡ
һʱǳƷΪ籩۵ʱΪֳħ˼ͼͨڵԳƷΪ˴ѵǵĿꡣ
һ㣬ƷԼҲȥ뻵ˣҲΪնȥ²Щж롣
ˣ֧ħ˼ͼ̶̵ʱ䣬͵ÿһϸڵա
ǷǰʱĻϾûˣ
ִᣬĲҲǰصĿƼ
̽ĵ·ϴûֹͣĲҲ̽·ϵĸƷ
ƺõļ۸ҲǸߵף֮ǰƷֵܵһǧȫҽȥˡ
⻹˵ǽԴӣĻĿǰĲλӴǰصĿƼ
һðʹħ˼ͼЧǳãǵɱѪӣһϮΪ˽۵Ĺھ
սԴϢԭ첻ǻҪԸƷڳƷȡ۵Ĺھ֮ȫУССʦʦǶֱӴһµĹʶҪƷ
ҲΪʲôƷϧ¶ħ˼ͼĸԭ᲻ᳫ躹ޣûеǸز
ֻһͨѧ˵ѧһֻ۱һֻˡ
ѧ˭˲֪˭˲˵һ֪
ЩʱǴø˴⣬ЩʱȴǱøͶ㶯֡
붯ֵ˺ܶ࣬Ǳ˸࣡
ƷҲˣ֮·ע˲һ˳б꣬ǾĸһЩɣС粻꣬ǲܵõɳġ
һµʱ֮УƷҲʲô鶼ûиɣһöѪԪ֮󣬳Ʒ˳˳ͻƵ˺۷壬սֱƺ۷塣
Ӧ˵ѾԽЩѰĺ۷壬˵ѧ᳤棬֮ǰƷ֮棬ΪǸʱǶԷĶ֣ڣƷоԵԽ֮С
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ͺ쾳粻ͬ쾳м־ĸ߲ˣ羫ӢеľӢ
һܹУǳƷݵλͽȫ츲صı仯ܹЩľӢƽƽû˸ҽٵ󱲡
ֻ֣ͣʵ
߳ԼھеıʵϣʱһֱˣҲõĵطֻҪδΪȫĵط
û˸ңǻ֮أ޷졣
Ҳǹڴ³
ʱĸϰ࣬ҲѧҲֻʣ˳Ʒһˡ
˭ڼҵģ
Ʒ˿ͥԺܣȻ󿪿˵
أʱһδ˳ǳƷ֮ǰƸıڳ裬Ѫģֲ֮еľӢ۷Ķڡ
֮⣬ˣ϶ĸȥƷĸĸˡ
ڼһôƷʵ
ǵģү
˵ͷ
ãҲôõˣддɣƷ
赹ûʲô漴Ʒȴȫ
ү⣬Ƹոջָʺϴ󶯸ɸɣæ˵
Ʒ΢΢һЦ˳裬ʱͿ˳뷨߶ƿؿ˵ߺûñ˲֪ѵ֪ô
֪뷨Ǿҿ϶Ķ֣ȴֲ˼˵ɣƷ
е㲻˼ЦЦƷ˳ˣʵԼʵȫڹʱһȭܽһװ׳ɳȥ
ʵȫӡ֮УƷ쾳綼ǣ̶ֳȵߣһȭܺһ
ȻǴǰˣʱƷδѧ㿼ѧҲǿ쾳ͺ˲ˡ
ѧҲǺǿĸˡ
ȻӣӾɱľԾӢĺ۷˵ȴҲǴһȭȭȭѡ
֮ǰƷ;д裬ĥԼ似Լս飬ǸʱҲûгȫ
ڳƷҪȫ°ѳƷء
νʱյĿ࿴ǲǣҲ̫СˣвеĻԾ֪ˣ
ƷЦһҲֻԼҲţʱ֮У״ﵽʲôĳ̶ȡ
ѰһӶﲻĵز
ȻˣҾͳȫˣҲ飬ڿơ


557 쾳޵
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үȫˣҪСˣ
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ģҲǿԴ֮ˣȻҪ֣ҾоԵİգƷ˵ͷ˵
ˣүһȭǾдڵľȭСˣ
軹û֣һ³Ʒ
䣡
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أ
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෴ģĳ跴ǿľ˶ȥ
¶˼ֲ˼飬ղһȻ˵ǰٷ֮ȫˣʵҲˡ
ȻȴƷɵĵסˡ
ⱾǾȻܵģԭĿУƷҲһѰĺ߶ѣѰĺߣֻһȭͿԽˡ
⡭̲ס˵
裬˵ȫ㻹ţ˰ɣȫְɣһ¹ˣһ㶼ûжɽǣ
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һȫʱһžһµʱˣһ㶼Ҷ
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ڽƵʱǿҲҽʦ̾ΪֹһʧǸزѾˣܻǿҲһֲˡ
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۷壬㻨ʮʱ䣬ڼ䲻֪˶սǿ硣
ˣǱҲϺľˣǾ´ȥл쾳硣
ѡۣȻãȴÿ˶Ļģʵϣųɾŵĺ۷߶粻ȥһ硣
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Ʒ˰˵
ʱȴһȭͬһֱӴ˹ֺֿޣϾɱѧʵϣ֮нڵģܶ඼ɱ֮ô׼ȷٵɱ˲һеĹؼ
Ʒ˿޾壬һָȭֱԻħȭݺݵĺ˳ȥ
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ʱ򣬳賯ųƷһ˵үұľѧҪҲܹҾ䣡
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軹Ϊܹ˳ƷʱȴһȭֱӺ˳Ʒؿڣȭװ׳һȭƷ䵽˳ƷϣƷȴ˿
ƷƤʹһɫĹԣ˵ľͽһȭ
ôܣ
費˼飬֮ǰҲˣһοӲؿڣⶼû¶ƷҪǿʲôز
ʲôܣ
Ʒȫ΢΢һζһɾɢӰˡ
һȭȲ棬ԳƷ۲ֻҲԶˡ
ȴֺ
ڳƷʵǰǿ̫ˡ
ĺ쾳޵֣


558 һַ
ⲢǳƷԴޣԼһȫ֪Ȼ֣ܶڵᣬ߿Ƽ豸ܷ
Ӹ߿Ƽ豸֮ܲģƷڵʣѾǺ۷ֵϡ
Ⲣ˵ƷڵսǺ۷ĸ෴ֻ»ҪߣҳƷ似ҲǾˡ
쾳ѷ֣ѧˣҳڳƷǰѲ˶ٹֱӾͿ
ˣ֪Լδ뵽쾳սΪ쾳ı۷붼Ҫǿʮ
µǴͨţ֮սһһ̧㣬֮Ŀ֡
˿Ժ˶ôԺ춷
˸߲ʵԭ
Ʒģ˺أֶҶһڳƷѾѰ۷ʵϣȵ˺죬ʵٽһ
Ժ쿹죬ĸǾ׵飡
ҲүĶ֣ЦеɬĿųƷţǰڲϱ̹˵Ǹ˲š
ڲ֪˲ź̫֮Զˣŵ飬ܹˡ
ֲ֮УҲûţ̶һʱزٸһ꣬Ҫ쾳硣
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Ʒҡҡͷ˵ϧˣҲܣʵѾǲˣͻƽҲδûпܣ
ү˵ЦˣҵԼ֪ս̫̫࣬İˣܹѹסͲˣҪ쾳磬ֱ죡
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˵ϣϣƷͻȻԺ֮еʵļ䣬һȴδ
Ժ̫֮ͻƺ˵ĵҩˣΪŴĵִ˵Ҫƺ͸߼̫ˡ
Ҳûеҩܹİ취
ɣܹǵ⣬ǿ쾳磬ԸԭĹ˾ΪЧҴǹ˾ӶΪЧǼҵĹƷͻȻ뵽һ㣬ڵôˣ˵ֶļ˶֣ҪӶȴǷǳѵġ
ͬں֣֣ĶǸ߸ϣҵҲܺܿͷҪӶѡ
ǳңƼңĹңǵĵֶǴӺܾǰͿʼԶĹ
ԼǾͲһˣͻƵ쾳磬ܱԼͷʼҪ򵥵Ķˡ
ʲôһ£Ȼҧ˵үܹͻƵ쾳磬ԸⷢΪЧͣϹѣ
ƷһʱƺеףǶͻƵ쾳Ŀ
ڳƷ˵ͻȻҲףȴ൱յģȻڳ˵ѾܶˣᣬⱲӾûл쾳ˡ
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ֻҪܹͻƵ쾳磬ôĴǶԸ⡣
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ɫ˵Ѱô˵϶ŵģǳƷһоȫͬˡ
Ʒܹڶ̶һʱУһͻƵǶ֣ѾƷ϶ʲôǲ֪
˵ҪΪЧǾ͸ûʲôˡ
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ҪЩҩҪĵҩҲ󣬲ɽӹ˾չļΪ˳Ѹ٣Ȼ󲿷ֵǮȥˣ·读½½ĸƷ˹ʮڵķֺ졣
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ʱһ˵ĵŰݷô˳Ʒļƻ˲ǱˣдʱûѦ
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559 ѦĹĿ࿴
һͷųǾͻɽ޿ƥУѦϢڱڸϢǳеĳƷ˵ȴȥġ
ͺһͷµޱ֮Уһͷųͽ춯ء
֪ѦãƷҲе֣ҲˣȻչصϢûи߱ˡ
Ķںܶ˵Ҳ㲻ʲôܡ
ִļҪȫӵҰɽ֮Уǲпܡ
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ֻоÿһθһʱټһγƷƷʵ͸һıһء
Ʒ΢΢һЦһĶҲ֪̾˶ˣѦҲֹŵһˡ
Ѧ˵ЦˣѾ쾳磬ν꿡δеĶ֮ţƷЦ˵
ȻҲóҿ쾳ˣѦ˵Ҳѵõ¶˼Ժ飬ϾӺ쵽죬˵ǾԾŵһ̡
쾳翪ʼĽˣȻֻ׼Ҳǽ׵ϲʿˡ
ҲⲿӣһͨľӣְΣָһ֧ˡ
ڵƵ֮УҲǳͣƵһΪˡ
вһⶼûУܿ
˵ֻڿ佱ңô˵ôоڳأѦɳϣ˵˲ðƷҵһμʱ㲻ֻʮһͨѧ̵飬ܺʲôû뵽Ŷ̶̲꣬ѾĴ£֮ͬеĵһˣ÷ƣǶϣЩּھж׹
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ÿһ񻰣ÿһ漣ʹ˵
Ѧٰæ֮гӦòΪ佱ҵİɣǿżɽ˵ɣƷ
ãȻôˬ죬Ҿֱ˵ˣҽ㣬ʵ󣡡Ѧ˵
Ѧ㻹ʲôҪҰæôƷʱҲе֣ѦĽȻֻ׼ʵȨҲǴûˣôܻҪİæء
Ҳ˵飬һȤǾΧ̣Ѧ˵
ȻͬѦϣƷ̵֣ʱǰһ
ûȤΨڴ̵ϣǲƷ־Ҫ
԰Ѧ٣ȡЦҰɣȻмʵ֪֮˵֣֮ǲĸƣôҪҵİæأƷ
Ҫ˵ΪıأӲ֮иĵطνǲԻʵȾ֮֯еĵһ˵ĻôܹסЩС֮
Ѧʵַٰʮ۷ĸֱ֣͸һ
˵ǻйϵģǵ۵⵽̵ͻϮڵĶҪչʱڣƵƵ֣󰸣ѾͳޱȷŭѦ˵۵飬ָһչ̵ΧˣҪǵѹȥһεжΧչиȻ࣬ǴսϣܳʣµҲҪֱظʵϿжıҲԣҪǣ͸ĺΪԷһǲܴģӽΧˣⱻǵõϢˣ
ڳҲʺϴսᾪõİ취ǵǲĸֽսһ̵ϳԻУͨԱܵһЩҲΪǣ
ѦôƷʱˣɵõһһֻҪˣвһСĵطѣһεҪ̺ÿ
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˵ˣҴӦƷ̣ΪҲΪԼûɲӦ


560 ǲһϺ
飬Ʒּۻһ£Ψ̲ͬĶֱв˳Ʒͼ˵ȫ
Ʒ֮ǰѾ޴ҪԭΪ̵в̶óóƷں
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ڣھеĶĻжԷ
һ˵ھеĶҲǺ۷Ϊֻڶ֮еϡ
ϾȻʵǿǺʵȣֵһᣬսƾ̵ʵͱˡ
Ǿܶ㣬¶ҪǽҲһ
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Ѧ˵ĹȼִŪģֹȼǺÿһϢϢصģͬȼĹܹܵͬĺô
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ƷˣƺҲûֹӣѦֹͿˣǶĿأıֲãûʸ룬Ϊǵͬ顣
в˶ŷģҲǣ̫СˣҰҲһЩ
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Ҳ£ҵ˼ǣһҴģǲһϺˣƷԼʱ䣡


561 һȭ
ƲңҰ϶ʱ¶˼ŭֻҰͷҲ¶˼ŭ顣
˵ѧѧȻȫţ䣬ֻǻ߸ƫƻ߸ƫĿһЩһ˵ѧѧԳƵȫš
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ɱΪרҵɱҲǵԭܼ򵥣ɱֻҰ͵ϮǰɱͻƣɱֶΣһҲ
ѧѧҲϣȻѧѧҪ˵ûʵս飬ȷʵеˣǺÿ춼ǹֵ꣬ȣǾͲԶˡ
ҰԼɱ¾飬ҪѰѧѧǿʮʮŸҴԲѵ˵лܳƷ
ѧڵǽڵɱ֮
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ɱ֮һʱȷʵƥУȴѾƫ⣡Ʒҡҡͷ˵ͻԼļޣɱͽ߲ε
˵ƫ⣿ѵԼѧ似ôʱͷȴͻȻ˵
⵱Ȼܣ·Ͻأ֣е֣Ҳ֣ΣвǣνнŭĿʱ򣬷ҲҪнħֶΣ涼ˣοأƷ˫֣٩٩̸˵
似ͨ˰ԱһֶΣ·Ͽħɹຣۣ֮гһܵ˰ôһҴȻԷƷ˵һδﵽ˰һҴǱҪĹߣ
ǹվֻǹߣֶΣȴǴȴ˵˴׷ͻƺͽȴִɱ֮С񲻿ϧô
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Ʒܹ˵Ļ۵ھȷʵʵ顣
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̫Զˣ
ƫƫоԼȫºˣ˲ԼǽƵϸ΢ˡ
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562 ɱ¾һ
Ұ˵ֱˣȻ°ȴǲʶôƷղѾˣĻҲδ̫ϵˣĵĽҲ顣
ʱͷٿƷʱѾȫˣ֮ǰǰ㿴
ƷһȭʹҰҲζųƷʵɲ⣬ȻӦûе쾳磬ƷǵѹϲѦֵѹ
ʲô˰ɣѦһԣ˵ҰСӸбҵͲξˣƽʱһϴ϶ӣκ˷ãƷ֪ʲô죡
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ƷʱˣһΣ˵˴ǮˣӵУĵսλǻס
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ΪʺͻƣսϵȻûʲô⣬ڶеУֵĻƻ̫ˣҲĿֻţѦ˵ҲΪʲôһ֧սӵԭ򣡡
Ʒ˵ͷҰǿ޼ɵĳ֣ԼҪˡ
ܿ죬һսѾɵ˾кͶӵһ֮ϡ
һطмڣҷͷ룬ͷһ飬ҽҰһ壬С꣬Ʒһ飡
֮ѦԸ˵
Ѿ֪ͨפ̰ߣӦúܿյϢǶҪˣˣ
˷飬ֱӾʹӲͬĵطͻ뵽֮С
Ʒͺ˼һǰһͻ˳֮УոսУź棬ֱһֻذ׾ͳųƷͷ­

һֻذ׾ͱƷָֻסˣʱƷſһµ̷ӣӦǲźİڡ
ɲǼ䣬Ʒһȭ̷һƺߣ˳ȥѪֹ
ңһǰƷ̵ͨΧԱҪȫڣֻһȭѣܺһ
Ҫӿٶˣ̵ԵõϢˣƷ˵
ڷָһͬ򣬲ͬںܿʹһ󼱴ٵĽŲȻƷ˵ͻҲǾЩˡ
Ƭ֮Ĺ򣬾Ѿʮµ̷ӳ˳Ʒĺͺɵǰ
ϣɱǣ
ǻ䣬ȴƷȻͻϮЩ̷ӷ׷׶ͳڣųƷ
䣡
䣡
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Сģ
ɴһһ߶ڵĹһæѡ
ȴ˼Ϊ˵һĻȴƷؽ΢΢ζСķȾֱӻιꡣ
һּΪԶԶֻܿƷۻҵٶȶ㿪꣬ɲǼ䣬ѾɱЩ̽ڵǰ

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563 ܲ
ڳƷ󣬺ɿ̾ΪֹΪƷߵɱ¾ЧʣǾѧȫͬġ
еһɱ¾ڶ̸Чɱ¾Ҳνɱ֮һϵ
Ʒɱ¾֮ҲʮЧʵģǺѧĿɲͬһ򵥴ֱԶ·ӡ
ǱƷоؽɨеˣȫͷȫһ飬Ҫôֱӱն롣
ͬʱһɨɳȥüˣ
ֵսʽѧԼɴﵽɱ¾ȫͬǽȴһġ
Ʒɱ֮ǽȴ;ͬ飡
һǺܴĻٶήƳƷǿᣬٶֿߺˣʵ̫ˡ
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ְҵһܵͿʼ˳Ʒĸָ꣬ٶȣ似ûһǰμġ
νȫҲһȫžζžӹţǳƷӸûģ˵Ǹڵġ
ƫƫǰôһʱҲܲˡ
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ʱΪܹܵĳһ̸ֵȻӦֻѰصĵزﲻ۷塣
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̸־пȺ۷ʵ
ƷԸϽȥ˵֮ǰܹоĳƷǳļ꣬Ȼ֪ΪʲôȵȴǸ֪ˡ
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564 ն̸
ˣȻóɱ֮ҿֻʵǺǴ
Ʒɱ̸֣Ʒûһ˿һãֻһеľؽȻһֱ˳ȥȻǺ󷢣ȴ
ֱӴ̵ĸ֡
̸ֱӴ̹ľؽҲ˿޾壬ЦһȻ˫˺˹ȻҪ;ؽӲӲ

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Ǹ̸ЦһɲֻǸ˫ô򵥣ȫ¶˸죬ֻû˫ôŶѣˣҲҷŻҪ³Ʒͺ֡
ƷСģЩ޸˵һЩޣ
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һɱ̸֮󣬳ƷƺûʶԼնɱһ֣·߲һֻһƵᣬǵ߰ɣץʱ䣬ˣ


565 벽˲ô
ҲǺðڷӦƷƵľնɱһСһа档
ȴ֪Ʒɱ˿û࣬ҲûḻǳƷնɱЩˣһٹʮ꣬ղǸһѾ
ЩֻǱƷնɱĬĬ֮ҲֻΪ÷ƵĬĬŰˡ
ǷԭĸУԭɣһǺպĴڡ
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֮󣬳ƷͺѾͻĺģԿһ޴ޱȵʵС
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ӦǣƷص˵ڵʵʵֵĹ֮Ա
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ţ˾ֻҰͻҽһߴӰһҰͻҽ˺۷ʵȻѹסˡ
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ƷĽӴʱֻܹŹ֣û뵽ǵ̽ڣеĶ
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ƷǷ̶ʱͻ죬ҺñǼʱִˣûͻƳɹɲǮգҪСģҽһ˵һóȰҰˣ֮ǰ˲ϣͬ飬ڿԳˡ
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ɶʱһΪʲôҰͻҽ־ȻǱĽڽڰˡ
̶ҪѰ۷Ҫǿ̫ˡ
Ȼ̶ҽҰӣûܹ쾳磬ֻһֻſУȴҲЩҪǿ̫ˡ
ʱ˵鶼֮ǰһֱûܹ֣սȻѾС
һãͿ
ϳ֮ǰԤƵĻҪס
ƷҪСģ
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ֻΪҪΪ̶רŴ֮ܲɹģײĸպñҰˣ˵ĻǴʱ¾Ҫһʵˡ
޷벽˲ô죬ҿܻκβȻûпն


566 ն̶
벽죬뵽úɾһҪϢĸоˣزˣΪʧܻôʵԶԶѰĺ۷塣
֮ŶѰ˵ҪƿǷǳѵģֻƿһ֣һֻſУҲܹǳ
ڳƷ˵ȴ£
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̶Ȼ˫Ŀ죬ܵ˵Ǳûбû
ͻʧܶ˵ҲкܴӰ죬ζûа취άסˡ
֮ǰƷִǿɲģ
̤ЬٴȫѹҸո֪飬û뵽㿼ѧ֮󣬻ŪôĶܲѾ´˶ıɱͨұĶΪնջû뵽ȻԼˣ̶Ц
ҰٸһλᣬֻҪɱ㣬ҾͿԵõĹඥͻƽ쾳Ҳֻǵˣ˵̶ƷѾˣ¶˼̰ɫƷ˵һᡣ
һĻᣬ˵ͺҲȻͬĲΣ

Ʒ̶˵ԼĴ֮֮иһƬ䣬֪նЩҲûдǵʱ򣬻һŭɶĸо
˾ۣ֮ŭ
֪ʵԽԽעĿΣնûеѡ񣬱Ҫĸǿſԣ
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죬̱ؽ𣡡
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ҵҪץʱˣѦϾҪˣɱ㣡
̶Ȼһ̤μڰ˸˼£Ƭ֮䣬Ѿɱ˳Ʒǰ
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𸫣̶һͷͳųƷǿֲĹն޾Ĵ֮У˿µΡ
ƷķӦҲ˿еľؽ˲䶯ˣ̶ɨȥ

ͷֱҵ˾ؽϣ˲ȼѪɫɵĻ漸һ˲䣬ͻһѰһ˳Ʒ
̶¶˼ЦݣĿҾѧܶһСĶĵһɵУҲˡ
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ֵֻСô̫ʧˣƷЦһеľؽٶ趯˲ʹӸղŵıرĽ
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ƷоؽУһֲƣֱӱŽ棬ֻһѣһžΪƷնˣµĹúɺͻҽоˣ׷ײĿĿųƷ
ڳƷǰ̶͸оһֿµѹѹˡ
֮ǰҲûнƷ۵Ĺھܹ٣ʵվܺᲢۣҲֻһһѡ
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ȴʱ̶ѪеһѪɫ޸ѾϳأؿڴҲһ޴ޱȵ˿ڡ
Ѫɫ˫֮У¶˼־ɫδԼȻһСѵز
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Ƕ֣
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֪ʱܾǽ¶˳ƷһתͳܵشҰ˹ȥ

Ʒһ˲׷̶ѾĿˡ
빥ؾȣסƷĽŲ
ǿϧ̫С˳ƷٶȣƷһ׷ȥɾűʱ˺˵

Ʒؽشһ̶һ䵽˵ϣһ£ֱնͷ­


567 ̸
ҽ۾ҲգĿһĻɵʮͷڶ
ֻһ֮ѹƵҰ̧ͷ̶ȻƷȭŵľ͸ˡ
Цɣ
һỳɣţ
ǿǰ벽찡Ϊģֻ벽ܹ쾳ĸ֡
ں쾳֮УǼ޵еģ
ȻĶ֣һСһϣʤҲܴ󣬵ǾȴƷµĽˡ
ֱţ
ʱոƺõҰҲһĻɵó׷ˣΪ̶ʱ򣬸Ǻ޻֮ƷȴǸɴĽԷܡ
Ҳ˵֮ǰڷɻϵʱ򣬳Ʒֹˣѹû϶ʵ
о㲻ģҲֻܽһ㣬̫ˣҲԲֻǳƷһ
Ǻɺܵˣһ·ϼƷǺɨ˶٣ʲôʵ鵱ƷǰĽŲ
ôǰƺһнҲûôˡ
Ұվߵ˳Ʒǰ˵ղڷɻ϶лˣҲ֪ôˣ
ҰӣƷﻹ֪ʲôֻǵһЦݣҲùһѾǳˣͱСôȴܹ֧սѾ˵һˣ㲻úұȣҺһ˲ͬ
Ʒ˵ʵԺ֮гŴʵļ䣬ĸǼڳŴ֮ҲĻʼս塣
սԶѰ˵
ҰĶУȴе̶Ҳֻܳϣ˫ȷʵʵϵĲࡣ
ûһѦѾϵˣʱһ˵ԴǸһĿı飬š
ֻʣһԴɲǿѹ̾жϳˣ֮ǰǸܵǸ֡
Ȼ˫Ѿֳʤʤ߾Ѧ
ʱѦڵϱԴ̶ɵһ˵Ҹո֪Ǹ̶ͻ쾳磬æϹˣû£
ƷӦɱİɣѦ˵
ͷΪʲôһɱģɲ˵
ѦһЦ˵ǵʵ˲֪ѵһ˽𣿡
ǼĸҴģмＸѵ֪ô̶ûп죬Ҳǰ벽ˣڵ̶ܹԸ˵ģԱͲˣôԣֻгƷˣ
ɺͻҽƲƲ죬Ѧ˵ĺеǾԶԡ
ΰ̫ˣնɱ̳ϣһξ̵֮Ӧöնɱˣ̽ҲܷŹȫɾ
ۣϳеԱɨһգڳƷ˵ȷͻ֮󣬴󲿶ӺܿҲнɨ
棬ѾͳƷûʲôϵˣΪֲȥˡ
ĸ˵ϣȼҲ˳һҲ˵ڳƷѾƽĽ׼ܹʵӵһЩرĴˡ
ЩƷǺںҪǣһĴ֮󣬾̱֮ɨһգȻܻһЩࡣ
ƶʱҲ޷ؽˣΪͬʱڸһ֣̱ȻԪˡ
ʱڸĸ˿˵ʱȫˡ
Ҫ볹װȫҪ취𣬵ǲڳƷܹĵ顣
Ʒڶһص˼ʱ򣬲ŷȴˣȴ˲ǱˣĵʦԴ
ողһΧˣָĲԴƷ΢΢һЦ˵
УĸдԴ˵Ƕѧеĵʦҵ
ѧ֮еֵʦһʦ˵Ҫ׽Ķˡ
˻Ǻܿ콫طڳƷͽԴ

ĸ뿪ˣƷҲûʲô˵ģҲܣֻøĸĶѡ
Ҳе֣Դô֪ġ
Ʒı飬Դβ֪뷨Ц˵֪ʲôֵģҵĹȼɱߵĶˣڻְλ̶ֳȵ鱨һȨ޲鿴ģ
ʦΪˣƷʵ
רͶˣ֮ǰ۵ĽˣҸ͹ˣԴ˵
۵ˣƷʵ
ɲ޵ķʸȻ˵۵ѾĻһˣǴನڲϵķͣӰԶ
ƷƵ˼ϣΪĿĽ㣬ҲֻһӰѡ


568 ۵ھĽ
Ϊһε۵ᣬ˵һθһţѹƣһµͷ顣
ˣ֮󣬾ķƽ˾ˣֻû֪ĵطͶѡ
һδģ̵ΧʵҲ۵ĺ֮һҲֻһѡ
̵ķͳͷѾڽУǲžͽ˶ѣȺŵʩѹҲڽС
ϾȺ²ܲлɳˣǵϵĸɵĵӣѧУѧǧ֮ࡣ
СһɵȫصĺȺŵȻֻǸһ¾Ϳġ
ʩѹ⳥ƤڽУ
һιھĽһֱûƷȴҲһֱ
һöͨڵѾˡ
ڽԴԽҲζ۵Ļ
ˣԴ˵ͷ˵һΣȺԪˣ³˸زٵĲҵ˽ᣬһ۵õĺôһһȫ³ˣ
һΣĽ㸸ĸҲ͵ķˣһȺǱٹȵԴ˵
ҿٿƣǲȺԼݳŴżеõһŵٽִҽѧƼзıٹȵôȺŵȭͷƷɣÿһöǼ۸񲻷ƣ
Ʒ˵ٿƵʱ򿴵ȺǱٹȵļء
ٹȵǸ߼߱رһֵҩеȥ已̥ʱĸӵĸ߼ʱٳһЩƽʱʳǾû̫ô෴ĻΪء
һʳҲ޷߼߶
ʱ򣬸ֱٹȵͳΪƷһöѰıٹȵάһĻҪʳ
Ǻܶ߼߳궼ɽֵҰ֮У͸Ҫˡ
ţѧУţзԼıٹȵԹԼˣȥ
Щٹȵ֮УȺǱٹȵеٮٮߣҲǼ۸һ֣ÿһöгϵۼ۶ʮ
һܹԵģУܳԵģҲֲʵϣҲȷʵֲֻ־Ե
һȺŵĽṩһǧöȺǱٹȵԭǿֻһöģȻǳ˴ȻܾˣԴ
Ʒ룬һǧöȺǱٹȵļ۸ѾһڣֻóһѧԲǴֱˡ
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Ȼǵڣ˵ˣ߶Ҳѡ
ںʣƷȴһܹ֣˵쾳ĸֵַ
һȥôʣ䶯ˡ
ͬʱлмָжƷǣŻǵǰչ־˵ַ
²ֻϳƷַп˵
Ȼ쵤ҲаһܹͻƵ쾳磬쵤ҩ֮⣬ҪǣƷֵַͨڵĹˣͬʱڵǱܡ
ټϳƷڲַӲܴ漣ЩǳŴ֮еַ
Ŵȷʵڵ̫ˣҲ߹׶ΣΪҲ뾡˰취ַ
ЩǾʵ飬ǰ̵Ŀġ
ЩֶΣƷ֮ǰоԵİܹЩͻƵ쾳硣
ңҲȷʵ㹻ˣ㹻ݳˡ
õһߵĳΰ񻹳˷ܵУְְľͶܹоһɱԼ֫ٺ֮С
ܹһֵ֮Ǹոͻƣ͸оԼѾ˺üˡ
һ˵ȶǺ۷ʱʮϡ
Ǿ㹻˵ģͺĲô˵ĻôΪ׷ء
е㲻ţֱһƷ˵ʱΪҪܶʱ䣬û뵽Ƕ̶һʱ䣬һоѾġ
Ѿˣûȫ׼
Ʒ֮ȴǳŸмģԼԼⱲӶûϣûԸͶʵϵʱ򣬳ƷˣͻƵľ硣
֮ǰǸȻе㼱꣬ȴĻ
ûбƷ㵽ˣʱޱĽĿųΰԼսû뵽Ȼͻˡ
ǵͻҲǰˣֻҪȵƷһһİͻ֮Ҳ̱켶ĸ֡
켶СӾۼھУҲǷǳݳ޵ð
ƷҲûʧûйܾãڶҲɹˣ˵ĳɹĹˣ֤˳ƷԲǽҶѣȷʵַ
˵ڶ֮󣬾еĸ
һȫɹȫ쾳磡
ƷԼҲۻˣϵĲϵģȡһգҪǻʼս屾̶Ҳʮ־ˣͶֲ
ȫɹˣ
Ʒĺһ
лү֮ҵȱؽΪҾϹѣ
ΰæ˵ϵĸмڸǲס˵Ʒͬͬһ
ҲؿҲǸȡѣֻҪǲңԺһڳԵģٲһڳԵģҲɽӹ˾ĴǳԿ
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˹Ϊ˰бļˣȷʵݳˣɽӹ˾ǾͲͬˣɽӹ˾ڻŵĽ׶Σϵķչ׳ȻҲǷǳҪжġ
ִĹ˾˵ļͲƷȣһ˲һ·һִĹ˾Ҳֻһ档
켶ֵ㹻ģȻϰ˴һе㲻һС˵ż塣
ȻǳƷģƷҲûǣϾ׶׳ĵǶģȻ֣ӦøӦеء
ǣΰæ˵б뷨ƷͷأôҲͨ˵ӣ͸ֶ˵ʲôܹųƷδǰ;


575 ͻƣ
Ȼΰ˶ǾˣҲɵӣɵвزġ
˾֮ǻϾһȺûĹ»ҰҪķ²Ƶض޴á
Ȼǵ׬ܶǮҲֻѰ˶ԣԼҪԴ˵ȴԶԶġ
ͶһĺôܵˣǺö⣬ͬʱҲͬ۵⣬Ʒ־͸ˡ
νдиŵĺô
ҲǳƷûʶģȻƷԼʱҲǹ»ҰûиҲûеʵļ䣬û£Լ취㹻Դ
ǸЩԴûС
ʱò׸һͺǰ;ϴǵȻܷ
Ҳ˵ˣԼͳƷֵ飬һʼҲԸţһǰĳƷȻܹͻƵز
һǰƷôֶ˲ǣھȻܹشⱾǲ˼漣
˽ΰԸǸһǰ㶼ŵģһֱǲڳˡ
Լҵүһʲô˲ûʹˡ
˶㶨֮󣬳Ʒһֻڵʵļ֪֮ôһַʵҲǵһʹãûȫİգûʧ
һö쵤ͻƣЧҲǰ޹˺ˣ
ƷԼҲΪǱƷǿдȥĹϵ쵤ֻ֮һǵδǱǺ޵ģûʲôͻƵ۷塣
ͨҲ룡
籾ƽģԼģȻֵ⣡
ΰǼ֪ˣƷҲںǱޣһӶǸľҲȺ۷ҪõĶˡ
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ȥɣҪչˣ
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ΰӦһ֮󣬾æȥˣͣȵǳȥ֮΢΢һ˴֮໥һۣŷֲֹһ
ƷľǻҪһôǵѹֻҪһ
һãүƵңҲǵĻԵԭΪⱲӶûа취ͻˣû뵽Ȼлᣡΰ̾һ˵
ǰүǵĻԵǵıҲǺأã
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Ȼ֪үǵģ¾;ְһЩүæǣֻĳҲܶ࣬ҲҪʧǶԲүôΰ߰ɣȥ
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ǸʱսһͻƵ쾳磬졣
²죬ֻս죬ǱҲûʲôˡ
ǸʱٻصѧĻʼҲʵΪһӴѧ֯
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Ʒ뵽˽ɵЦһ
ͽʱĻ̥ˣҪԷɵ˭ܹɹͿ˭һˡ
ƷͳһöѪԪ֮ǰЩѪԪƶɵѪԪҲֻʣһöˣͻƵĹ½½ľȫùˡ
һöˣ
ͬʱҲǹϵƷսܲɱؼ
ѾǺ۷壬ҪͻƵزѣѵս
ͨĺ۷Ҫǿʮ
һͻƲֻ䣬ʱ䣬п׷֣֮ǻʵ
Ʒһתʼʼ˺صϣһһһöѪԪ
һöѪԪոձȥʱ͸о˻һɾ޴ޱȵɲǼͷ˳γһɺһֻ˹صϡ
ʣµȫɢ֫ٺ֮Уʼ֮¿ʼǿ˻ʼս֮С
ҪͻƣԲֻǾͻƣȫλͻơ
ʱһһĹȥһΣȥʮʮҹƷԲȣҲţֻŬıչأ˾ͳһöǳٹȵ
ʮʱգ֮͹ȥˣƷ۾
ڳƷ۾һɲǼ䣬һɿֲĹŰ˳ѹѾõĺˮһŰ˳
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576 أһȭ֮
Ʒ۾ͻƵ˺صľ֮ˡ
ͻˣ
ƷҲ¶˼ظ飬ͻƵصĻʵʱ򣬾ܹͻˣһֱѹš
ҪȫλͻƣսҲҪһͻƵԺ쾳ȣͻƵĻҲûκˡ
ڣľͻƵ˺أսҲͻƵһء
ȻľȳΰǻҪһЩǳƷҿ϶ĽˣΰҲԼĶ֡
Żеģ
쾳ҲǷǿģΰ˺ʣ쵱бȽġ
ҲȺ۷ҪǿʮϣǳƷֹ̥һɡ
Ҫһ
ƷоڵѪԪδȫȫ
ѪԪЧȷʵǳĸܹóƷͻƵ˺֮󣬻ǳҩڳƷڡ
ڳ˺صľ֮󣬳ƷûͣЪֱֿʼ˽һıչأͼȫѪԪҩոɾ
ƷصʱѾǶʮ֮ˡ
һչأͺķһµʱ䣬һµĳɹҲǷǳϲ˵ģһµʱ֮ǿ˺أ˾硣
ڳ׽ѪԪ֮һٳ˺۷塣
ȻֻǸոȶѣսȴǺһǰͻͽĽ
ʱ̶ֻһ̶㶼㲻ΪڻʵѾͻͽʽĽ
ƷһأֱӾҵ˳ΰһǰȣΰѾ˷츲صı仯Ҳʱʱ̶̿ĳ䡣
ֱӾסڱһ䷿֮УҲܴ󣬻кܶĿշ䣬ΪʵѾ뵽쾳硣
µĵ˸ĸ֪쾳ĵһضı仯Ҳ
ڿԽѣʱʱ̶̿ˣʲôĵ֣ڵһʱ䷢֡
үƷ̵һʱͱӣٲȻǽƷϼһԴ
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ԲôΪһҲôΪƷˡ
֮УȫԸȫͷ˳ˣⲢݴʣʵ
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Ѱֻֻƶ޷ֵסͻֱˣӵ߱ʼĳףܶ඼ʼĲһˡ
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䣡
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䣡
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أ
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⣡
˺ˣǳΰΰԼϻżֲ˼顣
Ȼˣһһײ֮УȻǳƷĶ֣һˡ
ֱ߸ˣȥĻֻ¸ţֻΪ˵Ƿˡ
ȴˣһ쾳ܹſ쾳ֵĿֲĹ
үĹָӾˣҶǶ֣
ܿҲȻˣʱƷѾ̫ǳƷֻһʱѾ˼ʮĳɹǳƷֶΣȻЩͻƵ쾳硣
ЩóƷ࣬ҲоԼûпƷһҲͺˡ
ƷȷˣԼսȷʵ쾳磬еһضĶ֡
ڳƷ˵ʣµʱ䲢Ǻܶˣмµʱ䣬Ҫ취ͻƵ쾳磬ܹȡ㹻ơ
ǿɲʲô֮


577 µΣ
һµʱ֮УƷɲʲô鶼ûиɣҲΪعѧ׼
֮ǰʱ伸æͬһͣͣ
ڸպóʱȽУһˡ
֮һƳתϽ𵤣֮ǰƷһתϽ𵤳ɹʵնɱ˽
һתϽ𵤻϶ĳƷ˵ûκôԳƷҩΪǿģתϽ𵤡
һȥƷʵ;綼һ޴ͻƣѪԪѾȫĴƷҪʵڶʱһ޴ͻƣͲò취
һöתϽҲƷոյõ۵ھֽȫһգһöҩֵڡ
תϽ𵤵ļֵ˵ٹϼҲԸģǮ̫̫ˣȴֻһ
ܹǿʵڹؼʱ̻ܹ۶Ǯš
ȻѵĻ쾳ʱĥѡ
֮⣬ǲϵѼʯһζħ˼ͼֱӽʯȫһգͲá
Ȼֻʯ֮бȽϵͼƷʯȻޱȣƷòɽӹ˾ķֺȫ档
ɽӹ˾ʱ֮ƳĻȻǴܻӭԭ۸£ҩЧЩӶػߣ˵ȵȳԵ˵Ǿҩ
һ꣬ɽӹ˾϶󲿷ֵ붼ϿгͶӪУ̶̰ʱ䣬ͳΪ֮оصĵҩ˾
Ϊɽӹ˾ĴɶƷȻ˲ʮԪķֺ죬֪֮Уɽӹ˾ջ˶١
ʮԪڶ̶һµʱڣȫƷˣȫһƷʯ
̶һµʱ֮УƷ˵ǻǮˮҺûɽӹ˾ְƣ֧Ųġ
ʱƷеˣΪʲôЩǿĸǣӵвٵĹ˾߱вŵ֧֡
ˣ޷֧ŵƷֲֿĻȻһҲûгƷôֻĻʼս屾ľͺܴټҪڶʱʵͻͽ㹻ĴǸܵ顣
Դˣ·Ҳ⣬ȻʵֽҲƷɽӹ˾ĿľΪ˸С
飬أƷĸնϾͽӵ·诵ĵ绰
绰һͷ·Ϊص˵Ʒд鷳ˣ
·诵ĻóƷʱüͷһ壬һȻʼ˵ôһ£
ҲǸոյõϢҺͻƼ֪ô˴֮һжΪӴĵҩ˾֪ôˣͻȻפУǵĴһҪټصḷ̌ڽ죬ҵõϢ۵˵ҪֹͣǵĻ·Լ˵Ӧǳģ
ǳģƷҺͻƼҵֵʱ򣬾ѾˣԷǳġ
ܻһҲΪԭ򣬱ϾȷʵǷǳĻȣе˶ü
Ҫ˵ûȤǿ϶ܵġ
ɽӹ˾ĻŸոտʼ̻ûг׽ĻϾɱδ£浽Ǹʱɽӹ˾ֻһȭͷƷҲλжĵҩ˾
ҺͻƼҺεӴĹ˾ƷǵĴˣʵҲֻнɺͻĶѡ
ҺͻƼ˲űһܳӢѣʹǻУҪ˵󶯸ɸ꣬ǻ̫ܡ
ѧͳʩѹҪ̽һ£ûʲôܴӳһѧпһ
Щ˵ĮȴЩ֮
Ʒȴ˾;ҶҲӣڽҺͻƼ˵ƷǽѢ֮ѣǽҺͻƼ֮к޲Լ֮صҲ
һνҺͻƼҴٽҲٲʽ顣
ǡǡͳƷйϵ˵ˣǳġ
·诵ܼ֣Ȼǲֱ̣ҲԣֻСģʽ󣬵ҩͬǻںܶ˵ǵڶ֤ģֱֻͻʧȥгƷƽҲҪʮ꣬ϰʱ䣡
ûʮ굽ϰʱ䣡Ʒϵ˵
Ȼ˳ˣҲܸɿţƷ
ô·˵
Ǹϳȥʱ򣬳ӲӲûбİ취
Ʒᶨ˵


578 ͻ
ҺͻƼһνľ̽ߣǲóЩ̣ΪǱԼľ˴֮仹Ǿ֡
ƷеĻһˣô̵ʱ£ΪƷľóһḷ̌Ǯ׬
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֣ȷʵѹЩ̡
Ȼ⣬Ǿȥ⣬ԼѾǰһˣս죬Ȼ죬ȴʤ졣
һ֣ھʲôϾΪˡ
егҲǺ۷ѣ
ʵ㹻óƷſֽܶˣ
ҺͻƼټصḷ̌ھƵ¥֮С
ΪǼ󷹵꣬Ҳǳеһر꽨λеĵش
ƷһֱӸϵȻƷͷǮв٣û򳵣궼ڣ˷ɳҲûʲôʵʵ;
ڵĹͨʮַԼҲδ١
Ʒɵľʵ˸ؾ̾ۻڵ
⣬أһ⣬Ʒ
ǸһɻڴĻᣬҪƲԳԷƣ
һģӣһװɫмץһĸŮ֡
ŮǳƷģԼùϵǳõŮССǡ
ССǵԱߣƷȻԼó档
˵߻Ůһĸ毺ãʮģ
һеģԼĪŶʮ£ΰ͹£ͬҲ毺á
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ǾƲԳԷƣǸЦʤƽʱҲǹõˣȴȻôһæϰң
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ССܹĹˣһԣͻȻͳ֣һǸˡ
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Ʒͬʱ򣬲֪١
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СӣòҪ£ĻҲһʰˣ
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ڤ粻飡
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ڴʱǸ¶˼׺ݵ飬һצųƷץ˹һצٶȿ켫ˣҲѾ۷壬ֻͨУѾѵõĺˡ
磬СģæѣǴʱһצѾץ˳ƷĲˡ
ˣǸЦһ
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ʹ֮£ﻹ˵һֻץССǣֱӾͳųƷһȭ˹
ƷᣬֱһӾ͸оһɾ޴˳ȥȻȻһɳһݺ䵽˵ϡ
˲һɾʹϮֻȫµĹͷһֱѾֱ̱ӱקѾˡ
ԳƷǣһжס
Ͳһϣ
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æܵƷߣ˵
û£˲ңƷ˵
СӣˣٲŹģ
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Ʒǵ廹ܻ֣Ѷȱ쾳ʩչѶȲֻһˡ
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һĺ˵ֲסֲģΨгƷʼսԶˣѷɫֿԡ
ʲôƨ٣ҵҪʲôţ񣡡
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ʱССǼٿƷȫˣƷᣬҲֵӣȴǸ˵ɳһȥ
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Ȼ书ߣȴɵȻܹó϶Ǻ֡
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֮УֻССǺͳ֪Ʒѧѧݣȫ֪顣
лл
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ղžԼеʱ򣬳Ʒ
ڶμƷ֮ǰֻһѧѧ顣
вŶǸѧѧһʶ
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ƷЦһ˵ֺڰǲ֪ʱҲʵ˶е顣
ǽңңƼȻļĳ֣Ϳɼһˡ
и壬ţŹĶǣ໥ڦϣֻŬĽЩƽ֮⣬ڹ֮ȻӰĴڡ
棬߰ɣ鷳ˣǸ˵аҲûٿѧѧǲˣ
ʱǸĸŮȿ˵мǵ顣
ȻֱȦܸߣǺЩĸȨһôûС
ʱҲɵе㵣ĵĿƷ֪ҲѧǸȷʵǡ
޷СѣƷƶ˵
ʱź֮УѾС


580 ʲô˸Һԣ
Ʒ˵⼸֣ССǵ˶е㲻ŵĿ
Ⱥǻ֪ƷҲѧѧǸȴǻʵѧѧ
ƷҲǿѧˣɱɱ˺ܶѧѧˣȻҲ⣬ǶѰ˵ֻ̧ݣĪ
ڷ⽨ʱĻѧѧ֮ӣ˵ҲΪʵϴѧ߳ȥͳҲֻһˡ
ھֵطǧ˿ڣÿܹѧҲǺܶࡣ
˵˱ǿıĻǾ͸ǰ֮ԣ˸ǡ
Щͨ˵˱֮Ψֲǲ
ССǣ֮ǹ˾Ǵȥˣˣֳʲô۶
˵
ԣһЩΥԼ𣬲Ȼ绹Ҫº֣Ҳǵ˵ͷ
ССҲ鿪ʼȻ˼֣ʱ鿴ʱˣʵأǸոտʼѡ
Υ˹˾ܣԺӿ֪ù
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˶ְ취ѹûƷղŵĻϣΪӴֱȦͬ˶ҪĶˣҲ˸ĺڰ档
УƷֻǲ֪ĺڰ棬һǻѪѣ̫̫ⲻһǻѪܹ˵ġ
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ȺĲ²ǰ̫Сһѧݣ̫˽ˣڵݵλֻҪһкֳֻǷַӵ顣
ھ֮Уѧѧв٣ӸλԳƷڵͷһкԸһӵ̫ˡ
ֳһ͹˾Ҳһ仰顣
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ǶǱصĵҩḷ̌ԼԼĵҩ˾ֻǲرˡ
֮ǰɽӹ˾𣬶˵һ֣ܵ˵ģΪɽӹ˾ûԼľȻýǵ
ܵ˵ɽӹ˾ĹУǷһġ
Ǻɽӹ˾֮ìܵõ˻⣬ȻŽҺͺͻƼȻĽ룬־ͱˡ
ǵȻǰʲôҽ벻Ƕɽӹ˾в˵Ҳˡ
Ȼʱȴò֪ҺͻƼҾʲôȴҲòˣ²òͷ
ڴ룬һһŮˣǶʮӣǸͦΣֹǷ
Ķ棬һԼĪŶʮͷŮŮͬŻ毺ãԣϴżֽɫ
еĽ㣬ʽҺͻƼһĸˣȻˣǶǻƼ֮еľӢ
ҽ࣬Ƽһá
ƼҼҴҵ󣬲¶߲㣬ǵУе飬վֻС¶ѡ
ҲǸһ˲ôܵõ㹻ľ顣
ǵߣͬΧԼĪʮˣЩˣҲԾУ߶֮дӵܣҲࡣ
ƽκһ˶һ޴PARTYĺڶҪΧ˵ߣΪġ
٣һνҺͻƼһ뾲Уǿ϶ǺɨһˣǸνĳƷһ
һ꿴ŻãЦ˵
ȻƷһƽӵܣҲͻٺͽСôһб˵·ܹ˵ϻһֹˡ
ȻǸƷֻǽѢ֮ѣֻǵ˵ҪǣǻƼҺͽͳϾеĵҩ˾һˣǶԴҶ飡
أʱһȳһյ˹ߵһԵ˵ʲô
¶˼ֹɫˣҵҪʲô˸Һԣ
˵ţȻ뿪Ȧӣδ󺺱ڣֱŶȥ


581 һɱ񣬳Ʒ
ֻǿһǸ뿪ˣ漴ҲˣΪƼҵĵϵӵܣԼپУȻкܶͽ
Ǹ뿪Ҳֻ֮һѣ˵һ߽߱ǽǵСආѡ
޹ؽҪΪƼҵĵϵӢӵܣʸƽƽҲֻ˶ѡ
˵Ľࡣ
ȻͱҪСһЩȴһѲĴڣѧϴѧȴѾӪҲСĹ˾
νҵ츳Բܹѡ︺ɽӹ˾չ
ǵģҹ˾ĿΪɶɽӹ˾չڳƷǺ޲֮أǶɽӹ˾ȴ䵽˵УȻҪǵƿ֮С
ûˣڴ˵ģӦţǹ˾Ĺ㣬һǧڵĳгҪǣʱԼɼδʮ֮ڣѳһƥеĶ֣ˣ
ŵɵֻúǧڵгһѣܹһ㣬Ƕһ֡
Ȼһ壬˾ҲֻһӵܶѣƿȨǵϣǮȴп䵽ǵϵġ
Ǽ壬Ǹˡ
ǻúͽ࣬ʱǽҺͻƼңǸǴԼ
˶֪ԼԳԲôгƷ֪Ҫ߷ǮοǣҲԸֽ
ҺͻƼҲ֪˶ڵϵڻʤϺ˺ҲԲֺܺ
˵ûˣǿ϶ҪģߣȻһȣǸҵ˵ǰǾͱǲˣõ˵֮еɱȴҲ˾һ
õĻѾǳˣ˶Ҫǵ˵У˭ǵĵˣ˭ǵĵˣ˭Ҫ
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ȫͬ˳ģϾΪ˵һԱǿ϶Ҳܵô
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ԣԣǿ϶ᷢΪשߣ
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һԵĽҲƷϣΣ̫ˡ
߰ɣ
УѾʼԽԽˡ
ߣߣ˭ߣڲߣҵҪʲô˸Һԣ
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٣һ
ֳָųƷߵ˵
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δ󺺣һɱ˹Ƴ죬ֳһ۷ĸ֣ǺֳֳӸλĲͬɱʮ㣬Ѫɱˡ
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Ʒֻһһ֣ʱٶȳ֣ĸߴıδ󺺣ֱӾͱɨУʱݺݱķɳȥȫµĹͷžĶˣ䵽˵ϲϵĲҽȴǸˡ
Ǹ񣬵Ҳ˲ȻˣڣȻ㲻ģѰҲǶ֡
ھȻһִ˳ȥ
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Ϊĸ֪ߵغļһ£ǵǸ˵ʱ򣬶ʱѾˡ
Ϊ̫Ϥˣѧ飬һֱѧŻ⣬У԰̳ͷ
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ƷڱչˣϢûôУѧ֮Уȴǳױըˡ
δйһʱ֪ȡ
˵һҹ죬Щ۵˻صѧƷҲ֮Ϊ˲෹Ĺע㡣
۵©̺¾һգ˻ģһ֮УƷı־һȽȽ
۵֮УƷһɱ񣬼ɱ񣬼ɱʲôڳƷϣƺֲ˶á
÷ƣƣɣģЩպˣûһܹڳƷ϶һġ


582 ˭ѣ˭ǵ
Ǵɱ䣬ϵģûоȷϵĸѧУŵģˣҲнɣһʱ콾
ŵǺ֣ǺպĴ֮һѪӣǾȻƷͬɥ֮Ȯһϵɽնɱ
ȻʱһƬ֮УǻһЩƵȻԶЩģǳƷɱһɱѪӣֺɨɽϵ޻ˡ
Ʒ·һľ۵ѧ˶֪ûгƷôһε۵˼ˣⲢš
ȻǰǺԶһЩ޴һȱڣô϶ǲ룬ϼ˶
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ѧʮһɱ
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ңƼңЩֵľ;ÿµȻƷ˵ɱɱˡ
Ʒʱٶʱ͸о͵һ
ҿôɱˡ
һ˵Ƕ̶һ˲ѣδ󺺱ŵˣССǵ˶ˡ
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Լıڱ˲̵Ȼûдʴʣеʾĸо
ʶңƷżֵȻ˵
¶˼ڨڨЦݣȻתֱӾһߵֳϣֳ鼸һӾͱ߷˳ȥҽ±ˣ֪ΪʲôͻȻˡ
˵ڳһڶģôһɱ񣬻˵ԩ
٣治֪Ȼ㣬⹷֮ǰҲû˵ϴżĵЦݡ
鷴ת̫죬˶ֲССǵˣʹգһ۾϶Լ򿪵ķʽԡ
ȻȦҲ֪ƽɣղſҲжƷĸ첲Ȼһһ߷ֳ˵ԲһƢˡ
ȴȻĵĿųƷֱʵǱ仯̫ˡ
ǳ棬ҲţԼĸ磿
⿿Լպյļһͷ
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ǳƷɱ̫ʢˣΪľѧѧƷɱ¾ѧѧ͸ɱһɱһһѵġ
ΪһڳƷǰʲôɣĸţʮǱˡ
һҲеߡ
ʲô˼㻹ҪװôѵҲ֪һۻᣬôԸҵô㶼ˣΪʲôƷ˵
ʱǸˣ鱻ƷˣҲ֪ز˫ûʲôɶ˵ˡ
ƷҵĲԣҲ֪ȻѣһӣΣ
ʱٿ˵
һӣƷЦһһߵٵߣȻ̧Ȼһ˳ȥһſ磬ǸٸӦûӦͱƷһ߷˳ȥ
ʲô
Ʒֻ䵭˵ûκκøУһСˣҺͻƼҶҪԸŹ侮ʯѡ
˺ܶ࣬ƷȫǼȻײˣȻҲͲŹˡ
ٵؿڣ¶˼ʹ飬عǱƷһȫ߶ˣ֮иǾڳƷʵѾ߹ˣû뵽Լǵ͹ˣͬΪ쾳ߣƷһŶס
Ʒ㲻Ҫ̫ˣ콭СͻٶҺͻƼҶڴˣ㲻Ҫ
ؿڵʹ˵
Ʒ˫ֲڿڴһŽ߷ɵǽϡ
ѣҽҪԸƼҵģ̫˵Ҫ⣬˭ѣ˭ǵˣҽҲ˭ѣ˭ǵˣ
أ
Ʒ˵һ߿ţ߿һĴţһʱ䣬ǷڵĴˡ


583 
ųƷŶ룬ڲԶССǵ˲һֺò׻عĸо
Ѿ׳ǵǿη֮绢٣ڳƷУȴһһ˵߾ˡ
֮ǰٶԴֳһҲǺ޹˼ɣ
ȻóƷ˿ǿӣ֮ǰٶԳƷη֮绢ӣǶ
ĵЦݼǶţǻھжô
⡭棬
Ͳŵ˵
԰ʲôݰ˼ʵ
һҹ˾ĻȫȫǰԵܲˣССͬðǡ
˵Ҹȷʵһҹ˾ҹģСⲻ¥ôҲ֮С
֪ԼҸڸʱһ·𣬺ǿѧҲ֪Ȼˡ
ҵ죬ǼʵʲôغŰɣȵ
ҡҡͷǼҾһ˼ңʲôţֻ˵ЩҸ紳İɣ

ʱѾߵſڵССкæȥ
Ʒһ߿֮󣬴߽ȥʱжͻıʸĿ⡣
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вжɻ󣬲֪⾿Ƿʲô飬˾ȻֱӾʹ˽
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ƷЩ֮УȻ㲻ĬĬţʵϣЩ֮ŲС֪ȡ
Ͼɽӹ˾һֳ֮˲СĶϰô᲻עĿΪʽһΪ֮Ŀ
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˲ܵһϳ˽֮Ͼͱ˶˳ˡ
ĳ˵һξۻһǡ
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Щ̼ƤѾս֮УĿȳǽˣڿƷʱ򣬻мΡ
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ˣ
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ƷʲôʱһָųƷ˵Լ³ƷʱȻѾͶ˽ҺͻƼңȻñ̬ˡ
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Ʒ˵
ΪܹҰĵطô̼Ʒǵʾ෴ģвʱȻŭ
ƽʱҲǸ߸ϵǽҺͻƼȻôܱƵС
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ٿṆ̀ȫ亹ֱʲôΪֲһ
ƷҲһۣᣬղһеȻǴһͰ˸¹ˣڳŴħŵһķţǲᶨûз˶С
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һæǰ˵
ǺЦûзǵһһˣңƼΣɱûһҲаʮǰʲôӣ
Ʒҡͷ˵
ƷȫŵģҺͻƼҿǰ˴֮һǶôǿƵˣ˵ɱ˼ʮϰ٣ɱһǺ䶯Ĵ¶ȻҺͻƼҵı
Щ֮УΨǼѧѧˣΪ֪ƷĻǴţȻץƷʲôʵ֤˶֪˵ġ
һɱ
һͷ治ǳƷ̶֪Ѩǰ


584 
Ʒͷµʱ֮дķǳ㣬ֻҪ΢йעһЩߵľûв֪ġ
ȻҲ֪ɱɱ飬ƷսֱҪˣһɱ
ȻҪڸѧ֮ıȽϹ㣬֮⣬ʵкܶ˹עΪҲĿǣѹȥ
Ƽ뽭ҵ˸ҳƷ鷳Ȼܲȫ׼ǿ˵ͲóƷ鷳
Щǿĳģ£ƷȻ֪һЩҺͻƼҵƵ£Щͬѧѧȴֻһֲ֪˵Ʒ֪η¸ˡ
ƷȴлҪΪпܸıʲôô̫ˣЦſųƷ˵
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ʱ˽ǽſڵССǵ˸һ
ӸղǾͿųƷһ·˽ʵ̫ˣһ֮˲ҷ
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Ʒ˵漴͵һƺƶ޿ƥ֮ƣһ䵽˻õϡ
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һҽУסһƣ˲䵹˳ȥ


585 ְ
òҽһ˳ȥֱײ˵ϣֻǼ򵥵һƣ䵽ϵʱȴоȫĹͷҪһ
һƻܣ
֮ǰñ˶ôֲս˶ˣǶڳƷ˵ҲֻһƵѡ
ĲˣƷսѾˣսϣֻǺ۷ĻѾ˱ϵĲˡ
Ʋ˼
ǳɵˣղǵлǲǻƼҳӵ뷨תۼþͰˣֱžžžĴ
⡭Ʒôôǿ
Ǿʲôʱôһˣ
ֲ̫ˣ˻ҸղûȥĻʱ򱻽ѵ˾ˣ
Щ̶ʱһɵˣ־ܹѾ˺쾳Ļãʲôľ硣
ѵѾ쾳ô
㲻쾳磬Ҳ϶Ѿ˺۷ˣ󲿷ֵǳегҲֻһ۷壬಻쾳¡
һ֮ڣϿԺˡ
չֳʵ֮Ѿû˽ƷֻһõСѣʵϣƷֳʵԶԶֻһСô򵥡
һҲʸˣ
֮ǰΪҺͻƼұȽͣû뵽ƷȻҲƲ磬ͷߵĿͷĹˣ
ٺ٣ƷʲôͷߣǻûɵĹȻצδɣѾ㹻ҧˣ
ףΪʲôƷԹˣҳӸʾģʵĻǾѰ·һͷѣӵ㹻ǿʵĻǾʵʵڵˣ
۷׷ף³˳Ʒôģھǣվӵʱ߲ȵûƷɲʲô͵һ
ҽ˵ܶೡֵսûһȵĹô
ССǿĿɿڴ˵һ֮Ϊһ㣬Ҳѣϵ츳ֻһ㣬ȴ˵ܶೡ֮ĶԾҲûм쾳ĸֽ֡
ȴûһȵùõģǼǻԳƷҲûסһС
Ҳͬˣͷ䶷ǳУҲ˵٣۾ʳ̶ԶʤڸղŵĽ֣ʵϸᲢۡ
ҲЩ𾪣ϸûһʱȻǿز˵ƵʱΪƺˣǺԼϸС׼ס
ڣͻȻڳƷߺұװ׳һα˲ͳųƷɱ˹
߶ףһ׳˾Ȼһģһ˫̥
ʵк۷ľ磬öҪǿ֣Ϊ˫̥ͨһ֣ͬͬѰͬΪ۷ĸ֣Ҳһ˲ͻˡ
˵϶żŭɶ飬ǶǻõĻãǾԲûһ˿һģڻȴƷش
ǵʧְȥ֮ⲻˣҪܵƼҵĴ
ȻͬǺ۷壬ǵݵλͻȣԶˣñǻƼΪõľӢȻУıҲûȴ
ƷȻףҲѴ̡
ֻǸղŻð̫ܵˣ쵽ǶӦͳʧˣӪȵʱ䡣
ȫŭк˳Ʒϡ
һһңƳ죬ɽҪһӽƷг⽴
׳ֳųʺϰ䣬һֵֵ쾡¡
лˣƷŲæ
أ
أ
˵Ĺȫ˳Ʒϣ˵ֱۺһݺ䵽˳ƷϣȻҳ˽ײ
ĹǽҪҰȥֵڹ䵽Ʒϵʱ϶¶˵ֵЦݣ漴ǵЦݾͳסˡ
ΪƷθ˿ûΪĻᱻҳһƬѪģ
ųƷųˣ˫ȭ˳ǹһɨɲǼ䣬ֱӳ˺ȥ
أ
أ
ƷĹ磬ֻһ˲䣬Ѿ䵽ֵܵϣֵûƷܹӲǵĹٶ˵Ѹ٣޷ֱӲҽһȻ󵹷˳ȥݺ䵽˵ϡ
˹ڵʹؿڲҽвѣһ˲ˡ
˷˵ؿֱӰݽȥһ飬˲ͷֳʤȭѡ


586 ϣ
ʱ˶еɵˣƷֵܶٶʵ̫ˡ
֮ǰĻãƷһжסڵҲͬˡ
زλף۷ͳƷսѾ˸ԵĲࡣ
Ѿˣ޷ֲĵزˣ
еֻڶ̶ʱڷ˷츲صı仯ԭΪǲƷΪƵһ˭֪ڶ̶ʱһоת˹
ƷֵıȻҪͣ
Ȼ˲֪Ϊʲôһ׵ģƷʾģôʣʾĽǷǳɹġ
˭Ҫúÿһµ˳ƷǱɾζʲôϾƷŲǶʮ겻ȻѾܹǸ޷Ӵĺ۷ĸˡ
ɳȥδ϶֣
һֵı˻ѧѧʱܹԴͷǳֲˡ
벻ܹġ
ֱӱƷǸŤת˹ԭҺͻƼѹϳƷɳƷһ
Ȼ⣬ǱѾ˾޴ı仯ˣףҲһӴҲֻ϶ѡ
ʱѾû˸СƷˣƼҺͽҹȻǣȻǰĳƷҲʲôƲ硣
Ʒ˲۷ĸڳˣһһĳһνҵĴ˽ȥ
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ҽн࣬˵ʦأЦӯӯ˵ıȷʵǵ֮⣬Ѽ۵ϵսϣǸʱҲǺضѣԻƼҵΪ̶ֳȵݾͿԶԸˣû뵽ȻǶ̶µʱ䣬ȻѾɳزˣ
˶С㣬Ȼҽҵĸ֮
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֮˸žâѧϵ츳ҲòϣνĴڣȳƷҪϼ꣬Ϊ֮ͬҲǰμһȺ֮һˡ
ϾڽȻ֮УֻҪ츳ȥĳɾͶĶȥ
츳ɣ˵Ҫϲٵģǽ˼ǽȻʮܳһǺ˲ˣʮ궼һҲ
ƷȻҲչֳ˿Ƚ츳
һδƷȻܹܺ۷ǻһһⱾһ漣ˡ
ǰҵĳ£ѧУѾµĽչֳӾ˵ʵ
Ҳδ¹˵ʵǿԽңƼȻʱҲһԵޱȵС
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ӽʼŲ֮ͬ꣬һֱڣһڣЩˡ
ͽɣͬЩ̫ǿˣҲмǿ츳ԲὫϣҲϰһȥ
֪ͬԼûЩʣߵ·Ҳͽɣȫͬ
ܹҲΨüпߵ۷塣
û˼壬Ҳʲôˣ
㻹׼ʲôƣǾóɣ
Ʒ˵
ϣߺߣ룬һԸ⻨㹻ĴۣǼҵţ
൭˵
ǣСӣùԹԵģҪͼĻһСšԴǿɾͲˣ
ʱǽǱԵһĸߴ󣬺׷ͯյ߻˳
֮ǰվڱԵʱ򣬸û˲˵Ȼ˼ȫĴڡ
һֱղţڷӦ˹Ǳ߾Ȼվôһˡ
šҵԴҵҪû£Ʒ䵭˵֮дżĮЦݡ
ǸһһƷ֮ҲɵĴ˼ֵǵ飬ҲɵȻóڳƷ۷ֵ£ϻһȫ޿ֵӣȻ̡
ٵҲǰΪ֪£ȥֻΪƷۣϰﲻæ
ʱˣΪʲôֻ֮ƾԼ֣Ǹǽúް취һġ
һһɱģͬģٵвҲЩںƽ֮еܹ׵ġ


587 óƷ죿
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Ʒܹͬѧ³ӣ۷Ŀ¸֣ⶼóƷһ㴫ɫʡ
ȴΪ絣ģһ棬϶Ѱĥѡ
־ͿĵжôΣˣǳƷصϴ̸ЩΣҲһʴ
ԭҲûȥϸȻȴɵõ
ʣ¼ûκεǼ򵥵ģҪʲôȻҪʲô
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ͷӣÿ£ܹԸôССǲɵý
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ᶨ˵ԼĸоԵš
СӣҶȤδǰ;ڵ㣬ǰȴһֻ϶ѣ˺۷㲻һôһߣһ˵˳Ʒǰ
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˵
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͸ղŻҲãһԱֵҲãѹȫָо
˵鶼һӱˡ
죬֣
ʱٿ򽭷ʱ򣬶ˣΪʲôȻˣƷɻ˻õ۷ĸҲƤ΢һ¡
Ϊıվһ֣
֮Уֶϲʿԭʲôײ㣬ʲôңһ쾳磬ǾͱȻʿ
Ȼ㲻Щ֮һѾ֮ܿܿˡ
ھ֮УĴڣѾһмˣһһܹþӰ졣
Ҫ˵Ϊ޹ǵʱ򣬻᲻ٵ켶޳֣Щ֣˳ˡ
ҾȻɳһ֣ȻҲǲ˵϶Ǵھˡ
ϾҵЩʱܺãҲκεĵطãǻƳƷӸҷˡ
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Ҳѹеĵͷߡ
ְҲֻнȻӵĴֱ˰ɣ
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ҲɼĽһģһƼңһƷ϶ûпܷˣ
ϧˣԭͦóƷģһûпˣ
ྭ̶ɵøп˵ҲˣҺͻƼҲشֱѹˣǿǽܣɱɽӹ˾
ƷҲǲһ㣬ֱӴӲӲ뽭ҺͻƼӲӲ
Чİ취صȫѹҺͻƼҵܳɹЩֻ¶Ҫ¿ˡ
ȻҺͻƼνعٲֹܣƷ㹻ʵס̣ôҲּɵġ
ϾҺͻƼǴɽӹ˾ȻͬҲǣʧ˼档
֮ǰҺͻƼҲƴǲòãڸոտһ⣬ΪƷ̣˭֪Էһ͵ġ
Ʒܹ۷Ļã쾳磬һˣ֣쾳߸һ
Ͳһ£۷ĸҪͻƵ쾳磬ȴҲǧѵģһٸҲδһܹɹ
ǵУʤƽһӳŽһƼҵȥ
Ҳһж۵ף¶˼Цݡ
ҪЧѹ㹻ѹһˣ
ҵٴҲֱӴһЧΪЩ̿ڽҵѹʵһʵʵԼһƬصûһǼ򵥵ˣóԵĵƣҲĸԸĵͷ
һУóƷɣ


588 ˣҲ֣
Ҫ̤ϸߵ۷壬ΪһУóƷɡ
ʽרȨһҪõ֣δй滮ʼ㣬ûʽרôһж״
ƷͲҪĺˣ
ĶųƷ뵽
ʱһһѹҪ֣ƷͻȻЦ˵ǽǻ࣬ƾϰʮ˲Ÿոտķô
ʲôͫ΢ţ¶ŭݡ
죬飬ÿһ۷嶼ܹ쾳磬һ
ȻʱҲеˣȴȷʵѾˡ
Դ쾳֮󣬾Ҳû˸ӶԴˣ˵Ǳһ쾳ССˡ
˵ǸҲһƷ˵
ѾжϳˣӦǸոտ쾳粻ܾá
ȷʵǿ󣬵Ҳһĸ֣ܹɳȥ֮еģҲʲô̫ǿĸ֡
ΪҵĲҵʵ̫ˣ𾲺ߵҪҪĶеǣǽൽ˵ĳʽǰֻôֶ䲻
裬
ƷͻȻ˵
ʱһӰͻȻ˽վ˳ƷԱߡ
ǣүʲôԸ
һֱڳƷ߱İȫص˼ʱʼһֱֻһֱûôˡ
ڳҲͳƷܹһֱ֪Ĵڡ
ˣȴһ㶼ûв
ڳ϶¶˼𾪵ɫڳĸֲ٣ǾȻһ㶼ûвȻעתƵԭ򣬵ֻҲʲô֮
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ǣ
¶˼˷ܵ飬ԴͻƵ쾳֮Ǽһֱչأʣµ˻ҪƷļˣ鲻ʱ໥д衣
ΨһдˣǳƷʵıƷݺŰһ٣ûĶˡ
ͨˣǲܺ͹ȵģƷʾĹ
ںòһֵཻĻᣬ̲ס˷ϵҲһһ
䣡
Ҳͬһɿֲƣֱӳ쾳磬ܵĿƿˣϢˡ
֣Ȼ֣
˶ɵˣЩǸ±ˣƽǵѾѰеˣҪһɲǺס
͸˵ˣʵеĽ֣ӵĳǿʮʮ궼δܹۼһΣ϶ƵϿ
ƷȻҲĵƣ
Ƕ̫С˳ƷˣĸƷȻ̵ܹסﵽڲͷųҪһ֪򣬾ǽҺͻƼҲ޼ɵɣһЩ𾪵˵
ҺͻƼȻǿ󣬵Ҳ޼ɵ£ÿطԼĹ򣬽ҺͻƼӹҲҪ޶ȣϾȻǿ󣬵ȴ޵УܹᲢۡ
ǲ֪ͻƵ쾳磬Ҳѡ
ſڵССǵҲĿɿڴһ־ѾǸ߸ϸЩССܹӴĵˣο
Ȼ֣棬Ǹʶôȿųʵ
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ûаҲǲ֪´Ȼ֣ҲһΣҲֻ֪Ǻ۵ֱҲز
쾳ѾͿˡ
˵ҲֵսּĸֺɾͿͬʱ߹ۿûˮֵ֣ǹʱٵ
Ǹʲôطôĸ֣뵽ǰ˵Ҳβࡣ
ô˵Ǽͬʱٱ
뷨һðԼͱһæ˦Դš
ǼұǴСԼỳǲǼʵʲôݵҺˡ
ǵĿⶼ䵽˳ƷϣֻϵĹ⻷ֶһ㡣


589 һȭ
豬˶ֲܹӵеĿֲϢĹҲʼ
ԳƷԲ⣬ԺͬΪ쾳ĳ裬Ͳܲˡ
˵֮зӿ·֮кǳĹĶһɿֲ
䣡
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ɲǼ䣬Ͼ˺ѿ˿һһȾͳų˹ȥ
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˫ȭֱӶһУֱһȡ
أ
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Ӱµװ׳һײһ
⣡
˫˺üϺ岽ֹ߲ͣ
ӳϿԣ΢ռϷ磬ĹռݵϷ磬ԽҲһˣӦһʱˣԵģ費ǲŸոտһ¶ѡ
˫ĶЩ࣡
ǹϵȴأΪ֪ĺȻڹȫռϷ磬ڸղһײ֮У˫׼˱˴˵ʵһؽףֻѾƽһ۷壬ֻǸոտѡ
⿴һĲ࣬鲢ôģѾʮˣ費ʮʮѣȭ׳ھ£δܹƴĹ衣
϶ռϷģʱһãȫѪͻ᲻ãؼԴԴҲı䲻ʵ
ѧУҪ磬ͻҪĵ
δʮʱͻƣ϶ܹߵԶĵزȴѾȫͣûĻҲأضѡ
ͻ֮ĸоԼļԽԽƽˣͻ쾳Ѿ꣬ȴδһ۷塣
뵽ֺ֮飬˲˶ϣһȳųɨ˳ȥֲһȾһһ˺ѿǿֲսΧ˶ܹо
ʱǸҴ٣Ǿ̣Ѿ˵һȥˣҿ
ΨһܹվеģҲΨгƷǣǿֲɨƷΧߵĵطͻᱻһɻԶɨԶΪޡ
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أ
䣡
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۴˽ᣬǾп϶Ҫһˣ
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һȭֱӺ䵽˹굶һĳϣ˾ֻǿֲȭɢ˿ŹԱʱٶֱӵ˳ȥ


590 ȫ
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أ
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Ҳǵڰʱĺ֢֮һЩʵ̫޷ˡ
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ƷҲɱ㣬ȴǲڶɱˣΪ֪⽭Ȼָʾ
⵽Ҫ޳Ʒпܣ
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ʱȻʸڷϣȻ֮͸¶ȴޱȵĺ⡣
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Ʒǵ׳Խ۵ʱʵҾȻսƵϣΪֲĵط
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ֻսϵͻƣڽ˵ҲԲʲôϢ
˵ƷԭֻпܶڽһʧĻôѾսͻƵ쾳ĳƷȴʵʵӵӵʵ
Ҫ֪ͨ壬ɳȥˣ
һǿҵɱ⣡


591 Բ
ǿҵɱ⣬̾ͱƷ֪ˣȻȻһ˦˹ֱӳ鵽˽ϣһȻһתתܶȦ֮źһ䵽˵ϡ
İȫݶ˺üţȥﻹ֮ǰ׵ģ

ƷЦ˵
Ұ⣬ƷٷְٻֽɱΪоΣգɻҪΣա
ĳ˵ͽͬһˣӵǿʵҲϰʵ⣬ȻܶʱⶼЧķ򵥴ֱȴЧ
⽭ȴһ͵ļˣʵԶߵ壬ߵһ·Լıȡʤ
ˣʲô鶼пܣǿҲȻģ
ƷľͽɳȥЩ̸ﵹһٿƷʱֻǰ;ֱ
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Ʒʰ˽֮˳룬Щǣ˵ҽ뿴˭ҵѣ˭ҵĵˣΪҺͻƼҺǿҲǣڿٸѡһεĻᣡ
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ΪǼ֮ĶֻҪСĵ㣬гҵıӣǵϡ
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Ҳõģ֪ǲͬСҲڳϵڳɳҪ˵ڳжͬУ˵Ҳţ˵ûйϵǳȻΪڷ絲꣬ͻᷢмΪҲкܴôģҲֻǴһЩˣ
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һλȥ˶Ҫһɣ


593 ȫУ
ѧǣѧǶȥҴңĿʱڸڲϵͼ֮УǼΨһĵ㡣
ֻΪһһȵĩҪˣһȺ֮˵ȻŲϸҿƵҲǲܴڵġ
ھҵѧ֮Уûں棬ÿ˶Σӱ
ΪԽǿǰܹõԴȻҲԽ࣬ôһοҲܹԽǿǰ
һδεĿ˿ɲν飬δܹжĳɾͣѧУ֮екܴĹϵ
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ѧĻƷո˴յѧ֪ͨԽڽС
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ҲһȫУķܹѧĵطһ֯ģǼ


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ǶֵδԿ϶쾳磬ͬڳûʲôϣ쾳磬⻪ҪĶˡ
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ʮڣ򷢽лأ
ƷЦһöͨڵֵֻʮڵĻĵʦԴһһĻؼҷˡ
ȻʵϣǻǮͿõģοʮڣѰ˵⵱ȻһˣǶһöڵļֵ˵ȴǴ͹ˡ
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ͻܳƷܹ֮õĺôȣѧУĴ㲻ʲô

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أ
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ʮɱĹ⸴ᶥûдƷ΢ƷȫƷ߳Ӱˡ
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595 ȫУ
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ҲûԤ֮еĲɱȻǲˣǵɱɵĲҾ档
ȫǹ⸴ᱻƷĽ࣡
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ΪܶҲǳ⸴ᵱȻѧǿһ
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һöͨڵļֵѾΥѧУĹϺѧ˺
һʱϣǼ֯໥в໥ߣ˳ƷȴǱˡ
˵˶϶䣬Ҳס޷䵽˭϶ѡ
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ڳƷر·ϣѾַˣƷԼȫһӣĿ֮£ƺҲı˸ϡ
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596 ΪΪ
ν˼ۺ죬ƷѧĶԹʼڽʱƣѾԽԽˡ
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һֱӴ·Ա߲һװõľʯֱӾͳųƷݺ
˶ɵˣһУȷʵ֮⣬һʯȻװõģȴҲǻʵġ
Ʒ˾ͿˣⲢǣʹõһ񹦾ѧ
΢һ˼Ʒٿҵ˴𰸣Ȼһֻ쾳ľѧ
Ϊ󹦣ԣĲΪ̫ʱһճǣ·̫㣬߿գպ󻹶أײض󹵡
Ԣԣݷ𷨲˼飬ڴʱڣзŵ߸ԢԹ¿һ⹦ԾԴ
˵һžѧ˵һŷļɣҲֺܶһ⹦ѧΪֲϲЩߵĲࡣ
Ǻܶ޶ûЩļɣ༴δҲѵеù
ַֻļɣȴֲֻܳܣǼѹ
һʯǰߴֱ˹һɼ磬һͶĹΪˡ
һ˸֮
Ʒȴͬ㣬̧˫֣Ȼסһ˹һ
أ
һʾ˸ղһĿֲ
ʲôסˣ
˴ʱҲûзӦ˵ǱƷɵˣҲܿ췴Ӧ˹ϳ󹦣Ҳ֪һŹĿֲлˡ
ƺûܹӲһġ


597 Ű
˲ûм󹦣ʵûпҲ٣Ҳ֪һ󹦵
ֽӵˣûмΪǸͲܣֵʱѾܾˣǱѾܾˣټ󹦵ǲŽĿֲ
ĸҲֽ£ǿֲҲǾ޴˺
ҿǶҲ̫˰ɣ
ͽֽ󹦣ղŵҪ¼ŵϾҪ𣡡
Ȼһ̫ǿˣֻҪҲף
˶Ʒͽֽ󹦵ŵˣҲ棬ҲһʱûзӦԼӳȥʯȻƷסˡ
΢һ㷴ӦȴƷѾ־ͽһ޴ޱȵľʯ鳯˹
ӳٶȻҪ죬ֱһ㡣
ɲǳƷӣһͽӲӣӲӵĽֻ˫ֱҶϡ
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ոս̤æ㿪һ޴ʯͷһ֮ȴȻ֣Ʒ֪ʲôʱ򣬾ȻѾɱǰˡ
ÿٶȣ
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ʵ̫ˣܵһ˲䣬ƷȻѾƽ˹
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ȣ
ƷһȣֱһȺɨ˳ȥ굶ֱӱؿڶȥ֮ǰһžͽ⸴⻪߳˵ģھҪʼʩ
Ҫ̫СˣһȣҲŭɶ
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͸оǱһװ׳ӭݺײһµָо˫ֱӱ߶ˣȫĹͷҪɢһ
ʵոտ쾳磬϶Ҫ٣϶סڵĳƷο档
ƷĻʼսͻʼΪģͻѣһͻƱȻս
ȻҲֻгƷԼ˵ʵ̫ѧˣΪȲʤȯȴһС
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棬ڳƷ˵Ƥһ£ⱾȻģʵ֮ϵĹ϶ǳƷĶ֣οء
͵ѧİȣȷʵˣ˵Ȳֱ֮ϣʩչȹܹƷʼսȫչֳ
ոջ棬˼άѾѵķˣΪս˾ؽذԽ֮⣬һЩȭŹ
Ҫȶһ󹦣һҲǳƷҪѧģܹƷս
ͨն˲ѯһ£켶ľѧҪһǧ֣󹦸һЩҪǧ֣һ˻渺𣬻óƷ֮ǰЩֻδù⡣
뵽ƷҲͲԥæ˱ʼһѧ
ʱѧУ֮Уķ籩Ÿոչ


598 ƽ֮ı
Ʒȵĺãܹľѧæȥһˡ
֪ս¶֮󣬽ҺͻƼҶļɵ϶һ¥ʱóʲôֶζԸǾ͸δ֪ˡ
Ȼ֪ˣǳƷҲڣֻ㹻ǿ˲ƿԼˣ˽ƿأǲϰߡ
еһöͨڵħ˼ͼĿ꣬ѧУЩʵºˡ
µѧУЩˣֶεǰᡣ
ԳƷҪ취ǿԼʵ
ЩƷܵˣ⻪Ǹǿ棬һⶼѧУ֮кպĴڣͣѧ֮жǿһˡ
쾳磬ϸ˵ʤĹѧѾˣʦûж١
Щ˾Ӱ˳ƷϣǺ޻֮ľʧˣ֪Ϣ
֮ǰոڳƷķ籩ƽ֮У˵Ʒˡ
涼ܹɻܣѧ˵ܹʤùƷѾǺܶˣЩҲǶѧ֮С
ܶ˶棬Ϊ϶ǴĵѧҲȿҲϽУõġ
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ںڰ֮Уѧһ֮У֮ǰƷһȵĽĿϵš
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һϿ˵ԽԽãϻһöͨڵħ˼ͼ˵֣
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ϣص˸ն֮󣬽ı䡣
Ʒҵ裬ϴˢ
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599 £˵Ľ
Ʒعķ籩ȿ˸ѹȥ
ѧ֮еѧƷǳ࣬ΪҪѧѧ֪֪ȫ˲ţпĿǳأѧѧձϵţҲ޷֧ŵסصĿγ̡
ʱ֮УƵĿ˾ͷǳţһƸոտϾͶһƵĿ֮Уĸǳ
ѧѧ˵ǶѾʲôˣϾѧΪ˵ǳˡ
ڳƷ˵ʱǱȽϿԣģϹĿڸƿϻϺܹܿɡ
иʱϰոմѧڶһȺ󹦡
֮ǰѾʽˣз֮󣬺ܿ¯ĵزֻһܹ뻯
һ˲䱬ļɣһ˵ⲻһźʵõĹڳƷ˻ʼս˵ȴżļӳɣս
ͬʱƷÿ춼ǳٹȵڵʣеĹ˵˾һɱḶ́ȥʣĸǿеĶĿġ
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ִͨĿƼƳĸӿѧ㣬Ҫ΢ԪغӪУƷ
ʱ䣬Ʒ˽翼֮⣬һŶûгܿҲڵ˵ˣưȿˣսҲʼ
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Ʒͼϵ˼꣬Ǹղκλظһεȿ˼궼μӡ
ƷҲûжǿ֪ʵȻѾȴʲôˡ
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۵ĹھȻǷ޵ԭΪǿ÷ƵķͷƷˣΪ˶֪÷ƲҰ˳Ʒϵ顣
֮ͬǰ÷ƳΪʸ֮ģ˹עĿ꣬ڳƷҲȻ˱С
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ѧ˵
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⵹ûд֮ǰȻǳƷǿˣھͲ˵ˣ֮ǰ۵ȷʵֵķǳޣ϶ħ˼ͼаռ֮Ҳòˣʱʤδ֪
˵÷ƺͶҲĸǿˣ˵÷Լһ֯꼶ȥǰʮﶼ£Ϊ£
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۷׷֮УƷ÷ƣǰ׸۵Ľ㣬ἰεĴڡ
һƷͷ֣ԼΧ˲ˣһˣ÷ƣƵˡ
ôҪֳʤôƷЩˣЦһ˵
Щ˵ĵҲóƷĿĽ㡣
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֮ޱȸӵɫ֮ǰƷһ޹ؽҪСȴ֮ϣûа취
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ϾĿǽһٶȣôͽ͵ĲͿܳΪԶֲϵĺ蹵
Ʒ˵ûʱȶϼ°ɣ÷ƿһ۳Ʒ֮תȥ
ƿһۣҲתȥˡ
ȥ֮󲻾ãλҲڿʼ


600 һ·ɨܵ
λʼƷͱ͵һȶУƬ֮һҲˡ
һԼĪʮ˾ģˣ޳۽˾ȻǳƷʱ򣬲ɵ¶˼ֿЦ顣
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Ʒ΢΢һЦֻǵ˵ͷ˲൱һǰ߿ʱĳ̶ȣڵ˵Ҳһ²þؽҲɻܡ
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ڵһ֮󣬳ƷֱΪĶϾֱˡ
ѧ֮оӢֳȺǴ󲿷ֺͳƷо޴Ĳġ
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ĽҲʲôĿԣƷֻһȭѣͽԷһŹ⣬ʧԭء
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601 ·𣬶
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Ⱥǵڣõһսϸ֮󣬶ʱ鶼̣Ѿˣ̾ͽչ֮С

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÷ƲţнҲĹϣ÷ҳľѧôҲֻ÷һ˽žѧޱˣ÷ұֻһС壬÷ֻ֮δǰ;
ֲǳƷ÷ͻƵ켶սǷĵãҸҿ϶ַĿ϶һԵģظãǳƷͬǿԼʵԽⲻԽǵģ
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ÿκڰѪطɱһ˵ʱ򣬾ϲӵЧֻΪȾֲЧЩѪ굱̺ŸʴԵĶҺ
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Ǹû뵽ƷȻܹƿƷһץ˲
ӦͱƷһԴһ˲䣬Ѫ罦䵽Ʒ

ƷЦһֱӳԶȥ


607 ʬһƬĺڰѪɱ
ڰѪصûԼȻôɾͱɱ˰ɡ
ΪƷһӣƾ˭봦ʢŭ֮µĳƷôֲ
һûͱɱȻҲ쾳磬ս̫Զˡ
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նɱ˺ڰѪص֮󣬳ƷҲûһ˿һֱͣڵظȥ
ڳƷնɱǸڰѪص֮󲻾ãһ˸˹ÿһҲǴżΪ뺷ϢȻҲ׷ٳƷˣ˭֪ȻͿ˺ڰѪص˺ʬһƬĳ
˵϶¶˼ŵ飬ڰѪһŰ裬ͳɱһɹˣһ˸
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ҳźڰѪһĳ˶֣ȻǲݣڿȻڳƷĺ֮㣬ȻôѪūټһڰѪݣ춼꣡һ˵
Ȼµǣµ˾ȻǺڰѪأʮѪūһڰѪݾȻҲҰˣȫһ߱ͷֱַ߱ɴ䣬ûõڶΣص˵֮ǰڳƷйƶǴģʵѾ죡
ΪƷոȿ֮󣬾ѾӵϢæȻƷȿϵı𾪣ǶЩϱ˵ȴûüõЩϢ
׷һҪ׷ϳƷ˵ˣ
æ˵˵ɲҪ³ƷеĶҪ˸ĵ֡
ƷжˣԲֹôһʲôϹҲ֪Ψһľڱ֮ǰ
һ뿪֮󣬲Ƭ֮󣬾׷ͬʬһƬĺڰѪصɱ֡
̶ʱ֮ҲõͬĽۣء
һһ˷׷׸ܿ죬ڰѪصڳƷ˵ϢͿʼûв͸ǽǳƷɱ˾ߣһҲûд
ΨһҪѶʱѡ
Ʒнȴɫֻ߬ŵ˫ȭ¶˳ƷʱеĽ
ƷĳУںܶ˵̫ҫˣ
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Ʒܲˣǰȥ
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ЩӶÿһҲ൱ں쾳磬ҲһЩк۷ΪʣµҲѰĺ쾳硣
ݶһӶ˵ʮ־˵ģӦӶ֮еľ
ڵӶʵԸǿ࣬ѾԿ쾳磬ѹƷϡ
ϾУƷʵǿҲֻһһѧѡ

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ʮ˶ʱ۾ڷŹ⣬Ҫ֪ǧЩѪӶ˵һһľ޿һʾ޿Ϳˣùÿ춼սľˡ
Ͼÿ˶ϲ޷ǾΪıˡ
ʮ绢Ϊǧͽ𣬷׷׽߾ȫǵУƷѾˣһǮˡ
ڤ粻飬ȻˣͳͳȥƷĮ֪϶̫ˣֻҪѧȻֵĿꡣ
ƽʱҲˣȻȥһֻСʱʱ䣬ȥ·ϸ·ʱ䣬ʱʵˣ
ľؽˡ
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һ޴ĺ޽ʼһնƺһһӶŵĸһͷײһնС
ͣ
ӶŵĸҽУͱһ롣
Ѫȵɱ¾ʹչ


608 ͳͳնɱ
ڳег֣Ʒй˼ɣȻ㲻ȫȫĺ졣
ȴͬʼսĿȫ˳
ƴһնУܾ˼屻Ʒһɱ
ϳƷٶ̫ˣÿһһ㣬Ѱ˵۾ϳƷٶȡ
̶Ƭ֮䣬ͱƷɱʮˡ
ȴʮ˵Ĺ֮£ȫصܲ͸磬ؼ汸
ʮ˵Ľ֮£ǵܹزʧܹչɱ¾ɱ¾Чжྪˣӹɡ
ЩͲ֪˶ٴɱ¾ӶסˣǼʶ㣬Ҳɱ¾Ʒһɱ˵ģȴǵһμ
ȵҪֲĶˣ
ǲѪūԺ֮иûɱ¾ǰɱƷΪǸߵľ˵ͽ𣬵һжûҪ
ôΧɱƷһǰϣʱסǣԥ
Ƕ̶ʱ䣬ƷǾɱӶŵĳԱЩǸӶŵ죬ʱŭ
ʱ䣬ֻҪ㹻ʱ䣬ųڸ·ϣֻҪܹסˣ
ʱǸӶŵ˵
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ǸӶô˵ЩӶԱˣ̶ʱ䣬ǾѾ׸ı֮ǰĿġ
ԳƷڵ׺˵ѾܹնɱƷģҲýס
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סңƷЦһҲ֪ԲܱסĻ滹˾ŵѪζҰһķ˹
ʱҲһһĻˡ
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ƷʵʣǳԽ֮ǰԤϣƷսֻк쾳磬ôЩ˺ʹҲ㹻Ʒˡ
ȻڣƷսԤϵֲʮҲûκˡ
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ӶŵһӳҪ񷶼һֱϯһɿֲѹųƷѹ˹
ǿֲһһ˽һ˵ɱƷһҶۣжٿ񳱶
켶Ľ֣ӶŸֶƵһԣ޷Ҳֵܹս
Ӷ죬ŭ˼£һ˳ǹ̳ÿһǹըһŷ˲õǹâ
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609 
Ʒת̫ˣЩӶʣµĸֻΪܹŤתʱ˭֪ǵ죬Ǹųһʵ֣¾ͱƷɱ
һз̫ˣҲ̫ͻȻˣ׼Ѿˡ
֮սҲûַսܳʱŷֳʤ̶ʱͷֳʤˡ
ʵ̫ˣǸӶŵȻѾ쾳磬ǳʵ࣬ǳƷĶ֡
̶ֻ֮ھͷֳʤΪ̫ˣΪԼ֣Զ˳ƷƷɷɱ
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ʱ໥һ֮󣬼̾Ѿ˾ϳˡ
ʲôҲˣЦһֱһɱǣﻹͣ
ߣôʱڻߣ
Ʒʱɱ⳹ױͷǳʱ䣬ЩڣȻܷŹЩˡ
ЩӶŵĸֶǾḻʣµʮ˷ĳ˷Ӵܶȥ
ǲ֪ڴµĳƷ˵Ѿһû顣
ֱ׷ȥȻ˷ȥٶƷᲢۣƬ֮䣬ͱ׷ȥȻնɱ˸ɸɾһ
漴Ʒֱû˴֮Уķٸȥ
ڳƷ뿪֮ûжãܿ죬һ˸ϵʽ׷ųƷϵˡ
ǵٶҲǳ죬ƷֻǱһǾֱ׷
һȻ֮ǰЩڰѪصһˣ쾳ĸڳƷǰһҲһ
ȷ֮һɫޱص˵
ȷսˣôزģ
һ˿˵
ҸոյϢƷѧȿϣչֳ켶ս
˵ĻŶӶһ׷ɱһ֣׷ɱһ֣ȫӵ顣
ӦǲдˣǺڰѪأӶŶǶԳƷǳˣһ󱲶ҪȫƷֻѰ۷ĻãѾ㹻֮ˣ
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֮ǰеĹƶˣǵƶδ£죬սײеĻ֮ǰļƻҪıˣҲ˵һĶ֣
֧ܲԮһҪ˵֮ǰȽĶ
ܿ죬һ˾ѾжϣϾֳųƷµĽӡķ׷˹ȥ
м˸˹ҲóͬĽۣ֮ǰƷնɱЩڰѪصĸ֣Ʒչֳԭ鱨չֵľսҲЩ˽ʼԼĲԡ
ΪԤһǲǿĸǰ
ֹʮӣ֮Уһսֱӷ˹ܿ죬һȺֱӽ
һ۽Ȳ֮ס
ӶŵųӶŸҹ׷ɱƷȻĬĬ֮Ϊÿһ˶ܹܵѧıġ
ӶűҲǰһٵĴӶţж
Ȼǰһ٣ǶʮӶ˵Ѿǳǰˡ
ųҲǳ֣¡
ʱʬЩӶŵĸ֣ɫޱȵѿ
յϢʼٶȳˣפظһӵʱ䣬ô̵ʱ䣬Ϊᷢʲô⡣
ϾǸųʵ
Ȼ֮󣬿ȴصʬס
ЩӶŵľ͸֣æ
ȫһûл֮ųҲû̫˿ڣսӦǶʱڽģ
һжϳܹճһֵʱսȻȫѾ㹻жϳƷκɨˡ
ЩжϳƷȫռϷġ
ͬʱǵɫҲеѿϾԭΪƷֻһ֮ˣֻ֮űǹע
ųɳ壬мز۵Ǽ̫ˡ
ȻһƷֻѾǳé®֮ˣ쾳磬û˻ὫǵСԴˡ
׷һҪ׷ԭҲȵ˽ԴֻҪȡһöͨڵħ˼ͼҲˣڣһҪʬΣΰοֵ֮飡


610 ޳أɱķ
ƷڷĿ쭼Ŀ񳱲Ÿոտʼ
˻ںΧ׷½أͼǰ赲Ʒ
Ϊֵ̫ͻȻˣܶ˶û׼սһˡ
һ̫ͻȻˣϿ˵ս
ӸŵϢҴҸֹƷҲв١
һսĽҲܿ촫˳ȥȦӡ
Ȧ˶ųƷ⣬ǺȻ֮ǰڳƷʵжϣѾʧˡ
۵Ἰ¶ѣƷʵѾ˷츲صı仯
Ҫ쾳磬쾳ǿһϵǿߵ֮УԳƷĳȦӣĳΧ֮ڵĸ֡
ԭƺ۷ĸֶòֹͣԼļƻȻõħ˼ͼһöͨڵΨһͻƽ뵽쾳Ļᡣ
ΪôǶٻģڳƷ֮Ѿֵܹ˵ġ
óȻһθ֮棬ȡ֮
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˻⵹Ǳ˹ޣ׷ӶŵųǰѾʬϰٸֵսѪ͸ء
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ȷʵ⵽ķӦޣ
һۼרɫص˵
ͬʮ쾳ĸȫûҴֱֳǲһ˶һɲѰˡ
֪ѪѻӶŵģػ߱еˣмɵĶ֣ǿصĸ֣ҲѾ죬ţȫ
ҪСˣ
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Ȼȴ֪ڳƷıԼڵħ˼ͼѾǲˣﻹ˿ء
ʱ֮УһӰһɫһϴȥһɫһӰ֮ϣһΡ
ǸȴǱˣǳƷƷĲǱģޡ
ԭһֱڳƷɽͼ֮һö۷ڵ޾˰ʱ䣬ڽһöڵȫȫˡ
֮ǰƷкü֣ǿѾأĶ֣֮Ҳˡ
ǳƷˣõֻҲǶ֣ոճص޵ǰȴʲô
֮޵ʵһٴӺ쾳ͻƵ쾳磬һ·ͻͽȻһٳصΪ
صĵУҲǾԵǿˡ
Ǽ׷ɱƷ˵Ѿ˱ϵĲ࣬Ǹû뵽޵ĴڣڳƷ鱨֮УҲٱᵽᵽҲֻѰΪ춼㡣
ȻᱻǷǱͨľ磬ҲֻǱѣǸȼĴڡ
ǡǡѹûע޸һ
ΧƷʱϳƷǻС
ڣһСʱıϮǺڣڵ֮ųƷ;ϮʡСʱϵʱ䡣
ƷڵΧˣһƪ޴ޱȵɽֵشǲգһ޾ʱʱоƶʱľ޴һı
һľ
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õĺõĻʣͻ֮ǰŪЩ·һ벻Ч


611 ҪǸ
ƷվԭأͨնˣȻ˵ŸţȻ޵Ϊľǵ
һжѾ׼ˣֻˡ
Է֣ȻҲһʱѪ׼
˭ҶҪǺ
ƷЦ˵
ֵ֪˭ģеѧڰ˵ģҲûְܹסѧķˡ
ԷȻϣģɲһ׼ûоǰġ
Ϊˣģ
˶СʱеĵƣǶΪѾ˳Ʒ߱ʵ쾳ѾǳƷļˡ
Ȼлħ˼ͼһΪֲ֮ǰܹϵսŪѪӡ
ʵ;͵ȣѾǲͬնħ˼ͼȻܹӳá
ϻһöתϽ𵤣ԭǴҪͻʱ쵤ʹãһͻƵ쾳硣
ȻڿǵȲǸʱˣ
תϽ𵤺һתϽһܹʵڶʱڸ÷õʵ
ǳƷŵһƣŸ֪Է޵£ҹ
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ڣڸ·ϣ޾ȻҲѾȫһöڵһͻƵصʵ˵ڳƷ˵һĺϢֶһԶʤֵĵơ
Ȼһֲ۷ľȣ޵ʵϺԶֻڵܹľ磬Ѿ˵Ѫǿ
һ˵ѪԽ㣬ܹյҲԽ࣬ȻҲԽˡ
һ˵ĻղˣǿգֻԱһֿԡ
һŵƵóƷžԵţ
˭ҪԵĴۣ
ƷһȻ̤˴֮С
ȻʱĴ֮Ѿ޵ԶԶľʮ̨׷˹ЩǸߵʹ䣬󲿷ֶǵͼףа̨мס
ƷĮⲻνǴֱʣֻѰĵͼսҲһĺ۷ˣмԿ쾳ĸ֡
ʮ̨׽ƷΧס
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ڵõϢһ̣ĴԾͿʼٵתݳֿԣУҵȻġ
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û뵽㻹м۹⣬ϧˣǽҵжԿʼһоѾעˣʶʱΪܣʹһ㣡¶˼ֿ顣
֮ǰƷһƾͽɳȥѹһۣһڣȴҪԼԼҲûбѭӦˬˡ
һ뵽һ³ƷҪǰʹ飬оޱȿ֡
ȻϹĵĻ˵һһʱ䣡
ƷƳһ۽࣬ûнĻֻǿ˵ֵأˣǿԷ˰ɣ
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Ž໰䣬һӰӶһӰȴҲǱˣ֮ǰƷܹĹϡ
⼸õƣոջָʱٿƷȻǳ˼棬ۺ졣
Ʒ֮Уɱ⣬쾳֮ҲûгԹôĿˡ
ŵһӰȴǱˣǸߺ־ʱߺ־ѾŰĲΣȫ¼ûмദɼǡ


612 ޵
һѽߺ־ųƷ˹ƺҲںˣҲֻǽƷһѣֻҪƷˣôһҲ͹ˡ
ǵʱĳƷԼֻмݣǾǣ֮
һѾƿ֮У
Ʒߺ־סֻ΢ߺ־ͲסüһƺߣȻȫĹͷѵҲֹһŻ΢֮;ʹ
Ʒʲôû˵ֻὫߺ־ȻֱӴɽͼĿռ䣬Ʒ˸ָ˵ĵҩǲҪǮһߺ־ﵹ
ҲãǹҲãе㳹±ˣǿʲôһռͻȻˡ
ζʲôζſռ䷨
ϢһȥĻǿ߶Ҫжˣֵħ˼ͼһöͨڵ˵ֻ߲͡
ռ۵һֱڹ˵һ⣬ͨŴżھʵвٿռ豸ǳŴ֮жǿƵġ
ֵǿ˵ϾǷëǣ϶Լ壬ţյģܹյĲûУǻ϶ͨĶǿߡ
ΪЩ豸̫ˣ˸յǼ豸֮⣬󲿷ֶΪսװˣսʲôģǼȵķ㡣
κһռװĳ֣϶䶯гһգռ۵װܹγռ˴ڣпÿռװļ۸½
ƷȻӵпռװýǶû뵽
ĻǳƷϵĶֵԹˡ
ɱƷͲΪ˲󻼣һջ
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һԴȴһԼĪʮģˣӹ߿գһһ̤ն
߶εĸ֣
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Բ֮ǰκһ켶ĸ֣ǱȲԴҲ϶Զڽ֮ϡ
ܹһ̶Ͽܹĳ̶ֳնľ˾󣬾ķУҲֻа벽֮ң
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ּĸ֣ᵱУǷëǼĴڣ۷ѾǿˣܹΪϵĶֵĸʣҲǰһ
ȻԴѧĵλҲôߣУ쵼ƽƽ
ΪɱԼ˵Ѫ
ƷҲϳݣҽ飬ٿܹٿһǿߵܹģǺպǿߡ
ѧѧǣҲܣΪκʤ㣬ǽţܹ㲻ˡ
ռװɲܾǽҸˣʱԶһɫ۵ȶ֮ӹһ
ߵƾȻ˿ڽ飬Ҳٿ϶רĶ֣ȴǽҵĸˣڰ˴һƼҵĶ֡
ƶɣ
Ʒƽ΢΢ȻԶԶֻǽôƼҲһͬˡ
ݣν
ţƷԶ֪ʮӰΧסγ˰ΧȦΧֻǵվλôַͫ΢΢һ󷨡
Щ˵ϢЩΧųƷĽҵĸ֣һˣĹͬһϵġ
ӦǻƼҵĸ֣
ңϰٸ֣йϵĴڣܾͳ˶ʮˣټϻн飬ƶֲ˼Ĵ
Χκˣ˵ڽӣûܹһŰΧ֮ӳ
ô֣ҪȽСɱ˵ʱѳ˶֮ٷ֣鿪˵
ѾƷˣʲôʱѣûʲôֱ
ãƶҲ֪֮ɱƷȻƷһĴȴýһںĸо
ɳ̫Ҳ̫ˣܲﵱȻãһˣõİ취ǸϾɱ
ز۵̫ˣزˣҲֻѰ˰ˡ


613 ôż𣡣
ʱٿƷʱѾˣ֮гһɾ˵ɱ⡣
˽ƷϣԼΪʲôҪôһе֣ڽȻ˵ʵʲôŶûʲôġ
ΪҲǿһŶѻģһЭϳİ˴֮һȻ
ǽ֮еĽδɳΪ˽ҵļڽ˵Ҳֻ˵ǺҪ̸ϲɻȱ
ܹͻƼޣͻƵͨ磬ʲôŶν
ǵʵ˽˳Ʒ֮󣬶ڶ̶ʱھȻͻƵ켶սҲޱȵ𺳡
ʱҲǺųƾԵţҲߵزȻڵĳƷȣѷɫ˲ֹһ
˳ɳҲܶڽɻԵӰ죬ȻȴѾ㹻ýδܾ޴ʧܻ֮ܶξ޴ʧ
˱Ҫɱܷϼ峤Զ档
ڻƶҲ˵ҲͬˣǵĸһЩƷѾˣ֮ϲƲķϾͱҪǸˣԲܳԿ
ԭҲûƷϾȻ嶼òӵĲƸ
Ȼ֮䣬Ѿ鵱˶֣ȻɱƷѣҲֻʱģڸ֮УһǾ֡
˵ĵҩ֮󣬸ߺ־ںתҲǵסһɥ
ģģ۾Ϳ˳Ʒ
ôˡ㡭ġǸ壡
ߺ־϶˵
ҿҪǲͷͷˣƷһ۸ߺ־˵
ߺ־ٺһЦֻǣ˿۵죬ǰʼģֻü˵һ䣺ǣ
Ϊ˶ԸңǺôֱʣ
Ʒߺ־ƽɷ£Ȼˣ˵
ȷʵǺֱܴʣֳܹ֮£ҲӦҪˣ
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˵ʲôϻǽԲûǵһһĴĹͷĥٽƶ˵Ѿûжˡ
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һֱƿϣԽ٣ȵʱѾˣһֱӽˡ
ؽǿһ̨мһ֮󶤵˵ϡ

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ڣȻƷһȭˣܹӳƷһȭ֮УֲܵС
ǳƷ̺֮һͷֲޣڳһ

Ʒֻһȭĸоüˣһȭͽڼڵࡣ
ȻȽ鷴ӦȻŽķٶȺֱײ˹ȥ
ҲʲôļɣΪ֪㣬δ죬ѾأڸƵĽңҲĻ֮һ
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䣡
䣡
Ʒ֣ÿһȭһöڵȥһȭȭڡ
ȻĽڽڰˣ޵ķ˶ȥ
һߣû˽ǣƣƶһ޵ʱ˵ѹ˲˺ܶࡣ
ԭ˻ǿѹޣһˣ˲䷴޸ѹˡ
ԭĽھȻûܹƷԼƷһȭһȭĴˡ
ƷĴҲȷʵǴֱޱȣԼǸòһͽ漼ɣǿֲϻʼսľսһȭһȭĽĽڽڰˡ
һĻƶɼһðĸо


620 Ƿô
ԭƶɺͽ鶼Ǹ߸ϣΪȫվƣƷѵܷ첻ɣ
ڣƫƫȴƷˣ
תϽ𵤵ľҩƷȻܹѹŽ򣬶ʵҲǺͽࡣ
ƷĿǰսǻ֮ϣټһǣƵޣѾռʲôˣֻȫơ
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û˿֮ĳƷΪµģ
ʱֻú󱳶ڷΪ˿ƳƷΪزŽֻɽҰ֮УȻڿⷴȴԼˡ
ʱоԮҲѾˣ㵵ķ֣еϢΣ֮ǰҲ׼
ź֮󣬽ˣôһоѾǳˣͬ飬ģ˳Ʒ˭
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֮ǰҲ벻Щ˸ô˵ҲѹţΪˡ
ŷ֣Ⲣ󣬶һͷҪ
ƷҲǱӦ飬෴ģֿ֣ΧɱƷǷ˵ֺγǳƷ˻Ҫһء
ǴʱȴǷĲãΪǰһͷ̫ǿˣ֮ͬ£ѹƵĺܱ
Ĺ䲻һͷ޵ϣͻᱻϵķ޽սһԷͻֵһԶսԿ·У
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̶̵ʱ֮ڣȻƷһȭһȭصߡ
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飬ǲòƴȫˣھѾѲˣɳȥȻΪҵĸ󻼣ƶɴһ
һԵĽ鿴Ҳɵ¶˼ֿЦЦҲ뽭ƷնɱҪȥܹĳɵġ
ǰƷĻҪѲĶˣ
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ʹǰĲȣʱĻƶɺͽѾҲûһ˿һ֮ǰ緢ϣȻֻʱ䣬ȴƷ԰ܣǰԮ
ʵ̫ƫƧˣԭΪ˷ֹԴõϢǰԪȴҲԼþȵǵˡ
ҪȵԮƷЦһĴһӣ۳һֻ֣һѽսһ˵һѾؽץ˹ɲǼ䣬ͻһ䵽˳Ʒϡ
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ڣҲֻһĵҵţȽС֮һ㸶㹻Ĵ۵ġ
ҲȫûƷԽԼȥƶɡ
һƿڴһĶǵʱڳƷİ֮£˻ƶɵľǻһһĳŽԵȥĿЩýĻƼҸ֡


621 
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ʱһȡ
ƶɵķӦҲҪѣҲһƻ˽ĺ
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콣
أ
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622 նƶ
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ԳƷҲʲôɣһȫĴ򷨡
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ֻޱȵƣΪԭǴþԵľ͹ѹƷ
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ȴû뵽Ƭ֮ʱ䣬ƷȻػͽƶشˡ
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ǱܵģһǹųƷķȥҪӳƷǰĽŲ
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أʱ򣬰һҽ֮һ翪ʼһζȻһӱˡ


623 ħ˼ͼ֮ɱ
һģֻҪƵһ֣ôҲάֲסˣЩһɸͬĲɣֻƻеһ֣ҲӰС
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ΣҪֲĶˣýѹƳƷħ˼ͼȻȷľȴû˿顣
ΪѾʶڡ
ʱﻹһ˿һͣæתԶȥ
ڲҪӣδе̫˵ɣ
Ʒ˵žһֻȻץ˳ȥһѪɫϣһֻ޴ޱȵѪɫצȻһץ˳ȥϰףȻһӳŽץ˹ȥ
һ֧Ѫɫצץٶ̫ˣƬ֮׷˽顣
Ӧֻûһǹһֻ޴ޱȵѪɫצȥ

һ죬еһ˳ǹֱӱһɾе˳ȥȴѪɫצƤûжʱ˫ʵѾȫߵ˹ˡ
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ڰлߣǳƷôܸĻᣬɲǼ䣬һצץϡ
ͣ
צץ˽ؿ֮Уһ˲


624 𾪣ë
ǿ˽زħ˼ͼʱûκλ֮ħ˼ͼƣͬ綼ѹο绹Ҫ͵ĶĽˡ
ʱƼҲýļʮ֣׷׳˽翪ʼˡ
֮ǰۿ˳Ʒθɵ˽еĸ֣һǻƼҵĳϻƶҲһɵġ
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Ϊܶδػħ˼ͼһöͨڵȤһһռװȤġ
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ʱЩָǺһһ׷ЩƼҵĸ֡
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һʵ𵱳һʹõʱ򣬲֪Ҫǿ϶ˣҲһεʯ׼ķǳ֣ôʱҲһСֶѣûеҪȡĳ̶ȡ
ħ˼ͼȷʵˣѹҪˣǱ֣֮ջǱƷǿƽˡ
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ƷĿһУʬ壬һսһһʧϰپӢ֣ǽһƼҸƣҪʹˡ
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ڳƷԶս֮ûжõʱ䣬Ѿеһ˸ϵˣǿصʬ׵ʱ˶ˡ
Ƕ޷ס𾪵飬ȫϣȫȫĲ˼𾪡
û뵽֮󣬾Ȼῴӵĳ
ڵõϢ֮󣬼Ҵҵľ͸ˣ˵Ϊʲô±˽ȵˡ
Ȼ֮󣬳Ʒһ·ɱһжʵƲˣȻǻû뵽ῴ˾˵һĻ
ЩǽҺͻƼҵĸ֣
ܿ죬ǾȷˣΪкܶ඼µǽͻƶɣּĸֶڸĸ֮ϵġ
ָԼ֮е󱲣Щǲá
УͻƶȻΪһЩֻĩβһ˵ɱһֲĴڡ
ôƼҺͽҾȻַ˳Ʒ
˾
ӦûˣԭΪʲôƷ⼱ҴҵľͳѧǣǱҺͻƼҵʲôֶθ˹ˣֻǽҺͻƼҴҲû뵽ƷȻô°ɣ
ڳĺܶ˶սֳ֮Ҳܹݵİ˾Ųʮˡ
Ȼ˵ȫ׼ȷҲѾ㹻жϾʲôˡ
ŷӦѹֳƷżĸ·ԭǸͲǣǽңƼƷǲ·һϰѡ
뵽ֻúëƼңκһҶ֮һ޷ֶԸһʲôĹ⾰
ֲǣΧˣȻʧˣ


625 Ⱥ
һָӿֲǣ־Ȼʧˣ
ûˣʲôһ⾰ЩĶܹõɣֵֶ֮УȴԲƷ
ֳǿʲô
ңƼҵĸȫڵϣȫʬ塣
кܶǲǶʶмǶʶģͲЩͼף˵Щм׾ѾǿĸˣֱǿȰ˸֣ʮ۷ݣɱƷնɱˡ
Ǿͷ˽ͻƶɵʬףʬ׵ʱ˶ˣɵˡ
ˣֻܹǿжϳһЩʵܶ඼ǽҺͻƼҰصʵҲûа취г֣ǽͻƶͬǿĶ֡
ȻǽҺͻƼ֮Ϊǿĸ֣Ǻʶ˵ҲѾ㹻ǿˡ
ǽ黹ǻƶɣһˣЩ˵ʵ
ǵʵ˵׻ǷǳǿΪķǳǿҲʱ
ýͻƶһ˶ݺʵھΪֲġ
ֵ˭
Ѿӹˣ϶ǳƷ
ΪֵĵطԭǻԹԼΪʲôûܹϳƷȴһҵĸоûиϳƷĻֱ롣
ҺͻƼҳݣϰپ쳬ʮˣнͻƶ
Ƕ˳Ʒϣһ㻹֮ûУǵĻֱ롣
Ͼ˾
ƷѾܹԸ˵ģ
һһڿˮ˵
ȷʵˣǼȥĻֻ»᲻룡һ˿ʬףѾʧȥˡ
֮ǰ˸ǣǿܱŵƵǿ϶޻Ļսʲôսûо
ôܱƵ
ھһֺëĸоȻһӸֳˡ
ԭܼ򵥣ΪֳֺۼжϳͲһҵļսѹһͷβɱ
׷ٳƷҲǶ̶̵ʱѣǰʱĲ࣬ȻƷѾȫɱ¾
Ϊµģ
˵ɱ¾Чʣ
һ뿪֮󣬺ܿ죬һ˾Ѿϵˣͬսҭ֪˵ʲô˵Ʒĺŵˡ
Ʒߴɱ¾ϢҲʼˣǶЩͼ̽Ʒϵħ˼ͼһöͨڵˣʼ
ȻܺãҲÿԼûôõڣܹ
ҺͻƼҶˣ
˵֪Ϣ֮󣬵ɴ۾أһŵģȫȫš
СӲǰڣ
ɲǣӶţһӶţƷ˰ŵľ˵˻ˣ˵ѾϨȥҳƷ鷳˼
кڰѪأҲһ켶ǹƻҪɣܹǳ˿Ҫģ
ҪģƶʱҲҵɣ켶ѾǺڰѪ֮еľˣǸ֮⣬ѪūҲһսƷɱ¾ûпӣҵõϢǸǱɱ
ϢĳСȦ˿Ʒϱ˵ɲһϢ
Ȼڴ󲿷˵ʲôû֪
ƷҲһСʱ֮󣬸ϻѧǣ֮ǰЩҩǲҪǮһ˸ߺ־ϡ
Ըߺ־ƻѾȶټɽͼĿռ֮Ҳþ֮࣬ټִҽѧķǱסһ
Ǽˣߺ־ϵˣҲҪϢ²ܹԺִҽƿƼ˵ѾʵĴˡ
ҪǳƷļʱ㽭ǲ֣ߺ־ҲŲȥ
Ȼߺ־סǶڳƷ˵˾ӣҺͻƼҵ˱лҪ޳ܵĶ࣬ʲô鶼ĳ
ҪʵݺݴɱһҺͻƼҵ棬ҵ˵Բܾưոݡ
ڳƷոհٺ˸ߺ־ĵʦԴȴͻȻ
ߺ־Ĳ⣬ԴųƷҲû뵽ǾȻôɣüסңһеçײˣ
ǼȻҪɱң޵϶㵽еĵط
Ʒҡҡͷ˵ȷʵеçײұѡҵĺֵܣҲܿ
Դ̾һ˵ʱȷһߣ֮ǰ嵥ϵҩȫѼˣʲôʱԿʼ


626 һ
ԴųƷʱ֮У˵ǽ߾ܣԼżõһԴΪľѼƷ嵥ϵЩҩġ
ܹͻƵͨĵҩȻѰҩľܹƶɵġ
ҩҩЧҩĵ̶ȳȣҲ㲻ΪˣԶչһǸݲͬоͬĵһǲϸеĵ
ܵ˵Ҳ̫ܳüΪ۵ҩľ쵤ҩΪҲ﷢չĿ͹۹ɡ
ǳƷеڳɱ£ҩЧѾǼΪˡ
ǵʣϻߣ˼ʮܹ֮һ֣һɵɵҩЧѾǳˡ
֮ǰԴ˵ҵǿЦȷȷʵʵҵˣһܵѾ˴ĺӥսҲˡ
ȻۣЩ齪Դ۾գһ£ȻһģǾǧɢֻҪܹͻƵͨľ磬ôЩɢȥǮƱȻʮٱĻ
ͨǿߺ죬һ£۷塣
ͨվֻ϶ѡ
һжѾ׼͵ųƷͨԪͨԪİкܴİܹͻƵͨľ֮С
Ϊǿ֮һ
ȻһʧܵĻһУҪܹĲƸҪٵʱˡ
ԸһѣΪųƷҲ˲ҵһУͨ˵ܿ£Ƕεĸ˵ɽֻʱѡ
΢׼һ£Ϳʼ
Ʒ˵һεҲ˾ӣǾȷʵҪһɽˣɽһ˻УҺͻƼνǺǣھѾһ
ȥĻ룡
һνҺͻƼҵͼıϾʧˣԽҺͻƼҵƢԲʹưոݡ
ʱһٳֵĻܳһ۷ǳƷʵʱһըԵҪһǿĿɽ
ʱƷٶȸоʱĽԣȷʵҪʱ䣡
ã׼ˣҵĵǱߣʱһῪȫķͨǿҲúã
ԴĵԴĵط쾳翪ʼͿʼĵϳзܣַ豸½½ĹѾΪһصҪһ֧ȫװĴҪݣҲһʱܹ顣
ڴ󲿷ֵ˵ҲǷǳ飬ΪǱչأоҪһ԰ȫĵط
ȻڳƷ˵ûбɽͼӰȫĵطˣҪĵе鶼ɽͼ֮ɡ
ƷҪ׼飬Ǿ׼ͻ֮£ΪתϽ𵤵Ĵ߻Ѿһٿ˺۷壬תϽѾڵζͨ˲٣Ǿȫͨвٵľ룬ֻԼһһͨҲǲС
УҪѵʱ䣬ͻǳˡ
ƫƫȱľʱ䣡
뽭һ֮ԼѾƽڴ֮ǰʵʤ㶼ж١
Ҫżʤ㡣
ԭ⿿һö쵤Ҫ쾳磬ܵ˵ǱȽѵģתϽѾͨ˲ٵζֻҪٷһö쵤а˳ɵİܹͻƵ쾳硣
ôߵİѾȫһƴˣ
ڴ֮ǰҪȽ쵤ҩѼ룬Ƶ쵤һ쵤һҩЧҪǿϺüȻ۸ҲԶһ쵤ܹᲢ۵ġ
һ쵤۸ҲԪƷҪƵһö쵤ҩľҪԪʦֵļ۸
ƷʽԴȻȫҪɽӹ˾ˣڽ˽ҺͻƼҹв֮гұݻɽӹ˾ʱŷչٶȼ졣
Ϊ˾ܸ˵·ҲæĽŲմأ˳ƷҪ֮ȻΪѣǻ취дԪ
ɽӹ˾ķչͷ˵ҪڻǺܼ򵥵ģЩоɽӹ˾Ըɽӹ˾ǰ
һערĻɽӹ˾ծıϺ͵
һ֮󣬳Ʒ쵤ҪҩҲȫɣƷŸȥԴĵͽԴϡ


627 ʦҰ
ʱԴѾ׼˴ҩ֮Уе豸ҲΪȽģܶ඼û湫ģǽԴͨ˽˵ĹϵõģΪľĳɹʡ
һ𣬵ȴҪӮ
ҪãҾضãΪ㻤
Դ˵
ã
Ʒ˵
һεͨԪ˵ҪȻеʵļ䣬ǱϾǵʣǵȻǰٷְûκ⣬ּĵҩʧ֣Ͼǵʣеʵļ;ޣƷҲֻ߰˳ɵİա
ΪʲôĸҲȻĸ֣Ĺϸ΢ı仯ܵĿѧⲻȫҪʦȥ֪
ʦֻһ˵ĻȻûи֪ĵҲҪʦǳ׵Ķ֣˲ɡ
ڳƷ׼ʼʱ򣬽ԴȴһÿͼҴҵĸˡ
һԼĪʮģӣɫż𺣬˽Դֱ֮ӿ˵ԴǲǴܹͻƵͨĵҩ
ô֪Դʱӡ³ʦϢͨ
δκ飬һֱָܣβҲŹ˵һЩƷʱֻǸӾ
ڽԴ󣬳ƷҲϳ³ʦ˼ٿҲἰʦ׺ǸһЩĴʦ³
磬˸߸ϵĵ֮⣬±һЩʦЩĸڶӵмӰ˵Ǻ绽꣬ҲԲš
λҪԴ۷ĸ֡
ΪּĴʦҪȽԴֻҪüЩԵҩύǿߣ֪£û֪ǵ׻жٶǿߵ
ʦŻ᳣ְҵǰС
ԴҲ
³ֻһЦ˵ֻǱЩ飬ʱ͸ġ
ΪºôʱҪͻͨ絤ҩ飬ʹˣ³
ƷһʱĶˣͳЩҩˡ
ȻͨԪҩһöͨڵʣĸҩҩǼΪġ
ÿһҩ۸һЩѰҵЩҩĵȥȻǺܶ˵߶ڶŵ顣
ԴչҩĵٶȱȽϻΪĻôܻôעĿڶ̶ʱھͽҩչˣһһƴֵӣǲƴչ
ʱŻ֮ڵĻٻϵʽ
ʱǽԴǳƷȲôʱ䣬ǧɢֻҪͨ磬ôȻʮٱĻ
ĶҪ˵עĿҲܣһжϲʲôЩḻĴʦ˵Ȼ֪ԴʲôҩǶٻܹ²ĳһЩġ
ԽԴʱյʵ͵λܹ㼱ҴҵȥҩģҲۼ۸ټƲ⣬ܶҲͲѲ²ˡ
˽Դж϶ܶ˵ע⣬ǺܶעÿһͨǿߵĴϴơ
ֻ֮ԻûκεĶΪֵҩƳɹĸʺܵͣǵ֣ɹҲɣһܹͻͨĵҩӳҲɶѡ
ӣｪԴ˾ٳɹʲǺܸߣΪⲢǴ⣬ڹȥܶ꣬Ѿв۷ĸֳԹˣгɹߣʧˡ
Σ
Դ󲢲˵һ׼ĵ֮УͨĶǿ߽٣ĺͶԷһ
ҲˣҴֻ㣬ȻҩĶˣǵõһŹŵɣƵҩѡӦûûѡðɣȻˣëԼΣ³ڣ˵ĿģҪһöҩ
Ʒʱ³ĿˣõϢʹҴҸȻҪȡһƵҩĻᡣ
ΪڽԴ˵֮£Ȼ³Ĵʦ˵ҲǼΪѵõĻᡣ
ʦҪߣȻҪľ飬ֻѰᣬȻȱּĵҩǵܹͨĴʦ˵һҲΡ
ǳѷҪΪһ⼸Ǳؾ֮·Խ࣬ǾԽпͻƳΪһ


628 ڵ
Ͳò˵εΣˣκһдʦȣε֮·ҪӵļѵĶˡ
ΪҪԴͽǮģһ취ΪԼˮƽΪ
ʲôǸˣֻҪҵṩزģͿԳΪԷƵҩ
ڵʱʦϵϸҶǸֻԼ£εľٶȻ˵ע⡣
ǺܶûǮûƵߣһ֪£һ棬ˮƽҲǼ
մʦ֮ӱΪϵһ
ҲҪģʽһҲˣǶڴʦ˵ܹͻƵͨĵҩֻɲࡣ
ǻпܼһųŴĵḻԼļʶνһٶá
ҲһֻᣬǶʦЭᣬֻҪһЩͷ֣ͻǵע⡣
³˵ʱԴѾɹ˺ܶ˵ע⣬Ҳ֮һˡ
㣿ǺǣҿŲ㣡
ԴЦһ³˵
һĴʦҲԸ³ȴͬΪǿߵȦе㲻̫ãΪ̹ɵĵҩ顣
ǿеĴɣòҵѼҩģֺòײƳɹȴ˸ˡ
ʣǷȦڵļɻ䡣
³ʵҲвͦЭһ᳤ֻ½ԴֱӾɨˡ
³΢΢һȻ֪ԼЩ̫ãǸҵֱԲ˿ɲࡣ
ֻǽԴʵ̫ǿˣ۷Ķǿ֮УҲǺպĴڣ
ƽʱܵ裬ͷȥ취ڱԸԴ
ȴǿΪ˵ȷʵǳҪ
ּĵҩǡһöͨڵһ۷ҵҲûлȥƵģ˵ĻҲܺ
ҿ϶ֻҪɹˣͻƽ뵤ʤ㣬ʧҲܹһɵʤ㣬ҪǣʧˣǮҲǽԴҲ
ԴĴʦ֮УҵˮƽҲһģ˵ܹ뵽ĻҲûбҸӺʵѡˣ³ƶ˵ڻߣΪƶһ㡣
Ĵʦ֮УˮƽһģҲ˵˵ԼǵһΪеĴڣҲˮƽǰʦ
ˣƾ˶ӵǰƣǿߴǽ壬˺ˡ
֪һöҩڽԴҪֻһֵĳɹʣҲǺõġ
ǡǡš
֪ͳȥһо֮һĴʦҲһȥˣʣµĴʦУ֪һû룡³˵ʣµУﻹбҸӺʵģ
֪㲻̫ϲң˵˫Ӯģһþ飬õҩ³˵㵣ʲôֽţǴɲأϾĵУҪʲôĻѰ·
˵ز³ԽԽ㣬Ҫˣ˼õϢҲܺͻᡣ
˭ֻ֪˽Դ󼸺ǲ˼ľܾˡ
˼Ҿܾ
ʲôܾԴǷô¼бһҪʵˣ
³Ҫˣû뵽Լ˵ˣԴȻǾܾˣȫûнϡ
ѵ뵤һоӦʽ飬ôΪҪоϵıǿûлᣡ
³˰죬˵бҪӺʵˣǾȻֻд˵еĵˡ
ҲǵѾҵ˸ˣԴ˳Ʒ
³Ҳ˳ƷȫһڿЦ顣
ȻҲʶƷĺ󱲵Уͷ󣬵ҲֻһѣοƷһϣȻȷʵѧϵѧ
ǷôСȻϵѧϰʦǣôֵҩҿǷˣ³˵
û뵽ʵȻˡ
ǲǷˣֲܣԴ˵ˣ
ֱӾ³Դ̬ȼᶨ֪ǿЦģʱ˵ãããԴڵģ㣬гƷǲǣҼסˣ
˵꣬³ת뿪˽Դĵ


629 䶯
һﻹΪж˲ƷѾôˣ
Դм˵
ǱҪҲԸһʦÿһʦΪܲǱڵ֮࣬ϵ֮ǿ󣬼ҲԸȥǡ
ҲǲԸǰˣȻʵϣбҪĻҲôһʦ
ϣվҪʵ˵ģʦӰȻǿǱ㣬˲һеҪԸһʦĻҲûа취ģֻ̫ˣÿ˶ԸȥĶѡ
˵ҲȷʵǸ⣬Щʦÿһ򵥵ģǱ֮еκһõһĻᣬҲˣƫƫ㣬ֻϢһȥЩ˶һЩõ뷨Դ˵ҵνΣκβңҪùϵԸңҲ̫ܣǶĻǵĹ˼ɾûôˣ
޷ؼľҪͨԪƳֻҪͨԪƳˣҲ޻˵ҵʱʦҲооİտͨ磡Ʒǲҡҡͷ˵Ǹʱһͨĸվҵɽǻʲôµģ
ųƷӣԴЦˣ㵹ģ
˵ţԭжڳƷܹƳɹһöͨԪĵģҲʱ
ѾزôٵȻҲûʲôˡ

ƷҲԥԴܷ˳ͻƣϵһϵеļƻһеĸһöͨԪϡ
˽Դר׼õУƷ˸ֶѻɽҩġ
֮Ũҩĵζ
룬һŹͼ¯ƷʼߣѾӽ˷ҲǽԴܹŪ¯
һ¯ҲƳͨԪϻһ룬ͻֱӱˡ
ԽǸ߼ĵҩ¯ҪҲԽǸߡ
ʼˣʤĹؼ
ƷһȻ¯ĶǣʼһоѾϰһ׼ÿһӡ
Ȼ֮ǰûƹͨԪûŹǿں˵ʵļ֮󣬳Ʒ൱Ѿϰˣûʲôµġ
ͨԪһĲ裬ɵ
ڳƷƽģ˵ƷĿ񳱣Ǹոտʼˡ
֮ǰƷѧǣɱЩͼϵһöͨڵħ˼ͼȤˣͳͳնɱ
ֻҪˣֻҪ赲˳ƷǰһһһڶûУΪ𾪵ġ
ƷϵĶкֵܶ࣬ȴǺܶ࣬һʼǻ֣һоѾˣʵǴ˺ܶࡣ
֮󽭼ҺͻƼҵĸҲһҰһƷ¾ϢһʱȻ
˶û뵽ƷȻĸô˶ɱεǣȻˡ
ǻƶɣǽ飬еŵǿڣôƷɱˡ
ȻֳǿаҲ˲Ѳ²ħ˼ͼˣŽЩͳͳնɱ
ǲܳƷôģЩȴʵԸϣǲԸϣʱֳôһħ˼ͼĳƷѾΪһΪֵ
ǽҺͻƼȻŶо˼ȵ鷳
ҺͻƼ֮ŶڳƷȡǿӲж˲ͻƶɲеĴѡ
ԭǶΪʮþȵ飬ϾС˼ܹо޴ջ
ԻͷͻƶɱǸ˾޴Ĵ֮󣬲ȡᣬȻĴȴ
ҺͻƼҲ̽гһµóжϣ˳Ʒħ˼ͼ֮⣬ӦֳһڳŶԡ
Ͼֳħ˼ͼȻˣҲֻնɱ˽ͻƼҵĺֶܶѡ
ƶɺͽҵĴ󲿷ֵĸȴһֵУʵǳĿֲĻҲնɱƶɡ
ڳƷҲûǳƷʵ֪ܹ쾳ѾǳˣҪնɱƶɺͽǶħ˼ͼһʤ㡣
ʵҲȷʵ֤ˣħ˼ͼϣƶǱ˻
ԻƶصʵҪܹ򵥣ǽԴȷʵвڳ֤ݣһΪҺͻƼҪסĻǻɵĵһĿǽԴ
δֵ֪ĴڣҲýҺͻƼͶϳ֣ҲΪƷȡҪʱ䡣


630 ͨԪɣ
˼˶ѾʱϨȥҳƷ鷳˼ΪƷʵмֹŹ֣ҪǣƷɱ¾˽ҺͻƼҵĸ֡
ҺͻƼұȻưոݣʱѾֻϵľˣ漰ҵ
˵ѾԶãֵģҲǰĵĳ֡
Ϊû뵲ڽҺͻƼҵǰѾŭ˵ĽҺͻƼң˭Һھ۵
һܶҲˣڳƷ˵ȴδ˵ʲôϢҺͻƼұضưոݡ
ڳƷ˵Ҳһѵõʱ䡣
ʱҴңʱͬɳָ䣬Ȼš
һµʱ䣬˵ֵķзڳƷ˵ȴȫĵͶ֮С
ǳƷΪֹߵȼĵҩȻеʵļ䣬Ʒģһ֮ͬǰǹϵδ
ǰʱ򣬿׼üݲϣֻһΡ
⣬ԴڵϣȫɣϢһͻ˲һͷ͵Ұһ㱬
Ʒһµʱ䣬Ҳһµʱ䣬ɲˣضһֽɵģߵķʮġ
ֻҪ룬ɵصԴģΪͨԪ˵ʵ̫Ҫˡ
һ̲Ķһµʱ䣬һ˵ȻǸģͱˡ
ȴͬԶԶͨˣǽԴ۷ĸֻ֣벽ܹͨɾͲ˼ΰ
̷˱ٹȵ£һ²ԲȣɿԱּΪʢľ
ڣԶڴˣһȦĳƷ˳
Դæ˫Ķס˳Ʒ֮¶˹еĿ⡣
ڳˣ
Ʒ˵
һͣЪ־˵ҲһĿ飬ҲΪʲô֣Ȼֵԭûֳһȵʣֲ
һµʱ䣬˳ĽͨԪ˳֮һҩ㣬ȻǴٽ۷ͨĵҩǶڳƷ˵Ҳż洦
ֻǲڷ֮еҩ㣬ƷܹоԼһΪøӴ⡣
̫ˣ
ԽԴĳȣҲ̲סϲ⣬ȻųƷƭǱϾּĵҩҲֻɵİգһĴʦֻһɵİա
ּ֮£ܲܳɣϾǿˡ
󣬳Ʒڳɹˡ
Ʒһҩƿݸ˽ԴзŵͨԪ
ԴҩƿȻһöȻɫĵҩУһɾ˵ҩ˱Ƕֻһڣ͸оȫͨ泩
úϢȥչˣʱԴҲͳƷֱȥչˡ
ϵ̫ˣͨԪİæкܴİܹͨ磬վ۷塣
ƷҲûж˵ʲôΪҲҪץʱչˣһµʱ֮УɲֻͨԪΪԼһö쵤
ζѾͨ˴룬ڣˣҲͽǰһ죬һоȫͬˡ
ն㣡ƷǰЦ˵
ҺͻƼΪܹԶһδεĴ
Դչȥˣ֮ǰ˳ƷһȨޣһЩرܵĵطĵطƾƷû
ƷҲֻѡһʼ˱չء
Ȼһ²ԲȣǳٹȵȷʵףÿֻҪһöǳٹȵǵܹṩȫӪҳڷȫʶԺҺʽų˳ȥ
ǿ
ѹֹŴʿųƲͷ¶ԸеʳʵΪеʳǵ޷ṩӪΪһֶء
ڵĳƷȻһȦʵӵĴ⣬ԪҲ⣬ȡ
ƷʼתʼʱȫĹʼζ
˵һ۷ĸֵСϪһĻôƷֱǳӣѰ۷ҪϺü̶ȸǲ֪Ҫǿ϶١
ǼˣԳƷ̵ζҲ޲ߣһ˵ζֻ·ַӾͳ忪ˣΨжԼζûа취
ڳƷҲоڵЩ̷ʱ򣬳Ʒóһöƶɵ쵤̷ȥ
ʱ쵤һӴҩ̶ת˿ֲɢƷ֫ٺζǺˮҪٴһ㡣
һڴһ٣


631 
쵤ɵӴʼĳ˳ƷϵľҲóƷǻʼս壬һ˵ֲ֧סӿֲĳѣӴ˾ͳΪһˡ
ִҽѧ˵ȻǷǳֵƣǳ޸
һӴĳ֮£ԭ̵ζڿʼٶȳɶ
ζֱͨأ˵һסصϵ
ͬʱҲǱڴľ
ڣƷҪһżһżһĽڵϣ޷ѡ
һҪԨˣǳ׵ĵһ
һһĳѾѾ׼ǳƷֻޱȾҵʹȫ
ֻסΪ֪Ϊؼʱһˣô˵Ͱ׸ˡ
ԼܣҲֻס
һչأʮʱ䣬ʮʱ֮УƷԲȣֻǳٹȵάĸ
ϵĳ쵤ɵҩһһĿʼζ
ζҲһδεĳ֮Уϱͨ
䣡
ڣƷζεĳ֮ȫ˿ȫһɿֲͷ˳֮ʼ
ڱͨɵӰ죬ܹ֮ͨӰ壬ͬģҲܹӰ쵽ء
ǽ֮쾳ܣ
Ʒ۾ǰһĿ֮£Ѿײͬˡ
һֿɽɽˮˮĸо
ԭѾϰ˵磬˿ٿȴ˵Ĳͬ
֮ţڴ򿪣
ƷڳŴϵУ쾳̤žĿʼҲԭ֮¿屦رǿת֮
һ޴ķԾΪ֮޾ǿ󶼲֮Ტۡ
ޣеС
أڳƷǰ۳һֻԼĪŰҴС֣쾳ܡ
ǰƷȻҲƾ۶ģǳһҲʩչο岻̫Զ
ڲֻͬҪһ֮ʩչǺܹᲢ۵ġ
ʱ̵ĸֵܵǿͿ£ֻҪһܹ쾳Ҫľȫܹһ
ѾöĺΧɱܹΧɱĵˡ
˳ƷĹԺ¾죬һ˵κһ죬ܹʰʮ˸۷ĸ֡
ƷϵϢܹо˶һɱ䡣
Դӿ쾳֮ԴԴϵӿ֮УؼǾܹǱĬĸʱһãЧҲֳˡ
ûж̰壬ǳˣܹ谭Ľ֮Уʴãܹ١
㲻øֲҩȻȻĶܻܳͣеıڳѺεĽһֱ쾳磬Żֳ仰С
ƷһȭʱڵĿȻۿɼ̮֮ˣ·λΣȻٱƷһȭ
ҵʵһֻһصĸֶҵĶ֣
Ʒ
ڿ쾳磬սҲٶѰصĸֶĶ֡
һʱ䣬£µʱ䣡
쾳֮󣬳ƷһҪģǼʼս壬Ʒ˻ʼսƤ֮еƤѡ
쾳磬ǿԳԽĽ׶ˣҪǣǵҪȵͨˡ
Ǹʱ򣬻ʼս壬Ĵɣ
Ҫ뽫ĵزʵǷǳѵģԽǿսҪһѡ
ʼսѾǳǿˣҪһѶȸ󣬹Ȼʱڲͻͽսȴͬ
ƷԹһ£ڵĹ˵ѹͬǰΪ߲ʵĶƣ÷ƵˣڶĶ֡
ѧһ֮˫ĲûбСƷһ
ѧУЩĵѧƷѾη壬һ쵼ʦĶ֡
ǽԴ첻۷ĵʦѧǷëǡ
ӵѧУײ㣬һԾϣΪָ֡
ǲ֪ȫУһˣжʵˣ


632 ʦֽ̼
ڳƿ쾳֮󣬳Ʒͳ
ʱڻһЩ쵤ҩδȫѾްˣֻҪٻһЩʱܹȫˣǸʱ򣬳ƷӦԿһ۷塣
ıһι̫ˣͻƵʱѰҪѵĶ࣬ͬģһͻƳɹҲѰҪߵĶˡ
˶ԿıǮʱѾЩˣΪʲô˲мһˡ
ڵʵ㣬һǰʱ򣬽ȷʵɶмһˡ
֮飬Ӧ飬ֻҲ󲻵һʱ䣬Լܹɳزɡ
Ʒȴ֣ʱڽԴصΧȻ涺
Ϊ׵һˣȴǱˣɳ
ɳǸԼĪˣŮеϣͺɳ࣬һ۾Ϳóˡ
һʱȥˣɳ͵Ѿȥ˵һɬʵʶȫλ
ѧһ˵Ծţ֮󲢷Ǽ˵˵ѡ
ƷʱɳָǼ
ӳ
˳Ʒʱɳʶľͱֱӣǰ˵
⼸ǣƷеֵʵ
ǵʦյĵӣǵʦܣʦڱչأûչܣȴǼʶʶɳЦЦ˵
ƷŻȻԭֹһ꣬ҲԭѧУ۵Ǹɴѧˡ
ѧҲֽһµĲһȥѧʱһ
ѹн뽪ԴصȨˣȻֻΧҲѾǷǳѵˡ
һЩӣ
Ʒ˵ͷ⼸˸϶ű뺷ϢεҲ۷壬ǸΪ׵ʮ˾ģ꾹ȻǺ쾳ߡ
Ҫ֪ѧıҵҪҲǺ쾳ѣУϾ꼶ϯߡ
ˣпܿ߶Σ۷塣
˻ûѧأƾѾкܶ˫۾ˣû뵽ȻܱԴˣȻȥ겻ͬˡ
֪ǣµǺҲйϵΪȥ꽪Դ˳Ʒôһʱѧǡ
ʦ֮ıƴʵֻһ棬ձƴĻǽ˵ⴵûãȥʵʵĳƷսףԴȻȨ
Բܴർʦôһ״ӡ
Ȼֻһ꣬ǳƷȴһֿ󱲵ĸо
ɳҲǵ˵ͷ⼸ѧȥһѷɫֻ¸ǿȻҪ޳ӳƷô
Ʒ̫ǿˣ޷һˡ
ȥһȻƷǶӳʵǲûкٴΣΪӳɳʵϵĶӳ
ɳȴûб뷨ΪҲ֪ǺͳƷĲ౻̫ˣǿиźǱɳƷǵıķģʽǲƷΣ֮С
˫Ǻ£
˵ʱǼˣҲЩĿųƷ֪⾿Ǻηʥ
⼸ǸɳУʱ򲢲ΪǶԸУ֮ͬеٮٮߡ
ͲʲôǻܵĴˣѧҲǱȱȽǡ
ǺͱɳݺݽˣȻ츳ǿδǰ;ҲǺʹѧǲԶˡ
һĲûǼнβˣÿ˶ͬƷһ졣
ҲɳǺܽһˣǶڳƷôǲ꣬ȴȫһóӡ
˭
ʲôͷ
Ȼû˵໥֮˼˴˻׵ģޱȵľ
Ҳʱ浼ʦǶѣһЩѧУĲ񣬲ɱɱǻΪϴ϶ˣɳȫһ˵ģȥҲˣӦи꼶ѧ˭ǽԴϵһѧأǳƷеĹ
˵аǣȴаǺ£Ʒ˵ͷ˵

ɳͷʮͬ
ӳպпոɴһָһǵаɣɳ˵
ƷɨһۣȻ˵˰ɣЩǺӣڸԵѧУĺοֻҪŬޣΪȻ˳ˮһ
أʱǼ֮УΪ׵Ǹ쾳ѧȴͻȻ˵Ǵ˵еǸƷʦְɣ¶ʦֽ̼У


633 һжס
Ļʱ˵Ŀⶼ˹ȥҲ֪ǰ˾ʲôˡ
ѧͲ֣Ƕʱ䣬Ѿ׹֡
ȥһ꼶ϯƷ
˵ȥʱ򣬾Ѿܹ֣ʵɲ⣬ƾȥչֳʵѾλȫУѧ֮еٮٮߣܹ֮ȼģëǡ
ʦսͻ𣬽ָѧУһ˽۵Ĺھ꼶ϯ
һ׮׮һǵǾѾǴˣֱ񻰣û񻰡
ԭǳʦ֣
ҵ죬ҾȻˣǲ֪Щ˵мģǼٵģ
ɳʦֶһóģֻ´żп֮ҲĶȥ
Ǽ۷׷ףȻѧǧſѧȻ㲻ѧ֮ǿߡ
Ķ٣Ψ꼶ϯ˼٣ض꼶֮еǿߣ˭ôԼţǲô
ȻΪ꼶ϯĳƷȻǸ߿״ԪЩ֣廹ǿȷϵġ
ɳһԿŶҲûֹɵ˵ԼˣҲ㣬Ϸ䣬˱Ʒˣʶʲô죬ˡ
ЩνĹصģ
ЦЦһʦʦ츳õģһ죬ɲǾһô򵥣˴˵ĲֻԽԽǳƷֺ׷ϵˣҲǴ˵ܵӡ
ԼҲ䣬ҪսƷ˼̫ˡ
棡
ƷŶֻ΢΢һЦ˵ֽ̣
ɣܹҵһжܣҾָ㼸УƷһЦ˵
ǵûиˣŭΪνǰԾڵĻУ˵ͬΣǱһѧĹǺ
ν콾Ȼѧ֮󣬼ʶɳʵ֮Ѿ˺ܶ࣬ǳƷ̬Ȼˬ
һУ
ѵƷһжô
ʦָ̣
֣Ӳ˵
ƷҲ˶ûзϣֻǿ˵ǾͿˣ
˵ţҲʽֻǼ򵥵һָɲǼ䣬췭ظۿɼ֮ƳųƷָжȥһָٶȲ죬ÿǰһ֣һֲֿƾһ֡
Ƭ֮䣬γǧ֮ƣ
һɿֱֲӾѹ˶ϡ
ʱ͸ܵһƣ˵ֵֻǶǣǽĻôͬǵһ
ƾƾܹ֮µĵˡ
оضųһɿµѹ˷ҪѹһĿֲѹ
þʼ΢΢ΣĦ
䣡
Ʒֻ΢ӿٶȣѹյһһ޷ȥ˲˫Ƴס˵棬ڴڵĴѴѵ亹䵽˵ϡ
ʱ˲ŷ֣ȫѾ亹ʪˡ
ЩǿĪƷһָûе㵽ϣ̸ж죬ݣء
Ȼȴһشһֻһѣ
Ҳó٣⼸ദҲԲԶĽϳƷȥݳһϷ
ƣƣ
ǻǷӳ˹Ͼѧ֮еٮٮߣҲѾ۷壬Ȼ֮ǰûֳ֣ȴжϳ
ԶʵֶĶ֣û뵽ڳʦֵ£򵥵ƶ赲ס
ǶĿɿڴš
ϾƷҲֻǴһѣǿȻģҪ֣ƾƾͻܶǾѾǵ֪Χˡ
ԭΪǿɳƺͳƷҲǲֵһᡣ
ֻǲһѣôô
ѵЩ˵ȫĲɣ
ǸĻ˷ܣһ겻֮࣬ôΨһĿܾΪƷѧһ֮ʵͻͽˡ
ǲ˵Ҳпһʱ֮ͻͽ
ѧȻͬ졣
ЩͬѾɳȷʵܵ˳Ʒһָ̺ƣƽƽ棬ȴ޷赲
ǺˮһУʲôУκθҵǰģͳͳ壬ΪС
ҿӳǣԽԽ̬ˣ
ҲЩǵ뷨ԴҲֻǿЦЦ˶ѧһܱô̬һͳؽˡ
Ʒ֮ôǿֻΪǳƷѣ


634 ֮
ɳһǰȣѾ̥ǣ˳˺أٶѾһٶȣδпܿ쾳硣
ɳڵļ˵һֵĵ壡
ǺͳƷĽٶȱֱСˣԼƣֻ´ʱǰǰĳƷĶء
ѾжϲƷʵˣֻ֪ս϶֮ϣϾƷѧḱ᳤Ѿ˾֪ˡ
ڳƷ˵ⲻѰǳ죬ǿ쾳磬սԶڴˣܶ˳µѡ
һ˼飬Ȼ׼ƷǿҲûƷǿô࣬ǸղŽֵһ¶ѣоɽ纣һĲ࣬ǸͲŬֲġ
ȻɳĶ֣ȴţᳬɳĲʱѣȻƷĸоȴȫܻܡ
ôܻһϵĴڣ
лʦָ̣̫ˣЦ˵
Ҳ̫ʧȻֻһ꣬ҵľܹģв౾Ȼ飬ʼϵʦָպǰ;ضƷȻ˵
ĻУ֪ڽ̵һһڳȴûһ⣬ú
ȻǳƷֳѹԵʵҲˡ
Ŷˣӳһ˵ţɳǰһݸ˳ƷֻǶӳڱչأԾҴˣ
Ʒӹֻһ̽ɫϻһĲ
ʲ
ԴӳƷͷÿյóضݲΪ϶ǵӵġ
Ѿʵˣ鷳ֲ
һȻͬƷֻǴԵĿһֻۣһļֵֻ¶Ҫʮ
˭ôֱʣ
ƷȽȻŵͷ뿪
ųƷ뿪ıӰһղųƷǴѹʵ̫ˡ
ǿǶ꼶ϯһŮŸʵز˵
˵ʦڵжǿôѧʵ
޴
ӵ˵ֻǺصȻҲǶ֣ҲԲܽƾƾͽѹܣѾ쾳пܡ
Ҳûˣֱѵң˵̼ʵ̫ˣΪǵĽƷѹһ㶼ʣ¡
ԭǳưһеĵһƵѧ֮УȻʲô
Ʒ߳˻أѾѧбȽƫƧĵطˣԴĻҲѧ֮Уֱܵѧǵıӣǰȫˡ
˻أƷڷ
ͳʳƷ̨ȶʮһʮգɽׯΪ˾ٰһٰʮٵʱ١
ɽׯˣ
ƷʱӦ˹˾˭ˣ
ѧٿᵽɽׯˣеĿͨĸǴǿߣϰǰԴӿ֮ͨ󣬱׹ɽׯĻҵʵ۵̣ڳңʼңĶ塣
ΪΪ֮һ
˵Ӱͳò֣ضԴ
ɽׯҲûʲôΪʲô˵һٰʮٵ
ǳƷȫ벻׵һ㡣
ʱһһֱڱչصУƺܶѾѽˣ΢һ£ʱŷ֣һССѾ˾޴Ŀ񳱡
һУˣ
Ʒһ£ʱҲ֪Ϊʲôһôķ籩ˡ
ǵǿ֮һͷͷǳˣۣ˵ٵÿʮŻٴһΣÿһΣҲΪһʢ䡣
ܹˣһһͷһζͳԸϵΪ
˵֪ͨǿȣϲε㲦Щι඼Ѿλ
ÿһ˵䣬Ҳ꣬ӢŷǰеٮٮԻ˵ָ㣬Ϊͻͽڻ¡
ԺܶһǶһͷص̨һѵõĻԵ
ÿһļ۸ܹۣ
ǵģһǿģΪɽׯֻˣֻҪֳ볡


635 콾Ҫʧˣ
ЩУԳƷյ̽Ϊر𣬲ÿһǰȥٵϵ˶ܹõ˵ĵ㲦ġ
ֳֻ̽˲лõ˵ĵ㲦ġ
ڵǰȥٵϵĸǧˣȻֻʮ֪̽жôѵá
һҲ콾뿨ܲյôһ콾뿨Ϊһֱ־
صĻԵǴһ
Ƕ콾ܵõ
ƫƫҪ˺ܶ࣬һȴֻʮţÿһ콾뿨һ񳱡
ɽׯֻ˵ģҲҪ˼вԭյ˱˶ߵ
ȻɽׯƺǲŲʣйζҲúܶ˰˼⡣
Ҳ˲²⣬ɽׯΪĺĲԣӵ˭ܹˣʣʤߡ
ƾʵƾű壬ŵ˼©ǶҪΪеУǸʵǱ۵Ҫء
ֻһѡʮ֮ǧַȷʵ˿̾ΪֹҲΨ˶κܻܳһ˸
ѧ̳ϣ콾뿨飬ҲֵķзΪɽׯʮʮŵ콾뿨Ȼ䵽ѧ
Ϣһһ޴Ĳ
ΪǺųŲ繷ߵѧ֮Ҳܹյ콾뿨ʱһŶղ
ΪѧѧͶ̫СˣʳڣϵǺֲģûгɳ
콾뿨Ƕʮ꣬ͻ϶ѾǴѧҵһʱˣǴϺüꡣ
ϵƳΪֲ֮ĺ蹵
ѧˣѧǾ͸˵ˣֵǵʱ
ڽ꣬һ콾뿨仧ѧ֮У֪ĺ䶯
һźʸڴĵѧһˣ
ΪѧƵĶǿߣǸոѧҲţǺѹͷϵһɽɳԽ
Ҳ֣Ͼһ뿨ĻôҲֻǽ
˶û뵽ǵڶ뿨ˣ겻ǸոսĳƷ
ҲΪֹյ뿨УСһ˵ٵٰ˳ʮΣϰٸ뿨ˣЩ֮У겻ʮĽѾСһˣȻνǿиǿ֣ƷȻԻδʮͱֳһ뿨ֱ콾뿨м¼
뿨ѧ˵ǼǶѧУѧⱾҲǶѧѧɹĿ϶
˴ʱ˼챻˵ĳƷͽһ֮Լ
ͳƷɲֻǾô򵥣Уòʽ
һʱ䣬ѧѧʼϽǵĻ᳤õ뿨ӦģǳƷεºܣƾʲôܹõôһ뿨
ҪȰƷһ뿨˵ÿһ뿨ˣҪ˵սȴеҲ
Ȼѧƴ󣬵ǿǲ˳۵ҲȻδֳ֧Ʒʱ򣬶׷ͦ˳Ʒ
ϾȻǿߣʵӹɣǳƷսҲͬϹһƱ˵۾ʦսھ۵ھЩܵУҲ켶ĸ֡
֤ƷʮѾ켶ս۷ﶼǾž̸֮޵ܣ
һʱ䣬ѧ̳ϣ˫ɱһţ
ĵĽͳƷһԲȻ֪ǺοǶڳƷ˵ҲûȤ˺ơ
ϵһ̽Ʒ΢΢һЦ˵⻹˸ֵıˣҾϲֵı
νѹмһˣ˵ʭӶ˲ħ˼ͼͨڵ֪죬ڶôһʲô
ãҸոճأʵҲ뿴ν콾жƷЦһǧҪʧˣ


636 Ҳ֪
һںܶ˿ϵҫͬʱҲһ޴鷳õ֮ʧȥҲ
Ͼɽׯ淢ģǿиǿ֣һж˵
ѧڣвľߡ
Ʒѧڣһ˲ҽңѧĻһߣ𣬵ͬѧڵ˾Ͳһˡ
˶ڵȳƷķӦʱһ뺯ֱӾ͵ݵ˳Ʒǰ
ѧѺû＾̸ᣡ
ôһ̸ͨᣬˣ϶һͷˮǶѧѧ˵ȴ׹
ѧѧľӢѧϿ˵ûһ˽ܣЩҲע⹹ָСС֯ѧ֮в
Ʒ齨ĻʼųƷˣҲˮǴߣҲв٣ƽȷչ
ѧѺûЩֲ֯֯ΪĻԱѧڸ꼶ѧջԱҪ󿴳ɿ̡
ڽʱưѧֻ쾳ϵѧУѧܹʸеĶûж٣Ǿô˹ϵȴ鲼ѧ
ͷҵȥԱѧѾλλ
Ҫ֪ѧȥѧ붼вϵܹѧڼͿ쾳ϵѧǰٷְܹΪϲһͳѧѺûĻԱ
Բ֪ҲͰˣ֪˶ֱ֪ҪţˣһûʸܵģȻеƣưѧҲֻϵľ磬ȻҪ۷ѧʸϯֻʱԱ㲻ʽԱ
ԳƷʵһ֮еľޱ֣յѧ뺯ҲеʱеѰζˡ
е˼ʲôֶΣܷɣ
Ʒʼڸնϲѯ˹＾̸һЩϣ＾̸Ϸǳ࣬ٽٿ֮еϣƷѾȻˡ
̸ᣬһֳɴ＾Σÿһ켶ѧǰϾЩѧÿһæÿһζμӣǼ㲻μӣҲǲΪ׷߲μӡ
ԭʼʱֻѧ֮ΪǼѧľۻᣬѾչһܵ൱Ŀһʢˡ
ԶԶֻѧ֮Щ۷壬ѧʮУľѧ룬֮йʸѧ϶û취ѧѧȣǼҲΪӴģټϺţҵš
̸ᣬһ˵һʢᣬ໥д裬ͨ޲ֻǻѡ
кܶҲûУһЩŹ˾쵼ĳҲϯѰ˲Լ֮֯С
켶ѧҲᾭ֣Լ֮֯еĶָᣬٲȻһСʢᡣ
ҲѧУӢֵĺûᣬѧѧᣬǵΪӴѧУзֲǿ֮
Ȼ̹ΪȻ⵽ķˣԳǹһʮѧУġ
Ȼյ룬ôƷҲ޾ڴˣһΣҪһˣԼĻʼȻСΪСŸҪȥɸ˲š
ҲһǳõĺʱЩƵǿѧҲˣĺ֮˵һõĻᡣ
ƷֱӴ绰˸ߺ־ʱߺ־ոճԺ֮ǰȣߺ־ҪȵĶˣ֮ŵһ֪Ʒԭһֱž޴Σա
ԭһֱڳƷʵɿĽڲףƷģһܹĵġ
ĲǱɽһǰˡ
ȻǱƷˣҲһûпԹǲԸ
Ҳ˵ҪҴȥ̸ᣡߺ־˵˳ƷĻ֮˵ûʸȥɣ
뺯Ǳҵ־Ϳˣ̸ֻǶ̨ʸҪ󣬶˵Ҫ󲢲࣡Ʒ˵һʼĺûᣬҲʱ֪һ֯ˣ
Уû⣬һУĸǻʼһ˺ʮҲ˺صĴѧҾʹȥˣ
ߺ־˵
ţƷ˵ͷⷽڸߺ־Ǻܷĵġ


637 ̸ͬѧ
ⷽϣϲô֣һԼܿգȴģһǻڶڸߺ־Ρ
һǻڶʵ֪ʼ֯뿪ʲôǣַӿٽһģġ
ǺģҲ᲻ߣ
Ҳһóɴ߲СڣⲢ־裬۸ֵֻͣ˵ʱ޶ȵģȻҪҪ飬жʱ˷Щϡ
ֻҪ֤ΪǶԻʼĹס
ߺ־ͬгƷϰģҲ۷Ϊûп죬ϵĳɾͲܺͳƷᲢۣȻԷæʼ顣
ʼһֽɣδҵ˵ǴԹĵز
ߺ־ԼҲȻÿ֣Ҳʵ
ͩɽУΪͩɽɽǽ½ĳ֮һȣ˿ҲǺܶ࣬Ҳٶˡ
⼸죬ͩɽенͻȻˣЩ˸һ֣ľҲһʲ֪ԭһʲôѧ＾̸Ὣٰ졣
ǲ֪һᵽѧľһȻ𾴵ĸоôѧѾ뵽ÿһ˵Уܹѧģÿһ֮ӡ
һ죬ٰ＾̸Ļ᳡ڵСһʮ˾꣬޳㣬Ȼһϵζ
еĻ᳡Եе롣
̸ٰˣҲǸ˲ţ
Ʒǰɽ˺һĻ֮࣬һμ̸ѧ֮⣬кܶиֵľ
һʼֻǼ˾һ죬дд̸ᣬٲȻѾΪһʢȻģ̸ر󣬵Ѿ߱൱Ӱˡ
֪ÿ̸ᣬкܶе쵼ǰȡ仧Ϊ˲ϧŻôȻҲ󣬾ǹʱٰ˻͸£̳һ̸ֻļûô߰ˡ
ɴ˴Ӱ죬Ҳ㹻Щеĵط쵼ˡ
Ʒ漴ҲݸһЦѧѧһǾӢ̸ٰܹˣҲǼ켶ġС֮һּ飬Сһ׮ѡ
̸Ѿٰ˼ˣĴлûг죬ǸѧУţң켶ֳֵʱ
Ҳ̸ĸ߳ƷҲʱŲŲæĸ
Ҫȥĸߺ־ͣأֻһ
Ʒ
תͷһȴȴһԼĪʮ˾ģŮ˹
ŮģΪҲһҲΪΧ˵Ŀ⡣
Ʒ֮¶˼ɻ飬˵ǣ
ƷżأͰһɶˣ
Ůժīϲ˵
㰡ҸղԶԶţΪԼأɱǰݶˣ
ƷŻȻŮʱͬѧʱǰ༶İ໨ţ׷߲٣Ȼû취˼꣬ȣҲСŮˡ
бҵҲˣҲ˲٣ƷȻһʱûϳ
ƷҲ˺ܶ࣬ǰĿ۽һЩ˻ʼս֮󣬷ʼӽһЩ
Ʒ൱ľϲڳеʱǹϵҲһ㣬ʱѾǰ໨Ʒʱ̫ƽӹˣȻʲô
ͬѧ棬ȻǷһЩ
ǰû뵽￴㣡
ƷЦ˵
Ҳ＾̸ô˵
ţǰɣ
Ʒ˵ͷ˵ôҲ̸᣿
Ҵѧǿͩɽѧպþ︽ͺͬѧһˣ˵һģ
ţ
Ʒ˵ͷ˵
ãһɣͬѧѵü棬ǰ䣡˵˵ųƷ˻᳡ġ
ƷɵÿЦһǰԸ񣬵Ҳûʲô仯˵Ǻܺãǰʼûʲô໨ļӣڰ༶ＫĻӭһŮ
Ҹ˵ˣ⼸ѧ＾̸ᵽ߳˵ʱ켶ѧֳ֣ҵ죬֣ǵгδôɣ


638 Ʒе죡
˵ţ¶˼飬켶ĸ֣ͨ˵ߵĴ
ȻųȫĴʱһ˳ҲܹˣֻϵĲ࣬Դϵľ޴࣬˴󲿷˶ûа취һ
ԴҲûа취ǰȣľѾʮֲˣҪ֪ǰܹĶһ
ͨĴ񻰣ƽʱܹģžͳˣҲڵУֻż˵һЩŶѡ
ֶ˵ѾǸ߸ϿɼĴˣںųƽȵڣȼͬδʧ
ܴδԼһ֣ڳƷӡͣڳʱڣǸʱĳƷʵ̫ƽˣ涼ͨ
ҪǺþòֿ˵ʾҲֵô顣
ͬʱ᳡ڵһ֮ڣԼĪŶʮģԶһһͷ̷һͦ˵ơ
һһĶŵģϴһĳۣȲ
ȷôʱǸͦε꿪˵
ȻǽһʲôʼôѾյ鱨ǸʼѾмˣʹԼһϯǸĶŵֻ˹˵ǸʼŽһ꣬õóֵĺһûУԼ˲ĻЩʲôȡô
ѵỳʲôôǸ̷ּ˵
ʲôҪҪǣѾˣǸĶŵ꿪˵бʸҲϻ֯򣬳֮⣬㻹бİ취ôԼڱֱӱչصٵа취
⵹ǣҪǶڱͷڹ꣬ǻûʲô취ֱѧУﶯ֣ӰҲãǸʦԴɲʲôʡ͵ĵƣëҲ鷳ڼȻڹˣǾûʲôɵĵˣǸ̷΢΢һЦ˵
֮䲢δƷϣǽԴǿһЩƷȻܹ쾳棬ȻǰʲôһȦ˰ˡ
Ʒ治ܹЩƽƽ
㵹ǲµС˽ʵǿ츳Ҳδǰ;ųôһȻɲǣǶ̷˵
Ķŵʱһ֮ǰºͣʼɷ£ηηһ־ڱصãҵõϢƺոյõһŴɵĴУʱʵڻ£Һô꣬ѵҪʰ·ô
ҵ˾͵ˣΣĶŵֱվͽһ֮ԼҶԽ˽⣬Ʒܻװӣ֣ǼȻǾѰ·ˣؿûô㣬Ʒηڣ
οٻҲǱŻģĶŵ꿪˵˾͵ˣΣ·ϣͲںƽһ㣬Ҿһ㣬Եޣò
ھ͵˵ˣ嫺ͨҴӦĶ䣡
Ǹ̷嫺ɵϲЦտ˵ȻȻǷѧǾӦĸѧ֣Ҳõ˲У
Ȼ嫺ٻ˵Ķʮ⣬ԸϸԸٻ֣֮Ҳµжѵ飬ѾڿǶȡ֮ƺˡ
ʱƷͬѧѾѧģǰ
Ϊ׵һ꿴ԼĪŶʮӣ漸ưǸһһŮˣ˿̬ܣȻӦ˹ϵ
һ˹Ǹδյʱֲ֮ãȴǲɫһȻóƷ۵ס
֮еŮӣ̿˵˭
˵ţǸŮӻһǸΪ׵꣬ƺһ
ƺûע⵽һ˵Ҹǽһ£ҳʱͬѧгƷû뵽ܹǺö겻ˣΪһˣҸպҲи
ʱһѧæһΪ׵꣬ȴǸֻüͷһء
Ʒе죡


639 ȻҲ̨ԣ
ǸΪ׵ֻüͷ΢ôŶе죬漴ȻˣҲûзϡ
עŵϣԭЩãͳƷӣûйܣʱ΢΢һ
ҲֻһͨͬѧѣϾü겻ˣ֮飬뵽ɵÿƷҲöˣûôĵˡ
ԭͬѧһһᣬҽж¶ǸŮӵҲˬ죬˵
ƷҸһ£Һùۣ¶Ʊ䣡ʦֿˣ廪ѧĸ߲̫ʦ֣
Ǻã
Ʒ΢΢ףѹưˣԭУӵܡ
ʮУɲֻѧһȻѧҪһЩҲУˣгĽܳӱ鲼
ȻͬѧǾһɣʱǸΪ׵̫꣬˵
¶΢΢һ
ȻҪ̫ɫµģ廪ѧҵѧ˵Ǹ߸ϵģǲġ
ڼ̫ƺû˼һ̫˼ôܿҲںϵԭ
ҲóƷƺûʲô̫ܵĹϵҲһͬѧ
̫һʱ벻ΪʲôƷе죬ɴҲͲˣҲһͨͬѧѡ
ƷҲֻǲÿɷӣҪǸͬѧӣƷҲô
ܿ죬˾ͳŻ᳡ĵشȥ
˵ЦģǳƷںе㱻˼ֻʱĻͷͳƷ˵˵ƷҲһûһӦţν
Ĵ۲˻᳡ģ᳡ҪһЩ̨ɵģĵطһԲԼƽҵ̨滹һһѵΣȻһ̸ĺģҲǵʱλ켶ӵλ
֮׼̨ϣҲΪ̸ûĴֻǼ򵥵۵Ҫдд裬һϸ¡
̨֮⣬һԲʮƽ׵С̨һС̨ϣв潻̨֣ΧвΧۣһһĴӫĻֱֳ
˸ԾԾԣ˵ʣһһսĺûᡣ
Ҳᳫ躹ޣԽǳԽܹõԸ֧֣Ȼѩ̿ǽķԶԶСѩ̧̿ˣֻҪչֳ㹻츳ʵȻԸ
˵ԴޱҪ飬һ㶼ٲá
ڻ᳡ĵܣһİ䣬ѾפҲкܶţ壬ŵĴ
ЩѧԾԾԣЩע⣬ÿ˶ܹͳƷһƾһ֮ɱĵز
ƷɨһۣʱҲûʲôȤˣЩѧ˵ȷʵ̸㣬һ겻ʮѾ۷壬ߺ쾳磬ǰͲˡ
˵켶ĸ֣һĸ֣ǵڻδ˵ȻǺܸߵġ
Ǽ̫ƺ̫ӡ
ʦ֣ҪҪȥ֣ݵľˣ
¶ʹ˸ɫȻ˵
̫ƺҲڵ仰˿ƺȷʵмڴӣʱ˵ȻˣҾȥԣ
Ʒһж۵ףžǼ̫Ҫ׷Ͷ¶һñ߹ġ
̫ǰȻҪúñһˡ
˵ţ̫ͳһ̨ȶļ϶ֱ̨Աš
廪ѧ̫λǰͽ̣
ò˵̫ȻΪư˵㣬ˮƽеģɨˣ۷ĸ֣ڼ̫ǰԲϲ١
Ʒһ۾жϳ̫ӦѾ˺쾳硣
͸ſˣȻֱ̨ˡ
ʦ֣̫ˣֱǿвһģ¶Դŵ˵ҲȫǿţҲʵ
ǻδ̫Ѿ˺쾳磬ֱ֮
ûʲô˼ˮƽ̫̫ͣ˰֣ư˵ûУдˮƽߣ
ǣ廪ѧǽѧУѧ֮ӣ
Ҳû˵
̫ҲЩʱԼղŵıûа׷ѡ
أͿһȻĳƷ֪뵽ʲô˵ƷҿƺҲһгӣȻҲ̨԰ɣ


640 סȤû
԰ƷҲ̨԰ɣ
ʱǸ¶Ҳ˵
ˣƷҡҡͷǽ飬ڵΪ̨ǲǻ۸ô
Ҳûκ壡
ҲΪˣʱΧ˵ǵõʱڰϳƷҲôڣȻʱļеģˣϾöǰˡ
һŵģƷʱʳڵĻҲܶڳƷûʲôӡˡ
ʱóƷȥ̨䣬ǲе۸˵˼ô
ϧˣһûأΧҲ֪жܣ֮ڿأֵĳɫĻлᱻǿУһΪϧ˵
ƷԷЦЩܣ֮Ҫͽ˼ֱۡ
ͨ˵Щܣ֮ģǺܴĴ
Ҳÿ˶ǼʦӳأʦΪѾ쾳˰ɣ˵ѧıҵ׼ҲǺ쾳أ
¶Щֺõ˵
ֵֻ̫ĵ˵ͷҲмֽȻ쾳ıҵ׼ѧ˵ֻѰǶѧУ˵ֱ졣
ܹڻδҵ֮ǰ쾳磬ֱǲ飬ܹˣҵ֮ǰδػѧѧҪ
ĽҲڷǳ顣
ͱҵˣԼһҹ˾ԺҪҪҹˣңǵĽ飬һ仰飡
̫ư˵˵ţͿȻһʱǰһ
ѧʱھͿ˾ʮУѧ˵ƽЩͨѧУѧ˵ͺܲ˲ˡ
лʦˣǰˣǰɣ
¶Ц˵
أʱһѧģ꣬ǰӵ˹
ˣԭưļ̫鶼¶˼ֹ飬æǰ΢΢Ϲʦֺã
Ǹ걾Ҳֻ΢΢ͷɨһӰʱһͣһ
Ŀǣһһɫ۵꾲վϴż񵭵Цݡ
ʱֻǰʮֵ죬ȻֻоԺкһ˺ҹĻһͻȻ˭ˣʱһ
ҿôɱ
̵ģʦ־Цݵ˭ˣǲͷʢһɱƷô
ʱ仹̣ƷȻ˾֪ʮУѧкܶ˶ڳƷҲţǺ˽⣬˾͸ɼˡ
ҲΪʲô֮ǰֻ̫ǸоƷеԭˡ
̵ת˹ųƷķ˹
̫Ҳû뵽ʦ־Ȼܹתͷ߹Ҫ֪ʦ廪ѧУǿǷ
δҵͿ˺쾳磬廪ѧҲСǺǰʦȣͲ̫Զˡ
ֻԶԶĴһкҿ
ʦֵĴ˹ɵое͸˵ˡ
Ȼʶʦ֣ܹü̫ôŵˣ϶Ǹ
¶ǶüŪۣ˰ɣĴﶼôؼʦ֣ʦǰ;ء
˭û뵽ǣǸʦֱԽ˼̫ߵһֱڼĩβĳƷǰ
Ʒ
ʦֻе㲻̫ȷʵֻǿƷǲ֣Ʒô⼸һͨ˵ѧ쵽һˡ
Ǽ̫֮ǰҲƷҲղŻǰţƺļ̫ϡ
ôʶ㣿Ʒüͷһ˵
ڱϳһ㶼̸֣ƣʶ˲ϾֳĶô
ʶʶʦ¶˼Ƶ顣ֻ֮ǰӢʦ㣬û뵽㣡
һᣡ
Ʒ˵һᣬȴûʲôĽ飬һ֪ǸӢʦӦþ˾ͽӢˣʦֺ˾ͽӢеϵ
ʦеΣεЦҲһţȻƷԸݣҲԸ˵ʲôҲƨɡ
Ҳû˵ʲôֱӾ뿪ˡ
ʦ뿪֮󣬼̫˲ŴЩŵ鿴ųƷƺǼ˹һ
ôңƷƽ˵
ʶʦ֣̫æʵ
ʶ
Ʒϵ˵ôô
ǵȻˣ廪ѧǰٵĴ֣̫æ˵Ȼ԰Ҳ֪Լͼʦ֮Ĳࡣ
ǰ٣Ʒһ£Ȼ֪һЩ廪ѧĸ֣Ҳ˾ͽӢ廪ѧĸ֣ʲôǰ֮ģסȤûС


641 ִ
ڳƷ˵廪ѧǰٵˣʲôסȤûС
Ƕ˵Ǿһˡ
廪ѧһǧļ̫ﶼǴ˵ǰˣּ϶ΪһģܳΪĴҲһ
ȻȲѧѧУǰ廪ѧһһȻ
ܹ廪ѧŽǰ٣ʦֿ϶ɣ
¶˵
ţʦ廪ѧ֮ĸأ̫˵㽾Ҳõͷ
ƺ˶ʦֵʵûһȷ˽⣬ּ̫˵廪ѧĵѧ֮УʦֶܹŽǰʮ֮еļδǮ;
¶¶һȻı顣
˵ĿܿͿ˳ƷôôʶƷأ
Ҳû̫ϣϾƷˡܾͨǸպŹѣҲûʲôֵġ
쿴ʦҲ̨ˣ
ʱ¶ͻȻָǰһ̨˵
ȴղǸ˵ʦֱ̨
ƷĿҲ˹ȥ̸һҪٰ켸죬ֻǽͷϷѣ⼸֮У̨д衣
ЩУеΪԼеΪ֯֡
ʦǰӵӦںһ֡
ѧеľӢֳ֣Ȼ˵Ĺע
ƷҲ˹ȥԶԶĿŴĻʦֳ֣ȷʵͼ̫ȣʦֵʵҪǿϺܶ࣬˺أȻԺͳƷǰЩȣǶͨ˵ҲƸɽֹ
ɵľͻʤ˺ü֣бĺ쾳ľӢѧɲʦֵĶ֡
̶ֳȵսʦ˵ֻС˼ѣУдļң
̫ҲżֽɫȻҲɡ
ʵϣҪѧôһȻѹУͷϣ廪ѧѧһ
ƷԶԶĿţʦʤȴûһ˿һҪȥ˼ǲɵ¶Цݡ
ʦֿ϶Ҫ鷳ˣ̨Ӯ˼˼ҲˣҪռס̨óܿͻĸ֡
ȻҪռ̨ҲǲУҲÿƷҪ̨һʤû˸˵ʲôʦʵȻֳ̫ˣ廪ѧȻǶֺ͵Ҳࡣ
ȻһӰ̨ƷһȻҲǱˣһˣһ꼶ϯ
ͰǰȣϢԸӳˣ
ȻڹƷϣǶ˵Ǹ߸ϵ֮Ů
ǰֽ̣
ô̫üͷһӣȻ˰죬˭ˡ
ôˣʦ֣ô俪ʵ
˵Ǳ꼶ϯ̫ѧ˵廪ѧڱѧҪ˽һ£Ͼ໥Ͼˡ
ʦӦûɣ
¶Ҳе㵣ֻһıѧûʲôǼ̫Ҳһ£Ǳ꼶ϯ֪Ҳ֪ѧУһ꼶ϯζʲôͬǿһС֮һ
Ա廪ĶԹ˵Ȼϳˣǿ϶ʦκӡ
Ӧû⣬ǸȻǶ꼶ϯͱϾ̫Сˣʦ־û⣡
̫϶˵;ƣͣǽͻͽĽ׶Ρ
ǣӦû⣬Ͼռƣ
¶һ룬Ҳ
Ʒţֻ΢΢ҡҡͷȷʵһҪķ棬ȴǾʤΨһҪء
Ƕ˵
ôƷбĿô̫Ƴ˳ƷҡͷʱЩõĿ˵
ƷҲö˵ʲô̫̬óƷҲ̫Ҫǿͬѧϣᡣ
ǸҼǿǵ֮ʦֻ²Ƕ֣
ƷֱԲ˵
ƣ㶮ʲôֲεܹô˵ĵ˼ϵô̫̲סĵ˵
ѹҲûпƷҪĹϵͳƷ
Լ˵Ѿ𽵹ˣСӾȻҺֱд
Ʒ
Ҳû뵽ƷʱôӣؼǣǾü̫Ļ˵һЩ
ǶǺţƷҲö˵ֻ˵Ҫʼˣ֪ˣ


642 ֻĸ֣Ըķ
ƷǵûзһǿӲȥӣƷ½ǣʾ͸ͷ
ϾΣ˼̫һǵѡ񣬶ԾǣⶼѾǳԵİʾƷȴû˿Э
ӡеĳƷƺҲûôǿԸ񣬶֪ǣƷ⼸ı仯ж󣬽ңƼȻﶼͷοһļ̫
־ٶ̫Ӳÿϲɵøֳ˼Ц֮ǰǰǿװʱȫ֮Ժˡ
Ӹղһ·˵ĻҲ˽⵽ƷֻһͨѧˣˣƽʱῴһۣʱȻҶײ
ܺãɣƷǴİɣʦӮˣҲҪģֻҪ˵ˣ
̫Ц˵
Ͷ¶ǳԾĿͱ˵ļֻ̫֪¼̫Ѿ׼ŭˡ
Ʒ
Ȱ⣬ȴƷֻüͷһ˫ֲڿڴȻ˵е˼Ӯأ
һ䣿̫ŭĿԲ˵ֻоƷԶײ
һݵλŭһʼʹûƷŻرŭ
ݲóƷһ˿һΥ֣
Ʒ˵̬Ƿǳ˽ģЩ˿Ӧ֮ӣǸȴ׶ŭԴֲƵ˼
ͬá趼̣º󱨸ֵͲεϵžҪ
ĶˣҲΪ⣬ֻЦ˵¶˵ãҪ¹˾ˣ㲻ǿװǣ
ãҪˣҾͺһ
̫Ц˵
ܵľе㲻̫ԾΪƷе̫ˣֱĲ񻰣е㲻̫Ծ
ʲôƾ̣ôţ
漴ͽɻԺˣΪʦֺģѵͻʰһëѾͷô
˫ŵزмҲʮΪѣֻͬѧЩһˣֻıˣ϶кܶ˽ı仯С
Ͷ¶۹⸴ӣֻóƷֱ֪ߵغƽʱֶټɣȻּ֮ʤ
ʱǸʦֺ֮սѾʼˣ̨¼˲ٱ廪ѧ
ѧУѧԹѾãҪôš
һʼ̫һʮӣǺܿ죬ɫͲÿ
ΪʦȷʵǱֳ˼Ϊ˵ʵǼչֳ˺ϵʵڳֵʱȴȫѹˡ
ʵϣҲֻеһγֵʱռϷ磬Ȼȫѹסˡ
ʱ䲻ʵҲ˲СƷɨһۣȻѾ˺صľ磬ٶȣĿҲǴϣ
Ǳһ꼶ϯʵҲȻ飬ȻȲƷѾ㹻ˡ
ǸʦʵȻȻȣвСĲ࣬ͱѹסˡ
˫ֲʮУʦ־Ѿǰ֣ƵƵмܶˣʵΪ˫ʵŲСĲࡣ
̫ɫѾˣ䣬¶ƵƵƷһȫŵӣһоȻƷ˵ˡ
ôжϳģѵʶô
ʶҲô׵жϳɣʱ֮ǰʦƷ˵ʱӣ֮ǰãͻȻое㲻̫԰
Ҫ˵ĻǾʦе㹷ȰƷȫһӡ
֮ǰǻΪ˫̫죬Գе䵭žɵܶࡣ
ͻȻоԼе㲻ʶͬѧˡ
ֵȻӣɲ֪;ǿȫһνӡ
˺˼ʱ̨Ѿֳʤˣȡʤʦ֡
˻Ȼ廪һߵѧû뵽ʦ־Ȼôɾʧˡ
ߣ
ֻ̫һȻתҪ뿪
һ£
ƷͻȻ˵
㻹Ҫô̫Ŀ׺ݵĶųƷ˵
Ҫôֻĸ֣Ըķ䣡
ƷüͷһЦ˵
ԭҲһͱ˵ˣ˵ǵĻҲԸΪһͱ֮ˡ
ϣһҲˣƫƫ̫ȻҪģԼ¹򣬶۸ŵˣҲһ᲻


643 һк
Ըķ䣡
ĸ쾭飬˭ܹ˵ʲô
һҲˣǸղŵĶԼݣǿҪ¹򣬺ʣǶ˵ļ衣
Ʒ˴ˣҲûҪôͱ˰ɣʱ俪˵
ͱˣ鲻İɣΣҶ㲻ͱ˰ɣ
Ʒƽ˵
ҲûжҪֻҪԸķѣȻ䲻ͱģ˾Ҫ𣡡
ƷĲˣʦֲǿЦѣαô棿¶ʱҲ˵Ҳмֲõ顣
ǰƷȻ˰ɣмֵĵ˵
֪̫ʵģܲμģǶЩͨ˵ȴǸ߲ʵģҲ³ƷԿ
ϾƷģҲԸֳӣֻǼƷǿӣҲЩûа취
ҵĲôֻһЦĻǻᵱֻһЦˣƷЦһ˵
¶䣬ƷĻҭסˣƷ˵ҲʵǳƷֻ¼̫ҲŹ̫ôĻҲͲֶԼˡ
һγƷǲǲֻ֪֮ǰûоʲôˣڳƷӣȴƫƫһ·ϵĸоŸ޷ܡ
ƾ㣬Ҫ¹ʲô
̫ĿųƷ֮˸Ĺâ
úýѵѵ㣬ǲ֪ߵغˣ
̫ʹҪѵƷ˼һ¸ǽⷢӣֱӳųƷһȭȥ
Ϊ֣̫һ֣֮ƣһȭ˿һµˡ
С£
Ʒʱһȣһɿޱȵһ˳ȥֻ̫һ˲䣬ǰĳƷѾòˣһͷµޣɲǼ䣬һֲֿĸоֱࡣ
ڴУ֣Ŀɱˣֻһ۾ɱһˡ
ƷȻﲻĵز˵Ҳһܹܵ˵ģ̫һûУֱͦͦĹ
أ
˳Ʒ֮⣬¶䣬ȫɵˣղżֵ̫ٶ̫죬ǶӦΪƷһҪһˡ
˭֪ƷֻǴһ£Ȼ̫Ȼľˡ
ڹ
ʱٿƷʱѾȫˣȻ֪ƷôģǺʣ֮ǰһƽӹͬѧڿвСܡ
Щ޷ŵģƷ˵Ʒã׷㣬úúÿһˣǷֵи
Ʒôһ˵ʱСˢһͨ
Ȼ˱Ƚһ㣬ȴɵİ໨С˴ڨ׷֪ٴΡ
һ±ڨĴܱȺܶһȥڨĴҪ࣬ô᲻֪̫˼ء
ԭü̫Ҳǳ໹ʵѧڱƷһӴɵЩա
˵ʲô
һͨļ̫ŭɶû֮ǰĴлعԼ֪ΪʲôͻȻһӾͱ
Ҫѵһ³ƷȴƷһȾ¹ˣĿ֮£ֱܴ衣
ֻоΧĿⶼɨ˹ŭ˼£ֱһȣѣųƷ˹ȥ
ڤ粻飡
Ʒһֱһ˹ȥȻ֮ԶϯĿֱֲӾ˼̫ϡ

̫һƺߣֱԱʱٶȵ˳ȥ˺ݺײ˵ϣˤ߻أȻһѪ˳
˶ɵˣǶ˵͸ˣȫȫ߸ۣȫ෴ǳƷѪɳȥǾͺˡ
Ҳ֪ȴȫӣ
ΪƷıȷʵ̫ˣ
Լͬѧ֮䣬ô˿£֮ǰһ仰ȵļ̫£Ͳʲôɺϣʵ֡
ˣԭڼ̫ĵĶ¶ǳɵˡ
籾ӦôдĲŶԣ
ʱΧҲǻȻһƬˣǶ˼̫ϵ꣬ԣ廪ѧˡ
Ȼ廪ѧѧǺʣҲʲôӣﶯִ廪ѧѧֻϾͻɡ

Ʒ˫ֲڿڴֻʮĮ˵ĸ֡
УͬѧѾȫİĲˡ


644 İƷ
ӡеĳƷӦǺƽӹһˣԸҲºͣǿơ
Ȼ֮ǰ̫̬ҲǷǳǿƣ֮Ĳʾˣ֮ǰ̫ҲǿƣʵȻǰ
һַԹİֻ֮ǰڵĺܺãܲ
ǺͳƷһȣ̾Գ˲ͬˡ
Ʒǿƴһִ磬ֵĲܹ࣬һۿ̫ǿƣȫһְгģ
Ǿ֪ƷӵĲŶԣΪȫڳбҵ⼸֮УƷ׾ʲô
ʱƽѾȫͬѧˣϾƷʲôżû˵̫ȴһͱ˵ӡ
ȻǼ̫ڵأǳƷˣֻºء
ƷϽ߰ɣȻĻȵ廪ѧ˸֮󣬾鷳ˣ
ʱɵ˵
ʮУѧǣΪǱʵǿ󣬸ΪǱվôһУ
ƷʱߵĻֻ鷳ԴԴϵǰ
Ʒ΢΢һЦͬѧǹԼƷ΢΢һůȻ˵޷ҵʱ뿴ʲôˣ
ƷСֱߣ̫ĨǵѪݺݵ˵
ȻڽˣƷ˿̫ɵ΢΢ҡҡͷڵıֻ֮ǰǽ⣬аˡ
Ҳߣ㾡ܽˣ
ƷЦһ˵Ҳ£ңμ＾̸ᣬѾ˳ͻ׼
޺磬Ҳÿûôõθڣ᲻ᱻ
ã֣
̫һΧۼԽԽ࣬ۿ廪ѧһҪԭأǽˣۿһͻ
ڳ˸ʮУѧǰͲÿ廪ѧԱ
ڲͶ¶Ҳ˲ˣ֮ǰǻǳƷ֪ߵغȻڿƺӣԭܼ򵥣Ʒ޿ֵӣֻҲǼ򵥵
¶æһԣʵͬѧʲôͷ
ҲɵЩЦ˵Ҳ֪ǰѧʱһͨͬѧѣҶûжӡˣ
˵ҲʵǳƷͬѧʱٹľһ㣬ڽҲʶˡ
ƷԭֹâɵѧһУˣΪˣǣһҲ
ڵĳƷ̫İˣѧУ֪ΪŵǸѧƺͳƷȣʮ֮һ
ЩϿЩƵ֮еĸǴǿߣ£֮ϡ
ƷδǸزҲѾֳˡ
ɣ
¶ɵĿ˽⣬˵ˡ
Ʒȫ֮ǰƽģâ¶޷ֱӡ
ôڳ궼ƽƽġ
ģ꣬һӡûУ˭֪ô
Щյ˵
ʣƷҲһ䣬֮ǰȻһ㶼ûз֡
ƷֻҲס廪ѧôְɣ
¶˵
ȻƷղűֵĺܾޣڽƷ廪ѧȻԱһ֮ǻǾãƷûκʤ㡣
һ˵ĶôЦ˵ֲɵο֮ǰǳƷͬѧء
˭Ҷ廪ѧѧʱһȴӲԶһʮҵ˹Ⱥˮһ㣬Զֿˡ
˵Ŀ⿴˹ȥ˹
̫꣬ϲɵ¶˼־ϲӵ顣
˾ͽӢ
ϳ˵ݣⲻ廪ѧڴϯô
һʱ֮У˾ͽӢҲǸոսѧĲˣȻҲ˲С˺ܿϳ
ӢʦܣҪ۸廪ѧˣ
ʱ̫æɥ˵
̫ӣ˾ͽӢҲ¶飬廪ѧѧȻģֱۡ
ú˵
˾ͽӢ˵
ԭ˾ͽӢˣкϷˣ˾ͽӢ˲õﰡ
û廪ѧѧѧУܹȼҲûˣֻδ쾳缸ǰ϶飡
֮ͬǿļ֮һѧǼأ
۷׷ף˾ͽӢִż
˾ͽӢĴź֮¶ɫˡ


645 
˾ͽӢȻ廪ѧϯϯĸǲİοǸղһܺõʾ
廪ѧܹǰٵǿǰռƣҲ仨ˮǺ޻֮
ϯʵ
ʵǿˣο˾ͽӢˣֻҲ̡
ȻƷֵĺǿ󣬵ֻ˾ͽӢ˵ԶԶǶֵġ
ˣƷֵô
ϸ¶˼ֽɫ
æƷʹɫߣǳƷûпһվţ˫ֲڿڴȫ˾ͽӢ
ʱģ˾ͽӢҲע⵽˳ƷҲΪ˳Ʒģǲ˵ո̨Ͻѵ廪ѧһѧΪ˲ġ
廪ѧ໥ϾҲһˣǴϯ˴֮䵱Ȼֱӵľ֡
ҪҲˣƫƫˣȻͲưոݣĻ廪ѧδ档
Ȼȵ֮ȴ֣һҪȴ飬飬һʱ
ΪǸվԭأȫһģˣȴǳƷ˭ء
ڳƷνӡ̣廪ѧһ꼶ϯ֮ӣĿһֱֻ÷Ƶϣ˭룬ƷȴͻȻһðǺճɨˡ
˭ǰƺɨˣǶ֣
ԼԳƷʱ򣬾ȻǼ֮У˵ֱܴ衣
ȻѾȥ˰࣬ǵʱƷɨζĿ
Ȼ㣡
˾ͽӢҧ˵ǿƽ̣һһġ
ܳʱ䲻ˣ
ƷɣֻǵȻһЦ˵
˴ʱŻȻƺƷʶ˾ͽӢӣƷҲǺܶһʼĲ²ӣֻΪ֪ߵغ񣬾͸廪ѧ
˸ʮȻƷȻʶ˾ͽӢҿֻԶԶһ֮ģʶ
Ҵ˾ͽӢֻ»һЩƷĿء
˵УƷֶһ⻷Ǻηʥ˾ͽӢʣ֮ͬУô֮һƷȻܹʶˡ
ô˵֮ǰǸʦʶƷҲǷǳˡ
ôһ£
ˣ˾ͽӢͳˣƫƫǳƷ֪Ʒǡ
ֻԸķˣ
ƷЦ˵
ôһ£˾ͽӢĿ⿴˼̫
ԼСʦܣ̫ȴʲô֪ʱ˾ͽӢΨһָ
ʱͽһµ˵˳ҲûͼӴס

˾ͽӢɵüΪͷۣ̫ȻҺͳƷ飬һֶԼӵ˵ǲǵʲô
ƽĶۣ˸ǰ٣ôֻȳƷһЩ
ǴʱȴôΪϾϵ廪ѧ棬ѵ廪ѧôѧô
ô˾ͽӢҪֻعôƷ˵
Ʒ䣬˷׷׻Ȼ˾ͽӢδ϶쾳ĴƷȻͱˡ
⵽Ǻηʥ
أ˾ͽӢͷ۵ʱ򣬴Ա߹һȺˣΪ׵ˣȴǱˣ˾ͽӢĿ꣬ϯ
񵱿ڳжŵˣʱҲһ䣬ԭҲֻ˵˾ͽӢˣӦսˡ
˭֪һͿôһɱǡ
ڿƷĵһʱ䣬ʱǼΧƷȴ飬ǼֱجΡ
ĽǺһʱܵУʲôʱԹôĿˡ
ƫƫڳƷǱɱ
ʱǣڶƷһĻָǰ
Ǳܵģͽ
ҲһȺѧͻȻͣɵޱ֣֪ڸʲôܹоõ񼸺һȫǽ䱸״̬
ĵȻҲڳ˵ע⣬Ҳ֪ݡ
Ҳˣֿɴˣ廪ȻϯһﵽʲôݣȻôˣ
֮ǰ˵˾ͽӢĻںˣֱһ𣬸òֱӴɣ
һʱ䣬ֳգš


646 ˾ͽӢ
ô£˶٣˳Ĭ˵
һڣˣҲʶƷģ˷׷׿Ʒ֪˵ʲôͷ
û飬Ҫ£
Ʒֻ䵭˵
һһףʲôʱô׹ʱҲֻ
˾ͽӢһΣҪΪͷôƷ˵
˵Ŀⶼת˾ͽӢֻǳһȻ˵Ըķ䣬ⱾȻ飬ǳƷ۸廪ѧ̫ȴӲܣ
Ʒ
ڳܶѧֻôô죬Ķ˵
Ʒ꼶ϯ
ʱ˳ƷΪʲôôˣ̵ģ˴˵еǸ꼶ϯͬҲͬ˵ĵһˡ
ǳƷ
˷׷׵һڳƷĴźܶ࣬Ǻʣκδ֮УƷƲ磬ʵǿĺ
۵ϣնɱ˶ˣԼ㲻ˣȥ۵ĶǸѧУ֮еľӢȴƷƿвһնɱࡣ
뵽ٿƷѾˡ
ȻǲƷ־ζʲôΪǵѧУЩʵ̫ԶˣǴ˵鵱УҲѲ²õƷֻҲʲôƲ磬Ǵͷ
֮ǰǻóƷ˼̫ǲǿЦˡ
ãҲ뿴ɳ˶٣
ƷЦ˵
Ʒ㲻Ҫ̫ˣǰҲ㣬ȴҲ㣡
˾ͽӢ˵ʱϵƿʼΪ֪ǰжôĿֲֵһ˵ĵΨн߾ȫпܡ
Ʒ廪ѧΪ廪ѧѧӲҲҽһȭ
Ժˣ
Ʒ˵
˶Ϣ񣬿ųеˣһٴеģΪǰ˶֮еǿУҪ֮ͬеĵһˣô˾ǿԽȥż
Ǻãˣ
˾ͽӢأ˵Ʊˣޱȵ˵͸ȫ˲ͦ࣬һɽһ㡣
˫ȭ
˾ͽӢһ˺ڵһķ˳Ȼſ˫ָۣȭ˫ȭ͵һӺһ㣬ݺɱ˳Ʒ
˫ȭ罦ɨ˿µƣڳΪȽֻоȫ¶һǿѹѹţòȥ
֮иޱȵľȫ˳ܹ˾˵ƣƵģˡ
أ
ɫ˲ͱˣ˾ͽӢǸѧУĶ꼶ϯҲǲ࣬һֱǱȽϵĶ󣬶ڣò׿˺۷壬ûµʱ䣬ʱܿء
ԽҲԽѣ
˾ͽӢȻһ˺أ
һֱ˾ͽӢ˵ò˵һ޴Ĵ
ʱǿֲȫסƷʱ򣬳ƷֻǼ򵥵һɨ
ɲǼ䣬ƷͺƱһͷһһ˺һС
ʽȣ
һֱ˺ѿ˾ͽӢȭƣеĹƶΪޣȻƷһ˾ͽӢ˫ȭݺݵײһ
أ
Ǻɨһֱӽ˾ͽӢ˫ȭһɨ˾ͽӢؿڡ
ۣ
˾ͽӢһѪ˳ڵһĵ˳ȥ
ɨ廪ѧͬڸУ֮жвС˾ͽӢȻƷһжסͱɱˡ
˾ͽӢݺײ˵ϣһƷȻûн߾ȫΪֵĹȻ˾ͽӢɽġ
ʱǸ̫ѾɵˣȫţԭľǽȴƷһȸˡ
Ƕ֣
㷴ӦٳٶҲܹó˫һϵĴڣǸûпСطļһȻô¡
ʱҲ˳Ʒʲôˣѹ־ôˣԭǸɱ񰡣ô᲻ء
Ƶʵ̫˵㣬ֻǸζ˵̫Զˣû̫ȥס֡
ٿƷĿɨ˹ֻñ
Լôôۣôһһѹָղ˾ͽӢ˵ԼǸˡ
˻һŵĿֲ֮У
̫ˡ


647 ޾в
Ƕѧ֮Ľôսս˵ղ˾ͽӢһȭʣѾǿ۷壬ɽӵƣǼˣԳƷʱֻһźơ
ǳƷΪµĵط
ĺǿƷȻ鴫ʢ֮ûʿ
˿˵
Уһжʵϣֻȫ˽֣ɫֱࡣ
˾ͽӢʵѾ֮ˣĻܹ˾ͽӢϱֲܾѾǳˡ
͸˵һоͽ˾ͽӢɱˣƷʵѾɲˡ
ԭѾͬôô
˾ͽӢѾˣͱ˵Ǹ˾ͽӢ֮ϵ÷ƣƵˣƷȫѾɱһˡ
ΪԵãԾʵǿڱҵ֮ǰϣ쾳磬꣬ʵȷʵԺɨͬ
ȴҲòϣÿʵ˱һһǿ
ղһĻҲǳ׽ˣ
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ƷüͷһʱЩᣬʲô廪ѧ̫ѵ۸˲ɣ
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Щˣ
Ǿ԰ɣ
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Χ۵Щ·ѧȺۿŶɢˣûֿɿ뿪ֳ֮ǰƷһŵֱӡǵУ
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м̫˾ͽӢﻹһɳƷʵ
ˣѹôҵ죬ǰôһ˵ˣ
¶Щŵ˵ǰֻ˵ãڲףǿˣѹжôĴ
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ͬѧ˰û뵽ǸСطȻɳôһ˲ð¶˵ԱߣҲæͷΪȣ˭ԼŮء
ǰֻѧУ˶û뵽ɣ
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УһҪȦ̫ˣ¶뵽ȥˡ
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ʱƷѾҴҵ˻᳡һ֮С
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Ǹߺ־Ļʼǿ֡
ʱԵΪǱһԻżƣֻǿ˳Ʒ֮˾һΪĹˡ
ƷȻڣǺʣǻʼ˵Ĺǡ


648 ۵ģ
⼸صĸ֣ʼ˳Ʒ֮⣬ǿĸˡ
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֯ȻõĴ
ƷŸߺ־ǸϵʱѾȫע⣬Ϊողűһͻߺ־˲Ÿոձߣʱߺ־һö룬Ҳ֪Ϊʲô
ǲǸղǸϳȥĽлʼ֯ô
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ʲôֵģЩ֯ĸûк̨ĸûпɽ֮ǰǸӣȻĻĿɽ
ˣˣǲǸѧķƷô
ʱϳ˳ƷӰʱȫȻȻƷȷʵͷСȻÿ˶֪Ʒʲôӣ˵Ʒˣкܶġ
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˴ʱףʼıɽȻǳƷҲûʲôƷֻѧ꼶ϯֲѧһˣĲ̫ˡ
ȻǵһǺʮǧ
ǽĻ˭ҵǸܣֻñ־һСˡ
ǳƷ֣ȻԴﵽЧںܶ˵ǻֻһСֱ
ڵѧֲƷ
죬ƷҪ¾̵ۡ
Щƣñ仯ˣЩҲ֮仯ˣ


649 ᣬ
ںܶѧУѧѧ˵ȻҲ֪ƷǣҲֻǲǶѡ
ѧֲƷ
Ʒгһսѧǽǰ㣬ֻƾһ֣Լ
ҲԺ󣬳ƷĵʱʱҪǿгͷȻ˻ʲôйء
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ᣬҲ㣬ֻǿǼ֣ʸء
ڣҲҪˣЩ͸øıˡ
Ʒܿҵ˻ʼչ̨Ϊ鷢ĺͻȻƶûв
ȻѾռȵˡ
һȺԼĪŶʮģչ̨Լĺ
ѧѧᣡ
ѧʮУ֮һȻ㿿ǰûа취ռǰѧ廪ᲢۣǺʣҲһҰУ
ѧ࣬ѧҲڴֱʱڽĴѧǵʱܶĴѧɵģΪۼ˶ѧľԼǴӽʱʼѾռʮУ֮һͷ
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Ʒ˹ЩѧѧѧһӽȻǶ֮ǰҲһ֪ǵĲ롣
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ڳչλȷʵܽţϾѧУܶ࣬ٽҲŵѧʮУѧչλ
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˿ųƷ˵Ȼ˵ǳƷĹ¼ʵϣȴǴżϷʵ顣
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ֱ˵
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ˣȻˣƷʹһǸƲ磬ոձ˴ϾҪ˴ˣ
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ѧѧֻҲбȻ᳤ûп棬ֻǸ᳤ҵҲǳüĸ֣˵ֻ벽ܹ쾳磬ΪʵĴˣ
Χ˵Ҳӡ˳ƷԺ֮УԭǰˣȻǱѧѧһ᳤۷֡
ѹ԰ѧǷëǣڱѧĻֻܹŵĽǰʮˡ
ˣʲôֻ֪ǰչذ£ʱҵֻ¶˼ֵЦ
ƷôͷȴƷǰ־ޣҲֻһ꼶ѧ˵ģֻȥ˰꣬ǿǿĶȥ
ԼȲأº֣ʱ˵أƷЦ˵ȻñԵ׼ʱŭ
Ÿ߸̫ˣһˣЩǲЩ鲻ǿؾܽһеģ
һȭ㻹վ˵˵Ĺأ


650 һȭ
˵ʲôһȭҵʲôΪЦһ
ԭֻǲмڳƷͷ֮мּʣ۵ھĺ˶֪
ȻΪԲƷԳƷڵķչƣȵͣǺɨµľ棬ѧѧҲǿջ
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ΪǽҲûĳƷǿơ
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ŭ֮ҵҲͺ޹˼ˣҲͱҵˣУȳƷͺûʲôϵˡ
㲻״㣬ΪҵõǼٵô㱻˵ǹʹȲ֪һ
ƷһӵĴѾ޻˵ˡ
ƷָȭɲǼ䣬һɿµ֮ͷ˳γɿµĿ񳱣ƫƫһɿ񳱱˳Ʒ磬һ㶼ûгԽ
֪ƷʱĶĿƵѾﵽһֵǷ켫ĵز
䣡
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ʱҵҲ־ŭҲû뵽ƷȻһ㶼˹أȻֱӳˡ
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أ
ȭͷݺײһɲǼ䣬໥ײ໥γ˿µĿ񳱱˳ȥ

ҵ̾ͱһҽһײѣ͸оԼһȭȭͷϣ෴һɽϣһɿµ˻
ǿµйϣҵһӾ͸޷վȽŸ˲䵹˳ȥײ˺üѧѧ֮ͣ
һ˵ʵֻǷһ˲ѣ˵ǳƷȻҵͱ˳ȥ
ڵʯ֮䣬һоѾˣֻҵ˲ܡ
ȫһŵģ
ЩѧѧҪȥæҵЩѧѧѧߣѧĻ᳤
ʵȷѧ֮Уŵǿߡ
Ҳδҵ򵥵ľˣӵĺ޻֮
ð죬˷ӳ˹
⡭Ҳ̫ǿ˰ɣҵҲǱѧѧ֣ܶർʦȴһȭܣôܣ
˵ҵѾǺ۷Ϊֻһܹ쾳磬ƷȻܹһȭܣѵѾô
ܣż꣬ôܿ쾳磡
ҲʲôܵģϾõ˵֮ǰжʮµܹõô
۷׷׵ʱڳѧѧˣ˵ôѧѧĸ᳤ҲǱһлܣҾ˵ܿ쾳磡
˻ȻǱѧѧ粻˵֪Ʒ뺷սôȡ衣
ѧѧĸ᳤ʵҵ֮ϣҰˣҵôʤ㡣
ǴѹƷΪڳ׳һЦûóƷΪ˳ƷĶ
ѹ֮ǰƷ˵޴ˣ˵ǹʹȲ֪
Ǹѧѧ˵ģܿ쾳磬ҲǲŵģϾۼΪʵǺʣƷǿס
ڴʱһӵĽŲ˴¼ģϼڳˡ


651 ǿ߶أع
һĽŲ֮󣬸֯һ̸ĵϼѧڸϵˡ
һеѧĴ֮£ƷΧס
ʦִˣ
Ԯѧѧѧڰ಻סˡ
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Ժ۷ҵʵȻ˲һƷһȭ͸ˡ
ѧУѧĻ᳤Ҳİɡ
ҵڵϲҽвѣǶȥæΪƷŵˡ
ڿ˵ϼˣûͬһоϼ˾ȻôС
ϼѧΧ˹ȵΧˣŷ֣˾ȻǳƷ
Уˣܶ˼֪Ҳֻ֪ƷֶѣǶЩѧѧ˵д붼֪Ʒĳࡣ
ʵǳƷ̫ˣһ׮׮һÿһʱҪУ԰̳ҳһΡ
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ѧѧḱ᳤ſˣȻ֪һȭſµģǿҲ֪ƷֻǺɾͻҵ
ҵһ֪֮ͬǰƷ飬ѧҲʼ𽥴˿ˣڴУǿ쾳硣
һҲֻ֪زȴ֪ⲻǴţʵٻһᶼΨһĶֿΪٻĸ֣ĿȻ档
ԭ˻Ͽ˵ǲ˭֪Ȼһ쾳磬˵ò˵һ
ȻѾ쾳Ȼܸ˳Ʒβ𾪡
Ȼ֪ƷôģΪƷ̫ˣǳƷȴǲʵ
ԭҪѧĹѹƷǣһ֮㣬Ҳֻš
ŷˣЩˣͲΪڣҲûʸóƷ
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ٻȻʽңȻ˽ҵʵ֪ҹʸ񣬲ŷ룬ȻˣͲС
Ʒŵ˵Ϊ֪СûãԼˣ
˻ȻǴӳƷ֮У·𿴵һ棬ƷٻվǸ֮ϣԲ໥̽СϷΪ֪ûá
ܹڴѧ֮п죬ʲô
׵δ⾫ӢЩ̻еġ
Ʒ㲻Ҫ̫ˣƻĹأǻĹأΪһܹ뻥Όôᵽ˻ᣬʱֻоˣƷΥᣬûܹΥᡣ
ĳ˵ѧѧѧỹҪӴ
أ㻹ûиףǿ߶صģֻػĹ򣬶ҿԶµĹ򣡡ƷֶȻ˵
ûѹңǿЦҵҵչ̨һһȭȻҺһңôܲһѵ
Ʒң
ʱ˵
ʲôңٻ磬ҳˣѾˣҵҪʲôֶΣ
Ʒ˵ţȻһӿ˲ˣȻһȭɲǼ䣬ȭڵһ㣬ֲȭɨֱӻµķ


652 һȭٻ
䣡
ڳƷ˵ֻǼ򵥵һȭǶ˵ֱһ㣬һȭ˲ضűˣеһжʧˣֻƷһȭ
Ȼ֮䣬Ʒƻһͷͻ쳤ХһС
Դ˲İȭ⣬ѧ˷ǳϳ˵ĵزа취۶ġ
ʱѾƷȭֽУʱΪʲô֮ǰҵܵôҵˡ
ƴˣ
ָоֻҪһ㷴˼һִܸС
ΪʲôŲǸոս꼶ĳƷȻôǿ
꼶ʱ򣬸ͷȲϡ
ʱ룬ֻܳХһͼͻƳƷȭ֡
Ȼûκôֻü֯һȭ˲ͱ˸ɸɾƷһȭȭֱӷɳԶ
أ
һҽУ屻˳ȥûбƷȭͷУֻȭѣѾ㹻ֲˡ
˲ܣ
һ˵Ƕ˿ֻǷڵʯһ˲ˣƷһ֣֮ǰݣ֪ѧǿߣӲҰ˳Ʒϡ
۷ĸְǺպҶֵģӲҰˣ
ƷȴлҪʮòǿ쾳˰ɣ
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ƷһȭͻǱѧѧѧѧϼѧʱһĸоƷԶԶĻҪơ
ʼļָ֮ɫǵʵ˵ȷʵˣϿ˵ѧ֮еľӢ˵δ쾳綼Ƿǳϣ顣
Ҫ۷ǲף֮Իѡʼ̶ܴΪƷ
Ʒֵ̫ɫǰ;˶֪ƷδôԹ
ûԵ޹ʵİҲûԵ޹ʵĺޣѾǵ˳ԶδƷδǿ϶λܹӰƵĴУ⿿ԼҲǳΪͨϲ㾫Ӣ֮еһԱѡ
ܹƷȫȫˡ
пܸһ
ȻҲӵǱʣǽһͲ֪ж׷ߣ쾳ĸֶ׷ߡ
οӵĳ̶ȣҪ̫ŶܵãǳƷͲͬˣողݴδǰ;ʱԪϹ
һƷ֮ǰƲĻҪֲǶҪĴҵ˵˾Ͱˣһȭͺˡ
ҳƷԥΪһسӣϧѧӴȻ￹⣬˵̵ֻ˲ֵ׷档
ǼƷ΢΢ףҲĿڣǸЩⲿ˿ҲǸЩҪ׷ĸǿġ
ƾµ˱۸ҲܵĻôʼҲʲôǿǰ׷档
ۣ
һѪֻȫ¶ǿȭŰ֮أԲ˼飬ֻһȭѣͻеķʵֱ𺳡
֪ٻıʱҲʮþȣȻڿֻûô򵥡
ƷȻ̸ϴҵˣôĵӣ
ʱһХԶһХܹ֮ŭ
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װʲôͷ⣬ȻˣǾɣ
ƷĿڡ
ȫȫˣҲ˼תĿѾµ˭ɲǵϼĻ᳤ѧڶǿٻô
ȻƬ֮ٻǿĶŵξѾ˻᳡ˣȻĶţǴʱȴż֮˲ҿ
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ҪٻֻҲưոݵģ
۷׷ףһǿߣһǺ֮㣬Ƿǳǿ
ǺʣǴʱеƽƫٻѧڽǿߣ˽δ˵ܹء
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ٻЦҲΪ֪ȻѾĿĻװĻǾԵ̫û˼ˡ
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ƷҲδе̫ˣһɭȴһϤӰڶ
棬ѧѧḱ᳤棡
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ȴҲһ⣬Ʒʵ̫ˡ

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ƷȻͬһţǽζȫˣҾҪΪһƼȥӢֻһϢ
ʱһԶȴһݸߵ꣬󲻶ǴӸһ֮з

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ղѧѧ᳤Ҳ͸¶һҪϢƼҵĸ֡
һоܹ˵ͨˡ


654 ȫĿ
ΪѧѧĻ᳤ȻǻƼ֮ˣôһҲԵ˵˳ˣƼ֮ҳӣⱾǺ顣
˵֮ǰֻǳƷͽԼƼһС˵ĶԹĻôųƷ¾ҺͻƼҵĸ֣Ѿͬˡ
ƽжڶ˼ǶʱܻǱȽһµģΪǶ̶֪ܹܴϾ˼ơ
ңǾĸȻǵĵӡ
֪һ֮󣬳ƷҲˡ
ԭ㣬ƽ
Ʒͨն˵ٿϺɵľܹ鵽ѧѧ᳤ʲôˡ
ƽ걱ѧĵѧҲ񱱷ѧһ֡
ʵϣڳļˣ϶ǴĵѧҲƷڴһʱѾ쾳˵Ҳǿǰˡ
󲿷ֶǴķǿ쾳磬ˣѾ֮ͬĶδл۷ĳ

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һֱ˵ңأ
Ʒ֮ڸǵ֮ɫΪӵǹˣԶڳƷΥĴͷΪġ
޹ظ飬ƨɾԴĽ׼ˡ
һӵܣһǲݸƷȻгҵıȴڸǲȷʵǲݸʵ
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ʱȫһƬȻˣһε＾̸ᣬһ˼켶ѧÿһһУھȻĸվҪԸƷѹ֮ǰƷ˵޺磬һˡ
ⶼǺ磬ʲôǺ硣
ƷһЦ˵ȻˣҲͲö˵ʲôˣҿﻹܲסպ̸Ҫʼˣֱȥˣ
˵꣬Ʒһ˺ƻһŲӰһѾ᳡ĵǸ̨ˡ
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죬֣
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ݱ˵ڴѧ棬ǷҲǿƻһˡ
˶æ˹ȥĴֶּԸһˣԺҲټˡ
ЩҲǸƬ֮䣬ѾǸ޴̨Χһˮйͨ
ʱʼ໥һۣ֮¶˼ֵĵɫֻһĻǻûôģϾƷ֮ǰɾͻѾ쾳档
֣ڳƷ˵ʣ⼸һ֡
һƷܵĻôڸոտûжõĻʼ˵ֱһش
ǵĿⶼ˸ߺ־Ȼߺ־ΪߵģǺʣͷˡ
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ıʣʣҲЩܣǵĿ⡣
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в嫺棬Ʒƽ
ЩҲܹ׽гЩ˵֣ѧ׶εķʮھͿܳΪķ
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655 һս
һĻʱ֪Ǽ˭ȴ֪ǼԵĸ֡
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ɢϢԶԶĿһۣһȫսĸо
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ĸ֮УֻǺͳƷûʲô˽ԹģΪٻ˵ĺôǰæġ
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ʱһԶһηӶȴһϮɫӰֱӵ˳ϣ˽Բŷ֣һɫ۵ŮҲǶʮң޳һȫȴżֲŭζ
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Ů˳УѾŵɵÿ˵
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ƷΪһ֮ǰ°һµˣһȦһȦͷ˳۹𵱳ͳƷֵʱҪǿࡣ


656 ˲
ڱʵĳƷɫˡ
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͵ȣȷʵ˾޴ֱӳһ۷壬ͬնʵ͵ȣ˺üɡ
ǳƷʵ͵ǾͲǼɣǺüˣܵ˵ͳƷʵ࣬ûС෴ģڸһ

ʱٻ˲ʶ˲Ȼ֪˳ƷϣǾôܵĲΪôҲ֣˲һڲףһ
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ǧһ֮ʣҧ˫ֺǰγһ֮ƣƷɨһȣֱӺ˫ϣûֱӺؿϡ

һξͱɨ˺üף˫Ķ˵ϣ̸һĽŵͷŶһֻֻ֣ץס˵档
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ԶԶȥȻ˺ѳ룬Ƭ񷱻иһ
ȷˣһ֪
أ
汻ֱɨУκƶߵķһ˲䵹˳ȥ
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̲סһѪ˳Ѫĵǣ˺ڵһݺݵ˳ȥ
䣡
κݺ䵽˵ϣһ£ֻȫĹͷѾһ
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ֻȶѣѾ쾳ȻѾսˣֱӱһ̨֮߳ϣ˲䱻شʧȥս
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ĴΧƷľ棬ȻѾһǡ


657 ͳμʵ
һֱڣЩ̨֮Χ۵ڻعˣĴ֮е棬Ѿˡ
⡭Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ǿƷȻôֲѹˣٻĴȻҪĸԸ
ٶ̫ˣҶûпʲôһоͶˣ
˻ȫûзӦΪλеֵսȫһư磬ҴսӦ켶ֵսûз
Ѿȫ߸˵ۺ֪ȻҲһЩȴĸ֮ûгַǳҵĴսԭֻһƷʵ˵ǳѹʽơ
ʵνǿʩչ׻ӡʩչ˾ûиܲģȻԳƷʱɲǶ֣ȫһ浹ĲҰܣ̸ʲôϵĽ֡
ƷܹôͷȻǺģ
һսƷˣǾƾо棬ʵҲ㹻ˣ
ʱȫţ̨ݣ֮ھһ˻ԼʶǸƽƽĳƷ
ָоֱͺһȫȫĲ˼顣
֮ǰӡ֮еǸƽӹĳƷһˣ⼸ʱ䲻ƷȻɱӵĵز
ٲҲףƷܹ쾳ĸ֣ζʲô˵δǰ;
ƷҲ̫ţ˰ɣѹ֮ǰ̫ˣڿǼ̫ֱС˰ɣ¶ҲЩ˵ȻƷôţƣǾ˵Ҳ˵͹⿴ǲĿǳô
һսֻǻڹء
ڲ֪жôס
ʱڳϵΪ𾪵ģҪ̨Եڵһվˡ
ʵνǿȻܹѹס棬ûйƺѳ׻棬˵Ұˣġ
ǳƷɾˣչ˼ͳμս
ʱвޱȵңԼûвԳƷΧҲĶ뿨һ뷨ûУֻڻ׼Żѡ
̫ˣҪôֱŪһ˶ͻΪĸ󻼣ⱲӶҪСı
ʱڳгƷȶסΣЦһ˵һ͵ˣ
Ʒתͷٻ
ٻ˫ֱ磬һЦſųƷ
ҳϣȷʵС㣬ǹƾֻܹʵǹˣҪ󣬻ԶԶģ
ڴʱƽȻ֪ʲôʱѾɱ˳Ʒĸǰˡ
꣡ʣֱӱһĽââ缲һĳųƷն
ȣƽɾ͸ǿˣأǿһء
쾳磬ÿһضһż
ƾֶΣƷһȻһֻץ˳ȥڳƷ֮ϣһɫ
Ȼ˾ֻˣƷȻһֱֻץ˽âȻҪֿȭĶԿâ
ܣôġ
˾һӦǳƷˣôͽֶԿâ˵ǿҲ已̥ģôܹء
ڣƷҪ߸֮ǰе
Ʒһֻа׵ֱ˽â֮УžͱһһȻֻƷϱһ
ȻȻһץһ˵ĽâȻƷץУȻһһı˵ǰ
ƷĴ־Ǹֽһץ˽âһɽץС
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ˣʵϳ˽óӣˣ
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һץ˽â֮󣬳ƷȻһȻֱһ˦ɢҵĽͻһɽ곯Żƽķϯȥ
ƽҲǴһΪûԼĹȻᱻַʽסˣƷѵǸֽô
ʱ˼Щ콣Ʒһӽס֮󣬳Żûȫɢֱӷ˻
ɺ罣
ƽһֱһ̳嶼ǻһɾ˵ĽƣֱӺɨ˳ȥâ֮ضЩ֮ǰɨĽâĽꡣ
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໥ײ໥ɣһıըѤõ̻һڰը˿
ŸոһȴƷ֪ʲôʱѾɱĸǰ


658 嫺
ʱ򣬻ƽ֮ܵǰָоˣƷĹƼֱͬһһ㶼ûͣЪʱ
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ԻƽһȭƷŲæֱһȭȭһ޴ͷתһУһâ䵽˳Ʒȭͷϣһ˲䱻ˣȭ֮ͳͳɱƬ
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Ʒһ˵
ƽɫ࣬˵һαƷ˽âĻôڳƷһȭֺ˽âԼãԲɺϣƷҲǽҡ
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֮ǰֵǰ㲻һΪʵ̫ˣ෴ģΪƷ̫ǿˡ
ȳƷһĽһߣ嫺ĹҲڵˣǲͬڽսĻƽֳһѳȻһʶ˺˿ǽʯֱܹ˺ѿ
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ǵҲиͺŵľѻǹʹùв٣޹ĻǱȽٵġ
˶һ㣬һ֮󣬲嫺ֻһӶһأΪڸղŵһķľ
Ϊ֪ƷöԸûϳ֣ǰдƽǣƳƷһĻᡣ
ڸղţһԲõĻᣬѾѡˣƽղžѾƵǽǡ
С
ƷʱоԼһɿֲķâˣֱܹ˵ľ񣬺ʣϳ˵ȻڳƷ˵ȴûκô
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ƷһߣʱһϯЩ˻һǽһʸֱӻһǽ䵽˳Ʒǰ
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ֱһ֣һץסһʸڳƷƤĦһĻ𻨣ֱǽײһǱƷεסˡ
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663 âɣе
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ʲôˣˣƷԽԽǿ󣬻ԽԽǿߣıͻγһӴǺƵơ
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664 ȫг
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ƷʩʩȻ̨ȻŸߺ־˵߰ɣ
ʱߺ־ãΪͳƷνͬ㣬Ʒ⻷ٴ󣬶˵ҲֻǵǸͨͨĳƷѡ
Ǽʼĸ֣ѾΪĿųƷˡ
ȻǶԳƷģôڸδֱǲԸƷҲܹǰ;
Ǵûһʱо޿δôǰ
̸ôߺ־ʵ
ˣ̸ĿѾﵽˣƷһЦ˵̸ΪʼڼȻĿѾﵽˣǾûбҪȥˡ
ƷȣͷҲص뿪˻᳡ȻһŸ˵Լ뿪֮󣬱ˡ
ڳƷ֮᳡ըˣը˹һ
˶ڸղŵս֮Уֱ˼飬һε＾̸ᣬμӹ̸֮УߴԵһˡ
ⱾǴѧ֮ǿߵд۵ÿһ̸ᣬһЩǿһʱǴûһǳƷ㡣
һ֮ѧ＾̸ᣬžҲûκβġ
˵Ĭ֮У˽ĻٻĶ֡
ڳƷȻٻɻˣôҲ˵˻ҲͲˡ
ֻһս͵춨˳Ʒϵ
һս֮󣬻ж˸СӵΪ˵ѾһЩеŵĳˣ
ͲʮΪ֮ߣ
ʮѵһľţԲţ
ԳƷʮѵһţÿľŵ˵һһǾԵˣʮѵһѾİˡ
ˣδϣܹͨľ磬ǲľ޵Уľͷ
ڳƷ˻᳡ģҪæѧʱͻȻĸնϽӵһ绰绰ˣȴİְ֣ĳɡ
˳ƷĳҲûж˵ʲôֻ˵Ͻһˣ
ĳôżƷﻹҵæøߺ־żȻѧԼǳһഩֱӷص˾еļС
˼Уŷ֣˸ĸ֮⣬˼ա
ȻǷǳż
Ʒһ͸оղǺܶԡ
ôˣƷɵʵ
ƷһҪܵܰ
ʱæ˵˫ͨ죬ȻǸոտ޹ˣͳƷСʱӡ֮еȫͬ
壬ôˣ
ƷʵѾ׹ôżİлֻǺԼõܳƷйϵ
˵ɣ
ʱ˵ľҲǺܺãû˯ˡ
Ľ֮£Ʒ֪ȷʵĲ࣬õܳƷȷʵйϵ
Ʒȥ˴ѧ֮󣬺̸ܿһΪ˼˼ŮѣҲ㲻ʲô˭֪˼˼ȻһΪڵĵӡ
Ųͬ˼˼ͳƷһǰֱӽ˼˼ֱץߡ
Ʒڵ֪Ϣ֮󣬾ͺԼļһǰָ˵
ȻʧˣҲϵˡ
ںôĵӣ
Ʒüͷһ˵Ҳ֪֮ҲǷǳձ顣
ȻǽŮɣЩţȴ棬Ҳа취
ΪɣûһȷĽ޾ʲôɣа취Щӷӡ
ƼҶ˼һˣǳƷҪ˵ȴʧ٣ʣǴ˷ˡ


665 ǾʹԸ⽻Ϊֹ
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˾ô
Ѿˣ˵ûǰҾҲڿѵĵطѹˣûҵˣ
üͷص˵
ƷҲüѾǰСˣܹܵһеĵطܹһе顣
ÿ궼֪Ҫʧٶ˸Ҳץ˳ƷɣеǵطԲ˽źͼ֮ʵ̫ձˡ
ֻҪץסʹţ͸ûʲô°ġ
ҲҪ˼Ӱ죬ΪһƷɾȥѸ׳죬ҲǷǳʵ飬ͨ˺Ἰ硣
ΪҲûа취ҺҲû취ֻˣ
۾˵㿼ѧˣǼгϢˣûʲôѿ԰ǣǼҿɾƷһ磬ɲⰡ
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ƷҲид¸ĸģ׳ĳΪͳ棬ίҪЦΪ˳ƷɾȻֶ¹
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֪ЩŵֶжģȥˣܳƷɾҲزˡ
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ͨٿƱѧ鱨ţܿͲ鵽ڵһЩϡ
ڣϰʱ䣬֮ǱȽˣģҲȽСֻһСţ뱨ʾҲһ۷ĸְˡ
Ȼͨƽϰ˵ֻСţȻȻĳƷ˵ʲôء
Сʱ֮󣬾Ѿڵ֮Уһ󲿷С͵ţǽĶ֮УѡҰ⣬ȻҰɣҲû˹ͬģΣճ̶ҲǴӡ
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̧ͷȥɽɽƼߣһڱֱʣȻһִĸװǴϿȥȴȫȫĹɫ㡣
ʱʱĻԿɽߣվɽƶЩϰ֮˵ûκӰ졣
ѧƷãţһ
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ǸղŶ䶼ʹôƷЦ˵
Ʒȫ߲ƵģǸʱŭСӣҿɣΪʲôطɵ
Ʒüͷһ˵ҳ˵Ҳ֪ҪʲôȰ֮ǰҵܵܣƷɣ
ǳƷɵĸ磿
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ʵϣǰеصľֻΪѯʣɽʲôûѵô飬Ȼ֪
Ǹ֪һЩĻ֪Ʒȷʵɽ֮󣬾Ҳû
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ǸӷӦ죬ֱӾͷô
ǰ쾯ֵҲѯҲش𣬴ʱܸĿˡ
˵ǸƷɵļҲǵһˣΣ
ڲֻһѡ
ʹһɫ֮׺ݵɫЩƷɵļţûûˣҪúøСһѵ
ú˵úý⣡ƷҲ⼸ɽ໥֮ʹɫʱЦЩ˿˳ƷɣȻҪף޷ˡ
طˣһ㶼ķɷ
ģƷȻҲúȻԸ⽻ˣǾʹԸ⽻Ϊֹ
ϣȣװƣǸѲɽӣʱһǼӾȻΪĬֱӳųƷ˹ȥ
˵ţǸѲɽֱɱʵ⼸֮ȷʵߵģѾ۷Ϊֻ벽ܹ쾳硣
һ֮УҲһˡ
һƽͷϰ˵ҲƥеĴڣƽʱҲŹˣڵͷ˭˲ɵ֣еıԶѾһˡ
ϧƫƫ˳Ʒ
ƷֻЦһ֮âȵ
˵ţƷֱһָ˲͵ǸѲɽӡ
ǸѲɽӶʱһðĸоҲ˵ΪʲôǾһֿµ˼µĸоһͷһ㡣
Ʒһָʵ죬ɲǼ䣬Ѿ㵽ѲɽӵϣκηӦͱӡ

һָУֱڵػһ㣬ؿۿɼĳ̶ȱȥͬߵķһ㵹˳ȥ
عǱƷһָϣֱ䵽˵϶Ҳˡ
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У뼸¶ˡ
ʣµļѲɽҲһӾͱסˣǿƷͺᣬֻʮģΪֻһ֪ߵغСء
֪Ʒ־Ȼ˺Ȼһ˲ѣͽǵͷŵˡ
ȻǶǶһ˵ģĸǻ֪ʲôӲӵġ
֣ܣ
ʱ໥һۣ˱˴֮е˼Ͻܣȥгϡ
ܣʱüôƷЦһֱӵһƳһĽֶζĸ˵˵Щֻǿе˵ȴǰٷС
飡
飡
飡
һײЩ˲Ƭ֮䣬ͳͳƷŵˡ
ֱʬʹţȻûҲش
Ȼûа취ú˵ǾʹɣǷΪֹƷЦſɽϣɽ߶Ǹͷߵ϶Ҳͱڲˡ
ƷףֳưһûõģֻŷȭͷΪǾֻñǸȭͷǷΪֹ



ɽϣһ󼱴ٵƺټڵĵӡ
ɽĻ˲䱻ƣһ󼱴ٵĽŲɽϴ
ڵĵڼϣĹģһ۷ĸ˶ҪĶӡ
Ʒȴͬ£ֻһʹɽӿռ֮ó˾ؽȻֱɽʰϣɽŵķȥ
ʲôˣôĵӣȻôڣ
һȣһȺڵĵ˳Ʒǰ


667 ᴳɽܵ
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Ȼ㲻ʲôرţһǧ˻еģССĵӶޡ
˵ڵĽҲǷֳɽ׶εģһϵĽϾǳѧҵҲˡ
һ˴ѧҵ֮󣬾Ǽֹ˾ϰ࣬־Ҫиһչˣ϶ѡػţӶţţֱֻӲξ顣
Ȼرţǳ˳ʦĵ֮⣬ʱǧӣȻ˶ڣҲ൱ˡ
⻹ڳб޹ݣûʲôΣգ⻹һᣬҲʲôΣ
ǷӳĻǺܿ죬Ͷ˹
ȻҲˣ
Ʒ˵
һȺʮڵĵ·ʲô˼һ
һȺˣƷֻһˣȻ˵
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Ϊ׵һӸ˵
ҲҪ˽˽˵ؽ磬Ҳ
ЩӵϷ׷׶¶˼׺ݵɫ
ȷʵûʱƷôɽţˣ׷

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һӴһЩ˷׷׳ɱ
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ЩɱڵĵӣƷûһ˿һĺ£еľؽɨĽâ
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Ƭ֮䣬ͳͳ˳ȥˡ
ЩɵĵӻһȫŵģǻûзӦͱƷɨУȻ͵˳ȥȫĹͷһͱɨϵĲˣԿ
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ʱǲڷӦ˹һΣڿǵһˡ
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ٵƳ죬ƺƵǧһ
ÿһΪѰˡ
ɽЩȣʵҲ˾޴Ϊ׵ĸһģӣΪܸߣѾ˺صľ硣
󣬻Ŷʮ쾳ĵӣڵ֮еٮٮߡ
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ģӴһ˵
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ʱһָųƷķߵ˵
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ѰҲûӸһ·ɱɽôһ·־شٵӡ
ڿô꣬ҲûмΣ
ߣƷЦ˵һѣֻɫô
˵ʲôǸڵĳŭһųƷ˵
˵һѣҲúǶ˵ץҵֵܣƷɣùԹԽĻͱҲˣ
Ʒ˵
Ǹڳֻɫһ䣬Ϊʱ˳Ʒ˵ľʲôˡ
ǰʱȷʵǿ˳Ʒɵȼˣ鵱ʱڸ߲Ҳ˲Сķ粨ģľ֮УѾǿΪΪĺڰˡ
պܴ
ӡֻǺǸѧļȴҲҲ֤ݣΪѾʹ˽ˣ˭֪ȴһɷǡ


668 򵽵
ҿˣһ£飬ץһѱ¸˶ҪȥΣڵĻҵҪ
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Ǹ֮ǰӶǱѼ鱨ƷҲһѰļͥ
ǴӵܣҲûʲôţ
ǲŸҷĿˣ˭֪ðôһһ
ʲôƷɣûѾ˾ˣܲ˵ģ־ܣ㻹ٳһͷĻǻϣ
ʱڵĳϸ˵
ڤ粻飡
ƷЦһȻڤ粻飬Ǿͱֺˣ
˵꣬ƷȻ޾ڶԷôˣֱӷ˷棬ɲǼ䣬Ƭ֮䣬ѾɱЩڵ֮С
ؽһɽһɨ˳ȥ֮󣬿ֲˡ



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ʱǲܵƷĿֲֻǱͳƷһ𣬶ܹоӱϺɨһɿֲĹһ˲ͱش˳ȥ
ƷؽֱǸһ֮һ·ɨЩֻ΢ɨһ㣬һᱻش
һش֮󣬾Ҳˡ
ƷֻͥŲһ㣬Щڵĵ֮ǵĹ޷Ʒϡ
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쾳ڳ໥һۣȻһȣһǿĽ󣬳ųƷɱ˹

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ǰˣ޳˵޺һֱޱȵĺ˵ǰѾʧȥ塣
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ȻִƼܹɲ̶ͬȵвеĻܹͨĶɾ޴вЩУһմģɱԼ˽¼оһЩҲǫ̃
ղͬļܵĴȻҲǲͬģСȻѾѰ޷Ĵڣ֯ȴǵ׵ġ
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ȥɣȥǸ΢΢ͷ
һǸŵĵӣ˵ĴϣȻôɽţ֮أ
ȻɱɽϣʬţסС
һߣɽϣƷһ·ͥŲһɱϡ
һ·ٵӱƷֱ΢һ³ƷĽŲ
һ·ɱǰ
һֱɱЩڵĵӵҿ
ƷԿ
ֻԶԶĸڳƷ󣬲
ôĵӣȻôڵɽţ
ڶ󣬸ĸ֣꣬˵һߣͬɽХ֮ƳųƷϯ


670 һ
ͬڣһ۷弶ĸ֣ѾĶսȫ
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С군ˣţ
ˣ군ˣ
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ڳƷһѵڵĵӣڿ֮ϲɵ¶ϣĹâ
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Ʒ˵
˽ԿѺҳƷɣڽĻͱҲˣ
ʲôƷɣһ֣ʱüͷһ˵㲻Ҫں־ܣ㻹һͷ
ܺãǲ㽻ˣҾʹǽΪֹ
ƷЦ˵
ϣ
һȻֱӳųƷɱ˹۷ĸγɵǵأֵơ
ȻѾ˲ֹһˣΪһûֵţΨһпֵܿķʽ
Ӷһֻá
ǶڳƷ˵ȴûκô͵ĸ˵ȴûκô
ڤ粻飡
Ʒһоؽˣâֱӻһһɨ˳ȥ
䣡
ƷɨĽâֱɨ˺ɨƣ۷ֵȴһ˲ͱˣƱƣһҲʧӰ١
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ʱڵֻоһƴӸ߸ߵϺɨһ޿ɶ㣬޿ɱܡ
ԭΪƷˣǾһ˲䣬˾͵ƾͱƷ˸ɸɾȻ˲ͱסˡ
ŰһâӴĽơ
죬֣
ʶˣ۵ѧȻһ֡
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һֲ£ؼǳƷͻôСΪµġ
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¡
âը˿ɨˣ

Щڵĵӷ׷׾ȻͿͬڵ۷ĸ֣һ˲Ѫ˳ȥ
֣ȴƷһжӲ
˵֮ǰ˵ƷֻǺǿĻôڣƺˣƷжôǿơ
죬֣
Ժ֮жһðôͷܹ˲ش۷ĸ֣ʵȻҲǿĵز
һ֣֮
ʱ˲һֵһĸо֮ǰûвƷʵʱǻûоʲô˳Ʒʵ˶ˡ
һֵĿ£Ѿȫʾˣһ˾һţ˶ڳƷǰѾûκˡ
Ͳˣ˶ҲͲˣӱ˵ûκ
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³һѪղųƷһ˴󲿷ֵĽâȻĹģҲġ
˵ɣҵܵڱǹѺ
Ʒ˵
Ҳ֪ʲôܵܣˣѾˣȵˣ군ˣҲ߲ˣ
ҧأʲôҲ˵һ˵˵ʲôô᲻롣
Ǹʱ򣬾Ѻʣ๼ˡ
ԣ㲻к³ģ
ǼҲ׷״˵
ǻڤ粻ˣƷ˵˵ţеľؽȻһӣһɨ˲ͽһֱ¡
ͣ
Ѫ
Ȼ̾ͿƼֹѪɫҲһ˲ҰˣٿƷ֮Уޱȵľһ˿־塣
Ʒ˵־Ͷ֣ûһΪµġ

ڵĵӾһٿƷʱֻڿһħһ
ɣȻĻҪܿ࣡
Ʒ˵
ƷԼΪΪΪΪõӦģԲŹģһҰףȴҧסأΪ֪ʱԲ˵ʲôĻˡ
֮ǰûץ˼۵СӣȻֳܹô顣
飿ǻΪû취ôƷĿ˵أһӡһָ֮мȻֱûϡ
ղŻһģ˲Ͳҽش


671 ԭί޷
˶Ŀ֮ǰĴ˶ܹµҪŵֻҪϵˣǳƷ군ˣڶ֮УƷҲɱˡ
ֱ۱նҲʲôΪڵĿƼַٳã־ûУҲڵ
һеĹؼǲܳĿˣ
˿Ʒ֮żЦΪʲôᣬǷᣬƷв϶Ҫۡ
˳Ʒһ˲۵شȫһð亹֮ǰеļǿҲһǰװȫ߱
˶˼Ŀ˳Ʒ֪ʩչʲôֶΡ
ΨгƷԼʩչһֵʼ֮еĶѶļɣڳŴ֮Уֶŵʼɷǳࡣ
ΪǸʱչ˼Ի͵ĵزܶ²־ᶨ֣һ̷˵ûκô
ǳƤңΨ㲻
ûʼɣѴǿеõ鱨
Ʒʩչ֣ܹǱÿһ񾭵ڣȫޱȵʹ־ᶨҲ޷ֶá
һиѶɣֱܹ棬ʹڸոշչִƼܹĵġ
ֻƬ֮䣬ȫ¾Ѿȫȫʪ͸ˡ
˵
ǼһСʱ䣬ѾҲֲסˣҲԭǰʮ㣬ǳ׵׵͸һ
ͺ̵ܶʱڣѾ͸֧ȫһ
ٿƷʱֻÿֲ
־εȼᶨˣȻֻô̵ʱѾ׽еͶˣȫô̵ʱ˶ʹĥ
ⶼǳƷģ
ܺãƷ˵ͷȻֹʹʶʱΪܣ˭ȥǴ
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Ʒڵ˵
ʱѾеĽʱѾ˵ˣֻԱߵĳϿڸƷ͡
Ǹϸһ˿һȫͬһȫ˳
ܶڵĵҲǲ֪ΪʲôǵƷôһɱ
ְ
С˵κһֶܹģ֪ƷɱôһɽĻôҲѡֵġ
Ʒ˳ϵĽ֪ͣԭеһ˼˼кܴĹϵ
˼˼еĵӣ˴ѧ֮ȥ˴ѧʶ˳Ʒɣ˺ܿ׹˰ӡ
ֻ֮飬ûйϵ˼˼ȴںһΪڵ֮ӿˡ
ѧУʱûܹƷɣ߳ŭ֮£ʩѹ
ڿǴѾ۷ĸ֣ȻҪܹܵ˵ġ
ҲڴߣͶǡ
Ժܿ;˽˼˼ڵ
鵽Ҳͽˣ˭֪ڵŭ֮ǰƷɸ裬ǵҪ˼˼ҪڽƷץʱƾá
Բ˳Ʒʧ٣ڿµ顣
ҪȻЩԥܿѾ˾ȣƷɸǴӶյϢֻһͨ˼ҵͨѧѡ
֮ʵ̫̫ˣҲˣһʱܹ֮ƽ
ȻðտˣȻ˭Ҳû뵽ǣǵ鱨ֻ֮ͨ˼ҵĳ֮оȻðôһǿ֮֡
ǳƷɵĸ磡
һߵһ壡
ʱһֻڲĸоᱧڵĴȣ˭֪Ȼߵ壬ȶҪ߶ˡ
޷죡
Ʒ˵Ȼˣأ
˻ûбߣһˣ˵
Ȼڣʱѱˣ˼ڵ飬Ƚɱ˵
û˱Ƕ̶̵ʱ׸ܵ˶µĥ
ˣˣڵǿн߳ȥˣʱһ˹˵
ʲôµӣ޲ɫ䣬û뵽ʱȻӵ⡣
ĸˣƷ˵
Ǳߣ
ǸָһֻƷһΣһһʧԭء


672 һѹһ
ƷӰʧڴǰ֮һ
ʱǲ໥ӱ˴˵֮У֮ɫһѹȫɵ飬ֻڴ˵
ǶһĴ˵Ȼȴǵǰһˡ
ʱЩڵĵӲˣһֶһ˵Ϊʲô˵Ҫ
һ֣ѹһûСš
Ȼ鷳ԶԶֻˣƷһѹȫ澡ʧǱƷʳ˳Ʒɵ䡣
ҲΪã෴ģֻ鷳ˣһء
һжǵģǺһ˲ʮһ
ڵĻҵ⵽һεıʣֻҪ⵽شˣ
Ҳ鵽ˣ˻ѧϯѧɽׯ콾뿨ʷӵߣȥ۵Ĺھ
ʱڵĵڸ֮ǰƷҽܣ鵽ϡ
һͷΣЩڵĵӸǷ׷׵һ׷һּҪʹȥĸо
⵽ʲôһﰡ
֮ǰڳƷҲû̫ĸоǹʱ󲿷˭ȥĽĸ߿״Ԫ˭أضѧȦ֮⣬󲿷ֵĳȫĮĵġ
Ͼÿ궼һθ߿ÿζᵮһ߿״Ԫһѵš
еѾʮεĸ߿Ѿľˡ
Įȴǲ֪ЩͷξζʲôֻеһѾųƷδǰ;
ǴǴ̣ǴӾ߿һţƷǼ޷Ĵڡ
˵֮ǰһҪ˵뷨Ļôڣ뷨Ѿʧˡ
Цһ˵ĻǻԷϵȥǽǳƷѧѧݾѾıɡˡ
ѧȻڲһĴڣһ쵼ʦڡ
Ǹǻǻ㲻ǾȻ
˭뵽ǸƷɾȻĸ磡
ˣˣһѹˣ
£һִýĸо
һѹһɣ
ʱƷ˳ǸָķӶȥ
Ƭ֮䣬ֱ׷˳ǹأΪڱеıԵԺܿͳ˹سǡ
˱еĳǽ֮󣬳ƷܿͿһɳڿտҰͣȻӳϾһȺˣΪ׵һĸߴߡ
ڵ͡
ǸżŮǵĸ⼸ŮΪ׵ǸˣȴǳƷ˭ء
ֻǳƷɴʱȻϲû˿ڣֻ⼸챻Ѻеˡ
ʵ㣡ǸƲһЩŮȻ󿪿˵ȻоԵţҲԸ֦
ƷɵҲǳĬ⼸ļ˺֮ܶǰΪķܹܵõÿطʵȴףҲйܲĵط
ԶԶĻҪӺڰĶˡ
ǲɣ
ʱһŮ̲ס
ҲҪҲҪ
һŮҡͷ˵
ȻҪӼǿһЩǴʱҲѾľ֮С
ĻһСˣȻҺŮˣƲһ۳Ʒɡ
Ůû˾;ýˣʵϣǻǿܻ
ûйϵҪɱˣҲֻһѣ
Ʒҧ˵Ѿ·ӣǿ϶ҪˣİŮֱץˣʱѾңԸЩͬԼĺһͬ
ߺߣɲҾѾõϢǰˣʱǵһԿɾ
ֻĮ˵ҲΪʲôҪСϾһ޹ؽҪСආѡ
ȻҲֻˡ
˸Ǹо
ùԹʵһ㣬ϴ·Ȳǣ
Ц˵ĽҰģʬ׶ҲҲԸ˷ҲòҪң
أȴоһ˵ϢӶ
Ȼһӽ˾״̬תͷһȴһ걳һھ޽ԶӶ
Լˣ
һʱжϣȫϢһȫʱ׼֡
Ƭ̼Ĺһ˾Ѿɱ̤µĲʵ죬Ծ˵ٶ׷һˡ


673 ֣˭أ
Ƭ֮ĹȫֵĳƷѾһˡ
ڸˣ
׷֮󣬳Ʒ΢֮󣬾Ѿƽ˺ˣʼսĻָ˸쾡¡
磡
ԭѾ׾ĳƷɵ˳Ʒֵʱ˵֮¶ŵ飬Ǿϲ顣
ƺû뵽ƷȻɣ
ԭѾ׾˵֮УֿʼϣĹâ
ԭѾˣһڽˣȴû뵽Լ˵ʱ򣬳Ʒȴˡ
׷ˣҪȻһ֪Ҫôأ
ƷųƷɣЦЦ˵
ͳƷԭĹϵȻҲ㲻жǢڳƷѾԭȦӣٿҲһȺСӵ֮ˡ
ǳ죬ƷƷֵܶͬһģ·Ҳ໥Ͼ
Ʒĸף⼸һֱҧӲŶûп޹ĳƷɲɵۿһ졣
漴æ˵磬ߣϼһ֣㲻Ķ֣ϽߣԺұ𣡡
ƷȻҲ֪ϵʵ֣ĸ־ͻǷ˼ǲܹ˵ôڡ
ڲҪߣδҲе̫ˣ
Цһ˵
·㲻ߣ㴳
Ц˵
ȻƷʵϢϻܹóƷƷҪǿ̫ˣδ̫ĲȷԣȻ˻ͳ罫նɱ
ƫƧĻĮ֮ϣҲˣûа취׷ʲô
ȻˣǾͱˣ
ʱһȫϢһ˲ͷ˳쾳һ˲䣬ն
Ʒɵ˷·ػһһӸܵ˿ֲƵѹƣ֮ԻԹԵĸߣûжΪ֮ǰʩչ쾳ơ
ƾƾܹѹЩ쾳綼ѧ
Ȼȴ㵵ķ֣Ʒ޶ԣ֮γɵƶڳƷ˵һӰ춼ûС
ѹ˺޼ɣԭ֣Ʒɫ˵
ڳƷߣοģϾȻѾһЦĶԹȵһǣʣܲġ
ֵĻ˭ֲأ
Ʒ䣬ϣһɿϢһ˲ͷ˳һ˲ƷƳһ˲ͽͷųƳ䡣
ϵɫҲȻˣ֣ƷȻҲ֣ҹƾƷͷųϢͿԸоĳƷʵӦûصĴ֮ϡ
ȫ޷ţƷŶ꣬ʮӣȻѾ쾳ˡ
˵ԭֻǵԭƷδвĻôڿ˵ղŵĵδƷܴвһӴڡ
֮˼ɱ⣬˲ãһˣҪնݳ
⡭ƷɣȻ֣ǼŮҲͻı仯ɵˡ
֣Щͨƽ˵ֱ񻰴˵һĴڣƽʱܼ궼δܹлһΣϣʵûм
һƷɵĸ翴ͺǲ࣬ȴ켶ĸ֡
Ѿ׵߸ǵ֪ǴѧУҲֻǺ۷Ĵڣء
ƷɵĸȻǴѧУҪôܡ
⡭Ҳ֪
Ʒɾ͸ǿЦˣ֮ޱȵľ˲ֻ֪ڳƷʵڳƷĳɳٶȡ
Ҫ֪ǰƷΪܲܿưգǺƷȴһͬһٶǵư࣬صࡣ
һʰȻѧҲпûˣô̵ʱ֮УƷȻ쾳硣
ʣֱһ漣
ڳƷ֮󣬼˶ڳƷۣǿˣǼǿˣҲû˵˭찡
쾳磬ȷƷ֮ǰ϶Ļ϶ŵģֻóƷ϶֮ǰʵ
ôǲࣿ˵ʵѾʮ࣬ʮˣֻǿȽۣһѧƷ˵ǻȽܹܡ
˭֪ƷҡҡͷȻ˵һ󣡡
ٿƷʱѾױˡ



674 ɱ
ͬͣȻȴѾ쾳ĸˣѾǵ߸۵񻰴˵ˡ
ǵѧУ֮Уôܹ꣬;Ϳ쾳ĶǺܶ࣬Щ˺쾳ѧѾΪѧУ֮еĽܳУѣѧУ֮׹һĴڡ
˵ͬ䣬ܹ쾳ĴڣǾѾ˵׹ˣһ񻰴˵
ʵֵĴ˵Ȼȴʵǵǰ
ǵĲȻ֪ѧƷҲûȴ֪ƷɵֱҪţˡ
ƷҲܵ˵Ŀ⣬ԼҲޱأҲš
֪ڵĳƷ˵ҲԶԶˡ
ȻʵҲǿľͿ˺쾳磬֪Χ֮ڵģƷĴȫȫļ̤ۡ
𾪹ޱȵļһˣǶʱ򣬳Ʒһϣ֮⣬ǵǰ
һ֮˹ǲףʲô֮дֲ
̫ˣоˣ
ǲˣ
ʱϵȴޱȵأʱĳƷƾƾͶ˾޴ѹȣҪܳƷǸ顣
ðֱֱֱ֪ٴˡ
Ψһܹģʱ䣬ӵǰ
뵽־ʱᶨղҲ˳ƷɵĻǶʮҵ쾳磬һɳڵĻҵŻһ
ҪҲãҲãҪܹɳźҲһͨʬǶѡ
̣
뵽ϵƶʱͷ˳ڳƷƸײ
һ˲䣬˲ˣֱӳһޣ޺ɨһһ㣬ϣһӺƻȼһųƷŶȥ
ΪǿȻѾ˳ƷʵҪ֮ϣôȻȻ
Сģ
ƷҲһޣֱӽ˷飬Ȼһӻһ˳˷ɢ˿
ֳ֣ȻǶˣƷֻüϳ֣Ͳ㱻ɨˡ
ѣǶѾˡ
ޱȵ֮ʣƷȴҵķ籩֮˳һֻץסһޡ
ֻӵֶôƷһһǸϣ̶ֳֻȵĻɱң»ǲģ
Ҳ֮еɱ⣬޲ýʬΡ
ֻоͷҪ亹ˣƷ̫ˣôеһ޶޷ӳƷг
и𾪣ޱȵ𺳣һ޵ԼǳǽҲĳ޺ɨ֮±ɨƬ
ƷȻֵķǵûжܣһץס˳ޣ־ȻûбֱӳϣѾǳ֤ˡ
ƷȻлҪǿѲ
ųƷһ˹Ǹ¶˼Ʋߵóѵı顣
һ˲䣬ȾͺƷĵһųƷͷ­ɨ˹ȥ
֮ǰһ޲ֻ۷ѣɱС
˽ˣصȷȱ޷Ӿˣصĵơ
صĵƣҲ֪ˡ
֪ԭҪǿǿбôһ£﷭ˡ
һϴ֮ȻγһֺƵ֮ƣ֮ϣųƷϯȥ
أ
һǺ谭ľͺ˳Ʒϡ
ϸոЦݾȻһסˡ
ΪһȾȻƷסˣ
ֵȫһжôĿֲ쾳֮Ҳǿ󣬵ǺɨһҲȹʱڵɨˡ
̺漣֮
мᱻֱһȴݻ١
һ䵽˳Ʒϣ΢ҡһ¶ͺһ
Ϊµģ
ԭĵƣϧˣһδ죬ֹܶвοһ죡ƷЦһأȻ֣һֻа׵ֱӴ͸˿ȻһӾץסϵĲ
ͼֹǸסôľ˵ȷķΧͬģҲǳƷķΧ
ֻһѣץסϵĲԽԽһ˲ʧȥս
ɱ
Ȼɱһ֣
Ʒɺͬѧȫ𾪵ĿǰһĻ


675 ˵ĳ
ѹʽĻܣǸγ֣޷ƷֺǳƷһ֣˲乿סϡ
˫֮һĿȻ
Ʒ֮ǿӹɣֻױɱϾ֪ˡ
𣡡
ϱסӣƷСһֻоޱȵ衣
ȫǱһֲ
ƷĴֺһ
ʱһŭȫ˳γ˿µ˳ųƷϯ˹ͼƷɳȥ
Ʒǿ˵˫Ŵأ̩ɽ
ȻƷˣָۻһĵ㵽ϵϡ
һȫʧȥ˷ӦеһͷޱػԼӵһ
ѨƷɵ˿һĻʱǰһһС˵еĵѨȻִչҲ̽ѰѨֻ֤֮޻̸֮
Ϊִ߲ͬС˵ָȥˡ
С˵и֣һʼڹģܹģ⹦Ҳֻһֵ˵ƣȵȵȡ
Ĳ˵һ˻ûʲôģǶֱһһǻᱻ
Ȼִȴ֮ͬ·ʼǶĴԽǸǿĸֶĿƾԽǵǷ켫쾳Ķ˵ĿҲͬﵽ˵Ƿ켫ĵز
ҪõѨַסˣǸ飬ڵӲôܻᱻѨַס
ԳƷһֲŻ𾪡
ǲ֪ǣƷַɲС˵еĵѨһַӡַȻֻǱȽϳķӡַЧҲһġ
ôܣ
ϸоԼȫѪǱһסˣڸоԡ
ڲŹģ
þ˻˵
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ƷЦһȻһȷʵǿĿ£˵ҺͻƼҶѾԥĵˣοһء
Ѿ̱һ֮󣬳Ʒ˳Ʒɵˡ
ƷɵЩͬѧƷʱ֮дޱȵ𺳡
ʵ̫ˣôڳƷȴʲô
һ˵ֻڴţǳƷղһʵסǡ
磬ղǸϼһ˵һ»ڵȻǻ߰ɣ
Ʒɶ˶٣ȻųƷ˵
Ʒüͷ΢Ƭ̣˵ãɳڣڣҲҷ
磬أƷɿʵ
ߴһЩβǽһЩ󻼣Ʒ˵
֪ƷҪϺ󣬳ƷޱȵĸжܵʲôѪŨˮ
Ȼȥɣ
Ʒɶ˶٣Ȼҧ˵
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Ʒһ£˵
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뿪֮տԭҰϣҲֻʣ˳ƷƷֵܣǸѾ̱˵ϵˡ
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680 壬Һ
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681 ѧϴ
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ʱ˲Ȼһӷˣ̶̵һʱ֮УƷȻѾô飬ʦսھ۵ھĩ˹ھ˵Ʒ˸߿״Ԫ֮⣬õ
ѾԶԶĽͬˤ󣬿˵ڵΪѾȽϾսˡ
ǿܹͻϴƣֻΪ̫ˣѣʵϳƷҲȷʵ߹˸ߵ¶ǶҲȻġ
һǰƷ뽭Լս
Ǹʱ˶ΪƷʧķˣȻʱƷѾǵʦսĹھѧڱȽܵעѧǺͽ֮ĲȫλģһĴ
ʱ˶óƷķˣѾˣôսһȫѰ·
ȻڿƷȴδ˵󻰣Ҳʧķ裬ȷʵı¡
ǲһʱ䣬ƷѾɳ뽭ͬĲ֮ϡ
˶ĿҲŲǸոտʼѣʼҲɳΪѧѡ֯ѡΪ˶óƷȽһ㡣
ǽѾǴˣƷǴѡ
Ҳ˵Ʒܹͳѧ꣬ǵģͳΣۣҲ˾ʲôԡ
ʱ֮УʣʼΪҫ۵֯
û˽ѹƣƷ»ﵽĳ̶ȣԭΪѧֻҪβˡ
ѧյȻҲвģǱƷ̫Զˡ
ѧ̳ϸָķ۵ӲԴԴϣѸٳѧУɢȥ
ƷͷѾǾУȦжʼ˾޴Ӱ졣
ƷʦֵܣʱȻɡ
ƷҴҶ飬˵һ仰ƷֿʼҴұչˡ
ԭڳƷЩĶʱҲֵľ壬˵ʦһ̶ұģһҪѧϰźòʦֵ
ʱɳȴǿ˸նϵʾȴƷ˵֮󣬾ͿʼչˣǱչصĵطѰ
ǵļģּΪӵȻ㲻൱߱˸ն֮أҲǽԴĵ֮ΪһԴι۵ʱ򣬾˵㻨ٶڲڽɣѧ֮УҲΪ֮һ
ǲȥģսԴ˵ǽȥֻ·һҲûȨޡ
û뵽ƷȻطչء


682 ͷ磬ĥ
ɳľҲ˶ʦʦõע⣬Ҳ׷׵ڵͷ
ƷҲû趨ΣǻܹƷ߽˼С
ȻûȨʹȴǲ֪һʲôط
Ƕʮ־ȣΪսԴ˵ǽ˼ĻôҲֻһǾ
ƷȻܽȥ
ʱһ伫УƷƽ׵롣
Ҳ֮ǰ˽Դ֪֮ôһĴڡ
ķʽŽɵģĺҲóƷէࡣ
ĴҪأֵͷûɵġ
ĻҲһȻҪһʱ䣬ʱ̫ˣ󲿷ֵʽ𶼻ԼϣǮҲǺܶࡣ
һ֮Ȼͨնˣ˼֮еĻء
ɲǼ䣬ԭƵļʹ˷һɹɵĿ硣
ԽԽ󣬼һ˲䣬ذɳʯ
ӳȻѡ˶ͷģʽʱͨƵһеɳҲǳզࡣ
ܹģּΪӵȻȻҲдĻִĻȴѰִ硣
ԳƷʵѰʲô磬쫷磬ȫ޾壬˫ȴأ̸ͬ޷
Ժᴩ쫷綼ΣգϾǳˡ
ЩȶӵĻȴֶͬͷģʽķֱǸֵһһСģͷᱻϡ
Ǻ켶ĸֶױƤ˲ͱֽ⣡
Ƭ̼Ĺ򣬴ĿѾڱһˣһռ䶼Ť˵ĸо
Ʒ˲䱻ûС
еĳƷ˲͸оϣ˺Լ
ͷ磡
ֲֿķϯҪĲŤϣֲֿķȷʵֲܹ˺һС
ܹоԼļһӾͱ˺ѿһһĿӣѪ˲罦
ԳƷ˻ʼսһƤΪһӱ˺˿֪жôĿֲǺ쾳Ļֻ»һӾͱ˺ѳƬ
ҲΪʲôԴ￪Ÿɳ˵ԭ򣬾Ϊ֪ɳ˸޷ܵסһûע⣬ͿɲҾ硣
ƽʱǽԴԼչĵطǿȵġ
ƷĿҲóƷĻʼսԭĵһƤͻƵڶ⣬ĻĻʼսٶ֮ʵҲһͻͽĽ
뵽ڶʱΪٽһð취ϾոͻƵ쾳磬ҪڽһͻƵأѶҲ̫һЩ
Ļʼս嵽쾳֮Ҳڿڶ׶εˡ
ͣ
ͣ
ͣ
ƷһһıѿûѪĿҲ˵Ƿ켫ĵزѿһ˲Ϳס˸ļ⣬Ѫ
ǼˣʱĳƷȫ¶Ǹѷ˿ڿɿֲޱȡ
ʱڵڣɳ˿żȻڱߣֵֻĿվгſŰĳƷ
ܹܵõĿֲ
׷׶һڿˮǵĻô»˲ͱ˺ѳƬˡ
ʦӲʲôɣһѧõĵʵ
ҲǴʱףΪʲôᱻӵѵȷʵ޵ģ治һܹܵġ
Ӧû⣬ӳ²ô³ç϶µģ
ɳҡҡͷ˵ֻȻô˵֮Ҳмֵġ
Ϊּļĥܹȵ˵á
һСʱһɿڼˣɳҲڿ˳ƷʱĳƷޱȵĿֲȫܲĸָѿڣȫÿһļ˺ѿжôĿ¡
ƫƫȴûκһѪʳƷĿҲﵽѰĵز
ȫҲûһ⣡
ʱ򣬳ƷһһӡĳһԵĸ߼˽ȥ
Ǵ˲֮󣬳Ʒкܿ죬ͱɫӪҺûС
Ʋ֣ÿһƣ붼ҪķѰϵʽ𣬵ȴҲֵҽԺڶ޷ƺõļƶƲƺá
ҽƿƼĸ߾豸
һ̨豸Ҫķʮϵʽ
û¾ͺãû¾ͺãɳĿɿڴ֮࣬׷һ


683 һ£
ʱƷƲ֮нƣȫ¶ҽƵˣټʼսǿһε˿ڿ࣬ȴرֲ
в
һƣƷһܹоԼʼսĳ̶ּˣ̶ֳֻȵļڳƷ˵е̫ˡ
ҪӴĥѶȣʱ̫٣˵Ŀǰٵһĺڣٸ꣬ԲּĥķɾԼĻʼս塣
ֻĻҪɻʼսĵڶ㣬Ҫһʱпܡ
ǡǡȱʱ䣡
˰СʱңƷϵѾȫתˣָֻ۷壬ƲֲҽƿƼĽᾧǳķֿݡ
ֻ۸ˣЩԴԶãǻ϶ҪԼѣϾʦҲ޶ȵΪѧṩԴĻʦԼ͸õһƲˡ
ƺ֮󣬳ƷͶ˼ĥ֮Уɳû뵽ǣƷȻּӴĥѶȣǶͷһΡ
ʱеĳƷͲͬԭվƾ紵ˣֱӶˣڿ֮ƴԶԶȥýݣ·ںʲô޲һ
ͷŽһ֪ʲôޣΪͷһ֮һɹɴĿ֮УѾȫΪ˷е磬ַмΪ£ԼٶڰɨǽҪն
ǶͷΪκηĻַдֱܽ˶ͷնϡ
ԳƷϵϴںЩп⡣
ֻЩ̫ˣƷһȭһ̹˶ܺˣЩϣȻбһȭɢȻҲ˺ѳһ޴˿ڣɼǡ
޵ĥһСģ֮ص³
˸ǿĿɿڴȫȫţʲô޵ĥǶδţδ
֮ǰɳѵǵʱЩַǾѾʮֵʹˣǺͳƷּ˵ĥȣǸС׼ˡ
һĴڡ
춼ǷУǽȥ㲻ǿ˺ѣҲ㲻ķУƷַӾͻᱻзʬ
ȻƷȴܹܷУзʬɼƷǿȾˣһһпܼķеڶȥ
Ϊ̫춼ǣƷٶٿҲܻеķУԷеĿ£ƷҲȫȻֱ۶ܱնϣֻǶ󲿷ֵķУֻʵڶ㲻ʱŻӲƴ
ڶɳ˵УҲѾʮֿˣܹõĳ̶ȡ
ƷܹôţȻ˵֮棬˳Ʒǲ֪Լ̫ˡ
ˣȻӳûʲô飬Ǿͼɣɳ˵ߺע˻Ʒ֪Ҫչضãܲһֱȥɡȥ۵ᣬӳ˹ھ۵ᣬϣǲҪӳ͵ʦˣ㣬ҲָܹڣҲҪǰǿ˷Ųʦϣ
ˣһģ˵Ȼ԰Ҳ֪ԼĽѧ֮окܶ޷ԿĴڣ˵ѧУҲͬǸˡ
ΪףԳƷŻΪеżܹϮ˶õ£ȡ۵ĹھѧһǣⱾͲѰܹġ
ɳҲָѵ֮һƽ֮С
һתۣһµʱҴҶڽԴĵһƬƽ˾
Ƕѧ֮˵Ʒٻ𺳣ڳķ͵С
εʵ̫ˣΪһѧ＾̸ˣ̸Ϊҫ۵ĴڣڣȴƷȫȥ˹â
ԼǱƷȫܣΪóƷĵʯ
һνǷӿڳƷŲ£ʼҲͳ˹עĿꡣ
СϢ˵Ʒ֮ٻƢҲ仵˺ܶ࣬ĪķԵ˶
СϢǼ٣ٻҰ֮϶̫ãҰĲҪսΪȫУһȻȴһûϵĺ󱲻ܣǵûгΪȫУһǻһλΪȫУ
ĳЩӢȦ˵һµʱȥɽׯ˵ٵҪˡ
Ҳʱ򣬳Ʒˡ


684 ʵ
һµʱ֮󣬳Ʒڳˡ
һ¼ǵһĿƷڳˡ
һӣƷԼЩ˼飬Լܹ
ʼս̣˵һµĥûмɡ
־ǿҲûôƷ;ζҪȥÿҪιȥʱԺ֮еһöͻɢһƵסڵȥ
⼫֮Уһȥܾ
ҲΪʲôһ˽ȥԭһҲ
ǽԴĶ֣˵ͨ죬ϵ
ΪǸ߿Ƽ豸ֲʲôŴżԼһ̽һѰҾͿҵõġ
ڣһµУĻʼսѾɹ˵ڶĽ׶Ρ
ƷڱըԵǿһײĸоǳԣÿһϸж̺ǿĸо
óƷһֿһȭһɽĸо
һµУƷֱǷ˽ԴʮԪľ޶Ƿ
һµǷµģһµУƷԼ֪жٴδڼȵΣյУʼսĳ̶ȣȻαԽԽǿĶͷŪöֶȣһԴɳȥˡ
ΪΣյһΣǾһľִҽƿƼȷʵȽϻʼսǿ󷽲
һδε֮ÿһشٻָһ̥һı仯
ԭҪʱһһȥĥڶ̶һµʱ֮Уɱ䡣
ȻҲǼģһµʱ䣬ʮԪĸҽԴ
Դĵ֮УνǸԴ뱸õĸֵҩҲǲĸֹӦҽƲҲ㶯á
ȻЩҪƷǮģֻһ¾ͺķʮԪ֪ƷױٴٴΡ
ڣЩ˳ɹĻʼսһͻƵĲΣȵĴﵽһ۷壬ҪǣƾεĻʼս壬ƷսһͻƵصĵز
˵ѰضȫĶ֣һǰǿ
ɽׯˣ
Ʒ˵콾뿨콾뿨֮ôᣬԭ˻Щ뿨콾ǣָͻơ
ʱ䣬ͻƣߺߣҵҪǲǳͷۣ
ƷһĨЦ
ڲԶɳϴż־ηɫųƷ
ǰֻΪƷʵǿǲŶԳƷηмӣȴͬˣΪǼʶʲôгƷŰʽʽ
Ǿܲ˵ʽǳƷȴˡ
Ʒʢ⣬ΪԺͽһϸµȷʵԭ򣬲˵ġ
ԼݵˣΪվĴ
֮󣬳Ʒһ飬̾ǰɽׯǽ˵֮е
Ȼõɽׯ뿨ȥ˺٣ǼȻǺ٣Ǿ͸񣬷ֹȥԵúʧô
Ʒҿ϶ʱó񣬿϶ܹ⡣
Ʒɳ˸𣬶Լֱɽׯ
͸һ·˲ٷޣܵ˵оյɽׯĻ֮С
Ȼɽׯʱ򣬲ֻһɽׯĹģǾ˽ҲͳΪһӵ˿ڵĳˡ
еĺģȻ罨ɽׯҲеľ˵ڵء
ɽׯڳɽϡ
ɽƲ̫ߣȴһΡƣʱɽ¶͸һϲķΧ
ɽ£ȴһƬɱķΧһ죬Ӹߣɽµļɽ·εĶĸֱ͡
˴٣ǰٵĻʿҲһͷ
סɽׯͷҲǰ٣ֻǼˣֻڱԺˮϯ
ܹסɽׯͷҲǺɽׯиֹϵ͹ϸ֮ˡ
ǿЩǿĶǣʱɻ
Щ˾˭ɻ˵ЩҲ̫˵ɣҲʲôطô˷
ǵһٰɣҲϴͳˣЩɷӣʵΪܹõ뿨ȥأ
˳˵
ʲô뺯ôã
콾


685 ·һնɱ
콾ʲôܶ˲Ǻ˽⣬Ϊ콾ҲֻһȦĶѡ
ֻ콾һ뿨ûоҪһ˭˭˾˭ˣ
أ
뿨ס콾Ҳֻһͽ֮ˣ
ܶףЩɷΪʲô˴ٵʱԭɽׯĬġ
ȻΪ˱콾ĺΪɽׯܹѼܶ鱨Ҳ©ġ
ͨķʽѡ˵ĺȻǷǳб֤ġ
ҲѹôƴˣֻҪ콾뿨ͿԵõ˵ָ㣬ǿͨǿ߰ٶͻһ磬Щ콾˵ʡ¶ʱ䣡
·˸ĽЩܹҲΪͺɽׯЩϸ𣬵Ҳֻ·˶ѣļˣ˵õ˵ָˡ
۷׷׵ʱһһѴ󽣵ĺ˴˹
ڵˣƷŲ̫ߣȴʮֵΰɽɽ
ʵɽɽڲѾڿˣڲӴĿռ䱻һ޴ޱȵĻأҲɽׯĺڡ
ɽϵɽׯѾռؼΪˡ
ƷȴɽɽԼԼһƬ֮С
󷨾ȻɽĴֱҲȷʵˡ
ɵ˹ɽׯͺܶඥһɽׯڰٶǰҲֻǺͨһƽ񣬺ɽУõɽ֮еһŴɵżУӴһʰ
ûöþͽɽׯɽׯҲʵϵĳɳ
̵УҲûׯΣǺɽׯԴ󷨸赲סˣΪɽׯӮΪʱ䡣
Ҳкֲܶ²⣬Ҳкܶ汾ѧٿȴȷļأɽеģӦɽǸżġ
ȻּĻϣһѧѿԿõģҪõѧĻֲſԻõġ
ƷҲ֮ǰɽׯϵʱһ鵽ģһȻĺôˡ
ƷһŶûУ֪ɽׯʲô֢ܶҩ
δɽͱ˸
һȺĸߴ߽Ʒ
ǳƷΪ׵һĶųƷ˵
Ʒ֪϶ǳԼġ
ɽׯŵ·±ɽׯԸôҲֻһֿˣǳ콾뿨ġ
Щ˻Ǻƣ֪ܳƷ㵽ĶȥҪ϶ҪģֻҪʱ̽ƷˣôһܹһĽṹ
Ʒһ·ģ
ǵ㲻Ҫ֪ٺ٣ں˸߼ۣҪһ콾뿨ֻҪ㽻ǿԲΪ㣬Ļֻ²뿪ˣ
ǸΪ׵ЦЦɢһ׺Ϣһǲ֮
ȻҲкֵܶͽ
һ뿨ֵǮƷЦһͷ¶β֮һսĵӶûô
ƷҪϻϽ뿨ȻĻͱҲˣʱҪȱ˸첲ȣǾͱûǰ˵ˣ
Ϊ׵ĺиָ˵
ȻˣǾǰЩˣĳ棬Ӱɪɪҳ£ǻòͷˣƷЦһеȷʵкܶĸΪõ߶ͽʲô鶼ó
Щ֮ͽҲ֮ͨ£Ҳɽׯĳиôҡڵĳ֣ȡ֮ܿͻеפǰΧˡ
ЩеĸֶʱԴŭŭɶǿóƷ̬ȡ
ϣǸΪ׵ĺиִһȫֵһͷ˳¾˵ѪϢͷų˷·ܹŵѪζ
ͣ
Ȼδ䣬һâɨֱûĺС
һĨѪ˳أԵɴ۾ȫû뵽ƷһԲϣ˵־Ͷ֡
켶ĸְʵжڱȽǿһˡ
סƷһ
ôܣ
챻ɱδסЩеĸ֣෴ģǵŭ𣬷׷׳ųƷɱ˹
Щ켶ôסƷЩ·˻δӦֻһۻҵĽ֮ʮиȫ׷롣


686 һд򲻹㣬Զ
Ƭ֮䣬ѾʬһƬˡ
Щ·˶Ѿ׾ˣȫȫţƷȻĸɱˣһɱôࡣ
ѵĲɽׯ淢ŭô
Щ޷ĺиҲɱˣ
ڳƷ˵ûʲôɱҲɱˣҲ÷ǱҺѧɽѧͷѧʮѧУҲӵǼѧ֮һ
ǳţЩеıͽֻһЩѣɽׯѵΪһЩе˾ͺѧ˺ɣ
ȻҲǲܵģɽׯຣ֮жǱȽһ̬ȣȻҲǲǷ֮С
֮ÿʮ궼Ĵ٣콾뿨ͨĶǿߵݣָ󱲡
ҲֻΪ˴ô򵥣ܹõ뿨ģ඼⼸Ϊɫķδǰ;
ڽǣδЩȻΪɽׯҲΪʲôɽׯЩȹ̣ѱ鲼µĸԭ
ԳƷһ㶼ģ
ĳее˼ɣɽׯĵطɾûôĹ˼ˡ
Ʒ˵ĿɿڴУɨһܣȻ󿪿˵˭Ҫҵһ뿨ǾԼ԰ɣͷ¶βαأ
˵꣬˵Ŀ֮Уɽ϶ȥ
ʱԶɽׯĵ໥һۣ֮ǲ˼顣
һݽɫһɽׯĵӿһ۳ƷıӰ˵
Щ˶ǱΪľǼЩеĸֱ
ɽׯĬЩиֶЩ콾뿨콾֣ЩҰѱ˵飬ٵϣǲĴˡ
ЩɽׯĵҲû뵽ȻῴһĻ
֮ǰЩиҲعˣǱ֮ߣȴûһǳƷ־ɱôˡ
ô죬Ҫϱô
ô϶Ҫϱһ˰Щʬ崦ˣԶ㣬ιޣЩ֮е쿪˵
ֻڳƷĺǶЩˣȴûκκøС
ʵϴ󲿷˶Щ¾˲֪޹ĺҲûʲôøС
Ʒʰϣڣߵһʱӭ
ڳƷ뿨ȤˣЩ˲ֻǰѡ
ѧܣߵôżǴʲôأһ΢Щ٬
ɽ֮ϣһ»۵ס˳Ʒȥ·
˭Ʒ˵
Ҧѧɣ»۵꿪˵
û˵
Ʒһ°˵ѹû˵ȻԼѧܣĵѧ֮лֲ۵Ľɫô
Ҫ֪ٻҰԼϣö಻ۻԼ鷳
ɫһѧУѧѾҵмˡ
ʱУʱҲǷôŹȥû꣬ȻѾȫˣֱ̫ˡ
缸ҲѧѧأһѧҦѧɿ˵
׽Ҫҵ뿨˵ɣƷƲƲ죬Ȼ˵
ãʹ죬ʦ԰뿨ҵĻʦһʦģҦѧɿ˵
飿ʲôҪôղЩҲǱӶôƷ˵
ЩһøжûС
뿨жôҪ֪ΪˣҲ֣ҦѧɾΪԼ˭ƾʲôΪԼһͿԻһ콾뿨
ҦѧɱƷݺҭһ֮󣬶ʱɫҲǼΪѿҲû뵽ƷȻӵĵزקݺݴ
ƾʲô
ҦѧɲűҵȻͱѧУѧӵϣֱд
ãããƷ˵ܿǻû뵽ȻϣȻˣҾ㿴ƾʲôѣҲףʲôʦҦѧѾױƷĻŭˣϲɢ˿ֲơ
ǰĵʱѾ쾳磬ֹȥ˼꣬ΪȻһ쾳֮Уˡ
ŵĿųƷȳƷ꣬͵˵޽ģƷҲܿôĲϮ
ȻȴûĸͲʲôţһӱ̬
ٷϻַﻹһ֮ڴ򲻹㣬Զ뿨


687 鴫ĳƷ
ҪƷе뿨кܶ࣬ҦѧҲ֮һˡ
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Ҳ˵ͨ
һдңҦѧɵɫ࣬ȻȲ⣬ҲǵʱѧĶţҵ֮󼸺Ҳȫȫ˳˳ˮ
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֪ߵغ񣡡Ҧѧһ֮˸Ĺâ֮ǰܹ֪һ棬ڿòˣ
֪ߵغҿ֪ߵغ㣡
ҦѧɻʱֱӾͶˡ
Ͽȭ
Ҧѧɴһһӣȫÿһë׶ͷ켶µƺɨͷ˳ɲǼ䣬ɽ֮еĿȫסˡ
ҦѧȻҪıƷ콾뿨ǱȷʵҲʵģѾҪˣλᣬ϶ûʲôˡ
һȭÿҵĶۿɼٶȱɢԭֶܹĳ̶ȣϸǻһľ
·ԿƷǱӡ
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أƷֻһȻһֻȻһץ˳ӥצһݺݵץ˹ȥ
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Ǻɨ˲ͱƷһץޣ·ǿֲһ˲ʧˡ
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Ҧѧɶʱɴ۾ȻһȭֱӾͺͳƷһצײˡ
أ
һ޴ײ֮󣬾ֻҦѧɼǲҽһֱ۶Ѫ죬ײһ˲䣬һɿֲľֱϣֱ۵ļһը˿Ѫ
ܣ
Ҧѧ˺üǿͦ˽Ų֮Уȫɴ۾һ˼ģ
ղһȭǺݺһɽһ
ûֱ۶۶ˣһȭһͷӭ汼۶һ
Ķ棬ƷҲ˿̩ɽ
ƷЦһ֮ǰδʼսڶĽ׶εĻҦѧѾصʵܹЩв
ĻʼսѾǿһĵز˵ߣͬĶޣ
Ҧѧɻһȫ˼ʱ򣬳ƷһɲǼ䣬ѾˣȻһɨ˳ȥ
ȣ
һɨƷǱһͷǿޱȵ룬һӽضи˿ֻһŶѣҦѧ˲䵹˳ȥ
ۣ
ҦѧֱһѪ˳ƶߵķһ˳ȥ
ؿҲ֪˶ٸ߹ǣҽ
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ֻǼ򵥵һУҦѧɾѾˣҲҰܵĲٲˡ
ҦѧʱڷӦ˹Ʒ治ԼܹԸ˵ãѾˡ
һ߿Ҧѧ֮󣬳Ʒܿͼɽȥ
ڳƷЩɽׯĵڸǰҦѧɸԱ߾Ρ
Щ·ղһн̫ˣǲգ۾˻ֻоһ˲䣬ƷѾ쾳Ҧѧɡ
˻˭ôôֲ
ƷǸʷ뿨СǸô
Ȼ棬ż꣬ѵǴ̥Ϳʼô
Щ˵ǻͷһ֪Ʒ֣Ͼʵ̫ˣ֪ˣܹȫ֪ĴҲͳˡ
ͳƴ󲿷ҲǺֵģ˵ƷôһѧѧˣǺܶҲֻŹƷ֣Ҳδ˵Ʒˡ
ʱɽׯһҵУһԼĪŶʮһѽһǴɲ豭ˤ˵ϡ

ֻǲס
ôС¶ãƷ
ԱߣһĽ׳ǰһ˵ǽҪô죡
ˣһ뿨ҪˣӴӻͳ뿨Ȼ콾뿨ȻһȻӵ˵ϡֶΣһҪƷһ뿨ᵽ֣ЩϼһﲻΪ˳ƷôҾҪǿҽǽģʸλõˣʲô
һж׼ôҪ첻ܻ߳ȥӽЦ˵
ģƷǲҲѷɣǸߵ˵ͷ˵
ǾͺãߺߣƷңҪ־͹ǽңֻʰ㣬Щϼһ֤˭ļ̳ˣ


688 
ɽɽĶˣһ޴ޱȵĹ㳡ڹ㳡УַǷȴεĵɽ֮ϡ
һŮȫǶʮģֻǸвͬһ޳һīΪ䡣
һȴһɫɮۣһɮ˵ģֻıеĿ
һߣһװŮӣǺ֮ǰһǴżֲп顣
ǵǰһ۵꣬˵ϣֱ³һѪȻĶסˡ
Աߵ˶ΧۣȻûһǰȥæԱ߾ɽׯĵҲǵõʲôһǰæֻԶԶĿš
뺯ȻĻɾͱǲˡ
ʱǸɫɮ۵ɮЦһ˵
ףλͨϣȻҹĳѵôǸѪݺݵؿǰ˵
ٺ٣ɽׯ֮أҲɱˣҲҳ֣үʲôֵģ
ǸɮЦһ˵
콾뿨кã
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ƷһĻǸһ˵һȴƻָƣȻҲʱԼ졣
Ǹ껰䣬ȴǸɮ˶ȻһӺһͷһ˹ȻֻһȻ˳ȥ
Ǹ꣬͵˳ȥ֮³һѪȻ˷һͷѵ
عһ˲ͱ߶ˡ
˰է࣬ɮ˼ֱҪ̫׺ݣղһսǶǿǻʵѾǼΪǿˣǺɮȣȴԵĲࡣ
ˣǺİˣĿŵ뿨Ҫ֪챳ĽȻǰ˴֮һҲʣһΪǿļ壬ⲻô
ҪĻǾͲǾˣǰոտͽʮװаа˴֮һҵˣʱó峤³׷ɱߣӴٺ٣⼸޷
ܹĳѾ˵ˣֻ±Ҳ˵ģ
۷׷ס
汻뿨˸òĸָɣ
治˵˵Ĺ˵һֻ뿨˵ģ˼ҵݺʵں飡
˶Ͷȥ飬ȴǰɽׯĵҲڹز֣ܳοһĵӳҲ׵Ķ֣ɽׯ֮һЩʸϵĳϳ֣пѹס
׹ĳֻ֣ҲǱ˳ģ˴кˡ
˸ڲ²⣬׿νѱܲعܵʲôܹոأ
Ȼȴǻɮˣһһߵ˽ǰһ뿨˳Ȼ˵ڷүǰʱ䣬ҲûǸݼ뿨ǵȻˣүҲŸոնʮأһ뿨ոպϣ
ʱ˲ͻȻһӷӦ˹⼸ͷСʵϣǳҲ꣬ҲŶʮ꣬ȻѾ˼ˣȴһ콾뿨뷶Χ֮С
뿨֮һɮֻЦһ˵ˣֻɫҲ뿨ôҿɽׯⶨ뺯˶ôϹ۾ˣ
ɮ޼ɵҲЩɽׯĵӵ϶׷¶˼ַ߿顣
˵һʮСӽӵ뿨֪ɽׯʲôѵνǱǿЦˣǱʵǱΣүҪǲҲˣ˵ĻȻҪ֫ʲôҲӵ뿨
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ƷӦһ˰ɣ˻Ѿȡ뿨ʧȥʸˣȷʵֻһˣ
ûһֱ߿ţȷʵûòСȥ˰ɣ
ܣɽΨһͨ·ɽϣ϶ҪС·ܣɽϵ󷨣ߴ·϶ᱻ󷨵У
Ҳ֪˿˵
òǵ˲˰ɣ
ǻɮһЦ˵
ëûҲҳۣ
أֻݡһһöʯƾճ֣Ѹײڶ֮ƴ˻ɮˡ


689 赭дɱһ
һʯӣҲ󣬵ڷɹյʱȴ·ڵһ˿µĿ񳱣˲ͳǸɮ˺˹ȥ
Ǹɮ˼ֻüֵ̧һ£ȻͲҽһΪƶ䴩ˡ
һСʯӸ䴩ˣڵһĿֲ
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Ǹɮ˹˲ϱ˵˿ڣȻæһʯӷɳķ
ȴһ󽣵ӣ̾Ϊϳӵݡ
ʵǶѾΧ׷½Щӵ콾뿨ˣȻܶЩ콾뿨һ֪
ʣƷһ콾뿨ˣʵϣҲǳƷʲôӡ
ƷˣǸɮĿųƷԭֻǴ֫㽻뿨Ϳˣ㾹Ȼһ֣ˣ
ɮ˵Ļ˲ɵõһʱǲ˾׵ʵϾԭҲǳУ˭뵽ǰǲμӸ߿ʱ򣬽ǧ¾аһ쾳磬һ
ʵ˵׾ԲЩͨǿģȴԶΪˡ
֮󣬾׼㿪׷ɱУûܹκεǡ
һƷôһҪھ׵ˣ
ƷҲ˵Ͳ󣬵ǿϧˣ̫СˣÿһţֱȳƷô࣡
Ҳδе̫׺˰ɣ޷죬ѵûܹƵסô
˶ΪƷģڴ󲿷ֵƷֻ¾·һˡ
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СʱûΪССǻ۾ģ
ףƷüͷһǰˡҲ֪Ǳ󾿾ʲôˣĳ治ĳˮɪɪҳǾɣպãͷҲأʵһ㣬ͽȴôߣպǷһƨծ
׵ͽʵͣѪծۣ˿ļ۸ߴʮңպǷ˵ʦԴһƨծûծ

Ǹɮ۾һУʱȫпֲͷ˳ɱơ
ƷѹûнǾ׷ϣɱȻǲܡ
ƷһĨЦѾΪ˴һͽˡ
䣡ǻɮ˶ˣĽħһӶˣȥɢ˿ֲˡ
ͬʱǻһӵģһӵģȻԼһӲǽɫģһƬѪɫģ
۳ͬģҲǻɮ˽ħ˼ֻı֡
ɱ
Ʒֻ˵һȻƽƽһƳɲǼ䣬ĵ˽ħ֮ϡ

һƺӴһƷƽƽľķ˽ħƣǸɮ˫ץŽħƶץסһ˲͸о˺һɿֲ˼µ˳ŽħƷ
һķ˽ħ֮󣬳ƷһȥƲֱǻɮΧ۳ѪɫӵС
ͣ
ѪɫɲǼ䣬Ѿɢ˿һһˡ
ۣ
ǸɮĿɿڴƷһƿƽƽ棬ʲô书ѧǱȴǿ𺳺Ϳֲĵزˡ
Ѫɫƣ
ǻɮֻųƷһԽԽʱæֱĳӰ
ӰĳֱͺһһѪɫſһ
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Ѫɫ䵽˳ƷһϣǸ޷赲ƷһǰĽŲֱӾͻΪޡ
һʵ죬ɲǼĹ򣬾Ѿӡ˻ɮ˵ؿڡ
ǻɮĿɿڴţƺ޷ӵĽ߾ȫһʵȷʵٻ֮ϣ԰ʸ
ȻȴסƷһ
֪ʲôʱ򣬳ƷȻһƶؿڣеֱ࣬ӾͻˣϾе
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690 Ĳһ
ȫţţ
˶ĿɿڴĿһĻǿɵһǿǾװ֮󣬵ȻһܹԸ׵˶ûУǾͲ˵׾ǵһĴڡ
˻ͬͬѶԸ¶ǳֹһΣѡ
ȻЩͷ֮ǰˣҲɴ˿ɼжôɱ
ڣȻƷһˣ˶𺳵顣
ǶڳƷΪõһСˣ֪ƷǿƷܹ׵ϱֲܣǾѾ˲ˡ
Ҫܾף飬ԺƷܹõڱϾʮ궼
׿ǶѾжʮˡ
꣬˴֮䣬ֱرһĴڣ
˶֪ĳʶƫƫƷƷʶ
ʲôƷôͣ
ⲻƷǴƾ֮һ˶ԷĻһƽض
һߵһ˵
Ҽûô̬ģȻ츳һռ˺ܴıˣҲû˵ܹô̬ģ
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ɽׯĵӸһ⣬ھĴ֮ޱȵĸˣһ׾Ȼɽׯ
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еɫһһųƷɨ˹ӰɲǼ䣬ֱɨ˳Ʒǰ
һԽԽ죬ҪƷնɱ

ʵõʵǸɮҲֻڲ֮䣬˵ҲǳĿֲ
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أ
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ʵһ˵ҲΪȻȴڳƷָƳĽĽɱ֮£׻Ϊޡ
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һ˲䱬ˣһϯ˿
ȴƷǲŲæʲô鶼ûһ㣬̧֣һֱӴ˳ƷƣȻһһıѿ

һѱÿǰһ֣Ͷһ磬˿ûа취д˵˵Ʒˡ
ôܣ
ǵõ۾ɵϴȫţôôֲδȻܹﵽӲй֮ĵز
ΪʲôᱻƷƽƽһƸˣΪģʵǳƷ̫ˡ
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ȻȴǸԭһֱûжīȴʱȻһӶˡ
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īѾʶ˲ˡ
ȻֵĻ̫ˣΪƷĶԶԶĸ죬ɾűʹóɲǼ䣬Ǹþͷ֣ƷѾؿڱĳһ޴ޱȵĴ󶴣Ѫ˳
䵽ƷϵʱȴĻ赲סˣһεεĻ
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˵һûп˽ֵ׾Ѿˡ
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˵֪ٴ㣬ʤ㡣
ˣͳͳˣûע⵽һ˲䣡
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691 
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˲أٻҪǿһЩѣīȴȫﵽһ硣
أ
ͻϮ֮Уһʮ׳һֲȻųƷķϯȥ
һ֮лһֲâն˺˿
һҪ
Χ۵˲ɵõһһɨԽһ̨м˺ѳƬ
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һֲ̫ˣƷķӦһ㣡
ˣҪˣ֮ǰɱЩҲˣǳƷʲôˣǿѧõǣѧưոݣ
䣡
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Ȼ֮䣬ַ·Ⱥɽǰ𺳾󣬳ƷûʩչʲôǿѧָֻȭȻһȭ
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أ
âն˳Ʒȭͷ֮ϣȴ޷˵Ʒȭͷһ˿һһѳ˳ȥ
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ȻˬȴҲ˵ʲôǸ죬ֻܹ̫ˡ
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ס֣
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Щп쾳ģһ󲿷ֶǺ쾳磬һԱжôĿ£ӹɡ
ڴʱƷֻЦһľؽһӳ˳ɨһ˵Ľâ˺ѳһ
Ǹ׵컹Ա˾ͱһͷβ룬ʱ
ˣһʱľĻ
˻ڷ㶣һзʵ̫ˣ̵ת֮죬˸ز
֪һ飬ǳˣ


692 ǽ
㾹ȻҲҵĻ
һ֮һӰڴܵ˳Ʒĸǰ
ͬʱһӰ˳ƷǰͬʱһƳųƷݺݵȥһǾ춯һ㣬Χȫ۵һ𣬻һֻ־ͳųƷץ˹ȥ
ͻĹƷҲɲǼ䣬һɨ˳ȥ
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ͻϮƷǸˣǺվ˽Ÿ
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ڣеıѾƷ˸ɸɾҵĺиֱƷնɱĸδõľҲնɱˡ
һˣνʧأ
뵽Ʒ֮иǰżֳɱ⡣
û˵ǽһеȤƷһ룬Ҳ֪ǺηʥȻǽȤˡ
֪һνҲʱûк£෴ģֻһ뷨һҪ뷽跨
Բϵ飬ǵȻõˡ
Ȼе㲻󣬵ǽҼĶΧ׷½أʹɱ֣Ƕ͹˳Ʒʵֻ³Ʒһ
ЩƷȻԷҲĳ֣ǳƷôٺʲôһס
ǽ
һһף˳Ʒ֮еĲмʱһɶʼɵŭȻһӴƷ֮ɱ˼֡
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Į˵
׾Ȼ£֪֪ѲӷһʲôƷЦ˵
Ѿҵ£ˣ˵Ȼɱǣֱˡ
㣿ʲôܴô棬ܹسɷ𣿾Ѫծۣ޿ˡΪ˵ö֮ƷЦһ˵ȻҰط֪Ҹ˵ʲôҿҲϵ˵Ǿ׵Ļʹ㣬ʺˣ
˳ƷĻĿҪˣŭ˼£ҿңն㣡


693 ɱˣ
ƽյӣٻܻΨ漰˽Żܻ
һ὾˵ֱһجһĴڣǽ֮Ŀ
ΪĴڣһӶȥ˵Ŀ⣬˶ʧȥɫ
˵ͽͲЩˣȫ˹â
Ϣ֮пܿͨˡ
ֻһۣͳ׵춨˽δ峤ĵΪ
ڽҵĵΪΪڽҰ˴ҵ磬û˸Ļ
Ϊˣ˶ѹ˽ϣ񽭱ҰĵˣһԹƽľò
һУֻΪЩϼһ֤˭ǽδϣ
ڣһŭȫ˳һӾͳųƷϯ
ɱһʩչǽҵĳɱ
ԳܹǿУյǶľѧֻһ֮䣬ͺֻʣһ޴ޱȵɱ֣һɱ¾֮䡣
ɱ
ƷУɱİΪĹϵעͽҶϣԲܲЩҵһЩϡ
ҵɱ˵Ǻպˣϰɱ˺ܶ࣬˵Ҳһžѧ
ȻҪ˵󣬻ǽеһɱ˵նɱͨĸǴޡ
˵ҲʩչɱܹܶĵˣԶڽʩչɱƷһ㶼İ
һŵжǺպĵڼ̳˵ʼĳƷ˵ȴʲôˡ
ɱˣɱ
ƷȫƿʼȻȫɲǼ䣬ͺĿһϯ˳ȥ
ذԽ콣
Ʒһɨâг֮ƣһڶȻɲǼ䣬ͳɱϡ
˫ײһʱأȴһӰǴһ䵽˵м䣬Ȼһһֻ־ͻ˫Ĺơ
һ˲䣬ղһĹͳͳ赲סˣΪˡ
ʱſһ۵꣬񿡿Ǳ棬ȳڡ
ҲûʲôֶΣɾ͵ס˵Ĺ
֣
ƷԺ֮˲ðôһǶĸ֣ôɾ͵סƷĹأҲϵ߶εĸ֡
ׯ
ʱɽׯЩӿˣ׷æͷ˵
ʱƷ֪۵꣬Ȼɽׯׯ
һŵЩרĴɽׯ񣬽֪˾ͱȽˡ
ٵʱǰһ
ǳҵ峤£ʱҲľ˷âĿʼ˾Ļˡ
ׯ
Ʒ
ׯ
һߣҲǷӦ˹
˵ɽׯǽңΪɽׯׯȻԶ֮ϣһ죬ƷĻ˶ûа취ƽƽ
λֵĻֻҲ˵Ǹ֦ͬҲϵαֵĵزأ˵߶ǿͣҲϣм˳Ͼڴ٣ϣҲҪ
ɱҵĲ£Ȼ˵
ҲǺͿǽұܿõĺ󱲣δǰ;αطҪһϵοѪۣһϢȥ첿鷳ܵס˵ķϣҲŸ˵ЩҲö˵ʲô
㣬Ʒ֮ǰյֵϢԼǸͦ˼ˣһȻˣ
˿ƷЦ˵
Ʒ֪ԭȻͳϵ
ֻӦǳһˣӦһ֮еٮٮߣڶ׼Ӱ࣬δȻվ۷Ĵ
ˣҲҪиߣ缴ʼ붯ֵĻʱǵĻᣬڶʵʵģһ¾ͻȥ磬һҪȥͲˣ
˵꣬ҲͲͣˣתȥˣǾ׵֮ǰҰܱ뿨Ľ죬һۣ˺ʧ߶ֵע


694 ۷ڵ
ˣһ۳ƷȻһ
ƷֻЦһѰ˵ȷʵѾǺǿˣ׶ܹշʵȷʵھ֮ϡ
Լ˵ȴʲôˣҪǱ赲һҪöԷ֪Ϊʲôô졣
˲֣ЩֵĿһҲеʧվûֿԼˡ
һɽׯĵӷֱƷͽ᳡ʱ᳡ϣѾַǷ
ϯģʽǰմͳʽϯһһС˸ָɽ亣ζݻ
Χ߲ϴΪЩ򶼺պĴ
Ʒ򱻰ŵΪǰλãԶˣ˵λãȻɽׯ߲λá
һʮϯλǵȵƷ֮󣬲ŷ֣ʮλøûһҲֻˡ
˳Ʒ֮⣬ʣµҲˣһǽˡ
˽֮⣬һĵȴţȴǱˣȺűΪܳĵӣԪ
Ʒͽ˹ԪһۣȻ˵أΪʲô
ɫʱּѿ˶ֻǵýû˼ǵ
ߣ
һҲûҪ˵˼ֻԼλϡ
ƷǺܿΪʲôʮ˵ȴֻǰˣԭҲܼ򵥣غˣǱ˽غˡ
ֻºͽڷԪйϵ
ǳƷǿĻôغ϶һ
˼ǲԼͬĿʼżˡ
ʮһţǺܶ鲢ô򵥵ģ֮£ˮۣˡ
ǧһܹǶ̫ˣͬǰ󱲶Ǿ֡
Щ˵Ŀ궼δгһܹܹͨʵ̫̫ˡ
ԽУԴҲԽ٣һ֣ܹõԴҲԽࡣ
ǵʱ̲ŻУǴһʼѾʼˡ
һ㣬ǽǷԪ֪ĺǳƷЩӦ˹
ʵΪ˫ĳɳͬƷɳƽ˼ң˵ԴȷʵǲôҪģΪ˶һȡһ㣬ȡһ㣬Ӱ̫
ʦԴǽǮ༶ѧУĴ󲿷˶ǲġ
ǽͷԪǲͬСǾѾΪǵľֲЩͨڣǵĶ־ЩµţʵԴЩ˵͸ˡ
໥Ѿʮʮʱ䣬ϰѾǵĹֻԼĻԵҪ˻ԵδȥһС
Ʒʱ̵ʲôд֮Ǵ֮ŵǰͬģҲͬǰпᡣ
ˣ
ͷ˵һˣҽ˵ľ档
ƷԪųƷЦЦ˵
֪һμƷڳƷ˵ȴѾǵڶˡ
Ǹʱ򣬷Ԫѧѧ治ɫӳⷽ٣ǸʱĳƷҲǵá
ȻڣһȥˣƷȴʸͶԷƽƽؼ飬Ҳڴˡ
μ棬Ҳû뵽Ȼֵܹ
Ԫ˵ĵﻰ콾ȥʮţʼ˭Ҫؼǣ˭õˡ
ǲҪġ
ȥʮſ֮ȴֻ˵ʵѾ˵ˡ
μ棬ʵѾǵڶμˣ
ƷһЦ˵
Ԫһ㶣ǵʲôʱƷļͳƷ̶֪˵ֻҪˣӦòǲŶԡ
ôƷüͷһ˵
治֪Ǽٲ֪Ԫ˵
ƷҲеɻĿŷԪ֪˵ʲô
νˣ㶼ѾߵˣҾ͸ˣԪ˵һ˵ϣѰָ֮⣬һ˻óһö۷ڵΪʮ콾뿨ˣлᣬ˭ʤ˭ܹһö۷ڵΪ
Ʒԣʱһһö۷ڵļֵ󣬼ֵ
Ȼϲ֮ǰƷõһöͨڵҲǽڴˡ
֮ǰƷõһö۷ڵʲô˵Ƕ΢ͻĺ䣬ûдɼжôѵˡ


695 ֮
Ͽ˵һͷ۷ޣԻһ͵ĴУһͷ۷޿ɱһ۷ҪֲĶˡ
ʵϣһ۷ĴǱ͵ϮˣǶ΢ͺ䶼ѳɹɱ
Ψӵͨǿĳп֯ɱּޡ
ǼˣȻǳѵãҪǲ̫ܵ顣
Ʒȫһ˽ӣԪ˳Ʒȷʲô֪
ʲô֪ˣһ֮ɽׯóôֱʣʵΪɽׯׯҪΪŮѰһʵķԪ˵
ЩǱܵϢΪɽׯҲֻѡ
ȻѾߵˣôܻǲܾһ嶼ûˡ
ƷʱˣѹЩеĸ֣˶뵽ɽׯ֮жûб߻ɱ
ʵΪɽׯׯҪЩ˵޳һЩϸˡ
ʧ߾ûʸΪɽׯŮˡ
ͷԪȻҲ֪ϢģԲŻῪʼ޳ļ֡
ɽׯǿԺͰ˴ңѧȻƽƽܹΪɽׯׯĳٷܶʮˣǶڷԪһ˵Ҳм
ôһ룬вĵطҲˡ
ƷҲ˵һǰ
ǸɽׯׯŮûʲôȤһö۷ڵǱضҪᵽֵġ
ʱƳɵҩԷӼô
Ժ֮ѾֳٵĵˣϵϾҪڽһսѾ˾
һö۷ڵ̶ѨҲаɱء
ʱʶȤҲˣʶȤĻǾǼʶʶŴʵֶΣƷЦһ
ܹǸԻ͵ʱԵɻʣȻԭģһܹĵ
һеǰǱҪõһö۷ڵ
ʱɽׯׯҪóһö۷ڵҲ˿Щ˻϶һĴ۷ڵȻ޷Ĵֱʡ
ĽȻһö۷ڵԽԽˣǸܹóһö켶ڵһʮѵˣ
꣬˴εڵȻ֮
ҿǲȻҪ֪ǷԪҲѰ֮ΪľͿ쾳磬ʵ֮ǿ󣡡
⵹ǣһƷʵҲҸող鵽ϣѧϯأϧ̫Сˣٹ꣬ǻлʤվǲһЩ
۷׷ףܵ˵÷Ԫͽ˸࣬óƷȴٵĶˡ
Ʒɮ붨һһޱ飬һ仰˵ֻתʼץÿһÿһ
أֹã᳡һɧɽׯׯĳűһϵ˽
ɽׯׯ
˶֮вһݵɽ
⻯һƾճ֣ⲢؼĽ⻯һš
һӰ̤źţƬ֮䣬Ѿ˳ڣһл漣һ㡣
ȫɢһִĿľ⣬󻯳һϡ
ʣ˲Ǳˣɽׯˡ
ȵ֮ϵ΢ɢȥһЩ˲ܹóһ׷ͯյߣֻһֲŭơ
ͨǿߣ
˲ɵüǶЩһĴ˵Ҫһͨǿɲһ򵥵顣
ܶⱲӶûмҲϿƵʱ
ֳˣףʲô˫һ˱סȫ֡
֮ǰѾǼϵɽׯׯǰ̾Ϳ˲ࡣ
ܹȫ˵һС֮еһ߸ϣһ㡣
ѹЩ˽Щͨĸֵˡ
ǾˣƷ֮ϣѹȫߡ
Ȼڵʼ֮ǿߣ˻֮ѣ˲֪¶ٱ
Ͼһʵͨǿߡ
쾳粻ͬͨĸ֣ھ屦صĴڣӴ˾߱˲˼ܡ


696 ͨĽ
˵ΨдﵽزˣܹǹϿ屦صżˡ
첻ΪͨĻ׼ˡ
ȻڳƷⲻǸոտʼ֮·Ȼ֮УǱѾǵˣûܹĴڡ
ǹʱĺһߺ
ʶĵʦԴ۷壬ͨĸǰǲһ
ȵ֮ŷ׷
ףǰ޽
˿һˣȻ˵ͷƺǱȽģ˵ٵλܹ͹ǰң
ڽٵʼ֮ǰ뻹ҪһЩС棡˵
Ļͷһ֪˵ľʲôʱڶˡ
Ȼһӣܾ£ȥһ˲䣬˾͸оĿ˲䶳һ㣬һɿµѹͷȴû
һ֮㳡ͶоĿѹ
ָ޷ĵ
һ˲䣬һɲǼ仯ֻצȻȺ֮ץ˹ȥ
һգۼ䣬߰˸ͱץ˳Ȼ˾ֻĿ߰˸˱һֻֻצץ˰֮С
˶Щ֪ΪʲôҪô
ȴֻ˻ˣ̺ôĵӣȻ̽ҵ磬ѵ浱Ѿϵɱô
ʱ˲֪ԭЩ˾ȻˣǸӺǣ˾֪ģҪ֪֮ǰһ㶼ûв˲ǿ˼ۣȻܹó
⵱ǲ˼顣
һ뵽ЩͨǿߵҲͲˣܹෲ˸붼벻飬ǰĲ˼顣
ֻгƷֻ֪ͨǿ߲ܹ߱һͨ
֮£״һﶼ֮£ΪߵĶֱ࣬һࡣ
Щܹ˵ĸ֪߿Ƽֶζ鲻ȴ
ͨǾ߱˼ˣҲ̸ͨˡ
еʼĳƷ֪Ǿǿ֮󣬲ܹһ
ˣɱǣǽŹģʱЩ˷ԼȻѾ֣ұץ˳ҲͲˣΪҲ֪һͨǿǰһôЦ飬ֱѰ·
вңЦ˵ǽ̤ɽһҲѪ
̣һֱ̬ȵҲûʲôøУӦ˵̾ǵĴףǿͬҲ´ϢĻᡣ
̲ͬǵĺĿıͳǧ磬ѾȨȺȺ֮ս
ıĵ˶׵ģһͳ磬ôЩңô
ȻǸܵģ
ڸ϶коΨϣǸͨҲҪɱ̡
ˣɱҽڣձɱɽׯӣ
ʱһ޴Ŵ֮д˷֮еȻʼһֻ޴۾Ķˣ·ڿһ㡣
˱һĿɨһ£һȫĸо
ۣۣ֮֮̽ͨ̽Ӧþڸˣ
ҵ죬ѵɽׯҪսô
ѵǳıӵȻҽɽׯ
˶˳һֻ޴ģϢ۾֮̽ۡ
һ˵̵ĴڶǺڳıͣһĴ̵Ȼ֮۵Ҳǳ
ǸǣﻯսǶôµ飬Ҫ֪ǿͨĳ￪ս
ָоǹʱߺ˵ײ˭£˭ġ
ҪǸ¸̤ɽׯ˵ɣ
ЦһֱһָһɨֱӾͺ֮֮С
ͶüΪ֮һӾɢӰˣ˵ּȲĸоҲɢˣɵķ׷һ
ɱ⣡
Ϣȵ˵֮УһֻֻצһץȥЩ̽ڵͱץĭ֮ء


697 ͷϷʼ
л켶ĸ֣ȼĸֵʱһ֮ء
˳Ĭˣܶ˶˵ֶθסˣ˵Ҳʮ궼ûôˣΪͳ֮⣬ϻ̬ȡ
һҲ̫ɽׯȻȻ˵ĳֻҲԽԽˣֹ˵Ҳϡ
ϾѾˣ㰴ͨǿߵ˵ҲѾˡ
˵ձ鶼ܻһܹ꣬ﵽϸѴļޣһٶʮꡣ
쾳ܹͻּޣһʮֻܹ꣬ͨǿߡ
ͨǿ˵ҲѾǲˡ
ʲôǿߣһ꣬Ὺʼձ齵ͣҲǷȻɵġ
ȭ׳ڴʱǺȷġ
̻ʼӣһ˵˥ϵ˼µͨĸ֣ܻᱻ۷ĸΧɱ
ִ˽Ҳгģ
˾Щ̸ֵѪûôϣΪʹ˾ͿӵĻǾĴشˡ
ȻѾˣǻûϵòĵز
Ҳ֪˻мʾ˼һȷʵǸоˣҲף˼ʾҲǡ
˵һĴǶּĸ˵Ͳ
ʾӦͨǿߣ
ΪʲôÿʮҪٴһ磬ɲΪ˽ųΪ˶ƣһûء
ֻҪûм
ˣ⼸ҲѾɾˣ
΢΢һЦ˵
Ȼ˾ǰϵľƱ˵λĻҲ˵ˣʤ
ҲƱһƣվͿʼƱյｻ
Ȼһ˶ֻڵ￴׷ϯȻһһǰƣ١
϶һʸǰƣȵЩﶼѾֵ֮˳ƷԪͽǰȥ١
ףǰ޽Ʒ˸߾پƱ˵
Ҳ΢΢ЦţĵĸźһƣҪ֪֮ǰЩľƣҲֻ촽ѡ
˶ڰԹעһĻа𾪣˶⼸˵Ĺǲˡ
ãܺãǲԺ໹ҪЩ󱲵ˣվǵģ
˺Ц˼䣬Ʒǫ˼䣬˻Լϯλϡ
ǽ뿨Сһ˶Աɽׯׯ˵
˵ݵλͣһСһҲһëûС
Ǿǽ뿨ܣɽׯׯͷ
λȨصɽׯׯʱҲֻһӵݰˡ
ֻе˼ǸƷʮꣿ΢΢һЦ˵
ǸƷǳҵϵӵܣ겻ʮŶѣҵõ鱨ȴǼΪ˵ãѾѧڶˣһûĽʱһԵ˵
ȷʵ˲ˣû뵽һϵӵܹܶӵΪ˿˵̫еĹ֮УԴжôҪΪҵϵӵܣƷܹõԴ϶࣬ȴƫƫܹ֮ϣҲֻǹڳƷ˵츳ˡ
˵ѡ˵˵ɽׯׯŮȡ
ţҲѾʮˣҲõ˳ɼҵˣȻ߳ɼձȽȶҲܹõ뿨ˣ϶˵ͬ˵еٮٮˣΪȵķҲԲίɽׯׯЦ˵
Ͳίί飬ǼҲûѵǸزҪԼĻԼѡɣǶ棡ʱ˵
ɽׯׯ΢΢һɬЦݣɽׯ֮ѡŮӶҲûж棬ɼСŮжô۰ˡ
үӼȻˣҲȻ޻˵ˡ
ｻ㷹֮˶ʱ֮ͣ꣬ϵˣΪ֪ͷϷŸոտʼѡ
ɨһ֮ſ˵λλ˵ˣһɽׯóһö۷弶ڵΪʮ䣬ĺ󱲣


698 еľ
˵ĿһӾ䵽˳ƷͽԼԪ˵ϡ
˶֪һö۷ڵȻҪ䵽֮еһС
֮ж˼Ľʺ޵飬Ҫ֪͵ʱ򣬸ûӵĻԵ
ֱǲ飡
۷ڵ˵ǰˣڣ֮еĴ󲿷˶ģҲǿˡ
һΣɽׯ콾뿨һȥʮţΪԭֻſˣԣһ֮еʤߣһö۷ڵ˻˵
ԭ֮ҪΪɽׯŮѡ֮¸ǾڲᣬЩʧǱͻĿĶķԪͽ͸ޱȵʧˡ
漴Ҳͺܿ˾ûѡ飬ֻһö۷ڵļֵͲˡ
ȻˣҾͷɣվ˵ţαһһ㣬ӽ˳С
վ˽Ÿ֮󣬵Ϳ˳ƷƷǰ
˵Ŀⶼ˳Ʒ˴ʱҲѾͨ鵽˺ܶƷϣǵ˳Ʒ겻ʮŵʱ˶һǰһĸо
ʮܹõ콾뿨ܹߣߵ
̺ζѾӹˣһǱɣδǰ;
ȻҾͳȫ㣡ͱ˵ĽƷû˿Ҫò˼
ߵ᳡룬뽭ңңԡ
˵Ŀⶼһ䵽˳˵ϣǷԪĿоâ˸˭ʤ˭ĵ֣ȻԸʵԼоԵģȴҲ˿⡣
֮ǰһսǱ˴ˣڿûˣЦſųƷ֮˸ɱ⡣
׳գ
ƷᣬֻǲסЦ
ɫʱȻͳˣһ˲䣬ȫͷ˳㳡һһ
ıͶʱ͸оЩϢһĸо켶ʵѹ㹻Ǹо޴ѹˡ
Ҫ֪֮дҲֻǺ۷ΪδԽһأΪ֡
жʱΪ𺳣겻ʮȻѾ˵ãǲ˼ˡ
ɱ
ٶȳˣ֮ǰһ˵һθӵĿֲ
һɱͷ˳·֮һɱɱɱĿֲΧһɱͷųΪȽϵһıͼ̾ͱȾˣۿһӱͨоȻƾյһɱ
ЩҲǵ֮Ȼ󲿷ֵΪߣǻ϶ǶľԶԶʤѰˡ
̾Ѿָˣ˲һֵһȫ¶亹ʪĸо
һɱ˵ŴȴûһʩչȻܹӰ˵ǣȷʵǼΪ˵á
ɱ
Žһȣһ;ֱųƷնµĵâкüɳľ˹Ҳɴ˿ɼһߡ
Сɱˣ
ƷһҲڳٽҺ뽭йϵıͶ¶˼ֲ顣
ɱǽƷȻΪСֱд
ɱն䵽˳Ʒϵʱ򣬳ƷľؽˡһȻϣɲǼ䣬һ𣬷·Ҫ忪صһ
˿ɫˣ˵ղŽһĹĻôƷĹ͸ԵȫĲ˼ˡ
䣡
뵶âݺݵײһһµĳ˫ֵĵطΪģֱɢ˳
ɿµ˳˷ȥҪ˵ʱȴƾһָܾһغõĺý磬һײನ赲סˡ
һоյĸо
ʱǲ˼ȥеս
һοµ켶ײ֮󣬾˫ıײһһ޴ޱȵĽ
ȴֻһοµײ֮󣬽ˣһնɱȻƷһնϣûа취ԳƷһ˿һӰ졣
˺ü֮󣬲ǿסΣĶ棬Ʒȴ˿ûнһƷϡ
һײӮһĿȻ
и˾κˣǶʮѣѾǿ˵ãǼһֶ˹ȥĸо
ƷǸӿֲʮ꣬һ޿ƥе̬
δֱ


699 ֻһоͲҰܵĽ
ⲻܣ
֮˼ֲ˼飬֮ǰһκͳƷײ֮Уûռʲôƣʱûע⣬ĻƷô׾ܹ
Ȼһ֣ŷ֣ͲƷĹԻ֮¡
˵ˣɱҲˣ
ƷЦһ
׽ŭˣ˵ǾԲ̵ģƷȻǽҵľѧ
ãããǾ㵽мֱ°ɣ
ŭ˵еϢͷ˳ˣʱ˲˽ʵΡ
۷壡
׼ҪǿһЩӵʵƾʲôܹףþΪء
˲ɵþ뽭ʵͣһǰ;ݡ
ںųƴּ֮֮ͬ꣬ģȻǲ
ڽ֮ǰ񽭱ǽһѡ
û취ȥʮھл۷壬Ѿһˣǽȴͬ˵ǣлͨ磡
Ǽ褺
۷׷ףֿ˳ƷʱʵĽƷҪζԴء
Ͼ͵ĲҲǰģܳԽ
ɱɱɱɱ죬ɱأɱһĴȣÿһĴȹϵƾǿ˼֣ؼɱ˹һɿµѪɫɱ¾۵Լˡ
û뵽⽭ɱһˣѾ㹻ĵܹؼɱ⸽ͣǽ֮ͬУܹŽǰ֮У
нҵı͸ЦǳƷ϶ûа취⣬СǽɱȻҪۣ
˶ܵһɿµɱ⣬֮ǰһҪŨһֹ
˶֪ɱصɱ⣬ɱԽŨɱҲԽǿ¡
һΡ磬ĵâ˿˶ҪǸ赲Ҫߵ˼ˡ
ھۼ˼֮󣬡䡱һȻ
ģҾʹеĻ룡
Ѿ͵ĿֲһƷֹûУһֱˡ
һȫưű˳Ȼ˿֮ǰƣͥһӳ˽ƣѹ˽ơ
һжһ˲䣬Ʒеľؽٶȳˡ
䣡
âӽͷ˳һ˲䣬ֱӺĵâɱ⣬ǽ˺ѿһ
أ
ٶײһ𣬿񱩵ֱһС
һ̣·һһֱһӰͬߵķһ˲䵹˳ϸһǸȴǽ˭ء
Ѫոյײļⶼ˴ССѷ죬˿ȥҼˡ
ץһڱֱѾѪģƷĳײܵƷĵط
һһıѿѪֹֹס
ʱ䣬ȫţ
⡭ڳеıͶĿ࣬ǸղŴ˶ܿýأΪǴ˵ǴӴ˵ǴӾ˵ӦռϷŶԡ
ô֮ܵң
һ˿óƷҲûȻӵĽҲǳƷһս֮ǿ˽
ǵ֪ƷֱҪ߸ǵˡ
ǽҵıͣȫţ˶ڽܶҲֻǵ;˵ǽжǿȴ֪Իܹܡ
ǽ֮еĸȴˣǶڽȴʮֵ˽⣬ȻڽҵУĵλжߡ
Ȼڱȡ˵λڽ֮Ҳǰ;ĴڣѾǰδҼеλá
֮ͬҲѷ֣ȴ˳ƷϣֻǰҲˣǻԽܡ
ƫƫȴһҰܣֻһжѣѾҰˣһ㻹ֵضûУΪµġ
ÿµһôôֲʩչĽоʲô
һ뿴ذԽһŶڱżҪѧԽǿᣬܹӳҲԽǿҽҲǿ۽ˣ֮ǰδܹذԽӵز
ֱǹﰡ
޲塣


700 ɣֻ
ĲҰܣֳȫһƬѻȸ
˭Ҳû뵽ӲҰףǺ޻֮ĲҰܡ
һѾֳʤûҲܹĳ˴֮Ĳˡ
˻ǲסĿƷ˵ʣһ漣
һ
ƷһЦѾ㹻ŭյĽʱһѪ˳ֱƷˡ
ʲôĹôô£
ҲˣƷƺδõƹƾǿȣ˽
ڲԶ֮ϣҲǴżֺ濴ųƷҲ˳ƷĲǵһʮǿ幦
ֻֿ֮죬ͨĴ￴ҲǷǳ˲õġ
֪ûӵĴеġ
ĹУ幦ΪģΪҪӺıĻУһָӸߵȼ
ֱϣǴӸϽиı䡣
ĹУ͵Ĺٵġ
ɼĳƷӦʹвŶԣҲֻ΢΢һЦ赸չֱӴڳŴԾԵĻ˵õʲôһɳ졣
ӵĵͣ޵УңɽׯһƬ졣
ⱾѾѰ˸޷õķṦΰҵˡ
ڳƷ˽֮󣬷Ԫһվһһߵ˳룬˳Ʒ
Ȳ¸ղųƷɱ˽Ҳ˿Ķݡ
Ʒս㣬ȷʵлҪǿһЩ
ԪһЦ˵
һ̣ҿ϶Ӯûκλᣬ䣬㻹һ̨Ļᣡ
ԪҲδ̫һЩܹңǾԿɣ
ƷһЦ˵
ȻˣҾͲˣ
ԪֻǵһЦҲŭ
ˣ
Ԫϣһڱ͵һӱҫĹâһ֣˲䣬ˣֻоһռ䡣
еıһӾͱһǳһ
ԪֵĹѾʩչ˽⣬ȻԪղһɵӣʵڳƷȴǷǳصģϾƷɾɱ˽
ȻҲϣĿͬǽǳƷӵսȴܲΪ֮ݡ
ܲСģĻ˵ҲڳƷϡ
һ̶ֱͺȺ׹һޱȵ׳ۡ
ԪȷʵʵԶ˿һĻ΢΢ͷ
һѧ뻯֮󣬶ܹʩչ⾳⾳⾳֮Ҳвܹ࣬ʩչ⾳ʵҲвģ໥֮䣬ر
˵һеŵĻôԪ֮еţʮҲδܳһѧʲô죬ǿ֧֣ôΪֱ
һֽͲǽܹȵģ໥֮ĲѾǳСˡ
꣬δܹѹùڵķԪ
䣡
һֱ̳ڵһ˲ͻϣ˾޴
ǹĽâȫ۵һ𣬻һھ޴ޱȵ񽣺ն¡
أ
Ʒ֮âֻһͱ¶˷ԪΪǾס
ͽһ۷壬۷۷ҲмĲ𣬷ԪͬĽǿһ
һˮһˮͬһΪλʵɵˮֱر
һԵĽǿĲɵۣ֮ǰǳƷҲˣͻȻðķԪȻô¡
ܹоһĿ£ѹ
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ǳôƷһ£ֻ˵Ҿնǳ
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ƷȻĵز֮һһѾгˡ
أƷϢȫڶڣľؽ趯֮˿磬һɨкɨǧưԵơ
䣡
ؽͳײһ𣬾ײһĿ¡
̳֮У˷Ʒ˿ԪȴȻһ·֮С
ֻһѣƷĽȥƲֱ䵽˷Ԫϡ


701 ڹҲס
䣡
һֱ䵽˷ԪϣȻǳһĳ֮ǰȣѾǴǰˡ
ȻֱܴӺ䵽˷Ԫϡ
ѵҪһͷֳʤô˲ɵõɴ۾һĽɵõɴ۾ȫš
Ԫһǿ϶ӲģѾоԼΪ޷һ
ܹͻƵزпܸһ
Ҳ̫ˣزÿǰһѣ֮ǰôˣ츳һѾе㲻ˡ
ǷԪȴͬȻܹصʱ򣬾ۻôӴĹĿ¡
ǼˣȴȻȻǳƷĶ֣ΪµģƷ׵ʲôزˡ
ƷȴνʼսڶСɣѾﵽһȫµľ磬ǿ˲˼ĵزֻֿ죬ⲢǿЦġ
쾳粻ͨľ磬Ǿһеĸ¾ͨľ磬һеĸԴڡ
һԪȻȫǲŲæһ֮ȴȻɢˡ
һʧӰˣ·ţ뺣һɢĸɸɾ
ţǡףƷ˷Ԫؿڣ̾ͷӦ˹Ǹܵģһ֮أм׶ܹ˲˺ѿն롣
켶ս֮иһôûУҲΪʲôֻ׵ԭ򣬾Ǻ֮У׵öѾʼ𲽵ļˡ
׼ܹһҲɢΣͬţ뺣һ
Ǹ߿ƼףڼףΨѾǷڼײпܡ
Ŵĸִŵڼףһ㶼̻в󷨻߽磬ղһ֮Իţ뺣֮ƣԭΪ󷨸ˡ
ôһŴڼ׻ѹˣƷʱȻˣڼױѰļ۸Ҫ߳ʮмУѰ˸һۡ
뵽ԪȺųǾһлȻˣȺŵȻȲϰ˴ңɽׯȻҲһԪΪȺȫţδпܳΪȺŵһڼҲͲˡ
ԪҲ¶˼΢Ц֮ǰ˳ƷǾ׵Ϊ˶Ѿסˣʲô
ܹ򶨣ԭһڼס
һõڼףֻҪڼף͸ܶκ˺
ƷĹٿֲΣƲڼףǾ½ݣ
ƷƲҵڼףذɣԪ˵
˷ԪĻǷ׷׵һԪһڼ׵ĻôȷʵΪöԸ˵޷ԸĴڡ
ʱҲˣΪʲôڳƷǿ֮£Ԫɻˡ
һŵǵŶԸʱʹõģ꣬ҵ֮ǰҺһսȴû뵽ʹˣƷΪһ꼶㹻ˣ
Ԫޱȣ߸ϣʱ򣬲ֳ꼶ͳߵķ緶֮У޵еģܵС
ͬһûз˵һˣĿ֮дֻн
ڣǿ֮УȴҪһƷҲֻǼһǿжѣҲܻ
ٹ꣬ƷŻΪĸ󻼡
ˢ
ԪĻ䣬Ĺȴ˿ֱһĽâˮкһųƷɨ
ߣ
Ʒһһη壬Ȼָȭֱһȭ
أ
һɨ˳ƷǰĽâһȭǰһһı˿޷Ʒ
ʱ򣬳Ʒչֳ˻ʼսǿ󣬲ô򵥶ѡ
ͬ˫Ԫڼ׵ı޿֣ǳƷлʼս壬ңη塣
һȭ˷ԪĽâ֮󣬳ƷֻǸ˵ڹûô
˵ʲôԪüԡ
˵ڼ׵ıΪܹһôƷնڹǣ
õĻǾ԰ɣ
Ԫ䣬ֻ˲ͻ˳ȥһɽһɨ˹ȥųƷݺѹȥ
һųƷնб𾪵
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ƷЦ˿Ϊؽֱӳ֣ӭѶϡ


702 
ͬڼ׵ķԪʼսСɵĳƷؼ汸սȳɣҲ޵С
䣡
ѽֱײһ𣬺ײ
һƷľؽɽһնȺɽһ㣬޾
ֻһѣƿ˷ԪĽƣǷԪȻƱƣȻȴڼ׻η壬ƷõĴ
ƷĴ򷨱Ǵ󿪴ϣԪΪڼ׻Ҳͬô˴󿪴ϵĴ򷨡
˵ѾƷǸƵ˲òִ󿪴ϵĴ򷨵ĵز
ƷһͲܷԪʲôֶӦԣֻǼ򵥵¡
ƷԲںԪĹƣǷԪȴͬڼףв󷨺ͽػԼҲӳƷĹ
˿ֻ˫ޱȼңãƾײһ
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˳Ʒʮ꣬ԪҲ΢ѣǽɽ˲ųһһǿ
˵δǲδȻǵһϯ֮أ
ƷΪ޵УԿ⣬ǷԪڼ׻ҲȲƣֻȥѷֳʤ
۷׷ףΪ˵ս𾪡
˵Ľ絲סನֻǶöԶԶģ֮оųɾŵ˵ΪԶԶƷͷԪˡ
ԣƷƾӲô˵ҲԪڼףԪڼֻҪ㹻ʯϴ߶Ʒûκʤ㣡
˻Ǹӿ÷ԪһЩϾԪ͸󣬹ӾʵѹһǿС
ţأ۾͵һˣȻ˳С
˻۷׷׵ʱ˫ٶһײ
Ԫ¶˼ЦȻƷսȷʵֲǺܶʱ򣬷Ҳսһ֣ҲܹƷˡ
վ˽ŸҪٶȶԳƷʱأȴΧһ󾪺
ле֣Щ͵ڳԾʲô
ڷԪ֮ʣƷſ˵ôûע⵽ô
ƷĻ÷Ԫͷ˲侯Ȼֻ˿ͷһ֪ʲôʱʼΪܱƣ󷨺ͽϵڼײ֪ʲôʱ򣬾Ȼ˸ָѷ졣
ʲôôܣԪأԲţȫš
֮ǰһоûУΪǸʱ̫ˣֻƷɽԵֵΨе̸ܹоƷٶֱͬ߸ۡ
һˣٶȱݣٶȳ۵ĸҲ̫ǿ
ǳƷֱһޱȣһһʽǽһϢĸо
һڼףȽǿܶ࣬Ҳܡ
ǲ֪ƷĹ﾿ôɵġ
ޱ֮⣬ٶȸǿľˣҪϳƷٶȾѾò߾ȫˣûʱȥעһڼ׵ı仯
ڣƷһѣڷ˲ԣڼ鶼Ǹָ˿ڡ
㾹ȻҵڼףԪɴ۾֮гѪ˿ŭɶ
뾡취ǿõһڼףȺ֮еΪأҲá
ڱƷƻˣǶѪһȫˡ
ȻѡվӦѾ׼ŶԣڲզѾˣ
Ʒҡҡͷ˵˵Ҫ뽭棬ҿȴˣ㲻žҸˣͬ

ʲôаǰ
Щ͵ҲɵðôһԪʵ֮вǿģǱ֮ͬУܵС
ֶ֮ͬûУԲŽĿŵ˽ϣڳƷȴ˵
֮ǰĻһóƷ̫ȻڣȴֻãƷ˵ġ

Ԫû֮ǰǰյ飬¶˿ŭ飬һڼ׶˵ֱۣ޷۸һεʧʵ̫ˡ
ʱˣһн㣡
ƷԷԪѾ˵һ֮ǰκһҪӿ£ȴûһ˿һĺ¡
еľؽ׻һȻһȻ˳ȥ
䣡
˷·ںһ㣬ɨĿ½âһУԪǴ̳һһһˣȻȥƲ䵽˷Ԫϡ
һΣڼȴҲˣɲǼȫѣԪҲվס˺ƶߵķһ˳ȥ
ʤѷ֣


703 Ʒĺȫ
ʤѷ֣㳡ȴ·һȫûһûˡ
˶ĿųƷƷĴ̫ײˡ
ײеûһ˿һȡɣԾԵʵԷˡ
ս޿ɵֵҲ޻˵ģΪûκһǰȡɣ˵Զܡ
սҲֱ̫˵㣬Ҳ̫ײ˵㣡
ԪȻսˡôܣ
ǸƷǹôȻڼ׵ķҲƵİɣ
ڼײƾڲ֮أڼһˣǾˣվǲ̫ǿǿ󣡡
⵹ҲһֻҪǿ󣬲һҪǿǿҲǿ̶ܹ俪سĽ򣬱ǿ䲢أǿǿѧȴȱһɣ
˻۷׷ףƷĴڵ߸һǵۡ
յĻʤߣƷ
ɽׯӸ˵Žע˻׷׶ԳƷͶȥĽʺ޵
һö۷ڵƷӣȴȫȫȻӣǲǼװƽĵȻ
ǲ֪Ʒõһöͨ޵ڵ۷ڵֻһ㣬ʵ̫Զ
ܺãƷı֣ҿǿʢδɽ˲ųһһǿ˵˵ͷزǿߣؽͰĻеġ
֮ǰԼΪʤߵĳƷԻһö۷ڵϣƼãٽΪĻԻ͹׳Լ˿˵

ʱ򣬽ͻȻ˵һлҪ˵
üͷ΢Ȼ󿪿˵㻹ʲôҪ˵ģ
ǰ磬˶Ҫ񣬵Ǿ֪ƷûзѾӵزѵʸһö۷ڵô
һС˵ţһһ˿顣
صĵƣǽҵ飬Ǻܿŵ顣
һʼûзϣƾžʵܹѹǿУնڡ
˭֪һƷһסԶԶСķԪ
һ֮ǰеõϢϴóˡ
˵Ŀⶼһ䵽˳ƷϣɽׯĵӸĿⲻƣƷܹһĽ͵ĻֻǶҪ಻סˡ
ܸж٣ǶǴŶ˵ľ𾴣Ʒκ϶ǲܻӭĴڡ
ŶƷʲô˵ģָôķ֣ϴżζЦݡ
ݵλʲôıʲôûмһͲģǡ罭˵˵ĻǾǳƷһ㾴ⶼûˡ
ҪúÿǿǣòøƷһö۷ڵˡ
Ȼ⣬ҲԸôһһòûеļһ
һѵˣɽׯׯɵüͷ΢˵
ֻûô򵥣ɽׯׯ˵жȱ۲ܹˣ
ɽׯׯƷӣôҲһȱ۵ġ
˵Ŀ⣬Ʒ΢΢һЦ˵ȷʵûз񣬲Ϊˣû׼׼ʱ򵥶ϣ
̶
ԪЦһҪŪһȻѣʵϣһĵرԵ
Ҳ˺ƽϵģ֮ǰĿ֮£óһû̫߼ֵģôĻԾͻ᲻ˣϾ۾Ϲ
ǲǰ׼õģܿô
뵽оʹһ⣬ȻƷûˣһö۷ڵҲ̫䵽ϣǺôûóƷļһõǾ͹ˡ
ȻԳƷڱֳ츳ֻò˶ãҪ׳Խˡ
Ŷóҿ΢΢һЦ˵Ҳ뿴Ʒ׼̶Ŷ
ʱƷҲԥӻóһҩƿȻ˫ַϣǰ׼ǰһżзֵһöҩ׸ǰˣ
ƷѶΪһöҩͿԽȥôЦҲ׷ü˳Ʒ
һĵҩǵȻʲôҵһöҩٵأ
Ʒ˵
һʱ䣬ȫ𾪡


704 ֵǵٵ
һʱ䣬ȫ𾪣
˶һӱѨһסˣӦ˵ȫɵˡ
ٵ⼸־ħһ˶ɵõɴ۾
Ƽ֮Уǰ˵ȴҲδܳĶȥ
ϾҲҪķѴʱ䣬ܹ쾳ܹһʮϵ
ͨǿҲѣ˵ܳʵһ㶼㳤
˭ҪأŴеȫ֮ѰɵִӳѧоһֱǰصĿѧ⡣
񷢴ҽƼʵϲѧĸƷˡ
û˶úܹܳܳ˺٣һЩɼܹӳ֮⣬󲿷ֶΪ
ˣȻкܴľԡ
ֻҪܹӳĶǵҩĵرطκһ֣۸Ǹߵס
ֻһ꣬ҲһѶȶûС
ΪˣǶֵҩжôҪԲŻ𾪣ֵҩÿһǼֵơ
ǶѾǿ˵ûʲôˡ
ȻҲ˼ֵƵȴҲһ֣϶ܹٵĵҩĸ
ȻǺƷʲô˳Ʒ˵ٵ֮˶Ǿһ˫Ŀ֮˸Ĺâ֮ǰֺͰߵȫͬ
ܣƷ˵ѣôĶأҲóʱ˵ƭˣˣ
Ʒ˵ĿģǼٵģҪ֪ƭһͨǿʲô˺ɲ⡣
Ȼ˲֪ԼȴǺģȷʵѾˣ⼸ҲǷɽׯѰܹٵĶôңһ
̬ҲǱȽƽ͵ģΪؾĽ׶ΣǿҲû취ֻһˡ
ȻٵϢȻӿˡ
ܻžû
ɽׯĵҲͬĶųƷɽׯܹ˾˵ƣʵܴһֵԭ˵Ĵڡ
ֻһ˵ĴڣǺһ壡
һˣɽׯ˵֣֮һȴһһĲתĵ
żһ㶼Ҫ
˵Ŀⶼ˳ƷĿ֮͸¶һֲ˼ͲŵҲȷʵӣ˭ųƷı
ҿǻͷ˰ɣҿܳôõųô֤һ²֪ôƷ˵һֱұȽϾǰôƭأ
ʵϣƷϹ˵ģ˶Ĺһ㶼СȻʵϣ޵Ĵսζ֣һ飬֪˶ˣ˵
һöٵҲģٳ֮ǰƶɵġ
Ȼ˵ǿ䲢أǺͿѧȣչĻǱȽģŴΪʲôǿ󣬾ԲֻǿศɣᲢ۵֮֮֮ȵȶǷչ˵Ƿ켫ĵز
ִͲĶˣǵķչͲŲǸո𲽡
Ժܶ൤ҩƶֱӸĳ̶ϣܹĵҩ񵤵ķչٶȶԱȵʼ֮еĳŴ뻹Ҫչʮϰꡣ
Ǹʱܹżһķչͬڸ˵ķչֱȡ˳ŴըҲһһϦľͻͽ
ҪʱĳпܣܹӴεģҲûܹƵҲֻгƷһ
վڵ˵ļϣ۽;ǵС
Ҳ˵ԼƵģĻ̾ͻᾪȻץȥоƬˡ
ĵԣССʲô
Գ㹻ԱĻԲὫó
óٵ͵ʼ۷嵤ܱȣֻٶʮ꣬ΪͷҲû̫õĲϣƳ̫õٵ
ģֻٶʮ꣬ѾѰ˲󣬼ֵǵıˡ
Ʒ䣬еҩƿͱ˹ȥҩƿʱһŨԪӿ˽ֻһڣ͸оȫϻϸȻֻԾ
ȻܹжϳԲ٣ʱڿƷ񣬾һͺܶˡ


705 ֵͨһŵ
˵ļ˵ҪжôһöҩǼ٣ȫѡ
ֻһ£ֻоȫϸԾûмٵĵرֶݲҲܹһ꣬ǰҩҩЧȸر
ȻͬƷ˵ģһöٵĵҩ˵һöҩļֵҪԶԶһö۷ڵ
һûмֵҲҪ˵ġ
һö۷ڵ˵ôͲǺܴ󣬶ڳƷ˵һöٵĵҩȻãȻڵ˵޼ֵʮѣڶûв롣
Ҳ̲ס¶ϲɫҲκһܹٵĵرֻǹЧĻûκεЧ
˵һĵرˣһٳͬЧģû̫ôˡ
ȻĻֻҪͣЩٵĵرͲˣпҩԣӹɵġ
æ˵Ʒһöٵټꣿ
ƷָΪ˵ֵ꣬꣬Ҳˡ
˭֪ƷȻ˵ʮ꣡
ɲǼ䣬ȫһƬžȻǶʮ꣬ٶʮٵųȥĻֻ»ͨĸֵ۷ĸʸûС
˵ٶʮ꣬ĵҩֵɹЩˣܶʮ꣬ܶҵԸ⡣
ɽׯ˵˶ʮ꣬ܶǶʮֱܹ꣬֡
˶һ꣬ɽׯ˵޾档
˶ʱ֮ͫ΢΢ȻѾ뵽˿϶ѰٵĵرҪõĶ࣬ȴҲû뵽ôࡣ
֮˲ڻعҲ˵ãһˣԭĽ֮⣬㻹Χ֮һҪԻɣ
һ󼱴ٵĺһͨĸֵĳŵһ;ԻȥֳŵļֵҲǲɹġ
лǰ
ƷҲ飬Ӧ
֮ǰ֮ǰٵΪô
ȻһöٵгƷֻ֣һҵҩĳɱˣųȥĻϰڶö
ȴ֪Ҳ͵Ϊֹˣ㹻ԱĻǾԲóڶöٵ
ֻһöĻǻǴżлõģֻһööĻ˾ͻỳԶֹôٵ
ѰĶЩͨǿģٵƫƫģЩֻ֮Ҫһ˷ݶ֣˵֮֡
ô˵˵ֻҧֻôһöٵ
ôһöٵȡ˵һŵԿˡ
һԵĽѾɵˣû뵽ƷóģֻóƷˣôһöҩȥԼҲãʮʱ˵ζʲôӹɣȻó񣬼ֱǷˡ
Ϊ˻ôһö۷ڵĻôֱǲ
˵ǽǷԪҲһɵ۵ӣȻ۷ڵֵƣĻ̫Կˡ
ڱɢȥһε˵糹׵׵߸ǵۡ
ƷͷԪһսǿ˾֮ĶԾԶ
ǿһöܹٶʮĵҩٵһǲˡ
ƷҲɽׯׯĴ֮£ǰɽׯڲׯԴ죬֪Ƕӡ
һΣлˣ
һߣһ˵
ĸлƷģΪԼܹƣ̶ܴϾΪүү˵Ĵڣٶʮ壬Ѱ˸ס
ڳƷ̬ҲһٰʮȵĴת䡣
޷ǰҲҺܾһǰٵ͸Ҳﾡˣ
Ʒ
ˣһγڴӦһҪ󣬺һö۷ڵ֮⣬㻹ܹõɽׯزȪˮȪˮɽׯ֮УҲǺܺģܹͻĿǰƿ˵
紫Եܹõ콾뿨ľܹõ˵ָ㣬Ӷõͻƣʵ򲢷ˣȪˮİæ
һƷҲٿ϶мء
ܿ죬Ʒͱɽɽһͽõıչ֮С
һȪˮ۷ڵҲı˹


706 չأ籩
ɽׯɽһչص֮УƷ֮ϣɽıչҽɽ֮Уܵ˵ĺҲʲôӰ죬Ǿ԰ȫĵط
Ʒǰһ̴ľӣзŵһö۷ڵƵĺӵУܹסеһϢй
һߣһƿɫȪˮһƿȪˮɢһǿҵ
ɽׯĵȪˮճƷٿϵõ鱨ȪˮʵϾɽڲһȪˮ֮ʶġ
ÿʳǺܶ࣬ɽׯڲķ䶼̫Ҳֻʮһε˵ϲлá
Ȫˮ˵Ǹֲ²۲ϣƷ֮󣬶ʱˣνȪˮȻҺ
֮Уһ㶼ʽڵģܹҺ˵һŨһĳ̶ˣп۳ҺҺ
ҺǷǳγɵģֻһڼ£пγɡ
˵ɽڲһʯУܹҺ
ƷҲǵڶνӴҺ֮ǰɽͼռ֮Уɽͼռǲ֪˶γɵġ
ѹЩɽׯϵķչ׳п϶ҲٲһʯĹ͡
Ҫֻ֪Ʒʯۼ۶ʮһʯļ۸񣬼ֱɹ
ЩӦöǵɽǸŵ
һƿȪˮȴ֮ǰɽͼռ֮еҺҪӵŨںࡣ
ãԽһƿȪˮһͻƵأǸʱ򣬼صĸ֣ҲҵĶ֣
Ʒ˵뽭һսѾԽԽˣҲԽԽ㡣
һУ仯ʵ̫ˣ
ȻĿٿǸľУľ֮Уһö۷ڵһö۷ڵʵ̫ʱˣôһö۷ڵƷĵƾֿԶһˡ
ƷҲûж˷ʱ䣬ȫת˻ʼ
ʱΧһȦһȦǿγˣΧУԶԶĿȥƷֱһСŵһ
һȦһȦĳصľϣǳƷոͻƵһûжãصľϻʮֵȹ̡
ƷһƿɽȪˮ̷ֱȥһƿҺʱ˿µ籩֮Ű
Ҫɽׯĵӿˣ϶ҪˣҪ֪ǼҵõһƿɽȪˮҲȻƷ㣬ֱȫ̷ȥ
Ҫһһķã٣ͷö٣ĻȫľͻᱻӴ׳屬
ǶڳƷ˵ȴˣոͻƵһأصʮֵ̣ΪˣԲűҪҺܹһصľϡ
Żȫȥ
һӴֱɢ֫ٺ֮УһֱĻʼսˣһֱӻ˿µֱӳصľϡ
ʱһһĹȥƷڽ߾ȫͻصľ磬˵ķ籩Ÿոտʼ
ǳƷϵһöܹٶʮٵһ˵Ĺעйʸ֪ȦӶһըˡ
ٶʮٵ˵ûʲô̫ôǶĳ˵ȴǾһ
ڳƷεõһöٵҲӿʼûͣעʵ̫̫ˡ
ƷֹľҲһӱ˳ǻûʲôϾҲܹעƷÿһ졣
ڹڳƷϱڳ֮˲Žķ֣ƷȻʱ֮УΪͻͽԭһ֮һӳΪѧҫľӢš
һǳ׵߸˵֪Ͼǵ֪УƷ϶СţȻ˳µĳɳ
ڸϸǰʱǲŷ֣ˣƷǰģԭ˵ֻʱѾϳеͬˣ˵ͱУҲѰҵˡ
˵Ժ֮УֻðһʣǾƷ϶ʲôͻȻһӴһƽӹѧһԾΪĿĶš
ֻûܹ֪׻ʲôܹͻͽı仯
ǰЩ˵ĹעһԭѾܶ˸˵Ҳ½˵Ұ֮С
ǾǳƷ뽭Լս


707 ۷壬ջ
ֻԼսܻô˵עģû˵顣
ǳƷͽ֮ݵλ̫ԶˣƷֻǳҵϵӵܣȴǽҵһ峤
˴֮ĵλʵ⣬˵˫ʵ̫ԶˣȥѾѧһˣƷǸʱ򲻹ֻѧеĳһˡ
ѧѧ֪νԼս֮ҲֻǾͲףƷǸҲȻǳƷһɱ
Ȼһʱ䣬Ʒʵ͵ҲѾ췭ظѧڶٻмɱ۵ȨѧжߵȺŷԪ츳ڽ
ھȻҲǲҰ˴ڸϵϣܹ𾪡
һսʶܶ²ǰ޿㣬˵Ϊ𱬵һս
˭ʤ˭ɷ϶ľӢܹȥδ϶ΪԣлͻƵͨ硣
Ǹʱ򣬾͸ǲˡ
һУʣ˶һսĺġ
ʱ򣬽ҵһƽ峤ͽͬΪ˴֮һƼҵ峤֮Ů˼Ҫˡ
Ϣһʱˣ˲͸ǹ˵Ǹ硣
Ͼ˵缴ξʣҲֻǸıԼ˰ˡ
ǽҺƼ˫Ȼˣҷأһǽ峤һƼ峤֮Ů
ԲͬѰ˸ǴζҺƼҵĺҲԽԽࡣ
ⲻɵ˾ǽңƼңܹȻ
֮ƣĴ˵һϢԴ˱൱ľ衣
Ͼ֣ôܹòĿ࿴
ͻҲ˶һֲִĸо
Ϣոһ̳ΪµѺͷ˲ڸסϢ
ȻﶼżֲĿȻ֣ѵҪͷֵʱô
˵֮ǰ־ͷΪʮҪȥˣ
Σ˵Ŀⶼһʽ˹ȥһʱ䣬ҺƼҲ˷˼⣬Ϊʸ֮ġ
ʱⲻķ籩УһһĹȥˡ
һº󣬳Ʒڽһεıչأ۾ΧһŵҲɢȥˡ
ʧΣƷգҲﵽһֵǷ켫ĵز
һµʱ֮УƷ˵ջķᣬΪһٴһس֮У˳ĽΪƵ۷塣
ϧˣʱ䲻Ļܹһӳ嵽أ
Ʒҡҡͷڿϧʱ䲻һƿҺɽׯشĵرЧʵΪһ嵽۷壬֫ٺ֮У֮һҺûȫա
ˣܹоԼ֮ǰҪǿ̫̫ˡ
Ǵʱ˷ԪҪڼףȭͿˡ
һʱ֮УǵΪͻͽǳѵõʱ䣬һžѧ
ҲǻʼսϵһżΪǿȭΪ˲ȭһǿȭϻʼս壬ǿᡣ
һȭڳƷ˵Ҫʵ̫ˣ֮ǰʼս廹δĵزҲһȭ
ڣҲǸոܹѰ˲ȭеģ޲ѣˣѾǵѵһľ˵ѧˡ
ȻƷ֮󻹴ûʩչڵʵļ֮ʾʩչ˲ȭǵһȭǳ֮
һȭףƷоԵİգص߶˵ԲĶ֣ȫԵġ
˰˲ȭ֮⣬ƷһУһö۷ڵƳһöҩΪαħ嵤
һģ´˵еħħ󷨶оĵҩ̷֮֮ڣΪǣ֮󣬱ȻҪɥ
Ȼ˵ʶεĸ֮ҩЧѾûôԵˣҲֱһ̷ȥĿԻǺܸߡ
˵һŵƣûǸòϣΪһϵĻ˵Ȼ˼ȵΣС
ҲʱȥὭˣ
Ʒ˵


708 ΣȻ
˱չصĵطȻɽׯӣ΢ѯһ£֪˳Ʒ֮⣬ԪͽѾ뿪ˡ
Ҳûչأѡ˻صɺͼ֮бչֻгƷչء
ЩɽׯĵӿųƷ֮͸ź;壬Ȼû뿪ɽǶ֪ѧʲôطġ
ֻѧͨѧɽׯ֮жΪܳĵӣɽׯ֮кܶܳĵӶѧѧ
ѧн࣬ɽׯҲеӻõɽѧ֮ѧϰġ
Ͼѧͬʦţ̸ƣϾѧϰҲ뿪ˡ
Ʒȴѧ֮ΪǿĴڣٮٮ֮еٮٮߡ
δ϶ΪٮٮߣпܳΪׯĳ
Ҳֻˡ
ƷһϢԼҪ뿪֮󣬳ƷͷҲص뿪ˣۿŽ˼ĶǰʱѾˡ
Ȼ뿪ɽׯĵһʱ䣬ȴ֪Ѿ˶
ûȻûһĽ׳ĶסˣǴĻ棬ǻ֮УƷո뿪ɽׯ
ƷͻϳĽ׳߲ǱˣǽǸࡣ
ǸͬϢĸ֡
ЩûһǼ֮һ̻ᣬһͷͷһ֮вΪǿ
öˣȻǽҵķȥˣҪƻ峤Ķҽҵپӣóˣֳֻһ粨ǽ˵һĳ裡ǸĽ׳ߵ˵֮ȴޱߵɱڷڡ
ϧˣҲһ֣Ժ֣šԴ̫ϧˣ
ǸĽ׳ߵһҵ̾һ˵
šԴ̫Сˣ֮ǰҲûɳַ߶εĸֶӱʵͺǿҪɱףοħ˼ͼŴͼӵĿնɱٵĸ֣óóȻǰֻ¶Ҫһ
ǸĽ׳Цһ˵
ڳƷѾСˣǰǰ󽭼ڳƷĸֵѾǶΪ۵ĵزˡ
Ҳƴ֣ʵɲ⣬Ҳסһһȥ
һֿɲһ򵥵飬ǰҪķѶԴֱ
ǿҲһҪǸĽ׳ߵһЦ֮Уһʮ׸ߵĻ׻˳·һС¥һĻס
һܻͣ˸һĪһּΪɭĸо
ʱоͻᾪףΪһսԻף˼壬ֻײִսġ
һһ϶սԼΪţһ̨׵Ŀ¿֪
ʱǼҵǿֶʱ˺ëǶΪĸ֣ҲΪˣԶΣյĸ֪ԶԶѰ˵
Ϊˣܹܵһ̨̺Żصܹ׽شǻɱ
һͷµһӵĸоһҪߵĸо
ȴ֪һ̨ǽҵһǿĵƣսԼôܲϼӿơ
Ƶϸ˻ΪˣҲǺķľʱ䣬ǿһ̨ס
׿ܹͨĸвϧˣһ̨վǴսĲдƷܵشǽҲܻһ̨ףǸĽ׳ߣ˵һֻһֻ֮ڽپʱŻᶯõյƣڿǸʱǵȲˣʰСӣҲҫˣ
֣
ǸĽ׳һ£һ̨ɢǿҵĸǴʱ˲ĳȥһֱӳϰͣȻһ̨һը˷档
ͬʱһöԼĪȭͷСĵڿڷ˳ȥֱӷ˸ոճɽׯʮĳƷ
ʱԭɽׯԶ׼ǰɽׯĳегĳƷȴȻһӸо˾ҵΣС
˲侯ֵĸ֪Ȼ˵Ȼ̸ر񣬵ѾܹԼԼĸܵһЩڤڤ֮еĴڡ
ܹǰ֪ΣգӶܹǰܿȻɾ֮󣬾ûйһǿҵΣĸо
һɲǼ䣬һöڵѾ߲Զ


709 Ѳ
ֵԤһǷǳ׼ȷģȻͨĸǰǿ󣬵ǼΪǿҵΣܹǰоġ
һ˲ӿһɺëһ̾Ҫصĸо
ָоͷһУ֮ǰκǿжûйӵĸо
Ϊǿ߶ǻԼɱģɱ¾ǲͷŵģҲûŵΣС
ֻһֿܣǾǸ߿Ƽָ߿Ƽһˣͻ˲һּΪΣյĸо
˵
ƷһӾͷӳ˹ڵʵ˵ѰĵвˣΨһֻ͵ȼĺ˵˵Ҳġ
һǿ۷Ĵһöս˵Ͳ͵ˡ
ǣʹһ
ħ˼ͼ
һ˲䣬γһ޴ޱȵѪɫãȻûüͣȴֱһö˵
¡
һĢƻڶ𣬻˿µĿϯض𶯣ǿµĺ˱һС
ƷԭǿޱȵѪɫãһ˲ͱˣûа취һɻص
һ£һһˣ
˲û˳ƷӰ
˶˺˵
һ˲䣬λɽׯ֮еĹ۲վһӾͼ˺˱Ӧ
ʲôˣɽׯ֮һصıչسոϳƷϵһöٵ˶ʮһӾͷӦ˹
̾͸ܵ˺˱ĲȻ˵ͷΧ˷ǳСķΧ֮ڣǻס
Ȼһ֮˲Ϣ˭ɽׯú˵û˵ˣ˵һǿҵơ
һûأ
˵꣬̾ʧԭء
ͬʱǸĽ׳ߣæ˵ǸϽߣһεĺ˱ùˣ϶ܿͻͨǿߵǿģ
ǸƷҪô죿һֲɵõ˵
ղŹʾѾĿ꣬ǳƷͨıҲѣˣǸĽ׳˵ǸϽ߰ɣ
ߣʱüôһ޴ŭ֮дһӰǿϢǴ
һӾͳ嵽ǸĽ׳ߵǰ
ÿ죡
ǸĽ׳Ȼһ۾Ȼ֪˵Ŀ£ǴʱǳΪˡ
Լ֮ǰ˵ģһͨĶǿߣԴġ
ôĵӣȻ˵ŭһӱ˳Ǹ߸ϵԷǵϵϣϵϵϵⲻѰ·ô
ǸĽ׳Ҳ֪·һֱϵԱװãһʬ޴档
ҵҲͬȻȻԱװãʬ޴档
ȻҲ켶ĸ֣Ǹи֣Ҳףͨǿ߸һʤ㶼ûС
ߣʿ켶ʿǸȻ̫ͷ϶Ȼһŭɶĸо
Է˿ĸо෴ģһָŭɶĸо
ܶԷҪú˵Ը˭˵̫ͷ϶ǾԲˡġ
ڣ˥˵Ǵ˷δֹͣ
˭ҶҪ㸶ۡ˵
ͬʱɽͼĿռ֮УһӰֱӵײײĵ˽ȥǸȴǳƷ˭ء
ղһö˵ǾԲܿ˵ģһ˲ͻὫɱ֪˭ôһҪŪȷʵһ
ڹؼʱ̣ħ˼ͼѪɫñԼȻҲֻǳһ˲ѣѪɫþͱ˵ˡ
Ǿһ˲ʱ䣬Ϊȡ˱ʱ䣬ɽͼĿռ֮С
һ˲䣬ǱըನɨУشֻоԼȫļһһıѿˣʼսһﵽ˼Ϊ˵ĵزֻһˡ
ڵĺ˵Ϊ˲ԻɸԵƻܣʲô֢
ּܹĺ˵ǺǣҲֻнˣƷһЦǣȫµ˿ڡ
ʼǿָʱȫ˳Ƕ˵ƣ˵ȴҪָܹơ
Ʒϲķ֣ԭ֮Уɢ֫ٺɽȪˮĲһӳ˳
Ȼһӳ۷ϣ֮С
ֻһ˲֮УܵĵȫȻͻơ
ǻϣ
ƷЦһ
ԼΪ˰ɣǽңһǸۣ
м죬Ҫ𾪡


710 Ʒ
ɽׯ⶯˺˵Ϣһҹ֮䣬ϲ㡣
֮սһ֮䣬ǰ˴Ҽľͷ˴֮ȻҲٲĦһҲȥ˴˵֮ĵߡ
ΪһҴˣôܾܿ˵սۡ
һſڶú˵ͺǴһԲܴĵߡ
ú˵ѾǷǳˣ˵ڱ˼ҵļſڶˡ
һ̾ϲȦӣǣɽׯͨĳǿߡ
ˣȻЩʿһʱԱʬ޴棬ɽׯ˿ˣôܲ鲻
⼸Ҳ̸ǽΪصԺ׾ͱ˲鵽ˣǽҵ˳ˡ
ҵĸֶһ̨Ļɽׯſڳ֣ˣǱˣɽׯΪмĳƷ
֪鵽жôŭ˵ŭɶ
ҼһʿȻƤӵ飬ǲžžžô
ѾȲ˷Ҫɽɽ¸ɵƷ
´ȥҪôɽׯƷոչ˼ֵǵٵȴƷסɽ¾͸ɵˡ
ⲻǵʲô
ԷǽңҲҪ֪ŭһͨĸ֣ζʲô
Ѿڷ˼֮ϵĽңʱķ粨˸ڼΪҪƼ˫֣֮ƣѾľͷĲ
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ʼĩҲܿͽ˸ͷ֮УҲǺѲ飬ƷͽҵĶԹҲͲʲôرص飬ԺܿʼĩѾΪ֪ˡ
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ҶͻϮƷƷҲɱҴĸ֣ʧء
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ѹû׼ýͳƷһսϧ˺ҪɽׯҲһ
ʲôƽһսǺ˵ġ
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ǽżľٶʶˣƷȷʵͽս߻ȫһ
ԷԶҴԷζԷսĻܹгǿ
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Ҳ͵ΪֹˣΪƷѾˣ׵ĺ˵֮£Ʒܴ
£Ѿûκιעļֵпܱȼ罭ҵľţ
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˹עǣһ˷ŭҲܵʲô鶼ûзһȥˣȻҪ³һ󲿷ֵ棬ɴ˲ܹϢŭ
Ȼķ籩ŲǸոտʼѣһַѵȴǳҺѧ
ڳ˵ǽΪܳӵܣۿžҪɲţӱҶˣˡ
ʣѾ˸ұ˴˾ĵˣһҳһܳӵܶԶú˵ô˻᧿Σ
ǽҽҫ֮ҲúоɱĻһٴζġ
ҪͿ϶Ǻʵġ
ԽôʣҲǴ˸壬ɣŵļ棬ûк󱲣˭Ų±ɱ
ԺܶҲ֣Ҳǲ֮Ӧòһ㣬Ҳܺ棬Ʒ˵õ˺εȵزýҲòóֶɱ˳Ʒ
ѧǸо⵽˴
һʱ䣬ӿӿ
ʱ䣬Ҳڵˣ˼궩֮ա


711 Ʒǻ־
˵һĸνһδƽһ
Щһ⣬ȫǺͽйأƼҵ
УСԭһߵСǺǿͻϮҲȫˣϺŵС
ȻʱСİϵͳѾ̱Сҷһͳͳŵ
һȺ֪ĺ˿ȫС
СӳͼСҵнƸĺ۷ĸȴɱ˷ŵֱЩ
ȻнʺܸߣҲֵˡ
ֻĿЩ˰Сӹˡ
Ұ£Ī
˸ּ˵ݣ
˴ңң
˽ң˭ĳ֮˷
ķɣûжܹסӵĺ
֮ˣȻ˾Ĳӣִͷĸֻ֣˵ȴûм
ҶҪӵԶԣǵСУȻסô
ǸСһסŵǸң֮ǰΪķǰʱһ֪Ǽ˵ĸĸֻѰˣΪǺңѰϰ壬ǵĶӣ˵ǵĶȥͿѧ˵ǹҫ棬֮ˣ
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ܹģǾеľӢȻ˵βرߣҲǾӢʿ̶ܸߣȻܹжϵĳ
βִҲ֪Ķ
ǼҵĶǽгƷǰɣҺҲĶ˵֣Ǻѧ֮жǺǿˣ
˸æһѧĹȻһЩϢĲ鵽ѧϸϣǽֻǹ¶ϣǳһ
ʦսھ۵ھĩ˵һѧ꼶ϯҵ죬ǲзɳˣ
ԶԶĿţڵһ
ʱڶˣѰ˼ҵĳΪʲôܹýҳĸԸˡ
ǳŵΣͳųƷʵͷǿ϶Ҫͽͽģѩ̿ĵǻ׵ġ
ֻѩ̿ҲҪǹһָͷǴǵĹ˾ȫ
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ҲǣƷôزôȱǮԼҼıҲ
ǿɲһˣйϵھ˵ǱºҲе飬ǳҵĻɶ򵥣Ȼ켶ĸ֣һֹһ
ôܣֺεȸ߰ǾҾегпܣôܻ᳼һͨ˼ңοǼ
϶ûģҵõϢǳҵļھ˵ǾĶֱҲ֪Ʒ״ĶĹϵϧˣǾĶֱԽҾʱҲûκô
ʱڱҵľסĵطԭƷıѾ׵׳һս
һȺҵľ񣬽Χסиʮ켶ĸ֣˱֮Уûж֮⣬˵ѾǶһеֶΡ
ʮֳֵƣѾԶԶһˣǴʱȴеùµ˼ڱУΰȼƴĵֿ
ΰȼҲڳƷİ֮£쾳磬һжʮ֮Ľ档
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ԭС֮еİϵͳЩ˵ûκôΪʵ̫ǿˡ
ʱΰѾ˾֮УȻΪֵǺǿҲǿȻԵȴǵ֡
ÿһǶҪӿֲ
ּսӣھ֮УǶÿļ⵶ӣ쵼ļϵĴڡ
ΰǾֱӳȻ֪սжôĿֲЩ˽齨ľսӣľսҲδѷɫ
ȻʱѾ޿ˣƵ˾·
ƷѾˣǻ־ܣ
ʱһʹЩҵ֮УһĽ׳׷ͯյߴ˳


712 Ʒ
һ׷ͯյ˳һ˵ƷĻͻϳǵǵҪ۵ڵĻҳһɱǸҳϽɡ
ǽԴʱһγƷֻҪڽϳһ
ܣҸ粻ģ
ʱڱڣһŮ˳Ǹǳ档
ߣǳƷĸĸĳɺܿ
ʱ˶ǽս˫ȭǴʱѾ޿ˣܵͻϮ֮Ǿæ֪ͨ˳ұңұȻӦǰȻ˭Ҳû뵽ҵĵڶ֮졣
ʱҵԮδҾѾҪˡ
ȻǳƷΣգǲûйֹƷֻޱȵѹǴӳҵ֪ƷұƵú˵ɱˡ
Ǽ㲻֣Ҳ֪˵ʲô޴棬Сͺ˵Ҳܹܵ˵ġ
֮ǰƷһ۷Ĵ߱˵лܹһ֣ͬһˡ
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Ǽ⿿ԼŬܹͻ쾳磬ѾǼ츳ˣүΪ͵ľӵ˲ţֻҪͶ˱үүԸһ棬һ·ҸΪүЧĻᣡųΰȼ˵֮ޱȵţţûܹܾӵҪΪǳ±
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ȻҪǶЩӳ˵ҪҪ
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ҲǱˣҲͬСסŮ歡
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֮ǰӶƷƷָΪͳ˺ܺõѣΪͬΪһС֮УԹϵһᶼǷǳõġ
ɱӺŭҪһĴۣڽ˵ҲбҪģΪͷ˵ƷҪȻ˵ҪϵĶˡҲˣǳƷش˽ң˾Ǵͷһ죬ڽ˵žͻ½һ֣ϸһĴۣ쵶ն飡
ҲŲ֣ǼҼСҵСһָͷܹǸΣ˵οȥʲôô
Ʒͺˣ˵
ƷʲôãγộƷܹסһ־ͲˡҿͲǳҲû뵽ֳܹôĶˣ
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ȻóƷȴҲ뵽гһճƷܹұƵز
أ۾һСڵķȴڵķһµ걳Ŵ󽣣˹
һȴǳƷ˭ء
ܣѾˣȫţСסС죬ΪԼˣôܿһˡ


713 Ʒˣ
歼ΪԼ۾ĻôῴһѾ˵ء
ҲǱˣǳƷ
Ʒôܣһǿˣ
ͲԼ۾ҲΪʲôΪõ֮УƷӦѾ˵ˡ
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ǡǡⷽЩϵܹ֪Ϊʵϲأɽׯǰ˺ˣôʲôء
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˭֪ھȻֿƷˣΪˡ
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תһȻ濴˳Ʒ
׵׵ĲţΪȷȷʵʵѾõϢƷӦʵʵ˵ˡ
Ϣǵõ˺ܶȷϵģȻ˺˵ĳƷģ
޷ģֱ֪˵УͿ϶ˣ
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Ʒľɱ¾֣ҲھС֮еЩסǶһͬĿɿڴĿųƷһ·ǿвһĽЩҵĸ¾
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ѵ֮ǰõϢǴģֲǣƷôµʵ
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ڣƷһ·ɱ¾ڽΧĸȫɱ¾һ֧׶ǽҵľԳƷӿֲɱ¾ȻҲûһߡ
ҲС룬Լıǰʱڽɺͽָ֮£Ѿ׹˳ΰõķԶԶԼĸ֣ΰҲֲסˡ
ΰȫ¶Ѫؿȫ˽ȥ˿ڵˣǽ
ڤ粻飡һȭ˳ΰЦһ
оһɿֲɱ⣬ֻȫëתͷһȻһӦѾȥ֮ˡ
Ʒˣ


714 ۣ֮ŭ
һƷĺëʱ͵ǵһʱ俴ӰӣΪԼ˹ˡ
̾ͷӦ˹
Ʒܣ㲻Ǳ˵ˣθһ˶ȡ
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˶ǵ;˵ǽȴǷǳжٵ׼ȷԵġ
ȷʵ紫ŵһΪ˶ԸƷǣ˺òײŸ㵽ףһö˵۷ĸֱˣҲһ·һ
ǳƷôģ
ǰڴӵˣ
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磬Ǹ磡ϲ˵ȻһֱųƷ飬˶ڿһʣҲˣֻǲԸǸпʵѡ
ڣֿ˸Ӱ̲ס˵
ԱߣĳɺܿҲǽһϲǲʲô߸ϵĴֻһԺƽķ޶ѣڿƽɵ

ΰһѪȻؿڱİȥΪ֣ףΪǿȻشȴҲû
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ҲΪƷѾˣƴԱƷ֪֮ѡ
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Сģк֣ܶ
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˵ţϵƷͷ˳𵱳ɽׯʱʵǿһΣǸʱ۷壬ڣȵĿء
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ұȽҪֲĶˣѾ۷壡
صĸ֣ټʮֲͬĽ֣Ʒһ޵
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ǿͷ˻ҴʴʣһΣûˣ˵̶һµʱ䣬ͻƣıǡ첻ֻҪļˣҲһҪȮǵǽҵĴۣ
ǺǣǺô磬ҽձؽѪɺӣϴͷ֮ŭ
Ʒƽ˵еŭȴǻɽ緢һı˳˽ħצļˣʳ׵׵Ĵۡ
ҽ췭ظǸ㹻ĴۣϨеŭ
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ƷȻһӣ˫ֱָɡ
ڴʱʮҵȴĬĳųƷɱһʱ䣬ϻ֮γɣޱߡ


715 Խ޵ɱ¾ٶȣ
ʮĸɱƵ޷󣬺ƺƵǶѧϻƵģͨ󺣿һϯ
ÿһֶҲأǿѾصľ磬ڽͽˡ
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718 ңԼˣ
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ǾͿŵһĻЩְΧ˹ԳƷʱȴһжס
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719 ˣ
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ƷԽԽ󼸾𶯽լ

֮ɱ⣬ȻҪ֣أһԶ



720 ɽׯңҪ
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721 ټ˼꣬սһ
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һҲûн˵Ļϣǿ˳Ʒ˵ȻǾɣǲֹң˼ͱȻ޸ңʱˣ˵ͻ͸ˣαļ

ƷָžһȭͷŭĿӡ
Ҳȫû뵽Ȼܹ˵ӵĻϾǶĵڣȴǱֵȫⶩĶһ㡣
ʱҲһЩ¶˼ֻȻ飬֮ǰǻ֣ΪʲôƷͽһ֮ԼڿֻºͶһ˼ѲĹϵ
Ҿ͸һᣬ˼ǰɱ㣬ף磬˭
˵ţת㳯ŽլӶȥޱȣǼʱ䣬ѾʧԶ
ɱңˣ
Ʒ˵ţ䣬˺ڵһӶ׷˽ķ
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Ŀһ۳º֮󣬱ֱ׷˽ȥ
кϷˣ
һЦȻһ۳֮׷ȥ
ٶҲǲϾ׷ȥ
û볡ıæ˽ȥ֪˳Ʒͽ֮Ǿ͸ȲˣΪ֪⼸֮ĶԾ
һ֮ǰ֣һֺ޲Ҫĸо
Ʒ߽ŽڲӶȥ
Ƭ֮䣬Ѿһ㳡֮ϣʱ㳡Ѿ˵ı͡
ղųƷǼѾڲμӻı͡
Ʒ֮󣬼̾˵ע⡣
Ʒһܣȴ㳡վ˸ĸ֣¿ԷֳӪ¾ǽҵѣƼҵѡ
ںĵĵطϣ˫ĵһӣͦΣĿӥˣֻվţһȫơ
ҲǱˣǽһļס
ڽ׵Աߣеģһӣȳڣò˼мƣǱƼһļޡ
޵Աߣһʮ˾ģŮһɫϲĽΣ˳ڡ
һžµϲһ˫ˮһȴŵɫǿ˳ƷʱȴȻһӺһ㡣
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˼С죬أԲţ˶˵ƷѾ˽ҵĺ˵֮£ˡ
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һĻֻһϲ˼꣬ǴʱɾüȲ
һиһ˶ˣ
Ʒվڳ룬ĿĽ㣬û˿£ָֻŽ˵
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722 ؽʷ¼һս
ҪƼϣڿҲ鷳ûô˳
ⲻôýҺƼˣǵĻ·
ƷͱϾ̫Сˣ̫ǿˣ˵õһŴżĴУʵֻڳƷ֮ϣ
Ʒôģһʮþȵ׼Żᶯֵģôһٵģ
Σ϶һսˣӦΪܵڴ֮Ĵսˣ
ҶȲˣһˣ͵һս
۷׷׶뿴ƷսȻЩע⵽˳ƷŵһԴǾͷƤ飬ƷҲ֮Բ֮ǰܶ˲²ӣƾԲĴڡ
۷׷ף˫ΪϽа˳ʤ㣬ƷֶܹʱͲ֪ˡ
ϾȳƷ꣬˵ζر
̫ˣ̫ˣСΪҵĶű֮ȣƷͲ̫Զˡ
˵۷׷ף׺ΪҺƼҵļˮ
۽ܷʤǶܷϣƷѾɹˣҲΪҵɹһӰˡ
ǽңֶ֮󣬾ȻóƷߵһֳ衣
Ҫ֣Ȼ㶩ֳǼȻ˸ƣǾͲҪк֣ɱ
ʱ׿ڶ˵
ǲ˵һ˫ޱ䣬û֪ʲô
׵ĻΧٵĸָͣ˵һսȻֶĳ֮սǳƷǸֶʯˣ
һսȻҪ¼ʷУֶ޿赲
Щ˶Ը׽ҵģڳǲÿɫ⡣
ƼҵЩҲֻоɫŹ֣Ҳ²⵽ˣƷ֮ԻֳԣֻǺ˼йأȻǴʱ֪˵ʲô
ƽĶۣǣͽ飬ƷҲһ䣬Ȼ߹󣬵ҲǳҵϵӵܣƼҲŵԣ˵˵츳һܺõ
ڣƷȴΪ˼ǰҳӣǲ֪˵ʲôˡ
ڳУ˽׵Ļֻǵ˵ͷײĸףĸֻǽҵһӢԱҲ벻Сľš
ǵ˵ͷȻ˵Ȼɣ
˵꣬˳ƷֻĮ˵˵˵ҵɱˣ
ɱȷʵˣƷЦһ˵
˷׷׻ȻҪ֪ɱǽұ־Եľѧÿ˶ʸѧϰֻΪһ˲ʸѧϰȴƷһĲֵβŭա
Ҿɱն㣬㲻ҪΪ˽ͿҽɱѧղѣĮĿųƷǿһˣ·ֻڿһһ
ƷѾˡ
ڽ䣬Χܵһޱߵɱһʼֻһɱ⣬ǰʱ䣬ܿŨ
ܹǵ֪һɱ⣬¶ڿ֮еƤ̾˼Ƥ
ɱɱôÿµɱ
˲ɵþú󱳷ЩͶûмʶˣȻ֪ʹɱʱ򣬻߷һɾ˵ɱ⣬Խǿɱ⣬˵ɱ̶Խߡ
̶ֳȵɱ⣬˻ֻɱϣѾ㹻Žǽǰʮˣ
нҵӵܲɵ˵
ȻֻǰʮѣȴѾǼΪ˲õˣɱǽƾѧѧϰ˺ܹܶ࣬ŽǰʮѾˡ
ǰĻ϶ʮϣ֡
ʱգ˵ᳬס
ƾ㣬Ҳ˵ɱУϳ֣ɲǼ䣬âˣڿ֮еɱȫ۽һ֮С
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ȻȽҪϺü꣬ʵϽɱϵԶԶ罭̫Զˡ
ɱȷʵĲ޿ˡ
ǽҵ츳֮жĴڣܹӵزҹĿ࿴ֻһܹվˣ׿˵
վ磿ɱǲɱô˼˵
ԽһƷҲ˶ϵͷ˳𣬺һڳһ㣬ΧĽͣɱ࿹⡣


723 һն
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˶սİգѾﵽһ־׵ĵزѰ˸޷
ֻһ񼤵Ƭ֮䣬Ѿ˰У£һһ˲䣬ֱ۾ҵɱĵסˡ
Ϣǿҹĵϵۣǿҵˡ
ϰ֮˽ӵǱҪײѡģǽȴͬʹǧ׹ĹȻǴӰͻϮǵûм෴ģһˡ
ƷǴһذԽ֮콣
һɨҪնһ
䣡
˫ٶײһ
̿˸û뵽ֻĿѣۣΪ𾪣ڵͺǲУֻûܹǱȼġ
ȷʵ㹻ǿ
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ڰ֮вϵײ˫ٶȶֲܿҲ˿Ĵˣ˵ս˵涼ڻζ濴ôʯ̵ɵģʵǶǼʵȽĺϽ̾ͶɣԵͻϮҲ˿ı仯
ǵǿûбֹĻֱ룡
˶ɴ۾ӿ˫֮УĻͿǵսǵٶȡ
ģ˿ɫˣΪ˵Ʒǵûмһһǿˡ
ɱǽϵɱ֮ÿһɱԽԽǿҲԽԽֲ
ǳƷõʲô˵һѧһٶ˥ߣһ׽ȴһԽսԽǿĸо˿һĻɵ÷׷׵ɴ۾أԲŵӡ
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䣡
˫ٶȽңңţûиһĴ㡣
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ƷҲˣصľ磬ȻܹҴսڣ
ڣĻȴ˶ˡ
ڳһЩأأغ۷ĸܹǿһЩƷľ硣
Ƕ˵Ʒľ绹һ⣬ǼƷܹͽսڣֻ˫ʵֻǲġ
Ȼڽһͱһ㴰ֽҲ֪ƷȻŲضѡ
ڿҲϵΪƷս
쾳磬ÿһܴԽսǲܵ飬Щ츳Ǽ츳ܹԽһҲͲˣû˵ܹԽô༶ġ
ֱǹﰡǽɲѰ˰˵ͬܵУȻһ绹͵ĳƷƽˡ
ŲǸոտʼأղҲȹˣҪǲóһ汾µĻˣ
Ʒžؽ˵

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ıˣֻһΣûżɱȥ
䣡
һȴȫϢͷ˳һ涼΢΢
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ذȻأһͺ˫ۣ
һ˲䣬˶ˣΪƷʵȻѾأ߶ΣأҲֻһ֮ңѡ
ŲǶʮͷӵΪδпͬ˵ǰ㣬ǰ;
ɱⱬˣÿһɱ⣬Ʒɱ⣬Ĵ󣡡
˸˵
Ʒҷ۵⣬⽫Ⱳľһն㣡
ʱĽӶˣƺһɿֲ֮ڱ
˵ţˣһն


724 ƷҲ̫ײ
˲ð߲ɱ⣬ɱǳߵľ˰ɣССܹزǺη
һ޻˵
ҲøһŮҲӣֻǴŵ΢Ц·ʤȯһ
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ֻҲ˵ɱһЩ飬ɱ֮еĴУÿһƾ۳һ֣Ҳͱøӿֲһ֡
ȴֻһĬĬģΪڳˣûһĵġ
غƶһ֮²ˣ
ҲƺѾʧȥģȴȥˣֻҪһ֮г׽Ʒնɱ
һ˵ĺֹͣˣ˵Ŀⶼһ֮ϡ
Ȼɱյزһصĸֶʱɴ۾Ϊܹоһв
Ͳʮͷδǰ;ע˲ġ
㼼ڴôɱûʲô˵ģҽ컹Ҫ˵Ʒ˵ţȫһӱ˳ҲһӳԽ֮ǰļޡ
أ
Ʒһӳصļޣأ
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˶ˣƷȻڴ֮ǰ뽭ѷ֣ǽһأƷذɣӦ˵ɡ
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ҲһŰżꣿʮ갡꼶Ľ϶ǳƷĶ֣
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ţڳδķչȻ޿ɵĺô
Ȼܻвĵλ¿ǸĻǳңСΪҵ峤۽Ҳһܹȵϵġ
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Ͼ׹˾ô£ΪʲôƷȻûܹͱԴǿɲǳƷǫãΪ
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ȻûƷ˽ƣֽ·֮ǰֻһ΢һ
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ʱ˲ŵһʶƷбǴҴǰ


725 Ƴ
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ƷĻӵܷ׷ŭĿӣƷĻֱžžžǽҵ
ƫƫʲôˡ
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Ҫûа취
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Ǻܶ཭ҵӵܣһ޷ӣڴ֮ǰ˶ýʤȯգܱ˻ܡ
֮ͬӦ޵вŶԣȻǲ֪ʲôˣ졣
һǳһһ͸п˵ǿ˾֪ƷȴǵһγЩ˵ǰ˵һαӡ
Щ꣬ųԽԽˣ
鷳ˣƷս˫Ҳ֪еʲô֮ǽϵһڼȻҲǵ֮ֻ»еҪˣ
ʱһµеѪվƷŭˣû뵽һĴڣгһվȻܹӵв
ϣƷЦһһǰĳƷڽ˵ȷʵһĴڰɡ
ǱϾһǰѡ
ͻҴϼ꣬ɱɱһҲѲĶȥƷֶŵ˵ڸʱ䣬ҪնɱڵĽ̸ʲô¡
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һöҩʱʵ۷壬һͻƵأǽľȫȫƵϡ
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ǿֲ˱ǹϯ˹ĳƷķ˿۾ҵĶƿһ㡣
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䣡
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ȴûκͣ٣ٶһǹųƷɨȥ
һǹղŵӴ
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أ
أ
أ
һǹһǹͬʱһǹһǹٶȸ죬ܿ죬˾ֻһǹһǹĿ¿ˡ
ƷҲûˣ
ǹ֮УƷǿ֮еһҶۣʱܱһ
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һһС
㻹û£Ҳ㿴ѧһȭ
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726 Ὥ
˵ʱʱ죬һ˲䣬һɾȭն𣬾һɾ޴һ˺һԭ˴صǹâֱӸ˺˿
һʱ䣬ȻƵᣡ
Ȼ˲ڿƷ˷籩ģȴû֮ǰΪǰǱ
˵̩ɽΪ˿·ûҡ
ڳųɾŵıͶоԳƷʱȴûκεô
ƷϣŨȭͷţ
ö룬֪϶һϳ˵ȭǵͼȭĻôŨȭڷڡ
ԽǵͼѧԽǲ˷ԭȭ
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Ʒһָȭһ˲䣬Щȭȫ۵һȫ۵˳Ʒȭͷ֮С
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ʲôȭҺо˺еˣ
Ʒʱ򣬾Ȼĵƣ̫˲ˣ
½鷳ˣ
һԵıϣ׵鶼Ҳû뵽ƷȻʱ򣬻صʵǹڽʵһʹó˰˲ȭ֮󣬳ƷʵԾԭеĻһء
ͺκε˳Ʒֻˡ
Ȼһȭضŷӿ˹
Ʒƾ㣡ХһȻȴһǹɨǹǹҲ˳ɨһ
ԼԼĳſѪڳųƷ˹ȥ
ʱȴƷȭ⻯һξ޴ޣǰ˲֮е޲
Ʒ˾ľȭ
˾ֻһ޵һȭһſѪڵ֮С
أ
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Ѿﵽһ⾳ѧڽ֣ǽɨǹԳƷİ˲ȭʱȴ˵Ĳһ
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涼ھҵҡΣ˷֣ԭܹһ㵼ĵȻҵİ˽ȥ
Ʒһȭжɴ˿ɼһ㡣
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ǼױĴ򷨣ûмǳƷôױĴ򷨣ʲôɣʲôٶȣʲôͳͳǸƣֻһȭʲôǿжᱻ

ƷһȻһһȭȥٶȲһ¡
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һ޴ޱȵĺ̶ʱ䣬ƷϰȭеĽ޷
ÿҪҪʱ򣬾ͻᱻһȭͷȥڼ׵ػѾ군ˡ
ò˵ϵڼȷʵȷԪһҪĶˣƷҲߵĶˡ
ǷԪһµסƷ⼸ȭ
ԶҼ˫ȭգʱ׼ˣΪѾ˽ϵڼѾѺۣȥᱻƷơ
Ʒϵ޾һ㣬𺳣һܹһȭ˲ȭѾˣԽѧȻҲԽ
ǳƷ͸һһôȭȻһҪݽߵ˼βǹ
ʲôĹأûзϣǸƶģʲôʱǿˣ
ǿҪƹֻûҪѣ򽭼ҲܼǰԳƷ֡
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⡭Ҳֲ̫˰ɣ
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ڵôֲôǵЩǱǲ̫Զˣ
ƷҪ˭סˣ
۷׷ףɵ۵ʱ򣬽ϵһڼڳܲסôһٱᣬȻһը˿ˡ
ס֣


727 ɱⲻǸոտʼ
ȴǽ̲סˣܹƷһ˫֮УĮֿ̹ǵĮĮɱ⡣
ԲῴģܵĻôƷ϶ֱӽ
ȻԼȻﻹܵʲôƨĹأǽռϷ磬һ˲֡
ȻռϷȴǱˣǳƷǾͲٹʲôزصˡ
˵ǽδʮϰָҲǽ֮пܿͨˡ
ǾԲһǰ⣬Ҳֱú˵Ʒˡ
ܶɱһǱڵΣվ;Բɳ
ʱ˲ܵ˽ΪҼĿ£۷弶ǿߡ
ʱȫ˳ɲǼ䣬еıͶܵһƵѹܹվȽŸѾûжˡ
Ȼֻй¶һ֣ȴҲúܶ˲ò߾ȫԿ
Ҳڶ̶ʱ֮󣬾ͷӦ˹̾׽ΪʲôˣиǾѵƷĸɱ
Ȼżȴûκΰ취ΪĴڣҪҲûô죬ֻǶ̶̵ʱѣ̶̵ʱڳƷ˵ȴѾˡ
һȭ˽ϵڼףҲʶһʲôˡ
ˣƷɱңҲ˳ƷϾɱ⡣
ƷЦЦ˵ΪʲôңǼΧɱҵʱ򣬿뵽н죿һսң˵ģ
䣡
ȭǿлȭͷݺݵͼֿǸûκôʱڼѾƷƬ
޷赲
أ
һȭȥԭҲΪȫΪޣ˱Ƭ
˶±ˣɵˣ
ǿʲôƷȻɱ˽
ӦǽԶԶȳƷҪǿŶԣǵ˵һ˻ʤĻ϶ǽ
ºƷԽսԽǿƣ˶óƷʤ֮ҲƷɱ˽
ǽҵδҵ峤
ɱˣôưոݣοڽҵĵϣڽҵĵնɱߵĳȥ
ЩͳɵˣԭƷĳºҲɵˣ±ˡ
նɱײĳˡ
ȻϣҲóϣ˺֮䣬ֵǲһģɱƷó򽭼ʩѹǳƷɱǾͱˡ
ˣͱˣ
ºԺ֮ͬʱðôһ뷨Ʒֻǻ˽ǻܹƷƽȥ
ٲˬҵ̬ȣڳƷɱ˽Զܶסˡ
ˣƷˣ
̫嶯ˣ½˭Ȳˣ
˰̫嶯
ƼҼҲû뵽ƷȻôֱʣǿ˵һУʲôƺˡ
ϧˣ
ҲһϧĸоǽǳƷǾž֮һѾˣһһʧ
ڣ˭ֹܹ˭ȥֹϾҪױĽҡ
бͶɵˣոս˽ĽҲеɵˣȻҲƷĸҶ֡
Ԥ֮ڻǳˡ
Ʒϵ£ûܹȵ㣡
ղ붯־ˣڣˣȴżˣ˭óеŭȼա
û˸ǰôͳҪǳƷƣǽҵ鷳һĶǵϡ
˽ԼĵϣǶķ̡
ˣ
Ʒ˵վӣֶһƵӣ·ղǿ񱩵Ľڵһ˲һ
Զ˼꿴һĻС죬֮˸Ÿж飬Ϊ֪ƷԲɱģȴΪ
ǵĻԼ㲻ܽ
ڣɱ˽ĳƷȴҪԱŭĽңôӵõ
ʱоһܶ飬ҪֹͿֹ˵ġ
ףҺͽһ˽ˣʣµľǺǽҵˣƷֱŽ˵
ΧɱҲˣǧ򲻸ãȥΧɱҵļˣ۴֮ŭҾҪ֪ŭҵĴۣ⣬Ǹոտʼѣ


728 ѪѪ
ⲻǸոտʼѣ
Ʒﻰ˼Ѿķǳϣ׵ľưոݡ
ʱ˲֪ʲô飬ҾȻȥϮɱƷļˡ
Ȼȷʵǽҵķ񣬽˵ˣʲôġ
ȻڳƷ˵ú˵ķŭԶ罭ҳֶԸļˡ
ۣ֮ŭ
һԳ¸ɫˢһѿΪҲǲŸո֪顣
ڽոշ飬ûеõϢ˵ҲһĶ⡣
ڳƷ󡱳Һɽׯæ򽭼ʩѹǸոտʼȴ˳Ʒļˡ
ҲС˽ҶڲƷľģôƷڽɵʧѾԹ˱ҪļҲ˲С
ڽ˵Ȼˣڳ˵ýҵóˣôɾǺݺݴҵ
ڣ۳ƷǳҼ˶û£ȻڳƷȴͱˡ
û뵽ǣƷ춼ͱ֮ȴûһ˿һҪ˼ȻҪƽȥ
еʲô
ǸոտʼôĿһϵ£ûܹȵ㣡䣬ŭյ˵ϣץסҪпֶ֪ʲôǾԲԵģ
һأЩ֮Уһӷ˳
Ӹղŵս֮У˶Ѿ֪ˣܳƷľ羿ʲô۷ս
ʱҳ϶Ѿصľ磬ΪˣеԿƷ
ҲѾȺܾˣֻ֮ǰִҪƷһսǸﲻæ
ڣڿֵǶˡ
ǣ͵˶ΪƷᱻҵĳץס¶ֹʱ
أȴֻءء޴ĺ˾ֻˣֻ޴ޱȵѪɫצƾճ֣ҵĳһӾͱץУ֪ʲôʱ򣬳ƷѾһ߾޴ޱȵĹǼܵС
ħ˼ͼħ˼ͼ
һӾ͵ɴ۾һϳѪɫǼܵȷʵǴеħ˼ͼ
һͼʵͷСʵϣͷһֱСһֱעһͼǳƷùΣڲĳƷϵʱȻ֪һЩħ˼ͼ
ʣһʮֿµаһ˲ܹ˵ʵѰĵز
Ȼ֢ǷǳصģܹɵЧ˵˶ǶѾνˡ
ħ˼ͼĵƣΪʲôطôһа͸ҽҷֻĿųƷ³Ʒóħ˼ͼҲ£ΪĶ֡
оԵʵ㹻ѹһǿС
ʹóħ˼ͼĳƷɱÿ£Ѱ۷壬ɲѰ۷尡
ſǣ㻹һȫʬ˵ɣ㸸ĸͬҪܻҲס㣡
µȳҵı־ŭǳ˺ˣǳҹȻǲ½ҵģڽ֮С
ҵĴӪ˶ٽҵʵ֪˺ܹԱѾˡ
ȺˣðȫҪȻҪһսʱһ˵˳µǰǳƷǳô飬ҿ϶ŹģҲܾȵӲҪȥֻ»ᱻۣ
أ˲֣ȴ֪ǳҵĻˣΪĲ˼飬ı°ȫȻ˵
ҪӽһڰƷȳǳ˵ˡ
жٵֻ³Լû֪
һߣǰҲһߵǰˡ
ıͣҲ׷ÿˣǴ󲿷ֵıͶ죬ֻвһɵı֡
Щ˶ֻѰ֡
Ƽһı࣬Ҳ࣬Ҳ˵һߣ˼ҲЮ˵һߣ־£ʲô鶼ˡ
Ϊ׵һޣƼ˵ǰޱأҲ뵽ƷվȻݱ
սۿžһսǸٿˣ붼˳ǧףֻųгƷͽ׵Ķš
ſǣΪҽôȻǷҪɱȫңҲֻѪѪʹΪֹϣǵĸֹ࣡ƷЦĸвѾеĵˡ


729 ͬ
˵ʲôҲû뵽ˣƷȻвֱǵ͵ĲҪˡ
ȻڣȴֻѪɫצץŵĽҵĳϷһҽУȻˡ
ûУǱ֮󣬾ѪѪɫøյˣϵѪ棬ĸӵĿֲˡ
˶ͷһΪǷ֣һսѾǱⲻˣƷɱ˽صĳϣǿ߶Σ˵ܹġ
ұȻҪץ񣬵ǳƷһ˿һҪ˵˼ۿűҪ뽭ĵ׵˼
ʱ˼껺˳Ƽ˶û뵽˼Ȼ˳
ʲôƷҲû뵽˼ͻȻ˳
һǺǿ㲢һսҿͬ˼껺˵
ҲΪƷֻԴӽȴѡ˺ͳƷһͬ
Ʒиж֪еƣ˼ȴ֪£˼ȴԸЩѾҪ˵ʲôˡ
˼꣬ʲô޵ɫҲһԭɽۻ˼ͻȻκϽȥˣһӾͱı
ףСҶ趨·ߣΪҶ㵽˾У㵽ĺǣվǶ㲻ƿأƼңûа취飡˼һЦ
ѾĸʱҲûʲô˼ˣֺںң˵վֻһҲɵվܹɵŮڴˣ
Ȼɣվʲôû˵֣Լ̫Ůˡ
ԼģȻ̫˼꣬Ҫ˵һ鶼ûУҲܡ
УȻ˼뽭֮⣬УȴҲδûΪ˼һɾ뷨
ǴĸǶ䣬ȻҲֻǲģֻʲôͼģδġ
ȴûʲôҵĻˣĻޱֻྴҲͰˡ
ҵĻˣҲѾϰˣڲŷ֣˼ĺܲԸ⣬ֻഺ棬ᷳ
ƽʱԺǳŮµȴһ
˼ꣿ¾Ȼйأ׸ŭɶڽ˵͸ˣǺݺݴ
ǽѡĶϱȻȾⲻǴʲô
ֻµ죬ȫ¶֪ˣ峤ϱȻȻҶԷɱ峤ˡ
ޣ㲻ҽһû꣡״һ
޴ʱҲķҵʱ򣬶ʱ㿪ڵҲ֪飬ҪҸһʲô
Ҳ֮ݲڽףʱȻǳ⣬ֱ衣
ߣºٺ㣬澱Ҫֱָ˼˵Ȼһԧ죬Ҿͳȫ㣡
ٶ˵ʲôϻһ
ʱѾ˹㳡һߣ뽭һǰһ󣬽Ʒ˼˰ΧС
֮⣬ȻǰǰϰٵӰ֣ȻǷףȫϵĸ֣Ҷ֣Ķϵĸ֣й붼ϵĴڣмͬѾ۷塣
լĵ̣ǿµ˼㡣
϶¶˼ص飬ֵĸ֣ѾԺɨһĴˡ
˵֪ⲻǽҵȫʵôҵôӣȻҲɢ˸أһЩҪĲҵҪأкܶģնɱ֣ѰҸĵرԼѰҳŴż
ǽʣģȻǿĿ¡
˴ҵĵ̡
в֪ĸ࣬ڰ˴ҵʵȻֻϣĴǿ䲢صĳ
ҰյĿƼòĿҪ֪¾һľ˾Ҫ˵ûжôܡ
ڽչֳʵǿͿֲȻʵֻ֮һ
ΪǽҵլҸɽׯǰúѵǸﶯúô
ɲֻǽҵլһУֵطúҪ
һֻ¶ò˶٣Щ̫ˡ
ٿƷʱһӶˣѵһжƺõô
Ѿƺ˽޷̫ǿ
ǼˣǿĿ£οǸ˯Ľ棬ʲộ


730 ϰ
˶ûɵ۹⿴ųƷѵһƺõô
Ҳûпܰ
˵ĻǳƷ¾ͱȺܶ²ĻҪµĶˣ
ĻģҲ׼
Ǻܶ˻벻ƷʲôĵƣϾôƷκʤ㡣
ϰ֣ʲôһ֣൱ϰٵ㣬ʲôܹ
ħ˼ͼĻҲܼȻ˵еħ˼ͼԷӵͨľ磬ԳƷĿǰոտ쾳粻õʵǾԷӲġ
οаɴʯǻԱɾ˵˺ɱһǧ˰١
ԶףΪʲô֮ǰɽׯʱ򣬳ƷҵҪʯ
ȻǰгģɽׯȻҲҪʯһȻ˵ģƷҪǵɽׯξ
ƷûǮµĹ˾ɽӵҩ˾ΪѺġ
Ǹʱ֪Ʒ¾Ȼһ乫˾ɽׯ˹۹ȫӳֵϵʲ
Ŵ󵽶ʮרڵĻֵǧڣ֤Ȼɵľ˳Ʒʯ
Ҳû뵽ƷȻ档
ƷӦбĵƾʲôأħ˼ͼɱס˵
ûǰ֣ΪⲻԲֵսϰֱ֣Ӻɱ
οͳƷĹϵҲûеΪĵزȻʵʵ
ɱ
ʱ򣬽ҵһϽѾֱӶˣһɲǼ䣬ؼɱ۶𣬻˿µһ
ǽҵϾѧɱ
֮ǰɱɱûиֻ̣ʩչĹͽֱһһ¡
ͬʱҲ֤ˣȷʵͬҴ˵ȷʵš
겻ʮ꣬ɱϵΪѾԱȼ罭ˣǼվֻǼɣһеĻǱΪ
ɱϵΪͽҲòĶȥĹȴǿ̫ˡ
һ㳡ɱ֮Уһûн赲˶ʱֻú󱳷˳ǧ׻Ҫˡ
ϰֽ֣㹻󲿷˶ˡ
һȻݺݵ¼ˣ
Ʒ̾ͽ˼Լߣһ޴Ѫɫצץȭͷһȭһ
䣡
һ޴ޱȵĺһȭݺݺһײһˡ
Ѫɫ񳱺ɱڷڡ
ÿµһ۷弶Ľô˵ɴ۾·ǲ˼顣
۷ʲôĴڣ˵ѾͨһС֮⣬Ϊǿˡ
ͨʲôĴڣײᶯ֣ΪѾбҪǶֲܻɱˡ
۷ǳǿսˡ
£Ҳܹ۷ĸ֣ڿˣܹ𺳡
ƷȻǽħ˼ͼӵһĳ̶ˣ
ָųƷ˵ҿҲڳħ˼ͼķɣа󣬵ǺܶʱȴҪаķɵģûܹ׵ĳһַɵ
ߣ
ԼһƷֻĿųƷ˵ƾʵҲҽҽа壿ħ˼ͼҲס㣬ȻҪ
ΪҾôƷ˵˵Բˣ
˵ţƷһѪɫٶȶˣ϶һڳѪ۶ɵģԹ꣬ȻȻһӻ˳ȥ
һȴǳŽ棬ҲǳŽףֱӳϰٵĽҸ֡
һԹ˻һնһҵ֡
ҵָûƷͻȻ֣ڽͽ׵ѹ֮£ƷȻҳ֡
ǵոҪʱ򣬶Ȼȴ·𿴵Թɱ˹һ˲һӣȻȴѾˡ
˱ն룬Ȼ˵ľѪͱһѳ˸һɶޱȵĹ졣
ֱӾͱ˸ˣ
ħ˼ͼаֹȻҲǺайصģʲôķ
㾹Ȼң
ŭɶƷǰȻɱǽҵˣֱд
һ˲䣬ϵͷ˿ֱӰ׵·տɫ֮һ㣬ֱӳųƷк˹ȥ


731 ݵ۷壬ɱ
䣡
Щֱ֮Ӻħ˼ͼϣѪɫö΢΢Ĳ
ʵ̫ǿˣĹҲǺ׷йصģʱһӱ˳
׷ͿһеаֻһѣȻħ˼ͼҡҡ׹֮ơ
ƾһħ˼ͼҲҵǰƣЦһ𿴳Ʒղô͵ץصĽҳϣƥʵϣ˵Ǹʲô
غ۷壬ͲһϵĴڣ
ֻһ˾ܹʰӵħ˼ͼĳƷ
ƷҲ΢һЩʵϣ֮ǰ˼ħ˼ͼһ⣬ȫɨ˷ܵ
Ψܴ죡
ǽһˣͲӵħ˼ͼ֮£ҵĶҲȽҪ١
˵ʵڽ֮ϣĹǿħ˼ͼ
ȻҪƾűʵ
ƷҡҡͷȴʧΪϵһˣὫħ˼ͼֶʹãȻǵ˱Ʋѵʱ򣬲Żѡʹá
־ܰɣܲˣ˵
֮⣬мͬ۷ĸֽƷΧסΧϰͬڲ
ΧеĳƷôأܻ
ȻƷǶħ˼ͼûа취⽭׵ģ˵ҼĴֻǺܶ궼û˼ˣȻδͨľ磬ǹҲӿֲˣ
ϧˣǳҳһ콾ȴûа취ǸµĻ˿˵̫嶯ˣʱ֪ͨҲ
ǸҵĻޱȵź˵ΪޱȸȴһĬĬŵĻˣػµĳɳɼĻҵġ
ڿһ콾Ҫ䣬вϧ֪ﲻˣҲȲˡ
ΪҸҪǽҸֻۣӵĳ̶ôƷһЦȻԱߵ˼꣬˵ͷ˵ģЩ߹
ףû˵һ仰ҪʦڵģƷ
Ū飡׸ƷϡװŪ
ѾˣƷҲڳżΪǿҵʹȥҪǳ֣ƷͻԼԼϡ
ƷӻͳһҩƿȻ󵹳һöҩѸײڶ֮ƾ˽ȥ
̽ȥһ˲䡣
䣡
ϣһɿֲϢͷ˳
ʲô˶ˣƷֳľս㹻˶𾪡
ΪǸоһɿµıը˳Ȼѹȫ
۷壡
Ȼһӿ۷塣
˶ɴ۾š
֮ǰƷ˵ģҪһʦʲô˼Ҳȫǵ֮⣬ΪĵҩҲŹ
ڣƷǸոտ쾳ûжöѣһ۷壿
ѧĵط
ϸܹˣȷʵû۷壡
ֲֿƣдģ׵ĻҪֲĶˣټħ˼ͼȻһһ˱ѹȫĸо
̷ʲôҩôôֲ
˶һӷˣʲôĵҩôôࡣ
׺ͽҲһӾ͸ܵһɿֲѹ
ɲǼ䣬ͽƸѹȥ
ȿԵģޣԹ壬Ȼһӿ˳Ʒ
˰ʵ޷ܹƷڷǵʵƵı󣬾Ȼڻơ
ȻΪûдﵽͨľ磬ӦÿֶģǳƷϵʵ̫Ũˡ
һֻּڿҪ˵ϡ
νӡ÷ڣֻҪѪ֣֮
Ʒ֣ȫ˸ɸɾһ㶼ʣ
ˣһطȫһ̣
Ψˣп˾˵Ч
ȫˣǺȻض˵ˣΪʲôƷôŨĸԭ
ûƷǷαħ嵤ʵǵز
ǷˣҲܿ쿴˳ƷڵΪˣԲóֶô
׵ҲɣȫΪܹӴʱĳƷϸовôģڳƷˡ
û°ɣ˼굣ĵĿųƷܹܵƷǿȻҲ֪ҪĴۡ
û£һܿͻˣ


732 ȭ򽭼Ҵ
ƷĻ䣬ЩҵĸֶʱͷһΪǴʱٸСƷˣʱĳƷѾ㹻һв
ȴĸʼأƷ˵Ƭ֮䣬Ѿԭʧˡ
ʲôʧˣ
˵ɴ۾۵˫ϣûа취ϳƷٶȡ
ٶȿʱȴѾ˽ҵȺ֮С
ϣžؽֱһնɵһֵԴ
ǸҵָӦ
ʵٶ̫ˣ
ƷɾűٶȱѾ˿ֲˣοڣٶȸǿ쵽ѰֶѾ׽ĵز
ɱ
ЩҸҲǳ԰׷ģǸмغصĶ֡
Щ߶εĸ֣ƽʱȥһǺ绽ĴڣһһӿֲʱǵķӦҲܿ죬׷׷ų˴У˳Ʒϡ
أ
أ
أ
һ޴ĺЩ߶εĸֵĹȫ䵽˳Ʒϣȴ˲Ʒȴϲ֪ʲôʱѾһѪɫһİС
Ǵħ˼ͼ֮зѳһڿ۷壬ʵǣҲܹóħ˼ͼĸܡ
Ϊ˼껹һ޴ޱȵѪɫõı֮£ǲħ˼ͼ֮ҪĲ֡
ƷֻǷѳһȴѾˡ
ֱЩ߶εĸֵĹƷָȭȻֱһȭ˳ȥ
һصĽҸָͱһȭУؿһ˲ͱȫľѪҲһ˲䱻˸ɾóƷǸÿ׵Ѫĸӵҫˡ
أ
أ
أ
Ʒһȭһҵֱȭͷʱһ޴һ㣬ɨеˣˡ
۷弶ĸֵĿֲ
Ƕ̶ʱ䣬ȻѾʮҵֲ˳Ʒϣⲻͬڽһ֧飬һ֧սӻҪҪ߼̫ˡ
ȻʱڳƷǰһ
˻ÿֲɱ¾
ƷĵôȻֲ
ɱ¾첻ܳƷ³ֻ¶ˣϼʮ֣κε˳Ʒˣ
ڳı֮УкܶͽҲĦģǽǿƣ˲ϲǳͽǲܣǽǿŻоðˬ
Ʒҿ
ʱѾŭĿԲҵһᣬץ׼˳ƷֵʱѾ˳Ʒǰ
˸ϳƷٶȣǽȴͬʵͬѾ۷ľ磬³Ʒ
˭֪Ʒڵ
ܾˣ
Ʒתһȭ˳ȥ
ɱ
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ƷǿȻѾԽǵƾҩģȴȻҪֲ
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ɳȥʮףݺˤ˵ϣҽвѡ
ȭѣʹһ۷ĽҴϣ
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˰һˣ˭ܹᲢۣ
ԭһĽҴϾȻֽһһ
ǽ治һڵĳƷ̫ˣ


733 ʮȭһȺ۷
һȭ˽ıһȭͽ
Ʒĸúܶ˿Ŷһֵĸо
һȭȥ㳡ըѿһǿֱӺɨ˷
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һĻҲɵƿڶȻ֪Ʒǿҩģֲֿɱ¾ЧʣһȫѪڵĸо
ʱţƷǵõһܴܴĴˡ
ĿǰչֳʵǱ̬ʣǸ̬ĵҩûдУûиŵܹõóġ
Ҳ׿ɵˣƷ֮ǰ˵ģնɱŸոտʼȻ˵󻰣˵ʵ
ֻʵ˶Խܡ
׸ǿĿѣŭɶ޲ҪƷ˺һ
һȭ˽֮󣬳ƷֻЦЦ˵ǸոտʼɲҪ̫ˣ̫ոд˽٣
ƷĻýµӵܶ۾ͬʱаƷƻôҪڽլ֮УƷʮǧˡ
ǵϣȻҪúÿʲôִƼ۷ҲܺһٴΡ

ҵЩֶƷˣŭ˼£һ˳
һ˲䣬Щ־ͳųƷ˹ȥ

ƷڿŰħ嵤Ƿħ󷨶һֵҩȷʵ˲á
˵꣬ƷֻһȭϣһֱԻ˳֮ǰɱʱһ޵Ӱʵ˺ܶࡣ
ԴԴϵ֮ͷ˳
޲
ƷһȭɱĽֱӱ˳ȥ
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סҲ״̬ܹãʱһصĸִŭ
һʵҩﶼڱż˺㣬ʱƣԽǿʱҲԽ
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Ļ䣬ֻоһɿ񱩵ϯ˾ͱһֺֻݺݵİ˵ϡ
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Щ֮˼״ֻǸ˳Ʒ㣬϶ֲ˶ˣͬ˼Ѫһɱ
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޲
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һȭܹ˽Ἰҵĸ֡
ҵǺܹܶ࣬סӵģһոտ켶ĸ֣ҪķԴȥпܳɹ
˵Щ֮еĸ֣ǲ֪˶ٴۡ
Щ˾óƷ̫ˣר֣ЩȴøνҪ˵ɵĻôȵϽأôΧƷһ

ڳƷնɱʮҵ֮ڱǼѾ˵Ľ۷ĸָΧסˡ
Щ󷨣ƷΧסЩ˵ʵҲȻһһȫµ۷壬󷨼ӳɵ
Ʒˣ
ЩѾ˫Ŀͨ졣
ã۷ȷʵǿҲ㿴ɣƷϲûбΧסĽȸкΣС
ʱЩҵĸַ׷ŭ׷ʹóɱЩʹɱǿ󷨣һڿֲޱȵĴ󵶣ݺݵĳųƷնȥ
޲
Ʒٶһȭֱӻһ޴ޱȵ޵Ӱ
޵Ӱָȭһȭһ
䣡
㳡𶯣µıըϯ˿ЩһıѾ˳ȥʣµľһЩ㹻ǿǿߡ
ʱڹ㳡ΧҲн縴ˣǽҵսನ˽ҵլġ
⣡
Ǽҵĸ˺üնһѾױƷˡ
һ֮͵סλ۷ĸֵϮƷʱħһ㣬ɨ޵УѰ
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Ʒһֱһȭ
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ƷǷһ̶ʱڣһʮȭ޲㳡ʮδ͵ϴһ
˵ԶıˣҵЩֶá
ٶܹеʱȴǼΧƷ۷ĸ֣ȫѪȫĹͷ׷׶ѣһ˲䣬Ȼأȫ


734 𺳣渴
䶨˶˳еɵۣȻƷǵѾ㹻ˣǺǰȴʲôˡ
֮ǰеʧȲһ۷ĸֱɱҪ
˵ֱƷˡ
һĴ飬ȴǸһıƷɱˡ
ʱƷֶˣ˿ӭƮ֮䣬Ȼϵһ㡣
ˣһͱˣ˾˵֮ǰֻǾóƷҪͱˣһƷǿҪͱˣͱˡ
۷ĸڽڲλȨأưһĴڡ
ھӱնɱˣҪˣҲҪ𶯡
Сӣ޴ٿƷ֮УȻ˼ͣȻǾóƷˣһʱ̵ս㣬ȻʱƷĹҲþ̾
ʻԶ֮ѡϧҪˡ
ΪƷɣȫһ˿ڶûУʮȭ޲Ȼ̶ʱھѾȫָġ
ü֮ڼأÿʱÿ̶ڼء
ʶ㣬Ѿˣֻ³Ʒ̷ĵҩѰӹĵҩʱޣҺͱ߶йϵ
Ʒ̷ĵҩӦýϳʱޣĳʱ޵Уǹ󣬲Ƿ߶⡣
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ף󻰺αض˵б¾ɱңɱң콭ұд٣Ʒ䵭˵
ƷǲΪø߿ƼǽҾû취ˣ״һ棬ɱпܣ
³ƷǴʱڣܶѾƿأʱѾɱɱƷˣƷ϶ģǵÿôɱˡ
ܹȺۣһôĸ֣Ǳ˿ˡ
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ҵַ׷״б͵鶼һӱˣȻ׽Ҹ˵澿˭
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˶Ϣ˶֪һսҪĻˡ
ΪƷΣǴ˵нĶ֣ͨĸжôĿֲܹ֪Ψһ֪ǣҲܼɵ
ƷҲȻûм棬ˣּ֪ĸжôĿºͿֲ
ȴڽլĺ󷽣һâʣŰĹâ˺ѿһУڰ籬˿̫Ŀֲâ
һɿֲܺɨڳеֶоһɿµѹѹԽǿĸ֣ܵԽ̣·Դѹεѹơ
˾һݣ֪ʲôĴڣǱǽ档
ʲôˣȻҽҷأһżĲ
˾ֻһӰ̤ŶݹӽլӶ
û֪һӰôģĿֱϵһ
ƷһĽ׳ߣ׷ͯգȣأɱ˲пơ
棡
ҵЩ˶ǿ˾һ㣬׷׾˳
˶ܼڳƷһ˲Ҫ˽ҵʱ򣬽ˡ
£λǿļ֮һ
ôñ˳Ʒһۡ
û棬ɱ˽ɱҽҴĸ֣кü۷ĸְ棡æ˵
Ʋһ۽ף׶ʱĵͷ˽˼ǾôԸˣȻҪٻʵ̫ûˡ
Ҳ̷αħ嵤֮󣬳Ʒֲ̫ˡ
޷ܹ˲ǿôࡣ
ߣħ˼ͼôһаȻˣӹĵҩаС治мЦһ˵
·ͿϳƷ˵ЩȷʵСʲô
ƷֻĶŽ棬õľֻˣаû
۵㻹ûʸ񣡡˵ɣҽɵʧҲ
ȫң嶼Ҫ
˵ţһֱֻ֣ӳųƷץ˹ȥ


735 ʦݵƷ
ͨĸֳ֣жֲɲǼ䣬Ʒ͸ܵˣһɿֲ־סԼһζܲĸо
һˣ־ûУٶȲ죬ȴǺƵ޷ֵ޷ܿ
䣡
һֻݺ˵ϣըκεĵ棬ʱȻĳһ޴ѷ졣
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ͨĸжôĿ£ɴ˿ɼһ㡣
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ССͣɱļأҪ˳
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ţǻһֳֻųƷץһֱֻӸ㳡һƬƲʣա
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ܶ˸󲻵ͨĸжôǿͿ£

˼꾪ħ˼ͼ֮УȴʲôҲˡ
أǧһ֮ʣһֲĹâǴңԶ֮ϼɲǼ䣬ѾˣǽĴ֣һӣͱ˸ɸɾ
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һˬʵһӰ̤Ŷݹ
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ֻǵӡ֮УԴӦ۷Ŷԣ̤Ŷݹ֣Ѿﵽͨľ硣
Ȼܹ̤նУǲǷУͨĸַΪӵѰ޷ǿܹͨõġ
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ǲΣοͨ磬Ǻʱͨ磬ʵ
ڳı֮в٣۷ĸҲ˫֮ǿԴ֮УĽ
ΪҲѾߵٽˣΪˣ֪Ҫͻһߣжôѡ
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ԭͬһϵĽԴ󣬾Ȼһͨľ磬ѾһˣΪǶⱲӶ粻ȥ
ֻһ֮֮
ɻڷףԴȴѾھ֮ϡ
ԴˣƷһԴ׼һŵƣûпͨĽԴĻ֣Ҿˡ

ԭĵڣͣʱΪʲôԽƷȻ˵ƶˡ
㡭Ҳϳ˽ԴĴڣ


736 ͨĸ֣ն
Ϊһϳ˽Դ֮ǰԴݼǺܾǰˣʱѾͨǿߣԴ󲻹ֻһѰ߶ѣ۷嶼ûп롣
һ˵ʱĽԴѾһ۲۵ĴˣȻ˵ɲֻһѰСѡ
̫ˣ۷ĸ֣һٸҲδһܹͨ硣
һǰ·ˣ֮ûãЩ˶··ϣÿǰһΪ֮··
һȱ㹻ԴһҪͨľ磬Ѷȸһܹĵġ
û⣬ȴ룬սԴȻĿ磡
ǰΣ֮ͨ˫ƽƽˣ½ԴֱԪ޾ı
ֻں֪ıˣԽƺ֪ıʲôҲ˸ֱ
޷Ǿ˶ѡ
ֶһ
ңҲû뵽ɣԴ󵭵һЦ˵
ĵӣָųƷ˵
Ѿû֮ǰǰ磬ΪԴȷʵ㹻ǿ󣬺ͬһ缶Ĵڡ
ҵ״ӣɱܣԴ󵭵˵
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Ҳͨǿߣôһžͷ˳ƷԺʲôϣ
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ʱѾкܶ˺μˣϯûϣûɣܾҪԼˡ
Ȼˣ͸ͽһոտ㻹ףͬͨľ磬һǿ֣֮ˣն
ĻһƬȻնɱĴڣ
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˵ͷͬ˸߿գ˫ܿûǿ֮С
˲ɵһվ˻ǵģ治ڽլɱ䣬ȻҵʱԱ⡣
ԴҲ˼ǽеڣӵĴڣǵԼɴڡ
䣡
ͨĸûǿպ󲻾ãʹ˿µıըΪңԶܹܵսನ𺳡
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ĿתĶϿֻ̫ңԶˣǼ㽫ӿ˫֮УܹĶɷǳޡ
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ʱٽת˳еĳƷȴɻǱֶ·һ㣬û˸С˳Ʒˣһʮ궼ĺȻð˴֮һĽҸƵϣֱȫ˵ϵġ
˶ΪѰ·ʱϵ߸˵ۣ˶Ϊ顣
Ҳﲻˣף׼ôƷĿǰĽ˵뵽ĸڽ֣֮Ƭ̣һжˣܹɱҲ޼¡
뵽еŭڵһð˳
ƷҲòϣȷʵ㹻ҳ֮⣬ΪΪ֮ûһôЦһȫͷ˳γ˿񱩵֮һ˴֮ĳìӽլ˳ץϡ
ɲǼ䣬·֮һ㣡


737 еĽ
׵ϣһìϷ֮ڣѾһƬĺ
ȻΧر󣬵Ǻʣһ
˵ǷǳѵõĶ
ƷеľؽѾ๤ҵģʽ֮¶ıˣԲǿţʵ
ǼųҲֻѰķǷȴͬĳ˵ǳͨĸ֣֮ҲֻּĸֲܹʹЩ
ǳƷħ˼ͼÿһʹã˺ʯǶɾ޴˺
ǻʼս壬ǰ漸εսǿʹħ˼ͼҲսˡ
ʵǿʹ÷һֶѣ
ϵһ˳ìϿܱħ˼ͼҪһЩǳƷҲܽħ˼ͼӵ£˿޼
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׿ųƷ֮г޾ɱ⣬Ʒ̫̫ıˣൽҵļе㴭ĵزˣΨɱƷܹıһС
ƷҲŽ˵ˣûǺúùҪľѾ߸ϣ˵ˣҼС㱰΢Ҳ֪ҵķŭ
ЩҵӵƷô˵ɵһĳ嶯
Сð΢ð
ʱĳƷЩͨϣһԵˡ
˵Լ΢Сһ̲ס˵ĸо
Ǻܶȴ׳Ʒ˼۸˵αħ嵤ƷνǿҪվ۷ˣȻԽȻ˵
ⲻǽ߱ıɽһǶѣ
ǳƷгһգܹͨ磬ӵʸͽƽƽ
Ƕ֮ǰȥƷ˵飬ͻȻе㵨ַӲµģһֱǸ߸ϵЩ˵ֹŲ´ЬģһУҰѻʵ
뷨˺ܶ࣬ȴǷëǡ
ƫƫƷһëǵˡ
һˣȻҽңᣬȻƷʱǿûнƷ˹ʺ˶ѡ
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ʱȴһ˳ìڳƷӦʱ򣬾ʹ˳Ʒͷ­ֱӴ̴˳ƷһѪɫá

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ʱǧһ֮ʣƷȻһת˹
ȻֻǼ򵥵һȭ˳ȥ
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ȭìײһֻһ޴ֱضžҵĶ
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ʱ˵Ŀȴ֮УһӿֲĴսˣ̶ʱ䣬ĸ߲㡣
жͨǿߣĹҵĴս˲ĸ߲㡣


738 
ôһ£Ϊʲô֣
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һνҲܹɳ۷壬ǻ֪Ҫ꣬Ǽ۷Ķ֣Ҳʵʵܺ࿹⡣
ǳƷɳ߶Σпܽǵ֮Уڴ֮ǰЩеǰֻ΢ᡣ
Ǿһ΢Сȴڽ˾񳱡
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ǵõϢƷֱһ·ģ£˵һεжʧء
ںܶ˿ƷˣҲֲϳƷһδʧ־Ͳ֪ʧ˶٣Ϊ츳ĽҲ˳Ʒϡ
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Щϵʱ˶еɵۣʲôȻ֪
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ܶ˸Ǿ㵵ķ˽ԴȻѾͨľ硣
Ҫ֪ԴԭҲֻһ۷ǿߣ˵ĹƣӦûпܿͨ˲ŶԣԴҲΪ֪Ŵսġ
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739 Կ߿Ƽ֮
һ˲䣬㾲ȻϣȴҹʱӰ
˶ɵ۵ĿǰһУƷϵһ㣬ʵǵĽףԳƷʱ޷ֵס
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Щ֮绯һž޴һЩͼӽȫ磬ը˿
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ڣƷǿ˿Ժ͸߿ƼĶʲôӵġ
Ȼô̶̵һʱ䣬ʮֱ̨Ӻ˳˲ɵþ˳Щ׸ߵĻףȻȫǿ߶εĸ߼ףԼЩͼܹȵġ
漴ҲͻȻˣҪ֪¾һҾ˾أȻЩ˾ļغϸ񣬵Ҫ˵̶ûУǲŲ˼ء
Щ˲ͷӣһӽ׺һشĽһͬȥһԼĪŶʮܻ̳ʱ䡣

ƷһսìɨһɱǰĻһ˲ͱͱ˸ԴսìȥƲӻ׵ı˳Ʒβ֪ʲôʱѾϵˣֱһץסսì˲׷˽ס


740 һɱһˣ
Щ׶ͻףЩͻԵأԷӦ죬ɲǼ䣬Ѿ˳Ʒǰ

Ʒһеĳìɨôնǳһһܻն룬˵ĿƼɵĻսìǰʲô
ֱӽһܻն룬Ȼ־ǽһ̨ɱĻͱ˸Դ
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ȻܿҪ׷ȳߵĽףʱƷǵУһɱ񣬸޷赲

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ԶԶģЩͿȥҼˣﻹнҼϺǿƣһУǱгƷȵġ
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ǿޱȵѹɨ˷˵Ŀһӱסˡ
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741 ͳĸ
˶Դ仰ŵˣһըˣƼҵ˶һ±ˡ
ƼƼ˵жôҪʵض˵һֻƼڣǶһεĶסƼҵľ档
ЩƼҳΪ˴֮һľƼ档
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Щ֮ΪߣһȻȻƼɢǿޱȵѹ˫ĿѾʧȥɡ
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طǰڳŴ֮пᵽִûطҲ֪浽ǴĶõġ
ƼҵɫһӾͱˣɫһӲ԰ˣޱȵѿ
ΪһƼھȻ䵽³
ΪƼҵļĸ࣬ѹƼԽԽˡ
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ûһô鷳ֻҲû뵽ȻƼƳ˻˿ܣղһö׾ܹҪ
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أʱһսԶ˹ɵ˵м䣬Ŵ򿪣һϽӳ˵ǰ
λͳ´ͳ˲ü֣Լȥͳ飡


742 ֮սĻ
Ľ˶û뵽ģ˵ͳȻԹע顣
漴ҲͻȻˣҲûʲôֵģ֮Ѿ˵ͱˣ൱ڹʱúҺˣ£޶ԣҲˡ
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ϧˣƷԸ̫ˣܾ˵ķµĻ̾һ


743 ľκ
֮սĻȴǺ˵ըһһҹ֮ʹϲ֮С
Ϣ˵ǱըԵģǳӵܳƷһ֮ҪұϾ·ɱҸҼ׶˳ƷС
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ƷֻӳĽһնڵأʱΧѾ˸ֺ˵ʬףÿһ϶ǿϢǰǿߵݡ


744 Űɣһģ
ڰѪصɱҲˣƷЦһЩΧǺڰѪصɱ֣Ϊɱ֮֯һڰѪصɱֿ˵ŷɥ
˵Сֹһ㶼ţڳƷ˵ȴʲô
αħ嵤޵УȻѾ˵죬ھƿȴľˡ
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Ȼ죬һƿأҲľˡ
ͬʱҲܹо˥ܣƣÿһϸڳת
ѾҪٽıԵˣǵһѹƵԽݣ󷴵ҲԽ
ƷǺڰѪزŹģ
ϣһϵĸնϴ˺ڰѪصĸֵĽ
Ǿɵƣ
ƷһŲնˡ
Դǰӽ뿪֮󣬾⵽˸·ֵΧȻҰͳֱӶ֣νóƷ첻ǳ滰ѡ
ΪóƷ춼Ը⣬޲óƷϾ
ԽҵĲҪȫͳƷͷںڰĺ䶯֪˵ڰ絫ԼʵһЩĵɱ֯·ڵĸ޷֮ɱҳƷ鷳
̶һʱ䣬ƷѾ⵽ϰٴε׷ɱ׷ɱĸҲϵĴڣв֪˶ٻףи·ͱ
ֻĳƷ˵ɱ٣һûСʱĳƷ۷һˣ͸֧֮󣬳ͨĸ֮⣬Ҳûκζˡ
һǧڵͣһǺôֱʣԼĶˣƷЦһ˵
ǧڵʽֻΪһ˵ͷ֪ҶڳƷѾ޵ʲôزˣǸһĵزˡ
ԼҲȷʵ̫䶯ˣԱߣ˼վţ硣
һϮɫĳȹĸ˾ķɳˡ
һѱѪһһεһڰѪصɱҲмɱ
һ겻ȻΪƷ磬Ƽȫ֧֮£ҲѾ쾳磬ͬεУҲֻڳƷ֮¡
Ϊ뽭ŵԣڶƼҵˡ
ֻһϣмֵǣ촽΢Ƕ˵죬˵޽ô
ǲ²ȷʵ
Ʒ˼꣬¶˼ֵǵ飬ɵæ˵ҵİ취ֻҪչغܳһʱ䣬ʱҿ²ٱˣƼȻѾʧȥıǱϾǰ˴֮һƼҲȫģ
ǵģƷǽ˼ͻƼңһʱ䣬Ʒȫչأαħ嵤ĺ֢
ǵʿĵȻգȴҲһ
Ҫȥ׷Ѱһȴýߵ˰ٺã˼ȻԭƼ֮ûʲôλģڲͬˣʮͿ쾳磬ڽҲûܹõΨ˼һˡ
ƼҲܲӣȻƷ㾪ޣǳƷҲųôһ
˼갲ٺ֮󣬳ƷҪȥĸҲٺãõİ취ǽͻسլ
ô˵֮ǰҲѾһϵǽȻõҵıӣȻĻԽʲô鶼óķ񣬳ƷҲļ˻⡣
Ȼ֮ǰûȫֳ֧ƷǳƷȴҲǣΪȻҪҪ˵óΪͽȫ濪սûôҪ
ƼӣϵԼ棬пܡ
һڳ֮ǰѾˣûԵ޹ʵİҲûԵ޹ʵĺޣ
һ
Ʒ˼꣬˵
˼ǭ΢΢˵㣬ȴ쳣ļᶨ
ȴģҪŬУ֮ǰǰֻܿţҲﲻϳƷæ
ĸµǸĿԴˡ
ûãƼ˵ѾˣȻƼҼޣڰæ֮ǰ
ɼ˼ӣǰΣ˼Ƽ֮ͬн죬Ǳ֮Ҳǲʵ
޿˳ƷҲֻ΢΢˵ͷ֮΢мֿϧóƷѾŨ˼£ҪһΡ
ĸпҲֻһ¶ѣȻͽ˼ˣҲǳƷ֮ǰͺͨġ
ȻƷ˵ٻģȻȴûŹǲǽڶѡ
޽˼ߣƷֻоһɣնյ˳·ϢĸѾӵ˳լ֮С
³Ʒȫģȥ׷Ѱһˡ
Űɣһģ


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745 ꣬
ѧԴĵ֮Уһ֮ڣʦͽԶ
һΣ鷳ʦˣ
ƷŽԴʵĵл˵
˻бҪ˵ЩôԴҡҡͷ˵
ȻһΪƷͽ˺ˣǶ˵ⶼʲôûгƷİͽ˺Ҳûᡣ
۷忴ݣڽ֮ȼҲ˫֮˵ָ߿ƼͽƽƽʸûӴ
ԽദԽǾãԼͽܿ϶д컯Ŵܣ֪ĶõһĴ󴫳ˡ
ÿ˶Լܣʲô
ղ챨ѾˣÿһϸܻԾǶڳתһֹͣҩЧ̼ˣֻ»̱Դü΢ĵ˵
Ʒڿǿ󣬵ʵ͸֧ѾصִĿѧҽƿƼ޷ĵزˡ
ƷһȻӣǲ֪ʲô취
֪
Ʒܹо忪ʼˣѾ˴ˣֵʹ
αħ嵤Ĵ򷨣һӵ֮⻻ȡһʱļԻ͡
а취УҪ̵ʱ䣡Ʒ
Ժ֮УֳһƪΪĹǼ¼ڻʼսϵһŹҲǻʾģһӹϵĴڿĹ
ȡԷԭÿһηܹĸӵǿ
Ҳˣһж¿ʼڱ²Żʹõġ
֮Ҳӹɣһ˶޷Ź
ǳƷĿǰΪֹΨһİ취ˡ
ǻΨһ
û⣬ҪԭҺѾ׼ˣֻҪȥͿˣԴ˵
Ʒ˵ͷԴ˵ԭҺҲƼһ־Ʒֱṩָ𴿴ҺҪ󣬼ֵǡ
ڵĽԴݵλ˵ȴʲôˣͨǿ߶òԭҺҲֻܱˡ
Ǻãһе֮˵ɣƷҼˣҵĹ˾Ҫʦչˣ
û⣬ֻҪһûҾܹһƽ
Դһͨǿ鶼Ҳ̫ˡ
ƷŷˣֻµĵһգԴµĵڶգܹȥչ
Ʒһҵһߣһ޴ޱȵĲۣѾע˴ɫҺ壬Ĺ
ƷУʱоһӴԪ֫ٺÿһë֮бӿ룬ȻʼѾҪϸ
ԭҺҽƿƼľƷԳƷڵ״һƷѾһôûˡ
ˣƷܹоⲻ谭һ˥ܵḶ́廹һת˥ܣȥ
Ʒ۾ʼͬʱתʼһ֮˳Ҫ޾İΧ
ѿһ㡣
ڣʼˣ
ԴųƷȫ״̬̾һΪܹóǳƷҲûʮİգܹΪƷģҲֻЩˡ
ϣټ֮գ
־͹ҵĴţ硣
ʱһһĹȥڣƷˣÿһϸ
Ʒһȫϸֹͣתʧһһ˵磬ݼţ㡣
ڼʧܵʱԺ֮һöͻȻһ߲ʵĹâҫ֮еÿһϸ
Ȼֻôһ¶ѣЩҫϸ·ĳһصı仯תȫȫ
Ҳ֪˶ãһ֮ͻ޾ŵİΧ֮б˳
һһϸһһŵǳһ֮е棬ʼһһ㣬ָ

ԽԽϸָ˻ԭҺ֮еһתĹ̡
ʼָ𽥿ʼʶһּ״̬·һ״̬֪ʶҲʶ֮з֡
ĵطҲܹ⣬ȥ̫ɵĸҲȫõֲ
ƷϵϢԽԽǿᣬ֪Ѿָ۷壬ǻδֹͣȻٶȳ۷壬뵽һ硣
ƷԼûڼȥһδ֪ͻƺͽʱ
أ˹ȴǲ֪ʲôʱԭҺѾȫչˡ
ƷʶĿһ¸նˣһαչȻʱ䡣


746 ۷壬ǰδеı
ʱһμţ
ѹ˵£Ʒ˵΢΢Щɳơ
ʵԭҺͻȻֹͣ˹ܻҪӲͣգͣͻơ
ʱ֮Уǰһ꣬ϾһƬţڷǰΪڰʱ̡
ڻָʱ򣬻һʱ䣬Ʒ»ָԭе۷壬һͻƣһ
һεԭͻǰûԵģȫλ
ԴҪǵʵļ֮Уڵļ䡣
֮ǰȻеʵļ䣬Ҳֻô䣬ҲֻҪʱһЩ
ʱļ̫Ӵˣǹڴ򣬸Ѱܹõġ
һȫĻֻ̾ͻᱻɰ׳գ˵ʵļһֻõϵʱ򣬲Żʹó
һβһһֵʵļתԼĸ򣬿˵ΪδһǳʵĻ
Ͼǵʵļ䣬ܶĶǵǰ֪ǴһǳߵĽǶȸڳƷڵľ硣
νݽ겱ͨʼ֮жڴ󵽵֪Ʒ׵ľͿԸԼ滮һ̹;κκ֢
ʱ䣬˵ΪϵĽ̫죬Ƕ޵˵ȴޱȵҪġ
֮УҲһƷΪǵָ۷壬һأսɨص߶εĸ֡
Ҳ۷壬һƷȫ··һ׾ϴ裬ԭʧ١
һͻƵأֻϧҪͻƵʱԭҺȴѾˡ
ɵе֣ȻԭҺȷʵܹ󣬵ԽԴݵλڹӦ
ȥʱ֮УԭҺϵĹӦϰڣ⻹ǽǳƷһõ
Ϊ۸ʵҲûܹΪҲûãûôû
ôͻȻһӵĶأ
Ʒеֱ֣ӵȨޣڣȨ޽ڽԴ
Ȩ֮󣬳Ʒ֪ԴȻ¶ûлˣһλΪƷԭҺǻǰǰˣ֮УԭҺȫһˡ
齪ԴҲˣΪ˶ΪƷѾˣ֪Ȼţôֱ롣ŭ֮µĽһʲô飬޷
Ҽ㽭ҲֻҪϻһĴۣô϶дѴѵ֯Ը֡
¥ڰѪɱ֯ɱͳ鶼ɵóοɱ֮С
ѵǱʲôסôƷɵЩ֡
ƷԭչأҲֻһ֮ң΢Ҹطչأͻˡ
һ¸ն˴Ǹĸ÷ģȻѾ˵ˣҪչغܳһʱ䣬ϢǻÿһʱͻᷢһϢ㱨һĿǰ
һգۣʱ䶼ȥˣĸڳҲѾȶҲ˸ϾҪϴѧˡ
Ʒƺ֮󣬳չֳ˾˵츳ǸոսѾ˺쾳磬𾪳£Ǳҵص׼᱾߿״Ԫġ
潫ԼΪĽȫϢˣԳƷܹ֪ʱ֮УĽжвɵޱο
ĴɱȵĳƷҪöˣһж˳£˳ˮۣǵĳƷνһһѪӡģνޱȼѣɱһѪ·
ҲǳƷôƴĳ֮һ
ȻƷЩϢ֮΢һ磬;㵵ķ֣Ƕ̶ʱѣѾ˷츲صı仯
˵ȥʮ꣬ϰıʼûĸࡣ
һ飬һǰͳʧ
飬һǰʱˣͳλʮ꣬ѾϰĴڣҲϰͳ֮£նһ·ǰ
ͳʧ֮Ȼ˵ͳǶ룬һʧȻƴάͨڲڲңϲѾҳһˡ
Ǻܶԭͳǿ֮²ŲûԼȻʼ
Ҳͳʧʱ䲻ǺܳЩ˻δܹȷͳѾȥĻҪӻҡ
Σһҵˡ


747 ۸ţ
ͳʧ飬ʱγɵķ籩ûӰ쵽ͨڣΪֵķȻ߸ϵĴﲻѰ˷ϣǶ֪ͨ˲Ļ
ǵĹ˾ǵĹͨ˲ܹת
ͨĻһͨˣᶼˣᶼˣҲӰǶڲƸ롣
ܹ鵽ϣǶֻƬ鶼ɲꡣ
ڸĬַ֮£֪ͨĲ࣬Ʒܹ֪ô࣬Ȼǿѧٿơ
ĿǰȨޣȻ֪ӻܵϢ̶ֳȵϢܹ״ٿϲ̽ġ
ٿƱǸѧѧʹõ鱨ֻҪϸۣ˲֪ĻҲѯĵ
ͳʧ֮һ֮УԭĸͳҲ˳µĳΪ˴ͳ
óƷĵǵʦԴ䣬ͨٿϵ鱨ϣƷȻˣԴǱںһؾ֮ش䲻
شˣǱˣǽ档
һ꣬ͳʧ֮󣬽Ҳ֪ĶһƱͨĸַ˽Դ
ս֪ٿϵ鱨ҲֻʾԴش֮Ӷݣ֪Ρ
Ԫޣ
Ʒ˫ȭգҲû뵽Ȼᷢѡ
ҵǼͨǿߣٿ֮Ҳɲ֪꣬Ρ
ǱˣƷ۾˵
£ΨоԼʵܹӦҾ֣ܶ鼴ٿҲɲ꣬취˽С
ͻƵأʱصֶҵĶ֣۷ĸҲɱңȫˣǸʱ򣬾һԱ֮ˣƷоͳʧǵʦԴΧ֪ĻһֻڲٿһС
Ʒʱ򣬵洫һӵնϣеԷʾ֡
Ʒ˼ͷĻ棬ʱͿ˼ѧУĵʦᴳ˽
ǵǰɳӨڴһȺѧסǡ
ʱ䲻ɳӨԳ˺ܶ࣬ʵҲ˾޴
ɳѾ˺أӨҲֻԲһЩ˺صľ硣
Ȼ϶ȲƷѧ֮ҲǾӢѧˡ
ǵǸ꼶ģѧƷûмҲ֪ӦǵʦԴյѧ
ʲôǵʦĵδõôɳҧȵ
ɳ㻹أԴѾˣǽ׿˵ģȻѾˣµȻҪչѧУУһΪ׵ĵʦ˵
˵ţ⼸ʦǰʼԴĵеĵʦһģΪͨǿ֮󣬸豸˵Уĵûܱȵùˡ
ԴڵʱǵȻҷ붼룬ǼȻԴѾˣҲûжٹ˼ˡ
ǸϽÿߺߣΥ浼ʦΥѧУǶѾǴĵѧˣֵ޷ҵһʦ˵
ǲҪûѧнԴĽôȻѾˣĵȻӦĹѧУУҪѧУԿһеĵĵʦվ˵
ɣǵʦԼģʲôʱΪѧУĹƲˣɳҧ˵
֪Լǵסǰ⼸Ѿȫ̰˵ĵʦ
ѧУ壬ʵΪԼıȡôҰѾ֮ȴûа취ֹ
ڵ֮Ȩ̫ˣ޷ķʩ
һһ˽Ÿָ߿Ƽ豸ڵǰʼʼֵķϵͳ
һʦʵҪòܹķϵͳ
ԹԵ˵ѹûнɳ˷һȺʦûеѧɥ֮Ȯѡ
ϵͳܼ֣ѲǣϾǿǽĺڿ͸֣һ֮еĸֿ˵ʱҪеãʮСʱ
Ǹʦ˵ͷ˽ԴڣʮСʱõķϵͳǺһٱˣڽԴѾˣȻҲûȨˡ
ԣ
ɳǰֹȴһʦһȷ˳ȥ
ҪҪǸʦĮĿɳ˵
˭ǵĹ
أһȴӵ


748 
˵Ŀⶼ˵һӰ˳˿һӰʱ򣬶ɵˡ
ɳˣЩʦһΪǶİ
ǰ˾£һ֮ҼϾ·Գûܹκε
ʱνȫѧ֮ڣȻ󲨣Ϊ鵱ǣѧѧ
һǵѧһֽһǳƷ
һγƷֽҵϣƷڽѾصĽɱ
ֱӵѧʧȥ۷֣Ϊ֮󣬳ƷҲʧˣ˶˵ӦѾȥˡ
Ȼ֪ƷõʲôֶΣȡսҲӹɵġ
ڳҲܹ֤ʱƷȷʵѾƣƣԲܹġ
֮Ʒͳʧˣʱ䣬û˿ƺҲӡ֤ǸţƷս
Ѿˣ
ʱνֵķзѧ䶯ˣѧôʷϣûйһܹƷᲢ۵ġ
ȻѧʷϾž֮˵ǲҲû˵ڴܹ򽭼ȻˣǱȽԳ֡
ݣһⶼûеģ
ôž޵ȥ˾ǹȥˣ˱ˡ
ڳƷ飬ܿҲͱһִ˵ǣȻпᣬȴʵ
ΪƷѾ˵Ȼֳˡ
ǼҪΪԼˣ
ɳӨĿųƷԭΪǵĶӳѾˣû뵽Ȼܹٶȿ
뵽ҲһӣôǶӨ˵Ʒ޹ǵʱ򣬿Ƕж
ֻǴʱǶ˵ǵЩѧȻûмƷҲ࿴ƷӰβ֪ǵʦΪܳĵӣǸͱ죬ȴҲһ˵ĳƷء
ҲݵĿųƷǽѧУƷ黹ûɢ˵䶼ϼˣһ棬һ񻰡
㡭㡭һʦָųƷһ޷ŵ˵
ƷȻţ
һʦѿڶ
һţôƷ˵߳˵
ƷȻţ
ЩҵĺڿѾɵˣȻֻǽ֮еͨˣǽҾӢҲŹǰͳƷڽɵ˺
۷䣬켶ĸ߼ҲƷɱʮܣʧء
ǵĵһӦͼҷϢƷûǴ£һǰͣѰƷ뷨ѾȷѾˡ
˭֪ȻûһϢȥ¶ҪȻ󲨡
ǻжȴһʮɳĽɨһ޽Щĺڿͳͳ
㾹Ȼɱˣ
һʦָųƷŭյ˵
Ҷɱ׳죬οҵĺڿͣȻͼıҵʦĵҪ׼Ʒ䵭˵ɣô˽סأǿҲ˵ɱˣжûϹսˣ
ƷЦſЩʦЩʦȻѾٮٮˣձ鶼쾳磬ܺͽԴֱӴս˱ȡ
ЩˣҲѧʦķϣҲɱǣÿԶһۣСʹɣ
Ʒֶ˵ȻµЩȻʱҲͺѧ
ΪҲǳѧվģûѧҲܿٳɳز
Щ˶ɱˣȫУµĵʦҪͬˣ࣬ĵƷ֪ġ

ƷָǸеĵĵʦ˵ǽҳɣ㽭һȺΧҵʦ㾹ȻҴҪռҵʦĵ浱һô
ƷΪڻǰôĿɽԴˣοһ㣬ȵչҽұȻõϢɣ㾹Ȼôţ
еĵĵʦվ˳ûǽҳĵʦȻҲܴӽҽĺڿ͸֣Щڿ͸Ϊߣֵϵͳȴһһĺ֣ҶҲ
Ҳ˵Ʒ飬ȴ£Ȼ֪ƷôģҲ˼ĴۣųƷһΣս
ߣ㻹ҲǸԵ㣬ͷѫɣеĵĽҵʦƷ񣬷·ڿһѽĹѫһ



749 ˵еĳƷʵ
ƷһٿǸҵĵʦ֮Ѿޱȵı䡣
ʦҲ׷վǸҵʦ󣬶ѾزˣǲΪƷĻ
Ȼ֪ǲܰռѹһ㣬ҲǾĲƸ
һͨǿж฻ԣ½ֻһЩװѣ˵ҲǷһʺˡ
ҳƷȻҪԶһۣǼֱ·ϡ
ǿɲѰĵʦһƷ˵Ѱĺ۷ĵʦȷʵǰӲǿɶ쵼ʦƷԼҲǲ֮ˡ
Ͼ֮ǰƷֽңҲǵҩʵ
ƷҪǽ֮ǰʵǵĵҩһһ
Ǹҵʦ˵
û
ĵʦҲŽ
ƷĮ˵ҸıˣһۻаΪʦôɴͳͳ˹ѧӵܣ;
쵰

ˣȱʳϵܣУ꣬Ϊ˾ˣ϶ܣ
ȻѾ˺ˣǾ͸ɴ಻ˡ
䣬䣬䣡
ЩʦϿ񱩵Ϣ˲ͷ˳ȷʵǵʦ֮еٮٮߣһأصĴڣǸҵĵʦѾ۷壬Ͳһܹء
ԸƵѧָҲǺٵһֵʦܹﵽġ
ѹָԴ⡣

ƷЦһ
ЩʦҲ׷׳ųƷ˹ҪҲֱ֪
Ƕһ֪
Ʒһ޲
һδʱ򣬳ƷָȭȻֱһȭɲǼ䣬ڳƷһ޵Ӱ˳ͬȭȥ
䣡
һȭֱ֮лһɿֲĿ񳱣Щɱѧ쵼ʦûüֻƷһȭ䵽ϡ
أ
أ
أ
һ޴ĺƷɨȭȻͬʱɨǣЩƽʱѧ֮ڸ߸ϵĵʦס
Լһɽײһ˲䵹˳ȥݺ䵽˵ϡ
ۣ
Щ쾳ĵʦ׷һѪؿڶȥһ˲ͱƷش
һжѣҲֻһУ
ǼֱţԴǳΪѧĵʦҲٵţҲû˵˭ȻôֲһȭɨһȺˡ
Ʒֱȴиֲ˵ƾŵҩ֮ѣΪֵһᣬǿЦ֮
ȻѾˣΪƷѾˣ˳־ͽǻˣʱǵͳƷѾ̫Զˡ
ųƷÿһָͺǳһ˽ֱӺЩ켶ѧʦĵﴦֱӽǵĵһ
ҵĵ
һ书
ЩѧĵʦشﱻˣǿȻڣѾˣǿҲ᲻ϵļ٣ֱӾͺͨûʲôֱˡ
ִҽƿƼȻܷ漰˵֮ҲǷǳ֡
ҵﱻƣпָܻˣֻм˲еõԵָּʵ̫Сˡ
ǵ˸ԹͿ־飬ԹǺ£ԳƷ¼аĶħһ
Ҳ룬֮ǰʳƷܣиӹֵжƷҲŭˣı⡣
ʵ϶Ѱ·
˵֮Ǿĳͨˣͨ˶ˣ
˵ֱǶħǶɳ˵ֱһ켶ĵʦ˵Ҳǿɼģһżǵʵ
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ɳӨҲֻͬǿûкѡ
ʱվŵֻǸҵĵʦˣЩ֮Ϊߵģʱޱء
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أ
ҵʦȷ˳ȥݺ˦˵ϡ
ƾֻɫҲҶҵʦĵ
ƷֱָΪһӽҵʦ̲


750 Σأʵ
ЩԭڲϰƷѧĵʦǶһӱˡ
Ϊ֣Ʒĸɱ˰ϵǵ书ʲô
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ʱǲ֣֮ǰΪƷֵҩͱнԴôʦΪΪ޷졣
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ӳû̫ˣ
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ǰƷҲûиɳǣϾ˶ӣܶһ֪ˣᴫȥ
ƷֻǺЦ˵ͷ
ڵʦˣǶ֪ôźˣ
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ѧ֮Уÿ˶Լĵʦûеʦû˵ĺһ
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һ飬ˣ
ƷѾҪ뿪ŵϢܿͻᴫȥ֪߾ԻǷ֮أ鷳ϾҪͻˣҪһ徻֮زſԡ
ҪһͻƵأҲҪҪʯֻܹȥ·诽
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ԭھ֮еܲѾʺΪɽӵҩ˾ܲˡ
ڰǰɽӵҩ˾ļܲѾǨ˶Уʮ֮һܹصɽӵҩ˾ķٷչ
ŲĹ˾ŶеĻһһĵҩ˾С
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ͨǿ߽ԴıӻǿĿɽ˵Ƿչһǧ
ϻȻ۸Ǻܹ󣬵ȴػߣӶҰرĵҩ
˿˾δչȻ
ȻڰǰԴ䲻ϢһӾΪɽӵҩ˾ķչһӰ
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Ʒܹϳǰ·һ˺һˣǱˣ겻ĳҵ־ӡ
ǰȣϳ˳֮Ҳû緢Զ˲١
˵Ǵƶϵ
ǵǸʮģ걳󱳸һڳһŴۣڷ磬żͲѷ
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ڵˣȻչһ㣬пƼĶȷʵ
Ǹֹӵ˵ͷ˿Χķľ԰Ҳòϣķչϣȷʵжһ档
ȵʱǸŮ˰ѵתó֮ҳһҹ˾ǾͰҹܣƽʱҲûôʱ䣡
ֹ鵭Ȼ˵
ҵͳ־æϲĵ˵ͷæôãòײŴߣΪĲô
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ֹƲһۣ־Ȼ˵ߣȥ


751 ΪҲ֪ƷѾˣ
·ܣǸʱúÿһ£ǲĻݹﲻˣ
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бԿ
·ֱӹҵ˵绰ǰȣ·诸죬͹µְҵװİ֮£гķϡ
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Ȼ⼸ɽӵҩ˾ǿһ֮չģҲҹ˾ܹչϲΪԼٳɫûǿĿɽȴᱻ˳Եһ㶼ʣ
֮ǰгƷչ֮һͨĸܣȻû˸Ҷɽӵҩ˾˹˾ʱڲܷչ˳˳ˮ
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ǰ˻ȷԴǷѾˣι֣ʱƣԽԽ϶˽ԴѾ䣬ֱҲ֮
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ʱԺ֮иֳһӰڵĻЩҲͲ˰ɡ
˶ΪƷѾȥˣȴֻ֪ûô򵥣ǳƷǰϢһ˽Դȫ֧֣ǽԴҲ򰵵ôҪģȵƷ»ع顣
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⵽ʲôʱһͷ
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һĽ׳ߣǿѹδɢȥǵģûһ켶ĸ֡
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ֳ˷ƶĿ·诣·ܹȷ·һӦһ㣬Ѿ㹻Խˡ
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752 Ϊ
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޲ֳ˷ֱǿӶᵤ·°ߣҲֲ֪
Ҳ֪ǴĶģѵǲôѾˣעררʱǶʮ꣬ڲǹȥ꣬ɣרڣκ˶ص㲻ڵרʲôã·Цһ˵
֪ɽӹ˾˭ɵĹɷݣ乫˾乫˾ܹͺѾչʮϰĵҩ˾࿹⣬ľǳƷĻ
ƷֻҪصٽȨ˾ʹãҹ˾һҹ֮ͻĲˡ
ôôѾɣ߻üĻҪԸ
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㼴ǳҵ־Ҳûа취𣬷ķɻǹõġ
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ٵһʱ䣬ҷɻڴʲôɣƨֻ˵ɷάǿߵ棬ʩȻ˴ķάС棬ֱĩãǿȨ
ֳ˷粻м˵ͣȴʲôɣֻԾʵѣǿȨֻǿȨ
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753 ɱҵ־
ʱҵͳ־˶һ˹ı飬ȫţʱȻῴƷ
·һ˫֮ҲԾ㵵顣
ȻǰƷȴҲûһޣû뵽ΪΣʱ̣ƷȻˡ
Ǵӵһӵõĸо
ǸƷֳ˷翴һ۳Ʒ˵
ûнƷϣֻе˼

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Ȼǿ˳ҵͳ־ӣǰȣȷʵȽˡ
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־ǿȻųƷ˵ƷΪ㻹ΪΪôֹӴɻڶʶһģ͹Թ԰ѵרתóĻԸ
ƷҿΪҲУҲǲˣֳ˷翪˵ҲҪ׷ߣҾ͸
˵ֳ꣬˷ּ˵ɻڣҲֻһҪ˾ٲҪ֮ȥгڶҪ£ҲǻҴ£
ȻԹԵĶԳƷ˵˵˽ңνҲôģֻҪͶҷɻڣһҲ㣬ҿԱ㣡
ھȥרתó
˵˰죬ȴƷһȻĿ·ڿһɵһʱЩˬʵô㲻Ը⣿
˵ˣƷźЦɻڣʲôôû˵
ųƷЩ٬ӣֳ˷β֪Ʒֻ¸ûҪ˼
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Ʒһӣâĳɷ飬ȻԼּһһӽҵԴҵҲͰĶȥˡ
ҵ־Ӷ˵һ޴鷳Իֶβܽ˸ϳ˽ңҽ˵Ĺ˾
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ʱƷ˳ҵ־֮ſֳ˷磬˵˵ɣɻڵʲôͷôһ㶼û˵
йĿ֮ܣٿϵĶٿкܴһֶڽܸ
֮ǰ΢пһ㣬Ͳһ㶼֪ɻھʲôͷˡ

ֳ˷ʱŭƷûнֱ
֪ɻڣǾʶһҷɻڵľ
ʱֳ˷ϢڱˣһɿֲϢԼϱ˳أǶʮģȻѾصΪ
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һֱ˳ɲǼ䣬Աߵ·请·𿴵ԼһƬֵУǧ򻨰裬ˣͬҲΣռˡ
·ȻΪһ㣬۹⻹еģȻ֪ǽһ׽˼˿µĵزпܻĽ⡣
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754 Ҳвնɱֳ˷
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˫ֱ֣ӷϯ绯˷˫צȻһ˺Ȼ⽣ƾո˺˿
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ֳ˷һʱϵϢڷȫ۵һȻһֲĽâųƷݺݺ˹ȥ
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ֳ˷ɨһ˳ƷһȭɲǼͱˣһһı飬ȭɨĶĶĽ͵鿪
ֲˣƷ޵еħһ
ԼĹ־͸ƿˣֳ˷ʱȻҲ֮ǰ־ðĸо
У͵УʲôʱȻһðµĴڡ
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вңƷ۾Ժ֮ȴ˼ʥؾǸʲôطɻͨĸ򣬾Ȼֻ֮һš
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755 չأ
Ʒֺɱֳ˷磬ȴûôɣֳ˷ڿ˵ģʥأзɻڣ϶ʲô򵥵Ĵڡ
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ʱͻȻ֮ǰԴģŵ飬ЩţԭΪɽׯ֣ͨ˲̫֪֮Ȼˡ
Ȼ룬뷨дģȻΧ֮ڣҲ㲻š
ʥؿ϶ûô򵥣ֻ¸Ҳ٣ֳ˷粻ǶʮͣҲ˼꣬ȴѾصΪˣӵʵ֮УҲΨеϵ˲пܴﵽĳ̶ȡ
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ԽԽҵ֮УͨܵӰ컹Ǻܴ󣬵Ƕĸ˵Ӱɾ̫ˡ
ħ˼ͼ֣۷ĸ֣ƷҲ޾塣
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ɽӹ˾ѾʱͬգڵƷʯҲܹܿѼˡ
ƷҲ·诰ŵܵĻ֮УбչأҪһͻƵأսһΡ
ʱ䣬ڳƷıչ֮Уһһţͬ׾Թ϶һ㣬ץҲץס
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Щ˶ǶʮͷͣЩУĴѧࡣ
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ϴѧʮУĩһѧȻʮУ֮ĩǶһĴѧ˵ǿɼ
УڵıȶϣȫУһĸ֣˲ȴĿ֮£һɳȥ
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ֵˣһɫ۵ĽͣϴѰ˶Ŀֲ⣬·˶һڽһ
ʮͷĽͽϵĽˣҡҡͷ˵̫ˣ֮ͬеٮٮô
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쾳磬˵ϴѧѧҲֻٮٮ߲пܿľ硣
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½ͺһشһ쵼ʦǼΧ½͵ĵʦǷַӾͱشȻʩʩȻߡ
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756 ɱѧ䶯
Ϣһ϶䶯ˣϴѧǸѧʮУѧУѧҲǾӢ˲ͳǸ֮еĸ֣Ӣ֮еľӢ
ˣȻһشһľˣѧ쵼ʦΧһסôһˡ
ܿ죬˾ͷˣȻǵ
һŮֳֳޣǹƥشѧشѧһӸ裬ӸʵȻסͲĺŮޣֱˡ
ŮӵĳʵأֻһޣӸȫĹͷѾȫɢˡ
ֱܣ
Ůֽ󣬻ĵһ֡
һ£ĸߴĵ͡
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ĸУΪµıǸµֻͣѾͽѾڱһֵܣشЩ
ڻ˱һ֮;ֱ廪ų廪һֵ˾ͽӢµ͵ʱҲ嵶ѣͱ׻ܡ
㱻һ룬һ廪ĵʦȵļʱ˾ͽӢҲҪ
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ֱ֣øѧУѧͬ飬׷Щˡ
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ǲʲôͷֻҪôҪԷۡ
ʮУǺǵôУѧǵĶ֣ʮУռ߲ľųϣ£ʮУʵ൱ڵϲ㡣
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ֻҪһʹôɽׯȻҲ˵ˡ
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Ǽǿ󣬵ѧҲǳԸɷģѧʵͱѧУҪǿϺܶ࣬ʵǼʵǿ̫ࡣ
ܹݺݽѵһЩҲһ
һŰѧ֮ǲŷ֣һŰʵͳʸ˵ġ
ѧ֮УΪһ÷ƣռѧһֵţڶǶ𩡣
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ŰϵһѧһȻ󲨡
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ܹܵˡ
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˶ûΪ˴֮ͬǿߣ˶ʧˣζͬ˾Ȼĸ·ļһˡ
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ʱ˷ᣬƷûĻǸöãǰƷĹѾɲ⣬صĽǶ֣ڣĵĳƷжôֱֲ
ָпܿͱû糱УˣϾѾˡ
ʱ䣬һμţ


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һ£ϷӿڴѧȺ֮УͻȻĸ֮УԽԽȣ˶̸ĸ˵顣
˲²ĸ˾ʲôȻĸ˳ֵĺ٣ÿζһš
ǿֲģȻ汻̽һЩ·
Ȼĸ˶Լ˵࣬͸¶ģĸ˾Ȼʥء
ʥʸոһʱ˵ע⣬ƾǷȥѰңҲʥؾʲôͷ
˲²⣬һѧʥأһţĻû֮ǰһ㶼û˵
ĸˣκһǵ˽ܣѧ֮жһλãһĸĳ˵ǰֻһ˿ôһ㶼֪ء
ΣʥҲһȴʣ˶֪⾿ʲôڡ
ŴУѧĵǲʥؾʲôڣһҪǸۡ
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ѧѧҲһὫѧֳ࣬һѧһѧҲԼѧѧ԰
һҲڵѧУĸ֣˾ͽӢҲ׷׸˶ڿĸ˵ĽŲ᲻ѧֹܹͣʲôز
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ѧǣʮַѧڽӭĹͣЩ˺ܶͲѧѧУѧ
һµĳ˶֪ĸ˼ս飬Ҳˡ
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۷׷׵ʱ򣬳ſڣĵӰڳˡ


758 
˵Ŀⶼһӿ˳ſڣȻĵӰʱĳſڡ
֮ǰսľŴУҲֻһ˳棬ͽˣΨжѧʱĸһͬϯˡ
ĸˣ÷ƣǶ𩣬ȫһӱǣܹоĸ˵ǿ
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໥һۣױ˴˵˼ˣȷʵǿС
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Ƕʵôǵû÷ƣ˵йھʣ
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ֱǷַӾͱܣʵΪ˫ʵ̫Զˡ
𩼸Ƭ֮ͱѹƵ·磬ģ˫ʵĲ࣬ɴ˿ɼһ㡣
䣡
䣡
䣡
ֲĹϽѹƵʮǱЩ̫ǿˡ
ݵѧ±ˣǶʵǿʵΪԷֲ̫ˡ
Ȼûǹ˲ͳǰܣҲֻʱˡ
ԭеĳݾȻһ
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˿Ǹ½붫𩽻ʮ֮Ȼһӱͬһ˶𩣬˲ͽ˳ȥ
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һԵ÷̲סˣȻͶǾϵǴʱ˫ԴͬһӪĿŶ
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÷ֲܹܣѾܲˡ
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ۿžҪγɽ֮ƵʱأǸµȴȻһӽ˳С
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760 Ʒǳ䶯ȫ
ʱڶһը˹ˣѧڶΪӢһȺˣ˴֮˴˿ҲδطΣܹѧΪٵ顣
µ͵ĻȴǱ䳾ͳҲ˵ѧеĻοǲ֪Ķһһ
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ѧŭɶ˵÷ԼƽĶˣΪ֪ĺȻȷʵǱµʹ˸ֲȻ潻ҲǶԷĶ֡
µֲ̫ˣ֪ˣܹͬôֲѹģҲΨǰƷڵʱˡ
ʱȻһͷƷھͺˣƷڵĻܹסµ͡
ͷһһʰƷʵɻҪ֮ϵģʱȥˣԼǿ˷ǳ࣬м˼ʵͻͽ
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ڵƷĻԻͣĵѧ֪ģԴѧݣȻ˴ĵĽǿɲѰѧ
꽭Ʊ֮ڵ÷ҲҲ˵ǰƷѾڵ÷ƻҪǿˣǲ⼸һʲôѶȣ
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⻰˵Ҳ̫˵ɣ㻹ûȫӮأ
أȫǺµŭĿӵʱһӰ߽˳ݣ˵
˶˳ȥȴһ֮꣬дżӲʣһװο޳ͦΡ
ݶסˣЩʦЩĵѧɵ۵Ŀꡣ
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ʱҪƷ
˶ŵĿſڵһӰǲǳƷ˭ء
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Ȼʱ䲻ˣƷòҲЩı仯ˣǻ׾ٵľϳ˳Ʒˡ
Ϊʵ̫̣̫ˣ꣬ǶǺεȳɫ÷һõ״ԪɵͷǺ˵Ⱥҫҫһʱ
ΨгƷǲͬģϣһ֮ѹƵǸûκιʡ
Щ͸ϵ̫Ҳס
Ǹȴһּ˹ĸоΪǵóƷӦѾ˲Ŷԡ
Ҷ˶׷ɱԽʹ޳Ʒĳ̶ȣȷʵѾˣôܷ׷ɱء
Ʒ
ǾǳƷѧô
һҿˣ
˶ʱˡ
ǸµǿƷǸƷҲô
ƷֻЦЦղ˵ѧˣûӮأ󻰲Ҫ˵̫ˣˣһһϣһϣҸʱ䣡


761 ˣһȭɱ
һһϣһϣ
ƷصڳУھ˶ݵĳĬ֮ѧǶһӷˡ
ѧͣŪ⼸һ
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ЩѾܳƷθˣΪ˵Ʒθģ˵ΪʲôûԶûкݺݽѵЩҪҪ
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ǸɫƵĿųƷһ·սǿЩѧʲôʱȻӵزˡ
ֱд
ǸµҲ濴ƷȻоԵţ֮ǰѧѧڻƷҲ΢΢Щ⡣
÷ҲǲˣǾ˵ȻǸƷĶ֡
һϣҿҲûʸ񣡡
ʱǸЦһǰһ˵
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˫ȭʱϣһڳĺܶѧУѧţɫˡ
ΪѧУĵһ־ǰһ˫ȭϵġ
ϣǸ÷΢ǿһ㣬Ҫʧźã
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һڵһ㣬Ȼֱڶʱڳϣ嵽˳Ʒǰ
Ȼܳʱͻϵ˶ֻʱܹﵽٶȣҲ㹻ˡ
ֻоǰһѾ˳Ʒǰˡ
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˫ȭɲǼ䣬ݾȻо¶½˺üȣڳƷΧǱһƬĹȷʵˡ
˫ȭض·űһ㡣
Ǹ¶˼ֵóѵ飬ΪƷҲ
䣡
˫ȭֱӺ˳ƷϣɫȴȻһӱˣΪע⵽ˣԼ˫ȭ䵽˳ƷϣֻһĵطҲ޷ˡ
һɿֲֹ˫ȭǰ

Ժ֮Уʱðôһͷ
̫ˣ
ƷҲֻǵ˵
Ǹ꣬ʣµ½ͣµͺͺŮҲ׷׶ݡ
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֮ǿǸµҲ˵һƾӲ
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Ǹ˳ƷĻʱЦһȻ˫ȭûܹκε˳ƷҲû˿١
ȻʱХһϵһ׶Ȼһӱ˾˵ĺ⡣
ϣȻһ
˲ɵþ˳
ԣӦαΪǶһ쾳ĸ˵ҲѾ㹻ˣ
ʱһ߶εĵʦȻһӿ˵Ǽʶ㣬Ȼܹϵó
ⲢȫķӦ˵Ƿ̥ǼˣֵҲԹ
ʲôƨĶȻүүǰװ⣿˵ҵıף
ȫУǵһֲı˲䳯ųƷɱ˹ȥ
ҲһżΪ˵õȭ۷壬һȭܹһ޴ĺиһ
µͼɫҲأȻʱѹſǱ˴֮ҲǾϵ
ѧѧҲֻһ֣Ͳ÷֮¡
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һ޴ıǰһͨͨȭͷѣ˫ײһһֱӽȭͷȥ

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һȭȻֱӻһµ޵Ӱ޾޴ȭͷ͵һӳǸȥ
أ
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ڵϹ£ȫĹͷϵˣ΢һ£ֱӶ
һΣƷû֣Ϊ֪ɱˣֱӶʮУĸ֡
ȻɱˣǾиñɱ׼
ŲЩ˾ʲôͷ
㡭㾹Ȼɱ
µͣŮӺ½Ͷɵ۵ĿųƷ·𲻸ųƷɱɱ
ˣţȡеƷȻ˵


762 ½ͣ
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½ͣŸո˵ƵĻڳƷĻžžž
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ѧѧǲм˵ֻݹٷŻ𣬲յơ
֮ǰɱ˵ʱôûЩˡ
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װƣߵ˰ɣ
ҶʧߵûȤ
Ʒ̧ͷ˵Ǹ½͵ϸԵѿΪҲղ˵ĻֱƷ˦˻ݺݴ
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Ǹµ۾ϵɱͷţҪΧĿˡ
ھûУǴһϣһһϣ
ƷЦſ⼸ˡ
˭ʲôĿģܷŹ
һǿƣ˾ͽӢòײƽղҲǳڳƷȻŵ֮УڣڻعֻޱȵĿɬ
ǸԼȫǶֵĶ֣ȴƷ򵥵һжס˭ǿ˭Ѿӹˡ
Ӧ˵ƷǿˣǸʱƷĲȣʱȻˡ
һԵҲͬǰ飬ʲôʱ򣬳Ʒƺǰ޵Уһ˸޷֮࿹⡣
Ǹ½ͺǸŮ໥һ֮ȻҲױ˴֮е˼ƷԶȴ˵иӼ֡
֮ǰǸǵʵҲ·֮䣬ԳƷһжסȻҲдˡ
໥һۣ͵ųƷɱ˹ȥһһңǳĬ
ǸŮһ˦еĳޣȻһ˵ĹâеĳޣҲһαҲֻһܹΪȷʵ޵С
֮ǰ÷òŮӣҲڱϳ˿ˡ
һѸײڶ֮˲ͳųƷķɨ
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âһɳĽâֱӳųƷͷ­ն
һһң˳Ʒ˱ܵĿռ䡣
Ǹµƺ֣ûв뵽Χ֮УԼʵžԵš
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ǸŮӶʱŵ˵ƷֻǵĹҲˣƫƫƷȻĶ˹ȥ
ʲôǸµҲʱ𾪵ĿųƷȻ֪һȴǲ֪ʲô֮ǰ֪κһֶҪĶˡ
ʥ֮УҲûĹ
һǸŮӵĹ֮󣬳Ʒֻ̧һӲһնĽâϡ
أ
һâն˳ƷϣȴûͬһƷƱ
෴ģһâ䵽˳Ʒϣֱ˿һһһıѿ
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Ǹ½Ͳţһ˾Ȼֻܹƾͽ־͵һͲϳ
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ȴǲ֪ʲôʱ򣬳ƷȻѾ嵽ǰ
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һ޴ޱȵȭͷݺݳǸ½ͺ½æٶȻӳһâղһҪִ˼֡
ȫ֮ǰƷһȭǸ꣬ôܲע⡣
䣡
ɨĽâֱӱƷ޲Ƭ赲סƷһȭ
ʱðͼתܣΪѾʶԼסһȭ
ȻƷһȭٶȲǺܿ죬ʵȴǿ磬ֱ
ӲˣֱӾͱˡ
أ
½Ͷʱ˳ȥеĳҲֱӷ˳ȥȻȴ½˺ݺݵˤ˵ϣĲֱӱŤˣȻ
½ֺˣǳƷͬ
һԵĶ𩿴ʵ̫ˣ֮ǰ½ʵ̫ˣǸպѧѧ׼ˣǰȣ½͵ˡ
һͬһжѣ½;Ѿˡ
һȭ½ͣƷֻǵЦһˣ


763 һˣ̬ˣ
ǸŮӲǸոճ֣һжѣֻô̵ʱ䣬һǸ½;ôƷһȭˡ
Ʒһȭжأֱ
ʱһðĸо֮ǰеĲ²ⶼƷˣƷʵ˵ֻǿһѡ
ϵƶڳƷ˵Ѿûκ壬ͼҼлƷ룬֪жô޴
ˣٳֽˣ
Աߵĺµͣϣ֡
ʱǸµҲѾʶԼ⣬̫дˣԼ㹻ţҲ̫С˳Ʒʵ
ס֣
µæ󺰳ѾˣһȭɱǸ½֮󣬳ƷѾǸŮӵǰ

ǸŮӴһеĳ޺Ƴһϯ˳ȥͼֹƷǸûκôеĳֱӴӳƷ֮д˹ȥ
һȳǹһĴ̴ĳޣ޷ԳƷһǰӰ졣
ֻһ˲ѣƷѾɱŮӵǰ
ȣ
ƷһһȱֱɨֱľǯɨһǸŮӸ޷赲סôһ
ǰȣƷʵ̫ˣֻǼ򵥵һѣɨѾصĺŮӡ
أ
ŮӱֱӺ˳ȥݺײ˱ȶϣֱˤ˾޴ѷ졣
ŮӲҽвѣžͷ֣ԼûȥƷˡ
Ʒߵ˺Ůӵߣ˵һΪǸŮӣ֮ǰûɱˣҲ֪Ǿӵʲô̫ˣ
ԭǸµͣʱҲͣ˽Ų
Ǳ𣿡µͿųƷ˵
ȻûʲôϵôŵĴɲУ
ƷЦЦ˵
ǿûɵɱˣɱֺαأ˵ɣ˵ģ̫ˣ
ЩѧѧʱЦ
ԣû̫ˣ
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ѧɵúã
ƷɱǶûоʲôԵĵطֻޱʹ죬һĴѧĸѹˣѧУǵĽ⼸˵ϡ
Ǹµ˶ƷһһǸµͣ˵ʥسģĸţ
Ȼ֪ʥأǸµе벻ʵϣĹʥس飬ҲųģƷ֪΢һ㡣
֪һ㣬˵˵ɣʥؾʲôƷװʥ֪ܶӡ
㻣ңǸµЦ˵ܿǶ֪ģڴ֮ǰ㲻Ҫ֪
ҪãƷĿǸµͣʶ̧٣
ƷҲʥֱӳͻֱʦʧ٣䲻δ֪ʥֱӵĹϵܲ⡣
ҲڵĲ̫ˣûа취Ӵ飬Լİ취ȥ֪̽һС
ȻѾزˣҲû취ˣֻܸˡ
ǸµͶʱֻȫĺëһּΣյĸо
˲䣬ͳˣоԼóƷȳ֣Ļֱ롣
еĳһӱǳ˾˵ĵâ
â˸һӳ
µȷʵҪǿ̫ˣ˲صľѣµ;ȻѾأ߶Ρ
Ƕʮͷβ𾪣ĽҲǺ½ڲ֮ѡ
Ȼǽ츳ˣֻ˫ܵĽͬʥƺиĴУ׶εƺǿ
һնɲǼ䣬Ѿи롣
ѹô԰ȽҪǿ󣬵ҵǰ
ƷЦһֻǼ򵥵һȭȥ
أһɲǼ䣬һȭͺնĵâ
ҲãҲãڳƷǰûκ
ƷȭȥƲֱӺ˺µͣµͼǲҽһȻ˲䵹˳ȥݺˤ˵ϣؿڲ֪ʲôʱѾһ󶴣ǱƷġ
ڳѧֱӻ˳Щ֮ǰеһµеѧУѧ
ƷΪǱ˳
˻±Ƶ״̬ڳƷ֮󣬽ǳ˼жѣ⼸ѹѧļˣôҰ˳ƷС
һˣ
̬ˣ


764 κ
ֳ˶һƬѻȸƷٶȽĸ˴һˣȴǺˡ
˫սĲ࣬ѾһĿȻˡ
󲿷ֵѧü˷ܸ֮УֻһС˳ڳƷֲʵ𺳵С
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ȻĲԽԽˣ
Ĳǹôôܽô죡
˾ͽӢ𩣬÷ƣǳƷֵˣʱֻʣ˸п뷨֮ǵĽѾǲҲûдδʮ۷壬ΪĴ
ںͳƷһȣǾʲôˡ
㡭㡭ǸŮ𾪵ĿųƷųƷͻɱ֡
Ǹ߸ϵʱ̫ˣʥ֮ҲǸ߸ϵ֮ӣھŴУ˵ɱ˾ɱˣ˽ַˣҪѹѧ֮⣬ҲϰˣδЩνľӢѧϡ
Ҳû˸Ҷɱ֣ǾŴУѧɱˣѧУĵʦҲֻҪ£Ҳû
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㾹ȻɱǣǵŲŹģŮӸ˵
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Ʒ΢΢һЦһѾڵĳݣö˵ʲôֱӴǸŮӱ뿪ݡ
ѧЩ֣Ʒôȸո˾ˣǺܶȴǺġ
ͽʲôϵѵҪŽҵ鷳ô֪ͽ֮ĶԹ
Ҳԣǰһ췭ظ֮ǰΪѾҲˣȻûұȻưոݣ
۷׷ףڳƷͽҵĶԹҲЩ֪
һսƷס˼ֵͻϮֿ񱩵ģӡ˵Ժ֮У
һɷ糱ε˸ѧУ֮УεϣΪһսȻܶ˲ֳʵڳкܶ˶ֱֳȫλչ֡
뿴÷˭֪ȴϵ˫۾Ƥӵ²Ұˡ
Ǻµ͵˵һսѧڹģʵϣܶ쾳Ҳڿ
һѧȷʵֵǶעһսĸȻѾ쾳ĲΣʵ
£Ҳһսڿ÷붫𩶼Ⱥս֮Ҳɵøп
˷ս֮÷ƻǶ𩣬ǿǶ𩣬ֻһܹ߶ΣδԵɺ˵ܹͨľ磬ȻԷ̫ǿˣ
Щ˾ǴĶðģ
Ǹµͣصĸ֮ҲˣŶʮ꣬δǰ;ֱ
ֶɵĽʺ޵˵Ϊǿ쾳ʱ򣬺ܶ඼ѾʮˣҲѾʮˡ
ǻǿ쾳磬һлԵϵ߶Σ඼Ѿʮˡ
Ҳǳʵ÷ҲãǶҲãǵ츳ǿᣬҲ޷˵ʵ
俴µͼͽ÷شϣһƬȻѵûֹܹ⼸ô
˺Ʒĳ֣һӺ䶯ȫҲһƬȻΪܶ˶ڳƷİΪѧϯǺֱ˽ңȻѾ𣬵ǵ˵һʱ
Ҫǣǵӡ֮УƷӦѾ˲ŶԣȻʵȴǳƷȻö˶˵Ļš
ʱȥˣƷûĸǿˡ
˶޲ߣгѾõ߶εĸֶԼϲǶֵĺµͣȻƷһȭʹˡ
ǿʵЩʶҲĿɿڴ
һ˲Ȼҭܶԭ˵Ϊͨ˽˵˫ֵǿⳡ֣е±ơ
ƷսѾԽ۷ϣ
ֶԼһ£ʱǸµֻͣҲⲻ˱һȭ
̫ˣǳƷ̫ǿˣֲĴ򷨼ʮָȭóƷ޿ƥС
ͨ˵ֻŽкãΪѧһ֣ݺݴѹ˶Է档
ʥʵ̫ˡ
ѹҲûнѧ
һʱ䣬ð˳ϽһƬӿ


765 ʥʵ
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˲Ϊɱң⣬̸ɹ
֪ʲôʱϿʼǵص˵Ʒɱ˲֮ϢڸվϣʼǵصˢƵ
˵ƷõҲܿͱѹȥγ˺һ浹һĶڳƷ
˶ó˳ˣˮˢƵܹĸˢģʵĲ࣬ټϳƷĳ˭ҲͲƲˡ
Ǿǽң
ǽȻСԽôԽǼķУΪִὲȻ͹ǾôѾˡ
һһͼȨѹͷ񼫶ȷУҲҪʵͽԣֻ磬˶ܳΪһ
ֻһҹѣͳٷˣԭҲ˶ͬƷΪ˷ԽҶ֡
Ҹ۵ĸˣҲһҹ֮ͷϸֽҵӳڸϡ
ֱ
Ʒص˸նˣһ۴սҴֱַҲŭûгҵƲҲӹɵġ
˵ЩҪģ뿿۾κγƷǵȻܵġ
ҪŪƷҾҪסƷҺͳҵìܸӼңûͳѹƣ֮䱾еìܺͳͻҲ˼ֻ
ʱڶ֮У·诰ҵǸܵĻ֮С
ԱߣǸŮӣһ֮ϵѾõĲˡ
ΣǸŮȴٷˣЦҪ֪ǰһܹһȭܹԼɱĴڡ
ҲЩĿǰĳƷôжǸո֮ȴðôһ
ǵģҲֻǰһڵ֪˫֮ͬһֱ֮˳Ʒ֮ﻹ˿԰
ɽɽ죬ˣ
ҲѾָĲˣʱ˵˵Ǹʥص˰ɣ
ƷŮ˵
ǺŮ뵽֮ǰƲ֣Ҳò棬ȷʵһ档
ʥس֮󣬼ʶִ̫ƼǺʥȫͬò
Ҫǲ˵ĻͱҲˣ
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ǺðɣҲʲôܣǺŮӻǵֿסƷ塣
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ںŮӵĽ֮УƷ֪ʥؾʲôͷ
ʥؾ֮ǰԴᵽͨϵţ塣
Ҫһռȥʥغڵؽϸ˵ͬһλռ֮ϡ
һǿռ䣬ǿռڵʱޱȵĳ׷ݵеĳŴ
ʥеǴӳŴʱģ˵ԴԶ
ƷʱǰһԴõ˵ʵĴУ˽⵽Ǹ׳ʱ֮󣬾һֱǸԻһʱλԪĳŴΪʲôһҹ֮ʧһ
һ㣬ʷѧҲûа취ó׼ȷĽۣ·⵽һ޴һ㡣
ȻʥصŶǴӳŴʱģôһΪʲôŴͻȻʧˣƷʵ
ҲǺΪȥʵ̫ˣֻ֪ʱʥظţҴææľͽʥرѣΪ̫æ伮ҲʧˣôѾ֪ٴˣһЩŵĵ伮лмأǲ֪ģ
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㻹ҽȥǺŮӿųƷأԲŵ˵֪֮ǰɱ˭ô
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ĺڣɱɱˣǶԷȡе
˵ǸµģȭһΪܳĵմӣǸ½޳ڵһĽӣһ޳ڵҲϣǸµ͸ǲˣʥصһ壬κܳӵܣǺŮһһ˹ⶼʥغպţȭڣͨκҸǲֹһͨĸ֣ɱǵĴˣ㻹ȥʥأѰ·ô
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766 һ𣬳Ʒ
ô˵ǼʥҲǾӢˣƷ˵
ȴҲΪʥصĵ̺ʵľһŶͨĸǸκҾȻֹһͨĸ֣ڵ壬ŶҪǿϲ١
ڵ˵ԲʲôϢΪʥס֮ѾȻˡ
ͳڵĻȷʵõģĹڣʵܹȫãʥǿҲûãⲢǴţ
䲢أҲƼǿֵĸ߼ףºģܹҲûһǿС
ƴҲܹʥغʥжܹôӲƴ
Ƽķչߵ·ߣָ߼ףֻҪвϣҪپж١
һҪʮʱ䡣
ǲҲֳ֪˷һֱµʥ϶Ǻսʥֱܱ
ȻǴӸ߲֣ЩƷ΢Ҳܹĳ
ô˵֮ǰٿϵ鱨һ֪ĶĸΧĵʦԴ󣬵½Դ䲻飬ҲͿˡ
ٿƷӦѧ鱨Ѽѧ鱨Ѽ㲻ȫ⣬Ҳǵһģѧ鱨϶ʾ֪Ķͨĸ֡
Ȿͺܹ죬˵ĲͬѰ
ڣѾò²ˣƷѾ԰ٷְٵĿ϶϶ǽҺʥе˹ᵽһˣʥеĸ켺
ƷǣȴҲ֪ʱ岻ֻ֣пͨ磬ӵ뿰ͨսпܲ֡
ǵȻΪǼڻôǲŲǶʮѣѾ߶λ߼߶Σδкܴͨľ磬Ϊ·ߵĴײôǺŮЩ˵
Ʒһ룬ǵҲǣ𿴶𩣬÷Щ˵ǰһĸоѾľӢˡ
ֵӶڻҵĻʥصʵǿѹҪֶˡ
ܿ죬ǺŮҲеûеˣһ۳Ʒһ̬
Ʒͺǲ࣬ȴܹɱǣ
ʥ֮УҲǾ޽еı̬
ˣˣ
ƷǸŮ˵
ǸŮӻе㲻˼ĿųƷƺţƷôˡ
㲻ҽĵַ¶ȥôǸŮе㲻ŵ˵
Ȼ˵ûͳΰҲûǸزƷ˵ģɱ浱פǿЦôһ֣Դ٣
ǸŮӽŽɵĿһ۳ƷƺڿƷ٣ΣƷǿӹɵģһĸֻκβ˳Ʒ
ҲǳƷĵڣ֮սԺɨصĸ֣۷ĸֶȫˣǶԷػûʲôõĵġ
㶯ػħ˼ͼϣһ˲ƷĻڶʱڽɽͼĿռ֮С
Գ˲ɱƷûʲôµģӵҲǱ¶ɽͼռĴڶѡ
ǸŮ֮߳ǰǻعԳƷ˵Ҳ֪ôţǿŹһķϣҿԸһѣ²ôˣκңɱܳĴˣǲưոݵģ
߰ɣ
Ʒ˵ͷ
ǸŮ뿪֮󣬳ƷǽĽɽͼĿռ֮УĻؼ㱻ըķ飬Ҳ˲
ɽͼĿռ֮Уһͷ׸ߵľſڵϣ
ΪҺ۸ʱ͸һϲɣ
Ʒ˵꣬Ҫȡʱ䣬һͻƵأǸʱ򣬳ͨǿԳ֣Ժ޼ɡ
ڴʱϽҺ͵ҵɱѷֵʱһͻȻϳ֡
Ǿһֽκ۵ˣԼʥκҵĴһº󽫻ٰһνᣬյ꿡ҲķΧ֮ڡ
Ŀʥͬʱ꿡ܶʥص˽⡣
һʱ䣬绩ȻǺµ͵ĹʥصϢҲ˶ʥͻȻðȤֻǻһͷˮ
ͻȻԼʥأ꿡һ໥˽ľͻƽ̨Ȼ̾꿡ܵĿ⡣
ɽׯҳµ꿡ܶѾʾϯһεĽᡣ
Ȼţκ۾ͱʾƼҽŮ˼òϼѣʳڣԸȢ֮Ϊ޵ƽ£ȻƼҷ롣
һʱ仩Ȼ˶˼ڽҽȥ֮󣬾ûٸҴ⣬Ϊ˶֪ͳƷĹϵǳ
ӦˣȴѾӦˣǳųƷġ
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ʱأһլ֮ۡڣԶ
һһһۣüĿʣ޳λ֮ϣһơ
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ȷܽǸƷǸ껺˵
֮䣬Ȼһֲŭζ
֮ǰƷΪǸ澸ӲҽأǶʮҪôյأĶ棬Ǹ껺˵
˿ǰ꣬˵ʥκһĽܳӵ֮һҲʱģκκۡ
⣬㣬ΪһŮˣ˷գɲ˴£κ۲мƲƲ졣
ѾôΪʲôû
ҡҡͷ½Ҳǳ⣬˵ȫ޷⣬ΪƷǽȷϹˣϾ·һûбĿˡ
ͨǿߵ۹εϬ˵ƷӦòдĻŶԡ
ȻƷȴ漣Ĵ
ΪʲôһһҪ
Į˵
һǺˣκЦЦ˵
ΪʲôҪ
˵ʵӦøлŶԣû˭ܹע⵽ҽ֮ǰһ峤ĵһѡûնɱֵõң
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˵ķǳ̹ȻѾʮˣΪȴмʱˡ
ԽԽѣͻҲôʱ䣬ʣʱˮĥˡ
ʺͽҵĲһ˵ٹʮʮܹﵽ۷ҲǼˡ
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Ϊǰ·ѾˣȻڲ·Ȼ˵·ǶϵģԽȥˣһʣˣԴΪǿ֮ˡ
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λ˻ûн֮ǰҪҵȴǰվЩ꿡ܣһĽӰˣΨȽסŲڸңκۻ˵
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ңȻЩ˿ˣԳƷǸȴΪ
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Ҳкܶ˶Դչ˻ɣκͻȻðģ˭֪мＸƾʲôʸٿĽᡣ
ϾһĽᣬһʸټģзǳߵſԡ
ЩѾյſ㸰Լ֮⣬ˣȴѡ˹
Щһ¼꣬ʮƽһ°ѷһͻȻð˾ҪټֽᣬҲÿԼûʸ
˶ڹ֮ʣκ˶һսսһֱʢ˫ɽѾ߶εκ۵Ĺ֮£ֻ֧˲жѣѾսˡ
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ڴ֮κֽս֮ãһһĸֶһ⣬һܹ³ŹʮеĶûС
һʱ䣬κ룬Լ֮䣬˳ƺΪһһ֡
ȻЩɣЩûһǴĳǺܿ˷ЩȻɢޣûʲôıЩ壬ĸҪ
κԽԽĸ֣϶ҲѾԽԽˣӦĽҲʼ𽥶
ϣڳƷ᲻ȥ飬ֳĻ⡣


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ѾкܶѾ²ˣкܴһֵĿǳųƷġ
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Ҫıɣ֮ǰһƷķ飬ĸһˣν涪
ΪΪ˸ǼڳƷϵű𣬶ưոݡ
һԶ׼壬ƷȥˣȻкùӳԣϸֹڳƷǷȥһεĽҲͳ˲²Ļ⡣
˿ƷѡʱǰôǷǳǵġ
ʱȥǲѰ·ô
֪ɽлƫɽУȻһҲ÷ɣƷȻǿǺʣκ۸ֲ
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Ȼкֳ֧ܶƷǰ
ѵټȻҲܹѹνʥسô
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Ҳһȥԭκ۶ŮвˣΪһˣѵܹʹ˲ô
һʱ䣬ϸϣУǸͷҲԽԽ
ѾΪ˵֮еһŻ⡣
ʱҲκһһսЩֶ֪ɹ
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ȻǶѾ̨Ҳȥǲ̫ԲǵĴĻˣƷЦһˣһҩĵ嵥ѼҩģҾҪ¯
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ͻеľòˣ֮ǰϴ裬ޱι̣Ҳʲô֢
ʱͻƵأ˳ˮ۵飬ڵΪҪͻƣҲ֮ڶѡ
ֻʱֶҲȲôʱˡ
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ڽգͻȻɽӭˣߣеǰеģҲһǰġ
ԭΪǸֵķзĽͻ̩ɽ֮۾ٰ죬յˣֻƾʵǰ̩ɽۣ֮ĻһεĽʸûС
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ȻЩ޶ͨ˵ǿͿȻЩϵĸ˵ȴʲôˡ
ƺΪչʾʵһκ۵ǰѾ̩ɽ֮ϡ
ԭ̩̾ɽϵޣҪôߣҪôɱ̩ɽΪ֮һ塣
ȻһЩޣǰμӾۻĸ˵ȴʲôˡ
̩ɽ֮ϣִеڳһ޴Ĺ㳡֮ϣʱѾУ̶̼ʱ䣬ܹ̩ɽ֮ϸ̨ͤ¥κӵеʵҲаľ
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Щ˸һУЩֽǿ֮УҲٮٮߡ
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ɫѿΪƼ䣬ʬ嶼ҪƼһʱڿ˵˾֪Ц
Ǹ˼ꣿʱĿⶼ۽ʱһӵӰڶ
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ڳ˶ξλףԣһųƷġ
ҲˣƷǿɲǵ˽ңҲɱ˲ٻƼҵĸ֡
ֻûнҸѡ
еǣھȻûֹ˼ожϣƼҵ̬ȣмζ
һƼҾȻӦκ۵Ѿܷˡ
άҪǶԳƷʲôԳȥûҪģ۸һŮӣ˼ô俪˵
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ʱԶһתͷһǸȴǽ峤˭ء
ŽĵֳһӾͽ
ˮ۵Ƥ
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Ȼһ򷨣ֱӽάеĳɨɵȻеĳѸײڶ֮ƽάƶն


770 Ʒܿ񰡣ûУ
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ǵУ˼겻һƿһĴڶѣȻ츳͵ư
ĿܱҪʮˣѾ޷תˡ
˼ܹͣ쾳磬Ѿˡ
ο˼Դӳ㲻Ϊ츳ʵΣΪͳƷͽ֮Ĺϸ
Ȼ˭Ҳû뵽˼ոճ֣Ȼ˾ˡ
ά֮ʵμ⣬Ҳ֮䣬ʲôˣѾͬε֮ǿһˡ
άô˵ҲѾأ߶ΣδҲкܴܿ۷塣
ֻһжѣͱ˼նƣ˶óάеˡ
ȻʵزЩҲͱնȥơ
ʱٿ˼ʱѾˣҲһŮǿߣԲֻһƿѡ
δδ𣡡
ѪӽԵޱȵĹ졣
άҽһ󣬲ŵĿ˼ꡣ
˼һֻеȻ飬·ղһֻն·ߵҰһ
ڿ˼֮꣬оȻּʵɫ

Ҳֻôһ䣬Ϊ˼ǸϺȵ׸˭룬ȻҲһݲӡ
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ϣźͨ˵Ĳʵ̫Զˡ
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һղŲǸһѵѣ
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һԵĽһĻ֮ɱ⣬һжźõģȻ˼걬ʵԤϣһֳĸо
ͬʱ̰֮ɫ֪˼겻ʮͷȻܹЩ곤߱ȼ磬Ȼֻ²С
ܹǰҴսʱ޲ߵһԾ˱ȼ硣
ãããƹҶȤˣ
ʱһ˸ЦŴԶ˹ͦΣֻ˹һεѹ
鶼ΪǶϳˣǽǸټˣǸκۡ
ʱǶκҲûһǰСˣһκܵңҲǿųˡ
ǻСκۣʵԼ
˼꿴Ҳûһֻۣǵ߻Ⱥ֮С
κҲ⣬ҲΣֻ֮иˡ
ԭҲΪ˼겻ֻһƿѣȢ˼겻ҲΪƷѣݵλҪʲôƯŮûС
ŮҲֻһ棬˱ˣעֻϣЩѰֻǳĺÿŮӸûȥʸ
ܳΪĵ£
Ȼһ˼겢ǻƿǿҵռһӱˡ
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κһ֣ʱӰ˳ŮԲͬǶԼĪŶʮͣÿһ߳һǿҵѹȸС
´ʱҲѾĹ˼˼ֻ꣬ͫ΢΢ΪѾܵˣ⼸ˣʣǸ֣ҶǸ֮еĸ֡
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˵һ˽гƷģܿ񰡣ûУʱһӰֱ˳˵һʮģֻ꣬ǿСеģ
˳Ծǣ޴ĸͷȻҪôߴˡ
ȻĿѲһˣûз֮ǰͼƬǸˣɵеʧˡ
ϧˣȻûȻҾһͷԴˣ
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ŮֱӷȻȭڵĵӣ֮ǰǸƷеȭڵĵӵĽ㡣
˼鲻䣬ֻ˵ܵܲҲɱˣҲһݶ๼ѣ
ˣס죡ǸŮӼһЩʲôܺҵܱܵȣɱҲɱˣǳƷȻɱȭڵˣұɱ
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Ůӵȴûһ˿һУʵϣֻޱߵա
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ʱλף֮ǰκ˵ļ˽⽻ǳҲġ
ǲ£Ҫ֪Ҳ֮ͬгѾõţһսʵǿ

һǹֱӴȺ֮˳һ׳һԾǹֱӳ˫Ӵ˹ȥ
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Ȼ䣬ȴǸ˫Сֻһͷ䵽˳ǹϡ
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ڵһ㣬Ǹ׳Ȼղסǹˡ
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˵ȫʩչɱһ֣оޱȵļ֡
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֪ƷƷĲضѣȻܱ۷ĸֻҪš
ĻָȴǱ۷ĸֻҪֲּģƷҲܹ֧ŵڡ
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һδοֲײ޲ɱڰ֮еĽЩ;ӢĶĿɿڴ
ȻǶųţǾֲƺһξ룬벻Ŀǰ󼰵ġ
ôҵս֮У˫Ӱڰ֮вײЩصĸֶѾϵٶȡ
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ɾű䣡
Ʒһһ˲䣬ƷȻһڰ֮˸ߵӰ֮вϱȻһ˲Ǹ۷ߵı󣬸ʤ
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ƷϢʼЩˣɾű䣬Ѿ˵߱ĳ̶ȣһֱʩչĶֻеĳ̶ȡ
һֱڣڱһǸ۷ΪԼѣȻⲻ˳Ʒı֮С
һսƷϵҲͬĴ룬ֻǻָ죬޾
֮ͬ޵УսϾԽľ̫ˣǿħ˼ͼսҲܹӦġ
һһΣ˷۱ˣ
Ʒôôǿһֱǿħ˼ͼǲۿôףνħ˼ͼƷǿҲӹɵġ
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ղӲĻֻʣˣ
һѾĴ룬ˣ˵֮ǰ׼ʯʱҲѾĴˡ
սݱ׷ս֮ǰԤϵҪֲ̫ˣȥҲֻȳˣҪȫЩҵĸѾ̫ܡ
أʱ֮Уϰ̨߼ײ֪ʲôʱ˹һ˽սϿա
ͻıʣҸɫһӱˣƷ΢΢һΪЩϵı־Ǳģǳҵļһգҵ֧Ԯˡ
ϣֱӳ˶ʮҵĸ֣ЩҸҲΪ׵һ۷ĸ֡
ڵϵĸּһӱһСˣȫе
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ҪôߣҪȻǾ͵ȫ
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ҪսǾսǳҲûƢģǽҲҪ̫ˣ
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ǸҸֿųҵԱڱƷɱ˵ĸҪǿĶˣӴȥֻȫû
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ЩҵĸҲֻܺ޺޵ѡ뿪ƷǵûնɱƷնɱ룬ڻҪ޹
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784 ҵͦб
̩ɽһսʹĻЩеȴǳϵĽ֡
м̼ηתҷˣǸû뵽ǣƷȻҲ׼˵ƣ¾뽭Ҹ֡
ҵĳ棬˶û뵽һΣҪվڳƷΪ˷Ҳϧ
νһۣһαһθӾʣǿսǶޱ𾪡
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Ȼ̸澡ʧʵҲǲˡ
ЩһǸҵľӢţҲܳΪҲĺѡˡ
Ȼȴݺݴ
˵ҲǰδеΣУ֮ǰǶûָоΪͬ˵ȷʵѾһˣǵΪʵҲ޼ģ£ҲͺʲôΣС
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һսĻƷ˳µˣֱɽҵɽһƬ֮е˼ꡣ
ʱ˼˹ˣԱߣſڵϣԴȴʱĿܣΪ
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һͷ޵ϣӰǳƷ˼꣬Ѿʱûм̫Ҫߡ
İɣѾ׻ָ˹Ʒ§˼磬ƽ˵
ô˵˼һ֮ǰƷ˶ɣҪǳƷкֻҲһôΪˣ֮Ҳһ̲ġ
㣬Ϊչôô죬ưЩ˶ŵ˰ɣ
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˼鲢⣬ƷɻҲ˵Ϊĸҵ
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һöݵƷĸǰƷܹŵһ󵭵㣬ɵóһ±Ǽ⣬˼ƺ뵽ʲôʱ΢΢һκ죬ǿ⣬
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ƷʱΪʲô֮˼ΪΪʲôһͻͽˣڵʵļ֮Ҳ⴫бһЩϢǿһŵ
ֱףܹӵдбţҲǷͬСɵĴڡ


785 Ƽұ
ڳŴбǴŵרСŸûа취б飬ַǸŵĲ֮أҪǴбĲǷǳѰҵġ
Ϊб鲢ƳģǴﳤģһı᳤бԭϡ
ֱһѰһʵ֮󣬾ͻѸٿһܹû֪ˡ
ԴбҲͳ˴ŵһЩбҲڸŵţϡ
һ㶼һһĴƽʱôǺܴ󣬵ǵһ˴лʱ˵һû̫ܳˣҲܹѸմб֮еĹɳĳ̶ȡ
Щܹʢǧ꣬꣬ܲǵ̷ĺ֮һ
ǳ֮Уڳ߿״Ԫ֮󣬳Ҳܾöûг˲ܹᲢۣʵҲĳϵ˲Ŷϵˡ
һһбϵĹУеĹĻʣһֵǵı
ҪַÿŶͬʧˣҲѵõеĹ
֪ÿŵĿֶζͬûдഫרŵĿֶεĻõҲû̫ôɣ
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˼һ¶˼־ȵ飬ƺҲû뵽ƷȻܹ֪
ĸ׵ȵõһб֮󣬼㾡ȫ֮ʼо֮ڳ׹һŴżõһЩȱӡЩȱӡܹеĹһ֣ȻЧʲߣҲǼͻˣ˼꿪˵ǾʱϢйĸ׵ļһҹ֮ȫ屻ֻĸ׵游ԴŴбѣĸշתƼңĸ׹֮⴫б䵽ҵϣ
ԭˣƷס
ǰ֪ΪʲôҪҶ鲻ɣҲ֪Ӧǲ֪ʲôط֪˴бĴڣֲݾߣԲҪİ취Ҫôб飡˼˵ʱƽ˵һԼ޹ؽҪһסƷС΢΢ԭĶңͬĸĽ㣬ҽսҰ⣬ŻңɣҽҲΣкܿܺͽйϵ
Ʒ֪ǽ˼궩鱳Ȼǣ˸ӵľƣ⼸֮˽⵽ģֻƤëѡ
ĸ׹֮ǰңʹôб飬ΪǲĸԴұҲĸ׵ĻһӲʹãǰҸıˣҲҪĿһսҪ㲢սҲҪԽԽԶ˼ƽȴޱȵļᶨ
һ죬ųƷһ˵ĸǰĴ򷨣ȻƷƽ£Ȼȴ֪й̱Ȼա
ٶȷΨԼԼʸվߡ
Ʒܵ˼ģ΢΢սơ
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㲻ΪʲôһƼҾȻͬô֪κûаģ
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ƷüֱӲ˵ѵ޾ôԸԼŮô
Ҳû뵽ΪƼҼȻ
ƼѾҸˣһǰҸ׾ں⵽ʿķƼҵĵĸŶˣҲǽҳǵƼҺͽʱƼҵģ˼꾡Լƽ֮лһĨԹޡ
ǵõĸαĸڣ򲡹ġ
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ƼҺͽұƵĴͳǽԴ󱬳ƼѾƳɿܵĻҲԽԽ
ֻû뵽ƼľȻһҵŮӣѹƼ֮ǰķӦˡ
ĸô㣬ѵ˶ôƷʵƼҺεȻôܼ򵥵ͱ˿סҲ̫СƼ֮еЩˡ
˵˼һĨЦܶҲҪõб飬Թۣ


786 
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ǴбҪضַܽеĹֻƼҲݲ˼ˡ
ܶͻῪʼˣ
ϧĳԣһб֮зӡĹǳǿ󣬵ַǲȱģûа취ȫֻÿһʱһУ֮Ҳûʲôʣˣ˼Щź˵ɱ˽ôˣҿ϶Źģһб°ɣеĹһܹĳɳ
һбļֵӹɣǳƷѾ빲ҲԸΪƷһС
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Ʒҡҡͷ˵ĹǻãַȱܹĹҲֻһֻ֣һУʵ̫ˡ
ϧǱģܴӵʵļ֮ҵİ취б֮йַÿ֮дഫܡ
ĸŵĶ֪˵֪⿪ַˣ
бñȸõôҪˣ
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أʱͣ˽Ųȫë·ʲôΪΣյĴһ㡣
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δ˵ʱϾȻżʥͳϡ
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˵ţϷų˿µϢֲϢֱɽ֡
ƷڶݣΪͷųϢ˿£˵֮ǰĽĵʦԴ󣬻ˣͨǿ֮⡣
ӦǳƷǿ۷ĸ֣۷ֺȣϲ١
ֻӲˣ


787 ˵٣Ʒȷ
͸Ʒĸо˵Ǽͨǿߣ۷ĸ֮УȻûһܱȵġ
ǵʦԴδͻƵ֮ͨǰֻҲǲ͵ġ
УҲһһھȻĳ䵱˵ʹӣһɵģǸͿеˣֻҲͬСɡ
ͨǿߣҪշˣҲǳ롣
˼ҲȫԳƷ˼꣬ټ޵ϣڲħ˼ͼ£Ʒ˵ʵҲԶ۷ĸв
ǰĵ͵ǰȴû˿⣬ƺǰֻѰĸһ
Ȱ㲻Ҫħ˼ͼ϶ڵģޱŵ˵
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Ʒ˵ϣսìҲųĹâսìôһƷķƷսصĸҲ
أ˫ƺҪһԲϾͿսʱǼͬʱ֮пȥ
ЩͬʱоһּΣյĸоܹǳ׻ļΣյĸо
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޷ÿѧͣߵĵУѾͨһ
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ǸҲһӸֻܵ𼶱һ˲䣬ûκԥԶӶȥٶߡ
ƷͬʱҲ̾ͽ޺˼ֱɽͼĿռ֮С
һ˲䣬ɽͷϣһ޴ޱȵĢֱϯĻ˳ûһС
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˶ʥظֵµʱ򣬳Ʒ֣նʥؼ֡
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ֹģĺ˵֮£˶ȷţƷ޷ѣʵϣҲȷʵûٷֳƷټ¶˾ǲͣļǱߣҲȷʵûٿƷټ
Σ˶ȷţƷȷʵûܹѡ
һʱѧʷΪܳѧھ˿Ƽ֮£һЩƼʤһõ֤
ǿΣں˵ǰһҪ
һս˫˵ƺһܾ˵ľ棬ƷҲͬʧأϰټܸ߼ף۷ĸ֣ʮصĸ֣˱ƷնɱĴ룬ʣµҲûʢŭ֮µĳҵ׷ɱ
Ϊܹѵʱŭɶĳͬ˴ɱһö˵ʣĸȫ


788 թ
һսĽܾˣ˭Ҳûֵĺãںܶ˿ǳҺͽҵĽ档
ʧȥ˳ƷӵŷǷǱĳţδܿͨǿߡ
һ㣬ҷǳȷҲŭɶͬúҲͽ˺ڳƷú˵֮Ҳ͸˼ˡ
һϰ̨߼ףʮصĸ֣۷ĸֵĽҲûֵĺȥ
֮ǰڳƷϵЩ֣ҵʧ֮ѾĵزҲ˵ôĴ۾Ϊ˽һƷһδвǷʡ
ǱϾѾˣ
嶼˺˵ʲôĽ棬彣ţһҪսơ
֮ҲͬǸٹ̣ӵǿһʱ䣬Ϊ֮
Ҳ׷׿ʼɳʹͣȻǰͲҴܾˣܾ˲ҪսĻܻܿὫҲٲԨ֮С
ڻͳ䲻޺ʥصвʵǾ֮䱬˴սˡ
ʱɽͼĿռ֮УƷ˼ԶûҪȥ˼
ɾͿԲ²ĵȻǽҵֱʣʱȥĻԽҵĺֻ»һź˵
ϾѾͳҳ˺ˣҲνˡ
˵ûзȥʱģһȥҲһˣһΣͻеڶΣΡ
˼ıˣƷ˼ŶԲߣʵ˵̫ˣȻ֪ˣֻ»ò˼顣
ԳƷʵѰصĸ֣ױɨҲˡ
ҪԵĶ˵ȻһĽңǸͻȻðνͣĿǰܹġ
Ǳ̫̫ĸˡ
͸նˣҲܹѾϣִԺ۲ϡ
ƺҲϿ˳ƷѾ˵ʵּĺ˵֮£ͨǿߣѡ
Ʒе棬֪ǸǷˣûΪڽɽͼĿռʱ򣬳Ʒһ˲ܵ˷Ĳзı
ûбֱе£ĸʾͺܸߡ
ȻΪѾˣãʱ䣬ҿԾԼʵҲõ˴ţ
Ʒ
綼ΪѾˣĳ˵Ҳһ£ΪõĽ뾡鷳
ȳȥҩŪ֣һ֮ʵٽһ
ƷѾȷˣ֮ǰ·ѼҩģӦѾѼĲˡ
·诽ӵ˳Ʒĵ绰ʱ־ϲ綼ڴųƷѾˣҲѾٴȷ˳ƷѶˡ
֮ǰѾֹһδǴβͬǴ˶ΪӦѾˣϾôŨأѾȣǱϾûļ
ȻһΣȴѾȷˣǶȷˣһƬûκλû˴߳
ƷȷѾˡ
⼸ʱ䣬˵ᣬѹҪܲסˡ
Ȼסʱ򣬳ƷȴͻȻϵԼ
ɽӹ˾ܻ֮Уڼ˳Ʒܻس֮⣬ǳƷӵȨޡ
ôҺôƷЦЦ˵
ҪǿӰӣҶҪΪǹˣ·ڽܳƷĺúõʵɵø˵˵
ҲƷȻڣȴ˾ĺڡ
ԷˣҪ׼ҩ׼ûУƷʵ
Ѿ׼ˣ
·˵Ʒ֮󣬾ǲϳɽӵҩ˾ʽ붼ҪڳƷϡ
ȻûΪʲôҪأ·еɻ˵
Ϊɱҵʵ̫ˣҲȱʱ䰡
Ʒ˵
һɱһ췭ظ
ǲĸǱô죿·ʵ
ڲ¶棬Щ죬ȥĽϢǣǲõģƷ̾һԼǲТֻü˵ˡ
ڴеǰҲݲѡˡ
·֮󣬳Ʒٶʧܻ֮У̩ɽһսȶȲ¡
̩ɽһսĺҺͳҽţۺ͹עĽ㡣
ʱ򣬳ƷȴѾʼɽͼĿռ֮пʼ¯


789 أս
ɽͼ֮УҩĶѻɽʱ·Ѽһҩġ
·³ƷʧܣԻ׼˼ݣҲǰһʦжϵģһʦкܴʧܵĸʡ
⼸ҩģͶԹ˾ֽ˲СӰ졣
ڳƷ˵ãԼԷһ֮⣬˼ҲԷһΪһ
ǸʱΪһսأ˼ҲصУҲ۷ľ硣
ϣǷǳǿˡ
ȻһƷȽϸߵĵҩˣڵĳƷ˵ȴʲô
ʦڱΪҲżߵҪԽǿʦΪҲԽߡ
һ֣Ϊܹʦ֮ϣѵΪĵô
ҪǣΨһһͨʦΪһ֡
ʱ䣬ѾַƷȴڲϵһʼƷƾŵʵļ֤ԼƲ𽥵ģѾܹƾԼĸоˡ
ʵļҲֻǼѣǻϣƷڵϵͻͽ
ʱ䣬ƷƳöһ֮գɽͼռڶһֵҩ㡣
ǣе˼Ҳ۾һζ˹
ʱѾſ˳Ʒĸǰһֺõӣ۾ȴֱĶųƷϵǼöһ
ֱޱܹȥΪ϶ܹٽһ
Ի϶ķݣ
Ʒһ޵ԴЦ˵
Ȼ޴ִͷһ;һҩԱȥˡ
ȻƷ˼ʣµŵҩ
ûж˵ʲôΪǶ֪ڲ˵ʱ򣬳Ʒһ˸С
һڼֻʣڵҩ㣬Żһֱӻһɿֲȵ
󲿷ɢ֫ٺ֮УգĻʼսҲڲϵиεɱ䣬гһܹﵽǵĳ̶ȣǸʱ򣬲ʼսɾͣӵİӣǸʱĳƷ͡
ʣµһȫӿĵ֮УʼǿĶسȥ
ֻҪܹأս֮кɨֻſ֮ͨǿ
ڣʼŸ߲ͻƶȥ
ʱͻƵһһĶɹһۣµʱȥˡ
µʱ䣬ƷɽͼĿռ֮У뿪ϵһҩڣٽˡ
ڻʼĵ֮һӷѾεؾȥ
ϾƷһһεĳһһεͻƣѾѷ죬ҡҡ׹ˡ
һһβϵĳѾһ
Ҳ֪ȥ˶ãƷϾȻʼɢ˵⣬ͷð˳ǹѾת˼µı־
䣡
ƷڵĹͻصϣ֮С
ڿأ
۾ֻùǰ˵ǱһأѰضĶ֡
ǰκ۵ĻͲҪ³棬Ϳֱӽκ۸ſ¡
һܣ޺˼궼һöһҩûҪĴ㡣
Ʒּ۾̸ոͻƵľ磬ǹ̵ʱΡ
֮󣬳ƷڴӶ״̬֮˳ٿһ¸նˣϹڳƷ۶ѾƽϢˡ
ϾҲѾµʱˣƷҲͳ»²
֮УҺͳҵĵж˫ԼʧأǳҸʧһδ궥һĴڡ
ҵʧǾǰģΪΧ˳ƷܵʧԽȻ˵е˽ǡ
ʧĻײѲ䣬ʧȴ֪Ҫܹ
ҵĳͻͷһѹţֻͣ¶Ҫ֣ˣ˫ڸײҲûͣ¹
µķͣƷѾƽϢֻʣ°ҵİӿΪ𱬵Ļǹ޾֮УһͳŴַķ֡


790 ô֣Ҳȥմ֣
Ŵַ˵˵ޱȵҪΪĿѧһȻǹеķչ·ߣչȫŴżķ
ķչǺصĵȵķչڳŴżķ֣˵ûгŴżķ֣Լֶ֣˼
Ŵַÿһʱͻᱻֻ֣һ˵ģܴ󣬻Ҳܴķ죬Ӧ˵ѾϰˣһεĳŴַȴͬһ͵ĳŴַ
Ŵַڽ򱻷ֵģ˵ôĵطӦѾ˲Ŷԣַȴûб֣Ϊԭĳ˺׵ġ
֪ΪʲôԭַȻ¸˺棬ҲʲôΪؿǱ䶯³ַҲв٣Ƕϡ档
ͷȴ֣ͻȻĺȻһ޴ޱȵҩ԰ǳǧƽôĵطȻһ޴ޱȵҩ԰ʱɼͬҩһػС
ֹҩ԰Ĳ²⣬Ҳϣ˲²⣬ԭŴĳŵҩ԰Ȼ֪ʲôԭ˺ףȻȴûб
෴ģʱ䣬ҩ԰оȻвٵҩԵлҩƾʱ䣬˲˼ͨ
޾ҩ㵱У˵滹ܹӹĵرҪֱӱʹá
ϻйֵļأɫԭǰ˴֮һӵзֵģڵõϢ֮󣬻Ƽ̾֯˴ĸ֣˻Ƽҵ˽˾ӣ˵
˶û뵽ǣȻдܿ䣬ֱӲҰ˳
һ˾̾ƼҼҪϢҲûа취Ϣˡ
һʱ䣬Ŀⶼҩ԰˹ȥ
зҩѾɾרҶԣܹõҩ԰ĵ̣ܹ൮һͨĸ֡
Ǳ˭õˣ˭ͨ磬ֻҪһߵģʣ֮ҡ
ңƼңңƵļ嶼ǰˣӣȻûͳĴ죬Ȼ˭ҲСȻǶκһ˴ҼȻӵѹԵơ
ҩ԰ѾΪעĿ꣬ŽĿʮСʱϵĲдϢٲȻֱʽ
Щ֮⣬ɢޣСĸҲ׷׸˹ȥûлܹ©Ҳᾭ
ôĵطôҲȫȫһ顣
Ͼйҩ԰ҩĴѾɣǵʵÿһͻƶѣһʮ
ôһᣬ˶ˣ
ԭҲھȻô֣Ȼô֣Ҳȥմ֣ƷڵΪ˵Ѿվٷ֮ʮŵϵ֮ϣҲˣнѾʼŻˡ
ոյõʴеʱµʱ㹻Ϊͻƺüˡ
Ȼٶڱ˵ҲѾǾˣڽҾ˵Ǹоеġ
ʱĿհףȫҪҪ޿ȾֻѰЩԵˡ
ãչ£ֽŶˣóȥˣ
Ʒ⣬ֱӳɽͼĿռ֮С
һ֮ؾ½ıԵ޾֮Уһһ㣬޾ĺ֮С
ԭˮ޵£Ҳ֮أĺţϻķΧҲһĵ죬޾ĺǵĽ
ʱƵƵӴ·ֻ߹һˣ߳ȺӵĴӺɶ
Щûа취ͨǰҩ԰ĸִӰһ·ɶˣôģ϶ɢ֮еĶ֣һҲûôĵô
һգޱߵĺƽϣǷ缱˶񣬵һʮ׸ߵͷˣɲܹ
һƬͷ֮УһɫװӰն˶޳ֻϴһͲߣ˿ģһɫһӣһͷ㱻ɨ˷顣


791 ͷ棬
ƲǺأֻѰְȻһͷξ޴ͻȻӺȻһڳһɫӰҧȥ
ѪڣܹӰȫ̵ȻȴһӰֱһеȻһȥ
һ˲䣬һȻһԴͱȻˣѪ꣬Ȼըˡ
ȻأǧҲǺˣǸӰϵһ˵
ȴǱˣǳƷ
磬ѾһˣʱҲ뱩¶Ψһİ취ݡ
һֱõЩѧȻҲǲʹˣʼ˹ӣһ·һ߸·һ
һȻǷûжԣȴҲˣһؽɵģõļ;ؽܹ࣬
ϳƷһֲĹٺҲûˣ
ǸղͻȻð켶ޣҲһԴһûа취ޱģЩҲ಻Ǻ޲ѡ
ȻƷȴһ⡣
ȻƷùҲһûеģ֮ǰʰɵʱõľǹ
ϣѾȫµĻˣԴӱ֮ʲôѧϹһ鶼֡
ٽ֮󣬳ƷֱӴٿһ켶Ĺʹõģħ
һʩչ״ħֹǼһϯĹУҲǷǳ֡
һƷӴ½Եɴ󺣣һ·Ҳ֪˶޵ͻϮƷҲȥ⡣
һױ˿ѶĴķħ̶һʱ䣬ƷѾ¯ĵز
һר޹ҪزҲʱ䡣
е似ԽԽ࣬ƷԽǾûʼսѧνǰֱָʣ˱֮ȥѧ䣬Ȼ
ָ߶ȿνǸݽ겣ƷĿǰǸ̶ȣֻǲƷֱá
ܹ˲ѧȣɲֻʸüΪĵãǻʼս֮вٹڽŷļء
Ȼ۷壬ҲѾɿһˣƷ
ʱǰԶһٺĵطһ޴ޱȵĺǰһĺͬʱʱĻ᷺һ߲⡣
ȻԶǳƷȻܹŵһֵҩڵ
һҩޣԽǿ죬ҲԽ࣬ˮʱʱǿһӷӶڿշϰף·ķޡ
ˮɢſϢǱƷϰ׳ľ޾ȻײϵײԣЩ뽫ײˣ뺣ףǾͿƾΪΪˡ
ʵϣֻһͨСĻֻѾײˣһǧƽĴ󵺣ҲסôزϵײϾ޾е޾ж٣㶼㲻
ֻǴԵһ£޵Ҳ½޵ʮϰٱϡ
֮д󲿷ֶ߱ϰĻֻؾҪЩռ졣
ͨ׵ĸײϵĻǷǳпܳȥġ
ϣȻ󷨣ÿһЩײʱ򣬶ᱻֱӵסһ֮󣬾ʧˡ
ҩ԰³Ŀɲ࣬ǺеҲ֪жٱ˹ǲϰҲûʲôˡ
ҩ԰ֻ֮»һЩöҩ԰꣬󷨾Ȼܹʹã󷨵ֻҲСӦûһЩĺöУ
ƷϾʹӵжϳ˺ܶĶһŵĵ̣ɴ˿ɼһߡ
϶Ҳ򵥣ԻƼҵʵȻܶ飬ⱾѾǳѰˡ
ô׷׸Ȼûܹȫ죬Ѿ˵˺ܶˡ
뵽ƷҲͲٵ飬ֱӽȻһ̤κƷһĳԶĵӶȥ
ƶʱһѪڣųƷҧ˹˵֪Ҫ١
ȻЩٶվûгƷ죬ԳƷվǰȫ䵽˺ϡ
ʱɳ̲ϲԶɢ߸ΧһȺˣŭ


792 ƼҺôͷҾƫа
ƷμԾ֮䣬ܿѾȺ֮УʱȺе˶Ⱥ鼤ܣһˣҲûв
Ҳûʲô
Щÿһأϵĸ֣˵쾳֮ж֣ÿһȻ̸һжţÿһϵ
һУϰˣ˵һӴȴ赲ɳ̲һ޷ͻơ
ǵĶ棬һʮߣɢ޸֣ȻĶˣʮ֣һ⣬Ҳ켶ĸ֡
ôĸͬһ֮ǿ֪
ʮ֮УһװģеȵЦſϰٸ֡
Ȼϰٸּ巢ŭ濴ޱ𺳣ȴû˿ں
ϰٸɢ޵ǰ棬һĸߴˣЩˣ˵ǻƼҲδ̫Ե˵ɣƾʲôǻƼҾҪ
ǧ࣬ɴ󺣣ǻƼƾʲô뵺
Ҫ뵺ǰɣҲûʸռҩ԰
ǻƼҲ̫Եˣ
Щɢ޷׷׷ŭ˵
ʱƷҲ׷ʲôˣԭЩˣȫǰ˴֮һƼҵĸ֣ѹֺˣȷʵջƼҵʵ˵ὫЩѰɢ޷
ʵǿض˵
Щɢǧɶŷ·ߵ£ǰѶȿ֪
Ȼȴ֪ԻȥˣΪƼҸЩɢвֵĻᡣ
Ʒ˼һЩ巢ЩŴַȻ˲֣ǻƼ֮ǰжܿ䣬˵ֻ¸ֵĻᡣ
壬Ŷˣ˵ЩɢˣֻЩѾγĬˡ
ЩɢȻҲǱȻ֪ڰ˴ҼǰСĺһһԱҪֲʤ㡣
Ҫ˵ˣĻͱҲˣ
ʱƼǸΪ׵ľװ˿˵
Ҳ룬ʲôҲʸּжô
װ֮еӣѾԱˡ
̫ˣƴˣǲŲʮˣѵҪסôʱɢһߣǸĸߴ˷߷߲ƽ˵
࣡
ʱǸƼҵľװȻǸĸߴˣ֮Ĺâ
˵ŵͬʱƼҵľװϾͶˣ̾ѾɱǸĸߴ˵ǰ
ǸĸߴȻҲʲôƲ磬׼ֱһָصĿеһָϣһӾͳǸƼҵľװ˵˹ȥ
ҷָҷָ赱Ѿ˳뻯ĵزˣƾҷָ裬ͬĴ壬ŵĳҲ·磡
Щɢ޷׷׾˵Ȼϳĸߴ˵õʲô׷׾̾ˡ
Щ֮Уĸߴ˵ʵǿģȻѾ۷壬ɢ޺СĳΪһȺ˵УѾǷǳѵˡ
Ͼǲǰ˴ֲ۷ĸֶв١

ǸžװĻƼЦһһ˲䣬һĽϯһɽ⵱дżĵζȻܹ
ĽƼĽȻ˲ã
ɢ޵Ҳмʶ֮̾ϳƼҵõǻƼҵѧĽƼҵĽͽҵɱһ񹦾ǰеǿ似
һɨĽһӾֱӽҷָǿָ˺˿ȻһǸĸߴ˵ָ
˫ǿ֮ѾʮԣǸĸߴűȥָƣ֮о֮ɫΡ
ɫҰף亹֮Уأǲŵ顣
ܵģҵҷָѾ߾磬˲һ
ţʵԼǿӵҲ˲һ
ƾⲻ֪ĶҰҲǻƼҵĽᲢۣװƼЦһ˵ûнЩɢ޷ϡ
ҪиԽߣͺһ³
˶ɵýԷֻһ˶ѣȻѹ˶Կǰ˴ҵĸ֮Ѱܹĵĳ̶ȡ
˴ңƼңôͷƫͲа


793 һһͳͳ˽
һԴʵһڶ˿һźɫװˣһֻϴߣ֪˭ֻܹ֮жϳǳᡣ
ЩɢԭЩлƼҵЩ˵ȻҪ룬Ƿǳѵ飬ǧ࣬ɴ󺣶Ȼ׷
ǸղƼҸֵҲˣǿԶԿ˵ģʵزˣܶʱ򲢲˶õģοǻԼͬں֮ڣֻ໥õ˼̸ʲô໥
£˭Ҳٶȳ֣ԼҲúǰǸһĽǾͲˡ
ԸͷҲڼġ
ƼҵʮҲĿ⿴˹˳ƷֻǲɵüƷȻߣ޷˭ʵ̫ƻˡ
СӣԲѣ
ʱһƼҸһһ˲䣬ͳųƷ˹ҲʲôֻǻצҪƷͷ­ץá
ֻоǰһǸƼҵĸ־Ѿɱ˳Ʒĸǰˡ
ã
һƼҵĶ鵱УǲԻֶкܶࡣ
ȻǲûпԼԤϵеģƷһץеĳ棬෴ģƷһɲǼ䣬ͬһˣеĳٶȺɨ˳ȥ
أ
Ƽҵĸڿ˳ƷΪԼѾʤȯյʱ˭֪һճ֣ʱҪѾˣͱݺԴ
䣡
ξͺڵһ䵽˵ϣȻʱٶȸ죬أײȥ
ҵӣɢһĸֿŶе㲻ġ
ֱǿЦ涼ѿ˾޴ѿڡ
ð˲ڻعʱǲŷ֣֮ǰԶС˳Ʒˡ
ƷʱվƼҶԿһƼҵ鷳ȻֻһѪͷͷࡣ
ִֻѪͷ࣬Ҳвϣ֮ǰ֮·ˡ
ǰ˸鷳ȻΪһʱߣʵ
˶ڳƷΣһӷ׷׵˺üǸƼҵĸ־ʲôʵһӽһִſ£ɲһܹõġ
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ʱǸƼҵľװ˴һ֮ɱ⡣
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֮ǰشͷǸһ˼һγɣں֮ҲǳĿ¡
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ЩڸŸ֮Уܳ䵱ΪϣȻڻƼ֮УȻأ֪Ƽҵʵ
֮ǰ춯ɵƼҵʵҲ֮һϾҩ԰ֻһСʱ˻ƼңºٻƼҵı˭ܹס
ʮƼҵĸּϾγ󷨣ûٿС˴ʱĳƷ
ȻΪѾ߿˳ƷȴС˳Ʒ
ʮƼҵĸ֣Ʒûһ˿һԥֱһɨ˳ȥ
أ
һƼҵĸֻûиôһ£ֻоһͻȻͷϷȻȻһ
֮ǰǸƼҸһ޶ֱһԴҵ˵ϣֱӽҳѷ졣
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һһЩƼҵĸȫ˽֣ʮɵսһ˲ͱƷıЩƼҵĸȫ䵽˵ϣ˶
ƷʱʩչĹжôľˣ²ʩǧһƷʩչ󹦣ǿͷ޴޶Ҫһҳɷ顣
⡭Ҳδ̫ǿˣ
˾˭֮ʲôʱðôһùĸˣ
ѵǱܣⲻķ񣡡
ɢۿʮҸ֣ǶԻʤݾô˽˳Ʒ£ʱʧɫ׷ײ²˳ƷݣùʦǱ˸飬Ǿǲ²Ʒݡ
㾹ȻɱǻƼҵĸ֣ˣΪһߺ棬ǾͲ鲻ˣͷ¶β֮ǸƼҵĸŭɶ


794 ɨ·
ǸƼҵľװӴʱ̼ŭ˼£ƷճǸǻƼҷЩһһЩɶǻƼҵľӢ
ƼҵĸǶţëֿɲǺ쾳ߣܹģοЩ쾳֮жߣһۣοôˡ
Ϊ֮ˣȥôûκΡ
ƼΣƷЦһǵãƼҲ˽ɱģСȻҲǳֵǺʣƼҲƲ
ҪûеõƼҵֻ֧֣ҲôľͳҶڳƷǵıӾʩչ˵Ĺ
˻ƼҵİͳҲŸô޼ɵҷ
˶֪Ʒͽҿ˵ǳƺʵϣͻƼҵĹϵҲòĶȥֻнǰƼҲԵûô۶ѡ
⺣ҩ԰ѵǻҪ˲ɣҿҲûôǿʵ֮ǰҲᱻ˴ͬɥ֮ȮһӻˣƷЦһֱӽ˻ƼҵϵףƼһ߲Ҳƿˡ
һɢޱȵʹ죬֮ǰƼҵӺӣ˵ǺݺǵϲһţѵǲǳŴɾ͸ñôô

ǸƼҵľװ˵ǳĴˡ
ΪΪ۵ģ
ǸƼҵľװŭɶױˡ
ǻƼңϵ¶û֮أ
䣡
ƼҵľװһӱˣʵҲȫչ˳
أ
ɢ޲ɵõһ쾳֮УһżидеĴ壬Ÿ˵ҲһѿԽȥżһԽȥضͬˣ쾳֮УǸ֮еĸ֡
˵Щɢˣ˵أֱ죬쾳Ѿľʺˡ
ҪأʹҪˡ
ʱˣΪʲôǸʹҷָĸ֣Ȼô򵥵һ赲ס似εĲ࣬ʵž޴Ĳࡣ
ʱٿƷʱ֮оͳŵģϾƷᣬζеʱ̣ܶ츳Ҳǲġ

Ƽҵľװִһеıһɨ˳ȥһɳĽâֱӺɨ˳Ԫˡ
һĵĽ֣֮·һ˲䣬еѹˣ˵
âֱӳųƷɨ˹ּֿʼҵľװֵʵȷʵͬ졣
СҲ׳󣡡
ƷЦһȻȴһںڵֱɨ˳ȥֱӳųƷնĽâһ˲ͱ˸顣

ݺײ˳֮ϣһ޴ޱȵĽ˿Ŀ񳱳˷˿
أǸƼҵľװֻһɿֲϯֱ֮ϣǸ޴ɶ㣬ҪסеĳҲûа취
һ˲䣬Ѿķ˳ȥƶը˿Ѫ죬м׷ɡ
Ѿǽ߾ȫˣŬֻǳƷֲ̫һЩ
̾ʶһּΣյĸоͷϾͿʼŵȥ
ղųƷ־ûκ飬ȻҲɵƼңƣȻҲʧˡ
ǳƷôܷߣƼҶλ򰵵ΧɱƷУֻһЩϢ
䣡
Ʒһȥҵķ飬ۿɼ̮ȥ
ȥޱ𺳣һ˵ʵһ˲ѣӳƷһķ˳֮ȻƷֲһһжֻһ˲䡣
ǸղŻҫһɢ޷ĻƼҾװִʱѾĺ󱲱ƷһҵİȥµľȥĲˡ
չ
Ʒ˳Ѫܿͻ˸ɸɾ·ղһµɱ¾һ
ɱЩƼҵ·֣ƷҲûԥųԽ֮䣬䣬û˵ڵɭ֮С
ֻ˻ɢޣƺûа취ţ֮ΪܻܵǿУڳƷϣֱͬһ˵ˣһһͳͳ˽ˡ
֮ʲôʱôһùʦˣ
Ȼ𺳣ʵ̫ʹˣƼʵ̫ˣǷ
ǸϽ߰ɣȻһ»ƼҹǾûȥˣ
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795 ϵĺ䶯
ϣںҩ԰һʤһۣûֹͣ
ڵϿѾεҩȻֻǾһƳѾҵۡ
ҩ԰ϵǸָڱ̽Ľ磬Ǹ߸ϵҲ̽鲻еֻܹżĳЩǶȾһƳĿһЩĳ
⺣ҩ԰֮иִҩϢҲǲֶߣиִţܹ۷ĸͻƵͨĴҩ
Ϣϳ׷ڣΪ֮Уͨĸʵ̫ˡ
ܹһʵž޴ĺôġ
Щ֮⣬ںҩ԰ϵĸսҲʼϴ˿
۷׷׵ʱһùֽƼʮִ˽ֵƵѸٱվöˡ
Ϊ漰˰˴֮һĻƼң̾˹ע⡣
˶Ƶϣһɫװӣֳһֹһɱһ㣬һȥǿݣǿ쳣ĻƼҸ־ͱ˽ֱӹˡ
ʮƼҵĸ֣ǸΪ׵ĻƼҸ֮⣬ȻܹסһغϵĶûС
ָܿʮƼҵĸ֣Ȼƽʱټ֣֪վָʮƼҸ֣쾳֮УҲ֡
ȻӵĴڣȻһɨȥһʵεǿ
˴ߣʹóû֪ʲô·һʱ䣬Ϲ˵ݵĲ²ϡ
Ϊùĸʵ̫ˣܹΪ֪ĲǺܶࡣ
ϾƵǸչֳʵصĸֶһſ£䱾ʵֻ»Ҫ֮ϡ
ʵģùĸ֣ͲǺܶˣܿ죬һͱ˳
ЩֶʱżΪƼѾųˣ˭ĿŵɱƼҵĸ֣һݣƼұȻҪѪĴۡ
Щùĸ֣ƼҸˣ£ЩģɵĶ󶼷׷׳ҥʲôϵ
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ǲҥҪǱƼΪйϵĻǾˡ
ƼȻûܹǵŭͬʱҲޱջ˵˭ʵ̫ΪˣƫƫĿˣͷ¶βһ֮󣬵Ƕǣˡ
ΪҲǺܶ࣬˵λȨ֮ھȻƼұƵĲòҥʲô涼ûˡ
ЩĹʦҥ֮Ǿȵķ֣ķκһĹʦü϶ԱˣʦսƵûһսƵġ
ø˶һ߱ݸȤˣѾ³ˣ˴ߣǲϳ
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Ƽ¸໽УųԲùֻҪںҩ԰ϣͿ϶Ƽҵĸ֣Ǹʱ򣬾ˡ
ʱƷҩ԰ɭ֮вϷӣҩ԰ԶԶ滹ҪŨĶˣһ죬ֵġ
ϣʱԿһĽ磬ڽڣһһҩԣȻ춼Ǹŵҩ԰ˣֻǲ֪ʲôԵңԶǰ˴֮Уڲؼա
֪ԼѾ贫ˣϢʱܶ鴫ٶȼֱ
֮ǰϲ鵽ϣһĽڣʥҩеѾˣʣµȻûбݣҲץʱ乥С
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Ʒڲʱ򣬵·һɽͷʱһ߿ţӰ˳
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ǸŮӣҲΪªǿȻҲ׶ߣƷҪ߳һͷȥ
϶żֱ뺷ϢƷסˡ
ǸղŹƼߵǸôûã˶סҲ͵Ϊֹˣ
Ǹӿˣƺһ㣬Ҫ˶Ĥըˡ
ӦͦóԵİɣ¸£ϸƤģ
ǸŮЦЦˡ


796 ̫ˣ
ͷųϢһּ˲ĸо
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壡
ּϾʹԺ֮л
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ͨΪЩ޲ͬ˳Ʒ㼶ȻףУޡ
Ȼ󲿷ֵ嶼޻ζ޵Уܹεģһ
ִᣬĽУ˶֪Ϊ˱סƽսսϣǾĶȴûһȷĸ
ʵϣ֮սޣȻȷʵҲһУȻЩ޻ûʲôǣѭ£ֻҪСķõܶṹɾ޴в
µЩɽָ޹ǣָ֮˴ԣޱʵɱɱ㹻๹ɾ޴в
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һֱУҶɽս֮У֮ΪǿĶ߿ƼǼǽһĴɱҲս֮ϡ
սϵĲӣΪĲӣҲǺѹһзĸڡ
֮׷Ҫͳ࣬˵ĵȻЩģûǵͳ࣬ɽ֮е塣
̵ĴΪܹ˳ͳ࣬˵Ķ񶾡
֮Уѿ壬Ϊ϶ɽ֮УȻһЩɢɢأҲ͸¶ݣ̾ͻӭΧˡ
˴󲿷˶˽ûеģֻ֪Щǿ޵ġ
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漴Ʒ뵽ˣ˿϶ǳɽ壬ΪɽУɽһֱҪ඼ǵѪʳںڰ彫Ȧ˾ֱӳԵ
Ǹ˵᧿ΣһСģͻ壬˫Ѿǳƺ
ںҩ԰ĸɽǲö֮ĳġ
ǾΨһֿˣǾ֮е壬塣
֮вû壬ٱǧ½ϵ壬ֻһܹǣΪ壬֮Ҳǲġ
Ϊ޷Ӧ½ϵǿĺԻϰҲ̫ˣռؽ½
Ҳɵں޵޾޾ϵĿҲάڽȻҲгͻǲǺɽ֮Ĺϵǰ㽣ţʱ޿̲ڿս
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ƷҲʱˣ⺣ҩ԰޾ϣȻǱȷֵģҪ˵޾ϵһ㶯ûУȻҲܡ
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Ʒüͷ΢ȻѾΪʲôе壬ǱܵĳƷͲϲ壬޹ضԴ޹аռ䡣
ȻܹϳǵݣҲǸǸԵĺЦЦЦޱѿƷ֮гɱ⡣
νˣƼҲǿôܹɱˣܹõƼҴĽǸŮԺֱ˵Ʒ֮Уޱȵ̰
Ƽҵ˷ӦǲƷعԭǻƼ
Ǻһģ
ûʸ֪̫ˣҪϲӥ㲻ÿЦôԺ˵֮еıԱ
ʱҪĶ࣬ϵƣһЩǿߣҲı䲻ƣ½ϵȣѾռˣ˵;޴߱ȱȽǣ½ϵй֮޲
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ʱǸŮԺ˲䱬ˣֲϯ˳ֵͬѹǴſֲѹǵض
Ȼκһһ㣬ֱӳųƷɱ˹
磬ȻѾصľ磬һҪֲĶˡ
أ
ȴֻһ·ǽһǸŮֱӱɨ˻ȥαʱٶȵ˻ȥ


797 ԭΣһ
ֻһѣǸŮԾͱƷֱӸ˻ȥ
ǸŮԱһҷ˳ȥͷѪͷҽвѡ
ֻǼ򵥵һжѣղŻڣһ̫ˣʲôŮԺͱƷֱӽѵˡ
ʱɽͷ֮ϣ֪ʲôʱѾ˲ٵӰˣЩӰɽ֮Уÿһ϶żֱ뺷ϢȻǴӸɢޡ
Ȼ֣ȻԺҩ԰֮ҲܷסеĵطɻкܶɢȻǱ˺ҩ԰
ôȻЩɢҲŮӡ̡
вɢ֮лżּɵ飬ǶѾɢ֮еĸ֣أصĸ֣ɢ֮ҲǺպĴڡ
ȻŮг˴һԺŮӣ˾֪Ȼ󲿷˶ǵĶ֣Ҳֻ
ڣǸŮԺȻһɨڵأϲҽУʱޱȾ㵡
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ԭ
ҲкܶԭǴųƷע⣬ϾƼҲǿ˼ߵͣкܶҲҪȻڶʱҲܾۼôˡ
ʱ˳Ʒ֮ǰѲĺŮһӴһɵ÷׷׾ԭжҲֹͣ

̫ˣƷЦһ˵ҿɣ
ǸԺɫ࣬Ʒʵжݺݴ֮ǰ
Ҫɱ
ǸŮԺѪͷ˵
Դҩ԰ûгԹôĿҲѹûнླ࣬໽С
û뵽ȻᱻôһûߵСϳ˴
ţֱӻһʮ׳ͲںڣƬһ޴ĺߡ
ǿֲһ㼤Զֱϯ˹
˻ǸһҪ鷳ˣ
ʱ˶ʼΪƷ֪޻֮սܵһƣֻл˱֮ǲĿ¡
ԭǵı壡
ƷЦһ˵
Ҫ͸Ͻ磬Ҹʱ䣬ûպĥ󹤣
ǸԺɫѿŭ˵úúãҿǲˣһ㣡
һԺһ޴ȻҲֱӻһľ޴ĺߣǸŮԺҪӴһЩ
ֱֱֱһСɽһ㣬ɫĺֱһ˲Ͷˡ
ǸԵĺ߳ХһֱӳųƷɱ˹ſѪڣҪƷһȥ
ֻϾȻ˸ƽһĹâƽɡ
ڳƷûжʱǸԵĺֱӶˣȻβͺһһ㣬ֱһ޳ųƷ
ѹһ˲ͷס˳Ʒе·Ϳռ䡣
˫ϵķǳã߶Ѿأ˵ټϺǿصĸֶᱻϵæҵġ

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أ
һ죬һ޴β͵ͱ˵ϣһԵĺֱӲҽβȫ֮Ϊ̵ĵطºԿҲǲ·ģڱƷȻһңֱӸоȫҪˡ
ʱףΪʲôһԵĺֻǱƷһ͵˳ȥˣ̫ˣǶԷ̫ײˡ
ʱһԵĺֱɱ˳ƷǰſѪڣȻֱ³ĶҲﵣ쾳ߣ׼մȾЩҲܿȫƤò
һУ֪ɱ˶ǿߡ
һУƷûûκοµģеĳֱӻ󹦡
ȻȻһȥݺһԺߵͷ­
䣡
һԺĥһ޴Դݺ䵽˵ϣֱڵҳһѷ죬γһ޴ĿӶ
һֱզһԺȥ˰ΣͷǶˣԽѪ罦˳
ƷǲסЦЩɢΧȴ޷ƿƷϵĻҲ޷ʲôԵӰ졣
⡭⡭в߶ֱ𺳵˵ˣ𺳵ĿųƷ·˹һƷǿǻ֮ǰ֪һЩǿȴͷһ֪
˶û취ĴԺߣôƷˡ


798 ͣת
֮ùĸʲôʱôһɷˣֱǿĿ°
˵Ժ֮жɵùһЩùĸ֣ȴֳƷսЩʦȫͬƵĵطҲܹӦòһˡ
²ǰ㣬û֪Ҳ֪κһˡ
𣡡
һԺ߳׷ˣһԺİ£İȴǰʱŭɶ
Ȼ˶ΪҪųƷֱʱû뵽һξ޴Ժ߼ֱһɫһԶߡ
ЩԶսɢǣҲе±ƣ˵õƺأ˵õ빲ء
һԺҲǿ˳Ʒȫһǵӣﻹͣ
ֱһһĳԶӴܶȥ
ߣʱ˰ɣ
Ʒ˼ȻеĳȻͶǹһֱ˳ȥ
䣡
ƿ˳գֱڵһϯ˿һ˲ѣѾ׷һԺߣȻֱӲһԺߵԴ֮УݺݵĴһԺߵԴ䵽˵ϣֱӲ˵
һԺ߲ҽвѣԴһֱӲ嵽˵βϵķжʮ׳ľ޴ϵŤŴֺұڡ
ֱɨһ޴Ŀհ״
ȥҲ̫һ㣬ʲôͶĹ򣿡
ǸӦ󹦰ɣ
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Ҳ󹦣ΪʲôҸоһѧ˼ٵ󹦣ӳȥ֮һûУ
۷׷׵ʱ򣬳ƷˣȻһ̤˷·ڵһ˳ȥȻһ䵽һ޴ĥһĺԴϡ
ղŲǻҪôôˣ
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һԺ߲ϵ޴ŤβͺݺݳųƷ˹
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һ޴ĺһԺֱӱҵͷĿѣͷϾȻ˸ָѷ졣
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һԺ߲ϲҽУ嶼סҪ߶УְֻһȭԴϵƬѾˡ
أ
أ
أ
Ʒ飬ϳ֣ܿʹһԺѪĽԽ
Ȼܿû˶ȻƷˡ
һԺҲһ֮󣬳ƷʩʩȻͳذףȻ޴ԺߵϽ޵ڵץ˳
Ƶˡ
޵ʬ壬гϼ۸񲻷ƣҲߣֳ۾̫ˣԸⱩ¶ɽͼռĴڣʱ¶Բһ⡣
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ƷɵҡҡͷǺݺذΪĲָ޴ĺ⣬Ҫ֪һ·һĺ󣬻ûгԹأѾĹˡ
麣⿸ڼ֮󣬳Ʒܿʧ˴֮С
ʱЩɢ޸ֲŷӦ˹ղһĻʵ̫ˣǲûмնɱޣԼնɱٵޡ
Ȼûһ˵ķƳƷֱȭͷȻڵϵһ⣬ս񣬺ֹһļ򵥴ֱ
оȻþȻмѪڵĸоЩ˶Ѵùͬޣֺγ㽫ѹŴ򣬵ʵ϶̫ܡ
һ߶ԼȡʤǳƷƴѹ޵ģȴǷëǣΪģ˵ֱǲܵ顣
ˡҸоȭͷıɣѵùֻһΣɢ޸ֿˣһڱޱ𺳵ĻǾԲܹڴƴϽ۸ز
ڳƷ뿪֮ղսƵҲΧ۵ɢ޸ַˡ
ովڲ²ݾΣһʦڷǳȵĻ֮С
ڣЩƷսƵոշ磬ٶһ⡣
ͣȭͷޣ𺳣תˡ
ȥȻôͣ
ԭҲǽеģΪһⵥû뵽Ȼģ
ѵĲЧ˾ؼô˿ô
ǸʦΪʲôʵȭŸıĿֻ˶Ŀѣ
һʱ䣬綼ΪƷһս׷


799 磬
Ʒһս֮󣬼̾ͳΪŵĻ⣬˵ϵۡ
նɱޣʵжôϡ顣
ֿƽѧƵƵҲǷǳˣڸ޵ɱϵĵҲǷǳߵġ
ЩƵᱻΪоص㣬ͬвͬ㣬ֻЩ㣬ǿ似ܹԿЩޣǽЩնɱ
ȻȴƷսģʽģƷսֱѪˣȫ߸֮ǰͳνԸҪѭҪ㣬Կ޲ֱӶԿ֮ġ
ڳƷ˹ƨͨĶ޲Ǿͻȭͷ⣬Ҳùӡ
Ѫս˵սʽ
˴Ӳͷʬ壡
˶ڳƷսʽ˵Ƴ籸ΪƷ㼸ǵѹһľնɱͷޡ
һЩվܿվ˵ľ沢ףɱ壬Ҫ֮ìܡ
ҪǺȫսǾֳֻܹƷˡ
Щ˸ոðͷìͷָ˳Ʒ̾ͱܶ˷ˣͺȻûдģսЩɱĻô
ӵػǼɵôƽ
ʱվԼһޣ෴ģվںһߣ㲻壿
ЩѵϹôûƵУ߾Ȼøҳ࣬˵̫ˣôǣǾȻҪΪ˵ѵ˼
Щ˸ոðͷͱ˵ĿˮûˣٳΥˡ
˸ǶڳƷɱ¾ͣ޶ѾӹɣԱˣ˿˶ߡ
ڳƷݺݽѵһ٣ã
ƼڳƷۣڵ۾ѩģҪǰǰ״ۣɲס
ʱݱʱһ罻ϣ֤Ϊ޾һ壬ͻȻƷôΰĺ壬ɱ֮󣬾Ȼǵڵֱ񼫣ھںҩ԰ϣҪǳƷҲҲˡ
ǱˣضҪƤǣ֮أ
Լ꣬ƷеĻɣ
һʱ䣬ñݱĻһ˲硣
ǹעĲΪ˶ڳƷƣȻǺ֮еĸ֡
޾һ壬ܿ˿գһ޾һʲôȺѼ鱨޾޾֮һΪǿȺ
Ⱥ֮ͨľ޾ʵΪӴ󣬿δػ˴ȻҪ
һʱ䣬綼ˣûм壬ֻ˵ĴڣֻЩ꣬϶޾֮лӵ֮⡣
ȻҲǳͻϣȴɽǰѪ
ҵ죬زˣҿʲôҾȻ˺Ҳˣ
ڷӦһʲôĴ֮󳹵ɵۣΪڴ֮ǰʹĶ࣬˵мʲô࣬Ҳûһһ㣬¶ǰ
ȻֻһԣһСʱ˿Ѿ˰
˶ͼһʣϾûʹ
Ƿų˺óƷԼȥĻȵΰĺ巢ŭҪƷȫҡ
㱩ķԣҲޱȲˬϾô˵ƷҲ֡
ոðͷͶҪ˵ȫҡ
˶׷ھ罻ʺԣҵģȥɱƷ˵̫ˣֱȡе
Ļظ˻ðɡ
౾ǲУͷ¶β֮ɽϻӳƴˣҳҵǰҾ֪֪ʲôɽΪʲôô죡
Ļظʱ˵ŭ𣬷׷ƿڴҲûж˵ʲôֻǷų˼ƵֵƵ
ЩƵ֮УһϮտɫװȭžͻ˶֣ЩֶϳǳѾõĸ֣صĸ֡
һʱ䣬˶ƿԣֱӴֻһŭȼա
˶뵽˳Ʒ֪ظܷܾΪһ档


800 ңɱ
ϵһ˲ȫˣʵ̫ˣȻԼ꣬ųƷȥ
ǺεȲ
ѵûܹôϺ֮иͬǳ֮࣬󣬸֮һ㡣
ټȻҲһܹƵסĴڣȷʵ̫˵ȥˡ
ȻָܿҲԲʲô֮ܵĸֶصĴڣɵֻѾ۷弶Ĵڡ
һ˻涷ٿı޾ֻͬδĶ֡
۷ĸ֮УѾĸ֣ͨĸ֣˵Ѿλ۷壬˲̫ΪһʶóȻȥ뾨֡
ʤӦ˾ͻ٣£ҲŹ˼
Ѫȥսȴ֪ʵ̫֮Զˣ£Ȼһʱ䣬þƵ˶㣬Ρ
޾һ壿ҩ԰ϣĳɽͷϣƷ˸նˣϵĸҲܹõġ
Ҳ˾ԣֻǲסЦʵ̫ˡ
ңɱ㣡
Ʒֻ֮󣬾͹˸նˡ
ͨղŲ鿴սƵҲѾ˾սȷʵ۷壬Ҳʵ̫ˣȻֱӽԼսƵų
ԭ˻ĪʵڣȻһʵˡ
ƷһԼʵ𾨺ϾոտûжãκβҲκβ˾
ֻҪٽһа
⾨һʱ䣬ҩ԰ҵһԵΪٽһȥɱ١
һսѾ죬Ǹ֮սССĴһͺ֮սɲҪ໥κβõսҪսҪӮ
Ʒ˸նˣȴַˣΪƷԵʺͷǳƷںҩ԰ϵ
ҲζţǸƵĹʦڳˣӦսûоˡ
ֻǼ򵥵ĸ֣©ɱݺᡣ
˿νԣã
ܶ˻ǲóƷϾصĸʵʵ飬ҲֹһսƲ⣬ӦѾ۷塣
ƷȻйɨظֵļ¼վ˫ܵĶֻвϵĲࡣ
ôǾǿһЩǳƷǿƻӦȻһ㶼òҪ;һս˼
˶û˵ĻһսҪǲ֪ʲô˻Ӯˣ
ϣܶ˶ڴս·һҹ֮ðһ㣬ֱͳƷսƷϡ
ͷŭҪƷ˵Ŀǰ֮УƷƺȷʵһЩ벢ûбֳȾǿ˼
Դ˵ҲֻһǾǣ
˫Ϻã˻ҩζ
ص˸ն֮󣬳Ʒɽͼռ֮ó˹ߣʼտ麣⡣
һ麣ѾĽƣ֬һһεĻɽ֮һ˵ζ
ɲʲôѰ⣬ͷǿصĺߵ⡣
Ʒһڣ㡣
ȻѰ޵ⲻһҪɱͷˣ
Ʒ˵۷Ź⣬˿Ŷҽӽ켶ĺޣȻѾһʳˡ
һ麣Ѿȫ˳ƷĶˣ׳Ա֮󣬳Ʒɹտͼϣ˼֣ζٶɱͷ
Ʒһͼ⼸ͼñѾ׻˵⻥õĶԾӻ
ǿޱȣǳƷȴ˿£෴ģҷͼơ
ֱӴ󵽲˼飬Ͼʵǿ󣬸ǳ޾һʵǿȺ
ںҩ԰һɽ֮ϣһտɫ۵˿Ÿն֮бöһͼǼ仰ɵŭա
ӲѾšһü֮ޱߵŭ
ⲻǱˣϺͳƷԵ޾һ壬
ƷôʾڵƣǵݺݴһǿӲϰˣˣʲôʱҲӶԴˡ
ãããǺõĺܣҵҪ⾿Ǻηʥ
תͶɽµȴŵļӰ˵
飬ҲҪ֪һ꣬һҪ֮أ


801 ϰٸ֣ɱ
ƷΪҲʵĽ̼ĹǺŭգûĶ֣ƺѹҲûнϣ
ģֻҪƷץһҪ֪Ϊʲôô졣
һʱ䣬ںҩ԰ϵĺ嶼յ֪ͨ޾һҵƷץˣ͡
ṩϢҲͬˣ
ƷһҲܿ͸ܵѹʱʱΧܹӰӰӰк壬Ҳ塣
ﻹܹ׾ʲô
ܿ죬յϢԭǾȫҩ԰˰ѰҳƷټܹóƷߣ͡
ЩЩΧˣȻǳͶġ
һͨŵϣȫһ֪ӣ֪ҲҪŪ㡣
һˣ¹̾㹻˸ˣȻӹɣһܶԸ˵ġ
ȻˣΪҪԸǳƷԳƷԸ۷ĸֶɱ٣ôܻ¾¶ħ˼ͼֱӽ¶Ըɱǰɱˡ
ߺߣҪҵͷƷЦһãҩԻδݣҾú棡
Ʒ̽ˣЩĸֻǻûйЩҩԣЩɢҲڵȴ˶ڵȴ
ҩ԰ŷֳ֣ĵһҩԣϴڶҩǸҩ֮У˵ܹ۷ͨĴҩ
ƼҾڽҩԵʱսܵģɥ֮Ȯһ˳Ҳҩ԰ΪΣյĵطʲô֪ļΪܣУ̽ʲôϢġ
ҩԵΧԲһҩԣҲкܶັĴҩвֻڹżϼģӦѾ˵ĴҩȻмǸҩ֮еҩЧȻǼΪġ
ֻҩԣ϶ԲˣһԲһҩԣ۷˸޷֣ϾκɢЩǿޱȵȻʱ򣬶̫ˡ
оںҩ԰ԵشҩˣЩҩ΢һЩǶѰ˵Ĵҩ
еĴҩܹ˵ȫǱȫ̼ҲΪ֮
ֻܿأ޷۷壬ȫǱûбͷ˳
۷ǽ쾳˼Ϊľ磬ҪȫǱȫͷ˳пܿľ硣
Ȼڴ󲿷ֵ˵ǲ飬ΪĹȱݵģһʼ⣬ܹߵ·Ҳ޵ġ
쾳ϣȻѾվδȫ
ǰ·ˣ˶ڷǰΪ·
Ĺȱݵ£ΨзЩĵرл۷ľ磬ȫǱͷųɴˣӵ˿ͨĸڡ
쾳綼̸ͻƵͨľ硣
Щ˵ҲǷǳҪģҲǾΪҵĵطϵǰ·԰˴ңǰȻЩɢҲá
¸Ѿ¢˺ҩ԰Ҳҽ̫еĺôҪ֪ɢ֮ҲиǴ֣Ȼ٣ȴûС
Ҫ˵вɢ޸ڸҵĸ֣ռȫĳɹԻ͡
ڣڻûһҩԱݿ£Ʒʱ仹ǱȽ϶ġ
Ʒ֮ЩҪͺ־ͳ׵˴ùˡ
ɽͼռôһܹʱȥĴڣƷҪǾ͸ûܹҵ
ھһ£ϵչ˵̺ʽȻȴ֪ǵûκģΪƷǶɽͼĿռ֮УĵطƷҲܾֻǲ֪ѡ
£Ʒĳ֣ȫֲģϴһǹͻһط
һ·ƷصĵطܻûзӦô£һʹһӽԴը˲
ԴЩˣƷɲһ˿һΪ֪Щ˶򾨺ȡôġ
ȻȻҲκ顣
Щ˵ʵȻȵùƷһһӦͲˡ
ЩˣǿߣǾͱƷѹһЩֵǮĶȫʬǺ޸ǾͲˣֱӱƷտ
˻Ҫϴϡ
̶ʱ䣬ϰٸֲƷϣκˡ


802 ˣľת
̶ʱ䣬ϰٸֱֲѹһգֱϴɾֱ֮տˡ
ƫƫ͵껹ҪϴϣǺεȵ˵⼸죬Ѿ˺ܶĳԻڵſƷɹͼɹЩֵͼ
ǿųƷԵѾǿˮֱˣ쾳ĺʰʲôطܹԵ㵽Ϊ߼ǼƵҲܹԵ쾳ĺʡ
ǿɲǮܹõģкܶԻºвֱѯʳƷܲһ֣һҲԲôࡣ
и·׷׽мۣ֮ǰƷնɱһͷβʬ嶼ӣ˵ʱ䱻ƷնɱʮͷԶԶβҪǿ̫ˡ
Ǽ۸ѾеƷЩĶĵزˣƷһִŹˣһСǮĺݣ֪ЩԻѾۿʲôزˡ
ջѡеĴϾںҩ԰Ҳܸ˿ݹȥҲױ˳ϵĸ鵽
ԲĲ֣ͬڵȫˣ޻ͻƵУͷȫǱ۷ľ֮С
ȻЩ˿ļ۸Ķ˵׶ĿǰĳƷ˵ǿʵҪ
ڳƷ˵޾ԼƷһĴڣԽǿҲԽǿ
½Щֵʮڵĺ޵ڵӸ޳ˣҲκĶ
ʱ֮УƷ˵Ƿޣÿ춼мʮֵϣҲǣںҩ԰˵ѾħҪСֹ޵ĵزˡ
ҲóƷǳЦãΪǶԷ׷ɱô
ôȥ׷ɱһ
ȻǴˣȴҪˣԱôˣķôĴۣûץסƷ˵ϰٸֶ˳Ʒϣ˵Ҳһ޴Ĵ
Ʒֱǳ۾һÿһγֶǺ֮һߣץĻᡣ
壬ҪԸƷҲûκôΪƷ·֪һᡣ
Ȼ䵥ĸֳ֡
̶ʱ䣬ȻϰٸȫڳƷϣѾǳˣй붼Ǻĸ֡
޾Ĵ֮޾ĺޣҲͬĿ£Ҳסӵķġ
ֲڴһսֻۣץһ˾ҪôĴۣҲúֶоԲˡ
˵ǶѾƷĵˡ
û˲³Ʒӵķ֣ûʲô壬ҲûʲôԤֱӾûˣһԴȻʬͱˡ
ȵ˸ϵʱѾֻʣһصǽˡ
һʱ䣬ҩ԰ϵĺѾǷণֲĳ޿ħһˣȻץȥտˡ
Ȼ޾һӴ󣬵Ҳ޶ȵʹȥһʱ䣬ĸҲùġ
ĸֶˣ˵֮еĸˣȻͽȥˣҲȥܡ
ȻڳƷɱ¾֮˺֮еĶ֣Щ۷ĸվʾҪץסƷ֮ء
Щ˶ںҩ԰ҩ֮УŬһҩԣûпյԳƷΧ׷½ء
ԶڳƷҲûеġ
÷޾һȻóƷһ취ûУֱܴ衣
ҲΧ˹ƷΣǳƷ۾һֱӵˣҲǷǳΡ
ֻϲϷʳƷһˣһߣֻͷ¶β󱲶ѡ
ǳƷᶼûᣬƷǳԼĿģҪɱǻڡ
ϣҲ⵽˺ܶ˵ĳЦǶھм֮УˣƷˣת
ȻҲΪƷӦһսܿͱûˮ֮У̸ֲ̨ʲô
ʱʲôʱ򶼲ȱϯʥĸҲˣ׷ָųƷɱ¾̫ˣҲƽȵɱ¾ûкýģҪıʱô졣
Щ˵ĺĹ۵ǳƷҪڳеΣҪԼȥǵ¾ϰٸֵĳƷֱﲻ⡣
Ȼվ˵ģֱԲ˵ҪƷѵƷҪԹ־ܲɣ
ϲľκ֮УƷٶȴɽͼĿռ֮˳ΪյϢһҩҪˡ
ַӵ


803 ּˣɱ
һҩԵķ缴ƣϢںҩ԰϶ʱһɧ
Ϊʱ֮У鲻٣Ѿ򿪵ҩУȷʵ˲ĵر
Ȼ󲿷ֵĺöУǽЩҲ㹻Щɢ޷ˡ
ҩһƬɽ֮УɽȺܴҩҲСһ޴Ľ֮У۶ܹһɹɺһ㣬ֱûҩ֮С
ҩ֮еŨȿ֪
ƷյϢ͸ϵҩԣʱɽܣͱ֮ϣѾվˡ
ЩɢޣֱԲЩҩԣǾֻǿĸҩԿˣȥˡ
ʱɽ֮½½ȻѾˣԶԶűʮ־˵ģΪЩ켶ĸ֡
ÿһϵı仯ͨ˾ۼһʮֲֿġ
۾Ļ·һҫ۵ĵݳڸ֪֮С
ЩҲֻĸ֣Ʒܹ֪ĳЩԾͲ࣬ΪɢĲѹ֮дŴһֵ
ڳƷǰ޷ء
ҩΧĽ֮УһȺʮʦڲϵƽ󷨣ͼ󷨴򿪡
ȻӦѾԹӲǵòʧѡʦĥġ
ڣǸŴɽȵľ޴Ҳʼ𽥰ƣۿټһѾͿԱˡ
һ֮ǰһȻӰ˵ע⣬Ʒһ˾ȻҲˡ
һδѵκۡ
ǸʱΪ˶Կҵĸ֣ܵˡ
ߣͬʱҲŶʮ켶ĸ֣ȫʥ֮κҵĸ֡
Ҫ˵κʥ֮иٹ̣ʵǿ󣬱𽭼ңһҪǿ
ϾҳҲ˰꣬ѣǲġ
ƷɨһۣҲòпκȷʵЩ֣εҲϵΪ붼أصĴڡ
Щɢ޸֣ձҪǿĶ࣬ҲЩɢ޸ָҿֻԶԶš
һƷͿһȺˣ̤նҲǿϢΪ׵һ˾ȻҲˣǰƷ˵Ľ
µʱ䣬ǵȬΪȻһƷȻҲصľ磬ȻӦǸոտûм졣
ҲǾˣ
ƷҲ֣ΪεһμߣӵеԴҲѰģҲѾʮٽһҲ
˵ĵҲɽ֮ƣѹסЩɢޣκԶȻ˽˽Ȼʱĵر
˰
ƷһЦµ£¶˼Ц
²ʵҲ˷츲һı仯֮ǰѾȫͬˣ֮ǰκһ˾ܹѹͬĸ֣ڳƷһ˾ſ
ǸϷǳȵǸߴʦԶԶľͿ˳Ʒ̾ͽ˳
⼸죬Ʒϣ˵ǳĻȣĻһֱûֹͣ;ԣ˿ãϰȫϡ
˲֪ٴۣǾûа취κε˳Ʒ˵ʱ䣬ƷѾĿĿĽˡ
Ҳ֪˭ߴʦ֮ߴʦţҲͳ˳ƷţԿ˳Ʒ֮̾ѿڶ
Ȼ
˶˳ƷķȻµһװʱҲѾˣӦҲðƷΪ˭֪ʱ侨ڷѰҳƷټ
ʱðƷǲѰ·ô
Ȼҳҿò˶ʱ䣬ӦþͻյϢҹ˰ɣ
ҲѾһʱˣߺߣǸʲôöߴʦҲʲôƲ磬Ҳ֪˾˭ǿ˭
һĵǵĶֶһǷˣ
Щɢ۷׷ףƷ˾֣⼸죬ڳƷϰٸ֣֤
κۺͽҲĿɨ˹֮мǲûϳƷĻʱͲ־ҪΧ˳Ʒˡ
أʱԶһ̤˹Ϊ׵һݿʣɷ꣬һɽȡ
Ǹ쵰Ķ


804 һ֮
Ϊ׵һӼǷɱʲôܵһ
һ۾ͿȺ֮еĳƷһɫװߣһҲʵ̫ˡ
һȺ˸ոյ̾ͳųƷ˹ȥƬ̼Ĺ򣬾ѾƷΧס
ʱЩɢ޲ڷӦ˹
Ƽеˣ˿˵ЩææʦϾǽңƼҺκҴʦ
ʦʦһǳҪķԴǴܹ
Ƕû뵽ƼҵЩһûǰǱߣֱӽƷŰΧסˡ
ˣߴʦ֮ǰɱƼҵĸְɣ
ѹˣǸǣǻƼҲʲô֮ڻƼҸǺպǿӲɣ
û뵽ȻǻǰƼһУֻ»ûܹԽģҪ˵ͨҲûпܣ
е˼ˣõſ;֮սˣмＸб»Ǿ˵ֻмıֻ͵ϮѣϾܼˣ
˶۷׷ףмֿϷ˼˳Ʒôһ֣˵Ҳòˡ
Ʒ̶ʱ䣬ѾƼҵ˸ŰΧУΪ׵ǸһɷˣһۣԴһǿѹȸС
壬ƷҲЩɢ޵ĻԺ֮иֳ֮ǰ˵ĻһЩϣƼһеٮٮߣϢ˵ѾڶΪһε峤
ȻǳڳҵǰߵλҲˡ
˵ͱȳµ˻ҪһЩʮʮ겻ӣƽ˵ʮ֮ǰꡣ
ôĵӣүü죬ˣ
屳ֶʮŵĿųƷ֮дż֮ɫ
ֻǲסЦſųƷˣɱǻƼҺü֣Ƶ磬Ȼɾ˳ƷߴʦţԵģûƼҵĸ־Ȼ˱˵ı壬˳Ʒ̤ʯ
һô཭ҵֲ֣·ߵĴײˣ⼸Ʒ;ԵԽԽңĸ汾ĴԣƷɱ˻ƼҸֵ鶼ǵӲ
ƼڲԴȻҲޱŭΪƼһεȻԴ
ôôƷЦһ˵
±ŰΧסƷҲûһ˿һĽźͺ£ֻĿŻ壬˵
ãܺãϻҪţ֮еɱҲƲסˣǺǣһ㻹ŵĳƷΣڷͷ壬ܱȵùƷ
ƷȻԼвԼ֮вɵ֮ɫŸָֹҲĸһЩ
ȻǽҪ֣ȻƼͬڱƲƷҲеء
ǳƷʲôˣһ˵Ҳһ֮أ˵ĿȴǿЩɢޣںͳƷ˵ھЩɢޣǿǰ˴жôǿ󡣡ʱļ˶Ҫǣһ֮أ
ɢ鶼ЩĬȻǶѾϰˣЩȻȣЩȷʵԵ̫ˣûбȽϵĿԡ
˴ҵǿ󣬿ɲ֮꣬ͨҪǣǻź˵Ĵɱ
ƷεǿɱϽңȻȫˣվųҺͽԴͨǿߣȻ¶˾ģֻһö˵ͽ⡣
˫бϵĲ
Ʒ֮еһ˲ͻɱ⣬ļ˵£ǡǡ˳Ʒۡ
Ǻǣˣ
ƷЦ˱û֪ǱϵǸƷ
Լ־ǵȴ֫Ū㣿忴ųƷ߰˵
Ūҵ֫Ūңе˼
һɲǼ䣬ƷЦһͳˣеĳһںڵһȥֱŻͷ­˹ȥ
䣡
һݺ䵽˵ϣȻôҳһӣ֩һ˷˿涼ھҵĶ̳׶ߡ
Զֻȫ亹ֱðӦʱ˲˳ȥһܹҵϡá


805 һƽ
涼΢΢̳
Ʒ϶ЦſŻ壬Ҫɱ䣬Ҳⲻˣ
Զ˿һĻɵÿĿɿڴһɨ֮ǿ˵
涼ھҵĶֱֲֿҪԽˡ
òǹɣ
ֲ̫ˣǲκ似ֻԺɨˣ
֮ǰΪߣҲãϾ̫̫ķǿԼˣǺ쾳ܱȵģȻڲŷ֣߲ǲˣֻûٮٮߣ
ڳļɢޣҲǸи֣֮еٮٮߣֻһѣǾܹܶĶ
һɨƼҵĸҲһӽ
ɫҲʼƸղǰСƷˣһߣȷʵöԸ
ǻƼңϵ¶ûĲ֮أ
Ǹ߸ϣȻƷʵ𾪣ҲֻǶ̶ʱ֮Ѿָˡ
Ƚһ˵ʱ˵Щʲô壡
ڴʱƷһս˳˲Ծ˵ٶȳŻȥ
һΣҪ˱ܿʱȴȻŷ֣ԼȻƷˣѹסˡ
Ʒһڰ֮УȴһޱߵƣȥһӶֱɨ
һֹоȻֱ仯ǽ˼Ϊľܹ顣
֮ǰ˵Ĳ²⣬Ʒֻһʵȭͷı壬ڹֻõһˡ
ڳƷһ֣ŷ֣ϵĶǹƨмһ֣֪ûУƷһ֣һĹʦɡ
弸̾Ѿжϳˣһûа취ˡ
ƣ
¶˼Ϊŭ飬Ʒǿѹȣһֱѹסĸоָоոðŭɶ
ʲôˣôԱһͷ¶β֮Ƶϡ
Ľ
гȻһӳ֣֮˺ѳĽâֲĽâųƷ˺Ѷȥ

һ޴ĺ·ǽһ㣬𵴳ನڰ֮лһֲĿ񳱣һκһ㣬˷ϯȥ
ڳƷΧЩΧĻƼҸ֣һʱ䣬ͷ׷˻ϵĻǻ汻紵һȻһּȥĸо
ԶЩָǿĿתת꣬Ƽսһʵ֮ǿȻӹ˵
Ʒһɨ£޵УȻҲصעĿꡣ
ԶĽκҲĿ⿴˹ǻ壬ǳƷǵǵһҩľ֡
ܾ˲źãԻʵ㹻ޱȵļɵ

һѵµغ֩һһһ˿ĽΪģ˷ɢȥ
ǼΪйķţҲΪʲôΪԽߣЩ߱ƷԽСԭΪе˸Ȼ㹻ķźͼɣԸ츳֮ˡ
˻ܹӻѵܹжϳƷһжôĿֲ
Ҫ֪ǿǼӲʯѰȥҲֻܿĻĽھȻơ
ҲϾ͸ܵ˳ƷһĿֱֲ΢΢飬ֻһ㣬Һйļɣֱֻ۶Ҫϵˡ
һҲҺУڣ
һ
һǾ㿴һ
Ʒһеĳֻһ˲ѣϾٶȥϣƷ˿һɫÿˡ
˶ֱ֪жôΣա
ħʣ
ƷʩչģǷħ֮еһУΪħʣÿһ֮ǰӿֲĶˡ
˵һֵӵħһƱɱ񣬷ɱ
ˣ
һɨأն˺ѳ룬ԶԶȥΪֲһ˲ͳŻݺ
Ľ
һʱѾû˱ѡ񣬳Ʒٶȶʵ̫ˣһѹһУһҲɨһС

һµײĿ磬ֱ˾޴ϵĳȥ
µѷˣֱӲȳһնʱҲǽп಻ѣȻйļжȥ˴Ǳ֮ǰҪʤһĿֱֲӽֱ۸ķˡ
ûмĸ֣ûмܹƷȼ絽زĸ֡
̤̤̤
巴Ӧ죬̾ͳźȴȥȻһϣһɱ
ʱѾپһ˾ҪնɱƷЩƼҵĸҲ·ڵõһ㣬׷׷˶һ˵Ľ᳡أɳĽڿ֮кɨиһһģԶԶȥΪֲ
ЩƼҵĸһ˲Ѿʩչһ󣬶ǵʵҲڽļӳ֮£һȫµĸ߶ȡ
ߣƷЦһеķħֱʩչ˷ħʵĵʣһɨض·𰲾ֻܹƷһ˷ϯĽ·һ֮ܵǣȻȫװһ𣬱Ʒĳһɨ˷ɻҡ
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һµϯĽƷһɢ˷ȥ
ЩƼҵĸּͬʱоһɨеĳȻ΢΢Ĳ
ٿƷʱ֮ȫˣǵʵʩչĽ󣬼ǻҲûа취ֿǳƷȴһͽǸƿˡ
һʵȻǿˡ
һԵĻҧгݣ᲻תֱԵĸоٿƷʱ֮еļɵ޷Ρ
Զκۺͽ໥һۣǶ˱˴֮еļɵƷʵ֮ǰƣƲ⣬Ȼˣ֪̫С˳Ʒ
κ۵֮лɱ⣬ͻȻðļһ˸ߵҪƻʥصļƻˡ
Щɢ޾͸˵ˣûƷǿƸǿƵǼĶˣǿƵȴǼΪ
ʵһĴ֮УԳΪһˣڰ˴һ֮УҲΪǰĳųϡ
жڳƷݸȤﲻͻȻðȻһ֪ĳ
ǵĲ²ⲻֻǴҲ벻ѾĳƷ
أһɽ֮д
翪ˣ
Ŀ⿴ȥȴ֮еĽȻȻһ˲˿


806 ˭ܵ
Ǹɽȵľ޴ʦ֮£Ȼ̮ˣڽѿһ˲䣬һŨҩĿֱӴɽȡ
ֻŵһҩһּҪ̥һĸо֪ҩ㾿жôŨˡ
ڿˣϰмȫǱĴҩ˸һ
˶ƶһҩܹ֮ȫǱ˿۷Ĵҩ
ϾεĶѾأǿصĸ֡
ѾزˣôĲͻƵ۷塣
гһҪͨľ磬ǾͱҪͷųȫǱп֮ͨ嵽ͨ硣
һҩǱҪõġ
ܹ֮ȷдҩһҩ԰ȻЩҩûбݣԭһЩżϣͱ˷һЩ֮ǰĵ伮Щ伮֮мЩطֲʲôĴҩ
մҩĲͬЧҲֳŵȡ
ںҩ԰Χ֮УΪľܹͷȫǱĴҩֻͷȫĴҩпܿ۷С
ľҲǸļң
Ǹ˶˵˶һӷӳ˹һӰӥʳһ㣬ͱ֮Ϸֱҩ֮С
סǣ
ͬʱģκ۶´ͬЩҺκҵĸҲ׼Ҳ֪ǵĿʲôȻֳϰٸ֣ƾǣȫס
ֻҪһʱ䣬ֻҪΪκסЩɢһʱ䣬ǾҲˡ
䣡䣡䣡
ֻһ˲䣬Һκҵĸ־ѾЩɢֱײˣ¾˵ײһ˲ȫ˳
ЩҺκҵĸĬסǰ·ƴȫҲֻҪȡһЩʱѡ
κ´֮ĵһʱ䣬ѾҩԵӶȥ

ݺݵĿ˳ƷһۣǳƷĻҲͽκһȽҩ԰֮С
ȴ
ѾأԶܹͷȫǱĴҩмߵģûҩԻƼҵʵ˵ȫ޷۷壬ֻҲᱻסüʮʱ䡣
һ˵꣬ʮʱ䣬Ѿ㹻ıܶˡ
Ҳһ㶼ûˡ
ɱ
һȻȻһ̤ξͺڵһ㣬ɽ֮зӶȥֱӳѾսһŵĽңκԼɢֻսս֮С
ʱһɢ޵ĸֱӳ˳ͼС
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ɢ޸ֵƶߵķһ㣬˹ȥȻݺ䵽˵ϣֱ֪군ˡ
ֱӺɱɢ޸֮ҲĻŵˣЩɢ޸֣ǲ˼ĿŻ壬֮ǰԳƷʱֵôˣǱѹŴ򣬼ӶҪԭˡ
Ȼ˵ʱ򣬾ȻôͣͲʵ㣬ǳƷֲ̫ˡ
һѾ˻սսȻҩκۺͽķ׷˹ȥ
ɽȵΧشƷʱĽΧסˡ
ĽǻƼյһһĹһ֮һȫµĲΡ
˻´ָ֮Щﻹһǰԥ˲ٶȾٽųƷ˹Ҫնɱ
һ˲䣬ƷоԼһޱߵĽƸΧסˣһɽѹһеƣ˿ɵ
Сҵҵǰ
Ʒ֮˼ɫ
Ȼÿ
˷ĽϯƷһץ˳Ȼһɨ״Ʒħһ㣬ݺȥ
ڳƷǰ˷Ľ۳һھ޽һھ޽ֱӳųƷݺն
䣡
ֱɨһھ޽޽һ£ɫ˲Ȼһ˲ͱˣ޷סƷһ
ۣ
ۣ
ۣ
ЩƼҵĶַ׷һѪ˳ȫţƷȻ׺һƿǵĽȻѾǿǷɡ
ƴˣһҪסѾյϢ޾һľڸ·ϣֻҪסһʱ䣬ˣʱһƼҵĸִһʩչ˽󣬾ȻǵסƷ
ʱﻹնɱƷ뷨ƷɱǾѾܲˡ
ȻĻ䣬֪ʲôʱ򣬳ƷȻѾǰеĳ֮һ
أ
ԴһӾը˳ԽѪ֭ը˿һ˲Ͳˡ
ӻɵϴ󣬲ţƷɱ¾Ȼ֮졣

ƷЦһĻ䣬ξȻѾһƼҵĸֵǰеĳȥ
Ƽҵĸֵ׼ٽֱֿһ˲͹ˣͬƷҵĶˣȻƷĹȥƲһӾͽƼҵĸ˸ϡá
ʱлƼҸֵɫˣΪǴʱ֮ǰƷķɱ¾̶ʱ䣬ϰٸ·ֶ˳Ʒϡ
ַͬˣɴ䣬ֱһӾˣǶӦʱǻƼҲ壬ҪճƷϵǣЩ룬ȵǸϵʱ򣬳ƷѾɱ¾ˡ
ʱﻹ׷׳˷ɢȥ
Щ֮еٮٮߣһ·ӴܣƬ֮䣬Ѿʧ˸ɾ
ƷҲû׷ɱ̫ˣŲͬķߣҲȫɱ
ǰиҪ飬ʱսսѾɱҩ֮Уҩ֮Уֲֿɱ¾ݣĸһ߽֣һЩɳҩݡ
Ȼ󲿷ֵҩݶûܹͷȫǱĴҩļֵ󣬲˵Ҳѵõջˡ
ƷɱɢЩƼҸ֮󣬼ͣĳҩԵķӶȥѾɱҩ֮С
ʱҩ֮У˶Ѿɱ۾˳Ʒһҵĸͬһɢ޼ĬһĳųƷ˹ˣƷҲЩҩݵľˡ
ƷôվŲֱһɨ˳ȥ
ĬıĹֻһ˲䣬ͱ˸ɸɾ˵ɨУֱӺƶߵķһ˳ȥֱĲˡ
ؿڵĹͷȫˡ
òԶڹ۲ĸ·ֶֻõղŻǶѾסˣοƷܹѹסĿ´ڡ


807 ȸں󣬴ҩ
Ʒ᳤ݵģ˾ѾˣƷĿɨѾһֺ󱳷ȫëĸо
֮ǰ嶼赲סֱһˣһȻ廹Ҫ͵Ĵڣܹ赲סЦʱĳƷʵ̫ǿˡ
Щ·ֶĬÿһ·ǽңκҵĸ֣κ۶ҪסˣǶҴʱסƷȥ·˭֪᲻ᱻƷһɨǾˡ
ȻҲҪȻվԼҪΪһʵǲֵ
ûЩ˵赲֮󣬳ƷٶȾȫ˳ɾűѾƷ˼Ϊĵز
Ʒһ̬ΪƮȻһ㣬ٶȴǿ쵽˼£˶ûзӦѾ˳ƷѾƮȻҩˡ
һ·˸ָҩݣȻΪģƷȴû˼ȥժΪĿҲֻҩܹͷǱõĴҩ
ΪҪٽһ͵ָҩˣҪ֪ڵΪѰأĶ֣۷ĸֶ
ȻΣķĺҩ԰ϣ⻹ȫģҪһΪͻƵ۷壬Ǹʱ򣬼۷ĸ֣޾壬Ժɱ
ǵϳͨĸ֣ʲôµġ
Ƭ֮䣬ƷѾ޾ҩ֮Уҩ롣
ʱҩ룬Ӱ໥ڰ֮Уּ죬ֱӴգһκۣͻˡ
ΪѾ֮УȻʵǿĵȻκۣΪǾ۷壬Ҳֻһ֮ңˡ
ܹȡҩʣ϶ܹ۷֮Уξǻ壬ҲصĸˣʵľǽǸոտصľ磬ҲС
֮䣬˭Ҳ˭໥ǣƣ˭ҲԸ˼˱ˣʵǿκۣͻԡ
κȻйȻϵԼܲܿ۷սϣȴ˿Ըõġ
ϾǵĺҲֻǶݵģ㡣
ĺĵشһҩһɶߣҩ㳤˾ƬҶӣƬҶӴһּ£ȳ˾ƬҶ֮󣬾ʹҩѾȫ죬ͻῪʼ
ƬҶӵϷöͮͮĹӽΣƺɫıʯһ㣬Ϊˡ
Ʒݵʵļ䣬һ۾ϳˣҩΪݣܹĹʵ
ҪѶȲСҪɷǳԴܹ
һݾȻöӣǼΪģǳƷ˵ʼ֮滨ݣҲʮֺġ
ö̷еκһöܹȫǱ쾳Բﵽ۷塣
ͬʱҲΪδͨ˼ʵĻȻڳŴ֮Уûܹﵽ۷˺ܶ࣬Ƕ˵ؿ۷ѶȻܴԺܶ˻ǶзǳֹʵڳŴֵ֮ͬơ
˶Χöչ˷˭Ҫȡö˵Χ˵ǣ֮£ǸҲûа취ȡˡ
ǻ¶ֱ̫ӾͽݻˣȻҲ֪õġ
⼸֮Уκ۵ʵǿģƵƵҪͽĬ赲
ʱȫԸȴûע⵽ԭֻ˵սϣѾһӰˡ
æƷ΢΢һЦֻöȴˣԷ߲ȻҪˡ
ƷҲûκεԥһ任˲һ㣬Խ֮䣬ȻѾ֮С
սɵನƷĻûа취ƿȻ޷谭ȥ
Ʒոճսģֱӳö֮С

κע⵽ֱӳĳƷʱŭɶһڴսǿУҪȡһöڳƷȻժӣֻժ˵ӣд

κۼ̾ѾȷӦ˹ȻһȭųƷһȭֲȭ⻯һͷɽͻһ㣬ųƷ˹ȥҪƷֱû
ڲԶĽͻķӦҲͬǻ壬Ʒʱ򣬸ŭɶ֮ǰƷסôһģһ㣬öͿܱκ۹Ϸˣû㶦֮ˡ
Ľ
һɨɳĽֱӳųƷĺɨ˹ȥ
ɱ
һ֮Уɱ⿪ʼһ˲۳һڳһڳɱ۶ɣĪܡ
Ȼһڳݺݵ
䣡
Ѿصľּ庬ŭ֣֪ͬΪصĸ֣ҲӲӣһӲӣǾ·һˡ
ħʣ
ƷֱתǺɨصɨֱֵĹ
һ˲䣬֮еĳ˺ѳӰ
䣡
䣡
䣡
µײϯ𣬴Ŀֱʶϡ
ζ΢΢һ²жȥӰ֮иĿѾͳƷǵһν֣Ȼ֪ƷһʼСˣֻ΢ζһ¡
ûкͳƷֹ֪ƷܹǿزʱǲΪʲô֮ǰȻκβóƷѹסˣǻ̫ˣǳƷʵ̫ǿˡ
κ۵ʵǿҲֻ΢΢ζһסˣǽ˺һסΣΪǿС
ȻʱǶû˼ȥƽ׷װãٿƷȻûн߾ȫֻǶѣƷŷ֮һӾѾ嵽öǰ
ȻѸײڶ֮ƾͽöץУȻ˻С
ڳƷöץ˻еʱԭžƬҶӵݾȻƱȼһһһƬΪ˻ҽ
ҲݵԣһĹʵȡߣͻֱӻΪҽɢ£¿ʼҲ֮󣬻ٳ

κۼ˳ƷĶɵķ񣬺ֹǽͻҲͬð׷׳ųƷ˹ҪƷʬΡ
ҾȲˣؼˣ
ƷһԽĳԶӶȥûѾ˷ļһｻֵ˼Ȼ޾壬ǵһ¾ͻ֡
Ϊһ֮ǰǺ;ʱҲܿˣ


808 չأ
ƷֱӶȡöֱ֮һԽ˳ȥٶȿ쵽˼¡
ɾű䣬Ʒ߶˼¡
Ƕ̶ʱ䣬Ѿܳȥ˺Զ
Ȼκۺͽлŭɶ׷׳ųƷķ׷϶ȥ
ֲֿĹĳųƷȥ֮Ѿױˣ߻󽣣߻߻޴ȭͷųƷķݺȥ
ǶѾأ֮ҲԶѰܱȵģСɽڵ˿ֲĹ
ƷǲϵĻԳɨƷֲ̫ˣֱһܽеĹɨɷĩ޷Ʒ
ͬʱƷٶҲû˿ļκۣͻ໴С
սھȻƷժӣǵϺݺݴ
Ǹŭɶķ֣ƷٶԽԽ졣
һʼʱ䲻ʱ򣬲໹ûȫֳǵĹܹɨƷΧʱ䲻ϵƣƷȻǸ˦

κ۾㵵ķ֣ԼȻƷ˦ˣѧģѾʥصһһϾκʥ֮еĵλʵ˵ѧĲܲǶ⡣
ͽҲǸԼ֮бĺ󱲣ѧҲȻȻ̶ʱ䣬ͱƷȫ˦ֻǾȻŵġ
ֱ߸ǵۣѧĶȻõģƷѧĻҪ߼Ķˡ
˫Ĳ಻һ㣬һֱƷǸ˦ʮ֮Ȼһתһɽͷ
׷ʱȴ㵵ķ֣Ʒǳʧһȫȫʧǵǰˡ
ܣܹܵĶȥ
κԸһеģȻƷˣˣаܹһöڣȴһöûУʧ˵ġ
飬ڵҲҪҳó˸նˣֱ
һߣҲϵƼҵĸ֣κҲͬˡ
֮ǰǻǾ֣ȻȴѾױͬˣΪ˶ԸƷҲΪᵽö
ԭںЩɢ޲ĽҺκҵĸ֣Ҳ׷յŸղųƷʧķ˹
ʱЩɢ޲֪ԭߴʦȻغһҪȡ
׷׶¶˼飬ƺе㲻ţƷҲе̫˵㡣
ڽңκңƼңȴǲʵ⣬һ̨һ̨ĸ߼ȫ˵ڣʼԵڽе̺ʽһҪҵƷ
һһϴżǿϢ󲽶
Ǹ쵰˺ڣ
Ŀͬӥһ㣬żѹȸС
ȴǱˣʱֵķз޾һ
Ĵһץһɢ޸ƲסԼֱӱˣһץ˲
Ǹɢ޺ܿҲӦ˹꾿˭ܼѵ˵ˣˣ

ŭȻһֱӾͽɢ޵Ĳץ˷ĩ޹ɢ޶ʱ
ЩɢҲ׷һĸо׷׶žŭĿӣ⾨Ҳ̫ſˣƫƫǸԿ
̫ˣбӦģȻɢޣȴҲи֣ʱʰģ
ЦſЩɢ޸֣ǵв

˵꣬Ȼһ̤ڿն𣬼Ƽһ㳯ԶȥԶԶȥ·̤Ŷݹһ㡣
ԭû̫࣬ȱϣߴʦܹˣ
̫ſˣǺ廹ûͳأ
ЩĶĸֶܣЩɢҲֻܱ裬ô죡
Щɢŭ֮ȴûκΰ취ΪǸ޷⡣
Ʒغκ۵ϢҲһ˵ٶϴ˿
ߴʦ䣬Ӷ
ھǲ֪ʲô·ˣ
ÿ£ƼҵĽҲˣҶŹܶˣǾƿߴʦʵ̫ǿˣ
ϣһβֻǻƼҺ;κҺͽҲ˶ڳƷͣ˶ʼĶֻҪҵƷôҵʹͼ㹻һҹˡ
£Ʒ֮ǰնɱϰٸ֣νȻкܶʹ֮£׷׿ʼѰ˳Ʒ
ڴʱѾΪƷ鳹ַˡ
ƷǶɽͼĿռ֮Уʱ˼Զ˼ŸոͻƵصľ磬ʵӦòڽ
ƷҲһöָ˼ܹ꣬ȫǱ̿۷ʱ䡣
˳Ʒ˼Ҳɵ¶Цݣ漴㿪˵Ҫˣغǵǿ϶ưոݵģ
İɣͷǱˮɵĴﵽ۷壬ʱ˭Ź˭ǻ˵أ
ƷЦһ˵
ǲܱ¶ݣħ˼ͼܹ𣬵Ϊܱ¶ݣֻܷŹǡ
ȻڲͬˣΪһֱһ죬ﵽ۷壬ս۷弶ĸ֡
ǻֻǳЧٸһµʱ䣬ȫţ۷֮гۡ
Ǹʱ򣬾ͲҳƷ鷳ˣǳƷȥǵ鷳ˡ
֮ǰҶú˵ԸƼڱƲκͬԸЩ
ҲҪץʱ䣬ͻƵ۷徳磬ǸʱֱƼһˣΪֻعƷ˵˼ƻħ˼ͼĵƣֻǷħ˼ͼһֵܶѣһаսħ˼ͼսʱѵͨľ硣
Ȼе󣬵бҪĻ
뵽Ʒ֮â
Ķ棬˼˵ͷһαĸƵϣҲŭ
һĸݣȴҪƼҵ飬ƼûвôΪٽһԻȥϵǣ¶ƼҵĴȨƷ˵
Ƽ˻᲻֧˼꣬Ҳӹɵģ˼겻ŶʮͷΪѾ۷壬Ƽҵ˶ϹˣֻҪƼĸѡˡ
˼ҪƼҵͻƵͨļ𣬵ƼԼ汻ɻ˿֮βҪһǱͨĸء
һУڲԶĽ
˼̶֮󣬳ƷͿʼת˻ʼȫĹȻ̷һ˲䣬ͻһŻһ㣬֮ȼ


809 սǣ۷
˸֮󣬼̾ͻһӴͬʱһӴͺǻһڳƷ֫ٺ֮ȼ
ȼյƷڵʣȫǱȫͷų
Ĺ֮Уǲ޳ԭʵḶ́ԽԽ⣬ҲԽԽǿ
Ʒ׼æתʼԻʼǿͬʼϵһɻ
ͬΪɽͼĿռ֮У˼ܹõÿһƷϵϢͱһأҲζųƷϵһӴԼ
˼Ҳզ࣬ƼңѧѧʶȻ٣ȻܹóƷڹֻҲǿףǿ˵ġ
ɵЧʣƼҵĹҲԶԶȲϵġ
ҲһöǲûգûгƷôǿոͻƵأ͸ҳԳ۷塣
һûĵرİһ㶼۷֮ٳͷȫǱͻƵ۷塣
ĵرİ֮󣬿ʡȥĹ򣬲۷壬ֻҪ̷֮һܹͻƵ۷徳硣
Ҳ֪ʡȥ˶鷳ҲΪʲôκƴҪȡԭ
Ҳؾ繮̵һزſԣոͻƵأ绹ȹ̣˵Ʒ֣ոͻƵؾ͸ҳ۷սģֱδš
ڿƷûбҩӣ෴ģһ޵׶һϵҩ
һ֮ڻֽ˱չص״̬һȹصľ磬һվͿԷ
ƷҲڲϷɵĿֲܿϲķ֣̺֮ҪԶԶ֮ǰԤ⡣
һȻһ̶Ϸ˱죬ȻĻһϲͬʱö
ⱾҲѾ̫ˡ
һԽԽӴƷתʼеյĸоһˣֻͱһűˡ
ҪŹȥ
Ʒ֮з·Ǳһ㣬ȴһһö̺ԶԶ֮ǰԤϣ˵ΣҲԭһܹ֧ŹȥôôȻҲӹɵģʵǣ˵һҲûд
ԭƣոͻƵʱҲǿһ۷壬ǾѾʮ־ˣҪ֪ŲصΪڿܹһԾΪ۷֮еٮٮߡ
Ʒϳĺգڸոճֵһ˲䣬ȴȫˣ·һɻҪһ
ԶԶĿȥƷѾһŰɫȫΧƽС
ֻܹżܹһЩӰֶ˻ڱչصޣֻһûжȤּһˡ
Ѿأսһ۷ҪҪǿ۷壬սҲһ˵ɱ䡣
ҪǣѪΪˣӵƿ۷˳ˮ۵顣
޳֮ձΪ۷ĳ̶ȣܹͻƵͨľ硣
Ʒ˼ӽ֪Ҫɶ١
ܿ죬ɽͼռְ֮Ϊֶ˱չص״̬֮УܿϢˡ
ʱҲϢ֮УһһĹȥڣһֱӱ˳
ǳƷϣпֲк˳켶ɨһС͵һ㣬ȻȴǱһʲôֻΧڳƷ֮һһΧڳƷ
ûãƷɢս˳ƷڣһɰٴĴ󺣣жٵ˲һ˲Ѿ˸ɸɾ
ʱ¶гƷΣһ˫۾ɾżɫ
ͻˣ
ƷһҪγһ¶һ
Ϊ˼չ֮󣬲ܹõģɱˣڴеĿɱˣǾͲ쾳ܹˣΪѾﵽĵزһĿܹ˵
΢һȫ¹ͷһкܳʱûжˣ̶ʱ䣬ǳ׽ȫˣΪһͻƵ۷塣
սҲʵͻͽĽԭȻ۷嶼κβͬģҲκβ۷ĸ֡
ڣǲħ˼ͼҲоԵİգ㹻һ۷塣
زоޱȼʵ޷һͻƵأͻƶĿǰ˵û塣
ֻǾһˣȻսȴ޷뵽ͨľ硣
޷ﵽͨսôػأûκ塣
ĿǰҲڶʱֱͻƵ۷壬ȻͻƵͨľ磬ҲʵԳƷֻս¡
㾳޷ʱͻƣսǿͻƵģ
ԤУ޴ıʣڲǸոտʼûͨľ磬Ӧսǲġ
ںҩ԰ǸûƼҶꪳɳҩ֮еĴҩҪõ֡
λƼңңκңгңຣŶдִΪľܹͻƵͨĴҩ
ǲ֪ǣʸǴҩˣֶһ
ʱȥˣƷЦһ֮ǰܶħ˼ͼеţȴͬˣ˾һɱˡ
ƷһһʱմĿնǰƷһΣѾʧ˿նһߡ
ҩ԰֮ϣһҩ֮УʱһƬǽ壬ƺոշ˴ս
Ѿʤʤһɵոҩ֮еҩݡ
һԵһɽ֮ϣһֶ
Ʒڴ˾ܹϵóȴǱˣκκۡ
ԱߣһԼĪʮµӣ䳤ݸ㣬ֻǺһȣͫ׾ȻֽɫΪˡ
˵֮ǰʧˣ˸ˣ
ǸƽͫӺֱ˵
κ۵ɫǳѿڳƷϳʧˣƫƫ⼸ҲƷҪһѩǰܶûᡣ
ôҲҪôκۿƽͫ˵֮мַ
㲻ҪѾһˣǻƽͫҡҡͷ˵


810 ɽɨ
ʵҪһأҪô鷳
ƽͫӵ˵
ҿ԰㣡
ã
κæܾ˵Լ֪һЩƽͫӵΪ֪вŻޱȵļɵͷе̫ˣƽ޹ʵôܵڱһ˶ãôܲ
Ҫ㸶̫ĴֻۣҪӦǷһͿˣҲ֪κھôļңûпͨľ磬վ㲻óͷ۷ǿͨ㣬㶼粻ȥ̸οͨأƽͫӰ˰˵
飿κ۵֮ɫκҵʵҪͨľ磬˵кܶ취ͬҲκҾжôļҡ
㶼粻ȥô̸أһѣȴܹĻᣬܲĶ
ΪʲôҪңκ˵
Ѷ·仰û˵ôǵͳʧ֪ɣǻƽͫӻκۣ˵
ҵȻ֪
κ۵˵ͷŪķз
ȷʵһΰӣǷչȻܹĸǴţҲȷʵ㹻˵ģǻƽͫӻ˵ͳȻм־˼ʥ֮УʮǰӦóˣһ֮ʥسƻȥʥصֻһһͨռѷ콫һЩ˴͹ݷȴᣬͻȻʧ٣ʥس֪ҪӶã
òǵɣ
κۿƽͫ˵
ˣҲҪȥǵ⣬ȻʥЩﷳȥ
ƽͫһʼ磬Ȼǳ˵
Ǿ֪ģо޴Ķʥؽ٣Ҫ£ɽϵЩһкҲҪϰᰶϵһУӦʮǰͷˣǾȻһ֮ѹʮ꣬ٺ٣ǺֶΣ
ǻƽͫӺٺһЦ֮ȴѵõ˼ľ
ҵȵĻᣬҽѣҲҪʧƽͫӿκ˵
ҪҰæǸߵģҲԾܿڣ
ƽͫӼ˵
ˣκ۵ϵ˵Ϊ֪ǰ˵鲻ǷҲû˸Ƿ
ͷһ֦
ɽ֮䣬һɫӰڴ󣬼Ǹɽ룬ƽأٶ֮죬Գ￴ˣһμ׾
˲ǱˣǳƷڵΪ󺣶ɣοǸɽ룬ǰͲڻ¡
ϸָɽһܹƽһͨܿ죬һɽ֮£һɽ֮ϣһҩԡ
յϢҵĽһҩ֮ϣոЩҩ
ԽҵʵͬʱԲҩԣȻûʲôѶȡ
ԶԶģƷܹĸ׳סɽĵ··һЩǽ壬Ȼ֮ǰҲǽһʤȡҩԡ
ĸȻǽ֮и֮еĸ֣ÿ϶żֱ뺷Ϣ
ģҵȵʵҲֻܳ䵱֣Ǳĺݣ
һ󺺿˵
ǵΪ֮ϣ쾳֮У֣Ҳͳ콭һҵĴڡ
Ȼڱټ֮󣬾ͶֻһЩֵĹ
Ҳû취ǰ۵ģΪѲǸߴʦÿÿҹңһ׳Թ˵ƫƫطǶˣ޷ĵαô鷳
û취ؽ̫ĵطޱȣҲкܶطտ
׳ؽ磬ͬͬ˽ǧŸ;Ƿڸ߿֮УȻ޷ȫƿؽ
̫ˣʵȻǸߴʦҶȡҪ۷ûκˣ
ǸߴʦҲǷŭˣ˵ǣͷҪԸѰ·Ҷвٵ۷ĸ֣ŭôң϶·һȲݣǾͲҪ֮ôˣļҲҪϾɱС
ộпܲҳˣ˵ʥصĲٸֱκˣƷһˣ
ϣҪܣӰ̫ˣܽ˵򱬣ЩɢôᶮҪηЩ壬ȵչ֮ǰǸƷǸزɾͲˣ
Щ壬ˣݲƣΪǺȫ綼վǣӵк˵ӵͨһ֮Ʊ
Եһ˿һƵˣӭ˱ֶǵľη
⼸޼ɵĿڣҲ±ȥΪǶ쾳֣Բڵǡ
أһӰǵǰ
ʲôˣ⼸ղŻĵĽҵĸ֣ʱȻһӶΪ֮ǰûи֪κ˽ӽ
ǵΪ˵ԲڣһĲǵע⣬ûǾȻֵزȻһоûС
ǿһװߵĳƷʱ򣬼̾Ѿϳ˳Ʒˡ
Ϊװʵ̫ˣҪϲҲܡ
ãǸߴʦ
˴һǼ̾Ѿʶ˲á
ĸ˶ɱҶԳƷߴʦ˴ɱͨǴʱһƷӦ֮󣬼ǽƷһŽǮ
Ǽû뵽Ҫ֪ͨˣҪһǮȻϾͶˣ׷׳ųƷķ˹
ƾҲɱң̫ЦˣƷЦѣЩˣֻ̫Цˡ
Щ˲ãǵʵصĸ֣Ҳаܹ⡣
һδֱӷ˵˳Ʒǰһ׼ĸ֣̫ѨĹĵģֳȳһĸֵģ
һȭֱӳųƷ˹޵еơ
ˣȷʵûʲôµģƫƫ˳Ʒ
һΣĶûУֻһȭ˳ȥ
أ
ȭͷײһһ˲䣬˵ֱۺȻը˿һѪҽϵĺˡ
֮ŵ飬Ҫ֪ѾصߣôԳƷʱ˲һأƫƫӡ
ֱ۶ˣƲæˣֻ»Ҫҡ
ǳƷôܷŹеĳֱ˦˳ȥһһ㣬ͽǸֶˣ˶˵ϣޱײУҲޱȵĿֲ
ߴʦôôǿ


811 ɱ
ƺȫţƷȻôֱֲԶԶ֮ǰԤϣκһ鱨֮Уû˵Ʒô¡
Ҳû֪Ʒ̶̵ʱ֮ڣʵһͻͽһɱ䡣
һӷ·˹Ҳû֮ǰ뷨ǲŷ֣ԼƷߵͽ뷨жôĴˡ
ͳƷʵȣǵʵʵ̫Զˡ
˼ԼͬĿʼɽ֮ȥ
ʱܣüôƷһһγأҪȫµ˶֪
ǽңΣ
ǰû¹ھ͸ˡ
ƷԾ׷ȥЩ˸޷赲Ʒ׷ɱһһȫԴǵʵѾأûͻĳƷԸǻҪ΢һֽţǶĳƷ˵һͿԺɱһ
ʱһɽɽ֮ϣڿŽҴĸСոҩ֮еĴҩ
оЩϧҩ԰Ǿ˳ŴĴŸģԵһҩ԰ֲҩݣɳǳ졣
ڽԼҩ԰ûһܹȵģڵ󣬶һиָ󷨣˸ʺҩĻ
˵ٺҲû˿ϧˣطע˲ΪǽУǽҵʵҲڸ֮жռͷҩ԰ȥ
ʵҲֻҲѯˣҩ԰Ϊ׵ĵʱ䶯¸ģոרҵĿ̽Ҳһ£Ҫȥġ
ҲãȻǵòǺҲκˡ
ůů䵽ϣм𺣬뵽֮ǰȫʧȫ޷ԼȻʧˡ
֣ȻǸļһˣָооᣬȴмϤǸ˲ǱˣǳƷ漴ֽͷȥˣΪ˭֪ƷѾˡ
ִĺ˵Ĺ֮£˲ƣһ˲˲Ƴʮѳȥ
ּĺ˵һǲᶯõģһãȻǴ飬ҪעҲͺͳʧЩңȻǽҵļ׹ƶͳѯ
أоһЩɧңɽ´Ȼɽ¾ѾһľˣɻǱǿĸ֪֪Щˡ
ԣʲô
Ȼɽ°˶פأǱܵĸоԣһԽƴչһȥֱǽ̤ݹһĿֲ
һӾͺɨ˰ɽȻ󵱳ͺһӰһǲǱǳƷ
㣡
ʱŭˣͫ΢΢֮ɢһּΪΣյϢ俴ųƷĮޱȣɱ졣
һҪ۷ļƻòӺˡ
Ȼҳҵǰǹ죡
ĿųƷ·Ҫ֮µһ֮ǰóƷܵĳ裬һĹصΪ޲ҵƷ֫ˡ
ǵģ̫ˣҲɽҲˣ
ƷЦ
ǲҪɱôҾҵҪǴôɱ

ĿųƷһ޴ȻͶˣʱеһڳȻһӳˣһĹâǿֱ
һӱը˿ڳն֮£·˵Ŀˮһ㣬ȫը˿
ɱ
·ȫµɱⶼ۵۵˽ϣпֲһӱ˳ȻһӳųƷ
Ʒ治ɫ޾壬ϣһںڵĳһɨ˳ȥâɨ˴۵Ĺâ
ʱ·ؼoһ㣬ֱӱԽ˺ѿ

ɱͳƷںڳɨһ𣬱һһĿֲ
ƷһȻ̸þȫҲû֣ɨ˽ɱϵʱ򣬽ɱȻ̩ɽûһ˿һӰ졣
·ƷǿֲĹһӾʧȥȫһ㡣
ףƷһƺе֡
ļһΪͺ㽻ֹң֪ܴʱ򻹲κε׼ôмֵɫһ󵭵͸ĹâϸĻֻ»濴
һƵĸ߿ƼףĿƼģһ˫мֵڣûֻһЩ֮С
ЧжȥԸЩĸ֣ЩʹĿµޡ
һڳƷ³˲СĿȻֻǽ˶̶ʱ䣬һɨλõ
ϴһ͸ǶԿһûôˣʲôأһΣŪ㣡
һ֮гš
еɱȻһ˦˳ȥһɳĵâֱӺɨ˳ȥѸޱȣɨǧ
һ·ض˺˿һ㣬Ϊֲ
ûˣƷЦһС˿Ƽ֮ǰδͻƵʱһֶЩôڣȴѾûκôˡ
ǿ󣬸һ֪
ƷһһԾ𣬷·չһںڵĳɨֱһںڵһɨһɳĵâ
أ
âһ˲ͱƷһɨ˻ҽһһ˿Ȼųɨɱˣ켫µĸֱĿֲײɨĿֲһӺɨɽ֮ϣҵĸ֡
ãǿ֣
Ƕ׷ʶһ㣬׷׷еҩݣȻɽȥ
̣
һ˲䣬͸оֱ۶һױȣֱϯ˾㤵
Ȼţ͸оԭϵһ͸һը˿ĸ߿ƼɣԳƷһʱ򣬻赲ס
ֱ۶ˣˣը˿Ѫ
ʱĽҲû֮ǰĵˣףƷѾǿ̫ˡ
̷
뵽ܵĴ𰸣̷ʵҲô̵ʱڱôġ

ƷЦһ
⻹ҪǼˣ
ܡ
ˣһߴУȻƷѾٸĻᣬеĳɨһ̩ɽѹһ㡣
Ѿ޷Ņֱ̀࣬ɱ赲
أ
һɨɱ֮ȥƲֱ䵽˽ͷϡ
䣡
ͷ­һը˲


812 ֮֮ս
һӽɱ֮󣬳ƷʩʩȻջ˳ڵĽôĶ֡
Ѱ۷۽ֻѰضѡ
׷ɽЩҵĸ֣ĿųƷһɱʱе㷢ˡ
ʱ˵Ƕֶѣ˺üʵĶڣҪ֪ڽڲ㽭۱ȲϽкܴϣ֮ͨľ硣
ҲԶһܹģһеڸ߿ڵʵҲܹ뵱ôѧǰʮĴڡ
Ըʵ˵ּȻǺܶ˿ܼŻһӣδĺڡ
ʱ䣬˵֮ǰƷɱЩ۷壬صĸִǽҵڡ
ôЩƷɱĽǽҵδ
ڵмδм⵽¾Խҵʵ˵˽Ǽˡ
ûһ˸ǰʵǶѾصľ磬ӽɽɱǶ̶ʱ䣬ͱߴʦɱ
ߴʦʵֻԶҲϵĴڣԤϵĶҪֲĶˡ
֮ǰȥ룬Ϊؼĸֿɲʲôײˣּĸֻƾð㲻棬鱨ѼֻҪֹȻкۼ
ּĸ֣໹ޣֻҪֹ϶ͻ鱨ߴʦȶԲͬκһùĸ֣ѰΧ֮ҲҲһصĸ֡
ǶûоóƷѾһˣڿ鱨ǳʧˣ
˭뽭ΪУȴֻ
һҸҧ˵ҲѾأȴǰΪӳƷϸܵһּΣյĸоָо·ֱܹ˺ѡ
ƷЦſЩҵĸ֣ҰԵб¾ɣû壬κȥϴɾӣһһȥɱǣ
ȻƷһֲõģҲ֪ɱ˽֮ҪϢѾǲܵˡ
ǻ壬κۿ϶׼Ҳνˡ
ŭңϵ¶û֮أǸҵĸ֣˵
ƷһӾͿҸʵʱ䣬ȴҵĴԮ
ŷͬѰȻںҩ԰ȴС
ƷҲú˵ɱĿѾﵽתߣԽ֮Ѿʧԭء
Ǹҵĸֺ޵ҧгݣԶѾжܻƿնƷȴߵĸɾ䣬һ㶼ˮ
ϱȥһҪնɱⲣֻһǳƷϼ֮һҪ
Ʒɱ˽ҲסֱܿӴˣһʱ䣬һƬȻ˶û뵽ƷȻ˸ɱ
λ֮ߣȻӹɣʹɱѰĽҸָͲһϵĴڡ
ɱѰֻкͽĿܣǴɱ˽֮󣬾ͽ˺ˣ˫Ѿǲݣκλء
󣬸ǱƷŻûƼһ壬κκͳͳϴɾӵŵ
һʱ䣬һʯǧˣƷſȻ󲨣˶óƷǸѰ·Ʒʱ䣬˵ѾңƼңκң޾һ嶼˸ġ
һʱ䣬ڳƷıҲϣԳƷֳʵ˵˰˴ּĳ֮⣬һĴ֮гѶҲ
ûи˵ȥûţԺܶ˶ۣʲô
ƫƫҲƷһ˿ֵĺۼ
۵˳֮Уָҿ·ôŶǳƷ
˵ܿͱûȥˣΪ˾֪ƷѾ䣬սҲܡ
ϵ֮ʣ˶ΪƼҲãҲãκң޾һ壬׷ŹƷ
Ȼ㼸ʱȥ⼸ȴûκһ㶯ȥϵģһϢûС
·ԳƷһ˶ȫ˼ʱһӾϢ˳
ԭںҩ԰ҪǸҩԵĽҪˣûƼҶҩҪչصĿˡ
󣬸ֽú˵ϴأǸʵ̫̺ͷӣԸֵ޷ƿǾֻһ취ǿƿ
˵ϴĸѾ㹻˵һУѾʧȥģϧú˵ϴأһ˵ڳŴżĿ֮Уȱʹã˵˵ˡ
Ϊ޶ȵıסŴżַھȻҪֵ˺˵ϴصĵز֪ںҩ԰Ѿҵʲôز
ܿϢ˴˳֣ȻǻƼ飬ǱӴܣǾȻҲκβǸҩԡ
ƫƫݹ۲죬ò˶ãͻȥʱ򼴱ͨıҲûа취ˡ
Ǹҩ֮УܹͻƵͨĴҩ֮ȣһƷ͸ʲôˡ
ҶΪһս׼һκҩ԰жջ񣬾ȫһսˡ
ʱһɽ֮УһͦΣ絶һֵ趯֮䣬ؼ֮趯·γ˾޴һ㡣
ãͣ¶ǸӰȴǳƷ˭أȫѾĴ󺹣һ˲䣬Щ󺹾ͱȫ󷨣Χγһãã
ôƷ˵ɫޱȵļᶨ䡣
Ѿ۷壬ٽһȴˣҪսͻƣУͻƵһǰ޹ˣûܹľ硣
ΨнǸҩ֮еĴҩܹˣȻǸҩ֮ȻأǻһЩƬƵƷ⼸ҲڹۿкܶҩĶѵһҩģΪҲֻмֶѡ
һΪҩģڵʵļ֮пҩģܹ޶ȵĴ̼˵ĴԣһͨĸԴڡ
һ۷ĸ̼ͨԣֱܹͨӷãܹͨͻƵͨҩġ
ôĹҩԣҪһء
Ҫļޣ쾳ӵпͨսҲҪ
֮־ڱصã
뵽ֿʼ趯ɫ˷ħ


813 ս붯
磬Ϊֺ˵ϴضֵķзƺΪͳˣԸҶú˵ĴҲԽԽ࣬ʼе޼ɵˡ
Ǹ̸ڣҲǸŭԣԭͳ˭ܹѹƵסء
ˣ֪ǸҩԵʲôĴڣȻƵĸò˵ϴ
֮ǰĲٵƬƵҲǹһЩҩҩģڣһƬ˵ǰʱ˶𺳵ˡ
һ׸ߵĳҲ֪ʲôƷ֣Ӵޱȣ·һĦ¥һ㣬֦ïʢգԶԶȥΪ𺳡
ŽһͿԿÿһϣȻվһ֣ЩŴķΣֵֽ߳߳ʮ˰Уǧ֦辣ǧ֡
Щ֣Ȼ켶ĸ֣ǧػĵطжôĿô
ͳûӵĹģѹֻƼ֮ǰȥ˴ȱȻǱӣֱӴȥ
ڣ־Ȼûа취κεǸҩԡ
˶ˣ֪ʲôôôֲôݻǧ֡
Ʋֻһ곬ʵҪﵽͨľ磬ѰͨĸֻҪֲ
Ϊıҩ԰ϣƶõĻ»ɴ
ǳŴ֮սΪս
˷ĵ˳Ŵĵ伮伮ϼţǳŴɽŵһս
ŴߵĲִ䲢ص·ӣȴ߳һԼ·ӣս·չһֳ
˵õʾ֮Ҳ׷ײ׷׵һսǳŴ֮Ӧսıλͺģɱࡣ
⻹ֻڣǿսճŴ֮йļأܹݻǧͨĸֵսС
˹ǿ;òˣڴ֮ǰ˶ֻּصԣֻ֪Բ顣
ּսֻҪһ껹ڣֻ赲סǸʱĳŴĴλ棬ǿޱȣûеƺֶΣôܹء
Ҹݵ伮ϵļأսƶսϵĴɱ
ֻսҪιֵľѪɵĸʬ徫ѪԽǿܹݻĸ֣ҲԽǿ
͹ϵ伮ϼصսȣһںҩ԰ϳֵսȷʵֻˣǼˣҲøһĪչ޲ߡ
ǧһɱ㽭ȻﶼᱻɱĶжס
ϢѾҩ԰ԼʱҲ޲ߣԲ뾡취һҩ԰ʱڱƵϣ֣ΪӶеĵر
ŻȻԭĵطҲͺˣһؿǱ䶯֮һҩ԰ͻȻˮ汾Ҳ̫ܣԭкƲ
˶һӷˣս˾ˣ˭Ҫѹָ˷ܹ취һսڵģҲһڲ֮ء
ֵķзʱʱҲڹȥˡ
ҩ԰һ߷֮ϣһĿݵվڼ֮ϣΧһ紵·졣
ӡϣмֺͬʱȴһɾ˵һӳһɺʱޱȵʢ
ɽ֮£һȺнյæµָ߿ƼҲڵ֮С
أǸĿݵߵߣһӰƷͻϳ˲ǱˣǽҴϣ档
ڽ֮УѾܹǰеĴϽ棬ߵʱȴޱȵĹ
棬һж׼ˣһΣһɹģ
湧˵
ţ
Ǹ߻˵ͷĿ⿴Զһ׸ߵս֮ȴޱȵĿȡ
ͬʱҩ԰֮⣬һ֮ϣһͷ޴ޱȵ޾ƾջһӵģ˾Ȼ뾨мƣϴżΪǿϢ
Χĺ£һͷһͷ޴ޱȵӰˮζڶĺ޶㿿·Ѿ˽һ㡣
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Ǹӻ˵ţĺܺã߰ɣǳɣıôãҲʱˣٲж㸸ǱҲҪסˣ
ţ
˵ͷ֮лиֵģͨĸҲǣһκò׸ټ˺иͨסЩͨĸֻ֣ҲֲĻأ
ͨĸжôĿ£Щ˳֣ʲô顣
ţЩ࣬ҪãҲҪзһ仰˵ĺã࣬ı죬һұضҪͨ磬ʱ޾һ彫ǿ󣡡˻˵
˵꣬ξ̤Ŷݹһ㣬ԶӶȥ
ҲֱһӶȥ
ͬʱһɽ֮УκҲǿƵϢվһӵߡ
мƣֻü֮ɢϢȴǿ̫ˣǿߡ
۷֮еٮٮߣ
һΣĺ˵ϴ֮Ҫһʱȥһ־ڱصãӿ˵佫κһͨĸֶûУܹȺۣڼǳ֮ǰǾҪ㹻ľ棬¹ϵκңʥصҵݲһ˿һĳ
󲮣׵ģʥ͸֮УκҵʵΪǱѡ񣬶ҪκҺ
κֵ˵һݳɹ֮УҲŬĽ
ԼҲҪץΪվһлҪƾʵ˵ǸƲһκ˵
ģ󲮣һΣһҪ˶Ŀ࿴ǸߴʦҲˣҳֶ֣Ҿ֮أǸǸôܺұȣκ򶨵˵
ԼͺˣǸӿ˵һµսҿܹ˲㣬Ǹüˣʣµģȫˣ
û⣡
κ۵ɫһݣȻ֪һսҪԡ
ܿ죬ɽȾΪ֮һգ˶źҩ԰Ӷȥ


814 ˵ϴأս
ʱգۼţ֮еĳƷǾ͸ˡ
һƧɽ֮УƷ趯еĳ֮вϱһƥһĹâ˺ѣͱһԴԶԶȥΪֲ
ʩչһ׹ʱ򣬷·Ƿħһ㣬֮ȴޱȵ侲Ƿħ߰塣
Ĳ裡
ȻޱȵĿ񱩣ȴޱȵһ׷ħϣҲߵ
ʱƷʱ޿̲ڷΪ嶼Ŀսϣʱ˲ߣЩɢҲͬʼźҩ԰ȥ
ȻûųƷƷҲȫȫЩԭѾﵽ¯ĵزķħڿ˳뻯ĵز
Ѿܹħ⾳ʩչ˳һʩչ·һǴ߸һ㣬ʩչ״ħ˺ѿһǿС
ķħһ¥սԸһ¥۷֮УԺɨҲη塣
ǽҺͻƼֱ֮ӶúͬƷһͬ𣬷Ҳûʲôµġ
ʱ䵽ˣҲʱȥˣ
־ڱصã
˳֮󣬳ƷһԽƷһ㣬ԶӶȥֱǷɳһ㡣
Ʒڽӽ˺ҩ԰ʱͻȻһɼΪļµĸо͵һͷͿԶһ޴ޱȵĢƻڶǴĿֲͬڱһУһ˿һ۾ͻᱻֱϹ
ƷҲֱֹâæת˻ʼۼ˫ֲۣʵĸоɢ
涼΢΢ֺͷţҲֹһöڱը
ԶԶľܹʮö˵ͷֱһֱӴЩֱӷռ䣬ռ½д˵Ƿʤ
ʮöĺ˵Ŀһ޴ޱȵĴ˺ҩ԰ģܹԶԶĿһޱȵĴ
ţƷͿһ޴ޱȵĴΧһ޴ޱȵĽ罫ҩ԰УǺ˵ҲʼӲӡ
䣡
䣡
䣡
ֿµıըϯ˺ͻص˺ѿһУԭǿޱȵĽ磬øô춼޲ߵĽȻЩ˵ĺ֮£һһˡ
ƷԶԶţޱȵ𺳣Ŀǰʵ˵ǲܿﵼĺ˵
ֵֻս˵Ҳ㹻вһ۷˵ǲ˼ģΪˣͲвǿ϶ˡ
ǿִɱܹѹ˷ǿУҲãʥҲãҲãҹֵ
һ˵ϴֱӽΧĽõˣɢĿನֱɨսʮö˵һ𱬷㱻絲ס˺ܴһ֣ʣµһ֣ͬǿĿ¡
һԭǿޱȵĶֱӾͱ˵ը˺ѵˣݻ쾳ĸֱˡ
ƷķǱֱʧˣսҲɨƣһпȥҼˡ
һ㶼֮ǰݣø޲ߣĿֲڣɱ
ȻⲢ˵ڵǰĳŴҪǿĶ࣬Ϊ˵ѾڹȽϸߵĴɱˣһսδֻ꣬ڶѡ
սּĺ˵ϴֻ»κβ֮ǰ˶ʵʵѾͨ˵ʱҲѾû˻ˡ
һߣվֻϣ֮ǰĺ˵ϴؾ㹻һս׻Ϊˡ
֮У˵ϴѾˣϴȥҩԶһǲͰ׸һ
ɱ
ΧĸǱ֮ǰΪ˶ܺ˴Զȫֱӳ˽ȥҩ֮лǿҵĺ˷ģ˵Ҳôɢɾ
ּĺ˷Щ˵Ѿʲôˡ
Ƿ׷׳˽ȥһΣҲûҩΧĽ赲ǰˡ
Ҹĸֺɢ޸ǵض׷ˣ̫ˣȻͨĸ־ô㣬˶һ
ȻܿǾͷ֣Լ̫Сһսˣ⵽ּĺ˵ϴأȻ֦ϵַ׷׸˳סЩֵȥ·
ҩ֮еĺĵشܹ˿ͨҩݵĵطҲսΪܵĵطݻʵ̫ǿˣȻ۷弶ĸء
ʱӰӱнҵһ·ŽҵǸ泯ķӶȥ
Ҳչֳ˾˵ʵһ·սǿĸ֣赲סһ
ЩǿĸأأصΪɱǰһ
ֱһնȥһͿնɱһصĸֲ֣ܵޱߡ
ͨ۷ĸֺʲô
ο߻཭ҵĸֵĻӣĶҪˣҲһҪᵽ
Ǹ˭ҴϽ涼ҪΪ
ˣǸ߲ǽĵܵܣս˻ѾȥôôţϳǸߵݣȻǽĵܵܡ
ںΪͨĸ֣ܵܿɲͨĸ֡
϶ʲôطŹӲ˽գ˵Ĵ˵ȻǿޱȣܵҲͬžޣ˵ɾͨĻø˽棬ֵԽԽ٣˵Ѿˣȴּˣ˼ʶ㣬²⵽˲ֵࡣ
ڽҽս֮󣬺ͬһɧһƱĺĸֻһӰɱ˽ȥһһµӺ;мƣһ˷컭ꪣɱ˽ȥ赲ˣֱһꪻն
սݻĸֶǳŴ֮ȥĶ֣Ǵʱ޷赲·
ܿ죬һͷͷǿޱȵĺ޾赲ǰǰʧ֮ʬ屻֮ݻĸ֡
Ӹû˿ݣ᷽컭ɱһ·
һߣκָǻκ۵Ĵ󲮳ս·ǼΪҪĴҩķȥ
κһƱκҵĸһߺɨЩսݻĸ֣һ߽Щɢ޸֣ĸ赲ס
һΪǿܵȻѾһ۷֮С
ʹ죡
κ۹ЦպǸ˵Ľףڿּսϣֻ۷ĸַܹ۳޵С
Ҳûע⵽ʱսΧһӰѾȻ֣һս֮С


815 ս
ȻսݻĸѾнڱĹ̵б˵ˣǻд󼸰ٵĸսս֮Ű
࣬ĸִսһ
սʮֲңÿʱÿ̶иֱսݻĶָɱҲսݻĸֱĸָնɱ
սҳһˣûע⵽սıԵشֶһӰ
˲ǱˣǳƷ
սԵһϣƷԶԶսʱѾһƬңһƬ֮Уڲϵͻϵͼս
ս·һС͵Ľ֮УһһĴҩогƷͿõ
˵񣬶һµĸǣͷ
֣ʵ֮ǿһ۷廹ҪµĶ࣬սݻصĸ֣ǵǰǲһ
Ʒһɱս֮Уս
ϵģм֦Ѿն˼µ쾳ĸ֣ؼĸ֡
ЩʩչѧԶѧȻչǻڳŴҲչԼɫѧ
Ժ׾ܹóǲִѧ
ЩȥѾ֪ˣڻһսս顣
أ
ƷһһϵĸˣʱһѪȻľͷѣѾˡ
Щս֣ǼĹ򣬾ѾƷɨһգ̾ͳսķӶȥ
Ʒȫֱײǰ˭ֻҪͼ赲ǰĽŲֱһɨɳȥԳƷڵʵжǿȻӹɣһɨɳȥ㲻ҲҪܵشûбĿܡ
Ǹ쵰
Զ忴սϳƷһԭҲƴҪսķΧ֮ڣһΣǽҲûһܹǽ潭սܹסŵ
Ѱ۷ĸֿǿ󣬵ȴûǿͻЩսݻսʵҲСͬ۷弶Ĵڡ
һ֮Ͼͻս˹ǺܿУʱڸ޷ͻƹȥֻĿɨ
Ҳ޼ʵǾȱܹһеĶ֡
ټϣңκңк赲ҲǴ粽У赲⡣
ڴʱͿ˳ƷӰǳ˼ۺ졣
뵽֮ǰΪƷֶ飬ճЦеŭҲƲסˡ
ǳƷҲˣ
еŭһӱ˳һϣҪ
Ȼ֮ǰƷɱ˽ȴģʱ߿һ۷ĸֶûУȻʱ߿ɲֹһ۷ĸ֣Ʒ㳤ͷҲҪûбĿܡ
Ƽҵĸַ׷׿˳Ʒ˹ȥ
ôĶֱսңκңкЩֿˣһ۹ⶼˣ׷׳ųƷ˹
˿Ŷˣߴʦǵ˶ˣЩһһĳһȻھȻԭҪóƷ֮أҪᰡ
ԶҸر֮УԶԶһ۳ƷӰֻһӰƺеѣҲû̫ϣָųҵΪɱһѪ·ҩ֮пɲֻܹͻƵͨĴҩҲвܹͻƵ۷壬ͷȫǱĴҩ
ĴҩǲָˣǳҲûӦĴЩȥᣬѰ·
ƷͬʱҲЩ˷˹ֻЦһȵ
ûбܿЩ˹ĸ֣෴ģֱӳɱȥ
õ
ʱѾһȷ
Ľ
еĳһ̳âɨգֱͳųƷ˹ȥ

ƷסЦȫȫ˳ԶԶѰ۷徳ͷ˳Ѿˣȫͷš
أ
Ʒһ˦־ͽɨĽâķ飬ţһ˸
ֻǰһȻͿ˳Ʒ֪ʲôʱ򣬾ȻѾ嵽ǰ
ħ
Ʒг趯Ŀ缸һ˲γ˾޴
ܹزɫѾˣһͳƷֵʱ򣬳ƷûôǿȻǸʱ˾ѾκβóƷˣǾȻûôǿ
Ժ֮жʱһֿԣƷѾյˣΨֿܣһвܹ˵ͨˡ
֮иʹޣƷ˱Ӧ
ѾΪʲôȻڳƷҵֶԮˡ
ȻʱѾ̫ˣƷһɨĿ磬Ҫ˺ѳ롣
ֻü̧һ赲һ˲䣬һը˿еĳȻһһı˿
һӣһȥƲ䵽ؿڡ
أ
޴ĺһӱ˳ʱͬڵһ㳯ź󷽵˳ȥǿֲ˳ȻһĻƼҸָײ˳ȥ
˹˵ϣȻһ˲䶼ûϢһһɨؿֱӺɱһһɾɱ
սһӰһЩɢޣ·ǿһһĿųƷȻ֮ǰǶѾ֪ƷǿҲڸ֮»ܹʵ
ȻڳƷǿƣҲԳԽǵޡ
һѣһأһصĸ־Ȼˡ
̫ˣ
Ʒ˳ƽ˵·ɱĲǻƼҵֻһͨ·ӱѡ
˵֮ǰ廹ܶһЩвĻôڶڳƷ˵Ҳǵжѡ
սϵס
Ʒһһսķȥ˵
֪ΪʲôֻǺܼ򵥵ĸ֣ҲǷǳƽڳƷĿ˵ȴ
ˣ
ƼҵĸֶҪ÷ˣǵƤӵ£ƷȻǻƼҵӱһɱˣͲǷ
ˣ˭㶼ˣļˣѣͳͳҪ
һƼҵĸַŭ˵˫Ŀͨ죬޲ýƷһڸˡ
Ʒ䵭ƲһۣȻһץ˳ȥȻǸƼҵĸ־͸оһɿֲϯ޷ֵľͱһյ˳Ʒϡ
أ
ȻݺݱƷӵ˵ϣֻȫĹͷɢˣͼʱͱƷһźݺ̤ϡ
䣡
涼ѿˣƼҸֵ屻Ƚ֮С
ڻҪɱȫң
Ʒ䵭Ƶħһ


816 һ۷壬һʮ
ǸƼҵĸѾ޷ˣѾһ֮УعѾƷȵķ飬ֱӱˡ
˶סˣ˵һӾͱɵˣЩɢޣƷǸƼҵĸֲֲ֣ǸƼҵĸֺôҲϵΪ
ȻԳƷʱȴûһ˿һֱֵǿĹ˳ƷϣȻһŲ
ƷжôµĹֱѾˡ
ٿƷʱԺ֮ѾɱڳһͷǾսףûܹ赲
ǿƷĿ⣬·ڿһһ߶εĸ֣ڳƷǰֱûʲôֱ˵ɱʹɱˣʵ̫ˡ

ƼҵĸǷ׷׶оҪˣֱƷɱһˡ
ʱҵģκҵģкҲѾΧ˹ϰˣ߶ϵΪܶ඼أ۷Ϊ
Ǹ֮еľӢͶһܹȵġ

ƷǰǾ仰ǽĸ֣ͱ֮ǰҪֲһǧһ򱶡
Ϊɲǿտڰвʵģողգ֮ͺɱ߶εĸ֣ҲóƷΪеĹ
һϣҾͲţͨĸ֣ȻҪޣҪݣţ
һƼ۷ĸŭһ˵
ǶڻƼҵƣƫƫȴûӦӵơ
ҵĸ໥һۣ˱˴е˼Ʒвʵ̫ˣƿֲޱߣһ۷ĸֻ֣¶Ķ֡
ڱȻҪֲпܿ⡣
⼸ҵĸϾ˾ˣһӱˣʮ۷ĸŰΧųƷ˹
ĸ·Ҳϰֳ棬ݣһ޹Ƕֱӱɢķ顣
ǵһγ˿µԶԶģЩɢ޶Ŀɿڴ
ϰ߶εĸֳֵ̫ˣҪ㸲һһֱǷ֮ѣûκѶȡ
ӵݣһͨĸҲδûһ֮ԳƷ
ܹסô
֪ʲô˵֮оȻ˼ΣƷܹ漣Ļɻս漣
˶ôƷЦһѾϰŰΧ֮ս۷ĸͲ֪ɱ˶ˡ
η壡
һս־ڱصã˭··һ
еĳ趯ͷŵ󣬼ڵıõ
趯֮Уһ޴ڷٳֿͣµӹ˵ҲóжôĿֲ
󹦣ʱƷת˼£
ҵʮ۷ĸѾȷ˳Ʒ־Ŀֲ磬ɫˡ
ҿѵǹô
Ǵʱŷ֣ԭ֮ǰȻǳƷļޣʱƷʵȴ֮ǰҪµĶˡ
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˷׷ױһԼΪֲսϾѧ׷ױ˳ЩĸҲ⣬ȻǺ壬ǻ֮󣬶ѧϰѧҪΪǿᣬֻǿ
ʮǿҵĹâ˺һУֱӳųƷϯκһ֮ǰĻҪǿ̫ˡ
廹δǱͷŵޣԭЩ˲ͬѾԽԭļޡ
ʮһɿµĿ񳱣˺һС
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817 һν޵
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ȻǷ׷תȥȴһӰһںڳһ·ɢҲãսݻĸսҲãǳƷһ֮С
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˶ЩʵһĴڷͷߴʦϡ
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κҵĸκɽ˵ͷȺ;񱬷ս֮ļƻǲģʡıƷ̵
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һƽȺħղǻ˿¿񳱵ľһֱӱķ顣

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ʱЩڷӦ˹׷׳ųƷ;ķ˹ȥ
ʱôüƷѾһɱ˾ɾű䱬ߵٶȣֱӳɱ˾ǰ
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һһѪ˳һ˲䣬ͷѾһ룬ʣµĲҲûҰɫ
һ˲䣬Ѿȥ˴룬ȫеϵķ컭ϣһɵķ컭ꪱ˾˵Ĺâ֮ǰҪǿ̫ˡ
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ܣ
ȫţԼĹȻ˼򵥵ľͱƷˡ
ȻʶΣգѾˣƷһֻֻһץסĲ
ųƷȻһץءһĲͱƷŤˡ
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ԴӳƷǵʵ̫ˣǸһһδεĵ߸˹
Ȼ֮ǰе𺳼ûʱ𺳡
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ƷҲ򣬶սγɵս󣬳嵽ս棬еںڳɨ
ֱɨ˼Сͽ磬һһֻ֣Ȼͽ⼸Сͽ֮еҩĸֱץС
ҲʲôҩģץɽͼĿռ֮˵
ʱС³ٶԽԽ죬һҪûƷˣС³γɵĿֲὫһһͳͳˮȥ
ƷʱڶˣҲԥֱɽͼĿռ֮С
ϣһ޴ޱȵнһжˮУߵĺҲһС
ԶѵɫѿĿǸ޴ޱȵС
Ҫߵļʱֻ֮أʵϻвߵĸֱ˺УֻҲ׶༪ˡ
֮ϣЩ־ۼһɢǿϢǺҲٹʳ
Ǹߴʦ˰ɣ
϶ˣҸղһֱڿûӳû뵽ǿĸ֣Ȼֵط
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̫ϧˣȻ̰ģ
ԶԶţȷ˳ƷӦûӳ֮Ųɵø̾˵
һʱ䣬۷׷ס
һκҩ԰֮ҲĻ


821 ҩˣ
ҩ԰޾УӰһκҩ԰֮ķ籩񳱣ŲǸոտʼ
Ȼҩ԰ϸвٵջҩĶѵһļΪҩġ
ϾͬҰҩģһƬҩ԰֮ϵҩģ϶Ǿѡģ϶Ҫġ
ɢޣǸֻҪǰ˺ҩ԰вٵջܹ޾֮еĺҩ԰֤ʵ඼ôһС˵Ĵڡ
ʣЩ֮ʵһС˵һ£Ҳв١
ĵ̺ʵҲһһεżķֺ̽вϵǿġ
綼ڵģȴΪǸߵˣߴʦ
ֵʱ򣬾һţûܹ֪ʲôͷʲôĸš
ôһ൱ںճˣȴڳ뺣ҩ԰ʱ򣬾ֳ顣
Ȼ֮۸ֶεߴʦƺʧȥãûκô
ߴʦĳּǲϵ߸֪һ̡
ʲôȻǰƺ޹ؽҪС˵ɱҲɱˡ

һʮ۷壬һսɱ벽ͨĸ֡
һսϵ˵һ㣬Ǹõġ
̫ˣߴʦʲôͷ
ֳʵֱӶú˵ҵпܽסɣ
ˣҲֲе̰ĻֻҪһص֮ڣͱȻӭҷı
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Ϊڶأ۷徳Ķĸֵʧøʹļס
͸˵սκɽ⼸벽ͨĿֲˡ
Щ˵ľѾĳЩ۷ܹᲢ۵ˡ
漰ĽңƼңκң޾һ壬һұûͨĸǵŭԽ
֮ͬǰĳƷǰ㣬ΪƷζú˵Ҳϧ
ӭһǣߴʦչֳʵҲ˿
Ƕú˵ͨĸԳ֣ĻѶɸԵв
Ȼǣ޹ҵߴʦ˵ֿܸ޼ɵ
û˾ǸߴʦǸҵĶ֣Ǻܶ˾ߴʦûбҪԿҲû֪˭
ȻյĽȴ˶û뵽ģۿſҪκ˵ߴʦȻ˺ҩ԰֮ϡ
Ŀ֮£û˿ӳϵҲһֱڶţҵһֱҹûٿӳ
˵ƷǴˮѣǾ͸ˣΪˮѾܼ˿ֲĵزҪֹĵط
ܹˮжȫˣͨǿߣƷչֳʵȻǿȴҲδǸΡ
кϽƷ϶Ѿˣ˺ˣɱôຣĸ֣ں޵ĿУҲ⵽˱Ӧˡ
Դˣ˶Ĭˣһֱּһһ㣬ɨգֵĿ죬ʧҲ졣
꼻һҲˡ
ھ̾ҲͲˣϾ²ϣҲֻһѡ
ǸߴʦȻ׵ľ伣ˣؼѾˣ˼֮ѾȷӦѾˡ
ܿ죬ƷߴʦĲҲͳʧˡ
ַʱ򣬳ƷɽͼĿռ̵֮һεջ
ǰǼ걻ץסļҩ
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֮⣬Ʒץҩֻ»ϲֲҩ
Ʒ̵ʱҲɵþΪֲҩֱʵġ
ָıʵĲҩ
һΪ״һ׵һ㣬ΪѤڳŴУҲΪģ˻Ҫ̷ȥܹıʣһΪʣܹƿ
Ϊǿļ֮һõˣزۣܹɳΪһĸ֡
ֻҩݼΪ˵ʮϰҲδܹҵõһҲ֪ǸӣȻԼҵҩ԰֮С
˲õĻԵȵˣֱһǴδǰ;ֱ
һֲҩǣҲͬΪǳƷеʵļ䣬Ҳ޷ϳ֪Ŵ֮УһɻʱǷ֮壬һʰΪǿߡ
ЩҲֻе˵ּĸֲܹ֪ء
׬ˣ
Ʒҩɵôϲ˵ҩҪҪ
ڳŴ֮УָıʵĴҩҲǷǳġ
һ˵ѰѰʣҲһЩʣʣЩӵд֮Ѱ˿첻֪ٱѰΪǵЩ̹;
Щ˾ν֮ӣٶܽ˸
Щսǿ£֮ͬУѷ֣ԽǿҲûС
бʵʵ̫ˣǷëǣ֮⣬ЩһЩĵرҲõӦĸı䡣
ֻ֣Եͬѵãһ˵õˣΪŵصĶδǰ;
оƳƷĻʼսĹܹ˵һһĸıΪ׵ʣʼսеٮٮߡ
Ŵеߣ඼ˣȻһЩѪϻ˲õͷޣ޵ѪЩҲͬ
ҲΪʲôƷ˿ϲˣֱ˲õһҩóȥǶǼֵǣɹı
ȡһ꣬˲õĻοһõҩ
Ҳðһˣ
ƷЦ˵
ɵЦʲôأ
ƷĶ˻ڱչ֮е˼ꡣ
Ƿˣ
Ʒһѱס˼˷ܵ˵
˼һͨ죬ƷƿֵĿųƷ


822 һ£
ջܴô˼꿴Ʒ˵
ҩܿóԲȴ֪ôϾǳƷеʵļ䣬ѾѰƥеˡ
ԣǳ󣡡
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ڸղţѾ˾ˣ˼£ҲǸʺŮӵģǸɻҲŮ֮ȴ֮ϣһδ档
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ڱ˵ǵһľ϶˵ȴʲô
һ˼ͨľ磬һϯ֮أҲɳΪİ֡
УѾ˼ԼŮˣ·ϵĵ£պԽԽԶ£˼ƷᲢۡ
תͲͬˣ
˳ƷĽ֮˼Ҳּһ˫ˮһ㿴ųƷȻδͳƷ˵ûнǡ
͵ǸȫλƽӹʶĳƷͬڵ̫ҫˣδֻҫۡ
ȴһ޷ϵĸоŬֻΪһܹ硣
һϾϾ»ȪҲ»Ȫ
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˼Ҳǵһֲ֪ҩʣⷽоǳԵĺܣĻҲὫͨ統ѹˡ
ƼĴҲûô˵ִν츳ֱʱֱֵһᡣ
ųƷжϡ
ͻƵͨľ磬Ƽ˭ܵؼ֮·ƷһЦ˵Ƽʧȥ棬ûһͨĸ򣬴Ҫ˴λơ
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ĸҲûãһͨǿȣһĸʲô
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˳뵽أսһٳͨľ磬ѰͨĸֶĶ֡
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Ʒ㣬Ҫ취Իһźãʣһöͨ޵ڵõİ취֮໥ڵͻǷǳİ취
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ҲҪȵƷ֮ſԵġ
뵽ûκԥֱ£ߣСΪɽͼĿռ֮УƷӦǾ԰ȫģȴҲԶʼΪƷ
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ʱڻʼսȴԶӿ˳һ֮һȻʼųƷ֮С
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ԭĻʼս֮ȴʼһ֮ȫͬʾȻںϵһ
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ָоޱʹ࣬ȴҲޱȵܣΪܹоԼٱĸǿˣͻʼսں̺֮֮ǰֻǻʼսʱҪǿܶࡣ
Ǽʼս֮жûм¼ûо£ֻƾԼһһ㽫һ֮ʼս֮С
ϸ˱仯һЩһ
ڴʱԺ֮һöȻһ߲ʵĹâס˳Ʒʶ֮С
Ʒֻǰδеһǰ˵·ܹ͸ı濴εķչһ㡣
ָо·һ˲䣬ͱ˴˵еһ㣬һ־ӸµĽǶȸؼһС
ԭ˵Ҫںʼǲܵ񣬵ڣ·һǰϢǰʶϢܹҳںʵİ취
һһƽһһĳɹ
޾֮ÿһϸ֮С
֮󣬳Ʒ۾ʱ֮м˳ܣԼԼǿĵ˸
ڳɹˣ˻ʼս֮С
΢˹Щȫڣһ㶼
Ʒһʱ䣬Ȼһµʱ䡣


823 ͻƣأսǣ
һµʱڽȫɣƷһ·ǻʼսҲûмعȫµʡ
״̬ƷҲ֪νͣӦ˵ڻʼսĻϣ
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֮Уʱ޿̶ϸ΢ĵڴ̼ٽһεķͻ䡣
һδ֪ģȴȷǿķɱ䡣
ʱˣ
Ʒܵǿڷڡ
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Ǹʱ򣬳ƷʵֽһԵķԾڣƷҲ˵ǰ״̬ǿһ
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ڳŴ֮УЩ츳ʵˣһһǿ󣬱ԭ
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ֱɢÿһϸ֮УƷ·ܹоϾȻʼҡ·һڰ˺صϡ
־ҵʹ·Ǵ˺ѿһ㣬ϵĵԽԽأһ֡

һߣ˼Ҳʵת䣬塣
ʾΪʱǷ·֮䷲Ůһ㣬ֿԡ
η·һ࣬Щؼǿһ㡣
ٿƷϵĵʱ򣬾֪ƷͻƵУҲǸոʵת䣬ոʵת䣬͸ܵеĺôˡ
ѹֳƷ˵֮Ҫֻͨһ۵ˡ
ܹоڵľԭҵܹ֮ҲԭҪĶˣʱֻоڿյģԭʱȻ޷ȫԭֻͻһ󾳽ܹеĸо
оԼʶȻһ˺ܶ࣬ȻԭҲܹоԵ
ԭе벻׵⣬ڼֻҪһ뵽ܹףһĿ
ⲻֻˣεԾǨ
ȵ۷壬Ѱ۷ǰһ֮ͬеߣԭоҪͻƵֱͨǷǳ飬֮ƾͨȴоֻҪ۹ˣȻȻܹ硣
屾;߱˼ֻûеõȫͷŶѡ
һȷϳƷûֿ֮ʼ˱չ״̬Ҫһس뵽۷֮Уת֮ٶȺ֮ǰ췭ظһı仯
Ʒһ̶ûֹֻͣонڷԭٶȾѾԶˣĸоٶȻҪһ
һһ㣬һһ졣
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γһȦ׵籩һ㣬ãһȦ׵籩ȫʧΣȫս֮С
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֮ǰĵʦԴֱʧ˰ꡣ
˼꣬˼һɫĹâתĴԲͻƵ۷Ҳֻһ֮ңˡ
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ƷͳɽͼĿռ䣬޾֮УԭǺҩ԰֮أںҩ԰ѾʧԿκˡ
ƷֱӳŴ½ķӶȥֱһȫ֮ɵĳ
Ҳ֮õһͨ쾳ǲ߱еͿҲ㡣
һֱӾ߱˷е

Ʒһ³򣬶ʱ֮ڣһ˲ͻȥϰףܿƷѾϰˣе״̬
һСʱ֮󣬳ƷѾؽ½ĺߣϴһ죬ڲһСʱѾɹ˴󺣣ٶ֪
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ЧȷʵҲˣֱһߣ
ƷЩͨĸֶܷڰУûӦֶΣпֵͨսҲᱻ˷ŷݷŵ
˴½֮֮󣬳Ʒ˵ע⣬Сʱ֮󣬳ƷѾһĳ֮С
Ȼ˻Ʊֱӳǰլڸĸڳլ֮УöûϵƷҲޱȵĹ
˴֮󣬳Ʒпղ鿴˸նˣ·诲Ϸʼ֮⣬иߺ־ÿһʱͷһʼǸųƷÿһʱͻᷢʼһߡ
֮⣬иĸҲ·ǱߵõԼδϢֻǷһʼ޵ѯһ±ץƷδĺۼ
ﲻ࣬ǳƷܹóмĹģвɵһᣬۿ΢΢ʪ£ʲôʱֻаǲġ
һˣ


824 һȫµʱ
УƷдŶԼ˵˼鿴еĸնϵһЩϢ
һʧµʱ䣬µʱҲ㹻ˡ
µʱ㹻ǰɵĺ䶯ҲѾʧˣϣ϶Ѿûˡ
ڣΪȵĻ⣬ȴʥؽ١
ͰǰڵͬʥظŴϢҲֵͬķзġ
϶ַˣڣͳ䲻֪Σǰʱʥص˵ǺǻȲ֪
Ǻܿ죬Ʒͷˣı·һֻڲϵƶķ͡
ʥǳŴʱ򣬶ʥ֮жԴڵڵģķչڳŴķ֣ʥظŵļ룬ܹϵĽչ
רҳĴӭȫһֵıʽչչ϶ܹݼȫġ
ϣҲǷֳɣһŽʥظţһųʥظš
ѾΪΪȵĻ⡣
Ʒ˸ֻۣǲסЦЩרҹĴʽķչҲδ̫뵱ȻˣʥظŷǳСȻΪյʥ̺֮Ȼܹӭһֵķչ
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֮ǰʥص·ܹԹԺһҪĸо
ƷͻɣͳʧĵʦΧ䲻䱳ʥڲ֡
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ƷҲͬ˵ĳ˵ǿ󣬳֮⣬޿ƥС
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ܿ˳³֮ѡһŮʦʦҲѧ֮У֪ĵʦ̳ѧ
ոտ۷壬ΪѧһС鵼ʦ֮еһҲ֦ĵʦõһ
ԳĳɺܿҲʹӦڳһ֮УкüҪŶԷС
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ʱ򣬳һ缲һĹųƷ˹
ƷվŶҲûֻǲϵ̧֣ɵľͽ¹Ƹסˡ
һ֮󣬳ͣȻ˱С죬˵û˼Ǵ򲻶㣡
ĹңƷɵùЦèĹ򣬱һԶأ
ŲèĹأʦ˵ˣڵΪҪϸ߿״ԪҲϣأ治˵
⵹ǣƷ˵ͷȻ糱һĹƱƷɽչֲǳƷȴóΪҲѾ˺صľ硣
Ҫ֪߿ûйȵ֮߿״ԪսʱԳĽٶȣҲûпܡ
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һһǿҲǷǳձܾԵĲˡ
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֪߿״ԪҲûʲôһĸ߿״ԪԶˣ
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ˣȻ˵պƷҲˣÿԶȥ⹫ʮˣĳɿ˵


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⹫Ʒ룬Ժ֮Уûй⹫һҵļ䣬ֻǵСʱôˣҲᱻһ١
Ϊ˲ᣬԶⷽ⣬ȻЩ֣ǼȻĸײ˵ҲͲˡ
ģˣȻĸû˵ǶҲܹµһЩ
ΪСǼֻи׷ݣĸǱߵݾȻֻСʱС̼Ρ
ֲɵȻҲܹµóû̫ϣĸȻԸҲͲˣͽĸġ
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תҲǰͻȻһزۿžҪ徣ʱڻ֪ͨܿǰĸһ档
˭֪˹ѾõŮ̫̫֮ȻһӳŹȥˣ޵ķϣϿŮؼ߶
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ĳɰڳһҪӣκǳƷǳ涼ôֻЦš
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ǸʱڳĵλѾȫ֮ǰˡ
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ȻЩصĺܺãƷǰֱͬһյյ޴ĵһԼܡ
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֮ǰͬ˵֮ǰƷֻһȽǱĺĻôڣƷԺƽƽˡ
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˸ҽڳʵʤĹģ޼ٹЩ꣬лҳ˳֮ĵһˡ
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Ʒҡҡͷ漴һת˵룬ͨ綷һǿԵģ
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ǻδͨȴԺͨĸֶһֱҪ߸ˡ


828 ˳ˣΪҲ
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ʵѾʱ䣬µǣͨĸεԾǨ쾳֣ڴĽ׶ܹᲢ۵ġ
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֣Ǹ˵һ޴ľӣںˣкͨĸһս֮ǳ˵ֶһƣ
˵ҲɵЦ˳ʱÿ쵣ģڣڿԷˡ
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ҲӦðһŮӣʵΣƷɵɻ˵˼ĵĸһĸٴʵҲܹƼҷԵһܰɣһٽƼµšһ֮ǰҲûܹ顣
ĪнҲƷԺ֮һ˵
ȻأǸƼǱ߰̽ӻرϢӦнҵĲ룬һҹͻȻðĸ֣вǽҵĸ֣һЩʱ鲻ǵҲÿˣ϶Ƿɻڵĸ֣˵ЩƼҸ߲ʵҲôɾͱһܣǹؼǵʱһͨĸ֣ѹЩֵһз
棿Ʒʵ

ҡҡͷ˵ʱ֪ҲˣܾܿǸɻڵĸȻһˣԲŻǸʱ巢ѣȻ׼Ƽð˴֮һȻַʽ˲ٿأֱЦ
ƷЩĬȻҲûһֵı׶ڣȻ˵˵ͨĸ֣Ǻ˵ʹãʹҲ֣Ȼͨĸ־Ͳͬˡ
ûͨĸ򣬲Żᱻ˳룬Ƽ滹ڣ϶ϲô򵥾ͱһܡ
ЩƼҸ߲㱻һܣƼѵһ㷴ûôƷʵ
ЩƼҸֱץʣµ˲Ϊǣ򣬵վģͳͳɱһҹ֮ͷʣµ˼вҲҵ淴ˣ˵ЩƼҸ߲㲢δնɱǱѺһǶ̽鲻صĵطǵĵϵǿǵЩ˵İΣҲȻͱǸŮ˳ƼҵĴȨˣ
ǺǣǿЦڻкܶ˹ĴʵۣΪֻҪ߾ĿƼͿ̩ɽⲻ֪ʵһеĸƼٸ߾⣬ҲҪٿأ˶һˣʲô߿Ƽûôˣ
ϲס¶Ц
֮Ѿˣʲô񡯸ǣ¿ųƷ˵
ǳɲ£
Ʒ˵
ô֪²ɵþʵ
ΪҲƷ˵ǸŮƼֻ壬ǸɻڸʵѣƼ±ȻĻԹߣֻҪˣǸɻڵĸҲˣƨ˾֯
˻
µһ˳ƷֶΣʲôѹ˵ֶΣֱֱָؼڣƼĸɱˣƼȻ̾ͻվ˵һȥɱ˷ɻڸɻ߽֮̾ˣʣһܳʲô飿
˿ɲ߽ô
ڷԼԻ·ͳƷֱ֮СܵĽԼĸ߶ȿ⣬Ҳкܶ˼ɡ
ǳƷɴ䣬ֱָġ
ƻǿǣǸɻڿɲʲôѰţʵǿֻ֣ǳ֮ϣ
Щĵ˵
ǲһȫؽ粻ôƷ΢΢һЦ˵
Ҳ֪Щ˵ֻĴӵмΪֲ鱨ܵõϢ
ܺ÷ʥչֳʵжϣһʲôˣѾѹˡƷȻ£ǲҪֶ̫ʥ㹻ĸ֣ȫ˻Աߣͬһʱȫ־㹻Щ˻ȫݻ١
һ룬ʱֻ亹죬֮ǰûôΪҲҳôͨĸ֣ʥȴʵ
ҺֻǶּĸȴɱǣǵĵ̫ǿˣҪ̸ףҪɱǣͬĸֲõӦԷ
ʥرȻؽ磬ĴԪͬδ⼴ӣҪȶλͨҲѣĿǰĿƼʥرȻСΧһһĲϴ͹ɻŹһ֣һն˾ǣƷ˵


829 ģͨϣƷеĵƣ
ԽԪսڼȷٵĳŴҲǼΪѵ飬ļ
ִ˵Ŀǰڿռ似ϣһĪչռ۵豸첻˵Լһռͨˡ
ؽ֮ĿռͨҲֻάֶûа취һ󣬿ռ似һب⡣
ʥصٶƷжϳֻʥҲûа취ģĽͻصؽ磬ĺ죬죬ٵͨĸֶˣֻ¾ʥشפؽҲԶˡ
Ҳмʥҵҳңϣܹҳҽˣڻڿǣ˵
ڽңƼңɻڵˣǴ̼ʣµĳҲʼѰ˼ǲҪչȫ˺ͺˡ
ǿҲͬǳˣǵõĲȱȫĴ˵ǵĴиһЩͻͨ磬ǵһ㣬ҲΪصĵط¼˵Ŀǰ֮УҲвٵĳںǺ
Ʒ˵ͷܹ˵жջЩϣ඼۷ĴڣⱲӶûһ
ȻʥصţȴĻᣬô׷Ź
οֻѾǴҳ뵽һ˳֮Уֻеľ֧
µĵ˵
ںкͬһ֮
ƷȴȻһЦ˵ΪǶ֮ҲǴɷ򽨹ҵʱ򣬲ܱôôô࣬һͨģ
Ȼڳ˵Ǿ֮ͣڳƷ˵ĸİȫʲôҪ
ҳĺܺͻ̣ʵԽǿδİҲԽǿ
ԣ˾һҪ˵ûҪͨ磬Ǹܵġ
ҲЩ棬֪ƷҪô
һŵһöͨ޵ڵټһЩҩģкܴļһͨ
Ʒ˵ľʦԴƵͨԪ
Ҫͨľ磬Ҫľռͨİ취ƫƫĿǰȱģ֣ͨٶЩ޷ƵܴĲ
¶ʱǰһһͷ˲һɵþ㵼ʦԴͻҲйأ
֮ǰҲûгֻⷽΪǽԴĽĽҲû롣
˭һоȻͳƷйϵ
Ʒ˵ͷ˵
ǰҴֵ˵ȻϣȻʵȴûʲô˼ˡ
һŵѣΡ
ʵϣõĴģӦһϵͨģȻɲߣҲڣȫǰ·
ƷԺ֮Ҳкܶķõֶֻ֮һѣΪಹȫǰ·ʵ󱬷
ж۷ĸֻ֣ʮ֮һͨ磬ʵᱩǵʲôز
ʱôǵûѡ񹫲ͨԪĴһֻеȵ㹻Ա֮Żῼǹ顣
ûиеΪԼһĵزڲΣԼ£ٽϵĴԾ
ֻĿǰ磬ԤУ⽫һŵƣһص롣
𾪹󣬺ܿƽڡһվⲽѾڿǳƷ֮ǰ˵Ļһŵܹ˽ͨ磬֮ǰҲδš
ǲֵڹżҲмغǲųƷС
˽Դ֮ˣûôɺϡ
һöͨڵȺŶõóôò
ֻ˶֪ڵ󣬵õû٣ڵϵķչһ̽Ľ׶ΣǵҲڵѰżԼԼоͨڵ
˭óƷ붼û˵ôóƷģԳƷʵǣֻ³Գ֣˭סƷ
ȻϵĶֵǣǺһͨĸȣǲԶˡ
ܿ˾ֵһԣЩСĵʵϵĶֻҪ嵥Ƕȥ׼жٰɣ
ʮʮ
Ʒŵ˵˵֮ǰԴƵʱ̸ȫİգȴұ֤ǾоԵİܹȫƳġ
ãˣ˵Ҹұ֤Ժһȫ֧㣡
ô˵ǿóƷǰ;󣬸ǳܹסģṩƷԺܣڳƷڷɵʱҲܹջ޴ĺô
Ĳ˵ĺôô
ֻҪ˳Ʒǵ֧֣ԺҾһȶͻͨİ취ֱΪһʲô¡
Կ֮ƣ˭Ҳ赲
ȻҲǳҵһӣҵȻҲϣҺã
Ʒ˵ͷδ֮ʱҵʵԽǿ˵ҲԽ
Ǻãȥ飬ǶҲãȥɽնһͷͨҲãһ취Ūһöͨڵ
ҧ˵ЩͿֲȫ˷ܴģ뵽лͨ磬ܲ˵Ĵڣָ
Ʒ˵ͷҵʵ͵ȷʵˣĵʦҪǸպԼһöͨڵҲûͨ硣
ǳҲͬԵǵģҲƾǿʵ֮뻳С
ҵһ°ҩ嵥гͿȥ׼ˣƷԳҵʵȻõжٲۡ
Ʒллˣ
ع֮󣬳¶ԳƷһⲻǶԳƷϿɣֳ֧ƷڿȻûر
ֻҲû뵽ƷȻôܹҵͨĸ֡
лңݻ˫ӮƷЦЦ˵ôʱҸĸչˣȻңƼ֮Źǵģ
˫Ӯϲ
¹Ц
Ҳûж鼤֮£ܿʹҴҸ˳Ʒ𼱻ǵȥˡ
ڳһģҲֻпͨ顣
ųȥıӰƷЦˣҪҲҪۺʽԴҪԼͨ磬ҪҲһǸ磬δУõжҪԴгҵİһоͼ򵥵Ķˡ


830 ʩͣ
˳֮󣬳ƷϽɽͼĿռ֮У͸¶鱨˼ꡣ

˼üһžϴ˼ɱ⡣
ȻƼҵĸ鲻ر񣬵ô˵Լɳļ壬ڿƼҾȻŪڹ֮䣬Ѿ˼ɱ⡣
ҵʦǺ£ǸŮԽ㵹ʩԺҪƼҲԽף
Ʒ
ڵ֮ҪЩƼҷĸ߲㣬ѺĶȥˣҲ̽鲻ģ
ûоʲôƼʲôܱ̽ĻǻҲͲԶˡ
һȥɣ˼˵ƼЩ˺Ѳ鵽ƼҲһûеģЩ˿Σ
ðɣԼСģܲȻã鲻ˣɱǸŮҲüƷ
˼ȻһЦ˵İɣʵֻҪͨĸԳ֣˭ҲסңѰ۷ĸҲҵĶ֣ûʲôɵĵģ
ţ
Ʒ룬ҲֻҪ¶Ӧò
ȻˣǾ͵һºˣǺộƫƫƳɹ
Ʒ¶˼Цݡ
ؽ磬нɽַǷͷǰҲɳȫȨһá
ֻΪԪ˧硣
ȻﲢһԪ˧ҲȽϵ͵ǱϾΪһС֮еһĴٻ˵Ĺע
ʱɽװַǷõյա
ͬʱҲԿõϣϾԪ˧㣬Ĵȫϳ⣬ϾͻΪͷͷš
һգһһеǻɽ¡
ʱĿ⣬Ϊ˴¡ȣһ̫ˣһѼñһɫT°һЩϴ÷׵ţп㣬һ˫ɫķЬһѰĶһ
ǾΪĴ̫Ѱ̫ƽˣﷴԵе롣
ΪʱģǾϢŨأװľˣŻۣǸĹˣ֣Եе㲻ͬˡ
ȴǳƷ˭أҲһ㶼û˵Ŀ⣬ֱɽ¼Ĺؿ
̾ͱֵʿ
ʾݣ
ƷóһŴɫ̽ͷֽʵĿɲˣһ㶼ЩеĸŴ󻧲Żô
Ǹʿһ£ȷʵûʲô⣬ȻʵʲôˣҪǼһ£
ƷԪ˧
ƷʵԼݣЩʿٿƷѾˣǿֱϵǲˡ
һ£֮ǰôû˵Ԫ˧ôһأʿҪƷеʱһȺԱΧۺܾõڰͲסˡ
һȺԼĪŶʮµŮЩۣݹأͳƷִ磬ԲһϵĴڡ
УһԼĪŶʮֱ꣬ǰָųƷ˵
˭ƷƲһ꣬ǴżЦֱӿʵ
ϹĹۣϽҵĶӣϽԪ˧ཻĪ棬˵Ԫ˧Զ粻ûм㣡
ʱһʮͷǰӸµĿųƷ˵
֮дżԽС
һȺ˶ǽӵܣĳҲ˽ĸ߹ܡ
ȦȨӵȻҲ;ȦıȽ϶ࡣ
Ԫ˧ҶΣԪ˧Ҷʶôû㣿ʱǸԶֱӿ˵
ô˵ԭƷеʿҲʱƷܹоѪʱ׼֡
ܹŸԪ˧ȻǾоӢ
ֻǲܸУҪͷ֤һݣ
ǸΪ׵ξֱӿ˵
޷ȥ֤ɣ
Ʒ˵һȺĽӵܣÿһۡ
֤ʲôѵ˵ôҶûмˣ϶⣬Ż֪ĶõץʲôָʹԶָųƷ˵Ʒȫˣʱŭ
һȺȨӵΪף׵Ĺְߵģʲôʱӹ
Ʒüͷ΢ڶŭǲСһʶȻͺҲͲӣǺ򽻵ǶʲôˣһȺȨӵôᱻ
ͱˣҲڽŭ
Զ֪֪һ仰лӿڳ֪ƽϣҵǸҾͷŹ㣬Ҳס㣡
ƷЦſԶ˵
ôĵӣ
Զ˲䱻Ʒŭˡ

ԶָųƷȵ
ЩʿǿųƷֿԶûж֣ȻǾˣҲɵһƷӣҲͷʵ׼ðĿ̫Сˡ
ʱ򳯳Ʒ֣ʱùĻǡ
ҹ£
ƷһԶŭޱȵһ˲¶˾飬˫һȻһӾ͸Ʒ
Ҫȴ֣·ѹһɽһ㣬վվ
Ȼ̺ܽӣҾ̹̣ܽܽһСʱСʹ룬㸸Ҫ鷳;ҾͲˣССһϽܷƷһ˵
Ϊ˵һϽȷʵѾˣЦԪ˧ôѾѵĴڡ
ܹᲢ۵ģȡ
һȺոջզզȴһɵˣɵҲóƷˡ
ȻȨӵܣǼﲢûзɶǵḶ́ܽΪ֮ͬҲϵȣԶΪѾ˺۷壬δ֮ھл졣
ڱƷһȾ̹޷Ȼ۸ڶȴҲɵҲϹȻףߵһˡ
ֻƷͣǺǲ࣬Ȼ˵ã㲻Ԫ˧ȻҲ˲õͷ
ǿߴˡ
Զԭŭɶ˳ƷĻʱһˮ֪ǵһˡ
ʱһԼĪʮģľһ·ɽӶһѾ
壡
٣Զʱæڽе
ǸٿʱЩȻ֪ôݱ
ܿ죬ֵصξپŽˣȻϵģ˳Ʒǰ˵үС͹үСѾˣھֻһˣ
ʱЩ˳ɵˣλףƷȻ


831 һָһ
Ʒ֪˵Ǹĸã˵ͷ
ң
ʱԶæ
תͷԶ˶ûпЩפľʿΪҲǺ쾳磬һ˵ȷʵǾˡ
ʵϣȻҲֻǺ쾳ѣǶԶϣһεĽѹڵҪܡ
ֶΣ쾳ĸֶ
Ϊһ֮Ҫƣ͸ˣǿ쾳ĸ֣ҪһǸܵġ
ڵΪȻܹԶһǻĻȴ
һȥͺܿͻɢ˵ǳƷӾԶˡ
ַʵˣ
ٿƷʱѾȫһˣԪû¶үȻô򵥵顣
Ԫ˧飬֪һЩ󣬴Сع֮Ψһû¶ľүˡ
ԭΪСѾˣΪпһεĸ߿״ԪʲôĴڣһѧ֮Уֻһ˵Ĵڡ
δֻҪ⣬ȻĴ
޸ССĴСܳСһѾ޷ˣ˭֪ү˲á
֪үʮͷͣһ֣ȻѾ켶ĸ֡
ɱС𺳸Ӿˣ
ֻСү˵ıֻ֣¾㹻úܶ˲ССһˡ
ҿɾȲ㣬Ȼү͹ɣ
ֱ˵ǷֵóصģһϽǣԪ˧ȴҲʲôˡ
ԶɵˣԭָܹϾϺٵĹϵ˭֪ٸȲᡣ
үɣ
ٵ
ţ
Ʒ˵ͷ͸뿪ˡ
ǾȻԪ˧֮ǰôûмأҲû˵
ȷʵҲԪ˧ô
鷳ˣԶѵҪô
ԶϷŭȴûκΰ취Χȥ˵Ŀ⣬еŭͿҪըˡ
ƷǸɽ϶ȥɽ֮˺ܶ࣬ǼƷȻԴ죬ɵҲ¶˼ֺɫ
ȻٵĹְߣ˭֪Ԫ˧ĸ٣Ԫ˧أųȥһٲ˵ġ
үǺֶΰ
ûͷûβĿһ䡣
Ʒȴ֪ǻ֮ǰ顣
ǸһЩСʹѣ
ƷȻ˵
ٵ֮£Ʒܿ͵ɽɽǱִƼֶƽγһƬռؼΪƽأָûʵĽεض۴αȣ
ƽʱĵլԺ֮УʱҲѾУΪ֡
ٽƷһʹ֮󣬾ȸȥͨԪ˧ˡ
ʹ֮УѾ˸ɫʳȫһƻģʽĶʮʮˣŮһǳ
Ʒ˽һɳϣЩӣȻͻȻмָп·Լȥһ㡣
ȻͲ࣬⼸ƷģһӶûа취ô࣬Ķˣ͸оЩͬеˡ
⼸ĴսҲûжʱ䣬ǿԺúϢġ
ЩУһΪĿһԼĪŶʮģŮӣŮӷʤѩپ£ĸЩȨӵܵУһǺȺһĴڡ
ĴڣȫӵĿ⡣
أʱǸŮӰˣֱųƷ˹ƺЩ˵ľһ㡣
һ˫ȣֱߵ˳ƷԱߣʵԱô
ʱһɵƮ˳ƷıǼ⡣
㣡
Ʒ΢΢ʼ磬Ȼ˵
ŮҲֱӾ˳ƷԱߵɳϡ
ʱһȺһ̤˹
࣬ôˣϢһôǸ¶˼˧Цݡ
ƷеҲòЦȷʵ˧ֻЦһ׼һȫģһ׼Цݣֻܿó˲ࡣ
ҵĶú㱨ɣ
ΪŮƲһֱ꣬ӿ˵
ȷʵúһ㱨
Ц΢΢һͣ漴ŵĸӲá
һΣĿǿ˳ƷΪԼѾֵ㹻ˣ˭֪Ʒѹһûпӣᡣ
ԱߵλҲֻгƷλˣԱߵλö΢еԶˡ
λ̨һӣһλðɣŭȻ󿪿˵
λƷ˵
ʱѾˣԼѾɵˡ
ҲˬЦݶãָ߸ϵ÷ⲻˬ
µүүԪ˧˵
֮м԰ȷʵҲ԰ʸҪ֪ǶμԪ˧ٵģүүԺԪ˧ƽƽЩȨӵܵ죬֮ǰǸԶֱֵһᡣ
ԭүүԪ˧ƷƲһۣȻ󻺻˵
Цݶϣɵˣǰ仰ΪƷ֪˭֪Ʒһ
֮˸żĹâƷ϶ǲ֪ĶУžһоСӡ
ǺǣҲҵӣ
Ц˵Ѿ˺ǰº͵֮ɫ
챻ܾŭȫ˳
ҵҪмＸ
һȫȫ˳ˣȻҲһ֣ΪһԪ˧ȻξѧϰҲǾطһ뺷˵ϢΪˡ
ߵҲʱ˴ʹ֮˵ע⡣
ȻˣȻѾ쾳磡
Ǹ˿Ҫùˣкã
ǲ
һȭͬһ㣬ųƷͷ­˹ȥ
ߣ
Ʒһֻһָ˳ȥʱһҽУȭͷ赽һ룬ͻȻſſĴȥˡ
ɫҰף亹ȫѾʪ͸ˣ֮أ޷ŵ
һȭûκ֣ȻƷֻһָͷѣȻͷϵһֱۣûнӴ
쿴Ԫ˧ٵϣֻһֱСʹ룬ǾͱҲˣ
Ʒ䵭˵
ˣҿƷٿƷʱ֮Уż־塣
˵ԶƷתͷǸ˵ڿԸһĽ˰ɣ


832 ǰƺ
óǸһƣȻ˵νǱûôġ
СŮ࣬ͳ࿪˵
ƷȻȻһ֮ȻУΪͳ̫ǿƵĹϵ¼ͳʵеûдڸС
ⲢǼͳͲˣʵϣǼͳͬĶ֣Ϊͬ˺պչ͡
пܳΪĸͳ
ԭ֮󣬵ҵƣǿɲ԰ɣҪҲһĶô죬Ǻúݵģ
Ʒ˵
һ˵ȻĶ֣ţƷͬʮһҲĶ֣
ȻһЦȻһڽ˳Ʒݡ
ƷҲеĿ࣬ϾƽʱȦӺЩȨӵԲͬ˿˵֣Ҳֻ˵ѣ֪ģࡣ
һ·Ȼûϵó֤
ҲŹͳ֣ʵҪͳʲôӣǲ̫ΪƽʱҲ̫ЩϢ
ʶңƷ˵
̸ʶɣʵһѧУģҲѧģѧϵģѧѧУǿǷ֪Ҳ֣ղһȷϾʱ䲻ѧ仯ܴЩϣȷˣԳѧʵ鷳ǲѰ·ô
ѧȷʵʵǿ棡
ԭˣ
Ʒ˵ͷ
ԶƷ̸Цӣ֮в˸Ĺâҵ˵Ҳ飬Сӵʲôˣ
ղҲǽѧ㲻Ҫ⣡
࣬мƤ˵
ʦ֣Ԫ˧ʲôϵ
Ԫ˧⹫
Ʒֱ˵˵
ʱ֮һĨɫû뵽ʦ־Ȼ֮󣡡
أʱſڴһӵһҵĽŲ
˿һװ˴˽ǸŸոձƷݺݽѵһԶ
Ʒ֮ɫȻôͽµô
ȻҲûȫֻСʹѡ
һ߲ƵӣԶ˳Ʒɵÿ˵֣
˵Ŀⶼ˹ԶָˣȻǸողŴĳһͷĳƷ
ǲϽôôҲˣ˼ˣǸСӸղôţϽ϶ŹģԱߣһ
ǿʹԱߵƣͬʱųƷϴżֿ⡣
Ʒһָסˣʱǲ鷳ˣ޲óƷ⡣
֪ǸϽһƢʮֻ𱬵ˣȻһƢ𱩵ĺܶ࣬ҲǺġ
ȻֻϽȨҲС
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ԭǳԲ𣬸ղ˵Ȯӵ˳صشǸ
ϽϾȻ˼ֺõЦݣ֮дżּɵ
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ȥҿһǼٵϽ˵ƢôڶزˣƢë߰
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ܿ˻عˣϽƢֻ²٣ղžڶȻǲưոݣڶʱڴҲֻʹΪˡ
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ʵϣϽĺµĻҲͲôģڶˡ
ӺˣƷʲôܣϽųӡ
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ƤҲǺû˭ˣ
Զһ±ƣǲΥ׵ĻæƷ
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ΪڼƷһ˲䣬˳Ʒݣжʱ˾κˣ֮ǰյ鱨ƷѾô
һ֪ƷǳƷɱϽҵʱһս˶ˣټĽҾȻûܹκε
֮ʧĳƷٶȳˣһθӾˣԽңƼңκҲµ޵һλǺô򵥣ֱ¾˴֣ȻȫˣƵýҲò˺˵
Ҷ˺˵֮󣬳ϾͶ˺˵бдսͷҲʱ߲㶼ˡ
ҲһΣƷЩ߲С
Ϊ֪˳Ʒ֮̾ͰݣԼݣϽصĸ֣ţƺ塣
⼸ڳƷĸ֣۷ĶֻˣƷնɱЩ֮У󽫣Ԫ˧С
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ʱ֮ͶһˣϾѾ϶˳ƷӦѾˣȻˣȻҲûоļֵˡ
˭֪ʱ϶Ѿ˵λСүȻֳǰȻʱȥʷһЩ仯һ˲ϳˡ
·һͷҰһ㣬ʱ˺
Ȼ㶼ô˵ˣҲͲ˵ʲôˣһСʱ¾ˣ
ƷվֲЦˣԷʶ࣬ҲͷһԶ˹Ҳӭȥ
Ʒ뿪ϽʱֻһȫѹɢһѾʪ͸·ǴӹŹһȦһ㡣


833 һǲ
֣Ϊʲôң
ղֽŵķΧԶҺ˵ǿųƷ뿪ˣڸҿˡ
֮ǰƷƵĿ֮£ɽ£˵涪ˡ
ϵԼһ棬˭֪ϵԷĵһ֮ĵһӦǺݺ˦ԼһƣԼԷ¹Ǹ
ˣϵҷڿˡ
㣬һҪأ
˵Ͻһӻ𣬵һӻҺͳƷйֱһߵԶϡ
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ԶһϽ˵ϥǵӵƢСȻԼҪȥҽԺһȦˡ
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ΪڵˣԪ˧Ȼ˾ǲ˾ҲûʲôµģഩһСЬѣǸûʲô
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ң˵žʹţһϽݣʵë߰
Ͻôһ˵Զʶڣǲ˵֮ǰΪߵһ壬ѹߵһɽˡ
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Ͻ֮ǰͳƷԻʱĸоȻƷΪȴܹо·һֻǱ֮С
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ָоܻΪս϶ȥԳƷʱȴһּΣյĸоֵС
սϣֵв֪ٴΡ
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ƷΣոоԶдҪӿֲĶˡ
ԺƵߣȻҲ㣡
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Զԭе뱨С˼ҲȫˣȻⲢܹ
ǿһնɱϽɱһļһ
ʱڴʹ֮УҲЩȻΪҲû뵽ĽȻӡ
֪ƷȻҲˣƷûû뵽ǣƷȻز
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˵ƷӵҲ֪Ŀֲʵ
ʱˣƷ˵ƣΪʲôƷûкƽˣԭΪΪԼò
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ڲŷӦƷΪòŲƽϣֻĲѾ̫̫ˡ
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룬ͻȻúе㷢ëһԳƷʱȫʧЧˡ
࣬ҲŵùǺһϽҪϥˣԼô鷳Ѱ·
ʱϨ鷳ͷȻ񣬵Ҳû֪ĵز


834 һȭ
ƷȻ֪ղſǽЩ˸ŵùǺҲǶԼݲĻɡ
Ǹǰȥ⹫Ԫ˧
Ʒһֻĸֱܿӭɫÿ
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ֵλϣһһǾϢΪŨصӣԼĪʮģˡ
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ʹ˲ͬߵĹ·ߣǰѾһ֮Угδǰ;ͬ
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һ˲ţ
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˵ûˣǸʼ磬˵ҺѰ죬֮ǰź˿ºڣ²̨
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ƷʱѾˣʥضѾ͸زˣղøն磬Ѿ׷ͯյߵݣһԪ˧
ͬպӵһӵߣû뵽Ҳʼʥغˡ
Ҳ񣬽ҶѾͷɻں
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ƲԳԷƣҲģҵģǸ˵ҲѰ죡
Ǹ껰䣬ͻȻӰȻһӶˣһŹֵӡʱһǿľ籡
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С̷Ҳ֣ΪĹٵĶͬΪ졣
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ȭצཻײһǸʱ˲䵹˳ȥԱʱٶ

Ǹһҽ䵽˵ϣ˴ʱſǸ׷׵һΪǿǸȫ鴤ȫѪ罦ֱһȭƷˡ


835 һȫ
˴ʱٿƷʱѾȫˣҪ֪ʵҲǿᣬصĸַǶǸ֣û˸Сִڡ
ȴƷһȭϵˡ
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˵ǶһǿԮҲʮʵǿҪ֪ŮֳľΪѾʮ־ˡ
ܿôܹ꣬ô챻ܣʵҲгֳľ츳йϵⲢп룬֮顣
滹һģֻǵĽܶȾҪۿˡ
ǲŷ֣þûмüĵƻǸ츳˵Ů

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һȭһصĸ֣ʵжôľˣĪѾأ
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ҵʵ͵ҵϰٱϣңԼĶӶ£Ȼ֪Ʒڵʵжǿ󣬵еʵҲֻзڳƷˡ

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һ죬ƷһȺɨǣ˷׷һҽУͬߵķһ˳ȥݺ䵽˵ϣҽȫĹͷͱƷһȸɨ˷顣
˸Ǹоһ˵ʵǸ֮ϣһƷһȸɨϵˡ
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˵ǳˮ仰ûġ
ΣҶôһǿԮƮҡʮ֮Уʣһĺô

ۿѾƷɸϵˣʱŭɶҲͲʱѹֱӳųƷɱ˹
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ſ㣬ǲģ
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ȭצֲཻһ˲ͱˣûһ˿һй¶·ڽһ˶֪ӣԭǳƷֲȭһС
һƺߣˣȫƤȻѪ顣
·һѪ˶ѣ
ʱٿƷʱѾֱ֣ҪƷˣеķŭһ˲ʧ٣֪һֲĴڡ
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˲֪һȭƽ棬Ǿж
ǿһȭҽǽ֮У׷׵һһǲûܰһ۷ĸִӵģʵ̫ˡ
ðſ
ٿƷʱѾױˡ


836 Ǵ˵еĳƷ
Ԫ˧ȻƷһȭˣȭϣָоڻڵ˶һ۱ĸо
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ʱҲһѹѹֵĸоƷȫС䣬ͻȻð𾪣ڲӣƷ֮ǰѾ˾޴Ĺ͡
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ܿɵúݺһ۳ƷȻԼ趼ţҪȻԼҲᱻѵˡ
ƷҲɵ¶˿Ц顣
ʱ򣬴Χ˵֣⼸ô죿
˱˵ĺˣ¶˼˵
ȽǿѺȵ
｣ü΢˵
ЩͷͬСɣͬڳƷƷ˵ɱ˾ɱˣܲӰ죬ǺԪ˧һȫ
ߣȳȥμ磬
˵ʱٿƷʱ򣬾ôô˳ۡ
ҲʱЩ֪ҲǺǵģ
Ц˵
˵˵ͷȻ͸˳ȥںˣȻ˻ġ


837 ƽңȮ
Ԫ˧֮󣬴ﵽһ߷壬ɽټĹ㳡Ѿϰľϯ˵ţܹģǷߣǱھеĵϵҲرࡣ
Ǵʱ㳡ַǷ
û֪ڸղţҲŸովһıʣȫû
Ʒ游ĸڴ£ʱҲûжͷԸֻڸĸԼһ˾ĳԷ
Ȼˣͬ࣬壬˿ɲСʮֵ͵
ղžȫҵ
ϵĸ߲Ҳ׷ײĿǲɵܹóһʱʱľͻῴƷķҲЩ֣⵽ʲôˡ
ڲԶһž֮ϣЩĿųƷ֮ǰ֪ĳƷӦֻһͨͥŶԣȴ֪ȻԪ˧йϵ
̫С˳Ʒˡ
Զһ֮ϣǵɴһ˫۾ĿųƷû뵽ƷȻҵļˡ
ǸλӦֻҵļ˼ҲܹģԭǼɵƷʵȥ鷳ֶһɣԪ˧
ƷںһԪ˧绹Ǻġ
ƷûпһʱĺԱ˵
ƷһҲѵڼҶʱ䣬һ߼õΪһ߰ϵɻ
ĿǰΪ˵Щ֢Ͳʲô⡣
ܹص㣡
Ҳ𾪣ˮƽֱʦҪҪ֪ʦǻʵ۷ĸء
ڻЩ޷ԼĸѾ۷֮ϵĴڡ
ȴ֪ƷʵǿᣬǼ̳˵ʵļ䣬Գּ⣬Ȼˮˡ
Сһ
ԭ⣬߲⣬ֻͻȻһéٿˣƷǴӸ϶ȳĵʦҪĶˡ
ǳĵʦҲûа취һ
һƶڳԺȣʵ϶һֱųƷڽ̵棬ȻǵΪҪԶԶȳĶˣǳƷ۵㣬һéٿ⡣
һЩϵҲõӭж⡣
Ҫ֪ϵڳŴģֱӼ޽ӹģĿǰĳ̶˵Ȼһ֪Ȼ֪Ȼĵز
Ǻܶǹֱ֧ӿǹһɱˣǹ֧һ֪ˡ
ϾչŲѡ
ǳƷͬˣ˵ʵļ䣬Ǹݽ겣ӸµĽ⡣
ĽǶȺ͸߶ȣǴδģΪԪ˧Ҳžôջ
ƷҲܻǣܹ٣ǶԼıˡ
ûã˲ǰﾴƣǾƵʱ򣬶Ŀһ۳ƷƺЩ棬Ʒʲô·Ȼܹ˹Ŀ࿴
ҲһЩ˼õģǵһʱϳ˳Ʒʱ֣Ϊκһ鱨ʾƷӦѾ˲Ŷԡ
Ȼȴ￴˳ƷҿӣˣΪһֻҵԼˣ˶ûС
ܿ죬ƷûϢͿʼСģˣ˶Ѿʶˣһ֪˳Ʒûôº롣
ڵķΧ֮УһԼĪʮ˴ӹϯֱӳķӶ
˶ͣƱյ׷׽Ŀ⿴˹ȥ
ңǽıͣĪǶϳ˳Ʒɣ
ϳˣʮˣǽҵĸ֣һ٣Ҳǰ١
ϾȻ˵ȷʵʲô˵Ĵ֮һ
Ҳûκαʾ
ıͻһ±ƣƺе㲻֪ΪʲôҵͻȻ
ƷҲͣ˿ӣܹоЩˣǳġ
ϳôƷ΢΢һЦһ
ԴӴǰֵʱʼѾ˱ϳĴˡ
ڳô࣬˶֪ĳ࣬ôֻ֪Ϣסˡ
ֻû뵽һľȻô졣
࣬壬ˣӸղ֪˳Ʒʵ֮Ǿ뵽ˣܻܿ
ֻû뵽ҵ˾ȻôӣҲȲҪѣҶ֡
ҲǽüֱӿЩˣʮҵһⶼǽͷƽʱҲмϵ
Ϊ׵һˣǽĴϣͣԭĴϣѾںҩ԰ϱƷߴʦɱ
ڽѡһȫµĴϣΪҲ˿
Ϊˣܹμ硣
ʹһʮҵĸֱ֣ӽȻͷŵĵ⣬ٲµҲܹס
ҵҪʲôѵҪ˺ôȻȽȻҲʲô۸
˾˵׾ʲô
ͣҪʲôʱȿ˵
Ԫ˧ǲǳģҾһ£ƷʲôϵָųƷ˵
ʱ˶˶óţƷֻǺҹϵǳ£̬ȾһС
ҿɲѰǿһԺɨȻ
ҵ
ûԥֱ˵
Ǵ鷳Ǿ鷳
ûκãȻԭ̫ϳĳɣóĳ䲻ԼŮҲڲļ£۸ԼˣûǸز
ʵϣһƽܹߵԪ˧λϣɱȷѪܹ˵ġ
Ԫ˧Ȱúɫһ͵һûз鷳ﱳӡ
֮ǱųˣԪ˧Ǵӣ֮Ҳûддڡ
ȻͬҲҽҵĳˣݣһܹӵģ
ֱӿ˵
ЦﻹǲɣǽҵҲδ̫ˣԪ˧У
ڵһվ
Ŀܹоһ˲䣬жѴھľѻǹ׼ȫ¶һ־вĸоڶ
аˣ
棬ӴѹҺ⣬ǿĵͷϣһͻЩ˷ܲˡ
ڳƷǰķŹǰƷɱ뽭ңݣΪƵһսУȴ˳Ʒϡ
ɱ֮𲻹죡
ͬҲͬ⣬ͬҲòͬ⣬ҳҶ֣ƽңȮ


838 ɱһȭ֮
漴תͷĶס˳Ʒ
ǰƷɱĶӣʹĻҪɱƷ˭֪ƷȻ˺˵֮¡
ΪñԳƷļ֣ǳһֱԳĳɵ˱ķǳãԸûа취֡
һΣΪҴϾȻǰףأΪľǽɱĳɺܿ
ҪץһγĳɺܿĻᲢףĳɺ֪ܹܿΪҲǺúûţƽڳ֮С
ںòץᣬȻ׷Ź
˭ﻹܹĴˡ
ʱŭѾ಻ס˳
ƽңȮʱˡͣ㿴ûʵɣ
ʱҲŭһӱˣȻɵҵʵֻǽ͵Ļʧݡ
ƲԳԷƣΪڻѹһеʱôĿ
˴Һô磬̫ˣ
ʲô֮ܵ˵
ҪԪ˧ɱԼô
ʱ֮Щƽĸ߹ܶ׷׳˵
Ȼһ˳ƽȵʱ˶֪ʲô֮УҺų˶ռ̫̫ˡ
£ƽĸ߹ȻᱧȡůĻͻᱻЩҳĸ߹ٸơ
ȻҲ˵ȫƽǼҲֻһС֮ңһֱﱾ֮Ҳͷ
Ȼ˻ڹעƷ˶ڰԿʼ˳ƷݣʲôˣȻýͲϧֱӷҲҪֱӶ֡
֮ȻΪͷš
ʲôǳƷѾô
鵽˳Ʒϵ˶ѾˣϾƷ֮ǰµ飬ڻûȫನɢһ˵ǹƥɱϽңشң飬ʱ֮Уһ񻰣һ˵ûųƷܹõ
ƫƫˣȻ֮гƷӦѾ˺˵֮²Ŷԣô֮УҲֻ˳ƷֻǳҵһϵӵܳĿɽ͹ϵӦǳҲŶԣû뵽ʱ򣬾ȻǣԪ˧
Ԫ˧Ȼ٣Ҳ࣬ÿһԪ˧ӵľ޴Ӱ
һ˵ǽȻҲᾡЩ˿սЩƽĸ߹Զȡů
ʵϣ֮Уƽĸ߹ռ˹ȻܹõԴǲЩˡ
Ǵ壬ŲŶˣƽж٣ԳֵӢţԶԶЩ壬ŵˡ
ˣƽ߹֮вǴһƵ״̬˵൱ǿƣҲѹƸҵķչˡ
˵Ŀⶼ˿֮гҵĿˣЩμĳϣ߹ҲеˣΪҲ֪ƷȻţΪƷѾˣҲһŭ֮¶ú˵ˡ
һжҪ˶ΪƷѾȥ˵Ļϵġ
ͳˣҲǸҿԺвʱһϽߺ˵Ҳƽͳƽɵľ䡣
ͣȥҾ͵ʲô鶼ûзĻͱҲˣǿӲ˵
ߣ˵Ҳº˵ǰɱϽңɱҽ֣оҵĶӣ˭ұҾ˭ʹ죬һҳֹңҽҾһҲʹ죡
˶ȻԭлӵԵɣƷȻɱ˽͵ĶӣΪԼĶӱôûë
ӱʮ겻οɱ֮ʮȿɱҲ
Ǻǣ
Ʒվ˵ǽζú˵ԸңζΧ׷½أݺˣһС׷ɱҿκΣǼȻǼ֣͸ϵнգ
ƷǿӲƺҲܹõ׵ĳƷμѵĴӽҵ׷ɱѵġ
ζú˵ݣ˵ʵǶԸͨǿҲˣȴԸһǶʮꡣ
ҵĺ֪Ҳúܶ˲Щ̫һǣ֮ء
֪ƷʵǿᣬȴҲû뵽ƷȻ־Ȼü赭дĴ˶ܹжôΣա
Ϊĸ׵ܿѾ涣Ȼ֪⼸ĺΣգܼѣǳƷҲᣬֹѣƷʧȻÿһʵо޴ֺγһء
ǽҪһ죿ڻڵסôƷЦһ˵ھɱңǾԿɣ
Ʒ⡭￴ųƷֹʵˣͬģЩȷʵļѣ˵ҲԼ⹫Щʧˡ
޷⹫ԴƬ̣һȺ߹֮ˣҲʢ߹
Ʒ˵ͷο˵
˶ʱһƬȻҽҸֵ߹ȫҲͳƷһˣɱ˭Сҵĸ֡
ãããЦȻѰãһϣɱҪ⽴
һ£ʮַ׷׶ˣƷΧУ̤󷨵һţǽҸɱγɵɱʩչԿ켶ĸ֡
οЩʮ߶εĸ֣ǽ͵ĵϵӸسΪľǽɱĳɺܿΪ˱ҵĸţŴôˣȴʱô
䣡
ʮȫ˳µɱ㳡Ϸڳˣ඼ֵ֣ܹסһƣҲֻܷ׷׺ˡ
ɱÿ£ôĸ־ۼֻ۷ĸֶԿˣ
ɫ԰׵Ŀ˵Ȼ˹ֵһɱ⣬ǳĲ
Զһ˻סµˣƵסһɱơ
Ʒ
ܿɵõĵĿųеĶӣʮһͲöԸޱȵĵġ
ɱ
ʮּ屬ˣȫڶ𣬰޾ɱ⣬Ȼ۳һھ޴ޱȵĴ󵶡
ɱĵ⣬һ˵ĵγɲֹģģʮȴԡ
䣡
һڵֱӺնƬնն롣
Сѧ
Ʒ˵һɲǼ䣬ͶˣֻǼ򵥵ƽƽһȭ
䣡
һȭֱӭһڵϣһӣ˵ϣƷ򵥵һȭȻֱӾͽһڳ˷顣
Щҵĸߵķһ㣬˳ȥ׷ѪѪ


839 ҵĿ
ֻһȭѣƽƽûʲô̫ӣ߶ܹһȭ
Ǿô򵥵һȭȴֱƿʮ߶θɵɱųƣ۷ĸֶܹɱ
ֻһȭѣ
ˣɵõһ˷׷׺ݺգһ۾·Ǵ򿪵ķʽԣŻῴ˼Ľ
ѵҵѧĲ
˲ɵó˵
ǸȴףҪ˵ҵѧôܣҲôܹΪİ˴ҡ
λÿɲ˵Ͼܹϵģεɱ֮ʤ̭Ľ
ҵѧܲɱ£նɱǿУҲ۷弶ĸ֡
ôǳڳƷˡ
ʱٿƷʱѾױˡ
ǳƷƽƽһȭԼΪȷʵ㹻ˣɱϽңɱһ췭ظԲֻǺܶ˲²ӣֻΪ˸ʦܹȫ˵ġ
ȻٶȿЩɳȥĽҸֵʱ򣬶׷׵һΪǷЩɳȥĽҸֻ֣Ǳɳȥô򵥡
ˣֱˣ
ȫһȭѣʮ߶εĸֱӱ
⡭⡭Ŵͣ޷ǰʵ
һȭʮ߶εĸ֣ɱȵҪѵĶˡ
ȭжôˣ۷ֱײһ£Ҳȫ˰ɣ
۷Աȣʵǲ¶ˣ۷ޣȷʵҲûпһ
ǵƷһߣҲǿز
ƷʵʵѾԽ۷ĸ֡

ͱŭ֮ױȵĺ⣬Щĵϵôϵʮʱ䣬һ˲ȫˡ
䣡
ͱŭ󳤵ϣһѣؼ仹δɢɱ⳯ĳ֮۶
ɱ
ʱŭ֮µĽһʵˡ
ɱ⻯һʮɳľ޴â۵˼£·һĵһſֲƣֱӳųƷն
û뵽صôΪֻڽ֮ҲԿǰ˰ɣ֮ǰֻ֪ҵĸǽ׺ͽ棬ȴ;ȻҲӵΪ
ڳ޲ȻɫҲһӱˣʼģԼܲܵסֲһˡ
˶Ըоˣһɿֲĵ·ʱܴͷһ
͵ΪȻزҪǽͻȻˣֻ¸ûλĿԡ

ŭڣ˫·޾ɱڶɱ۳һ壬һ˲䱬˳һڳڱˣն
һľȫ˿ԿͷϣȻһӴͷڷһڣһҰףһ֮Уһ
һܾ˵Ĵ򷨣ҲǱȵ˼ˡ
ղųƷһȭɵܿóƷжǿҲûбİ취
Ȼʱ򣬳ƷһȭֻǼ򵥵һȭѣƣһȭ䵽һ˵ĵâ֮ϡ
䣡
·ײһľײһӱˣ˷׷˹ֿ۾һ̶Ը
ʱǿƷһȭĵâ֮ϣȻֻĵâȻһһĿʼ˿
ȻƷһȭȻֱӴ͸ĵâȻһȭ䵽˽͵ϡ
ֻĿһȭ䵽Լϣ޷赲˵ֵ
ȻƷֻǼ򵥵ĻӳһȭһʵϣڳƷȭһ˲䣬͸оԼһɿֲȭסˡ
ֲֿȭ϶µѹǸʱѾûбѡֻƴһ
ǵƴʧˣһȭֱӺ֮УǼȽһǿӵη壬ڳƷһȭǰֱֽһ˲ͱˡ
䣡
ͱǸ״̬ȻȻȥ
ɴ۾û뵽ԼȻ˲һԳƷʱһжס
ȫһļžš
ˣıͣĿɿڴĿһĻǶڳƷǳĵˣҲû뵽;ȻӰˡ
ʩչһֲֿƣѹһУվ޷赲Ʒһȭ
ƷҲûȫӣֻǼ򵥵ĳһȭȻһֻһĺ˽͡
ֲ˾
ʵϣͨĸֵ
Ϊʲôͨͺ֮߾Ϊɱԭ
ͨĶȣ۷ĸ̫ˣǳƷĹĻѰͨĸֵʱ򣬸޻֮
ͨʲôͨ˼飬֮ܳΪֳ֮ͨĿֲͨıʡ
ⲻܣ
ҵ˶Ŀ࣬ţͬΪŴ壬Ƕڽ͵˽ģΪˣŲţͻ׵ʧܡ
ǿ۷ĸְֻһܹͨĴڡ
ֻϣһɱκһ۷ĸֶӦýӲ²Ŷԡ
ڳƷһжߵ˹
Ʒһȭɨֱѹ
ÿֲһȭֻһȭѣɱһ۷ĸ֣ĪѾͨľ磿˲²˵
ԣӦûûпͨľ磬Ʋ̫񣬲ֻҲûʲôֱ𡣡
޲壬˸Ѿ˵ˣû˸˵
һȭǵԺһӶˡ
̫ǿˣѹ˵߹ˣԭǲ߹Ҳ֪ǰ㲻߹ֻҲǲˣ
ɵۡ
΢һڣһ߲ƣǺҪƽңȮĻ
ȻȴڳƷϣһжֲסǱˡ

СԴһɵӣ磬ĸ硣
ˣ
Ʒջȭƣֻǵ˵
ȻֻһȺ߹ѣ
Ʒ鵭Ȼ·ֻһֻһȴû˸С˶֪һսȥֻҪˡ
־ͺһ۷ĸ֣ʵѷ֣֮Ҳ˽ˣʵ˭ܵУ
Ժ֮жðһ仰ֻ´ӽ󣬽Ҫһˣ
ȴ룬ƷʵѾʲôزˣ


840 
һȫһʱ䣬ȫţ˶Ʒסˡ
Щңŵĸ֣вٶͽʹ֪͵ʵֻ»ΪڿЦء
ǰǿʵԳƷʱȴ˲һʵĲ࣬ѾԶ׼һĿȻˡ
ǶԳƷ˵һȺ߹ѣҲ޷ԳƷʵȷʵʸ˵Ļ
Ͼһȭס˲߹ʲô
ԭһҲѾ˿Ҫʱˣôش飬˶ʼҴȥ˵ǳˡ
ǳƷĸһչ˵ͬǰʱȻǸʱ򣬳ƷնɱĽҸҲкܶ࣬ʵϣǸʱƷƾŵҩһ㣬˭ܹó
ǸʱȻ𺳣Ҳ̸϶ڳƷжٵļɵ
ǿᣬҲʱƣǱվ޵ġ
ȻȴͬˣǳƷǰսʱɵĿֲգǼΪֲġ
ҲףʱĳƷȻ赭дȴǸʱҪµĶˡ
ҴҽȻԪ˧˵ŸոտʼصĽҵʬҪ˽ҵʬ֮⣬Ǻ˵鷳ҲС
ܿ죬˾ؾ۵һһΣƷΪһСȴԺͬһš
ȴû˾ʲô壬ͱʵ̫СˣӦλŶԡ
Ͼ˶˳Ʒʵһ˿һĲƷԼǲں
ڵ飬Ȼе㼬ˣƷڱ¶˵ǰֻ½Ҳưոݣ
ãȿ˵˶׷׿˳Ʒ
ƷǵһЦ˵޷ǳ綼Ҫ֪ģڽΣǽԳ棬Ļ޾壡
Ǿûʲôµˣ
˵ҵõϢڵĸ漶⣬⣬һǰŴĴģֻΪǸλüҲûа취棬ֻٲֵܹ뵽Ǳߣ֪˲࣬ԲûӰ죡
Ʒ˵ͷӳҵõϢǲġ
ԭҪ棬ǳºȴȻڳң̫֮УǸλãĿǰ˵ͨĸܹɽ֮⣬Ҳֻнף̫ս֮С
棬ʣռȫơ
ˣҲͦ鷳ģкȻ˺޳ܣǺôҲԪ˧ֻ鲻ôʱ򣬴˵
޷ҾˣҲһ취ûеģ˾ȥ׳һݣȻʥ͸زˣػĵһߣȻ͸ӣĿİ
˵뵽ʱЩʹļ׵ģ
˷İɣҲ˶ã
Ʒ˵
һСʱ֮һ˽˷ɻҵĻ֮зӶֱӳųҵķȥ
ǻûɵһ룬ͻȻһöȻֱӽһ˽˷ɻƬ
ûãһηɻӸ߿֮ӹеǳƷһˡ
ƷĿŴɻ֮еĻ棬һ˽˷ɻֱӾͱƬ
ʣǽҵֱʣ֮зϳһ˽˷ɻ֮һ˶ûУҲһն˭֪ҾȻ󵨵زڰ·ֱӽɱ
Ҳóĳɣܿʱһ亹Ҫһ˽˷ɻ뿪ģ˭֪Ҫǻ֮ǰƷȰˡ
ΪƷٵǻ֮ǰͻȻһǿΣյĸоͷ
û뵽ȻƷоˣҵһֱһޣΪƷһһ˽˷ɻԲŻͻɱ֡
ƷΪҲѾ뵽ˣŽҳ˺˺ߣѾûʲôǲҸɵˡ
ңһж̫Զˣ
ƷЦһ˵
ʱ֮УƷϲͻȻһը˿һ㡣
ӦѾȥ˵ĳƷȻţɶ߲˵һ𺳣Ƕ֪Ʒͽ֮ĶԹ˵ǲݵĹϵ
ƷڻţһֱýʮȫԽҵĵ̣ʼЩԲˡ
һս֮Уչֳʵ𾪣˶оһķ籩С


841 ƣ
󣬽ϮƳƷһ˳˽˷ɻҲ￪ˣ˶ʶˣزҿ϶ѾҪͳƷ׿սˡ
ʲôֶζõĳˡ
ܿģϾѾ˳Ʒֻ˽͵ƵȻΪеԶƵıȽģ壬ûа취ȫĿ
Ȼ˻ǿ˳Ʒǿħһʵֻһȭѣͺһ۷ĸ֡
˶ɵ÷˸п
ҼǵΪͬεһҲûжʱɣڿֻһһ˵ͷûˣ
ȷʵˣһĸ֮Уֻûһȵģ
⼸ʱǾʲôô˾ˣ˿£
˶ڸпƷʵǿʱϣͻȻð಻г
ƷҲɽϻӳƴŶԣҲ̫ˣŻᱻһȭ䱬Ǻĸ֣ľǸƷ
ҺǿȣǳƷѰ·
ǳƷֳʵǿΣûпͨľ磬վֻǷѣ
һӾͶɵҲˣЩ˶Ǻ֮еˣԴ֮ǰģ磬һطҲֻʹˡ
ǰҲĵʹ磬ûһڵĺߵġ
ƺѾĴϰһ㣬ѾʼԸĸ߿Ƽˡ
ЩָƵۣߣȴûа취ȷʵƵǻܹóģƷʵǿȴûпͨ硣
Ϊͨĸֳֵʱ򣬲ӵģҲΪƷӦ۷ʵ
ͬΪ۷壬ǳƷ̫ǿˣǽ̫ˡ
֮ǰ˶ǳƷ̫ǿˣЩǾǽ̫ˣŻóƷľ˵ս
ֹ۵֧߶Уֳ֧ƷˣȻԸųƷʵȴҲҲʵ֧š
ʱһΪ̫ӵʺͻȻȻ˵Ʒǿֻɽϻӳƴѣ̶ֳȣǺ֮бȱȽǣ̫ˣǵ۷廹ǵνƷҲˣٹ£һϰսĸ֣һҪɱⲣƷӦս񣿡
̶һλսһֱ磬֮ǰ޾һų̫֮ͻȻð˳
˶֪̫ӾʲôͷȻ˷ڳƷֳ˾˵ս֮ȻҺͳƷа塣
ǺܿƺֵʺŸռ
̫Ǻ֮һ֮Ķ֣ںս꣬ѷ֣һһҲûϣνһ֣Ǻ֮еĸȣ̫ˣһȺĻѣ
Ǻ֮еһڸս֮ĥģԽΣգԽܹĥˣ࣬Щ츳˶ĺúõģƵõĥǲ֮߼⣬
֮еĸ֣Ǻ֮еĸֲԶˣǵ̫ˣ
ຣ˽֮˲֪̫Ӿʲôͷԭ֮ĳһ֧峤һʵǿͬ
սڸսʵڸĺ֮УҲͬѷ֣ѹȻô
һЩѾµˣ̫ͻȻֻ˸Ʒһһ˵ͷĻ¡
ȻΪ˵һˣôҪеһѹҲġ
˸ǵ֮еĸ̫ˣһһ׺ᣬҪ֪ⷽռƣпƼļӳɣչֻºǺĶ֡
֮ؽ½ϵʮǰٱϣ֮࣬Ҳġ
ܹгưԵˣԶ
˶ʼΪƷϾֳʵǿƺͺȣվЩģϾδͨ硣
һս֮󣬽̫ӣַһġ
˵֮еĽң֮ϣʱһõѣҪˣû˼ˣҵǺȤ뿴һһֵĹͷжӲһֻ飡
һλһ綼ˣԭ˲óƷʱ򣬶Ѿˣ̫ô˵ǿ
ǿ࣬Żơ
ԭϲƷˣҲϣƷܹӮ˺̫ӡ
Ūƨ̫ӣ
һѣҲ
ҷսֱ֣ǲ
ϸϣǶųƷģЩǣҲòһɾ޴ѹ֮·׷վʾ̫ˣһӭͷʹ
ףûôҲС塣
Щֶ׷׷֮󣬴ҲѾһ߳е˶ڵȴųƷķԡ
ƷҲûй˵ֱӦս
һ棬ԻѵûţǾɣ
Ҿ֪Ʒɲʲôµˣ
Ҷûܹ¹һѣʲôµģ
еĺÿܱôһͦ㣬һĵһˣ˿ˣ
һʱ䣬϶׷ֳ֧Ʒ
·֮ԼսϾҪһֻǲ֪Щ֮Ужֳ֧ƷģжƲϣƷȥġ
Ͼ˶óƷ϶ˣŻĶǰȥ
ĿǰϣҲĿǰΪŵĻ⡣
ʱڽ֮УҲΪƷͻȻȻ󲨣ΪƷѾˣû뵽Ȼţڽ˵һݺݵĴƴǵϡ
ܿ죬Ҹϣ߲ҲӸظ˻ʱϲģҲͶӰķʽ
һҪһղǽ˵ܴ裡
һҵĳߵ˵ƷĴڶ˵һ޴ĳ衣
ǿ϶ҪǸСʵǿΪ˭ܹס
һǲͬ˵
ҾͲˣú˵䣬ܲгϴһ˵
˵ʲôãǰεĽѵǶôΨһ취Գ֣г˵֮ǰú˵ĽѾǰˡ
ƷûȻ֪ʲôԭ򣬵Ѿˡ
˰Сʱջǽ峤İ塣
ȲںƼҺͷɻڵΪҪ鶼Ѻڲڻ֮һҪ


842 ӿɽ
ºܿ˾飬Ƕú˵ԳƷֳʵҲֻжһЩɵֶˡ
׵ľԼҵԳ
ʵԲ˵ȷ˻Ƽ棬Էɻ˿֮󣬾͸졣
Ƽ¿ֱǲ֮𣬵Ƕ˵Ҳһ塣
ǰ˴ҵĲУ˵˭ǿһЩڽԸǿʵڰ˴֮ӱ
ҲΪʲô⼸֮ڳƷϵ볬һٶ˿˽ǣʧ޴
ǽȻ׹ͽǿʵҲкܴĹϵ
˶Ȼҵʧ٣Ƕҵۺʵ˵ȴ޴
ٶܹ֮꣬ģʵҲϰ˴ҵˡ
ʧ˻Լӽи߼Ϊսʧ١
Ψн棬綨һĴڣһʧ޷ˣ롣
һȻҪԽΪȣ¶ԳƷȻɵȴҲֻǼɵѣǿȷʵҲӵܹ³Ʒصֶκ
Ȼ֪ΪʲôƷÿÿܹѺ˵ĹȴǲųƷº˵ģͨǿҲ
ͨǿں˱ģһ֮ء
ˣҲܱɻڲҪǽҺôȻҪǾ͵óһ⣬һƷˣǷɻҲͲ˶ѣ
İ塣
ؽһɽ֮ϣһȺϴű뺷Ϣ˷׷ӭԣڴʱշ·һһ㣬˺ѿһ޴ѷ죬һһӰĽ⣬̤һݹһѷ֮зӶƬ֮䣬ѾһȺ˵롣
һԼĪʮģӣݿʣһϽۣһԴϡ

ڴʱ˶˵
˵鶼ޱȵĹȻڵĵλ˵ԷҲֻǸߴһѣǾһȴһĲࡣ
ԷĸԽһߵĿֲڣȻոտԽ࣬ȴѾԼܵС
ʥصȻܹϵóЩʥ֮зɻڵĸ߲㣬ϣִµȡ
Щڷɻ֮ҲλȨأܹȺˣȻҲǷˡ
Ƿɻڵ½
ȻԷᣬȴû˸һ˿һĲɻڵĹأΨпͨ磬ɳΪϵĸ߲㡣
һһߣǵһֿ뷲ˡ
һ׼ˣɻڵĸʵ
һжѾĽˣǷɻںͽңƼҵĺҲڽһļҺƼͻȻһҪǾøɱһˣʱһΪ׵ĳϿڣĻش˵
ɱ˭ɻڸüͷ΢ȻЩˡǼ⻹˭ģ
Ǽҵ峤ףǲ鵽ϢΪƷҲһ壬ҵĵϵӵܣһΪΪųһһˣ۷ĸֶĶ֣̫գһʱ޷ع飬ýҸомּ֣Բø֣²²⣬Ǵ˾ٿҲ̽ҷɻڵʵ˼ǸϹļ˵
һΪҲѾ۷壬ŵĸȴһ˿һĲһ֮ң뷲ˡ
ߺߣЩչּôĸԸкȸ߾ǷɻҲּۻۣɻڸüͷĸˡЩСϷˣҲգʱұʲôƷģ֮еʵ̫ǿ󣬶˵վʲô£һһˣǺǣ
ɻڸ˵⼸֣¶˼ֲмЦݣνͷΣֱǿЦ֮ʲôһһˣ˿ǿ۷ĸֶԻܡ
ȻѾһߵûϣǿҲֻϣһžܲ
֮ǰĵ飬֮бܿõǸӣֳ˷֮ʧˣǲ鵽ӦúƷйϵ
ǸϿ˵
ԷɻڵʵȻ͸̫ܹõԴȴǲ٣нȻİģҪ̽һЩȫܵ鲢ѡ
ܹ鵽ֳ˷ǰȥɽӵҩ˾֮󣬾ͱ˴˹˾ô˽Ȼûʲôһĵˡ
ƷѧѧҲһöûУѧѧĹϵ鲼ȫֳ˷粻һûиˣ˭ΪȥΪѳƷ
ɻҲΪܣ֪ͳƷйأȴҲһʱκβ˳ƷҪַɱƷʱ򣬳ƷȴȻʧˣΪѾˡ
˭֪ٶȳֵʱ۷ĸֶǶˣǾ͸ˡ
ǿɲǽңͷкĸ߾ڲͬˣŸǰɻҲѹһе
һͨĸ֣Ժɨ
ֳ˷磿ԭǸƷ͸ˣ
ɻڸüͷһӵϣɻڵ츳Ҳ٣Ǵȴܲϡ
ϾһĵûбʾԺ˭С˷ɻˡ
ȻˣͰһؽ峤ĻǸƷһ̽һΣķϣҲƽϣҪסͨϲ裬һΣûô˵ˣɻڸ˵
ף
Ǹæ˵
ˣϴ㴫Ϣʥ˵ǸƼ涼ɱˣɻڸ˵
ɱˣǽ棬˻˿ΪãǸæĻش˵
е˼ⶼܹҲֶΣɻڸЦЦ˵ұе㼬ˣƼҵҪָʹɱ棬Ƽ±ȻвˣְЩˣȫƼҵôܣҪһЩ߿Ƽ˲ţĸ߿Ƽпȡ֮ģǴվҲĲ䣡
ף
Ǹ˵
ȻǺͽƼҵͬ˲ŸոտʼǷɻڵҲ˿ûоʲôԣͬ˴һʼ໥ã˭ʵǿˡ
ʵģǰһӻѣһҲܱɶǣ
ʱ˶֪ǷɻڵʵˣɻڸǸƷȽ˴֮ѰὫɱ
У˴Ҫ飬ƷǽѢ֮ѡ


843 һ£˴俪ʼ
Ʒ֪ҺͷɻѾ׼ˣ֪Ҳϡ
ڵΪ˵һ߻ԶսȴʵʵĿһߣӵ˳׵ʲôıƣʲô
ֻҪĸȫҲû˺֮ǡ
Ǻ̫ӵƣ˵Ȼ󲨣˶ڹע飬ͷҪǹ˽ңƼҺͷɻڵĽ˴䡣
ƷʵȻʱƵĲֻǱɽһǣʵʵ£û˵˭쾳ӵ㾪˵ս۷嶼ϡ
Ҫǿͨľ磬ǻ˵ã
˶һĵһ֣ܵУҡ
Ƶ۷ĸ֣ŶҪˣͱһƵ۷ĸ֣ڽ֮ԭûнʵҲˡ
ȻһȭɱƷʵʲôز
ҪǳƷȷʵûбֳͨǶҪ²ǲѾһˡ
ûпһߣ̶̲ʱ䣬ͳɳزսҲʵ㹻ˡ
㵽ƵǺܳԶģǾȴǵսľ
϶ڴԣ϶õһ˵ĴУܿһŴɵĴУ򲻿̶ܶʱͻͽˡ
ҲһԼֱ˹ȥĸо
˶ԳƷ㹻ģǸ̫ǿᣬƺҲܺƵ֮һĳƷᲢ۰ɡ
ȷʵ̫ӵҲһһ˳
ԭ̫ӣ֮һΪǿȺΪѪȺϾ˵ϹѪ֮һֱŷɥĴڣս·硣
̫ҲǴӺս֮ĥģСʱ򣬱ѾսһΪǻɱġ
֪ȴʮǰɱ۷Ķ֣ǱնɱһĵһβƵ
һŵ̫Ӵսɾ֮ϣһʵԲ۷壬޾֮Уôܻ
ȻƵ֮Уȴ¶̫ӣ¾͸˺ѳ롣
֮Уʮ׵ĿֲӰһ㣬ʱữȥ׶ˡ
ǸżʱԮ̫ӾߣֻµʱҪꡣ
Ƶ֮ԭóƷˣɵõһѹ̫˵ͱˣʵȷʵԺɨ۷塣
ֱЩռݵ̫ˣֻƣѾһɽһ޷ȥ
һƵ֮󣬺ܶʶ˶ƷԣȻû˵ʲôǶϣƷҪ̫ײ
Ѱ·Է̫׺ˡ
ԳƷĿǰֳ츳ò˶꣬Ȼ֮ϣͨĿҲܴ󣬼ȻˣαһʱǾֵ̫ˡ
ͷʮ̫꣬ҲᱻԽ
ȻҲв׵Ǹߺ־ԾǺݺ̫ӡ
ЩԻ֧֣¶Ե˼ǳƷףڹԼ
ڿǸƵ֮󣬾͸ˣƵ֮У̫չֳʵȻֲƺͳƷһȭ͵Чࡣ
ʵر̫ǸŵʵѾء
Ȼȥʮ꣬˵ʮʱ䲢㳤̫Ӷ뻹δһߡ
ȥˣƷҲ£ĻʼսɲѰս壬Ŵʱڻʾ֮У֪նɱ֡
ں֮Ǿˡ
ҽ˴ǰһµʱ䣬ڳƷ˵ѵõϢʱ䣬Ѿ۷壬ֻҪסΪò˶ãͿͻƣͻƵأǸʱսһ
һµʱ֮Уѵɵʱ䣬һ߽Լ⼸µĹȫˣ˵ļ˵Щ⣬Ȼ˿ԣѧĹο˶ɡ
ĩ֮⣬Ŀһµʱ֮ȫˣѧѾʱԱҵ
ȻڵΪ˵Ҳòѧıҵ֤ˣվǰеԸ
֮⣬ǽ󲿷ֵʱ䶼ָõУƷʲôʵѧĵʦҲԶ۹˵ʼİݽ겡
óʵѾ˺أ֮ͬпƳͣһ֮Ϊ̳
־˵츳˳µӣһԴȱ߿״ԪǴϣ
ھ˳Ʒһµָ֮󣬳ȻһͻƵ˺أۿźҲԶˡ
ȻҲгƷ¯Ĺָͣ㣬Ҳ³޷º֢
ȫԻʵ
£ΪƷ˵԰¿ͨ磬Ȼ֪˲࣬ǶΪ˵Ҳһϣ˳ƷҪ¯ͽֳƷҪҩˡ
ĳƷûôõĴͬͣʵҲԶԶ棬ⲻǳƷƴƴŬô
ü˻ĸɣ
ճƷĹƣֻҪʲôһεĸ߿״ԪûܣҪ˵
гƷͳڱ֧֣ȻǸϲϳƷֹ̥ǳԽµȴûġ
֮⣬Ʒǿ¯Ϊĸ쵤ĳɺܿ˺۷һˣҲѾΪ
ڳƷİ֮£̷쵤֮󣬾һٴͨζͨţ쾳硣
гƷԳŴϴķΪϴ裬ĻʣʣԱ֤ڶʱڣΪͻͽ
ȻĴҲܴ󣬼ԳƷڵΪϢ졣
һгƷöֵõģǸĸҲǺܴʮڹʱȷʵ׼ˣǸոտѣϿ쾳磬ӳ㹻ʱԼδǰ;
ȻҲϣӵԱʵһֱ˱棬ϳƷڵĳŴĶδǰ
δлԵĻӦ˵ûлԵƷҲΪѰûԵͨľ硣
ȻɣȴҲʵһʱգۼţҽ˴ڿʼʱٽϵԽԽˡ
һ죬ʧһ˼ϵ˳Ʒ
ƷѾҵ˹ѺЩ岮ĵطʱԶ֣


844 ¾ͨս
˼괫Ϣ̣ܶôһ䣬ȴѾˣ
ܿ죬Ʒͼ˼꣬һһ˵ǰģԱߣһԼĪʮģŮӡ
ŮȻĴ󣬵ɷ̴棬޳Ҳǳ
Ʒʦư¶꣬ûʦҶ෬ֻ꣬ҵĴҪ˼Ʒ
ʦҺ˵ĳƷ˼ֽ˵
ƷʱˣŮ˭ˣƼΪ˼ϽⰲһΪ˼ʦָС
ԭˣлǰԮ֣
Ʒʵ˵Ȼư¶ΪֻأǶ⣬ǾͳΪ˼ڷ絲꣬ƷҲԸ㹻ء
ǳƷư¶¶˼־ȣȻ֮ǰֹһοƷͶӰ֪ò
ʱ򣬻Ǹоޱ𺳣ԭֻΪ̫ˡ
˼һǰͻȻ֣չֳΪȻҪ֮ϣѾޱˡ
ֻʱ䣬˼Ϊһ㣬ԼԼ֪˼ĸһԻ⡣
ǵƷʱ򣬻ǱˣǰƷɱϽңȻ˭֪ĳּȫǱĵҩ
ȻƷȴ֪ͬʲôȻ˵á
վڳƷǰֻһָоǾɲ⣬˵ڵĹһһôƷĸоޱ޼ʵĴ󺣡
Ȼôȵޱߴ󺣡
Ȼῡ壬δǰ;
ư¶οĿųƷ˵
׹ư¶Ͼ˵Ŀǰǲ̽ЩǸŮ˵ڶѾѺƼҵһܻ֮УǱдĸפأƾǵʵֻ޷ȥ
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ǵõϢǸŮҪȵ˴֮ЩƼҵĸ߲ûüֵˣͳͳնɱҪ˵Ļ͵Ҫ磬ĻһоͶˣ
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ǿʼ˵ĻϾͻᾪǸŮˣֻҪƽĲ
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ǱߴѾҪʼˣҪսپˣ
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ƷֻԶԶĿأܹоһΣյĸоĵ֮дɱв켶֡
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ܿ죬֮Уһ޴Ľһ˲γˣһݣʱ֪Ѿ׼ֵʱˡ
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һݣ漴Ӽᶨ䱸ȫĻأֳģҲϧһˣƼҾ;ûз֮ᱻ̲
׼Ӧԣ
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Щ׵ĵֱڰձɨը޷ʲôӰ졣
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û뵽ʱ˱ʡ
ǿȥһֻѪɫĹצһֱڰ֮ӣ䵽˳Ʒϡ
ʾ˸ղŵһǳƷֵģ
ڹؼʱ̣Ʒħ˼ͼԳƷڵΪ˵Եʵͨǿߡ
Ͼͨǿߣ۴ΧĹͨǿߣǲϲ٣ħ˼ͼȴֲȱݡ
壬еĵӦ£
Ʒһıֱӳһ˷·һ
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Ʒľ˱֣һӾԭѾһоĵƼҸʿ
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ʱ֮Уڶɨ˹һΣƼ˸ûж⣬ֱԾ˵ٶȷǸء
Ȼʱ򣬳Ʒٶȳˣ̯֣֮һֻѪɫĹצһɳһɨЩ
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ǳƷη壬ϷһĻĳ΢һ˷·֮дһ㡣
ֱӾϰ̨׵ǰϰ̨׶ʱһԭͻϮƼ˶֣ڳƷͻȻǵǰ̵ģֻصųƷǵɨ˹γһƬꡣ
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䣡
ƷһֻѪɫצȻһץȥʮ̨׸ߣͱץ˸ţĿ֮£ֱӻΪһ̻𣬱ץ


845 ǹƥ
˶Ʒ⾪˵սסˣƼһԼѾڸ߹ƷսˣȻȵƷֵʱǻǷ֣ԼȫȫС˳Ʒս
ͨսͨս첻Ƽң
ʱư¶һĴЦԭֻǷһ˭֪֮оȻͨս
ΪƼȻ֮Уףͨսļ˵жôҪá
ܹãҲΪּĸʵֲ̫ˣղųƷȫһѾ֤һˡ
쾳ĸ־ģ
Ʒ֮ǰ۷ʱҪɱЩҲ練ƣǲһƾͺɱʮ̨߼ס
һƺɱʮ쾳ĸ֣Ǹ顣
ͨսǰĲʲôǿĸ߼ףǱ֣һƾɨƽĳ̶ȡ
ΨˣɳƵǴɱЩ˵һͨս͸߾Ǻ֮ģ˫ϱա
ϧˣƼ˸öã
ư¶漴Ϳߵͽ˼꣬ȻƷƼˣ£ԼҲʤԼˡ
˵һŮô
гƷڣôƼҲںǰʱ۸ϼſڡ
Ƽ滹ڵĻ˼ӰҪƼҴȨ
Ǹܵ飬ֱһѾץ
ʱҲûȥЩ飬ΪѾɱ˻֮Уʱ֮ѾƷŪһңæʼϻصĴţһϵƼҴӪ֧Ԯ
죬ҪŴŻûȫϵʱȥʱư¶һ˼һȣ˸ų˹
гƷæ赲Ǽ˾ͳ嵽
ǻһۿŴžҪȫպϡ
صֱţư¶ʱæָ˵
ٻ׿ʼ׷׼䵼ʱȴһֻѪɫĹצһӴץǻպϵĴš
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˲ͱһ޴Ĵ󶴣ԭöϽɴţõըҲѴ򿪣ھȻѪɫצץһץˡ
㾪˵ƻֱˣ
һֱڣƷܹħ˼ͼͷų֮ǰֻͷųħ˼ͼһֵսˡ
ųƷսԽ۷壬ħ˼ͼܹҲԶԶ۷壬ָͨ
֮ǰƷȻҲʹãǶСħ˼ͼаƣһֱһסԪ񲻱ʴ
Ȼһ˵Ļͱħ˼ͼаʴһͷβķˡ
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Ƽ֮˶ɵˣ³Ʒһģ־˵սǽǸסˡ
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⡭ôܣ˵սܹﵽĵزôսսĿ˵š
ͨսֻͨĸֲܹﵽĵز˾˶֪ͨĸ־ζʲô
ʱǵɫһӱˣһͨĸ֣㹻ǹƥĽظƽˡ
ûϵĸ𣿡ʱƼһصָӹҧ˵
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˸Ǿþ£еϢжˣҲ˵Ҳκ˷֣뵽ǶɵЩ
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Ҳףһߣ롣
Ҳû̫ע⣬Ͼ˵ɭϵĵطըѺըһʧ
ǶԷҳ˵Ҳ˵ûã㽫ΪƽأЩҲˡ
ȻҲͽĸ֮ġ
˭֪Щ·ƣȻһͨĸ֣֪Ʒʵֻͨսͨ
֪ҲûκβΪĽһġ
δͻȻضھҵĻζȻֻһΪƵĺ
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ˣ
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Ǹͷ֮УƷԻ˳ֻĮĿŵµЩָ֮еˡ
ҵˣ
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Щͼֽ㲻رܣư¶ĵȼȻܹӴĵ
ĵ׵ģ
ãߣ
ʱǸָӹ٣һ
ȻʱѾˣһֻѪɫĹצֱӷסѵ·ߡ
ƴˣ
ָӹٴһһΪ˳ȻҲصΪΪ֮У֪˼Ӱߵӡ
ֻϧ˼Ӱǧû뵽ƷȻͨս
أ
ָӹָͬڵ˾ѪɫצһĳѪĭȫľѪѪɫצˡ
صĸҲûκôһ
Ʒܵħ˼ͼǿһЩЩɶ쾳ĸֵľѪء
ħ˼ͼȷʵ̫аˣ
ָڵ˶ƷһҲʧȥָӣһ˼ʹϢѾЩƼҸ߲ȳˡ
ƷҲûͣ˼Ǹ£ֱſ֮һҽ˴Ļ᳡


846 ˴
ؽ磬ɽУƼҡ
һޱ֣Ƽңңзɻڣˣ˵ǿٵصĵһΣʥֱӺ
ͳڵʱǾԲܵġ
ҹ㷢ǰ֤ʷԵʱ̡
һʱ䣬ɽ֮жİӣǸɴ˽˷ɻǰֱɽټĻΪ
ϣڳƷҲڱ˸ѹȥ
˾Ǳ˹ע飬ֻǰʱƷǿƸһֵĹעȡ
ֱֱƽ̨Ҳɳ˸ֱͬ
ƼҲͼ˴ɶһʢ
ϵ۲ͬˣǲͬ˵ˣʱڹעһεĽ˴䡣
ʥԱǲģǺ뻢ıƤ
ֹ۵⻥һֱ൱г
ҪӲԼǿֺǣ
һεĽ˴޷ֹˣ
Ʒˣ˵ֹܲˣͻȻԶ˵
ôܣǲô
һΣңƼңзɻڵĴ־ۼһ֮ο⣿Ҫǣɻһοͨĸǰ˴䣬Ʒʱǲô
ڣʱƷǰ·һ
ϹڳƷҲͽֻһСζѣΪ˶óƷǰ
ڴǿɻڵĸ˵ǿͨǿߣ˵ʥеĶǳŴĹŷҲ֪ϵµͨǿȣʲôĲ𣡡
ⱲӳӰ֮Уûпֳأֱ
ϣֱͬ
Ƽլ棬ɽ˺
λǣССǣɽƼҵΧҴֱܹıͣһһҴҽ˴ֱֳ
Ⱥ֮УССǾµ¶ֺЦݣǰһεķͷ
ӽֺÿˣ
ϵرҺ
ˣӣҪСӣ
ͨǿߵ
ĻϸۣСС΢΢һЦҪشأһӰɵסˡ
ӿʲôˣֱ
ʣôյӣ϶ǿ˧ˣֱ
ŶҵŮ񣡡
ֱȵһڼֱ
ССֱӰֱصΪһϤӰȻǳƷ
֪Ϲڶ֪ҲãƼҲã˵Ǻǣ޲Բæֱ
Ҳû뵽ǣƷȻΪ֪һƷҿ϶Źġ
þòˣ
Ʒ˰֣ǵõĺѣҲü겻ˣòȴûзʲô仯һ۾ͱƷϳˡ
þò
ССǿ˿Ʒ˵ô˵к֣̫ܶΣˣ
ƷЩŵĹԼӣɵ΢΢һЦ˵֣ԽԽã
ССе㲻⣬ʱ򣬱ôƷҳ
أԶͻȻ˳ҽ˿ʼ
ҪˣԺлټ
ƷССǵСԴȻȻһ̤ٳƼȥ
Ʒ춯̾ͱƼҾĸע⵽ˣʱ˾
в֣
οͺͱͶʼڰһ̨̨׷˰գʼ˳Ʒ
ʲôˣѵҪڽĽ˴ô˶е𾪣ǿֳ֪жôɭϣôֵĴǲѰ·ô
ֹǾҪˣ
̶ʱ䣬ϰ̨ѾƷΧסԶиĻڸЩ׵ı־ƼҵģҲڽҵġ
ƼҺͽ֣λ֪֮
ƷǰЩԼΧסĻס
Ҫ鰡
أϳ˳Ʒ
ǳƷ
ûҲϴģ
֮ǰϻĵ˵Ʒ֣û뵽Ȼӳˣ
쿴˴䲻ƷžˣƷҪһ츲ذ
˶˳Ʒĳ࣬һӾͽϳˣֱҲͬһʱ佫Ʒͷ֮Уһʱ䣬Ʒ˽˴ϵ飬硣


847 ı֮
ȻǳƷôģ
ҵ죬һҴ򿪵ķʽԣô
ˣڳôĸ֣Ʒܲˣ
˻ҵ죬ҿ̨ףȻмףҲʮ̨߼ףЯĶǴھһȥҲ
˿֮Ļףɵõһ˵
ǴֱʣһγƷֻǲӣ
Ʒ־ܣĻͱǲˣ
ʱԶһ
Ʒҽ˴ϵңǺƼԣѾͽңƼ˺ѵҲҪƼô
˸
ЩҲܴƼңƷЦ˼ӰıƼҼƼҷĸ߲ȫץһŮƿƼң涼ɱǻҪǺѵô
ʲôƼҵĸ߲㶼ץˣ
ԭƼҾȻĸƣѹͻȻתߣӺͽһ뽭Һ
ʱƷĻʱȻ󲨣ԭܶ˶ΪʲôƼڶʱͻȻıߣ˴𰸡
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ʲôѵ뽫ƼҸ̲ô
ȻƼھٰҽ˴䣬ֻΪ׵Ӧǽң
˵졣
ɱ
ʱǸ֮еָӹʶ˲ˣƼҲкܶڻɣϢһֻƼ¶Ҫըˡ
ȻǿסƼҵĸ߲㣬Ƽôˣ˵ִڽ̲ƼʵǺܲ
ʱ̨׶ʼˣֱӺշɳųƷɨ˹
˼ȥЩѾ˲ˡ
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Ʒأ˾
ϣ۾գգĵȴŽ
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أ
أ
һֻ޴ѪɫצɨеĻͳͳը˿һɨѣϰ̨мȫը˿
ϣ˶ɵˣסˣɱ¾ٶʵ̫ˣÿһֶôֲĻչʲôƼ
Ҫ֪ЩмȻĿƼǺôҲֽĺϽɵģͽҪܹƻҪֲƻ˵־ɨϰ̨мˡ
ʱ̳ɢȥ˲ſƷϣȻһֻѪɫĹצצԽԽӭǡ
ղžһֻѪɫצһɨϰ̨мס
ʱһ˲䣬һֻѪɫצһӱ˳Ȼ֮ץ˳ȥ
ϰ̨мһͱɨ
ʱƷֲˣϸһѪɫǣ·ǴһѪɫսһ㡣
ֻԶԶĿţܹоĳֲֿаϢ·𸽴ɱ¾־͸ǵԺ֮С
ǸĪǾħ˼ͼô
ǳƷķħ˼ͼ֮ǰһƵ֮пƷʹãǼǸʱħ˼ͼҲûôֲѽ
̫ǿˣѹƻ˴ˣȻ㹻ǿʵ
ϣɱǶҪ
ʱһ̨֮еָӹæһͼܱƷȥʿ
Ļ䣬ȴһֻѪɫùצһƾץ˹·ǳһ㣬˲Ѿǰ
Ȼһ߼ףһֻѪɫצʱȴûκεãֱӾͱץ˿
Щ֮еĸҲˣŴˣȻǶǾӢ֣ʶɱ¾࣬˶ǴʬɽѪ֮ġ
Ǵδ˿¾ڻ֮еǡ
Ż׷·ûдһ
ʱûбѡ񣬸ֵŽĳųƷк˹ڳƷԲ֮ڵȫը˸ϡá
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ıըУֻѪɫĹצչɱ¾м׻Ǹ߼ףԳƷʱ򣬶ûκβɨо޷⡣
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ǰ󲻹ǻ˼Ӷѡ
һȭһ۷Ĵˣ
̫ˣѵѾͨĸô
ֻ֪һƼҺͽң鷳ˣ
⸽ĸ¾֮󣬳Ʒ˫չƼլӶȥ
һ㵵ˣ


848 ţ
λƼңңɻˣȻῪʢһǰδеʱ
Ƽһ֮ڣѾ룬λ֮ϵģˡ
һ˺Ȼǽһס
һ˸߸ϣ֮ҲǾԵĺģһĹӳۣеķ·һ㡣
һˣһֻʮң޵ŮӣһҲΪǿл
ڳڶͣû˸СΪ˶֪ƼµĴȨƿţû˸СĴڡ
Ƽȷʵб޳˴ҵΣ˭Ҳɷϣûͨǿһ֮⣬Ƽҵʵһ㶼
Ƽˣкκһңͬھ
ΣҲǲʵ£˼ӰƼҴ뽭ҺͷɻڵĽˣв֧֣ҲΪˡ
ƼҲ˥ȥˣһ˥ȥ̾ͻᱻϷָɾ
Ӻͽѵʵ̫ˣ
ڵ˶ʼҲв¶˼ǵ飬ˣĵȻң˵ȴδˡ
вٸӸĴһĻɵ¶˼ֵĵ顣
Ǹ̸֮ɫĺڰʱǸ壬̫ӴԵʣҪ֮ϣ˿ֲĺڰʱ
Ȼ³ֵ̫ˣҲ壬͸̫ˣȻѹͬˡ
Ǵͳڵʱֻһ仰߽ͬ⡣
ͻȻڵĿ˶ʼɧв˶յ˸նϵʾ𾪵ĿϢ
Ʒˣ
ЩһĳĴǵʵѰ˵Ǹ⣬ڣƷӵʵ
ǰʱŸոյϢһһȭԺɱһ۷ǿߣߵ˸С
ʵһеĸ
ôҳ
ѵҪô
кϷˣͬ˲ô˳ˣ
Ȼ˵ľСǵ˶ھ۵ʱʼ˵
ڸ̸۵Ľ˼Ӱüͷ΢Ϊо˲ԡ
ܿ죬нҵĸǰһС
Ʒҳ֣
˼Ӱüͷ壬ʱңǳͬġ
գ֮ѳɣƷҪ赲Ҳܡ
Աߣɻڸ˽˼ӰĻʱ¶˵Цݣ˵е˼ˣһûм
׵ɫѿˣǵǰԼƷһȭϵĳȻƷǽ˵ҩһսȴⱲ޷ϴˢĳ衣
޴ĳ裡
ߣΪʲôطĵطôгҸҲˣ
˼ӰЦ˵ҽ˼죡
ߣȥôģ
˼ӰЦһ˵
˼Ӱţе㵣ĵĿ˿ɻڵĸȴɻڸҲ⡣
ɻڸŽ˼Ӱ͹µıӰ뵽ϵǾ˵ϸ𪣬ͷɵмֻȡ
漴ȥ
Ʒһ·ᴳƼ֮Уһ·ϣٶ֮죬ЩƼңҵĸҪѾ
Ƭ̵ʱ䣬Ѿɱ˽˴Ĵǰ档
Ŀ˶ԶԶıܿˣҿ
ƼҺͽҵĸڸƷΧס
˼ӰҳôƷһȡ
𶯴֮㳡
ţڴ֮зӳ˺ܶˣ֣Ϊ׵֮УƷʶľнףǸŮȻʶǿƷ㲻ʿҲܲµó
˼Ӱ
ʣµǸȴóƷͷһһܹв
ɻڸ
ƷƬ֮Ѿ³ݣɻڸȫɢһֻгƷܹоļΪΣյĸо
ȻɻӦøոտͨʱ䲻ǺܾãȫķЩƲסɢ
ȻһǸ֪ģֻе˳ƷּĸֲܹоһЩ
Ʒ㻹ҳ֪ʲôطô˼Ӱһ˫ӿƷʱ򣬼Ϊ䡣
λƷɱˣɣ񼫣ƼҾʹˣɱ
˶еͳν׼ͳαͳν׼Щ˺ʶͳν׼ƽʱûнɷϹ
ڽ˼ӰɱƷ
Ͽûë
˼Ӱ㻹ܹƼңƷ˵㶾׷ȡƼҴȨ飬Ϊû֪ô
ƷĻٶڳ͵𺳣ٿ˼Ӱʱ֮Ҳ˼ּɵԶԼɷ֣һ
Ʒˣ㻹Һ˵
˼ӰȻܳϡ
Һ˵ôƷһЦȻϵĸն˴򿪣һͶӰȫչ
һЩͶӰݣȻƼҵĸ߲㡣
ʱǲͻȻһν˴ҪĳϣȻдƼҸ߲㶼ûμӡ
֮ǰǻΪҪأڲŷֲԣæµҲæµϡ
ٿЩͶӰ֮еˣһˣȻ֮ǰ⵽˷˵Ű
˼ӰҲû뵽ɣǵĵطѾҵˣ㻹ôƼҲȥģ
ƷЦһ˵
ܣ
˼Ӱʱɴ۾һӦǲţЩ˱Ѻĵط˵Ѿܲ͸磬ҵҲ򲻽ȥôܱȳ
ʱѾ˳ƷĻˣֻҲû뵽Ȼᱬ飬УǳȻĴ֮ǰʵѾ֪顣
ǣƷȻбҵˣ˾ȳˣô򵥣ֻЩƼҸ߲ͱȳˡ
˼ӰƼҴ󲿷ֳٿĳϻ鸳ȨƿƼҵˣֻ׶񣬴߲
Ʒ˵
Ŀģɱ˽˼Ӱ˵ѣƼҵȴҪƼҵĹֻŻ
ƨ㲻֪ĶһȺˣҲðƼҳϣԻڣ
˼Ӱһ
ΧЩƼҵĸѾʼΪһ֪٣οʱ䣬ֵҥԲ
ֻѣƼҳǶȳˣģôǾͽΪ档
λҪƭˣƼҳϻľ飿ôû˵
ʱһ׳ֻһθߴ󣬻Ӵ˽
ƼҵĶƽգ
ϳˣĿмӵݣʽƼĴƽա
ΪƼҵĶϣƼļݣԭƲƼҸֶʼ¼ᶨ


849 ˭Ҫ棿˭Ҫ
Ʒ׳һĺӣ˼ƼǰŵȨ
˼Ӱûƽյֵ֧Ļ˼ӰҲôƿҵĴȨ
˵Ϊ˵Ĺᣬý˼ӰƿƼң
ƽҲƼ֮ĸ֣ǰѾ۷ľ硣
Ƽʱĸܣ׶ķԸѵǾĿСӵĻҪΥôƽո˵
֪ˣʲôŨü۵ҲᱳѸ
ƷһЦ˵
νˣΪǴ˵ô
ղƼҳϻľҲѾæˣʣµľ͸ҵİ취ˣҪ˭Ҫ棬˭Ҫ棿ƷɨһڳƼҵ֡ҪǽͷݣҲ˵
ƷǿƼ˶еʵ˼Ѿɱˣֻ˼ΪƼһԪѡ
ϾƼһҲף
Բѣ
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˶ˣƽյֱ۵ը˿
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˵ԲɱޣνǵǷ켫
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أ
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ֻһ˲飬ЩĽҺƼҲֵĸ֣һӶɵˣ˭ҲûȻӵıʡ
˼Ӱǵԣҵ֧ȴǻˡ
ܣ˼Ӱ۷ΪǱֱӺشôܱѪ
ˣɴ۾أԲŵģ
˼Ӱʵ֮£Ϊ˼ֲżƼ֮Уûʵôô֮аƼҷչȹģ
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ΪȫĹˣӲ
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أʱ˶ΪƷҪһʱȴһֲ֮ⱬըڲ֮Уۣ֮Ȼһ˷·ìһ㣬ۡ
ݣ
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ص˼㡣
һεҽ˴˵˴⣬ΪƼҴƽպͽ˼ӰӲʣµƼҵĸִҲվԱߣɶǽ˵Ƿǳ鷳ġ
ԭԷɻڸͨʵƷͨıһ֮ء
Ϊûм쾳ĸܹвǸĿֲڡ
Խǿǽ˵Խǲ
Ӧò£ȻӵвɻڸֶΣ˵ףҲûпһߣտ϶нҵĳϻ˵
˶ΪƷ᲻һҲûΪӮûȥζûԾǨһһĽ׶κ͹̡
дܣǽҵоһҪΪǿܶڳһҳϷ˵ǶԳƷ֮ǣͬʱڳƷϵܴߡ
ֻһˣִƼ֮µİ֮£Ҳܹ̽ǳܡ
ʱַͬˣһìˣȻֻܹԶԶĿһЩƬģӰ񣬵һì絼һɨĿ۶Կóʮ־ˡ
˽ֵĲԶ۷Ĳˣ
ҺܹһЩĺۼˣ
Ʒ϶ֻһ֣
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ܹѹأΪã
һʱ䣬˶ھ
ƷŷɻڸȻ˽ͨĸֿʼԽĸܹٵĿռҲԽ󣬶ɽͼĿռ䣬ĳ˵Ҳķ
ȻеѶȸһϣ
һ˲䣬㳡ռ䶼ʼ𶯣ʼӵ˽ҵķΧֻǸо·ضڲһ
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һ˽㣡
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ּĽɢƼ֮ҲʼԶˣЩƼǰģЩ󷨵ı㷢ֵͨĴսҲڽƼһһ
ǰһȴ֣ԼһƬ֮Уɻ֮ƮɣˣЩ׷ɵķɻȴҲһּΣյĸо
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һڱӭǣһ˲ͳϰ֮󣬽񷶼𶯣Ӧһھ޴ı
䣡
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ˣ㣡
Ʒһ˲ҲͬˣϵϢޱĶˣָȻһȭһ޴ޱȵӰ˳һ޴޵ģ
޸ոոֳһɿ񱩵ϢͬأǳƷͻƵ֮һζð˲ȭ֮ǰЩ˻ʹð˲ȭѰȭͷܹһˡ
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ͣ
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ֲ϶гԴԴϵӦҵĲƴָʦԴܹᲢ۵ģȻʦԴҲĲƸǺͳȣС׼ˡ
ÿ쿴ŸҩԴԴϵıͽƷҵıҵ˿ʼе㽹û˸ҴųƷ
ЩͨԪҩ֮⣬ƷҪ˴쾳õĵҩ
һַһöΪвСĽչҪܾá
ƷʲôΪ̷ҩɳƺһԴԴ
Щҩ̷ȥʱ䣬ͻᱻɾ
Ȼսͨĸ֣˵Ҳֻ쾳ĴڣҪ̷ĵҩҲ쾳ĵҩ
ЩҩƷǲƣֻûǸʱȥƣͬʱ̷쵤ҩٶҲóЩ˿ĿɿڴƤ
ֵҩƷ߲ܣΪʼսǿȫܹ޸õĻΪãҪƷԼȥĻ
ÿ̷ҪʮңͲǮ
Ǯû̵ôʱ
ǳȻԳƷ̽޵ʱҲɵƤֱȥһƷҪ̵ĵҩ㹻óʽת⡣
ҪĹͷҲΥƷ˼ϾƷھǳҵĻƣʵԽǿڳ˵ôȻҲԽġ
ڳƷ˵Ҫһͨȫľһ嵽ء
ǸʱʵֻһһȻĵʽҲǺģ˵ЩǮֻлʵҪġ
Щ㹻һ˻űĵҩȴƷûûҹУǿнԱߵһ¯ҩֻҪʱĿžͺˡ
еʵļڣƷҲ³ʲô⣬һж֮С
ܿ죬ôԺһķõҩһº󣬳ƷҲڱֲֿҩǿҩתʼʼЩҩǿʼصľ硣
ڻ۹ˣʱһͻƵˣƷ۾͵˵


858 ͻƣ
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ȻԳƷʵҲܹͻƣҪѵʱ䣬ͺܶˡ
ڳƷƫƫȱٵľʱ䣬Ʒƻ˽ҵĴƣһȽع飬ô˵ͻӭĿ顣
֮ǰҪȡһʱ䣬Լǿ
ȻҲ⴫»Ϊȡʱ䣬ס棬ǳƷûнϣڱϵϣ
οڻһɻڻʱ䣬ʵˡ
ǿҩڻʼĵ֮£ֱӻȵʼʣµļ
˵֮ǰҪĻ쾳쾳ֻγһСѭ
漰ľ࣬ڴܹ֮ͨعγһ졣
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ͨԽľܹõҲԽǿ
ڣƷڴ󲿷ֵľѾͨˣʣµľҲ̵Ĳ񻰣ΪʼսʱͬʱҲǿľ
ľҲܲסӴĹȥʱľ޴ѹֱը
ڣȴ˳ƷͨʱҪٵ⡣
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Ӵҩ֧֮£һһԭҪСܴͨľھôƷǿдֱĴͨˡ
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ƷҲżֻǰͰĳֻһ̷ҩʵˣֻǰͰĳЧҲʮ־ˡ
Ʒ˼һ߿¯ȷʲô⣬һʦɲǳƷô󵨡
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Ʒ۾Ժ֮иֳ˻ʼսϹ¥޲зţԺ֮и˳Ȼһ˲䣬һֻ޴ޱȵĽһأֻǹطһ̺طĸоһ˲ɷݵء
ڳƷֱݻһֻ޴ޱȵĽ񣬱֮ǰİҲ˿ԶԶ׶ˡ
Ϣ˳ƷԺ֮С
أƷһȭһȭ޲ͬȭͷ֮ϣȻһͨĻ棬ڵ¶һ˲ߡ
ڳƷһȭһ˲䣬ڱҸֶһ˲оˣǵǰ·һͷ޴ޱȵݣҪ¡
һɻԽؼһջ٣


859 ն練
ǽ׽ԣ˳һĳ
жô׺ɼһߣ
ڳƷ¥޲ȻĽһĲ࣬ҲѾľˡ
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ʣһּѧһѧҲܸһǽͶӰ졣
ȻͳƷʱĹҲкܴĹϵʱĳƷѾﵽһ˼ĵزܹȭͷŵز
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ʱҲڳƷȭĹ֮Ȼɹʮ죬һ¯ͨԪڳ¯ˡ
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ɱ˷ɻڸ̫֮ӾҲûϢΪ̫Ѿء
Ͼô˵Ʒһͨǿߣ۴һǶѰܱȵġ
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Ʒֱ˸ǿʵնͨĸ֣һְһ֣˶ȥ̫ӵĸ罻ʺơ
㲻ͦܵô֮ǰţ㵹ƿ
֮ǰ㻹ʴʣڣֻҪƷȻˣ
޾ޣ־СӢۣ
Ըںƣ̫һѵõûʲôҲΪ֪Ҳȡ衣
ϾȻδ֣ǳƷʵǿʵʵģɱһͨǿߡ
ʵĶ˸߿һˣ
Ϊ̫֮ǰһֱûƷûע˵ɻڸɱˣɱһ顣
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ϵĲ࣬Щôе
Ӧ֪ͨңն練ƣ


860 Ʒ
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ǶǸˣ̫ӱҲͨĸֳҲЩ˼ɣ֡
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861 Ϊ߹
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һ֮󣬺ôҲǷǳģȱʱ䣬Ϊȡʱ䡣
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ͶˣΪ£ҲģףƽԪ˧˵ҾȲ˵ˣڻ̫գ
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˻ǵһ֪رִͷֻҪһֻ֣֪²򵥣ֻһĲҲҪƷǿ
һҵܹΪ߹٣ǳ񰡣
رִǸʲôõģ
ܵӣ
һʱ䣬ƷΪرִϢ


862 ǰϦƶ
󲿷˵رִǸʲôĴڡ
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ɽҲҽӣѰ·ˣ
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һ˵壬Լĵصȥ

ĸȫʼƼƼҶȥ
ĳϣҲź֮ôೡʵЩˡ
Ƽ֮У˾ķֲ֪ʲôʱƼ֮оȻƼ˶෽ĸ֣εҲϵĸ֣һĸֱ֣Ӿͱסˣý룬ûôλǡ
ˣѶҲ֮ࡣ
ϵĿֲֵƼƼҵĵ̺ʵҲɵȫ䱸С
Щ£̨գΪͬʱҲǼЩ֡
Ƽһɽ֮ϣʱѾ˸ǰսĸ֣һɽƼ浱겼µĽ磬˫ȫ֣ڻ̫


863 ̫
ռһԹۿλãһս֮ôˣΪ˼걾ΪƼҼݡ
Ϊһ⣬ƷǷΪ˼
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һһӰɽ·˹һһ죬ûöãѾɽ֮ϡ
ʱ˲ſһԼĪŶʮµŮӣһѩ׵ĳۣһվɫסѩپ£ڽ֮ж˼Ӣ֮
Ƽμ˼ꡣ
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˼֮󣬱㾲վţһ΢紵ͷϵ˿ֻƽ
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ˣ˼ֻǵ˵ȫԡѪ̫ӱȫ¶ûһ˺ۡ
Դת֮͸оԼĿսѰ˾ò˼飬ȴѰѡ
ⶼҲ˳Ʒ֮ǰ˵ķˡ
оԼδﵽһּޣϳ̣ܹͨϣֻҪʱܳȥʲôϡ
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һҿˣ̫һۺĹ۷ĸҲǲģ˵ǿȣǿҪǿ̫ˣ˼꾿ʲôʣ
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ǧһ֮ʣ˼ӽɨһֻ޴צӣȻһ˲ͱˣ۷ͿͨĲ໹̫ˡ
һ˲Ĺ˼һתһ˲ͳʮ֮⣬ֲܿһץ
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Ϊܵô̫Ӹߺһһٶȶˣһ˸֮䣬Ѿ˼ǰٶ̫죬˼ͶӦͱĴֱɨ˳ȥ
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Ʒ˵
˭ӣ˭ӣҲÿ˭ǵѣ˭ǵĵˣҪ⣡ƷЦһ˵
رִƷҪټϢܿʹ˳ȥȻεǣûǰҲǲһǰеֱ˵ǰûƷ
ƷʲôǾͳƽƽƾʲôһȥ
һֱӿǻ˵
ͳԼ̸ǶҪһһʲôȻǼȥݼ
һļֱӿ˵
ѵƷرִһҪرִɨô
˶ڿƷӦԡ


869 ɣѵ
ƷرִһѾ峤ܽӽˡ
ڸոյرִĳƷ˵һĴ
ĿŵĲǣƷûпһֻЦ˵
ģǺģ
ЩźͼӣִҲߣԴӴǴرİҪԵˣЩţ֮еˡ
һľ촦ˣеСĴãʱ򣬾Ǵͨʱ
ڴͳλʱǿνպգ˲֪ǿߡ
ֺ֪вնǵھȻһЩС͵źͼ嶼ҲǷ
ǳƷʲôû˵ǼŭҲûа취˵ԴһβԴʧٵһս֮رִʧ̫ˣϵĸһʧ˼ʮ
رִĸ߶ʧһ룬ֵֶʧǻ׿Զʱ
ѹѾˣЩźͼ壬ûнǷϡ
ʱƣִĳĬҲ紧֣Ǻܶ˶֪֮ǰһսֻҲû뵽رִȻѾزˡ
ѹС͵ŶѾˡ
رִ£ҲʼĻ̻
һ죬ƷһرִرִĺϵĸͳͳҪ
֮ڣǧඥȫеһ޴֮С
Щӣû֪رִĲʱͻȻʲôԭ
̫ˣ涼ڴرִѾΪһϺˣ
رִʲôʱôˣ
㲻ʰȫˣҲҪʰˣҺرִŸɣǲҪˣ
ǸĲ˷ȥ˴ˣ
˶СۣĲʵδķڷϾƷͷܴʵδ¹ʲôͣʵҲչǵǰ
ڴʱӰ˽ںһʮϤĻиôǰģҲӹɣֻεĲƷ
һ˲䣬֮ڣ˶ųƷоҪ֪Ȼ֪ƷӦֻжʮѣˣǾޱȵ𺳡
Ҫ֪ǰⲻǶʮˣȻնͨĸˡ
ǲˣʱܲŸոͨʵϰڻûתء
Ʒߵϯ̨ǰǧˣرִľӢй־кü٣ʵֻ²ȽңȻҪ
ֻȱһ㹻ǿͷ˶ѡ
ܶʶңҲи˿ܻʶңһҽܣҽгƷƷ΢΢һЦ˵ҵĴźܶ࣬м٣ԺʱԼֱ棡
涼ڴرִѾˣС͵źͼ嶼סĵزˣƷ˵
仰ɫˣҲûΪۣܰһǿƵΪϰߡ
˶ڵҳ֪ΪʲôôΪ֪ƨûõģƷ˵ӣǾʹǸΪֹǾʹΪֹرִǱִأڵ鲻Ǹ𣡡
Ʒֶ˵԰Ƶ˵һܴսô˵ΪִأԴ˾ԲܹϢ
֪ܶ˶ڲ²⣬ҿܻļźͼɱӺҪǣҲļźͼɱӺһһͳͳ鰸
ƷĻʱһƬȻ˶ɵһĿԼҵĲȫͳͳ鰸
ѵ֪жô
رִȻǿǿ󣬵ƺҲûǿ󵽿ԸɵĹĵز
һ㣬ƺɡ
رִʧܴ󣬸߶ʵʧ޴
رִʵǶټǵԭ򣬽µʱ䣬һǽѵڣҪǵʵٽһ
Ʒ˵ڽĿ˵ˡ
Ŀģʱ䣬Щ˵ʵ󲿷ֵİҪԴӣЩʵرִִȻͻ᲻㡣
ʱ˶Ȼˣû뵽ƷټȻѵ


870 £ʵ
£µʱ䣬رִûٷµԭһЩİҲֹͣˣΪĸҲƷټرִĴӪ֮ˡ
رִѾ˵ϢϣƣûκηӦҲ˻رִʵǲȷȷʵʵѾ·ˡ
ڣڲдרѯʣرִǲѾսȱزҪԽһָֹ
ʵֻһЩɳӽĿǰرִ˵һشĿ顣
µʱ䣬ݷôĵط˵ͷѾȥˡ
Ѿǵ˳Ʒ֮ǰ䷢һֽگ󲿷ҲǳƷ֮̽٣ʵҲͬʱôźͼ塣
ͳƣƷ֪ͨС͵źͼ壬ϰټ֮࣬źʮҡ
Щźв٣վŰ˴ңȻ֧֡
ֹϵ˵Ǵ۸ӣرִҲЩҲƺҲûʲôë
һգбԵرִѵصĴڴ򿪣ǧ౻µرִи߲ɲڱ˳ˡ
ֻǻͷһվڻسǽϵĳƷɵһͶ£Ʒڵȥӡ
֮УƷǽһѵǧˣʵĶǺϵĸ֣ذصҲټ
ҪһѵôˣһܹõģƫƫƷȻˡ
ֳԽ޵ѵ¿Ƽѵõ豸ȫˣÿ۾һҪʼѵһֱеѹեɾ֮󣬲ŻŻȥǻûнҪ
ƴͬʱƷرִӸ湺ִԼʦƳĸָ߼ҩǵġ
ٽѹեɾ֮øֵҩǵģǵʵ
ЩʲôΪЩִеȻһĵԴͽǮǶִеġ
ǾǣǧˣƷȻÿ˶ָϵһЩ⣬Ǳϵ⣬似ϵ⡣
ǿ˼ûд𰸵⣬Ʒ̶̼仰ָܹڣ·ԼѾйǧٴЩһ
νʦţڸˣȻڳƷȴʧȥЧ
ƷܹȫָϵһЩ⣬ԼûһЩÿƷ˵һһϯʤʮĸо
ǳƷں쾳磬쾳ϵҪܽᣬֱ
ָо˰һǰֻҪ߹ȥͻǰ;
ָо˶оҪˡ
ǶЩ쾳رִвɲ˵Ʒܽĳ쾳İ취ֱ˶ͨõİ汾
һӶ˺۷壬ûɵģ쾳磬ܶʱҪԼ
Ʒֿ츳ľ棬ֻҪռȶķߣȻܹȥһ·
µʱ䣬ٱѾǺصĸ֣һͻƵ쾳֮󣬳ƷĻѾˡ
Ȼֻǵͼ쾳磬쾳쾳磬쾳ӣرִʵ
һ֮⣬쾳ĸҲ˼ĽεĶѾ˺أǺ۷塣
ʵֹһ㣬ЩֽٶȱҲǲεĶһ磬ʸߵģϡ
߶Σϵĸ֣Ҳµʱ֮Уʮ϶ԭأصĸ֣ǱͿһʱˣ㹻ˣڱƷüѵֶȫƵı˳ˡ
رִĶ۷ĸ֣ԭֻиһµʱ֮Уֶĸˣԭصĸ֣µʱ֮УƷСͷȫǱһ۷ľ硣
⼸ҲƷγرִĸֵеĹ
£رִи߲ʵϣ˵ʧԪҲһ˻ˡ
˵һʼǶڳƷиֻɣѾûˣȫԳƷǾһ㣬˭ǳƷ㣬ȫ֪ȫء


871 
ÿ˶õƷָ㣬ʵ˲СĽ̶µʱ䣬ܾͱԼʮջ
һЩԵ⣬ǳƷָĻʮֻ꣬ҲҲ֢ڵġ
Ʒָǵ⣬վ˸ݽ겵ĽǶָģЩżߵҲǲġ
˶֣ϾƷǻܻɱͨĸֵģּʵǺġ
Ȼǲ֪ͨĸ֣Ҳӵĳ̶ȣѾԽͨĸܹĵزˡ
ֻǲ֪Ϊġ
ƷվڳǽĿ뿪ѵصǧرִи߲㣬ҪָأϾرִڸ֮Узֲ
֮У˵ʵȻҲ˳ƷˣǰŸոͻƵأڣرִۺ̷쵤֮һٿ۷ľ磬еԲ
ֻҪٽһܹͻƽأǸʱʵͽһм
ʵҲﵽһȫµĲΣ
û֪ı仯ڰлԼʵȵع飬Ҳһˡ
֪ܶ˶ڵŽعʰԼȴ޾壬Ҳ·һ
һȴᶨĽŲеӰ
ողƱѾ͵ĸնˣ£һѵѾķǧڵʽرִļҵѾȫͿˣǷڵծ
ЩεĿųƷıӰ֮оҲΡ
֮УųƷһ֮رִʵɲֹȻŲ࣬Աرִʵ˵ʮ־ˡ
һ֮ڶ̶µʱھȫˣ˵ȥ˭ء
ԵǣرִĲѾȫˣϵʽѾʮڶûˣһĹ˾˵ȻǷǳӴˡ
رִȻ˵Ѿӽ;ˣͺͱûʲôˡ
Ʒȴû¶ʲôֵ飬ʱҪθǧ˵սȻܹ˵˵ˣû㹻Դ֧ţּѵûܼ
ĴҪأҲλУӦǵһҪأĸ䣬ûǮʲô䡣
ûϵܿǮ
ƷЦ˵
ˣʽ֧Ԯôʵ
ȻǣЩǷǸûˣ浱رִĲɣƷһЦ˵ģܿģ
˵ǧڵĻһҲǺķϣΪڸһ
ˣţöˣ
Ʒ˵ֱ꣬˳ǽ
Щѵ֮зأĥµرִи߲ڵõ˶ױˡ
ǱôãȻʵ˺ܶ࣬ǹֱ̼ǲǸĲʹˣֶҲ޻˵
û˸ҷְ֮ǰ˾Ѿ֪ˣǸͨĸֶն˵
мôŸɡ
Ҫ쾳ֵĻһоͿŪһ
ƷȻµʱ֮ûж֣ʱʱ͸¶ϢҲľսҷ
쵼˵Ļع飬صرִҲʼԱˣһЩȫҪˡ
ҶһҪŪЩ˵
ȫ֣ˣһŪǣ
˵Ȼһ֪óĶˣ
µرִʼ·һͷ˯˺ܾõޣ˲ѡ
˶رִͻȻжˣҪ֪ڴ֮ǰѾµرִѾ˸ˣһͻж漰ΧڵĴģж
ڣкպĴţɵ֮࣬ƣڵĳ֮Ҳһԣ˸ǡ
һ죬ٸ֣ϰ̨ʽͻȻ٣¡
ǸʶرִڵĵȷӦ˹ΧڵЩ֣ȻرִĲӡ
֮ǰرִĹǸʱ˭ûзϣֻһЦûرִҶʲô
Щֵǰ棬ǱˣǳƷͻˡ
ڣƷǰ޴ţ뵽˵õܳƷɵŮѣǱŪġ
ִѼ鱨֮УҲǣ֮Ψһһš
漰֮Ʒ˶ŭɶ
ƷҴɽţ
һȴ


872 
һʮӰֱӷӶһѾ嵽˳Ʒǰ
ʮӰÿһ϶ɢǿΣյϢһӾ͵رִ˵ǰ
һ۷壬һȺأ
Ʒ׵ľֱܹһȺǿĸ֣κһһĶ֡
ҲܹΪĺĺ͸
ƷʲôΪ׵ǸĶס˳Ʒ˷ŭ֮⣬ǻĳޡ
ЩѾˣնɱӵ˲ǱˣǰĳƷ
֮ƷΪͽҵĴսʧ꣬ٶȳ֮Ҳܿ죬ʧˡ
һĳ֣Ȼܹɱͨĸ֣ñһֱҪֻҧҳƷ鷳뷨
һֵͨ鷳ʮҲͨǿߵĶ֡
˭֪Ʒǵû̫ӵϣնɱ̫ӣ֮Ϊִβ
һΣ壬ֱرִŸɣڱģκβóƷҲҪ
Ͳˣ漰ôļţرִôӰô

ƷĸоǿҪزסɱ⣬룬Ҳ֪ԭˡ
ʲôƷЦţҪʲôرִ鵽İȻϰٶ԰йϵټҲҲôǹ֮ɹܲǵͷϣ
ƷңǱҧ˵Ҳᶯô
ƷֲмЦݣȻ󿪿˵Ҳ̫ˣʲôҪ㣿
ݶҧˣ費ӣӣΪԼǸڳƷûĴڡ
ǲ鵽Щ꣬ǧ˿ʧٰйϵи֣ɱˣаеİֵģҪִϵ飬ʣµͳͳвҵȫͣҵִĵ飡
Ʒ˵꣬Ϳʼϵ֡
ڵЩ߲ɫѾˣЩϵ֣ǣ˴ڵĸ߲㣬дԼټϻҪڵĲҵҪ֣׳н
ҪǣԼǳԼЩ꾿ʲô֮ǰƷõܳƷŮѵھǸ
֮ǰû˸ҲҲˣڳƷֱӴ˴ɵĸǰס
ʼץˣһһ˿ǵ죡Ʒ˵꣬ԱߵĻ˵
Ǹң
ͻȻˣɱ׼˵ĻУ̫֮ܣڶҪ㸲

Ʒһߣֱһ֣ʱһɿֲľ˳ֱɨ
أ
һӾ˵ٶȳȥͬߵķһ㣬Ʒһ˳ȥ
ݺˤ˵ϣعȫѣ⻹ǳƷˣĻһ͹Ҫˡ
ЩԭҲֵʱŵùǺ뷨Ǻ޷뿹ȿһ߲Ҳûˡ
ȵ߲Ŀɽֹܹرִжֻ˵رִĶ̫ˣһֲ
ߣϮͼ죬һͼ췴ȫˣԱȫߣҵҪ滹ж
ƷЦһȵľ˳ƽһˡ
Щڵĳϸͬɫ䣬ǴʱѾɲˣгƷôһɱôҷ
ղŸҷѾԼ֤˷رִǶĴ
û˸ٶȷȻڵԶԶرִҪ࣬ǴʱȴѾƷǣֱӱرִˡ
رִһ֮䣬ٳͻϮ֮֮ǰĸźͼ壬һʱ䣬߲㡣
һ֮䣬һҴʮʮСȫ⣬һ永ͳͳץرִ
永֮֮࣬ӣҲ˵ǰδеĳ̶ȣ˵ʮرִûôİˡ
һ˶ΪƷѾ˵£ͻȻչжͬ˵Ĳ²ģѡɱӺĲԣͳͳץˡ
˵һֻһʱ䣬


873 ǣһҹ
¾˶رִĴֱʸˣ˶û뵽ôõرִȻһӱôĶ
漰ôȫһ֮У㹻һѪ
Ȼ֮УҲһ˳ģҲвٵͼͼȵǵĿɽ֡
˶۾ǣǰһֱӦѾϵ˴߶սرִȻʵظˣðһƱĸ֡
ԾԵʵѹЩźͼķ
߲㶼ˣǺܶЩйϵЩ߹٣һ˳һȫˡ
Щѹȫʩӵ˳ƷߣƷǣЩ߹٣һλȨأڳƷǰʲô
ԽԽϸڱ¶ָһˡ
ƷֱãǸÿ춼¶һЩ鱨硣
ֶ԰¶Ҳһ»Ȼˣв֪˷Ѫ
Ѫۣ֤ȷ䣡
ҲݺݵĴ֮ǰҪԳƷʩѹҪ˵Щ߹ٵ档
ǣ㣬ȴûٸ˵Ʒ°Եˣ˽ڱҲ˵ʲô˶֪ЩѾ군ˡ
УΪصľǶǣѾ͸Щŵĸ߲㣬еѾŵĸ߲㳤ϣˡ
ЩǺǣԱ
رִܲڣƷİ칫֮Унһݸ˳Ʒ
ƷƲһۣȻ󿪿˵漰̵ЩˣҪڳȻọ̈̄ʣµˣ͸԰ղͬķɣ
׼ҪˣпųƷɵ˵УǸҸ߲㣬ֻ»𷴵
ûϵԸȥͿˣйᣬһﲻˡ
Ʒ˵֪һȥֻҪһƬȻˣǷ˲ԲЩµĿ޿κΡ
ڣȨգʵǿȻͬˡ
Ժ̵׷ٹҪڵһλץס̽٣Ϊʮ꣬ϣɱƽߣƷ
ڻǵõɽׯ֮ϣĿõ˺֮̽ĸײֻһѣõʱһСĳƷӡ̣ȻڣҲվ˺һ̨֮ˡ
ҲǵһƷĿȻ̽ǿͳ׷ѵʵɲ⣬ǵڵͨĸ֣Ҳû˭˵һܹ̽ġ
ƷһڱҪ̽Ŀ꣬ĸоɽ󰡡
ˣ
лǺܿعæ˵
ڣرִһִڽԴأʣµ˻ڣŻĵؿģֳ֮أ⼸νʮֺеġ
Щļ壬ŵĲƲȻҲرִУرִҲһҹ֮󷢺ơ
ƷյĲ񱨱Ҳɵ棬Ȼҹݲʣ޺Ʋ
֮ǰرִǧڵʽ𣬼ҪرִڿˣսЩţĲƲ֮ǮƾѾǧˣȫ֮ǰĿգһҹ֮䱩ˡ
رִҲֱͦˣһɨ⼸ǷϣǮ֣⡣
һ໽ҪٶȳҪǳƷţֻҪˣϾϿвٸҵ֤
֮ǰֻȱһǿͷ˶ѣڳƷǿƣǿϣ
رִ˵һҹǶ˵ȴһ֣֮ԴӳƷرִĲ֮رִͱĿʼһˣȫͲơ
֮ǰرִץˣҲһһץǳƷӣֱǳķģȴǰδеģҲ˸ͽܲ˳Ʒķ
ȻΣƷҲڵ춨Ҳû˸Сرִˡ
ҲûٸԿرִ˶ֵֿ֪³Ǳ壬֮⣬ûбĿԡ
ŷ֣֮ǰµĳĬҲǳƷĿģرִʵѵ֮ͻͽͬʱøҷɾ裬ֱӴһֲ
ЩΪӢʿͷβС˳ƷŪڹ֮䣬Ҳ̫ӰܹԳƷɵѹˡ
һʱ䣬Ʒ


874 Ǿ
رִϵõ춨Ҳû˸СرִҲû˸СĺĳƷ
һԵ˳Ʒϣǳ壬һɽҪʮϰʱ䣬Ҫȴ̫ˣ̶һҹ֮Ϳ԰쵽
Щ֮󣬳ƷпտʼչУ˵һжûбʵҪ
쾳ѾҪ۷壬ͷȫǱһ۷ľ硣
ϢƼǱ߱һöͨڵһѾ׼õҩģҪƷæͨԪ
ڵϻѪգ滹ǿȻƼҸովۼȫ֮һͷͨޡ
ԳҵֻʧҲСĶȥ˼궼ûг֣Ƽҵ˻رһγ֣Ϊ׵˱˼꣬߻վ˴߿Ƽڳɹ
ĻƼڵʵκβһͷͨĸֵġ
ΪƼӵһͨǿߣƼһҲǲϧһдˡ
һΣƷҲǸ棬ΪǸ˼ƵģоԵģҲòСġ
һµʱ֮УƷ㲻һֱһºͨԪ¯ڳء
ͨԪƼ֮󣬳ƷһصĻп첽˹
ڳˣ
ƷƲһۻУ˵ôˣ
ڸȵٸһЩʱٴͻƣȻʱ䣬ȴҲļ
쾳˵ǴλĽ׶ΣһļʲôôԺȻҪΪ˸ʹĴۡ
һִػĶӺӶţ⵽˴ССϰٴεͻϮԱǧӶ߸ϡʳڣ˵ȥǵʧ̫ˣ
Ʒһ£رִȷʵкܶػĶӺӶţΪһǿִţÿ˲žͲ֪ҪķѶʽû㹻ʽԴôܡ
رִ¾кܶ๫˾ĹɷݣֱƿصĹ˾Ҳкܶ࣬ػĶӣӶŵȸʤ
ػĶӺӶҲһֱرִһҪĲԴ
ʲôôıӵˣƷȵոճһ֮󣬾Ȼ˸̫ͷ϶
ˣİݻ̣˵
ƷԺ֮Уʱð˰ݻ̵ϣݻҲ֮ĳ֮һ۸߿Ƽûа취ڵİ˴ȵģ۸ȴ˿䣬νǸơ
ҲǺаԵɱ˽ٻ޶һƵͨǿߡ
괳ͳԳ׷ɱȻˣȻˣȴ˿Ϊ˭֪ͳһ֣Ѿһˡ
ǿȻ⣬Ʒ˵ɵ
ƷҪԸѪ̺Ͱݻ̱ǸС׼ˣݻһָͷѪ̣һϵĴڡ
ֻǰݻȻ񣬵ĵͷȴҷ
ûǴĻ֮ǰҿִдģݻ̺ߵĺܽƷ
ݻ̾˽ߣǱΪ̵꣬һұۣ˵
ƷͶˣնĵˣκй˷̨ϣ⡣
ǰݻȴͬȻͬвȴҪԸĶڲݻйֻ²
һЩ飬ȴѲסݻ̡
Ƿ̣һ³Ч˵̶ʮÿڣ֮УҲ˳Ʒ˺ܶݻ̵ÿںһЩĹ˾˼ʹϵȵȣ˳һˣ
б˵
ұʾˣ
Ʒʱ˰ݻ̵ͼڶ˵ݻ̶ݻ̾Ҫ˵رִ
ΪƷĴȻѾƻЩĬ
Ȼݻ⣬Χ֮ڣȴţ¿ԷβܣӱͻϮ޷رִҲĻ̡̻
ƷһЦݻ̽һϵϼһگңҵҪǲǴ浽ף
ֻ׾ͷЩĵ˵
ǾţݻѪծۣϧ֮ǰһֱûһֻɽһֻź壬Ȼûʰģȴͬеʱ䣡


875 ˵ţ
ݻ̵̳һһĸ߲㽨۴αȣֱĳһгƽͬȫǳſȵİݻ̵Ľͽ
̻Űݻ̻ͼԶԶԿھĻڶŰ֮УʱԿڣ֮еķ޴ߡ
һУЩݻͽҲѾϰˣֲ֣ǵϻżֿȵϢǰݻ̵̳Ҳаݻ̽ͽеľʥء
ʱݻ̳֮еĴʹϣʱӡ
Ϊ׵һԼĪʮģߣֻţһµơ
ֱߣһݻе۷ߣһߣһŶñӣû˿Ǿʲôˡ
´֮󣬱Ȼĺô
ǸñӿµߣȻԷµİݻ̽ƺҲǺںһ
˵꣬Ǹñת뿪˴ʹ
ֱ֮ߵߣݻ̴ſ˵°ˣЩҪҰݻ̵ǹʹã»ҪСһЩ
ܲôݻ̽ЦһЩһ˾ƵãҪǲ̫ˣǲԶˣ
ݻ̽ڵһվ˵ҾҪǸƷһѵ֪ʲô֣ʲô鲻֣أЩǰģȻҪ̻ʲôǹأ
⵹ǲʱ䣬̱˵ÿڣԪˣҲ˲٣Ǹرִ²ǿѵΪһ˿ԶԿôݻ̴˵
ǸƷǽѵ˼С壬СŶѣûףҪصĹأ
ݻ̽˵
Щͷô򵥵飡
ݻ̽磬Ҳѹûн·ϣҪѵѵǸرִСӣڸҸֺô֣˵ٺҲûˡ
ȻҲܿͱƻˣΪյرִگǸʼնûзĳƷȻҪȥмε飬Ļݻš
Ϊ˭
ݻ̽ŭɶɢĿֲԱߵİݻ̴϶ҿ
һëСӣͳҺô˵ǵ̫ˣ
ݻ̽һ˿һ
ҰݻţҵҪû£ҴȥȫֳҪնرִд֣
ݻ̴ϲ֪رִʲôگȻԼҽŭ˵زҲ֪һ㣬ҪζţǰݻҪرִȫ濪սˣɲ֮ǰֻ̽ԵĽ档
ܿ죬رִگ˰ݻ̵飬Ҳϲ㴫˿˶е㲻ףƷ⾿ʲô
֮ǰƷһϴڣرִǽԼˣǰݻ̿ɲڣҰݻ̵ƣ֮УҲǿ󣬱ɽׯҪ١
ݻ̽ƵͨǿߣƷگðݻ̽ѵΪͳô
ͳҲ鰡
ǻͷ˰ɣѵΪԼˣҪ˭˭Ҫ
ˣҪ֪ݻ̽ɲ֮ͬǰնɱ̫ӣƵͨĸ֣ͳκβ
ƷˣһҪˣ
˶ΪƷѾˣȻӵ飬˿ȻƷѾˡ
ͨǿ߸߸ϣ־ѾܶˣЩĸ֣ѱҲѹĹ
ݻ̽ǽŻбµĳƷһӱУһšԴ
ǸСӲֻһëûëͷСӣɱһαͨһտͨ˱Ϊ޵ˣ
ݻ̽ĻһӾʹ
ݻ̶رִֵĴҲԽԽƵۿȻ϶Ҫսˡ
һѻҲһ޴ۣϸƲһӣƷֱ˷˼⡣
ԸƷȴ˵ʲô
ڳƷگ֮󣬰ݻ̳ᣬһ֧Ѹײڶֱ֮˰ݻ̳
ʮսǧ̨ǵض
һֱʱ˲ŷӦƷ˵ţڿЦҪݻš


876 ֱϴɱ
ˣ֮ǰЦĻΪˣ˶û뵽ƷȻġ
֮ǰƷһźͼ壬˾ΪѾ¹ѻˡ
˭룬һȻͣ
ƷȻ붯˾ӣֹģľӵȻرִܹӵе
ǧ̨֮УƷһ֮ϵĶţĮԶѾٴһİݻ̳
˶رִǲ˭û뵽ƷǾȻܹöפ
һ˵رش飬פǲ׳ģÿһפǴ顣
һͨǿʣĴ顣
ôҡ֮˳ƷפҪݻţʱ㵵Ŀɿڴ
Ѿܾöûзˡ
ʵҪһҴʵ̫ˣǸҲͬСɣһֱмɵ˫γƽ⣬ײ᲻ƽ⡣
פ֣Ѿ״ܹܵĵˡ
ˣҪΪʸ֮ô
ˣǷˣôһҲһ𷢷裿
Ϣٵ߲㿪ʼĴһʯͷҽƽĺ棬һȫըˡ
УԲǼôȥˣ
ǹҹô˽£
֮ʶˣܼȥˣȻ֮ǰرִͰݻ֮ìƲ˭û뵽Ʒ־Ȼ˴ֱվ籾
ҲûеİرִͰݻƴһܾ˵Ĵ㡣
һǵĴȫˡ
Ʒôĵӣ
һɿֲͷ˳쾳ĸ֣ҪֲĶˣֲֿͷţսĻ״ҲʼЩҡƾƣѾӰ쵽н
ǿʵģͨǿߣҲûбˡ
ȻţһԼĪʮһӷ˳̤Ŷݹ⣬ٰݻ̳Ϸ
Ʒ㾹Ȼҳӣ֪ôζʲôô
ݻ̽־ŭĶųƷָųƷָ΢΢
Ϊһжƿ֮УƷΣ෴ģأóƷһ
˭֪Ʒ·ֱӾϴɱˡ
Ǵƣһĸըģ
һ仰ڵ飬Ǿǣ񾭲
ҵȻ֪Ķ͸òˣЩЭ˶ԼҲǲʱδƷȻ˵Ȼװݻ̽ʱŭ
ģ˵ҪţҪţ
ʵϣҲıѾˣҲףƽԪ˧ģôģıûּǩ֣Ȼǲܵġ
鷸ɻ䣬Ȼ֪̫ԸԽߣһ֮ԻôϳƷһǰݻЩţ̺ԽԽγɾ޴в
һǣ֮ǰɱļסӣǾɱһֻģǻûе
ԲֱܹӴ˰ݻһֲ
ųƷƵӣݻ̽һӾˣһʼϵˣƷگЦʵֻһѣƷѹûú̸顣
ûͳƷ̸ƷҲ뽫һ򾡣֮ԷǸگ޷Ǿǣû׼ΪƷҲǴڶѡ
˭룬Ʒʱ䣬ֱȥ˴ɱ
һΣΪǵЩڱƲĸͳͳƷˣ˸Ǻ
Ʒһô˭ҪǵĹϷ
ݻڽӣ־ܻҪԶԸ㣡
Ʒ˵
飡ݻ̽˳ƷĴ㣬ڴѹֱݻ̳赲ס
ʱݻҲֱӻΪҽѪӻΪС
ֻһ취³ƷĿ˵ġ
㣬
ݻ̽һӱˣȫµϢ˲䣬ݻ̳
Щݻ̵ͽǵĽɵ÷׷ȥڿһһεϴԣˣǵĽ
պãҲ㣡
ƷŰݻ̽ȷʵʵݻ̽ͷɻڸͲһϵĴڣ̫Ӿ͸ȫᲢˡ
ǰ߹ͳͳѹ
䣡
ݻ̽ȳ֣ͨһ˲䣬Ļ۶ɣ֮г̫


877 ѹݻ̽
֮У۳򣬴ſֲϢںХ
γ˿ֲľ棬ܹ֧൱в
ݻ̽ʵʵˣ
Щ棬һ㣬سųƷ
С
Ʒһȭȥȭһ㣬ϯЩĻ棬ڳƷһȭ֮£ޡ
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һֲıը֮ը˿˶ڹעһͨս
֮Уһһŵȫ˹ĸ߲֮УҲɫصĿųƷݻ֮̽ս
Ʒ̫дˣ԰ݻ̽ʵҲǶ֣
̫ˣ
ҿƷҲʲôǵģ֪Ҫʱ򣬻᲻ᶯú˵
۷׷ףڴʱݻ̽Ȼһ̤һ󣬻Ȼ֮˿һɲǼ䣬һȾͷ·̤ƬֱӳųƷ˹
һɲǼ䣬ݻ̽һ޴Ļ£ܹһиû
ǸǻôȻ棬۷壬ܹһ
ڰݻ̽Ȼδ۷壬ͬʮ־ˣ
Ʒһж赲ɣ
Ʒüͷһһ޴ĻѾɱ˹ѧ⾳ľһȥһɽ嶼߳ɷĩ
Ϊֲģ
ƷͬХһȫѪӿѪ۳
ʲôʣѪȻֵز
ֲֿı֣ڹۿ˴սĸĸ߲㶼ˣ˶֪Ʒδͨľ磬ҲΪ˲Եÿֲ
δͨľȻֻƾѪܹ˾˵ľ󣬳Ʒ֮ǿҲǺˡ
һǳŴʧ幦ȻôǿҪ֪δһߣ
ƷѪȫȻһȭ˳ȥֲȭڰ֮л˷Ʒ嵱ջһֻ޴չȻʮףǾ޴κϢء
ǳƷȭ⻯ˣֱӻһͷ޴ޱȵĽ
䣡
ɫӽɫĽײһȻûǰ㣬ɱֻһ˲䣬һɫͱײķˣڰ֮Ա˿Ļ񳱣˷
ʱУ¶˰ݻ̽ΣҲͬŵ飬ԼĻ˫ȻƷĽһײͻҷ
һȫƷ˵ĸоϵĿơ
䣡
ƷɵĽɨţٶȿһɫ磬ݻ̽޷ͱС
أ
ݻ̽һҽУײһݺײ˵ϣֱײ˰ݻ̵̳֮С
ʱһֻʧ¶˳ƷΣȴֻЦſŰݻֻ̽ǵ˵һ
ݻ̽ʵȷʵȷɻڸҪǿϺܶ࣬ǿһΣʵѾ۷ĳƷʱȴ˲һ
ʱͨǻۿսĸ֮Ⱥ±ơ
һжѣܣôǿӣ
ݻ̽Ķ֣ǿͨľ磬ǻ˵ã
ˣһҪһˣ
Щݻ̵ĽͽǷ׷ɵۣҲ뵽Ϊ羴һİݻ̽Ȼһȭ졣
·е񣬱̳һ
𣡡
һ޴ޱȣ·޺һӰݻ̳֮б˳žֻһɫӰֻǰݻ̽
ֻǴʱǰݻ̽ѾĲˣȫȼŻ棬ղűƷһȭشĵطȼյĻá
ʱݻ̽ϾȻҰ޵ϢղžȻҪǿʢϺܶࡣ
ǸôƷݻ̽Ѿˣݻ̽϶Ƕ˸죬Ż˲˹ӡ
𣡡
ݻ̽ţֱӳɱ˳ƷûһУ񱩵Ĺһ˲䣬Ȼϰȣϰٻɫһ˲ͽƷûˡ
ƷҪ˰ɣĽݻ̽ëˣʬǶ治ˣ
ͷðӵ뷨Ȼأȴһֻɫ𣬽ţһֻ̽Ļ汻ޡ
һֻɫһͽЩɫ˽ȥ
һȭͷȻһɨ˰ݻ̽ǰݻ̽һҽУȼյĻҲʧΣ»ΣƷϡ
һʱ䣬ȫţ


878 ʷϵһеͨ
˶ɵһĿųƷ߸ϵĳƷѾİݻ̽Ǹʱ̣·һ㡣
ðŷӦ˹ը˹һ
ܣݻ̽ôܾױˣ
Ҳţ
˭Ƶס
˶оˣЩƷг˵Ʒǿ󣬼ֱ֮֡
һֱڹעһսĽҸ߲㣬ȫԶ˱˴֮е𾪡
Ļ֮ǰеĹƶģ²Ϊʲôҩʲôڵزűǿֻ¾ʵżֿɬ˵Ƕú˵Ҳδܹκεʱ򣬳ع飬ֻǶκβ
ӦòϧһдŪˣѳɣҪ֣¾ˣ
гϲΡΡ˵⻹δͨ磬ͨľ磬òᣬ涼Ķְɣ
ܣʲôƷ꣬Ӵ̥ͿʼҲôǿģ̾ͷˣֻ֮УҲôţʵǳƷ̫ˡ
⣬𾪵ĿһУǺܶ˾ãҪ¹һ³Ʒˣٽֻǵոտֲͨˡ
ϾͬΪͨ磬ʵҲر
Ʒ֪ľǶڿһУҪģ
Űİݻ̽Ȼ˵ǣߣɱ
ʮսȥȫʼжˣǧŴȫţֲֿĵ⣬ڵֱӳŰݻ̳кȥ
ݻ̳֮ȻŰݻ̽õĸֽ磬վ޷ֵסһɿֲĹ̼ܿ죬еķʩױ׷ӿ룬ɱ˰ݻ̳֮С
һսͳҲǳ˼Сʱѣݻ̳ͳ䣬ֻʣǵķҲɲʲô̫в
ûͨݻ˵ֻбѹķݡ
ƷֱŰݻ̽
Ʒܰݻ̽ݰݻ̳ϢҲһҹ֮侪
һͨǿĳӳ׸ˣǰ󲻹Сʱʱѡ
ӵĿֲ׽Щסˡ
ǳĵ㸲Ҳֻһ˲ѡ
Ҳע⵽ˣ򣬾Ȼֻǰݻ̽ӳƷگΪԭ򣬾˼š
ƷĺǿֶΣҲľս
ֻһĸ߲֪ƷǡѣԽԽңкܶҪаݻ̽ıȽϻʵġ
ȻͳɱӺõѡ
ЩͬҲɽ庣壬ʥء
û뵽ʵȻôǿ
һʥŵĳ֪֮ҲɵóĬˡ
֮ǰļƻҪ޸ˣ
巽棬ԭһֱúܻЩˣҲһӳˣ·ǱĹжŵˣ˭ҲԸΪһԵĶ
һʱ䣬ĸȻĬˡ
ȻǳĬãһϢ߲㡣
ݻ̽ڳƷϲûǱƷϳ书ȻҪй
Ϣ߲㣬׺䶯ˡ
Ϊʼûйһֲεĸֱеء
ûսͨǿߣնɱҲ٣Ƕڸ߲֮еս
ȻǳƷӰεĸ󣬽е֮ڵģȴǰδе顣
ô飬ˣ
ĸ߲㶼׷ˣƷɱ˰ݻ̽Ҳɱˣһ˰ˡ
ȻѰݻ̽ץʲôǼ̤ͨǿߵϡ
ĸֿսԱɱǲӱ֮󱻴
ЩܹչͨǿߵĳȻǿڳƷǽһߴصƤ˺
ʲôƨڻҪԹԽܷɵƲá
ʱҲعͨĸֲʲôҲֻһǿĸֶѣսᱻץһҪɵ
ֵĸ߹Ѫͳ͵ͳҲһҹ֮


879 ݻ̽䶯
ĸ߲㶼Щܲת䣬Ȼ˵ܹܵˣͨƺҲͨĸָ߸ϲԼ
ҲûԼЩˡ
ͬҲǸ߸ϵģۣЩͨĸֵĺ˻ߵӣȻҲǺڲͬġ
ڳƷһصɴ˺֮ܵӰˣǱˣЩˡ
ڳƷҪаݻ߲֮̽㶼ˡ
ԲôΪΪȥˣ
߸Ĺô
ֱ޷죬Ҫ취ֹˣ
Щ߲㲻ͬ󲿷ͨ˶Դ˶ǳͬģǵԽԽڰݻ̵Ϣ¶֮ϿνȺ鼤ܡ
¶Ϣݻֱ̼飬ȫݻȫɱ˶ûһ޹ģЩݻ̵Ľͽȫǰݻ̽ĿͽѾȫϴԣɱ飬޶
϶ҪУȻЩ˵һʱ䣬졣
Ⱥ鼤ܣ֮£ҲͬǸֵս
ΪһεľˣƷٵѹ֪󲿷ֵĳ̶ͬȵıҪݻ̽ûйϵǲܱк
Ҫֵĵߣ
ƷԴˣҲǳţֱԱչص壬ֱӽȰ˵˶⡣
֮󣬰ݻ֮̽󣬴ձ㱻㴦ˡ
ϢȻԤڣ⻹ʷϵһͨĸֱУɵӰ֮ױȡ
ķӣֻӵǿµõȷƷʵҲ˲Ʒδͨ磬Ѿǿƣһͨ磬ôֱ롣
֮󣬱һһеõȷϵİݻ̽ͽݻ̽ͽһΣ˺֣ͳͳһû
Щȵڽ̷ӣĲȶأϴ֮Ѿһȫͬˡ
ҲƷ˷˼⣬ͬʱҲ˵һ֪ˣƷĺ͵졣
ڴ˰ݻ̽ͬһ죬˶ΪƷչصʱ򣬳ƷȴףƽԪ˧ͨ
ֱҲǹˣ
Ƶһͷףƽɳϣ϶һ豭һڲ裬ЦųƷ˵
⻹ǶлԪ˧֣
ƷҲﻰƾִһҵаɱһ߽߳رִҲʧء
رִĳǶԸ֣Ҫ˵򹥼սÿӵ
ҲҪУҲ׳֣ĻЩ˾͸ŵˣʵģףƽЦ˵֮ҲмְȻһܹ֮ŵסôС
ҪСģЩ˿϶ưոݵģЩ˰ȨⲻǰǵƤôףƽ˵ڵֻͨضĶ˰ɣ
Ʒ˵ͷͨ־أÿһʵ޴֮ǰɻڸֻǸոտͨһضѣ̫Ҳǿֶο硣
ݻ̽ͲͬˣһƵͨĸ֣ΪѾͨء
ʵȷɻڸֹǿһ㣬ֻϧ˳Ʒʵ۷֮ѰͨظĶ֡

ףƽ䶯һ£³֡
Ҵδ쾳ܹͨģͳҲףƽϿ˴ͳӰӣ£ڴƳ棬һǸҲ̫ĺˣҵʲôҺܿ㣬δδزΪһͳ
ףƽڳƷȻ˵Ƿǳߵģͳһ֣˵ƷлΪһһ֡
ƷֻЦЦ˵Դͳ𾴣ҾңҲһ˭
Ʒŵ˵еʵļ䣬δضҪߵıȴͳҪԶ
ãһƷ
ףƽֻ֮֮ɫ
ҲҪСģڵʵ˵Ȼǿ⣬ܹԸ˻вٵģԽ˵ΪѾͨ۷壬ңҲԻʤףƽߵżõ˵ʲôĻܾܿͻͻƵͨأҪСģͨصĸַǳֲ⣬ɽ壬ʥصȣܹﵽ˶Ǻܶ࣡
һǶͻɱ֣ĴͺΣˣ


880 ɽͼ󱦿
֮ǰ˼ɴͳĴڣ֣ȻڣͳѾʧˣûʲôɵģףƽ
֪
Ʒ˵֮ǰʦ뽭һսǿûͻɱ֣ȷ˴ͳȷʵʧ֮̾ͶԵʦΧɱ֪ʦǷѾ䡣
û˴ͳɽѹͷϣ±ȻĲ޷죬֮ǰǰпơ
ƷδػȵżףƽɣպҲΪ´󹦣ݻ̽ͨǰеҪԪ˧ݣȨˣ󱦿֮Уѡһ
󱦿⣿Ʒǰʱһ󱦿Ķ׵ʱ˵󱦿⣬ĴţвӳŴżϷֵķһóǼֵǵı
Ҫ󱦿ֻеõͳȨſԣڴͳҲˣν¼Ȩǰ׶һˣ˴ȥģ
ףƽԪ˧˵
ЩϼһܹΪģҲֻЩˣ
ƷѾˣлԪ˧
֮˸Ĺâʱֻ֣ܳԴеˣȻ˫ֻһǾͽɡ
ص˺ףƽԪ˧֮ͨ󣬳Ʒ̾ǰ׶Уʱ绹Ϊرִ˰ݻֵ̽ķз˵עȥˣûע⵽Ʒĵ
׶֮󣬺ܿ˽Ʒ˲׶кĵشе󱦿Ⲣǽڵϣǽڵһٶס
ŵһ·£ܿ죬˵ײ㣬Ⱦ޴ޱȵĽŻڳƷǰ򿪡
ʱһı䣬һı
ʱأƷڵɽͼͻȻһӷ˳Щɢı۲ɢڱ֮УڱɽͼȻȫȥ
Ʒʱоɽͼ֮УԭѾкܾûչĿռ䣬ͻȻһӾչ˿һɽ˳ƷǰһɽޱߣֻǴ󲿷ֶ֮УֻһСɽͷ©˳ֻһСֱΡ׳һ̾Ϊֹĸо
ɽ·һӿĴӣδ֪նֱӿδ֪ֻһСܹƷ
ɽȻɽͼĿռ䲻ֻɵһƬ
Ʒʱʹӵʵļ֮ҵˣһɽһʵɽͼĺġ
ɽͼǵʼҪĹܲսҲǺйصģһɽΪҩɽڵ굤۷ʱ򣬱ҩɽֲҩÿһ궼֮Ѱ֡
ⱦҩɽֲҩ࣬ɳٶɳٶȵʮʮϡ
ҲһǴѰıֻҪṩܹ࣬һҹ֮ʹһҩġ
֮⣬ܶҩŸָĿҪеҪڱѩ֮УеڼΪȵĻɽ֮У̵ֿҪ
ⱦҩɽϣȴҩɽԶתҩҪĸֻ
ʦ˵ֱ㲻ʦһȥҲ޴ĺ䶯
ΪԽҩģԽѵãںܶػĶӣӶؽݵȥѰҸָҩģҪָΣգȫûǺܳ顣
ձҩɽĳƷȴֻͬҪӣѸٴ졣
ڱҩɽµһҲͬ죬ΪԽҪƸ߼ĵҩˮвͬҪʲô޸֮ˮ徻֮ˮвͬĹЧ
һӴӵʼе֪ǽԴӣһǵʵǧ࣬޾ŵģɽͼ֮С
ҪʲôˮԴˮԽⲻֻҪˮϵѧܹͨȫ°빦չ١
νɽͼһɽָľǱҩɽһָľԴӡ
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Ʒ¶˿ϲɫȻڻֻԻ˱ҩɽԴӵһǶѣãѾˡ
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882 Χ˭ɱ˭һأ
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ƵƺҲ˵һЩ⣬ΪܿҳһƬܲޱĺ򾿾ʲôط
޾֮жʮģױһƬĺϣ֮ڷڣͨĸҲᴳУΪƺǿĴųӦԽǿĸֽУٵҲԽǿֲ
һͨĸִȥûþǱӴܶˣЩ档
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ħ˼ͼа֪˶˵Թ;Ѫǿаħ˼ͼ̶ֳȵаֻҪ澭һȦϴϾͻ֮ĺһʱ̾ͻ᳹׻Ϊޡ
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ƷϾͽɽͼĿռ֮УɽͼĿռ֮ս˲ڻˣֲĻ˲һС
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Ӱ̽Ʒʱϳǰӣرִ֮رִ鱨˵ȻöԸͨĸжô˽⣬ǽֻòĻǺ׷ֱġ
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Ӱ̣ҲǲˣͰݻ̽һôƷЦſƾҲҳǰǲ֪
Ӱ̽ԶȻȴڳƷͰݻ̽ҲһĶѡ
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û뵽ԼȻôģֱ̫ˡ
һͨĸֻδȫԼĹâ˳Ʒϡ

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һߣκҵǸҲͬˣʣһ޴ޱȵӭǣζն룬֮ƳųƷնȥ
ͨصĸһ֣ǳԽ޵ĹȻ
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ʱǳףΪʲô֮ǰݻ̽ڳƷǰֵ˲һˣ˫ͲһϵĴڡ
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һͷ޴ޱȵޣȫ¶һۼ֮У·ܹضɢ
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֮ǰ˼ӽ֮гκ϶رˣֻޱߵķ꣬˷ǽֻסһʱ䣬ǻǹġ

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̶̵ʱ䣬ƷѾκǰˣȶ򣬷״ٶȼ졣
Ȼһ׷κǰ
ǰж½أ׷ĸͨĴڽŰΧ
κһӾʹӴ˾
ƷӺԣ㲻к³ģΪѾ޵𣿡κͼƷˡ
ҲֲģжҾɱˣһɱһһ˫ɱһ˫
Ʒ˵һ·Ѿ׼ˣϢսֹ
Ʒ䣬κѾˣгľͳųƷնȥѡԳƷǿֻлɱƷпܻ뿪ȻԳƷٶȣӵ
κȫķȫ˿֮Ѫ֮У·˳һ㣬о޴ĺ
âѿ˲񷣬һ磬ųƷն
һ׵ҲǼΪĵزԴͨһ˲䣬ؾҵĲ
âһɲǼ䣬ͻһɽһ㣬ܹһУɽɢһ˵ĹâɱǿС
ƷһӴ޵ıϷ𣬽ţָȭֱӺ˳ȥ
ȭڰ֮лһֻɫĽ񣬴շ𣬾޴ĳɨһɽͽһɽƬ
źǾ˵ĵâ
أأأ
âһһı鿪ն·һ˲䣬ˡ
ɫĽΪؼΨһĹԴ
䣡
һ֮¶κΣκֱۡءһը˿նڱըֲ˼£Ѫꡣ
ںͳƷƴУ˴
⣡
κˣҵʹȫڳ鴤֮иľ֣ȻԤϣǳƷΪȴĻҪˡ
֮һһ㳯ԶȥȻݺݲɽһɽ֮ϣ˾ҵıը
ֻһѣκͼΪˡ
κһƵ˾·ϣҲһˣȫĹһֱֻϣһֱֻԽԽһ޴ĥһ
Ʒǲܣͬһȭ̵ľͽκֱ۵飬Ϊϣ˫Ĳʵ̫ˡ
ֱһһ¡
һƿκĹ֮󣬳ƷķҲӰΣֱһ˳һ̤κؿڡ
أ
κؿֱӱһ󶴣κ˳ȥȻݺݵ䵽˵ϣ嶼飬Ҫվ޷


898 赭дװ
κĲһƼ֮Χǵõ˽
ȻսӰ죬Ÿոտʼ͹Գ
֮ǰƷȻնɱͨĸ֣ǻ϶ǳͨˣȻһΧƼҵˣκһԲˡ
ʵǿκһ֮ǰͳƷֹЩˡ
ȻھȻͳͳƷնɱ̸Ͼʲôս
ȫɱ
ЩԳƷʱ򣬼ֱǱŰɱ
ǰ󲻹һѣһ֮УƷʵֱͻͽһı仯
ʵڵĳƷ㲻޵УǱǱˡ
ǱȳƷһͨ˼꣬еķûôߡ
ԭܼ򵥣Ϊǿ˼ȻҲţͺͳƷ£ȴѾͨȻʵϵвԣԶԶȲƷ
˼ȻͻƾѾչֳ˾˵սشţǺͳƷɱţңκ˵սԵòˡ
ǲ֪˼˵нٶ֮죬Ҳᳬǵ󣬾ȲƷҲǵĸ֡
ǵУвģȻǳƷƫƫµǣƷδͨһͨ¼仹жٵֱ֣
ҳƷ֮ǰʶǿȫͬڳƷ˵ƺʲôĸ
ǶֵģȻһĶûУһɸϾɱ
˲µģأҲ棬ǺΪеˣҪ᲻ʹ
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նɱκң֮󣬳Ʒͨ˼Ĵ֮£ֱӽƼĴʹ֮С
ʱƼ£ʿǣ˼ͨ磬ƼٶػڻڷƮҡ֮еƼ˵Ƕ롣
˼ͻᣬʮͷδǰ;ֱѾǴӣ˼ȡ
ֻǰʱ䣬ʮ֮˼ֻѾǵĸ֣˴ҳ˳֮⣬涼ѾӣֻδܰùʮԺˡ
ƼңδĻԻͣǿԤϵˣƼҵǿ󣬾Щʵʺô
ϲϲҳȥһˣͶͨĸ֣££
ʹ֮УƷΪ֮ϣЦ˵
ȻͨԪ˵ͻֻ˳ˮ۶ѣµĻΪ󣬶˼ʣʵȻУҪҲɿ磬ͬס
⻹ҪлˣȻҴҲл磡
ºЦ˵Ⲣ˵ͬԼ˵ûǺѿͨġ
ҲδأԽԽǿÿʱÿ̶ڽҲǲʵٶǰ쾳綼ҪͻͨҲû̫ķֱ𣬶ÿ쾳߾Ͳ֪ж٣ķչٶ˵ǰ·ͨҲɺ쾳һģƷȫͬĿ
ķչٶȣԽԽ˿ͨľ磬ͨҲôѡ
ôӳģ¶˶֮ʵ
ӣƷ΢΢һҿɲӳģǽȫɱ֮뿪ģ
ôܣƺȫţ˵һΣ̽ȥˣ
ǳԭΪƷ»زĸԭ˵ˣƷмʤ㣬ô̽͸κʤˡ
ԭЩ˽Ҳֻڱ棬ûпͨ磬ܶ鶼˽⡣
ǿ֮֮ˣԼ֮ǰ뷨жôǳ
֮ͨҲǿ֣֮󣬳˴ͳΪµһּǹϵ֮⣬̽Ҳǹϵǿĸһ֮еһ
Ѿͨأѷ֣
ּĸ֣˵ֻ켶ĳƷˣֻҲ·һ
ͨĸֺɱǲǲɱ
ǳƷʾˣʵһǿһزɱͨõֲ¡
ϧˣұ˭֪û̽ˣƷЩϧ˵ϧǣֻشû´ҪĺûͲˣ
ЩĿųƷƷ˵赭дֻ̽һ֪Сɫһ˭֪̽һʲô
ǾǵУ
Ȼش̽Ϣһȥֻ˶Ҫˣ


899 һһ
ûɱǿϧˣƷ˵
ųƷݵӣ·ˣΪ̫֪̽һʲôĴˣش̽һȥ
֪ʱսʲôҲֻ̽±شĺء
ԭܼ򵥣̽㹻սܷ߳Ʒ
ڳƷܶѾ˵һЩʲôˡ
ҲЩ棬ƷƾʲôȻܹش̽ʵȻʱƷչֳʵѾ㹻ˣܸоǱȲ̽
δһߡ
ûҵ֪ڽӦǸոս̫ǸżᣡµǰǼڽǱǱߵõϢȴûٶȳ֣׼ʲôıƣ
ȷʵĿԣ˼꿪˵Ϊر֪ҲˣȻѾ֪ˣô²ưոݣ
Ʒ˵ͷر֪ģ֮ǰĵʦȷ˴ͳʧ֮󣬽̾һȺ˽ɱʦԴ
ڳƷϳôĿưոݡ
ڰǷǴ⣬һҪϺ
Ʒ˵
ڳƷ˵ĸ󻼣Ҫ̽вǽϰ²ֶΣҪնݳſԡ
ҪСģ˵ˣһνż֮дںܿǶȥˣֻһҪһͨصһˣǸʱ򣬲ƴƣµĵ˵
֮еͨ˵ͨһߣָֺͨͨͶ֮ͨĲࡣ
ҳ˽֮⣬ֻ˶㲻Ļкܶ࣡
ЩЦĿųƷΪƷ֮ǰľٶ˵ǽеͨĸֶ˸ɾ
Ʒǲ⣬ֱӿ˵ЩǸ߸ϵʱ̫ˣѾʲôǷִˣ
ȻǶǾ͸һᣬʱ˭˭˭Ʒ˵ţ֮˸Ĺâ
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󲿷ͨĸֵɺ͵жԣƷǸûҪͷȡǵֺ֧½⣬ֱ˭˭
Ǽ򵥴ֱǲ֪ΪʲôȴмѪڵĸоӺɷˣûյһĵزȴЩ⡣
ȻǸϺ겻ϳ֣ǾֺˣƷ˵
ô˼һ˫ųƷƺѾЩµ˳Ʒ뷨
ʱ䣬ǾͰҪͻͨ鴫ȥƷ˵
ɵõһ
ΪѾˣƷʲôˡ
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ٿƷֱ֪ƷԻ·ôģһΪ˱֤ɹͻƵʱôҪͻƵʱǾԲñ֪ģܶౣܾͶౣܡ
ҲǹˣȻף쾳ҪͻƵͨ磬Ҫٵѡ
˵һСľͿǰ£ƷǵûбܣҪ֮ҪЩڰЩһȫðͷ
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ľǲɵõһҲòϣƷֱʼֱľˡ
⻼Ҳûʱ䣬һһȥԸЩˣõİ취ȻԼˣ
Ʒ˵ȻǾ˼ǵ飬ͻƣһõĶһȫ
治֣ô죿˼꿪˵
Ʒ˶٣ȻҲνҴﵽͨˣͻƵͨҲһҪ޷һһ㣡
Ȼأҵĵʦ֣ǾͱҲˣ
µûٿǿǣ̫ΣգʱĲֹһͨĸֻ֣»ἫΣգ
Ʒҡҡͷ˵Ѿǲлģ
ǺðɣҰ㣡µ֪ͨ棬Գ֣վʹĶˣټƼһͷޣĸͨ磬վʹĶˣ
Ʒ΢΢ж֪Σգǳ»޷˵İȷʵǿɽѡ
İɣж֮ǰһȫ׼ģһսҪôҪôҪȫʤ
Ʒŵ˵


900 𶯣
ڳƷ֮ʱȴΪƷĻع飬˾κˡ
ܿ죬̽Դ켸ͨĸȥɱƷϢҲ˳
˶ܺƷôѵġ
ȻܿǾ֪ˣˣƷѵģش̽̽·ӣͨĸȫû֮󷽷뿪ġ
Ϣһʼûŵģ˵ûԸţϾ̽ȣƷʵ˵Ҫ̫Զˡ
һսȻһ˿ûԺܿͱ۳˵ʱ
ټһЩĻ棬˵ȫӡ֤˵
һʱ䣬
̽Ҳشˣϧûɱ̽
̽ʵ̫ˣϧˣȻˣ
Ҫһô
ϣ󲿷˶ԳƷش̽һʱû취˷˶׷׽кá
Ƕĸ߲˵ƷǿȴδʲôϢ
ôôǿ󣡡
լ֮УҼҧ˵Ѿŭ˼¡
ڷŭ֮Уܵһ˿־壬ƷͻȻ𣬶˵һ𺳣û֪Ϊʲô̶ʱڣƷǿӡ
ͻ֮ˣ
֮˸һĹâ
أĸնһϢϣһ֮ȴ¶˼־ϲ顣
Ʒˣ
ŸնϴϢƷȻѰһطѰͻơ
ڳƷΪ˵ֻѾ۷ˣҪһͻƣҲѾˣֻͨ硣
һͻƵͨʱ򣬿ܾΪΣյʱһ˿ͿܱΪͬͨڴ֮Уǿľ߷ȫǱܣͨ
һСģͻ
ѰҳƷͻƵʱ򣬶ڱҵˡ
ƷһҪ֮أ
˵
»ųƷɱķϢĸ߲֮Уȴʼ˳ƷѰͻͨ顣
ЩϢʮֵأվǱЩ˵õˡ
ЩƷ˳۵˵ʣһǧѷĺûᡣ
ԭЩڳƷĴҲʧˣ·һҹ֮䣬û˷ԳƷһ㣬˽˶֪ЩƷķɣʧˣǱˡ
һһǱȴųƷѰͻƵһ죬ֱӸһĹ
ҪͻƵϢȻִͳҺƼͷųȥģЩΪԼõصϢȻȴ֪ЩʼգɳƷٿصģڳƷƿ֮С
ڸִϵʱ򣬱˷˼ĳƷûҪ͵µ˼෴ģֱӽرִһ֮ǰɱԼ
Ӱ̽Ȼ˵һĸ֣ʥκҵĸ֣ټ̽
ݿײУˣ˶ԳƷܹ֮Ѷоޱ𾪡
ƷնɱĹţκңҲͲʲôˡ
ȻƷϮɱ߹٣رִΪɣǶС
в֪ŵĵȻ˵û֪Ҳˣ޷׷顣
̱УȻ˵һ壬޾֮УҲ޷뵽ǱߣȻҲӰ첻һ塣
ͬʱ⻥ϣвٹһͷĸֽƷɱһĸ֣Ҫۡ
ȻҲϵļҳͻͿһ岻ˬˣѵֻܱıɱֶô
ӰȻʥκҺӰ̣ӰȻû˵ûͨĽ֮ѾưԵĳѰ
ڳƷһͬʱرִһ֧Ӱ̤ƽûͨӰȻҲСǺܿͱѹЩҶΪ֮ͽӹ᳹Ϸָ
һϾɱ
ˣ̳꣬޷죬аԵһ̾ʹ䡣
˲ɵޱ𺳣Щ޷֮ͽƷλһʱ䣬̣Щ޷֮ͽ͸ɱһ֣ײϣ·һ
һʱ䣬Ʒ߲ΪɵĴڣû֮һ
óӰ֮⣬ܵ޴Ӱľʥκҡ


901 չأս
ʥһֱҰģ˾֪˶֪
ڣʥκҺ̳Ϲϵ໥˹ᣬ˵ǷǳԽܵ顣
ǲݵĳУκҾȻйϵκһӾˡ
ԭʥҪȻкܶᣬҲи˲⣬֮еļ壬Ѿܶˣ༸Ρ
Ȼᣬµ˶޷ܵġ
иĽ֮У̱ʮĳУͳ壬ܽܵ顣
˶̵ɽ֮еһöӣ޲ý֮ɱɾ
κҾȻкϢһ̾Ȼ󲨡
һƬƷֱӷų֤ݣøն¼Ƶ
ȻƵֻмʮӣѾ㹻ˣκһ̽
Ǳץʵˣκֽɱرִ߹٣κҼҪƱҲûа취ġ
һʱ䣬κҾͳֵĶǿѹκڼǿҲûа취ܵסġ
һʮϰͨ˵ķԺ͵κҶϣֵʱ򣬾ͻγһµ
û˿˵֣ؽ磬һɽ֮ϣʥκʱĽ֮֮С
һȺκҵĳڽʲô
ѾϢˣһΣΨȽԲΪ谭
µҲֻܷˣ
ǳƷԲܷŹκҪ֮ϣǾԲܷŹ
ʲôЦƶȣȻͨѡЩ֮ϣ
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Щκҵĳϸ˵
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ڳƷųһƵ֮κҺܿ˷Ӧܿκҵĳϳ壬ǸΧɱƷˣκҵͽһѾκңǸκҵ˼
κǼվһģԲ
Ȼûж׵飬κվͣҲûվҪõĶࡣ
֮УҲһֻ֣ƶһУģ˵߾ͱתˡ
ڵķŭǺܿ£ͬҲǽģ
ܿ죬˵ĻⶼƷ˹ȥǴƵǶ̶̵ʱгֵƷܹѣɱѾǲ˼漣ˡ
˶۳Ʒʱ򣬲֪ʱѾǰӿв֪ڵȴųƷͻƵһ̡
Ϊ¼ģĿĳƷȴǸ죬رִʼѼͨԪҩġ
ҩѾˣһöͨص޵ڵ
ڵȨ˵Ҫҩģһ仰ѣǼĺôˣԴϵķḻ̶ȣܹġ
ҲҪΪ֪˶ڵͻƣȵͻƵʱ򣬲Ż֣ʵ˵ͨصĸָĶ֣Ųܺ
ͨصĸ֣ƷҲ˵Աǣ
ҲΪһսȫ׼һսԽЩĲسĨƽ
żرִʵ˵ҪѼЩҩĲѣοرִڳƷĴ֮£ֳ壬ֱ̾ӸңȻһʤʵҪָʣµĲ㹻رִԵ
رִڶ̶ʱ䣬ƷƵʱʵǿһϣƷرִҲǿǰǡ
˳ƷԸȥ飬ں̵ܶʱ֮ھ͵õ˹᳹
ڸҩĶеʱ򣬳ƷҲƣʼҪչһʱ䣬ûжƷҪչظʲô
Ƕںܶһֱڵȴ˵Ƕףˡ
ڵȵˣͻƵʱ򣬾ڣ
һʱ䣡
ȫˣ
Ʒαչرִ֮Уûע⣬˶ֻƷһѰıչء
ƷΪ˴ݾߣҲûиˣȻһƬɵĻ֮£ȴ˫ӵ۾
ʱĹȥһĿսչ¡


902 ͻƣս
رִܲĻ֮Уһ޴ޱȵ֮Уһ޴ޱȵ¯У¯Աߣҩݡ
һ֮УŵģǸһĸֵڵɢһֱԡ
ַĲǿƷ֮ǰõЩڵϡ
Կʼˣ
ڳƷԱߣһռѷ죬ڿռѷһߣɽͼĿռ֮С
Ѿȫ䱸ʱ׼֡
Щ˻ΪܹڳƷͨʱ򣬴ܷɡ
ȴ֪ƷͻƵĵصɽͼ֮У㱻ǴرִĻأҲܶκӰ졣
Щ˵뷨עҪʧˣ
һ뱸֮󣬳Ʒ¯ϻ𣬸ҩ˽ȥһжں֮䣬͵һͨԪʱȣѾ˷츲һı仯
ʱʵǰٱڵʱ򣬵ֻ߳ɵİͨԪȴ˵аٷ֮ٵİܹɹ
Ʒչأһʱ䣬ͨԪѾƳɹˡ
֮ǰͨԪʱ򣬲֪Ҫǰ˶١
ʳֻ֣Ƭ̵Ĺ򣬾һѵͨԪ
ʦ˵ʵԽǿƵҩҲԽǼ򵥡
ͨԪ¯ʱҩһöҩ¯֮Уɢűԡ
ƷͨԪȻһӿɽͼĿռ֮С
ֱӽһöͨԪȥʱҩʼɢ˳
һεͻƣ֮ǰκһͻƶȫ֮ͬǰƷͻƵʱȫ֫ٺ֮Уչ
һβͬеʼԺ֮зӵȥʱƷֻоԴ֮кһӷˡ
·Ժ֮гֿˡ
ŲæΪ׼תʼʼ֮УҲйͻֵͨƪ¡
ЩӵԺ֮УûɢǱƷתʼϳųƷԺ֮еĳһɵ
һȱϵĴһӴ˷ָ˷׺ͳ֮
ֻͨһȴţпʵֳס
ƷľҲһɱ䣬ʼ𽥺ںϣתΪ֮ͨϵһǿ
ƷɲҵģһжԺ֮Уһ˿ʧôˣԶᱬը
ž׳󣬳ƷֱܹӸ֪һȴŵĴڣһȴţһȫµ硣
ҲᳬףӴڲͬ
һȴŵļ̺ǿҲǳҪƷԼҪһϵʱ䡣
ؾʱһֱڳƷԺ֮оţһ㷴ӦûеͻȻһ˷Ӧһ߲ʵĹâס˳Ʒʶ
ͬƷܹ֪һƬɵƺڷһ־˵ı仯
Ʒҳɣæʼ˷
أƷһ˵ľֱһԾԾһӵ׽֮С
ʱ׽ķϴˢųƷ塣
ƷҲЩ׽ɻʼսһƤ⣬ڼҪǵĽ׶ΣһɣҲﵽһ˼ĵز
һӵ׽кܴһֱʼ϶ÿʱÿ̶ϸ׽Ȼǿ
һǰδе
ƷûôʱȥʱºɻʼսҪһɣǲܵ飬ĸգоԺ֮ԭ񱩵ͨԪҩȻҲʼƽĿʼǸɵ򣬲𲽽ľϣת˾˵ķ
׽֮У൱һֱӻӿԺ֮Уա
񲻶Щϵɢ߲ʹâΪƷͻ֮·бݻ
һɹͻƣʼսǽ׶Ҳ֮󣬳ƷǿһزԼҲûܹ˵
ҲҪֹģʱƣرִܲ̽ĿԽԽ࣬ڵһҹõˣ̲סˡ
ڵĺҹͣңԶҹ֮Уرִڵĵƹ⣬ڰĺԶԶ
أ֮Уٵ˵ĹâƾڶԶԶֱӽ֯磬ϸһٵ˵ĹâȻǱģö޴ĵβĹâ
Щâ˺ѿ˺ҹֱ䵽رִϿա
һ˲䣬˶Ӧʱö׷ձըֲıըâ˾Ҳҹ˺ѿյͬһ㡣
Ĵսһ


903 ˵ϴأս
ĵձը˿ںҹ֮ײʲôһԼԼڵƹ֮£ܹһЩһ޴Ľ磬رִΧС
Ϊϵִţǲƴ֣ôûнķء
˴Ľ绹ҪţϾرִȻ
ЩûһöܹرִУߵִ̾һ˲侯Ѵ
ϮϮ
죬죡
գ
رִڣеԱһӷӦ˹ʵϣرִڲˣҲǺϵ֣Щ˺һȣӦٶǿ̫ˡ
Ҳδһ죬֮еرִܲȻ⵽е֡
жһ㷴Ӧûе¡
˺ܿܵ˰칫¥⣬رִ֮ܲУ̨Ҳڵһʱա
Ȼȴֻһ˲䣬һĻһöԶӶ
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ٸոյĻ׾ͱֱನɨ˳ȥݺײ˰칫¥֮С
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˹Ѿ飬οǱú˵ͻϮˡ
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ǣ˭ӭһ
ڣû֪Ϊʲô˾ȻҵӴز
˵Ҳӹɣһöƿķ硣
е˷Ӧ죬Ͼ뵽ˣرִ֮УܹôԣϧóĴɱº׷ҲϧģҲֻǵرִĲˡ
Ʒݻ̽Ѻ֮Ȼ󲨣رִڲȴ
ͨǿΣֻҪ˷ɣһҪС
Ȼ²׹ȥ֮ǰ޾֮ϮǴµĺ£Ȼնɱ˺üͨǿ֮󣬱ΪӦѾһ飬ڿǰӿûнʱ
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رִܲΪĻжʱһʱ䷴Ӧ˹
ȻڵĶ֪ȻȻԷ֣Ȼ׿ԶԸ˵ġ
ϣرִ˵ɻһѰĳҹ
еĻգԵضԿյȫһ֮У
ʱֻһ˲ѣ֮УĿ񳱺ϯ𣬾ǴӱˣȻˮڶ
Ҫһ˲䣬رִûˡ
أʱһ˵ĽâնЩˮڴһâʱֻһ˲ѣͳ׻Ϊޡ
˵ľһӰһһرִ֮ϡ
˶һ׷׾
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˶ϳˣ֮УһĨɫӰǱˣƼμ˼ꡣ
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ҸǵõϢ˼ոտͨľ硣
ȻֻǸոտ磬Ǻʣһͨĸ򣬶ڵرִ˵ȻǷǳҪġ
ɣȻˣְϷҲûκˣ
˼껺ڣ֮У޾ϣ͸ոͻƵʱ˼겻֪ǿ˶٣ǿ˳ƼҲƳɱҽ˸Դ£Ѿͨһ۷塣
нȣȲƷ˱Ҳʵˡ
˼꣬ȻҲˣǱһɣ
ڴʱһӰ˳һͷ޴ޱȵΣҪڱΰա
˿˶ɵãһһĸ֡
˼ֱӰνҲ˶ϣμ˸֮ϳ˳Ӱ


904 㷽ҵǳ
һͷҪڱΰյľ޴ҲͨǿߣǲΪǿĴڡ
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һͷ޴ͣ˼ͺҪС̫ˡ
һײ֮Уȴ˿
ռҪһըѿһ㡣
ʱһӰһ˲䣬ͳ֮УɲǼ䣬Ѿɱ˼ķһ˳ǹմ˳ֱӳںһͷ޴ս֮е˼ɨ˹ȥ
ƴǹ֮Ĳɢ˿֮Уڰ֮Уܹǹ֮л汬˿ûֵܹˡ
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һӰ̯˫֣ǰγһ޴Ľ硣
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ʱرִ¶Ϊĳֶ𾪣̶ʱ䣬رִ֮УѾͨǿߣлһǳѾµĶ֡
ʱҲʶˣǱͻĹһֲȴǵĲƷҲǱ˴һֲӡ
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ȻһսҲѾƷϵˡ
ƷҲû־ܣǰͬǶӦԡ
뵽ǵĲ׼رִ¶ʱҲͰ˺ܶ࣬ԭһκ׼ͻϮ
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һϢҲ֮˿һΣ֮Իôĸ֣Ϊǵĳȫչأͻͨľ硣
Щ˵ĵֻΪֹ
ǴʱǶﲻæǶú˵ǺѸͨǿ֮սġ
ƾ㣿һҲסǲɣĪų˵ǼҵСӲùأعصˣ·һ
ֻǿĪ˵Ǽҵ飬ֲ֣죬ͻΪͨҪҪôðɣ
ˣȻѼӲǶҪҲס
أʱһӰԶ˹
һӰĳ֣رִ˲ˣһĿݵߣһɫĳۣǿȻоµơ
Ƽ棬ҵ죬˴ңȻҵͨĸڴˣ
˿ˣɵþ


905 ˵ս
رִĸֲɵЩȻĿǰǶԶǺȻƼҼټĪϣҪԶԶȳϳµҪǿܶˡ
Ĵ֮УֻгµǳģǳҲζʵ
Ͼÿһ˶ǳƷǰ㣬²ˡ
ƼȻҲ
رִܲĿŻƼ棬аãּˣֻҲᱻס
漴ͿЦǵĲжᰡҪϳͣҲҪǵĲ
Сӻ̫ˣҾãֻӣϣʱһˬʵЦԶһϵӰӶ
˰ˣ
رִϳ˵ݡ
ҪʮλͻƵĴ㰡
˾˵˿һӶһͨǿߡ
ƼǿԽԽ࣬ۿžͿҪʮˡ
ⱲܹͨǿߣܶûһĶࡣ
㡭ʱĪǻƼҼ϶¶˼ŵ顣
׼֮ݣҲȫΪ˶ԸƷҲΪ˷ֹǰ֧Ԯ
˵ĳ֣ȴԳϡ
˲ǵͳƷһνѣھȻΪƷ֡
ˣοأҲ˵һ̯ˮǱϹκҪãƼ俴˵
˫˵ҲϽˣ˴ڹȥϰ֮УкҲ
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һ㣬˿ķǳǳףȻ֮⣬һʵϣȻĺܣڣ߾еͨ
һˣɽǺ壬νʥأ˭Ļᡣ
νı죡
Ҫǣ̫óƷˣֻҪƷܹľ棬ô˭סˣѳɣܵ
ܲѩ̿ĵ˭ףοƷ͸ٵĵҩ˵ޱҪҪ
ԳƷ΢һ룬ûκοǾʹӦˡ
˭ȲƷ
ʱһߴԶһν˶Ӵ̤Ŷݹ죬ѷɫڸոճֵˣһֽʤƽŶԷķŤת˹
ѪڷڣԼԼһͷ޴ޱȵľ޾ģȻ޾һĸ֡
ĺ֮УʼӴΪƵȺһ޾һ壬һһ塣
Ⱥͨĸֳ֣رִ˵ʣѾӵ˼㡣
ôĵӣĺ壬Ȼҳôأرִһʹһӳߴ˳ͷ׷Ǿͷȴǿ֮
ףƽԪ˧
رִ֣ϳ߾˭Ȼ֮оøʢ˵ѾһףƽԪ˧
ףƽһһӡգϵƲϵı޾һ֣Ҳͬ˿
رִĸ֣ʱѾɵˣΪսķǳпݻΪʮλϵͨĸｻ֡
رִڲ׼ٳ֣Ҳ᳹ױƽΪС
ڼҽֵһͨĸֺ˼֮⣬ͷųϢͬѹأ·Ҫظѹıһ㡣
ʵ̫ˣ
ףƽң
ԶһȴһӰӶֻһͷųǿϢȻһӾѹסڳͨĸ֡
ɢѪ̫ǿˣҹ֮УܹоĳϵĽһ㡣
Ƕ֣ҪǸСδͻ֮ǰɱЩµļٻͽˣ
˸ͿʼָЩͨĸ֣ȴû˾ʲôԡ
رִ¿˵Ӱʱ򣬶ɵ÷׷׵һ
׷ףȴõҪˣ˲ǱһֱǼҲѪĽ档
ʹȣǿ̫ˣһסˣ·Ǿһ㡣
ĴսڱᵶʱһƬɱ


906 ȫƣƷʱأ
ͨأ
ףƽڣ³ĸ֡
˵ɫҲޱأֻеزܹףͨζʲô
ǵʱ򣬼ѹּĸ֣κһʵǿĿ¡
ͨµľ磬ѹ֮ƣܵС
ڽ棬Ȼոտ磬ǿǸ֮ľѹƵʵ̫ˡ
ᵶɱ֮ޱȵţǰƻƷͻƣ߻ħǹȻǺãĻҲûʲôϵΪţƾǿʵҲԽնڵ¡
ʵһŵı֤
ڻңҾһն
ʱ˵
û취ˣһϹͷģҪս
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Ϊͽȷʵ൱࣬һΣҪܽ棬ֻסѡ
߰ɣɣ򣬺ܲ𣡡
ףƽĿŽ˵
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һ֮УֿµͨĹâڷڣңԶ󶥼ڽ֡
ףƽԪ˧ˣǳĶ֣ʵҲǼΪǿĴڡ
Ȼرִľͷ֮£˾㵵ķ֣־Ȼѹơ
һǿɱȼѣͽЩ˾͸ѹˡ
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һͷ޴ȻҲͨһأʵһͨһصĸֶҪǿܶ࣬ǿϧ˼ꡣ
ǹǱ˼궼ҪµĶˡ
أ˶ΪһоҪȵһƬսֳʤʱ
ͻȻһѪɫӰֱӺرִڴʱ綼ѾˣûֹܹһѪɫӰ
һӰرִʱһ޴ֱӺһѪɫӰ֮С
ʱ˲ڼˣһѪɫӰȫһƬѪɫ֮УżΪаϢ
ȫѪɫ󻹳һѪɫ˫ȥһѪɫһΪˡ
̵ĸˣ˲ɵþǶϵó̳ڽиĸˡ
ͬģһܹΪѾˣһӰѾԽ쾳磬ﵽͨ磬ȻֻǿУڸ֮УȴҲǲ˼漣ˡ
֪Ƕ˵
̵ĸ˾ȻѾزôرִĶסһӰʣ˵ķ棬ǰ档
֪ʲôаطز
ڴʱرִһɫӰֱϯֱѪɫӰսһ
رִϿգѾγսĸֶգΪ֪ʤģǣЩ֡
жһ뷨㵽ʲôʱذ


907 ճأֻ
սֳ飬ʮͨĸϷ֡
֮У˶ɪɪûκϢû֪ʲô
ͨŶѾȫˣȻ׼
ս֮Уѵǳ£Ƽ֮Ĳ޴ȻʱƼ̸ϻ۷״̬Ǳľ磬ս鷽Ĳ࣬ȫѹ
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ʱرִ˲ʶˣʲô֮ͨͨĲࡣ
սϣһɫӰҲϳˣȴǱˣǳǳߵһͷޡ
ؼʱ޶Ѿˣ˶ܹܵĵѾʲôز
֮ڣܳƷѾ˷ˣڵжôն
һѪɫӰϴżΪǿҵаϢҲ֪˶˵ԹǿбģȻȴȫ޿Ƶġ
֮ȫסЩаֱӽԷĽڽڰˡ
Ȼرִ˵ĶȫסˣΪǶԿһȫƣ˼ȡϷ֮󣬾ܹġ
ΨһܹƽΣֵģҲֻǵĲԳأпŤתּȵơ
ۣ
սϣڷֳʤÿһӶرִ˵·һôÿһӣܾսľơ
֧Ųסˣǳ£ֱӱƼһ˳ȥ
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ȻʱһӰƼٶȸ죬һӰһ˲䱬˾رִ
壬и֣
رִ¶׾ˣ˵еɵˣû뵽ʱ򣬾ȻֲκϽС
ĸ֣ǣ˺壬ΪҲֻóƷѡ
Ҳˣ
ףƽʱŭŭ˼£ԶԶֻ֮ǰô򵥡
ܴʱĸǲǽϵģﱾѾζѾע⵽˳Ʒˡ
ʱĳƷȻǿӵ˵ģĹâ̫ҫۣ¶˼ɵ˼ҪǧѷĻὫնɱ
һֻҪƷ֮УеפıǿʵͨҲ·һ
ΨʱڲìܣƷɱ
Щ˿һӰĿһͷβͣͨȼһİĺꡣ
д¼֮УҲҵõȻһͷβ׺޼ΪóԼͨĸֲֶˣղôڳȻûһԱ߻һͷβ׺
ȻȴľʱһɱƷ׺ɱ
Ƽͣס˽ŲΪ֪ڴɱⷽ棬β׺Աǿֻһͷβ׺ϣ֮˸̰Ĺâ
һͷβ׺ͨ磬Ǽֵ
رִ¶׾ʱһֻ͵һӴرִץ˳һѾץסһͷβ׺ֱסһͷβ׺Դ
ţдһЦΪɱңǺộãˣһɣ


908 һֻ־͵ǿУ
һ˵Ŀⶼò˹սϼսЩͨĸ֣Ҳɵ÷׷׽Ŀɨ˹
ǿ˱һֺֻݺһƬյ֮ϵβ׺ʱ򣬲ɵ÷׷׵һ
β׺ȻóɱóսǱϾͨ磬磬ʲô̰壬ҲھԵơ
ǿ֮󣬸ȫӡ
β׺ʱҲͬоǳļ֣Ϊβ׺ٶ̫ˣʱ򣬼Ƿʤġ
ղ־棬Ƽ涼ͬȴˣΪβ׺ͻϮƷڽӡ
˭֪β׺δü֣ͱһֺֻݺ˵ϡ
β׺һͷ֮սҪСϲ٣Ҳ׸ߣȻһȥ
һıʣ̫ˣۻҵģһоͶˡ
𣡡
һͷβ׺ȫױˣĻ棬Ҫرִջ٣ŭ˼£ʲôʱ۸ˡ
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һֻ־һɽѹסΪİ棬һֵֻʱûκô
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һֵֻķӦ죬һɫ磬һİӰݺȥ
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β׺ݺݱ䵽˵ϣʮɵĳˣرִĵ涼˿
رִĵ涼ʵˮסģõҲûκôֱӱ˸ϡã֪һֻжôľˡ
β׺ҪŷԶȥһֱֻһ
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β׺ʮΣǱһָֻ޷һֵֻƿء
һΧһ޴ĴӣǱβ׺ҳģʱβ׺ﻹ֮ǰ죬ֱһģȫ¶͸Ѫ
Ѫë֮͸˳ҲⲻϵĹ֮б۶ˣޱȵңȫƤëⷭеĵطɼǣˣ֪β׺ʲôĹ
ʱ˶ɵõһΪǶ֪һֵֻ˾ʲôˣԾǳƷ
Ʒǿ֪ģڿԻ̫СƷˣδֻ֣ƾһֻ֣ͽβ׺ˡ
ֽѵԼҲĳһʮó۳ս˺֮ǵβ׺ҡ
ֵֶΣҲǻģǺܻһܹõֵزһͨصޣǲ漣ˡ
ƷȻǿزһǿʲôĵز
Уͻȥˣ
ƼʱףԭΪβ׺ԽƷشҲûв֣һŷ֣֮ǰĹֹ̫ˡ
ˢ
Ƽʱһӷرִһѳâһӳرִնȥ
꣡
ǿֲĵâһ˲䣬˺ѿһУ·һ˲ܹرִնһ㡣
أʱһֻ޴ֶˣֱӵһâǰ

һһâնֵϣȻһһıˡ
ǱĵâĹâգһˣȴҲΣռˡ
С
ʱرִ˳ƷһмߵϵĻǻһ˵ٶȽչƷڴһ˵ɱʱڡ
˶ܹоһԽԽǿѹۣ·һǴǿ߼ҪѼһ
ס
ţѾûа취סеĽˡ


909 ǣͨ
涼ˣ޷ǰſѹһС
ƷչֳʵѾˣԲܷγƷôǿȥˡ
ǴʱˣףƽԪ˧֪սѾΪؼʱˣԲýлȥųƷ
ǰˡ
ƴһֶΣҲҪס档
ʵȻҪǿϲ٣һʱȴҲ޷
սϣǳ棬ǳ£˼꣬ޣȫˣҪΪƷסʱ䡣
ƷĻǻγɵĹоѾ˾˵һɹͻƣܹǿʲôزֱ޷
ƷŤתսֵؼ
ʱΨһлֵģǻƼ档
Ƽһûܹκε˳Ʒ֮бսĹâеĳٶȱˣȫķȼգһ˲䣬նǧٵÿһþȫлһ
Щâȫһھ޴ޱȵĳһѳϣݺᣬ˿µ߲ϼ⡣
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âͽɫ֮ײֲľһУϰɵ˳˷
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һâڽɫĳ֮£һһ˿ղȣƺҲûκε𣬲ܶôǿ޷κεһֻɫ
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أ
Ƽؿڱɫĳ˺ѿһ޴˿ڣѪ罦ɼǡ
һֻɫٶ̫ˣһ磬Ƽһ׼ûУֻڹؼʱ򣬱˱ֱӺľ档
ʱһֻɫɢһŽɫĹâʧ˰֮С
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Ǹ˻ûг֣оļµĸо·һλһĸо
ӵʱ򣬻ɽЩСˣһĺʲôء
˭֪겻ʮ֮꣬пܻӤ׶ʱڵ࣬ĸо
ǵΪԼѾѳȥʱһƾճ֣һ˲˰֮УȻһޣݺݵĴһͷβ׺ϡ
أ
β׺ݺݱ䵽˵ϣٶײһӣϣֱӶһĿĵ˺ۣһ޴Ѻ۳ϣɼǣЩûճ롣
ֻһ޶ѣʹ׵ǳ׶ѣҲˣҪͨʵ̫ǿˣһˣֻѾˡ
ܣһΣˣ
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ͬʱرִϣСеĻڼγɣûܹ赲ǵγɣ֮˶оһɿµѹѹķ
ڣγɣͨɣһӰرִ߳


910 һȭɱͨ
ǣͨɣ
˾֪ͨ󣬶ڣ۶ɣ֮£һӰһ㻺
ٶȲ죬ÿһȴ·̤˵Ŀڡ
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ܣһΣˣ
򵥵һ仰Ȼβ׺סˣڱϣɪɪҷ
ʱβ׺ϵ˿ôֱ޷ֱӣѪɼǵƣͨصĸҲҪȫԸΪͷ۵Ȼӱˡ
ⲻǱˣǳƷĿ磬ϵϢڲϵɱ䣬˶֪Ϊոͻƽͨȫδȫɱɷ
ڲϵɱ䣬ϱøǿֱǿܹ˸֪ÿʱÿ̶ڷٱǿ
ѹһе𽥰
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ƷǼȻûֱŪһͷβ׺Ȼԭġ
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ʱѾ򣬻ʵͨ
ѾܵˣԼڷڣͻƵһȫµĽʱٿ磬һ
ƷɨһۻƼ棬˵ԲðɣҿԷŻƼһ·
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Ƽ֮˸һɷɫƷ̫ˣ֮䣬˾й
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âȻֱͬն˳ƷϣһͨصĸһûУҪش

һײ˳ƷϣĹâͬϵĽһãڵʡ
ˣ
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棬޾һĸڣ˶¶˾ϲ飬һƷûж㿪ˡ
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رִµĸַ׷׵һƷ̫ˣȻһնС
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ƷһһĹâһâ޷նһֹâ
˶ˣɵˣ
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ǺεȺ˵飡
ƷȻھͻƵͨʱҲͬʱʼսǵĽ׶ˣزʼսǳСɣ֮ǰ˷츲صı仯
οں֮󣬻ʼսѾһǰδеĵزʼսĿ߻ʾҲû뵽ĵز
飬Ʒȴˣ
ܣ
Ƽ̼ܵģΪҲǱϣΪܹһٽƷɱ˭֪ûܹɱƷ෴ģһƤëû˵
ʱһĽŵװֱţʶԼͳƷĲѾʲôز
ҪߣȻʱƷȻٸᡣ
ƷֻǼ򵥵ȭͬʱһȭһȭֱӻһ޴ޱȵޣһȭȥ
һ˲ͱ˻Ƽȫķ磬Ȼ䵽˻Ƽϡ
أ
Ƽ汻ֱӺУֻ򵥵һȭȴĿ֮£һһı˿Ѫһ㣬˲Ͳ˳Ʒϡ
ֻһȭ͹ˣ


911 ĳ֮ɱͨ
һȭɱһͨصĸ֣
ӦǱһս֮󣬲п飬ڣֻһȭͽˣǶôľˡ
ڸղδֵʱ򣬾һֵֻĸ֣ڲŸոճ֣һȭɱͨصĻƼ档
ȻƼҲѾشˣҪ֪ƼҲǱƷشѽ
ԵüΪֲˣ
˻
ʱһƬ̴֮˵һͻ֮ĳƷȻǿز
ֱǲŵģ
Ȼ˶ѾˣǾʼɣ
Ʒ˵
ͷβƿ֮Уµһ֣ΪľǽЩеһ򾡡
һаռƻУҲ˳ͨ磬ܹоڷڷٵӣͨǿһв˼ĸԴ
У֪Ǿ֮γɵһ
ʱһں޽սѪɫӰȫηһĺ˹յʲôָһ㡣
Ѫɫ֮з˳һѪɫľ壬ųƷ
в˶ܹ֪ĵѪɫľ̺֮ſµһըܹγһµ
Сģ
رִڣ˶ɵ÷׷׾
ƷǶҲĽ£ΪĿʼγһԽԽ죬ΧС
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䣡
䣡
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Ʒϵγһ޴ĴųûܹͻĴų
ЩѪɫᾧըͬʱһӰѾɱ˳Ʒǰܲˣʱ˴֮иоһɿֲӣڱıԵ
ֲֿ˵ɫˣ
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رִѾ൱ľˣսҲ֮УǴʱȻоһּΣյĸо
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̽Ҫٵͳµˣٵж˵ֻ˳顣
ºŭֻҲҲᱻܻ

ԶĽ涼ѾˣƷȻһ㶼ûв
ʱ򣬳ƷһЦһץץһöӲңһӣ̯ƣĵֱ֮ϣ͵һſʱ˳ɨӲ֮ϡ
䣡
ֲһγ˳͵ĵڵڻ
һֱӺɨһһ׶Ŀ񳱣˲ͺһѪɫӰ֮ϡ
𣡡
һѪɫӰҽУ屻˳ȥϣֱӶһ󶴣ϰ
ڼըĺ˵Ҳһ˲䱻
ȻǸˣ˸ֲ˵ĸ죬ȻҲһ˲䳹ױ֮
ڵԭһУ֮Ըͨĸ֣ҲΪں壬ܹõĵز
ǳɵˡ
Ǹǵô
ڣܹõô
ͨȻǲԳô
ǿ
Щرִĸַ׷ΪƷսֻЩͨĸ֣֪һ˲便ʲô
һ˲䣬ƷУͬʱҲΪƷľս𾪣ܽǸ˺ɣȴ޷ֹ˵ıը
Ʒȴܹȫѹս
һɱѪɫĸ֮󣬳ƷûһֻȫĮ
̽ģΪɱϧһͬסǧֱӲ
Ѿ״˳Ʒеĵߡ
ƷĿһ۽棬ֻǵ˵Щˣһߣ


912 ײУˤͨ
˶ܴһ仰֮УоһɭȻɱ⣬ղųƷɱͨľսҲЩڡ
Ʒʵ̫ˣκһ˸ɾ䣬һ˿̻֮
·ֻǺľˡ
Ʒ˵꣬˳µߣֵ̽˳µıһɻʼķ˳µ֮С
¾̾͸оԼڷٵĺתһʱ䣬Ѿõ߰˰ˡ
вɵþ֪ƷʲôϣȻô˵Ч
ȻƷûж˵Ĵ㣬͵һʧԭأֻһһĹâ
ɾű䣬ٶȿ쵽˼£˲Ѿ˼һͷһսϡ
һͷں˼භһĸڿƷսϵһ˲䣬ʱëͷ·һͷֲ̫޸һ
ĸо
һ˼꣬ѾʮˣټһɱĳƷˣɱ鲻˵ͨˣ˵ͨĸ֡
֮ͨµģǶϣ㲻ˡ
ãܣ
һĸּһ˼꣬һΣҪһˮԶ
ˣ
˼̴˵
ܲˣ
Ʒ˵˵꣬һΣϳ˼Ӱ׷ȥӰ
ɲǼ䣬ؼǳƷĲӰһٶȿǺܿ죬ȴɲǼ䣬׷һĸ֣縡Ӱա
һͷۿųƷȻ׷ʱ󺧣ʱѪ֮еײбһӱ˳
Ƶ˼֮һӳױˡ
𣡡
һͷХһһִβֱӺɨ˹һΪϣһβͳһɽܱһ룬֮

һִβͳ鵽˳ƷϣȻȴǰֺƷһһɫĵסһ޴β͡
ȻȴƷһֻץȥȻһ޴βͶԣƷ̫Сˣȴȵץסһβ͡
ţһͷʱ͸оԼһɾֱӳ˹ȥҪôûκô
ʼսĿ¹ڴʱȫͷ˳
䣡
ţ˾ֻһͷ̵ľͱһץȻݺȥǾ޴ֱҵһƬյ֮ϡ
涼ҳһӣһǿʣҲֱˤ˸ͷǡ
Ȼ˽ԷӦȴƷֱץǱԼҪĶβͣ͵һٶȽݺҽ˵֮С
䣡
Դ͵һˤǿֱֲײ˴ӣʮɸߵľ쳾ˣֱЩڿ˾Ƥֱ
أ
أ
أ
Ʒ˦첲һͷ޴ޱȵͣ˵棬涼΢΢𶯡
رִڵֶܹо֪жôľˡ
Ҫ֪رִµĵ棬ʵˮ࣬߰˼޷ֺ
Ʒôϰ£ڿһͷʱѾˣӦ˵ͣǾ޴ޱȵһһĳѷ죬ͷȫѣˤһŽΪ̵ͷҲֱӶѣֽŽ
ȻƷŽһͷʬȥ
䣡
һһͷҲˣֱӾͶ
رִڣԶĳ˲ɵõһʿˮǵĳʵ̫ײˡ
ǲûм޵ģû˵ױĴ򷨣ֱӽԷ
⡭ж󣿡
֮ͨսô
̫ˣòһߵģ
һڿˮ֮󣬲ڻع
Щڼս֮еͨ˵ָо𺳡
ĪףƽԪ˧ˣʵʤһͷҪɱҲûа취Ȼô赭дԹԷˤǸܵ顣
Դ漣֮ͨУսҲ񼣣Ǹ顣
Ȼڼս֮Уҷɣȴ·Ƿһ˾κˡ
ԭͨĸֳֻսڱƷԾ˵ٶҲֻʣˣףƽ˺ͽսԼĪص޾һĸ֣ս
Ʒ΢˶٣һΣһս


913 ƣĪ
ƷһΣѾ˳ս֮УʱͨصĸֵΧ֮£Ѿʮֳˡ
Ͼˣκһս֮£ԸһˣҲûбʤİգοҪԸеˡ
ĿֻҪʱ䣬óƷʱͻƣĻʱ㣬ֻѾˡ
ڳƷչֳ˺˵ʵ֮Ѿо˼ȵΣգǼӿ˽ŲֿµĹǲƳɱһı˳һҪųƷڳ֮ǰ档
Ѿ˶ദ˿ڣѪȥҲֶܼˡ
ȻĪ˵뷨ʧˣƷվǳ׻˳֮ǰͽеĶֻɱǰ֧Ԯ
棬ɱĪסһ
ս֮󣬳ƷҲûʱ˵ʲôֱ˵
û⣬
ЦųƷĳأǵĴǳʧˣڣʤƽѾ׵ǡ
˵⣬һȻֱӳ޾һĸַ˹ȥ
˫սļޱȣնںҹ֮У˵Ѫڣǽһ㣬ޱȵ
һսޱȵĲң治ǳƷǰӵѹʵҲѾˣϲԽΪܣΪ˳ƷѾƴȫˡ
һߣһͷ޾һĸҲѾʶ˼˵ΣգҪ뿪ȴûκΰ취סߡ
ʱףҪΨһİ취ܳ棬£˫ƴȫս˵ޱȵļң϶ȾѪҲ֪ǶԷѪԼѪѪĽмɡ
һߣĪҪȥæȴʱһӰѾǰ
ƷҪҵȲݣĪ֮磬ĶųƷ˵гǹսϵѪڣ𶯳գزҲѾǾƴһˡ
ƣô˵ңһ·ôƷһЦ˵οݣҲ̫Լˣնɱǣ̫ˣ
Īʱ֪ѾûлأƷղʵǰ㣬ڳƷλϣҲȻܷŹԼȻˣҲֻƴһսˡ
ͷĪûȥģȫѪһӱ˳гǹˣͬһ޴ĻХһ񷶼ڲ
ʱ˷·ǹʥһ㣬ǹһǿһҲǹ֮ߵİ壬δյȫԲײʹãһʹóҪķΪۡ
ȻڣѾûбѡˣֻƴһˡ
ǹǿֲǹ֮Уرִĸֶܹо־ڷڣȴѹơ
ʱǹؼһߣȫҪ
˺ȻĪ۳ô꣬Ȼ󲿷ʱԵʱҲûУȻȴܹĺܺãộΪһ̼
һǹٶȲ죬ʵϣȷʵҲ죬ӴǹܹκһˣߣѾٶ޹ˣǱ־ԭء
ƷĿһǹɫ䣬ǧһ֮ʣڳˣ򵥵һƺ˳ȥҲʲôƷֻǾһȥ
˾ֻоһɣԭѹĿֲǹһ˲䣬׵׵ı˸飬ǹ⣬һ˲ʧ١
ţ˷·𿴼Ʒһƺ˳ȥ·γһ޴ޱȵһ㣬סһС
һǹɵĻһƵʱһ˲䣬һһ鿪Ļ⣬ɢ
һƾ˳ǹ֮ϡ
أ
ǹһһıһ˳ǹʣѾ˷ļ̺ǿķԳƷʱȴһ顣
֪ƷѾǿʲôزҪʲôΪԼͲѷɫڷҪһķҪµĶˡ
ʼսﵽС֮ľͽֶԿ˿
Īˣǹըѣ˫ҲѪ죬һɿֲˣо˾޴Ĳ࣬ˣǰ
ȻʱƷĵڶѾղŵһ˵ӵĿֲֻƾʵѾԽ˴Ʒ
ʵһеĸ
أ
һƣĪûеֵ˵ûеֵסһ˲䣬еķȫһĪϡ
˾ֻĪһһıը˿ڱѿѪɡ
ƣ
Ī


914 棬ˣ
ʱ˶׺Ȼƾʹ⣬һ񻰵Ī
ڸ߿֮У˺ףƽԪ˧ѹƵĽ棬ʱһ٣֮һƬء
ƴĪӡ֮УƺҲֻͳܹ˾˵ĳ̶˰ɡ
ģףƽԪ˧ЦѹƵĺܲңͨأֻͨһ֮˫ʵȴԶ
һֱѾȫǱĹˣ㶯һ£Ǵʹޱȡ
ȴ⣬սսϣҲ֪˶ٴʵ͵λ˵̶ֳȵȻʲô
ڣۿţƷֻһǿУʱд죬ӵٶȣƷǿжնɱҲֻʱˡ
Ҫãʱ䣬ʤѾˡ
Աߣ˴ʱҲԵʮֵǱϵڣѪԼġ
֣ǱƵϣһ˵ĻֻѾˡ
ֻҪһЩʱ䣬ƷʤǾӮˡ
ܹõȻҲܹĵȳƷô˵ţҲȺŹľ֮У£Ҳ˫ȭѵ֡
ǳƷչֵľʵһȭͺɱƼ棬ƾͺɱĪʵʵ̫ˡ

һʱףƽԪ˧˶ܷ֣ǽǰ
һʱ䣬ѹ˴򣬵ȴҲһʱûа취
һս֮ϣһ޾һĸȭȭ⣬Ѫɣױˡ
ȻΪ࣬ǳϾˣ۷ʱˣҸղһѾ̫̫ˣزѾǱˡ
أ
ڣֲסӷ໥ˣһȭ˳ȥȫѪ죬ͷҲжദĶѣս֮ҿ֪
϶
޾һĸŭһҪԳϾɱʱȴһ⣬֮ϲȻһ˵ٶ
޾һĸֶʱ͸оһɼΣյĸоæ˿Ųһն
ٶȻعʱ򣬳ƷѾս֮Уͳ֮ǰ
޾һĸֶʱһΪƷĻôĪ֮սҲѾǼΪˣĪûܵסƷ˳Ʒϡ
ȻһﻹĪӰʱɵðһۿžͿԻɱˣֻôһʱѣĪȻôʱ䶼޷
ʱǱɱˡ
Ϊȡһ˿һʱ䣬ֻܷĳƷǿͿ¡
ˣ
ƷƽĿ޾һĸ֣˵
ƷҲΪУҪˣѾһﵽѵ㻹ҪΪô޾һĸڿƷһ˲䣬ֻȫڷ飬ŵװһƬ
һʼˣʵΪƷ̫ǿˣʱһֻ־͵β׺Ȼ֮ɱƼ棬ɱͨˣˤһĸ֣ɱĪ
ֲֿս˭ˣ𺳣ǷǳȻǿܺܶ궼ûиоˡ
¸о˱־֧ĸоΪʵҲܸȫİȫˡ
ΪΣƷЦһ˵Դ½һֱҪɱôΪǻǿԺ͵ĳ̶ôȻɱңǾñҷɱ׼Ҳô꣬ѵɲɣ
޾һĸֶʱһԳƷʵ㲻жѺãεƣڸɱƷȻҪñɱ׼
ȻҲԴУȫķһ˲䱬˳ʱȫ¿ʼƬƬ֮䣬γһƬۼס
ĵƣδ˻ƹĵơ
ʱһꪵһս޲ʤĽһ㡣
Ʒޱ飬ͬʱͳˣָȭ󣬻һ޴ޱȵޣһȭ޾һĸֺȥ
ֲȭ޾һĸ֣޷ѡ
޾һĸһХꪣ͵һӳųƷȭͷȥ
أ
˾ֻһ޴ĺֱӺ˳ȥһһʧ١


915 ȭɱ޾ֳ
˾ֻ޾һĸֵ˫ֶѪ죬Ӧ˵ƶը˿Ʒײһ˲䣬һ˲ʹϸоһɹȻֱַꪾ˳ȥ
޾һĸǵɴ۾ĿɿڴŵĿһĻ
Ȼ˳ȥҪ֪޾һ壬޾֮Уǿƣǿϣĺ֮УҲϺŵĴڡ
һӲûбѹƹһ˵йǿΪۺͨ似Ϊǿ˴ڡ
ڴƴϣ˱ƵϣȴͷһΡ
ľҲֻһ˲ѣƷûиȥ˼ʱ䣬ֻһɲǼѣƷĹƾѾˡ
Ʒָȭһɿµȭ֮ͷ˳ղĪ֮ǰһǹ⻹Ҫǿ󣬻Ҫ¡
ȭ־ѹ־һ̣ȭؼһеߡ
һȭס޾һĸ֣޷ѡ
޾һĸ֣ʱҲѾʶˣ޷ѣɴͺͳƷƴˡ
ȫۼ׷ȫ¶С
ۼž˵ķţ㱻˵ǳôڱըλãֻҪһۼףܹȫˣ޾塣
ķѾںܶ͵ķ֮ˡ
䣡
һ˵ʵ򲻹һ˲ѣһȭ޾һĸֵķȻһ˲䣬һȭ˳ȥ
ȭ似ڱҪǳߣѰˣȫһȭѾˣܳ־ãǶڳƷ˵㶼Ժʮȭϰȭѹ
֪ƷѾǿᵽʲôزˡ
أ
һȭֱӺ޾һĸֵϡ
һʱ䣬㾲˶Ϣ񣬿ųƷа׵ָɵȭͷۼ֮ϡ
סˣִĸֲɵ𾪵˵
ղųƷչֳսֱɨһǿУܵ˭˭ʲôͨһأͨأͨأҲһкͶ൲һеѡ
ڣƺʧˣ޾һĸ֣ȻܹסƷһȭȫȫĲ˼顣
ԣûеס
ûã˾ȻǾֻˣԭƵֵס˳ƷۼףʱȻһһıѿѪ罦Ѫ֮дâ¼ˡ
Ȼźһۼ׳ױը˿ɢȻ˾ֻ޾һĸֱ֣ӾͱһѪһ
ƺڵɴ۾޷ţؿڣ֪ʲôʱѾһ󶴣Ʒȭ
⡭ܣ
޾һĸ֣ƺ޷ԼΪۼ׾Ȼ˵ĲһȻͺһӵȥ֮е䵽˵ϣ֮أ֮󣬾ֱӻ˱壬һ޴ޱȵ޾ξ޴ֻǴʱޱȵңϼûһ⣬Ѫɼǵ˿ڱȱȽǡ
ͬһȭѣֱɨ
̫ˣֻʣ½һˣ
رִ·׷׻ʣµǿУҲֻʣ˽һˡ
ԭֵ֮ĿֲѣȻƷһ˽ˡ
л棡
Ʒ֮еĳл˵
лң
ҡҡͷ˵һûൽΪṩӻĵز
ƷƺҪΪԼˣæ˵Ȳùңû£ȥףƽ˵
Ʒ˵ͷҲûм֣ƿźˣʵͨǿָ˵̶ֳȵȴֲʲôˣٲֵ£ǲġ
ڴʱ֮ϣҲֻһսˣǽڵսԭףƽԪ˧֮⣬˼꣬º޶Ѿսţͨĸ֣Χס˽棬Χס
֣ǿһЩƣ
ǿƣӹɣһ˾ͽףƽԪ˧˴ĽڽڰˣҪǺ˼꣬º޶̹æֻ´ʱѾˡ
ȻˣҲɴķǳࡣ
أǧһ֮ʣӽڣһӷӳһӰһӰϢʵֲ
û뵽ڣȻðһ֣ɲǼ䣬Ѿɱ˱ѾǿŵףƽԪ˧ˡ
أ
أ
˼˲䱻ɳȥһ˲䱻شѪˡ


916 չ޽
һʵ̫ͻȻˣԭȻףƽ˴Ѿܼˣܵ˵ܹǿֵסġ
Ȼһֵļ룬սƽѾƻ˸ɾ
ǧѷĻᣬûΪͨصĸֵǣƣڿڳɱƬ֮䣬Ѿն
ֱش˼ˣ
˼꣬ǳ£ޣֱնѪˡ
ҲҿǶÿ죬ȻĻͲֻǱնѪôˡ
ֻǶ̶ʱѣͨͱķ׷Ѫˣԭõľ棬Ҳһ˲䣬ȫ߽⡣
Ȼ׼ǽ׺ǳסˡ
ǸĸжôĿ£ֻҪץסһĻᣬܹ̽תΪʤ
ڴʱ˲ڿˣһͻȻðĸֵӰ
Ƽ棡
˾һӰȴƼ˭ء
ƼѾƳ˿ܵ顣
ֻ֮ǰһ˾ѹ˺ףƽԪ˧ִԺܶ˶Ѿ˱ƳɿܵƼҲǽеһˡ
ڱƳɿ֮ǰƼѾͨصĸ֣Ϊ˺ףƽԪ˧֮¡
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˴ʱŸоĳǸ֮һʼͽƼųôҲڱĴֲ˶ڶ̶ʱսˡ
˼ӵĿѾƳ˿ܵԼ棬ȻԭƼֻŮѣСƼ³Ҳ˵ƼĹ³ġ
ڼԼ汻Ƴɿܣб߽ӡ
ʱƷŸոյִսΪϵϣ˭֪ûܹϡ
Ҳ¶˼ź飬Ʒٶ̫ˣĻܹ⼸һ򾡡
ҲܺùЩ˸Χ
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ףƽԪ˧ųƷ˵
ƴһʼͶǷǳʵһʼ·硣
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£ֵܹڣѾǽ߾ȫˣҪûгƷֻ¿϶Ҫˡ
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ŷ׷׷ʼرִĿյˣرִҲǰš
׷Ųӿ֮УңңԵģˣŶӦ˵ˣһƼܡ
ƼַȻǼΪģһĿǰ㽩Ӳ෴ģΪ
Ʒû뵽һѹҲϵϣվȻܹұƵϣ
ƺʮָпһ˵֮ȴ˸žâʱ䣬ΪԼĻָȡʱ䡣
սͨĸ֣սʤ֮Ҳܴ󣬶˵Ҳ̸ϻ۷״ָ̬Ѿ޷ˡ
ͼȻڳƷȴνֻһ˶ѡ
µûµʲô˵ĺǽҲ׷ɱһ
Ʒ˵
֮󣬲нңҲᱻ𣡡Ʒ˵˴ңһҹ֮佫ҳ֮ǰҲû뵽İɣ
ôĿ
ɫʱһ䣬飬ǺںΨңĽɡ
Ҵ޵зչһѰС壬չʮ˵Ĵͼ塣
УעⱲеԲƻ
ֻһ仰ҪֻҪմ״ʵģͳͳҪеķһ˲䱬˳
ΪЩôͨصͻ֪ˣ
滺˵ڼٻָĵķ
Ʒһ㣬ȵ㲻Ǹˣ
˲䣬ˣѪȵ˼£һɿֲ־ϣɢ˳
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ƷСģƣ
ʱ˼æΪϳһƷ
Ƽ֮ѷֵƷ
ƷǶҲƾһƺ䵽ϡ
أ
һ޴ĺһ˳Ʒϣȴûκô޷Ʒֺ
ʱ򣬳Ʒڳ֣ϷһĹâһƼϣȴǽƼķɳȥ
ƼϷķӡķģһ˲䣬Ʒӡǵʼ֮еһֳŴķӡַ
һ˲ж˽ƼʬĲٿأƼƿ֮н˳


917 ǰ㲻УҲһ
ʲôɴ۾ǽʱҲ¶˼ŵ顣
˶ֻ֪ԼģжôҲһż֮лõĳŴһֿ
ĿȻֻƼһƼΪǿһҲΨһһͨĸֱƳ˿ܡ
Դʹó֮󣬻ûʧָֹܲҲûй˵ֱж˺Ϳ֮ϵˡ
ֶǴûмģ
ʲôӡݺݵĿųƷ
Ʒǵ˵ѵֻô
ĴԾʱЩĸ֣Լָܹ˵ľ֮ӱ
õ˵ʵļ
ӡҲǳŴмΪ˵õһַӡȻǽּܹӴĵˡ
ƷһͣͽƼʬͻص˼ߣ˼֮м֮ɫֻǻһ䣺ҪСģ
ͨĸǲĿǣԴӵ֪˽潫ƼƳ˿֮ǾͷǳͷۣһֱҲûʲôõӦԷ
ȻڣƷֻ赭дľͽˣһӡͽƼӽƿ֮а˳
ڳƷ˵ΪƼʬ˵ʬͻֱӳ֣һȭԷ򱬡
ƾͿˣƷ䵭˵˭˶Ȳ㣡
ǰҵĿΪѾ޵ôãһܣҾͽƳΪܣ
ĿųƷ·ϴŲãϢһ㡣
õĻԿɣ
ƷŽ棬ǲ⽭ûʱָΪʱƣԽԽ뾫ϣɷ
仰˵ʱ䣬ͬǶġ
ǿ޵ģȻȴڲϲϵıǿͨԪҩڽһķ͡
ڣ̲סˣһ޴˵𶯣ǹⶼžҵĹâ·ӳǿһ㡣
ʱؼ䣬ʼۿɼٶȣ۵ϣУγ˿ֲһѳ
ʲôֶΣȻܹеĵ֮
Ȼ治ô׶Ը˵ģ
ľ֮սɣԽһͨ۷֮ս
֮ͨԲֻǾ֮޾ģ
رִڣ˶ڽֶΡ
֮ĵ֮Уʣһʮֺ˵ֶΡ
һѳԽԽͬģҲԽԽأ֪жٶصĿֲ
䣡
һȻеĿֲ˲˿Ҫնķһ㣬Ϊֲ
رִ֮Уֶܵһľ޷һ㡣
һҪµʱ򣬳ƷǷڵѪķӿµһ˲䣬
Ʒƺ죬Ȼʵ죬ɲǼĹָȭֻǼ򵥵һȭ貵ȭһ޴ޱȵޣӭ֮һϡ
¡
һοµײֱһŽըѿһǿµ˵
âڱһУһ˲䣬˵ĸйٶʧȥá
ٶܹʱȴǸ޾޴ȭͷһ֮ϣֲ¡
Ȼ˾ֻϽһ㣬һڽһ˲֮һһıѿ޷赲һȭ
أ
һ֮һֱӻĹâʧ١
ɫʱһףһܹزһѰͨزҲᱻһն䡣
ҲոͻƵ֮ͨ򵽵İ壬˭֪ȻƷһȭ˿
Ķߣ˳ƷĮΪ¿ƾôͨأǰ㲻УһУ
ųƷϷһɿֲϢһɫĹâٶȺɨԼܹһͷ޴ޱȵĽɫ
ǳƷ¥޲һȭȳٶ˫
ֻüǿһһͱɫ˸ɾȭ֮С
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ɳȥǧǿֹͣ˽ŲסΣվ̲סһѪ
һȭͱش


918 ƾ㣿ˣ
һƬţ˶סˣеɵˣǿ󣬻Ҳ˵ӹɵǿ
ȻˣһȭشѪ
Ȼͨһߵǿװ
Ҳɵøп˵
ͳƷǰŵʱͨģǰҲǼ¶ѡ
ʱĲ࣬Կͬʱͨ
˫ʵ˵ر
Ҳֻ֪¾ǳƷδͨʱԼĶ֣ȻҲû뵽һ֮󣬳Ʒܹǿز
ͬǿͨģһжֵסƷ֣ͽش˫һϵĴڡ
ûִ֧ˣһˣ
ףƽԪ˧Ц˵ֻǴЦŵʱǣ˿ڣϵĳ鴤
ϼһԼͻˣ۸ˣ
˸вͬ˼ǶڳƷս˶ֵ
ˣֻҲͬޱ𺳣ϿǴһıף£ôܹκε
֮ǰ±ͨĸΧȴˣǱľһ׵ķ
Щ˵Ĺ޷ƿ׵ķ
ȻڣƷֻһȭѣͽı׸ƿˣܵ˱ױһȭ˽ȥȭ˵
֮Ʒһȭжɼһߡ
ʱҲòԳƷĿֲļɵ
ֶΣֻƾǿֲƷԺɨǿС
ӺͳƷӲƴѾǿԤϵĵˡ
ƷɱҽҪѪծѪһȡ
ƷĿţҲ˵Щ˸߸̫ˣǶȫȻѡԵ׷ɱƷˡ
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֮ԴԴϵڲͣתΪ
һˣȫѾȫתɷˣͬʮʮתʱҲѰҪӵľá
Ҳܵ˳Ʒ֮еĲмʱɫͨ죬һǬ跨
ʱ򣬽һӡͻȻһ˾ܹоؿʼƴƺһĪ֮пʼ
һĪȻĽ⣬ӿ˽֮С
Ŀ֮£͵һӰθ࣬㳤ߵףȫļⱬƤıһɽ⣬·Ľһ
ŭĿ
һڸֶ±ˣϳַŵʽܹһ·ˣûһֻУ涼ǰ׳յġ
ǲȺ飬ŸָӢ
ǶˣԴʵϣ˵ʷƳˣڴֱ֮ǰԪĹŴʱڣڸؾѾżˣǸڽ̣ƭ˵ֶΡ
ڴֱ֮ȻͺʲôгˣΪʱţҾҲǸǿ˶ѣȻҲûг
Ȼֻһ˵֪ʵϣΪľӢײ㣬Ȼ֪ʧˣ֮УС
ֻһҲǺ쾳磬쾳ãͨĸֻûһʹõġ
ΪٻνĴ񣬻ԼҪϺܶ࣬Щͷͨ־ĸ˵ûʲôô
ȻʩչģȻͬ
죬׺Ϣ·һ˲䣬һһ㡣

˫֮˸ѪɫĹâĽɫγķʥִڸǵаϢ
˲䣬ˣеɱɱȫ˹ɱʵ廯
ովֵͨĴսɱطҪʵ̫ˣֱһսһ㡣
ֻһЩͨĸ֣ףƽԪ˧˶о˼ȵΣգһܹ׽رִһ
е˼ˣ
Ʒ˷˵Ҳˣһ˲䣬ָȭ֮󣬻һޣӭһϡ
أ
һ޴ĺ·ײһ
˵ײֱײ˻Ľ
ʩչ˽֮󣬽Ϊǿ̫࣬һƴ֮˿ٶȷĳųƷնȥ
ƷҲҵһöһȫѪȭӰϡ
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һۻҵƴµսನûһС


919 棬
򵥣ֱӣ
˵ս˵ĸо
֮ͨսʽĵǷǳټǱƴͨѧ
У滹ͨƷʹֻǱƴΪˡ
˶ĿɿڴĿ⾪˵սһĻ
ۻҵĽַʽʵ̫ˣһܹɾ޴ƻ
˫սǲʤâȭݺᣬ˶ԷϣҲǻȻ⡣
˫ңңԡ
ܾûдôˣ
ƷЦһսȫѪ
ȷʵҲܹһϸ¡
ȻƷȣԾûôˣƷƾܹ飬ȴòǿϣһսƲ·磬ʵļ
ϵĽⶼѾûôҫˣʱҲ˺ܶࡣ
ԽǽԽǷֳƷĿֲӣĵԽԽ󣬻ڽһļǳƷȴڲϵıǿԽԽתΪ˷ڲϵıǿ
ҪǣѾˣͳƷ׳ĸûñȡ
͵Ϊֹˣ
Ʒȫһս֮УѾȫΪ˷ʱѾȫȹͨΪսҲﵽһǰδеĳ̶ȡ
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ڷ⣬ķ˿ȫڣƮɣȫѪ۵һ
˲䣬Ͷˣһ䣬ɲǼĹ򣬱Ѿɱ˳Ʒǰˡ
ϵɱڱյİ壬ɱҲһ˲䣬ȫ޾޵֮ơ
꣡
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ƷҲ׶ˣѪͬһƣȻûɲãͬʱѪ֮У֮ڻƣʼս壬ľȫ˳
䣡
â£ضи˿
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һӴĵâڳƷȭѹ֮£һһı˿˲ѡ
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ȭƷһ˵ĵâ֮󣬼ɨֱŽ˹ȥ
أ
һȭ˽ϡ
Ʒȭͷǵһκ˽ϣ֮ǰڽֵʱ˫йڱ˴˵ϣȻԶԷɹʲô̫˺
һβͬһȭƷˣڴﵽֽ׶۷֮ĳ֡
סˣ˲ɵþѵƷĹҪӱסȻֹĳ־սô
Ȼ˶û뵽ǣδ䣬ϲõĽȻʼˣһһѿ
Ľ޺һ˲ѡ
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ѪˣƷײ֮У˴Լ֮ǿһڳƷǰôһ
һоо˺ͳƷ֮Ĳࡣ
žһ˭Ҳû뵽ľٶǾתӡ
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ֻҪܹѣȥ⣬ҲȻǿУһôһоˣĽҲᱻ
ߣƷŽӴܵӰֻЦһ
̧֣ӳһöӲңĵֱγһ޴ĴųųϣĵʼϯպӲϡ
һɿֲĵڻγɣһ޷赲Ŀֲӹա
䣡
һֱӺ˽ӴܵӰϡ
Ӵܵٶȷǳ죬ǻǿ첻һ塣
ȻֻһҽУ屻պ䱬Ѫը˿
棬
˺һ˲Ŵ±Ƶ״̬֮зӦˣǸս꣬аܼǵǰ˳Ʒϡ
ȴʶˣҹһսǿ϶סˣҲһȫµսƵ


920 л
һڻɱ˽棬Ʒһ
ʵϣĴڣ˵һ޴Ӱ
ΪĴڣҶͼ˵ֱӵвûа취ͽԿڿһˡ
û˽棬⣬ܹв˾Ѿˡ
Ʒһֱֻ֣Ӿͽһͷβ׺ɽͼĿռ֮Уһͷβ׺Ҳ˿ķ
ųƷǿвһնɱüʵԶ֮ϵ֣ͨ콫ŵð
ǿͨصĽ棬ͨʲôɽ֮УҲ׵Ĵ
ھôˣʱУƷֱǶħƤĶħ
ҷҿ϶Ʒˣʵϣʲô¡
β׺֮󣬳ƷʽʱرִҲʼæµսǽˣսҪʰ
Щȥͨĸֵʬ壬ҲǼֵǣ޷ġ
бƵĽҲҪޣе˵ĲкҲҪʰ
עһ֮ҹ
Ʒ棬£ףƽԪ˧ˣ˼˶˳֮󣬱ųƷرִ
˷׷׸Ϊ׵ȻǳƷ
һΣλǰԮƷм
ƷףƽԪ˧˹˵
ڳЩУ˼ĹϵȻ˵棬ҲԼˣƷҲǳĺᣬȻѾϵˡ
ϵǵϵڳ˵ģڳ˵ԼȻûʲôֱ
ԳƷ˹ֵлҲ֡
ϴٵǻˣϷһϹͷˣ㱻ˣ˺ǺһЦ˵֮Եʮ׽
ףƽԪ˧ҲΪ⣬⹫ҵϲˣҲҵĺȻʲôңЩϣҲǸһѵѣ
Ʒ֪Ȼʲôû˵Ҫģ㿪˵λǰΪΨ֮ϣɾͣλŶӦ˵ƵͨԪɣ
Ʒô˵ˣ棬ףƽڵ˶ǰһǳ棬̫˽ͨԪˣϾǳҵĵڶͨĸ֣ôġ
˺ףƽ˽΢һ㣬ȻͨԪЧٻ֪һЩġ
֮ǰĳƷĵʦԴٵ£ٵ˼꣬Ϊ̷ͨԪ֮ΪǣһͻƵͨ硣
Ҫ֪ڵ֮Уûһͨ·̸ʲôͻôһ˵ǣԼ츳۷壬ôһлͨ
ƷƵͨԪͬĿǰûʧܵİ
ǿǰٷְܹͨͷǳѵˣȻҪͻƣҪ۷壬ʸȻǵ£ȱ۷弶ĸ֡
ҵȻὫһ嵥ǣǰͨԪҪҩҪһöͨ޵ڵƷͨԪҪҩ嵥ȥ˵ڻ𲽽׶εĵڳŴҲ̫ܡ
ҩƣǣĶʵ̫ˣǿһҩ嵥ܹ²ĳģȻǵּǾһˡ
ѾʽֻҪһҩ嵥ͿԸʽƳƵĹ̡
ˣ겻Ҳֻһô
ãû⣡
϶¶ϲɫɽׯѸߣƷٵΪҲվѾߵĺꡣ
ʱһ󱸽ӰˣҪ顣
֮⣬֪棬λǰӦǿͨкܳʱ˰ɣոյõһЩͨĵãӦܹλͻƣ
Ʒּ˵
Եܹо˵ĺ˵ղųƷæͨԪǿ󱲵ĻôڿɾֱӶǱаˡ
ͨغͨصĲȻ˵ֻ֮ǰ˵һˣȻƷᵽǲܷϽǿϾ֮ǰһ廹ش
ֻ˵Ʒ̫ǿˡ
˵ģҲ˲ˣæʵ
Ӧûʲô⣡Ʒ˵ͷͨ붼ʮ֮꣬Ȼ˵ֻȱһͻƷǰ·˻ͿͻƵߵľˡ


921 ·
ڳƷ˵ȱľͻƵķˣͨڣѾϵľ磬ȻڳŴȴˡ
Ǹʱ򣬸ţ壬ȱͨͨͻҪ㣬ŶͬģǴϣǴͬСġ
ڳƷ˵ֻ˳֮ͣǶڳ棬ףƽԪ˧˵ڸǵĶ·֮ͨ·
ǵҪ˵ȻױȣһͻƣǾܹȫ·֮ϣϾɽ壬ʥصȵطͨصĸֲࡣ
ҲǳƷΪ׼л
ûô˵ΪܹõĺôʱҲܹãϾ滹ǻὫݾ鴫
˼͸ںˣǵĹϵ˵ʲô
˵˵ֻüǲУսض˲٣ҲˣȻǵõȣǾ͸ʲôˡ
ҲǳƷҪЧȻͻԣӵ˺ܶ£ЩƵˣǾ͸ܿɹˡ
ҲЩ˻㹻ĺô
Ʒ㹻˼ûпˣ
ʱףƽԪ˧Цſ˵
ȻѾ˵ˣºĴҲҪۿˣ
ףƽԪ˧䣬˵Ŀⶼ˳ƷƷѾΪ֮ףʵǿɣ޻˵
ңƼҼȻú˵УʲôӦúҵĽǣҵϣϣȫɱȻפңвģһɴƽʱˣΪ֮ˣҲһոԵУǹǹΣûǣģѺһӣн֮ǲɢأٶȾۼƷԼԭ˳
ãͰ죡ףƽԪ˧аһ³ƷʢϳԿҪҸϾɱ
ǿ»Ȼ󲨣ϾͬϴԵĴ̽ڣЩ˿ɶӢͬϵϵԼԶһЩĸ壬ˣȻ˶ıƾųɾŵ˶֪ôһ¡
ɱˣɱ֮˿ɴ򣬵ʱ˭壬ƷҲᱻɱħͷ
ӴȻҲǼõģûɱһͨҵϣϵ˺йϵȫˣ˱ɢأҵûѳɶ֡
ңƼǿʢʱҲ֪˶ˣЩ˲侮ʯͲˣҪ븴ûܡ
˽ҺͻƼ֮⣬ĪĪ¼ҹˣûʲô˵ģеӣһͨͨ޾һһ壬ңҲ׷ŹҪǸһĴ𸴣Ʒ˵
Ҳʲôؿ֮ˣǺפ½صļȷ棬пܣƷҲ⽫
ˣҪ˵ľЩǶȥ׼ɣǵĲ϶ˣҾͿԳƵҩˣƷ
˷׷׸뿪ֻܿʣ˳Ʒ˼ˡ
һҹĴսĻڶâ˺ѿҹĻ
ִ¥ܲ¥֮ϣɫأһĽ꣬һжȾĶ˼λõɫʡ
Ʒ˼˶⽫ǵӰĺܳ
ֻ˶ڳƷ˵飬˵鶼ܶ࣬Ʒæ˼Ҫһһ߹ƼӴ
Ǽһɵơ
ֻǲ˵Ҳܹоǳİ
ѵõϾʱʱȴΪϵһսַˡ
ǰ󳬹ʮλλ۷ͨĸֳ֣ǺεȺ˵飬˵ǰ󻹳ú˵䶯顣
ȻֻǺرִرִУرִںܶ˿ֱӺҲûʲôˡ
ؽĵһУͬʱҲһȰ˵߽һϣ˵Ƿ
ڣȻú˵УϣȻ󲨡
ܿ죬ԭίѾϴȻǣǽҺͻƼȻ˲ĪĶ漰˺壬ɽͺжԵ
ΨнҺͻƼм󱬳Ȼַ˺˵һȻ󲨡


922 һҹ֮䣬·
֮УнѾֹһζù˵ˣǹ߷ˣǻƼЩú˵Ĵȴࡣ
Ǻ˵ǳʮͨĸ֣ǣ֣壬ɽȻÿһϢޱȵ𺳡
ֹģĴսһ㶼ֻᷢɽģսʱ򣬲ſܷײ
ϣеźűˣһֱսĽϱˣ֮ȴкܶԶԶøն¼һЩսƬΣȻԶ֮ϣܿĺ
Ȼ㵽Ļ棬ʮ־ˣ
ҹĻ֮УһƬҰЩսֱͨǿѪһ񷡣
ΰֵͨĿ£һһһ̧㣬ֱĹѷɫ޴ըСս˵Ҳˡ
ܿ죬˸ЩɢɢͬǶƵϴսĹ̡
һ׵ֵͨĽ֣ЧȾЧ֪Ҫ¶ˡ
ֻƵ˿ŵ־ܹһɽƬ
Щʵͳߡ
˹⿴ƵҲܹóرִһĸ·磬Ǹս߶ֻ˼Ǳ߻ãѹһͷ޴
һͷµԭΣҲ˿ŶƵˣǿߵ
ڽ֮սַ˸ı䣬ˣףƽԪ˧κһµĶ֣ףƽԪ˧֮е
Ȼֵ£ɱȫѹơ
ֲֿսĸ׶ĬˣЩͨǿȻҲܹףףƽԪ˧̫ˣʵΪ֮ͨ󣬽ʵ̫ǿˡ
ĿҲˣɱƷʣƷǲ赲סʵ֮Ľġ
˶ôΪʱսǧһ֮ʣƷͻȻô׵ĳˣΪЩĵطңԶĵطĿرִϣԺ̶ܶ㲻ֻ㵽ͻ䣬ȻƷճ
ոպճĳƷ͵ķǸѪɫ̸ˣȻǻƼ档
Ȼһͷ˵һ͸ˣĪȵһһǿ˼µĸ֣һԺհ
ǶڳƷ£ȭžͱֱӴˡ
Ŷ˽棬˶Ѿʲô飬ƵͲ׽㲶׽˶ҲǱһŷڵѪеӰֻܿŹڷײ
һʵִͨսһһҹ˱Ϊͻ֮ĳƷܹ뽭ƽ־Ѿʮ־ˡ
Ȼ˭ֹ֪˶ѡ
Ʒ֮ȭžʹ˽棬֮ǰƼ棬ĪҲûκε
Ʒǿʵɴ˲Ϊ֪
һϵеƵ֮˶ɵˣ˴ĸڶϧⲿҲҪһٽƷ
ڣ֮ǰĿҲͲʲôˣĿҲܼ򵥣ǳųƷͻƵʱϾɱ
ӼƲ˵Ⲣûʲô⣬һһͨصĽӦһʧŶԡ
ŽչϽпգ֮ͨͨУǺεȵĵλѰͨĸܹᲢ۵ġ
ûмĸ֡
ȻǿĽ棬Ȼ˳Ʒϣͷβȫѹ
Ѷȣ
ھͬʱҲи˳ĬˣڳƷʵ
⻥ϣҲ˽һֵ͸˳ƷȻһֶͳ
Ȼʱͳ䲻δ֪
ҪǣͳȣƷ̫ˣںܶ˿Ŀ£ȻֻжʮѣһոմӴѧҵѧ
˻ѰѰҵʱѾĶ֣նɱͨأɱһ㡣
ڲǣδΪһ֣Ҳǰ϶飬𾪵ġ
ϻΪƷǷһֶ۲ݵʱӺرִȭ֡
ҺͻƼңֲĴ⵽˴һҹ֮䣬ҵϵԱ˫棬еԱ⵽顣
һҹ֮䣬·ݡ


923 ϴϴ
ҺͻƼҵ鲼⣬ܶǵĳԱеҪְ
˵Ȼ䴥뵽¸ײ㣬ж˺йϵ㲻
Ҳ֣˴ƷնɱһɱˣҾ͵һӡ
᲻ɴݵһҹ֮䣬ͱݻˣȻףƽԪ˧һϵټرִʵϣֻǳ䵱һߵá
Ϊ̨ǣʵ̫Ӵˣµҵ鲼ֵ޷ڱ֮һֻᱻҹϷ֣ΪֱҵԵ
ʣµҲƽȥеȻصչ˵ľǳңƼңɽׯ壬ŶҲзһЩҲǺܶ࣬Ҳƾµһʺơ
ټҺܶ඼֮ռݸλ𣬾ͻճ֪λã˵Ȼһʢ磬һ񻶡
֮УҲˣ˶ˣ־ʮּҲζţҪңҪԡ
ôЩҲѾϰģʽЩһֻ۱һֻۣһ¶Ҫһʱǲڱﵷҡ
˵̵飬ưݻ̣Ӱа֮⣬־
ҪǣһжıǴ˶ֵͨ־ҫ۵Ȼɱһͨͨ˽ĳƷ
δͨʱ򣬾ɱͨɱһοڿͨǾǵһˡ
ͳƹǰǰڳƷͨѾʮʲôЩ˶ڵĸֵĻƷѾһ֮һϵ֮еͨĸ֡
Ѿ˽Ʒͨսˣϵͨûһк³ġ
ݻ̽ţһƣ˵ץУͱץˣһ׶ûУΪϮرִػĶӡ
ⲻǼëƤС£˫вȥƤҲˣǳƷԲôģô㼦ëƤС£ͰѰݻ̽ץУһе
ܲǻǱˣҲӸλˣ֮еɱ˵λÿᡣ
ûұҵıӻ֧֣ҵԱûκεֿ
Щģ֮е֣붼رִ飬ϱ𣬶ʣµҲȨš
˱õ˸أ϶Ҫ¿ʼĽ踶֮һ棬Ϊɻҡ
ǶôʹĴۣڵĳƷʵԳԽܹļޣ󲿷뷨С
˭Ҷ֣
ͬû˸ҶԽ涯һ
οԽǿʢھѾͨǿٲȻѾһ壬λ֮ס
ҵĸ𣬲ͬڰݻ̺Ӱ̵ĸ𣬰ݻ̺Ӱ̴󲿷⣬ȻһЩҵܵ˵ģǺܴ
Ҳͬ䴥Ǳ鲼ֱӼΪҹ볬ˡ
һΪӴֶ֣μΪ죬ܿƽΪϴҲˣû󻯡
£Ҹ飬ٶȱȶȥ
ϣ۵ȳûͣЪǹڳƷʵҲ۲ݣЩóƷѾԽ˵ͳȻ󲿷˶ͬ⣬ȻڳƷʵѾǿߵУȴǵõһµͬ⡣
Ƕʮ꣬ʹ󲿷˶һͣȻҲջķ˿ϾƷֻǿһЩôֻ󲿷˵ĽʺޣǳƷǿ̫̫ˣܹ˵ǿڡ
ֻûĽʺ޵˼
ƷۿҲҪΪһĹż
ڳƷ˵ϵĸۣȴ޷Ӱ쵽ѵܵƽʱ䡣
һս֮󣬳Ʒһֱסڳլ֮еıС
ʱ䣬ǲϵָ㸸ĸУоõС
Ȼ֮ǰֻһߣʵΪϵֱ˷츲صı仯
۹ʹǰȫͬˣֻӵʼлãԼеĸǡ


924 ʱţ
гƷ쵤ͲȱĸҲܿͿ쾳磬ûʲô⡣
гƷ쾳ĸĵãڳƷǮƵĸֵҩԤģĸ۷徳Ҳֻʱ⣬ʱͨѶҲǺܴ
ΪƷѾʼ׼ˣһֽҺͻƼرִҲֳһƷΪ˵ȻҲǽֱ࣬ӵʽǧڣټµĸֹ˾Ҳ൱һֱƷߡ
ɽӵҩ˾Ѿԭĵĵҩ˾һ޴ĲƷɽӲƷ
ȻƷǲԳģ󲿷ֵ鶼·说ڳƷİ֮£츳Ǻǿ·ҲѾ쾳磬ܹӴ˾ĸ
ɽӲƷҵ鲼ֵѾڣ⻹ǳƷûù˾УһУ뷭ʮʲô⡣
Ϊ߳ɹɷݵߣƷҲȱǮл֮ǰһͷ޾һǿߵڵ
ʱƳöͨԪҲĸʹãʱǿͨʲô¡
õгƷҲһֱڹעţ̶µʱ䣬ѾͻͽͻƵ˺۷ľ磬𵱳ĳƷҪһЩ
ȻڵĻ𵱳ƷҪõöˡ
ƷԵУѧ֮еĴ˵һһǹɱģڳȻδԼĸǳƷѧĸ߲㶼֪ݡ
ǵԭӳƷˣҲ˿ĶЦǿͨĸ֣ƷŭҪɱǣͬΪͨУס
ƷҲᶨ˸ȥõĵҩдеĸĵãЩǮ򲻵ģκһڣǾܵһЩĵá
ͬʱҲŵʦսҲȱʵսĶֵһǣڲ֮ǰ˳ȡ˽߿״ԪѹʽĻ˸·ǿС
һʱ˵룬Ͼһٶ֮ǰֻԵţֻо˸߿ȫŽ̨Ŀ飬Ͽɡ
˺ʵ࣬ǿҲǺأȴѾǺ۷壬ǳƷѹΪֻ̻Ѿˡ
ϾųƷôһͨĸָ㣬Ϊͻͽء
ˣҲˣһѧǰһ죬ҲǳƷһ컹Ҫˡ
ֻ˼ѣһƺ𵱳Ʒһ컹ҪǿһЩˣǳ棬𵱳㲻ȫո¶ͷǵĳƷǲ֪ǿĶȥˡ
𾪹Ҳͽˣ󱲵һһǿҲʵʵϣҲΪ˳ôһѧôۣĻǰҲûôš
еվǵͷˣΪ֮ǰŵİͨԪ飬ڻˣƼңɽׯгҵݣףƽԪ˧һݣټϳƷҪƵĸĸ׼ͨԪһöͨԪ
˳Ʒǵõ޾һֵڵ֮⣬ҶֶͨΣȥ뷽跨Ĺ򣬻߸ɴֱɱɽͨޣһЩ֮Ǵˡ
𵱳˵Ҫ򵥵ĶˣϾ棬ףƽԪ˧˵ΪҪɱͨѶȲǺܴ
˼ΪͬͨҲҲѹ
֮ǰƼҷ˺ܴ۲Ūһöͨһصڵ˵Ҫ򵥵Ķˡ
ƷҲǺ֪һսƼ۷壬ʮ֡
ֵʧ޷
ʱƼ¹עһΪ˼ͻƽͨѾ׷ˡ
ҪöͨĵҩڻδͨĳƷ˵϶ʮͷۡ
ڵ˵Ͳʲô⣬ԭһ¯ֻһöҪС
ڳƷһ¯ͿͳͳˣûʲôѶȣΪͻͽϵΪҲͻͽ
Ȼδ͵ȴ˵û˵ʵļ䣬Ҳһ˵ˮƽߡ
öͨԪƷֻ죬ͳͳɡ
˽öͨԪ˳ȥ֮ʣµöͨԪǽ˸ĸԼѡʲôʱ̷ͻơ
ȻٽѾѱ˵β׺˼ﱣĸ֮󣬳ƷȻ뿪˳լ


925 ױк
޾ױ֮⣬ǿ޶ҿĽɺ
֮ϣӰ̤˶УǾκ׸ߵΣ䵽⼸Ӱϵʱ򣬶ײһĵķ飬׵˻˺С
һһŮ꣬еͦΣһɫװΪ
ǸŮһɫĳȹƮƮɣ·ǹһ㡣
˵һͷһԷͨտɫޡ
ӰȴǱˣǳƷ˼꣬ټޡ
ʱ֮󣬳Ʒٶױ⣬˵еʥء
ȻѾͨȻֹȻ׾
еʵļ䣬ȱ֮иеҪҲһǻ۲̫ˡ
ͬģ˼꣬Ҳˡ
Ŀǰͨ˵ǳưԣȻڳƷʵԶԶ
Ųεߣ۽ҲͲһһˣĿǰΣķʵԽǿԽܹӦΣ
ױɾһʥأУ飬˵°빦
ں֮󣬻ʼսҲӵֱ
ױ˼˺ÿüͷܵĸоһ˿
Ȼ岻Ѱʣ˵ǳף̫֮֮ػܵĸо
ױȻ׵磬Ǵӿѧ˵׵ҲһȻܹգҺ˵ʥأ°빦Ʒ˵ͷ˵ʼսԶһҪĶ࣬ΪˣҲһҪʮڵٶȣиֵҩĸҪͻƵ¸Ҫһ꣬Ȼܸܳод·Ҫʱ䣡
̫ˣвף˼ȻҲȴֱܹá
ҵʱԴһ׹ΪƷ˵һڳŴһܣΪʾٵһţһҲܹؼĸΪãʱŨĵط°빦ˣҪҲͨ磬쾳ھδȫͨǿѰ·ˣ
˼ԣʱǰһҪ֪ͨĸ־ֱܹؼΪãѰ֮ɽȥ
ǿҪЩ֮ǲѰ·ʲôƷںʣյʱϸֱӵ罹ˡ
ɸʱЧֻҪܳԵܹΪã
Ʒ˵ţͽʼսмصһʽû˼Ժ֮УҲܹͨͨ
˼۾鿴ƷȻֻǵõô򵥣֮⣬иֵĵãһʼУܷȫ˳
ɽеѶȽ͵ͣ˵ġ
ҲЩĿųƷܾƺƷϲŸָܣŸָĹʹС
ڳƷĴҲиָĲ²⣬ȻֻûһµöԵġ
Ʒһ׵ĳһԶ֪ʵĵʲô
Ѿˣ
֮˼۾ֱ˵
츳ϳƷ͹ļϸָϣҪٲᣬǲŲ
ҲֻǳգĻҪȵʵʩ֪֮
ȻˣǾͿʼаɣ
Ʒ
˾;ֱױ֮УһξѾױ֮ûˡ
ױ֮У˼֮ǰƷ˵ܼôһ£ױ֮вףױ֮еܼ֮֮ǰҪʮ
ĵһʱ䣬ʮ׵
̿ʼת˳ƷոմڹЩ̺֮
ˣǵһʱоԼľ˵ˣȷʵ£Ȼһʼˣһ˸Ч
ǰ棬ѾѾӷֱӷױĻ˵ֱ̫ˡ
ƷҲʼֻ˵Բˣһ
ܿ죬˼ҲͿʼѧųƷһˣһ֮Ϊá
£ʱҲһ޵֮Уš


926 ͻƣͨ
е˵ʱûκģǿ֮ͨҲǳ׳Խ˿ƼܹޣҲܹ꣬ꡣ
ʱѾȥ£ڽҺͻƼҵۣƽϢҲĳ̬
ʱ޿̶ǰ֮УûһõռǵߣǽңƼң˴ұҲˡ
һǷƼҲĳƽС
ױ֮Уһ޵УҲѾ뵽һƿ֮Уһ޶ǸոͻƵͨ磬ʱҲǺܾá
˵ͷ⡣
ױ֮УһʥأһĻôŨ̶ȣʮֻ˺ˡ
һƬİ壬Ҳӽ
˼֮У粻ϳоԼڵķѾﵽһǰδеĳӯ״̬޷ˡ
̶µʱ䣬Ѿͨһ۷壬ֻ֪Ҫˣӵٶȿƾˡ
һ޵Уǵ֮Ѱ˵ʡ
ÿɵһּΪֲ
Ǻһǧ׵ĳƷȣͲʲôˣԶԶȥʱĳƷ֮УתʼΧϣɽȥ˽ȻγһС
ֱʮףΪˣһС͵ķ籩
˵ÿɵѾʮ־ˣͬѰʵ֣ͨѾĻôƷɽȥ뻹ʮ
ֻݣǳƷͬǼֱɣ֮дĳһ㣬ɵء
ôֲȻƷȴһ޵׶һ߲ܣն١
⼸죬ҲܹоƷյҲڴﵽһޣһƷҲѾͨһ۷塣
սսʱ򣬴ʱƷԿֲĶˣ˼Ĺƣ棬ֻ½ֲôʱ䡣
֮ǰǳƷδȫƿضͨ˷һЩʱˡ
Զ޲ϵĴŷױƲ㣬ֱ֮Ȼַȥֱȫִ˲ƣ
Ҳ޵ʽϾ岻ͬͲͬҲǴྶͥ
ֳ֮£ҲһǧͬҲѾﵽͨһ۷ƿ
⼸죬˵ǹؼʱ̣
һ˼ҲͲˣͬʼͻ֮ǰãȻ޴룬֪֮ͨУƷѾһָͨϣֱǰ̳һ
ֻҪһָϽУδͨأﵽǰδеĸ߶ȣҲûпܵġ
ʱƷǲ֪Լ˼ĿĽ㣬ѾȫĵͶ֮УһЩ֮һ߳ͻơ
֮У޺˼յû֪࣬˶ﵽ˺̶ֳȡ
ôһЩеĶ츣֮Уֻ»ὫСеһɹ⡣
˵עˡ
ͲõЩ
һ޷գȻױ˵Ǿţһë֮޾ġ
۵ԽԽӴ󣬰ʼͨأͬʱԺ֮УʼɢһĹâһǰδе״̬
κͷһԾһе·ǰδе
һּΪѵõĶ״̬ͨбˣ˾ˣû򵽣û򵽡
ۣȱһɣ
еĳɹʱȫ˳ȫʼɢһһɫĹâʥˡ
ʱ䣬һڳƷ۾ڵͻһϣﵽһǰδеľ硣
ͻƵһ˲䣬籩ʧ٣Ȼȴһ֮£۳һӣӿ˳Ʒ֮С
ոͻƵĳƷǴˮױˮһ㣬Ҫ䡣
һСʱ˺ĳƷֹͣҲȹס˸ոͻƵͨصľ硣
ڣͻˣ


927 һ󱩶
ͻƣ˾֮󣬳Ʒоֱǰδеǿ
ﵽһ۷壬ڱ˵ͨأͨأƷսʤ֮ʼսǿɡ
һΧ˼ͻƣҲѾΪؼʱֻ̣»˼ʱܹҲɹͻƵͨء
ȻȻͨ˼սȣرģ˱㹻ǿġ
ǸոͻƵ˼꣬ҲԻܰݻ̽Ӱ̽Ĵڡ
޵ͻҲ⼸ˣǰŵĹ򣬳ƷһܹȫΣһ㶼÷ģҲֻ˼ˡ
Լˡ
Խǿ󣬶ڳƷ˵ôȻҲԽ
ƷμԽ֮䣬ѾױҪ΢͸͸նϣʹһĺ
Ƶ绰һȴǱˣȻǳ¡
һģ˳Ʒ֮һ
ôˣƷеֵʵ
²ˣ
æ˵
ʲô飬˵
Ʒ˵
û˵һ¿ʵ
ҡҡͷ£ô࣬иֱָʤ鲼ܹеطط֮صġ
ΪػıζҪ˲أЩǻݶѵ顣
ƷƽʱЩҲû̫˽⣬ΨһһνӴǵڸ߿ʱǸ
Ʒܿͨն˲ѯܿͲѯ˹һϢʱΪȣΪ鱨ķּͼһǾżһҪвĵʸ񣬾͵߼ϵȨޡ
⻹֪һĴڣҪѯϢҪżȨޣ֮УżȨ޵ģֻаͳڵˣƷ߹ٶֻǰ˼Ȩޡ
һһ飬Ʒ֪ΪʲôıܼôˣΪ֮йѺķˣûһˡ
˵һҲʸѹһ֮Уܱȥģζ쾳ĸָ֣ǲܷػģ߿ģ̫ǿˣֻҪᣬпֳ
ҲôľȥѺЩˣЩһ㶼ǱѺرļ֮УȻһּҪߵĶࡣ
ܹؽȥģĶϵĴ㶼Կһҵ
Ȼ翴ǴˣֻСබѣ鷳оȻѺŲͨĸ֡
ֻмѣвٵͨĸ֣ʵ̻أȻֻµЩ֣һʱ䣬ܹѹһֳ˴ɱͳľ¡
ǾǺڰʱǸʱ֮УЩͨĸһµס
ǿɲһͨĸ־ܹγӵľģЩ½½ͱѹˣѺǵĵطĵһ
Ҹող鿴һ£һһ鷳ĵطʲôôƷ˵
ˣ̽ɽĴ˵һż˵ЩˣÿһѪһǳôӦ׵İɣ
Ʒó¶˵Ҳ֪һƣﷸܳˣôжôء
ֱ˵ͱˣ
ûмǴĻղҲϵʱһӦû֪ɣ
Ʒ
ȨĵһΪ˱֤ԽҲ·ǿ˴⣬ʵǽڸ߸ߵ֮ϵģÿʱÿ̶ڲϵƶС
λ֪꣬ˣ˶ѡ
ƷȨҲ޷֪꣬ʾģһӦǰŴĳһŵżɵġ
һͨеĴ󣬳֮⣬û;Ϊλöû֪ϵ
ôصĻΪʲôᱻ֪ƷȻɵһس̶ȣԴӽ볬˰꣬ûзκ⣬س̶ȣȻˣڻǳˡ
ڻûа취ȷҲ׷ʱ򣡡ҡҡͷ˵Ѿһսֹۣɽһξۼ̫֣Ͻϻɣ


928 ִһս
ó¶ΣգƷſһεһжˡ
һ֮ô궼ûг⣬ΪرƼΪλʵ̫ˡ
ΪرƼɭϣôʱ򷴶ðˣΪҪĻױ˹ơ
ǵһİȫǽ޷׽һϵģȻзȻӦǻġ
ڵĺֶܶϹȥˣڵģֻ޶ȵͨˣǵʱ䲻ֻ࣬սپ
¿˵
ƷʱҲӵĸ֣ʵߣЩҲҪɢ
ԭİ˴ҵķչ׳󣬻иŵķչ׳ҲΪˣʵҲܼе
˴ҸռݵһУͬʱҲػǸܱ߼С
Ϊĵ˺̣ܶ࣬ɽк壬ֶʥء
бҪˣǱġ
ҲζţѾ˼ΪΣյĳ̶ȣ̯̫󣬵Ǹȴûô࣬ҪǣѺڵһ֮еЩ֣һȫ֮֡
֪ˣϸϻȥƷ˵ͷ˵
㵽׶ȥֻǱдܹ͵һȥ˽㣡˵
˵˫͹Ҷ˵绰Ʒһ£ûдͻƵ˼ޣΪʵڱ˵ͨأͨضĶ֣㲻ǵһҲǰˡ
ˣٽˣҲûʲôá
ԳƷɴϢ֮󣬾;ֱ׶С
Ʒ˺ߵʱһҷɴڵųƷˣڵ˵Ȼųġ
Դȷʵǿν֮кУˡ
һСʱ֮󣬳ƷѾ׶У׶ǱߣȻҲ׼Ʒ׶һ֮С
صĺģһԲ׵ľʹά͵һ֮ϵ
ѾˣĻ״ԶＯϣȫǸ߼ϵĻף켶ս
ͨǲڵģ֮Уͨ˸޷棬ֻͨĸ֣ſ֮档
л׾űߣȥ֧Ԯһսˡ
Ʒ֮󣬵һ̾ת˳ƷûеȴãǼӶѣƷվ˴֮С
⻹ǳƷʷһʹôΪҴڣܹõĴʵ࣬İڵʼ֮еĳŴ֮Уǳձ顣
ƷǰһֻΧһǣԼƷת˻ʼһɫɫָоʧ
ٶ۾ʱ򣬲ŷ֣ѾһƬ֮С
ߴףƽףԿսͣ˵ĸ·ˡ
ս̣¶һЩ
ĴսۿžҪΪżĴսˡ
㣬㣡
ȫ㣬ûжʱˣ
ֽкϡ
Ʒ֮Ͼһװ˹
˿ųƷȻƽǻ¶˼־ȣҲŹƷͷǼ滹ǵһΡ
ƷǶʮͷӣȻ̲ס𾪡
ûǳƷǣƷʵ
һĸӿ˵
ƷеԾĿҪ֪ĸ֪֮УҲһͨĸ֣Ȼֻͨһضѣ֮УѾԿˣȻֻǸ
һߣʵ䱸һǵڶӦÿ⣬ﲢѰĵطǱҪССģ
ף
Ʒ˵ͷ˵ȫԵһΣյĵط˵䱸ͨĸһ㶼֡
սΣƷʵ
Ҫսֳ棬һⲿս棬ǼףƽԪ˧ǳ棬Ԯĸ棬Ԫ˧ˣֿɽĽУоڲ֮еﷸıǵĵһѾȥѹ
ƷҲ۾ɢ˾鿴սҲǿͨ
ĿǰƷʵȫɢԲϰٹﶼȫƿ֮УһͨҲܹ̽鵽ʮﷶΧڵһġ
ڳƷ֮̽УսѾȫȻĽ׶ˡ


929 Ҫɱ
ڳƷĸ֪Уһʵһ޴ޱȵĵ죬ֻ첢ƯںϣƯ޾֮ϡ
ֻڣ죬ѾȫҪˣôĸ죬Ѿ׵׳ΪһҪ
ɰǧŴڷкŻӵڣڣиʽĴڣʲôը֮ը֮ĸȫкſµĻ
ǵĶ棬ƷȫͬǣҪĶ棬ȻʮҾ޴ķɴͬȫĻкһ֮ϡ
Ǽڽһ
ֲָĻ໥й໥ԷʱһĽ󷨶ˡ
Ʒǵһ彻սܿȻˣܹӳŴżзչôĿƼ֮ҲͬÿƼҲ֡
Ͼ˴˶кĽ죬֪߿Ƽжôķˣô֮еԵ״ڣȻڿƼԺ࿹⣬ǿҲܶǰԭʼ
ڶԺ֮⣬޵ɱߣǿ֮ͨУûа취֮档
ЩͬЩÿһ϶һַĵĹâַܹ֮ս
һֽȻͬļڸ߿սͬһȫϵ
ɽȻͬ࣬ôܹϾˣʵȻ˵
սϣΪҫ۵ģȻЩͨĸֵĽ֣֮УҲסЩֵĽ
׵ģ֣ˣˣһǳ棬һףƽԪ˧˳ƷڵͻƵķ֮󣬱ѾΪˣǺѶȵľͻƵͨء
ǵĹۣ򣬱Ѿﵽ˵Ƿ켫Ļᣬľһѡ
ƷǸô
֮⣬һα뺷Ĵյս֮ݺ޼ɣΪȻҲѾﵽͨء
ƷҲ֪ݣǵһļ
һôΣգûǿĸʵС
˾ͭǽһ㣬εĶ֮УټԼĪŰ˾Ÿͨĸ֣ε˵һߡ
ǼˣȻ᧿Σͨĸ֣߲٣ɽǱֻ࣬һȥȫ߰Ҳֻʱ⡣
ʱҲֻܶú˵峡ˣҲһս򲻹ˣͺ˵峡ڶֵĲ棬Զ
սߺΣգ
Ʒ۾һ˵
΢ЩȵĿųƷλܹ֪ôԶľ룬顣
ͨĸҲǿ֣֮ʣƷֻ鴫
ڶôһǿԮȻǴ¡
ˣˣڴʱĸն𣬲˵绰̾һ˵
ô£üͷʵ
Ѻͨﷸĵһ͵ڶ˴ȥˣ˴УųЩͨﷸһҲѹסˣǸ˽˵
ɫʱ䣬Ϊ̫֮йѺĶʲôĴڣ˵һȺĴڣĸûиǧ˰֡
һͷųǶĳ޳̶ֻϾҪɾ
ҿûʱдˣҲˣǼĵһ͵ڶѺЩͨﷸģڱĴȥˣֻҪɴЩ˵ʵǵһֻҲǶ֣ҵøϽȥæˣ˵
ɣȥæӦûҪĵǲǣ
Ʒ̾˾ϣȻ濴ߴĺܣϾҪһʵϣΣѵģҪڲΣ
һЩͨųһˣұлֻЩ֣ߵʮһ
Ǿ̫鷳ˣʱϲ˵ʳƷʵǿ̫ˣгƷȥæܺùȥæ
ҿɱôƷʵҿЩ˲ԹԵĻصԼλϣƲѣҲֻǴɱˣ
ǲȫɱˣأ֮˸ĹâЩÿһõǵĵطˣܻžǶЩĶˣȻǲ飬ǾͶɱ˱ǣ


930 Ⱥ׳Σ
˵ʱ֮У˸ſ̹ǵĮЩ쾳磬ͨǷ˲ˡŻᱻץ
Ƶ׼죬ɱǣѾǲˣѾϸ⿪ˡ
Щ˻ҹؼʱǻˡ
û͸¶ǶʲôãǳƷҲµóЩܹزʣţҶо˵ǿõʲôǾ޴ջ
ֵͨĻ걾ûô׻ãĿǰΪֹδҵһȫͨͨĵ·ôͨЩ˵оɹɣҵһԴģͨͨ·Щð취ˡ
ȻЩﷸ˵ôȻʮֵĮҲ̸ʲô˵壬˵Щ˶һЩ׼죬Ʒһ㶼ͬǡ
ǶйףʵϾǻŵֵˡ
Ҳ޿ɺǣ
Ӻܾǰ֪ȻϿǹǼȻй⣬ӰӦ顣
ȻˣҾͲˣãҲ뿴ЩԾϸʱϼһмＸ
Ʒû˿ĺ£ֻȫѪڷڣս
Ҫ̫СЩˣЩ˸׼񣬵ܹץͺܲףвٶǴͳԳץģвΪΪȻЩ걻ѹţʲô粻۷ˣҲСֵͨĻظҲ֪ģֻҪһᣬ̾ͻᱬǿսƷţɵ˵
ȻóƷȷʵǿһЩǱǿܹȫѹЩȫ£Ҫ֪ЩУǿıȱȽǣǱʵļιѺţƽͨôסôˣ
ƷϾ̫ˣ̥￪ʼǿʲôزأҲͨضѣΪѾǲˣЩ׼֮ͽֻ»ǲġ
ģһȺʱļһѣǹԹˣնɱ
ƷϣԴ󣬶ǶԼʵžԵš
²Ϊ͵һϾ˳ʵڣڸضк˵²ΪϳˣըЩ飬õһͬھҲӳ
ʱҧ˵
Ʒ˵ͷ֣Σյĵطûаżֺ֣ǲ֡
ˣл˵ϳ˴ȥ
Ʒ˵
ܿ죬ˣųƷǰһ·ļ
ʱڵһ֮Уһ֮УʮӰ߸߷֮ϣÿһ϶Ϣһ־µơ
ǴʱӣʵҲΪǱϴ·Ҳõģ鿴Ϊήң·ж궼ûнʳһ㡣
Щ֮УΨһ˲ͬԼĪŶʮģüĿΪʲһۣޱȣЩǿ˼֣ͨ˵ǰһҪ¸߹ͷ­
ԶԶȥЩ˵Ľ£˵ʬͻ׵ĲкЩԭЩǿĿأ˵Щǰһֻһ˳֣ͽЩɱƬײ
ʬǶеľֻʣһƤˣһѪ·𶼱˸ɸɾ
Щǿ֮ͨУ߶żѪոձһЩصѪһ¶ġ
¸¸£û뵽ҾȻгһ죬һҪҪɱǧϣйͷ֮ޣ
γȥҵȿ֣Ǹһ췭ظ֪׾˭
赲ǰģͳͳҪ

Щÿ϶ԹЩ򱻹Ѻʮ꣬뱻Ѻϰ꣬Ƕͨĸ˵ҲһΪʱ⡣
Уܾ˿ڣҪЩܵĿȫйȥˡ
Ǹͷֻһжһ˷컭ꪣأ컭͵һӺݺնȥȻֱӻһֱӺȥһӾͺ俪һΡ
εУǹѺһΪϵߣͨ弫ΪȴĿֲƣЩòѹһӱ˳
ģǸվֻǿһЩͨĸ֣ЩͨĸȫǾһݡ
ϼһȻûҵ죬ǿϹŶˣкϷˣ
һͨ˵


931 һ
ߵͨĸҲɵþһ񣬼Щһһ֣Ҳ߸ϣҲ
Ǻȣƺʲôˡ
˿ߵ֮Уżڸǵļɵ
ΪǶ֪ߵҲ֪ĺպ
Ǻǣû뵽ҾȻлһ죡ĮһЦȻƲһЩͨȴҲǺ⡣
Ŀ⿴ǸΪ׵ˣ˵֮ˣΪʲôҪң
һֱӵݣͲ壬ĸ֡
ΪҪ֣ΪĴۣҪΪЧңǸ국˵֮Уޱȵš
ΪЧңǸ߿Ǹֻ꣬˵漴ͷЦƾ㣬Ҳʹң
֮⣬ѡΪĿǰҪصǾĻôǸҲֻǵ˵Ҫͳµģ㣿Ҿؽ磬Ի׼һ壬ΪΪЧ
ǺǣǸߵЦ˵ͲҰȴСؽ磬˵ҲûҲûҵһϯ֮ˣЩǲףҪͳΣǿѪģ
ȱ˵ô磬뿪˵ɣ֪˲ֹһö˵һը˶Ǹߵ˵
ͨĸ֣ɫ̱ˣǲ˵Ǽٵģһ·ҲǷǳпܵġ
ܴͨ漣ţƣ˵ôСķΧֱըĻţҲ·һ
ûбĿԣ
ҽʱѾͨһ·ȫ߾Ϳˣ
˵
˵꣬Ǹ˾ͳԶȥͨҲ׷׸ȥǸߣ΢һ£֮У˸ּɵɫȻֱͬȥ˹ȥ
ʱڵڶͬѾһţ͵һ֮ЩΣյﷸͬڶ֮йѺﷸʵҪһЩǵ׶ͨĸ֡
ȻЩͨǰҲδʲô飬˴ܻ֮ܿѪ𣬵ȻǶ֪˶ĵԲڹһɱȻ˷ųЩ쾳ܳ˺ܶ࣬ȻЩҲۣǺôҲΪǣƵֶΡ
ʱЭȴ֮ѣʸ˵һЩ顣
ڵڶĵһԼĪʮģŮӣڷ֧ţһΪǿᣬһ֮͵סͨ·硣
ȻЩͨ۷״̬ģŮӵǿҲӹɡ
ֻԽԽͨܿ·磬һΪȫˣԷӳ
ֻĿԼľ¾ȴûκΰ취һ˵ΪȻǿᣬȴҲûа취סˣԼҪֲסˡ
Ҳ֪һѹסЩͨĸ֣ô룬ЩһȥһıҲֻʱ⡣
նɱһͨĸ֣ǵ̫࣬ѹս
һЩ쾳ظĿսһţڶ֮УһССս
Щָͨϵ֮صķһȻЩأ쾳ϵĸ֣νǾ֮Ҳࡣ
ûһ쾳ܹסֵͨһϾÿ˶ǳƷģοЩͨĸôࡣ
˵ڶ֮е֣ͨȫͷ˳
߼һɾ˲ء
ЩǷ׷׻ųŵڶ֮ϵǸȱڵķٸȥ
Ƕ֮˽Ӧǣ־ĸоռͷҪ֪ЩɲѰķˣһץǵûȥ
Σ̫ˡ
ΪԼᱻѺ˭֪Ȼôһᡣ
ǼҪȥһ˲䣬أ֮Уֱ֮ĽâȻֱն
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ͣ
ͣ
âնֱնЩͼȥЩ쾳
һ˲䣬ϰ쾳ȫ˵ϣȫǳǰһˡ
ԭϣһڣȴҲһ
ȴһӰԶ
ȫ˻ȥһЩ˾ǵ³


932 һȫɱ
һӰ˹˶һȴǱˣǳƷ
ЩǱѺ˺ܾõȻ֪ƷͷʵҲ֪ƷĴڡ
Ϊڱܵ綼ӲϣҲϵ
Ⲣ֪ƷԼһˣΪѾˡ
Ʒ˹Ķ棬ǳɰǧ֣һ⣬߶ϵĸ֣ζأ洦ɼ۷弶Ĵڡ
Ȼ˳õĹѺѾ㲻۷ˣɲС
Ѿǧ֮ʱ򣬼֮ҲǶȴҲûа취ЩΪ׷ˡ
ǳƷһնɱϰˣȴЩ˶ʱסˣͣǰһ˶սǧ
Ĵˣ˳Ʒ֪ƷĶģҲû֪Ʒ飬Ͼֵڼ䣬ǲϵġ
ǳƷǿʵǶǿģֻرİġ
ЩҲƷ㡣
ڸһᣬ˻ȥͳͳҪ
ƷɨһЩ˵
ϣƴˣҾͲһܹɱˣȥҲƴҲƴˣ
ʱ˸ߺһЩ쾳һӷˣҲǼΨƴһг·
뵽ٿƷ֮Уͷ·żֳ޵Ŀ⡣
˻䣬ǧȫʼεΪ׳ۡ
Ѱ·
ƷһЦ
ȻЩڤ粻飬ҲͲˡ
ȴƷֱ۸߸߾𣬶ʱ֮֮۳˳ڳƷγĽǽȥƺƴ󣬼Ϊֲ
ʱЩףԼǵˣһʲôĴڣѾǳԽѰֶΣͨľ硣
ͨĸ֣
˿һĻɵ÷׷׵һǴʱǴ붼Ѿɱ˳Ʒǰɲǲƴˡ
ಣ
ಣ
ಣ
Ʒһ֣ĽǽһӶˣ֮ɵĳ˲ɨ缲һ㳯ǧնȥ
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ǶЩͨ˵Ȼ޿ƥеһ
ΪѾͬһˡ
һ˲ѣѾ˸ɾЩѾɵˡ
վһʬ֮УеĳƷ·ڿһսϵޣ赭дľͻһȺǿŶÿֲ
ʱǲףͨĸжôĿֲΪʲôÿѧҥһţȴǽͨĸ̳ԭΪʵ̫ǿˣ˵ǳԽ޵ǿ
һѣͿԽӵпһֻսĸ֣ȫû
ǲ֪ÿһͨǿֻǳƷ֮ǰɱķɻڸĻǧ쾳ĸֻ֣»Ҫݱâġ
ϾЩ߶εĸ֣ʲôѰ֣һҪĻ»ҪķֽţҪǿܻᱻһ֡
ǳƷɴһ
ȻƷЩ˵رִƷرִȨڣЩӳֱӳ֣ͼӳȥģһɴ
ЩȻ֪رִĲôôᣬǻ΢΢һ֮ǰǳֶмţ˳ƷͿȫˣץȥΪĿֱ꣬ӻС
˵Ʒ²ȳһݹ⣬ֱŵڶȥǱ߸ܵǿͨķĲ
ʱڵڶһĽڽڰˣȻ߾ȫҪȴסǰʮǿͨͽƳ졣
Щͽ϶¶˼ĿЦٿʱ򣬾Ȼżа֮ɫ
ô궼ûŮˣոճ͸һ
ҳȥһҪһ췭ظ
Щͽһһ׺
룡
һҧȫ󺹣ѪʱѾǶദܴ
㻹ȹܺԼ˵ɣܻųȥ˵ɣһͨЦ˵
˭˵ǽһܳȥģȻˣҾ죡


933 㱻ںô
һƷӰ
ʲôȻҵӵ·
ڳƷֵʱ·ģЩһ۸ڶһƷֻͣΪĸ֪ߵغСӡ
һ׳׸ߣһһֱ֣ͨӳһץһ޴֣͵һӳųƷ
䣡
һֻּҪնץһ
Ǹͨĸ¶˼Цݡ
ˢ
һڳƷǰһ֮һѳֻɾͽһֻն
ɣôƷƲһͨĸ֡
ͨĸֶʱŭˣⱲޱ˵ɡ

ͨĸһһӣѾ˳Ʒǰ
أ˫ȭð˿µĻ棬·ܹ֮ϣҲ¶˼ֵЦݣǱ֮ΪȭﰡöΪ֮
˫ȭ֪ɱ˶ٲ˳ˡ
أ
һ˫ܹɽĿֲ˫ȫ䵽˳Ʒϣȴ֣һ˫ȭͷκβ˳ƷóƷ΢
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ͨĸ֣۷ʱҲֻͨأѺôãͨһ۷Ͳˡ
ּʵôܷ
ʱǸԭԴͨĸҲʶ˲ˣ̾ʶ˳Ʒ򵥣ʱһȻ˲ͺǧȭȭȭ𣬷·ҪƬضȼһ㡣
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䣡
ֲĵڹᴩ˳գɲǼ䣬ͺĸߴֵͨؿڡ
أ
ͨĸֵݺݵ䵽˵ϣ΢һ£ѾˣΪԴը˿˲
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һɱһͨƷʵҲЩ˵ӣЩһ߸ϵĴﶼǴżּɵɫĿųƷ֪ʲôʱȻôһֲ
һɱһͨ㲻۷壬սҲеֲˡ
һҲǧѷĻᣬһΧԼĸ֣Ȼ˵˳Ʒߡ
ʱѾʮǱϲֹһڣѪͺˮһʱķصĴϢ
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һǽӴϢģⲢֵһ֮еĶ߲ҲӴ
֪ƷݵģֳôĶ벻֪ҲС
ԭпʲôʱôһŵû뵽һξȻҪˡ
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ʲôôԣͨô࣬⿿һô
ʱһɵþǼֵڣѾ߾ȫȴ֪Ԯˡ
ѵҪú˵ô
һ˾͹ˣЩȻϻص֮УҾͽͳͳɱ˺ˣƷ˵ǵڶôһֻ¸ΣգӦûжʱˣ
һƷŵӣҲ֪ôȰҪ֪ɲһͨȻڶ֮йѺͨһ֮еǰǿ󣬵ǺôҲͨǿߣ
ƾһҲסˣ
ÿǻƹһ
ڸҹ
ЩͨĶס˳ƷղųƷֳľʵǼɵޱȣ˱ȳƷһ̫ˣȴҲ̫¡
˭ϵͷΪ˻ȡ
ĹһҿǴԼûиƷһЦͳͳҪһӣ


934 ѹڶͨȫ
ƷЩͨĸ֣ĮЦˡ
ʱ䲻ǺܶˣҲúЩ˵ʲôˣƷ˵ȻһһĳЩͨĸֶȥһһ֮ϡ
ᣬûһ˿һĿ־塣
ÿһǵͷ֮һ㣬ľֻһ˵ƣƺѹסˡ
Щͨĸֲûбס෴ģ϶׷¶飬ûÿһ֮ǰνκһ϶մѪ
ƷǵĸоʮΣգҲ׷
ƷĲʵ죬Ƭ֮Ĺ򣬾Ѿ֮䣬ǺȻȻǵİΧȦһ㡣
ۿųƷԼİΧȦЩͨҲ̲סˣɲǼ䣬رɫеʼ
ʮͨĸ֣ɲǼ䣬ȫˣµľȫ˳ųƷɱ˹ȥ
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ȻţͿһĻΪ˵ĳ
Щ˵Ĺȫ䵽˳Ʒϣ˵ȫ䵽Ʒϣȴ޷óƷ˿Ķҡ
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ֻǼ򵥵һӳֱնһͨĸ֣Ǹͨĸֲҽһ˾ͱն롣
ûüԼǿʵ͵ˡ
һնɱһͨƷĶû˿ķŻٶһն˳ȥ
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һͨĸϡ
һĿɿڴĿǰһĻ·ڳƷǰЩֻ·ϵӱһ־նɱˡ
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֪ʲôʱǵԺ֮оֻʣͷҺͳƷԣʵֲ̫ˡ
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Щ˷׷׳˷ȥ
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ʱԶһѾվӲƴһЩﶼ̫Σˣ˵һ룬ֻһ˵ҲǷǳΣյġ
ܲˣ
ƷЦһһ˲䣬ƷˣлĲӰֱӺ˼ڻա
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أ
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Щ֮еͨ޷ѣ׷ױУһ˲ͳͳ⡣
ôˣȻһ˲ͱɱ
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ܰɣҲ̫ˣ
ʱһЩ׷ײŵ˵ȫƷˡ
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㾪˵ɱ¾ɲֻһҲܹͨ͵˵ġ
ȻǵĵһҲᱻɱǱˡ
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ȫɱˣ
Ʒɵ˵һԱ˵
ȥһ߾ͽˣһЩ©֮Ҳ鷳ˣ
ð죬ڷӦ˹ڵڶ֮ǿЩѾƷɱˡ
ʣµȷʵֻʣһЩ©֮ˡ
û⣬㻹Ǳһ˽ȥˣһ̫֮ΣˣڶЩҪֲˣ
һ뵽ʲôһȻһ£ۼһ֮еЩ˵ģκһǿĿ£ץʱ򣬾Ѿ˾޴Ĵˡ
ҪҲһЩѣ
Ʒ˵
Ʒ˵꣬ҲûֱͣӳԶһķӶȥ


935 񻰰µĳƷս
ڶȫڳƷ֮һ𾪵ٶȣѹȥǰǰ󣬲Ƕ̶̵ʱѡ
ʱڼ˾޴ƶڵĵطʱѾһصʬ壬ȫһͷһͷ޴޵ģЩ޽ԭޱȵĵһײġ
ڶڵĵطѾ̨׽Χס
쵼Щ׵ˣȴǱˣǵڶ
ޱأüͷ΢壬˵û뵽ȻᱻǱ뵽طǸ߿Ƽ״ǷõĽ磬ûзֱ֣ܴ裡
ҲޱȾᣬһ֮лǴûз顣
ⲻѰǱķΪѰôǱ룬϶ᾪõĽ硣
ĵط⣬йѺŴʵǿ׷һ֮УʲôϢĸ̽⾯õĽʮСʱš
£û˿ϢĿͨҲˣΪԹģǵֶζϢͨ
벻ͨԷôġ
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˵һ֮󣬻Ǿ÷ǳĲģֱһ޴ĿӶ֮С
ȻĿĳ˲أ漴˼Ϊ𺳵һĻǾǧȻˣ֮˵룬Ϊʵ̫ˣʵҲѿЩǱһɱġ
һɱǧ⿴̲סһΪĻǾԲĵزġ
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Ǹɾ䣬һһ񻰴˵ˡ
⡭Ͼų˵һΪǸܣڵһʵǷǳ˽ġ
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ڳƷʵԽǸǿһ˵ȻԽǺõġ
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ʱĵһѾոƷʱ΢һˣǿΪǱȫĵһ֮ǰսжôļҡ
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Ѿûʲôˣ
һ˲ĵ֮΢΢һ
ЩòᶼɱİɣŵЩֵͨʬ壬һ⣬״ңǸǣЩͨĸֶսϸûʲô˿ڡ
ȫһ
նɱЩͨѾʮֺˣ˵һˣǸ񻰣飬˵
ôܣҵʵֲǲ˽⣬նɱһѶȲ󣬵һնɱô࣬ܣ
һֱҡҡͷ֮ǰƷǰ㺧˵ս붼ø˼顣
Ǹɴַܹõġ
ЩǸεرִãһ˵
ʱȻѾ²⣬ǲôʬ壬˵һĳϣҲɵõһ
ҿϣŶʮɣ̥￪ʼҲûôİɣֱǹﰡ
Ҳɵð
ɲôǰͳôʱҲûôֲɣδٲһͳһȴͳҪֲһ˵֮ȻԽԽãסǰţˣ
Ҳôģ˵ͷǵɨЩصʬʱ򣬻ǲɵһֺ󱳷ĸо
ˣûʲô飬һЩ©֮㣬ҪæĻϽȥһǹƥȥ˵һˣһ֪ģѺĸϹһһֲһæ˵
ˣ뵽˵һ֮е׹ѺһЩʲôɵõһڶѾֵˣȻ͵һ֮йѺЩϹȣȴֲʲôˡ
ֻһΡ
˵꣬Ҳûκԥֱӳŵһķȥ
һֻǿŲ˵һ䣺
Ȼʱһ֮УѾַˡ


936 ɱЩϲģһ˾͹ˣ
һ֮У˸췭ظһ֮йѺĶطЩɷͨױ˳֮󣬵һ֮УѾˡ
Ŀ꣬˲أֻЩͬѺеҲͳͳɱ
Щ֮ͨУЩаˣЩ˵ľѪԼôľѪա
״ޱȵңǵУҲʲôͨǵУǶ㲻ˣֻϡ
ȻϣǲҲͲˡ
ǸΪ׵Ҳ벻⣬ֻĮĿЩаʿɱ䡣
ǵʱ䲻ˣٶȿһ㣡
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ЩаʿڲǵѪ
þûкݺɾѪˣ˵ҲеЩӷӦ鷳ˣ
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Ҳ׷ӦҲǺ⣬ǵʵҲȷʵҪЩνΣշϡ
ֻһˣͿԽֵ췭ظοô
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ۿŲǶʮͷӣǰˣҪᡣ
ǻһֱܷģеǿᣬеĺᡣ
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ڽնɱȻٺòˡ
ɱңЩһߣ
ƷֶЩͨȷʵ֮еͨҪǿϺܶ࣬ձҪ߳һβֹһ֮ͨУǱرˡ
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ЩôаʿѾ׷ˣЩ֮ԻᱻѺд붼аʿʲô·
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СӣҲ̫ˣ
أȴֻһŭȻһӰȻһӳ˳Ʒߡ
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Ϸͳɱʲô
һŭƺҿ˵һ׮š
ĳ֣ȴֱӻѪ·ޱ޼ʵѪҪһûˡ
Ǹ߳Ѫ֮һץһѷذһӴѪ֮з˳ȻݺݵĳųƷͷ­նȥ
ٶ̫ˣһذϴź˵ĹâԵģΪֲ
أ
Ȼȴķ֣Ǹ߻ûü䵽Ʒϡ
Ʒһֻ̽˳ֱץˣѪʵϣҲɲѪˣѺô꣬ĹͲȵ۷壬ֻѪѣֻ˵ѪҲͬʮΣա
ֻԳƷʱ򣬸ûκô
ȻƷָȭֱһȭͺǸߡ
˻ˣǸƺһӾͿ˳ƷĴ㣬Ʒƺ˻ˣϣһͷۣǴҲûãһҪ

أ
ͬһذ״ƺ䵽˳Ʒϣȴһκβ˳Ʒ
Ʒһɫⶼ޷ͻơ
ã
ʱǸ߲ʶ˲ãȥѾˣƷһȭݺݺ䵽ϡ
أ
һƺߣ˷·һĺ˳ȥ


937 նˣ
Ǹֱ߱ӺУؿ⵽ڵڻһѪģֲǣһ޴Ѫ
һ˲شⲻǳƷһѣ
ɱңҲÿûˣ
ƷȻ˵;ȵķ֣ؿڶƷһȭ˸ԴǸ߾Ȼû
ȫڶȻƤ˺˿һѪˣѪ˲ϵĴŴղųƷһǲһֻʣһƤԱߣһƤϣȻһ޴Ѫġ
ȻǵڴɱͳĺڰѪ֮Ȼˢӣ
Ʒ΢һӣȻͺܵȻ˵δڰѪ֮ϡ
֮ǰѾڰѪزֹһε׷ɱʵϣӦ˵׷ɱ֮Уɱ֯˶С
Щ˵Ĺ˵Ƿǳ˽ġ
ѪʵǺڰѪصһĹ˼£ܹѪųѪǾͲ
ȻֻǺųƶѣȴóƷ뵽֮ǰʼ֮УȷʵƵĹǾͲǺųˣʵ
Ѫܹһ磬ֻҪѪɣͲǲֲĴܡ
ȣڰѪ֮͸ʲôˡ
ڰѪ֮ɱͳ˵¶ŭ˵ı֮Уڲŷֻ֣µĴԲʵ
ڰѪ֮ȷʵˣֻûǱץѺôʱѡ
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ǸѪſ죬˵Ѿŭ˼ˣƷ׼ŭˡ
ǳƷôôǱ
Ӧøжˣڻң
Ʒ䣬ȴһöӲһӣֱϲ׵磬ķ籩һӺ䵽һöӲϡ
䣡
ֱӻһֲĵڣٶּֿɲǼĹѾ䵽ǸѪ˵ǰ
ǺڰѪ֮Ҳû뵽ƷȻôƣѹûд˵ʲôֱӳ֣һͺ䵽ϡ
أ
ֱӺ˺ڰѪ֮ڰѪ֮Ÿոó˱ľʱȻٶȱһӾͱش
Ѫɫ˲ը˿˲
һļž
һӣٿƷ֮Уȫû֮ǰӣ˵Ʒסˡ
ͨıʶڣȻڳƷǰȴ˲һ
ֲ飡
ϻȥǵ³ͺһ
Ʒû࿴һۣ·ֻǺɱһ޹ؽҪСһ
ʱЩͨĸ֣ףΪʲôƷҵǹƥһǰˣ̫дˣȷʵĵʵ
Ǹһֱڶ󷽵ߴʱٿƷʱ֮ͬ˸ž˵â
˵һĸǿҿҲûʲôֱ𣡡ƷЦһ˵ƺڼŭЩ
ЩϹȻ¶˼ŭ飬Ʒӣ˵ܴ衣
֣Ҳϣ
ʱһͨĸ֣ص˵
һǾɵѾˣƷǣ۷ʱƺûôǿʱﻹӵ뷨
һʱ䣬ڻˣ
ЩҲѸپѾһ£һ˲䣬ѾͻϮ
ˢ
ˢ
ˢ
Щ˸ոմһ£̾ʧԭأǵٶ̫죬ɲǼ䣬ڳƷγһΧȦ˷ųƷ˹
ǵ϶ȼž˵ķȻ۷壬ʱҲ˿ı֮ǰڰѪ֮õķ永
ƷǶ֮У·ûںЩһ
ڶ֮еͨ϶ͨһأͨصΪżͨء
ȻȴͬͨصΪмͨصΪ
֮ǰһ˾ͽɱͿּĸжôĿº;ˡ
䣡
أƷϣͻȻһֻɫֱ˳ƾջһֻѪɫĹצ˵ʱʱ죬һӾץסһͨĸ֡
ͨĸֻûüӦͱһֻѪɫĹצݺ˵ϣǿֲ֪֮ǰҪֲٱ
ֻһѣͽͨĸһɱ˵ϡ
ͬʱƷһֻѪɫצҲץ˳ȥһͨĸָӦͱɱˣǵٶȺܿ죬ôȵʩչ¥޲֮ĳƷ
Ƭ֮䣬γ˰ΧȦδʼ֣ȻȱƷնɱˣˡ


938 
˭û뵽ȻݱӣƷֺֿݣûиκηӦĻᡣ
һ˲䣬ͱƷɱˡ
ǶѾߵˣЩȻưոݣױƵӵˣҲ߲Ϊˡ
ҾͲţһ˾㳤ͷΣ
һͨĸһ֮ϷĻ棬ֱҪƷ
ָͨѧȫ˳һ˲ͽƷûˡ
Ȼ˶һĻˣƷϣɢһ㵭ɫ˾ͷ·һѣڸֵĽ֮УǸֽٶü
Ϊֲ飬磬Ƕ漣Ƿȴ˵
ΪǷ֣ԼĹκβ˳ƷһɫⶼƲˡ
ôܣ
һ£ǸҲһӵɴ۾ˡ
֮Ҳ˸𾪵ɫΪƷ˵Ϊ
֮УΪ˵Ĳ࣬Ϊǳ࣬Ҫ̫ˣһܹĳɹģһϵĸ
ʣƷ幦Ż˾˵ı֡
ǸһֱסûгֵߣҲ֮ͬйâʢ
ô̶̵ĹֳսѾ˰ȻĽ׶ΣЩ˵Ĺκε˳Ʒ۷ʱڣѾʼսСɵĳƷĶ֣οڡ
ǵĹ̶ֳֻô̫ʧˣ
ƷĮ˵ֳһץץˣ˫
֣նЩͨĸ֡
ԷЩͨĸֳ֣η壬ЩֵͨĹҲκβЩͨĸֿûµΪ͹
ƷĹƴֻҪŵľˣնеľֱ
ⲻƬ֮Ĺ򣬾Ȼкüֱ˳Ʒ˫֮£˫ն롣
ƷȻѾ˼ִʦķɣһһûй̶·ֺ
⻹ô򣡡
ʱʣµЩͨĸ֣ȻѾʮˣƬ̼Ĺ򣬾ѾһС˳Ʒˡ
־ŭȻֵ֪Ŀ£֮ŷ֣֮ǰЩֺͳƷǸ
ЩĸȻҲܼ֣ȴǳƷ¾Ǽֱ¾Ҳûʲôֱˡ
ѵǹôЩޱȾ̶ʱ䣬ֱӲ
Ʒ˫նУǾͲ˵ˣһϣĲؼǳƷٶ̫ˡ
ƴٶҲͬ󣬳Խ֮ˣ书޼᲻ݣΨ첻ƣƷռȫˣΪʲôƷ˺˵ĸԭ
㲻ľһ֣ǿ־ǣҲǿģַڳƷǰ͸ֽһƬ֮䣬ͱ˺ѿȻһ
·ҲûʲôֻǶൢһһѣ
ֻһֺ˵ɱ¾ЧʣڽЩͬɱɱħҲŵˡ
Ʒһ·նɱЩɱֻʣ˵ʱЩ˶ˣƷһ˸ɱˡ
Ϊһзʱ̫ˣ̵ֻһѣһоѾˡ
ʱǶɢӴܿ
ˣǸ³֣ӴܿǼˣֻڿһһ
ƷѾöԸˣڻɢߣǲǵűô
ҲЩ˵뷨һܣƷҲһǶɱ˰ɣܻһѵĿܵġ
ųƷ׷ɱ˶Լ뷨ֻ˵ѾƷһ׷ɱĵˡ
һֵܹ֮زʲôʱֳ˵ˡ
ֿ˿ǸΪ׵꣬ƺеΪʲôҪնɱгƷĺˡ
ɳȥֱ룡
ȻаԤһģһԳƷʵôܵ
Ʒֱһ֣ʱ֮ƷĻܹʩչĹģ֪֮ìɲǼ䣬ͽ
Ʒ鲻䣬زͨĸֻ֣˵Ҳûκôˡ
棬͵ˣ
Ʒ˽һһˣܹо˵ΪԺŲͬ
ǹԹ־ܣ


939 
ƷǸ˵Ǹ޵ķһȻصĺܺãȴƷһ˫۾
̵ģƷǾжϳˣ˵ݣǸ֣»һĸ֡
ղųƷɱ֮û˿Ķݣ·ɻ£Ҳܹ³Ʒ
ʵҲ涼ڴţ
˿ųƷ֮мּɵǸĻ֮ɫ
ƷֵԽǳɫеɱԽŨ޲óƷ֮ء
ˣ˵ȻС
ǸǵĿţƺҲԸһֻȤĿˡ
˶Ǹдһˣĵ̣˲ţֻ֣֮Уȴ֪Ȼ˲š
ĵ˵ʵ˵չʮ֮һʱ䶼ǰ·Ѿˣʱ򣬾ԵóƷ̫ˡ
ЩʵˣҲǸ˵ĻԵҪǳƷͣͣҲʵ̫ˡ
ƷԭСķߣ˭֪ƺѹҲûҪǰ˼ֻǵĿš
ʲôͷеȤ֪ˣ
Ʒ˵
Ǹ˿ųƷȻ˵Ҳ޷ҽа֣
֣
Ʒǰһţɽ֮Уһһհףô˵ӦþʥԹˣ
Ʒ˵ţԺ֮УȴǷٵɽһ˶ɽôŹֻ֪սĴڣǺʲô˽֣ʵǺ֪ˣҲֻ֪ɽǵ˳ƷȻһЩɽ
ϾɽҲѾôΣ϶ˣȻ޷֪ɽľǶɽ֪ġ
ɽ֮УһֱֳΪʥԹ¹ʨ
֮£ͳ岿䣬˵ؽ֮ͳҲΪ
УʥԹͳߺųѪȻϡ裬ǵײ֮Уǿġ
еͳߣհס
ʥԹ֮⣬¹֮еͳһΪХǵȺͬΪֲͳǧ塣
ʨһͳߣؽ֮мΪĻƽʨһ塣
ؽ֮Уų壬һҲֻսĴս֮Уû뵽ܹһʥԹ塣
ȺΪǿ󣬵ǴֵǺܶ࣬ÿȺޣ֮ʥԹģҲżԣԱԸѪֵܶ࣬Ĳࡣ
ԳƷЩ⣬ȻܹһʥԹѪ
֮УҲӦǷǳᣬʥԹ֮УӦҲǼΪġ
Ʒ֮˷ܵɫǴһˡ
㻹мּʶ
ֵһЦм԰һս˵ȷʵֵԺ
ãûл׽ĸ֣ã㿪ʼƷη壬ֻ˷ܡ
սҪץסĸʵ̫ˣɱҪϺü
һƷڴܿڿȷʵˣ
ʱĿųƷ֮еɱ
˴˱˴ˣ
ƷŰ˵
أһ˲䣬ȳˣһֻ֣Ǽ򵥵һָȴ·ض㴩˿һ㡣
һ˲䣬ָͱצ
ָҪ
һָͷֱӾʹ˳ƷһҪƷ˿ѵĿԡ
أ
һֱָӵ˳ƷĶͷһˣһɽᱻ㱬
Ȼƫƫ˳ƷʼսѾ˼ˡ
ƷֻǼ򵥵һȫķ˿ͬƺһ಻ɲǼ䣬ͽһָ˿
⣡
ˣƷĺˣ֮أǲ˼飬֪һָһˮûУȻƷһ˲ˡ
е˼幦ҲͬѰ
ĿųƷ
һУܲܽأ
ֻ䣬Ĵֳ֮һץȻֱץһڳ˸ź˵ĵâؼɱ·һ۶ܹõȫ۵˰ֵĵϡ
һɱ


940 ᣬһȭ
һɱʩչǻµɱױ˿
ɱƷһ۾ϳˣɱȴǱģǽĿҾѧȴڰֵʩչ
ֻ۵ľ磬ڽ档
СҲҰŪ
ƷЦһ
޲
ƷָȭȫɢһĽ⣬ֱӻһ޴ޣͬһȭ
أ
ɱն޵ϣȴ޷ƿϵĽ⣬˵˵Ʒˡ
ֻһ˲䣬⿴ƿ¼˵ɱͱƷ˸һɶ
֮˼𺳺ͼɵ飬Ȼɱ㲻óѧһγ֣ȷʵҲûκ֡
ȻȴƷ򵥵һȭ͸˸ɾ
Ҳûκεԥһץץһѽ˾˵Ľâ
Ľ
ƷϳһžѧȻ֮ľѧ
Ҳɵ΢΢Щ𾪣Щ֮ľѧ֮УܹһţѾˡ
Ȼ̶ֶʱڣʩչžѧֻ֪ĸѧѾЩо͸ˡ
֪ͨǣ͸ĺ
һƷǻǼ򵥵һȭƵеĹ
ҲóƷһ㣬ָ֪֮ѧʩչ˿ͬһ㣬ųƷȥ
ЩָĹƷɽʯܶԷʲôֶΣֻһȭ򷨡
ֱӣЧ
һִʦȣһ㣬·µѧƿ֮С
Ȼڹƣֹ缲һıȴԽԽľֱÿֲˣƷͶ֮䣬ܹĹȫ赲סӵĹʵ𾪡
ƷһᣬΡȻƣʲôĹ߻񣬻ڳƷߣûκβ
ڣҲʶԼȥҲκβóƷֱһ뿪˺ͳƷľ롣
ƷһȻӣҲЩЩѧʩչ汸ɱ㽭渴ҲδܹıȰָˡ
Ȼ֪ⲢǰʵЩѧѧٺöľѧ
Щѧ㶼ѧģվֻǶʩЧѣղҲȹˣֻĳ̶ȵĻ͹ԹԸɣƷȻ˵Ȼչֳ˲׵ʵȴʲô
ֵҲųƷȴлҪѲһЩԽˣҾԽҪնɱ
˵ţһֱصʵҲڱ˳ϵһ·ͨ۷֮󣬾Ȼһӳ˽ޣﵽͨصľ硣
ƷʱŻȻΪʲô־ȻһôһȻһ֮зΪܵĵطʵҲһĵط
ȥ磬һʵˣȷʵǿ󣬼㱻ˣҲס
˵Żסֵطǵ򲻵ѵ²ſʹã˵ڻûзȥʱһ˳ȥôֵطϾܾ˵ľ档
һƬ´ҡ
֮ͨУ޵еһ״̬ܹƥеļֱ޼ڶֵķ棬վռƣܹģҪһЩ߿Ƽάսϵƽ⡣
ұƵϣҲǷǳѵˣҲ͵Ϊֹˣ
ĿųƷ˵
Ĵһץ֮Уһѷ컭ꪻĸ˳ͨԴĿռ䣬ȻǺܴ󣬵װһ׾ٵ顣
ó˷컭ꪣҲζ˲䱩ǣ֮ǰȫͬ
ƣֱӾ֮ǰƷնɱЩ֮ͨϡ
˵ƷмźЩͨһһҰĶ󣬸޷죬ţڸ߶ϺɽĲҲôˡ
䣡
һɿֲѪͬʱȫ¾ȻʼһƬһƬƬЩƬɢһֵɫĹâ·һۼһ㣬ϣΪ͡
ʶ˳Ʒʵ֮Ҳ׼ôҪȫһͽƷ¡
ˢ
ֶˣֱӳųƷ


941 ֣˴
ֵĶ̫ˣȫѪ˳ֱҪǺӣϵΪҲͬŲ˼ĳ̶ȡ
ΪʥԹһѪֻҪմߵģǿᣬǿĲ񻰡
ڰֵγһֲϢ죬ԶԶȥ·һһ㡣
ԶۿǸҲֻ֮в˸žâ֪ʲô
ûóȻֽһս֮Уκһǿ󣬿ƿ¡
۷״̬ʲôڿɲ۷״̬Ѿܶˡ
ʱ򣬲ҲڸϵһܹĵطĿĳһ޶˵вͬĻǱõŰЩͨĸ֣һûܹŰ
ȫ͵ڶЩͨһ䵽˵ϣȫˣǿЩʬ壬Ѿˣ϶ǳƷģ˭ܹסЩֵͨŰء
΢΢һǻһͿƷͰֵͻĴս
ͨأһڿˮΪز˵վ֮ϣǵжϳǸƬ˵Ϊʱ򣬻һֺ󱳷ĸо
ڵͨضң˵ͨˣҪǳƷĻֻ˱ûܹˡ
ֻĿɱ¾һ֮뿪ƼȻǿǺ˵ֻս˵ҲǺųֱܹɱͨģֻҪֱӺͨͨı죬Ҳ
£ӦǿƼռȫƲŶԣʵϲˣͨĸֿ֣Ȼǵĺ˵ȴʱҴΪһȥƲסͨɿơ
гƷ赲סˣ룬Ÿо֮ǰȻѾԾؽƷʵԤˣȻˣǾޱ𾪣ͨضƷʵ֪жôľˡ
漴ͿһǸһֱûжߣʱ򣬲ɵ˵һΪѾߵݺʵ
˵۷״̬֮£үһˣŭˣһҪˡ
϶ûôǿ󣬵ǲûôǿҲֻڳƷľ˵ġ
˵Ҳǿ޷赲Ĵڡ
̵ģ˾ֱӵߵǰȫȫֻҪ΢˿춯ҲᱬܹܶԷֻܹʱ䣬ΪƷȡ㹻ʱ䡣
л֮£Ʒֵܹ˶á
ܹҲֻЩˡ
ĵԼǰǸ߲ɵһЦ˵е˼Һϵ㣬Ǹɣ
ң
˵ͷ
첻ܲ˵սƴҵҲֹģ
ֻǵһЦҪ֣ƴʲôãֶһѣ
ȻҲĶ֣ҪΪҵĻʹˣҧ˵
İɣʱû֣û뵽ҲڵЩ֮꣬оȻôһ
Ҳ˵ʲôƷ֮УȻмּ͡
ڴʱһʱŸо󱳶Ѿʪ͸ˡ
ʱУսҲѾһȻĽ׶Σȫʵİֺ֮ǰȣֱˣǿһֹ
ͨأ֮ǰֻѹƵͨ۷ʵ̫Զˡ
Ƿ컭ꪱĳ뻯һɱ˳Ʒķ
ͨأûõģҵĲ࣬Ҿ㿴ף
ƷЦһȻָȭ˷·һͷһ㣬Ȼɱһ
䣡
һȭ䵽˷컭֮ϣһ˲䣬ȻĻĽƷȭͷǽһ㣬
⣡
ˣƷĲϵĺˣ˫ۼҪˣ˫Ѫ죬ڱѡ
֮Уȫǲ˼飬Ѿʩչȫôỹ˲һ
ڴʱƷһѾ˹ֻǼ򵥵ȭһ·ɨ
أ
أ
أ
ɲǼ䣬εײˣʱޱȵǱȫƬѺۣѪ·һѪһ㡣
ɵһ˲䣬ƷһѾˣӳһöӲңĵϣһں
䣡
һֱӺ䵽ֵϣõĹ⻪̽С
һ˲䣬Ǳģݺݵײ˵ϣؿڱһ󶴣˲˴


942 Ļ
һڣͽشƷһȭͷСĿն
һӺݺײ˵ϣ
Ͻĵ棬Ȼײһ󶴣֪һжôĺˡ
ۣһѪ˳֮ж֮ɫ˼ֿ־֮ɫ
ʵ˵ǳƷˣͬΪͨص࣬Ѫʵ˵ûһѣֻӵĻһ˾Ϳסĸ
һһŰ
Ȼһһս֮УȻŰˣҳƷľȻΪֲġ
ͦʹģ
ƷŰ֣Цһ˵
һڣһ˵ĻͨСߵҲᱻˣȻ־ȻֻǱһȭͷСĶֵ֪Ϊȷʵ֮ӦһеѪˡ
ĲͬˣееȴСνƽȣһʼͲڡ
һˣ԰ֵΪȷʵѹǿϧɻʼս֮󣬳ԾԵľѹ򶼲Ķ֡
ȥ
ȻСķǸߣҲڹעһսûӶɳֱǿЦֵΪֻϢͷųоսľ
Ǿȭŵİ˳Ʒϡ
ֱǹˣ
ǸζĿųƷһҪֵ˼ûС
ǴԼԹ־ܣǵɱ㣿ƷĿŰ֣Ӹ¡
ڱǰܹۣǰȴ
㡭ֻûʹؿڵһնֻԵ˿ڶѣʵϣȫļⶼѿˣѪ
ͷһôͬѹǵģѹ޷⡣
Ʒʱ򣬾ǿʱһֻһóƷûɱΪɱֻΪҪץġ
ͨļ򵥵ľǻܣȻɱѵĲץģоԵİգǲӳԵġ
Ʒôˣ˵ʵƷѹûн
ʲôĻŭա
ƷŰ֣Ժ֮ȴ֮飬һʥԹ壬ܹʥԹǱ߻ĺô̫ˣо޴á
ʥԹ˽Ⲣ֪࣬Ǻǿ֮⣬֪֮٣һʥԹ䵽ǵô¾̫ˡ
Ҫ£ּ̾Ͳ˳ƷĿģ룬ƷҼסˣ´ټʱ򣬾ȡʱ򣡡
أǰִӻͳһᣬȻ͵һᵱˣֱӻһţͨһ硣
һӾͳг˹ȥ
ƷȻҲû뵽־ȻֶΡ
;ᣡ
Ʒʱڵʵļ֮УҵֶΣ;ᣬֶڳŴʱҲǱȽĶ
ǽѹһž֮УƽؽһѶȲ֪ߵĶȥˣִܹ̻ģ϶ڿռһžΪˡ
ǲǳƷܹӴľ磬Ϊȱһɡ
ֶڵƷҲ֪ûУеĻҲһžһˣ
ƷķӦվһ̧֣֮ϣ籡˲仯һֲĵϯ
䣡
һΣƷû֣һӽֵİӶըˡ
ֲҽһվ˴ŵһߣӳ졣
Ȼˣ
Ʒüͷ΢ûɱ֣ҲֻЩźѣֻټʱɱƷ
ǶڳƷ˵ڰֶĶ֣´ټڡ
أԱߴ˲һС
أ
ŲһУƷתͷһȻղǸߣȻʧˡ
ֻԭһѪˮ
ƷʱͿˣֻߺѾ뿪ˣֻû֪ѣֳһȻˡ
Ʒƭȥˣȷʵ˵á
ѹˣԭûаա
ôûˣ
̫ϧˡ
֪ǸߵݺͿ£ϳƷǽԷȻˣ˭֪Ȼˡ
Ʒ˶ݹ⣬̾һ˵дˣȻˣǰ֣ʥԹ壬ʵЩϧˣ
ڲȴôһ£ƷѾ㹻ˣִڵ򣬼ֱ˰


943 ʵ
˵ԭǽƷͬƽȵĻôѾȫôˣЦͲһϵĴڡ
֮ͨͨĲҲܴʱ򣬱쾳ͨĲ඼
Щһ˵Ȼû֪ģ˵ͨǸ߸ϵĴڣǿԼҲû뵽ܹĵز
˰֣Ǳһ³Ψһֵܼʲôʱѡ
ǰֵ˳ƷǰȫˣĲ࣬ǿķǳף˵֪֮ƷҪֻ֣һоͿ
ǫһֱΪԼֱΪֱ׼ȷжϡ
εˣæѹĻֳ֪ʲôӣ뿪˵ȷʵˣǳƷĻƻõʲôزѾ޷ˡ
ȻԶú˵ѡǱƵ˼ޣǿ϶ܶú˵ģһСģһ׸ű
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ᵽ˸֮󣬳ƷΪʲôôļɵˡ
֣֮УѾΪһֽˣڰʱˣڰʱΪҲΪһ˶
ӹԪʱʼѾϰĹƶȵʷˣ˵ʱ֮󣬾һֱǹơ
Ψһһ֮гɹƵ۵Ĵڣһ֮ŤתľƣҪΪϻʵһĴڡ
Ȼ󹦰ܴɣˣƵ۵ʱʼǰжʮʱ䣬ʱ䣬ǺڰʱĿˣ֮ȨҲ˵͹ȣȻɹ˸֮ңǸʱҲǰδеͳ˴ɱǰδе飬һֹһΡ
Ӹʼһֱһҵͨǰǰһʮʱ䣬ǾҲǽɵĺڰʱ
ƷʱףΪʲôоǸôΣˣ⿴һ㶼ٵĿֲ
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׵Ǹûа취ʱĿƼûִôʲôսõĺ˵ѿ׶ΣǸκá
αץʷҲɲ꣬ƺʲôأ˶֪ǵĵһֱ֣һһ˺ѹһʱ
ǷŵڣҲǿģܵУԼֻͳܹ֮ƥаɡ
Ȼǹٷ˵ʵϺŵ˶жϣʲôЦʲôԶǰˣǸʱķչǿƼķչԶԶʱ
Ҫ˵Ǹʱܹڴͳȼ磬ôϹ
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ķ˵ҲäĿƳǰ˸ӦһһǿŶԡ
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Ǹʱ㣬Ӧ˲Ŷԣһͨٶ꣬Ҳ͸׼ˡ
쾳˵ͨǷǳԣȻһһͨ˶ԣ˾޴
֪ʱ̷һĵرЦ˵
ΣյҲѺ桭ĪǡƷͻȻ֪ˣΪʲôôΣյѺûдˡ


944 䱬սŸ̻
̣Ʒ֪ΪʲôôΣյﷴûбһֱڶˣԭҲܼ򵥣ֻ⿪ϳܡ
ʱԿԴһֱڣǿڣҲǲ˼漣
һ࣬޵Ҳһٶʮ꣬ĿǰѧܹļޣΪϸѴҲֻܹ֧һٶʮꡣ
ȻϵģʵϣܹͻƣߴﵽĲ࣬һҲ֣ȻϸѵĴޣÿһηѵʱȴǿӻġ
ֿʼԾǨȻĿǰչ˵Ȼһأֻͨĸֲſܴﵽľ硣
ԤֵθһҪ׷ŹǷóƷˡ
ô飬رȥʱҲû취ˣڼȻڲͿȫˣ
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սߣҪˣ棬ףƽԪ˧еһˣ˵ߵĺڡ
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һͷǳԴһͷǣͨѩף֮УԵüΪҫۡ
⣬һͷųͨɫƬľ޴棬һͷǹԪʱ֮˵֮еľ
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ͷ޴֮ͬ׺ʵΪǿᣬһͷ޴ĺɫΪǿֱֲӴﵽͨء
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ףƽԪ˧˽߾ȫֵʱ䣬ֻѾͷ޸Ʒˡ
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չֿ᧿Σȴһ·ֵڣڵһ֮У˵侮Ѿȫ׼ˣһ²ΪԸͽﳹ׻Ҳ뵽ϡ
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սҲڲϺڣ˵һķ磬綼ҡҡ׹
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ܹɽƽصĿֲһ˲û˳Ʒ
Ʒ̯ƣһö޴ڵڴƵһ˲䣬ը˿ȴ޷˺Ʒһ˿һ
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Ǿ޴һźݺݲ̤˸սϣԭƼΪ͵սȻһӲȳһ󶴡
޷赲Ƭ֮䣬ͱƷһŴ̻֮˲ը˿
ƷߵĶҲǼһսע⡣


945 ¾һȫ
ҲǳƷֳ֣Ķʵ̫һͷϵһսһͨ顣
һͨս֮ҲǳƷֱײܼкͨĸһСĶܱش
ڳƷֱӴݻһսʱʣµսҲһҵ˷йĿһ㣬һڽƷ
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ȻһɲǼ䣬ƷɢһĽ⣬һ˲䣬Ʒͻһֻһ㣬ɨĽڻ֮дС
ЩԶܵڻȻ޷ƷĶڻ𸲸ǹʱ򣬲ŷֳƷȻһӻ˺üӰ޷
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һ˸֮䣬ƷѾ棬ɲǼ䣬ֱӳһսǰ
ٶʵ̫ˣʱΪƼı׾ʾ˳ȣʵû̫ƶٶȡ
ú˵߼ǽּ֣ΧĽ޲ըκεЩٶ˵õͨ
仰˵ıֶΣ£ܹͨģҲΨͨ
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ֵԶԶҪĶˣȻǼĵֵǻʮͷͨսųƷķɱ˹
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˭û뵽ƷȻóôֲķȻֲķȴδӳ
һһͷ֮ͨ󣬳ƷûͣЪųһץһɵĹ¸˳һ֧ɫĳһ˲ٶ
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ȻƷôܾŹǣϵƬ֮䣬ЩͳͳѪ֮ըѿƯ֮С
һʱ䣬һļžһ˾סȫĸ֡


946 ˣɱ˫ͷ
ǰǰ󣬲Ƕ̶ʱѣƷ¾Чʵˣһų֮£ͨһأͨأͨضûκ
Ϊµģ
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ѰͨڳƷǰҲûκ壬ʮͷޣڳƷϣȻôһŲȥ
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һͷ˫ͷһԴ飬ҽУҺóԴֻһԴĻѾˡ
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һͷ˫ͷǼ̾˾תӣһ˿һͣ
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һͷ˫ͷǵը˿˲


947 ͨأһ
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պգףƽԪ˧˺ް취ޣڳƷϣҲ߲С
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ʱѾܹ֪ƷĿת֪ΪʲôͻȻһַ·ʲôֲĴڸϵĸо
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ΨһѡӲ
һ˲䣬˾Хһ֮һץץһͨڣ鲼źɫƬĳɳոճ֣ɢ

һгֱӳųƷնȥһʵ޻ҲûʲôѧУֻ򵥵һǿļӳ֮£ͬ಻Ҳᱻش
ֻҪһ˿
ķƷǸ·ֻҪһķ϶
ȻϵǣƷûѡܣǶҲƾһն
ڼնгƷʱ򣬳Ʒָȭһȭ
һȭȭƻһޣɨء

һ䵽֮ϣƺȭײһ𣬿µĿϯ񳱼Ҫս
һɣǺ˼ΪƷһûκμľϯ˹
䣡
䣡
䣡
һδοֲײڣǺӼֲסѪˣһӾͱ˳ȥȫܲƣѪ̶ʱͲҰܡ
ͨأһ


948 շɱķ
ڣҲάֲסˣֱӻ˱̬һͷ޴ޱȵĺɫ档
ʱһͷɫ֮ǰ޷죬һѹų˴ʱľ
ȫµƬƷȭ飬Ƭ֮вѪ͸Ϊˡ
û֮ǰ־
ʱһͷɫΪʲô˫ͷǸողƷҪˣʵĴڣѹ
ʱĶ֮ôܻĹڿƼһϹȻǵ񣬵һϣ̸жٵƣЩȣ͸ˡ
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һͷ޴ĺɫĶס˳ƷѡͶΪܹоĳ˵ôƷ̾Ū
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Ʒ˵ͷһͷɫ滹ʶȤһͨڳƷ۹ȻǿˣһͷɫΪͨء
Ϊ֮УҲǼΪģҿԼδȽϳһʱڣʵһͻͽĽҲλжֺܳʱ䡣
ƷһӡȻ󻯳һֻɫĴץһͷ޴ĺɫ棬˲û֮УƬ̼Ĺ򣬾ʹ֮ץһӰ
һͷɫԪӦ˵һͷ޴ĺɫԪһ֣ץڳƷϣƷֻҪһͷͻ֮ء
һͷҲ˿ķΪĻƾֱˣƷ־ɱ
һԪ֮һͷɫڳƷǰûκεܡ
еһжڳƷƿ֮УһֱڣƷ֪һͷɫǽкǶǹԪʱ񻰴˵е
ڳƷ˵Ҳνˣջһ֣ȻνĸȴҪػ
ȻͶңҲСǽ͸ĺˣ
ƷһָһâһͷԺ֮С
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һƪδﵽͨ۷壬Խͨ練ƣֻʱˡ
˵ԭвģôڣЩĶһɨˣ˭ɽҲΪͻͽǳƷȴԡ
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Ҳû취ƷƿأһͷٴΪҲ
ܹĸܵԪôһӡʽĴڡ
֮ڳƷϣƷָͻƵϣ̾͹˳Ʒˡ
ڳƷ˵Ȿǻݶѵ飬޵Ĺǵʼ֮еһ޹ǵоģ
ΪĹ죬ȫһģֻнļֵǲġ
ʱֵʱˣЩͨޣһ뿴
Ʒɨһս֮ϻеʮͷͨޣ֮ޱ
Ҳ̾Ӧ̶̵ʱ䣬ǿĻָѾָ˲ٵˣϵ˿ҲѪˡ
Ȼ̸ȫָ۷壬Ѿ㹻ˡ
ȶűһԾ޴ᣬе糸һĳɱЩ֮ǰǻͨޡ
ΪڳƷǰһӡֱӷˣЩͨޱͲĶ֣ûһͷͻȻ֡
ոһ棬һͷͨ޾ͱ˺˿
ʱϷ¶һӦĸо
Ļ磬һͷʵȷʵǿǿֻǱĽڽڰˡ
ôֲĺԳƷʱȴͷβĵˡ
ָоǵ۶ˣڣǲžûˡ
ǺһɱһͷͨŶԡ
λȽʣµնɱ֮𻰣
Ʒ˵꣬ٶʧ֮Уս


949 һսĻ޴ջ
˲ðĳһ˲õˣ
ʱ˹򣬿Դһ
֮ǰĸǾü޷ԸƲҪ˵ǿޣԳƷʱȴǶ֡
ȫ򣬸һϵĴڡ
һֱڣҲòϣԼƺͳƷűϵĲࡣ
һϵĴڡ
ȻпǣƷ̫ͣˣǶʮѣܹﵽʲôľ磬ֱ
һͨƷܹٽչһٶʱ䡣
һٶ󣬳Ʒﵽʲô磬ֱֻǸʱѾǳԽͨ˰ɡ
Ǹʱ򣬶˵һһ㣬ܹסһеĲ
زŻףһǿ߶һȺ˵ζʲô

һƣ˵
ʱսϵѾױƷͺŤתˣ˵ʵѰͨŰɱ
Ƭ̼Ĺ򣬾кüͨǵϡ
¾һ׻ˣΪǵĶˣǱֶһµɱ
˵ֱٶӵĻûˡ
棬ףƽԪ˧ôܷŹôõһᣬæŴɱ˹ȥ
˫ս໥䣬ĳͨĸԶҪ࣬ڣЩͨ˲أۿžҪȫû
ս޷սӲûͨǣ֮󣬼̾ˡ
սһǧ
ĳͨ綨һ㶨סսϵľƣƬ֮䣬ѾŤת˹ӴӸ˹ĲнС
Ҳֻܸ翹ȴ޷ѡ
ܶĸֻδӦΪʲô֮ǰռϷڣȻһӱת˹
ǴӴڽڰˣ᧿ΣΪƷļ룬һӱǼˡ
ƷҲֻ˶̶ʱ䣬ͽʣµһ򾡡
һջ޴ˣʮͷͨ޵Ҳ˶ʮͷͨ޵ʬеڵֱֵ޷
ЩԴȻãҲʱͳƷа塣
ϾƷʵǸղŶˣЩͨǱƷһ֮ɱģȥҪЩͨ޵ʬء
֪мֵǣҲ˿ڡ
ڳƷ˵ҪĵȻǶʮͷͨ޵ڵƳʮöͨԪҲ˿Զʮͨĸ֡
Եȴɽһʧ˶ʮͷͨޣ˳֮£һЩơ
ͨ߶˵ĸַĲͲƽˡ
ĸ֣ɽ֮УҲǴײˣ
ȫϢɽ֮󣬻ôҲĺ䶯ϾЩڶַ棬һֱǴһԴĽ׶Ρ
һս˶ʮͷͨޣһԻ͵Ĵʤ
ֹ˰ҵʱ䣬һҸ翹սҲ形ӵĴ֮£ΪҳһһսҲĻ
ʣµľǴɨսʱˣҲѾ޷Ӱսˡ
һʮֲִ٣˵ǱһֲıսȴڳƷİ֮£Ťת棬춨ʤ֡
˶ףһսҪ˭ȻԮʮͨĴڣҲ˵һ
ȻһеˣȴǱˣǳƷ
Ʒ֮ҲڿʼڵһյĻ֮Уʼ
Ҳǵһ֪˳Ʒ֣֮ǰ˸ĸ߲֮󲿷˶޷磬۳ƷֳĶǶ˿֪ġ
ڣƷǰǳ֮ս˵ġ
ֻⱲӶ޷⾪˵һս
ȷ岻µԮ֮󣬳ƷҲûжͣΪױ֮У˼޻ͻƵУҪϽȥ
ںͼ滹ףƽԪ˧Ǹ֮󣬳Ʒʹźֱͨ󷵻֮С
Ųڲļϸеһαй¶ȥȵһϵе飬ͲĵķΧ֮ˡ
ڳƷ뿪֮ûжãһսҲڻϴ￪ˣϾһս˴ľҲס
鴫һʱ䣬ڡ


950 һ
һսҲʼ˳Ȼսϸڲ¶ǽЩϢ㹻Ȼˡ
˶ǵһ֪ԭ֮УôΣյĵطרŹѺһЩ˿ֲﷸ
ͨĴڡ
֣ͨ㹻˵עˣһרŹѺͨ˵ĵطжôҪȻӹɡ
ųȥͨ˵Ǿ޴鷳
Ȼһ⹫ǣûߣǻ˲СĿֻţЩͨѺô꣬в֪ôĳ˲Σյġ
Ȼܿ죬Ϣ˳ǾѾûͨﷸˣΪȫնɱһˡ
йѺĶͨﷸȫˣһе֮дͷĳƷ
һʮƷնɱֱͨгʱ϶Ĭˡ
ƷٶˢǶǿ֪֮ǰȻֺ֪ͨǿ󣬵Ҳ֪ԭ֮ͨĲȻҲô
ԽԽϸ¶ǳ޻˵Ϣ˳һΧһģжʮͷͨޡ
ڣЩͨҲͳͳ˳Ʒϡ
Ҳ˵һսƷնɱ˳ʮͨĸ֣Ǻεȿֲ顣
˵֮ǰ˵٩ƷǸͨսߵĳƺŵĻôڣͲһֵ٩ˣʵ顣
жͨĸ֣Ϊ֪Ŀ¶δô
ڳƷһ˾ˣǺεȺ˵Ĵڡ
֮⣬жսһڳƷϣ
ȻƵ˶˳ƷնɱЩͨģȻֻһСֵƵҲȻ󲨡
ⶼǾ»ܣƺͼƷһߵλãĬͬô
ͳʧ֮ʧȥ˶룬ҲĻ̻̣˶֪Ժľܹ֮ߵʲôط
˵ĸҪһʱʱ򣬳Ʒճһ־ǿ̬գϵ£˲òע⵽Ĵڡ
£ףƽԪ˧ǣͷƷƵλϵļƻҲʼ𽥵ķ
֮ǰͳ̫ǿƣҲǶžԵģͬģҲһܴ⣬ͳʧ֮Ⱥס
ڣƷĳ֣ܹն
ͳ˵ΪĺͣɱǿУսķܹ֮ռ˸ߵλãӵ֮
Ѱܹͨȡ˵ġ
ȻƷȴ̫ͬˣͬģҲһϵ˹м¼ľͳʮͨĸ֡
ǺεȺ˵һ֣еͨӦҲûôࡣ
ʵʵս
ʱԭѾû۵ĹڳƷ㲻һֵֿʼ
˵֮ǰֳ֧Ʒ廹ǺӲϾƷȻҲ̸ѹһǿС
һƺһЩࡣ
ȻڲͬˣǿսӣԭڳƷмһ˵ˣƺҲóϣƷսѾԽͳ
ʵǷԽԭĴͳǾͲ˵ˣϾ˴δֹͨ˵һǿԽӴ硣
ʱеķͶԱȣڹعսûκ塣
һʵȴʼܣͳڵڣƷѾʣΪһ֡
ЩϺŵ֣ͨǳƷĶ֡
˹ϣԼǳƷĶ֣һͨҲȥϣϾȻƷʲôعصˡ
Σŭһ˵ɱɱ˵ץץ
ʲôĬڳƷûκη
ŴƷսƵƷһֵͷҲǲֶߡ
˷Ӧ֮󣬱һƬȻʵΪƷǵ֮еʱ̫ˣǳƷոձϿΪ߸ϵֵͨʱ򣬾Ѿһˡ
δй
ڸֵƶ֮£ƷĻҲϵĻƷҲʼȡͳ𽥳ΪܹȶĵĶ롣


951 ˼⣬ӿ
ϣƷһսնɱʮͨȻҲΪ˷˼Ļ⡣
ǺܶԭϽĺ֣ԸųƷȻܹһսʮͨ
ⲻĳѡ
֮ôܻӵں֮УҲǾž޵
ڵһսս϶мأ¶һЩƬΣ㹻֤ƷλɱЩͨĸˡ
Ȼвûй¶̫ڳƷս񣬺;ѧ֮ģ翴ҲѾ㹻ˡ
˵ǿֲ
ڳƷڵһ˵ĸִţϣͣ¡
ҲȷʵҪģ
֮⣬ҲҪģ˵ֻǱƲѵʹõģΪǴģʹã߽ͨĸסһǰ֪ˣҪɱЩͨѶȷǳ
ҪԸ֣õķ֣
ڣ֮гôһֲĴڣ˵һϢԶһֱʥ˵Ҳʲô¡
ʱʥһֱƣԸֲ㣬˵ɽ˵һء
Ҫûи߿ƼıֻѾˡ
ⷽ棬ǡǡʥصǿǿǿϲؽδȽŸͳؽñϡ
ʵϣʥض͸ҲǴڲŸոտʼֻڸոտʼӰѡ
һʱ䣬϶˼֧֣Ͼͳʧ£¿˵Ļ̡̻
ʥظִĺôҲԶ׼ġ
һҹ֮䣬ڸ߶ʵϣԱȼɽͺ塣
ųƷĺճ֣ȴһӴ˺ܶ˵ĿֻţϾԼĸҲҪ
ϾʥҪܶ࣬ȫһ߸ϵӣǸúܶ˶Ųʹ졣
˵֮ǰʥش˴ţƷֹܵһε׷ɱ
иõѡȻԸѡʥغ
ԳƷڵ˵ٸʮʮʱ䣬ֻ¾ͿԺ͵ͳᲢˡ
ǸʱȻĵػ񣬲㾽ȡ
£֮ʱΪ֮һ䣬ȻҲЩԸʥһ飬Ʒǡѡ
־֮£ƷƵ˷˼֮ϣɽ壬ʥضΪ֮ӣɵɱġ
һʧصɽʥԹǺųҪƷѪծѪ
ʮͷͨ޵ʧһųƱཫʥԹһҲһҰܣʧ
ټϳƷôС˵УѾжд̣δ˿ơ
ϵķ˼֮£һɹɰӿ
ʱƷȻ֪Ϊַˡ
Ѿٶȸϵױ
ʱױΧ޺˼꣬ʱһһ޶Ѿͻ˾磬ﵽͨء
˳Ʒ˼æǰеʵôǵһΣ
İɣһжѾ㶨ˣ
ƷһսĴ徭˼һ¡
˼֪һսȻôͨʱ򣬲ɵõһ
ǰһʮͨǶôӴһʱҲôĸ֡
ȻƷ˵赭дǾãһսȻʮΣյġ
ƷҲɽͼеĺ˳˼ȷˣƷȷʵս
һͷĸоѹȻѾڼȵˣּϵѹƻǴڵġ
ոսױ֮УҲһֲױҪûΪƬ֮䣬ҲĻѪ
ڿƷˣûһǳƷЩ£ȫսתԼ
ʱֻò˼飡
ƷҲСֱӽڸ˺ʱһѾܹʼЩڱɱ
ܹоԼڵķȻر࣬ԭٵ˵ѾǷǳ˲ˡ
Ͼ޺岻ͬٶҲǽȻͬģ
ˣã
˼ȷ˳Ʒû֮һȻ˵һ顣
ʱ䣬ǿֹһӺľӿױ֮У˼˶٣Ȼ˵ҪڻҺ޾Ҫȥ̽һˣ


952 嶯ױֶ
ľӣƷе֣ױ֮жں˵һأǸͨĸҲ⡣
Ǻľӣ˼ܿ϶ĵ˵ͷҿ˲ֹһ֧ĺӣĻͺܿ񱩣ܼȺܵͣǲܷң
ܾǿ϶ʲô뷨ͨȥս
Ʒ룬˼˵ĺеȻЩðž޴Σսױ֮У϶ȼٵģȽɽͼĿռ֮УϢȥ̽̽
˼˵ͷԼֱӽɽͼĿռ֮С
Ʒǿʼױ֮дһһ뵽ױ
ױ滹ҪŨ̫ˣǸݺύҪرȥֻҪ΢߼ͻָ׵ϡ
ĵطܼȺֵܵͣͨҲôã޷ȥԶ΢Զһ㣬ͻᱻ޾֮״ݻ١
˼˵һ֮󣬺ܿͿһһӵĺפУ˵ޱȿµ䵽ǵϵʱ򣬶һŷ˳ȥ
ЩϷһ㵭Ĺâܹ赲Щһرı׷
ڳŴ֮ʮеһַ
ƷԿЩεĺ֮⣬ں֮£Ѿ׻׽ĺˮ֮УȻһͷһͷǿ޵Ρ
Ǻ֮ǿޣ
ƷЩ֣ʽɽЩƣЩͬһһΪȺ۾ӵģЩεĺӣǳƷܹóģкüȺ
ܹͳôȺں֮УӦҲһˣѰȺû
ĪĽױҺķ˲ƵĴۣЩ׷͹ģЩ׷ɲЧģǿȵ֮Ĵ֮£Ǳ׷Ҳò˶ãʱ
Щֵɾ൱ˡ
͸ԵúĿĲˡ
޾֮УƷҲ䡣
ƷһƬ֮УһУһһߵȴ֧Ķ
һ֧֮ں˶ȴһȺͨĴ֮¡
һȺ߸ͨĸ֣Ȼձ鶼ͨأصĸ֡
Ϊں֮ҲˣȻЩ֮ͨȴһ㣬ӵһŴʮģӡ
һɫۼףΪ䣬ɷʮ㣬ֻԶԶĿţܹоһɿֲѹȸС
ͨأ
ƷһӾжϳʵԳƷʵѰͨضĶ֣ɱ¶ͨأԱ
ôģֵĳ֣ȴо
ͨصĸ֣Ѿ֮ͨеٮٮˣûӼĸֶ˵
ǰĴͳʵ϶ﵽǳԽˣҲֻдͳһѡ
ڴͳڵ£ָһܽ½췭ظ
û˿ƣ֪ʲô֮Уּĸڱչ֮Уߵͷ֮ǰͻơ
Ҫ߳ͻȻĴ飬㹻档
Ǹڼӣһ֣ʱ֧ǧ˶ʼױȥ
⼸ͨĸһȣ
Ʒ΢һ֮󣬾͵һ֧ĺ档
ԶԶĵţܿͽױ
ױѾܼ·һ㣬ǳƷҪ߾ȫЩ֮ǰǰġ
һֻҲڲͣĸϵı׷ûЩ׷֧ǧ˵Ĵ˲ͻᱻûС
һ֧ĺ棬Ʒ֪ǵĿĺڡ
֮еĽأ֮еľȻһ޴ĶƯױ֮ϡ
ֱ䵽֮ϣֱӱܿˡ
һΧһ罫ΧУԼԼԿһֵɫĹâ·Ҳɵһ
ƷҲʱЩȻ˴·ֻҲ뵽һƬױ֮оȻôطĴڡ
һ֧Ѿױ֮ǰһһҹˡ
ױ֮еĻ̫ӣ¶ΪгʿҲ˵нѣûֿͨ·б׷Ҳûа취ߡ
Ӷڱ׷ģȻһΪӴĿ
ŵĻһһҹĵı׷Ϳϰڡ
ԸʧϰҲҪԭȻΪױеĶˡ


953 벶
һ޴ĶǰǧнֹȻǧѺ͵ʵУȻֱƳʮŴڡ
ʮŴÿһŹڹֱܵͳףһܹöģҲЩ֮һЩȺܹʮŴڰױ
֮ждˣ˵ɲʲôϢƷ
£ľǹһȵĿƼʵҪ̶ȻҪ
ɽͺȻҲʶһ㣬ʼֱ׷ȻȻûа취ᲢۣȻҲǰԭʼ״̬ˡ
˵ɲʲôϢ
ƷҲûնЩΪûһʮŴھڱ׷ػ֮£ˡ
䣡
䣡
䣡
ܲױʮŴͬʱڵľ˶Ƭױ𶯡
ʮڵݺݵĺ䵽ǸĽϣɲǼ䣬ͽһ޴ѷ졣
ת˲䣬ϵѷֱ޸ˣȻ׼Ʒǳߣһһ޸ѷ죬άֽĴڡ
ȻѾ뵽һ㶼ȣʮž޴Ļڻڲͣĺ
˰죬Ȼǲûж٣ȥٶȣ֪ҪӶʱȥ
ƷҲǿ̾Ϊֹȷʵˣڲϵĺ㹻һкɷˡ
ڣǸڼסˣʼͨһ˳׷׻˱壬һͷһͷֲޣξ޴Сɽһ㡣
Ǹڼ˾Ȼһͷ޴ޱȵĺɫһͷȫɢΪֲɱ
һ壿Ʒ̾ϳˣڼ˵
ôһһ֧ĹѾˣһֱжԣνɱҲնɱ˲ٸֵһĸ֡
ƷЦһˣһʰˣ
Щͨ޻˱֮󣬷׷ſ˴ڣ³˿ֲϢֱӺ˽ϣʮŴڽӦ
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һľ죬ױ֮Ҳ
һգۣǰʱȥ˰ĿըĽƷʮָߣҲûа취ܵס̶ȵĺը
ںһ֮У׻Ϊޣɢǵ㣬֮С

һͷξ޴Ҳ»һڼӣһ֣ѾȴѾõģǧ̳˶֮С
ʱû˽谭ƷſԿǳ֮ӴǧһƬޱ޼ʣǾȻȫ֮Уû
֪ǰ˵ʱǶôľˡ
ȵЩû˶֮УƷʩʩȻ˽ȥ
ոսƯױϵĶŷ֣ϿһȻȴǱж죬һ޴ޱȵĹ
ʱĴ֮УѾǺɱһƬ
ȽЩһȫ׹Ӱսһ
Щȫ׹ӰϸһſԿȻһĿܣڿܵ棬һ
ЩܵһǧǧٶˣȴסԼĺ
һʱ䣬涼סˡ
ûõķ
ǸڼһߣԳˡ
ֻһɲǼ䣬Ѿ˿ܴ֮Уһ޴ޱȵβֱԻ˳һɨǱɨеĿͳͳը˿
ЩȻһ߶εΪҲʮֲףȻڼž޴Ĳࡣ
ЩִͨʱҲ׷׸֣ͬһʱ䣬ֲֿĹɨ
Щͨĺֳֺ޹˼ɣһǴĹʽɨһЩı䣬ҲǺ⡣
Ƭ֮䣬Ѿ˿ܴɵķߡ
ͻߵʱڴĸ䣬һĸľ޴ʮ׶ߵĿ˶ˡ
֮ǰЩ൱쾳Ŀ˲ͬĸ޴ĿܣȻͨ
һ˲䣬ĸ˱ͨź˵ĵ⣬ɲǼ䣬޴Ӱ͵Щֵͨǰ
סǣ
ڼȻѾ뵽⣬һ㶼ûоţֱ
ͨĸ֣̾ͳĸ޴ͨɱȥ
¡¡¡
һʱ䣬ͨĿֲս˳Ҫֻս㹻̮ȥˡ
Ǹڼ˼ǰȥǰһž޴ϣƯһ˸׹Ȩȡ


954 ȸںͻƾ
һ˸âȨͨ϶ɵģ壬Ϊˡ
ȻͬһżصģǱһȨȣ
Ǻڼ¶˹Ȼ˵飬֮˸̰Ĺâ
һȨȣ˸ֹżҵȨȵļأ˹ױһƪżҲ֪ױȻôһ
յ伮ϵļأӦԳŴһλ֣޾֮пٳôһ
ױ֮ԻγɣҲΪĹϵ̺Ŵȥö֮γױޱ
ڣҪˣǸʱûбһ壬Ҳ޾֮ӵԼһϯ֮ء
Ҳ
ǺڼӹЦֱӻһֻ޴צһӽȨΧĽ顣
ͼȨȵʱأһӰѸײڶ֮ƺ˹
ڼӼ̾͸о˲ԣѾˣһӰٶȸ죬ɲǼѾǰͷһѽȨС
ǵӰٶ̫ˣ쵽ûзӦٶȣһоѾˡ
䣡
һӰȨȵʱһɿֲб˳ȨȱܵĿʼȨڲ׹⣬˷ɢ˳ȥ
ҲһӰͣúڼˣһɫװӣǵģһӣϵϢʮԣҲΡ

ŭˣȻ˵ǵ˸벶ȸں
ˣȴǱˣǳƷ
ڿһȨȵʱ֪һĺĹؼ㣬һȨϣӦǿĹؼڡ
ȻˣȻ䵽ϡ
Ըɴֱȳˡ
ڴȨȵʱ򣬾һɿֲɵ˳Ʒϡ
ɲǼ䣬Ʒ͸оһɾ׵ӿ֮УЩͬЩвٵʡ
һɾ׵ȴǷǳ֪ҪٱֻһС֣ڳƷ˵ǼΪӴġ
̾ҪһűˣȻѾˣƷҲѾûѡˣֻѡǿˡ
ȻڼҲʶ˳Ʒٵ⣬ʱЦˣ
¶˼飬ҪųƷűҲûж֣Ǿֻһ˲䣬ƷʹɽͼĿռ䣬һ˲ͽɽͼĿռ֮С
һգ۵ĹǺڼӾͿ˳ƷӰʧˡ
𣡡
Ǻڼӱһ޴޺𣬳ƷȻĿųƷˡ
ռ䷨
û뵽ƷȻӵıϣռװȻǶͨ˵ҲǴû
δܹװ˽ȥĿռ۵װһ˵ҲܹŸ֮УҪʱȡ
ܹװػȥռװĿռװ֮УҲʮֺģƷѾĿǰܹӴĵˡ
ҾͲ㲻
ڼŭ˼£վ뵽ˣƷȨȵűˣǶڿռװ֮Ҳûá
ȻóƷܻܿڿռװٳȿռ֮УǲԸӷ
ֻҪƷһһκ֣ղűԳ֣Ϊһʱԥ˺ܶĶ
˭ˣ
ڼһһٵ˵ɱڡ
ͬʱƷһӾͽɽͼĿռ֮Уʱ˼Ѿ֪淢ʲôֻҪƷԸ⣬ɽͼҲԿ
ҪҪ˼æʵ
ҵȫڵ
ƷʱܹоڷŰһɿµڷӿΪǿ񱩵ǻʼս壬ͱűˡ
ܹоһǿڲϵƻֲǣУγһ޴ޱȣӵķΪϣǳƷȴһϳ֡
ף
һΪӵ֣ѧУڵĳŴֶͬǼڳŴ֮ҲǼΪµ֡
ǼΪϵ֣ΪӽıԴֻλܹպý˵ʵļ䣬Ȼû⡣
֣дĪܡ
ԴԴϵӿ·Ҫʱ֮лȫкһ
ƴˣ
Ʒ̾˾µֻƴһѣһͻơ


955 ͨ
һڷŰǿֲĳ̶ȸ˿ϢĻᣬȥǻʼս壬Ҳᱻһ׳űˡ
һһϵķҲ֪ĸƳģô꣬Ҳ֪˶ٵ
ǱӡȨ֮УڳƷסȨȵһ˲䣬оڵ񱬷һâһַһӴȨ֮˳Ʒ֮С
յڵʧأһиӴȨ֮УƷٽӴˣɽͼĿռ֮󣬾ֱӵһߡ
ʱûа취ȻеǳƷܹסַ
ܹоĳַһеĹؼƿַܹƿȨȣҲܹƿһ
ܹܵȨ̺֮ĿֲһӳƷʵҲһ˵ΪԼҲãֱȨʩչ˵
ǺһеĸڳƷܹƿַǰ֮¡
ַ̺֮Ҳ㹻óƷűˡ
ȻˣƷҲûбİ취ֻѡһһԼͻƣΨ˲
Ҫչͻƣ㲻ùңҲȥһȨȣĿǰûа취ƿأ
Ʒ˵
ˣ
˼ֵǵ飬ȻҲ֪ʱҲûôֻڳƷߡ
Ʒֱ֮Ӿת˻ʼڳƷڣĽڽڰ˵ķҲʼʼۼʼЩʼתһΪԼá
̿ޱΣգһ̫񱩣ԻʼսСɵĳ̶ȣȻ޷ȫתÿʱÿ̳ƷڶϸսѣȻһӾ˵ٶȿʼָ
ʼսĻָٶҲͬʮ־ˡ
Щһһ㱻Ʒգɢ֫ٺ֮Уϵǿľ硣
ԭ֮ͨѾʼ𽥼ٶȣȻʼͬ쭳һͻ
ΣգǳƷѡ뱻űĻֻԱַɢٶȽת
£һΣƷм۾ͿԿȡ
Աߵ˼꣬ÿһʱܹоƷڵķͱǿһأֱǿ۾ͿԿĵ
ǿڲϵǿֱ仯ʮ־˵ġ
ͻͽ˼ȴʮֵģΪҲ֪ٶȿ죬ͬҲʮֵΣյġ
һԵĺǵɴ۾ĶųƷ
ˣͨͶҪ󣬵ǶȺ˵ֻ׳ѡ
֮УδͻƵģΪҪڵĳƷ֮ϡ
ȻܹóƷΪˣŻ¶־Ǽ˹һ顣
һǾǺһһСһСڵɽȥǳƷֱһɰٴһٶȣء
ڳƷ˸쾡£ҲΨʩչܸЩɢٶȡ
Ҳ֪ǸĵģҲǿ󣬵ַɵ£һ᳹ը
ǿһҪһźͻȻҡ
ȻǳƷģʱ̫ˣ޹Ͳźѱ޵շ޲ͬǱƷǿշģ˭֪ǲķڷ
Ʒ״̫õ£޾͸ˡ
ȻҲ޵Ĵ㣬ɵÿЦЦһԪ񱻳ƷƿϣƷ˲ͽˣ෴ģƷˣ̾ͻŲС
ǸϣƷµĺðɣֻϧƷڵﲻæֻˡ
ʱһһĹȥƷٶԽԽ죬һɼΪСĹ򣬾óƷΪͻͽһĽֱӴӳͨأͻƵͨ۷塣
ɢķѹԽԽǿȻڼΣ֮УȴȻϵƣĺĿɿڴ
ڣͻƵ֮ͨ󣬳Ʒûκԥֱӳͨء
䣡
Сʱбεͨص޷ֵһӾͱ˹ȥ
ƷҲڿͨء


956 óȥʰǸһ
ͨأƷϵҲһ˲֮󣬴ﵽһޣȻͻޣһȫµľ硣
ڲϵıǿ֮У
һԵĺ㿴۾͹ˣƷ۴ǵͻƣơ
ҲͨأȻǸʱ򣬸ոͻƵʱͨصʱҲǿһҡ
ҲоԼǱȽǿˣܶ˸ոͻƵʱ򣬻ûһôء
ǳƷŸոͻأ֮ǰƷδͻƵʱǿ˺ü
ʲôĸһ
ôܣ
Ѿ±ˣϳ˵ˣɽѪҲû˵ͻֲ
ܹܵĳǲͻûãƷͻܹͨص
һһ˵ٶȣһȥ˵һ˵һˮ׵ĻƷһ޴ˮأȫһϵ
һͻƵѾǽˣȻڳƷ˵ⲻǸոտʼѡ
һԤУһͻɵĻ¾ͨصĸҲĶˡ
֮ǰǸһĸ֣չ¶ʵ㲻Լܹ˵ģһǳƷһ㡣
룬Ʒͣʲôǰ;ǰ;󣬳ƷδȻԻͣųƷûжʱ䣬ջ˲ٵĺôδлɽ֮Ǽ漶Ϲ
ɽ֮ⱲܹͻƵͨؾǳõģȻڣƷĿԣ޷ѳƷƿص£ҲΨȫȫΪƷˡ
һʱ䣬ƷͣΧĿƺҲõ˿ƣ˳Ʒ
Ʒ۾ɲǼ䣬ȻâΪˣſ죬һ³
·ؼײһ㣬ƿؼе
ôˣ˼ڵһʱеʵųƷһʱ䣬ڼƷƺͻƣʱϲüҡ
УͻһֵǻиҵڣֻȫĹѹַ֮е
Ʒ˵ַһЩ˵˳
ʱ˼꣬޻к֪ƷôĸӣȻھǿ֮Ϣ֮󣬳ƷϵϢڲϵܿģͿʼһûʲôˣҲǺһ쾳ࡣ
ԳƷľ˵һ˵쾳磬ǻϾͺûһ
ھһӴӳ߱˷һ㡣
Ҫô죿ȫķھǱӡסˣ˼ü΢ǵĵ顣
ʱûа취ҲȫķѹºܿͻᱬƷЦһ˵ʱڻǿԵҵȫʵģֻҪսϳǿԵģ
˼겢ûΪƷĻ͸оһֻܹݵĵȫĹΣճ̶Ȼ̫ˡ
İɣȻֻܹݵĵǶ˵ҲѾˣڵʵͨصϹֻк̵ܶʱ䣬˵Ҳǹˣ
Ʒ֮Уޱȵš
ǰĸõģ֪ͨأɽ֮УҲ࣬һּײ뿪Щ˶ϣͻͨģ˷ʱߣ
һԵĺҲȰο˵
ô˵Ȼһж˵δڴ֮ǰ˭뵽ôĸֳ˼ͳƷͨĸǶ񻰣Ǵ˵в¶档
ȻԽԽͨʼˮ棬ߵǰʱѾͬˡ
޷ȻʱܵʵѾð취ˣ
Ʒ
Ǵⰲο˼꣬ȷʵѾ˴㣬ڵνһͣһСľͿܻ
ȻҪǣȫĹѹҲܳãַ֮лкųƷķ
ȥƷ
Ҫ͵ó磬ƷѾ˶Բˡ
ȴһǼԻ֮ӭʵҲһ˵ͻƣͨصĸ޾壬Ե
ε˵ΣգȴҲһǰδеĻᣬú˿ʡʮޡ
֮ǰǵҪȳȥǸǵļһɵ
Ʒ˵


957 һ
ͨɽͼĿռ䣬ԿĳһĶ֣ڻûκҪȥ˼
ȻȨȾӱƷãҪƷ
ʵϣƷڵ״ȷʵ⣬ֻǱǿѹȥˡ
ƷҪľʱ䣬ֻҪʱ㣬⻵Ҳܹɺ¡
һɳ죡
ַɢƷ֮ҲڲϵӵС
һ˫нƷʹһˣ
ʱ֮УҪ
һ̣ɽͼĿռ򿪣ƷһٶȳĴ֮С
ڳˣ
Ǻڼ¶˼ϲ飬Ŀһ꣬꣬ʱ䡣
һݻԵ˵ʵ̫Ҫˣ³ƷǸǿռ֮УȨҲУԶա
ڳƷò׳ˣĺûᣬǾԲġ
һɲǼ䣬Ѿŵͨĸڶˡ
һӰּֿɲǼ䣬Ѿ˳Ʒǰ¶˼Ц顣
ϣһѳһµķӿУһ޴ޱȵĵâֱӾҪնƷ
ղŷ·ȫʵĳƷһӱˣһɿµ֮зҲͷ˳γ˿񳱡
һâնгƷʱȴƷıͻȻһֻѪɫĹצצ磬ɲǼѾ
ǸӰΪԼٶȼ죬ǻûüնгƷͱѪɫĹצץС
أ
ӰֱӾͱУݺݱҽ˴ĵϣһ޴ޱȵĺһϵйͷѵ
˾ֻͨĸһӱ䵽˵ϣȫĹͷѣȻһѱץһ̯ࡣ
ͨĸ֣ûüӳԼһʵѾˡ
״ҲЩɱĶͨĸΪ֮һͣƺǽǸסˡ
ǴʱѾƷ̫ˣ
Ʒħ˼ͼѪɫѾʵ廯ֻ޴ޱȵѪɫצһ˲Ѿץ˳ȥ
أ
أ
޴ĺͨĺָѾ˳Ʒϡ
һ˵ʵֻһ˲ʱˣͨأͨصĶ֣ѾƷקһ롣
ֲֿɱ¾ЧΪ֮𺳡
ʣµͨĸ֣Ǳһͣ˽Ųȥ

Ǹڼ˲Ϊ֮ŭĴʼζŭ֮£ϵ𶯡
ضڷӿŭ𣬼۶Կ
Ȼһע⣬óƷƤӵ´ɱ䣬ֱд
ɲǼ䣬һ֮ڣĺ˷ӿ۶Ĵ󺣣ڴϣΨһ׺ߡ
ȻѿһۣĿֱָѾʼùĵͨ
ȻЩͨƽʱʮֺ£ս£ηȻսͱƷһһ
ɲǼ䣬Ʒ֮ӿγһһѵһ潣ǽһ㣬εΪ׳ۣȫ˴ڡ
һߣ
Ʒ˵һ֣缲һ㼤
ಣ
ಣ
ಣ
ĳ˲佫Ҫߵͨȫˡ
ͨĸֿ˵ǵĵֿͬһĿըǰûκ塣
һ˲䣬ͱһѪ⣬Ϊֲ
ȻҵĻǧǼռ˸ʱ޷޿ӣ޿ɱܡ
ȫûˣƷʱһĹǿȣȵһֻ
һڶ֮ͷųһ֣ǵûиоģˡ
һ֮еǼΪ֮Ѱ֮ҪʮֹͬһҲͬն
ЩֵͨסοЩֻ쾳ĺ
Ƕ̶̼ʱ䣬ǧڳƷĹ֮³׸ħضʬ壬֪жô׳ۡ
쾳ѣڴʱĳƷǰûκ壬һ
ģɱһһö˵ȥһˣһҲϲûʲôֱ
㾹ȻңȻң
ʱڳлվŵģֻһǸڼӣʱѪڼ飬˿ƮңԵޱǱ
ŭ


958 նͨ
ʱǺڼʵ̫ǱһЩû֮ǰ緢Ʒһһ㣬Ĳºͺòľһ
༸꣬һҹصǰ
ڼȫڲȼգ˼£ˣһҪƷңѽͷ֮ޡ
뵽ڼƽĿųƷܹ˵ԣ࣬ǿˣǽգұҪ֮أȨأȨȣҿʹһ㣡
ʹһ㣿ԣҿ㻹ûи״
Ʒ˵
Ե֮УҲǳɱ⣬һ׷ɱֱƷɱ˶֣˫ѾѪ
һһֱϰ뷨һڵĺҪϰôҲ׵壬ΪĳƷȫͬ
˵ϻ
һɲǼ䣬ϾͶһꪣһ֣ûˮĵط̾ˡ
Щ˻ˮˣųƷ˹ȥ
ЩˮˣûʲôÿһͷԽһɽͷƬ
֮߱ͨǰƷиȣԵʵǿ˲ֹһ
ǻûͻƵʱ򣬳ƷԽ֣ҲԱѣȻҲκβҲκβԡ
ȻڣһжѾȫͬˡ
ҿ㵽׼ֱ£
Ʒһָ£һƵһ˲䵱ĵâնһӾͽЩͷնޣ޷κε˳Ʒ
ڳƷǿȣǲ۶ɵֵһ㣬ֽЩܹɽͷͷƬ
Ʒٶ̫ˣֵӰնͷȻЩͷ޷Լ
ڳƷЩͷһ˲䣬һͷĺ棬һꪴ˲񷣬һӴ˳Ʒ
һּֿϱ˺˵Ĺâŭڣȫһ֮ϡ
֮ŭ
Ȼһ˲ʱ򣬳ƷǲŲæֵ̧ȥնϡ

һ·ײһһ˫ײĵط˿񳱣˷ɢȥ
⣡
ˣ˫ֶڲҪղסеˣԭֻǳɱ֮Ҳŵ飬·š
Ʒͽ־ͽԼŭһֺ˵ıȫ߸ۡ
ô˵ܹǿĵزҲͽȥӲͬĸֵķ
Ǹܵģ
ǻ΢ӦǾ֮лعƷһѾ˳ˡ
õˣȽһȭ
Ʒָȭķڶ𣬻һ޴ޣָȭͬһȭȥ
һɲǼ䣬ԵĵһӦǶܿȻȴоԼȫˣߡ
˲ͱˣŶ̶ʱ䣬ԭƾѾȫת˹ˡ
ôܻôǿƴˣ
ʱѾƵ˼ˣһȫȻϵӭǣԽԽ㳤ʮɳĴСȻһųƷ˹ȥ
䣡
һξ˵ײ̾һ
һΣǳƷĳ֣ĳȭжôĺˡ
ײһ˲䣬ԱһҽУֲ͸䵽ϣһ˫ֱɲǼ䣬ֱը˿Ѫ
ͳƷ֮Ĳ࣬Ѿ͹Գˡ
ˣͿҪζվˡ
ܣôôǿ󣡡
ԸԸţֱӻһͷ޴ı壬ſѪڣųƷҧȥ

Ʒһָȭֱӻһֻ޴ޱȵĽһӺ˳ȥ
䣡
ݺݵײԾ޴֮ϣһҽУһӵ˳ȥ޴һը˿ķѡ
ֱӲ
ͨصĸ֣ҲסƷУͱ׺ɱ
ɱ֮󣬳ƷæĹѹ֮зڵ
ϵϢһ˵ٶȵȥֱӵ䵽ֻ൱쾳ĳ̶ȣȻֻƾǿѰ쾳绹ǲġ
ɽͼĿռ֮УһĻɵõһ亹û뵽ƷȻôֲʱƷûͶĻڿҲˣҲûʲô
ô룬еСأ


959 ɨս
ںҵʱ򣬳ƷѾȫȫƣһսѹסڵҲԽԽˣԸоʱǿ˲١
ҪӿٶˣܿҪ޷ѹסˣ
Ʒ
ڴʱ˼꣬ޣкҲɽͼĿռ֮˳
ﶼʰһ£Щ쾳ĺ壬ǵڵȡ߼ɣЩͨڵʬһߣǼֵǵĺöأ
Ʒ˵
޶ʼæ˼ֻվڳƷǰ˵㵽ʲôƻҲ֪ĻҲܰģ
ðɣȻˣҾͺ˵ˣƷ˶٣Ȼ󿪿˵ڵӦҲ֪һЩˣǸַÿʱÿ̶ڵĹ˵һֱѹȥҪ볹׽󻼣ǵҪһβɣ
ô˼һ˫ĶųƷȻ˵
ܼ򵥣֪һֵҩΪֵҩģʱ״̬ӻҽ֮һҵʱҪзϣǸʱַ֮³ǵڳΪҵĴΪҵĵʯҿһͻƵͨأǸʱѰͨصĸֶҵĶ֣
Ʒļƻг˼궼ŵĻҲû˿ˡ
ƻ϶Σհɣ˼꿴ųƷ˵
Σտ϶еģһ˵ĻʤɶûУƷ
ڵʼ֮ҵģͲǼ򵥵飬ûз˵ѪҪɷӻҽ֮ǿ󣬸ġ
ǵô컯ֶΣһģ״̬ܹﵽ״ֻ̬ĳɹɲǺܸߣ˵ڻ֮в³ˡ
һ˻Ͼ·һܳɹǳƷеʵļ䣬굤ҲԴ֪ܶ˲֪Ķʤ
ѾͼǰһˣҪƵһ˿ĵزˡ
кܴİգҲõģ˵ǺûᣬʽҲ֪ʵܿʵ̫ˣ
Ʒ˵˼ᶨ˼꼴лмֵģҲðеĵġ
ųƷһȻ˵Ҵһ֮󣬾ͻƼұչأҴбеĹΨˣҲпܶʱڸĽŲ
Ȼһľ绹ڳƷ֮ϣʱƣƷĽԽԽ죬սھ綼ԽоԼԽԽ޷ﵽƷˡ
ȻٶѰ˵Ѿ쵽ĵزЩֻ֪»Ƶһͷײǽһͷײˡ
Ľٶ˵ƷȻӾˣϻһöб飬֮ͨδб֮зӡżΪĹһܹ㹻Ϊڶʱٶͻͽˡ
Ʒʹһů˼뷨ҲԸȥֹľĶʱǿʵԱϲߡ
ţãȥչɣƷ޸ȥÿ԰㻤óʲô⣬ʱҪѼҩģһҩģҿͨرִѼһζҩΪ˲ȴֻԼȥѰˣ
ţԼҪСģ
˼
˵Ĺ޺ͺѾֳȫɨˣȻǳ󣬲˵Ϊ˵Ƿǳ򵥵ġ
һϹŴģйؼȨȣڻ޷ȨȣҲûа취һֻˣ
ƷûȨҲûа취ֻȷŲܣЩԭѾ򱬵ĿܣȻһһĸͨĿܣһ֮ǰԴˣȻһһĻָ
ƷܹоΧĽҲڲϵĻָУȻһԼĺԴֻҪϡãЩܣ֮ػֶҲʱƣϵĻָ
ˣ뿪ɣ
Ʒ˵һȣ˳ȥ
ȻĹӡˣǵͨмǱˣֻҪһĹܹѸٷС
˼꣬ޣҲǰŵĲŶݹ˳ȥ


960 Ʒʧȥս𶯣
ڳƷ뿪󲻾ãһ±֮Уһ㣬ʱ·ûš
һ統
뿪ױ֮󣬳Ʒ˼ֿ·˼ֱӸƼҡ
ƷǳŻԭεĺֱӷеرִܲ
ͨصΪȫ֮£ٶȼ죬ûöãѾϵˡ
֮󣬳Ʒһ飬ʼѼҪҩġ
رִӴ˵Ѱҩģֵ򲻵ģҲ
˭֪ƷǶôֿȣ˵ֽ׶εһ֡
϶к֧ܶߣҪ澺ѡͳԻþ޴֧֣ϣΪͳ
ϾʵƷֽ׶һˣ۹ͣҲ˵˲ٵĺͣǵһһսóƷһսһɳ졣
һսնɱʮ֣ͨʲôֲս˵⼸ʮ֮նɱͨδôࡣ
һսƷͿ˵˲ĹͣΨһľˣϾŶʮ꣬ձԴﵽһٶʮϣ͹ʱȣҲǺǸʱʮĸҪС
δƷ϶ǲģƷԸĻδ϶ܹΪĳһεͳ
ټϳƷƿصرִƷ֮أҪԽ漶⡣
ֻҪƷҪܿ˸ƷѼҩģƷݱʦѧϵҵģѼҩĲ֡
Ҫһζ˲ȴټ㶯رִĸҲûа취ҵ˲ݡ
һ㣬ƷҲû취˲ݲһҩģҲǺһҩĲͬһ㶼ֻһЩȽϼһĻɽ֮УԪȽŨĵطŻһ˲ݡ
ҩĵ֪Ҳ˲ݣҲֻм̳˵ʼĳƷܹ֪һЩ
ȻˣƷҲûа취ˣֻԼȥѰˣرִ֮еĸϿ˵ӦоУҪʲôʲô
ƷʼŲ˿ܳз˲ݵĵطΪ˲ǳĿ̣ؽ֮УʺϷ˲ĵطࡣ
ܿƷѾ˼ɽ⼸ɽ֮УɽֻһѣöһԾ״̬ʱʱľͻ緢Ҳֻֻɽ֮Уз˲Ļ
ƷҲʼ⼸ɽ֮ѰȻΪʱѹˣǿȴͨ
ͽֿⷨ
»ɽڵ¶ȼߣ˵Ҳֻаˣ㱻ɽ緢ʱֱҲûʲôϵ
ټϻкԱߣⲻ
ں˵һܲԸ飬ʵϣͲڳƷ߶һʱ䣬ƷѰҷ˲ݵʱҲ˳ָС
ȻƷ绹ûߣϾ̳еǵʵļ䣬ں⣬Ǹݽ겵ĽǶġ
Ժ׵ľܸܶĽ취
ôֹ꣬һ㣬ڳƷһһָ֮£˵ͳͳõ˽
·ǲƼһ㣬ĲУΪѾʮ궼ûб仯ˣ϶סˣгƷæָУ˵ͻͨأҲֻʱ⣬ò˶á
£ǰƷҲĸԸģ˵ȻɽڻȶӣǻԪҲǼΪŨʹУҲ׵Ķˡ
£ȻĸԸģ
ȻڳƷһɽѰҷ˲ݵʱϣڳƷȴһӱƵ˷˼֮ϡ
һʢ
ΪȻһ˵Ϣһֱڷ˼ϵĳƷųֽ׶εһֵĳƷȻʧȥս
Ȼﲢûаٷְٿ϶˵ƷһʧȥսǷųϣʾƷȷʵʧȥս
˶óӵĻ󷢲˲ѰˣΪЩಢѰܹõģеǸƬЩͶǻܣοǶǹ۲رִĲⲻѰġ
һЩ½ʵһЩ֪ʲôԵƷϵȻ㡣
Ȼ֪ųϢ˲ͬѰģ˻ǵһʱ䱻Ϣ𾪡


961 ֤ȷ䣬ӿ
Ȼ˵ģֻпܶѣһרҵϣôڿЦ
ЩϣѰ·ܹõóģȻ֪Ļ֮ʲôĿģȻʱĻ֮ԽǿҲԽг
Խţֻһ·˵Ͳô䶯ЧˣÿϹڳƷĸְԾûֹͣǺܹ㷺ע顣
һ鲻ͬϾǹϵƷʵû⿰һʵƷҪ㡣
ô˵¡
Ȼˣкܶ˲ô޻飬Ӧ˵󲿷˶ţϾǰųƷŸոմɱķž˵ƷѾʧȥս
ϾƷôҲǳӡ
ƷѼҩĵҲ¶˳֮ǰû˾ʲôԣϾƷʦʲôֵġ
ϢֹŻ󣬳Ʒ׶ִҪԵúˡ
ôЩ
͸һ۵һг
Ҳֻе㻳ɶѣ󲿷˻ǲŵģ󣬾վ֤ʵ֮˵һС
Ǿһվ˳Ʒ֮ԻʧȥսҲΪһĳһɵĽ
ԴˣһĸȻǶ䷢ģһжʵģ·һжΪӡ֤Ʒ϶ǳ״һ
Ϊˣһ岻ϧԱдľֲ˳ƷϣͨĶ֡
ڳƷǣνµĿߡ
ʵϣڳƷɽͼռͻƵһʱ䣬ڳƷѾһˣһ廹ΪԼܹץƷһš
ϾԳƷΪ˵ζԵĶ֣һ֮УҲǼΪǿһˡ
ҲڵȴƷϢҪϰҪٵľ޴鷳
߿ɱƷ߰˵ƷܱȨȷɣȿռ֮С
Ȼ˭֪ȴ쳣جģȥĴһûлƷȴȻˣôսʤѾʮˡ
Եߴͨĸ֣ͬǧͳͳ˳ƷϣƷǺ˵Ļˡ
ʵϣû֪ǣǸҲǳһ֣֮һ˾㿴˳Ʒ·ƽһûʲôĲҲȥôࡣ
ϾԳƷʵ˵Ѿߵ˲˼ĵزֵͨʵ˵һЩ˼鱾ҲǷǳ򵥵顣
ϳƷŸոմɱ䣬նɱʮͨĸ֣˶ڸ߶ȹעƷ٣Ҳʧȥսȥ롣
˼·̫ˣ
һȴͬڳƷ֮ǰѾ˳Ʒ⵽ȨȷɵϢΪĹ֮£ȻŲͬĿ۲Ʒ
Ѱ飬ǵԵòˣϾѾΪ϶˳Ʒ϶⵽˷ˣڵӦֻǿװġ
뾡˸ְ취ЩչһֶΣҲֻΪ˵õһ׼ȷĽۣǳƷѾʧȥսˡ
Ͼտڰ㷢ӣ¸ȥᡣ
ڲͬˣǵԵ֮£ѾԽԽˡ
һҲָЩܹԳƷ˺ֻҪ˻ɳƷǷѾʧȥսǾѾˡ
ԳƷֳսһ鴫Ȼڸ߶սһֱռƣܹߵһλϵȻͬѰ
Ʒһ·˶ˣĸǾ֣ǶڳƷʵ
Ȼǵ»ɵֻ֣ҪǿʼɳƷʵǷʧȥսҲ͹ˡ
Ȼܶ˳סһЩ˻ס̲ס֣Ǹʱ򣬳ƷǲʧȥսҲһĿȻˡ
ƷʧȥսôȻͻᱻնɱȻһǳϧ
Ʒһ̫ʹļˣһǿ󣬸ڶ࣬Ҳסӷ¾
ֻҪƷˣǾõϢ
£һԵݵϢȻҲ˹עĽ㣬һ²ӡ
Ʒʵ̫ˣֻҪƷ¶˿֧ļ飬ͻῪʼж
ǴرִڲϢԴӳƷ֮󣬸һ񼣶ûʩչ붼Ǵ˺ҲУּƷĵжУҲͳ˳Ʒʧȥս֤


962 ʵʵ˵һʯǧˣ
һվԳƷ֣һѾˣƷȡһ˿˵ǸʲôȨȣȻȴ⵽Ȩȵķɡ
֮󣬳ƷװûһȴڰѼҩģΪľϵơ
һ֮󣬾Եо
ǲ֪ȻǿµģһΣȴŵĲ¶ˣƷȷʵһЩ⣬ҲȷʵǶݵĲܷӳս
ϣողŴչĳƷȻһʧȥսĻ⡣
Ǹոտʼģ¿ʼĶ
ϾƷָȻƷԼ⣬ȻҲ̸ָܹƷˡ
ϸǰӿ֮˶ҪƷվһҲϸ˲ųԸ
һǱ֮⣬˻ǹĳƷڵδĶͳ⡣
ҲϹڳƷĸҡ
վ۳Ʒʲôܸվһǣɷ糱߲㡣
ʱƷĴڣ˵ʵ̫Ҫˡ
ȻֻرִĲǶ˵ҪԣҪԪ˧
ңڻɽ֮Ѱҷ˲ݵĳƷҲ֪ˡ
ŸնϲϢƷЦһѹͷǵԽԽˣ
ƷȻ޷ܹоͷǵĿ̽ģľǿԳڼһˣͨĸ˵ֻҪԸ⣬еǰ취ܹǵĿ̽
ֻǳƷ޷ѣܹ֪̽࣬跨һֵС
ԭ֣֮󣬲׷ʲô顣
ƷһۣѾˣ²Է飬϶ڵɵģȻʣһˡ
һ¶ƷܹƶϳֻչǶʱ֮УԽϢһ֮С
ײıǲһЩ
˸ն֮󣬸ָϢѾͬѩƬһ㷢˹
ʲôҪ˵һ䣡档
Ҫҳô˼ꡣ
Ѿ׼ˣҪĻһͿˣ¡

ָϢƷһһ꣬΢΢һů˵ףкܶڹ
Щ˵ĴóƷҪ˵ֻҪƷԼ棬Ǿûܹ¶ԣƷǲĳˡ
Ͼ֮ǰƷŸոնɱʮͨĸ֣ǺεȺ˵սȷ˳Ʒȷʵǳ⣬Ļֻ¶˶֡
ƷֻҪţǾ޴塣
ڱ˳Ʒնɱʮ֮ͨ󣬳ƷϵȻ󲨣˵Ĺע
Ҳ֮ͬȻ󲨣Ʒٶ̫ˣ֮ǰΧɱƷˣ϶Ѿ¾ˡ
Ʒ֮еͨϣΣռѾSSSһﵽSSSˣǱˣͳ
һͨҲһSѣSSѾͼˣSSSּĸ֣Ψһۣ˾͸Ͻɣӵһˡ
֪磬ڳƷѾɵʲôزųͳҲɱɱ֯ѾȫƵ˺ͳƷйص
۸ٶǮɣ
ɱ֯ҲֻһǳƷ̫ǿˣ˵ֲǶ֣ζú˵һ޷κε˳Ʒ
ɱ֮֯Ѿκε˳ƷּҲǳƷرԸҲΪ֪
Χɱģնûʲô³ңƼңݻ̣Ӱ̵ȵȶǰ֮
ʵǿرˣΪΣյġ
Щ飬һǸ֪ģֻ֪ƺڳƷĸ񣬶̫´ˣͳƷΧйصģҲ˸ҽӣƶѹȥ
һжڳƷʵûгĻϡ
Ʒһʵ⣬ԭƵһйڳƷɱ֯Ҳ¶ԳƷ֡
ǲ֣ΪӲǮ࣬ͳǶҳ֣οƷһرִ
ΨһûбʤİգҲûܹסƷı
Ʒ¶һ˿һЩǾͻͳͳ
Ȼ˶û뵽ǣ˼֮ʣƷȻͨԼĸնϷˡ
ҵĸִΪʵ֮һвδԵǰأֻǳЩ⣬һжڿƿصķΧǣ
һʯǧˣ


963 Ʒͣʷߣ
ƷĻ֮еȻûֱӳʧȥսȴǲòѹ֮³һС״
˿ⷴȳƷֱ˵Լ״пŶȡ
һ֪ˣƷãƷҲ⣬Ҳϳ˴⣬ԭڴ˵Ѿˡ
ѾһǳԵźˣƷȷʵ⣬ѰҲҩҪȻҲΪ˽ϵ⡣
һڿŶȾͷǳˣ
ȻˣƷȷʵ˴⣬һķܷɵıӦ
һһĸϽ˵
Ҳûʲô˲ģʱӢ۲ʹӳ
һֵĴʴʣҲȻƷ֧ߵıŭ
ôͣƷʵ۷ʱҳǰô
Ȼˣ⻹ʣҪǸҳڳƷǰͱһ̲ˣﻹŵķݣ
һȺӲ֮֮ǰʱҳڳʴʣ
ǸһĸƺҲ޾˵ŭǸκβԼ
ߺߣ˵Щʲô壬ӣ񳯣ΪôⲻǸոտʼѣƷǿжķڲǷɵĵһѣʱƣܵԽԽصķɣʱܹԱˣ
ɻҪķҲܵıӦ
һĸ͸¶һҪϢ״̬ƷҲδάȥʱƣֻҪǸķ֮ˡ
ŭɶȴûκΰ취ϾĶһһ֮ʣƷûг˵ʲô
Ѿ䵽˾۵ĵزҪҳǰҵšԴ
ϵһĸĲԭƷּĸ֣ܹǵģȻȴҲõĳƷı
˺޵ҧгݣȴκãϣҲϲǸ֮ͽ
ϣΪƷǡ
ڵ֮Уʼӿ֪ʲôʱԭѾĹڳƷͨѾֱȥȻƷļSSSȴĺһʺţҲζţɱƷΪ˿ܡ
ʼǰ㣬Ʒ񶼱ȡ
ƷٶȳΪ˵͵Ŀʱȴ֣Ѿ˿ʼˣһͻʵͽȼһ˵ըһը硣
һң
һ֣ǰ˴ҼȻﶼòôʽֻΪ˻ɱƷѣȻⲢһܹõóģӦǲóľͶ
˭ֻѾΪƷЩʵ̫ˡ
ƷҲǿͶߵļ¼
νΪΪʳ
ԭ˶ɵƷʵǵڳƷͽѾﵽһڵʱ򣬾󲿷˵۾Ѿ׺ˣǮˡ
һõ֣˵Ҫʲôʲôɱ֯õôǮҲ˵һҹʱʵûʲô⡣
һõˣжȱԴǮҲҳһ
ҪǣƷˣˣôҲ˵пͬһ˵Ʒܸʧȥս
ĻһǧѷĻᣬһս
ɱ֯ƾʲôţƣΪɱͳô
ɱĳƷǺɱͳʲôֱء
һʱ䣬綼ˡ
ȫеһк
Ϊһڣɱ㿴˵ֻһƷˣ
ڣڱŰӡ
˴ĶҲסʼϱҷոջںһĸֶԻڣʱͿʼ˳ƷİΣ
һʲô̶ûиҲף㹻˶ˡ
ҲΪƷӦǴһʷΪʱ򣬶ʱȴڵͣⲻҪ˳Ʒô
ʱ˻ںһһĸ֣˵ĿⶼתƵ˳Ʒϡ
ڳƷ˵ϯĿ֮ȴһİõӣܵ׷ɱĶûС
æѰҷ˲ݡ


964 Ϊ˭˭
ƷԼȻںѣ˵׼ˣڵͣ綼䶯ˣڸ·ϡ
ȻҲܣȫһҲǺںӣ
һֱעƵĳ棬ףƽԪ˧ȶеżϻ
淢ϢҲֻм֣³çˡ
ǳƷȴ֪Ƴ˵ǣ˰ɣ
˳֮⣬ףƽԪ˧ҲϢȫһ˼ʳƷΪʲôͻȻ˵Ļ
֮£ʲô˵õģƷѰҲҩôҵ˵ҩΪҪģô
ǲΪ׵İ취ƷôȴؽĹע
綼䶯ˣԳƷֵģԲֻĵѣɽ巽涼иֳ֡
Ͼɽͺ嶼дڳƷϣɽʥԹһսʧʮͷͨޣ뵽㹻۵ˡ
ʱж˳ֱ֣󣬶ҪƷҲݡ
ԳǵѯʣƷҲ֪ʱһǲˡ
ֱøն˺ǽһƵֱͨӽ棬ףƽԪ˧£˼꣬˵ȺϵȽеͨһȫˡ
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ҿһĴڣνһңƺǰȻͬն
ûõģڶ˶ңŲţֻҪϷɻܷɻϾͻʧ£пǱ˵ƷǸʱϲĽ첻Ӧеصزأ
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Ǹң˵Ҳûм֣Ϊ֪ЩĸңȻǺܿ£ڵǰ˭ܵסջء
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ӲҲδйʱ򣬵һΣֹģоҪ군ˡ
ҳذ㣡˼ֱӵ˵һ˫֮еĵ֮ɫԱ
ƷֻҡҡͷȻ˵Ȼ˺ܴĶⱾҲҵĿģ֮ǰΪҵʵǶмķڷأ֪ڰҪԸңȻҪԸңҾ͸һλˣĻô
ƷƤĿ˸Ц
ʵڵĻôŪǶûԲֹۣ㻹Цó
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Ϊ˳ƷΪڣɽˡ
Ҫ⣬ֻ»أЩ˶ྫǿװҪǸܣ
Ʒ˵
˭ѣ˭ǵˣҪٵҪ⣬ȵԺǵĺȣھͽˣԤУɽ뺣ȻҪһսǸʱЩǲأ
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Ʒǳǵжд̡
Ʒ˵пܳΪʵ
ǲô˵̫Σˣ˼껹ǲͬ˵
İɣаգҲзִ磬һε˵ΣգҲǻһսǬչô֪꣬¶棬Щ飬ǲȴνƷ˵ĻˣĻǾѰ·Թñˣ
¿ųƷɵ۾ͻȻԼĸֺͳƷ̫ԶˣͲöڳ֮һҲţֱָΪֹ
ǳƷȴ㽫εΣᣬЩڰһ򾡡
Сӹģ㣬ǵ˰˱Ѫùˣ
ȷ˳Ʒȷʵа֮󣬲ɵôȤ˵
ôأûô̰ģȻʲô鶼ûУ
ƷٺһЦ
ˣɣ߻ҪϣһΣҵҪ˭ѣ˭ǵˣ


965 Σƽ𷴻
ƷԼļƻΪֵЩ˸ڲĵҲãʥҲãɽֻǺҲãֻҪðͷһһ
ҪôϣףƽԪ˧˵
ȫϣһڲ˭ˣƷһһҪ
û⣡ףƽԪ˧ɱڵ˵Ϯ߹٣ǸǾҪ׼
֮󣬳Ʒ͹˵绰Ȼ绰˸ĸʱ䣬ڳƷĸﲻϣǵȻҲܿ
зǳżֻǸҲƷҲֻܸż
ӣû°ɣ涼˵飬ϽؼңҲôģ
ֱܿӱ㿪˵
ȣĳɾͳȶˣĳˣ
˫¶ķĵĹóƷͷ΢ůûʲô⣬ʵⶼǲԶѣҺˣεĻὫЩһ򾡣
Ʒûнʵȫ߸ĸֻԼȷʵ⵽˷ѣʵҲ֪ĸʲôļƻֻҪ֪ûʲôҲͰˡ
û¾ͺãԼҪСһЩĳϻǲ¶˼ֵĵ飬Ȼ֪ӺǿǱһ֣ǿ綼䶯ΪףǱܵĻᵣĳƷ
о͸Ͻܿһ˵
İɣʮİգ
ƷЦЦ˵
Ƶеĸĸ쾳֮˲٣вɵÿο˺ܶࡣ
˺Ͷӵĵ绰֮󣬳ĳֱӴɳվ
ʲôȥܿʵ

ĳͷҲص
ŹڳƷڵ֮һɷ糱ңΪлĸ֣ʼųƷķȥ
ƷƺҲûκܵļ󣬻ÿóԳԣúȺȣƺûвһĿֲ糱
ʱ򣬰ɽׯ滹ףƽԪ˧ƼҼ˼ȶͨĸ֣иĸ߲Ϸ˭Ҷú˵ԸƷ
ôǾͻ᲻ϧһдۣͬԺ˵Է׷ɱĺǣ
һʱסˣԭԳƷк˹ҲϨ뷨ôַû˸ҰһԷ硣
ɱƷڹȻĶ˱Ǿ군ˡ
⼸֮ȷʵǿõģǲϧһд۶ú˵Ļ˭˭һ֡
棬Ȼ֪˵ͷж෺ģڹԪʱʼˣк˵ںз
ִ˵켼Ͳ㸴ӣ͸ˣңңĸûк˵֡
ֻǱѹס˶ѣӵ࣬ĺ˵ӵмǽ֮Ķ߿ƼǿɾͲǺ˵ֿˡ
˻ǿϣϾú˵ǲֶβԡ
˿ҲǳңƼҵ˵ЭˣڵĴ̼֮£綼ˣǳҺƼңҲ۵ֻǾܵΪƷһЩв
ҲӲ֤ƷԣϾ֮ǰƷ˵üΣǶû˵ʲô飬ɼʲô취Ӧ˵ĺġ
ȻȴòѾ֤Ʒֻ²
£ӿ˾͸ˣڵĳͣһ⣬˶һ
ɽʥԹ
ֶһ֮ϣϲüҡ
ƷҲн죬
뵽֮ǰս·ܹоڵ˿ʹ
һսЩɥ֮ǰõһ˲䴫õľᣬһսһ
ȻڣʥԹƴ۵»ָˣǵһսӰȴԶ
ߣҪչأû䵽ˣƷ
ҧгݵ˵֪ҪϵһϵеĴ飬޲óƷҲֻΪ·ˡ
޾һľۼ֮ϣͷ޾֮£һӰ𣬻һߣֱӳؽ½ȥ
ʥأɻפһӴ󲽴֮˲Ŀռ䣬ϵơ
棬ɻڵĵӶڵͷ鹧
֮Ӹʲôֱͣӻһݹ⳯Զȥ
һǿĴڣڲϵĸУΣƽƷ


966 ǧɱ¾
ڣЩӿĵĸ֣ڽƷһƬɽ֮ˣȻ綼ųƷѾʧȥս
ȻĳƷˣȻҲʲô֮
ƷסǧˣЩˣһ⣬켶ĸ֣й붼쾳ϣϵĸ߶θҲв١
лкܶŸ߼ףս˺ܶࡣ
ǧ˽ƷΧһ
Ʒڽӣ
Ҳ֪ĸֺһû˸ǰϾƷ⣬±϶ΪʧȥȫսҲû˸ǰ
е˼
ǧŰΧУƷŲңԽˣЩΧĸҲԽǲǰ
ڵͣǺôֱʣƾЩ棬»ҪҵҪҵͨɣ
Ʒ
Щˣǰ̣³˶ɽͼռ֮У·һˡ
ȻڣȴȻЩ˷
ڲһзϣҲСӢۣΪڻ۷ʱôǧ֮У˿ˣͼɻȺ֮У޷ҵ䡣
ֶڳƷǰʵ̫ˣƷľ߹ֹһ㣬ͨӵǱѾ͸˹Ѫ֮С
㱻ʯӴô
Ļ䣬ȴƷֻǽ΢΢һ̤һʯӱ˳Ʒǰ
ƷƣһһʯӾڵһϯ˳ȥ
أ
һʯӺǧȺ֮еһˣ˾ǸղŽˣΪȺ֮У֪Լ˭֪һ˲ͱƷˡ
ֻһѣ˲ˣԴը˿һʯӵǡôֻǺһ˶ѡ
ʱһļž˶û뵽Ѿûһ˿һĲ²ӣƷʧȥȫս
Ǽ£һҲһɱ
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쾳ĸ֣ڳƷǰֱͬݽһ㡣
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ͨʧȥȫսҲ裡
ʵϣ֮ǰҲûӳ֣һͨĸ֣ҪôˣҪôͺö˶˵ģ㱻شҲ˵ʧȥȫս
˶ΪѾ߹˳Ʒ˿ȴ֣̫СƷˡ
һǵʲôҾûʲôˣǶҪƷ˵ڵȻãҲÿû
ƷȷԴƽ֮еƽĮҲڽЩ쾳ĸָ׼ŭˡ
ҲϣѵĳƷɱôôˣҾͲܹɱˣ
˴һ֮з˼ɱ⣬ǰƷǿڱϾҲѾʧȥȫսˡ
ڶɱƷԺȵƷָ֮ǵĻᡣ
һʱ䣬ڵջ¸ͷѹס˶ڳƷĿ־塣
ǧ˲ԼͬĳųƷɱ˹Щ쾳ĸ֣ȫ֣ٶȿ󣬲һƷѾŰΧסˣж˷˹赲ס˳ƷϷߵ·ߡ
飬ͿӰƷûκλңָֻȭȻ򵥵һȭһӾͺ䵽һ˹쾳ֵϡ
쾳ĸָҽѾ˲ˣԴƷһȭ䱬һѾֳƷᡣ
ĳӶȥʮֱӾͱУȻַַѪ˳ȥһ˲Ͳˡ
һѶᵽһѸֵ֣ƷɲǼ䣬նĵâʼսĿ´˳Ʒʩչĵâˮкһ㣬γ˹ĻУЩֵĹȻҲûһܹκε˳Ʒ
νˮˮò
෴ģƷеĳȴ·ǽһǱˣͳͳûκ⡣
ЩҲһֵ֣˳Ʒ֮ȴֽһ㣬һһնɱҪڶ
ϻʼսֵܹ֧ļٶȣһ֮䣬ʮֵ£ʬɽѪѪɺӵľ
ΪˣƷߵĶİΧȦͱûκνİΧνķߣǰֽһ㣬ûκá
Ƕ̶̼ʱ䣬ǧ쾳Ѿ˴룬Ʒ쾳ʱ򣬼㹦ȫҲûκοĳ̶ȡ
ڲ֮ͬͨ²÷ҲԶЩ쾳ܹƥеġ
һһһһ˲ܹնʮɱ¾Чʿ֪
ڣʣµٸֱˣ


967 նɱ
ʣµٸ֣һսܹ֮ӱ쾳磬Ǻܶ඼ڵ֮
֮ᶨ󣬱Ҳɱ顣
ڣȴƷһɱıˣΪǸһ˿һܹɱƷļ
ƷȷʵûʲôĲ̫ǿˣֻƾɱǧֽڽڰˣνİΧȦǰһ͵ļûС
ǵĹ䲻ƷϣһΣƷչֳ˵ΪӰɾű䣬ϵĽʹó
ƷлṥԼϣеĹͳͳա
ƫƫǱΧ״̬ǳƷȴûбֳκαΧӣ±ĹͬʱҲֻͥŲ֮䣬ͽеĹˡ
Щ޷赲ƷĽƷͥŲ֮䣬ͶǵĹȻͥŲ֮佫նɱ
Ǳĸԭ򣬿κλɱƷϣҳƷɱ¾Чָþˡ
ȥò˶ãͻᱻƷնɱˡ
ȻȵǷӦʱ򣬲ŷ֣ԭʣµٶˣڶʱڱƷɱ¾ٶ࣬ʣ²һٳͷѡ
ڳԭǧˣȴֻϰܹվȫѪ֮У֮ء
ЩڷӦ˹ҪܣЩ˳˷ȥͼɢƷע
ܹѵ˳Ʒ׷ɱƷֻڵ߳һЩʯӣ˵类ںݺݺ䵽һ
˲
Ƭ֮䣬ߵϰҲȫȻһ
һ˵ʵǶ̶̵ʮϢʱѡ
Ʒϱ˵˿ˣһѪûմһʧȥսˣεģͥŲ֮䣬ѾﵽԼĿġ
Щնɱ֮󣬳Ʒ֮΢΢һЦȻ뿪ʼѰ˷˲ݡ
֮ϣһһҲһĻ¼Ȼ˸ǰ
ЩȥΧɱƷĸһֵһĸоҺóƷûѯЩ˵Ļڲ鷳ˡ
˶û뵽ųѾʧȥսĳƷȻôֲ
ǧְǧͷҲûôɱİɣ
һ˵ɱ¾˲ŻȻ͵һˣƷȻųʧȥսʵûȫʧȥս
ֻʧȥ˷ѣϾͨͨϳףҲͬʼףһɱ䡣
ڳƷֳͨĿ£
ҲһЩ鲢ÿһͨҲδܹһ֮նɱǧ쾳ĸ֡
˻߼ףϴŵǶ˵Ҳδûв
Ȼȴͳͳ˳Ʒϣ֪ƷǿͿ£쾳ǰѾʧȥκ塣
ãƷڵĻֻһܽǧɱ
ôǿսνĳƷʧȥսͲţ
˿ʼԹһߣϹϣڻôĴô
ȥһȻֲЩ֮ĸ֣κδ֮У쾳ĸֶΪмĽײ㡣
һʧǧ֣ڸ˵Ҳ㹻Ϻһʱˡ
УǶú˵ĻǿȣѰĵ֮ģվŲըҲը쾳߶ûκãҪɱΨͨѣ
ʱ˶ѾóӵĽˣҪɱƷΨͨĸ֣пܹ
ǴʱҲΨеȴϾͨͬϲ쾳磬˵ܹ
ͨһ̶Ǵ´Ĵڡ
һս֮󣬳ƷսϵһЩƬȻ󷢵ϣֻǻظһ֡
һڵֻͣĳ̶ôҶѾˣû뵽Ǹ
ʱһʯǧˣԭ˻ΪƷģ˭֪תۼ䣬ƷѾ˺˵ս
ƷȻֻͼһ֣һսʼĩǺܿϴ˿
ǧ֣ȫһնɱ·ƷĻƣˣҼ㲻۷壬ҲЩСܹƵ˵ġ
˶ĬˣЩɱƷˣˡ
ڴʱһȴڷˡ
նɱһЩ߶ѣһ˰ˣţն㣡


968 ɱ
ڣһƬĬ֮У˷ˣҲѰˣֲһս֮Ѿûʲô߸˵ɱƷˣûзˣͨҲһܹɱ˵ġ
Ǻܶͨĸ֣ǷɱƷٵ˵Щ߸Ѱ·ȡ衣
ʲôǿƷʧȥս֮󣬱Χһĸо
ͨؽ֮У߸ϣ֮ϣͨͬɱ
Щ˵ΧɱƷôǲгһҲΧɱأǴ۷ʱ£˭ûϲأһгһǣҪƽȮۡ
ԺģȻжͳƷϵеͨվΪ˵
ǵ˼ҲǳȷƷֵֻͨϣ쾳磬붼롣
ɱͨ쾳磬гƷһ͹ˣٳһ
ʱҷģҲܿΪ֪ˡ
Ȼ룡
˺εվ˳˶֪ܿ˵ˣһͨĸ֡
񷢴ѶᣬڹһЩϢܿͱ˲ˣһͨĸֻ֣Ǻһĸֲͬ벢δ̣һӶ
ɱ˷Żս޶ֻҪǮܹӶ룬һΪΪǿ󣬱֮ΪǿӶ
ȻҲͨϣΪûн̣׽ټͨʵһֱңĻڡ
ȻҲ͹һֱעⲻȥͬΪֵͨǿкܴĹϵ
ۿųƷȫʧ⣬ųǿӶĹҲסˡ
ͨ಻סôѵƼңҵΧô
ʲôµģһȻһʱ˵һ㣬˭ܹκε
ңڵͣΪһܳôǣ˶ֱ룬ЩӻңƼҾôŭΣϾƷˣ
ƺںϵ⣬ֱӵʱӢۣʹӳҾȥĽ
˻һƷ֧߻ðɡ
һӲ֮Ʒʵڣ˵Ļô
бµȳƷʵָˣȥư
ǿӶȻ˲ҪҲû뵽
ɶⱳ󵽵жڳıɱϣ
ѵľ֣ش֮ô
磬ĳƷİΣҲкܶϲϵĽƷ̫̫ˣֻ֮ǰΪƷʵǿûκΰ취ܹκε˳Ʒ
ȻڲͬǧΣε˳Ʒùʱ϶Ѿˡ
вԱУǳƷѰ·
ǲۣʰͻˣ
ڵͣȫ綼ĵˣҿò˶þܿͷ­ˣ
˫֧ͬϳ׳죬ʵҲΪ֧ͬ˲ٴεĳͻ
ƷҲ˹ԣֻһ仰
ɱ㣡
һ仰ֻж̶̵֣ȴһö˵硣
һֵͨĽʧȥȫսĳƷȴû˿η壬ֱӻһ䡣
ȻЩҪƷⲻǳƷӲˡ
ͨ쾳ϾͬûûеĳƷѾֵ쾳¾ͨĻԻսˡ
ãããϴɾӣɱ㣡
˳Ʒһ仰Ȼ֪Ʒǹ̼ǻùǺƷһ˰ˡ
ڵ֪Լɱ֮󣬷ǵûսսĴأ
ԭֻҪõһڵͶѣϾûܹһ͵ջȻȴԳƷ˼ɱġ
һɽ֮УƷһԽӻɽ˳ɽ֮Уûַ˲ݵ䡣
˻ɽʱ򣬾ͷ֣ΧѾ鶼Ӱǧ֮֮࣬ǰƷնɱǧ˻Ҫࡣ
Ȼ֮ǰƷһ˾ͽǧնɱĺպĴڣǧ˸ûһҿֻԶԶĵš
Ʒһۣ·ǲһҲǸоܱⶼСڸԵĵ϶ǰ
ڳƷʧȥսǡ
ǻסеıΪǶ֪Ϊʲô
һҲûǾõȣƬ̼ĹһӰ̤ŶݹԶƬ֮䣬Ѿ˻ɽڣӸ£ųƷƷ㣬ȴҪɱ㣬ɱҶ֣ȫʬ


969 ɱ
ƾ㣿ƷЦſǰĹ룬һģӣݣΪ𺣬һ㣬ĹҲƫ֡
۷ʱʲôҳǰɱ㲻һѣ
¶˼ЦݣȻزˣ㻹ţ㻹ǲ
ҵȻ£ȻǸ˲㣡
ƷƲһۣ˵
ֻЦһ˵ƷΪҲ֪ôҪʱɣûõģҪκԮǶģ
ˣҲ᲻֪ɣҪˣһҲԲֻҶѣ⼸̫ˣҲ̫˵·ˣҲ뵽ӵ³
˵
Ʒ۷ʱȷʵųǿӶҲûʸڳƷǰQ
ҰճƷԸֻ¾һ³ǸʱͲԶԶųƷ˵㿿ˡ
ȻڣȴҪȡƷˣ
ֻһĴ󣡡
Ʒ
ȻʧȥսȴҲܱȵģ
ʱЦݣƷһ̬ȣʱŭˡ
˲䣬һӶˣһâһȭųƷ
޾ķһкһȭݺݵĺ˳ȥȭͬڶȻһֻ޴ޱȵ롣
һֻһ벻ͬȻȫڣɢĵĹâ
ҲĳҲºŵ
Զս̾͸о˿ֲѹԶԶ쾳ǿѹֻͨĸֲܹͷųġ
ѹ˲Կͷ˼
ͨһ۷壡
޾ĿϯĳƷ·죬ɲǼ䣬ƷѾжϳ˹Ϊһ۷ѡ
һȭһȭͿԺ
ȫķҪѹڵַ׶á
һȭ˳Ʒʱ򣬳ƷڶˣתһɲǼɨһȷ·ľ޴һɨһУոһС
ȣ
Ʒ·𻯳һֻ޴ޱȵ룬һȾܹɨؼһǡ
ûзĲǽֻƾŶһȷƿأ־͸Ƕյ˼·пֵܳ龰
䣡
쾳ֻоǰһ·ֻ޴ײһ
µǣײֻǳһ˲ѣѾֳʤƷһֱֻһһֻھ޴ն˿
䣡
һֻ޴뱻Ƭ
Ȼһɨ˹롣
أ
һѣͷֳʤֱ۾ͱƷһȺУը˿
ʤ˲ͷ˳һ˲䣬˶סˣؼһƬһļž
ֳսЩ֣ͨǹսЩ죬ɵõһ
ʧȥս׼ȷ˵ʧȥ˹ƷƾһǿĿ¡
ΪѾǸزôûз߶Ҳһǿᣡ
һѵ˵Ǵʱŷ֣ƺе̫СƷˡ
ЩָѾûɵˣԭƷֵͨʱ˵ɱɱˡ
̫ˣô꣬ͨô꣬ȴǸϺ
ƷȻ˵
ȫð亹ڸղſֲײ֮Уһžͽֱ۸䱬ˡ
ĻֻҲòĶȥ
뵽̾⣬״̬µĳƷȻԶԸ˵ġ
ʱףһӶûôãܻô꣬ʵһ棬СĽǸԭ¼̫಻ǵˣȻʱɥʧȫĳƷҲʸ
ˢ
뼸̾Ѿ˷ӦԶȥ
ڲҪӣӵõôƷȻһ̤μڵһӹգȻֱӳŹ׷ȥ
ɲǼ䣬ƷѾ׷˹ߡ
ʱʧ룬æһУӵγһɽ壬˳Ʒ
뵲ңô
ƷһָȭȻһȭ˹ȥ
ǱɽɲǼͱƬȻƷȥƲһȭͺ˹֮С
أ
һҽУƾը˿һ˲Ͳ
һ˵ʵǶ̶̼ʱѡ
ƷʩʩȻԵһƬһļž


970 üɱ
һļž˵һЩԳƷʱ򣬶һַ·˹һĸо
Ʒ¾쾳͸ԷһͨҲûκһ׻ܵĳ̶ȡ
˻ɣƷûʧȥս
Ͼôڶʧȥսӡ
û˵ʧȥս˾Ȼӵôͱֵġ
⡭ƷҲֲ̫˰ɣòûʧȥս˰ɣ
ӦʧȥȫĹˣûͷβһ㷨ûʩչôӦǴƾĵز
ǾӲſֲ֮ǰǱΪһ֣ȫʧȥˣȻôֲ
ҲʵӸ˵Ľֻ񣬶ǿ֣ͨҲǳµģû㹻ǿǲܴƼޣͨģ
˶ʱ˿˵֮ǰڳƷǼɵĻôھѾޱȵĿ־ˣ̶ֳȵĳƷѾܹǿˡ
Ǵ۷״̬Ǹжǿ󣬼ֱ
նɱ˹֮󣬳ƷҲûж˵ʲôֻЦſǧ֣ǱĿ絶Ƭһǵɨ
ǧֲսˣ˲ͳƷӵûУ³ƷǸסˣһ˳۾ͽǸնɱˡ
һɢǧڶ̶̼֮˸⡣
ֻʣЩͨڹսĸ֮ȫĿɿڴ
ֻƷһ˵Ȼǿز
ȵƷɽնɱ֮˲ƷǸոնɱʮǿֵͨľˡ
ȻڹȫʧǸոճƷҲԼս棬Ȼʧȥ˹ȴʧȥսˡ
ֻһ춯صΪһĪ⣬ܵ
ƽҲδȮܹ۸Ķġ
ɱҪǿҲΪʱ򣬴ʱɱѵָ֮ɱô
һ֮ҧгݵĺ仰Ʒľ˱ָǼеɱ⣬ƷԽǾޣеɱҲԽǼᶨ
ԲֻУһҪ
ҵգ궼Ҫѹ֮£
ɱɽ˵ضǾУ
һʱ䣬֮ᶨҪɱƷˡ
ʱϣҲڵȴһսϢǳƷ֧ߣǽ֡
ͷ̫󣬶Ʒȴ۷壬ޱȵĵ顣
һаһƬĳ֣״ˡ
һŹʬƬһ硣
˴Լû뵽Ȼ׵˳ƷϣֻгƷһգ֮УƷĽһӵʬס
Ǹ˲ǹɣ
ûô콻־ͷֳʤˣȻǹʤ
˻ǿƷӣǾһս˵սӦȫλѹпγӵľ棡
ڷͼ֮󲻾ãƷַһ仰
̶ֳֻȣ̫ʧˣɱңɣ
ƷĻָ˶֣Ͼڵ;ǰǲһܹõóģȻһֻĺԳƷ
ڵ͵ȫԳƷ
Ʒô˵Ҳˣ
ǧָоԼѾӵһȫĵط֮һսϸڲϴ˿
ǶеģҲʲôʾ׵ĴսųǿӶĹԳƷǶ̶ʱͱƷɱ
սгƷչֳѹʽսҲΪ֪ҲʵóƷ֧üһ
ʱȫʧҲһܱȵģ
ЩӳƷüֱۣôѾزˣƷܱսǲϳ
ڴʱڳƷնɱ˹֮󲻾ãַȫµı仯
ڹ뱻նɱ֮Ϊסͼ֮ˣǻ̫Сľˡ
һϢʼ
һ˳֣һɽ֮УٰһΪɱĻڹ㷢Ӣ¼ɱƷ֮˶ǰ
ڵͽҲ˷ֵá
ϢһͼٶȳΪ˴ʱΪֿ֮¡
ȴĿ⿴˳ƷϾ֣˶֪ǳųƷġ


971 ɱᣬ
϶ըˣɱᣬĸ֣˶֪ǳ˭ġ
ʱ˿˫Ѿͬˮ
ڵͣ㹻һ飬͵Ĵ̼֮£ܶ˶ɣЩҳ嵽Уرִ֮ܲȥץˡ
οƷʱ˻ˣȻߣһҲʱӡ
Ҳ˶ԣʱƷ϶ܳκνͨߣĻгңƼҵ˳澯棬Ҳ˻ᶯú˵ͨߡ
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ЩѾĳҪɱƷʾ
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979 ˲ݵ֣ͻڼ
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981 һöҩͨ
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ղŻǸͻȻһ¶˼ֲЦݡ
Ʒթƹվϵˣ
Ʒʱоһɿֲ˺Լ
ã⣡
̾ͷӦ˹ϾˣѹͲԣرִ˷ɻڵżʼһ塣
һרƭ壡

Ʒһһץһ֮ץȻ͵һ˳ȥ
ǸҲûܹӳĹֱӾͱ֮һƬ
ǴҲ޿תģƷ󿴵һӰƾճ֣һӰϵϢƷϤˣڵʹʹϣܹģͬһԴ
漴Ʒ͸оԼѾͽ޾֮Уһɿֲ˺СɵĻʼս壬ȻһһƣѪ͸˳
ʼսǿȣӣ֪һͨһӾͻᱻһɿֲ˺Ƭ
ƷƵزֻȫԸתʼƴ޸ϵƣʱƣƷϵƻڲϵӣƷǱʱһ㡣
أڳƷҪƴȫɽͼռʱͻȻǰһֱӱͳ˿ռ֮С
һɽ֮䣬һӳɽ֮дһӳԼĪʮ˵ģ󲿷˶α׳в׵Ϊ
ȻÿһϵΪ
һΪ׵һԼĪŶʮͷ꣬һװӢʮ㡣
ⳤĶ֮УһһϷװλӣĶһǼ۸񲻷ơ
һ϶żֳݣʲôûһ
һ˻ϣһɫװ֮ϣ̧ͷա
һƬ֮УȻһһƺ֮ϣ·һƾ˺˿һ˵Ľ
֮ϵĹ쳡¶˼˼顣
ԭӣСҲҪôѹʥظҪ뾡취Ľؽˣ
겻ǱˣǳƷ
ǸȻһѣǴ͵ķûдȷʵʥ֮С
ֻм䱻ֽţ˳Ʒһѣڿռ֮С
Ʒ¶˼ԳЦݣմվô۾


983 ǰʥؾ
Ҳû뵽εĸȻǵʹʹйϵ
ʱ̣ǸӰҿ϶һҲĳһʹΪϢ̫ˣԾһഫ
󷨱ûʲô⣬ҲȷʵǷɻãб˶һֽš
Ʒüüͷ֯ȻΪ˵ãȻܹ͸ôڳƷرִ֮ǰѾ͸ˡ
Ȼһˣ
ʹʵģҲѾͨԵʹʵĻ֯ʵƾˡ
ڼʵϣ˵ҪǿȻҪڸ߾ϣܹһ֮ȵĶսҲ㹻ˡ
ʼһʹʱʼϾںԡ
һСʱ򣬾˵ʹнҵĺ˵˵ʹֻµҪһ̡
ʹ̽Χ˹һΡ
ٺʹǳ֯ɱᣬҪµͳƷ
ƻ˵ʧܣʵϣǳƷչĳɱݣҲֻǱâˡ
ټһΣͻϮƷѾĴˣǳƷҲӵʹ֯
֯𣬳ƷʳѰ
Ʒ뵽ЩʹĻôν˭أ
˭Ҷ㸶ۣ
ƷЦţһȡ˽ѵģȵصһҪ취֯
ϣһѺͻأĸڲ֮ϣ˼ĩһĻϢ
һ˿֪ܲǼ̳˵ʼȴףζʲôζһСѾ˵ʱˡ
ؼûʲô㲻ģĴҲ̮֮οһСˣԶԶܺؽĴȡ
ӳŴʱʼС粽ҲСҪϵάܲӳ
Ȼʥ֮еĸûʵϼڳŴʱڣԻ͵ʱڣܹСҲǷëǡ
һһˣȴûӳȥĻôͻһͬ
ʱƷˣΪʲôʥ뷽跨ĽؽˣеĻ˵ʥ֮ؽ绹ҪԽһЩŨҪϡ
ʥصطԶؽ󣬵ȴǸֱⲢûеġ
ǿʼܼҿʼʥСͻ᳹ױⲢ˵˰Żʵϣ֮У֮ͬ½ֲ֢һ
𽥵ľͻῪʼѣɽХ
ʥ֮УҲʱˣʱ֮УʵҲڲϵĻָԻʼսĻָ˵һƣָܻܿ
ƫƫڿռ֮ɵģ֮УǿĿռϵĻָ
һҪָƣһҪϵڵĿռ
ʥ֮ԭˣж㣬ûãһˣȣһǰС
֮УƷҲǸһ˵
ǸͷΪֺʣǸһӳǵĳ֮ӣһΪҲǳʮͣѾصΪˡ
Ҳصעļδ۷ⲻлͨ
һʱ䣬һͣϪ߿ʼ˱Ҫ֮⣬˶ʼ
û뵽ɻôţȻ˵û˾ûˣ
ɲô˵ǰ֮ڵͨĸֶؽ֮Уûֵͨıӻڻҵ˶ˣ
ڷɻҲˣ˭أѵҪӳǹô
ʱЩʿϢʱС϶мǵɫ
Ȼ۵ʱǳЦܹùƷĶ䣬΢һƷΪʲô
ɻǰǰͨĸֶ˳Ʒϣǰؽ磬һʧȥڼĸֵıӻ
ʥ֮еֲ֮еĴк˵ĸ߾ܹԱûֵͨıӻǻϾ͵군ˡ
̶ʱ䣬ûֵͨıӻɻڵĻҵѾ˶ˡ
Щ˶ڸпɻڶ̶ʱʹӻԻ˥ܣȴûһеˣԱߡ


984 ָͨʵ
ɻľƣ˵ǳƷһִٳɵģڳƷ˵ֻնɱ˼ǿУǶڷɻ˵ȷʵѵľ档
û˷ɻֵֶ򣬻֣֮ǷɻΪǴﵽͨأֵϺܶѰֵͨá
𵱳ƵƼҵҪӶӣƼҺôк˵ֶ֮Աû˸ҽƼұƵɽˮĵز
Ƿɻھûֶˣնɱɻûжʱ䣬ҵͱ̹Ϸˡ
ʱ֮УҲһ㶼ջûеģ֪ʥ֮еľƣؽ֮еֹһͳ²ͬʥ֮УͳµһţκӴҡ
ÿһ¶Ŀȵĳǳع鸽Щǳع鸽ЩţңΪѼõԴЩźҲǲ֣ΪΪᶨĺܡ
жٳǳع鸽ֵÿжٵʵˣɻĻͨ򣬿ƼΪӴˣʥ֮УȴֻǶ
ΪǵֻͨصΪһһͨصĸǲʸһС
ؽͬʥ֮Уûô߾Զֵñ޷Ŵ
һӳʵڷɻһǳأһӳѺ͵ĶʵϹɻڵĹƷ
˭֪δ͵˷ɻڸϢʧȥ˱ӻԼţ˶Ļ̡̻
ʥ֮ûԼĿɽϾдź۸ӵ˼ֻò˶ãսҪ¿ˡ
ƷҲϪϣʼ֮ʼϻָϵƣʱʱ䣬Ѿ֮ǰǰ޸֮ˡ
ǰһ֧ȵʱ򣬳ƷΪʱȻѾ»ָ൱۷ս
ֻһֻ־֧ܽ¾һ֧֮Ҳһ۷ĸ֡
ǳֺ֮߸ŵһˡ
ͨ˵˺ǿ󣬵ҲֻǶͨ˶ѣĶǳƷĻ㲻۷壬ȭҲֱӴ
ҲȫָֻҪָܹͨôһͺðˡ
ƷйɵĺϸĻᷢΧһ˵ӿ֮С
ԽԽɽȥָҲԽԽ졣
Ʒ˵Ķӵע⣬⼸ƷôҲһˣҲϰˡ
ֺֻǼɵĿһ۳ƷΪزܹԵĸоڲϵĳųƷӵȥȻ󱻳Ʒա
еĽڹϣƷûʲôس֣ܹɵء
ֻСһҪȵˣҲȥˣСƣҲϺСôһܡ
ȻΪؼԭܹѹסƷƷɻһģҲܲΪĺۼȻ֮ǰ˺صˡ
һ˿һ춯Լܻ˵иǼֲһֱųƷһһͨĸ֣ԲֲĶ֡
һһı֮ſǿɴųƷӳǽ¡
ƷȻҲ֪Լ˺ܶ˵ע⣬⣬ֻǲϵת칦ϵЩΪá
ٶʮ־ˣֻݡ
֮۾¶˼ϲ⡣
ˣʵ»ָͨľ磬ȻֻǸոջָһЩѣ۷Զһܺõ
»ָܹͨ÷ٻָٶȱ֮ǰ˵ʮϡ
ò˶þָܹ۷ˡ
ո۾ȴһεӰӳ֮һװ֮һԼĪʮģŮѩپ£ֺƣഺϢ
ǳӵһˣӳǳСŮֳء
ͬʱҲֳǰȳƷӲŻƷĹ۲죬ֺʻˣԶ
ҲǳôһˣҲôĵԼĳ֮С
磬ָˣʱֳһ˫۾ųƷ˵
Ʒ˵ͷ˵ǻָһְɣлֹˣҪûֹѾ޸Ҳһˣ
ƭˣҲ޸ֳҡͷһŵӡ


985 ֣
ֳһ˫ˮ˫ΪᶨĿųƷһ˫۾Կλε֣ƭˡ
ƷҲֳ֪ĶĶģʵϣһžȻƷҲ֮ܽС
ȻԳƷʵˣҲ޸ԻʼսǿȣѰҧݶҧƤ
ôлֹԮ֣ΪлҿȫְһΣ
ƷЦЦ˵Ҳֳ硣
ߣԲѣ
ֺʲ֪ʲôʱѾ˹
ƷǸԲѵļһﻹм־裬óƷַֺýӽСֳصġ
ļһǳ룬СΪӳǳŮ֪жٵ׷ߣ⡣
Ҹ㣬Զ㣬ڵģֺʴܵ
ƷҲֻǵЦЦ
˵ˣ̫ˣ
ֳһ߸ߣ˷ܵ˵·õʲôҪĳŵһ
΢Ϣһ£¿ʼˣƷ˻ϣָ
ָ֮ͨ󣬳ƷԵϵķָٶȸ졣
ƽǰУۿžҪɽֵʱͻȻɽֶʼޱڵɽ
˵ɫһӱˣ޳
ôʱ޳
ֺ˲ɫѾˣɽ֮ߣµľ޳һ޳ˣȻ󲿷޳޲Ǻǿൽһز֮󣬾ܹûһдڡ
󣡡
ߵֲּӦ죬æһ
Щ̿ʼΪ֪ʱҪܣѾˣ޳ɢٶǼġ
˶ϣֻһС͵޳ŹȥûˣǴ͵Ļһֻһ
˸ոսûãһֻ޾Ѿǵǰ
һֻͼ󣬵ȴ˲ɱ
ȻⲻǸոտʼѣڶֻֻֻһֱǵصת˲ͳ
Ȼû˵޳ǵضȻС޳ĹģҲ޳Ĺģ
С޳Ҳȫûοϵ޳һ˵ʵǱˡ
ҵɱ˲䱬ˣЩʲô˿־Ĵһߣ
ʮɵͼΪ̣ǵǰֲʱڷӳ۷ֵǿʵһ־ܻһͷޡ
۴޻Сޣ϶ûκ𣬲һǰѾʬѻɽˡ
Ȼˣ޷赲޷ĳҲѾ˴룬޾޳ȴûֹͣļ
ֺҲǲϻһ˳ǹ赲ޣǼˣӻǽڽڰˡ
һһͷſѪһȥҲȫһӾͱ䡣
ֳҲѾ֮гһڱնССȻҲѾ쾳磬Ϊ˵á
Сߣסǣ
ֲһȫһȫͨҪֺʺֳߡ
ĻҲƴҪ£ûа취ͶѾˡ
ֺʰãҪСͳȥʱͻȻ˵ĳƷɻһ·һ㡣
ʱһͷͻ˷ߣֱſѪڣ֮ϵĳƷҧ˹ȥ
Сģ
ֳһæͣȻæųƷķȥ
ˣ
ֺиƷһжϣֻҵ֮УԱѣܹȵ˳Ʒ
ȻţһĻ飬ˣһͷ޼ҧƷʱȴƷ͵һ۾
ɲǼ䣬·ؿһ㣬ֵʳָָ£ֳһͷɨȥ
һ˲䣬ӳƷָ֮ɨһһͷ޲ҽһն

ֺʴʱ֮Ҳ־飬һͷҲ켶ȻҲɱǾԲƷӾһָɱ
ѵһıСø¶ˣԳճĹ˾Ȼһô
ĻǾͺˣ֮ǰ
ʱһƬ֮УҲûʱ俼̫ࡣ
ȴոնɱһͷ޵ĳƷǳһ㣬ֱվƮԽ֮䣬ȻֱӳȺ֮У˿±ΧС


986 Ȼǳ
ã̫дˣ
ֲһƷĶʱæ˵
Ҳôֵĳ޳ʵ쾳Ҳ˲۷ĸ֣쾳ߡ
ǵൽֵز֮󣬵ʵƻᱻһ˲һƣ˵ûκô
ָٿ죬ҲûãΪϲĵٶȣּײ֮Уֻܱ
ò˶ʱ䣡
ҪҲܲţ
ֺʴһʱҲ˲ô࣬޵ĳ֮½ڽڰˡ
Ҳ˲ôࡣ
ʱ˶Թ˲ϾҲ˲ˡ
ܿ죬Ǿͷǵ뷨ˣƷֱӳȺ֮Уû֮ͬǰӣƷ޸ûˡ
෴ģƷͥŲ֮䣬ֱֻۣͼ˳Ľ˵ָͷʮͷޱƷֺɱ
ɱ¾Чֺʶе㿴ɵˣΪҲնɱЩҲֻһͷһͷնɱÿһͷѾȫп׷ɱ
ʵǿֲҲֻһͷһͷĺɱҪСıΧס
ǳƷȴ֮ͬ䣬ܹնɱޡ
νһһͶ㶼ɱУɻժҶɱˡ
ɱ¾˳Ʒϣ·ѾһС
Ƭ֮䣬Ѿ޵ʬˣȻûһͷܹ
һǽסпһ
Ʒ棬Ҳһ֮ͽ޳赲סˡ
Ҳӳһ˵ѹСˡ
Ȼǳ֣
Щдӳǻɴ۾ƺеԽܣԭǲĳƷȻǿʵ
֮ǰֻдСֳؼųƷһ֣ʵôţ˵Ʒͣ˲Ҳֻһ쾳ĸְˡ
˭û뵽ƷȻܹǿʵ
һ֮Ǹ붼顣
ڸпԼܿ۵֮󣬾һԵϲǿܴ
͵޳֮д
뵽˶оʿһϣ˭Ҳϣ
ֳһ߱ɱޣϻżԺ֮ǰ˶óƷǸ֣ʵ֤ǶԵġ
ܾһ˵
ֲܹزôһɱһͷ쾳ޣֺ£ֲߡ
ΪƷǰͷס˴󲿷ֵޣ˴ϢĻᡣ
ܣڵĿ£ô޼ɵĳֵĻѾľˣȴûһڿֵʱǿ׼ݣټƽƵʵ˾޵ı֣ҵĻ
ֱֲҡͷ˵ΪѾ۷壬ѰʲôĸֶķڷȴòϣƷȷʵͬѰ
ǹ⿴ƷʱΪһûκΪӣǳƷ֣¾ޡ
ôۻһǾֻһֿˣǳƷ˹ڳֵ£˵ӦòסŶԡ
ǾֻһֿܣҪôƷĹԶ֮ϣҪôƷһʮ־˵ϢĹ
ǰһֵĻôͿˣҪ֪Ѿ۷ˣԶǿҲֻͨˡ
ͨô
˵ĻôһδС㻹Ǿһ˲õؼˡ
˳Ʒ赲ǰ£Эڽ͸Щնɱ˶һֽٺĸо»ӵĳԱ쾳ĸ֣ڵѾγһ죬ǻָǻָ죬һսҲڵĴľ
˲ϴŴǵǿƷʱȴֳƷûľľôһ˵
һֱսڣѾĴǳƷûκĴӣߣѾɱʬɽѪˡ
ԭγ޳ʱЩûʲôǣûһеĴڡ
ڳƷķɱ¾ȴЩ޸ɱĵˣԣЩѾǰˣֻǺʲôţֲòɱǰ
֪
ƷֻЦһֱһɨֱϰͷ
Ѿʼе㲻ͷˣֱӶͨķЩɱ
һ֮Щ޼ٺηҲѾˣ޺ηҲƾɱ
ڣһ޳Ϣȥֻصʬ塣


987 ״ͽ
ɽ֮һƬǽ壬صʬѪζűǼ⣬Ѫɺӣʬɽȥ·֧ײһ
ֻڳ˲֪ʲô֧ײȻҲˣʵϣӦ˵ǳƷһһ֮סֲ޳
ЩʱٿƷ֮ǰѾ˸ԵĲ֮ͬǰƷֻһװŪĲӣҲֻдСƷʵ
ƷҲԱ⣬Ǿ͸ȷ˳ƷֻǹŪѡ
ȻڣƷѾȫˣȫһصɴ
һĳ֣
ܱǶ֮ΪǿֲҪǿֲûа취ĵز
Ȼֺ֣Ҳо޴Ĳ࣬Ʒɼ¾Խɱ¾
ڸǿǸ
ͨĸ֣ʥ֮УҲǼΪǿĴڣΪƷ̫ˣΪΪǿ󣬿Աᡣ
ȫر͡
µٳֺѾأΪѾʮ־ˣͳƷȾѾС׼ˡ
ǵ۽˵۷ѾʮǿˣҲǾ󲿷ͨпܴﵽ۷塣
Ʒֱߵ˶ģٿѾȫˡ
л־֮
ֺǰһ˵
ƷҲûֹֻЩĿֺʣҪ֪֮ǰֺʿǿǳ˳ۣ
ھȻ϶дȷʵе˼
磬Ȼ
ֳʮ˷ܵ˵Ȼӳǵ˵ҲֻһʮŮѡ
ܲҵͽܰ
ֳһ˫۾ųƷڴ˵
ֹţӳǳӦаʦɣƷҡҡͷ˵⣬㻹Ǻúÿһ˵ɣ
ƷֱӾܾģΪ˵ûõʦĴ㣬ȻΪ˵ǿҲ࣬ȻͣҲŸոնʮѡ
һˣܱͻѧ͡
Ժ֮뵽飬ҲûֱӾܾˡ
˵öԣֳС΢΢˵Ȼ˼һ£ҿǺ㵱ʦɣ
ƷʱЦãֳص˼άʵ̫ˡ
С㱾ʦģڷɻѾˣԳõģ룬ǳҲᷴСݳΪʦģ
ʱֲǧ˵
ĸңԶӳǵãܹƷôһ֣ôӳ˵ڶһǿԮ
һֱһо۷ܲǳƷʵޣƷֻ۷ľ磬ԳƷδͨĿԺܴ
£һδͨӳ˵ǳбҪ
ƷʱͿˣȻһֺʺֳΪʵȴֲ
԰ҵˣᷴԵģֳһһܵ˳ƷԱߣųƷֱ˵
Ʒֱ֮УǼһŮ㡣
ʦ֮ǰҲ˵һæģôССҪ㶼Ӧ
ƷƬ̣ȻҾ㵱Ҽӣ
ôǼӰֳؾС˵æһ˵ֳؼʦ
ԸȽѵֳҲϾһʦ͸һʦѧϰ顣
ʦֻǸ𴫵ҵֻ֪ʶϵĽ̵ʦĻһˡ
λȸף
ˣȻѾʦҲûм㣡Ʒ˵һץʱ϶һСƿһƿԼƵʮö쵤쾳У
⵱ȻǳƷԼƵ쵤Լû꣬ҩЧҪ̫ˣ
̫ˣʦ̫ˣ
ֳָֻЦݣӹƷݹСƿ
һߣֲƷƾץʱǰһƾץҪô˵Ʒͨĸ֣ҪôǬ֮Ŀռ䷨һ֣˵ƷĲ򵥡
ˣɫˣǸϽץʱϻӳǰɣ
ֲæ˵
ã
Ʒ˵ͷ
ϧˣصʬ׼ֵƣǻȥ֮øжٰɣ
ֺʿصʬ׿ϧ˵
һ˺ܿ·ӳǵķȥ֮ǰϵӳǡ


988 ţǿͽ
ӳǣʥ֮һͨĳǳأִĸƳǽͬһשʯɵĳǳأȴԶȳƷ֪ķ⽨ʱĳǽҪߴĶ࣬ʮ׸ߡ
ڳǽϣ󷨽Ĳܹоǽͬ죬ִеĳǽҪȫͬĵ·
˽ϣڻǸ֮ǰӳ֮УƷǵһοִŹŷĳǳأЩ档
һ·ϣƷҲֺʵ˽ӳʥ֮Уģеȣϰˡ
ϣӳҲȻʮַٲȻһҹǡ
ƷųӾֱǳأ˳ǳĳƻֺ꣬ʮɡ
Ѿ׼᷿
ţֲæǰ˵
һ·Ͷ٣Ϣһϣǳ
ڳӻ֮ǰһлţʱȻһѾ׵ˡ
ţ
ƷҲ⣬ڵĵ֮ǾָԼʵȻָͨľ֮󣬵ͨĶ֣ǲص۷״̬վ̫ա
Ʒֲָ֮£ǰ᷿ϢֺʺֳǾֱȥӳǳֺ塣
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ףɲ򵥣ֺʶʱͽ췢ֺ˵ˡ
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룬Ǹû֮ǰпܾͨĸ֣ãͣδͨҲʱ⣡
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Ȼָ֮ͨ󣬻ָٶԽԽˣҲ⼸ʱѡ
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ֳ㲻ҪƲԳԷưΪڻǴǰôɻѾˣ˭ܹӻǣǴϲڿϸһᣬôͲ֪úϧأ국˵
ᣬΪǲ֪Ǵϲڵĵϸô˵ͽЩ°ȥŮӣĸǱǵ¯Ȼĥ
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֪Цһ˲㶯ˣһ˲ѾһƳֺ˦˹ȥ
ֺʶʱ󺧣ῴûʲôΪȻ۷ĳ̶ȣǼҵֲ

ڴʱֺһȣɲǼˣֱһȭ
أ
ֱײһȭཻ˷·ײһĺ
⣡
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ᣬŶʮģʮ꣬ȻҲ۷壬Ҫ񼸷֡
Ǵӵ֮ܵ

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أ
ֺһûзֱӱУֱײǽϣһѪ


989 ˵Ǽ
ʲôֺŭǰȻţȻĶӣֱǿ벻̡
ֺŭȫĹͷڷײһ˲䣬һȭʱһһɾ˵ȭɨ˽ᡣ
ƺҲѾ뵽һ⣬ͬһȭȭ
أ
أ
أ
һ˵ײŭֵֺ壬Ȼ޷ռκϷ硣
ռݲκƣֻܺŭͣ֡
ֺ壬Ȱ㻹ʶʱһ㣬ʦŮǵңʦ¶ûᣬǲʶĻǾͱǲˣ
ᣬﲻǴϲڣǿĵطֺ֮˸ɱ⣬޼ɵ̬ȣѾ׼ŭˡ
ֻһ۷ѣӳǵʵ˵˺ģ⼸һܡ
Ҿͳȫ㣡
᲻мĿֺôôĺ֪ģʱʦͻǰڼɱƬײųնȻּҲϹԹǾͻһˣ
Ự֮Уɱʮ㣬
ȴû˻ɣ᲻ᷢ
ʥ֮Уʵ̫ձˣһǳصĳҪŻ档
һŶǳصĳ⣬ֱųնǳһŻãǴϲħţҲŹһΡ
֮ǰзɻڱӻãϲڵѹȻзɻȥӦԡ
Ͼźͳǳ֮ĹϵҲ໥ģǳ뷽跨ѼҪĸԴҲΪǳṩӻ
ƫƫڷɻڸӳǾûĺһû˹ܡ
ֺǿԼŭ˵ǷģŮѾʦˣ
ʦˣǾ͸ߣ˵ҵҪʲô˸ҺʦˣˣҲ֪ǸҰ·ӳҰˣҳǰֱһƱ
ѹûнֺеֳصʦ֮ǰѾˣûĸյĴֳء
ȻûУôνʦֱģǲ֪ĶɽҰ֮ˣҺǴϲӣô
ҵҪôң
һʵһӰ˽ĿŽᡣ
˭̧ͷһۣһɫװꡣ
ʦôˣֳؼ˳Ʒʱʮ־ϲ˵
˲֪ͽˣٲ˾Ҫһˣ
ƷЦһ˵
ֺ壬Ҳ̫˰ɣȻɻѾˣҵʲôʦƾЦ·ʲô˼Цһ㡣
óƷͺССĶ࣬ΪܸߵĶȥܻûֺʵΪߡ
ֺΪֳôһʦⲻԸʶʲô
ƾ㣬ҲҺʦӣҿ㻹ҴϲڵǿҿԸһᣬֻҪͷҿһ
᲻мĿųƷ˵
ǲ֪ƷЦ˵˽ᣬʲôΪ̾ͽĵϸ˸һԭ߲ɲа
һ۾Ϳ˽Ĺ˫Ȼش˫֮Ů˫ʵֲɲȫͬˡ
һ¯ɲԼ͵˲а
Ʒǿаʽġ
˵ʲôʱŭĿӡ
˼Ҳ㣬˵Ǽ
Ʒһһ٣赭д˵

վڽʱŭֱӳųƷ˹ЩʵҲǿѾ׵Ŀصľ硣

Ʒһһɿֲͷ˳һ˲䣬˹ͷ·ײǽһ㣬˲䱻ײ˳ȥݺײ˵ϡ
ֻ΢һ£һˣȻ
ƷֻǴżɫһ꣬ϲڵ·ӾǴɲŮԵԪ磬Ҳ֪Ǻ˶ˡ
˳Ʒֻûһ˿һ
㾹Ȼңʱһŭ˵ΪһʵǿͿԺаԵб㻹ǿģ
ղųƷɣδ־ͺɱʦܣҲȻʶֻ³Ʒʵ֮ϡ
£ﻹ֮ͬǰǰŰ衣
ղŲǻҪôƷһĨЦ


990 ϲڣʲô
Ʒ΢΢ЦſŽᣬϴżĮ
ʵƣҲ۸˰ɣǴϲҲǺǵģ
˵
ϲڣʲôһаҲţƷЦ˵
㡭ῴųƷ֮дżɱ⡣
ѾףҪˣֻûпˡ
ؽߣֱóһɫĺ««߸߾߶һ˲䣬һֻۺɫз˳Ѹײڶ֮ƳųƷɱ˹ȥ
¶˼ЦֻԼ֪«ʲôҪ֪еõα֮ͺȫΪһˣͨ«üΪˣһͨĸ֣ȻɹǸͨĸش
Ȼֻһͨĸ֣Ѿʮ˲ˣ쾳ܹͨ˵ȥӣȻᵽôΪĵƣܵ
˵ô˵ЩͨĸֵĲˡ
һмǰ԰飬ļһΪǿҲˡ
ȻЦݼϵľסˣΪһֻۺɫŷۺɫĹҪƷʱ򣬳Ʒֱſ죬һʱһεϯ
һֻۺɫһ˲ͻΪޣ·⵽ʲôֲѹһ˲仯Ϊޡ
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ʱһʧˣ·ɤӱסһ
԰ȴڳƷǰʧЧˣΰΪֲģ˵ʲô˵ƷԶԶ
ֶΰң㲻ã
ƷһֱһֻƳҲʲôжֻһĳӿڶȴһ˿һûй˸ûиоʲô仯ʱȴɴ۾ǱսһһһĻΪҽ˲ɢ˸ɸɾ
ȫһļž˶ɵһ۵ĿųƷ·Ǽ˹һš
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ǶоʲôƷ磬ûʲô˵ıʣȻͿ˽ȥˡ
ǵȻỳԼ۾ôҲֻһˣǾǳƷĹԶǵܹĹƵ˵ߺĵز
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쾳ǸģֻһֿܣŮеĳ֣ܿһͨĸ֡
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մϲ¯ȻߵĻ롣
ʦȻںҵģ
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ڳƷ˵Сһ
ȻóҲһ㶼ʵϣʵﵽһ̶ȵĸֻ֣ǲβͬѡ
лʦ
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Ȼ˴ϲڵˣֻ´ϲڵ˲ưոݣ
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Ʒʱ˼ֱ˵İɣϲڵҪҾ޻أĹ캦ֱݣҿˣȻ׷Ź
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Ȼ֪ƷҲͨĸ֣ȻͨͨͲһĴڡ
ҼȻô˵ˣҵİգֳ뵣ģ
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ֺ幰˵ֻ֮л˸żֵǣܿоѾһ


991 ȫָһ
Ʒ׾ٵľͻɱ˽ᣬƺѾȷһ飬ƷȷȷʵʵѾͨ
ֵͨĴȻˣټϳƷǻ˳һңƷڳĴҲֱ
ƷȴǺںҪǻָʵ
ʵֻҪָˣڸƵʥ֮УҲ޾塣
ļ֮УƷͱΪϱһԼָʵһ̵ֳ߽С
̵ֳͨأƷҲʥصһЩ˽ʥֻҲûɵļ̳е곬Ŵȫ
ߵͼ̳вȫʥ֮еĲдಢǵľֻ֣֮У󲿷ֵĴʧˡ
ֻ˵ҪǿһЩҪͨĴƺҪ
ͨϵлһĽ׶ΣûһĴУ֮ͨ󣬻ǿˣĸ֡
Ҫڸ߿ƼϵúɽԼϵľơ
ЩܹĻ˵Ҳӭһըʱڣϰ꣬ʱ䡣
ȻĴУҲֻߵСǿһҪǿ󣬿ľԲֻһˣǿ
ƷҪһ֮ҲҪѷǳʱ䣬ʮ꣬ϰʱܽͨռ쾳ĳ̶ȡ
ܹʥĻ̡̽
ֳΪȻֻǸոտ쾳粻ǺܾãǸʮֵοȻҲڵĹ
ֻ֮ǰûָ̫㣬˳Ʒָ㣬ΪֱӸһﵽأȥͻҲֻʱһա
ҲֳرοҲֻôһţЧŻôá
ҲóƷʵʦͷ¶ˡ
һֱ˵죬һϢһͨĸ֣Լļͽܣӳǳ
ǰүүʶѣԭӳǹҿڷɻµģڷɻѾˣԵǰǰǼҵĹ
Ʒڵ᷿֮ڣƷȶһߣֳСĿųƷ˵
ƺ³Ʒ˰ɣϾһɽݶ
Ʒ΢΢һЦȴûзϣֻǵֳصʦѣû׼ӳǵʲô
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⼸죬ףԼЦһҪݵʦȷʵһ͵ˡ
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һָоǵʱڰ·ϰѳƷˣֻһӶδػͳƷʲô
֪ԼĶĸоǾָо
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ҲֻǽΪŮ˵ĵˡ
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ã
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ⲻ֪ƷҲڴһؼʱڣȻһֱں˵ģʵһֱˣһĶá
ڣоѾҪһƿˣͻˣϾָܹͨأΪֱͻƵͨ۷塣
ҲǲƲˣ
ˣҪչˣһµʱң
Ʒ
ǣʦ
ֳæ˵ҲҴţȥ
ܿ죬ҵ˸ֺ壬ֺһ棬Ȳ˵ôˣô
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ֺһȻƷͨӦҲֻǳͨûãϾôᡣ
ǳͨĸ֣ܹģûи߿Ƽֵ£ֵͨŴ˼¡
ΪһͨóƷˣִˣ߶Ǵһﲻ


992 ͻƣͨ۷
ںڳƷںĻͺðĶˡ
ϾƷֻǵŮʦ͸¶ڻ̶ܴΪδָ
һָ֮ӦҲƷĴڣܹӳһʱȼü֮ȴܳõӳǡ
ӳǳô꣬ʲôûȻܹóƷ˼ͲӳϣǺܺģҪ֪ͨĸ֣ҲҪЩֱӺ
ΪͨĸҲҪԴûЩͷ߰æѼԴѵҪķѴеʱԼռعô
Ʒȫںӣָоĸ̫Сˣǳˮ
۹еģֻҲЩ棬ƷʲôͷϾͨΪɲһܹĳġ
ֻܹóƷǴˣȻҲԼŮݳƷΪʦ
ƷǴ˵ĻƴҲֹƷģȻΪͨһ㶼飬ֱֱԡ
Ϊزĸ֣ʲôҪΥԼˣǿ˲ſ
ҲΪˣŸӾãƷǵ֮ȻڸŵгţȴûһƷϺŵġ
ⱾԵòͬѰˣּţһҲ߾ȫ˵ˡ
ȻƷȴĬĬţҲԲ׼Ʒʲôͷ
ǲôһȷϣƷǵ֮
ͬʱƷȫȫ˵У֮鷳ƲǱģӦ˵ǿռ˺˿ڡ
ϵ˺ϸ޷ָǿָƺأҲܹȫָˡ
ڣųƷʵϵĻظľȡ˶ЩռѹԵơ
ڣҲڵ˹ؼԵĽڵ㣬һռȥ֮ڵҲܿ޸ظ۷塣
սĹ֮УƷĹҲڷǣ㹻һˡ
Ϊ˱Ʒֱɽͼռ֮Уڲϵۣγ˷籩һɷ籩ԽԽ죬Ƭ֮䣬γһ޴쫷磬ƷС
֮󣬳Ʒ۾һɿֲĿռ֮˳Ϊһ΢⣬ʧ˿֮С
ȻϿûʲô仯Լȴܹ֪ĳȫ¶ڲϵɢŲͺ˾һһ㣬֮ǰǿӵĿֲ
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Ʋһε֮󣬳ƷΪһֱͻƵͨ۷壬֮ǰʱǿһ
ֲֿñ֪ˣ¶ҪˣϾͻƾ磬ͻƾҲĳ̶ȡ
ƷЦһƣѰͨض˵Ͳ˵ġ
Ϊʵı仯䵽ʱ䣬ֻԼףжǿ
ߺߣҵǸʹ֯ҵҪǵʲôͷƷһ˵ܵľãʹ֯ܺ͵ʦʧйϵ
ΪγֵĶ̫ɺˡ
ĵʦױ֮ʧģԼҲѰҹҲѰҹʵ̫ˣͨĸֽ˶ײеĸ߿ƼֶΣﶼʧȥá
״޷̽⣬߿ҲĲΪֶһһŲ飬رִӴ˵ҲܳҪܳʱ䡣
ҪǣƷãױ֮еĲпỷ˵ʦ棬ӦѾ뿪˲ŶԣֻҪһ˿ϣǲԸŹ
Ʒһʱ䣬ⲻѾôʱ䣬ÿȥͨҡ
ĳһ֮УֳڰĵȴԼʦĵԱߣһͦε⼸ͬƷֺõ˵
ʦã˵ʦҲ̫æһ㣬һ㣬Ϳ԰ʦˣʦүүоɣҸպŵԣǸΪ׵һϧ˵˵ƭӺܶ࣬ðͨĸ֣ǿҪ۾úÿ
˵ʦĲǣǾ;ɣֳһ˫ֲ֮˵


993 ȷʵªˣ
ֳ֮дżŭ
ֳˣɵмڨڨ飬Ǽ˵ʦãδȷʵűˣھһЩɽҰ֮ðˣҡײƭΪƭȡõԴҲΪã
԰ʦãǴʦҲΪã
Ǹʲôģֵ¶꣬û˵ʥظôˣ
ˣϾĸƤʦСЩû
Щ˷׷׿˵ﰵָƷҡײƭ
ʵϣһ㣬ֺҲйɣƷӣҲỳɳƷǷͨʵ
Ͼ鲻Ʒĸ
⣬˸ƶƷһƭӣҲΪˡ
ʥ󣬵ǵĳһ֮ȦӾôСǺܴ
ͨĸ־ЩͨӦò˶һ㲻֪
ˣֳشһң˵Щôˣ
ʦãҲǸ˼
æ˵
ҪֳСһЩѣͷã̴Բ˵
ֳȻѾ˵ˡ
أԺУһӰ˳һԼĪŶʮģһɫװˡ
ʦ
ֳæǰ˵
ţ߰ɣ
Ʒֱ˵ˣǱˣ˵ĻôùƷ㾴һߣҾһɵˣοһ쾳磬ʲô
Ҳ˵ֵͨĲǣһƢһֱ֣ͨһƾˡ
Լȫȫıˣһϣ𺣬ǿֳغͳƷܵߵһ𣬱ܵĸоһв
ԴӼֳصĵһ;ΪˣôǴŮȢټֳֺıŮֳȢ֣δŸлܹͨ
ʥ֮УͨĴи֮ǰֻܿҪ쾳ͨȻǧѵ顣
ֻ㹻ԴһĻͨʥ֮Уͨǵһ㣬һǵϵϣһϵͬն
ƷЦһҲüƽϣĸʲôٶƷһָͷ
Ĺȫָһ¥Ȼηġ
ܿ죬ֳصĴ֮£Ʒ˵˽һĳأ֮ϵֺ֮⣬λãңңԣһλϣһĿݵ߶λϣţһǿϢȫȻûôͷųȫƣҲûĴ㣬һ쾳վߣò
һյλãȻƷġ
ڳƷֻһλãֳأֳصĶӳٳֺʡ
һЩӳǵسģʮֵʢ󣬸ζȣˮһ
ˣϽ
ֺæ˵ԳƷʱɲд
ǸڳƷ볡ʱ򣬾һֱһֱȵ˳ƷĶ棬һ˫ֱĶųƷ
Ʒλ߲ǱˣǸո֣ͨҡ
磬ĳˣͨĴǰ
ֺ˵Եһʮּӡ
ӳǵʢ£
Ҫϲ£һҵŮֳҰ˳£һҵĶֺʣҰǰ£
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ȫ˵Ŀⶼе˳Ʒҵϣ˫Լһ㣬һ֮ӡ
Щӳǵس͸ļҲͬˣΪͺӳǰһӳԽǿ󣬶˵ôȻҲԽࡣ
ڳ£ͨĸ֣ڷƮҡӳ˵ʵ̫Ҫˡ

ʱأոոϵͻȻ˵
˵Ŀⶼȴ˵ղų˵Ҳͨĸ֣ĳªţôδ˵ʥôһͨĸأ
ĻʱɧҲ˶ڳƷɵһ㣬˾һӴʯͷĳһû֮ǰ֪Ʒʲô
˻ǽĿ⿴ңĴͽܣҪ˵ûеõ⣬ǿҲǸܵġ
Ļҷ·ûһڵĳżȣһ뼺޹صģ
ڴʱƷˣȷʵǹªˣ


994 һɱ
ƷƽĻƽըһ˲ըˣƣȻƷҲ͡
û˾֣ϾƷųƿͨĸ֡
ͨĸôֵĽ
ҪǣıһͨңȻҶڳƷĴѾܲˡ
˸룬ѵԼӳǵô
ҲûпܵģϾͱ˷ҲûԼһ˶ռҪãֻûӳǱһҶ
ûƽ⣬໥ǣƣܹ֤ӳǲȫΪӹ
ֺ֮ԵԼŮֱƷҵ£Ҳ뵽п϶ƽ뷨
Ȼӳ˵ȻΪһģʽ
ȻҲֵλҪʼˣ˿ȥֻδӳҪˡ
Ͼͨĸֶ˵ֱ̫ϻһĴڡ
㱾ǹªţ֮ܣȲ֪մմϲƷЦһ˵ӥ磬ϵô˽⣡
㣡
ƷǺεҲ׽ŭˣƷǽ֮ܣԲ̵ģȷˣƷͨǺʦҶԱһ¾ͿԷ֡
ҵϢһ㣬ף
෴ģƷûκϢܹᲢ۵ġ
ʲôţһͷ¶β֮ұôֱӿųƷ˵
ʲôֳذ۵Сһ棬˵ңҾ˰ϳȥˣΪǰĵӣҾͲô
ֳСŭӿȻѾ˼ˣƳƷĵλֱǿ벻̡
ʦãҲ˵һʵѣѵҲô˭ΪʲôұΪͲͨΪʲôǿأ˵֪˱ʦüİɣѵҾͲ֪ʲô˽˵ôôһˣѵҾͲ۵ӳô
ĻʱҲԥȷʵƷ鲢ʲôܣΪʱڻ֮е̫ˣϢضزס
ҲᵣģƷֳʵѾǿˣܹƷ˵ĳָжô
ĳô졣
˵ھɴܣ·ꡣ
ԭЩΪƷ˵뵽ҲͲ˵ʲôˡ
ƷпǿУӳδǷ
ұ֣ƷЦһұϵһ֪ôοʲôұ֣Ҿͱ֣ΪʲôǺǣһٻ֮Ѿˣ㲻ֻһ쾳磬Ҳǰ
ճģһֱ˵ͨ˭ʩչһǿһ۷ѣ㽫˶ƭˣƭңҲҽҵսҪǰҴ
ԽԽˣˣܳȥɲ
ֱֳһ˵
أʱһֱû˵ȴ˵ˣ»ȻѶԼΪģָһСͽʲôأʱ죡
Ʒҡҡͷ͵˶ΪҪܾսʱȴͻȻ˵һ٣ֳϣúƽϣεĸҳҿͣǾͱˣʦ˵Ҳû죬ʲôֶΣʹóһ֮ɱ㣬ҾͳǸƭӣ
ã˵ģ
¶һƵóѵӣ˵زΪ˽ƷƵزץסĻͷ
ڳƷʵжǿʵҲûգƷͨǰմɱֽҲ۷֮еĴ֡
ֻǽһУͼ򵥵Ķˡ
ʦǹģϵ
ֳæ˵
ΣҲֻ϶ѣҿΪʦһɱ
Ʒ֮εƣѾľˡ
ճģҵҪһ֮ڣôɱңЦأϣͻȻֳһȫףһ׸ոճ֣ʱͱ˺˵Ľ⣬еķ·ǽһ㡣
ϢҲڶʱһһΣ˵ԭֻ۷ΪĻôһףȻʱԾͨ
˶ںͨһؿʵ
б
˵Ժ֮жðôһ뷨


995 һɱٱ䣡
˶ˣб۳Ʒǲֻͨ¶ܱ²̨
ֻƷֻͣ¾ͨӦҲ̫ߡ
ܹӵαģҲֻΪʦˡ
һһȻӣȻЩƿ֮С
䣡
Ϣը˿һ֮ϵĿֲϢͷ˳
ָ
˲Ͷˣֱӷٸ߿֮ϣһָָŽɫĻ棬Ƭ֮䣬Ѿϯ棬ųƷ
ڳӳǵسҪһˣɫĻ滯ɵľ޴ָ·ܹظһ
һҪƷ׺ɱ
ƷǲŲæ
ʲô˴ΪҵģƷȻ˵һָͷֱӺ䵽˳Ʒϡ
ˣ
¶˼Цݣһȫ൱Ѱֳֵͨ
ҵҲ¶˼΢ЦȻһƭӶѡ
Ȼ¶ʤЦݣȴͻȻɫһ䡣
ȴǱӦѾըûĳƷȴ¶Σˡ
ôܣ
Ҳڱסǿװĵˡ
͸˵ˣԼ߾ȫʮһƺûܹκε˳Ʒ
ɲǼ䣬Ʒˣֳһץǽӵָһ˲۳һֻ֣һֻһץ֮е˲ͽץС

ʶԣͷӦ˹
ȻѾˣƷһֻȻץ
أ
һҽжͱƷһѪ
һļžǶӳǵЩس˵ȻڳƷݺʵв²⣬ǻǵһ޺˱ģ
ƷһȻģǲȻعͨվͨǿ޺ӣǴӱ˵Ѿһˡ
ƷǺɱһ޹ؽҪСһȫϡ
ڵһվ˫ĿĶס˳ƷǳΪʲôҪɱ֣ǱȶдѣҲ̫˰ɣ
ƷƲһң̫ôҵΪֻǲ²쾳磬ղһܹɱ˰ɣǻҪɱҵ˼ɱʲôô
Ҳ˵ͷȻҲóһʼֽƷƵǸزֻϧˣ˭Ҳû뵽Ʒʵôǿ
ߣɱҵӣΪӾôĿ˵
أƷЦһ˵һεңӦְ֧ɣ㱾ĹûȤܣǼȻˣǾͱҲˣ
񣡡
Ҵһ˵ǾȻɱҵĴӣҪͳͳᣡ
ֺӳǸ߲ԣ׷ɫ䣬ʲôϵǲǳԹϵĽȺڰ
ʲôûȴǣˣ
ǰѵǣôֺĿ˵óϵɱǿЦģֻɱġ
ѲϵҪͳͳᣡ
˫Ŀͨ죬·Щ˵
ӳǵ˶ʱҿӸ߲ơ
ǰʲô˼ֺҧȵ
ʲô˼öôֺ壬˼ͳͳҪּҴӴ˴ӳ֮бĨȥ
ͻȻһӳ֮⴫洫һӵĴƬ֮䣬Ѿƽ
ţһӰ˽һһɫۣ¶ӡ
Ȼ㣬־
ֺˣʱ֮˸˺˵Ĺâ
Щӳǵĸ߲ҲЩΪǶϳӾʲô
ңֺ壬겻ЩҪúˣ
˰־ЦЦ˵ЦãЦԵ׺
㻹ҳǵǰּҶǿν御ǾȻң϶ӳҲйͣһھȻָҹңֺؿڲϵ
زλףֻǰ־ͽйᣬѹȥңҼûôʹӦˡ
ԭΪΪҽãڿͲ
෴ģһͺͰ־йᣬҲһʼǴ֮еĶӡ
һʱ䣡


996 ǲǸ˵̫ˣ
ߣֺ壬װʲôˣּӳǳλѵϵôּҿԵҰΪʲôܳΪ־˵ҵȻŹңȫȴնɱѪвĵҾֻʧȥһеģһߣýȫʡһһȥǣ
ӳǵĸ߲ɫѾˣȻ־Ǵ㽫һ򾡣ȫնɱˣ綼һ塣
ܹǰȻּҵĸ£Ҳˡǡ
ô죡
־Сˣ
־
ЩӳǸ߲׷ƿڴǰ־ںֻЦſЩˣ֮һˡ
Ź㣬һĴҾ󣡡
ֺһһʱŹ˰־˭֪ݱ棬Ҫֽ󻼡
䣡
ֺʱڵһ˳ȥκ˰֮У£̩ɽѹ֮ƳŰ־ѹ
أ
ֺһֱ˰־ϣ־˿һ˵ֱһ㣬޷ֺ
ôܣֺʱʧɫԼǷǳ˽ģղһû˿֣þȫ
Ȼ԰־ʱȴһôûУ۷ʵȻ˿˲־
ã
ֺʱ뵽ˣֹֻһֿԣǾǰ־ѾͨΨ˲п
־¶˼Ц飺ڲ뵽ôѾ̫ˣ
־Цȫͷ˿γһɿµ˳˲䳯ֺķ˳ȥ
أ
ֺ屻һɨУػڰ֮оͱ˳ȥݺ䵽˵ϡ
ۣ
ֺһѪ˳ڴڵѪһȫĹͷҪˣ־Ҳû϶ʵѾγˡ
۷֮ͨ䣬һԽȥǵ
ܣʵң
ֺȫţǵõŹ־ʱȻ־ʱӳ֮ϵĸˣȻǲϲ٣ӦøĶֲŶԡ
ȻԼƷƶ赲ס
֮󣬼ֱ
ȥ˶ˣ㻹ϻأǶ㰡Ҫ㣬ôᱻϳӳǣ̻ɥ֮ȮһˣôܻûͻƵͨ
־Ц
ʱ˲ף־ĵͨĸ֣ӳͨǳ˵Ѿ㹻γѹ֮ˡ
ӳǵĹҲǺͰ־һģ͸Ǿˡ
˶оˣѱ䣬ͻȻܳİ־ȻͨΪѵĲҪȫô
ֺ壬ڵߵķϣҿԸһʹ죬ŮҾͲˣ
־һԵֳأ֮гֳ̰⣬ҲĶѡ
룡
ֳ÷־̰ž;öġ
ڸ׶ˣԱĶҪ
أһŲڰ־ĺ棬Ƭ֮Ĺ򣬾ȻѾӿˣһ⣬Ȼȫһ֣εĶǺ۷壬󲿷ֶ켶ĸ֣һνˡ
꣬־ҲѾ֯һ֧൱ɹ۵ڳ֮бӦóֵĻûг֣Ȼֻ¶Ѿ˶֡
Զ˰ɣҪͳͳΪҵͽᣡ
ҧгݵ˵
У֮ǰЭ飬Ҫӳһ˰շָң
˵꣬˲ףΪʲôһͻȻԱˣû뵽־ȻϷֳôһ鵰⣬һһҲܽһһָԷĻǶתȥˡ
־Ϊȡҵ֧֣ȻҲǲںЩˡ
Ȼû⣡
־ϵıô̻ɥ֮Ȯһ㶫أڣڿԶΪһˡ
ɱǸСˣһ
־һ˶ʱҲ׷¶Ѫ飬ǱҲǵѪѪ֮ͽȫ˳ƥһ
ȻǸոճ嵽һ룬ӳǵĸ߲㶼һ׳ĴƴһʱͻȻһâɨҪոѿһ㡣
ͣ
ͣ
ͣ
һըѿѪĺֱɨУ˲ը˿ƾըѡ
ǲǸ˵̫ˣ


997 ʥκ
һʵһӰԱ˳ǳƷΪ־յĳ֣˵Ŀⶼ䵽˰־յϣƺǶ˳Ʒ顣
ٺһɱֻһ˲ѣ
Щӳǵĸ߲㶼һֵһĸоͬʱһֱĸоܹΪӳǵĸ߲㣬붼ϵĳ֣۷ĸҲС
Щ֮еľЩͨʱ򣬴һʼȫһһӡ
֮ǰƷһ־ƶ޷赲ֺ壬ǿɶ쾳֮еٮٮߡ
Ȼͨǰȴ϶ûʲô
һ˲ĳʵ̫ˣ
֮ͨͨͨǰʲôأ
ǰܹͨһУ
磬վЩǿ˵ģ
Щ߲ӳǵĸ߲׷˵ޱȵĸпЩͨǰǼֱϡ
㡭־ĿųƷ֮Ծɱ⡣
λ̨֪ҲֻСѾͷʦɣбҪԼҲȥô־˵
ղųƷһЩӳǵĸ߲㣬ҲͬǱһ
Щӳǵĸ߲㻹ΪܹͨʵأֻԼ֪Ҳܾ򵥵һŪٸĸ֡
Űסеɱ⣬ûֱӳ֣ŰԸֻͳˡ
һΪʦΪ׵İɣƷ䵭˵Ϳ㲻˳ˣ㲻֪ľǳóķô
־ϣһһģƷַӹеŭֱҪˡ
̨˵Цˣ
־һһٵ˵
Ҫƿӳǣ֮ʣЩҲˣûʲôϵֻҪ̨ԸңҿԽӳһ潻㣬Σ
־ĻóƷҲеĿ࿴˼ˣ˼֮£־Ȼܹȷʵ򵥣ѹܴɥ֮Ȯ󷴶㷭һͻƵͨ
Ҫ־ĸ˵Ѿɹˣһһˡ
Ǻǣӳһô棬һңһңѵԼһ㶼ҪƷЦſ˵
ȻһҪĿľΪ˱ѣӳ棬˵ʵڵģһأ
־
ҲȰһ䣬һԸúú˵ʱùԹΪһôҵı󣬿ʥصһңκң
־ֱӽԼ̧֮˳мֵ⣬ʮǰԼ̻̲գһɥ֮Ȯʱ򣬾ΪͶκңܹнʱյķ⡣
˳Ʒ֮⣬˶һʥ֮У˵κңûָĸطκҵĻǱȻֻһκˡ
ʥصһңһ֮չԺЩ࿹ĳ̶ȣֱȻ
κҵʵ˵Ҫӳǣֱһ仰ѡ
ٿ־ҲһȻˣѹְ־Ȼܹ㷭ԭκһ󴬣һоܹ͵ˡ
ھκҪͳһƬ򣬰ӳڣзˣ·һ뽫նɱģȻЩﶼˣҺԸһᣬֻҪԸͶҿԼ̣
־Խ˵Խţǰǿκңʲôµġ
Щӳǵĸ߲һ˲䶼ĶˣκȻ˭ܹأͨĸκҵǰҲʲôˡ
УһҪ
ҶݺݵĿųƷ˵޲ýʬΡ
ң㲻Ҫ˼Ĵ£һ쾳ͽܶѣһˣҪǻ˼ĴµĻͲҶ˵˰ɣ־ʼѵˡ
ߣ
Ҳ˵ֻǶݺݵĿųƷ
ʱ٩٩̸İ־˶Ĭˣֺ嶼޻˵ˣҪԵԶԶֻǰ־ѣǣģκȻ˸ǵĴڡ
ԭκң
ƷЦһ˳ĬκҲ϶ˣκҲεĶ֣κһʥļȷ档
ϸûе͵Ŀԣ
ô־˵κҵǰ˭õͷ­
ô㲻˵κйأһҪɱ㣬ǼȻκйأǾˣƷʱĮ˵

־Ҳû뵽Ʒ̬䣬ʱŭȫҲͷ˳һͨϢ


998 һȭɱ־
һͨϢһӾסͨƣ֮ǰαͨߡ
ȻҾͳȫ㣡־ʱ
꣡
־һӣʱһ쳤ʣǾ˵ĽâֱӴ̵۾ˣʵ̫ˡ
ѤõĹâ־еĺƽһ㣬ɱ֮졣
ã
˼һâ㲻ǳȥģǵƤһֱҪ˵ĸоʱˡ
ʱֺʺֳҲæܵشֺ˵һߡ
ֳؿƷ֮ǵģͨĽ֣Ҳܹоĳһâжôľˡ
˳˲䳯ųƷնϵǳҪһ֮»Ϊһ㣬ĺХһն˳Ʒ
СΪͬͨʸƽƽôҾ֪֮Ĳж󣡡
ƷЦһ޾壬ָȭһĽ⣬ֲȭֱӷһ㣬˲ϯ
˶ɴ۾۶գһ£ϾƷǿϣˡ
֮ǰ˶ɳƷǷͨϾƷչ¶Ϊ
ڣƷչֳΪ˵Ĺ纣ͬһ㣬ϯ
Ʒȭͷ˸Ž⣬˿޾壬ֱ⽣âԺȥ

־ЦƷΪֱѰ·ˡ
䣡
ȭͷֱӹᴩһУ䵽ǿֲĽâ֮ϣ֮бŽľֱɢ˿γ˿磬˴Ķᣬˣ˻ò֣ɱŽĽâ
ֻЩâʵƬǴӰ־նĽâϱŽģǼˣһƬЩ쾳Ĵֱ۷飬а𾪣Щͨĸ֣ǿ¡
Ȼ˲ž㵵ķ֣ȭͽâĶԺ䣬ȻǳƷȭͷ飬෴ģǳƷȭֱ˺ѿ˽ââƬ
ⲻܣ
־޷ţԼȫɨһȻôƷƿˡ
ǳƷһȭûֹͣʱȥƲһȭѣͶ˰־ķֱӺ䵽ؿڡ
ȻͿͨѾͨأǸǳƷĶ֡
أ
־еķһ˲䱻ᴩؿ˲һ󶴣Ȼֱһ㣬ݺݺ䵽᳡ĵϣҳһ޴ޱȵĴ󶴡
ڿ־ղŻİ־ʱȻֻȫڲϵĳ鴤ؿһ޴Ŀնռؿڵһ
ֲֿƣͨĸҲһ˶ó־ڷٵţû˾ȵĻƬ̾ͻȥ
һļžϣֻʣһ־֮ǰǺεȿֻƾͷŵϢشֺ壬Ҫһ֮ӳǸ߲¾ھôȥˡ
Ʒһס
˫ʵ̫Զˣ
ĵ׶ðһͷǳƷʵʲôе͵ǵ͵ӵӵʵƷȻûһ˿һ
ǱƳֻ¸Գְɣ֮ǰкܶΪǲҳ֣ڲףǲм֡
ʦͽϷڿϷһ
ڸпֻ֮оѪڣ֮ǰҺͰ־ͱˣǸоȴ˳Ʒϡ
Ʒһȭɱ˰־֮ûͣЪ෴ģϵϢڲϵУͬһ㣬ֱӳҶȥ
Ʒޱ飬ֻЦſ˵浽ˣ׼ô
ճģѵκôҼƷĿ⿴Լʱֻúë·һͷ޸һ㡣
ָооȲƷһȭɱ־̫𺳡
Ψһܹ뵽İ취ȻκѹƳƷ
κΣֲһˣƷĻﾪˣȻо˵ıϣκȻｻֹһһ졣
Ʒʲôͷ
κҵϵӵǰҲɱ󣬺ο㣿ƷЦһ
ҵĵһӦܣʵȻڰ־֮ϣҲô׵Ļɱ־ֻ³ƷʵԶԶ֮ϡ
ڲߣ˰ɣ
ƷЦһֱ׷ңס·
Ҹƴˣ
ҼԼ·ˣʱˣǱȰ־Ҫֲֵʵױ˳


999 ѧУն
ζû뵽ĽݱӣԭͰ־˾͹ᵽһҪıӳǵͳΡ
־ȻһκңԲӳǵϣԡ
Ϊ֮ͨҪĸԴ쾳ȣֱǰٱ̶ȵ
֮ͨ󣬱ûһ֧֣ǸܸһģҪԴҪԼһһȥѼǸɵġ
ֹ޵ģͨҲǱһ˵ҪһЩѣ
ټκҵĺպתͶ־ǰ϶顣
ⱾҲʲôۣ˵ֺ廹۷ãͨ˵Ҳ޷ѹģһа־֡
˭֪ȵ֮󣬲ŷ֣ӳ֮УȻһͨĸȻֻǳŮֳصʦԷҲվֺһߣ϶ǵļƻɾ޴Ӱ졣
ԲڳƷĿ׳ƣΪľܹƷߣȻܹɱƷǾ͸ˡ
Ȼ˭û뵽ǣ޺Ϊ಻ǳͨĳƷȻ˿¡
жҲͨжϣƷ̫ˣͿͨǾ׵飬ѾǴ漣ˣƷȻʵ
жʧҪĴۡ
زҲѾѡˣȫƱ˳־˵ֲѾͨصľ硣
ǺƺƵƱ˴ӳǣӳ߶ɪɪӸղſʼͲϴӳķ򱬷ֵֻͨѹ
Һԣֻһͨڳ֣汲Ĵ˵ÿʱ򣬺ܿҪһˡ
ʥ֮еĸǳصĳ˳˳ģһСľͿܱ˸ȥ
ÿһָĳһȷѪ꣬ѵڣҲڵ¸ĳʱô
䣡
ţǾֻһ⻪һ˲佫ϰƸɢ
ǿֲĳεΪ׳ۣţһ⻪֮ϣһ˳ìƾճ֣Ĺ⻪۶ɵģһ˳ìӭǣԽԽ󣬲Ƭ֮Ĺ򣬾Ѿһϰ׳׿Ŀֲì
ѾѰѧķ룬ͨĵزֻͨĸֲ
˸ȷһ飬ȷʵͨĸڳ֡
ӳ֮е˶ˣο֮еˣһϢĸо·һ˳ìסеĿǸûа취
ұƵزҲҸۣ
Ҹ߸߷ڰ֮Уһָֻ߸̧Ȼ͵һӻ䣬һ˾޴ĳìʱѸײڶ֮ƣݺݳųƷ
ì
ƷûжֻĶסһ˳ì֮з·Ϣڲϵš
ַϧַвȱƷҲϲץһɱƾǿĹǿ۶ɵģⶨìȴһرѧ
ʱԺ֮Уɢž˵Ĺâ͸˫ۣ·ܹһжһ㡣
Ϣϸ֣Ĵ֮Уһ˲䣬ⶨìĸַȱ㣬ϵĸĽ·һ˲䣬ǧһ
ڣһŹȫգƳ³£øǿеȱݣһƵѧͨ
ڴʱìҲѾֱӺ䵽ͷϣìĹ⻪ɲǼҪ
Ȼ˶ΪƷһٵʱȴ֣һ˳ìڳƷǰĵط·һص赲סˣȻһһı˿
Ƭ֮䣬һ˳ìѾױɢ˹⻪ʣǹâѤüˣÿˣȴɱ
ôҶʱʧɫԼ߾ȫһȴ˲Ʒֺʱᵽ֮ǰ־ľ
ѧϧ˷ˣ
Ʒ˵
ѧ˲ʽķϣԼľѧ֮°ɣ
˵ųƷͬ߸߾֣̯ɲǼ䣬Ĺ⻪۵˳Ʒϣһѳһѳӭǣܿͳϰ׳ɲǼ䣬ֲĹâ˳
֮ǰʩչĶìһޣӦ˵ʩչͨһģ˸ֻǻĲǳìһѳ
ǳɢѹӳǣɢĿֲϢҵĶìֹǿһ㡣
ܡô̵ʱ䣡ҲţҲԸţô̵ʱ֮ڳƷѾѹ׵ľѧѧȥˡ
һУҽ콣ƷȻ䣬һϰ׳ıɲǼն䣬˵ʱʱ죬ҸӦͱֱӺˡ

һҽУƾն


1000 б飬ͻ
ԼΪ޵һնɱң֮ĵӳǵĸ߲һ
ٿƷʱѾȫˣò֮ǰǰ㣬ȻͷβǶС˳ƷҲ̸жôӡ
ȻһжѾͬˣƷչԼʵʵ˵磬ǵ۹ⶼѾͬˡ
ʱӳǳֺڻָһЩ֮мοһΣԼŮײ˴ˡ
Ҫļֻ֣³ƷѾˣĻǽһ١
ңǰ־ܹԸ˵ġ
Ʒ˶ݹ⣬ֺӳǵĸ߲㣬æһ񣬵նл֮ҵһݣ
ƷҲûƴǣһ֮󣬲ŵˣȻǳصʦȻҲĿѣ
ֳؼƷ㵽ԼɵͦСظһɵģ
յӣҲѾвȥˣЩӳǵĸ߲㷴ӰģΪƷĴڣӳڿνǰ̩ɽ
ҲԭĿɽɻھΪƷġ
˼ҪԼҵӵҲֳһİƷ£ܺôһϹϵδĵλŻбϡ
ˣЩһȥˣ
ֺһ£ҴЩҲȥֱնˣûͨʦıӣǸ޷֮ǰǰҫЩɵˡ
ԼоηͬһʦȻôƷһɱֱš
ֺ
ֺĴ֮£Ʒֱһ֮Уֺҵǽ棬ʱһװιӵĽдǽ֮б˳
ֺó˽УȻݸ˳Ʒľ֮ĳΪ֪ԳΪ˵ֶܾΪһ˵ȴǾ֮
ӳҲʲô̫ԣĵطṩԴҲδػῴϣӦܹõõŶԣ
ƷֺĻʱЩ֣ӹ˽У˽һȴһöԼĪȭͷСȴƵı˳Ʒǰ
Ʒ̾͸֪ˣ̺֮ǿ·һʲôӡסˣûгкһ
ǣб飿ƷʱǰһȻƲǳƷǵһʱͷӦ˹Ǵб顣
˼ϵǸһ޶Ǵб飬ֻ˼ǸȻûַǴб鱾ȱġ
бѾƲҪǱӡסеֻ̺ĹҲɢˡ

ֺ˵ͷȷʵһöб飬ʵǼҲһͨĸ֣λһּֽҴӳǳλϣ
ĶбȻƣҲΪˣҲҪķȫգͨ˵ҲǼΪõģֺּ˵о֮ĳҲΪֻܽһöб
ֺҲּۣһ˵Ǿ͸ʲôˡ
ʵϣһöбѾǵܶˣһֱûãԭǣǸ֮Ҳû˿ͨӡƲ˵մб֮еˡ
Ȼˣǻ͸Ʒó飬Ͼб˵ûãڳƷ˵ȴһˡ
ƷƬֱ̣˵ȻˣҲͲˣ
ĶԳƷΪ˵ȷʵú⣬⴫б鲻ܹͬʵʵڶʱڼʵ
Ŀǰ˵ΪҪ飡
ĶǸƣ
Ѿͨ۷壬ٽһͨأǶһ֮ң
һҪȥΪѣȻڲͬˣ˴б飬һѶӭж⡣
Ŵ˵õ˴б飬һҹǣΪĴڡ
ҲóбѾ𣬹ɢȫӡֻһ򿪷ӡͻ᲻ϵʧ
Բ˼еĴбһԲظãһԵĶ
ڵĳƷ˵Ҳѩ̿ΪҪ
Ϊرҿ԰ͨ
ƷƬֱ̣˵
ʲôֺԣһӣȻʱ


1001 Ҳͻˣչ
ֺޱȼҪ֪ͨһϣԴ֮ͨѾܾûٿͨˡ
ͨҲһ⣬ûһĴУûа취деźһԴԴϵк˿ͨ
ڣȻлͨһͨӳ˵ζʲôӹɣͨʵҲ˱ˣһҪϥջ˰־
˵ŵʲôҪĸҪһЩ
Ʒ˵ͷֺܹļδͨʱҲޱȿгһܹͨһȫµ
һöб˵һöͨԪļֵҲͲʲôˣ˵ͨԪ٣Ǵбȴ޴Ѱ
ͷһֵҩΪͨԪ۷Ϊ˵߳ɵĸܹͻƵͨ
ֺӼ֮лعһ£Ȼ˵뽫ͷĵҩתô
ת˭Ʒʵ
ҵĶӣֺʣֱֺԲ˵
Ʒֺᶨӣֺͨ˵ջ󲻿ν󣬵ȴԸ⽫øӣǸĸ
ΪʲôֳأԭҲܺò£˶ֳ֪ĵӣܻԼĵӳԿô
Բܣ
ԼĸĸҲˣԣԼΪԼȫɣ
뵽Ʒ΢΢һЦͷ˵û⣬͸㣬תø˭Լ飡
лл
ֺм˵
л˵һöбļֵԶԶһöͨԪ
ƷЦЦ˵
¸ĸģɣһöͨԪԼðɣҿΪһöҪҪҩľҪӳǷԼȥѼˣһζҩͨ޵ڵͨΪŻа취İɣ
ƷֺĻжԸһöҩҩҪӳȥѼڵΪһöͨԪʲô¡
ô̫ˣл
ֺ弤Ĳѣû뵽Ȼӵ⾪ϲ
ֺֺ֪ʵ֮óƷ뵽ԼĸĸŴ˳Ʒ
Ŷˣ֮Ǹļǳػ־ٰһд轻ᣬԵĻֺЩΪѵĿųƷ˵
ҳ֣˵˵ʲôƷ
ֺŽ渵ԭ︽һһ˵Ǹǳص󲿷õʯпɵġ
ͬʱҲ⼸ǳҪĲƸԴ꼸ǳΪһѷ֣㱻һ
֮󣬼ǳضЭ飬һһ˹һ˿ɣǰһ֡
λ֣ǿٰһεд轻ᣬ˭ʵǿ˭ȻܹһЩʵľͻֵȽ١
ʯֱӹϵߵУһηֵıȽ٣ôһȻͻֵԽ٣͸һѭ
γǿߺǿߺһ档
꣬ӳǷĴһֱǷɻڵĸ֣ڷɻΪƷӶնɱͨĸ֣һҹ֮串Ѿ޷Ϊӳṩӻ
ҲֺΪʲôôҲҪĸԭûͨĸӳǸͲлȨ󱻰ĿҲǺܸߵġ
ΪǰҲȷʵƵ飬ֺʮֵǡ
ԭˣ
Ʒ˵ͷ˵
ģҪô֣ǰ涼ֵĽսվͨĽ֣µʱ䣬˳ͨԪӦҲܹͨʱֻҪ鷳󼴿ɣ
ֺæ˵ûһ뷨ֻҪסеķݶɣ£Ծһ˿ӦƷֻԷһһնѡ
ȻˣҵʱȥɣƷһ£δֻܾѡ
ʥأȻҪʥи̵˽⡣
֮ʵӦøһ˰ɣǸʱ򣬼ʥӦҲûĶ֣д轻ϵңҲʲô
лֺæ˵ֻо̫ˡ
ƷбɽͼĿռ֮󣬴óһҩƿҩƿ֮зŵľһöͨԪ
ͨԪƷҪһطչأãҲʱøһˣ


1002 ͻƣͨ
û⣬˰ȥԲκ˴ų
ֺæ˵ջ̫ˣҲҪʱúһջ
ֺʺֳ˴Ӹ֪ͨԪ飬Ҳޱȵ𺳡
Ϊʥ֮УȻ̸ͨҪͨȻʮѡ
ڳƷṩͨԪȻܹ߳ɵĳ̶ȣʮ־ġ
ȻǲóƷںǿЦΪûбҪ
Ҳʸ񱻳ƷЦǾһԣƷȻ
ֺ忴ֳأĳ˵ذһҪעˣԺԳҪӹһЩܹó֮ͨУҲǸ֮еĸ֣ܹ£ĸǧҪˣСӣô
ʲôʱˣСˣֳصͷ˵Խ˽ƷԽԽǸоԼһӵ˶һֻˡ
ֺҲĽ۹⿴ãһʦжôҪֺһˣƷֳܰͨƷͽܣδǿ˵ٷְܹͨ
ǶĽĽĻ
ֺҲܸп֮ǰЩԥǲҪڳƷһս֮ϣڣѾˣԥͺڡ
ΪһڿͨϣҲվڳƷߣ󶼿ͨǿּʷΪԻ͵һˡ
ʣ飬ͽȫȨˣҪȫϳκ˴⣬ҲҪѼҩ嵥ϵҩģǹϵδԼܲܿͨҪҲҶ˵ֺ˵ҲҪȫչأºҪȫӳ֮еķݶǲ㹻ԴУ
ֺһ˵ѾˣܿͨѾǼΪѵˣδչǰȻҲܴܺ󣬸ܺһ˫Ůȡ
ּδϣҲһ˫Ůϡ
ףȫҰɣֺһᶨ˵κƻͨΨһĻԵ
ͷһ֦ƷּҰźõıչ֮С
һ伫ıչңƽʱҲֻгֺʹãΧ˺ܶ󷨺ͽ硣
Ʒȥֲ֮󷨺ͽ磬ֻǾõġ
ΪչصĵطɽͼĿռ֮С
ɽͼĿռ֮УƷڰ֮УȫǰڣһĴб顣
Ʒһתʼһһֻĵ˴б֮£ʱڴбϵĽֱ˿ʱĹޱߵ˷翪
Ʒſ죬ʱγһǿЩ翪ȫһһ㣬ӿ˳Ʒ֮С
䣡
ƷʱܹоһӴ֮ȫը˿
һҪӴ̫ˡ
˵ΪԭϣֱãʿҪã͵תΪԼӹԽӹĳ̶ҲԽӳҲԽǾˡ
⴫б֮еǾμӹƷʱؼ˵Ҫ̫ˡ
ҲΪʲô˴б鹦еˣڶʱһ޴
ΪЩΪķʱһ̣ոһյĴĥܽĥľڲӣ˴̣ǱеˣȻǵļ졣
վԼĥĹĻӰķչЩһҹշˣ˹ĹûȫҲȫʧȥ˸һĿԡ
ھĹԼĥģվǲӵģԼġ
һҪһɹҪķѺܳʱ䣬ʱƷʼսǿʺͻʼҲȫ˳
ƷһɵٶһɹٶֱӴﵽѰʮ֮졣
һ㹦תĹ˿ҡ
ֻһɹ̫ˣǷӵԳƷҲ˲顣
ʱҲųƷһһ㲻ϵһɹȫһ߳ͨصľжȹ
һµʱ䣬գۼţɽͼռ֮УƷȻһ۾һɿֲϢ֮ͷ˳
ȫԽ֮ǰͨ۷ļޣ
һɹ񳱣
ڣͨأ
Ʒ۾³һȻһڰ׽ɢ


1003 ͨ۷
֮ͨ󣬳ƷĹһͻͽĽչ֮ǰȣѾһȫµľ硣
һεͻƣһµʱ䣬־缶ͻ֮Уʱ伸Ϳ˵Ƿǳ˳ͻˡ
һӶһ֮У˲á
ʱŷִбãб̺֮Ӵɢÿһϸ֮ȥǿһʱ޷ȫҲԴУ
ΪⲢδĥѾǧٴδĥĴȻͱĹδȫϣȴǲġ
ֻгƷ־۷ĲŻ⡣
̳˵ʼĳƷ۽֮ߣȻӹɣⶼǸݽ겣һʱ뷨
һЧԶˣ
ˣб֮УӴĹڲϵĻ
Ʒһ㣬ʱ䣬ɴҲͲˣۣʼͻ
ʱӳǳ֮Уֺıչ֮⣬ֺʺֳǻǰϽⲽ
ô˶ûг׵ǳɹûУʱֺʶʱ˵
׿϶ɹģ
ֳؼᶨ˵ȴǳƷӰʦȻ˵߳ɵİգǾӦûʲô⡣
ţ
ֺʵ˵ͷֻЩѣһּͨ˵жôҪ壬ֻԼΪ
ڣҪ˼صʱˣһгɰܾʹһ٣⻹ϵԼܹܲͨ
أؼͻȻʼҵĶǱһεеһڱչ֮ϷȻֱγһ޴ĻǣҪĴС
׳ˣˣ
ֺʽʧ̬˵ɲȻͻƵͨҲ֪ͨͻʱһЩ
ͷǣ˼һ㣬ͨͻʱľ
֮ǺʣǸͻˡ
Ÿ׵ͻƣּҵͳελȫȹÿһǵĳͨġ
Ƕ˵Ҳһ㡣
ֳҲޱȼϵĻǣ˷ܲѡ
һСʱʱ䣬ϵĻǲɢȥţֺƿסͻƵֻͨǺ֮ǰĶȣּ˸ûоκμ尾ֻʱһգ۾Ѿȥˡ

һ󿪻Цֺ建˳һֱغĶŮֺ¶˼ο顣
ףȫͻ˰ɣ
ֺʷ·޷ȫܣҪٶѯһ
ͻƵͨ
ֺοĵ˵ͷ
ּ֮ͻƣܿҲֵǵģҲǶԵˣ
̫ˣ
ֳ˷ܵĴһϸزס˷ܡ
ǰһУҪ鹦ڳ̫ˣֺп˵ȻƷԼܵĺô࣬ΪڶʱڸһʲôżҪҪ
ֺȴãƷûдб飬ҲֻǵһЩʱͻƶѣûһöͨԪǼ˵һĲࡣ
û۷弸ʮĳƷ޷ָм
ոͻƣԭм֮ҽԿȥõĸо漴͸ܵ˸ڳƷϢȻǺֻԼԼĸоһЩչ֮еҲܹоָоֱ󺣣ɲ⡣
֮ǰ쾳ʱ򣬸޷ܳƷж£һϸҪθܴ󺣵Ŀ벨׳
ͲһĴڡ
ڣľͻƵͨʵ˷츲صı仯֮󣬲ûиоԼͳƷľ类ˣ෴ģоԼͳƷĲԽԽˡ
ͬͨɸоСĺϣֻҪƷԸ⣬һƻܹ
ֲܿϨָոͻƵʱ·ܹƿµĴ
ˣʣ֮ǰѼЩҩ㶼Ѽôֺ
ѾˣһöͨڵҾΪˣ
ֺʵûͨƾŸ߿ƼֻҪϸ㹻Ĵۣɿɱһͷͨޡ
ʥ֮Уͬĸָκβͨޡ
ţ
ֺ岻֣ⱾԤ֮С
ȫ׼Ѱͨ޵ټҪԳ֣
ǣףֺ˷ܵ˵
ӳ¶Ѱͨ޵ʱ򣬳ƷĹҲһһεӡ
һգۣµʱҴҶ
µʱ䣬óƷһͨ۷壬ΪǣǴб֮еĹȫմ
أڴʱһɿֲѹһ޴ԶֱӳǶ


1004 һ
Ʒüͷһ壬ʱԭɢĹɵֵһȫɽ֮С
ƿأѾﵽһֵǷ켫ĵز
ȫǴб֮еĹƷʵٽһֱӴ֮ǰͨ۷һ·ͻƵͨ۷塣
⻹ΪƷĻʼսͻҪĹԶѰˣһͨͻ硣
ǳͨľ磬ͻҲ֡
һʡ˳Ʒüʱ䣡
ԳƷڵʵͨصĸ֣Ա֮󣬽Կȥá
Ҳһ˲䣬Ʒܵ˳⴫һ˵Ϣľǣһ˲ϯӳǡ
ƷֱӴӱչ֮һֱӷӳ֮ϡ
ʱ򣬲ܹõ֮ϣڷڡ
Ʒ˳һԴȥȴڳ⣬һɹϯڰ֮ϣһ۳ƣ޴ĳɫ۾˶ĺһ㣬¶
ͨޣ
Ʒһ۾ͿĳܹŪôĶģֻͨޡ
һͷ޴ͨ޵ǰ棬мӰǱӴܣƷһΪ֮˲Ǳˣӳǵĳֺ塣
ֺ̤ŶݹسӳǵķӴܣԱߣֺʺֳˡ
м쾳߶εĸ֡
ȻЩҲûа취УǿֺǿдŲܷ֮ϡ
ʱһȫǱӴܣһͷ֮е޲ϵĺһֲ
ֺȻҲܹ㿪ģǻвϱеģ弸ģϵѪ
϶м֮ɫû뵽һγţȻܹôֲĴڡ
أʱ򣬴Ǿ޴֮Уֱһֻ޴ޱȵצצɨգݺݳһץ
ֺһкͼ赲һֻצ£ǵزѾûжܹ赲һֻצˣֱӱɢˡ
ӣ
ֺʱҲˣزѾ߾ȫˣȴûκΰ취⡣
Ÿոտͨ˵Ի͵ŸոտʼȻھҪɥڴˡ
ҪɲǼһ˲䣬һ˵Ľڰ֮ɨ
ͣ
âһնһֻצʱһѪ罦һֻ޴צƾֱ䵽˵ϡ
䣡
Ǿ޴ڵҳһӡ
𣡡
ֱеһֻ޴צ֮еһͷ޴쳤Хɢˡ
У¶ıĿһͷͨɫСɽһȻҰһޣֻҰ޳޴ԴȥΪ
һͷҰǰצһĽն
ղžҪɹʱ򣬹һ
ԭ۵ֺ˲ŶȻ֣ԼȻû¡
۾ʱ򣬲ŷ֣ǵǰ֪ʲôʱ򣬶һ۵Ӱ
ʦ
ֳؾϲĺ˵ݣǱˣǳƷ
ʱȷ˵ݣֺˣһֺ壬һ·Ӵܻ󲿷ֵĹ䵽ϡ
˵ѾȫһͻֱӲһͷ޵ˡ
л֮
ֺҲ˲ϵƣæ˵
ô£Ʒʵ
ֺŽ渵ԭǺ֮ǰ˵ͨԪйϵͨԪΪҪһζҩͨ޵ڵ
ڿͨ󲻾ãֺıҪȥɱһͷͨޣòײҵһͷͬͨޡ
ķ˲ʹĴۣɱһͷޣ˭֪Ȼôһͷֲޡ
ĹƣһͷɱͨޣӦǰһͷ޵ĺ
ϾͬһȺֱǰһͷ˫ͷҰҪСϲ٣еĹϵҲƲ⡣
Ҳǳ׽һͷŭˣŻᱻһ·׷ɱ
ԭˣ
ƷҲ֪ǲǸ˵̫ˣȻôһ
ɱһͷٺ˵
Ʒֱӵ
䣬һͷѾ˹ɽһ˼Ϊֲѹܵ
ǿֲϯҪûƬա
ͣ
ǧһ֮ʣƷָһ磬᳤գһӾͺˣһͷҰޡ
أ
һͷҰ޵һԴը˿ʣµǸԴҲڽŶһֻɫĴǰը˿
˲


1005 ̩ǣ
Ȼ׼ǵ˽Լһ׷ɱļ·µŵǿڳƷϲ赭дľ͸¿ˡ
ֺ廹һֲ֪˵ʲôõĸо
ʵ̫Զˡ
֮ǰֻ쾳֮ͨĲ֮𣬶ղ֪֮ͨĲ࣬ҲһĴ
Ʒһͷ޵ʬֱɽͼĿռ֮תͷֺһˡ
лֺ֮¶ֿЦŶʱ䣬Ʒôˡ
޷֮Ͷѣ
Ʒڰ˵
ֺ壬ֺʵ˶֪˵ʲô˵£ǶڳƷ˵ȴֻǾ֮Ͷѡ
ˣ֮ǰɱһͷڵõ˰ɣ͵ұչصĵط˳һˣ
ƷʵȴѾʧ֮ϡ
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ûйãֺʾԴ˽ЩͨԪҩˣڳƷչҵߵȺƷķԸ
̬ȣƷ⣬ͨԪ˵ѡ
ʱ䣬ͨԪѾƳˣɲֻһöͨԪ֮ǰʹ㽫ڵһƳͨԪ
ֻǺ˰֮ûгɹ
óᣬ׽ͨԪƳˡ
ֺͨԪҲֻ˳ֵ飬ƷͨԪֺֺ֮ʻǼ޷Լ
жڳƷм㡣
ڳƷƳͨԪ֮󲻾ãӳǰμշĶҲˡ
һΣֺ֮⣬ֺʣֳҲһһֺûжԼͨǴŴ
ƷҲ֮ϣһ߸·һֳָΪ
ò˵ֳ츳ȷʵ˳ԴټϳƷָ֮󣬶̶µʱ䣬ٽһֱӿء
ΪҪƷó棬ֳִ̫Сܹι̵Ļġ
֮󣬳Ʒһˣһξٰĵ̩ǡ
ӳȣ̩Ҫ󣬸ӷͬʱҲǸǳص̳ÿһε䣬̩ǵһǳذ˳
Ʒһˣ̩֮У̩Ƿ̾˽Ǵ齵Ŀջ
̩֮УΪĿջȴ̩Ƿȫ£дǳصĴ
Ʒոսս֮У̾͸֪˺üǿͨϢȻصĺܺãȻƷ
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ߣ
ֺһֱӽһ˳ȥ
ǼҲǼþգûмŭֺĴ㡣
Ϊһ̽Ѿˣ鱨Ѿˡ
ʱ̩ǵĳӣһ۽Աһݣͨߵı档
žӣǵ̽ӳǳǸֺӦѾͨ
Ǹݵ߻㱨˵ߣȻҲǸղɨ̽ͨĸ֡
ԭѹˣ˵˵
̩е˼ˣȻ֪ˣ˵ݣ̩ǵĳܲɡ
ԭ룬ôܲɵȻ˵Ҫ֪û˷ɻڵı֮ӳǲ̲ѾˣĹϷ֣ǲѰ·ô
ȻѾͨǵʸܲɶ˶٣˵ںͨҲͨһصľ磬ʲôвҲǱסзݶˣ鷳ɽǣɽǳ½ǿɲһǵĽɫ˼߲ŵϢһΣ뵽һΪ˵õĸ֣
޷ҾҶûʲô⣬һƬ֮УҵĶֵĲ࣡
ߵ˵ӵоԵš
ǾͺãѾˣ˭ܶÿףܹȽ룬ʱҿ漸ʱ䣬ϣץʱ䣡ܲɵ
ⲻ˵Э飬յĺôһһ룡
뵽ǸʱҲû뵽һƬ֮оȻܲĵر


1006 Ὺʼ
ͬʱڿջ֮ڵһԺ֮У̩ǷɵɽǵһȴҲΪӳһ˵ĵչۡ
һ֮ڣʮˣһ⣬ȫӵǿϢ֡
Щ֮УΪǿȻλõɽǳһ޳мӡ
ղѾ̽ˣ֮ǰǵ̽ӵõ鱨ֺ࣬ͨɽǳ½۵˵ΪǵϰһΣĶǸܲɣ̩ѾںܶˣһΣҲֵǵɽǶˣ
½˫ս˷֣һƬĳ֮У̩һֱǵһɽǱΡ
˫һֱڲϵıƴӷбƴ
һֱɽǶ̩ѹסһʱҪıˡ
ܲɻΪҲ֪֮зһʱ˶֪̫ˣ
½Ц˵
ܲɻǲ֪ǲܱ˵֪֪ոǳ֮ĬҪյʵյķݶ
һΣҲֵɽǵǶˣ
Ϊӳǵĵ̩֮УҲʼӿ
Ϊӳһˣԭܶ˿ʧȥ˷ɻڵıӻ֮ӳӦòˡ
ûͨĸԼķݶزסҲȡ衣
ȻĻȡݶһЭ̻ƣʵϣջƾʵյķݶ
ûʵ˵ʲôûá
ʥ֮Уʵľֵͨʵ
˭֪ӳǵĴȻˣʱƣӳǳֺͨϢҲǲֶߣʱ֪̫࣬ҪҲûпܡ
ŻȻԭӡ
ܿ죬˵ĿѾӳǵת˿ΪӳǲһдЭ̴Ľ㡣
һֱдЭ̴Ľһֱ̩Ǻɽ֮䣬ûб仯
ﲻϵʱӳһҲ齵Ŀջ
֮󣬳Ʒһֱ뿪˿ջûڿջЭ̴Ҳûпʼ㹻ʱ䡣
ոճ˿ջƷ͸о˸ӣΪǸ˲쾳ΪȻסת֮󣬾Ѿʧȥ˳Ʒټ
ǵ鱨֮УƷͲʲôҪˣҲûʲô⡣
Ҳû֪Ʒȥʲô
ӳǴǰĵڶ죬һεд轻ᣬҲڿʼˡ
һεĽһ޴̨ϽУ˿ţҲ̩һģΪǻÿһζʤߣҲԸķʽʾǿ
˶˸ԵӪгһСķ󣬷׷̨֮ϡ
̨£ŲӿЩƽ߸ϵĴһиԵȲͬ
Щ֮Укܶ඼Ǹǳ֮еľ񣬱Ͼǳط䵽ķݶֱӹϵ˵档
˶ҪԼڵĳǳܹһȻ̩ܺȣܱ֮ǰһͺˡ
ԭܶ˵ϣӳϣΪӳǲ֣ķݶҲͱϷ֣˭֪ǧһ֮ʣӳǵĴǳˡ
ӳǵĳȻˣһΪأһҲûӳǵû뵽ӳǵĴȴͻȻˣ
ȴ˵ΪӳǳѾܹͨסԼķݶ
Լͨɲ
۷׷һͻȻֵӳ֮˵Ŀⶼɽǵ½ۺ̩ǵܲɵϡ
˿ʤȻֳ֮ġ
һΣ֪ܹ뵽ʲôĸ֡
λһЭ̴ᣬ̨ķʽȷδ֮ڣķݶǶ˵Ĺأʲô⣬Ҫ̨֮Ͻ̨κ˶Ҫ̨ϵıȶ䣬ףףͱҲˣʱ̩ǵĳܲ˵
ˣߣȻʸ˵
ҲϿɣһ̨ϵĽ˵Ӯ˾Ӯˣ˾ˣҪԸķ䣡ʱ½ͻȻҲ˵
˵Ŀⶼ˹ȥ˶ף½۲֧ܲɣֻǱͼ
ȻˣһεдԾͿʼɣȭԣţɾû취λϳɣ
˵꣬ܲλ֮ϣһС
ͨĸ֣ĸ֣Ҳ׷
ֺ壬зɻڳǺܲôû˷ɻڣ㻹ҳ֣ǶԼİ


1007 Ұ
һһҲ˵ֱӿˡ
ǳǵĳ
ϳڵӵݣԼĪʮģϵļĹĵģȻҲһΪ֡
ǳǲһֱǵôھȻӳǳ
֮ǰӳзɻڵıӣô˵ҲܹŵΣ˰ɣǳǻϽȡӳǵϾĿǷݶ
ȻˣӳҲѾеӣˣ
˵Ŀⶼǳǳֺ塣
ֱֺվ˵ôҹô
ֺ岻мĿǳǵĳȻӳǵǵ˹ȵףϾͨ
ǳǳȴ۷ľ磬ûпһߣʵǣûпûп˾ǿˣ֮
Ȼǣ
ǳǳֺĿ֮£мŭֺܹ֮е塣
ܿͰϾЭ̽ᣬһҪϳ
һµսܵʱ򣬾޵ʱ򣡡
ǳǳа˵
ţߣһİСӰ͵һԽ̨֮ϣֱֺĶ档
㣡
ֺȴǺܾȣʵϣÿһβμЭ̴ģվҲôЩˣÿǳܹ뵽ˣҲôѣ֡
İСӣҲǳһĴ
İСӣȫ°һ֮УɢһּΪΣյϢ

ֺ˵İС˵֡
˵Ҳ֪ʲôĵرԵɺϿͨҲ˺ľȫǱһֱûʲô
Ҳǳܹ뵽߼ĸˣôǳҲһֱǵˡ
ڣǳڿ˸һϣǾǻֺ壬ֻǸһ㣬ݶҲܹвС
䣡
Ҳ˵ʱֱӳˣɲǼ䣬ؼ޾ĹʼȻһӻһͷ޴ޱȵĹֺɱ˹ȥ
һٶޱȣһ˲䣬̨˿һ˲䣬̨ѾغõĽҲˡ
ֺķӦٶҲ죬δͻƵʱ򣬻оǿ޷ǿȻ֮󣬲Ż֣ᷢһҲûôԵֿ
أ
ֺսһ𣬶̨֮£˿ޱȹ񫣬ֻо̨ڲҪûнĻֻǶҪˡ
һûеֺ֣弸̾ٶչ˹ٶȿ쵽˼£ͨ˼㽫ȫ˫ϣǶ̬Ҳ溽
ֻܹһһ޴ײ˫ѾսһƬá
˶ʮ־ȣҪ֪ѾܶˣȻΪһֱû̫Ľչô˵ҲƵƵͨ
ֺ˵ӦǸոտͨûкܳʱ䣬Ȼܺ͹սĲ¡
ôǳǳɫˣ֮ǰʤȯգȻֺȷʵǸոտͨǹƺҲò˶١
ܶҲΪֺͻȻչֵʵ𾪣ԼҲֻ½ۺܲ˲ϣҲֻб˴˲ǾУ˸ʲô
ֺҲԽսԽǿһѾȫڻͨˣȻǼҺܶ궼û˿ͨϱϾǳͨĸֵġ
֮лͨ似ֻûܹʸжѣµʱֺ֮Щ似ʵǣҪ
ҪӮˣ̫ˣ
ֳؼײ·磬һֱŵģҲ
ţ
ֺҲ˵ͷȻǵһμͨĸֽ֣һȴͬһס
أ
һ˲䣬˻ֺͻȻըʵʱͻȻһӣֺһк˹ؿڡ
ֱӱ˳ȥݺײ̨ϵĽϣһѪ˲Ұܡ
ֺķ˼Ĺվǻ˹һٵ춨ĵλ
̨𾪣Ȼ̨ϵЩͨĸȴһһ򶨣ϾǶĽ̫ң۸۸쾳Ҳˣͬĸ֣ǳͨĴڣҲδǶ֡
ǳôһֱǵףҲûԭġ

ǳǳһȴ˵ڣԸֺ壬ʰǴ´ġ
ƵĻҲÿһζŹ̨ˣ޷Ϊȡֻܱ֤ǳǲڱֶ̭ѡ
뵽ޱȵı걾Ϊлᣬ˭ֺ֪ȴͻ𣬴еĻ롣


1008 ˫Ƕţ
ǳǳһΰˣ㻹ǹԹԵװɣ
ֺ˵Ͼǳǳѡʱ˫Ѿ˺ˡ
Լˣôǳǳ˵Ļֻ»
˹ǳǳս֮ƶֺ˵ҲûбĸãΪ˵Уһֱ׵ǳ֮⣬ӳġ
ǳǷݶٵģҲûа취κηݶֺȴͬˣӳԭεĻܹȡøߵķݶ
һѡսֺ壬ֺΪҲֻǳͨЩսˣһͨͬڹ˲ӵģʵȻֺ֮ϡ
ֻһֺԷƽ֣Ǹǳص֮£˶ԷҲܻøķݶ
ʵȴӳǣȻġ
Щִֺһ֪ҪǿϺܹܶ࣬Ը˵ġ
ֱ䣬ֱ䣬ڲϵµܿѾ˵ǰ
ز֮ҲûսֺˣΪҲûҪˣ˷ʱ䣬˷Ѿ
˺ֺгԹҪУֺһֵӣֱ䡣
ڹĴڣҲΣ
ϾƶģĿŵƻ
ǳǳݺݵĿֺ壬ֺͬд졣
Ψֺ忴̨ϲսĸ֣ɫ࣬Щ˰ӣˣһֻ߿ˣµݶҲڲϼ٣ʧȥ棬оͷڵѪ
ٷŭûκôҲߡ
ʲôʱֺǿеŭԱߵŮֳ˵
Ҳ֪ʦҲû˵ȥֻ˵ȥ䣡
ֳҲ¶˼ֿЦʱ򣬿˵ΪؼʱƫƫʦȴûӰˡ
ʣȥѰҳעⲻҪˣֺԸ˵
ף
ֺæת̨
ֺԭĹƻֹ̫ˣΪƾԼʵҪסеķݶѣ˭֪Ͳӡ
ʵǸոտܹͨѣˣǾͲԶˡ
ԭֻóƷѹ󣬵ڿ»ҪƷˣ뵽ƷħһӰʱϣЩ˵ʵȷʵǿǺͳƷ̫Զˡ
ʲô죬ʲôͨۿƷһֲֿƣ̵̫ӡˡ
ţֻҪƷ֣һܹȫŤתһεơ
ԭ̫ͷû˷ɻڵıӻ֮ӳǿ˵ǰδе˥ڣƷֲһֱӳǡ
ֻҪסԼķݶɣһеΪһ˵
Щһӣ·һһλ
ǾͱҲˣǵŰɣ
ȳǶڵģ
ʱûע⵽ֺ飬׷׶Ŀ⿴̨֮ϡ
ͨĸַϳֱЩ̨µĹڿޱȵĹ񫣬Ϊÿһ˶ܹͨĸֵֽġ
ڣĸַ֮ҲһЭ̴ͷϷʤ̩Ǻɽ֮档
̩ǳߣһݵ߾ֱҲôˣҲʱɹͷˣ
ߵĳ̨֣Ϊ֮һͣһЩĸ֣ǳ֣Ϊ߾̩һֱλеһĴ֣
ڸĳǳ֮У˵˲֪˲
û˸ҳ棬¶˼Цݣպգսġ
Ѿû˸սȨˣǵλúҪλ̩ǵһѾ˹ˡ
Ȼû˳սǾͰǰĹһξ̩ժõһˣչأ̩Ǵܣܲǰ˵
һ£
أʱɽǳ½ۿˡ
˵ĺΪ֮һͣ˶֪ײҪʼˡ
ô½ôܲɿ˵
̩ܳƹΪ̩ǿģһû飬һˣȻҪʵҾɽǣҲӦʸƹ½ֱӿ˵
ܲĿ⣬½ͬǷֺá


1009 ϲƷ֣
½Ŀܲɣ˵ҾãɽҲͬʸƹҲǷǵ̩ǲɣأܳ
½ͱˣ˶һΣɽǿ϶б׾ˡ
ޣ½ۣ˵ô½ҽֲɣ
ϴżֲмĿ½ۣȻǺܿ½ۡ
ȻҲ֪½ҲͨǺʵȣûпɱԵġ
̩ӮôΣȻѰͨȾܹȵϵġ
½۵˵ǰʵôǿȻǱȲϵģȻȲϣȴҪǰдд裡
ʲôˣǾͳɣ
۾ɨһȦˣƺɻ˭վϾʵû¡
ң
һһӰ
һ׷ͯյߣȻͺܴˣϾȻûһǰƣһֹʢ
Ȼ㣡
һӾϳˣߵݡ
߸ոճ־Ѿ˼ѹֲֿѹ˲ʹӽŵװֱš
㻹ϵң
߿Цһ˵
ôˣǰ˭ʱ̩ǳܲҲʶ˲ã߸ոճ֣ԼķԴһɫ䣬ȻһС
ǴϲΣ
Ļʱڳȫһ˵ε֣ܶ˶֪ǴϲͷȴѾˡ
ϲȻǺʣȴһԿ֮ǰɻڵĳš
һǰķɻҲ׽뵽ߵ֮УΪҲҪ˼˵Ŀ
ڷɻѾˣȻסɵ죬οǵһǿ²һ
ܲҲǵһǰܾ÷ɻڰۣڲŷ֣ûзɻڵţֻºܶŶҪˡ
Ҳ֪ϲڵǳصĳɫǺܺÿΪǶ뵽ˣԺŽЩùӳԡ
Ψɽǳ½¶˼Ц
Ͷ̩һҶľ治ˣڣҲʱøıһеʱˡ
Ȼ֪ҵݣ㻹ҳҶôĿ֮ǰ̬߰Ҳй֮޲ġ
ͬһɢޣȻеزʮ˲ãɢվֻɢޣܺᲢۡ
Ȼʵǿ󣬵ǲսˣҵķ񣡡
˵
֪̩Ѿ̫ˣ̫ĺôʱҪƨˣôܡ
ҲΥصģʱʥ֮󣬶û㡣
ʱжìܣȻǿ˳ͻȻðĴϲȻҲһƲ硣

Цһ˵
ףѾزˣôǰҪֺ֣СʵʱҲˣ֮Ĳֻ࣬ǲС
ֻ²ɫôѿ
ΪЩ飬òµͷУΪ̩ǹô꣬ǰٹôʱƨɾߣȻˣԺʥضû֮أ
ֺ忪ʼ˵
ǰѾεĶˣֺЩ⡣
ֺ忴Ŷӣ΢Щ̾һӻ̫ˡ
ΪñƳǱͨˣأͻȻ˵һӰ֪ʲôʱѾǵˡ
ֺһ漴̾ϲΪȴǱˣǳƷ
֮ǰһֱĵڳƷˣ뵽Ʒʵڰˡ
ҲֺʶʣڳƷʱϢڴﵽһ֮󣬾Ȼٶͻƣﵽһ硣
һɿֲޱȵϢѹȫ
һȫҵء
ͨأ
ƷɨһۣͿʵȫ˳ϱƳȫǱ֮󣬾Ȼֱӿͨء
ѹܹѹȫôˣڳĸ֣ձ鶼ֻͨأһͨأǿˣʵԶ
Ȼʵȫ黹ûκα仯ֱ˵ȳ֣ûκγֵĻᣡ
ɫҲÿȫ˱ˡ
һȫ˿ֱ̧һȭκȥ
𣡡
ȭۣһ˺գֱӺΡ


1010 Ǽɱ
һɵĳֱӱ˺˵Ĺâֱӳκ˹ȥ
һȭɱ죬̺Ŀֲ·ܹض˺ѿһ㡣
ȻͬϣѪȴ˿
ֻһȭһ˲ͽθûˡ

εҲֻĸ֣һ䵽ϵһ˲䣬εξȻԳһ㣬ֱӷ˶ϣ˫˲仯צӣһ˲ͽһ˺˿
ǿֲȭܶκ⡣
ôܣ˼˵ͬʱмֲģȻ֪εʵܻ֮ϣԼȫһ޷κεΡ
ĻҪ
ʲôܣΪֻǲһôЦһ˫ֱȫѪһ˲֮𵴡
˲Ѿﵽĳ̶ȣȻԽֱӳͨء
ͨضļޣͻ֮ͻƽ뵽ͨصľ硣
Ȼֻǳͨصľ磬ȴҲ㹻ѹʱˡ
ʵ̫ˣ
ξȻͨصΪʱֺֻȫսȻͬͨĸ֣ͨһغ֮ͨĲֱ࣬һġ
˵Ҫɱֻһָͷ顣
˳ƷһȻ飬Ȼû̫ϣ֪ΪʲôƾյľͰ˺ܶࡣ
ΪǲǶ֣ȴƷҲС
ͨأܣȻȷɻǿ
ȫţͨأʥѾ˲õĸˣÿһǼΪǿĸ֣һ档
ҲǸոͻƣһƬ֮ڣ޵еģȻңѰ·ε˵ͷղҸᣬûϧ
λ䣬ȫķҲָͬȭȻһȭ˳ȥ
䣡
һȭȭը缲һ㱬ѿ
ҧ֪ʱκεãһ̤ڵϣסΣȻһ˲䣬ͺʮȭֱӺһȭ
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һһĺ˾ֻˣʮȭȭƼΪˣȻȴǱһ˲ɢˡ
޷סһȭͨصʵֱƳȫǱҲֻͨ۷ܱȵġ

һȭķһ˲ͱˣȻһҽУͱ˳ȥ
أ
ݺݵ䵽˵ϣһѪһȫͷˣ֮󣬼ֱԲˣ̫Զˡ
̩ǳܲҲˣҲ޻˵ˣϾҲóѾ߾ȫȴ赲סΡ
ҪҲԼʵҪȺۣȻص֮еص㡣
ͨأʵ˭ܵ˭ܵУ
֮෴ľɽǵĳ½ۣ¶˼־飬ѼĴۣ˴ϲڵΣڿһжֵõġ
˵ˣҲ̫ˣޱ˵˵ʲôֵø˵顣
˵ոͻƣ㻹δͻƣ˵ҲǾ֮͡
½ѾҪȲɽǽǽƿˡ
ȻȤܿת˹Ȼתӳһˡ
ӳǳֺ壿
ôĵӣȻɱҴϲڵĵӣ˭ĵӣĿֺ˵
֪֮ϲڵӱɱ飬ֱǲԭ£ﲻˡ
˴ʱֺ֪Ȼɱϲڵĵӣ֮ǰûʲôĻôڣϲڳչֳ˾˵ʵӳ˵ֱ֮֡
ӳһˣʱоһޱߵѹѹ
Ǹֻʣȴһȫ߱ĸо
Ȼʳ֮󣬻ֺشٶȳˣȻûҪѯʳ˼ֻҪֺ֪ɱǴϲڵĵӣǾ͹ˡ
һֻ޴֣ƾղȻֺӳһ
ֺ˾ȻҲܶ㣬ĵĿ־壬޷
ۿţһֻ֣ҪӳһʱһֻƾղȻŴնȥ
ͣ
һֱֻӾͱն˿ƾը˿
ʲôˣζʱɫһ䣬˵
ң
ڴʱƷڳ֣粽˶Ӳסˣ޷ֵʱ򣬳Ʒ˵ǰ
ǼǱɱģ
ƷȻ˵



1011 ȭɱ
εʱŭĿ֮гɱ⡣
˵Ŀⶼ˳Ʒεʵӹɣѹô꣬˲ս˼ģôһоͰε£ʵ˵ʵֱǿĿ£Ƕ˲ֿ˼
ȻƷôֵվˡ
˾Ǻηʥ
˵̫̫ˣԭΪӵһȻֳһǿֲѹȻܶɫװ˿Ӱ졣
Ʒε֮г񣬵ܴϸо˵Թһ㵽ǲɲ˶Ůˣܵĵز
֮΢΢Щ⣬û뵽ƷȻܹȷʵûһĹһ·ȷʵɲŮӵԪܹߵһ
һǿݣزȻŮӲΪʯġ
ƷĻ˶˴ϲڵŮΪ¯ճײɲɡ
ߣ
һƾ㣬Ҳԣҿǲ
ְɣ˵ûᣡ
Ʒ˵
ãããһûһҪŵģͷһ
ŭգƷ֮еͲм׽ˣʱŭա
ԺҲûлˣƷ˵
ˣȫڷ⣬ŤգγһɼΪֲϢ죬ͬһ㣬翪
ָȭȫķ䵽һȭ֮УֱӺɨ֣֮ǰԸʱ򣬻֡
ƷѾ׽ŭˣŭ֮£ƷκδĿԡ
˲εķ˿ƮɣΪ¡
ֻоˣضƿصĸо
䣡
ȭڣըѿųƷ˹
˽žͷ֣һɸµӳƷ֮зӿκһȭĿֲ񳱾Ȼڰ֮бסˡ
ָоʮͻأģҲ˶벻ġ
һ˲䣬ͺʱסһ
ȻڳģûһͨˣȻʱסˣһȭƷסˡ
ƷϿֲϢڲϵͷųһͷѹ˺ܶޣҪդһĸо
ã
Ҳ˲͸оһּΣյֱӴͷһ˵ٶɢȥ
Ҫջǲŷ֣ȭ˰֮Уȭͷ̶סˣһֻһ˲ʱ䣬Ƕּĸֽ˵ȴѾˡ
æһȫ˿һ˲ĪĽ֮
ǳƷĹҲˣȴƷָȭȻֻǼ򵥵һȭ
䣡
ƽըһĿֲһը˿һȭֱضŻζ
ȭݻһɫޣŭһһȭ䵽εϡ
ˣͼһȭǸûа취ȫȫסˡ
ʱ֮ܵǰĸо֮ǰѹģڳƷѹ
ܣ
ˣܣѹҲžȻһֲƥе֮ƣҪ֪ƷľԱҪĶˣҲͨصΪ
ǳƷĻ̶ȣȴͨصĳ̶ȣԶԶ̶ȡ
ȻԸ⻹ǲԸ⣬ʱѾݲ˿ˣһȭѾƵĸǰ
䣡
ҲͬһȭͳƷİȭԺ䣬ͼֵзһ˲䱻ɢ
䣡
Ĺ֮󣬳ƷȭȥƲֱӺ
ֻǿн
̫ǿˣ
˲ɥʧսزλֱܷеʤΡ
ӳʹδֲֿĴڣԴ֮ͨ󣬾͸ûо޷ԿĴڡ
ε뷨ûܹóѣΪƷٶȱ죬˸֮䣬ȻѾ嵽ĸǰסܵ·ߡ
ҪұƵزҸƴˣ
ʱҲѾƵ˼ޣֱתһطȫķȫֱӻһֲĹһֲĹֱӽƷˣҪɱ
Ʒ˿޾壬һζ֮䣬Ȼһֻھ֮ϵĽȭݻȭ⡣
һ˲䣬ֱӺ˲ͺɢеĹơ
أ
ƷһȭֱӿΣһҽУķѣ


1012 һ
һļž
类ס˲һ㣬˶оҪϢˡ
˶ɵˣӶİָ⣬߸˵ϡ
˶ΪȻɽǺ̩ǻһô̩ǻʤҲһֱĴͳ
Ȼεĳ֣ȴȫͳһƬ֮ڣԳ۵ȴ׵Ļˡ
ӵͨΪ޵еȴװ˳Ʒϡ
һоǱħһ˸ĿϾӡ
ɽǳ½ۣķôĴۣΣξô򵥵ıƷɱˡ
Ѫ֮˵䣬ʵ̫ˡ
һͬо̫ľ̩ǳܲɣԭΪԼʤȯգ˭֪ȻôͲҰˡ
ʤҲ϶ͷɽǣ֮ǰѹûϵӳǡ
Ŀס˳ƷҪ˵ӰȫӡôֲĴڣֻҪһƾܹɱһԺô졣
ڳ˶ֻһͷӽӳ֮ƣ޿赲
ֲֿĴڣʥ֮жԿɣΪһ漶ĴڣʥҲܹŵǰеĳˡ
ȻǾùǣּĸ֣˵ζĬĬţڶʲôˣֲҸɽ궼Եˡ
õĸԴ˲ܹӵ˵ȫڼ¼ϵǿߣܴڡ
Ǵһģ
ǲ֪ǣԺֻ֮΢ιһµͷࡣ
ûмǴĻչһӦӳʤ˰ɣ
ƷĻ˻ȻŷӦ˹ƷɱΣǻһЭ̴ʤչӳӦҲǻ˹ھӵķݶ
룬Ӧûɣ
ƷȻ˵ȻѾزˣҲΪӳվ̨Ҳһ仰顣
˶ƷסȻʲôæʾû̩ǳܲɺɽǳ½۶ɵæʾû
Ȼ£ǼһҲܱȳƷǿֻƷɱΣͿ֪ˡ
ӳһ϶¶ޱ˷ܵ飬֮ǰûȻôľϲ
ֺҲҪסӦеķݶҲˣûȻܹ̩Ǻɽǣնȡķݶ
ֱͻȻһڱ
ӳͻ𣬶ȡݶϢҲһ˵ٶȳ˷ɢ˿
ϢһסˣΪûһĵΪһλ̩Ƕȡһ
⣬ǸҲɽǣȻ֮ˣȴӳǣȫ˵Ԥ֮⡣
˵ĿⶼӳǳϣǸͻӳǹϡ
֮ǰû˵ʲôͷͻ֮˶ʼ飬Ȼһ
һ˲ʯͷðһ֮ǰûκ֪ʲôطġ
ȫʲôֻ֪֪г
ΪҲû˸ȥȥѯʣӳǷ棬Ҳʲô
Ψһܹ鵽ľ֮ǰ·ߣȻӳǳŮֳظˡ
ȻͶһɽΰæӳǵ⡣
̽鵽ֻ֮һϵ˰ɣ˸һĽʺ޵ĸоôֳصôãһˣܹһֻ
һ˵ͽܣ
ǲ֪˶ԴųƷֳֵģΪˣԳƷҲܸжŻֳء
ˣƷְӳǣҲôϾ˵ӳǣᰡǣɽǶȡݶ˵ûκô
Ȼ鲻ƷĸţֱͻȻһȻڳƷĸִԣȴһһ
йڳƷӳǳֺ۷ͻƵͨ飬˿Ľ۾ˡ
һͨȫһˣֺ岻ΪֳؼһֻβĽġ
ڸִϵʱĽҲɵĽУ֮󣬵ӳȫӹ֮һϢҲ˳ƷĶС
֮صĶҪƷǰ


1013 ĻԵ
Ʒ뿪ӳ֮ʣӳǷȴϢ˲õĶҪƷǰ
ƷȻӦӳվ̨Ҳ㳤ӳͣ
ȻʥأȻҪһ̽ʥصʵΡ
ֳֺǰóƷò
ƷҲûжԥֱӸֳķȥ
һƬ£ᶫٹһֱǸгǳԴԴ
ʱڴѾ׽ϣӳ˸֣ǳ˶ֻҲһֱĹ
Ʒֳشڿſڵȴֺæǧ
⵽ô£Ʒʵ
֪ˣֺһΪѵӣΪһʱҲ˵
Ʒֺʽ˿֮УѾʱ䣬ϵؿӹ̣ԵʮֵĿ㣬Ϊ߳µѾγһС͵ĳ
Ʒһ·˿󶴵δƷһ޴ޱȵ
󶴶΢΢·ʲô˲õĶԶ
ѹֺʺֳ˶ʼ
ڳƷʱֳһ˿ѹ
Ʒܿͼֺ壬ʱֺҲмƣûǰȫʤʱ˷ܡ
ˣ
ֺ˳Ʒһ·һһ㡣
⵽ô£Ʒʵ
ֺæ˵Ƿ˲õĶȻ飡ǰҲֻڹഫĵ伮֮пҲǼȷ֮󣬲Ÿȷȷʵ飡
Ȼ飿ƷʱǰһֺֻǴӹϵ伮֮пļأʵǺǳƷȴͬǼ̳˵ʵļ䡣
ʲôǿˡ
飬ʲôĶµȾתΪؾ飬Щؾ鲢ͬ壬ΪǱ־֮ЩؾȻ࣬ÿһǼΪ˵õĴڡ
ȻҲǹƽģΪЩؾ鼫Ϊ˵ãؾ鵮ļҲ͵ģ֮γɵǾ͸ǼΪġ
Ϊһ飬Ҳǵ֮еһܹȡ֮Ϊãʱھܹɾһ¡
ܹѹˣڳŴܹѹ˵ĶҲǼΪģԽǿţѹ˵ĶҲԽࡣ
УҲܻӭģһһܹ֮ΪԼãܹѹˣڵĵط֮أöܹ֮γһ츣أΪ˵á
ĻȷʵǼΪ˲õĶ
˵ΪʲôɽͻȻĸ֣ǿ϶Ҳ֪ڵˣֺе߷߲ƽ˵̩Ǿ͸˵ˣǿ϶֪ˣƫƫϢҪռ飬ʵ̫ɶˣ
ֺͨˣΪʲôֻ߹һЭ̴ᣬ̩ǣɽǶôƴˣԭôĺô
ײĿųƷնȡƿȨֻҲû֪滹һ顣
뵽Լͱƭˣֺʱŭɶ
Ҳ࣡
Ʒ˵ͷκˣԸ˷ġ
ȻЭ۴ӿ֮лȡʲôҪָǳأµͷм˻ôء
ȥ
Ʒһ̤Ʈɽ˿ȴʱĿ֮Уһ޴ޱȵĽ磬һС
ɫĽ֮Уһͷ¶ΣһͷޣϸһȻһͨɣͨ͸ޱȣʯ̶һ㡣
һԼĪʮ׳һͷгƷôߣΪˣʱһĿųƷ֮ûƽͣΨ֮⡣
ƷأѾˣȷʵһģȴһδ͵ֻݻĵزû
ǸɲǷֹҲǱĿǣϾؾ鲻ͬѰûĸ塣
ƷЩңһ򣬻Ļô˶ҪһһҲûʲôֱ
ԶԶԽ֮ͨϵĿֲڡ
ȻֻǻδݻȫʵֻҲѾͨ۷塣
һӦҪ˯ΪŻȻڻδγɹͱ˳ѣιһ
ڻǧѵõ˵ֱѪһȻҪѪȷ磬ɱ¾ޱߡ


1014 ǧѷĻ
ԭһлܹ쾳ͨ磬˽ضˡ
κһ˵Ѫ
ڶһ˵Ҳˣؾ鵮ͱκĵҪѵĶࡣ
ÿһлγɵģγɵӰһƬصĵҲֻѰЩ֮Уֻмٵܹ־Ҳ顣
˵ÿһؾĵһ漣һɹǼΪ˵õġ
ɵؾ飬һɹΣһ֮УҲ֮еһǿ֧
ͬģؾĵҲǽأ֮⣬˽١
ȻƷˣͳΪһ˽٣·ϰ
κ鶼Եģ˵Ľѣţòǧ꣬ɻһ
ȻڣǸոջһЩ״ѣ㲻ϳͣԽˣԹԽ죬һųȥȻҪɾѪΨ˲ſƽϢԹ
ڳƷ˵Ҳһ޴ΣΣճ̶ӹɣһȻδֻͣǻһ֣ʵѾͨ۷塣
һųƷҲǶ֣
Ҳһ޴Ļᣬһ͵飬ڳƷˣֻжԶ߶Զҿ
Ȼһδ͵ȴ˳ƷĻᡣ
ڳŴ֮УҲǼΪĻᣬڵʵļ֮УַܹؾƳΪҩֱӰշпܡ
ȻǶҩƷزĴҩҲ㹻ͨһĳѡ
أ
أ
أ
һ˳Ʒɱ˫ֻǸոջΣ־ողڸǱɱɣֻʣɱͷ
ɱпΨһͷ޴βϵײǸ磬ͼײơ
⵽ô°ʱֺҲ
϶ھʱ򣬽һˣḶ́Ʒ˵ؾͻζΪѣ˵ѣԣò׳ɳزȴǸƻڹһֻɱ¾̾ͻγѪȷ磡
ڰƣҲʱˣҲֻʱ⣡
Ʒֻ֪ھʯʱڽӳ˯εлѣֻ̩ƿĹأҲ֪ʲô飬Ẉ̂ǿнһѡ
ôĺȻ˵ֻ²롣
̩ǵʵ˵ӦһŶԣĻк֡

ֺ尵Ϊͨĸ֣Ȼܸ֪һĿ£ˣܳŲһʱ䡣
һ뵽ֳô˾̩ǳܲɣͺ޵ġ
ܲɣ½ۣﶼһģΪһ֮˽ֳô飬һԼȴƨˣҲ֪жͿ̿
ȻҲͬĺһ·ɱ֪ٵˣɱԼĵˡ
ȻһųǾͿ̿ʬɽѪľ档
Ƕõ
ô죬ҪҪǰֺ֮û취ģ̩ǣɽҲûκôΨһİ취Щŵĳ֣һս֮֮⣬
ܹ뵽Ψһ취ˣ
Ȳú
ƷԽԽһ޴ΣͬҲһǧѷĻᡣ
Ʒ
а취ֺԾĿųƷ˵
ţ
ƷᣬԲ
Ͻ˶˳һ󶴣ҷסе·ڣ󷨺ͽҳҪκ˿Ʒ侲Ŀ˵
ˣ
ֺ˵
ҲûʳƷôֻǴֺʺֳ˳ȥΪ֪սǸֵܹģֻҪսನܽ
ֺ֮ڿ֮У֪ѽЩæҲų˳ȥӳǸֱס󶴣ʦʼý󷨣ɽ
ߵĶˣȻЩǳأֻǶ̶ʱ䣬߷飬Ѿ˸ǳء


1015 Ļ٣ʥκ
ÿһǳض֮оʲôȻز󶴶סǾǷӦٳٶۣҲ֪϶ǳˡ
ֻǲʲô飡
ÿǳضǱֻ֣߰ͬѣȻӳǷڵһʱͼϢ
Ȼ֮гһδȫγɹϢǲֶߣڸǳ֮д
һ˵ǻһδȫγɹζʲôǸǸ߲㶼⾿ζʲô
һξ޴ΣܹһǺʣһĻ
˶ˣ֮ǰƿ̩ǿ϶ʲôɽǽͻȻֱҪĿȨֻҲǵ֪ʲô
ǶĬĶˣȻϣ֪
ҲѾûȥԹϢ֪飬ΪϢڶʱھһ˵ٶȳһƬĵط
ڸ˵ǸΪʵûر𶥼ĸ֣ǿŸĬڸ֮±һ̶ȵĶ
֮гһδγɹ˵һ֣֮Ȼʥ֮и˵һξ޴Ļ
δγɹž޴
ڵһʱ䣬һƬ򸽽ĸѾʼж
һʱ䣬Ϣɡ
˿̽ķݣͷŵĳ쵱ն
Ҳ˿ŮڵһṲ̊ѩƳա
᳤ߵ֣סɽǡ
⸽֮еͷ֮⣬ţҵĸֳڸһǳ֮̽Ϣ
ǵĿȻҲֻһǾһ֮е
ЩȻﶯ죬ǸףϢԾ˵ٶȼ⴫ʱܻĸָ࣬ӴһЩϹҲûпܡ
Ψڴ֮ǰͽȡ֣ʱڵиһĿԡ
һ޴ĻԵ˭ץס˭ܹδʱ䡣
ЩȻĳ֣øǸ߲̻̲գϾЩκһܹܶġ
£ǿʼڱѾƽľ֮£ǰӿ
̩ǣ֮еһ֮ڡ
ܲɣ̩ǵĹ̩ϣλȨصĴڣȴߣͷ·ϴһ㡣
ʱ֮ڣΨһһŵˣȴһԼĪʮµĹӡ
һۣϴżŭ飬ô£ϢΪʲôй¶ȥ
ϣ߾ûнϢй¶ȥǴɽǷҲ֪ӳǷҲ֪ģ˵й¶ȥģ
СĿһӣȻ󿪿˵
Ϣ֮ǰҪ࣬Ϊ֮ǰһսܵˣδȬֻ˵ǻָһֶѡ
εʵԶ֮ϣ˼Ǳطվ˵Ѿǹˡ
ӳǵڶûдϢҹϢǸܿôпܵľɽǷ潫й¶ȥˣֱܲӿ˵
Ϣȥ֮̿ʼ˲ˣȻ̽ĽϢԴȫɽǣɽǵĿҲˣҪһ̯ˮӳҲòһ
뵽оŭӿɽǼ£ɽǶ£һĿȨҲͲôˡ
Ҳ˭ϢھֻϢй¶ȥĮ˵һҴҪĶϵκǧҵʧôӦ֪ģ
ϵ䣬ܲɻһµϱĴڡ
ǺųʥصһҵȻȻܹǵģһָͷܽ
ʵϣҲû֪̩ЩܹǳصͷѽΣΪκôȻ֧֡
̩Ҳᷢչô졣
κҵ֧ȻҲûд۵ģ֮ǰκǿнգΪһʧ˭֪ȴɥʧ˶ĿȨ
еļƻҡ
Ҳ¶˼ŭ飬ҪӿжˣȻȵԽԽŷκҲܲסȺǡ
һκ־ڱصã¹ش


1016 ƶ˼
ˣǸʲô·κҴϿʵ
ܲɵ˵ȻǸͻȻðĳʲôѰ֮ȻǸ֮еĸ֡
ͨصζҰ˶Է£ĸ֣κҴϣҲҪˡ
鲻ͻȻϵһ㣬Ǹ̽κϢܲҡҡͷ˵
ʱ䣬Ѿǽ߾ȫȥ̽·ȴûκһǰϢԵϢԴֻ׷鵽ֳؽƷ
ǰҲҲκһϢ
⵹е˼ˣ
κҴζ˵յ˵ǲƾճ֣Ҳϳ
ܲɲƭԼȻǴˡ
Ͼʥأܹɱͨصĸ֣Ҳࡣ
ͬڷëǣһС֮еһ
Ҫô죬ӳǽĿȨôܲСĿһκҴϣ˵
ˣ֮ǰôȻû⣬ϢѾй¶˳ȥôˣԲӱֿƣ϶ϸκҴü˵̣ŮڣᣬҶģӹ飬Ҳãȥ̽̽
κҴϵָͷڷ֮ϣ˼Ƭ˵
ӻ᲻ᱻǽȵǣܲ˵
ʱ˭Ʒˣǿ̣Ůڣ⸽ͬʱߵ֣ȻҲҪˣٵĴ鷳
Ǹһ
޷ߺߣҶԽףǲܹԽõĻˮ㣬ң˭õһÿʵộŮڣʵȻǺȣǲ˵κҴ¶˾Եţһϵ£˭ơ
ԸȥҶҪһʱ֪еϢκҴϵ˵ǸʶߣܱסһĻǾͻˣ
̫֮һˣ㼯κ֮ҪС֣οˡ
ûôżԭҪˮҲãҪҲãҪԼûôõθڡ
ʱѾֳһţ˶û뵽һջôһĲ
Ǹĸߵפ鿴˷
СҲͼˮ㣬Ƹӻ
˶ܹоһĵ顣
ΪһαĵӳһˣǸоѹ
гֺפҲ⣬Ĵƣգͼ彻
ʱֺоӵ߱ľ޴ѹһֱҲֻǲֳɣѹ̩ǣǽ֮ΪгƷһɱĴڣǳû˸ը̣һγƷ˵ıָסˡ
ڣĸӿ̾Ǹо˼ѹ
Ƕֺ˵ЩǰÿһպգᣬŮȻ
ƽʱĻǿ˵ܹǵĲ࣬ϾȻһǻƿȨǱ˵ΪƷǿƣʵûʲô
ףô죬Ѿ˾ǣһǺÿģ
⣬ֺһǵĿֺ塣
ֺǿЦҡҡͷ漴ͼᶨزΪӳǻк˵Ŀôһˣôǵ׵˳Щˣǻǵǵĺô
ֺʵĽţֺ忴ĸѾ޿ˣֻǺͳƷվͬһߣǾֲúȥ
ң᳤ŮڵһŮ̽Щÿһպգ޵УȻĪĳҲʲô֮
˭ʤ˭δ֪
ǽôһһ룡ֺԲ˭˵Ҫȵ֮󣡡
磬ҲõģʦģЩ˶Ƕֵģ
ֳ˵
ڿڵĳƷ֪Ѿǰӿڿ֮УǰȨƮɣӳƷϲϷӿ档
ڼȨȣһ̫ǿΨнȨȣɽ
֮۾ȨȷС


1017 ش
涼һӿƷȴڿ֮мȨȡ
һ֮ʵڳƷ֮ϣͨ۷壬ȳƷľɸ߶ˡ
ҪôһѰķȻǲеġ
ΨнȨȣпܻܣһ
ȨȵƷʼߣԳƷʵҲ޷ȫƿأѾԽ֮ͨϵľ緽пƿصĴڡ
Ȩ鷳ľǸַַѾƷڣַͨƷܹʱԵĿȨȡ
ȻֻǶʱڵĿƣҲѾ㹻ˡ
ҲΨһܹշһĿԣ
ǰȨɢһ׵ĹâԽԽǿңڳƷ֮Уһַ±ˣһĹâ
ƷҲʱһץȨȣһ˲䣬Ȩϱ˺˵ĵâ󶴡
һΣƷûٳʲô⣬εץסȨȡ
ƷܹоһǿȨ֮зڡ
ͬʱҲܹо֮ǰڼȨȵʱǿдķӡҲڲϵıͻƣֻʱҲˡ
ʱˣ
ƷֳȨȣһ
أ
أ
أ
һڲϵײ磬϶һѷ죬·ʱضܱײһ
ڿ˳Ʒ߹֮һһ˫޴۾֮У¶˼־ɫһɢâȨϴݳҲоɵ֡
ѾޱߵԹеǣƷ˹ֻоӵķŭ޷ơ
Ʒߵ˽׼ϣȨֱӵ˽ϡ
žͿ类ֱ˺ѿһ޴ޱȵѷ죬ƷҲһС
ڳƷһ˲䣬һſѪڣɲǼ䣬Ѿɱ˹
ƷҲǲʾָȭֱһֱֻӳһ͵ɱ˹ȥ
䣡
һһֻƾײһ˲ը˿󶴶ھҵĶ
ǱŽɵĹâİĿ󶴡
⣡
һεײƷˣֻоֱ۵ļⶼ΢΢ԡ
ȻǺƷϲԴ֣ؼ֮ǿᣬŽֻҲǿᣬͬѷ֡
Ȼֻѣɹʵ൱壬Ҳһ֧һҪ
ʱ֮󣬳ƷǼֱоǱһСɽһ
ǻʼս壬壬ʱȻо·磬Ѱͨأղŵһײᱻײɣƾըѣķѿ
ͬΪͨ۷ĸ֣Ҳ׺ײʵ̫ˡ
ƷֻǸоֱ۷飬֪ʱѾﵽ˺εȾ˵ĵز
ͬ磬ҪѴ֮
Ѱ˵ֲǼΪѲĿֲǶڳƷ˵ȴһʵĵʯѡ

ƷЦһֱٶȷȥη塣
䣡
䣡
䣡
֮У·ֻܹһһֻײ·ص̫źģֺ֮ײ
ӰƷӰԻ˳ȻڸղŵĽ֮ȫ·磬һȴҲ˵ʱǿȫ˳
ƷһߵĻһΪԶ֮ϣҲκβ
һսֻоȫѪڷڣڽսĹ֮У޵ҲȻս֮ķ
ûжʱˣ
Ʒǰֻÿϧ
߸߾еȨȣһ˲侯һ쳤ХſѪڣʼһµ˲˳Ʒ
ѹˣѰֻͨһ˲䱻Ƭ
ǧһ֮ʣһ׵糤ɱֱ˺ѿȻ͵һӾͺ䵽һϡ
䣡
µССռ֮бˡ
Ŀ¿񳱽һжƷҪԼǰõĽ硣
𣡡
һһҽУƷԿһıϳһ޴ޱȵ˿ڣǱһˡ
Ȩȵܣʱ˳֮ǰƷǽӴˣЩ·
ֵһˡ


1018 ͨأ޵
ֻһѣѾһıϸһ󶴣˲ͱشҪ֪ղųƷһôãȻһκβǷ˵Ҳ˲һ
̫Զˣܹսڣ漣
Ҫ֪ǿƣѰͨ۷ĸֶǶ֡
𣡡
һڷ޲ýƷһҧ
Ǿ޴ڽ֮вϵĽ۵ش
һ֮һһ޴ޱȵ֮̾ٶȳųƷɱ˹
ƷȻ϶ῴŲܣȫķȫעȨ֮С
ʱһ죬һзӿ
䣡
һֱӺһؿڡ
أ
һݺݵ䵽˵ϣֱӽ涼ײ˾޴ѷ졣
һǿ£ֱؿ˺ѿһ޴˺ۡ
Ȩ֪֮
һΣһûǸղӻƷһ˵һش
ڵ΢һ£ſȥ
ؿںͱ˿ϣƷԿȻѾеάֲסˡ
һѾ壬ʵֻһζѣ䱾壬˵ɵġ
ƷҲڲϵĴŴֻѣۻķȻѾˡ
ЧϣʮְȺ
ƷæȨȣȻڰ֮УĿŵĻָ˹һ֮йҲƷ˹ȥ
ΪԴóƷĹڷٵĻָ
ûãƷѾָʵȻһӡķϷȻ󻯳һһ޴ޱȵĸ롣
ֱ׼ȷһϵùϡ
һͼʱѾˣشûֱӾͱ˵ˣãûκΰ취
ֻѰԪùҲûʲôڱϾѾ壬ʲô໹޻Ǻ壬һùǣȫķҲͻᱻסûκ
ƷֱӷӴһʱ֮УԭһͻȻһӱɹâ
һҽϵҲһ˵ٶȱս˳Ʒ֮У׼ȷ˵ӦǱսһ֮С
Ѿõܵ˾޴Ĵ̼һʼһĹâ
ʱڳƷǰЩâıʶˣǲǹâϢϢɹâͷ˳
ڳƷԺ֮Уһ˲ӿϢȻǴıϢһЩıԵ
ǳƷӦ޷ĲŶԣȻȫ˳Ʒǰ
ϳƷõĵʵļ䴫УƷֻоԼľҲһ˵ٶȷ
ԭʱڷٵĸȣҲһ˵ٶȹ棬ֵڲϵĸޱȵʵ
£ƷҲڸоԼľҲԭѾͨ۷壬ڸֱӳͨسȥ
Ʒ۾ֱץת칦
ͬΪ
ϵķŭ޴ڲϵĽҲֹ˳ƷӶ֮е
۳ľȫƷӶˡ
׼ȷ˵Ӧ˵һΪдͷˣֻһСֱƷˣͨء
Ҳ֪ȥ˶ãƷоԼһΣּÿһ򣬶ֻôһѣ˵ǰ˼Ϊڵ˽⡣
ҪһһεۻģƷȴǲͬһľͽ
£ЩȣһҲõȫֲ
䣡
ڣεĳڳƷľ򲻶֮󣬳ƷԭﵽƿĹҲǳһֱӳһȫµľ硣
ͨأ
ƷֹͣԺ֮еҲѾֹͣ
ʱһԭΪӴȻֻ׳ˣ֮ǰС̫ˡ
ʱһﻹ֮ǰ裬ѾһϢˡ
ǳƷʱ;ںϣȻոͻƵģȴ·ͻһ㡣
֮ͨ󣬼ѰͨأĶ֣ʱλеһС֮еһ
޵У


1019 ֣һ
ֿһ磬ƷʵȻӹɣ㲻˵޵УҲ޾κһˣܺȼҲ˶ѡ
ųƷһ޵УҲֻʱˡ
ǰһѾ챻ճɸˡ
Ѿȫûκλ֮ҪǱƷԺ֮еһöˡ
һĸգƷܹоԼ״̬ͬˣ˵ӲҪ˵Ļǿķʽӱʣڱ档
˫һ㵭Ĺâǰʩչ似һ˲䣬ܹ׽սԼϵ֮С
ǱԭĹĿһֱӿͷԴһʮֿµ
״̬µĳƷӿ£侲·һ̨һٵķؼһС
ҲǰӼ򵥣ӿ٣
˾̥һ㣬ȵľڳƷø
ȫϢ֮󣬳Ʒ߳ŷ֣ʱȫһƬǽ壬綼ҡҡ׹
֮ϣӰڷĹ磬ͼĽһ
ҲӰĹ֮£ҡҡ׹·һ˲ͻ᳹ױһ㡣
άľֺ壬ֺȫķҲѾҪľˣάôĽ磬˵ѾԼļˡ
ƷһȴһȻһʿǸʿȫڸּ֮Уĸߴһ˳ǹĿ£һƥѪɫսΪ͡
ǸʿΪߣһѪɫսȻѾͨΪƿ¡
һӰһݵһͷȣǻһڽ֮ϣýϳ־޴ѷ졣
һһģӣĸߴֻǼ򵥵һȭȻֱӺһִգֱڽϺն
֮⣬ڵϣдڼᣬΧסȻһ类ƣһ֧ͻ
ֺ廹ͶǲҪŮôʱǸĿ˵
Щˣɣֺҧ˵
֪ʱԲ˲һòôߵıҲʱˡ
ӳ֮еĸֺ;Ҳսȴһ˲䡣
ʱ򣬲սĿʼ
ԣ·һ
ǸѪɫսʿţ߸߾ǹһǹн硣
սΧĸֲ֪ʲôʱѾԶԶĿˡ
ͬʱֺ֣廹Ҫ翹Ѱ·
ᣬ̣ŮڣκһֺܹģƫƫҪǿŵڣ
ΪһѾ˰ɣҲǲܹ˵ģ
Щֶڸǳصĸ֣ڳһʱ̲֮סˣҪǿȻ죬Գ֣˵ĵλ֮УҲǷͬСˡ
Ϊ˭˭ǰ˴ĸ֣֮⣬ΧεĻСĸ֣Ҳͨĸ֡
ϸһĻڳĹͨĸ־ѾʮĹģʵˡ
ֵֺܹڣѾʮѵˣȻǿŽ磬ƾԼĻֵһֵ
˫Ĳ̫ˡ
ֻҲףѾɽˮĵزˣŮֳضץˣֺҧòҲԸſ硣
޷⣬Ͼֺҧ֣ʵϣҲܹ΢һʱѣ޷ԸıԵĲࡣ
ڤ粻飡
Ǹ̵ĸ֣ĸߴЦһһȭһִգֱӺ˽硣
ԭѾ˺ۣҡҡ׹Ľһ֮У׻ΪޣһӺˡ
ɱƬײ
ʿ֣߾ٳǹȻ˵
棬Ѿȴõĸִڰ಻ס׷׷
ۣ
ֺһѪ类ƣҲ⵽˷ɣε˳ȥ
ף
ڲԶֺæסֺɳȥ塣
סǲǴŵֺҧ˵ʱƷǷ̵ΨһϣƷӰ쵽ôҲûܹȵˡ
ף
ֺսеıͬˮһû˹
Ҫһսʱһ˵ĽĿ֮кɨ
أ
أ
أ
ͬˮһϯĸ֣ɲǼͱУǧһ˲׷ըѿ˲


1020 Ůڸִ
ֻ򵥵һɨǧʲô磬ûʲôһ鿪
ͻһҲ˲˵Ŀ⣬˶ſ󶴵ķȥȴһ۵˳
ղžǾһҲûὣֻʳָָ£ָһɨǧ֡
Ժ֮еһӦǣ˭
һɨǧ֣ѰͨĸҲġ
Щǵĸ֣Ƕϳ˳ƷӰ֮ǰһս˵Ҳʵ̫ˡ
Ʒĳ֣һסˣӳǶȡƿȨһսء
ȻںΪʲôֺҪסˣԭΪгô
ѵҲҪշô¿˼ˣ
̫дˣѵΪһܹ֮κεɣ
۷׷ףڿƷͬʱͷ·ը˹һ׷ˡ
Ȼ֪Ʒ˭ǸղһʵˣʱҲסˣЩָǲǰˡ
ȻôıһɱǰǾ̫ˡ
ȻڳƷ˵ʱжˣûκ壬޷Ӱ쵽ĳ֡
Ʒһһ߳һǧ֣شһ֧˵Ҳʲôؽ֮Уĸֻô
ˣ̫ˣ
ֺתȥȻ˳Ʒʱϲ˵
һΣΪ赲ߵĽΪƷȡʱ䣬ӳǿνǸ˲ʹĴۡ
أƷüͷ΢Ȼ󿪿ʵ
ץˣҪǾͷ
ֺæ˵
ñץߣҲܾʵ̫ˣûκΰ취ҲȲκˡ
δйһǽʹԼΪ
ƷͲ࣬ȴѾܹݺˣȴԼöˡ

ƷһɢƼΪ֮һͣһ֮ӰƬء
ȻƷߵֺԱߣʼ
ֺƲأֻ⵽˽ѵķɶѣƷƣƬ֮䣬ѾоԼѾõĲˣĸоƷĹֱɲ⡣
Ǻ֮ǰȣƷĸоǿ󣬷·ֻҪһͷܽŪһ㡣
ͻˣֺ̽ԵʵϾͻƲͻƣⶼǸ˽
ƷⷽȴûҪ˼ΪҲûκαҪֱӿ˵ţȷʵջҴƬ̣նǰ˵
Ʒ˵ţڳ˶ݹ⣬ֱ˸߿գĸ֣û˿ĺ£ֻĿǡ
˭ץֳأƷĮȷʵɡ
Ǹ˵Ȱ㻹ʶһ㣬һܹȾָģùԹԵĽĻͽܵɾͲ˵ˣ
ô˵ͽǱŮڵץˣƷ۾˵
㲻ʶ࣬ǵǵһŮ֣Ҳһ³
Ҳԥֱ˵
ͷβͲƷϣУֻҪ̧ŮڣеͷҲõͷ
£òͷ
ߣƷһʳָָ£ֱָɨ˳ȥ
ʱһɷ籡һĽһ㳤֮һ㣬˲ѾŮڵĴ֮С
䣡
Ůڲдǧ֣һ˲ͲҽŻΪѪֻǼ򵥵һѣʣµǧ֣к죬죬ȫˡ
£Ʒٸ߿գһ㡣
һ̫ˣȴǿĿ£һʱ䣬˶ûзӦֱγһƬһļž
˶ɵɵĿǰһС
Ǻܶˣ֪ƷҲۼ֣ǻ̫СŮʢ֮ʢȴҲֵʱ˿ԥ
ǲ֪ƷǴ˽ˣŮڵʢʢҲκθоο֮кպĽңҲδ
㡭㾹Ȼң
ŭɶֱҪˣЩȻֻǺĸ֣ǶŮ֮еľ񣬱ϾеĸֶƾղǴЩ֮еġ
ھȻƷһȫɱʧνء

߸߾ͷȣһȳųƷȥ
أ
Ʒֱ̧Ӳסһȣ޷˿Ӱ졣
ͣ
ǧһ֮ʣƷһâûü˲ͱ


1021 ȫû
ɴ۾屻ʱ򣬶ûзӦѹҲû뵽ԼȻôͻȻһ׶ûС
ΪͨصΪڳƷǰֱֽһ־ͱɱ
۾磬ͳƷ޼սƷȴ̫ԶˣһϵĴڡ
֮ͨУսĲ࣬ͬҲر𣬲ͬն
أ
ʧȥֱӴ֮ȥ
ˣŮȫ
Ʒ׺̶ȣԶԶ˵
˶ڿʿˮղһ˲䣬оˣ޷
ĸǿˣϴսʱӿ£
˵˭ôͻȻðôµĸ֣ȴһ׶ûУ
̫ˣһǧһͨĴ֣ʲôͷôоô£
˶ڰԵ֪ƷʲôͷȴȻô¡
Ʒһ嵽Ļǳе̵֣Ӻʿ
Ҳͬһ֣˵Ϊֻδػǿ˻ͬһˮƽεĴڡ
ڳƷһɱǸȻеûעĹϵһûзӦѾ˵ˡ
£˵ԳƷֻ½ҲòĶȥ
Ҫͨ˾ͼĬͬ·˽ǸʿֱӴ湥Ǹ̵ǴԱɱ
˫ٶȼ죬ɲǼ䣬Ѿɱ˳Ʒĸǰˡ
Ǹʿµսͨޣڳʱȫͷ˳ֻһ֮ͳǧ֮ơ
ڳĹ֮УϵҲϵѧսϵѰѧȫһ
£һ
ڳƷԱߣǸ̵ĸ֣ҲѾһȭ˳ƷȭɨһһҵĶ
䣡
һݺݵĺ䵽˳Ʒϣһȭȴ޷ܹ˵Ʒֻ淺һɫĹâ
ʲôôܣ̵ĸֶʱʧɫ֪ƷҲδƷķȻǿزܹ治ɫĽһ
ã
̵ĸѾӦˣ֪ˣˣͼܿƷ
һΣƷѾĿŵϣʱֻһѾ׷Ȼ˲ѾָȭȻһȭ
䣡
һֲľ죬һֲȭɨ񷣬̸ɨһȭҪǿ֮ࡣ
һȭֱӺ̸ֵзһ˲䣬վͱ˿
أ
ڣһȭ̵ĸ̵֣ĸֻּһҽУ֮б˿޷ֿ
ֱңּĸ֣ȻҲ޷סƷһȭ
ãߣ
ۿųƷһȭ˺Լͬĸ̵֣ĸָ޷κε
ʿֻһͷǾǸϽܣʱѾ˲ôˣʲôƨǡ
ʱֻиϽܲĶ
ʱҪߣѾˣ
Ʒһָֻ߸߾Ľʼ֮۶Ȼ˲ͻһڳɵĿֲ
һڳӭǣԽԽȻ͵һӺݺݵȥ
䣡
һն˲һУȻʿ
ʿϵĸֱּӱնƬȻˣ˴һն롣
ͬͨսҲն룬֮أȻնһ䵽˵ϣֱڵҳһ󶴡
һ˵ʵֻǺ̵ܶʱ䣬Ѿˡ
кܶӳƷնɱŮ֮лعͿƷѸײڶ֮նɱ𶥼ĸ֡
ͨĸǰ·Ѿ˰裬Ҳûʲôֱһѣܹɱ
ȷӦ̺Ĵۿͷ˶ѾôնɱˣǼκεֱͣӾɢˡ
ƽʱѵûκεôٴˣԳƷħˣҲûκôֻ·һ
ŭ±ɵĳƷûҪŹǵ˼ֱӺ
֮һɨ䣬֧һǧ˵Ĵ˲ͱɱˣֱѪһǰ㶼û
ʱЩԶսĸֲڷӦ˹ȫû


1022 ƾۻɽ
ֻǶ̶̼֮£ȫû
ֲֿɱ¾ЧʣֱóƷǵУʹ˵еħϹˡ
⡭⻹ôսս˵ħǰͨĸ֣Ҳʲôɡ
ѹˣȻӵʵѹҲͬ治ɫ
̫ǿˣһΣӳҵһɽˣ
۷׷ףֱӳƷĿ⣬±ּ֪ĸֻ֣ǿһۣܹǳеĸ֪
ּĸ֣ͬСɣ
±ƵĻӳǵ֣ǻƴһսΪƷʱأϾǵļȫӳ֮У޿ˡ
˭֪Ʒոճ֣Ѿɨ˷ڣ޷ֵʱȴƷɸˡ
ʱǲܵ˲࣬ʵϣΪԽǿ󣬾Խǻ뷲˵ľ硣
ﵽһ˼ľ磬Ʒ쾳磬ǧĺ֣Ҳֻתӣһɱǧ֡
ѾǽһĲˣ
ͨ쾳磬Ѿ˱ϵĲͬһ֮ϵĴڡ
Ʒͨ䵽ֺֺ˵ߡ
û˰ɣƷֺ塣
ֺҡҡͷ˵Ѿûˣ㲻õĶ˳ˣȻǽҿ¾Ҫˣ
ƷǵҲΪ˰ʱŻսڣҲʲôڵ֮ҪظȻ
ȻֳֻǳƷһӣ㲻ʽĵӣȴҲǳƷ֮еһӣڳƷ˵廹Ƿͬġ
ţֺæͷ˵ŮץߣѾļ٣֮ԻܹûֱӸȥˣΪ֪⿿һˣܹȵŮΨһϣͶڳƷϡ
ﴦƺ飬ҺֳһὫظȻģ
Ʒֺ˵
ֺʺݺݵĵ˵ͷ˵֮ǰЩɸ׵ľĻôڣѾûκεĻˣ˵ĹȻǶԵģΨĪĳǲпܽþȳ
źЩ֮󣬳ƷֱӴֺ˲ʧ˸߿֮С
ʱЩԶսĸʱžһղųƷڵʱҲʲôȴǸоһεѹεѹһִĸо
·һͷ޸סһ㣬ڲһˡ
ֺȥģӦɽǰɣ
϶ɽǣɽ֮УΪľЭĹˣ
ŮץֳأưոݵģϾ˵ֳص˵ӣô
۷׷֮ʣƷֺ壬Ѿ˸߿֮ϡ
ʱƷֺ˽˾
֪ڳرʲôطô
ӦǱѺɽǣһƬط֮ûŵ㣬ڶɽ֮УӦ취ϷŶ԰ɣ
ֺһ˵
Ҳû뵽Ҳóػһӳǣȴץˣ
ֺ뵽ʱƵĲС
̫ˣ
Ʒҡҡͷ⣬ǳģزǱ۵˶ѣóرҾͷأ
뵽ƷɵЦ
ȻҪҾȥǻһᣬҵҪмֱ£
ֺƷҲ˽⵽̣ŮڣᣬһƬڳΧΪǿǳǿ
ȻƽʱǺѻעϾʥ˵Ƨһ
֮һֱûдĲ֣˸ǶĬųĲ֮⣬ҪǣûʲôرԴЩĴѣֶܹڡ
ڲͬˣĳ֣ǣ˽˵Сˡ
Ȼ˾ͷǳƷӳǣƿߣҲϡ
ΪֻҪڲЭ̽ô˾͸ûзء
ǲ֪ǻ취Э̺͹ϷʱѾƷˡ
ˣȴǰ̩ǣɽǣе˼ƷЦһѾ֪Ϣ˭й¶ˣʱ˵ûκ塣
˵ʲôҵǰͳͳնɱ
˵Ĺ򣬳ƷĶݹѾɽ⡣


1023 ȫû𾪣
ʱɽǣٲȻѾеһŵ㣬ۣôʱɽ֮иơ
Խǿĸ֣ѪԽǿ
ƷӸ߿֮УֱӾͿԿһѪͨ˼Ҹ޷ҹ֮еĵһ㣬ضزס
ЩѪ֮УмرǿģѪѾ˵һ˵ѪֻһĻô⼸ӰֱһС̫һ㡣
Щһ뷨ûУ
ЩѪĸ־ָ·ƣƷҪȥѯʣ֪Ķߡ
ʱɽǵĳ֮УҲͬǸۡ
ԭɽǵĳ½۴ʱѾվ˻ʹıԵشһȺǰ˵ʸûС
ȻѾ۷壬۷һȺͨǰȨûС
Щͨһܹǵġ
ΪˣȴϵһߣһӶûжеЩͨĸѾ׵׵ĳһͨ
ЩͨĸɢĲһֵļµĸоսನܽشȵĿºǿ
ȴûоúڣЩ˵У԰ȵĵɽǳӳֺϣֻҪȵĵҲ̫ˡ
ǵĬڸ໥κβ˶Է޷˵ַ
ӳôƽܾͻᱻˡ
ЩڴˣǲĸգȻֵܷôͷ½ֻһѣ˵Ҳˡ
Щ֮УΪΪǿ֮ףҲ۵ĺġ
ŮڵĵһŮһԼĪʮңķ飬òڵٸһϮ£˳ڡ
Ļ᳤һһս׵ӣֻһֽζ·һսɱ
һ̵ĽһۣӺݻȲɢϢȴ˵
֮н֮еĽ㣬ô˵ҪİС
һΣҲȫϷ˰ɣ
ǳ⣬ôҲøһɣ
һҪ̣θҲ̫˵㣡
ߣƺϷǸ߳һ㡣
Щˣ޲ɼѵΪܼ򵥿ԶԸôʱĻ᳤Цţˡ
Ļ˶Ǵʱƺûء
ɲǵУؾ飬δɵؾ飬ҲһܹԸ˵ġ
£ǻδͿʼҪŷһԵúܿЦô
ôͨı죬ҲҪҲֻʱѣʱǲҪ˵
Ҫ߿ǣǿɲӦ
ΪǶ֪ôѾȥĸȥĿȨˣ
Щַ׷׽ǿɲɵж˴ģҪҲ̫ܡ
Ǹʱ̸η⣬ʱδ£̸ǿЦ
ŮڵһŮڣȻһŮӣݻʵѰܹϵģĻҲò
˵
̽Ҳ֧˵˼ͬʱĬĻᣬΣʱȻܺ˷ĻЩ˼㲻ǵĶ֣鷳кܶ취ġ
ʱ䣬ɳȥĸ֣ӦѾ˲ŶԣǵһϢûУ鶼ûյ
أʱһɽֱɽ˴֮Уһ˲ͷɵ̽ϣȻƴСʧ֮̽Уֻʣһųϡ
ֻͨĸֲܹ飬ɽ顣
һǵȻ飬Ȼţȫˡ
ôܣȫû֮̽дģ𾪡
Ըţϵεˣ֪Էƭ˵ƭ
˵ǰƷɱҲţô׵顣
ԱߣŮڵĵһŮ᳤ҲƲϵݣʱҲŷ׷ɫ
ʲôôܣ
ⲻܣ


1024 ҿѰ·
ɫʱ䣬ΪǶ֣˵ȥֻȻȫûˡ
ǧһͨĸ֣ݣ˵ҲǼΪ˵ˡ
Ȼȴͳͳˣôܹʹ
ҲǱ෴ģǴ֮ˣƬ֮䣬Ѿµʲôˡ
ɳҪռ̸ʲôܣΪˣǲŻἱҴҵĸҪһ˵
ڲ˵ôȵҹϷ֮ǲֵء
ʵСԭǲ֮κһҵĶ֣Ψ֮п
ڣҴȻȫû˵ҲʲôϢ
Ҵӵ֣֮ͨд󲿷˶Ҫǿ࣬˶׸𣬺οǡ
ʱ˶ʶˣһֳˣȻĵز
ֻҲ֣ʲôͷĸ֣ˡ
ǿɲһܹġ
ôĵӣ
̽һӵķ֣ŭɶ
һεʧ˵Ǽģ뵽ˡ
᳤ɫҲΪѿʧ޴ЩǾ񣬱ȥģ˭֪ʧء
ԭʤȯյĵһŮʱҲɫ࣬ĸֵʧҲоΪۡ
˶ûҪ˼Ϊ鶼Ѿˣ֮ĹģҲˡ
Ժܿ죬Ҳ֪飬˶һڳĳ½֮⣬˶ͨĸ֡
Ϊͨĸ֣Ҳ׼֧ʲôӵĿֲ
϶ҪĶˣ
˭֪ʲôˣ᳤Ŀʵ
᳤ĻȫһãȻģҲϾƿľӳǡ
ᵽӳǣôһƲˡ
Ҳͽ˶ˣڸһ˽⣬˶еɵۡ
ԭǻΪֻԼ֪ѣڲŷ֣˶֪ʲô
Ȼôĸ֣ôû֪ʲôⱾԵ÷ǳ˼顣
Ȼû֪ʲô᳤˵ţͿ˵һŮûʹǸֳô
˵ĿҲ˵һŮ˶֪һŮǸĵץˣԭΪֻһ޹ؽҪ壬ԳƷʵһ巴ǷǳҪһ塣
һŮʱҲЩΣȻץֳأǸҲûϣֻȥʳһЩ鱨ѡ
ʲôݣôȥЩ顣
˽Ǹ˴һŮҧ˵
ʱҲǺ޼ǸƷȻҲǨŭƷͽϡ
һֳؾѾʱֳؿڣήңٲȻܵʡ
ֳܹо˵ĿⶼԼϣȻ֪ʲôԭ򣬵΢һ±֪϶Լʦйϵ
ϾЩͨĸ֣ĻûбҪ֪ЩͨĴУԼʲôֱأ
ߣһ䣬˵һ䣬ˣ
ʱһŮĿ˵
Ǹʲôˣʲôͷ᳤Ŀʵ
֪Ļȥʦˣʲôãֱֳӿ˵
Щ飬ʵҲΪƷû̸ҲûҪȥ̽Ѱ˼ֻҪ֪ƷԼʦǾ͹ˡ
ߣڤ粻飬ɴֱɱˣ̽˵Ǹʲôͷɱ̵Ľͽ·һ·ҲȲ
˵ţ̽Ҫ֡
أͻȻһ뽫Ŀ⿴֮ϣȻݶסҲ޷赲˵Ŀ⣬Ƕǿ֪
ʱ֮ϣӰֱӼɽǵĳ
ȻʲôʵģǾֱҺˣαΪһ
Ʒ߸ϣӸ£˵
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̽ԭһֳأڳƷֱ֮ӸΪץ˸߿գųƷ
᳤֮һŮ֣Ҳ׷׷˸߿֮ϣƷֺңңԡ
Ǹ̽һֻץֳصĲһ߿˵

Ʒ˵ͷֳصʱüͷ壬ҿѰ·


1025 һնһŮ
أ
ֳرץסֺʱ󼱣ûκζסˣֻǸڳƷ
Ϊ֪ǰǸӵĿ£һƾͿܹƥе˵ģҪˣΨƷһ취
Ҫҵ鷳Ҫʲôбµľܿʣץҵͽܣδе̫˰ɣ
ƷЩͨĸ˵
˭ŮڵĵһŮ
˵ĿȻ䵽˵һŮϣ֪ȻƷ׷Źˡ
һŮҲомգƷ䵭̬ȣʱŭ
ҾŮڵĵһŮǸǺôĵӣ֪㷸ʲôôһŮݽҧ
һ˫ĶųƷ֮͸¶̹ǵɱ⡣
ƷЦһǸƾֶζѣҲҪ
㻹ʶĻھ͸ȥˣĻ½ˣ
ʱĻ᳤˵֮ǰ޲ɱƷȻԼ˳Ʒ֮ʱ뷨ȻƷǵ֮νɲ⣬̽ⲻƷǳҲΪˣԵĻܹƷߣȻõġ
ȥҿǽҲ̫ˣھҵϣбµĻǾãûµĻǼͳͳҪ
ƷЦ᳤εвϡ
ȻԷûͨǳƷܹоװ̽ŮڵĵһŮԲͬǽ˲ֹһΡ
ȻҲѷֱ档
ƷűץסȻҲܹĥֳأ֮жʱŽâЩ˵ľٶҲʵѾ˳Ʒˣеŭ˳ŭɶ
ãããȻǾͱǲˣ̽˵ǰֳء
͵ش㿪ʼһֳء
ǧһ֮ʣȴһâֱӹᴩ˳գɨϰɳĽâ˵ʱʱ죬ֻһ˲ѣѾɨֱ̽ۡ
ܹһֳأֱҲᱻһи
һϴһ˵ܣܵĸо˼ȵΣգ£ƴһѣֱӾͽָ˻
ǧһ֮ʾѾ˾
ˢ
âǰӹΧȻƤڣ·Ǳһ㡣
ֳصֱӴӸ߿֮£ǧһ֮ʣһӰǧȵĽסֳء
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ӹŹ֮һ⣬̽ϣֳشʱڻع֮ǰһоֻǧһ֮ʣƷĶ΢һĻˡ
ֹʵ̫̼ˣ
û°ɣƷʵղܹôֵģȻҲͷĪˡ
һֱڹ۲̽Ѱõĳʱֳ̽صһ˲䣬ͳˣȻ̽ҺͳƷӲ
ֱ۶ᱻƷն
û£û£
ڳƷϣֳضʱоöˣӳƷʹһůů֮ȫһͨ͸֮ǰܵҲתˡ
Ʒһֵǵζֳضʱͨͨ΢죬£ȴκˡ
û¾ͺã
ƷȻ֪ղŵֳ˵˶𺳣ֳ͵ֺ֮󣬱㿴ǰЩˡ
Щ˵ΪѾ׼ŭˣǱɣ
ƷָŵһŮˡ
ȻץˣǾȴ㿪ʼˣ
Ʒ䣬ʱһŮ͸оȫë·Ǳʲô޸סһ㣬ȿֲ
ָоĵУĵ֮гƷֱһͷֲޡ
䣡
ƷĻ䣬˾ͶˣһӣʧԭأƷԭվĵطеĿһ˲ը˿·һҵıըһ㡣
ٶȿʱȴ֣֪ʲôʱѾ˵һŮǰ
ҲûʲôĶֻʳָָ£ָȻָһӾͳŵһŮն
ָ֮бŽĽâɲǼ䣬䶯أϰɳһն䣬صĹââᣬʱ˿̣һնĵطصġ
һŮʱ׻о˼ΪֲϢȻʱҪҲѾˡ
ʱһȣֱһһâһӰ޴ŮӵӰŮӵӰ᳤ͬһӭһȥ
䣡
һƾը˿ƷĽâննɱһУһѡ
ŮӵӰƾձնΣѪ˺˿˲ŷ֣һŮ֪ʲôʱ򣬾ȻѾһնɱ


1026 ͨ
ֻǽһжѣ˶û뵽ʱȫһ⧲һŮƷն룬ʬֱ
ôһ̴ŮӣƷû˿ֱӾһ֡
һŮץֳص飬˵Ѿۣۣ֮ŭ
˶һЩͨһ˲ɢ˿ղųƷֻһѣʾ˵һĻǼٵġ
Ʒȷʵм֧
ֲĴڣûܹ⡣
һŮʲôݣʲôʵ
Ȼ֪رҲ϶Ѿͨϵľ磬ͨ۷塣
ֻһѣ˳Ʒϡ
һŮκηӦֻܴҴӭ
ɷǣǵȻжԶܶԶ˵֮ǰҪһ뷨Ѿκӵ뷨ˡ
ǻҽΪȻǿ󣬵ǹҲܶࡣ
ȻƷͲͬˣѰ˻⣬ǵ飬ѹûںʲôӰ죬һ㶼ں
ˣ᳤̽æֱӰڳ˷ơ
еΨԼΪִ֮£ϻΪ˵ʵ޼һ˴һֻһˡ
Ϊ໥ǣƵľ棬ӵľ档
ǵʵҲѾͨ۷壬ͨصĴϲǿ˲ֹһ
˵ǿһֹΪϲڵĻԼġ
ĸ֣ԾԶԼߵʱȻͬ磬ߵĸ֣ǾͻһǧͬһΡ
¸ִ֮УƷնɱ˴ϲڵʱҲϣǵĻȻ赭дҪҲܹġ
ǿƷǵʵ࣬ǿһ㣬Ҳֻһѡ
Ȼոս֣ǾͷԼ֮ǰȫȫľʹˣǺͳƷȣֹǲһ㡣
ֻǲ֪Ʒոǣֿͨأʵ֮ǰֹǿ˺ü
ΪԼϲҪǿĶ࣬ⲻ֪ڳƷûκηֱġ
໥һۣʱʶԼһΪֵĵˡ
һ˲ԥ֮˾Ѿ˾ˣԲ־ͱУʱΨԹأϣ
䣡Ļ᳤ʱȷ˽ףҲһܹȫȫʲôĹ˵ĵ
ȷĽһ˳ǹȻûȴǧڶĿֲ󣬱֮ǰƷնɱǸĸ˵ֲ֪Ҫǿ˶٣ǿһϡ
Աߣ̵ĽҲͬʱжǴӲҪͲһΧƷ
أʱ򣬳ƷҲˣҲûδĶ̽ǿֲһȭֱӴӳƷ֮дԽ˹ȥ
ãǲӰ
̽̾ʶ˲ãǵҪʱ򣬲ͻȻ֣Ʒڰ֮зֻ˾ŵӰȻģûһǼٵġ
Ӱ
һž˵ʱȫֳ˾˵֮ǰƷĹޣʩչӰҲǽ߾ȫֻʩչһֵ
ڳƷȴܹȫʩչʩչʱ򣬼ֱ˷츲صı仯
ƷʱѾ᳤ǰָȭȻһȭֲȭԳƷΪģγһɿֲķ籩һɷ籩󻯳һ޴ޱȵĽɫޡ
ɫһȭ᳤ǧĳ֮ȴ޷ԳƷκв˲ͻΪޡ
ԭĳ֮һɢ֮󣬾¶᳤Ρ
ƷһȭǲƫУֱӺ᳤ؿڡ
䣡
᳤һȭϹŵЦҲһˣΪԭΪܹסͨȫһ׾ȻƷһȭһ޴Ŀն
ؿڳһ޴ĿնڷţϵЦݶˣ֮أһŵӣƺţԼˡ
ã
ʱ̽ʱʶ˲ãҪߣҺͳƷˡ
ʱҪߣˣ
Ʒֱ۸߸߾ֱץһһ˳ì͵һӳ
ݣ
ì̽˵ϡ


1027 ȸںݱ¶
Ʒ죬ٶ֮죬һۻҵĸо
ֻоδӦսѾˡ
ȫһļžһĻ˶ɵۣ
жʼˣսǵɱ
¾һǸУǿڣ˵⸽ټ֮УΪǿ
ͨ۷ΪֻҪٿһͿԿ뵱У޵С
˸޷ĴڣȻ׵˳Ʒϡ
ͬʱҲĳ˳Ʒ˵ã֮ǰ˽⵽鱨д󣬳ƷǸֻ΢һЩѡ
ѹԵƣ
ǲ֪ǣ֮ǰǵõ鱨ʱ򣬳ƷͨأʵԶǸʱȻȵһŮ᳤̽ҪǿҲôɵľͽնɱҪһֽŵġ
ȻЧһɵЧȴͬ㡣
˴ʱԶԶģҿҺͳƷӣƷĻǵĵһӦǶԿܡ
ʱΨܻһ
Ʒնɱ֮˵ʬȻҲУּĸֵʬȻҲǼֵǵģ˵ǵһƸˡ
ǰƷ쾳ʱȻÿռװûа취Ϊɽͼ֮⣬еĿռװҪ֮ͨʹ÷ܴ򿪡
Ʒ㵱ʱʵͨվҲûзڲͬˣȻǬһֻԭ˲ܴ򿪣Ʒվͬڻʼս֮УͲֹ¼һǿƽ⿪Ǭİ취
ϾǬ䲻ɽͼķȫ򲻿ϾǬŵģǬ䣬Ǭ֮ĶǿƽˣҲ˵ԭѾˣȻûа취ˡ
ֻҪܹЩռװеĲƸȻ䵽˳ƷС
˶Ǹ֮еٮٮߣһƸҲһΪӴ֣ڵĳƷ˵úʡ
ƷʱҲûпȥ鿴ϵĲƸƾճԶȥλѣôˣҲó˰ɣ
˵ʱһ飬ȻǸȴ֪
һ˲ˣҪһ벶ȸںİϷ
Ҳû뵽Ʒ˺ɣ죬˳Ʒϡ
̶ʱ䣬һоѾˣ淢˷츲صı仯һоѾǳˣû˿Իˮ
֮УһӰ˳˲ǱˣκҴϡ
ʱκҴɫΪѿĿųƷ
κҴϣ
ͨĸ֮УϳκҴϡ
κʥ֮У˵һһĴڣκҴκҲһһĴڣȻʥ֮УǶǺպĴڡ
֮ͨȻлʶκҴϡ
κҴϣƷҲǸֵͨĻ
κҲʶˣǶν֣˴֮䣬νԩ𲻶ϡ
κҴϵ飬Ʒֱӿ˵ӣƺʶң
Ҳû뵽Ȼܹ㣬رִ
κҴޱ˵
ڳƷ˵ʮϤˣһֱʥضһ۵
κȻһļȷ棬Ʒ֮ͬзʥĴһ֡
֮еλνǾأͳûУƷӰҲ˵˼¡
ƷžǣʥؿԼֻеĿܣϾһȺ̫ϻʵԼͷ
£˫ìѾҵһ̶ȣƷΪ֮ȻҲǹעĶ
ƷӰҲӡֻû뵽ƷȻа취ʥ֮С
Ϊֲģ
û뵽ǣ鱨֮УƷӦòŸոտͨûжòǣڣɱֱͨ¾һ㣬ɾˡ
ʶһص⣬ڳƷ鱨˾޴⣡
κҴϵĻҲʱЩͨĸֻȻˣǶͨĸ֣ʥ֮ϵһȺˣʥͼûвȥİ
һЩҲǲ˽⣬ֻûļƷѡ
ڣԭݳյĳƷҲ¶ݣؽ֮رִ߹֮һ


1028 ֮ͨս
˿Ʒͱˣһֱǲ͸֮УȻȴƷһֲɱǵϳ֮С
ʱҲףΪʲôôֲһ֣֮ǰһŶ鲻ˣΪѹ治ڴ˽֮Уôô飬ȻҲǲܵ顣
ڳƷӳǵĳֺɫҲˣ֪Ϊʲô֮ǰڳƷȫһ֪ʲô鲻ˡ
ԭС

һʥ֮и֪Ҳֻ֪һſڸ֮Уһӵ˿ڣչһΪƼϵֲ࣬ҶֵʵҲǿ
ȻǸô˵˵˺ˣôľͳƷӽв
ͨصĸֱ֣Ǽһ㣬־͸ɱˡ
ˣʥ֮ҲǷëǣ޿ƥеĴڡ
Ȼӡ֮еӦòӵĲŶԡ
뵽һ㣬˶ؽ֮У˽ҪΪͬΪܱ࣬Ҫɽͺ򽻵Ҫ׵Ķˡ
ڵʥۿžҪˣûжʱˣ֮ǰ룬Ҫʥһͬ𣬶ھһܺõ
Ʒ֮а˾Ǹ߹٣ĻӳǾа취ˡ
ϾҪģЩĴ뷨ЩС˵˵ֻҲǿԽܵ飬ҲȻ˵ĻǾȻνˡ
ƷĴڣʣһõǺͳƷĹϸ̫ˣʱҪ뿪Ѿˡ
Ȼʶң
Ʒ˵ͷҲź
ֱʰɣԭ˵̩ǹֻھʱҲܹḶ́ҿǣҲûʵ
ƷκҴϵʱ򣬺ܶѾˣ鱳һκڲˣҲΨκҵʵпĳ̶ˡ
κҿеĶýĻܹܵ˵ģ
ʱκҴֱĿڣв˵
κҺôθڣѾˣôѵ㻹ҪûȥɣҿûʵǼ˵
ƷЦȴκҴϷϡ
Ҫҳ֣
κҴ˵ҿɺһΪɱܹвĵңʹشˣ
ʲô𣿡Ʒҡҡͷ˵챻ˣȻóȥǶ˵δǷǳҪġ
ƾտڰҪҵǲܣ
ƷֶκҴϵвûκζݡ
ԶЩͨĸҲ׷׼ɵĿųƷôƷ߲ƣֻҪҪôȻƷ޷ƿһϰˡ
˶ϣΪҳܹܳƷΪԼûϣˣǿһ˿ֲĳƷǶûκʤ㡣
ڤ粻飬ƲԳԷƣ
κҴĿųƷһ˲Ͷˣ纣ֲϢ졣
ǶĽ氡
Щͨĸֶֻоսˣ˵Щͨˣɵùɪɪ
ͨĸֶޱȼɵĶ֮սͨһ㷴ûУǼͨʵҲûжô
ˣһ˲䣬κҴϵֳһץһڱбȫȫץ˳ڡ
һ˲䣬κҴϵʵѾԽͨԿͨصľ硣
᳤̽ŮڵһŮͨ۷˵ֻǿһ硣
ֻһ֮ң˫һϣ֮ͨÿһεĲ࣬һһ죬̫ңԶˡ
ϣ˺ѳһ޴ĵâһâ飬ɲǼͽظ˺ѿˣڷ֮УҲϳˣǿһ
κҴһǿƣӲãʥ֮ҲǶǿߣ֪ٸ֣ȻҪȡȻ׷ǳƷ֮ǰնɱͨصĸɵĻúͳƷ˵ڣֱһɱҲˡ
ǿƣƷȴǿƣһȫϢѪ𣬾ȻܣӲӶϡ


1029 ȭɱκҴ
䣡
Ʒƣʱ·Ҫضסһ˸ɫâĴƣӭһϡ
ֲıըһ˲䣬ֱ̮Ŀǿֲıըನֱɽ֮ϵĽ綼һӸˣǼ㸴ˣȴȻǲϵĶıˮһϵĶ
֪һжôĿ¡
еľɪɪǲ˫ֲסҲûа취
ֻЩͨĸֱڿնжԶԶҿ±˫սನɵˡ
ⲢǿЦӸղŵһǾܹоһĻĻᱻɵǲſˡ
ԶֺɫҲʮֵѿκҴϵĿԶԶֿµĳ̶ȣֻҪһƾܹ鿪
κҴϵʵʻ˻һһʵշ裬˵Ѿ߾ȫˣûκα
ҲΪڳƷļɵһ־ȫľ
Ļʵʥ֮У㹻ȫ˲࣬ҲЩ֮˶ѡ
𾪵ǣƷһƾȻնȥĵâĵķ飬Ȼڱըನ֮У˶ͨĸҲκ⡣
ȴǿķܹܵһâֱʱĿֲ
ƷûжʲôֻͨƾѾĵز˵Ʒ֮ǰԤϵĻҪֲ
κʥ֮кôͷ֮жţѵͼֹڴˣκҲʵ˶ѣ
ƷʵƺκҲϡ
ԶЩͨĸ޲ȻӣʥصһκҵģҲǰĶˡ
Ҳ̫ˣ
κҳϴһȫķȻһ˲䣬Ͷˡ
ȫʵ
ƷϲκҴϽ߾ȫƷûκκ֮ɫ෴ģϷ˼־ϲԾԾԵ顣
ԴͻƵ֮ͨ󣬾ûȫֹ֮ǰ᳤̽ŮڵһŮҲǸҲס¡
ǺȣΪҳǿ̫ˣ㹻չȭˡ
Ծ
κҴϴһһɲǼ䣬ؼ䶼ˣֹˣˣȫ֮±סˡ
Ʒ߶оˣһһеҲϣΪ²÷ֻƾǰһֱƿһƵ֡
෴ģƷҲ˼£κҴϵңӦ˿·磬ѾطκҴϻҪǿᡣ
ʱκҴ࣬о˼ѣȫ£ܹõĳһС
о˼ѣʼ˺ѣһи̫ˣҪսپܳƷſԡ
֮ɱ⣬Ʒ˾ԲȲ˵ʵ鱨ϲϣԼ鱨ûǾֻһֿԣô̵ʱڣƷʵָһˡ
ӿµǣŲǶʮѣʮʱʲô磿ǸʱŸոտ쾳ûжãǾѾ֮ͬеٮٮߡ
ǺͳƷֱǹʺһͶȥˣûκô
䣡
âͻȻȻӭǣһֲĵƣն
úã
ƷЦһȻָȭֱָȭȻһȭ
ɲǼ䣬Ʒͻһֻ޴ޱȵĽȻ͵һӺɨ˳ȥȭֱӺ˵ââ˺˿
һâն˳Ʒϣȴ˲ֺ
Ϊʲôƴˣ
ʱκҴϲŸոʶԼĹκβóƷڳƷǰ̫ˣ׾ͱ˺ѿ
Ʒսǿ̫ˡ
в⣬Ҳ˼飬ΪʲôƷͣΪȴܹǿᵽز
Ȼûѡ񣬷ֱһâն
䣡
䣡
䣡
κҴƴնһâͼ赲ƷĹƣʱ֮Ѿתˡ
ȻƷԽսԽǸ߰һȭһȭЩâƬ
ڳƷ˵ѰĹκҴ˵ÿһζ͸֧Ӳƴ
ÿһζϴѪڼֲסˣһն֮󣬺̷ûа취ٶնԭܲ͸ĵâɵ̾ͳ
ƷȻŹᣬһȭᴩһУ˲ͽЩâƬȭȥƲ˲䶴κҴϵؿڡ
ɲǼ䣬


1030 䶯ʥ
һȭɱѾͨصκҴϣƷͬʱ˼£
˵Уħһ㣬˿ɵУ
ЩԭڹսĸͨҲһɢͣ³Ʒһı⣬ͽȫɱˡ
Ǵʱһ㶼ɳƷʵ
Ƭ̵ʱ䣬Щ˾Ѿɢһɶһʣ
ƷκҴϵʬɽͼĿռ֮УʱԱ߻ûȥģҲֳֺֻˡ
û뵽Ȼ߲㣡
ֺ¶˼ֿЦȻ˵
ôôƷֺ壬ЦЦ˵
˵Цˣֺæ˵ӳǿ϶ֳ֧ģ
Ʒ˵ͷֺ嵹ǴµֺѾѡˣҪƲϵҲѾˡ
ֳҲԷģҲ֪һЩȨʥزӳǣҲǨƷЦ˵ʥǨؽҲʱ⣬Ͼʥؼֲ˶ˣô
Ʒ֮Щѷ죬սʥصʱִһЩǲǴʵ
Щѷʱ޿̶һﵽĳز֮󣬿ʥرҲ޿ɱˡ
ΪʥؼʥظŻżҪؽǨ
ְǨĹʮֵΪʥ֮пɲһô򵥣ҪȫǨʥأɲܵȵʥؼʱжĻҲӳȥĸ߲㣬ֻͨ»ȫû
ʥܹѹǵţĻȨУûϣʥܹȫ˳ʮ֮һ˾Ͳˡ
һΪƴḶ́Ҫ˫ȫϡ
ʥ˵ܹõĽ˵ȴ෴ʥõĽ
ĸ߶սվȱݣͨĸֵǲǶʱھͿģʱ£ʥؼ룬ܹȫֲڸ߶սϵĲ㡣
Ķ̰岹㣬Ժ壬ɽҲ·磬ȡϷ硣
ҲǳƷʥصһᣬʥһֱҪ뷨ţôǲᱻɵġ
ٹһЩ꣬Ķֵ֮ôʥض˵һôûˣҫǸܵġ
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ף
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ͷһ֦Щֵͨߣһ˵ϢҲʥظ֮
Ȼһ֣ʥ֮Уʥ֮նɱ˴ĸ֣κҴϡ
ϢһʱһƬȻһֱʥռλҪ͸Ϳ͸ҪصʥؾͿԻصʥء
ȻǰʥȴǵһΣǰδе顣
һҹ֮䣬ʥغ䶯ֻΪƷһˡ
ӦģȻʥصһҵκңκΪļȷ棬ͳƷ֮ìȻǲɵ͵ġ
˵һαնһϣָ֣ʥ֮ҲǶһС֮һһΪףȴ˳ƷС
м¼֮УκڳƷϵ˾͸ֹôˡ
κŭ
κҼǷųԣƷȻǰʥأǾҪʥ֮С
κµŭ⣬ϾκҴ϶˳ƷУʧƿɲ
κҲи֮£ʥص˶֪˳Ʒ֮еĵλ
ȨִرִرִλȨأֱ鲼ʵ˶ͨĸֲʵʥصĳ֮ϡ
۵λʵƷʥ֮һСĴƽƽƷһֵĳƺ
ҪǣƷŶʮѣǶʮʱڸʲô
Ʒ͵ʱȴѾݰٵ֮λ֮ӹɡ
ֱ֮
˽⵽˾Լôֱǻ˹ȥˡ


1031 вӭս
Ȼʥغȫͬ磬Ƕںܶ˵Ҫ֪ڳƷһЩϵϣǱȽϼ򵥵ġ
Ͼʥһֱкܶ͸֮УֻǳƷܹ鵽ϣѾʥ֮Ȼ󲨡
֮ǰֻǸпƷĻô˳Ʒʱ򣬲ǳˡ
ʣһǴţһ԰ʥ֮УҲûг
һֱʥһֱչȻչٶȺܿ죬Ȼʥط棬˲١
Ȼٷչٶȣٰ꣬ͽԽʥأʱȻǺʥķչʱ˵ֵһᡣ
ķչٶȿ֪жôѸ٣ȻĿǰΪֹȻԺʥᲢۣͨĸָԶ
ȻʥضĸǴţ֮ȴһ
֮뵽֮ǰһ֣ͳھһͳĽࡣ
ͳҲǵһʥصƷ֮ĵڶˡ
ʥκأĽɽʥصһҵĺڣҲǾκӵĵط
ڴʱκһκ߹ĻҲٿ
κɢڸصĸ߲׷ǰһ飬μӵĸ߲Ѿ˰ˣ㹻κҵĴ¡
Ҳ۷ϵĸ֣ʸμ飬ͨĸ֣κҵĵҲɴ˿ɼһߡ
ڻ׵λϣһԼĪʮңӶϣأһɢ
κεļκԡ
ǳƷҪ
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Ҳ˵Ϊϱ飬֮˵ķʥصϵͷֻҪɱô֮Щ̷Ҳͻȫֱ
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ϵκҼκֻĮĲ˵κҴĵܵܣ˳Ʒϣ˵νǺ޲óƷ֮ء
Ȼô˵˵ʵͬСɣϵʵ˵˵ϸû߹УֻʵҲѾͨأͨ۷壬Ҫɱôף
ҲǵĳϿ˵
˵ķ侲һ£ȻҲ뵽˴£Ҫ֪κҴκ֮УκԳ֣˵κˡ
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ȻǳƷĶ֣ƷҲûоսȫȫѹʽĻκҴϡ
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˶κԣκҲֻȴһ仰˵ʵϣڳƷʵҲͬǼɵ֣գﻹȵڣţɱƷˡ
ǳƷĴо˼в
ǽȥκҪҪҲֻκһҰɣһϿ˵ƷǿֹǶκ˵жд̣Щ˵γжд̣
Ļκҵĳϸ߲㶼ǰһˣƷı־ˣƾκңҲδرգˣǾͲͬˡ
ˣκԵûо԰յ£ҲԸ䵱ͷΪ˻ȡ
һƷ鴫ȥԽ֪ԽãҾͲˣһ˻ܺʥؿⲻɣ
κһ֮κҵĸҲʼ˿ʥ֮κҵκ֪ˡ
һҹ֮䣬Ʒͷʥ֮дΪκҵĹϵ˶֪ʥ֮һĸ߹١
ȻȻκҲҪΪƷƣΪųƷϱϵ¶˾ͬʱҲмᶨҪɱƷ˼
Ҫɲֻʥκңǵʵǿ̬ǼΪֶǿӲĳƷֱжд̡
֮Уǻ鷳ʥ֮УǾͲͬˣϾǵ
һɱ𣬾ҲƲס˷ɱ췭ظ
ڴʱ˵Ŀⶼӳ֮ʣѾ֮ĳƷȴͻȻֺͨ⺰Ըʥ̸顣
вӭս
һ仰ʥأ


1032 Ʒĵƣ˶û
Ʒһ仰ȼʥصķΧ˿ƷûнǷϡ
˵ʥڳƷʲôɣ
౾ͻж֮ˣǲϽҪóƷ֮أʥ֮С
ڳƷһ൱սһԣʥظĸ߲ȴǼĬˣһʱ䣬Ȼûһĸ߲Ӧԡ
ӳǣ֮УƷվһƬߣֻǶվţҲȻ֮
ֳء
ӳƷǾ仰Ѿȥʮʱˣʮʱ㹻ܶ飬֮ǰһѣֳطøΪһ
վڳƷߣܹоǺ嫺һĿֲܹȵġ
ʦʥضΪĻˣڳ˶飡ֳؿųƷСĿ˵
ţ
Ʒ˵ͷƺϡ
䶯Ǻ飬۽ΣӰʥصδֻҪ΢۹˾ܹס
ܶ˶ʦڿʥ֮Уܶ˶̫ʦأ
ֳּ˵ʵֹǲƷֺǳƷŰϡ
ν
Ʒ˵
ЩûǶĬôЩ֮ˣкοµģȵҶǬǲӦҲôӦʱƻҪҴȣ
Ʒ΢΢һĨЦݣЩˣϡ
ֳƺЩˣ˵ֽȫ¶ֵľγɵѹֱ¡
ȻڳƷ˵ЩͬҲãǲͬҲãȴνӰ첻˴֡
ǲεĲֳͬ˵ЩԺǳƷ֮ˣĸԺյǰÿһӳǶҪ군
ǵ־ȻݺԣȻڳƷ˵ЩһЩ޹ؽҪ·˶ѣҪģܹʥشƵĻǼȻ
ܹһеľǼȻ֮еĶڣֻҪƷܹѹǣȻҲͲƣֿΣľҲӭж⡣
ƾֵĸǿʵΨˣǺɨһеĹؼ
ʥһκң֮⣬һڣڣ̣޼ţƷ
Щ죬ֳͨأƷҲ˽⵽˺ܶʥ֮е
֮еʱ򣬳Ʒܹ˽⵽ʥص٣ǱȽƬġ
ʥ֮У˽⵽ʥصʥµһǹϷʥصķ棬϶Ҫڡ
ٶйϵûйϵЩںǰͱˡ
֮Уʣκҿ϶ǵжӹɣκҲЩáݵγǵһڳƷáƣκҳ
κҿ϶ǳƷҪĶ󣬶κͬʱҲͬжд̣˫ûн⿪ԹĿԣΨһ׵²пܡ
ʣµ֮УмǻվκǱߵģмǳƷҪǵ⡣
վߣûпǹҲʵЩưʥ꣬δͷԵ޹ʵĵͷҲܡ
ʦô죿ֳЩǵ˵ʥ֮мˣû˸˼ҪԸƷǾζ൱ʥҪԸƷ
һСģ㸲֮
ᣡ
ƷҡҡͷĶǶܹ꣬޽ٵ໥
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һģȻһҲǻԼһģҲ͹ˡ
֮мֿܻ֣Բ󣡡ƷҡҡͷҲνм֣ʲôֶΣҵĶ֣
ֳغĿųƷ֪ʦʲôֶΣԶԸѾ˵
ߺߣʥеˣŻ֪˵һʲôɣƷʵȻѾη壬֣Ȼֻһ˳ֻ֣Ҫ˵֣˶ô
ں˵ǰ˶ٸû壡
ΪرִĲҪ㵽˵ʲô£Ȩޡ
ʱܶ⧲֮£͹Ǻݺݺһˡ
һ󼱴ٵĽŲ˳Ʒ˼·
ֺ󲽴Զٱ
лظˣ


1033 ǧˣӣ
ֺɱƬ֮͵˳Ʒǰ
лظˣ
ô˵Ʒתͷֺʵ
ʥ֮յԹʥɽЭ̹ʥصδа˺ʱؽ飡
ֺ
֮óһݸ˳Ʒ˵רŸҿ߲ƣ޺簡
ƷӹһۣҲֱӸġ
ʣκֻº޲ýʬΣ־ٰЭ̴ᣬڳƷ˵Ӧһ硣
κҵ˼ܹµõֻκҲûʮİܹԸԼҪʥصԸ
ʥ֮Уͬһ뷨ֻҲ
ʦҿǿ϶ǲ⣬ǻǲȥˣ
ֳҲԱȰ˵
һЭ̣ôԳƷ
Ҫȥ
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ȥôһЭ̿϶ᱻƿأôĳĽۣ˵϶ôѺá
ʱʥزΪվĶȥôͽΪɽͺ֮ĵǿС
ԳƷòȥμһεЭ̣ΪĴ
ǿ϶᲼޵ģֳصǵ˵
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İɣǷʲôεģ֮·һ·ǰУҪնһѾͲϣ֮·Ҳֹˣ
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ֺԣͫ΢΢ųƷ֮д˼־顣
ͺܶ˲ͬƷһεЭ̵ɺ磬෴ĻһβʥⷴĴûᡣ
ƷЩҪĴССһ򾡵ĻôʥҪȷѪˡ
Ѿ˿òˣѾҪֳ֧ƷȡӳǵδʱȻϣƷԽǿԽá
ҿһ£һЭ̴ʱ֮ãһԱһιأƷ
һЭǣأΧ֮ȻǶʱھܹٿģڰ׵Ѿʮ˵ˡ
ڳƷ˵ȴҲһõʱ䡣
ڿ֮ͨ󣬳Ʒһ죬ֱӿͨ۷壬κҴǰһ
㹻ʱ䣬ԸһǸʱսҲһֱͨ۷壬Ǹʱ򣬳ǳ˳Խ֮ͨϵĿֲڡ
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ϸ׼ֺæ˵
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ʱȥ赲ڰʥص֮⣬ôǾֻˣһΣϵģӦٻǲ˼ΪӴĴǰμһεЭ̡
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ѡѡսˣЩͬѡᵼ½ȻͬĽ
ÿһ˶ϢϢأ
˹ĵǣǴĳƷ᲻һεЭ̴ϡ
ԳƷ룬ںܶ˵Ʋ֮£ҲΪ֪
κҵҪʥص۽ƷƵĲò֣Ȼڱ󲻶ϵƲô¹Ϊ֪
ƷǷ֣ҲΪĵ飬ϾҲкܴĹϵƷ̬ȣǺ̶ܴϴ̬ȡ


1034 룬Ʒˣ
µʱգۼţһЭ̵ҲʥأʥڸЭ̵ĽΣ⽫ʥδ
˶ڹעģһεЭ֮̽⣬ΪĴƷҲҳЭ̴ϡ
Ͼ˾֪κƷѪôĸԸƷǰμЭ̡
ֻҪ΢̵ҲףκҵȷֻҲ׼޵ȴƷǰ
ȻǶóûɳƷƷ᲻֣ȻҲͳ
ʥɽλʥغ룬ǧɽɽֱ񷣬ľա
һգʥظʥɽʥɽɽ£ٳһ޴ԹЪš
ɽ֮ϣΪƽһ̣ţҵɽ֮ϡ
ǿۣԶԶȥȥܹһһֲѪ𵴿
Щ֮УζͨЩ۷һ֮ûʸ뵽Ĵս֮С
һβʥ֮Ȼͨĸ֣ͨʥصĵ֮ǿզࡣ
ȻƽÿҲôһǿͬһЩۻʥ֮󣬱ǼΪֲܹᲢ۵ġ
ЩֵͨѹҲʥһ֪ոָ߿Ƽ߾Ȼаܹѹĸԭ
Ȼʱͨĸ֣ȴһƬĬЩࡣ
ѾһˣȻǵȴĶ󣬳Ʒǳʧһ֡
˵һźĽȻĳЩ˱ǲ⣬ϣƷǰ
ǿųƷѹһ㶼ûҪֵӣʱҲˡ
ڸ˵ҲȻ֪׼޵Ҳġ
˵ĺλãӰ֮ϣǵһͨµθߣȫ߸ϡ
ҲһֲֵӣΪ˿˵ʥͳߡ
Ҳκңڣ޼ţڣִˡ
Ʒ˵ĿȻվֻһųˣ
ʱκҼݺһķ֣
ɫΪѿΪƷ׼һ޵Ȼȴ֣һȭ޻ϣʵ̫ˡ
˶һֲֵӣѵ֪Ҫǲ߲ɣ
ұΪмֵڿҲˣ
κҼߣһӰ˵ˡ
Ӱһʮģߣ߿ǼΪˣķȻȫһһŵĻ档
Щȼգȴ˺ֺ
Ҳ֪ʥ֮УСֹĵڤ
ʥ֮еһᶼǺаԵ±壬ɱ飬ħĹڤһħǾ춯ء
νڴǵϣȵЭ֮ǴԴܲģҵ֣Ҳ
κҼұߣһģӿˣһ£ƽһǿĽ죬Ϊ¡
ڵҲһ޵š
ԣһӺݵŮӣŮһ°׳ۣȴżɲϢС
˽֪ڵ
Աߣһ۵ӣӵǴż޼Ϣ뼸࿹⣬˿·磬޼
޼ԱһĽ˶ߣߺ׷ͯգžȣѪͬʢĿ£һ̽
ȻƷ֣ôǾ֣õˣ
ʱ̽˵
С£ʥΰǨǴ£
ʱ˶׷ͬ⣬ֽƷ֮·ŵһߡ
ȻһֱȵЭ̴ٿĵ죬ƷȻûκγֵļӰ
ȻҲ͵óһۣǾǳƷ϶ǲҳˣϾ֪ɽл£ƫɽеľⱾͷͬһ㡣
Ȼ֪ƷǲԸȦףǸĸͬϡ
Ʒֶѹң̸ܹУΪ֮ƣֻһ취ǾǽΨˣ
Ӵ˵Ҫ뽫ҲףҪʥصĸַп
ԭЭ̴ϻںƽƽٵƷ˶ûг֣ȻҲ޴̸
һʱ䣬Χƺһȥѳɴơ
ڳƷ֮ʥظĿִӳƷ׬˱˴˵ϣ˭ȰǨٵҪսȵȣĲɿ˭ԸԿڲҲͬǽֲ£á


1035 Ʒ֣˿ˣ
û˳ƷĿ⣬ʥڲֲ£Ǻܶ˴Ѫ𣬻á
ִ֮ʱһȻ
һΪͨҰ֮ߣҲ˶࿴һۡ
ȻΨһǰһһ毺ãŮǰϳ
һŮȷǷȻҲСС˼ҽ̵ģȻŮȴǰݳ
ûһǰ㲻Ըӡ
ܿɽͣͣһߣȻŮӶ溰ʦˣ
䣬һԼĪŶʮ£ݸ޳۵ꡣ
ڵôǸƽĿ֮Уܹоʥɽ֮ϣѪӿǿһ̶ȵı־
ֵطһа֮ҿһֻб˲ɢһ³
ŮǱˣǳƷĵֳء
һֱһεЭ̴Ὺʼ˺ü֮󣬳Ʒ٣ʵΪƷδԭƻһͻƵͨ۷塣
ڳƷǹȫƴתʼӴΪãɽͼĿռ֮УƷʯһһıƷɻɷĩ
ʱĿޣƷδͨ۷壬ȻҲѾˡ
ͻƾ磬ҲҪƹأֻҪת۵㹻ĵزȻȻľͿͻƵͨ۷塣
ٸϵʥɽʱ򣬳ƷҲѾβ׶ΣֻƬ̼ͻƵͨ۷塣
⼸֮У᲻Э̳ݣġ
Ϊ
Ʒȥʥɽ·Ƕһ㣬ֱȴεסƬص
ѹֻΪʥصʥɽ
˵ĵҲɽ˵ע⣬ϾʱŸոոϵȴࡣ
أڴʱһԶ
ض
һɫӰѸײڶ֮ƾ˵ǰ
һԼĪŶʮµŮӣһɫĳȹ毺ãپ£Ŀ֮мӢһŮӲͬ
㣡
Ůʱֳضʱϲĺ
ʲôʱصģ
ɫȹŮӼֳأ¶˼ϲЦݣոճûãһЭ̴֮ȥӳǿأô̷ûЭ̴Ӧ¸֮װɣ
ŮӵĻֳضʱЩ֪ôشֺʱֳ֧ƷͱܶΪ棬Ʒô
£ѲƷ˵
⵹ҲǳƷſڿӣʵֺȷʵæµţ׼ӳǨؽ硣
ǣŮӿƷ֮мɻ˵
㣬ʦΪƷʥ֮пν˺ֳһû˵Ʒ֡ʦұ㣬˼Ҵ̵ŮСҿɺˣʥ֮һɫ洫֮һδпܿͨأ
ţ
Ʒ˵ͷ˼ΪȷʵӦǶʮͷҲ࣬ȴѾأֻһӦþԿ۷塣
˵ȷʵ˲á
˵ƷҲòϣʥȷʵҪǿϺܶ࣬˵ҲǷչѣôͻͽһǧʥֲ֪˶ĴУվв࣬ҲԽˣԳƷŲһߵĶ档
˼ЩɵĿһ۳Ʒǵñչ֮ǰõϢ˵̷㽫ֳɻڣȴͻȻһļһ
ʱƷֻԼԼһЩ֮Уĸо಻쾳أҪĶࡣ
ΪһҲǺˣôʸԼõʦء
ôǱƭˡ
֪ǣܹ֪һЩĲǻΪƷΪ뵽˹ؼβĽ׶ΣŻһЩƲס
ǿҲоκĲ
˼·Ҳأֱ˵ãôѡһ쾳統ʦȻɻڸˣҪʦĻ츳ҲǿԵģʦҲڣʦҿ˼Ұһͨʦ
˼ֱڿ죬ҲƷֱӿڣȴֳؼòУ֪ʦΪֻһѰ߶ѡ
Ǻ֮ǰ˵ͬĻЩϲڵ˵³
һʦŭˣҪͷˡ


1036 ţʲô
ʦұ㲻ǹģֻǵΪҺöѣ
ֳæ˵
ƷֻǵһЦҡҡͷֲɵֵܹó˼ʹϲЩ˵ĲģǸһ¡
ʦûֳһʵǳƷǰħһ̬ʵ̫ˡ
һʥ֮һ¶Ҫ𶯵Լʦϣ߲оͱ
Ȼʶʱ䲻Ǹٹ̵ġ
ԳƷ˵а취ܹһЭ̴ϵˣֳؾͺԥĸŹˡ
ʮֽŵӣ˼ӲܾóƷ϶ƭԼıãȻԼıñӡ
ˣȻˣɣպã߸պҪٰһС۵ᣡ˼˵ڸĵӶǰμӣиŵĳϣǲμЭ̴ͬʱҲעС۵ᣬʱҿԸƼȥ
˼ûϨҪֳ½һʦ뷨
ȻĿ˿ƷˣƷҶ˵ʲôƴűֵΣգҲúݺݽѵѵ
УƷѾ׳ΪƭһˣؼǣƷʵ̫ˣԼ࣬ΪԼ
ʲôʸõʦҲǱӳƧû棬ŻὫһص߿ʲôʦ
ȴͬΪڵ洫ӣܹӴԶԶȱҪǿĶˡ
ֳСĿһ۳ƷƷûŵ˵ͷҲЩԾԾԵҪʶʶʥ֮ܳš
ЩŵĻᶼûС
һӴЩǡ
ͬˣ˼ʱֳص֣ȥ˵Ǻܶ궼ѵһĳأϾЩƽʱɢأʲôľۻᶼͬһεЭ̴ӽôͬʱ뵽
ʥһҲǸֱ֮أһĴʦ㣬Ҳ˵ɣ˼
Ҳ˵ֳضʱǰһ˵
ǵĴʦƽʱһֱڱչ֮УһΪЭ̴ҲԳˣ˵Ѿͨأ˼
ֳضʱʱڳƷߣûѧᣬȫѧ˷ֱЩ飬һ˵˵ܹͨǲ˲á
Ȼʦ˵ֻҪԼҲܹͨΪԼһʦ길׻˶پȴǿ۷壬ǿġ
ڵӴʦ֮⣬һĴʦֶˣڤӣڵ޼ŵſ񣬻κһϯӣκ޹г̵ĳӶ֣
һ֣˼¶ĳɫЩʥ֮ԺգȻһ˵һЩŵţÿһǿͨĴڣȷʵҲ㹻пɵʸˡ
ֳҲ֮
ͳƷֳ߲ͬرϾǴСЩԺյŵģδ棬Ѿۡ
ǿͨûʲô˲õģֻҪúҴڸĹͨ練ƣǳԽҲֻʱ⣡
һԳƷ˵
ҲȷʵûſڿӣȻֳؽֻļӣǵⱲյĵһӣڽ̵ֳϣƷ˿ûзɡ
ֳصʣڸһޱ칦һȻǻʼսϼصĹˣҲһǿǿĹܸ˻ʾĹҲ¼˻ʼս֮С
Ȼܸ˻ʾǲޱ칦ʵϣޱ칦ǿˣֱָʼҲڵ˲ʶڳŴ֮УֱָʼĹһÿһζȷѪ꣬ᡣ
ֳصʳϵķޱ칦ʸֳضʱͻƣڲµʱ䣬Ѿأɼһˡ
һŹֳؿͨȷʵʱ⣬δԽЩνţҲ練ơ
ôĿʥ֮еľǺεʲôҲҴԲѣŷ
أһſӲԶ˹ţһ󼱴ٵĽŲƷתͷȴһȺŮӵһɫ۵˹
һȺЦſųƷΪ׵ǸǸղſڵǸˡ
ҵҪǺηʥô񣡡


1037 ʲô飬ƨ
ɧܿ˳˵ע⣬˿ʱ򣬶ʱһ
ǲǵôôҲˣ
ɵĶԶһЩʥ֮еɲã˵ʥ֮ħĵһţʥ֮ħţҲ
ĵӸŰ裬Ը壬ɱˣҲ˸Ըǵӵĸԭ
Щ֮Уڵ֮ʢҪڵϯڤ֮ϣݴԸ壬ϲŭ޳ɱնݣǼҳ㷹һѡ
Ҫɱˣ
˾˵
ǿ˳ƷƷղŵĻҲкܶ˶Щ棬ƷǺηʥȻŶ
ǿѹʥ֮һţ˿ƥеĴڡ
ڴ˹ЦЦųƷСǺηʥҵҪ˭ô񣬸Ҳŷ
Ҳмֺ֮ɫϾҽűһĲֵ˿ɲࡣ
ǻƷ֣ģȴǷëǡ
˵ʲôƨ£
պյĴڣƷ񶼲
˶ʱɲڵպտɲΪԸ壬ϲŭ޳ҪʵȷʵҲʮǿʥ֮УҲǽŵ
ƷȻҵƣ˿ڷ

ɫʱûбôƲ
䣡
ڵϢ˲䱬ը˿ֲϢ𣬼Ҫסգֱӳ嵽۷壬Ȼһͨ
ʲôھȻҲѾͨˣ
˶ʱʥ֮УͨҲһǵɷ
һ֮Уκһͨ飬һͿͨ߸ϣҲϰˡ
ǳ֮⣬ƺ۷޷ȥû뵽ڲľͿͨ
ѹ¸Ű裬һͨΪǵʲôϹҲÿڵϣҶΡ
ߣ
Цһ¶˼ζ飬ƷѾǸˣ˫˸ѪĹâ
ۿžҪ֣Ʒ֮Ҳ־âֱӽڴɱ
ڵѪ֮أҲ֪Űɱ˶ˣɱΪ֣ɱ˿ħΪ֮У㹻ǹʮˡ
֮УаҲҪ޼ɵ
㶯֮ʣԭһֱ䲻ȵ˼ȴҧһվڵǰȵڣڵĿˣʲô
޼ɵĿһ˼´һۣ˼ֻоȫ漴Цһԭ˼һˮƽϡ
ͨǾɷ֮
˼ֻһеٮٮߣȴɱһЩеŵţ˭ҽ᣿
˼Ȱ㻹ǹɣƾ㣬ʸ˵Цſ˼漴Ŀȴ˳Ʒֳصϣһת֮а֮ɫ
ڣǵĴʦ˵𣿡˼ȵ
ᵽӣڶʱһƺ뵽ʲô˼֣˵˼ҽӣǼסˣҿܻܲסһӣ
ڵͳ䣬岻ɵ΢΢һ
ֳأǸоȫëɵö㵽˳Ʒ󣬶ڵĿ⡣
˵תﳤȥ
˼Ҳɵ΢΢һȻתųƷ˵Ҿ㣬ΪʲôطǵΪǵΪ㲻ʲôҪǿضϣҹ
ǳ鷳ĳƷ˼ûʲôøУǺǵģǰ˴ʦ㣬ôܽߡ
֮ԻӴʦҲΪ֪ڲûдӵ⣬ȴӴļΪңһ֮ŵѡ
ڿȷʵûȷʵ¡
ΪƷԼһΪŸ޼ɵ
ضʱ͸ңǸֶΣȻˣǱֻˣ˼˵
˵Щ˼Ҳö˵ʲôֱžۼȥ
ֳں濴˼ֿ˿ƷЩΪѡ
Ʒ΢΢һЦ˼ȣ˵Ҳ
漴Ʒֳأȥ


1038 ȻҾͳȫˣ
ųƷֳظ˼һ·ۼ֮УԽУҲԽ࣬ĵش֪ʲôʱ򣬱ٳһ޴ĿյأڿյصܣΧ۳һѣڵһС۵Ŀʼ
ڳУѾһ߳Ӱ˵Ŀ⡣
Ʒ˺ܿ˿յصıԵϣʱѾˡ
ʥɽ֮ϵЭ̴˵˴󲿷ֶûʸȥʥصȨ֮ۡ
ڣĿδʥȨ֮ۡ
ʱڳߵҲͬ۷׷ס
ǸµľڵɣȻһΪ춯أԶԶĶܹо޴ѹ
ڵӣȻͬһɣܵһ޺ˣ
ҪǽһεЭ̴ᣬֻô֮ŲڴˣǸ޼ŵſɣſŲ
г̵ĳӣڤӣҪǣκκ޹Ҳ
Ҳô˵ǰ˳֮ͱһأû뵽ܼ
ȻģκΪһЭ̴ķˣκ޹ȻҪ֣
۷׷ףеŸ۵ľԽ㡣
ƷҲ֣ƺ֮Уκ޹ΪԵĺģѷκ޹Ϊƺ֮ϡ
λѾȷһʱˣ۵ĽǣһΣǷκ޹ս
˶֪žʥһ֮еٮٮߣ˭ۣܳһʥصһ֡
Ҳһʵ
ܿ죬Ʒ͸оԼ˱һĿĶס˳Ŀ⿴ȥȴһ֮ϣĶס˳Ʒ
㣬С۵ᣬǴ۵ôֳСĵʵ
ȻܻǴ۵ˣ˼˵Ǽʥصٮٮߣ֮ҪֳʤĻ϶ǹ˵˵ģȻҪһϸ£
ֳһҲԣÿһĴжͬ⿿˵Ҳ˵ˡ
Щ֮ӣ˼˿ƷƺҪóƷףֻǾ֮ܶѡ
Щ˹ֻƾܹףǺЩ֮Ĳֱ࣬һ㡣
Ʒ΢΢һЦ˼˼ȴҲ
˼Ʒһ˵ҪзӦǾ˵ӣɵú޵ҧгݡ
λ֣ѵһãС۵ᣬᣬҲϣλһ
ڳУκ޹ȿ˵λλãٲȻ˵Ľ㣬˵˵ģôĵġ
κ޹˵֮󣬱־ֱ˳Уһκҵĸ֣һǵ֡
˵ΪѾ۷壬һһ̧㣬Ī̮漫Ϊˡ
ֳһԿţʱΪ̾˵
ƷҲ棬ȻֵһᣬǵͣҲʮѣѾ۷壬֮УǱš
ĵʦ۷ʱҲѾʮˣɴ˿ɼȻҲ˺ܶĸ֣۷ĸҲܶ࣬ΪƵĹϵټ˿ۻѻģֻ۳ֵıĻôҪ˵͵͵Ķˡ
ᳬǵģûʲôƷ˵
˼ʱˣţƣƷԼֻأȻⳡеĸ֡
սգ˼³ڳŵڱҲסˡ
ֱֱ³ҡҡָųƷ˵ιҲұȻȻѵ˵㻹ҪһŮ˵ô
˶˳ƷЩ棬˾ʲôˣڵĺպڳûҲŹġ
ΪҲ˵֮µһȵȴȻһ˿ʶս
ǳţҲЩĿ˳ƷƷȴһ΢İס
κ޹üͷ֣ԼȻûа취ȫ͸ƷһҲûôʵֻǾЩ졣
ڣʲôѵ黹Ҫûûô˼ʱȵ
˼һܱһôʱץסһҪãܣ
Ц˵֮ɱ⡣
ȻҾͳȫˣƷ󲽿˳ȥ˵


1039 ɱ
Ʒ̤˳ȥֱ̤˳С
ãʹ죬ҵ뿴ܹŵʲôʱ򣬵ȫͷʱҵҪ㻹ܲôӲ
֮ɱ⡣
ι˼æ˵
ƷôððʧʧĳȥʱΪż
ǳƷΪ˼æֳأ˵ضϽȰȰ
㣬İɣʦǿģֳץס˼С֣ο˵
ʲôǿضڿɲӳֵطţǿģ˵̷Ҳһ֮У˼æ˵ΪֳظҲûмʲôĸ֡
ӳƧطڡ
ڿɲּܱȵģͨĴʥ֮жǿ֮Ĵڡ
İɣ㣬֪ģʦǿģһ϶ʦĶ֣
ֳ˵
ڤӣǵ˼ںôҲѾͨȻȥսһС䣿ʱڤԱߣ˵
ߣʲô飬ʲôϵ
ڤ˵ڵĹϵɲãľ֣Щʱ˻ξν֡
ڤʸӳڣĲӱ׽˦
ҲѾͨºͬһ󾳽֮УȻʲôɫ
ƺ̫ӣֱӿ˵ǴԼ֪ɣһﻹ˵Ÿʲôأ
ʱ˶Ȼˣ֮ǰǶ֣ΪˣٿƷʱͳŵ⡣
Ǳ߸ϣ²ؼţʱҲü˳ƷƷҿǣʮŭǳ񣬻δ˵ǡ
˵ģ
Ʒ˵Ȼ˵ڣǱûʲôɳϵġ
˲仩ȻˣҽŶĸɽģ֪ߵغ
ˣˣ
˼ƷѾˡ
ҵ飬ƨ£˵ҪɱңǿͽܱϣΪ㻹վ˵ôƷĿ˵
˵Ŀ⣬ں
ǹģ
ӿųƷ˵
ȷʵе˼ҽſ񣬶˵ҿڿһһ񰡣
ſ񻺻˵
ãããҿô
ĿųƷ
䣬ھѾˣֱӷ˸߿գпֲϢ˳һڤֱȼ˿ǵĻ棬˵ĹܹĻ档
䣡
һ˲䣬Щһ㣬ųƷȥ
һ֣ҪƷ֮˸żַ֮ɫŰԸһ˲ȫ˳
ã
ʱһԵ˼ѾżҪǸǰͨ۷Ĳʵ̫ˡ
ǰһ֡
˶ڵĳָˣǺܶ˻Ϊֻ۷ѣһֱѾͨʵԶѰ
ΨֳʮֵųƷʱ䣬ʶ̫̫ˣԶⳡ滹ĶʶˣȻҲͲʲôˡ
ƷǵһЦָצȻһץµĻ棬ֱӾͱһצץޡ
Ʒһ֣ʱˣԭνŶʱ׷ǰһƷһ֣ǲͬ졣
ڣԺգ˵˵ãȴֻӵʵ̫ʧˣ
Ʒһ˵
ʱڵɫˣȻԸŰ裬ȴɵȻóƷֻҲʲô֮
ˣҲѡȫķȫ۵һ㣬ʱ֮лһڻ泤һڻ泤ʱֱնط·𶼱ն룬˺˿
ƷȻǼ򵥵ľôһץһնĻ泤㱻ץУҲֻһ
䣡
泤ձ˿
Ҳˣ濴ҵˣ
Ʒ˵Ȼָȭֱһȭֲȭպɨ˰գ˲ͺڡ
һȭɨٶֺֿݣ쵽Ѱĳ̶ȣֻһ˲䣬ھͱУһҽУը˿ֱӲ
һз̫죬ֻƬ֮ѣǸղŻһҪģڣô˳Ʒϡ
ȫһƬһļž׵׵Ŀɵˣһͨĸֱɱ
öǿ


1040 ̫дˣʵ
һȭɱڣʱһը˹ˣ
һļž֮˶ˣ
˶ɵ۵ĿųƷ
ڵΪȻǿ󣬿ͨʥܹɱкܶ࣬Ȼȴһֱңڡ
ӵ⣬Ҳֻնһֱۣˡ
Ϊڵıһʥ֮жպħţ˭Ҳĺ档
ȻƷȴͬνĵԼҲʲôˡ
Ȼɱڣ˼Ѿеɵˣһȫŵģ
ԭΪƷΪҲһصΪѣȻڳƷһ֣֪ƷΪȻ˾ˣͨǰһ
ʱ֪˵ʦʲô
ڿ治һˣֱˡ
޵еţҲɱڰɡ
ٿ˿ֳأȻֳȫһӦӣȻҲǼֲˡ
˼ʱ΢΢ͨ죬ͻȻԼ֮ǰΪֱСһҪһõʦⲻ֪Ʒ˵á
ͬʱҲ𺳣ƷͲ࣬ôôֲ
ܿżƽʱҲˣڣһãƽʱϺŵǿ߶
ǳƷΪΪ˵ãţĸɲʲôΪţվͻᣬδɳ
ٿеĳƷû˿õ˼ʱѾоΪ²ֵܹˡ
ڣ£ڤӴԼλվȻ֮ĹϵãȻƷΪڵ
ôĵӣȻɱҵĵӣ
ڤһȣȺɽ
˵ĿҲ˳Ʒʱ˾óƷǲҲ˾óƷʸˡ
ɱ˱ɱˣΣƷЦһڤӡ
ˣȻ˴ɱ׼ɱһĵӣʲô
Ȼٵˣ֮УҲһ֪ͨӳǵĹϵȻ޷̽ϸǴ֪ġ
֮Уļȷ棬κң𣬻ڣŹȻҲû뷨ֻûôǿӲˡ
ڳƷ˵Ѿˣ˭ǵˣ˭ѣҪ⡣
Ϊ֪˵̬ȣֲŻ˼ɡ
ôĵӣ
ڤ˵Ϊɱһڱܹ˲ɣ
ʲôһѣƷЦһڤӣҿҲʥشˣ֮ܣ˵ˣʦڤҶϣ
Ʒڣȴʼͨ۷塣
ţʱڤӺʲô֣ƷȻ˳л
ôĵӣʱﻹͻôڤһȣ˵Ŀ¾۽˳Ʒϡ
ʱҲһ㣬ΪƷŲϽӽĳɹϵϢҲ𽥵ǿ
ҲˣƷͻء
˼ΪʲôƷ֮ǰôˣԭͻˣѹֿϢôȶˡ
һһ
̵ĳӶʱǰ
ȷʵмֱµӣڳͻƻ̫дˣҶô
޼ſʱҲ
ڤӲ֪Ʒͻʲô磬Ҳ֪õͻϮĻᣬħûκԥ˲ˡ
ڤȼնһ˲ͽ񷶼ȼˣγһƬơ
һƬƣ˲ͳųƷȥ
ڤӲ֮һһڤ֮ͨеĳ϶˿ˣ
ʱһԵκ޹˵ڤӵʵ
ڳ֮У֮һĸҲֻǺڤΪ࣬ûʸۣΨκ޹֮ͬϡ
˾ǿҲ
κ޹ֻƲһ۳Ʒ
ҲһݣƷһˣҲǣʱͼͻǲѰ·ʲô
С
ƷҲָͬצץ˹ȥɲǼͽƬƸ˺˿
˵ûиǻᣬκ޹ǿһϣ˷ʱˣ
Ʒ˵
ʱκ޹ɫűˣ֮ǰ˵õȫͬƷʵԶѰǿ
㾿ʲôˣ


1041 ɱˣǿθˣ
κ޹һȣ˵עҲеϣƷҪսκ޹ڤӺȻʱ⣬϶Ԥı˱ض֮
ʵϣκ޹ʱŷ֣ĳƷݣģģģƫƫ֮ǰûע⵽
ףֻһֿܣǾǳƷԸķŤĻ棬Żῴˡ
ҲζţƷΪ֮ܿϣܹӵĵز
ʱ
Ա߲ԶҲΪƷҪս
ĴΧ£ҪץңѵڿˣȴʶôƷЦһҲⷨŤ沿Ļ棬ʱ˲ſò
Ȼ˶֪Ʒݣڳ඼Ǹĸ߲㣬кܶһϳ˳Ʒݡ
ƷǳƷ˾ʱһƬȻ
ʱ䣬Э̴ĿĽ֮⣬һǳƷ
ֻ⼸Ʒһֱûг֣𽥵ҲˣΪǿƷܿܲٳˡ
˭֪˶ΪƷ϶ֵʱ򣬳Ʒôֱӳˡ
ˣ˶˲仩Ȼ
ʱڤҲãҲãκ޹Ҳã˱ƷֱӵʱһֺëĸоΪǶĸ߲㣬֪ԶԶһ˸ࡣ
Ƕ֪ƷնɱκҴϡ
κҴϵʵȻԶԶǸǿ
ȻôǿκҴϾ˳Ʒ͸˵һЩˡ
ǿκҲڸƷʵóȻǰҳƷ鷳
뵽Щ˶ʱֻúë·һͷ޸һ
˵ˣûбƷ㵽ֵſӣгҲͬоë
ȻƷûֱӵǣǿͬҲվڳƷĶ档
ǲһֱôҾˣ
ƷЦһ
κ޹ȻһӻعˣΪʲôƷˣȻҲڴ׼ԸƷ
ڼȻˣ϶ǵ鷳
ãߣ
ڤӶʱʶ˲ãĵһӦҪߡ
ߵķ򣬾ɽ֮ϣǸڵĵط
ֻҪ̵ܶʱ䣬Ϳֱӳɽ֮ϡ
䣡ڤϱǿĻ棬˲ͲȳһâҪߡ
ڲҪߣƷЦһ֮һץһץһһì
ݣ
ìֱ˺ѿ֮ϣֱӱڤӶȥ
ڤ̾͸֪ìѸײڶ֮ɱ˹ʱΪ
ƷߵĻᣬҲֻתͷʱȫķֱӺɨһìϡ
䣡
ìһ˲ͶĻ棬ֱӺɨڤӼһҽУͱ˱ɽ֮ϣϵİҽС
һڤӾѾûֱӲ
Ʒì֮󣬿֪
ڤѾͨͨأΪ֮ͨжˣεǿ
ȻȴһìɱǺεȾˣ
κ޹˶һɫڤӵǰ֮ﻹߣһ߾ǽ󱳽Ʒ
Ľһ̾Ѿ˾ʱ䣬Ǹŵĳʥɽ֮ϲμЭ̴ᣬôĶܿͻᾪǡ
׼ȷ˵ӦþϾͻᾪǣֻҪ΢һСεʱͿˡ
ȫķҲȫȼڳƷܹնɱκҴϵǿǰֻʱ䶼Ƿǳѵ顣
˴ȫԸԹأɲǼ䣬ĳͳˣϣ˲˺ѿһĽââɨϰɵĹâ˺ѳգֱӳųƷɱ˹ȥ
ȡʱ䣬κ޹Աߴ֡
ΪҲڤӣڳƷ˵ûκô
ƷֻһָʱһӾ˵Ľ罦ֱγһϰɳĽâһննĽâ
ôܣ
ţԼȫնһȻκβóƷ
ǳƷûиӦʱ䣬һͷն
ͣ
ӦֱӾͱһնջһѪ
һд֣ٵɱҲƬ̼ĹһоѾˡ
ȫһļž


1042 
Ʒٶ̫ˣ쵽˶ûüӦ
˵֮ǰƷնɱڤӵʱ򣬻˵ڤӽ󱳱¶˳Ʒ⧲ŻᱻƷìɽ֮ϡ
ǺͳƷӲӲʱ򣬱һնɱģ˫ĲһĿȻ
ôôǿ
ԶԶģ˼һĻеɵˣν飬û뵽ƷȻôǿ󣬼Ȼһĸо
˼κ޹ҲûȻ֪Լ˲޵еģԼʵҲţԼҵļѾʥضĸҲܾô򵥵һ͸ɱˡ
ͬҲ֤ƷʵҲѾﵽһǷ켫ĵز֮ǰûóȻȥҳƷ鷳֮ǰм֮кܶɣڿʵȷûˡ
ӣӣſԭڿϷæһ˲˳ǧ֮⣬ﻹ￴ϷֻԶԶĶܿ
˭֪Ʒɱˣһɱһɱˣ˭ȥ
жʱֻþֻ֣оƷ࣬ƤĹһϵķҲ޾һ㣬޷⡣
֮ǰǻóƷͻƣпһĺûᣬȻһŷǵ뷨жô
˳Ʒزĸ֣ܹġ
˴𺳵ĳƷԼȴûжĸоնɱڤӺҲֻ˳ֶѣǲսԼǾϺԼҲвˣͬһϵĴڡ
ƷĿ⿴κ޹ϵʱκ޹ʱо׹ߣһƬһ㡣
ƷѵҪʥΪôκ޹һͼֹסƷҲҪȡʱ䡣
ʥΪУƾǣҲʥôܴΣƷЦһ˵Ҫ飬˸ҵң˳߲
Ʒ仰ʱȫ˵ƶΪ֮ᣬ˳߲ǺεȰܹ˵Ļ
ȻƫƫֵǣѰˣֻǳƷ˵Ļȴȷˣû˾ʲôúġ
ʥؿ⣬㲻к³ģ
κ޹ȵܴڷƶ֮£ʥɽõȡʱ䣬Ҳɽ֮ϵļ֡
ձΪĻᣬȴҪΪɥ֮ء
Ʒ΢΢һЦΪѾκ޹ĴˣȻκ޹ʱء
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ʱǿͨϢڷٵĴɽ֮ϷӶ¡
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Цݻδȴ֣֪ʲôʱ򣬳ƷѾǰƷֱ̯˴֣Ȼ͵һӳκ޹˹ȥ
κ޹ʱʧɫƷʲôʱֵĶ֪ʱҲֻƴˣѾϣΨս
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˵ʾˣδͨ۷Ҳǿڵġ
ڣȴ˿ǣƷͱСĶ࣬ʵȴ֮ϡ
κ޹һڳץȫɢŵĽ⣬ķ۶Ȼһ˵ĵââɨһ˲ͺ˳Ʒ
ǳƷޱ飬һֱ
أ
һâˣؼΪ̵ĴһһһıѿһӻĹ⻪ɢ˿
ʱ򣬳ƷһЦ浽ˣ
ƷָȭȭȫȫȻѸײڶ֮ƺ
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һȭȳɫ䣬·ؼһеɫһȭᡣ
˶о۽磬·ˣҲͷһ֪ȭ£Ȼôµ
һȭʥɽԿرɫ˶ܹоͣ顣
һȭʵ죬ɲǼ䣬Ѿκ޹ȻѾͨأǺͳƷȣ̫ԶˣҲûֵ
һҽУͱУ
أ
κ޹պ䱬һѪը
һ˵ʵֻ֮ѣʱոշӰſɽ֮ϸŭɫƷŰΧס


1043 ѣս
һӰƷΧסÿһӰǿϢ
Ʒȥʱ֮ϣͨĸ֣ǵϢһƬա
Ϊ׵֮ϣǵϢܹΪ֮ɫһ㡣
ƷҲ֪ʥصף֮
Щ˵УͨΧ룬Ʒɫġ
ʱѾûκأЩ֮Ҳڵһʱϳ
֮ǰ˵ֵĳƷ
ڳƷǵˣɱ䡣
κҼڤɫѿ
żõĺ󱲣˵ǽӰˣˡ
ʮѪһʵôܹҵĵġ
ưʥأԴ˵ȱʵſǼΪѵõġ
Ҽ֮ǰĵƷˣҪ֯һ֧˭֪ƷӺ׵ıˡ
Ʒ㻹ҳ֣
κҼҪֻоĸζʹڳƷҰ֮пʼκҾǰŸָʧ
ֻ֮ǰеʧûĴһǵ¶սһκҵδʧʹ顣
ʲôҳֵģƷ˵ǲǻҪ֯ôѾˣʡ鷳ˣô
ãããõǣҾͳȫ㣡
ãɫȴǼΪѿġ
˶ƷΧסƷǿ֮ʣµļˣ֮⣬Ҳ㶯ô
Ʒϲɫ֮ȴɱݺᣬʥɽ֮Ͼۼĸ֣˵ȫҲۼʥ֮ųϵĸ֡
ͨĸ֣˵ֱѹ
ֵĻ϶ûа취ʥȡ
ôӴһΪãƷҲԲվĶȥ
´ɱҲϧ
ʱĳƷޱȣｫʥظ߲һ򾡣ҲԲһվĶȥ
ǲûô룡ʱ޼ţ̣ڵæ˵ҺһЩ
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οڳƷȻһȻôöԸѾˡ
֮Ѿ˲ԳƷսʱҲͷֳӪµĸַ׷׶˵һߣԸ
ڤκҼʱҲ¶˲飬κβֻա
ûļ룬ԤϵҪһЩҲֻһЩѡ
˳֮󣬵κңԼ丽ǽƷΧס
ٶλͨĸһߣǵϵķȻһ˲ӳһߣǵ󣬶һķЩǵӵһ
ǵصƳɱɱ
κҼĿųƷⱾ׼ԸƷֶΣ֮ǰƷնɱκҴϣɵ֣׼롣
˵ķһߣʵȫκҼڤˣ˵ʵҲͬﵽһֲĵز
˵ʵҲױ˳һѾͨ۷壬ڸǲǣΪ¡
һһдֵʵΧƷһˣֶοǿ¡
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κҼһأ֮Уͳһֻ޴֣һֻƾղȻ͵һӳųƷ
һֻ޴ʱ񷶼̮ˣ濴ޱȿֲ
ʱ˵ɫˣڣ̺޼ŵʱɫҲ䣬κҼڵƵ̫ˡ
ԶԶȻǼֶ֮αͺ˾̾ˡ
·˼ֳԶԶĶ㿪˶ڷĳԶȥͨսĲܽοͨ۷ĸֵս±ɨһӣֻǶһ
ʦ
ʱֳضом־ڸ߿֮ϷЩ֣һܹġ
Ʒһȣָȭֱһȭȭ
䣡һֻձ䱬ǸĴֳųƷ˹


1044 ͨ۷壬ս
ԽԽĴֳߺ
ƷκδϢĻᡣ
ƷȻҲǵ֮Ȼܱ׺ɱ
ʵƷҲѾͨ۷磬ȻҲܹ׵ɱѾͨصκҴϡ
κҼڤˣκһ˶Ѿͨ۷壬ټļӳɣһ̶ϻȡٶͨΪá
ԭʵĻϣһ
ǳƷĹҲʼĳָĹȫȫҪƷû
Ȼ£Ʒ˿ָĹȥ
䣡
䣡
䣡
ֲָıըըγɵıըನƷû˽ȥ
ƷӰֻżһһĽɫӰκҼڤĮĲϳֵľ
ʥɽ𶯣ھҵĶɳʯĩһĳ
Ĺֱȸִ޼ʵըҪ
ԶĿֲ绹ǽ˴ʮܣͿҪˡ
Ʒˣ
ʱܹڵģҲ޼г̽ˣҲǵһο󷨻ȫӡ
ʵϣƷֵܹڣѾǵ֮ˣǻ˰ţֻûпֵܼϵġ
ֵܹھѾܲˣܺٶͨƴҪʱ޼Ҳ˵
֮ǰ˵ʵ̫ƷˣȻǿبδţͱϾ̫ˣѨ
̽Ҳп˵
ֶ岻óƷΪƷİֻʱ⣬ܿҲʹʥɽ֮ϵֵĶУǵУƷҲܹôһʱˡ
Ȼʱƣǽ˲ԣΪǿӦǼֲ˶ʱĳƷȴĪļȻڸֲֿıը͹֮УûͣЪʱ򣬵һ㶼ûа˼
ڤκҼĹܹ֮ԣȻ·磬ֵĹ䵽ϣȴ޷˺ĵ
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ʱµҲڸǲס֮ɫǣǿ֮£ҲѾˣҲΪʲôǻ˼ɵԭ
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ʱ޼ͻȻ˵
ʱ˶ڷ֣ڿը֮УƷϢǵûб෴ģ𽥵ıǿǷǻɵĹһ
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κҼϸһȻƷȻÿʱÿ̱ǿγһ޴ĺڶǵĹϵɽ֮С
ŻޱȵľҪ֪ǵĹȻɲɽȥǲѰ·ô
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ôģٵˣȫԸŪ
ʱڤһȫķʱȫ³ڤĻ棬Щ滯һڤųƷɱȥ
κҼҲͬץ˳ȫݵ˼£һնѡ
һâӭǣնأֱƷ
ز֮ѾҪȽƷɱ˵֡
˵ʵѾﵽѰͨ۷壬ڴļӳ֮£ǳԽѰͨ۷壬ﵽһֲ˼ĵزֻһܹһһ㡣
ʦСģ
ʱֳضɵÿ˵
ǧһʱ򣬳ƷϵϢҲڴﵽ˼£һ忪˱ըನ
Ҳͻƣͨ۷壬սֱӳԽѰͨ۷塣


1045 ˵ϴ
ƷֺĥһתЩ񱩵һɣϵĳͨ۷塣
˶ΪƷӭս˭뵽ƷǵΪá
ڸһͻƵͨ۷壬ͨصʱսѾѰͨ۷壬ڸ޵С
ܹо̤һڵķһֹʵˣΪֲ
ûͻ֮ǰԼڵ־ͻܣһϵĴڡ
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ҪˣκҼ¶˼ϲ֮ɫ֪ƷУǾͲֻǼɵˣЩ־壬ϾƷϵıֲսϵĳԤϡ
ȻЦڻϣΪ֣ȫЩ֮󣬳Ʒ˿δ
ͻƵͨ۷֮󣬳ƷĻʼսһγһ֮ɵսףЩƳƷս׶
ƷϢڲϵﵽһ׵ĵز
ôܣϢôôǿ󣡡
ʱ̽޼Ҳɫˡ
˵Ʒ֮ǰǿǿķΧ֮ڵĻôڳƷȻƣȫȫЩͨͨ۷֮ϣԴӳֵκҼڤˣҲǺѷɫһ
ǹƾԼͻƾӵĵزκҼƾŴֵͨļӳֲܹĵز˫ͲһϵĴڡ
ѵа취ʱ̽𺳣ŵ˵
ܵİɣ
޼ò˼顣
ǴʱƷȷʵѾǿһ£ܹͨĸֶţ˿·硣
ƴˣһ˾ǿҲܺᲢۣ
κҼҧһ˵
ҾͲźĲ߰ѳ˳ϵתγԽԽǿԽԽֲĽ
ΪܹʲôӰôƷЦ˵Щ̣ʲôˣʵǲǿôΪܹھǿ
ʱƷĻκҼ˸оãһǿҲĸоָоǵУƽʱǷǳԼĵС
ǳƷֳȴûôΣԣǿ·硣
أʱ򣬳ƷóһЯʽĻͲ
װŵģʣǳƷ׼ɱĺ˵ˡ
ҲֻǳƷ׼ĵƣҪˡ
˵װǺ˵κҼ̾ͷӦ˹ˣҪôܻ᲻˽Ĵɱء
ȻർԽԽܶѷɫڵĺ˵ɱЩ˵
ɫһӱˣЩͨĸ֣Ȼ˽Щ޷ġ
˵ȻҲףͨʲôܹ漣ˣԽ׵ǶûãôֱһУôľͨҲ
һ˵ǵǲ£ǴԶԶ̺ĺ˵Ƿӳ죬㹻ʱߣ౻ನɨУֱеĿԺС
ǽĻɲǼҲԷӦǸɱƫƫƷʵĿãǶʱܹ˵ġ
ˣˣ
κҼһףΪʲôƷҪôôľ룬ƷԼҲһ϶ᱻ˵ֱУ£Ҳܲ
ȻʱȻѾûжʱȥˡ
Զսĸֶһ˵ٶȷӴܶȥ˵Ҳ֪ġ
ЩûӦôµˣڿ֮Ҳһˡ
ƷЦһһö˵һΣƷѡĿɲС͵սͺ˵ǵֺ˵ΧҪĶˡ
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һĢڶ𣬶ʱһС̫ƾճһ㣬ǲһУеһг׵׵û˽ȥʥɽҵĲһ˲ͱըĿһûˡ


1046 ˵֮һ
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ʥɽھҵĲ˱ɵĿֲҲڵһչʥ֮УЩ߲㶼Ź˵飬Իͨ
ȴͷһΡ
Զ˵˰ȫش̽޼϶¶𺳵顣
ǹɨ˹εۣȴˣͨĸֻҪǱУһ㶼ֱڱըΧڱɨУһشܻ˲ζ
սĺ˵ôһžµϣھ֮ɫ
̽һڿˮȻ˵ûˣ˵ĺҲΪ˲ͬΣͬΧģӦսõս˵ˣ
Ȼֱͨը֮һһô޼˵
죬Ȼ֪ԶһҪ֪࣬˵֪˵֮Ҳзֱͨ˵ս˵Ҳͬ
һ߲ϵӺ˵һҲǲϵĽСͻŬǺ˵Сú˵ķΧһķΧ֮ڣܹսϵսʹá
һö˵ȻӦ͵ս˵
ֲֿ㿴Ŷõ֮ǰսʱǾѾ˵㹻ԶǶҪȥ
ֻǱ˵ըɨһ£ǹǺ
죬ЩͨĸҲɵˣΪܹͬоֱеĻǿһ
ÿ£ǾǺ˵ô
ʱ˵˵һĥӡ󣬻ǵĻܻȻ˵˵ɨǸǷΧĺ˵֮ǰͻǿҵĸӦ
ǲɷϵǣȷʵӵ˸ǵĿֲ
ӣǷӣⲻܾô
˶ɵˣóƷˣôľ˵ԼҲһ
ʦ
ֳرݽҧ´ۿųƷαȫûˡ
òףҵıըƽϢʱըĵٶͨʱȻѾȫٶͨĸ֣ȻֻʣڤκҼĴڡ
ֻǺͱը֮ǰԵޱȵǱ
꣬꣬ꡱ
˲ϴŴϵ·ƲޱȵĲңǵϣһ⣬һףǴʱһҲѾײƲˡ
Ϊ֮ǵĵȻѰܹͨᲢ۵ġ
϶洫ıףֱ׶ƷʼߵķҲƷʼߵıףڹؼʱһ
ȻǶ̶̵ʱ䣬˹ҲһӴܳһףֱӱըģűҲֱӱɱ
һö˵Ͼֻս˵רǵĺ˵ִͺ˵ƷҪ뵥ǹƥĴԼ䣬ǻܣ˵һ˵ȥʣµһͨĸҲһ𱻸
ʥɽһƬ֮ڣ׻ᱻ˵ƽݲ
Ȼֻս˵Ƕڴδ˵ʥ˵ޱ𺳵ġ
ֲĩһ㣡
ôͬǰЩͨĸֻҪСһЩҲױЩ˵
µҽǻѰ·ˣڱȽϹϵսʽʥؾԲĶ֡
ʱǲŷ֣֮ǰ뷨̫뵱Ȼˣֻע⵽ֲͨࡣ
ȴû뵽Ĵɱ
ⲢΨһƣšһ˵ʥԼڲ߲
ϧˣҼ츳ˣȴˣҪͬھ
ʧɫ˵
ϧǣΪʲôû֮ܽҲɱˣѾزˣֱӺɱôʣµȻҲᱻ̵ʵ

κҼȻûҲشۣһҹ֮䣬µĻȫû
κҵͨȫûͬκҵĸҲͬˡ
ûͨκʲô³뵽е㲻
ڤɫҲޱȵ࣬ô֮ǰȫȫһΪƷһ
Ȼȴû뵽ƷһͻȻɱԵֶΡ
ڳƷˣǼŭ˼£ҲҲй
Ȼûһеģż־ȵһ۵Ӱ˰֮С


1047 һɱһһ˫ɱһ˫
ʥɽһӰ˶׷׵ɴ۾ûΪԼϹˣǿʲôǾȻ˳Ʒ
Ʒǵں˱֮дҪǣһ㶼ûκҼڤǰǱȫȫ˳Ⱦģ
˱֮ǰʲôӣڱʲôӡ
ôܣ
κҼʱɴ۾鶼סˣ˵ɵˣΪƷѾˣȻôĴۣǺô˵һ
˭룬ƷȻû
ǵûһһĺܺõӣѹûб˱Ӱ쵽
˵κҼˣ̽޼˶һɵ۵ģ
Ǻ˱Χܹоǿֲ¶ȣǿֲƻûֵܹ˲Ŷԡ
Ϊˣ˲ŻΪƷѾˡ
ʦ̫ˣ̫ˣ
ֳظ˵ֱΪƷѾˣɲǼ䣬һ˲䣬Ժ֮࣬Ժ֮ȫƷӰ⡣
ڱΪѾĳƷȴֻ֣˶̶Ƭ֮ѣȴ·һ͡
Ʒ˰֮У¶ɺܸߣ·ƬһըನŰΪ˵ѾӰˡ
ЩĿ˲ӳκҼڤˣܵ죬Ȼû
漴ͿϲƵıףʱҲˣӦǹؼʱԱ׵סıը
Ҳõĺ˵ӳըģһ
ҲǱߣңңˣΪһףҲӲըģһ·һ
Ҳʧɫģ¶˼Цݣú˵ĸĿģȻΪһͨ۷֮ʵҲԿ
Ǻԥļ˺˵Ҫ滹ûвֵڣ̺޼ţľ֣ͬʱҲҪֶΡ
ͬھ˼ȫǺ˵дϴأٶٿ죬ҲӵùܹսĿֲϴ
Ĳ࣬Ψˣпܽշķڷ
ڿЧȷʵȺ˶ɵˣԭֻֽϵĺ˵ݣͻȻһӱըǵǰͻȻףжôĽ
֮ǰеСϾѾûˡ
ͨһεĺ˱Ѿ״ﵽЧˣ֮ǰֱһЦ
Ҫϲ·ߣͨϲȻҲܣΪгƷ򣬲ǵóѡ
ô˱ģ
Ժ֮жͷƷӣ϶ӲģҲܹͨӲסֵȼıը
ǾͿ϶Ƕȥģôȥģ
ˣռװ
޼һӷ·뵽ʲôһ̾ͺ
˶ˣƷϿ϶ܹ˵ĿռװǼʥĵҲûеֶΰ
ʥ֮пռװܶ࣬ǶֻܷһЩǷŲȥģ͸˵Լ˽ȥˡ
ֻ˵ռװļѾߵ˲˼ĵزˡ
˵֮ж̰ɫϾָֻƷֻ쾳类ǷֵĻǿ϶Ͷˡ
ڳƷܹɱǵĿֲ֣ͷ
֮˲ףΪʲôƷҺ޹˼ɵľͳ˵ˣΪаٷְٵİܹȥ
СǿôƷЦſ˵
Ʒ¾ѵͲʥصĹ𣿡һʥɽˣϣͨĸֿϳǡ
˶۹۱Ǳǹģ˶װɵ֮ǰԸվοڳƷչֳ˿ֲɱ¾ֶ֮󣬾͸ˡ
Ϊһ֮˳ȡǲڿЦô
ƾ㣿ƷЦһ˵˸һɱһһ˫ɱһ˫
ƷĻʣµЩͨĸɫ΢ŭȴûһ˸վ
ɲǼ䣬ƷѾǰֳһץȻ͵һӣꡱһųһڹ⽣âǿֲĽ⣬ֻ֮ϡ
ͣ
һն䣬ͼˣʱﻹзغһͱƷնɱ


1048 նڤκҼݱ¶
һնԴ׷룬ֱ䵽˵ϡ
ֻǼ򵥵һ̺ĽȴؼĽⶼ۵һһ㡣
ֻһķ绪˸ܵһɿֲѹ
һѾ׵׵ĽƷĹչֳʵҪ֮ϣһ֮ǰ͵õȷϣǲʲô
˾ǣƷնĽâ̺Ľ⣬ȻĽ޳Ҫ
Ƿ֣ԼƺڳƷ˽̫ˣ˵ǴδܹƷƵ¡
ȻˣǿԭԼƽƽƷնɱ̽޼˻Ƕһĸо
û뵽ȻֶΣ̫ˣ
ڤֱ³һѪһһĳƷ
׵ľ룬ԽƷѾڤǰ
֪ƷôһɱǴΧƷģ˵Ʒչֳʵ㴦۷ʱڣֻҲǳƷĶ֣޷ƥС
ڣǰδе
Ǳɱ˫ۣ˵չ̸ǲԸ⣬ΪôƷЦһ˵
ǰ̫ˣڤȻ³ǳƷ㲻ҪţҾҲҪһ
ڤͻȻһȣڵһιϵͻȻһ޴ޱȵĻˡ
ԽԽԽԽֲ·ǴȿռĿֲһ㡣
ΪٻˣڤȫĹɾҲͬ룬ԭһģڤ˲ͽڡ
ͨ˵ֻһ£ͳ˰
İֻΪ˶ԸƷǣ֪ڤڳƷжôʹˡ
ǵһҵıô˵Ǵӵ֮ٻĻ棬Ҳɴ˵𺳵˵ܹожôľˣ֮ǰҲֻǴӵ伮ϼ
ֻ»ܹڤƵϡ
ǵ𣬿ϧˣڤ۷壬ٻҲ㲻۷壡޼̾һ˵
Ҳһˣٻ𣬱ԼΪۣ
̽ϧ˵
ԭˣ
ƷԺ֮УһȻųĹâ۵˳Ʒ˫֮Уˣ֮У·һ־ңԶȿռ֮Ͷһ־Ϊģ
ٻֶΣİʼ֮бкֶܶΣǾٻҪʹĴۣܹЩȿռϻȡ㹻
һ޴ĻѸײڶ֮ƣųƷ˹һ˲䱬ĹأȻָڤ۷壬Ҫһĳ̶ȡ
䣡
ɲǼ䣬Ǿ޴Ļ˾Ѿ˳Ʒǰֲ¶ȷ·Ҫɻҽһ㡣
С
ƷЦһ˫ֳ͵һ˺ɲǼ䣬ضŷ·˺ѿһ㡣
Ǿ޴ɱĻˣһ˲ͱ˺ѳ룬ͬڱڤһͬ˺ѿѪ֮꣬ء
ڤһȫ˼飬ԼѾ˼ٻռƣڳƷǰȴ˲һһ˺˺롣
ˣ
Ʒҡҡͷ
ȫһļžƷսʵ̫ˣѰͨ۷ǰһ
ħһ㣬С
󣬳ƷĿתκҼûߣ˵ߣڤһûΪȡʱ䡣
ֻʣһˣ
Ʒ׵磬μ֮ѾɱκҼǰ
ӺǰκҲϵĽ֣κҵһʼһֱڣκҼҲҪϣԺյʥصһҾֻ֣ҲӸ³
ʱκҼ¶˼飬ȵƷ֮²棬Źģ
Ʒʱ˼ֲɫκҼȴûмȥ˼ȫķҲʼȼķ֮зһõӰӰУһ㡣
ϢҲ»ָ۷壬۷ӿ¡
ָоǵڼʹƷ֮жʱ˼־ɫΪϤһеĹ֮ͬǰնɱĵʹ͵ʹһ㡣
ǵʹκҼЦǾ޴ĹӰ˾һָųƷȥ


1049 ѹʥأΪ
κҼԼݣҲóƷޱȾնɱʹʹٵǸԼ˵ʹһֱڣʥ֮һκңȻǵʹ
νʵǳϵǿԶԶ˳Ʒ֮⡣
κҼʲôʵͨ۷壬ʥػ֮УһС֮еһ
ȴĸԸĳΪ˵Ĳ£ϸ֪ǸǿеֻǷͬѰĴڡ
̽޼ͨĸҲԻһҲʾĴ
΢һ룬ĹؼڣȻôһ֯ƽƽκҼ֮֯УȻֻǵʹ
ȫ֯ͼıжˣҲζ뻹ܹκҼƽƽǿʹĴڡ
뵽ǵɫҲÿˣôֲһ֯ܲǸСèСͬûɣ䱳Ȼһı
κҼֲһָ˺ѿ˰ߵʣһָеĹǴķĿֲ
룡
Ʒһָȭɿֲȭɨ˷һȭ⼸һСɽһСһָ
䣡
һֱָӺУը飬Ĺ꣬˷ɢ˿
⾪춯صһָδܹ˵ĵƷֺ
֮ͨ󣬳ƷĹѾﵽɲĵزκҼƴһɷֺӰ졣
ۣ
κҼһѪ˳ֱ⵽˾ҵķɡ
Ʒȴڲ֪֮䣬ѾκҼǰĮĿ˵˵˵ɣǸʲô֯Ǹ˭
ʵҿȫʬ
ƷҲƭΪҲƭȸֵǽΪĸ󻼡
ƷΪɱҾôŹģκҼЦһ˵
أκҼһɿֲĲÿһϸ֮Упֲڶ
ãҪԱ
ʱʱɫһͨصĸԱȲ˱Ҳ㹻ֲˡ
ɫһ䣬׷Լǰ֧˽磬׼
ʱ򣬳Ʒ͵һӻһֻץ˹ȥһѾץסκҼ
ϣȻƾջһ֣ԭͿҪըκҼ֮зڵķһӾȴ·ôȥһ㡣
κҼƷһץס˺ϵȴûа취ղԱδȴ׻ٵ֮еྭ
ʱһ㹦ˡ
ҲҲˣ
ƷЦһ˵
һͬʱҲǰľʲôķӡѾۿҪԱˣȻܹӡȥ
֪ƷĹѾǿʲôز
ƷֱӷסκҼȫѨԵʼ֮еĹϵĴӡסȫĹһ㣬ƷֱӶɽͼĿռ֮С
Ȼ¹Ǹʹ֯ƷòСĽ
һУƷֱ˸ѾӵԶԶ˵ǰ
Ʒδ˵Ⱥ֮еֳѾ˳˳ƷС
ʦû̫ˣ
ղž˳Ʒ֮£ֳڱס˳
ʲôƷЩЦã־һů
ְһ󣬲ڽֳظȥ
λҺãӦǵһμ棬ҽһ£ƷرִƷɨһˣҽ˵
ųƷһƵģ˭벻ողžһɱ¾ͨĸ־˳Ʒϣһʥزĳ
ã
̽
޼

ʱȷ˳ƷӦòǴ㽫һ򾡣ʱϲ⣬æҽ
ʱѾʲô֮뷨ܹƷɱǾͲˡ
óŴҶѵãҽλ̸ʥǨ飬֪λΣƷ˵
ԣ
̽޼໥һ֮صĵ˵ͷ
ڣκң̸߲ۿҲҪ֮ڣ̣޼ͬ飬Ҳܹʥˡ
ܺãƷˣ¶Цݣ˴ʥ֮ԲĻ


1050 Э飬ȫں
ƷҪöģȻԭڵ̬ȣȻԸ
ѾܹöµĿˡ
Ȼ˱ʥɽɽ֮ϵĻ᳡ڣÿԽ֮ǰĳܹ
֮󣬳Ʒ˵λսطһʥ飬λӦþʥصĸˣңΪĴλӦûɣ
ʱܶҲŷ׷׵ͷԳƷڵƣﻹһɳƷһֵݣ˵رִˡ
Ǹ֮ϵĸ߹ˣڳƷƣȥѡĴͳҲǴϣġ
ԳƷݣȻһԾŶһŵǧ
֪ôЩˣʱһͨĸʵ
ҵĳ룬ǷֳĻԼΧŻжУʥ֮ͨϰգǷֱŵЩл֮УʳǣƷ˵λԼλڵңҲǷֱŵЩл֮У
һ룬Ҳͬ⣬ϾҲؽ磬Ǿĵ̣ǼţԿ
ֻټĵ֮УزĵطȻûܱŶԿ
ǺҲŵİǨڳײ֣ĻǾǹԮˡ
˽⵽ͨĸ֣֮ѾǾˣưһ˸ǣǼ㱻ֵأҲڻƽȮۡ
˵Ҳһõѡ񣬱Ͼʥ˵ӵԶԶԴͷչǰ;
֪ǿɷʱ޼ͻȻ˵
ȻԣǻӭһԸΪЧӢۺܵģλӵͨĸ֣Ȼǻӭ֮Ʒ˵ͷ˵λĸֿѡӣ
Щҿ˵ǰͷɲʲôҼҵĵطǷѡӣǼȻѡıӻ෢չĺôҲҪѭĹأٵʱսƷ˵ʥزͬȨԵȣͨĸҲ⣡
Ȼͨĸָ߸ϣԳ֮ϣǾʹˣҲץͨУ
ƷĻʱЩͨĸһʥ֮и߸ϣûܹԼǡ
ҪǺͨһķɣһϰŰԵ˵һܴս
ܹóƷԲ˵˵ˣȷʵĴӵʵ
˵٣Ƿ׼ϾĵͷϣҲȫϵ
ҪӶԣҿԱ֤ǻõƽĶԴֻҪΪ¹ͣԽƷȻģΪЩֶ˵ֱӲΪȱĸ߶ս
ȻȥѹҪá
Ҳĵڲ˵ЩֵӿָǼȨ
ǰЩ֣˸ĸֵ֣ͨļ룬ҲִͨǰּϡȱûôϡȱЩ˵Ȼʲô¡
ĵȻЩ˵ų⡣
ЩڳƷ˵⣬ϵδķչ˭ԣǾȥ
ͨļ룬Щ˶ҪҲڷٵ½ȻҲûбQʱˡ
ҲϣܹõϣϾʥҪҲҪһϣ̽˵
˵ĻǱϣƷֱ˵ȻЩ˿ܲţţõıϣ
ҪṩҲҪṩ߶˵սǿΪʲôͷϵĳŵΪǱ˴Ҫô
ƷĻȴǶСˣȻףֺıϣƷ˵ʵ
˵üֵʲôͷԼҪõĶˡ
֮һεЭҲȻԲɹˣڳĸͷĴڸϸڵ̸ȻҪȵƷصؽ֮֯һ̸֧
ڵκңڵţѾױǣ˲пᡣ


1051 һ£ɨưʥ
֮⣬һһ󣡡Ʒ
ֱԣ̽
һŵ伮Ʒ
֪ʲôĵ伮໥һ֮Ʒʵ
ҪĵǸʷĵ伮ԽԶԽãƷ
ǳƷʥصĸĿģճƷõһЩǵϢʥӦǵ곬ŴڳŴ֮ʣʥ֮Уݱʥͬ
Ҳ֪ΪʲôôԺյĳŴȴʧ٣·һҹ֮ˡ
֮Укֲܶ²⣬֣ܵؽ绷仯ʺȵɡ
ǶûһʵĽۣΪӺܶ࿪żǳŴ˴Ҵ뿪ˣ֮֡
Ʒĵʷ伮ͨĸֶɵһƷ˵ҪǵĹ伮ǻ֪Ҫôشء
Ͼҵĵ伮ǲ֮أܶǿڶഫйǳƷֿУҾܾʱԻΪѡ
ڳƷҲûΪǵ˼һ
Ʒֻҡҡͷ˵Ŵеķ̫࣬ڶ̶ʱ߹Ŵ̡
ҲЩɻ󣬲֪ƷҪ˽Щʲôһ˵Щʷ伮ƽʱҲȥġ
û⣬
̽޼˺ܿͷ׷Լ˵
УЩŸصʱǵĴҲֲסˣֻһҪ󣡡Ʒ˵Щõ伮ȫ¼һݣñʯȵȵջҪһ룡
ԣ׷׵ͷû˾ʲôԵģƷҪȫҲ޻˵ϾЩͨɶ˳ƷûгƷǸûṥЩš
κңǲ֪ʥ꣬ûгƷȽǸͨնɱûпܹǵš
ҲȻģȻҪǳƷľʵǲ˿˼ƷǸЩһǡ
ʷ伮Ҫҽһ¶ӳ֮У˵伮ҲҪ׼һѡɴ׼ǰ̸ϸƻƷ
ˣ
˷׷׵ͷȷϹ󣬾æȥˡ
ڵκңڵ߲ȫҪȥܴ֯һֲ
СĴĺô
˷׷뿪ڳЩƷŸ߲ĸҲһˡ
ƷҲֳطӳ֮С
ʥɽһУҲЩ뿪ͨĸֶʥ֮С
ʱȻ󲨣κң฽һȫû
һҶûӹΪ˭֪ûܹƷɱһȫû
κңڳ֧ʥأʥأǣϿ˵ռһʥ
ȫû˵ʥ𶯣һгƷˣЩ˵ͷ˼Ϊ̵ӡ
ʥʷδһܹͬƷĵزעˣƷҪʥصʷ
ȻǶӦʱڣ̣޼Ϊ׵̾չ˷ˡ
ʥػʱΪ׵ĸҵչ˶ЩκңΪ׵Ĳɨ
û죬ͨȫǿҲֻ۷ĸдֵܹס
ȫ߱ÿһŶһδʱͶ
һɷ糱ҲһѸײڶ֮ϯʥأʥض˶֮С
ڣ̣޼ŵĴ֮£ܿ͸ƽ˸ֶ
ӳ֮еĳƷܿҲʼ˸ָĵ伮иԭһʹӦĸҼ¼Ĺʥصʷĵ伮
бɨİ伮ڵ伮ĸӡҲһˡ
Щ֮⣬дĸֲƸÿÿԴųɶ˳֮УҲ˼ӳǵһۡ
Ǵδ֮ĲƸⱲҲûлڶˡ
Ҳ͵ˣթԼõĶԼ͵ӳǳĳƷϡ
һգ۱һµʱȥ


1052 һҹɵй
һµʱ֮УƷһʱʱֳصУһҲڲϵĲЩʷ伮
˸ϣԳƷܹ֮йʷ伮ļء
Ƕѻɽһ˹Ҫ꣬͵üʮĹ򣬲ƷȻͬͿһĿʮУĿΪһҲǸһɨһۣһҳҲܹȫס
ֱõɨ¼Ҫ졣
ôĵ伮ƷҪԼҹĲͣĿܹꡣ
һʷ¼ĵ伮Ʒɻûеõˡ
Щ¼ʷ伮Ʒеƣ¼ʷķͬûıʷļأ϶ŻߵصӶࡣ
ҶԱţӶࡣ
ͨЩʷ伮ƷҲ֣ʵʥصźѾȫûˣڵ϶Ǻˡ
ȻͨĸڣĻСǴӳŴʱھͲдʥؾʱʵ̫ˡ
ϱûƵĻҵưʥصЩ϶Ѿˡ
ĵ伮Ҳʷĳ֮жˣֻǵһЩ
ƷͨЩʷ伮ʥصŵ֪˺ܶ࣬Ҫ֪ģڳŴȴûж١
ΪʥԼȻʷбҪĶ࣬ǳŴ飬ȴҲѾɴ˵ˡ
ڵ伮֮мأʥسڵĽ׶ΣгԽͨĸֵĴڣЩֵĴڣסʥأǻϢĵط
ȻڣЩҲѾˣҲʷ֮С
ƷͨϵĲʷ伮Ҳһ㷢ֶûУ֣ģڳŴĵ伮ƺһʣ
óƷҲܲ⣬ԳŴʵ˵ĴӪŴؽΪģأǺεǿơ
Ǵʱĵ伮ȴᵽ˷ѵŴһô
;ǲܵ飬Ŵʱôǿ׼㣬ڵʥأ𵱳ĳŴҪԶˡ
Ҫʵķǲܵ飬ӵʵļ֮ҲԷһ㡣
ҷڵĿѧ۵ƺۣάߵά֮С
ǾĻӦкôŶԣΪʲôʥصЩҪҲƵʥ֮ء
ۣŴʹʧһɶ·ûдڹһ
ԿЩ伮Ʒûи׵ʲôԻˣǿԿ϶ǣŴ϶Ȼ˥ܣһǷʲô飬ŻͻȻʧ
ʥصĸ߲Ҳʲô
ҲӺĽ͵£ƷʱҲֻƶΪŴǾˡ
ԳƷõĵʼʱŴȻǿֻҲûоʲգͬģҲǷɢŴҶвͬķչ򣬸߶ǿƣܹһͳµĿԡ
ǵʼһ콵֮ʲôпܡ
Ͼյļ䣬һǲ֮Ĵսʴѣֻϧʱ̫磬ļҲû̫ɲοĵط
ȻҲŴʧԭ򣬳ƷҲֻգʼ̵һʥ֮еջ
Ȼһʥ֮еĸһ˶ռһ룬ĲƸ֪֮࣬жôľˡ
һʼʱֺ廹ܵôĲƸͽӳǳıҲŲ¡
ϾӳҲûнչôı˭룬Ʒȫˣɽͼ˼εĿ֮ռ伫ΪЩѻɽĲƸ֮ͳͳƷɽɽͼĿռ֮С
йƷʯгǧ飬ֵɹ˳ƷͿƸɵйһ˾һ壬һĪ
֮⣬ĵرƽʱѵһ䱦ҩҲ˹ųƷɽͼĿռ䡣
ЩƷԹƣҲǧƷʯ
ټЩŵ伮ȻƷԼϣ˵ȻǼֵɹģϾǰĴͻͨٵͨ۷
Щ伮˵ʮڱɱһѵͨĸ֣Ŀǰӵеĸʮڱǧͨĸֶָտɴ
ֻƷһˣͿƾЩƸһȻһ


1053 ˳ؽ
ǳƷʷõΪӴĲƸֱӵĲƸͳǧʯЩֵ伮Ҳڣֵٷһ
֪ЩĻвٵĺö
Ҫ֪ϴμǽңƼʱõĲƸҲǧڼ㣬õĲƸġ
ôӴĲƸֱóƷΪһ
Щ伮ȻֵɹƷջҪϽģȻǰ׸ġ
ᳫװΪҲϳ÷չĵ·ֻп㹻棬˻ǰ̵Ϊ£ŻԽԽǿ
Щƶ˿ǾĺأڳƷҲƶʸȻóȻȥƻ
˵ôĲƸðսʥãȻƽ޹ʵľϽٴ˽Ҳһá
Щ伮˵Ҳͬ콵أȼü֮ռع԰ڼ㣬ÿ궼ػĶӣӶţؽĺĲƸ
ʲƸ˵ľᾧĿǰΪҪģĵֻ̣Ҫ㹻ĵ伮ӭһ־ڼǰ϶顣
ͨҲôϡȱͬʱӦɽͺѹڱ
лǿ
ڳƷԼ֮£
һµʱ䣬ǲĴҲ׷ӳ֮УǲԼͬɳԼ֮ᴫǰ
ÿһǸԤһ
Ϊ׵ľӣ̳ӣ޼ſˣҲͷŵ⡣
еĳϴһҪƷǰؽĴţ֮ࡣ
˭ڽϸ̵Ĺ֮б¡
ʱ⣬˾ĵȴȻĬȴһƣˣεҲأصĸ֣ĴΪǿᵽ˼Ҫͨصĸ֡
ƽʱЩˣ㵽Ƕһţ𶯣Ȼʱվڳ⣬˸ҳ֣Ҳû˸Ҫʲô
ǰֺֺʸӿһĻɵðզ࣬Щȫǰɼģܹһ˲õ顣
ڶĵȴڳǰζ벻顣
֮ǰûиƷǰʥɽԲֳǰƷȺ۵ơ
ȻڣڼˣܹЩѱﶼĵţƷƿɼһߡ
λҪҪȽϢһ£ֺ̽ԵĿʵ
ƷԲǷϣһ£ȴôû
ˣȵȳǰɣ̵Ĵ˳æ˵
ЦǵһǰƷδʰЩʱҪĴġ
ûʲôսȫѹʽĻǡ
ǽᰲʵʵԷȴһǱƷһǰսŵˡ
Ҳ˵ͷͬⳤӵ˼
ֺȷˣЩȷʵƷŵˣ֪Ʒ׵ʲôƲܹЩѱ˷
ǴʥصϢôŶоһֲʵĸо
漴ͿЦһ£ǣԼҲǱƷô
ڣƷûǾõȵ˼ٵƬ֮Ӱӳ֮˳
ǳƷֳأһǰһ˳
ǰʱͬʱʼȻƷͱ˶С֮·ϣΪȣʵΪ
ʥ֮ͨеı׼ܳƷͿֻܽ̽޼˵һͷΪʵˣǲͬ۵Ƶѡ
ţ
Ʒһ۸ĴĸӢ˲ǸϣʹҲ嫺ʵ˼顣
ĹǼߵˡ
ûеһʱǰ˵ģҪʥظЩ֮⣬»һ֣Ҳȫķġ
ڸոպ˫ҲƷȻҲ⣬뿪ؽôãҲȲҪؼˡ
߰ɣƷһ֣˽·׷ݹ⣬ųȥ
ƷһȣֳأǸ˵
ͬʱľһܴôˣƷĹĲ
ӳ⣬һ޴ޱȵĴǲʦһǰͨһµʱ䣬ķʱԴڹôһ
ڳ΢ȴһ󷨱˾ֱ֮Уâû˵Ӱ


1054 ǿ𾪵Ĵ
ռһҵŤǰһʱѾһƬɽ֮С
Զɽ룬ȱȽǣεض޵˻˷
һβǶͣԲڴһߵȴǡ
Ʒøն˶λһ֮󣬺ܿȷ˷
һд󲿷ֶûؽ磬Ͼ֮ǰʥض͸Сģġ
ǵ鶼мأΪܹоؽĻʥ֮ҪӲ֪ٱ
ؽ֮еʵҪʥ֮ϡ
ʥ֮е޾˶ˣʣµЩޣҲѶʥ֮еʲôԵв
ؽ֮ȴȫͬؽ֮еȻҪ͵Ķˣʥؿܳٱǧϣ޾
ӵĻ֮УʥóȻǨؽĽܾǱ޾ûҲǱûû˵ɧţʥؿɲܹԼ񱣻ĺúõġ
ôĴɱǲʱУбƵ鷢
һʼʥҲǨؽ֮УǲǺܿ죬Ǿͷָвͨ
ؽ֮ΣķûİôǨؽ磬վȽŸҪʧһϡ
˶ؽ֮ԼٸݵصĴ㡣
뵽ΪؽվȽŸҲ֪˶ٴۣٻеöʧݣᣬѾһʥصԱˡ
ʧɽͺ֮Уϵʧ
ҲΪʲôǺܿתĿ꣬ĿŵϣͬΪཨ
һˣǴҲֻ֮󣬲ŷ֣ؽĻĻҪӣ˵ȻжӣǶͨ˵ֱв
ʥ֮Ȼ࣬ȴǰȫ˴󲿷ͨҲǿ׳һЩˣûΪ
ҲƵ⣬ʥ֮ͨ˹涼һ޴⣬̸أ֮УֻҪҪһʵǺ׵ġ
߰ɣƷ˵
гƷ·˸ųƷһ·Ŷݹ⳯Ľȥ
ֻĽ֮Уһּ𺳵ĸоȫʥֹŵȫͬĸ߶ȹҵᡣ
ʥ֮Ҳһһľ޴УǺĳбС׼ˡ
֮ЩͨĸָܹоߵϢݷڳ֮УǿģСģһ֮ڣʮڵ˿ȫߣǺεȾ˵ĳ档
ǶɵˣΪǶҪĴԴģʥ֮йǴ󲿷ֵͨ˹ôһֵģʽ
Щȫ߸ˣ˶ߣΪĸߵͣȫߣǶô˵顣
һ֮УһҪԴһ֣ͬģ߱ʵҲǿ
֮ǰǶʵһ㣬ôǻ߶˸ֱȽٵ¡
ȻǲŷǸǴشڵһĽ׶ΣֻҪһᣬһĿֲ̣һȫʮʥҲǸϲϵġ
Щ˵һͷʥҲհģʽϾͷˣؽȣʥ̫С̫СˣеĴʱǺԴ
һͷޣԴʥظĻ
ӵȥֻҪ˶ãʥؾͻᱻȫ泬ԽǸʱҪǾͺˣΪʱͲҪˡ
뵽Ƕмңʱ򣬸˳ƷĽŲٿƷԭлܾΪʲôƷôᣬΪȴ˾ˡ
ȻڣˣΪؽĻȣʥؾֻСӣؽǴ󺣣ǳˮ
ƷԲֻǸ෴ģԺֻ»ԽԽࡣ
ԭлмֻֽһֳĸоԽˣǾԽҪ̸һεĺʥؾͽʧȥΨһпĻᡣ
ܿ죬ƷѾһˣֱ֮УرִĴӪ֮С
ƷŸոս֮УϾͱرִ֪һѵĻϢ


1055 رִϴΣ
Ǿ޴ĸֶ޾֮еһؾ֮С
˶֮С
ʱرִ¶»ʿΪĻع飬ʣһֵͷڴʱܹ𵽶һá
ҴҸһرִոĸĴʱʮֽŵĿųƷ
Ϊ˶֪֮ǰϢƷ˴Ŀռ֮УϢոմ֮жȻ󲨡
֮ǰһ֣ͳʧò³һ֣ȴû뵽ֻδλö꣬ˡ
ֻһҥԶѣûжţǺܿ죬¼ƵƵҲ˳
Ʒڴ֮⵽͵Ϯһ壬رִ֮гڼ顣
ϢĶҲˡ
رִҲһ޴ϴǳƷΪڵͼڣһ߹٣ȻΪرִڲͽڼ⡣
Ϊŭ߲㶼ţ²ֻĳλµļˣرִڲ߲㶼͸ĺˡ
ƷпѾˣ߲ڵرִ
رִִģеһˣ֪εŭ
һڼҲرִԲ飬رִ¶ѾõˣֱӴӸţפرִ
Ǻʹǣģͳͳߵ飬ĸ߹Ҳͬߵ飬رִ˵ǰδе顣
رִĻ̵̻ǣȻıѰһΪ׵һϵ˱˳ϲ鵽Ѿ͸һɶ
һγƷ䣬ҲżĹϵӾϲŭ˵档
̶µʱ䣬ܵ飬˱ֱӴߣ׼µλڼ飬ߵĳֱӱǹУҲûбĽˡ
飬رִƷҲһǧɣͬʱرִҲĻ̡̻
飬Ҳرִڴճ䶨֮ǰٻ㹻Ρ
Ʒ˵Ĳ䣬Ҳرִʿ䡣
ȴ˳Ʒٶȳ֣رִڲʿֻ֪֮ҪгƷڣôܹرִ
û£̫ˣϲһĸо
Ʒ˵ֱõϢˣʱѹϵѹʵ̫ˡ
ȻҲϽҰģҲһִܹرִĻʲô龰Ȼڣݹرִ²Ƕ̶ʱ䣬͸ܵǵصѹ
ټĲţ˵棬ȫѹϣף֮ǰҰǶôĿЦ
ڳƷĻع飬һ
⵽ô£أƷʵ
ҲʧǸż֮У
һǵ˵
Ʒüͷ΢ȻŴӰĿе֪ڵµʱ֮Уʲô
µʱ֮УرִڵĴ£ȻǳƷⱻڼرִ⵽顣
˵ȴ飬Ǿ󲿷ֵͨȫʧ޾֮еһżе顣
żһͨĸֵַģż̫󣬸û취һҶ̣֯˴ͨĸһǰ
νƺƴ
Ȼ˭뵽Ȼһ壬Ǻɽµһ壬ǸżڱɽеͨĸҲ⵽˲ҵ׷ɱ
Ҳ⼸Ĺ򣬾Ѿ˽ʮͨĸ֡
ڳƷݴҲΪгƷͨԪҲͬ뵽ͨҲһεּͨż飬ҲУ
ôĵӣ
Ʒ˫ȭգΪ֪ǻУ˼꣬£棬ˣ⹫Ҳͬȥˡ
ȫʧУ
ԭϵȻ̸жãǱ˴֮䱣һ̶ȵĿƣʶɽ֮ǰ֡
ɽͺȻ֣ͨᵽвõζ˫Ѿ֣ĿҲԣ


1056 սս
ɽǺ壬УɽͲ˵ˣˣһνؽ翪ʼС
ҲЩ壬ò˵ϣĻֿ޹ǵĿֲ档
Ϊ޵ʳνĩһľơ
ȡ˾ƣȻлбƣƷһΣִ޹ǱǵĿֲ˼һ㡣
ʵɽ˵˵ֻǿ޵̶ܼԶ½ϵЩޣ໥֮ûͣЪʱʱʱ̶̿ɱ¾뱻ɱ
ӱĺһǸٮٮߣǸ޷Эͬʵֻ»Ҫɽ֮ϡ
ڸǵõ鱨Щ岻ԷжڱһĵĿһ۳Ʒ˵
ĵ黹ǷˣƷʵһֱڵĺ֮һǴܹͳһֻͳһеһ֣˵Ҳһ޴в
ڿĵǲûеģ෴ģֱӳʵ
֪Ǹż֮еôƷʵ
㿴
ʱĵݹһƽ壬ƬĿѡ
һƬһֻ޴ĳһֻźɫƬĳƷϤˣǺĳ
뿪֮ǰú˼ꡣ
˼Ȼż֮УôҲŽż֮Уںֻ򶼱˺˵ϡ
սжôĲң֪
ȻһƬ֮ĵڶƬǺԶӶݵƬֻǿͨ帲ǵƬ֪˶٣һ޴ޱȵ˿ڼ˺İ塣
Ƭһȷʬ壬һ߱ȥͷ­ѪɣֱӲ
Ʒ˳Ǹ˭ԭͬ˴֮һĻʸҵĻʸ棬ƷĽ࣬ȴҲΪºպսڣڴ˵ȴżС
һţһ˵ʬףһĽ˶ߣ˱룬˵ϣĿǰǺεǿĴڣҲһһ޶
ȻҲǰ˴֮һ棬ҲżС
ôµңȱƷĽҺͻƼ֮⣬ʸҺֻҲҪˣûͨĸҿҲֻԱˡ
ڰ˴ҳ˳ңƼ֮⣬Ҳֻʣңˣʧν
ȻЩǿʼѣкܶƬȫ֪֣֮Ǳÿˣ֮ǰĻʸҵ棬֮⣬Ƭ֮Уһ֮ԺףƽԪ˧ƽƽԪ˧Ҳ˱ͷУֻʣ²޷ʬ
ЩƬ֮УƷ˳µƬնһֱ֮ѣ⹫ףƽԪ˧棬˵ˣȫĵشĳ
ЩƬģƷЩƬһʵ
֮ḻҲܹоǵҪɱεȲҵľزŻˡ
ȫϵһ˻ϷģӦǺĻݣÿÿսϷ
Ľ˵
ƷиǳأƬģôĵʣЩּûҲǼΪΣˡ
ôϧ˺ҲҪôôҲζźѾúֵĴˡ
ԤϵӵڷˣҪϰ뷨Ҫϰ͵ɽȻ
˵ɽͬޣȻ׽һЩȻϵһ
еҲᷢ췭ظı仯ȫţЩĸǰҽЩնɱֻǿʼѡ
νЩͨĸ֣ô򵥣ҪǻӸλĸ߹٣඼ǳƷӵҪţͳһ
Щ˴˵ȺףҲˡ
ѡµ٣ûǿʵͲԷڣȻϺܳʱ䡣
ôʱ䣬㹻Ϻܶˡ
ɽиָ㣡
ƷоԽĲֹˣ
ѡϹЩƬƵȻΪ߽ͨڵĶ־Щ֧ȫûʿĴ֪
һɱУ


1057 ƣ
ĿԼҵľ֧һһıնɱʿɾҵӰ졣
һ֣ǲҪ군˵ĸо
㲻ȫֻһ֣˵ҲһҵĴ
ȻʥһҪͬʥسֻ˼Ӱ죬뼤ķ
Ǻɽ־ͲͬˣǵĿǸؽĨȥҪȥ
ǲΪ׶ĵˣҲῼô飬ΪûпͳͳҲûãΨиΨһе·ߡ
úݶֶΣƷü˵
ûпƼϢƷʳһֱ⡣
ûУֻпĺƼϢûд˵ҲˣûϢõϢһϢֻԺɽֶΣϾͻᷢϣ
Ľ˵
ƷҲǣɵһȻΪӣվûеصĵز
ڶô飬˺üʱ䣬ѵûóôƷʵ
»۲ݣǷ뺣忪սϾѾҪɽôһȻˣټϺֻʤ㲻󣡡ĵĵ˵
Ʒ΢˽һ£ȴԭѳɣһսһȴҪͺ̸
սһԲ˵ɽѾ۸ͷˣۿŴսҪҪرҲûпܣµΨһս
˵ͬʱ֧źĽ֣ôͨʧУǲ
ʲôʱˣЩ˻ſ̸ܹôƷЦһЩ˵뷨ô޷ǾǾֻҪ㺣ú岻ȫվɽһȥЩȫû͸ĺôȣܹóʲôĺô壿
岻֪ܲôǺȫ˺ôˣֻһֿԣзĴˡ
ҲΪټȺףûһǿ޷ͳһ໥óƤ
νı׶Ҳˡ
ӪȹչôƷʵ
ѾĿǰܹȫչԮɽͺ׼ȫżΧǵ˸޷ͻƽȥһĵ˵
ĺܿƷƵһƬ޾ϷĴӸʽսˮĸָĻףȫա
Ȼ޾֮ϣ޾в֪жûжǻ۵ĺԴԴϵĳ棬赲ӵǰɱ֮֮
˵ڸ߿֮УɽĽҲˣȫ赲ӹż֮У˵߿֮ϣɿյޣӸ񷣬Ļսһ
һΪҵսÿʱÿ̶в֪ٵޱնɱҲв֪ٵĻױ䱬еֶ޸
ˮĸϵսҲ޵Χ֮£ϱơ
һȫԸΪ˾Ȼؼĸ֣һƴ赲
ͨޣƷ۾սΪٵͨ޺ͺȫ֣赲ĴȻֻЩ޺ͺ޿赲סǰĽŲ
Щͨʵֲ̫ˣһսŸֿھĴҲ׽õǵӰ
ЩѰ׾͸˵ˣֵܹĻЩͨ޵ǰ̫ˣһ
ôսʧѾһ֧žıˣҲΪЩͨĸ̫ҪһƴҲҪ˾ȻôʧѾҪˣϾΪһżֵá
Ȼɽͺ巽ʧҲܴ󣬵ǻԴԴϵʹ޺ͺǰ˿
Щͨʵ̫鷳ˣҡҡͷ˵ûܹ֮ս
Ҽǵò֮ǰѧԺѾоɹ˳ôƷȻ֪ܶ˲֪ܣоһֱоģͨսĳס
ʵоֻײѣָ߾ĿƼ϶ѻܹѻ̨
ģʽʥأɽͺ˵ƾڸָ߿ƼԴԴϵ׳Ʊˡ
ǲкûвҲģĽս֮Уֻ̨𲻵Ǭãܿͻһա
ܵ˵ҲĿǰܹõóֵĶսˡ


1058 ˵ϴأҪǼȮ
£м̨׼սҲܱûеҪǿֻһ˲֪ֶΰˡ
ϣֻҪ㹻ʱ䣬ʵ˳׵ƽɽͺ壬ľֻʱˡ
ȻȻɽͺҲǲʲôȥˣֹĿԽʽķչɽͺĽСĶˡ
Ѿǲ̨ǰǰˣѾ̨
ĿЦ˵
Է̫ˣÿһ̨׶ҪԺüͷͨޣͱ̨ʣµ̨ҲֻЭսĸķˣ
ĳҪֱزͬĵطڲ޾ĺϣսϣɽͺĴڴѾľˣ
ƷȫܹףȻЩͨĸʧ޾ż֮УĸּѾ׽ˡ
ôĸּǰȴʧż֮У֮п϶ڼ飬Ϣ˭ģǲôƷʵ
ôĸ־ȻἯǰ϶ǵõʲô׼ȷϢܹЩͨĸţ˿϶Ҳһˡ
ѾˣλͨĴ˴ϢĲǱˣǰ˴֮һ棡ЩΪѵ˵
ƷʱЩ˴Ѿһˣȫ֮УҲûˡ
ûչôƷʵ
СĿһ۳ƷұϾӴĪĵ飬ֻⶼҪ𶯣
ߣ
ƷЦһﻹףӦ赲ĵˡ
ϣˣʲôƷЦһҵȥųȡչȫ飬⣬ȫ£
ǣ
æ˵ͨĸȫʧż֮е£ƷĻյľ
⣬ҵȥȫ涯ú˵Ʒݺݵ˵ܹ鵽ЩΧͨ޺ͺĺ޵İɣ
ҼǵһֱѼȺֲͼɣһһֲͼעλãȫú˵ϴأҪȺȮ
Աߵİʱɵõһȫ涯ú˵ЩΧͨڵȺлԵĴ
ͻȫȫ˺ˡ
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»᲻ƴ۵Ľĳǳأʱ˵ֽɾ޴˺
һǼ£һʹֶΣһʹˣ˺ˣݡ
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ˣʲôɺϵģѵнôƷ˵Ҫ֪ͼԸ³
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⣬Ƿ죬ΪȥˣӲˣ
Ʒƽ˫ȭգƽ˼䲻δʮֵǡ
֪ʱҲûã޲
ˣһιǲڼ飬еȫһݳңһ
Ʒ
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æ˵ͷ˵
ȻƷҵʥشһˣ˵λǵĵһ飬Ҫˣ
ȻƷµԭίǣʱʥشһ˵ĻȻϾҲû뵽ոճʥؽ磬Ĵ¡
ҲףҲǶǵһ飬ѡĻ¾ԶûĻᡣ
۳ƷֻǱʾ˳ƷҲδػŹǣڳƷĺᡣ
ҵԸӳǲ
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ܺã
Ʒ˵ͷ˵ĸҪ⵽شҲкô
Ҫھ˶ǵĳ⣡Ʒ˵ҺͨµʥǨ飬ͨϵģұս
ɱУ


1059 ս𺳵ʥһ
ųƷһ£һθŴǰĶʮͨĸֱͬƷһա
˵ȫͷ˳ʮͨĸֱرִ£رִ¶֪еͨĸֶʧż֮С
ʱȻжʮͨĸֳֵ֣ͬʱҲޱȵϲ
ϾΣѵĹͷжʮͨĸּ룬һǳǿˡ
ʵϣȻͻȻ˶ףɽĴ㣬Ҫļǡ
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Ļ̻֮ʣƷĻعʿ򶨡
ͨĸȫٷ֮ٶȺε֮죬ǳƷļ֮£ǽе֮ͷų˵ķٶȡ
ȸٷеսٶȻҪ졣
ܿ죬ǾѾϵ޾ϣ޾ȻսҲѾܹսನΪսϣĺʲôʹ֮£սķȥ
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󲿷ֵĺ޶ûʲôǣ󲿷Ⱥ޶ûʲôǣֻЩǺʹڻҶѡ
ֻȻˣȻֻڻҶѣЩޱΪǿͨ˵ξ޴ĺޣֱǿֲɱ¾
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Щеһϰͽɿµѡ
Ʒõ˳Щޱҵս
˷ٶȺε֮죬Ȼս֮У˻˲СʱѾϵ֮еս
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Ǵʱףʥغ̵Ĳ࣬ʥظ֧Ųּģּս۶򼸴ΣʥؾͻҲˡ
ʥصģʽߵľǾӢĵ·ͨһСֵľӢģʽִģսǰһͺƵĳһûɲó
ƷĿ棬ɨɱһƬսܹս֮ϣͨ޵ӰںֱײսѲܹǵжס൱ľ
ҪԸЩͨޣȻû߲ͨſԡ
޵ĺ棬һ޴ż֣ȻҲĵߡ
ڴʱһȺֻ֮зе޷˳Ʒһз֮еӰʱһĺХȻ

ƷһָɨϰɳĽâɨ˲ͽֻɨ
΢ͣһ£Ȼ˸նˣһնϣһԪ˧߾ͶӰ˸ն֮ϡ
ǳƷ
û̫ˣ
߶ʱ鼤˵ɲؼʱ򣬳Ʒĳ֣ʣ綨һá
رִӦѾϵˣһЩͨĴڳְæ趨һµʶźţƷָָЩʥеͨ֡
û⣬̫ˣսЩͨʵ̫鷳ˣ⿿̨ԱǺ߶ʱЦʮͨĸ֣սľƾԵõĸĹۣǲý൱һ־ǣЩͨˡ
ˣҲ˵ˣɱҪ
Ʒ˸նˣ漴תͷʥһ˵Ѿ˵ˣʱǻᱻʶΪѾֻҪСһЩⲻˣ
˵꣬Ʒһȣֱս֮С
ʥһ໥һ֮һҧʱҲųƷս֮С


1060 ͨޣһ
Ʒһȣȳս֮Уսĵһʱ䣬ĳɱ˹

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ϲ֪ʲôʱѾһͭһѷ죬մȾŸɺԵѪȴûйҵֳ
Ʒȫչ֮УʱһɿֲƷ͵ոյõչʱ򣬹ͬն
ķĴ߶֮£һ޴Ĺϡ
䣡
һںһ㣬һ;޴Ĺ˲ӭǣһʮ׵Ŀֲһϯ
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ڣĿֲ񳱣֮ɨһ㣬һףǧ׵Ŀֲմγɡ
ֱɨе˲䱻ֲĹɨеЩȫʳ⡣
ֻһƷֱɨޣֲֿ˶ˡ
Ȼ˹Ҳйϵһ޵˫ɵˡ
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֮У֪ˣرִڼ飬رִһֳƷҲ˲⡣
Ȼڲŷ֣ЩԶǷƨûƷô
ƷĴڣʿĹȻ˵һӵսʤĿԡ
ڳƷ֮ʥһжʮͨĸּս֮Уһʱս˸Եı仯
ԭ˶ͷ۲ѵͨޣҲЩͨĸֵǣ֮£ڳΪˡ
ǳ̣ڣ޼һοɳ˴Ϊǰÿһ˵ΪѾͨأȻͨ۷壬Ƕս˵һö˵ըһЧ
ܿ죬ͷϢܿ촫ԭΪѾĳƷƽµĻˣǴ˶ʮͨĸ֣㹻Ťתսľơ
һʱ䣬ս֮ڣĻڣʿ׷׻
ȻŶʮֵͨļ룬սŤת˹ԭͷ۵ͨޣһӲܹǡ
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ƷһȻҲ֪Ҫǣʧż֮еЩˣÿһÿһ붼ޱҪ
Ȼμ˸֮䣬żķӶȥ
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ʱ콢֮еԪ˧һ£ʱս뷢ڣֱ䵽˳Ʒǰ·ϣҪΪƷɨһǰżĵ·
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֮еķյʲôָǰ̣Ⱥӵɱ˹
֮еķޣеҲһһ㣬׷׷˳ˮ棬ſѪڣųƷҧ˹
ȻƷڸ߿֮ϣЩ޵ˣһԾԷɸߣױ£һСģͱҧƬ
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ƷһĽ¶ʱӵ֮Щ֮˲ͽһƬзӿ
ЩӺϷҧĺ޸ӴƷֱӾͱһһĵȫڣȻص˺С
ƷٶҲܿ죬һ߽̤һߴֳһץץһһѳֱ˦Ľâ
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ƷǺɨһѹ˹ȥʵ̫ûܹ赲ƷĽŲǺ쾳磬쾳ķһ޶
һɨȥ٣ֱ¡
Ƭ֮䣬ԭӴõ޺ͺɵķѾƷɱ˸Դ޷赲ƷĽŲ
ʱ򣬺ֱӷڳһȻСɽһӴĺޣһͷǿޱȵͨޡ
һͷֱſѪڣһɿֲ˳˿µں˳Ʒ
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ƷһߣȻһ̤ʱһƷ֮ǰǴεĶһʧӰ١
ƷҲǺɨɨֱ֮һͷͨĺ롣
ͨޣڳƷǰǲһ


1061 ǧһһ
Ʒμ˸֮䣬ѾǸż֮УżſһѪһ
ż֮УƷŷ֣·һһǽ֮Уֲָ
һƬﻨ㣬һƬ˼ɾһľ󣬳ƷףĳĶ
ֻĹģǴĺˡ
Ʒû˼ȥһżľɫгŽǣ硣
żڲԶһһŮƬӰȴһƬؾ֮֮ϡ
˵϶˲ҺԵĿֲϢͨĸ֣һǿ֮ͨеľ֡
ϣҲǺպĴڣֻΪĹڸͨĸֻǱӴܣƬƵȫ˷ġ
ҲȻǶȻںһ㡣
أԶһӰż֮зӶֱӳ˵ǰ
һӰڿ˵ʱ򣬲ɵסˡ
ô߲һӾϳˣǸ׳ӣǱˣǻ
ǸŮ߲һ߲
֮ǰں֮еĸʵ˽ⲻ࣬Ǿʱ䣬֪˸࣬ǺԼͷųģͻȻ֣֮еĸǶൽһֲľء
ǾʵԶԶ֮ϡ
չҲʱ䣬ڲ֪꣬Ȼͬն
Ȼ©֮㣬ЦһվǰӰ˵ҿϣν˴ңɣҲ㻹ܹˣ޾̫ˣ
ʱ濴ޱǱҲǾѪս֮ѣû뵽ſڣȻôɱ
䣡
ͷų˿ֲϢ˵ҰɣʱҲǵˣ˰νһ֣ǸνͳʧƷˣˣ
ϧˣҪǸƷڣһᵱЩ˵棬Դšʲôƨһ֣ɽϻӳƴˣ
⻢ȻʮƣûܹǺųһֵ˽֣һ¡
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ʱüͷһֻо·һɽһĸоͨض˵޽Ĵڡ
Ϊһ֣ͨΪҲֻǿͨصľ磬֪ļ˴ҵ棬Ҳദ֮С
˵־ѾǼΪǿˣ˴Ϊǵʵ㹻ǿ
Ȼؽ˵ʵƺֵһᣬǶԸƵĺ˵ƺˡ
һߣûгֵ߲ɢϢ֮£϶ҲһݽɫС
ұҲ֣Ȼ˵ˣǾˣ߲Цһ˵
Ϊ˾ɱһе֣巽˵˾޴Ѫͨصĸ֣ں֮ҲĬĬ֮Ȼȴš
һΪ˷ֹ©֮ѣһǷֹӴ
ĶҪһˣ̫ʱ䣡
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ڣ̲סȳˣʵԶ֮ϵĴڣûжѡΨΪǿ
ֱӴ̳˾Ľ磬â˺ѳգ̵˵۾ʵ̫ˣʵֲ̫ˡ
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˺ѿĿֲһôһĳ˷飬޷κв
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ӭǣɲǼ䣬ѾСɽһĴС͵һӾ档
Ҳϻٶȣ˫ľ̫Զˡ
һͱ˳ȥһѪȫ·ɢһؿڶ˺˴ƬѪ⣬ѪԴ
û˼һУҪ
ƲƲ죬漴ٶһ
أڻʱһĽֱӻ˿ֲĹâֱƸ


1062 һȭл
һ裬⾪˵һһֻ޴ޱȵĴƬĴֱӴ
䣡
ֺݺҵ˵ϣһɸߵĳˣѪӶϿڴ罦ܿȾƬء
ʲôˣʱűնƵֱۣһ𾪡
ȴһӰԶ̤Ŷݹ
ôܣδʲôˣ˾ȻܹӶڵķ⼸Ǹܵ顣
ȻȥҲ֪޾ĺɽɵķߣԮ棬á
ķߣǿͨĸҪͻƷߴҲǸܵ顣
ģ˵滹жʮͷͨҪ졣
ңеĸֶѾˣﻹ档
˵ݵʱ򣬶ʱе㺹ëӰῴոջ˵ģѾ˲⣬ʵ̫ϧһ֣Ʒ
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Ҳ˱ΪѾˣһˣȴû뵽ȻܹƷ
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æ̷ȥʱֻоԼ֮еҲһٵٶȺת
дΪҪ֪زǿȿµˣѰҺ䶼˵ǣҲΪˣһشǸѰֶҲûа취ġ
ܹͨ˵ĵҩ֮٣֮ǰ׼ǼöҩǶۻģһս֮ѾĴˣˣҲӳ
̷˳Ʒĵҩŷ֣ƷĵҩҩЧԼԭѼĵҩĺü˱˵Ȼӡ
Ҳһ飬ǰЩ˳ͻȻðĳƷҲѾ׸ıˡ
ǿվҪͳƷս̫߲˵Ŀֲˣʵڻ϶߲У֪жôľˡ
ƷȻû뷨ֱ˵Ȼˣ˰ɣЩСòŵѳ֣
űһǾһƳľһʱҲͲ˵ʲôˡ
СһЩҲֻô˵
Ķ棬ųƷĻʱֻоޱȵŭƷѹǲǷϡ
ãããƷ֮ǰźûšԴøᣡӡ߶ȫķܿ죬ȻӶѵпڴֳһƣ֮ǰǸһ޶
һǿĿ£ѾͨķˣΪǳƷҲô򵥵Ķ츳
֮ǰЩϵƵƬģƷʵ
ģҿӦѾҪȫûˣãɱ㣬һոЦһ˵
ǺͻȻŽӦڵ˭Ʒʵ
ƷΪһôЦ˵ռؽ½ôĵطҲ³ˣֻһ³Ǿ
Ȼ˵ãƷЦ˵
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ƷҲûж˼ƺǸûзӦһ
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ҪȥԮȣͻȻȴ֣һҪƷȥĻȻһһĿʼײһڴƷʱһһı鿪޷Ʒ塣
䣡
һĻһӱ˿
޷ԳƷκ˺
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Ʒһȫɢź˵Ĺââ˺ѿ񷣬ȻƷָȭʱȭָ֮ӿȻֱһȭ˳ȥ
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ǿֲ˳ֱӺ˲񷡣
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̾ʶ˲ãΪѾͨأڵǺǿˡ
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ʱ˫ۺؿڣ˫ϷޱߵĹâ޾ķڷڡ
ֱγһ罫ԼػС
䣡
һ޴ƺһȴƷһȭͶǸ磬ֱӶ˻ؿڣᴩ塣
ͣ
Ѫ罦͵˳ȥֱˡ
ֻһȭѣ


1063 ն߲޵У
涼Ѿɵˣ
Ʒһȭɱ飬׵߸ۣ
ƷʵȻ֮ϣǰ֪飬浱ʵҲ·𣬵Ƕ˳Ʒ
ԳƷʵǿǺ顣
ȻӡУƷҲͨأͨصΪѾʮ˲ˡ
ʱƷնɱûʱ䣬ƷܹͨأǾѾǿˡ
ȻڳƷı֣֮ǰеǴģƷʵԶԶ֮ǰԤϵġ
ͨضǳƷĶ֣Զ򱬣ڵʵѾʲôزֱǲ
ʧʱ֮Уʲô
ֱ
Ҳ֣ΪҲйҲйΪͻͽʱ
һߣ߲һ֮ǰǸûƷνһ֣ɽϻѣϻΪĸֲࡣ
Ǿϵ顣
˭뵽һ֣ǵʵȴиӿ¡
浽ˣƷ߲ϵȫ˳ɽХһĿֲ
濴ȴѪڣĳȣڹؼʱ򣬳Ʒڿн˵ϣסϣ
ҲɵȻܹóһֻ֮ºҪٳˣ岻ڻðźȫ˺ķЩˡ
߲ɲǼͶˣٶޱ֮죬Ƭ֮䣬Ѿɱ˳Ʒǰֱһɫһ㡣
һ޴ıը𣬸ֿµ߲֮֯ϲ֪ʲôʱѾһڱһڱϴĽâһն
أ
âݺն˳Ʒϡ
ʱһâȻڳƷնһĽ·նһƬ֮һ㡣
ڽâϴżΪŨĺɫǾ綾߲֮ģĽ֮УֻҪմȾһ㣬ͨĸ֣ɥΪ¡
ΪˣĺͳƷһսûѡܣҲû뵽Ȼһ㶼κβóƷ
ƷĻûնƣնƷϣն˽֮һ㡣
ֲģ
ʲô߲ʱ󺧣ں֮еЩͨҲܺ޹˼ɵľͽһ
ȻƷȴˣ
ʱƷٿʱ类һͷĹ޶ϵĸоһֻо󱳷ë

߲ʱȡжг֮ǰǰ죬̳˽âÿһӵмΪֱֲ˺ѿ˲񷣬ֱĽӰƷֽС
ȻЩâڴƷһ˲䣬һɿֲľȫɱȻһ˲ͻΪޣ޷κһ˺
߲̾Ϳʼȥ˺ٶȼ죬ֱһ㳯ź󷽷Ųƶȥ
ٶȻ죬ƷٶȴǸ죬ɲǼ䣬Ѿȥ
ȻȴֻƷ߸ֱ̧ۣ֮֮͵һӻΪһֲìì֮͵һ˳ȥ
ݣìһһȥ߲Ҫһ˲䣬͸оˣ·һɿֲסˣ·ӣֻѡӲֲһ
䣡
ֲìһ߲ϡ
߲зγɵĽҲһ˲仯Ϊޣ޷ֵס
ͣ
ìǺ谭һì߲˵ϡ
һз̫죬ķ۶սٶȣֻì߲ڵϵʱ򿴵˽
ɵõһì߲ഩ͸˹ȥͨĸ֣ҲǷ׵౻͸һ·һ
Ȼ߲ܿǽ࣬٣һѾˡ
һоĻˣ滹ȫһŵӣǴδһ
پʼΪԼѾˣ˭֪Ʒճ
һٶȽ߲ͳͳնɱޱȣֱƬ֮䣬ͽɱƬײ
֮еκһܹɨ֮н췭ظȻȴϢľ˳Ʒϡ
Ҫආ
ʱƷһ㡣
޵У


1064 䶯
ɻ֮ͨ󣬳ƷֱʬƬϡ
Ҳֻһһˣǣ׼ô
֮󣬳Ʒתͷ档
л֮
һ˵ЩδȻһĸо
ǻ߲֮еκһܹҪǵ
лҲǾ֮ͶѣƷ
ƷĻش治ɵñ˱첻֪ô˵ȷʵ˵УҪǶڳƷ˵ֻǾ֮Ͷѣ־ɱ֡
ָо֪˵ʲôá
ô˵һζл֮Ժ󵫷Ǩضǣ滹Ǻ˵ԮѾô
ǻȻѲ²⵽ôĸֱУ޶ԣ϶ǰԮ
Ҳпܵģڶûа취ɽͺᲢֻۣ۾սĻȴҪɽͺ֮ϡ
Ѿˣɽͺƴ赲Ҳûа취ͻƷߣĿǰҲֻһˣǰ֧ԮƷ
˵ͷȫܹĵΪ˾ɱһˣɽͺ϶߾ȫ׾;ϡ
ˣһ˾͵ֵǧˣ
Ȳ˵Щˣ֪ʲôƷʵ
֪ʵǽҲһģٺܿͱɢˣҲûϵˣЦ˵ʱѾˣпȥܱˡ
ǲûгԹۼһȻûãΪɽͺĸҪ̫ˣֱӾͽǴɢ
ԺɽһǾۼҪǷֿնɱ
ƷأȻƱĻҪӶӡ
֮ǰͳ棬Ǹˣ˳ǸңӦûϣָһ˵
֪ľǣǲģƷʵ
Ǹ
ʱҧгݵ˵뵽ʱ޲ýʬΡ
Ƕǵõ׼ȷϢģ˭֪ѹһ壬ɽͺ年ᵽһ𣡡
ȻƷ˵һµյ淢һĺżһǰ
˭֪Ȼһ壬˵˭ҲûƭǣϾ˵ԺգΪ¹ĺպչ͡
˭û뵽ڹؼʱ̻ѡ
ûˣ
Ʒ֮ǰѾȫչҵĵ飬ж⣬ܿͿ֪ˡ
ҲȲ˵ˣȳȥɣڵǺɽޣҪСһ㣡Ʒ
˵ͷҲûж˵ʲôʲô̫ˣȻָһЩǸ㲻۷壬Ҫսȥ̫ǿˡ
ֻѰ޵Ļǲ£̫ͨԶˣֻҪСһЩҵսҲûйϵ
֮󣬳ƷʱͳָķӶȥ
ڴʱ⻥ϣѾըˣֻΪƷƬʣǺ֮ǴֵƬ
һǰɱһì˵ϡ
Ƭһʱ˺䶯Ҫ֪ͣķֲָ״ƬƵѾ˺޵ģֻûа취ѡ
ͨأǶ˵޷Ӧ񻰼ĸ֣һԽ췭ظοˡ
Ȼڣˣȴ׷ˣŸոսƬȥʱȻ󲨡
һȻʿǣ˿˴ģֻޱʹ졣
⼸ѾܹŰ
Ȼкܶ˱ʾɣֻǸ顣
ϾڵӦҲҲֵܹĴڲŶԣ˵һŪˡ
ɽ֮˻˸ϴ׷׳ЦѾǭ¿ȻPSƬҰοĵزһʱνޱȵš
ܿмָⲢPSƬΪҲκһPSĺۼ
ǺɽȻģƬPSģҲп٣֪Ķģð֡
һֱע⵽ƬʺţȻһ֣Ʒʺţʱһʱš


1065 ɽ
һʼ˶ĿƬϣһӲע⵽Ƭ˲ǱˣǳƷ
Ȼ⼸µʱ䣬²Ÿոս˳ƷѾ˲顣
Ȼʱ򣬳ƷʺȴͻȻ˷Ӧ˵һӦǲ˼飬ǺܿͷֲԣΪʱڵ顣
ԭܼ򵥣Ǻ˵Ĵӵģֻ˻˲ܹ½ʺš
һˣǾͲܵ½ʺˡ
˵ʺֶˣǾֻһֿܣǳƷڷƬ
ʱϢһһƬȻһЩ˲ԸųƷţǺܿ죬رִͳҥǸ˳Ʒʺŵˣȷʵǵĳ
Ʒû
ϢֱǺХһĳɢ⼸˶ڹעż֮еս˶ףȫûУ˵Ǻεȵѡ
Ȼսֲͨ࣬Ÿָ߿ƼںɨûͨɽͺĶԿ֮Уȫ·硣
ǧһʱ̣Ʒˣոջֱ޵ҧгݵļһ
ܿ죬ȷ˳ƷĻع֮رִֹһϢ֮ǰƷν⣬ʵ˲⣬ǰʥء
ƷѾɹ˵ʥؼһҴ˶ʮͨĸ֣Ѿս֮ϡ
ɽͺķֻʱ⣡
һʱڣżսϵı˾֪Ϊûͨĸսʮֵı
гƷĶʮʥصĸ֣һӾԽƵıŤתˡ
ʥЩҲʲôʵϢˣ˶֪ʥҲǿҲӵĸ֡
ǵļ룬Ȼǿ
ٳԼóƷǣϣûжϾ
ӵ֮ǰɽͺĸһӾǱһ
˭û뵽Ʒ˶ΪƷѾ³֣һ־ֱӴ˺֮еͨĸ֡
һشݺݵĴǵԴϡ
һʱûзӦ֮󣬺ܿ죬Щɽĸȫʼϴ
ʲôνһ֣ˣ
ɽϻӳƴѣҳǺĶǰˣ
Ȼҽżˣߣ
ſı֣ȻҲ˵ĿʷΪ磬κβЩˡ
Ȼ࿪ģǺ壬ɽкܶӵвǻۣȻ취õͨӶϵϡ
ʱƷȻ֪ѾַˣΪ˵ҪľҪµ˾
ȫͷ˳Χȫƿ֮С
Ȼż̫ˣ˼ֱһƬС͵Ĵ½һ
ҲΪˣĸֲӱܵĿռ䣬ѾͳͳЩ˵С
ʱͷֱӴԶ˹ͷ޶ѾͨĴڣȻСɽһ㣬ӹȥʱ򣬼ֱСɽӶһ㡣
ǺܿͿ˳ƷʱǰһƷֱһ˹
ȻͷļΪӴ󣬵ٶȴǼ졣
ɱ
ͷޣƷûκͣͣһ룬ֱһ̤ȥ
䣡
Ʒһž̤һͷ޵ϣһͷ޼ֱһҽУɲǼ䣬ķ˿
ͨǺεȵļ̣ȻԳƷȴ޻ֻ֮һŶѣͱ̤롣
һͷʱˣðȶҪӳƷѡ
Ʒôܸأֱ֮һץһ֮У͵һӻһìȻ˳ȥ
ͣ
һͷ޲ҽű˵ϣ΢һӾʧȥ˺ֱ
ƷҲƬ磬Ҳֻ֣ͷ
ʱƷϾ˾κˣΪڸոգɽɹһͼһ෽ĸֱһɽ֮ϡ
һԼĪʮ꣬۵ߣ˳۵ĹȻڵӰܴƽպҲƣȴ˲ɱɽ֮ϡ
ɽϴٶƵʱ򣬳ƷƬݺݵİһ˦ǵϡ


1066 µľ
ƷɹƬȻ˼Ϊ˴ɽȻȴʵγ˴Ч
ɽողϴķųһƬ۹кܴ֪ȡ
ƬһۼһƬǼֱ޷ԼҵĹȻż֮УһôľͲˡ
һȫʧˣ⼸ⲢͷһˣǶ޷˵ʱ򣬳Ʒˡ
Ƭͷɽǿķ޵ֱӺݺݴɽ
ɽϴԾΪ˴ʿڳƷɹƬʿ߰ȷʵиǵϣΣǺܿͻˡ
ɽɱһĸ֣Լȴôһɹ
ɽһʱʧ֮󣬸ŭɶԴӳƷ֮Ƿһеһоͺʧһ֮ǰѹʿļƻڿҲûгɹ
ƷҲɽͺ巽ɱ֮ˣǳƷһֵݣΪƷ޼ɵľɱĸͨĸ֡
ʱżӰ֮зٵӹǵϱѪȾȴԼѪĸߴĺ塣
ÿһں֮УͬԺգǴʱһεĿʼƺʲôһ
һƬɽ֮УӰڷٵӴܣûиҷ֮ϡ
ˣһڵߣһԼĪŶʮģꡣ
Ǹڵؿһ󶴣ʱʱľһЩѪʶ
Ǹ˵Ҳֻ΢һѣѾȫʧˣնȥˡ
ȴǱˣǳͳ¡
ҺöˣԽ׷ԽҪӵǲܵģϺ󣡡
ʱͣ˽Ųų£˵
棬˵ʲôأʱ˵Цʱ򣬾ҪϺҲϺǳңûҳ£ǲûµ˵
˵ʲô濴ų˵ӵҲˣҸط˵Ļˣż֮УȥˣȮ׷ᣬȥ
Ѿûˣȱͬôᣬô츳ǳҺδϣ
濴ų£ȻնȥһֱۣȴҪˣͨĸ˵Ʒνġ
ܹܹأҵδվҪǵģ
Ѿķǳˣʱ˼ȥΨһĽ˶ܲԽ׷ԽǵĽŲ
Ļ˭ܵ
£ʵѡѾˣΪȡһ·
ǳ츳ˣƷѾ֮ǰ⣬˰㣬ֻʣ˳£¶ڴˣôҾ군ˡ
ҪΪңҲΪסһϣ
棬Уһӵ˶ԶأżȻȴûĿռ䰡
²ͬ˵
û취Ҳа취һطܹݵĴ߶ȫѪָ۷壬ܹסˣ취ش֮еһˣΪѹص˵
ȳ磬ͳ˵ɫ˲䣬Ϊ֪ʲôʱǵߣѾӰ
û뵽ǾȻϺôҿ˭ˣ
ʱӰ֮еһˣ˽ºͳŰΧС
ӰȻΣȴǳ˵ԴǳŹԴ繷ͷһ㣬۽߶ףÿһ֮Уźպ
ȻºͳҲ˵Źͷǿߡ
ֵܣһһٵĽгŵݡ
ʱ䣬˿νǺֵ˺üεĽ֣ȻǱܡ
ҲУ֪˵ݣһΪĺ֮УǸ֮УֵܾǸ߸ϵ
ֵӵмΪô뾡취ѣûôᱻ׷ϣָоǾ
ûбѡˣΨһսˣ
ҲѾˣµΨбˮһսѡ
ţҲҪᣡ
֮˸Ĺâȵ


1067 ӭ񣬳
ƾǣʱֵܵϴЦ
·ʲôΪЦЦһֵܶʱЦ
ǿ»ᣬǲǺЦô
ֱ֪
ʱ򣬵ֵܵΧͶһεͷʼ
˵಻ֱôҾֱ࿴ôģ
ֵܵ϶˵
ɶ񣡡
ͳȻףֵܵĿģԣǴ㽫ǵ״ֱȫµ˿ʱʿĴȻ˵
ϧˣǼҳƷڣɱźֵܵʮź˵
Ǿˣ
̲ס˵
νĵһ֣ǸЦ
ֵܵϴЦ˵ȻûнµĻϡ
ϵƣҲ̫νһ֡
ʱֱҲֱӿˣֱոտûжõʱ䣬ӿϰˣ˶ͨͷ˳ͳµĲ״ɵʮ𾪡
ε磬ȴ׷ɱز
㹻ˣֵ֮еϴſڵǰ˴֮һĳҵ¸£ھҪˣ
ĻĻԾ˵ٶˢȺ鼤ܣطȴﲻκεæֻĿҪ
أͷˣɸұꣿ
֪ʲôʱʼˢĻȫһ仰·ȫʧһ㡣
ʲôҵģ
ϴЦһԼ˵ꡣ
ôǵƵܹôǿЦ
ǺɽذΧܹǲǸЦ
Ҳǲ֪ԺˣǰҲͶˡ
ڵϴ󱨳Լ֮󣬶ʱϵȫˡ
Ʒִս
ǰԤ
ͷ˱ʺ
ˣ
ˢˢõֵܶЩףӦÿ캰أߴô
ôо粻̫԰
ǸƷѾˣ
ʱֵܿе㲻ˣô֮ǰԤϵȫͬоĻе㻶Ѱ
õֵܿе±ˣȫ
ϵģ϶֮óһֱۣ¶ʱ֮ɱ⣬Ϊһֱ۾ֱۣǱֵܸնġ
ѵ㲻Ҫֱô϶ĿųƷ
Ҫɣ
ҧгݵ˵
Ȼ㲻ҪֱҾͳ˺ˣ
϶Цһ
˵ſѪڣҪһֱȥؾһ˲䣬һɿֲϢֱӷӶǵʯһ˲䣬ͽһֱ۸
ʲôˣ϶ʱ״ǰ
һԼĪŶʮģ꣬һɫۣӢ䲻
ȴǳƷ˭أ
ʱֱĹ˲ˡ
ȻӾҪս
군ˣֵҪʺˣ
ɻ
ӭ񣬳䣡
ӭ񣬳䣡
ӭ񣬳䣡
һ仰ˢ˶ޱȼ⼸ѹ־֮Уڳһ⡣
ƷһֱֱۣۻлԣȻѾնգֵͨȻһܱȵġ
Ʒӻ˳£»һȫ±Ƶ״̬ƺȫû뵽Ʒ֡
ӡ֮УƷӦѾô
ֵ֮ͳ涼ǰرִѯ
ҲرִʾЩ֤ݣƷȷʵ⵽˰㣬˲⡣
Ȼ˶ʱ򣬳ƷͻȻˡ
ϲɫΪǰ;ˣȴ³ˡ
žͺãžͺã
أ·ʲôæ˵ƷСģֵܻ֣
֮ǰʱĿֲһͳֶ赲ס֮ǾֻܲϵӴˣؿڱ󶴣µֱҲն
޷СѣȽնٺ˵
Ʒ˵δֵܷϡ
Ǻôĵӣ
ֵҲϳ˳Ʒ֮б˺˵Ĺâ
˲䶯ˣһ壬ųƷɱ


1068 նֵ
ϣȻҲǵһˣ֮κһ˵ʵѾͨأеֵ֮еϴѾͨء
ɢѾͨصĸ֣һּΪĺϻ֮ҲֵֻѪĲܹͨʹó
䣡
صϢڷķڣγһǵصѹųƷķϯ
䣡
˵ĹƼɲǼ䣬ȫ䵽Ʒϡ
Щһ˲һѣ޷ԳƷκһǰ˺
ƷҲڶˣֻǳǰһЩͳͳͱ߽⣬ûκεô

໥һ̵ۣľٶչ˹ƣ֣һͷ޴ĺޣſѪڣųƷķɱ

ƷһָȭȻһȭ˳ȥ
䣡
ֵܵĹҲһ˲䣬ȫɢ޷ֵƷȭ
ֵܶʱ󺧣ԼĹƶڳƷ˵һ
Ҫ֪֣ͨصĸ֣ȫ⣬һʱ·硣
ڲŷ֣ƷʵҪ֮ͨϣӵĿֲ
ôôǿ
ǲŷ֣֮ǰڳƷʵĲ²⣬ûһǰȷĵط
֮ǰ֮УƷͨأǾǼΪ˲õģȻڣǲŷ֣ԡ
־ŭֱӳųƷٶȷ˹
Ʒ˿ֻȭȻ͵һȭһ˲䣬󣬳һɫ޵Ӱɫ޵Ӱ͵һͬһȭ
أ
أ
أ
ֵܼһҽͱ˳ȥͬߵķһ˲䵹˳ȥ׷Ѫ
ʱڿֱЩҲˣǰһĻǶڳƷţ־شպյĵֵܣǶЩɵˡ
⡭Ҳ̫ǿ˰ɣ
ǳ̫ǿˣ
ұżʲôʱܹгʮ֮һǿ󰡣
˳ڣЩɽ˻ҪţҲǸܵˣ
ܿ죬϶ˢһ仰

ս֮ϣһз˵ʯ֮䣬˶û뵽ʱһоѾˡ
µ飬ֳƷ֮ǰǿˣҲǿһ㣬ֱǿһĿǰ˵ĵزˡ
ο飬ʼˣţгƷڣǵֵҲͷˣ֮ǰ³ƷǵֵܵĶ֣ڲŷ֣̫С˳Ʒˡ
ϵҲȥˣĻֱ·һ
ǵֵܱƷһȭͺ˳ȥֻоԼڲһǰδеĿ־ڶ˼ǺĬͬʱ˷Ӵܶȥ
ʱҪߣƷЦһһץһץУȻ󻯳һڳ
ˢ
̤֮һ˲䣬Ѿ˵ֵܵϴǰ
ã
ϴʱãȻѾˣûƷôܹ׷ɱһâ˺ѿ˲񷣬Ѿɨ
ͣ
ϴ󼸺ɲǼ䣬ͱն룬ͬһ䵽˵ϡ
һնɱϴ֮󣬳Ʒûκͣǽ̤ɲǼѾ׷һߵĵ
ϾͲ˳Ʒ׷ɱʱðҲû뵽ϴȻôûãԳƷȻôһжֵסͱɱˡ
ʱֱת˱壬һͷּңһͷԵȮһޣ͵һӳųƷɱ˹
ͣ
Ľֺ͵ϴҲûκ𣬼һ˲ͱâ˺˿Сɽһľ޴ֱ䵽˵ϣ涼ھҵĻζҳһ޴ӡ
ڴʱǵ϶Ѿܳȥ˺ԶѾоƷϢȻûü΢һ
ȴͻȻоһɿֲϢֱӺɨƷ֪ʲôʱ򣬱ſһ֮ɲǼ䣬Ѿ׷ٶʮ
ôô죡
ǵ϶ʱȻ翴Եħһ㡣
䣡
Ʒһ̤˳ȥͺһͷڼֱ̤ӽ϶ݺߵ˵ϡ
أ
϶ݺײ˵ϣֱײһӣȫĹͷɢˣӦһìֱ˵ϣֱ


1069 ٶȴ
һ˵ʵֻ֮ѣ֮ǰޱȣҪֱɱͳµĵֵܣ˳Ʒϡ
ֻ߹һغ϶ѣǾѾȫʧȥģ֪ƷɵѹжôĴ
ƽһƬڣ˶ΪƷնɱ˵ֵܶڡ
֮ǰֵŵҪֱɱͳµʱҲ˾ͺ޵ġ
ҲףںֵĿĺȻΪ˴ĺʿȻȴûκΰ취ȴûκΰ취
ڳƷˣȻûʧɲǼ䣬Ѿڵĵֵնɱ
ȻʲôɽǶ֣
Ҽǵ֮ǰкɽϴ˵Ҳôбµվ˵
ܶ˻ר@Щɽͺ˻ģȴҲûа취
ƷɱһĻɱ˵ֵܣҲе±ˣһ޴ޱȵĴݺݵĴǵϣֱӰǴЩɵˡ
˵֮ǰĻֵ߲ǻԽƱĻôڵֱֵܿƷɱҪҲûа취
˾вʣҲ˵Ʒ˵ĻˣһЩͨĸ֣ǸףҪƷֵزжôѡ
һԿ϶Ʒս϶ͨϣӹɵġ
Ʒһֵ߽ܵʬһ߶ֱͷ˵ͷ
˶׳Ʒ˼ƷӣȻưոݣնɱͷǿͨ޲ֻǸոտʼѣԲǽ
ϴɾӣɣ
ƷЦһ˵
Ʒرֱõͷݹ䵽˳ͳµıϡ
ôˣڿɺãƷʵ
ûʲôϵˣǻã
ʱǿվ˵ǿѹסƣȻûкãֻҪȵĶùû⡣
һߣҲڽֱ۸ˣͨȷʵˣȻնֱкüʱ䣬ܹӵϣֻǻǺ
Ʒ㲻˲ôʱ濪˵
⵽˱˵İ㣡ƷԵĽʥ֮еͳͳ˵һ¡
ʲôշʥأ̫ˣʱ澪ϲ˵βףƷշʥ˵ζʲô
˵ȫֲ߶սϵĲ㣬ɽͺȣƾ㣬ֲ֮󣬻Ҳûκˡ
ڳƷȻܹշʥأǳƷȻ赭дһµһͨΧ顣
ȻҲͨĸ֣ܹףжôգֱ¡
ĻûлŻĿԣ׼ȷ˵ĻݵΧˣΪûʸ
Ҳһ㣬ûж˵ȻƷ˵ǾǲǵģȻöȥѯʲô
Ȼ棬£ȸңƷôţȻĵɲ֮ǰżڵĵطںܽҪȥȻҲûʲôΣա
ż֮еĵط뿪Ļܾܿͻײɽĸ֣ĻǳƷɾͰ׾ˡ
ˣ֪˵ôƷʵ
Ҿʱ֪ˣż󣬵ȴҲûдǸزֻҪܻнģ˵
ţҲôģ
Ʒ
֪һ㣬潫ƭʱ򣬵ʲôĿܲܿտڰľͽ˶ƭɣ
Ʒ
Ҳһֱ֣Щͨĸ֣ĸǾ֮ˣôܻô㱻ƭ
㹻棬Ǹܵ顣
Ϊ˵
Ʒʱһ˲ʲô
ܳ˶û˽ĸ̡
һּڳŴ֮УҲǼΪйļء
йصļأҲǺͰշйϵΪһܹǿߵĹ̷֮󣬰շļ¼
ڳŴ֮оһһȻչһȻ
ʱʱˣΪʲôЩ˾Ȼᱻͳͳˣ֪Ĵڣ¾ûмܹ


1070 ޵ɽ
ͬڳƷ֮д󲿷ֵ֣ͨʵһ⣬ǰ·ѶϣÿһεͻƣҪϵҪķѴ顣
ʥ֮еЩͨĸ֣ǰ·δϣֻҪͰоͿˡ
˵Щܹͨĸ֣κһʵ϶ţǰ·Ѷϵ£߳һ·ʥأߺɽҪȴȱ㹻ĵ̡
ҲǳƷʥش˵Ĵ伮ĸԭ򣬴Ӹֲϵȱݡ
֮нܹ߲ͨεĸΪ
ÿǴǷȫɳ׶ܹЧҲв
Σ³νҲͨΪˡ
ΪˣЩ˲Żᱻƭôһ룬ƷҲˡ
ĻֻҲŹᣬбУֶ룬ѰЩԵͰһһУûʲôᡣ
ˣԭѹִҶ̲סҪˣǺֶΰƷ֪Ǽ٣
룬˵⼫пģǶͨ۹ȻһֻͨƬƵȡǣȻóѧҲ֪кܶƼֶܹƵԼ棡
ȡǵһ֦ʱѾ˹ҿѧԺоӹҿѧԺǱߵóĽۣ⼫пܾ˵ţ¶˼ЦɽͺΪ˽ƭȥ˺ôѪ
ô˵ż֮ˣƷ
Ҳͬ˵ͷģӦҲģ
ɽǺôֱʣȻˣôܹأƷЦһ˵ҾҪ˲ʧ
Բ뺣ɽУڸ߶ϾѾǵĶˣ䵽ǵУǾ͸Ƕˣ
ģòҪǵƱһգ
ƷһЦж־ڱصãɽͼ֮бҩɽ
ֵ滷Ϊ̣ѰͿֵģҲ֣Ȼ֮Ѹİ
ҩɽǡþ߱ʲôĵرڱҩɽ֮Уܹܺõ档
Ʒ쿴磡
أأͻȻ˵
ĸնͶһ棬ȴһƬ޴ޱȵɽ֮ǰ˶ܹɽ֮УһԼĪ߸˱УϴˣвƼΪأΪֻѾ
Щֲһ󷨣ɽڱУǿա
ڻǰһӰɽȵϷһӣԼĪʮҵģһΪɫۣΪ
ȣɽȺݺһߣɽȾȻҵĶ
¡
ǿ֧Ľ磬Ƭ֮䣬ͳ˾޴ѷ졣
ʱתͷ˾ͷ˵Ʒ㲻Ǻŵնɽĸôˣڸһܹһڸϵлǣ⼸඼Ϊҵвͣ
ƷƵ֮УǱɽ֮еˣо⹫Ҫ⻧ƽԪ˧ˣ༸ҲպĴڣȻڶΪǱıС
¹Ƶ
Ʒһ壡
ڵһ֮˵
Ҳ˵ͷȥǱȻǱ߲޵
Ʒ鵭Ȼ֪ܲԷĴ㣬϶ЩΪԼȥһȥôȻ޵ƷȥԷҲԳնɱǼĸ֣˳شƷ
ҶԿ
Ǻƣ
ƷҲֻ˵ԷǺôƣ漴ƷֵȻ֪һ壬һҪȥ
Ϳæ˵֪ղ˵˭ǿ¹δ󽫾˪Ϊɲ⣬ԴӶʮǰ¹Ĵ󽫾λ͸˼Ϊصʧ
¹ɽ֮һ˵Ǹƣܹ¹ӱΪͳ޵Ĵ󽫾˪ΪȻ˵ȻǼΪ
޷ѣƷЦһ


1071 Ƕ֪ʲô
ƷֻǲסЦ˪ΪԼԶԼ׼޵ҪԼѷɡ
ܿϧȻǲ֪ƷʵʲôıƣҪԱʵΪС
ǻ˳ƷҪ޵ֻƾһˣҲɱһ췭ظ
ƷҪһ£˪϶ֻһˣȻкܶ浣ĵ˵
ʲôֶΣʲô޵Ʒҡҡͷ˵Ƕ֪ʲô
ԳƷڵʵֱӳ嵽ɽԴҲаա
Ҳòȥ⹫ǱߣףƽԪ˧ҲǱߣұѡ񣡡Ʒ˵
ȻˣͷҾһ˰ɣ
ʱᶨ˵Ѿ˾вϺǳƷǳ£ǳҵϣҲϣܶ
ͬȥ
ȳƷµ
ȻϧȴҲηһսܹͨĴڣûһС֮ҲûдͻƵͨ
ãȻˣǾͬͬ£
Ʒο˵Ȼһ˼սңͳԸһȻٺòˡ
˴֮󣬼̾ͳһɽȷȥ
ϣʱѾ׷ˣ˪ſޱȵĻ˺޵ġ
Ȼ˽ѵȴ˪ıڵȴųƷˡ
ⲻһıӦ˵ѹһıЩĸֱȳƷ
ٽƷնɱĵġ
ƷϣҲĵĶ룬Ǿʹ䣬ô᲻롣
˶ڴ˪ƣȴûκΰ취޷档
һӺ󣬳Ʒڸոպøϵһɽ֮С
ʱɽ֮⣬˪ӰƯɽ֮ϣƷת˳Ʒˡ
һƷǺõɫ֪һı㻹ͳҾһӢۣһȫʬ
˪ЦſųƷ·ѾܹңԶδƷһ㡣
ȫʬƷЦһ˵Щвҳ֣ⲻ֪Ҳȡе
ҿǲ̫ˣνһ˵ͷѾͷˣ
˪Ц·ڿһ֪֮ˡ
첻ҪЩͳͳҪ
Ʒ
ʱɽ֮еҲϳ˳ƷǰȣʵҪǿ̫ˣɳƷµͨԪҲǰͨ
֮ͨμһεж˭֪˲⡣
Ƕɽ֮Уδüһͱ¹˪˲á
ҲһαȻҪʱ򣬳ƷȴͻȻˡ
ףƽǴʱ֮жϣĹâһζ˵һξ޴Ĵ
ϣˣ
Ծһ壬Ʒϵˣ
ƫƫڣﲻæ
Ʒһܣѵֻôһôһ²ɱ
ǲ񣬲Ҳãģ
˪Ц
أΧͻȻͶʮӰƷͳŰΧס
УȴһӰۡ
쵰Ȼҳǵǰ
ĿĿǸߣ档
ɽ֮еЩǿҲһ޵ҧгݣ棬Ҳڻᱻ
ߺߣΪʲôҳͳͳңΪʤߣЦ˵
֮⣬Χʮ֣ͨһȫǺɽĸ֣Щһͨ붼ͨϵĸ֣лкüͨصĸ֡
ݣѹĸֻᱻɾˡ
Ͼĸ֣ͨһصأͨصҲ࣬ɽȴձ鶼ͨϵΪ
ҲȫѹһϵĴڡ
ǵڼʹƷ棬˵
˶Щɻ󣬿棬ƺ֪ΪʲôƷô˵
ȻܹϵóЩȻ˵µʹ
滰䣬ƷʱΪʲôԺյսͻȻˣӦ˵һʼЧҵĶֻ֮ǰû֪ѡ


1072 һһ
ͺʥκҼһû֪ԭκҼΪκȻļͬʱǱ˵
˼ֱһëȻĸо
κҼһҵĴڣȴǱµӣǺεȾ˵ʵ
ȫĵ񾿾жôӴҲû֪ⱳжǱС
óƷǣ֮ǰصôãû˷֣ȻȴҴ󷽷վ
ôҲζţºܿҪˮˣΪ񲻹ʲôĿģȻѾʧȥˡ
ߣ㲻ǸνЦӰˣ㱳ҪôȻҪ𣡡
Ʒ˵
㶮ʲôΰܹ˽ģҷֺҶٱı֮ϣ˵ȵҽΪΨĴ֮£δ
֪ƣϴԵĿɱ֮ˣƷЦ˵ͨĸ֣ĸͨ쳹صĴʵиߵͺȴϴԳΪ˱˵ӣֱЦ
˵ʲôʱŭɶ·Ʒۡ
䣡
ʱŭֱӷųƷ˹ЩɽĸҲ
ʮͨĸּɲǼ䣬ͬʱ˹
ͳ˶ʱȫȫķ۵һ𣬾ҪҲƷֵʱ
سƷȴ˹
ǲó֣󼴿ɣҳ֣
ƷЦһֿµĹһ˲ȫѹÿһֲƣƬɽȶھҵĶɳʯѹ·һƬĩһľ
Ʒη壬ȫƷڶѪʮɽͨĸֶţ˿·硣
Ʒָȭȫķȫɢ˳ȭͷ˳γһɫޡ
䣡
Ʒһȭ˳ȥһȭȭ֮ɲǼ䣬ҫƬأɫȭ֮ЩʮͨĸĹȫɢ˿
ʮͨĸֺĹȫɢ˿ʮֵǰΪ֮һֻͣоһɹɷ֮ɨ
һɨǵؿڣǼҪһѪ˳
ʱΪ֮һֲ֮ͣ˼飬ƺȫû뵽ƷֻһȭѣȻܹʮ˶·硣
ɱ㣡
Ʒһȣ֪ʲôʱȻѾȳɱǰ
ʱһָȭһȭ˳ȥ
أ
һȭ䵽˳ƷϣƷһۣȭɢ˿ûа취˿Ӱ졣

һҽУˣһȭ䵽˳Ʒϣһɸӿֲϣֱ˲ͷϵˣ⳹ըʱѪ졣
һ˲䣬ѾʶˣԼ²ǳƷĶ֣ʱˡ
ǳƷôܷŹֱһ׷ȥֱһƺɨ
أ
汻ƷһƻֺݺݵĺУ嶼ھҵĲȫһɿµС
һҽ֮˲鿪Ѫ£ֱ֮ء
һзչٶʵ̫ˣ淢˷ٵƷһ棬ٶʵ̫ˡ
쵽ڳ˶ûзӦĵزһ˲䣬ֳһƬһļž
ͳ»ȫһĿɿڴӣȻ֮ǰҲȻƷһƾ棬ޱȵ𺳡
͸˵ףƽˣǻǵõƷնɱʱ򣬶ٻǷһֽŵģڣֻһƾ棬·һֻӬҲѲȥӡ
ڳƷֵı𵱳Ҫ͵ĶˣһƺҲûйȥܾõӡ
ң
˪ڷӦ˹Ʒ棬档
ȻҲں࣬ǳƷôǶơ
һ¾͵ˣҲżôһ̣
ƷЦ˵߸߾ֱۣʱɲǼ䣬֮۶ɣɲǼ䣬ͻ˵ǹʮ˰
䣡
䣡
䣡
һҵһ֮Щǹȫͷ˳ȥͬһ㳯ǰʮɽͺͨĸϯȥ
ͣ
ͣ
ͣ
ЩʮɽͺͨȫɲǼ䣬ȫɱ


1073 ΧȦЦɱ˪
һжѣЩɽͺͨͳͳɱûκ
ͨҲײһ㣬ͨصĸ֣ˣûκĳƷĹǰһһ
һʱ䣬һļž˶ȫȫɵˣǳͳˣʱ˳Ʒ֮ǰ˵Ļ
Ƕʲô
ڿֹЩɽͺ˲ףҲףʲô
ͨĸ֣յ˵ӦͨȻǲףǵĲ̫ˣ˽ͨĸֿεȵĵز
Ķ֣һ˾Խֵ췭ظͬʱһҲԶסһз粨ͳһ˱㶨סеķ粨
ڣƷһ޶
ʱ˪Ѿû֮ǰִСˣѾܹоƷĿֲѹ
һ־ʮͨĸ֣ͨأͨĸ֡
Щںɽ֮Ҳǵ֮Ѱͨûʸһεж
صĿųƷȫķܣɿֲĿ񳱣ȫѪӿ
һץʱץһ˷컭ꪣһ˷컭һ˷ͨѩףȻǹƶɵģ׼ȷ˵նɱһͷ޵Ĺͷƶɵġ
ȻֻǹͷȴʲôҪĸӼ̵Ķˡ
ͳҲ̿ˣ˪ȷʵȫͬǽһһ㡣
ȻԳƷģǻ̲ס
Ʒ۾ǰ˪ȷʵ˲ͬʵǿѾͨأֻ¾ͨ۷壬Ҳֺֻѡ
ֽ׶ε˵ȷʵɶԿҵܹϧ˳Ʒ
˪Ҵ⣬Ƶķ컭ɲǼ䣬ѾһһĲɲǼ䣬ڷ컭Ͽ̻һͷХǾȻֱӻ˳ɱ˳Ʒ
ûκ֣Ϊ֪һ֣ǵȴģ¾·һˡ
һֲ֣Ĺѹ޾ĿԶܹƬɽڵĿڱγɿµ񳱡
ƷһȻ漣ĶסⱾҪȫ߱Ŀ
Ȼָȭȫ˸ŽɫĹâȭ˲ŷһɫޡ
䣡
ХǺͽɫ޺ײһɲǼ䣬Ŀ񳱼Ҫɽȸ
ͳҲˣٿȻҲ֣ͨսನ˵Ҳо޴ѹ
Ǳشܲɿֲ˵ѹ
֮ϣХſѪڣҪǽɫȥȻȴǽɫһȭͺѪ֮УֱӽХǴ˸Դ
ôôǿ
˪ȫţƷֻһȭѣͽ⾳˷飬޷κв
ڸʱ䣬ƷһȭȭȥƲֱӶХ֮ȥƲǽɫ޾ֱķ
𣡡
˪ϵķȫϯһХǣӭһɫ޶ϡ
䣡
ֻڽӴһ˲䣬˪ХǾͱƬȫ޷ֵ
䣡
ʱ˪ҪѾˣֻǿӲһȭʱͬײһĿֲ˪ˣؿڱһѪ
ϵĶУܵػѪΪˡ
Ϊʲôôǿ
˪ϵŭֻоȫѪ𶯣ھҵĲ
ֻһνֶѣƷʹӸѹ
ƾֻɫҲ޵ңǿЦһ֪ƷЦ˵˪Ϊǵ޵ﲻЦѡ
ʥ֮УͨɴΧֳǽһĿְֲΧݣСˡ
˪ʵʱ֮ҲвСĲࡣ
˪ŭɶֻһȭͱƷˣѡֻǿȫķһеĹƷ컭ꪣٶն
ɲǼ䣬Ʒо·ȫµųԼԼҲ˪סһ㡣
ֻǰһַѾȫ߱
䣡ƷֱΪһֻ񣬺գֱӺ䵽˹Ʒ컭֮ϡ
أ
Ƶķ컭ꪵֱӷ˳ȥڰ֮һһı鿪
˪Ҳûõȥ񵱳Уը˿
˲


1074 
һ
Ʒ˵ɱ˪˵Ƕֵý飬֮ǰܻһֽţȻڲƬ֮伴ɻɱ˪
֮󣬳Ʒʵ͵ȣֱ췭ظı仯
Ȼˣ
ɽ֮еףƽˣƺЩȫ˼飬ǶڳƷĵҲƷܹô׵ľͽ˪նɱ
˲ˣѾˣ
ףƽ˵ɵЩĽͳƷһȣĺ󱲾͸ʲôˣ˵ˡ
ͣҲûбһгϢĺӵܸοˡ
ҲֻǺЦͷ
һƷĶݹɽ֮С
ƷһҪû㣬ǿ¶ڽˣ
ףƽڣм˵
޷ⶼӦģƷ
ˣƷ㲻ùǼϼһ˪ȻѾնɱҲʲôΣգϽȥ˼Ѿͷɣ￪˵
⹫֪˼ôƷ
ţ֮ǰһжɢˣ֪һؾķȥˣ
˵
ҵӦûΣˣɽȻڶ࣬ڴ󲿷Ӧöеķˣףƽ˵
ȻѾ˼Ϣ͸ϽȥɣһȺһ𣬲µģʱҲ˵
ȻˣҲãǸϽȥҪͣ
Ʒ
ţ
æͷҲȷʵʺ
˸Ʒָ·Ʒõĵҩ֮󣬾Ϳʼżķȥ
ͬʱϣڳƷҲң˶ڵģƷǲǳʲô顣
ϾԿһıĴڣƷһͷȥĻǾѰ·ˡ
ǳƷȥ˵Ļһ
ϣȥϣֱ̫ìˣ
Ȼžһ壬ǳҲӦ԰ɣ
ʱɽĸҲ˷ˡ
Ʒˣߺߣ˪ǿ¹Ĵ󽫣ܹѣ
Ҳһ˵ѹͲȥأ
ҿҲǣ˵ѹͲȥأ
Щϴʱ򣬳Ʒ˻ٶȸ£ֻȼ֡
±УǵĴ󽫣
űһϵеƬ˳صʬ壬ȫǺɽĸֵʬס
ھ˶ݵ֮綼ˣ˶ΪЩƬȸԾ
֮ǰܵĳƷȥˣǾǽɽ뺣֮С
ȻڣƷȥˣһ˰ΧȦصʬףʤѷ֣˭ʤ˭Ѿǳˡ
ƷٶȴȫʤЩ޵ĺɽĸȴƷһ򾡣ɱ˸Ѫɺӡ
ǳ֮ǰĵȫǶģЩɽڳ߹һ㣡
֮ǰ̫߿ˣ
ɽôΣǱǳɱˣ
һƬڣЩԭźɽֵʺȴһӳĬˣҲû֮ǰϴʱŰ裬Щɵˡ
ҲףΪʲôƷôǿ֮ǰ֪ȫͬɶ˵ƷĶҪǿ̫ˡ
ǵţƷһδεĴֱӴһƢûˡ
ǵǽĸֿҪϾɱ£ڣȫתˣǼĸֱƷɱƬײ
֮ǰĻңڣȴֵĻ̻ˡ
Щ鷢ļǳ̣ʱ䶼ûеѾƷɱôĸ֣Ѿгʮͨ
ǸƵĺɽһʧôĸ֣Ƕͨϵ֮ͨеٮٮߣ֮ͨеľӢͬѰ
ʧʮѰͨʧҪΪּĸÿһĵŴɱ¾ͬһ㣬Ĺͨĸ֡
һʱ䣬ɽͺ巽涼ʧˣһΪɱĸ֣еϣ
ȻȴƷնôˣֻоԼˣ˵ЩͨȫǸ֮еĶ
ƷնɱڸɽĲ˵Ҳһ㣬һʱ䣬ѹƵ޻˵
ȫ죬ֻƺ֮ǰѾȫͬ


1075 ûǶҪ
֮ǰе˴ˮ֮УǺɽһˮȵ״̬Щնɱĸ֣һʹĸо
ôĸ־ô׵ľ
ȫ·ĳʱ򣬳ƷѾż
żһɫĴԼʮɸߣΪӴ֦Ҷï
һɢһʥϢ
һΧһ罫һȫУԷɵĽ硣
ڽΧһԼĪʮͨĸֱ֣ӪһΧס
ӪȻɽͺ壬Ӫˡ
ӪһΧסͬʱţƺ˭ҲöԷȡһ㡣
һ֮УƷϤӰһǺֻǺ˺ѵһǿ³ˣԺһߵĳв࣬ϻ˿ڣΪ
ںȴò˼꣬ȴʱ˼һϮۣ޳Ưڰ֮УȫɢŵĹâȥΪʥ൭š
·Ϲ·һ㣡
˼û£Ʒ΢΢һҲܹóȴ֣˼ʱɢһǿϵϢÿʱÿ̶ڱǿԽԽǿ
·һǿɢٽɱ䡣
ϣƷ̾жϳˣ˼꼫п̷Ͻ
ˣ޷Ϊʲô˼Ȼѡֵطͻơ
Ȼ֪˼꾿ôģǳƷһ˼ɢѾֱ׷ͨأò˶ãпܿͨء
Ȼǰ˫ܹ˼ȫȫҩЧȫոɾ
ƷĿתɽͺһɽͺһһҽŰΧ
Уɽһ죬һԼĪʮģˣһսףΪ䣬һһ㡣
һߣ죬ȴһԼĪʮģӣֻһ·ĳڽ̵°ɫۣϡ
Щĸ֣ͳͳΪ
Ʒȴеĸо죬Ȼ֮ǰһͬϴǸʹ֯ϢӦ˵Ȼǵͬ嶼ͬǰﶼһϵĹԴͬϢ
κʹ֯ĳƷһʱܹжϳ
뵽֮ǰ˵ģ岻֪ʲô˸ͳһԭɢµľ棬ǿͳϡ
Ʒʱжϣֻͳһ˺ˣпܾǸν
ʹ֯չֳʵҲûпܡ
ߣ׷赲ңŮĽȵǣʱǸȿʵ
Ǹս׵İ׷ҲֻЦһ˵ǲ赲㣬ȵôȱ̷ΣѵҲҩô
׷ֻЦ˵̫ˣֹװƽûʲôˣǸŮӣϡ
㱻̷Σֱط֮Ƴǽ˵ҩҩ
ɽ壬ԴȻʲôԵģɱޣȡڵҲû˻ʲô⡣
ȥҩˣпܱˣ
Ǻ죬
ȥͻƽͨأǸʱҪץɾûôˣԼȽƣȽץˣʱη˵Σ
ã
׷̾ѾˣӼȥֻ»пܱǸŮһ벶ȸںǾͿЦˡ
λأ
һе
һȰһӣʱȲΣ
˶ʱһǵΪȻûз˿֪ˣֻҲǷͬСɡ
ǿ˵ʱ򣬶ʱһȻϾ˭
ȴǺųһֵĳƷ˭ء
ƷǣȻû
ǰ׷̾ϳ˳Ʒݣʱ֮б˺˵Ĺâ
Ʒ˵˳ƷϵǸˣڴѪ˿ڲʥԹ˵˵ʹ顣
ǲǺʧƷЦЦ˵ûζţǻһܣ


1076 Ҫɱ㣬˭Ȳ㣡
Ʒҿǵʧķˣ
׷Ц·ڿһʧķļһһ
ƷȷʵıɱϣҪΪƷɱʥԹˣټϳƷһ֣ҪƣҪɱƷ
ȴóƷʲô˲õģ˵ףչЩ飬ʱЩ¼
ʱɽ򵽹ԵشҪĸϣԴ˵赲ɽǰĽŲֻǸʱѾˡ
Զ֮ϣһ廹Ѱ֮ϣǺѡ
ںһ֮УһӰƷ֮ǲ˼顣
ܣôܻ
¶˼ֲ˼飬۵޷š
ΪԳƷºֵǸˣǱˣ
ȷԼ˳ƷһѣԵʱֽŵĴ˵ƷӦǸûпܴŶԡ
ǳƷǵûʵļˡ
ƷĿҲת˹ȥһһͬ°ɫ۵ĺӣȻֻǾһƳǳƷǼס
ҵ黹û㣬㻹ҳҵǰ
Ʒ֮˸Ĺâȷʵܽˣǻʼս壬ǿȱһҪǿ̫ˣһˡ
Ҳ˺ܳʱˡ
䣡
Ʒһ±ȳ׵磬һ˵ٶȳӷ˹ȥ
ס
һȣһ£ЩĸѾͳͳ³ƷǱڳƷֵʱ򣬾Ѿһ״̬ʱǷ׷ŭŷ
ʮͨеĺּʲôĳ棬һ㣬ɲǼ䣬رɫһɿµϯ¡
ңסô
ѵĳڳƷȴСƶѣʥ֮УѾɱ̫ˡ
Ʒָȭȭָ֮͸һɫޡ
䣡
һȭɲǼ䣬ֱӽر˿Ƿʮͨĺַ׷Ѫˣ׼ȷ˵ӦǱ˳ȥ
ʮͨĸڳƷȭ£ǵжѣһȭͺ˷
ܣ
ɴ۾Ŀѡ
ƷĶû˿ָֹ̯ͣ͵һ˦ʱâָ⼤âƾը˿Ľ꼤˳ȥ
ɲǼ䣬Ľϯһ㣬֮䶼ġ
ڳҲ׷Լǰ˷ֶΣЩֵ
Щ֮ǰƷ˳ȥĺͨĸȴûôˣǱ֮ǰͱشˣһֱӽǸǣɲǼ䣬ͱɢ֮ء
ЩƷһ嵽Ǹ°ɫٳ۵ĺӵǰҪɱ㣬˭Ȳ㣡
æڶԸƷĽ꣬ȡ
ǸЩɵˣһ˵ʵֻһ˲ѣƷһȭ˺ôֵֽش
ٲһ֮նɱ
ɴ䣬û̫ʽǾô򵥵ʽڳƷϣȴĪ
ʱҲڷӦ˹һХأ˻һͷ޴ޱȵĺޣСɽһ㣬˫Ŀͨ죬ͬһѪɫĵһ㡣
Ǿ޴ɽһ㳯ųƷɱ˹ѾƷƵ˼£ԭζй¶˳
ԭ֮ʵҲ˾޴޴ɱ֮ơ
䣡
һµײ֮֮ƾѾƷ赲סˡ
ȴƷһֻ̽һֻ־ͽ֮Ƹ赲סˡ
һž޴޵¶ȫ˼飬̫ˣƷ̫ǿˣҪ̫ࡣ
һȣ֮УԪζһ˳ìֱӳųƷ˹ȥ
䣡Ʒһȥֱһ˳ìմ򱬣һѽǸӵԪץС
ǺӵԪƴͼһߣҲ˳Ʒɧţ˹
ۿžҪ˳ɹȴƷҲֱһƽӵԪˡ
ûԪ֧ţǺԭһӾ̱ȥڵҳһӣ˲
ʱ䣬һļž


1077 ľ
˵ˣҪɱ㣬˭Ȳ㣡
ƷЦ˵
ٷĺӵʵԺǿѾͨأʵڵһ֣ȻڳƷǰǶ֡
ãããõĺܣƷˣ
ݺݵĿųƷ
һҰĻǺܴ󣬲ҵҪЩνʹһһնɱʱǵ᲻ƷЦ˵
ԭҪ֪Ǹν񾿾ʲôˣʲôĴڣѾνˣΪ֪Է
ЩʹȫϴԣһӲͷҪǵʳʲôֻҲǲܵ顣
ϾѾǰ漸˵ľ飬ƷѾ
ʱʱףƷɱһʵϾԲûĿģϸĻոձƷնɱĵʹ͵ʹʹʹȫ˳Ʒϡ
֯Դӽʼûʧôʱ򣬲֪ͬʥ֮еĵʹҲѾ˳Ʒϡ
ǼˣʧҲʹˡ
ƷһĿһ㣬ҪɳƷ˼Ϊ˳Ʒ츳вǴ⣬ǲɽ֯Ҫնɱ
˵ʹ֮У˭֪֮󣬾ͱһѣ֮ʹӶıɱ֯ĴڣǶڳƷɱ֮󣬳ƷָǺ˵ɱɱɱ֯˵Ԫˡ
һ͵ˣ֮ǰնʹǵڼʹƷһЦ
ͫ΢΢һʹȻ֪˲ͬʹʵѾͨ۷壬Ȼ˳Ʒϣòϣ֮ǰڳƷеĹƶǴģ˵ȫġ
ƷĿ£Զ
ĸ󻼣ұҪ߾ȫնɱڴˣ
ʱûСƷ˼෴ģ֮б˺˵ɱ⡣
һߣ׷̬ȻףƷֻҲǷͬСɣصֿʼ˫ĺΪĻĺ֡
ڿȻĻĺ֣ĺ滹ˣҲòڸȻͬˣȻϣǻǾ֡
ڼƻ֮У֮ɽͺҲչؽȨᡣ
ʱǿףƷʵֻ·ͬСɣ֣ԴȻƷղ˺һֶͨΣҲоĺ
ȻǺ壬ʵǻɽֻҲ࣬ƷǿԳԽѰͨѰͨǰûκ塣
Ҳдܸɽĸ֣ҪƷͻȻѡ
ʵҲҪѣղųƷĿֲսѾŵð
֮Уʲôʱôֲ;׵ļһ
ղźٵľ棬ֻҲòĶȥǼǱܵĽȫĹݵ˼ޣʱ׼֡
ڽ֮У˻ɱ䣬˼֮⣬ҲڱĶѣ֮оѣΪʲôʣ˭룬ȫ̿˳ƷɱЩ׷ɱµصĺ֡
͸Űһ
ֻо⼸֮󣬳ƷʵԸֲˣ͵ʱȣֱһһ¡
ʱȻǳƷĶ֣ܵ˵˫һˮƽϣڳƷĸоȴһָͷͿ
Ҫ֪ڿǱǰǿ˳Ʒ֮ǰзѾͨ۷壬ֻһɿͨء
ԳƷʱ򣬻û˿֮
֪˱ȣȻ֪࣬ԵĳƷѾ⿪ʼ֪Ǽٵġ
ΪƷͳƷΪһ壬Ʒû飬˲֪ѵҲ֪ô
Ʒ飬¾ҪһᣬȻпᣬȷʵʵû£ζųƷҲû¡
ƷٶȹʱʵȻ˷츲صı仯
͵ǿ˺ֹһ
˵֮ǰܻһС˼ôһС˼ûˣΪ֮ڳƷһ֮䣬ΪƷʵ
Ʒʵֱͬһķˣδǰ;Ҳͬ˵ǰ;
л봫˵еͨ۷֮УΪ


1078 Ʒڴɱɱ
ɱң˵ĺܹõһ
ƷЦ
֯εҵ鷳κΣգǲȫǣͷ֮ޣ
ʹ֯ҳƷ鷳ӵһεʹֵһΣ͸ʱĳƷв
ǽҶ˺˵˵ʹֻµƷͻһսƷȻʱΪȵʹԲֹһ
ɣ
ʱȵȫķ
ڴ֮ǰ
Ʒ䣬ζʱʧԭأֱʧ˵
ԭѾȫעȫ䱸ɽͻȻ֣Ʒ֪ʲôʱȻѾͻϮǵĸǰ
ɾű䣬һһ죡
ڳƷһչһ㡣
Ʒϲ֪ʲôʱ򣬾Ȼֳһ
ˢ
һâ˸ɲǼ䣬նһµĽâ
Ǹɽĸ֣ӦԼǰµĲҲ·һֽһ㣬ɲǼ䣬ͱ˿
ͣ
ͨĸӦͱƷһն룬޷赲סƷնĽâ

׷ŭû뵽Ʒ֮ǰһҪɱӣתۼͶɽĸ֡
ֱȷ鶼Ҫ죡
׷ܻ׷ɱ˹ͼ赲ƷĽŲ
ƾǣ赲ңƷЦһ
ƷɲǼ΢΢ζϣȻֱӻ˾ŵӰ
ÿһֱӷһɽĸ֡
Ӱ
һʱѾƷ似ĵزˣѾ˴ֻĵزͨĵز
ͣ
ͣ
ͣ
Ʒٶʵ̫ˣһɲǼĹ򣬳ƷľŵӰͬʱ˽
âɲǼ˺ѿǵķ磬ǵķڳƷնĽâǰһ
ɲǼ䣬ЩɽĸֱѾ˹ˣ

׷ŭЩȻɽĸ֣ʥԹ֮еĶ֡
һʧ룬ʥԹҲһҪԪˡ
ûãǵٶȱƷ˵̫ԶˣҲͨ۷壬߶ȫĹҲϳƷٶȡ
ֻĿųƷڴɱɱ
ŵӰֱչ˳Ʒ֮С
ʣµЩɽĸҲʼ׷׳ԱȥͼܿƷķâ
ղЩ˲һĳ棬Ƕʱܹ衣
Ȼǻǵ͹˳Ʒʵ
Ȼǳ˷ɢܹӵùƷء
Ʒһ֣֮֮зڶֱӻ˵ǹꪣʮ˰飬γһƬꡣ
ಣ
ಣ
ಣ
ЩɲǼϯɿµı꣬ЩɢӴɽֵʱ󺧣׷תı귢ϯȥ
ȴ֣Լ߾ȫȴ޷赲ϯ
ÿһըѿ޾
ôֱը˿ɲǼͽըķǣͨǿһɿµǰûκô
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һµըѵض𶯣ĳˣɳʯ·һƬʱĳ

׷ʱоʹһĸо֮ǰ¾ĸֵʱҲûԼҲͬҪһĻ
׷񱩵ĳųƷ˹϶ദһ˺ɫĳì񱩵Ĺȫͷ˳
׷ʥԹǶ۹ڱƷնɱʥ֮֮ϣҪǿһߡ
Ȼֻһ߶ѣͨ۷֮Уÿ˶Ѿߵͨļ£ֻǿһߣΪ˲õġ
Ҳڰ׷֮£ͬ˹˫֮ͬ˸ų޵Ĺâ
úã
ƷЦûη壬ȫͷŶƥս˼¡
ֱָȭһȭȭͷϱ˿ֲĹâһȭ䵽ɫì֮ϡ

һ޴ޱȵĺһ·ƬضžҵĲ
ͣ
׷ֱһѪ˳˫۶ڶը˿Ѫɡ
ˣŭΪԼǿ󣬼޵УʥԹ֮Ҳһĸ֣ȴƷƵϡ
ֱң
׷ѪˣǳƷŹȭڶɿµٶȺ
׷ѡֻѡӲӡ
أ
׷ڵһĺ˳ȥڴڵѪ


1079 ڧն
Ʒȭ̫ͣʥԹ壬ǿһͳƷȣҲˡ
׷ֱӺɳȥף䡱һ׹һ㣬ײһСɽ֮УֱӽһСɽը˷顣
ޱȵĺˣ˵ɱҲͬǿĿ£ֱȭȭս¼ˡ
֮ǰôͨĸͬʱֵĶҪ󣬿νҡض
Ʒ
׷һ˵Ұһӳױ˿һ
ǿҪһƬսȻɱƷǸոս־֪˱˴֮Ĳ࣬
Ʒ̫ˣӦ˵̫ˣŲǶʮѣͶʥԹ˵ûƷȴѾɳ˲˼ĵز
ȻǣȻһ֮·ʱھܹȡüΪ˵ĳɾͣٶԶЩ೤塣
һߣ֪ʲôʱҲѾ嵽˳Ʒǰһ׷ʱôܣΨЭпܽնɱ
Ͱ׷ȣ׳ƷĺҪ֪üʹڳƷϣƷ˵ɱҲɱˣûκĵطɴ˿ɼƷ˾Ĵ֮ˡ
ûߣЦԸղųƷչֳٶԶˣҪӳƷѣǲܵ顣
ǽƷشɱƷ˭ߡ
һӡʱڰ֮УһɽųƷ
̩ɽӡ
ǰ棬ƷҲòʱŹ԰׷׷ɱһƾҲ뵲ңˣ
Ʒһεضαֱӳľɽһȭ˳ȥ
䣡
һɽڰֱ֮Ӿը˿Ĺ㣬Ͼֻ̩ͨɽ
ʱֻؿһƣзأ̩ɽӡϱǺɨ˸ӲӲӲ̩ɽӡ˵ǳƷ㣬ֱһȭ䱬ˡ
ʱΪʲôɵѵİ׷ȻһȭҷɳȥƷΪֱֲȫࡣ
һȭ䱬̩ɽӡ֮󣬳ƷûͣЪ㳯ķɱ˹
ȻҪҾն㣡
Ʒ߸߷ɲǼ䣬һ˺˳ȥջ־һͷ޴ޱȵ룬һȼҪضиǿֲƿֲɽӶʧɫ
ʱƷʩչȣ͵Ǹʩչֱһһأһ˵ǺѰʽʩչлΪڵĳƷˡ
ʱֻо󱳺ëĻ˶ҪƷһɨ롣
̩ɽӡ
оΣǲҪǮһ߶ڵķ°ɫĳ۱ĵģӡٶȿ磬ҪƵĲӰˡ
һһľɽƾ۶ɣ׷׳ųƷķ
ƷֻһХһȭȭ춯أµȭɢһж飬Щɽֻһȭѣͱ˸Դ
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ȭȥƲֱӺɱǰ
ϱǿĹâǰγһ磬С
Ȼûκôֻһȭѣͱ˸ԴֱӺ䵽ϡ
ۣ
ֱһѪֻоȫĹͷһһ˸飬һɿµȭ֮зڡ
䣡
ݺˤ˵ϣֱӽҳһ޴Ĵӡ
ֱӱˤ˸߻أǵƲ˰׷ʱֻ÷ζҪըˣ˵ô࣬ϧ赲סƷΪ׷ȡָʱ䡣
˭뵽׷ĵҪߣûйڵأֱתˣ˵ơ
׷ľͼˣƷӣ־ܹԸ˵ôȻѾԽһμĴˡ
ߵһ㶼ˮֱŲżӴܶȥ
ƷȻҲ˸ŽᣬɵЦһȴҲ֣˱ǵжԾĶϵѹ֮£ǿˡ
һлᣬϾͻԷԥ
Ʒû˿ֱ֣۸߸߾һìУȻ͵һ˳ȥ
ͣ
ìѸײڶֱ֮ӺɨƷһìҪ˵ϡ


1080 ն׷
Ʒһ˵ϣ漴Ʒ׷˰׷ķ
Ʒ֮չٶȿ磬һһ㣬Ѿ׷˰׷
׷Ǵ󺧣Ҳû뵽ƷȻ׷ô죬Ƭ֮䣬Ѿ׷ˣֵĻᣬϣΪȡһЩʱ䣬ܵ㹻ԶóƷ׷
˭룬һжһգ飡
𣡡
׷һȫڷ⣬ֱһȭųƷ˹ɢ˿µȭĹâȫѪһͨųƷɱ
ôµһȭѰͨ۷嶼ӲӣⱻֱӴǳƷȴǲܲˡ

һȭֱӺ䵽˳ƷϣһһȴóƷ΢ҡһ£ǷϢȫ
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׷¶˼־飬Ҳû֮ǰ޵еƣ˵ӳƷĸо
̶̼нܹоƷʵ֮ϣֲֿʵȫȫѹ
ΪˣҲû֮ǰָ߸ϵĸо
ȵ׷عʱȴƷ֪ʲôʱѾ̵ǰ
ҲʲôĶֻǼ򵥵һȭ˰׷ϡ
׷һҽУ˱˳ȥݺײһɽ֮ϡ
ƷûзŹǼȭݺ
أ
أ
أ
Ʒÿһȭ䵽˰׷ϣ·ײһ㣬һµĺ
ڰ׷ֲסˣζֲסˣֱӻһϰɳİɫ
ȴʱһɫƬƬѪǱƷҳġ
Ҳһͺǿ󣬻һˣѾƬˡ
𣡡
׷İɫһſѪڣУһɿֲϯһž޴ޱȵ飬ųƷ˹
Ȼ飿ƷʱЩĿŰ׷һ˵ֻп飬ıҲǱԴڣӵ޾ܡ
ֻпɵģһѪġ
Ȼ׷϶ʲôĻܹɴ˵е顣
Ʒǰһֱ̯˫֣һҵ˳ƷϣһɽҲ㹻ҳɷˣҲͿóƷ㹻ǿ赲
Ʒ̯֣ȭͷСץУֻоһɾǣ飬Ҫһקȥ
ߣ
Ʒһֱͬһֱ˰׷޴
𣡡
׷һҽУ޴ݺײɽ֮ϣҪǳƷλᣬֱһȺɨ绯һµĵһ㽫׷޴ɨ롣
ųƷ߸߾ֱۣһУȻһì
䣡
׷ϰֱӶɽ֮ϣ౻ᴩǿͬһ壬Ҳ赲ס˲
׷һҲûˣƷĨľӡ֮Ϊá
ǼΪıڳŴ֮ҲǼΪ˵õģȻֻһ飬ǶĿǰĳƷ˵ҲģƳΪΪǿķ
Ʒʱûʱȥƣ׷ʬ֮Żصڵĵط
ʱĽ𽥵ļз˳μˣ
ţ
Ʒź˵ͷ˵һֲʱһᴫһͨѧ
ԣʱϲѾˣƷ϶ǻʲô˲õĴУĻˣгƷָ㣬Ͽ߶ԩ·
ҲɽӪˡ
ʱƷһò֮ǰ˼Ϣ𽥵һ㡣
ȥ̷˼ֻܹ꣬һͻƵͨ۷Ҳס
ƷɵȻʧЦ˶ǳģֻ˶û뵽ᱻ˼ɡ
Ʒջ࣬Ϊһǿǧѷ
Ʒֱһ֣ͽ˼ɽͼĿռ֮УɽͼĿռ֮мУ
Ȼٻֻľ֣һγ˵棬Ȼֲɽͼеıҩɽϡ
ȻͬƷ²ǰ㣬ûκųķӦ
Ʒ漴˺߰ɣǳȥɣ


1081 Ǵɱɱ
ƷںıϣһХٳżӶȥ
ոմܳżƷʱͷ֣ʱżѾսһˡ
Щһĳ棬£ףƽ˶
ʱżĳڴɽͺȻѾ淢ͷ޷˹
飬е򶼸ˣôܼ˶ͨĸҲͻΧȥ
ͨĸȻǿ󣬵ҲҲܱɱҲ⣬ֻǿԸԸ⸶㹻Ĵۡ
Щĺɽ֮УвͨޣЩǿ޵Ĵó˽˲á
սƷżʱ򣬸ӲңΪɽͺиĸָ֧ԮгƷЩʥصĸֵ֧ԮҲʹɽͺ˸ĸ֣һӾͽ˸
Ҳ֪ż֮УɽͺһϵѾȫ˳Ʒϡ
ԴԴϵɱͼΧ
״ƷҲûжԥֱʳָָ£ֱһָǶʱһµĽâָ֮бŽ
â֮еޣǺޣǷޣͳͳը˿һѪ
ֻһѣһâǧ׳âɨ˵֮гɰǧޱɨѪ
ôĶȻҲ;˳ˡ
Ʒ澪ϲֵ˵
˵עҲת˹Ҳ¶־ϲ飬Ͼز˶סˣڳƷĳ֣ȻǶһ
ȻƷǲͬЩĸߴСɽһ㣬һҲɱֻʮֻޣǺͳƷȣֱС׼ˡ
Ʒһǳɰǧޱմ򱬣ǶҪĶˣԭǻ֣ô޵İΧ֮УƷôġ
ˣǾǻɱģ˭·˭ӲɱһѪ·
Ʒһ̤ӺıϷֱɱ޾Ⱥ֮С
޾޷˹Ʒת˻ʼȫµķں֮󣬳Ʒ֮ƿѾһǷ켫ĵز
䣡
ڳƷ״Ѿ׻һƬĺ󣬶ƷһƬ֮е
ҲǳƷͨ򣬷Ǵޣȫ֮
Щ޸޷Ʒ׷ױɽ̿Ȼͬһ䵽˺Уи޺ηĳ˹
ЩȻǿĸֲٿɱȻǺɽЩ壬ǻ֮ξͱЩ޸ǿܹȫٿЩޣЩҲûа취ܾѪѹ
ƷҲָĽϵĺɨâɨɲǼ䣬гɰǧ˳Ʒϡ
Уȥֱûûˣ
Ʒ΢΢üЩûûˣɱ¾ٶҲɱ꣬Ͼﲻ½ϣ޾֮С
޾֮жǿĺ޸֮ɱ֮Ҫָȫɱ⣬ǸܵģѺ˵ȫҲ
νսҹԵģǳǱͶսȥֻ¾ͻ;ƿˡ
Ϊ֮ƣֻɱЩͨˣնɱЩͨĸ֣ЩѰҲ᲻սƷ˾Щ޾㺷ηûʹ£Ҳûû˵ĳ
뵽Ʒ̾˾¼̤ɲǼ䣬Ѿɱһͷͨǰ
һͷƺҲû뵽ƷͻȻԼǰʱһſѪڣͼƷ˽ȥ
Ʒֱնһ˵Ľâһͷ޸롣
ͣ
һҽУ屻ն룬޴ֱȥѪȾƬ
ĺзķӿʼʳһͷͨ޵Ѫ⣬ɲͬѰޣͨĸ֣ˣѪ֮ж̺ǿϾЩ޵ķʳ
кܶзֱӸѪ⣬ָӺʹ
ƷҲûͣٶֱӷ˳ȥɱһͨĸ֡
ͣ
ͣ
ͣ
Ƕ̶ʱ䣬ѾƷɱʮͷɽͨޣʱЩη޵ĹƶΪ֮һ͡


1082 һɱ
Щ޺ηҲĲ֪ֻǱЩǿĺţǱȱܸӿµĴڡ
ڣЩͨޱƷһ¾˶ʮͷи޺ͺƿأûƵĴɢȥ
ʱ˵ѹС˺ܶ࣬ǲǲֻ֪ڵ״̬ܹԱͲˣҲûǸ
Ʒɱ¾δһԶ֪ƣɱ¾һһ˺ɱ˷ϵ£ң֮ޱնɱһա
һƬѾȫѪȾ죬޺ͺ޵Ĳп飬˸ĺޡ
ֻЩûбٿأóȻųƷ˽Ȼǻ۲ߣȴܹܵףƷĿ¡
ƷЩ֮м޼ɵ¾Ҳսϵע⣬ޣȻƷɱΪ֮һգ޺ͺ޸ǰ
ҲĽӼ˳ƷˣƷĽ˸˳ʱʿǡ
Ȼıˣ
ڵӣһնɱ˼ͷӽɱĺ֮󣬿ԶĳƷеĴɱɱвɵޱȡ
˵ҲʵúõһÿΣһʲôսǰʥ֮УģսҲ֮ս
ֹģѾƺƴ󣬵ǺսȸСơ
ģʽΪȺս
ʥ֮УŽսսܵһͶдͷĻᡣ
ȻȺսϣûĻᣬɽ壬Ǻηսˡ
ʧأֱӴһ֧󽢶ӣȻȴƽսˡ
ɽ뺣ʧȴû˺ˣΪͶսǲܵģͶֻᱻնɱڵȥƵҩȫҲô
Ͷ³ҲֻһΪ޿еѪʳ
ģʽսͷһνӴġ
һԴڳƷһ˵ǹƥᣬֱɱɽͺذΧ֮С
ȻȻˣ˸ȳˡ
Ʒͻɱɨ޵еģУ˼Ϊ̵ӡ󣬼ħһ㡣
οֹӣʥصĸҲˣǵһηӣ֮ͬǰǰ߸ϡ
Щָ𺳵ǣƷնɱֱͨͬݽһ㣬һһͷͨĺ޻ڳƷϡ
Ƿ֣ͨĽڳƷǰƨǣи˳Ʒһú˵¾ͨ֡
һճƷ˵˺˵㱾Ȼȴȫȫıˡ
ǲŷ֣Ʒ˵ֻҲнٶͨһ򾡵ʵ
ֻǳƷѡķʽ
γɶη塣
Ʒĳ֣ҲĽӿսʤϣ
ĽӶЩ޾޺ͺ޶ǼΪͷ۵ģȻ֪Ǳͨ޺ͺʹΪǺκεЩͨޡ
ԱѡΨкǴսùҵˮĻ׶Կ޾ޡ
ûа취֮ߣһһӿҲӣҲǶ༸ѣȻ˵һ̥ͿʮͷЧʸܹġ
ôӲƴͬ˿ڶ࣬һоͷۡ
Ʒĳ֣ṩȫͬһ˼·
ƷһնɱЩ˹ͨޣͬʱҲɢʶѰЩͨޣһͰ
ͨһ⣬ѡ
Ȼսϵͨ޲٣Ȼ޾ͨȣ̫ˡ
Ƕ̶ʱ䣬սϵЩͨ޾ͱƷһնɱ˴롣
ôͨδгƷһɱĶࡣ
ҲʿʶһĸΪʲôôҪȷʵӵ
ڳƷɱɱ֮ЩͨﻹǵǻۿɱһҪǿ̫ˣȻ׳ƷƥС
̵ģͿʼ˷ˡ
ûЩͨĸֵƿأʣµҲڱɱˣһɢ̸ʲô͡
Ǳľβ׷ɱǧʤ
ϣƷЩż־Ȼأ֮ɱ˺ɽϢֶߣʱһƬڡ


1083 ߺ˵Ʒ
һƬ׵ķڡ
ǳ񰡣
Щɽ߹
ҿЩһﻹʲô˵ģڳǰѹʲô
ϣ֪ƷѾΪеػһ㣬·ֻҪгƷĴڣûʲôµġ
Ͼֽľ棬Ʒһ֮Ťת˹
֮һγƷ޾֮նɱɽƵ˳֮󣬸˳ˡ
֮ǰȻ֪Ʒ˸ȻˣʵֻҲǷͬСɣֻ֪һȴ֪Ʒġ
ǵһƵ֮󣬾ͳˣͬʱȫˡ
ǵƷһնɰǧСɽһһȫʱ򣬸Ŀɿڴ
սСս˵Ҳӵɣ
ʵֱߺ˵
ӴԺ˵ǹˣ
Ȼܹƾǿز˵
ǰǶͨǿҲֻԴִ˵ͨѰȣҪǿ̫ˣȻͨĸ־жǿȴǲ֪ˡ
ƷĴڣɸṩһʵģ塣
Ȼǲ֪Ʒʵ֮ͨУҲǿƾⲻǱƷ֮һеĿ񳱡
ִᣬȻĴʱȻ󲿷˻ǲὫеɣϰϰ࣬ѧѧ
ƷչֳľʵҲȷ˵ĵļ¶
һƵȻ߲ųģΪľԵʿĻ̵̻ʱ̣ɽ뺣ֵԵ¡
Ҳ̫ҪһӢˣ
ԭ⻹ԳƷ൱ǿսƵ֮Ҳɵˣ׷״ȥԲܺͳƷԡ
ԭԳңԳƷƷйصһҲϢģЦƷëˣһ˾ܽһ˵ߺ˵һⶼûеġ
һսȻˣһսನŸոտʼͣѾ֤ʵѹԺһʱļʱٵľƿ֪
Ϊ漸е֣Щִ󲿷ֶƷȻˣǵıȻϾ͵ˡ
¸𣬲ҵϷ֣µĿλҲ
ȻкܶӵܲΪǲΪߡ
ǶȻ֣İ˴ңʱȻҲֻʣ˳ңƼңңˣϵİ˴ڶ̶֮ڣ˥ϡ
ԭΪ˴һԶȥ˵Ҳݺݴ
ڲϴҲŸոտʼһε鱩¶̫ˣңҽܣչСҲͬ⵽ϴ
˵ЩȻеݱǲ˶ѣѾ˽
УƷȻܹõһݶҲû˸ҺĴڣûгƷ˼ֵ飬ʵֵķݶҲӦġ
οһξôˣ˶ԳƷĸлĺôȻ䵽˳Ʒϡ
ǸʲͳǧڣڳƷĳҺرִҲԵջ˼ĺô
ƷѾɵйڲƸһء
ٵĴ£ֻʥ飬ʥ֮һӵĸ֣Ҫ飬ȻͿ˵ġ
ĸŵĸ֮У˭Խθ߹ٵȵȣЩ¼࣬ȴǲòԵ顣
ʥغĸ߲Ѿö˴飬£˫֯һӴ̸ţһһö
Щ鶼Ʒ޹أʱѾȲҪؼУѾкܳʱûкͼ˼ˡ
ʱĸסڳĵ֮Уһ֧ΪƷĹϵѾΪ˳ҵĺһ
ǰƷһҵʱȣعģ˲ֹһΪƷǵĹϵҵʵǰȣһԳҵ˵󵽵ջ˶ٺô
ĵĵƷȴĿһϤӰ


1084 ʲôʱ飿
ǸƷü֮Ҳֵƣȴø˭ء
ڳԱǲվһԼĪŶʮģĸòŮӡ
˳ƷЩΣϾʵ˵ֵܵĹϵ̸жãȻҲ̸жˡ
ǰһֱǳƷŬԽĶļ֮д󲿷ʱǲ֪ʲôʱʼƷͳҪĶˡ
̸׷ϵĶ
ͨһ˵ϵľ磬ܹеˣһ⣬Ĵ
ȻҲųţǵõ˳ȫڲǶʮͣΪѾأڳ֮УҲǳš
֮УҲ˲СȻһڳƷǰ֮֮ͬһ㡣
ͳƷȣֱһ㣬ֻһܾͨⱲӶûϣﵽġ
ȻҲԸҲͨʲô֮в֮ţ츳֮£Ҳͨôô
ͳƷҲкܾöûмˡ
磬λǣƷȿ˵еǵ٣Ҳɢˣûоʲôεġ
С꣬Ůѣʲôʱģ
Ҳ˸ոֵ췭ظż飬ֻΪʸûУֻϿϢѡ
ոջȲ˵ˣȥҰ裬пƷҲ˳ЩΣҲͲ˵ˣʱҲ˼УʱֱӸ
ã
˵ͷ֪Ϊʲôﲻɵһ
ƷԶСſ˵ĵܵܣôе죡
ںͳƷԽԽԶҲԸôһܵܣĲڱֻǳƷĸѡ
ҲûкŮ
ǵȻģõܣ
ҲԸᣬ漴Ů뿪ˡ
ƷǻصԼҵı֮УȻóĸһլԺĸܾˣһˣסôլԺʲô
ͨ˵˰ƽıҲǳġ
Ʒոտһ޴Ӱͷ˹˵ƷϣǵڳƷϲ˲䡣

Ʒ޴ӰԴȴ˭ء
ҲкܾûмƷˣƷոճ־˹
ʵ֮ͨ󣬾ָֻ˵ոռƷ֮ʱģҵĸ߶ȡ
ֻǺ͵ȣ޲֪Ҫ١
޵ĲԶһͷԼĪѰСèСĺſһԣһֻһͷȻβͣʱʱðһ档
ǳƷ֮ǰշβ׺
ȻǱƷշģִСͱƷշģԺǲͬβ׺ԳƷǴż־ηģ̫ǡ
ƷҲ̫ںֻǰһΪ֮ǰİţŸű˼꣬ڼбĸβ׺ôˡ
ҲǳƷó氵аŵһڣϾŵʦؽУҲΣգƷҲĲ¡
ֻǳ沢֪ΪֻǳĺܿɰβСʵȴһӰ̿ͣѾͨĴڡ
ƷҲûк˵ֻߣĵʦΪҲûиܹβ׺صΪĵز
Ͼβ׺ԴɱóľϢ
β׺Ҳζųˣ
Ʒ뵽ɵô߹ƺƿţȻ̾˳öЦ
ĳɺܿҲڣͳ˵Цġ
裬һˣƷ
ֻܿƲһ۳ƷȻ˵ͷ˵Ŷ
ƷʱеΡ
˾ɣĳɵڶӶ뿪һʱ䣬Ѿϰˣ֮ǰ˶ڲ²ƷѾ˲⣬ȴ֪Ʒû¡
ϾƷû£շĺˡ
һǰִرִյϢƷ³֣ø˵ҲѾ˹ˡ
ǳʮּ˵磬ҿˣ̫ˣЩɽͺĸ֣Ķ֣
ƷϽĿɨ˹ʱЩڨڨһЦȻףǹأ˭ʧôʱ䣬ǴѶ
ûʲôʵҲû˵ôƷ
أܿͻȻ˵ʲôʱ飿


1085 Ҫ
Ʒû뵽ջĸ׵һȻʲôʱ顣
Ʒе±ƵӣܿϾǳȴ˵㿴˼ҺһģŮѻؼˣһ˵ܲҸֵô
裬ͻСأ
ƷûоԼжˣŸոձҵҲû꣬ټͷܳձ鶼ܻļһٶʮϣ˶ʮ겻൱ǰʮѣܶʮ꣬ʮ鶼ʮĶкܶࡣ
˵֮ͨһ˸ǳһϡ
ΪˣԳƷûпԼ⣬ΪܸоԼƺ黹кңԶľ롣
㻹СʲôС㶼ʮˣ㲻飬ҲһŮӻ
ܿ˵
㿴ҸҲ˲ٵĺŮӣǴҹ㣬˵壡
Ʒüͷһ˵Ȼ壬裬ôʶģ
⻹Ϊôͷô󣬲֪ϸӵİͽңΪҶ֪ܿ˵Ʒ洳ټͷ֪Ҫͽȴû·
ƷԼչأҶҲôȻ취ͽᵽ˳Ʒ˵ϡ
г泣Уŵʦ֣˶ҲȻû취ԳĳɺܿͳЩеġ
ֻҪ۾ϹˣͿԿóԳƷͺƣδһٶڻһš
ʱͽᣬʱ
ңƷʱδ飬ҲеģŷĸܿƼԼҵ󱲡
⼸ܿҲۻңƼ󱲼ҲԽԽߡ
Ŷ⣬ϳƷ𽥴ˣҲ̲סˣһҪö
԰˵裬ңкܶҸƼĳɴʱ˵֪Ҫ˼ϣҺ趼ʱúúÿһˣ⶯ʧ£һģѵҪȥô
ҿƼҵǸѾͷͲĳ˵
ĸĻҲóƷһһҲȷʵˣҲֻÿ˵裬˵ҲеҲʱˣ˼ڱչȵ֮Ҿͺ飡
ĸĻóƷҲʶˣ˼Ҳһˡ
Ȼôʱ黹磬˼궼æУǵ˵Ȼ磬ֻǶĻȴǿԿʼ׼ˡ
ãҾ͵仰ˣܿæ˵ڳƷĹϵûϵѹǿᣬʵҲʮѣе׳꣬£Ȼͽ˳Ʒϡ
ɣЩҲʼ׼ˣϾƼѾͷڿƼҵļһˣ˵Ķ鲻ܲݲ£ĳ˵
ţ
Ʒͷ˵Щ鸸ĸͿԴҲԸĸҵ
ȻҪǣϺܶ˵뷨Ͼںܶһɳ֮ġ
һõĻᣬƷܹȢǵĺŮӣôƷǿҲܹ󵽺ô
ʱΪƷĹϵõĺô֪ƼҲΪųƷ˾޴ĺô
ԴˣǴߣοһֱдԣƷܹ۷ֶͨΡ
ͨ˵λ߸ϣֻҪһ̷ɻڴ
£˶뷽跨Ʒˣ˵ǳΪңǳΪһСҲǺõġ
ȻִˣǸС檷˼Ǳӵ͵Ů
ڸ֮УЩǿкܶұǷǳ顣
ڸĸжзִ磬ܱɿڡ
ƷҲãȷʵӦýʱˣȵ˼궩֮Ҳûúܶ˶ͷɧҲ÷ʤ
ôǽأ飬ҺֱӰ
ܿЩ˵
ȻһλֱóƷ˼飬ʱóƷͷ󺹣սǿеʱ򣬶ûǺ˵˼Ѿͷˡ
ڳƷڼұĸƻʱżҲҡ
Ͼ¹еֲ֣ͨУа˴֮һұֱ
µನδƽϢǸոտʼѣǳƷú˵ΧֵͨЩɽͺֵͨĲ䡣
һʱ䣬Ȼ󲨣


1086 
ս϶ú˵֮⣬һ˵ҲٻȥƽЩ޲䣬ҲǴӺܾǰĴͳΪ˲ȴ̼Щޡ
ʱһС׼ŭЩޣôԴԴϵϮͽͻ᲻ϯ
ڵʱովֱ˵һشͳҲһֱϾɽͺ˵Ҳ̸ʲôơ
ڶ˵ڻƣڹĽ׶Ρ
಻ģʹú˵ɽͺҲģǲͨĸ֣Ѿ˫еĬˡ
ȻƷȴ˳Ĺֱľһöö˵ӷ侮֮зЩսսõĺ˵ȫս͵ĺ˵
ֺ˵һ㲻ãһʹǷ˴ˣȻڵʱľ˵÷Ҳû
ʱ˵עƷȻĸֶˣȵ˶Ӧʱģ˺ɽصˮ档
һʱ䣬Ȼ󲨣˶ɽͺ֮ĴƽҪˡ
һĳͻʹս⣬һʱ䣬ϲ֪ʲôʱð˺ָܶƷ´̫ˣóȻͽΣյľ֮С
Ҫƽ
ƷҪΣ֮ô
пͬʱӦɽô
֪ҪͿ̿ô
Щ˵ոðͷ̾ͱ˷
ѲҪɽͺȫˣҪзô
Ҫȫ֣ͨѵ⻹սô
ĸ֣Ȼȫ֣ôˣɽֶκϰѵ㻹ϰô
ȫսѾʼˣѵʱǻнô
һʱ䣬֮һ۵Ŀ񳱣¹ϵÿ˶ϢϢأкܶηսǸȴη塣
ʱԭ伣ЩɽͺʺҲͻȻһð˳׷׽ҪƷܹƷȻķ񱨸
ʵΪһʧ̫ˣܹͨĸ֣Ⱥɽͺ֮жǱȽϡٶǿġ
һαƷú˵ȻÿһȺɨȺɨˣһź˵ȥЩȺľ۾ӵһȫ
ûֵͨĴڣЩȺĹû˿ķֱӾʹؽ֮ʧ
мö˵ֱӳɽȥȻδ˵ɽ赲ҲɽŵùǺ
Ǳ赲ֻһö˵䵽ɽ֮УҲͬ롣
ЩҪͺ壬һǰδеŽһ£Щ˵ּͨ׷׶Լŭŭ
ǱƣЩ䣬ŭδƽϢɽͺȻҪѵֻô
Щͨĸ֣ÿһ۸ڶ֮Ƶôңưոݣֻسһ仰Ҫսվ
֮⣬ʥص˵ע⣬Ҫʥȴѡ֮С
˶ЩɲϾ֪ʥش˾ǷػģʵΪĶ̫ˣҲڡ
ܿ죬оϢԭǳƷݺݽǸѵһ٣ʥ֮ӥȫûʥ֮еĸŲòѡ֮Уԭ
ŻȻԭǲ֪ĵطƷȻô飬Ϊ֪
ʥ֮У𽥱¶ǲ֪Ʒʥ֮ٶôնľ档
ʥأƷɱһѪ·
Яʤ֮ʥصͷʥء
¶Щ֮󣬳Ʒ֮еһ¥ЩԭָƷҲʧ١
ϾƷѾزˣҲûа취ҪƷĸˡ
ϸϣ߲֮УȴһϢ˲Ŀ
ҶƣƷ¸Ƽڵļ˼궩飬ʱӭҲμӶ硣
ԳƷʵλԼܵĿĵزϢǸճϲȦӣ˶Ϊ֮Ŀ


1087 ɽ
ȻֻǶѣȻĳƷݵλ˵һһ˵ע⡣
οǶľٶԭڳƷ뷨ˣʱҲֻˡ
ڸ˵֪˳ƷĶ˼ʱ򣬱ҲȻˡ
ȷʵˣһ֮УҲֻ˼ܹϳƷɡ
Ʒһ޶˼Ҳǳţ޷ͳƷᲢۣȳƷҪһЩ֮ͣͬеٮٮ߻ֻ쾳ʱѾͨˡ
֮ͨݵλȫͬЩɵĴƽƽִƼ˴֮һȻ
̳£ֻʣ˳ңƼңҵ£ΪΨһŮԼôᣬ˼ܵĸ֪
ȴûǸӵ׷˼꣬˶֪˼ƷĹϵڳƷ֮ͨ˱ҲǲƷ
ǽͯŮϣ
ȻƷδǳƷô飬Ǻܿ˳ȥʱĺ䶯עһҪ䶯Ķ
ԳƷǺ˼˵ҲĿԡ
ڹ˶Ϣ֮󣬾ý嶼ڳլ棬ҪӳǱ߻һЩϢ
һΣ˶ҪܣȻƷû죬Ҳֵ˾֪
Ȼû˸Υ˼
ƼǱҲ࣬ƼȻû˸͸¶ԼҼϢ
е䶯ˣȻҼٴٴ죬ֳܹҲ޵ģֻкһ˲ֳܹ
󲿷˶½½Ľϡ
棬˶۳Ʒ֮µʱ򣬳Ʒɽͼ֮С
ǰ˼껺۾ͷųһȦһȦķγɿ񳱣Ƭ֮Щͷųķϱ
˼껺³һǾȻһʮ־ˡ
ʵӦѾͨ۷壬ЧȻˣ
Ʒ
ϧֻڵĻҩЧӾˣ
ʵѾͨ۷壡˼껺˵
ֹֻѰͨ۷嶼ȲڵķƷҡҡͷ˵
ܹо˼ǿޱȵķ֮ǰ˼ѾתʣͨתΪ塣
ʮֵǿ˷츲صı仯ܹϵĽ֮еȫȫɾûб
Ŀǰûа취ȫƿһɷ˼ü΢˵
ΪһȻǺˬģ֮׵ľȴûиڷƿز֮ǰǰԲ⡣
ֻܹСֵķΪԼãȻСҲԶѰ˵
ţѾ뵽ˣƷѾͨĸздˣ㰴к͸Ӧúܹܿƿһɷ
ԴˣƷȻǷǳзȨģʵϣ֮еĵʾ;ĿգΪ̷ĵҩҲõΪٽҲΪ˺ܶĽ취
𵤻Ϊһ˵˼ⲻֻСѡ
Ȼ̸ʲô⣬Ҳܹ޺֢ĽȻ⻹Ҫʱ䣬ĿǰƷɽͺıҲȡ㹻ʱ䡣
ţ
˼˵ͷ
ƷὫ˼§ѾȥƼˣҶеĻƽ䣬ҪץʱУҲһˣȶ飡
ã
˼΢죬
ʱ綼ڴԳƷѾ˲⣬ǴӺ֪ƷûҲôļС
ھͺͳƷӣҲǲԸģƷ˵˶еĻƽͣ˵زνǿ˸ˡ
֣֮Ѱܹ˵ġ
Żһʱ䣬ץʱҸоɽ¥Ʒ
ԼǸʹ֯ĶԹ˼˵ˣ˼Ҳˣ̩ɽ֮Ǹʹ
ֻ֪Ǹʹ֯Ȼôĸ֣ӳƷ˵ֻʹ֯ı֮ǰıֻֻ֣ͨǸոտʼѡ
طչôֻ꣬²ֻôһͼıѡ
ô˵ֻµʱҲٲҪһˣ˼


1088 磬˸п
ţֻ֪ͳһ˺Ļ֮˲ǱˣǸʹ֯еˣƷϷ𼸷ǵ˵ʱǿҪٵľͲһɽĸˣͼıֻºɽ
˼֪ƷԲ죬ɽͺѾǳˡ
֮ǰ²ǰ㣬˫Ȼ˫ѾȽ֮˵Ĵ㡣
ڵ˵Ƕ֮
˼Ҳ׳Ʒ˵жôأֻǺɽ֮һ˵޷ӵĶ֣˫ֵĻĿǰ˵ʧص׼ǸŶܵ顣
ʱҪץʱ䣬ܹǶ֮ǰƿһɷ
Ʒ˼ľҪʱͻͽǲ̫ܣֻƿסϣġ
ҳƷϲķ֣˼ľʵͣʵѾͨأԼҲֻһѣ֮ǰǿŴбΪ
Ǻڱ̷֮֮Ϊֱһ죬뵽ͨ۷֮С
ţ˼˵
Ͱˣʣµ齻ңƷ
ʱƣܿ죬һµʱʹҴҶһ죬ȫأţԺյĴ׷
ֺķֱӽڲͣƺͣˣȻܶ˳Ʒδ룬ǼǲԼͬĶˡ
Щ߲㵽֮ƷαȺϵ
ףƽԪ˧
˵
浽

һһĴ׷׸Ǹ˳ƷӣҪ֪ƽʱЩһĺ䶯˵ôһˡ
Ĺģݣ˵ǰ޹˺ߣĶֶͨǰףء
Ҫ֪ǰδе飬ܹͨĸĺѾǷǳӵˣȫǰ֮ǰٷ˶롣
Ȼȴû֣˶֪ǳƷЩһ߸ϵĴż֮ȳģûгƷǿˡ
Ǻôɰڳı֮УƷʱİΣҲǰ
һصʦҲһǰˡ
ǰ˭ܹ뵽СһȻܹӵнʱյĵλҲǸп˵
˵ͷȷʵûʱƷȷʵֳ˲׵츳УƷܹ죬ǼΪ˵ˡ
۽磬ܹҲ͵ͷˣͨǸһ˵ڿϰͨܵ˵
˭뵽ԼȻĽ̳һͨѧһ֡
һǳƷ˼ҲһԾΪͨĸִ֣Ƽҡ
˳ΪϵĽͯŮ
ⶼǸ˵Ҳմⲻ٣Ϊ̳˳Ʒ˼꣬ѧУΪصѧˣ
Ҳüֱ漣ǰ˭뵽ǸβѧУȻгΪصѧһ졣
֪жָҪǵѧУΪհƷ㼣ҲѧУʵҲڶ̶֮ڲдҪصˡ
ǳƷЧӦҲΪʲôôѧУƴȫҲҪеԴһЩӢϣܻĻر
ڱȺһߣߺ־ͷԣԱߵŮѶЩεĿ˵ôֵܶ飬Ҳȥһ£ǶζβĹϵ
ǶʲôҸƷĹϵҪЩ湦򣡡ߺ־˰˵
ͳƷǳĹϵڳƷδ֮ǰѾ鼫ˣҪЩġ
ߺ־֪Լ츳ޣܺͳƷǰǿη壬ÿ˵츳ܹͬ쾳Ҳǵˡ
ҵ֮ͺܿؼҽӹ˼⣬ƷôһôϳƷﰵĹգǼⲻǶ̶̼ʱֱʮڵĹģֱưڴء
ڳı֮дƣҲˡ
˵ôæͷȶپƲڹȥҪʹôߺ־˵꣬ҲԱ˵۹⡣
һ֮УһԼĪŶʮ£ݿɰĸ鶯ŮӣŶķ֮мû䡣
ҲͳƷʮֽӽֻǸʱʲôϲڣһˡ


1089 ˵٣֮
ʱİ̫СʲôϲƺЩˣȻȴЩˡ
ֻЩܣ
֮ϣɵЩˣ
ʱڳػ糡룬Ʒ˼һװӵȺ룬˵УһԽͯŮ
˼ڳƷߣޱȵۡ
ϲϲ
һˣ
˶֮ţǰ޹ˣ߰
ڸֹϲУأƷ΢ֱӿ֮ϣļϵ˼ҲͻȻ̧ͷ֮ϡ
ţ棬£ڳͨĸŷ׷׷ӳ˹֮ϡ
ãǺ˵
һȣ˴ϲķΧ֮У˳
ƷĿ⿴ȥǳԽĿĵطһöգֱųصķȻľɢȥȴȫȫĲ׽ˡ
أʱһϵͳأ
ڷҶ֮УӦƵķϵͳŶԣķϵͳǵһطڵĽǵڶأٵլҲе
ǰʧЧˣȻú˵ɽ
ೣú˵ԵУôܲһ㣬Ͼ˵رѣɽٲóѧķչҲͨ°ĿѧһЩ˵
ȴֵ
Ҷеĵαһɽȣ˵ը롣
ˣһö˵Ƭ֮䣬Ѿɵ˳صϷ
ʱҵķϵͳҲ׽һöαϵͳʼԶ
ֵͨĵһӦҪߣܵľҪж
أʱȴƷǰһұϣᴩк˵һȦһȦķ·ǵȦγɡ
һִֻӿڴ֮һöӲң߸ϰС
䣡
һᴩ䵽Ӳ֮ϣŻһɿֲ׵ֱӳ֮ϯȥ
¡
һ޴ޱȵĺһ׵񳱺һö˵ţһ޴Ģƻڶ
ڸ߿֮лµϯ˿
֮еĽһʱ䳹ſȫС
һʱǿֲĹһöС̫һڳϿ˿
Ǳ紵ˮһ㣬ʼҵĶǺں˵ûֱڳլ֮ըֻನĻ޷ըլ֮м̵ķϵͳ
ͻıʻǶʱ󲿷˶±ˣܹӦ˵ͻϮ˺٣ֻͨĸ֡
󲿷˶ף֮УȻδоʲô飬ͻȻһӺ˵ըˣ󲿷ֶɵˡ
˵ǻ֪жôĿֲģ
ʱ˶һĸоԶһЩĻûӦʲô顣
һö˵ûаȫװã˼ü΢˵˵ûô򵥣һ˵ǱֱҲӦֱըѿͻѰıըѡ
һö˵ӦǰεеİȫװãֻҪ˾ͻᵱ˱
Ҳɴ˿ɼһö˵ˣжݶˡ
˴ʱλףӦþǳŴʱۼڳҵĸ߲㣬һö˵Խĸ߲ʹ롣
Ӧþǳ׼Ļᡣ
Ͼ߲ƽʱɢ˵Щͨĸ֣Ӽ޷˲׽١
Ψʱ򣬲пܽһ򾡡
ǱƷպ䱬¹ƾլ֮еķ磬赲סһö˵ըĳҪըʱ򼴱˴󲿷ֵĺ˱ʣµҲ㹻󲿷ֵ졣
Щͨĸָһ˹ģųƷ
Щʥس֣ͨǴû˵˵ܹǰӦ˵ĵǺ˵еٶ̫졣
Ǹ׽ķй켣˵ǳƷһڽ˵պ䱬ˡ
ֱһܵģ
ҸղųƷֺĵڵҲ˱ɫǵĻ¸޷赲
ǾǵôӿĿɿڴ˵һµʱ֮УҲ˽ܶ߾оеڣֻûƾҲͷųڣȻ˿ֲ
ֻͷųѰͨĻֻҲһء
ƷĹѾ˲˼ĵزףԶˣ
ؾʱһǿҵľ״ͷк˵


1090 Ļ̽
Ǻ˵
жʱһûûˣ˵Ŀⶼ˳Ʒ
ȴƷЦҵĶһ̻һҪллأ
ƷЦһֱӷ˸߿ա
ڸ߿֮Уö˵ֱӴ̫֮дѾؽıԵˡ
ķֻǵУеĻжһž޴ķ磬Щ˵Ϊ˱ܿЩҲƴˡ
ö˵ڰֱ֮ӷѳ˼ʮöͷȫλĳҶжȥ
󲿷ֶ˳լķ򣬵ǽʣµЩ˵ͷڷҶ֮У֪
Ʒҿܹȵһ
һӷҶеΧϯ֮гŵ⡣
죡
ƷʱҲûʱȥѰңӿڴץһӲңȥ
ֱϣѾһȦһȦĵ
䣡
䣡
䣡
һµĵڴ֮б
Ʒֶ˲Ӱȫȫ֮һһļɿµĵں᳤ա
¡¡¡
ɲǼ䣬ʮµС̫ڱƬ񷣬Щ˵ڸ߿վͱƷȻγһĿ磬ҲԶķҶ㹻вˡ
ʱƷһͱһɿµĿûˣֿµıը񳱽û
ܿ죬Ʒķ͹ĹĵΪƷųһƬռ䡣
ڵΪǱ˵ֱУֻЩನ˷䣬κε
Ʒ֣ٶȽЩ˵˷Ҷеˣŵģɵ÷
·ҲǴǷҶ֮УȻôӣһ˵ÿּĻУ䱸Ƶĸַơ
ЩƾȻ̱ˣЩ˵һö䵽˷Ҷ֮У²ڳլڳ˵ҲǲɽܵĲʹʧ
ϾҶǳҵĻ̣ҵ뵽˷ҶдССĸ
飬ϸҲ飬ô£
ţĻһϴȥ
ƷڷҶеϷ߿֮ϣȫȫͷ˳أһӰ֪֮С
ȻˣΪʲôأ
ƷָһӼһǧ׳ľ޴âն֮С
䣡
һ޴ĺһεĻױƷһն룬һӰ˳
һأȫȫĲ˼飬ԼĻ¿Ƽλףֻǲᱻ״ﲶ׽Ҳǿġ
ȴ֪ڳƷ֮£ʲôζûôΪⲻǿƼֶΣҲÿƼĵ͡
Ʒȥȴ˿ΪŹ֣һӰһһƬֽŴ׳
ƷȻ㷢ˣҲͲˣ
ӰЦ
̽û뵽ȻţӣƷʱϳ˵ݣȴǱˣƷ˾޴в̽
챻ƷչһӶݶȥ
ʱƷδټΪѾˣȴ룬Ȼš
ֻӿ˲Ϊ¡
֮̽󣬳ƷǰǰһжѾˣΪʲôҶеķϵͻȻһȫʧˡ
ֻӦֱ̽ʰɣ
ˣȻûӵĿԣҶΪҵĴӪҾӪϰ꣬ﶼûг˵
ȴͬô̾͸ˣ㶼㲻
ЩڹİǳؾͻȻľˣȻڷҶҲࡣ
Ӧ͸ڹ̱˷ϵú˵Ǭ
һĶνɹտ˵гƷڵĻֻ¾Ѿɹˡ
ųԼҪϢҲһˣҪԸôʱҲܶˡ
ЩƷҲͲˣ
Ķ̽ȷʵѲΪû֪ʲôط֣жǵˡ
Ʒ֮˸Ĺâ֮ǰѰ̽ɵãȻðˣһնݳĺûᡣ
׵׵ĲجΣһǬ
⻹ǰͣ̽Ц˵ûгնɱ㣬Ĵ㣬ҵĴҵôʧܣ


1091 ͨ۷̽
뵽ЩҵӶİڳƷϣͲɵú޵ġ
ƷǸʱ򣬳Ʒѹֻһ޹صСѡ
ȻΪ޹ؽҪСȴ̵Ĵҵ⵽˼Ĵ
ȥûһܹǳƷʧء
ͳû飬Ʒȴˡ
ȵ˳Ʒʱ򣬳ƷȻѾ򣬸չһˣըɷ顣
ĹһֱһµʱѾˡ
뵽ܵʹƺܹоڳ鴤ԶԶֻ弸䱬ô򵥡
Ϊչ̺̫֮Ȼֻһ˿ѣȴѾøо궼ڱա
ǺԵɺ֮£õֻѾˣȻõİҲѾӣɭɭ
˵Ҳδһ£̵ǲ塣
ϧûкҩԣ
ƷЦһ̽˵ο̽ϣǰĳͬھȻһֹɭɭĸо
ܹӦҵ˿̫ĵرĳֹõĵر
ؼһжˣǰԵ̫Ҳûа취ѹȥа֮а취ֹɭɭ˲˹ӣ϶ǵõⷽˡ
֪̽ƷȻƬ֮䣬Ѿ³˸߰˰ˣҲᱻһЩûж˵û֪
Ʒ۾ܹ²õ㹻󱳷
̳˵ʼĳƷļʶ֮㷺ܹĵġ
ҾֲҵĴ󣡡
̽˵֮йɭɭɱݺᡣ
˵ɱ㣬Ҿɱ㣡
Ʒ·пһ㣬Դ˳ƷıͲϵʧˣǽ㣬òײ߻õôľ֣Ȼûܹ˵Ҷзֺ
ƷԾ˵ֶθ赲Ϊ˼ģ
Լĺˡ
䣡
̽ϵķֱӳͨأأأֱͨ۷塣
ǿֲĹɢҶƺܹһĹǺɭɭ·ҪضһƬһ
·ǻΪһƬǴ˵еĵ֮Ϊˡ
ڷҶ֮У˶һĻʱҲŷ
Ͼܶ˶˵̵飬Ȼȴǵһμ̽˵е
˸ܹоһɵĴ
Ʒ˿ܱ̽ӣʵģĪԹݣ
̽ԭĮɱ¶˼ֳԾ飬Ϊδһ˼ܹµһЩҲ֪ݵ顣
ֲҩΪΨڼΪĺ֮زпطˣҲսڣΨͬʱһʳ
Ϊ̫ĥܲˣѰôطԼһЩû뵽ȴݣ̷֮һ˿̫𲻵ȫѹȥֲ˲ģ
Ҫǣ֮Ѿ׵׵Ĵ޻˹ޣʵ˷һ·ֱͨ۷֮С
ȻûôˣƷ̽Ծݣɵõĵ˵ͷ
ӵʵļ֮У֪ݾʲôǹеĵر̷֮󣬲ԭеʲô᳹׻Ϊʵ
֮Ҳᱻʵ˿һӾӵΪˡ
ؽʵˮƽ˵ͨ۷Ѿ۷壬㲻д˵ҲһѵõĻԵ
ƷȻ֪ô֪ģ²ĺܶԣҾ̷ݣû뵽ɣһûɱңȴɾң̽Цֻоǰδеǿ󣬾ǸͳҵǰҶɱ
ƾ㣿ƷЦһѾ˲˲ĶҲͳᲢۣ
ɱ㣬㻹ӲӲ̽ԴŭĶųƷ
ʱ·ķҶ֮УſҶжС
̽ʱ˹ʱ䣡
ʱˣƷʱ䣬óƿطҶеķϵͳ


1092 вͷһ·
Ҷ˵׻ǳҵĵ̣ҲһʱŻᱻ̳룬Ͼֻǧǧշĵ
ֻҪҷܿ죬ƿ˷ϵ͸Ҷеķϵ֮еԱϾͱ˳Ȼ˳ȥ
ڷҶеķ±֧ٶԺ˵Ҳô򵥵ĹƷҶеķϵ
¡
ڷҶԼĪϰ⣬һ޴ĢƻڶǾ޴ĢƣڵǿڷҶߣܹܵõ
̽ÿ֪ǳҵķˣͨ߿֮к˵ķй켣׾ƻڷҶһصλá
ڽо׼ǸֻѾ׻һˡ
ֻô̵ʱֻھ˵ķʵ㹻ˣ
ƷģȻֻΪʱ䣡
ֻ˶û뵽ƷΪȻֻ𹥡
Ȼֶ񵱣
ָо־ʱ򣬺ݺϴһһ޷ܡ
Ʒһ޵Цݣ·ڳЦ޴һ
𣡡
̽쳤Хһ֮Ĺ籡ضȾһƬ⡣
˫Ѫ죬Ķס˳Ʒ˵Ʒһ֮أ
ҪõĻԿɣ
ƷͬѪһһ㣬ǹⶼնһѿڡ
̤һ̤֮УĺڷɢһһĹâ罵һ㡣
˵֮ײȫһѵĳ档
˶ǿ̽ôôǿ
ڳɵÿ˵
Ϊʥ֮УΨһǰҲʥǰڵܹо֮˵Ŀ¡
ҲѾͨ۷壬ڳ֮н˼ǿߡ
ܹо̽Ŀ£Ҫǿһ
ټһתʱ׼ֵ˼꣬ŷ֣֮ǰԼΪʥڸ߶ͨϵڿҲʲôˡ
֮п˵Իȷʵĸ֡
ĸоͨҲأڳ֮кܶ˶ֻ̽Ҳû뵽ܹ̽˵Ŀ¡
һ֮ʵͻͽżʣͻͽ̽زģȴǼΪġ
·˼Ѿ̲ס˰գȫķѾȫȫĵƷһ˿һԵĵطͻ̳֡
ǰûǸʵܹ֣Ȼڲͬˣȫһս
̽Сֻǿ
֮ϣƷƾ紵ֻۣǵ˵֮̽ĶԹô꣬Ҳʱһ˶ˣܵУҿԷһ·
Ʒ뵽ոտʼ̶ϣΪñ̷ֶ濴°ߵ飬ǳƷһ̵֪ĴڣҲǵһ֪ôһ֯جһϷ
ʱ־Ҫ𣬶ڵ˿ʵʱԵʱˡ
̽Ҳ벻óƷʸ־ϸ̵·ģС°ɣϾÿ춼֪Ҫ֮°߶ˡ
޹ؽҪСȴһµĵˣΪ̵ĸ˵
̽Цһ˵ƾ㣿УǴԲѣ˵УΣ
ϱɫĹӿǿҲ˼£ͨ۷壬ǿߣƷɱǲǿЦô
䣡
˵ƶΪģǧɵĺХĿӿϵƺ˺ķ飬ײĩһĳ
ɱⶼڷӿ
ϵˣҲоޱȵļ£ֱϯóĸɵõ
˶ܹоõƵĿ¡
Աߣֳæ̫ʦ̫ʦĸλģǸʲô̽ʦĶ֣
ֳԴӼƷٶͨĸ֮Ѿ׳Ϊ˳ƷСˣͳƷٵľȣڸʲôˡ
ܿԣ΢΢ͷͽǺϲСͲ󣬵ȴɰĺܡ
Ȼֻദһ£ȴ·ֶһŮһϾУѵòżһ档
˵֮ϣƱƴѾ˼ˣ̽һȷ˽
ɲǼ䣬ƺ䣡


1093 ѪŰ̽
ɲǼ䣬̽ȳˣϣ֪ʲôʱѾһڳһڹͷ޾Ĺڷڡ
ЩֱӻϰɳĿֲâ᳤̽һ㣬ѹء
̽һչ֮£ұչ·
ȳֵ̽ƷƽûκεĲ
֮䣬ϣ֪ʲôʱѾһŹ
һͭϣһƺʲôµսܹʲôĵˣܹʲôش
Ʒԭûйҵĵط»˹ңһϣһֻڷڶƷѸһңԽԽɣǻĿֲ棬ҪƬնջһ㡣
ʲô
µͨĸֶŵˣܹһֻڵϸܵһǰδеĿֲĸо
ֻޱļ£Ļֻһܽ
ʱף֮ǰƷˣûгȫĻֻ¸Ҫú˵Ҳܸͨĸ֡
䣡
Ʒſңʱһֻһ˳ȥӭǣɲǼ䣬ͳСɽһĵز
չʹߵĲͬȻȫͬģ͵ȣƷʵǿ˺ֹʮֱһ츲صı仯
ͭ϶ʱֶһСѷ죬ҲǷųһĴۣ
ɲǼ䣬ͺ̽̽޷ܣֱӾͱˡ
¡
һµĳһӷˣһµĢƻڶ𣬼ֱ类˵һ㡣
ͨĸֿˣɵõһĹһԽµģ˵ֶεвԶԶڿƼֶεв
˵ܹǰֶ֪Ȼǰܹ֪ķΧ
̽ˣӿ˵ţ̽ˣ
һжס
һأ˶ΪµһУ̽˵ʱأһӰȴһĢ֮к˳
ƷǣΪҳԹһοһ׼ûôڣҪ
ɲǼ䣬̽Ѿ嵽˳Ʒǰûûͬǰ㣬뱻ش
ûʲô飬ֻϣһƵף׵룬ֱһ󶴡
ղž׵ס˳Ʒչһűס̽
̽εˣһڳƷϳһƷһˡ
Ȼʶ˳ƷеƣȻһ㶼׼
̽ޱȵſ񣬵ȴм־Ϊ˶ԸƷչ߱ؽҵһףΪȫ³ƷеĹ֪ƷŸոմǰ鷳ĸԭڡ
˭֪Ʒֻչһͽ׸ƬˣȻûˣ֮ǰ뷨ҲѾΪӰ
̽ǹɭɭһɨµĵâնǧƺն룬ֱӺ䵽˳Ʒϡ
ƷȴǲŲæֱһֻһֱնһֻϡ
أ
ֲһ£ȴǰ㣬ƷƱ෴ģƷĴȴһץС
䣡
Ʒ͵һץɭɭһͱƷһһץƬ
ʱ̽ɫڱˣû뵽ƷȻܹĵز
ܹоƷľӦûδͨ۷壬ԶԶ۷ȴޱȵĻ
벻䲻һô򵥵ıƷһƬ
ƷЩƬץУȻ͵һӳ̽˦˳ȥ
䣡
һը˿ЩƬɨ˿µƣֱӺ̽
̽޷ΪΪɱƷѾɱ̫ˣֱӾͱһС
ۣ
̽һҽ֮󣬿һѪ˲䵹˳ȥߵķһ㣬ݺݵɳ˷ҶУײ˷Ҷһɽ֮ϡ
䣡
ɽھҵĲ̽ϲ˵Ƭ
ƷһӰ˳ȥЩͨĸҲ໥һ֮׷ȥ
ȴھɽ֮ϣ̽ЦƷɱҵģѾǲ֮ˣƾ㣬ɱҵģ
ֻϾ޴Ĵ˾ȻһۿɼٶȻָ


1094 ˵оУ̽
̽ЦԴ̷֮ʾ͵õ˸ı䣬ֻʵѡ
ʣ˰˰ʣһˣôУ㲻Ҳᱻش̽ɵĻָơ
Ʒ㲻˵ôҿҲˣ
̽ЦޱȵĲ
ȻȴڼƷٲʹҲˣԼǳƷĶ֣οɵܴ
ʱΨмĳƷ֮Լſȫˡ
˵ԼÿЦ֮ǰûн֮ԼϣȴҪ֮Լ
һǵ͹˳ƷʵһΣһһŹƷһ֮أ
֮̽ߺ޺ŭ
˵оУ֮ھҪ
Ʒ˵̽ȷʵѲѰֶͨҪѲĶˣҲֻѲѣ̸޷Ը
ȭ
Ʒϵķױָȭȭᴩȫȭڿ󣬻һɫޣֻǺ֮ǰͬһɫȫһɫһ㡣
䣡
Ʒһȭ˳ȥʱرɫһȭᴩأֱӽǧƺ˷顣
̽һӦߣֲֿܹӦ˵ģʱףΪʲôƷˣƷ߱ʵȷʵܹ˵ǿ
Ǽ͸оԼƷǿס֪Ʒסˣȥûпܡ
æԼǰһͷƣԼػС
أ
һȭֱӺ˹ͷƣһͷҲǷȻ֮ǰףҲǼΪ˲ˡ
ȻƷİȭһȭУɲǼ䣬ͱ˿޷ֵ
ֽһ㣬ɲǼѾˣţƷȭ˺ѿһУ̽
¡
һɿµıըˣ̽Ʒһȭᴩؿڣµڲϵ𵴣˺ѿ̽
̽ΪĻָڳƷһȭǰûκôΪ˺ѾԶԶָܹ̽ļˡ
أ
̽ƾը˿һѪ˲
жѣ
̽ˣ
ƷҲûΥԼŵԣжѣ̽Ѿֵסˡ
ʵϣһף̽չ֮£ȻҲ̸веˡ
ƷȻף̽ҪûסֻȻ̫̽С˳Ʒʵ̽ͻȻʵƺǿ
ȻʵȴȣһͨĹʽ˺ͷۡ
ȻƷǾץϹˣΪƷ߰˰˵ֶΣֻƾǿʵԺơ
Ȼת˹ǺԣûңȫȫƷƵ
ƷĻʼս壬µľЩˣ
Щͨĸֻ֣üƷһȭͺ̽ɵ÷׷׵ɴ۾ȫȫĲ˼顣
̽ʵǶĿãȷʵΪǿᣬڳƷǰȴ˲һ
ǷǱʵƷȫȫ֮̽ϡ
ƷʵֻѾͨһ˰ɣ
˵ͨһҲûһδбǿͨ
ĸֳ£
۷׷׵˵ֻ̫ˡ
ЩʥĸֿһĻҲ֮ǰľǶԵģʥõѡ
Ķ֣ʥȫûпܵġ
߰ɣƷ̽ʬսɽͼĿռ֮˵ѾˣһȥȾưɣΪС»£
Ʒȫһ赭дӣ˲ɵЩղź˵ʱǼֱһ˲䣬˺ڻǷġ
ڳƷȻֻЩС¡
ܶ˶ˣҲֻ˵ǾΪʲôƷǿԭ򣬹̬걬ʮ֡
Ʒոս̽ϾѾըˣƷһֵĶ磬Ѿ˼ȫע⣬ȥ᳡ǻкֱܶ
һֱֱӽղһֱ˽ȥǼö˵£˶ΪҶҪңҪ군ʱ򣬳ƷˣۻҵֶΣЩ˵
Ȼֵ֮˸磬ײβجΡ


1095 ʱ⣬ս
̫̫֮̽Ĵ˵һ޴ӰϿգ˶˵̵飬νսթ׺ݶ
˶Լ˱°ʿ飬νʹ޵ҧгݵġ
ԣֻʹ޵ҧгݣû취Ū̽ġ
ڳƷնɱ̽ɶĺ䶯Ҳɴ˿ɼһߵģ˵䶯ˡ
ټ˺ⲻļͥ޲øƷϳλˣʵΪ¶꣬ȻΪܴ󣬻вܵȺǣ˾Բ
̽նɱ̵ȫ淴ʼˣһȥӸſʼ⣬
֮ǰ˺̵ܶľݵֻǼɵ̽ûг˺ѡ
Ͼ׷ǲ̫ܣ㹻ɺܴ鷳ĳһ֮ġ
̽䣬ļɵҲûˣֱ˳ϣʼݻһ̵ľݵ㣬ڣǣģֻɵҲдʡ
֮£Ѿ׵군ˣ㻹һЩصĺˣҲѾ޷ʲôˣû̸̽ûκв
ʵ˵Ǽɵ̽һֿ̣
žķ֣ųƷĸѾ˷츲صı仯
ԭΪ᳤ôȥͳͳ򵹣ƷЩĿһûʲôý
˿Ʒûκμɻ䣬֮ǰû˸飬˵ͨĸץУ߸ϵ̳ͨһڷͥС
ú˵ķɽͺȵȣһ׮׮һ֤ˣƷԲһؼ֮ˡ
ɱͷƷûˡ
ںܶ˿˵Ǹõı仯ǳƷ֪Ϊ¶ٴ󹦡
Ʒնɱ̽黹緢ͣڳҵլ֮УƷĶ绹糣š
ȻողžôһĶǵĴս̽䣬ҶеķҲ±ӹܣʱк˵ϮҲвǵˡ
Ȼ˼μӶ磬ղŷһĻҲ˿ΪȵĻ⡣
ǳƷֱ̽Ѹײڶ֮ƾͻɱΪļһһִ۽ĸо
һڣԳƷ˼ΪҲƣˣϵƣǾϵƣ
˶ûбԹΪ˶ףϣȫ׺͹ء
ҹӵߣƸԲ˵
˼궩֮󣬳Ʒֽ˱չص״̬ȫ˼ĿǰĹܹƿͨ۷ʵ
Ʒеʵļڣ۹ϲ֪ڵҪǿ٣˼⣬ڳƷǶʲô⣬ɵľͿԱ
Ȼ磬֮УȴʼΪɽͺĶԽԽƵûΪżһս
෴˫ֵҲԽԽԣȻͨ˸о̫߲ܹ࣬Ըоɱ֮
ŵĵҲƵ
ʥظİǨҲ𽥼ӿ죬Ϊشͬ磬ҪǨͱҪô󣬶ļ½ֻǽһƴĹ̡
һһŵİǨʵҲǿȻĿǰЩŻûа취ȫУǹٶֵͨļ룬ĿǰʵĪĺô
һҲɵĽС
ɽ뺣СԽԽƵ˫Ĵսһһɽ¥ơ
ʱ䣬գۼţǰ䶯һʱĳƷ˼Ķ磬ҲѾ˾ˡ
֮Уű˶иγڼ飬ߵܹͨĸ֡
߲νʹ˼ʹȥ⡣
սǰϦܽЩΪڻиڴˣ߲չ˶ɽͺԼ͸Ķӡ
Ҳ˶̵ĳͲ
ǲ鲻֪һһѾ͸ͬɸһ
ʱ֮УЩ𽥱γ˱ĵĴˡ
ȻսôͻȻһӱˡ


1096 ˼Ⱦ
սͻȻľͱˣ˶û뵽ʱһϢˣ
սˣ
һҹ֮䣬ɽ彻УУƽУԶУУͬȫƷߣȫܡ
ϢͻȻ˻ΪֻһЦѣϾһҹ֮䣬ݣǣ˿ںüڡ
ǰ߷ƬƵӡ֤һ㣬пνͻ⵽˱ξ֮УͱӵŶֱɱ
糱ֻ޴ӷߵƿڴɱչѪȵɱ¾
дԭİһƬ˼ѪƯ֣ʬɽʬ޴棬ֱӱͷһȥ
פľӣҲûܹסУɽͺ֮еĸͻϮȫ߱ھֵǰЩѰפûκôǶ֡
Ȼǲÿ˶սʿ󲿷вΪǿ壬ӵиˡ
ЩɱΪޣΪ
˵Կ
οٳǧ޵ͻϮûоӵİ֮£ͨ˸޴ӵֿ
һҹ֮䣬䣬˲
ڼƵ޴ʱҲȫȫɾûߵİ֮£ҪڼƵ޽֣Ǹ顣
پҲᱻû
Ʒ˼궼ǴҹĽӵϢ˴ҴҴ·֮æš
ڱ֮Уһܸ׼ţڸϣͳѾڴ˵Ⱥˣ
ټϳƷϵĺޣһͨĸ־ۼ
ڴʱ֮ҲɹͨأΪǴԭͨһٿͨأսҲǸ߶ˡ
ô£ôܻᱻȫƣƷֲ˼˵ЩУú˵ըѱݡ
һѾˣ˵һҹ֮УֱڿЦ
ĿǰҪһսˣ
̾һ˵
ǻСʱʱ䣬ѾƷ˴ӷҶ͵˾ıС
ʱѾˣ޵˻ŰЩŭǺεȿֲ顣
޷Ϊ֮Уǧķֱӷ˹
ڳĶѰˣͨĸֱ֣Ӵ򿪷ɻţ˳ȥ֮㷵ˡ
¡¡
ƷָɨһǧɳĽâֱӽضһ㣬֮޷׷׼
Ҳ׷׳֣ͨĸֳ֣Ȼʮ־ˡ
֮У˳Ʒ֮⣬˼Ϊߣͨ۷Ϊ᳤һɨϰֻޱֱɨƬ
Ȼֻ޶ѣɵСʵ֮ǿȻӹɣɲǼ䣬Ѿķɱ⡣
Ȼи޷˹˵Щ޶һ׷״ӵϵȻ׷ſѪڳҧ˹
˵ɨ˹Ƭն
ǿͬˣҲֻоͷƤ飬Щ̫ˣȣż֮޴ֱСˣͲһϡ
̫࣬ԳƷٶҲĹ
䣡
Ʒһȭֱƽ׵ĵطĿ⿴ȥʱѾϵˣȫԱ˻˯һ·Уӳ֮С
һ·ϻҪ޵ؾѻһ·֮·ء
ȫȫͿ̿
֮·ϣҹɫ֮УһŵŮӱһӱܵ·ϣΧΧ˲ٵޡ
Ůһģеĺӵ˳ȥһѾڵȴ޿׼ֱӷ˹ȥſѪڣҧ˹ȥ
ҵĺӣҵĺӣ
ŮӿкĲҽ֮гž
Աߵĺܶ˶ĵתͷȻʱҲﲻŮӣ;У˭ܹ˭ء
أʱ֮ϣһն
ÿһֱն䵽һͷ޵ϣֱһͷ˲
ɲǼ䣬ԭΧ˾ϰͷȫ׷ױͷ
ҵĺӣ
ǸŮæӵߣӱ
أ˴󺰵ƷǳƷ


1097 ǣҪ
̧ͷȥȻǳƷ
ֻоޱˣʱ򣬾Ȼܹս
Դնɱ֮̽󣬳ƷžѾһֱսˡ
ϿߣоӽӦҰǶϺ󣡡
ƷһȣֻĽ꣬Щ۾һֱЩ޺ɱȥ
Щ࣬ʵǺǿƷ֮һܹɱ
Ʒһ֣ʱͽΧͳͳնɱ
ʱΧһ֧һ֧Ӵϵľۼűǰ
Щʵ̫ˣͨӹҪЩ赲ǰ޾ѾǳˣҪͬƷͻܡ
ֻһЩ쾳ɵľСܹͻУҲӣͬƷɡ
Щȫߣ˶ӵв׵ΪֽýȻݣǻ˳
ڹԪʱ־棬군ˣȫû
ЩæǧлĳȥʱƷûпȥЩˣֻǳŸͻȥԽǿУԽޣҿʼ๥Ǽľ޴ޣƷԿϰ׸ߣ׸ߵȻ
ЩɽȦսڱ֮޼ɵΪ۷壬һ޴ĸ¥޼ɵƻ
Ʒһ֮мΪֱ۸߸߾𣬵ʱ֮󻯳˵ǹꪣʮ˰
γһ棬׵ıǽ
ಣ
ಣ
ಣ
ЩֱӷӶͬһ㣬飬ϯ
ʱɥЩ·۾һıֱնס
ƷÿһʹһУдޱʱһոһÿʱÿ̶ɥ
ǳƷһ֮ǲԽЩȫɱ
սϣǾͺðˣ˵ɨȥȻܶ࣬ĺ˵Ҳܶࡣ
ִģս£ͶҶð˵ڵĴģɱ
Զ˼սֻӳһâܹγһǧ׵ıһ·ͳͳһ顣
棬£ޣҲڷɨЩޣ֮ϵ֮һƬĺ
û˼̫ˣ齫һжûֻԶԮЩܵͨˣΪɨΧޣɨǰ·ߡ
ɱЩǾޣ
Ʒܸ˼˵
Щͨ޶ɽ˵ڻңҪж٣֮֮ȥҰ״̬
ȻЩս޾ͲͬˣЩɽģʧһͷǾ޴ʧ
ȻЩǾ޶ڳƷ˵޷ǾʹһЩ
Ʒֱӷ˽ȥҲ֣ɲǼ䣬һƬĺЩޣȫɽ̿޷
˼Ҳֻ࣬һƬЩ޿ȫ˱飬纮Ůһ㡣
𣡡ƷոͻУһ޴ͷֱӳųƷһҧ˹
һ޴ޱȵľޣ۾Ʒô

Ʒлһ޽ֱɨһǧ׳ĽâһͽֵԴ
䣡
һ޴ޱȵĺ޵Դֱݺ䵽˵ϡ
һһͷ޵Դն֮󣬳ƷûֱͣɱЩǾȺ֮С
ͬʱķ޳ųƷ˹
ȻĽҲʲô⣬ͳͳƷɱ⡣
Ʒʱſ˱֮еĲ״˾ͺʬͷڽͷʳʬ塣
ڽͷ𷴿ֻޣԽԽ
ƷǳƷ
˿֮ϷŵĳƷʱг·ƷĴܹȫġ
һƬޣǸϽ߰ɣоӽӦ
Ʒ˵Ϳʼնɱޡ
һ޲Ʒɱ¾ЧֱЩ˶ɵˡ
Щ޴ĹǾҲǳƷһ֮С
ܿ죬ƷѾ¾ϰͷĹǾޡ
ܿ죬Ʒɱ¾жҲĸֵע⣬ʮͷͨĸִӸΧ˹
ƷȥɽͨҲкͨ
˵û
ΪЩˡ
Ҫ


1098 Խ֮ͨϵĸ֣սϣ
ʮͷͨ޷˹ƷŰΧЩ޶Ѿɱ۾ˣͷ߻Ѫ֪ҧ˶ˣڴá
ƷĴڣʱЩͨ޺ͺ޵ע⣬˹
ЩҪ
ƷһΧѪɫĻ˿γһ޴Ѫɫãֱʩչħ˼ͼ

Ǿ޴ýƷϰ׸ߵȻֱһƳһͷ˹ͨ˦˹ȥ
أ
һͷɵͨķֱӱУ޴ʱ˳ȥڰ֮оɢܿ˲仯ΪһѪꡣ
˲䱻Ʒɱ
˱еĲ״ƷŭҲͬ˿ָûκι˼ɡ
ʣµЩͨ޺ͺҲһЩǰ˵ΪС̺ŵôĿֲ
ʱѾ׼ŭ˵ĳƷôܸߵʱ䣬޴ѪɫѸײڶ֮Ʒ˽
ԳƷĹ˵ħ˼ͼϵһǰ޹˺ߵľ硣
޴ѪɫþȻʼʩչڰ֮У׷ɱЩͨ޺ͺޡ
أ
أ
أ
һ޴ĺÿһĺı󣬶һͷͨ޺ͺޱƷɱ
գۼ䣬Щ޺޾ѾƷնɱ룬ʣµЩ޺Ҳڿ˷˶ԳƷĿ£Ҳʶ˳Ʒ׷ǣʱ׷׺۾ųƷ
Щûκôʵ޴ȻһһĳΪ˳Ʒ꣬ȴǳƷĶ֡
Ƭ֮䣬ͱƷɱ⣬ڳƷ˵Щͨ޺ͺޣ˵Ҳֻ΢ѲһЩѣϲûʲô
նɱЩͨ޺ͺ֮󣬳Ʒֱɱ˱е֮УȻܹ޴ӱ俪ȱڴӿ
ǻδչѪȵɱ¾ɷǣƷչ˷ɱ¾
Щӵ޼ȺҲ˳ƷõİӣƷó֣Ѫɫһžܲޡ
Щ޳ҲͬӴͱѪɫø˺飬ûκôƷһˣȱڴγ˸
Ʒɴħ˼ͼħ˼ͼɵѪɫȱڴ赲Щ޵֡
ƷԼǿʼɱЩɱﻹչɱ¾Щޣ˼Ҳֱɱ˹֣γһɱ¾
ÿʱÿ̶ϰ٣޲ָ߶˸ֵ¾ЩѰ޸ûκΰ취ֿ֮е֣ͨѾƷȫɱˡ
Ʒһɱ¾һأΪ֣Ȼ޾ͨĴ̫ˣҲնɱʮͷѣںɽ˵ʵ̫ˡ
ּãʵϸܹٺеķߣͻϮټɽҲ˺˵Ҳٺôбȫݡ
Ʒ⿴ȱڴ滹żΪµÿƼ򿪵ȱڣǱ˻һƴģǸƿΪԣ뷽ԲǧϣҲΪӿȱڡ
Ʒűò˼飬ΪɽսҲͷһˣοûзڻΧĳǽʮ׿Ҷµĸ߿Ƽɵġ
ͨĸֲǲƻҲѣһһƻû⣬ǻҲҪѲٵʱ䣬пܺ俪ȱڣôʱ䣬㹻صפӦˣ㹻ˡ
ʱָ߿Ƽͻͬһʱ䷢˺ɱҲҪˡ
һεȴǲͬȻǱһƺ俪ľ޴ȱڣƷҲĵز
Ӧ˵ʱ˵
Ҳ˵Ǻ廹ɽ棬ܿܳһǴ֣ǳԽͨĸǴ֡
óֽ֮󣬳ƷҲɵõһ˵Ļô˵ѩϼ˪顣
ͻȻʵһȵ˼⽫һս
ƷʱҲûпնʲôڵĵ֮ǽٺڵ޸ɾѪɫ赲ȱڴڲ޴ӿˡ
ƷԴޣЩд˸ˣȻ濪սļ󣬲纣ĳƷ˵ʲôˡ
Ʒ˼ϣټϺɱĳˣʼչ˶Щ޵
һֱ񲿶Ҳ˽ˣȵȴޱɾʱҲѾһһҹʱ䡣


1099 ɱһǧ˰٣䶯
һһҹʱ䣬һɱ¾ֹͣɱ¾ޣɱ¾࣬໥ɱ¾
һһҹɱ¾˶٣޷ͳƣ˵ʬɽ϶ԭÿһֵ
ǺҪͲ֪Ҫʱ䡣
һһҹɱǳƷڷ纣Ҳоƣ
һεʵ̫ͻȻˣͻȻһ׼ûС
齻ǰӹܷߵӣЩӻҪɢȺڣȻսѾˣǵһЩڶ֮е޻
˭Ҳܱ֤ɽͺ᲻Ǳоںߣĺʱµ¼
սϣһ¥¥ϣƷ¥֮ϡ
˵Ҳмƣģһһҹɱ¾϶ƣ
ֱӾԱߵӰȻͣȻʵûгֻ꣬һ
ǽˣɱȥˣ˾ͷˣ
ֻȫҪɢˡ
еˣƷʵ
Щͨĸ֣ҲǱȥ˲ͬĳ֮С
ǳã
濴˿նϴ
ƷҲ׷ײ鿴˸նϢ
ƷɫʱҲѿΪѾдϢͱвͬѾΪһƬ棬Ϊ˺˵ը˷档
֮еҲں˵Ĺ֮£׵׵֮ء
ͬģлδü˳Ҳͬ޲𸲸֮С
вǱУгƷ򣬺ɾͽֵǿ߻оûôˣͻȻ˴ĸ֣ԭڳ֮еפӱȫ߱ȥ֧ԮĲҲ䡣
Щȥ֧ԮͨҲ˻ܡ
ƷƵڣкܶͨĸҲͬǰ֧Ԯʥظֵļ֮ͨĸֵһԵߡ
ΪгƷУԴ󲿷ֵĸֶС
ӦһʧȻʵʩȴˡ
Щָոոϵݵĳеʱȴһֻƻܡ
ʮͨĸֵסֲһֻ֣ʮͨĸȫܣ׷Ѫˡ
ĴǾ͸˵ˣǶֱ֣Ӿͱıˡ
£Ҳûа취գ߲˾ôĺ˵ݵĳл˻ҽĺ˵ڱգһֵֻ׷ɱŵڽء
ޱȲң֮أЩͨĸҲǱˡ
һУҲּ࣬Ҫ֮еʱһֻشٶȳˣһ־ֱӻͨĸ֣Ҳһͬ˺üս
֮ǰеľ飬߲ҲԥֱӾͽĺ˵ɨȥڻǧ޵ʱĻֵ׷ɱ
֮󣬸޷ס϶׷ˣϣ˶۴¡
ԼڵĻдģʹú˵ͬڵһʹ飬Ǻ֮ܶжѡ
п޸УǶٻһô˵ɨȥҲȫˡ
ɱһǧ˰ٵսۣڣոսؽʱ򣬵ǾԴӵʮϰ꣬Ѿؽ糹վȽŸ£ʲôҪóֶΡ
ϹҲһ˽һˣ˸޷飬ǿڿΪ
ǻкܶϾʱȷʵΪΣգú˵Ļ˵˾ȲǰԮͨĸֺ;һС
֮еˣ󲿷ӵĶӳˣӲҲϾӲˡ
⻹һܹܵľ棡
Ȼ޷ܵǣΪʲôӵǿϵоȻһϦ֮䣬ȫ߱
˿ʼ̿ҲζűһΪµĻ֡
£ƷԮıҲΪΨһļУôһûбú˵ɨƽ
˵ģǵϣҲᱻú˵ɨƽ
һʱ䣬Ļ̻̣


1100 һ븹ʼ֪Ҳ죡
ȻиǴֲˣƷޱȵأΪ֮Ϣ֮ǰ²Ľһ޶
ɽͺ֮йȻһ˵ѹ֮Ȼ˵
ͬһͨһ㣬һֶΣڽһͷͨ޺ɱ
Ǹʱ򣬲һ֪֮ϻͨǸʱ򼴱쾳ĸֶ٣˵ͨĴڡ
ͨĸ־ȻܹǿزҲδŵġ
ľ뵱ֱһģһ
ϣɽͺվһ
Ҳɫء
Ȼ˶Ŀ⿴˳ƷƷҲ֪ʲô˼˵ңЩͬҵĶ֣ͬһֻǰһȫܣǲܣ
ͳµ¶˼ʧɫҪ֪Ʒһ֣ƷǸ˵ǿֻҪԽͨˡ
ֲָǲܶԸʵϣ˵ܹвܹ֮˾õ֤κεǲܵ飬ҪԸ֣õİ취֣߿ƼⷽвƷҡҡͷ˵Ϊֵĸ֪̫ˣͨĸֶܹƾĸ֪ܺ˵Ľ
ֻҪСһЩǺ˵Ҳ˲ǣ͸˵ǳԽͨˡ
ڸ߶˸̫Զˣ˵ֻŻʱ䣬ͨĸϣν䶼
ǸԵĲ࣬ɽͺĴУӳͨͨ۷嶼УȳһԽͨĸ֣ҲǴʵ顣
飬Ʒʹ˼ʹҪ취ֵͨˡ
ʥشŵиĵ伮оȵȣȻѾʼ𽥵ĴȥҲ쾳۷ĸһľ
ȻЩ伮ĽĶѵģǼ۸񲻷ƣУҲΪƷ˼ĲƸ
Ȼ̫ˣƽʱڣȷʵ취Щ쾳ĸ
ۿźɽҪˣƷòһЩЧİ취˵ͨԪյڵвٵģǰǰ󱻳Ʒ¾˼ͨޣЩܹƳͨԪ㹻ֱӲһѵͨĸ֡
Ҳü޵ˣ
ۺʵ֮⣬ؼǻӦһֻĻĴڡ
Ʒ֪֪Խ֮ͨϵʲô磿濴˳Ʒʵ
ͨо̫֮ͨϵĸ֣Ǿ͸һͷˮˡ
˿ܲǳƷˡ
֮ͨϵľ磬ΪƷУùԪʱ֮бŲƪдΪʲ
֮һ仰һ븹ʼ֪Ҳ죡
һ븹ʼ֪Ҳ죿ĶҪˣǺεȴǡ
Ҳ죬˹Ļôȴû֪һν˳棬ʵ϶⡣
оÿһһɱḶ́쾳絮ٵͨΪӱ˵ͨķ˼֮һ𵤣Ʒ˵ʵ֮˳õĵﱾϲģ𵤹һ֮ڣֻ˲֪ˣ
ô໹ǲʺеʣû̫Ҫǿ׳ǣûҪûнҪ𵤣Щ屾еѵʺȺɣʱ˼꿪˵
ͳһȷʵ;߱ҪأʲôûУӴ忪ʼһһԼô˵ֱᡣ
Ʒҡҡͷ˵ȴˣǻǿ̽ĹߣΪʲôûУԷܹ߳ǿ·޿Ѫ޾;ܹߵʲô磬ȻǱȴԶֹˣҲʲôûУңԶʱǰ࣬ʣǺ쾳磬ǿɱִҪĶˣ
ƵھҲмأϹ֮ˣԶȰ꣬˥ǼѾɿˣɴ˿Թп
ǸôôϣĿųƷ
ǿķ۳һ𵤣ڷƿѾ˲˼ľ磬ʵΣҲƵˣƷ
ЩʧⵤȻԶ֪ǿ
ȴҲǲܶԸȻҪʱ䣡


1101 ͨԪͣ
ĴڣǲԶԸֻκε˶Էˡ
ƷʱѾȷǸĻֻ֣¾Ǹʹ֮֯кųǸˡ
ѹͨ۷ĸ֣ҪڶԷˣͨ˵߱ʵѹԵģͬ쾳ͨĲ࣬
ƷɴҲƶϣֻӦҲǸոͻƵȲĳˡ
ԭܼ򵥣һǵĻİֶֻͳˣ䲻
ΪˣԳƷŻ˵а취Ƶĵ֣ǲ鷳ˡ
Ҫʱ䣡
֮󣬳Ʒʱ˼ȸУ˾ֱأûзطҶУǾֱ֮С
֮Уڿֻŵ֮УʵԴӽؽûһ첻ڿֻ֮УϾڻ޾ޣǱ޾޸Χġ
ֻҪһСģͿܱ
£¶һֽǸУֽǸҲʵˡ
ϣ˵˵պ᲻һнһбƣҲϣܹóİ취
һʱ䣬νȺħ裬۷׷ס
߲˵ĺ䶯ڳƷһϢһΪͨԪĵҩֵҩΨһôǰ˿ͨ
ֵҩҪͨ޵ڵΪҩƷٶͨ޵ڵҲζſƳٶͨԪ
࣬Ȼ۷ĸ˵С׼ˣÿһҩļ۸ңǰǣͨԪĸҩҪԼȥѼ
Ʒֻṩͨ޵ڵƣһŲ
Ϣһν߲ĺ䶯˵ͨĸֲ࣬ʵϣ쾳۷ĸʮٱڴ˵
˵쾳ĸˣǾ͸ԶԶѰܹˡ
һڵļ۸ԲǱˣ˵ҪҩѼ㹻һһֳҵˡ
Ȼ˷ˣΪڣܹ֮ͨջĺôȣֱС׼ˡ
˵ֵһˣ
ңǰǮ򲻵ͨĻᣬڣƷȻṩĻᣬ֪ʲôĺ䶯
˶ˣڳƷҪĸҩ嵥֮Щҩĵļ۸һ˵ٶȥһ֣ͨ𣬿ֻ̾
ƷɲЩҪʵǾЩʲôܹͨġ
ʵϣܹõóôǮģࡣ
ҲΪʲôĵʦԴ˵Ƿһ޴Ĺϵ
ǹҩýԴҵ˵һöͨڵļ۸ˣгƷĳַѣȴ
ƷֳôĶȻϾ;߲㣬⹫˶ˣ̾ɻҵ˳Ʒ
Ʒ㵽ʲôַͨôʱֱʵ
˵ÿһͨѱĴڣΪԹƷҪһٶ֣߲֮ͨкܶ˷ˣǸȴĿˡ
ԺٶͨҪôܣټʥ֮еٶͨġ
⹫ڵľҲˣԺɽ˫ؼлĸ̫̫ˣʥȻ˽ǵײԼ˿ɿôƷңҲû˵ֻ˿ʵҲ򣬲ô
ƷϵĴ˻ӣǮ
ƷĻʱǰһ԰Ҳ򰡣ƾʲôֻܹ򣬺ԼӵĲȣЩǳȻҲԶˡ
飬˵һ£ӿԽ˻Լĸ֣ǸʱҲͲЩͨըˡ
ͨҲƿ֮УҲҰ֮һֻǰѣϾ£ͨ־Ѿˡ
˵ƿЩˡ
ڣƷȴṩôһᣡ
˵ĶԣҴԤһö٣ֱӺ˵


1102 չأֶ
ܣƷֱӻؾ˵
ƷҲףҪǿƿȫ֣̫ǿҲǺ¡
ҸʮöҩʮöƷ˵
ðɣ
룬óƷ൱ֵܹʮöӵʵҲǻһԵ
ռöͨԪеһ룬˵Ѿǰδеĺþˡ
Ҫ֪֮ǰյͨʵֵͨһ붼֮һ
ƷյٶöڵȷҪָӺһ룬ʣµҲʼָеϺŵĸ
ЩʵѾȫһöǳңƼң߾ȫʮöֱԪˣҵ˺ܶôֽ
ǻʸңҵҲ˼öʥظҲֹ˼ʮöȻֻռķ֮һҵķݶʥصĸѾˣҲ޻˵ˡ
ǸǽԴϲʽҲܿ˹׷״˳Ʒ˻֮УƷֱӵһʱ䣬д󲿷ֵǮƣȫƷʯ
ǮƶڳƷ˵縡һ㣬ôŬ׬ǮҲֻΪ˹õʲƶѡ
ڳƷɽͼ֮УǱҩɽ֮УһڷٵĳɳĸӵֱɽҰֵͨʬ֮Уȡеľ
ͬʱÿһ֦ڲϵ֮ϵЩÿʱÿ̶һ󲻶ϵĹӦƷʯÿʱÿ̶бɻ˷ĩƮɢġ
Щʯ֮еҲա
ƷҲֶ룬ĿǰĳƷ˵Ѿͨ۷壬ʵҪͻƽͨأҲֻ˳ˮۼ顣
ȻƷҪ׷ĲǾϵͻƣֻѰ״̬ͻƵͨأսиԵ
ֻҪս֮ͨУôͻƼ綼û塣
ƷҪľǾͻƣսҲͻƵĵزѰ˸ΪͻƵȫλͻƣǷһ㣬ٿﵽ˼ľ硣
з츲صı仯Ʒţϵǿڵ֣ͨķִ򱬡
Ҫϵͻƣһʱ䣬еϣϡ
֮ǰһöҲ˼̷ˣҪһöҪܳʱ䡣
Ĳ֪
ڳƷóİ취ԱҩɽΪЩֵͨʬΪϣǿд߻һö
ЩͨĸȻȥ˶ʱǱ߱ͨʵʬ巴ͬոȥһ㣬ûɢȫΪϡ
ҲǳƷӵʼ֮ҵһֺܼ˵ĵرķֻʵЩòʧģƾɳĻҪôԴƷԴ֮һ
ʼ֮УҲǷǳֶΣɳã
ƷʱҲѾ˲ôˣЩԴ˵ȱĻʱ䡣
ǸѾ֣һֱбƣͳ˹ڣѾкܶ궼ûôʧˡ
֮ǰлбƷߣҲֻǱһ֮󣬾ͻᱻ赲ס
Ȼȴǳݣʧ֮󣬼ֱûа취
Ļ࣬ĳٶ˵ֻҲǼֲ˶ãԳƷѡڶ˵ʱģЩԴʱ䣬Ҳֵõġ
ǳƷµľʱ䲻
͸ո䵽ƷϵʱȣѾһȦˣҪزҪϰʱ䡣
ȴö̶̵ʱˡ
֮ϣһö𽥳ɳɢŵ㡣
ʱ䣬ֻҪһʱ䣬ٸһʱ䣡
ƷޱȵĿ
֪鼱
ҵĸҩĶѾ˹ǻپ˹Լˣڱˣȱ˽ҩˡ
ƷҲʼչصʱ䣬ǷͨԪ֮УʵҪһƶٶöͨԪҲʮҪ顣
һգۣһµʱȥڼ䣬ʦҵ˳ƷϣܹæһγƷûǰæƷؾˡ
ѰĵҩҲˣЩɶͨԪʧһöʧĿɾһͨĸ֣˵ʧ
˵һֱײβĵҲˡ


1103 ݷ
һԼĪʮģˣһ򵥵װ磬ȴһȡ
ȻΪϣ֮ߵģһϣڳƷ֮ǰһֱ֮е̳֮еߡ
ĵҲЩƷܾʦҵһĹǡ
̫ˣ̫ˣһôôĵҩȻôڵͲһ˶ռսһҪʲôʱ򣡡
̫ԸˣٶͨԪҪƵʲôʱ򣿡
ҵҲǺģҪһѣȴȫܾǣ
Щʦ˵𿴳ƷϵΪ˸ʵڵ֮ȴһˡ
ֻ֪ƷڵҲмΪ̵оҲͽ˶ѣҲǺһˮƽ϶ѡ
ڵϣЩصʦƷ
ЩҪǰæҲйҲ˽ģϾƮҡǺ廹ɽ湹в
ʱԽɵҩʵȻҲԽá
ҲԼ˽ģǾͨԪּĵҩ˵ԲѰлܹӴĵġ
ʦҪһгһմﵽľ磬ҲҪĥĻᣬǰõĻᣬ֮ǰƷȻͨԪǱϾ̫ˣȵһΣһٶö˶ʶˣǵĻˡ
ܹɣԼڵϵ̽һͻͽĽҪǻܹõҩߣδǸͨ֡
ڵʦ˵ʶٸҪ
ֻ֮ǰƷǣҲû취ϾƷȻЯڵϵķչȻ²ͬЩʦȻǰԺգͨԪĳɹʲߣôߵķƷʣǳƷŶޱʹ
ҪҳƷȴرִĵſڡ
ʵڲǲ·ǲѾ˵ˣκ˶ЩΪѵ˵
ǵĵʦպյĴڣÿһǽιﲻ𣬲ǼûгƷĻз
׸ҪųųʱƵҩҲǳں⣬ҪʵһվҲæٶöһҪʲôʱ򣿲ô
Ҳæ
ҲǳһƬ⣬һôæù
ʱȣѵʱŻ֮ô
زֻ˵λȥɣǲѾˣЩҩһ˾ͿƣҪ˰æ
ܣһôæù
ЩʦͲš
أʱһ˴֮˳϶һӣϣʮƿÿһƿ֮Уһöҩ
æʵƺˣ
Ǹæ˵ǵģ˵ǵһʮöͨԪͨԪͳԤһ֮ھͿͨԪƣ
ǺãϽѵҩ͹ȥæ˵
ЩͬȺЩĴæǸ˸ΧȥѯͷһʮöͨԪ֮ǲԼҵһݡ
Щʦǳɵˣ֮ǰ˵Ʒһ޷ôĵҩڲǼʱѣƷѾʮöͨԪˡ
ҳƷûᵽʲôƷʣҲζųƷƵĵҩȫˣһʧܵĶûС
ʱǸоһۣǴʱŷ֣Լ̫С˳ƷˣΪĶɣڳƷϡ
ǣһҲֻһöҩһܱ֤жٳɹʣǳƷһʮöͨԪȴܹ֤ٷְٵĳɹʣֱǵ߸ǵۡ
ݺݴǵʲôʦʵ
ܵ޴ĻǵѰЩϧҩģѵòŻһˣڳƷЩ֮лû̫ĸо
ΪǳƷһΣڵϣҪԼΪġ
Ϊ뷨ŻҴҸȻʵȴݺ˦һơ
νһˣֻǾ֮ܰˣĹҲ˵ͨԪܹаٷְٵĳɹʣ˵һʮöͨԪˣǼֱ췽ҹ̷
˰ˣ̫СˣȻһ˿Ӧұˣ
Ҳֻתȥˣ˾͸˵ˣʱҲûб˼ˣΨипƷ
ǰ޹ˣߵĵز


1104 ͳ
ƷȻ֪һóʮöͨԪֱסЩʦе
˵⻹㲻Ͻ߾ȫ뵱ΪʦԴͨԪʱ򣬿˵ǽ߾ȫ˺ܾúܾòƳ
ȴͬˣΪ͵˷츲صı仯ܹһֵֵʦеֶΡ
ĵرؾıѰĻͲܹտ
ʱ͵Ҫʦרĵˣ˵֮ҪʱûĲ֣ԽԼ´ѵʱ䡣
ԵֱȻҲֱ֣Ϊ̫Ļɶڵʦ˵Ҫĵ
ҲΪʲôƷܹһʮöͨԪԭ⻹ĹԭǵʵĻͨԪֵҩһ¯Ϳöʵ
ʢͲЩʦܹĵģһʼ˫ͲһϵĴڣƷɼյ㡣
˵ʲôٶöͨԪƺܶ࣬ʵӦΨһȱģֻʱѡ
һʼҵ³ƷӦôûͨԪƣϾ˵ҵоͲ֪˶ǮĵľǳƷܹɹ
һƷʧܣڳƷ˵ֻƮƮһʧˣȻ˵ȴȫ㸲޷Ŀԡ
ں棬һ¯һ¯ĵҩ¯ÿһζʮöͨԪ¯һö
ǶͳͳһƷȻȫİյģ˿ŵ˿֣ЩʦǶԾڳƷ˵׼ȷʡ
һ˵ǲףожôѣֻóƷȻһˣҲûʧ
һգ۵ʱ䣬һµʱʹҴҹȥƷŵٶöͨԪҲȫɡ
ĸ߲㶼䶯ˣƷȫɹˣҲζţֻҪһٳٶͨ֡
ټʥصĸֺԭеĸ֣һͨĸֽͻٸ˵ǰδеʢ
ûôǿۿžҪһξľơ
֮ǰһԹУڳƷϢ֮£߲Ĵǡ
ôҲһ֮ˡ
£ƷĺԽԽڴͳʧô꣬һֱһȺ׵Ľ׶ΣԭĴͳ֮⣬¾ȻҲһȫڵˡ
ֱƷĳ֣ӵܹķڷѡ
ϵʱ˶û뵽һϢͳˡ
ʧ֮ãѶĴͳͻȻ³ˣ֮һĻһ֣ͨԴ
Ϣһڣɽͺе£Ϣġ
ʲôͳˣ
˻ȫţڴͳʧЩ꣬ʵѾĬϴͳѾˣĻΪʲôҲһϢûд
ȻڴͳĻع飬ȴǳ˵֮⡣
ͨ˵ͳĻع˵һȫõϢ
ڳҲڣͳֻعˣ˵ǰδеǿ󰡣
һǰһ֮࣬ڿǸˣ
ͨ˷ܲѣƷҲǵһʱ͵õϢһʱͽ˱չأ׶С
ЩҲһֱرִĹڵʦԴϢһֱûκϢҲǲκϣˣ£ʦļ̫Сˡ
ʹ֯ʵڲŸո˽⵽˵ǸĪν񣬾ЩʹҲʵǷ˵ʹ֮⣬κһʵԶڵʱոտͨĽԴ֮ϣʹ֯׷ɱԴܹѵļ̫ˡ
û뵽ڵʦȻʹͳһعˡ
ԳƷݣȻܿͻ׼˴ͳ뵼ʦԴˡ
׶ͳĺ԰֮УƷͳԴԶԵʮС
Դӵյĺ۹⣡ͳЦһˬʡ
Ʒпϸͳ֮ǰڵϼЩ̫һʵ֮еĴͳθߴͦΣм־˵ɣΪȴܺͰûʲôӡ
ƷСҵһѧҲģԴοĿųƷ˵֮󣬾˵˳ƷЩ顣
ƷѾΪһ档


1105 ͳ
Ҳǻ֮󣬲֪˳Ʒ¼ģڵЩ֮УƷһ˵ٶȳɳڴͳڵʱ֮Ϊһ֡
ɲǹֻǿͨͿȵģʵϣͨôܹ֮࣬Ϊһȴûм
ܹķڷģֻһͳһǳƷ
Ϊһʦܹ̳ѧ˵Ǵ޺ˣҲûʲôҰˡ
ͳˣ
ƷЦ˵
ͳΪȻصĺȴȻҲͨ۷Ϊ
֮ǰĲ²ȫͬΪǰЩֵͨʵ㣬ԭͳΪǿҲֻͨضѣܹﵽĵزͳѾʮ˲ˡ
ŷ֣֮ǰеԤϺ͹㶼ԣͳΪԶ֮ǰ
ʱҲò˼飬ǳƷӵõ˲˵ĴУ£һǿҲȫʱȺľޡ
ֻչȷʵкܴľԣҲ֪ˡ
ûгޡ
ͳȴȫͬ
ƷԺ֮л˹ڴͳϣȣͳֵķǳͻȻ˵Ǽƾճֵġ
ԴӴͳʼѾǷǳǿˣûãͳѾͨĸˣһ·ͻͽ˺֣ܶΪһ֡
ǳΪͳΪͳ֮󣬲ĵĿʼ֮ǰδйһͳǿơ
Ҫ֪ûж֮ǰͳ⵽ɱɹɱ
ǸͳֵͨҲûУǻǱɱˣȻһλͳλ֮󣬾ȫŤת档
˵˭ʹ˭ϣìܣֱ˸ìܡ
ַͳƷìַܵһޣ˭ʹ˭򵽷ˣҲûˡ
ߣҪǱΪǿΪ
һͳȷʵʵ
ͨ۷ĸ֣ڵȷʵڶ⣬Եʱֵʵȷʵܹĸִڡ
һͳǿҲ˽ˣԴͳʵȷʵҲûбҪţίߣͬƷһҲЩţίߡ
һĲԾ˭˭
Ʒ֪ͳزģȻвΪ֪Ĳ֡
ҿûйҲû뵽гһܹɳز
ͳҲͬп˵
ȻӦûδͨ۷壬սֻѰͨ۷嶼Ķ֣
ƷֻЦЦҲϡ
һ⣬ʦôʹͳһ𣿡Ʒֱӿʵ
Դ֮ǰ⵽׷ɱʱǴͳңҪûдͳҿˣ⼸ûϢʵϣҲΪ̫æˣ
ƷȻԭʦȻͳȣڿļһֻնϵֱҲƼ¿¡һֱۻȥ
ֻǺһߵֱȣܹ֪ĳȼҪϲ١
Щһֱ׷ɱһΪΣյͳص˵׼ȷ˵Ӧ˫ŪԷֻһֱҲᣡ
ǸԳΪôƷ
û뵽Ȼ֪ͳʮ˵
Ʒ漴ͽ⼸֮ʹ֯ļνֶ˵˳
ɱúãͳƴЦ˵ǴˣЩʹѡģʼߵˣô꣬ȻɱˣǸϼһ϶Ҫˣ
ɵúã
ƷֻЦЦʱףΪʲô⼸ʹֻ֯½½鷳֮ǰչ
Ͼʹ֯ʵҪʱԼǲѴ֮Ȼʹ֯ȴûг֡
ƷҲĴʹֳ֯ĺˡ
ףԭǸʹ֯һֱںʹͳѹûڳԸԼˡ
Է϶Ҳû뵽Ƕ̶̼ʱûйܣԼܹɳز˰ɡ
һԵĽԴҲЩ̾ĿųƷͳʹֹֹ֯һΣȻЩʹĿ£ȻЩʹȴһһ˳Ʒϡ
ӵ¼ֻԶ洫Եôһء
ɱʹٶҲû壬ǱǸνǸԳΪļһѾ˵ڵԳΪҲ޲ɣ
Ʒ̾һ˵


1106 ͳ
ʹ֯˵Ʒնɱٶ˶ûκôܽǸνնɱôһжû塣
ΪνʹʱγؼĻǸϡ
ԵʵνǾ޵УԳΪʵҲδɣԿ
ĹؼǸϼһͳصĵ˵ͷһλҲΪ˽ϼһ
Ҵ鷳ҲҪֽ
ͳ˵
ƷпͳȻʧ֮ãҲΪסǸν֮ãǰǸͻȻѣôƷһϣҲûС
ͳܹԸǸν񣿡Ʒǰһ˵
ǾΪѣһ֮ǰһܵδڿɫĺ󱲣Ҿͷˣͳп˵
ͳղ˵ǸйأƷ˸ղŴͳ˵
ͳ˵ͷµʵҲûʲôˣץʱ佫㣡
ƷܵĳƺڴͳѾΪĳϵĴˣһЩԭԸ⹫ܣҲԸΪ
ʵҺǸν񣬶ؽ֮ˣͳƽ˵һϢҺ磬ǸʱһףзһĴԼһĴ󣬽ͱ͵ؽ֮УǸϼһҲǸʱһǰģ
ұ֮УͷڶԹؽ磬ЩҺֶΣǰҵ֪Ϣǰ׷ɱ˭֪壬Уͳ˵һֱѰϢ˭֪Ȼһ뵤
أͳЦЦĿ˿Ʒ˵ؽ֪֮˿ɲ࣬ҲԼص
ͳȴûм׷ʵ˼Ϊÿ˶Լܣܹͨģÿһкܶпܡ
ΪҴ鷳ҲҪ鷳ȻĸЩһֱͳĸǸϼһҪҾҲֹͳҧгݣȴ־ᶨ˵֮У˸־ұܵδҲãºãǸ˼Ҳãɳʮ־ˣҲܹˣ
ͳʵҲûа취ԸǸ񣬵Ҫʱ䣬ֻҪٸһʱ䣬Ҿа취ԿƷ˵
ͳ˳Ʒ֮Ϊϲ˵
Ǿ̫ˣһԵĽԴæ˵
ͳ˵ܵʱҲûбܿԴȻǽȫĸ
ˣͳǸǸʲôطƷһ˲ͬ˵ʵļ䣬Ȼ֪µλԶԶֻؽѣڳŴΪʢʱؽΪ硣
ͳ˶٣漴˵˵ĲΣӦҲܹӴһЩŴ˰ɣЩ֮УᵽһʣǷ
Щ֪ѵЩ伮֮ᵽνѵģƷԾ˵һ˵ķ̫ѣһͻƴﵽ֮󣬷£ŴǾһֲˣڵܹĵġ
Ϊʱ̫ԶʵҲ֪ΣҿԸ㣬ȷ£ͳųƷصĵ˵ͷȻʧˣ֪δɹǸʱģҲ֮ҵһѾõĹϴ󣬽򿪣ؽ磬Ҹҿ϶ؽȻĳϵ
Ʒ˵˵ͷľȻ£Ȼ֪ΪʲôʧܣǺһ˵ֱʣΪӵʵļ֮мʶ˵곬Ŵʢžüֱ˼顣
һԵĽԴûоʲôνľҲֻһѣΣȴ֪
ǸôƷʵ
Ǹˣ֮󣬾ͻˣͲǺȶҸ֮󻵵ˣͳҡҡͷ˵֪ǸϼһЩһֱ޸ҲҪصȥģ
ͳ룬漴Ʒ˵󣬾޾һ֮ϣ룬㣬ӦҪɣ


1107 նҰ
ǱˮΪڵ֮УѾǶˣȥгһգܹ뵤֮Уǲʺ㣡ͳ˵ӻʼôʱ䣬Ҳ˽㲻ٵ飬츳ʹУԼҴδͣңͣҲԶԶȲģ
ͳֱ̹˵֪Ʒһһ˲õĴУŻڸһ귢˷츲صĶ仯ǲҪҪǣƷѾֳ˾˵츳
жϣʺ㷢չĵطͳ̾һ˵
Ʒ˵ͷͳ˵飬ҲʮֵļѾоؽĸֶ˵ѾˣԺɨ޵С
ٹǧָ꣬곬ŴʱڵĻԻͣǸʱڳƷ˵ʵ̫ˣõȲˡ
ṩһ̨ܹһ׷Ѱ͵ĽŲ
ΪܹӴͳ֪ڵ飬ȻȻͳҲ֪̫ԶˣҵͳʱףͨǣܹӴȻܡ
ܣԼǰȥ̽еˡ
ƷѾ˾Ҫٿͨᣬټʥغڸͨĸ֣ͳ˵
Ʒʱһ˵ͳĻǸ񲻻׷Źģ
ͳԼٿͨᣬصͨȫټɽͺ˵ҲһõĻᣬһ·ȫһ򾡵Ļᡣ
ǸνĻҲŹõĻᣬǸ־һͳؽĻõĻᡣ
ΪӵȫѹԵͨǰһ׶ֵطӽ£֮ܶģʹã˵ú˵ը֮ģҪΪ
ֵطսԸֽţ֮ǰıеǸӵйƳзȻ׶еķǱܱȵģȻƷҲûаܹסǸνĽ
ʣΪΣյʱ
֪϶һõĻᣬ˵Ƕ˵ֺγһأ
ͳƷ֪һо˿ڣбݣ˯У·ϣҵȲһγ֣ÿһγ֣ˣж˿ڿôڣ
ұҪĿ˽İ·һεĽֻǰѣһνʱ򣬾ԲֻУУʮУΪ˵Ҫһкܼ򵥣ͳǸʱ򣬿ܾͻʮˣҾԲһγֵĻᣬҾҪնҰģ
Ʒܹܵͳᶨ־־
ղҲ˵аգҪʱ䣬ôͳƷ˵ҿ԰ȡʱ䣡
ƷףͳǴԼסǸνĽŲˡ
ȻҲͳ˵סĽŲĻ룬һбˣ鲻ܼˡ
İɣõĻ֣ҿնôҲǰ׻ģ
ͳĳƷļ˵
֮һƬȻ󲨣ʧѾõĴͳȻˣ˵ȻһõϢ
Ȼ˻ڴͳͻȻعʱأͳͻȻҪٿͨᣬеֶͨҪμӡ
㷢Ӣеͨյһʮ֮ٿͨᡣ
Ϣһ䶯Ƕʥ֮еĸ˵֮ǰδӴͳͳ飬ֻԴڸִ˵
ҪͳһƲˣûͳ׿ϣҪǸܵģгƷ׿ϡ
˺ܿ죬ͨĸֶǰ׶Уμͨᡣ
ͨҲʣ˽۵ص㣬ܹͨϴʲôЭ飿
ǴͳĻع飬ʣʿΪһ塣
ͳĻڴˣƷҲ顣
ʮʱգۼţһһµ֣ͨһһ׶УȺİݷʧãڹͳ
һ죬˵ĿҲ˹
һͳٿͨᣬҲ˵Ŀ֮ٿ


1108 ׶Ϯ
ڴͳع֮󣬵һٿᣬͨĸֶΪǰͳѾкЩûôˡ
ŴͳĻع飬ͳ³Ϊĺġ
ͳ⣬Ըеļ߶ڽиָıֱ
кܶ߱᳡֮нвɷá
ڻ᳡֮Уһһͨĸʢװ
߶ʮּ㲻ͣǰδеһ棬֮ͨһͬ
Щ֮УλǰŵĳƷȻص㡣
ƷҲǴҴҶɫҴңǸոæʲôһ㣬ոյ
ڳƷ֮󣬺ܿ죬ΪĿĽ㣬λҲڴͳ·λá
˶ףڳƷĶͳλҲǴϣ
ϾͳԶȥƷ֮Ӱĸʾͷǳˡ
ںܶ˵УھδͳһδͳĻ档
˵ڴУͳ
ߵϯ̨ϣȻ̨ͨĸ֣ɵޱ꣬ʲôʱй˻Ի͵ʱˣ˵⻹ȫ
ȵƷƳٶöͨԪ֮ĸҲٶٶͨĸ֡
ĳ̶ֳ˵ͳЩĳɼҲδؾͱȳƷ⼸Ҫĸɫ
ͳһˣ漴˵ãӭμһεͨᣬһεͨᡭ
ͳδ䣬أͳһҡضأӦ˵׶жھҵҡΡ
ֻԶ֮ϣһֻ޴ޱȵĴ֣ݺݵ
ͬʱ׶ϷͻȻһӳ֣ʼ׶жȫȫֽС
¡
׶жھҵĶϳѷ죬һѣҪ׶µķϵı
׶еĸϵҲһӱ˳֮ϣһųβ泯֮ɱ˹ȥ
䣡
һöһöĵը˿γ˿µĵĻ񷶼ڱˡ
˶ʶ˲ã˴ҡ
˲ɵõһڳжͨĸ֣Ȼ˻ѡʱϮ׶УֱѰ·
ȻȻôˣ˶ɵˡ
¡
һֻٶȴЩڱյĵĻƺûܹ˵Ǳһ
׶еķϵֲһձ˿
ֲ˶Ϊ֮׶еĵ涼ھҵĶ
䣡
䣡
䣡
һ޴ĺ˾ֻ׶һصľ»ؾȻȫһ֮бһָֻĳ˻ҽ
׶еķֶΣ˵ǰһûκô
ҲӦ˹ҲİӦþ칥ٺеһˡ
ֻ֮ǰǶۼڣĿһĻ
һĻȻ׶֮У֮࣬еĺġ
ھһʼŭ֮ϾޱȵĿֻ֮Уٺе֮˲أ׶еĹģٺмֻ¶ҪһЩ
׶бݵĻֻ¶Ҫ𶯡
֮ϣ֪ʲôʱѾķ޷˹һߵ׶Χ޼һ˲䣬ͳ׶еΧ
˵һЩͨĸַӦٶ졣
󣡡
ˣֻдܹô䲻ĽʵϣٺбݣҲΪʵ̫䲻⡣
ȻĻôģ޵ľۼùǵġ
֮ϵжٿǸû֪Ҳֻĸ߲ԼһЩˣ󲿷˶Ǹ˽ġ
£ؽļӺƿҲȫλġ
Ҫһֲǲܵ顣
ֻٺебƷߣûޣҲ֮ʧͿ̿
ڣǸҪһʼʩٺеһУָƵ׶֮ϡ
˶뵽һ㶼ʼ
ķһƬ
ͳƷɫأȴ棬һĻ׼
ڸ׶УҪ뽫߲նɱٺõĻҲûˡ
ͳһǰȫͷŶֱʡ
ʵͳȥ
նħ
һȥأ
Ǳһȥأ


1109 Խͨһ
Ʒ̧ͷ֮Ѿеķޣ֪֮У޴ԶϮ
Ȼˣ
ƷȻ֪һҪȵǸٶȳֵʱлޱȵĸӡ
ͨἴٿпǸȲھٶȳˡ
Աߣ˼ҲͬأʹӳƷǱ֪Ǹ飬֪һսޱȹؼ
һãӴ˸
û·ȴѾûǺ˵ˡ
һȥأǱһȥأ
֮Уּͨڵǵس׶еķ
λɰڴһ٣ʱһսˣףƽԪ˧һȷ˸߿ա
Щͨĸ໥һۣʥ֮еҲͬ־ԷҪ𣬸֮ѡ
֮ϣһֲӰǴħһٵĿ׶·ܿܿ
ȫһŹâ֮Уա
ĿĶס˴ͳܹоõĿ⡣
ͳҲηԷӣ͵ʱ򣬳Ʒס˵ͳ⼸֮ƵĵҩõϣһĵֵҩԻס֮ڣʲôƣȻһصĺ֢֮󣬻ʧȥȫĹõϵʱ򣡡
ƷܹоͳĴ־һĵĺ֢̫ˣƽʱҲῼʹãȻڴͳȴͬΣܱһʧȥȫĹҲҪǿ
ã
ͳһ۳Ʒ֮󣬽ӹһĵȻֱ֮ϡ
䣡
ͳڱһµѪɫͳУͳϵϢ˼£ͨ۷ϢֱӺ忪׶жܹоʱķڷڡ
΢ͣһ֮󣬴ͳеٶһµľ磬ʵɱɱķ
ƷܹͳһƬͨ죬ƤȻżʹȻͳʩչطһսͻƵǶڱĸҲʮ־ˡ
һͳȻҲĴ־ҪҲҪն
Ϊƾǿ뵤ʵܹ࿹⣿
һȣ
ܲͿˣ
ͳһһǰȥֻоƬضҪ̮ˣֻߵÿһܼѣ·屻˺ѵĿֲʹ
ЩͨĸֶסˣʲôӴͳϱĿֲǶоЩǸܹ
ʥ֮໥һۣܹоͳͷųķǾĵ
Ǿǵ伮ϼصĵô֮ȫ˼顣
ʥ֮кܶ伮֮ж˵ĴڣҲֻǼعеʵͻƵķѾʧˣϾʥҲ̫̫ʱˡ
֮ʧĶʵ̫̫ˡ
ʣһ˵Ǵ˵еľ磬˵ȴƴŬҲﲻľ硣
ȻҲóͳӦʩչĳطǿľ뵽֮УȻȥһء
½ֻԶԶţǸоޱȵļ¡
ǿЦǲƾ㣿Ц´ͳҲ磬ţʤġ
ʱ򣬳Ʒ߸߷񷣬һ̽һͭϡ
ͳڰһΣ
Ʒһϣͭϣеķ䡱£һɿֲ⾳ͷ˳һ̣Ʒ·𻯳һŴĿǿߣʡ
ȫĺչȫȫںϵһȫķٱȡչ֮С
ԽԽǿչϵѷ첻ϵĿѣԽԽǿ
µͭһֻڳͣһɿµͷ˳
һʼûнƷһͨݣȻƷϵչâԽԽʢʱһжˡ
ܹоչķâһѲƵͭԶвûлĻǺεȿ¡
һ
ƷһȫĹȫУƷľҲǰδеĴﵽ˼ޣһҲ׳Խͨľ硣
һȻҲ˵ܡ


1110 һش
Ʒȫļⶼ˺ѣûйһΣȫĹܹȫͷŵز
ȫĹ۵һ˲䣬ͷųͨҲģֻеܹ
ȫ۳һ𵤣νһ븹ӴҲ졣
ͨĸȫͬǣͨĸȫ纣ܹȫķȴࡣ
ֲͬķǵۺ񣬸Ҫǣֵһܹȫ
˴ܣһֻһֵһÿһγȭԳȫʲôĲࡣ
ֲǣ˽𵤵Ĵڣһ˲䣬ľȫķͬ£Ӱķӽ֮зӵ
ĵķָٶȸܹͨȵġ
׼ȷ˵ͨͬǣַͨӯȫж󣬾;ܹɶٷ
ĸ֣ܹϵĽķѹɽ𵤣ÿһĸ֣ڵķͨġ
ͨȣĸ֣ȫλ
չƷҲһ˽ȫĹͷųȥ
ȫƤȻһ˲䲻ϿѣѪ罦ԼȾһѪһ㣬һԽļޡ
ֲһ˳գ˷·𿴵һֻɣԾ˵ٶֱӳǸķӶȥ
Ǹ񼸺̾͸оһֻڸľв
һʱķӦҪȴǸʱ򣬸оԼ꣬סˣһֻܹȻ׷ĺǡ
Ҳԥһ˲䣬һֻѾ䵽ǰˡ

Ҳˣȫķһ˲䱬˳ȥķۣ֮˲仯һ޴Żǰ
䣡
һŻոձٻʱͱһֻڸձը˿ŽȥƲֱӺ䵽ϡ
䣡
һµ˼µĺһҽ˲䵹˳ȥ֮ȻһֱֻӺһ󶴡
֮ǰµƣֻޱȵǱ
𣡡
һŭŭޱȵǱޱȵķŭһͷ˵Ұһ
Ҫɱ㣡
Ŀ⴩ǧ׵ĸ߿գĶס˳Ʒ
˶һļž
Ʒһֲ̫֮˵Ǹ񣬾һ·ϱһɨеЩޣǱķ飬˲䱻
ֲֿƣͨҲǵһһκ⡣
˭Ҳû뵽ƷȻܹôֲһǿħһ㣬ƥеĴڶˡ
ƥɣͳЦƷһֱشҲɨһϰ
ֱƽ֮Ĳ࣬ȷʵ㲻Ǻܺõ״̬Ҳش
ͳ֮˸ž˵ɱ⣬վһȥҲҪƥնɱ
أ֮ϣƷʧȥȫһһѪˣ֮е
ڳƷصʱһѩ׵Ӱһݹӹǧһ֮ʽסĳƷ
Ʒ˽סֻŵ㣬̧ͷһȴ˼˭ء
˼һ˫涣ԹĿųƷ촽΢ŵôô
ƷܵҪĦ˼꾫µӣ漴ʶԼȫðѪأһѪˡ
ȿȣ
ƷֿȳһѪžúܶˣһķ̫ˣֻоķζҪˡ
Ϊһǿȡ˺չĹչһֵܣǴ۾군ˣǻˣΪûôǿ
ֻһԼҪɶ
ģû£ǷеأƷ˵
˵ĹоϵһһĻָʼսǿ֮ɴ˿ɼһߡ
˼ҲܹоƷϢ𲽵Ļָһ
ʱھ˳ƷղǾ޵һ֮׶еķսڿʼˡ
Ȼ˺ܶദأ׶ﰵķػкܶ࣬ټ׶Ӹ֮оӢеľӢ
޾޴˲֣һ⧲Ҳûлңܿ֯˷ߡ
ЩͨĸҲ׷׼սš
ͨĸֵÿ֪ս֮ңɽ˴ȻҲ׼ͬͨĸִ޾޴֮˳ĸҲֻ಻١
أʱһŭӸ߿֮д
Ʒ㾹Ȼˣ


1111 벽֮޵
һȣһӰһ˵ٶȴ֮ϷӶ£ǿֲһȣֱӽеƲȵķ顣
˶ܹоһɾ˵Ϣ
ڰ֮У̽һӦ˹һԼͨޣȻ漴һݺݵĳһӰն˹ȥ
䣡
һ˳ìײһ𣬱һµĺ
Ŀֱӳ˷ɢ˿︽ޣڿնĻֱӶɨ˳ȥ
ۣ
̽һҽУһѪ˱ɳȥһٶס
˶סˣΪǶ̽ʵͨ۷壬ȻܲƷôǿҲǵ֮һì˳ȥ
˵ʵ֮ǿҲɴ˿ɼһߡ
ǸӰҲΪ֮һͣſˣһͭУһŴһ㡣
һ˳ìɢſֲɱ⣬ܹۿɼʵ˳֪жôľˡ
սɱĶ֣
Щͨĸֻоͫ΢΢˵ʵƾֲһìش˳̽
ȻҲսɱ͵ĸ֣޵УҪԿǸܵ顣
ϵɱۿɼӰʵ硣
һʹ
ƷǺѪ˵˵Ҳ֮ͬӦþߴʹ֮û¶ĵһʹˡ
ƷܹоϷڵķԶԶ֮ǰƷնɱǼʹͲѰܹᲢ۵ġ
Ѱͨ۷֮ϣ̽һסɴ˿ɼһߡ
ǳƷڶʢʱڣֻʤҲ֮䡣
زѾһֻ̤˰벽֮УȻȫĵѾ߱ĳЩ
˵һ˲ͿԽķȥ֡
ҪƷΨиһſԣ
˵֮ǰĳƷֻҲûжٰܹܶԷڲͬҲѾɸղǿֲһһЩתͷš
ȻûƷܸһǱڷƿѾһˣֻҪָս׾ͿԿ벽֮УĳЩսֶΡ
ʱ䣬ƷҪʱָƣϣչһֱӶϳڣѾ˺ۣ֮ǰƷһչҲǺȻϳء
ƷܵڵָԽԽ죬ʵָԽܹ࣬÷ĻָٶȽһӿ졣
ȻǵһʹŹᣬҲ˳Ʒǰδе״̬
Ʒλ£ұɱ㣡һʹĿųƷս֮ϣȴ֮
ղǿֲһҲסˣû˸ǰͨĸֿķףһʹжôĿֲ
бɵƣƷЦһŵһʹ

һʹ֮˸ɱ⣬˲俪ʼ̣µĶݹɱ˿һƬս
ս֮ϵףһ˳棬Ȼǧһì̳⾳ӿֱӻǧųƷ
ֻһ˾սɨ޵е
ȻڸߴԵսͳ֮սȣһЩģսϣܵ
뵲סΪƷĻָȡʱ䣡
ףƽԪ˧һĵ˰գ˽ĵĻڱһС
¡¡
һµĺ۾Ҫˡ
Ǿʹ޾ıը֮пǧڶһʹһìֱӺɨһеĵȻųƷ˹
ʱһӰڿնһ˵Ľɨǧ׳Ŀֲ˪֮Ǳڵǧᣬɢ
䣡
һ⻯һƬѩ磬ǧڵսݺײһƬ֮ײϯһС
һеɢȥһʹ˿ֻ¶˼ֳԾɫһû֣Ȼܹ˵
һߣһӰʮǿֹͣ˽ŲҲǱˣ˼ꡣ
˼ܿƽ˶ײɵĹɣ֮֮ɫһʹȻͬƷ˵Ϊǿᡣ
ʣͬΪͨ۷ĸ֮У޵еģԵһʹʱ򣬻ȫ·硣
ʱȻЩʱ˼꽫ڰգ˫Ķס˵һʹ
ȥܣ
һʹľ֮¶˼̵ֲЦݣãúãȻҾ·


1112 ˰ˣƷճ
һʹ¶˼Цɫ֮ɱⱬеĳìϷڳһҵĲ¼ˣһìֱӳ˼ķֱ˹ȥ
Ĺǿ˼ޣһì̳ضžҲ˲ͻǧٶȳ˼ķȥ
˼һȫķֱӷڶĿֲ˳ԶѰͨ۷ķ̶ȡ
ͬһնһƬѩ硣
¡
һξ˵ײǧѩ֮Уչ˷ƻһεײضŷһƬޣµķҲҪƵߣ㿿
âŷ˺ÿȴ쳣Σյʡ
⣡
˼ˣֻоؿڵѪڷӿһʹĿǰ˵ҪǿѾһЩսʽ۹ʵһʹδػڵ˼ǿ
ڳŴ֮ҲǼΪʣǿ֮Ȼô򵥣ȲƷںͻʼս֮ͬгҲǷǳ򵥵顣
һʹ˼겻֪˶꣬Ҳδ̷ܹ˼Ĺ
ϿһֵֶΣÿһαķȴ˼ҪĶֱ࣬Ӿͽ˼ѹ·硣
һʹԼһȻûܹش˼ֻ꣬ǽ֮ˣʱ֮˸ź˵Ĺâһ֮󣬼ûκͣ͵ģһʹٶȳ˼ֱ˹ȥ
ǧٶȳֱ֣˼ꡣ
أʱ򣬼Ӱ˳ֵֵסֲһ
Щǳ̽޼ˣǳ̽Ȼոձشǻ̳
׵ĺܣ˵Ŀֲ뵽˳Ʒ
ƷƺҲôҵһ֮ͨĸ֣ǺεȾ˵顣
ֵܹסģҲֻгƷˣΨһľǵסһʹȵƷƻָĻսֶᱻһŤת
ּĸ֣Ȼһ֮ս֣ȴһ֮ıսֵ
¡
ƿһǻǸоȫѪ𵴡
вɵ𺳣ּĸʵ̫ˣ˼֮ǰιȴûҲ̫ˡ
֮иֱƷֻ˼Ҳ֮ϣ˵ȫܹ֮뵤࿹Ĵͳˡ
˼˵
ţ
˼Ҳǰͨ۷ֵİסһʹİִ˺ܶࡣ
סңƾǣʱһʹЦеȫķһ֮£ڷڡ
һ˼ҪסĽŲҲ뾡˼ˡ
ìɲǼ䣬һɫֱ˼˵ķɱ
Ϭһͬʱ֣Ĵͨ۷ֳ֣Ǻεȿֲľ磬գڶѪѹƬء
¡
һοֲľײȴĴͨ۷ĸֵһȻȫˣһìɵĺɫ˵ַһ
ƾǣ
һʹ׷״һһɫٶȳ˺ȥ
䣡
䣡
䣡
ͨ۷ĸֺֽε֮죬ɲǼ䣬ѾϰУ˾ֵķ֣ĸѾĿǰսȻĽڽڰˡ
ÿһεײ˶ĺ˼
ۣ
ڣ̽ȳŲסˣһѪ˲䵹˳ȥ
֮ǰŸոձشڲǿһӲѣڣֱһٶΣֵַһѹҲ֧Ųסˡ
ڳ֮̽޼ҲֲͬסˣܿѪˡ
˵֮ŵ飬ǰ벽ʵô
ֶǶ֣
ƿؼֱѾ˷츲صı仯
ֵܼ˼꣬ڵһʹĽ֮£Ҳͬǽڽڰˣ˼ȫķĵƬء

һʹһȣгìɨأһì˼껯ıѩ磬ȥƲֱӺ䵽˼ϡ
ۣ
ôõ˼һѪͬߵķһ㵹˳ȥҪݺ׹䵽ϵʱһӰֱӺɶһѽ˼걧˻С
˲ǱˣǳƷ
˼걻ѪƷŭա
ָˣ˼굱ϲĿƷ
ûȫָԸҲˣ
Ʒ˵֮ɱת


1113 ս벽
ƷὫ˼ŵϣ˼æʼˣҲսϣųƷܹ
ƷڲٶŮ˵ı󣬳ôһʹָųƷ˵
֮ǰˣն練ƣ
Ʒ˵
ǿЦɣ㾹Ȼһ֪һΪ飡
һʹ
Ʒҡҡͷ˵ǿϧΪȻҲܹϴԣΪôǵѣһָͷͿ־֮ҲҳǿЦô
ڽ˵ʼĳƷ˵νһЦǵʣҲ˸ԳʲôΪѹһЦ

һʹɫ˲ļΪѿƷǷЦеֱǿ벻̡

еĺɫìƳգֱƬء
̫ǿˣ벽ĸһ˲䱬ʵȷʵǿԶԿ˵ģ
ǳϵľ¶˼ֲ˼顣
жϣƷֵܹסһʹ
νдͳţ֮ǰֱƷشԷ˹עĽ㡣
ˣ
ì̴صʱ򣬱һֲıһ˳ìһצĳųƷɱ˹
ڳƷбɱ֮ģһ㶼ֵ˼

ƷֻǷһȭֱӺһ˳ìϣƾУ·磬µײģԶԶ֮ǰĴͨĸִսһʹʱ
оĴͨ۷ĸֶһʹĽڽڰˣƷһȴס˵һʹĹơ
Ҫ֪Ʒ֮ǰŸոձشϻпµѷ죬ѪںȻȴܹסһʹ·硣
һʹʱ¶˼Ϊ㵵飬ղһ֣ûκһ֣ȴκβóƷ
ˣ
ƷһЦ߰Ŀŵһʹ㴥һЩֶΣΣ㱾Ļ̫ˣ
Ʒһʹ̬ҲõһʹױŭˣһǿƣҲ֪ܹǿУ£ܹߵ벽ĵزȻǰġ
Ȼˣҿ㻹ܹӲʲôʱɣһʹ˵ڿµ֮УķɵĹâ˳ɫĳì˹һɫֱƷ
ƷķӦҲ˿˿ãһȭ˻һֻɫһɫ
һڱһУŤأ˵ֻܹһɫһֻɫϵ໥
˶ף˫־໥⡣
һʹ˵˸ǶԳƷʵоȻһʹΪ̽˵һЩֶκͷÿһ඼ܹȫķͷųȥһǻص
ȻƷȴȫͬԻδֶ̽κ͹򣬵ǼˣֻܹһֵķȴҲһʹˡ
Ҳζţһʹ嫴һۺȴȲƷǳƷ֮Ужٵķ
ޱȺȻ
ܿ죬Ǿͷ֣֮ǰֵľ棬Ѿױ仯ˣԭʵ޼ĳƷ͵һʹѾŤתˣƷԼսϵ
ȡϷ磬һʹڲ֪֮䣬ȻͱƷѹ·硣
ܣôģ˶ܺ棬ƷôԽԽǿ
ܿ죬Ǿˣԭܼ򵥣Ʒս֮Ҳս֮ͻơ
Ʒ֮ͨǰǿֲһ˰벽һЩżǻδȫգͨҵսǱȫƳˡ
ӴĹһַѰ˵սĵز
ĳƷһķڳŰٷְٿڵֶΡ
֮̽󣬳ƷҲԭһЩ
һʹԽսԽļ£ûܹһʱ³Ʒʱ
ȥֱ룬ھѾܵ˼ΪǿѹԭЩľͿԵסƷڽ߾ȫȴǸܵǿķɡ
ѹţܹô̵һʱزֱǲ˼漣
أ
һκɫĳײ˫µ֮У˵˳Ʒ˿һʹĶУϽһѪ
ڸղŽֵһ˲䣬Ʒ˵˵һʹ
Ʒս벽


1114 һʹ֮
һɲǼ䣬Ʒսڳ˰벽֮Уһʹһ޶һЩս
ҵѹĥʱһʹȻһӻعȫȫ˹ΪԼȫ֣ܹնɱƷȻʵȴˣһжǳƷļԼսͻƵ벽Ĺ̡
ĻҵսҲûôܹ벽ƷһЦ˵
ֻоȫ֮ڷڣһ֮ŷ֣սиһĿռ䡣
ʵϣʱڷĳ̶ȣѾǵһ㣬̷¸죬ĻѾһˡ
ǰ벽ͬΪ˸ӸЧķʹսƾַһΣȻﲻĵزȴҲЩѰͨ۷ľˡ
ܣһʹȫţ̥￪ʼУһҲǶʮ꣬ôܴﵽһҴӿͨ۷忪ʼΪ̤һͺķ˶ʮʱ䣡
Ʒս˰벽飬һʹӲŵǣƷȻֻô̵ʱ֮ھˣЩ֮ǰǰֻ˲Сʱ˶ʮ·
Ϊ˼ĵط
Ȼ˶ʮ꣬ѾǾ˫ˣϾⱲҲûп
һЩã˾Ƕˣǲ
ȴ֪Ʒеʵļ䣬֮ϾǸݽ겣ܶǲֻȱˡ
֮ǰչһóƷӴ˵һЩת֮ϵʼ֮еҪ㣬ƷյٶȾһ
Ϊ㱿ƷЦſŵһʹ˵벽ľԺô۽Ҳͽ˶ˣǸνʲôֻҪ㹻ʱ䣬Ҳն㿴
ᵽ񣬵һʹı鿪ʼŤ֮б˿ֲɱ⣬Բ
ѾʶˣƷµĲǵµΪֲٶȣ˶ʮ飬ƷСʱˣϰʱв飬ƷǶʮͳͳﵽˡ
ȥ˵һ죬ܹȼԼΰǾԲġ
õôƷЦһ˵˵ˣ۽סδ
𣡡
һʹһȣɲǼ䣬ȫķ˳ؼҵһһ㣬ΪһƬսĺɱ𣬿ֲǧ˲両˳ȻųƷɱ˹
Ʒ˲͸оԼȫȫֽս֮УãǱ֮С
ǵһʹ־˲ͽƷֽС
ǾͬʱƷ˲仯ޱߵĺķһ˲תɲǼ䣬ս֮һƬͬһǧ
ɲǼ䣬ͽǧսķ顣
ƷҲսǰ˿һʹΪİ벽սڳƷǰһ
Ȼһգ۵Ĺһ˳ìƳգɲǼ䣬ѾֱƳƷüͷ
֮ǰе⾳ΪǣƳƷһɱС

һʹҲڳ˳Ʒǰ֮дɱ⡣
Ʒ֮Уһµһڳֱӳ̹һ˳ìնȥ

ǧһ֮ʣ˳ìֹ˳ìͻ
ͣ
һʹһ˲оһɿֲĹӳìϴ˹ɲǼ䣬ƻڴֱըѿѪģǱһɾ𵴵ġ
ô
һʹʱŵһθоƷжôĿֲһЩս֮󣬱ƿشﵽһ۷壬Ʒûб䣬һ˲ȴ˺ü
ûʱЩΪƷֱֳֳ֪ʲôʱѾĸǰӦĻᣬƷһѾն
һ˺ѿ񷣬ĺ˲佫һʹֽС
أ
һʹһҽУ˲䵹˳ȥȫһһı˿һֱӽϵ׺ķ顣
ʶˣԼͳƷĲ࣬־壬ˣҪƷս
ƷûзŹ˼Ӱ棬ɲǼ䣬׷ɱ˹һȫͷ˳һն䡣
ͣ
һʹ屻ն룬ձն


1115 սޣɽ
һۻңɲǼĹһоѾˣ
֮ǰԺɨսܵеĵһʹ׵ıƷնɱ
һʹԳƷ޻֮׳˵ϡ
û뵽սͻƵ˰벽֮󣬳Ʒܹǿز
ֱ˷츲صı仯֮ǰĲµĵһʹʱԳƷûκλ֮
˶һĻʼ󺰡
䣡
䣡
䣡
ȻںĻ϶ƽգҲǿΪģ׶У֮¾ӢۼĵطͬҲǸơ
ЩϷķޣҲв©֮㣬ܹ͸Ļ
Եȴ׶еľӢ֣ԾԾԣֱӷϰɱЩޡ
ǿ˳ƷѸײڶ֮Ƶľնɱ˵һʹʱĴ
һնɱ˵һʹ֮󣬳Ʒͷˣ׶ķ˵ͨĸҲ޷ͻơ
ǵһʹּĸ֣пӷջ
ͿƼߣƼǿĵطͬ˵ȣܹɱЩǿ֡
ǿȴǿһز֮ȴҲа취ЩƼ
ȻƷѾﵽߵٽˡ
նɱ˵һʹ֮󣬳Ʒֱӿʼ֮޾ķޡ
սͻƵ˰벽֮󣬳ƷɨЧҲﵽһȫµľء
ƿأҲǴﵽ˵Ƿ켫Կֽһ㡣
һΣ׶е񣬵һμʶ˳ƷֶΣ֮ǰͨĸֶͬ
Ʒһ֣֮֮зӿһƬĺ󣬶Щ֮һһֱ֮γһƬǽȻǽ֮ıѸײڶ֮ͬ籩һϯ
ۣ
ۣ
ۣ
Щֱ֮ӹᴩЩޣƬƬķޱնƷĿ֮ƬƬķޱɾ
أƷмӵһͨޡ
ƷֻǴһһץץһìì֮ϰٷޱֱһͷеֱͨӱìᴩ޴ݺݵ䵽˵ϣֱӶ΢һ֮Ͳˡ
ƷǱһ޴ƶ⣬ķʱ
֮޵Ḻ́׶еķչ˾Чʵɱ¾
ЩͨķǳƷص㣬ڳƷصչ֮£Щеͨûþ˸⡣
ǳƷĶ֣һ֮ж㲻ϣ
Щ֮󣬳Ʒֱӷɵ׶⣬׶⣬һ֧Ӵɽͨ˹
һĴڽĿ׼׶УһǳֵĻȻ׶ɾ޴в
ƷҲûκԥıһ֮γɣȻֱӷһ֧ɽĽ֮С
һ֧ɽĽҲ̾ͷ˳ƷĴڣһһڴƳǵųƷɨ˹
Ǹ޷˵ĵƷƷһָֻһǧ׳ĽֱϯųƷ͵һն䡣
¡
һҾ޴սձն룬˾ҵıը
Ʒû꣬ϵչɱ¾һһҵսն룬ǼӲĽǸ赲˳ƷĽ
һ֧ɽĽ֮еָӹٱףǸ޷赲ƷЩͨ޺ͺͼֹҲһ
ֻƷһˣֹһ֧ɽӵͻϮƷһ˴Ľڽڰˡ
ƷǵѾһµɱǵڸһһڽ֮еĳƷƽʱԸֵͨĽҲƷ½ǡ
ʱǲϧ¹ѾҲҪƷȻʵϼ˳ƷҲǺô
Ƕ̶һӵʱ䣬֧ɽӱȫ߱
ϰӴĽӣǴ׶пըĽӣھӱƷɵ߽ˡ
ڿƼϣɽŲСĲࡣ
һ֧֮󣬳Ʒֱֻ֮УЩ޾ޣƽأߵĶɱĶֻɱĵˡ
޾˳Ҳ赲סƷǰĽŲڱɱ˴ڡ
һ޴ĴΧжʮͨĺ޺ޣȫͨϵĶ֣Ʒæ


1116 ȫʤͳĲʤ
ЩػڴΧ֣ƷʱҲǴһ
Ͼ޾޴Ǹ벻ܹͻϮ
Ǽ̵ľͷʮͨĸ֣ƾˣһӷס˳ƷеĿռ䡣
ȻЩ˻̫С˳ƷʵˣЩ˵ΧƷϱһµĽâɨͬһϯ˳ȥ
Щͨĸֺ֮ǰƷնɱЩѰޣƺҲûʲô𣬲Ƭ֮䣬ͳͳնɱ
ͨأڴʱĳƷУ˶ѡ
նɱЩͨĸ֮󣬳Ʒ˳־ͽЩȫ飬ԴԴϳ޳Ҳڵõ˶ơ
Ʒֱӷ׶Уʱķڵ֮ǰ׶еĵرȫɱûзӳá
ĵؿɲֻ׶Уһöö̻ź˵ı־ĵɹգЩ֮С
¡¡¡
һ޴ĺһһ޴Ģϯޱûһеޡ
ͨĸֱ˵УҲһ·һ˵ֻͨˣֻǱ˵ನɨУҲͬ·һ
ÿһöĺ˵ɨԴϰޣȻ׶⣬ǱƵزҲǿʼݣֱӶ˹͵ĺ˵ɨֻޡ
ֿµıըڶһĢһС̫һ㣬ûһУۼһޣֱõİӣֻҪ˵Ⱥըϯĳͻϰֻޡ
ֻޣͳͳ𣬿µ紵ųƷգ·ڸ߿֮졣
ռ
Լĳ㶯ãҰĻȴʮֹģ˵ûֵͨɧţ޴һöһöĺ˵ֱ޻֮
ܿ죬һͻս۾Ѿˣ޾Ƴɱĺը֮£Ҳȫˣ֮еķҲֵ֮ͨ£ͳͳնɱ
ʱ˲һʥ֮еĸֶ֣ǣ޹ǵĳ棬ʥ֮һӶûа취ġ
˵Ŀⶼ˳ƷҿƷֵļʱ赲ס޴ǰĽŲǱ޴ͻ׶УôҪڶú˵ûôˣпΪͶʹá
Ͼ׶пɲǱУǱ˵ɨƽȫȫõȻ󲨡
ƷԼû̫࣬Ŀ⿴ǼѾԽ˴㣬Եĵطһ˵ս
սǾһʤĹؼս֮ϵĴͳʧܵĻôǳƷʤˣҲûκ塣
ĸȣƷ̫ˡ
Ҳʶ㣬׷׽ĿӳƷת˿Ȼ׷׿Ե
ֻǵĿⲻôԶսֻżо潻ನɨ︽
أֻһ޴ޱȵĺһö˵ը
˶ף϶ǷֳʤˣǾ˭ʤ˭ǾͲһˡ
Ȼ˾ֻ˴ͳһһĵĴ̤֮Ŷݹˡ
֮ǰֵʱ緢ȣʱĴͳޱȵǱ
׼ȷ˵ӦޱȵĲңȫѪȾˣе˵ѪҲѪ
ؿڴһ޴˿ڣؿ˺ѵС˶ն˿ڣѪ죬ɼǣ˻ɣһ˲䣬᲻ֱӶϳء
һֻƱն룬ƶȥԴҲԿɼǵѷ졣
ͳǾ˺εȾ˵ս
һ̣׶˵Ŀʪ󣬴ͳǵǸͳΪǣ
ôصƣ·һûκδĿԡ
Ǵͳ
ͳû°ɣ
Ʒһ˸Ѿ˴ͳԱߣס
ܹоʱĴͳ·Ѿ;ƿݵĵزһ綼Խͳ
ܿ죬ĵʦԴҲڰ֮Уס˴ͳһߡ
û£һΪѾˣû뵽һĵȻãҲ㶼ΪҼֲסˣͳȻЦֻǣϵ˿ڣɵЩ졣
Ҳޱȵ𺳣Ҫ֪ΪԼѾˣشǴҲˡ
Ǿ£һǿ֧塣
ǵƷ׼һĵãڵ


1117 ƽɽ
ԭڳƷ˵һĵҲû̫İգǱҽ뷨ؼʱ̣һĵ
඼ҪˣԼоѾˣ˭֪Ͼ֮󣬴֮ǿһס
Ȼ࣬ȴǿԴ౻飬򶼲
֮ǰƷ˵ģܶصˣܵסƣͬģΪۣһữΪС
ѾܹоĹ𲽵ʧ׼ȷ˵ϸ֮е𽥵Ļơ
ӵ£Ȼܹ
ԳƷΪȻܹóͳȻһĵãɵһ
ͳǸϼһˣȷû֮󣬽Դ󿪿ʵ
ûɱˣͳ̾һ˵
ûɱ񣬴Ϊź飬ΪһεĴս׼ôãϧƴҲҪƷҲľȫΪһش񣬿һͷ
Ȼˣˣʶ˫Ĳ֮࣬ͨĲʵ̫Զˡ
ǿнսǸ磬վĵǳƷһʼشôֱ룬˵һʤ㶼ûС
ҿȷҲܣҲܣһ㼴ɱͳ¶˼Ƶ飬漴˳Ʒôкܳʱ䣬֮ڣӦòٳ֣
ˣƷͳԼΪƷȡµʱ䡣
ŴͳಫشͻһսҲĻˡ
һսĽͨʱý嶼׶УҲн޹ǵĿֲһĻֱ˳ȥ
ӦɽͺڶδģˣĿֱָ׶С
ֲֿĹģԴ˲䴫͹ʵϣڳĸ֣гƷʹͳչ˾˵ʵһĻУֻһӶӦ֮ǰͻ䡣
˶ˣ漴ޱȵķŭɽͺ嵱Ǵ㽫塣
⼸Ǻʵ飬ʱǵһθо˻Ϣڽӽ
һʱ䣬ϣһжˡ
ɽͺ֮Ĳ
ôȥˣеĺ˵ȫ֣ȻǴ壬ôҲǿѪԣ
ɱЩ
һʱ䣬νȺ鼤ܣԽԽϸڱ¶Ȼ󲿷޶⣬Ȼкܶˡ
дͳ˴ϢԴͳ֪ɺεȵĺ䶯
ŭҪɽͺҲҪ࣬ôҲͲʲô˼ˡ
ǣɱ׶УҲɱɽ
˶ŭš
׶дͳ֮Уͳһ£ں԰֮УɫмֲҰףֻû뵽ǸովһҴӵ֮мһˡ
ԱߣǱˣǳƷ
ҲţҾȻܼһͳЦ˵ȻѾȥ죬ܹһ˵ʮ顣һĵ֮ǰҲһЩϣ˺ܶ಻һĵҩûв´ĻӦǵõĳĴаɣ
ƷֻЦЦҲ˵
ʱĴͳһ㹦ûУȫȫϣǱΪͳʱӣǾʹشˣ㹦ȫϣ֮жĴҲͬ졣
սȻ۷ʱûñȣնɱѰͨҲǳԷˮһ㡣
һ㹦ûеƭǾԶˡ
ͳҲûжѯʵ˼ֻȷжϡ
ֻҩҩЧȻǴͳĹֻ¾ȫˣƷ̾˿˵
ܹһҾͺˣϾ֮ǰΪһ
ͳʮֿÿ
̶ʱ䣬Ȭǹȫޣ
漴ͳüͷһѾ׼ô
ƷѾ׼ˣ˴γضҪƽɽɽ뺣ȥȻΪĸ֮ڳ񱻴ͳˣǽɽƽʱ򣡡
û֪ƷʹͳȻͬǰ㣬ųƽɽһٽĸ֮һұۡ


1118 ǧ
˵ͬʱҪɽͺ壬ľޱȵͷۡ
ǵĺ棬վһĪʱľӲҵˡ
ںò״ͳΪȡµʱ䣬㹻ɽ׵ƽ
Ļʵͻɽ֮ϣڸ߶սʥظֵļ룬ټϳƷóٶöͨԪҲջʱ
ٶͨĸ½ȻǱȽϳͨǶѰҲԺɨ
һٶͨ˵ǰδеǿ󣬴ʱǳ׼ɽĺûᡣ
ͺ岻ͬһĲɢЩһֱһɢɳһֱ񽫺ͳһв
Ȼɽͬĺĺͥ˵ؽ֮еʵҲܽЩͳͳնɱһա
Ҳû壬ķչҲ벻Щޣɽ˵ȴǶûɽĻһɢɳͬһ㣬ټô޶ĻС
ûɽڱ֣ܶв
õĻᣬڵʱ
Ҳнɽƽ뷨ˣֻϧ֮ǰҵʵԳƽɽȱͬʵ֮ϣɽ֮Уһ򲻿ܻĶ֣ͳп˵ɽ˵ǿĵȻͨĸԶԶǣȻڣǱֻǿɽҲõ˻ʱˣ
ţƷͷ˵ûκβսܹưؽ磬ڴһ١
һһľȥһ֧һ֧ľ񲿶ӣʼǧľӴӸر˹׶С
׶֮Уһһ޴ޱȵĴʼתôĺֹɽҲǾԲ
ֻǴ̫ˣ£ҲԸ⶯ô;ӣϾһսٶҲܿ졣
Ȼһβͬɽ֮սҪľǴһֲͬɽͺͻϮ׶һ޶
һֱ˼ʱ˲ű֪һεĿɽֻԪ˧ľ˲ܹ֪һεĿɽ
ֻǽӵϵľ
죬ǳƽɽʱȱǰ̣ΪǴټУȱѪȾɳڣɽȻҳͻϮ׶УǾ˵ĳ裬ǾҪɽѪϴˢһεĳ裬Ƕɣǿؽ羿˭
ڽĶԱ֮ǰ׶бϮͳ˴Щ˵Ҳһֳ裬˵ɽЩ˶ˣֱʤڣҪɽ𸴳֮սˡ
ҪôԱɽЩµѪծ˾֪϶бɱġ
һһҵսϵĴʹ֮Уʧ׶Уûһ˵ȫоѪڣһ֮ս
Щ֮еٮٮߣȻսǧӼĴսһڹԪʱֱǲĿֲ֡
ʱҲѵһĴսοǾʿٮٮ֮еٮٮߡ
ããؽȺɽ֮УһƬɽʶȻɣдͨԷЩɽᵽһƬȺɽĴӪɽ
޲Ⱥɽ֮УĲͬɽ֮ϣǸ¥ãѾεС
ɽڸɻи屻Ѻڵ֮УֻѾժ˼壬ʬһ֮гɳȵʮͻᱻȥɽһϣΪǵĿʳ
ˮ֮С
ûܹҲû뵽ᱻ֡
Ȼʱһսƾճɽ⣬һһҵս˳սϲŴ򿪣ͬ۷볲һ˳ǵض
ЩսһͷһͷսޣڱƬ񷡣
һƬѪɫ磬ɽһƬޱߵŨ˼۶ܹĵزһӦǼȲ
ţͨĸƾճ֣ÿһѹһһȫһսǬ
Ʒΰ˼̤ź޴˶֡
ԱߣҲſ򣬷۵糸


1119 ˵·ս
һ˵ٶȷٵļɽ⣬һս
һսעӰԶƵ£
ɽҲûĸ֮죬Ϊʷϣûͼɽĸ
ⷽ涼أһʼû𣬵ҲûʮİգɽȻһ߲롣
ڣһжȫͬˣʱѾˣһҹ֮䣬ʵǡ
ؽɽ֣ʮڣϰڼ㣬Щ塣
ʱѪծѪˡ
֮ĶȻҲܿɽע⣬һһսҲڿն
أʱ֮Уǧö־ź˵ĵշųβ棬ֱӸʡ
˵
ɽ֮Уһŭ˵֮ǰһ˵ɽͬıֵͨһĻôǧö˵ͲǾôˡ
ǧö˵ȫɽҲͲ̸ˣֱӾˡ
˵֮ǴɱµʱҲˣΪµ
ǧö˵ɨȻ˵ֱµ˼¡
ɽ֮ҲһûУĺڣ۷Ҳֻ׶еļߣ͡
һʱ䣬һ⣬иɽ֮еĸͬʱ֣ڰ֮ǧö˵
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һıը˲񷶼޾ĹûһĩһϢǧö˵һӸɽ
ȻǷڸ߿֮УǳƷܹо𶯣˲ֱӵĺ˱â˵ʲô⡣
Ʒ⼸ҲǵһδӳˣȻף˵·ҲȽϳõַӲӣ˵·ֱӵİ취Լٲ֪
һǧöĺ˵·֮ʣµľǳˡ
ڳƷʶ֪֮Уǧö˵󲿷ʵܹ䵽ɽϵĲϰöѡ
Ǿϰö㹻ɽϵķϵ
ɽĽ󷨣ܾжٵĽ󷨣ɽϵԼҲֻڲϵļӹ̺ӷõĽ󷨡
Ҳؽִ֮ɱɽΪԤһڲϵļӹɽķϵ
ˣϰö˵䵽ϣҲһ˲䲻֪˶ٷ硣
ƷܹɽϷܶսƾձɨֱɨɽɽͷΪƽأĸ¥̮һµĩճ
ƷҲ֪⻹ԶԶûнأɽô򵥾ͻᱻƵĻôú˵ɨɽˡ
սĵط
װȴ˵ನɢȥͬʱҲڵȴͨ󲻶ϼ֮С
أʱһҿֲ׳ľ޽֮УһƬ޴Ʋڱסһйâһ㡣
ҲƣƷѧʱ֪Ƽļ˽ᾧǽ
սĿıǼսģ̫սǳƷҲֻǾû
ôһҾ޽۾ͳңۺҲװ̫࣬Ҷѡ
ھһҳ
أʱһϰ׵ľ޴󼤹ӼǽֱӺɨɲǼ䣬Ѿɨɽ֮У˲ɨƽ߷塣
ͨĸֿһ⣬ɫˣǣɨеĻһ
ڳ֮̽󣬼ǽϣһһĿĴڷ׷׷ˡ
⣬ڣͬʱһҼǽĻͱȵһ֧ˡ
ƶľ⣡
ʥص֣ɫˣʱֻޱȵˣǵûдӦƷĻڿӭǵľļǽˡ
ڼǽȷ֮󣬴ڳˣһһҵսǿĻǵҩģϹһۣҪɽ¡
ԳƷĿԿЩȻֲǾһĽ赲
ʵЩȵĹΪƿһҲĽ磬ǽʱ
һٿը֮ɽĽҲƻ˸߰˰ˣɽеĽӺͷϵҲͬʱʼ˷
˫Ĵսչľʼɱɽף԰ƷڰУɱɽһǿϢӾ֮ӱЩͨĸһȣȳ֡


1120 ɱɽݿ
ɽ֮ǰ˴֮䶼һ̶ȵĿƣڳ˺Ȼһܾ˵ľ档
Ȼڣ˫Ѿûκ·ߣһɽôɽı»˲ء
֮սǵأɱڡ
ɽҲڳŭһ޴ŭһͷͷǿҰһ㡣
಻ûоͷɽһͷͷǿҲڿնЩǷޣڵϻڱڣȻܷУǽǿҲǿԾһӷϰж֮ͣеɱ
ޣȻȫ켶ޣ˿ͷƤ飬Ҫ֪ڵϣѰһ޳Ҳͼͷ޾÷ӷǳͷˡ
ȻȴȫޣɽĿɴ˿ɼһߡ
һͷֱͨɱ˳δüȴ֮һͬǻƳգ˲ͽ
ͣ
Ѫɽһ޴˲
ԶƷһɵĳղһȥġ
ƿԲת⣬ǵڣлǸпȷʵͬ졣
ָڵֱԼеһָʹ
˼֮󣬶ڱѩպͷӣҲԶѰ˵
Աߣ˼һ̤Ȼ̤һȴɱȺ֮Уչɱ¾
һ˵Ľâ˼һĽâǳƬƬɨЩҲ켶ޡ
Ʒ΢΢һЦҲģʱ䣬˼ȫգһʹһսһЩ¾벽Ҳֻʱѡ
岻ڳŴʱھѾµʣһߣͬ졣
սϣ˼սѾڶ⣬ֻҪԼСģɺɨ޵С
пȥܹ˫ֲĺһһ
޺ֱӺײ
԰̨Ļףྫ֮еľ񣬵Ҳ֮еٮٮߣһ˲䣬ͱһѪѪɡ
ս֮ϣֲֿɱ¾˲ȫˣһ˲䣬˫гǧ˲
̫ͻȻˣǴҪԼɽ֮ж֮оеľ񣬵ҲһֲɲǼ䣬ͱ˸Դ
ЩͼǺܿͱ̤ƽ
ɽƽ̫ˣĽıѰ£ΧҲܹ£Ǹûıô졣
ϾɽҲһˣҲһȴͬҪ𣬷֮ս
״ܿѾɱɽıԵ޴һ֮ȫ̤ΪѪ࣬־˵ĴǰͨĸҲҪݱܷâ
ƷҲڴ֮УܹоѪսΪһ壬˿µϢ
ֻܸͨоͬɽǶǿ˵ܹĸоˣָоںѰЩͨĸֶ
ˣʮ˶ڻ£ͨĸֿɱ߽߳
ּľ԰ûκεҶԳͨĸ֡
ǾеɷڶֱܹӺЩֵͨԪּĴǰҪݱܷâ
ҲΪʲôк˵ǽĴɱмǿ֣ʤģ˫ľ
Ʒ֮УԸ֪Щɱ۵ľһѪɫڷڡ
Ĵվһߵģܵľһб
Ʒ¾ǺʱȫУЩȫ䲻ƷϣɵľͻᱻƷ޹ʹ

ɽϣӴ𵴳ǧѪսˣɽ֮еձӵкܸߵǻۣȻҲûȻгһձɱɽ
ʱķߣô赲סԤı򣬴ݿһһķ߳ױ顣
ҪԿ޻δܻԮȵʱһɽĸ֮
ԳƷͨΪͷֱɱɽƷĿһѪأʬƯ棬Ϊ޵Ѫʳ
ƷĿѣŭ˼£ɱڡ


1121 ͨأն
ɽ𣡡
Ʒһȣɽ
ɽ֮Уǿޱȵ޶Ϊ֮𺳣ƷĹʵֲ̫ˣһ𣬶ʨӺĴͨ
ɱ𣬽˽ᣬɽ
δе׳٣һƬѪգǺɱǵ⽣ӰѪȵɱ¾ڲϵı֮С
ɽ֮УͨҲ׷׳ˡ
һӰɽ֮д˳һ׳ɲǼ䣬ͻһĸߴˡ
ʥԹһǿ壬һΪΪֲѪʮֳ㣬ΪҲѾͨأǸʱ䣬ͨ۷ҲǺпܵġ
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1127 ȫս
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1129 Ļɽ
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1130 䶯
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1131 ıɱ۵
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1132 ˣһȺ
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1133 ɱңûǸ£
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룬Ŀ⼫Ϊ䣬һˣֻǵЦһǶһȺôȻƵز
ϣһβǵĹϵʵʵ̫̫ˣ
޾˵
Ҳûã˶ꣿĸûмꣿǸСأŲ˶ʮѣǺǣЦһ鼫Ϊѿȴ˵Ѩ޻˵
ȷʵƷ¿ֻǵļʮ֮һȻȴǸƵϣ֮ǰǴŵġ
ֻ˵ʵ̫ˣȻܺᲢۣеٶҲԶԶǵ
Ҳ޻˵ϾǱĽڽڰҲʵȴȡ
ʵϣʱ䣬Ǻϳ棬ŵסĴ
ûкϣôʲôˡ
ϣ㲻Ҫ̫СǸƷҵõϢҲʵǿ£뵽ոյõϢмֺë
ǺĴڣȻͬ˺ܶϼһ˵ȴʲôˣǿǵһĴڡ
ǰѾȴ˳ƷϣⲻܲΪ֮ޱȼɵ
̸ɫҲ΢΢һ䣬漴Цһ˵Ȼ˵ȷʵǿ۷ʱڣʮƷһҲĶ֣ϾҲˣҶһЩ۷壬಻ּܹжѣ
˵˳Ʒϣ˵ԼϣǸƷҲûʲôµģǰҳò˶þͿԿ뵤ʲô̥￪ʼҲôѣôұȣ
ޱţѹҲƷƷҲ˰벽սȻž޴Ĳģ벽Ѿϰ꣬Ʒмꡣ
Ҫǲҵǻм鷳ϾеķǿǸ˵ǵע⣬ҲųԴӣҳ޾֮ϣҾͻ֪ʲôߵغ񣡡
˵ǣһë޶ѣ
ϳһֵĺȥ
ֻҪŵһλأ군ˣ
˶ʱϵĻǺܴȷʵµʵĴǳƷĴڡ
ƷĴڣһǵͷϣʱ¡
кͬǰ벽ҲȳƷǣҪܳƷֻҪʱ͹ˡ
ӵһλ֮Ǿܹˣɽˣ֮󣬾ܹưؽ磬ôʡȥ˺ܴ鷳
Ͽһˣ˵һλӦң֮ͻƵİأΪԸ̯ˮô
ֱԲ˵ʵܣ屾Ͳһ壬ֳôȺһ£˴֮ĳɱҲкܶࡣ
زĽǶȾͺѰȫͬˣҲûȤ뵽ɱ֮УֻͻƵĴ֡
һλǰʱǰֻҪϳסƷȵϳ֮ͻᴫԼͻƵİء
Ȼе飬ȴҲ˿뵤ջ󣬵βףȻ뵤ֻǰ벽֮ңеѶȴ޵벽Ѷȸ
ûָĻ˵ⱲӶûл뵤ˡ
ջӦֵĸԭ򣬱ϾҲˣȻδ˥Ľ׶ΣҲԶˡ
ûʲôµģһ˾ܹӦҪץʱ䣬ҵǸƷҪĹͷһһ飬ôСΪҲо˵ߺߣ
˵
˴Ӧȴֻһʵ
һҪǣû뵽ҲңãǱ˴֮ҲͲҪȥˣҵĹͷҵҪû


1134 һߣһ
һӰ߳ĿЩˡ
ЩתͷһȴһһϮµ꣬˽
֣˿ݣֱ
Ʒ㾹ȻҳʱһĿݺݵĿˡ
ΪʲôƷЦһڳ֣ͨ϶ɢſµϢǶ
ĸ֪֮УЩһΪεĺ֣¶˱ģһͷͷޣֻǴʱϢ
ڳƷĸ֪֮£ͳͳΡ
ֳкܶ෴ӦĿʱȷӦ˹Ʒܹ׷ٵΪصĺ׹֮У϶֮е˭ˣȻˡ
ĻƷ֪׹Ĵڣʮ֮£ĸ߿Ƽ̽ҲûǸܹ̽⵽֮µĵط
οô󣬲һطһط̽ȥԳƷܹԣǱˡ
û֪Ǹ˭ģȻһоͺˣ˵ϢһӶʵ
Ƕ˵Ʒսµͨ۷壬ϵбնɱļ¼֮׺νبС
޾Ҳ߶Ƚ뵽Ʒĺս˾Ͳòţܿ죬Ǿ뵽߻źϣͲɵ÷
ǸƷʱϿڣ˳Ʒ
ұǸԳļһ᲻֣û뵽ûг֣ǳһзļһƷ˵
ĿֱָϣˣûзһĴ׸ѡ
ЩĸȻҲóƷ֮еֻޱȵıȻȴ
޾ɲΣ˵ƷΪһȻˣڵ˵ǵĴڣ˶㶼ƷȻβĿľΪҵǸ
Ʒ˼ֱ˾֮ģ·˽֪ҪǸδȫָʱ򣬽նɱ
뷨ֻ룬һֵһĸо˵ĵҲǵȻӵѰͨ޷Ŀֲʵ
Ǽ붼롣
ܹǸ纣һϣ˲Կͷ
ĵӿ󣬸ҳϷǰĪΪ㻹ȫô˵ּ֮ɵɫǰСƷˣղųƷôֵģûв
ƾС˳Ʒ
ȫˣΪֻҪȫ˶ѣƷЦһɱ˵ģ죬һߣ

̫ˣ

Щͨĸַ׷ŭ
ôĵӣ
һŭȫķ˳·γһ޴Уʱһһ㣬Ϊֲ
벽Ŀֲսһͷ˳͵һʹȣֻǿ벽ʱԶȵһʹҪõĶ࣬Ȼǵһʹܱȵġ
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ƷһȣȫķͬŷһӲӵĹâһִ޾֮С
Щͨĸ֣͸оһ㣬ֲѹֱͷ˳Ȼܴ󣬵ս֮е˵ֱһ֮һ㡣
˵ĵһӦǸϽӳȥ漰˵ս֮УĻֻսನѰͨ
ʱһŹϵͼ֮з˳͵һһѪɫãֱӶס˴ڣһ˫ѪɫĿնĶס˳е˵·
ǳƷķħ˼ͼȻڳƷĹʩչ͵ͬն³ƷֱӲٿأҲֱͨ۷塣

ЩĴз׷ƿڴλףƷǴ㽫Ƕߡ
ĿҲȷҪʰ֮ʰǣһ򾡣νĺҲͳһտǣһЦˡ
ƷôĿ˽أٲȻһɽĽࡣ
ƴˣ
Щһŭ𣬷׷ױ˿µĹѪɫöȥѪɫֱֻĳѪɫ֣Щͳͳķ飬޷
֮䣬ЩҪħ˼ͼķǸġ
ʱ򣬳жŵĳƷͺ϶


1135 ˵䣬һ
ȶֲķһ㣬˷ڶȫ¿ʼɫۼף˸ɭĹâΪֲ
ȻһֲĹͬһ㣬Ѹײڶ֮ƳųƷѹ˹
һǻһɽһƷһӵѰĿֲ裬򼸺Ҫʵʻֳ
ɲֻ֣ԻһҪԻɽ־Ի⾳
жôĿֲ
Ʒ˿ã࿹⣬ȫķɫͷ˳ɲǼ䣬ͳźǵһͷ˳
䣡
Ʒһɫޣһȭһɽı˿ϵƷȻףǳƷǼ򵥣ѷ֡
һȭֱӾͷһУȻ˺ϡ
ʱϲʶԣ֮ǰ벽ƷʱǴشͲͬն
Ʒ̫ǿˣֺһȭԵֵ
æˣһӡɲǼ䣬ԼǰֱӻΣֱصƥ֮ƣųƷѹ˹
ƷҲˣϵһѧȷʵףشѧ֮У֮ǰɽƣˮƣԵֵĿֲֶΡ
һʹҪתܿϧ˳Ʒ
Ʒη壬ɽƻˮƣǰͬĲһûκô
ƷΣֱӺ䵽˺ϵϡ
أ
ϱһȭУˣֱײ˹ǽ֮ϣ޴ĹײľҡΣһȭжôĿֲ
ܹ֮дڵĹȻѰĹûʲôʵҲ֪˶ٵĽ磬ڱƷһȭ
ҲЩͨĸֿźȻǶжôļ̣ҲûԱƿֻܴħ˼ͼѪɫðصǿͻơ
ҲδԼгһܹ˱Ƶϣֱޱȡ
˿ȥֱӴĹǽϵĺؿڵƬȫӵƬѿѪֱ
ƷӲӲ֮Уϳһ
һѪ˳ʱʶԼϺͳƷжĲ࣬ȭ׳Զԣһ£ΪȻˣǷȴԻķѹκǿС
ǳƷȴͬΪ޵УѪҪǣƷķ̶ȣȻҲҪֲġ
ǲ֪Ʒеʲôطô˿ˡ
ͦʹ򣡡
ƷһЦȻһһźȥСĿռ֮У޴ӣ󣬵ǵٶ˵СĿһѡ
ĿųƷƷʱèϷһ㣬һֻеıǰдֱЦ
ûиƷʵ͸
ҸһᣬֻҪңǸҿһ
Ʒźϣ˵
ĿĻҪ֪Ǹڣϣֻ˳ѣν
вǸԵĻƷδ֮ǰҵնɱ󻼡
Ҳ֪ʲôطҧ˵
ȻˣҪãƷЦһɲǼ䣬ʵˣһֱֻӳźϵķ˶ȥ
һֲȭֱӻ˳գ˲
ҲһȣǰͬһͼͼϣֱݻĸӰĸӰֱȸ䣬׻
ʱɲǼƷоռ·𶼱סˡ
ƷҲ̫ˣΪһƶûôϹЦڽƷƭ˹ûҪֻû뵽ƷʵܹǿزŽƵز
Ҳĵƣ޾֮һԶŵĶ֮зֵıòײŽһͼõ֣˼ʮʱ䣬żɣܹΪԼá
ֻƽһֱòϰˣΪѾںżֵĵûж֣ʵϣҲһʹá
Ʒоֱ֮Ŀռ䣬һɼΪǿĽ֮
ȷʵǺñʮ֮һӲ


1136 ն
Ʒʱ򣬷ˣֻǿźϡ
֮䣬һ֮˵䣬Ϸȸİ׻󣬼ҲǴļ
˵̫ŵʱȷʵ䣬ȸ׻Ĵޣѹػ磬ſٳڵ硣
ֻǴ˵ڳŴ֮У֮Ҳֻһ˵ѣǵ˵ǸΣȻֻѰ˽
ӵʵļ֮УƷܹ˽⵽֮ȷʵļ֮ν˵еޣҲûмǵȷʵܹļһ˵γɼΪµ󷨷ӡַ֮
ͼҲİǳŴ֮мΪеһֽļַ֮
ΪĶˣԳƷŲôš
ͷˣӲ
ֻóƷӲڽƱ磬ļ֮ͬȼĶֱУѡ
ΪⲢʹ߱ĳ˵ǽ֮ȻֻСΧĽһصҲһܹƿġ
ν֮޾Ҳ
ǲӲȻ֪ˣûв´ĻͼӦûмɰɣƷ˵һδƷѣ
ô֪
϶ʱЩ𾪣ɵЩʧ̬
ΪûóùȻҲû˷ʲô⣬ȻԼȴģõͼʱʵϾһδƷǱͼǺΪʲôԭ򣬴ҴҾͷˡ
Թȥ˺ܾãȻֻһδɵĶ
ˣʲô취Ҳܾ֮ǼΪķãεܹöġ
ǵʱԱ߻һЩͼļأ֪ô
Ŵڣ˶ϲ㣬Ҳͬжϲ㣬ֻ̤ʱԶԶҪҪĶˡ
ˣͼֻΣû񣡡Ʒ˵ҪͼҪѪľѪģⲻǸոͼļѣһ룬ؼһ룬ҲѪûбѼҼУֻһƷѣ
ԭˣԭˣ
϶ʱһéٿĸоϲɵ¶˼Цݣ˵ԭӣ˵һ֪ԭлŵͺѧӦò֪ŶԣĴмΪ˵ðҵķϣһɱʱ򣬾һȫʬˣ
ƾһƷҲɱңƷЦһ֮ΪֲܹˣĸݺһĻߣЩȣϲֻһѡ
ƷΪʲôɱˣϹЦǣ˿ڣ˼Ҽô꣬ǵУ
ϲϵӡϵıӿ
ƷܹоһɽƵԽԽǿͺһһֻֽĸץһ
ȷʵͬ˵ֻǰƷǶһİ벽˵һΪֲ
ûзر顣

ϵ¶˼Ϊ顣
ЩĸҲˣ¶ϣ飬ܹɱƷôǾȻˡ
˵֮ɵȻǳƷƷͷһˡ
Ҳܹо֮ΪܹһЩ֮֮һ䵽˳Ʒϵʱ򣬷һĽ
ǶϣƷܹһץ
ôأƷͻȻˣֱһȭֱӺѾԻͼ֮ϡ
Ȼ˾һĻˣոջԵüΪֲܹסһе˵ǰһһı˿
֮ǰޱǿ󷨶̶ʱȫ˿
ܣ
ˣţƷһȭ㲻ó˶ǾǴһڵ֮ϣʹһӾͽ˿
Ϊֲģ
ʱͻȻ뵽ãҪˣǴʱüƷһֱӾ͵ĸǰΪ˽ƷƭҲ̫ˡ
ʱ򣬳Ʒֱһֵһâ貣ֱ˺ѿ˲񷣬˲䵽˺ϵϡ
һҽУԴͱ˳ȥһΪδӳ˳ƷС


1137 ɱ
һһͼҪѳȥȴƷۼֿ죬ֱһѽͼץС
ܹϱɳȥԴϻǵɴ۾޷š
ΨгƷԼͼ˵ʲôܣ˵ڻ˵ٶЩ漰ֻ֮;ͬеأе֮ɱǿУҶ̶֮Ҳв
ڻʼս֮Уͼְ֮κ󷨶ȱԼڣ۱ƣֱӻصƷͼ֮ϵתںΪһ壬Ȼۣڲϵı仯֮УҲױץ
δƷ̸ϻֻǿʼܹһЩ֮۾ǰԳƷ֮˽⣬׾ٵľҵۣɾͿƿ
Ը󷨣ҲֻǴһ֮ˡ
󣬻󣬳Ʒ߱ʵΪʤȯգȻʵһжڳƷƿ֮С
ʲôʱЩĸֲŷ׷׷ӳ˹أԻмţǳ׿ɵˡ
Ʒնɱϵٶ̫ˣԺϵΪƷҪҲûôףΪ̫ͼһûУͱƷնɱ
ǶûüӦϾѾˡ
ôܱɱ
ܣԺϵʵôܻ򲻹Ʒ
˶ǵɴ۾ڲ˼֮УȻŶȻʶ˺ϱնɱ˵жôΣա
һնɱ˺֮󣬳ƷЩ˵С
Щ˵Ϊÿһǿձ鶼ͨϣܹټĺ˵ȻʱڳƷУȴ׸
໥һۣ̾˱˴֮е˼ƷƵزΨƴһ
ЩָҪ໥ͨ̾ͬľֲָĹں޹˼ɵĳˡ
ʵϣʱҲû˹˼ɵĿԣƷ˵ʵ̫ˣȫ֣Ϳ
ƷֻƲһǣȻеͼһӷʱЩȫֺĺֶȻֻÿ·һˣⲻǸоˡ
ͼ
ǵԺ֮жʱ⼸֣֮ǰϾһԸƷڣǾȻƷһзסˡ
ǵܣ׻ȸ䣬Ȼֳ̬ȻֻӰȴ֮ǰںϵʱ֪Ķȥˡ
ôܣŶʱ䣬ôܼǸز
֮жǲ˼飬ӳƷͼŶʱ䣬ƷѾͼ˳Խϼʮĵز
ƷЦһȻ˼ʮ꣬Ƿõ϶ڿĿûм٣׾ٵľͱƷĨԪ񣬽ԼԪӡȥ
ԳƷ˽⣬ȻɵľͿԽΪĵز
ʹóͼȻԶԶ˺ϣ֮ҲԻ˳סķ
Щĸֱּ·һ̯֮һжѣ˲á
ͺһɿֲĽǸסˣǶָоʵ̫ѹˣǻоһѹһֻ޴Ĵ֣һһҪˡ
䣡
䣡
䣡
о˽ҪĿֲ飬Щַ׷ױΪֲϧ˺ԴԼķͼķ
ֻϧô׾ͿԶԸĻôҲͲΪϵռˣǺǳƷκһ벽˵Ȳʤȯ
Ȼô˵ļ巴ɣͼ˵Ҳһ޴ѹȻƷķԶԶ˺ϣͬһ㣬ףֲķϵɢ
һһСԼķΧЩָоԽԽܣƷһУһ߲ϵѹ֮еĸ֣һ߻йڲϵļ
ͼ֮ؼһּΪߵȼĹãȻƷҪ˵͸ǸܵģȻ½ֻǿԽһҲͬ
أ
أ
أ
Ƭ̼ĹЩڷһĲҽ֮ը˿ͼֱɱ


1138 Ժ˸Ͼɱ
ִͼ֮ĳƷЩ˸޻֮󷨵ʽһͼ֮У֮Ҳġ
ƷֻķһǧãֻúٵķͽЩǿɱ
ƷͼֽЩǿߵʬȫʬȫ֮£ǵڵȻ˳ƷУܹƳɲٵͨԪˡ
ȻڵĳƷ˵ҲҪͨԪȡ㹻ʯ
ҪɳȻҲ벻㹻ȵģǳƷķʽ͸ˡ
Ʒħ˼ͼ֮󣬾ͷɳ˹ܿһƬһ˳Ʒ֮󣬺ȻһЩͨĸ֣ǶѾˡ
֮ǰڣԺյĺˣʱѾʵˡ
ڳƷ뿪֮󲻾ã˸߲㱻Ʒһ˵ϢҲܿɢ˳ȥϣƷҲû˿ڵ˵ҲҪĺϢ
֮У˾޴ĺ䶯ɽ֮ҲƷһˣƷʵ֮ǿҲ˲ɵùĿ࿴
֮УƷһ·ǣ֮ǰڽЩĸ֣ʱѻȸٶ˵ʲôˣ֮ǰǻ˵ƷⲻǲУȻƷܿʵжݺݴǵ
ڵأ
ЩϽģԾĺ֣˫Ǻ˵ĳԱںЩĸִбƷһ򾡣һˡ
ʱǶһĿ־嵱УֻóƷǿһ㣬޷Կ
³Ʒʲôʱ򣬾ͽǳ׵׵ĸϾɱ
ʵϣҲҪƷ֣ڴӳƷõȷеϢͬǸ벽ĸֺڵĺ˵ĸ߲ȷʵƷһ֮̾չ˶ں˵Ĵģ
˵֮ǰĺ˻дĸͶĻôڣЩֱƷһˣҲʧȥΨһܹĴڡ
ǰ벽ĺҲƷնɱԴˣ˼ֱǸεѣӵĴ֮£Ƕ̶ʱ䣬ѾǷֱˣ˵ɢ
ڳ˵Ĺ̵УҲľβ׷ɱ˲ء
ŵ޾֮жЩ˵Ĳչ׷ɱЩûвԼȥĺ岿Ҷ˵һ仰ĴѹͶԶԶģ±ˣеԳ֣Щĺ˵Ⱥɱطġ
һʱ䣬޾ȫһҰģתٶ֮죬ԶԶ˵
޾֮ЩԭڹжǲҪ뺣˵ĺѾ׿ɵˡ
Ǹģ޴ں֮Ҳѵһľ޴ˣһҹ֮䣬ͱƷıˣ׵׵군ˡ
ԼҲţȻܹǿز
˶֪޾Ӵ˱ˣ޾֮УǸԵսӽ޾֮УҪһǿľ֡
ֲǱˣǳƷ
ʱѾˣû뵽֮оȻܹֱبź
һô꣬ûмôµڲǶʮ꣬˵Ҳһϵδܹﵽʲôزֱ󣡡
ӽһƬ޾֮ϣҪһˣ
ຣĸ˽½׷׸п֮ǰǺҪ½أҪΪµأȻ˭֪Ŷ̶̵ʱ䣬ͱ׷ɱ޾֮ϡ
֮ǰеıͳͳ֮½صҲݺݶ㺣ƽҲ໥ɱĹϵǿһĻ˻Ǹоһĸо
û˺Ȼﵲǰ֮ຣ岿һӾ͸оѹ֮κһȺȻʲô˵ϲ죬ֻǾ֮Ͷѡ
ǾۼˣֻҲδػĶֻ֣ҪǸħһĴڣƷһ죬Ǿһûгͷ֮ա
ǣһλɽ
˵֮£ܶ˶ˣ廹޻֮ʵϣǻһĵƻûóء
Ǹ񣬾ǺĵƣһȬأٴһҲֻǵС
ǾǺĻᣡ


1139 ͼճ
˻븴𣿼ֱ룡
׶УͳУͳ鱨ϣں֮УһԣֻҪǸƣһٶȳܵǸʱ򣬾Ǻչʱ
Щֶݷ㿴Ӷȫ׷ɱ˵ĸ֣Ҳ͵ûп
޾֮Ⱥ࣬ǺҲֻռеһСֶѣӴĺݷžƵı仯
ЩΪֲټ½ϵ֮½½Ǳصĸ֣볬ǧͨĸ֡
Դͳ۹⣬ȻὫЩ˷ϣ˵ֻҪûɽĺģЩ˲һɢɳں֮ڡ
ҲҪͳͳֻҪ˭ðͷƣͽ˭Ϳˡ
ǿƣȷʵ
ֻͬҪϲͶں֮ڡ
ȻЩ˶ں֮ڣ潻սĶ֣¾Ǹ³ǲµģ
ԱߣԴĵ˵ڽԴ»ָ˾еľְΪеĲıΪͳĸ֡
ڰѸȫ̽ؽ֮еĿɵĵطǱҲҪͳͳͳæ˵ΪҲ֪ǲǶ㵽ȥˡ
ָ֮ǰҳĻʤ㻹һЩ
˵Ǹ񣬴ͳֻоޱȵͷۣ־ѾΪˣοڻȫʧһˣȻԶԶһͨ£Ե֣һ
ǸֻһжŲסͻᱻɱ
ϣڳƷϣֻҪƷͻƣкһս֮ƷûͻƣôͺܼˣԵ˿˵֮⣬Ҳûʲô̫õİ취
ҪܾҲ̫ףɽǴû˵Ż᲻С˵ǸȻᲽĺ󳾡
뵽ͳǿϧлὫǸնɱģֻһ㣬һΣѾԼҲҪͬھĴˣ˭֪󹦿һ񣬲ڵ鷳
ڳƷǱ׼ˣͳʵ
Դ뵽˳Ʒɵ¶˼ֿЦ˵ǲڻڸͨԪأ
ʱ䣬ƷæͨԪȻÿһöļ۸񶼿ۣǻϻˣ۷ɢ޶۾ҪֻҪһׯԼǰ
ھծ٣ȵͻ֮ҪծҲܼ򵥡
Ʒɴֱеķãһֽһʯʱ֮ڣƷ˶ʯҲֻгƷԼ֪ˡ
ͳĬһ£Ȼ֪Ʒ˼֮ǰҲʹƷƷ˵ڵȴһżҲûá
ֻѾȥһˣ㵱УĻָʱ䣬Ҳٹһ¶ѡ
Ʒʱ䲻ˣҲΪˣŻ˽ţ
ˣҴȥһҪ棬취ҵǸ䣬һҵ֪ͨңͳ룬Ȼ˵гƷǱߵϢһϢ֪ͨң
ǣ
Դȥöˡ
֮սϾҪˣϼһһսһҪ֮أͳԽ˵֮ļ㡣
ĵڶң˵Ҳ·ˣΨһս
ͬʱ֮УƷոʮöͨԪɣһȴߡ
ԼɽͼĿռ֮УϵļͼһñֻǺûܹӳˡ
ǰͼϵ֮ʼ֣׻ȸķУӰʵӰϷһžѪһһӰ֮С
һžѪĲ룬Ӱɢҫ۵ĹâһһһžѪһžѪ֮УȻһ
ʵϣɽʥԹƷȺɱЩֵ֮бƳľѪġ
ϰ֮˶ͷѪԽǿĸ֣ѪҲԽͻ
ȻֻȴҲһЩѪڳƷԻʼս֮мصַȥߴݼôҲֻôһѪѡ
ЩѪӰȫںϣΪͼϵһλ֮
Ʒͨͼϵ֮оֻǶ̶̵ʱ䣬Լش˾޴
أԶıҩɽϣһĹâһɽͼĿռ֮С
Ʒһڳˡ


1140 ±չأˣ
ٶȿһöԼĪȭͷСĹʵ֮ϡ
Ʒôʱ䣬Ҳ֪˶ǿߵѪǲ֪˶
ǰȣĴСһɼʱ׳ɳ˶١
ӳ죬ĹʵҲȵ˼̷һöЧӾˡ
Ʒһץʱһöͻһ⣬ɵ˳ƷС
ֻһ£Ʒ͸оȫëſ·һǿҪ֮һ
ڳˣƷϲ֣һͻƵͨأҲָտɴˣһͻƵͨ۷ҲһǸʱ򣬼ҲĶ֡
ȴôãڵһˡ
ڳ֮󣬳ƷҲϾͷŻȥһʱ䣬Ҫȫչأ˭Ҳ
ͳ֪ϢνǴϲ֮ǰ֪ƷڵȴνںȻǸҪˣҲζţܹǸռֶˡ
ͳһ䱸ľֱǲǰУָҲǲ֮С
зĸָ߾Ҳʼ֮С
и·ĸֺãͨĸ֣Ҳۼ֮Уǲ֪ΪʲôȻȻΥ
Ͼ˵ǷͷʢûԸϣϾǿͬɽҲһҹ֮䱻
ܿ죬ͳǰУرִ֮У֪ڳƷϣûгƷĻδܹǸа취
ȥڼ䣬κ˿˿ԵĴڣԲֱӻ䣡ͳرִĹ֮ۡУһ߶ߵ˵
ȥһ̧ͷȴһӰ˽һֻʮ߰ŮģŮӣһϮ£ĸһм᷸ϣһֳϢŨ
ƼôҲˣ˵ѾչôͳЩĿ˵
ȻϵóǰŮ˭պƼҼ֮УǽڳƷڶ֡
յϢ˼ڱչͻƣԲЩȻ
ͳ˼깰ּҲǸոճأ
ոճأͳʱɨ˼һֺۣ֮Ȼ飬Ѿ˰벽ľ磿
֪˼֮ǰѾͨ۷壬չرΪͻƵ벽ȻѾأôѾˡ
ͳͬȻó˼ڵľ磬иˣ˼ͻˣ˵ֶһ߶ս
ͳ˼꺬Ц˵ͷʱ伴Χ˺ûвȥȫͻư벽
˳ƷܽĹͻư벽ͻƵҪͰأʣиʲôƿֻҪ򣬼ͻƣнȸѰܹõġ
ãããͳɵøпƷ˼ʱһֳǰ˵ĸоʱҲ緢ഺ١
һգۣƷȺҲɳˣ֮УͨͲֹƷ˼ͳˣ۷֣һͨԪĶ磬׷׿ͨò˶þͻΪ
δǰ;ͬǲ
ȻţҲͷˣȥصķ״һΣϵãͳ
ͳģʧֵģ˼꺬ЦЦ绨֮Ǽ㣬ڳƷʮġ
Ҳ¾ʱ䲻˰ͳ̾һֱ뿪ȥصķˣ˼ôһ벽ĸȻûʲôõĵġ
н˽ϵ״̬ȴڽͨ˵ȴûвʲô仯ЩͲ״̬½еġ
߲֪ΪʲôҪнϵĶûмֻкһܹͻĲв²⵽ʲô
ʱͬ׾Թ϶䣬µʱգۼš
ͨ˵һͨһ죬أһɿֲϢסС
еĸֶһʱ侪ѣֲֿϢǲǡ
ˣ


1141 죬ȥ͵ôҵʬ̤ȥ
ܿ죬е˶˷Ӧʱʱ˶Ĵʱÿ˵϶ΪֻΪĸѡ
˶·оͷһ󴸺ݺݵǵͷ͵һʶⲻá
һǿĴڳˣ
ָоǸоȵѹ֣εĲͬ
ߵȼڵ͵ȼԴѹƣ
Ǽһ֮ʹݻеķϵĿֲڣʱ»ˡ
ַʽ»ع飡
һֲѹֵͬʱеľ쳹еÿһ䡣
ԭеܣ֪ʲôʱ򣬳ޣֱôԴԴϵĳеܣһͷͷֲޣ֮и޾ռ죬֮дڵĿֲоޱ½֮ϣͬ¼ˡ
Щɽ纣û֪ж٣ִֹһ£ѾгڵĿֲǵض
о˶ӽ˳ͨھ侯İ֮£鲼еĵ±бѡ
ʱرִܲڣͳڡһվܱߣЩٺͻҲ׷׽
ͳǸϽɣʱԴæȰ˵
Ҳȥﶼȫˣ֮лаȫĵطôͳȻܾ˵Ȼȫϣȴһˣ
ͳȻܾ˽ԴˣĿǰΪ˵ȻѾȫϣȴսȫϣѰͨĶ֡
˵ôڲų֣ԭȥЩͺ岿ˣ
ͳܿͽӵ˸ص鱨ǵһʱʹĻϿ㵽Ļ档
ʱףԭĹ㣬ǰӦѾָˣһֱ˰£ڳ֣ԭȥЩĲĲ䡣
Ȼɽͺ˱Χˣǲͺ֮оûеĴˡ
ʵϣ֮лŴжĴڡ
ֻȱһͳϵ˰ˣƻգȻеǰ취
Ǻֶΰ
ͳ뷨Ȼκε񣬵ǹƥĻеķ̶ȣҲֲ˺á
ָ߾뷢ҲǴ粽Уһ˵ĵҩ̶ȡ
ڣ˷޺ͺޣܹǣסеķϵ
Ŀ⿴ȥеϷһӰƯڰ֮УеķӦҲܿ죬һųβ棬ֱӷ˹ȥ
˵ӰԵüΪƮЩվͱ򱬣޷ӽ
һöһöС͵ս˵Ҳ˳ȥΨк˵𣬲ܹشּĸ֡
˵ٶȻܿ죬Ƕ˵ʲô
䣡
䣡
䣡
пµĹÿһγ֣֮УһƬķ类ƣһڶСͺ˵Ĺʱһ߻пеķϵ
Ȼ˵ը󣬸ķ޻϶ȫûȻκβ
һſƼ߳ɾͣһǿڡ
رִڣ˵ɫԽԽѿΪǶһ߶ܹһ߲ϵĽӽرִȻ֪رִĴڡ
ڣرִ֮ҪһĴͳһǱΪδͳĳƷ
˶飬ھںδȫû
أʱһӰرִӳɲǼ䣬Ѿķȥ
ˢ
һĽâϯֱնķ
أ
һ¾ͽһâըѿ
ܹһɽͷնĽĹ֮£ȴ˵޷в
Ҳǰ赲סˣ޷ǰ
ʱ˲ſòһ׷ͯյߣһϯɫٳۣΪϣӵѰơ
ؼ䣬һֲøС
Ȼ㣿Ŀǰˣȴ˼˭ء
˼Ҳһ㶼˽⣬ֻû뵽˼ȻѾ˰벽ĵز
΢΢ȻҲֻȻѣǲ˼
֮УǸƷ֮⣬ȻǸʱ䣬Ҳδûл뵤ҲĻᣡ
񵭵˵
죬ȥ͵ôҵʬ̤ȥ˼ޱȼᶨ˵ǰǵĸ֡
Ȼ֪ѡ񣬴ͳȫȫϵʱؽ磬֮⣬ܹ赲ĽŲ
ƾ㣿Цһһϵϣ˲Ͷˡ


1142 ˼ˣƷ
ϴƣԶԶڵ֣ͬսиЩ֣Ŷоľֱ纣һɲ⡣
ƾŻķܹ׺ɱһͨ
ɣ˿µǿУαͳˣЩġ
Щ˵֪˫ս֮ǰƷǾһش֮󣬴ͳлЩնɱ
ǿǳǵ˼Ѿǿˣ֮ǰǸһʹҲ˿ǿһʹͨʣ޷;߱˼Ტۡ
ǰǲ
˼꽿һеı˲ϣâֱ˺ѿ˳գֱӽƬջһƬѩսһʹʱ˼ʵǿͬһϵĴڡ
η壬ƾâ䵽ϣ˵ֺȻֻ˫͵һ˺ѩͱ˺ѳ룬ѩɢ
˼ˣ΢죬ܵһķɡ
Цһ̶ֳֻȵĻǲģһ벽ѣҵҵ·
漴һγˣҲʲôֶΣֻһֲķһɽֱӳ˼ȥ
˼һ˲նǧٵĽâɽ֮ϣâɽ˲ը˿ǱƷɨУ˲ɵˣһѪ˳
벽ֻĳЩֶΣϻֻͨѣ˼ǿԶԶѰİ벽Ϊǿгһտ뵤ʵԶڵҪǿ
Ȼڻֻǰ벽ѣ̾͸ܵǿ
˿һĻ˳ȻѾ뵽ˣȻ˼걻Ѫ˻ǲɵþ
Ļ䣡
ʱͳæһȣиĵ֮Уɫ׷ױ˳һҪԸ˼Ĺ
Ϊ˼ȡʱ䣡
˼æת̶̼֮䣬ƾѾȫָȻܺͻʼսȣҲǵеǿʡ
ȵЩĽ˼ѾָĲˣ֮˼ɱ⣬ʱѾȷˣ˼϶ʣǼΪʣܹ㾪ˡ
˼һ˫Ư˫Ķס񣬺ȵ

񱩺һ˲ʧ˿֮УٶȳֵʱѾ˼ǰһȭ˼˹ȥ
һεĹٶ̫ˣֻǰһѾ˼ǰ
˼ȫȻһӱһѩͷ·Ǳѩ֮еŮѩ֮˳һӸȭͷ
Ȼֻһ˲䣬ͱĻ𿪣Ҳô̶̵ʱ䣬ȴ˼ץ˻ᣬף㿪µһ
еֶΣǲ㻹δ뵤ע㲻Ϯ
Цһ׷ͯյ¶˼ּΪϵ顣
ֱһȣһȥ˼Ҫˣֻһ˲䣬͸оԼΧĿˣסˣҪѣҲܡ
ֹ֮УһԷǾͺӵֻӲӲĴս
˼겻Ųæһ¶˾飬ꡱһâϣâ˺ѳǧ׵ıѩشȻ޿ɱܣǾΨһս
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ֺͽâײһĽâһӱɢ˳ѩ衣
ֻоǰһһоͶˣ˼ˣѪڸղŵײ֮г˴
ͳ䣬Ϊ˼ȡʱ䣬أȴȻӰΣȫ˼˳˫뻹ף䵼Ļֻδ˵ֻ˵˼ꡣ
˾ֻЦţһȭ˳ڸղŵײ֮г˴˼һȭ޻ֱ֮Ӿͱˡ
䣡
ɲǼ䣬ͷ·𱻵һһССĢ˼˲䵹˳ȥһ˲˿ֱһѪ˳

ҲֱһƳŷɳȥ˼˹ȥٶ̫죬ɲǼ䣬͸˼꣬ôͳ˼ҪԮҲٶȡ
ã
ͳвãһ㲻˼ͻᱻش
ؾǧһ֮ʣһâֱӶ˳գֱӾͺ䵽һֻ֮ϣվͽһֺֻһˡ
һֻƾղɳȥ˼֮ϡ


1143 񣿲ˣ
˷ɳ˼꣬Ҳһָֻ
ţһӰرִ̤֮߳УÿһȻܹ̤֮һĽӡΪ죬ֻпѣһӰȻܲȳͬ·һĸо
ǳ񰡣˶ʱڴͳ书ȫ֮󣬳ƷΨһͶˡ
ؼʱǿ˼Ҳսܵʱ򣬳Ʒˡ
˶оʿһ
Ǵͳȴڲϵüԣûȫͻƣ
УƷһɷڲϵķӿԶԶͨ۷壬˰벽Ѱ˿ǳƷǿ
ȴ˲һĶƷδȫͻƵµľ磬Ż˿Ʋסڷڵķ
һΣյźţѾȵĵˣƷȴδͻƣľ˵һΪϢ
ڿˣʱӦǳƷͻƵĹؼʱ̣ٸʱ䣬һʱ䣬Ʒ㹻ͻƵȫµľ硣
ǺȻûиʱ䣬ܾܿǾʤĹؼ
񿴵˳ƷͷһҲܿͷ֣Ʒʱϵ״̬ԣһľϢ
ϢЩ£ĸоĸ˵ֱǲ˼ģǵ֣ڷƿأ˵Ѿ˳뻯ĵز˵ֻһ˿һķֻҪԼԸ⣬ɢ
ôҲ˵ƷӦڴڸոͻƵĹؿڣȻͱԼˣŻӹ
Щ¶˼飬״̬Ҳòʱã
ƷĿҲ˵ȫ֮ɢķ·ȴǰ㣬ȷʵڹؼʱ̱ˡ
˵ʱĴѰҵ䣬ҾǰΣ¶̵ֲЦݡ
ħ·һɫٳۣضѹȸС
˿ģܹܵǿ뺮⣬Ϊһֶо䣬Ҫһѹ֮²
ն㣬ˣƷмɳơ
ƾڵ״̬¶˼ֲЦݣ֮лǲ˼ּɵ飬ƷôͷȻزǼɳȥֻм죬ֻ¾ܹƽƽˡ
ԳΪ˵Ǻεȷ̡
һվжˣ֮еĸַ磬Ȼ赲סΡ
ɱڷڣ̹ǣ
֮УŽ綼ܹоһɱɱ⣬ߣֱţôԶȻ޷ֵסɱ⡣
Ʒͳ˵
ΪʲôһͨȻҺô˵
ΡȻֻĮ
˴ʱ֪ԭȥΪֲĳƷȻδ뵤ֻһͨѡ
ҲΪİ𾪣Ʒ֮ԺգȴƷ
ţȷʵ޵С
ͨ𾪵ͬʱҲףͨĳƷܹսǽĻʵεȵزֱš
δԽǱԽǲŹԷ
ǵͻˣһսڵʲôһֻ־ѹ㣡
ĵ˵Ŀ˵Ĺâѹ˵ꡣ
䣬ѾˣԳƷû֣һǿϢͬһк˹Ժըһ㣬˲Ѿ˳Ʒ
ֲֿϢÿһע⵽˶оںë
һֲĹƬգҪƷմ򱬡
䣡
һֲĹâֱӺ嵽˳Ʒϣһοµıը
񱩵ķ籩ɢȥ˲ڿˣԭɲǼ䣬һȭֱӺȴгƷʱ򣬱̧һƵ
ֻȫɢһֹâƷȫɢȫһ¯ʱһıԵ
ˣ
ƷɳƵ˵֮ȴޱȵļᶨ
ֲ֮죬漴˵ˣ
ЦЦţһ¼˭ţƷ
סˣ̫ˣرִԴƷĹɵϲ˵
ͳüͷ˵ڸ˻̫磬˵ⲻѰƷѾþȫأĴսŸոտʼ
ղŲֻѣܹסҼаɣ


1144 ܾˣǿ֮ĩ
Ĺ˵ֻô
ӵҪλܣ
ҪζԸ
ַ׷ɫ䣬ղһǿֱӻر򱬣Ȼ˵Ȼֻѡ
ɱ
һȣɽӣʱʵ˳֮ǰȫˣҲΨдͳѣǺ֮ǰȣشһεԱһεʱǿˣڵҲӾˡ
˿ȥͷ·һҪײһն֮𶯡
һΣƷҲˣһȣǼѵ˻ӦȫɢŽɫϼ⣬ָȭȭֱӺ˳ȥ
䣡
˫ȭͷײһ˿ֱһǵײһɫϣ˿µıը
ۼŴĿ̮ˣϿյĽ׷׸գֵһɿֲıըನ
Ƿ׷𾪣ȻڳƷǿԶѰͨ۷壬ȻˣȻ޷Ӱ񾿾ǿ˺εȵزֱ
ƷȫѪʳһ˲䣬һѪڸղŵײ֮УƷ¶ײĳѪˡ
Ʒս֮·磬ĺڷ֮еɱȴ£෴ģս⻹ĸ߰
ֻӵĳ̶ô̫ʧˣͬɱɱһֻѲ˶٣ƷٶȿڣҲѪ
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ȷʵɵˣƷǵȻܹսһˣôֱ롣
ҿ㻹ֵܼʲôʱ򣡡
һٶȱ˿µĹһȭѰ˿ֻǳһȭڳƷУȻһӳǧȭֻҪһȭӲסƷͻᱻɱ
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սԲô෴ģȵռϷ硣
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Ʒһȭȭ¥ȭΪһ壬ɲǼ䣬ٶ汸ǧȭԺ䡣
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ЩͨĸȫѾɵˣǴδƾܹʵΪĽӣҲʱػᱻɻ
ǳԽ޵ǿߡ
Ҳܹﵽľ磬룡
˫һɲǼ䣬ѾԺǧٴΣ쵽˶ĵز˶ֻܿ˫ֻԺһζѣƬĻҪ̮ˡ
Ǿ۵һս
䣡
˽˿ӰԳһߣ֮ϣһѪ˳Ѫɢ˿
˶ɴ۾˭Ѫ
ܿ죬˾ͷˣǳƷѪؿһȭӡȻУѪ罦˳
Ҫˣ˽۵˫Ŀ֮ϣۣĽһĻУʱֻоޱȿֲս֮УƷ˴
ƷתһԲʼ
˿ڴһɫĹâҫҫ۵Ĺâϵơ
ֵǣôûгʤ׷Ȼǲŷ֣֪ʲôʱ֮Ǳ˺ѿһ޴˿ڣҲΪˡ
ʲôҲˣ˴ʱŷ֣ҲˣȳƷҪöˣϾܱ֮ȳƷؿڵƿҪöˡ
ҲΪˣûѡʤ׷ΪҲ̸ʤ
˶ʱһϲĸоƷܹʤ֮ǰ˼꼸Ǳһ浹ѹƣ˵ǻʤ㡣
Ǻ޻ֵ
ܹ˵ңǲҲѾǿ֮ĩˣ
䵭˵֮еɱŨңóƷҪƲסڼĿֲˡ
Ʒķǿ󣬵ûпǸ磬ûпǸ磬ƷѾһٽˣڳƷ΢һ¶ˡ
ȻƷȴֻһЦԿն㣬ˣ

һȣٶȳųƷ˹ȥ


1145 սͻƣͨأ
һŭٶȳųƷ˹ֲĹɽ纣һ㣬ųƷ㸲˹
Ʒ͵һӱˣͨɢŽ⣬ʼսҲ˼£һӿףеķ·սһ
䣡
˫ٶײһȻĲһƷȻѾǿ֮ĩȴûбһƷǿпס˷Щķȫ䵽ϡ
Ȼܹ֣¶˼ֲ˼顣
˵ˣնˣ
Ʒ˵ҧ˵䶼³һѪ
˫ٶսһӦ˵ڽƷȻԵĳ֣ʵǱѹ·ġ
˫սѣݱȻ˶óƷǿбһǿĽǳƷ
Ͼ״̬ܳá
˶ܵĵĿųƷֻǴʱﲻæ˵Ľٶ̫ˣǸֵضûС
˳ʱƷ֪ʲôʱѾһ֮˷ܹٶȡ
ĴڣȷʵԶԶԽͨͬͨ쾳ѹһ㡣
أ
һοֲĶԹ˫϶ѪƷѷԽԽ࣬ϾȻҲ˼ƣڼ޵е˵ֱǲŵ顣
ѾˣƷֲסըҲڣȻѾЩͷˡ
ĿųƷ˵û뵽ֵܹʱ򣬵ûõģʵǲҵĶֵģԸһŹģǿڶûóֻһŹӦѾ˰ɣ
񲻹ȼ仰֮ѾˣƷչѾϴһνش֮ѾˣȻĻչƷûɲá
ʵϣڳƷϳôһδ֮һֱСķţȻƷٶóչҪ⧲ˣڶչ֮£Ǿ̫ˡ
ϵϢ𽥵ԽԽֲԽ֮ǰȫʢ״̬
Ȼʵ
˿һĻֱҪˣҲˣԭڷųƷһʩչչһֵʵΪľ׼ڳƷʩչչʱͻȻ֡
ȻսڣλƷչһ֮ӦþѾˣּķƷܲá
һ֮û˿Ĺ˼ˣ˵˵³Ʒеչ
˵ѽֻҪ˵ͺκεչͬϹŵķܹԶˣһˣ㶼ûа취
һǱչһˡ
ڣȻû˹˼ɣͿȫˡ
ƷҲ㻹ʲôֶΣһΣɣժͷһȣȫɢһѪʣ˼ħһ㣬ޱȵĿ¡
䣡
ɲǼ䣬Ͷˣȫͷ˳ȥһµıը
ʱתָ֮пֲѪڷڣһӳųƷһȭȥ
һȭһž޴ޱȵǳ·ײһĿ³ˡ
µĸֶ״סˣоԼжˡ
͸оһ˫ֽǹ̶סǶ
Ƕףѹֻû뵽ѹܹزһȭǵĻһ¶ܣͻᱻ
̫ǿˣ޷
ڲ޷
˵˼Ҫȥֱһնһѩ糯ķն
ǿҲֱһƽѩķ飬âڰ֮һһıѿ޷һ˿һ˺
һȭ˲ȭͽƷûˡ
䣡
񷶼ڲ񶼱Ʒ˹һĿ񳱣Ҫеķ綼ûˡ
Ǻܿ죬˷֣һȭȭûһӰ˵ǰᶨĽһȭ
ȴƷȻһƽסԽкһ󶴵һ
ôܣ
ʱҲ۾һȭ˵ǳȫûһ˿һ֣ȻƷ
Ҷ˵ˣҲ˶ѣͬɱɱһֻѲ˶٣ƷĿ˵ȫɢŵѪ֮ǰֺ˵ķɢһһļ٣𲽵ʧ
ͫ΢΢˵ƷȻսͻˡ
ͨأ


1146 
ǼҪжĿֲһƷԤ֮еĵΪ֮ѣΪ֮Ŀֲδ
رִ֮е˸һĸоղһǺɣرִ᳹׻һеҲᱻֱӺɱ
ֲһȴƷ
ʱǲڴһ˴ʱĳƷ֮ǰĳƷʱ޿̶żΪӴµķ
ܹӺԶĵط͸ܵǿ󣬵ڣЩɢڳƷΧķһһıɽڡ
ĳƷδǸоˣ෴ģǶ֮ˣȻף޷ƵܹȫƣʲôĽ
ζţƷΪ;Ըһͻơ
ͻˣ
Ҫȥ˼꿴һĻһϲɵһеĵҲڷ
̫ˣ
رִԴҲɵΪԼĵһͻ֮ĳƷ˵ʤҲˡ
ϼһĺӵͷˣ
ͳ˵
죬֮ĶԹͿĻˡ
£Ȼܹͻƣ
ƺȫţƷȻܹͻƵһȫµľ磬ȻͨƷ纣һ׵ķƺҲ˺ܶࡣ
ɲΪƷöԸˣ෴ģֻóƷӿˡ
ƷЦЦ˵㣬Ҳûпôͻư
ͫ΢΢˳Ʒҵѹͻƣ
ʱȫˣΪʲôƷҪֲסˣҪԹȻǲѣȴҲԼĴС
Ʒ˳Ŀͨأ
ʱĳƷѾһֻſͨأֻǻδȫȶˣһͨǧΪ˸һͳ䵱ӵĹܡ
ѹ֮£ƷԳԽ޵ٶȣͨأΪƷѾǿ֮ĩԿҪֲסˡ
˭뵽ԼȻƷˣ
㾹Ȼң
ҧ˵
أʱ򣬵ƷϵϢ˼֮ͻȻһӱը˿һɿ񱩵Ϣڡ
һΣȴû˾óƷղסˣ෴ģƷһΣͻơ
ڳƷ޵Ӱ޴ħ񸴻һ㣬˱˫
ڣڱһ󲿷֣һٿͨء
˵Ϊô̵ʱͻƵز
ղ㲻Ǻôɣ
Ʒ¶˼ζЦݣϷŲոտʼѣ
ʱ֮Уѻȸ˶սϼסķΧ㣬ǵ϶׷¶˼顣
ʲôоشתǾشת
˶ΪƷѾ䶨ˣ϶Ҳһʱ򣬳Ʒһת˶ΪƷѾʱȴʧ˼Ϊյսͻơ
ڶݵ֮˶ʼˡ
Ǹ϶ըˣȻԼ
ɲǣʵ̫ˬˣش󷴻
񻹸Ҳôţ
˳Ʒ侲֮ȴΪ䣬һ㣬˿ž;üΪļ¡
ΪռϷ磬ȴƷãֱǱƷݺݳһ⡣
ϣֲķͬͷ˳пֲǳƣγһϵһ㡣
ɲǼ䣬һ˳Ʒǰһȭǳ·ɲǼ䣬ը˿һ㡣
貵ȭâֱ˺ѿ˲񷡣
ƷɲǼ䣬ͬһȭҲһ˵ٶȳЩǳϡ
¡
ǳը飬һȭˣȫһƷ˿·硣
ôܣ
ţԼһ㶼κβóƷƷոͻƣԺԼƽƽ

һٶȳųƷ˹ȥ
Ը
Ʒһͬԣ粽á
˫ս֮϶ɨһƬ޴Ŀհ׵ش
Ļ״Ƿ޵޴ҿֻҪսನɨУǾǱɵ顣
˫սԽԽңڵ󷨽类һһεĴƣǱڵ󷨺ͽкֻܶ࣬ѾӰ쵽ˡ
Ǽˣ󷨽ҲѾҡҡ׹ˣ
ƷͻȻսֱ֮ӷ˸ߵ֮ϡ
ߣ
һֱ׷ȥ
أȴƷһֻ˦һͼɲǼ䣬Ǳȫסˡ


1147 һķ
׻ȸ䣡
˲両˿һ˲ͽ˽ȥ
ͼƷ׳ȥһ˲䣬͸˳ո׷һӾͱסˣ·˱̶֮һ
ã
ʱһӷӦ˹Լ˳ƷĶˣǳƷµһ塣
Ϊľǽ
䣡
еķһӱ˳ͼֱ֮дһ·ôףôױ⿪ĻҲͲᱻΪԼѹ׵ĵˡ
ͼڳƷӳҪԶԶںϵС
Ҫ֮УͻȻâһѹ˹ѹסˡ
ʱ򣬳Ʒ֪ʲôʱѾ˵ǰˡ
ȭ
ƷһȭֱֱӺ䵽ϡ
أ
һȭ񼸺һҽУס޷ʲôĶһӾͱ˳ȥ
䣡
һ·ɳȥֱһӷɳеķΧ֮Уһ·ֱײһɽ֮Уһ·Ҳ֪ײ˶ޣһͷͨײ
վͱײһѪ
˶ˣһзʵ̫ˣ֮ǰһ޵еӣû뵽ת֮ͱƷһȭ˳ȥ
֮еĸַ׷׵ȨޣͨǾͷݺݵĽһɽײˣȫһѵģ
㾹Ȼң
һ·˵Ұһȫķȼ˾һ޴̫һ㡣
ƷҲ֪ʲôʱѾ׷Ӹ£·ħһ
ΣΪ㻹ܵôƷޱȵᣬһϵе飬ЩҪˣĻĺ֣ҲǱˣ
ǲܽնɱôδ˵ɻһĸ󻼡
ɱңɱôϱһҵĹâһĹâƥշ衣
ʱıˣܣЩ޶㶼Ȼߣȴܹ֪ʲôΣա
ʱ񣬾˵ΣգЩͨ޶ܹоõƣְסеˡ
˶ʶˣˡ
Щ˳ƷϾղҲ˵ˣƷδ뵤ֻͨѣĲҲʵڵġ
Ʒɫ˵ڤ粻飬㻹ôսҿ¾翪ʼѾˣ
ǽɫޣұǽɫĽǹŴʥһݻ
ڹŴ࣬Щ񻰵伮֮صҲ˰ˡ
˼Ϊ˵ݻ
ɫҲˣûܹƵϣǴͳҲܣͳ˴Ҳ˵Ļϵģˣܾˡ
ƳƷǿƵģȴûй
ƷݻԽԽˣ󣬳һԻЩδȫȫԻ˳
ʱƣƷյԽ࣬ҲԽǿֲ
ܹоƷÿһκƺԭҪ೤ÿһεĺԭǿ
ɫˣͷ׷Ʈӵһ㳹ױ˿
䣡
һٶȳˣϵƣҲѾõĲˣƷҲûгʱ˼ΪʱվڳƷߣʱƣֻԽԽǿǺ㶨ġ
һȭֱӻһǺӣչᴩɲǼ䣬Ѿ˳Ʒķ
֮£Ʒڷɢһɫۣ˫䣬ħһ㣬һȭҲֱӷ־һƸȥ
ɲǼ䣬񷶼ڲһֱӽһȭȭĳ˷飬Ȼֱӳķ򣬺ݺȥ
أ
һƤһոմɽɳֱƷһƺݺݸȥ
ɲǼ䣬ɽ廯ΪУڵ쳾ˣɳʯһĩյľһ㡣
ڸЩòɪɪҶ·һһ
ۣ
һѪϣһȫȫ˿ԴʱĳƷ˴
ԭη֮¶˼ֺȻ顣


1148 ֮
񱻱Ƶϣ˵ǰδеʱ򣬼ǴͳҲʶôһһƽķɳȥ֮˼ֺȻͼɵ
֮УЩսǿǣҲһɵˣת̫ˡ
֮ǰôǿ󣬶ڣǹȥ˶̶ʱ䣬ƷѾȫתˣ֮ǰڳƷĵˣҲûͻƵһµľ磬һеĲȻܹز
Ʒܹȫĳ̶ȡ
̫ǿˣ޵У

ĸ˵ƷԽǿ󣬶˵ԽкôʥصЩ֣ͨ΢΢Щ鸴ӣܿҲͽˣϾǴʱҲһӣƷǿȻҲкô
԰Ǹʱܻʥ֮УǾõˡ
޵У
޵У
޵У
ܿ죬Ҳֻʣһ
Ʒ߸ڸ߿֮ϣֻһվȴһַ·ѹµơ
Ϊ㣬ԹԵĹԱߣɪɪҶ
һƾ㣬Ҳɱң޵У
Ļ䣬Ǻʲôһ㣬ȫķȼգȻˣԭˡ
ƷȴУʱһ̫ڼȼԼҲҪóսַڹؼʱôȻܴ󣬵ҪĴҲܴ
־ͽͼٶ˳ȥֱӳķ˹ȥ˲両˳Ϊףסķ
ɲǼ䣬Ʒͷ֣ȻʧˣڳƷͼסһ˲䣬ˡ
һ˲䣬ȻѾ˵˳ƷһȭǳһǺӳųƷ
һǺӻһΪҫ۵ƥظ˺ѿһ롣

һѾǹעһеһжѹסһεϡ
С
Ʒֻ䵭˵һƸȥһǺٶȱƷһĵķ飬޷ƷѾɢ
𶯣һһƬ죬ѹһٶĵϡ
һΣû֮ǰǰ㱻Ʒ˳ȥӲס˳Ʒһƣֻըѡ
ƷҪɱңܣ
һȫȼյĸӼˣʱһ޴ķ壬ƴ˼ޡ
Ҳ֪ʲôʱʼնɱƷͷѾԺ֮б޳˳ȥΪǸתԱ
ֻҪܹԱסͷǳˣ
ƷһûܹķҲ΢΢ЩȻ˿ûеģ񲻹ǿ֮ĩǸղŵĳƷһǿһѣͬǣƷȴʱ޿̵ıǿ
ʵδȫﵽһ壬δ컨壬ı̶ѡ
ʱҲôģڣһжѾˡ
ɱ㣿˵ˣͬɱɱһֻѲ˶٣Ʒ˵ֱָȭȭȻ͵غ
ȭؼֱӻȭӰͬΪֲļһ㣬ɱķ
ҲǱһʾƷ˶Թ
䣡
䣡
䣡
ÿһιƷԺ䣬ɲǼ䣬˫ѾǧٴΣͬһá
ۻңδεʱȴͻȻһƺߣͬߵķһ㣬ٶȱ˳ȥֱװһɽ֮С
ʱ˲ŷ֣ѾһѪһǿеͳƷƴǿ֮ĩʵѾܲסˣȫѪȸղųƷҡ
ؿڣһȭӡȻ֣һȭֱش
Ҳһȭ֮ˣطҲѾʧЧˡ
̫ˣشˣʤ׷
и˷ܵĴ
ʵϣҲѣƷѾ׷ɱ˳ȥ
ʱ󺧣ȵƷ㲻Ҫ̫
̫ҲʣɱңѵҪ־ܣɱôƷһձ̫Σ
ʱףƷɱκ˶ҪǿңæĳԶӴܶȥֱӴһѪɫĹӰ
أ񼴽ߵʱһֱΧ˳ԭǳƷͷܣһӽ̶ԭء
ƷӰֱӷ˽ȥ˲ͺǧٵȭӰЩȭӰȫ䵽ϡ
һ˲·ܵĵɲǼվը˿
Ҳİ
һҽУΪһѪ


1149 ֮սĻ
һҽУһսҲĻ
ΪĿֲڣһս֮УƷնɱ
һս֮Уȫȫһۣһ¶Ѿˡ
ʱʵ̫ˣƷڴɱĹؼʱԸûԿǿ
˶ΪƷҪͳĺ󳾡
˶û뵽ǣƷȻܹڼȲ£ת˾棬Լͻƣһͻƽȫµľ硣
֮󣬺ܿͻͼߵʱ򣬽նɱ
һսչٶ̫ˣûֵ̫ʱ䣬ƷͻƵȫµľ֮󣬳Ʒͳɹɱ
أ̨źֱֳƷ⾪˱֣Ҳֱֳ
һʼʱΪƷţģ˭Ҳû뵽˶õ£ת
䶯ˣ
ڴսڼ䣬ҲĴڣ֮ǰĴڣǷģΪֻţĸ֣̽˵ѹ
ԸֱʱҲȫɽͺϣ˫Ҳȷʵ˶ĽҲԩ
󲿷һֱڣ֪ˣԭɽ뺣鱳󣬾ȻվֲĴڡ
ͳܾˣȫϡ
Ĵڣ˵ͷǲܽնɱôӶĹʱضܲ
Ȼɽͺ˶ѾγȻͺ޾໹Ҫ࣬ڹģͻϮͿ֯
֮ǰ˵ҲûôĻܹʧ
ڣնɱͿһˣкܶ뵽նɱ֮ĳưؽΰҵҲ˿ԡ
ɽγ˱ɢ廹Ǻ壬ڶв
Ĵ˳ҲѾǿԤˡ
˵ʱ䣬ð֣ͨʵҲһ֮ơ
û˳Ʒĸ˵ȻǺֵܹסġ
۷׷ף֮ǰȣֽŵķΧѾûˣֻʣɵķΧδ
еս֮УսڼûΪ
Щ޴֮еͺֿͨ񱻳ƷһնɱֱӶҪűըˡ
ȻбƶҲȫƣиص棬ܹնɱĴͳ
ôıҲǰˣ֮󣬾ͺԳưؽ磬ϳ
ʵִ󷴹
˭֪Ȼôǵʱ򣬸߸ϣǿ֮ȻԳƷʱȴ˲һ
ڳƷնɱٶ̫죬ûизӦʱ䣬һоѾˣ
ʱͨҲʼֱɱսʼרֽͨɱ
֮ǰɽк˵ļȻܺȵģǻܹͨвġ
ɽеĿƼķչҲһѾȫµ˻ԭʼᡣ
ֿ֣ͨõġ
ƷͨԪĳŵڣЩͨڣЩֵУȻҲͳģһöһöܹ۷ĸͻƵͨԪ
ЩͨĸҪߣǺܿѾԼͨĸŰΧ
֮ǰǿ壬ǲ֣ڣǾûʲôù˼ɵˡ
ЩͨȻձ鶼ǿ󣬵ԼֵͨΧҲֻ֧Ŷѣܿ죬һͷһͷıնɱ
һЩˣɱһѪ·ȴǱƷˡ
λս룬Ʒȫͷ˳סս
һ͵״Ҫѵͨ޶Ѳƿأֳ֮ɵĳһһ鷢ֱӽЩͼѵ޺ɱ
սϣսݱĽУ
ͨޱһһΧɱɾ֮׼ĺڿʼʵʩֵĿըսսõĺ˵ҲʼֱӺըȥˣսҲһһҹһе޹ǴսĻ


1150 һ֮
֮սһһҹĻֻʣһЩɨβĹ
Ƕ˵һս𶯲Ÿոտʼ
޹ǵĴ¼ŵǰʮſܷһε飬㹻һˣȻȴʲôˡ
Ϊʱ䣬ּ޹ǽӶķɽͬ˲ء
е˾ѾڼƵ˵ˡ
ɽͺĴһЩɽͥһҹ֮䣬ȫ
ĺ˱Ʒһҹ֮ϲ㣬ֽͳͳɱ⡣
˵һʱ䷢飬ܱȹȥʱ䷢ĶҪ࣬սģ֮Ҳǿǰ
֮ս֮УڻյʤδĻԻ֮·Ҳɴ˿Ԥڡ
˵棬޷Ƕٵ⡣
˶Ҫӳʤ׷׵춨ؽĵλ¶ؽλ
һս֮󣬳ƷҲ׷ˣδһ˵гƷ֮ߡ
֮һݵʾƷʱƵۣǲǻ֧֣ѾȻиߴ˳ɵѡ֧֣ʣµɵҲһɰѡԵ˲ɡ
Ҫ֪һʵۣƵۣ⵽˵ķԣǰ̵ķ̳ڣƷҪƵۣȴõ˵һ֧֡
֪Ʒĵλʲôĵزˡ
Ҳ֧ĵزƷʵ֮ǿƺҲһֹܹˣһĴƵۣô˵֮֡
ʱ򣬳Ʒȴ·ʧһ˵ǰҲûеĴ֮ߵ֧ʲô˺Ľһͳ飬Ҳûж˵ʲô
һʱ䣬Ʒû¶棬˵ǰ
û֪ȥ
׶Уͳ֮УʧһĳƷͳԶԱҲֻгƷĵʦԴ󣬺˼һԡ
Ĳٿһôͳ˳Ʒ˵ڵҪΪһͳ̫ˣҲ֪Ѿȫˣ˵Ҫһǿ쵼Ҹʣ
Ѿ濼ǹˣΪĴͳⲢʺң·ϵķ羰ٿģҲȤˣƷҡҡͷ˵
˵ΪĴͳǷṦΰҵʷ֮¡
ڳƷ˵ȴˣ·ϵϷ羰˵ǲӵϵ
ͳ˵ͷҲǼΪߣƷ˵ģȻܹס
̫ϧˣ˵ҲһĪʧ
ͳ̾˿˵ģﵱԼĹ硣
ϣƷܹΪһͳµĵӣټϳƷʵȫϷ󣬳ưؽ硣
̸ʲôʧϾҾͳܱҽҪã
ƷЦ˵
ôȥһˣĻҿˣͳԳЦЦԷƱҲԼ״̬ȷʵ⡣
ⷽͳȫõģһ֮Уұؽ磬ѰҵҩģһöҩӦÿԽڴͳ书ȫϵ飡
Ʒ˵ţ֮һץһƿƿ֮оװһöҩ
ͳֲ֮飬ϵƿνǱѰҽиֵʦˣյóĽȴǣûоˡ
Լˣû뵽ʱ򣬳ƷȴĺϢ
ͳҲǾþ꣬ϾЦŽӹһƿȻ˵Ҿ͹ˣлˣ
ͳлΪô࣬ЩӦõģ
ƷȻܹʹͳƽƽ˵СŴͳഫ˵ģжڴͳȷг羴
ͳΪһУôҵ³Ҳƽ
ˣ֮Ҳ˵Щ׵ĻˣҲͲˣһͻȻ֣Ӧ׼ãҪȥ˰ɣͳ
ţ
Ʒ˵ͷ˵Ҿڴ̨һ˸ͳҩ֮⣬ҲҪ˽һЩ


1151 ȥ
ͳ֮˵磬ʵҵ˽ҲǷǳ࣬ҵʱҲǸ쾳߶ѣҵ֪˵ͨҪԶԶ࣬ҶĶ࣡
ĸ֮ҲǸ߸ϣײβĴڣеǰЩ֮е֣ͨͳ˵֮УԶؽ֮Ҫӣؽ֮У޷Ǿɽưԣ֮УԶԶ࣡
Ҳõģʵ֮УҲǸ߸ϵһС֮һͳ룬˵һЩ飬һЩϸߣ֪Ĳ࣬ҲùһĨڣ
лͳƷ
ô˵ҵĴ󣿡ͳ
ƷЦ˵ͷȻһ֮У߱ؽ磬˸ͳ֮⣬ҲΪѰǸ󣬶ңѾҵˣ
ãǴһȥôͳ˳Ʒ˼˵
ţ
Ʒһ֮У˼һǰ˼ҲѾ˰벽˳Ʒڵаغͷ֮󣬿뵤Ҳֻʱ⡣
ڳŴ֮Ҳһʱ֮ѡٶ֮Ʒ
֮УҲӦԱ
ΨһĲµľǼˣ˼˵ûʲôǣҵģĸţڸҲûʲô飬ƼҲѡµļ
ȻƷͬڸĸǷĲµģĳɺܿȻͬ᲻ãȴֳ֧Ʒȥ׷Ѱء
гƷµĵؾټͨԪδͨҲָտɴƷרһ֮ٵǣĸδĺܳ
ҲɳЩ֮󣬳Ʒžˡ
ðãͳĽĿһˡ˷İɣֻҪһ죬ҺƼҶտģǳµģ
Ʒ˼궼˵ͷҲĿ֮һҺƼиͳ
ǳƷĸĸƷҪΪǶ׼գϾȥ֮󣬱㲻֪ʱܹˡ
ȴģӵʵļ֪֮ĴͨǿߣֱǳԷˮһļ򵥣˵ǳƷ㣬Ҫôˡ
һʱȥз֮սҲѾֻżľˡ
һʱ֮УҲ֣Ϊûɽͺ˵вٶ൱֮죬ֻһʱѣ޾֮ʷһϵĻС
ǰȻһЩǵţں仧ҲǱȽϿؽ½ģ֮неģȴͷһΡ
ȻڽĹ֮У⵽˺·ķˣԴб֮£ǴЩ壬޾֮УһϻУǲԭ޾Ͼеĵ֮Ͻн裬ƾսһ֮ǣ־޴ǹʱĹҸ޷͸ġ
Ψܹĵز
ԭݵıеҲĻָУһж죬ÿһ춼µϢһõϢ
ȻĴɿɣ
һ峿Ʒ˼һ磬Ժ֮УףĸףöѾڵˡ
ڳҵļҲѯƷ뿪Ϣδ̫ˣͳƷǹϵԻ֪ͨǡ
ǸĸԺҪǶϣЩȻӦõġ
ĳɺܿ϶¶˼ֲ飬֮ǰͬһһߣҲ֪ʲôʱټ
ܿۿͨ죬һϣû˯
Աߣĸ첲ۺ죬Ҳ޹һ
棬ԺҪչˣƷ˵µЩϣпն࿴кô
ǰƷͽɳɲᣬ׷ҪˣȻĸϵҲ˵ҪϸĶˡ
ţ
˵СԴû
߰ɣõģҺ軹ûϵǸز
ĳ˵
棬֣ԺǼʲôͰǶչˣƷ˳ͳ¡
İɣ˵
֮󣬳Ʒ˼໥һۣ˫˫εض𣬻һ⳯Զʶȥ̶ʱ䣬Ѿʧ˵Ŀ֮С


ľ 粨


1152 磬ȫµĿʼ
Ʒ˼˵Ľų̼죬СĹ򣬾Ѿؽ½Ȼ֮еһ֮ϡ
һҲǷǳ󣬷ԲҲǼʮС޾֮Ͽνܲ޾ÿʱÿ̶ܱŰĺ޻һҲܵ׻ɽ緢
һϣ֮ܲУһɽɽ֮£иڡ
˽˶֮Уܿ죬ͿԿɽ֮һ޴żһŵżһ
һƬżȻɢңȻ˵ĴѾɨƽˡ
ż룬żʱĳ֮б绯Ψһ޴󷨡
󷨵ܣ˸ʯЩʯгƷõģҲõģΪľ󷨡
Ʒߵǰ棬˹ֻһɲǼ䣬Ĺâ
Ʒ˼Ⱥ˽ȥܿ죬󷨵Ĺâͽ˵Ӱû
Ʒܵ˿ռ֮˰˽ȥΧĿռڷٵıá
ڳƷƽȵĴ͵ʱͻȻǰһӰʱëȴǱˣ
Ʒܵķ־һȭһ˲ˣԭֻѡ
ţƷʱãΪ󷨵ʱ򣬸ûзУҲ˵϶رַˡ
ƷҲĻϽе޸һ޸ҲǱˣ
Ӧ֮ǰǱؽȥģӦҲ׼ĺֲŶԡ
̳ƷѾĴ㣬Ҳ󷨱ãһ˿͵ˣ˵Ļͻ
ǺյֶΣ
棬һ˿ܶκв˸ڵĳƷ˵Ҳ־Ϳѹˡ
֮Уȴ޲ߡ
ʱڴڵǸռ֮Уʼƣһһıѿ
˶Ҫһ£Ʒ
ã
˼Ҳ̷Ӧ˹
ʱƷܹ֪͵Ŀĵؿ쵽ˣڵĿռҲҪˣȥĻ˶棬Ȼڿռ֮С
ռ䴫µҲ֣һСģͿڿռ֮С
ռ֮ʱ֮еĶķֲ֮ε˿ԽӴġ
Ʒ̾Ѿ˾һӣͼͷ˳Ȼžͽ˼УȻһƣͽ˼˳ڡ
ȻɲǼ䣬Լͱռûˡ
κǣźһƫԺ
ɪһ紵ֻصҶ
ɪɪ֮УһԼĪŶʮµӣ亮ܶΣһ׼򵥵ȭȫɢһֵܿ죬ͻһŷ籩γۿɼ
Ƥһ۲ɼٶ𶯣Щ֮Уһ˿һ˿Ŀռ֮Ҳų˳
һˣڽڵĿռ֮ųȥˣ
ӵ˵˲Ǳˣһǰڴ֮У˲ĳƷ
һʱ֮УˣʱѾ˴ϾҪˣ֮󣬾һֱˡ
ռ֮˺һνʥصʱҪأΪ͵Ҳǲͬն
ǼˣҲ㻨һʱ䣬ڽռ֮ųĲˡ
Ҳ˵ռ֮ٶɳԵ˺ҲǳƷǻʼս壬ֵܹڣһ˵ĻѾռ֮˺ˣҲҲûпָܻ
ֻǻָƣķȴȫ֧ˣھľиѳΣƣ˵ҲǼΪֵġ
־ҲȻƻָˣȴܶ÷ʵǰ˵˾޴˲
ǰܹɨȺۣЦ£ıǳǿΪ;˻ķڷѾòˣϵǷһˡ
ˣƷţڵսҲԿͨ۷ĸ֣Ѱͨסȫһȭ
ȻɫһеĸڣǿɫǿķƷ˵ɫѰ˿еνľ־ȸ
ɫһеĸֻɫǿ󣬳פ䣬𽥱ǿĻᣬ˵ǳƤңڳƷȴҪƤɹޱ߿ຣ
еǻʼս壬ֻѾˡ
أԺ洫һŲ


1153 κź
еزƷ͸ܹ򵽣Ҫ
еĿʼҲǴҪĽ׶Σ˺ڣʵѾ̫ĴĥⲢ˵Ӳǻע⣬ۻͨȵȡ
ȻЩ֮׹֮·ˮۣɫǶɺۣ֮ɱ˰ͱҪɫǿ󣬷ſԡ
ǳƤңҲڿԶģ
ڳƷҲָֻĲˣһ㷨ûУƷսֱͨ۷塣
һʱ䣬Ҳ˽ˣȻˣǺʱ̣ûʱ֮Уվ䵽֮С
ֻ˼곹ʧɢˣһ֮У찵ãҲû˵˼Ϣ˼겻ǳƷ㣬ͼػģӦòˡ
︽Ļ˼ΪӦòһϢûС
ΨһĿܾǣ˼䵽ԶĵطȥˣԳƷҲżˣΪżҲûá
˼Ϊ뵤Ҳһ֮ңԱӦݡ
˽⵽ɣȴǴͳ˵ĵطһдκĵطκԱ䷶Χ֮㣬ʱйҪһϣ˿Ҳʮ㡣
߶ȷ٣ķչҪһΣŨ̶ؽϣձ鶼кϵΪֻҪԼ쾳ʲô¡
κ֮Уֱܹ֮࣬õġ
߸ϵ֣ͨҲżʣڴκ֮УֵͨĵλԼǵͬԭֵĵλȻ󣬵ȴҲܶࡣ
͵ձ鶼ͨϵΪ
ͨͨҲвͨµģֻѰһͨأݵλһԵ
У̾ͿԳΪһΪκ¹ͣҲǲܡ
ͨϵĸ֣Ҹ߲ĺĽײ㣬ͨ۷壬Ǿ͸ǼΪģֻҪԸΪκЧ඼ֻʱ⡣
ĴڣǾ޴壬Գһ¡
ͨ۷֮ϣа벽ĸ֣Щ֣ڳ㹻ĹͣͿԷҰҲԿɣΪһ档
κ£ƺΪʦκ֮УǲķëǣκûжĴڡ
Ȼؽ֮Уܾô֮ܵ˵Ǽģˣ˵ʵۣʵ۶
ڰ벽֮ϵĵǾʵʵһˣƽʱײβоֻ֮һЩȴܹ
ڴκ½ɣһһУӰߣӵзܡ
ʹͳ˵ҲǷϵģȻκǴͳļ磬Ǵȴ࣬Ҳɴ˿ɼ֮󣬿϶ֻǴκһط
ڳƷԺɴκʶӹ硣
һʱ֮УƷָϵƣֻҪ޸־ս»ָ벽ҲǵС
ٶȥ»Ҫָܻ۷壬Ψ˷̵ʱڻָ
ʱ֮󣬽Կȥã
һŲ˳Ʒ˼˲ʧӰ٣Ƭ֮ȴһŮģŮ˽ԳƷ˵ү̫Ϊŵ˾ͽҴСʱ쵽ˣ̫˻ؼʡ֮ǰԸǣٵˣ
Ů˵ţƲһ۳Ʒһʱˣϵү֮У͵ǸôڴһҰ֮С
ƫƫ˶֪̫˳谮ģҲǳΪӵѡ
Ȼ˱ֵȫ͵е֣Ҳ֪ź̫ǰ˳̫ţ¶ķүΪźӵĸʻǺܴġ
Ʒԣϲɵ¶˼ֿЦЦݣ˵⻹Ҫһǰ˵
ǸʱƷո֮Уû뵽һɱ꣬˾Ȼĺ߰˷ֵƣҲгƷ
ȻͱǸȻź֮УĳƷ˽⵽ԭΪźԼԭӱɱӣѣڳϵѡһЩˣΪµӵĺѡˡ
ƷҲͽݣźˣֱա


1154 
Ʒıⲻһţ˭֪ԴӼźĸ̫̫֮Ƕϵĺá
Ʒ֪ܺԼòйأ̫̫иСӣڶǰΪ˱̫̫̫̫һֱΣм֮󣬴ԼҲͽСӵĻˡ
źҪ֧ѡ˼֮λвٵĺѡ˵ģסź֮Уûж
Щ֮УƷҲΪǸ˶޲źǰεΨгƷͬ˲ʱݼ̫̫֮⣬Ҳֻʮ֣ź
Ȼ˵͵Ϊ̫̫ƫź֮͡
Լȷʵûһ˿һ˼ҲһˣҲͲҪסƫԶƫԺ֮С
̫̫ʡ׾ȻףʱһǰƻļӸС
̫̫ΪʲôԭƷֲʯͷˣȻжȻǸоЩЦá
һ֮УΪƣòݷһжͬˣ㲻۷壬ĶֵҲࡣ
ˣ֪ˣ
Ʒݻһ·ͳˣӵĺѡˣһ檳ȺȣƷҲʵ̫͵ˡ
ǸŮƷ뿪΢΢һ֪Ϊʲôȫ¶֪үûһ˿һΪԼʱ򣬻ǻһֲĽţ̫ߵŮƽʱźûôŹ
һ֮࣬Ҳûע⵽Ʒ뿪ʱ򣬽Ųһûз
ڴʱǣǱһ޴ĸۡǽߣ̻Ի̨ͣͤ¥󣬽ڴ۱ȡ
һ¥̨֮ϣŮӱȼһŮӣһɫĶ̴۷ɴ䣬毺ãγ˵Ӣˬ
һŮһϮɫĳȹ̬޳һžµ֮ϣѩʱü΢С΢ţ㣬ǷˣҵȻҪҸһӵȥףźҲˣֻϵӵܣ˵ȫ书һӵ׼ˣ
ǺͳƷ׵˾ͽҴС㣬˾ͽ¡
ŮӴˣôһģǺŮӰֱ˵˵ֻȥףֱֲӼ޸ʲôֻ˵̫£ź̫̫ţ˵̫̫飬ҲӦ̫̫ǽĸмģ
ǷˣΪʲôŮӾͲѡ˾ͽƵ૵
ҾͿԣ
ƲƲ죬˵Ϊ̫ˣͨδǰ;˭ܱ㣬ǿΪ첻ϣֻܹͨһԼˣѣҪſɣ
ҿûôԶκôˣܿ뵤Ĳż˾ͽ˵֪츳ãͿͨˣҲûҪһֱɣ
Զأڿͨ˿һС˵Ȧӵʸѣҡҡͷ˵
ιҲ˵ĺǿô࣬ҺôҲ۷ˣ˾ͽ²˵ͨҲһ֮ң
һģһ֮ң֮һ󣬾ͲˣҲܿͨǸʱȻˣ
ˣˣ˵Ǹһô죿˾ͽµˣĶˣСòڣ׷࣬Ҳкܶô֮
Ҿò̫ܣҲĺܵ͵֪ò˶û٣ˣҪôƽӹ֮Ҫôд֮ˣΣĸʺֱܵͣԲ˵ɣҺһȥѰѹأëëŵģҰѵѵ
͵仰ˣ˾ͽЦ⣬ʱһһĸо
ƷĲ¥˵дڵĸȺϲƷ衣
һ֮ڣƷ֮ϣֻǲʱĶ˱Ȳ裬ȻѾȴ˰ʱˣȴһ㶼ż
ᶼΪϷˮ֮ЩҾҲľɣ̻оһֱڲϵɢŵ˳ֻУжмĺô
ҲƵĵطһоԶûôߣЧȻҲвˡ
ƷȵĲˮ֮жмΪŨϵȲҶƷһߺȲ裬һ˹еˡ
˵ˣһУ±˷˰ʱĸӣȴҲ˿


1155 ҽƷ
ʱ֮Ӱ˷֮С
Ȼ˳Ʒǰ
˼ǳٵˣ
˾ͽµȻһ۳ƷЩǣ˳ƷʱĸӣƷȻһŭ鶼ûС
ٵȻģΪ˼ŭƷȻôһܣһɢ
˭֪ƷȫΪӡ
޷
Ʒ˾ͽһۣ¶˼ЦЦ顣
˾ͽµ뷨׾ͱˣСŮ˼ˣȻͣƷҲ˼꣬ĴС˾ͽܹĵġ
ЩСֶΣڳƷСƢѡ
ҵѣ㣡
˾ͽ½Աߵİ˵
ƷĿƳԱߵİ㣬ʱЩȣСӣȻѾͨˡ
ȥ˼رӲĻʮֱͨǲ漣
ڳƷû֮ǰЩͨĸձ鶼ڴʮ꣬һ֮ſͨ
ʮͨһͨӹ˵Ǳֱ֮
궼ѵһȻһչϣȷʵҪǿһΡ
㿴һ۳ƷֻЩ֣Ʒĸоһ峺ȪˮһһۿףӦûΪġ
ȴһо͸ĸо
оʮر𣬵һԿ϶ƷԲǴ˵һϲġ
ȻûΪȴǲһ̩ɽǰ治ɫʡ
Ǳ˰ʱĸӣܹУͲһܹõġ
żɽ˵ɣǶǱ׵ģҿӣƺҲûʲôȤĻãԴϲˣƷ˵
ãˬ죡
˾ͽµ˵ͷ˵ȴоֵֹģȻƷõĽǳƷһۣе㲻
óƷ֪ˣƸÿЦãУҲС
˶ڴԣǸڿԲţ
㿪˵ղڳƷ˵ʱһֱųƷȷƷ˵һʲôܹݣΪϵء
ΪҲ˲ã
ƷЦųƷ
ܿóЩĿųƷƷӦÿŶԡ
óһЩƷһڲ˵Ӧָ㣬ᣬܿͨһģ
¶˼־飬û뵽Ʒܿó
Ʒ
ʲôæʵѾƷԲ˴ŵǰ㲻֪Ʒܹ˵ʲô
ڱѨѨǲǵҹʱ־ͻῪʼʹƷ
ô֪ʱЩȻЩû˵Ʒô֪
һͣŵ˾ͽҲеɵˣ֮ǰΪƷΣķʽע⡣
ΪˬƷȫмһˣȴ԰˼ӣһߵΪˡ
Ʒ˵ģٿķӦԲǺ˵ģѵıһ˵ˣ
ӦþǻԵʣָӦҲǸѡ˻ԵĹⱾûʲô㾳͵ʱȻȫνΪ;ǵ֮ͨ󣬾ͻῪʼ⣡Ʒҡҡͷ˵ĵ˵ûӻã㱾Ůӣȴô͵Ĺ⣡
㱾ҲǹһѣûбϣϾԴӿ֮ͨͳˣҲ˺ܶҽƵĵ伮Ƕûа취⡣
Ҳ˽ѯһЩҽʦȴҲڣƷȴܹһۿ⡣
ʶܳƷа취
ȴ֪ƷȻҽʦ̳˵ʵļ䣬֪ʶ֮ḻһܹĵġ
һõҽʦһһõĵʦʦһõĵʦضҲһҽΪҪ˷õģ˽ⲻƳĵҩͿܳˡ
ʸеٮٮߣһ֮Уƺ˲֪ǿߵĸϡŹֵĲ֢
ЩϡŹֵĲ֢ȣ⣬ֻǾ֮͡
ҪѯʳƷ֪ģأƷȴͻȻ˵ˣ
ûа
˾ͽҡҡͷ׳ƷΪʲôͻȻôͻȻڡ
Ҳҡҡͷ
ȻǾǵĳƷһڲ裬˵
ѣȻˣβʲôܵ˵أ


1156 ɱеĳƷ
˾ͽ¶ʱƷĻŪĪаƺ뵽ʲôϾ˾ͽһȦ֮˲Ҳʲô
û뵽Ȼᱻƣʱԭһ˵ǽ֮ϣͻȻһӸֳӣӣһޱȣһеģһޱȣƫƫȫͬˣģȴмơ
֮УǸޱȵΪףļΪףѾһûʲôֱˡ
ȴżΪ˵ϢֲϢ֮С
ͨ
Ʒһڲ裬Ȼر似ɣѰͨҲǵ䣬ǿϧ˳ƷȻûзǳƷȴԴĴԣӰ졣
ûڵľ磬һССĲĸ֪
ԳƷľ飬һ۾ܹóʳֻѾͨҲǿͨء
Ϊ֮ǰǳ棬߸ϵĴһԿɾĴС񣬵ȴ֮ࡣ
Ʒ뵽ɵ̾һĵ̫ǳˣ
»ᣡ
Ʒ֪˾ͽĶˡ
λСǺ
ǷӸ¸Цһ˵
»᣿
Ʒϸ룬ܿˣһ֮УҲŹ»飬ڴκ֮У»һ޷İɱ֯ΪֲĿ鲼κٹ˶ܵ޴в
κȻǿʢǲ۸ֻҪԶûһǿ»Ŀֲɱ֯ȻһֱΧˣЧСҲǽ˼ֲһֱҲ»ܲڡ
ƷҲû뵽»Ȼ֮ɱˣϣ׷ɱĺҲҪ
άͨڵİҵߣ˭˭ܵĲࡣ
ֵܣʱ˭»Ȼ֮УֵҲֵɱ˲ֻɱ˾ˣᾭŰɱĿɼĿֻš
ǷֵӣҲǴֵܵϴЦһ˵
»ô޷죬ѵ±κͨôǴǣǿĵط˾ͽºȵóƷЩĿ࿴Ȼ˾ͽ¿ȥǸС㣬Σ֣򶨣ȷʵе˼
Ҳÿκץץõֵܣ
ϴ˵˾ͽ£һΣǵĿ㣬ԭҲеһʧǧƷʯҪԴҲһ£
ʱ䲻࣬ԾͲදˣϧˣεεСˣ϶Цһ˵֮а֮ɫ
ҲôˣѾֵ˽磬ǽҲûãǸ˵
ȻֵԾѾʤȯˣƷ˾ͽ˷ϡ
İҲǸոտͨѣ˾ͽ²۷壬ƷһΪûУʲôв
ʱ˾ͽҲְûڵ飬Ȼ֪Ĳ࣬Ҳ֪һ˲õĵˣöԷʧأͳƷףҲ˾ͽҪźϹϵ
˾ͽȻǺ̴֣ڴκ֮У̴ֺҲӵвСźȨǲ
֪Щȴǲ⣬ΪΪڴУǵκ̫ҵĵطвȨڴˣ۷̶ȣǵ۹ϱĵط
»᲻ô󵨣װŵĻԸϣΪԼҪˡ
סǣߣ
ʱ㵲˾ͽµǰ
Уǳģ涼ǽ磬ܲˣԣ˾ͽæ˵
ִ֮ʣϴЦһ˵ǺһģҪһ¾һ·
˲䱬ѣȫ˲ܻ棬ֱӳǴϴȥ
СЩСҲǰ
ϴЦһֱһȭֻһȭѣͽֱӷ˹ķ飬ܵȭķɣֱӱƵǽǡ
ټİᣬּĸֽ֮УȴҲֻǷ֮ˡ
϶ʹֱӷ˾ͽ£ڳƷȫȫ˺ˣڰĺȲ裬·һ㡣


1157 һΪûô
˾ͽȻȫԼ򶨣Ǳ۷ʵ̫ͨԶˣֵͷųѹá
˫ʵ̫Զˣ־ֲܹ˵ģ
أǧһ֮ʣƷˣ΢΢һеĲ豭֮Уˮһ㸲˳ȥֱӱƳһŴֵܶȥ
Ǵֵܼ̾ͲΣգ˳ȥ
һֱǽ֮Уһ¥֮еǽڶǾرӹ̵ģ˵дֵܲµ󷨣˵Ǽʯͨĸֽ֣һʱҲƿ
ȴǽڱһСĿӡ
ʱֵͷ΢΢һֱӺûзӦĻֱ룬»ᱻֱԴ
ʱǲڽĿ⿴˰֮ǸˣһǴûһ˿һˡ
ͻȻֻúëΪƷһ־ʾˣԲһ֮ˣڷ˱ʵ£ȻܰźȲ裬·Щʶûйϵһ
ЩѾǳˣǣôĲȻȴȫӶĵط
۲΢ЩɱֵĻô಻ĵطȫûһע⵽·˹ڱǵ۾һ
һֱǲ˳ƷһӲŷô಻ѧĵطʱʱһֵһĸо
ԸСӣϽɱǣ
ʱ϶æ˵Ǽܹʱ䣬ҲӲ˶ʱ䣬ʵϣƵĴУÿһӣΣվһ֡
֮ǰΪʤȯգû뵽һʡ
ã
Ӧһ֮϶ֱɱ˾ͽºͳƷ
Ʒǲ죬ץеĲ豭ֱӷ˳ȥɲǼ䣬ѾŴ϶ķȥ
϶ʱʧɫȫķȫԼγһֻ֣һͨĲ豭ѣǾȻֱܹӶ֣ȻֱӺؿڡ
أ
϶һƺߣһûܹӳξֱӱײ˳ȥֱײǽϡ
ʱ򣬴Ѿ˵˳Ʒǰ֮ɫֳһץץһâһ޴ޱȵľſѪڣҪƷȥ
һʱ򣬷ȥһ豭֮ĳƷ죬Ƴֵ֮ƣ򵥵˳ȥ
һſѪڵĴ˳Ʒһֻ֣ǻ˼ȹĵƬȻ׾ٵı˺˿
ֱӻš
ȻţֻƷֱӵ㵽Ǵ֮ϣѾǱķ滹ĵĶ⣬ڴƷƵʱ򣬾Ȼһһ˿ͷ·ֽһ˿
ãô
Ǵã˫֮лأȫĲ˼飬Ʒһ㷨ûУʵҲͷ̸ʲôϵ
Ǿһ㷨ûеˣȻܹ־ͽĹ˺ѿķһһѿ
ӦʱѾˣƷֵ͸ֱͱֽһ㣬ɾͽͱ˸Դֲ೹׽ɱƬ
һзʵ̫ˣ˵ʵƷһжֵס
Ǵ϶ʱŸոǿֻоؿڵĹͷղųƷĲ豭˲֪ٸ
ܣ
ȻͿ˴ƷһֵɱʱŭɶǰһȴƷһ䣬νýͬԳһ㣬־һȭϵ£ݺݵ
أ
һƺ϶ͷֱûˣȴԭǱƷһȭҽǻ֮У˲
һΪûô˾ͽ³׿ɵˡ
ƷɴĽ˴϶ʹֱ֮ӾͳŴϴķȥʱڴϴĽ֮᧿ΣȻΪǿҲѾͨ˾ͽӣ޻֮
Ҳޣϴ̫ǿˣоͽء
ڴϴݣܹƵ·ϵʱȴȻоһɶ
ͷһȴһĻ˶Ҫĳ档
֪ܵܲʲôʱѾƷֱӴˣ״ҡ
Ʒ֮ǰδϵˣȻֱӷ˹ֳһץǸĲˮֱͬܵʲôһ㣬ɽ˳ͬһһ㣬ȫ䵽УһѻðͲĳ
ͣ
Ѫɽ˳
ϴӦһ䣬ƺһֱӾͽĸ첲и


1158 նϴеп룡
ҵʹһӴ˴ϴԺʱ󺧡
ˮɵͨĸ˵ֻһСϷѣµǣСϷȻֱܽ۸
¼ֱûŵˣҪֳ֪ˣȻʵϣЩ֬ǾرƵģʯ־Ϳ󱬽󶹸Ѳ˶١
ǿȻһˮƿе˸첲
Ǹݲӣ
ɱľ̾ʶ˳ƷһݲӣоӴ
Ȼûе˼
ƷһЦղһ׼ϴͷ­ģȻƾԼҰһıܸȥˡ
νһҲ
һɣƷ治ɫٶȷȥ
ʱϴļֱҪˣûҪ֪Ӹղ͵һﲻӦ˾ͽ׵ô
һһģԼǸѹҲû
Ǵϴ˾ͽ֮󣬰Ҳǳ׿±ˣʲô
Ȼ֮ǰӳƷĻУͶԳƷĹۣ϶ǴеǸ
УҲֻѧʶϣƷ޷Уһ㷨ûУҲǷƷֳԨѧʶ϶ز¶
ȻƷȻܲôǳ׳Ԥϣ˵ֿܵĴϴֻҪʮоܻɱȻԳƷʱ˲һ
пƲ˴϶ʹĲ״ɴûжƣֱӾһб
ֱܹزڴκſһСҲûɡ
ǽԵɺϣֻһҲδ֪òˣ޷ежôĿ¡
һ㷨ûУѵƾУǿزô
ֱǷ࣬޵֪Уû飡
֮ǰ˾ͽѾһɵˣ޷֮лعһû书ˣܹôֲս
һߣƷʹϴ֮սҲѾ뵽˰ȻĽ׶ˣ򵥵˵ǳƷϷˣϴһͥŲ֮䣬ļоͽϴƵ˾·
ϴһжҵֱֵֵĽ
ǴʱѾƷƵ˽䣬޿ˣıǰǽڣƽʱԱǽڴ򴩣Ϊ˱ⱻ˲Լǽϼӹ˽硣
֮ǰΪס˾ͽµȴԸϾ·
Ҹƴˣ
Ƶ˾֮ϣϴײһȫ˳
𣡡
ʱϴ·𻯳һ̫ŵųųƷҪƴ
һ̫ᣬƷǲŲæ򵥵һȥ
ͣ
һֱ̫ˮһ룬Ѫ罦⾳ɢȥֻ֮ʣǸϴƷһȥԴ
ǰأԲţԼƴڳƷǰȴôĿЦֻһͳնޡ
նɱ˴ϴ֮󣬳Ʒеˮصһ»˲ˮһء
սĻʱ˾ͽڻعĿųƷ֮󣬲һֽٺĸо
ֱ˼飡
ǱΪһ֣֮Ȼˡ
⡭˾ͽһ˫˳Ʒһʱ䣬Ȼ֪˵ʲôá
Ҳˣ»ˣԺҪˣƷʼ磬ЦЦ˵
еӣ·ոմսһ˲һ
ղҲϴ˵ˣʱˣֻ˾ͽµĸⳡϵĶɱ˾ͽµġ
Ҫ֪ڹɭϵ鶼⣬οڴκ֮С
ǧƷʯ㹻˷ˣ
ôлˣ
ȷӦ˹˵
лҾͲˣǱҲһɱˣҲԱѣƷҡҡͷ˵ҪлңͰæһ飬ܲ˵ȥͱ˵ȥˣ鷳ڶȻ»ɱ֣ӦвƵͽɣ鷳ǵʱͽҾͺܸлˣ
ƷĻǸĪĸ˵ˣָ˲Ӧòʳ˼̻ӽǮô
ôڿôп밡
У׵أ͵ΪֹˣӦò´ˣԷģûʲôµĻҾȸˣ
Ʒ˵꣬ת˳ȥֻʣ˻еɵ۵˰֮С


1159 Ʒһ治򵥣
໥һۣǵУ˵ѾĲˡ
ͬʱҲ˶ԳƷĺ棬Ʒ֮ǰΪַϲģӵŸĪʵ
նɱͨأͨصĿɱ֣
ÿ£Ǽʱ䣬ֵܾȻˣ֮˾ͽ˵
ǿǳǿ˵ǣͷβһ㷨ûãֻƾǿᣬһֱ˼飡
˵һȫްɣ˾ͽ°˵
ȻƷһŮҲʲôûоĻ䣬Ϊκḷ́һдκǰʮȻֻϵģǶҲǰκ̳Ѿ۷ˡ
̳սʲô鶼СҲֹһεİܺͰɱ
Ѫȵֳ޶ԣֻжڳƷ˼ֺ档
һʲôˣΪʲô˶˵ǸϲģȻôǿʵΪʲô¶
ԭóƷֻһһ۾ͿԿ׵ˣڲŷ֮
˿
ܣû˵ܹزģοҲܲҲҪԸǿһ㷨ûУⲻЦô̾ͷ˵
Ʒǳ죬ѧȫ֮ͬǰ˸˵һ˿Բɱͨĸ֣һ֮ԱǣǸܡ
ƫƫƷˣƷһԼİ취
뵽㲻󣬳Ʒ˵ģҹ۵ĵط⡣
ԭ䣬˵ףҲһλ̫̫ϲ˶ѣδֻûпܳΪź򣬵ڿҲûпܣ̾˵ˣ˼ѣһˣ
˵ЩֶûһƲأ
˾ͽһƣ˵
ôȵô
˾ͽᵽԼĸ磬һü΢Ȼ˵˵ҲûҸȫ֣Ҹȫ֣ҲͺɣҸľ̫ߣҲ²
Ҳô˵һĺܲأ
˾ͽ˵
Ҳ̫п˵㣡
룬ɵЦ˵ȷʵͦпģҲĴҪأ·أˣȥ˽һ£ߺߣųƾ԰ȫ˱ƽҿϰҪô
ʱпĸ˵ĳƷҡڵĳƷȻҪһΪʱпտҲһ仰˵Ǹ׼ơ
Ϊʧȥ˷ĹϵһΣɽͼռ䶼򲻿ˣȻҲ̰ͼôͨͽ
ϾǿǸɵй׸£òͷ
Ͼ飬ܽǣŬУûǮԣ
ҪӿָٶȣͱҪȻָơ
⻹һʱ֮Уͷһκ֮еĸֽսܿ˲ͬعԱؽǿҲΪ̡
ͨĸֳֵƺ͹ģؽʱҲҪСĶ࣬һͨĸ־췭ظֻǲ̫ˡ
˵Ǻ£Ϊڷȫʧ£ǿܹм
ڴǵĽֵ֮ϣ˳Ǹ¥ã䷱ĳ̶ȣñĳҪֻеķĳбкܴĲͬ
ָ¥۴αȣǹɫ¥ΪչļΪĹϵڳƷ˵ǳһط
ƷĽŲ죬˳֮дƽأڲ֪֮䶼Ϊ·һ·ɵķź
Ϊڴ֮ȨźռؼΪ̻Իֺͣ룬ǰʯʨͬլ֮ռס˷ˮһаҲҿ
Ʒոսȥأһ
Ʒ
ʱһƷתȥһԼĪŶʮµĻӣ˹
Ʒüͷ΢ԣ£
ҲǱѡӵʮ֧ӵ֮еһ
ϴ㿼ǵ㿼ǺûУԿ˵
ʲô飿Ʒü
ǽһߵ飡˵
Ʒʱ飬»źӳ֦ӵ֮ѡδźйϵ


1160 һ߲
ΪźãԲòӳ֧ѡһʮΪӵıѡģһʱ䣬˳Ʒһ㶼ģϴ֮⡣
һʱ֮Уʮ˶ͨ˸ָĽ֮󣬺ܿͷֳӣУӱΪʮ֮еٮٮߣҲǳҺ֮еٮٮߣѾͨѹһͷ
һǳ˵ĳ޽ܣһǣ
һ͸ײ֮ʮӵĺѡ𽥾ͷֳɣֱ𱻳޽ܺͳ¡
źԴƺҲǳֿ϶̬ȣһѡΪˣֻΪ˲ʸΪźӣδΪź
˵У޽źĹϵ׽źֶӣϵԶˣһЩ
ܵ˵ѷһƱ֧ߣ˫İȻź֮Ѿʲôˡ
ڣΨһһ״̬ˣǱˣǳƷ
ź˾֪ƷΪ̫˵Сӣܳ谮ûΪᱻв
Ȼ˵ѡ˶ֻҪźӳˣѡôһ޷е˵ġ
ƫƫ̫̫Ӱܴ˶Ҫ£ֻһֱܾ˶ѣһֱڣʮȫǷǴ˼ˣûĿռˡ
Ȼʮ϶пܳΪźӣÿ˵ʶȫһģλֻһܹλҲֻһ
ΪûпԣԾѡͶпܵˣͬλһʵҲࡣ
˵ˣҶӵλûȤҲҪңƷֱӿڻظ˵֮ǰʵûظʱ͵οڣʵȻָֻһ֣ȴҲЩܱȵġ
ԵɫʱȻ֪ƷûʲôҰģʵźڣҲƷѹҲźǰε
ںܶ֪֮ı֣ϾһˣһϵˣΪͨǿģҪΪź򣬻ܡ
źӣپ޴ѹοֻ֧
ȻͣǱ̫̫ǰǿӰǺܶġ
ƷҪˣȵٳΪ֮Ϊƾ̫˵ĳ谮ΪΪôв˵ٲǺźϵˣӦĻΪӣ
ƷȻóԵвЦ˵ȻΪӵĻʲô飿
Ʒ˵ĻʱóΪ֮һƷĻһǶȿ⣬Ҳһϵƾ̣ϵôõĻôЩѡ˳ء
پһΣң򣬺е𣡡
Ʒ˵˵꾶ֱǰԼƫԺ
ɫһһףΧΧ۵ԽԽ࣬ڸҲǱүλ߸ϣȴƷ˿ȥʱŭͷ
Ʒ
ͬʱһֱһȭһҵ̮ȭֱӳųƷĵķȥ
ŭͷĳһ־֡
ã
ԱߵЩ˶ʱĳȣǸϲƷүƷȻ߶ҲôҫۣǶ˺ǶԴЩҲ
Ƕóⲻװģʵ˾ˣʲôԭкøеġ
Ϊ˼̾վ˳Ҫֹԡ
ȻǾȵһĻˣԵһȭֱӴ˳ƷϣȴûдֱӴ˹ȥ
еĽֻһӰһȻȴƷٶתŤ壬һȺ˺ҹĻһɨ˳ȥ
أ
û⣬һƺߣ˾ͱɨ˳ȥ
ʱ˲ڻعһȺææҵİѵڵϵĳԷȴŷ֣Եؿ߹ѣƫƫû˵࣬ƻ׼
˶ܹóƷˣһûгͬʱҲֲ˼顣
үȻˣ
ѵԵǰ㣬Ǹ޷ķ
ʲôЦүⶼǷĻǱɳȥĻүʲô
үΪҲѾҪˣһȺѡвڣҲǿǰˣȴүһ߳ˡ
ƺ˶СԽһֱܵ͵ķүˡ
ʱٿƷڿһͷ֮ݷޡ


1161 һδƽһ
Ʒһֱ֣סЩˣЩ˼ˣϾ뵽ˣƷһʱܾܿʵǺܶôһ
Ҳʲôһž߲˳ԣʵҪ˵û۷壬˭ҲŰɡ
ʵȴһֱݷһͷ֮еޣһͷҪ¶Լצˡ
ƷԼƫ֮Уһ߲˳Ե飬Ҳܿʹź
漰ӺѡˣǶûа취ԼźˣҲڣź̫̫ʡȥˡ
ǴӰڲϵķС
ƷЩ˵ָʵΪҪģЩ˵ֻСѣϡ
źƫԶƫԺ֮УƷһ֮ϣ֮гɢŵỊ̇һһû֮в
ڵľ̫أҪеһ㷨ѡ
ųƷĲŬڿԵһСЩˡ
أһŲԺſھͳһԼĪʮ߰ģϻż֮ɫ
磬ڲڣ
Ʒԣ¶˼Ц⣬Ȼɣ
Ǹʮ߰˽˳Ʒ磬ڳˣݺݽѵ˳Ǹ쵰Ҷ˵ˣȻ㶯ֱ֣̫ˣ
СʹѣƷɨһۣȻ˵ţ˴ˣ
·ȫˣҲɢǱ
ΪǸ쵰޽ǰı˵ҪһÿģҪ۵ÿµͺִ˳ߵ˵޽ǱǴȥˣ磬ȻˣǲȻɴҾ͸ɰɣ޽ܻǳĶ֣
ƷЦõĿųţȻó˵Ļ
ʵϣҲһαѡʮӺѡ֮һЩ֮УСģǸʮ꣬ʵҲ͵ģո븮ʱΪС۸Ʒоһ֮󣬾ͶԳƷƴӡ
ƷûźӵĴ㣬Ҳûа취վ˳޽ܵӪ
Ϊ͵ϮƷ飬׺ͳ޽ӪЩַˡ
Ҳ̫嶯ˣ
ƷЦ˵δûижԣһǻѪ汾ĶжˣڿȴΪѵõġ
ˣȲ˵ˣ˵Լ˳Ǹһ̨սһҪƽʱ˰װ׾ģ;òʲôˣһСû뵽ȻôգҪԸ㣡
ƷÿЦãһװ׾СͲʲôˣӵۡ
˵꣬žͷܳȥˡ
Ʒüͷһ壬漴վܲˡ
ź䴫ңźڣҲһ̨ҵӵԹƽʱдĵط
ʱ̨ѾУԣţӺѡˣԼս̨
ฮڵսŸոշ˳Ʒһ߲˳Ե飬ַһӺѡ֮
źѡӵٽҲˡ
ֻһֵе֣˶ǳ޽Ӫ֮еˣȴΪƷ֡
ȵƷʱѾУ̨£һŭݵһȺ˶š
ΧΧŸֵĸɫ˵ȡ
ƷȥڳŶһԼĪŶʮģ꣬һۣƤ𪣬ݿΣֻü֮ż顣
ǳ˵Сԡ
ڳԵһȺͬ۵꣬ӵһ꣬ϴż侲ŭݣǿ˳Ʒĳ֮󣬾͸ˡ
ǳһȺӺѡ֮Уŵ֮һ޽ܡ
Ʒĵܿ˵ע⣬ϳƷһ߲˳ԵನδɢȥڳԺͳΪҪ̨
޽ܿһ۳Ʒǣ֮֮ɫǶ˴ˣԱƷһ߲УѾܶˣµĳŸΪƷ
ѾõһΣǱ߻γЦˣµ˶ܲס
һжΪƷ
֮ǰδˣ
Ʒûп޽ܣֻɨһŶŵĳԣ̾ˣϵˡ


1162 һУһƵ
ԼŲصΪ˵ȻǳˣЩӺѡ֮Уȴڵס
ͱȳҪһЩ֮ǰõϢӦǺͳԲŶԡ
ڳƷﲻʲô棬Ѿǳ͵ˣȻ㲻ʲôҲܲˡ
ǾһС֮һδǰ;
ǾڳƷɨһۣͷ֣Եʵ紫Եأ෴ģѾأȻոտ벻ãȻʵ˵ҲԶԶڳ֮ϡ
Ÿ˽óȻսԣϵˡ
Կŵ֮У֮дżֵóѵćNɪ
Ʒ֮ûжã˵ע⡣
磬ôˣ
Щ⣬ƷȻ˹
ƷһЦҲ㱻˼ƭ㶼֪
ƭˣŶʱЩ⣬
Ʒã
޽˵ǳֱǰһ˵˵ںţƣǷҲ̨֪֪ʲôߵغ񣡡
޽һҲԳƷŭĿӣȻһ߲еĳԲǣǶͬһģƷıǸǷ
Ը㣬Լ֣ʰ㣬´ˣ
ƷЦһ˵
ãããƾţԷ·𱻳ƷĻŭˡ
ԼʤȯգŵʵǳֻضѣȻǿ϶ԼĶ֡
ƷȻ˵ŶԸˣ϶ҲܵЩԵӰˣǿЦһԼҪݺݴ֪Լжôס
ƾôˣʰ㻹ֱӺ˵
ȻʤȯգӦҲһ̨ɣƷЦţ˵
һУΪ˭ԹЦֻóƷǿЦС
ͳŵʵֻԼһоܻԼֱǻ֮
ãҾȽһУˣʲôֱ˵Ҳһжѣοһɶôء
߻˳޽ܵԱߣ޽ֻһ仰ݺݽѵڣ
ģһСӺúɽǣЦ˵
磬Ҫʲôſʵ
ǹİɣƷ˵
ŵ˵ͷ󣬾ͱŲɼڵĳǹ
ҲߵϰߣֳŲ㣬һ㶼ǲɼڣҪõʱãͬһ㱳ڱϡ
ǹңƷ֣æĳǹϺ֮󣬵ݸ˳Ʒ
ҲЩĿųƷ֪ôʱһУǶڳƷӡûȫŤת׼ȷ˵ǵӰУƷӦûǸûΪķŶԣû֪ƷʵжôĿֲ
ˣֻһΣƷ˵Ժ֮Уʼս֮Уһ׸ǴǹӡһǹΪǹһǹʩչܹ˺Ѳ񷡣
ȻҲȫҪţֻʱһжѣȻֻһжѣҲܹĵġ
һǹʲʱǹʣһǹǹɨ죬ǹµǿҲ֪ж١
˵һǹֻһУҲһѰһˡ
ȻƷ֪һǹ֪һǹ壬¼ڻʼս֮УԼ֮ǰҲûѧ
Ҳ˵Ͱˮʦֳѧ
˸ƷѹѧģƷ۾ǹİ帡Ժ֮УЩַӳԺ֮еʼɢҫ۵Ĺâ
ɲǼ䣬ѾԺ֮еĿռֱӻһӰһǴӰһ˳ǹ񷶼Ҫ̵ķ顣
һǹһʼԽԽ죬Ƭ֮ʱ֮󣬳Ʒİ֮£Ѿ׽ǹա
Ȼʩչû취ǹȣҲֻΪΪвࡣ
Ʒһֱ۾˶ʼǳ޽ܵ˸Ƿ·ڿϷһĿųƷ
װװ㻹ܹװã
ڳΨһһųƷˣǳţΪ֮ǰƷ֣ȻǸʱƷʵָĻԶԶڣҲѰ쾳ܱȵġ
ųƷһʤġ
ãƷ۾֮һĨâˣһнƣ


1163 ඥ󷨣һǹ
Ʒ᳤ǹȻߵһյϣ˵Ŀⶼ˳ƷһξʽΪﵡ
ȻֻƷгǹ͵һӴ˳ȥƲСǹƿգһƿ
Ȼ˻ڵſеʱȴƷ˳ǹ
ղǾһˣ
ڸЦɣѰһ̶ѣҳѧǹʱҲܹ
ҪƷˣ
ǳƷ˵ôѵڸЦô
޽ܵ˿˳ƷڵǹʱЦ׷׳Ц˳ƷһǹƵǺ㣬Ҳѣһֻѧһµǹ֣Ҳܹ̳ơ
ÿǺÿˣʲôã
һоܹܵô
ֱЦǹҪеģʵ޴󣬷˭ᱻָЦһǹܵġ
ֱڿЦ
ԼֱͿҪЦֱˣɣǲǲǳƷﵣøЦЦȫޣȻóȡʤɡ
ȳſǸЦһǹʤҪÿ׵Ķˡ
ڳƷĶ棬ŵ֮Щãһ峺Ѿ˳Ʒڵһˡ
Ȼ˿ƷֻǼ򵥵һд̳ʵϣһ˲䣬ƷԼǿһеֱͬඥһֱӹԺ֮С
һַǳ˲õ
ඥ󷨰
ʮּ۽Ҳխඥ飬Ӧ˵ֻڴ˵е飬ĳеС˵֮еڡ
ʵϣඥֶʩչżߵҪ˵һܹóɵġ
ʲô˶ĻǴҾͶҪˣ͵ŸһһĹඥͿˡ
ֹඥ󷨶˱˺ҲǺܴģ
ЩҲٻʹֹඥ󷨣ΪǱ˺Ҳܴ
һԺ֮гױ˿Ȼܹףһһ
Ŷʱʮֵĸж粻ϴξһΪʩչ˹ඥֺķ
սгƷݹĳǹһҪʤԲƷ
ֹ֪ඥ󷨣ڳƷ˵Ҳ̸ඥ󷨶һ˵Ϊûȷķ
ǳƷڻʼս﷢˲ֹһֹඥ󷨣ҸɵĶУвͬиľ
ֻǺıľ񣬵ʩչĻɺܶˣһԾܹŵԺ֮С
ƷҲڰ棬״̬Ҫһඥ󷨵Ļûôףϣһоͼ򵥵Ķˡ
̸ʲôģ
ˣȥɣ
ƷЦЦ˵û޽һ˵ĳЦ
ţŵ˵ͷȻתͷ˳ԣ˵ԣɣҲɽǣ
ֱ˵ƾ㣡
ֱ࣬ӷ̨֮ϣңңԣϵƾͶͷ˿쾳ĸ֣ȫҲʮ־˵ġ
֮УȻܶ࣬Ҳûռ˶ֵĵزѰҲǺ쾳ѣ쾳磬֮ͨҲٮٮˡ
ο쾳ĸˣ
ź֮ɫĿүĽ֡
ԣгǹɲǼͳˣһ˲ͳųԵķ̶ֱȥ
Цһӱ˫Ȼֱսһ
䣡
䣡
䣡
쾳ĸֽ֣ÿһεײǵըһ㣬Ϊˡ
ܿ죬˾ͿˣŲǳԵĶ֣洫ŵĳźͳԵʵ޼ͬԵʵǿŲֹһ
սոտʼžͱѹ·磬һ˳ǹȫȫѹˣԵ˫ȫȫѹƵ·硣
ǹʽҲǴ󿪴ϣͻһ㣬Թزǹľڣűѹסֻ֮óһͱ˻ˡ
ΪֲĵطȫȫĸоԼıԼʵԡ
ʱŲŷ֣֮ǰƷ˵Ļеģ
ԭΪֻҪһѣڲŷ֣϶ǷʲôŻ˵ġ
ɣ
ԹЦȻ˫ֱӺݺݵȥʲôƨֱǸЦڻǱҴǱ
ԽԽǳ죡
ŵһ»˳֮ҳƷ鷳һҪݺ֪˽ٵ³
أʱ򣬱Ƶ˾·ϵĳһȣ֮мᶨ
ƣ


1164 һǹܣ֮
Ƶ˾·ϵĳ˳ƷһǹǸơ
ѾѡˣԭĴ֮Уⲻһѹ׵ĵƶѣûóá
ȻǱˡ
ųһȣȴеĳǹ͵һӴ˳ȥǹֲˣƷӡԺ֮еǿֲһǹֱӷ˿ǹɢ˿
һɲǼ䣬ȫ˷·𶼿һǹƣֻһǹѣȻܹ֮ڵɢ
Ȼֻһǹ⻯ѣʵģǼˣһǹҲ㹻ˡ
ɲǼĹһǹǹѾ˳նĵ⣬һǹѣֱӺ˳ԡ
أ
ǹֱӴ˳Եؿڣһƺߣ˲䵹˳ȥؿڣ·Ѿ飬¶еڼףڼҲһǹˡ
˲䣬ڼױ˿Ȼ˾ͷɳ̨
һļž˶ƴ̳һǹ֮þȫĳš
ɵˣ
ô
˵Ժ֮жһðǶɵˣô޻顣
ڳЩ־ܹĳѾأҲضѣ˫ʵѾǳˡ
ֻҪԲ⣬ʤҲֻʱ⡣
Ҳȷʵûд⣬ֱӾͽŸ˾·
ǹؼڳ󱬷ľһǹһǹĿֲԣֻؿڱֱӴ򱬵ڼ׾ˡ
Ҫ֪ڼ׿ǼΪ̵ģͨĸֳ֣Ǻѻڼ׵ġ
ЩȻźӣǱ֧֮оǮƵģҪôһڼףǲ׵ġ
ȻڼԳŵʱ򣬾ȻһǹֵסֻоͷƤ飬ڼ׹ؼʱ˴󲿷ֵһǹܹԸ̸Դˡ
ʱǲˣΪʲôƷ˵ҪһˣֻһжѣƷʮаóʤˡ
һУڳ˳޽֮⣬˭˵ԼֵܹסһʩչǺεȵ
ԳŵʵֻҲûа취ʩչһ׵ǹģҲʵҲˣֻһжѣܹܱԼ绹Ҫصĸ֣ѧǾѧʲôѧǾѧ
˸޷ǣƷǼ򵥵һ̶ѣôֲ
۹⻹еģһܹ̾ͳͳϵˣ϶İֻǸеİ
κһǹֻǼ򵥵ǹжѣǹУķǹİأǶġ
ǳƷν̸ŵأ
⿿һӣǲܵģ
Ҳһ˲䣬뵽ǹඥ󷨣̾ͱɨԺַҪҲһ֣Ҳһĸ֣ټϣ
Ϊһ̨õйඥǲܵġ
ΨһĽ;ǳƷ϶ǰЩţܹóѧᣬӵ֮
֮ǰǻЦƷֵһǹֱڸЦڿǲһǹѣҪ϶֮ǰʹڸ˳ˡ
޽ܵɫѿ֮ǰΪǳ˳ţϾʵҪԶԶţȴ˵ڣ͵һѳš
˭뵽ȴǳŰѳԸһѣ
ŷ׼֮ǰֵȴһʤ㶼ûеӣ˶ƭˡ
뵽͸оһģǱֺݺݴһƵĽ
ڼգƷϳ˸ˣˡ
޽еŭڲϵȼգƫƫãϳƷһ߲˳ԣΪȳ֣һ㣬ʱܶҵ˶ˣãҲá
źûеһĵزһľ֣ڻһֻȥˡ
뿿һսݺʰһ³ƷͳţȻʧˡ
̨ϣչأʤܶǾȡģֻҪ̨Ǿ൱ǩ״ˡ
һţɽǣȴ˽ǡ
ֱȴĸоֱһɽϾҪ緢
ԼԲһȦƷı֮ĿųƷ˵ãããƷܺãһڵģ
Ʒִ֮⣬ֻҪΪźӣҪóƷÿãܡ


1165 ôװƣզأ
ڳ޽֮ܿ˲һֻȻĸоҲԲĺͳ޽ܲ࣬Ҳܹ뵽ΨһĿԡ
϶ǳƷ׼ˣһ֣ó޽һϵ
ƫƫ޽һ˸ûʶһ㣬ɵ
кܶ뵽޽ܱΣʱҲоˡ
ÿµһаѹֻᱻƷΪѹ׵һˣ
һǹǹ⣬ǺƴĿ£һǹƣƣĿ£
һûмôµǹأ
үͲ˵ˣⷲүҲز¶أ
Щźڵ˿һĻʼ۷׷ǻڻζղǾ˵һǹܹŻʵԼҪϲٵĳԡ
Ҳ֪طǿ£
ʱٿƷʱһӱˣƷﻹ֮ǰǸûа취ķϲү
ȻڻǿƷĺۼǲò˵үȷʵز¶ǵ֮ˡ
֮ǰƷ͵˿Ǿ֪֮ҳͷڿֻҲδӣݷɡ
ǲѣһˣ
¶ͳƷйأҲóƷЩ˵Уؼˡ
ҲһҲ
磬̫ˣһǹ
ֱӴ̨˷ܵĿųƷղŵʱΪԼѾ䶨ˣʵĲ࣬ǹֲ
ؼʱһУȻܹΪʤֱȫϣʱ׳ƷĿģƷ϶ʲôֱֲӲ֣ŽôһС
һеѾܳˣ֮󣬼ֱһ̺֮Ŀֲǹ⣬ҪһҲδܹꡣ
һ־ѧ϶Ҵţ罫һй󣬺ޱĽ̸ǽԼˡ
뵽ž˷ܵͨ졣
Ȼģúһеˣٽʣµʽ㣬˵޵У֮ҲԿȥã
Ʒ˵ͷɫȻǹ޵ǹӦõģûУǲóƷ˼ء
˳Ʒ͸ǸоƷֱװơ
ôװƣզأ
ղһǹǶ˵ģƵĶֲǹƣǶͨĸ˵ҲǼΪǹ˵ǼΪµǹ
̶ֳȣȻûңֻǻһЩƤë
ţܱܲô󣬶Ҫˣ
ûųƷ˵ģֻһƤëϾѧû˵ֲС˵ô书
ֻһƤëһѧȫ̫粢ˣ
ǵ϶ǳ˼Ϊľܹʩչġ
ˣһǹҲʵ㹻ˣ֪κһǹ
Ƕڳ޽˵Ǹо𺳣һǹúĻҲǿԳΪѹ׵ľѧġ
ȻͳƷ˵Ĺϵûлѧˡ
ڳҲֻгųƷ˵ģΪȷʵǽ죬׼ȷ˵ǸղŸѧģƷոͨඥ󷨽һй䵽Ժ֮С
Ժ֮һǹֱһĿֲʩչǣƤë㲻ϡ
˵ˣ
˵Ʒ˵ʽ½ֻһУңҲʮ־ˣֻһǹͱһͨ
һʵ̫ˣԽԽǸоǹҲڲǣѹ׵ľѧ綼Ը⽻ָóһʿΪ֪ĸоƷϵɽ»𺣣üͷһ¡
һѪ˿ǲмһ˵ģɣƫƫƷǾһȡ˵ûʲô֮ĸˡ
Щ츳ٸʲôãһĶǣ
ƷõĺܣȻң޽ҧгݵ˵
Ʒ΢һ룬˳޽ôˣҲýͣûбҪ
Щ飬Щ˵ǳ֮顣
ڳƷĿ˵޽ִŵֻǾ֮ܶѡ
Ҳҽҵս̨֮ϣ޽˵
㣿ƷЦһ˵ҿûпգɣһ£һº󣬳Ŵҳսҽսô
޽ûƷмһˣҪĳһ֮սⲻںݺݴô
ãһ֮ҵҪҪȻսңҵһ죡
޽ܸҪһһٵ˵


1166 ûȤΪźӣ
޽ܼһһٵľʹӦ˳ƷսѾˣȴֲܷҪάڻûгΪź֮ǰҪάԼ󣬲ܹԼ
ǳƷ˵óսԼ˵˳޽ܵģƷڳ롣
Ųصľѣһ˲ͻƵء
ѾͨȻֻͨһأѾˣѾǳԽ쾳ǿڡ
һµʱ䣬óܹսԼĻ޽ֱܻһѽĨԾˡ
ΪͻƵͨô꣬ķԴжôļֻԼ֪ڳһڸǲǳô
֮綾һ𺣬гɱ⣬гһȨ֣һҪƷնɱ
Ǻãһ̨֮ϼƷ˵˵ʹų뿪̨
ʲôȥ£޽һȣЩΧۿֵźæɢͬɢһƬ֮˸⡣
ֻ˳޽ܺͳ޽һЩӺѡˣһԲѪ˵ĳԡ
޽ܱЩۿΪľȫ֪ʲô³Լȴôһࡣ
޽ֻĿһ۳ԣ˵Ƿ²࣡
һѪ˳۵ɫҲܱô죬һʧܶ˵ҲǼΪ顣
ûеӱ޽ܣֻܽеʹ޶תƵ˳Ʒͳŵϡ
ŰɣһΣһһҪÿ
֮˸ŷɫ
ͷһ֦ڳ޽ܵҪѪʱ򣬳Ʒͳ˻ص˳ƷƫԺ֮УƫԺشźıԵشƽʱҲ˻徻һǲԸߵģζűһƫƫƷˣҪ徻ĵط
һ·ϳŻڻгԵ˷֮У˵һ澳˳ԣֱǿԴһӵˡ
磬㿴ûУǳ޽ֱܵǺڹһˣͿˬˣԼǺүֶӣҲǷҪǷ㲻ԸźӣҲͶ
˷ܵ˵
˽ƫԺ֮󣬳ƷԺʯǰ棬Ķ棬Զ
ɫ˷ܵͨ졣
ˣǳ׽޽ܸˣ㲻Ϊ֮鷳ôƷЦ˵
ޣƾҲܹΪӣԼǺүֶôеԴ˵ĺüȻĻƾƾʲôͨŸмһ˵˵˵ΪΣҴ˶㵽£κһ첻ɣǲһǶģ
Ʒ΢΢һЦȷʵԣѪ嶯ȴҲһӵĳ徢Ϊѵõġ
磬һ֮ȥսԼ⼸Ｘһģʰʰԣƻʰǳ޽ܵĻǲȥôһƤЦ˵ųƷȥƤ˵
ʮ꣬ͱȳƷСˣڳƷǰȻǲԿġ
϶а취ɣ˵
ƷһЦ˵ҼȻһ֮ȥսȻҵİգЩֻСѣ
ŵɴ۾ųƷƷһºȥս޽ܣУֱ̩ɽѹһľ޴ѹãڳƷ߾ȻֻС顣
˵ȥĻֻ¶ҪȻˣ޽ܴҪѪһˣôӵ飬ڳƷ߸ͲںֻһС顣
磬ĻȻСˣҿûΪҵڻûпأ˵ٸһˣٸһҲɲѽ㲻ɽǣһص²ɣЩƵ˵
ҼȻô˵ˣȻҵĵȻа취ôôһ޽ܶѣҲʰǰĥʯҪʰһжסƷ˵⻰˱ȻֱˣȥֱȻ󲨡
ǳȴһԴһǴ˵ĶǶԵӣһȡ
Ҫ㣬ûȤΪźӣƷųţ˵
У·ֻ˵һ޹ؽҪСһ


1167 ֮־
ŵɴ۾ȫû뵽ƷȻô˵˵һ뷨ûУҲʾȻһǻѪʱ뷨Щһֲǰôܻź֮λһ뷨ûء
ʵʮ֮У˳ƷҸط֮⣬ûκһû뷨ͱѡģû뷨Ҳᱻѡѡ˵С
ǾһĽ޽ܺͳ˴֮ӱ˫˫ͨϾ͸˵ͷ
жΪӣҲ쾳磬ҵĲಢǻһ޷ǾСѣǸʲô
ȺΪͨʤѾˣⲻȺ⣬еѾ۷壬Ҳûá
Ǹǵʱһܹȥģһһ죬֮𣬿粻ȥǿ粻ȥȥ˾ǿȥˣ֮Ĳ
໥׷ϵĿԣ
ټӵѡҲҪˣź͸¶ѡ޽ܾѡ̫Ŀԡ
Ϊ̫ԶˣȻΪ̫СĹϵ˵൱ãҲʵһ֣ܲñͣɡ
Ҳһûⷽ뷨˻϶ʼתʵѡһ˸ֻҪԼ˳ΪźӣԼɲӣҲмĺô
£ŻѡͶ޽ܣΪԸԭ򣬼Ͷ˳޽ܣͳ޽һȺҲǸ룬ûа취Ϊһ塣
ΪƷͳ޽ܵ˳ַˡ
һ׼ûУƷ˵
漴Ͼ¶˼ֿЦ飬˵磬㲻ҪȡЦˣʤѾ˲ôŻǿŤתģҾûпˣôô̵ʱڸϳ޽ܺͳأ
˵ԵĻǾǿԣ뷨ҿ԰㣡Ʒų˵
磬Ϊʲôôңѵ㲻뵱źôŵ֮ǰû⣬ΪõǳƷվȻƷΪźӡ
ڳƷûг˼ҪԼΪźӣʱе벻ˡ
˵ź̫СˣƷվֶԶ񷣬֮ϣһֻӥ޷Ӷ
ϵӥôźûû˵ĹĶأ׷ϽȻͿˡ
˵źӣźν飬ұˣ׷׷󣡡Ʒ˵˵ǰǿĿҪͷأܹü˼ҲĸõĻ
ѾǸ׶ˣҪӵеģǲƸѾȫõˡ
ȫµ׷󣬾ۣ֮ķ羰ߴδ߹·
źٻ޷˿ĶݣֻоЩܷЩ
Щ޷⣬̫Сˣ޷׳Ʒе־򣬵ҲƷȾˡ
ţٽһ仰ֻʵһеĸֻҪ㹻ʵһжȥãֻ߲ŻҪıƣĶǣźΣӺɷ򣬾ԼȥξһλΣƷתͷԳ˵
Ŷʱһ˵磬˵ûӺɷнţԼҲͨƴԼҪһУ
磬ĴȥźӰΪʲô˵ǲҲ츳ȹңµξҪˣ
ŻͱƷֱӸһƷЦò˵̫ˣҾͺ죬Ҳ˭㰡
ðɣ
Ŷʱ˵¶Цݡ
أһŲԶܿ죬һɫӰѾƫԺ档
ƷסǹҵģһɫӰȴǰ˭ء
ôˣƷʵ
㲻ǡ㣡
ŵɴ۾ԾĿŰ㣬ͳƷ̫ĵϸͬſǴκڴ֮Ȼǳĵϸ
ǿǰΨһĵŮСͱһ㣬СͱظּΪ츳ڣسɴ
ʵҲȷʵͬǸظ˵ܿͳΪ֮ͬеٮٮߣ˵ͨ԰㲻Ƕʮµ˵ǼΪ˵ĳɾˡ


1168 óͻ
ӵ츳ʵð˵һʱ
ټڰǰ飬˵Ҳǳκſ׷Ŀꡣ
ǰڴκڵȨƵλźֻ߲ͣ£Ҫʶ㶼ܡ
Ҿǰ㣡㿴˳𾪵ɫĵ˵ͷŶ
Ϊ飬ߵĶ˷ΪϱֻƷûнɵЩơ
ⰲôƷ˳ţʵ
ֱֹ̫ˣæĽȫ˵˳˰Щ䶯ǵĴ£ֱ䡣
Ʒˣ˵ͷ˵ŶԭҲñֵĸԲзһɣ
Ȼ֪ʲôԲз֪ʲôôʣɵЩί˵磬ⶼǳʶòãⶼǳʶƽʱ̫լˣҲţ
ƷһƵӣɵҧ漴뵽ƷƷ־˼ֵͨı֣ʱйˣ޻˵ˡ
ƷĽڳƷǰһͨǿƺҲסȭš
ſһֹӣȻҷʱ˼飬ڴ֮У˭֪ƢͬҲǱ򣬸ûʲô취
ݸ߹ʵһһǿһ˸ûʲô취ȴԳƷһ޿κεӡ
ŲɵðųƷ˴Ĵָţ椶ʰķġ
Ʒ˳ŰĴĴָɵЩЦãСӿ϶ϹԲ˲˵Ķˡ
Ǻܿɫ˰˵ʲô
ƷǺ䵭ӣֱһ죬ȻһץǬָóһǬӵ˳Ʒǰ
֮ǰ˵ôֵܵͽǸⲻǸˣʮƷʯ˵
ʮƷʯСƷ²һ£ȻæǬ˻УôҲ˲ɣ
Ʒ٣ɵ÷˷̣ʮƷʯɲʲôСĿðɣҪ֪ͨýģֻϵĸֽײŻõʯʮƷʯ㹻һͨĸҵˡ
֪ƷļҲ϶ͲôˣǳƷ٣ȷʵȣֵһᡣ
һ˵Ʒɱ˴ֵֺˣҪϱҪѺܾõʱ䣬пܽͽġ
ǰʱͷˣ⵱ȻаĹϵˣƷϣͷɱ䵽˰ϣһ֮ͽܿˡ
Ȼ˻ɱֵܵǻûô˽ⲻϾ͸Ʒ˹ˡ
ô˵ллˣƷ˵
һԣӶҪɳˣȻδֵܣҲ˵»ײɱ֣˵ΪֵܻҪߵɱֶûֵ
Ϊֵʵ̫ײˣ
Ŀǰĳ˵ǻǴ˵еȻƷˡ
ҲǽϣƷȥһˣô飬ؼǾȻû֪
ǳ޽ܻǳģµһʱҪֵȫ¶֪ˡ
ܹնɱֵ֮еκһ˶ǲ˵飡
˵ֵܶնɱˣٿƷƵӣйԹͽ̫٣Ͳò˾Ǹˣһȫͬ
ѾôĺôˣǸһȶѣ㲻ʲô˵Ҹղʱ˵һºս޽ܣʲô˼оӦ鰡
Ϣôˣ
ƷЦõ˵ôϢУˣ˵Ҫս޽ܣûôģҪս޽ܣ
Ʒָָ˵
һ˫Ŀ˳ţЩ˼˵ôܣƷҳЩֶΣذɣǸ޽ȻʮˣǱϾҲͨôһصһºȥսͨˣˣ
ЩΪѵĵ˵ͷҲò˼飬ųƷġ
㲻ôɣҸģóͻƵأˣһ飬ΣƷ΢΢һЦ˵


1169 ͻƣȻֲ
ͻأôܣ
ɴ۾ȫȫĲţųƷ˵ġ
ֻضѣҪͻĶôס
ڶѣһͻƵأǾǻʵڵĸ֡
һжѿԽԼҲǹȻǳ
Ʒ˵ҪͻƣŸţ
˵һԼûȤһģ
ƷһЦ˵
ãҵҪôͻƣҿ˵ˣһЩΪѵҪǾͱˣˣֱ˵ƺҲ뵽ʲôɵ΢죬ֱ˵
ģ̸жôΪѣƷһЦ˵
Ǿͺã˵ͷȻƷѾչֳ˲˼һ棬ԼΪǿҪͻƣҲòܡ
Ҳ뿴Ʒô
ͿŰɣ
Ʒߵ˳ŵǰ˵ɣҵ۾
ſ˳Ʒ۾һ䣬ͫ׾ͷ·Ⱥһá
أֻоһӰֱԺ֮УֻоȫĹȻĶʼĳصľϡ
ǰδеһ˹·ߣ֮ǰδģܹܵĳһּΪ߼Ĺ޷²ֹƷ
ڵһ˲ը˿ĳصľϡ
һõĹͲĹĲҲԣܹͬʱȫǺԵĲࡣ
˵ԭŵĹܹڵɵоȫʮɵȫ
ȫİ˹·ߣЧ֮ǿǰĹܱȵġ
ԭ˵ܼصľϣȻʼҡҡ׹ʱ
æһɾȫʼ˾ϡ
һӵʱ䣬ϵʼı˳
һ˫ĿתĶųţȻͿϵϢ·ﵽһ֮ͬкɽһڶ
ڳֱӻһķ籩Ƭ֮䣬Ѿڶ
֮󣬳һһո˻ȥɴ۾βףǺ˳Ŀ쾳ء
С΢ţֱ˼飬ǴͷβҲȫţȻĲ
ƷȻİһ֮ͻƵأ
ҲܹµƷõֶһ־óڵУóŵԱƽʱЧʵĵصϡ
ǲµõҲܹõʵͿˣġ
ͨĸ־ѾǿˣȻҲÿ˭ȣȣƲûô
ǳƷȻˣֱ˼飬һþͻ⵽ϵķɣĻƷҲ⵽ش
ƷջԼľ񣬶һͨ˵õҲĵز񣬵ܹǿԼľ׾ٵһ
ȻҲΪűΪѾ۷壬ֻǲһѣƷṩô
ȻֲɣƾվͰ˵Ϊ
Żڸղŵĸ֮УľϲһһǴӷǱѧһмΪ˵õǹ֮󣬻˳Ǹļһ
Ȼڷİ֮£ȻһͻƵأ֮ǰζû뵽顣
黹ܼһȵĿųƷ
סղŵ˹·ߣ˵кôƷ˵
ţл磡
ޱȼڳƷȥϵɽ»𺣶ûˡ
ʱãƷ֮ǰ˵ģһܳ޽ܣƺҲһϣûˡ
û뵽ˣ㳤һ·ųƷʱضܼ֤һЩ˼漣
Ʒ˴ֵܡ
ʲôһɵĿųƷƺһҪһЩҪ󿴿˼
ܼ򵥣ղŴҲӦѾ˵˰ɣҪһºս޽ܣа취ս黹̫ˣǺּĸֵĽ־飬һ£ϣܹÿһʱιУΣƷЦţŰ˵Ϊ꣬ҿ԰κҹ۵ëǹƽɣ
ãʹľʹӦҪƷܹʲô漣


1170 𾪣
ȻѾأƺ֮ǰһˣʵϣͨ˵ɻر
˵Ѱ˿۷ԶĻôͨΰˡ
ͻƵأͻƵͨΰĿ˵ûκ
ƷҪһڣŴﵽɵĿ꣬ҲȤ
ô˵һˮ˵ָ顣
ǳƷĻȴĪһŵĸоǿô׵Ļ
̫ˣƷЦ˵ͷ
ŸǸмĿųƷΪ飬Ʒ붯һͨĸְԼιУǰûĴ
ӴҲӶѡ
ȻҲСˣƷ˵ţصƫԺӵУóֽʣֱӾֽдڻΪ㾫ڸҲü
һе뷭ۣͨΪȻڳƷĿ˵Ϊ㾫ֱǶҪϹ˺ô
뵽ƷǸĪ׵ľΪҲֻˡ
Ҫǹ⣬㹦ǼѨʱɵ⣬ջ֮ڲų֢״Ʒһдһ˵⵹Ҳʲô⣬Ҹѹ޸һ£ӦþͲֽһˣ
޸ˣô֪ʲô֪ҵ˹·ߣһڱסˣԾ˵
ǵúûаڹķ߳ƷʵȻκϵĲ֢Ϊѧڹʦеģʦͬ⣬Ȼǲ͸߱˵ġ
ǳƷȻ˵֪˹·ߣ޸Ĺ
⳹˰㣬飬һ۾ܹ˹·ߣϾ޸ģ
ôĲ
ôţƣôأ
ţƷǶһ۾ͿĹ
ȻʹӳƷùһҳֽȫһΪɨһۣѾȷˣûҪеǸһֲֱţƷֻǿ֣ȻܹƲôĶ
Ҿ˹·Ͻ޸ģҲͨĸ֣һ۾֪ˣ޸ļֱǼΪġ
ӸϽҹ󱳻۵⣬޸·ܹ֮оЧϡ
ҪСɣĹһһĴȱʦү޸ģѾ൱ĵزˣӵܼ޸Ҳ޴֣ΪܹԶԶʦүпܡ
˵Чɣ˰ٷ֮һǼΪѵõ飬Ʒ޸һ¾ͷɣ޸ȥ̥ǵĿԡ
ʵǰǲҲҪţ
ôˣѵҸĵĲôƷЩɻĿ˿˵
ǣ˵ľֻǿҳ֮󣬾ܹóôЩ˼ĿųƷôôأ
ʲô˲õģƷЦЦ˵
ⰲ𾪣Ѱ˵Ǹ漣ǶڳƷ˵ʵ̫ˣΪͱȰҪǿϺܶ࣬ǰܹõģټ̳˵ʵļ䣬۽֮ǰܱȵġ
ϵ⣬һѧһһڼּ򵥵һ񣬳ƷɵľͿ
ƷԽǾûʲô˲õģԽǸо˼飬ȷĹй¶ȥҪΪƷǿĹ
Ȼôһ޸ģ㣬Ƿǳ棬ȻҲȳƷô㿴һ۾ͿԼĹܹ޸Ҫĺá
ѵƷˣһƤϹﲻɣ
뵽һԼȫĸо
ȻûĻǾôˣԼӽ쿪ʼµ˹·߰˷Ϳˣδһ£ϹæιоͿˣƷ΢΢һЦ˵Ӧòð׹ɣ
Ȼ㣡
æ˵һΣ˵ռ˴ˣ֮е˸õĹ
Ŷˣҽһ飬µ飬ٹµˣصμ֮ᣡͻȻʲôһæ˵
ҪģΪϵĴɱ飬˾ͽˣֻί˵


1171 ȱǮ¶â
ЩִٵĿųƷ˲Ҫμᣬе㲻ò
ڴ֮ǰ˸һ㶼ʶƷĸ˾ͽ¶֪ķΧٹ㣬Ҳ뵽Ʒϡ
֮˾ͽȻ׳Ʒ϶û紫Եô򵥣ҲͲʲô
ʱ˾ͽȻƷˡ
ԭҲûʲôӴһŶѣųƷӶչֳ˲˼Ĳ֮УƷѾޱȵĸߴ
벻ͨƷôĹģ顣
£ɾͲڳƷǰˡ
аɣû⣡
Ʒ΢˶֮󣬾̴Ӧ
̫ˣϻȥظһ׼ʱǰ
ʱæ˵
ãƷ˵ͷ
ܿ뿪ˡ
ƷתͷԳ˵ţȻȥһΪһµʱ䣬һѵȻȻܹͨûʲô⣡
õģ磬һȥˣ
ŵ˵ͷȻ˵
֮󣬳ƷվƫԺ֮УһĴ˹˵һ飬δ·ڳƷ˵ѾǷǳˡ
һϵ壬Ȼ޸ˣΪȴûлָһʱ㹻ٶȻָһЩ
ҪȫָҪһȴҪָ
ҪǮƲſԣ
֮⣬гҪͻƵͨһµʱ䵱Ȼܿ޾ģǳƷԼҲ飬Ȼܴóܹˡ
м仹ҪܶĵҩټͨԪпóһתƣɹ漣
ȻеɣԳƷ۹ֶΣȻԽ֢ĥƽȻһΪҪͻƣҲԶԶûְշĿš
˼Ϊһ·ͻƵͨ۷˵ҪԶˣֻҪСһЩʲô⡣
ղŰ˾ͽµ룬ȻҪȥμᣬôȻٲ˵ģƷѾҪʲôˡ
ͬһöͨԪ
˾ͽѾ۷ΪʲôͨԪͻƽͨõء
ͨԪһͨǰ̣Ҳûˡ
ԼҪˣҪƵöͨԪҪĲƸ֧Ųп
찲ʮƷʯʱȼü֮ˣʵʲô
ֵεĵҩһƷʯͿһöѰƷĵҩ
ÿһǼ۸񲻷ƣ
ҲζţƷҪ취׬ǮˣһҪ̵ʱ׬Ǯ
ƷԺܹ֮뵽Ψһ취ˣм֣ⷽ˵ȻǼ졣
ҪҪ׬ǮҪҪŷȻҪͨʦЭĿˡ
֮һڴκ֮ҲͬеʦЭᣬκڵĵʦ϶ǵʦЭĳԱ
Ҫ뿿׬ǮõõʦЭϿɣֻҪͨ˵ʦЭʵĿˣпܵõ֤ڴκ֮вй
ǳƷԼ꣬ǰƵҩҪֹı֤
֮󣬳ƷҲͲ˷ʱ䣬СԺ֮У־ǿео޸
ĲڲϷͣͨ飬Ҳ͵һӷ֣Ȼƽʱʮֵ͵ķүҲΪǰ㣬޸֮
һ߲˳ԣ¸ʶˣƷ߱ǿսȻ˵ͨսô˵Ҳ쾳֮еٮٮߡ
ѾˣϾôӺѡ֮УҲֻгͳ޽˿ͨ
ǳƷԣҪһºóս޽ܵ飬Ƕ̶ʱʹȫ¡
Ѿƽ˵֮£
鶼óƷݺ˳޽ܵӣóƷ֣һΪ
ȻҲֻǾźڶѣ˶ԣһССĲС
ƷǿƳ֣Ҳó޽ܣɶʱ
źڣһĴլڣ޽ܵһȫһãΧΪѹ֡
ѵ飬Ծôȫɴţ˵ʱ򣬻ǣؿڶѵ߹ǣ۵ҧгݵġ
ȻôˣһˣǳҪ޽˵
ҪȻǳźү̫û֮ǰ˰˰ɣ֪ģ
ʱһɭɭĽ˵


1172 ֲ󣬻ʲôǳƷģ
˻Ҫô޽ֱӺǳ˵֮Ҳм⶯֪ܿܡ
ƷͳƽʱķΧźҲڴ֮л
˰˸ˣҪöԷڸƽ䱸ɭϵĴǺź֣֮ǵţƵĸֲõ쾳綼ÿˣҲͨϡ
۸¶µĺü뵽ǿܵļ۸ۣһͨɱڴɱˣֱӾͻҵǻδ𣬻ֱˡ
֪鲻ܡ
Ȳ˵벻Ķĸ֣ѵˣ֮ǰôˣ󲮺޵ľ飬ˣ޽̾ͺǳ˵
Ҳǣ֮ǰļȫɱֵϣź¶Դ˲Ҫ̫Уٳһ飬ٸɾҲûãֻҪɵͻᱻֱӷϳӺѡ˵ʸ
ȫĵź˶Դ˻жôŭ
ڳƷûпܴ׷ɱ֮ѣ붼ûģ𿴳Ʒһ߲˳ԺײУûͷĲҲʵֻͨҪͨûпѡ
ҿԵȣԼҪһºóսôʱ̨ϣ˵ʲô⣬Ǿ͹ֲˣ
޽˵
Ӣͬ˵
ڶһ磬ڶ¹䡣
Ժ֮УĳƷϹ˳¶أƷ΢΢һȫƤһ˵Ƶ𶯣һ˲䣬Щ¶ȫӳƷϱ˳ȥ
ƷվһϵķָһЩȻֻôһѣɽͼҲѰǬĶˡ
Ҫǣ֮󣬻ָٶȲǺ㶨ģǻԽԽ죡
΢һ緹֮󣬳žˣһϵУոͻƵľҲȫȹֻ黹ûлָƽ
磬Ѿ׹˾ˣŵ
ţƷԺܣǬһһƷʯܣóһ󷨡
һҲú֮󷨿ʼתŶʱоܵʼŨ
֮еѾŨˣźһ޴ķˮֶģŨֱ滹ҪŨʮ
ȻƷͨٿƷʯֱ֮źҪŨϡ
һС͵Ķ츣ˣ
˼Ҷ츣ԴԳõάŨȻƷõȻҲС͵Ķ츣صЧȴҪά֡
󷨣ŶʱԾĿųƷֻолҪصĶˣƺûʲôġ
ԺеٶȻҪ죬ȻⲻǻѣһºҪܻܳ޽ܣƾ̶ֳȵȻԶԶƷ˵
ƷԼһǺô󷨵ģΪиֱʽֱЩƷʯ֮еҪȡʯ֮еһԱȽ͵ķʽͷЩ
һֱɣЧʱͨתҪߵĶˣ߱˵ҲżߵҪѧƷķʽĻֻһ³Ǳ
ǺЩʯڷŵλãҲˣʯĹˣԼһˣƷ˵
ˣŵ˵ͷ
ûãһµİֳƫԺ֮⣬ո̤ƫԺ֮УʱоŨĶ컯ˡ
һֽˮ֮еĸо
󷨣
Ծ˵ţ׳ƷⲼõжôľˡ
źһˮ֮Уˮ֮УƷܹҵƾֵ㣬źֱ
Ҫ֪ڵŨɲΪƷµǼٿƷʯǲֻһӶѣЩʯµ󷨣ź֮еƫԺۼ
ĸˣܹóԭƫԺźķˮֵıԵشٵĵطڴȴ󷨵֮£ӿ¡
ֵطֱҪ°빦ˣȻ˵жôҪ
Щ棬Ʒ׻жٵı£֮ǰôһ߶ûء
󷨿ɲ־ܹģҪźˮ֮輦ǵöżΪпܡ


1173 һʦĳƷ
㷢֣Լ˽Խ࣬ԽǸоԼĺ˽Ʒܴû˽Ʒ
ž˵Ϊͨĸֶɱ¾ǰһĻ棬óһͻƵء
ֲµ󷨣Ŵʦˮ׼ɾʹźˮ֮нƣ
ⱾҪо˵˽⣬ƻˮ֣Ҳ⵽󷨱ķɡ
һоǱԲȻ
֪Щڼ̳˵ʼĳƷ˵ʲôóһóóҲǺ֮󷨳ɻʵȶóĽۡ
ʱľ磬ѧϰʲôǸݽ겣һͨͨ
ʼڲóҲԶԶЩ˵
ǵб׼ƷһʦҲû
ֽ輦󷨣ڳƷ˵Ǿ֮Ͷѣɾܹġ
ϣû˰ɣƷ˵
ûˣ
ŴӸղ󷨵֮Уعæ˵
ȥ֮һ£ȻճƷ޸ĹĹҹʱֵʹʧˡ
ðʱһʱһֱ취ϵڣڳƷİ֮£ڽˡ
ţǸ⣬ʵ⣬ڻ˵ȫˣ㳤һɵ˺һֱڣֻ֮ǰΪɲ󣬶ұΪֵܹסڲܱˣƷͷҸ㿪һҩշץҩ֮ڣӦԽ
лӣæ˵
ûʲôⲻ֮ǰ׵һ֣ôҸСιУκϵëƷ΢΢һЦ˵
û˵֪ģԵȣΪƷιУ˭ûУĲƺ˳Ʒȴûܹεˡ
ˣιаɣһ飬ҪȳˣƷ˵
ֻҪԣ
ƷĻʱóŵɫɹһţƷĻⲻðô
û⣡ٺһ£ŵ֮УŲЦݡ
ƷܿͳźȻǰ
ʦЭڴκ֮ҲǺպЭᣬڵʦãǿ߻ٶǷµʦ飬ҲõʦΪǵһȺ֮еһ
ǵʦǮǮƱΪֲ͸˸Сʦˡ
ƷϵʦЭʱ򣬵ʦЭѾɽ˺˳
Ʒžֱ˽ȥҵ˵ʦЭǰ̨Ա
ԱһʮģƯŮƷ˹㿪˵֪ʲô԰ģ
뿼ʦƷ˵
֪뿼ʲôƷʦŮʵ
뿼ʦƷ
Ҳ˽ˣ࣬κҲǷֳʦѧͽʦʦ⼸Σֻ֣ţʽĽײ㻮֡
׼ȷ˵ʦֵĲαԴڳŴǳŴֱӼ̳ߣ˫ܶϵҲһУһġ
ǸƯŮһƷĻʱһۣʱֱӿ˵ǲأ
ҶûĿǰһɫ۵ĹӸһۣЩӸ綼ôˣһ¶û¶
һԿʦӽԼˣ
ʱ䣬ʼǰ̨ʼżʣ
ҶҲ֪ԼͦƯģȻзЩӸһǰڨķһģһģҪʦ
ЩӸŶûиʦжôѿɣ
ѰѧͽѾѵˣһΪʽʦһȨ󶼻ϱ
ʦκǒW֮˾Ǽ˻ʵ۶Բݣ˵Ǹ߸ϣλ뵤Ҳˡ
֪£֪ǿǷЩ˵飬һţ˾ҪսľĴڣ
ӸȻһͲ֪ߵغҪʦ֪ҵģ֪Ҳģ
뵽ҶĲɵ÷һۡ
ƷҲ֪ҶеĲֻ˵֮󣬶Ů̬һ䵭
Ҳ֪Ķ
ûǲ㣬ҾʦģƷ˵
ҶļƷʱˣ˵κֻڵ۶ĵʦЭܻ֤ʦĿˣҪʦǲʲô


1174 Ŀˣϣ
ƷʱЩΣ֪ʦֻ֤ȥ۶һȫ֤һʦڣȻԴ
ʵЩͷۣ
ΪǺ͵۶һһ̫Զˣǵ˵ȫУٶȾͲԶˡ
ҶƲһ۳Ʒ룬ӵûиȻڨֱ͸ˡ
޴ӵǼ̫ˣƷҲ࣡
Ʒ˵Ҿ뿼˸߼ʦɣ
ҶһȻһѧӵܣֱӿ˵߰չأҪ뿼˸߼ʦǵҪһһϿ˵ģ֪ʲô𣿡
ƷһԭҲֻ˵ڻûп
Ҷһ룬Ȼӵܣһһ㶼ӵܣȻ߼ʦײβĴʦ֮⣬߼ʦѾѰܹļˡ
ЩÿһڸضǸ߸ϵĴһʲô
һʼͶԳƷ⣬ҶĶڳƷһʼûʲôɫԽԽóƷѹһӸǲġ
ԽҶľԽǲƷɫ
ĻҲû취ˣҶķһ˵
ȻӣҾʹʦѧͽʼ˰ɣһֱ߼ʦƷ룬ĻҪӡ
ʵϣҲûǳƷӣһҪһԿ߼ʦġ
Ǽ֮еĵҲһһĿģǳƷģûеģԲŻᱻҶΪǲ˵ġ
Ͼ֮ǰƷ˵Ҫ˴ʦأǾ͸ˡ
ǾͽһƷʯɣҶֱӿ˵
ô󣡡Ʒʱһ˵
֮УƷʯļ۸Ȼؽ֮ô󣬵һƷʯֻǿ˻һס
㲻ƭҰɣ
ҶļƷӣʱùǺܿͺװƣһƷʯɵ˰ɡ
һȨӵܣһƷʯļ۸ҲһǼĿ֧öˡ
ⱾͲǸһǲĵط
Ҷҧһһٵ˵˵Цˣ۵ģԼ
˵ţҶֱóһżĿӻѧͽʼĿ˼۸һֱ߼ʦɲҪһƷʯô
Ǹ߼ʦĿˣҪǧƷʯĿ˼ֻҪǧƷʯ
ܹҪ˸߼ʦ̶ȵʦһҲʮָԣģǮ
ҲǳƷͻıʣĻҲôˡ
Ʒ룬Ϳ˵ȷʵ󣬲࿼Σ۸൱ɹˣʦЭַȻĶࡣ
ãұƷ˵Ķɷѣ
Ҷı뿴Ʒ󣬿ûǮȵ뿪˭֪ƷȻ˫ĴӦ
ҪˣûϣһƷʯʹˮƯˣҶջ̲ס˵ȻӵܿȥͦģһƷʯһһӶ׬ĲƸ
ˣô˵ȻҵİգƷЩĿ࿴óȻ֪ΪʲôһʼҶĶܵӣȻ˵ŮҲûпȥôӡ
ƷһܵӣҶĸоԼǺı¿ηˡ
ɣͼɣһƷʯʱԼȥԺȥ
ʱôճ
ɣ
Ҷ˵˵ֱתͷˣҲƷһۡ
ƷǸҶĵȥһƷʯ֮󣬾ͱ˿
ʦѧͽĿ֮˺ܶ࣬ʼĿֻʮ꣬ٵʮģˣӦоС
ƷŲɵ棬˿ܴʱͲ뵤ʦѧͽĿˣ˵ȴڲμӵʦѧͽĿˡ
ÿһ˶пӱǿһŬѰ˶ҪŬȻûгɹ
ǳʦѧͽĿˣһ̨ǿ˻ͷ֮󣬾ܹԶпˣʱʾͿˣҶָһ̨˻˵
ЩӵĿһ۳Ʒӵܿ϶˻ûɣһϲͨȻ˷Ǯ
ԽԽһƷʯҪܹܶ׬һ۾գһµľóȥˣֱ̫ɶˡ
ǣƷûİֻ΢΢пһ£ֱӾ˿˻Աߵͷ˿ˣͷûһ˿һİɬ·Ѿʹù˻һ


1175 ĿˣУ
ҶЩסˣ뿴ƷģҲ߳ƷҪô˭֪ƷȻᳵ·ľͿ˿أȻͷһжôȻ
Щˣӵ֮ܺǰʶЩ̫һȻͷֵĺ׾ӣǺ沢ûΪôȡ
һƷʯ˵͸ˣ˻˵ҲãЩȻı˳ƷԲô򵥵
ڸղŰƷʱҶĲ֪˳Ʒ֣ȥҲ벻ļҵȨӵܽгƷġ
ϾڳƷֻǾź֮У˸֪ôһ˵Ĵڡ
Ҷĺܿͷ˼̽뷨ϾȻȵ۶ҲͬȨԼҲʶˡ
֪Ʒпǣȥô꣬˻һ仯ûУʵϣֿ˻˲Ǳˣǵʱˡ
ŵʵǿ𣬾˵ʶĻۺڽһϵ
˻ǵʷģԵʦѧͽп˵ģԽб׼ĿˣԽԼܶʱ䡣
󿼺˵Ľɿ˻УҲõĻʲô⣬ҲžЩ˺ֽҪЮ
ôȥˣ˻һĽûУ͵һģһҲɵóƷ΢΢п
Ʒͷ֮ܵĻȻһ䣬Ժ֮У֡
ЩֲǱģǿ˵Ŀ
һ⣺ֱһǻɽ̲ݡ
ţЩֵ·ͳ˼ҩݵͼ
Ʒ΢΢һЦЩ˵ʵ̫ˣΪеǳʦѧͽĿˣѾʦϵײ㣬ȻҲ̸ʲôѶȣֻѧͽѣҪ˻
ЩǵĹ򣬳Ʒô᲻֪ء
Ʒͨѡ˻ɽ̲ݵȷ𰸣Ȼܿ͵һ⣬ҲͬǱϲҩĿЩʦ˵ǻ
Щڼ̳˵ʼĳƷ˵飬ٵѡ񣬺ܿ죬ǧĿѾȫͨˡ
ĿֵٶȼֱͿ컯ӰˣһĵʦѧͽܲôתٶȣǳƷĹ̫ǿˣһҲϱ۾׽˲ɡ
еĿ뿴ѡѶȣ
ǧĿƷǻһӵʱ䣬Ѿͳͳˣʦѧͽ˵ȫˣʦѧͽҪǶԻ֪ʶյĿˣεʦ߱
ҶԱ߰ĵţʦĿǺģȻ˵ֻǧĿ䱳ǴĿ⡣
ⲻֻǻ˶ѣԽĿԽ̬ڻ֪ʶĿǼα
ܹΪʦˣ϶֪ʶԨһͿЩˣһƶ֪ʶ⡣
ΪѶܹ֮ʦˣڷëǣ˴ʮ꿪ʼʦѧͽʮҲûܿϸ߼ʦѧͽ˵ʦˡ
һѧͽ
ֿһ㶼Ҫܳʱ䣬ǧĿ˼ʱ䣬ʱ
ƫƫǳƷĽӴֻȴˣʦЭ֮УĽӴʵ̫ˡ
ʱȴƷͻȻһӰͷժ
Ҷһ㶣ôͽˣ
϶֪Ѷ˰ɣǮǰӴ˻ΣĶǿװ֪ʶû취װģǻᣬǲᡣ
ڲ֪Ҫ֪ѶˣƷʯôˮƯˡ
뵽ƷʯҶֻоԼ඼ڳ鴤ôӵ˷ˣĻھͿֱˡ
ҶЩǰ˵ˣ֪жô˰ɣ
ҶĴƷʱأͻȻڿ˻ϷһĻ֣ڹĻϼųƷһЩϢ
Ʒ
뿼˲Σʦѧͽ
˽
ҶĿŹĻϸֵЩʱȫĿɿڴЩɵۣţôܣƷȻһ֡
յʦЭĹһǧĿҲֻʮѣʵϾ㱳ٺãһҲٵĻȫԵ˺١
ȫԶõֵվеģвܹʮȫԵģһЩţǷ
ȫɵ۵ǣƷȻֻһӵʱ䣬ͽеĿˡ
һǧĿ˵Ʒ뿴ûκε˼ʱֱӾƾܾˣҿٶҲһĿʮвſԡ
ô̵ʱڣһʮ֮һĿûء


1176 Ŀˣ£
Ƕ̶һӵʱ֮ڣƷѾȫĿΪֲġ
Ҷĵһʱ伸ǻɻѾˣ϶ǻˣȻôóƷһӾȫĿ
Ҫ֪ڴ֮ǰҲһСʱʱ䣬ҲѾܴĺ䶯ȻֻǻѣȴҪģʦ֮леĻ
ˣͨ˰ɣƷ˵
ţ
ҶЩ±Ƶĵ˵ͷȻǺԸϣҲֻܳϣƷȷʵѾ˳ʦѧͽĿˡ
Ʒ¶ЦݣʱôЩᣬǿ˳ʦѧͽô
˼ʮСӶˣڲſʲôֵþȵġ
ȴҲòϣڳƷʼЩĿ࿴ˣӵܿûԼԭΪô֪޴
Ȼ˵е˺СͿˣڸСʱڽܼΪϿѵˣߵ·ͨҲѳֱӱȽϡ
ҾͼˣƷ˵
㻹˰ȥѶȸˣͬһǧ⣬Ѷ˺üˣ
ҶĲɵ˵
ⲻʲôƷ΢΢һЦ˵
Ʒô֣ҶҲֻܷ˷ۣ˵ʦѧͽǿӲҲܹĻôмʦѧͽǾͲǹ⿿Ӳܹͨˡ
䱳ڳʦѧͽѶҪмϣҪǣҪĿˡ
ȻֻǺܼ򵥵ļֵҩĿˣȴѾȴˡ
ӳʦѧͽмʦѧͽм˻ʮһⶼǳ
ȻС˳ƷڳƷ˵ĿûʲôѶȣһǧĿѵĿѡķΧʦѧͽ˵ʱҪ˺üѶȼֱǳּα
ڳƷ˵ûʲôѶȣȻ뿴𣬲һӵĹѾͳͳ˿ˡ
֮ǰͬǣû̽ƷһΣѾһ֮С
ҪĿʾƻȼֺܻĵҩ˻ݿɶ֡
ֹһӵʱ䣬һΣҶĲû֮ͬǰǰģڴƷܹ漣
ڣƷҲûʧʱ䣬ֱͷҶæ˹ȥһûֱ˵Ʒ϶ǿǰˡ
ղűƷ÷ݺݴһڻоЩء
ȻڳƷժͷ󲻾ã˻һĻ֡
Ʒ
뿼˲Σмʦѧͽ
˽
ּ֣֣
ҶĶʱ˼ĵɴһ˫ѹͲţƷȻһ֡
ֱǲ˼漣
Ҫ֪мʦѧͽĿ˳˱شֽĿ֮⣬ʵʵˡ
ǸǧĿԣѾˣȳʦѧͽĿѶҪ˼ϣƷȻһʧûС
׵ǣƷַȻһʧûУʱƿأﵽĵزпܵõ֡
Ϊ֮нȻҲģҲصȵҩУ϶ַͨƿصȵС
ƷȻһʧûУôܣ
ʦˣҲһʧûУֻǷǳĵҩ
һ˵ֶַֻͬһ£ĵҩЧвҲֲͬʦʵķʽ
ƷȻǷ켫ˡ
ûˣˣҾͼˣƷͷһֵĿˡ
һΣҶĸɴ΢ֹһ³Ʒ뷨ûˣΣƷʵ֮ǰ뷨жôĴƷΪӵܣֻԼǮڨ
Ʒȷȷʵʵӵп˵ȨԳο˵˵ƷԲˣֳɼʮ־ˡ
ȫͨʦѧͽĿ˰ɣɲҶĲô룬֮ǰΣƷȫͨ˿ˣҲ֤ˣƷǵ֪֮ĸ˴еĺӵء
ƷʮӣֻҲ൱İգĻ¾Ҫһ¼䶯һʱˡ
һȫֵļ¼һɿ˵ļ¼
ȫĻҲǿǰˣǰҲδ˵ܹﵽزܲǱҲŹ
ں˼֮УʱܿٹȥٶȻعʱȴֳƷѾ˿ˡ
˻ϷĹĻʾ֣һ֣
ƷȻˣᣡ


1177 ǰ޹˺ߵĳɼ
Ĵᣡ
ʦѧͽĿȫֿϵģ⻹ǵһΣ
ҶĲ֪ǰûйˣǺȻУҲԲǳƷô𺳣ΪдˣҲһ֮οˡ
¼ܾܿ۷ˡ
֪ʲôʱ˵ΧѾΧԭڲμӿԣ߸ӴԱ
ƷܳΪˢ¼¼ĴᣬȻһʼ˵ʱ򣬲û˵⣬ΪҶæԼˡ
Ǻܿ죬Ʒߵ˵ע⡣
֣
ּ֣
֣
ᣡ
Щʦѧͽ۵ͳͳ˼ɫųƷ
ôܹأ
ҲͬǿߣҲеѶжٵġ
ֱǸ漣
ΣⱾǲ˼飬˵ÿζˣ
Ƕڿ˻Ϥܶ˶ǵһοˣ־Ҳǳľˣʦ֪ʶĿ˼ֱһ̬ĵز
ȵĻĲ֣˵ȫ˻˵ǴֻǼðˣǲȻһʧûУΪµġ
ʦһвб׼̣ǱϾ˲ǲǻʲôʱҩݣʲôʵȵȣȫҪƾžжϵġ
ЩƷȻһⶼûУ
֪˻ǼҪΪ˻϶ˣȻôô׵Ľ
ڣһϮ۵ĳƷǵУ·һ
ô֣ȫ֣
һֶѾˣôȫ֣
ѵǹôȻһʧûУ
ʲôУô֮ǰû˵
Сĵ۷׷
ǳƷأ̵֣ʱˢ˴飬Ǻܿ촫ʦЭķֻᡣ
ڳΪ˵Ľ㣬ƷҲѾϰˣ벻⣬ֻǵĶҶ˵뿼ʽʦȥɣ
Ʒֿ֪˻ֻǸ𿼺ʦѧͽӦûһָӸ߼Ŀ˻ܹʦŶԡ
Ʒղɨһۣûпָ߼Ŀ˻֪Ŀ˵ص㲢
Ŷã
ҶȫڻعģڸղųƷȡ֮ϣ񲻿˼顣
֪ƷôģȻһʼжϣ϶о޴Ĵġ
ƷԲһΪ˺ڨ˷ǮӵܣҪʦģˮƽΣӴܹеġ
ǺȻ֣ĳɼѾܺõ˵һС
κ˶֪Ҫ߼ʦѧͽǽң䱳ʮ⣬ǷΧ֮㣬ѾĻ֪ʶȫǵˣ˽⵽ޣǲͨģοͨ
ʱҶ뵽˳ƷʱǸ󻰣һֱӿʦǸʱֱǲ֪ߵغĿ
Ȼ˴ɼףƷĻҪпŶȵĶˣ벻˵ǲ֪ߵغ
˵пܿʦ
Ҷ뵽ܿҡҡͷ뷨˦Ժ֮УôܣǿǴʦκûмĴڡ
Ƿëǣ˻ʵ۶ҪĴȨﶼҪϹϾķΪϱЩĸϰʮˣٿƷͣܡ
뵽ҶĸоԼùˣȻĽӴ֮³һʦоԼֱӱ
ʲôȻҪһʽʦųƷҶ뿪ӰŷӦʱͬը˹һ׷ײ˼˵
ɣѾһʦѧͽˣ¼ǰûУδǧҲܹƵˣѵǴ㴴һܱƵļ¼ô˾˵
ڣƷĿʱҲʲôˣһο˶ʱ򣬳ƷѾεĿˡ
ڻҪʦ汻ˣܾͻᴴԺûкܹɵļ¼
Ⲣ˵ǾõûܹȳƷˮƽˣЩʦѵܱذһΣֻΪƵƷļ¼ô
ߣߣߣȥһˣܾһȫµļ¼
ʲôҲˣȿ˵
ҲܹСʦ˵Ѷȣ϶ͷѪģ
أͻȻ뵽ʲô˵
ѵôǸųƵ۶һĵŰʤҲҪǴһĵŽһϸô񶨵ıԵʱڽ죡


1178 ʦЭ᳤
ȷʵģڴκ֮Уµĵţһǵ۶İʤ棬һǴ֮еĽһһΪ
дʦ˵˶δΪʦǱò˶ʱ䣡
һʱ䣬˶룡
Ϊ£ֶͬһ֮г֮ͣڱһȿϳʦѧͽҾȿмʦѧͽ
˫ڸ֮нҲһˡ
ڽҪʽʦʱ򣬰ʤȴϵҲʾҪʽʦҶԽսԳʦĿΪݡ
һʱ䣬˫ĶԾҲǣ˵Ŀ⣬ʦ֮ж˺ܴĲΪߴδ
ڿԤδ˺ܻܿΪʦǰ;
ʦЭᣬ᳤ֻİ칫֮УһԼĪʮµӣһʦۣǰļ
˲ǱˣʦЭǷ᳤ֻײ£ΪǷֻĻ᳤ÿҪͱĻҪ̫ˡ
½ĵӣʽʦ˵ʱҲûȥۿ
ڴط۷СϤҲýĳɾ͡
ĵӣĵǽģϾ֮еĵԶ۶֮ôŨң۶֮идʦʹʦ֮ĲҲԼ
£ȴһ۶ĵӣδǺϣΪʦҲοƽˡ
ȻⱲʦĵȴΪʦ
ײºʵʵ缸ϳʦˣǱѹסˣϵĥƽǣϵĴʵ
ʦ⣬ؼʲôĳɼȥٵĶǸ۶Űʤ棬ҲûеĹ
Ϊ˲ѹҲûȥͣϾʤʦҲûֳȥˣһʤˣᱻ˵ʩ˶ѹ
Ȼ˵ǹƨʦĹҪٺʹⲻʤö٣ôѹ޷ˣδ߶Զ
վԿη
أһ󼱴ٵĽŲȴһĸߴ˽
쳤ϣôˣײͷû̧ǾѾ³˵ݣʦЭĳϣ쳤ϡ
᳤㿴
쳤æݸ˿ײһļ
ôˣʲôļôײЩ֣Ҫ֪쳤Ͽɲһëˡ
᳤㿴ˣ쳤鼤˵
ײ¼쳤ôʱҲ˼ֺ棬ļһһ˫Щǵ۾ͻȻһ
Ʒһ֮ϳʦѧͽмʦѧͽ߼ʦѧͽ
ǿײ»ûʲôֵģ˵ʵ֮ǰһֱѹŽμӿˣٲμӣҲһ֮еĿˡ
ⲻʲôã־ٶѹǻȡ裬ˢʲô¼ˡ
֣νˢ˸ּ¼Щмߵ
Щߵˣǽ̤ʵأһһӡˡ
ʮӣȻʵѾһٶˣֻͨΪѣʦҲȻǿߣĶɣⱲӼ̫ˣҲ
ǿΪ𣬿ɲΪųɳǿߵĵزʱزۣľ֣ش֮بų档
ԳƷΪѹǻȡ裬ȻӦòǳƷԼľٶӦʦİš
ײ֪Щŵ˾ϲְϷ۳Ʒôģһ֮϶һǿŵ֧֡
֪̫ˣκһŵ𣬱Ǵһһɾ޴֧֣ʲôҰţǸڵġ
ȥ֮󣬶ʱƷȫ֡
ȫ֣ҲЩȻĵҲûҲǵһ֣ڶܻЩ覴á
ЩС覴ʵ֮ⲻҲں⣬պơ
֣³ȥҲ˵ԼܹٷְԲ
ǵײڿƷõʱʱ򣬶ʱףҲز
ʲôЦֻ˰ʱǸܵ顣
һðʱǷǳˣʱֱǿЦ
˻ˣһǿ˻ˡ


1179 ȡ裿߲ƣ
ײµԺ֮еһӦǣ϶ǿ˻ˣȻôܻô׵ͳơ
һ£ҪڰʱеĿ˵ĻҪʲôžǲ˼еĲ趼ǲ˼Լٶɡ
Ҳǲ˼ľеĲ裬Ψ˲п
ֺ֮ǰֳɼгͻˣҲûа취ڲ˼еĿ˵ˣÿһ趼Ҫǿİѿأ׼ȷ룬ְѿظǲ˼ɵġ
ƹΣγֱܣ߾ԶԶʦп
ЩôǵЩȫӵһʱ򣬾͸ˡ
ûУ˻û⣿ǲǳˣʱײüֱʵ
᳤¶˼ֿЦ飬Ϊ׻᳤ڻʲôΪӵıʱ򣬵һӦҲȫţʲôЦֱڸЦòá
Щôò˼顣
һʱȥ˶һ飬֣Ȼ飬ҿ˻Ҳûл
εģΪûܹģָܹмĵط˭֪˼ҾȻˡ
˵֮ǰĸͲԡ
쳤ϿЦһ£˵ҸղѾһ¿˻û⣬ҿ˻ôʹҲû˵ʲô⣬һ˲õˣ
ҴӸղͨӰʯ¼ĻӦҲǵһνӴ˻ˣƲĳ󵤵ŵĴˣһγƾΪһ˰ɣ쳤Ʋ˵
ײµ˵ͷ˵ҲеʵϣҲһˣҪҲ벻ƷµأҲҪõȨ֧֣ܹ˳չ׳
вٵĵŶѡԼĵַͨʽһڶ죬Ҳİ취ʲôŻҪء
Ӧˣײüͷ壬ϲַʽ̫ƫˡ
˵ڿ˸߼ʦѧͽ֮󣬾Ҫʦڰʤ׼ԣûпǳŽһģ᳤˵ԼĲ²⡣
ײµɫҲЩѿҲûпܣʤͽǽκȵĵţڽһս֮УƷܹ˳˵ĻȫϾͻ롣
ֻҪԸ⣬ܹܿΪҫ۵ĵǣ
Ȼõһ£ʵδûֿܣûнͲ
Խ룬ײԽǾóƷ϶б
ȻƷĿģӦþҪŴκŵļˡ
ߣߣȥҵҪƣǺηʥ
ײһ˵
ʱʽʦĿ˳֮УѾۼˣʦЩһʦЭ־ĳۣ׷׽ĿͶ˳еˡ
һԼĪŶʮģӣһ峤ۣȳڣֻվޱȵţܹ˵ע⡣
һߣһԼĪŶʮģŮӣһϮտɫĳȹ͹µĹյķ
ڳңңԣԭܹͬʱʮһͬ˵ʽʦ˳֮Уֻʣˡ
Ҫʽʦĸ߼ʦѧͽ׷׽뿼˵ڸˣΪ˱ܿ˵ķͷ
˭֪˳꣬Ҳš
˶˵ʽʦʵֻǲԸ׳ԣҪΪĳɼʽʦҲ˱ƴһݡ
ھ˵ľս֮գʱ֣ҲֻΪ˱ƴڻҡ
Ͼһ׷ǺϸĳɼͿˣֻҪϸͿԳΪʽʦһɹ֤ᷢ޴ı仯
ʦѧͽʦҲֻһ֮ңȴһĲ࣬ʦѧͽǸ߼ʦѧͽֻڴ֮окܶ࣬ʽʦʮ֮һÿһʽʦǸϱ
ͻƵһ̿ʼͻɹΪһӡ
ֻǺϸɼͨҲֵһˣȻ˲ͬ˶Ϊ˾󾫵ĳɼģĿֱָһ
һ𿼺ˣֻᱻ˶ݱܷâ
ʱеֻˣ
ܿ죬ԭĿֻͣϵͻȻʼɧ
˿ʼСĽ
ʲôȫ֣᣿
ôܣʲôͷô˴ᣡ
Цɣ˵ȫʱ仹ûгʱڸҿЦ
Ⱥ֮ɧɧķΧԽԽ


1180 ˵Ŀɿڴ
һ߿Ⱥ֮еɧҲԽԽǿˣǿҵڳжŵ˶˲̫Ծ
ܿ죬Ǿ֪Ķˣȴһµ˴˽
ԣһŮӣԶһȺͬ˽
˵ĿҲ䵽Щ˵ϣǺܿˣǸͷ۵꣬ӦþǸոջ˴Ǹˡ
Ҳᰡ
ȷʵᣬҲǶʮӣ
һô
ڵһһˣ
Ʒ߽˳Уŷ֣Ѿɽ˺ˣڳУƺҲֻҪ뿼һ

ҶľһͻȻ˽ʤͽҪｻֵ顣
˵ȫǱƷľ˱ָŵˡ
ڲ˰ʤͽ֮ıȶ
ҪҪǸһɣҶСĵ˵Ȼ֮ҪȶͳƷһ¡
˶뿼˵ʱ䣬ȻΪòˣҲ֪֮便˭һЩ
Ʒ֪Ȼ飬漴˵ˣͽ죬ûôʱ䣡
Ʒʱܽÿһ춼Ҫƺãûôʱ˷
˵ļƻƨ£
ƷĻҶ϶˱Ƚϵ˼ˣʤͽͷȻܴ󣬵ǴӽƷڵϵĳɾͲҪ
пܣƷѡڽǳġ
Ʒ֪Ҷĵ뷨϶Цãûѡʱ䣬ǸɵˣҲ֪ʤͽ˭
˵֪Ҳ⣬ûһϸµ뷨˿ƷԺһϸ£ȻڳƷ˸һϸ£Ҳûһϸµ˼
Ʒ˽ȥʤǰ˵ʲôˣ֪ﱻô
Ŷҵǲ֪ʦȻ˷껹ᱻ˰Ʒһֱۣһ̨߼˻ǰ
㡭ʤһʱ֮Ի־棬˿رܣöѣǲ˾Ͳͬһ֮пˡ
ʱеҲ˴ԱСųƷǡ
˶Щ𺳵Ŀ˳ƷᣬҲûеĳɼȻǲǳƷжôǻȥҲкܴϣᡣ
Ʒû뿼ˣų֣һ˶ѡ
ԭҲм̣
֪ԭίİʤǰƲһ۳Ʒ˵
Ϊʲô˲𣬻ҲֻܹǲԸôȡѣ
һߣҲͬƵĿųƷͬҲΪƷѡʱǡ
ԴˣƷǻҲͲˣοѹû͡
Ʒ΢΢һᡣ
أȺɧʦЭǵķ᳤ֻײ´˽
᳤ôҲˣ
᳤Ҳˣ
һζԾҲǲ򵥰
۷׷ףҲͬĿɿڴΪ֮ǰʦ˵ʦǾԲ֣Ϊ۶ĳЩһһЩѱ
ȴˣȻΪԼ飬ֻΪͻȻֵļһ
ԿʼôǲʼҾԼʼˣƷֱ˵õʱ䣬ûνһϸµ뷨ǲĵĲ²ѡ
ײԳƷĻЩϲҲûж˵ʲôֱ˵ҾҲýţԿʼˣ
ʤͽҲܿվһ̨߼˻ǰ
˼ͬʱͽ˿˵״̬ûж˵һϻ
˿˵Ŀռ֮󣬳Ʒŷ֣Щ˵ĿٵѶȴ˺ܶ࣬ΪЩ˵ѾӿͼʶҩֻתˣҪдЩҩĵľ幦ЧԴ伸ֵҩȵȣѶȺ͸߼ʦѧͽȣֱ˷츲صı仯
ͬն
ʦѧͽⱲӶ߼ʦеѶǳʼα
Ȼ˵һ⣬ȻڳƷ˵Ҳ̸ʲô£ƷܹҲԶԶ˻ⷶΧ
ڴ֮󣬺ܿ죬͵Ļ⣬߼ʦѧͽ˵ʦƵĵҩѶ˺üʮ֮ࡣ
ЩʵɵĻͲ֪Ҫʱ䣬ˣڸ߼˻֮УȴԿٵɡ
Ҳǵʵ쿼˻ĸĿڡ
ʱƣһʱʱĿת֮жɹ˶ʼЩʱ򣬳ƷͻȻժ˿˻ͷ
˶ɴ۾ˣ


1181 һ֣ŵս
һڵȴĿײҲ˲佫Ŀɨ˹һʱʱѣƷѾȫˣ
֮ͬǰʦѧͽӣһ˵ٶɣ
Ȼûã߼˻Ͼͳ˹ĻĻϼ¼ųƷĳɼ
֣һ֣
ʱȫһƬȻ
ּ֣֣
ЩųƷˣҲû뵽ڿ˳ʦʱ򣬳ƷȻҲܹԾ˵ٶɣ֣һ֡
ѵһô
߼˻ǻ˰ɣ
֮УȻȿ꣡
ȫըˣ֮ǰõİʤͽ˾ȻǶ֣׵׵Ļܡ
ʤѾֳˣ֮Ҳ֣ͬΣٶϣѾȳƷֹһˡ
Ŀ֮·ģ׵Ŀԣ
һΣײºԱߵ쳤϶Щסˣ໥һۣȻ֡
֮ǰԤϵļֱشˣƷʵԶлҪǿǿҲֻһ㡣
Լĵӵ˽⣬϶ûôܹɵģʤĲֹһˡ
֮ǰײ»ỳɸ߼˻ˣˣʲôЦ߼˻ˣѵ֮ǰĿ˻Ҳô
ΨһĿܣǳƷȷʵʵ
ϷԸȥ鵽ƷǺηʥײһָоƷʵԲֻˣټ֮ǰõϢƷȻ뿼߼ʦڿûֿܡ
汻ˣҪԼƽƽˣ
뵽ײ¾ͼе֪ƷǺηʥ
ŵ
쳤æ˵
ƷŹĻϼصĳɼĵ˵ͷû˱˽߼˻ˣҲȻġ
漴Ʒ˵ѾˣҿԼмʦĿô
ٶȻȻѵƷһ·ϸ߼ʦɣһ֮ѾʦѧͽʦڻҪмʦ
ȻʱѾû˸ƶ˵Ʒûӵʵ
Щ˷ܡ
֮ǰĿ˶ǿڿ˻֮ɣмʦҪʵģʱǾͿԿôģôٶģ

ǽ֤һ漣
ԳƷ룬ײֱӿ˵ȱżмʦĿҪʵȥ׼õĵطпҪҩĵȵȣҪʱ䣡
ã
Ʒ˵ͷ
ײǰһ˵мʦĿ˲ڽбԣֱӿǰ漸ֵĿˣЩѾû壬ʱҪ漴׼õĵ֮гȡһţȡһţͨмʦˣ
ˣƷ˵ͷһؿ˵ľʦٳӦÿһֵҩ֮ǰģҲÿһĵҩ֮ǰƹʱľǻˡ
ˡð֪Сʲôҿײ½ι˵ʦʶײֱʵ֪ƷʲôͷԳƷֳˮƽڻȲδò˶ʱҲȼ磬Խ
ҲѹҽƷ
ɣһпѧɲţƷȻ˵
Ʒô˵ײ¶ˣɣѧɲţƭ˭ء
ʦһ߻ҪԲǹƥܹĳɾͣƭء
ƷԸ˵ҲֻˣиȷһҪƷĵϸ
ֹ˰ʱ֮󣬽еĿˣͬһʱ䣬ʤҲѾеĿˣ˲Լͬժͷ漴ͿѾ˿˵ĳƷʱɫһ䡣
վٶˣ
漴ǾͿԼĳɼ˵ĳɼƽ㣬˵϶¶ЦݣӵˮƽѾȺܶƵʦҪĶˣҲǴǵˮƽ
漴ǾͿ˳ƷĳɼȻ֣
ô֣ⲻܣ
ʤһţֻ㣬ƷȻ֡
ͬ˿֪ѶжΪˣܿȡֱ֣ڿЦ
˻϶ǿ˻ˣʤ治ԼôˣҲܻԼ
ʱٿЩʧ̬İʤ棬ɵмֲÿ顣
Ǻܶ඼ǵʦЭˣʱ鲻ơ
Ҳ˼飬˵ˣƷȻҪſмʦʱһ
ҲҪ뿼мʦ
ԣҲҪ뿼мʦƷҲҽս


1182 ޴ôģ
žȻҲҪмʦĿˣʱһƬȻ
Ȼ˶ǱƷĳɼ̼ˣһΰ˳ƷϣģҪƷսһ֡
ͬըһ㡣
ѵѾгΪмʦʵô
᲻̫ǿˣ
̫ˣһν氡
ҪʷˣֵһĻ
ڳƷһ֮Ļϣսͷ˸ǾýûаҺˣȻĻֱ̫ϧˡ
֣
ײµһӦǺ֣ⲻʲô飬ʤҲͬģ֪ٱһֻ˶᲻ġ
ײҲֻĬˣ
Ʒ԰ʤıʣҲֻǵһЦ˵㣡
Ʒ벻⣬ûнðʤŭǳıӡ
ܿ죬мʦ˵ĳؾѾ׼ˣ˺ܿתƵǸ޴֮С
֮У޴¯ֲĸ
ƽʱҲѰʹõģΪܹʦˣʦѧͽֻ֮мٵһ֣ȥмʦģ͸Ƿëˡ
һ¯ѾǴ´ˣԱ֮УŸָҩġ
ֻҪҪҩģﶼܹҵҲͬ͹˴ʦЭӴ
ЩҩҪѼɹͲ֪ҪѶʱˡ
ܿ죬ײ¾ͶһϣŵֽǼ¼һſõĵ
˾ҪЩ֮ѡһ
֮Уʤܿʹгȡһţһдţ
üͷһ壬ӵֵҩҪǰԹ߼ӿָٶȡ
ԵһԵĵҩѵһЩͨĻ˵ЧҪϺüȻǶԹ˵ġ
ξͽҲһţ˿ǳ̷֮ڰʱ֮ڣһͬģҩЧȥʱ֮ڣ״̬
ȻһЩ֢Ч˵Ȼʮֲġ
ЩʦЭѼзĽܹġ
ֵ˳ƷƷȡһţдĳ絤ֳ絤ܹڰʱ֮ڼӿһٶȣֻͬģһ̶ȵĺ֢
˫ƴһսʱΣͷȴܹġ
еĵǳֵҳƷ֣ȻҪĵҩԼµĲ裬ȴûиϸݡ
ȻҪ˵ˮƽˣΪ޷ǾǻʱգȷʱǾǧٴεʵ֮
ľڣûеĻʣľʦͶİˡ
ˣѾȡ˵ˣͿʼɣײֱ˵
ʤɫеѿķʽʣǳԼĻͻȻе嶯ٿ˳Ʒνı֮󣬶ʱŭա
Ʒ˵֮󣬿һۣȻأֱӽȻʼԱ߳ҩĵķ俪ʼҩ
ôѾ˾ˣײ²ɵЩȻʱʤͽ˻ڿŵ˼İ취
Ͼ˿ͻ᳹ʧˣҲмʦѵĵط
ƷŴݵӣ·ʲôѲסһҩ֮󣬾Ϳʼȼ¯ʼ
˴ʱŸоֱǴ۽磬ƷĶûκζĵطֻǼ򵥵Ķȴ֮ʵĶȻһָɴС
ƷǵУ
ײϾʶ˳Ʒǵ֮Ķɴû˼Ķֵεʦ֮Уֱǲ˼顣
ƷôͿʼ˶ʤͽҲԸ̫࣬æʼֻǺͳƷˮһģȣ˾СĶˣеĲ趼Ҫ֮󣬲Żᶯ֡
ʱһһĹȥŲǹȥ˴룬أͻȻһ޴ıը𣬽˾ֻʤĵ¯һξ޴ıը¯ھҵ𶯡
ʤһ˼飡
ʧˣôʧˣʤŭɶ϶ǶֽţȻôܻʧܣ
ʤ޷Լʧܣŭ
ĻҲڳ˷׷ŭĿӣ˵Ƕֽţⲻٴǵô
޴ôģأڴʱƷȴͻȻ˵


1183 ¯
˵ʲôƷĻʤ̶ŭĿӣûа취ԼȻʧˡ
˵޴Ʒվ˵
ܣôĵܳ϶ֽţʤأԲš
ҲˣɵҡҡͷͰʤ潻ҲһˣǻǵһοʤȻôʧ̬ҲǣŰʤŻûôҵʱɣҲЩ棬Ʒô˵
ܼ򵥣ƵĻӵĻʱ̫ˣ¶̫ߣ棬̺ǿĻȫˣ
Ʒ
ʤʱɫһףΪ˳Ʒ˵ģڼݵʱȷʵԥ˺ܾãžݵʱ䣬ûãֱըˡ
޷ܣԼȻֵط
ƷЦһʤţЩҩƵıѰƵʦҪãǶǸеĹͲеġ
ֻ˵ʴӱԶˣ
мʦĿˣֻһŵûо岽͸עʱʵʦľ顣
鲻־Ϳֲ˵ģ
ϵʦһ۵žƲĲ裬Ƕʦ˵ЩץϹˡ
ڼ̳˵ʼĳƷ˾˵һ۵ҩܹƳƵḶ́õĲϵȵȣҪ
ʤ޷ţһֱԼʵҪмʦҲ׾ٵģʵϣһЩмʦƵĵҩԶˮƽ
ʱһԵĿײ²ɵҡҡͷʤڻףʦмʦ֮Ĳ࣬ʵˮƽΡ
˶ţⷽʳڣˮƽһЩмʦҪǿΨһĲǾˡ
鲻츳ֲܹģΨһİ취ջ۵ӡ
ȻǳƷղһֱڿųƷȷƷûʤͽȻҲͲܿʤӳ˻ݡ
ôҲ˵Ʒܿƾ辭֪ܳ
֪ĶˮƽҲﲻǴ˵еĴʦпܡ
漴ҡҡͷƷż꣬ôƾḻľ飬ΨһԽ͵ľǣƷ֮ǰƹ
ֵҩȻ㳣Ƕںܶ˵ȴҲȫô룬;úˡ
˳Ʒôһ˵ʱȻ򣬽ۼģ϶ûһͨˣΪʦǴºصҵзͬһ˽ġ
ûȻܹµó
ֹǲµó㿴ôƶ϶ӣȷ֪ʲô⣡
̫ˣ
۷׷ףʤɫҰףʧǣûзΪʧˣƷͽҲܳɹ޷һ㣬һ⡣
ԣҶɹˣҲһɹˣ
ʤҧгݵ˵
ʱԽǵ棬ĶԽСĽҪϸÿһ
֮෴ǳƷ붼룬ֱӾˡ
ʱҲЩڣǿ˲ŷԶԶĻҪӣжϣۺʵֱ֡
ȣƷĶ̫ˣ˵ǿĻôƷȻ֮࣬ǰĸᣬʵļޡ
ʵҲûаհʤϣķߣҲûʧը¯Ʒ͸˵ͷβûһǰҪʧܵĸо
еĶǹʮ㡣
һΰʤվԹߵĽǶȿţԽԽľһʼܼᶨƷ϶װģʵǵѾȫ޻˵ˡ
Ʒͽĵҩͬʱˣڶһҩζ
ܿ죬ҩͳ¯ˣ
һ˵״̬ȫͬģƷֻһֱھĵȴ¯һж֮Уг
󺹣еˣ·ոմսһ
ڳĶʦֿжôѣû˻ȥЦֻǼΪȻĿųƷ
ڰʤ棬Ѿڽˡ
ײ½ҩõԱ߼ĻϽм⣬ֻ֮мⵤҩĻ֮ͬ
ܿ죬ҲˣڹĻ֮ʾ˳
ȳǽļϸ
ɵһѾ߾ȫˣô˵㲻ǰʤʧˡ
Ʒĳɼ֮ɵС΢š
ƷļȻ
ʱһƬȻȻ֮ǰѾµˣǵ濴ƷĳɼȻʱ˻ը˹


1184 ĸ߼ʦ
мʦĿˣȻҲܹͨ
ǲһģǰʤ棬ǽͳƷһĴڣ
ôֲļһ״ðģ
ըˣһԵİʤ濴ͷ󺹣ʱѱҲܹóԼͳƷ֮Ĳ֮࣬
аܹ׷ϵϣǶڳƷѾˣɿмʦĿˣ˵Ʒʵڴ֮ϡ
漴뵽ûпܣƷ֮ܿǰ͸պѾ֪Ҳûпܵġ
ʱмʦĿˣĺܿġ
϶ã֮ǰѾʤ˵ͼŤת档
һԣײ²ɵʧҡҡͷڣʤȻͼҥĨڣοƷƹҲ
ȻҲʵһ֡
ˣҼܳȥúѣ
ײº˵ðʤȥ˵ã˻Ϊʲôɹĵط
Աߵ쳤ϺܿͰѰʤ˳ȥ
˿ŶޱȽ⼸ʤ֮󣬲Ҫ̫ţָ߸ϵ̬ȣ˿ޱᣬ֮󣬾Ȼôġ
˵㻹㿼߼ʦʱײ˻𺳵ʱͻȻ˵
ʲô߼ʦ
˶𺳵ĿųƷ׻ȻȻ߼ʦǴʦôϡ٣ҲͬѾǸ߸ϵĴڣҪ֪ڴ֮еĵʦЭ᳤ֻǸ߼ʦ
Ψһһ߼ʦ
ײѾһٶˣȻƷżꣿ
ڿԽôƷ˵
۵͸ˡ
ȻҪ߼ʦ
ѹһֱ޿ֵģԭĵ
ӵʵǾͿԽˣΪʲô֮ǰĿԶ˵ôˣ
ò׻ָһЩʱЩĿɿڴĿųƷǿһмʦ˵ǽ߾ȫˡ
ԼʵЩҵزڿмʦٻһҩܹɹ
ڸ߼ʦ붼ģʦײµĻ˵ʮ֮ڶҪ顣
ȻڳƷȻҪս߼ʦȫͺһϵĴڡ
ɵ˵⵽Ķðһ
Щ֮УֻҶǷǳ򶨵ģ𾪵ˣɵһԽиͷҲ̫ûʶ˰ɣҪ֪Ʒ֮ǰҪʦĺðɡ
ﲻܿʦĻ˵ʦҲҪһ֤ˣ
Ѿȫ֮ǰƷŵʲôˡ
ãȻҪ˸߼ʦһǼ𿼺˰ɣ
ײ˵
ǲ֪Ʒʲô·ѾϿ˳ƷʵСǺԼͬĴڡ
ڿײµԱߣʱѾۼ˼ʦЭĳϣô飬˻Э֮егϡ
˵Ĺ£ʱǼ˻óһöҩԳҲţҲԿͨһеֶΣжϳҩõҩģдƵķͲ裬еҩĹЧûб׶˵ȵȣ
ײ˵
Ҳ߼ʦ̫ϡٴ󲿷˶֪ԭ߼ʦȻôģֱ̬
һʾûеĵҩȻҪƳеϢöڵҩϤʲôزܹѹôǵʦЭҲֻһײ´ﵽز
û⣡
Ʒ붼룬ֱ˵
Ϊ˼ڹƽóĵҩֻҪͿˣ
ײ˵һ˵ֻҪѶҲˡ
ԣʼɣ
Ʒ
ײµתȥ׼ˡ
ܿ죬˸óһöҩ˳Ʒǰ
Ҹҿ϶Щҩ϶֪κһֵҩ϶Ǿ˸ˣ
Ҳ̫ˣЩҩĵҩЩԼ˽ĵҩҪϹèҲˣ
Ʒͨˣ
۷׷֮ʣײ˵ѡһʼԣͨ˿ˣ
ãǾȴ㿪ʼɣ
Ʒֱӿһֵ곤ϣ˼Ǹҩ˵ҩҩ㣬һؿϵƣǰɣӦǳĸ֣
е
ϵ˵ͷ˵
ӣɲҽ˺ܴĸĵƵĻ϶ǲԵģ


1185 ǵڶ߼ʦ
϶ԼĸʮֵģҲóƷһ۾ܹó
ĸʵϣʦڽУ׼ǴҩЧͳɱƽɱģζĳԲС
Щ˾ǲǮƴ֣Щ˾ҪҩЧɱ޹ʹϾܶҪõʱкܶѹǵͷˡ
ûв´ĻӦ޵ѪҺɣƷ˵޵ѪҺȷʵܹЧһϣ
Ҳһַǳޣձ鶼ϵľ磬ͨĴڣʮǿһȺˡ
۾ʱɴ󣬳ƷֻǿһۣûȻܹжϳͨҩζжϳ
Ǻܿ侲˵ӻǲģ
⵱Ȼǲģ
Ʒ˵
ûв´Ļ޵ѪҺʱӦ˴ʮϢҵʱ䣬ƳģӦһƷ
Ʒ٩٩̸˶ϣ֪Ʒ˵ĵ׶Իǲԡ
ûӮˣ
ҲֻܳϣԭԸϣǳƷ޵ѪҺʮϢܹƲĳҪٶ˵ô
ȥҲֻԼΣ
ΪƷܿϾȻ˵ǷƷʵϣҩЧҪһЧҪһЩġ
Ҳҵİɣ
쳤óһöɫĵҩƷƷҲһԺ֮ҩĵ֣Ʒֱ˳˵Ӧľٽľϵߵ˾ݣѲݡ
Ʒһ˵ʮõĵҩ쳤Ҳ¶˼Ϊ飬Ʒֻһҩ㣬ȻܹȫƼһ
ע⵽Ʒ˳ʵʱҩĵ˳Ҳ˵ƷѾ˳㽫ʱ˳˵һ㶼·Ʒʱ򣬾Աߣҩһ
ľʵģľĵʵͬ
ǳƷҲѶȵ˵ˣɼһиûܹѵסƷ
뵽һУֻое㷢
һĳԣƷЦ˵ôҪҼ˵ȥô
ˣҳϣӮˣ
쳤ϿЦ˵ƷȻܹϸľ岽趼˵ǳƷû˵Ǹܡ
ϾľҲ˺ܳʱ䣬ûľ͸֮ˡ
ЩмĿ˿ƷЩЩʦ
ģҪ֪ľƷˣɵЩʧ֪Щҩݣûκô
˵ĺͻȻҲʦЭĹ򣬳ƷֻҪͿԳΪ߼ʦѾˣֻҪٴһͿ˳Ϊ߼ʦˡ
˶Ϣ񣬷׷׿˳Ʒ֪ѡʣĸˡ
˶ǣƷȻѡʦЭĻ᳤ײ¡
Ʒߵ˿ײµǰײҲеĿųƷΪ֮УˮƽߵģȻҪѶҲߵģƷȴѡս
ȻѡңǾɣҩʲôõģ
ײµϣһöڵҩ裬ɢŵҩ㡣
ûв´ĻӦһöⶾɣƷһڣֱ˵
һöⶾǽʲôҩĽⶾأײ¿ųƷЦЦ˵
ϣиָĶҩΪĻеģ˵෱࣬Ҳ˵˸ָĽⶾ
еĽⶾǿԽ󲿷ֵĶصģЩרһֶصġ
ûв´ĻӦǶܵĶĽҩɣƷ룬˵
ŶײµɫȻˣһˣĽⶾҩǲģƷȻֻһ¾ܹжϳ
ΪʲôǶܵĶ
Ʒ˶٣˵Ѳ£ĶҳȺӳĵطһմȾһ㣬ĽͨĸһСҲ˵˵Ĳɣ
ӦҲܹжϵɰɣײ˵
Ϊ֪ܵĶֻһַɽ⣬Լŵ˶ܵζˣȻҲѲˣ
Ʒʮ˵
㲻ü˵ˣӮˣϿȷʵи߼ʦʵˣײֱ˵


1186 ʷĸ߼ʦ
ƷЦЦĿһۿײ£ȻײҲԸ˵ȥϾֽⶾò׿ģƷ˵ȥһжǻ˵á
ƷûʵþԻеģ
ΪˣŲóƷ˵ȥƷȻѾӵӵʵǼΪȥûʲôˡ
֪ƷǺηʥҪ֪˸߼ʦʱ򣬿սսģòײͨ˿ˡ
ҲǿһûرѱʶĵҩȻĻҲˡ
ǳƷӣ׾ٵľеĿˡ
ʣµҲüˣƷѾȻҪˡ
˲仩ȻˣٲȻǿһ漣Լǰ
߼ʦȻĿ˸߼ʦӦýʲôʦô
һ·նʲôʱǴκ֮УȻôһˣ
ٶȣҪòܳΪʦҲò˶˰ɣ
˻Ȼˡ
Ⱥ֮еҶҲǳɵˣȻ֮ǰѾЩԤˣȻƷΪ˸߼ʦ֮󣬻һֲʵĸо
֪ĸ߼ʦˡ
ûйһĸ߼ʦ˵˵ˡ
˵һ֮УƷǸſײ뿪ǰȡԼĸ߼ʦ֤
ҪɵǼǣʱκ֮жԲѯݡ
ȻЩɱƷֻҪĵȴͿˡ
СΪ˵ʵҲδţ
ڴ֮еȴˣײֱӿ˵
Ʒ΢΢һЦǿΪ𣬺ȻʵѾÿײ²Сˣʵϣײ»̫С˳ƷΪĳƷʵļޣȴԶԶֻһѡ
׻᳤ˣ
Ʒ
ײȷʵСƷ߼ʦڴκЭϵ֮УǿԳΪһط᳤ֻģܲĻҲԵγϣλȨأҳƷôᣬûܹΪʦǸʱȨλ֮ˡ
δ̳СǴôײ˵
ŶʵźҵˣƷǵ˵
ЩҲʲôܣʱҲᱻ˱ԳƷҲ
ԭѫ֮󣡡ײ»Ȼ˵ѫڴκϵ֮УӵżߵĵλͬʱҲӵ˸ǿ
̸ѫ֮Ҳǳҵһ˶ѣƷ벻˵ǸƷݺźѾԶˣ˵ˡ
ƷԸԳΪײµǾúԳƷڵĵϵĳɾͣź򶼿ƽƽźƽཻ
һźļ˶˵һҫǶԳƷ˵ʲôδҪǳƷܹΪʦǵλҪź֮ϣǼԺյүƽƽ
ǵˣӦеĽ
ˣСѿͨԼԪӡǣµĻԼʱϵ
ײ˵
֮Уûָն˵ͨŹߣȴΪⷢչһϵһͨǿ֮ϵĸֶͨһԪӡǽУʵǧﴫ
ĵ绰Ҳ;ͬ顣
ã
Ʒóͨһʱ䣬Ҳֻ˳һˣ⻹ǵڶء
ܿ죬ڼ˿ײ֮󲻾ã쳤ϾѾһӦ֤һƳɵӣдŸ߼ʦƷ
ʦЭƵƣʦЭַƶɣûܹð䣬Ҳû˸ð䣬⵽ʦЭ׷ɱ
Ʒ֮󣬿ײ»ƷһԶٷҪ£δţƷȴЩûʲôȤֱӾܾˡ
ڳƷ뿪֮󲻾ãײ¶쳤˵ȥ飬Ʒһϣţ
ղųƷҲֻ˵Լźźôһͨ˶ѣҪǣ֪źһҲûʲôϵƷţôֻһֿܣƷ϶иָ㡣
ܾܿһʦ
㲻ЩײеʳѰĸо
ͷһ֦Ʒ뿪ʦЭᣬûֱӻź
ֱ˳һҩһ֣ⵤҩһϣǸַҩĵ̣Ʒһһ߿ܿλڽֽǵķн֮С
⽫ȫµһʼ


1187 
һҼķн飬Ϊ֣˶ѯܿһģӣæǰڵ˵֪λӣҪأⷿأ
ǴⷿӣƷ˵Ҳ֪Լڴ֮дãͲˡ
Ȼⷿӣҿɲðһ䣬ʲô;أסҵ÷ӣƷһԣæڵĵˮ˵
Ҫһ̣ҩ֣Ʒ˵ҪԴ
˲ǣæЦ˵֮ǰŸո㽫ԼķȥأҲһǵʦ洫ҵһûʲô£ûˣڷӶҪȥˣҪҴȥ
ȥƷ
ϣ֪ӹգСĵĿһ۳ƷµҵܻԹɫȻƷֻǱһ΢õ㣬Ҳ̸϶ôĸûʣһһУһˣһǸ߸ϵĴþˣȻһֲŭС
ٿƷͣȻֻƷ϶ǴߴĺӵܣȻҲһЩС˼
Ǹ㷿нģȻʲô˿Կһѣʲô˲Կӡ
ȻƷֲɫȴŭ˾־ǲĴ
ճƷ
ԭǳӣϽͿˣϽæ˵
һ˵ţһ߽Ʒ˵ҩһϣʽĵҩˢˢĿһϣַǷһǲǣɷ˴С
ÿ϶żΪǿҵϢһֱܹĳЩߣҲѰߣһǵѪ
ЩÿһǴӵɽ֮йģ϶źŨҵѪ֮ͨǿǻ᱾ܵԭЩˡ
һϵⲻƷ˵
ɲôⵤҩһĶǸָĵҩЩѪӶ֮ϲˣϽæ˵
Ʒ˵ͷҪҩĵطҰ޴ĵطҩܶʱһǳƷӵоԵʵĻ͵ÿҩ
ܿ죬Ʒ͸Ͻ˽ֽǵһǰֻǺΧֵĵȣһҵλڴ룬λüãȴûжˣһưܵĸоŶбб·ʱܻһ
ƷЩ֣ĵλôɡ
Ͻǧźȣˣⷿˣ
ûһȴһӰ˷ţƷһһԼĪʮģӣֻǿΪǣϵ·Ҳܾöûϴˣ꣬ΪǷϡ
Ͻô㣡
ǸӿϽЩȻ˵
ղ˵ʲôⷿӣ
ǹˣԸˣϽæʹɫ˵
˵ʲô˭֪ҵùȻҵķӣȶʱ˵
ô˵ϽɵβѣԱߣƷҲЦЦĿһУȻ̵λ÷ǳãͬģ϶Ҳд⡣
Ͻ֮ǰȴһУ˭֪ȴǸֱͣӾ˵˳ˡ
ϽҲ˳ƷЦЦ飬ȻС˼ˣֻ˵ӣ治ҵλҲˣȷʵһһĺãԼʦԺҪģ
ȴûи˵ôõķҪ⣬бԭɣƷֱ˵ȻһЩ鷳Ҹǰۣǲ֪ôô
ƷϽʱоһɿֲѹ̩ͬɽѹһѹʱûˣһУҲһЩûһ˵ѹôֲġ
ֻǿһۣȻһ׹ߵĸо
ϢŭС˲ԣнҿһǮҪȷʵǶõģûбõˣϽҧһһٵ˵
λӣҲΪϽˣҲҪҲŻӣҪ͹Ұɣֱӿ˵һҪɱҪӡ
û뵽ͻԸ񣬾ȻΪ߲嵶ƷһϽϵƣ뵽˸ߺ־ĻҲΪԼ߲嵶ɡ
˵˵ɣӵʲô⣿


1188 鷳
ȻλҪⷿӵģǾ͸ҽɣȿһ۳Ʒ˵
Ʒ˽ȥϽںಽҲǱƷˣٶ˵ʲôˡ
˵һǼΪҵĳּӣӵһƬ
·ǾһĴһ
ǿƷһŻɾӣ֮ſ˵ӣҲˣӣ
յ˵ˣλúܺãѵĵҩܲˣƷ˵ԼƲ⣬ҲûпܣҪ֪ЩӶĸǵѪ֮ˣЩƢ꣬һԲϾͿܰε
ֳ棬ƷĶˣҲͼֲˡ
Ȼģֱ˵
أʱϽҲ˵ʵȵĸĸһǲʦˣ￪ҵ꣬Ҳ¡ԴСǰҲܵȸĸĶݣԲҪһѣǴҪӵģ
ƷƲһۣҲûӣΪѳͷķϣҿʱŹ㣬ƽϣ
лӣлӣ
Ͻæ˵Ǻҵ괫֮󣬾˱仯ҲûʲôǺһҩ֮һˣ⿪һҵҩ̣ΪλúܺãҪ˭֪һҲǾƢǲ˫ͽˣľƤ鷳ö֮ҵҲûˣ
Ͻ˵ţ¶˼ֿЦ˵ʵ֮ǰҲҪ򣬵ǵʼ۵ģˣеĻˣƣ˭Ǻԣ
һǲǸģ棬˵ʦЭᶼйϵҿӦҲһӦ޾ģ
Ͻ˵ſһ۳Ʒ³Ʒ̷ŭǿɾˣ˵ףȻóƷӲãǵ׻ǿһѳƷĵ̡
ȸĸжҲðôķա
㵹ǻм
ƷЦһ˵
ǳˣΪʲôλôãȴôԭΪأ꣬ʣҪǸˡ
һ˿ܻǲǸ棬ȴûʲôµġ
Ǹ治Ҳˣҳͺúýʰһ٣Ͻһ㿴ˣƷеΪʲôĺӵܣΪԼʵˡ
ϵƷԼʵָҲϵһº޽ܵһս˵˾ͽµ
νǹϵش˭ʱǾѰ·ˡ
ӣҲҪ㣬ǸɲöԸ¿кֵܶģ֪񻹺ͨĸϵһͷﶼǲȿһ۳Ʒԥһ£˵
ϽʱżҪȾ̫ˣۿųƷҪˣƫƫҪô˵
ãҾȡԸҪˣʲôģ־ˣҾ֪Ϊʲôô죡Ʒֱվ˵
ҵǮһ£
ȵ˵ͷ˵ҵλúܺãȻڱҾӪĿ쵹ˣҸ˵⣬Ҳǵ⣬Ҫ޵ĻһǧƷʯһ£
ãһģƷ˵Ը˵һļˡ
ȻΪִ֣ǳƷȴϲ˴򽻵ΪˣۣǻϽ𣬳ƷҪˡ
̫ˣϽԱҲ˷ܵ˵ԼķȥҪˡ
ˣӣҪúʰһ£ƷֱӽһһƷʯȡ
ΪСڼ䣬ƷԼһ˿Ԫ֪ȵϣܣܵĺҲûá
û⣡֮˾Ķˡ
ˣûйɣƷ
ţ˵֮ǰڵ飬ڵˣҲûˣ
ɣҹӶ㣬֣һһǧƷʯƷ˵Ը⣿
ȶʱɴ۾Ϊ̫ˣ෴ʵ̫ˣһǧƷʯǰһµĴҲ൱
ҵȻԸ⣡æ˵ϲɫһһˡ
УӣȽɨɾ
Ʒ
Ҫȥأȴһߴδ˽
ӴǣȻȵĵ̣СӣҲү˵˭⣡


1189 ѵ
ⷿӻûأ鷳ˣ
ƷЦһ˵
Ȼϵ鷳ţû뵽ôˣȻǸ涢ĺܽȵĹͷҲǹӲģǲͷ
ȻҲȲƷˣ
ƷҲ£ڿҲǲòˡ
ܣ鷳Ѿˡ
ƷŤͷһһԼĪĿӣļΪߴ󣬿һͷһ
СҪꣿɱû㣬ʱʲôĻǾͱˣ
вƷ˵
ƷƲһۣڹ㣬ĻԸ
ӴǣүͷһοһҪŵˣ˶ʱЦɲǼ䣬֮֮ɫȻһĴ֣ݺݳųƷ
أ
ֺݺĵ˳ƷϣһǸδ󺺣ֱĵһ档
ĳƷ˿Ǹ󺺷һҽУˣֱ۾ȻѪĴ
Ǹ󺺲ŵĿųƷղų˶ֻԼ
Ȼȷʵû֣Ƿ֮ô˵Ҳܴزֱֱ۷ˡ
ʱ򣬳Ʒֱץ˲֮ϵĲ豭Ȼ͵һ˳ȥ
أ
ǸӦһƺߣֻоһɾݺݵ䵽ϣ˲䵹˳ȥ
ƷһȣǸ󺺾Ѿֱײţݺ䵽˵ϣ˲ҽвѡ
ؿڣ˹һš
һеķֻɲǼ˲䣬Ѿˡ
ȺϽ˻ûзӦðȲڷӦ˹Ǹ󺺵ӣֻޱȵ˷ܣȻԶ֡
ܹЩ˱ݺݽѵһ٣ֻоޱȵʹ죬ˣԭһúọ̃ȴӣҪ˵ﲻޣǸܵġ
Ǻܶʱûκλֵֻƾһţ䵽زҲԸɿڣò
ڳƷݺݽѵһ٣ݺݳһڶ
ȵʹ죬ϽֻǸоޱȵ𾪣ǸҲ֪һЩһǿĴ֣ΪҲǷǳߵģҲ߶εĴڣ︽š
Ȼĸ־ȻƷһ豭ҳˣֱˡ
漴ȻˣƷǲ֪ļѫ֮ЩĸûмõԴΪһЩҲ
ҿҲȻһµˣܹһδǰȻǲҪĵġ
ƷһѾһţ˵ŻÿԻһµģ
漴ͶǸһŵĴ󺺣˵ȥǸӴ仰ˣҪǲˣʱ򣬾ܿԴ˹Ǹʱҿɾûô˵ˣ
˵꣬Ʒֶ˵ʰһ£Ҳһ¿ҵ
Ʒ˵꣬Ѿʧ˽β
һз̫ˣЩ·еĸоǰɷһ˶оҪϢˣƺڳƷǰʲô
ֵܣӽԺǷˣԺɲҪϸң
Ͻȵļ˵
ȿһϽǰ̫ϲϽԲǲô˵ϽȷʵΪϣһ
ϽҲȵ˼Ҳϣı̬ȣֻЦЦ뿪ˡ
ƷصźƫԺ֮еʱѾˣû뵽Ȼûߡ
ſ˳Ʒֱǿһ˹ֻǿΪǱڣһһġ
磬ǻˣٲûˣ
żֱҪ޳ˡ
ʲôޣ㲻Ʋһ۳˵Ӻɷ඼ܲˣ㻹ôͨ˵һˣҶķ
ôңžͿҪˣģŮħͷϵĥ
Ҳ뷴Ҳ壬ȻΪԶˣÿ뷴ᱻѹ
ŸոճΪصϲһӾͶʧӰˣ쾳̫ͨԶˣͷβȫȫǱѹ
ڿƷڻˣֱǿһˡ
ƷӣɵЦ˳۹ȻóֻƤ˶ѣ쾳˵Ƥ˯һͿȬˣʲô
ˣԵ㾭飬ԵɲУƷֱ˵ˣҵĵҩҪˣпյĻȥ


1190 µ꿪
û⣡æؿڣһţؿڴʱѾһƬˡ
Ȼû֣ýѵʱ򣬻Ǻĳˣࡣ
ԼҲ֪ջܴ󣬰ȻˣǶ˵һɽֹһĴڣǺܶͨս˼·᳹С
ЩɶǻǮ򲻵ľ顣
ðɣҲɣ֮˵
ʲôʱһҵҩˣʵ
ող˵棬㵽ˣƻֿɿƷһЦ˵ûΪ鷳˿Ķݡ
ȻƷַֽˡ
ϲˣ˵ţֿ˿㣬˵ҾȻȥˣҵûȥú
е˰ˡ
뿪֮󣬳ƷɵЦЦ˵Ǳˣ
ⶼˣһָͷƲƲ˵ôԼЧӦñҺòŶԣ
Ʒ˰һۣ˵һûĻ
ûգ
ûһڿˮǺȻʵҲ̫˰ɣæµ˲ֻһðɣԼҲæġ
㻹ƲƲ죬û˵Ϊ֮ǰ˳Ʒøһ¡
Ҳͦˬģ͸ҵһɳƵãᡣ
ܿ죬Ҳ뿪ˣƷֿʼ˱չ֮Уոտ˸߼ʦνһ䶯
ԼȻûԾ˵ʲôûлָʵĸҪ
ʵĲϻָڷٵļӿ졣
չ˵ʱǵ֮Уʼ˹顣
ĵӵ˵ڶ߼ʦ
ȻʦĵλʦǺʣҲѾǵϵ֮еĶʦҲֻһ֮ˡ
һһҲһѣھȻ˵ڶ
ڴе˵һܴ𶯣ǶںܶҪ˵Ƕһѡ
ϾҪ뵽߼ʦʱ򲻶࣬һˣǷǳҪˡ
ֻΪƷҪײ±ܵĹϵȻڿഫôһ˵ĴڣʵϣûжƷֻеʱڳЩ˼Ʒѡ
󲿷ֻ˵֪ôһ˵Ĵڣ飬ȫˡ
ǸͿ˸߼ʦˣ˵Ȼһԡ
䣬µһŵһƺڰ
Ʒһ¾֮ľ»ָһЩʵĻָָһ
һ磬Ʒ˵ҩһϣȻʱ仹磬Ѿɽ˺֮ˣ൤ҩſڸոһţȴѾõӶŲɹ
һϵĴɨѾȫȻһ£ĴҲѾȫµġ
һ˴ɨһҹȴǾȣ൱˷ܣһ㶼ûƣӡ
үˣ
죬ȶԳƷѾȫһƺ
Ʒ˵ͷɵòԺ齻ҲԼһЩҩ
ˣ˵
ˣ㾭Ӫҩ̣ӦԼҩĵĽɣƷʵ
ţȻеģ
ȵ˵ͷ˵
ҵһ»Ὺһҩĵ嵥㾡Ѽ룡ƷʱѾܵ˲ĵطĻֻҪϹҸӣܿͻ˽Ҫҩ
֮УЩȻҪ鷳Ķˡ
ˣȥ죡ȵү£Ը϶ưոݵģȻ鷳ҪСһ㣡
ƷֻЦЦ˵ҾãЩ鷳һԽʡԴԴϵ鷳
үϵܹ㣬ֻ²öԸСĵһ³Ʒ˵
û£ңЩ㶼̫ģȻƽ
Ʒ˰˵
Ʒôһ˵Ҳ֪Ʒģ֪ηˣƷһ豭ͽǸҳˣġ
ˣү֮ǰҲһЩҩֻΪĹϵ꿪ȥó䳡棬ΣͻȻ뵽ʲô˵
ԣƷͷ
ܿ죬Ⱦȥ׼ҩϹˣ֮󣬳ŵһϵˡ
磬㿪ĵ갡λͦõģ˽һ֮˵
ѾһЩڿڻǿտҲӣҲû߽
ţԺҪԺҲҪ߽ѵӺ棬һܴĺԺ㹻ˣƷ
Ʒ䣬һɫӰľ˽ȴǰ˭ء


1191 Ҳ磿һ߲У
￪ꣿ㿴һ˵һֵǼõģû뵽Ȼܹһ棡
棬Сڴгһļֵˡ
£Ӧǲۻ߳ŶԣֻҪ΢׵ʦ򣬾Ͳⲻá
Ȼûа׳Եͣе鷳ҪƷЦЦ˵
һת̾뵽ʲô˵˵ǸֿԿɣ
㷴Ӧܿ죡Ʒ
ٺһЦ˵ǿɲǲ֪˭Եˣֱǵ˰˱ӵùˣ
˲ƷĵϸŶ֪Ʒĵϸ֪ܳƷǿͨĸ֣ǾжǿžͲ֪ˡ
ֻǱܵľóƷӦñȳͳ޽ҪǿҲֻǱǿһЩĸ
ֻаۿƷ׾ٵĻɱ˴ֵܵġ
ʱŴֵܵʬȥ͵ʱ򣬻һ䶯ײеļһǴκͨϵˣȴûʲôܹκεǡ
һȴ˳Ʒϣȫһֱ£
Ʒֱɲ⣬˵ֳܱҪǿʲôǲѰ·ô
ƷЦžͽ˵ˡ
ҴСܣ϶ưոݣʱɲдֿԿôƷЦЦ˵
ԭǸʵ̫Եˣŷ߷߲ƽ˵˵ԣһǻѪ
ΣǸ¾ҪߵˣҲƷ˭ʱǸûֵϧȻһοҪߵһʯˡ
˼˵أϵȺʼɧţȴһ󼱴ٵĽŲƬ̼ĹһȺɷĴ󺺳˵ſڡ
໥һۣ֪Ҫˡ
ʱȴһӰ˽һԼĪʮµӣӣ޳˫ϸмĸо
ҵҪ˭Ȼôţ˿˳Ʒˣ漴ܿĿ˳ƷˡɣӺܴʲô·˵˵
Ʒе⣬ˣԷȻûһԲϾͶ֣ȻҲǹСĽģ֪黹ôŵĹ£Ҫô֪ηҪô̡
ǰߣǾͺðˣֱӴǺߵĻͲò֣һЩˡ
д̫࣬Сһ㣬ֻ֪ôġ
ʲô·ҲǣȻˣǾãҿԸ㣬ҵˣԺжԶԶĻͱҲˣƷ
ãããǹŵģһţ
ҧгݵ˵
һ³вǵȨȷûгƷһѾȷˣƷһԼмʵȴ֪ߵغ
ȻĽιһ㶼ʶ
ˣҾҪúɽǣ֪ϲÿ¶Թܵģһ
֮˸ź˵ɱ⣬жڳƷɱ⣬ֱӽƷˣٺۡ
Щ󺺣ʱӦ˽Ҫֱӿʼҵ꣬ЩҲǸľ񣬾Ȼ֣ÿһΪ򵥡
ţ㶯ˣȫҴֽӳȥƷ˵
ѾԾԾˣֱӺ˳ȥЩȻ֣ǳֻһأأﵲסصĸ֡
һʱ䣬ͻɽһ㣬ֱӺ˽ȥһ֮ͽЩ󺺴Ľڽڰˡ
Сӣа֣ŭ˲䳯ųƷ˹
ȫͷ˳ȻҲһͨĸ֣ЩһֱصĺܺãҲûк˶֣Ȼû֪ȻҲһͨĸ֡
ڳƷԱߵİԾԾҪ֣ǼƷûз
ֻ˫ֻ˫צ棬·ıһ˫ӥצһ㣬ųƷҪץ˹˵ҪƷҪ
Ʒֻ΢΢ζĹȫգĹΧж󣬵ȴһֱץƷӰ
ʱҲʶˣһˣʱһ֣֣
Ļ䣬һɸӿֲ档
Ʒ벻⣬ֻǰԼĽ࣬һ棬Ȼ͵һ˳ȥ
أ
ʱһҽУ˲䵹˳ȥһѪ˲Ѫꡣ
˶ɵˣһз̫ˣղŻϷ棬ȻƷһ߲С


1192 º
Ʒֵٶ̫죬ҲзӦʱ䣬Ҳû뵽ԼǽһѣֶԸƷԼһƷ߲ˡ
ְ죬Ʒ½ǶǳƷֻҪһţҪ
˫Ĳ֮ӹɣ
ҲⳬսˣֻһԵİѾϰˣʵֵܲԶˡ
ֱֵܶӸˣοˣ
ʱһӰһĸߴӣ˽ʱмŭӵ飬ող׼֣Ʒֱһ߲ˡ
װƵĹ򣬾Ѿˡ
ʱߵսѾڵҩһϵӶˣЩһ⣬ȫڵѪսңҲȴԶһ㿴ѡ
ƷǸɴһţҲ˶ʱһݣֻƾһţ㹻ǽҵԲǵ
Ͼ֮д󲿷Ҳֻ쾳磬ͨͬǷëǣͨƷһ߲Уﻹҷ
Ǹ˭ô£ͷðͷȻ˵һǿʦȻҲһǿߣȻʵϲÿһʦܹͨһżġ
ڿǸĸߴʱ򣬲ɵþ
Ǹսǰô
ϳ
ʱ˶Ϣ񣬼ЩڵѪĴڣսǰʱȻǻ˱ᡣ
ԭܼ򵥣Ϊսǰеһɣĸ֣սǰս˳İɣսǰպա
սǰиƣк֣һΪѾͨ
ѫƼĴͨĸȻǾԲǵĴڡ
ֿˣ
϶¶˼ζЦݡ
սǰȷʵǣȻҲǵ֮ͨĸһž߲ˣѰô
ȻҲһ򵥵˫һ𣬾ͳеһϷˣ
ѣô£δе̫˰ɣǸųƷݺݵ˵
̫ˣƷЦһҪ˵ʲôôҪ͹͹
Űǲսǰ￩ųƷȻĽƷŵսǰĶ棬սǰҲûʲôϵǲò˵Ƥ컹ʮֺõġ
ΣΣƷ΢΢һЦ
ԱߣʱһƷѹڶԳƷ׾ٵɱ˴ֵܵʵսǰֻ»治ܹŵס
ǴˣȻ֪սǰһЩ飬Ҳ֪սǰİȷʵʮ˵ãȨˣȫսǰĴڡ
ǿΪ𣬲ЩѫǿߣЩǿ߸ÿһڴκӵмӰĴڡ
ƷȻǱŴģҲЩ棬ԳƷźֻҪźĴ죬սǰҲҪ˱ᡣ
սǰʵǿ󣬵Ҫ˵ΪС¾ͺźȨϣҲʵοһ
ƷӣûҪݣǶԼžԵİɡ
սǰŵˣó棬һƷʯҹȥˣΣһ۳ƷʨӴ󿪿˵
ҿǮˣƷֱ˵
ãããǾƲԳԷˣǾͱҲˣ
Цһȫͷ˳ʱס˳еˣµ̩ɽѹһͷ˳ȻҪǳųƷȥģΧҲֲֿܹܵѹ
˰㱾Ҳͨĸ֣Ӱ֮⣬ǵѪʬɽѪ֮дЩӶҲѹסˡ
ͨ죬ֱֲΣ
οʵ֮ǰʵǿѾͿͨأʵԶԶʤһͨ
ͨʵôŶʱоȫ·ѹ˺һѹ˵쾳ֵѹֻǾѹĻͨĸѾܹѹʵʻԲֻǾѹ
ŵȫһȣֱ糤ǹ̳֮ƣǳƷ֮ǰһǹ
ǹһǰһУƿһѹѹǴ̳һǹҲһ̯˵ϣĸ֣ҲֻЩˡ


1193 һƳ
ȻʱſޱޱȵǱЩӶǿȴǾ׵ģȻǱͼѣȻⶼ׵׵ѹ
Сͻϻ㣬ҪɱǣֻܱԹɱ
˫ʵѾĵزˣ޷
ǲʮĽĿųţͨĸҲ¸һȭǳΪһǿߵģǿߵĲĺЭľ
ģĺ˵ɱ˾ɱˣǺǿʵϣǿǸûлȭֻܹԹԳˣԶҲ߲Զ
ƷҲЩĿųţҲû뵽ܹƿѹѹ
ǿ֮ģƷ΢΢ͷıֺ⣬ǿʲôûлȭⱲҲܳΪһǿߡ
Щ˵ľȣǲΪȻģֻƿѹѹʲô
Ҫ֪ڳʱͨˣǲΪ
֣ͨûù
ͨʱն
ҪʵҲҪǸ
һԿҲʮ־ףΪʲôƷôسˣҲֻԼΪô顣
ƿѹѹ˵ǲֵһС£Ŀȫ˳Ʒϡ
ƷϿһ˿һĲһѰһȫǾһ㷨ûеͨˣһȴ߲ͨ档
ĿһУȻΪƷֻһͨˣƷһϻˡ
ԼʵҲС˳Ʒ
أˣܳƷʲô·Ƚ˵սǰһôܹǼɵĲܶˡ
䣡
ֲƲ֮ǰɢȫȫųƷѹ˹
ǹǰ࣬ƷҲǱһ㡣
һڳâ˲նɲǼ䣬䶼Ҫһɷĵ棬˺ѳ롣
ˣ
˾ڵҩһֵطһͨĸֳȫܹɵƻ֪ǻ˵ĹעҲɴ˿֪ġ
ֱǲ˹ˣ
нģȾǲϲý磬Щһ֮£޷סȫˡ
ڵâǳЩģֻһȻͳųƷݺն
ԼҲ֪ΪʲôͻȻһ˲óȫһоȫĻô¾ûлˡ

ֻһûѰƷг룬ȴ˿µĵâȻƷָסˡ
ƷּסһֻӬһû϶
ôܣ
ʱʧɫȫȻð亹ֿԣκһֶǰֹĳ
ˣƷҡҡͷƺΪ編ƣֵͨܵƣ֮Уһ㹻ˡ
֮УܹزģҲֻеϵĴˡ
Ʒ΢΢һȴǰķĳȻһһ˿
ȻƷ޷÷ǽƾѾѰ޷ľǿˡ
ã
ǱܵľҪˣǳƷ֪ʲôʱ򣬾ȻѾǰȻһ˳ȥ
أ
ֻоһ˹㶼ûа취㣬ֱӾͱһȷ˳ȥһڴ˳ȥһѪ˳
һתݣֱӷ˳ȥݺݵײ˽ϵĵϡ
ʱһļžֻĲҽǸĲҽûУΪѾƷһƸȥˡ
˶ɴ۾ղųƷһ߲滹ҪӾˡ
Ƕ·Ǽ˹һ
Ƕô޻飡
ǿͨصĸְͨĸ֮ҲһˣȻһƲˡ
ֱӻȥˣ
һ㷨ûе˵Ǻηʥʵﵽʲô̶ȣ
ھһļž֮˶һըˡ
ѵһô
Բǣҵֲ̫ˣ
Ǻεȸ֣һƳιȥˣ
ֻа㻹ˣΪƷնɱ˴ֵܵĳ棬Ǳ⻹ɴ̼ˣֻǵʱĳƷƺûôǿӡ


1194 бҽţ
ĸоȷʵǶԵģʵϣƷÿʱÿ̶ڻָ˻ɣת˾Ļָ˵ÿʱÿ̶ڱǿ׼ȷ˵ڻָ
һˣÿָһ㣬ҲжĸоǳƷʵ̫ǿˣֻ΢ǿһЩѰ˸֪֮УǱǿܶˡ
һˮİٷ֮һܲܶ࣬һƬ󺣵İٷ֮һǾȫˡ
𾪵ĻǳţһΣֱ۵ĸܵ˳Ʒʵ
֮ǰǴΣǱɽһǶѣǷʵ
ǸԼһ¶ҪþȫƿѹĿֲڣȻһƳȥˡ
ʵ֮ɴ˿ɼһ㡣
ֱһλϵĴڣ
ʱЩˣΪʲôô˶Ҫźӵλãмһˡ
ԷʵͣԸͶ۹ٻһλҲʱˡ
ԼܻøҪ
˸ģԶûԼĸ˳
Ҳը˹һģһƬȻ
Щıδ󺺴ʱһĻҲŵˡ
Ҷ·һͷֲ޸һҲܶ
ǰǶ̧ߣǸսǰҪ鷳ܿңƷֱ˵
Щδ󺺶ʱɴ⣬æڵϵͬ飬棬̧ˡ
һ㶼ûʱڵĸо˾ǱƷˡ
ŵˣ
ҵÿֲȻô
Ҳһɫܹôõʵͻƣ
ǰǽóȫ˭֪ʵѾͨأ
ʲôãǱſˣ
˶ļס꣬һҵΪǵ֮С
Χ۵Ⱥɢȥ֮ںȲŸոճȻ֪˷飬ʱޱȵļ
ôһֱһɽһ㣬ѹͷϣϢѡ
ô򵥾ͱƷˣʹ죬ʵ̫ʹˣ
үսǰҲǺǵģӺôʹҲʼ
һͷ۲ˣٳһսǰĻ¾֮ˡ
ʲôʲôսǰΣû˵ôǿźˣӣź˵
Ȼսǰʵźֻǿź򱳿κܹõҵҪŪսǰеǰ취ġ
Գѫӵܸûսǰ
źĿųƷƷ֮ǰҲʲôû˵ʮֵģǼȻ֪˳ƷźˣǾûʲôµˡ
սǰĿҪǶͨ˵ģǶźȻսǰûôˣսǰҲΪ飬ź˺
ûʲôòź֣һ˾͹ˣƷ˵
æͷƷʵǳ׼ʶˣʰͨ͸һ
Ǽ˺ܶϷ˵˵оܷܶ飡
ˣѵԿʼˣƷƲһ۳˵
Ŷʱ뵽챻ʰ飬һҽС
ܿ죬˾ߵ˺Ժλãűеһߣн̵
ƷǶ˵ĵ̵ͽˣ뼸ҲԼţҪЩҩģ㾡Ѽ
ã
Ҳû֮ǰǷϵĸоֱһɨա
Ʒһȫµ·֮ǰȫͬ
ͷһ֦
ʱʦ֮Уһģһ칫֮ⲽԵʮֵĽ
أ칫ҵĴűƿ쳤Ŷ룬ģӣɵÿ˵ΰϡϡͣѵôݹ٣
쳤Щ⣬ģѱӾȻǳеһսǰĸε塣
쳤ϣҲ˵Щ׻ˣֱӿżɽ˵ɣϴѯǸϢ㻹ǵô
εһ˫ĿĶ쳤ϣȻ˵
ҼǵǸϢ飬ʥҩ쳤ϵѵüĿô
ǵõȷʵεһ컯ҩ嵥ǺܶҩĶңû뵽һµʱ䣬Ȼεˡ
ѾѼϢеҩģɽæƵģεæ˵
ҿһ£ϢǸ˭õôǲֵģ쳤ϵ
ǸǰεЩ˵


1195 ûգ
ǰ쳤϶ʱɴ۾֪ϢǿЧģֻҪˣֻʣһˣܹ
˵ǾƷʥҩҲΪˣܹƳսǰƾʲôĵزˣȻϢûа취ơ
뵽˾ֵϢ
ΪһϢûյǴսǰҪϢ϶ǱشˣͨĸΪûа취ˡ
Ϣһ֪Ȼ󲨣
սǰܹΪеһ̶ܴϾսǰǿʵѹţܵش˴Ϣһȥ롣
ȫԲ²ĵսǰ϶һʼȫȫķϢˣȻĻҲһϢ޷õˡ
ϾʦЭϢǺͨģǴССܹǵģǺܶࡣ
ҲܹµˣǰˣϢûа취ƣεҧ˵ϢȻʱסˣǿ϶޷ȥ¶ȥǳ顣
Ҿûа취ˣ쳤ҡҡͷ˵
Ϊʲôε弸Ǵ˵
ΪϢҵʵɹʻɣֻǱб޻뷨ƣҳҲ޲ɣǾ˵Ļоųļʧܣǿ϶ʧܣңҿ϶Ӧģ
쳤˵ȻҲĶ֪еķգһʧܣսǰ¶ܹ˺ˡ
Щ˵Ѫ浽ǸϣɾͲˡ
ǻ᳤أε뵽ʲôһ
ǻ᳤֣ɵİܹɣҵһʦǹƻ߳ɵİգ쳤˵
ڵĶҴʦȥˣɣȥǻ᳤ʱεæ˵ȻɵļҲߣǺôҲԴҪǿ
ܲɣǻ᳤ոҹص۶ˣҪĻûʮǰ첻ģ쳤ҡҡͷ
ҿԵȣǰôȣǻ᳤ôʱص۶ȥˣεʱ֪쳤ϲƭҲ˵пɵľʦЭĻ᳤ײ£ƫƫײ뿪ˣҪô졣
ʵһӦа취Ϣܱǻ᳤ҪǿһЩʱ쳤룬ʱ˵
ʲôˣεǰһæ˵
гƷ
쳤˵һ֡
ַǷĵҩһϣһӰ̤Ŷݹ˻֣˭ôŵʱ
ǿˣȻսǰĸε塣
սǰôзӦôǶģ
û뵽ȻεԳһˣ
սǰ￴Ҫһˣ
ܿ죬һȺΧ
ڵҩ֮УϰڷŸֵҩȼһ۽Ӵ˹üͷ΢Ҫҩ
ʣʦôε忴ȣ˵
ʦŶ˵ү̾ͷӦ˹Ҳͬʱ˵ۣսǰĸ
ǣε˵ͷ
ȶʱٴУû뵽ô죬ԩ겻ɢ
ε岻֪ȵıΪʲôһӱô֪϶⣡
룬ǲʲô⣬ʦģεæ˵
㲻Ҳģüͷε壬ΪεΪǸͷģϾô룬ֿԶӦġ
԰ôҲأҳʦģ鷳ͨһôεЦõ˵
ȻҾͨˣҲ벻ȻҲģʲôġ
Ⱥܿͷ˺ԺںԺ֮гŻ밲㽻֣׼ȷ˵ǳŵٰ
˽ֵٶȼ죬ۻң˶ѹƷֻܹʱʱ顱顱顱ųŵһҽС
ںԺһ䣬Ʒʯ֮ϣȤųűѵȻʱʱָ䡣
үȺܿߵ˳ƷԱߣ˵
ʲô飿Ʒʵ
սǰĸҪȵ
ңȷҪƷҲЩ֡
ûæ˵ģ
ûգţƷ˵
ȲûһڿˮǺţǿսǰĸڴҲһԼүȻöԷǵš
֮ǰƷʰ鿴Ҫ档


1196 ɱңе˼
˳ƷĻظε塣
ʱε弱ˣм£ܲͨһ£
㼱ʲôãү˵ˣţʲôʱп˵ɣɨһε˵ǰִ￴ῴԼһۣȴҪԼָоǰδеġ
Űɣ
εнĲУ붯ˣ֪ǾԲܵģȲ˵ܹΪ߼ʦ˱ʵͲۣι֪Ƿ顣
ҶֱӰܻȥ¾ͻͱһѣʦЭҲ᳹ģ
ң
߼ʦʲôܹģ
ʱΧԽԽ࣬εҲԽԽ
֮ǰƷŸոʰսǰ˿ε鷳ģȴֹؾصվţûΪ֡
һʱܿȥˣͷƷûҪ˼ε嶯ҲľôվţƾΧ˵ָָ㡣
ҵĵôͷսǰĸôֱŲܣ
ȻбĴ
ҵˣԲǵ𣡡
Ȼ˶۷׷׵ʱεϵĴһսǰ︱ε壬ʦʦڰæ֮Уһ
ţεҧڵǰءһ
ʱԭֻС۵˲仩Ȼˡ
εˣô
ҵ˵ʲôˣҽдʦѵǴʦɣ
˶ܹµõε϶ʲôҪҵˣǸʦͷϣֻû뵽εܹĿ֮¹¡
۷׷֮ʣأԶһŲһȺսǱ־ˣϰˣѸſ嵽˵ǰ
սǰˣ
֪˭һʱ˶Զÿˣ±ϰƻֺսǰָˡ
ϳϰ֮Уÿһϵĸ֣лмͨΪ׵һˣսǰ֮ĸ¿ƣ
̵ݵʱ򣬾ͲɵõһսǵʵȻԶѰ˵󣬽ֻɽһǵʵԶ˵ˡ
Ǹֵǣһ¿Ƶڶһǹҵǰ˶ףһ
¿ƣô㣿εҲǵһʱͿ˳¿ơ
¿Ҳǵһʱ俴˹ε壬ڰھͲǺܶԸʱεţɵ˼Ȥ
ε壬˰¿һЦ˵
¿ƣʲôεĿų¿˵
ҪôҲ޷˵˲ۣҵսǰҵҪʲôˣ¿Ц˵
ε˲ˣΪʲôʦһսǰģֱӾ˵ˡ
ԭδĳʦΪʲô˴ĵ⣬ȫˣԭǳ¿ƵǵĻ
뵽δΨһܹˣʦ¿Ƶһﲻ֪ģȻҳʦ鷳ֱĿҪըˡ
ô˵ҳʦ鷳ģε˵
ʲôʦճɣνˣҽҪ֪Ϊʲôô졣
úúãȻ˵
εֱһӴӵȻһȭ˳ȥ
ɲǼ䣬ֲͷ˳˿һȭֱӺ䵽˳¿Ƶϡ
¿ƸһûУ˲䱻һȭ˳ȥ󼸸սǰİ˲ͱײˡ
¿ƴӵĶε壬һε壬ˣ㾹ȻҴң
ľ㣬Һ޲ô㣡
εŭ
֪֪˭ϢҪʦƣ赲ϢƣŪ㣡
ε˵ʱޱȵû˿ε֮󻹻ỳε᲻ĵز
¿Ƶ֮Ŀ⣬˵ҹʲôʦҾҪŪ
¿ƣѰεĿų¿˵
ε壬Ϊ㻹ǰôһҪѵѵǼȻô˵ͱɣ¿˵ͬͷų˿ֲϢͨظֵϢ˲䱬˳
֮ǰϢȣ¿Ƶʵǿ̫ˡ
ֵ˶һϢסˡ
ε壬Ϳ㲻ˬˣҵҪô赲ң
¿ƴһ
ãҾŪ㣡εҲƴˣֲϢ˳¿ȣ˿ǿһ
ɱңе˼ܲܰ쵽ˣʱһʵӵڴ


1197 һ¿
һʵһ޳Ӱӵ˳ͷųĿֲƣܹһ˿һӰ죬ֻϵ·ײϢƮɡ
ǡε廹ûȷϳ˾˭
ȴһߣ¿ѾˣɲǼ䣬ſֲ̩ͬɽѹһ㣬ݺݵĳųƷɱ˹
Ǹʦ
¿Ƶ֡
룡
Ʒ˵¿˲Ѿɱ˳ƷĸǰֱӳųƷ
Ʒη壬ֻһ˳ȥֱӾͱƷһƸĳޣһֱ˳¿Ƶͷ­
أ
ֻһ޴ĺ¿ƵԴһձը˿Ȼͷʬ˲ͬߵķһ˲˳ȥ
ʱȫһļž˶ɵˣʲôײУײС
֮ǰǶڳƷʵΪֹ۵ˣҲû뵽¿պĴ֣սǰĸԳƷʱȻ˵Ĳһ
ֱӾͱƷһԴˣ
ֱ͸һֻӬûʲôֱ
ϻ浱ǲèˣ
ƷһֻӬһ˵
ûһֵͨľ
ֵȼÿһۣҪ֪ȻľҲͨأսȴ걬¿ˡ
ֵȼ֣ͨԼɱ˼ˣη¿ƣ˵¿ƲڣпݹǶѡ
±Ƶˣ֮⣬εˣûзӦô£ǳ¿ƵͻȻѳ֣ǳƷͻһƣķӦ֮⡣
ͻأ֮ʱֻо󱳷Ϊʵڳ¿֮ϣҲӦ΢ǿһЩѣǳƷһƾ˳¿ƣ붼롣
ֱǿЦƷһ¿ƣ˵Ҳһ
ϰҲôֲĵزɣ
Щ¿ƴĸ֣ȫҲɵˣɵˣ׹ߣһ¶ˡ
ЩˣһСʹ룬ͳͳҹ£
Ʒһȣʱʶյʲôһ㣬岻ȫϰˢˢĹ˴ϣֳޱȵĺȻ
ҪȴƷһӡǵϷʱһ޴ķ֣סǡ
쾳磬ͨ޷ƿַ
ֳȫȫһļž˶ûдһı֮зӦǳƷһƾ˳¿ƣһ־ͷסϰٸ֡
ʵʣԶԶ֮ǰڳƷĹơ
εеĳʦΪѾ˲˼ĵز
ЩƷ΢һε˵üģЩƺҲһ·ɫгĵķϣ
Ʒ˵ţת߽εʱڻعȻһɴһĸоٿһѾͷʬĳ¿ƣʱһֶ񺮵ĸо
ʦǲ쳤˵ģڵų뻯ˮƽǲ֪ӵҲĿֲ⵹ġ
ƽʱ˸Ҵսǰĸ϶սǰȻ󲨡
Ȼ£붼νı飬ǼֱѰ·ˡ
ƷεӰʧ˵֮У˲ų״һˣ׻ȻˣѾʬĳ¿ƣ֮жʮֺȻ飬ʣĵ˵УѾԵĶħ˵Ⱥš
ʵУҲϺŵĸְɣ
ܿ죬Ʒʹε˵Ļ֮УƷεڳƷǰֻվš
˵֮ǰŵ̬Ϊ˵ĻôڣʵʵƷŵˣһƾʵĳ¿ƣʵ붼롣
սǰ︱ε壬ʦεæ˵
ҸղŴǸҲսǰĸûʲôϵɣƷЦЦĿһε壬˵
ûϵȻûϵǶǸһȡ
뵽εеŭҲһˣһ֪ϢڰжôҪƫƫҪɱʦĿ
¿ģ
ûϵͺãйϵҲνֲ֪Ҳ֪ɱ˶ˣƷЦһ
εɲҽƷĻԷ磬ֻ³Ʒ˵ʵ


1198 Σ
Ȼ֪ƷĶɱˣǿ赭дľɱˣһֻۣ²˵ٻ
ϸһ۳Ʒлޱȵ𺳣һȴڳƷʵڳƷ͡
ľȫжϵĳƷԲǶʮ꣬ʮʱ򣬲ŲǿǿͨţսǰﵱصĿ
ϰʱϧӣôͬӵĹϵȻĻҲڴ֮ͥ¶ԳƷ¡
ƷͣȴܹնɱͨԷˮһôź
лʦ£εæ˵
ұǲܵģǿ㶼ˣг⣬Ҳ㵽ʲô飿Ʒ˵
ʦְϢε˵
˵֮ǰмֻʦʵĻôһ㻳ɶûˣȻϵǿ˵ʲôҲѾ֤ʦһ˵֮
֮ǰ쳤ϴĹڳƷ飬񻹾ǲ˼漣Ȼһ֮ڿ˸߼ʦ
֪߼ʦʲôʦЭһ߼ʦѶȿɱϳһͨ۷ѶȻҪü
Ϣ׹ǵĵҩǰӦǰ˰ɣƷ΢һ£ʱͽеĵȫ뵽ˡ
Ϣ˵ҲİϢĹЧ㣬ܶͺˡ
ǰε岻ֻͬ¶˾ȵ飬ֻҪϢܹǰйϵˡ
ֻҪʦϳ֣ʲôĴۣǶԸ⸶ε
Ϣû⣬Ʒ
ʦ˵ֻҪܹģϵɽ»ҲΪʦε˵
ģҲҪϵɽ»𺣣Ʒ˵ȣҪƷʯƷѣ
û⣡εһڴӦƷʯƷѿۣսǰĲƴֶоޱۣһкϰȣǶʲôˡ
֮⣬һҪöͨڵƷ˵
û⣡εظ֤˵Ʒʯöͨ޵ڵ͸ʲôˡǰоУ˸
оҵһ»㿪һҩĵ嵥Ѽڼ۸һᰴм۸㣬ԿģƷ˵
û⣬ֻҪʦϳ֣һжҵˣε˵
ƷȻˣǾ߰ɣ粻˳٣
ڳƷ˵ʣµʱûмˣȻҪץʱˡ
ʦϢƿɲһС£Ҫ׼׼ôҪʲôôεСĵĿһ۳Ʒ˵
ƸϢҪʲô׼Ʒ˵
εеȻӿʼ׼Ϣҩĵʱ򣬾ֶͨ˽⵽ϢѶȣǸ߼ʦҲֻɵİգǴʦ߳ɵİա
ôڳʦ˵׾ٵһ
ʱҲѾûѡˣϰѾȲˡ
սǰܲڳǶһƬľĴ֮УεԴ·ƷҲ벻Ȼôһء
ʱ֮н䱸ɭϣ֮з·ص顣
Ʒε˸ոոϵأʱæεǰ˵ˣϰ첻ˣ
εô֮ǰǻúõô
æ˵Щҽʦ˵ϰѾǿ֮ĩ;ƿˣ
ôεʱ󼱣ƷҲ˲ˣæŻȥ
Ʒǲĸ󣬺ܿͽ˻һ·ͨ裬ܿ͸ε˻һԺ֮С
δȥܹŵ֮еǸҩζƮ
ȻΪҲѾһˣ
ƷȥУһŴ齣ڴ֮ϣһĿݵߣʱǸǲϵѪɫҰףǽ֮
ߵΧΧһȺˣһȺϢ뺷ߣͨϵĸ֣սǰ֮еĸ֡
һΧżҽʦ
ôε˽ȥʵ
ΰѾˣʵڲܹȵ˵ģܹƳϢһҽʦ


1199 ˣ
ҪǺãؽǾӾ˵ģ
εŭ
Щҽʦȫ϶мŭݣҲǱҽߣȴεСС
ۣ
սǰϰ۵ʱһѪ˳
˶ʱ󼱣һΣε嶼ûа취ˡ
԰ɣأ˶޲ߵʱ򣬳ƷͻȻǰ˵
ʦεЩĿųƷ˼ϣ飬һˮˣץһһ
ЩҽʦҲֵĿˣ϶¶˼ֻɵ飬Ƕ飬ܹ
ӦÿԣƷ˵ͷ
ãǾͳʦˣ
εæ˵ʱѾѡˣҽʦѾϰ̣ʱҲֻ˾ҽˡ
Ʒһǧָ⣬ֱԷƳһ롣
΢ָһķˣȻֻһ㣬Ҳ㹻ˡ
۶ɵĳֱӺݺݵϰؿڡ
ƷĶ׼ֺݣûκ˼һֱ˽ȥЩҽʦⲻϹô
εҲǿžɲƷֿʵֱ̫ˡ
ֵǣԭһֱѪϰڳƷһȥȻѪˡ
ȻǾֻƷۻҵַͬŮɢһ㣬ֱӽɵĳֱϰϡ
һһ߶೤ķϰȫ
ȥһȫĸо
һ֮󣬳Ʒ֣ͣһϰƱĻҪأɾͿжϳսǰϰΪȻѾͨ۷壬۷
˱ƵѪĵز֪Ѿʲô̶ȣѾǳһƬֵͨǿָûа취ָµġ
εһԽЩɵһȻϰûкתǺôҲûиӶӣҲѪˡ
ʦǰڵûкһˣε
ֻ붨סƣסܳã죬֮ڣҾҪƺϢƷ˵
ʵƶڳƷ˵ҲǾ֢ΪڵĻҲ԰ϰˣķҲ͹һЩˣ
һõҽʦûһõʦһõʦȻҽտҽʦΪĵǸ˳ԵģǶָƣĵҩǻ˵ġ
ǾͺãǾͺã
εæ˵һ֮ǰһݵĸоںôƷȻһ
Ƕлʦˣ
ҲǮƣֶѣҲûôʱô࣬Ƚҩ˵Ʒ˰˵
ϴʦȥ
εæǰ·˻֮ڵһ֮Уʱ¯ѾȼҩҲѾѻɽ
Ʒ˵ֱӿʼˡ
˵һʼε廹ԳƷˮƽɵĻôڣѾûκλɡ
ƷĶˮһ㣬Ҳǵһ֪ʱҲһֱУƷһһǻȻɣûһ˿һĶ
սǰ֮ҲкܶʦѧͽʦҲУĸޱȽţƷˮ
˳Ʒ·ƹǧεĶ֮һ㵣ĵ뷨ûˡ
ʦʦЭ쳤˵ĻҪ˵ãϢĵҩҲͬг
ûѼĵһ
һһҹ˲䣬ƷʱʱεǶҲ۾Ķ¯һգۣƷʧˡ
һʼʱޱȵĵģϾ쳤ϵ˵ǿײ»᳤ҲֻɵİգȻƷȴ˵
һжһûһ˿һĲеĲȫͬˮ
棬ҲûһʼôˣҲܹóֻҪȥƷӦûʧܵĿˡ
ڣһʱȥ֮ŰɫһŨҩ
ֻ˼ҩ㣬ε͸оϵкתļ
ڿˣ
Ʒߵ˵¯ǰ¯ǣһöĴָСĵҩУƷ֮ȡݸε塣
ҩѾˣȥɣ
лʦεæӹҩʱҲ˲ʧæתϰҸȥ


1200 ʮ죬
ƷҲżֱſ֮еҩ㣬ܿ죬ЩҩͱƷһգϵָֻһЩ
̾һϢȻ棬ǻƣΪƱϰǸ;ƿݵӶӣг̫˵Ŀռ֮Ҫȥûôס
ӦҲܿˣʵĻָ
ûãһ󼱴ٵĽŲεӰ֮У֮ǰĽŲͬ¶˿Цݣ˵ʦȻǰ˵ҩ̺֮תˣ
Ʒ΢΢һЦ˵뵽ϢӦǵõ˸ָɣ
εЩĿųƷ֪Ʒôµóġ
ƷЦţǺȻ飬ؼ˵ĵҩܹܶ࣬Ƶĺ;ƿݵģǺܶ࣬ԳƷ˵Ӧиָ㡣
ˣȻϰûˣҲˣƷ
ãԺ˽ıϣεϹϾ˵
ţ
ƷҲżε岻̰ı̰꣬ˣΣһˣǸʱ򣬿ɾͲֻôһ㱨ôˡ
ƷصʱΧ۵ȺԽԽ࣬ΪڵǰЩսǰİڣ಻֪ʱʲôˣҲ˵ˡ
ʱ˳Ʒ׷׾ĿųƷ
ƷҲûйܣĵʱʩչķҲ࣬಻ܹѹЩ˼ʱѡ
Ʒ֮ûйãεͽʹӦõЩˣƷʯĳַ֮⣬öͨ޵ڵ
Щ֮⣬ε岻֪Ķ˵˳ƷѼͨԪҩģȻѼڵڶһ˹
Ʒϲ˵лǺģεȷʵˣǴڱҪ£ԼʦĹϵȷʵóƷ
εİæƷܿѼͨԪҩģļʱ֮У˵жɹ
ʱһգ۶ڵ˾ͽһ죬һϽɽӵҩνͥС
֮ǰսǰ˱ѵ飬ҲһɽӵҩһҹڳƷǿʵҲҵҩƷʡ
ЩҪŹҩͳƷ׽֮󣬳Ʒû¶ˣǵ뷨ˡ
֮ǰսǰӣǵȻҷӲ
Ǻܿͷˣɽӵҩڷĵҩҩ˵ҪɣҩЧùһҲкܶġ
Ҽ۸Ǻͬ͵ĵҩһúܶೣ⵶ѪǶϲǶһ
ˣɽӵҩڵĵҩոϼܾͻᱻһɨգӦҲΧ൤ҩĲǵ⡣
֮ǰƷһ˳¿Ƶľ֮ٻǺЧģڿ֮󣬻ǲ׼ҳƷ鷳ˡ
Цͨ߶εĸ֣һˣҵʵ֮ǿ붼һֵĸо
ڳƷûôʱ䲻ͣɽӵҩڵĵҩӦҲ޵ģȻʵĿͻҲĵҩͼ
ֹƽ⻹Ǳ
ʱںԺ֮УƷֶΧһ㷨ڷڡ
ʮǰȣƷʵָֻһЩܹķֶ˲٣Ѿܹγɻˡ
ȱϹϾĸţ˿ҷ
ʮ֮УȲʶʲô棬Ȳ˵Ʒǿֲ˼ʵ
ϣҲһҪͶصĸоÿһ¯ܹöҩѣѾǽ߾ȫˡ
ǳƷֱһִ۽ĸоͨĵҩһ¯ööһƣҲƳ
δʱӴݲȣƼöƼöһûκѶȣ·Ѿһ
ҳƷûжõʦеĵûе£һ¯ܹƼöĵҩֱ漣
ƷһҲôһ¯ѣȻҲˣҲɽӵҩ֮еĵҩһֱӦĸԭ
˳ƷԼ֮⣬ҲԼֻǺͳƷĹģȣС׼ˡ
ʱĸ⣬жô⣬Ʒֽܹ·Ѿ˱׼һ
̶̼ʱ䣬͸оԼˮƽѾͻͽķչĻʵȱľһ˸ָ㡣
ĸⶼӭж⣬óƷĻ˵ȥһʦһѶȶûС


1201 ˭˭
ȣտŵ㣬Ҫȳһˣ
Ʒ˵ֱ꣬뿪˵̡
˾ͽµգ֮ǰƷյ룬ҪϹȥμᡣ
˾ͽǶһָĺ̴ˣκ֮УмӰ
˾ͽ˾ͽҵĴС㣬ųȻٲ˵ġ
һƷһ죬Ѿ˾ͽҸ
μˣӳиƼһƷ
λӣ˼һƷѾǴСˣӪҵ
һƷǰƷһ
ҲμģƷ˵
ʹ߼״ɫʱÿ˺ܶ࣬æ˵ʾ뺯
Ʒһ֮ǰҲֻǴ˾ͽ¸ͷ룬ûи뺯
ֱ˵˼û뺯ȷʵǴС㣬Ŀˣȥȷһ¾֪ˣҽ̳Ʒ
Ǹ߼Ʒû뺯Ҳ¶˼Ϊѵ飬Ʒƶ飬ҲЩòˣƷƭӡ
ֱ˵ȻԵȣϽȥͨ
ţȥɣƷ
һĻҲͿˣҲԲ׼ƷʲôֻǵǸȦƺûмƷ
˵˭ôûյ뺯أ
ҲȦˣ
أԶһˣΪ׵һȴǱȣǳ޽ܡ
ڳ޽ĻгԣԵˣ˳ƷʱЩ˶׷ŭĿԡ
޽ҲЩֵĿųƷ֪վǸʲôܿ죬˵ˡ
ԭӣеûнӵ뺯ƫƫҪ֣Ϊʸ֦Ҫˣ޽ܸ˵
ʱЩ϶¶˼ֻȻ飬ԭӣԭǲˡ
ˣǼĶˣΪȦӲҪͿԽģкܶûյ˾ԱһЩϵ
ǵƷȻͳӵˣٿƷͿʼԾˡ
û뵽Ȼˣ
Щ˾Ƥ̫ˣ
ʱ޽ܵ˹˵ƷαأȻûյ뺯αطҪȥأ
Ʒʹϵ
Ʒÿһۡ
Ʒʱ򻹸ôţ޽ҧгݵ˵ƷΪһվԼôڶź
ƨ£ƷЦſų޽˵
㡭޽ܶʱŭҪĳԣԵҲ׷ŭĿԡ
أʱһ󼱴ٵĽŲȴһɫӰһƷ˳ȴǰ˭
޽ܼ˹Ҫ¶Цǰڨ֪㰲Ψһ飬ڴѫӵܵȦҲһС֮һźӺѡ˿ǲ֪ҪǿĶȥˡ
ΪźӣԷƽƽܹύ㣬˵ôȻӹɡ
лһͷܹȢ㣬԰˵ҪΪźӣֱǰ϶顣
޽ܸոҪ˵ȴǸûпһֱӴԱ߹ûһۣʱó޽ܵ϶ȫˡ
޽ĳԣԵҲͬסˣȫͬ
Ϊǳģ˭֪ûһۣȻţȴߵ˳ƷǰϴżǸ˵˼ˣǰһ裬Ҳû뵽ȻΪС¶⣡
Ҳ¶˼ֲ˼飬ô˴Ҳʮֲ˼
ƷһЦ˵û£¶
ûаϡ
߰ɣҴȥ˵žֱӴųƷȥͷβûп޽һۡ
ʱ޽ܵɫѾȫȫһƬˣ֮ǰƷû뺯ʸ֦ġ
ȴݺݴҲûн޽ܷǸõĳƷӭ˽ȥ
ã޽ܲһ˵ߣ
ԺͳҲĬҴŭŭ֮µĳ޽ܣͬʱҲʮֵĲ죬֪ΪʲôȻʶƷҿϵܲ
Ͼע⵽ƷҲ⼸飬ڴ֮ǰƷźӺѡڱȽرǸʵϻû̫ߵĴڸС
ıҲͬ¶˼ֺɫ֪˾ʲôͷ


1202 ۵Ĺ
ڰĴ֮£ƷܿͱһƷ֮Уʱ֮УѾͷܶȻֻ˾ͽµջѣΪݣȻֻ֮ľۻôˡ
ѫӵǰμӣеͷμӣȻЩǰܵģƷԼһ˶ʶ
Ʒ֮󣬰ܿ͸ȥæȥˡ
ƷҲΪ⣬ֱڽ˸λ߾ǸƱյ˿Ҳһʵĳϡ
ڳƷ˵ν飡
ܿ죬ڳƷ֮󣬳޽ܵҲ˽ɨһ֮󣬺ܿͷڽĿ֮еĳƷ
޽¶˼ֱ飬Ȼܿ죬һܼģ˾͵õٻ˳޽ܵǰ
٣֪ʲôԸ˿ų޽˵
޽ɨһ۳Ʒ֮ſ˵ʲôܿ죬Ӿɫص뿪ˡ
һ߽֮еĳƷڱĿ񣬻ָˣأо߽۾һȴһܼģ˴˹ֱǰżڡ
λӣʾ뺯ܼҿųƷ˵
û뺯ǵĴС㣬ҽгƷʱƷѾ˼ֲͷ飬Ƣٺãʱ򣬶мŭ𣬺οҲó˷ǳġ
ܼҼƷ̹ϳԼû뺯ʱ¶˼ϲɫȻ˵Ҳʲôϵò뺯ĻǾȥˣ
ƷƲһܼң˵Ҳ֪˭ָʹЩϣ㿼Щã
Ʒܼҿ϶ܵ˵ָʹȻô鷳
κһ꣬Ӽ˲࣬ҲѲ²⣬ֻ»Ǻͳ޽йϵġ
ܼұƷ˼ʱ߳ŭȵô£ҲҪܣȻò뺯Ǿ͹ȥҲǰ°£
ʱߵףҲ˵ע⣬˸¶˼־飬ܹģû뺯ȻһݵˣܼҾȻҪôҪƷʾ뺯
Щ˶ɵϣȻҲף鲢ôˣ
Ҳ׷׽ĿͶ˹֪Ʒô죬ǻһǾô뿪
һ°£˾ͽҾôܽ˵ģѿϳȥǺ
أʱһųζЦ
ţһߴӰѾߵߡ
ǸܼһʱûŵȻսǰĸε塣
ǿһԺԼүƽƽĴڡ
ε뿪ھǳʦܿʶʲôæĿ˵ӣɵĺܣû뵽ܹ㣡
Һ˾ͽʶҽμᣬû뵽ôĲе˼е˲ҺùأƷûܼңֱ˵ΰôпղǰ
Ǵǰǰ˾ͽҵ̸һû뵽Ϳ۾Ĺ
˾ͽҵ˾ͽµĸףҲ˾ͽҵļ
εƲһܼңƢôãˣûļһһˡ
ۼƷֶεģʵˮƽһָĴڡ
Ʒһƴսǰĸսǰ²һƨûУû˸
ǰںͳ¿ߵýǼϼһҲҶ˵ʲôһ¿ƵĿֲڣ˾㲻Ǿ˰Ҳﲻ
Ͼͨ۷ϰҲ˵ˣҲôһ¿ơ
ϰ֮ȫ²׼ȥҳƷ鷳Ļ͵űȫ׷ɱɡ
ǸܼҰеĿ־壬ѾزˣѾû·ˣֻӲ˵ΰܵҲ̫˵㣬˾ͽҵ飡
ҹܵĿ˵㣬˾ͽҵҪ֪飬ƻͲҴأε
ҿ϶Ҫ˾ͽҵ֪ƷҿԶ֪ĸ˵ĺôĹԴȥҳƷ
ʱٿƷһӱˣ֪ƷεʲôϵƷû˵εͼܳˣо״̬֡
ȻܹоεԳƷһֳѰ𾴣ƶǰҲ̬ˡ
ΰӲ֣ɲϹأܼӲ˵
أ


1203 Ʒ
һȴһһŮӰһһɫȹŮǰ飬һʱİ㡣
ԱߣǲվһݿʵˣһԴǿơ
˾͵ʱ򣬶ʱ˾ͽҵĹܼҶʱһԲε壬ΪεҲܲ˾ͽ
ǰ˲һ㱾ǴСĹۣ˵Ĺϵá
һ˸ˣȻǰӣ
ĸˣԵģʱŷ֣֮ǰ˳޽ܵĺôҳƷ鷳Ƕôѡ
˭֪ôһͲʶҲ֪ļһȻܹЩһһվΪ˵ء
㿴ܼһֱۣоͻһޣݺݳ鵽ϡ
˰ܻµ
ݺݵ˵ˣӵ޷죬ؼǣľȻǳƷ
ʱûȥƷǱߣȻ˵ڸιУҲõƷָ㡣
ƷָĻ࣬ȴÿζҪ㣬˻ȻʵĸоУƷɲĴʡ
ǣ֪˾ͽ¶ԳƷ̬ѾһٰʮȵĴת䣬ԭǴͳƷʲôϵġ
Ǿ˴ֵܵһս֮Ȼ˾޴ı仯ԲŻԼƷǰ
ܼҾȻҳƷ鷳˭ָʹǲˡ

ǸܼһҽУ˱˳ȥ˶һ˶֪ƽ·üû뵽ֱӴˡ
Щ˾ͽҵߺͻҲֻܿţǰ˸ﶯַǵȻԹۣƫƫ̣˶֪˾ͽµĹϵá
˭ֹ̣
һܼҾѾʮޣȫ˺ۣҽ
پ
ܼۿŰҪһӣæһ˵
ʱ޽Ա߾벻ҲˣֻӲͷƤȥ˵㣬ӳֲʰɣô˵ⶼ˾ͽҵˣĪǲ˾ͽҷ
޽ܣҲϢˣƾèĹҪҺµĹϵЦһ˵
ղܼҽг޽ܵʱ֪飬϶ͳ޽һĹϵ
ó޽ˣɴ
޽ɫ࣬ǲҷΪڰԱߣǰ֪Ѿͨĸ֣Ϊֱɲ⣬δǵĶֿ϶һϯ֮ء
ԺźӣҲǰĶ֡
ô˵㶼ܴ˾ͽҰɣ޽ܵ
ʲôܴģ˵Ļ˾ͽ˵Ļ
أʱһȴƷ̧ͷȥʮ첻˾ͽ˹
˾ͽ£һϮʢװռʱ޶ˡ
ֻǴʱҲǴżɷü΢˵ûĶǸˣ
˾ͽ´ʱѾǱ˵ߵʱûðɣòײŽƷĶȻԸƷⲻǵ
⼸ҲǲϴӰùǱ֪˳Ʒ飬жڳƷԽԽߣִֵѾˡ
Ǹܼʱɫˣæ˵С
һΣ¼ôõ飬ˣȥʮӸϳ˾ͽң˾ͽֱ˵
Ʒʱ˾ͽҲǹĿ࿴ԭ˾ͽмﳤɵĻĽģڿҲͬǽüء
ܿ죬ܼҾͱȥһԳ޽ܵɫһһףֻȥ
˾ͽҲֱߵ˳Ʒǰӣǲ˼²ϣŻ飡
ûʲôѣƷЦЦ˵
˾ͽ»Ҫ˵أԱߵİȴͻȻߵƷԱ߿ˣƷ°㣬˵ָܶ࣬ҴҶлˣ
ûʲôֻǾ֮Ͱˣ츳ȱָһˣƷȻ˵
ȴųƷ֮ǰҲûнƷϣǺ˰תĳƷָĻʱŷˣֻ˶С˳Ʒˡ
ȼ仰࣬ȴֱָص㣬һѪּʶѰܹӵеģʵϣԼⷽҲĵز
Ʒ򵥣


1204 һȭܰ
Σ紫еǸҽ֮϶ûʲôϵ
ƷͬʱҲڴŰΪĵӣ֮Уټڿȷʵʮ˵á
಻ʮͣһʮͷҲûʲôֱ𣬵ΪȴѾֱͨ۷壬ֻһӦþܹͨء
δ벽Ҳûᣡ
֮ȣ޽ܣֲǸոտͨΪͲ̫Զˡ
һϵĴڣ
ͬѫӵܣǱ˴֮Ҳͬ췭ظһĲࡣ
˵ǿ㽻֣
һĿųƷ֮˸ſȵĹâ
ܹôѾزȻһȳտˣƷűҪСˣΪ˵Ƿǳǿ
жǿûһֱ۵֪ƷǿӦҲǺһεģԳƷ˵Ѿǳˡ
Ʒȴҡҡͷ˵ýˣ㲻ҵĶ֣
Χ㣬˾ͽ˶ԾĿųƷƷʵ̫ԴˣʵǺܶƸֶĶ֡
ƷȴȻֱԲ˵Ķ֡
ԼҲ̫˵ɣ
ٿƷһӡ
һԵεųƷĻۼƷһʵĳ¿Ƶ顣
Ҳţ
ҡҡͷ˵
ܹоƷ˵ʱǿţǲԼǳƷĶ֡
δ־ʧܣǸܵ飡
ȻˣɣҸطдһ¾ˣƷ˵
ã
˵
ܿ죬˾ͽ˴ųƷȥһƷ֮е֮С
˾ͽȻҲȥսǽˣ뿪
֮УƷ밲ңңԣټ֮УҲֻаôһڡ
ҪֵĻǾȫֵİɣĻûлģƷ˵
㻹ǺŰ
ųƷ
Ʒ΢΢һЦҲû˵ǾһɲǼʱ䣬ˣ˻һŷ磬ٶ̫ˣɲǼѾһߵ˳Ʒϡ
䣡
һ޴ıըڵĽ綼˲临ˣûбֱӴݻ١
һ˳ƷûһžܹشƷʵʵĽһ
ΪƷû˿µ˼ҲĹ޷κγƷ
ˢ
һ˲䣬ĶˣɲǼ䣬֮Уŷ籩
ΪѾͨ۷壬ȻΪķƣûа취ֱͨȳֵĹģ
Ȼʮ־ˣ
˫ۣҲֻܿƷ˱籩ûˡ
Ȼֻһ޴ĺ·˼Ϊҵս˫֮󣬾ܹûзôҵսǰһֱڳ֣ĹƷ־͸
ٶж죬ֵĽǶжôľˣǳƷȴܹÿÿĽŲ
ͥŲ֮䣬ͽĹΪΡ
㼫Ϊ𾪣˽ĸ磬ųƷ籩֮ӣĳٶȼ죬
ΪȸߵˣҲκε
˭֪ڳƷߣȫߵˣƷ̫ˡ
Ѿȫ͸ղŵȫͬ
ˣһȭ
Ʒ˵
ʱһݣͿƷָȭȻһȭ˹
һȭٶҲǺܿӣǳƷһȭȴһָоǾζܲĸо
ǲٶ̫أ
Ҳ֣̾ˣԼȻھȫƷѹˣŻȫܲĸо
Ʒ򵥵һȭȻγǵص޵
䣡
޷ܣƷһȭֱӺؿڣ˲䵹˳ȥǶߵķһ˺úݺײǽϣ
ǽţͷ֣ԼȻһƶûУƷһȭ˳ȥ֮ǿֲȭɲǼڰ֮оɢˡ
ʱλףǳƷˡ
ٲʶôҲףǳƷ飬ղһȭԽش
΢һ֮¶˼ֿЦȻ˵л飡
֮ǰƷֱԲ˵ԼĶ֣óƷ̫ˣڿƷûпʵʵ˵
ǶݵĽ֣һָоɲ⣬ƥС


1205 ־һ
ĳƷҪǿ̫ˣ
ʵ׻ǲ̫Զˣܹģкܶ￴ĵطڳƷʵҲֻ֪Ʒǿǵжǿȴ֪
԰ŻԼԺͳƷһϸ£һ֣űһȭɳȥ
ûʲôᣬΪ˲ã
Ʒ˵
һԿţóƷΪЦƷͱҪС̫ˣȴȫһӡ
ƫƫָо˵ȻԳƷʵ˵ȷʵʸôۡ
ͰоЩЭͬоǿΪ𣬳Ʒʵɲ⣬ܹȵ˵ģȻʸô
֮ǰ۸ڶΪӢҲֻ˰ˣǾ֮ܣֱ˵ڳƷķڷƷͱЦô࣬ʵȴܹģһȽϵ˼ûС
ӹǫˣƷ΢΢һЦ
ԲǶ̶ʱѾˣ˵Ц߳ص˻᳡֮Уʱ᳡֮У»ָ֡
˾ͽҲٲȻ᳡ģ
Ʒ˾ͽµߣҲܿΪĿĽ㣬ǸղǸ˾ͽҹܼҵ黹Ŀ
Ѿˣ˾ͽЩȻĿųƷˡ
ţ΢дһ£ֲƷЦЦ˵
мĿһ۳ƷƷΪӣûֱ˵Ұܵ顣
ղǶԼ˳֪Ʒû׼òûɣأڴʱȺ֮У޽ͻȻ˵
˵ĿҲ˼е˳Ʒϣ˾ͽɫһ䣬˵޽ܣ飿ղŵҿźѾûкƽˣ㻹Ҽ飿
˾ͽü΢Ȼơ
޽ɫôҶҾ뿴Ʒ״ʲô
޽ܵɫƶΪ֪Ʒһʱ䣬ӼҲûɣûԴƾҸǵ㲹Ͳóʲôϵε
ҪóƷˣ޵ݣ
Ʒǲô⣬˵֪ʲôҲҿۣ
Ʒ͵ĿһԷֻҪţȻȻͻΪã
ڳ޽ܵ󣬳Ծֱ˵
ʱˣƷ㵽ʲôҲǿ۰Ҳֺ
Ȼ뿴ǾǿƷһһҩƿС
˾ͽС㣬ôæҲûдʲô̫õͨԪǸˣҪƷҩƿݸ˾ͽ£˵
ͨԪû֪Ķ㣡
Բм˵
ƷһЦ˵ҩҲûʲôģֻһܣǿ۷߿ͨ
Ʒ䣬ʱһƬȻͨĸԶԶҪ֮ҪˣΪûи߿ƼĹϵֵͨĵλҲߡ
ȴÿ˶ܹͨģЩڳĶѫӵܣһҲܿһߡ
۷ĸǱȱȽǣǲͨǸûǸԴ
ĵҩ͵ǰ̣
ԭڳƷΪ䵭ˣʱƷ֮УҲһƬȡ
˾ͽһСҲڱסˣûһʼĵǼǺ̴֣СʲôöûмǸʲôһöҩˡ
֮ǰͰʱ˵ģǲͨ磬ǶŮ˵ܲԼ˵һ
е̫ˣ˾ͽһ֮󣬻˵
ƷЩĿһ˾ͽ£˾ͽ¾Ȼֵܵסջ
޷ֻһöҩѣ͸ҪˣʵģƷ˵ͨԪļֵȻ˵ڳƷ˵ûôˣ˾ޱȵıΪƲĻʦĳַѡ
ȻˣҾ͹ˣ
˾ͽһȻ˵ͷ˵
޽ܣ㻹ʲô˵ģҲֻŪǷǵıˣʱԱߣֱӿڣìͷֱָ޽˵
ʱٿ޽ܵѾǲмˣ޽һôſ񣬽žžžʱ˶ſЦء
޽ֻоǻģ˦ųԵ뿪˻᳡


1206 һ£֮ѵ
޽뿪˷·ܹڿ֮һĶ
ͬʱǶڳƷҲʼǶڳ޽ܶİǳƷȴǺðһЩ޽ܽг˳Ʒ֣ʱҲʲô
ԭǸƷ
Һ˵Ҳźĺѡ֮һ
湻ݵģ
˴ʱѾˣΪʲô޽ܴҳƷ鷳ԭĹϵ
޽ܺͳƷźĺѡ֮һ˫ˣЩ˻޽ܺͳֻ֮ǳƷ̫İˡ
ڳ޽뿪ֳ֮տʼ»
ƱյģǱģǳƷ
ǰҲһĿųƷ԰Ȩ˵ּĵҩǼΪġ
ǱҪҩĶ󣬸ҪϹĵҪһʵǿʦƣȱһɡ
ͨԪ֮ôĸԭڳƷȻ۾գһµľ͸˾ͽ¡
˾ͽ½ӹͨԪ˽˿ռ֮УٿƷʱһ˫֮һ˿˿رζС
ƷҲûоôڳ޽뿪֮ĲãֱӸˡ
ðôĵҩȻ˵ˣ
㿴˾ͽ£м˵
˾ͽϸƣ촽΢ţ˵
ҿɲ˵һöҩǶǮĺðɣ
˵ҪôһöҩҲҪԼܳȥһͻƣ
֮ҲмĽΪ˿ͨ˵Ǹ˼Ĵۣܹͻƣ˾ͽۿžͻˡ
ҪûĽҲǸܵģ
˾ͽ±΢ҧ´۲תҲ֪ʲô
˾ͽĲܿʹ˳ȥҲóƷֵһ˴ǵȨӵȦӵС
֮󣬳Ʒֽ˱չ֮У˲֣ܿľû˻ȣּȥ
ź֮ҲûķˣΪƷ˵޽ܵҲȡ衣
źе˹עȴǳս޽ܵ顣
ѾʱƣϷͣг޽ܵҲڱƲ
޽ܶԼʵʮģǳƷɵ֣ǳսȴǳţֱѰ·
Գ޽ܵ˲ϵڱƲӰԽԽ󣬸Ҫһº󣬺ݺشԼ
ЩƷģȻӳǱߵ֪ǲںֻҪһº󣬳Żʤ
գۼʱ䣬Ƕʮʱת˲š
ʱɽӵҩԺ֮УһڵϣԴƣǿڷڡ
Ƕ۷ĿֲϢɢֻǶûɢԺͱԺϿյĽ赲
ȻҲǳƷģϳƷľ󣬽Ժ֮лһƬС͵Ķ츣һ㡣
ǺԺһ֮Уһɫ۵һɫȹŮ˫ĶסǸꡣ
ǳƷͰˣͻƵǸˣȴǳ˭ء
뵱˵һ֮Ѿߣһµʱ֮Уס˳Ʒѵŵʵֱһ츲һı仯
ֱӴ۷һ·ͻƵ۷壡
ҸΪι̣һ㶼ûвȵļ
һ˵ܻɸȣȻڸݽ겵ĳƷ˵ⲻֻѰˣϵ֮У쾳籾Ǵһ׶ΣССķԾͲʲô
һûûҹĿޣټϳƷרƵ쵤ʵֱ˷츲صı仯
죬ǳƷѡͻͨӡ
Žķ˼£ȻһöͨԪһǰƷƵöͨԪһö˾ͽ£һö˳š
˾ͽѾڼǰ˳ͨרһ˵лƷ
ڳžһöûãͨԪҩȫ֮ͷ˳Χγˣһǿ籩
ΧʼԾ˵ٶȱȥһԵİĿתĶǰһУޱ𺳡
һ֮Уһһųزģֱţڶ̶һµʱھȻ
֮󣬳Ͽ񱩵ƽϢںԺϷȻǿͨļ
һУƷ΢΢һЦ˵һ֮ѵõĳЩ˵ʱˣ


1207 ˭㣬ֻ쾳磿
һ֮ڵˣһ֮г޽ܵ˽ϵƲ֮
ս޽֮ºʣҲڴĴ¡
˿ſ϶޷Գ޽вģؼⱳǸ֮еķү
Ʒǰ־һΣһξһ߲˳ԣȻֻǽ̵˳޽һУһǹش˳ԡ
óƷź֮и
ͷź£ܹǰˣȫѾ̨
ʮźӵĺѡˣһѾͳͳᵽһֻμķֳߡ
һǳ޽ܣԣԵˣһߣһͷ޽ңңԣ·硣
ҲǱˣǳӺѡ֮һͷ
ս޽ܣǺ䶯źµĴ顣
ӮܸıĿǰľƣǳˣӳ޽ܵţӮˣ֮ǿԵģʽҲᱻı䣬㶦
һжɲó
Ʒͳô
ò᲻˰ɣ
ҲûпܰϾԳŵʵҪս޽ܣҿҲֻ˵˵ѣ
ò᲻սӰɣ
ʱƣ˶۷׷ף˲²⣬ƷǸˡ
ڳ޽ҲʼЩͷʱȴӰ˽һǰһ̨߽ȴǳƷͳ˭ء
ô˶ˣǳٵˣƷЦ˵ȻûгٵҲ̤ŵġ
ƷĲͳ޽ܵ˵ԴγĶԱȡ
ʲôϵҵﻹѣ޽ܵ˵
޽ܽĿε˳ƷϣûϣǳƷεĶ޵ġ
ƫƫƷһҲʵĻʰ
޽ܣǳԶôǰЦ˵
㣿޽ܿһֱۣӿ˳ƷƷڱŪʲôıʲô˲ģһҺһսô
ƷЦһ˵ԸҲҪʲôıƣ˵һ㻹վ˵ɣ
ʲôʼɣ
ŵֱһ˵
ҾԸ
޽Цһһݹ⣬ɲǼ䣬Ѿ̨֮ϡ
ҲһԽ֮䣬͵̨֮ϡ
˿һĻǲɵҡͷȻŵһṦҲǿĺܣȻվ쾳ֶΣܺͨĸᲢۡ
ǲܷһ㣬ʵ̫Կˣ
Ȼû漣һԿţҡҡͷ˵
Ʒǰ֮ǰµĺڲóӲͷƤȥѡ
öϣ޽һ˿ҲΪˣͳжһġ
һн㣡
޽ܴһֵͨ˲ͷ˳ֱ̨ϵĽһ˲׷׸ſ
޽˵ţ䣬Ѿˣ˲䣬ϣͶһڳǹǹâͺһһ㣬ֱӳų̶ֱȥ
ǹâĿֲƳһ˲䣬ͽŸûˡ
ˣ
˵϶¶飬ڳ޽ȫֻ֮쾳ĳŸֵܹס
䣡
ǵһ޴ĺ֮ȴûпŵӰɳ
ô
һ¶˲˼顣
ȴ֪ʲôʱ򣬳ŵϣҲһ˳ǹεĵס˳޽ܵĹ
޽ҲоԼĹƾȻ赲ʱҲͬޱ𾪵Ŀųţֱš
ղһǹǱشɱŵ˼ֵģȴûܹκε˳š
޽ܣ㲻Ǻôû뵽ʵҲͽ˶ѣ
źٺһЦ
ܣôܽסһǹ
޽ȫ˼˵
㲻ֻһѣ
˭㣬ֻ쾳ˣ
ŹЦʱĿޣȫͷ˳
䣡
һɿֲͨϢȫͷ˳һּΪʹ飬һ£٣ǵ׳˶ٿͷֻԼûûҹУ˱Ҫ˯ʱ䣬ûκϢʱ䡣
ټϳƷƵ쵤ͨԪڿ֮С
ԲֻǳƷĹϵԼҲԶѰŬܶʱԵŻĳɼ
޽ܣõˣ


1208 ޽
˶ͻıʸˣǳԣԵˡ
ǵڳŵʵ˽ⲻˣųҲأô̶ܶһµʱ֮УͿͨ
뵽һǰƷĵĻǸоĪǳƷĻʲôħɣĻôܽһһͻƵͨ
ʵϣ۷嵽ͨѶ˵ܹ֮ͻƾѾʮ˲ˡ
һµʱͻƣǲ漣ʲô
ֻվĸ߶̫ˣûа취ǳƷֱӿ͸ıʣֱӴӸͻơ
ҲĪĿųƷǴûпùţȻƷúݺݵʵǵ֮ǰжôóţھ͸ожۡ
ǵĿʱڳźͳ޽ܵϣ׷ת˳Ʒ
ôģ
ƷƽЩƿ֮Уһµѵɹڿȫͷųˡ
أʱ򣬳Ŷˣеĳǹһɫĳֱ˲񷣬һǹһУֱӳų޽ܱ˹ȥ
䣡
䣡
䣡
һ޴ĺ·һöһöĵըѿһ㣬޴ĺ񳱱СС̨֮С
˴ʱѾܹȫʲô˫ӰѾ쵽˼ˡ
ͨĸֽжôĿֲʱ֪
СС̨ʵϸŲģ£˫ֻڽӲӲ

޽ŭɶȴֵķ֣ԼκβóţĹƶܹɵĵ
ʱƣ֣ŵˣǹٶȸˣÿһǹ̺֮ǹҲڷڣÿһǹ֮ǰӿֲĶˡ
ֻоȫѪŷʵϣǵһθͨĸֽ֣ǰֵʱ򣬶֣ϵһκֽͬͨ֡
ԭȻЩתĵطʱƣԽԽԲԽԽǿơ
ҲΪʲô޽ܸоԽԽѶԸĸԭΪڱǿȴûб仯˳֮£ĹƱˡ
ŶĹԹأԿ죬âĴ򷨣˿·硣
ôܣҲͨſͨ죬Ѿͨˣôܻ㣡
޽ŭһȫĹȫ˳۵һȻ˻һֲ쫷磬ֱӳųŵķϯȥ
ˣһн㣡
żϲȫĳ޽һ㶼ûк£෴ʮֵ˷ܣһǰûԼȻܹѹų޽ܴ
һǰô˵һΪԷˣȴˡ
ƣ
ųһȣȴеĳǹ͵һӴ˳ȥǹֲˣһѿصĹâ
һɲǼ䣬ȫ˷·𶼿һǹƣֻһǹѣȻܹ֮ڵɢ
Ȼֻһǹ⻯ѣʵģǼˣһǹҲ㹻ˡ
һǰʩչһеʱȣʱһǹȫͬն
䣡
ǹ˲˺ѿ˳޽ܵйƣǹâȥƲֱӺ˳޽ܵؿڡ
޽ܵ˫֮أǲ˼飬ôԼĹƾȻȫƿˣıֺͳȣֱС
أ
޽ܱһǹУϴŵķڼһ˲䵹˳ȥֱײ̨ϵĽϣֱһѪ˳
ֻһǹѣ޽ֱܾӲҰ˳ŵ£
һǰһǹԣһսһº󣬳žȻһǹش˳޽ܡ
Ƕ϶ϲŵģʮ꣡
ֳһļž˶ˣ
޽ܾȻˣôܣǺǿôô˲һ˾˵
ǳ޽̫һǳ̫ǿˣ˵һǹ̫ǿˣ
ޱص˵Ŀɨ˳Ʒ
ǳʵһڱǣǶֵһǹԴڳƷ
ٿƷޱȵ򶨣·һжƿ֮һ
һѵϵôԺ֮ͷ漴Ͼ˦˳ȥֻ˼顣
磬Ӯˣ
޽˷ܣһԾ¿ųƷ˵
ˣӮһ޽ʲôø˵ģ
Ʒ˵
Ѿſĳ޽˳ƷʱһѪ˳


1209 ָ벽ź
˶ɵˣ˵Ϯ˳޽Ժ䶯ȫ顣
ȻƷȴֵ˲мһˣԺͳԵ˶죬Ҫ˵ʲôȴ޻˵
ʧûʸ˵ʲôģ
Ŷ򲻹˵ҪԸԶԶҪȳŸǿĳƷˡ
ųƷͳŵ뿪һսĻӰȴ𽥷͡
кܶ࣬޽Ƕ˴ˣó˭֪ȴŷ
˲û飬ǵĵһӦǸܣϢԽԽϸһǹҲ˳
һǹܳ޽ܣѹԵó޽ܶһˣ
һҹ֮䶯ź֮ǰûۿţźӵ֮Ҳûгš
ڣ˶ףԸ⻹ǲԸ⣬һδս֮󣬳űȻҪ˵Ұ֮УΪһǿľߡ
£ʵźӵѾԭǿԱ㶦
һȴע⵽ڳŵıվŵǸĪĳƷ
ǰƷź֮ҲĪǸʱ֮ԻΪӼȴ̫̫ܵϲ
ȴȫͬˣͬĪ⣬ȴǳƷǿʵĲ²⡣
ƷֹֻһΣһξͽشʵʲôزû֪
Ǵܹ̳ŵҪ˵ûпͨҲǲŵġ
ʵʲô̶ȣȴ֪ҲҪ֪飡
͵ʱһϢ˲ͽµӰѹȥ
̫̫Ҫˣʡ׵̫̫Ҫˣ̫̫ͬʡ׵źҲһͬ
մݻĽų죬ܹص֮С
ʱµ˶ǳ޽ܻǳţǳǶδпܳΪźˡ
Ȼź˻ź˺̫̫
ź¶һһתΪӭź̫̫Ļع顣
һɷ糱Ӱ쵽˳ţŶȥ׼֮ǰƷĻ׼˳е׳־
ԭǾûϣΪźӣȴͬˣĿ֮£һǹ˳޽ܣ֤Լͨʵ
ʮ꣬˵ԭƵĵطڷΪڡ
ȻôƣȻԸӷ
֮ǰź֮иһ͸ˣƷ֪ȣҪźӣ͵Ҫź̵ӡ
һͻȥ׼ˣԴ˳ƷҲûǿһɷ糱ûκӰ졣
һˣһͨսǰѼƵҩҪҩġ
κֻҪǮµͿҪҩģҪͨսǰĵͷߡ
սǰﲻ֮İɣƷҩ嵥һ˵ٶѼ룬ò˶þͿѼҩġ
Ǹʱ򣬳ƷĻָָտɴˡ
һָˣǾˣ
ȻǿǺ͵۷ʱʵ̫Զˣͬն
ճƷӵĻָٶȥٹָܹ벽ս
ʱǱޣƷҲһôûյ෴ģһ̶˵޵Ḷ́´Լĸ
ƷаգֻҪָˣһܹͻƵͨأսһ¥
Ȼһ࣬ٶˣøɣ
Ϊ˹ؼʱźҪظһӰ춼ûУҲҪźӣҲ͸ûҪźǰơ
һƷĺԺ֮УƷڵϣƯڰ֮С
ȫһɷΧƣڷڣ
أƷһ۾ȫķһͷ˳ȥԺĽ綼ҵҡΣ·һ˲ͻֱӱһ
һɾһķֱӾͱƷ˻ûжһӰ졣
Ʒ³һȻһצʧ˿֮С
ڻָһˣ
Ʒʵ»ָ˰벽ĵزˣֻǺ͵һοȣͬնѰ벽ֱǲһԵҲԱݡ
ȫָҲֻһ֮ңˣǾһ֮ң·һĲࡣ
ҲָȥʹӴҴҸĳǱ֪һϢź١


1210 ҪȰң㻹
ʱѾź֮ĵˣƷ»ָ˰벽ս
ź֮ĵĴԺ֮УһԼĪʮģĻӶ鷿֮УŸļ
ȴǱˣǴκźҫ
󣬸һԼĪʮģĹӣӶڳҫһ·һľ׮һ㡣
أʱ洫һŲţһͨƷ
ҫ̧̧ͷɣ
һͦ޳Ӱ˽ǳƷ
ź򣡡Ʒһ˸Ҿ
ɣҫ
ƷҲֱܾҫӣ
Ʒʱ䣬˺ô鰡ҫųƷЦЦ˵
̫С˳ƷƷûһ˿һµ֮Իᱣȫ񣬲ǶʱźԼԲűоѡ
֪үָʲôƷ
˵޽ܶ˳ŵϣҫ˵
Ӻѡ֮ɵ鲢һ֪ʵϣҲּɣһִٳɵġ
һЩ֮ѡǿǸ̳źļҵ
Ȼ֮٣Ҳûа취ġ
ţƷܵȻ˵
˵̵ģҫּȥ
Ʒ˵ԼŬҲ΢㲦һ¶ѣ
ҫϼһ飬ˣ㲥һô
һµʱһصͻƵֻͨ㲦һ£ʲôŽ
ҫǺܿͿס˱飬Ʒ̬ҲѾϰˣʵϣѾǳƷһˡ
ÿһζӣ·Լƽƽָозâȴ¶ˡ
ԭƽΪúһӼƽûʲô˼οĸ֪ˣñѵһ١
úԼܼܵΪƵˣﻹЩݵġ
ڲͬˣΪ֣ԼƺûжԳƷ˽ܹ㲦һ³ţóͻͽҪ˵ԼʵУҫҲǲŵġ
ȻƷȴһֱѵǶźӵλһȤûô
ָųźӵİɣôԼһȤûôҫʵڳųźûоʲô⡣
һҰĲ£µҰĲƥ䣬ֻصľ磬ôҫԼҲὫˣǼȻѾͨǾͲͬˡ
ҲѧǳûʸźӵģƷ˵
ⲻʵ
ҫƶ˵óƷǾԼѧǳŲģֵȻǶԼΪŵ˲ܹеġ
ȴǺܶ˶޷ģ
ǳƷ͵ˣҪôţţضĳ̶ֳ˵ǻ£Ϊټ飬ܶˣ顣
ԵóƷȴˣжôѵã
Ʒ֪ҫ뷨֪Ҳᵱһ£Ĵ˶ˣҲվھۣ֮һźӵλûֵ󶯸ɸꡣ
Ȼҫ˵ˣƷҲͲˣֱ˵ΪźӶ˵һҵ־λۣ֮
ôĵӣ
ҫһ֮˸ĪĹâҪ֪ҪᶼûʸʸЩҲͷѪڳƷߣȴһ
û˸ǰôֱӵ˵
ֻʵʵ˵ˣǾȨһУȻȴʵһУҵʵڴκһľλҲʲô£Ʒֱ˵
үǺģȰȰɣ
ʱڳҫǸֱվ˳˵
ҪΪκĺûô򵥣
ҲãҲȰȰҫ˵
ԭƷļƻУѡ˵֮УڳƷչֳԼķɣóҫЩþӷˡ
Ʒ뷨ʵ̫ˣ׵ʱÿ˶ΪԼԸı磬ȻԼı䲻ˡ
һǰͨѹ˳ȴƵĺܺãȫѹ˳Ʒ
Ȼһͨصĸֻ֣һͿԿͨصľ硣
ˣڴκ֮Ҳѵõĸ֡
Ʒ΢΢һЦ˵ҪȰң㻹񣡡


1211 ɲĳƷ
Ҳ¶˼ŭݣΪκ֮УҲϵĺ֣ƷȻ˿
Ȼҫʵϣҫĸ㡣
ƷȻҿ
С񣡡
ЦһɲǼ䣬Ѿɱ˳Ʒǰֱһ˳Ǿ򵥵һƣֱ˳ƷļͷɲǼ䣬һ˳ǹ̳һٶֺֿݡ
ֻǼ򵥵һ֣ǼΪһУƷֱ۶ʱϵ
ֻҪѵһ³Ʒûô÷ֻһǾֵһȴĪ
Ʒ죬ֱ̧֣ͽһ赲
ô
ʱоһɾȻֱ۷飬æ÷һĸоֱΪޡ
յƷֱӳˣһ㣬ҲͬһָֻǼ򵥵һָѣһָʱ򣬼ֱһ콣
â˺ѿһУҲͬļͷȥ
ʱһƷеٶ̫ˣƼٱ仯ֱӳųƷһָȥ
أ
һ޴ƺ˶սĹģûж÷ˣҲʮ־˵ġ
⣡
˼жȥһǻ΢һƷ֪ʲôʱ򣬾Ѿߣͬ
أ
أ
أ
ֱָཻڰ֮кһ
Ƭ֮䣬Ѿǽп಻ƷֱĿ¡
ֻһָȻֱܹ۵ķ飬ĸоһ˵ٶȳȫɢȥ
ٽּУȫܾҪ׷ˣԷⶼϲɢٶȡ
뵽֣һɲǼ䣬Ϊȭһȭͬ׺һ㣬ųƷ˹
һȭĿֲˣһĳһ㣬ɲǼ䣬ͷˡ
ƷҲӽںˣƬ̼Ĺ򣬾ȻƷƵǽǣнˡ
ֻͬǼ򵥵һָ
䣡
ֱָӹᴩȭǳİ׺磬һָ㵽ȭͷϡ
һԵĳҫɴ۾֪һս˭ʤ˭
ɻֻһ˲Ѿ˳ˣΪѾƵǽˣڸֱײǽ֮ϡ
һֱѾĴ
ƷֻǸֶ˿
˭ʤ˭Ѿʮˣ
ҫ¶ȫ˼飬ƷȻӮˣֱǲ˼飡
ȻͷβûôùǳƷֺγǣӲӲս֮У˭ҲûռˣȴǳƷʤˡ
һоѾʮ˵ˣ
ƷȻӮˣ
ˣ
Ʒ˵
ֱӶ˷ܿĸоһȫڵѪƽ˵̫Сˣ书Ȼزֱǲ˼飬ϣҷ·𿴵ʦӰӣ
ҲһߣʱҲǻ벻ֱԲ䣬ֱӽƷ˺ʦһǿߡ
ͷβƷݺݵѹסˣ˵Ѿ˳˷֮һֶΣǻκβóƷ֮ȵǳƷδȫ
ֻˣͽǽǣ⻰˾ĸоѾܾúܾöûйˡ
һԵĳҫ¶˼Ȳ˼飬Ϊ֪ʦ̩ɽϺųȭڵһΪɲ⣬ٶǰѾλеκ֮жĪ
ȻƷôһëͷСӱĻظⱾһ˼漣
ȫһսʱһѵõĺöһ
ˣ㲻ҵĶ֣αأƷҡҡͷ˵ܹ̳ĵӣʦҲһĻҵмȤ
˵ͷȻ֮гƷһ£ѾûƢˡ
Ʒʵȷʵȫ֮ϣǸգ뷨ԶһҪƷǿʸ˵Ļ
ʦ֪ôһ˵Ĵڣ϶ҲȤģһ죡
ţ
Ʒ˵ͷ˵
һԵĳҫ֮˸ĪĹâͻȻ˵ȻˣҲǿ㣬츮һ磬Ҫμӣ
ã
Ʒȸˣ


1212 δţ
ڳƷ뿪֮ãҫſ˵ôǿ
Ҳ˵ͷ˵ǿǿĲ˼飬ֱΪһӣţҲκţ˵ʵûһ֮Ტ۵ģܹ΢ﵽͬһˮƽߵĶûУŲǶʮѣΪֱ漣
ǰǶˣ
ҫ¶˼ֿЦ飬֮ǰҪըƷĵƣҪһֱųź֮ΪĪӺѡ˵ĵϸΡ
ըըˣȴԼһ
ûԼ
ըôһ
ȻƷԼʦȽϣ
ҫ֪ʦģҪǸʦн飬ΪѵʱҲܱĻ
ֵεĸ֣κǺˡ
ܺʦȣҫǲ˼˵ѾЩܽܳƷʵǿˡ
Ѿͨصĸ֣Ķ֣ƷӦѾͨ۷ˣһŬҲͨصΪǲ̫Զˡ
ѫ֮ΪҲ̸϶⣬ԴԼ϶ѻǾһеվʡ
ʣ⼸ѾǼˣܲܿͨûаգͨ۷壬ûϷ
ѹֳƷѹνźӵλõһˣּĴڣûоλκ֮У˭ֿСء
֪͸ľ磬ܹһսҹľôߵĻĺȫһսҲûа취͸ĵϸʦľҲҳҲЩͷˣͲˣҡҡͷ˵Ҹҿ϶ǲʦôǿҲ֪δĳɾͣҲʦǸεģԺүҪ£Ķ񻯣óڣ
Ҳ֪Ϊʲôһֱʵסں֮Уõһᣡ
ҫЦҡҡͷƷֻǳ¶âԸ£ڳƷʵ˵ѾˣܹҲûжˣϾܹóƷּǿĶĵˡ
˵ûлǸƻУҫ˵
ǸƻѶ̫󣬳ﵽʦǸ磬ʸ룬ȹ۲һ˵ǸƻԲ͸¶Ļ룡ҡҡͷ˵
׵ģ
ҫ뵽Ǹƻ˶Ϊ֮һ֮бһ׹⣬˫ȭգҧгݡ
Ʒ֪뿪֮󣬳ҫĶԻҲںڶ˵ûʲô˺ͻָҪˡ
ν粻ֹ
ƷոջصһƷ֮Уȴ֣Ų֪ʲôʱѾһһƷ֮УҿڣΪǱ
˿ʵ̫ˣ
ƷϸһȴŵؿڱİȥԴӡİȥϴһڼףֻ¾ҪֱӴ򴩡
ʱæõĵҩţһµʱ֮УҲ˳ƷͳŵĹϵܺãҵ
ŵҲﲻʲôæֻ˵ҩ
㵽ô£ô
ƷæǰԼķŵϣʱԭҰ׵ɫҲºϱİݽȥ˿Ҳһ˵ٶȻָ
Ƭ̼Ĺ򣬳ϵƾѾָ˸߰˰ˡ
ҾȻûˣ̫ˣžϲ˵磬̫ˣ
ʲôҵһ½һ˿ھˣԺдãƷڻʼս֮ҵ˵ĹѡһָţǵѰֶΡ
Ʒͽһƪ˿ھ˳ţŶʱ־ϲȻΪƷߣҲóһƪھжôľˣһƪھˣֻò˶ãϵƾܺóˡ
һαشûѡڸˣѡһƷ̫ˡ
Ѿûˣл磡
æ
⵽ôһ£ôᱻ˴ӣΪݣ˭֣Ʒüͷ΢˵ѵǳ޽ܣ԰޽ܵΪӦòĶֲŶԣ
Ǹˣ̫̫ˣſЦ˵һ̫̫ʡ׻һһˣ


1213 һߵ˽
ˣʲôˣƷʵ
磬㻹Ŵ£
ſųƷЦ˵
ƷֻרעԼ֮УһжǺܹģҲһѣΪԼоԵţܷʲôӰ첻Լ
ҲҪѣ֪Ǹܵ顣
̫̫ԭ۶ҵС㣬һ̽׻֮СүʢҲһˣ
ҧ˵
Ʒ΢΢һüκѫ֮УʮԼĺУΪԹģͲһЩˣ
̫̫ܹźмţΪźĸ֮⣬Ϊ
ô˵ǸСү˵ôƷüͷһ˵
أûж֣˵ţЦһһģ֪ʲôĻôǾǼˣȻ˵ҪɨǴǣֱ̫浱Ǵô
ڴκ֮У̫֮أȻžصĵλ۶֮Ƽĸָ࣬ǲ۹֮УΪĵط
Ǻ͵۶صѫҲһˣǵ۶ȫ󲿷ֵԴεѹ˴ǡ
֮еѫҲв
ɨɨȥʲô飡ƷƲƲ˵
磬ΪҹôΪǸ޽ܣ޽ͺͳʢ깴ᵽһģź飬ƾʲôһ֣ȻҾңг˼
ҧ˵
ô˵ôͳ޽ܻǱֵأˣƷʱЦһ˵ܵҲ̫ˣ浱Լ޵ô
ɲǣģһûгԹôĿ
ŭգ֡
ֻңҲˣ
ô˵ӦҲֵܿˣҲŻŹңƷһЦ֮ȴ
˭ǳƷ
˵Ĺ򣬵ʹһ޴
ʱһƷ⣬һĸߴһ֡
мֵܿ죬͸о̫ԾˣΪ֣ΧЩ·ĸӶһֿɵƵڿ
ɵĶģİɣ
϶ˣôɵƣУ
ҿҲǣŻ֪ɽӵҩ˵жôĿ°ɣ
ЩӶÿɵһ꣬ΪȻÿһ˶ɽӵҩ˳֣ǻٶ˵һЩ
սǰĸͨصĸ֣ɽӵҩһ˽ˣսǰҲûҳ˵һϻ෴ģսǰﻹŻɽӵҩ˾ǵѣ˭ԣǺսǰԡ
ǵһﶼѾˣ֪ʱ֮Уɽӵҩͷж󣬺˼ɽӵҩ¶棬ǲΪҩһֵĴ档
֮⣬ɽӵҩĵҩҩЧģҪóһϡ
ÿ»ϼܣͻᱻһɨգвٻƵģƷҲûв˽һЩĻҩĵҲ
ƳĵҩƷҲҪɵģҪ򹤡
ЩӶԽԽ֣оһЩգҪȴɽӵҩڣӰ˳һǰһ
ںǸˣ֪ǳţǰǸˣҲӰͼΣǱˣǳƷ
һģƷָĸߴ˵
ǵ۶Զҵĵճӣ壡ſǰˣɵú޵ҧгݵġ
֮ǰոջ˳޽ܵԴĸоһӾͱûˣһֱʱŷ֣Ʒ֮ǰ˵۽̫Сʲô˼
źĺѡӵУȷʵһˣ̫ˣСЩѫӵ˵Ͳ̫Զˡ
ȻһҵСүĺ޻ֱܴ֮衣
ƶˣ΢΢һЦڿʲôЦһĿųš
ǳƷ˵Ű첻Ķү̽㣬ĲҪ룡
ת˳Ʒ֮â
˵ţɲǼͶˣͬͻһ˹һȭͬһһɨ
ãСģ
æһ
ȴƷҲֱ̧ž͵һ߹ȥ
أ
һȭδüƷֱӾͱƷһУһƺ֮ͬߵķһ㵹˳ȥ
ֱ˽֣


1214 ƷҪÿ
ɴ䣬ҲûʲôĶֻһŶѣֱӾߵ˽ˡ
ֻһŶѣؿھͰ˽ȥǳƷˣ֮һžսߵըѿ
ƾ㣿Ҳңʲô
ƷЦһ˵
ƷʱһѪ˳ҳƷ鷳ҪѵѵƷ֪ʲôвȾָĶ
˭֪Ʒһ˽ˣһʵûзӳͷ·ߵһ֮ϡ
ƷǶмһ˵飬˵ֱı
ΧЩӶһĻ¶˹Ȼ˵飬Ĳ𲢲ɽӵҩ˵һʵѾǿ˲˼ĵز
ѰֱͨһоͿԴ˽֣
һԵĳſޱȵĽȻԼֵģҲݺݳһڶ֮ǰܣҪ䡣
СүŹģ
ǿһѪ֮ҧ˵
ңҲҪȥЩ²ܾͿԹܵģΪ˭׳գ
ƷЦһ廹óʢѹƳƷ˭ϳƷ޾峣ʢ꣬ӡ
Ʒ˵꣬ͳ˷ɽӵҩ֮С
ô֪ʲôо֮˰ɣƷЦ˵
磬ҴˣҲԴһŬУ
Ƶ
źУΪͷһСԺ֮УһȺΧһУΪ׵һ꣬еģۣһ˫ޱȵΪˡ
Ŀ֮£˷׷׵ͷʾ˳޽ܾС
˵ˣ޽һĵ˵ǰǴһ֮һĸ֣ǱĶ֣ҪɨҲʲô£
Ǹеĵ꣬ǱˣСүʢꡣ
ʢ¶˼ֵЦݣʲôһǶѣܣԺźľλ۹ҪԶһ㣬͵۶ȣǵĸʵ̫Сˣ
ǣǣҳźԺһΨհ޽æ˵
Ȼô˵кصƨɣЩ꣬ĸǸѫ֮󣬵Ҳ׷װݷ˳ʢ¡
ڵ۶֮УʢҲѫӵϵ֮еһ֮ס
ʢĵ˵ͷȻܣصδȵδΪ޽ٳΪź˫ڳ֮ϾܹΪͬˣδ˵дá
ȻΪʲôðź򲻸ҲҪ飬ʵջһδүСܵջ̫һЩ
ʲôţɸ㶨ˣʲôܣд˵㼸䣬ʵһеĸʵ̫ˣ㹻ʵЩ˱Qôʢ국˵
ǣһŬУ
޽ҲЩƣһǽ츳һǽԴ츳ڣԴҲȲЩˣΪͳźĴˣСҲǰźӵı׼ġ
ڶЩˣ
Ҳò˵˵ˣʲôѡӵѡΣⲻ費ôʢԽ˵Խ󣬼

ᵽ޽ҲʱޱΪ֣ѾΪˡ
Ҳ׷׸Ÿ͡
ôûʢ겻ɵЩֵ˵
磬ɲҪСǸƷթƻľǸƷʲôţҶûзϣ
޽æ˵
νʲôթƻıƣھʵ֮£Ǹƣ
ʢһֱ֣˵
أʱһ󼱴ٵĽŲżС̧ŵ˽ڵߺҽвѵˣȴ˭ء
ô
˭ģ
ôĵӣҴֵܣ
ʱЩѫӵܷ׷˵ǶоֱԼ⵽˼ơ
ǣǴŸ߸ϵ˼ģ屻˴ˣǾڴǵô
ܿ죬˾͸˵ôһ£ԭȥҳƷ鷳ȴƷһ߲ˡ
Щ۶ѫӵܷ׷״ŭǵӡУӦûʲôֲŶԣȻЩһĸ־һˡ
ЩһĸһҲ֣Ϊǵıĸվһǿѫ塣
Ϊˣѹû뵽ķ
ãããʢҧгݵֻоһģ֮ǰĵĴţƣھȻ˺ݺݴ
ƷһҪÿ


1215 ҽ
ʢδʧܣղŸĵĲƷȻʵȴݺݴһƣף鲢ûô򵥡
˵߲ͬ޽ܵȻͬ¶ѿ飬ȴһ£Ϊ֪ʵҪǿˣѾ뵽ͨأ嶼һ߳ˣƲƷʵжôľˡ
ѿϣͷβֻһƣһŵơ
Ҳ˵ƷͷβֻһУµġ
֮ǰεҪԸƷ鷳ԭܷΪʲôƷһֻһץסʰһ٣ͻȻúҡ
Ҫ֮ǰѳƷǻˣҲǱһ߲еµĳ֮ǰɾӱƷһŸ߲ء
뵽е㲻
ͬʱпʼʹ˳ƷʵΪʲôоԼһУڳƷǲѹһЦ
ԼһСҰһˣ뵽ķ
ǴʱѾʶˣԼ϶ǳƷĶ֣ΨһܹģԶ糣ʢˡ
ƷһҪ㸶ۣʢŭ졣
磬ȱ𼱣첻ǻһôʱ֮ϻڶ˲Ǹãʱ޽˵
죿ʢҧ˵
ڻܳƷʢ֮ϻܳƷ
ȷŹÿ
ʢЦ˵
ô᲻źǸûģ˵ҲνΪվֻһСү۵λҲź
ûʲôµģ
ڶ죬źתź̫̫֮ǵһٿᣬȫ£ܹеŵˣ֮йصϰ׾ȫۼ
һλСүԼһȺѫӵ֮
һεῪʼ֮ǰҲ˵ˣСүʢɲǺģոźû죬͹ȻźӵѡΣźͳԭֿȵӺѡ˾شϡ
ָоܣǳʢʢˣ˳޽Щ֮⣬˶оЩ
ֱ˴ϼŵĸо
絽ʱ򣬳ƷŲŸոһڴſڵʱ򣬾ͱһ˸סˡ
˲Ǳˣǳ
һһᣡ
Ʒ˵һᣬΪͳ֮ûʲôϵ޽ĸϤһЩ
ȴЩɻʱΪʲôء
ʱĳɲãɫЩҰף֮ǰ֮սƵڻδȫ͸ϾǳţгƷæˣһҹĹѾȫָˡ
ҲͨȻ˵ȫˣҲһ룬벻ڴ
£Ʒֱӿżɽ˵
˿Ʒأ֮ſ˵ƷҴ˳ӵᣬȫλ
ԳƷ־Ҳɵеһ񣬸оֻ˰
ôⲻǳƷ˵ģǳ̲ס˵
뵽ɵÿЦһ˵ԭΪҲʳΪźӵˣ㣬ǳ޽ܣҲŶϲֺҲҳˣһԶԶ񣬺οұʢ裬˳𲻱ĲΪˣܹһģȥҲֻˣ
ΣλҲãǳλҲãԲǳ޽ܣ
ķǳһѾˣűгƷ޽ܱгʢ˭ʤ˭󶼿϶ֲ
ʢͲ˵ˣǿʵԶټǿѹ
˵ʢ궼Ҫֻ֣ҪµЩѫӵκһܹɵĻ
ͳŲһģóƷĻ˵ǾǶ̫ĿǳˣǵĿֻоССź֮Уųʢǿƽ룬ף̫Сˡ
ҲǷǳѵģΪŬô꣬Ҫ˵׷ȻǲģǲҲҪʵƷŻʤȫˡ
ΪͳƷŲû̵̫ìܣǳ޽ʤֻڴ֮ضûˡ
ʵѹ֮£ûѡ
Ż֮УƷѾڵʯ֮ˣʱ΢΢һЦ˵ҶźӵλûȤԸţǸʢ꣬ȥˣ


1216 ޽ܳ
͸ˣ
һȭͷ˷ܵ˵
ģʲôҵСүôǼˣʲôʸǼҵأ
һԵĳȻû˵Ҳ飬ʱǵ涼һµģô򣬵һˣǾһˡ
ֻǶһУźһÿɷӣޱȵơ
޽Ǹ⣬Ըǣ治֪үΪʲôΪѡˣƵ˵
İɣΣ޽ܶʧȥʸģƷЦ˵
磬Ϊʲôô˵Щɻ˵
Ʒ˵ǲǳʰ޽ܶԶʧȥĿԣΪףеڣ
˶еɻӣƷ˵ûǴĻڵϵӦúźһ·˰ɣ
˶ʱȻ˶Ǳֻ֮ǰû뵽ˣڳƷһѣǶʱҲˣʵϣȻ̫̫еС㣬ʵ⼸ĹϵԽԽԶ
źתͥĻ;Ȼưոݣʢű֧֣ȻҲѡĴ顣
ֻҪźһӣȻԴӦģ
˶ź˽϶һܵڲˡ
޽Ϊ֮λ᳣ʢ꣬Ȼʵ׳ֵģ顣
ˣ̾ʶزˣ޽ܿ϶ûΪźˣĻźһ·ˣźȴΨСүհ˻ôź򣬻᲻Ϊ
ʱȵĿųƷЩ˵˾һĲֵ飬û˵Ļ˶͸顣
޽Ȼûʶһ㣬Ϊһ֣ʢҲʢˣûоʲôףַʵ̫򵥴ֱˡ
֮󣬳϶ˣƷȻͬ죬һô򵥣
Ʒô˵Ժ󣬳ͳ˶ˣô޽ܶѾˣֻʣһˣǺݺݷʢꡣ
ʢܿٿźйϵ˵Ҳ׷׾ƷҲų˾ǵĶ棬ǳʢ꣬޽ܵˡ
ҲǳƷһμʢˡ
ȻʢͼǳƷҲѾˣʢΪȻͨ۷ĲΡ
ʮ˵ȷʵܾˣֳͨ˵ʮ껹׶Ρ
֮ǵǳ೤𾭹˿ѧҪˡ
ͨĸҲֻٶ֮ȴӵ볬ϵ
ֱ˵Ҳʱѣɱʱ仹̫ˡ
ԿƼ˵ܹ˵ܹвֵټϼǽȳǿͶʹãɱñҪ
Ȼķչ̶ȣֳ˲ֱ࣬ƽϵĴڣͬն
Ϊڴ֮УҲǲƥеĴڣ۶ȻκĺڣһˣΪ
ƷĿڣָʵ˵ҲҪǰ۶һء
ƷҪСĵ㣬ҸոյõϢʢ˰ڳƷԱߣ˵
ʱѾϨ˼֪ԼûʲôϣˣҲûκαѱѹڳƷϡ
ӼʶƷı֪֮ҪĻôܻء
ģûʲôô
ƷЦһҲĻϣܳʢʲôʵǺ̫Զˡ
ڶ棬ʢһ˫ĿҲͬĶס˳Ʒˣǰˣ漴¶˼̵ֲЦݣҪĿ֮£һˡ
ûãźҲЯ߼ҾڵˣĵľˣһźһһԼĪ߰ʮģ̫̫̫̫׷˿ȴΪ
ʵϣڵźԺ̫̫ģź˺ź֮ǰļһϮ֮ˡ
Ʒ̫̫ոͳųƷ֡
гԾȻ֪Ʒܳ裬ڿԶԶѰĻҪܳһЩ
̫̫ȻԼһλø˳Ʒ


1217 һϰɣҸʱ
ƷǧҾź򣬼̫
⺢ӣô񣡡
̫Ц˵Ʒʮִģ·ǿԼǸ׵Сһ
ھȹ󣬶ûбʾʲôΪǶһĻѾϰˣ̫̫ƫƷֲһ顣
Ψг޽ܿҧгݣӶûܹõ٣Ʒƾʲô
ƷҲƴǣֱ̫ʱʱĺ̫˵˵
ȻƷҲ֪̫ΪʲôôãþǶãڳƷΪĹȥһʱ֮УҲƷڷ絲꣬ƷǷǳмġ
λٰᣬһʹҾ۾ˣҲһʱûмˣһһٵĽӷϴ磬κһģһȺԵ۶Ŀˣ
źվ˵
Ǽ磬ҶҪһгԺúȺã
źĻʼϲˣѾ׼ˣ˷׷׿ʼƱյｻһʱ䣬շǳĻȡ
ƹѲ˾㷹֮أһѫӵվ˵λڵ۶ҲŴ֮˽ܵ飬ڶ࣬ڿƺģź֮νӺѡˣѾʶλˣǳǳţʧ˵һƷʵڣ֪Ҳָһ
ҲǺ˾ˣѫӵܺ˵Ļȴͱˣ˶ɵ÷˿ӣ¶˼ŭݡ
Ƿﰡźϡ
ˣŭĿӣ֮ǰɻܣ˵ֱܴ衣
Ҳ𴵵ô岻Ҳһ߲ôǵ۶ľôҲ˰ɣֱ˵
·ֵ˵۶Щѫӵϲÿˣڴǵ
ѫӵɫǵĸͨ죬ȻֱӿųƷƷҲҳս
Ʒ˿ӣվ˵һȺСѣ
˵ʲô£Щ۶ѫӵܼըëˣƷȻš
Ʒȥ
̫̫˵ǵĳƷȻˣȴûϺͿȻóЩҵġ
Щ˳Ա˳ŵģźĻˣҸϳȥ
ֱ̫̫ӷˣΪкԺô꣬һֲŭˡ
̫̫ĻܵĻ׷ǰ
źˣҲ赲ҲֻЦЦĿųƷĴ
ƷֻǵһЦ˵̫밲ЩС󻹲Ҫ˼Ҷ֣
ѹҲûнЩ˷̫̫ǵŻֱӲ֣̫̫̫Сˡ
ȻҪȣǾ͵һ£
Ʒ˵ţֱԱߵһĿȥ
֣ƷҪʲôʱȴƷԱߵһľϽ֦һ֦ȻָֻΪɾͽΧ֦Ҷն
Ƭ֮䣬Ƥһȥһӡ
ȻƷʩʩȻ߻سУһ˶ߵĹӵˣԿʼˣ
ƷڲҪ󱧷ţҲδ˰ɣοһľڶأǸѫӵܿųƷɣʱȻŭƷѹҲһľѣֲͨˣ˵ϸͨľֲһָͷҲܹꡣ
Ը飬һľҲˣ
Ʒ˵
ЩֵĿųƷǿˣĶء
ȴƷŲæĽ˵ɣ˭ҲģһվˣһϰɣҸʱ䣡
Ҹʱ䣡
˶±ˣ˵ģûô˵ģôĸʱ䣡
һԵĳſĴָǲһ㣬װҲװףһҪԺװƿʹá
ʣƷĻҲЩѫӵܶ׼ŭˣ˳ʢûг֮⣬˶׷˳С
ʱҲ˲˶۸ˣƾֱƷôһ˵Ҫݺݽѵһ³Ʒ
ʱźʾ֮£Աæм˹ֱӲ˽硣
Щֽ棬ŵ㣬ܹźˡ
ЩѫӵܽƷΧסƷֻһľЩˣ¶˼Ц顣
ϣ֪֪
Щѫӵ֪ܲ˭һ˾ǵõһ㣬׷׳ųƷ˹
ɲǼ䣬ͻȺ֮һ㡣


1218 ɱѫӵ
ʮѫӵܼ峯ųƷˣЩҲǵ֮ÿһͨϵĸ֣ͨأأͨصĸ֡
ССĿռ֮б˵ȫʩչǵٶҲȫ˳
ڳܹǵĶʵ࣬ÿһ˶ɵôΪ
ôĸͬʱ֣ôСĳأЩѫӵ˵һƣǶڳƷ˵ֺγأΪŲռСˡ
أʱ򣬳Ʒˣиոõľֱӳǰ˹ȥ
أ
һѫӵܸոշֱӱľУԶԶȥͷ·Ӳһľײһ
һ̫ˣѫӵܶʱһƺߣ˵˳ȥݺײ˵ϣľѪ
ֲǣоȫ·һɾϯһ飬ȫĹͷҪɢˣһʱ
Ʒһһѫӵܳɳȥ֮󣬼ûκͣЪ˳ƺɨ˳ȥʱڰеѫӵֱӾͱɨ˳ȥ
ֻһĲҽУӰͱɨ˳ȥݺײ˽ϡ
ϵķֱӾͱƷôһͨͨľˣϵķڼҲһ֮бķ顣
Ƕš
ѫӵܳʱ䣬ɱ˳Ʒϡ
ȴֱһգΪĳƷνֻ΢ζһ£ǾֱӴӳƷ֮д͸˹ȥһա
أ
һ⼸˵˳Ʒǰѫӵܱһһɨһԡ
ۣ
Щѫӵܷ׷׿Ѫֻоؿڵ߹ǶҪȫˡ
һзļֱۻңһжֻɲǼĹЩѫӵܾѾһˡ
һͨΪ޷ʩչ
̫˰ɣ
˴ʱһڴϢĻᣬղһսֻоֻҪգһ۾ͻ᳹״һս
źµˣͶЩ۶ôʮֲˣڿƷһľͰǽѵİʱ׷׽к
Ψгʢͳ޽˵鼫ѿ
ʱڳУ߰˸ѫӵܣǴʱһӾƾˣǸղŶһûܹһʱԳƷǾôһɲǼĹ򣬾Ѿ˽һˡ
ƷһľĽŶû뿪ԭء
ʱǲʶˣһ˺ݲӣʱŷӦ֮ǰ屻Ʒһ߲еʱ򣬾Ӧоġ
۶Ķôô̫ϧˣ
Ʒ˵
Щѫӵܷ׷ױŭǲ֮ǰӲִٳˣЩڵϰѵģǸղäĿֵġ
һÿģ
ʱһѫӵܴһͨϢȫͷ˳֮ǰ˼ɵĶܶ࣬ʵ϶ûȫ֣ȴͬˣѾûеѡˡ
ɲǼĹ߰˸ѫӵϢȫͷ˳׷ǵγ˸
ЩѫӵܶǼѧԨԴÿһһǿļ壬Ȼÿһϳ˵ѧȫͷ˳
˼Ϊѫ֮ҵĵ̡
ȻŽ磬˶ܹܵЩͨϢĿ£׷ΪƷ
֮ǰͬˣЩѫӵܶˣǸղӲˡ
䣡
ЩѫӵɲǼһˣеĹһɺųƷǵصϯ
Ʒ黹ôȻ·ûнεĹһֻеĳˡ
ҲҲһУ
Ʒһεض𣬷գɵ˰УһľݺݳЩѫӵܵķ˹ȥ
¡
ЩѫӵܺκβóƷֱӾͱһͨͨľҵ÷ˡ
ôܣ
ЩѫӵأԻŵӣֻһѰľ˵Ӧõһʱͷ˲Ŷԣû뵽ȻܹǵĹ
ֱ漣
ֱһӽЩҵķ֮һľȥƲ෴ģһ˵ٶȳЩѫӵȥ
һľĿֱֲӴ綼ھҵĶ·ˮĲһ㡣
أ
ڣһЩѫӵֱӱɨУ׷ײҽһɨ˳ȥݺײ˽ϣ׷׿Ѫֱӱش
һɱ
ƷɱЩҲֻһжѣ
˿һĻأԲţϾһпô˼顣
ǰһ̳ƷǱΧһ̣Щ˾ͷ׷ɵˡ
תҲ̫˰ɣ


1219 Ѿģ
һתʵ̫ˣûиԷӦʱ䣬һоͶѾˣ
ÿ£
˶ǵһʶƷʵ֮ǰƷȻһ߲йԵļ¼ǳֻ쾳ѣʬһصֵͨĺ˳ȣֱ֮𣬸ͲһϵĴڡ
ǳƷصʵô
ʵʲôزˣһľ
۷׷źڳʵΪһĻǵʵ̫ˡ
˵ǵ߸ǵۣǶڳƷĹӡ󣬲һ̫̫谮ܹλ˰ˡ
ڿӣƷصʵʵ𾪡
Ǽֲˣʱ䣬ųƷ˴棬΢ЩѾƽˣͳƷһƽսǰ︱˽ֵĺ˳ָʲôˡ
ǳȴͬˣһοƷ֮ǰҲǳų֣ڵĳᲢۡ
Ʒһֱôô
ð죬ͻȻ˵
ǰһֱֻһֱŶѣ
Ȼ˵
ĬˣѹֳƷԼôˣƷҪĻֻǶûϣǳƷȴѻø˳š
ʱֻޱȵļʰΪʲôûܹʱʶƷء
ΪҲӦˣƷźӵλøûʲôҰģ˵˭Ҫ͸˭û
ܹķֳƷķͬѰĻҲǿԻóƷֵ֧ģĻڳͷľͲǳţˡ
뵽Ͳɵޱȵֻ˵ⶼ
ԽǼʶ˳ƷԽǲʲôˣԳƷʵҪʰǷַӵ顣
֮⣬̫̫֮Ҳޱ𺳵ģһֱѳƷǳʱֲӣû뵽֪֮ƷѾزˡ
ֻǺ˲ͬ𾪹֮ο飬Ȼмֽ
źҫĶųƷ֮˸žâǲ֪ʲô
ʵϣƷ²ľ棬ҲģҪᣬܹܲƷʵƳһ֡
ϾƷ̫ˣص˼źҲûܹ
Ʒ֮󣬻Ǹһľϲ
ó״̬֮µĳƷֻ»۷״̬Ͼ֪ˣֻһѰľóӵķֻϾҪˡ
Ʒľֻվ˳ĳʢ꣬˵ոˣ֪ûȤ³ָָ㣬Ҫ˾ˣ
ʲô˵ˣʢոȷʵҲƷһһ£Ҫ˵£ǾԲܵģƷôһֱ̾վ˵
Ǿ³ɣƷ˵һ仰Ҫ㣬Щ£ܾܹܵģΪʲô
ʢʱɫΪѿߵ˳У֮һץһͨڵĳУȫϢ˲䱬˳ֱӱƽͨ۷壬֮ǰƷܵİҪǿһЩ
ҵĶ֣ƾ㣿ʢ꿪ڣ໹֪˼ҶʱΪ֮һ˳ʢϣ˶ڳʢʵɵ˸Ĳ²⣬ʣֻ֮ǰЩѫӵܱȵ˵ġ
ɣҾͽˣƷָųʢ˵

ʢʱˣڵĳһ˲䶯ˣֱնһ˵ĵââնֱӽضնˡ
䣡
ֻܹâĿˣһж˺ˣҪн磬᳡ҪһʢȻĿˣޱȣȷʵԼʵġ
Ʒǲʾһľֱ糤ǹһͱ˳ȥ
أ
âͳֱײһڰ֮еĳʢĹֵסˣǰãܹоһɸӿֲ˹ɲǼ䣬Ҫ˳ȥ
ʢڰ֮з˺ü֮󣬲жһɿµľ
΢عȴƷ֪ʲôʱѾ嵽ǰˡ
Ӧ˵ٶ̫ˣ˶ûзӦʱ򣬳ƷѾȥ
أ
ֱӳ˳ʢϣʱʢһƺߣ˵˳ȥݺײ˻᳡ĵϣذȫײ˷ĩײһ󶴡


1220 ʢ
һֱӽʢ鵽˵ϣʢȫڳ鴤ûȫͷˡ
ɴ۾һû
ʱˣΪʲôЩ¾Ȼ˲һˡ
Ȼ£Щѫӵܱѫ˼Ҳʲô˶յģҲͨϵģܹķۡ
ƽʱҲһ֣һ˾ͿԺɨźЩһ
ЩԳƷʱ򣬾Ȼ׷׵סƷһԱ߿ʱֻȫ˼飬Ʒˣŷˣжôֲ
򵥵ֻһͷ·һ޴Ըײһһ
ϵڼ׾Ȼֱ˿Ҫûڼ׵Ļ˿ɣԼ»ᱻմ򱬡
ȴƷվڸ߿֮УӸ£߸ϵĿԼһĮһ㡣
ָ߸ϵĮѹԼ飬Ʒ񳹵׽ŭˡ
ʢ꿴ųƷƷΪѾӮˣҸƴˣ
ʢһȣȫ¾ȻʼӿѪɫʲôط̼ȫķŷ
ĹҲһۿɼٶȿʼɲǼ䣬Ѿͨأ嵽ͨء
˳ʢʵһΣЩΧ۵ź˶¶˺Ȼ飬ʢȻƵϣǿͨ۷ʵȻƵ˲òطĵز
طʣ϶ɾ޴Ӱ졣
Ǽˣʢ껹Ǻԥ˳֪Ƕôıŭˡ
ź򿴵һĻϵҲˣЩһζû뵽ġ
˵ֻǵĻô޽ܾǿ־ˣû뵽Ʒܹǿĵز
ֱ޵еı糣ʢԳƷʱȻƵزĻˡ
ʱѾʼЩȥǳƷˣ漴ֻһ뷨ˡ
Ǿóʢս֮ɱƷΨˣܹɱƷֻƽ֣˵Ҳ֮֡
ʱֻʣʶһ仰ˡ
ɱɱɱ֣
飡
سʢڶˣеĳնһϰɳľ˵âɨգųƷն
ǿµģס˳Ʒ
óƷ˿ܵĻᣬƷҲѹûҪܵ뷨ֻЦſųʢ꣬еĳֱٶɨ˳ȥ
أ
ɨһâĿ֮£һĻˣƷĳȻһµĵâһһҵı˿֮УĹɢ
ڳƷ˵ʢ궯طûжطʵһ޷Ӱֺ
ܣ
ʢʱҲɱ۾ǰһĻԼȫһȻƷô򵥵ĸˣԲܽܵģƷƴȫֵܹҲˡ
ƫƫƷӣȫ࣡
ʢ걬ˣȫķֱҪһųƷնȥʱȴƷĳֱɨ˳գɲǼ䣬ȻѾɨǰˡ
أ
ʢ걻ֱӳУϺò֯ķһ˲ȫ߱ˣ޷ֵס
ȫķҲƷһֱӾ͸ɢˡ
ҵʹ̼񾭣ûвҽг
ǳƷĳûͣµ˼һȥ
أ
ݺݳ鵽˳ʢϣķٶȱɢ˲ҽŵ䵽˵ϡ
ȻƷû㣬ƺûоʹ˵˼ֱٶȺݺݳ
أ
أ
أ
Ʒÿһγ鵽˳ʢϣһ޴ĳ
ʢֱӱ˵ϣǿҪվͱƷ鵽ϣ
Ƭ̼Ĺ򣬳ʢȫ¶Ѫۡ
˵ڷӦ˹ʢˣļֱҲ̶ãһ㷴֮ûС
˶ˣƷѹڽѵʢ꣬õպãὫʢȴֿܹܾȫ¹ͷİ죬ƫƫˡ
ʱٿƷʱڣֻо󱳷ϾʱĳƷ̫Įˡ
òףƷͣеĳ˵ǽˣ˶裬㣬ΪʵѾ԰ô֮ܣ
Ҿ;㣬Ժҵٶ£һγһΣ˵


1221 ĻƷΨһ
˲֪µĳʢʱֻܹߺˣȫȫƷûƢˡ
ʱѾǶˣް취ԿƷ
ʱֳȴһļžЩԵ۶ѫǵĲҽ֮⣬ľȻһûˡ
˶Ʒסˣ΢һĴϢûˡ
ֱֲˣ
Ҳ̫ǿ˰ɣûи֪ĻʢѾͨˣⶼˣƷʲô磿
ڼ¶ݵѹ֮˶һը˹ˣ˶֮ǰƷĺ˱֮С
һѰľǵƤӵɵľȻֱš
ֱǵĸоȻĴڣ
̫ǿˣ
˶ը˹ˡ
Ҳһ𺳣Կ϶ƷΪֻ»֮ͨϣȻź֮Уֱǲ˼顣
ʱһ˼ûˣ˫һ㼶Ĵڣôù
ųƷû˼ģΪ츳ʵҪźλ
ٿ˿Ա˷ܵĸСһĳţ޾ĽĻǸöð
ƫƫǸܵ飡
һߣ޽ܿһĻֱǲûƷڳʢϵľֱҲһ
ȫ̱λ֮ϣԺһͷ
ôô
ƷΣź̫ǰ˵ү̫Ǹƻⳡ磡
ֲܹ㣡̫̫˵Щһһ㶼ۣǾȻź飡
̫̫ʱҲ֪Щ˷ĳͻվڳƷߣûгƷҲЩź顣
ѡźӶź˵Ƕ鰡Щ˾ȻҲֽǵӶôԼǵˡ
Ҳʹˣ͵ǵļҳģһҾЩһǲǴź飡
̫̫һҲǿ֮ûдưոݣЩ˱ƷʰĹǺҪ׷Щ˵Ρ
ĺãҫڿ˵һϷԼ̬ȡ
޽ܣϣĺʧ
ҫһ۳޽ܣ¶˼ʧ飬˵Ȼڳ޽ܣǳ޽ʵǽȻҪźѡΣѵѾô
޽ǳңλףԼѾ׳ˡ
ʱѾԼˣһôûˡ
ϳʢ꿪ʼһεѡӾͺûʲôϵˣźǺεȸ֮ˣô˲ֽԼҵļ֮ء
ʱĵ뷨ûˣΪҫԸû˾ûˡ
ʱƷͨ죬򵨱ȫķ˲ӳڳƷгһذҪƷͱ
㣬Ҫɱ㣡
ʱĿ֮жǶڳƷĺɱ⣬ǳƷĺճҲھӳ֡
һжǳƷɵģûгƷĻҾͲڻˣ
Ψһͷ
Сģ
æ
һ˲䣬Ǿֻ֪ʲôʱƷһųƷתų޽ȥ
أ
޽˺ݺˤ˵ϣֱعǶѣ˲䱻شʧȥս
һз֮죬Ƿڵʯ֮䣬˶ûзӦʱһжѾһжѾˡ
˶һǸؼʱ򣬳Ʒȴӳ˹ûó޽ܵóѡ
Ļľ滹֪Ҫֵʲôĵزܾܿ޷ճ
󣡡
ҫ̲ס˴ֿڣԭڳ޽ֻܻʧѣѾǳ׵׵ľˡ
Ʒʵֱ֪ɲ⣬ʱ޽ôóƷŭ֮⣬ʲôҲˡ
֮ǰܿó޽ܣϾԼֶӣû뵽Ȼ˵һࡣ
ŸʲôЩ˶̧ȥ
ҫȵ
ʱŻȻ򣬻عЩæǰְ˽ŵĽصѫӵ̧˳ȥ
ֻϱкصƣƷֱҵĹͷˣƶĹ̵ǣ˿ڣʱǲҽ
һʱ䣬᳡һҽ֮С
һĻʣƷһΨһǡ


1222 սǰַ粨
ƷħһҲӡ̽ÿһ˵Ժ֮У޵еĴڣһսһ㡣
󣬳Ʒͱź̫̫е˺Ժ֮С
Ժ֮Уź̫̫֮ϣƷΪС·
ƷҸղҫ˵㲢Ϊźӣ̫̫żɽֱ˵
̫̫ĺܣ֮ǰȻ谮ƷҲû˵ҪóƷΪźӡ
谮Ʒֻжڹˣʶ塣
ڵȫͬˣӳƷֳ˵ǳϵ㡣
ƷŲǶʮѣʣǰ;ġ
²˵ģֻһʵѾԳΪźӣƷźӵĻԺЦȪˣΪұض˷ġ
뷨Ͷӳҫһ֮󣬲ҫ˵ˣҫѾƷˣ˭֪ƷһȤûС
˴ȨλڳƷ˵ȴġ
ֱӿżɽʳƷ
ǵģ̫־ڴˣǿҲûʲôãƷҡҡͷ˵ҾóһѡСҲǿδҲһΪһϸļ̳˵ģ
ҫ̫̫˵֮ж¶˼ʧ飬Ȼ˵Ų㣬ʮͨ츳ڵ۶ЩȨ֮ҵļ̳֮УҲΪġ
ǲ²ʶ»ȻûеñȽϵĻŵȻǼΪĺѡˣǺͳƷǾͲ̫Զˡ
ҲΪˣʵƷġ
Ǽ̳мҵ飬ҲǿƷǿóƷź顣
ô˵ֻҪѡǳŵĻ֧֣ҫ뵽˳ƷĻæʵ
Ʒ˵ͷ׳ҫĻóƷ֧ź²źӣԳƷֳ츳ʵδɾͲ
ôһţźͿƽꡣ
ֻҪδǺųΪźӣҿ֧źϾô˵ҲǳҵˣûԼˣ
Ʒ
ǺãҫȻⲻõĽǺôҲĽ
ҳƷֻҪ֧źôź˵Īĺô
ϱ͢úųΪźӣ
ƷôϵҫҲͶұ˵
Ȼ黹Ҫκ͢һ˵ֻҪϱˣͨġ
⺢ҿǲ츳ʵؼĵҲ㣬ˣҫЦЦ˵һֱڿЩӺѡˣĪĳƷ֮⣬˵Ȼĵġ
Ҳûѡˣ޽ѾˣԼˣƷҲԸô˳֮⣬Ҳûбѡˡ
صľǳƷ֮õĹϵ
ţ
Ʒ˵ͷͬҫĿ
Ҷ˳ʢ̫꣬ɣ
ֱ̫̫ҡҡͷ˵ʲôģڵֶӣҳԣҳʢСǵ̫ˣ˼ҵҲôܣһҲΪãȻҪ£
̫̫׻۳ʢģףˣԺ鷳ܸ
ƷϣֻСʹ룬˾ˣǻĺˣͽˡ
ΪҵĳȻ̵Щӵܣַʽ̵
ҵʱһˣûʲôƤˣǶͨò˼ܻģҫûϣѫӵ֮ҲһεˣһʱҲûõĶȥһһĻƣֻҪˣʲô¡
Ҽǲưոݣֻô
ҫЦЦĿųƷǿ˳Ʒһ
ƷȻЦЦҲ˵ȻẦˣʵָκƾ۳ңʲôµġ
ˣ°ɣҲˣֱ̫̫ˡ
Ʒ뿪źոշɽӵҩȴ֣ɽӵҩڣһսǰƷսǰѾȴʱˡ
ʦҿɵȵˣ
սǰæǰ˵
ôˣƷЩֵĿսǰڡ
ǰ룡սǰæ˵
ʲô飿Ʒʵ
սǰ¶˼Ϊѵ飬˵ҾͲ֪ˣȵСô֪ôأǰ֮ǰǰһˣд̣


1223 ǵ
սǰлʲôأ
ƷЩ֣Ҳ벻;սǰİڶȥ
һΣȥĲսǰڴڵܲڳĻأȻֻǻأȻʵϣսǰܲ䱸ɭϣٲȻһСС
սǰܹΪеһʵȻС
ûãѾսǰڳĻ֮УƷ֮󣬾Ϳεڽĵȴš
˳Ʒ֮󣬼̣ǰ˵ʦڵȵˣ
ôˣǲϰĲָˣƷڱ
ģǰ˵⣡
ε忪˵
ʲô飿Ʒʵ
ε忴˿ƷȻ˵ʦӦ֪ǰǰ˴˵ɣǳʦԳǰŵþˣ
ĪҪ˵ĺǸǰйأƷʵ
ε˵ͷʦµһҲûҲڲˣǸҲǱˣԭһңսǰԭֻǴ֮еһСɣһ·սӵڵĹģ̵еȻһ˳ģ
Уǵ˺ܶˣһˣݵʦһٶûΪȴѾͻͽǰǰʱѲʱ⵽ķЩɥ
ƷţҲ⣬սǰȻһ˳˻һ˵յ𺦡
ˣ
εЦſųƷ˵ʲôʦˣˣǺ͸İȫеһѾﲻԶˣ
ֻǵİɣʵҲǺܵģۼôİɣƫƫڷչĹУǶйͻֻƽʱǲը̶ѣȫˣε
Ҵ֣ƷЦ˵
ȷʵˣ
ε˵ͷ
ƷҲǲÿɷսǰﻹİɣʵû̫ĸо˵սǰĹϵǲġ
ȿ˵ɣ
лʦ
εƷҲûֱӾܾʱϲ⣬ԭҲûٰճƷܹӦϾһ˻ˮ
ڳƷʵʵҲǳƷһ˳¿ƣսƿֲΣؼʱ̣һ޴İ
ε֮£ƷսǰĻ֮Уʱ֮Уͷܶһɽ¥֮ơ
ܿ죬εƷһõĴʱһ֮УѾڵȴˡ
һߣһ£һϴżϢ°
һ£Ŀݵӣ˾Ȼһģһһ˫̥
֮⣬һԼĪʮµ꣬߰վһԡ
һֻѰһߣȻɫ·ŮϳŲɣϢ
˼˳Ʒĵ׷׽Ŀת˹
ǵ˳Ʒֻͣһʮģʱ򣬸Ϊ졣
ǿóƷᣬʵȴһϹ֣ȷʵᣬϢαװαװĳġ
λҸҽһ£ǳƷʦε˵ȻָƷλǲɽǰλݵ˫ǣλǳнɽׯׯɺ裬ɽͯǰ
ȻεƷܵʦЩһΣսǰ߼ĸ֣
Ʒ΢΢˵ͷսǰһεΣȻҲһ֪Ȼôĸ֡
ƷɨһȦЩ˶ǵ֮ǿľǸ߲ɽţһΪѾﵽͨ۷塣
ݵ˫ǣɽͯȫͨصĸ֣ĴžǳнɽׯׯɺˣֻͨصΪ
κ֮УҲǼǿˣȻˣε廹𼱻ǵĽԼɼǸ˵ǿֻ·ͬѰ
ε壬ʲô˼ôһëͷСӣ
ʱȿڵɽͯѣòŮһ㣬˵ȴǼΪɣ
ͯѣȻʦᣬȴǻʵʦĸ߼ʦأε忪ڽ˵
ʱٿƷѾһˡ
εĻŭһ֣ɺ衣
ɺƲһ۳ƷͻȻĿ⻯âֱӳųƷֱ˹
ֲɣ
εæ˵


1224 ش¹
Ŀʵʻˣֻͨĸֲܹ飬ͨǻΪܵһ硣
ȻͬļȻҲͬģɺľ磬Ŀ㿴һֶܹɱ֣һѰܹͨشͨ
Ϊˣͻķѣε嶼û뵽
ȻţĿ⻯ɵڳƷǰĵطһһĶˣ޷Ʒһ˿һ
ʱڷӦ֮ٿƷѾȫˡ
ɺҲû뵽ƷȻܹľĹ
ֱĹ
ʵ
ɺ赭һЦ·ղŷ˲һҲѹûղŵϡ
Ʒʼɺ裬ôĵӣû˵òô
ɺʱνҲûˣЦſųƷ˵ҵĵҲܹģ
˿ìܱЩµĿˣǶɺ裬ʵ̫ˣѾ˽ĳ̶ȡ
Щĸ֣ɺ趼ҿ𣬵ΪǸнɽׯǶֻˡ
ڿ˲ˡ
ʦ侲侲нɽׯɲѰĵطнɽׯׯʮǰѾ˰벽һʵɲ⣡
ʱεæƷ˵
ɺҲֻЦſųƷųƷôô˳ۣڳƷ֮ǰ֮ģҲš
ǳƷĵôˬΪ߼ʦжôѿëͷСӾȻҪš
пŲˬֱӶˣҲûô࣬˭ҪӣΡ
һ߼ʦǳнɽׯҿͷһһ
ɺ߰˵·һжȻһ
ʱ˶ˣɺǿƷ˳ۣҪȻ֪ΪʲôȻɺҪﵽĿĲˡ
нɽׯʲô㸸ҲᲢۣ˵Ʒ˵һ벽˵Ǹ߸ϵĿֲڣ벽ƨն
ڣѰ벽Ҳûз־ͿһĴڣǰš
ڱˣɺ̻ѾˣڳƷ˵ֱɡ
˵ʲôɺŭĿԲʱѾû֮ǰϷʵ飬ٿƷ֮Уɱ⡣
εʱһĻѾͷˣ߶ﲻĴڡ
˵Ǹ
ƷЦһ˵ղҪҹ£
ҪҲˣҪлɺŭȻ˲䱬ˣųƷ˹ȥ
ͨصĿֲ˲ͷˣȫųƷǵصϯ
һ˵Ľâʹ֮гױ˿񷶼˺˿ֱӻ۳һӣֱӳųƷϯ
ãʦСģ
εæһǸǰҲͨصΪʱŭɺʵ֮ϣҡ
Ҳ׷׳˽磬ⱻ˵
ƷҲֱ̧֣ȻץסһնĽâųƷһһâȻһһƾ˿
һп˵Ŀ£
һ·𻯳εĽƷһһˣ޷˵Ʒ
ôܣ
ɺɴ۾ԼȫֵһȻƷֵסˡ
ƷֱӽЩһһѿĽֱ˹
ʱЩâһĽâɺɨȥ
أ
أ
أ
Ľâը˿ֱӽ˳ȥһײ˻ʹϡ
ʹһӣ׷׸գ֪һжôľˡ
ǸЩ𾪵ǣɺ⼸Լϡ
Ʒⲻɽ¶ˮһӣȻ˾˵
ɺһѪ˳õڼһһıѿȫɢ
ɺʱٿƷѾû֮ǰӣ෴ģޱȵ𾪡
ǻ֣ȴƷֱӴһ£
͸оһɿֲѹ̩ɽһĳأ˲֧Ųסݺݵһӹ
˫ϥݺݵҽ˵ذ֮Уذ嶼ҳ󶴣ҪУǸв
Կ϶һӡͬһɽѹ


1225 벽ѣŵģ
һмǷڵʯ֮У˶ûзӦʱһоѾȫˡ
˷ӦʱɺֱӱƵ¹һӡѹ
˶𾪣⵽ʲôӡȻ˵
ǿóɺڿ֧ţ˫ֶڲ
Ʒʱһжô赭дûô֣Ʒɺˡ
ʱٿƷʱѾΪ֮ǰε˵ĳƷһ߼ʦˣΪƷʵ
ɺܹųΪĸǳнɽׯׯ֮⣬ʵҲǲС
ʵǿĲɽҲô̵ʱڣ˵һоͽɺƷ
ȫѹԵı֣𾪵ĵط
ΪɺеǽˣľԹأ𹥻˵ʮ־˵ģʵǻߵĸ֣ҲԸֽĸ֡
ԲˬԳƷʱ򣬸ûκһǰӦеãֱӾͱѹˡ
ʱǶСƷˣȻƷСֶΣȴеĪ⡣
Ǵʱڼ֮˵ּĸ֣һûвŶԣôܻһ㶼֪ء
Ȿͺˡ
һԵεǳ׿ЦˣҲû뵽ӵľ棬ûӦأ˫Ѿȫڧˡ
ʦ˴鷳ˣнɽׯׯǳĻ̣һ²ưոݣսǰﶼѣεЦ
̫нɽׯ˵ǿԸˣ˵ĻҲרɺ裬˵ϣɺ򣬵˵ǽϳнɽׯĹϵ
ɳнɽׯĹϵǿУ
ڿвͨˣɺ趼Ƶ¹ͷˣнɽׯôưոݡ
ģǣǣнɽׯ㾡ң벽ѣŵãƷֱϣҲԱߵɺһۡ
ϣҶҲСʹˣ
¾ɽŵ񶼱ˣ˱Ƶǿ¹ⶼСʹ룬Ҫ֣Ҫɱ˲㡣
ƫƫǶܹĳƷԲǿЦô򵥵ġ
·ܹӳƷϿʬɽѪһǶһԲǻ󣬳Ʒ϶ɱ飬ܹǸо
Ϊͨĸ̫ˣɱĸ֪̫񣬲ܹ֪ĳġ
оǻõĲɽҲòʰ·磬Ŷʮˣɱ¾֮أ
ǣɱ¾֮صˣȻûһ˿һɱ¾Ӱ˼
һ˵ɱɱŶɱ¾֮УƽʱصٺãӰ죬ǳƷȴͬʵǶоĳɺƣƷԲ֡
Ƕ棬ƷĶɵ˾˵ɱ¾ôˣǶһ֪
ǲ֪ؽ֮УƷһս㣬ֲҵĹģǴκеĸġ
һ˾õƴɱҲɱ꣬Ǻ˵ȴܹɽô೹¾
ɱ¾Чȣ֮еɱ¾ЧʸСơ
ƷĿ벽ѵʲôǿʦô
ҲǣûǿʦУŶʮô־׵ĵز츳ǿҲġ
Դ츳Уȱһɣ
⼸˶Ժ֮һǿĴбȶԹȥҪҳĸ׵Ŵڡ
һж֮սǰϰ٣Ȼµ·ˣ˶ܹóѪЩ˥ܣԶԶ̸ϻָ۷ʱڡ
⵽ôһ£ϰ˹ڵϵɺ裬ʱʧɫæ˵
εǿЦŽϰ˵һ¡
ʱϰͬЦһ£漴ٿƷ֮Ҳ¶ֲ˼飬֪ƷǸ߼ʦ˵ȫڵϷչĳɾ;Ѿܾˡ
Ȼʱ֪ԭԻ͵ĵɼǳƷ۵һµز¶ʵ
㵽ڣεҲжϲƷжǿ
֪ʱ״̬ǴˣƷҲ˵ˣȫ³нɽׯ飬ûҪǣǵ˼һ
λλܹһӣҺܸмҪԵһǰδеǿУǸһ֣ϣλ֣նɱ
սǰϰ


1226 ᣬͻ
ʱսǰĻ˵עⶼ˹ȥûٿɺˣʱɺ豻Ǹӡס˵˵ˡ
Ʒڷӡϵ裬Ҳޱȵ𾪣ֻ⾪˵ķӡֶΣƷܹڴκǿߵռһϯ֮ء
֪ǵ˾˭ҿɲĪľˣ
ɽͯѴʱ˵
ҽһ°ɣΪɽʱҲǴһɵİɱսǰû뵽ѣȻ֪ʲôȻݵʦΪͻͽǰʱǵΪǰڸǾһСɣսǰڸصķֶ棬ڳ̳ʱεǰ˵
˵鶼Щأʣɽʮֵļ֣Ҫ˵ĻҲڣսǰϰˡ
սǰܹô꣬ľսǰϰľʵڴǿ֮УսǰҲϺŵĴڡ
ھȻشһһŶûˣҪǵΧ˲ɽԷƳɽԲһĶ
սǰƺҲЩƲֱ˵ֻҪܹնɱⲣսǰԸóǧƷʯΪ
˵Щǿߵĺʼǵʵ˵˵ǼҲҲΪǧƷʯ˵һĿֵֻܷһ֣ҲһʲСĺˡ
ǧƷʯһͨ۷ĸֵҲǴ´ˡ
УǳƷҲЩĶˡ
ãȻˣӣϷͽˣʱǲɽſ˵
Ҳ׷׸ͣΨгƷһÿɷӣǴʱû˸С
أʱ򣬻洫һɱ׷һ䣬ǵɢ˿̾ͽȫˣԭЩӸظСɵİѾۼһ𣬾Ȼʼսǰ̳ء
ƷҲǵһο֮սֶΣȻֻǰ֮սѣʵϣЩڽжȣľһԲֻڵС죬ʵϣЩ֮жһЩרѡγľרǾһֶѵ
ѵЩоһжȣóսʵҲΪס
ֹǵֶҲóƷһִ۽ĸоֹŵĹǷ֮м򵥴ֱĹǷֱȫͬķ
ĹǷǷǳ򵥵ģָ߿Ƽȫֺ˵ϴأʲôǿҲܲסӵĹ
ȵֻϴһ֮ǸսըǸֻȥɨս
ּ򵥵ķϷΪ師ǲòϣ師ȴǷǳЧġ
ڴκ֮еĹȴȫͬˣЩ֣Ҫݣֱӷ׷һһĹǳðŸֹ嵽ǽ·
޴Ĺǳĳ֮£ǽײ޴ѷ죬һǿ߰εضֱӳϳǽ
ȫͬĹǷóƷһ۽󿪵ĸо
˾ûгƷˣΪǶоĽ
λȲҪżȷɽλãٽʱٽΧɱʱսǰϰЩں֮ڣλõģսǰ̳ûôױŵģ
˶ͷǱȻǶԸЩͨ˵ģǸ֮еͨҲսǰ֮еͨڳӦġ
λôأһϷŰһӰ֮и˳
˶ʱͷһȻתͷȥȴһݵӣһ˰̣Цʱ򣬿
ɽ
ϰʱһݣ˵֡
˶Ӧ˹ǸһҪԸĿ꣬ɽˡ
û뵽ϼһȻû̫ϧˣɽ˿սǰϰʮŵ˵ûϵһšĲӣһΣսǰһߣҪսǰ£Ȯ
˵ʱ򣬲ɽ֮бһַĺɫôˣĴڵñ
ĿޣҲһ
Ÿʲô֣
սǰϰһȣɽŵһӶ
Ȼ˶û뵽ǣͻһֱû˵˫ͻȻһӱѣ˫ǵĸ糯ɽͯѳֱ֣شɽͯѣɽͯѺɵһԡ


1227 նһ
˫ǵĵܵͬʱεɱȥεΪֵܹסɳȥһѪûɱ
Ψвɽֱӷ˵˲ɽǰ˭룬ԭӦļ֣ɽͯѺεֱӾͱӦǰֵ˫Ǹشˡ
һз̫ˣ˶ûзӦҲûᷢ顣
ɽŵһʱ䷴Ӧ˹ʱãæ׼ˣǴʱĲɽĻᡣ
һ˵ĵâƾղ˲ն
ͣ
â˺ѿһУɽϵķڼ׾Ȼֽһն˿ҲΪȡһʱ䣬ɽ˳ȥܿһ
ˣһг䶨ʱؿھȻһ˵ѷ죬ɼǣѪϵӿֹֹס
˿ڴȻںɫһâϴ˶
ۣ
ɽһھѪˣ˲ϵƣֱ˵ǽǣַֻ̬ʱֱ۶ڷֶҩʵ̫ˣȫѹһܹѹס˿ϵĶҺڲϵڲʴ
ʱ֮˸žĹâ֪Ϊʲô
˫ǣǡʱսǰϰŷӦ˹˫ѱ䣬Щ֣תۼֻʣһվıȽԶĳƷȫһ˲شʧȥս
ڵҲԶԶ㲻ϻָ۷壬۷״̬ͬʱӦ˫Ǹ⣬ڵеκһûбʤİա
˫Ҳվ˲ɽ
ɽ¶˼ֵЦݣϼһΪûκηͻһǰôҲ̫Сˣ
ôսǰ׷ɱѾ͵һˣΪ˸׼ô꣬ô﷭
˫Ҳˣսǰϰʱһˣ˫ѹԵף֮ǰûв鵽κ˫ǺͲɽйĵطŸ˫ǰġ
˫ԵƶϵĻôһоѾˣԭΪЩɵʵ𹥣ľս֮ء
ŲɽһȦףòɽ֮У˭֪һʼǲɽ壬Ҫ˫ͻȻѱ䣬ҲôˣҲôҡ
һУսǰϰɫʱҰˣ̾˴ʱҪԵľˡ
˫һֱҵˣֻ㲻֪ѣ
ɽ˵ƾ㻹ҪȦңϼһʱѾȥˣ
ʦͻΧȥʱϰͻȻ뵽˳ƷƷûбܣȻδǲɽ˵ĶֵģҲùȫǶֵֻ̬ҪŹһʱ䣬սǰİڲ˲ԣͻ
ʱ򣬻зΪʤĻᣡ
ʱܹѰҵİѾˣεǿûлȥѣɽͯѸûܹӳʵģֱشʧȥսʵǿĲɽŽֻܹվŶѣ
ȥȻֻƷˣ
սǰϰܹ뵽ģɽȻҲܹ뵽ֱӶ˫˵ȽǸµļһɵϼһ
ɽѹҲûƷƷʵ̫ƽӹˣ˫ͬʱ֣ѾǹƷˡ
˫ǵûСƷ˼ΪղųƷ֮ѹɺ裬һǶȻ׳ƷȲϲɽţҲһݲӣӲӡ
˺ܿ죬һһҵĽƷΧ
ʱƷʩʩȻ˵ҰЩˣһǧƷʯҶҪˣûëɣ
ʱսǰ˳ƷĻʱЦʱˣôƽЩ
ʦֻҪܹɱˣҵлһǧƷʯ
սǰʱֱ˵ˣҲûбѡˡ
ȻˣҾͲˣ
Ʒ΢΢һЦ۾΢΢һ£ڰΧ˫ֻоǰһ˲䣬ƷѾʧԭء
أ˫æſѰƷ䣬֮ͨУɱ۾ӿɿĶˡ
һ˲䣬ƷѾ˫ǵָܵܵΪâָ֮м˳ɲǼ䣬ͳ˫ǵܵܵնȥ
˫ǵֻܵüת˽磬ͼֵóĽ磬ֽһ㣬ƷһնƣҲն롣
ͣ
Ѫ罦
˫ǵܵ䡣


1228 ˫ǵ
ܵܣ
ʱ˫Ǹһŭ𣬱߽ӡ
һգ۵Ĺ򣬵ܾܵѾ˳ƷϣֵܳһֱӰ棬ͬһһ㡣
ȴĿŵܵʱױˣ˫ǸȫϢͷ˳ֱҪʹ
ͨصĸ֣Ը⣬ͷŵϢܹء

˫Ǹһϣһ˻ҪӴ׳ϲ˸صķģһȥضһ㡣
ɲǼѾųƷ
䣡
ֲĿɲǼͱ˳ţǺܿ˫Ǹͷ˲ˣΪ֣ԼȻ޷´˿
ͷˣԼֻܹ򵽳ƷͷһĵطƷͷϣȻһĻסıը
ܣôܲκη͵סˣ
˫ǸȫԸţĹ̸޵УҲӦǲκηֵܹסļ
ĲɽҲĵزȻƷȴ״֪
ˣ
ƷЦһֱץ˹ȥɲǼ䣬ֱӽһץУһ򵥵ĿֶУȻʽ򵥣˫Ǹͨصĸ֣ƷҲܹõͻ˳ƷĿ¡
ã
˫ǸʱӴֻоһּΣյĸоӿ
ȴƷһֻ־趯Ҫֲֻܹ趯ľ޴Ʒ趯˫Ǹȥ
Ʒٶ̫ˣɲǼ䣬޴Ѿ䵽˫Ǹͷˡ
˫Ǹæһӡͷϻһ޴ޱȶơ
أ
һ޴ޱȵĺ޴ޱȵĶɲǼ䣬ѾƷը˿
ۣ
˫ǸһҽУһѪػ˲䵹˳ȥݺ䵽˵ϡ
֮гž֣Ҳûһ˿һղŵıŭʱҪĲǱ𣬶ǴӳƷĹ֮´
˫ǸҪǸûüȴƷһ䣬һԾϣ嵽ϷǾ޴͵һ
䣡
˫Ǹֱӱҵķѣ˲ը˿
˫Ǹ䣡
ˣղŻޱŵ˫ͳͳ˳Ʒϣһ˵ȻʵϣǶ̶̼Ϣʱѡ
һɽͯѣε壬ǲɽŶĿɿڴĿųƷƷʱսֱͬս
һھ޴ϱ˾˵ҲûκεļɣΨм򵥵һѣȴĪ·رӦôʹá
ͺͳƷϣ
ʱεֻޱȵĸпҺվ˳ʦҲֻһֶѣ˭룬ڹؼʱȴ˾ĵݡ
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¡
ųƷһȥʹھҵĶ·һ˲ҪһҪ֪ӡĵطͨĵطֻµֱӵˡ
˵Ժ֮УֻʣһͷǾǳƷĹ׵ʲôز
ֱֲ
һͷڳƷˣ˫ֵܵʱ򣬲ɽҲѾսǰϰƵ˾սǰϰͲǲɽĶ֡
֮ǰͱɽش˵δǲɽĶֻ֣һѣٶȱɽ˳ȥԭѾõĲ˿ٶȱһѪ˳ֱӵ˳ȥ
ɽ¶˼ֵЦݣЩͳͳˣʣµľƾնɱˡ
תͷȥʱȴ˲ûһĻȴƷ˫Ǹһ޴ޱȵ趯֮䣬ȻܹһĿ硣
ʱƷЦЦĿڳƷĽ£˫ֵѾ˽ˡ
˲䣬ЦݾˣҲû֮ǰĺ飬˫ֵȥ۵ĳƷʰˣ˭֪ƷֲĴڡ
ԭɵĲɽŶûиֲֿѹȸС
˵ƷĴڣѹͲĹ滮С
Ȼ֮ˣȴһѪĸо
İŵ˫ֵܼ˽ֱ֣۵ԸӣòײŽֵշΪãȴƷɱʧ֮󲻿ɹ
ĿųƷ֮ɱⱬղɱƷǰ
漴ɽȴ˵һ˾Ļ
λѣΪǮĻҿҲûбҪЩ˶ɱˣսǰĲƲһ㣬Σ


1229 ɱɽ
ƷҲòпʲôۣ۰
ڳƷɱҪ󽫵ʱȻܹ˵Ļʣԣ
ǳƷҲû뵽ɽȻܹ˵Ļ
˵˲ɽͻȻһƷӦĻôǾ군ˣϾսǰȫƲһô֮ǰսǰϰ˵һǧƷʯҪĶĶˡ
ǵĻҲǻᶯĵģ
Ͼôˣ
˼Ǯְ֣ҵ»еģ
ƷЦ˵
ѾˣͷҪ̣
ɽһ¶˼飺Ȼ㾴ƲԳԷƣǾͱҲˣ
ɽЦһ϶ʱһ˸һɫףʱĲƿһɫսһ㡣
ɫ֮󣬲ɽ˾ͱһɫУƱǺϵĲһ㡣
ȻѾ˰벽ıԵشˣ
ղŸᣬȴ֪ϧȻˣ͵ɣ
ɽЦһ˵
ʦСģһףǿǳԱƣ
ʱսǰϰæ˵۷״̬Ǳ״̬֮µĲɽˣҪĵĸƴĻˡ
ѹŵᣬԭˣ
״̬µĲɽƷҲģɫûб
䣡
ɽˣͬһСɽһ˲ѹ˹ɲǼ䣬Ѿɱ˳Ʒ
γɵĿµâռ䶼룬ڳˣܹܵһĿ£׷ɫ䣬ǵĻһܹشˣѲˡ
Ʒǲܣһֲĵâƾֱն˳Ʒϡ
ǵâĿ񳱣ֱӽƷϵ·죬˿׷ɣǾǸá
һܹռĿֲâȴ˿˲Ʒ
ɽɫڱˣڸоﲻԾƷ̫ˣĴڣûһ˿һĺ¡
ĵôֻӵĳ̶ȣ̫ʧˣƷ˵ţϱһ⣬ֱһâˡ
ҲɵˣĳƷֱǼһȳƷӵгϵľ˹Ҫ̫ˡ
Ǵʱ֣֮ǰԳƷĹƸԣǵĴʦɲǿߣֻǳƷһѡ
ƷʱѾһϰʮߣǻʲôԣǳƷ̫ˣɲǿߣǵʦȻҪʱۻġ
ƷĴڣȫΥɡ
һ
ƷЦһеĴ־趯ֱŲɽȥ
ɽˣǳƷնٶʵ̫ˣƬ֮Ѿ䵽ǰ
ѡֻѡ񳤵͵һӳȥ

һ޴ĺ˾ֻһ޴ĽƷһֻŴȵģĶ棬ɽ˫ᵽʱֱȴھҵĲš
ֻһѣѾеһȫڲ
ɽ˫۶ɳˣƷôôֲоûϴŵһףͱƷһӴȫѣѪˡ
ȫҵĸоϾҪأ
ƷɲЩŴ



һҵĽײɽƷҵˣֻܱ˫ᵶƣá
ʱʶˣһ鷳ˣƷչֳʵʵ̫ˡ
һ㣡
Ʒһһ䣬εض𣬳ϰգдֱ
أ
һҵĺʹھҵĲɽһƺߣеĳ˲䱻˳ȥֱûǽ֮Уֻʣµ棬Ͻαе׾Ȼֱһһı˿
ܲסһɾɽһҽУ˫ֱһӹ˵ϣ˫ϥڵҳ޴Ĵ󶴡
ϣѣѪ˲仯һѪˡ

ƷһţеĴ͵һȥɽ屻ҷ˳ȥڰ֮оѾķѵĽ忪
һ˵ȻʵϲǶ̶ʱѣһоѾ䶨ˣ˾ĸǴǿߣڳƷǰһ


1230 սǰﳼ
ʹ֮Уһļž
˶±Ƶ״̬·ûдӲɽƷɱ֮Уع
ǿ˳ƷƷϴżƵ飬ʵϣնɱɽ˵ֻǾ֮Ͷѡ
ǲɽϴһƷʼߵķףס˳Ʒľ󲿷ֵĹ²ɽͱƷ׺ɱˡ
ɽֻ˰벽ı߶ѣδ벽ο˰벽ҲǳƷĶ֣ѹҲûеĹ
ʱǲɽŻɽͯѣû˺ͳƷȽϵ˼෴ģٿƷ֮гżɵ
ǵУѾĽƷ˲ǵе֮ϣʣƷǸСġ
ǰ޹ˣߡ
ɱ˲ɽ֮󣬳ƷһѷʹȻ㿪ʼˣгƷİ˺ܿȶסϵơ
ǲɽţеľ綾Ҳõ˻⣬ѹƣʣµԼҲ취˹Ƴȥ
лʦȣĻսǰİҵ¾ͻһˣսǰæ˵ʱѾڰԼͳƷƽȵһγƷȻΪܹͳƷƽƽġ
ȻһһŷֳƷǰ;ֱﻹϡ
սǰ˵ʱ̬ȼΪ¿ҡ
ǳʦȣҵȿ϶һպʦǲะǣ
ɽ˵
ҲлʦȣպвǲͨһҲˣɽͯ˵ȻƢŹ֣ȴҲҪ֪ͼĵҳƷʵԶ֮ϣƷرҲҲر
ʦлպϵɽ»𺣣ε嶼һüͷ
εæ˵
λˣֻǾ֮Ͷѣ
Ʒ
һߵĽ֮Уɺ軹ڹţղȻţȴҲеһʼʮֺ²ɽһ޻֮
˵Ʒ¹򣬾۷״̬Ҳסɽһ˵ܣ޷ϵ֡
˭֪˿ֲĲɽоԳƷȴǶ֣ͱɱ
ʱˣΪʲôԼǳƷĶ֣ԳƷʵͨ۷ﶼȭŵĶ֣οֻͨأɽһסοǳƷˡ
ųƷͬвһĺɱ˫ǺͲɽ֮ӿ־ˣﻹ֮ǰŰ裬Ѿ׿ˣƷǲɱɽǵǿ˵ɱҲɱˣοء
Ʒһ˳־ͽˣĿ޶ûеطȥȣ¹Ҳʲôˡ
֮лǳԹƷһӵˣⱲӶ޷ϴˢѩˡ
ҿⲽɽֵӣɢޣӦдвŶԣ
Ʒ
ɢ޺деرģЩдеڹ似ͨ׵ģɱӣܹóġ
ɢһ㶼ǶƴյģһϵڵҲʱз
деĸȣɢ֮е֣ͬǶ֣ûдк͸Ŷ˵˵ޱȵҪ
ɽźɽͯɫһ䣬ɽѾ˿ˣпɽǻ˵ã
뵽ֻоԽԽˣڲɽĴڣưոݣ
ʱսǰϰ϶ȥˣֻ˵ȷʵˣ֪ɽʦŴеģ
սǰϰε϶¶˼ֿЦ飬ǿԵĻǵȻԸͲɽͽ⣬¸ٴĴۣҲϧ
ǲɽѾǣԸͽ⣬ֻ뽫սǰ¾Ҳûа취ֻܷ𷴿
Իʦսǰ¸м
սǰϰæ˵
Ʒһ£˵Ҳգνͷ͵ɽɱģʦҪ׷ȻҲܲˣҵҲ뿴һ·ɣ
ȴûʲôɵĵģΪһ¥ǲɽʦȫɱƷҲûʲôõĵġ
ƷӦսǰϰε˶ʱһսǰϰæ˵һǾ˽һǧƷʯ֮ǰʦҵĲҩҲȫΪʦѼ
ܺãƷ˵Ȼƽ޹ҪˣҪսǰΪѼҩģĻָٶȡ


1231 ɽ˲ų˵ĸп
֮սǰȻҪԳƷհƷȻԸȥսǰµ£Ըȥ飬սǰȴҲȥ
ϾڣѾǽɽʦŵﵽˣȻնɱɽǳƷǲɽʦſ϶ҲŹǵġ
νǵһɣ磬Ȼȴڹҵ֮⣬Ҳòκıһ˵ʲô飬֮䳹׸
ӵڴκʷϣѾֹһˡ
ǳƷ֮⣬ҲûбĿˡ
ȻɽѾնɱˣʣûʲôĻҾˣЩں֮ڣӦܹԸɣ
Ʒ
ţͲͷʦˣ
սǰϰ鹧˵սǰôҲǴǵһʲôĳûû˲ɽвʣµЩ֯ں֮ڣսǰĶ֣ͿԱǴ仨ˮ
ƷҲûʲôˡ
ƷܿȥˣȻɹǣܹסƷɾͱɱһѪ·뿪ˡ
Ʒ뿪˲ɵһƷĴڶ˵һѹ³Ʒûж⣬ǽնɱ˫ǺͲɽԶγɾ޴ѹˡ
û뵽ǴоȻ
ʱɽͯѲɵÿ˵
һ˻ˣɽ˲ųɽҲɵ÷һпڳƷǰҲòȷʵѾˣڵĿ°
ʦǰ;ⲻոտʼѣ
εźˣҺܹϳƷߣĻϴϰ֮սǰ¾ͻ군ˡ
˵ƷǾսǰΡ
漴սǰϰ˿ŵɺ裬Ҳ¶ε顣
ƷµķӡûƳҲȥƳʲôЦսǰﶼҪָƷܴأƻƷķӡ
ķӡⱲҲйܳʱķӡ֮Ǻӡ̫Զˣɽſɺϵķӡɵ˵
ɺղѣֱܴ衣
սǰϰ壬ȥ֪ͨнɽׯɣɺ˳ʦǴˣóнɽׯׯɣ
εҲмε飬ɺ裬Ϊ˺ͳнɽׯϹϵҪͶнɽׯȻڲŷ֣ɺûæ˵ɹĳ˺ȡ
ɺ˫֮ϣŰɣҸ׵һҪǺÿ
ɽͯѺͲɽ˴ʱ໥һۣ֮ǰƷнɽׯǻóƷ̫д̫ˣڿƷӦԼľ԰ղŶԵġ
Ʒܿ»ص˳Уصɽӵҩ֮Уչؽлָˣ¡
ڵҩһϣ˶սǰﱻֽ֮£˶ڲ²⣬սǰһֵܹܲס
Ȼʱ䵽ʱ򣬳ʹµϢȴսǰɻ
ͷļսǰصĸնǰսǰľʵٶȵõ֤֮еĵһ
еɼҲսǰĶ֡
Ÿĳˣһ䶯ȫǵĴսҲĻ
˵Уսǰһµ춨ԼΪһơ
û֪һ֮սǰĻ֮ӭһˡ
һ۵еĵӣлϴһĽ⣬
սǰٴУΪ˲Ǳˣκ֮жպĳнɽׯׯ͡
սǰϰεڵսǰ߲㣬ʱڻʹ⣬Ǹ߸ϣЩˡ
ʹŭЦſЩ˵ǺôĵӣҶǣǾӶԴô
ҶǰУ
͵ĻͬӴսǰ
һʵ벽Ŀֲڣּĸ֣κ֮УҲǷëǣÿһһĴڡ
Ȼͨ۷Ͱ벽Ҳֻǲ˰벽ѣȴһĲࡣ
ׯɺ飬ʵڲܹƵģǴʦǴƴܾˣսǰȻǳнɽׯǰǿȴҲ裡սǰϰ˵սǰ֮еĽ󷨸գֵҲ׷׸գ׼͡
Ȼ벽ֲֿǻа취Էͬھġ


1232 ѾһĳƷ
սǰȻûа벽ĸ֣һٶķչûмŵƣֻѾƷˡ
Ҫ˵ܰ벽ĸ֣ǲܵģͬھһİ취
ȻҲһֱΪôˣȴҪԷһͬھǺεȵΡ
ȻȴҲûа취ģΪƼأǰ벽ĸ֣а취ɱȻҲҪĴۣǰ벽ĸҲ֮ΪΪ
ҪԸ벽ĸ֣õİ취ǰ벽ֱ
ҲѾսǰļˣǵֵĻôǳ־ܣҲûİ취ˣǷɱ棬ڵ˵Ҳûκֻһ£Щ˾Ҫһ룬һ£սǰﶼ
սǰ£ȫŭĿӣȻȲϳнɽׯֲǱǸƵĹµģҲǱµķӡȴҪ׷ǵΣҲδ̫ԵһЩ
вңƲһսǰ˵
ׯⲻв㣬Ҳ֪򲻵ѵֶΣ鶼Ѿĵزˣǳȫ֮⣬бѡôսǰϰ˵ǲߵһҲߵһսǰҴƴĻҵҲŴģ
֮˸žâƺŶֵĽǲĺ㡣
֮ڿڣҪȿҶ
ô˵սǰһûкͬھ˼
ʵϣҲԸͬھϾֻǱӡˣֲˣΪôҪͬھɽׯѾˡ
ׯ
սǰæ˵
սǰָ֮£ͽ˻ʹ֮У˱ڷӡ֮Уֻ¹ɺʱ˲䱬ˣȫķ˲ӿһʡ
ôĵӣ
һŭ˵ֱӾͽսǰ߲㶼ѹסˡ
Ǹоһ¶ѣҲΨսǰܹǿǿԱҲʱܱһ㡣

ŭȵ
һɺʱ˸׵ĳ֣ᶼˣڿϣ
ׯ²ģҪͬھĻҲ£սǰϰӲŲ˵
֮ͲϵƣҲͬھ
ɲǼĹͱһâʣֱӽʹĶǶƬȻâѸײڶ֮¡
ֱ䵽ɺϵķӡϣ
أ
һҵĺһȴһӱ˳ȥ
͵ɫڱˣԭΪӡûʲô˲ģôƲ
ڿȴӵģӡֱ֮һķӡôһȥѾƿˡ
һɣʲôɣھԵʵѹ֮£ֱӾͻᱻƿ
ȴȻΪһ壬ķ֮ϵĹӡ
һֱӼӡӡι̣ɺʹɵҽС
ׯҪ⿪ӡֻ½廹ϵˣʱսǰϰ˵
˳Ʒ֮ǰĻˣȥ
ӡ˭µģ˶񶾣
ɫΪѿ˵ʱѾ侲˼֣֪ƻȥֻӡܹɺѹ塣
һԵε˲ûۣ˭񶾰Ӽ˼ҵһҪ˼ǲ޷غðɡ
ܿ죬սǰ˵һ飬ҲûͼӴףֻǽԭԭ˵ˡ
˶ʱŭɶѾȫԵˣɺҪɱƷˣֻƷɺѹѾŭա
ˣúúãңƷҪʬΣ
ʹһ
ε彫Ʒɽӵҩλø֮ȴֱӼŶݹʧ֮ϣֱҳƷȥˡ
ͱȴ˵лҪҲ֪ʦܲӦĹε嵣ĵ˵
İɣʦͲ󣬵ȴзִ磬Ȼ֮ǰѹɺ裬Ѿгˣ
սǰϰ˵
ʱսǰϰ뵽Ʒ֮ǰѹѾҪ˰벽εĲɽһֲĲ²⣬òƷѾ˰벽˰ɡ
ֲ²֮ǰ붼룬ֱ̫ˣƲĻô֮ǰеĲ²ⶼҪƷˣƷδܳΪһھѾһˡ
ˣǾ̫ˣóʦݺݽѵһͣε尵


1233 
ɽӵҩ󣬽һͷܶ
ɽӵҩĵҩÿǺܶ࣬ȴÿζ⵽ȴû˸ɽӵҩз
Ϊ˶֪ҵ˲ǣ֮ǰ鷳Ѿ˽ˣʲôݣʲôʵˣͳͳ˽ˡ
ûһѵģ
Щ߸ϵĴսǰ︱Ĵﶼ˽ˣЩײӶʲôء
ЩӶŶ
أ˶ûע⵽ʱ֮Уһâնһâض˺ѿ롣
ţһӰ̤һݹ⣬ͳ˵ҩֵϷ
˭ôţӶûи˵ݵʱ˾һѸײڶ֮ƣһϡ
â˺ѿ˳գ˲ͳɽӵҩն
䣡
âֱӻϰɳһһݺ񷶼ѵˣһ
ɽӵҩڵĽ˲临ˣЩ̫ˣǵȲĽ磬һ˲ͳͳն˿
ͬȵлһֱи˿Ѷȡ
ɽӵҩҪһâնɷʱȴɽӵҩУƾֻһ޴Ľ磬ɽӵҩֽС
¡
âϣֱӱһ޴ĺâ˽ϣһһı˿
һ춯أĿ񳱣ҩһ֡
Ӷǿ߷׷ֲó˽磬űˣ˶һನˡ
˭˷׷𾪵Ŀ֮С
ڣǿˣһеĵӣȫһɽ֮УɢĽѹܹһƬ
ǿĽ⣬ֵȼĽޣǴκҲɣ
˵ĽǿȣҲܹ׸оһɽĿ£ԶԶģҲܹоµѹ
˵԰һֻನҲԽǸ
ǵ˭
˶ڲ²⡣
Һǳнɽׯׯ
ڣϳеĵӵݣκеһнɽׯׯ
ڴκ֮Уֻа벽ϵĸ֣пܱΪһһκٷԸǵĴڡ
սǰ֮УȻ˵ǴǵһݣǴκٷҪսǰҲǾ֮Ͷѡ
Ȼа벽ĸôǴκҲҪɵֻ֣еּܱΪһĴڡ
֪нɽׯׯжôľˣּһܹõģ߸ͬһ
ȷ˵֮ҲͲСˣԳнɽׯׯ˵㾪˵ĽΪҲͲΪˡ
վκǶ
˸ӺǣȻҪɽӵҩϰ鷳ɽӵҩϰ徿Ǻηʥ
ȴҲ뿴ɽӵҩϰ徿жǿܲܵסнɽׯׯ
Դɽӵҩƾճ֮󣬲֪ж˶ڲ²Ʒƫƫ֪Ʒʲô
Ʒļγ֣ûϣֱһƾͰ˴˽ˣǸּܴ򵥵пƷ·
һûᣡ
飬ҹ
һûнɽӵҩն룬͸ɴһȡ
ҩֶˣܿ죬ҲͶϳ͵ĴڣǴǵĹٸԸǣҲܡ
ݴκЩǿߵЭ飬ֻҪڣЩǿ֮ĶԹǶ֡
ֻΧ˸·ĸ֣ʼһĽ磬ҩֶսлһ
ҵһ죬ٶе
һʵһµӰ߳ɽӵҩһһ֮ϡ
ҫһһĹâԶԶĺһһ
飬ӡҵĶӣҧгݣǰֻ֮꣬Ҳھ֮ɫ
Ʒ̫ˣǶʮѣȻܹ˳ɾͣǺ޵ҧгݵͶò𾪡
ҪɱңҲСʹѣƷ˵
Ҷûɱ㣬ȴֱ̫
һ˵
ٶ֮ǰû뵽һ㣬ʵӣҲãƷЦһ˵
ûд𻰣Ѿˣʵɺ裬ǾҲˡ
Ҳϻӡǽ⻹ǲ⣿ͺȵ
ǾͿûˣ


1234 нɽׯׯŵĶ
ããã
ҧ˵ȫķһɲ˷˿ɲǼ䣬ͻһ޴Ľϯ˿
ǰ벽ֵ
ʱӶһҩ֣Ȼн绤ţͨĴڣͿǰ벽ĸ֣һСģ綼ҪԴ
ɢ˶о·ͷ϶һһ㣬ʮֵĺˡ
֮УΨһ
ĽһһڵΧΧĻУŴҲˡ

һȣһʱһͭŽϣһͭŽɢŵĹâǺܿͱ˾˵Ĺâγ˾˵ѹȡ
ÿµĽΪֱ£
ֻоͷƤ飬ַ·ͷʱֲо̲ס
ͨĸֶɵɫ䣬ǰ벽ĸֵѹܹڴκУΪһĸ֡
ͨĸ֣Ѿʼ˱ϵĲˡ
նȺа
г͵һնɲǼ䣬ͷ·ؼ̫һϼ죬֮ͬ
¡
ֲѹŽâֱͬˮһ㳯ųƷϯĽâ˺ѿ˲񷣬ųƷ˹ȥ˿ߵĿԡ
ƷҲûҪߣͬˮһϯĽâֻЦһȭȻһȭ͵غɲǼ䣬ϼڣãһ޴ޱȵޡ
ȭ
ƷҲѾܾûжùһˣ˻һУֵεĸ֣Ѿ㹻ȫˡ
¡
ƷǸһȭޱߵĽ֮УһȭȭƣֱϯĽâĿԱʱٶȳţ͵ķ򵹾˹ȥ
͵ͫ΢΢ĽӿͬκˣٶȳųƷһȭնȥ
ȻƷһȭ·Ǵ֮ȭɨһУκ赲һȭǰͳͳ˿͵Ľһ
ϱһĽҫżµĹâղһ͵һֲˣ˲ֹһΡ
񷶼ۿɼĹģնΣΪˡ
˿һæĳȥһһ䵽˵ҩϣԽҩֻһ
Ѱͨ˵벽ѾѧὫĹһ㣬Ȼ󳹵ͷųȥ
Ʒûκܵ˼һǰ˫⣬һֲĽâȻƷ˺˿
һâƾ˺ʲôӣһΣǼˡ
ɽӵҩĵҲ̫ˣ
ͽ˺齣⣬ʲôֶΣ
ѵɽӵҩĵȻһ޲ɣ
Ҳֵˣ
Ʒһ䣬μ˸һ㣬²ȳһ׵磬Ѿɱ͵ǰ
֪ʲôʱ򣬾һȭһȭһֻ񣬺һȭٶȿ쵽˼£ֻһ⣬ƷһȭѾ˺һУ䵽͵ǰ
ֻоǰһƷѾ˸ǰˣֻüƾűһնȥ
ִٵһȴǳƷĶ֣޷ֵסֱӱһȭС
أ
һ޴ĺͬߵķһ㣬ĵ˳ȥ
òףͲסΣɫ԰ף֪ʲôʱϴŵϣһ󶴡
Ȼ׵ıǻǱһѪɫޱȵѿû׿ܾͻᱻƷһȭ
ޱȷŭʵԼ٣ȻǳƷĶ֣ն˳ƷҲȲԼĶӡ
ͷһΣһĸо
ڿ˰벽֮Ҳûйĸо
ͬʱƷ֮гžƷŶʮ꣬Ǵ̥ͿʼҲôֲʵŶԡ
κ֮ͬ꣬ʤǵƷ⻰ܵزģ˵Ǽˣû˵ˡ
ʮһ˭˭˵
ѹԼ٣ƷȻһ㶼ںˣ
ƷȻдϢʱ䣬ֱһ˲䣬ȭͷ꣬ÿһȭ·Խ˹٣ֱ
һ㣬ͳͳ͵ϡ
أ
أ
أ
ûã˾ֻͻѪޱҵĵ˳ϵѾ׻ΪƬ
ûƷȭͷ
ƲͳŶƷһȭɳȥĹֱһھѪط˷ĳųӴܶȥֱ֮һ޴Ѫ硣
±ƵĿǰһУ
µĳнɽׯׯһĶˣ


1235 һ𣬺
йעһսͳͳɵˣóнɽׯׯڴκ֮УҲϺŵǿߣȻս֮Ķˡ
ֻǶѹŵģ
˵ˣֵĳƷʱҲе±ˣеɵˣ
Ҳû뵽нɽׯׯȻܵ˵Ĺϣ˵··һᶼûƷ
ƷҲûм׷ȥҲûзɱ˶ԷɵɣȻˣǾ˰ɡ
һսҲ͵ܣĻ
һսĲŸոտʼͣ
˵ԭɽӵҩϰ岻飬ֻеҩһ֮е˲֪Ļôڿǵ˶֪ôˡ
벽ĸ֣κ˵˵Ǹ߸ϵһˣ
Ǽĵ֮⣬벽ĸָܻκһ֣
Щ˾ڴκٷǶǹ˺ŵģκһǼΣյ
ڣΣյҪһˣǾɽӵҩˣ
ɽӵҩƽʱ̫͵ˣϾӼһ
ȻҲ˵ûг˵ǰʵϲࡣ
Ψ֪ƷݵģǴ󲿷˶֪˵ʱӦûûа취̽ƷϢ
ƷѾ¶ˣ֮ǰֻ˵һҩ֣δЩע⡣
ڣֱӰѳнɽׯׯˣһսκ
Ҫֵ͵ҲˣݳΪֻ֪Ҫʱˡ
𶯵Ļսǰ£˶Ǻôһ£ͻȻ;ͳƷսһ
ΨǷǳôһ¡
Ȼε嶼ϣƷܺݺݽѵһͣǵƷĺݺݽѵͣʹĴӴ֮
սǰĸ߲㶼Ⱥ±ƣ
֪Ϣ֮ϰڿ˵ǻ̫С˳ʦˣʦʵ֮п¶һָĴڣ
гʦıӻ룬ǲɽʦţҲܹŰɣ
ε
һս֮ɽӵҩͶ˲ٵ̽ӣȴû˸㿿Ҫ֪һİ벽ĸְ
ƷҲûкЩ̽ӶƽϣȻЩ̽ӶǳģҲν
չصʱ򣬳ȴһϢ̫̫֮Ҫһʮ٣óƷ׼һ²μӡ
ƷҲ̫̫һҲһʮˣȻ̫̫Ҳͨĸ֣Ȼô¶ΪҲ̫ǿ磬Ȼͺ
Ʒһ£ϾѾ⣬̫̫˵õﻹٵ
ٵܹ˵
֮ǰƷƹһöˣ
һЩ˸ĸ
Ҫ¿ʼˣȻֻʱܽȣԸ飬սǰﵱȻСˡ
ֻһʱ䣬ͽٵĲȫˣЩҩȻ㳣ȴҲûô
ڳƷչٵʱ
սǰһ̳֮Уʬ壬˵ʬɽѪսǰڵʬ嵹Ѫ֮С
һ£׷ͯյ߾ֱۣץһսǰ̳̳Ĳӡ
͵һӣսǰ̳̳Ĳͱšˡ
ƷźңɱҵĵӣҪ㸶ۣ
Ц˵̳Ѿһɱ˸⡣
һߣһµģ߻˹һεжʧܣܲˣźһңҲɱ
ߺߣѾȥˣҪźȮ
Ǹһ˵
˵Ͼź̫˵һʮ٣Ҫǵɥ磡
Ǹ¹üͷ΢˵Ʒ²öԸнɽׯͶϣ
Ǻɫˣ˵ƨҶһնɱͽˣ֣ǳƷͨı죬ҲҪ
ȻˣҾȥ׼ˣսǰ׼ôãǰ¹˵
ȲǳƷǰˣô죬ҿһҪ֤֮أǾȱݾˣǺߺܿ˾ȵƷ֮ٽսǰһССսǰʲôʱǶü
໥һۣתۼ̳ͱ縲ȥˣû֪ѾһƬ˼һڡ


1236 ʢһ
һ죬źһϲ̫һʮĴ٣ź˵Ǵ¡
ϿʼŵлźȻ㲻Ȩ󣬵κڶ˿źԷ
£û˸̫Ĵ٣ڼ֮ǰ½ⷿ
ʱ磬ʽʼʱݵĿ˷׷ǰˡ
ƷΪСҲһ͸˹˲ðǶ̫̫գǼΪĵġ
֮ǰ֮ͬǰƷź֮УҲûʲô̫ĴڸУ֪ҲΪ̫̫Ĺϵ
ڲͬˣԴӳƷ֮ǰ˳ʢ֮¶ü֮ڳ֮еͲϵĸǡ
ƣԼĶźӵλûʲôȤĻֻҪΪźӵĵһѡˡ
Ȼ˶ź֮λᣬǲû˿
ʵϣƷչֳԼʵ֮˿ѾǱɣ㲻źƷҲܹһƬԼ¡
Ϊ飡
ƷվС֮У̫̫֮ϣ˵Ĺأźҫ̫̫ףݵĿˣŻӭӡ
ڳƷĶ棬ǳʢͳ޽ܵˣʱЩ˶żҧгݵ鿴ųƷ
ʢͲ˵ˣ˵ݺݴĳ衣
޽ܸΪΪƷźӵλãһֱźӵλӦĲŶԣȴΪƷĹϵײˡ
޲ÿĿܹƷɱ
Щ޵Ŀ⣬Ʒ벻⣬Щ˵Ŀ⻹˲
̣Ϊ׼һ񵥣ĿʱʢݺݵĿһ۳Ʒ֮ǰһ̫˵
ϵݳһ񵥣̫ԱߣҫӹһҲɵ¶˼־ȵ飬ò˵һϵȷʵΪˡ
ɨһۣܹóһϵѾֵƷʯ
ֻǼƷʯҲʮƷʯȣȷʵǲƴ֡
һԵС˽ϵ֮˶һ
˵ʮÿһǸɵйڿȻ١
ȷʵһ֦滨ѹģܱȡ
ǮϹȻ
Ҳ̫ǳϵС㣬˵˵ȥԼˣ
ɲԼ˾ܹݵģȷʵôֱʣ
ʢ֮ǰƷ֮֮û뿪Ϊһ̣¶˼ֵЦݣ˾̾
һüĸоƷΣûУĲܹȵϵġ
ڳƷԱߣſҧгݣʢǹģǵġ
Ҳò̾ĳֱʣ
Ʒʯһ˵ֱǲ֡
ĻҲ֪Ҫܹܹһ
ԱߵĳƷһʮֵȻӣûбһݺ𾪡
ãããһȥүү㸸׺ã
̫Ц˵˵ҲòôĶʱôֱʵǼΪӵ顣
ĳһ
ҲûʲôҰģѾܴˣѾ״̬Ὣ濴ĺء
Ҹ˵ûμ磬ܱǸΨһ㱡ϣ̲Ҫ
ʱʢ緢˵Ȼ˵һݱ񣬵ȻҲĽһݱ
㸸ײ͹£ΪϷǣҪǹһϸˣˣ
̫Ц˵
ѾԼˣ˵̺۳Ʒǲ֪Ʒһι̴٣׼ʲôأʢȻǶ̫˵ģĿȴĶס˳Ʒ
ʱ֪֮ԹˣһֻȻĸо
ԭʢųƷأ
ʢóһ񣬿˵Ƿصģκһ˶ûа취֮ȵģЩѫҲԶ
ЩǮѫˣ͸˵һƷˡ
źӶǣֻźӵĺѡ˶ѣжǮóƷʯѾܲˣ
ǳʢĴɱС


1237 Ӷ𾪣һ
ʢһ͵Žʱˣ
Դ֮ǰƷݺݽѵ֮һֱڵһˡ
ƷɻҲˣԼʵͳƷûκοɱԡ
ҪܳƷǸܵˣΨһһᣬܹݺݴƷˡ
Ҳʲôʧ󣬱ϾƷһСӶѣڳΪӺѡ֮ǰҲֻǳ֮һͨˡ
ʲôһ˵ֻ¶Բ㣬οǺֳء
˵֮󣬳ʢһĿųƷ·һӣܹƷһ
ʢ꣬ʲôֲԼ׼ģʲôõģ
ʱѾ̲סֱ˵
һԳҫɫѾΪ֮ǰһεĴʢѾѧˣû뵽Ҫ顣
ƽʱʱһֻ۱һֻҲˣƫƫĸ׵磬һʮĴ١
ʢʱ飬ڵڴⲻǵҪǳҵô
̫ϴЦҲҲɵȻ׳ʢ굽ʲôˡ
Ҫ飬ݺһγƷӡ
Ϊʢ˽ѵ֮ĹۣȻڲŷ֣̫ʢˡ
һӵڣصľӣʢҪӣܹĵ
ŭ֮ʣأʱ洫һͨ
ʦЭǷ᳤ֻײµ
ͨ𣬶ʱ˶ˣǳҫԼλվ
ǳ̫Ĵ٣ĶǳԼ׾죬Ҳϸĸӹȵȡ
϶ֻǲ˴ˣϾֲ̫ǳҫ٣Ҳûô档
ʦЭǷ᳤ֻĵλǾ͸˵ˣִʦЭĴڣ۵λУȫһ޶Ĵڣҫ˵Ҳֻ߲͡
ʦЭֻǲһϸأѾǺܸˣҲܵˣڿײ±Ը˶ʱȻˡ
Ҳʵ̫˰ɣ
ҫæվ˵룬룡
Կײ£Ҳôæ˵
ܿ죬ײµӰѾ˵ǰ
׻᳤ǰԣҫǰ˵ڿײҫȻҲύֻ֮ǰײһֱǲ䲻ȵ̬ȡ
ĺүпв٣ǿײĵʦЭ᳤ȴֻһ˫Ȼͬն
ûʲôҲǸոմӵ۶أ˵̫̫٣û׼ֻ׼Ҫ֣
ײæ˵ӻóһУȻһУеһƿҩ
ҶƵİٲݻ񵤣ƾϵһЩЧײµôæҲֻõóˣ
ײµĻո˵꣬ʱ˵һǶʶģȻ˵ײ¶Ƶİٲݻ񵤣˵ǧ
Ϊͨĸ˵ϵƶʲôǶֶϽţԶӻȥò˶þָܹ
Ψоϵֻһ㣬ҲǺѻָģҲ˸оΪֵġ
ƫƫٲݻԵľǾƣƽЩͨĸ֣ķǧδܹһöٲݻ񵤡
ڿײ¾ȻóһƿٲݻΪ
ǿײ˵񣬹һƿٲݻ񵤵ļֵͳϰƷʯ
˵ĳ̶ֳ˵֮ǰϵҪ֮ǰϾϵֻǲȴ˻ǮĶؼʱԾĵҩġ
̫ǳʱִһЩҲǿײ¿Ǻźûʲôģʱ򣬾Ȼ˴Ѫ
˲˼ĵطͼʲôѽ
񣬻̫Ҫ֣
ײ˵
׻᳤̫ˣ
ҫæ˵Ϊ˫ݹϵȫͬġ
Ϳײûʲô飬µĻǷľ̫ˡ
첻һնѣ׻᳤Ҳδе̫¡ˣ
̫Ǻܷġ
ү̫ˣⲻֻѣλ֣Ҿͺܸˣ
ײ´ʱæ˵תͷ˳Ʒ˵
СѣҲŰ˵仰
ײµĻ˶еˣͳƷʲôϵ
ѵʶ


1238 Ӷ𾪣
˶ײµĻͿˣôźײʶƷӡ
ײ¾ȻƺƷΪСѣ𽵹󣬺ͳƷƽ۽˼
ҫӿײµϿ˼ֺãǼֽŵ˼
ͺ³ƷϴӦһ
ƷӦÿײºܽţ
ʲô
ҫ±ˣ벻⵽ôһˡ
綼ôˣôԽԽˣ
һҿˣ
ܿ죬ҫ̾͵ó˽ۣһǿˣײǿǵʦЭĻ᳤ǼǶǲӣô¶ֺõζء
ȫѧ
ʱ˵Ŀⶼ˳ƷͿײˣǳʢͳ޽ܵ˸Ǽ˹һ
ײʲôǿԺүƽƽĴЩСֱҪײ£̫ᱻ
³ʢһСүݣڿײµǰʲôǿִһǵĵʦЭ᳤
ھȻҪͳƷƽ۽
ôŶ֣
ڳƷߣɫͨ죬˷ܵģײǿƽ붼ĴھȻҪͳƷƽ۽ֱ̫ˣţƣ
Ʒԥһ£ˣΪʲôײ¾Ȼ˵ǰ۽½ˡ
»Ϊ˸߼ʦ˸߼ʦҲǺͿײһļҪͳƷʽҲˣܹоһĸоˡ
Ӧ֪֮ǰս͵ˣ
ֻһ߼ʦݻÿײˣټһ벽ֵݣǾȫͬˡ
Ѱܹκһ˵ֵôһӵˣκһ
οƷˣڶ̶ʱ֮ڶˣ
ԳƷδ˵ضҪʦ͵ľ硣
˿ײ۽½ʵϣײǰء
ͨЩƷҲͲˣֱ˵Ȼǿ׻᳤һ⣬̫ͲҪܾˣȻ󣬲ʦ˵Ǳ˵Ķˣ
Ʒô˵ײ¶˼ϲ⣬æ˵ûûʵĻ˹ѣ˵ǻһЩʱѣֵһᣬֵһᣬֻҪ̫ϲͺˣ
ƷûзײһͳƷƲĲ࣬һη˵۶רŽƷͨܲ
Ҳû̫Ʒһ£ô˵ҲͬǸ߼ʦֻеġ
Ȼ֮󣬾˵˳Ʒһ飬˲֪ɽӵҩ˭ʦЭỹ֪ģǴһʼ֪ǳƷ
ǸʱֻΪƷṩһЩѣ˭֪ƷԽԽֲ
һս˳нɽׯׯͣ׼ȷӦǳнɽׯׯͱƷǱӣûƷնɱ
һǵʦЭᶼˣȻʦҲ֣Ҳֻһ֡
ԳƷ˵Ȼͬʱʦ֣Ҷ˼Ϊ˵ĳɾ͡
ȥδƷܿͬʱΪʦ͵֣ݣһˣܹΪκķһţκҪ
οˣǿ¾ͻΪǰ޹ˣߵĴˡ
Ӿǿײ¶˲üˣæͷʾˡ
ڳƷȻͼȴûоܾʾãƷ棬Ӧ顣
ⲻɵһ
ƷȻӦҫ̫˶ò̫ԣôоֵֹģ濴ôоǿײҪϸӵ϶³Ʒˡ
ƷأΪֺõһȻҪԥҪһ롣
ôôŹ֡
˵Ҳǰ׳գλײ¿ѹǳųƷģ̫٣ֻһͷѡ
뵽̫ҲͲˣΪųƷнơ
ȻˣҲͲˣˣ׻᳤պã̫׻᳤
ײ
ʢʱе±ƣղƳƷôһͱˣôǳƷĪֳһηͷ
Ȼ㲻ô£ǿƷƵӣͺ޵ҧгݵģ
ʢոƷѣһͨ
˾ͽ᳤̻ЯŮ˾ͽµ
Ⱥ֮һɧһԵˡ
˶Щ±ƣ춼ʲôƽЩﶼ׳֣ȴһһĳ֣


1239 Ӷ𾪣
˾ͽ̻Ļ᳤˾ͽҵ
ǿУһָҵ֮УĪӰ
˵̻һλ᳤ߣ˵ġ
жǾصź˵ҲǿƽƽĴ
ź˹٣˾ͽҵǰǺܸˣϾȨô࣬ÿ˹ٶҪǰĻһҲøɱˣǲͣĲμ磬ͣѾ۵ùǺˡ
źȻȥҲûЩܹܹһѾܲˡ
Ȼ˾ͽҵȴǰˣһԼİŮ
ٿ˿ײ£ܾýֵֹģЩȻһһĵˡ
ЩײһӣƺҲû뵽˾ͽҵҲ뵽ʲô˿ƷʱҲˡ
˾ͽҵһģǳųƷģֻź˵Ļûôӣܹڰæ֮ǰ
ֻǲ֪˾ͽҵ״֪ġ
ЩײҲͲˣֱλ֮ϣڵĿ죬·һжһϵûһ
һһ˫ĿӴһһȹŮ˵֮С
˾ͽ᳤ã
˾ͽ᳤þò
˾ͽ᳤ãһһᣡ
һ·ϣ˷׷׿ڣҪͽ˾ͽҵ
ĳ̶ֳ˵˾ͽҵźҪӳ㣬źȻλȨأȵ˾ͽҵôֱأе֮˵ֻҪ΢ָһˣǻϾͷѽ
Щѣ˾ͽҵֻò΢΢һЦ˵ͷȻֱ˹
̫ź򣡡
˾ͽҵڵ
һԵ˾ͽҲĺһźã̫飡
ãããõúܣ
̫˾ͽ£ЦĿɸˣͺ˾ͽ£ȻҲܷҪҲҪ˾ͽºͳƷһס
˿˾ͽ£ֿ˿Ʒֻ˾һԽͯŮһˣٺҲûˡ
˾ͽЦ绨ЦݴûжϹǳƷ̫ĪЦŪûڣҲɵ̫ܿ뷨
Ȼ̫ܴ󣬵Ϊú̫СһģһԸ˶֪̫ǽƷء
µĶһ뷨ͲԼӡ
ڵѾĳƷ벻ףҲ٣ֻҪ˼Ҹ˾ͺˡ
˾ͽ֣ĸ״٣ͷݹ٣
ź˵Ȼ˾ͽҵûоλɲ˾ͽҵǰôź˾ͽ̻ỹЩҵϵĽģҲһֱҪ£
˵ﻰҵĽ飬Ҫ˵ô˾ͽҵæ˵
ǽҫ˵е±ƣ֮ĽҲǵͷ֮ɣ˾ͽҵ˵Ǳ˻Ϊ֮Ĺϵжء
ôæûдʲôֻһֲҪ⣡
˾ͽҵһ֣һ󲨶һУȴһֽЩƵĹŻŻϣֻһӰȭ
˵ǰһֻоһӰȻֱӻˣ˵ǰֱӻһӰڴȭ
һȭѣһȭ⳯ǵ˹
ǱֱӺһŷ֣ǰĻþͻȻһʧˣҲֻһѣʲô
ǵ۾
Ļ˾˵
ʣ¼仭ǧǧ򣬵ƷĿ˵ǷëǣܹƷĻˣ֮жԳƵʦʦҪϡ١
ԻѾһ似ĵزˡ
һ˻ԻΪĿ꣬ǻĵһؾ硣
ǿһľǣ֮⣬һƣһѾԳƵǼΪ˵ˣǻĵڶؾ硣
֮ϵģ汸Ϊƺĳ˵еߣ˭ǿһЩǵϣʱĻΪйĻΪ
ǵ˵ؾ磬汸ǾͼΪ˵ˣֵزˣϿԳƵһ˳ƴʦ
ʦĻȻ󣬵ȴĴץ
ؾ֮ϵģּĻͲֻ汸ܹԼĵС
ƷΪѵãΪֻܹɽˮ񣬼ֵɹشԻǰ


1240 Ӷ𾪣ģ
شΪɬѶģ˶֪ģͨ£̸⣬ϾǲϵĽǿһ̡
˫ޣͨ£һеĻҲ֮ء
еޱ߿ຣ֮Уֻ㹻ǿ󣬲ܻС޵ߴﵽеı˰
ǵͨҪʼǿΪԸ˵ĻɬѶɬ
ĻȴܹһֵԻʽչ˵ǰΪġ
ÿÿĻʣ˵׷ں̵ܶʱ֮ڣͻᱻ߼ߣϲĿԡ
Ļ֮УһΪģ˾ͽҵóһŻչʾ֣һѧ
ֻֻǻһʵ氵һѧֻҪղ򣬴Ħܹѧһѧ
᱾󣬾ôһѧҲǼֵƵģۻ۸Ŀֲˡ
ײµֱ˵ҲֻС
Щ˸ֻõһ˾ͽҵʲôأһŻ棬Ͳ֪˵ɱˡ
ҸղſˣȻվʿĻ
⻰Ƿ׷۾վʿĴǶ׹׼ȷ˵վʿڵˣǰһʦʱ˵£վʿֻͿѻ֮ڶһۡ
˵ĻˣǻʦҲÿһζܻĻģҪ뻭һĻҪܳʱ䣬ϣһĺϵ״̬пܻ
վʿͳĻ۸һֱǾӸ߲£ĻѾѵˣټϻվʿĻǾ͸ޱˡ
⡭̫ˣ
ҫһȻæ˵
оԽԽˣôһϲô˵ģͺˣټϻǳһ׾ѧǼֵȻ˵ԶԶѾĵزˡ
ˣͲ֪ҪǷʲôʱܻˡ
һĶ
ȻޱȵĶ֪һڣǼ鼴
ʲôزصģ˾ͽҵ˵ⷴҲǸ̫ףٵģ
Ѿ˵ϣҫҲֻ˵Ǻðɣ˾ͽɣ
ҫæ˰
ڲԶʢ꣬޽ܵ۾ҪֱˣǿĻǣҲֻǿѡ
ͨĸûд֧ŵĻ۵ҲĻټվʿ֪֮ʦĻǼ۸ˡ
ϾǲܹעһĽвƸһŻʵ̫ܼˡ
ھȻһǵǰܲۺô
žͷóʢ꼵ʵҧгݵ飬˾ͽҵûĴ㣬ֱ˳Ʒǰ
ǳ˾ͽҵһ£ƺ벻γƺƷ
˾ͽ᳤ƷͺˣƷ״ֱӿ˵
֪˾ͽҵΪʲôⷽ棬ǻ벻⡣
Ʒô˵˾ͽҵ΢΢һ¶˸ӲõЦݣ˵֮ǰСŮᵽ㣬֮ǰĹգһֱûüŵлҪֲǣ
˾ͽҵ˵ǳƷ֮ǰ˾ͽµ飬º˵Ҳֻо󱳷˾ͽı˺ˣⱲӶԭԼ
ƷЦЦĿһ˾ͽҵ鶼ȥһˣ˾ͽҵʱŽͷţµлֻһСֵɶѣɣֻ»֪͵һսɡ
ǿײ£˾ͽҵֻ¶˶
ƷҲûнҴĴ㣡
Ʒ˲֪ǷʲôһĻӶɳˡ
˾ͽҵ˼ǳƷ֮ǰ˾ͽʲô飬˾ͽҵŻŵл
̬ô£ֱˣ
Ƕܹ˾ͽҵżֺõ飬ȫƽʱǸ߸ϵ˾ͽ᳤
Ҫ֪ղžź̫ʱ˾ͽҵǲŲæġ
ȻһƷȻ¶ֺõɫƺ³Ʒһ
һǼٵ˾ͽҵ
Ψ˾ͽҵԼ֪˳ƷǴս͵Ǹ˵ʱ˶±ˣ̫ǿҪƷܸ˾ͽµʱǲô˵ġ
źӵĻǻŵԣֻһûʲôϣӺѡˣⲻΪô
˭֪ʮӶʮһӱˣ


1241 Ӷ𾪣壩
Ƽתֱ£
ǿϳƷģóƷѹ䲻ԼŮ˭֪ƷȻôһ֡
źΪ۵ӺѡˣȻ۵ǸǸ߼ʦǰ벽ǿߣһκϣοŮ
˵߼汸δǰ;Ϊ嶤飬Ӧ˵ھѾһˡ
ԳƷʵ츳δҪΪκȨ£һĴ£Ȼ˾ͽ᳤̻֮Ҳֺá
ȻҪֲ֮ǰԳƷĹʧˣ
ҪǣƷܲʯͷĳİɣ̵ܹŵƷʦŸε˵á
óվʿֻ֮һΪ˺٣֮һǸƷӣ֮һǸƷǸ²ǿŵġ
㲻ϵҲ˫˹ϵ
Ȼ֪²Ǹǿţʵѹǲڵģĳ˵˵ƷǴʯͷĳҲû
֮⣬һûиκ˵˼ǾԵĻϳƷǺСŮ˾ͽµĻ¡
ԭ۸ڶóƷ䲻˾ͽ£ȻڲͬˣڲϳƷ飬ǳƷǼҵ⡣
ûëԼŮò绨ǣҪȻҲ̫ΪƷ˵ס
νвŮò֮ϣ
ʱƷԼŮʲô˵ô
˾ͽ᳤ˣҲǾ֮Ͷѣ
Ʒ˵
ƷϴεллˣͨԪ˾ͽһ˫ˮһ㿴ųƷƺ뽫Ʒһӵһμ濪ʼ͸оƷʹȫһ
𽥴ӰǱ˵˳Ʒ಻˵飬ƺҲϰˣƷս飬ûоʲôˡ
ǳƷĻӦܹġ
Ʒûʲôѣ
˾ͽʵҲǸողųأΪ֮ǰƷΪͨԪʽͨˡ
Ʒһǰ̣˾ͽҵôֱҲк̶ܴء
Ȼ˾ͽµʺ˾ͽҵʲ˵˾ͽ¿ֻͨʱ⣬ͣһͨĪơ
οôܹͨδͨذضкܴϣͨ۷嶼лᡣ
ⶼǳƷģܹмѾ˲һ㺣ЩƽǰڵЩӸ磬ҲûһȵϳƷġ
ƷǳƷ
˾ͽҵ˾ͽŮͳƷ˵ʱ򣬳ʢԱݶҧˣƷǳƷ
ⶼôˣһҳƷ
ԭҪݺݴһγƷƷʯǳƷܹõóġ
˭֪ûüװƣЩƽ߸ϵĴǴһһˡ
ҲˣȻǳųƷģ
˾ͽŶĶŮȻҲüĿĿųƷġ
ƷʲôõģۼǹҵСүƷһóӺѡ˶ѣò۷ΪԶԶ˳Ʒ
Щ˶Ϲһ۾ֻгƷƷƷ
ʵķȫ¶·𱻶ʼɵĻճɻˡ
˾ͽСǰɣһһᣬҽһ£ҽ̳ʢ꣬ӣ֮ǰһֱڵ۶û뵽УȻɵŮʢܿŭݣһΪзȵǧ
˾ͽһ˫֮飬ӵʵ̫ˣӺǰʼҸоӵܾǲӬһûûˡ
ԽˣԽог˳Ʒ׿ȺƷʱû¶ֱ飬෴ģܹоƷһֵС
ȻòȴһòС
һĸоܴܣŸовóƷڲͬ
ʱֻһֵĺ棬֪һŮ˶һ˿ʼȤʱ򣬾ΣյʱѾˡ
ţ
˾ͽ¸ֻǵĵ˵ͷ
־ǧ֮ղźͳƷ˵ʱγĶԱȣóʢоԼžžˡ
ķ񣬺޵ҧгݣ
Ϊӣûܵӣֱܴ衣
Ҫ֮ʣأִһͨ
ЯŮ


1242 Ӷ𾪣
һ
˴ʱѾеľˣһһĵԼһ
ûãһŮһ˴˽
Ϊ׵һһԼĪʮģӣν׳лһ־õϢ
ǰźͬ궼ھְºһЩӵķ
һһҵǰͰˡ
Ϸˣˣ˼
ЦǺǵ˵
һΣź򶼳סˣͰ֮䣬ȻǺүǱ˴֮Ҳ̸ʲô̫ϵ
һΰȻǰֱǸˣӸеĻˡ
壬̫ˣ
Ͱæ̫˵
ããã
̫ʱֻоֵúϲ£ˣЩһĶ٣ʲôӵء
үǰ̫ˣҫæ˵
ûʲôϷ˹٣ܲǰôЦǺǵ˵
ҫһЦǻǸо̫Ծһģ춼̫Ծ
ʵϣϵĺõģһѾˣҲʲôԾġ
ƫƫƽʱҲ㲻̫磬ȻҲİˡ
һԵĳʢԭһʢŭ״̬ǵ˰֮ʱǰһæǰ˵㣬ǲǵңǳʢ갡
㿴ʢ꿿ʱ¶˼飬Ȼǵʢ꣬ʲôӡˣ֮ǰԼĸ֮󣬺⣬±˲֪һ
ȻʤһжѣǱ˵ĺǴʤһֵǽ֪
ֱߵ˳ƷԱߣƷþòˣ
Ʒ΢΢һЦҲʱչزˣԭͻȥˣ
ƷѾˣѾͨأʵˡ
Ʒô˵ʱ΢죬Ҳָ㣡
ոտͨԼĹƶûôͻƣǽֻǸ˳Ʒһʱ䣬Ʒ΢ָһţԭǸ֮еȱݱƷ޸ˣϲĵطҲõ˳Ʒָ㡣
̶ʱ䣬Ϊ
˳Ʒ㣬ϼֱǿ˹һ
ҲǶ죬׻ԼĶѣƷЦ˵
ͷôͻ˰ҺòײͻƣҪȻȻأ
һԵĳźܿҲ˵ȥһ֮У˹ϵĺ磬ǳţ׼ȷ˵Ǳ̫ˡ
ʢֱˣŰǳųƷģʢɫѾױͨ죬ȫȫǱġ
ͿҪըˣһԵİѾԱߡ
ʢ꣬ϴӮһУȴ˵ңҲҺٽһΣĿ⿴ųʢ꣬һͷӥһ㡣
ϴʧܱеãʢȻ˾֪к޵ģ뱨ˡ
ʢŭյĿŰȵãʱޣ
˵Ĺ򣬰ȴźˣ͵һ۸񲻷Ƶ֮󣬾ͳųƷķ˹
Ʒ˹˿һĻˣȻǳųƷġ
Ѿǵһˣʱ벻ףǿɾɵˡ
ǿײ£˾ͽҵǰƶǴΪ̫̫ףٵĻģʵأĿֻ»ǳƷˡ
ȻĻƷֻź֮һûʲôĺ󱲣ΪʲôЩһȥұˣƫƫҳƷء
Ʒ˹˵
ˣ˵һأ֮ǰСŮлչˣ˵ڰʱΪȻ˻һҲò˼顣
ӶǱ֤ʵ֮󣬳Ʒ͵һν˰֮УǰƷս͵𾪡
ŮǱ֪ƷǸɽӵҩ˵ʱʶ֮ǰȫ̫С˳Ʒˡ
벽Ĵڣ
ֱ£Ҫ֪ǵһҲûӵΪأ붼ÿ¡
ʲôнɽ˲ųɧ꣡
ߵʱ򣬲ŷֿײº˾ͽҵѾˣˣõϢĿ϶ֻԼһˡ
ûʲô֮ǰҲҲæݻƷЦЦ˵үˣ
ųƷͰ̶ҫٳٶҲˣЩͣһ⣬ȫǳųƷġ
֮ǰΪǸ͸ӣƺԼ֪ܣЩﶼһ˼
飬ϸҷԸȥʲô飡


1243 ʹ
ҫʱٳٶۣҲ֪鲻ˣʵϣǳҫгµЩˣҲѾ鲻Ծˡ
϶ʲô˶ֻ֪ǲ֪ģ
ƫƫƷǳźģȻǸоǳı
ǲҲȫԣ˶֪ˣֻǲ֪ѣƷʹսȫǣиɳ̽ӡ
ƷȻӼֲȫҲûݣ̽Ҳǳ飬Ҫ˼ˡ
ײҲã˾ͽҵҲãǰҲãռһȻΪԭ֪˳ƷĴڣȻ֪Ʒս͵顣
Ǳȱһˣ
ֱ˶֪Ҳ֪ĸоʵ̫ˣҫ˿˶̸ĳƷ֮вɵֲ˼顣
Ʒ׻ʲôҲ֪أ
˼ӵĳȣ̫̫뷨͵ˣǵĽҲóҶǳųƷģ粻һͷѡ
ʲôϵأʱֻһоǾǳƷ˺ôˣǳΪźĴҲ鰡
ĳƷʢ޵ҧгݵġ
أʢֱվ˳˳Ʒ˵ƷΪӣͿԶȥˣ̶ôã㵽״ʲô
˵עʱֱƷͳʢ˹ȥղŽ˼ֱӽǵע˹ȥʱˣôһ硣
ⳣʢ껹治һִŰ
˸п˵
ȴֻ³֮⣬ʢѺͳƷˣ˶ˣЩһһȫΪ˳Ʒų̣Ȼʲôԭ
ȴԶԶȳʢСүҪ̫̫ˡ
öײ£˾ͽҵ˴ʱҲ׷׽עת˳Ʒϡ
Ϊȱ֪˳ƷҲ֪Ʒܹóʲô
ʢôô겻ɢڻϷŶݺݵ˵
Աߣûж˵ʲôЩӶĵҲһִ۽ĸо
Щƽ߸ϵĴһ׼ΪźҲǺѼģΪź򣬲ʸЩƽƽ
ȻЩһĶҪֺóƷоɷ򣬱صˣ
о֮ǰԼҪźλõ۹⵽жСǳƷӣȻźӣȴźҪ硣
Լźͷļӳɣ
Ʒ΢΢һЦûнʢĻϣֻǵ˵Ȼ뿴ǾƷʯ͸
˶Ȼˣ֪ƷţƷʯɲǳƷ˵ôˡ
һֱˣƷ׼ʲôȻҲƷʯ
ѼӲ
ʢҲ˳ƷĻֻоƷѹѼӲʱ򣬾Ȼװơ
ƷֻǵһЦȻ˵ûôݳޣһƿҩ̫٣
Ʒһһƿҩ˳ƷϣȻݸ̫
ãããˣ̫⣬ƺ뵽ʲôæ˵
ۿ̫̫һ۾Ҫʢʱżˣο̫̫ҪƷסˣ̫̫óƷһƿҩ۸ٹҲûа취Ʒʯļֵȵİɡ
һ£ȻƷ˵˵ҩ͵Ʒʯҵ뿴ʲôҩʢ˵ֱֹ̫Ҫͼ
̫¶ֲ˵飬ⳣʢ̨ġ
ҵֶʵ̫֪ôˣȻεҪƻ磬ʲô
ҫҲʮֲˣųʢ꣬˵ֻҪзֺ֮أ
˵Ϊڳʢ꿴ӳƷŭоȫ綼˧Լ
飬Ȼûһ˳ģ
ⶼΪƷ
ĳƷ
ȻҲûʲôԼ˵ģûйϵɣ˵ҲһشأƷʢȵ
ȻҴҾͳȫ㣡
ƷǰһҲûʲôģһƿҩöٵÿһöٵٶʮ꣬Ѱ̫綫ٱɽģ
ʱһƬȻ


1244 ٵ
˶ͬը˹һٵÿһöٶʮ꣬ÿһֶһ䶯
ͨ񣬵ȴɳѹһĸǴǿߣҲӲʱʴһҪΪһѻ
κ˶ģ
ÿȨƲͬͬʱ䲻ͬȴǶÿ˶ƽģ
ǶЩǿ˵ʱޱȵԽǿߣܹʱҲԽ
һöܹٶʮʱ䣬ʮܾܹܿ޴ͻƣӶӳ
ûУ׬Ķʮ꣬˭Ҫ
һöļֵԶڳʢƷʯ֮ϡ
˾ͽҵǰû˻ƽ׶Ķʮ޶ԡ
˵ƷʯٶһҲԸģʮʱ㹻̫̫ˡ
ٵôֶʢʱһҲţһЩĵر֮⣬ﻹʲôٵĵҩôû˵
û˵ûУʱײ³ϵվ˵˵ڹʱȷʵٵĴڣֻʱԶʧˣ
˲ͬײǵʦЭĻ᳤Щܱ֪ĶĶ֪࣬ڹʱȷʵٵĴڣǺʧˡ
Ȼ˵һûٵĵʵϣҲɵ֪ʦЭ֮окüֵһЩҪõΪҩġ
ЩҩٵĹܣֻƳ˵ҩ֮ҩЧѣĵرͼΪңֱֵԹڴģռĿԡ
Ϲʱ֮Уźܶٵģٵļ۸ȻҲˣȴҲ޷ܡ
Ǹ֮У٣һҪؾΪٵĵǿߵӳ㹻ʱС
ײµĻʾǸƷ飬ҲȷȷʵٵĴڡ
ڳҲǴκͷʶ㣬ȻҲ˵ٵĴڣֻüΪĵرƶɵٵǹֻдʦлƳһƳ붼κ͢չˡ
Ҳֻûм
κЩǿЧЩٵҲһܴĳ룬ЩԪǿߣҪͶκܹõٵ
⵹ٵܹռϹŵǲǶ֮컯ĵڵЩٵǶԱٹܵĵرԼöѡ
ΪǶֻǴ˵û뵽Ȼܹ
ײ²ɵ𾪵ĿųƷ
ʵٵʵ̫ˡ
Ʒ֮ޱȵĻȣҪ֪ƷŪٵľôһŵ
һ֣ٵļֵǲɹģǿΪұȥģ
֪˳Ʒݵİ˾ͽҵʱҲĽĿǰһĻöٵǾһ갡ǽСˡ
Ʒ̫ˣ
̫ԥһ£˵
ȻϣȴϺͿȻףжôľˡ
ûʲôҲзֵЩٵûʲôô׸̫òˣƷû˵ƵģΪ˵ֻҪΪʸ֮ģٵջû̵ܹסʱκǿ߶ӿ
ǲ鷳ĿʼҲֻ֪»ЩҪ֪̽ûеûٵֻҪǾΪгƷûʲôµġ
˭ðͷ˭
Ʒ̬ȼ̫̫Ҳֻ˵ȻˣҾˣ
һαһξϲ
Ҳţ϶ǲ֪Ķĵҩðģʢۿ˶׷ڳƷٵʱһ˵
ʢֹ꣬ûУҫŭ˵ⳣʢôĸ׵һ˾֪Цô
ҹȥ
ҫѾױʢ꼤ŭȻʢȴǲģмַɫ
ƷҲҵҩ
˿ŷ׷ҡҡͷʢֱѾǻͷˣһˮˣץһݡ
ʢǼųƷƲóٵԲҲҪҩ½ź¶˸ɸɾҲ¡
˵Ѿźµ˸ɾһβܽҴƷƭ֣İľӻ뿪
˫Ŀͨ죬һͽ۾һĶųƷ޲ýʬΡ
Ȼ㻹ģҾģƷЦһ˵


1245 ٵȻģ˵𾪣
̫Ʒһ֮ɨһˣǵ񶼺ܻȣٵĴڣ˶סˡ
ԭΪİˣڣɫҲһͨ죬ޱȵļ
ϾΨһһܹʶٵĻᣡ
ȻҶ뿴Ǿǿɣ
Ʒ˵
Ҳ֤һٵã
ƷȻ˵ٵƳģֻ˵ٵõģĻԼһЩע
ãҾԣ̫ҲףʱԵĻֻǶưոݵģǳʢ꣬һξֶôôᣬһ㶼֪Լ
˵ţ̫ҩƿʱһҩ˱Ƕ̾͸оԼľһҩܿɢ˶оԼÿë׶ſˣһϴĸо
˵Ŀ֮£̫һöٵϣȻȥ
ȥһ˲䣬ҩȫͷ˳ڼ֫ٺ֮С
̫Ҳͨĸ֣Ȼܹоҩǿʼÿһϸ
ָıǼ۶ܹóġ
ʵϣͣͨĸ֣˵ѾҪˣزܹסܾѾʮֲˣ˵ҪϮˣǸǲܵġ
һʼ˥ϣǾһḶ́
ȴܹԵĸо
һʱĴ
˵У̫ı仯Ҳܹĵģԭ̫ͷѾʼˣڿʼϮˣȻ±ں˾ʮһ
ϵƿʼ𽥼٣Ƥ±йЩı仯ܹ̫ϵʼĸǿܹ׸о
̫֮ϵı仯ȫˣһƷ֮ǰ˵ӣ˶ʮꡣ
̫Լо˼飬ɱʵ̫ˣȫڱĸооʵ̫ˡ
ȻģٵȻģ
ЩУܲ˵ľǳʢˣϧź򣬵ҲҪҴƷ
˭֪ҴĽȴóƷ棬档
ǳƷȻ˵ģٵƷǲûƭˣ֮ǰȻ⣬ΪܹݺݴƷ
ƷӦòʲô񣬽ڲŷ֣ȴǳƷԼ
ָоģ类Ʒݺݴһһ
ȫ벻ͨôܣ
Ʒһƶѣƾʲôӵĺö
Ѿɵ˵ĳʢ겻֤֮ͬ󣬾ֻоޱȵ𺳣ޱȻ֪Ʒ׻ûС
û뵽Ȼٵ
ƷǴĶŪٵȻö֮࣡
ЩٵóȥĻ۸ֻҪͻˣʮʱ䰡ҵҲԸɣֻ̫ȥһöѾƷʯҪ̫ˣ
ɲǣЦǸʢ껹ΪܹƷڿɺãƷ˰ɣ
ڳͺ˳ʢ֮꣬ǰĿĽ㣬Ǵ˵еСүڣȴĶ߲ȵҲ˶ѡ
ʢ걻ɫһһף̲סˣԹһ֮һ˦ȥ
泣ʢѫӵܣг޽ܼ״ﻹʵ̫ˣǴδôˡ
Ϊü˳ݺݽѵƷˡ
˭֪ȴǷƷˡ
ʢȥҲûκβµ˻ȥˣ⼸鷳ҳƷ鷳ǽ̫磬Ʒǳҵˡ
ƷˣǲǳҶô
ʢ굽ڻûףΪʲôᱻ¸ˡ
ŭȲ֪
ڳʢȥ֮˵ĿٶȾ۽˳Ʒϣƺ֪ƷǴĶŪٵƷûпܻٵ
еĻ¾ͻȻˣ
༫ǿǿ߶̽ٵ
ԽǶǿߣҲԽҪٵԼסʱͻơ
󣬳Ʒ鷳ĲС
ƷҲںʵҲһܹģ벽νǿߣٶͲˣȻڻǵֵĶ֣ǵҲκεܾˡ
ָʵ֮ûʲôµģ


1246 սǰǷʲô飿
Ʒһ㶼ģ̫ȴʼϾǻҲѲµܻᵽһв
źҲδܹסƷ
ΪٵЩǿߣǿʲô鶼óģû㹻ʵȴչ¶ӵĲƸһСŽϽһ
̾ϢƷȻТģǻ̫嶯ˣҲףֻóһöĻôҲͳˣ˾㻳ɳƷУҲô϶
ǳƷһóöôȫˣƷ϶ǻеġ
Ҳô룬ˣ
£Щ˿ʲô鶼ܹĳģ
Ȼʱ˶ӣҪϢҲѾˣ
˾ͽһԿųƷһ˫֮˼飬֪ٵжôΪˣžʵ̫˼ˣƷȻܹóĶ
һ԰򶨵Ķˣ˾ͽ²ͬһһֱͳƷӴʵ̫ˣƷһԶҲڲͷıأԾϲ
ÿΪƷѾزˣ˭֪Ʒٻظһȫµľϲ
֮˸žâƷȷʵͬŮ˵ģֱɲ⣬ֻнõĿܣĻ롣
Щ֮УΪ𾪵Ļǳҫ֮ǰΪѾȫ׼˳Ʒ磬ΪѾܹһ̽ʱ򣬳ƷʵԶء
ûиЩΪʲôΪƷƷٵݺһΡ
оⲢͬһĲƻһĲƻٶ࣬ǧƷʯźȨҲסϾվκ
κȻǿƣǺôҲһҶһү֣ʣںκѫϵԣû˾ĵӡ
ٵܹͬӳһ㣬㹻˷ˣֻҪܻȥ㽫κٷȫΣԶǧ֮С
뵽ʵЩͷˣĳƷо־ϲ
ǿƷѹں飬оóƷѹûижôļְɡ
޵ȴǳƷǳʢ꣬ǳʢĻ鱾ǿܽеġ
ƷҲûдĵ˼Ȼƫƫʢ꽫˳ֵ˾֪
ôʢ꣬ô˳ۣǺ޵ģ
ĲΧЩ˿Ʒ̫ԾеĿⶼѺõģЩԴżֲơ
ϾҪ˵ٵʵ̫ˣֻǽϢȥֻ¶Ƶļ۸
ھͺ޲Ͻ磬ȥýܵķ꣬ҪƷ׻ʲô
ЩϿûһɵϣܹһͬǰ϶ʲôҲ֪Ķ
أʱ˵ĿԽԽеʱִһͨ
սǰЯθ
ٶɵۣһУһΣ˵Ŀⶼ˳ƷǣѾȷˣ϶ˣ϶ǳųƷġ
սǰȻֻǰɣȴѾǵһĹģսǰİҲϵǳϺŵĴм
ȨҲҪսǰ
룡
ʱҫѾȫûƢˣֻæ˵
һսǰϰε壬˾ʹ˽
սǰɨһȺ˺üףɵЩȻû뵽ЩҲˣһһ𺳰
λǺþûˣû뵽ܹλսǰǧλ˵
ײµ˷׷׻ȻЩȻ֪Ʒ׺սǰʲôϸսǰȻš
սǰǰųҫ̫˵ү̫ĴæҲû׼ʲôõĶֻ׼ˣһ̵ֵǸ̫ϲ
սǰ˵ͨͨһȴǷ׷׵һΪɲѰĶһӳϵĻƽҵֵ֣ɹһֱûȥ⡣
Ϊսǰĵ̣Ӧ˵ֶսǰ￪ģҲû취
֪˶Ҫֻһ̣սǰﶼûϾֻ½𵰵ĸ˭ǲɵô
һ̣Ƕս𣬶սǰȻҪ½𵰵ĸˣֱøź
˶ˢˢĽĿ⿴˳ƷսǰﵽǷʲô飬ֵô


1247 ͵ͷ
˶ף϶ź飬źսǰûֽ飬ʲô潻Ҳ̨µģôõϽн
ԺԾǳƷˣҲֻгƷֵսǰ˳֡
ǾǲףƷʲôսǰͷΣһ̣Ǽֵˣ㹻ˣһ֣ǼֵԶԶƷʯļ۸ˡ
½𵰵ĸУûж١
е㲻ˣ̫ˣ
һΣ̫ҫֱ˵
ʲôʲʵģʦΪսǰģⲻǾţһëѣ
սǰϰֱӿ˵
ȻһֵĵȥҲ۵ҪǺͳƷսǰȣ㲻ʲôˣҪûгƷҲס
ҪǣΨгƷܹסսǰﲻɽʦŸţЩд۵ġ
Ȼûѵͣ˶֪ԭĻ¾ͲΪսǰĴֱʶˣΪսǰĻҵȣ͸ʲôˡ
ҫֿ˳Ʒǲ֪ƷʲôЩһһǰ
ʦҲ˵һ仰Ĵæʲôû׼Ҫҫգսǰϰż
˿Ĳûιȥûֳ棬һҪһԼĺ񣬲ջ·Բˡ
˵жźҪǾſЩ
ƷսǰϰԼϣ֪Լ㲻ˣֱ˵ȻˣǾ°ɣҲսǰһ⣡
Ʒô˵սǰϰһ˿ƷӣģսǰϰȻһ֮һӣ·Ƿһ
ƷȻսǰǸģɣ
̫룬˳Ʒ
ҲóսǰǳųƷģǳųģƷʲˡ
ˣҪЩʲôã
ƷҡҡͷעڴǾЩʲôá
̫Űɣ͵Тˣ
ƷУΪΣյʱ̫飬ãȻΪòأҲһֱǵһ㣬им
ȣЩʲôء
̫ƷޱȵļᶨҲκ˵Ȼˣҫ°ɣ
п÷ƷǱĶ飬ͬģиɾ֮պĹϸˣվϵӥڵϾ
ʦĴæ֮ǰӦһݱ꣬Ѿ׼ˣսǰϰﲻݣȻһֵĵ֮⣬׼һݱꡣ
һֵļֵ㣬ֻһݱҲٲĶȥ
ֻоˮˣЩĲƸһ˵Ļ˲ͻһҹˡ
ٿƷӣֱȫں鵭Ȼ·ЩǲƸһ
ǲ֪֮УƷѾɵйһΣ۸Щܹ˵ġ
ţã
Ʒ˵ͷ
أսǰϰСĿһ۳ƷȻŵ˵ʦнɽׯׯҪʦ
ƷЩȻҲû뵽սǰϰȻǰʹҪ֪֮ǰһսǣͲûϣֱĶӡ
һսǵ춨˳ƷΪͲҧг취ͲˣôҪ
⿴ôѧѵͲ³Ʒһͽô
ⲢûпܵģԳƷʵҪһҲ̸жôѡ
ʦĪˣɺ軹ǰأ
ʱսǰЦſųƷ˵Ʒһսŵ÷ܣԳƷûʲô취ˡ
Ǳŭ֮µȴǲûսǰˣǳܹвͬھ֮⣬Ҳûбֶˡ
һ֮Ҳܿʶˣûа취⿪ƷķӡƷµӡֱжȻܹڱʱؼӹ̣ܹһԻƣĻԽҪƽֻ÷ӡԽȹ̣ĶӸܿࡣ
Ҳûа취ֻƷͷ
ϾҲ򲻹ƷͷĻһҪսǰˣ
ԭˣ
Ʒһ˲ˣ漴˵Ȼˣأ
սǰϰƷɿڣʱϲ⣬Ǵ򲻹ƷȫԽڵĹǺ
⼸ɱжôĵùˡ
Ͼ͵ˣȥ׼ʦǸˣ


1248 ˵ĻȻ
սǰϰ˵
Ʒһ˵أ
һҪɱȻͷҪĻҲֱȥͶصĻҲԷһ
Ʒɿڵ˼սǰϰʱһ˵ǳƷͣǲ
Ʒ֮ս˵֮ˣɴܣϷ꣡
ʰ˳Ʒȴܹǳ˫˺ͽ˼Ҳսǰ¶һ
ڳƷսǰϰ˵ĹһƬѻȸ˶ǳ±ɵһ
ȻսǰϰѹúܵͣǲǴܣڳˣÿһ赸֣Ȼÿ˶ͨĸ֣ǽֻǺġ
սǰϰĻҲǵĶУʱͬһź˵ըһը߻ء
ûĻӦǳнɽׯׯ͡
κǺպĽ
κû˵͵˻УЩͷû˵͵ģȴһûУЩ̵ǣڴκУЩǾǲġ
УнɽׯȻǰеһҲ֮кպĴڣʵϣܹ֮еǶǾǲĴڡ
У;պյĴڣ
ٴǣֻж䶯ǿǰ벽ĸ֣ڴκĬϵĹ֮Уְ벽ĸ֣ĬϿԺ͹үƽƽĴڡ
ѰУѾǴź򣬰ײ£˾ͽҵսǰˣ͵ǰһΡ
ᵽ͵֣㹻˵սľˡ
ĴȴȻҪƷ
Ƕ֪ƷǺսǰǿЦĻֻ̾ͻΪѹڿЦɡ
;ȻҪƷһǰҪͨսǰһҪ׼óƷ
˾ֻһָо綼ôˣôã˲˼飬ֱڿЦһ
˶ɵˣǵվţģʱǵȴǿ
һ¶ƿ֮еĸо
ͣҫڸо˼֮󣬼̾뵽ʲôһͷͬĻԺ֮СǰͼٴʦͳһصĸǴһս֮ȴǱӴܶȥ
ӵϢ֮ҲǸоޱ𾪣оȻǿĸ֣
̾ȥˣ
ֻǺһź̽ҲûиҿʸΧԶԶĿţ֪ƷǸǴ֡
̾ˣǸصĸ֣òǳƷɣ
룬ҲֻӲܽ͵ͨˡ
ƷǸظֵĻôһйһĽˡ
Ʒ͸ǱӴܣΪԼĶӲòƷͷ
Ȼǿײ£˾ͽҵǰսǰЩӦͨǰ֪˳Ʒ顣
ôһ룬֮ǰе鶼ˡ
ѹЩһһĸˣ֮ǰô붼벻ףжˡ
ƷȻһ벽ǿߣѹ֮ǰĻԳƷʱ򣬼ֱǲһͲǶ֡
벽֮ͨĲǺģ
Ϊ˰ͽһ벽ǿߣ˵ͨˣԳƷ˵δ뵤ĸǼߵġ
Ϊһĸ֣ǴκĻʵ۶û취ģֶ־൱һ
뵽֮вɵû뵽֮ǰǸƻԭƷǸƻֻǿп޵Ĵڡ
ڳƷչֳ˾˵ʵһоͲͬˣ
ļƻпԣ
ڳҫĵ׷ʱ˶ɵˣҲ֪Ŀײ£֮⣬˴ʱҲ׹ˣƷǰʢǸصİ벽ĸ֡
ٿͣʱ˶һֻ˹ȥ˵ĸоͳƷ͸ʺһ
Ȼ֪˳ƷݣϾҲڳǳȴͷһ֪
ˣΪʲôƷź֮λȫǲмһˣʵֻҪͶκκԲϧһ֮λ
ΪͳƷֻǲеѣֹе󣬸֮ûκοɱԡ
ϵ͵ϵпɱô


1249 ;˵
֮ǰԼͳƷȣǸʱƷҲÿЦɣ
ڣûκƷȽϵ˼ˣ˫ͲһϵĴڡ
ӥ͵ϵϣͬһײĴڣ
ʱЩңͶƷ磬ȻҲͳʢ޽ӣĹǺ
һ̫Ҳ죬Ҳ뵽˳Ʒݣֻû뵽ƷȻܹ
ڳƷӡͣһǮǸʱ򣬳ƷҪǱжôǱҲûκηʵûıӻƷڳȥ
û뵽ֻǹһѣƷȻͱˡ
룬Ʒȷʵ̫̫಻ĵطͳҫǲģȫǲͼʲôӡ
νգƷԽûκô˿Խиɻ
֮ǰǳƷûʵᣬԲŻգڿƷᣬǸмᡣ
һе࣡
漴֮󣬶ʱָоޱȵԺô˵úӶǴǳ߳ȥġ
ֳһƬһļžνţ
˶ס˺Ʒ֮󣬲ͬը˹һ׷ˡ
ҸղûɣƷȻнɽׯׯƵĵͷˣ
;ȻͷǸֱ̫ˣ
ǳƷصʵôѹܹóöٵˣ
Ʒʲô·ʲôʦŽ̵ģȻ˿º˵á
˾һը˹һ֮оͺһͷڶ
ÿΪԼѾƷʱ򣬳Ʒʵݺݴǵ棬ǣԶأƷܹôģ
ƷʵȻԶԶǵ󣬰벽ĴڣĿǺˡ
ѹһ㶼ٵ¶ˣԭĵƣ˸Ҵ⣬ֻǾѰ·ˣ
벽ĸ֣ôᣬδ϶ܹ뵤˭һδǱ޵Ĵأ
ˣΪʲôЩΪʲôһ𽵹ˣԭΪ𽵹ڿӣѹȵģ
Ǵʱŷѹ͸˷Щ˸𽵹Ʒӣȵġ
ʱһУǾʲôˡ
۹ֶһ˶ڵȴֳɲ
ƽһ벽ĸֶܹĵģοһ벽ĸǺεȳ档
ҲûǾõȣܿ죬С˱нɽׯׯ
ʱȺһɧȻ׼濴һĻ˻ޱȵĸп;ȻǰǸˡ
˵Ŀ⿴ȥȴһŻӴ˽ȫķâһѰƺҲûʲôֱ
˶ףһʾãҲһʾ
ǶƢޱȱͣȻô͵ǰˡ
˵Ŀⶼ䵽͵ϣͻڣЩĿлɻ󣬲⣬ЩֻģƽʱЩ˳˱ӵҲԼֱ
ȴòߵ˳Ʒǰ˵ͼʦ
ţ
Ʒ˵ͷ
Ʒ벻ӣģԷһСƨѣȻôţȻʵʵĴ򲻹Ʒֻˡ
ȴ֪˵ǰ벽ˣƷ׹һ벽ǰţǲѰ·ô
ΪѾ˳Ʒеĵƣⲻ֪ǲǱɽһǶѡ
ϴζлʦһ·;Ϲ˵
һƬȻ͹ȻĵǸˡ
ƷЩĿͣ;ȻܹµóǳƷŹһ·
֪ͺã
Ʒ˵
˴ʱѾԳƷ̬ȫľˣƺ԰벽ĸ־͸һѰͨҲûʲôֱ
Ϊϴξ˳ʦһݣ˵ʦչôһݣǡ֪һݵ䣬ؽΪʦ֪ɻ⣿
һһ곤žƬɫҶӵľ֮ϡ
ƷǰһһһҪƵľ굤ҩ
ƣѰѾˣǵҩɣ굤ǺųֻҪһڣܹȻǶԾЧ


1250 źĻںޣΣ
ҲǳƷһֱѰҵģֻκξݵ̫ˣƷһֱҶûܹҵ
;ȻһҩݣǿֱֲڳƷıҩɽϵģʱƷǾͿԴԴϵˡ
ȻҪڳƷ޷ɽͼĿռ䣬ĻҩԼöչ
Լٵǿռ䣬ֻǿռ䲻ܺɽͼĿռȣҪСĶˣҲûɽͼĸС
ôôһľݣƷȫԽݵƾ굤ȫˡ
֮ǰҲ˽ˣôһݵļ۸񲻷ƣҲҪƷʯϣҪǣҩݲҡ
ĻΪ̣֮ʢ֮أ̵ֵֿĵطɲңԾҲһֱҡ
ҪҵĻҲҪһʱģ
ˣֱʡȥ˳Ʒµʱ䣡
Ʒӹҩģɨһ飬ȷûʲô֮ķԼٳǿռ֮УĳѾܵˣѵģȻˣҲ㣡
˵꣬ƷָһӣһӳƷ֮з˳ֱӷɵ͵ǰ
ԼķӡɺϵķӡûӡǴ򲻿ģһЩӡȻͻᱻ򿪣Ʒ
ӡɺķӡڻʼսϼصطڳŴ֮УҲϵط̶ȿ֪
ͬʱ֮ҲӹɣѰܹÿģûĸǿƿûϷ
⻹ǳƷʱԲָ۷壬µķӡǵҲƲ
лʦлʦ
л˵ҲΧֵĿ⣬˵ҲûʲôȶӸҪˡ
ʱڵĹǺ󻹺ϵĵͷĻ黹֪Ҫڵʲôزء
Ʒ鵭ȻҲޱȵļϵƻָһˣڿ˻ָĿˡ
һָ۳ң
˿һĻޱȸпȷԼῴˣΪԼһٵˣ˵бޱȵͣôܾӵ˵
ֱǳԴҩһ
ȴףǳԴҩҲǳƷȽʹķˣ;ͨòģԲŻڳƷǰͷ
£˾ͽҵҫսǰ˶̵ʶˣֻ´ӽ쿪ʼǵĸҪʼ޴ĸıˡ
ôһֲİ벽ֵĴڣڴǵӰӹɣźұôһĸ֣δ𼸺Ǻʵģûа취赲ġ
ƷԸͳʲô̫Ĺϸ𣬵ֻҪǴӳҳģڳ˵Īĺô
ֻƤ죬ҲѰĺô
ƷҲźĺôֻҪӰԼһоͶǿġ
ҫƣǿˣƷԸǳйĹϸ𣬵һǰɲǸʱƷǵʱܹעһЩƷƷΪӵĻôڵͻȫͬˡ
źӭԳź֮Ի͵ʱ̣źҪӻԻ͡
ϾźҲͨ۷壬ڵĳƷһأ˵Ʒδǰ;
Ϊ˵֣ôҼֱ˵塣
ȻҲֻ룬֪ǸܵģǸʱƷûбֳһ˿һ죬ԴˣŻƷΪӡ
Ȼ֪ӣ뵽ǾޱȵĿϧԻʹֿɼǰ
Ȼûкúϧȵʧȥʱ򣬲źĪ
ˣȻ˶ѾˣôͿʼɣ𾪵Ĳ֪ô˵ʱȻع̫˵
ȻڳиĶǽ磬Ȼ
˶׷׻ع׷׼磬ǴʱŷӦᶼûʼأֻòˣ췢ɱ籾ˡ
ֻϢһǶҪ׺䶯ˣ
ؾʱͻȻڳֶһӴλڵһվ׷׾Ŀ֮С
ƷҲ⣬練Ӧģ
ȴ֮ϣ֪ʲôʱѾһ㵭ɫĽ磬罫źֽС


1251 ֣Ȫڣ
ͻ
˶һڳĿкܶͨĸ֣Щֶı仯ΪУͻĵһʱ䣬Ǿһӷӳ˹
ǻûзӦʲô飬ЩɵۣΪѹҲû뵽ź֮УȻΣա
Ǵǣκ̫ǱڣȻǱȲϵ۶ͬǸƣ޷Щݽɫڴ֮Ҳҷ
Ҫ⣬Ҳǵ⣬ź
һȦˣû뵽ҲΣգ˾Ȼҵ쵽ź
ǻϻعжôĲ˼飬վǷˡ
ʲôˣźң
ҫһȣ˷˸߿ա
ǻ˵ȴһֻƾճ֣Ȼ˳ҫϡ
أ
ҫһƺߣ˵˳ȥݺ䵽˵ϣݺײһӡ
˵˳ҫɵ÷׷׵һʱĳҫȫѪؿڶһ޴ӡǱղһָֻеĽ
Ҷ
ֱ̫һʹڵ˳ҫԱߣ
ʱҵҲһƬȻȫһӻˣ֪Ҫô졣
ײ£˾ͽҵսǰҲһǶǶ֣ʱȫͷ˳
ҫʵȻ̸ϾҲԲȴȻһĳˣʵֱ¡
ǵĻֻҲòȥ
ǶʱҲˣжֵˣҲͨ۷壬ǰ벽ĸ֣
˵Ļôͼˣ
ûд㹻ĸ֣ΪҲûʲôΣգȻƫƫΣˣ
Щ˶Ŀ⿴˳ƷʱƺܹˣҲֻгƷˣ
ȴƷӦܿ죬һѾ˳ҫԱߣһһ˵ĵҩѾι˳ҫĿС
ʱҫɫ̺תˣǿ˵ѪҲʼֱӽ裬ȻؿڵǸӡҲ𽥵ʧ
˵ҩ
ײʶˣһĻɵþ˵֪˵ҩҫƼҪҽζҪܳʱ䣬û뵽ƷȻֻһö˵ҩһסƣʼϵĻָС
ʱȻǿЩʱ
ȶס˳ҫ֮󣬳Ʒ֮ϣѣΪʲôһأͷ¶βɲʲôϰߣ
˳ųƷĿ⿴ȥȴһӰڳƷĿ֮Σĸ˳
һµĺ׷ͯյߣ׷ͯյϴżЦ˵Ŀ֮£Ҳû˿Ķݡ
ֻЦſˣ˵һ磬һҪɥˣ
ֻû뵽Ȼܹٵֱ̫ˣʱתأ
߹ЦѹҲûн˷Щ˶һҲѹûκҪעĵط
ֻǾԼ̫ˣ˯˾ͷȻٵ˵еĶĴڣһöͿٶʮ꣬ѾǶٵˡ
ʱԵõȵӳ˵ϣͻƵ˵еǸҲһ
漴Ŀֿ˳Ʒ˵û뵽ܹҵĲڣе۹⣡
ƾֵӵɣҪôƷЦһ漴һ˵ȻˣΪʲô浱ҿô
һֻоޱȵ𺳣Ҫ֪ǿһ㶼ûв˵ĴڣȻʱǶǹųƷġ
Ƿ׷˳ųƷĿ⿴˹ȥȻһµĹ߻˹
ʱԭһĬĳнɽׯׯͻȻһ뵽ʲô֮¶˼־ֵɫ
ܵģôṥ
֪ʲô·ôƷ͵ӣµ϶֪ʲôǾֱӿʵ
ûв´ĻӦȪڵĺڰ׶ʹһ˵ֻоôôùƷõԼӵİ취
˭֪Ȼ飬뵽˵Ŀֲ˵˶оˡ
Ȫڣڳ󲿷˶һ±Ƶӣ֪һʲôţΨаͻȻһ뵽ʲô
ȪڣôǻȪڣһʧɫ˵Ȫôܻƹߣ


1252 Ȫڣڰ׶ʹĿֲ˵
һ뵽ʲôͻȻ
˵Ŀⶼת˰ϡ
һ˵ȪħţڴκУǲ֪ҲȪǱʺ֮еһţ
󲿷˶еɵۣ֪Ȫھʲôʺʲô
ΨпײµɫˣǶڽʺٻ֪һЩģȻֻǵ;˵ҲѾˡ
һһӶû뿪κֻôκԱΪˣЩ߲㾫Ӣȴ֪κֻµһǶѡ
ڱһǿĹңΪʺǱ彨һǿ󺹹
ڴκ֮ʱͽʺֹʱֻԽʺһ򻧣õʱĴκޣЩֱӸ
ȻʱκԾٹ֮Ǹ򻧣ʺҲûг˵֮С
˴󲿷˶Ѿȫ˵飬ʱѾȥôãרʷˣǵá
ЩȴһΪκľӢ͸߲㣬Ȼܹ֪ܶѰ˸֪顣
ʺ֮һ
ΪһֵľȨھʵȨɣȻףڴκıôһǿ֮Ĵڡ
Ȫʺ֮еһǿţڴκ֮Уͨǲ֪ģͲͬĳнɽׯʵҲǽڱȽϿ߾ĵطǱ֪ҲԶѰҪĶˡ
Ϊˣ˵ʱɫһӾͱˡ
ڴκ͢ıԴκ߾Ȼ죬ǹȴƽȣЩڿŶŹȪںڰ׶ʹ
Ȫڵĺڰ׶ʹţ˳߲ȷѪ꣬û˸ҶԿǵıǻȪȻ
ʹʱҲûв˽һЩȪںڰ׶ʹĴŸˣΪȷڰ׶ʹǳ˭ģڿǳųģܾǳųƷġ
ϹƢͽһɱˣҲǷǳпܵģҲǷϼһ·
ʱѡˣϹۣϼһǾˡ
֪ԼƢҲֻƢ꣬ʵǽЩģȻһûʲôԵ߼鲻þͿˣһ¾Ȯ
˴ʱֻоð亹ˣȻֲֿĴڣﻹ֮ǰϷ뷨˵ϼһ·ֻǽ˭ܡ
û뵽ڴκУô˽
Ǹ߹Ц
һķϣҾʹһˣ˵ǲǰͣ
ֱӽԼֻ֣ú˲䱻亹ʪ˵֪ԼԲǶ֡
Ȼ֮Уڰ׶ʹҲֻǰ벽Ϊϼһ벽һꡣ
Ȼ֪Ϊʲôԭһֱûܹ뵤ʵջֱ£Ѱ벽ǼֱҪ֮ء
ʵϣ֪ĸ֣Ͳа벽Ĵڣйӵļ¼
ַ׷ɱǣ޼գ֪ж
ڰ׶ʹ޹أӦòҵģϳ룡һڲٶûУֱתͷҪ·
˶ʱ󼱣Ϲ֮ʢǸûʤ㣬ֵָܹһȵĸǰ֧Ԯ
˭֪͸ûһǰ˼ֱӾͽ˸ˣתͷҪǡ
ͣǿôȻ֪ϷǾӦ֪ϷֶΣǸ߹Цһ漴Ŀͣ˵κôĵӣȻɱҵĵӣҾҪΪҵĵӱһߣҪɥ磬ͳͳҪ
˶ˣԭڰ׶ʹΪ˱Ǻʹ˵ɱĵӣѹðգ뵽˴κɱˡ
ǽˣ
ֲɱģΪʲôҪɱңʱܲסǿѹɵôһ˵
ȷʵɱģ˭мأǸʹЦһ˵ǳƷƷɱҵӣˣ
ɣһϷƷֻҪɱҷŹʮ֮һˣΣ
ǸʹζĿųƷϴżϷŰ飬ųƷ飬·ڿһˡ


1253 һǧ
ʹĻе˶һɧߵϣܹоĿֲϢֿܹ˵ġ
˵ģ޷죬䣬ţֱ¼ˣǶ϶ûġ
ڣȴ˵ֻҪƷɱ֮оʮ֮һ˿ԱŹ
ʱ˶ʼ궯Ȼֻʮ֮һĻᣬҲùһᶼûС
ѹ֮£˳ªͶ¶˳
ƷⱾ㺦ģǳģǣ㻹ʲô˵ģ
ҪĻҲ֣֮
ƷֻҪһˣ˶ܹþȣˣСҲﰡ
ʱָ֮ųƷ
Ʒ¶˼ĮЦݣԵĳªǼĶˣЩ˻оġ
ڰ׶ʹû˵ҪŹǣڰ׶ʹã֮еʮ֮һߣҲֻʮ֮һѡ
Ϊ˴ȥ伫ʣͿֲĺڰ׶ʹƷҪ۸Ķˡ
ôҲûڰ׶ʹ׺ݡ
ǻ̫ˣƷ޺ӣֻڰ׶ʹɱˣûƷöࡣ
ڰ׶ʹҲ۸۸һЩ壬۸۸һЩţܺͳƷֲսȡ
սսϣƷɱ¾ĺպǿɱ¾ġ

Ǹ߿Щ̷ڧʱЦ֮гϷŰڿһȺСһ
˵ָ𣬳Ʒ޶ԣԱߵĳ̲סˣЩ˷ôǿǵǻŹǵôǾҲҪйһЩ
ЩָƷˣɫЩѿǲǲЩǸһ˿˿ĻᣬҲ
Ҳ˿Цʱ̫һһ˹ڰ׶ʹıŰľǿ
ʱҲź۳սĽɽһﳤĻ䡣
̫Ļ˶һЩֻºڰ׶ʹŹǣʱһЩ
һĻǸʹ˵̫ţҿ
أɲǼ䣬ǺʹֱӶˣһֻƾղһֻצһֱӳ̫ץ˹ȥ
̫Ϸ뷨׻ΪС
̫۾֪һڽӡ
Ȼڰ׶ʹǳųƷģһ仰ûָƷ
ͣ
һֻצץ̫ʱһâնֱӽһֻצն
أ
צֱӵ䵽˵ϣȻʧ١
˶һ񣬿ȥȴǱˣǳƷˡ
ƷһָָΪͽһֻצն
ǲҪɱôҵ뿴ϼһﵽʲôֶΣ
Ʒһһ֮ϡ
ʲôƨȪںڰ׶ʹ˴ˣΪԼ޵ˣȻǹƥҴκҿѰ·ˣ
ֵѹƷη壬ֻĿǡ
˭˵ǵǹƥ
İʹЦһĴһӣʱ֮һҵĿռ䲨
žͳһһɫƷĻȪڵӣһ㣬˰֮С
ȻǧˣƬ֮䣬ѾźϷ
ʱһ󰧺Ǻڰ׶ʹѾû˿ϣˣ˵ֶǧȪڵĵӡ
ȻһλȪںڰ׶ʹбҪź¾ɱ⡣
ã
ƷЦŴһ
߸߾֣ʱɲǼ䣬ֱĽ·˿γһƬǹꪣʮ˰
ʱڰ׶ʹԭϷŰЦݣ˲ͱˣƷͻȻʵǿֲϢסź
һ˲䣬һƬ֮еֱӳǧȪڵĵϯ˹ȥ
ǧĻȪڵмȫ۷ǿڣг֮һͨĸ֡
ȪڵĻ̣ɴ˿ɼһ㡣
ЩڳƷǰûκβͬ쾳ҲãͨҲãûκ
ƷһжӲ
ǧȪڵĵӣͳͳձһӺ䱬
һ˵ʵһ˲ѣһеѾˡ
ǧȪڵӻչɱ¾ѾͳͳƷնɱѪ


1254 һȭһţѪ
ǧȪڵĵӣ֮Ѿȫ˳Ʒϣ
˭ҲûϵƷȻһԲϾͿʼŴУһǻصʽ
˶סˣǻȪڵĺڰ׶ʹͬǰ벽ĸ֣Ҳסˡ
ʵϣÿһ˶óȺսģǺڰ׶ʹҲܹóƷǿƵʽĻҲ͸ҪǧȪڵĵӡ
֮ЩȪڵĵӣΪûʵնɱҪٵʱ䡣
ȵĸַӦˣǴκĹٷֲǣǾ鷳ˡ
ټĴǵȻһֶûУͬҳƷ鷳Щڴκ˵ʵʵˡ
˵һĴڡ
ǲҪȡʱѣ
ǳƷȴͬ־ͺͬһĹеֶɵõһֻһ֣Ĳ˵ƷĹ֮ȷʵ
ͷôһУȴƷĺ˿ļ֮ȻһУ˵Ĳ
ĻȪڣҲˣһ
ƷЦһ
ڰ׶ʹͨ죬ԭǽҸϵ˵һɱ¾֮ǰ΢Ūһѡ
˭֪Ȼһӷҧһڡ
ǧȪڵľӢпɲǿͨĸ֣ܹ˵ģȻ˵ĸ£Ȼȫ˳Ʒϣʧ֮ͷѪ

ڰ׶ʹǳ˵Ʒ֮гɱ⡣
ɱͽܣɱǧȪڵӣˣ
ʹһȳųƷˡ
֣
ʹֱ֣̽ɲǼ䣬һִһ㣬˲
һ˲䣬ؼͷ·̫̫˲ֱӳųƷ

̫⾳ͬ£·ܹضһ
СҲǰŪ
Ʒһֱһȭ⾳̫վͱƷ˸顣
ֱӱ¶˺ʹһֻ֣һֻ֣ԾһͷųĿֲѹ
·ͼҪ·ˣܹоһֶֻԼѹüֱ¡
ȻͬΪ벽ܹоԼĹϼһ֮䣬ԵĲࡣ
ϼһֻʸ̤㵤һСˣԼȻҲǰ벽ȴ봥Ǹż硣
Ტۣ
ƿ˺ʹ⾳ǺʹĹȥƲɲǼ䣬Ѿ˳Ʒĸǰˡ

ʹһֺֻݺ䵽˳Ʒϵʱȴһһ
Ʒ˿ʹϷŰЦҲʼˣһȷȷʵʵĺ䵽˳ƷϣȴûӦá
ڸʲôôƷЦһ
ʹʱã׼ˣȴղŶûʲôĳƷһӶˣֱͬһ˹򵥵һ˹ȴúʹһָ޷ĸо
ۿųƷһƣǴ͸˿ռһĵԼĸǰʹһæһֺɨ
ƷǼ򵥵һûκζĶƾֻʲôʽͳͳҸ飬ɲǼѾһĵ˺ʹǰ
䣡
Ʒһƺֱײһ𣬶ʱһɿֲĿϯ˿ֻֻ⾳ֱӱƷķ飬Ȼɢ˿
⣡
֮УʹˣǱƷһȭģҪֱ˳źķΧͣһһףòײڰͷĿֲѪ
һƲûнѪը
ʹ֮־飬ҪûоӲǺԱܷâôѪҪˡ
ô˵Ϊܵز
ݺһʲôĸûмƫƫûмƷôֲĴڣ͵ĸָǲ
ˣ
Ʒ΢΢һЦɲǼ䣬ѾɱȥֱӱƵ˺ʹǰȻ˾ֻƷǳѧһǼ򵥵ĳȭ߳ţʮּ򵥵Ķ
ͨĸֵĽ֣ȴĸֽӣ
ֱͨϾ˵зڳƷʩչǾֲ
û˸СƷַֻǼ򵥵ͽʹƵǽϣûѪˡ


1255 
˿ķƷȷʵֻǼ򵥵书ѣȴϷӳĪ
˵һξΪʲôһеĻֻ֮ǰûʶ޵˼ǺεȵĿֲ
ֻԪɷһѣƳƷ㣬ոһյļִģֱǷëǣûС
һѧɣ֮󣬸
Ʒʽ򵥣ֻǼ򵥵ĳȭ߳ţȴĪһŶһɽ壬֪жôĿֲ
ʹСֻȫԸӲѾ㹻ѪˣܹĹκβóƷ
෴ģֻҪóƷһȭش
һ˵ʵֻǶ̶ʱѣ֮ǰˣ˱Ͼ·ĺʹƵǽǡ
ƷܱҵϣҲ԰ˣ
ʹȻҲ࣬˫Ȼһˣĺ˲˿γһȦһȦĹΣȻܹƷȭԿƷش
һɫĹ֮󣬺ʹҲղǰ㱻ˣȻҺͳƷ׺ݵĴԹˡ
ɫĹ½ɫĹźɺҹʹڰ֮еߡ
һۺĹҲʱȫͷ˳˵ԽԽǿ
Ʒ㲻ҵĶֵģ
ʹЦЦ³˰Ե
ƷۿźʹȻóʹϵĹ£һпǳԽͨķֱӴﵽ˵ġ
ͨõıзڷ֮ϵľǵõͷͬѾͨ飬ܹ֣Īܡ
ʮֺǵĸҲδܹһΪҪƳҪʮĲϣʮֵѡ
һЩΪһĵﶼûı
û뵽ʹϾȻһ£ɱѰҪټһЩ
ѹֺڰ׶ʹݺ⣬ܹӵѣȻˢӵġ
֣
ʹЦֱٶȳųƷһһµļӳ֮£һеܾȻ
ˣƷˣ
ʱѾңڰ׶ʹֲ̫ˣԭѾԶԶԼҪǿˣڴһɫı£ܴù
ǿйںʹͳͳữΪУܶԺʹκ˺
ΪˣʹŶͲмһˣҪɱͣ¡
ͬǰ벽ʵȴر
СзΪܹҿ⣡
ʱƷ˿ڰ׶ʹڰ벽֮ҲԺյĴڣȻƷӿֲ¾벽Էˮһļ򵥡
ʹΪһ¾ܹ֮Կʵ̫ˡ
ƷһϢף˫̤̤ǬֱӷȭǺɨ˳ȥ
䣡
һΣ˫ֲĹٶȺɨһ֮ǰѹźʹĳƷһξȻʹѷ֣ѷʤ
Ѿʮ־ˡ
ʹһɣٶϯ˹Ķ죬˺ҹյһ㣬ûԤ⡣
ƷŲæ־͵˺ʹ
ʱ˶ѷֱ֣ѷָһ
ƷΪ޵У֪ôгӵĿֲģʹȻƷǴ֮ȴƷ࿹⡣
һʱ䣬ѷʤ
˸˶û뵽Σʱ̣ƷȻֲս
͵˵һֿ֮˶֪˺ڰ׶ʹĿֲǿݺô꣬ûбɱĿֲڡ
ǳƷȻһ֮ͺʹѷ֣ںʹó֮ǰȻ޷κε˳Ʒ
Ǻεȿֲ
ڰ׶ʹһ꣬ƷŶʮ꣬˵ʮ֮һ͡
˸ޱ𾪣ƷĲܹزġ
Ǽˣ˻Ǹоʤ㣬Ʒ൲סһʹѣһߣһ֪ǳֻҲȺʹҪİʹ
ź»ڽӡ
˵Ŀⶼͣϣ벽ĸվ˭֪ͱ˿Ĳûƿڴ֮֡
Ҫܴùվˣ
ǰʹĶֺòãͬǰ벽Ϊȴ
ʱʹ緢ע⵽ʱţʱһϰף㻹ʲôסһ㽫ǶˣָɵƷˣǵʱ䲻ˣ


1256 ͬɥ֮Ȯĺʹ
ʹʹôһѣͻȻˣǵʱɲˡ
ȵǵĸַ˲֮ǾͿܱסǵʱɾ鷳ˡ
ԴԴϵĴκĸ־Ȼ׷ɱ
Ȼ£Ҳ֪жô鷳
һ˵ĸ֣ǲ鷳
Ȼڵֵļ¼ȴҲףǶˣʵϣǻǲܻܵĸ֣ԱǺ
ھΪȲʤȯҲδ˵̫˰ɣ
ںʹΪԼȫסƷʱ򣬳ƷѾʼˣ֮ͬǰֻȭŹһΣ⾳Ҳȫͷ˿
γһ޴ޱȵĽɫޣ
ˣ
ʹʱһ֮ǰαƷǱӴˣָоɲá
֪Ʒˣ
ʱҲɵð˼ϣƷȫֵĻǻϣģ
Ͼô֮ǰƷûȫֹء
˵Ĺ򣬳ƷѾźʹѹ˹ȥЯ֮ƣֻǼ򵥵һȭȻͽպը˿
ֲȭѹѹֱӳźʹȥ
ʹɫˣƷ⾳˳ͷ֮ǰĲ²һԵĴΪƷѾ߾ȫˡ
ȻڲǳƷȫʱ
ܣ
ʹֱţƷδȫѾܺĲ£һȫǵصѹһĵһ
ĸоʵҲûдְ벽ͬƷĿǸ֮Уֻڲ۷ѣѹڣֻƽﻹûܹƵ϶ѡ
ʹһȫķڣ޾ĺڹֱϯ𣬰ٶȺֻһɻԵֱӳųƷϯȥҪƷɣ
зڳƷⰢȭǰʲôֱӽĹķ顣
ͺʹҧгݵĲͬƷֻƵľѹס˺ʹеķ
ÿֲ
ûпɣǳƷʵô
òѾǵĸ˰ɣ
ﰡǹﰡ
ʱźµֶĿɿڴǸҽӽֻҶԶԶģ׷׳һĽ磬ź֮беĽ磬ܹ
ҰսĻ˵ս㹻һƬΪޡ
ͨĸֻ˵˰벽ĸεĿֲȴûм
һν
ѹְ벽ĸֻһˣӵĸ֣ȷʵģ
˵Դ֮ǰƷ֮һֱҪںͳƷдһ£һ֪ĳƷٷ֮һûóѾǡ
˫ͬն
˸пʱȴƷһȭ˺ʹеķ֮ѹȥȻĴֱƾղ˳һֺֻѰֲһ۶ɵġ
ȻȫǸָķȻǾͿ˳ƷĴ־Ȼһץ˺ʹϣһ¾ȻƷһһץ˳ʱѪ罦
ΪѾͺʹıΪһˣȫƷһһץ˳
˿ĵһƷȻҪºͺʹץ
Ͷ쿴ɵˣͬΪ벽ĸ֣ףжôĿֲĻز
ֻйȫѹˣѹƵĺʹãܹǿн¸
ֻ»ᷴʹѹƵĲܶĶһѰܹͨѹԵơ
ͬĸ֣붼롣
ʱԺֻ֮ʣһͷ
ѵһô
ôôֲ
ͣźϵ˶Ϣȥ֮ǰǶ֪ƷǿϾܹһսʹͬɥ֮Ȯһ㣬ƵŵͷǸ
Ҳ̫ǿˣǿĳ˵ϡ
ܣҵı£ôܣ
ʹһǿ²ܴӵģˣôӵ
ȻڣԳƷʱȴԵֻҪĸӿֲһЩ
оԼȫʧǱնµϵһһ֮г
ָоΪֲ
·֮һ㡣
ϰףң
ʱ򣬺ʹһһ˵ʵ򲻹Ƭ֮䣬ϵһ¾ѾƷ˳ѪѾһѪһˣﻹиղݵӡ


1257 ҹ£ʵ
ʹϵķƷһһץ˳ֱǴѪ֮ץһѪ
ƷһץУ˿һĻû˹ȥ
Ʒսʵֱ̫ˣǸպգ֮ɱĺʹڳƷǰȻ˲һ
ȻƷ¸ץ˳˭ʤ˭Ѿˡ
û£ʹʱûа취֮ǰӣһһź¶սս
֮󣬳ƷԼ̽УƬ̼Ĺ򣬾Ѿһˡ
ͬʱҲѾ˽һµһˣһԭǽкҹ£һı£޵Уܹγɹ󹥻
ܹԭеĻϣﵽɵĵز
СֻɶѣҪ֪벽ǵֳ֣֮ǿһɣʮֿµˡ
˵ˣ
ʹʵΪҹ£ؼķҲʮֵľˣƾƷ֣Ҳûܻһҹ¾Ϳ֪ˡ
ȻҪΪƷҲ۷壡
Ȼһҹµ̶Ȼö˵ʲôںʹ鰵ͶڳƷϲĿ¡
ƷԭѾܿˣɵǲĿ£
ܣ
ʹ̾͸оˣƷԼͺҹµϵжˡ
ҪһѪˣΪ˼ҹ£㻨ʱ䣬ճɹ
ƷӾͽԪĨȥˣĿ๦һ
ƷƿһּΪ˵õļַܹɽֲִڵַĨˡ
ڻʼս֮еַӸϣͲǺʹܹȵϵģ
һȷʵʵ鰵Ͷˣ
ƷЦһ
ʹ֮˼־ֵ飬ƷֻĿźʹ˵ǿһѣûʲô
˵ţƷѾˣźʹķȥֻǼ򵥵ָΪȻһֲĽâƾղˣ֮иһУ͵һӳźʹķն
ɨĵط˿µֱӳźʹķѹ˹
ڳƷһʹնʱأһ׹Ѹײڶ֮ƣֱӾͽʹˡ
һзڵʯ֮䣬˶û뵽ʱ򣬺ʹѾ˸ˡ
ǶһȴȻǰʹڹؼʱ̽ʹˡ
ʹһ־δĸо
ٲ֣Ҿˣʹһ˵ƺԸղŰʹԹڱԼŭ
ʹҲû˵ɫΪأųƷƷ̫ˣںʹʵǳ˽⣬ȻףԼҲܾܺʹ
ȻôǿĺʹڳƷǰȴ˵ĲһƬ֮䣬Ѿˣ
ƷĻô˾ͻˡ
ҲֻˣǵҪˣܹʹźʹ˵
ʹҲֻصĵ˵ͷ
ƷҲûгʤ׷˼Ҳǳʱ䣬ٵҹ£ܿ죬һҹ¾һһ˳Ʒ֮УƷѪΪһ塣
Խҹ£ƷԽǸоںʹУֱ̫˷ˡ
ʹûа취ӳ㹻ֻǰ벽ߣľԡ
ƷͬŻʼսĳŴɵ䣬ΪսʵʵĽͺʹĴڡ
ʹʹ໥һۣͬʱĬıǿƣƬ֮䣬Ѿױ˿
ʹϺɫķ죬ʹϵİɫҫ۵Ĵһ㡣
ڰַȻƾںϵһγһźڰɫľˡ
ȫʹͰʹںϵһ𣬱Զʤղźʹ˺ҹ֮Ϣ
ʵôͿһĻûɵˣֻһ˾޷ԿĴڣ˵ڣ֣о˾ĸо
ͣź˶о˾ں֮󣬱˾ʵĺڰ׶ʹƷܹ˵Ķô
ƷǲŲæֻĿڰ׾ˡ
ѹ׵ֶôƷ˵㣡

Ǹڰ׾֮д˺ڰ׶ʹŭʮ׸ߵľһӾͶˣ˫ֻһ޴ӡݺݳųƷ


1258 ץ
޴Ĵӡ֮ռ䶼ˣ֮ҲֻлҰɫֱӻһһ˲Ѿ䵽˳Ʒϡ
ʱ򣬳ƷϴһХŴ֮һɫĳһС
ӡֱӾҵһɫϣֲԽһɽĴӡȴȻ˿κβһɫ
˵ںɫ֮еĳƷˡ
ôܣ
ڰ׾֮Уʹɴ۾ڰ׾Ͱʹֵĺϻ֮ܶǰ˻ûӵΪһ֮УõһС
оϻ֮ЩҲϻ֪֮˶ǿУٴ
ʲôǿУֻҪϻܹ֮ɻԭ޷ܵǿС
ȻڳƷʧЧˣδ֣ϵĺҹ¾ѾǵĹ赲סˡ
˼ǣǳƷֽǵĹ赲סǿ˺ҹ£Ȼ֪ҹµռ̬
˺ҹô꣬ûܹҹµ̬ΪɵģټĹҲԶԶ
ǳƷĺҹ¶ãȻѾȫȫҹ¸ˣĲλҪߡ
һɣڰ׾˼ûκԥģٶȲϵֲĹһ˲ͬһ
Ʒһһֱ֮չƷ˲һԾϣ˲Ѿɱ˺ڰ׾˵ǰ
Ʒֱһȭ˳ȥγɵĿ񳱽Ǹڰ׾Ĵӡ˸飬ûһܹԳƷһǰв
Ʒһȭ˱˼ΪΣյϢ˸оϢһ˲ͺݺݺ䵽˺ڰ׾˵ϡ
䣡
ڰ׾˵ϱƷȭ˺ѿһ޴Ŀӣ˺ڰ׶ʹˡ
˵¶־飬ƷϢ̫ˣֱƿеĹ
ƷȻֱɱ˺ڰ׾˵֮Уֱ˵¶˼׺֮ɫ

ʱǰʹһȻһԾϣжһɫĳһڳϷһɫĹâϸһĻܹóЩɫĹâȻһķ
Щޱȣ۶ɣޱȷĸо
ֻһѣͽпΪֲ·һܹгһ㡣
ԣǰ
Ʒüͷһ壬̾ͷӦ˹ȻһеѹǻδȫΪ
־νİһԴҪôǼΪʱʧˣҪôǻδɵģŻְƷ״̬
ȻȻֻİƷǴƷ˵ȴѾǳԽ˷ˣĺãܶڵĸ֣в
ְȻֵϱȲʵҲǳѵãǰ벽ĸ֣ҲֻһӵС
ͣҲֻжΪѡ
ڰ׶ʹΪƵİ벽ĸ֣ԶѰ˵ͶȲϣһ֮⣬һķ
һֵԹġ
һɨƷһжˣȻǿᣬǴֻɵģְ񣬾ͱƿˡ
ۿҪն䵽ƷϵʱȴƷȻ̧֣Ȼֱӳһץȥ
㻹ͽץסҵĵڰ׶ʹЦǷ߶ϵķҪƷն롣
أһƷȻ־ץסһڰķ
ƷɢһɫĹǰķܹնƺȴ޷նƳƷķ
˵Ʒķҹ»ҪӾˡ
ȻȴƷ͵һץܹչصİȻ˵ǰһһı˿
ֱӾͻĹâɢɽ
ô
ʱʹϵڱˣ֮ǰǰɫ˺ʹ֮ǰ¶ľʲôԭˡƷ̫ǿˣǿǿϣ
־Ǹ˴ģ˻ûܹǴоء
оȽ
䣡
ƷûκͣЪһȭǺڰ׾һձˣڰ׶ʹҲǱ˳ȥһѪ˰֮С


1259 նɱڰ׶ʹ
ڰ׶ʹƷһȭˣѪ˳ȥ
ֻһȭѣͷųĺڰ׾ˣ޷ֵס֮˼˺µ顣
Ϊͷųĺڰ׾˲޽ӽڵĸ֣ļޡ
ڳƷһ֣ˢǵۣǲļޣеĻҲֻǳƷ
ڰ׶ʹƷӣֱҪһ߰Դӿ˰벽֮ѾûгԹôĿˣȴƷƵزɥ֮Ȯһ㡣
˼̣Ѿˣӣ
̾ͳŲͬķӴܶȥʱǷֿߣһĿԣһܵĻܹȡůʵϣǲѰ·ˣ
ƷߵķڣֻЦһ˲ͳźʹķ׷˹ȥ
Ʒ׷˺ʹķ򣬰ʹʱ¶˼Ц⣬Ȼͺʹ˶꣬Ǹóʱһ㶼û˲ͽʹˡ
ʹ˳Ʒ׷˹ʱֻоðֱתһƺһӡͼӳƷٶȡ
ȻƷǺεȵǿܹӵ˳ƷٶȣӡֱӱƷϵĺ赲޷һǰв
Ƭ̼䣬ƷѾ׷˺ʹֱһźݺݵļ̤ȥ
ʹ޷ֱֵӾͱ̤УֵĳƷεȿֲɲǼ䣬ͽʹ̤ķѣɲǼֱӱɱˡ
Ҳģ
ʹһҽУ쳹֮ϣǼ㲻ҲûκôѳһһģƷո̤ˡ
˲
һߣʹҲ˺ʹĲҽֻоðǰѾźıԵˣ֮ǰΪ˷ֹź֮ߣ˭֪ʱ򣬾ȻΪԼĴ
Ϊ֣Լûа취һʱ䴩͸ȥӡҪд͸ȥʱȴƷ֪ʲôʱ򣬾Ȼ׷
Ʒһ֮չٶȿ쵽˼£ɱ˺ʹ֮󣬻ܴ׷ϰʹ
ʹΪʹܹӳƷĽŲǲ档
Ҹƴˣ
ʹۿųƷȻֱ׷ѾϾʱɴ۾ֱӻһڷһӳųƷն
أ
һڴƷϵʱ򣬾ֱը˿ɢ
ƷжһƬƬǸղŰʹնһķһƬ
Ƭ͵һӻһ˵ĵâֱӺ˳ա
ʹأȫŶ飬ȴԴȻֱ˳ȥǰ벽ĸ֣Դɳȥһ·һ
Ȼһ˲䣬ʹԴһը˿ǳƷһָһ˲ͽʹԴˡ
һֱ׷źıԵڽʹնɱ
ˣĺڰ׶ʹѾͳͳ˳Ʒϡ
˶ɵˣһ׷ս˵ʵ򲻹Ƭ֮ĹѾˡ
֮ǰǿͬΪ벽ͶоϢĿֲڣȴڳƷϣľ͸ˡ
֮Уڰ׶ʹóĵƣֱһۻҵĸо
ǼˣڳƷϣǲһǵģȫȫǲһ
ͷβûԳƷʲôв
ź»ı˵˵Ǵ۽ˣǶڰ벽ĸҲֻţʵȴûм
˵ֱӿּĸֵĻ𱬴սˣ
һȫȫﳬֵĶо
ʵϣǸܿ
Ƕڰ벽ĸȷȷʵʵһѹֵεĸֻһˡ
벽ֻӵһЩܣǾѾ׳Խͨ
ǰ벽ĸôֻǰ벽ĸ־Ѿôֲˣôĵ֣޵аɣ
̫ˣǳƷǺڰ׶ʹսನҪûнػ¾Ѿ군ˣ
ڰ׶ʹҲˣһͲСˣµǳƷǿƷͲŶ󣬳ʮɣʮİ벽ҵ죬ǲ񻰴˵ʲô
񻰴˵еĸҲûôװɣ
ʱ˷˸Ǹоã֮ǰΪ涼ָƷ֮ǰǻûʲôƷҲˣΣ
˭֪ȫŤת˹ƷɴĽڰ׶ʹնɱ
ָƷȴѰ·ĸо
˶ʱоֱð亹һֵȴеĸо


1260 Ļನ
ǿЦ֮ǰΪ棬ָƷҪ˵ۣȳƷɱ
˭Ҳû뵽ڳƷȴܹˡ
֪һĻǿ¾ͲôƴָƷˡ
صʵô
ʱźҫϻмס飬֮ǰֻ֪ƷʵȻڲˣƷصʵģֻͨ۷ѡ
ǰ벽ĴڣԶԶԽѰ벽ǿߣҲš
ϾƷŲǶʮѣ֪ģͳƷһֻȥ˵ĸо
ããã
ֻ̫ǲסĵͷΪƷ˶ΪѾʱΪԼ˵ʱ򣬳ƷȻճ֮Ļɱ˺ڰ׶ʹ
˸ӵ˼ȣֻԺ
ȣҲֻͬоһ亹ͻȻԼʵ̫ˣҺԼվƷͷ
Ļڰ׶ʹ³ֻ¾³Ҳκεķֱ
֮ǰֻоƷǷŹһҲֻǲ²ѣȻڣˣ֮ǰĸоǶԵģƷȷʵŹһĻ˳Ʒˡ
ܻκĽ
뵽͸оޱȵˣʵڰ׶ʹ֮еκһ򲻹˳ƷĻĽֻ·һ
һֽٺĸоиޱȸп˸˵һ˲Ƕʮܹ꣬Ӿ춯صΪһһưǸ
浱ɵô
Ǹܷ飡
ڣǲܷͷˣ
Ʒ˶ݹ⣬˵˼ΪҵԵʣλܾˣ
֮ǰЩָɱЩ˳ƷûϾɱ˼ҲᣬЩ˼Ʒƺû׷˼ʱ׷æǰȡ
һʹ飬ָ֮ǰԼֱģŻӵľٶ
Ϊ˱ԼĻ⣬׷׶źģԭĻϣʮ
ƷŵͷʾŹǣǶЩǽͷһСʹɡ
ҫʱæ˿ʼʰսһǧ˱Ʒմ򱬣ź֮Ѫζ죬ֱһƬսһ
ЩҪɨĵط
Ѿֳô飬統ȻܼȥҲ׷ɢ뿪
ȥ۵ĻȻҲ벻ƷģƷΨһĻĽ㡣
˽ٺĸо֮⣬мִ۽ĸоĸֿǿزز
ʣЩ͵뿪һս̵ʱ֮ڴǣƷĴҲ޷ٱȥ
³Ʒֵٵ͵ֻڴǸУޱҫۡ
ûܹһǴǿߣʱҲٽƷһ
ʵΪʵǾһеΨһ׼
ֳӵʵ֮󣬳ƷȻٱӡ
Ʒ̫˵һӻ֮Ҫ׼ȥأһߵƷĽǰ˵үү룡
Ʒüͷ΢֪ʱźΪʲô
ϸǰźһ֮Уһ˲Խ룬ֻгƷ˽ȥ
ȻУźҫѾȴʱˡ
ү֪ʲô飿Ʒżɽֱ˵
źҫ¶˼ֿЦҲû뵽ǳ֮УȻһǽ֮£ֻⱲӶ֪㻹ı£
ƷЦЦÿɷȷʵ̫̫飬ԭĴ㣬ڻָʵ֮󣬾ҪȥģҲֵ̫ۣúźû̫ĹϸϢȥͺá
ϾҵˣֻðѣȻǸԼòֶһǱϾһˡ
Ʒû˵˼ҫҲ֪ʿɶֹûм׷ȥ˼ϾҲ֪Ʒ˵ãֻʦŴзͬ죬Ʒ˵ȻҲԸȥ˳Ʒʦš
ȻˣҾͿżɽ˵ˣֻһ仰İ벽ĸ֣Ҫٸɱ֣
ҫﲻݣ˲˵óƷΪ֮Ȼ𾪵Ļ
ҫȻΪΧɱĸ֮¡


1261 κҲڶ
Χɱ
Ʒֻһ
õɱãǵ֮Ѳʵ̫ˡ
ΪΧɱһոս뵤ûжõ˵þȫ
ͳѾԼɱȻûгɹҪгƷĵҩͳֻ¶䡣
֪жôľˣ
ڰ벽˵Ȼֻ벽ȴǵһ㣡
ȻٲǳƷֱ̬£Ͳܳɹ
Ʒɨһ۳ҫȻ˵ү˵ЦôΧɱ벽ҿԸ˵κʤ㣡
Ʒҡҡͷ˵ǲ׵жôĿ£Ͱ벽ȫΣԿ䣬ģκҲҲڶҵʵҲܹǿڵֵǰǿԱѣһİ벽Ҷ٣·һ
źûж˵ʲôȴѾȫɫˣźȻҲУǸľȴǷϡ
ͲͬˣǸȫȫգΪˣףƷ֮͸¶ϢжôĿ¡
벽ȻܻǵֵĶ֣һͳƷĿ࣬ڵ˵ûʲô
Ѱͨ۷壬ڰ벽ǰһʮ˸֮ģɻûκβ
ο벽ĸڴκѾһĴڣ˸߸ϣҪʲôûУҪһͲ֪ҪѶٴۡ
οҪ붯ô֮󣬲
ҼˣҲûκôġ
ȵĲˣǳƷ˵ģȻܹڵǰܹԱ
ͫ΢΢Ҫ֪ʦҲһ벽ĸ֣ʦһĸ֣ǿ϶Ƕ֣
Ǳܵľ͸ţ
漴˽쿴𺳵һĻڰ׶ʹκһʦܹܵģҲܹԱѡ
ȻڳƷϣͬżһ׾ٵıܣɴ˿Ʒʵжôľˡ
˵ܹڵ֮ԱǲŵģǳƷ˵ģȴмš
ֻƺҲûа취֤
˳ƷĻҫɫʱȻˣͬʱʼҧг
ѵľô
Ʒԣ㿪˵үˡðһ£Ϊʲôү뷨֪ʮֿ£ͨ˵ֱһ˵ȥΧɱͷҲʮΣյģ
Ʒ׵ֵĿ£һ֮ǲѵ£ƷҲͬððʧʧĶ
ʲôЦۼʮ˸벽Ҳֻ֮䱻ɱ⡣
۷ʱڵĳƷ
벽ֻӵĳЩܣûɱ䣬Ͼо޴Ĳࡣ
κԳ͢Ҫɱĳ벽ҲҪ߾ȫһе飬ѣô롣
ðɣȻˣҲˣҲͲˣҫ룬ֱ˵һѡ֮ǰʵϥжӵģҲֹһ֪ɣ
֪Ʒ˵ͷ˵ҫֲûжӣʵϣҫĶӲֹһô򵥣Ͼҫ檳ȺµĶŮҲࡣ
Ƕˣˣҫҧ˵˫Ŀͨ죬·뵽ʲô޵ҧгݵһ
ƷѾ֪˳ҫҪ˵ʲôˡ
ĳģƷ̽ʵ
ûһģҫ¶˼Ȼ顣
黹Ҫҵ游ʼ˵ˣҵ游Ҵκڵһѵţ˭֪ƻһ裬Ȼŵˣ֮ͳҵجΣҫ˵Ǹ֮֮У˭֪ôã̶ʱ֮ڣƵƵΪǣڶ̶ʮʱ֮УͿ˰벽֮У
ƷʱȻˣ㿪˵ͻˣ
ʱҵ游Ѿ꣬ʵͻ֮󣬾ͬյĺڰ׶ʹһֱɱźʱҵĸףҲźƴֿȻ֮󣬲ʱ䣬סָŽˣҫ˵ͷ˵һΣҲҵĸԪˣ֮󣬾һֱڲ֮ϣûܹ´
ȻⲻǳجεĿʼ


1262 ʮ˸벽һɱģ
ҫҧгݣ˫ͨ죬ǻǼ˵ŲǼجεĿ˶ѣʵҸ׵ĶӣʵϣҸ׺һϥвٵĶӣЩ֮У½½Ķɱˣог޽ܵĸףΪˣҲŻƽʱû뵽ݳӣ
˵޽ܣҫ֮Ǻ䲻ҲһΣֵܣûн޽ܸ̺á
֪̫̫رõɣԵҲ֪һЩģΪǸĺСܣҲ֮ǰһϮ֮ˣ
Ʒصĵ˵ͷֲ£µǸѾҪ˰˫Ѿǲˣֱָʲô˵Ҫӿֲ
Ϊأָּûκܹ赲סģûɱһˣɱһˣɱһϾ
źΪүƽʱӼֻڴǣҵᣬǳҵ˿ɾûôõĴˣһҵǾ·һˡ
˵ǳƷͣ¶ģʮһյĻôҲа취ġ
ҲΪʲôսǰջҪЭԭ
֮󣬾ҵĶˣһһʱɱڴеʱͱɱҫ˫ͨ죬̲סʼסӷֵ˫һҲǷͬ죬ֻͱķˡ
ҲЦңҲһεϮ֮УʧȥԺŻ֪ѡΣ
ҫƺһƵĿ˵˶˵ʹࡣ
ʱ˵ʹ˵ʲôˣΪʹŮԭ˱һһɱ
׷ͺڷ˱ؼ֮£οôΣָоƽʱ֣ҪеźΣǰ
鶼赭дĴзΧҲŨԳƷһ࣬ҲûôȻҲͳƷӼǣ̫йϵ
Щһֱ취Ѱټͬʱ취ָ֣һϮ֮У֪ˣǸϼһǵûΪһȻͻƵ˵ҫһķ֣Ȿͱܴݲеķֱֱ˸顣ۣ˾;ȻڣΪͻƣ
Ʒ̾һ˽ˣҲǲݣվڲͬȺϵսǹ𣬶ûʲô˽
𹫳˽Ĳݣ
游ȥǸŵģοǸ뾳ķᣬ游ûʲôĲԵģҫҧ˵ûоôʲôԵģǳٻ󣬶ҲǱҪĴۡ
ǸȻףԼκĶ֣κڵǺܼɵҲ̸ɱˣ϶Ÿֶָεġ
һ˴κңôܻٲݵ׷ɱźٵҪˡ
˵ףûгʧȥǵģ
ȻΪô͢ѵûʲôʾƷʵ
еģȻҲѯˣ
ҫûųƷκҲܲܣĻ˶ĺԺ˭ٸǼҰ£
ȻңҾͿԸ㣬˶ûãܹҵĸ֣٣ƷҪǣһ֣һҪǱأ֪һҪȵʲôʱ֣ǺæҲһӶɣ
ƷҲЩĪڸķ棬ҲԸһ֪֮һҪȵʲôʱźЩҪ˵ûгֹǸܵģǽʲôûУǾѾ˵ˡ
а취أҫҧ˵
Ҳû취ʮ˸벽ĴڣһɱģƷҡҡͷ漴ǰһ²ûа취ϾֻҪ˵ҩָǰˣʱǵΪָܹһ
ʱƷǻʮİյģȻڣ
˵أҫųƷǣͻȻ˵
Ʒųҫ˵
һаյģô֪ģͱˣҪս֪ϲϰһΣ
ҫųƷ
ƷƬ˵ԣֻҪܹҵҲԸһ֮ʲôƻҪһԺһڲʵУ
ãû⣡ҫصĵ˵ͷ


1263 нɽׯ飡
õ˳Ʒ׿ϣҫеĴʯͷһ룬Ѿ̫̫ˣ
游һʼͲͣܵϮɱɱһʣһˣŮһʣ
ʹֻԼף
Ͼÿһ벽ĸֶҶԵֵģƷ˵˵벽ĸֿǿжĻôڵ˵ǲĸġ
ͬĸ֣ĻܻɱԷ
벽ڵ˵ȥٶ·һ
Ϊ֪һ㣬Զںܶ벽ĸ˵Ը飬ҲֻˣɹԸڵġ
ҫ̶֮󣬳ƷֱͷҲصĸˣ˵ĿǰҲûб굤Ҫˡ
սǰУųƷһöֱƳ˳Ʒʩɺϵķӡ
ӡɢһ
ٲҾҪˣɺ״æ£˵
˶һʱ䣬͸ǳô飡һҵӣ˼죬ͨΪҲʮήҡ
һҪұ𰡣Ǹɺֱµֳ֮޵顣
δ˵꣬ȴֱһֱӽɺȵѪðǡ
ɺ賹ɵˣɵ۵ĿŸףʱΪʲô𣬷һơ
ľ飬˸ҵԼһ취Լȥģôһȫ˵õľ籾һˡ
ҪԼȥҪǳнɽׯŭ˵
뵽֮ǰƷͼ¾ڰ׶ʹ飬ڻûëǾȻţܹǿĵزġ
ȻƷδ뵽˵ĵҲûʲô𣬷ܹԼ
һֻҲ鷳˶٣
ɺòײŵģǻ˾޴˾ݲŻ˳Ʒԭ£ɺȻᱨ
һӵ̫ô
˵ǵڳƷǰ˵ˣϢƷĶ᳹ɵ
ҿ˿ûˣսǰȻҲûȤһطĴϷ
һʵСΪҲ߸ϵһ̫ײ˵뷨ˣΪҲãҲãܹǵ̫ˡ
ʱֻΪ㲻˳۾Ϳɱȫң˵κϰ
ԭԼӻСأʲôĸĸĸоǶӺһЩҲˡ
ٿʮĳƷٿԼĶӣʮʮˣȴǻ˹ȥˡ
ԭΪ汻Ʒ˦Ĳ֪ĶȥˣԷ棬̫Զˡ
ǲ²ʶ»Ȼ
Լ侲ôȽȥˣôȽȥһƳĳ嶯
ɺ軹һ±Ƶӣ̾ͽոշɺ˵ˣǳƷ
ɺɵˣԭֻΪƷȻԼǿ϶Լ׵Ķֻ֣ҪԼ׳ҪʰƷ򵥡
ԼʱУӦþǸǿд˳Ʒɱõȵİ취
˭룬ʵȴԼ׻˴˾ݣټԼͲû͵ȥƷͷǸŻᡣ
ʱһ֣Ҳף仯ĸо
Ȼſ񣬵ҲǱףּĸֵζʲôΪĳнɽׯԷ˵Ļ
ôţƣ
󱳶ʱʱﻹ˿뷨Ʒʵ࣬ͨ۷壬뾡һа취𣬵ǳƷǿĿɽ׶Ķ֣ܳнɽׯܸ
Ѿˣ
˰ɣȻ֪ôģǺʣ϶ǵģ΢ʰһ£һ¸ϳǸ
̾һҲ˵Ҳӵκ²òͷ
ʱڳҵǰѾͥС
ͷźŷϾǳҵļӣһҲһŷĹΪӲʲôͬǵŵһɲǣͷˣҵſڲ֪ʲôʱѾһ
ʱǸһҪ֪źȻҲλȨأڴУȴһСˣƽȻõҲﲻǾȻûһһ


1264 Ǹľ
ˣǲ֪ԭЩȻԸȨ֮ңЩȨдС
еԺգҪź֮ϣеǱźв硣
ⱾҲûʲôͷ𾪵ǣһ磬ЩҵĴȻѾǰ˳
ЩҺͷǰЩʵСȨɴ峤ǰ˳ӡ
Ҫ֪ǰûйľֻʵСȨ峤ԵŵĻҪӴһСģŷҲ͸ɲȥˡ
Щ˾Ȼʮְİ󵽵˳ڸ˳Ȼ֣øһŷͷ档
ΪŷҪľǲԹɫ֪ʲô˲ܵʲô˲ܵЩһ޷ģƽﶼһ߸ϵģȻʲôɫ
ˣ
ȻڣЩͳͳҪɫ˵ƺһ㣡
ǰδ׹һ仰ʲôǰƷ٣ǰƷ٣
ȻǰͨƴҫһδгһգЩȨҪʮֿ
ΪЩ˶ݷԼүʱ˭Щ˿ھǣʳʦô
Щ˵Ļʱһûףʲôʦ
ܿ죬֪ˣЩ˾ȻҸڵķүģʱڸпǾ˵һս
˵һӿҲܹôһˣеڶˡ
ֲֿսʮֵĺȻ
ֱǲ˼ģԽ޵ģ
һս£ѾƷˣΪźеˣȻΪܲûкܸߣ۹ȴǲġ
Ȼ֪һ벽ĸֵζʲôĸ򣬳ҿ»ᴴȳźڵʱҪԻ͵Ĺ
ЩƷ˸ŵĸεѣҹˣƷɱǣǸһ㷴ûС
ڳƷƺûҪ˵˼һҲϽнβˣ³ƷͻȻһ
һսڸڵӹɣеĸַ˷츲صı仯˵֮ǰƷ˵źӵλãû˿ŵĻô˶ˡ
ǳٲ֮⣬󲿷ϣ˵ǼٵģΪƷźӵλõĻôδضź
гƷ죬źȻܹΪκһңԶڻԻ̫ˡ
ͷŷѾһɷ糱ˣ
ǲ֪ڴУһɿϯԶԶҪźеҪĸ
һս̫ˣס˵иȨȻ˵˶ˣǻҲȥзĴμ̫̫硣
ǻȥһ˵ʱƷһս˴Ǹǰ
иֺֻܶ࣬˵벽ĻҲֻдǳǳеһ֡
ͬʱҲǵľ֡
ڳƷͻȻͻ𣬳Ϊ˵ڶ벽ĸ֣źͳͥˡ
ȻǾĻǿ˰벽ĳƷǺڰ׶ʹպյĸǴˣڳƷϾȻ˲һ
ӵ֪սǴͷβƷѹƣĲҰ˳Ʒϡ
Щ˵һĹؼ
ʣƷǲǸոտ벽֣෴ģ֮оԵߡ
ǵҹʹӳд˳ĻǵĵһҲϣԼԲǳƷĶ֣ΪҲͺڰ׶ʹ֮еһ൱ѡ
Ϊڸİ벽֮УһĴڣܹնɱڰ׶ʹĳƷò̾硣
ǳĻǼӾЩĿֻţǺܶźϵǽŵĲУȻƷźҲźӣվź
һ磬ԼĴͼƷ̽ƷĿڷ硣
ΪƷ˼ϾܾеľƣҵǿҲ޿赲
վǿΪ
źȴ֣ź⣬֪ʲôѾֵĲУƺ˶뵽һˡ
˶ǰȻʱѾʱˣΨпײµ˲ɹ
ҲֻǽѣȻǽҲȱƷ侮ʯҪá
ͷſһĻ


1265 ˾
ϾҪͽƷƺеˣЩ˶Ϻ꣬ǿȥ͹ģƷδػᱻסǲȥһᱻס
һ벽ĸֲ£һŶʮİ벽ĸֲޱȾĴڡ
ƷŶʮѾ˰벽˵ûĻ϶ܹ뵤
һΪͻΪе֮κΪܹµĳ
ȻڳƷֳʵе̫ˣδƷܴﵽĳɾͿ϶ˡ
ƽ裬ȴʱ򣬾ȻģһûУ˭Ҳը̡
һĻͷҲɵ棬ŷôˣҲδӵĳ
ҲףܹЩѱﶼͳͳͷĲԼүǸһķү
˶ڰĵȴʱ͵һȺ֮пʼɧˣȴԶһݹ֮УӰ˵ǰ
˶һһĸߴӣһò߷Ӵ˹
Ǹм࣬ȻǸոձµġ
ǲǳнɽׯׯôܿ죬˵ݾͱϳˡ
ʱ˲ɵһ֪Ǹʲô
ĴڻǺܿ˵һɧ˾ôղʻ
һЩѾڵƺ뵽ʲôҲ֣Ͼ죬Ϳǵ˵ƷͷϴأҲ͸ʲôˡ
ͷҲ֪͵ݵģϾҲڳģԲˣȴܲ͡
æǰ˵ׯ֪ׯһǰΪ£
ͨһʹȮɺǰ
ͱϹϾ˵ɺȻмֲԸҲ֪ʲôʱը̣ʲôʱ򲻿ԡ
͵Ļʱ˵һȻ󲨣Щ֪Ҳˣǲ˼Ŀ͡
ǺεǣǴǳҪӣԽӴĴھȻԸƷǸһǴŶһͬǸġ
ҲѲ£Ҳ³ԭίֻɺʲôطǵ˳ƷˣŻͶòԴǰˡ
Σǰ֤һ飬ǾǳƷȷʵˣĴﶼﲻƷ
Ȼ֪飬ȻҲᱻʵȻûоĸ
ֱڣǲڳƷһƵһͬΪ벽ĸֵͷǺεȼѵ飡
ǳѹˣ԰벽ĸֵĸ߰ǲܵġ
ԭׯԺϽȥͨ
ͷ˿ĵƷܹ͵һ£ȥɲͷ
лǰˬȻ֪ԼǺٻһð벽ĸô˵ⱲӶӵĻᡣ
ͷǰ˳ƷڵıԺȻʱƷڸеݲһˣסĵطԭǸطֻǴԭǸƫԶĵطһҹ֮ͳ˺ܶĸеһģǾԵĺġ
ǵǽĿתʱ򣬲ŷ︽ѾƷ綴츣һطҪü
ԭ˵᷿һ㶼ֵǮһ˲丽ͱֵǮ
Ʒһ֮ı仯ɴ˿ɼһߣ
ͷԺ⹧ͨһ
үнɽׯׯ滪Я乫ɺǰݼ
ܿ죬СԺ֮оʹһʵǲǱˣǳƷ
ȥɣûпչ
Ʒû˿ԥ
Ƿӣ˳нɽׯׯ֮⣬геҪҪһ
ͷ˵
ͳͳ
Ʒ˵
֪ͨδһڣһȫչأκ飬ô
ͷ˳ƷĻʱһ飬æ˵ˣūˣ
ͷﻹͣæתȥȻЩȨһ˽Ҳ˲ǮϣܹæԼ䣬Ƿֵصģ֪˭ܹˡ
ͷϢ˶ʧЩϣܹͽᵽƷˣʱû˻ᣬɵޱʧ
ǻǷ׷֮󣬾Ͷ뿪ˡ
Ҳ⣬ƷȻҲûеӲ̴ɺȥ
Щȥ֮󣬳Ʒڵõһ徻Կʼȫƾ굤


1266 ߲Ұ
κ۶һصĹ֮С
һڷٵĴһһȫص鱨һĿݵߣںڰ֮й˼Ϣ
鱨ľ飬죬ټҲз࣬ղͬͣͬҪ̶Ƚл֡
̶ʱ֮ڣͿԴ󲿷ֵ鱨
һЩ鱨Ȼ˿Ǿ׵鱨ŵأѫţÿһϳȥСĺ䶯
Ȼ˵Щʲô̫ˣҲϰˡ
Ҳ֪˵ƽģǶ۹˵ƽ¾õϢ
ȻҲһⶼûУֻǶܶҡ۹Ĵ֡
أ⴫һСĽŲ
ţʹһͨ
ϣддϢ
߶ʱüͷһ壬ڵ۹֮УȷʵһҪصעĵһϢǲϱʱӵǺټ
ɣߴż˵
ţһеĵ껺˽ߵʱ򣬻ǲɵûš
Ȼͷ۶κ֮жΪĳЩ˵УСֹЧģǺǰȣ̫Զˡ
ȻԼĸÿǻǽţڴκʬɽѪһ·¾ѫʤѫڱҧгݵĽ֡
ʲô鱨Ҫ߿΢Щŵ꣬ĵ˵ͷȻˣʱҪӺ֡
ҲڿЩ¶ֽţǫһЩûʲô
ǰ˼鱨
æ˵
ĻҲɵڴκ鱨ȼУͼľһ鱨һЩëا飬ûʲôֵһֱϵݼӵ˵ھż鱨ˣҲζŻҪκ߸κҵ鱨Żᱻֵھż
鱨ʮ궼δ۸ճһΡ
ڵھż֮µĵڰ˼鱨ƽʱܹļˡ
ˣְ˼鱨һ궼δܹΣǰ˼鱨ĻֵԼĸͽһˡ
ʲô鱨صʵ
鱨ȿǸ꽫һ鱨͵ϣȻ˵鱨ǰźϵ̽ӣźЩѡУһгƷˣͻȻа벽Ϊ
Լ˵ڷϵĶͣһ£벽ĸ֣ѹֻᱻֵ˼鱨ˡ
˼鱨ȻԶҡɽҲܹӰˡ
ϸһ£ļãһź˭ˣϾκѫ̫ˣǷǳЩҪһ£Ҳǵõ鱨УȷʵźҪѡӡ
ź˵Ǵ£Ƕ˵һСĲСѣֵöע
ֻ˼עԼȫûעˡ
ԭΪǸ˵źͻȻ˰벽ΪĻȻЩȴҲʲô
źǿڹ֮ѾˣȻ⼸үΪһ㣬ǱϾĵ̣ͻȻĳһ벽Ҳ
ܿͷӦ˹ź򣬶ĳźĺѡӡ
ϡˣ
һѡӣΪͨͲˣôͻȻðһ벽
ܿ죬Ͳ鿴ϣǰ˵ǳƷδΪѡӵһЩ飬ƷȻ֧֮츳Ҳǻѣ൱ںѡЩ˵ʵɾһܵĽɫ
ǾܵĳƷȴͻһǰͻȻչֳ˺֮ǰȫͬһ档
ǿƻ˳ԵˣĿ֮£ȫֵĳɼ˸߼ʦ
鱨ϻرעˣƷδȫػӵдʦʵ
Ϣ˵ƷԭǴʦڴֻи߼ʦҲֻǿ˸߼ʦ鱨Աر֮ӳƷĿ߼ʦΪʦĸʷǳߡ
ֻдʦʵĿԣѾ㹻鱨֯ˣǻԱΪ˼鱨
ͷϷں棬֮ƷǴչ˳ʢ꣬ǵһսǰվ˽Ÿס˷ˡ
֮ǰ鷳ͣ
΢ѾʮȤˣǵƷɱڰ׶ʹʱͫײɵ΢΢


1267 ǳˮг
ڰ׶ʹһ˿˽Ĳ࣬Ϊ۹鱨ܣȴǶ̵˽⡣
ʺлȪڵ֣ڵ۹߾ɹޱߵɱҵһֱǴκͨĿꡣ
鱨Ҳֹһε֯׷ɱڰ׶ʹ󶼱ѣ߱˷ɱ
ֳֹһΣǱ˰ڵȵ˻ɱ˵Ļᡣ
˭֪һսǱѣ˷ɱ˴κľ֣˵˷۱
£βԺڰ׶ʹӡ̣
Ǿκ¶Ϊͷۣûа취ĺڰ׶ʹȻ˳Ʒϡ
ѹԵѹ
սԳƷͷβûռݹϷ磬ʹƷıףҹ¡
ںҹ»ӡ󣬵ڰ׶ʹܹȫˣ̶ܴϾΪҹ£Ȼʱڰ׶ʹŸոջ˺ҹ£Ǿǿһҹ£ʹǵİΧȦ֮ɱ˸
ʱ֪ʹкҹµ鱨ʧأ޷˺ʹȴʹɱ˸
аʹһķͷۣǲžžˡ
һһǼ޷⣬ǸһһϻһһϣȻԵĵȴȵ¶ˡ
Ϊ֪ڰ׶ʹĿֲ߲ŶԳƷɱ˸оȫĲ˼飬һݱϲֹһ̽ӵϱ໥ӡ֤ѹͲš
ѵƷôֲô
ڿƷľôֲĴڡ
ɵõһսϳƷѹ˺ʹǰǿʽǿа˺ҹ¡
ͫ΢΢ڿƷͽֽ˰ķֱץ飬ͬ˹һ
־˰ķѾǿһֲ˼ĵز
±ȵҪĸӿֲˣ
Ҫ֪Ʒôģʵֲ̫ˣźܹ
һ仰ǳˮǴκҶĸǴ֣˵źˡ
ʵ𾪣𾪵ĻǳƷͣʱΪʲôƷǰ˼鱨ԭˡ
˲ðû뵽ź֮УȻ
΢΢ţ֪Щʲô
ȷʵˣҪ̼ôǸеĵæ˵
漴ǸƲһǸеĵ꣬˵ڿЦô벽ĸôӣˣôĶ֪
Ǹеĵʱ亹ֱֻǱܵô飬ΪҲôģֻˣһӵĿ꣬ǿһ벽ĸ֡
һʲôļܹùּĸ֣
ѵǴһô
ǲڸЦô
ϣҴˣ
еĵæ˵
ȻܼӣҪģź϶ʦţܹʦţԷͬСɣ֮ǰȻһ㶼ûһҪʲôɣǵĿľʲô߽˵
ĵĻǳƷһ벽Ҳڽ췭ĵĻǳƷǿܴڵȻһš
ڴκ֮УкܶĴڣһŵĵӴ˱鲼κ֮Уͼ˱ȱȽǡ
³ƷҲĴڣ˵ĻԳƷֳǱ˵֪ɶΣա
ˣ
Ǹеĵæ˵
ˣһź򣬾˵ǸϷ˵ˣ
أͻȻ˵
ͻȻеĵ겻ɵõɴ۾һأԲŵģߣ֪ߵݣǿִŵ۹鱨˳ƺΪӰеߡ
һ㶼Ǳͽû·ȥύˣǴûй顣
ѵƷڲͬô
붼ȫֱȫ˼飡
鷢ߵϣֱ췽ҹ̷һ顣
˿ԥҶӴĦΪôϹȥȴֻĳһڡ
ȵеĵ뿪߲֮̾һ˵û뵽Ȼʦ乫ƺڵʦ˵Ǻʵѡ
ԽԽСϸţû֪˵ʲô
Ʒ֪չʱһɷ糱ѾȻγ˴ǣʼԵ۶չӰˡ


1268 ɣָս
źһܵУƷھ޴¯ǰ޴¯ŵỊ֮̇һ˵ҩ㣬ֻһڣһȫë״󿪵ĸо
Ʒڵ¯ǰʱıӡ˫ǰһһӡ˳Щӡӿ
ųƷЩӿ룬𲻶ϵıɫϵĿ¶ȡ
ֻдʦϵĸ֣ܹģƳԼĵ
ʦ˵ǺһҪǿʦ˵ǷǳҪġ
Ϊܶĵرһĵ¶޷ڻģΨнʦĵơ
Щʦȵ˴ʦ֮󣬾ͻῪʼƳԼرĵ
ʵϣڴʦĿ֮УкҪһ㣬ǷԼĵ
ЩеʦһЩż֮мɵģһЩʦ߱ɽˮ֮здڵһֳɴ͵ӿĵػ
һֶΪҪҵѣ˵ҪΪԼĵ
һܹѱһʦ̾ͻ£ΪܹĳɹʣҪʱ䣬ҩȥߴݼԭûа취ƶɵĵҩİ֮Ҳɡ
ȻƷҲûпȥѰҹΪҲûбҪõʱ򣬵ȻպѰЩǱȻģ߽׵ĵҩȻҪܹƶɡ
һ㣬̳˵ʼĳƷʹõĵǴӵʼصһֵΪ˻¯Ϊ֮һּΪ߼ĵ
ԭֻѰһֵ𣬺˵ʶĸ֮˻¯ز
ǣְ˻¯ܹɸָ׳Ǽеİ˻¯Ѿ¼еĵҩ
Ǿ굤õİ˻¯ƣֻҪƬ̼ɣֻϧֵѾʧˡ
Ҫֵİ˻¯ʢҪƷ߱²Ѽпˡ
ֻǳɰ汾İ˻¯Ҫƾ굤ҲǴ´࣬ԭҪһµʱܹƳɵľ굤ڲʮʱѣѾӽɡ
ڵ¯ϣһİ̷ӿһѾռ죬еĳƷһ
ƷоڵľƶڴƺѾܹܵЩ굤ҩơ
ʱҲɵ¶ϲ⣬ϵĶûб仯ͨһӡ˻¯¶ȣ󼴽¯ľ굤
ֶ˵Ѿʧ˵ĵڳƷֲ֣ϸڶȻģ·Ѿƹһ
ʱƷ絤ʸ壬һжƿ֮С
һʱ֮󣬳Ʒ͵һ۾ſ˿ڣ֮еҩʱȫ˿УԭѾ˵¯ֳ˳Ʒǰ
Ʒоڵֺ˼֣æһȣ
ʱ¯ĶڳƷһ֮£ֱƷ˿һöӲӵĵҩ˳ֱӷɵ˳Ʒǰ
Ǿ굤
ƷҲûκԥֱſ죬Ȼһö굤˿С
Ƭ̼Ĺ򣬾굤Ѿ׻һů˳Ʒ֫ٺ֮С
Ʒæת˻ʼһůԼܵ˵ľ֮С
굤ȻҲóƷôõʥҩů֮ԭųƷĿֲƼǺ˴룬ȵڶůٶʱ򣬾ѾõĲˡ
ȵůʱ򣬾Ѿȫˡ
Ʒϵһ˵ٶȻָ˳ƷһƣڲǶ̶һʱ֮󣬾Ѿõȫˡ
ƷһХ֮УڳƷ̾סˣָֻоʵ̫ˣһˣһˣȫָ˹ˡ
ѾкܾûĸоˣΪƣĹûа취ȫӳڣ¿˵С
ںڰ׶ʹٶȳǰҪĶһƾܺ
ʵǿڵֵ϶ǳƷоԵţ˸Ķ֡
һж߲ȥ
ָ֮ھ굤ҩδȫɢȥ۳һɺֱӳͨصľ


1269 ͻƣͨ
ոջָ֮󣬳Ʒֱӳͨ۷壬һƷȻһֱһе״̬ȴһ̶ûзɹϵ顣
ټϾ굤ҩʱȫͷ˳Ʒ֪ǳͨصĺûᡣ
һʱ䣬ʼͻƣʱ䲻㳤гƷ̫̫ˡ
ҲһȫµĽ׶Ρ
ڣڵջļˡ
ҩɳƷǿĹʼ۶γһɿֲĺͨصϳȥ
䡱һӣƷоͨصһ˵ٶȣѡ
˵־ѳ̲ˣǶڳƷ˵һȴ˵ˮɡ
ͨص֣ƷȻģսڷһַ츲صı仯
һȦһȦƷ֪Լ˶ٴͨصľ磬ÿһȦĳͨصһ֡
ʱ䣬Ҳ֪ȥ˶ãڣ͵һӣƷڵķڵõһйڣĳϰ˲ͻͨصľ硣
䣡
Ʒڵķϯոͻƣķûа취ȫƿء
Щڰ֮зӿ֮̾еĽ磬ڳƷһ޴ķ籩
Ʒ籩ĺڡ
һЩɢķڱƷ˻Ʒ۾֮бһľâ
ڣͻƵͨˣƷ³һ˵
һһɫƥըѿ
ԳƷľʱҲ¶˼ϲ⣬ͨأڿ硣
սȻҲ֮һ޴
ͬһȫµľ磡
ԭֻǳ뵤ѣڵ֮Уһν鵤γһõĽ𵤣ǵĵһ
鵤ǻΪڣڣڣ۷ĸ׶Ρ
ųƷΪͨأʵսҲڴ鵤˳Ŀ뵽鵤ڡ
֮ǰʱİ벽ȣֱ˷츲صı仯˵֮ǰĺڰ׶ʹˣ񣬴ʱҲȻǳƷĶ֣ò˼оͻڳƷϡ
鵤ÿһ׶Σž޴Ĳ࣬һһ죡
鵤ں鵤ȣѹ£
ڵ֮УƷҲǿһˣ
ֻ¶û뵽֮ǰǻƷǾѰİ벽֮ϵǿʵȻڳƷ˵ջƻǹȥˣʵҲͬʱһԾϣֱӵ˿鵤ڵʵ
Ʒֽ˱չ֮Уй̣ոͻƣй̣صпܾ絹ˣƷȻܷĴ
ʱ磬ȻƷڣǹۣȴûֹͣʱƣһҵĸо
ʵԽԽ˷ӦģڳƷ飬ԭֻĽײ֪и߲Ҳʼ֪ˡ
ڴԭֻгһ벽ĸ֣ȴðһʣĸ˵һ޴ս
źųĸźʹҲ֮һ澰ĴųڴǳǰҲֹ
˶ڳƷδ뵽ʱ򣬺ͳƷùϵܶȻףƷֻѹסǣܺùΪûƷסҪĺöˡ
źҫ˵ʹţΪƷĹϵźյǰδеĹעʹǣƷΪźӣ˲һ㣬ԲŻô顣
Ϊ˽δźƷΪźĻôֻ¾Ͳôˡ
ңŵͳƷһ֮ԼĵĽȻѾı˶ˣнĿԵʱȴӽǡ
ڣȴһºչ˵ĳƷڳˣڵ֪Ϣ֮󣬳ҫ̾Ʒ˹
ͦļģ
ƷոճأѾҵ˳Ʒ
ǵģүӦҲ֪¶ںүҪԣųƷ
ʱƷ֮УȻв˼顣
һǰһսĿ˳Ʒκɱ˺ڰ׶ʹġ
Ϊˣžò˼飬ǰΪԼΪմմϲԼΪѾˣȻ˭֪ͳƷһȣֱǻˡ
ǵһսԭΪƷѾȫ˭֪ѹǳƷʵ


1270 ս鵤
Ʒʵ𵱳ֳĻҪµĶˣʵϣƷȫҪҲһָѡ
ò˼ĵطҲ֪Ʒôɵģѹ˼飡
벽ľ磡
˵ͨ˵벽ѾĿˣڵǼǲܵ飡
ǶܹͨЩ˵Ҳǧһ顣
Ǻų̩ɽȭڵʦ꣬Ҳֻǰ벽ѣ֪Ҫ뵤жôѡ
鵤İ취ֻĳЩǿش⿪š
Ǵ˰벽뵤Ѷȣ
һİ벽ûӵĳ룡
ǳƷȴͬͣûǿŴУҲ취еʱѰҽİ취뵤ĸʱʦҲ֪ҪߵĶȥˡ
ҵϢ̩ɽ֮ʦĻӦܿʹ˻ʦķƷһûдеҰ·ӡ
ԳƷչֳʵ츳һվһǿ˼ţǲ֪˭ѡ
˶һʦҲͬΪƷվһǿţĻԽ̵֮ʱ˾˵ĵزġ
ƷУ֪ˣ͹ȥɣ
Ƶ˵ͷźڶڶ֣ΪδͻƣҪʱͻƺ
ڣһµʱ䣬ǵƻָʵﵽһȫµľ硣
̶̵ʱ֮Ѿȫȶסͨصľ磬ͨ۷Ҳֻһ֮ңѣ굤ЧӹɣҲ˳Ʒôľȥˡ
ˣүʦˣ
˿סƷ˵
̩ɽȭڷ̩Ʒ΢΢һȻ󿪿˵
һʼ֪̩ɽȭڷ̩˭ΪĹϵ˽һ£֪̩˭
˵źйϵ̩ʵźļҽΪ⣬õɣ뿪˾ǰ̩ɽϿɡ
֮󣬷̩źĹϵҲȻܺã˫УȻڵźҲ˸Ұѷ̩Ǽҽһˡ
±̩ģʵϣҲԶԶֻڴ֮ǰм̩ĵź֮С
˭Ʒûи˽ˡ
ʦæ˵ʦ֮ϣһս
Ʒ΢΢һм˼̩һգǰźļҽоڷǳգõźΣսڵһѣΪ˰벽ĸ֡
Ʒŷ̩Ⱥúڰ׶ʹҪ֪ڰ׶ʹڳƷϵ£ȻҳƷһս
ȷʵ֮
˵ɣ
Ʒÿɷ˵ǳƷʱ̩һսļֵȻΪͻͽ˵Ǻ͸ǰǺһǰȣŷ츲صı仯
̩ս˵ȻҲûκˡ
Ʒû̴ӦЩɻ󣬲ɳƷľӳƷ¶˰벽ս֮ڷ̩пɾԼʦһεĴڡ
ɲԿŭƷʲô
ʦôʱˣòרΪҶɣ
ƷЦ
æҡҡͷ˵ʦ뷲үдһ²˳ѣԭǺүļƻҪʼʵʩˣʦ֮⣬мһˣ
Ʒԣ֮ͫһâǸƻҪʼˣ֪ҫʲô㣬ΧɱǸǴǿС
ڶ˵νˣճҫ˵ǸǿӦÿ뵤ʱ䲻ܾã˾鵤ڵΪĶ֡
Ҳͬ鵤ڣƷͬ޾壬֮Уη塣
ζȲʤȯȻν
е˼ǰ·ȥƷ΢΢һЦ˵
õģ
ʱæ˵
Ĵ֮£ƷܿһźһУ֮ϡ
Ʒҿ϶֮ǰûע⵽УΧһĽ󷨽Χˮйͨһ˿һĲȥ
иɨҲ޷̽鵽ʵ
漴ƷȻˣ˭һûмܣĿܿɨУ֮ϵļϡ


1271 벽Ƽ
ʱУУӰڷٵĽ֣һˣһԼĪʮģݵӣ˵Ĵ󴸣˵Ĵ󴸿˻Ҫ
趯磬ӡķҪˣһͷͷͻХ¡
Ǿ޴ĴҳȥԿһ˵ٶ̮˿
һ̮Ŀ񳱣УԵֹסˣУԵһɫĽ罫һж赲סˡ
һݵֳֵĹ˼ΪȻѾԽѰ֮ͨϵİ벽ĸ֡
ּĸֹܹУĿֲ
Ķ棬һеĵӣӿݿʣͦΣȻӲߣǿʱȴ·һ޴ɽһ㡣
ͶǸֳ˫ֹܹصĿֲȣеĵӷ·ȫ·һ㡣
ϣһ˳ǹĳǹȴֻܲмܣִֻ̳ĳǹֱӻһĳǸݵô󴸺ͻֱ׽ɱ
ԶԶȥ˫⾳ȫͷ˳һ
ǣƷʵ
˫սĺ˳֮лعųƷ˵үڽֵˣֳִ󴸵飬Ԩǹɣ
Ʒ˵ͷⳡе˺ʣǿ˰벽ĸ֣սƽʱɶѰܹĵġ
ҲУʱڳУӰĿתƺһҲԸתߡ
Ʒ˵һ԰׵ߣһװͦΣվɣһֳڵľϢС
Ʒע⵽˫֮һ㷨תϣһΪȫһ˫ϡ
˫
ҪƷܣƷҲܹµݣ̩ɽȭڷ̩
һǿΪȻڰ׶ʹҲԶ֮ϡ
ؼϣһͶûеǿѹȸУѰİ벽ֻ»治Ķ֡
ߣһһտɫĳȹ͹µĳ˳ѩȻ굫ȴȻַ顣
ƷȴܹϸܵһǿķݷڣʵǿȻҲһ벽ĸ֡
ƷԶԱһ£ʵ˼껹ԶԶģ˼굱Ѿǰ벽۷ˣڳƷָ֮£ʵ֮ǰĺڰ׶ʹ֮ϡ
ˣӵΪҲΪѵˣ
ԱߣһӰһɫҰ׵ӣƷע⵽עڳеʱɫҰ׵ӵĿȴʱʱƳǸһ˫۾֮͸¶˼̰ռ
⼸أƷʵ
ҵʦ̩ɽȭڷ̩Աߵˮĸˮˮߣĳˣæ˵ݶˡ
Ʒ˵ͷĵܿ˳˵ע⡣
Ƿ̩ڿ˳Ʒʱ򣬶ʱǰһ翴һϡ䱦һ֮ǿսȼա
Աߣˮ￴˳Ʒʱǰһ¶˼ĵЦݡ
ˮϵĳһĻʱмּʵĿһ۳Ʒ
ǳƷô̩ǰ˵룬ղӦðҵĻ˰ɣһս
ƷֻƲһ۷̩֮󣬵㲻ҵĶ֣ûҪ
̩״΢΢һͣȴûǹЦ˵ô˵һ㽻֣ҷ̩ǿĸսΨˣҲܹҵҵǿڰ׶ʹҾãһսȻջ񣡡
Ʒ̾һҡҡͷ̩뷨ûǿĸַսȷʵǳɳٵİ취Ҳǰġ
ǳƷʵûлظ̩пܻһЩջȻͷ̩ʵ̫ˣ̩뷨עʵ֡
Ҳûоֱܾ˵ȻˣǵһǾ԰ɣ
Ǻãҵ㣡
̩ĵ˵ͷ
һߣˮųƷλĪǾǽĳƷô

Ʒ˵ͷ˵ˮ˹һɵ㻷ƱǼ⣬ɫĺһ
ˮûпƷĮһֿһ㣬һһᣬӢ۳꣬һȻ鴫


1272 ͷϴ
ˮĹάƷᡣ
Ʒ˵ˣ
ˮЦӯӯڳƷĮƺҲǲΪ⡣
ˮﲻϵĿƷĳֲ֮м˵˭֪ǲͽ
ĳĻɹ˵Ŀⶼе˳Ʒϣ˶óĳ֮еƵ˼
ôƷЦſĳ˵ͽƾ㣿
ĳЦһ˵λȻǱźģȻҲӦ֪µжôգ֣һСģ³ʵͻΪ׸
ʱѱҪ
ĳ˵ѱȴûΪⲻǱǣʵʵ˵͵ȣռƣҲȷʵѱ
֣ӿɲ׸Ͼڰ׶ʹأ
ʱˮ˵Ʒ֮Уżַ飬
ƫƫһ䵽ĳȴ֮ĸΪǰ벽һܹ۵˲ǷëǶѡ
ܹΪԼµģǾ͸֮٣׷ˮѾܶˣΨͬǰ벽ˮʸԼİ¡
ȻĳƷ֮ԭ˵ЦˮȫעתƵ˳Ʒˡ
ʼɵķ
ô˵ȫΪʣΪôģƷʲô
һʮСëӣë֪û룬Ҳƽƽ
Ҫ֪ǿǵĸ֣һСľͿܱһָͷĿֲڡ
ƷټͷѹźȥģֻΪƷճѡ
ѹҲ͸ϳƷΪͻͽҲԶʱ̥ǶпܣһֱаշĴ˵
Ǿ磬ƷţҲҪʱ۹ɲ츳ֲ˵ġ
ƾ㣿˭ƷЦһĳ˵
ĳԴŭ˵˭
˵ľ㣡
ƷЦһ
˵Ŀⶼ˳ƷΪҲû̵ıȽϹȻǰ벽ǳǺڰ׶ʹģʵǿ˼֮⣬󲿷ָû໥
ãããȳ֮ҲҺһսĳƷĻԴըѿˡ
ƷһЦ˵׳գ㻹԰˭ʤ˭ţ
˵˵ĲԣĳϾʶ˳Ʒ˵˼
ҲƷĻ˹ȥѾ׽ɸѹסˣӳɸûκηĻᡣ
ǿЦ˭ʽ󿪴ϣԵ˫ͲӲӣĻɻԶһȥضᱻǣܶ㵽ȥ
ĳֱָųУ˵
Ҳͬĵ˵ͷǵĻҲͬĿ
ɵʤ̫СˣҪ䲻⣬Ҳ̫ܡ
ΪǿĴʵ̫ԵˣСĿռ֮УɲòӲӡ
Ķ֣һ㣬Ѿעˣһ䶨ˡ
˵ǸûпѵûѹûоȫôƷ˵
ûоȫôܣʱ̩ҲЩ˼˵Ϊôɶʵӡ
Իڣȡ裡
ĳٶϸһ³еս̾Ѿó˺֮ǰһĽۣƷȻڻȡˡ
̫ˣһˣ˵עѡ
ôҲҺҶһ˭ʤ˭ƷЦſ˵
ĳЦһֱ˵ƾ㣿ˣҪͷϴ
ãˣҪô죿
Ʒ˵
ôܴˣĳ
ѾˣҲҪģͰ˵ģͷ˵ˣƷһЦȻ˵
ãǾ
ĳ¶˼ֳЦݣ·ܹһ³Ʒ¿ͷĳˡ
Ʒ漴ųкѾزˣ㻹ȫô
е˶ƷĳĶԼעǶݺݵĿ˳ƷСӣȻ˵ɡ
һߣֻǳХһȻˣҼҲû˼ˣǵģСӿ˾ͿˣΪʲôҪ˵ƣ


1273 
˵꣬ȫĹ͵һӱ˿֮ǰ˶ΪѾ˼޵ʱֱ˸ӿֲĹǺƺƵѹ˲Ѿѹȫ
˵ɫһӱˣ֮ǰǻо˴֮ʵ޼ɵһ֣Ƕʱʶˣɵʵ֮ϣһԶ֮ϵġ
ڳеĸдΪǿҵģԭΪԼѾȲʤȯǳƷȻҿһ¾Ҫݺݽѵһ³Ʒ
˭֪Ϻһɵʵһӱ˿ȫ֮ǰչֳĹ֮ϵʵʱһͣȻ󻹲ӦҪôӦԵʱɵĶѾˡ
һ˵Ƶĳǹ˲ֱ˳ȥǹâ˺ѿ񷣬һҵĹâֲǹâһֱ˺ѿȥ־
־ԻһͷͻɲǼѾǹâɵĳ˺˿
ǹֱӵ˾޴֮ϣһʼľ޴Ǹûа취ֿûа취ֻӲ
Ȼȴͬˣɱǿʵֱӵס޴ըѳһ޴Ľһ
֮ǰԼʮŵ飬˲͸оԼֱ۶һӷˡ
ʱ˳Ʒ˵ģʵ
룬һǹâĳͲ֪ʲôʱ˺˳գֱŶ
æٶԿǻǱĽڽڰˡ
˶ɵ۾Ϊеȫ˹һʼڽڽڰˣڣȴȫڽڽڰˡ
չֳԶ˵Ĺ֮߱ҲͲˡ
ʱٽĿ⿴˳ƷǶףΪʲôǶûпƫƫƷڿһ֮󣬾ϳˡ
ĳʱ֮飬Թ飬ʵ̫ûˣŻᱻɱƵǽǡ
ҲˣƫƫͳƷģˣ͵ˡ
һߣˮЦӯӯĿ˳Ʒıϣ˵ӣôʵģǿӦûһ˿һΪʤĻŶԣ
ˮƷ˵ܶԭ֮ǰ鹥糱ʵϣÿһûɵķǿƣʵ򲻹ǿ֮ĩѣ
ƷһʼͿʵȻΪν˿Ϊֱӿûȫ
صĺܺã˶ûпⲢųƷҲʵϣóڻһǿûеԳƷ΢һ£Ҳܹµóˡ
Ȼ֪ʵôЩٶȻҲͱúܿˡ
ЩȻԱ˵ǵƷȻܹ͸Щ˿ʵҲʵǺˡ
ĳŭҧŭֱգƷǷ֪ȷ𰸵»һ塣
Ȼȴˣ֮ǰҲΪʤȯգԲҪԳƷ
ֻƷһŶѡ
ڳƷ٩٩̸ʱ򣬳еսѾֳʤˣɹȻͬƷ˵ڱʵ֮󣬺׵ľͽƵ˽䣬Ȼһǹ顣
һֱ鶼Щ±ƣƺȫû뵽ԼȻʧˣΪԼʤȯյ£͸ˡ
ɻӳ˳˳Ʒ˵ֵܣɲص
Ʒ΢΢һЦ˵Ʋ˵ƣѣ
Ʒôһ˵ʱЦƲ˵ƣѣе˼
Ʒ漴ĳ˵ô¿ͷɣ
˵ĿⶼĳĳɫһһףһΪ߰ˣھȻҪĿ֮¶ԳƷ¹ͷôܹ
ȥⲻƽҲ¹ģĳһ˵
üͷһĳˣˣ漴ҲȻˣҲ֮飬ǣֻҲԸ⡣
µΣƷЦһֻ˵ûʵԴ󣡡

ĳڱƷŭˣ˲ͳųƷ˹һɨֱһһ˺ѳ룬һ˲䣬⡣
ǿֲȫ
˶׷׺ˣȻҲֱӳսûбȶнı

ƷֻЦһ䡣


1274 һϺˣ
ĳʵȷȷʵʵҲѾ˰벽֮У˼ͻȻ֣ʱ
Ȼ֮У֮⣬˶ǰ벽ʵģĳûһҵĵġ
ĳһɨضУĻһԽɷĩ
벽ĳ̶ֳ˵Ѿͨˣ
˸ڰ۲ƷҲ֪ƷǷ紫ô
ĳһȴ˿ֲĿ񳱣ųƷƷվ˿Ȼ̯֣һ˲䣬ӰѾʧԭ֮С
ٽţ˷һȴĿֲĿγɵĻǱһָֻ˺ѿһ˲ͱ˺ѳ롣
Ȼ˾ֻƷɲǼ䣬Ѿĳǰˡ
ĳӦƷѾɱˣһͬһ
أ
˾ֻƷذ׵ֱһƾĵĳϡ
ĳԼһײһֱײ˳Ʒϡ
ĳһƺߣ˲䵹˳ȥݺײУ֮ϡ
ֳʱһļž
˶ɵˣһзٶʵ̫ˣ쵽˻ûüӦѾˡ
ɵƣ
Ʒ³֣Ŀĳ
˶ˢˢĽĿ⿴˹û֮ǰ²ǰȫȫǳƷ˦һƣĳѾսˡ
һж˵赭дǿƷ֮дżε֮ɫ
ѹ֮ǰƷѹҲĳˣԭ˵ţ֮ǰĳҪ̽һ³ƷǳڿǸǲѡ
˳ƷʵˮЦݸ
˶ޱȾ֮У֮ǰɴʱ鶼ǶˣƷǵ֮
Ҫɱ㣡
ĳһӵԾİѾ׳һͷǱƷһȵġ
֮ǰѵƷ֪ڳƷǰȻôˡ
䣡
ĳпֲϢͷ˳һͷҰɽһ㣬ֲ
͸ղȣʱŭ˵ĳµģΪʱѾ뷨ֻһ뷨ҪŪƷ
䣡
ĳٶ̫죬һһ㣬ɲǼ䣬Ѿ˺ѵ˳Ʒĸǰһȼֱһɽһɨ˹
ɲǼ䣬Ѿһߵ˳Ʒϡ
أ
ĳһ˳Ʒ¶˼ΪЦݣ·һ˲ͿԿƷһ߳롣
Ȼһ̣㤵鷢ˣһߵ˳Ʒϣȴ·ߵһһ㣬һһ
Ʒ˿ܹһɽߵ÷ĿֲһԳƷʱȴûзӳһ˿һԭӦеá
ȻӦƷķҲ漴ˣֱһƸ˹ȥ
ĳӦֱӱһˣͬһ㵹˳ȥݺײУǽ֮ϣһ˲Ҳ֪ײ˶ٽ硣
Ѿ׳һͷˣƷһȻûȫǶĳ˵ƾֱȵڳѪ
ֱӻ˹ȥ
ÿ£
ʱɵԺ֮ðһ仰֮⣬ʲôͷҲûˡ
֮ǰǻҪ֪ƷǳڣֻǳƷչֳıɽһǵʵȴŵùǺ
ƷȫѾ˼ĳǻãƫƫƷֻƾĳ˹ȥʧȥս
Ҳ˵ֻܿǳƷɽһǵʵȴѾ˹ֲ
ô㻹һսô
Ʒʱ˷̩˵
̩֮ȼһսȼգȻˣһһս˲ɣ
Ʒ΢΢һȻˣ֪λûȤɴ࣬ǣһϣˣ
һһٵ˵ƺһ
˳ƷĻԭһֱЦӯӯˮʱɫһӿ
ͬΪ벽ĸ֣ƷѹǷ֮ǰƷչֳʵ㹻ޣҲ̫۸ˡ
һԵûɵˣƷȻͬʱôսһҪһϡ
ƷһȦˣϵķ߷߲ƽȻõȴνǵĵʲô뷨ǲȥþԵʵףЩ˾Բܹǵ˵ġ
ãããȻˣǾͲˣ
̩


1275 Ĵ֣޵У
ƷֱһУ֮У֮⣬Ҳ׷׸˽ȥĸ˴ĸ򣬽ƷΧס
˵֮жŸ߰ս⣬ƷĻ׼ŭǡ
ɱ
һȣɽһѹ˹˵ĳصǿĻô̩ɽ˫ȭص
ֲ˳գųƷɱ˹
ɼֵĽֱͺȻ֣޴˫ɨգųƷ
ɵĳǹͬһɫųƷĺ󱲺ɨ
һߣˮȫķڶ֮оȻ޾Ĵˮ÷֮еˮ۶𣬻ɿµĹƳųƷѹ˹
Ȼ֣ǸղųƷɵĿ־ķĳֱӽĳ˶ˡ
Ƕûиһһǲˡ
˶ǰ벽֮еĸ֣һʵȫ֮ϣǰ벽֮еٮٮߡ
һ֣УĽ綼׸ˣ綼ˮһ㣬һȦһȦĲҪУƷ˹
ǰ벽ǿ֮ôǰһĻޱȵ𺳣ȴޱߵĺ
Ƿ̩ĵӣӱ˵ͬһ͵ˣױ򵹡
ֲ֪Ĵ֣ƷҪζԿء
ʱȴƷһӾͶˡ
Ⱦǳŷ̩ķȥ̩˫ȭ˹Ʒͬ˫ȭһͷƮһɫĳۣ˷·Ϲһ
䣡
ƷһȭֱӺ䵽˷̩ȭƵķˣƷͷţȭ˺ѿһС
̩Ȼǿȭͬ˫нˣҲÿʲôĶ֡
ԳƷʱ򣬸޷⣬ֻһȭѣͽеĹͳͳˡ
ųƷȭȥƲһӺ䵽˷̩ǰ
ʲôȭ
̩¶˼Ϊ𺳵顣
ˣҲóƷһȭԶԶȭǿĵز
ӳƷȭ֮У˴ת̺Ŵĺۼ
ԭûнƷģƷֵޱȣ֪ԼܲǶ֣Ҳû𾪹
ڳƷǹԶ֮ϣѧҲԶҪǿ̫ˡ
أ
̩һƺߣ˲Ӧ˳ȥֱӱɳУʧȥս
һȭ˷̩֮󣬳ƷֱӾͷˮȻղˮﲻﲨƷʱû˿ϧ뷨ֱӷֱһ˹ȥ
һƷ·̺صУɲǼĹ򣬾Ѿˮ񳱸˸飬֮лΪУֱɢ֮С
һֱĵˮؿڣֱһ˲ĳһӡˮ˳ȥ
ˮһҽУ˲䵹˳ȥ̩һʱʧȥսˡ
һߣʱɵĹѾûʱóƷˣɲǼ䣬Ѿȫ
ʱڳƷѪɫһɼΪа֮зӿһףһӰС
ħ˼ͼ
ԴӳƷָʵ֮ԭܴ򿪵ɽͼռȻҲܹˡ
еħ˼ͼҲȻܹá
ħ˼ͼƷʲܸߣҲͨķѣҲÿ˭ʹԳƷΪ˵޵С
ֵõħ˼ͼҲܹΪµܡ
Ĵ󴸣ɵĳǹûܹƿħ˼ͼķͳͳ赲
ã
˼ɲǼ䣬ѾӦҪˣȻʱ򣬳ƷɲǼ䣬Ѿɱ˹
ֱӷ־һĵĴ֮ϡ

һ޴ĽĴ˲˳ȥݺ䵽˵ϣͬ׹һ㡣
˷ϣȻһ޴Ĵӡֱ£ǷֲѰĽȻƷҳһӡ
ϵĻѾױ˿Ѫأǲ˼飬ԼȻıƴ˳Ʒ
Ʒһ˲䣬Ѿǰֱһ飬ֱӷϳУ
ɵʱֻоëΪ֮ǰôȻֻʣһˡ
æ̳ǹâͼ赲Ʒ˭ϳƷֻһȭһ޴Ľɫޣǹâ˺ѿ
³һֱӱƷɳУ


1276 ĳˣ
Ѹײڶ֮ƾѾĻ⼸һĴȴ˳Ʒϡ
ʱ˳Ʒ֮⣬ΨһһվŵˣҲֻˡ
۾֮ͫ΢΢ţ쵽˶ĺĵزˡ
Ʒ֮ǰ˵ˣʦ̩Ķ֣ȻԴҲǽŽɣǵճƷնڰ׶ʹʱµӢʵ̵̫ĻѹҲô׵Ļ
ȻȵƷոմչ켸֮ף֮ǰƷûһǰĿǫ˵
оƷ𵱳ͺڰ׶ʹսʱ򣬱ҪӿֲĶˡ
Ʒնڰ׶ʹʱȻҲǴͷβѹźڰ׶ʹ˸޷֡
ȻȴȻû㣬赭д֮ͻ˰벽ĸ֡
ָоľݣǾǾᣬһжڳƷƿصķΧ֮С
ɽ¶ˮⷴԵóƷǿ£
˺ܿҲǱɳȥ֮󣬶ûеһʱΪҲͬƷ𺳵ˡ
Ʒû֣ȻЩˣȻǵĹ˵Ƭ֮䣬Ѿȫָˡ
ˣȷʵ鴫⼸ĴŻҪ
ȿ˵ڳƷѾ޻˵ˣ֮ǰֳƷ˰αװȻһ뷨ûˡ
ƷǿѾӡ̽ĵˣ
ãоʵ̫ˣ̩ЦȻһоͱܣЩ˿ܶȻ˵ȴһѵõ飬Ʒʶһֲľ硣
ӣл飬ȴ˼ˣ֪ûпˮһأˮҲΪ⣬ֻǳųƷһЦ˵
ΨɫѿһЩ̶ʱ޻˵ǵڶƷԾʵ׵ѹлҲ
ƷֻЦЦ˵ɨһЩˣвɵҡҡͷЩӦþǳҫɱǸĶͷˡ
ҡҡͷЩ˱δʱ򶼲Զˣôܿ˵ء
Ƭ̼Ĺ򣬳ҫѾУ֮ˣû뵽У֮еսȻѾˡ
ӵϢ֮󣬼̾Ϳʼˣû˷һǰʱ䣬ȻȻϲϣȫˡ
𺳵ĿųеҲѿЩֽȻȫ˳Ʒϡ
ҾȻô̵ʱ֮ڣ
ŵĿųƷ֮ǰƷ˵ĻڶǸʱ򣬳Ʒ˵ҪȫһǸ顣
ʱֻƷԿ䣬Ȼڿֻ³ƷԿ䣬ȴʵ
ܿ죬ͽµȥͳҫ˵ˣҫʱ¶˼ֿЦĳǱƷֱӳ˹ȥˡ
ҫܿ콫˰ȥȻ˳Ʒ˵һ֮У֮󣬵ұǼ棬Ϥһ£û뵽ֳӣ
Ʒ΢΢һЦ˵Щѱ֮ˣĸǵİȥôʵʵ˵
ҫųƷɵЩƣҪ˵ѱǰСүѱȻЩ벽ĸǰ㣬裬ȻѱνǼʶˡ
ҫмƵ飬ƷȻҲóʲôɵõһЦ㲻ЩԸְɣҿԸ㣬ܣ
ҫ¶˼ּЦݣ˵֪ǲĵƣĵƣҲһĸ֣
ƷʱȻԭǳҫصĵƣҫȻ뱨𣬵վɵˣΪ벽ܹԸĸ֡
Ǹܵ飡
ԭеĸ֣
ȻѾزˣҸҲ޷һγֵĸ֣ǻʼҹĸ֣ǼϺôҲΪ˳͢Ż飬֮ǰǰ۶ʱѾһǰҸոյõϢӦٽϾͻᵽˣ
ҫҧ˵
һΣһҪһ򾡣ҳôĳ𣡡
ȻˣҲͲ˵ʲôˣҪʵʩƻʱ֪ͨһҲˣƷ
ƷƶʵܶԷʲôˣη塣
ö֮󣬳Ʒ͸˳ҫȻ鲢ûᣬܿ죬һϢ˳ƷĶС
ĳˣ
ĵһʱʧˣ
˶ʶ飬ִˣ


1277 Ϲ׷
ĳ˵飬˸еĸ߲㣬ǳҫǵһʱͱˡ
֪Ϣʱ򣬳ҫɫˣ뵽һµĺĳ֪ǵļƻġ
ĳ֣ȻĴȴƻ©
ĳǱƷݺݽѵһͨģϢĶͷĻô롣
ȫƻļƻ˵ٹһĽ
ᾪԷԷҵı
뵽ĳӶˣڴ֮ǰƷѾȻѾĳˣֱӽһεж֮ǰܽĳų
ûдӦΪĳ׽ĳﵽĳ֮󣬺úø
Ͼ˵ףǳƷƷȫĳ˵һһ
Ȼȴֻܺúýĳүš
ǱŲƷ뷨ڿƷĵǶԵģѾ׵ˣ糹׸Ͼɱ
ųƷڵʱ򣬽ĳֱɱ
ĳҹߣ͵ĻᶼĻԹޣı
ǵһʱ䣬ҫͽƷ˸ټ
û뵽Ȼˣһ㶼ϸһᣡҫҧ˵
˼ɫѾˣΧɱ飬ǱŲɹʵ뷨
ټź˸߼ۣճУ
Ҫȱܣź֮жûж֪ˣΪľǱܡ
һ͸¶ȥǸûĻôȵֵı㹻ǵĻҵ
뵽Щ˵ɫޱȵѿ˵Ļ룡
ô죡鿪ڣ˵
ɫѿûҪ˳ΪǺʱ˳ѾˣĳûȥܣôǴʱ˳ҲûҪĳ˳ˣôǴʱ˳͸ûҪˡ
ΪǸ˵ͳͳ
ǣѰͨǣǵƢŶС˼ˣ
壬ӵ鶼з
ȥɱҲˣ
ɫΪѿ˵û뵽Ȼݱ͵Ԥϵȫͬ
˵ľ뵽˵һֻоѣҡ
һȦףԽԷһٻ𣬷ǵûķգһٳ
һôģ˭֪Ϊ̩ѱ䣬һжӰ
˶ʱæ׷ȥȻû֪ĳĶȥˣѾһʱˣһ벽ĸ˵ôʱ䣬㹻ܺԶԶˡ
˴ʱĿת˳Ʒ
ϸ˵ҲΪƷ𣬵ȻûеӺͳƷаģƷֻһѰİ벽ֻƿڴˡ
֮ǰƷ֮ͻǵ飬ʵ̫𺳡
Ʒ˵ʲôǿ
Ʒ˵ţһӡأ֮һҵĲһ棬ȴһϣһӰ档
ȴǱˣĳ
ĳ̤Ŷݹ⣬һ˵ٶȳԶӶݶȥ׵Ķٵ¶˼Ϊ񶾵ı飬дʣҲ֪˵Щʲô
֮ı飬˼ǲҲܹµóˣ
϶Ʒпܴǣ
ǺȻǣƷȻܹ׷ٵĵĳټֶѾԽֶͨˣ

ΪⲢѧǷ
ֻԴַ֮ѾʧˣֻһЩ伮һЩء
ǴʱֻоƷɲ⣬ٿƷѾȫˣڳƷǿ󴫳еĲ²ǵѾǲ²ʵˡ
˵ǿʵʲôͻͽɵģ׷ٷȴԼܹģǿĴвܹĳġ
һȷʵ¶ˣǻ̫ˣƷõĿɲһĴУǳŴʱڶԶĴС
˵ȥ̾޴ĺ䶯
ƷʩչģһϹŵ׷ٷϹŴΪʢʱڣҲֻ󴫳еŲĶ׷
֮ǰͲĳȻҫܾ˳ƷĽ飬ǳƷĳԼľӡǣʱܹ׷ٵõ
Ϸ׷¶˼ϲ⣬漴֮иǷ׷ױһɱ⡣


1278 ǿ
ǶĳȻûʲôøУ֮ǰʲôϵǼȻĳգΣǵôҲĳ
Ͼƶѵ뷨˭У
ȻܹҵǾ͸λðɣܲˣ
һߣ˵
ѾսеشԸ˵֣ǶԸĳǴ´ģοڳô˶ɱôһˡ
ôǿ߾ۼκ͢ҪĿ࿴Уҫ׼˳ʮ꣬ڸǿִ֮
ȻҪǣǾҪóܵ׼
ˮЦһҲûջ̬
ȻˣǾͶְɣ
ҫҧ˵ĳ֣ôĳﱸһҹ֮仯ΪУҲܸŻҷǲΪµġ
޷ȲҪż
Ʒ˵
ҼǵãԭĴ㲻Ǵ㽫ǸչôڲһܺõĻô
ƷĻǰһ˶Ŀɨ˹ȫû뵽ƷȻôһ㡣
Ʒ˵ҪɱֻǾ֮Ͷѣ
Ļ˿ֻһоǾǿޱȣĳôҲκǿߣڳƷĿУܾͺһҲ˶ˡ
˶ûʲô׵ģΪƷ˵󻰣ʵ
ҪɱѣȥǸ˵ĻôãƷƵ˵
ҫ֮˵ãȷʵҲһõĻᣬֻҪȹ˽ϣһλ˵ˣôˣ
ܲˣǵô죿ʱͻȻ˵
˵ɫһ䣬ΪȷʵĿܣǿﲼ޵ϵĻôһоûκˡ
ģҷŹĳ˼
Ʒ˶٣Ȼ˵ΪĳǵĲøôͻ֪˻ʼҹԸ᲻ѳɶ֮ǰһֻɱǣǵȵʼҹˣɱأ
ƷʱҲ˳Ʒ˼ƽĶۣǵĻֻҲѡԼɱ
õĽʽһ˰ˣ
ǸϾҪˣƷˣ룬Ӧÿ֪ҪԸ˭˰ɣ
Ʒ˳ҫȻ󿪿˵
ҫ˶֮󣬿ڵȻˣҾ͸ˣǸ˽棬ԭǴκɵţɹʺҪңȴһҵ֤ݽ𣡡
֮ˣһֱ˺Ϊ˵֣
˳ҫĻ˶ʱȻ
ɣҼǵôһţǺܾǰˣ˵ҼǵҸһʱһԺǲеǿţһҹ֮ͱˣû뵽Ȼû
Ƕ֪Ϊ֮Ҫڴκڻ࣬ǲ֪Ҳ
ҫ˵
˻Ȼ򣬵˵ͷֻ֮мĽϾô˵ܹ뵤ǲĻԵ
ţ˵ؽһҲʲô
Ҳó˫ûκκͽأҽ𣬶潫ɱҪӾ
˫֮Ψһ·˽ᣡ
ȻˣǴһȥ׼һ°ɣϮϾͻˣ
˵
Ʒ֮󣬱ֱӻصԼСԺ֮Уû뿪źΪ֪ս¾
һս˵̩ɽѹһƣǶڳƷ˵ȴʲô
ΪʵѾʵʵĿ˵ͬΪĸֶն
ʵ͵ǿ˺ֹʮͬն
ֻЩ׼ԳԱͨ˸ûʶʲô
һҹ޻ڶһ磬žٶ˳ƷСԺС
֮УƷڵСԺǾرĸ죬Ϊ㣬ԵõƷָ㣬ڳƷ֮󣬳žˡ
֮ͨٵˣЩڳƷ˵ּɽʲô
̶ʱ䣬Ѿóͨһ۷壬˵ʵˡ
أڳƷָʱ֮УһҵĿռ䲨ţһʮӰ˳ҵϷ
ʮӰÿһѹصĿֲܣһ˾ܹסǡ


1279 £Ȯ
ЩֲϢ̩ͬɽһѹ̾ź֮е̾ͳˣЩƽָܹĹȻڽֻЩƾѾȫ֧ŲסѸײڶ֮ȫ߱
ʮжôľˣ
Ʒ̾ͣ˽̵ţų˵Ҫܣ
˵̤һݹ⣬ʧԭء
֮ϣһʮӰͽ°Χˮйͨÿһ˶ȫ֮ͨϵĿֲڡ
벽ǿߣ
ʱ˶뵽һ㣡
Ϊʱĳ²֮ǰûʲôʶĴˣ֮ǰȪڵĺڰ׶ʹǰǸռһ벽ǿ߻жôĿ¡
֮ǰڰ׶ʹǿߣѾֲܿˣڸһðʮˣһӾˡ
һҪǣοôĸһͬǰֻκҪΪ֮Ŀ
ôôĸ֣
Ƕ߲ƣǸʲôʱǵôĸˣ
̫ˣָһˣ
£ĩһ㣬á
֮ϣʮӰ֮УһӿµӰѹȫǣֲѹ֮ж綼֪ˣ׷Զ
һӰԼĪʮģһ£׷ͯգ˿һڱѰ˸Ŀֲѹ
˶ԣʵԸǿ̫̫ˣһϵĴڡ
ȻʮҲǿʲôƬ֮Ψһס
֣
ʱеǿ߶оǿߵܣ̾Ѿ²ˣܹǵĽ綼ɵ÷׷Զ˵ĸֻ˭ء
˵ɫһӱˣǰ벽ǿߣ֮ǰͺͺڰ׶ʹ֣Ѿô¿˵֮ͬһ㡣
˵еĸǰ˵һ֮ǵ
棬ҪʲôѵҴκײôʱڳķ˴ǳŭ
ֱǵΪȻɱϴǣһǱ٣ڴκ˵мΪҪĵطκ¶Ϊ֮ŭ
ߣȻն㣡
˵ˣ϶Դκɵ֣Ͼκ֮ǿƣжǿߣֻԼо˵ҲеñĸֵĴڡ
ûʲôܹܵκȫһѾûʲôµˣЩ֮ҲѾһѾηˡ
ƾκΣѵܹκңЦҽȫȫµľѪͻǣֺαҪڴκأȥ˽ʺʺ£κһ·һ
Ļֻо󱳷ȫڲʵ̫ˣȻҪǶˣԹԼ
£ºħôôˣʣκ²ݵı
һǲôǸղ˵ǰ˽ʺôǻûʲô취
棬ҲǴκˣ񹲷ߵ飡
ǳķ򣬴ǳһȡ
κţʱҪ̸ʲô֮ͬôҧгݣһ˵˵ҾҪôмȮѪɺӣ
һߣҲʱ䣬ΧѾǲ˽磬ʱ㹻˭ߣ
ĻΪֱ֮˿·
ʱŽת˳֮С
ҫʱΪβ㲻ıôˣҵ뿴ҪôɱңɱңҾҪԼ֮飡
棬㹴ʺͼңҴκͿ̿һжǾȡѣʱһӰȥȴǳҫ˭ء
ֻǳҫʱɫޱȵѿȻԼҲû뵽Ȼˣû뵽ǣ֮ǰĻʼҹϾȻû
ٷϻͿ̿ҺθɣǳɱȫңҾҪѪծѪһֲѹѹ


1280 룡һɱĳ
̣ҫ͸оһɿֲѹһֻһץסҪץһ
ֲ̫ˣ
֮ǰȫ׼оԼ̫͹ּĸ֣
벽ĸֻӵһЩֵֶΣǱ߱ʵȴǴﵽ˵ֻǶһЧҪѰͨҪߵĶѡ
ǵȷȷʵʵĵѰܹᲢ۵ģ
ֻѹѣͨ߶εĸּȥȫļⶼҪһ
ôôֲ
ҫҪˡ
ʱأһǿϢʹź֮б˳飬ɣ̩ˮˡ
ؼʱ˳ˣİ벽ƽ˳ҫȻ͵ǻ̫ԶˣǺôҲù޻֮ĳҫ
þ֮󣬳ҫһֻǴʱɫ쳣ѿҲ죬ʮңңš
ǵɫҲһƬ࣬𵱳ƻΪӵĻҪӶӣԭļƻǸʼҹնɱ˭֪Ǹʼҹûȴˡ
ʮ벽ĸ֣һҪĿǱĸҪüһҪԺüͬĸ֡
ͲǶˣټĻǾ͸Ǽûκΰ취Կˡ
ֱһľ棡
Ⱥ֮ҲĿĳӰ²һĳȻȥͶ档
ĳ㾹ȻұǣѴκļˣ
ҫһ
ֻҪ˶ɱˣ˭֪أĳЦһ˵Ҿ֪Σǽʺ֮УļҵʵһԻķˮ𣡡
ǸһңǶɣ
ĳЦһ˵
뵽Ʒ׻ܣ飬ĳϾ¶˼Ϊ飬ֻޱȵĳ졣
ƷǸСأΪʲôڻϳĪô
룡
أֻһʵȴһâƥϯ˲Ѿĳš
أ
ĳԴһ˲ը˿ԶԶȥһըһ޷Ӧ֮
ʷٶ֮죬ûи˷Ӧʱ䡣
ˣȻ޼ĳҲ֪Ҫô֮նɱĳҲǸ飬ֱ췽ҹ̷
Ȼȴ֪ˣҾǵƤӵ£
һжѣ
һѾʵΪǿĳɱˣ
˭ɫһӱˣ˾Ȼɱˣڴ
ղŻҪ¾ھȻ˵棬նɱһ¡
ĳΣѾ˵Ͷһ벽¿ɲǺշģЩ˸ҰĲѱҪǳɲǼ򵥵顣
Ʒ
̲סΪһҲֵ֪˭ˡ
ʱʵֵģ˳Ʒ˭ء
Ҳһ˳Ʒ
֮ǰǻԳƷʵʮּɵȻڿƷʵԽǿǲŻԽȫ
ţһӰźз˳ȴǳƷ˭ء
ǸƷҧ˳ƷԼ̫ˣ֮ǰĳ˵ڳƷ飬ֻѹûнƷ
Ȼĳ֮УƷǿĻҲսܡ
Ҳóĳ˺ܶ飬ĳԼǱƷо͸˵飬ĻУֱǴ©ٳ
ΪԼܵĺſ˳Ʒʵˣ
һ㲻Щһͬǰʮ벽ĸҲΪġ
ֻû뵽ոռ棬ͱƷһ
ҾǳƷƷɨһ棬֮ƽΪľˡ
֮ɱҲˣ㵽ڣȻ
ãããҵҵɱˣһɱ㣬Ҫĥʮʮҹ֮ãܣ
ŭŭһ˵
Ҫĥҵȴ㣬ɱ㣬͹ˣƷȻ˵˿Ļϡ
ɱңƾ㣿Ц˵ǴŻڳǸʼҹǰɣǱˣΪѾˣ


1281 ǷҲһ
ɫһ䣬Ϊ˵ģʵĵơ
ΨǸʼҹǰܹԿ档
ǸʼҹĴڣܹ֪Ⲣ֣Ϊĳǡ
ɫǣ˵Ӧõ˵Ǹʼҹڶûе
ȵȵ档
ԭ򣬾㹻о÷ëˡ
ΨһĽǣǸʼҹˣһʱӦøϲˡ
ûе򣬿Ƕᱻ¸¾ˡ
Ϊֲĵط
֮ǰ̾Ҳ˭֪ѾҺ·κףѵɱʺնɱô
ԭȫƣ
ҫҧгݵ˵
ǻҪڱϷⲻ֪ʵǰƸ۵Цһ˵
ҫЩУɱ㣬˽ҵĶԹˣȮ
һ
ֻгҫΪҫ̫ǿˣֻΪ˫ĳԹˣδϡ
ĵ֣ʲôνţȻƷҲĳ˵ˣųš
Σźǿ߲һǻȺŵġ
νţ֪ɱ˶ˣһνҲֻزһֿԣ
棬ҿҲҪԶ֣ģǰɣǸгƷģ˴ĺôҵҪмֱ죡
ʱһ봫ͳκ˲ͬĸ׳Ŀվ˳
ĿƷʱ򣬷·ڿһ㣬Цſˡ
ãȻ붯֣Ҿ㣬ұԽĥʮʮҹɱøˣ
Ц˵
ʺĸ֣ƷǸĿӣϴżִƷܹóżΪ˵ɷ֮
ɱף⣬ڽʺ֮УʱڽУڽʺ֮УһСĲһСľͿܸ
κ֮еǿߣɱ˵ȲЩʺĸ֡
Ǵκеţϲľɱνˣ
ǽʺĸЦЦ˵

ƷЦһ˵
ĳסһУܵסô
ǽʺĸЦһ˵ҸĳַȣĳҲҵĶ֣
˵ǷƷ䣬͵һʧԭء
ǽʺĸ֣ʱǰһֻоƷһʧԭأٶȳֵʱ򣬾ȻѾǰ
ǽʺĸæһȫķڶ˿µսϯ
Щսڿȴ޷赲סƷĽŲƷֻǼ򵥵ָΪֱӹա
޿ƥеս˲ͱи˿ǽʺĸָӦͱնͷ­
һз̫ˣֻɲǼ䣬˻δӦʱ򣬳ƷѾʺĸնɱ
˵ûȷʵǸҲһ
Ʒ赭д˵·ղնɱĲһ벽ǿߣֻ·ߵ϶ѡ
˻
Զ֮УһһӰˣȴǱˣǴǵĳ
һŻӣһĻɵõһ
ڶˣ
ǳƷɱĵڶ벽ǿˣ
Ʒ֮гŲ˼飬Ʒսͣնڰ׶ʹʱʵԶˡ
ֻǸʱ򣬳ƷֳʵȻܾޣԿ϶ԶԶȲڡ
ʱԺڰ׶ʹȻҲƴͷβѹȴͥŲ֮־ͽ벽ǿնɱˡ
Щĸ֣κһô־ۼֱѡ
ڳƷǰȴ·ʲôһ㣡
ֹǴǳҲɴ۾Ʒ콻ֵʱӿֲˣ˵֮ǰƷóȫڲǳƷʵ
κˣ㾹Ȼɱ˴ʱʮ벽ĸ֮У֮ǰĽʺĸֲվ˳ɷϢգһԭʼĽϢסȫǡ
˷·ڹϵսһ㡣
ЩȻ˴˹ϵδغܺãǴʱƷȻɱǽʺĸ֣ʱŭ
û˼̫ˣǽʺĸֶôôɴһϺˣƷЦһ


1282 ͥŲɱ¾
ƷĻ䣬ʱȫһļž˶ɵˣ֮еĳƷ
ֻޱȵİ˵˵˵Ļ
Ȼǲ֪ʺʲôҲ֪Щ˿϶壬Ǹղ滹ŻҪȫ¾Ǻ޵ġ
ȻһˣǸֻֿƾ׸
ڳƷҲ£ֱնɱ
ʵ̫ˣ
ǼʺĸǳŭˣƷĻǿǣЩʲôƢ֮ˣȫɱͷ˳
˸ûֻֿоǰһƬս˳׳У
ɫѿ֮ǰ´˰죬գۼ䱻Ʒնɱ֣Ǹǽʺĸ֡
ĳ˱ҲˣǴǣ˽ʺ֮һǿĲ塣
뵽ɫӲÿˡ
˶ҲûãûпҰˣ
ƷЦһЩʺĸ֡

⼸ʺĸּ˲ѾЩʺĸֶǶսĸ֣ǵ֮гŨŨսķ
һֱγɾеĺϻ֮γɵԶԶѰİ벽ĸ֣ܼ
Сģ
ҫʱоһƥеĿֲ˿
֮Уʺĸֽ񷻯һսսһ޴Ұ˵˳ȻȻγ˶ǽѹơ
䣡
Ǹ޴ҰֻһӾͳųƷȥ
񷶼֮¶
ƷǶҲ·ɵһ

ݺ䵽˳Ʒϣֻһһ޴˾޴ɢ
漴ȴ㵵ĿƷȻ˿ƾ䵽ԼϣڴƷһ˲䣬һһı˿
ˣС
ƷһָɲǼ䣬ָⱬһĽɲǼ佣âֱӶǸҰˡ
䣡
ǸҰ˵ը˿
ۣ
ۣ
ۣ
Щʺĸˣ׷һھѪ˳Լ󱻳Ʒһиˡ
ǵ֮л˸Ų˼飬ƺû뵽ƷȻܹĵز
£
ǵԺ֮Уֻһͷ˸Ǿǿ£
һֲƥеĸоָоֻһֵϣôܻڳƷأ
໥һۣʱһ˾ʹһƴˣѪ䣬
⼸̾˶Էʲôԭ֮ϣΪ׺һ䷨ʩչض𣬿ֲޱȡ
һʩչҪĴۣǱƵϣҲôʩչ
˵ȫɢѪɫĹâԭѾ˿ֲսһ˲˺üΣÿһѷɫںڰ׶ʹȺڰ׶ʹҪǿ
ֱֹ֣ӻһѪɫ񳱳ųƷɨ˹

Ʒ˵漴֣һֱֻץһ񳱣ֱӾͽһ񳱸ץƬ
ôܣ
⼸˸޷ţԼĹԳƷʱ򣬾Ȼôһ
ʱ򣬳ƷѾһ˵ǰָΪһͽһ˵ͷ­˳ȥ
һж˵ļ򵥣ƷͥŲ֮䣬һ
նɱһ֮󣬳Ʒûκֱͣӳ˶ȥ
ֻж֮䣬һ㣬ɾű䣬ƷҲܹʩչɾűһЩǳı仯ѡ
Ϊɾűʩչ߱˵żߵҪ
ȻȴͬˣƷܹʩչ͵ѧʱ򣬸ͬն
ͥŲ֮䣬Ѿһ˵ǰ
ͣ
һâɲǼ䣬ֽһʺ벽ĸնɱˡ
ס֣
ʱҲסˣóƷɱȥǻ˵á
ԺҪڽʺ֮㣡
漸ɲǼѾɱ˳ƷĸǰĹֱӴ͸˳ƷϣӳƷϴ͸˹ȥƷֻһӰѡ
ƷıѾһʺĸǰ赭дľͽͷ­˳ȥ
Ƕ̶ʱ䣬ͱƷɱ֣ʺĸֶʱˣɵҲڿ
ǻ̫С˳Ʒ
ߣˣ


1283 ȫ
ƷڣĶ̫ˣ
ֻѰ˿ƷĶһ㶼죬мǾĶֱɱЩʺİ벽ĸֺƢ֮䣬ͱɱ
ʣµǼʺĸҪתߣȴֳƷٶ̫ˡ
ɲǼ䣬ѾǺ˳һǰ
ͣ
ʺĸֵ屻ֱ롣
ȻƷֱӳһʺĸɱ˹ȥ
һжѾ֮ŸոոǸ׷ϳƷٶȣֻĿųƷһһĽʺĸնɱˡ
ס֣
һһŭ𣬵Ǹûκεôֹ˳Ʒ
ֻĿųƷɱ䡣
Ƭ֮䣬ƷѾǼʺİ벽ĸͳͳնɱ
Щʺĸǰɴ۾ΪһνκĻɽǿԴһѣԼɱ¾ģ˭֪Ȼɥڴˡ
˵ĲһɲǼ䣬ѾƷɱ֮ϡ
ȫǶһļžǸĸָɵһĿųƷأԲš
ֱǼ˹һ
Ʒʵֲ̫ˣѾԽѹļ𣬰벽ĸֱüªĿµֶθնɱˡ
ɱȳƷþֶ֮նɱҪ𺳡
Ƕоֲ
ƽʱֻǸо־ͼɵʱ򣬳ƷȴΨһϣ
Ѿų˻Ҫ¾ʱ򣬳ƷĺճѾΪһ㡣
Զ֮У㼸˶ͷ֮ͥŲ֮ͽǿնɱĳƷ
ɵһڿˮѵǳƷʵô
ͳƷֿɻûжãҪ˵ô̵ʱڣƷͻͽˣ˵ȥԼţΨһĿԾǳƷʵֻ֮ǰһֱʵˡ
뵽Լ֮ǰҪսƷҪһϸ£ǿЦ
ЩǿĽʺĸ֣һܹ¾ȻڣЩԳƷʱȴ˵Ĳһ
ֱһ׵նɱ
Ӽֱز¶֮ǰ˭֪Ȼôֲ
ҲȫһŵӣʱЩ£֮ǰûеƷҪ£ͽƷ
̫ˡ
㣬֮ǰܹѧϰĻԵ
Ů㣬֮мοҲмĽϾÿ˶ܹõ־ĸֵָġ
˳ƷΪεĸˣɲԳƷΪжϵı׼һܹʵġ
ɷ򣬵ǣ
ð˵ôһ仰
ʱˣΪʲôƷź˵ĲмһˣͳƷһȣźӸʲô
Цڴκѫӵ֮жԼ̳оλΪҫⲻ֪ҫΨԼܹԼ
ʲôƨĺǻʵۣƷʱֻҲüӣҪΪϱ
ԳƷͣδǰ;ֱνȨƵʵǰһһ¡
ƷȻʵ
ʱ̩˵ߣɵ˼Ҳһ𾪣ȴм˷ܺȸԾ
ƷʵԽǿܹþȵĻҲԽ
ѹ֮ǰʲôӣ涼ûɫԱ䣬ԭĵĽ˵
Ʒʵ͵ǲ棬Ҳǿɱһ·ģȫͬġ
ֻлȫ⣬δ뵤ĳƷôܹ˵ʵء
ŻеģΣƷͷųеķ
ǲ뵤Ҳôֲô
ֻоԼǰƷһȫĴţԭ㲻뵤Ҳܹǿز
漴ͿЦһ֪ΣûгƷĵز˶ˡ
ʱ֮ϣʺİ벽ĸͳͳնɱĳƷͣ˽Ų棬˵ҪͶĽʺôҲˣ

ֻоҵһȼĿųƷȻƤӵɱˣֱץ
δɵСôýʺǿҪ֮أ


1284 նɱ룬ش
ЩʺĸֱƷ׺ɱ¾ŵˣƽֻǽ˵ײһ˵նҲնˡ
ƫƫ˳ƷƷ׺Զʤǵǵзë
ɱ˵ʱᷢĵЦȫͬƷɱ˾ɱˣһȻĮԽˣԽԵóƷĿ¡
ǾֻƷμڰ֮зֻ˺üӰ
Ӱ
һ˲仯˼ӰǼʺİ벽ַ˶ȥ
ͣ
ͣ
ͣ
ƷһȭһȣֱһָͷͶЩʺİ벽ĸ֡
ЩݺɳǣľĿֲɱԳƷʱ򣬸һ
ȵƷɱ¾ʱȫһƬţܹһĻǿ߶ɵˣƷǵɱ¾ֲ̫ˡ
͵ڰ׶ʹֵʱȣֱ֮
ͬն
Ʒ¾Щ벽ֻͥŲ֮ɵľͽЩ¾
һĻ˲ҪˣƬ֮䣬ʮ벽ǿ߾ѾƷ¾룬ʣµһ룬ȻȻǸ࣬Ҳ֮ǰǰγѹԵơ
ֻƬ֮ѣ
˵ͷʱðһŵ뷨ΣǶţƷֻ벽ѡ
ϾҲǰ벽Ҳ֪ʲôǰ벽ļޡ
ղųƷֳĿֲʵȫѾԽ˰벽˵֮У
뵽Ǽֱ˼ĿųƷ
ǵ֮УƷٲȻѾһˣôģ̥ͿʼҲֲսǡ
ҫһĻʱͨ죬˵ʹ죬ʵ̫ʹˣ
ǿƷǿвһľͻɱЩоޱȵĿֲڣ޲ϴһá
ããã
һ֮˸źȻĹâ
ǿ۾û뵽Ȼʵ
޷ŵĿųƷƺе㲻ţƷȻӵʵ
˶һ֮ǰҲûƷܹǿزһֱڣڷӦƷʵԶ˵
ƾⲻ֪ʵΪܹĵᲢôһ
óƷûڵֵĲȻֻһս֪ΪͻƵ˵ˣ˶ڰ벽˵ȷʵ㹻¡
˵ȴ
ǾԿɣ
ƷЦһ
䣡
ˣϵķ棬·ǽɫһȼգֳױȵơ
ĵ֣ĴڣѾѰִͨǬӲ
һѣ
ȻˣҾն㣬ɱҫ
Ĵֳһץ͵һӶһڹͭɫĳһɿµĽɢɢ˿
Ϸڶ𣬻һ޴ޱȵľ޽һھ޴ޱȵľ޽ÿһĽ۶ɵġ
ǧµĽ۳һµĽâճųƷն
Ʒ̾ѾоԼסˣ޿ӣ޿ɱܡ
ҲûҪӱܣԶԶһھ޽ն˾ҵиشһĿֲ
͵нɽׯȣҪֲ̫ˣͺֹǿʮ
ͬǽ֣һûпȥ˵֪Ҫǿʲôĵز
ƷһɲǼ䣬Ѿˣһ˲䣬ָȭȭɲǼ䣬һȭ˳ȥ
һ˲ͻһ޴ޱȵ޵Ӱ
ɫ޽ػԼ޳
ʲôȭ
һ˲䣬δ֣Ѿо˳ƷһȭĿֲⰢȭҪǿʵ̫̫ˡ
еľֱָ֮ȴ޷ܹõ
ڳƷһȭһɲǼ䣬նĽâͱһȭˡ
ţƷȭȥƲ˹ȥ
ʱһˣĽձɢɢ
ܣôôǿ
淢Լ֮ǰĹ⣬Ʒƾĳطǿнʵġ
ʵԼ˵Ҫӿֲ
֮ܣ
ƷֻЦһ֮˲չһһǰ
һȭʱһ׺𣬺ƹᴩ˳һ˲ϡ
أ
һƺߣ˲䵹˳ȥ


1285 壿ˣ
Ʒȭᴩ˳գ磬ֱӺϡ
޷ֿһƺ֮һѪ˳˲䵹˳ȥֱӺɳ˰ǳء
ʱ˲ڴһ֮ǰ˫ۻҵĿֲ˵ֱ̩ɽѹһ㣬סǵĲӣˡ
ãÿ£
ȿڵǸһ벽ĸֺ֣֮Ȼ飬ôҲţƵĶ֣ȻᱻƷôһëͷСӸӡ
ǵԺֻ֮ðĸ֣޿ƥУ
Ʒԡڽɫȭ֮УһƽɵĸǴսһ㡣
ֻһˣѹȫ
˵ȫڼĲǶ̶Ȼŵģ
Ʒ̫ǿˣ
ʱǲˣΪʲôƷļıˣ
ԭǻΪƷǽϣ˻ʼҹϣΪҲôģԵʼҹûг֮˾ͻˡ
ȻƷȻûָʼҹ
ڳƷ˵ܹŵģҲΨԼˣ
һѪ˳ʱоöˣؿֱֲϮĸоҲõ˼Ļ⣡
Ʒһȭ̫ˣһȭҪؿڴһԴ
ԭӵʵѹ˿
һҲʲô࣬ʱ˫͵һˣƱǣһ˲䣬ϵͭŽȻһӺںϵһ
أһϱŨޱȵĽ˲
ɲǼѣղŵƸ֡
壡һѾ˳ƷĲöԸǿĿ¡
ʩչѹ׵ľѧ
ǿҲնһһεģЦһ˵
ƷĿ֮˸ŽɫĹâ˲ͽֶθȫ͸ˡ
ԭˣ
Ʒ˵ͷ˵
ѾǽǿıΪһ壬ͬʱҲһʮ״̬ӲǿӲĳ̶˺üΡ
ȷʵ˼룡
Ʒȴϣڻʼս֮УмƵַͻʼս֮мصַȣֶΣСƣǲȱġ
Ӧ治֪õ˲ȱĲдƷ
ʱƣ
ںǿԳģʱԽԽǿ޵У
Ʒֻ֮ҡҡͷΪԿܹᲢۣǾǴشˣ
ܹҵ֮£Ժˣ˵ںϽ״̬̫̫֮ˡ
ķڹĵΧγһƬԵĽ
ˣ壬⣬֪˳ԹĿ
ǰЩַ׷׾ΪǶ飬ǰǣҲԹĿ˵ǳ˴
ˣҲᱻ潵ǰˣҪ֪ǣȮǻȫŭκġ
治£ǿɻûǰֲΪġ
е壬ɶ궼ûɹôܣ
ҫʱɴ۾˵
ڳɵ˽ģ֮⣬ˡ
κ͢ɣ֮е伮Ҳ䵽˴κ͢С
йɵҲΪ֪
Ȼ֪֮Уǿһ־ѧ壬ֻԴӳʦԺ󣬾Ҳûܹˡ
ΪȻųɾѧȻʵȴǴڱõ״̬Ϊܹѧᡣ
˶״̬ˣϵĽԽԽǿΪֲ˿ֲĽ
䣡
˲䣬ѾˣֻһȭȻȭʩչȴǻ˽âΪѾԼķΪһ壬˽һһڱ
һȭһŶǽ
һȭֱӳ˳ƷţҪƷմ򱬣Ʒ׵׵Ľŭˡ
ôƷͻһȭֻһ֣ͳһȭȥ
־뵲ҵĹδ̫ˣ
һ̤ǬɲǼ䣬Ѿ˳Ʒĸǰ
㣡
Ʒ˵ֵһȻĵס⺬ŭһȭ
ȷʵǲĹϧĲң


1286 һ
Ʒ־͵סʤһȭ
ʱһܣһȭķҲֻᱻһȭƬôܵ
֮ŵ飬Ҫ֪⣬ǿ֮İ벽ǿߣϳԹ˿
Щѷǿĸ֣ʱ򣬾ȫ˴ֱӱմ򱬡
һУԳƷʱȴǳ˴ˣ
ôôǿ
ֱ˼ĿųƷǳƷǿȣѾЩ
ʩչϾѧ֮ʵҲֻǿǿĴﵽ˶ⷨĲζѡ
Ѿʮ־ˣЩ
û֣ǿޣҲǺǿ·ѣ
ǳƷĳִ֮ǰ֪ƷĴڼֱǹȻܹӲ𣬲ԽѰ
ĺһ䣬Ѿǹô
⻹ô񾭲
ȫһᱻƷ赭дĽ෴ģƷֻҪһΣֱȥֱûа취Կ˫ͬһ㼶ģ
С
ƷЦһ־͵һֱ֮һʵ˲ͱ˳µϢ˲ȫǡ
ۿųƷʵȻһһΣʱо˷·Ҫһɽѹһ
δ˽ֻƶѣ͸˿µѹ
ս鵤ڣ͵һӷӦ˹˲䷢ֱǼ˹һƷս鵤ھѾ㹻ˣȻǳƷʵĽ
ŷӦδе̫ˣ
ƷЦһղʵ滹ΪԼеһƴǲֻǴѡ
䣡
Ʒȫͷ˳㱻ѹȵվվȽŸҪ
ֻоԼȫҪϢˣë׶޷ƷƾƾѾס˲֮ϵ
ʱʶԼߵһµˣ
һѾﵽ鵤ڵĿ¹ǣ
ƫƫΪƷֻѰİ벽ѹûнƷ
ôôֲƴˡ
Ƶ˾ƴˣһŭɱĳƷ־һȭȭµĽâҪƷ嶴
ôǿȣҲһ
ƷűƵ˾棬ֻЦһһֻ͵һץ˳ȥ˲ͽǺĽâֱץ˷飬վը˿޷ԳƷһǰ˺
ȻƷһȥƲֱӳ˹ȥ
أ
һҽУ·ɽһ˳ȥɹ˴ǳأֱײԼµĽ֮ϡ
Ϊ˷ֹܣȴԼĴ
˿һĻɵõһΪǿȫѪԭ᲻ɴݵֱӱƷһƳȫѷ죬һһıѿѪ
ֻǳƷĳһƶѡ
ǳƷʵô֮ǰ֪ĲǱɽһǰ
ֲˣ¼ǿߵֿ϶Ҫôһˣ
̫ǿˣ޻֮
ĸֿһĻֱ˹һ
Щİ벽ĸ֣ǳ׵׵ļ˹һûƷ
Ҳ̫ˣ
뵽֮ǰĻǸոտ뵤ûжãƷȴ滹Ҫ£Ȼ鵤ô򵥣ǳԽ鵤ڵ鵤ڡ
ɲǴô
ƷǴ̥￪ʼҲô²ǣ
ûƷճ鱬ϸը˿ֻоһ㡣
̾һߣ
һߵ壬ﻹ
ߣûôף
Ʒһֻץ˳ȥɲǼ䣬Ҫɴ֮ƣ
־߶ֶΣƽƽ棬ڳƷϣȴӳ˿ȾѧĿֲ
滯һâҪߣﻹ˭֪Ʒɵһֻ
أ
һǱУֻһξûôˣһγƷȫֻһƶѣͽĳ˷飬һѪը鿪


1287 Ļ
Ƕ̶̼жѣ㱻ƷһĳѪ꣬մ򱬡
˲
ʬδɢʱ򣬱㱻һֻץУȻֱûɽͼ֮еģൽ֮ϡ
ǳ֮⣬ڶΪϽൽϵĵ֡
ϣһöȭͷСĹʵ𽥵ĳֵ̺֮ͣżΪֲ
ܹ֮õôһĻ»ᾪ֮Ĵѧң־ܵ϶ѣⵤİؽ
ֻܽһֵĻչвɹá
֮иܱȵϵġ
ȫһƣ
ãܣ
ʱЩǰĸ֣ҪߣǴʱѾˡ
ΪҲȫû뵽ƷٶȾȻô죬ôҲǿ˵֮ϵĿֲڣԳƷʱ򣬾Ȼ˵Ĳһ
ŲסˣɢȥҲü׶ûʲôϵ
˭뵽ȫ汬ĳƷǰ֮󣬾ͱɱˡ
ǳƷĶ֣
ʱǲŸо
ʱܣѾ˰ɣ
ƷЦһһ˳ȥһ벽ĸմ򱬣Ѫȫץɽͼ֮нൽ֮ϡ
Щ벽ĸּ״ﻹͣæ˷Ӵܶȥ
ȻǵٶϵϳƷɱ¾ٶȣƷɱ¾Ŀޱȣһȭһƾܹ׷ǣȻɱ
ЩƽһĿֲڣȴ΢һ¶
Ƭ֮䣬ЩĶ־ѾƷһɱ¾
֮УԸ˵Ϊһǿĸ֣ܹѹ˷ûκô
ʱڴ֮У޴ڲһһĸоΪ֮ǰҪͳͳ¾Ʒȫɱ⣬ҲǾǡ
ǶЩͨϵǿ˵ƷĴڣͷ·һɽһѹؿڣ
ȻƷôײУǣȻǵĸоȴΣա
һѾ㹻ֲˣ־ͽɱ˵ĳƷˣôӿֲĶˡ
̫ǿˣ
ʱһѾȫסˣɵ۵Ŀ֮ϵĳƷ
ҲȻţƷܹǿز
ôģô̫ʵˣ
ڶò˼飬ǽܳƷѾ˰벽սѾķȫˡ
˵ˣƷǾȻ˵ͬ˵涼ǳƷĶ֡
ţţǲ֪ı󾿾ʲôŴˣǿƣɲʲôϢ
ǵ˵
ⱲӼ̫ˣ֪ʱƽӹҲʲô£෴ģƻƽ⣬ԽѰ֪ĳضȷѪꡣ
Ĵκ˵Ҳ֪Ǻ»ǻ£
ʱͷ۵ľͲˣ͢ᱻɣ
ʱҲ˵
ô˵ύţûлģ룬˵
һҪͷˣǱˮ֮оȻһ
˵Щʱ֮Ľ飬ԭźҫĵλ࣬ǳҳ˳ƷǴκҲҪ£Ĵڡ
Ϊκڵ̫κĲˣƷֻҪֳԸͶκҲһֻ֮Ҫ¹ɾͿ
̫ձˣƷͬЩ֣Ʒ̫ˡ
ԳƷս˵СĿ¡
ڴʱĻ԰֮УҫȫڲǲΪ£ǳ׵׵ļġ
һ˫Ŀ֮ڿƲסˣһֱıų棬Ը
Ϊź̫̫ĴۣȻЩۣյĽǺõġ
˸
ܿ죬ȥᣬ֮Уû뵽ڳƷС
ļƻ֮УԭǸûгƷλõģ
˵Ĵɳնɱ㲻⡣
أ˻߸п𾪵ʱ֮ϣһҵĲռھҵķڡ
˶ã
˴͹
ɫ˲ͱˣ֮ǰ˴͹ģھȻҪʼʩ


1288 
ҪУв¸ָ󷨺ͽ磬ֱס˸Ŀռ䣬ǷԲ֮ڶסˣֱӾô͹
ֱӶž˳룡
źԶ꣬Ѿڴ֮˸ָĺ֡
ܹһֲ
©δϣ˳©ڴͶ
һӰ֮ϳͣſռĲԽԽĲֳ˲֮ϡ
ʲôˣȻɱҽʺ֮ˣ
һŭ˸Ǹоɫһӱˣ˶ʶ߲ơ
ˣȻҲǽʺĸ֣
һޱߵϯ˿ɲǼ䣬Ѿǣ
˵֪Ҫǿ϶٣
֮ǰǸо֮һΣոоƺһƱʲôˡ
һǴ֣
еĸּǵһʱͷֱƵĲͬʺĸָӿֲƸΣգ˵֪Ҫǿ϶ˡ
˶Ŀת˳ƷʱΨһϣҲֻǳƷˡ
ֻǳƷʱҲޱȵأ
鵤ڣ
ǳԽ鵤ڣ鵤۷Ŀֲڣ
ǳƷܹ˳뵽֮У֮һϸ£˿µĸֵĶ֣
Ʒ̾ʶˣ˳ϳһֲĴڣڴκ֮Уֻ¶һָ
ӰԻ˳أǳ
ʺ
һ֮еĸ֣ȻδȥʺǶڽʺĸƶȲİ
ʺ֮УλߵľǽʺĴ󺹣ڴ֮¾һ˵ǽʺ̫ӣδ󺹡
ĵݲҲǴ֮λߣ
ʺ˵ʺĵ
ʹκͬʺ֮еλ߼ȫϵľ֣ˣԽʺΪпȨλ˵ɱȴκȨλҪѪ̫ˡ
¿Ǽҳ㷹ʵĻʱضܱɱ
Խʺ˵ǽʺǰλǿ֡
濴ѾǿˣȻʵϣֱСˡ
˵ֱӳˣֻЩӰڴκ߾ߣ߾ϵĸٴС
ھȻֱͻ˴У
֪ݵˣоޱȵľ
֮ǰ滹гƷܹԸ
ȻڽʺԳǳƷҲĶ֣
ȫ͹ڣ
Ʒ֮бһɫĹâ
ȫ͹һ˲䣬Ͷˡ
ȭ
Ʒ۳һɫ޾ȫĹȫȫͷ˳
֮ǰԸʱ򣬶ûй߾ȫΪԸ棬㲻ȫҲĶ֡
֣Ʒûκΰգ
Ʒֻ˵תӣ
ʵֲ̫ˣ
䣡
һȭֱӾͺϡ
δȫԻӰϣ¶˼־ŭӵ飬£ּĹݡ
Ȼڣ͵ʱͿܳĹˣ
̾˾ֱ˻ȥγһռ䴫͵һֱ˻ȥ
Ӳӣ϶ش
ƷȵҲᣡ
һȭӰգƷһֻ˲仮Ƴա
죡
죡
죡
Ʒٶȿ쵽˼£ֻһ˲ͺ䵽ǿռ֮С
ȹ̵Ŀռ䴫ڱƷһȭᴩռͨͿʼֱӱ
еһ˲ͱĿռϯˣΪҲ㱻ռ֮˺ѳ롣
⻹˳磬ǸղûзӦֱӲ˳Ʒһ£ֻ¾ͻڱĿռ֮ͨС
ڿռͨĵطΪﵽʵĲΣ˲ܹһռֱͨ·һ
ҲŹģ
ŭһŭſռͨҲ˱
ǲһѾʧӰˣŶĻǱĿռͨ
˼״һղŵĸоֱǾ
ֻһ˾ܽ¾Ȯ
ڳƷʱ̹ϳֱ֣ӽˣ˿ռ䴫ͨ
Ļֱ룡


1289 ָ㣬ϲİ벽
Ʒһȭˣǳ֮ϵĿֲϢɢȥ
иִʱŸոһ·Ǵӵ֮мһ
漴˾͸ޱȾŭΪκǣǻû˴Σ
˵ڻе£ֲĴһ͹ǺεȾ˵ĳ档
źҪˣ
˵Ժ֮Уֻʣôһ仰ΪƷĴڣź˵ʣǶһǰδеĸ
֮Уһĸ֣ȻԴһһ죬źڴκ
һսĻȻ󲨲ŲǸոտʼͶѡ
źڵܻ԰֮Уҫ飬ɣ̩ˮƷԶ
Щ֮УƷȻСֱȴǵʲõλ֮ϡ
ԳƷչֳʵﻹ˸ҽĵһͨͨĺ
˻żֺõ뿴ųƷǴʱѹҲٶԳƷһ˿һĲˡ
ƷζлˣǼôĴڵñ
ҫٱƣȳƷػֱһˡ
ƷûʲôֻǾ֮Ͷѣ
ҫųƷ¶ָм飬ȻףûгƷǣҪնɱĸʾͺܵˣ˵ǵ͵һ˿µĳ̶ȡ
ʱˣ֮ǰƷ˵ģΪʲôһҪڵһˣ¾һ֮гƷʵ˷츲صı仯
ҫʱǳԼûѡӲѡ˵ȴĻ¾ͲͬԲˡ
û뵽ӵʵȻ˵ã֪ʦţعʦܹ̳ĵӣһɣ
ʯﺬЦųƷ˵
üĿ·ڶԳƷŵһ㣬ƷᣬĻҲ˾һ񣬶ڳƷʦУ˶ʮȤ
ƷܲǴʯͷĳİɣһ춯صΪܸһɡ
ҲΪĵĵطǶⷽ沢ǺܹĵĳҫҲĿɨ˳Ʒ
ƷԴ˲ÿɷ֪ʵ¶Ȼ̽ⷽ棬ҲȷʵûȷʦУ˵УҲǳŴʱڵĵʺͻʾ
ǶǶǰˣ
ҲżѣҲ̸ָƷ
Ʒ˵ģɣûǿԼزģУһ⣬ҪǿĴУ֮иֹϺЩǿڿഫģڣؼҲ
ؼϿȫǸû˸˼
еƷʵģôûиţûͷ
ҲóƷԸ˵ҲҶʲô
ǵ⻹ǿʼ˸ָĲ²⡣
ŴɣŶǵĻ֮УǱϾǴκ֪ҲԶһҪĶˡ
һ˶ڳƷĸмĻһǲٽƷƽƽԼ˺
Ͼ֮ϣΪȣ
ƽʱһֿɲһ׵飬㷹֮ˮԼŮӵݿʼƷһЩɻȫǹԼ⡣
ˮô֮벽ĸҲ׷׿ڣԼƷѯʡ
˵Щⶼ̫ˣڳƷ˵ʲô
⣬ڳƷ˵һҶĿѣϵԶѰ˵󣬾Լû򵽵Ĳ֣˵ʵļҪϵЩ⣬ֻǾ֮Ͷѡ
ˮ˽Լ̬ŵĺܵͣƷҲָǡ
漴ˮ˾ϲķ֣Լ⣬ȻƷֽˡ
·ǵֻһһڶô򵥣
ԭҲûָܹõȫĽϾǵ֣Ҳͳͳ˽⣬ÿ֮·ͬҲȷƷ׻᲻Ϊǽ
ֻôõһǰǲԸѣ˭ƷȻ־ͽˡ
࿴ȥֻһ֮ңȥܽ⣬Ǿǲ֪ǿûС˳ƷΪûгƷָ㣬ֻһСҲҪʱſס
οǶǶ֣ף־Ľĵøֶѵá
͹ԳƷϾ׵ļš
ģҫµĴлͱ˳ƷĽᣬһֱһ˵ĵŴ˵ѯʡ


1290 ʼҹľ
һֱ˽ͨʼҹˡ
ͷһˮĿһ۳Ʒ֪ĻΪڿһ
˶ܹ⣬ΪҲĸоʵʵ̫ϧˣ
һǧѷĻᣡ
̶ʱƷָǵļ仰͵ƽʱҪм꣬Ҫʮϵʱ䡣
ֲȱĲԴǴУʱ䣡
ȴҲͣǱǿ϶ֱ˰ǺȥľȻǻʼҹ
֮ǰҫĻʼҹȻʱˡ
໥һۣ
룬ȥ룡
ҫæ˵ʼҹ˲֪ˣķĴ۲붯ģȻûӳʲôãȴ˿
һڳҫĴ֮£һߴ˽˷׷ʺá
ԭǿϣ
ϣ
򰲣
飬ˮ˶ʱæʺá
֮־֮ɫû뵽ҫȻүӸˡ
һӦ˵ǵһ֮еĴǸոճڴκһִһʱ򣬿ϾѾǴκ֮ϺŵĶǿˡ
ͷ֮ʢǲڣǿ˵Ϊһٺ˵Ͷ˴κΪ˻ʼҹ
֮󣬾ͺпˣÿһγ֣ȻҲǷ˴µʱ
Ȼ֪ܹĻʼҹȻһУǼ򵥵ֻû뵽ҫܹ
̩֮еȣźĹϵǰԼ˵õ֮ǰһϺүİ
ȻĻֶԸֵǲ˵ģ
ͬΪĸҪԸ֣ҲǷͬѰһ߲ɲǹǮܹĶ֡
˵ĻǾ˵ͨˣ
ϸոսҲˣֱӿλ֮ϵĳƷ˫ĶųƷ
ЩëòҲƷˬɣȻɴܵ飬Ǳ˵ˣͷ
˫һֽ
ϣǡҫ״æǰ˵
Ʒ·ϾѾ˵ˣϿųƷǣп˵Ӣ۳꣬û뵽Ҵκ֮УȻӢ۵
ϹˣƷ˹˵
ϰ˰֣˵ûйҲعǫҫ֮Уǰģû뵽ȻѾնɱ
˵Ҳ·ϣȻȻֻǱ˰ʱ䣬ֻҪóˣ
ֱԲ˵
ףΪʲôûаʱϵֻҲǱؾ֮·Ȼκβ˿ϣǾͽֻһʱ䣬Ҳ͹ˡ
ڵĸ˵ôʱ䣬㹻ǳ
뵽Ƕֻú󱳷ǳƷͻ𣬵ס棬ɱ棬ԭļƻȵǰǶѾʬѾá
ǿô˵ƺûҪ˼һȻĻһɴܵĿֲ档
֮ͶѣƷ˵
ĿųƷ漴ЦǱ֪ˣҪ˵һǿ˵ȴãȷʵ
Ȼ֮ǰȻѾ˽һʼĩжڳƷѾ൱˽⡣
ʵϣһֱлڴھκ֮Уʱ֪˳Ʒնɱ֮£иޱȺȻ
Ȼֻǳ鵤磬ҪĶˣȻʵϣЩп뵤֮󣬽ȣҲǺܴ
ΪˣһʼŲ飬Ҳûȫİգܹɱ棬ֵһٻɱô
ǳҫţһöٵȡĳ֣ҲδػԸһ̶ˮ
˵ʲôǶ˵һöٵӶʮҪģֵӲƴһˡ
Ȼƿ󷨴ҴҸ֮ȴ֪ѾƷնɱˡ
Īֶûȫİܹ棬شɱһȫ
ƷǵѾˣֲǣõ鱨֮УƷȻǺ׵ľɱ棬ȫ̸Ͼһս
ս֮У͸¶ƷѾԽ˵ڵս
ޱ𾪣һʼ㲻СƷ


1291 ͨ۷
ڿ˳Ʒò֮͸ȷһ飬ƷȷʵǷǳǳᣬôͣΪȴ˵ľˡ
뵽ԼһˣǿҲʧȥ˸һǱ
˫һȣһ˱Ҫĸо
ʱּʵ˵
֮ĪľĻôˣҲһ
õ鱨УȻ˵Ʒ
ˣƷͲֻǱּΪɫôˣһԾΪ޿ƥе
ǲҥѣֻǴ͹ĹбҴˣƷʵǵֱ˵
ȻˣǿϲûС˳ƷֻǴ͵ĹбƷˣ֪ѶȣĻܴϵĴ͡
ΣƷУѾɲӡ
ĸֻ֪ܹ֪ƷԨһɲʵ޷Ʒʵ
Ȼˣô¾ͲܵжԴһ˴Ϣص۶ó͢緽רңޱҪ¹Ľ磬Բٶȷ˵뵽ɱκأʱֻоȫ󱳷
ҫҲһĵ˵ͷʾͬ⡣
֮⣬ǸĳǻˣȻҹʺϢѾ˵۶ˣļҵĴѾ·ˣ
ϼ˵
˵˵ͷ뵽ĳıѣҲͬ޵ģЩأĳ³ǶǾȡ
ļûĳıӻεסκƽѴֻ¾һȫû³Ѽˡ
ͬΪ벽ĸ֣ǶٻеĸоΨгƷĻ벻ġ
ֻǴҴͳƷһ֮󣬱뿪ˣȻսѾ˽ᣬǴȻ󲨲ŲǸոտʼͶѡ
ƷԲܲˣǿΪʼҹȴܲʰսβ
ƷԼСԺУһεջ
һսƷһնɱʮ벽ĸ֣ĸ֡
ջȻСǵʬ׶ƷߣķϣȻҲû˸ҺͳƷƽЩʬ׵䣬ϾǳƷɱȻдȨ
Щʬ׽ϣɹһöʵò˶ãϽĹʵͻ죬ʱƷΪܹ˳µĸһˡ
Щ֮⣬ջ񣬵ȻǵǬڵʯˡ
Щǰ벽ϵһĸ֣ÿ϶ӵǧƷʯ
ЩʯƷջƷʯһսջͳȫۡ
֮⣬ĵرҩ֮㣬ֵҲʮ־˵ġ
ʱɽͼĿռ֮ڣƷڱҩɽǰĴץɽͼռ֮ڣѻɽƷʯͷ˹ֱըѿ̺ҲǾֱ˹ӿ뱦ҩɽ֮С
ʱҩɽƷеĸҩڶ̶ʱ֮ڣѾ࣬Ǳһ쵽˿ոĵز
ǱҩɽΪãֻҪ㹻̵ܹʱڴҩġ
ʲôҩĵ滷ڱҩɽ϶ܹģ
ϵҲʼɢһĹ㣬Ĵ֮£һöҲʼ𽥳죬ȥò˶ãܹ졣
ͬʱƷҲڲϵʩչɵش󷨣ЩƷʯ֮е
һһƯɽͼĿռ֮УȻֱӿƷ֮С
Ʒ֮ÿһë׶ڴ򿪣ӿС
һˣͱЩˣǳƷȴͬĻʼսǿޱȣƾƷ㾪׵Ȼܹǿг
ƷһתתĹ
һۿɼٶȻΪĹͬʱڴԼĻʼսһ
زʼսҪһ˵ϼѣһڶʯķӻģǻʼսԽҲһ˵ٶ
ֻ˿ˣ϶ᱻһܼӣ
һַЩʯʿ϶ǿϺֻܶ࣬ʱҪϺܾðˡ
ڳƷ˵ʱҪԶʯ̫̫ˡ
֮󣬳Ʒַжͣ
Ʒ͵һ۾һɿֲķڶ
ڿͨ۷壡


1292 ʵ
֮ǰͻƵʱҲֻǸոտͨضѣƾƷʯƷڳɹԼΪѵͨ۷塣
ȷʵֻܹöݣ
ƷõһڶƷʯʵϱҩɽһҲֻǧƷʯʣµȫһͳͳˡ
һƷʯڱ˿ֱǲ˼ģܹӵôƷʯҲô̵ʱڽƷʯȫ
ǵҲᱻű
ǳƷôˣǱ֪ˣ̻Ȼ󲨣
ԳƷʵ˵鵤ڵĸָ־ͿѹΪͨ۷֮󣬻ķ̶һ
ɱ䣬ԶԶֻˣĻʼսҲ֮ǰһС硣
˵ԭĳƷͽֽƷĻôڳƷܹմƷ
ѰĹͲں
ֻǰһСѣζųƷʵһ޴ޱȵı仯
Ȼֹ֮ͣ˼ͻƣϻΪЩƷʯѾƷ˸ɾ⿿ھۼ󷨸޷ΪƷṩ㹻õ
Ʒʯʱٶ˵ͨؼĹ΢΢ġ
ȻҲΪƷĹ̫񣬲ͨͱѰĹҪ
ƷҲżȵϵһö죬Ʒ̷֮ȻȻ˳¼ͻƵͨء
ң֮󣬲ΪֵʱҪʼΪ鵤ͻƵŬˣԳƷĵԴʱȻԴ
ΪˣˣƷͣ
ȵƷˣп˽⵽һսѾĻˡ
УɱһսӰҲƽϢˡ
ֻڱ϶ѣ֮УźĵλҲ˷츲һı仯
Ʒһսɱ棬һȭһսƷҲ£Ϊǵһ֡
һ˵ٶȳκɢȥ
𵱳һսսƽ͵ʱӰ֪˶١
Ͼ벽ȻųһǵӰҲֻһȫ˵ָʵ̫̫ˡ
ǵκ˵ԶǷëǣÿһȫڴκϹΪ֪ĵ֣Ҳһ֮ѡ
κĵλǲϣÿһǾأӰ쵽͢Ƶǿƴڡ
Ʒǳ˴ʱκУΪ˹Ϊ֪ĵ֡
ǲ֪ƷֻսͻƵ˵˵ʲôֱء
ڿڿഫ֮УƷȻµ˵ͷ
ƾųƷһս֮еľ˱֣źҲͳеġ
ƷڱչҲˣҲҴųƷźȴͬˣƷζǳźĶź˿ܡ
ҫҲʹţΪҪӦЩ£ͬʱܶˣƽＴźֻŹĴڣھȻһһˡ
ЩڳƷʵҷǼˣ˵Ҳսս
ȻӰֻǸոտʼ֣ɳƴʦڴκ֮пɡ
Ӱôֻڴˣ
ԴˣƷǲôģҲͬǸ߸ϵĴѾϰˡ
Щǣڽ֮󣬳ҫĽΪӡ
Ѿϱκ񲿣Ŀǰ񲿵ѾˣҪǰ۶ܿˡ
κźǿźպսܹõźľλѰѫӵҲˣȷľλ̳ˣκһϸĿ˱׼ȱһɡ
ܹͨ˵ıȻһ
ڳűҲټϾƷ⼸µĵ̣һʵҲѾͨأͻʮȻȲóƷȴҲҪͨûʲôѶȵġ
˽Щ֮ȴǰ棬һѾڸеȺЩˡ
ƷЩ֣ʲôĿ˻ڸһֱȴ
һ˾ݷһֱڱչأҲͷ뿪ˡ
ܿ죬ƷͼǸˣһеĵӡ
ӿƽƽ棬ǳƷȴܹпըԵȻҲһͨأز¶ĺ֡


1293 ƷĲ֮
ȻʵڳƷǰʲôҲΣ˵ܹĵزȷʵʮѵõġ
κεطƵſˣ
ʵȴƽƽ֮£ǳƷΪԶԶѰ˿ĵһֻۣΪֻһѰ˶ѡ
֪ǣƷʵ
ܵ˾ʯʦ
еĵæ˵
ип֣˾ݼƷʱû뵽Ȼᷢ˷츲صı仯
ܵ˾õ鱨֮УƷֻǰ벽ѣѾ˾֮Ϊǳˮ˭룬ȻǳƷʵļޡ
ϵ˴ǵʱ򣬲֪ƷȻֱնɱҲһֱܵ˾ͨܿǰǿС
һȭڴУҪˣ
ʵϣսԳƷ˵ȷʵǲ۲۵漣ˡ
ԭ˾Ϊܵ˾˾Щ벽ǿҲҪܵ˾ӣô𽵹Ľύһе㲻ʡ
ڲףʲôı㣬ʲôĿⶾ
ƷսȻ˵֮У
ʲôĸκһֵĳ֣κ𶯣ֻҪûе㣬δضΪκһĸ֡
ԳƷͣδʶκһҲûпܵġ
ѹ˾߸ϵĴﶼҪ𽵹ˣȻڲ˵𽵹ύˣӦ˵ǰ£ͽˡ
ܵ˾֮Ѱİ벽ȷʵ֮ΪУǵǾȫͬˣǳκ֮ϸ߸ϵĴڡ
Ʒ˵ͷܵ˾飬ʵϣκܵ˾Ȼ鱨ϵͳ뷽棬Ǹѫ󳼵ļУв֪̽ǱУҲǹˡ
˵κ鱨֯
ܵ˾˾ǺڰеߣѰİ벽ܵ˾˾ǰʲô˵ɱɱˡ
Ȼǰһܵ˾Ҳ㲻ʲôǳ˳Ĵڡ
ԭܵ˾ˣ֪ܵ˾˼νأƷʵ
ǷǼ˾֮Ҫʦǰ۶һУʯæ˵
ڳƷǰ˿ĻɶԷֻҪһܹ׵ĽԼɱ
۶ôƷ۾漴뵽һ飬ʵѾȫָˣȻҪʼѰ˼䡣
ڴκбϾͬżΪ磬ֻҪԸɾܹҵ˼䣬ڴκ֮Ҫ뽫鱨չôҪֱǲġ
˵ܵ˾鱨磬ķ
ҲܾôһСæ
֪ˣȥ˾һл񣬶Ҳǰ۶һУ棬ϣܹһСæƷ˵ͷ˵
ʣ֪ʲô飿ʯҧʵ嶼΢΢³ƷͻȻŭ
ĸȻӴĲ࣬Ҳ֪Щϲŭ޳˲һֻҪʲôô
ܾһʱ𣬲ҲͲˣҪʲôô
Ȼǣܵ˾ɲˡ
ģΪǵģǰһˣܵ˾鱨鲼κ⣬˵ӦһС˼Ʒƽ˵
ƷûͻȻʯ΢΢һֻ˵Ļ˵ȷʵСһ޷Ǿ´øصϸעˡ
Ȼˣȸˣ
ʯ
ţ
Ʒ˵ͷ
뿪˳ƷסСԺӣʯһȻƷʼҲûаǶ˵ȴ˾ʱоҪ¡
˾֮Կ£ҪΪĺպԳƷʱȴһ
ȫȫԽʵĿֲڣȻܵ˾ҲλȨأȴһζûмּĴڡ
ףΪʲôܵ˾뱨ϣ뵤ĸΪˡ
Ǿһŵּĸ֣һһĪܡ
Щܹ˵ģ
ʯľսͬڳƷ˵鲻ֻһСѣܵ˾˾ҲûзϺοֻܵ˾֮һ߼ɲѡ
ע
Ȼ֮ǰһսನŸոտʼͣ
ڴϷһ޴Ρɽ֮ǰһȺڣֻ̤һɽ֮С


1294 ļ׷깫
һȺˣˣСŮˣǸΪģȻڣʮֵǱ
ȻЩ˸ɣһ·ɱò׿һ޴ɽĵؽ硣
ֻоѾþȫԭޱȵ۴ʱĲС
ܵһɽɽ£ڵѾĴˣѾܲˡ
һŮӲ֪֮УᣬԳʲôʱԹĿʲôʱܹ
ڣ̶ʱ֮ڣҲֻʣôˣʣµѾȫ¾
һУԴǸˣ
ƷһҪŮҧһԭƯ¶˼顣
СˣϢһ¸ϽɽɣʱɽǸƷôļܵһУҪҰٱʱһ߰ο˵
ѪծѪ
£Ȯ
һҪƷʬΣ
ЩʹƷʱƺҵ˻ȥĶֳ֮һ㡣
أʱԶһ󼱴ٵǼ˲䣬һϰ˵ǰ
˶ɵˣǰһУ
Щʿһ£ÿһŨŨɱ֮С
ˣܵ˾ʱ˾ֻоȫˡ
Щˣһ£һΪÿһ۷ΪµսҲǵеսһЩ޵ѪĿÿһƥ켶ĸ֣Ѱ޶򲻹Щ
ϰȴǧƣʮ־ˣ
Щ˶ʱˣΪ̫Щ˵ĿֲˣǶļҵ
֮ǰǻǸ߸ϵҵĴţΧ鶼ҪǸ߸ϵˡ
˭ֻ֪һ֮ļҾͱΪ棬͢ƽѴɱļұɱ˸ѪɺӣֻӳģΪҲҪĿ꣬Բûרиֶҡ
ǻһܵ˾һ·׷ɱǣһ·ϣѾ֪˶ˣòȻֱ׷ˡ
Ǳ۾ƺ뵽һļбɱѪɺӣʬɽѪһĳ
һֱӳ֮ǲ֪ԭǵļȻʺı߸κ
뵽Ƕʱ޵ģǳƷ³ô
ڴĳʺҪѪϴǣǿʲôأ
ֻһЩһѣôܺᲢأοûɱô
ҾȻ¾һգ
С㣬ǿߣȥ棬ֵ
Ǹͦ
ǲƬ֮䣬ϰѾǵǰ
˾ͨȫҿɱ⣡ʱһͷܵ˾ĸֱӿڴһ˵
ʱȴһӰɽ̤Ŷݹ˳
ȴһԼĪŶʮµˣһ£ƮƮݣһ
ֹǸֱЩܵ˾ǰ档
Щܵ˾￴һǸˣʱϳ˵ֻо󱳷
׷깫ӣ
ǸΪ׵ܵ˾￴ʱһ
ܵ˾ųȫ鱨磬ڸǿȻİȻǵ˾֪Ĵڣһ֮УҲĪųһʮ֮һ
׷깫ӣһ׷޵У֮ͬѷ֣Ϊδпܿ뵤Ĵڡ
Ȼ֪ңҿǸЦһ˵֮ɷ
ܵ˾׷ɱͽ׷깫Ӹһ㣡
ܵ˾쿪˵
һ㣬ʲôҲ˵׷깫Цһ˵
ܵ˾˾Ҷһ죬ҪϾսܵ˾˾
׷깫ӣǸӣȴ㣬ǴǴκôʱ׷깫ô˵ԭټɵ֣ܵ˾Ҳò˵
Ǹвң׷깫Цһű㿴͵һһֻ˳ȥɲǼ䣬ѾΪһֻצݺݵȥ
䣡
ԭڳǧƵܵ˾һ֮У׻Ϊޡ
׷깫ӵǰģ
ҪԶ֣
׷깫ӿûһۣЩܵ˾ĴڶЩļҵ˵Ƕ˵ȴʲô
л׷깫ӣ
лл׷깫ӣ
Щļҵﻹҵæл˵


1295 ҪóƷۣ
׷깫ֻĿһˣȻ󿪿˵ǵ飬ʦѾ֪ˣ±ʦǵģ
Щļҵˣʱϲ⣬뵽Ŀ꣬ҪһλĳɽΪļұѩޣնɱ
û뵽ڻδˣѾ֪ǵԩˣ뵽ǲɵ˼ϣ
ţ׷깫ֻһֶѣֱӾͽЩļҵ˾Ķݹ֮ϣЩܵ˾ûٿһֻۣһЩ϶ѡ
Ƭ֮䣬˾Ѿ̤Ŷݹ⣬һɽϿΡ۴ͬһɽȴһ緱ٳһפء
һ޴ޱȵţ
κϷû˲֪ѧʥأ
ڣ
Ĵκ֮УΪΪ֪ĵ֣ҲǺųκ֮һıλڴκϷĴ
ų֮
κϷ˵һ죬Ӵ߳ĵӣ鲼κϷٶʹйϵ
ڴκϷڵĻȨ˴κٷĻȨһУµĺպ
Ѿ˵֣ڴκϷǴκ֮һ
Ľʦѧ֮˲֪ж٣ʱҲ֪˶ٸ֣֮УͬǸƣͨĸ֮ͬһ㡣
¿ȥܹһֵϢܹ۳һţı丽
֪ڵжôľˣ
Щļҵ˿һĻֻޱȼϾԽǿǱĿҲԽߡ
ϾǴ˵еĳƷɲöԸܹģҲΨдڵˡ
໥һۣ˱˴֮е˼ļҺʹʵԨԴģļϵһĸڴĸס
ʵļӦǴңҲΪһ㲻ԶĹϵǲŸǰ
ܿ죬׷깫ӵĴ֮£һɽ֮УɽУһĿƯڰ֮С
Щļҵ˿ߣﻹ֪ļҲϣ˼Զ
κкų֮һǿڡ
ݼ棡
ļҵˢˢĹæͷ˵
ǿߣ˼Զ۾һˣȻ󿪿˵ǵҶ֪ˣ
Ļǳ׵ȼЩˣЩ˷׷׿
Ϊļ
ļˣȻ¾
ˣļйϵ֮ڵĹϵͳͳҪնɱ
ǼֱˣӶŹ
Щ˵Ŀߣ˼Զһۣβ֪ļҷľʲô飬ѹ飬ﶼվסš
մȾ飬Ҳ𣬴ڴκϷžصӰҲûеܹԴκһĵز
˿ߣļ֮ڵĶҪʱ̲סһ֮ڣ֮ô
Ϊĸ׾ļҵһС㣡
ŭĳ޴ȻҺͽʺᣬβĸɾҲˣȻץ˰ѱĸұκ
֪ˣҲưոݣҪǳƷۣ
˼ԶŭƷȻ˿ӣһȻĸҵļɱ˵ֱǴ
ȫˣΪƷ֪ĳʹʲôϵ֪ˣҲ˿֡
̫ˣл棬л棡
л֣
ļҵĴڿԵñˣ
漴˼ԶֱӶ׷깫˵¾ͽҪóҲ֮ܵʹնźڵ۹зеҵ֣ʮ֮ڣҪźϷȫϾ漰ʲôˣͳͳɱ飡
׷깫ĻǸƷһסˣ
ҾҪƳͷڹ꣡˼Զֱӿ˵
κ͢ǲֱӺͳ͢ϵģĻͻΪκٷждֻ̣ɱһƷûġ
һƷʲô
Ѿ̫ûжˣЩ˴Ѿˣǰ֧Ŀ־ˣ
˼ԶĻļҵЩֻûһ׷깫¶˼˷ܵɫ
ʦģ½ҾˣﻹҪʦ֣
׷깫Ӧе


1296 ƶ
˼Զһ£ڿʼжˣ
ڶڵ۹ϷӰѾ׵׵˳
ֻʱ䣬źκϷĴ־ͳͳնϡ
һж̾κ֮еĺ䶯
ڶԳҶˣ
ôܣΪʲôҪԳҶ֣ⲻϳ
ʲôϳģ֪ڵ˼Զĸ׿ǳļҵأ
¿¶Ҫ䶯˰ɣڱվźų֮һ˼ԶȻұƷͬƳνǷͷ
󵤾ĸҪôʮûôĳѽ
һʱ䣬ڲ²ںͳ֮Ҫҵĳͻˡ
Һʹ֮ûпɱԣʮҰһûдôǿ󣬵˶ΪҺʹᲢۣΪұվŵĳƷ
֮УһǿǿȻйϵģһеĻЩѰ֮ϵĸ֡
ҺڽֵʤģϲǳҺڣǳƷ˼Զ֮ʤ
ȻҲԺᲢۣǳƷȴͬͬйնɱּ¼ĳƷͬС
ھľ֮˻Ǻܿжϡ
ȻƷǿֻ¶˼Զûκʤģ
Ʒ̫Сˣٸʮʱ䣬ʤ˼ԶӦûʲô⣬δڣ
ƷȻҲǿ˼Զɲͬ棬治Ǹոտ뵤ѣʵ޷˼ԶᲢۣ
ھ˼򵥵ķ֮˶ΪƷδǰ;Ҫ˼Զ࿹⣬Ǹ顣
Ͼ飬ҪȡݵģƷֻһʮˣǴ̥￪ʼҲ˼Զһͷ
ʮǰ˼ԶѾǴκϵһ棬λ֮һûܹĵλ
ƷҪ˼ԶӲӲֲֻúõġ
ҲЩ˿˼Զ⣬Ϊ˱ƳƷ˶жϳƷ˼ԶĶ֣һ㣬ѾΪ˹ʶ
ǿпܣƷ϶ԸֱӺ˼ԶϣƷѡ˿϶Ҳġ
ʱٹʮʮ꣬˭ʤ˭ͺ˵ˡ
ԳƷֳʱ˵ܹ˼Զˡ
ǵУƷȻҲѡ˼ԶӲӲ
Ϊˣ˾ڹѾ۸ˣƷ׻᲻ỹ֡
˵ͬ˵Ĳ²һѡίȫ
ʱڵ۶ܵ˾֮Уܵ˾˾ݺݵĽһ鱨ӵ˵ϡ
˼Զʲô
ǰǸеĵʯ
ڰݷù˳Ʒ֮󣬾ֱ˼Զ׷깫ȫ׷ɱڴκϷĸֲҵ
£˿ͣæӴ֮и˻ֱӾͿܵ˾˾ŭĳ
̽õ鱨ȥ׷ɱļҵĸ֣Ӧö׷깫ӵУԷмһ㣬ûҪ˼
뵽ʯʱҲʮֵı
Ȼܵ˾֮ҲѾһ֣Ǻ׷깫ӱʲô
Ȼ˫Ͳ࣬Ȼܵ˾֮Դ̽鱨ΪҲʵʤ
ֱָʵѹĶ֣Ҳʮֵͷۡ
׷깫ӣǵԽԽˣ
ܵ˾˾˵ܵ˾鱨֮Уװ׷깫ӵϾѾװ˺üûװˡ
֪׷깫ֱҪϾսһֱӲ׶ŭӰе߱ŭޱȡ
ЩһĳɳԽԽˣ׷깫ӱ֮һӴκķȡ
ǵõϢ׷깫ֻѾ˰벽֮УΪǿһ벽ֻ¶Ķ֣ʯæ˵
ʯ֮ҲмΣڴκϲνͨ죬ƣ׷깫Ӹһ֮еٮٮߣδпܿ뵤֮С
ĸ֣ܵ˾Ҳоޱȵļֻ֣׷깫ӣܵ˾ֻҪºģҵ벽ĸΧƫƫıվôһȻ
ߣԽԽˣܵ˾˶ɱܵ˾˾ҧ˵
ҪҪϱ£ûʼҹ֣ʯ˵
У˼Զ̫ǿˣѰʼҹôĶ֣ΪΪ۹ǰϹôܵ˾˾̷


1297 Ʋҵĳ
ܵ˾˾̾ͷʯ۹һֱ֮˵κһǸ֮еĸ֡
֪ĵ֣
Ѱֻ֪κ󵤾ĸ֣ǵȨλȻ֪κֻô֣ǻʼҹϣͲֵ֮С
ֻĸֻΪΪԭ򣬲ûг˵ǰѡ
ǺʣһСĸ֮УҲеٮٮߣ͡
֮У˼ԶʸǳģСģʵȴѰʼҹ治Ķ֡
ĻκҲĬϷһˡ
֮ǰһʿ̽ϢֻΪѾҪ鵤ˣ
ܵ˾˾ޱȣ˵˼ԶҲͬһʱڵ
δһȻ˼ԶȻѾҪ鵤ڣһʵݺκϷѷ֡
˵ǱصĹҲʱ䣬˼ԶҲȷʵһΪ˵õϴڲĳưϷ
ھȻ˼ԶһͽܶҪսԼֱǿ벻̣
һԵʯɵûһ飬鵤ڣҲ֪ʲôĸκ֮УǺεǿĴڡ
˵ĻֻǳƷ˼ԶĶְɣʯæʵ
Ҳ˵ҲҪСǳƷϾ涼ϣ֮ǰ鱨Ҳˣ涼˵ѾǳԽ鵤ڣ鵤ڵĴڣܵ˾˾Цһ˵˶óƷȱȻǳƷܹĵزǵеģ
޷˼Զ˼ԶҪҲѣܵ˾ͲҪˣԳƷһı˼ԶѾ嵽ǰ¿ˮˣסˣʢģܵ˾˾˵
ˣǾ;䣿ʯһܵ˾˾˵
ȥƲ֮䣬˭ʤ˭˵ǻ£ܵ˾˾˵ˣȥɣϢһʱ֪ͨң
ǣ
ʯӦŵ֮󣬱뿪ˡ
ͬʱڳ֮УҲһƬҰ˶źϣҫΪ
ڴκϷȥĴֵд붼ǳԼˣϾԼˣҲӵӦһЩ
ڣڴڵһݱ֮УȫûֻٲΪûھݵ֮Уѡ
Ҳó¼ҼҴТһƬء
ʱźһ֮УҫŸس鱨ɫޱȵѿ
֣ȫǳµĸ߲͹Ա
˵ɫޱȵء
ϷУȫ⵽˴ڵͻϮ׼ģԤıģҹͳǵľݵ֮Уݵµͳͳɱ⣬ǳԼˣʱѾʧˣһҳϺ޵ҧгݵ˵
ֹǵˣиصҵĸˣ鱨ĸˣȫնɱһûܣֻ찡ȫˣһ㶼أǳģֻ˭Ķûиɣ
һҳϰ
һʧˣһεʧǾܹȥڴκϷĸ֮УҲҪһҹʮǰˣ
һҵĹ˵
Ǳٰɣȥ̫ˣⶼǸߵˣҶ֪ôοǣ
ʲô٣ǲǹ٣ܵ͢˼Զô
뵽뵽˳ƷζӣҪ֪֮ǰΪƷĴڶܵ˼ĺôźߵﲻ˸߿һۡ
ȻǲףʲôлǲģҲô̶̵ʱ䣬һоѾתˣΪƷõĺôȫ˳ʧѾ޷ˡ
صĵ̶һѻˣǻҵģؼǸص˶¾ʧ
ȻǶʲô飬Ȼ˼ûУ˼ˣǸ뷨Ҿпܱ
ҫҲͬǳƲҵû뵽ǰٵĳңֻһҹ֮䣬⵽ӵĴ䡣
໥һۣǶ˱˴˵˼Ҫ飬ΨгƷˡ
飬˵ҲΪƷģҲɵҲó˼Զ⣬ɱЩͨˣΪ˽ƷŭȻƳ
Ȿ˼ԶҲأóƷΪǧָ֮ˡ


1298 ڵȳƷı̬
ǺԵ֮ƣǻ̲סмԹȻҲܵ˳Ʒۣʲô˵
Ͼ֮ǰҲΪƷĴܵ˼ĺô飬Է飬ʻеģ顣
ˣЩʵ̫ˣһҪԪˡ
ݵ֮УгҵĸһΣҲ𣬸ʧҲԹġ
гƷôһڣ˶ڵȳƷıֻ̬Ĺ⵽˴ڵıȣɢˡ
Ҳףڱļұ¾飬ƵǣļǱ͢İʲôϵء
Ҳ֪ʱǽûôģΪԾ󣬶ǳҺʹκ͢Ȼǲ۲۵ˡ
۴ĸǶ϶ȴκ͢ҪǵĶˡ
뵽ֻޱȵĿɬ
ؾʱ洫һ󼱴ٵĽŲһͨ
ˣ
ҫʱڵһվȻ˳ȥЩҵҲæվ˳ȥ
ҫ˴֮ڴǰĹ㳡ϣȴѪһĻոձΪźӵĳѪ֮С
Ǳõ̧ģ
ô£ҫæʵ
ڳŵԱߣһͬѪĻ˳ҫһӺȻ˳
ү̫ˣ̫ѽϰٺˣԷȫ¾ˣǵƴ赲ҴӻǾͼү˰
ޣϰƽʱһֵͬһԱԷ¾̲סˡ
ҫɫޱ֮࣬ǰӵϱ񲿣óǰ۶μӿˡ
û뵽ڵĵӾȻ֮󣬾Ȼ;ء
ɳϰ쾳ĺֻͨĸ֣ȫûֻһ쾳ĻųŻѾʮˣսޱȲңûܹ
Ҫǳڴ˶Ӿ
̫̫
ҫһŭ
ĳҸ߲Ҳ¾֮УڵĵӾȻֵزȻҶǰȥμ񲿿˵ĳŶ֡
ƴκѽͬʱҲǳ׵˺ף˵֮ǰֻǶڳֵͨĻ
ôڶźӶ֣;ԲֻǾˣҪ˺ˡ
ֱ̫ˣѵҪǳȫϾɱô
ƴˣ˻ֻ
ҲԲǴںù
Щҵĸ߲㿴˳ŵĲ״֮󣬶׷ŭˣκ֮УֻǶһ㲻ϡ
ȴǳһڳ֮ϵĿֲڡ
֮ǰܱȴû˸ᱨڣŵĲ״׼ŭǣڼӱȥӵһᷢǵϡ
˶ŭˣ
ȥѷү
ʱҫ뵽ʲôæ˵
ˣԼˣ
ҫ䣬ƷӰѾ˵Ұ֮У˹ʵ죬֮䣬Ѿ˳ŵǰ
˳ȫѪĲ״ʱ򣬶ʱüŭĿԲ
ʲôģ
ƷǴĵϲģҲǽܵڳ֮Ϊиˡ
ڿű˴ӣؿڱһᴩˣ඼˴һ룬Ѫֹֹס
ѰˣֻѾˣҲǳŵΪͨǿĿ£ܹڡ
һ˵ٶȲϵţֻò˶ʱͻˡ
ƷҲ˲ô࣬æԴԴϵŵ֮УΪ˹
ڳƷ˹֮£ϲʵѪҲֹסˡ
硭۾ʮĺһǲҪˣ
㲻
Ʒޱȱ˵
֪Զˣҵ඼һ룡ſЦһǣ˿ڣҵʹüͷ嵽һ
˵㲻ͲƷ˵
˵ţƷֱӿʼ˷ڳŵڲϵĴڵ
ڳ֣ͨޱȵʢֻҪ֤ϾܹԼָ


1299 Ҫȥɱ
һֱʱ֮󣬳ϵ˿ڲڲѪˣϵڳѹסڵơ
ƷһĹȻԶԶ˳ţǳżѾһߣֻҪͻһʱ䣬žˣȲƷ֡
ھεĹУƷԼ˵ʱǰ΢еֱˣΪĻʼս㹻ǿܹ֧ŵסǳţ޷˵ķ
һֱڣڵס˳ŵƷһ
ʣµֻҪȵǿָлָͿˣ
Ʒ֣ڱס˳ŵµĸ߲һ
ϾЩʵ̫ˣ˵һӾͱɱһӣԭĽλȴȻ˴ǳҲΪеĴЦ
Ʒ˹Сĵ̧ȥϢˣȻſ˵˭ˣ
⼸컹ڼ̹֮У鲢˽⣬ֻ֪Һǳ˴ˡ
ҫƷȫ˽ӣʱЦһȻԭί˳Ʒ
ԭǴڣãããõúܣ
ƷЦ˵
ȻѾˣǾͱҲˣ
үѵ㱨ôǳұڲ̫ԶˣҪһֱϮɱǸصĸ֣ģһҵĳϿЦſ˵
õôЩǴڵϺз㶼ɱô˼ԶоôƷЦһ˵ҪҳһսôҾͺһսڴ֮ǰҲҪʲôʹ飡
Ҫȥɱˣ
ͬʱκϷϳУʱھٰһᡣ
ϳУκϷͷﶼۼط
ڴκϷ֮УȻ̫֮أǵλأʵϣľĻϳ֮С
ϳгפ˿ھͳǧ뱱ĵ۶һϸ£κϷĸֺ̣壬ȫڽۼһ
ֻΪ췢һ˵Ѿû˸Ҿܾĵز
ǾڷͷĴϯӣκһʮ֮һ׷깫ӣ
ĸݣᣬǶҾܾ
ȻڴκϷػ϶һͷǺʹȻС׼ס
ʵϣκܹʹᲢ۵ĶǷëǡ
᳤Ҳ
׷깫˭Ҳû뵽үҲˣ
ܲô֮ǰǼҺͳкαʰĹǺϰٸˣʧĲ࣬ǻϽôүޱȵƣ˱ɱ˺ܶ࣬ڷȴҪҪƾֶơ
˭ֲأײһΪ֮Ϊ֮ѣѾжûп־ˣ
ɴܣǷˣǵﲻ𣬵ǳƷǾ͵ô
ɲôǿ˫ڴκϷܵУǳƷŶ꣬Ŷʮ꣬δǰֱǶ˵ʶµһĿôô𣡡
᳡֮УͽͷӶֻǶ˵̫෴ģʱҪôط˵
ΪΧǴڵĵӣߺʹйϵˡ
մչֳĸǱץ˰ѱɾˡ
֮⣬йص˾޼ɵĶˣʱ䣬Ϊˡ
ĴԼͳйϵĽڽڰˣҲ˲ٵĺô
ʱô緢
ڳҵıǸ붼룬Ϊ˼ԶģǿĴ
κϷҲ֪˶ٷˣһһڷչĵزһ棬۹֮һ
Ȼ֮ҲǳһǺͳƷҲʸˡ
ƷֻǺȵǾͲ֪ҪȶˣǸʱ򣬴ھеˣʲôµġ
ôڵĵ֮Упܣǽķˣ۹ʮ֮һ׷깫ӡ
һ˾ֻһŲһ۵ӣһȺȲ˵Ĵӵ֮£˳С
˰ԾЩӵǸ˵ˣ֪ǴκϷеóŵĴȴĸԸĴӵǸˡ
˵Ҳͺ֮ˣȴǱˣǴϯӣ׷깫ӡ


1300 ɱ
ô磬ôĴھȻһ˵ģ
ôĴ壬ôĹ壬ô᳤̻ˣ
ڲϷһܵУ
׷깫ܹƣɲǹֻŴڵģԼϷͬźպǿɶɱģΪźͼͲʮɱ
˽۷׷ףֻо׷깫ǺôͷֱĲ
ԼҲ׷깫ӵı壬ǿɲ˿Ĳ
׷깫ʲôǿǺųƴпܿ뵤Ĵڣ壬Ƕǿˡ
׷깫ߵ룬Ȼſ˵λҽλأ飡
׷깫Ŀɨһˣ緢˵һ飬֮ǰǴҪԳҶֵ飬ǴҶӦ֪ˣ֪мвٵٵͳӽ쿪ʼǶҪϵ
Ŀ䵽е˵ϣʱǸޱȵĽţҲ˵׷깫Ӷɱ˵ľҵ˳߲
׷깫ӵĻʱһ׷깫ûм׷˼Ҳ֮е飬ΪƵѫ󣬴֮ѾˣȻܺʹȣǹϵҲǱ鲼κϷ
ǶٶͳйһЩҲǺģӲҪ׷Ļֻǣ̫ˣǴҲһ˶ˡ
ЩûˣҾ֪ѡ˭ˣûйϵϣͻȥѡ񣬲Ǹʱ򣬾ͲƲôˣ
׷깫ޱȵ˼ɡ
κķɣϺѹܵˣ
˵ûʲôô
ܹ޼ɵĳ֣벻ں
ĻҲ˵һǿʼΪЩûе˶ģЩ˶һ
ҲΪ׷깫˲ܲˣ˺𾪡
ڶλҲϢϢصģҷʦ֮ҪϳУ齨һˣҵ޽УԺͬˣиͬǮһ׬
׷깫ɨһȦˣȻ˵
˲仩ȻֻоԭǴĿģ֮󣬴ٳһҪ齨һˣʣֻһǴڡ
ԺֻΨհĻھͻΪκϷʵۣΪʵϵߡ
ڳˣѾռκϷĴȨ̣Щȫ޽һ֮У˵֪
׷깫Ҳ֪ķҪǣͷ˼ֱڸЦ벽һȻҲԲټ
ûʸֻдںʦ棬ʸ֯һˡ
¶˼ɫǿ϶ǲôһ˵ģôһˣǻ˵ãֻԺǶҪԴհﻹʲôȣӽǶҪΪڵĿˡ
ƫƫǶͬʱ˶Ϊˡ
ǲӦĻΧЩڵĵӸǻ֮в֮⡣
˲ףһᣬѹһ磬ԶԸƷͷټȻĿľȻˡ
νһ˫ƣҲɵøпǳǰˡ
֮ʣأһɵĽŲ˽ȴһӰͥŲһĽ᳡֮УɨһȦˡ
ӴǣﻹǺ֣
ֱӾͿˣһ㶼
һһһϮɫ۷ֻжʮңͦΣꡣ
ʲôˣڵӵһ˵
ʱ˵Ŀⶼ˹ղŻڱ˱̬׷깫ӡ
˿Ǹ֮󣬶ʱһ֮¶˼־ɫ
ôˣ
ô
Ȼ
˶ɵþΪǶϳǰ˵ݣȴǱˣֵķзĴڶԳҸϾɱ¼еһ˹
˶ڵȴ̬Ϊұ̬ĳƷ
û뵽Ҳˣºˣֻ׷깫ӵ뷨Ҫ˰
ˣ̫ˣ׷깫Ҫˣֻ»ҪԸԸɣ
û뵽Ȼֻ߲ƣ߲
˰ĴųƷвϲųƷ˴ǰĴ㾿ΪΡ
ƷΪΣʱ׷깫һȡ
ɱˣ


1301 һԲ˳
Ʒһȣ᳡ء
˵Ŀⶼе˳Ʒϡ
˲ɵõһǶӦˣƷڿʼжˣڴڼѹ˳֮󣬳Ʒڿʼжˡ
֮ǰѹóƷóƷӦò˼ԶĶ֡
ȻʱǲΣƷҲĵĸ֣ܹĿֲڡ
ʼо˫ȶʼˣʵ̫ˡ
ڹֻ뵽Ʒնɱĸ֣ǾͿʼ־
֮ǰֻһ˲ѣѾʧӰˣͳƷȣǲǵϵ϶ѣϵϾȻҳЦϵӥǲѰ·ʲô
ȻڳƷǰ׷깫ȴûпһ㣬ֻЦſųƷ˵Ʒ˲֪ĵϸѵһ֪ĵϸôûп뵤ɣȻ֪ʲôҵǰͱװʲôβˣ
׷깫ӵĻʱڳбͣ˲仩Ȼ
ƷȻǵ֣
˻ǵһţҲ޷ǾǳƷնɱ˿˵棬ӦþѾǵĸֶѡ
ȻĻͨǿǸ޷漣ܳƷѾ뵤黹ҪӺˡ
˶˳ƷȴƷûҪϵ˼
ƷֻǵһЦΪ֪綼סģûп뵤ûֵеķġ
ֻҪ˹עˣôͺס
Ҳû׷깫Ϊǰʧɫ׷깫Ϊ˳ƷһܣȻʵ϶ڳƷ˵ν
ȻǵҲ׷깫Ϊǰ㣬ǿĳֶΣŽսǿ˵ĵز
ȷȷʵʵӵкɨ鵤ڵĿֲʵΪˣǲǵľ˵ν
֪һ㣬²޼ɵˣƷЦſ׷깫ӡ
Ϊܹùˣȴʦ𣬲ǵͲǵҪװŪסˣŲסң׷깫ĿųƷּ֮ʵɫ
ƷҲֻͨѣȻܹ֮˽֮Ϊ۹֡
ȻԼҲֻǻһһʮ֣ݣȻʵ̫Զˡ
ѹö֮ĳ㲻ɱôƷ˵ʱѾ׷깫ӵĵˣԭΪԼʵŸôš
ڳƷķ֮£׷깫ӵΪҲΣȻѾ˰벽۷壬Ϊڰ׶ֻҲֻǿ
δ뵤ҲкܴϣģھһһߣԽԽǿ
ƾ㣬ɱң׷깫ӹЦȻֱӷ˸߿աﲻǶֵĵطб
׷깫˵ţֱӾѾ̤Ŷݹ⣬ɳ˳ˡ
ƷĿһĻֱ׷ȥڳͣ϶ͨϵĸ֣Ҳ׷׼Ŷݹ׷ȥ
ƷգҾҪǰҴʵ
׷깫Ӷʱһأȴֻоǰһ֪ʲôʱƷȻѾɱĸǰȻһֱӸ˹
أ
׷깫ӸӦֱӾһֱӳ˳ȥ
ۣ
׷깫ֱӱ߻أ˲ûбȫͷѡ
أ۾û뵽ƷôֱӶ֣һֱӸ˹ûиӦĻᡣ
Ʒ־жôĿֲڳˡ
Ķ棬Ʒ¶˼ɻ飬ȻֻһƳ˳ѰͨһƳУֱӾͻը鿪ֻһѪûˡ
漴ƷͿ׷깫ӵϣڱƷĲƵ·棬һͭɫڼ׽С
һڼһҫ۵⣬ѰĹâԲͬ
ȻһǷ͵ѹôţ֪ɱҳҵǰƷƲһۣȻ˵
ʱ֪׷깫ӵĵôˣԭõַ͵Ѱ۸󼸱Ѱĵò
Ȼһһ鵤ֿ¶ѴĶϵһõ
Ʒҵķûа취ƣ׷깫ӹЦ


1302 ׷깫
׷깫ӲЦصڸ߿֮ϡ
֮ǰ׷ɱźӳŵ㣿Ʒ˵
ң
׷깫ӹЦεֱ˵
ҲǣƷ˵ͷͷβûлɹ˼ԶΪҪ˼ԶҪֵĻ¾ͻֱӳڴУֱӳź֮ϡ
ҪԵҲֻǳҫ
ּĸ֣мڶԳŶ֣Ѱǳ͵ڵֿ˵òһ㣬ȷʵһ㣬־ˡ
ֵرȥԣ
˼Զôľ֣ĿҲֻΪ˽Ƴˣ˸˼ԶС
Ȼˣɣ
ƷȻļ˵
Ʒ㻹Ϊܹɱң׷깫Ӵһ֮мַ񣬳ƷԽǵȻԽǿߡ
֪ƷЦһֱһٶȳ˹ȥ
׷깫漴ֵķ֣ȻܹƷĳУȴ޷·˶סһ붯һ¶ѡ
أ
׷깫ٶȱһƳˣȫµĹͷ񱻳ˣֱӱ߻أһѪ˳
ںЩͣһĻûڴκϷպյ׷깫ӾһƷ˵ͳˡ
ֱ¾ͽ׷깫ӳѪ
˿ɣûڼ׻Ļ׷깫ͱƷһƸˡ
˿һĻֻú󱳶ڷƷʵ̫ײˣȴ˵лҪײС
֮ǰֻ֪Ʒնɱ棬ȴ֪Ʒôġ
ڣƺܹһЩˣƷֱŪġ
׷깫ӺεȴƷŪڹ֮ϡ
Ʒɱң
׷깫ӹЦʱѾˣױƷ˳ˡ
Ʒĸ߸ϳ״̼ģֻҪƷɱޱȵĸˡ

Ʒֱһٶȸ˹ȥɳȥԶ
أ
׷깫˾ͱ˳ȥ
أ
أ
أ
׷깫Ӷ֪˶ٴΣÿһƸȫĹͷҪɢһΣֱӶѣϡ
ڼ׻Գֺ˵ĳƷҲûκʤ㡣
ʱѾҲûкͳƷһϸµ뷨ˣ֮ǰƲⶼǴġ
ƷȻȷʵȻսȴ׵Ŀ˵֮С
벽۷崩ڼ֮󣬾ȻʰѰĵҲǸİ
ƷôģѵĶǹô
׷깫ͣʱȫѪѪۣȥޱǱﻹ֮ǰ齨ʱ
ʱֻһ뷨Ǿӣ
Ҫߵһ˲䣬Ʒһֱֻץ˹ץС
ƷѾ֪ͨʦ𣬵ʦˣڣ㲻ɱң
׷깫Щ˵
ȻƷȴֻЦһ˵
һֻ͵һӿʼ׷깫ΪƷκβԼƿԼڼ׵ķʱ
ȴֻһ󡰿ѵȻǴڼϴģ֪ʲôʱڼѾ鲼˸ָѷ죬ڳƷ͵һץ֮£һһı鿪
ܣֿȭôܴҵڼף׷깫ȫţ״˵
ʱŷ֣ԼҲ־壬ͬЩɱһǰȻ˵Ŀ־塣
㲻ɱңҪɱңʦ𲻻Źģ
׷깫ӴһѾˣƷֻޱȵһƽ׷깫ӸץһѪȻɽͼĿռ֮нൽ֮ϡ
֮ϵһöָӳ˼֡
һз̫죬˵ȻֻǶ̶ʮʱ䣬֮ǰһ׷깫Ӿ˳ƷϣͷβûܹԳƷһǰ˺
ÿ£ƷȴлҪʮ
Ҵûпɱܹɱͬб˵赭д
ܹоϵɱ¾˲֪˲㺧˵ɱ
Ʒʲô·ô֮ǰȻһ㶼û˵أ
еٿƷ׷깫ֽ֮Ŀת˹µҪ
³Ʒͳͳɱˡ
ȴƷֻǿ˵ǸҴһ仰˼ԶȻҪҳҾͳȫ֮ڴ⣬ǧߵһս


1303 ֮ǧ
һҹ֮䣬Ʒ׷깫ӣ˼Զսͺ䶯κ
Ǹһҹ֮˵飡
׺Ȼˣ㲻˼Զֻ׷깫ӣҲκ֮еķͷ֡
ʵκһ֮Уѷ֣ȻԱСĶĳƷʱȴ·˿һ
Ĵ֮Удţڴڼ׵£Ʒһġ
Ÿոմʱ򣬾ͱ֮Աǣţ
ڼ׵׷깫ӣǵĸҲܼ֣һڹһ˿͸ûа취
ͬƿѣĻַ͵ҲôˣѰҪü
ý͵˵Ʒǳֿȭһֱ޻̸֮
ٸڴκϷպڿһʵ˵ǻкܶ˽Žɣ߾ѹš
ֻǿ˳Ʒʵִԣÿһ飬ͻһ֣ôͽ־
ǲǹô
ǺͳƷս˼ԶĴ±Ʒ׷깫СҲ͸ʲôˡ
Ҳֻһ벽ĵʲô
ƷȻǵ֣Ҳ׷깫ӵ˶֪ˣ㲻ǵ磬ʵȴѾȿ硣
׷깫ﶼҲӹ˵
˫һս޷⣬쳣֮ս
սź˱նɱټĳҼҼҴТһƬء
ڸĴҲǼΪʹ֮Ϊϣ뵤Ĵ˱Ʒһ
˫˲ʹĴۣۿžҪݺײһˡ
֮󣬴Ǳߣǧߣ֣һս
һսûпʼѾǣκ֮˵Ŀ⡣
һκ֮жǼΪǿĴڣ׷׿ʼǰǧ
Ĵս˵ʮ꣬ϰ궼ѵһ
ڴͳκϷҵķչҪҲڴκϷһսȷδκϷ˭
Щٶȸܿ죬оͶŸؿİס
ֻһ⣬Щÿһÿһ˵϶żΪֲΪظҲͱǧҪЩˡ
ܿ죬ڴУҲ֪ԭίˣҲ֪Ϊʲôˡ
ȻǴ½ʹ˵еĴκϷ뢣˵еĴ˼ԶҪڳǧһս
ʱж䶯ˡ
ʱ䣬дССĿջѾסԸصĸ֣Щһ⣬ǿʵҲôǹٷʮͷۣΪЩ̫ѱˣҪǣǿûô򵥡
ǳѾѹסˣΪ֮ģѾкü벽ĸ֡
⻹ϳֵģûгȴĵĸ֣ǲ֪ж١
Щÿһݺʵڴǳ֮£Ҫǣܡ
Ƕ̶ʱ䣬ͷϰŹ¼
ȫͨϵĸ֣Թģֻʱ˶ѡ
Ǵź֮д˳ƷĻ˭Ҫ⼸֮ڳд֣ǳƷͻԳֶԸ
ʲôԹҪڴн
ӣ˶ϾǶ֪Ʒı뺷սܳƷǲ˼ԶĶ֣ҪʰǣɻǷǳ򵥵ġ
Щ˶һЩ֮ټĴǲڵõ˼ְ
ʱ䣬ܿ͵ˣ
һ磬ЩӸظĸ־ͷ׷뿪˿ջ˳ǧС
˷糾ͣոոϵǣŶûУֱӾ͸ǧߡ
Щ˵Ķ飬ټȥֵЩͨڣγ˺ƺƵĶ顣
Щͨڵǧߴʮңͱеıȫһ֮⡣
ޱƣһ磬֣˭֪ȴ⡣
ԴˣеʿҲƣֱӺΪʲôڣֻನɨһ£Ҳ·һǵʱӶӲ
Դ룬Щʿ˵ҲеǺܺãֻҪನɨһ£Ǿˡ
أָŲԶеŮӣ˵ΪʲôǿԱŹȥ
Ҹ׿ǳеرΪʲôҲȥ
Ҹ׻ǳΪʲôǹȥ
ʱѫӵܷ׷׽
Ǽʿֻǿһ⼸˵ѵʶǿǰĳŮ˾ͽ᳤̻ĳŮ˼ͨأ


1304 벽䱳
ʿĻֱ˵Щѫӵܶ޻˵
֮УʵΪȻǵļܹΪṩܶһеĻǸԵʵ
ƫƫֻѰ쾳ѣ
ƽʱݣڲһ仰Ͷµ޻˵
Ҳ˰˾ͽ˿Ǵ֮֮ŮᶼѾͨδǰ;˵ǲġ
ڴʱ˾ͽ˰ΧȦ֮УȻкܶˣͷܶȻǧ֮ࡣ
˵ļͼʶ˵ȻǾĿ࣬Ϊǧˣһⶼͨϵĸ֡
ǳѾ´һͨµͳͳ棬ǿȻĻпĴ¹ʡ
Ȼˣ֮УȻǧͨϵĸ֣ʱٳԣһЩ˵ʮ죬ô˿ܻᷭϺü
Щڱչ֮еĸ֣ܻᱻһս
ϾɲѰ뿴ܿõģⱲӶһ棬˵ಫˡ
ộĿɨˣȻԳԾ˵
ǧ֣ͨҲֻʶеһСֶѣǽһС֣ǶڴκϷӵټʢĴ
ʣµˣȻʶҲ󣬱Ȼκضľ֡
˾ͽ¿һĻ֮мָӣмϲҲмֵǣҲмȻ
ͳƷʱȫͬˣǸʱ򣬳ƷȻֵĴݲȣȻʵϣȴͬһˡ
ȻڳƷͬ߸ϵֻͨıӰ
㻹ô㿴һ˾ͽµ̾һںѵ˼ôܲףֻǵǱǿȥƷ׵ģǸʱֻ´Ҳ벻Ȼн졣
ֻĲΪƷ˾ͽµ䣬Ϊ˫Ľ׼̫ԶˣһʼóƷ˾ͽһ㣬ͻˣֵ˾ͽ䲻ϳƷˡ
ϵôΪϵأ
ܹƷһʱָ㣬ԶڳƷ˽⣬һʲôѰܹĵģĽŲضֻССĴκ
עΪ䡣
˾ͽ΢ҧ´ЩȻҲûмãô
˾ͽҲЩ޷⣬ֻǼµʱѣƷȴɱ˵ͣӰ벽Ǻ
Ӱĵز
˾ͽºܿ񣬳ǰȥںߵʵҲûˣͨĸ֣Ҳֻ̫ôʮȻ
Щһ⣬Ϣ೤ס
ͨĸ֮Уǳ͵Ĵڣ
벽
˾ͽºܿж˳ΪһȺ֮УһϤӰǳ
ֻǰʱߵǳǾԵǣĿĽ㡣
ʮ֮УȻˣûǰڡ
ΪˣΪʮˣκһΪ֮£Ҫǿ
Щ֮У֮ǰźһսֹ֮Ǽ벽Ĵ飬ɣˮ̩⼸ˣԭκһǶ䶯ˡ
˵Ϣ
أʱһһϮ»˹Ȼʮ֮Уʮ˲硣
˭һΪֲ
Һ˻ǲܵ˾˾ô
ʵˣӰеߣһսˣ
۷׷ףһȴǱˣܵ˾˾
ʮ벽ĸֿܵ˾˾֮϶¶˲̶ͬȵ顣
˶֪ܵ˾ǳ͢һ߹ܵ˾˾һĹͷ
ܵ˾˾Ҳǻ벻⣬ûнЩ˷ϡ
û뵽һս㶼ˣ
ʱһ߻˵
һԼĪ߰ʮߣһ£ֻؿϣһκ֣˶֪ǻʼҹı־
һսѵһܵ˾˾һۣǸߣ˵
˿ڣһ˵ĵ˶Ȼˣʮѱ߸ϵİ벽ĸҲһ⣬׷أ֮ǰǰˡ
ϣû뵽ȻҲˣ
궼ûп˼ҳˣ
һս˲ˣ


1305 ϴ޽·ҲȲ㣡
Щ벽ĸ϶׷¶˼־飬ǳҲˣΪ˵ѵһĴս
Ȼܾǰ߳Ƶĵֶˡ
˵ʲô˵ֶڹעһս
ȻֻпһֻûȴڹעĵҲֻһô򵥣
뵽Щ벽ĸҲͬʼ
ͨ˵ǰȻǸ߸ϵĴڣȻԵֵʱǵԺ㲻ʲôˡ
ϣ
Щ벽ĸҲɵ÷׷ǧʺãϲʵԶԶǸǿֺҲҪһ
ϿǣҲɵõ˵ͷûкǶ˵ʲôֻǾֱźһ˵ǰ˳ҫǰ
ϣôҲˣ
ҫȻĿſ˵
ֳôĶκ֪ˣ֪ܲôպҲڸ֮ǰβþˣڽ˵
Ϊʲôò¶ĿϾȻͻȻˡ
ƷأûУϿżɽֱʵ
δҲڵĵ
ҫҡҡͷ¶˼ֿЦ˵
ϵ˵ͷҲûжʲôˡ
ȻֻվһԣҲˣֻվţ˴һ־޴ѹ
ǧߣѻȸû˸˵
ʱأһӰڶ˹
Ⱥ֮ҲΪĵ׻Ȼˡ
ǳƷ
Ʒˣ
˽Ŀ⿴ȥȻһԼĪŶʮңһϮ£޳껺
ǳƷ
Ʒƽû˸С˳Ʒ
Ʒæ˵Ʒû뵽̶ʱ䲻Ūô飬Ҷ˵ˣ˼ԶҪһս
Ʒһۿ˵˼Զ̫ԵҲҲͲ˵ʲôˣȻ˼ԶҾһ̣
ƷĻʱһƬһ
ǿ˫˼ԶƷȻ˿⣬ֱӿԾҪնɱ˼Զ
˼ԶǺεκϷһڳƷȻһ㣡
аգ϶ųƷҪ֪ɲ뵤֣ҶĶ֣
ֱԲ˵Լ˼ԶĶ֣ʵϣҲûʲôûԡ
ΪҲ˾֪飡
޷аգ
ƷȻ˵
ϼ״ҲͲ˵ʲôˣϾͳƷĽҲûõǸز˽ɻıǽǳ
أʱ֮ϣһֲϢֱټǧͬΧĵͳͳֽС
һӣԭƽǧĺ͵һˣǧߵЩ洬ҲһľκǰҡҡλΣҪֱ㸲
ڸΧЩӸǰֵͨڴʱֻɫס
֮ǰڽΪʲôǿЩѫӵܴʱɫҰףֻͷųѹѣ˷·Ҫ̩ɽѹһĿֲ
ٿĻǺɣȫĹͷᱻһɿֲѹ顣
ǵô
ÿ£ѹֵס
һϵĴڣ
֮˸˼飬ֻҲ޷⣬Ϊʲôܹڴκһˡ
¡
ţһֱ˺ѿ˳գ̤Ŷݹ
Ʒɱˣ
һŭ˾ֻһĿ߳˵ǰǧ֮ϡ
ЩͨĸִʱҲо̩ͬɽѹһѹûа취ԭվסŸ
ֻˣһֱ˳ǧϰ֮󣬲ǿͦסŲ
һɵ֮£ΨЩ벽ĸֲܹסΣӰ졣
ֻǻܹվǧߣ治ɫ
־Ȼ˿ֲ
˾ͽһ˫ǵĿųƷ˼Զͷʵ̫ˣκϷ뢣ܵеĿֲڡ
۴ĸƷǶ֣
Ŀ֮£Ʒֻǵ˵һ䣺ˣ
ƷôĵӣһЩ΢ĩֶΣȻҲǰɱͽҪѪծѪ
˼Զ
ƷЦһ˼Զ˵ЩϻˣôֶΣΪ˱ҳôԺʵɳ㲻ҵĶôǾҲĶô
ȻˣǻҪʲôҽֻһĿģǾն㣡ϴ޽·ҲȲ㣡


1306 ֲ
˼ԶĿųƷƷ˼˵һʼ뷨û
֮Ի֣ļͷ֮⣬Ӹ˵ǴκϷڳһˡ
ڱΪǰµĻڵϻԻ͡
ڴκϷһҶ󣬸ûܺʹᲢۡ
ǿ뵤ֻһͨ˵ĻȻɵҲڻ̾ʹɱ֡
Ϊ뵽һ֮󣬲֪ڵ֮Ҫٽһжôѣ˵졣
Ѱ˼ͻ֮ǱҲǺľˡ
ȻƷȴͬӳƷոտ뵤ʱ򣬾ĸ߶ȹעƷŶʮֻ꣬ͣս뵤δǰ;Ҳͬǲ
Ĵڣǿ˵Դвò˶ãźͻΪƷĹϵǿ𣬳ΪκϷľްԡ
ΪˣŽƷжд̣ļҵ鲻ֻһͷѣĸˣļҵһЩֱϵҲĲˣڵļûжٸ飬ôΪļҾͺһĸִ֡
ƷЦſŶ˼ԶȻ֪˼Զֻһˣ֮к˼Զйصϡ
һִƵʱ򣬻̸ʲôްԣֻ˵ڴκϷһֱһĴ֮£ʮУǳư˴κϷ
˾һۼôɣ
ԭҲֻˡ
˵ûĴڣҴ˵·ͻΪҴڣҲܻ˼Զ˵
ô˵㲻뱨׷깫ӵĳˣƷ˵
ȻҪʵҲûʲôҾǧɱɣҲֻҪһξͿˣ
˼ԶĿųƷ˵
̰֮Դ֪˳Ʒеز˼ɵ֮⣬̰֪Ʒôģܹеز
ܹھϵĴܣԤУһǾ춯ؼġ
˵Ĺ˼Զ͵һһһ㣬ֱӳ嵽˳Ʒǰ
ղ˵ôֻ࣬ζѣĿ꣬ʣǾͻϮƷ
࣡
˼Զ˲ʩչһ׾춯صƷĶ֮ǧĺˮֻ޴ޱȵƣ͵һӳųƷ
˼Զһ֣ǵصƣֻǼ򵥵һѣһܹһɽƬ
ԭվںߵЩ벽ĸִʱҲòȥԭ˵ֱָͨһ˳˸ˡ
ڸЩͨ˺ʹǵı˿ͣæĳӴܶȥ
Ǽ򵥵һ£ǸܵڵֵĿ£ֻǱನɨһ£Ҳǲġ
ͻһĳƷǣΪôܱ˼Զã˼ԶҲ̫Сˡ
ƷָֻȭȭȻһȭ˳ȥ
䣡
ֻˮ۶ɵľ޴Ҳһȭ˸飬ֱӻٲͬһ
ƷȭֱӴ͸һˮ٣Ϊˡ
ΨһûߵֻͬΪĿˣּĹ֮£ҲֻܹԱѣȻڲս¡
սನݡ
ֹǿһѾԽֵļޣ˫սĲѾԽĵڵĴڡ
µ˼Զǳ֮սֱնɱ˵ֵĳƷκһȻɵ֮
̫ˣ֮еκһֵܹ˵ģ˼ԶҲˣƫƫƷ̫СˣǹôôزģԽԽľƷͻûһͷ󣬵սȻ֮ϡ
һδ£˼Զĵڶι֮ϣһ޴ޱȵĿնǿֱ̮ˡ
ʮֵĺˡ
ƣ
Ǵڵھѧ˼Զǿƴѷֵġ
࣬ȴ֮ƣֱ޿ƥС
ټ˼Զǿ֮Ĺۻ޿ƥС
ȻƷҲǷͬ죬Ʒһȭ˼ԶֱӶԺ䣬˿á
䣡
䣡
䣡
һ޴ıըƽؾһը죬˷׷Ŵͣĳ


1307 ˼Զ
֣ǵ˼Զزĸ֣Ҫǳֿνϼѣһ˵ǳֻ֣ƾǵܹ
ǵ˵ģҲǴ£һ໥֮䶼пƣײߵزϾһͷǶ˴ɱ¾Ļκᱻֵ췭ظ
ǿڰ֮е˼Զֱӻ˼ʮ֮࣬˷ųƷȥ
ֻһ˾ʹǧ֮ơ
ڵľѧ࣬ϵķһ㣬Ա׽Ρ
µǳƷֻվԭأһȭĳȭ˼Զױ仯˶Σܲˡ
ֻǰԼĽߣһȭֱӳһӰȥ
Եģ˼ԶȴӣΪƷԾĹԼĽߣܳƷĻֻһȭͿԽش
ƷȭжֲֻǸոպͳƷԺһʱ䣬Ѿоˡ
ͳƷ纣һɲĿֲȣƷֲĻͬѾ˽ղǿ
˴ӳϿƷȫ˼Զѹһ㣬Ĺ಻óƷ鲻һ
ĸֿóռǳƷ˼Զ߾ȫƷֻ赭дͽĹȫˡ
Щͨĸ֣Ŀɿڴֱ£ֽȫķŨһŽ𵤣ÿһεĹܹԼĹٷְٵͷųȥ
෴ͨĸһˣ¹·𣬵ֵĻֻһлܡ
ͨĸ֣һιܹͷŵĹҲֻһֶѣǵÿһζǷȫ
һ˲䣬ĹֿԻָ߰˰ˣ
Ϊµģ
ͨ͵ֱ֮췭ظĲ࣡
湻ôأƷһЦ˵
˼ԶʱһͣȴֻƷͻȻһ͵سˣ͵һӾͳһ޴ޱȵĽɫޡ
͵һһȭ˳ȥԭ˼Զ˲ʧˣֻʣ˳ƷǰһӰ
䣡
һȭֱӺ䵽˼Զϣʱͽ˼Զˡ
ʲôȭ˼Զɫһ˵
аȭ
ƷЦһţĴֳһץ֮ڶֱӻһڳֳƷֱ˾ͱˡ
ޱȵİԵ
ֱһ˼Զն
˼Զͼֵ
һ˲ͺǧٵֲ⣬ȴǳƷĶ֣޷ֵסƷ
ƷֻһͽһлΪޡ
֮䣬ƷѾǰֱ˼Զǰзһն¡
һն룬֮ϵ˺ˮˮ֮УƷ̤˶УһıƵǰ档
ԳƷĹ˼Զֻܲϵĺֵ廹ǱƷƵĽڽڰˡ
˿ĿɿڴŶʱ䣬ɲǼʱ䣬ƷͽֱŤת˹һڳͽ˼ԶƵĽڽڰˣֱ¡
ǿƷĵ̸жôľѰĵѣֻռ˿׼ݶѡ

ʲôлΪǻΪֻ򵥵ĵȴĪǽ˼ԶƵǽǡ
ðԵĴ򷨣
ϿĿɿڴһӼĵҲһˣĸţȴûһͬƷԵĴ򷨡
ǿɲķ޻֮
һ˵ⶼǸ߼ĸֶڵͼĸѹĴ򷨣ǳƷȴԸ͵ľָ߾ƣֱǺš
أ
Ʒٶһն˼ԶĹƣһˡ
ۣ
˼ԶֱһѪ˳ɫޱȵĲҰףνرʧ㣬ķ֮ûģȴƷֲġ
ʱȻԭΪƷǶʮ꣬ս˵ҲǱ΢ǿˣ˭뵽Ʒôֲֻǿһ㣬Ҫǿ֡
Ѿ鵤ڵĿ´ڰ
Ʒ˫̤ں֮ϣŲӿĺ³һʱʱðһ
ؼսһĿ£
˼ԶֶεĻɣ
Ʒһ˼Զĵˣȴ׷ɱֻޱĮ˵
˼Զȷʵǿ̫ˣϧ˼Զ
һеĽѾעˣ


1308 ˼Զ
úúãȻˣҾ㿴ʵ
˼ԶһɲǼ䣬ȫĹ˳Ȼղָ߳һء
ʲô⻹ȫʱϸ͵һ۾
ղŵ˼ԶѾˣȫ֮£ֻԼ˼ԶδܳŵùʮУǼˣ⻹˼Զʵ
ȻˣǳƷͿĻΪʲôֹΪʲôʤ׷
˵ԺжðͷЩ벽ĸ֣ǶΪʲôƷһ㶼ûгʤ׷˼Ƿǳ˼ġ
˵ӵǿߣӦץסһܹץסĻὫԷɱŶԣ
ǡ

ʱͻȻһԶܴ뷨Զʱһ
ּս֮УƷȻоԵʵܹѹס˼Զķˡ
Ϊµģ
ΨһĽ۾һȻ˼ԶδȫǳƷҲͬδȫô
ˣҲýˣ
Ʒ
òСӣ
˼ԶһһɲǼ䣬˷ڶ𣬰ڶǧĺˮ˲γһµˮĻ
£ĹȻܹز
վڰ벽֮е鲻ɵõһ
ܹ׽£񻰴˵
Ƕȸ֣飬Ȼ񻰴˵
Ȼ˼Զ飬ȴм񻰴˵еĸоˡ
ǧĺˮתȻ͵һӳųƷѹ˹
ǧĺˮжٽ㶼㲻
ֻγǵصơ
˵ˣͨ˸ȿ񱼣ǧĺˮֱӸֱӾͻγɾ޴ĺˮ
Ψͨĸܹ΢һЩоֱӷϸ߿գǧĺˮǲ̫ܶв
ˣһĻǸоޱȵ𺳣ܹô
䣡
ĺˮͬκһ㳯ųƷǵض
ԶԶģɽһ
һУƷǲŲæеĳԽԽ֮˿ֲ
ͣ
˾Ϳʮֺ˵һĻǵضĺˮƷֻǼ򵥵һȥˮĻֱն˿׸ߵˮĻڳƷһ֮£ն룬Ļնһ㣬ֱ˿
¡
ƷһҲֱ˺ˮ֮Ǳصķ͵һֱڵϣһ㣬涼ھҵĻζ˲佫Բǧֱ֮ӻһƬ
γɵ񳱳˷ҵɢ
סЩˮ
ʱ򣬴ǳһ£Щͨĸæʼ׷ʩչˮס
ЩĸȻģҲῴźˮŰ׷ҲְæЩ벽ĸ֣Ƿ׷Է赲
Щˮʧȥƿ֮ѾûֲֿĳˣǼˣǽ۵ùǺ
һȺ˲ǿסŰĺˮ֮ϵȴƾһ֮ˡ
Ʒһĺˮ֮ȥƲֱ˼Զ
أ
˼Զʱ˳ȥֱһѪ˳ؿڣһ޴ޱȵѪۡ
ǱƷղŵĵɨģ
˼Զɫ˲ҰףҪЩˮγǵصһѾ߾ȫľǻظƷһѾӰ棬ֱնؿ֮ϡ
Ϊʲô
˼ԶֱŵĿǰһУһͬΪ鵤ڵĸҲֵסΧ̫ˣ޿ӡ
ҪӲĻֱӾͻᱻһˡ
ԭȻôģȻʵȴȫͬƷ̫ǿˣֱƿ˹֮ǰĲ߻룬޷赲סƷ
ʱ˼ԶŽһʵǾǳƷʵ֮ϣȻţҲԸţʵ
ֱ䵽ˮ֮ϣ𼸸ˮƯ
ƷӰ棬ֱɱеĳٶն
ͣ
һӿµĵâնû˼Զ룬ǰȴһɼǵѪۡ
ʱ亹죬ʱͻȻˣΪʲôƷɱʵȴûһʼ֡
и֮ʣҲս֮ڵԼȫȻȫʢ״̬Լ

Ȼ˼Զŭ
ڲµˣѾˣɣ
Ʒһ䣬һ˼Զͷ­˳ȥ


1309 
˼ԶɳȥԴϣأȫŵ飬һУ鵤ϸ֣ڳƷУȻֻһĶѣ
ͷֻ΢һʱѾʧˣΪѾˣ
ǰԼҲйڣǳƷĻ»Ұɡ
ֻڴ֮ǰ벻ƷսȻߵӵĵزֱֲ
˼ԶǰأǲţΧ۵ĸ֣ƺҲɵˣˮХȴʮͷڶ
˵õľսأ˵õĴʮʮҹأ̶̵ֻʱ䣬Ѿֳʤ
ս֮ǰ˶óƷ˼ԶĶ֣ڳƷ˵õĽҲֻȫ˰ˡ
Ʒǳé®ܹ˼ԶȫˣǶһ˼漣óƷһ
˭룬Ʒıʵ̫ˣֹȫ壬Ȼһ˼Զնɱ
ֲǣƷֳȻܹȵ˼Զȫ֮󣬲Žնɱ
ǳ
˶֪Ŀֲʵ
Ѱ鵤Ʒֻ¾һ֣
ˣ۹ϲҪˣźҪˣ
ǿ£û뵽ư˵۹ϲôĴڿҪûˣ
ڵǿ˼Զ˼ԶˣĻǣ躹ޣ˵ܶһҲһ
˷·ܹڻһĻˣ˼Զɳ˼Զ䣬ҲôȻȻ
֮еȻֻ˼Զôһ֣»һЩ벽ĸֵġ
Ȼּĸǰ벽ĸٶҲǰѡ
ǲ֮ͽ
һжȡڳƷ˼ƷһҪôôڿ»ᱻ
֮ǰŵĹУ֪˶˵棬Ȼ֮ǰǿ˫˼Զڵ£˸ŭԣκǡ
һ˼Զ£˵͵ܱ߶ǣð͵ĹâǵϣʬϺݺҧһ
һУȡڳƷһ仰
һ仰ɾ
߾磡
˿ƷĿⶼˣӽ쿪ʼκϷľƣ˵㣡
һ˿ɾ
ЩУźҫģĳǸסϵϲˡ
Ʒûʤ֮ǰĵģԸ⻹ǲԸ⣬ͳƷǰһˣƷʧˣôźֻҲ֣֮ǿŴκ͢ƺͱӻҲǹӲѡ
ȻڣƷʤˣһȻͬˣôҪֵźˡ
ҡֱϾ
ڵĸо
ԱЩźĸҲͬޱȼǶõӽźƻﵽεȳ̶ȣҲ棡
ΨгֻΪƷ˵ģս֮ǰΪƷʮֵģڿһˡ
ϲϲӽ󣬴κϷүһԿɾˣ
ʱϲˡ
ҫһҲһүλ֮£ƽǾûпôġ
ϲϲԺǴκϷΨźհ
Ժ󵫷үǲǱȻǣ
ʱҫѾ˸صˡ
Զ˾ͽ΢죬ͬǼģųƷһӰѩ
Ӯˣһ˰ɣŵģֱϳҪţǺһ԰٩˵ʵղҲͬޱȽţǱ˾ͽҪһЩ
˾ͽ΢Ʋһۣ˵С˺Сӵ죡
ãããҲ˵Ҳ˵
˴ֵúԶȻʱû˹עǡ
ԶЩһϵĸֳ׶ɵˣЩ֮еǳԴڱڵĸ֣еڴڵɣĸ֡
Щ˶ǽ˼Զһģ˭뵽˼Զ㱻Ʒնɱ
ֱһѵĸо
ܹ뵽ģǶܹ뵽뵽ĻҪ磬뵽δҪٵ³ֻоȫڲ
İ벽ĸҲ˲о粻ٰȫˣ˿ǵ֮жŶ⡣
Ǽһ̾ҪȾܵĳ嶯
ǲҶΪ֪ҲûãֻǱ¶ĸ죬ƷɵȲܣѵֲ˭ǵô
ʱǸо׵׵ľˣΪʲô


1310 ֮ڣh֮Լ
Ʒһץ˼Զʬֱ󱬣Ѫ£ɽͼĿռ֮Уֱӽɽͼеıҩɽϵ֮ϡ
ʱϵֳ˼֣ҩŨ
ò˶ãһöͻˣʵϣôʱ䣬ǳƷʵΪڷٵҲһ˵ٶȳɳ
ǰƷԹּԳƷͣͨ벽ǵֵľѪټĽֻ࣬¿Խһˡ
ּڳƷڵΪ˵ô
𵱳ƷոյõʱɳһС
ƷҲǺ͵˷츲صı仯ˡ
ΪƷȻڻͨʵ۹۾磬ڵ֡
Ⱥܶ൤˵Ҫǿ
Ѱĵر͵ҩ˵ûκô
һöһˣ˵㹻һֱʡȥУֱӴﵽͨأ˵һ嵽ͨ۷塣
սҲһ츲صı仯
ڿҪˣƷʱҲ¶˼ϲ⡣
ΣֱʩչޱȵķѾӿĺˮֱȫص˺ڡ
˿һĻɵõһ֮ǰ˼Զĺˮкֶεʱ򣬾ѾʮֺȻˣڣƷ֣Ҳѷɫ֮ǰ˼Զӿ¡
ΪƷһֵѶȱ˼ԶѶȿҪߵĶˣ
Ʒһ֮ſ˵˼ԶѾնɱҲɱ䣬֮ǰǴҲãҲãϮɱ˵ģ֮ڣԼǰźĻ֮Ҿǰ̤ƽڣ˵
ƷǵĻ˵һƷĻҪԵжԵȻЩǰ
ʣҪôóˣ֮ǰǲ߻ͳͳҪֻ»ǣٴڵĸ߲㡣
һĸоϾǶǸ߸ϵĴұɱˣֻ²ԱѣҪΪЩᡣ
ǿǳƷΪԵĵط
ȻǺЩආͬ
ЩڵҲͬ־ŭΪ֮оǸ߻ģ
˻Գֹ
֮ǰǲûоʲô⣬ΪǸʱռžԵƣ
ɱҲɱˣΣѵǱô
ڿûǳƷҲԸ
Ȼ֪ⲻǸոտʼѣԲǽ
һγʧ֮󣬿ɲֻԱʧϵʧԹ
һУҪڸ⳥ģ
ʱ´ҪѪˣ
Ȼ˿һδܹȫˣѾʮֲˣѾ࣡
˵֮󣬳ƷҲͲ˵ʲôˣȻ֪ôܵ˺ֻܲҪڻûʲôɵĵģ
ΪƷ뿪ʱȴֱܵ˾˾ǰ˵ʸ¾ܵ˾˾ô
ܵ˾˾ҲǼΪ㵣ƷȻϵ֮ͥ£ֱ
Ҿǣ֪ʦкָ̣ܵ˾˾ʵ
㣬֪Ƿʱ䣬ǿ̸һ̸Ʒֱӿ˵
ܵ˾˾˵ͷƺ뵽ʲôΪ֮ǰͽӵܱƷ뾩ֻû뵽˼Զ飬òǰ
ǰͳƷˣ
Ʒ˵꣬ܵ˾˾ֱ뿪ˡ
˴ʱһЩһϵĸ֣Ǹоһĸо
Ȼ֮ǰƷ˵Ҫ֮Мh֮Լǰܶһʱ䣬˭ֻ᲻Ըء
ˣƷӣȻûн˼ֻҲǺùʱڵĵӣ໥һۣ϶¶˼ص顣
ʱ䣬ǻлᣡ
ЩڵĸֵȻԸȥֻҪлᣬҪһ
ڴʱעת˳Ʒܵ˾˾ϣжƲ⣬ƷʲôܹҪܵ˾˾̸ġ
Ʒܵ˾˾˵ٶȶܿ죬Ƭ֮䣬Ѿص˴Уصź֮УƷСԺ֮С
˶֮ܵ˾˾ſʵ֪ʦΪ£
ȻҲͿżɽ˵ˣһˣ֪ܵ˾鱨κ֮ǿģ˵Ӧò£


1311 չأӿ
ֻһ˵ĻӦò⣡
ܵ˾˾˵ʱžԵš
ܵ˾ڴκ֮ѾˣרŴ̽鱨ڴκ֮Уܶ汲ûʲô쳣Ȼȴܾܵ˾ϸ
߶棬ڳƷǰҿʲôϾǰǻɱ˴˵дκϷ뢵˼Զġ
˵鱨Ļôˣڴκ֮У鱨˵˵ڶû˸ϵһ
֪һʲôأܵ˾˾Ѿ⣬ǾҲҪҵƷҪҵǸˡ
һսֻ֮û˻ҺӳƷˡ
ܹ£ĻǴκĻʵҲ׷ĻᣬΪͬЩƷûбԼ
Ȼû˸ұȳƷǸ£Ӱȴʱ޿̵ĽС
ģ㿴
ƷֳһץץƬƬ֮ϣһѩɫ۵Ůм䣬յʱȴǳǳЦݡ
ȻֻǳǳЦݣȴ˲䣬һһű
˼꣬ϣܵ˾ܹҵûɣƷֱ˵
ҪҵĵȻǱˣ֮ͺʧɢ˵˼ˡ
ȻԿ϶˼Ӧúͬƽ֮ˣǾ䵽ȴû֪Ҳ̫ˣӦӦ
Ψһ΢ĵľǣ˼굱Ѿǰ벽۷ˣҲѾ˵ˣ˵֮УҲһʵˡ
ӦԱݣ
ĿľҪԼ
Ҳ˼£¾õıƽķʽ
˼֪ĻӦûܿǰͣ
ˣ
ܵ˾˾ڽӵƬʱ򣬻һΪƬϵӰʵ̫ˣȻܵ˾֮ҲФ񻭵ĸ֣ǾǻڴģҲֻ˵ƣһƬȫһּǽӡһ
ȫΥ֪ģ
Ǽʶ㣬Ȼ֪ƷŪģҲûʧ̬ûжһȥѯʳƷŮӺĹϵ
ǳΪ˴ɣ
ͳƷĹϵȻûкõѯĵز
õģϻȥ׷飬ҽһŻӡɣܵ˾˾ʵ֪ƬֻΪǻء
û⣡
Ʒ˵ͷ˵
֪Ƭȥֻºܿ죬ںܶ˵УںԽԽãԽõ˼Ϣ
Ϣһһʱ֪ͨģܵ˾˾æ˵ȻϻȥţҾȸˣ
ܵ˾˾֮󣬳Ʒ̿ʼ˱չܽᣬһսȻͷβȫȫѹ˼Զ˼Զǰƺһ
ȻⶼǱʵԾԵʵ˼Զ̧ͷһս˵ջǺܴ
ΪȻն𵤾֣ʵϺ͵ֻֽ̫ˣһǰΡ
൤ʼ֮еϢһսĽ໥ӡ֤֮ࡣ
νǧ飬·
ණԼʵ֮󣬲Ÿĸ
֮ϣ໥ӡ֤֮һǧһսԼĽ
ҲΪʲôƷΪͻͽȴûиȹ̵£ΪǶЩȫ⣬ȫ͸ġ
ǿȥ
ڳƷչӡ֤һսʱ
ķӿŲǸոտʼ
һսĽκ֮˶ˣ֮ǰΪóƷˣҲƷܹܣǻɱ˼Զ
ǳƷܹ˼ԶѾܲˡ
ȻʵٶȺݺݴЩǰĵƳƷ϶˼Զֵ˵
ֱǶ޻˵ˣ
˶ף´κ֮ҪϴˣƷɱ˼ԶѾȲĽκֵ֮ˡ
սķ籩֮УźȻ˵˼ĺôԭЩʧĸصĵҲ˻
Щڻ߱صͷߵĵ棬ȵȣҲһ˵ٶȻ˻û˸ҹҹҲû˸̽Ʒôġ
ΪЩ˳˶³ϵƽϢҵŭ
ڳҳԵʱ˶Ŀ⿴˴ڡ
Ϊ˶֪Ʒ֮ÜhԼǰ顣
û˸СƷĻûм˸ͼŪƷ


1312 ڵĴ
˶֪ŪƷĻûҲˣǱƷĻһûǰ
ôȻǴڱû˻ȥԳƷ˵Ǽ١
ƷΪԼӣҲñ֤ԼԳеţƾŪ
˶ڿڵĻӦ
Ȼ˼ԶѾˣǵ߻ԳҵĴڵĸ߲Ȼ٣һ϶ҪôԪˡ
ʱڴڲȫһɽ¥ơ
ڴ󲿷ֵĴڵĵ˵º޹أΪҲûвȥ
Ƕһ˵ȴǳƵˡ
ΪǲԳҵ飬кܶԳ֣ɱ˳ҵˡ
˼ԶսܣҪֵǳеĺˡ
һܻ֮Уɸ߲㶼һãΪľ˼ԶսܣƷҪ֮ǰȥ֮¡
֮ޱȵѹ֣˶һԲɫ࣬ϻ˸ž彻ӵĳ档
뵽Ʒնɱ˼Զĳ棬һĿֲˣ˲ˡ
˵˵ɣƷҪҪô죡
ʱһ۵߻ˣȴǱˣǴڵĴϡ
ƽʱڴ֮Уλǽ˼Զ˼ԶƷɱȻΪס
ô죬Ҫʵ̫ˣ̫
һ߲һ˵
˵ͨĴڵĵ˵󲿷ֶʹ޹أʱһĻôЩ߲˵󲿷ֶʹйأΪֲġ
ȻڴκϷֻǶ˵׶ۣҲһ⡣
˼Զһ£ڲ֪ȥҪҧһ
νմϵٶһЩϵʮָˣȻȴûȻǵĴ
ЩУظ˵ʹûйϵ˺٣ֻкٵһ֡
ǻûӦ߾ʵ̫ˣһϷֿûǵӰȻȴǵı
ƷĻҪ
ǳƷֱɱҲˣƫƫҪΪľսġ
ֱ̫Ǹƴˣһ߲ŭһǾҪҲù
ôùǵ֣ʧˣܱȵ˿˵
뵽ֵƣеˡ
Ҳӵеţ̫Щ˵֮ˡ
Щ˰һϣҲɱã
ۣƷǵ֮еľ֣Ķ֣ҪζԿ
ǰ˵ͳͳȥǶˣڲͳô
˵
ȻҪ˶ùдڵĸ߲ŭޱ
ǶˣڻʲôڵıҪҪôͬͬˣҪôһ𣡡
ϣЩڵĸֶˣŭˡ
ЩҪһᣬ󲿷˶Դˣ׳ĬˣƽʱȻȴû˶˵ʲô
˵Ĺܺˮ졣
ҪôһҪôһ
Ǵ˾͹֮У֮Ḷ́ǵҲֲ˺ãҾͲˣֱӴɣ
Ϊ˭ǳ͢ҪǴڣҲҪʹĴۣһʲôƾǼô
ƴˣܵȵ𣬴˾ͱɽҾͲܻһǧ겻ɣһ˵ʱ䣬֮ٳһ֣ǸʱƷҲӣɱ
Щڵĸ߲׷˵֮һ仰ҪƾŴڵĽԿƷ
̼ٳɽһ˵ʱѡ
ȻܱҲùƷֱɱ
ǲУҲֻˣ֮ǰǻܾӷ˸ϵᣬʩѹҾͲˣƷҺȫµĵԣ
ʱǴڵĴҲֻҧ˵Ҳ
Գҵ飬ҲһзݣʱҲôȥ
˴ϵĻʱǰһ԰ǻᡣ
뵽Ƕʱϣ
ֻҪϳĻôǻϣģ
Ʒʧˣһκ͢ʧ֮ȴûܹˣΨһϣǵᡣ


1313 ʵٽ籩
ʱڴڵĸ߲֮Уһϣ
ᣡ
ƽҲֻŵһ
Ҳǣͨ˸ɴûŹ
ڹٷǲڵģκ͢ҲǲôһĴڡ
һ˸Ͳ֪ôһĴڣ
ȴ֪ģΪʵϣ˼ԶĳԱǶ֪һЩ
׼ȷ˵ᲢһĻҲһٷĻƽԱ涼һ档
ȴʵʵĴڵģ
ΪĳԱǴκ֮еĵ֣
Ȼּĸڴκ֮ҲǷëǣûмˣҪΪԱҲǵ֣ǰ벽ĸ֣ҲֻΧԱϽӴĵĻܣֻȵĹ
֯ҲǷǳɢƽʱҲ£궼һλҲǳ̬
᾿ʲôʱʼڵģû֪˵ڴκ֮Ҳ˵ڴκ֮ǰѾڵġ
û֪ʲôʱʼڵģڴɵʷȻҲƾãȻҲûеκ֮ʱ顣
ǧ֮ǰˣ
ǵּΪЭЩ֮ìܡ
־εĺһһ֣ٵһǸѶȡ
ֲֿĴڣԼĻκɾ޴вΪˣԲĴڡ
һ˵˫ìܣҲᾡڵĿ֮ڽн
̫ˣȻе֮еľֳƲá
һΣƷ˼ԶսΪƷѹҲǵĳԱԵҲûвֵɡ
Э֮ìܣЩֱΪһС¾ʹ֮⣬ⵤҲ֯һͬԿĵֵ֡
ΪôһԴκȻδϹĴڣҲûȥȥѹҲѹδɹҲֻһֻ۱һֻۣĬˡ
ΪˣǿΨһĻˣ
Ҫ֪ԸվҲֹƷˣ˵Ҳֻдκ͢ˡ
ȻƷźҵĳԱȻҲǴκ͢һģκ͢ôΪҳƷ鷳ࡣ
Ҳǵпܣ
Ƕһ㣬ĳ˵ҲЩֵһһĿ꣬ǶԸκ͢ȻⲢҪԿκֻ͢Աˡ
κ͢ȻǰǿƣʵҲԶκһе֮ϣǴκ͢Ķ֡
ôκ֮͢о˶ٸ֣֪
Ψнᣬ൤ֲܶԿκ͢ڱ𣬻߳Ϊκ͢ĸӹ
Ϊˣǲž붯ĸֵҲǴϣΪĳ˵ȻǺͳƷվŵĴκ͢Ƕġ
ǾôˣҪһйϵһҪõ֣ŵ֮еλҲôӵģϾвƣҲܱ֤һ£ˣǵ漴ͱˣǿˣҲ뿪ôӵͷ
ڵĴ룬˵
ҲΨһϣˣ
ö֮󣬴ںܿתһ˸ҲĴųĶǴȴͬˣŵĸ߲Ϊ˲ƴȫ
ʱƶԵޱȵĹ죬ڱŲƺıʲô£ƷҲһƾʲôҶµӡ
ֻ֮Ӧ
һŷ籩֮е۾Ȼ֮ı˹ƽ׼Ϸ˲ɵô۾
˶֪Σ˫ֵٿƣҲѡ
˶ֻ֪´ڲôĸԸǰǸʱ򣬾жϾǳƷӲǴڵıˡ
ܿ죬Ʒһһҹʱ䣬ӡ֤սջ֮ͳˡ
һһҹƷֱ˷츲صı仯ȻϽ󣬵˵ľòȻһ£ڴִﵽһȫµľ硣
Ʒ˫ֱ󣬴ͥԺ֮Уһɽһ㣬ΡȻ
ǵˣֻҪˣ̷֮ҵΪܹһ뵽ͨأټȫǱֱͻƵͨ۷壬Ǹʱ򣬵ҲֻǰˣƷ


1314 ʹ
ͻƵ֮ͨ󣬻һؿǾͨ۷壬ܹȫǱ˲ʸ
ǸʱԳƷĿµĹֱӳư벽ľƣֱӳ
þ벽һ
벽һᾭĽ׶ΣֻЩһЩֶΣȴδ뵤һɽ׶Σȴÿһ˶Ҫ׶Ρ
Ǹʱ򣬳ƷʵҲһ츲صı仯һٴﵽһȫµľ磡
Ǹʱ֮󣬽Կȥã
ոճأеȺһԵСǰͨһĿڵȴˡ
ʱź֮УźҫСĽӴһ۵ꡣ
ݿʣмֲͷ顣
ҫȴżֺõ顣
үΪʲôƷѵҪȥô굱ֱ˵
ҫ¶˼ֿɬЦݣ˵ǾͲ֪ˣƷҪչأҲ֪ʲôʱأ
飬𣿡ǻȵ
һֱֺõĳҫʱҲ¶˼ŭˣʹȥɣαΪأ
ҫڰ಻סеĲͷˣǰݷͬһ㣬ͷˡ
õ۹ĺүʱ䣬ΪƷǿ𣬲֪˶ͽ
ھȻһԶԶСԼļһǳ⣬ǳƷʱҲʮֺʵȳƷԶˣȴԼҪԼǰô
һ̵ֱڣЩ಻סˡ
ҫʲô˼ѵΥ־ǻ߸ϹˣݣߵĶᱻǴκүҵ
ȫƷûĳҫҸԼ˦ӿ
ĸܹܡ
־ҪƷȥҸʲôֲҵģ
ҫ˵Ҳм޵ģκĳ͢Ȼ̫ԷҲǺֻǲ鷳ѡ
㡭ǻʱŭҫҪˣҪǵΪô
ҿûҪ͵ΪУҲ˵ɣҫƲһˣ赭д˵
֮˼Ҳʮˣ껹ûʸ˵еĵᡣ
ǵģʹȷʵǵĴ
һ˸ôһᣬΪźĳҫŹĴڡ
ֻǶ˵Ҳһ˵еĴڣһֻյΪԱǰ벽ҲֻʹΧԱǿ֯
Ϊ벽ԶԵ鲻ǰźһЩּذˡ
Щ֮У֪ôһ֯Ҳ֪Щ֯Ŀ£ҪʵֻյֳΪԱѾʮ־ˡ
˴κ͢ﻹҵóһܹԿ֯Ȼ
ΪˣŲΪĴʹ
ʹ߸ͱˣҲڽ׼ŭˣ
ãããҫ㲻һССź򣬾ȻҺǵΪУ
Ǹʹŭɶ
ǲǿΪǳƷ˼
ҵ˼Σҵ˼Σأʹ䣬һ˽
һӰһ۵껺˽
ү
Ǻ֮󣬺һ
ҫʱ¶˼־ϲ飬æ˵Ʒˣ
ʱʹŷӦȻǴеĳƷ
ڵĳƷ̫ˣҲǶʮ꣬˵ʮ˾Ҳŵġ
ʮͿҪϼ֡
Ͽŭ飬ֻ۵ּʵ飬˾ǴеĳƷͱҪСĶˣǾȻܹᡣ
ȳƷͻҪһЩȴҲֻʹѣм֮𲻿ɱȼ
һΪµһȵ˲ţȫ޷иͺԼ࣬ʵ͵λȴԶԼ֮ϡ
Ʒ˵ͷȻֱһϴż޵ЦݵĿʹ
ʹ۵һĨ۾ڣֻĥŵǲʹǰĿġ
ҫ֪ͨƷСҲĸ֮ˣһиýĶˣ·ϣƷѾ֪顣
ᣡ


1315 Ե£
ڴ֮ǰƷѹͲ֪ôĴڣʱ̫ˣ֮ǰҲһֱ躹޵֮С
ڴκ֮еأʵǺ
֪ȻôһĴһ
漴ˣΪʲôҪôһĴڣϹ»һҪôһƽ̨ЩصĿֲһЭĻơ
еʲô飬־ʹĻֻ´κѾҳһˣ
ͬʱҲ֪ˣôһ֯κٷֻ֯Ҳе㵤ԱԿκ͢˼
ǲɷϵǣ֯ȷʵһΪֲǿ֯
һճԱ׼Ѿ֪ˣ
ǰʹ
ʹӦܿ죬ȻбһֻޱȵĶʼɣȴɫֱ˵ʹʢʦ
ȻвޣȴұֳΪ֪ǰ˵Ŀ£ֱնɱĸ֣һģλдκʮе׷깫ӾȻڴڼ׵±Ʒһһ뵽;ޱȵĿֲˡ
Ȼʼɣȴɵ
ҼǵҺ͵Ӧûнɣ֪ǰΪ£Ʒ˵ɨһǰʢ
ҴΪ飬һ飬ʦҲ֪ǵᣬӦ֪ǵճԱı׼ʣʦѾﵽǵճԱı׼ǵҪճʦΪǵĳԱ֪ʦΣʢһ񣬰еļ֮𣬾ƽȿ˵
ƷʱȻԭˣ
漴ҲȻˣնɱ˼Զ֮սҲѾΪ֪Ϊδ뵤м˸С
ʱ֮Уһսնɱ˼ԶսκǴκϷ˾κˡ
ԭЩطǴڵĵ̣˼ԶնɱȻһоҪ¿ʼϴˡ
ʱ䣬Ѹײڶ֮ƽ̳ҵĲƲ׷׽˳
˿ͣûеźҲ׷Ϻ񣬱Ͼʱ˺һᱻƷסǲϵĻȴкܴĻᱻ˼ס
źҲᣬѸײڶ֮ƽԼΧչڡ
û˸赲ͽص˱֮Уﻹͣ
ͬʱҲζųƷڴκϷľȨܵУʱ򣬵Ҫ£⵹ǲˡ
µȻ˵㲻˵һôʲô飿Ʒʵ
ʹһ۳ƷʱһڿˮȻ֮ǰҲûóƷʲôرµĵطڣԳƷʱȴһĿֲѹ
Ʒûͷųһǰѹֻǹ뵽ǰϴżֵĮѾնɱ벽ɱʱͲɵֻо󱳷
سʦҴ˵ľ飬ϣʦʹ֣þգ
ʹ룬ֱ˵
漴͸оԼĵֻصԼϣǰƷȻǴ˵еĵᣬκǴκ͢Ҳӵľ顣
ʹ֣þգҷŹڣƷЦһ˵
þգǴ˴ڵ飬ֻҪʦϷŹǣôԸʮ⳥ҵʧʢֱ˵
ʮ⳥ƷЦЦĿʢ
ܣǴɱҳϰˣôƮƮĽҹȥˣôܣ
ʱһԵĳҫ̲ס˵ĳǸ˵ʱͻȻ죬³ƷͻȻӦĻҵı͹һˡ
׾ٵĽҹŹ˳Ʒô¶ûа취ųҪǿôھͳ˱Ȼ飬ʵôͻһȻһ޴в
۴ĸǶڶԲ׵ķŹ
үֻû˵ذɣ
ʢҲҫǳƷҫܷ
ԳҫͻȻ죬ѵ
һ˵ȥˣôܾˣĻԺ˭ɱҳӵܶôƮƮĽҹȥˣ֪жСҪƷ˵ֱҡͷ
ʦҲ֮ʧѾɱ˼ԶѵҪ˾飬Ͼɱ


1316 ǰ
ʢֱƷ˵
Ʒ˲ǰֻµͻȻ֣ͻȻҪ£뵤֮⣬ԭΪȥǰɡ
κ֮Уܹǵĳ˴κ֮͢⣬Ҳֻеˡ
Ȼκ͢ȻǲܰǵģôܹŵģҲֻеˡ
ǲ֪ΪõİھǸ˶ˣ
ƷҲúЦļҵϴڵʱ򣬴ڴԼҲûгһǻļҵͬ³ɡ
ڽļҸϾɱȤ󣬱ϾĳļңҪļҸϾɱǴκ͢
Ϊĳ˴κʺᵽһⲻҪĴ۶ѡ
Ǵȴͬ˼ԶΪ˱ǳҵ˾նɱϰ֮࣬˼ˡ
ƷȻܾôˣҪôͿ۸һ£ֻҪ㹻ĴۣͿˡ
ҷҪϾɱôƷЦһʢֱ˵ǵʱܵĻҲվȰ˼ԶϾɱŹźô
ųƷЦЦ飬ʢɵЩҭΪѾ˳Ʒ˼ǳƷܣô˼Զ϶˳ƽҴ仨ˮӴһǧɣҫͷδܹס
ڴκ֮еôĲпᣡ
ҲԲΪ˳Ʒȥ˼Զ飬Źҡ
ǺԵ飡
˳ƷǵһĨЦڳЦǵ˫ر׼
µˣʢѾûк˵ˣֻ˵Σľ飬ڵ֮еλ˶ϣھӱϾɱˣʦڴﶦʢպûôһ죬һߣպˣ
ʢ˵ʱѾȻмв˼ˣʱѾ׻ȥˣƾʲôƷȻܹӵΪ߸ϣԺ͵֮еλƽƽ
еĲ˲ֱӻ˸߿
󵨣
ҫ־ŭһ
ʢǳóвƷˣպƷһʲô⣬ôҲúͽյĴһ³
죬Ȼպ󱻳壬ҫβŭ
ƷûôķӦͨʢĻЩĵǵ뷨޷뽫ѹһԺķΧ֮ڣһߣպ
ȻƷҪԴ׷ɱ飬Ǹоˣ
˭ҲԼһˣԼµĵͳҲű
вңƷ۾Цһ˵һ͸ˣûе뽫˭赲ˣаĻԣǸһᣬҲ˼޹̲ᣬҾ͸ᣡ
Ʒ˵ţϵͷ˳ֻһ˿ѣȴʢ׹һ㣬亹ʪˡ
Աߵĳҫһ㶼ûиоǶʢ˵ȴ·ǰһ޵
ʱоˣȻԼ֮
ǺεȺˣ
ͻȻˣ㱳ᣬǰ˵Լʲô̵ֱڳƷǰʲô
ЦԼ֮ǰȻڳƷǰӡ
ʱ֮ǰΪƷ̫ļ֮˲ͱһɱĿֲһѹȥ
˫Ĳ֮֮ǰ뷨һʧ١
ǳʦľ飬鳤Թʣ֮ǰ鳤Ҵһ仰ʦΪ֮ĻԸ
ʢʱҲֻҧӲͷƤ˵
ֻоȫ亹죬ÿ˵һ֣͸оԽϼ֡
ЩԼ֪ô˵ڵģڳƷǰȶҪˣǰδеĸо
ֱҲţһ֮Уôܹǿ˳̶ȣܹĿղڡ
ԼнڳƷǰһ
ô˵ҲӦŹһĻװƽҲûа취ڰɣƷЦһ˵
Źǳʦ뵤ǰʢӲͷƤ˵
һǰ˵ĺҶҪһѣȻˣΪʲôҪزأ
أƷͻȻһӿڿʢȻ󿪿˵


1317 κ
ڳҫʢЩĪʱأųƷһ䣬ʢϣȻһðĹâ
ʢ֮Уһ㯣·һʧȥǣ漴͵һӾֱޱȵ
ʱʢ˵ƾͱˣԭڳƷһ˿Ƶǰʢֻǿ֧ţ˲ˣȻԺͳƷһ˿Ʒͥ
ͳƷ࿹⡣
˸ˣҫ˲Ѿо˲ԾˣȻΪ̫ߣۼʶȴǲġ
̾Ѿʢ⣬ǾǱ˸ˡ
ʱеҪ֪Ȼʢ˳ۣʢͬһΪֲĸ֡
ΪʹʵǼΪֲģڰ벽ϵΪ
ֵεĸ֣κܳΪһ۾һˡ
ھȻ޷ľռ壡
֪ռ˾жôĿ£ֻΪѾﵽһ־ĵزˡ
û뵽Ȼ㿴ˣʢųƷ˵
ԳƷҲҲû֮ǰսսĸоֱƽӣǸӳƷ
Ʒǵ˵Ϊܹùң
漴Ʒֽ˵²¿˭Īǵĸ鳤ǸղΪܹŻסҵǸ鳤ɣ
˳ƷĻʱԱߵĳҫҲһŵùǺ
֪Ľṹģڵ֮УΪǿͬʱҲǵλߵģɲ⣬ƽײβĵ᳤
ͬʱҲκһģƻġ
ڴκϷ֪˲Ǻܶ࣬ΪҪڴκȺɽУڵ֮տʼǲϵĺȺɽ֮е޺սҹϢκ
УǿĵȻƻˣͬҲκϵĵһ֣˵ľѾǵ֮мΪľ磬Ҳ˵ѾͻƵһ֮ϵġ
ȱ֪ĶĶˣ֪֮ҲǷֲͬľģڵ֮еһ鵤磬ƻĵľͻƵ鵤֮ϵһ磬Ǿǲˡ
֪ҥΪоܵ鱨֪ƻľûͻƵһ磬ʵϣڴκѫ֮жʲôܡ
Ϊƻĵݵλʵκƻĵûзɹƻûͻƣ֮ܳ⣬Ǵκٷˡ
ΪƻĵĴڣܹסȺɽ֮ǿޣ֤˴κܴģ޵ֺϮš
ҲΪƻĵشƽ׳֣һ㵤飬ɸ鳤
⸱鳤Ҳǵ
ڴκ֮ϣν֮˵ѾƷնɱ˼Զ֮⣬һƻġ
ڶκͳ±Ĵ󽫾Ҷɣ󽫾ڴκһˣһʵɲ⣬˵ҲǽƻĵĶ֡
ΪĴڣܹסκ˵ʵ൤֮УҲ޵еļ
󽫾ҶҲǳս⣬սɱĸָڴκ֮֮ʢ˵˾֪
ڴ󽫾Ҷ֮Ǵκʼ֮еĵһû֪ʲôֻ֪ǰǰκʵλʱѾǴκʼҵĵһˣôȻպա
ʼҹͶ˳֮͢Բͬһڽгֵļ¼ֻɱĶ󣬾ѴκͶ֮ˣֵҸ֡
ֻʹ󽫾ҶĴսºպ书ͬһ뿪۶Ϊڵ˸ûмһֻĺպ˿ڶഫ֮С
ڵһ֮£ֵĵĸ֣ȴǱˣⵤĸ鳤˳Ѫޡ
ʲô֣û֪Ϊڴκ֮еʱ򣬱Ѿǵ֣һΪ춯أڴκ֮дԼһƬء
ֻ˶ͬǹ¼ҹһǵӶûмˣǰ㶼Ӵ
ȴû˸СΪ˶ɵΪûۣ˵߾ߣһûֵܵס
Ȼֽ٣ǴѪ֪֮ͷ֮ʢ
֪¾˶ţŵպյͷ
뵽ǰվŵģǸѪޣҫʱֻоЩϢˡ


1318 ǰװʲôβ
ҫͳƷͬƷռһӵܵͷѣʵȴǴκеˡ
ԶνѪޣҲûʲôо
ҳƷһ·ж˵ɱ񣬷ɱʲôȨǰǹʺ
ǳҫȴͬĴκˣԶѪ޿˵ǴСġ
ΪǴκȨ֪ҲԶһҪĶˡ
Ϊ֪Խ࣬ҲԽǿ־塣
ΪԽѪ޵Ŀֲ
ڵ֮УѪҲʮֲֿĴڣоһͬƷնɱű˴ġ
һʱ䣬͸оһϢΪѪͷųƣֻЩʢоϢˡ
̵ģҫʹܣֵ˳Ʒصᵽĸ鳤ҲǴ˵еѪ޵顣
Ʒ˽⣬ԭĸ鳤Ǻε
ԭͷҲ֣Ե˵ͨԱǵλȨصĵḱ鳤Ժգˡ
Ѫ޵ͷûʲôо
Էܷʢϣʱмֺ
ĿɨһѪޣϷһö壬ƷʱˣͳѪ޿϶һԪһö֮ϣȻ帽ʢϡ
ʢǰ벽Ѱ˿Ѿһĸ֣Ƕֵεĸ˵½ֻһԪĵ֮£ȻԺɵĸϡ
ǸѪޣƷʵ
Ȼ֪ңǰѪЦһ˵ǰĳƷ
лм־ȵģû棬˭֪ʢϵ֮ϵ飬ȻƷˡ
ȻƷû˵ǵεĸ˵װ֪Ǿ̫ˣˡ
û뵽ԼؾȻôɾͱƷˣ
㱾ǰҶ£οֻһԪǰװʲôβǣƷЦһѪ˵
ҫѪ޵ʱŵĲҰˣǶԳҫ˵ڳƷ˵ȴʲô
ѪЩƵĿųƷԼȻڳƷǰãȻҲ֪ԼڲһԪ񣬶Ѱĵһս֮ǰȴǴ˵еĳƷ
ֻǿ˳Ʒһۣ͸оƷϷ纣ɲ⣬Ѱܹһۿ
ѵЩ겻֣Щûô
ŵɫҰףͻᶼĳҫʱĵ˵ͷ
һûУֻǳƷǸ̥ѡ
㣬ҿɲ㣡ƷЦһ˵Ҳ֪ھʲôô˵ҪǾ͵ĻҾͽ𣡡
Եˣ۵ĵû˵ôѪ۾֮һĨ硣
ҲÿûˣƷѪޣ˵
ôĿÿСӣѪ¶˼ŭݣǱﻹڱչ֮УҪһƻ˳Ʒ
ܾúܾû˸ǰ˷ˣοһ
ҲҲˣȻˣҲãҲҪãѪ俴ųƷҴڵĽ󷨣Ҷ鷳ƾһ˵ǹƥҪڣǿЦ
ôҲֲܣҪãƫãҵҪôòƷλվѪޣ˵
Ժյﲢ֮бѪޣҲ˿ء
ƲԳԷƣұڣǰѪ˵
䣬أѪ޵Ͼֱӷ˿ֲϢһ˲䣬ȫľѪȫȼӦ˵ʢȫľѪһӱѪ޸ȼһӳԽ벽ļޡ
ɲǼ䣬Ѿ˰벽ļޣ˵֮УһͻƣֱӴﵽ˼Ϊľ硣
һӴﵽһ۷壡

Ѫ˲ֱӳˣֱĳһ޴ޱȵѪӡųƷ˹ȥ
һб˵Ȼʵϲֻһ˲ʱѣѪǿг֣һԵĳҫ׿ɵˡ
ֻܿѪһֻѪɫĴ͵һĵ˳Ʒϡ
䣡
һֱֲӴӳƷϱ˳


1319 һҷ
ء
һ޴ޱȵĺһֱĵ˳ƷϣѪ¶˼ֵó飬ͲʲôˣҲء
ĻҲѪ޵ˣ
ƷȻζײĻʱ׷ŭˣֱ͵ϮͼƷشɱ
Ȼ룬ƷѹûͻȻֱ֣ӺУǽŵһĻȴʱ۾
߾ȫһƺ˳ƷϣȴûܹͬӣһƽƷ
෴ģûӰ쵽ƷƷ˿һƷ·ûƿ
ڳƷһ㵭ɫ֮ȫȫıУֱۻоЩԣǴӳƷϷġ
ôܣ
Ѫ޵ɴ۾˵
ʱԱߵĳҫŶȻһӷӦ˹һγѹĲ㴭
иǧͷڶͻȻˣһ׶ûУѪ޾ôͻȻһӳˣһĻ嶼ûС
һԲϾͶˣ
㱾Գһɵֻ֣һ벽һ˲ȼеľѪʵǰɲһ
ƷЦһǻһĵ»ᱻѪһһشһӱɱҲǺпܵġ
ϾѪһ׶ûеľֱӳ֣
ƫƫѪΪѾﵽ˾춯صĵز²ǻʼս廹嶼ԶѰĹ˲ֺ

Ѫҧ˵ͼٶȵڵķٶȳųƷ𹥻أϣϣʼѸٵĿȥ·һ˲䱻˾Ѫһ
ʵϣҲûʢֻһ벽ĳ̶ȶѣһȻѾԽ˰벽ԽѰ鵤ڣֱӳ鵤ڵľ硣
ʢܹĳģѪǿռ֮ǿȼոɾ֮еľѪ˼
ΪľһشǺɱƷ
˭֪ƷȻ˿˿δ
ʢ
Ѫ޸ûֻһ벽϶ѣԼ֪ɱ˶٣ô˿Ķء
ƾڣҪңƷЦţֱӴһǰѪ޵ֱһһıѿɲǼ䣬Ѿɻɢ˿֮С
һԵĳҫסˣǰһĻֱ񻰴˵һƷһȻѪ޴ɷɻˡ
ҲмʶģϾ˾ôˡ
Ӧ˵ѪԼǿгľѪ˸ղŵһڳ׾Ѫɿݶ
ʵȴǸʢѪޣ
뵽ɵõһѪ޼ֱ̫ˣͬʱҲΪѪоޱȵľѪ޸ûнʢϣһ
ЩĴЩˣֻ϶Ѱɡ
Ʒ治ɫѪԼǰΪɻңʢҲûжݣҲԼ
֮͵֮䣬ǺѪ֮䣬ʲôĿռ䡣
Ѫֻºܿͻ
ƷҲһᱻŻһ¾֮ˣ
ƷҪô죬Ѫ޿϶ưոݵģʱҫæʵ
һ뵽ҪԵȻͲɵһϢĸо
һԱܹԸ˵ģֻΧԱȻܹԿ˵Ŀֲڡ
ֻǶԸһ벽棬ź˴У֪Ǹᡣ
ڵҲưոݰɣ
ƷЦһ˵õģҸղҲ˽һ£ûĻӦһɢ֯ɣ˶Կл߱ŶԿ֮͢⣬ӦûʲôŽɣ
ҫƷô˵ɵõ˵ͷȷʵͬƷ˵һеõŽƽʱһɢ˴֯
ֲ֯ΪԱҪϵľпܡ
ĳԱ֮кܶҲìأ̸һģ
ˣѪ޵ʵҲǲСڵ֮żĺǺҲ˺ˣ϶ᶯԱԼڵ֮еһԸǣʱ¶˵֮ˣ
ҫ˵뵽һУͲɵûһ


1320 翹Ĵ
ֻһѪ޶˵ǲɳ֮أοᣡ
ǾͳδӦնˣƷ˵ֻҪˣҾͲţ˻Ϊҵ鷳
ҫʱҲΪƷĿŵùǺȷʵѪһƷնɱĻ֮˶ᱻƷס
Ǹƻ֮⣬Ѫ޾ǵĵڶֻ֣ҪѪˣﻹ֣ĻͺѪһ³ˡ
ǰǣƷҪܹѪ޲пŵסˣ
ѪһΪɲ⣬˵Ѿ鵤۷壬ƷùҫЩɻĿųƷ
ڳƷʵѹҲûпÿΪѾ˳Ʒʵʱ򣬶ᱻʵݺݴ
ѹҲʲôƶˣ˭֪Ʒܱʲôʵ
ǲǴԶѣҸҶ϶ֻ鵤ڣ
Ʒ˵ֻǸղССĽ֣Ѿȶ̳Ѫ޵ʵ
ȻֻѪȼʢ֮󱬷ʵɴˣƷҲܹжϳѪ޵ʵ
˼Զ֪ҪǿĶȥˣ˼Զֻ鵤۷壬δ鵤ڣѪ޿϶鵤ϵĴڡ
Ӧûδ鵤۷壡
ԳƷ
ӸղųֵѪ޼㻹δ鵤۷壬ֻҲԶˣƷʱ䲻ˣδͻƵʱնɱ
Ļ鷳ˣ
ԳƷʵĿǰҪԸ鵤۷ǲܵģ
ƷҲͽֻԱѣնɱ鵤۷壡
ֻ鵤ڵĻƷȴʮȫİգ
ھѾͨ۷壬ս鵤۷˼ԶĶ֣ҪնɱڵѪޣ͵Ҫһ
ˣҪڶʱΪٽһǸܵ飬ֻҪ̷ͨؾǰ϶飬ǸʱȫİգѪܷ죬ҲĶ֡
ҫ˳ƷĻʱûιȥֻ鵤ڣ˵ҲһǸ޷ĿֲǿС
ǵȿֲĴڣֻһָͷܽ
ƷӣҫҲֻѡųƷˡ
ʵϣѾûбİ취ˣֻܽеϣڳƷˣ˫Ѿһپ٣һ
Ʒʧˣôڳ˵ھһ֣֮
ڿƷͦĵӣҲǱˣ
ȻҪֵĻǾͽڳĨȥˣҫʱҲǷ˺ݣǳҵҲǴκѫڽ֮нιȻѾ˺ݣҾͶһеĨȥ
ҫʱɫЩҲǱòºˣǺεȿµȻƽ붼ȥһ¶Դڶֵġ
ҲѾûˣгƷͷǵĳɹʴȻº϶ҲʧأһѾǿʧʱˡ
֣Ʒҡҡͷ˵ҹƴڼȻ˵ᣬǿ϶ǲ׾ôǰģ϶Ḻ翹
ȻҪҾһ̣
ҫųƷ˵ھ˼˵Ľ裬ڸݵظѹһ˵ĻҪķѺܳʱɣ
ҫЩȻĵ̷ǳ˽⣬ÿһɲ⣬ŸֶָΣҪ뽫ǽǷǳѵġ
㻻˴κ͢ҪΪʹĴۣпȻκ͢ҲЩչͽЩؽˡ
ԭ뽫ڵ͸ʹһֽڣȻǾͳ׽ڡ
ȻҪǾͲˮʱˣȵᷴӦˣôǵ뷨޷ʵʩˡ
ڳƷȴ˵Լܹа취Ҳ֪ƷֶΣ̫ˡ
ͬף¿Ѿܹ˵ˡ
ʱ磬û֪ź˾ĶǵһĻ
˶ڵȴһ
źûκϢǴҲҪԹԵӣ෴ģֹϵϢɣڵʹ߼߱ÿһ
ͼǳԳңڽˣϧѪó档
˿ڼֱǷˣ¶ˣֿͷŵҪǮһӳ
һٴܰȥŵЩ棬ôԪˣһҹʮϰꡣ


1321 
ӴڴһЩ߲Ľ
ҪôͬǺʹһǹԹȥǲܣ
ŴڵĸַľٶƤֱҪͬھô
Ѿ˵ĴڣѾѡ˹һ£Բ鵱С
˫ҪʼƴˣʱȥǲѰ·ء
Ȼû˵ʵκϷ˵ҲȻһȻ
ҪԸڣô򵥣
˵źֻһƷѾȴˣ˭Ҳּײ֮С
ֲȻ֮ײ
ʱܿ͵˳Ʒ˵ޣһֱڹעƵĸջǷ֣ڵ߲㵽ûͬƷ˵ǰǰȥ
ȻҪ翹
ȻҲ⣬ΪҪһ˴ݸǲ˶ܹģڴȻѾ׷ˣ߲ҪŴһ
ҲóڲŴһǳԶ˳Ʒκβǡ
ʱ䣬ھͽصĵӺԱص˴֮УٲȻҪͳƷԿˡ
УҲһ취ϾԴڵĵ˵Ʒ빥ƴڵķֻҲס
˸ߵôڵĜh¸߲ǰڵĴ˵ھǺݺݴ
ĿǰֿȵĳƷ˵һ޴ޱȵĴ
˶ڵȴųƷ̬ȡ
Ȼ˶ڵȴźͳƷı̬ʱһȻ¶Լ
˶û뵽ʱ򣬵ͻȻһԲƷԴڶ֣ҵᷢ׷ƷɱԱ֮¡
˲䣬˶Ȼˣڴ֮ǰ˶ûóȻ֣
ںܶ˵ʮİһǼϵǣ˶֪˵һôȻ
ڴκ֮УеĲ룬ֻ֮ǰ˶֪ǵˡ
˿ܾǵĳԱ
ֻҪ֪˵ʵʵˣûܹӵôһȻ
һͨԱǵĿֲڣ
һʼЩ˲˽⣬ΪʲôͻȻ֣ΪһȻڳԱ֮ìܣһٻǿӲ֡
ϾĳԱ˴֮䶼кܴìܣҪˣϼѵ顣
һΣͻȻǿƲ֣Ҳ˵֮⡣
ףڵĵƾʲôˣӲƷԭе
ȻԲ˻ڣΪҲǵԱÿĻԱҪǱҲ᧿Σֻо
ܿ죬ҲʹӸ֪ˣһҪڵģǱˣǵĸ鳤Ѫޣ
˲仩Ȼڵ᳤ƻĲµ£鳤޾ǵȨˡ
ܿ죬ϢҲ˳ԭΪȡѪ޵֧֣Ը⽫ÿһϹѪΪѡ
֪ϢˣɵúΪκϷȻÿ붼һȻ
ԭ˼ԶΪڵʵܹõҲһ֣ʮ֮һͻƵ
ȻڴȴԸ⽫һϹѪޣȡѪ޵ı
ļκһĶˣ
˶ˣΪʲôѪ޺͵һ̬ĳǿִ֧ڣҪ׷ƷΡ
֪ѪһɢޣûǿҪĲʮֲֿģǵ֣Ȼ֡
ǳƷǱˮΥɵģ
Ѫ޵Ļ϶ҲŹᡣ
ڵ֮ᷢ󣬸ضϢڵĻԱѾڡ
ĵƣѾмָϵ˴ڸԣΪƷ
ۿűһֲĴս
һԱǵĵᣬһǷͷֿȵĳƷ
κһȻǵ֮
ᶼˣ³Ʒðɣ
ȻģƷһ˵ʵǿܹᲢô
һ߶ˣܹ֤в𣡡


1322 Ҫ֪ʲôѰ·
۷׷ף˶ãһ߶ˣ˵ıӻǴκ͢ҪǣҪ
ǲΪҪ͵᳹˺
οֻǳƷһ˶ѣ
ڴ˿ѾɹΪΣյĽ׶Σ
ڵѹ֮£ǳƷԼѱϾѪѾŻҪ׷ƷɱԱ֮¡
Ҳ˵Ʒٵǿ׷ʱȥ׷ڵ鷳
ŵᷢ˺ܿ콫ĿתƵ˵ͳƷϣǿƵĵᣬƷֻηӦ
ӣƷҲֻ˰ɣ
̫ͱˣڱƵˣ
˵˷۱ˣ
ҪúβܹӦѰɣ
ڵ֮һʱ䣬жԳƷҲһҹ֮䱬˳
Ʒ̫ǿˣȻնɱ˼Զ֮Ҳֻһ仰ǽһ仰㹻˿ǿơ
УҲ֪Ӱ˶˵棬ֻ֮ǰƷƴƣûĶ֣ٶĲԳƷʱҲҶ˵ʲô
ȻŵǿƲ֣˷·𿴵˿ԶԿƷϣ
ںܶ˵УһѪ޼ȻҪǿƲ֣ȻóƷù£ƷܹԱͲˡ
һʱ䣬Է׷ɣϡ
ѾֲʵΣ
£˶ڵȴĵ
һ磬һֱĬźĴڴˣһ۵껺
ȴ˹עĳƷ˭ء
ʱһԵȺһֱӾֱǰֱס
Ʒһ۾ֱǰĿϣû뵽ڳ֮ǰȻ
Ʒ˵ѪҪԸ㣡
һֱӿ˵
֪Ʒ˵ͷ˵
һոյõϢѾˣû뵽ƺˡ
ô֪ģ
Ʒ˶٣Ȼ˵ΪѾֹˣ
Ҳû֮ǰͺѪ޽ֹ˵ˡ
˳Ʒ˵Ļ϶ʱסˣû뵽ƷѪޣȻѾֹˣҿѪ޵ͻϮȻҲûóƷ˿ԥ
ѪĴˣ̾һ˵ҵõϢѪڱչ֮Уò˶ãͻأ
Ҵ˵һ˵˼ҪĻ͢Գ͵֮ìܣ
֮ǰӵĳּ͢⣬ųƷ͵֮ìȫ汬Ʒ£͢һ
˭֪Ʒûе˵ֱ꣬˵ãѪ޼㲻ңҲȥ
ƷЦһ˵ȻѾ˺ˣҲûʲô˼ˡ
Ѫ޿ɲ˼ԶܱȵģΪնɱ˼ԶܹԸѪޣ
æ³Ʒ֪˫ʵ࣬óȻǰȥѪһս
ģҼȻô˵ˣаգƷ벻˵Ȼ֪Ѫ޵ʵҲԼİա
ϼ״ʱҲͲö˵ʲôˡ
Ҫȥôʵ
ȻڸҵĻҾҪ֪ʲôѰ·
Ʒ˵ͷ
ڵǹƥι´ڣЩȻʵ
õϢʱκزûбƷ뵥ǹƥ´ڣ²׵顣
Ȼҵİ취
Ʒ漴ҲûкͿ϶˵ʲôֱӽ̤һݹ⳯ŴڵķӶȥ
һҧһţεض𣬻һݹ⣬׷ųƷķȥ
Χƾ˵Ӱסɽĵ·һÿȴѰơ
һԼĪʮģ׳ֻϴżݶ顣
һǿֻʮµͯӣҲС֮ϣȴżֲŭơ
һһΪʵʵӣźѰӲûκβͬȴɢżΪΣյϢ
ԶԶģӰƯڰ֮ϣֻӰӰ´¿Σٵ֮࣬ǴӸظĸ֣Ҫ֤һ½ĵֺ͵֮ײ
Ȼ˿Ʒ϶Һ͵ӲƴȴҲ뿴Ʒͷ
ҿǲˣϾҲֲ˺ã
ѪޣϽҾȱô
ܹ֮ԿѪ޵Ŀɲ࣡
أ۷׷֮ʣһ˾
Ʒˣ


1323 Ǿ
۷׷ףΪƷһβֵʱأȴƷ̤Ŷݹ˴֮⡣
ųƷĵ֮ǰɵķΧѾʧΧʼ
ȻƷѾ֣ôҲζųƷڵǰЭĻǰȡ衣
ڴ֮ǰǼҲͬʱʼ֪Ʒʲô
Ʒӵľ飿ʱǸ红ͯһĵֿˣȴޱȵĲϣǱɣ
ֲǵĳԱľƨ£
ƷЦһǰԼ֡
ң᲻Ҫҵ鷳ôڻָǵĹƨ飿ΪɵǾɵ
˳ƷĻɵɫͨ졣
ôĵӣ
Ǹ欵Ůһȡ
ȻҲظ鳤´ľ飡
һߣǸһʵģҲ¶˼־˵ɷ
˼ǲɫڳƷǰһ󷨣
һ󷨣ȴܹͬʱ˵ӵ¡
ɢž˵ɷͬʱҲǰһǿɲʲô֮
նɱ󵤾֣
ƷƲһǣȻٸһλᣬڹĻͱҲˣ
ôĿɱҲÿûˣ
ǸһҺӴһҲƷ׼ŭˣҪ֪Ȼһũһ㣬ȻʵȴҲһ֣һȴƷӡ
Ǿ
ƷһȣǰЩˣû˼Щ˵ȻΪΪǰվ̨ڲ֪ٺô
ȴҪװһȻģ
ֱ˶Ż
֣
ʱǸͯһĵִһ֮ȶˡ
СųƷ˹˷·Ҫضѹһ㣬Χķ˿ҶΪһ塣
ʱһɭȻɱð˳
ɲǼ䣬Ʒͷ·˶ųһС̺֮˵Ŀֲ
ͬͯһĵȴ·ؼһ
ĹƷŲæһɿֲϢֱӷһƬĺ
һ˲䣬ƷξѾǸͯǰ
䣡
ƷһȭֱӺ˲񷣬һȭ֮мд֮˺ѿһУǸͯһĵֵĹֱӾͱƷ˺˿
⣡
Ǹͯһĵˣ֮˼־顣
ƷȴлҪ
ֻһȭѣƿеĹƣֱӽĹƴı飬ȥƲֱӳ׷˹
ʱǸ̬欵Ůֱǰһ˴Ƶķһºǽס˳Ʒȭ
䣡
һֲĺһ㣬񷶼ڲ
ʱƷſһ˴һɫ˸֮Ĺâ
Ʒ֪̾ˣΪʲôŮӾȻܹסԼˡ
֮У˿ɵأɵס¼һеĹ
Ȼʮֲģ
Ƕڵ˵еȻʮָ߶˵ǻܹеɷǶǼΪ˲õġ
ʱΪʲô֪Ժգնɱ˼Զ£Ȼ赲ˡ
ԭ̣
ԳƷ˵ʵȻףҲѰ鵤ڶѣ˼ԶԶ
뵲סңƷЦһڷӦ֮һ˲䣬ֱӺǧֱһȭ˳ȥ
̬欵Ůҡеɫ죬ʱ췺ֱ֮סƷȥ·
һΣƷû˿֣һȭֱ˺ѿֱ֮ӺǸ̬欵Ůӡ
ŮӶʱʧɫ뵽ķڳƷǰȻ˵Ĳһæɫס
ųƷһȭѾ䵽ϡ
أ
Ůһƺߣֱӵ˳ȥǶߵķһ㣬ֱ³һѪ
̫ǿˣ
Ůӵ֮־飬ûɫĴ죬ͱƷһȭˡ
Ʒǳʤ׷ֱ׷ɱȥ
ʱǺͯһĵֺǿΪʵӼͬһʱ俪ʼ˽
һȭһһһңųƷл˹
ͼƷǰĽŲ


1324 һһ
˵Ĺڷڣǵɱл۳һɺֱӳųƷɱ˹
ң
ƷЦһĴֳһץֱץһ֮һֱ֮ӻһڳձ˿նȥ
䣡
Ǳ˺˿һһ֮׷ױһ޿赲ĺӭ˵Ĺϡ
¡
˫Ĺֱײһ𣬶Ʒĳһ˲ն˵Ĺ˼֣ԳƷʱȻԵ̫ˡ
鵤۷˼ԶڳƷǰɲһοѰ鵤ڡ
һâ˵֮ʱȴһɫϯ˹ֱӾˣ˱Уסһֲĵâ
ǸŮֱӷ˻ս
ʱԶսĸֶĿɿڴΪ⼤ҵĴսҲˣԲֻһεˡ
ŮӸأ˸Ĭʮ㡣
ݼԭĴ˼ԶҲܹռϷˣֻϧ˳Ʒ
̫ǿˣǳƷʵô
־ȻռϷ磡
̫ˣ½ֻǹನɨǶ֮أ
۷׷֮ʣڴһȺڵĸ߲ʱҲɵһȻֻǱƷѹ䵽·磬ǺôҲܡ
ǸôĴ붯˹Ȼֵġ
ֻǿ֮䣬ħһӰǾ¡
Ķ֣Ѱˣ»ᱻԷ˺ɡ
ѹֶԷûҪŹǵ˼ʵǿ϶Ҳôưոݣ
ǰȫˣƷù£ܻ뿪ģ
ʱһڵĸ߲㿪˵ȻӦȴ֮ϣƷֵˣϵٶȱһΡ
˶ˣɵˣ֮ǰʵȻǳƷļޡ
ּս֮УȻ
ôôǿһǿƣ
ڵ֮УܹκεģҲָֻѪԳֲܽѹɣ
̫ˣôģŲǶʮ갡
˾֮ʣƷ֮ڲϵۣתһֲĵâ
ƣ
Ʒһϯ˿񷶼նˣ˲䣬Ѿն
欵ŮһȣȫҲȫһɫ֮УȫС
һ£һָ޷ƥеĸо
ǴʱˣΪʲôԺգǲ֪Ҫǿ϶ٵ˼ԶΪʲôˡ
Ʒֲ̫ˣ
ڸһᣬһѡ̤һ̶ˮ֮УΪЩ漸Ҫƴˡ
ȻʱѾûеĿѡˣֻӲƴˡ
أ
âֱնһɫĴ֮ϣһɿֲϯ˿˫ײΪģ˷һȦһȦĵ
񷶼ھҵ𶯣˿˫ײģһ˵ٶȱ˿
ۣ
أʱ欵ŮֱһѪɫ˲ҰףȻڸղƷײ֮г˴ˡ

欵ŮڵֵסһҽУˡ
ǵĸǰһɫĴȻն룬ֵܹסȫըϷ鱦ȻƷһ鿪
˾̾һĻȴһ˺ѿ˲񷣬֪ʲôʱ򣬾Ѿ欵Ůӵǰ
ͣ
欵ŮӸ˵ƷҲûа취ֱֵӱһն롣
˲
欵ŮӵʬֱӾͱƷץߣץѪ꣬ൽ֮ϡ
һ˵ʵֻһ˲飬ۿԼͬǵķûˣſʼĻ
˵ҲǺݽɫԲľ׵
໥һۣȻһҧ˷ųƷ˹ȥ
Թ֮ߣ˵ķѰ·ûпƷ⣬֮ǰȥͬѾף֮ǰ뷨С
ΨԹأһһ˿ϣ
˵ĹƼͬһ䵽˳Ʒϡ
Ȼϲȴ֣ԼĹ˾䵽ƷϾȻͬţ뺣ûзһ˿һĲ
֮ǰǸ欵ŮӱƷľԷ


1325 նɱ˱ڣ
ã
ʶˣƷиɻ֮ǰĶһǽǷڳƷǰûκʤ㡣
˼ǸεѣûƷƵ
ǵĹ޷ƳƷķԳƷЩв֮ǰܹƷôϹĺô
ڲŷֱ֣̫ˣȫڸЦ
ʱﻹü
˵УƷֱӻһֱֻһһ㷢˹
¥ȭ
죡
죡
죡
һ˺ѿ񷣬ֱӾͺ䵽Ǹͯģĵֵϡ
أ
ͯģĵָҲӦֱӱƷһȭ䱬
еķ޷赲סƷһȭ
̫ˣ
ȵƷͯģĵһȭˣʬ齽֮˲ڷӦ˹
һһ
һȭһ
̫ˣҶûзӦ
ԶΧ۵УǱеĸŻԼûܿƷһȭֻһȻǸʵԶԶԼҪֲĶĺͯģĵ־ͱƷһȭˡ
˻ǾڳƷĿֲʵֺɱֱֵǻħһ
Уֱͺϵһĵ֣ڳƷǰ־ͱ¾
޻֮
ʱ֮н¶˾Ī顣
ʱλףǰ˼ֱǹ

Ӻһתܣﻹ
ȴ֮ģֻͷŸոյûжãͬѾˣֱŵεѡ
ˢ
һ˲䣬Ѿܳǧףǽ߾ȫȼԼľѪҲҪӳƷ׷֮
ܹѵ˳Ʒ׷Ʒһ֮ڶɲǼѾ׷ӡ
ӵٶѾǳˣȼԼľѪ֮󣬸ǿ쵽һĳ̶ȣԳƷʱȻǺʤ㡣
ֱӱ׷ϣ
ɲǼ䣬͸о󣬽һͷֻƷһ֮ĳ͵һ
ôܣ
û뵽ԼѾôŬˣȴ޷ѳƷ׷ɱ
ͣ
â£ӱֱն룬
һֱƷӵʬʵϾƷ˽սҲǶ̶ʮϢʱѣǴĹּ䡣
ɱ¾Ч̫ˣ
˶סˣǰһĻɵˣ׷׵ɴ۾Ŀɿڴ
̫˰ɣ
Ƕ֣˻ƷѹûдҪԵЭ
ƷǴ͵ӲӲˣ
ˣҪ´ڣҲǸܵģ֮жٽ඼ǵֲģƷƾһ֮ƶòһ²пܹ°ɡ
ھڳƷĿֲɱͬʱɲóƷܹ´ڣ˵Ǹ漣
Ʒն֣˵ежҲǲġ
նɱ֮˳ȵĿ֮УƷԶһЩ˶ںڸʲô
ѵǴ㲼´ǧô
ҲģƷΨһпܹݴڵİ취
ȻûյκιڱϢ
ڷ棬ҲƷжŵˡ
Ʒûֱӳ֮УԭΪƷ׼޵ҲǸû֮أ˵ܹƵƷˡ
ʲô
£˵ͷðôһͷ
ʲôֻҪס磬ס󷨣ͲܳҲûʲôµģ
ֻҪԼסţңǵΣ
ֻҪֵܹѪ޴˳أڣ
ڵĸ໥˵
žֻƷƾһ֣óһʮֹŹֵĵߣͺһŴķ䳲һ
䳲ܲһһһ˶ֵĳܡ
ݣ
ݣ
ݣ
һƿϰٸܺųβͳŴͬһϯȥ
Σգ
ϰٸһ˲䣬ͨϵĸֱܵĲΣգһвͷ
ֻû֪ĪΣյĸоǴģЩ˶ǳԼĵУܵĿʼӴܣӴܣоһвûʧʱ
¡¡¡
ϰٶ޴Ģƻڶ


1326 ɨ
Զ˿һĻɫҰףһĿɿڴʲô鶼ûС
Զһĳɵǣ
ǵ֪Уδйĳ
Ưڸ߿֮УҲܹоֲıըھҵ𶯡
ԶڴϷϰ̫ͬʱĸоǶͨͨϵĸҲ˲ʧ˺һ
޾ıըನ˺һУɨƽһУǵĿ֮Уضȥ
ԭڱŴڵȺɽֲıը֮бըΪƽأ
ɽ屻ɨƽΪ˾壡
ֲıըನһȦһȦϯһжɨĩһ㣡
ʲôֶΡ
֮󣬲ڿڣսս˵
˶Ǳɵһ֮ǰƷһնɱҲû˶ݡ
ΪƷ֮ǰһնɱ֮սӱ˵Ҳûгǵ֪
ϰö˵屬ըĿֲԴһƬհףһĿֲڣ˺һеĿֲ񳱺ڱһеҫ۹â
һеһж׵׵ĵ߸ǵ֪
ǵ֪֮УûӵĶĴڣ
ԲŻῴĿɿڴ
һϦ֮䣬ԻٵһȻĿֲ
ˣƷĵʲôˣ
ѹԲܵˣǴҪּĻǰҲǸһİɣ
⵽ʲôȻӵ
ĿɿڴԺ֮лڻ֮ǰǻصĳ˶֪ƷǾʲôôôֲ
ͳƷóķȣκһЩսԼķʲôˡ
ϰö˵һƬսֱӻϰǿС
ǵصĸʽըǵҲѲôľ룬ҲûѿĿԡ
ĹԶ
ЩͨߣҲһ
ͨµߣϾִˣ
˭ֵܹ
ǲǷҸղҲûиоķĲǴĻأ
еϷӦ˵
˵;øӲˣʲôĻصܹӵĿֲ
ڴκ֮ûеģȫͬһ·ϵǻ۽ᾧ
ܹģ
͸ԭʼ޷˱һĵǵ̫ˣֻߵһ·͵ϵĿѧȫ¡
Σ˿ڴԶĳƷʱ򣬲֮ͬǰǰƷ
ˣﵽ׻ŶٵƣԼԽҿĻжܹ֪أ
Ǵʱٿ𽥺˱ĢɢȥĴڣѾƽˡ
֮רֺ˵Ľ󷨣һ㲻ᱻһ֮ͬУ֮ǰѹҲûӵĹǵĽҲרԺ˵֮ĴģɱĲá
ھͳ֮еһ˵ţ
ϰö˵ռعһСһĴڳ׵׵ĻΪС
ɽ屻ɨƽҲ׾ȥһֹ
ЩеԱֱӳױˣ˵ըʱĿֲ¶Ƚǳˡ
ѵǵĳôЩ̲סԺ֮лһ£Ŵ˵еĵҲ˰ɡ
һš
ƷǿǰһĻޱȵĵĮĺƽֶζڴκĸ˵㹻ˣ˵ȴʲô
֮УѺ˵ɳֶʹˣú˵·ú˵ǡ
ΪľǼʧ
Ҳ̸ʲôַܸʵ޷ǾǼ򵥴ֱ
ź˵ľֱӺɨǿУ
뿪֮ǰôǴһЩСͻĺ˵ɽͼĿռģЩսԼĺ˵һӴ󣬲ҷֶҲǹڸӣҪһϵϣһ˾ܹ˵ġ
ҲǿѧĲ֮ͬǿ֮һܹ֮أܣǿѧȴǽһ֮
뿪˼壬ѧᱻĵز
ǳƷ֪˵ԭڴѧ֮ܵĽܹ˵Ǵ˵ĻʼһӴӵϵͳ
ƷҪ·չ̾Ͳ֪Ҫˣ
Ը̫ܸ֮Ƶĳ
Щ˵ƷҲһЩһЩǱҪҲԸó
ĶֵʱЧҲûôǿԶˣױЩߣýˣ˱ȴ׷
ֻضĳϣͬĻ֮£Ӻ˵
ǲô˵һսЧ⣡


1327 ֮
ϰö˵巢ɹɨƽ˴ڣЧȻҲӹɡ
ֱӽ˶סˣ
ȻһֱΪƽص˵һŵݴʣǳƷϰö˵ȥΪƽء
Ϊֱ۵һ
ڵפس׻ΪһƬ棬൱һʱ֮ݶˡ
һսĽҲٶȷκɢ
һսĽˣ֮ǰڳƷΪ֮ˣҲһսȻӵ̬Ļɡ
ƷȻԳУΪƽأУƷһնֵ飬ڴǰҲԵòϡˡ
ڴ֮ǰ˶ΪƷᱨҲӦϸˮıڣֱ󽫴
֪˳Ʒǰڵʱ򣬻̫סˣӳȥԼȡ֮⣬ʲôôء
˭룬ƷȻ˿ң
˵¾¾ˣһ㶼ˮ
ôܣôģһ֮ΪƽأҲţ
ôǸصʲô
ǳƷĵư̫ˣ϶ǿ֧ţĻѹ׵ı
˶ǵһӦţ˶ԸϵǴΧ˴֮ǲҵ
һս֮УȻû˴ѣ
ԭЩڵĽ󷨴ʱҲסǼҪѶûа취
˵󲿷˼ûб󷨺ͽסҲûа취ѵģΪǵķӦٶҲûô졣
һս֮µĴҲڳ׵׵ĻΪˡ
£Ǿ춯صһĻͳ̽ص㣬˶֪ƷʲôֶΣ˾˵Ч
ֱף
ԭóƷǶԳƷеɵöһ亹ҺǴڣƷҲôһ£ǲ֮֡
Ӵ֮սǿߵĻᶼûУƷȻҲĻᣡ
ԾĻǵ֮еĳԱ൤ĳԱԭǴҪ飬лúô
ȴֻ亹죬ǻǵĻֻҲκĽ
˾оǣƷȻһһŵʵ
˵ƷһҲûʲôֱˣһ
Ŷ飬Ʒȴõκ͢Ҳһ޶
˰סеĴڸƷĺ˵ʲô·֮ǰ߸ζԸֻص֮ǰ˶ϨҪҳƷ鷳뷨
ƷѪ֮ìҲ¸̨棬֮ǰ˶ΪƷûʤ㣬ܻҪͷܡ
ǲ֪ƷȻӵĵ̣µֶΡ
еӲɵÿʼҡ
˿ֳִɱĳƷҲڲ֮أ벻װ
һս󣬱ҪưԴκϷ֮ƵźһӾ˵ٶſ
౾ͶԱԭٶͶź¡
ĵȻźҫͶ׹ĺô޾ź±
Ƕ̶̼ʱ䣬Ǹ䵱ƷʯѾ˳ǧ
ȻЩҫǲԼģȫƷ˹ȥƷźǿĸڣûгƷôĲƸһС֮ŽשҡУű˴١
ҲʹţǳźûиĴþǰֻҪԽȥźܹʵֿԽʽķչ
棬ڳƷִԣҲҡ
֮Уûм˵𾪣ǲɵӣ෴ģǺܿѾҵˣں˵㡣
Ȼ˵ĵطԽҲ׻Ŀֲ֮䣬һǳضữΪС
ҲڴˣΪ̫޴ԲŲ׶ãĻһãʹú˵Ҳᱻһɡ
̫ԶĻڵ˵㹻ʱ˵ķΧ
ƲЩ֮󣬴κ֮иں˵Ŀֻ΢һЩ
ҲµóƷȻ׶ãĻһóˡ
ˣ˵УƷҲһŲǵֽΪ֮ˣ


1328 ͨ
ƷʵǿĵزиĴɱ˿ƷҪʯٵĻôȷʵкκεʯٵ
˿ҲôɵҲûбҪ
սźһȻջһϿ˵Ǵȫʤһٵ춨źǿ˫ĵλ
һžžģʣѪޣ
ƷжѪ޶ٵĶ⻻ġ
˶֮ǰѪ޿˵ĵûнƷ
ֱӾ˳ƷҪ׷ƷΣǸʱ˵ĺơ
Ȼ˭֪ת־ͱƷһ⣡
ܿ죬ڴĿ֮УѪҲûţһʹȫѪ޵ּ⡣
ƷնɱĳԱӵᣬأɱƷ
ʱ¼һƬȻ
˶û뵽ڳƷֳƵʱѪȴȻǿƣ˿ã
˵֮ǰֻҪƷͷĻôһεɱȻһҪƷˣ
ʱκϷһֹϢ֮Уκĸֶʼעߵľơ
ųƷնɱ˼Զ˵УѾ˼ԶΪ˴κµ֮һ
ĵѪ޺ĳƷһҲǣκĴ¡
Ȼ˫ӰѪ޵ǹƥ¼ҹˣû̫ƷȻźźʵ˵Բ뵽ּײ֮УҲͬһɢһ㡣
ǽ˫ʵ˶Ϊ֮Ŀˣ
֮ǰƷһٻ˴ڵ˵У
˿˫һսȻǾһս
Ѫ޵ǿƷǳʧһ㣬ûκεĻӦ
˶ڽĵȴ
Ǹ߳һһоЩĿϾˣ
ԳƷıֻҲưոݣ˵Эò˫һսֻû֪һսᷢ
һսϵǸǿƣǾʹ˱ƷӵӰ쵽κõƽ⡣
˶εʱ򣬳ƷȴϵԼСԺ֮н˱չص״̬
СԺѾóرأһֻӬɲ
ȻƷԴ˸ȴ⣬ΪֱӶɽͼĿռ֮Уıչ֮ء
ɽͼռ֮УƷƯڱҩɽ֮ϡ
ʱڱҩɽϣһ޴ޱȵգԽԽ
ԶƷһ֣ʯ˲飬һɹɵͬƺһ֮С
Ʒ£ڲƴ۵Ĵһ
һγƷ˴ڣȻΪ˵Ļû޵ʲôöǸȴ˵ӣǸƷʯ֮ھǧƷʯ
һóƷĿڴֳԣˣʱ֮УȼǧƷʯȫ֮С
д󲿷ֶգǻһֱֱ
ֻʱ䣬ǰһöҲһۿɼٶȳ
һռ֮У
ãƷֹͣǧƷʯĽ࣬ǰһöҲڳˡ
һöϣһɱԭҪʮ˱Ƕ
ƷֻһʱֻоȫëȫԼĹȻ־һЩ
̫ˣ
Ʒ۾ڳ죬̷ĹͽһʱʵҲһ츲صı仯
֪ѪҲֶıչȡء
ѪǳԵ˵̫ˣǳƷȴͬˣ֣ǿһ
ٶȣѪ޿϶ǱȲģ
ɱңʱҿ˭ɱ˭ɣ
ƷЦһ漴ǰժȻһȥ
䣡
ǿҩɲǼֱͷ˳켴ֱӻһɿֲĺɢ˳Ʒ֫ٺ֮С
Ʒκͣæתʼʼƴҩ
Ʒ̾͸ܵǿҩĹۿɼٶȷ賤ֱӳͨس˹ȥ
Ѿͨ۷ĳƷûʲôϣһپͳͨء


1329 
ɵĿֲҩǳɵľͽƷΪֱƽͨأ
һм˳ˮһ㣬ûʲôѶȡ
ȻƷͨصʱҲǺܳǸȴޱȵο
ûҪͻƣҲ⼸µʱͿˡ
Եձһ綼Ҫʮʮ꣬ʮƷٶȿǿ쵽һˡ
ṩһǿҩһһȫ˳ƷĹϵӿƷ֮С
Ʒڰ֮УÿһεĺڱǼⶼܹγɺ
ɺһ㣬ơ
֮ͨ󣬳Ʒʵ˻һ㣬
ͻƵһ˲䣬ƷʵѾʱͻƵԭһϡ
һһ˵ٶǣ
ԭƷʵѾʮ־ˣ˵һһϣǴﵽ˿ֲĵز
ֱӷ˿ͬһɢ˿
ɽͼĿռ䶼΢΢ƷķֱɢɽͼĿռ֮ڡ
ڳƷڣҩڳƷĵ֮ڻ˿һԲһ㣬ϸٵתÿתһȦⵤ֮ϵͱȥһֵƷա
ɽ£
һգ۵ʱ䣬ʮʱȥˣ
ʮʱ֮УƷŲ£
磬ȴΪַ죬ʮʱ䣬Ҳ㹻óƷƽ˴ڵΪ֪
֮ǰԴһ֪ˣھʮ֮˵Ŀը֮£Ҳ֪ˡ
ǴκϷĸǵĸдΪǿң̫ͬϻһ߸ϣκϷأӵǿӰĴھȻôˡ
ĳ̶ȴﵽ˶˼ĳ̶ȣȻûһڴӴӳ
˵һЩΪԭ֮⣬ˣϵ߲㣬µͨˣͳͳˡ
ʣµЩˣǷëǣҲһЩϵǳԶŵӶѡ
ԴΪһĴǳ׵ʧɾˡ
ڴʧ֮ź̲˽źڶչҲԶˡ
Ȼʱ֮зٵҲֻǽӹԭڵĵ̶ѡ
ҵʵ͵̣ȴǶ̶̼ʱ֮ڣܹģҪµпܵġ
£صѪޣҲͳĿĽ㡣
ʣһȵѪ޳أȻҪɱѪɺӣһս֮ǰҪֲ̫ˡ
Ѫ޵ʵҲ˼ԶܹᲢ۵ġ
֮Уʵľ˼ԶӦ˵ܹΪ֮һ̶ܴҲΪڵļӳ֡
ΪһδڵǴκ֮һ
˼Զǽ˴ڵĵλѡ
ƷܹܣǻɱʵԶȽ˼Զںܶ˵ȴ϶Ѫ޵Ķ֡
һѪ޳أڳƷ˵֣֮֮ǰֻҪ׷Ʒε˵
ڶ˵ɱڣҪȡƷ
ȻƷѹûнѪ޷̬Ҳǳ׵׵ļŭѪޡ
Ҳ˺ܶ˵ĽŲʱҲ˿ʼ˹
˼ǺԥľѾѪһߡ
ϾȻƷʵͬǿо˵ʣδǰ;˵ֵ֮Уǲɵ֮ˡ
Ѫ´˱ɱ£ƷδѾˣ
ܻܲǸʱһδ֪
һʱ䣬ڳƷܲѪ޵׷ɱ֮´ۿνϡ
֮ǰԴȫȫ֪ҲĵˣҲ֪ˣò˶ãͻǴֱ춯صһս
ʱһԳƷڲ˿
˶û뵽ʱ򣬼˶ΪҶڵѪ޳֣̽Ʒǿ
Ǽһҹ֮䣬֮УѾõһϢ
ԼĪһʮ˵Ľʺ뾳ˡ
ʱϢøٴС
һ˶ڽʺûʲô˽⣬ֹŴ⽨֮Уܹ֪ͨԼڵĳĶѾܲˡ
ǧ֮Ľʺû˿˽⡣
ЩΪκӢ߲ĸȴ֪ģһȻκ˵ҲһֲӰκѹƵĴĿֲڡ
һʮ뾳ÿһϢ纣ΪֲƽʱݵĹģκ


1330 ʺϮ
ݣӦκҰʼ𶯲ǡ
Ȼʵȴǣһ˺˳ͨ˹ߣκٷԴ˾ȻĬϵ̬ȣûǲǰ
˿Ƿǳģκʺ֮һĹϵʺʱ׼£ڴκҲǻ
ڴκ˵κε˶ܺͽ⣬Ψнʺܺͽ⡣
Ϊ˶ֻҪһǰĿԣǽʺǧʱ¡
ôһ죬ֻ¶ڴκ˵֮֡
۽ʺĸֽκΪʲôһܿ⵽ѻΪʺĸóȻκҲͼġ
仯飬ˣ
Ƕһʮ֣κٷȴǱһֹĬϵ̬ȡ
ʼҹҲûг֣·ڵȴʮ˵ĵһ
ܿ죬һϢڴκ֮
һʮ֣Ȼǽʺĸ֣ڽʺ֮¡
ǴеĿ꣬ȴǱˣԳƷ
ϢģȴǹڳƷͽʺ֮ĶԹ
ʺͼ͵ǣǽȴƷˣ˻شϢҲǺܿʹκĸ߲֮С
˴ʱڻȻΪʲôʺĸ־ȻǳųƷˡ
ϾǴĸ˫Ӧûʲôǡ
ʺһβûг֣˶ףΪǲܵģκ͢ζܷκĹ֮ڡ
ֵȼĸ֣һصĿֲܣ
κڣȻǴǧµһ졣
ֻҲǰëߣһκ¶ģӣͳ군ˡ
ʵǿҲκٹ֮࿹⡣
ֶԳƷ֮ǣɱƷҲͳΨһҲõİ취
ܿ죬һ˵Ҳ;Ĵκˡ
Ϊ׵һˣһ˿ֻۣǴʹκȫͬĶͷϳһĿ˵Ϣɽһ㡣
ǰϳ˵ݣ˵ǽʺµһ󽫣ʵҲǼΪ£ɲ⣬˵Ѿ鵤ϵʵ
ûˣȻû˻û뵽Ȼ˺޼˳ƷȻ´󽫶ɳˣ
նɱҴκ֣ʮǰҲҴκСֹĿֲڣ
ڸĸ߲֮УѾʼСΧ
ǳ˰֮⣬˵Ҳ½½˳Ȼʣµһǿĵ֡
˲ɵΪĴֱʶˣݣͻϮɱκʵˡ
ݾȻֻΪ˻ɱһƷ
֪ڳƷжôʹޣ
뵽ݺʵֻҲδرѪ޲ȻնɱƷôƷʮҲûá
Ʒǻ£Ȼ֣ô㣡
ϧ˵͢ҪҲܾ˰ɣĻһҲڹԮ
Ѿ׵ﵽˣϴκ͢Ļô֮󣬶û֮أ
˶ڹע飬ͬģҲףһγƷ鷳ˡ
ЩƷ˳۵˵ʣһĺûᡣ
˻׷ϰˣƺҪۿƷͷ­նĳ
ǰѪޣһԺգƷ˵֪Ҫǿ϶١
˶֣ǳƷʮҲҪ⡣
ʱһɽ֮⣬һʮһ˵ٶȴһƬɽ롣
һ˵ٶȼ죬һһ㣬Ѹײڶ֮ƺᴩһƬɽ롣
ЩȴǱˣǽʺİһˡ
ˣΪʲô÷ɵģҪܵģ
ʱڰһĽ״ţӿ˵ϴżֱϹϾɫ
ȻҲǵ֣԰ʱȴû˿ĽΨǫ͹ѡ
Ŀ£µһ󽫣ʵʺ֮УҲܹŽǰʮĿֲڡ
֮ȻǵλѾ̫Զˡ
ҲһĿ⿴˰
ܼ򵥣ҪǸƷһֲ
Ŀ⿴Զ˶֮󣬲Ż˵
Ŀ·ܹƲ񷣬һеʵ


1331 ɱƷ
Ļ÷ɵӦøŶ԰
ʱǸɻ˵
ҪԷһֲӦٶȵǸô
ȻѸԱһɽ֮Ҳƽأվ÷ɵĸ졣
ΪΣ÷ɵģ͵ֱӱ¶κ˵ǰôǵĶᱻӣһɣһ˵һѾᴩɽ
һܹκйȻµȡسƷԴҲκ֮ϣǵ֣ȥǸƷУ
һܣڴκ֮оȻᣬ뷽跨뾳նɱƷ
һϢй¶ȥֻκ᳹׻Ȼ
ˣ˺޲óƷͬģҲһκˣκ˺ǽʺ޵Уҽʺǧĥʱ£Щκ˲֪ܲ˵
ᵽ˽ʺǧʱЩ϶¶˼ɵ顣
Ϊˣһնɱ˳Ʒô˵ûüֵˣ˵ΪΣյģǲ֪κʲôʱᷭʱиֲǵΧˣǵʵ˾˴İΧ֮УһҪ
˶ʱˣҲǱϾ˰˼κֺ֪ʲôʱͻ
˵кܶκ˸֪飬ҲΪ·һǲ£һˣͿڴˡ
ϾⲻǽʺĲԭǴκĸء
ȻǰҲܹɱӣ޶ǱɱЩϣҲԸΪ϶ɥ
κսթҹǵİΧȦ϶ѾγˣһŴһǰΧĿ⿴Զ·ܹǲİΧǱһݡ
ΪˣǵһŴ֮ǰƷɱһ֮ԶݣԲܾһǵ񲢲ҪκڲƻҪõƷͷ˵ţ¶˼ֺ顣
ɢһɱ⣬ʮ˲Ƕ֪Ŀֲģ¾͸һ
ɱ͸һֻһ
ҲһЩ¶˼ֿϧ飬ϧˣκĻɽܱռ
ʲôÿϧģⶼǳ飬׼ò˶ãǧ£κĻɽǵκ˶ɱκСѵǵūκŮ˾ͿԱǽʺߣԴԴϵΪҽʺǿսʿ
¶˼׺ݵ飬·ܹǧ̤ɽһĻ
ʵϣʺԴӵʼˣйȫɱСūŮ˱ǵߣýʺԽԽǿ
ŲɵѪڴκ֮УҲֻסеԣܴɱ䡣
֮󣬾˵κѪҲҪɱƷΪʲôǲ֮أһĸ׳ĸʵκ˹ҧǸãαԶ֣
ɲɱ˳ƷǽƷԴȥµǸҲô
˶ʱһ飬˵ȳƷѪ޴һܾ˲ǳֵĺʱ
ȻĻ겻ˣ뵽ʱǶҵ
ʵ̫Σգ¿¶Ҫǰˡ
ǵǶ޳Ʒ
˵񣬰һЦ˵ΪɱƷΪƷ˹ô
˶ֵĿ˰ѵô
ô׵ױƷŭˣȻɳô൤׷ɱƷ
ǲΪԻκ˵ĻˣôҲˣ˵۲ŴԣôΪǲҵǰκðգǲЦô
Ц˵
˰ĻʱŻȻѹǶòԣΪǷǳϵ顣
Ȼڽʺ֮лأΥ
ԭΪƷ̫ţҲ֪κôǵõϢŲǶʮѣȻܹزٸһʱ䣬δֱܹвҽʺֱ˵˴еĿġѪʲôһƷͱʮѪ޶ҽʺвҪȷˣŻģ


1332 Ļ֮
һڽʺĸڻȻΪʲôһ۲ŴԵȻ˴󷴳̬ǲЩǰκ
ȻֻΪ˾ɱһʮĺѡ
Ǳôһ˵ǲŶʱ뷨ˣǵ˵ƷʵΪ֮ݡ
ٿƷ͵Ļôͻһֲĸо
ԳƷչֳʵٸʮʱ䣬ôδܴﵽһֲ˼ĳ̶ȡ
Ʒʮ꣬ôȻǼɵҲԲЩǿҵҪɱôһˡ
ԲΣһҪɱƷκһڶǹгȴûúñҪǵԸ
Цһ˵һĨЦ·ڳЦЩϲڶκһ
ҲǿЩڶκˣܹпɳ֮ˡ
ͬʱһûʵĹ֮УһģһۣڵȴϢ
ǰͨѶʯֱ֮һĻĻ֮ϣһߵӰ˳
˵ĶˣʱǸģӿ˵
ǸˣܽƻȻѾʶһ㣬ǸҲǵ䣡ǸƵ˵
ʲôˣ
¶˼Цݡ
ȫǣⰢôƻ㵽ȥĿһǴǣֻҪڴţҲܲ
Цһһһʯ֮ƣð赶ɱˣɱ˳ƷͬʱԽնɱشʺĸ߶ս
ʮĸͳͳ˴κؿʺ
Ǹ̾ͷӦ˹
ҪƷͰЩ˵ͷЦһƷҪ־͹Լɣ˭ƻ˹µļƻɱ㣬ͷ֮ޣ
Խ룬֮еɱҲԽĨȥ
ڴκϷµӣۿջˣȴƷһٻ
ʺĵ뾳ǣκµĿ⣬ǺܿϢʺĵʧˣȫȫʧ˵Ŀ֮С
˶ʱ
иæŴǵķȥΪ֪Щʧȥһڴ֮С
ΪҪɱĿƷڴ֮С
ʱڴǣź֮УźҫⲽʮֵĽǣΪõϢꡣ
ǵõϢʱ˶ˣƷȻʺĸ֣һڽʺ֮ӵкպĿֲڡ

Ȼڱǰѫ󣬵ҲŹĴڡ
ʺ֮Уŵǰʮĸּ֣ĸֵһһܹ˵ĹעڰĸϣͶһ乬ˡ
뵽ֲĴڣڷٵĸǣʱĺë
ԱߣǷ̩
ֻǴʱ̩ҲǺܺá
ʮһʲôĸڴǵķ˵ԷҪʹɱֵĻ¶̶ʱܹΪƽء
û뵽Ȼ겻ɢȻǲ˰ǰҪô죿ʱҫ˵һֱ򶨵ʱҲеĸо
ڴӵõϢû֪ЩȥҲ˵һӣͿܳڴ⡣
õİ취ǸϽ뿪ԷĻһĿǴǣǼͱȻͶԷһ𣡡̩æ˵
԰ָ֣һжסֱӾͱˡ
ԷҪɱɱһֻҲϲ˶١
볯֣͢üҫʵ
͢ϳֵĻܹðţп϶Ҫ赶ɱˣ
ֱ̩ӿ˵һ˲˵Ļȴûʲô˼ɣΪźĹϵͬһ㡣
̩Ļʱóҫһһʼ͸¶ŷͬѰ˾Ȼ˴ҡڵĽκ֮УҲûҪȥ˼
Ȼ϶ĳЩĬҪκĹֻ֣ҪһСεʱ䣬֮ˡ
ܹЩ˳ֵģ˭ôأѵκµĹôҫŭ˵
ʱޱȵķŭŭɶȴָо
ʲôµģֻҪǲͺô˭ǵǵ飬˶Ϊɣ̩Ц˵


1333 ־ܣ
̩ĻʱҲóҫ˶ԷĴ㣬ֻҪôǳҵͻᱻ˷ȥû˻ǵǳұˡ
˶ֻῴԻ͵սƷˣҲջƻˣ˭ǵء
Щ鲢Ʋ⣬˶ɵϣ෴ģһһĴˡ
ⱾͲııֻҪ˻ҪɱƷôǾͲòðգҪٴκΧˡ
еһжϣ̸ʲôıĳɰܵģ׻Ҫ˴˵ʵ
֮УʵľǳˣûгƷĻһ֣ܹǳһˡ
ǸûеţһеϣҪڳƷϡ
˭ǳôĳأҫʱеɻ˵
үѵˣ֮ǰ˼Զ֧˭ˣһԵķ̩Ŀ˵
ɲǼ䣬ҫʲôһе˼·ˣʱҲˣĶˡ
ڴκ֮УСʮʮ˸ز۵ģֵ֮⣬һҲûʣ¼ˡ
УκڵĶ˼Զ֧ߡ
鲢ʲôܣΪӵһľļҵˣ˼ԶȻȻȻĿʼ֧˶ӡ
˼Զһ䣬ڶӵӰģƫƫӶ֮ϣмΪӰ֪жڶӵ¡
һҪЩʼҹ£Ǹܵ飬˵ǶԳָԤĻǾпˡ
ֻҪһʱ䣬ðɱ˳ƷɱôκҲ᳹޻˵
նɱʺʮ֣ǳ󹦰
뵽ʱȫˣɵ亹죬һʯ֮ƣɱ˳Ʒ˳նɱ˽ʺ´󽫣ͬʱҲܹһ¥׸ǹڵĻʳӡ
һһʯ֮ƣ
ʱҫɵҧгݵ˵
ʱΪʲôͻȻʧˣȻ϶ҲȦס
ʵϣȦײӣ̩óֻҪ֪еĹϣͲƲǲʲôĲԣҪûʵܹ
ڴѾǷ֮أֻ뿪пܶ㿪
ֱ̩˵
ûõģ
ҫЦһһ֮ʱеһж͸ˡ
ź£Ͳ˸̽ӣֻҪ뿪ŲţڵλãϾͻᱻȥûã
ҫҡҡͷңӼȻܽʺĵɱǣ֪жôˣڴУǻҷκǣһ뿪ĸɽ֮жû֪
̫ЩȨֶˣЩǳ֮ǻ˼ɴκӰ죬Ұ⣬Ǿû˿Ĺ˼ˡ
ûѡˣ̩Ҳ˳ҫ˼ʱоɽ¥
⿪һоĹؼȴǱˣǳƷ
Ҳ̫ˣȵʦѪ޽֮ٳ֣ǲǸã̩룬Щ˵
⻹˵һкˣ϶£Ѫޣ֮УѪ޻ûȷֵ֧Ķɣҫ˵ֻҪӶӵĽǶȳܹɵ֪ӵʲôףΪѡ
ֻҪܹɱѪޣô޼˳ƷѪҲͲѱ£ˡ
ڴκӵĻλ֮УҲȻٲЩֵ֧֣򼴱˴κʵ۵λҲȡ
˶ڲ²⣬˵ʱЩýѾһ˴ˡ
ֻǶҿǣΪͨ˻֪ϲȨĸ֪ʱĴѾһɽڡ
ʱܱ
еȨڷĳȥ
ӵԶԶģ±Ĵս
汻ôǾ·һˣ
ڻиĸ½ʱһֱڰеİͻȻˡ
һֱڴͻȻڴǵΧһ޴ޱȵĽ磬Ǹʮȫ˽ȥ
Ȼ粢Ǵ֮беġ
˶໥һۣǶʶˣˡ
ҲǷֹзͨǰԮı׼ֶΡ
ڴ֮еͨˣſȨƴ£ûʶʲôΣյʱ
һɿֲϢɨǡ
ȫһ˲ͬӭһ㡣


1334 һͷ
һɿֲϢɨǣеҲΪֵסһƵѹֱӹ
ʱǲͻȻ֮ǰȨӴܶȥͬϰһ㣡
֮ǰǻ㲻ΪʲôˣиϮ
ֿҲɱ飬ֲֿϢ׹һ㡣
һѹĺɨʮ˳˴֮С
Ʒǰ
һǡ
ܱߣЩʺĵڷĳֺǡ
ΪǱһһĽ󷨱УǾҪЩ󷨺ͽı
ֻǰ벽ĸ֣ԴЩˣ˵Щˣһ֣һܹʮĽ硣
Щ޷赲Ƭ֮ĹǳϷĽѾĲˡ
Щκ˵һĵ֣Ƕڲֵನǳ΢΢ζ
Ժ֮һƬհףƺǾȻǿĸ֡
ʮְ
κһн¾Ŀֲʵ
֮ǰ棬ֱһ֮Ҫˡ
˵ڵʮˣǸ޷ƥУ
ĴҲˣЩǴӽʺĸ֣Ϊˡ
ȻΪ˳Ʒģ
Щ˼ά֮ˣȻѾ뵽֮ǰƷ飡
ʮôݣڽʺ֮жǼֱʣ˭ֶԳƷ֮ء
ҪǸ޷ȫ··һ޴ɽѹ⣬˫ֶڲ޷ֵס
¡
ЩֵĿըеĽҲȻһ̮ˣ׻ΪС
ɱ
Щʺĸ֮ѪĹâƽʱһĳǳأչģɱ¾
ʱҪѪϴȫǣȴֹˡ
ѵôȱٵľʱˣɱƷȻһԶݣ
ǽʺıĽԽթȻηȴҲƽ޹ʵڴκǻΪ˵ĵɱˡ
ҿ϶ֵϢȥκѾڸ·ϡ
ʱ䣬һ˿Ķܻڴˡ
Щʺĸֱôһ˵ʱ侲ûмչɱ¾
Ȼпϧǻ֪ʲôҪġ
һֱӷɵ͵õ˾ַźϷ
ʱź֮УҲֱӹһƬȫڵϣͬ׵ĸһ
УҲֻз̩΢һ㣬ΪΪѾ˰벽ֲֿǰҲѱȫ¶ڷһĦ
ĹѹƵĲϷĦ
ҧ֣
˵һĺôͬģȻҲһõĻᡣ
ȱһᣬܹ׿뵤˵ֱڻһ뵤ĻޱȴͬޱȵΣա
˸վţɱ㣡
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¶˼飬벽˵һǶ˵ֻϰˡ
ãӣ
ʱ̩ʱһ֮־
أһҪĵ̩ϣһʱ
һֱƾճ֣źֱӺɨ˹
ͣ
һ˺ѿâֱӶʺĸֵԴǸʺĸԴֱը˿
Ȼأ
ǵĸ֣ͷ­˺ˣҲһҪ
һʣʱˣ
Щʺĸ֣ȻղųֵǸʵ鵤ڶѣǱϾҲѾ鵤ĸְ
Ȼôһͷˣ
ûзӦ
Ȼ˵Ǳ͵Ϯˣһʵֲ
ǱܵĿʼ˵ʱǻǾ׼ֻҲǵֵסġ
һ̫ˣһ磡
Ӧ˵Ǿһ绯һâѣ
ʲôˣЩһ˲䣬϶Ӧ˹׷״һ¶ʮŭݡ
Ƕûʮþȵ飬Ȼһ־һ
صĿź֪ź֮ʵģҲֻһεĿ꣬Ʒˡ
ȻһӰ˳һ۵ˣѾϵİȣᣬʵ̫ˡ


1335 赭дɱ¾
ʵϣЩڳеĵȣƷ̫ˡ
뵽˼ӱӱˣƷǵﱲ
ǵڿܲŸոѧսһսʿǽʺежҪսϽеġ
ڳƷôССһȻѾܹǱȼ磬ҪôֲŸɱĿֲڡ
ͬˣǲ̫Զˡ
漴ǲŴӳƷ͵֮лعǲˣղűƷһնɱǸˡ
ʱһ
һͷһնɱһ
ֻҲģ
붼룡
ȻƷ͵Ϯģǻǣ͵ϮҲģ
Ʒʵиӿֲ
ʱƺЩ˽ˣΪʲôȻ֮ݣֻΪնɱôһƷˣ
ʺİɣ
Ʒ˵
ǳƷɣǷ֮ȡ
ʱ˵
Ȼ
Ʒ˵
ΪˣԶһЩ
ƷĻȻ̾ͼŭЩʺĸ֣׷׳ųƷŭ
ÿСӣ
񣡡
նĹͷ
һ˺Ҫն³ƷԴʱأȴƷ΢΢һζ±һ֮˲Ѿǰ
ã֣
ʱȷӦ˹ȴֻƷ֮ϣһһŵĵľۼ˲γһµĵڡ
䣡
ֲĵֱӺ᳤գ˲ͳǸʺĵֺɨ
ͣ
Ǹʺĸ֣һ˲䱻ӦûзӦƷٶ̫ˡ
ֱһڽش
ؿֱӱƷûˣڡ
Ǹʺĸ֣û뵽Ȼ˳Ʒϣ޻֮
أǲ˼飬۾ŵϴĶס˳Ʒ
ҲɱôƷЦһʺĸ֣һĨЦݣԵĶħһ
˵ɱɱûнЩֵ֣ͬ·ߵĲݽһ㣬˵ɱҲɱˣ
ʱһ˲䣬ЩʺĸȫٴУ׷װڿսԳƷ
ɱˣ֮ǰԴٿƷڣҲһ˿һķˡ
赭д
ͷβƷɱ¾ȫȫ赭дʲôսҹʲôһѪս֮Żж֡
ڳƷ߾ȫˣڳƷǰЩǸڵġ
Ʒɱ֣Щַ׷׻˵ʳƷǿƣ˵þȵϣɾʹˡ
ʮֽٵĳʵֲ̫ˣ׾ٵľ߽ǵķǸо
ڴ⣬ЩԶԶսͨ˵˲ͫ΢΢
̫ˣ
ƷȴлҪˣ
ֹǱȴ֮ǰս˼ԶһսڳҸ˵Ǹʱ򣬾ûôֲ
ҪЩʺ֮նɱƷڿǵ뷨δؿˣԳƷʵҪߵĻֻûܹɣ
ҪߵĻֻδסʺֻҪˣ
۷׷ףǿɲȥԮ֮Ľ棬սನԽɨƽ
ڴϷʺĸֱӽΧסʮִ˷ƷΧס
ƺ³Ʒһ
ôƷһЦ˵
Ѿ޵
ĿųƷ˵
İɣûӣʩչ
Ʒ˵ţֱӽ̤һݹ⣬ʧʡ
ʮ˶ʱʧɫû뵽ƷٶȾȻô죬ȻֱܹǵİΧȦ֮ӳȥ
໥һ֮Ͼҧ׷ȥ
Ʒһ·۵糸嵽ǧʮӰĿֲƣ׷
ɲǼ䣬˫Ѿ嵽ǧϡ
Ʒ
˫ոǧϷһʺĸּɲǼĹ򣬾Ѿ˵˳Ʒǰ
ʺĸαǵͬСɽһ㣬ֱƾˡ

Ʒ赭дĵϣһֻϲ޾ĵͬһһ㣬һȭ䴩СɽһĽʺĸ֡
ͣ
ʺĸ˲䱻Ʒ޻֮


1336 һ
̫ˣƷɱ¾һһ㣡
Ӧ˵ȷʵѾȫȫһһȫ¶ž˵ĵ
˵ɫѾˣ֪ƷɱҲû뵽ƷȻ᲻ɱĵز
ǸոտͷѣȻˣ
滮ȫͬĹ滮֮УƷ׼ƣҲܹһˡ
Ͼʵȫȫѹס˳Ʒ
Ʒ׼أ
˭֪ƷлҪ׺ݣɱ¾Чʲµģ
µǣƷչֳĲٿ׵ֶ֮ΣҲǳԽ֮ǰǵõϢ
һǳֵĶ֣
뵽֮УɱɱųƷѹ˹ȥ
ˣԲܻ
ʱ򣬳ƷҲڶˣ˵˴ǣ־ûκι˼ˣ
ǵĽѾƻˣڴд֣Ƕһ˲ء
ҲԸ⿴ľ棡
Ϳȫˣ
䣡
һɿµϢӳƷ֮ͷ˳ԶԶԽ֮ǰ֮ǰڴ֮Уֻ֣ѡ񲨶ûôʽ֡
Ȼڣȴûκι˼ˣ
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ʱоһɿֲѹѹ˹ʱȻɫ䣬ƷȻʵ
֮ǰƷʵҲչֳ鵤ڵʵѣȻѾ鵤۷ʵˮƽ鱨˵Ĳࡣ
ǻ
ΪѾ鵤ڵΪʵһ㣬رĲࡣ
ԼƷչնɱʺĸ֣бŭɱⱩȴûһǰĺ¡
ȴͬˣŷӦԼϵˣ˳Ʒĵ
ƷʵԼΪԼܹɽնɱ
һʼһıԼ˱ˣ
Ȼڴн֣Ʒţȴ޹˼ɣ
ͻἫ˳Ʒķӣ
սʵһѾʼˣ
һʼǾͱƷԼĽˣ
ֹǰҲϷӦ˹Ȼһɵӣʵϣܹеϵģĸɵϣ෴ģһһӾ
̾ͷӦ˹ǱƷƭˣ
ȥǣ
һʺĸֶʱŭֱӽݹҪŴǵķȥ
ҲǳױƷŭˣԼڼϺ꣬ƷôһĺŪڹ֮䡣
ƾ㣡
Ʒһȴϣͷ˳һƬĺ޾֮Уһ㡣
֮ǰƷֻչԼʼսǿʵڣһʣͷ˳
ڳŴʱڣҲµһʣ֮Ǿ֮ϵ׻ʣܼ

һ֮˳ȥһֻ֣һѾͽǸʺĸץС
Ǹʺĸͼѣȴ޷ѿ෴ģƷͷŵ֮׵ľĻȻֱӡ֮ϡ

ʺĸֶʱҽȫʡ´һζ
Ƥ֮罹ˣƬ̼Ĺ򣬾ѾһƬ
ߣ
Ʒһߣǿĵ־ȻƷ֮ץѪƷɽͼĿռ֮н
ôײеս׽˶סˣ
Զսֻ֣ʱ׷׵ɴ۾ţ
鵤ĸڳƷϣֱ͸·߲ݽҲûʲôֱˡ
ǳƷʵô
Ϊʲôһֲʵĸоӿֻδ˭ɱ˭˭ˣѾ˵ˣ
̫ǿˣһ㣡
˿Ŀɿڴ֮УҲû׷ĸ֣ǺͳƷȣֱڸЦˡ
һ߾ȫҲɨһˮ״ϸҲѾֲܿˡ
ڳƷ֮һÿһԶԶܹͷųļޡ
ͳƷĵȣС߶㲻ϡ
ֱһϵģ
Ʒ̫ǿˣ׷ϵ򣬼ֱﵽ˾׵ĵز
ǲ֪Ʒʣ׷صУֻҪһܹѧᣬһǧԶ˵
˻ߣƷЦһǽұƵĳأãһʱгɹ
ǵɱңһȥնһܣ


1337 峡
Щʺĸ֣˳ƷĻʱ׷ɫһ䣬Ʒֹǿֱȫǽʺ
ڴκ֮УǶԼĵĸ֣˽ʺһ
Ʒȴȫͬκһκ˸ֶͬĵڽʺûһ˿һľ¡
ӹͶԽʺûκθо
Ǵκĸֶڽʺ֮ǣҲǺ޲ýж˿飬Ƕлǻм־ء
ȴǳƷ㣬ûκξηûκ˷Թ־η
ǶĳڳƷ˵ħһĴڣֻһڱǿˣֻؽһˡ
ƷɱˣʱЩ˵鶼ޱ˶óһֽƷΧס
˵ȫһγһ壬֮УǵʵҲõ˼
ѾˣƷץסֵĻһӾͳŲס
һһɱ¾Чʵ̫ˣ
Ʒ㲻Ҫ̫ˣΪӵõôĿųƷȫϢҲͬͷ˳
鵤ڣ
ѹȫ
ʵңԶôκЩΪ֮ľս
ʵѾ˵۹֮һ˼ԶԶԶ
Ķ֣ʺ֮УϺŵǿߡ
ʵȫͷ˿Ŀֲ
ҲεҲȽ鵤ܾõĴڣм鵤ڵĸ֡
ݣͻϮ۶֮ϮɱκĻʵˡ
ݣȴֻΪ˶ԸһƷ֪˵жô𺳡
֣
һȣɲǼ䣬Ѿˣͬɽһ㣬ųƷ˶
ϣһڳ˳һڳһʱĹŶ⼣߰ߣйʷϢ
ȴޱȿֲɷո趯ضǵصɷɡ
һʰ㣬峡һºˣ
ƷһʱƬ֮ж޾ƷǴǿһ㡣
˿żֱľƷķжôۺ񣬻ǣͷųһĵҲҪ߾ȫ˵ǳƷ־Ѿͷ˳ˡ
ûзӦƷĻȴƷֱʧԭأһվɷ޷סƷ
죡
죡
죡
Ʒ̫ˣͬһ磬ȫݻĵطٶȵѾһֲľ硣
ˢ
ƷֱӳһֵǰȻֱӻһѸײڶ֮Ƴַ˶ȥ
أ
ֱӱƷһ˸Դ罹ˣΪĿֲʵڳƷǰȴԵôһ
ɾֶʱҲܵһɾ˹ǵһҲˣֻĿųƷɱ
ס֣ƷɸҺҹƽһս
ʱĿڣֱƷɱһ˵ֱܴ裬ʵ֮
ʰЩɱ㣡
ƷЦһٶʧð˸ա
ԼһѾɱЩĽʺĵ֡
ЩּƷô˹ʱ־ŭ
Ʒǰǵһնǣ
ôݺս꣬ʲôʱԹôĿ
֣
ʱһʺĸִһ޼˳Ʒ
ЩʺĸּͨҪͨսϵֱֱ㹻Ĭ
ϵսһ˲ӳһģӰӰ죬ֱӳųƷ˹о޴սųƷ
˵һ֮κһ˵ĶҪӿֱֲӳԽ鵤ڣ鵤ڡ
ã
ƷЦһʱֻоԼѪڷڣȫſֽһս
УһһҵĳĻ֮£һնضնΪӡ
أ
սײһ𣬵ȴûзǰ㾪ײ෴ģƷĳһ˲ͽսն˿
۶ӰҲһ˲ͱƷն룬ȫȫ޷ԳƷһǰӰ졣
¡
漴ƷնĿֲâݺն൤ɵս֮ϡ


1338 һʺ
սھҵĻζ˶оһɾɨ⻹սɢ˳ƷĴ󲿷ֵƾһӲӳƷһĻ»ϱƷһն롣
໥һۣʱ˱˴֮еľƺȫţΪʲôƷǿز
ԳƷʱȴȻ˵ƣ

ʱеĳӰεն˳Ʒǣâ֮ۿɼĿֲ̮ĳ˷ϯ
һȴȻֱӴӳƷ֮д˹ȥ
ûܹնгƷ
ʲô
ʱޱȾ
ʱ򣬳ƷһĵѾ۶ɣֱһնȥ
ƴˣһҪס
ʱһ˴һƵزǸûеѡסƷһĻͳͳҪ군
ǻͲˣֻǵסƷסǼֱҪˣ
أ
Ʒһڶֱնս֮ϣâ֮ϣ˲ͷ˿ĵŰ˲ͺս֮С
ۣ
ۣ
ۣ
һ˲䣬Щַ׷һѪ˳ػһĵŰһ˲شǡ
ЩˣеǱֱ˳ȥɫޱȵĲҰףֻڸղһжѣƷͽǸشˡ
ǴʱٿƷʱ֮гŵ飬⻹ô
ǰʵԶ֮ϣҪ˵һоشʮ֣ҲǸܵ飬ֱ񼣡
һǶҪ
Ʒһһѳӭǣֱӳ׳͵һն
ʱЩʺĵһӶӦ˹
ƴˣ
Щַ׷ŭȼ֮еķزסƷһǾˡ
ʱһɿֲϢͷ˳һӰӭһâϡ
ͣ
â˲նȥһӾͽһӰնɱˣŵâ˾֮С
أ
أ
أ
Ŀ֮£Щʺĵ־ȻƷһնһһŵѪ
Ʒĵâʵֲ̫ˣʮ֣ԳƷʱҲǶ֡
ʵȫȫԽˣﵽһ֮У
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ųƷǰһֻͽʮĸֳ׺ɱ
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ǵְֲ·ߵĴײˣôľ͸նɱˡ
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ǿ̫ǿˣⱲӶûôǿĸ֣
Ʒôģֱǹﰡ
ղһҸоضնˣ
ԶΧ۵ĸ֣ʱޱȵĸӣƷһʵȫȫԽǵ룬֮УʵҲеֵġ
ȻǽԼнʱ򣬶ֻޱȿֲǵĻôûãܶÿƷһֲǣƷһֻҪնУͱɡ
һѾԽѰ鵤ˣѹֳƷĵˣ
ʵҲ˼ԶЭԵЭ
ڵֻҲﻢ£ΪƷֻһ˹ʺ˵˶ѣȸʲô˭֪ƷȻôֲ
ԳƷʵ˵ᣬһ鳤δ֮ڣ϶Ϊ鳤Ǻʵģ
۷׷ףǵУѾǿͷǰȫȫóƷˣƷֳʵҲǳ׵׵ĸĹۡ
Ȼ˵ԵʱռϷģҲԱ֮ƾԲĴڡ
𾪵Ļ֮ϵİƷȻһͽǽʺĵֳ׵ˡ
һѣ
һ·ĸ֣Ȼͳͳˣ
ǺεȺ˵ʵ
ʱףԼԵ˾жôļ֣ԶԶ֮ǰκһ֡
곡õǽԹˣƷ˵ƣ˰
ֵˣôô
˳ƷĻʱޱȱŭƷ֪ʲôĴôǵǿĹңӵʺҲ׷ɱ㵽ĺǣ
ƷЦһŰ˵Ҫôҽʺʲô˲ģʮ֮ڣҶ˽ʺˣŲţ


1339 ֮
κе۶ǽʺȴûУʺһɵĹңûе۶ĸģÿǵĿɺǾס֮Уˮӡ
ÿڵλöǲһģ
ǵˣ൱ڴκ۶ĸ
Ϊˣ˳ƷĻɵ÷׷һֵһĸо
Ҫͻ۶֮նɱκʵһ
ȫ˼飡
Ѱ붼룡
κ۶֮оѾǸƣȥ޻ˣǽʺĶҲҵǹƥͻ۶֮С
Ѱ·
˵ʺĹڴκ֮ϣ֮Уƣһ˵ǹƥʵǿҲֵİΧ֮У
˵ʺĿɺǽʺ֮һĸ֣Ҫ˵ˣǸǲܵ飡
ڳƷ˵ȴʲôϾƵ飬Ҳû
֮УʵпʵֵصģϾĺ˵ϴأ˵ַӾͽ˺顣
ǵҲֵܵ˵Ĺ޷ֿ
˳ƷĻʱ˫Ŀͨ죬ҧгݵĿųƷҪ
˵꣬Ѹײڶ֮ƣ˲ͳ˳Ʒ
һ˲䣬Ѿ˳Ʒǰˣһ⼣߰ߵĳâɢ˿ɭɭϺֱ綬һɱ
һѵĵâܹ֮ͬеߣ۶𻯳һɿֲĳųƷķݺնȥ
ʱ򣬳Ʒϣһɫڼ׸˳ֱӻһɫĳ˲̾ƷС
һնֱӾն˺ɫ֮ϣã޷˵Ʒ
ƾ㣬Ҳ˵ңƷЦһ㻹ûмʶʲô
ʱ뵽ʲôһá
û뵽ƷȻҲľֱӽһһӴеļƻ
ն˳Ʒлޱȵĸ˵ģ˭֪ƷҲֱӾ͵סˡ
Ȼһ˲䣬ƷͲ֪ʲôʱѾɱǰˣֱһȭ˹ȥ
أ
ֱӺУ˲䵹ɳȥϰףǿסΡ
꣬꣡
ϼٵĺһ֮УͱشˣûпѾˡ
΢΢һһƬһƬڼƬϵ
ղһһڼװס˵Ļ¾ͻᱻƷһȭ塣
ʵֲ̫ˣ
δֲޣ
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Ц֮ǰΪƷʱȴκĸָ֧Ԯ
ϾЩ˾ٿƷ˳ۣҲʮκڲìܣǿС
Ȼף֮ǰ뷨жôĿЦ
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ʵҪԮô
ʱ¶˼ֿЦ֮ǰл׽ĿԣþͽƷ׽ȥڽʺ֮һطԸϴԣȻȫΪԼĿΪԼá
ԳƷ츳˵δʮʮܾͻһɳ졣
ˣܹΪõĻΪɺ֮λҲ͸аˡ
Ͼڽʺ֮Уǿɺ֮λĵһ˳λ̳ˣڶ
İżֱЦԳƷһʵԳ֣Ļʺɶûá
÷̵ǣóĽȴôʵ飬ӶóĽۡ
ʱ򣬳ƷûиķӦʱ䣬ֱӷֱһͬһ㣬ݺ
أ
ܵľᵶֵǸǶֱ֣ӱ˳ȥ
أ
أ
أ
ڳƷĹ֮£Ǳһȫ¾ѾѪˡ
ǱƷĹӵġ

ƷһȣеֱӾͽеһն롣
Ȼƴ赲ֵܹˣֱӵͱƷһ롣
ͣ
Ѫʬ廹δ£ͱƷһֻץУȻץɽͼĿռ֮У󱬳һѪ꣬ൽ֮С


1340 ش壡
˶ס˺𾪵ĿǰһĻ
һĻʵ̫ˣ
ֻҲȫŵģ
ʮʺĵͻκ֮УиаԺյĴڡ
ǵ֪Ϣĵһʱ䣬κĺ䶯κ˶ʱעһʵǿĸ֡
ҪκٹһΧˣпΧʮʺĵ֣ҼȻпܱߡ
ȻǿݣԳƷʱȴȻ˵ĲһƷɵնɱˡ
뿪˴֮󣬿ȫֵĳƷ˵Ŀ¡
һ㣬¼Ϊǿ֮
ô
˲˼˵
̫˰ɣƷڲż꣬δʮ˭Σ
ʶµһǱģ
۷׷ס
ڴʱ֮ϣ֪ʲôʱһĿռ䴫͵ĲƣʮӰ͵˴⡣
ЩӰ죬ÿһ϶ż˿µϢ
ڱ͹֮󣬼ǵһʱϵǧȻǣǲûпһ̶ս
ûпʺЩˡ
֮ǰõϢʺΧƷʵȴֻƯǧ֮ϵĳƷûпʺĸ֡
Щ˶ʱе±ƣ֮ǰõϢȫͬ
ƷЩʺĸأʱ̲סʵ
ңǺǣѵⲻӦǵ֮ôƷЦһ
Ҳƶϳԭίʺ֮ɱء
ЩֲŻˣʺĸնɱ֮ʰо֣һٽЩʺĸΧɱ
Ǹʱ򣬾ͻ˳µĳΪκӢۣ
˭ֻǵأ
Ʒʲô̬ȣַŭһǿģ
ңʱˣǻƭƷЦһǱ˭Ҵһ仰ϴɾӰɵɣҲˣ
˵ƷתҪߣǸƷͷβ˵ĵֳױŭˡ

һ֮󣬼ϵľͶˡ
˫۳һӡʽųƷ

ԶһĻģһֲɵ³֡
˶ޱȵͬǶ֮ǰƷɱһ˵ġ
Ȼ׳ƷĿ£
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ȻȴƷһת͵һָɲǼ䣬ǸӡʽͱƷһָ˸⡣
ųƷĹȥƲ񳱣ֱӵ㵽ϡ
ۣ
ǸֱһҽУ˵˳ȥ
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Զ˿һĻɫ䣬˵һĻʵ̫ˡ
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Ʒһ
ЩȻ߲ƣײǽʺӣһȻνźڴκ棬ǵġ
ҲǼѣЩٸҳ֣ҲͲˡ
Щһͬǰĵַ׷׶ųƷŭĿӣû֣֮ǰƷչֵʵѾ׵׵סǡ
Ҫǣʱ侲ǣŷ֣ǧϣưܵľȻ־һս
Ƕսḻ֮ЩսµĺۼҲܹƶϳεĴս
˱ɱƷȻھһս֮󣬰˲ӰȻƷȴö˶˵
ѾˣȻΪˣʹҴææˡ
֮ǰƷ׾ٵľشǵһͬ飬ôҲͲѲ²ˡ
˳ƷǵϣҲǴ󲿷˳Ʒϣ
õ֮ǲɵ÷׷׵һ·Ǽ˹һ
ҲԸ޻ʵǱʰо֣Χ˰
ǵһĸ֣ĿľҪסߡ
˭֪֮ȴ֣սһͽˡ
ΪѾ˵ĳƷȻö˶˵ĻţԭӦûŵİ˷Ѿˡ
ǲɵ֪ôˣ
ڣǶ֪òöˣ
ȻƷûпպǶ˵ʲôϻֱӾֱ̤һݹ⣬ʧԶ
֮˵
֪ͨ£ƻˣ


1341 ӿ
Ʒһնɱ˰뾳ĽʺĵֵϢһҹ֮䣬Ѿκ֮У
ʱ˶Ϊ֮
˶ɵˣ֮ǰκһȫͬ
ȻƷʵҲԶԶǵ
ǲɵµ˶ڳƷʵ
󲿷˶֪Ҫλ֣߼֪Ҳû취жϳ
κһڵ˵ǿԶԿĶ
ڳĸ֮УȴҲеϵĸֻ֣Ⱥ֮Уˡ
ֳжϵ϶Ѿǿ鵤ڵǿڡ
Ĵڣκ֮УǷëһĴڣ˵ָĴڡ
Ȼȴ˳ƷС
ʣȷϵһǳƷ϶ӵ鵤ϵս
ӹɵģ
Ҳˢ˶ڳƷʵԤİ벽뵤սٵ˼Զ˳Ʒϡ
һοʮİҲһ˳Ʒϣ޻֮
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ֹǵᣬʮֻκҪΪ֮ĿΪ֮ˡ
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ֻҪٵ£ˣ
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˵
ǸߵȵƷˣһźʲôֻҪһ仰ź¾ͼȮ
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۷׷ףһֱû˵ĵҲڷˣѪ޿ǵĸ鳤Ҳܲܲˡ
ǶƣºѪ޽ԳأնɱƷ
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ºѪ޾ͽԳأ
һʱ䣬еķһתˡ
֮ǰЩóƷҲǵ
ϾƷչ֮һҲǿѪ޳ƽˣ˵УҲδػѪ޵Ķ֡
һѪ޸һմϢǾѾ鵤۷ˣ
Ϊµһȵĸ֣ΪڵµһƻҲ鵤۷ѡ
ȵѪ޳֮Ϊһɺƻıȼ磡
ΪڳƷ˵
ּĸ֣Ʒûκʤ㣡
һʱ䣬κķˣ˶óƷҲźһʱ䣬ҪͶĸ֣Ҳʼ
ûʤδֳ֮ǰͿʼվӣ
һվӣô¾군ˣ
һʱ䣬ӿ


1342 һѵ
Ѫ޵ĽƷûһֽһչص״̬
źҲֹͣ˶ţȫأ
˶֪ʤ˲ǣʱչκϷƷѪ޵ϵĻôǽĶǾлˮ¡
ɳȥˣˣ
컹ͽǵʱͻǣ˺Ƭ
ʱźͣˣ
һо͵ȴƷزܾ
һ֮УƷźûκεĻӦ
һº󣬳Ʒˣ
ȴûκ֪˶ڵȴºѪ޵ĳء
ǿȵѪºأһеʱ
һ죬ź֮С
Ʒںܵ˾˾Զ۵
ò֪ҪҵģҵûУƷ˵
Ǹ˼ĹѾұκҿԺܸĸ˵϶ڴκ֮Уڽŵκ֮⣬⣬ܵ˾˺ܶˣڴκ֮УƿһУܵ˾˾˵
Ʒ˵ͷֲû磬һµʱͿŲȫܵ˾Ѿʮ־ˡ
ңӦò˵㻹ûҵ˰ɣ
Ʒ˵
ǵȻģ֪ʦѪ޵䣬֪ɷȤʱܵ˾˾
Ʒʱͫ΢΢һҪ˵ĵģȻѪ޵ˡ
ºѪ޼أ
˶ڵºѪ޳أ
ƷôºѪ޳أ
ƷʵһˣͬʵһѪޣֻҲûʤ㣬ҲܹԱѣ
ԱĻڳƷ˵ûκ壡
ԳƷһѾԸźµȫҳѪ޵ıչ֮С
óδͻƣһˣ
Ʒֲ幫ȵ׼֮ٳ֣
ȻѪ޻δ׼ãôھǳõʱ
ź¿ûʲôʵϰе̽ӶѾɳȥˣ͵ҵѪ֮󣬳Ʒͻ֡
ʱ򣬲Ż֣ᷢźĹϵʵ̫ˣһֵıչ֮Ǿܡ
Ѫֲ˼ԶһԼĴӪ
ѪôһݵأƷһɱȥˣǿͬڣΣǱƷ
Ҳ˲⣡
ܵ˾˾ƷҲѡȥ
óƷû뵽ǣܵ˾˾Ȼ
ôϢôƷ˵
֪ھɽһΪصɽ֮бչأȻٺأܹùˣҪùңǲܵģܵ˾˾˵
ܵ˾Ȼһĵ֣Ҫ֡
ԭɽ֮УƷʱ֪ˣϾʱ䣬κĵͼûٿǲصĹģ˵Ļҿºҵ
ΪʲôңӦúûʲôϵɣΪʲôѡۏһ̯ˮƷʵ
ʼе㻳ܵ˾˾ĿˣϾ˭֪ܵ˾˾ҲǴκʵ۵һȮ
飬˶֪ǣ˶ӣӦò᲻֪ھôóóȻĲͽѵµô
˶֪ǺͶйصİɣǴͶ˺ˣ
Ϊֵĵطܵ˾ĵλǶӣڻδϻλ֮ǰҲѡͽţ벻ܵ˾ȻﵹֲŶԡ
ʦһϬȻ˵ˣҲʵʵ˵ˣ
ܵ˾˾һ۳Ʒ֪ǳƷ˻ɣһĽֻͣ³Ʒ
ΪȻڳżΪӴǿ˳۵ҲǴڣڲ֪ͨҰˣܵ˾˾ΪʲôҪͣʵΪһѱ䵽ǵòһΣ
ƷҲе⣬ܵ˾˾Ȼ̹׵ϣаѱ䵽˶Էﶼ˵ˡ
ת֮ˣΪȡųƷؼ󾿾վ˭ȻܹƵܵ˾˾ľ
΢һҲˣֻҪҲڣλ֮ޱѪȵġ
ܹնɱȻҲ˲Ը⿴ġ
ǰĳЩеһѵƷҲ˱˽赶ɱ˵һѵ
һΣƷȴԸһѵ


1343 ܵ˾˾
ȻҪ赶ɱˣʱȴãνν˯ˣͷ
ǻʲôĿģѪ޵ĴڶڳƷ˵ںһ첻һ԰ġ
Ʒ֪һܵ˾жվŵ˭˵ҲֻһҲпܡ
ƷҲ֪ˣֻ¿϶ֻһϾܵ˾ǻʵ۵ȮֻĻʵۣʵɱ˭ɱ˭
ǲܸıּΪıĻûĸʵܹӴ鱨֯ͷĿȻ첲ա
Ҫܵ˾ΪƷṩϢνһѱ϶ҲǲģȻֵĽ
뵽ƷҲˣöӹõˣеǰ
Ȼܶ˲ԼϣԼʤҲǴڣ
ƷȻûбվһߣɻʤܱѪ޻ʤ֮վǱҪõĶˡ
ңҲ˽ҪһΣܵ˾˾ҴκʺϽֲ࣬ǰĽ棬ȴûֹͣǶǰܶʤ٣ܵ˾Ҳ֪˶ֵˣ
һһնɱ˰ʮ֣˵ҹеĴʤҪ֪£ҴκЩˣҪĴҲǼΪģ㣬˾ͲЩˣܵ˾˾˵Ϊ˴κҲԸһΣ
Ʒܵ˾˾ȴûȫܵ˾˾ĻΪԭֻܵ˾˾Լ֪
Ʒֻ֪ҵѪ޵ıչ֮أǾ͹ˡ
º֮ս˭£
ƷЦһȻˣ²˳٣ϳģǵһл
㲻һֱڰ벽ôҿͻƵ
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ڰ벽ʵ̫̫ˣȻѰҲһ
Լȴĵǰʲô
Ψпܵ˾˾ݵļӳ֣ܹЩƽȶԴ˵Ǹӣ˵Ǹκӡ
һûκλ֮
ô֮УԹַһֱûܹͻƼޣ뵤֮УԼѾˣøûпԡ
˭֪ƷȴȻһϣ
ǸǴʱҲڱסˣæʵʦ˵Ŀģһп뵤ϣ
ûпĻӦв߻ħһΣȻ֮󣬾ѾûܺȫҲΪһε߻ħٳ޷뵤˵ûɣƷ˵
ܵ˾˾ʱɴ۾˼ĿųƷƺ֪ƷôģƷû˵෴ģ˵ķֺ
߻ħƷˣҪ֪ܣûж͸¶
Ӧòеڶ֪ԳƷǿȻܹôĶ
κˣʵĶҹʹЩҽȴ޲ߣЩҽ󲿷ֵĶ֪
ƷȻܹһа취ʱϣһ벽κٻŴκĻƤǻкܶ˸Ͳӡ
һ˵ͲͬˣЩƽƽϸܵ˾ôһȻ˭С
ҲûƷڻ漴ˣ鱨ϣһ뱨ϼ¼Ʒƺɵľκ˰ĳŮϵսǰƺҲڱ±ƷȻˡ
ʱвκεĻɣƷֻҲǸּҽʦֻѰ˶߼ʦݸס۾ѡ
ʦȣܵ˾˾æվųƷҾʱҲ˲ʲôˡ
ûʲôκϵƣһҪˡ
ɣ
Ʒһ֣ܵ˾˾ʱ͸о·һɾţֱ
кȻĪƷȻʹһ㹦ɲ⣬ȴлҪһٱһǧ
޷˵ˣΪʲôԭѪ޵䣬һ¶ԹȻңҲڰһѣƷϵƶڱ˵޲ߣΪǸǶ˵Ǿ֮Ͷѣ㲻ʲô£
źŰɣնɱѪޣȻˣ


1344 ɱȥ
лʦ
ܵ˾˾ϲ˵ǳǸ㣬ʱҲ̲סϲɫ֪Ϊһ˵ζʲô
һΪܹһôͻΪκ֮Ĵ
Ժ»ʵǻҲ֣ΪǸʱܵ˾֮յ鱨
ҪǣΪҲͬ˲׶֡
һˮ֮ˣ᱾ܵץסһܹץסĶֻһݶѡ
²˳٣δҹζ࣬ϾͳƷڵһվҪ
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Ҳʵ̫˰ɣ˵־Ͷˣ
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뵽ƷͺܵΪüֱһĿѣԵĸоֱ£
κνţͳƷȣͬʺһ
ûпԱȽϵģ
Ҳ˵Ĳ²⣬Ʒı󵽵ʲôʦţܹ̳
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ڴ֮ǰƷƽӹĿ£
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ҲΪˣ˾֣ԴκĻ֮У޿һⲢұͣʵ
κܹȡõĳɾͣҲǺԼĻֱӵĹϵģ
ȻгԼڻ֮ˣǧѲһοƷ֮Сļ⣬ϵ򣬶Լܹƾðġ
ȻһӴģǿڱ֧ţпܣ
ƫƫ֪ĵط
Ҳɻ󣬾Ȼû֪Ʒʦкδ
˼֮ʣƷѾ̤Ŷݹ⣬ѾɳźƬ֮䣬Ѿɳ˴ǡ
ܵ˾˾ĻƷȻҲûʮʮţΪܵ˾˾˵İԼɣףҲԼ˵Ķѡ
ʵʾΣ֪
ܵ˾˾ĻʵȴԼİգΪκ֮Уܹвģ˵޼
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ܵ˾˾˵ģôãᣬѪһˣ
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˶ƷĶԻˣ֪Ʒڸʲô
ȻƷǳ䣡
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һΪվɽǧһ޼ʣȺɽ֣ߴ֮ߣơ
ԳƷ۹⣬ȻǺܿͿˣһɽ֮УһطǱסģԺطһ
󷨰ΧĵһƬƣЩһ󷨣סɽûܹ
ƷʱҲжϳˣֻѪޱչصĵط
ɽһ޴ĳǳأƳǡ
Ƴ֮Увٵĸ֣ҲǴκвһ
ȻƳеĸֲ֪ߵĵطȻһӡ
һ˵ֶӱչ֮أҪôɭϣҪô֪ܹȷȫԡ
ڱչصʱ˴ţչʧܣ߻ħ
Ѫڷ񣿻һ
Ʒ˵һȣɽ
ƳҲһӱˡ
Ƴ֮еĸּһ˲䣬ױˡ
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ĪǳƷɣ
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ҸոյõϢƷ뿪˴ǣĪǾô
дˣ϶ǳƷˣ˭ôĿŵѪ޵鷳
Ѫ޵ıչ֮ӦǻܲŶԣƷǴӺδ֪ģ
û뵽Ѫޱչصĵطɽ֮У
ĸ۷׷ףͬʱ·׷̤Ŷݹ⳯ɽķȥ
ɽϷƷһһӡʵ죬㳯Ǹסɽȶȥ


1345 һ
䣡
ڳƷ̤󷨵һ˲䣬ʱоһ֮˹
һĵֶᱻһӵɿ˵ͨˣ󷨵ķܹ֮ش
ƷǺεˣɲǼ䣬ѾӦ˹ǵûбɿ
෴ģƷĽ»ͷųһ֮
һɵ֮ˮһһȦһȦĵ
¡
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ԭӦֻһѰɽȶѣǲ֪ʲôʱʼɽ֮Ѿ˸ֻĹ񶰣ޱȻ
⻪ĹȺ֮Уȴ࣬ƷһɨȥҲ˶ѡ
漴ƷˣѪ޵ıչ֮أԿ϶Խ֪Խá
ܹģȻѪĸ֮еĸ
ȻѪɢޣɣǲһ֮˶ûˣҲͽܣֻǺʹģɽյӵȡ
Ѫ̫ɢˣҲûмˡ
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һĲͬ
ڳƷƻ֮һľѾ쳹ɽȣЩ˼һ˲ͶӦ˹ˣ
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ӰȻǰ벽ĸ֣һһң˲ͽƷΧˡ
ʲôˣȻôƹȣһһȣƷ֮УҲޱȵ
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ʱƳеĸҲ׷׸ϵɽߡ
ڿƷʱ򣬼һӾϳ˳ƷųƷȵһ׼װ磬Ҳ˵Ժ֮ӡǡ
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ݲ۾һɳӣ
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һΣ˶ΪƷԹԵĵºѪ޳صʱ򣬳Ʒʵжˣˣ£
һ¶Ȳˣ
иƷ˶ԳƷʵĲ²⣬ôɱţ֪ƷԼʵžԵġ
Ѫֻ벽ͿԿ鵤۷壬ƺҲ˿ò
ǾͿ˾˵һĻ
ȴЩƹ֮зɳˣǱϴһ׷ͨ˫۳ųƷɱ˹
Ͳ˼˫ʵ࣬ǵܸûʵĲĸ
Ʒֻһ˫ֳһץ͵һӳ֮ץһܿ죬һͳ׵׵Ļһڳ
âֱųǵأϰɳ͵һȥ
ɲǼ䣬ͺƬضնһ㡣
أ
أ
أ

һıըЩɱƹеˣδ棬ѾâǿѹɨУ׷ڰ֮ըѳһѪ
벽ĸҲǺ⡣
ֻҪâɨˣʲôĸ֣ͳͳըѳѪ
һ


1346 СҲҷ
ʲôˣƹǰ
ţһŭд
һŭ񳱣ϵ
ԶƳǵֶʱΪ֮һ䣬ʣѪޡ
ѪҪôԭΪº֮սû뵽Ȼǰˣ
Ҳǣû˭ȵͻȥһսɣ
֮սʧܵ˾ͻֲѰд裡
ҲףƷΪʲôҪѪ޻δصʱ򣬾ɱȥϾһսһʧܣͻ
Ѫޣ㲻ҪɱôԼˣбɱһҿ
Ʒһֱ˵
Ʒԭ㣬
أʱһӰֱӺ˳ǿֲϢƬɽϢǵأȻأȴϯһС
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˷׷׵һѪ޽ֻһϢѣϯɽԲڣȻܹоѪ޵ĿֲϢ
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µĴκ֮һѪޡ
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ı
ͱȣǸڱϵһԪʲôֱǲͬն
ڳŴ֮УһǿߣҪڱ˵ϣһԪͿֱӻһˣǲĴͨ
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Ѫɨһ۳Ʒַ֮ڵɱ⡣
û뵽ƷȻʱ򣬾Ȼɽ֮С
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ڳƷնɱĵӺЩʹӶ˵޹ؽҪС£
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ƾ㣿ƷЦһҪն㣬º޹أƫƫҪֽҾҪ˶֪µ³

Ѫһŭ𣬻ͷ˳Ҫ˺˲񷣬ͬǧڱһ㡣
ɲǼ䣬ƬʱһƬѪɫڱһУֲ졣
ֻʵ˵Ѫ޾ͱȰҪǿ̫ˣѰܹĵĴڡ
ԶЩƳǵĸһ˲ͱѪɫϢɨʱֻоԼеɱͬʱʼ̾Ͱеɱ⣬΢΢ת֮Żָ
ȺǸޱ𺳣ôԶֻǱϢɨȻܹӰǵǣýһĻ»ȫѪ޵ϢӰ졣
ףΪʲôѪ޺ųȺս޵ˣһȥ٣ͲˣᱻϢӰ죡
˾岻ѣˣͲǰ
޾ѪͷſԽԽŨȻ֮ϣѪɫıЩÿһѪɫս£Ѫɫսìһ֧һ㣬ųƷɱ˹
ǧһڣǺεȿֲƣȻӹɵģ
СҲǰ
ΪѪ޵ֶζ𾪵ʱȴƷһȻֱ۸߸߾
ɲǼ䣬һ֮ڶΪģɿµķ籩
ķ׵׻׵¼ˡ
ĵǹһ˲γɣֱӾγһǽ
֮ܲϣ˸Ĺâһ¼Ҫ˵۾λˡ
ʱ򣬳Ʒ΢΢һֱ֣Ѹײڶ֮Ƴǰһ֧Ѫɫϯȥ
ֱγ˿µķ籩
أ
أ
أ
һ޴ĺ˾ֻЩֱӺЩѪɫıϡ
ЩѪɫı޷ֵ׷ױմ򱬣
ֻЩѪɫıɵķһ˲ͳױɢ
ȫһ


1347 
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ֻһƬѪɫĴڳƷ֮ɵıǰһֱӱմ򱬣һ·ϯȻֱӳɱѪ޵ǰ
ʱѪ޵ֱӾͻһףЩ׷
䣡
䣡
䣡
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ּĸ֣֮еĺһҪԸǣʣҲֻһ취Ǿӵͬĸ֡
Ļûа취Կ
ʱһɸӿµѪ˺ѿЩ֮Χ֮һɨա
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˿ˣһŵ۵Ӱ֮Уһϵϡ
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һȻͬô£Ӧ˵ȴлҪ̫̫ˣ

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Ȼû뵽ǣһȭ䵽˳ƷϣȴûܽƷ˳ȥֻбһһ
ͺǽ߾ȫҵһ֮һ㡣
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˶һǿ˳ƷȻԭվŲȻӲȭͷͱ廹Ҫһ
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ʱѪ޴һǾ޴ѪɫӰ͵ȭͷϸŵࡣ
ķȼգһ˲仯˿µĹ
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Ʒ˸ӿֲıըǾȻǲܺƷֺ
ԣûдгƷ
ʱȴֻȭͷԭΪѾ˳ƷȻʵȴûУȭͷֱҵ˳ƷһĵطȻͱƷһһ赲סˡ
˻ǻƷʲôֻһѣ赲סӵĽ
˵һ˵
Ƿ˾˵ʵڴκ֮Уֻ¾ƻҲ˵ԼôҲľͽѪ޵һӰɡ
һȭĿֲһȭȥıըɽѣ޹⣡
֪˶ǿУ
ȻڣԳƷʱȴá
ѪޣѾõô̫ˣƷһһѧǼΪ˵ãһ˵־֮ԻĶԽǿƣôһ׾ѧҲԽ˵á
һӲ˵
ͬεĶֻ֣¾Ǻɨ
ǰһȭֻ̾ͻɾ
˳Ʒ˿һ㣡
һܣʵȭƣȭ֮е־ֱֵܹ֮Уɻ룬ֱ
ֻϧ˳Ʒ
־ֵ˳ƷԺ֮УͱƷԺеˣһǰ㶼ûӰ쵽Ʒ
ҳƷ־ᶨôױȭӰ죡
ܣôһ㶼ܵӰ죡ʱѪɫҲڱˡ
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¡
ķɢ˿µĲϯɽض΢΢з츲صܡ
ˢ
Ѫ޽͵һ̤λһѪɫֱӾ˳ƷǰͷϣȻһ


1348 Ѫ
һ޴ĹɢޱߵѪ·ոմѪˮ֮һ㡣
һϣд֡
޵
ټ޵֮͸һĸо
޵ֱѹһȻֻƷѣȴѾӵĪܣǷܹᲢ۵ġ

һ޴ĺһ޵䵽Ʒϵʱ򣬳Ʒ϶ȻֱȼһаĻ棬һѪɫãֱӵסһ޵
ħ˼ͼڹؼʱԶˣ
˳ƷЩĲϵļ͸죬ħ˼ͼҲӷ𣬿һʱ䣬Ȼ˼ΪȻĹâͲơ
Ƴ֮е֣ʱޱ𾪣Ѫ޵ǿǶû뵽ƷҲǲضá
ѹֳƷʮ㣬ֱӷɱţ
ճƷֲʵδڣܹȼĶˡ
ΪƷǿƶ𾪣ѪҲͬˣԼĸֶΣԳƷʱ򣬶ûκΰ취
Ʒ֪ôôǿƵΪ
һܹزǿĿˣ
Ʒ
ѪޱһѪɫĻȼȼգ·ĻһԳױȵ
Ѫ޶Ҳſ֮УԻ˿
һָоֻһ˾Ϳƽһ㣡
ָһŭǷʬ
ɲǼ䣬Ѫٶȳˣٶ۳һȭͷһǵصǿϢ𣬵վͻһµӰӡ
ÿһëķ۶ɵġ
һȭȭǵأȻóƷһ޷޿ɱܵĸо
ʱһֱ˿ĳƷҲʼˡ
ղȭҲѾ̹ˣ㿴ҵȭɣ
ƷˢһӣһֱӿԽ˾룬嵽Ѫ޵ǰȻ͵һȭһȭʱһɫޡ
ȭһ⣬᳤ա
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ȭһӾ˺ѿѪ޺ӡ
Ѫ޵ҲǼΪǿƵѧκ˳ƷİȭǿƶǿƣƷֻǿơ
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أ
ƷȭȥƲֱӺ䵽Ѫ޵ϡ
ѪһƺߣˣֱӺȥϣһ׸ֳУҲǿһףȻؿڶܱƷһȭѪģ
ˣҲܣֻоһ˺ڣ
ʱ򣬳Ʒ֪ʲôʱ򣬾ѾɱѪ޵ǰӰΣûҪܵ˼
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Ʒһ⣬֮£һֻһֻ񣬺᳤˲ֱײѪ޵ϡ
أ
޷Ѫ޾ͱֱӺˡ
ԶԶ˾ֻܿƷ·ǿ˵ģʽȫȫѪ޸ˡ
Ʒٶʵ̫ˣǻƷĶ
ǳƷʩչ¥ȭ֮˵ٶһȫµĵز
ǵֶϳƷٶȣοЩͨͰ벽

ֻܹƷλɫĹߣΪٶ̫죬µĹ߲ˣɵĹ߻δɢЩĹֱս֯硣
Щÿһܹɽʯοôȫһ˵ϡ
Ѫ޼һҽУ˲䱻ɳȥԶϵףһ˲ͱˡ
ڶ̶ʱ֮ڣϵ׾ͳ˳ƷεĹըѿ
ۣ
ѪһѪ˳Ȼ󲿷ֵĹ׸ˣǽʣµһ֣ҲȻǼȿֲˡ
ѪֻоԼ߹Ƕһ˲䱻Ҷ˺ü
ֲǣƷٶ֮죬ʤÿһȭǼ˿£û׵ıֻ¾֮ء
֮У˸ž֮ɫû뵽ԼȻгһջᱻƵϣǺ޻֮
ƷʵȻôֲ
ԼѾ鵤۷ʵǳƷչֵʵȻܹѹ
ô
޵ǣֻһˣֻһܹͻˣǸʱƷȻԼĶ֡
ƫƫƷûиᣡ
ԶƷһһʵ죬Ƭ֮䣬ͳѪɱ˹ûκͣЪ
ƷҵģҪҲҪһᣡѪŭһϵķͻȻʼȼȫϢȻְθһ㡣


1349 ɱѪ
˾·֮ѪҲֻܱˣ
óѹ׵ʵ
Ѫޱƣȫʵһ͵سɳһء
ԭֻеĵѪޣʱȻ˼ѹԡ
ѪеķŷѾԽѰ鵤۷壡
ͻƵ鵤۷ķȴƳҪ
Ѫһһٵ˵ƷƳ˵ơ
ֻһطһֱ浽ڡ
Ҫ֪ÿ˵ʵһˮһûؿ֮ǰһޡ
ʱ򣬾ͲٸһӣˣҲʧȥ
ʱڱ̫Ĺôһ㣬κ϶ˡ
˳ƷҲˣֻļԶԶѰ˵Ѱ˵ļû塣
طķ˶꣬Ϊͻ鵤۷ʱһܹ˳ͻơ
˭֪ûͻƵʱȴ
뵽һõĻԼˣѪеŭڷȼա
Ļɲ˵оеģ
һδˣһҪͻƣҪڵȼˣҪڵʮ꣡
һжΪƷ֮б˺˵ɱ⣡
ȻûͱˣҲͲᷢչز
䣡
Ѫ޶ˣ΢һʱ춼Ѫɫأֱӻһӡ
Ǻ֮ǰȣһǿ̫̫ˡ
Ȼֻһضѣǵּĸ֣һ㶼ͻѹյһݡ
Ѫĵƣ
Ʒ¶˼ص飬Ѫ޵ʵȷʵֱ࣬״̬֮£Ѱ鵤ڸסС
ǰѪ״̬µѪޣֻʮжסͻᱻˡ
ǲӵ»ᱻѪֱնɱ
ּĸ֣˳ƷĹ˴ֳ֮ʤܼ򵥣Ҫֳûô򵥣
һ޴ڸոոֳʱ򣬾ֱӳųƷѹ
ӣɱһǿУ
ԭĵƣѹ˲ҪɱңҵҪôɱң
ȻѪʵ˺ܶ࣬ǳƷȴ޾塣
ֻǺ֮ǰȣѪһЩвĸоȻֻǾʵѡ
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Ʒһȣͬһȭɱȥ
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Ʒ󻯳ȫֱ˺ѿѪӡ
ңѪŭһֱٶһȭһ޴ӡ
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ȻĹƷҲֱһɨǿ磬ͽѪ޺˺ѿˡ
һ䣬Ҫסң
Ѫһ̤Ǭϵĺӣÿһȭɽ
ĹԳƷʱȴͳͳֵסˣ޷ԳƷɸв
ܣôܱһǿ
Ѫŭ𣬲ƺѹҲԸţƷȻҪǿʵ
ѾƴȫˣƷôܱǿ
ѪһֲѪɫâһɿֲĺųƷϯ˹ҪƷû
˿һĻɵõһѪɫâϯķϵˣɵˣ׷׳˽磬ǻǵսľ
һָоһѪɫĹâɨУǿ˵ǱɣûдĿԡ
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Ʒһһֱֻӻһֻ֣ӭǣһѾͽһѪɫץУȻһһķ顣
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ʱҲЩԶսƳеĸַ׷һ
ţֻƷһѪɫĹâ֮󣬼Ѹײڶ֮ƣѾɱѪޡ
ֱһȭѪޣ
أ
һ޴ĺţ˾ֻѪһƺ֮һѪ˳ߵķһ
ƷȴûͣЪʱ򣬼ɲǼĹ򣬾Ѿ׷ɱȥһȭݺݺ
ѪһѪйƤһȫĹڷٵʧ
ڱһǿԼȴƷһȭơ
⵽ǿķɣȫըѣѪ罦
Ѫ޻ҪƷֱǰһ֮۳ɵһնȥ
ͣ
Ѫ޵ͷ­ֱնɿ˲


1350 𶯴κ
Ѫ޸ը˿Ѫ޷ܵס֮ķֻ֮ǰǿѹȥˡ
ͳըѿˡ
ľѪͱƷһսɽͼĿռ֮Уˡ
ʱƳ֮еĸ֣һĻþ޷Ӧ
Ѫ޾Ȼˣˣ
ˣ۹ѾƷնɱˣѵҪ۹ȫնɱô
̫ˣѪ޴ͷβƷѹˣʵ̫ǿˣ
Ҵδ˿µĸ֣òѾ鵤۷ĸ˰ɣ
۷׷ףֻѪ֮˵̩ˡ
ʱոյõϢˣӸֱӴ͵ƳУȻѲƣΪܹһ֮սҲֵõġ
˭֪ȵǵʱѾһƬǽ壬ѪѾƷնɱͬѪ޵ĵӺĸͳͳƷһնɱ
Ļನûп
ȵǸϵʱ򣬳ƷѾ뿪ˣǽֳ򶷵ನǾ֪ʱսжôľˣ֮л˫սನ
ܿ죬ǾʹƳǵĸֿ֪Ǿ춯صһսʵˡ
ǳƷһ֮ƹȵķ磬һɱƹ֮е֣ٵǽӶѹѪޣ˵ѪɱƷɱʱ
˾Ͳɵ÷׷׸ŵһЩľˣǵڼγƷݺݵĳ֮⣬ԼҲǵˡ
ƺ֪ƷʼƷͽ֮⣡
Χ£ΧɱδܽƷɱ
Ѫ޶˳Ʒˣ˶ʶһ㣬ǾǳƷҲˡ
Ѫ޼ģҲֻ˶ѣĸ˵ܹٷְ³Ʒء
¾һƻҲûٷְٵİհɡ
ûܹһƷɱô֮ҪٳƷֹı
˿һֻ֮³Ʒ֮޿赲ҲΪѪ޶ǵúͳƷϡ
źͳƷȻΪκϷصһȻ
ڳƷ뿪֮󲻾ãϢѸײڶ֮ƣŴκɢ
һҹ֮䣬ƷնɱѪ޵飬ͳ˴κš
ͬһʱ䣬һӷˡ
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˶ôģʮѣڳƷ˵ǵָһӼˡ
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˿Ǿֵõģ
˭֪ƷȵǸʱֱȥֱӽѪնɱ
͸¶ĲǳƷ˵ʵһ档
ǴʱѪѾͻˣôȴƷľͽһսƷܷȫ˶֪
ǳƷôˣ־֮Ҳ
ֻǲ֪ƷоԱİգŻѪ޵ģǿƷڶģȻƷڶӮˡ
ûѪ޵壬ڴκϷľֱչݱһгƷ֧֣³ҵͻֱӳԳˡ
۶Ӹϡ
ӵõѪҲ˳Ʒϵ֮󣬶ʱ־ŭ
ǰȻѪޣƷһѰٶٶ֮죬ԶԶ˵
Ʒ
ŭһƷһ첻ʳѰʣһС۵ˣȻƷҲڱر֮
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ˣһ¶˾ģôǷǳֲġ
ڳƷѪ֮󣬱Ȼͻڳ鷳λΪؼʱгƷôһǿ˲ɵֵĵˡ
µЩҲĻ̻ˣϾǸԼΪͼ֮ɲΪѰ
Ҫ취


1351 ìܸˮ
ҧгݣޱȵ
˼Զˣ֧ҲƷ𣬵Ѫޣ֪˶ٴۣ˵Ѫ֧
˭֪Ѫ޾Ȼ˲һôɵľ˳Ʒϡ
ƫƫѪȥ֮κ֮Ҫҵֵε֧ߣǸܵ顣
Ѫ޺˼ԶǴκ֮һʵӰ൤֮еٮٮߣûֵֶ֧֣ڳеĸҲ᲻ȣеһУƮƼʱɢ
һУǳƷɵģ
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ټκȻֻôˣܹӱģҲôˣΪΪ֪Ĵڣ֡
ȻҲи棬˼ԶǰϽӹ֮һͷ
ǻûйһͬ㣬Ƕ̶ʱ֮ڣ֮һĸ־ô˳Ʒϡ
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˵ˣƷпܾôһ·ɱȥκĸֽ췭ظ
ڣƷĿŵľ͸ɱ˵ĸ鳤Ϊ鳤ҲµһֵƻģѵͲһ㷴Ӧô
ƻҪԳƷ֣ôԳƷֳֻǿӲԿǿӲԸǿӲԿǿӲˡ
£ֻκľҪ췭ظˡ
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һʱ䣬κ£ӿƺ˵Ŀⶼ۽ССĴС
̽Ӷ½˴ǣǵУʣҲΪδκܳһʱ֮ڵķƾۻ֮ء
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ǸĶѪȥҳƷ鷳ˣȴǱˣǵ۹Ķӡ
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ڱΪǷУ
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һʼ˵ĵһӦǲܣܿ죬ǾˣԭҲѲ²⣬˼ԶǶҰ˼ԶˣҲƷһҹ֮ȫ⡣
Ҫ˵˭ʧ󣬺ʣǶӡ
ӳֱҲͲΪˣ
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˱ƷһնɱóƷΪ˴κӢۣƷֱһնɱѪޡ
׵׽ܹ£Ӱ쵽һ
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ʧǲ󣬵˼ԶѪĸ߶˵֧߿ɲǾܹҵġ
ּĸ֣Ҫôһ֧ĻӣҪôһ뵽ӵĶλ֮С
˼ԶѪ޵Ҳ˵ǽһϵֱӱһϢˡ
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˵ƷնɱѪޣǳ˶һϵ̡
ֶĵܹӰκĳãųһ죬ûɵġ
ܹҵֵ֧֣Ҫܹ˼ԶԼѪ޴ӰᲢֻǺѡ
˵Ӹ˳ƷôһǴǿˡ
˭ֻҪƷ䣬ʮ꣬Ƕʮ֮ڣƷܹʶµһδܹߵʲô̶ȸ֪
һǿУЩҲδظٰˣϾѾ˼ԶѪǰ֮
ǳѰ·ĻǾԲôѡģ
һʱ䣬κȻ


1352 κ͢
һΣҲˣһ֣ܹԳӰ쵽ʲôĵز
Ҳ˹עصڣϾȻȻڱƷʰĹǺǱϾκ
ڴκ͢УʵǿĹźͻʼҵһ֮⣬д󽫾Ҷɵȶ֣ʵǻڵ֮ϡ
ʣΣκֻ͢²ƷĶԶӸϾɱ
Ͼǹϵ˴κ͢棬˿Ʒǵǿôܲ˵ɱ¾ͷֻѾôκ͢ʮּɵˡ
Դκ͢Բò
ǴӳƷչֳֻҲǲ׵ưոݣϾ֮ǰ˼ԶǰǸǿѪޣ˿ǳƷܹԸ˵ġ
Ʒõİ취ʣѡݱܷâƫƫƷû뷨ɱϣ
ƷǷŹŹµĻֻ֣ҪҲס
ǵһʱ䣬˷ӦˣȻ֪Ϣʲô˴ģǺʣҪƷκ͢ìܰϡ
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Լˣû뵽Ȼϣ
֮󣬳Ʒ˹ĺһȻ˵ŵѾƺˣʣµٰ㿪һӣշץҩ֮󣬾ܹȫתǸʱٿ뵤˳ˮ֮£
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ȻƷ˵Ϊ˻ر֮ǰѪ޵Ϣ
Լȴ֪ѪһϢֵóƷôæȻڳƷ˵ⲻǾ֮ͣǶԼ˵ȴ¡
Ѫ޶ڳƷ˵Ȼĸ󻼣ǴܵˣѪҲɱƷ
δҪʱСĳƷı
һ飬죡
лʦæ
ܵ˾˾æ˵
ʹӦ飬ҲûʲôӦòֻΪɣ˵ɣ͢ô˵ģƷЦЦĿһܵ˾˾Ȼ󿪿˵
ʦһǴ͢ģͶӵ飬ҲѾ֪ˣϣܹŶһܵ˾˾˵


1353 κ͢Ĳ
Ʒһܵ˾˾Ȼ˵ΪʲôҪŹһ˵ѵΪһ׷ɱô
ܵ˾˾һ۳ƷȻ˵ʦҲӦܹףǶϵѼѾһôˣߵķʦķֻ²ưոݣ
ܵ˾˾ֱԲ˵ЩʵҲ㲻ʲôܣĸֵˣܵ˾Ѽǵ鱨
ֻһ֮ǰӺǰͻܵ˾С
ǳƷ㣬ǺԤ׵ģ˵־ͳˡ
ǵõ鱨Ʒһ֮ˣҲԲһݴȵܹ׷ŹݺԼĵˡ
һжг𱨳֮ˡ
ˣǴκ͢ʮֵļ֣
κ͢һΣҲǰδеĵͷˣ˵Ԥ֮⣬κ͢ԵȻﶼֻĬûеͷ
һ˶ӣΪӵ£͢ǵ˳Ʒôһ֮⣬ͬʱҲƷʾͷ˼
ǳ˵ϵģҲܵ˾˾ϣǳ˽⵱ʵ۵ԸǿƹˣҪͷǸܵ飡
ִƴȨ֮ͷһΣ
Ʒˣ
ϾѰ˿ƷȻʮǻʼҵһʹ󽫾ҶɣһӦöڳƷ֮ϣڶԳƷͷҲĬ˴£ȴƽϢ
ܵ˾˾ȴ֪ΪʲôҪΪƷֶ̫ˣȻ֪ƷõʲôַʣǵҲǵֵ˵ġ
һըɨǱɵ³
ƷҲַŵ۶һοըֻµ۶ҪΪƽأҲΪɵƷĵط
һƷôκ͢˼ɵͷϺ˵ĻôǴκ͢Ҳòͷò
Ҳ뽫ƷƼˣĻôһƵĽ֣ҲԸ⸶֮Ĵۡ
Ʒεˣ̾˴κ͢׼ɵʲôʱ΢΢һЦʹú˵Ϊɱô
ЧﵽˣѡûҪԸһںαضϰö˵
Ͼڴµͨˣɱɱһ֮䡣
ŹҲǲУܸʲôôƷ΢΢һЦ˵
ǸδĶӣƷɱеģ˵ɱ֮ģûôǿҵɱġ
Ͼ˵ǶӲһɥ֮Ȯû˼ԶѪ޵֧֣ᱻ̲ɢֻǰ
ɱɱһ仰飬ȡ㹻ĺôǷõĽˡ
͢ĬźԴκϷʩӵӰڵйϵ棡ܵ˾˾˵
ⱾӦõսƷƾɴ򶯲ңƷ˵
ʦ㲻Ҫ̫ͱˣȳ͢˵Ҳûкôѵɱ۶ɱôܵ˾˾˵
ʲôܵģǽұƼˣһ֮ˣƷ˵
㡭ܵ˾˾ʱƷĻҭסˣ֮ſ˵֪ʦӦûδ뵤ɣ
ȷʵûôӰôƷ˵ֵĴԽԽ֪࣬ǵҲԽԽࡣ
˶ɵӣͨ͵ֶλġ
ֻҲӾĳЩ˵ĿֻţͨĳƷôֲˣ˵ôδεȿ£˿Ρ
ܵ˾˾Ҳ֪һģֻǿƷôˣҲ֪ô˵ˡ
ȻûӰ죬ʦҪ뵤زװɣܵ˾˾ǳƷͨͼ޵еĴڣҪһѶȻѰ˸
㵽˵ʲôֱ˵ɣƷ۾˵
֪ʦ֪֪Ȫʱܵ˾˾˵
ȪǾȻȪƷʱɴ۾ΪһӾڵʵļ֮ҵ˹ȪļˣһּΪȪˮȪˮôǳ֮࣬Ļ˵һӿҩƷһ̨ס
ǸУҲԼԼٶȣҪǣȪһãǾǿԳͷڵǱܹ˱Ǳ
ĿǰѾͨصĳƷ˵һǾͱҪͨ۷壬Ψпͨ۷壬ž߱˳Ŀԡ
Ҫͨ۷壬ͱҪͷеǱܡ


1354 յ˼Ϣ
ȪܹͷųڵǱܣˣóƷΪ֮ĿؼǣȪܹ˵Ǳܡ
ʮѵˣ
ֻͷǱܣƷ֪вٵĵرܹҲ֪Щҩܹʱ䣬Ȼܹͨ۷塣
ֻʱ϶ҪһʱˣϾЩĵرҪѼ벢ס
Ȫܹ˵Ǳܣ˵Ǳм޵ģһܹﵽʲôĳ̶ȣǱֱӵĹϵ
Ǳܣ츳һСȭʮ꣬Ҳסһ֮ȭµЧһ
ϰһ츳ģ츳ԽǿǱԽǿδܹﵽļҲԽǿ
츳ϣϵ츳ʣܹͨ鵤ĸ֣Ϊǻʼս˫϶ʣǱͱѰ˲֪Ҫǿʲôزȥˡ
ǼˣҲм޵ģȪܹһǱһĿʵ
ԺԽǿĶ֣ͱһؿԼļޡ
Ϊѵõģ
ּĵرǳƷҲܲΪ֮Ķ
ʦӦҲѾ֪ȪʲôˣȻ֪ʶԨܵ˾˾æ˵ֻҪʦϣŹһԸṩʮȪΪΣ
Ʒ룬˵ɱɱʵһ仰飬ʮȪǿ˲õˡ
ãֻҪԸṩʮȪҾͷŹһȻǰңңǾͱҲˣƷ룬˵ͷ
ܵ˾˾æ֮һץץһƿƿ֮УǱˣȪ
Ʒܵ˾˾ʹ򿪿һ£ȻȪûȻʶǵʼ֮ȷʵȪȻǵصȪôʮȪˡ
ǵʵĻƿҲῴһۣڵĳƷ˵ȴ顣
ʮȪҪͨ۷壬ʱˡ
һͻƵ鵤磬ڵ۳鵤пܵġ
Ǹʱʵֽһ޴
Ŷˣһ飬֮ǰʦǰѰǸ˼ĹôѾüĿˣʱܵ˾˾ƺʲôһ˵
ѾüĿˣƷʱǰһ˵
ʱܵ˾˾ֱóһֻֻʹκ֮еķȫͬſƼС
Ʒʱϳˣֻȴ˼ĸնʲô
֮Уͬĸն֮⣬ֻҲûб˻ӵĸնˣôȻ˼ˡ
Ʒæù˸նˣһ£ֻնѾһ룬⵽ǿĴɵġ
ϲɵҪ֪˼ĸնˣǶǾƵģѰĸն˲ͬ˵ĲɵģͨĹһǰ˺⵽˵ĸֵͻϮſ𻵡
նѾһ룬֪϶һսˡ
ӦþǸ˼Ķˣյ鱨ûˣܵ˾˾˵ͷ˵
﷢ֵģƷ
ֵⷢģһΪɽǵĵطǵһǱ˶̽ӴϢһǮȷʵйһɽ֮УǺȴ׷ɱ׷ɱһս֮˼ʧˣֻֻܵ˾˾ƺ˶׷ᣬΪ˴ֻܵ˾˺üǱ̽ɽǵ鱨𣡡
׷ɱƷ֮ɱ⣬ĺʼ
֪˭
ܵ˾˾ɽ̽ļ𲻹ߣǺ֪ǺһΪǽ̵йأ
ܵ˾˾ֺͳƷռ˹һЩʽҪ֪ʹκпɲͬ
ڴκУ˵ڴκ͢ǿͳ֮£㲻ǰܹ쵽ķ棬ȴҲһͳһȨ
Ȼ֮УһƬ򣬾һܵĵشĵطһǿţһǿļͳһǼǳأγһĸݵľ档
ڸԵĵ֮УЩưԣ޷졣
ɽһĵ


1355 ǰ
ɽһܵĵشҲκһֱӹϽĵط䱳ȴǿ֧ŵģֻЩţֱȣһЩκ˶ǰ
ҪĻͻ⵽ɽǳĴ
ܶ˵һǳõó׵㣬ｻ׿Բ⵽ĺڳԺڣϾû˸ҵɽǳ
ڣκ˶ǰɽҲƼĸ֣γһ˷ٵĳ
Ȩ֮ҲԸǰǮطܲĵط
˵ǳɱ¾⣬ѵһĺƽĵ
Ʒܵ˾˾Ļʱˣһʲôĵطˣ֮УҲвĵطֻûôĿŵѡ
ȻǸңţ嶼ܲĵط
Ҳλڴκͽʺмһط
ɽǣǽ̣Ʒ۾һʱ֮Уûеõκ˼Ϣû뵽Ȼ⡣
ƷΪ˼ʵӦԱݣ˭֪˼ȻǸʲôǽ̵׷ɱ
Ҵֻٵĳ̶ֻ»˲ᣬĻֻҲˡ
뵽Ʒеɱ͸ӷ
Ǹǽ̵ʲôͷƷ۾ֱ֮ɱ⡣
Ǹǽ֪̾ƺ֮һǳǿţ֮иƣ֮Уֹһ֣ܵ˾˾˵ǵפؾǴκǳԶԹǵϢҲǺֻһЩ;˵Ϣѣ
Ʒ۾ǽȻƲ磬ֵܹطķˮֻʵףɱɡ
ǽ̾ܲˣ
ҪԸǽ̣ȴһʱΪҪҵ˼䣬Ҫȷ˼Σ
ľǽ̣ǳҪģ
Щ֣Ϊʲô˼ǵǽ̣ʲô֪ԭء
֪ģҲôˣܵ˾˾˵
֪ˣлˣƷ
ʦɲҪô˵ưˣҾѾǳмˣЩǾ֮Ͷѣܵ˾˾ˣﻹһĵͼʦҪǰĻôӦûҪ
˵ţܵ˾˾һݵͼһݷǳ꾡ĵͼע滹˸ŵ⣬ȻǼӳ˷棬١
̫лˣƷ˵ͷ˵
ܹʦҲǵң
ܵ˾˾æ˵
ȻˣҲͲˣƷֱͿ͡
ܵ˾˾˵ͷæǳȥˡ
Ʒǿ˵ͼڵͼһ֮УǱעɽǵλãκȷʵԶԳƷĽųҪȥҲҪһһҹ
Ҫ֪ƷķٶȺ͵ͬնģȻҪһһҹ֪жˡ
뵽˼ܻ⣬ƷѾе㼱ˡ
ǽ̣˼û£ҪãܣƷ˵
뵽Ʒסˣֱ˽źҫ
үһʱ֮ڣһ뿪κʱڣ˵飬˵ĵˣþͣһеһƷ˵
ʱڴµûа취ĻôҲǷǳˣʱӲӲź¿»ʧء
ףİɣź˵ͷֲëͷСӣЩȻ
Ʒ֮󣬵ûκԥͳɽǵķӶȥ
ڳƷո뿪ûжãѾ֮е̽ӣƷ뿪Ϣǵһʱ䣬Ѿ˴κ
û֪ĿĵؾʲôطǳƷһκһ𶯣ЩͳƷźԸĪ
֮󣬳ƷѾ˴κı߾ش
ʹκ֮вͬκ߾һ޼ʵһƬԭԲҰãã紵ݵͼţ
һ֣ĮֱԲĺȻ
ڴκ߾һǳǳĳǽȻһǣһǺ͵ϵĳǲͬӵĸߴ
֮еǿ׳Զʤڷ⽨ʱĻˣǽĳҲʮָߴһһľʯƽؽʮ֮ߣϿֱǸƶˡ
һκʵǺܾúܾǰĳͿʼ裬һֱڵĴκڲϵļӹ̣赲˱ǿֲֹһΡ


1356 һʼһȦ
Ϊˣдκ˵УһżߵĵλƷҲֻ֮ǰţûм
֮Уֳǽ˵żʣ⻹Ҫ׳ۣҪ˵ĳǽҲǱȱȽǣǽ˿Ƽе
ִɵΰվǲͬģΪΡ룬ڳǽϣսĺۼʱĴĥѾֻһЩǳǳĺۼ
ĺۼпһĳȵĸо
ƷҲ⣬ģҲֻ΢פһ֮ϾͳӶȥ
ɳ˴κĹ֮ϾһˣĲԭ֮ϣǱУȻǵͽ׵ޣΪӴ
ʳݵ޶ͷͷڲԭϱڶʮϰͷʳڱ׷
֮⣬ԶƷͨʶǿһϡ
ֻЩ䶼Զݶӡ
յͼ˵棬͸Ǹˣһ壬ţ׷׽Ǿ۾ӣγɼΪӴ
Ϊڴκͽʺмĵش˫ûдģñ£Ϊһܵĵش
ڳƷԭǧʱΧĻһӷ˱仯ȴ֪ʲôʱĻѾ˱仯޾ԭģ
һжڷŤʲôģ
Ʒ̾ͷӦ˹Լ⵽˷
û뵽Ÿոԭ֮УȻѾ⵽˷
ƷԺ֮мת漴㿪˵ȻѾˣΪʲôأ
ڳƷ䣬֮бһĿռŤ
ȴԶȻһ֧˵Ĵ˵Ĵȫµľ᳤꣬ƷΧס
ˣȻȫ쾳ϵĸ֣иǧͨϵĸ֡
Ҳ˵һ֧һٷ򳤾Ȼͨĸ֣
Ĳӣڽʺ֮УӦҲǾ֮еľ֮еƣӦöᶯá
һãҪȥѿеĹͷŶԡ
˵ĴƶǾȻûзһ˽Ų֪֮׾˺εȵز
ܿ죬һ֧֮⣬һʮĸ֣ܡ
Щĸ֣ÿһ϶żΪҰϢÿһ˿¡
ƷломӰڰ֮¡
ݣȻǱƷˣԣǳųƷġ
˵һֱڵųƷ
ʺô֪ģϢٿ죬ҲϾ֪Ʒ뿪ϢοԼ֮⣬û֪ȥʲôط˵ܹô׼Ʒˡ
һʼһȦףһʼһ֡
Ʒ˲ʲôˣֻ´ӺͿʼˣǴ˼Ϳʼ˰ɡ
Ҳֻͨ˼飬ָܹƷٷְǰɽǡ
еĳƷ϶ѡ̵һ·ǰôҪƷͱ˳ˡ
ҲֻܹóƷ嵱У
˼ϢǴܵ˾˾Ǳߵõģܵ˾˾ǵõ˴κʵ۵ġ
ʣһʼڵһȦס
ʲôκֻ͢Ǳϵļѡ
ǿƣѾ˴κ͢ޱȵļɵˣԲŻΪеĴκ͢ͽʺˡ
뵽ƷͶˣһҲż⣬ֻҲҪɵ֡
κܹ͢Ѫ޷ĴڣΪѪ޵ǱҲ͵ĵزΪֹˣȻǿģκ͢ĵĻܹġ
֮ȣƷһˣ
ʵڴκ֮лƲ޵УǱ̫ˣǵδʮ꣬δ뵤Ѿôֲˡ
˵֮Уôκ¾ҪڳƷӰ֮ˡ
Ǹʱ򣬳ƷҪʵҲһ仰飬κ͢ᱻѽٿеġ
Ǹʱ򣬶ڴκ͢˵Ĺˡ
£ǿһĴκʵжд̣Ǹܵġ
ĻҲѡδᣬδ޵֮ǰɱ֡
˼ϢҲãȪҲãֻնѣΪƭǰն
Ǻôֱʣ
ƷЦţΪ˽ƭȦ֮УϧʮȪ
ʮȪļֵɹѹո뿪κ֮󣬾ҪȲĶˡ


1357 ʺ
ȻҲ֪ȪڳƷҪԣƷѡȪ˭֪ʵǿʲôĵزǸʱԶԸˡ
Ծ͵Ҫȶ֣͸¶˹˼ϢóƷ޷ıչطȪ
˵ǽһеһжƵˣûһ©
ƷķӦҲȥˣ
ǵˣƷҲ̲סһ£
κĻʵ۴δڳƷǰһƷΪеʱ־Ȼ˵ĺأӵĸʵ̫Сˣͬն
ͬʱƷеŭҲֱӷ˿Ϊɱκ͢Ȼܹѡͽʺ
֪Ʒɵжôľˣ
κ֣ǽʺҲԸϣ֪ʺҲǺ³ƷͻӰƽ⡣
˵ƷӲּܿ˿ֲĴڣΪΣղġ
յǳ״ݻٵĺã
κȻҲ˼ʺ˵һļϣ
Բһε
ƷȻ֪Ǿļƻٻܹ²ĳģ
һҲѲ£ѵĲ־ҪƷƭķûʲôѶˡ
ƷΪգ㻹ܹܵôһƬžʱЩʺ֮Уһһۣĸߴӣһ˵
ƷǸӣ·ϣһֻͷǣǽʺı־ֻнʺܹķΡ
һڵĿɺϵܽʸͷǵ۷
ƷҲѲ²⣬ܾһ壬һӡ
ʺ֮УɺµӾвȨյģҲֻˣǽʺ̫ӣ油֮жǸ߸ϵĴڣʵǿȭ
Ҳ򵥣ǰʺһʵֻ¶Ѫ֮£ͻƵ鵤۷壬Ҳֻһ֮ңѡ
κѪĸҲˣ֪ʺĸȷʵȴκҪĶࡣ
ộƷЦһ˵
ȻǺộҲ˵飬κ֮УҲһúȻĻҲҵѪԸˣ
Ǹʺ˵Ҫ֪Ѫ㹻ݺᣬܵȴԸһ㹻Ժˣ
ƷʱȻˣѹһ֧˾һͨı䶼쾳ϵĸּ֣ľ֮ҲУһ㶼ֲӣ֮еľܹҵһ֧˵ľͲˣϻҪɢڸ֮Уܼʹá
ҪײſԿ⣡
ڽʺ֮УȻܹۼ֣иǧͨĸ֣ݱ˵ǰʥض֯
ʺĹʵˣ
ʱ䣬ڽʺҲ˽⣬о˵һ֧Ѫ
ڽʺǧľ֮£һ֧ʮ˵Ĳӣųƾ֮еľҲǽʺɺľӡ
һ֧ӵĴ˵ʵ̫ˣڽʺĹ֮У֪˶ǿĶǾսǽ֣ǹǰεأܡ
ֱΧУҲ·һ
Ȼֻһ˵Ѫ£γɵƣȴҪˣ
Ѱκı䣬ֻ¶δܹסѪĳֱӾͻᱻ䴩ս˲ء
һ־Ѿʮ־ˣοɵĴγɵľƶ˵Ҳʮּɵġ
οƷܹоһ֧Ѫγ˾ƣγ˾ꡣ
γɾƾѾǾеľγɾ꣬Ǿ͸ֲˡ
Ҫɱ¾ѰľӣǾ֧֮ͣγ˾꣬ôͻ᱾ܵĳֹ
ѪγɵľǺεȵĿ£ֻѰֱһֱӾͻ˲
ּľӣҪôԶԶߣҪôҵһ֧ܹ֮࿹ľӲп֮ΪС
ҲǽʺʹκĴܹµĸԭڣǿ֣ҲĴǰ
һ֣סƬ֮䣬ͻᱻնɱֱŰΧľ棬Ǳɵľ档
ƷҪоľǰɱһѪ·Ҳǲ׵ģ
ûоƣûо꣬ȫ
Ҹϧ˲ţκ˻ʵȻѾ޲ɱˣ㲻ͶǽʺֻҪͶǽʺ죬ͿԲ


1358 
ʺӸ߸ϵĿųƷ֮͸¶һԽУôڽʺǰҪԹԵԼͷ­
νţ̫ˣڲԭϣڵֿʺĴڣѾˡ
ڹȥս֮Уͱ޾һһˡ
ЩǿޱȵĲ峤ҼܹͨĽʺʿвѪʱȴǸһ
ѪľǿЩˣǷĹЩѪγɵľʱ򣬶ۿۡ
ѰɾͻᱻѪնɱ
һ֧ǰκ˶ѣ
ƷҲ⣬ֻҪƷǴͻԹͶ
κʹ˵ģʲôһҪնɱƷǸܣ޲ɱƷκˣֲǽʺ
κݲ£ǽʺȴݵµġ
ܹŵ£ʱ򷴸һκ񲻿գκԼйҧǲõġ
ȻǰҪԹԵſԡ
ǿһͶƷһĨЦЦ飬һ֮ˣʲôıҪеʵʤ
ˣκ͢϶ݲһ֮ϵĹĴڣʵ̫̫ˣʤö١
ʷҲĴڣ
óƷɳȥвҡκĿԣκ͢ȻĴڡ
Ȼڴ֮ǰҪԹ̷һƣʱ㲻ǵĻֻҪһͷͻᱻɱǽʺӻ˵
϶ദһƵĺӣ֮Уơ
ʺȻݳƷȻԼĵڵģǽʺԸĵĸֵģֻҪ̷Ժ󣬲ͨı£ҪԹԵĻһͷȥ·һ
ûܹ⣬ǰ˳Խĵز£ֱӱ
ʺžԵģƷֻҪ̷ȥͲѡ
ƷһۣƵĺӣʱ˽ʺĵˣȻ֪νƵĹЧʲôȻҲʲôöӦǿ˵ġ
ֶһãڼ̳˵ʼĳƷ˵һǧַɱƣ̷ڣҲ㹻İ취ɱҪֶʵ̫ˡ
ѹҲʺЭ
ôأΪʲôûǰҪɱôƷʵ
ȻԼʵԸ㣬ҪԳҲ͹ˣʺӿųƷмֲͷ˵ƷҲͼʱˣַʽ˵ãҪôھ¹ͶĻɱ㣡
ŽʺӵĻ䣬ʱѪһȫͷ˳ͨ˵ȫ۶ɣһµľ꣬һ޴ޱȵѪɫĻǣһ˵ɱ֮ԾȻ֮ϡ
ֻҪƷ˵һ֣ôͻ̱ųƷ
Ҷο㣬ʲôҲҹͶƷЦһ
ǾƲԳԷƣȻˣҾ·
ʺһȣһ޴ޱȵѪɫһ᳤곯ųƷն
¡
ѪɫֱӶס˳գ·һ˲䣬ضŷת˹
¼ˣ
һĹҪԽ۷ʱڵѪޣֱӳ˵۷Ĺ
⻹ֻѪѣʮѪ룬ͷųľ꣬Ժɱ鵤ϵǿߡ
ʺ֮µʱȻͬѰѰܹȵġ
ƷֱӸһѪɫһѪɫá
Ѫɫĳʱ򣬼һ˲ͱնơ
ħ˼ͼѪɫø޷ֵͬ±ˮ㶹һ˲ͱնˣֱųƷն˹
Ʒ΢΢ζ²ȳһƬ֮һξѾϰˣֱӱܿһ
¡
Ѫɫĳ꽫񷶼ˣƬƬĿ̮ȥγһµϯ
Ʒ΢΢أǵһγ˾ľӣµĵطܹӵ۵һ𣬶˵ֱǿǡ
Ҿʮ⣬ֵܹͨ


1359 մ򱬵
Ѱľγɲ˾꣬ǵ۵һ𣬲Զڵвͨĸֶܹɱһ·
һĸ֣һѪ·
Ѫͬǲ˾꣬Ҿ껹ǿĿ£Ѱֱӱһɨ
޷赲סѪĹ
ҲǽʺܹΧ˳ƷĹؼڣ᲻֪Ʒպգɱ¾ĵҲˡ
ƷȻ㿪һǼ̵ģܹоԼѹˣѪΪ֮꼸ǵأ֮ƶȫȫȡˣγ˶ڳƷǿѹơ
ָоͺǳƷһĪųˣƺҪ֮ųȥһ֮н費
ҲǾΪµĵطԭܹ֮н㹻˵޾ܿݽߣڱѹ֮󣬾޷ܹ֮нһʱɱҲܹĥ
ɱңɱ㣡
ƷһȣɲǼ䣬ξѾֱӳǸʺӵǰֻĶҲЩˣڿ֮еľҲֱжٶȣͬˮһ
ˣƷٶȻǼ죬ɲǼ䣬һԽ֮䣬Ѿǰ
ǸʺӴһһìֱӳųƷ˹
һìͬһɫľߣһ㣬ɲǼ䣬ҪƷֱһҧ
ʱأƷֱӴһһ䣬γһɿֲĿ񳱣ֱӽһìƫȥ޷ԳƷκвƷָӾˣֱһȭ
ɫȭһֻɲǼ䣬Ѿ䵽Ǹʺӵϡ
أ
ǸʺֱӱһȭУֻоػƱһɽԳߵٶӭײһһ
ۣ
ʺһѪƶߵķһ㣬˲䵹˳ȥ
ҵʹ˲˹ֻ޷ƷôôǿΪҲѾﵽ鵤۷壬ѪҲǲˡ
Ϊ֮ݺᣬȻԳƷʱȴûκô
ʺӱƷش֮󣬼ɲǼ䣬Ѿ鵤Ľʺַ˹ͼƷ
ңƷһסô
Ʒһ䣬ȭԿֲȭֱӺ˳ȥ
أ
ֻһ޴ĺ˹ĽʺĸֱӾͱƷȭݻĽɫ޸ˡ

ּǲҽһȻձˡ
ʱѪκ˷ľӣɵΪ֮һͣƷ̫ˣһȭֱӽ鵤ĸմ򱬡
Ҫ֪ǵ֣Ȼ鵤ڶѣڽʺ֮УҲǸ߸ϵĴܹᲢ۵ģǶ֮ٵ
ڣƷһȭס
һߣʺƺˣΪʲôԸһκˣȻҪѪˣӵݣνκһƻѪΧ֮УһҪ
ܴ
ʺ֮УѪһ㶼׶ãΪһõĻ飬ΪһרųѾϰ궼ûзˡ
ȻˣûС˳ƷƷȷʵʵֱ¡
ֱţƷʮôֲѾ鵤ڵԼȻƷһȭס
Ҵ뱨˵Ȼûп뵤ǵ뵤ǻ˵ã
뵽еɱ͸ӷڣ˵Ĵڶڽʺ˵һ첻ɱǾһʳѰ
һ죬ʺĶ֣
ˣֱ˾֮УΪһ壬ڸоȫһ㣬пտʼתȫĹˡ
ֻǸղһȭƷʹϷõķֱӺɷɻң۳ֵĿ£ûôֲı̬
ǰ߹ͳͳѣ
ǳƷڹؼʱ򣬱ƶٶȣӦ˹ڴ֮£»ᱻƷһȭ
ǲΪֲģ
Ʒˣܾǽʺʩᣬһ֮أ
ǽʺӴһ
֣
ʺһ£󶼿ʼҵתԭѾ͵ľ꣬ӵʵֱһ곯ųƷ
䣡
һۿɼٶ̮ͬһֱӳųƷǵص


1360 ɱ
Ѫγɵľתµģ֮ѹƣȸղҪǿ˺ü
˵֮ǰƷܹ֮н赽һЩĻôڣƷһ費ˣǳƷܹ俪һ·пܡ
£Ƿĵ֣Ҳֶܼã
ǸʺĴ㣬ƷսǿվҲǵֲֶ֣˶ãͨˡ
Ȼ̫С˳ƷƷȻǵֻ֣˵Ļ̶ȵĻѰĵֶҪϲ֪١
ټǻʼս˫ؼӳ֣Ҫսˡ
㲻սѪγɵľ꣬Ҳޱȿֲʱƣ֮УȻֶ˼껯ӰƷΧס
Щ꣬ÿһΪֲ൱һ鵤ڵĸֵȫһ
Щܹû鵤۷ֵȫһ
ƷЩ֮УҲֻܲϵܣʱƣЩİΧȦԽԽСƷŲĿռҲѾԽԽСˡ
ƣ
Ʒһֱһȭİֱսһ鿪
أ
ͬʱͬһʱ䣬Ѫ֮һǧһѪը鿪֮ء
ЩѪԼľȫ˾֮У˵еһʹãͬģһ飬ͻ⵽ɡ
ǱƷһȭĻҷصֱձ򱬡
ȻǿҲҪ۵ġ
ǼˣΧľֱɱ˹ȻͿʼʱȣɢʵϣЩ꼸˲ܹٶ۳ΪһȻԳƷչĹ
ԴԴϵĹ֮£ƷҲɵˣܿͽǡ
־ֵĿ̫ˣ
ڴ£֪ʲôʱӰ˾Χ
һͭɫۼףһװͦΣ֮ͬһɽһ㣬Ʊˡ
һһһɫ۵ߣοݣ̺֮ȴ˿һҪ
һӵл֮ܡ
дκϤ˿ˣһᾪȴǱˣǴκ֮֮ڶĻʼҵһʹ󽫾Ҷɡ
֣ƽʱٳڹڵҰ֮У˵ͬʱˡ
ڣ˿Զ֮вŲĳƷ¶˼ָӵ顣
˶֣Ժף־˵жĿá
Ǵ󽫾Ҷɣǵһ֣ͨߴЩ˽ҲԶѰ˵
󽫾Ҷɿ˵Ѫǽʺ֮еľһ֧ɱҴκڣֻ¸ܵ
һνʺΪɱƷҲ˺ܴѪˣһǰһУ˵
Ҳûа취ȻʺУȻƷĴڣ˵ʲô£󽫾Ҷҡҡͷ˵ΪһˣԸͽʺ˺Ϊ֪ʺǺεȿײеĴڣοΪ˶ԸԼг͵š
Ϊһӣܹκʵ۵Ĵڣʵ̫ƻƽˣܲ˵ĻôƷƷκҵ
һͷôڴκ˵һѡ
Ϊ϶ǲܽӵĽģֻĿܣ˵Ҳһ޷ܵġ
֮ԻҲΪ˼һ㱣գǶףƷžζʲôҲˣһ֣Ҫ֤һƷ
Ʒһߣô롣
ǲὫϣڽʺϣ˭֪ʺôģʵ׼һ㶼ûΪʺȷʵ³ƷóƷΪ뷨
֮䱾թȻƷҲһ۲Ը񣬸ûͬ⡣
ƷͬĻô˾Ҫͷˣǽһ㱣գƷͶ˽ʺôǾͽһ֧Ѫһͬ
ȻḶΪʹĴۣҲùƷתͶʺκ
Ļ룬ƷʵͼΪ£츳Ӿˣδǰ;ټѪ㹻Դκɾ޴в
ԼҪϣҪѰĴۣҲɱŹ


1361 Ʒˣ
ճƷôκḶĴۣ
ƷѵĻô͸Ʒһ
ûһģǼڳƷͻ˵֪û֪ǲǻʲôơ
κʵ۲ɳˣһ㱣ϡ
κ֮У˵ΪܹѹƵסƷģ޷Ǿƻĺˡ
ֻƻκסޣײٶƻǵ鳤ҲӴκʵ۵Ļ
ĵƣ
Ѱ鵤ڶǳƷĶ֣ѾӹɵģѪ޵Ľѵ
˶ͬѾ鵤۷壬κһаɱƷ
ɼκҵıɱ֮ġ
֣ƻģҲûѵĿܣ
ڴʱս֮еսѾ˰ȻĽ׶Ρ

ǽʺӴһ
ķΧڲϵСŲٶȸ죬ԵǣƷŲĿռ𽥵ıСƷҲòӲ
ÿһεӲԳƷΪо˫΢΢飡
ѪľƬռ䣬ľھƵļӳ֮£ʵǡ
ǽʺһڻָˣһ·ѾܹƷֲסĳˡ
Ҫն³Ʒͷ­ƺһѩǰܣ
Ʒһȭˣһĳ衣
ƵϵĳƷҲûа취ˣ֮֮ɫ
ۿһ֧ѪİΧȦԽԽСֻЦһֱһٶȶ㿪ѪľĹ
Ʒ㻹ܹӵȥ־ܣ
ǽʺӴһ
Ϳûˣ
˵ųƷһץʱץ˺˵ķܡ
ϣʮöС͵ս˵Ѿ׼ˣԵĿ֮£ڳֵĵһʱ䣬ֱӳ˷˳ȥ
ಣ
ಣ
ಣ
һƿʮöС͵ս˵ųβֱӺ˷ΧѪ
סЩ
ʱǽʺӼǵһʱ䣬͸оһɼ˿µĻĸоһӾͷ
ûиоôµĸоԼĵУΪֵĵǱԼжϻҪĸ׼ȷĶġ
֪⵽ʲôܹжϵĳǳǳΣգһµĻôΣˡ
ֻʺӣڳнʺĸֶһӷӦ˹æһöһöս˵˹
ǵķӦǳ죬ʵǿĲ˼飬ȻƷһֲǻϺʮöս˵
ǸûκôΪǺʮöս˵ʱʮöս˵Ҳһӱըˡ
¡
¡
¡
ʮöս˵һӾս֮ϱˣµıըͬʮ̫ͬʱһ㣬̫
ⱬըನ޾Ļ棬һУ
еһжûˣ
ЩѪӳԼһʵһ˲ͱˡ
Żܣ
ʱǽʺһȻĳӴܶȥ漴ҲͱըĻûˡ
¡¡¡
涼ھҵĲ𶯵ĵڿ֮γһƬһƬ
Զ󽫾ҶɺͻʼҵһһĻɵޱ𺳣µĹǵɫյĲҰס
ǳƷĵô󽫾Ҷɲ˼ĿǰһĻȻ֮ǰѾ鱨ϣˣ̫ˣ
֮ǰҿ鱨˵ģƷڵפΪƽصʱһоԹʵˣ֪ܶ鱨еʣҲžã鱨ϲûԹʵһ˵ˣ
ʱʼҵһ˵
ѹֱ²Ƕ֣Ҫսʺ֣ΪԤϵ˳Ʒͬھֶΰɣ󽫾Ҷɴʱ˻ʵ۵Ķġ
ǣҪɱƷҪԳҪκ֮ΪĲӡ
ǵʱƷĺ˵ͻǳˣʱǶҪĴֱۣ
ܹһɿֲĻûһУǵĻֻҲõĶȥ
ڣ˳ƷͬʱҲѪ
ʮ֣ǧͨĸ֣
ҪӲӲ˫֮еκһ֪ҪĴۡ
ȴܹ֮
ԭҪʹĴۣȴһ˫ǳƷѪǵĸ󻼣һˣ
һ˵ͷĿ⿴սУ۾
Ʒˣ


1362 ϸɽ
˱һУ£ǵҲ·һ
໥һۣӦֳѾûлˣɵĵ˵ͷ
ְܾˣϣģ
˼ϵģת뿪ֳ
ನɢȥֻʣѾ廯ĴأĩһĿֲϯս
ս֮ϣûκܹ棡
֮󣬳ƷӰŻ˳
ղžڹؼʱֱӶɽͼĿռ֮С
Ѫʮö˵ĺ֮£ҲƷ̫ˡ
ΪƷ˰ΧȦ֮У˳ƷĿռ䡣
˭֪ҲǳƷµ壬Ϊ̫ˣЩֶߣֱӾͱ˵ûˡ
ǵĲûдûϵƷֶΣΨһ֪ĴκٷҲĴڡ
ǴΰһƷ׺ɱ
ں˱ǰ鵤ĸҲǿסģ
Ʒɨܣȷ˴󽫾ҶɺͻʼҵһѾ뿪֮һ
ȻʵǿȻѾΪƷˣûôΣɾͱƷˡ
ֻǵʱƷӦѪΧˣ鲻ˡ
Ʒú˵ΪѪҲΪƭǡ
ƷĵƣƴκҲֻ֪ܶ࣬ҪƷʹùֶΣǾͻ֪
ǳƷֱӶɽͼĿռ֮У֪ġ
Ϊκ㣬ռװУҪһ˽ȥǸܵġ
ΪһĿռװ֮ٳĿռ䣬һƬĿռ䣬ֻпռԣʱ䶼
ȥˣ·һֻһЩɽͼĿռȴͬˣԳһ磬ֻȽСˡ
ҲǳƷĵƣ
κҪǸܵ飡
֪ƷֶΣ¾ͻСһЩٶˡ
벻ô嶯
ӦþǴκŵƣ󽫾ҶɺͻʼҵһˣƷüͷ΢Ѳ²˵ݡ
ҲΪˣϲŻ¶ּɵ飬Ϊûһ֮ƷܹԱѣҪԸˣʵԶԶġ
ܹͷȫǱһͨ۷壬Ǹʱ򣬼ʵǿҲĶ֡
ҪǸزҪһʱ䣡
δȫǱͷţͨ۷֮ǰȥ
ڴκٷ϶ΪѾˣȻˣǾǼΪɡ
г𲻱ķ񣬲ڻûеʱ
뵽Ʒ΢΢ζĹͷƤһ󶶶ֻƬ֮䣬Ѿģ
θһأƷȣɷһѳʵıһ㣬ٴɽͼĿռ֮ҳһ
˵ʲôɱĵô࣬ǵķ˳Ʒϣһʲô
Ǽ¼ڻʼս֮еһ׽͹ǵֶΣѰװױһۿȴǴӸϸı䣬Ըᱻ˿
˭ȥΪǳƷһΪ˵Ľ޸֡
׾ͽн޳ɣƷ˵Ȼ̤һ⣬ֱӳԭĿĵɽǵķȥ
ƷĶǳ죬۵糸Ǽˣһһҹ˵ͼ˵ɽǡ
ΪȡųƷκ浹û٣ΪҲûбҪ
ɽһ޴ޱȵɽ֮ϡ
ֻһɽǱԴնƽһ㣬ٳһ㹻ɾ޴еƽ̨
Ϊɽǳߣƣڳǳص·׵׵ıǣ·Ư֮һ㡣
ԶԶȥΪ𺳣
ȻҲΪɽվԭɽ֮еľ֮⣬ҪɽҲֻվɽ·ߣѰ쾳߹һ룬ͻĴϡ
ֲֻܹƽһֱɽǡ
Ȼͨûô鷳ˣֱӾͷȥҲˡ
֣ͨɽ֮оԲ
ʱʱıһĶݹԶƬ֮䣬ûɽ֮С
Ʒ̤Ž⣬ҲƬ֮䣬Ѿ뵽ɽ֮С
ɽǲ̫Ҳǰ˶ѣǳеľ񣬼оΪָ洦ɼͨĸ֣ڽͷҲʱʱܹ
һɽ֮еĸ־ԶĿ¡
ڳƷּĸ˵Ƕʲô
ܿ죬Ʒѡ˵һĿꡣ


1363 ©Ԫ
ɽ֮󣬾һ޴ļУڼ֮УŸָĶиʽķҲиĵر书ؼ
ǺйϵĶٶҵֻƷʲͬѡ
ֿ䲢ز֮ͬУΨһɣΧеġ
ҲãҲãһ޶
Ʒ˰ž޴¯ģҲǼֲˣûиųʦ˵ˣûа취ľ޴ãԼȡ
һ˵ԼҵԭʦƣǱȽϼķʽ
ߺһ˲䣬ȫ˳ƷԺ֮С
Ʒһ·˹ȥҪ࿴ֻһɨ̯λϵȫС
ЩĶƷƷɨһȦûʲôܹóƷ۵ġ
أһк˳Ʒע⡣
ǲݣˣ
ƷĿɨ˹ȥȴһ̯λǰһ̯ڽ
̯λϣԼĪһ߶ߵĲҩڿ̻ž̯λ֮ϣ⼸ҩܲǵİװߡ
̯еģòͨһ˫鲻ϵתƷĿתʱæǰ˵
λ̨Ϻõĵǲݣʥҩ̯ųƷ˹
ǲݣһҪʮƷʯô
̯ųƷæۣ˵
ƷԺ֮иֳ˵ǲݵϣǲһ˹ЧҩݣȽϸ߶˵˵ĵҩҪɲ־ǵǲݡ
ֻǲݱȽټȷʵȽϹ󣬰̯˵ģһǲʮƷʯ⵹Ҳû
һԵǲƶɵĵҩ㶼ʮĸ߼ۣѰͨĸܹѵġ
һֵͨõһöҲǵĵҩؼʱ򣬲Żõĵ
ȻԭʮƷʯô̯ȻƷʯⱾͺܲ
ƷĿ֮¶˼ֺɵɫǸ̯¶ֿɥı飬λ̨֮ԻǲݱˣΪﳤڲأҪǮȥƣ
Ʒ˿̯Ȼɨǲݣ͵һӷӦ˹ѹͲǵǲݣһֲҩɰǲݡ
ֲҩǲ˵һЩֻĺ͵ǲݱȽƣܲŰװߣֻǹЧȴȫͬ
ǲҪˣɰǲȫͬ󲿷˸ֲ֪ҩĹЧǳƷȴ֪ɰǲܹƳһֵҩΪԪֵҩܹڵѸ
ܹ߼ӴͻƵٶȺͼʡ
ڳƷĿǰ˵ǷǳҪģ
ΪȻܹͻƽ鵤Ҫѵʱ䣬Ҫʱ䣬Ȼͨͻ˵㳤ûôʱȴ
־ԪһöƷʯǵǲݵļֵᲢ۵ġ
̯ȻûϳɰǲƷҲ̯Ĵ㣬϶ǲ֪ɰǲݵļֵȴɰǲðΪȽֵǮĵǲƭǮ
һ˲ʶɰǲݣһƷʯѾˣֻгƷ֪ɰǲݵļֵ
˲̯ͼƷЦһȴǲɫ¶˼ֶݵɫ·Ǳ̯˵Ǵһ
ǺðɣȻ̨мãҲͲ˵ʲôˣǲȫҪˣƷ˵
ȻƷܿ͵˶ʮƷʯֱӷǬУ̯
ȻɰǲɽͼĿռ֮С
Ȼһ˱ƭˣһĶˣרƭˣ
Ǯһһ궼һ꣡
ɲô̫Ǯˣ
Χ̯໥һۣȻ໥Ƕǵһοֶ̯ƭˣֻÿϧ
ǻûнƣΪ²ؼ߸߹
ûͻȻҲͲԸ˵ʲô
϶żͬ鿴ųƷⲻ֪ڳƷҲ͵ЦʶЩˡ
˾Ԫڵ֮УΪҲܺܿʱٻȥҴκˡ
ڵ֮Ҫҵĸҩɰǲݿɲ
ɽôУӦеҩвŶԡ
Ʒɰǲ֮Ҫ뿪ͻȻǸ̯
һ£ǲҲˣ


1364 Ҳ
Ǹ̯һӴڵ˳Ʒǰ棬ϴżֺɵĿųƷ
ΪʲôˣƷƲһ̯˵
֮ҾǲˣһʮƷʯ̯ųƷɵ˵
˼ֻɣΪƷǮ̫ʹˣʮƷʯ˵͸ˡ
ȻƷı治ɫȴһָоԼ϶Ǳǰһƭˡ
Ȼӵĸо޻Ҳ֪Ķĸоĸо
ߣԼĵУȷ϶ʲôط֪ģСӼ©ˡ
뵽˾Ͳˣһմ㣬ձ۾ĸо
ǺεȻƷƭˡ
ԽԽߣ
ôǴթҿƷĿ̯˵ȻѾˣ㻹ҪҪȥ
ҲôģСӿ϶ƭң⼸ǲݿ϶ֹ۸ڲˣвУ
̯˵
벻ͲΪгҿôΪҲ֪⼸ͲǵǲݣȻװɵǲ㻹Ҫ˵ʲôƷԥĴ̯Ĵ㡣
Ǹ̯Ʒˣʱ߳ŭɫһһס
֪ⲻǵǲݣǮˣ϶թСӣȰ㻹ǽȻĻԸ̯ǳȷˣԼ϶ۣƷ϶֪ʲôŻ֪ǵǲݻôʹǮ
뵽ͲɵûðɣȻ﷭ˣҪоԣ׷˹ֻ»汻Ʒƭȥˡ
֪⼸ҩʲôǷ϶ǵǲݣ϶ȵǲݼ۸ҪߣĻƷҲôʹǮ
ǺǣһҲƭ˰ɣھȻҵ鷳ҿǻĲͷˣƷЦһ̯Ȱ㣬ÿĻͱҲˣ
СӣҺˣᣡ
Ǹ̯Цһֱһڴţ֮У֪ʲôʱֱӳ󺺡
ֱ̯ÿ˶Ϊ붼ͨϵĴڡ
˶ԳƷγǿѹȸС
Χ̯һȻ˵ӣҲĶˣż̯дҪصʱ򣬶ˣֱӺ
һڼǿӲȥ
Сӣ˰ɣȰùԹԸү¿ͷү˵󷢴ȱһ·
̯Цһ̫ˣôᣬ󻹲ҪԹԵͷ
ҲһˣƷЦſ̯˵ȡеϧ
С˵ʲôһϣ̯ʱһЩæֱʳһ㳯ųƷ˶
ȴƷҲûʲôֱӻһָâ˺ѿ˲񷣬һնȥ
ͣ
ͣ
ͣ
Щ˻δƷֱӾͱƷĽâնѪ
޷ԳƷһǰв
Ǹ̯һĻûֱɵˣû뵽ƷȻ˿ֱֲǿ˱̬ĵز
һЩͨϵĸȫնɱˡ
Ҫ֪ЩߣûһʧܵģϾݣ˭ǡ
˭֪ԳƷʱһס
㣬㣬ҪʲôɽɱˣһŹģ̯˵ʼųƷ˹ޱȵľ֡
ڲ֪ڣѾˣƷЦһֱһâ̯վͱնһѪ
̯ѰͨΪܹסƷһ
̯϶ֻһ飬ֻҲûմȾһ֮ͽϧ
һ֮󣬳ƷʩʩȻ뿪ˡ
ЩΧ̯ȫϢ³ƷɱͻȻע⵽ǣһɱˡ
Ϊ鲢ټЩĸ̫ˣ˭֪һ仰ԾͿܱɱ
ֲ̫̫ˣǿͨ߶εĸְȻһâס
֣϶ǵĴ֣
˵ô
ȻˣΪôļһȥһֵ鷳ǵԴżˣ
Щ̯ڳķӦ֪ĻܵĻҲͲһٻˡ
οһȻƭ˵ֵϣǲѰ·ʲô
ּ⣬ҲһĴڣ˭ǣƭ˵ϣǾҲ


1365 ˮµ
Ʒնɱ⼸֮󣬺ܿ뿪˼УҲûнϣǼϰˡ
ǸҪ鷳Ҳûʲôµġ
ĵطĳҲһ鵤߶ѣûʲôµģ鵤۷ĸ֣Ҳ޾壬Ա
ƣɽǵĳϾôںĻҲͲ̯ôƭˡ
ȻڳƷ뿪֮󣬳ִӾǰˣˣǣһֵʱǾˣûҪһµĴ㡣
ʲôЦǵһֻ֣һ˲ܽɱ⣬ûҪΪһϡ
һﱾǱͶεˣ˱ˣҲ
ڴʱƷѾ˳еһҾ¥еһҲûҪᣬҲǺںЩȽڡ
ֱС֪УЩСϢȽͨģϾ¥֮еĿ̾УŵҲܶࡣ
Ҫ̽һЩ飬ôǿ϶ûġ
͹٣ҪʲôСڵ˵
ڳƷӸʮöƷʯ֮ϵЦݾ͸ˣʮöƷʯǿµнˮˡ
Ҿ飡
͹ʵʲôСһ֪޲޲ǵСæ˵
Ҿһ£ĵҩУҩĵ̻ĸƷĿ˵
͹ʶˣڵ飬ûҲ֪ģҪҩĵĻôʦЭûˣСæʵ
ôɽУҲʦЭôƷЩɻ˵
ǵȻˣǰʦЭˣ͹İɣԿܲɽǣʵ֮طʦЭأ
Сæ˵
Ʒԣüͷ΢û뵽ɽ֮УȻʦЭᣬʦЭСȻ֮жзֻᡣ
ôʦЭ϶ʹκ֮еǸʦЭһЩϵˡ
ͳƷ֮ˣԭƷΪκ֮еʦЭҲڴκѣֻһȫʵ֯
ڿʦЭԶԶĻҪӴ̫ˡ
κʦЭᶼֻһֻѡ
˵ĻôʦЭ֮󣬾ʮ־ˡ
ҲͬڽʺͱˣʦЭ᲻ɽ¶ˮģӵ˺ȵ
Ȼܹ֮еЩ֯ûһ򵥵ģ
Ҳ֤ţֻʦЭı󣬻վʲôܹ֧ʦЭὫԼĴ쵽硣
ԼʵֻǴκ֮еνܻ᲻ֻǱɽһǶѡ
ˣôʦЭǲСˡ
Ʒʱ˶ʦЭʵĲ²⣬ʵҪѯһЩ鱨ĻȥĶȽϺأ
͹Ҫ鱨ģǿȥ֮гָ鱨ʦЭһҲһ鲼ⶼзֻᣡСæ˵
Ʒüͷ΢ʦЭһȻӴֻƲ
ģֻǸڱѣиȴˮ¡
е˼ˣ
Ʒ΢΢һЦ
У֪ˣȥ׼һЩǵֺòˣƷ˵ͷ
ϣ͹ԵȣǵС˳ƷƷʯæ˵ȥ֪ͨˡ
ܿ죬ɫζƷ㷹֮뿪˾¥ǵС˵ʦЭ֮С
ȻƷ֣ʦЭװ޷Ժʹκ֮еʦЭᶼͬһƶҲͬһ
֮϶ϵ
ʵ֮еʦЭʵҲǲģӦ˵ǴԳŴ֮еʦЭᡣ
ӸԴ˵һģ
Ʒȥ֮󣬺ܿһǰʵ
λˣ֪ҩҩĳλʦ߹˵
չҩĵģ֪ǿ񣿡Ʒʵ
еģ֪λˣҪʲôҩأߵ
Ʒóҩĵ嵥ݸߣЩô
ȥ̽һ£
߽Ʒһ䰲֮ҩ嵥ȥҸˡ
һʹŽ˳֪ͨƷλˣһҩ嵥ҪҩģǶܹṩҪһʱֻûôһҪʮƷʯ
Уû⣡
Ʒ˵ͷȻʹĸʮƷʯʦЭ棬Ҳûʲôɵĵˡ


1366 ˼Ϣ
ЭȻⶼӴֻҪƷϸ㹻ƷʯܹѼԼҪҩġ
ɾʡ˳ƷܴĹˡ
ЩΧжҵ֮չ䲢ص˵Ҳ˿ѷɫ
˶֮󣬳ƷѾ뿪ʦЭᣬֱԽ˴ɽǣһɽ֮еĻ

鲼鱨֯
ƷոսУ̾ǰʵ
λˣ֪Ҫչ鱨Ҫ鱨߿һ۳Ʒ̬ʮֵĹ
ӴѾһˣʲô˶
ǰһµ꿴ʮİҲɽǱһĳУⱾҲ֡
չһЩ鱨
Ʒ
֪֪ʲô鱨أⷽ棬һָģԲÿʧģ̸Ц˵
֪˼;ǽ̵飡Ʒ˵
Ǹʣʱһ䣬漴˵
˴ȺƷһ֮У߰ųƷϢһ֮󣬱㾶ֱȥˡ
ܿ죬Ӱ˽Ʒ̧ͷһΪ׵һۣеĵߣǸһԼĪʮµꡣ
֪γƺ߿Ʒ˵
½޳Ʒ˵
Ǹ߿˿Ǹ꣬ȴǸ΢΢ҡҡͷƺҪ˵ʲôһ
Ǹ漴Ȼģ˵ԭǽӣʧʧ񣡡
ϷĳϣףϷĵӣ˵֮ױ
ƷüëһȻ֪֮йģΣȻΪһϣӦǸ߸ϵһȺˣھȻΪһ鱨飬
ое㲻ͬѰ
ղ˵Ǵѯʹ˼;ǽ̵飿׿˵
Ҫ֪еϣʼĩƷ˵ͷ
ԣշѷȽϹһ㣬ҪʮƷʯΪ鱨ǣ˾ǽ̣֪û׿˵
Ʒ˵ͷȻ֪Ϣ鱨϶Ǽ֮ǿôɾҪʮ򣬲ɵûǸп鱨ĳ׬Ǯ
ãһڼۣʮƷʯ
Щɨһ۳Ʒû뵽ƷȻĴӦϾʮƷʯǿɲһСĿ
鱨ֶҪҲ˶ģص˵ǧ𲻻Ƕ޹ص˵һĲֵ
ʵ鱨Ҫˡ
ҲΪ漰ôӴ鱨ʽΪϲŻǰ
ȻӦڳƷҪ֮󣬺ܿĵƷ
Ʒˬ֧ʮƷʯڵ˵ࡣ
ɽͼеʯ󲿷ֶʣĲ֣ȻѰܹġ
һ·նɱǿкܶ࣬൱ǵǬָֽƷƽ⣬ǵĲƸҲ˳ƷС
ֲƸҲƷʯʮƷʯǾţһëѣ
Ʒʹĸ֮ſ˵õ鱨Լһǰ˼⣬ڴ֮ǰǲ鲻κθţͻȻһðһ
˵ţһ۳Ʒ
Ҫ˵鲻κθţǸ˼꣬ǳƷҲһ޶ղѯʹԼĵҲ˵ûм
Ҫ֪ĵӿɽ¶ˮʵȴйĿֻҪ鱨ǣ˵ûеĻǾֻһֿܣûƷ
ֻǿƷƣֻҲѰôһŶࡣ
һ뵽һûиŵ˼꣬жʱмζ
ȻŻƷõ鱨
黹Ҫһǰ˵𣬺ͳƷɢ֮˼ֱӾ䵽֮С
˼ò;˵ʵܿɽǵĺ䶯
ϾʵǿŮ߿ɲ
ɽһЩ֣͸ȵ
ȵҲ˾ǽ̵ע⡣
׼ȷ˵˾ǽƽ̹Ҷϵע⣬ҶҪӭȢ˼꣬ȴ˼ܾ߳ŭ֮£Ҷиֽ˼׽ȥ
˭֪ȴ˼һ뿪棬ǽֶ׷ɱ˼ꡣ
һεõ鱨һǰ˼ڱ׷ɱĹУͻƣ뵤ɱһǽ̳ϡ


1367 
һʱ⣬ǽ⣬ҲһܹھǽеγϵģȻ鵤ĸ֡
Ĵڣޱ߲ԭ֮ϣҲǼΪµģȴ˼һȥͷ­
ˣǽ̳ŭ˵ԭֻǾǽƽ̹ԼӵȨƵǽ̵ĸ׷ɱ˼Ļ
ô֮ǽ̱Ҳݲ˼ˣΪ飬ǽѾһЦ
ھǽ̸´ͨֻҪܹץ˼ģǧƷʯṩϢ֤ʵҲһƷʯĽ
˵˼һʱ֮У⼫ķơ
˵꣬СĿһ۳ƷƺҪӳƷϿһЩж˼֮Ĺϵ
Ʒ鼫ΪȻƺںһ
ⲻǱܹƷĵĻܹŭڷڡ
Ҷʲô·Ʒƽһŭ𣬿ʵ
Ҷ˵Ҳǳ˼һĸǾǽ̵ĽĸһΪңԶصɵĵӣ˵һ˫޵ɣһ·Ѿ˾ǧС檣ЩСһΪߣһ·Щ˲ɲУ̶̲ʮʱ䣬ȻֱӾͻƽ뵽˵׻˵
ЩСֻҲ·ɣƷʵ
ЩС檺ܶ඼ǸŵŮӣкܶ౾ɷģȻ󶼱°ɲ¯׵˵ͷ
û˹ôƷʵ
˭ܹܣ˭ҹܣϾǾǽ̽ĶӣȻǶӣǾӼûܳ裡׵ǵõ鱨ҶԴ˶Ǹŭԣ
Ʒ˵ͷǾͺˡ
ǽ̣ҶϣƷ֮Ĺâ
˵Ҷһ˼һ飬ΪˣҪӭȢˣ׿һ۳ƷСĵ˵
ȴֻƷһ漴Ͳ˵ˡ
أʲô˼鱨ôƷʵ
ǻУڹȥǶʱ֮У˼˶ε׷ɱ˾ǽ̽Գ֣һս˵Ϊң˼걻ˣ֪٣Ҳûеõ˼鱨ˣ˵֪ģžЩˣ
˼걻ˣƷеŭƲסˡ
ԭΪ˼еΪⲻ˵ݺᣬҲԱݡ
û뵽ûã˾ǽ̣˾ǽ̵Ķ׷ɱ
ڸʧ
ǽ̽Ҷϣǽ̣ƷЦһ˵Ҫǽ̵ϣмˣʲôĸ֣Ӧǰڸղŵķɣ
ǵȻģæ˵Ȼ˼鱨յĲ࣬Ǿǽ̵鱨ǿɾͶˡ
ȥٵ˼겻ͬǽ̼ҴҵҪһЩ鱨ҲԶҪ̫ˡ
ܿԱߵͽ¼Щõľʯݸ˳ƷҲֶΣ¼뾧ʯ֮С
ҪʹõʱֻҪɨȥɣ
õЩϣƷֱ뿪ĻҪһЩ֮ǰܵ˾˾ɲ˵Ҫϸ̫ˡ
ųƷ뿪֮׿ʵôһ¼ûô
ȷʵһ¼ûУҡҡͷѵĸɽ˵ֻҪ¶ͷģڸڲҲôȫһ֪Ŷԣ
Īʲô֮ģЩɻ˵֪ģͺģýĸ֣ûһܹԵϺŵģ
ô֮УһֱнתϾͻᱻʶƣʲôֶζܣ˵⽣޳ϵģ鲻ţǲǺǸ˼񣿡
ʦ˵޳Ǹ˼йϵô𾪵˵
ǺԵ飬Ȼ˭û߹˼鱨˼ֵôʱҲڵĻҲӦ˵һЩѣ׵˵㻹ǵ֮ǰǸκܵ˾İ׮ͳȥ鱨ҲǺ˼йϵǸֻ
ʱඥô˵޳пκˣ
һѯκֻᣬûһн޳ˣ׵
ˣʱ֪ͨǽ̣ǽ̲ҲôֻҪ˼йص飬õ֤ʵԵõ׵˵
˵ͷûбʾɻ鱨ҵɵҲһˡ


1368 ҹϮ
Ʒ뿪֮󣬲ɵеͷΪѾʵΪǿ鱨
һս֮Ҳʧȥ˹˼Ϣ
ǷͬѰģϾֻºܶ鱨ùǣҲ֪չ˶ܹ꣬չһȻ
鱨Ҳûм˼Ѿ䣬Ҳû䵽ǽ̵С
ʱ㣬ԵֵĻָӦҲѾָ˲ŶԣȴҲκ˿ǾֻһֿܣѾ뿪һƬ
óƷɵмְգòײŵõ˼ϢȴѾ뿪ˡ
ǽ̣ƷЦһȻ˼뿪ʱûдǾˡ
ǻͷʰκңҪԸǽȻҪӳ顣
֮ҪԼʵ
ѾͨصΪһͨ۷壬ҪͷųȫǱ
Ʒһջ֮󣬱ɽͼռ֮оޣһߵȴʦЭὫҪҩѼ롣
ʱʵҲʵֿԽʽķչ
ҹˣɽУžҹһƬ㾲
أڳ⣬һӰͬˮ沨һ㸡ҹ֮С
жʮˣЩÿһͨϵĺ֣һۣؿžſǳͼʶ˿ȻҲˣЩݺľǽ̵ĳԱ
Щ֮УΪ׵һеĵӣĿӥһͷ˲ĺڰĿֱ˳һջ֮ϡ
ѾѯôǸ޳ջ֮Уӿ˵
鱨Ӧþջ֮Уıϣһǽ̵ĸֵ˵ͷ˵
Ǹеĵӻ˵ͷãΧӣ
εٽģڣٽҪ֪޳Ǹ˼굽ʲôϵ
еĵӽȥǶʮҲͨϵĸ֣벽ĸ֡
ݣﶼǼΪµġ
û֪ںҹ֮УѾǱؽôĸ֣עһƽҹ
ɲǼ䣬еĵ͵һһֻץֻ֣ӭǣ͵һӾͳջȥ
أ
ջϷҲзõĽ磬ܹסѾ˵ĸֵһġ
ɲǼĹջͱĵķ飬һ̳׻Ϊɻҡ
֪ٿջ֮еˣ˯֮лδӦͱһ
еĵû˿ĶݣǾǽ£ںô롣
漴ϵ΢΢һôûˣ
ǵôõ鱨ƶϣ⽣޳ܿѾǵ֣Ҳǰ벽ĸ֡
˵ӦòôһŶԡ
һʵ̫˳ˣһֿ
ջ֮Ҳûи֣Ҳһͨĸ֣ǰһѡ
ѵ鱨󣿡ʱҲ׷׷ӳ˹
ʱƣôĶҲɽ֮ԽԽĸ֡
ּ˯֮оͱɨ˳ȥԭ˭ôȻɽ֮˵־Ͷ֡
漴ǾͿЩ˵Ӱ
ôǣܣϳǸΪ׵еĵӵݡ
Ǿǽ̳ܡ
֮УҲͬźպΪǽ̶֣´󹦣γΪǽ̳ϡ
֮ҲһЩܴ
ԭǻΪ֣ڿǲܣϾһֻ˶ʮǰֹģҪɽǣǾڸЦˡ
ҲǺܿľףֻѰġ
һֱǺɱУ
ֻǲ֪ʲô˾ǽȻȻþǽ̵ĳԳ֡
ڿջ֮޹ͨˣǸЩеĿǷΧ֮ڣֻһЩϰˣ
ôô
ܻھǷ鱨˵ʱأһӰƾճ˰֮УȴǳƷ˭ء
Ʒ䵭мŭݣܡ
Ȼڿջ֮Уʵȴɽͼռ֮Ǳޣһûܹʲô˺
ԷҪ֮ģѾȻˣ
Ǹ޳ܱϾǵĶ֣ϾͷӦ˹˳Ʒ
ڸ֪˳ƷûееϢȻֻһͨʱ򣬶ʱһָֻ˸߸ϵģ


1369 ǽ̸
һͨ鱨ô˵ܶκв
ͨ͵֮ľ޴࣬˽֪
֪ҵ֣ȻǱôƷЦһϾ뵽˿ˣһαĿ֣ϳҲûʲô
ƫƫС׵֣ǽôǡɵľƫƫڰʱҹѯʹھǽ̺˼顣
ôôһ£ҲͲѲ²ˣ˹鱨
ûƷڵ˵ʲô˵˼Ǹ˵ʲôϵ
Ʒ˶֣ɱ⡣
ٽҪ֪˼Ǹ˵飬ùԹԸߣĻͱҲˣǿƵѹҲûнƷ
ܣǽ̳ϣƷЦſ˵˵׷ɱ˼꣬Ҳзݣ
Ʒ֮Уļء
Ц˵˳Ʒ֮еɱ⣬ںһͨѣôŭѵܷ첻ɣ
뵽һĨмЦݡ
Ȼˣȥˣ
Ʒ˵
ʲôƺûףƷ˼ȴڼһɲǼ䣬Ʒβ֪ʲôʱѾ˳գܵǰ
ͣ
Ʒֱϲһǿĵߣ֮ƣֱӹᴩܵؿڡ
ۣ
һѪ˳ȫɴ۾ƺȻţԼôᱻƷһɱ
Ҫ֪ҲѾ鵤߰
뵽ףΪʲôһʼһ㲻ԾĸоˣҪ֪ǵ֣ڳкü벽ĸֻ֣ѰͨĳƷȴû˿Ķݡ
ôô죡
ܲŵ˵ǴʱһжѾˣϵҲʧ
һļž
ǽ̵ĸ֣ҲЩսɽǵĸ֣Ҳǳ׵׵סˡ
Ʒٶȿ죬̫ˣ
ʲô书Ψ첻ƣǴʱڼʶˣ
һɱΪ鵤ڵܣǺֱܵؿڿһ󶴣Ҳһ˲䱻Ʒķ顣
ƷܵʬӽɽͼĿռ֮Ŀľǽ̸֡
Щľǽ̸֣Ʒһۣʱͷ·һͷҰ޶һʱŵùǺ
Ƕʱһ飬˲ͷӦ˹
ǼûκνܵľͿʼȥ˿ûҪΪܸ뷨
Цôǿĸֶ˳Ʒϣʣܹʲô
ߣһߣ
Ʒ߸߾ֱۣʮֱڶ˲䳯Щߵľǽ̸ֶȥ
ͣ
ͣ
ͣ
ǺģƷĽɾ͸նɱˡ
Ƭ֮䣬֮ǰڵľǽһ˾ô˳Ʒϡ
ûһ˿һֵ
ɽǵĸɵˣʲôʱɽ֮ôһֲĴˡ
ЩͨͰ벽Ͳ˵ˣΪܶһɱˡ
Щ֪ܵսĸ֣ʱĿɿڴΪǽ̶֣ºպ˾ηĿֲڡ
ɱ񣬾ȻƷһɱˣ
⽣޳жǿ
⽣޳϶Ѿǵ˰ɣʲôͨƭ˵ģ
ÿ£ѵ⽣޳µ˾ǽôǽ̿϶ưոݵģ
۷׷ף֮еȴûϰ㣬ΪǶ֪ƷһɱܿǺܼ򵥵飬ʵ򲢲ˡ
书Ψ첻ƣ˵ܼ򵥣ʵܹˣëǣ
𾪵Ļ֮е׺
ŸոսƷ鱨˾ǽأͬʱҲǽ̵鱨˳Ʒ
ûʲôϾųֻҪǮʲô鱨һ鱨ҵҲ
˾зŭҲκβΪˣŻԥľͽƷˡ
ڿƷɵɱ֮ʱʼеˡ
һжͨ˵ãǿͬƷĴڣʱЩˡ
ֵǣƷնɱ֮ܵ󣬼̾ͷ˹
ɹˣҲ¶˼־ֵ飬νƽʱ£ҹ¹š
ƫƫǾ˿ˣ


1370 ɱ
νʲôʲô˿ʼŵʱȴƷȻֱӷɵϷ
ʦô죿ŵĿףƽʱʲôĸֶĶˣǵ֣ǰһҪԹԵͷ
֮ǰûʲôԵĵط˭֪Ʒô͡
ԺյܾȻһ֮У
һ˳˿ҲֻΪԿȻ
޳ȻǰЩ˶ͬ
ʲôţҾͲˣҴǾǺԣ֮û֮أҧ˵
ʱҲʮֵĽţˣҲѾûбѡˡ
ǳ鱨Ҳǿ²˵ģȻڳƷϿˣ鱨иƷֻŵΪ
ҲֻƶѣڵȵƷ֣ǲŷ֣ʲôƣѾɱ͸ɱһֻô򵥡
ʱĵģƣõĻǿ˾֪ȻֻһЩ鱨
ǹֻԽĸΪԼЧҲͬʱĸ֣һһûп׷ɱ
ƷֱɵϷޱȵĮһ󣬲ɲ£˲ǻһСŶѣȥץ޳ȥɡ
ף
Ʒһȣɽǡ
֮е׺һɫͱˣƷֱӾ͵ˣǳġ
֪˳Ʒģ֪˻ôˡ
Ľ޳
ҧ˵
Ҳ֮ͬ࣬ǰƷ鱨ʱƵĸо
£Ͼ֪ԭˣԳ鱨Ϊ֮Уʲôܡ
ȻλͣȻһЩԺƽƽ
ɱô
Ƕ·ˣһ鱨ҵ£
Ʒ϶Ҳҳɣ
۷׷֮ʣȴǰʯʨһӶˣԭΪֻѰʯʨӣȻɲǼ䣬ͷ޴ޣųƷ˹ȥ
ͷʯʨӵʵȻѷɫѰ鵤ڡ
ǿܣ
һӷӦ˹Ҳֻпܲſ
ƽʱɽ¶ˮģȻĵ̣ʱҲˡ
ѹҽֲ֮УʵȷʵͬѰ
ͷʯʨһһҳųƷй
ƷҲֱâɨ
أ
أ
ͷʯʨձըķ飬Ȼ鵤ڵʵһǿҲǴ´ˣֻϧ˳Ʒ
ڳƷϣһ
³ƷڿֻýΪǱǿĵӾߣֲεĿܸܶκв
ڳƷ˵ֻ赭дС£Ƕɽ˵ȴǳ׺䶯ˡ
ɽеĸȻѹ׵ֶΣ˭֪ͿƷ赭дնͷʯʨӡ
˭ǿ˭һĿȻ
һʱ䣬ϡ
⽣޳ʲôͷһֽΪֱ뻯ˣ
Ϊ֮ǿᣬƽ֮ˣ
ΪĿǿزôѾкܾúܾûмǿĽ˰ɣ
˷׷׸пȴɡ
ոյ˾ǽ̣ѵҪҲ׵ô
˿һȻһѾҪʳѰˣһˡ
Ƭ֮һɫ۵߷˳˳ƷɽǸ壬֪ΪҪĳӣ
ƷЦһ˵ƸѵĲ֪ΪʲôҪĳôǰŸոѯ鱨Ǿͽҵ鱨ˣ
һƬȻ˳ƷĻ˶ȻˣҪ֪֮Ҳкܶ߳鱨
ճƷ˵Լոѯ鱨ͿָܱˣȻĽǶ˵޿ɺǣֻҪ۸񣬾ûв鱨
ǵصһ֮󣬻ǲɵúëĻԺǶҪһˡ
ôȻһ鱨ңʱͺͽƷܵһ˭ǿ˭ͿԻ
ʱɫһ䣬Ҳܹ뵽ϢһȥʲôĴ


1371 ͷ
ЩǱȻҶ֪ǴҶȥһƣŵ̨ϵĻôӰɾʹˡ
Գ鱨ΪĻ˱鱨˫˾ˡ
޳飬û֤ݣ㲻˵󲻿ˣ˵
֤ݣΪŲôҪ֤ݣǷۣףƷ˵˭ҵģ˭ô򵥣
˳ƷĻ׺ʱɫˣ⽣޳ǿƣһǿƵĿ£ƣȴ˿ŲסƷ
ǲ֪޳ǳƷһСŶѣҲˣûʲôֵúġ
ϣҲ˿޾塣
̫̫
׶ʱŭΪƷҪȥ֪켴㲻ڳƷǽֻΪôµĸ֣ΪĨ飬ڵǰ;Ҳͳ׵׵Ļһˡ
һжΪƷĿ˳Ʒϣ޲ýʬΡ
ȴṵ̂ҲὫԼƵϡ
ʦҪô죡ʱѾǳ׵ĻˣƷֱӷֱӾҪ
޳㲻Ҫ̫ˣŭҲƷҪŭƷǳҪ²̨
֣ô㹻ʵǻһ˵Ļֻ¾ܵˣʱ˭ǵ鷳Ạ̊́ƷЦһ˵
Ļȴ˳иĹһףһ׵ֶΣҲһͱˡ
ƷȥѯһЩ鱨תۼôµĳң
Ȼ֤ƷĳһûԼĿֲһͷôԺҪСˡ
˭ûңҲӵΪ
ƷֻҪȥҾͲ׷ԴĿųƷ˵Ļ󷢶ȫҲὫնɱҪǺˣ
вңƷЦһ˵һѵ֪ҵΪԺƽƽ
Ʒ䣬ֱ̧һɨ
âֱն˲񷣬ںҹ֮һĹâĹ켣һ켣ٶȼ죬ɲǼѾն˻ϡ
ʱ󺧣û뵽ƷȻ˵־Ͷ֣һضûС

ֻоؿһҵʹͿԼؿѾһѪ죬Ѫ罦ӲƷбһնһ޴˺ѿڡ
һѪ˳æתϵĹˣͬʱ֮пƷʱ򣬳żɵ
ʱףΪʲôڳƷһغ϶߲ȥˣ书Ψ첻ƣܶ˶ס
ܹƷزģǺˣ֮Ժɨ¡
ֻһ֣Խ󲿷ֵǿնɱˣ
֪ƷˣĻֻһͿԽɱ
ޱߵľȣƷôôǿ
һɱҲˣֻѰ鵤ڣԼѾ鵤ڵǿڰôҲ˲һ
ƷεԼķģѾʧˡ
һжڵʯ֮䣡
ʱ˳ƷĻʲô˼ΪԼԺͳƷƽƽɱܵĳƷҲԼࡣ
һ֣ŷԼ֮ǰжôףѹڸЦ
һΣҲʲôĴڣ˶Թ׺Ҿͽ̤Ϊƽأ˵лк֣ܶҲǸϵüƷ˵
˳ƷĻ޲Ȼ˶ΪƷˣȻ󣬶һҪ̤Ϊƽء
ǰδе飬ǽ̱Ͽǿ󣬵Ҫ˵϶ǸӼɵ
Ƶ꣬û֪󵽵жôǿ󣬵Ǻʵģ϶ԶԶھǽ֮ϡ
ƷȻҪòǺôĵӡ
ѵͲ֮ô
Ժ֮вɵðͷ
ããã
֮˸žâɢһӾҵ׺֮ʮֵɱ⡣
ˣôֲһģ
κβ˳ƷҲֻܽеŭ𶼷й˵ϡ
ͬʱҲ֪ΪƷĻ˵ҲʼɿҪϴ


1372 ȫ
뵽弸ûκԥڳƷǿƱţûбѡ
ܹܵĳƷ˵Ļֻ²ǼٻҲ˵ƷҪ̤Ϊƽص˼
һӣ׺̾͸ܵһǿ˾Ŀ֮£˰ա
Ȼ弸ҧһһٵ˵ףΥĹ涨˽Գ鱨ΪɽǸод̣
Ļʱ׺ɵˣΪѹҲûӰǸˡ
Ҫ֪֮ǰΪܹƷء
ҲǵһˣҲûӵķ
ˣһֻߵˡ
֮ǰЩֻΪκβǿҲֻ
ǳƷȴͬˣرʵֱԹ
Щ˶ʱɫҰס
ΪĿɽĸȻҪץǳС
ԩʦҳģһǮôû̵ȫ˰̵ģͳס
ͽ׵ȻĻðɣȻ˵ɢҲû˵ɢôġ
漴ҲʶˣڲʱæŻ˵ⶼᰡΪ¹ͣŹһΣ
Щͽȥģ
忴һʦͽ໥Ҵ໥ƹʱķЦȴǣϵƣ۵ġ
ڣܹܵעĿȫת˹ȴĿ֮£顣
ֱǶۣ
涼ˣ
ʱ޲кҩһˣǶۡ
죬ŭ͵һӣȻһӾͽˡ
Ȼˣ֮УҲǰ벽ѣֻһͨεסŭ֮µĻ塣
׺֮󣬻ת˳Ʒ޳˰ɣ
Ӳͺˣ
Ʒĵ˵ͷ
ߣ
һȥˡ
Ʒֱת¶ݹ⣬һջ
һսĻǶɽе˵ȴһϷ߳һһ
Ǿǽ̵ĸ֣ȴƷһɱŸһϷ
ƷȻɱȻ˫ֻֻƬ˵ĴѴг˿ݳĹ̡
Ʒǰѯھǽйص鱨鷴ת˾ǽ̡
Ǵḷ́
ǣǱΪƷƿҲֻҧʣ˭֪Ʒû˿˼ɣֱɱһشɽǵĸ塣
һ̫ˣ쵽˴󲿷˶ûпûôӦĵز
Ȼɽв֣Ǹĸ߲ȴ֪٣ɽҲǳ͵ĸ֣һС֮еһ
ȻǿĴڣȴƷһشⷴĳ˳ƷĿ£Ʒ֮ǰóƷδ뵤ۡ
ΣƷµҲѾǿر˾㲻£ҲԲΪС
ǵʱ˵뷨
û뵽ǣһǿƹ˵ڳƷı֮£ȻĴ˜hµ׺
ֶ֮Ҳаľ
˵ըһǵͷڡ
Ȼòˣ
ǰδе飡
Ҫ֪֮УԹƿвٵģȴûܹƵòնɱԼеĳϺ͵˱ĵز
Ȼ˿ĵֻԺҪͽ޳ˣȻĸ׷ɱ޳
ĻҪɨˣ
ǾĿǰ˵ƷܻĿǰΨһһܹò֮ˣòҲã汻Ҳã֪ͻȻðĽ޾ԳΪǵѡ֮һ
⽣޳ʦĸɣôһͷûУ
Ժ֮ལֵ֣ûһܹǰ֮˶Ϻŵġ
һеһУͺǴʯͷĳһǳ֪н޳֮⣬ʲô֪ˡ
һʱ䣬ʼˣȫʼ̽޳ĸֵĸ顣


1373 һɣΧһɣƷ
ص֮˸ź˵â
飬һͻᴫɽǣӾǶ˸ˡ
¶ģʼ󲻷Ͼת־ͱ鱨˵飬Ȼ֪һ㣬û֤һ¡
ǱץСӾһˣ
´ӽҪһǧˡ
뵽еҵͲð
߸ϸܿܿǴδһ죬Լᱻ˳ӡ
óǸ޳мּɵģȻĻԼѱ
Ӷٻ˵ãȻڿôôЦ
ŭ׺һ鱨ҲҪģƫƫǶˡ
֪Ʒô£Ҳô㡣
һתˣһԺ֮е˼˿ָôƾղ⽣޳ͺǸ˼һ֮ǰһĸŶ鲻
ģΪֻҪֹһõģܹܿ
ʱڵҲ⣡
ȴʯͷĳģոճ˵ǰʱ򣬶ŲСʵ
˼ҲͰˣȻޣǻΪǣµȴ޳
ĺʵǿ
µǣ˼ɣʲô£ǽնǽ̣
ܹжϳ˵Ը˹¼ҹһѶԸġ
Ѿ׽Ʒʵ̧һΣ鵤ڣ
˵ĻǾĺܼˣֵεĸ֣ԼǶ֡
һѰ鵤ڣѾ鵤۷ˣѰ鵤Ҫףοһشӡ
ǽ޳飬һоͻᱻɱ
飬һҪʲôͷ
ҧ˵ڱȴѡ˹
֮½֮󣬾ǽ̿϶ưոݣʱȻǸʱȹһ
ҴӽֻѰ鵤ڵĸֶǳƷĶ֣ǵ鵤۷ĸ֡
ָĸմȨ߸ϣҪ˵ǣûô򵥡
뵽ֲɵЩ١
һҹ޻̽ڳƷϣһϵʱ䣬ǻû˿ջ񣬸޴ˡ
ýҲûһǳӵġ
ƾðһ
Ȼ̽鲻ȴҲƷ˲ǵ֮У
ʣɱܣֱͷĳƷĿǰͷһµĸ֣ԲǣĻȻ֮֡
һʱ䣬ƷڵĿջΧ̽Ӷ˺ܶ࣬һʵǿĵ֣ǻûôĵӡ
ȻƷֳͨﻹųƷֻͨǰϻ
Ʒһ磬ȻϵѾ˿ջ֮ȵĻ⣬˶۷׷ףǶѰˣͨĸǰôԶǵ;˵
Ƕ֪Ǹ˵еĽ޳жô˵һɣΧҲһɣһѶͷ󽣣һĭɵĽϢǶ˵ɣǽ̳֮һǿǵְȴֻǽ޳һ󺰣߾ǲôţ
ôţ
˵
ٲ˵ҿɾͷˣ
һڱæߴٸµ϶˵һЩ飬Ƕ
ȴһĨܵͷ­ͱ˳ȥܾȻûӦǾ˵ٶȵжɣ죡
Ǹզզ˵
ҪʲôʱΪͺˣ
ͱˣΣû˼ô˵ôǸ޳֮ôÿҪһСĸеģ
ô׵зģ
˭˵ûУұҵھӵĶĶӾ֮еһƭǲɣ˵⽣޳ĽħһЩϵ
ô˵˫޽أ
۷׷ףͬըһ㣬Ȼ֪ǿǸһɣΧһɣһѶͷÿ춼ҪһСĸεĳƷǵԱߡ
һʼƷµôۣԽԽǸоɫࡣ
΢΢鴤
Ȼ֪ﲻţһϣôʹˣƫƫһɷ£һڲϢӡ
˵ĸһ
Ʒʮ뿪˴ãʦЭᣬ충ҩӦѾˡ


1374 չأͨ۷
Ʒ뿪˿ջûöٹ򣬾ѾϵʦЭ֮С
һΣʦЭľͲˣһĸߴģһۣӺݵߡ
޳ƥɽʦЭĻ᳤֣߿˵
᳤ˣƷ˵ͷȻ˵
֣ųƷ֮ЩӣһսҲǿеģǳ֪ǰ޺жôĿ¡
һɱܣһش壡
һǶȥպĴڣԳƷʱȴ޻֪֮ƷΪжôľˡ
춨ҩģѾȫҵˣ֣˵һ¾ͿԺ㽻ˣ
ţ
Ʒ˵ͷ
һ£޳
ƷҪȥӣؾͱ֣סˡ
ôˣ᳤Ʒʵ
֪ûȤһ񣿡֣˵
ʲô˵Ʒ˵
ʲôڻ˵ֻ˵ʱ㻹ȤĻͨѶʯ֪ͨ㣡֣ҡҡͷ˵϶һڻûӵָԲ͸¶
Ǻãǵʱ֪ͨҰɣƷ˵ͷȻҲЩ棬Թ֣ݣӦʦЭĸ߲ˣҪָѵʦЭܻĸ߲㲻ɣ
Ȼ˵ƷҲʣֻ˫ͨѶʯһ˿Ԫ񣬷㵽ʱ硣
Ŷˣ֪Ѿ˾ǽ̵ĸ߲㣬ֻǲưոأ
֣һ˵
ҿɲϣôɵˣ
飬ҲЩȲˣƷ˵ţ֮˸Ĺâ
ǽ̼׷ɱ˼꣬Ҫúһˡ
ãƷҪͨ۷壬ȪӦҪ˶ʱͿԳͨ۷塣
Ǹʱ򼴱鵤۷ĸη壬ֱӾͿɱ
ûѡϷشκΪ֪Լʵϴ󽫾Ҷɺͻʼҵһ֮еκһ˶ֲ˺á
ǿԱˣ
ǵȵͻƵͨ۷壬оԵţ˶Ķ֣
ʱ䣬Ҫʱ䣡
ȻˣҲͲ˵ʲôˣ
֣״ҲͲ˵ʲôˡ
Ҳ뿼һ³ƷǳƷǽ̶ֵ˵ĻǸ黹˰ɡ
ƷܿõԼҪҩģɿʶɨһ飬ûд֮󣬾;ֱ뿪ʦЭᣬǸջ
ʱڿջ֮УǸڽƷŵǸ;ȻϲĽڳƷġš
ڽ޳һѶͷǿɾ˲ˣ˵δ
ƷʧЦҡҡͷԼķ֮;ֱɽͼĿռ֮С
ƷոյõɽͼʱȣʱɽͼڵĿռѾչ౶ˣԶԶĿԿһĳΣĿռ֮УҩɽѾռһ룬ڲϵĳ󣬱ҩɽҲڸŲϵĳ
һܹݸ軷иıı
Ҫû˱ҩɽƷҲֲĴ
ռ֮УƷڰ֮С
ʼȫתʼͬһ֮Ϸ˿һһŵ֮ΧͷţһƬĺ
ѾͨأҪһҪͷȫǱͨ۷壬˷˿뵤ש
ֻһ˵ǱޣԺ׾ܹͷųǱΪǵǱԶ׼ġ
ȻƷȴͬʼս󶥼ʣΪһ壬ǱѰ˵İٱϣҪͷųͨѰķҪܳʱ䡣
ȪԼ̣
Ʒֱó˴ƿһȪ֮Уʱͬඥһ㣬˲ȫһ飬һ֫ٺ֮У֮С
Ʒ̾ͷˣڵϸ·ܵʲô̼һԴԴϵĻķƾһء
ѾԽƽļˣ
Ʒ֪Լ·߶ˣǱȷʵڲϵıȻٶȲܿ죬ǱԼϵøַǱҪĶˡ
Ȫ鴫
ƷæתʼȪϵĴ̼ڵǱһͷſ
֮󣬳ƷͣķҲѾ֮һҪС֮һܹȫͷĵ˵֮һսܹһϡ
ƷֵһȪ븹УǱܱ˳


1375 ǿ
ʱۣʱգۼţ
ɽƽĶɹʱ䣬ͨ˵ûʲôֱ𣬵Ƕڳ֪ĸ˵ȴеζ
Ͼ˶֪Ʒ׺;ǽԼ˺
Ȼʱ֮У֣ƷҲܣͶջ֮бչǱޣʲô˶
ǸһֱڹעţΪƷѾˡ
ǳƷȴûҪ·ӣ෴ƺڵȴžǽ̺ıһ
ûµģ
ʵȻǿ󣬵˿ǽֻ¶Զ˵ǺᲢˡ
治֪Ʒġ
֮ӦǣƷûߣԤ֮еıҲûг֣֮ǰڳƷǰͷһƿ飬ƺںһ
һǽƺҲûʲôж
;ǽһǿƵȣֱˡ
Ե÷ǳĹ죡
ڣ˶Ϊȥʱ
أȴ֮һҵĲһǧ˳ɽǵϷ
ֵһʱ͸Ӧˣǿռ䴫
˿ȥǧ˾Ȼͳͳžǽ̵ӵķΣֻЩȻŮӣò绨ȴָʵơ
𾪵ǣǧòŮӣȻȫͨľ硣
˲ɵþһʲôȻŪ֮ĴֱʣǧͨŮӣ۷ŵĶ˵Ǵˡ
ǧŮ룬һ޴ޱȵĳһܳװμΪȻͬһլһ㣬ŲͬѰ
ֻǣŵģȻһž޴ޱȵĴ齡
ڴ֮ϣһɢܱ꣬߾Ȼмò绨Ůҡ
ǽٽҶϣ
һһӾͽ˵ݵ
˶ʱộôɧĳзʽҶϣ˭ء
ֻҪһΣͲˣֱȻʵ۳лҪӵ磡
ͨ˿һĻ׷ʲôȻЩҲŹǽٽҶϵ飬ȴ֪ǰΪ¡
ǳиȴ֪ģΪ˼ǰƷŭնǽ̶ʮ֮¡
һǳˡ
֮У忴֮ϳֵҶϣ¶˼Ц
⼸ʱ֮УѾˣȻźأԵֵĻָܿѾָˡ
ƫƫ˸Դȴǲ鲻Ʒĸţһоƾðһ
ʮַѽ⣡
һߣʦЭ᳤֣Ҳǿ֮ϼҶһˡ
ʲôû˵һжҪǸ޳Լܲܿһˡ
ջ֮ڣ˶ɵˣҶϵƾճ˿ջϷɵҲ֪ˣҶϵ߲ơ
ոյѾͷųȫѹѹȵ̧ͷ
ãڳ֮ϵǸҶϲ˵ۣȥƬڻ˶ɱˣ
ɵûȻƬˣҶֻһ仰Ҫɱ⡣
Ҳ̫б˰ɣ
طĸֿһĻɵĻΣҲɽڵˣߴ¾Լļˣлǻޱߵŭӿġ
ǾҶϣһ֪ôһ˵һŵŮӱϣ˼Ҿܾһŭ֮¾ͽų¾˸⣬ˣһʣ
Ҳ˵ǸŮӱȥͼ¥
Ҫиõĸףͱ˴ˣ
ʲô취һøףǽ̽˭ǣ
۷׷ףߣȴû˸ȥֹǶף֣ȫ۵Ѱ·
ǧͨŮӾ㹻˵ˣ
ڿջ֮ڣһƬڵЩ˶ʱ׹ߣһԲϾҪͳͳɱ⣬һɶûС
ضûУֲǣǱһɿֲѹѹţãǱɱҲֻǵ
ҪȴԼζ·ס˲һɼͷЩ˵Ŀ¡
ΪʲôĶ˻䵽ǵϣ
ֵĸоÿһÿһ룬ڶ꣬û˻վǡ
ڸȫĬˣĬҶϵһһΪֹҶΣֻ䱳ӿֲľǽ̣һԽɽǻ
ǸǾǽ̵Ķ֣


1376 װûװɣ߳ŭ
ӦվĳʱҲĬˣ
ԾǽȻɽǳǶ֣ҲΪЩһƽȥǽ̳׵ˡ
ڣ˶ֻܹڵϣɪɪĵ
ֵϣһ긾˱һСɪɪ˫ȫһѹ֮£
ȴȫĽӱԼĻУ߾ȫıԼеȫɵӵϣԼȴѹѹĹͷ죡
СŮԼĪģ֮˸ž֣֪ΪʲôͻȻͱӣ·֮ѹС֮һ
ֵȫ˵ϡ
֮ϣǧǽ̵Ṳ̊Ŷݹ⳯һƬɢȥ
оȴź
أʱһɸӰϢͷ˳ԭѹϵѹһѹĳ֮£˲ʧ٣˷׷̧ͷȥ
ȴ˴ĳ
ȴӿջֱ֮ӷɳһڱâն𣬵ջǧСĽâֱӻƳճЩǽǧɨȥ
һĻ˹Ļɨ񷡣
ԭڶǧǽŮӼһ˲䣬ͷ׷ױɨˡ
Щâͬ۾һÿС
ԶԶȥͷ·Щǽ̵ŮųѪɫ̻һձն
أ
أ
أ
ɲǼ䣬ǧŮȫնɱһûӹһҲӲ
ʲôˣҶ϶ʱһһ飬ǧŮӾȻһնɱо˺ݺץŴһƣŭա
ȻǳģֺαҪ˼޹أ
Ʒӿջ֮߳һһ֮ϣҶңңš
Ҷм߳ŭ飬ųƷ˫Ŀͨ죬޲ֱ˳Ʒһһװƶװɡ
ǧŮǿɶģÿγжƺƴٲЩдŮӵġ
˼޹ƨ޹Ȼ⸽ΪܹȵôҶɫм˵ҾƫҪһ
Ʒҡҡͷ֮˸ɱ⣬ֻҶ̫ھһװûװɣ߳ŭжһ
һСʱױߣ
һĸĸӵܰˣ
˳Ʒ֮дŵļʧҶ϶ʱŭ㾹ȻҶԱʧʲôҲ䣿
Сܾ谮߸ϣõľļһΪ˭
ҲҪһҪʱһܾĥҵҪ˼Ǹ˵ʲôϵ
Ҷɫ࣬Цš
䣡
ɲǼ䣬ƷˣһѳϣһµĽâճҶնȥ
Ҳ֣
Ʒٶ̫ˣ쵽˶û뵽ͻȻôֻ֣һֵľͱƷӵ쾡¡
ҶҲƷһ˵ױסˣŰƷŭҪŰ
ͷϾǽٽĹ⻷ڳƷǰʺǡ
ȻҲΪҲѾ뵤Ƕͨ˫޲ɲĻ䣬ͳƷִʬɽѪɱĸͬն

һ޴ĺâձһµķ籩ϯȫǡ
еĽ缸һӾˣ󲿷ֵĲ赲ȻһನԽƬݻ١
ֽ棬Ǻ˵ײһޱȡ
Ʒ̧ͷȥȴԼ⺬ŭһȻˣȴǰ֪ʲôʱѾһףֳӡ
ڹؼʱ򣬵ס˳ƷһҶıҲһ
ʱҶϲڷӦ˹ԼȻˣһСУ뵽һ¡
ʱ˱ףŭա
ūɱɱҪʬΣͳͳҪҪǸᣡ
Ҷɫţ뵽ԼȻڳƷеŭͷ
еĸִʱڻعŷӦƷղſһҶϡ
ȻҶϵʵǿģʵǿҲǱȱȽǣôŻܻôãΪһΪµӡ
ݴţǽ̽鵤֮ϵĴڣһ֮ͽǽ̷չݺĵز
ƷɱһԲϾͶ֣
ʱҲ޻˵ˣƷɱ;ѾǼˣ˭֪쿴ǲŲëëꡣ
뵽Ҷ϶ɱôɱֲҲûʲôֵˡ


1377 ֮繷
ƷֱǷӣ
Ϊһʱʹ죬ʲô鶼Ҹɳ
ȴ֪ڳƷ˵޳ֻһСţŲŷַٻ㿴
û˳ƷݵƷԸӷſֽţ˼ɣɱɱ
汾£Ȿ֮ѵõĳ״̬
ȻҲǵطҪݸͷ棬ˣͨ
ܹͨͨж䣬Щֲ˼ͨ
Ҷϵ𶯻ɽǵĸֶˣֻӳĬվ
ɱңƾƷЦ˵Ҫûĸףַӱ˴ιŲţ
ҶЦһ˵ΣҾǾû¼֮ˣǸһϴ˼ǸҾˣΪܵõô㻹ǹԹԽ˼Ǹʲôϵɣһĥ㼸죡
һ˲Ըἰĵطǵûоʲô˼ģ෴ĻǷֵ⡣
˵Ѫ߹֤
ȻΪʲôеһ߸ϣеһȴΪūΪ澣
ⶼ
õǸ
Ǹļ澺ǰļһȻҷˣֱ

Ʒ֮ɱزסҶϳ׵׵ļŭֱһ繷ʺһƫƫΪоá
ҪɱҶϣҪΪūһء
ūɢųɽϢֻǾվűһַ·ɽһĸо
һΪǿĶ֣
鵤۷壡
Ȼһ鵤۷ĸ֣
ָӦĸ֮ǣȴȻҶϺȥūһ㡣
Ʒ͵һ֮ǰĹھǽ̵֮Уйūļء
Ǿǽ̽µĵһ֣ųÿÿǽ̶սǳڵһߣʵǿϲףų
ǽ֮УҲϺŵǿڣ
ݾǽ̶ƣΪǽ̽ʱȹūūĸԸΪǽ̵ţ
˵˶֮Աǣּĸ֣ʲô飬Ҳñˣôܱ˺ȥţ
֮Уȴһ˵ǾūʵǱǽ̽ˡ
˽ˣԲòΪǽ̽ʹţ
𰸳ƷǾģˣּĸôһء
֮еõū϶鵤۷ΪȴΪūֱͣɱ
ˣ
ūųƷһǳ˵ͷһ
ûеһʱ䷢ΪҲ˳ƷϲŵΣϢĵһֱԲСǰֽӡ
ūϰҪʬΣҶϲĴ𡣡Ҫҹĥ֪Կ˵³ͱ߹󣡡
ΣգС
ūƺûܵӰ죬˵
ΣգȻΣգȻҴӸǱרŰҪΪʲôҶֱӺݺһūͷҳһ޴Ľһ㲻ѵȥðգ㲻ǺųҸµһôôһǰ
ū֮ŭ⣬˼ʹ飬֮еŭϾ
ѵ㲻ÿɱôַΪūȥƷĿһĻ˵
ܹ鵤۷ˣĸӢۺܣӢţȴ˵һһԴ
鵤۷ĸ˵ĳ衣
ū֮漴ֱ
޳ԣǹԹԸǱãͱҲˣū
أ
ū䣬ֱӾͱҶϺݺһӴͷϣһӡūʱشܵ˾ҵĹһʹÿһϸ˳
ū־Ҳܲס
ҶϺݺһūϡ
ūţ˭ˣҪҪʬΣ
˶û뵽ᷢչӣҶϵ˵棬ֱӾͿʼѵū
ǰݣųƾǽ̽µһֵūȻҶϽѵĺһһ
меĸֶҶŭĿӣʲôӪʱм֮ģ޲ݣϾǺūһ׷ߣֻΪвͬˡ
ȻɹһԴ繷أ
ʱЩ࣬


1378 ѹū
ʱ򣬳Ʒһӣˣһһ㣬ֱӻһ⣬˲ѾҶϵǰâ˺ѿһС
䣡
һ˲ɨȻâڼҶϵʱ򣬾Ѿһ˳赲մķ顣
㣬㻹ҪƷĿū˵
òܣϻ˵
ūǿ˵ȻղűڵĹǺǱϾһ鵤۷ĸ֣Ƭ֮ѾָĲˡ
ϣūɱҶϴһ亹죬ղֲ㱻Ʒɱ
Ҳǳ׷Ӧ˹ɱƷôܻᱻƷɱ
ȻҲ鵤ĸ֣ףԼͳƷж󣬼ֱ¡
֪ȻܹǿزЩ˼ʵΪɵĸףҲ֣š
˭֪һξ˳ƷѹͲںݵǿߡ
Ҳ֪ʱǽѵūʱûūڳƷˣһΡ
콫ūʵ̫ˣҪûūֻҪˡ
ūԣ֮âɲǼ䣬Ѿ˳Ʒǰеĳͬһɽһѹ˹
ֲѹֻɲǼ䣬Ѿͷ˳ɨգһһ㣬ųƷɨ
أ
Ʒٽֵˡһâϯϣһ˳ײһ
һɣūҪٶȳ֣˭֪ƷɲǼ䣬Ѿٶȼ졣
ƷĽûбص㣬ǿ죬ֻǿѣĽƾѾ޼᲻ݣ¼ˡ
ūֻɹתء

һ޴ޱȵĺƷһն˳֮ϡ
⣡
ū˺üסΣ֮־飬Ʒٶʵ̫ˣȻҲô
һףһȻҲǲͬģȻȻƷˣ
е˼
ƷЦղһūǾƷǾϲ
ͷȫǱδɣһսҲѾ鵤۷鵤۷ˡ
ʵĸоʵ̫ˡ

Ʒгһնȥ
Ʒеȴһɽһɨ
ǳƷѾﵽľ磬Ӿᣬ˾أһ룬ҲڳƷзӳ̩ɽѹһܡ
䣡
һٶնūĳ֮ϡ
⣡
ūٶȺˣоƷ̫ˣÿһȸղŵٶȸ죬

ƷЦһٶһնȥ
أ
ūֻоȫڲƷĽǴϵһնȥûʲô٣Ҳʲôܵĵط
ǾĽԿܵģΪûлҲʲôɵĵط
һһҲУΪĻƷһͻֱնϡ
֮䣬ʲôֶζҪ鷳
ūһս鵤۷ĸҲֹǴûƷֶֶֻ֣ξʹֱҪ޷мܡ
޴ӶҶϣֻѡӲҶһĲĻôǽֶ̽θܹܵ˵ģҪܡ
Ϊ𾪵ǣƷʵȻϵ
˿ܸܵĲԣƷָܵΪԣΪÿʱÿڳܲϳɳĳƷ
ܵǣƷѹͽ˲ʯԼʵļ
ƫƫòֵ
ɽеĸֶѾɵˣôһ£
Ժյ鵤۷ĸ֣ǽ̽µһ󽫣ȻѹŴ
޳Ǻηʥ
˻޳̫ˣҶֻߵˣ
֮ǰû˸Ҷǿӵ϶ѣ˸Ҳӷˣ
˴ûн޳Ҳˣ
⽣޳ʲôµĸô
۷׷ףūѹŴ
˵ɽеĸֻпֵ˼ĻôҶϵɫǳˡ
ūڽڰˣҲζҲĽڽڰˣԭڶװƶûװɣƵˡ
Ƿ㲻Ҹµһôôôûã
Ҷϴš
ǰūû˼ȥ룬Ϊ˵һʼ࣬ųƷʵϵоһϢĸо
·ָס˲һ


1379 ʵ
ܲ͸Ĺ˫ֶʼˣ˫ֳָ귴Ʒһֳֻֽѹˡ
ƷһҪȫԸ
µǣܹоƷģ֨ʵжڽ
˵һʼƷڽ򻹲ʲôƾʵϲǿŹ˵ٶȺ۸˶ѡ
ôڣƷĽƿʼ׷ˡ
ΪֲģͻƵģϾôˣмţⱾʲôƳƷӣһս֮УܹӾ˵ĽȵģȴǾ޽еġ
֣ƷǽֵˣڽϷô衣
ǴʱҲѾûйʲôˣƷĹѾɨ
֪ǣڳƷԺ֮УϸŻʼս֮йڽļء
ʼսǻʾһѼĸԼصļأм¼Ϻŵǿѧ
йڽļҲǶ̣ид˵нĽܸ٣ųһнĶڡ
Ʒ֮ǰȻҲѧһЩҲһЩѣ̸ǽ̸ǵĵزֻĲΡ
ΪڳƷ˵վֻǹ߶ѣĳǿԽΪͷųȥ
Ȼڣս֮УȻʼ˽ܸ٣⽣ܸ֮мһнĸһЩƽƽʽȴĸ
ÿһжǧֵı仯һеĿʼ
ѧ˽ܸ٣Խô򣬿ҲƬܹ֮ѧ衣
ΪκεĽӱ˵Ǵӽܸݻġ
ܸٱẠ̊́һ޿ѧϰһӶδܹš
ͨĽĲΣǴʱ䵽ӽݻɵǾߵľ硣
һ˹ҪܾҪѧϰһӣƷݽ겣ֱӴӽʼ֣ɽܸٿʼѧϰǲ֪һӶĻ
Ժ֮Уһö񲻶ϵ˸ŹâƷ·ҲһĪ״̬
ֻǱ˱һԵ侲ԵڽҲһǧ
ٶȴﵽ˾׵ٶȣÿʱÿ̶൱ڱ˿Ҫµٶȡ
ҲΪʲôūܹоƷٶԽԽ˵ԭڽϵΪһʼ裬ľͨ
ֲū֣ųƷڽ֮󣬿ʼԽԽֲвԭӿ׼ݣǿʼ仯Ī⡣
еĽп磬еĽ̩ɽе̩ɽȴ棬ɱأһġ
·һϰĽһеʽҲʲôɬĸо
ԽʱƣԽˣ
˹ĳƷūоԽԵֵ
ڣҲ֪ȥ˶ã
Ʒڴӷ֮˹ɽͼڵʯҲڶ̶ʱĴ˵ĻתҪճƷȫľѪˡ
ֶڳƷĿǰ˵̫߼̫ңԶĴڣÿһζãÿһν״̬Ҫۡ
״̬֮ѹĳƷʱоԼڽﵽһǰδеĵزǰľȭ˵ģȴ˽
ֻҪܸ֣Ҫȥѧκѧ׵Ķˡ
ΪκνѲ˽ܸٵķΧеĽɱѧϰ
Ķ棬ūʱһ˫ֶڲƵĻڴѾױˣѪ
Ҳû뵽ԼȻᱻƵϡ
ڴ״̬֮гô
ƷֱˣūղҲųƷնɱ˭֪״̬֮µĳƷúƻһ׼Ŀ¡
Ȼ
Ʒū˵ǻһˣͱ״̬µĳƷɱˣͻǰ
Ϊʹˣ
䣬ƷѾˣгֱնһӡ
һ׼¼ڻʼս֮ϵĵ
ն
Ʒâ糤һ㣬ϢԴԴֻʩչͨʽĳƷѾܿˣʩչһڵ֮ҲƾĽʵӳɵһµĵز
ūһȣгͼٶȵֵֻǸոһ糤һĽâͱ˳ȥ
˷·ֻһһͼ͵һӺ䵽ūϡ
أ
ūɳȥϵ׺Ȼһըѿⱻ˺ѿһƬѪ졣


1380 ȫ뿪
ūһӺɳȥȫը飬¶˱Ŀһľ׳ĺӡ
¶˺Ȼ飬Ʒһղżֱֲûˡ
֮ǰ˵ƷĹǿǿ赲ĻôڳƷնһȴһ޷ƥеĸо
֮Ʒʵ
Ʒĵ˵ͷ˵֮ǰʵֻǱѰ鵤۷Ҫǿһ㣬ôڣȫȫѹ
һǱѾ׵׵ͷ˳һսĴ̼˻ɱ䡣
Ѿȫοֻһɿ봫˵е鵤磡
Ѱ鵤۷壬Ķ֣
ҵĥʯ
ūѵĿ˵
һ൱ҵĥʯ񣬱˵ǸҶϣƷЦ˵ɱôҪҵôôڱ˵ͷڹ꣡
Ҷɫ࣬ǻûҳǰȥΪ̫ˣǰһжôĿֲūæֵһֻصļӸУ뿪ūıΧ
ĺѾ׻һŮҲڳƷҽ֮£ūֻʲô
Ľ޳ģһģūסҪѾ֪ͨףò˶ã׾ͻǰնɱⲣ
ҶϵĻʱɽһƬȻ
ǲܹǽ̽µһ󽫣ܹۿǽ̽ˡ
˵оǽ̽ǿǳԽ鵤ĸ֡
뵽˶ʼ˷
Ȼūʱһ䣬¶˼ֿЦ飬ʲôѣѡ
ҶϴֵİϢ˵ˣڳƷɵǽ̽磬ֻҲǻӿɱǵٶȣǻŹǡ
ȻĶ棬Ʒ¶˼飬ȻˣҲͲˣ
ٽһУգ
Ʒһʱ;ǽֱ̽ӽ֣˾ԪͻƵ鵤֮ȻȥҾǽ̽鷳
Ʒг͵һ˺˳գٶȻһյľһͼһ㳯ūѹȥ
أūʱֻֿĿһâ

ūһҽУһѪը˿鵤۷壬ҲֵܹסƷһ
ʱ˫֮ȴ¶˼ֽѵ飬Ϊǽ̽ƿأɱУһɱͷͻػ˲ܼΪҵĥ
£ûеѡֻܹΪǽ̽ս
ڣ˳Ʒϣһֽѣ
Ʒǿһ㣬Żֱ֣
ūһҶ϶ʱɥ˶ɵˣܹİȫūȻǰΪ˱
뵽;ò
ɲǼ䣬תܣץһֱ˺ѵ
ȻǰֱӶһš
һӡھ֮еĴǶ͵ģõģ֪жôˡ
ҪҶҲ׵óġ
ǵڣûбѡ
һ£һ¾ͺã
Ҷֱӷӵ˴ǰܹһߵĸ׾Ǳߡ
ȴʱȴƷһâձֱ׷Ҷ϶ȥ
أ
ҶϱֱնУ͵һӲҽһ˲ը˿һѪ
˭
ڴŵһߴһȵŭ˼¡
һɿֲϢӴŵһϯ˹
ɽеɫˣǺεȿֲĸ֣
һ˻ɽǵ
鵤֮ϵĸ֣
ȴΪҶϵʼһıѿ
ҲŹģ
ŵһֱӺɨһֲĹѾѵĴźɨ
һĳ
ƷҲֱһһɨޣ
ֱۻ΢΢
Ʒ¶˼ֺȻ飬һȷʵˣڵʵѰ鵤۷嶼Ķ֣ūļ֮УһȻֱܹ΢΢
ȷʵ
ڴһߣȷʵǾǽ̽ˣӳֵǿ˵ûдǽ̽Ӧþ鵤۷֮ϵĸ֡
û뵽֮лֵεĸ֣ˣֻҲܹ¾ǽӴҵ
һҶնɱ֮󣬳ƷūǬУҲͣųȥ
Ŀֱָκ


1381 κ
Ʒһ·Уһ߲鿴ҶϺūǬ䡣
ȻūΪǿڸΪūĹϵǬܹҲͲƷʯȻͨ˵ѾһˣǶһ鵤۷ǿ˵ȴٵĿ
෴ģҶϾ͸еĶˣǧƷʯ֮⣬кĸĵر主г̶ȣūܹȵġ
Ʒò档
ȻһֻūͣһٽλȫͬūʵҪԶԶҶϡ
ЩȻȫ˳Ʒˣ
һ̵㣬һƷֱӽ˴κľڡ
Ʒֱӷ˴ǣĻȴûоκˡ
ֻǸոշ˴ǵźȴ֣źڱһһŵķһźūһ˫ִһһȺʿѹߡ
ֻǶ̶̼ѣźѾˡ
Ʒλף϶Ǵκ͢źˡ
Ʒ㣿أһϲƷתȥȴһεӰϲĴ󲽶
ƷڽֽǣתͷȥȴǱˣ˾ͽ¡
˾ͽһžµСϴżŵľϲһ˫֮УỨ
û
˾ͽæ˳Ʒߡ
Ʒĳ˾ͽ֮бžϲΪġ
ôأƷ˵⵽ôһ£
ƷָǱֱ߱Ӳ˵ź˵
㻹֪ǰ죬͢ͻȻ˵ӳ͢ͼ췴͢նɱ⣡˾ͽȶס񣬿˵
ųƷƽ˾ͽ¶ϲ飬ȻһֱųƷ϶£ҲֻԼô룬˵һԸ롣
ÿ춼ߣͼȵƷôƷӰЩˡ
ƷڵĻӦͻ˲ŶԣǳƷûһ˿һļ
·ǳ͢˵Ѿɱˡ
˭֪ȴͻȻ˳ƷĻع飬ʱϲ⡣
նɱ⣿ƷЦһκ͢Ǵĺ̡
ᣬݺݵˢһڸУҽƷ˵ɱ͢ɱû˳͢
ƷӶ̶ʱµ첻µزᶼȴ˳͢ϡ
֪ʱ䣬˶ҪԳ͢Ŀ࿴͢Խǿ˾Խǲðͷ
ǰӾ͸ˣ֮ڵֱϵųնԶ׷ΪūһźĲƲ乫
˾ͽµҲ̫ˣǶͼıԸƷȻƷȴͼ췴ɱ
΢ᣬʲô鶼ˡ
˭֪ȴϲĿ˳ƷĻع顣
Ʒʱ֮ķâǳѾųնˣ
Ʒ֪͢¶ĵĻֻ³¸ûзźƺҲǴκĹ壬ݣʱȴЩѰŻҪӴ
ΪȨƶڴκ͢һ͢ôҪɱǣһ仰飬СԽء
һţΪǵʹУκ͢Ҫ֣Ҳܼ仰һű
һǻˣƷʱЩˣֻ˼ѣΪκ͢ôģǶԸһ˰ˡ
Ͼźǿ򣬴ӿΪ͢²֪ٺ̳ͣزҲΪ͢¡
νɮ濴棬ûйҲп͡
źΪκµϣڱǣ
ڲŷ֣Լ̫С˴κ͢ĺ̶ȣκʵȷʵһĺɱ֮һĶ֣̽ûУֱӾº֡
ź֣ȻΪ˲󻼣Ʒźϣȴ͢նɱҪ˵źûԹԣǲܵġ
ûУֻҪʵ۾Уôȡ֮
ĪеǾ͹ˣ
뵽Ʒϵɱ⳹ױƶƲס
ǵûУźһұѺ̳ȴҪնǰϦȣ
˾ͽæ˵
Ʒ˾ͽµĻϵɱ΢һЩ
ȣ֪֪˭Ʒʵ
֪û֪˵ѾױŭҪһˮʯֻǵĿǰΪֹû֪Ǿ˭йϵģ︽˺ܶܵ˾̽ӣ˾ͽµ


1382 Ļ֮
˾ͽ¼˵ҽ˦ܵ˾̽ģû뵽Ŀˣû̫ˣ
˵Ʒû£ôһҲͲҪˣûи߹κˣ⼸ҹ͵͵޺۾üΡ
֪ԼϲϳƷˣֻһϲױ¶ѡ
˵ûһǳƷر𣬴Ǵ׾ʼϣǶһĵĺ񣬸ͻƵͨӴ˿Լˡ
֮󣬳ƷһҲǳ״֪ԭһ˿㵽ز
͢˵㱻ɱʱһ˺ܾã˾ͽ
ƷҲ¶˼ֿЦ˾ͽ¶ϲֲǻˣôһûУֻʵЩʱ
±˾ߣڿһΪųնôֻޱȵΡ
ȻͳʵϲûʲôϵǲɷϵǣΪʱǳҸһڷ絲ĵط
ڵ˴ĳƷ˵ǷǳҪġ
缺̫ĵء
ΪԼôƷһӶⲻȥ
ǱˣƷڿһиɻ˳µ˭أ
Ҫ֪ڳ͢˳Ҫźųնʱ֣ǰҪͳ͢ˡ
ǶӸ֮Ϊ˳һڶ϶ֱңʱ˿϶ӵıŭ֮ľͬ籩һı
ʲôôĵӣ
ɲӾͿõģ㹻ʵܹ
ܹزӣʵģڴκһЩɳֵģȴһ벻
ܾûô򵥣ܾǳġ
ȻĻһֻûǸֵֵǸĻ˺ͳ͢Կ
أڳƷҲ벻ͨ˭˵ʱһӰӲԶ˹Ƭ֮䣬Ѿ˳Ʒǰ
ʣǳʦ棿ǸӰ˵ڲƺЩ˼飬ųƷȻš
ƷȻĻţĶĶˣ
ǸԺֻ֮صôһ뷨
ңƷ˵ͷȻǸӰһСˣͨ˲ûʲôֱ𣬵ǳƷȴܹóͨˣȻһͨĺ֡
ƷһӦǸĻ֮ϵˡ
Ȼǳʦ棬СĻΪԼˣ룬֪ʦɷпƲһ𣿡æ˵
СĿһ۳Ʒǣɲ˿ǿȵ뷨ʲôЦǰᶼĳǿߡ
ϵĵĸԺյĴڣȴƷɱһɱˡ
СආֻҪһָͷ֪١
е˼ǰ·Ʒ˵Ȼ֪˳˱ˣûΣգƷҲͷˣʱôżˡ
漴ƷֶԱеɵ۵˾ͽ˵˾ͽС㣬Ȼȥɣƽ֮ɣһ飬ϣҪ˵ȥ
Ҳ˵ȥģ˾ͽæ˵
Ʒ΢΢һЦ˵ͷȻŸǸС뿪ˡ
̫ˣ˾ͽ¿ųƷ뿪ıӰϲЦտ
漴Ҳת뿪˽ֽǣ·һһͬһԵİǹСŮһ㡣
Ʒӣֱ뿪źĽֽǣʮֿһкߣһк󣬵ߣȴֻһլԺԵüΪ⡣
լԺ磬ȴֵ͵ûн̻ԻͣԶԶȥҲܿͬѰ
Ǽ˭Ʒ̤ں֮ϣһլԺȥ
ǰ·ǸС΢΢һȻ˵ʦһССĹӣϾ͵ˣʱǼԽܰɣ
Ʒ˿ÿɷ񣬲Ҳûж˵ʲôܿ죬լԺǰ
ǸСһӡլԺϷĽֱɢ
Űһصġ֨򿪡
ƷУҲթڴκ֮У治ʲôթ
Ҳûʲôܹκε
ֻǶ̶̼ѣʵ͵ȣ˷츲صı仯ͬն
˿̨ͤ¥һͥԺ֮УͥԺ֮ڣһӰԺ裬ǸС˴ųƷǰʱ򣬶ʱҲ¶˼Ȼ𾪵顣


1383 һ
ƷȥһԼĪʮµ꣬޳ͦΣһɫĳۣȷʵ
ǳʦ棿Ȼһ𾪵ɫҲֻ΢һ˲
ҾǳƷ֪ǣƷĵ˵ͷ˵
ʵǴκʮ˻ӣκģ껺ڡ
Ʒ֮֮ɫܶĻ֮˵ݣû뵽ȻǴκĻӡ
Ҫ֪ųնĿǴκʵۣӵľȻȻΥԼӵԸҾ¡
ǳ׳Ʒ֮飡
ϸһ£ǵʮ˻ӵϣκдʮ֮࣬ʵǿ󣬾߱λģҲм
Σп϶ûôһʮ˻ӡ
㻹֪ģ
˭Ҳû뵽ʮ˻ӾȻ־³ҡ
ԭʮ˻ӵ棡Ʒֵŵ¾ҳ£ҳƷָл
ʦˣұͲͬʺͻֵźҴκĿΪҴκ˶ٺͣһı췴Ҫųնʵ̫ˣκĻ˵
ȻκһƣƷͤУԼԶ
ֻ²˵ȫʵɣƷһκģЦЦ˵ɰɣȻ͢Ѿ֤ѾˣôкαҪðվҳ֮أ֪͢ĻӦɣ
κĿųƷ˶٣ȻȻʦô˵ˣôҾ˲˵żɽ˵ˣȷʵӳ͢ʦӦѾˣϢǴӴ󽫾ͻʼҵһĿ˵ģŶȺܸߣ˾ΪˣԲŻŵģ
˵ʵҲóʦĿĺСκҲֱ˵
Ʒ˵ͷŵģκĸոռºıҲܹжϳʵǼٵġ
κĸոտʱҲͬʮ𾪣ƺҲû뵽ƷŻ
Ͼ͢ôĵˣȻ൱׼ȷȣĻǵű˴ô
˭û뵽ƷȻܹӳ͢޵֮ӳɡ
Ȼ˵ĻΪʲôҪأƷʵ
ʵڶģڶһߵĿԣκĻ˵ȻǴ󽫾͵һȷϵģܾԳʦʵ˵Ҳȫûϣ
ȻϣãǶ˵Ψһϣκ𽥱˵
λƷͻȻһӷӦ˹˵
ҾҪλڻʼңм˲õϵλأκ˵Ǻͼλȣ̫ˣҵĸҲʲôǿļ壬СͼλֶĻҲûʲôԱȽϵģֻҲûۿң˵ǽҵλ֮ˣ
κ˵ʱмԳ
ô̫ˣκ֮һڸжûеĻмʮĻӣ˷ڣʵ涼
ģľһɢүүˣΪκÿһʵ۵ĻӶ̫ˣÿһôڴκĲ˵ֱ쳣ѣÿһܹĲ˶ѣֲһܾһľλĺ֮ͻƽ
ȻѾ˻ƼңͲô׵ķ
֪ԸʺͻֶԳ飬ʦûĻ϶ưոݣôҲû˻͵أκĻ˵һ۳ƷоƷϣ֪ƷرԸ
ôһʵʵȥ֣ҲͲ͢ôļɵˡ
ϧʺ
ΪӣȻûʲôȨƣȴҲ֪ıһ˶̫ˣͨ˻ΪжֵǴκ͢Ȼȴ֪ʵֵǽʺ
ҲΨһĻᣬڴκҪϻʵûǿ֧ǲܵģ֮Ը֧ҵˣ˳ʦҲûбˣκĵҲŻðճ־³ңȫɣ
κĿųƷƺǵ̬һ
Ʒ΢΢˵ͷŵģֻҲû뵽κľȻ˴󵨣Ȼ˺ģˣôκľ˵ᱻܵ˾鵽ôֻ·һ
ȴԸһѣ
Ȼʮ˻Ҳһ


1384 ɺЭ
ʮ˻κҲһݽɫ
ƷѾˣôͶ״ҲʹˮƯ
ʱ׸ϹӿϹˣ
һģ
κ˿ɹʶûУ
ΨһܹŵģǳƷսųƷܹӳ͢Χ֮»
һäĿΣ˵ƷһһץסͿܷȻĿǣץסˣҲܳˮȥ
ΪȷƷƷκ
ϾڴκǾǰѳҺͳƷֻ֮Ҫڵĵһ죬ƷܱϿɡ
ƷѡҲҪôƷκϵҪô⣬ԼɣƷʵ
˿ƷûǸϾôƷҲƷκ
𿴳ƷѾɱ˼ԶѪ֣ʵϣ֮У˶ǵ׵ġ
˼Զܹλ̶֣ܴҲΪһδ֮һ˳λѡ
Ȳ˵ڵƻ̬ΣֻǴ󽫾ҶɺͻʼҵһֳƷͲǵĶ֡
һﶼܳƷδǰ;Ҳδڡ
κĽϣڳƷϣܿǵȲһٷ³˵ͻᱩ¶Ǹʱ򣬾·һ
Ʒѡų뿪κĸҲǳߡ
ԲŻ˵κһģ
Ʒ˵κǼ˵Ҿõĺ飬ȱһ֧ҵĸ֣ҲҪλΪͳϴԩӦǾԲԼˣȻ뾡һа취ԸҴ߶磬ΪԼͳԣλ˿϶ҲǻԸģô
ҾͲͬˣ
κ˵¶˼Գ飺ʲôͳأܳΪκĻʵۣȻ뾭ѵѡ񣬸ʵоҶƷ
Ʒ֪κԼķеѡкܶ࣬˲ͿԴųҵ뿪ٻͿԽκ췭ظʵʱõıϡ
κûѡ񣬳ƷѡĻˡ
κı򶨣ֱ۶΢΢ڿ֮еȭͷսָ״ж֪֪ΨһĻᣬôƽӹȥƷΨһϣ
¶ĵĺģھ͵Ҫջʱˣ
ãҺҺƴƷ˵ȻͿܻûκĵһ󣬵ⲻӸµĺκ˵ʵĵͱϡҲ㵽ΪʲôԭҳҵˣĿ߳͢ݺԼҵҲãҲãǷһ飡
ƷԼȻκûбѡ񣬲ҲûĸõѡڴκûиֱӵĽӴǴ㽫κ췭ظȴϣκɵͿ̿κҪһʵ۵ġ
ʮ˻κȻõѡ񣬵ĿǰڳƷ˵ȴʵġ
̫ˣκڱסˣ˷ܵ˵ʦֻҪǻ֮գͻ뷷źΪΪҴκĹʦԺֻҪκеԴԵã
κ˷ܵ˵⼸һֱڹ飬ܾõĳŵ˽ƷõƷһȨƵˣĻҲܾΪźˡ
ʱֻҪƷ˵һ仰ֱźҲû⣬¶ᷴԡ
ΪƷ̫ǿˣܵУ
ǳƷȴϵľܾˣǽš
ǳƷԾܾλȴһܾõĸԴǡǡҲǴκӵеǿ߼ϡ
ܺãƷ˵ͷ˵ŵ⡣
ˣȼǣƷ
ʦǾͰׯ԰֮ڣκȻ֪Ʒ˵˭æ˵
ߵĵطȫµĲҵȻĲôеġ
Ͼڻң֪ж˶ͽ
ƷκĵĴ֮£ׯ԰ʱѾһõϢĳ˶Ѿڵˡ
˳Ʒûʱ˶ˣʱǿνͬɳһõִӵ˾Ȼ
ھȻֿ˳ƷţǶɵøпĴʵ̫ˣ


1385 Ҫôκ췭ظ
磬û£̫ˣҾ˵϶µģЩ͢˿϶Ϲ˵æһǧ˵ޱȼʱ䷢ʵ̫̫ˡ
Ƕ˵ƷԼĴһûгƷҲûĽ졣
ȴͻȻ֪ƷѾˣܹܣҲš
ǽžǳ͢ͻȻץˣǸ޷ֱӾͱѺ̳ͻʮ˻ӣǿѾʬʱˡ
û£Ʒ˵ͷ㿴㣬Ҳˣôôë꣬ƾЩˣɱңԶأ
û¾ͺˣһԣ̫ǰץס˳Ʒ֣ޱȵοʱӳ͢Ǳ֪˳ƷѾȥϢʹ飬·ֿ˵СӲʱĳ
⼸ǳҲԲã˯Ҳ˯ãʮ˻˵ƷܻŵϢҲ֧Ųסˡ
ȻƷڸӱ̫ȷȷʵʵǽһڿƷƽɵ̲סݺᡣ
̫ˣƷ¶˼ε飬˵ǶԳи飬˵ǹһֱ̫ڿ̫ӣ̶̼ʱ䣬ͷ·ʮһвɵ֡
û¾ͺãû¾ͺã
̫˵
˵ֻҪƷû£ôҲͶνˡ
һߣźҫҲޱȵļ֮ǰȣҲԵ֪࣬һжֵõġ
֮ǰ˶ίڳƷѾˣôҲζһҪϴˡ
ǰ죬֪˶ٵ䣬˶Ϊǳһ군ˣҪʧˣڣͿԸˣͳͳˡ
ҲͬļƷΨһϣƷŻҲζǻԷ̣᳹׵׵Ϊӷ
磬㵽ôģ͢˵ǵΧ֮£æʵҲΪĵĵط
ǣɱһأƷЦһ漴ͽ˵ˣȻƷѾؾˣû˵ϸڣֻǴԵһѪΧ顣
˶ɵķ׷׵һʮ˻Ӹе㺹ëĸо
ʮ˻κĺźҫ˶ǵ۹ĸ߲㣬ڽʺ˽Ҳȱ˸࣬ȻҲ˵ѪĴ˵
ʺ֮еľ񣬽ʺųǧҲֻʮѪѣ˵ÿ˶ǰһľ
ѪųƼǵҲһԻᱻΧɱĿֲڡ
κҲҲܹѪľӡ
ҳѪ֮⣬Ȼжʮĸ֡
ݣǽκ׶СģܻᱻݣѰˣǲȥ޻أ·һô
κףΪʲô͢ƳƷˣݵΧˣ˵ʱǳƷˣǺųµһֵƻģֻҲ·һ
սܶɱһЩѪҲˡ
ȻƷûԼ˺˵Ҳֻ΢һ£ϾϵԼĶܣɽͼռ䡣
ҲڳƷܹѣȻ󲿷ֵ˲֪ѪǴΧ˸飬ڴκ֮ҲС
ڴκ֮ҲרԸֵͬĸҲܹ⡣
ƷܹѾ漣ˣ
ͬʱҲܹоеľգ
Ƕûг֣ȴΧɱķ㣬ֱǺ޳ܣ
ȴڷ߷߲ƽ˵
Ҵδ˺޳֮ˣ
̫Ҫˣ
ֱ͢Ǻ޳֮ȻǵнʺֶԸƷ
˲ɵ÷׷²۵ƽʱǾԲôģڳ͢ľηѾǵĹˣڴͷһˣǶڳ͢ľηѾʧӰ١
˵ֻˣ
һԣʮ˻κޱ飬·²۵ĲԼҵĽɽһ
û֣ô֪û֣ʵϵʱ󽫾Ҷɺͻʼҵһˣֻϧǲ֪һţĻƾͻеڶΧˣƷЦ˵
˶ɴ۾Ƕ֪ȻյزʺѪֻǵһѣ󽫾Ҷɺͻʼҵһˡ
ѪǴ󲿷˶֪ǺεȴڣǴ󽫾ҶɺͻʼҵһȻΧֱǺ޲óƷ֮ء
Χ֮гƷȻȫˣ漣
νˣȻѾˣôҾҪĴκ췭ظƷЦţ


1386 ǳƷ˹ˣ
ƷĻûһĵģ෴ģһʮ˷ܡ
ʱͶ͢ĻˣƷûս͢ǸǶڳ͢ĹΪǶǺʹκ빲ѫ
κãǾͺãκ̨ôҲһ𣬸֮ѡ
ȻڴκȴҪ֮أֻΪƷвѣѾûκθж˼
ڳƷҪκ췭ظ˵ȻֻкôΪҳʮ˻κģʱҲ˷ܵѡ
ΣǶͳƷͬһҴϣһϵơ
Ʒκ͢ԽݣǵĺôҲԽ࣡
磬ôǴֱӴϵ۶ô˷ܵ˵
ҪҪһֲ
κҲֱӿ˵֪Ҷ󽫾ִǰѹһޱҪ֣õʱ䣡
κһֱŵ۶֮еĶǵҪƷκʵΨһ취ֱɱ˵۶ɱʵۣпŤת档
Ҫǣ֪󽫾ҶɺͻʼҵһĿ£ǳƷҲǵĶ֡
ҪֵĻΨһ취ǾǴһʱǶڵʱһٹݵ۶ǳʵ
Ҳκıʿε֮󣬵õΨһƷڴκ͢İ취
һһصôȵùκȻ
ã
ƷҡҡͷҪ֣ȵǶڵʱ򣬱ǶڣҲžԵİգͶȡվУҪôѹ£
Ʒ̾ͿκƻУһٹƵ۶Ҳ¹ģκĲһûȨûƵĻӣվ֮ۡ
ǳƷȴͬλĶ壬һ̫ˣҪҪ˶η壬޻˵ĻκһƬҡ
ڴ֮ǰһҪȥһˣƷ˵
κļûа취˵ƷҲֻˣҲ֪ƷӹȻԸ۲䣬ǾԲһçײ֮ˣȻô˵ˣӦоԵİա
Ҷ磿κϾͷӦ˹
ԹԱҲˣȻֳQǾͱҲˣƷЦ˵
֮ǰ֯źµϴǶӵΪ̶̼ʱ䣬ӾѾҰ¸ҶҪնɱ
ľǶӣǰǼն֪жڳƷжôʹޡ
ǳƷĻҲôĿ
֧ĸֽ˳Ʒδλ˵˾޴Ӱ졣
֪ڶӦڳӪ֮УκĵһζǰϷ˴Ľʹĸ֣Ҫִ棡
Ʒ˵ͷԳȻֻΪ˼նң𽫳ҳնҪĻҪռ档
ԭһǳҪ֣ڳҵ̨Ҳͳһģ˭Ҫҧһڡ
ߺߣնϵ۶췭ظҵҪ˭Ҹ߸ϣ
Ʒһ漴̤һݹ⣬ųκ˵Ľפطȥ
κ̾˿Ʒ»Ƿ𣬲ҵ飬Ͼ͸ȥһжͳƷһǳƷɹˣǴκʵۣʧܣҳӡ
˥ϵһ֣֮
棬һ޴ɽ֮Уһ޴ľկڶ̶յʱ֮ڰεض
һжɭȻ򣬴дݳǿϢԶҵ̽ӿŶ½ս
ǴκǿĽһֻڵ۶֮УھȻ´ǣǽϷĸŵһ
ɢǿսկΧˮйͨѰ߱һսһͻᱻȥ
ϷԼ̽ӣҹһ֧
ȴǵķһӰ̤Ŷݹ⣬δһѸײڶ֮ƷӶ
˭ʵ
ôţ֪ǽפôײ˽פأҲˣ
Ǹôô죬ҺĶ
ǸǳƷǳƷ
˾һ˵
˵Ŀⶼ˹ȥȴ̤֮ŶݹģȴǳƷ˭ء
̽ӵ۾ֱˣֱǼ˹һ
˵ͼ˹ʲôͬأǼ˹ˣ


1387 ɱϽפ
˶ɵˣ򲻸ţǾȻĿ˳Ʒ
̲סݺݵһ۾ȷԼûпģ
ʵǲɵǲˣΪǶ֮ǰŹκ͢Ʒ췴͢
źΪЭͬң֮御ն
ȻڷϾˣʵϣѾûںˣûںҵ䣡
ϾһѾ̨˵ļ壬Ҳء
˭û뵽ͷΪҵĶĳƷǵûһˡ
ȷ˳Ʒû֮˶һʱ뵽һ⣬֮ǰ͢ĵƷѾˣôڳƷȻûζʲô
ζһκ˼Ϯ
ԳƷչֳԸ۲䣬ر֮˾ͬߣһδôͽ
ƫƫˣʵǿĿ£κ֮жǰĿֲڡ
Ʒˣ϶ưոݵģ˻һθ㲻ãҪͳ͢˺ˣ
ұųնǳƷһǲŹˣ
֮ˣضʢضԸưոݣ
˻֪ΪʲôƷˣﰡ
һ뵽ʲôһ͢˵ƷѾˣȻƷȴûôԳƷԸ϶ưոݣȻҪǰ
ڵ³±ųն׶ӾôƷĿҲһĿȻˡ
ôɣҴκ֮еľ񣬸֮еĸ֣ۼһ𣬾ǵֶ棬ֻƵ߰ɣ
ǰھկ֮У޵еģǵҪݶܣ
һǵãһβǴдĸھկ֮УȻ⼸вٳȥ̣ھկ֮Ӧûвٸİɣ
ôƷҪôֱӳ·һ
˶ΪƷѾˣȻҳ󣬾ǵ־һ棬ֻƵߡ
ȴȫΪ
ǶˣȴôΪѵˣһѹ׵ĵƣǸܹڵĿֲ
ֱ̽˵
˶ˣƷ֮ǰнļ¼֮ȣɵľկƺҲûʲôˡ
Ƕ֪κ֮ԻͻȻԳƷ֣йȻǼɵƷδķչҪǣƷֶܹΣҲǳ׵׵סǡ
սԼһʩչ̫ˡ
۷׷֮ʣȴƷѾٵ˾կϷկַʩ뱸ʮ־ˡ
˿ľկֱԹݵıݣڳƷǰȴʲôˡ
ȻկľܲҲֶֻΣͳƷʶսݱ̫Զˡ
ֵһᣡ
ľ򣬳Ʒиое㼬ֽ֣կȴʲô
ڳƷկϷĵһʱ䣬կ֮ԭͻսһչ˷ųƷȥ
־ԻҲǾΪµֶΣ
Ѱĵֻ»ᱻش
ߣ
ƷһĽֱӻһսոյƷĽűߣֱӱķˡ
޷ԳƷһǰӰ죡
Ϯ
һ˲䣬կ֮еĽһӷӦ˹ǿˣǽγɵսûа취ԷֱӺɱ
ܿ죬ǿȥ֮Уһɫ۵Ӱ߸ߵĸǡ
ˣó󣬽
ʱ֮˺
Ǽ֮󣬳Ѿ׼ˣһ̨һſȫ׼֮ϡ
׻Ǵκ֮ΪĴӦٶ̫ˡ
ಣ
ಣ
ಣ
һƿһһɳֱӺɨգųƷķ
䣡
䣡
䣡
ЩոտƷǰɣֱӱƷĻ赲ס׷׷˿µıը
Ʒüͷ΢֮ߵһ·䲢صͬȴҲж֮Щըĵˡ
Ҳʮֵǿģ
Ȼ֮һܹһУΪָ֣ҲǷչֶΡ
ֹҪڵĳƷӰ죬ǾͲ̫Զˡ


1388 
ȫ
֮Уһģһȡ
룬׷óǿ
ݣ
ݣ
ݣ

һƿ֮ЩԶӵ̽Ƿֻļʸһ㳯ųƷϯ
Ȼһɿµķ籩һȻ֮໥ƣɾ
˻ãǵˣᱻɴ⬰ɣ
̽Ӳɵ𾪵˵ЩǾ֮еľһ˲䣬Ǽ֧γ֧ʸɵĿ·籩
ͨĸˣֱӾͻᱻɴ⬣һȺͨĸҲ
Ҳֻ·޷
ǾΪµֶΣ
֮Ҳ˳飬Դײˡ
лǸоƷе㲻ˣǴκ֮еľ񣬺͵ʱ׼Ĵڿȫͬġ
ǽǾֻһֲĳ
ͬһγ˼ĻĹ񳱣Ʒ۾գգһ£Ȼ߸߾ֱۣķڶ˵ǹꪣʮ˰γһƬıǽ
͵һӻֱۣһǽϵı׷Ѹײڶ֮Ƴγɿ񳱶ļʸϯȥ
¡¡
һҵ𶯣ޱ߱ըϯһУǿڱǵߣֻܹͨ֮ɵıֱӺͼʸײһ𣬷εıը
֮еʿÿһϵĸ֣ϰͨĸ֣ÿ˶ǲƣĻһϵĿǳƷ
쾳𵤾˵̫Сˣǽž˵еһΪµġ
Ӹ߿֮Ͽȥܹ˫·ɿԴԴϵϯ໥ɡ
𾪵ĿųƷһ֮͵ֵסĽ
һ֮࿹⣬ֱǲ񼣣Ҫ֪ǿߣҲߵʱ֮޾ġ
ƷˣĹƿ񳱣ܣֱӸ档
ʲôĹ޷ԳƷвԲһڣһ޴ޱȵ֮γɵĿ񳱣Щ֮ǳ۾һ
ʲôĹ֮Уֱӱ飬޷ԳƷв
Ʒһĥһ㣬һеĹͳͳ顣
ʱһã־ᶨĽʿҲ׷׶ݣ˼Ŀ֮ϵĳƷǶ಻ĹжôĿֲ
ֶϾһ˵࿹⣬˭֪Ʒˡ
ͷȫǱ֮󣬳Ʒʵ˺ü۸ֱʮֹ
ڵĳƷһƶ̨һ޾ĵٶϲָٶȣ֮ɵıϵγɣȻȥ
Ӹ߿ϿĻƷȻռϷ磬˫ײĵطžկķѹȥ
ǺεȾ˵飡
ڳƷ˵ʲô˵ĽȻ񣬵ôȵѪʵء
Ѫϲ٣
κ˷壬ȡ㹷ˣ
Ʒ˵ɽȡ
ԶЩ̽໥һۣȻƷǳŶκ˷ġ
ֻû뵽ǣƷȻеǹƥĿֲʵ
Ǵ󽫾ҶҲƷ㾪˵ĵزɡ
ųƷͣЪϯ֮ɵı񳱣̽Ӳɵðզࡣ
Ʒѵһ㶼ôҲ
˶Ĵ
ھկڲûκλӦ·κ˷һһӦûС
췴ɱʱ֮ͻȻðһ֣һǿĵ֣ļʸ֮Уֱֳһѳһ˲ϯһֲ糯ųƷϯȥ
һʸγɵ̫ˣֱռйƵ֮һ
С
ƷҲֱ˦һͽһֲɨɷ顣
Ȼ棬Ҿ棬κ˷壬ҵҪͷڹ굽ʲôʱ򣡡
Ʒһһֳ֮ʼٵתȻۿɼٶȻһѳԼԼչЩơ
ʵǳƷչԷ۶ɵġ
ݣ
ƷϻһȻһֱ˳ȥ
ʸһ⣬˲񷣬ƾˣֱһ·˲ͽļʸѸײڶ֮ɨǸ֡
أ
ǸֱֱУһҽУ屻䱬ΪһѪ


1389 ȫû
ֻ˵ҲǿǽľѰʮˣֻҪʱ䣬Ҳᱻ¾
ԵǳƷȴһж
֮󣬳Ʒûµ˼ֱٶȳˣ
ݣ
ݣ
ݣ
һ̶ƿÿһܴһ֡
֮еĽһһıƷɱܶܲ
ֻҪˣǾ·һûʲôܡ
ƷļʸɱȵҪֲĶˡ
ԶЩ̽ӿһĻֱð亹ǿʲô
ǿ˳Ʒֱֱӵɱеͨĸ֡
оսıҲ޷赲Ʒļʸ
Ʒ͵ѪΧʱȣǿ˺üܹǿ󣬴ʱٶѪƷҲɱһ߽߳ѪҲסʵĳƷ
۴κĽʵȻǺѪԲһˡ
ܹǿһĻһ֮ס˴κ
һľ
̫ˣµĽǰ޻֮
֮ǰиǿˣҼǵõɱʱ򣬻Ƿ˲ٵɱָһоͿɱһ
ըȥҸоûбҪˣ
Ҫ췴Ҫɱӣĺͳ͢Ҫˣ
˾
Ͼһ̽Цŷǿºͳ͢˺ô͢ͻȻϮΧɱѾ˺ˣó͢ķâĻô췴ǱȻ֮·ˣ
ɲԵ޹Ҫ͢ݲ˵󽫾ҶɺͻʼҵһˣΪҪɱ
Ȼ֪ôᱻˣȻ˴ưոݡ
˶֪ƷкԻеƣǴ˵нڶûóҲζųƷδȫ
ΪµģΪδ֪ʲô¡
ʱԶԶĿȥȴԭսʼһһ˥Ʒɱеĸ֣սҲĿʼˡ
˶óƷ࣬ѾʼҪסˣ
Ҳʼҡҡ׹е޷赲Ʒ˼
ƷֺֿݣƬ̼Ĺ򣬾Ѿеĸֵɱһգ⻹꣬Ʒֿʼɱ
һٽɱ
ĸ֣һһӵĹ򣬾ͱƷ׺ɱ
ҲǴκ֮оеľֻվҲûһӡ
ҲΪˣȫûȫ˳Ʒ
ҪߣڳƷ޾Ĺ֮£ֻҲǲѵģ
ԶսЩ̽ӿһĻֱûɵˣ׷ס˺΢һ¶ңԼĺ˳Ʒע⣬Ǻɱ
ٿƷֱǼ˹һ
һ¾飬ǲû˵ǽĻôе㾪ˡ
ʱոոϵʮ˻κۼ֤һĻе𺳼ֱ޷ݵģ
ʮͷڶ
УκĽ޵еûҪңΪѶ귢չȫټһֻҪǧˣܽչɱĸɸɾ
ڴκĸ߲֮УһֱŹڽഫ˵
ҲǴκֵ͢Чֶ֮һ
ڣвƥеĽȻƷһڶ̶ʱɱ⣡
⳹׵߸ۣ
ҲˣƷжôǿܣԶԶǿ
ǰܻ־壬ֻ˷ܣΪֻгƷԽǿıԽпܳɹֻǾлˮ£
ǲǰֻһԹսڻ¶ʱ
κ˷壬㻹ôƷЦ˵ŵѾһƬ޵սû˿Ķݡ
֮Уã֮Уȸ֣Ժ˵߿ƼԸɱҲܸߡ
֮УȴǺް취
һ֣ԶһУ
Ʒ췴
ʱɽʮӰ˳Ϊ׵һӣȴǱˣǶκ˷塣
ǸʮǿӰһһ֡


1390 Ԯϵ
ʱκ˷Щɫһ࣬ǴҲû뵽ڽĲ㱣֮УǾȻΣա
Ӧκȫĵط֮һȻȫ˳Ʒϡ
ֱǹһ񼣣Ǵ󽫾ҶɣǻʼҵһҲֻѡݱܷâɡ
ǳƷĳ֣ȴȫǵ֪ǿһֿܡ
ܹչ־׵ĵز
չǽ֮еľ񶼲Ƕ֡
ǵ֮УԾ¶˼ţм־ֵ顣
ղ֮һ̲סȥȻƷһ
ֲһͨˣǿһ֣һĴڣھȻһ
֮ѹͲˣܹýƷķľȳƷò뿪
˭֪ƷûбľǽȴƷ¾
ѵһô
ǵԺ֮вðͷ
Ƕӣ֮г˳֮⣬ЩͣǼ˹һһ֪ĶҪĶˣ֪˵һսĽӦǳƷѪΧûа취ͷų˺˵ܾ֮ˣһˡ
֮󣬴󽫾ҶɺͻʼҵһȷϹˣʱûлȫˡ
ڶԳֵĸԭ򣬳Ʒˣŭֻйڳҵϡ
˭֪ƷȻֻŻˣǺӡ
ͲţҲ֪ƷôģȻܹնľ֮дġ
ֲǣƷǻˣΪ
ôܸһ
Ŷʱ䣬ƷѾӰ벽սزֱһ
ܿͻعˣЩûκ壬ݺݵĶס˳Ʒ·ܹɱһ
ڸҳôƷĿŶκ˷˵
Ʒ֪֪ʲô췴
κ˷ҧгݵ˵
һںôƷЦ˵Ȼǳ͢ҪɱңҾͽ͢ƷΣ
ôĵӣ
κ˷屩һȴûܹƷס෴ģԵмơ
أƷЦһҼǵ֮ǰûеɣȴһֱ׷ɱ
ƻ˹˵ļƻôܷŹ㣡
κ˷˵
㣬ôôǱʽ㣬˼Զ֧ҵģϣڱ𣬳׻𣬶ҵѪޣֱɱǹ˵Ŀһ
˵κ˷֮Ϊǿҵĳޡ
ĻҲҪͽʺ˵㶼
Ҳκ˷ﻰ˵˵ﻰǶ˼ԶǺѪޣǽʺĸΧٵѪΧˣΧд󽫾ҶɺͻʼҵһŴĸķߡ
ôƷӦˣǾв֮£ƷȴһδεĴֱ漣
ϧˣұ̫ģƷҡҡͷԭʹκ̫Ĺϸܵ˾ҵ˼֮󣬾뿪κ
Ȼãȴ׷
Ȼ뿪ȴ˼Ҫ鷳Ҫأ
һһòߵ˽ʱյĵز
κ˷֮ҲмֺڣѾãÿһζǹϮɱƷһˣֻѾˡ
ƫƫƷţ
Ʒ޷ƣ
ʼˣѡͳƷһ
ڸûизڵĻᣡ
ƷЦſκ˷˵Ҳܣʱɣ
κ˷¶˼־ŵɫ֪Լı㻹ǱƷˡ
ʵϣýҪסʱ򣬾ѾȵźţǽеźţֻҪڴκڣϱ۶Ǳ֪
۶Ȼʮǧȴͨ
ֻҪʱѣ
ƾƷɱҲһֱںͳƷ˵Ϊʱ䡣
Ҫʱ䣡
ȻڳƷʱڴϷһǿϢڶһɹɵսֱ
Ԯˣһǽ
ҲֻнܹôķӦٶȣڳƷɱ֮ǰ
Ҿʱ䣬ƷˣһλʼҵһԳ֣ӲģͶü
κ˷һ˵¶˷ܵ顣


1391 һɱ
ע⵽˴ǵĴ󴦴һǿϢʱ򣬲κ˷壬κ˷Щ֣Ҳ¶˷ܵ顣
ʱİ취Ȼ˴ãĵȵԮĵ
ƷͶü
Ʒ㻹ǹԹ־ܰɣΪܵõô
ˣ
Щ˷׷׽лڴ֮нžһֲϢֱȫǣֱ˳Ҳܹ֪ĵ
ֲֿϢҲоսڵģֲܹΪģ˻ʼҵһ˭ء
Ǵʱţڵһһ˵ٶȸʱ
Զʮ˻κĴʱҲ¶˼ֿϧͽ飬Ʒ̫Ѷˣʱ򣬻˵ʲôڵһˣɱҲˡ
ʱ¶棬෴ģøԶһҿ
һֵĻ군ˣ
ʼҵһʵ̫ǿˣҶģ
ΪʱôǸʼҵһ˾ܾȵǣƷЦһ¶˼ЦݡҪɱǣϵĴ޽ҲȲǣ
ȴƷһתһѳƷץһһֱָ֧κ˷һˡ
κ˷һȺ˲ɵˣû뵽ʱˣƷȻû˿ҪߵĴ㣬෴ģȻҪɱ֡
ԭ֮УƷʱӦÿʼŶԡ
Ʒ㡭κ˷˫ĿɵϴʱͻȻ뵽һԣƷ֮ûɱǣǱʱĲԻѹǣʼҵһƭ
ӵ۶֮ƭ
ԭ붼룬ܵģ
ǳƷĿҪ췴ҪĻôһопˣ
ǲֻնѣ
Ͼ֣ʵģڵ۶֮УôͲվڳƷһߣ֪۶֮зɭϣֵĵط
Ȼǣ
κ˷
ڲŷ֣̫ˣƷһеĳ͵һͷ˳ȥâӭɲǼͳļͬһСɽһѹ˹
ܣ
κ˷֪˭һʱ˶ʼɢӣǴʱҪѾˡ
¡
âɨըһССĢڶ𣬽һĢԾ˵ٶɢǿµûһС
һ˲䣬κ˷ڵЩ֣ȫɽУһûܡ
˵˺һûпӳ
˶ˣЩ˶ˣ
ٿƷʱ򣬶Ѿ֮ߵĻŵħ
˵ô
ܹﵽĵزô
ǿкüĸ֣ʣµҲǰ벽ĸ֣Ȼһɱˣ
̫ˣȻʵѹˣŸս͢ղѾֲܿˣǸʱֵֻģûþȫ
϶ȻĻֻҪιֲôʱ䣡
ڵ׵ʲôزѵѾ鵤֮ϵľô
ھ˶ݵɵ֮󣬶ʱͬը˹һʵǳƷһ̫ˣϾǻΪƷΪ׵κ˷壬κ˷ܲô̵ʱڣƷܽ˶ɱ⣬ܻѵġ
ϾʼҵһϾҪˡ
˭֪ƷٶǴһȻһκ˷ͳͳɱ

һ޴ޱȣŭӴǵķ򱬷˳
˿ȴǲ֪ʲôʱһѾϵս֮ϣĿĿųƷ
ȴǻʼҵһ˭ء
ղžԶĿ˳Ʒκ˷𣬵̫Զˣϡ
ʼҵһֱĿѣ޲ýƷʬΣ
ˣ
ƷĿŻʼҵһ
ϧˣ󽫾ҶûڣĻͿһʰˣ
Ʒ˵ԼĴ㣬ʱ̽Ӹһû
ƷȻλдκֵڶĴ󽫾Ҷɺ͵Ļʼҵһһɨ
ǺôĿôҰģ
ʱҲˣκ˷Ҫʱ䣬ƷҲǴʱ䣬κ˷аֵģ
ֵǣƷʲôֶΣȻİգܹ󽫾Ҷɺͻʼҵһһɨ
ƷȻû
ʼҵһҧгݵ˵Ʒ֮бɱ⡣


1392 𵤾
ԴӵõϢѾһʱˣһʼʵȫųƷŵϢ
Ͼʹ󽫾Ҷɿ˵Ʒ˺˱֮УȻ֪ʲôĹܹܵը
˵鵤ǳԽ鵤ĸֱ֣ɨеĻһ·һ
οƷڱըģλãʲô׼һ·һ
ȷϹģ
ڸոյõϢʱȫŶӴϢ
ҲȫӶκ˷巢źţϾѾߵȼźˣΪʼҵһ͵Գ
˭֪Ȼ￴˳Ʒ
ãããҲ㵽ôһը֮лģҲãֽɱʼҵһ˵
ĺ棬ûжԶѾǵ֮ƳųƷ߷Ӷ
νǵأοˣ񷶼ڱˡ
ľĿսҪطһ㡣
ȻǽˣʱԶսЩ̽ǣ챻һɿֲƸŵˡ
ǵصĴƣ治һֿܹ˵ġ
һɲĸо֮ǰפʱȣһϵ
ǽˣлʼҹҲģˣʮ֣˻㳲ˣ˿ڴǰеģǶʮǿĸ֣ÿһǵϵĸ֡
һΣƷ鷳ˣҲ˵Ʒĵƻûó
Ĵսʮѵһ˵
Ʒһ㻹Ϊа취ôʼҵһĿųƷ˵
ߣΪʲôҪߣƷЦһ˵һУΪ˽˵ߣǿЦΪݾܹκεô
˵ʱʱ죬ƷɲǼѾγһһһѳȻƷٶץһʸ
ݣ
һ˲仮ƳգֱӳǳĽȥ
ʼҹҲû뵽ƷͻȻѡ
ʵϣһٶ̫죬ӦĹҲס
¡
âֱӺɨ˽ľ֮УԷγɵս޷赲Ʒһֱӱƿ
¡
ըѿֱӾͽǧһը
Ȼֻǧѣȴסˡ
Ծһֻܹѡߣ棬ǳƷȴȻҺȥ֮ӲӲؼǻܹƿ󣬷·ûκӰһ

ЩĻʼҹһŭĿԲȻһֻûжǣǶ˵ȴݺǵϴһһ
˭֪ǱԼķŭƷֱӽˣƷٶ̫ˣʮ֧һ˲䣬ȫ˳һǡ
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ʼҵһͻȻʶ˲ãȻ˼Σյ顣
ǴʱѾˣֱЩʼҹȻǶǵ֣ӦٶԶˣȻڳƷǰȴʲô
ɲǼ䣬Ѿǣͷ·һ˲ƶǵǰһ㡣
أ
أ
أ
ЩʼҹֱɨУ׷ײҽһըѿһܲˡ
µĹƣڶ̶̵ʱھѾˣЩֻ̽оۻһ󣬻ûпô£ƷѾʮʼҹ¾ˡ
ЩǿĵָǳƷĶ֣Ƭ֮䣬ͱ¾ˡ
㡭㾹Ȼң
ʼҵһʱŭ˼£ûڷ
ʮʼҹֱӲˣҪ֪αĶĸ;ڹ֮һȴƷ
ʲôҵģ𼱣һ¾͵ˣ
Ʒ˻ʼҵһ鹭һ
ݣ
âɨգɲǼѾ嵽˻ʼҵһǰ
ã
ʼҵһϾ͸оһΣյĸоӽŵװֱԡ
ҧǰֱӶһʯܣһϿ̻һֹϵĻƣ·Ǵʯʱ֮еķӵʮ־˵ķ
¡
âֱɨʯܣʯֱ֮ӷ˾ҵıըȻûܹһʯ䴩ǲľҵķֱ֮ӽƵˡ
ֻоؿһѪӿҪƷѪˡ
أһ˲䣬ƷȻһӳǰָȭһȭ


1393 նʼҵһ
죡
죡
죡
Ʒһ˲ֵٶ̫ˣ
˲ƶһĳ˻ʼҵһǰ˿ֱǻһֻ
ǿȭѹ˲䱬˳һɨǻʼҵһ
ڻʼҵһǰһʯܣֱӵ˳Ʒǰ
ֵܹסƷһȭ棬ֱ𵴳һһ
أ
ǻʼҵһһƺߣ˵˳ȥȻͬߵķһ㣬ð죬סΡ
ۣ
ǻʼҵһڶƲסͷķӿѪһѪ˳
֮Ϊ飬û뵽ƷȻֲܹĹɨȭͷͬһ
Ӧ˵ƷܣͽӲҲ˿
ΪֲģΪѾﵽ鵤۷壬ΪܴﵽҲǺѰ൱ѣѾʮ־ˡ
ϾǷܹﵽĵزѾʮ־ˡ
ǳƷӵĳ̶ȣֱǹˣ
ô˵ǿزҲİɣ
ʼҵһֵ뵽ΪֵǳƷȻ
ΪƷϻûеȻѾܹʩչһЩˡ
ǲǵǲǵ
ܽΪﵽĵزƷͨȻܹӵĵز
һͻƵ˵ôָôﵽεȺ˵ĳ̶ȣ
ûʱǣɲǼ䣬ƷѾٶȷ˹
أ
ֱһȭƷû˿ԥ
䣡
һ޴ޱȵĺʯܶھҵĶʯ֮ϵĹӻƻһһĽͼֵƷȭ
ֵܹסƷȭƷȭֱըѿ
䣡
䣡
䣡
һıըƷȭɢֱըʯ֮ϡ
أһʯڵֵסˣһը˿ķѣɢ
ʼҵһֱӲҽһ˳ȥֱӷѾ浽Ľ֮С
ۣʼҵһһѪ˳ɫޱȲҰףڵ·λһȫµĹͷ֪˶ٸ
ڳƷĿ񱩹֮Уѹûлֵأֻܹϵĵֿνرʧӵ
ò׽˽֮УŸոһǽ۾֪ʲôʱƷȻѾɱ˽֮С

һʱ䶼֪ô˵ˣһ־Ի֮У˷ĴʵǿҲֵܵסоƣߵʱ
ĻľΨһѡߣתӣһ㶼ҵֵ
һٽҲܳɱ⣬ǵൽǧʱǾͲҪԸͿԶԸ˵ˡ
漴˷ܳƷʲôԭ򣬵˵Ǻ¡
ɱ
ҲԸ׷ױһµĹһĹʲôǵЩĹȫ۳һɺʱ򣬾Ǽ˿ˡ
˶û뵽ǣʱǳƷչʱ˵δȫǱͷų֮ǰĳƷľҲֻܶú˵Ըе޲ߵĻ
ôʱ䣬ʵѾȫȫԽ֮ǰĳ̶ȡ
¡¡
Щȫ䵽˳ƷϣȻȴ֣ڳƷһɫľС
ǱģǺҹ£һµƷʲرߣǱڻȪںʹеʱ˵֪Ҫǿʲôĳ̶ȡ
ҪǸҪʹõˣ
ڳƷУһצȻЩĺһˣΪ¡
ƷһΣȻѾ˻ʼҵһǰ
ţȭͷɨһ˺ҹĻһֻһ˲ѣ˲Ѿ䵽˻ʼҵһǰ
ʼҵһû뵽ذΧ֮еĳƷ£޷ֱֵӱһȭѪ磬ؿ̮ȥͷ֪˶١
ʼҵһɲǼ͸оΣգæתҪԶȥ
ǴʱƷôߣһ˲䣬Ʒһ֮΢һȶξ׷˻ʼҵһץһŽ⻯һѳնȥ
ͣ
ʼҹһҽУͱն룬


1394 κ
̫ˣ
Ʒֵٶʵ̫ˣ쵽˶ûôӦѾˡ
۾ڲʼҵһȻˣ
ڲǿǻʼҵһ˵ʼҵĵһ֣󽫾Ҷ⳯컹Ҫӵ׽ʼҡ
ǿǰĸ֣ڸִ֮Уǿʵʵ鵤۷Ĵڣ˼Զ鵤ڣҲѪ鵤۷廹һ֮ң鵤ڡ
µ֣˳ƷУȻԭںܶ˵Ԥ֮УƷߵһֻʱ⣬ֻǵԤ֮УҲʮ֮ˡ
ӦҲκ֮Ϊһ
ȻڣڳƷ֮󣬾Ѿﵽˣ
̫ǿˣʼҵһ޻֮ǱŰɱ
վǸô򵥣鵤۷֮еǿ˰ɣ˭˵Ķ֣
Ҷţ
ʶκӭһѪȷˡ
ͳƷȣʼҵһ˵ĲһôĻǴ󽫾ҶҲδܹסƷ
ԼҲǴ˵еµһƻģǳƷĶְɣ
˵սľ
Ʒĵһȫµʱ
һߣһĻʮ˻κȫͬڲޱ˷ɵģ֪Ʒô˵ĵزģֻ֪Ʒǿ󣬶˵ֻкôûл
ԴӾ˳ҵ֮ûʲôѡˣҪôڳƷİ֮µǻΪʣҪôڳ͢ƽѴ֮¡
ûбĿԣ
̫ˣµǻˣκҪסԼ壬ǻ̲סȫ
˵սѾˣǶڳеĳƷ˵սŲǸոտʼѣûнأ
ȻǳƷĶ֣Ͼκ֮Ϊһ֧ûʲôʤ㣬ҲԲˡ
ǵͷ֮УѾһ־˵
ЩˣƷҲûκεչɱ¾
ǵĹ䵽˳Ʒϣ޷ͻƺҹµķƷһϰ˱ը֮С
ڳƷ˵̸ʲô⡣
Ȼ˵Ĵγɵս㹻ֺɱԳƷֳԽѰ鵤۷ĴڣԶԶġ
սһʱƷҲûʩչʲôУǼ򵥵Ĺͽ˵Ĵɱˡ
սĻ˶֮У
һʱ֮У̽ӶѾϢ˳ȥΧѾԽԽ̽ھۼ
ͬʱһսĽҲκ֮еĸ
ǴκϷĸǾ֣ڳֶ͢Ըҵʱ֮ѡ侮ʯҲв٣Ͼ˶ΪƷѾܻˣû˳ƷĳһҸǵĶ֡
ʱ䣬ҵĸֲҵ̲࣡
ڳƷˣҪ¶һУ
ֻҪ¶һҲˣ³ƷҪˣ
˵֮ǰǾþƷˣҲκεǣȻһսĽѾֱˣƷȷʵʵ
κĽסƷҲֻʱ⡣
ǻʼҵһĶ֣ҲǳƷĶ֣Ϊֲģ
úܶ˾İǣҺó֮ǰڱ̳ʱ򣬱˾ˣƷ˱ŭԴ󷢣
Ļһһͳͳܣ
֮ǰǻǸ־˳ҵˣֱǶ£ڲž˶£Ҳʲô̫⣡
Щնɱһ֮󣬳Ʒֱҵʮ˻κģκĴʱһ״̬֮¡
뵽Լпܳɹֱ˷ܵ԰Ρ
ʦȻ˵ãʼҵһĸ֣Ķ֣κæ˵⵹ҲȫǹάƷȷʵоôģƷŰɱ˻ʼҵһ飬ڳƷĹ۸гɱˡ
̫ǿˣĸ벻ɹҲˣ
ɱһʼҵһʲôǻɱ󽫾ҶɣĳƷȻ˵
κҲæ˼˵ͷ
ֵķзֻ³͢͸׼ˣκЩյ˵
ҪľӵЧһʼҾ͵Ϯ۶ĻҲ֮ѹصصǿߣЩ˻ԴԴϵʱ򼴱ܽǶѹˣ˵ҲҵԪƷ


1395 
õİ취һνǴˣȻһԵƽ£Ʒ˵Ҳʱվˣ
վκĵɴ۾֮־ֵ顣
һֱǳƷվǰ棬û֪ҲС
ǺģȻĻҳ֣ôܷڣƷ˵
κ룬ҲȷʵվĶҵĻº²ܷڣҲԸеķͷƷȥ
һλߵıܣ
Ȼ̸ʲô߸ΪҲóƷûʲô취
ֵȼĸ֣һ㶼ѡ£ǳƷֳǱκҶ˵ĻֻҲִκͻȻֵ
ڴκ˵ƷδпܳΪǵսǸĿȴǳΪǵİʯ
ϾƷʵǿ޷ԼôκĴڣڳƷһ֮䡣
ʵ̫ӵģ
Ϊ˱ĳ֣ѡٵƷ
Ȼǵжʧ󣬳ƷĻҪѲԲŻʮ˻κĻᡣ
ƷҲûҪȡκģΪһ־ڴˣһƳκҵĳԱսĻ֮ҲȽױܡ
෴ģһҵλô֮κҪӭ˷ĸˡ
ӦзչɣһΣǾеģǵطģȫɣƷ˵ҪһʵۣȻҪԼĵһֱɲУ
ãκĵ˵ͷ˵˵Ͼ̤Ŷݹ뿪ˣʼԼĲ
һսĺ䶯ȴոտʼڴκ֮зˡ
ڴκϷϢ񣬴κ͢ѹ˷ɨ޵УǳƷֳʵȴҲޱȵľ
ֻǳƷһսնɱ˻ʼҵһ飬Ѿ˵۾
ǰǰĽ˳ƷټϻʼҵһͶʮͳͳ˳Ʒϡ
ڴκ͢˵Ȼ̸˽ǣҲ˲ˡ
ǽǴκ֮о֮еľÿһκףһ࣬ڽ˵˽ˡ
κҲڹ
ΪƷþգҵ˾֮뿪ʱ˶û뵽ǣʮ˻κͻȻվ˳ţʮŴκ۶
һʱ䣬Ȼ󲨣
ʮ˻ԴκʵܵɱβкΪչ˺ҵж
ʮ˻վ˳Ļߵ̨ǰ֮ǰ˭ȵĳˣѾһĿȻˣĻ֮ȴǱˣʮ˻ӡ
Ŀں֮ʮ˻κĺܿͻӾ˴ڵϷĳǳء
ǼҵֿΪƷǳԴǣǸ֪Ʒʵ
гƷζֿܹ˵ģҪؾɱ¾ʲô¡
˴֮󣬱ֱԴΪأĴ˴κϷʮǳأһʱ䣬ƴǡ
κս֮УⲻǶ̶̰£һоͶˣ
κ͢ȻҲһ㷴ӦûУκʵʮ˻κ췴ʱŭ޳У˸гҽʮ˻ӵĸ
ͬʱֻǶ̶̰µʱ䣬ѾӸؾۼ˰
ʮΪףڴ󽫾ҶɵĴ֮£ϷƺƵϯ
ʮ˻κһ̶̰ڣҲֱ˴ʮԭеʮĻϣ䵽ʮˡ
˫ϰ˵ĴսۿžҪһ
һսҲκˣ˭
ڴκƽѴҹµʱڴУƷκԶ
ʦڳ͢ƽѴ£ǵĽų죬ͻᵽˣ
κĿųƷ˵ҲǴ̽Ǳߵõ鱨ڶ书ѰˣԴκĴҹ̣ôϢǧһ·¡
ţ
Ʒ˵ͷ鲻ÿɷƺϢһ
κĿЦſųƷ̶̰µʱ䣬ϯκϷʮ֮УһӵĻӣһӳΪ˴κϷס
˵һᵽ˼ʮ궼ûо
֮ҲǸָ鷳ʮ٣ʮǳصĹ˲׽
֮ǰǱڼ佨İףʱ򣬸ãάֻת


1396 һսǬ
ʱףҪһӴĵ۹жô鷳֮ǰ׼ڿֱǸЦ
֮ǰдЩˣǼĻźͰͶˣܹһǾѾˡ
ǼʮǳҲֻǱͶˣפԭһˣǻͶ˵Ҫ࣬˵ǱƷŵͶġ
͢ƽѴԶĺܣǳƷȴߣҲûгǳͼзǱƷһնɱǧؾ֮̾ŵͶˡ
ĳǳҲѧ
ЩҲǱͶﻹ֪Ǹ˶Ϣͨ
Լ֪û취ûôȥܡ
ǳصĹߣҲԭЩ壡
Ψһջ񣬾ǳ˰ͼһȦ֮⣬ܹڸ֮ļ
һҪʮǾˣ
Щֻ鷳һСֶѣʮں֮ڣ¶˵ˣ˳̶˵
һǰĲԣֻܱ̾һ㿴
ָ־սŻ˶Ż
͢İǿǻʵľʮǾ֮еľ
ߣĻ׵ʮˣҲǶߵӣȻҲô׵ı
Ϊǰλ˭ֱ췴ûгƷսѹţƵܻ䣡
֮ܶһ㣬Ψһܹ˵ϿģҲǴˣ˳ҫôһĵͷ߳棬ټϳڴеϵܿͽƿС
ǰΥ
ȻԭΪƷڴУЩеѫҲΣ˵Թϡ
κҲ֪ǻĸԸϵԭ򣬳˳Ʒ֮⣬ΪҲǴκĻӣֲ췴κľ̨ˣҲҪ̳дκѫϵ
һǹ壬ûʲô̫ʧǻһʵЧҰˣ
˵ǽͷö鷳ǣܵ˾ĵӵǣܵ뼸ʮεİɱ
ǸƺҲѾ¶˾ģɱһң
ڵһǳƷһʮ˻κġ
ɱƷҲˣܵ˾ҲҲѡ
ΪزѰİɱɱ֣Ʒ
ֻҪ֣ͻ̱Ʒ֣
ԳƷһֱûʲô飬ɾ鷳ˣɴֱӰᵽźгƷ򣬾û˸ҷˣ
ʦھѾкܶ˺ͱ߰ͨˣȵƽѴˣҹƲô򣬾Ѿһˣ
κĿЦ˵
֪ʱѾǼˣ
Ʒɷµĵ˵ͷ
ЩʵҲκ˵ȻҲ֪Щˣֹں֮ڣĻ־֮Ͳ֪ж١
ֱӿϾȫ߱ľ棡
ֻҪ΢ʮѾͶ˵ĳǳأϾͻᷴˮ
ԳƷҲùܣҲκȥʲôãЩȥ˿ƲʱϾͻᱻɱ˼졣
֮κĹռϷʮǳأΪ±ѣҲҪģܹ͢㹻ӣһĽǰ
ӶһսǬ
õģЩں֮ڣֻ͢ĿĹ߶ѣȻƾǼˣ͢ôǰΧˣսҪʲôʱ򣿡Ʒվ˵
սûʲôȤȻ췴ĽǶ˵սǷչûᡣ
ңĽʺ֪ģʵͱȴκҪǿϵʱˣǷˣôǧ£˭ֵƷ˵
κ뵽Ľɵû亹ʺǧ㲻˵ȫ£򣬶ڴκ˵֮֡
һսǬǶԴκ˺Сİ취Ʒڴκд˿ˣҲԸκһҲԸ˷Ѹʱ䡣
ͬʱҲ뿪ȥ˼ꡣ
ˣҾ³͢ƻģκĿ˳ƷƺҪƷķӦһ
Ʒ鲻䣬ֻ˵ƻΣأֻҪǳԽ鵤ҾаջҶҶ£
˳Ʒô˵κĶʱ΢΢һ
ѣȻˣΪʲôһأ
أƷͻȻ˵


1397 ¾ɱ
Ʒ䣬κĻûиʲô¡
أȴֻо֮У͵һӣһɿֲѹŸŷ
һ˵Ľâƾճ֣ɲǼ䣬ѾųƷնȥ
һֵֿ꣡
ٶȿ쵽˼£ͬʱڽâ֮л̺ڵĹâ

һն˳ƷϣһɲǼ䣬ƷϣһһĽâҲ赲סˡ
ţһξͳ˵ǰһеĵĺˡ
ղžڿ֮У
뵽ʮ˻κĶʱ亹ûвԷĴڣһΪȻҲ㲻ǾҲͨصΪ
ȴһ㶼
ԷոձĿֲѹһϢĸо
ǵ֣
һɱ֣
뵽ɵЩͷƤ飬Ҫֵ֪ɱֱѰĵֻҪӿֲĶˣ
ֵɱ֣һ˲֣ѰĵֱĻѡ
ֶɱֺ٣ÿһԺյĴڣ
һ㣬ڴκûɱ֯ģΪڴκȥ֮Уκʵ۱۹ڵɱ֯ɱ顣
ǸʱȻ󲨣֯Ҳ⵽˷ĽɱȻΪ˽ɱɱ֯κҲ˲ʹĴֳۣ͢س˲ء
֮ڴκڣͲеɱ֣
˾֪飬֮ҲûеɱͻƣǶܿ챻κ͢ҵɱҪôκĹΧ
ǴκĻӣ֪ԶһҪĶˣ
˲뵽һµĿԣںԣʱִɱƷģҲֻдκ͢ˡ
Ǵκ͢ĵɱ֣
ԭκ͢ڳƷûжڱһ
ȻѰĵָǳƷĶ֣㱻ɹˣҲ·һܵסƷһУֻͨɱ֣пܴɱƷ
ǺȻ̫С˳ƷδͱƷˣ
ɲǼ䣬ǸɱֿʼȥһԶǧɱֵıɫ
ȻʱҪߣѾˣ
Ʒһֱֻץ˳ȥ۳һֻɵĴ֡
Ǹɱֵٶȿ죬Ĳ˼鼸ɲǼ䣬Ѿӳϰס
ȻٶȻ죬ȴûа취Ʒٶȣֱӱһֻסˡ
ߣƷЦһЩɱȷʵʮԱ˲ѰֿҪǳʱ򣬲пܷǡ
ǳƷȴͬǻʼս壬һֶԶѰ
壬֮ĲٿظǴﵽ˵Ƿ켫ĵزΧһųֻҪ˿ͻϱ
ΪͨӾֶ֪ģͨų֪ġ
ǸɱֲϵҪӳƷ
ߣ
ƷһȻ͵һһɱ˲ͱ󱬡
Ʒȥѯʵ˭ӶΪѾˣ϶Ǵκ͢µ֣֮⣬Ҳ޿ˣ
ƷҲںȻһ·ôһоͶǳģ
κһɱָѹʵ̫ˣڳƷ˵ɱֻһǶκ˵ּĸȴʵ̫ˡ
΢عȴƷ͵һһ֣һֻ֮ܽס
ӦʲôȴǿĽâֱնͽɱ
أ
һ޴ޱȵĺκҲƷֱץߡ
ʱҲžδķӦֻǳƷҲЩɱֵĿ֮һ
Ȼڴκ͢˵ĿɶҪ˳ƷΪѱ䣬ܹƺƵж
ӳƷͷųһĵʱ֮УڽӽӰ̾͸ǵǰ
ӰȻȫǵ֣
κĿĻڲٶȷˣڴκ֮иɱ֯
дκеɱͻƵ˵Ҳôĵ֡
ǼӰһɲǼ䣬Ѿ˾γһС͵ս󣬶ԳƷչˣͻϮ
أ
ƷҲϻһֻɫĳȻסеĹ
ȻȴƷһ˲һֻɨһ֮һֻ͵һĵһ֮ϡ
أ
һ޴ĺǸɱֵ顣


1398 ¾սʼ
һкһ֮󣬳Ʒμһ˲ٶ˷Ӧһ䣬Ѿ嵽һ˵ǰ
Ǹ˸ӦֱӾͱƷһȭᴩ
һȭᴩһɱ֮󣬳Ʒ۳һǿޱȵĽ⣬ն˳ȥ
ɱָʲô֪ͱն룬һʵδѾձƷնɱ
һ˵ʵ򲻹ֻǶ̶ʱѣ
ʣµǸ˼̾͸֪˼ΪΣյĸоɵˣûôµˡ
Ϊɱ֣һɱ֮֯У漶Ĵڣʲôǿûм
ֶ֪ɱ˶ٸˣǿҲйܹǶ޷Ŀֲڡ
ȴûһܹͳƷȣƷնɱǼֱǳԷˮһļ򵥣
һͬǰ˶ѾˣʣµѾƷɱ˵⻹ͻƵ˵֮һеӵ
ָоתߣ
ڲҪߣƷЦһ鹭֮ĳֱӺ˳գһɱֶ˵ϡ
һз̫죬κ˵ɲǼͶѾˣһ̫ۻңڸ֪ΣգҸո˷ӦƷѾ⼸ɱɱˡ
ĿųƷֱڿһһɱֵĿֲ̫ˣκΪ˽Щɱֲ֪˶ٴۣЩɱֶһɽԽҹͣĽ뾡취Žնɱ
֮У˼ΪʹĴۣ
ܹǳƷ㣬вһľնɱЩµĸ֣
ʶһ㣬ƷѾڵЩڵĲ棬Ȼܻûп뵤սȴѾһ˳ѡ
̫ǿˣû뵽ʦôǿ󣡡ð죬κĲ˵仰
ƷҲЩɱֵʬץɽͼĿռ֮Уǵʬ廹Խһá
̫ˣƷ˵
κĿųƷӣвɵøпװƵȷ򿪷ʽ
֪ڳƷ˵Щɱȷʵ̫ˣ˼ԶҪǿ
ΪЩɱֵı¶ڰɱϣ˷֣ôǵսϾǵ׵һ
ڱƷ֮󣬳ƷҪɱǣûʲôѶȣɱһЩͨҲѲ˶١
κ˵ֱ̫ˣ
κҲ֪ڳƷ˵㲻װƣΪʵ
γ͢Ѫˣ
κ̾һ˵
ҪһͨɱֵĻѾѾˣοǵ֡
ΪҪ붯ֵİɱ϶Ҳǵָ֣ĸǺöԸģΪˣǵļ۸ҲߵѰĵز
οһֻ¹ⶼҪͿˣ
뵽ʮֵۣЩѾĲƸˣ
ǻ֮ĲƸھȻȥˣ뵽ܣ
ûʲôãǻΪѰĵԲŻˣЩĵСϷƷ˵
˵Ѱĵɱˣǻʼҵһ鵤۷ֶĶ֣Ϊʾ޽С
ʲʱ֮УҲǿһʣοִˣ
֮Ͼܹɨ
ЩԻʼҵһߴ󽫾ҶɵǿǾǴشˡ
԰ɱ󽫾ҶɣǶڳƷ˵ûвƾ豾ǿķҲԵֵסİɱˡ
ǰ˵ܾСϷˣκЩĽĿųƷĳ̶ֳ˵ĽƷ֣Լǿ󣬲ǿ
ܿΪ֪·ͳƷͬǻ֮·
ȻóˣĴսϾҪʼˣȥ׼һ£֮սϾͿʼˣһսǬ
Ʒ˵
ã
κȥ׼ˣһαɱҲ˼ȸУһҪǳƷĻڽˡ
һֵıжôҪɴ˿ɼһߣ
κһȥʮ˵Ĵڼᣬпʼתʮ˹ǳԷһ⡣
˫սپϵôʱ䣡
ʱգۼţƺƵϰǵصĸϵ˴ǣĶ飬ĴΧס
Ȼ󣬵ϰҲԽΧһˮйͨ
κʮҲǰ´಻һߣǬһսڿʼ


1399 ǰ
ϰƶʲôĳ˵޾ͬǵѹ˹
κĵʮٵľӣԭʮ򲿶ӣҲǶ߲ӣ̸ϾӶѡ
ڿϰǵضϾŵˣ
޷ϰǰ̧ͷ
ں֮ڣӵ
ǵĩ꣬ĻЩʵںܹ֮Ტ۵ġ
ڶǰ棬κĵɫҲǼΪѿҲϰѹš
һɽѹһ
һװĸܹƵϾģҲǧ˶ѣ֪֮ǰжôʧˣûгƷû췴ɹĿԡ
һطӶܽں֮ѹ
ЩĸҲͬɫ࣬ûһӰģгƷǰ棬ֻ֧̾Ҫˡ
ڲԶǳƷ󣬾װĳҫͳţųҵľĸҲǶһֱյĲӡ
Ҳֻǧ˵ĹģκǱ߼Ҳһ˶ѣϰûпɱԡ
ô죬Ƕˣֻزס
ҫųƷ˵
ʱǵĴȨ֮ϣһθо˶Ȩƴĸо֮ǰȻҲѫ󣬵ǲвѫǶƿزˡ
ȨǶҩһһƿˣûҪҲˣ
еϣ˳ƷϣʱҲֻųƷˣ
ʲôǣЩں֮سǶزסڳһܣ鷳ȻҪһǣǾǺˣ
Ʒ˵
֮ǰǽ˶תôھҪһսǵƣƷ˵
ѹҲûͳ͢ƽѴһսۣЩں֮ڸûʤ㡣
ǰʮĵط޾಻ľ֮Уһ׵ӰͬǺڰ֮еһյһ㣬ڳƷ֮Уζβˣ
Ҳֻǹעһˣ
ҫǰĴ˫΢΢ȫˣһսǳҵĴʤǳҾͻһԾΪκѫ󣬶һʧܣ³
ѣѣѣ
һĽŲϰʼˣʱƣԽԽ죬ֱӿʼ˳档
ϰγɵĿֲǵأ˷ѹ˹
κĴ֮У˶·ͷһ̩ɽһ㣬ѹǴ
ʱأȴƷһԾһһ㣬շ
˺һ֮һĿֱƿϰγɵľ
УǾγɵҲǷֺܶ༶ģѪִϰγɵĿƣҲֻתͷܡ
ֻѰǾҲ¡
Ʒ̤ξͺ˸һ˲Ѿ롣
Ȼٶȼ˸֮䣬Ѿ˳͢ƽѴ֮д󽫾Ҷɵڵķ
ƷȻôĵӣ
󽫾ҶһҲŷͬһɽһ
ûнնɱڽնɱҲü
˵ĺ񵱳㲻ɱһ㵱ҲûܹκεôƷЦһûн󽫾ҶɵûʵĻϡ
󽫾ҶɺͻʼҵһȷʵҪɱģȴûǸᡣ
˵ΪԼѾˣʵȴͨɽͼĿռӹһ١
Ļôܲ֡
󽫾Ҷжһ˳ǹһɽһ㣬˲䳯ǻƳһϯĳƷȥ
ƷҪֺγˡ
һ֧Ѿʮ˻κΪףʵϵľ֧ǳƷһƷսܣֻ¶˿֧ļ֧ͻ
һȺں֮ڶѣʱɱǱƽֻһ仰ѡ
䣡
ǹͬһֱӳųƷĶͷȥ
ȴƷһ֣γһɿµĿ񳱣˲͵סһ˳ǹ
µ͸ƷǹԼϡ
⣡
ˣǿƵòжȥƷ
֮вɵ־飬ֻֽǴҲƷôµ
ȫ֣ȻܱƷˡ


1400 ݰΧ
ԾеսزһһʽƴѹǿС
ĻʼҵһҲѡӲ
ڳƷȴֱͬӺӲƫƫӲӲ·磬µġ
ʱףΪʲôʼҵһȻڳƷϣ
ͻʼҵһѣ˫꣬Ȼ׶ԷĿ£ʼҵһ֣ҪСԲܴ⣬пսܡ
Ȼֵϣǵڶʼҵһǵʵ˫ʵûôĲࡣ
϶ͬһˮƽϵģȻʼҵһȴƷŰɱ
һսĽǲԺͳƷ֣޷Ʒʵ
룬ƷһѾˣȭѹֱѹһȭᴩպɨݺݵĺ˴󽫾Ҷɡ
ս֮УĹֱɨļʸγһɿֱӳ˹ȥ
ڳƷһɫĳ쳤Х̾ڳƷЩ䵽һɫϣƹƹҵȴƿֺ
һߣ󽫾ҶɻһƷϵľɢڶ𣬻һͷ׶ǹͬͻצһɨ
𣡡
ǹƿգͻ
Ʒȭ쵽˼£ֱӻһֻɫĽչϰףݺս޵С
ԶԶģҫ˿һĻȫսеı˶ףһսĽڳƷˡ
ʮ˻κԶԶȥ˫ͺһ˽񣬶һ˵׶
ͷմսһ𣬿Ϊˣ
˶֪˫־Ի
󽫾İԻǹȻ£Ѱĵֻͱˣ
µǳƷʲôȭȻ·磡
һ˵־ԽǿµģҲζʵǿƷǵ󰡣Ȼֱɱ֮Уѵô
Զ֮⣬̽ӼԶս֪ԭǿûʤκһΪ˳Ʒļ룬˼ʤ㡣
Ҳ֮еӰ죬֪Ѿﵽˣ˸ûзһ㣬˵ҲԸϡ
ΪˣŻ̽Ӿۼս棬Ҫһʱ֪˫ʤΪκûʤ㣬ҲͲǰսˡ
ڿһž𾪣Ѫڣ
󽫾ҶɵʵȻ˵µڶ֣ǳƷҲǵӹֱӵǹƥֱɱ֮УȻҪһ
֪ģǳҲͳƷǸˣԼκһˣ·һ
Ϊ˫սҪȥʱͻ䣬һֱֻӻƳգ䵽һֻ׶ϡ
־ĵ׶ˣ䡱һ׶Ȼ˷ĩ
־ɵĵ׶ɢ֮󣬾¶еĴ󽫾Ҷɵıò
ʱЩǱۼ׶м˫΢΢ȻҲ츳ܹھˮƽƣΪִ¾ӵĴ󽫾
Ȼνǿǿ֣˳Ʒôһ̥
һĽ֮£Ȼȫ·磬Ʒǿǿ˲˼飬Ǽ᲻ɴݣͽƷǹսͣ˿·硣
ǽ˫ֻѿ
ԸֵָĹƷֱӱ˴󽫾Ҷɡ
ɱ㣬һսͽˣ
󽫾ҶЦһɱңƷ㻹ûзô
ƷһɨΧѾƽѴһ·ͻУû˿飬˫սನƾѾǧ˲ˡ
˫鵤۷սĸ֣κһӵѰʵ˫սͬײһ㣬սನԽĴɨ
ʱΧѾʮӰڿ
һʮӰȻȫǵ֣
ʮӰ󷨣
ųƷֱӷ˹
ʮӰǵض
Ȼʮ˴󲿷ֶ鵤ڣҲм鵤ڣ㲻̫ǿǽžһǿࡣ
ϰӵսֻܹһ㣬Ҳܹγɿµƣ
Ʒ˲ˣһ壬ͷβֻһ壬Ϊľǽսܹնɱ
󽫾Ҷ֮ǰֶֻΪ˽ƷѣûҪͳƷһս


1401 һѹս
ѹǴƷ׺ɱ
ʮ󵤾־ۼɵļӳ֮£Ѿﵽһ־׵ĵز
Ҳڴκ͢شܹ֮ճǿˣ
ʮֵʵ֣ȫѰ鵤۷壬й֮
䣡
Ĺֻû˿µĹƣһһ㣬ųƷɨ
ƷҲͬǳХһһԾϣûµģ͵һһųʮ
ɲǼ䣬µ־ͷ˳һŲֱ̤һƬ̮
µĹһ˲䱬˿
˫Ŀ¹ƣɲǼ䣬Ѿϯһ
䣡
䣡
䣡
һ޴ĺ˫ݺײһ𣬾ž޴ĵһݺݵĺһ
Զˣֻܹ˫ĺԷֿµĹͷ˳
ʮ󵤾ֲϵı󣬻һ˵ĹƣƷǿ
һߣƷӿ£ͬƯ֮ϵһ㣬ޱȵĮֻһŽһŵĲϲ̤ȥ
Ҳʲô˵ֻӲϲ̤ͬһƬƬһ㡣
ͬʱƷǻڳָĹļʸͬ籩һ㼸ضڱˡ
ǼˣƷϲϵıֵ֮סЩʸ
˶ˣκһˣ˶ɵˣ
Щ̽ҲĿתĿǰһĻֱڿһĻһ
Ǻܿͷ֣ƷֱһһŵĺȥҪ󷨶̤һ㡣
˿ʮ֮ټϰϣȻ޷κε˳Ʒ
ǺεȺ
ڰ֮еĳƷʱһ߸ϵսһ㣡
ûֵܹˣ
䣡
䣡
䣡
һ޴ĺÿһγƷ֣ܹײ˵ơ
ȻǺȻǣʮ֮Ȼڽڽڰˣһ·Ʒ
ʱһӰڶ𣬴ǵ֮ƳϸһȴǴ󽫾Ҷ˭ء
ʱ󽫾ҶϷڷڣƺȼһǹ֣绯һͷ׶ųƷ˹ȥ
ֱǿˣ
ȷʵĸӿֲˣ
Ҳս֮ϣ󽫾Ҷеսɱ֮ǣ
˶֣󽫾ҶڱǿȻս֮ϣ󽫾ҶսԼĸǿ
ҶɺʮĸֶԳƷγ˼л֮ƣһǰһ󣬶ԳƷչ˷ع
Ȼʱ򣬳ƷչֳĿ֮һֱ֮չο硣
֮ǰֱйİԵģʽͬģʽ쵽˼£˵ֳӰ
𾪵ķ֣Ʒ˵һֻ־ס˷񹥻Ĵ󽫾Ҷɣһֻ־סʮ·ĸ֡
̫ǿˣ̫ˣƷô
֪ˣΪʲôܹŰɱ˻ʼҵһˣ
Ʒһ˾Ϳסȫûһ˿һֵסӣ̫ˣ
̽ӿһĻûл
Ʒ̫ǿˣһ޵еսһҶһ壬ҪԸƷԳƷʱȴûκΰ취Ӧԡ
κĵȴʮֵ˷ܣƷԽǿǳɹĿҲԽͶ˶ԳƷΧ֮УҲûгûǻ塣
ΪǶףʤǳƷЩں֮ڡ
Щں֮ڣ㱻ˣ±¾һˣֻҪƷڣǷַӾܹһ֧ͬģĴ
Ѷȣ
ʱսƷҲ·ǽһ״̬Ȼ˫Ķ֣һס˫ǲ״̬෴ģ˵þȫ
£еǱͷ˳һһĸĵ
ʹӵʼ֪֮ȫͬȫڳƷ򣬸̣ġ
Խ̣ƷܹʵҲԽǿ
ֱӽ󽫾Ҷɴ̧ͷɬѾ㵽еһУǾ˳Ʒʵ
ΪսգǳƷޱߣڽĴս֮£ߡ
ֺųƷޱߣʵҲһģֻԶѰ˵ˡ
ԽƷ·ȻȴǱƷ˾·


1402 
ƷһʯһεΧ಻Ĺ˱ҪƷ֮⣬ֺγǱƷΧ֮ء
һҴκ֮ôܻĹ󽫾Ҷɲ˼˵ֱţȻӵ
ʱ˼ֺڣӦͬκʵ۵ĲȥҳƷ鷳ΧɱƷѹһսԡ
ӹҵĽǶôһܿƵǸó类𣬵ʵǶС˳ƷɳٶȺӵеʵ
ıʼȴûܹɱƷʼߣѾǴشˡ
µĴܻᵼ´κ
Ժ֮оȻðǰĴ治뷨
ǲܵģսϵȴòӵ뷨
ƿκеĴλȨأҲΪˣףѾǴκܹóˡ
ӦԸʺµľģȴһ˵ϡ
֪ƷжôĿ£ôѲ
ҲΪˣһǵ߱ƷͻƣôҲ޷󣬳ƷκĵıҲֱָ۶
Ǹʱ򣬵۶һƽտأҲޱأ
뵽֮вɵֺ˵ɱ⣬һƬѪ죡
УΪ˴κҲҪҲù󽫾Ҷ˵
ҪˮͿûˣ
Ʒ˵״̬ǽһ״̬ӵеĸ飬һжԾԵ֧ж

󽫾ҶɴһгǹɨǹᴩգֱӳųƷɨȥ
ٶּֿǹ׼ֺݣɲǼ䣬Ѿ˳Ʒĸǰˣ
ƷǿҲֱһɨ˳ȥ
ƷҲ䣬ֱɨ˴󽫾Ҷɵǹϡ
أ
ǹھҵĲµڷڣ˫ײΪģ˷ɢ˳ȥ
һսĿ񳱺ɨȥֱɨٸʿ
ȻѾһξˣǶ˫սನԣֻһ˲Ѿɨˡ
Ȼ˲ȥϰΧסĿľҪɱƷ˲أҲԲųƷߡ
ڵһߵģǽսһˣͶ
һ֧ĸ־ľӡ
֮ǰƷһҲ㣬սֻʣһˣȻûһߡ
⣡
󽫾Ҷˣ˺üסΡ
ն
ᣬƷһֻ֣һץץһ֮ɲǼ䣬һ֮һڳ
âշڣӭǣƬ֮䣬Ѿϰɳݺݳʮնȥ
أ
һնʮֲּסˣ֮ǰһĹǶƾǿм
Ǳǿȸ޷ͳƷᲢۣͬľɵƷϿһë˲΢ü
Ȼ˵ܾҪķѼķܹס顣
һĹ಻һһĺХһϯ˹
ڣѹյһݣ֮ǰеļ֣ʱںȻ̮ˡ
ΪΪǸȵֵסһѪֱӵײײˤ󷨡
Ȼ˵ݲˣһˣʮͼӰ½һΡ
Ʒһǰδе侲Ľ׶ΣԾһܼĹԣеսλĻᡣ
ɲǼ䣬Ѿٶһնȥ
ն
أ
һµĽâ󷨺һˣһβһֱӶʮΪ鵤ڵĸ͵һӵ˳ȥ
Щַ׷Ѫ˳ȥЩֻһ˲ѣǶûзӦôҰ˳Ʒϡ
ʱ򣬳ƷĵγնѾֱӺɨ֮ϡ
أ
һΣʣµʮ鵤ڵĸҲڵֵסˣ׷Ѫˣ޷赲
ʮҲǲƬһ㣬һƬһƬ˿
ըѣ޷άȥ
ʱ򣬳Ʒֱ۸߸߾Ľۡ
һԵĴ󽫾ҶɴʱڷӦ˹æһ
Ҫ
Ļ䣬Ʒ۵Ľâֱڰ֮лʮ⣬նʮ֡


1403 ˲أҲӲ
أ
أ
أ
â֮ϣֳʮ˵ĳ磬ֱնʮӰ˲ͽʮն
ʮ鵤ĸ󷨵ı֮ڳƷϣһ
ƷǿѾԽܹļޣ
Ҫ
սϣ󽫾ҶһŭĿŵȫ˳Ʒϣеŭȫ˳
ֱŭɶ
ͬʱҲ˼ֵĸоôܵİţôǿݣȻסƷ
һնɱʮ֣ʧ֮󣬼ֱ
½½κ֮еĸڳƷеҲһˣ뵽ҵͳױˣ
䣡
󽫾Ҷгǹһ˲ֻ̳ɲǼĹ򣬾ȻһӴ̳ʮǹӰըѿ
ĿǹâֱӴſ̮γһɿ񳱣ųƷϯ
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ǹâ˲ͽƷˣĿ¿ûһС
ɹˣ˾һĻ˫Ӫȫͬģ͢ƽѴһȻޱ˷ܵģ֮ǰƷѹǴʵ̫ˡ
ڣڳת
һ¶˾ŵ顣
Ǿܾһһķ紵ݶǾʧ롣
أǿ񱩵֮Уһֱֻץ˳֮ͬŴ󽫾κĺɨ
ã
󽫾Ҷɶʱˣоһɿֲѹϯ
󣬰ս˹һɿֲĿ񳱳
ڷطðսΪãţٶһǹ̳һֻײһ
¡
µĹ˿Ŀ罫˸˳ȥ
ƷڴӱըĿ֮п˳ûһǰı仯·ûƿ
ձһֱӼ̤
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һ֮ը˿Ļѹһ㡣

󽫾ҶɸϷ䣬ȫķȼֱһǹɨƷ̤Ĵźݺײһ
䣡
䣡
䣡
һĺһըףڰ֮ը졣
˵սֱڰ֮кУЩٹˣΪ󽫾ҶҲܻᱻǵ޲𹥻ǵڳƷ˵Щν޷˵
Ƕڴ󽫾Ҷ˵ȴǳƷֱЩҲֻܷΧ˳ƷĴ㡣
һս֮Уȫȫ˹ڣûа취֡
෴ģսನֱӾͽɨġ
ǶҲ㲻ǵٶٿҲûгƷٶȸ죡
ϰҲŵϰֻ֮ʮǾ֮еľ񣬸治ɫķսһˡ
ľȻҲΪ񣬵Ҳ治ɫ
ŵ˵Ʒʹ󽫾ҶսĴһƬ·פĵطͳսĳһ
Ǹûκΰ취ܹ⣬ܶΪΧǰңȫԼˣģܵĿռ䶼ûС
սϵļϵ
Ʒǿ˫ͬħһ㣬һȭһ̤£ֱֻһնֶζûκظʱ
ֱӽ󽫾ҶɴûƢֻǿӲ
󽫾ҶҲǵ֮ȻĹǳƷĶ֣ǽϰսܹͳƷ࿹·硣
˫սӵһ·֮ϣ󽫾ҶҲƷһ˫սɸʧƷԴ˸⡣
ΪĿ껹Ǵ󽫾Ҷɣ
ϣѾ
ųƷߵʱϰ˳棬ͬɽХһ˹
Ҿ͵ط룬סȵʦǲϣ˶·һ
κĴһ
һĴ˶սеı˶֪Ψмֵ󣬲пܻʤ
ǻʤϣȻǳƷ
ǸڰУɱԴˣ
¡
˫ͬɿֲĺХһϯһѪɫ˻һٶ˵ײֲ˼£սɱĸɷ˺
͢ƽѴ࣬ͬʱҲǸӾϯ֮ƸӾˣ֮ԵĴҧݡ
֮ǰƷնʮ󵤾ֵҲǹǣҲǿ˳ɹϣ
ֵףϣ


1404 նɱ󽫾Ҷ
ѪȲпս˲ͱˣһпս
ս֮ϣͨĸڱǧʸʱһ˲䡣
ֻеĸ֣ܹǿ
ѹҲĸ֣Ϊղ˫ĵѾƷ¾һˣս֮ϣΪǿҲͨĸ֣
ЩͨĸȻֲǱ𵤾˵վǲ̫Զˣ
ս֮ϣһ·ƴɱ־ͺʮͻϮƽѴʿиʿ˹
ʱǵһ֪սǳʲôģԼԭȫͬѪȣӵĿֲ
ֵ֣Ǿܹʤһеĳǹֱһǹͱ˺ü͢ʿͬ«һ㡣
ǳŵĻԾ֣Ҳ˳֣ͨ͢ЩͨĸҲר֮еĸ֡
ǵҲԶԶȳŵҪĶˣ
ֻǳŵȫƾһڳţ
ÿһÿһ룬·Ƕһ㣬ÿһӶоǹȥһһֻʣһоɱ¾ɱ¾ɱ¾ͣɱ¾
֮ϣƷʹ󽫾ҶɵսҲڼҽţ󽫾Ҷ⽫ƷȻó͢ƽѴܹ˳У
ƷǵҲܳɹͳͳҪ󽫾Ҷŭһ˵
ƾ㣿ƷЦһ֪ңǵľܹǵĴûԶ˴ܹ֮赽ս
Ʒ벻⣬ʱѾڸ߿֮ϣԶԶĿȥϵİֻܹһƬһƬĺڵ㣬֪жôңԶˡ
ôңԶĵطսҲѾܱˣ
Щս֮еս˵ЩģԶ˰֮󣬴󽫾Ҷܹ赽սҲٵĶˡ
һܹԴԴϽսĸ֣ƷȻ޾壬Ҳʮֵ鷳
ڴ󽫾Ҷɽߣʵ϶˵һˣ
ã
ҶͻȻһҲ뵽һ㣬æͳȥ
ڲδе̫ˣ
Ʒһȣ̫ˣһսǬ֮ޱȵĵĮͬʱлһڳâֱ˺ѿ˳գͬһһ㳯նȥ
¡
ǳնâ䵽Ҷɵϡ
ҶɴʱӦֻǿǿеֿ
أ
âֱӺҶϵһ˲䳹׵׵˿
Ȼ󲿷ֵϵˣǽʣµϻ˲䱻ش
ۣ
ҶһѪ˳ƶߵķһ㵹˳ȥ
ҶֻоĹͷˣһɿֲԼŰ
һֱնͷۻؿһôҲ²
ʱʶˣԼѾˣ
˵ʵʵˣ
ҲκνΣΪȷʵʧˣ
ǺͶȡɵıƷԾԵʵˣ
ˣֵǣƷҲûиһ׷ɱȥȴƷһ˲Ѿ嵽ĸǰˡ
ҶɣͶɣֻҪͶ뵱󽫾֮λ㻹ܹõģϾⲻǸĳֻǻʼҵڲֺ֮αΪأƷ˵ԭҪɱ󽫾ҶɵģǴʱͻȻı⡣
󽫾Ҷκ֮Ӱ޴󣬲ʵǿµڶ֣Ϊ鲼С
ܹշ󽫾ҶɵĻܹѸóȶ
ɶڴκ˵ǷǳҪģ
ǺǣҪͶƷˣҲ̫Сˣҿǵ󽫾Ͷôܣ
ʱҶһŭʱֳΪ˵ķǣ±Ҳûһ˿һҪͶ˼
Ϊƾʲôܹϴ󽫾֮λұǺӵܣǽں΢Ǳµʶ˻һһͷأһֱִ±ȨµĶ£һӶ꣡ҶЦһͶÿô
ƷҲͶҲҪһ
ҶţȫķȼѾ˥ƾȻ𽥷ǶطܹȼԼķԼķڶ̶ʱ֮ڱ
һУΪûлóû뵽óˣ
ͬ٣
Ҷţλһֻ׶ųƷ˹̩ͬɽѹ֮ơ
Ȼոշͷֲ֪ʲôʱһڳѾؿڣؿͱ˸Դ


1405 Ĵʤ
Ҷɵɴ۾ȫովۼķҲһ˲ȫɢˣܹоԼɿš
޷ţԼողҪƴһƷҲߣӰκɱ
˭ֻ֪һ˲䣬ͱƷɱ
ûпƷôֵģͱƷһͱ࣬еڷš
ǰһĻĻֻǴκ֮еһС䣬Ź˵ʣھ֮вϵȻٱʱֻǻӵĽϿأΪھеĴˡ
ڽϳɹλ֮ͳµĴ󽫾һйʵӣҲйΪһ֮£֮ϵӡ
Ѿûźˣ
£Բˣϳһˣ
ҶɵͷƮʧ
Ʒ̾һ˵õĽ־ҶܹͶѸٵȶκĳսɳҶ˵ʣõĽˡ
ƷҲ˵ʲôֱӽҶɵʬץɽͼĿռ֮УץһѪ
ʱս֮УһĴҲѾ˵ǽ뼫ΣյĽ׶Σ˵ƷǿйʿʱҲѾùˡ
ʿܵԣǻǱɱʮһȣչ˷ɱ¾Щں֮ϰһ
𽥵ģս߶ܣ
оκĸûпЩΪʱҲѾ֮Уͨ۷ĳ֮͢еĸɱо֮УȻǴǧȫսǾȻ漣ıɱо֮С
κĺҲ˴Σ֮С
ǼͱĽڽڰˣӵȥٹУˣ
ʦôӣ
κıһ˳ȥһѪ˳ֱӱͷǣǼ͢ĽûзŹᣬֱ׷ɱ
κĸоκεʤ㣬ɵ¶˲Ұ׵ɫ
ؾʱ֮ϣ֧ʸնž޴ƿ˲ͽոջ׷ɱκĵļ͢Ľ˵ϡ
⼸Ѿͨ۷ǿڣѰҪɱǶס
ȻֲĴڣһ˲ͱ˵ϣҲը˴룬ޱҡ
þˣ
κһʱϲĳ֮ϿȥȴһµӰƯڴϷֳһղǼ֧ʸġ
ʦ
κľϲĺȫڲҲܴʱطæϹ֧ԮоʿڸղŲƬ֮ͱǼ͢Ľնɱ
֪ʱƷҲζʹ󽫾ҶɵսҲֳʤ
˭ʤ˭Ѿǳˣ
뵽ֱ˷ܼĲѣ֮ǰðվ³ҿʼڵսľ֮У췴ҪôʤҪô֮أûбĿԡ
ʤĿԻСڣƷӮˣҲʤ
Ȼʤˣ
Ȼʱսڽ֮У֪͢аҲûа취Ťתˣ
֧˴ͳ˧κ֮󣬳Ʒû˿ͣսĵطȥеҲͬϵ鹭һһȥ
أ
أ
أ
ÿһգΪµģÿһһ֮ͨ͢ĸ֡
һʱ䣬һĸַ׷׶оˡ
ٺüͬʱĳţ˾֮ǰеսûԹ
ǰȻҲйսǻֻд裬ս϶һ·˳˳ˮģ̸ʲôΣ
ֵõ˳ƷİɵľͿԽͨˣ
ͳƷһ·ս֪˶ٴսͬûоս
һսֲĴս˵ѾǱ˼ˣ
Ͼƾһ֧ţ
ʵԶԶǿԼԶԶԼĳ͢ĸ֣ȴ޷⡣
һ·ѪսȴҲƵǽǣ
һսջ࣬ս֮иϸ룡
أоҪֲסʱ򣬼֧ƿն
˵޷ֵĶֱ֣ӱ˵ϡ
磿
һʱ俴֮ϣǸȴǳƷ˭ء
ʱһƷʤˣҲζǻʤˡ
ʵȫռŵ£ƷΨһϣ
ӵڸܿ죬ͷսƷʤˣҲʤ


1406 ˵ٷȫ߱
ƷʤϢܿʹսʵϣҲö˵ʲôΪƷͷ֮ϡ
ʹ󽫾Ҷ֮˭ʤ˭Ѿǳˣ
󽫾ҶɱƷˣ
̶ʱ䣬飬Ѿ˶֪ˣЩս֮ĸ̽ӣǸʲô
еİ໥ɱûչעϷսǿþ̫ˡ
Ŀ˳ƷҶɱġ
󽫾Ҷɸ޻֮֮ǰǽŰսܹǿͳƷ⣬ûս֧֮ǳƷĶ֣û¾ͱƷɱˡ
һ˲䣬ĴһʿǣƷʤˣҲζųƷڳˣ
ԵģһҲǳ͢һʿ
ŸͨĽƷɱһܹͳָӵ˶ûУһţΪս
һʵûа취ȫӳ
ʱ֮ϣƷóһС͵ĵܣһö˵׼
䣡
˵ųβٶȳϡ
¡¡¡
һµıը˲䱬ˣһ޴ޱȵĢڳ͢ĺը죬µĻһ˲ûһУķΧ֮ڣһ˲ûһС
ӿµǣıը񳱣ƷҶսನҪʮ
һ˲䳬ʮϵĳ͢ƽѴֱ߱߱ನɨûһġ
ͨĽ쾳ľ񣬻ͨĺ쾳ߣ˵ǰһ³
ֻһöѣгʮֱʧ
ΪǾ̫ˣȫ飬ú˵ִģɱӳ˰ٷ֮ٵ
ԭΪӳŻۼһȴ˻İӡ
սضھҵ𶯣ָоǵڷһ㡣
˶ɵˣһ˲䣬·綼ˡ
Щ̽Ӷȫȫɵˣ֮ǰֻŹһǴûм
ҲԸŻӺŵĴڣ
ǾѾνɱˣֱӾǵģһ˲ΪΣ
ʲôĴڣһɿµǰҲޱȵС·ǴȻŭһ㣡
⡭ʲô
ǳƷһֱصĵô֮ǰΪʲôãһֱڲã
ΪܹҶ󽫾ҪĿ֮»Ҷ󽫾춨޵ƣ
ǺĻеһжƵˣ̫ˣ
һ˲䣬Щ̽Ӿը˹һսѾȫǵ֮⣬ƣǹģǽԶԶ֮ǰϡ
ʣҲ֪һսĽѾֳˣƷǺʵʤߣЩ˸޷赲סǰĽŲ
͢ʧˣ군ˣ
͢Ҫˣ֮ǰǴңҲκĺͳƷϾȻܹʤ
һս֮󣬳͢ѾҲòܹκĵˣ
˶ʶˣκǰˡ
ͬһʱ䣬ǾѡһսĽݸ˸ԵˣΪΪ
һսĽܻδʮڴκΣûвһսҪ֪յĽΡ
ǳ͢ʤôȻǽԴϲǲʲô仯
ǳƷʮ˻κĻʤĻֻ¶Ҫ𶯣Ҫӭһȫµϴơ
ս֮е˫ķӦֱӶˣκһĴʿǣȻȫס˳͢һĽûбĽڽڰˡ
һߣ͢ƽѴķʿ־ޱȼᶨĽȻӴܵӰ
ʱ󽫾ҶѾˣǾ֮һͨĽҲƷԵɱˣЩľнҲڸոձƷնɱʮ֮С
Ѿû쵼ˣ˶ڸΪս֪ˣʿʱһǧɣ˵Ʒһź˵̫һҫ۵ĹâЩҪҲѡ
Ȼֻʮ˱˵ɱĿµӦŸոտʼ
ЩʿҲˣЩеĸ֣Ҳͬһһö˵ܹɱʮʿ
İܶ࣬Ȼʵϸֲסôը£ˡ
Ϊǰδսʽ¾ȫһӽûˡ
սʽһӻеߣǸһսⶼ


1407 κ
սķʽԽ֮ǰеŬں˵ǰû壡
ֶԺ˵һ㻹֮ûУһԵɽ֮оͿɼһߡ
ֻ˸ûмֿƼֶΣһʱ֪ҪηԽļޡ
󽫾ҶˣͶͶߣͬһ³
ڳִ͢±Ƶʱ򣬳Ʒʱĳˡ
ԭ־ᶨĳִ͢ҲڼֲסˣЩԭսĴٲָ翹ľ֮⣬˵Ƕʧȥս־
жףֳޱ𺳺׳۵ģ
ӮˣӮˣ
Ҳ֪ĸ˺һĴһ׺䶯ˣ˶ս˻ֵĺ
һսʤʵ̫ˡ
Ȼ˫ֵʱ䲻Ǻܳǳ͢ʵǿ̫ˣֻǶ̶ʱ䣬Ĵһг˳͢¡
ǺεȺ֮£˫սĲ֪
˵ʵȫռƵĳ͢ǰǳƷ͢һҪɱǸҪѶʱͿˡ
˵ƴȫΪȡһߵĿԡ
ȻҲ֪Ŀ̫С̫СˣȻССĿԣǼֵ
ڣڻʤˣ
ǵļûа׷ѣӽ쿪ʼǾͲǳ͢Ѿʵʵĳ͢
ȻԶڵ۶ȨûбƷ˶֪ǳ顣
˶黶κĵĴһʮѵģ֪ʱ͸ˣе̫ˣæʼ֯˽ܽ
ʮҪܽ˵Ͷǣ̫̫ˣ㹻æĽŲմˡ
ڸ߿֮ϣƷĵ˵ͷҲҪģ֮ѡնɱ󽫾Ҷɵȵ֣ú˵Ϊľһ̡
ɱ󽫾ҶɵˣɱЩֱ̱ͨͨǵָ
һö˵ȽЩ͢ƽѴ
Ļ֯£͢Ҫǿ̫ˣǽЩ¾룬пȽЩ͢
ԸģϾ˵ҲǴκԪȻиõİ취ǾûҪô
κĵΪܽŪͷǵʱ򣬴һսϵĻ˳͢ƽѴ飬һҹ֮ʹκ
еɵˣȻıʮ˻κôãܵ飡
˫ʵ۴ĸһ֮ϣΨһƽĴžǳƷ˵ʵˡ
ְĳ֮ϣһ鵤ĸҲı䲻˾ơ
Ȼ˶û뵽ǣƷȻŤת˾ƣڳƷնɱ˴󽫾Ҷ֮󣬾Ȼֱӱƽ˰
ǸħһٶȳΪϵĻ⣬˴֮󣬺˵ٶȷһηĽһȽ˽һŤת˫ľ档
˶ʶһҪս۵ʤʮ˻κĻ˵һӾͳ򣬳͢Ҳûܹƽˡ
κ浱Ȼֻаǳ֮⣬󲿷ֶǵطӣ࣬ȴûʲôôһʱҲ᲻ˡ
˵ԭսȨڳ͢棬ôսԵȨʮ˻κĺͳƷϣ۶һ͸˵ˮʲôʱ򣬾ʲôʱһоͿԼˡ
κ죬Ҳˣ
͢һҲĺɽΪһκķΪȽȽĳ
Ϣ֮ͨˣǺܿ˵ˣڵ۶֮У۹ʵĽȱʮŮ̫࣬Ȳ
Ҳûκôƽ͢ʧȥսţЩͨĽ󽫾ҶɵսҲó͢˶Ҳˡ
һӳʮ˻κĺͳƷķбνһս֮Ҳ˸Եĸı䡣
ҹɳ˴ǰݼκģ˶֧֣ЩȽ¶ǵģȰɣκľǻ
κĻûôɵ֪ڻǲǻʱҪǶµ۶Ϊκ˳ӡ
һҹ֮䣬˸ֵ֧κһ㹻ĹٹأԭϷǳҲ˲ʵҲΥ
ԭڹĸһҲ׷ǲӵܼԭľҲһˡ
˵ǰδеĴã


1408 
ǣźĺ԰֮У
Ʒʯ֮ϣһһ裬¶ƽ͵顣
ȫǱѾͷ˳֮ǰɱ󽫾ҶɵһսȻ޵еƣնɱҶɺʮ󵤾֣ݡ
ʵҲѾǽ߾ȫҲջ࣡
ò˶ãܹȫķ۵鵤
𵤴ǰȻھ𵤻ԶǷҪһһڳԣػҪһһĴż
ȵΪ鵤ʱ򣬺ʣսܹȫȫԽ鵤ﵽһ磡
أһ󼱴ٵĽŲһӰǰȴǱˣʮ˻κġ
ʱκϴżƣ˷֮ɫ⼸켸ҹûϢΪλҪŵʵ̫̫ˡ
ԭʮķͣߵĽʹа²Ĵ࣬ϾҲܲκδҪҸѺĵطҲ
õİ취ԼĴ֮УⱾͺѣҪԭıƣԼ˽УҪֹըӪ
֮⣬ԸЧҲҪһһĽӼһһİ
ԭǷոûԸͶ˳ս֮⣬ڹûһվ֧֡
ȻķȴͶ̫ˣֻܴһһĽӼһһһӼ
ˣҲæµ˼켸ҹʱ䣬ڴˡ
һ飬ÿһҪԴͨ߶εΪҲƣ
Ǽƣʱȴоޱȵ˷ܣûйĸо˶ҪĽ£Ȩζ
ͬΪĶҩܹ񫣡
ûлͷ֪˭춨һеˣǸ˾ǳƷ
æˣ⼸춼ûпǰݻᣬʦ£
κĹ˹֮˳Ʒǰ
ʱ䲻Ȼ˼ߵȣҲνȣǳӸλܹģġ
ԭȻһӣȴһܳ谮ĻӣӸλ߷緶
޷һûйϲأ£ƷҲ⣬ֻ΢΢һЦ˵
˵κϲɵ¶˼ЦݣȻûнЩ˵ĽϵǻƵۣΪԼ˳ҲԼԷԼΪ
Ϊ˳
֮ǰݣֱ֮
ڱ˵ǰţɲڳƷǰNɪΪ֪һжǽڳƷļ֮µġ
Ʒ˵֧ڵֱӵͻ
Ͼ˵ˣʲôƣǿųƷܹƽܹ֧֣
ʦ˵ЦˣһжǿųʦܹнģĲǣ
ʱκæ˵
ƷЦЦҲ˵κ漴˵Ѿּ뷷źΪҹһȹȵҵɣҾͲźΪʦΣ
κ˵ţСĿһ۳Ʒ֪ƷЩǲȤģӦÿóƷ⡣
ȻƷϺЦ˵ͷֱ˵Ҿʹźлˣ
ƷЩȻȤ̫֪ϢӦûοҲǳ˳֮ǰԼ֡
ĻҲźµĽκæ˵ʱҪûźæҿ¶Ҫæˣ
κ뵽ôһȫӿҲɵЩһгȫæǿ˼ʱ㶨˴š
ڳ͢ѾǻܣӦÿԽ۶˰ɣ
κ˵Էģģֻй۶֮УΪκͳһвŻ
ڽǿɣѾȲĹ۶֮иĳˡ
ʱѾᵽ˳Ʒ֮ǰΪʲô˵ʲô⣬ֻҪһʤͿԳڸˡ
֮ǰţëƷҲȥһ̴Ӯˣеⶼӭж⣬еһʤǰʲô
ȴµ۶ٵ⣬Ҳʲôˡ
ţ
Ʒ˵ͷʱǺûᣬȥĻ͢صĴὫսӳشң
Ǿ̫ˣھƻĳ֣κ¶˼ֵǵ顣
ƻĵͷǴ󽫾ҶܱȵģҶɳ֮ǰѾµĶ֣Ʒչֳ˾˵ʵҲ˿ȫС


1409 ս
ȻƷһ·κ־ȻƷһնɱĸս˵ȫ
óƷԭܵδֱھѾ޵и֡
Ǵκ֮Уֻеһƻȫͬģһ֮УƻľѾȵλеһ
ںܶ˵Ǵӳʼƻĵģһ֮ƻľѾλеһֶˣһı
УûսǶûκôΪȫʧˡ
һʼܹɱǿߴڣ˺棬һĶֶûˡ
ͳƷ߲ͬƷƻĵͷû̫ĸоκͬƻĻǴĵﺦµġ
ǵ۹ʵۣܹƲ࣬ҲһƷѡ
ƷսˣҲˣκ͢ҲκβȴͬˣƷսܣڿ߸ϵƾͻȫ߱
ûеѡֻѡųƷǱֲ̫ųƷǿвһһƻġ
ֵģҪ֣Ѿˣ
Ʒҡҡͷ˵µһ֣ƻĵȻҲעһص㣬Ҳ֪һЩƻĺ˵Ĳ֮ͬ
Ȼƻ֮ǰûг֣Ƕ벻֮Ϊû塣
ʹ󽫾ҶɣͻʼҵһͬƻһֱЩɽ֮ѹޣ޴ģĽκΪ¡
ӦòѡΪ˴κ͢ƴû壬ҲǳƷһԭ
ʱƻĳˣʻԵʱĳƷɾ޴ѹȻ޾壬һĴҪô˵ĴӮһ̼ǲܵ顣
ʵҲν֮ٳ֣ҲûãΪѾˣƷ˵ʵϣҲֿأµһˣ
ʦɱ嶯
κĲ㱻Ʒ뷨һ
Σǲϣ󶨶֮ǰƷƻķսʤǹȻãƷΪµһˣֻµ۶Ǳ߶Ҫս˰ɡ
ƷսܵĻеһжҪɢˡ
ԲԸ⿴ľ棡
İɣңʱҲȥƷЦЦ˵
ǾͺãǾͺã
κæظȻ˵ȻҾȥˣνҹζ࣬ɴȥ۶ɣ
ã
Ʒ˵ͷһսҪţҲ³ʲô⣬ڣ͢ӦѾǭ¿ˡ
ƽó͢æˣν㲡Ҫõʱ
ڶ죬ոսһ̶ȵͿʼŵ۶ķǰ
ֻǺ֮ǰʮ֮д󲿷ֶںֻ֮ŻŻ˲ͬڵϰˣҼȫǾʮ֮еľ
Ķ˵ģҲûдˣڸ̽ӵƤӵ£ˡ
ϢҲһ֮ھʹκ
˶֪ǳ飬ϾһսƷһ֮ת֮󣬳͢ƽѴҷô۶Ҳֻʱˡ
κҲʱˣ
κ͢Ѿʧȥˣ˶óʵ򱳣ƽѾʼһбˡ
Ѿʼ˳͢˱߾פڱ߾ܾڵƽѡ
һսĹҲʱ䣬˴κ۸֣ƷĴڣ޵еĴڣֱɱĸﻹܹء
ҳƷк˵ĴɱѰܹĺأһʤ㶼ûС
طӸڳ·Ϣҹ˵طϣٳ
͢ѾױʱĴκ۶֮͵ˡ
ΪˣκҲֱͣݵ۶֮֮ͣǰԼԵΪͳͳ̡
£һʿ߰ͦ۶
ǰµʱ䣬ȷ沿ӾѾͦ˵۶Ÿ
۶֮ѾҳһƬȻ۶֮лжʮӣǺǰİȣʲô
ѫ󣬸ӵѾˣĴͨˡ
Ը볯͢УǰԵ̫Сˣ
һ֮İȫϵ˵۶սһ


1410 º
۵۶۶Χˮйͨ
ټĵ۶ǳǽѾߴʮɸߣȫκ֮ߵĳǽиָķʩκ֮Ϊ̵ıݡ
ټĵ۶֮ȴһԵ⣬۶֮оȻû㹻ؾ
֮ǰĵ۶ؾ󲿷ֶѾǰϷƽѣƽȻΪĴ˵۶֮С
Ȿʮ̵ַ飡
أڴ֮ʣһӰԶӶֱɵоϷ
ʱսϷ㾲
оʮȻһס
ս֮ϣ˵ĿͳͳȴһԼĪʮµӣеģݷ񿡣Լܹ֮ʱķɡ
µһ֣ƻģ
ϳ˵ݣɵ˶һ
һ˵ͷѹһʯѵҪƽô
˶˵ʱֹܹĻôһƻˡ
µһ֣ܹܳƷôһ֧˲
Ϊ֧ӵľ겻κĵϣڳƷϣ
Ʒһսܣ֧ӵľ궼ű
ԭһֱ˵۶֮ǰûΪҲˣƻӦòڲ飬ϾʤΣٵλûа취һŶԡ
Ȼڣǲŷ֣Լȫ´ˣ˵ţĿ顣
ƻĳ֣һӳĬˣ֮෴ǳǽϵ۶ӻ
ϣ
ĸǳƷ˵
ƻĻ˵Ŀֱɨо
˵Ŀ֮УƷһһ֮С
۹֮໥ţ
һµһϰĶ֣һһ֮½췭ظĿֲڡ
һڴκ֮еѰĿֲڡ
ƻģˣƷ˵Ȼ˹֡
ȻʹһѱƻĻ˵
Ƕ²ˣֵ𾴣Ȼ𾴣Ʒ˵
е˼ҽܹµõôƻ΢΢һ˵
ҲֹôƷ˵
ƻҡҡͷȷʵǽӵ˻ʵ۵Ҷڻʼڲ飬ȤȫѹޣпչЩ
Ʒ漴ʵΪʲôҪ
ҶԻʼڲ鲻ȤֻҪǰҶ棬ҶеȤ㹻ǿ㹻ҵĶ֣ƻĵʵϣҲ̫̫ûг㹻ҶֵĴˣ
ôҽ֣Ʒܹоƻϵս⡣
ϵսⲻͬϵսܴ⣬ǴҪһս˵ҲãҲãνֻҪһǿ߾Ϳˡ
һսʿ
˳Ʒ֮ǰźйصķ̩Ҳˡ
㽻֣ǲڵ㣬ڲҵĶ֣
ƻҡҡͷ˵
ں㽻֣Ǻɱûʲôֱ£ҸµʱͻƣºٺһսǸʱӦÿɿһս
˶ʱȻ˶û뵽ƻĴȻΪ赲ǰֻΪƷһսѡ
˾ѹҲ޷⣬ҲиһˣǴ֮ģҲǺܶʧȥĴ֮ġ
ֻǴһǿֵ߽ģ
ƻĵĻκĵĸ߲һƻڻǳˣǺڲΪն־档
ºжˣʱˡ
ǽ֮ϣһ۵߳ɵˣû뵽Լۣ飬ڽƻ붯ˣȴôһ
Ǵκʵۣ
Ȼʱᵽˣʲô޳
Ϊľ£ΪһУֵǰȴʲôѹ飡
ΪԼһУԳƷҲãƻҲãֳ֮ĴڣȨƸûκô
ϣʵǾһеĸ
Ʒûйô룬ǿƻģЦЦ˵ºҲͻأ

ƻĻ˵
֮ڣûа취ͻƵĻҵ
ֻоһܹоƻû˵ѣܾȻľƻĵﻰ
ãºڣɢ


1411 ۶Ͷȫʤ
Ʒԥֱ˵
ƻµս飬ûκҪ˼ֱͬ˵
ƻȱһɿһսĶֺ֣γǣ
սѾ鵤۷壬κ֮Ѿѷ֣֮ǰҶҲãǻʼҵһҲãĶ֡
ƻĵĳ֣˵ҲһܿɹĶ֣
ΪƻͷųƣѾ²ˣƻѾԽ鵤֮ϵĸ֣Ѿȴﵽ˽ᵤ
ڵ֮Уһ󾳽磬һ鵤˼壬ȫķ۵һڵ֮лһ鵤
ֻǽ𵤵һӰѣֻǵһ֮ǽᵤ֮еǿ߾ͻῪʼԽ鵤Ϊʵ磬Ҳǽᵤ
زĽѾʼʵ壬ԭֻһӰ˵ֻһϴڵĽ𵤡
սҲ̶һ츲صı仯
˵ȫȫ鵤۷֮ϵĴڣ
Ȼڽᵤ֮УƻĿܲǿģƷܹܵĳӦøոͻûжãȻˡ
鵤˵ᵤĴȻ޵еģ
Żᷢĸп޵оһּį
ͻƵ˽ᵤ֮Ǵ󽫾ҶɣǻʼҵһĶ֣˫һϡ
ͬģ˵κ͢鵤ǿ߻һ̶ȵĻôڽᵤǿ˵λѾûκˡ
κĹҶڽᵤǿ˵ûκвԣ
ᵤǿʵ鵤Ҫǿ̫࣬ҽѾγʵ壬νһ븹ӴҲ졣
ּĴڣǱʮѪΧסɱ߽߳ûµġ
ЦκʵۻҪٿĸ֣ΪԼ£ǲڸЦô
ʵϸûӵĿԣ
鵤ͽᵤȫǿ
ſȫںκʵ۵ĻҲں˴κʵۣΪν
ڳƷľͨ۷壬ս鵤۷壬һͻƵ鵤۷壬սҲһǸʱҲƻһս֮
뵽ǿкһսƷоѪҺڷڣѾܾûӵĸоˣ
ãܺã㾹ȻڣǶĿ࿴ˣ
ƻĵĸп˵
ҲΪʲôΪ˶ƻĵĵ̣˵֮ռе˺͡
ս֮нʱ˺ͣߵս֮УҲʱ˺֮ͣУƻĵĵᷢӵ
Ʒѡڣɾǽˣ
ͬʱҲǳƷ㹻ŵ֣㹻ţƷôôɣ
ΪˣƻĲŻһֹĿ࿴ĸо
ϣȷʵʵ˵󻰣ƻĵ˵
ǲʵºƷ˵
ܺãҵڣ
ƻĵ˵ͷ
ʣµԼŰɣֳһͿ̿Ϳˣ
˵ƻľֱ̤Ŷݹʧԭء
˶ɵˣӽô
ԭ˰ڴĻײһײӽˣ
һĴȻǷ׷һ۶һǴذû뵽ƻôףôӵ
Ӹղ˫ĶԻ֮вƲƷʵֻ±ڵƻĻҪһģ
ƻԸֵĻôƷֻ»սܣ
ҲͿŤתˣ
˭֪ƻΪѰһνĶ֣ȻӷŹ˳Ʒ
˵ºƷ޷ͻƶƻĵǺʲôϵºһѾ䶨ˡ
κ֮еһӦöѾˣ
Ǹ޷赲ס״̬µĳƷ
Ե۶ķǽʺ£赲һϣ˸ԳƷ͹ûһǰġ
ƻҲ̫ˣ
ôƻ̫ˣ
ˣˣ
֮෴ʿʤǰֿɵã
أκҪǿ۶֮ʣ۶֮ͻȻ˰죬˶ɵˣ۶Ͷˡ
һʼûţΪһ壡
Ǻܿ죬Ǿͷ֣Ⲣһ壬ʵʵͶˣ۶֮еؾһӽһӵ˳Ͷ
ܿ죬ǾʹͶؾǱߵõԭί
ȻǴκʵʥּҪͶؾҲûжʿȻҲ˳¿׷׳Ͷˣ̵ķӴʱҲû˿Կ˼ˡ
κĻʵ۶ͶˣǻʲôսıҪ


1412 κʵ֮Ļ
۶ʹ
ôκĻʹȻܺᣬ෴Ļİһгһ㡣
һûʵĹ֮УƷڼǴ˵еĴκʵۡ
һͷ˿ߣۣһȣλߣӸλܹơ
û뵽ǻ¼棡
ƷǰĴκʵۣ˵
ҲûǾȻ¼棡κʵۻĿ˵
ָ֮ӵ飬һʹܵ˾鱨֪֮ôһ˵Ĵڡ
Ǹʱܵ˾鱨֮УƷֻһǰ;ֶѡ
ȻǸʱ򣬳ƷѾǾž֮ˣȻʲô
˭֪ƷʵԽԽǿܿѾǿκòĿĵز
벽ֻһǿڸضв٣ȻѾܵ˾صעĿꡣ
˵ףҲֻһǵȴܹͬӰȫƵĸ֡
ȻÿһּĴڣǲòϣĴڣǴκңҪʮּɵ
ǵȵƷȷսѾǵֵʱһжѾˣ̶ʱ֮УƷѾչһȻﵽ󲻵ľ硣
ǰǰһ˶ʱ䣬ѾչҲƲסĵزˡ
ƷᣬȻ֪ˣǵʱ򣬻ǲɵøоʮֵľ
ȻƷʮ꣬һʮ˾һ㡣
µģ˼ֺ⣬̫
ôƷŴκʵۣĻҲôĲҲͿǣ޹ҵ뿪ˡ
ҡڣκʵҧ˵֮쳣ᶨδûмֺڣȴǺڶԳƷ飬ǺûԳƷ֡
ڳƷûгɳ޷ƿص֮ǰӦöֵġ
ûΪζʲôԣǵӸ޷ƿصĴڣһѡΪڵ֮еԾġ
ãܺãƷģƷῴҲνˣΪΣҲܸıڵ״
ɱ㣬ǼʱվͶˣûжɱҸһ棡Ʒ˵
˵꣬;ֱ˳ȥһԸʱ䡣
ڳƷ뿪֮󣬴κʵĶǰʮ˻κģͻȻЦãããҵ֣ӹ󣡡
ʵϣ֮ǰû뵽ȻκģϾΣĻӵУκĲڣûʲôӡˡ
ںֻǼʵλĻӡ
Ļӣһ㶼˸չˣκӵġ
ЩԵӻ϶ƽƽȵĹһûпܷ̣κȴȫȫɣȻǽ˱˵Ҳò˵֮ܳ⡣
ʣҲӣκ̾һʵЩЩ㿴صĻӣĸǻĸһһģ˿ǺΪӣʮֵ٣ʵϣĸǻսսģĸֿǲ˳ۣͽǲˣ
㲻˵Щˣ
κʵֱӿ˵𼸷Ц˵ΪǴκǷַôӮҵȻֻһǾĸһһҲܺúûȥܺùȥ˵ԺĶǣҲңٻ󣬶ֻǴ֮һˣ
κʵ۵Ļֱκ޻˵ϾܾǻҵΪ˻Ҵеİȣÿһʵ۶òܶܶĻӣյĻλֻһȻÿһõƴ

֪ΪʲôͶôΪǣʵϣǸƷİҪ۶ôףǰҲ㹻㸶ۣκʵۿκ˵
ΪҶӣȻĶӣǻλ䵽Ҳ䣡
κһȻ˵ȻˣǾ븸дλگɣ
Ǵκʵۿκģ˵ΪκʵۣѡͶչңΪһףȴҪͷһƤСӣҪگ飬ˣһӶҪڴλߵӰ֮£
˵ţκʵ͵תȫ˲׷ױըԶϾ
ã
κİãѾ赲ˡ
ֻĿŴκʵ۵ȥԼ֮仹ܿκʵ۵͡
СĳƷ


1413 »ʵǻĳ
Ҫһôκ鸴ӵĿѾʬĴκʵۡ
Ҳû뵽ĸʾȻʽǰ
ԶϾ
Ҳȵļλ
ҲںˣΪĸʸдλگ飬Ҳһλߣ޷Ǹһѡ
˵СĳƷֺγ֪
˵Լ֮ǰͳƷͬˣ˵ƷԽǿ󣬶˵ҲԽãΪɹļԽ
ȻڣҵѾɹˣɱ۶֮УҲǻƵۣͳƷ֮ìܾͻֱӸֳ
κһϣԼԴϻһ̫ϻʵĴڣȻ֮УǷǳձ
һûһǿĸ֧ţͻ׵ıƷ
ȴƷȻƷԶ˵һвȴҲһѵõĿɽ
ûгƷֵܹסĿӣ
ӳԶ˵ȷʵһҪע⣡
ҲƻĻһõѡ
ȻûҪѹƷҲܣϾƷֻҪһͷͿ
ֻƻƷ໥ǣƣʵҪ׵Ķˡ
Ҳڼз֮Ψһ취ǿжλǺ֢֮һ
ҲҪܵģԳƷ˵Ҫ벻ܳҪѼˣ˳Ʒпܣ
һ˲䣬˺ܶ࣡
ҲòϣȷʵϺ꣬νϵֻһ仰ѣԳƷļɵ
ܿ죬ĳƷͿκ˳ʵϣ淢ʲôȻ棬Ҳ
κʵ۵Ĺ΢΢ЩԾ
شκʵҲһǱɣΪƷζ
Ψһ·ܹѡģʵҲô˭ѣ
Ʒû뵽κʵ۾ȻôͶˣǾǲλگ飬ڴκӵҶ㻹˵㣡
ЩûʲôϵѿҲֻκģ
֮κֻǿһ۳ƷȻ󿪿˵گӷңңʳǣⲾȻɱʣ񼫣дųնԶһɷ߽ӣĻӣ˻ӣŻӣʮӽԲĳңһնף飬˵Ȳ⣬ӣ
Ҿ켰һȦ˸Ǳκ˲̽ӣ
Ʒ΢΢ЩĿκģǹݵģЩᵽĻӣһ⣬ȫԭλĴѡԴӺͶӵࡣ
ڶѾ˳Ʒһųնټȫնף׾ȦԶҲȦ߷䡣
һӾǽвԼλλȫնɱʣµĻ࣬ҲûʲôӰ̸ʲôв
Ͼÿ˶ܹҵƷ֧ߣ漣Ļʤ
æȥ´
κҲǳһƷ˵ֻԶǣЩ˿ɶǽǣڳŴǱңѸײڶ֮ƽһжɡ
ȵһж䶨֮󣬸ҪҲûˡ
һеĺľǿ쵶ն飡
ôѵ˵ķôƷЦЦʵ
ķ϶٣ǰˣ׼Ǳʵ˱죬˶֪ɽûģ
κĻ˵
⻹Ҫʦˣ
κ˵ŶųƷҾ
ƷһУҿɰﲻæСȻҪ˱죬ǻÿԼѡܣң޹أ
ƷƺûҪһֵ˼κ΢΢һ벻õĳƷͻȻƷȨˡ
ϾƷҪһҲѡ
Щ㴦ͿˣҪչӭº֮սдҰɣ
Ʒ˵
ãҾԤףʦ쿪ʤˣκҲֵĳƷָֻš
κĵһȥڳûüߵĴӵӾͱԴԴǰĴץ
ţһһ´۶
һųն֮ǰλĻҲץնף׾챻Ȧ
˶һѪȵ֮±˳Ĭû˸սոն˻λʮ˻ӵϡ
漴һϢκԭĴκʵڴӷ֮бɱʮ˻ڶ೼ŵӵ֮£ǻƵۣΪκλʵۡ
κʷµƪ£


1414 Ŀ
»ʵ۵ǻϻʵν֮УԴˣеͬȡĬϵ̬ȡ
ΪǱȻ飬Ͼ»ʵǻĻλ棬漰ҡ
ֻڵȻû˻νҵ飬ΪʤΪʤκģȻҲûҵ顣
ڴӷɱϻʵۣȻûŵ飬ǴʱŲŵĲҪ
հ»ʵصĸټҪ󣬶һΣӣæǰ
ҲһЩͼңȻڰ֮£ܿͻҷ
»ʵǻسκָֻƽӱġ
»κĶʱĶѾˣʣµľĥˣ
ΪʷҲûӵûһ۵Ļ췴ܹɹġ
ǴκӲĩ꣬ʢʱڣǾ͸ǰδеˡ
˶ûо飬˶ĥϣ
ڳ͢κĻΪ˸صæµʱ˶Ŀ˳Ʒϣ
׼ȷ˵ƻƷϣ
˶ڵȴƷƻ֮Ľ֣
֮Լһҹ֮䣬Ѿκ
ڴκ֮еĸףܹκδƵһս
»ʵκĶ֮ʵ֮仹кܶԸӳ»ʵ֮£Ȼȴûз
ǳƷĴڣ˵һɽǸ߲ʣ޷Ĵڡ
֮ǰƻҲ˵º֮սƷƻĵĶ֣ôͻƻĵϡ
û˳Ʒ֧֣κκλʵۣȻͬ˼ǵͻ
Ȼ֮ǰǰΪηƷĿԣ
ȻаȻ˭֪ձĲӣ̸Ĳġ
ҲΪˣһЩĴҲº󣬽һмʱ
֮һսһеĴս
һжĻָУ͢ҲڷٵתУ֮ǰ͢ԱһЩʵ۵ҷӣһЩǣ֮֮⣬󲿷ֶٸԭְ
ȻַҲûֹͣķȻҪˡ
ԭźҫͳΪΪһһһ֮ʢ֪
֮⣬ҫǱγΪ˴󽫾±±
˵ҲзͣЩȻ˶ۺ죬ȴû˸˵ʲôһǳΪ»ʵ۳Ȼӹɵġ
ҲǳƷǵĿɽƷУ㲻µһҲµڶˣȻʸǱӡ
˳֮⣬ƷҲǲıΪʦͬʱҲǻʼҵһϣʼҹȻǳƷ
ڵ۶֮Уһû½ĹʦУƷһ޴¯ǰ
ҪƵģȻҪͻƵľԪ
ڵΪ˵Ѿܹͨﵽ۷壬ȫǱͷ˳ֻһ֮ңͻƵ鵤硣
ºҪƻһսȻÿԪ
ʮʱ䣬Ʒڲ֮ͣУͬʱϵ۵𣬼ӿƵḶ́ĻƾԪҪܳʱ䡣
ʮ֮УκҲõĶҪƷʯϵǧƷʯ
ֻҪƷҪԼҪȻѾʼЩƷˣȻȴҲܹȻλľǳƷ塣
Ʒ⣬ôҲк³Ǿһϵˡ
ƷҲǺԥֱˡ
ȵҪͻƵʱҲҪͻơ
ĸ䣬бһҪķѾԴһ飬ܹġ
κʵܣƷȫҲҪġ
أ¯ðһỊ̇С
һҩ˱Ƕ
Ʒһ֣¯ĶǷƷӶ䣬ܹ¯УöԼĪĴָСĵҩ
ЩҩͨȻɫΪҩɢȥ֮󣬳ƷܹһЩ⻪̺С
Ʒʵҩе
˵ֻСˣڳŴ֮еƵĵҩеոɣ콵콵׽٣ݴţ˵еֱӻΣƷ
Ʒһ֣öҩͷɵУ˴ƿ֮УֻһöȻ븹С


1415 ͻƣ鵤
Ԫո븹Уֱͻһɢ˳Ʒ֫ٺ֮С
Ʒֱоÿһϸ֮жǿ
ƷԶԶһҪǿ̫ˣÿһϸ̺ܾ֮ͱһѰȫҪࡣ
ԱĻ»ᵱγһС͵ĺ˱ֳ
Ϊµģ
ƷܹɶٵȻԪɢ֫ٺ֮Уɢÿһϸ֮Уоȫ֮еϸҪըˡ
һԶԶܹ۵ļޣ
ҲͻƵ鵤ؾ֮·
ͨĸֽÿһϸ֮Уÿһľ֮С
ӵķм޵ģƵĴȥǳƷѰ˱ˮ׶ԳӣҲվбʱ
һ֮󣬾޷ķ
鵤辶ȫķ𵤣ڵ֮У֮ԭ
ӵĻܱԭഢʮʮͨҪഢϰٱķ
һϰٱķͷ˳ǲΪΪµģǾ춯ؼġ
ҪһҪµĻۣ£ȻԽޣطɽ𵤡
һҷŸвͬƷĵȻΪķţڳŴ֮УҲһָĴڡ
ƷתȫԼĵ֮УҪоԼĵҪԴԴϵķűˡ
ɰڴһ٣
ƷһȫɢŵĹâһһͬʱȻ֮ڸŷ
ķԴԴϵʽ뵤֮УƷһ̶ûֹͣЩ
ʱⲻϵ֮Уš
һºڹʦУӰⲽƺЩš
˿ĻȻͻ֪ǽֿȵĳҫͳӳˡ
绹ûгأ֪Ҫòܳأ
΢΢Щ˵
Ҹող˵ѾսºһսǱⲻ˵ˣ
ҫͬЩûôļֻ˵ӦûģƷֻտ˵֮ˣȻԼ֮һսǱȻͲдģ
ǸƻΪµһ֣Ȼ֮Σм꣬ʲôأŲ˵
ƻģҶ˵ʲôɲ¡
Щ飬Ҳò֣⼸¶Ѿ˴ߴ˺ܶˣһֱѯƷǷѾˣһսҲܹģ
ҫüͷ֪Ϊʲôʵۻôġ
ΪǶһϵƣƷˣڿٵĳ͢˲ͻ
ӦûģӦÿԵģ˵үְλǳæͽˣϢһһʱ֪ͨģ
ҫ룬Ǻãʱ䣬һʱ֪ͨҰɣ
ҫҲûоΪкܶࡣ
ֱ֮ӱչصĳƷ֪Ϊżʲôӡ
ȫķڷڣۣ
䣡
أƷһɿֲķֱӻһϯ˿
һ˲䣬ƷֱɽͼĿռ䣬ûһ
µķڷڣ֮ǰƷɢķ˵ǿһϡ
Ʒ۾֪Ѿͻˡ
ĵ֮۳һ鵤
֮˵鵤ΪһŽ𵤲ǸոγӰѣǳˡ
Ľ𵤻ǷǳĴģ̫Ĺͻըѿ
γһ𵤣ǾͲױҪǿʮٱ
һ븹ӴҲ죡
ˣƷҲܹо۳鵤֮ʵһϣսͻ鵤ļޡ
֮еһö𵤻ԴԴϵתУÿתһȦڵķǿһ֣ٶʮ־ˡ
ͬģУҲҪ㹻ܹ׳
֮ǰκǧƷʯȻȫ˸ɾ
һͨ۷ĸͻƵռƷʯѾˣǳƷ˳Ǽʮģֱǲ˼ġ
޷ģ鵤۷ĸҲ޷һ֮֮Уֻᱬ
ÿ˶мޣƷļ޸ܹĵģ
ڶһö֮󣬷·һһϵĹ֮УܹתһȦ
֮ܶǿǿ


1416 Ϊ似
ͻƽ鵤֮󣬺ͨʱ򣬼ֱ˷츲صı仯ͬն
һͻ޵Ĺ̡
еĻ֮һУǲϵͻԼ޵Ĺ̡
һεͻƣ˵ֱһ츲صı仯
ؼǣڻԴԴϵͻƣԴԴϵıǿС
֮еһö鵤һöһÿһΣȫѪҺѭһΡ
ڵ鵤ÿתһΣȫķһΣķһ֡
ٶʮֿ٣ʮ־˵ģ
׶ΣҲǻԶԶ֮ǰ鵤ڲϵۣתΪ𵤵Ĺ֮УҪġ
֮ǰκƷʯȫոɾˣȴ
ĵԴͨʮϰٱѹԴκĹˣƷ̾һ˵ԴκĹνǹ֮ĹңȻֻܹôĵ֣Եֵ͹˵˵ǧһҲΪˡ
ÿһֶ̽ޣҪôһȻУҪôԼһУҪһܹ֧ԼС
ĻЩˣƻۣᷭȻȷʵԴ󻧣̽ޣΣҲȻûеز
Ʒոͻƽ鵤磬ȻٶȴѰ鵤粻֪߳١
һϵģ
һµķ֮󣬳Ʒ˽κǧƷʯȫһ֮⣬ɽͼĿռ֮УҲǧƷʯ㹻֧һʱˡ
ͻ֮󣬳Ʒһûκԥֱֱٶ̷һöԪɲǼ䣬ֱӷڿɢ֫ٺ֮С
˵֮ǰľԪҩóƷЩæҵĻô˵Ǵݲˡ
еһжƿ֮УѾ˵鵤ڷתһһɵҩķɳ
˿˳Ʒֱִз»ᱻǵ֣ҲǳƷӼǲķ
ܿͻֱ屬ըҲܲסըѿ
ƫƫƷֵܹס
Ʒֱʩչɵش󷨣̺ھԪ֮еҩ
ɽ£һµʱգۼţ
ڹʦϣֽȴһº󣬳ŻûܹȵƷĳء
Ҳֻѡ˷ƷһʱҲˣȻƻĵ֮ԼҲֻһˡ
ˣһ˶ʼ׼
ڹʦ֮У׼ȷ˵Ӧɽͼ֮УƷѾͱչء
һµ֮󣬳ƷΪһǰѾ˷츲صı仯öԪ֮󣬳ƷΪ˳µľʹﵽ鵤۷塣
ͣ˸һУΪҪһҪѸʱ䡣
ûôʱˣ
֮ԼҲֻʣһˣƷѾʼת似
˲ȭ
ƷһȣһȭɲǼ䣬Ȼ˰˸࣬ǵصĳǰȥ
˸ֱڣڣޣǬţ¥ޣޣĦ٤
˸϶Ϊһо춯ص
һȭо춯صܣͬģƷҲֱӽȫķһգɫһס
˲ȭȫͷųʵ̫ˣƽʱһ˵ֻʹðȭ¥ȭ
˲ȭԲΪǿȭߺ϶Ϊһȫʩչ
ȭֿͷţĶڵĳƷ˵ȻԶԶ㲻ʲôܹ֧ŵסǰȭ϶ΪһǾһ¡
ȭһ˲ͻὫƷķĴԳƷڷĻ̶ȣͿжϳȫ汾İ˲ȭжôľˡ
ʵϣƷѾȫİ˲ȭһδεʩչİض˵ҲͲʲôˡ
ֻʹãΪһʹõĻ֮ǰͨľ磬̾ͻᾫѪɡ
Ļܻ˵Ĵ
ȴͬˣ鵤֮󣬳ƷҲ˳ʹ˲ȭ
ֻһȭʩչȻҪķҪȼһ־ѪΪۣܹʩչ
˵һʩչˣʱڣƷʧȥսͬģһеҲǼȵĿ¡
һйȥǽᵤڵĸҲ˲䱻ɱܹشᵤڵĸ֡


1417 Ȫ̤֮ڵ
ʽȻųƷΪǿѾɿʹõʽȻȻҪСĴֻۣΪѹ׵ľѧʹá
Բǰ˲ȭȫԳƷڵĹֻ˵ǿǿ˲ȭʩչˣˣ
ƷԸ⸶ۣܹٽ˲ȭϼǸʵ̫ˡ
ڳƷԸ⸶Ĵۣ㣡
ƽ˵ֻҪʹð˲ȭ֮еһɻǿУ
ù󣬳ƷŸоԼڵľѪ˻ҲڷٵĻָȻһµĸоһ˲䣬ȫķһ־Ѫɡ
ܹǿǿʩչһֵİ˲ȭǻһ鵤ĸ֣زѰᵤĸֶ˲䱻ش
Ҳʼս壬Զˣֵܹ
ϰ˲ȭ֮󣬳ƷûκͣЪֱӷ˸߿գӦ˵һһĳ֮ȥ
Ҳһնǿÿһƾǿࡣ
ڣߵ˼£Ҳʵǵ˼¡
ȴƷ͵һһż̤ȥһ似Ǽڵһ似
ɲǼ䣬ڳƷĽ£ӿ޾ĻȪˮȪˮ˿µȥ
¡
ɽͼڵĿռ䶼΢΢ĲڳƷĽ̮ˣ·ƷһţǼ򵥵һţһ
Ȫ̤Ȼ˵ã
̤һ֮󣬳Ʒһ֣¼䶼ҪԼµĴ
ָ߸Ϊƣ˶Ϊ֮
һе֣ǻȪ̤ҲڻʼսϼصĳŴ֮еһ׾˵ȷѰȷͬһȷӸ£̤
ﶼ̤ڽ£ԻȪ֮
һȷڳŴ֮һΪȪ۵ľǿߡ
ڻȪʩչĻȪ̤ϯĻȪˮ־ݻʵʵĻȪˮ
һż̤ȥ·һôĻȪˮ㸲ʲôǿУҪµļ̤֮¡
ȪˮڴУֻߵ֮еһˮ˵ֻҪմȾһͻ᳹ױʴɾǸߵߵķֽߡ
ûܹԽһֽߣ
ȻǻȪ۾Ȼܹߵ֮ȪˮΪãΪѾ˼Ϊ˼ĵز
һż̤ȥ֮󣬳Ʒûκԥٶ̧ż̤ȥ
Ȫ̤
¡
ҵĶڶż̤ҪԶԶ֮ǰǵһ̤
ʵϣȪ̤ÿһ̤ܶ˵ھ̤˼£Ϊ֮һžͿԽһ̤顣
һּǿѧ
ȻƷĿǰ϶ҲܴﵽĵزˣȪ̤ҲѾʮ־ˡ
Ȫ̤
Ʒٶһ̤Ǻ͸ղȣʱĳƷԵÿʼмֳˣǸղǰɡ
Ȼһţֱӷ·̤һ̮һ̤ǿһϡ
ƷڵķҲǱһ룬һ˲䣬ڵĽһ˲תһȦͱԴԴϵĲ˻
ҲǵֵĿ£ͨĸֺȣ˲䱬ķͬնָһˮƽϡ
֮ǰƷܹ鵤ĸֲƾǿޱȵӲѣ᲻Ĵ򷨡
Ȫ̤
Ʒһȣһٶȼ̤ȥڵķһ˲˸ɸɾԺ֮УڻȪ̤Ϣ˳һţ㹻ࡣ
һųȫķȴҲռҵ֮󣬼ֱﵽ˾׵ĵز
Ȫ̤֮£ǽᵤĸֶҪ̤ɳȥ
漴ƷͣϴŴ
ĿǰֻȪֻ̤̤ѣҲ㹻ˣƷЦһ̤Ȫ̤ļУƻġ
ԻƻģʵǿԼĻȪ̤ǰҪ
ƻ̫ˣ̫ˣԼƻµʱ䣬ҲԳƷһ츲صı仯ҲóƷǿܹΪһԺһսĸֶһա
ȴȻ벻Ʒܹµʱ֮У⼸츲һı仯
Ϊͨ۷壬һͻƵ鵤۷壬ȫİ˲ȭһֵĻȪ̤
˵Ʒս֮ǰȣʮͬն
Űɣ


1418 ֮ԼĿ
֮Ȼ
ڳƷ˵Ȼ£ÿһʱ䶼ܱץÿһÿһУ
Ȼ˵ÿһÿһ룬˵Ƕꡣ
ºµһƻģҪԼսڼѾ˵ϵµڶֳƷ
˵ǰΪԻ͵һս
ƻģǿڵκ뢣Ȼڵش߾شȴû˸СƻĵӰ
ƻشκѹ޾ޣЩΪ£µػ
Ȼƽʱôǵ飬ҲѪ޴ƹܣǸû˸СĴڡ
һֱµһ֣Ҳûܹµһλá
˿Ц˵¿ûдκʵۣҲûƻġ
ȻֻϷ԰ˣɴҲԿóƻڴκжӰ
ƷȻʱһ̣ӰͬСԳƷ֮𣬴κ֣ѾƷնɱĸ
̶ȣ˶òĿ࿴κ࣬˶û뵽ǣôһ˶õ࣬Ȼĳɹˡ
һٵ춨Ŀǰκľƣ˵һ֮κ췭ظ
ϲˣҲóϳƷµӰ
Ҫˣ
ʵϣǰƻǰս飬ƷҲӦս֮󣬿˵ϢͬХһ㣬ϯκ
˵Ŀһֱζ˵ϣ
˶֪ˣ
ƻҪԼսƷ
Ϣƻڵµһ֣վ󣬳Ʒ϶ͻΪµһ֣ھǰµһ֮Ľս
ҿҲõȵƻԳƷڵʵٶȣδֻƻĻŵʱ򣬶ǳƷĶˣֻʮڣڶʮѣ
ԺΣǹڣѾˣκû貵ս˰ɣǰֻ꣬꣬¶û쳣սܹᲢˣ
Ϣ۾ŹˣĸǴǿߵһսǸ󲻵Ĵڡ
ֻǺԵģЩҲֳˣһǿóƷ
Ҿ϶ǳƷʤƻıϾѾˣȭ׳ѪǿʢҲǳƷĶֻ֣ҪƷܹϵڣ϶ǳƷƻģ
Ʒó漣֮𣬾ûʧ˵漣Ĵʣ
Ƕµʱ䲻ʲôȻȴãºƻĲܹɱƷأ
ȻǸƻµһֱĸ֡
ѵôǰǰƷҲ׿ڳϻƻĵĶ֣µʱ䣬ǿߵ˵ǵָһӼѣŤתƣ
µʱѣƷܹʲô˵ʲôδƷܳΪµһ֣һս󣬳Ʒܻܲ˵ǵֵס»ƻĵУ
ƻĿɲʲôĴ֮еǿʤ۹˵ǿӲ֮ˣ
һսƻıʤǳƷ㲻֮ҲûУȻأµһȻҲֻʹƻһ˶ѣ
۲ݣ˫ó֤ԼǶԵģ˫ûнֹһеȻҲֻǲ²ѡ
ǺʵģһΪԻ͵һսκصĸֵע⡣
ߣȥڣⱲܹһ֣޺
ģԸĸ־Ѿˣڴκ֮Уĸ֣Ը棬йٷĸ֣оеĸ֣Ҳеĸ֣ҲΪǿɢޣһŵһҵļ
ЩƽʱÿһԺݣƽʱţڵĵطΪ֮
˶ͬʥһ㣬ڡ
һϵ֮Уڶ֮еĺӵܾĵȴš
أһӰӼӶ˶ϲĿǰߡ
ڳˣ̫ˣ
ھȻţ
ԽԽǿ˰
˵ľУһӰûˣֻĿԶڵķ
ڣôˣļʵҿɽǰκβ
µһֺµڶ֮սôܲȥմأǸӰ˵ֱ꣬ӻһ⣬ʧʡ


1419 ڣ˸п
κ޾ıﳤ֮ϣһӰͬһ㣬һǹԶɽͷͱƬ
֮˳ǹĿ⿴˴κڵأҲʱˣ
һתֱŴκӶȥ
ͬʱڴκвһɽ֮УһżӣͷϴŶҵߴ߳ɽ֮С
ϴһǿϢɽֵʱɽ֮еҲãҰҲãȫڵϣɽһûС
гڣ紵ˣ·ֻһˣƿƬһ㡣
߳ɽ֮ͻȻЦˣ˼˼¼Ȼðôһ󱲣ҲҪȥ
˵߽̤꣬һݹ⣬߾ڵķȥ

ͬʱڴκĸأһƽﶼ׳ֵĵ֣ʼ׷׳أʼڡ
ʱκҲΪǵĳض𶯣Ǻܶǵ֪֮ӦѾ˺ܾ˲Ŷԣ˭룬Ȼš
Ѱ޷ǣҲΨµһֺµڶֽ飬пܽǸ
ҵ죬ЩһһĶˣһΪǶѾˣû뵽ţ
ֻо궼ڲ
ЩϼһǶɽˣֻκľƶҪתˣ
˶ǵһ֪Щ˵Ĵڣ֣˵ǸոճʱЩֻ߾ˣ߾ͱѾˣ˭뵽Ȼܹʱ򿴵ǳɽе𺳿֪
ǺֺܶʱѾˣһɽĊ㣬ֵֻˡ
˼ԶѪˣֻ¶ŽֵС
ȻЩ˺ܶ඼һĸ֣ʵǱߣһܹ
һ죬ڵɽ£ĴӸظĸַ׷״ɽϸϣΪ˱ƻµһֵľأЩ֣ͨͨ÷ɵģֻýߣֻеֲʸܹڵϷҲֱӷɵϷһ㶼ɽĹ㳡¶ݹ⡣
ǵ֣µһֵǰҷ
ɽ£һ޴ޱȵϣϰ׸ߣȥޱȣ̻һһҲĹ֡
˵ڹϵ֮Уһ޴ޱȵ£ѹһ˶£Ҳǵѹĸ˴ĵͳ
ѡΪ֮أҲֻǹϵĴ˵û֪ǲģ¶ûʲô֪Ǽ٣Щ漰ʵ̫Զˡ
õʱһУ
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ڲµһţȻפضƷǷ˵ڴڵʱ䣬ڴκ֮ǰҲ֪Ǽ٣
˸п˵ֻǶڲϰ꣬˵ǴɵһھѾµһˡ
ֻӡǵԺ֮У
ǿͨĸνýԳһ㣬Ƭ֮䣬Ѿʧɽ֮£ŽݶϣֱӱɽĹ㳡ȥ
֮УҲ᲻ʱķӹһĶݹ⣬һǿޱȵĵ֡
ǿµһսµһֺµڶ֮սĴսҲֻеմκ̫ߵظɱǰ۶֮УɱǰʦΪκӮùؼս۵һսܹᲢ۰ɣ
˾ڴκ֮һսһս֮󣬴κ̫泹ȡ˶ǰƣһʱȡ¡
һսӰԶ㵽ڣȻ˽ֵ
ҵ죬ЩһûмƷƻ֮սֻ¶ѾЩϹɣ
еӾ˵
һԣǸͨҲͬʮ𾪵飬ΪҲ֪κ֮УȻڱƷնɱôĸ֮󣬻֮ĸ֡
ͳͳǱڰ˸֪ǻŵϢ
ʣİ벽͸˵ˣһܷ׷׸Ѿٶˣÿһܹġ
ʦƷȻɱ֮ģν죬ƻıϾµһֻ֣ƷӦòǶְɣеʵ
˭֪أҲжϲˣΪһĲΣԶԶǵʦҪǿ̫ˣͨĸָ̾˵߰ɣʱˣȻϲһսˣ
ͨĸָп꣬ЩŽݶϣ֮УɽĹ㳡ȥ


1420 
ȵǸϵɽĹ㳡֮ϵʱ򣬲ŷ֣㳡Ѿˣġ
㳡ڵӽٵʱʹõģ˭Ҳû뵽Ʒƻĵһսˣ֮УĶ۷֣ⶼڱԵ˵ġ
ͨһĶ֣ͨĸվǰеЩ֡
ÿ϶ɢżΪ˵Ϣһ˾ܹסȫ
ȻܿƣԼƿڷԲߵĵطɢȥ
ˣ㹻ΪڵӾˡ
ڹ㳡ΧڵԴʲôĻǾͻһʱά
ںųµһţҪ⼸˵ǴκĸȺǻǲһ˿һķɡ
һ˵Уڵҫͳֵ֣͢УΪһˡ
ĳ̶ֳ˵Ƕֳ֧Ʒģ£Ȼ֧ƻĵġ
µҲûеǣϾȻǿ󣬵ǻҪʹκ໥ġ
վ֮󣬿ǰʮ֣ɵðզࡣ
֮ǰƷκ࣬ɱ˵۹׶ĳĴ¶ûܹˣȴΪƷƻ֮սˡ
Щ˵Ҹĳȷʵʲô£綥һսĸҪ
ǲŷҵŷôһֱΪʮǰѾˣû뵽Ȼڣ
ֹŷңϼڵһϼһֱǵѾˣû뵽ʱ³ˣ
˻һ˵۹Ǿžǿǳٵ۹ʮĴ󽫰
۷׷ףһЩֵݶϳˣÿϳһһ󾪺ÿһǺպĴڣе¿ֻһ۵ͷǶںܾǰӵйѰĻԻ͡
ֻǾԼʱԽԽǳƷȴû˿Ҫֵ˼
˿ʼȵЩͷˡ
ôûг֣ò˰ɣƷһС
˵ʱ˵ĹϾ˿ƷȻǿǰ׿ڳϹǲƻĵģ֮УûȡͻƵĻܾܿͻ᲻ˡ
ҲǷϳģ
룡
أ˼Լ˵˵Ĺ¶˼ֵɫ˵ʲôʱȴһһ׵ıǾŴֱһȣնһ˸ն롣
ʱ˲䶼˵ˣڱ˵ǰһһڵֵǰǸʲô
ĵҲ¶˼顣
Ȼ֮кܶ࿴ƷҲ˳ۣſƷԱƻնɱҲ
ΣǵУƷȷʵһǿߣЩʸڮٵġ
άָ߸ϵĵλö˵ʲôγĬ
ʱ˲ˣǿǷЩֵļɻˣô˵Ʒ裬ֲ衣
أ۷׷׵ʱֻ֮ϣһӰ̤Ŷݹһµˡ
ȴֶ֮ϻʵ죬Ƭ֮䣬Ѿ˹㳡Ϸˣ˵ƷӦ֮Լǰݼ֪ƻǰڣ
˲仩ȻˣԭǴ˵еĳƷ
Ʒǵĵһоᣬʵ̫ˣҪ֪Ǵ󲿷˶ûƷǵ;˵⻹ͷһƷ
Ȼ˲ŷ֣ƷŶʮӣ˵һʮ߰ꡣ
ݴţᣬĺᡣ
ⲻɵޱȸпЩ֣ɵö׷ױɫ
̫ҪежôˣƷȴȫɣǵ֪
˹һǷſǸоƷɲ⣬ΪԼˡ
ǵĺﻹҪˣ
أʱһӰֱӴӶֱӺȵƷҪսʦ𣬾ȹһذɣҶǶ֣Ǿͳ䣡
˷׷׽Ŀת˹ȥڿˣһ۵ӣŨüۣһƾˣһ˸߸߷Ʒңңš
˻ǲϯӣô
ƻȻ滪Ѿˣʵڵʵϵ
Ҫˣ


1421 벽ᵤ
ƷǰͻȻֵϯ죬ʱ֮УκҲ˺ܶڵϡ
ойϣȻֻڵϯӣƻʵϲµ£Ѿʵϵ
Ҿ˵챾ǹ¶ƻĴڣΪڵĵӡ
˵ĻӦƻĵĵϵĸ
ƻټȣκͷСĶˣƻµһ֣ǳֻڴκ߾ش
ûƻôͷǴӴκҼصȴȫӣȻԣȻʵȴǳǿ
ųƴκһ˵Ĵ󽫾ҶɽֵֹĽȻǴƽ֣˭Ҳκβ˭
ڴκҵУ൱ϣϾôһڴκ֮ǰѾڵ۹ţκ͢ûжǷĹ
ĸ֮УһֱǾԭϻʵ۶ڳƷһ̫ǿǾ͹ˡ
ֻǺ͵ǹƥĳƷȣڵʵǿڴκ߾ȴκһҪȨж߳ĵӣû
Ͼڳ˺ĵ֮⣬ŵӣŵӵһ޷ͻƵĻͻᱻȰ롣
˵ڴκ߾ٶйϵҪڣֻκ߾췴
ټҲȷʵû췴뷨һֱŴκ߾˴κҶ־Ҳһֻ۱һֻۡ
Ͼֻδܹʰڡ
ڴκ߾ӴڴκϷֵһᣬͬһĴڡ
ҲĿɨ˹ȥƺ뿴ƷôӦģ˿ôھƣڴ
ϾͳƷԼսƻģȴһ˳
ȻֻǺҲȳƷˣȻı䲻ˣơ
ϵǣƷϲûʲô仯ֻǵ˵ʦɣ㲻ҵĶ֣˷ʱ䣡
ƷĻ׽ŭˣƷⲢǸ
ȫȻֻڵϯӣʵȴڵߵ˶ҪӣǴκĻʵۣҪ
Ʒһͻûͷ󣬾ȻĴڣ
ƷҲ̫߰˵㣬Ϊʲô֣ͿԷôΪǼѾκ۷ôǲȥЩνͷѣȻĻƾ˼ԶѪˣôʸ񣡡Цһ˵
ƷĬһ£Ϊ˼ԶȷʵǿܹΪκ֮һȻʵȴ¼صĸкܶࡣ
ǽ㳡Щ֮У鵤ھгʮˣÿһ˵ΪѪ֮ϡ
мˣΪڱնɱĴ󽫾Ҷɺͻʼҵһ
Ѿ鵤۷Ĵڣ
˵Ĵڣ˼ԶѪ޵˵֮ҲֻһЦѡ
ǸʱĳƷ־棬оͷۣڵ˵Щʲô
Ѿ˳鵤磬Ӿ˵Щ֮͵ģսνЩνĸ֡
νȻԣҾ֪Ľǰƨǣ
ƷЦһ
̫ˣȻˣǾҽѵѵ㣡֮â˵ʦƻ¼ǿˣСһӰɳھȻ˸ʦսʦµս޷ܡ
ҪսʦǾ͵ȴ̤ȥ
ɲǼ䣬ͿʼˣȫһɿֲƣһƳֱڳеĸֳˡ
Щ֣ױɫ֮ʮ鵤ڣм鵤۷ĸ֣ȻһƵǰʲô
ѾͿҪᵤˣ
еףᵤζʲôΪĿǰκֻһᵤĸ֣Ǿƻġ
ƻľκ뢣ڴκ֮и˸ǣ
ֻҲҪᵤˣ
˶˹ഫ˵Ϊ¶֮ԻᱻƻĴϤΪʹˣƻĵĻ˵ϣܹۿõʡ
ɼжôľˣ


1422 Ʒһȭɣ
һȻ٣ƣֻʮ֮ھͿԿᵤ
ǸʱھȻᵤκľ˵ζʲô˶
ڴκ;߱ȫԵӰνһ뢣ǽᵤǾһˡ
ȫ֮ϵĿֲڣ
վڹһߣǾҵı񣬵վҵĶ棬Ǿһµѡ
ǶĿ⿴˳ƷѾǰ벽ᵤ죬ƷҪԡ
Ͼ֮ǰƷչֳʵȻѰ鵤۷֮ϣҲûĶ֡
Ʒܿ˰벽ᵤսֻǵƲ⣬Ȼȴġ
㳡Ϸһ˲䣬͸ӦһƵıֱӾͲ˵ɫĽ磬㳡˽ȥ
ڵ϶żֳݵɫ֮ϵ죬˵ƻеĻôеĴͷˣҲδϣ
һ˲䣬ͿʼˣֲĹɲǼֱչˡ
֣
һ˲䣬ƻֱӴ˿µƣһֳֻѹȥģֲ񳱣ֱӴǵ֮ƣųƷȥ
ĹѾԽѰ鵤۷壬ȷʵѾ߱һֽᵤܣ
Ѿӽ֮ǰƷδͻʱʵ
Ǹʱ򣬳ƷȻδͻƣսѾȫѰ鵤۷֮ϣȻĻֻѰ鵤۷壬ֻƻ࿴һ۵ȤûС
Ͼᵤ鵤ȫ
һֻ־Ȼ֮лһɽµһ˵һģһġ
ʵϣˣѧŽɱĿֲܡ
Ȼ׼Ĳǵķ򣬵ǹ㳡֮ϣ൤ֶ׷ɫΪ֮һ䣬ʵ̫ˣ鵤۷壬ĹҲȫ޶ԡ
ĹƷҲΪֱ˫͵һ˺

˷·ܹһ˺ѵȴֻƷ˫ð˽⣬һֲֿѹ˺ѿ˺ѳ롣
ֱ¶ıģܹӰƷ
ɫҲˣΪû뵽ԼһУȻôɵľͱƷˡ
֮ص飬Ϊʶ˳Ʒʵֻ²֮£ԭԤϵǰ㣬ֻǱѰ鵤۷ҪǿһЩѡ
ΪۣŻԼԴԼʦһսһƷԼʦԳ֡
ڿƷһУ
أʱֱӶˣһӵӡ֮󣬷ʼķڶţ֮УֱӷɳһСʯʯէһɽǸߴ׵ľ޴һģһģŵֶһģһġ
ֻĴСҪСĶˣֻ׵ӣǽֻ׸ߵʯȴ˼˿µܡ
Ʒ
е־˵
ĵַ׷׸ɫ˿õķȻѰõַķ
ֻһ鵤ĸõƷᵤĸʹõľƷ
ֻƷҪƳҪĸֲϺͲƸһܹģڣ컹δᵤȻƷķ
֪жôĸˣ
ǣܾǾۼȫŵҲδܹΪǼܹѼϣҲδܹƵĳ
ַҲǸŵĶؾûṆ̀
г˸пȷʵޱ֮⣬ҲˣΪʲôôսƷˡ
Ʒķ֣ͬĸּѹģͬĸܹġ
ǽᵤĸҲòСĶԴ
ǻųƷҪӦԵʱȴƷһĮȻһȭ˳ȥ
أ
ֻһ޴ޱȵĺȴƷֱһȭֲϯķ
㳡ϷγɵɫҲھҵĶ
Ȼ˾ֻˣԭֱѹСȻֱӺ˳ȥ
ǵģĿ֮£˳ȥ
˶±ˣɵˣ
һļž˶Ŵͣ
Щ֣ΪƷ߻ᱻСˣҲͬóԿ˭֪ƷȻһȭС͵


1423 Ұܣ
Ҳݣ
˲ɵ̲ס˴ֿڣٿƷʱ򣬼ֱڿһ
ͽȥƷģǽᵤĸҲֵܾͽһȭͽƷɳȥɡ
ʵǲ¶ˣܹ飬ڽᵤĸ֮УҲǷëǣֻЩר޵ĸ֣ܹ顣
Ʒкְܶ취ֱȭͷɣʣΪ˵ֶΣҲΪһֶΡ
ͫ׶ɵ΢΢
Ǵʱŷ֣Լ̫С˳ƷˣȫȫС
ôһ鲻ʲô·ļһȻܹô˵ٶˣܹѰ֮ô
ɵˣҲǳɵˣƷһȭʵ̫ˣֱС֮еԪ˺ϣֱ
ڱˣ֮ǰǰһʤȯյˣˣԼһȿֲĴˡ
ѹԼΪһʦȻҪսˣЦԼΪ˶ѡ
ǶѾսڣȻû˺ɣ
䲻Ҳ䲻
ڿɲӦȴƷѾ˶ȵ죬Ȼڤ粻飬Ҿʶһ£½ѧľѧˣֵܹʲôʱ򣡡
̫һƷﲻ̬ȣ׽ŭȻʵԼܲƷҲһ㼶ڵĸ֣ƷȻСʱŭɶ
Ȫһ̤
ƷһҲú˵ʱֱӳ̤ȥ
˵УǷ·һֻţһƬһôѹֲ־ݻĻȪˮǵصĳȥ
أ
ڳƷһż̤ϵʱϲ֪ʲôʱֱԻС͵
һƷܹأҲԼԺͳƷĸԭ
Ʒһֱ䵽С֮ϣһ죬С͵ҵĻζе⣬ֱһѪ˳
һɿֲķֱ֮ѹϣҪȫĹͷ̤ɷ顣
ֱǶߵķһ㣬ֱӵ˳ȥ
˶ɵˣǳƷĳô
֮ǰǱѣڣǳƷ֣Ȼһžͽ̤ɳȥֱ̤ˡ
ʲôѧȻֱܹ͸Ʒ˵еˣеĿ˵ֱǲ˼漣
ʱѾ׷ˣǹأƷչֳʵԶԶԽǵ
ǵĻôʮΧ죬δܹһСķ
˲һë
Ȼ˭֪ƷȻֻһžͽ̤ˣ
ðסΣ֮˼־ֵ飬ûСڹؼʱס˳Ʒ󲿷ֵֻһžҪ̤˻Թȥֱӻ̤
ƷȻֲʵ֮ǰԤ֮Уʵں
ƷղһţûҪ㣬Ϊ㲻·һɿֲѹ
һĿֲо
Ϊز֮󣬻ܹӵĸоѾ˽ᵤ硣
ôܣԼϰ꣬δᵤ磬Ʒͻû͵ͷôܣ
ȻƷ˹
ܹסһ̤ϧҲ͵Ϊֹˣ
Ʒ࣬Ƕ˵ȴûôˣΪѾȷˣƷȷʵֲֿʵ
Ȫ̤
Ʒһȣֱٶһֻż̤ȥԭĻȪһ̤ȣһŸӵĿֲ½ֻʽĿֲƣȻֱӽ㳡ϵĽˡ
ڹ㳡ϵĽ粻ֹһ㣬ֱָ˺ü㣬ŵסһŵĿֲơ
˶ɵˣЩ֣вٶƷµڶǷʵڿֹʵȴлҪһٱ
ڶֱӼ̤ǿµƾֱһѪ˳һƸ޷С赲ֱӺ䵽ϡ
Ȼ͸оһֻźݺݼ̤
أ
ͬ׹һֱӺݺײ˺ü磬Ȼײ䵽˹㳡֮ϡ
¡
ʱ㳡ϵĴʯѿ˷۳γ쳾ˣ㳡ھҵĲ
˿ȥѾһˣֱӱһ̤Ļ˹ȥ


1424 ǿ֣
˲ɵõһƷֻ̤Ŷѣ˶óƷ
ֻνĻȪһ̤Ȫ̤ѣô᲻νĻȪ̤Ȫ̤
Ĵ˵ǲԶģǶһսƷδ
ȻȴѾˣƷѾˣȻˣҲ򲻳ĴսǴͷβѹһ˵ʵǶ̶ʱѣаˣѾˡ
˫ĲѾһĿȻˣ
ȫ˵ϣϾ֮ǰ˿ֻʵҪڳƷ֮ϵģӦҲǲࡣ
˭֪ڳƷǰһ
ʱǲ˳Ʒ֮ǰ˵ģ첻Ķ֣ƻԳĻ
֮ǰƷʮֵţȻǲǳƷ̫ˡ
ȫȫʵʵ˵
ʱЩڵĵͳͳǶԳƷŭĿԣƷһ̤ǵϯӣѹǺݺݴ
Ȼ˵ȴôΪˣȻƷʾ컹ԼˣǾȡˣֲñˡ
ڵĵӵҲûҷϾҲҪܴĹУȻڲֹһ֣ԳƷչֳʵܲƻҪЩٶ
ʱһӰ˳˶һȴǱˣƻġ
ƻĳ֮һ˲䣬ߣȷֱǻȥû֮΢΢һ
Ȼˣ
ƻһһȥ
˫ڶӵһ˲䣬һɿֲľ˵ͷ˳ɿݺײһ
¡
֮д˾ҵײ˵ľʵһγɣ˷ɢ
㳡֮ϣҵĶ
ȻֻǾѣ˫ΪǺεȿ£ܹʵʻĹ
ֻǾײȻѾܹղųƷսʱ¡
Щͨĸ˵һĻǿһ㣬鵤ĸ֣ҲƷƻᡣ
㲻¾ߵһƻĿųƷ˵Ҳҿ㣬ûʧ
ƻĿƷ֮УҲоȣѹֲסľȣҪ֪ڳƷһ˽ⶼûУʵϣ֪Ʒֻͨ۷塣
˶Դ˶ֻƲ⣬Ƕ˵Ѳס
ڶ̶µʱ֮ڣȻʹͨ۷ͻƵ鵤Ҫ֪ͻƵʱ㻰ʱ䡣
Ȼ˫ͬǳƷ¾ˣҲԼãƷȷʵͬ졣
ȵǳƷսʵ˵֮µĵڶˣ֮⣬κѷ֡
û뵽ô׵İ˳Ʒˡ
Ʒʱ򣬳ƷԶԶûʵ΢΢Щ
ô˵춼ҵͽܣҵͽܣȻҪһЩۣ
ƻ˵
Ʒ΢΢һЦȻ˵ҪҸۣܹõĻԿˣ
ƻĳ֮һҵĹâڱһ˲䣬Ϳʼˡ
֣
ƻһ˳õ֮ǰʹõĴ֣˫ֱ֮
ƻĳĴִĿ񳱣Ͳûù㳡֮ϵĽ飬ȫʩչʮ
Ҳ˼ʶˣᵤͰ벽ᵤĲжôĴȻֻǰ벽Ĳ࣬Ȼʵȴر
Բ֮ڵҲһжҵĲ
ƷҲ࣬ʱ򣬸һ㶼ϡ
Ʒȭָȭֲȭָͷ˳͵һȭ
ɲǼ䣬Ʒ󻯳һ޴ޱȵĽɫޣֱݻľ޴ײһ
¡
ն·Ҫը˿һտĿˮһ㣬ҵĲ
㳡֮ϣ˿һĻɫˣЩ֣ʱڿһ㡣
ЩѾͨĸָܹоԶԶһֲ
Ȼо󱳷ȴЩ鵤ĸ֣Ҳǵ֣ΪˣŲ˫Ĳж
Ǽ鵤۷ĸ֣Ȼκ֮ȴĸ֡
Ȼǲŷֻ֣˵ʵѾԶԶ˦ˣȫﵽһ硣


1425 ھԵʵǰ
ƷȻˣ˾ţƷȻӵ˺ƻĽֵʵ
̫ˣҼǵûж֮ǰҲǻ˰벽ѣڣսȻܹͽᵤƻᲢˣ
µĻǳƷڵʵĳɳٶȣӳɳȥ˭Σ
ΪʲôϻʵðŷҲҪնɱˣӵĳɳٶȥҪãֻҪʮֻ꣬һһ仰¸ĳˣ
뵽ֿܣɵЩһҪ֪ʮڷ˵ǺܳЩгɵ˵ûôˡ
ڶʮ֮ڣƷܹﵽ޵еĳ̶ȣô˵ܻܹͳδκꡣ
֮ڣĴڸΣֻҪ鲻ãƷκ
վϻʵ۵֮ϣҲĵģҪִֻܹκǳˮ֮оȻ
֮ϣѰ˿ֲĹ֮̽˼ûκԥֱٶȳŶԷɱ˹ȥ
Ȼû뵽ǣ˫㽻֣һ˲䣬֮ϣѾ㽻ϰٴΡ
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˫Ѿ쵽Ѱ˸ĵزʵȫλᵤĸ֣²óٶһϣٶҲһԶԶ鵤ҪĶˡ
쾳磬ͨߴʱֻǿĪĿֿʼ̮Ƭ񷶼̮ˡ
Ǵ֪˼ҵԴﵽֵزֱһ㣡
Щַ׷׽˫֮ϣǵΪȻֵܿľҲϡܹһЩӰӡ
쾳ͨߣȫֻǿˡ
и𺳣ΪǸףжôĺˡ
ƷƻĽֵľ棬ѾԶԶǵ̶֪ˡ
أ˾ֻһײ֮УһӰ˳һĽ֮С
һȴǱˣȻƻġ
סˣ˶û뵽һܲײ˳ˣȻƻġ
ôܣڵĵӣЩ޷ӵΪһƻľȻȵֵסˡ
ʱƻȻûôǱǺʼ˼ּ٣֮ԳεĳƷͬûб仯
ãƻѪˣҸոճʱ˼ҾѾµһˣھϣڷĻ̶ϣȻѹͨ˵ģϾˣѪû취˱ȣĶǳƷı̬۷Ȼ£
ˣƴˣȭʦȻĺ꣬ǱϾͳƷûıˣ
Ʒս֮ʧѪͷһ˲ܲȴͬˣҪѸõʱ䣡
˶ʱҲˣƻΪʲôôҵս֮ȱֳ˲֧վ̫ˡ
ԳƷӵ˵ʱϾ⡣
Ҫ֪һ˵ĻֱָӵĹϵ˵ĻָǱ˸ǿ
ǳƷı̬ΪϿͽֶԿƷ˵ǿȵս治ɫļսҹоʲô
ƻıǿȵսҹֻᾫѪľ
˫ûмȥĿԣ
ƷҲûм׷Ϊ˫ڱȶֻǸ߸ϵĿƻģ˵㻹ɣĲң
û뵽֮УȻܹزƻĻ˵ΣҪ֪ǰƷֻֻͨǿ鵤սȻôࡣ
սԲֻǸոտᵤô򵥶ѣԼ˽ᵤôãΪѾǽᵤ۷壬ȻԳƷʱ򣬾Ȼռһǰıˡ
ʮֺˣ
ųƷĲӣҲòһ㣬ǾˣͳƷӲƴȷʵûʲôʤ㡣
Ϊֻ㱾µĻʹشˣƻĻĿ˵
νΪʲôĵƣھԵʵǰ㶼ܷ̣
Ʒ˵
Ļʱ˵һƬȻڵĵӣǳ׵׵ĶŭĿӡ
ƷĻ̫ˣʲôоԵʵ
Ʒ̫ˣ۷ʱڣ᲻
ѣ
ôӮ
ڵĵӲ޵˵Լûʶڲ֪֮䣬ȻѾƷеͬһνбȽˡ


1426 Ȫ̤
ȻƷǲܺƻȣܵ˵ҲһϵĴˡ
ǳһ㣬Ҫ߸ƻǿͷ֪Ʒ֮ǰǴ˶𺳡
Ʒ̫ˣĵطӮǲܣ
ƻ΢΢һЦأһֻץɲǼ䣬ڵĴһӸˣȻʼתɲǼ䣬ԲʮڵʼҵĶһһųƷȥ
͸ղƻԼȣڴƻԱǿ̫̫ˡ
˶ʱЩˣǺˣΪʲôƻҪսѡ֮ˡ
ֻӵ׼ˣڵΧڶĸ죬˲֪ٴҲΪˣЩ֮
Ȼᵤĸֱܹ֮ǻûа취֮ȵġ
˿һĻɵ𺳵Ըӣƻĵ۷壬ֻ֮еƻĲǿģ޿ƥУɱܡ
䣡
䣡
䣡
ɲǼ䣬ƻѾĹڽ֮֮ԭѪȱѾȫֲˡ
ǿأϾǿܹ֮ô
֮ĹԴԴʱԵõ䣬ʱ򣬱ƴģƷֻᱻ
ƷһҪһҪ
ڳ߶һ仰֮кܶ˾ǰͲóƷͲóƷսܡ
ΨӲܹκľϴơ
е˼ӵֶΣκβңƷЦһһӶˣֱɨȭӰͬһ㣬ƻĵķȥ
Ʒ󣬻һֻӰٶ˼¡
ЩԪɵÿһΪֲڻڴĵ֮£ÿһڽᵤֵһ
ôɰǧĺһĽᵤܱȭ
ǳƷȻѰӭѶϣǵضĹԣ˿á
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ǵɫĽ׷׸ˣڱС
Χضŷ׷ը˿
ͫ΢΢˵Ľ֣Ѿһֿµĵزˡ
ƻĽ֮ĹƷȻƾֵסˣ
ôܣƷΪʲôزˣѪȻʢزˣ
ǰƻ׿˵ƷĶ֣Ȼ֮һоͱŤתˣ
ЩϣƷܵ˿һĻɵ΢΢һƷһ֮Կֻ֮ǶʱģҲʮ־ˡ
ܹõĳ̶ȣ
Ʒٽһԣ
ʱƻһһдǽһ޴ޱȵĿն޴ӡųƷ
һдֱղ˵֪Ҫǿ˶٣ڸ˹ƻĵĲٿ֮£ųƷ
ã
Ʒ˿޾壬ֱһԾչһϣȻӭһϡ
ֱ˫̯Ľ⣬һ¾ͽһдָ˺˿
ֻĳ̶Ȼ޷ҵģƻģղŶڽҲˣƷֱӷ߿գӸ¿ƻġղֵֻסţֵ֪ܹסҼţ
Ȫһ̤
˻𺳵ʱ򣬸ղ˵ľѧһ¸˳
ȴƷֱһż̤ĻȪˮǵ֮Ƴƻ
ԳƷһУƻޱȵأСƣղžһлĵӡ
֣
ƻһĳƷĻȪһ̤ײһ
أ
һ޴ĺ֮Ȼȴֻƻ˿ȻƷƽɫ
ڵĵӷ׷¶˼ֵ飬ƷһƺҲûô
Щ鵤ĸȴûôˣΪⲻֻǳƷոտʼѡ
סҵһȪ̤
Ʒٶֻ̤Ǻ֮ǰȣ͵һࡣ
¡
һֱ䵽ƻĵϣƻҲû˸ղŵǰɣ˺üסΡ
ֻɫҰף˲һѪ˳
ֻһ˲䣬ͱش


1427 ƻİ
ƻıƷһ̤Ѫˣʱ㳡һƬš
˶ɴ۾һĻֱǲ˼漣Ҳš
ڱ󷨵ļӳֵ£Ȼ˳Ʒϡ
Щ˵Ǹо˾
Ʒǿǲһ־ĸооˡ

ʱԭϵһӾͷ˳ԭҲģƻĵġ
ƻ־ͽ˹Ȼ͵һӣԼ֮С
֣
ƻķ˷Բľܸ˳Ʒ
¡
ųƷһƺ˳ȥ⻯һ޴ޱȵȻݺݵĳųƷȥ
ϵʱȣƻе˺üһ壬ֿµĹһ˲ը˿
Щɿ񳱣ųƷϯȥ
ʱ򣬳ƷҲˣһҪ̣ܣȪ̤
Ʒٶһż̤ȥֲĻȪˮĽŵ׷˿γǵ֮Ƴѹȥ
¡
˫µĹٶײһƻΪһ壬ĹҲԶԶˣ֮ǰļޡ
ȻƷȪ̤ҲԳ֮ǰȪ̤ʱ˫ʩչ۷幥ɵನֱӽԲʮڵͳͳķ飬ɨ㳡ನֱӸ˺ü㳡ϵķõĽ硣
Ƿ绹кܶ㣬ֻµҪЩˡ
˿һĻɫ׷ױˣ˫֣ϵԼĹǿȣѾԶԶ֮ǰ
Ѿȫһˣ
ܹһս޺
Щ֣鵤۷ĸֿһĻֻӯ鼤޷ѡ
Ϊ˵ҪͻƵᵤʵ̫ˣⱲҲδĻᡣ
ڽᵤһУǶֻǲ²⣬ûȻڣ˽ᵤˣˣܹʲôĳ̶ȣ˵ָ·
Ƕ룬˫սѾֳʤˡ
ȴһµײ֮УһӰȵ˳ȥ˶һȴƻ˭ء
ʲôôܣ
˵һ޷ŵ˵
Ȼʧˣں֮ʵָ۷壬ȻƷײ֮УȻʧˡ
ڵĵӣǲţΪһȻʧܡ
֮ǰ뷨֮УǸܴڵġ
ôܲƷ
һڵĵӲɵú˳ʵҲ޷ţ˼ĸڡ
ۣ
ƻĶʱһѪ˳ֻоһؿڣȫ඼ھҵĶڸղŵĹ֮£߾ȫƷһսȻյĽȴʧˡ
ʱٲģҲýܳƷǿ顣
֮˼飬µʱ䣬ƷѾǿһزȻҪóƷΪԼĶ֣ΪԼĥʯ
ȻȴҲҪóƷȫ֮ϡ
Ŀ⿴ȥƷĿĿƻġ
ܹӵȪ̤ҲʵһҲ͵Ϊֹˣһн㣡Ʒ˵
ƷȻʾ˶ƻĵϿɣȻʱȴûоʲôԣֻоƷȷʵʸ
ȷʵʸƻĵ飡
ͻȻ㤵ķ֣ƷпȡƻĳΪµһ֣
һУֻһˣʤһУ
Ҳûǰճ־õս˫ĲѾʮԣԵ˲ƻ֧ŵĸã
ҪӮˣҾ˵϶ģ
㳡֮ϣȺ֮УŸ˵˲ڵӵĲѾںˡ
֮ǰǸʱ򣬿˲ٵİۣڵӳЦǲȻڣһжˡ
ҪңܣƻĴһ˫ֳһץʱؼۿɼĿ³̶ȱץУԲʮڵȫ۵һ
Ȼĳӿȥһطܹ֮Ϣǿ˺üΣһµĿ񳱣ֱӳųƷϯȥһ͵һѹȥ
ͬʱƷҲˡ
Ȫ̤
˵̤ƷжҲЩɬˣ֮ǰǰ˳ΪҲѾȫ
¡
˫ٶײһһܣը鿪˵Ŀȫˡ
Ȼ˷ӦȴһӰֱӺ˳
ȴǱˣƻġ
˶Ӧ˹ƻİˣ


1428 µһ
˲͵һӷӦ˹ƻսˣ
һƻֱӺݺײ˹㳡֮ϣֱӱشһѪ˳ޱȵǱ֮ǰ緢
ʱ˶оһ˲䣬֮еķһȫˣֹ˳Ʒ
֮Եڵһŷŭӡ
Ʒһֱӷ֮һжڳƷ֪жôķŭˡ
ƷҲǳԸɷģȻҲһ˳ܵԸֻЦһֱӷڳ˻ȪˮۿűǻȪ̤̤Ҫɽ̤Ϊƽء
ûƻĵǣƣûзνɹ˿أҪԸԼôܡ
ʱһ
ס֣
̧ͷһȴǱˣƻģƻĻվǣ˿ڣһѪ˳
ڵĵзŭȴҲƻĵĻ
ֻܷƷĴ㡣
ƻĻ˰֮У˵л飡
ƻĵĻ֪ԭڸղŵĳ֮УȻƷʩչȫȻʵϻ˵ġ
˵ȻСƻģֻжڳƷ۸ˣ𾪣ս֮УǵĻֻ֣ܳҲ͹˲ʲôˡ
ΪȫֵĻôսܵľˡ
Ʒս֮УȻܹⱾѾһ漣ˡ
˵ͷβһжڳƷƿ֮УƷͿɼƷжôǿˡ
Ѱ˿Ǹ޷Ĵս֮УȻһս
¶ѣֻ¶ѣôͱǿôˣ
µһְµһˣ
ҽֻҲǲŵģƷȻܹôֲһ
һӾ͹ըһ˲׷׺
Ƕ֪һ飬˽һսԸ⻹ǲԸ⣬Ҫһ飬ǾµһѾˡ
֮ǰƻģȻǳƷ
ƻѾ۷ͣƷ֮УֱǸոմﵽ˵Ͷѡ
δĳƷֱ޿ġ
ϣƻƺƷ뷨ڿҲǲȡģƻĸǳƷοƻĵͣҲֲ˶ˡ
죬ԳƷֻҲûʤģ
˽֮󣬳ƷֻľҪϵΨҶˡ
ټϽŹʦͷմκĸԴδĳɾͼֱ
֮еĵӶ׷˲ĵᣬԡµһֵͷ̫̫֮ˣںܶ˵ǳʼµһ־Ѿˡ
Ҳϰǵµһ֣ܹҡǵĵλ
ڣǵƤӵ£µһֵıλˣ˳Ʒˡ
ǲԾģᡣ
Ĵ͸ҲоޱȸпǵĸйûôֱӣǻǸоʮ𺳣Ǵκǰδеı֡
һȫµµһڿԤδ֮ڣֻ¶ûܹҡƷĵλˡ
ƻĲϧһУڳ˶ˣѹǱƷͷβѹˣڵĵӣвģŭҲ޻˵
ƷûȡɣƻȡˣΧ֮Ǽ˻ǰ˳Ʒϣν޻˵
ƻĵĸлƷ΢΢˵ͷҲûֵĴ㣬ֻдѣûҪ֡
˵ǰƻıлŤת´ƣʱĳƷƻĵĶ֣ƻû֣ᡣ
ڳƷͶұˣ
ƻȶסڵ֮󣬲˼뵽ģû뵽˳Ʒµʱ䣬Ĵ漣
ȴڣΪıҲҪɱƷҪһ㹻ǿĶ֣ܹȫһս
Ʒˣֻˣ෴ģޱȵĳɫ
дѣطϣƷ˵
õµЩ֣֪˾ڴʲôգǺܶ˶ǵһμƷʱžƺƷҲûд˵ֵˣͱ˵ӡ
о·֮ǰĴŶ󣬲Ʒ֮ǰԥնֵӣǶʱҲЩԻˣĸǳƷ
ô˵ңж죬飬飬ҵϣƻ˵ȻսˣĽɻء
˲
شս֮ͻҲǰ˰ɣƷ˵
һʱ䣬ﾪ


1429 ´ƣˣ
һʱ䣬ﾪ˶һӱƷˡ
ƻľȻҪͻˣ
ʲô
ӦϾͷӦ˹ˣ飬һʼ͸һεζԭǴκϻʵۻؽƻģȴϵڴ֮ǰ˳Ʒһ
Ȼ֮սԼƷȻҲϵĴӦˣǰһս
˫һս֮ȴǵ㵽Ϊֹ
ԭȴƻҪͻˣ
˶ˣƻΪʲôҪŹƷųƷ֣ʩѹȻͻƶѡ
ӵķ˶˽⣬Ϊ֮ǰҲҲùķܶʱ޲սһջ
Ȼڣƻ˵ַͺˣΪزܹѹˣ˵Ƿëǡ
ڴκ֮ǲڵģ
ǰ벽ᵤ죬ȫҲܻƻĵĶֻ֣ȫȫѹ
ҪﵽЧ͵Ҫ辶ƷĴڣȻƻһѡ
Բ֮ս
˿һսĪҲĪ˫зִ硣
ڲˣеԵɾȻģ
ԭ֮ǰɥڵӲǶ׷¶˾ϲֵ飬û뵽Ȼӵתۡ
˵ζƻĺпܶµһֵͷȻƻڿսˣǵͻ֮ӦûȳƷǿǸʱ򣬾ȻȻٶȳΪµһ֡
һս˺ܶ࣬ҲǶİˣƻĵƷ֪ĿģȴҲԸȫʮָл
һս˵ЧԶԶлҪãΪƷѹȱĻҪǿ̫ˣֱӴ޻֮
ƴ֮УҲƽʱ򲻵ĶΪһҲֻǰˡ
޷֮ͶѣƷһЦ˵
ô绹Լĵأȵͷ֮Ϊ»Ҫµһֵͷģ˵ʱЩƷ֮ǰʤ˵ϲö˺ܶࡣ
㰡һԵĳҫЦҡҡͷ˵Ͳˣ˵µһͷܷǳҪǶƷ˵µһͷҲһˣ㿴ǻںνµһͷô
һ룬ҲȷʵƷͲ֮ˣȻĻҲֲҲ
Ҳܾôƽ׵øͷɣƵ˵
ΪôôƻĹȻܹڲ֮ӭͻƣΪ㷲۽ֻôٶȣ˵ƻͻƵٶȸأҫɵøп˵
ҲͬǸп֣ڳƷٶҲʹ󲿷һֻоޱȵ𺳣ֱ˼ġ
ô̵ʱ֮ڣƷΪֱ˻һĴ̫δ顣
ƻܹȡͻƣļҲˣٶʱиͻơ
ȻƷȴͬˣͻƵٶȼֱף鵤ҲãᵤҲãȻޡ
κ˵ֻǳˮѣǳˮ֮гһȻܽĿκνµһ֮ϡ
ϵӥϵ֮Ĳ࣬ͬն
΢һ룬Ҳȷʵͬҫ˵ʱҲͷˡ
ͻ֮ս¶µһţƻĻᶨ˵
ּ֮㣬ڳƷ˵νµһͷνΪ˵ûʲôô
ȴͬˣΪڣµһͷ˵ҲҪġ
µһµڶֺֻʵȴԼܹסģҲǵһڵڶû˾˼עˡ
ãƷ˵ͷ
ȻѾˣǾʦһɣҲҾ֮꣡ƻĿųƷ롣
ãƷҲûоֱܾӴӦһǰһ̤Ŷݹ⣬
ʱ˲γѣȻӣ˶û뵽Ȼճ
֮ǰҪˣȻƽճ
е±ƵĸоǶףӽ쿪ʼµľҪȫתˡ
ڴκڵĳ͢˵ƷʤȻǰδеĴ£Ҳζţ͢ȹ
ϣϴƵĸҲòʵֻҪгƷһ죬Ҫ춼ǲܡ
´ƣˣ


1430 ջС
Ʒʱ䣬뿪ʱ򣬳ƷҲоջ˺ܶࡣ
ȻƷŵʵļ䣬ǺܶϾҪԼġ
ڵ֮УȻƻĵսƷȻڵ֮УѵʱǰٱڳƷġ
ྭ̸֮ҲóƷһֻȻĸоԭֻǵ֪ΪԼ⡣
ʱ䣬ƻĵջ񣬾ҪԶԶƷˡ
ڳƷ˵ǰ·ȷģֻԼµ·Ӽ̶ѣǶƻ˵ǰ·Ƕϵġ
˵ز֮Ȼ㲻ǰ޹ˣߣǻҲѾվ۷֮С
زǰָܹ̫ٶ
Ʒĳֻ֣ڵָ㣬˵Ҳָδķ
˵ǷǳҪģٽ֮ǰľ飬Ѿһһ·ԷǳҪ
ΪͬڳƷƷǶʮѣȻȴѾҪĺˣԽ棬ƽٶҲԽ졣
һĹ֮С
ľ֮ǰһĻҲûиϣˣ
ڣƷһϣ
һߵȻҲ˵Ȼ˵ǰֻ߱˵۵
Ǽֻ˵۵ǶҲһ޴
˵˶ջ˲ٵĺôиԵ̸˭ռһЩ
۵֮У֮ԭֵĵҲʧˣ죬ԭڳƷǲġ
һֱΪʦƻ֮⣬µڶӦԼŶԣ˭֪ͻȻðĳƷȻҪʦ
ǿ۵ģȻôһս֮Ѿ׿ˣƷʵܹģʦֽ׶ҲǶ֡
ֲʱƣܸһıһ֮Ѿ׷ܳƷˡ
֮ĹϵҲͺĶˡ
Ȼ֮У۵ʱµҲΪ֮ǰĽֶ˷츲صı仯
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ƻĶֹ˳ƷˣҲɵˣʵҲɵýݷĽ׶Ρ
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£Ҳòݷ״̬һʱ䣬¼һƬã·ֱӽһʢһ㡣
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۹˵ʧҲֻƤëѣԶԶ̸˽ǵһս
ڳƷ뿪֮󲻾ãʥּӵ۶֮д뷷ƻΪʦƷС
һʱ䣬»Ȼ˶û뵽ô̵ʱ֮ڣȻı仯
˶ǿ÷Ȼƻڴս֮˳ƷȻҲǲгƷѣ˵ʱȻѹԵơ
Ҳûа취ԿĴڣ
˵ҪΪʦȷʵʸ
ҲΪ飬ҲһЩϣʣ»ʵκôʣΪ˷Ʒγһƽ״̬
ƻܣȴΨһܹƺƷ֮ˣ
»ʵκôĿҲһĿȻ
˿˫Ѻۣ
˿һõĻᣡ
뷷⣬ƻĽˣƷȴûж˵ʲô˼
ҲĻ֮вɵʮʧ
ڳƷ˵Щǳģκͻɼǿÿʵ۵ĹΪ˾ı䡣
κĴΪֶȡ£Ҳûʲô
Щ鶼ǳҪģԳƷͲںֲҪλԼʵۣڴκ쳤ؾõĴȥԶЩȻҲֻԹۣں
ڻص˵۶ԼĹʦϵʱһ˳ϵǰݻ˳Ʒ


1431 СԪ
ʦ԰һ֮ͤС
ԶƷһھƣȻ¾ƱϴżֵȻЦݿǰˡ
һҲˣǴǵʦЭ᳤ײ¡
ԱߣһԼĪʮģߣһۣȫ͸¶һ־ǿɵϢ
ʦҸһ°ɣλǴκʦЭ᳤ܻײȴڽ˵
ԭǹ᳤
Ʒ˹˵
ΪκʦЭ᳤ܻ⹫κ֮УȻҲȨһ
ҳƷó⹫ΪҲ˿ȫȫ鵤ΪȻֻ鵤ڣǹʵҲ¼ͷ֮һˡ
ȻڳƷǰǾͲˣֻͷ֮һƷȴ¼ǿ
ӰڵĻʵκ֮ϣ˭СĴڣ
ʦˣҵ
ҲǸпĿųƷ֪ƷʱǻΪ׾ٵľʹʦѧͽ˸߼ʦְϣڴ֮вܿʦֻܾܹһΪʦ
ʱֻǸпƷǵϵţһ֮Уѷ֣пܳΪκһεĵʦЭ᳤
˭֪Ʒһգ۵ʱ䣬ѾΪ֣ȻʼϮ֮·ɹƻģΪµһ֡
ٶȿۻңû׾Ѿˡ
ڴκѾǴǺͳƷһȣȻС׼ˡ
ϧˣʦûڵ۶μӵʦЭĿˣӦܹһǰ޹˺ߵģһ֮ڴƽΪʦĴ棡п˵еźϾҲ̫߱ˡ
ƷֳʵǾпܵģ
νˣνְƣҲһͷѣƷҡҡͷҪ߼ʦݣڣȻûʲô̫ˡ
һʱЩϧ֪ƷδػȤʦȻǻΪһ棬ĴʦȻͳƷӵеʵͷ͸ʲôˡ
᳤֪Ϊ£Ʒʵ
ģһΣǵʦЭܻҪٰһСԪᣬǸʱ򣬸طĵʦЭĸ߼ʦʹʦǰʦģųƷ˵
СԪ᣿ʲôƷʵ
ʵϣʦӦ֪ʦЭ鲼¸ҲֻǴκĵʦЭĻ᳤֮ϣһܻᣬܻҪٰһСԪᣬĿľøʦл໥ĴᣬҸʦҲóԼҪҩģСԪϽСԪҲƽʱѵһļƷҩģһ¡
ƷʱˣСԪᣬ˵ˣʦЭٰһᣬֻżܸߣֻи߼ʦлȥμӡ
߼ʦһʲôĴڣǿײģܹһǳΪеĵʦЭ᳤ˡ
ⲻֻǴﵽǰСԪ͵ߡ
ȫõСԪĹ֮ߣҲǼΪģټϿڻϽƽʱѵһҩģͶͨʦ˾޴ˡ
νСԪ˵ҲӦ񻰴˵ٰĵԪᡣ
ȻԭֻСʦľۻᣬʱƣѾԷγһΪֵļУͨʦҲ᲻ԶǰټһЩҪۻ߹ҩĵĸֵȵȣÿξٰ죬Ҳ֣˵ʦǴκǼڲĸ߼ʦȻҪ֪ͨʦһˣ
ƷֻЦЦĿһ۹Ȼ˵᳤û˵ʵɣֻС£һ֪ͨˣαλ᳤ǰأ
϶ʱ¶˼ֿЦ飬Ȼ˵ȻһжʦʵϣСԪּҲǸصʦһ໥ĻᣬѾһˣѾΪ˸ʦ໥дĳˣǴκʵѾüζд֮еˣʦȻֻǵǼڲĸ߼ʦȻҿʵȴڴʦܹ֣һεȻôѿ
סƷʱҲֱӾʵѸˡ
ԲֻһεĸϼѣʵϣҲ˸֮ǱϿô򵥡


1432 ţ뿪
ƷŻȻƲҲ࣬һƬ֮У˴κͽʺ֮⣬ʵڣڴκԶһ㶦
˵ʺǿģǴκڸǵס
Ϊκʱ̣϶ܺȡ
ֻǹֻһκѾǳӴˣԺܶ˲Ǻڴκ֮⣬Ĺң˵κˡ
ȻЩȻûдģսȴٲ˵ġ
ʦЭȻܻ֯ԱǸ֮ˣ໥֮໥жȴ顣
ֹܻ֮£ҪάֱϵĺǰĹĶһ㶼١
СԪϵҲһӰ
֮УκĵʦЭףҲʼżˣܻž޴Ӱ졣
˲ҳƷӵߴʦʵĸ߼ʦ
κʵôôƷЩɻĿʵʵϴκĵʦЭʵѾԶʦЭ֮ˡ
ոշչʦЭⷽ棬治ܺʹκȣ֮һ̸ϡ
ӵǿʵĴκȻס
Ҳʦʵϣıȶ֮УǴκڵ׵ĵλҲֻǵʦЭᣬκ֮жƫģ˵һпʵ֮ʵĴκûбѡԽʺʱ򣬻϶ֻǱطء
СԪϣдʤĻҪʦȻǴκĴʦҲһ֮ȻǴǽʺӵеĴʦԶڴˡ˵ټϻҪشκһȥģÿȥҲ˶ѣҲֻܵˣһϣܹʦһͬǰǸʱ򣬳Ҳ֮ǰÿˣ
ƷˣϣҲֻóÿһЩˣûܻʤϾǴӵ˵ǴʦʵκԶˡ
ܲôѿѾˣڻʤ췽ҹ̷Ҫεʧ֮У۾飬һƲ۵ķ֣ܾظĽ
һ˿һȡɲã
Ʒ룬Ȼ˵ãҾȥμСԪᣬ֪ʲôʱʲôص㣡
Դϲ˵̫ˣ˳ʦļ룬ǽʵһεСԪᣬһºڱһ֮УһҾͽʦ
˳Ʒļ룬ǶʱʵûģԱߵĿײҲ¶˼˷ܵ顣
Ʒ˵ͷԼһ£ҲҪǰѰ˼Ϣǲڴκ֮гפġ
ƻҲ˹ʦķţҲʽڵƻĺڱ飬¸ҪСˣûҲӰ´ˡ
ͿԷ뿪ˣ
εСԪһĻᣡ
ʲôó治̫ѿǴûĵ飬ȻҪȥǾҪڣ
˳ҲԿ֮ϵʵ׷չʲôĵزˡ
ЩûкͿײԼ˵Щ˵ʣѾļˡ
ʦǴһôǵȹһʱԼأʵ
ԼȥͿˣʱ䣬˵ַȻȥƷֱ˵һµʱԣĺܣɲôʱ䡣
ǺãԼ׼·ˣ

ײ˱㾶ֱ뿪ˡ
ƷҲʼڴκ֮е飬Ƚһ˻ʹͻʵκ˵ԼҪ뿪顣
κĵǳӣ᲻óƷ뿪飬Ҳһ顣
ûȫȶ£ҲƷ뿪һ棬Ʒûиһ뷨ɵһԤõľ棬ƷȨͿԷɵĶˡ
ʦѵһҪ뿪ô޻ҪʦİκĻһ˵
Ʒǿһκ˵İҲõ˵췴ˣûңʵһģ
κļƷĿģɵЩΣϾͻָƽȻ˵ȻˣҲͲǿˣһʦڱչУ
ţԣƷЦЦ˵
κ˵֮󣬳Ʒٶȷ˳֪ͨ˳ҫ֮󣬾뿪˵۶СԪᡣ


1433 ҹ
뿪˵۶֮󣬳ƷδżȥСԪᣬٶ˵СԪ֮УңԶҲԲҪһʱͿԸϵ
鵤֮󣬳Ʒĸʵ˷츲صı仯ֻսʵ˾޴ٶȺ֮ǰҲ췭ظĲ
ǰҪȫϹȥҲҪʱ䡣
Ȼڣȫһ춼Ҫ
οڻһµʱ䣬ʱԣĺܣƷֱԲбϣһ·ɽˮ
Ϊ˵֮󣬺ͨһ£ȻĸҪԶԶͨʱ
ԶԶֻô򵥣һСأȻȻˣΨн֮У֮;
ȻƷνɽˮҲһ˵ɽˮٶʵ̫ˣ㲻Ԧݹ⣬ҲܹɵǧɽԽ룬ˮɺӼֱ練ơ
һ·ϣƷֻ࣬оض࣬Ϊ뵽˵֮˿۹֮ǰҲ֮
ЩǼ̳˵ʼ֮ҲȱģڳƷ˵ʵļֻһϿ⣬ϵȴҪԼ
򵤻ʵǰ֮δ
һ··Ĺ֮УƷҲڵȴϢκĳ͢Ѿ߸κĵϡ
Ȼܵ˾ҲκĵУԭܵ˾˾Ϊϻʵǣֻ̫ɱл
ܿ죬κľԼĸ֮˳Ϊܵ˾˾Ʒȥ߾ȫܵ˾е鱨Ѱ˼䡣
Ͼ̫ˣƷһ֮Ҳûа취Ѱңдκܵ˾ǾͲͬˣȻκĹ֮У͵ġ
ȴҲҵټȫ֣ܵ˾鱨ȫתȻͬ졣
Щ˼ϢһһĴ˳ƷУ
˼䣬ƷҲԼۣĿܾѾ뿪һƬ򣬷Ѱ䣬Ȼȴû˿䡣
ƷҪģҪ״ԼͷǺڰ֮еָ·ƣֻҪ˼֪Լ飬ȻͻǰĻҲͷ̫̫ˡ
֮ǰƷкܶҪ
º󣬴κ߾Աǧһɽһ֪ʲôʱ֮УƷУǰһѻȼգҹĻ֮е
Ҳ֪жûάˣѾƲ缱裬ѾڱһУ߾Ǳ
ƵݶǵסĿ籩ģȴ·һ֮£ڸ߿֮оͱˣһǰ㶼û
Ʒڻ֮ǰǰµʱ䣬ƾԼĽų̾ѾɽԽƽأ뿪˴κ
ܵ˾뿪κ֮ǰһ鱨һ鱨дǣһŵ֡
Щһ⣬֮еţлвٵպһţȻȲϾǽ̣ǻ϶ǵֽţʵǿ
е˼һʮţȫ˶˼ΧˣƷЦһЦ֮дżᡣ
˼걻ǽΧˣЩŶ֣ĿҲֻһҪֺþǽȻ
˼겻ڣƷΪδȻҪֻعˡ
һһɣʹ޹ڿʼˣʱüƷ˵
أüͷһһ󼱴ٵĽŲȴһӰһٶֱӴ˽Ȼһſ˵ϣһҲˡ
Ʒȥһʪ͸ӣֻıһ˵ĵˣֱӹᴩȫҪȫն롣
ȳƷô£ȴֻһ¡ȻȴֻͲǺ̵ܼĴűһնը˿
ƷĿɨ˹ȥưô֮Уһ˵Ŀܹ˳Ʒ
ֻһʿЩʿÿ˶һ£ɢżΪϢ䵽ǵϣҲǱһˡ
ǿµĿҲǸͷһɸߣֱͬһѰĿ
ƷԴ˵ǲİκ֮бƵƥ˵Էӽ֮ʣѪƥһĸѪֻ֮һ޵Ѫȴͨƥȫһˡ
˵ƥÿһƥǧҹа˰٣ֻһֻھгսһǼսġ


1434 ӽ
Ʒ̾һԼʲôɱˣ
ʣɴκߣһ·ǰСԪĵط˵һУһ
ͺˣϾһһԸΪתơ
һ¶˵Ҳһѵõķɣ
ȴû뵽С֮УȻ飡
˵ʲôȴǼʿɨһ֮˵㣬壬ȥѽѳģȥµˣԲñ֪⽣䵽ǵϣ
Ʒһǲ£ȻԷŹ
⼸ʿҼĵط޹֣޹ڵı־
û뵽ҲȥǣԼˡƷЦһ
ǸΪ׵ʿ˳ƷӣǱܵľ͸о˲̫ԾǻӦȴƷʳֱָָָϷһԼĪŰƴСС
ʱֻоһɱ֮һ֮С
ã֣
Ѿֱɱ˲ֱȶˡ
Ȼһ˲䣬շɹڰ֮зѳ룬Ѫը˿
ʱһĻǸʿ֮ͫ΢΢ֱŵĿǰ֮ˣȻʵҲѾ۷Ĵڡ
ˣȻ֣ҲƵǺ֣û뵽ȻӱƷ赭дնɱˡ
ǰһ֣һһ֡
ʿʱʶһ㣬Ҳû뵽֮УһˣȻܹԼ֮ϵͨ֡
ڸ߼Ĵڣ붼ģˣ޹Ҳһ˶ѡ
µʲôˣʱǸʿ쵹ǲˣǰԲǵܹ֮ǵġ
ڲҪҵݣеˣ޹ڵİɣƷһЦȻ˵
޹ڵĵӣʶ޹ڵǰôʿæ޹ڣȻʻԼԼĶв
ƷЦһ˵ˣҺ޹ڵĹϵɲãôûȤ˵˵Ǹʲôʲô
Ʒһֱ֣ӾͽиոѳĽץУͷβ赭дˮ
һöһöʵعӣҲ֪ʲôƳɵģֻǷǽΪϣһöСģֻ̻żΪӵĻƣէһֻǻƣǳƷȴóȻһ󷨡
ֻƺ޷һ󷨣϶Ҫʲô
ǸʿʱҲˣǰֻһǴ֣ƫƫֻº޹гġ
£ɱ޹ڵĵӣѵ޹鷳ôΪ׵ʿ
㿴µôƷЦһ˵
ʱʿ֮Уʣµļ˲֪ʲôʱѾ˳Ʒ󣬷˽
Ʒȫûвһ㡣
ȻǵĹ£ȻһֲʵǵĹ䲻ƷϣڳƷͷͱ赲סˡ
ƷֻһӣЩֱӾ͵ɳȥײĴһˣܿͱûĻ֮С
Ǹʿͫ΢΢彩ֱһ¶޷ˡ
ֻƷĿ⣬ֱС͵ĵ׶һεѹơ
պ˵ɣʲôȻҪɱڣƷЦţʿ졣
Ҳ˵ģ룡
˵ţʿȻҪԶϾڳƷǰɱ
ΨһˣҲóųƷҲһЦ
ǰЦôƷЦһƷֻǿ˶ԷһۣʱоԼԼˡ
·ȫȫסˣ
ָоʵ̫ˣƷûֻǿһۣγȫȫѹ
ᵤսܹģ
Ȼʱоʼ֪֮䣬ȻͽͳƷ˵ˡ
عһжѾ˳
ƷȻһöֻ켶ĳɱô򵥣ǣ޹ڵЩ˲ֻһСආѡ
ǶڽҲ֪Ĳֻ֪࣬޹׷ѰõĶΪһţǸȥӾ֮ˡ
ҲֻǸ׷ɱѣʲôǲ֪
е˼Ȼʲô֪ǾɣƷĦŽһۿȥʿԱϢ


1435 󷨸ԭջ
Ʒһö̻һӵĻƣЩӵĻƶӡŹϵ󷨡
Ʒ󷨵Ķ˽Ҳ˵һ֪Ҳû̫˽⣬Ȼһ˿϶֪ĶĶˡ
ó󷨣Ҫĳض£ܹתġ
Ӧֻĳ󷨵һֲŶԣ
أʱ򣬳ƷԺ֮еģʼɢһĹâڳƷǰԭֻǿֱ󷨣ͻȻʼ˳
ǰһֵΪģƾȻ˿Ƭ̼Ĺ򣬾Ȼǰγһ󷨡
ƷԼҲһ£Ȼŷ֣ǰһѾʧˣȷԼղſľԲǻ㱾»еġ
ڵļһصͼȻޱȵĸӣȴѾļ
ܿ죬ƷͿʼȶ˵ʵļ䣬лʼսϹ󷨵ļء
ʶȻóǱϾҲѾվڳƷ޷ĸ߶ȣʼս֮и¼ؼϡ
ܿ죬Ʒͱȶ˳ˣȻһ󷨡
һöϿ̻ŵ󷨣ֻеһСֶѡ
뵽ƷѾˣԭΪ⽣Ĳһ쾳缶ıأͨıأϾǱ׷ɱˣ׷ɱˣĿǰ˵ֵһᡣ
µıأÿһۣͨµıأ˵Ҳһġ
ҪĲƸԴ֣ߵȫһûһëֵǮ
ǰǸʿ˵ǣ޹ڵҲš
Ǿеˣ˵޹ȻǾǽһȻһĴ
ô˵Ҳ鵤ĸѰıҲãżҲãֳȻˮɡ
鵤ĸ֣⣬Ҳһͷûܹԣ
ڵĻӵ鵤ĸģͿĶӵλϵ鵤ĸǾ֮еһ
Ǿǽǰ㣬ӵһᵤϵĸģǳһҲס
ǴκڵڣʺڵĻȪڣи׽ľǽЩµȻ
ǲô˵־ԲС޹ҪôСģţ֪
Ҳ˵ĸ棬ô漰ıؿܷǳ˲á
һ㣬ӵ棬ͿԿĳˣԽѰĵܹó󷨡
⽣Ҳ󷨵һ֣֮⣬ӦûĽһ塣
ԭû󷨣ǲܴأǳƷڼȻѾ֪󷨣Ϳ취һ֮󷨻ԭ
ͲҪȥĽ
ڳƷ˵ϲĻͻȻڳƷ˵𾪵ġ
Ʒܹһ·ߵڣƣһǵʵļӴԴһ񣬶ڳƷԴԴϵĸ졣
򼴱ӵ˵ʵļ䣬ԳƷ˵ֻҲǸ޷⵽ز
һֱڳƷİһԵİһβһֻǿ󷨵һǣȻܹ˳ˮ۵Գܹ˵󷨡
кȻһĽˣӦþǳƷʵ˸һ
鵤֮󣬳Ʒĸʵ˷츲صı仯ĸĹܡ
ʶûܸ㶮ˣ˳ƷߣҲֻһһʹˡ
Ʒٶתӿ֮УȻǰڽϿ̻ŵٶĲ֣һ󷨸ǰ
ʱƣ󷨾ȻʼתʱƣԽתԽ죬ȻڳƷǰ󷨵Ϸһš
һŻĴ򿪣ͨһ磬һС͵ĴԪһ
ƷʱϲķߣǳƷ󷨵һ·쭣
Ƭ֮䣬Ѿʮ̵˽⣬ֻҪ㹻Ĳϣܹ󷨰ڳ
֮󣬳ƷֹֻͣоȻֻǶ̶̵ʱ䣬󷨵򣬺ͶڴҲ˲СķԾ


1436 ѹ޹
һֻǶ̶̵ʱѣȻӵջ񣬳Ʒɵôϲһĸգԭ˵ĵطҲٵĿʼ⣬ԭ֪תΪԼ⡣
ܵһ֮󣬳Ʒʱ˷ԶԶƺһֿ
ԭǿĲʵģȻڵĿ֮Ȼ⽣Ĳʡ
һöһΪɺʯɵģڳƷǰ⽣Ĺ̵Ϣ
һöһһɷɺʯͣڿ̻ϸӵ󷨵ȵȶϸķֽ˳Ʒǰ
һеһɼ
ʱƷΪ𾪣û뵽Ȼ뵽ƷæɽͼĿռ֮УóһöԪʱھԪҲԺ֮УƾԪҩģٵƾԪֶΣȫ˳
һжƷƾԪʱĹ̷ֺ
ԳƷʱľһ֮Ҳɵпϲ
ѹˣŴ֮ʲʱ֮УԻͣȻܹߵᣡƷжҲ˸һĲ²⣬شĹ۶ɡ
˵˵еͬ񻰴˵Уǰ֪֪꣬꣬ϵ£֪ĻǾûˡ
߱ȫͷų˵ܴﵽĵزؼһжܹ죬еĹܹΪ֮ãܣĲΣ˵Ļ
ЩǳƷƲ⣬ûʵݣǶĿǰ˵޷⿪⣬һö񾿾ôγɵģ
Ϊ۵ģȻģ
ΪʲôǷͳŴĻйϵ
Щʵ̫ˣڳƷ˵ʣǺͷ
ڳƷˣֻҪһȥһ죬ܹ⿪ؼһ⡣
һ֮УƷڲϵ³ֻоջǳһֱ꽥ͣЪƷŴֲ飬״̬֮˳
̶ֻһϣóƷ˷츲صı仯
ƷһЩ޹ڵĵ˵һƥսȻתͷ޹ڵķ򼲳۶ȥ
˳Ʒļӳ֣һƥս˵ǸоԴԴϵһ·ۣ磬һһҹʱ䣬һ޴ޱȵɽ֮ǰ
һɽɽ֮ϣԣԶԶıܹ
Ǳ޹ڣ
Ʒҡһ䣬ͱһĽģ֮ǰùף޳
˵Ϊ֮һ䣬ԭΪɲǼ䣬ͱһڳʵıˡ
ڻ֮£ᱻʶƣ
ƷҲԼϢֱͷ˳鵤ֵϢͷ˳³ƷֻͷһС֣ǶѰ˵ƸǶǵض
̣;޹ڣ޹ڵĻڴҲһˡ
޹֮еĵӼϾͷӦ˹׷׷˸߿գȴһӰһһ˹
żΪµķϢֻԶԶܹоһɿµǵصѹ
ÿǰһ޹ڵĻڴھҵĶ
˿ƷһһʱֻоƤֱ·ڿʲô޴Ĺһ㡣
֣ǵ֣
һͨĸһӷӦ˹æ
ôе޹ڣ
˰ɣѵһ֮ͿԹ޹ô
ǵ֣Ҳܵİɣ
˺ܽţȴô£ΪǶ޹ڵ֮УǵҲ˵ļӹ̣һ鵤ĸҪ빥ƣҲܡ
޹ڵĻڴ޹ڶЩķչ޹ѾչһСУ涼޹ڵĵԼӵΪ޹ڵӷ֮ˣѾǵĹģ
ߺˣͨĸִһ
޳Ʒƽ˵ȴͬըһ㣬ÿ˶ɫܱߣƷĹǻĲ˼顣
޳ɽдɱǸô
ǽ̺Ȼҳ
ΪʲôҪǵ鷳
۷׷ףǰʱ䣬Ʒɽֵ֮췭ظɱ㣬ŭǽȻĴѰҳƷ䡣


1437 ƻڴ
ʱ䣬Ʒص˴κ֮Уڴκ֮˾κˣǶ˵Ǹ֪ҪҵǸн޳ˣڴκ֮κ˵ĳƷ
ǵѰע޹ģǶ޷ƷαװȻҵƷˣ
ȻڣƷȴǵע⣬ǻעƷΪʲô
ÿһ˶֪޹׷ɱ˼ģֲεսҲܹĵģ
ʱ޹һϵ
޳ΪΣ
Ʒһ˵Ϊʲôѵǲ֪ô
޹¶ʱһƬȻ⽣޳ʦһʱ⣬ȻҲף޳Ե޹ֻǲ֪ʲôԭ
޹ڵĵкܶˣǴӳƷĻ֮Уܹ²⵽ܶ顣
ǲ֪ǰʱ䣬޹ٳѰ˼飬⽣޳ոճֱ˼йأ˶ѲµΪ˼֮ǰѰˡ
ǸĬ˺ܾ֮¿˵߻üٷȥֻ߲ˣ
ƷЦЦߣ˭סңӦþ޹ɣҽΪ£Ӧú
ΣǸ˵һӰ޹ӶһӣһۣȷǷ
޹ĳ֣޹µĵӶʱҲ׷ġ
ˣǲõ޳ˣ
޳ѵΪܹ޵ô
ŭأ߲ˣ
˷׷ҪƷ
ǸȴǿԼľȣƷôֵĴʲôǷĴ
һǳ˺˲Ż㲻ܲ˵ĴţΪһûзӦĻɾͻ˶Ц
ȻǵȴûκһǰҪӡ
Ѿ˵ˣк֮ܶǰƷĴ˵ǿʵʵս˵ɱһ֮ȵòͷǴɱķɱǽ֡
ֿǳɱ
ʱƣԽԽ˳ƷĿֲսɫ׷׸űˡ
ǰһɲʲôƲ磡
ܼ򵥣ԲðɣȫʬڣвΧɱˣͳͳԲãƷ˵
ʱ޹һȻ׷׶ųƷŭĿӣƷȻҪڵĸ߲Բãֱ̫
̫ˣΪ˭
Բã̫˰ɣ
򣬿û
˷׷״ԳƷüԡ
Щ˵ĽƷһֻۣۿ޹
ǲưոˣ
޹ĿųƷҲóƷ߲ơ
ֻһѰ鵤£ʵǿһЩĵͷϣҲܹκεʮֵš
ǳƷȴ֮ͬǰɽ֮дɱ飬ν˾֪˵̶ʱ֮ھѾ⡣
Ҫ֪Ҳܣ
вûܹܳƷİգȻͶˣ
Χ˼ʱȷʵһݣȻʱûĺ֢Ȼôֲһ֡
ưոݣĸֲҵֵȻ㲻ԸԲõĻҾ·ˣ
ƷЦһ
ڴ֮ǰҵе㣬֪ʲôͷƷ˵
˳Ʒƾճֵһö޹ʱɫһ䣬û뵽ѾǾСĵ͵ˣȻȻ䵽˳Ʒϡ
©ƫҹ꣡
ԭȻ䵽ϣȰ㻹ǽⲻܹģ޹ҧ˵
ھȻпչҵ飬ҿ̫ˣƷЦһ޹ӱֻ֪²ܴĿʳʲôˡ
ҲνͼѾԺ֮УֻҪ㹻ĲϣַӾܹ󷨣Աܿơ
ȻƲԳԷƣǾɣ
Ʒһ̯ƣ֮ϣһŽڷٵתɲǼĹ򣬾Ѿһھ޽һھ޽ɲǼӭǣɳĳȣ͵һһھ޽ն
¡
һֲĺն޹ڵĻڴ֮УƬ֮䣬һ£޹ڵĻڴԳƷʱ򣬸Ƕֻ֣һѣѾնơ


1438 Բð
޹ڵĻڴһӴķϵ˵鵤ĸҪҲǸ飡
ǳƷˣֻƾһֱӽ޹ڵĻڴƿˣ
޹ڵʱֺ֮Ȼ飬⽣޳ȻȴлҪҪʮϡ
ֻԴгƷʵģΪֻҪ޹ڵĻڴΪƷı죬Ҳܹκεǡ
ֻҪСһЩȫϵǽ̵ĸָ֧Ԯ
һʼȷǸ֮ǰɽǴɱĽ޳ʱѾǽ̷ԮϢΪ̫ˣƷΪʲô
˵Ǻ͵˼йأ
ǱܲһģҪ˳ƷܣҲֻǽ̡
˾ǽ֮⣬ֻ¸ûܹԸ޳
޹ں;ǽ̱Ҳйϵģ˵Ǿǽ̵ѣˣҲϾǽ̵ٽ˼ôһ鵤ĸֽΧˣ
ȻڳƷĳȫĲû뵽ԼҵĻڴ󣬾Ȼ˵ĲһڳƷһ֮£Ѿնˡ
޹µĵҲ±ˣǵҲ¶˼־ֵ飬ΪΪΪĻڴûôڳƷǰֱǲһ
ôܣڴô˲һ
ʲôΪôܣ
Ҳţǻڴ󰡣
ھ±֮˶һӷӦ˹ͬը˹һ˼ĿǰһĻٿƷʱ򣬼ֱڿһһ㡣
ͬʱоڱƽϢ
޹סǽ̵ĸֺܿͻˣֻҪסһʱͿˣ
ʱ޹һ˵
ʱ򣬴޹֮Уֱӷɳһ˸ͨĸ֣óһ󣬽ƷΧס
ЩȻÿһڵǰۣһ˴֮ȴ㹻ֲˣܹвһĵ֡
ɱ
Щͨĸִһһ˲ѾųƷɱ˹תʱ䣬γһ¿ֲĿ񳱣һ˵ȫ۶ɣһֲޱȵӰֱӳųƷ

ЩˣƷֻЦһȻ͵һӳˣһâշӶ͵һնȥ
أ
ȴֻһ޴ĺǾ޴ޱȵӰƷնһͨĸֶʱֻоһɿֲǵϡ
ǼһҽУһѪ̲ס˳˲䵹˳ȥ
һ޹󼸺ɲǼ䣬ͱƷƣ
ţȴƷһնâշ˳ѳһ˵նȥ
ݣ
ݣ
ݣ
â׷ȥͬһɨһ˸ͨĸֱƷһȫն
ЩնĸѪѪֱ䵽޹ڵ֮ϡ
˶ɵˣܶЩͨĸѪһһͷβѪˡ
ǶĿתĿһĻɵˡ
ǵ֮зһԶƵĿ־壬ǿһ˸ͨĸֲ֣һ˿ôײˣЩֿ˵޹ڵĺĺм
ɵ󣬿˵ԿѰĵҲ˿ȻڱƷնˡ
һѾȫȫǵ֪ˣΪʲôڶֵǰѾûκˡ
ΪѾԽܹŤתľ棡
㾹Ȼң
޹һȫķҪȫƷƴˣȴһâɨ֪ʲôʱ򣬳ƷĹȻһ䵽ϡ
ƷʲôʱֵĶûиһֱƷһâɨŷӦ˹
أ
޹ֱһն˳ȥؿ˲䱻նһƬѪģ
ۣ
޹ݺײɽ֮ϣɽײ˷ĩǿͣҵʹٶŤһ
ʱʶˣͳƷĲжӺڵǣΪʲôҪӦǽ̵ĺҶ˼Χˡ
˼겻һûκθ׵ɢ޶ѣһɢôܹԿ˾ǽء
˭֪ȻǳôһµĽޣ
ǴʱѾûκڵĻˣ޹ô괫ĻҵҲ˻һ
Ʒȴûгˣʤ׷ֻǵ˵ղѾˣѾˣҽܣЩ׷ɱ˼ԲãҷŹ޹ڣ


1439 ׷Բ
ʱƷ޹¶ĬˣûͼáƷ֮ǰǻáΪóƷֱǲ
ȻѾˣƷ˵ĵȷʵʵǽ޹³¾һգҲ޻֮
оǽ̵ľԮԳƷֲεĸ֣ȫԽ޹֮Ϻŵǿȫɱ⣬Ҳý޹ɱ⣬޹ھͻ᳹ױ
Ǻʵ飡
뵽ǲɵоȻ˼ֶԹޣǲҶԳƷԹޣΪ֪ƷҪɱǲһ仰飬һֻҲûʲô
Թ޵ǣΪʲôҪĹ
λΪһ֮еĸ߲ΧǸ˼˵飬ŻյĴš
Ȼ֪뷨ԣǾǲĲӵ뷨
ʱȫһƬһļž˶ڵ޹ľ翹ôŶҪΪĸ翹
޹ֱ³һѪȻЦһ˵ѵһеѡô
վǺݲ޹ںԼһͬᣬȻȷʵĹܺˮ죬ˣʣҲȷʵǴڵģȴģ
ţҵ޹˷ܶ˲֪ŷܶĻҵ
۾˵ʦǰŽڣȴټ޹ڴˡ
ҿԸ㽣ܣҲԲãҪģŹ޹ڣ޹ĶųƷĻҾҲܸܽ㣡
Ʒ˵ͷ˵ֻҪ㽫ܸңֻҪԲãҿԷŹǣ
ڳƷ˵û㽫޹¾һգȻִϣи֮ʣȴҲһɱ˿ħ
ûбҪɱ¾ǲֵģ
֮޹ڣһΪ˽ܣΪ˸˼걨ĿĴﵽˣôɱ¾Ҳû塣
޹µĺ⣬͸νˣЩٶҲܶʲôвŽ޳ףǾԹҲֻԹ޽޳
ųƷ䵭ı飬޹֪òųƷȻʱҲѾûжѡˣųƷ޹¾·һ
ǺãҸ㣬ʵǹϵϹʱͳιһƬ׽ڣ׽ǳǿڵĽʺκƬ⣬׽ڵͳηΧ֪ʲôԭ׽ûˣ֮ţһֱûҵ׽ıڣһö˵Ǵ׽ڵıԿ֮һ޹Ǿʵʵ˵Ʒ֪ʱͳƷˣۣƷһ㲻ԣ޹ͳͳڳƷС
ҲԼ̣ǳƷĶֻ֣ҪƷнϢȥôиҵ
Ǹʱ򣬳Ʒڱ˵ϣϣ󣬵Ҳһϣ
ǾԲֳģ±Ʒ
Ʒǵ˵ͷԭӣѹˣ
׽ڵʵȷʵףϿŵĴ󷨵ĲκԣԽ鵤ǽᵤĲΡ
һĳֲε󷨸֣
ȻֻֻƬƷҲܹܵ׽ڵǿ󣬾Ȼ˿ֲ
ڵǿ˹ȫǵ׽ͳ֮أ֪ǿʲôĵزˡ
Ҳ֮нϢ¾ͻ᲻ֶߣʱֻ»ٵĸֵ졣
η壡
ѰĵٲֻͲ˶ѣ
ǰͲɱģ
ֻҪ΢һףûϵóˣ޹ĵСȴν
ȻˣԲðɣƷ䵭˵ǲŪң˭ˣ
ϣ˵
޹˵ţתȫķȫͬһ޴ޱȵ¯һ˲ȫը˿Ѫꡣ
ʱ޹µбˮǵΪ˱סǣԲ˳Ʒǰ
ЩһΧ˼İ벽ĸҲվ˳ʱǲԸ⣬ȫҲӦ
أ
أ
أ
Щ벽ĸַ׷Ա˵ǰ
һ̲סǰѹתҪߣܹĹƷĽ
ɨĽ£ֱ벽ĸն롣


1440 
һӴܶߵİ벽ĸնɱ֮˴ε޹֮УҲǳˣ
Ѿõ˽ܣȻֻһЩܴԵϢҲ͹ˣϾ׽ֻѾܾúܾˣ⽣ϢѾˡ
漴Ʒһ޹ЩҶһµֱ̤֮Ŷݹ뿪
޹֮⣬ʮ˼ΧˣҪһһȥ
ڿųƷ뿪֮޹µᣬ֪ÿ޺ûǸЦã޵һҹ֮䣬޹ڿ˵ʧأ벽ĸҲֻʣˣôûˣͨ˴롣
˵һҹ֮䣬޹ڵĶ̮ˣ
ϲǣǾȻˣûбƷһͬնɱⲻܲһϲĸо
û̸ͬһĿֲ֣Ǹ˲ͷǵٶ࣬ԳƷʱֻҲ϶ѡ
϶ҧ飬ڵģ
ɽɣ޹ڴӽ쿪ʼɽ꣡
޹½ļ벽໥һ֮󣬺ܿ˾ʱҲΨзɽܱܷͷˡ
Ͼ޹ôԼеҲ֪˶ˣĿɽˣֻ֮һϵеķ꣬Ψзɽܷͷˡ
Ʒһ֮޹ڵҲһ˵ٶȴ˳ȥ
ûõʱ䣬޹ⲻԶõϢľǽ̸֣ڸ
ȻǳԾǣڵõϢĵһʱѾˣǾȻǸϲϳƷ޹ڵٶȣȵǸϵʱ򣬳ƷѾʧˡ
ֻһƬǽ޹ڣ
Ҳ޹ڲдԱĿе֪ľƷֳľսǼʶľǽ̸Ҳֻ·Ǽ˹һ
Ʒֳսʵ̫ˣ
Ʒ޼ɵĳ֣Ҳþǽ̵ĸֱס
ھǽ̸ֱ׵ʱ򣬳ƷѾһţͬʱϢôκܵ˾Ѽһй׽ڵϢһݽ
Ʒܿ죬Ѿϵ˵ڶţ޹ڵĵλ·𣬲ֻһ鵤ĶŰˡ
ǼˣȻǸһƬһ
ȻԳƷʱɻûκλ֮Ʒɾ˻ڴ󣬽ǵƵԲ˵ǰ
ͼŸ߲ҲƷһն
һеٶʵ̫ˣǵڳƷǰϢʱ䶼ûܹŵĹȥ
ѰͨͰ벽ɵĴƷһжûֱܹӱɱ
һɵ̫ˣȸոյõϢľǽ̸ָٶȻҪ졣
ȵǽ̵ĸָʱֻֿһƬǽĳ棬ʱıס
ϾЩΧ˼ţǺ;ǽŸָϵģ˵ǵ
ǽܹټưԣĵȻһ֮лЩССѡ
ȻھȻƷ̶ʱ֮ң˵涪
ͬʱĻðɣ
һʱ䣬ǽ̶ʼǽ̵ĸֿʼѰ˳Ʒ䡣
Ǳ˼ֻͣҪܹṩƷڵܹϰƷʯĽͣץסƷߣһƷʯ
ͣôҲϺŵģһŵвƸҲӵĳ̶ȡ
֪ǽ¶ڳƷжô
˴ֱʵͣ˵һź͸߲
ǽưô꣬ñ˳ԿʲôʱܹǳôĿˡ
Ǻټ飡
±ƷֻǾǽ̵Χ֮һֻǺ;ǽһЩϵǾǽµ
ΪڸֱǳĴˣ
˶ʱʼ׷Ѱ˹ڳƷ׽޳ϣֻôѰңȻͽ͵ģΪҲһ˿һڽ޳Ϣ
˵޳Ĵڣֱϵһ
ڴ֮ǰûһ˿һĺۼ鱨ѼȻҲҲһǰϡ
øʮֵˣƷǺηʥȻܹþǽ̶γԱ
£ѰҳƷ֮УֻЩͼͣЩҪֺþǽ̣еҪ£Ըǽ̡
ȻҲǽԸǴĵѰҳƷʱһűƷһҹ


1441 һ֮ɱ˵
һαţɲ޹ֻһ鵤ĸĶš
һʵʵһţ֮鵤ĸ֡
Ҳһõ˳ƷϢȻҲףͬμΧ˼ҲǳƷĿꡣ
׼
һŴ󣬽ƷΧסҪסƷþǽ̵ĸܹǰ֧Ԯ
ǺܿˣڳƷֵεĸֵǰʲôֶΣм˶ûκ塣
һ鵤Ҳã鵤Ҳã鵤Ҳã
鵤Ҳã鵤ڣ鵤ڣ鵤۷壬ڴʱսѾͻƵ˽ᵤĳƷǰûκͬĲһ
ΪܹͳƷȻɵŴڳƷǰоͱƣȻһ˲ʮУƷͽӲնɱ
ڳƷ˾˵ǰ֮ʣµĸ֣ﻹҵֿЩΧ˼İ벽ͨ۷ĸַ׷׶Ա˳ƷǰЩ㲻ԸԲõˣҲֵ֮ı֮²òԲá
ϾʣµЩŵĸֿûвμӹΧ˼飬ȻԸΪᡣ
ǳƷ򲻽Ҳ֧ЩˣǳƷ̶̼оͽ֮еĶͷնɱҲɲǲͬ⡣
Ҳֻ˧
ϾҲ֪ƷĿֻЩΧɱ˼ˣ˲û̫Ȥ
µҲ·ߣ
ȵǽ̵ĸָϵʱͬһƬĳ
Ƕ̶ʱ֮ڣѾţһһţ
һʱ䣬޳֣ʼⶼʼ𶯣
һ֮ţºͳƷûйڵоͬо֮³ƷͻȻһ
͸˵֮ʣµʮˣ̻پǽ̷ԮϢ
ŵĲ״Ҳͬɣ
һĸо
ͬ˼Χ˵ǣȻҲףƷŹǣ޷ֻʱѣ
Ȼǽ̴ʱҲͬæµĽͷö¾ǽӳưȻҪѰһˣڹ֮УȻһִĸо
̥ȴͬʱʼѰ˳Ʒ
ۻʲôĿģǶҲƷһ˿һ䣬鱨鲼⣬ܹʱòòĳƷ˵ȴû˿ô
ǵ̽´ӳƷ·ҲϲǸѰҵĳƷ
£ǽ̵ĸֶ̳֮гѰҳƷ䡣
ȻֻǧǧշĵþȫҲȻҲƷ䣬ͳͳڳƷǰʧЧˡ
ڸĸ֪֮Уͷ·ǳƷһʧһ
ǽҲﲻʣµʮ
ʮҲǵһʱ俪ʼԼʼȫƷĽ
һʱ䣬ŴȫˣȻ˻ڴ֮ÿһĻѶΪƣȻʱҲûбİ취ˡ
˭ǵµǿء
ǿ߿ʼ˼˳Ʒ˼꾿ʲôĹϵ˼ƾðһͻȻһӾͳ˵֮С
󶼲鲻ĸڣ𾪣
ƷҲͬˣ·Ǵʯͷĳһ֮ǰûκεĺۼǴڹȴǲ۲۵Ĵ֡
֮£˶ڳƷĺҲվ
ھǽȫѰҳƷʱ򣬳ƷĶҲû˿̶ֹͣʱ䣬ĸűƷһеĸֺ޹һȫƷ¾߱ƷƵɱ
ûһܹ⣬ΪĻڴԳƷʱ򣬸޵ֿ֮һܹչżնֻҪƷʩչڶУôڴȻȻľͻᱻƷն
һʱ䣬ⶼĬˣԳƷֿµĴڣһֵĸо
һ֮ǹƥܹһʲôĸǾ˵Ʒһ˾һս
Ĵڣûܹ̹Ȼԣ
ʣµѾ׵ˣ֪ǹƥܶԿħɵȫۼۼһţɽɵפ֮С
Ʒ¾ͨƺҲûȤĿȫЩ֣ȻˣҲͷ˸Եţȫɽɡ


1442 ս
Ʒһ֮ɱĵ
بûе飬ǿͬǽֲֿ̽ĴڣҲὫĵز˶˵ھǽⶼƵ˶档
ǲ
ǶڳƷĶ˵νˣŶûУ鷳Ҳֻ鷳ƷټץܹԸ˳Ʒء
οҲֻһ׶ѣڳƷ˵Ȼ˼ˡ
ʼڳƷмֺ棬ڶڳƷʮֵļɵΪֵ̫ǹƥĶжвˣ
ﶼʼǳƷԺ͵Χ˼¼ûйϵֵĻƷϾͻΪʸ֮ġ
Ҫ֯һԳƷˣ
ڸ֮ԻסҲΪƷڳֶܿƣֻҪƵЩֹԲãµŶûдɱ䡣
ԳƷķɱ¾˿ڿԿƵķ֮£ɱ޹Ͳڱԡ
ϾƷֳսֱǿ˿µĵز˲²⣬Ʒ˵Ѿ˽ᵤľ֮С
һʼֻЩ˵ĴƲ⣬ųƷƽƵһ֮˵ˡ
ϾܹزģҲΨнᵤĸˣ
ᵤĸ֣ⶼϵͳߣѰ鵤һ¡
ֻǲ²ѣҲ㹻ǶڳƷޱȵļɵˡ
һʱ䣬ڳƷĸϢҲɣʲôʲôطֳ˳Ʒټʲôʱ˿˳Ʒ
ЩϢһĴÿһϢþǽ̵ĸַ׷׸ʱ䣬ǽڸصĴԴԴϵã˵ȥõĴҲû̶̼ʱõĶࡣ
Ҫ֪ÿһδģʹô͸֣ҪĵԴʮ־˵ģǾǽ̱ĵʮ˵ãɵйֻҲǾܲסҹͣʹô
ǼˣҲÿÿ˿գֻܿųƷѸײڶ֮ƣЩ漰˼¼
ƷһǹһڵҲǽ̵ûðɡ
ǿƷ϶ΪǾǽ̵ĸ֣ԲŲҺ棬Ǵλ
һֻһñ˸ץץӰ
ǽ̵ĸַ׷ŭƷС
ǽ޳ֻһС֮ˣǾǽһս
޳ɸһĳһս
Щǽ̸ֵĽƷûκλӦ˼ֻĬĬİԼļƻһһȥ
ЩŸû˿֮˵ֻҪƷˣǾ·һ
ǻ֪Ʒʵǿʲôĵز
ڣʣµҲܲˣַ׷뿪ԼţɽɣһҪɽƷһսӡ
ЩʣŵĸɽɣǾǽ̵ĸҲǸߵפɽɣҪٰһԳƷĴᡣ
ĿģΪҪƷ
˾ǽ֮⣬һͬǰμӣߵĽһ˳
˿ʣǶԳƷս飡
ǽѾܹ˳ƷûҪϹһۣƷƳ
һʱ䣬ӿûҪһսģɳ˸߲ǰνȺӢ͡
ڵһУҲֻʣһˣƷǷǰᡣ
ԳƷ޵ǳƷĻǵѪҲͰ׷ˡ
ͬģƷҲһǧɣ˿ǳƷˣҲζţƷ޵Уôͬһ
һɽ֮УƷһö֮мӴϢֻͨϵĸֲܹ򣬱鼮˵ϢҪĶˡ
Ȼļ۸ҲǲˣڵĳƷ˵ʲô
֮ϼŵǴκ֮й׽ڵϣֻǼǴκ֮й׽ڵɲǺܶࡣ
Ϊڴκ֮ǰǸ֮ǰ׽ھѾˣһΪңԶţκ֮ҲһЩŵĴǺ׽йϵ
ȻֻǴʦżȻõһִжѣ̸׽ڵĵϵˡ
󣬾ûеϵˣ
ϼ׽ǿһʱǺΪ֪ԭûˣض˹룬
ֻ׽ڵű䲻


1443 ˵
Ӵκ֮иǺ޹˵Ǻˣ޹ǴӦûûģ
׽ǿŵı֮УӦвٵĺöΪ൱ڽʺκȻ
ܻҪǿĿֲڣ
ϼأ׽Ϊͳĵط֯ǧŴѪľӣӵϰ
˵ѹķĪҲӣ
ûһܹս׽ڵĴڣ
ǺĪԼ˥ˣ¸ûĻᣡ
ҪŪű֮еʲôԼȥһ̽ſԣ
Ƕ֮ˣ
ڶڳƷ˵ҪȻǾǽ̺ŵĻˣ
Ȼףǽ̺ŵĿģΪ˴ޱǿӡ
ţ˵ŵĸҶˡ
ܹ޵񻰣ôΪҲ֣ܳǸʱܾͻȫŵΧˡ
ƷĻ͵ǰˣԼ޵񻰡
ǾǵȦ֮У
˵ⲻıı
ı˷ʤֻҪСһЩϵĻǾûκˣ
ıĻûϵϵ⣬ΪҲϵϵ⣡
ııƷһĨЦЩҪֶνƳⲻ֪˳Ʒ»ʲôıԣýӵ㹻ʵĻϣ
ãһãҪһһҹȥˣƷ룬ó罫Щź;ǽ̾ۼĸͳͳ֮ȥμСԪᡣ
뵽ҲͲԥˣݹ⣬ԶӶȥ
ʱɽڵɽ֮Уͷܶޱȵ֣Ʒ⣬ɱ¾췭ظ
ɽ֮սܾܿһս˶һ֮սʤΡ
Ǳֳ˾ʵ޷𿹺ͷĳƷǿͬǽ̵ʵӿ£
ĸ߲㶼յ룬㲻ۏˮҲ˸ǰ
ӳƷֳĿֻҪǲ֣ӦòڱƷԡ
һʱ䣬ɽɳĽ㣬ġ
Щյĸ֮⣬˲ֵģӸظ
ɽȴҲܲдһʱ䣬ɽ³֮еĿջȫΪ
ڻ˵һ죬׷׸ɽ϶ȥռһλá
һʱ䣬ɽɽ£ͷܶͷ
⽣޳Ҳ̫ˣҪսǽ̵ͳελô
Ҳûܵģ˵Ʋ⣬ֻʵпнᵤ𣡡
ⲻܣǵõ鱨ǽ޳Ҳ鵤ѣǽᵤûнᵤֳֵף
ҲŻͻðһᵤĸ֣Ͼǽޣ޵Ĺ˵ͬһսֵĸǿһЩҾǿģ
ΣҲˣֵĻ¾·һɣ
۷׷ףƷ˵ʵ̫ˣʵ·ȻԺ֮ǰ֪Щȫͬ
˵ʵ̫ͬѰˡ
ҿ϶ǲҳֵģ˲ô
¼֪ҳֵģ֮ǰѹҺ;ǽ̵ĸ棬ɼʵһ޵ģھǽ̵ĸֶڴˣʲôܷ죿
˸ųƷҳ֣Ҳ뷨
ǻЩ˵Ŀ졣
ҵǲôΪ⽣޳Ϊû֪ܹʲô飬Ǿ֣˵Ҳδ֪
Ҳо˵֣ĻһҲûʲôˣָ֣ǽѵǧշô
۷׷֮ʡ
ɽɵĻ֮УԼĪʮſϢĸֶڴ֮С
ЩÿһϢɽһ£γǿǿϢǵϢҲѰͨĸֻ˵
Щ˵ΪӴͨĸ֣ˡ
Щֵǰ˵һƬž
Ҳʮֵľ޴ܹٵĸ֣
ȻǻˣɽŪʮϲ죬·𵱳һ޴ٰ졣
Ƕڳĸ˵ǶһεĻζʲôҪһһ֮ѹŵĿ¹￪ս


1444 һԳƷ޵
Ѱˣ鵤ĸ֣ҪսôˣѰ·⽣޳ǵĸоȴȫͬġ
ֶ̫ˣǵˣ鵤ĸΧһ
þǽоԮʱ䶼
Ȼ˵ǽ޵ĹԶʤһߣĵزȴҲ㹻Ǹоˡ
⽣޳ڴˣ֮Уֻ˶ء

ǳƷϷŹǣҪƵǵΧ˼Բãǿͷ˺ͳƷԵĴˡ
ĸ֣ܲȻþǱ
˴ʱѾ׵׵ĺˣĲ뵽֮УǽһӶѣŻϾǽٽ֣Ȼ˭֪˼ûɱôһµĹ
˶Ŀ⿴λõľǽ̵ĸ֣Ͼ˵Ǿǽǳġ
Ǿǽ̵ٽɫ⣬Ҳ͸кˣ˻Ҫôĺ
һԼĪģӣüĿԿóʱҲһӡ
ɢһּΪѹֵϢӥһ㡣
ʮֵĵԣֽĿɨ˹Ҳ¶˼ε飬ǾǽѲ˸ϵΣʱѾû·ҲܷűƷնɱ
ĻԺ˭ҸǾǽ̻죬ֻ´ҶҪԶԶģǽ̵Ҳһǧɡ
ʱѾµ˳Ʒ棬ȴһһʮŵˣڴǾǽ̵
˵ǰ㵨ˣֿʼһϵе飬ѹ¾ǽ̸֣üһţôܻ˵ĵС
ǵ죬ǽ̷
ΪˣȷˣƷǾǽʾͬʱи;ǽ̵˭ٸҸžǽ̻죬³
ЧȻҲʮģԾǽ̵룬ƽһӦľǽ̴ʱȻӦȣǱƷɱˡ
ɾأǺ֪ƷǲǾǽ̵Ķǲ֪Ҫǲһ
̶ʱ㹻նɱĹ˭ǣ
ھǽ̲ò³ԸƷ
ֽƻĶƫƫʵָߵ˵ĵز˴Żϡ
ʱҲǸɵǳһϵе飬֪ʱԹûκεô
ŸǾǽ̶ǵҲǾǽ̣Ҫóһ˵ɣʱһ鵤ĸվ˵
ڳʮ֮УֻʮŵģʣµȫǾǽ̵ĸ֡
֪ǽ̵ʵжôǿֻһֵʵȴҲżҪǿ̫ˡ
ǵɹٽǽܲ޶԰ɣ޳ֺʵǿǹ̽ƥУǹ֣̽ǻнɢˣʱɽɵŻ˵
ŵĸֶ϶¶˼ֲ顣
ʱɾǽ̵ٽ𣬵Ϊǽ̵ĽȻ¶棬ɸűƷ¾
ҲʮֲϾҲֻѣֵǾǽ̣ڷǽû££еĲս
ǹֵ̽Ļ·һǻʲô˵ģ
ͣҵЩˣֻ»δĶ֣
ŵĵַ׷׿˵ǵЩͨĸȻû˵ȻҲͬ뷨ġ
ʱŸüͷ΢ȵʲôأѵǾǽôεô˼ʱ²ûܹ˵ϣȻ˼Ҳ֣ܳϽϽλӦ֪ǽ޳һֻҪҳ֣ǲѷɣ
ԣʱһ񣬶ھǽ̵Ͻǻ֪ģǻ׵ʱǽ̵ϽѾˣΪϣŽǽ̽λôεĽ
ȻˣǺʣһᵤĸ֣
ǳƷȻднᵤʵȴ˴Ʒֵʱûнᵤֳֵףһ鵤
ֻҪ鵤ƾƷжҲһ
뵽ǵ϶¶˼ϲɫͬʱҲ΢΢𾪣ǽ̿Ǻ޼ƷΪ˶ԸƷ˵ĴУѾ˵Ͻˡ
һ֣һԳƷ޵


1445 Ʒ֣
֪оǽϽһսǶʱࡣ
Ѱ˿ܲףǶǵ֣鵤ͽᵤ֮Ĳֱ࣬Ե㡣
ƷֻҪ˾ǽϽǱȻ·һ
û뵽ǽϽȻţǴѾô
ϰǰѾ֮λνʱѾˣû뵽Ȼڻڣ
ǽǿ£ľȻϵĽᵤ򣡡
ǽ̽ʲô飬Χ˽޳֮սȻҲ޷֣
Ϊȷʤ֮󣬶ʱҲɵĶˣɵСĿʼ
˾ǽϽ֮ʤ͸̫ˣ
ҪڵһߣȻ󽵵ͣ
Ͻ˼ʲôʱܸϵʱʵ
Ÿ˶Էһֱۣӿ˵˼ѾˣҪֵʱȻ֣ǲܴݾߣǱǽ޳õϢǿôãϾǵС󣡡
˵ţŸЦҲŴЦ·ƷĵСһ㣬֮ǰĽŷΧҲһɨա
϶¶˼ϲ顣
Ȼǽ׼ôҲͷˡ
⽣޳ҳֵΣʵ
ʱĵƷҳֵĻǶǰ׼ôࣿ
ģǽ޳ҳ֣޵ҲˣǸʱ¼˶ףҲˣǸʱҲѹˣŸЦһ˵ٹһʱ䣬ǽڳҲԳֶԸټֻҪΣͺסϢȻһ
ҲǣǳƷҳ֣ǷΪ£Ļʱɾǽ֣̽Ҳʡˡ
ߣ⽣޳ȻǾǽ̣·һˣ޷ǶQһʱѣ
ŽһЦ˵
ԽջˣҲõģҳҲˣҳ֣ķĹ
˵һӺҲɱ˳Ʒ֮δϵõǿܡ
Ʒǿ󣬸˵أ˵У϶̺ܶܡ
ʼ˹ϷֳƷܵ顣
Ȼʱڴʱɽɵɽ£һµסһɽɵĵӣʵ˼ɽɵʲôط
Ǹɽɵĵӱסʱʮֲͷ˵ʲôңѵϹô㲻֪ڻ˶Ը޳ô
֪ǸЦЦ˵Цǳ⡣
㻹ʲôҲ˭ΪͿԼôɽɵĵ԰˵
ȻɽֵĺˣҪֲŸҶԸƷ
ҲΪҪԳƷôһѰǰɽţǻһ߸ϵĴ
Ҳ̫֪ߵغˣɽɵͿԼô
ӦûǿԵģǲڻ˶Ը޳ôˣҾǸ޳
΢΢һЦ˵
ǽ޳ҲСʲôǽ޳ǸɽɵĵӶʱ˳һʼûӦͷӦ˹ֵĿǰĳƷ
ʱ֮УƷЩ²֮УΪһɱħˡ
ϾһţǺεȿµĴڣ
ϲ֪Ʒзִ磬ɱ޹Ƕ²˵ǵϢԴǧٹ֣˲ϵĴѾζˡ
Ʒͱһͷ۵ɱħ
û뵽ǣƷȻôǰ뵽ڳƷĴ˵ֱҪιȥˡ
ᱻƷһ
Χ˶ʱҲŵùǺԭַǷĳ棬һ˲ȫ
˶û뵽ƷȻûֱӷȥЩ鷳ǻ켣֮С
뵽ղŻ˵ƷĻʱӦöƷˣɵսս±Ʒֱһˡ
ʱȫһƬžţ
ŵˣƫƫǸҲӣȶʹˣ
ƷʱҲеƣôô
Ȼ޳˵еâ¶˼Ҳûְ
ȴûʱĴţͨ˸ųʲôˡ
ҥֹߣ̫ˣ
޳޳ܿ죬Ϣʹɽɽɵһŭŭд


1446 Ҫɱˣ˭Ҳס
һŭ˾ֻٵݹɽ˳գεΪ׳ۡ
Ƭ֮䣬ٵӰѾ˳ƷǰĶͨϵͨ߶εĸ֣Ϊ׵ʮˣȫ鵤ĸ֡
ݣǾף
ݣƾܺɨ
ȣֻչվǲԶ
ٵݹڳƷǰ˿ɽһ㳯ųƷϯȥ
Щ˵ǰƷĴڣǾκ֮еһҶۣ·ʱضܱûһ
ͺһҪ֮࿹һĿֲ
˿һĻһͻһ㣬ĳǿţⱲӿܶӡ̽ǵԺ֮С
ƷƲһǰЩˣЩͨĸڶ˵ǲֵһᣬʣµʮ֣鵤ڣһ鵤ڣͼ鵤ڣ鵤۷ĸ֡
ΨΪ׵ǸŸʵǿѾ˰벽ᵤĲΣʵԶˡ
ƷȴóŸֻǱѾ͵ΪֹˣⱲûرܸһ죬ȻҲǰ벽ᵤֻҪʱԣܹ˳¿ᵤ
߾һδȴر
޳û뵽Ȼĸҳ֣
Ÿ֮ƲסľȣҲû뵽ƷȻĸҳ֡
Ԥ֮УƷҳֵĸʲһɡ
Ͼһһ壬ƷжͷŻ֪һ廹ҳ
˵һԳƷ壬˵ʵֻΪ˽Ʒ˿ƷҲ޵С
ڳƷͷൽһͷ飬ֹ۵Ĺƣָʶߡ
ȻƷٶȺݺݴƷжͲܹԤĵģ
վڳƷϿǾ͸ûô飬ʲôıƣھԵʵǰһ
Ϊʲôҳ֣
ƷЦЦ˵
˵ǸҲ޵ҵҪʲô޵
˵ţƷɨһٵݹ֮ϵˣȴƾЩˣֻ»ɱģþǽ̣Ҳֻóô
ߣ޳˵˭ᣡŸƷ֣ǲŶˣ˴ڴˣóƷˣǲšҵҪ㣬˼꾿ʲôϵΪȻҺǾǽԣ
ʲôϵôƷЦһ
ò˼ðɣʵ㣬СƤͱǺٺˣ
ʱһǽ̵ĵа˵

ƷɫȻһ䣬ֱӳǸǽ̵ĵַ˹ȥ
Ǿǽ̵ĵԼ˶һûнƷ˭֪䣬Ʒͷ˹
һɿµֱסһͷ̫һ㡣
һӶ类һɽѹϣоһ־ĸо
ֲ֮˼飬Ҫ֪ǵǳƷҲǵҲӦòֻܽƾƾͽѹز
Ʒ̫ǿˣֱǸ
ǰҳף
ŸʱŭֱһԾϣֵһ󷨻ĶƣɫĶзԲ׵ĴСһӵ·䶯γǿķ
ң𣿡Ʒһһȭ˳ȥ
¡
ɫĶƾͱƷһȭֱӺƬ΢һ¶
ʵ̫ˣ
ɲǼ䣬ƷѾǸǽ̵ĸֵǰһŽٵתɲǼ䣬Ѿһһͽն롣
ͣ
Ѫ
һ˵ȻʵϣҲֻɲǼʱѣ˻ûзӦǽ̵ĵ־Ѿնˡ
˴ʱŸոշӦǵʵƷʵ̫ԶˣҲǸŸܹ΢Ӧ
Ȼʵ赲Ʒ
Ʒһȭķֱ֮ӷŸϡ
Ÿɫһһףòײתһɿµ赲ס
һ˫ͬһĶס˳Ʒȵ޳㾹Ȼҵǰɱˣôĵӣ
Ÿ˫ͨ죬ɱڡ
ǰɱôˣҪɱˣ˭Ҳסο㣿ƷЦһ˾³ҳԣҽ
ϻ˵ǽ쵽׼ʲô޵ڳҿɣ


1447 ޵֮
һɱһ鵤ĸ֣˵һסȫ
Ʒ֮ǰȻ˺öţȻЩվûۼƷ֡
˵ʱǿ˳Ʒ־նɱһ鵤ĸֵʱǻһ޷ŵĸо
̫ˣ
鵤ĸԳƷʱ򣬾ȻǶ֣
֣ɱ
ʱŸѾױŭˣƷɱˣںݺϴ˼ơ
ŸһɵĴֱγɣйʵϣܹͨģ϶Ƕ൱˵⡣
󷨣ûоٴεѵҲܹܺա
˵󷨵ʽųƷѹ˹˵ͨ󷨻۳һɺųƷϯ
ƾֶôƷЦһһڷ͵һʶɲǼ䣬ץУ͵һӾѾ֮С
ϣ
ɨһ˵ĽââֱӺ᳤գ˲ͽϯĿֲĿնޡ
ţ˾ֻƷһһ㣬Ѿɱ˴֮УĽֱ̤һ֮ٶ˼¡
Բ
Ʒгһâɨ˷ֻˣâ֮£ֱݻһյĳ
ѹ£꣬ʮǿĽâɨͨ߷׷ױɨУ޷ֵձնˡ
ھҵ𶯣ųƷһȥһѾˡ
ãס
Ÿһʮ鵤ĸѾʼжˣҪΧסƷ
ȻͨԶ˵ͨ߶εĸ֣󷨵Ļ
ǱƷô¾ȥֻ󷨾Ҫˡ
ǵٶܹͳƷȣǸոմ㽫ƷΧסʱȴƷ²һݹ⣬Ѿ뿪ԭء
ֱɱһͨĸ֮С
Ϊͨĸ̫ˣҲҪ⣬־¾ĸ֡
꣡
һâɨȴǼʮͨĸը˿
أ
أ
أ
ɽɵϷѪ꣬䵽ÿһƬɽ֮ϡ
ʣµЩɽɵĵӣĸĴɴ۾ǰһĻ
˭Ҳû뵽սӸոտʼ;Ȼ˼ˡ
ÿ£ǽ޳ʵô
ܹôңûӵʵҲ˵ȥ
ֻоЩԭǻһ޵ԳƷµľ֣ڿܶڳƷ˵ȴ֡
֮ϣƷɱ¾ڼ󷨵󷨵תϵ˳ͼסƷǳƷη塣
˾Ұ֮һͬͥŲ֮䣬չ˾̾ɱ¾ǲĿ¡
Ʒ̫ˣ󷨸סЩۼͨĸȴµꡣ
ɵĸ֣ھǽ̵ĸ֣ڳƷǰһġ
ʮ鵤ĸָϳƷٶȣֻ۴С
ĿųƷչһ˵ɱ¾
޳бһһս
һ鵤ĸִһ
ôԸ
ƷͻȻĶߣһգۣƷѾǰţһâ
ͣ
鵤ĸּǺ޷Ӧľͱնɱ
ȵ鵤ĸָ֧ԮʱֻƷ鵤ĸնɱ
Ȼٶչɱ¾
˵Ĺģܶ࣬Ȼʱǲŷ֣ĸǰּûκô
˿ĿתǵĿⶼϳƷٶȣеķ۵۾棬ҲûκôΪǸϳƷƶٶȡ
ֻܹЩͨĸֱƷնͬһŵѪ֮ſ
Ҳû֮ǰֵ뷨෴ģһĻֻûڲ
ǺεȾ˵ĴսεȾ˵ɱ¾
֮ǰκһȫͬⲻʲô棬ǳͷβ¾
Ÿǲ޵¾ƷǷƷ׽Ǹ¾ˣ
Ƕ̶ʱ䣬ٸͨĸ־ѾƷ¾ȵǷӦԾʱѾˡ
ΪƷɱ¾ٶ̫죬һȥһƬ֮ڵͨͳͳڳƷϡ
ǵ޵ǽ춼ͳͳһˣƷ


1448 ǽĵ
Щͨĸͳͳնɱ֮󣬳ƷĿ⿴Щʣµʮ鵤ĸ֡
ʱЩ鵤ĸһʷǰ޸һ㣬ͬһ
Ǵδ˵ʵܹ£
ϾӹģĴ󣬻ǵĻֻҲһģĴһս
ǳƷˣԭԤסƷĴû뵽޷赲Ʒ
΢ӳһĽŲ
ֱӾͱƷһԴ
󼸰ٵֻͨڶ̶ʱ֮ڣͱƷ¾
ƷЦһٵɵ󷨣Ҫɵֻ֣ͨɵ󷨣ûʲôںġ
˵ףЩ˻̫С˳ƷˣƷս
һĳֲ֮󣬻Ϳһüսз츲صı仯
һܹͬĶ־Ѿˣ˵ҪɱǸ˵ϼѡ
ΪƲ⣬ǲŰڳĴǶԳƷʵս㹻˽⣬Ͳôν顣
޵ڳƷ˵޿ηģ
ʵϣƷٹٴԼǵˣ־ڱ˵ܻµĸȻףȴʲô⡣
ƷĿɨʱʮ鵤ĸֻëȻһ׹ߵĸо
˶о˲ԣزĸ֣ԼֱΪֱͱԼжϹ󣬻Ҫӿɿ
Ҳһڤڤ֮еֻͨƽʱֳˡ
ǶʱˣƷɱǣ
ܳƷͷβûֹ޷Ǿڶѣ
뵽ǲɵõһ
ǴʱڿƷ飬ʱ£֮ǰΪһ޵ⲻ֪Ǹ˳Ʒһһ򾡵Ļᡣ
ڴ֮ǰ˭ܹ뵽ȻӵϾ۴ĸǶʵ϶ӦռϷŶԡ
һ׵üͨ߶εĸ֣ڼҴҵľǽ˵ҲǲСʧ
ϾͨĸȻ㲻϶֣ȻΪֵ鵤ȴҲǴвġ
ͨ߶εĸֵʧ㹻þǽȻһʱĶϴˡ
ȥõˣƷһЦȻ˵ǣ˭ߣ
Ͻ
ʱŸɵҲʶˣڵĳƷܹӦ˵ģ벽ᵤĸϳƷζԵѡ
Ʒӵ˾˵ʵֻһˣǾǳƷѾ˽ᵤǾ绹սʱ˵Щûκ塣
Ըᵤĸֻ֣һ취Ǿ㱾Ҳǽᵤĸ֣
ѾܹӦ˵Ĵˣ
ҲòǰԼĵƣ
ʱ֮УһҵĲƬ֮䣬һ޴ޱȵıɽ˵ǰ
һԼĪϰ׸ߵıɽһɽոճ֣ɽ£о¶ȷ·ƾ½ʮȣ֮УȻ˺硣
Ҫ֪ͷϻŴ̫֪һɽ¶жôľˡ
ʲôôıɽ
˾ܿ죬˷˲Ծ
ΪǷ֣һıɽ֮УȻˣȻֻһӰȴЩгɵˣóоȻһӰ
ٽ֮ǰŸĻƺѾ뵽ʲô
ϸһڱɽ֮ϣȻŲĻƣƺһֹϵĽ磬˱ڹϵĽ֮С
òǾǽ̵ϽɣһӷӦ˹˵
˵ǽ̵ϽӦѾ˲ŶԣûĻӦþǱһɽ֮˰ɣ
˸ԼĲ²⣬ܿͻ˵Ͽɡ
ǸĴܹԵʵδǿģ۽綼
ȻҲ֪ȷʵֶΣֶҲȱ
֪Ҫôһ£ȻܹˣȴǷëǡ
ԭܼ򵥣Ϊֵʵ̫ʢˣѰıܷסּĸ֡
Ǿ˵ǽϽѾ˽ᵤҪּĸֱ⣬Ҳ겻ıɽп
󷨺ͽ磬ܹ˱С
еˣʣǽżͣ޶ȵı
ֻгͷĵ̣һҲ겻ıɽ˵Ͻ˷ӡȥ󷨺ͽˡ
ֻһɽѾʾ˾ǽ̹˵ĵ̡


1449 鵤ǵ¾
˲ɵ÷׷׾̾Ҫ뽫һᵤĸַӡɽ֮УҪĸԴһܹĵġ
ҲΨнᵤĸ֣ļֵӡıɽ֮УԴﵽӳĿġ
ǹٴɶ飬ֻһ˵ⶼĵƣв׶á
û뵽Ϊ˻ɱƷǽ̾Ȼᶯĵơ
û뵽ǽ̾ȻİţǵİҲ˵ǲܣ˵޵˵ѾǵһУΨһûпǵľǽ޳ʵ̫ǿˣȻ˵ϣ
ǽ̵ǴôĽɣȷʵˮ©
⽣޳ֲֻ˺ˣǽϽɽˣֻһ
˶ʱ׷ʢ˾ǽ̵ֶΣв˻һëȻĸоǽԽܣʵҲԽǴǵɱ֮󣬺޲ýƷϾɱźá
Ϊ˻ɱһ޳Ҳˣ˵ѡԸˣѾ׶Σ޷ٶӳˣһĻ¾һսˣֵܹٶȱ⣬ֻҲٶȽĻˣ
ֻ¾ǽ̵Ͻڱȥ
Ϊ˶Ը޳ֵøĴô
̾һþǽеСˣģ́ͷһ˳Ʒʱ򣬶ʱֲСˣϾôƷȫʸ
ƷҲһɽɽŵķʼѸٵתڱɽĽҲһһĽ⡣
ļʶЩֻ಻٣βһɽ֮оʲôĴڡ
һ˶оڱɽ֮еľǽϽʶȴЩҪаٱ£ܹɵĸоɽ֮еǸǽϽĴڡ
ȻǳСȷȷʵʵţ
Ҳ֪ȷʵк̶ֶܶΣЩѾǰɽ֮УһֱһҪʱٽǻѡ
ʵϣ֮д󲿷˶Ȳѵһ죬֮󣬾˱ɽ֮С
ϾȻ֮ŻͣҲǻ᲻ϵţһ˻ûʲôЩĸѾ˿ˣֻһˡ
ľͻڱɽ֮У
޳һˣ
ʮ鵤ĸֿ˱ɽֳ󷨺ͽԶ⣬ò˶ãǽϽͻḴգǸʱ򣬾ǳƷĩա
ʱǷǵûһǰĺ£׷׽ƷΧסˡ
ܣΪʲôҪܣƷЦһһϼһѣѵΪܹɱҲɣ
ĸڱɽ̫֮ϧˣȻҪǿиգҾһ̣ҲûƷ˵ڴ֮ǰȰˣ
Щ鵤ĸֶʱͷһû뵽ƷѾزˣȻôţֱȫûнǷ
ɶ񣬽޳̫ˣһ鵤ĸ̲סһܹоɽ֮еľǽϽڸգԭɲԽԽ
ֻҪټһСʱ䣬ǽϽͿԸˡ
ʱŸҲеڣΪʲôûиգڣƷȨ
ԶԳƷһʼӦý߾ȫһɱ
ôҲãֻʵʵ˵ѣ
ƷĻȻһӳ鵤ֵĶߡ
Ȼ鵤ĸֶʱǰһ֣ƷȻ֪ʲôʱ򣬾ȻѾǰ
ȻҲ룬ֻоؿһҵʹȴ֪ʲôʱ򣬳ƷѾһˡ
ĳֱӽɷĩ
죡
죡
죡
Ʒٶ̫ˣ쵽鵤ĸֶӦٶȣĽ̤һĲơ
ֻһ˲ѣһ鵤ĸ־Ѿ˳Ʒϡ
Ÿӿµɱ¾ɲǼ䣬Ѿչˡ
Ʒ²̤ƣ֮Ѿһ鵤ĸϡ
ͣ
ͣ
ͣ
֮ϣһѪըѪ֮꣬ǰЩͨĸ֣ѾֵЩ鵤ĸ֡
ʱЩ鵤ĸѾ֮ǰЩֱͨƷ¾ʱȴ޻֮ľĸо
֮ǰֹ̫ˣΪǳƷĶ֣ȻڳƷ˵Ϻ졣
ֻƬ̼Ĺʮ鵤ĸ־ѾƷ½½ɱ߰˰ˣֻʣһŸ
ʱɽ֮еľǽϽѾȫգɽҲ¶һѷ졣


1450 ǣһ
ɽ֮ϣѷڲϵԽԽ˵ķɽ֮ͷ˳
Ʒڲϵɱ¾ƺҲͼŭеľǽϽ
ڵһ̶֮ɽ֮ŭһס֣
һ޴ޱȵɽϵĽȫˡ
һĻŸʱоӾ֮пϣֱ˶ӲˣҪƷɵˡ
Ŷ̶ʱ䣬δи֣ԭΪԿƳƷĵƣȻƷһ˸ɱ¾ˡ
ǺεȾ˵飡
ôҲţܹĵزֻǽҲɣ
ǰǸ߸ϵľǽ̸Ȼʱֻɥ֮Ȯѡ
ﻹ˵ʲô棬æһɽķȥֻŲҪƷնɱźã
Ͻң
һλݹӡ
ȻֻǶ̶̵ľ룬˵ֱǵһ㡣
أһ˲䣬Ʒ֪ʲôʱ򣬾ȻѾƵĸǰˣ̫ˣƷٶûһ
һ˲䣬͸оһֲϢֵͷ֮ϡ
̧ͷһȴƷ˫ֱ磬֪ʲôʱѾ׷
ʱð
ȴƷֱӿʼˣһȻ̤ɲǼ䣬Ѿ䵽Ÿϡ
ȻƷҪݣûжûȪ̤Ǽˣ˻Ȫ̤֮󣬳ƷȷоҲѾһֵǷ켫ĵزһż̤Ÿоһ㡣
أ
ŸһҽУ˱ֱӼ̤ˣըһһģ类ʬΪҡ
ȻǱƷһ̤̤ˣ
ʱɽһƬž˶ȴ۾˼ĿǰһĻ
ˣȻˣôܻ
˲ɵõһðڷӦ˹ͨĸ֣ʮ鵤ĸ־Ȼɽ֮¡
ֲпս˵Ѿǹսʧˡ
һ˵ֻнʺߴκߴ֮е໥սܹ˾˵ɱ¾
ĻҲۼôĸ֣
˵ƽʱ˴˳֣ϻһЩ棬ǳƷ׸Ͼɱ
ӵɱ¾⣬Ѿʱ䶼ûвˣ
һսޱһĻҲעҪʷᣡ군ˣôĸ֣ŻڣҲͱ˭ˣ
˾һ˵ϾǶ֪⣬ֲǾһеĹؼڡ
ɸ𣬵ǹôĸ֣ͻѾȷ군ˣɽҲδܹԪ
ֹɣ֮ǰǽ̵ʮȫ군ˣڴǽ̣˭ٰǽ̣³
Ѿ˳ƷĿģΪⲻııǲò˵ıҲͬ޻˵
ΪʱǵѾ˼η֮ģٰǽˣĻܾԷ١
⽣޳ߣֻˣ
˴һһɽ֮˲ը˿һ߻˳
߷԰ףΪϣһƣͺͽֱߵûʲôû˸Сߡ
ϴһϢһ֮ͽɽµϢѹסˡ
ǺεȾ˵ƣȴ֣Ψ˲ܹݡ
Ǿǽ̵һĶ
ľǽϽƷ˿һ㶼ܵƵӰ죬෴ģ˫ֱ磬ЦЦĿŭߡ
ƷףûиĻӦþǴ˵еľǽϽˡ
ȷʵͬһ˽ᵤ
ҲͳƷ²Ĳ࣬ϵѪѾݽߵһĳ̶ȡ
ӡô꣬Ѿ˥ܵ˹ȵˡ
ˣѰ鵤˵Ȼ̩ɽѹһĻ֮
Ѱ鵤ܹĴڣ
㡭
߻Ŀ˵ƺΪܶû˵ˣ˵ʮֵɳƣһЩͬҹһ
ĿĶס˳ƷʶʼտʼͿ˳Ʒ¾вٿǾǽ̵ĸ֡
뵽еŭͿʼϵϱǡ
ڴ֮ǰʶѣŸ˵飬Ҳһ֪֪ǰһھǽ˵ĸ󻼡
ǿôᡣ
ּ֮ʵɫʳƷᣬͬʱֺ˵ɱ⡣
ˣԲţǽ̶ϣ


1451 Ű
һֱԼֱ
ǰǳͬһڳʱˣܿδǽ̣ǺɵԤУ
ϽȫɢżΪΣյϢɽɶһּΪΣյĸо֮У˵
ɽ£û˸˵ÿ˶Ϣ񣬾ͺǱһ˸ס˲һе㴭
ÿ£Ǿǽ̵Ͻô
ᵤʵ鵤֮ĲֱԵ㣡
£Ǹ޳Ҳδֺˣʵ̫ſˣ
˺˼ʱȴǾǽϽ͵һӶˣһ˲䣬һֻ̮һɨ
һֲĹ鵤ĸֻ֣ҲǸ޷ġ
ڴʱȴƷֻЦһһնֻǼ򵥵һͽһֻն
һп˵赭д·һиûһǰѶһ
ֻӵĳ̶ôǾֻ·ˣ
ƷžǽϽЦһ˵
ǾǽϽ俴ųƷ֮вʱıŽ˵ľâ
Ȱ㣬ǿôȫɣԻ֮Ҳû㣡Ʒ˵
ǽϽȻ׳ƷĻأóȫԻͣǾˣܳƷǲϣǿ϶˵ġ
뵽΢΢һΣɲǼ䣬ξѾʧǰȻ󲻹һ˲䣬ͳ˳Ʒǰ
ȫ£ɢһĹâͬһǹ⽫С
ϲԽΪܣ㲻ףȻҺҽս
ƷЦһֱһնȥ

ƷĽâɨ𣬵ֱӺɨ˾ǽ̽ϡ

ֻһһȻ˾ֻǽֱ̽ӵ˳
ۣ
ǽ̽һѪ˳ð֮סΣ֮ŵ飬̫ˣƷķӦٶ̫ˡ
׵ͻȻʵʩͻϮΪľҪһ֣ȻȻûܹƷһֲ
Ʒ̫ˣݵѾ׼
ոճֻδüֵʱ򣬳ƷĹѾɨˡ
˿ǳƷ߸߾һȻһײȥһ
ȻֻԼƷǺ
ԺȻܹزֱǲ˼漣
ȻƷǿңԶԶĶҪ̫ˣ
ϵǹһĹâһӰ࣬ûƷһ鿪
ʱɽڷ׷׵һ
ӦþǾǽΪķ񹦣ǻ˰ɣоǽϽʮ鵤ĸΧֹȫɨȴ޷ƿķһ׾˵ľѧҲһս
һ׾ѧû뵽ھȻ㱻Ʒһ
ˣվ۷ˣ
ǶΪǽϽˣȻȴã۷ʱҲδܹס޳Ľ
۷׷ףʲô۵˶УǺʣһʮ־˵ײ
ЩʵǿĸУǿģǼֱŵ˼ĳƷŷɥľǽϽǰֱǱϷˣһ
ҲֻǷ˵ܣⲻϷˣʲô
ڸ߿֮ϵϽҲ˳Ʒ̬ȣʱŭɶͬһֻŭʨһ˲䱬ˡ
޳Ҳ̫Ʋˣ
ǽϽŭ
Ʋ㣿ƷЦһȻʶһ£Ҿʶһ°ɣ
ƷȫƵһͷ˳˲䱬ĿϢֱʶ˵ǽϽƾһ˾ĻôƷһܹһС
˾ͺƳ׵׵ĻΪһ񽣣
ɽ֮Ĵ֮УҲǿĵֻ֣Ǵʱɫ׷ױˣ֮ǰڳƷʵǷѾ˽ᵤֻǲ²⡣
Ȼڲò²⣬Ѿǰʵˡ
ʣƷȷʵѾԽ鵤
ʱƷһڷıɲǼʣžǽϽȥ
أ
Ʒٶ̫ˣǽϽֻһ˲䣬ؽˡ
ۣ
ǽϽٶһѪ˳˵˳ȥϾǻǹⶼࡣ
ȻĹȴֻǸոտʼѡ
ȴƷһ˲䣬ֹӰζâ֮зѿǧٵͬһ㣬ֱӽǽϽû


1452 ǽϽ
ֿ񱩵Ľâɨ£ֱӽǽϽûˣĿתһ
ЩѾ˵ĸָǵǴʱףǣֻһ
һȥԽɽɵɽͷƽʵʽƷʵ
֮ͬǰǰô򵥣
ǸӾֵķ֣ô񱩵ĹȻƷȴƵǡôȫȫĿһķΧȻһ㶼ûе䵽ĵطȥ
Ȿһ漣ˣ
˵ʲô
Ժ֮ж뵽ˣ˵ƷƿصѾһ׵ĵزˡ
˲ɵõɴ۾һ㶼Ҵ˶ڲ²⣬ǽϽܲһĿֲǰ
ð죬ƷĹͣ˶ΪôµĹƷڵķӦһ˲ŶԣȻʵȴ
Ʒɫ糣Ϣƽȣ·ոձǾ˹˲һ
˶ڼһУԽԽǾú󱳷˵ĽΪ쵽˲׽ٶȣǿΪڻҪټһ絽׵ķ
һԳɾһһĴ֣οôȫһ˵ϣ˾һʵĹˡ
˸û㣬ԾѹʵҪǸɿܵ飡
ǾǽϽҲԼ㣬ǾѾ˥ˣǰйٻԻͣѾ˥ǲʵ
ߵյ㣬ƷֻҪ΢һģͿԻ
Щɢʱ˿ڳƷĿը֮£ǽϽȻûֻҲѾޱȵǱˣ˵ҡ
ĻǹѾȫ飬ȫ±鲼ž޴ĴˣȫǱƷâնġ
꣬꣡
ǽϽʱϴŴƾͿҪˣѾΪϵݴʱȥѾܿˣƣˡ
˶ף¸ղžǽϽǿҲ͸֧Ҳûôһ͸ֱ֧ӿˡ
Ȼû˹ǿģ
ƷЦһ˵
ǽϽβΡΡһ˲ͻᱻһ΢һȻĶס˳Ʒ
ʱ˫һӡһ˲䣬һɿֲ֮֮зӿԭѾޱȲϣƵӣҲһתˣͷİ׷һͷڷϵʧ͵±ıֱɲǼ䣬Ʊˣ»ص۷塣
һɸӾѹϢɨھǽϽ۷ȡ˻Ȼ̶ֻʱѣҲһ̾Ϊֹĸо
ôľ޷ǾҪҳȫȻˣҾȫҪɣǽϽ˵һ˲䣬ص۷壬Ȼֻһ˲ѣĸо̫̫ûйȫ۷ĸоˡ
õѾǵ۷ʲôĸоˣ
վվҪ
Ļٻ꣡
Ȼûˣ
ҡҡԴԴ֮еͷ˦ȥѾоϸڱе֮Ҳֻӵĳ̶ˡ
ɣǱȭǽϽһ޴ޱȵһȭȫֻһȭȭɨգɲǼѣѾһС
һȭȭⱬ˷·𿴵ǧֲ䵽֮ϣֲֿĻܹݻһ
һ磡
ȻǽϽʵﲻӵĳ̶ȣһȭҲɽ²ûһȭ㹻ܹɽɻһ
ǰƷҲΪܹоǽϽʵ۷ʱڣֻѾﵽ˽ᵤڡ
һﲻ۷ʱ򣬵ֻҲѾﵽ˽ᵤڡ
㹻óƷ׵
Ʒһֱֳֽһնǰһ󣬽ǽϽһȭȥ
ǳս֮еķ
¡
ȭɨ˽һ·񣬳ƷնĽ޷赲ƵĳƷն˺üڽ⾪˵һȭ
Ʒüͷ΢ǽϽȫ֣ȷʵУɾͽһȭסˡ
ʵ˺üУԷһĽᵤڣǺڵĸ֣ȻֻһС
ֲεĸ֣Ʒ׻ǲһ㣬ƷҲӵԱ֮
ڳƷǰǽϽȫֱӻΪɻҡ


1453 
ɽһս𾪣
˵ɽһսΪѾӿĴ¼ҲΪһսĻ
ڴ֮ǰֻٷˣҲ벻ȻµĽ
һʮűƷڵĴ߲֮⣬ʧΪصĴԼҪǾǽˡ
֮ǰѾƷһһս֮УֱƷһټԭΪƵľǽϽ˳Ʒϡ
֮ĴۣȻûܹκε˳Ʒ
ھǽϽȥ֮󣬳Ʒܿ뿪ֳһսĽҲ¡
ǽڵһʱ͵õϢ
˵ڳƷ뿪֮ûжãǽ̽Լ٣ĿҲˣǾԳƷ
ŭ֮µľǽ̽Ȼ뽫ƷʬΣǿϧ˸ա
ûܹҵƷ䣡
Ҳõһսϸ鱨޲ΪƷս𾪡
˶ףһƬ֮ϣֶһܹ绽Ĵڡ
鵤һƬϿ˵һҪΪ綥ĴڣΪܹٿĴǾֻǽᵤĸ֡
ĸ֣¶ֻǷëǼĴڡ
ÿһǺպĸ֣ĸ֣ÿһ꣬ͻȻðһᵤĸ֡
β𾪣
漴֮ʣǽ̾ͷԼĹϵʼѰ˳Ʒ䡣
һΣ֮ǰǰ㣬Ӧȥ˼һ
һΣ˶ˣƷһʮţǻΪ˼꣬Ǵʱǳ֣ȥҳƷĻǿ¾ͲֻǱôˡ
˵ͻᱻţ
ҵʱЩ֮ԻϾǽΧ˼ҲΪ˼ֻѰİ벽ѣ˲ҲһѰ
ĴڣȻѾǳͣȴҲ㲻˵á
ȻƷֳսѾ˽ᵤȫͬĸ
κһᵤǵǹƥҲþͱȾǽȻҪ
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˵ΪΪ˵ĸֵ߲ʵ⵽ش˵ֹ롣
æľǽ̽òԳѰҳƷ䡣
Խʱ֮Уڴ󲿷ֵʱ֮УҶܹһ񱩵Ӱ֮Ѳ
ھǽ̺֮ͬ£Ʒ˾˼һҲ䡣
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ȴ֪Ѿ仯ԭӵĳƷѾһݣǽٴҲҵõ
Ʒǲ뽫ǽһˣҲ֪Ŀǰ
֮ҪȾǽϽȫ֣ҲΪܹƲһЩǽ̽ʵ
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£Ʒûжٰܹܾǽ̽ϾƷаԱһ£һ飡
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Ӵκܵ˾õ鱨Ǿǽ̽Գ֣˼ˣ䲻
Ʒã룬Ծǽ̽ʵ˵˼ٵľ϶ޱΣ
˱Ӧ˼ȥ㣬䲻ԳƷҲֻˣҳƷõڱǽ̽ش֮˼䲻
˵ǽܹ֪̽˼䣡
ЩƷһ·һСԪľٰأһɽȡ
ʵϣһɽǵʦЭĵ̣ȻʦЭ᲻ţʵֻ֮»ھǽ֮ϡ
ΪֻҪߣĹоͲȫõҩȻҪ͵ʦЭϵ
µ֪ǿǷµʦЭ޴飬бҪĻֻһ¾ܹۼ㹻ǽ̵Ŀֲ
ȻôʦЭҲḶ޴ĴۣһΪ䲻Ϊɵǲô˵ȷʵһƬΪȻ֮һ
ɽΪʦЭĵ̣ҲѾչһΪٵС
ܹģʦ
ƷոɽȵڣͱͳһƷ


1454 κʦ
ֹͨǵʦЭٰСԪĵطһ˵
ƷȻһץץһǵʦЭ·μСԪġ
ԭʦˣ
˳ƷóЩɫͱˣʱĹ˺ܶࡣ
ϾǶǵʦЭЩܹõˣʣ㲻һʦҲǸǱǡ
Щδ˵ĸͻܻΪǵĶͷ˾ҪǵЩˣδӿɲù
޷ܻᣬЩʦиŵģϵǵ鷳ֱһ仰顣
ţƷ˵ͷ˳ǡ
Щ໥һۣ϶¶˼ֵ飬ȵƷԶ˲Ÿ˵
е˼Щ̤ŶݹҼˣҲˣǻǷģģһͷһμ
һ˵
ʵϣҲЩ˲ԭڣϾЩʦϵرĶС
˵ǷɹģʲôֶηɹģⶼûģһҲδܹߵꡣ
ȴ֪ƷսȻ˵ãǳƷʱʱ̿Էһƥսҹͣĸ·磬һ˸ġ
ҿ뺯Ǵκ뺯κʦŲǰЩѾô
԰ӦѾ˲Ŷԣģð䲻ˣͣӦǴκһʦɣ
Ӧˣڴκƿɲôã
ЩԳƷʱ򣬳ƷѾɽ֮Уڿͬʵж죬ɽӦһʦЭĻأڿķչѾһ˵Сˡ
Ʒ֮ҲҵκʦţȽһҾ¥֮С
ʱֵ緹ʱ䣬¥ַ֮ǷƷҲֵ̻
Ҳеһ֣
˵ܹͷľʱھͻƷûôżˣΪ˻֮󣬶δп˵޾ĺô
˼֮󣬳ƷڿλĿͿʼѲС˴ڣʵϻĴġ
ĳ˱֮йĵʦЭĹԱ֮⣬оǰμСԪĸʦˡ
ʸμСԪȻҲһڸʦ֮УҪôѾ˴ʦѡ
ҪôǸ֮ĿĺˣЩһ㶼Ǳ֮еĳ棬ͬʱҲ໥дһ
ȻʦЭ£ʦűϾͬзͬĵжԹҵġ
о
ԭСԪֻһĴᣬǾô꣬ѾһԿʵĴ
֮ĶԹҲ쵽
Щ֮⣬ǸŷˣϾСԪϣ˸ʦ֮д轻֮⣬иָƽʱĵҩ͸ҩڳۡ
ʦһְҵйҵﶼ׷׸һʱ䣬ֻɼ˵ĻΪ
һǸÿǹһ¼ˣûʲôҩĻߵҩƷ˵
ϾҲһǳѵõĻᣬʲôãǲǰżΪ硣
ҪʲôҪΪҲ֮ʦЧʡ
̶ܹϵչ൱ĳ̶ȣⲻûɵġ
˼׷ɵʱ򣬶ȴ˵ۡ
κһְһΣ˴ʺȲˣԽԽȥˣ
κ֮е׵ĴڣķչҲһֱ⣬Ҳ
֮УǿĻǴԭκŸڶڶҲסˣȽʺЩҰ˶ˣ
˵ʺҰˣҪ
æ˵֮ǰ˵Ҳʱʶʲôæˡ
Ȼʺ֮һĴڣչ̶ȴ֮еףҲʱʱ˳ȻǶ˽ﳰû˸ǵǰˡ
һνʺ֮ȷʵһĵţһ˾ͻ˴κһеʦôţҵõϢǸһʵڽʺ֮п˴ʦ
˻ļٵģʮɣȻͿ˴ʦôģ̫̬˰ɣ
ȷʵǸţȻôҷŻ˵κһȺأҵʱڳκʦЭ᳤ˣ


1455 ʺѰ
Ҳκֲǵһˣÿζף
ҿҲӦѾϰˣ
ǿɲһһδκ˿ɲڿ˵иûĻԺɨ
̫˼ˣҽ²ţƤˣ
ҿҲǴκΪǿŰˣ
¥֮ԽԽ࣬ԽԽ˲Ȼ֮ǰ飬˲Сĺ䶯
ˣȴһЦ̬˵飬Ͼô飬ôκޱȶ顣
ˣƷ̾һѹֹ֮ǰô̬Լ
κⷽȷʵѹ֮еף±֮ǰᵽĻҪ
ڴʦ汻ѹһҲǱȫѹˡ
ڽʺ֮УȻһʮͿ˴ʦĴڣȻڳƷѾܴˣڴʦּǿܹӵеҲ൱ͨ˶ʮͷͶѡ
ȷʵ츳ˣ
ԵģƷĽʤͲԶˣ߼ʦı߶˵Ҫʦˡ
ûôһԱȵĻԵĲ࣬ƫƫʺôһʦ
ȫȫλѹˣ
е˼
Ʒ΢΢һҲû̫ϣЩνţܹͨ˵ǰۣǰ
ڴκᵽƷȻµһ֣Ȼȴû֪Ʒڵ軹Ҫĳɾ͡
Ʒ˷ȻʩʩȻ¥ŴκŵפطȥȻˣǾҪȥȱһ¡
Ʒ˴κפصʱȴ֣פΧ֪ʲôʱѾΧˡ
Ʒһ·˹ȥǰɽ˺ڼƷʱȴԾĻԶÿ
Ƭ֮䣬ƷѾȺǰУһȺУֻгƷһŸͷģȻȴûһ˸оʲôֵģȫȫ˳ƷĴڡ
ڳƷǰȴڶš
һķװһ֪ǽʺ֮ˡ
һκʦЭƷŮΪ׵ˣȴҲǳƷˡ
ǴκһĵţͰʤˣ
ʱͰʤˣڶǰʺһŭĿӡ
ʺһУΪ׵һӡ
κĺ󱲶ûнôǺĺҩģǾȻҴǵˣ
ͱ˵˵
Ͷ㲻ҪѪˣ
һͨ졣
üٵĳƭǣʧܲ˵ȥۣȻҶֶţʤҲŭ֣
һԵİʤҲͬŭɶ֮ŭܡ
һɺԣǽʺһŵǧۣͯʺӰͶʱֱӷ˵ǲʶʧܹƨ£㲻óĳݣڳмҲ٣ôҿǼ٣
ͶȻΪţ½óݡ
ʱҲˣǿͨڿǰͶһʤȯյӣ뵽ĶԹЩѾһȻӡ
ЩҲɵϣȻܹóֻ½ǳһȻ֪ʺôģǼȻʺôƶȻаյġ
˶ͬĿ⿴˽
ôˣôͶЦſŽ˵
ʲôҵģ
ܲô̼һץȻ˽˿ռ֮УץһľУȻľУľ֮аһֿһĲҩɢһ㵭ҩ㡣
ôڳλмңǲǾǳݣͶĿŽ
ɫޱѿһԵİʤҲͬˣǶ֪ˣȴ֪Էôġ
ܹμһСԪģ㲻ʦҲҵкľŸλϲĳݡ
һڼΪȻ֮еĲҩͬһ㣬һƻԵҩΪϺõҩģҲֵҩҩ
Ҳʲôͬǿ˫Ҳ֪ǱˣǾǲ֪ôġ
û˵˰ɣȻҲ޻˵ǾͱҲˣ
Ͷ˵
Ҵǳúýѵѵǣ
ΣʤĻð˵
ܼ򵥣ҴǽʺˣҲҪǵֻҪϵǵ书Сʹ룡Ͷ³һ仰


1456 ʺƨ
ͶĻڳ˶ʱһͻȻ˾ˣͶǵء
ʦ˵ΪҲǷǳҪģ൤ҩһ¯ûа취Ƴģֻʦеĵܹơ
ǣΪϵĻôʦҲ군ˣȻûⱲҲʲôĵҩˡ
һʦ˵ѾСʹˣҪδ
뵽ͰʤǴκĿǰܳ굤ţδпܿʦš
˲Ѳ²⵽ͶֻѹҪٵκδĵš
֮ĶԹѾ쵽˵໥֮лº־º֡
κĴҲĿͶְɣ˵
κĴѾܻ˽߿ˣ֪˺ʱ˸оôļֱ̫ˣ˵ѹǱ漰õġ
ԵĿ꣬ǱˣǽͰʤ档
ң
ʱڽͰʤֱվ˼ߣȻһδκȻҲޱ⼸ÿһͨϵĸ֣Ϊ׷ףҲȻǴ´ˡ
ߣʲôҵģ
ͶЦһʱϵϢ͵һͷ˳
ֱѹȫֲϢ˶סˣһ¶
ͶȻǵ֣Ǵʦ
һӷӳ˹ͶΪȻܹﵤĳ̶ȣǺȻӦǴʦˡ
Ϊһ˵ֻдʦпܿ뵤֮УΪֻдﵽ˴ʦĳ̶ȣпܴͨΪһٿ뵽ľ硣
˵ʦ֮Уʦþǵ֣ܹģͿ϶Ǵʦ
Ҳһֱɣ
Ͷǽʺ֮ĴʦΪﵽ˴ʦĳ̶ȣҲͲˡ
ȻֻѰĵڣǿŵҩͻȥģǱѰͨ˵ѹԵơ
˾һͶ϶׼ڴκŵĸ߲㶼ڣźȻֵġ
ʱǼվڵֵѹ֮¶ã֧š
ҲΪͶΪǿҩģһͳĵֻ֣һ⼸ͨĸֹ£ˡ
ǼˣҲоˣԼѣ˵ҪֹͶˡ
ʤ˸ǲǵΪһЩʱֻҧ֡
Ҳûй¶ѣȴҲãֻĿŰͶһһԼ
Ҿʹǳúýѵǣ
ͶЦһ˵
֣
֮󣬳ƷͻȻԭƣѹ޷˲ʧ
ʤ˶ʱоֿԶˣȫȫѾʪ͸ˣоǴ֮һһ
ʱѭ˹ȥȴһһƥͷ֮ϣһС
ǵֲ֮˼ľϲ飬˲֪˭ѵǻ֪˭ô
ǽͰʤǵֱӺͳƷȻƷһͿأ֮ǾޱȹעƷ
źͳƷһϸ£˭֪ƷûڵϷһ·ͬ˻һ㣬̶ʱѾΪµһ֡
֮ǰ᳤Ҳ˵ƷμһεСԪᣬȻһֱûܼƷڼˡ
ǻ£ʱǵ¶˾ϲӵ顣
ǽͰʤ棬κŵĳԱ˳Ʒʱ϶¶ϲ顣
ֱǿ˾һ
ʱеһʯͷ
˿˴κųԱϵ飬ʱҲЩ֣˾˭
ô֮ЩκŵǾϲӣһַĵĸо
˭֮󣬰ͶʱЩŭ˳ƷѵҲҪƫκô
Ʒܹ׵ƿԼƣͶҲЩɵΪƷǳҲûһʼѡ
Ҫںǽʺԣ
ʺƨƷЦ˵
ʱһƬȻȻܶ˶ˬʺȻô˵Խʺм˿ɲࡣ
һĵ־磡
Ͷʱɫ˵˵ĵ־磿˵ӳîǾͱҲˣҶҽʺ
Ҫ˵ƷϴżЦЦ鿴ŰͶ˵


1457 һָϹ
˵ǾͱҲˣǽʺߵ¶ûĻ·
ʱͶ˵
ѹͲųƷܹʲôϾڳôмҶʲô
ȻˣҾͲˣƷ֮ϣ˵Ȼǳû˶ɣ
ôܣ˵Ͷ¶ŭݣ֮ȴ־飬漴Цһ˵Ҳʦҩ⣬ѵǲϷô
Χˣɵõ˵ͷȷʵˣʦҩ֮󣬻϶ϸ飬˱ĶһḻʦҲܲ
ΪĺΣڻԵĲҩƻԵĵҩƷ˵üԵˮһ곯ݰɣȻûб仯ʵȴˮԣһը¯ˣ
һ֪ԭǽʱһֻȻĸоѹ֮󣬸ոտʼֱը¯ˡ
һ˵ǲܵģΪҲëëŵˣƵĵҩǾĵҲûг顣
ֱӾ֪϶ǳڳϣǾǳĶȴܹóˡ
ǰˣ
һ˫ųƷͻȻеӿ죬
ΪϵŮûһܹͬѹùԼǰʤ涼Ķ֣ȴһ⣬ǾǳƷ
ڵϵĳ̶ȻϵΪԶԶܹģ֪УԼûз֣Ѿһ˵Ӱ
ſڿӣʲô֤ݣ
Ͷʱ־ŭǳƷȻܹóŭǳƷȻڴ֮ͥ½Ҵ
⻹Ҫʲô֤ݣݵڲӦǻɫģһڲһһƬˮɫƷЦſŰͶ˵
ԣæֱһ»˳ݣȻмĲѾһƬˮɫһֱˮŻγɵġ
ʱŭǹȻı
ҲǲĿ˰ͶǶףⲻֻһˣͶҲֻҪôһԽͰʤֶѡ
ߣһ곯ݱȥôãô˵ˣͶ漴˵ѹҲͲһ㡣
ϣƷЦ˵õļˮӦǧ꺮ڻɵİɣҿΪ˷ֹ˿ǻڳݵͿһľ֭԰ɣ
ô֪Ͷ𾪵ĿųƷɵ˵©죬Ʒ˵̫赭дƶˣ·һ㡣
һַǳҩݣ˵;ǳĹΪ־ݵ֭ҺͿĨڶ֮ϣͿһ̶Ŀ̽ͿԽεЧҲԽá
ֻ־ݵ˵ǷǳϡˣǽʺʦЭҲзһŴ棬ļء
ǳ֮⣬Ӧò֪Ŷԣ˾ô֪ģ
ҲΪˣͶŻһ˵©졣
Ŷ
һƬȻȻӣֻû뵽ͶȻ˾ըˡ
Ƿ׷׿˳Ʒ¶˲˼顣
˭ôôͰʤѾһһָʦˣǶû飬Ȼ˿ˣ
ʲô֮ǰôû˵Ȼܹ
ӦûˣʺʦЭǴĻǰ
ɲǣϧһˣ
ȴ֪ţǣƷ֮ϻɢһ㵭Ĺâһ곯ݵĸ϶ǰ
ҩࣺ
ݣʮ
;ƻԵҩ
⣺ǧ꺮ڻɵˮ࣬ԴңƵҩ
һ곯ݵĸϸڳƷǰϵʵļ䣬ƷϾҳڡ
ʵǲ̫Զˣ
ߣˣҲԼۣǻҴǽʺˣ²ܲˣ
ͶԼȫ¶ˣɴҲȫҪˣѾزˣҲûʲô˵ˡ
˵ţͶ͵һӳŽͰʤķ˹ȥ
Ȼ˵˵ĸǰȴԼͣڰкƱһֻĴץסˡ
ҵǰҷƷ˵˵ţƷָһָʱһɿֲָɨ˰Ͷĵ֮С
ͶһҽУһƬѪģ
ҵĽ𵤣ҵĽˣҵ书


1458 һݽɫ
ͶһҽУʱ˲ɵñĻ˹ȥٿԭͶϴǿϢھȻһȫʧˡ
˶ʱһͶǿŵҩǿͻƵģȷʵҲǻʵĵ֡
ˣȻ޻֮־ͽĽ𵤸ˡ
һ˵𵤱ƣҲʹ书ȫϣҿͶϲʱڱѪҲ֪ˣΪ𵤱ƣ֮еǿ˲ȫŰȫľȫ飬ѪҲըѿ
˵Ͷ군ˣ
ƷһȻ·𲻹ժ·ߵһҰһ㣡
˭ôô£
ʵ
úֶΣͲ½ʺô˿˵漴ͱˣΪ˳Ʒ֮ǰ˵Ļʺƨ
ֶΣֲһ֮У϶Ѱ֮ˣѹִκĴųԱȻϻ¶ϲӵˣ
۷׷׵ʱԭŰͶЩǿ׳ִʱȫͬסһҲҶ
ĿŰͶƷһָƽҲûκεĶǵ֮ж˾ֵ飬·ʲôֲһ
Ҫ֪ЩĸǴʬɽѪ֮ɱģ˵飬治ɫĽܡ
ȻڿƷʱ򣬾ǿʲôֲĹһ
ΪƷᣡ
ǽʺŹģͶҧ˵֪군ˣΪϣԺ󲻿ƸƷʵĵҩˣڵϵǰ;ϵǰ;Ҳͬˡ
ʱĿס˳ƷȲýʬΣȻȴûº֣ҲͲ⵽Ʒķ
ʺƨɣҲɱ䣬书СʹˣҪǽʺĸɱңҲ⣬ʱɱ٣һȺĶѣƷЦ˵
ʱǼʺֶʱɴһ㣬ͱ亹ʪæŰͶ뿪ˡ
ƷŴκĴųԱæǰˣ
ЩųԱвٶˣǶʮͣǸصϵһȲͰʤҲˣȻҲظñ档
ڳǰ°ڳƷǰɲ˿԰ı֣˲֪Ʒĵϸǻ֪ô
ǿǴκµһ֣ǿֲ˵׹͵ġ
ţƷ˵ͷҲ̫С˵㣬´Ҫעˣ
ǣ
æ˵ǽͰʤҲ⣬ǰһǴκʦЭ᳤ҪͽĴ
ܿ죬Ʒǣƥ˴κפأΧ۵˼ûֿɿʱҲͷ׷ɢȥˣȻҲ֪¿²ʹưոݣһѴκĽʺʦų˴֮󣬿²ưոݡ
Ͼֱʧһʦ
ﵽ˴ʦʦκһңΪսԴ
Щ˵ȥһ˵Ϣʼڴ˿κһݽɫ
¶һȻǷ˽ʺպĴʦͶ
ʱڻһƬȻκҪͽʺȫ濪սô
һʱ䣬۷׷ףͬˮһڶ
˽ΪƷֶζ𺳵ʱ򣬳ƷѾ˴κʦŵפ֮ڣСǰƷƥǣȥιˡ
᳤أƷֶЩ˵
᳤Ǳܻȥˣ뵽֮ǰ㱻ˣҪ书о̲סŭ𡣡˭Ҳû뵽ʺ¾Ȼ
ƷԴˣֻЦЦǽǰʤ棬ȻʵֻĻѡ
ԲŻУֶթ̫ˣκͽʺ˴˵жԣʺʲô飬ǲֵġ
ЩͲô׵ϵˣҲͲô׵ıԡ
˵лܹԽʺǸŶֻ֣¹ҲĴ
ԺСһЩˣϾǵжԹֿɲὲʲô㵽ΪֹƷ˵˵ˣ
Ʒᵽ飬ֲޣ漴ȫȫйǸȷʵȫѹʽĻͰʤ档
ָоǵ˳Ʒһȫ޻֮
ǵģˣȫǶԷĶ֣
һ԰ʤҲеɥ˵
ҲǶ֣е˼ƷһЦ


1459 һս
Ͱʤ¶˼Ƶ顣
ΪȷʵҰ˶Էϣ޻֮
ԷǴʦĻǻҲͺˣƷתǣ˵
ȷʵǿҲռ͵ı˶ѣͣһģʤʮƵ˵
˵֮еڶβҰܣ֮ǰȻ˽ǲǲҰܣ˫в࣬Ҳûôԡ
ֻаܸƷȫȫĲҰܣΪѾþȫˣǳƷͬƷȫȫѹʽĻ
ȻƷʱֻ˸߼ʦǺԣƷࡣ
е˿֣Ϊʵֻ֣ܿе˿֣Ϊֻӵĳ̶ȡ
ԣǰһ֣Ʒںһ֣
ԳƷʤѾûƢˣǵϵĳɾͻϵʵܹġ
ȻڽʺǸţȫˣҲʮ꣬δûʦ
Էռϵı˶ѡ
ǿʹ˱Ҳʲôˣ
˵
һСˣ
ƷһҲûн
˵ʲô֮УʮݹֱӷӶ
Ʒһȴǹ˭ء
ʱ˼Ҵҵĸ˻˽Ͱʤû£ɵһ
Դӵõ˰ͶҪԴκ֣֮ʱܻĻ鶼˲ˣһ·ϲ֪ٴνʺҪˡ
ڿû£Ųɴ
漴ǾͿ˳Ʒˣæǰ˵ʦˣ
ǿ˳ƷʱҲˣΪʲôΣڵϦĽͰʤûˣӦǳƷˡ
ƷǿǴκһ֣ڣʺҪǼֱߵˣ
빫˵֮ǲŷ׷ð亹ЩŵĳԱ׷ƿڴʺҪ
ýʺóˣ´κһʦͻͷߣǲĿء
гʦڳĻֻºˣ
æ˵
ⲻֻһС¶ѣˣƷЦЦ˵
СԪỹδʼأæ˵һҪֻʺһֲ򵱲ˣ
ʺԽԽˣҲ֣ǼȻʺ˲չº֣ҲͲˣ᳤ⶨһսǸʺİɸڵһ£Ʒֱ˵
ƷĻʱҲǰһʱ䣬ǿܹ˽ʺѹ
Ʒһֱ֮ӿϸ߼ʦ˶֪ģ˿Ʒдʦʵġ
Ͻʺƴʦδʤ㣬Ըһڻ£·硣
ãǸúúýѵˣʱʱһҪüĸоˡ
ʱƣʺʹκ֮һεҲʼ˳ȥΪ֪
˶ڿţʺʵʩʱأһսӴκ֮͵˽ʺС
ȻǴκ֮һųƷ԰ս
˲ɵȻƷ֮ǰǸĺֱӷ˰Ͷ书Ǹô
ô͵ųϹϵˣ
ǰսԺգʮҵͣѾΪ˴ʦһʦ֮У˵Ƕռͷ
ƷǺҲ
ܿ죬Ʒ飬ѾӴκ֮д˳ȴǹڵϵ顣
ƷĿ˱κһ֮ڴʦѧͽ˸߼ʦ˵пдʦʵ
ʱһƬȻԭκ֮ŵǽͰʤ棬Ȼ֮ǰĳƷ
ҲɵЩȻ
ϾƷ˵ʵ̫İˣƷΪµһֵ飬Ҳ飬κ֮жδ˾֪˵طˡ
Ȼκû͸¶ϢǽһѾʮ־ˡ
һ֮ڴһ߼ʦǺεȺ˵飬ûǲ֪ǰ޹ǿ϶ˡ
һ֮ڴһ߼ʦ̫ˣ
κƣ£Ȼţǲ˼飡
ȷʵˣҵһ˵ҲǾò˼飬κŲſڿӣȻʱľˣ
һʱ䣬ڳƷսسֵ֮ķз


1460 ɽı
ڽʺϳǵŰѹʹκţðΪΪעĽ㡣
ټϴκųķƷǴκʷǿţһʱʹһս˹עĽ㡣
ʷǿŵĶԾҲΪĵ顣
ʺפ֮У˶Χһء
Ϊ׵ˣÿ˵϶żΪǿϢҪǿϲֹһء
˲ǽӽģȣ֮оĩ֮ˣȻһֻжʮ˾ģˡ
ʹҲ꣬ŮУǶǴŽʺɫĻ
ǵϢ˾ͲԶˡ
ǽʺһˣʺ֮ҲǺպĴĴʦ
ˣҪôǸ߼ʦҪôǽʺһš
룬ȴǱˣǰͶʱͶȫϣ˷·һӲ˼ʮһޱǷϡ
ֱ̫Ȼ˰Ͷ书
ʦ֮Уһһķ֣ŭɶ˵ĽʺʦҲһŭɶģȫȻˣ֮ǰı߻Ҫϵʤͽ书顣
һҪߣܻƲǣ
һʺʦŭĿ˵ΪʦǰͶڿʦ书ϣŭɶ
ҪôܻߣܻỹҪ׷Զ԰ʤͽֵأ
һ˲ĿһǸͶͽܡ
˶ʱҲĬˣΪҲ֪ȷʵصܻ֮ǽʺʦռ˺ܴһ֣֤ȷ£ȴҲƫǡ
֮ǰˣ˶ѾˣκҲûãκҲֻӲ
Ȼƫƫ书ǵˣͬҲп˵
һֱֶΣôκʹϳԿȴû뵽Ҳн졣
ǸĳƷʲôͷҧгݵʵ˶˵һȻ
Ͼκ˵ʵ̫ңԶˣƷʺԹҲܵ顣
ôȻҷһս飬϶һյģһʦ¶˼ֵǵɫ˵
޷ʱĴʦڿˣǴ˴ĽʺʷĴʦ
Ȼκ˴ĺʲôһ֮ڴһ߼ʦҲֻһͷѣ¶˼ЦκЭֵĶôΪƣȻԾǿЦͷ
һ֮ڿϸ߼ʦƾˣʵ־ȥˣҲܹһ֮ڿϴʦֻȡûκ壬෴ģ֤̣ⷴƲʲôţԲŲòˣ˵ƳĽʤȻǽʺܹͬȼ˵ҲʮչԲһܹģȻǺһ̣κĵѾįô꣬ôͻȻ
ķչٵģҪһһǰߵģ
ÿһӡҪʦǰ̵һͿʵͻͽͻƣ
ô˵Ҳǣⷴκ鵨ˣ
ʺ˷׷׵ͷȻϿ˰˵
Цһ˵ǸʲôƷսõģʵܹشͶڵϾȻսңǾѰ·ˣ
ʦ໥һۣȻҲϿ˰˵Ͼû֪ʵˮƽܱ֮еһ˻ҪǿԲǿΪʦô򵥡
ҲͲΪʺʷǿˡ
Ʒʦ书ѵôһͶĵӱ߽ӵ
ԣûԲܾˣҪѪծѪ˸˵
Ҳ׷׵ͷ֧˵
Ȼˣʱһʦ߿˵ѾϢ˹ˣѾӦǽὫȪڵĸһεСԪˣǹ;֮գǵڣ
᳤Ӣ˷׷˵
ʦǽʺʦЭ᳤һ˫ӵб˺ӥһâ
ٵ⼸ˣǽʺҪƽ£ôܣ


1461 ͷ
ƷһսСԪᣬ˵Ŀⶼеʦŵϡ
νһƬȻ˶֪Ʒʲô·ȻսκѾĵš
սᵽĵڶϣڽʺפΧѾΧӰνͷܶ
ֻҪܸģ϶ˣһʱ䣬ڴκפظΧˣС
ǳƷĸô
ҿӦаյģĻӦòڸôֱս飡
ϣܹĵһҪϴǰ㣬Ͱʤ˻Ǳɾ
ڳ۵зӯ죬·Ҫ춼ƿһ
ûãһȺڶÿۣǰ棬ͣ˽Ų
֣Щ˾ʲôͷʱ˽ǵݡ
ʦţ
һ֮Ľ棬Ҳסˣ
ǣΪ׵Ǹ˲Ұڰµô
˼ˣ
۷׷ף۽һԼĪʮģˣΧ˵ۣҰܵ۽ĶУɫһһס
ڴ֮УҲһ֦㣬һ֮Ψһһ˸߼ʦеˣڴ֮еˣû˻ΪܳΪʦֻʱѡ
һǰμСԪᣬΪ˭֪ȴ˰ı塣
Ӧ˵Ϊ˱壬ɰĵʯԶԶֻһѣǲģȴҲûбİ취
ϾʤѾʵֻδлΪʦѣǰȴǻʵĴʦ
ǸƷҪսҲ̲סˣʱޱȸӣϣǸƷܹݺݽѵ³Ʒڰ֮ϵʵǾԵ̫ˣͳͳڰĻʧҲԵûôˡ
ûã˼ɢʺפ֮Уһ˴פصĴ˳Ϊ׵һˣȴǱˣǽİ
˳ֻĿɨһˣȻ㣬˵°ܽҳҵǰ
Ļʱɫһһס
ûǵĶԼɣԼ˵ģˣԺңҪ񣡡Цһ˵
ɫͨ죬㲻Ҫ̫
̫ΣȻˣ͹ԹԸԼЦһʱһɿֲϢͷ˳һɿֲϢѹ֮£ڵֵסһƺߣ˲
أ
˫ֱӹ˴ʯϣֱӽһʯ˾޴ѷ죬ͬ֩һĳ˷ɢ
ðԵ
˾ҲóͰ֮ĲǵΪԶһǸ߼ʦһǴʦϵΪҲܴ
㲻ͨصΪѾǵΪ԰޻֮
ֱ̫
Ⱥ֮УвǴ֮еˣһĻɵ÷׷¶˼ŭݣǴ
Ǹǰһֱ֣ǺȺ
Ϊ˱ܻ䣬Щʦδ֡
£ֱ޵еĴڣ
һĴУ˫ȾͬǦһصĸ̧Ҳȥ·ϱһɽѹƵ޷̧ͷ
ȫķȫȫıסˣǵܡ
֪Լʵ簢ȴҲû뵽Ȼ֮
ֱѹ
ҲģҪ𣡡һиͷͬһһ𣬾֮ͬһ㣬˲鲼ȫ
ȻôŬڰǰȴûκô
ֻߵǰһߵԴ֮ϣ߷ڵء
뱨ңҲܵŭŭ𣬵Ǹϡƾ㣬ַһҲҵĶ֣
˵ŰֱһߵͷϣԴһ߽˴ʯ֮У߳һ󶴡
ΧһƬžǸû˸ֹʺպգ˭ҹ£οˣҲǰĶ֡
еѾᵽˣĥģԺ󿴵£ĻҲͲδˡ
뵽˲ɵõһ
ǺöֶΣ
أʱȴһ˶Űǿƴ˽ֿ˵֮С


1462 Լ
κˣ
˴һ˵ĿҲ֮תһˣΪ׵һµĶʮͷ꣬ˣɲǾǴκĵţͰʤô
ԭĸˣʱؾصվҲһ˿һĲġ
Ҳúܶ˲²ݣֻǴѾõǸ˵дκĵһţʵҪڽͰʤ֮ϵľš
Ҳûʲôһ͸һͨˡ˵Ʒž͸һͨһûʲôرģ漴ͷӦ˹Ĳһ
һĵţΪӦҲǷͬһ㣬ǿûΪһѵΪԾĵطô
۷׷׵ʱȴƷһߵ˰ǰɨһ۱ڽµ㣬ֻЦһ˵е˼Ļͦؿζģ
漴˻סͻȻоѹԼϵǿֲƾȻʧˣæһӷֻǴʱޱȵǱ
һ˫޵Ŀס˰Ϊ˵һΣȴҶֱ
漴ĿͿ˳ƷΪܹоղŰǱ֮Ƶġ
ͬıѩһϸϢ£ˣûһ˿һ̻˲ġ
ǸƷƷ֮УżͲмƷ̫ˣĳЩʱƣĳЩʱǾ޴ơ
ʦһҪ۵ְҵСǾԵơ

ƷһЦ˵
Ҳ̫ˣʤһԸҲ֮ǰζԴġ
ԼҲԻʤˣȴһĲڵϣá
ããҲԼɣһԺԷҪд񣬼ȻˣǾ͸ҹ£֮ɫ漴һӴһ
һɿֲ漴ֱӳŰʤͽķɨȥ
ֵǣ֮ǰ԰һУͻȻûˣһƵɨƷߵʱ򣬾ʧˣ԰ʤͽɲ˿Ӱ졣
ʤͽҲǸûһ˿һµӣ˲Ʒĵϸѵô
ڱǰһֶλУڳƷǰãڰŪ
ʱҲһЩĿ·ŵƷϡ
Ȼôϲ¹ҲһѰɣһµıˣôƷ¶˼ЦЦ飬˵
ԳƷʵмּɵϾ֮ǰͶҰ˳Ʒϣϣû˿ĺ¡
ԣˣҾҪһֻ֣¶˼飬һͷҰһ
Ҫһֻ֣ԿɣƷı䣬˿ô
Ⱒʺ飬뷽跨ķϵţ飬˫ػ
ʲôƽֻ´ûǵֵһ˲ϤһСĻܳһײϣ˭ԿɾͲһˡ
¶Ц˵ȻˣǾͿʼɣȻսµģǱԵķʽҪ
ƾʲôǰսǵʱҲûԵķʽ
̲סֱ˵
̫ˣ
ʤҲ˵
һɫһһףȴӲҧû뿪˵ԭϣƷڰĻô˱裬޲óƷܹݺݵһ
һԵҲ׷׻Ȼڳ֮У㲻мңҲǴºҵйص飬ĸףȴҪ߬С
ⰢƱŰʵǳƷ˿ʤ㣡
ôôҾ͹
ֱ˵
ƷЦһ˵Ͱ˵ķʽҪˣҪһֻ֣
ĲҪҲŭ˳Ʒ
ߺߣܹ˵ɣ
ֱ˵
ıԺܼ򵥣һʮöҩҪ˵ʲôҩģʮöҩʲôôҪ˵ʲôַĹʲôһξ䣡
ԣʱ׷׵һҪҲ̫ˣǴʦĿ˶ûôϸҪ
ֱһҪƷ䣬׼


1463 ľʵ
˷׷׽Ŀ⿴˳ƷһΣͰʤ涼ʼ
ԣǸᵣģðֻֻţǶųƷ䡣
ȻڵϵıƴͲͬˣȻ²ƷҲдʦˮ׼ǳҲǺͰĳ̶Ȳࡣ
Ҫƾղ³ʲôҩģַ̣ȵȣֱǸܵ飬бȽϼ򵥵Ĳ³ҩ;ҲʦųߵҪ
ֱǲܵ飡
ƵʦҲ׼ȷȫ²ܹ³һ󲿷֣ǾѾܲˡ
˵ȫȫһζܳ˵Ԥı
ˣܽô̵
æ˵
Ⱒǣ
ʤҲôģıȶӦϵıƴϾʦ֮ıƴȻԼһ׹ͷ
Ҳ֮ǰ˵Ʋ⡣
Цһ¿ɲ㣬սսսͲս㵱ǽʺʲô
ڰʱ˷оܣȻһɹǿϢͷ˳мϢɽһѹ
˵һʺбƷϧ
˶ˣ½ʺŹƷһ׼򣬷ǵҪϵƷˡ
˴ʱٿƷĿ⣬ʹ˼ͬɫˡ
Ȼʦ֮ıȶǣ֮һоûôˡ
ʺȻԼǿĹѹš
νƷ˵ͷ˵
ЦһųƷ¶˼ֵóѵЦݣֱԳƷġ
۳ƷӦǲӦҪϵ
飬ʺҲһˡ
Ǻܿ췵Լפ֮УȻʼ
ʱһͬը˹һ˿
Ʒڽӣ
̫ˣΪʺ˻ʲôô
ľǽʺˣ
Ҫȫ¶ԣô򵥣Ǹܵģܹеĵ
Ҳܣ˭֪ʺЩ˶ٵҪȫ³Ǹܵģ
һԵĽòУʤ浹ǰ
ô죬ǰҪԴˣ
İɣΣڵһѴˣѵܹκε˴ôʤЦһ˵
ʤôһ˵ʱҲˣƷڵ֮⣬ڴκ֮µĻǼ޵е书һܹġ
ҪƷϣǼֱˣ
뵽ϽɫҲʧˣ
һߣĵ¶˼ЦݣԭϣƷܹܰΪ𣬵ڿǸˡ
뵽ղűڵϣֲľȥҪƷҲӶԴоȻ˼Ҫһĸо
Ȼûãֻһ󾪺ӿʺפطȺ֮д˳
Ȼ¯ͽ
˾˵
ʱһɧϾʦҪ¯ģȻҲܹģҪĵġ
õκεطһʮֶָΣǴʦܹһģҲǷëǡ
ҪഫַпĻһҩڵ𼫸ߵ¶֮£һ˲ͻᱻΪɻң͸˵Ƴɵҩˡ
˶뿴ôһĻģ̫ˣûа취ֻܹͨڿഫ֪һЩ
ڽʺפΧǿĽ磬ȻѾ۲ˡ
ֶΣȻ鴫Ȼ±һ㣬ǱȷʵҲʵģ
̾һ˵Ȼʺ˿ȷʵǺܱɣҲûʲô취Ͼʺʵ̫ǿˡ
ʮöҩһƣʮȫͬĵҩȻͬʱƣ̫ˣ
漴˱˸ϣʱȺ֮еɧˣڳмҲǼһֶҪС˵ͬʱʮˡ
Ⱥ֮е𾪣ʱףʱ򣬸ûóʵѾҰˡ
βףⰢĵˮƽֻڴʦ֮Уٮٮߡ
ⰢǴţȷʵһĵţ
һԶԶ֮ϵţ


1464 Ƶĵҩ
һʮֵҩֶΣδţĻΪҪһʮã
֮УҪһһ⣬һĶö
˵һʮˣǼֱ˼漣
ԵֱӲҪ¯Ҳ飬ھǴʦ᳤ܻҲĵز
ֶβֻ츳⣬ҪǴУҪеַпȫҪ¯ҲֶΡ
ôܻĹ
ȫĵ˵˵ֻǷ֮еŵĻôӦþ֮еţȸһεġ
ֻ㣬ǽͰʤҲ¶Ϊ飬Щ˵һ㡣
ڸո̤ϵʱͱ֮ʱҪһһ⣬ܹģĻ϶Ҫʧܡ
˭֪Ȼܹһʮãֱǹ
ǳƷɫ糣Ϊֶζ˵񼣣Ƕ˵͸ֵһˣҪĻܹһİãͬʱϰֵҩ
ֻǸûֱҪóżӸҪзߡ
һ˿ܹһʮãѾˣ
ڲ¯ֱõͿڳƷ˵Ǽ򵥣ӵʼ֪֮ģַܹƵ顣
۷׷֮ʣȴֻŵһҩ˱ǶţѾһҩ˳ϴżȵš
ÿٶȣʵǿô򵥣ٶҲǿĿ£
ȷʵˣȷʵʮ־ˣ
ٹһЩ꣬ĵʵ˵лʶµһûгôˣ
۷׷׵ʱ򣬰ߵ˳ƷǰľУεľ֮Уķʮֵҩ
ɣԿʼˣųƷ֮дż˵
˿Ʒ֪ô˵˭֪ƷȻֻҡҡͷ̾һ
ʱðɫмѿ˵л˵ƨţΪӾͿɻô
Ѿ϶ˣƷ϶ͼɻأ֪ԼЩҪ󵽵жôѣ˵ԼĻܹ³һ־Ѿǳˡ
ƷЦһ˵ȻˣҾ˵ˣҾ˵ַӦõѾʧ˵ַΪҫʮʽɣĵӦҲǺҫʮʽйصҫ𣡡
ִĵҪҵһľ̫ܹƶɵģûв´ɣƷ˵ֻǾ֪ҫǳԻãҫʮʽѾʧˣӦǲ֪ʲôطõҫʮʽĴУ˵ûɣ
ɫʱһ䣬ΪƷȫ˵ˣӲ˼飬ֵΪҫõַϹŵַ鼴ڽʺĸ߲Ҳֻٲ˲֪顣
Ʒô֪ģ
Ȼ֪٣ֻ̲סˣоѾ˴ˣֻǱƷ˵ˡ
ȻĻ԰ĳǸҲ¶顣
㲻ǽ֪һƤëѣ⻹ԶԶ˵ƾӵĳ̶ȣҲҪģЩҩֱʲôĹЧʲôҩģ
һʱҲóƷʤȷʵߣȻ֮ǰȷʵ¶ˣⲻǵһѡ
Ʒ˵ƵЩҩûһ˿һҪ۵ıҪ
˵ʲôʱףĶųƷ˵Ҫʾô
ҲҪʾ䣬˵ƵЩղžѾˣû뵽㻹ִԲ򣡡Ʒ˵
㾹Ȼ˵ƵĶȫϢֱͷ˳鵤ϢֱӺɨСɽһ㳯ųƷϯȥ
˿ƷֱǾκ֮еһҶۣʱܸ
ȻƷȴҲƸûκӰ죬ңͻֱӻΪС
˵ӳîһϣĶųƷ˵ĵ츳Ľ˵ҲŵĸԴڣƷȻָֻţֱɶ
ƷǺôĿ
ǿӲŰɣϾôƵĵҩɫζ˵ǼΪģ
ҶʲôƷô˵ֻҲڻȡѣ


1465 Ҳ
۷׷ײǶֻóƷڻȡ裬ƴѡ
˵УƷ˵ļֱﲻݡ
˵Ŀⶼ䵽ƷϣǳƷȴû˿Ծֻǵ˵ʲôһʮãһʮֵҩͷβżΪʦСôҪֶż
ĿųƷ˵ƷǲżҲҵɣ˵ӳîͱ߳ȥҰˣûܹˣ
ִԲ򣬼ȻˣҾ͸˵ˣҫʮʽӦǸոյõİɣҫӦҲǸոûжðɣƷҡҡͷΪϧ˵
֣˵֮ǿģǿϧˡ
ΣǶڳƷ˵ĻҲûзϡ
ǺǣʱǲǸоؿڵĵطлգڶҫʮʽʱ򣿡Ʒ
ô֪𾪵˵飬ûкκ˵ʺЩʦҲ֪
ϾȻǶڽʺĴ֮Уͬһϣʵϣڽʺ֮Уʦ֮ҲǾϵôԽء
˵ͲһʦΪżδַóûв´ĻӦֻ˵ʮʽɣƷ˵
𾪵ɫ޷ڸǵס˹⿴Ҳ֪Ʒ˵ˣҲޱ𾪣ƷûȻ⿴һ۵ҩܹ²ô顣
ֱǲ˼񼣣ҫʮʽʲôزˣܹ²ĳѾ޷ʦľˡ
һƵʦҲ˵ĵز
˭˵ûˣҫʮʽѾˣ
ֱӷʸڷ˵
ƭңĽҫʮʽɵĻͱճһ̼ˣƷ˵ʮֵƶ
ҲЩ֣֪ƷΪʲôôƶһ㣬ѵ֪һЩʲôô
Ц֪Ķ֪һҫʮʽ飬ǰŪѵԼ᲻֪ôЦſųƷ֮еľȴ޷ڸǣΪֻԼ֪Ʒȫ˵ˡ
ǼˣƷ֪ҫʮʽ³ˣҲܲµĶŶԡ
ôƷЦЦ漴żЦ˵֪ΪʲôҸƶҫʮʽϹʧַô
ΪʲôҲ̲סʵԼû֣ӸղŵڣѾƷǣűˡ
ΪҫʮʽȱݣʮʽɹʱҲʦʱҵˣԼɵҫҹ֮ճһ̼Ҷ㻹ûҲܽҫʮʽɣƷһЦ˵ΪҫʮʽȱݣϹʱѾֹˣص׶ҪٵȻ֪ǴĶõĴУȻӦò
ʮ𾪣ɫһӱˣܹΪʦʵҫʮʽҫһӾԽ˿ԽȥĴʦż
˭֪ھȻĴƷ˵ȥǻ˵ã
һɺԣô֪Ϲʱ飡Ըϡ
ģƷЦ˵˲֪Ǻģβ֪أΪҫʮʽǱϵġ
ַһʼ;ʦİܴ󣬵ʵԽ죬Խ졣
ҲνˣҲܿҪˣΪҫʮʽʼһḶ́
ƷĻðɫ䣬ʱѾʼųƷĻҫʮʽûô򵥣ʱ˵õһϹ֮Ȼ¼ҫʮʽ֮Ҳᵽҫʮʽ¼ҲֻǿϧҫʮʽҪʧߵѪһż¼ġ
ʱ緢֮ʣҲûϣ˭֪ھȻһ
㾹Ȼ˵֪һô˵ҵĵҩ;õҩģһ䣡
ƷЦ˵ҲôûиҫʮʽĺͺҿʼӦ֮ϣЩҩѾϵˣƲʵģŵĻԼҷô


1466 һͿ
ƷĻ˵ɫһ䣬ǳƷʲô˼
ʲô˼ѵԼ֪ôҫʮʽȱݵַҫҲ̫ԵֻҪͨҫƶɵĵҩȻͻǵҩɾ޴ƻ
Ʒ˵
Ѫˣ˵˵ֱӷ˵ʵϣҲûʼʱ򶨣ΪȻҫʮʽʱ䲻ǺܳƺҲЩ⡣
ǲǺ˵˵ܼ򵥣鵤֪ˣƷ˵Ӧ鵤ްɣԲ֪ˣ
鵤ͬѧʵʱϲõС࣬ٴʱʹõģǿµĵʱǲֱʵģʱ򣬻϶鵤ʵ顣
ҲϹʱʹķЩ鵤޶Ǿ弫Уҩ̷ȥ֮ʲôķӦ˵ܿͻֳˡ
Ʒ˵ֻҲ׳Ʒ˵ӦǶԵˣϾ֮䡣
⵹ǣҪҵһͷ鵤޻ףֱԾ֪ҩǲЧˣ
ҿƷĵֻ²٣
Ҳ˵ϾǼ٣ҪʵĽ
Ҳţ
ҧ˵ԼƵĵҩ⡣
ߴһͷ鵤ޣʱȺ֮УһڶһСӣ֮УһĽŵأȫŵɫƬСһ˫۾ˡ
ȰԣȴƷһֻץ˳ľ֮еһöҩ
һöҩӦǾĵɣֵҩӦܹ˾Ʒ˵ںܶ˵벻ܹ˾ľĵΪҪ򣬾͵ҪųһȻɲףоĵĻһо׵Ķˡ
һöĵӦǱ޸˵˰ɣгҩĲ֮⣬иҩ˰ɣֱ޲ɼĵҩЧֻɣǳɱȴһƷĵ˵Уһöĵûκܣȫǰ
ųƷھ˵ôϢɵҲЩ̾Ʒֱ£ЩҩǵĻҪרŵ豸ܹ;ǳƷӿһۣȫģֱǸ顣
㶮ʲôǸⱾͲƽģɱ⣡
ŭǿЩĵҩܹͨʦĿˣΪ˽ʺʷĴʦ
ǿЦɲģƷЦһֻһԸ뷨ѣԭҩ֮ΪҪ޺۲ݾȻˣ֪޺۲þۺҩԣܹҩյЧٷ֮ʮʲôֻ֪ΪҩͷƳľĵֽ˵ȷʵɵҩȻʵأЧʻԭİ˳ɣ㻹˵ĸǳɹģ
Ʒ˵ɫΪЩȫȫƷ˵ˣڹȥ֮УˣǼʺʦЭỹΪ˴ʦ
Ϊÿһʦ޸ĵģÿһγҪܳʱĥϣһʱȱҲ㲻ʲôպҲܹ޸ġ
ΪѵõģԼҲΪģ벻⡣
αƴʱصѡ־ĵǿ׼Ǳģ³ƷµóǾѵֲǰձ׼ƳģƷ֪ǾĵҲ֪Ƶġ
õʲôϾ͸ܱƷ֪ˣ
˭֪ھȻƷһƣҿƷ˵ӣֱǰ㣬Ϥзĵģֱӵеĸִ
뵽ֱͬ׺䶥һĸо
ʱ򣬳Ʒһöĵι鵤޵ĿС
ųƷ˵һ˵ĵӦܹƽͣŶԣһöĵΪϹ˹̺͵ټлӽҫĻԪأҸҶԣһöĵǵһͷ鵤ƽͣһͷ鵤ޱ
ȻƷ䣬һͷ鵤޾Ȼʼĵͺײˣԭ׵ƬҲʼͨ졣
˿һĻɵõһȫƷ˵ˣһ˷ˣܻδػôķӦ鵤ޱǾģŶڵҩǳзӦʡ
鵤ӣȫȫ֤˳Ʒ˵ˡ
ƵĵҩʸûУ
ˣһͿأ


1467 ȫɱ
ĿɿڴĿǰһĻ϶Ҳš
ԼƵĵҩȻô⣬ƫƫƷҳˣʱоƷǸ߸ϵһ㷲ʲôϷ޷ùǸ߸ϵ
Ҳ޷ϣƵĵҩ⣡
ҫԭҲĽڣΪҫ˲֪ٿࡣ
ȻȴȻһӱƷ䷲ĵʲô㲻ϣΪʹġ
˴ʱóѾˣǲҰܣ
Ӳ˼ǣƷô֪ô࣬붼ûĵطǳƷȻܹȫĿֱǲ˼漣
ˣĵҩҲʸûУ֮ǰԼ¹ɣ
Ʒ䵭˵
˳ƷĻʱɫһ䣬֮ǰǿ¹򣬾Ϊ˴ġ
ڵΪˣȻ֮ǷëǵĴڣĸ֮ţԼžԵţԵûˣôպڵϵĽʮֵˡ
ڳƷȻҪֶԭⲻԼϡ
Ʒ㲻Ҫ̫ҧ˵
̫ΣƷЦ˵
ɫѿ֮ǰ˵ĻǸʱ˵緢ʱ򣬵һ仰ŵԼϵʱ򣬲Ÿоȫȫ޷ܡ
ߣƵĵҩΣûܹ˵ƵĵҩϣҩЧȣӦˣҴдһæ˵漴æת˽ʺפ֮С
ǰˣƷЦһҹ£
һ˲䣬ʱоͬһѹһ㣬һɿֲϢѹǱܵİվվסһ͵ع
֮ǰʱ޻֮һģԳƷʱҲͬ޻֮
ڳƷǰҪЩֶΣǻԶأ
ƷҪʲôңʺŹģ
æһ˵
˵־Ͷ֣ƷɱϣǾˣ
ʺ˵ѵûһǰô
ǿЦˣղŰŰӣڻǾʧ룬˵һģ
˶ʱͬը˹һз׷Ϊݣ֮ǰڿҪ֮ǰĶԼֵԼʱȴȫױ׼
ʲôб޳ܣǱ޳ܣ
ʺƨǵĴҶ£οֹ
ƷЦһ
ղŲǽеĺܻôأ
󵨣
ؾʱ򣬽ʺΧĸ̲סˣȻǵĴʦΪ˱ӣѾһ뿪ˣΧŲٵĽʺĸֵġ
еĸ֣
ˢ
ˢ
ˢ
һӰ㳯ųƷ˹ǵٶȿ죬ȴбǸģȴ֮У֮۶ɣһֻֻ֣ץ˹ȥ
Щͨ۶ĸһ˲Ͷͳͳץסˡ
˶ˣ֮бץסЩֱ֣š
ö֣е֣ʺԤıˣ
ǿ϶Ϊ˷ƷضԼ˭Ҳû뵽ܵ˾ȻǰԼ
˼ˣʺҪĴˣߵˣƷǺηʥôôֲϣȻһж߲ȥ
ޱ𾪵ʱȴƷֻ赭дذ׵ƣȻ͵һץɲǼ䣬֮һֻֻҲ͵һץȻЩʺõĸֻûüӳԼʵѾһֻֻ͵һץˡ
һ˲䣬ȫ
˴ʱ׷׵ɴ۾ųƷʱҲ֪ô˵ˣƷֳʵ̫ˣͬ߶Ȳˣ˵ֻʦˡ
ʱǲ֮ǰƷΪʲôˣֻ¸Ͳ½ʺǷˡ
ղŻİʱҲɵˣȻųƷȴܹ۲쵽ģȫȫıɵˡ
Ʒֳս̫ˣѹ˽ʺ׼µĸ֡
ʱŷ֣֮ǰʺڳƷʵķǴشƷԲֻ鵤ڶѡ
ֻƷֳķȷʵֻ鵤ڶѣ˭뵽ȻǳƷڰϻ


1468 
֮ǰǶڳƷеƲ⣬ͳͳǴģ
Ʒߵ˰ǰ֮飬ֱһż̤˰ͷϣݺݲȵͷϣһŽͷ­ȵ˵ϡ
أ
ֻһ޴ޱȵĺ˲ѿֻоһӣֱޱҡ
ȴû˻ʲôͬ飬֮ǰŰģ˶
һԵҧһ˫۾ͨ죬趼ûȥΪ˿Ļ档
ȻԼҲѾˣûи뷨ˡ
Լһϵһֻ֣
Ʒ˵漴һֻ͵ץ˰һֻ֡
ֻһҽУֱ۱Ʒһץ
ҵֱۣ
һҽУͬʱʶֱ۲ٳˣҪֵ֪֣Ѿ߱һЩͨ߱ĳ֫ĳЩطĴ֮£Ҳȫһܵġ
ܹоƷϵһֱȴͬȫȫûκλָĿˡ
Ҳ˵ҪԶԶΪһˡ
ȻƷһ˰ϣֱ߷˳ȥһҽֱ֮ӻ˹ȥ
ϵ˰ֱ֮󣬳Ʒת뿪
һνĽҲǵһʱ䴫СԪᣬһʱ䣬Ʒ
űλٶģ
ʱ䣬ͨŽʤ棬˵ļλһԾΪϵһʦͷˡ
ǳƷŻ˰飬һٳ֪
˵ƷˣƬµʦ֮жҪˣϾСԪϱ;ۼ˴ĶʦǸԹң֮ʦ֮еٮٮߣ㲻ʦҲǴºйصҵȦˡ
СԪϳƷҲζҪʦȦһˣ֮ǰǰ㣬Ȼ֪ȴг֮У˳ûʲô֪ˡ
𰢹˵Ʒ͸СʮѾǴʦĳ̶ȣ˵ֻǰѵһôƷܾǹͷһݵġ
ϾϵвϵУϵͷǰлԣǵϵжʦľ飬ʶеȵȶżߵҪ󣬳ɲʱҪ͵Ķˡ
κжٵǿߣǾ̶ȲĴʦҲһƵëǡ
ǳƷǴʦ¶ûж
ȴΪƷĺ𾪣˵ϵһֻ֣Ҫϵһֻ֣ߵĶһݽɫ
ж׵ģƷǵ֮
ˣûжڴκھԲһûУѾʼ׽ǲҪʼƷϢˡ
Ͼͬ죬δʮڣǷǰһ˽⣬ûл
ʱڽʺפ֮ڣһȺٸϻĽʺĴʦһˮ
ڵķΧ籩ǰٵƽһ
̫ƷȻ۸ǵͷˣҪ
һʺĴʦһŭһ֮еĳĬ
ʦƷʦд
ҪѪծѪ
֪ͨڣѪҲãǻȪҲãɱ
ЩʺʦЭĸ߲ʱͬը˹һƽҲֻ۸˵ķݣ۸ǵġ
ҪԸһʦǴʱҲо˴
ʵҲȷʵǳ˴͵ʴף
ǽʺǿʦԶȴκҪ࣬Ҳô
һͷǰǸǽʺ֮δĶӱˡ
ʧ֮㹻ЩƽҲĶǵĸ·ǿǶоˡ
һα뿪ʵҲû߶Զȥ˴κǼʦǸסˡ
벻κ˾ԮĻᣬ˭֪ǵİ˴
˼һȺͨɱһɱˡ
Ѿкܾúܾöûйʧˣ
ԲôˣҪõʦܻǣ
Բôǣ
õʦܻǸƷ
˶Ŀ⿴˽ʺʦЭĻ᳤һһӥǵߡ
˶˹ʺĵʦЭ᳤ֻ˵ô𣬰޲ɼ̲֪Ȼ˽ĶԼڱ˷һֱô˵Ŀ֮£ܻҲƫǣ
ܻ᲻ƫǣɲûа취


1469 ʺʦЭᱻɵˣ
ʺʦЭĻ᳤˵ߺߣҵʦЭܻƲǣҲа취У
ô᳤Ϊʲôô˵˲ɵÿʵ
ǶɱǳƷҲɱǸƷɱˣʺʦЭ᳤˵
ôܣٵ֣һЩǷĵ֣ʲôɱõģҿһ鵤۷ĸ֣
ԣҲʶһ鵤ڵĸ֣Ҫɱ練ƣ
ҲˣƷ
˵ʵ֮Ҳûìܣ˴֮乴ĶǵҲƽʱΪһԴҲͬӡ
ε鲻ͬƷֱӺԥķʦȻǣȴҲǸоԼܵƣһĸо
˶ڳƷŻ˵ߣڽʺ֮˱ˣֻ˽»Ҫֳƿء
鵤۷壿鵤ڣҲֱӸǣֵεߣɶ˶һ֣
ʺʦЭ᳤ֱЦһ˵
ôܣ鵤۷ĸκҲûٸɣѲκĵʦЭỹΪ˳ƷĲɣ˾һ˵
ʦҲͬţ鵤۷弰ĸ֣ʲôڣڽʺ֮УǶ֮ٵģټĽʺ֮УҲֻʮּĸ֡
ÿһͬһһ붯һֵĴ۶ܴ
ּĸּʶ㹻飬׵Ҳȥ룬̫ˡ
ǰǻ᳤˼ּĸ־ȻҲǲģ
˵Ȼţּĸ֣˵ģȥκ۶ɱκʵҲгɹļˡ
ѵƷȴκʵۻɱ
κĵʦЭƨǻܷﲻɣʺʦЭ᳤Ц˵
ûн϶ͷκʦЭǼ˴ĵʦЭᣬҲ
κʹҲǿܺͽʺѡ
µǳƷˣʺʦЭ᳤˵Ϊ飬ѾǹҵκǱԱƷ鱨ˣǲôţһΪҪܳһʱܵ鴦鱨Ȼʱ䣬ѾͨˣƷκɲһ
һ鱨ҪǧȥģǶڶ鱨ȴС͵ĴֱӴͣЧʾ͸ߵĶˣֻҲȽϴһ㲻ǷǳƷѡ
ԭҲûнƷȻƷʦƷҲ鵤ڶѣΪѾǾˡ
̥￪ʼҲˣ
˳Ʒ鱨ӶҪɳˣŷ֣֮ǰȫ̫СƷˡ
ñëһִӱĸо
ǳƷ鱨һɣ
˵ţʺĵʦЭ᳤֮ץһƬ򣬹ڳƷ鱨ͶһƬССС
Щʦ͸߼ʦҲʼһһԪ̽ȥ鿴
֮УͽӶ˵һڿ˳Ʒĵ֮ǺͽʺʦЭ᳤һ׷ֻõһƴӱ֮бĸоһ
ֻоһ˲ص˺һĸо
ЦǣЩ˵ΪѾﵽ˺ֵĵزˣֻ亹ĸо֪Ѿжûйˡ
µһ֣ӵнᵤΪ
һ֮Ʒκ͢һκʵλȫµʱ
һ׮׮һǿ˷׷׵һ
һ˲Щ鱳Ǻεȿµʵͨ˿һЦ֮ȴԣ֮м㲻ǵҲͨ߶Σǰ벽ΪΪˣǲһᵤĸ־ζʲô
ָ֣һƺ֣ÿһһңѹһˡ
һ֮һǿȽŸˣǿʺּĸ֣ҲǷëǡ
ս˵ּĸ֣һ˾ͿԽǽʺʦЭɱ⡣
ƫƫ֮ǰⲻϵô
ʱǲףƷΪδͷβһ޿ֵӣԭ̡
һγƷˣûܱȵùѵ԰ʵ˵ǼǾа취ܹȳƷ¹ô
룬뷨ʵ̫Цˣû⾿һʲôĹ


1470 ֣
ᵤĸ֣ÿһѹһˣ¶ûжּĴڡ
ֻΪ֮ȻǾò˼ǣƷ͡
ϿƷᣬȻƷ;ȻҲ󣬲Ƕʮ͡
ʮĽᵤָ֣붼ûѵǴ̥Ϳʼô
ôܻ˾˵Ϊ
Ƕ֮ǰǻĵҪƷ˭֪ƷȻôһ
ڶʮʱ򣬻ѧͽ˲ҲǳΪһһĳʦѣܹ߼ʦĶˣǰһ㡣
ǳƷȴͬʮǵڵŴʦΪΪǵ˽ᵤ
ѵǹô
ڼ̵ķΧ֮Уڿ˵
Ҫôɱ
˳Ʒ֮˶ʼùģɲǲùģʵǳƷսʵ̫뺷ˡ
ԭµһ֣ᵤƻĶϣϾƻĵĴǽʺ֮Ҳӵټ
Ǵκ֮Ψһĸ֣˵κĳһƻĳġ
ȻֿµĴھȻ˳Ʒϡ
ǳƷжǿĸֻڳƷǰһ
Ǿٲ˽⣬ǽᵤ鵤֮ĲǻǷǳģûкͿǸز
ǰǽ˶ˣҲɱɣ̾һ˵
ʺ֮еȻҲĸּ֣ĴڣɲĶĶģǳֵĶһĸ֣˵Ҫϸϸ
ĶȥܹԸ˳Ʒˣ
ȴҲõģȻⲲɱĴڣѾ˺ĸ߶ע⣬ѾϢȥˣѾӦǲǰһһҪɱʱʺĵʦЭ᳤˵֮ĹâƷĴڣʺ˵Ǿ޴в
֣²ʰɣĻܻϾͻͺģ
и߼ʦ˵
ʦЭܻǶ֮ȻȻԼĵߣʦЭ֮ĶǶһֻ۱һֻۣиǵĵɱˣǺʣ˺ˡ
Ļܻ֮вٽʺĴʦĴڣҲȥ
ϾʦЭܻһ˹ҵȻڵʱ䣬ҪȽʺʷҪĶˡ
ҲûҪʦЭܻͷҲֻ飬˵ʦЭıȫӵнᵤĸȻＶ
֪ʦЭܻĿ£ǱҪֻûԸȻ˺
ûϵСԪҲϾҪˣʱǻҪ뿪ǿڰ·ϷʺĵʦЭ᳤˵
ôֱ뿪Σʵ֮ڣдģֻǶһҪƵĴ۶ѡ
κʦǺҪߣǿҲδס
ߺߣôףѾܻǺ˹ر˴ӲˣҪһӵдĵطҲ֮ңôԶľ룬㹻ȥˣʺʦЭ᳤˵ʮ㡣
ô˵ŷ׷׷
ȻˣǱȻһʧˣһΣҪ֮أ
в̫ˣɱˣֻգ
ʱǽͷͻظǸκСʵۣ
˶ʱһɨ֮ǰգܹɱƷķҲɵ÷
ͬʱڴפ֮УЩʦҲһˮҲѾյԴκ֮еĹڳƷϡ
ʵϣֻǽʺһЩڴκ֮ԼļֻˮƽͲθвͬǹڳƷȴѾˡ
ϾĿһսѾ׽һж¶ˣƷҲǵһ¶ӵнᵤս
ͽʺʦǲ࣬ʦҲǳ׵׵±ˡ
㣬ڼţʮˣҲǸոմﵽ˸߼ʦѣʦ֪жԶ˵š
һֱҲôΪģһֱݺݴĽΪֹ


1471 ˾
Ȼ֣ͳƷһֱΪеİʲôأ
Ͼֻǿ˴ʦУҫʮʽ⣬ֱƷϵһֱֻۣԺҪʦˡ
밢ȣƷĿ£
δһʮˣȻܹڵϺ϶ӵ˾˺ҫ۵Ϊ
Ҷ˵˵ɣҪô죬Ʒǿƣ˵Ǻ»ǻ£ʱһŹĴʦЭ᳤һ֮󣬻Ŀ˵
ҿҲδزǺ£Ͼڽʺѹ£ݲǺκһ˿һͷĻᣬκ֮оȻţԽʺһ϶ǲƷȥĻֻҪſɽۻͿˣ˭ʤ˭˵ˣʱһʦ˵
Դӿ˵ģƷȻһᵤĸ֮ѾϨҪҳƷ鷳뷨
ʲôЦǿĸ֣ĴڣǴ֮ҲֻиѣôΪ˶ԸƷһˣڴ˵Ǿ޴ʧ
²ܣóƷˣôϾҪӭһµĸֵı
ƷҲҪӲֻҪһٵһǣܿһ
ּĸָܹԸ˵ģΨͬĸַܹ⡣
ô˵Ʒ𣬵һоâڱҲӦǽʺǣҲûôš
ʱõİ취
ܿ죬˾Ѿһ£˫֡
һʱսƣûһ˿һĻȨƷ˻ġ
뵽Ҳ̲סòģƾʲôƷͿԳΪĿĽ㡣
ƷҲһǰùϵҲǺбҪģʱʦЭĻ᳤ܿ˾˵£ҲҪύƷ
ţֻҪδڣֻµ˶Ҫɫ¡
ѾԽ˹Ҽǿߣ
ֻнʺʹѣҲõ˳Ʒϣǿϵ鱨Ҳ׷ɵˡ
ʱǲ֪ƷжôĿ¡
֮ǰƲǰ㣬ƲҪֲһٱһǧ
ᵤĸ֣һˣͿԽȫ¾
û뵽ƷȻǽᵤĸ̫ˣʵ̫ˣ
ǰ첻ͻȻðһᵤĸôǽн޳ɣҲɣ
Ҳ˵ˣһʮţǽ̵ĸֶ¾֮ǰܼʮϰ궼һĸ֣Ŷʱ䣬һĶ֣ǿˣ
˶ƷǰʱĽ޳Ტֻۣû֪Ʒǽ޳
Ҳû˸ȥ룬ϾһǽţһǵϵţʶĲȥ룬Ļʵ̫ˡ
һ׷׸пŶ̶ʱ䣬ţʵ̫ˡ
ڸڵƷӿɽ¥ʱΪǵĳƷȴûһ̩ɽ
Ҫôǹ˼У벻صǰҩĵ˽ףҪôǲμСԪᣬ·ʦֵ̽
ֻǾ˰飬ʱѾû˸С˳Ʒ׷׽˴ʦһ˵˲òĿ࿴
֮󣬸Ѿõ˵ʦЭܻ֪ͨΪĴ󻵵ˣʲôͳͳʹá
Ҫʹã͵Ҫ뿪һǳ֮вдʹá
ϢһʱһСɧеʱ̣˵Ͼ˵Ĳ²⡣
ʺڵʦЭܴ֮󣬵ܲһ죬ڵʦЭ֮ҲͬӵвС
ϢҲǣнʺʦЭӰӣʶ˴²򵥡
ЩѾµһЩ½ʺһξ߲ƶĿǳƷ
κʦЭĴҲǵһʱ͵õϢϵģ᳤ҵ˳Ʒ
ʦҸոյõϢڵĴƻ޷ʹãܿܺͽʺйأֻ߲ƣ
Ʒ˵ͷ֪ˣ
ûһѪ˳ô飬ƷҲͻһ䣬֪ˣ


1472 ΣڵϦ
ǲ׳ƷΪʲô˾Ȼܹ˵ĵ
ϾѾᵽ˲Ծĵط˵ǴκĵʦЭˡ
ǺͽʺĵʦЭԿҲһˣ϶֣ڽʺʦЭȻ˽ġ
ѹͲųôĽʺŹƷǽʺʦЭ᳤Ҳ϶ŹƷģʦЭŶܳ¡
⴫ûκԤ׵ͻȻˣף
ô֪һ㣬ʺʦЭ᲻СԪ϶֣ϾڵʦܻˣѵǾûء
ⲢǾͿԸˣһ·Σأ
ʦʺڣҪǶǲɲ˵Ѿ˴Ϣˣǵȹڵ֧Ԯֻ»Ҫ̵ʱ䣬м䣬ʱضܱͻϮ
˵¶˼ֵǵ顣
ƷһЦ˵ͻϮǲã뽫նɱ˭ɱ˭˵أ
ֲ¶Է෴ģ¶Էĸоʲô
ͻȻһ飬ƷΪǿǴдﵽ˽ᵤʵʲôµġ
ڣʺҲѾõ˳ƷˣϾҲʲôܣҲŸڴκ֮лûаǱ
£ʺжĵӸҶԳƷ֣
ҲϾһᵤǲѰ·ô
ּĸһ˾ͿԽһĵʦЭٵĸɸɾȻʦĵλܸߣǹף⻹һǿΪ硣
ƷǸǿߣ
뵽Ʒʵɵ΢һô˵ֻҪгƷڣôǵİȫǿԵõϵġ
ʺҪ֣ҲÿԼûʵˣ
ʱһһĹȥһգۣʱȥСԪҲĻһεСԪϣ֮ϣȴǳƷ
νһٳ֪Ҳˣ
ƷӲΪ֪ĬĬţʦ磬Ҳ˶̶յʱ䣬µʦʶʲôǿ
ʱ䣬λһ֮еĴҲû޺ãô󲿷ֵ˶಻סˣʼ׷׶ظԵ֮С
УĿľǴκš
һ죬κҲڶˣֻǣͬʱͬһ춯ĻдĴš
ֻǴҪǰ߰ˣȻ˵Ŀ궼һµģǺȻ˶ҪʹκĴһߡ
Ͼ˶֪ʺ϶ʹưոݣֻһ·Ϸ겻Ъ
޾֮Уһֻ޴ޱȣչῪʮ׳ľ֮ϣκһΡȻ
һ־񣬳ž޴๣ͨɫ˵ӵһЩнѪǿһ㡣
վ棬۵糸綼ܹͬ˻ҲЩ˶Ϊǿĸ֣Լγһ֣ŲܵӰ졣
־ҲֻйҼܹĳ·ޣһ
ÿҪԵʳѾ㹻һˣ
վ־ϣֻҪһʱ䣬ͿԸϵһ͵㣬ʱȻͿֱӴͻشκȻЩۣȻףǴһΣ֮Уһжֵõġ
أ˱Ŀʱ򣬾͵һͣһӾʹӱĿ֮оˡ
׷̧ͷۿȥԶڷһ˵սѪɫսףֳֳĴһΧס
ޱѿΪǷ֣ΧеˣȴǴеĽʺ֮еľѪ˭أ
ΧסˣȴҲһˣǴʦţΪ˴ʱ䣬ûкʹκһߣȴȻҲ⵽ѪĹ
ǽʺǷ𣿾ȻҶ֣
УʦЭ᳤ţϵĺµĹȻʦȴҲһʵ鵤ĸ֣ΪѾ鵤ڣ鵤ǿ֮УǺպĴڡ
ǸûãͬеĻмʦټϹǰĴʦҲֻʮѣĹģκεطǲС
ƫƫѪʱ򣬸޻֮
Ѫ̫ǿˣֻ˶ѣͿѹʦš
˵һΣʺ˵ǸƵͬԭĽʺʦڣжʮּΧ
ʦΣڵϦ


1473 Ŀֲս
ǻܹӵĵôɱ˭֪Ǹɵģ
ʺʦЭ᳤Ц
˲أԭͲʮ֣ڸ˹룬Ǹ޷ѪɵĿֲ
֣ѰľͿɱ߽߳ΨѪ־֮еľȫͬġ
ɣ
ʦЭ᳤ҵغ뽫ϢͳȥǸûа취ΧѾʦ˽磬ҪȥϢͳͳ
ãߣ
ʱʧɫ˵
Ҳû뵽ȻʺֱˣڽʺΧɱʦš
ϾͷӦ˹ʺ˾ǣԵĿ겻ֻǴκʦŶѣ˴ʦš
֮ǰʦΪ˺ʹκʦŻޣǰˣ˭֪ⲻ˱Χˡ
ȻʱѾˣ֮еɫĽͻȻһ˿ֱӽС
κ˲
Ѫֱӷֳһ룬Ƭ֮䣬ͽκŰΧ
Ϊ׵ȴǱˣǽʺĵʦЭ᳤
ôĵӣǽʺѵҪսôŭӵغ
ƾǣˣ˭֪أʺʦЭ᳤Ц
ֻҪץʵ֤ݣѵκʹΪЩֱӺͽʺսɡ
֣һֲл·
ʱʦЭ᳤æ˴κųֵʱ֮־ϲ
ΪһأںôҲ˼ֻȥ
ʺѪˣ֮󣬿֪ҲΨһĻˣ
ǷǳΣ飬ܹ뿪Ҫģ˭֪ǱΧˡ
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κŵҲĿ⿴˳ƷʱΨгƷǵĹǣ
Ʒھϣ۾£ʱҲò۾ûѧԣ
Ʒվ˵ȻҾ·
񣬸ϣɱ
ʱʺʦЭ᳤һ
ǧѪ̤Ĳ˹
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ɲǼ䣬һֻ޴Ľӡճ֣ĻȪˮϯ¡
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Ʒһһ£ǻȪ̤Ľŷ
ɲǼ䣬սնһסˣ·صΪһᡣ
¡
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أ
أ
أ
ֲĻȪˮϯһУǧѪֻһɲǼѾױ˿㱻Ʒһż̤ǧˣ˹롣
ôܣʺʦЭ᳤ֱ˼ĿǰһУǧѪʲôĸҪһӵкüɣҲˡ
ȻƷһɱ룬ǿֲĽѹһУѪµľһ֮£һ
˵˶ƷĿֲʵŵˣ޵еѪȻڳƷǰ˲һֱǵ߸ˡ
˵Ŀزô
𾪵˵ȻǶ֪ƷнᵤΪ֪֪ȴʶʱǰ¡
ʶ֮ǲףΪʲôᵤĸֻĸˡ
һ鵤ѪĶ֣ѪƷһŶס
֮෴ǣʦźʹκʦŵĳԱ׷ʿ񣬳Ʒʵûˮ֣෴ĻԶԶ˴еĳ̶ȡ
ҲζųƷʵԱˡ
Ʒ鲻䣬ֻһ̤Ѫľѣ˵ʲô֮ǰΪԶԶڵʱ򣬶ܹɱ¾Ѫ
˵ڣ˵ս˽ᵤǧ˵ѪγɵľƶûκӰ졣
ʱƷĿ⿴ǽʺĵʦЭ᳤Ц˵浽ˣ

ʺʦЭ᳤ʱӴ·һͷµ޸һ㣬ΪѾ鵤۷塣
ս֮ϣΪǿģԳƷʱȴһϢĸо·һԶԶ߹ԼĿֲڡ
Ǿһ˲䣬һֲĽâɨ˹һ˲䣬ֱն˽ʺʦЭ᳤
ͣ
ǽʺʦЭ᳤룬˲


1474 
ɱ
鵤۷ĸڳƷǰһжŲȥ
鵤۷ҲãѰ鵤ҲãڳƷǰûʲôֱ
սǸزѾһУ
ʱƷ߸߾ֱۣɲǼ䣬֮ϣƾۼзڡ
˶ܸܵһɿµѹѹţƷֱ͵һӳһţɲǼ䣬ֱͬһ㣬˲ϯһС
˿ޱȿֲѪһ֮˲һ˲䣬ͱ˽̿
Ƭ֮ս֮ϣѾһƬǽ壬ѪѾȫ֮أ֮ͬһ䵽˵ϡ
ʣµǶʮ鵤ĸ֣ҲͬҲ̶ãΪ˶׵ɱ˵þȫ
ǹȻûģɱ֮бɱҲѾǱѾ֮ˡ
ﻹ֮ǰֺɨµƣڳƷĹ֮£ֱ޻֮
ʱս֮ϣ˶ɵˣǰһĻͲûɵˡ
ղŵеʱǸҲҶһСľͱɨˣһҲûκΰ취
ֿµѾԽܹӴļˣ
Щǳ۾һһҲû䵽ǵϣ
һͬʱҲ׷׾ĿųƷҪ֪ζųƷЩ֮ƿѾﵽ˾׵ĵزп顣
ǵĻûͷųôֲ֮ͷ˳Ҳܾ׼Ƶÿһ֮
ͬʱҲζųƷľӴһĵزΨˣпô˼ĵز
ͬҲζųƷʵΪµģ
ӱնɱһˣʵô
ŵĳԱһڿˮ˵ǴδƷֹ֮пҲֻǴ֮пѡ
ʱǲףĸ֣ζʲô
һǱ·ѪǰǶ֣
ʦЭ᳤һѪ֮˵
ʱ״̬ή֮ǰµ״̬ûа취ȽϣΪ֮ǰȼԼǿսںòսڿһˡ
ʱٿţʱЩᣬǶ̶ʱ䣬˽룬Ϣȥֻ֮Ҫˡ
Щĸ֣ĸûдͽͽϵ鲼ֻЩͨĸ֣Ҳͬġ
̫ˣʺ˸˶֪ʵҲû뵽ʺȻɥĲҲŹ
Ϊµ˽ʺ˿ҪԴκ֣ǲŻƶʺ˲һȻǻ̫С˽ʺķˡ
ʺʣµЩҲǱɵˣϾͷӦ˹ϾҪߡ
أڴʱһ䣬һɿֲѹԶֱӺɨ˹
ɲǼ䣬ͱ˲ˣ˵ɫһ䡣
и֣
һӶӦ˹ʱ׷ɫ䡣
һϢ̫ˣԶԶĹɽһĺɨ˹ֿµѹ˶һȻо̩ͬɽѹһ㡣
ʺĸϷ׷¶˼ϲ飬ΪѾ֪˭ˡ
ʱ׷ϣҪ֪֮ǰƷǵѹʵ̫ˡ
û˿·ּĸ֣ǳ¾Ҳûѡˡ
뵽ʮּɲǼͿʼһѹɨķȥ
ڲҪߣߵôƷޱȵᣬָһâʼ˳һâٵתƬ֮䣬ѾĽâ׷˳ȥ
ͣ
ͣ
ͣ
һֲĽâֱӶЩͼߵĸֵǸֵסѾشˣʱﻹ˿ʤ㡣
ЩֵնѪ˲䣬սˡ
ң
һ޴ԶһӰѾ˵ǰ
һĸߴһĳۣһӡ
ʺ
ĸֿˣֱӵһ˵ݣȴǽʺ˭ء
е˼Ҫʹȥˣ˵ԺգӲɱս
˭˲£
ǴκʦŵĳԱҲ׷׵һֻú󱳷ƴӱĸоһ


1475 
˶סˣͺС͵ĵ׶һ㣬ǿֲƾܹסˡ
ôĵӣ
һŭֻ΢һ㣬û뵽Ȼһľ棬Ѫټ϶ʮ֣лʮǸټĴʦ
ʧԽʺʵȻ㹻۵ġ
һеײǱˣǰһ
ڿƷĵһʱϳǰ˭
Ǳˣ֮ǰҪĳƷ
Ȫںڰ׶ʹͻϮǵʱҲҪ͹˭֪ƷһȭƴʹĴʧˡ
֮ǲ˴ĸͻκҪɱƷȴɱ
ڳƷ뿪˴κ֮󣬴κĻϵ˫ҪնɱƷ
˭֪һս˲أʮѪʮֵˡ
ǰǰڳƷϵһ֮սĽҲˡ
˵Ѫټʮֵˡ
뵽ǰǰʧ۵ҪΪʧĻ϶ǰǰô˵ʧ
ʺκʹƶȶһ϶ԲΪλǽʺںĵ
ʵջĸֵͶЧܹΪʺ֮еĵ
µĸ߶սƷ¾£˵ΪĵλҪ᧿Σˡ
ϾȻֻıѡѣǹҲвٵλ£Ϊ̫ӵԼޱֵܣҲжλû֮ˡ
֮ǰλޱȹ̣ȻѾ᧿Σˡ
һе׾ǰ֮ˡ
޲ýƷʬΣ
ôĵôƷЦһŲǸոտʼѣϴһսûܾˣӦҲôðɣãһ˶ϣ
ӵ⵽Ȫںڰ׶ʹͻϮʼһֱǾһٵҪԸƷ
һֱ˽죬ڳƷ˵ڵʱˡ
ããã
ҧгݵ˵ûнϷû뵽Ȼĸ󻼣
ĿųƷ֮ǰѹҲûнƷûгֵ
ΪԼѾ㹻سƷˣÿһζʦڣǲǰκնɱƷʮѪΧνء
ǾȻǱƷˣ
һֱڣƷȻĸ󻼡
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֮л־飬ƷŹȥ˶ãȻǿزһ
ڲʶһ㣬ѾˣƷЦЦ˵
ȷʵĶ֣ڣѾȫŤתˡ
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ᵤǽᵤ
֮˾˵һᵤĸ֣ڲ֮оȻ˽ᵤ
Ʒ֮˼ֲ飬֮ǰֹȻֻһ˲ѣǸʱӦûֻ鵤۷壬û뵽ھȻ˽ᵤ
ʱѾ˽ᵤµʱƷĹЧ
˵ˣ
ʱ䣬һֱûԶ֣Ӧͻƽᵤڸոͻˣֱˡ
Ʒû뵽ɣЦһֱ磬ǽʺ֮еͷ
ÿһܹȡΪȻҲǽᵤĸ֣Զлᡣ
ΪԵõĵط
Ѿ˽ᵤ棬ڣ
˵
˵ţϵķֱӳųƷϯ
ǿֲ⾳ֱӻһƬޱ޼ʵսս֮ϣʬɽѪôսɳ۶ɵ־
ս
ս֮£Ѱֱƾͱˣܶһǰв
䣡
սϯ˹ƬʣκźʹҲͳͳУɲǼ䣬͸оؼһɿֲѹǵĺʼˡ


1476 
ͨǵоһɿֲѹǣͨĸǸǸо·𶼱סһ
֮ѪɫϢսϵѪζ
ҲͼԼƣǸ޷⣬ʮ˼屬ҲȻûа취ֵסѹơ
⾳֮УѪɫϢȻڳĴȻ˺
⾳ϣѾ˳뻯ܣᵤĸ֣һ˾ͿԽ֧¾ѪҲѶּĸʲôв
ǧض΢΢Ĳ֮УھҵĶ·еĿˮһ
ᵤ˲ôƷЦһĻͬһɿֲƣȻǽᵤȴڽᵤ֮¡
ԭѹˣ˻˵ĿֲƾȻ˲ֱʧӰˣ·̫֮˵һ
ǱڶǧȻֱһһı˿γɵĿֲһ˲䣬ȫɢˡ

ʱǾ޴ѹԵֱӷһѾ嵽˳Ʒǰ
ϣһѪɫĳììϿ̻Ÿӵķģ̺֮ص
ìͬһѪɫľߣſѪڣųƷҧȥ
֮ǰǽʺʦЭĻ᳤Ҳ鵤۷ĸ֣ᵤҲֻһ֮ңȻսȴر
䣡
ƷܱߵĿȫ̮ԶʹκĴųԱ۶ܹƷΧĿ̮ռ䶼Ȼ˿˿Ĳ
֪һжôľˣ
˵ƷʱأƷҲڶˣȭȻ͵һȭ
ƷȭһĽ⣬ϯǰһС
Ӹ߿֮пȥܹս·Ļֳ֣ɫѪɫ໥ռһ룬໥ɡ

Ʒȭֱ˺ѿһУһȭѪɫì֮ϣһһ
Ѫɫͽɫϵһγ˿µķ籩˰Χ˷籩֮С
κʹ˫ĴųԱ׷׵ɴ۾Ҫ֪˭ʤ˭
֮ǰʲô˼ʱǶϣƷܹʤĻǵҲ͵ˡ
㾪˵ʵλףƷˣӶӵֻ֮ء
أ
ţһӰһɿ֮е˳˶һȴ˭ء
ֻȫѪЩЩң˷ĳȥжϵĿֲ
˸ע⵽ѪɫìһֵֻƾȻѿˣѪѪɫì֮ϣѪɫìɽУ˱
ѪɫìɢѪ濴ǿʢϼ֣
ᵤˣ
ųƷʩʩȻĴӷ籩֮˳֮ɫѪɫ϶ɵķ籩˺ѳ롣
ʺǵɴ۾֮еľ޷Σû뵽ƷȻ˵ǿ
ȫһȻƷ赲סˣ
ᵤҪôƷĿȻûн
Ҫ֪ƻĶܹ
ƻȣᣬѪʢĹȴƻҪöˣܵ˵ʵƻıԶˡ
ƻĶԻܣոտᵤô
ȻƷһץʱһ֮ɵıѾϡ
һƮƮɣͬϵһ㣬ɲǼ䣬Ѿǰ
죡
죡
죡
Ʒٶʵ̫ˣûиκδϢĻᣬƷһ¡
ֻü̧еѪɫìֵ

ֻһ޴ĺֻоһɿµĹӳìֱϯֱۣٶըѿһЩֱ۶ˡ
ǻӦƷһѾɨ˹
أ
أ
أ
Ʒÿһ¶ֱӴµķ籩γɼһĹ
ĹƬ֮䣬ѾֽС
ԶŵĳԱѾ׿ˣǿڳƷĹ֮±ˡ
ȫȫĵ򣡡һʦŵĳԱһĻ˵
˵Ҳûܺõĵȥ·ǼһѾǴ򿪵ķʽԣôܿƷ򣬺޻֮


1477 
ֳǾԼһһıˡ
Ǻεǿĸ֣˵Ѿʮˣڴʹκĸ߲ĥӰ
֮ȵĳƷǺ֮ѣȴǳƷֻƾһֻһڷ͵
ֹƵʱȴ޻֮˵Ϣʱ䶼ûС
գƷһȣڼһĹ֮һ£˵ǰ·һյĳ֮ȻľԼĽ֮Уɨγ˹ˮơ
䣡
â˲䣬䵽ϡ
أ
ձĵ˳ȥ˿ȫѾѪԭϵķڼҲѾɢˣֱӶϳһһεˡ
ڳƷĽâĹ֮£֯㹻ķ
ֱڳƷһ֮ȫɢˣڵɳȥİ֮Уը˿
ˣŵ˶ɵˣô£ղŻޱȵھȻƷһ赲ס
˵ղֻǵۿʼĻôھǵ۳ױˡ
ԭΪȻ˲һ
һֲ̫ˣƷһֲԺ󣬶ڳƷƿ֮УرʧʱʦЭ᳤˵
ŵĳԱҲǷ׷׵ͷսˣ̫ˣһҲֻûУͱƷ׵׵ƿȫ֡
ͷβһĹŽ׻ģ
ҲôΪˣʵѹͲƷڷһ˵Ҫ֪ƷǴκĵһ֣ԭǹҵĵһƻģϣԳƷĻʤǲǽңȫλѹ
κŵĳԱͬ˵Ϊţ֪ĸࡣ
ҲƷĿ£
۲ݵʱԭ֮ϣѾը˺ü飬ΪѾ˵ĽʺȻڰ֮нը鿪֯
ⲻܣ
˲˼˵Ϊǽᵤĸ֣Ҳ已̥һֱۣĳЩطпܶ֫嶼ѾɢһһˣǽᵤĸҲĲˡ
ܴԽᵤֵʵʲôĹܹǱȵɢ
ǱȻ쳣µĹ
ڽʺȫΥĹɣȻˡ
㾹Ȼɱң
ŭ֮ͨ죬ͬһͷ˵Ұޡ
µɽ纣ХһϯµĿ񳱣Ϊģ˷
ǰĳƷҲЩ⣬ΪղЩ֮Уû֣Ҳʵʵıնɱˣǲġ
Ʒ۹ģ
ȻܻƷ˵
쵰ҪǰõһܣҽҪˣ˫֮б˼Ⱥ˵ɱ⣬ɫ࣬Ť
һż֮ҵܣֻһѣô½½õ˼ܹڽʺǿʳĻ֮гΪ
ѾһˣĿԭ˵ǷˣǼСıġ
ֻû뵽Ȼʱõˣ
ϵڲϵ֮ǰ۷ʱ򣬾Ȼǿɡ
Ȼֻɶѣͷǳ£ɣսһˡ
ҲܵһعЧȻֻһʱѣҲѾˣ֮䣬ʤֻһ˲䡣
ˣҧ˵ҵһŵƱƳϵ£ûܹȵ㣡
ɱңƾ㣿ƷЦһȻ֪ǿʲôֶҲ㻹ܶΣɱ㣬һΣɱһΣ
죬
ŭѪɫìȼգѪɫĻ棬˵ľѪɵĻ棬֮ǰҪ֪ʢ϶١
ˢ
ѪɫìֱӳųƷ˹ձɢ˿ҵ˺ѣʼҵĶͬ˵Ŀˮһ
¼ˣ
ʱٶȳ֣Ĺ֮ǰҪǿ̫ˡ
һܹɽƽأ
ƷȻҲԴУֱһȣȭһȭ֮ԣ˿á
¡


1478 ֮
ը˿˫սضžҶ
һεײղ˵һΣ
ʹκţ׷׵ĳȥҿֱ˳ϰ⣬ǿֹͣ
˽ᵤĵز˵һ֮һǻˣǾǳ׵׵Ļٳɷ漶ģϵ˼ʵǿš
ˣ֮˼־飬ƺеû뵽ԼĹȻκβóƷ
ƷԼĻҪ鷳̫ˣ
ƷЦЦĿ˵˵ˣƾӵʵɱһΣɱڶΣ
ʵɣǳҲǺƻĵʵࡣ
ǲƻĵģ˵ڵĳƷˡ
񣬵ҵĳìᴩʱϣ㻹ܹ˵Ļ˵ɲǼ䣬еĳìֱӺɨ˳
û˷κεʱ䣬Ϊһ飬Ǿʱ䲻ˣά״̬Ҳܵļӳֶѣһֱӵս
¡
սìֱӺ˳գֱӴһƬѪɫս⾳ֱ˿ҪΪʵʣѾ˼Ϊµĵز
ҵҪֵܹʲôʱ򣡡
ƷֱһȵȪ̤
һ̤ŵĻȪˮ˿µĽӡռ̤ȥ
¡
Ʒһֱӽսìӳս̤˷飬Ȼֱӳȥ
ʲôз𾪵ĿųƷһžԿ£һȻо춯صĿֲơ
Ҫ˺ѿΪһƬȪһ㡣
Ǵʱɲ룬ɲǼ䣬Ѿ̳ǹâֱӷ׷ըµĹƣǿƷĹƸ赲ס
ܹסҵһţȪ̤Ʒȵʱһ£ӴĻȪˮ֮˳γ֮ͬɽХһ㳯ϯȥ
ƣ
һ壬ȫķʼ˿ջһ޴ޱȵսìսìֱӳһɻȪˮ˹ȥ
¡
һ޴ޱȵսìձƷ̤˷飬һһı˿
Ʒһ̤Ƭ񷶼ҶγɽХ֮ơ
ˣֻоһɿµڲϵĽӽֺ֮Ȼ顣
⣡
ڳƷһ̤֮£ˣֻоȫѪڷӿǱƷľ޴ġ
ôôǿ֮ǰȻʵȫ
ʱŷ֣֮ǰԼ̫С˳Ʒ֮ǰնɱһγƷûȫ˳ƷһĿ¡
Уȥҿ϶Ҫʧܣ
ţһӡȫķھҵĶֱӽ֮У·쵽һΪңԶĵط
ʱڽʺ֮Уһ޴ޱȵ֮Уһжǿռ䣬ֿռˣֻһڲһ޴ĹҪ
һ֮Уһһɫ۵͵һ۾ߣһ̻һɫǵ͵һӱ˾ҵĹâȻһƿգȻһ˲ʧԭء
ôܣ͵һ۾һӾ͸оһĵʧȴûֹ
һΪ֮죬һƷǽʺ֮˵αǽʺĶˡ
ǽʺԳǲǵ֮ǵĿƳķеڣѾˡ
ƽʱ֮УֻŹǼûм
һŶûŹ㱣֮У֮챻˵ߵĸǲڵġ
ܹٻߵĲ֮ʺֻˣһʺĴ󺹡
ǽʺļ̳ˣ
Ȼ˲ٿز֮ȨǲͬģкߵģΣҲ·ϡ
ڸղһ˲䣬Ѿ˶˲֮ʽĶӣڶ̳ʽ
Ҳ˵ٻ˲֮˲Ǳˣ
ʱЩ֣ʵѾ˽ᵤ£Ƿëǵĸ֣¶ûжĸ֡
ʲôΣգȻҪ֮ٻȥ
Ҫ֪Ϊ˱֤֮ľ԰ȫ¸֮ٻȥġ
뵽һãֱӻһ⣬ӦŲ֮ķ˲ʧԭء


1479 Ը
ƷĶ֪ʲôģûԥϰߣֱٶȼ̤
Ȫ̤
Ʒһȣһֱ
¡
񷶼ھҵĶ·һ˲Ҫ׵׵ı鿪һ
һŵƣ֮ǰҪ࣬Ҫ嶼оһɽ֮ơ
ƴˣ
һгìֱӴȥƷһײһ
⣡
ֱײɳȥˡ
òײͣһѪ˳ɫ͵һӲҰ࣬һ˲ͱƷش
ʱƷһŸģֱ
أʱֱѿһӣһâ˹Ȼһ޴ޱȵģ˰֮Уһ˲ͽƷƸֵסˡ
ʲôԶ˾ֻƷͿҪӮˣ֮ͻȻðһӽƷĹȻסˣ
ҲƷһжôĿֲˣǵĻôһϣҲ·һ
˭뵽Ȼᱻ赲ס
ǸӺ죬ĶʦЭ᳤۾˵ʵھѾչֱӷָصһ޴ʵĺܡ
ǸĪǴ˵Уʺ֮֮첻ɣȷ˵
ûǲ֮죡
ʦЭ᳤ʱûѹôˣԭǴ˵еĲ֮졣
ǿǽʺպģ˵ʺܹټ£д붼Ҫһӡ
ڽʺĴ˵֮Уǽʺĵһδ󺹾֮ӣСͱǵȥʱоһӡ
ŽʺԽԽֳһ֮һͳԭ˽ʺ
˽ʺŻԳǲǵΪ
ͨ˵ֻ֮ڴ˵УǶڹµٮٮߣ˵Ǿ;ԲֻǴ˵֮ˣȷʵڵġ
ʺùľӣɴˡ
ãУ֮Ʒ²ɱˣֱ˵
ֹǲɱ˵Ҫɱ
ʦЭ᳤ֱӿ˵
ʱս֮УѾ˾޴ı仯ˡ
Ʒ֮ǰûɱңھڣ
Цڻǳŵ˲֮ĵ
ǰ֮һţС
һһɫĹâ̻ŵһǴʱޱȵͿ¡
ǣԸƷǰһӣɵ˳˼֮С
˵ʵļ䣬Ȼ֪ܶ˲֪飬ڳŴ֮УһԸ
ԸǾۼԸһҲǼΪʢġ
еǿ߿˽ԸĴ󷨣ܹЩԸΪãܹ۳Լʵڱ塣
ĶƳԸЩен˵ԸȻͨЩǹƶɵġ
ǺʣһͬƷķԸķ൱ԶԸġ
ǰһ֮죬ȻǱ˹ƶɵģӦǽ˽ʺ֪ٴ˵Ըܹ۳Ũ⡣
ڳŴ֮УдͨΪԸܹٳһ֮·ڳŴ֮УԸҲǿʢһʱ
Ʒܹڲ֮֮£ҲĿˣ
Ц·Ҫôʱ֮УбƷѹƵŭͳͳһ

ɷ˵֮ץУȻ͵һӣʱرɫ֮й˿µĿ磬Щÿһ磬ͬһâһǵصĳųƷϯ˹
Ʒֱӻĺ֮Ʒ˽Щ紵޷κε˳Ʒ
ʱƣЩȻһһڱɢƷ֮
ҿֵܹʲôʱ򣡡
һȫķУɲǼ䣬Ŀ𣬾ȻֱӻһɫľǣһɫľǸߴϰףףһ޴ޱȵɽһ㡣
𣡡
һһ޴ޱȵضΪ֮γɵ˳˷˿


1480 
һľǣǳƷɫһӱˡ
ΪܹоĳһǵĿ¡
һ֮죬ҲƷ׼ȷ˵ֻѾҪΪƷˡ
ΪôԸĹҹطЩԸһ֮Ҳڷһɱ䡣
ɱǷǳģ㲻ҪΪȥƣҲԷ޴ɱ䡣
ҲΪʲôڳŴܶ˻Ϊ֮߳һȫµĳ֮·
һ·ĴͨߣǶԳΪڷȷʵ
һ˵ּķӦǸòŶԵģ뵱Ʒոյõħ˼ͼʱҲͬ޷ӳȫֻǺųƷʵϵܹħ˼ͼ
˵֮˵Ҳǽᵤڣǽᵤ۷ܹƿŶԡ
ʱƣ֮췢˸һɱ䣬Ǿᵤ޷ʩչȫܲŶԡ
Ȼʵϣɵóһ֮
Ʒһ˲䣬Ͼˣ϶ԸйϵڳŴ֮ҲƵֶΣ֮жķԸѬգ˾˵ı仯
ҺͨĳطܹЩȫʩչһ㶼ڷ
ӦûˣƷ
ôһ㱵ʱһ޴ޱȵĽɫһֱӳ˹һɽһľǺɨ˹ɲǼ䣬Ѿ˳Ʒǰ
飬һɫ飬û뵽Ȼ飡ƷȻ֮Բͬڷ֮ʿһܹУܹӷ
Ҳױ˶ߣ
Ȼôܹ࣬лվǷëǵģΪһϸǳѰҡ
ǰһɫǿǰӦҲһǴޣ걻ӡ˲֮֮УΪ顣
¡
һɫһҧ˿մɭĴֱӽҧˣһ޴
Ʒֱ˳ףܿһɫǵĹ
ûû뵽㻹еʶЦһüĸо֮ǰƷѹŴôãòײܹˡһɫǾ飬ǵһսһĻ飬Ǵ󺹽ӡ˲֮УΪ˲֮飬ͬʱҲò֮
ԶſһĻɫȫˣһƬҰס
ǾȻȫ¶ˣǾǲ֮죬֮ҲԶԶǵһɫǣһѰᵤĸֻҪ̫ˡ
Ӳˣ־ܣ
ţϽעУȻҡеĲ֮졣
ʱǵص糯ųƷϯ˹ȥκһܹشһͨ֡
Ȼ֮Уһɫ˲ͷ˹ɱ˳Ʒǰٶ֮죬һһ㡣
˲ȭƷһһȭߣֱӻ˰˸޴ޱȵӰ˸Ӱǰ˲˲۵һȻ͵һӳǰĽɫǺȥ
¡
һ޴ޱȵĺֻ˸ӰȻһɫǸɢ˿޷赲סһɫĲǡ
⣡
Ʒĺȣһɿµķ֮ȥ㿪һɫǵɡ
⻹ںս֮еһκˣǱֱӻ˵ģ֪һɫжôĿ¡
Ȼһɫǵֶβ࣬ػؾôֶΣȴǷǳЧȫʵѹסƷ£óƷԭЩֶζӲԭ
ǳƷһֶΣһʮᣬھʵǰʲôֶζȻ
ƷѪڷӿһײ֮£·硣
ɫǵʵǿԸļӳ֮£ֻ±ǰʵҪǿϼء
ܺӲӲ
ƷϾ⣬ͬʱ֮һƷһ˲ʧԭأýɫһա
أʱʧɫȾ֮ǰս֮пûչֲֳֿٶȡ
ȻӦֻһƷȴѾǰ
Ǳܵľ֮ҪǸȴƷֱץһ֮ɵı͵նȥ
أ
ֱӱն˳ȥһѪ˳


1481 
޷赲ֱӾͱƷһشˡ
Ʒٶ̫ˣûüò֮커סѾƷͻϮ֡
֮ܲǿ󣬵һһ
Լ
֮ܲжôȴ
ɳȥһ˲䣬ѾӦ˹ˡ
ĳ˵㲻ʲôΪֻҪ΢ôһ˲ķӦʱ䡣
ôϾͻò֮커סĻƷĹҲͲЧˡ
Ȼ˭֪Ʒٶ̫ˣ
֮ǰս֮УƷȻչԼǿƥʵٶȴûչֳʵ
ΪԼѾƷеʵˣȻƷͻȻһͳһ
㾹Ȼңš
Ȼʱ򣬳ƷôܷŹõĻᣬλһ磬һֱķ
أ
ƷֱٶһУ˲䵹˳ȥ
󣬲֮飬һ޴Ľɫڷĸϻһɫǵٶȷǳ֮죬̤Ŷݹ⣬쵽˼¡
ǳƷٶ̫ˣƽ쵽ٶȶ׷ϵĵز
ҲǳƷһչֳٶȣ
¥ȭǱ۶ɵ֮ٶһѰ˸޷ĵز
ÿ죬ǵ۾Ѿϳʦˣ
κ֮УʤĿɿڴ˵
ǰһĻֱǲ˼飬ƷٶѾԽۿɼĵزۼ˫ۣۣȻǿƷӰ
ֻܹǿǿɫǵλһһ֮вϵ׷
֮ϣƷβϵʧֵʱ򣬾ֱӳǰȻһȭɳȥ
ÿεҪʱͻᱻֱӺɳȥ
˾ֻܿһƷϵĺ
䣡
䣡
䣡
Ʒÿι·һ㣬ضžҲ
书Ψ첻ƣ
֪˭һ䣬¼书ܾʵҲ޷Ǿ޼᲻ݣΨ첻ơ
˵֮ǰƷչֳ޼᲻ݵĻôڵĳƷչֳľǴ˵еΨ첻ơ
ٶȿ쵽۶ϵٶȡ
ֻõǵĻƷֳֻһһ˲ҲԽȫĨ˲ӡ
书Ψ첻Ƶ
ƷǵǰѾ˽ᵤҲƷĺ޻֮ô
ʦ׻жŵûó˵
ǴʱһָоھԵʵ֮£ʲôʲôطûκô
˿óȫȫ·磬Ҫǹؼʱ򣬽֮óס˳ƷεĹھѾʧˡ
ǼڣҲǷǳ⡣
˸ֵ˫֮вµѪ꣬ܲǳƷģǱȻġ
оȻһֵĸоƷڵ
뵽ɵĿɿڴڴ֮ǰǶ벻ȻӵĲ
ýˣȪһ̤
Ʒһأԭս˿֮һĻȪˮʼӿһֻ͵ؼ̤һ֮ϡ
һֻż̤ʱһӰֱӳȴǱˣ
·ոպóȻһӱƷһŲȷһ
أ
һҽУ˱һŲ䵽˵֮ϡ
¡
ھҵĲֱ쳾ˣ֮ϵųԱо˿ھҵĶ
ٶһʱڿӰʱﻹиղŵĲȫȫһѪˣȫµƤ·һ˲Ҫˡ
ʵҪв֮ıͱƷˣΪ似ͨƷԶ֮ϡ
Զһɫһ˵ٶȳ߷Ӷ
Ʒᣬֱٶ̧͵һӼ̤ȥ
Ȫ̤
һֱ䵽ϣֱһѪ˳屻Ƚ˵ʮڣΪģѳѷ֩һ㣬˷
Ȫ̤
ƷûκͣЪһȥ޻ֱֵóƷˣʱɽȳޡ
飬ķѣ


1482 ʵһ
ˣһ˵
Ӧˣοûа취ٸˣ
ܹزѾǼˣ
۷׷ף˲ͬը˹һıˡ
䣡
һ˲䣬ƷڵλϣһѪڣһڽƷڵλҧ˷飬ը˿
Ʒֱʧԭأһ˸ա
Ʒû˿ķɣһķ˱ɱ֮û˷֧ţϾͻᱻϵ
Ȼ֮ȫͬģ鱾ǵġ
һ˵սȥԸ֧ţʹһ֮죬Ȼû˵ԳƷ
Ʒ׼һΣѾʧԭأȻ͵һӳŵϵһ֮ץȥ
һ˲䣬֮ѾƷץУͬʱҲǿҵķһĽ⣬·ҪӳƷѳһ
ʱ򣬳Ʒȫķֱӱ˳һӡֱһ֮ϣγһ޴ޱȵķ֡
ʱԭڰ֮ݵһɫǣѾʧӰˡ
һ֮ϣһɿֲڲϵĲͼҪӳƷѳһ
Ʒȫѹס
˭Ծǵ֮ˣ
أ֮дһŭֱӴӲ֮лһĿ࣬۵ߡ
ʺ󺹣
ſһĻϳߵݣɵþ˵
˶ɵõһʺ󺹣ǿĸ֣㲻µһҲˡ
Ҫ֪ʺһǿʳĹȣʺĴµһǿߣĻǺԼλġ
ֵܣӣһĳỢ
һĽʺ󺹣Ҳս꣬ɱû˲Ĵڵġ
Ǵ֮У϶ĸ߲㣬ڽʺĴ󺹻Щ˽ġ
Щ־ᶨˣʱֻȶˡ
·Ǽ˹һ֮ǰһͶǹ˾޴ѹȣ˵ڵĽʺˡ
ˣˣˣ
Ŀɿڴ˵
һƥеĴڣµһֵĿֲڡ
ʱȴƷֱӻһֻ֣͵һӽʺץУһץɢ
ԭⲢǽʺԽ٣ֻڲ֮еһԪѡ
˭˵ҵ˵ɣ
ƷЦһ
һĨԪ񻯳ɵӰùȴƷ
ʺ󺹱ڴˣƷɵ֣ڲֻһԪѣǰ
ţأƷüͷ΢Ϊ˲ԾȻ޷һ֮ɽͼĿռ֮С
֮ϵ֮ϱһĽ赲ƷɽͼĿռ֮С
ǳƷҪֽ֮쳹ܹɽͼĿռ֮С
鷳ˣܹоһһ֮ϣһǸʺ󺹵Ԫһģǿ̫ˡ
ʣӦþǽʺԳˡ
һԽԽǿ󣬿ҲǽʺڲϿС
ٶ൱ˣٶڿò˶þҪֱ׷ˡ
뵽ƷûκԥֱתԹ˵ǿ뿪ɣʺҲڸ·ϣǣֻ
֮ǰоԼһٵ˶ʱһ뵽Ǵ˵еĽʺ󺹣ʱŵû겻ᡣ
˳ƷĻ޲ϰȾܡ
ǳʦô죿ôмֱӿʵ
ûйϵа취Ʒֱ˵
룬ǵʵҲֻǸƷϺȣҲԥ׷װݱ˳Ʒֱ뿪ˣ
뿪֮󣬳Ʒֱӽʬֱ
µĸڲϵһʬ̺֮ǿ
⻹ǳƷһնɱᵤĸ֣ᵤֵһѪѰ鵤֪Ҫǿ϶١
Ͻһöһ˵ٶȳ쵱С
Ʒ¶˼Цݣһöò˶þͻˣ֮ǰ˵һöЧÿ˵ǿ˺ü
ʱ㹻Ѿ鵤۷ĳƷһͻƵ鵤ڣ
ʵҲԸһ


1483 
ϣƷ͸о˽ʺϢѸٽӽ֮С
ʱһãæ֮һԾһݹ⣬ʧԭء
ûãһɿֲϢֱӷӶһӰԻ˳ȴǽʺ˭ء
𣡡
ʺһ޴ޱȵӦˣɥ֮أȻ֮ĸܵĮҲԼĶӡ
۲֮ʧ
뵽еŭֱҪմʡ
˭㶼ˣ
뵽ʺֱӳųƷ뿪ķ׷˹ȥƷδܹ֮׵ĸ֪Ʒ뿪ķ
ʱڰ֮еĳƷһ·ӣһ߿ʼ鿴һ֮졣
һ֮ѰͬѰû˵ķӳ֣ͷˣ֣Ҳ֧Ų̫ãΪû㹻֧š
һ֮ȴͬΪԸԴԴϵ֧֣ʹһ֮ԷƷ
УҪ취ȶЩԸĻһҲ˲֮죡Ʒ
ѲӼһô
ʺ϶׷Ź
뵽Ʒʱʼ˻ʼս֮صĹԸһЩ֪ʶųƷΪԭӡԪļҲʱ
󲿷ֶӡסΪһԵȫӿ»ὫƷɰ׳գƷܹҲһּѡ
ǵڣƷΪ֪ȵǿ϶٣ܹнӵļҲ̫ˡ
ܿ죬ǰļ侹Ȼֱ״ǻʼսֱӻһǰԻ
ȻⲢûʵ壬ҲֻгƷԼܹü
ܿ죬Ʒҳ˻ʼս֮йԸֵļأջʼս֮еļأԸһַǳ֮ͬȻȻγɵ
˵ԸγɵڳŴ֮УҲ֪жǿ߶ȻȻԸ֮·νǷʢһʱ
ЩԳΪ֮ųҲվ߳һǴʣʲС
Ըȴһ޴ȱݣһѡԸҲ벻ˡ
˵ԸʱЩ˶ԳΪԪ೤һû˹Ҳһٶ䡣
ڳŴʱڣЩԳΪǿƿһĹұ˴֮䱬֪һս
һ·Ȼн죬Ǻܶǿȴѡ񾴶Զ֮ʼս֮ҲŲٹԸγȡԸΪõķ
вٵֶζΪЩֶζȱݣΪһȡԸô͵Ը֮·
ȱ̫ˣҲǳƷҪģ
漴Ʒ뵽һ㣬ЩֶΣԸ֮󣬿ɡ
ϾųֻҪͳͳɣԸҲᱻɡ
ʱͳͳתΪʵǼˣ֪ϢʺҲǽᵤڵΪ
ųµһֲΪ
ƷΪٽһҲδĶ֣
ԱҪİ취
ƷĻʼսϵļأ˼ֶеֻͨԸɡ
Ʒһֹļأ֮мΪһķʽǶĿǰĳƷ˵ȴ̫Ҫͬʱ߱ʼսֶʣȻ˵ãǶԣȴʲôˡ
أƳΪһ⻯ǾǼΪֶˣƷ
⻯ͬԪԪֻһԪ񻯳ʵ岻֪١
ǽʺĺԪͱƷһǳƷĶ֡
⻯һ£ʵԱȱǿһּΪͨڳŴʵҶƵķţֻǸͬ
һ㶼ҪһһĵرȻԼ⻯ֻЩĵرƷҪǳߡ
ǳɣ
Ψһϵ⣬Ըһһ۵ȴһֺܲһͨ۳ҲΪ⻯
ҪԷĵرΪУֻҪԸ㹻Ϳ۳ԸԽ࣬۳ҲԽǾˣʿ֮£Ϊ˵á
Ҫ۳ҪԸ̫ˣһʿҲû㹻Ը
һ֮в㹻Ըô


1484 
һ֮֮еԸס֮죬̣ԷƷһ֮졣
ЩԸ˿֮⣬ƳһЩǿͨ
ǵģҲһǳصֶΣһʿҲƵҩƷһȻܹͨ
ԽһЩͨƳƷ״̬Ҫõʱһͷų
ЩſԽЩͨӡھ֮У߷ӡĳЩ֮ϣƵֶΣͨȴǾ޽еġ
ڻʼս֮Уͼ¼вٵͨԸһǳĺôֻҪԸԽ࣬ôͨҲԽǿֲ
߱Ҫ󣬵ǲôߣ
ܿ죬ƷѡһͨΪףԸ׺ɱ֣ԸĶ٣Ҳž޴Ĳ
ʺǽᵤڵΪһ׺УһҪشǱɱ
ƷҲ붯ú˵ֻЧУּĸ֣Σո֪ǳˣӳƷó˵ٵ˵䣬Ҫʱһᵤĸ˵е̫ˡ
Ҫᵤĸַǳѣһ˲ܹӵ㹻ȫĵطδܹɱᵤĸ֡
ʱ򣬼Ǻųļһú˵κεǽʺּĸ֡
˵Ȼ˵ĻһУ̫ˣڶ˵ɶ㿪
뵽Ʒҳһƪڻʼս֮ϵĹڵǺεȾˣټҲʱɢĹâóƷ˲״̬
Ƭ֮䣬Ѿˡľ裬ʼȡ˲֮֮еԸ
ܿ죬ڳƷĳȡ֮£һ֮ϵԸͬ󽭳һ㣬ԴԴϵı˳
֮˽ʺ֪ԸսҲֻǺķкٵһֶѣȫ˲֮С
ڣ֮֮Ը˳е飬һɫǼϾ͸оԸߣϿʼ
ܹĹƷ
ƷƳķĽӡڲ֮֮У֮ǰԸְƣӲƷ
Ըߣڼֿܹˡ
ԸڳƷΧƣܿڳƷǰ𲽵γһӰӰ𲽵ɱ䣬ӰԽԽȻƷ߰˷ֵơ
ʱƣԽԽƷ
ƷҲһһšƷһһ߸о档
ȻͬΪıνɽ֮ʯԹȫͬϵǡ֮м¼ȷʵ֮
ҲóƷһִ۽ĸо
ǡһ֮ϵĹѰܹᲢ۵ģֱأϵƶϵһĲࡣ
Ȼеʵļ䣬ǵһִ֮ľҲڵϵģϵģͲԶˡ
ûа취ͻʼսϼص෨Ტۡ
Ʒȴ֪ǣóŴЩͬʿƷûþܹԼŶҪˡ
ΪڳŴʱڣ֮˳ɰǧܹ۳һ
󲿷Ҳ˵ǳƷ㣬ڻʼս֮ҵأķţ֮жڼΪķš
ܹлӴЩķŵģҲֻкһܹ۳ɹΪ̫ˡ
ȻǱʵҪȴġ
˵ǳƷΪģǸ붼漣
һֻ֮ЩвлֻܹгƷԼûʲôֻѰһ
ûʶԼĻԵжôľףٶȸЩŴ֮еĸǴǶо
Ʒһ߷ȶ֮֮ﴨһ߳ȡԸʼͬʱʼһ֮졣
Ѱһã֧֮£ƷǺɵľͿһˡ
ĳ֮УڷųƷķȥĽʺʱɫһ䣬һãȻҵĲ֮죡
ʺʱðɣֱš


1485 ɣ˭ɱ˭
Ȼ֮죬ǽʺĺвͬȨ޿ʹò֮졣
ȨȴǽʺĺҲ˵ʵһ֮˾
ֻӵһ̶ϵʹȨ޶ѡ
гһճΪĻ֮Զǵġ
ڳƷȻʼ֮죬Ҫĸˣ
Ƚʺı䱾ʵһ棬֮ļӳҲǺҪһ棬֮첻ʵڽʺ֮ͳ
ͬκʹǲġ
ƷĻôֱ룡
뵽Ҳκε飬æŲ֮ķӶȥ
ԽԽļ£ʵԶԶǿǸ˲֮ˣ˵ٶȾȻҲ˶٣ȫ֮£ȻҲֻһЩ롣
Ҫ׷ҪѲٵʱ䣡
ԭһ㶼ĵģٵзǿҪûгɹΪнʺԸ˵ѾͽʺĹ˰һˣô򵥡
Լ㲻ԸҪôãֻǸطǳƶѣھȻˡ
⣡
ˣ
ʺһŭ
׷ӣһһҹʱ䣬˫ٶȶǿ磬һһҹʱ䣬ƷԼ֪ܵĶȥˡ
ǲͣı任·ߣͣĶȦӣȻ֪Ҳ˽ʺĺȴٶȡ
һֱһһҹ֮󣬳Ʒڷ˽ŲУ֮ѾֻаƴСҲͷŽ⣬ΪԸѾƷȡһˡ
֮ڳƷϣⲻϵı仯СѾƷ˵ס
ûԸְƣܹ֮赲סƷûþͱƷֱӽеĽʺԪͳͳĨˡ
ȻҲô̵ʱھͽ֮ǳƷյķһؼķţ˵ǲּ֮ǿʮҲѲסƷ
һһҹʱй۵ģƷ෨֮ʱģļϾã֪õжôľˡ
ڳƷǰһһߣģҲһ޶ӰȴǱˣԸ۶ɵ⻯
⻯ɢһּΪµϢҪڵĳƷ
Ը۶ɵ⻯ֻ츳ԸĶ
һʱƣϵ˵ƷʵԽǿȡԸԽ࣬ôʵһ
һ֮⣬һԼĪȭͷСɢŽɫâ壬ͬʱƳס
Ϊõ̫ԸʣµԸҲֻƳһöס
ƷҲʧһöҲ͹ˣõĺã㹻ʺˡ
ǵģƷûֻǽʺ߾ˣĻֱӶú˵Ϳ
˵ǽᵤĸҲǵֵסģֻߣк˵֣ʺҲҪɵ֡
ͬģƷɱǾ͸ˡ
ԳƷҲûú˵ʼľֻг½ʺ
ʺ㣡ƷЦһһӡȻ۵һһ
Ҳͻ룬İ취ڡϼصҪôΪ壬ʼսʣɶĹҪôǱ⻯
㣬һĴڵȴǾ޽еġ
ƷϵϢҲ֮ļΪǿ󣬱֮ǰһ硣
ڳƷͣûжٵʱ䣬һޱȵϢԶ֮ʶѹ˹ԽԽƬ֮䣬Ѿ˳Ʒǰ
һɢȥ¶еӰȴǽʺ˭
һһҹ׷𣬽ʺǾŭӣÿʱÿ̶ڸоԼڲ֮ƿڲϵļ
һֱ˸ղ֣Լڲ֮ƿغ͸ӦѾȫȫʧˡ
βףζţ֮Ѿ׵׵ıԷˡ
뵽еŭҲ಻סˡ
ļһ׷ˣһҪʬΣ


1486 ƽɫǿ
ʬΣȷܹôƷЦЦ˵
˵֮ǰĻδܹԸ˽ʺǵڣѾˡ
ʱף
Ҫ
ʺһȫͷ˳˳Ʒƺ³Ʒһ
䣬ʺѾˣͳƷ˵ʲôϻֱӻûһ˳ììָ˳Ʒ
֮ǰʹõһѪɫìʮֵƣֻеĳìɫģƸӾˡ
ǸոտᵤѣʺͬᵤҲ֪жʱˡ
֮ͬն
ʺҲƷһƬ֮У޵еĴڣȻȴҲǲƷϡ
ȫķȼգͬһ㣬ֳױȵĿֲ
Ʒһ˲Ͷˣµһ˲ͷ˳
˲ȭ
Ʒһȭʱ񷶼ȼˣڳƷ󻯳˰˸ӰΪһ壬һɿֲĺŽʺϯȥ
ʲôѧʺ֮¶˼־ȵ飬ʶȻܹóƷʩչİ˲ȭжôľˣ˵ѾԽǽʺѧ
Ƿǳ˺Ͳ˼ģ
漴֮о˼̰飬ƷʩչȭԽǿԽҪõ
¡
һȭֱӺ䵽˽ʺϣʺܣֱӽʱ˺üͣ
ȻܹұˣѾǺܲˣѹеӸǽʺϧˣʵҲͽ˶ˣһûгأ
ʺ¶˼Ц飬֮ȴûôƽΪƷһȭȻ˺üܹ˽һ
Ȿ漣ˣ
ҲվҲ򲻶
Ϊֽ׶ܹġ
һУȻǿһž˵ȭ
ƷҲûʲôܣᵤǣȴӵ˾˵սⱾǲ˼ġ
Ʒ΢΢̾һʵ˵׻ǺѶԽʺвϾҲŲǸոտ鵤ѡ
ڸˣ᲻̫ˣͬ磬ɱɱһ򵥣Ʒ˵Ȼʱ磬ǳƷȴգΪоԵţͬľ磬ʺһָס
ɣΣʺεȻΪƷĻײҡֻЦһ˵ܶ˿νǱǶ˵ЩǹƨΪʲôǱʵǷϻ
δɱɱ㲻Ļᣬɣ㽫һѧһһһūĻᣡʺ˵ԳƱˡ
ԭǿҵѧƷЦһŽʺ˵ղ˵ûгҲûгأ
ڻҪӲôղѾȫƭңʺ˫ĿʵΪ˳Ʒһѧͨѧʹɱˡ
ûϣҲԸװ׽ƷɱϾûнеʣֵѹե
Կˣ
Ʒʱ͵һѾˣһ˲䣬ϣѾһââٵתֱӭǣһ˲䣬Ѿ⣬γһӡ
Բ
ƷһȣâһŽʺȥ
ʲôô˿£
ʺʱ˵ܹоʩչĳƷʵ͵һ˺üΣһʼȫ޷вھȻܹоΣա
ʱˣȻеì͵һӴ˳ȥ
һ˲䣬ĳìһƬããԭһƬԭ֮ϣǧڱڣһɿֲĺӭǽϡ
¡
һ޴ĺ˫ײγһɹɿµķ籩˷˿˫ķ˺ĴҴ
˫֮󣬾Ȼѷɫ
סһ֮󣬽ʺ͵һ֮ǰȫûƷϣΪѾļˣ˭֪ƷͻȻһӱ˸Ӿ˵ʵ
ʱע⵽˳ƷȻһǿʢĽ⣬һɫһУһɫսһء


1487 ʺľ
ǣԸʺȻ˵漴ɫ˲ѿ
ʶȻϾˣΪʲôûеܹĲ֮ȻᱻƷˡ
϶ǳƷĳֲֶ֪ΣŽԸոˣûԸ֧֣ûڳ֮ǳƷĶ֣޷
ƷȻǽԸԼϣδķԸķʵֱ̫ˡ
˵ѹҲ̸ϴֱֱѹ̸ʲô÷
зţڳŴʱڣʲô̫ܣҲ̸ôֵĻɫ
ʱףڣõ˾ͺˡ
ҲøãϾǰڵĽ֮칩еԸûа취ãϾǷβ֮ԼЩԸˡ
Ļǲ֮ЩԸô꣬Ը֮ƷͲ֪ߵĶȥˡ
뵽֮и̰ƷǾ׵ȭ֪ƷոԸķȱġ
ַӵ۹ҪԸûУʱܿͻһصĽޣǿĵز
ƷԸմȾ̫зţԼΪķ֮УԸ̫ˣһԼԸԴ˴ݻ٣ôʿҲʱˡ
ڳŴʱڣ˲Ǻܱ˴Ϊǵ̫ǿˣһռһңһҲյӣ˰գٶҲһЩĵر֮ģ̫顣
һ֮дڶҲǺģ
ŲͬȫԵģ˸֮зչΪҪռеԸ
쵽˼ޣȣλֻΪһ˷񣬺ų
Ƕ˵Ȼһɶõ֮·һ֮˵ƣڳŴʱڣˣһ֮Ҳĳ
ΨּĴڣп˳ǻԵɺϵõĳܳɹ
ڣʺҲͬ˼
ܺãֶһҪɣʺ˵ӦòԹԵı£ȻˣҾȴ֫ӡĹ֮˵Щ񹦾ѧˣ
ͳ仰ҲܵƷЦ˸˵â
ʺɱֺγɱʺأ˫˵һᡣ
ì£ʺʩչԼľѧʺ󺹱ǿһѧ޵֣˽ʺ
һì̳ʱ·ѣӿ֮
һì֮֮ŷӿеĿˮһ㡣
ʺֱ룬ֱһì˳ƷؿڣҪƷؿ˺ѣƷ̬ǲˡ߸̫ˡ
ìƷ˵Ѱ˿һìȻǾףǿĵز
Ƕڼ˶ѧͨĳƷ˵ܵõһۣѾԼ˲ˡ
ǳƷ˿ԶԶȥ·ǱìɢĿֲһ㡣
ؼһ˲䣬Ʒֱ֮˿˲䵲Լǰ

һì䵽֮ϣȻһһײ
ͬʱƷұߵ֮ԽԽһһ㣬ȻŽʺնȥ
ʺһɣˣű֮ܿնվλѾһֱըˣ֪һжôľˡ
ʲôֶΣʺֺͳƷƷԵĻᱬһЩδţδֶΡ
һһ壬йͬʱҲз˵һʮ־˵ͨˡ
ûм׷֮ˣҲûĸܺͳƷ㣬֮ƿصߺĵزȻһͷųܹɳ
һİƷǶһ˫һ˵в֮
Ȼ룬Ʒ͵һ̤̤һĹâζʱʧ٣ٶȳֵʱѾڽʺǰ˫һֳֻȭһֻսֱ˹ټһͬһն
һʱ䣬ʺãȫֵһ˲·磬˫ȭѵ֣Ʒһ˳ȥ


1488 شʺ
ʺֱӱ˳ȥһȻûֱֻϵսףǻؿһƣЩһ
Ʒͬʱֹͬһ̸ϹУΪϳƷٶȣֻǱ
֮е̰֮ɫŨƷһԼֵļһһԾΪܹԼƽƽĴڣʲô
Ըô
ƷԸܹƽ֣ĻǻΪһΣ޵У
ĻʺҪһͳµԸͿԼʵˡ
뵽ͷʱ
˲ңʺЦǿԸʵ˾޴ǱϣվҲֻһᵤ鵤߶ѣҵҪֵܹʲôʱ򣿡
㹻ˣ
Ʒһֱٶȷ˹ı֮ϣɵ׷˳곯Žʺȥ
¡¡
ֲأԶԶȥ·һƬ籩һ
ƣ
ʺ뵽֮ԼõԸ֮ʵʱﻹ̵ס֮
ֱһìºѾҪͳƷ־ս֪Ʒȶܼôá
أ
˫Ĺײһһ˳ìͬһɫĳ޾֮дȻֱӳųƷȥȻҪƷɱ
ƣ˲ȭ
ƷٶһȭĿǰĳƷ˵ʩչİ˲ȭ˵Ƿǳģ³ƷҲʹá
ڽеĶ𣬳Ʒ޼ɵʹЩѧ
¡
ƷһȭǸìƫȥ漴һ
Ȫ̤
ƷһǻȪ̤񷶼̤̮ȥµĽ˿֮ƣŽʺ
ס
ʺֱһìֱӼ̤ĻȪ̤˫Ѿ˰ȻĽ׶Σÿһÿһ룬˫˴Ĺ
ҿ㻹ֶܼã
ʺЦΪ˳ƷϵĽڼսʵ̫ˣÿÿ붼ĴķԳƷʵе֧ŲסˣԸġ
ƷҲ֪ʺҪ־սĻ̫ˣһҧһȪ̤
Ʒһֱʩչ˱ڻûܹʩչĻȪ̤
Ȫ̤Ȫ̤ǿ˺üҲͬ˺ö౶ƷԭŨĽһϡ˺ܶࡣ
ֻһԸѾʮ֮һټϸղ½½ĵʮ֮һ˵̶̵ֻʱ䣬ƷѾ˲֮ۻԸ֮һˡ
ʺжϲûдܳ־սǳƷ
һ£ʺֻоƬ񷶼£Ҫѹ
һôôֲ
ʺһƴˣ
˵ʱʱ죬ʺɫìֶ͵һӻһֱӴһš
¡
һ˲䣬һɫìֱӵ˳Ʒһ̤˳ȥ
Ȫ̤Ȫ̤Ҫǿ˺üͬն
أ
һȻ赲һ£ǻ䵽˽ʺϡ
ۣ
ʺֱһѪ˳嵹˳ȥ
˫Ľ֮УʺһγԿڳƷϣ˵ǳ˴ˡ
ĺûᣬƷôŹأͻϾѾ嵽˽ʺǰֽŲãָѧֱͷ˳
Ʒѧܶ࣬ĹʩչһֶӵĪ
ֱͬһ䵽˽ʺϣ
Ƭ֮䣬ٶȽʺɳȥ
ʺһѪʱҲǷˣһҾͲ㻹ֶܼãֻҪս׻κβң
ǾԿɣ
أƷһöɫ׷˳
ڿ˳Ʒеһö׵ʱ򣬽ʺܵĸоȫĺë·Ʒеһöܸɾ޴вһ
ʱ䣬Ʒеһöֱ˳Ѹײڶ֮ƳŽʺɨ˹ȥ
ʺϾ˷ӦҪԶ롣
ڳƷĲٿ֮£һö׻˲ը˿
¡
һ׾죬ظžҵĶһҵĶγһɿµĻ籩


1489 ʺӣͻڼ
һɿµ籩ϯʸžҵĲ
Ʒ΢΢𾪣Ȼڻʼսп׵Ҳǿѣıȵ
һö׵˵ʵǲú˵ֱӺģʵҲˣƷòˣ׵ıըΧؼǺá
Ǻ˵зܣҲҪ׼һʱ䣬ڶ˵ôʱ䣬㹻رˡ
һӰѸײڶ֮˳Ʒһȴǽʺ˭ء
ֻǴʱĽʺޱȵǱȫ£ڣޱȵҡ
һսףҲ׵Ĺ֮³ױ鿪ˣ޷ֵס
ʺϣѪ죬鼡ֱˣǵģֱˣĿ˵ɼǡ
һƷͽʺشˡ
ʺһŭʲôʱԹôĿ˵һ֮ǰδļһгôĿˡ
һҪɱ㣡ʺһŭ
ƷЦһɱңǾҪ첻õˣ
Ʒ΢΢Щϧվûܳɱ˽ʺǺҲû⿿׾ܹɱʺ
ʱѾ׵׷˾޴ĸıˣʺԭǺεȵǿƣԳƷʱȴشʵһǧɡ
ش£ԭһʵ
ʺĶס˳Ʒƺһ㣬ּ֮ɵ飬ȻڳƷʵʮֵļɵġ
ǳƷǲֶΣԾ˿ͷ׸ֱӽش
֮ǰ붼û飬ڼµһʲôʱԹôĿ
ڽʺԥʱ򣬳Ʒȴɢǿҵɱ
ʺǶҲãǶԴκҲãһ޴вü˴£ʺжʮѪҪ˵ԷǸܵ顣
˵һǧѷĻᣬԽʺɱɾûˡ
Ʒɢǿɱ⣬һӾ;˽ʺ֮־ŭܹоƷɱ⣬δгһգҲ³
뵽ûκԥֱҧ⣬һ𣬶ʱһھѪ˳
һھѪɲǼ䣬ѾһѪ棬ŰΧסȻԶߡ
һŹģϴɾӵŰɣ
֮Уʺĵڻص
ƷոҪ׷ȥȴ֣ʺѾʧȥӰˡ
óһطȻһ˺ԴķƷ׷ϲϡ
̫ϧˣ
Ʒ׷֮̾һ
ǿԽʺȻٺòˣֻϧǹһ
Ҳһ񣬺ĸֵֽľ飬ǿɲ˭еģƷԵңҲ֪ˣ֮£Ȼǿߣ
֮ǰƻ֮󣬾ѾǽλΪκһ֣ʵƻĶҪһĶ֡
ڣ˽ʺ֮󣬲ҵµıˣȷʵǿᡣ
ǳƷûнԸĻֻûа취Կʺ
ʺ̫ǿˣѾ˽ᵤڵΪѷ֡
ڽʺشȼطֻ¶ʱڶҪ˲ˡ
Ҳ˳Ʒֵʱ
ʺٶȳ֣Ҳ𣬱ϾһһսԸʣ֮ģսһ
Ҹղһս֮Уһ֮ûжùأһŵˡ
뵽Ʒ΢΢һЦһջС˲֮죬ط
ϧˣҪתÿʱÿ̶ҪԸҪ취һЩԸܲˡ
ʱصκҲԿûƲ֮ķϾκҲкܶˣҲкܶ˲֪ء
أƷоԼȫȣȻǸղŵս֮У鵤ڵϿʼɶ
ãһûᣬһͻƵ鵤ڣƷڴκţҲѾ˲ˣնɱʺشӦòȥǵ鷳ˡ
뵽ƷҲԥһ֮죬һͽ뵽ɽͼĿռ֮С
ȻƷһ߿ʼתϵĳ鵤ڵϣһߵȴһöճ졣


1490 ͻƣ鵤
һĴսǽֶֶǽᵤĸ֣Ʒ˵ջǾ޴ġ
˵쳵ĽԶԶ浶ǹĸһ̵ջĸһЩ
ɽͼĿռ֮УƷϵڵķʼķ
ϵĳ鵤ڵϣ
Ѱ鵤ڱƷֱǿӣ־࣬ҲΪˣҪһͱѰҪѵġ
ԼҲڤڤ֮е⣬ƽ⣡

Ʒڵķо̫ԼͻƣϸˮͻƣҪһʱ䣬пͻơ
ԳƷûκԥֱָʯϸ߿ձ鿪ԭ֮С
һնɱһˣջ֮󣬿󣬹Ʒʯջ֮࣬ټָƷķһЩЩʹõġ
кܶƽѵһҩģֵͬơ
ͳͳƷʯĻܾгʯ˵һҹ
ǳƷԼҲܴЩҩԲ˵Щʯ̶ʱ֮ڣͱƷȼյǧд뱻ˡ
ĸߴЩǿĸֵʬ׵ٶԽԽ죬ֱתΪ
ʣµĲ֣򱻳ƷԼˣƷʩչϵЩ
ǻʼսҲãҲãҪһҪĴʯ
Ʒ죬ɴֱȿʼԶǶѻɽʯڳƷķץ֮£շڰ֮з׷ը鿪ӴӳƷֱӺ˽ȥ
ǣͬʱҲͨŵڣ쾳翪ʼܹɴţӡ
ֻҲû˭ƷֱѰͱˡ
ǳƷȴͬһЩһֱ˹ʼḶ́һΪʹĹ̡
˳Ʒһޱȵļ̣ǼˣƷҪ׵׵˺ѿÿһϸ˺ѣ֮¹нд
־ᶨͬƷ㣬Ҳ۵죬֪Ǳؾ֮·Ȼƾʲôǿᣬܹͽֽ
ڳƷʱ򣬳ƷڵһöҲɢŵĹâʽƷٵ޸ڵơ
ͬʱҲóƷһ˺һ߽ƣ֮зĽС
ÿһÿһ룬·һôʮֵʹ࣡
䣡
أƷһȣһɿֲķ˿ۿžҪγɷ籩ȴһӸȫסˣʧΡ
һӣǲ֮졣
Ʒ۾ܹоһǿЧʮ־ˣ˵ֱǿ˼Ρ
ʱӲӲ֮ƷҲ˿޾ˣǿȣȣֱ˷츲صı仯
ڵľҲӿɸķֻҪΪͻƣսҲһֱͻƵᵤڡ
Ϊһεͻƣ鵤ڵ֮Ҳʲô̫谭һ۷塣
ʱƷѾһ׵׵Ѫˣ˺ѵʱģЩѪмںڣ֮еʣÿһϸ˺ѵʱҲ˳ų˳
Ʒ΢΢һЩѾɿݵѪֱӱ˳ȥڰ֮лΪҽ
һ£һεͻƣǧƷʯٶ֮죬ñ˿ֻ¶ҪĿɿڴ
漴Ʒ֮ϣȻʱѾ죬ʱҩҲǰδеŨ
Ʒһ֣һöѾɵ˳ƷУſ죬ͱ˽ȥʱֱӻһȾʼ֫ٺÿһѨÿһϸɢ
Ʒڰ֮УתʼԴԴϵĽһתΪԼͻҪ
䣡
䣡
䣡
Ʒڵķڲϵıÿһεͻƣ÷޴ıը
ÿһεıը󣬳ƷķȻһ˺ܶࡣ
ڣʱ䣬ƷȸǵķƽϢҲͻơ
Ʒ۾εΪ׳ۡ
ͻˣ
Ʒ֮еǿ˵һΪ˫˫ͻƣսҲ˷츲صı仯
ֱͻƵ˽ᵤ۷壬ֱʺʺҲɱ


1491 鵤۷
ΪͽӲƷǿȣԽʺĸ֣ɱ
ȻƷҲܴùʺԱȴûʲôѶˡ
Ʒ⣬棬Ҫ𾪣ͽӲƷʲôľ磬һܹõľ硣
֮٣ܹزģǰ޹˺ߡ
Ʒûоӷɣ˵ΪԶԶ
ãڵҩҪûһͻˣ
ƷֱӴһʼȫڵҩ
Ѿ鵤۷壬ͻƵ鵤Ȼ˲ٵҩǸҩ֮зڡ
Ʒɴֱ˳һͻƣ֮ǰڴʱҲľ͵ﶼ¿عһΣĻҲôɿٽһ
һµʱ䣬Ʒٶȴӱչ֮˹
ʱƷһǰѾͬնˣʵ𵱳δͻƵʱǿ˺ü
Ͻʺʱ򣬲£ܽʺѾǼΪ˲ˣͬð˲ȭʺôĻͻᱻش
վҲƷ㹻شмһ޴ķԾ
ȻʺҲûôɵվóƷҲ֣ڿƷҧгݣ޲ýƷɱɡ
սһ֮УֱͻƵᵤ۷壬ƷаգѰᵤĶ֡
Ͼһµ֮У½½ƷǧƷʯԼΪ
˵ļ
ոմһƷʯѾĹ룬˵붼ģŻ붼Ϊȡ
ƷһѾɽͼˣһܵĶһƬȺɽ֮УƷôһҷɣԼ֪ɵĶȥˡ
һƬȺɽ֮УǸߴɵĲĿ֦ҶïڱеĹԴֻԼԼĿһЩ
Ȼӵ鵤ΪᵤսĳƷ˵ǾͲʲôˣһ۾ͿԿԴ
ܿ죬Ʒͷˣ֮ϣһݹ⻮ԶȥƷץʸʱǼݹ⣬ӲͬĵطɹĿȴǳȷĳһȥ
⵹е˼
ƷһһΣͻ˽޳ģֱҲ̤һݹ⣬Щ˷еķ˹ȥ
Ƭ֮䣬͸һ޴ɽǰһɽ弫󣬳ϰٹ
ɽɽ£ȻһЩݹĿĵҲǽһ֮С
Ʒ˶ݹ⣬Уɨһ£ͷ֣еҲμķֳ֣һֻ϶ûʲôΪ޷ǲǺ죬֮Ӧǵص
һǲͬˣȫȫͨ߶ϵΪֳƷ١
ЩΪϢ˸ڳƷǰһһͳͳ¶˳
Ʒɫֱץһѯһ
ŵ֪һȻϢԭﾹȻǴͳιһƬص׽ڵı֮ء
֮еˣȻǵ׽ڵӵļֻô꣬Ѿûʲô׽ڵĴˣ϶ֻͨ˶ˡ
Щͻˣϵľ񣬶æ㵽һԣҺЩ˽ӴҪ֪Щһӵнǳػʵ
ȳƷ˽⣬һͨߣѾ˳Ʒǰ˵ӣ
Ʒüͷһôʶң
ǸͨߣЦһ˵Ȼģ֮ǰ¼䣬ڻ˭֪ӵĴأ
Ʒһ룬Ҳǣ֮ǰʮŵ飬Ҳסֻ˵Ѱ䡣
ǽ޳ֻ׵Ļ³Ʒͱ˷ˡ
Ӧòֻ˵ЩɣƷЦЦ˵
룡ʱͨ߸ɴҲӣֱ˵
Ǽ˭Ʒ
Ӽ˾֪ˣֱ˵
Ǻãǰ·ƷҲںֱ˵ʱ˵ո˵ʺκβ֮£Ҳûʲôµġ
ƷǸߣܿ˳֮һͥԺ֮УͥԺ̨֮ͤ¥⾳Ȼǳиסլڱˡ
¥ϷһƬɫĽ磬ɢŵĹâ


1492 ȫʢʱ
һͥԺ֮߳һģӣһɫۣߵ˳ƷĶǰ
ӣ鵭ȻƷֻǵĵ˵ͷ
ƷֻɨһӣһΪȻҲﵽ˽ᵤĳ̶ȡ
ʱЩȻʲôʱᵤ˴ײһʲôطܼһˡ
֪γƺƷ˵
΢΢һЦ˵ǵʦЭ᳤
Ʒɫ΢΢ȻʦЭ᳤ôֻһֿˣǵʦЭܻĻ᳤
ʱƷȻѹӵ㾪˵Ϊԭӵݡ
ʦЭ鲼£ǿ֮жķ֧ʵɲ⣬Ļ᳤ǽᵤҲྪ׵顣
Ͼһǿֲһһʦһʦضһǿ֡
ûнᵤ򣬵ʦЭƾʲôԼĴ쵽ǿǿҪӣ
ʦЭ᳤ǵʦټϻһᵤǿߣֻǿҲδԸĴڡ
ԭ᳤Ʒ˵ûͣ飬ǶʦܻȷʵǾˡ᳤֪Ϊ£
ǵõɽǷֻĻ᳤뽣˵ôżɽֱ˵
ƷʱɽֻĻ᳤ȷʵ˵æǸʱ˵ˡ
Ҽǵãѵ׽йôƷ˵
ô˵ӻ֪ߵ鿩ЩĿųƷ˵ΪƷѭģ˭֪ƷȻѹҲ֪ӣΪȻ
ȷʵ֪ҲвģƷ
׼ȷ˵ʵǱʺ׷ɱģͲ֪Ķˡ
̫ˣ˳ƷһۣѭҲˣȻоߵġ
˵ʲô˵Ʒд˻
е˳·ܱе˺ȿˮ죬˲ͬ
ÿ˵˶ͬȻһ˵ܹزĸ֣϶һˣͨ˵ĹȣӣʲôѶܹ׻ѳ飬ʶµ
У˵Ҳ࣬Ȼ˲һУе˿츳е˿źŬ˵־ԷԼˡ
ĳ̶ֳ˵˱Ŭ־츳ȵҪضҪҪ
е˱չʮ궼ûͻƣе˳һȦһүүһַӳΪ¶ĸ֡
Ȼ֪ǲֻˣСһд˵ˣôֻ»﷭
ǳƷǶʮѣΪΪ춯أһ
·ڤڤ֮бָҲ
˵׽ڵĽҲǣųƷֱ˵
ȷʵ׽ڵĽƷֱӳ˵֪ˣ޳ʱôҡôס
ڵΪȷʵҲ±֪ҪᣬҲÿûˡ
ûˣ˵ͷЩ⣬ƷȻܺԥĳϣɲһеǡ
ʵͺһĹϵ׽ڲ֪˽٣ʼʵ
ֻ֪һЩ׽ͳιƬأƷ
׽ȷʵͳιһƬأʱ׽ںǿӳиƣǵڵʱҲ㲻жô˲ãһȫʢʱ˵׽ͻȻ˥ˣȻǸƵ棬һֱڣ
ͻȻ˥ˣΪʲôͻȻ˥ˣϰôͻȻһӾ˥أƷе֣ӵϰӵжǿʢƷ붼롣
Ϊ֮УҲǲڵģǵӾϰˣһЩۣԼĵȵȣЩŻȦԼרӣЩ߰˰˼ֱֻƿص˿ھгǧ
ΧȷʵͳΣ
Ȼڸ˵Ƶȷʵв࣬ͳεģʽͺ͹Ҳͬһ˵ܹƿô˿ڣȷʵˡ
ϾŵҪȹҪ͵ĶˣҪͳεķ棬ֻҪܹȷܹԴԴϵյӣܹԴԴϵ˰ҲͿˡ


1493 ˮ
νôﶤձӵϰӵô˵ûоûˡ
ע⵽ͻȻ˥ʣһ˵Ȼû£˥䣬ҲһĹ̡
ʵϣҲ̫˽⣬Ϊսҵĸ棬ǵʦЭԵҲƽıԵ˵ķǳƽ·ǲǵʦЭһǸУ伮ҲʧˣԶڵ飬֪꣬Ψһ֪ǣƺ׽Զδ֪ĵط˴ܣԶܻʮһʣµҲѹشں̵ܶһʱ֮ڣûˣű˹ƣ
ԶˣƷʱΪ𾪣׽ӵϰӣȻԶʧˣ
ԶľʲôȻǿ
ǵģԶˣĶûʷ֮УҲ
˵
׽û֮űƣҲȫ¾ԭ׽౦ıҲʧӰ٣˵ʵһֱڣһɽУһ֮еľʵǵ׽ڿرĵӵĺˣ
ΪȱԴ򲻿ôƷʵ
˵ͷ˵һԭ򣬵ǲȫԭ򣬹ؼʱʵϣһɽֻһڶѣʵǸǽһƬռ֮У׽û֮Ѿڵδ⣬ֻÿŻعһΣһΣǱٶȻعʱֻǸʱܽУ
ҲֵĻҲû˰ɣƷ˵
ֵģ˵ʵϣһ֮ԻڴˣΪ˰գһĸԳԡסݣһΣǱؼյʱ򣡡
ƷʱȤͽʺսһжżȻǾȻǰ㵽ˡ
ܣ֪ҪδǸܵģȵǿҲƷֱҡͷ˵
Ժ֮еʵļ䣬Ȼ֪ҪδҪεȾ˵Ϊ±ȵǿһҲĵز
ҪǿߣԽǿĸԽƲ⣬Щ˳֮еټԽԽǳֱⲻС
Ϊ˵鵤ǽᵤĸŶǲܵ顣
ȻҪ㵽ӵĵǲܵ飬ʱ۵ʱҲһǰˣʱֻͨס㵽»תȻ¶õ¼ĺôȥˣЦ˵
ƷŻȻĻǾˣֻͨĳֶ㵽챦⽫Ǿô˭Щδ֪
ֻȷһܿѣ
ڤڤ֮жǴʮʮţһЩ
ǶǱ߲ɣͬʱڡ
ˣҲСֻģɵһЩĺãܹõĺôʵ̫ˡ
֮ǰһֱᵽġסֻ¾йأܹ㵽Щ飬͡סӦܲɷֵĹϵ
֪ЩмأƷ˵
Ҫ׽ڵı⣬һҪ߰ѽǵʦЭһѣһѣʺκҸһѣлȪһѣһѣھǽ̵Уڣ渵˵
ƷѹֵʱǸ޹Ȼ˽ˣΪЩ漰ĸȻ޹ںЩһѹǡ
Ųţ˭֪ȴ䵽˳ƷУ˳Ʒ
¼ȻݣôûأƷЩɻʵ
ǵҲУֻϧûǸֶΣ˵
ƷһҲǣȻӴҲһȻŽЩĸˣ
漴֮һĨɫ˵Ϊˣɴཫй¶˳ȥŻôĸĸ֣
ˮ㣿ƷϾʲôˣûнһΨһİ취ǽһ̶ˮˣǲźûˮ㡣
ԭȫԲһڸĸֶˣۼôĵ֣˵нᵤɢ޸ֳ֣Ҫ˼֡


1494 ʦЭῪ
ӹȻҪˮ㣡׽ڱ֮ձѾ뵽нˣ
ַֺϺϣҲˣҪˮ㣬͵ÿûôõˣ
Ʒ˵ͷҪռ⣬Ҫˮ㣬Ҫʲôô׻ǵÿûôõڡ
һˣҲýϱֻΪչֳᵤʵһ˱ɵй
ʵ
Ѿ˽ˣ᳤֪ҪΣƷ˵
Ҫһ֮˵
ΪʲôҪһ֮Լһ˱ɵй˭ҲκβңƷֱ˵
Ȼʱǿǿһܺõѡ񣬵Ŀǰʵûʲôµģʺɴѡ

漴ЦһȷʵˣɣԺҿ԰｣ȫһöҩΣ
ļ벻ͣĿǰΪ͵ϵĳɾͣǽᵤĸҪõƵĵҩѡ
ֻϧ֪ǣǰһҪٱĵңͨ˵ԴĵƷмһˡ
һҲƷƶ˵
ԳƷĿǰʵƲĵҩô϶Ҳ붼֪顣
סˣû뵽ȻƷ֮ģƷֿ֮ˡ
һ֮õڳƷ˿ûС
ҿ԰ֵǽ̣˵ӳܵõϢֻ¾ǽҲϵõϢ޷Ǿѣʱ򽣹Ծǽ̽
ƷһҲҪǽ̽Σҷֿѹ
֮ǰƷ˵ĻѾʮİգǾǽ̽ڵ˽ᵤڣ޾塣
𾪵ĿųƷЩȻƷӣڿЦӡ
֪Ʒֻаյģ뵽ɵˡ
Ʒ֮ǰǽϽǶӦֻǽᵤڵսѣŹȥ˶ʱ䣬ƷȻǽ̽޾ˡ
ʵô̵ʱ˸һͻƣ
֮˸ž飬ʵƷĵϸϾλֵ̫ˣȻ鲻κθţֱǾ֣Ȼʧ
ʵҲƷټΪ˵ġ
漴Ҳֻҧ˵ȻˣҲֻˣ³֮ǿṩ󻹵һö㿴Σ
󻹵ƷЩȻ˵ôֶ
󻹵Ѱ˲֪֪ôǲȡ˾ΪĵرƶɵľƷҩԴʦʵƵĳǱȴʦǿĵҲǺ
ؼǣĵرǳԻãȻܹӵо󻹵ΪԾĵط
󻹵һֿԿԼҩǳڵ֮ϵĸַõģڳƷһö󻹵˵ϾͿԽͻƣֱӳ̵ᵤսֱͻƽᵤ֮ϣʵüΡ
ҲЩ֣ƷһӦȻʲôǾ󻹵Ȼ֪󻹵ʲô
ʵϣǵʦЭ֪־󻹵ҲǺܶ࣬ΪϹŵƫΪѣȻУһֱ֮߸
Ȼ֪󻹵Ҳֱ˵ˣǰ˵ʵҲ㲻ľ󻹵Ϊ󻹵Ҫľҩʵ̫ѰˣʵǾƶɵģҩЧ󻹵ƣȡΪСȻҩЧܶ࣬Ƕڽᵤĸ˵Ȼ󣡡˵
ƷһĶᶯģϾΪѰıҲãҩҲãҪж٣СȴͬȻҩЧһ㣬ǶĿǰĳƷ˵Ҳˡ
ã֪ǵĿʲôǵĿǶռ⻹ҪҰæƷ
óСֺöȻͼС
ǵȻûôõڣæ˵֪׽ڵı֮Уһҩ԰ҩ԰УһҩҪľ
ƷһǺθڣʲôҩǾҩ֮һҩĺͱ˲ժˣֻкܹɳһһ͵ĸɱΪҩ֮
ҩҩЧѰҩĵİٱǼƷϢһȥֻϾͻ˷ᣬѹҪ˰æˡ


1495 ˣ
ƷȵĺܣҲֻȶѣȻɱ˶ᱦҲûΪ˴ȴԼһߣȫֶΡ
ҲĻһΥֵߣֻͱʲô
һ˵ᶨԼһеĸ
Ƕ˵Щÿһƫִ
Ʒ֮һƬû˿䣬ŵһĲŷƷҲ̰Ļôнֶһ֡
û⣬һöСҰǶһҩĲҵĳŵ֮ڣƷ˵
ã˵Ȼõܹ붯һᵤĸֳ֣ǲ׵顣³֮һöС˫ַϣ
ԣƷ˵ͷȻˣ뿪ˣ⿪һգ֪ͨҾͿˣ
ãߣ
Ʒ뿪һլԺֱ֮һջסˣȻȴű⿪һա
޳ҹԹԹ
أһ֮д򶼸оһɿޱȵѹѹ
һ˲䣬;֮еĸ֡
˭ǽ̽أһӷˣ֮ϣһ۵ŭݿ·һջ
ǽ̽ͻȻŭ
޳ֺϤĶ˵ˣǰʱʮţǽϽһնɱĸǴǿô
ˣѹ־ǽ̽⽣޳ǲǾǽ̵ıλģܲŭ
ֿɿˣû뵽ͿԿᵤս
ǽ̽ƽᵤ֣⽣޳ֻҲнᵤսһĴϷˣ
һ˲۷׷ף˫ݣҲͲˡ
Ҿץǽ̽˵漴͵һץȥɲǼ䣬һֻ͵һӳſջķץȥ
ǽţһâ˲ֱƿһֻ֡
һĽâֱʣɸߣó֮е˶֪һâһεȿµĺݽɫ
֮ǰڿֵЩ˲͸оɪɪΪǸоһ򽫻ữΪɻңڳ֮еҲһ
ҿɳȫ㣡ţս֮Уʹһ
һɱ˵ķâֱ
ǽ֮̽࣬оɲΪһâ֮иовǼв
طһͶˣ⽣޳ͲǾǽ̣Ѿĸ󻼡
ʱ䣬һֱҳƷ䣬ֻһֱûҵѣû뵽Ȼˡ
ƫƫؿڣԵü֣ΪҲˣƫƫƷӵеʵовԼ
ȻаջܳƷȴҲû˵İգʱ»Ӱ˴α⿪
Ǿ͵òʧˣ
һεı־ڱصãΪһҪһεı⡣
˵ˣʱںò˵Ļ˴ν뱦֮У¾ͻᱻ顣
ȻȻҲǶԱȤģҵ˱֮еΪ֮ڱ֮нնɱǼֱ練ƣǽ̽⣬˼ȥʱƷսһ˵˱ˣ
ڳĸֿв٣ûбҪʱͷֳʤ
ߣ죡ǽ̽һ漴תȥ
ʱ֮˶ˣȻˡ
ǽ̽ȻƷˣ
һֱžǽ̽ʤ˴۾Ȼ˶²⵽˾ǽ̽Ϊʲôûгֵԭ򣬵ǳƷȴǲʵ
Ҳµ˶ԳƷĿֻ޳֮ǰԤϵĻҪǿϲ٣Ծǽ̽Ҳһս֮Ǻ޻֮
Ѿʮˣ
ƷᣬΪȻѾߵز
Ҫ֪ǽ̽ƵĽᵤ֣ǵ֮꣬˵۷ʱȻ޳ȴڿͣδԹ
ֻ֪ҪһǴˣ
ǽ޳ʵȻǿᣬǽ̽ҪɵԶһլԺ֮УֶԶǿջĶţС
м־ȻƲ⣬ˣǲɵм־
ǻ᳤Ϊ⽣޳飬ǿ϶Ҫǽˣʱһ߿˵
ΣνʧеãףôôܣҾǽѵǣô˵


1496 ⿪
ԼʦЭʵ㹻ĵģϾʦЭô꣬ǽ̲ΣӦòǣʦЭᡣ
ϾʦЭ᲻ʵǿ󣬸ǽι˵ʦЭᣬ͵ͱһ
ҲΪ˳Ʒǽ̵ﵽóƷҩˡ
ˣ׼һ£⿪ʱϾҪˣʱҪһʱȥͣУ浽ûУ˵
ѾˣϾͻǻͣ
Ǹֱӿ˵
ţǾͺã˵ͷ
ͬʱ֮еĸҲ׷ע⵽˽޳ĵ׷׽ص㶢ҵĿֻ꣬ڶ̶ʱ֮ڿջΧѾкܶҵ̽ˡ
ЩȻҲƷ۾Ǻںͨղһֵ̽Ѿˣǽ̽ȷʵǿ󣬱֪ҪǿʲôطȥˣҲֻǽᵤ۷壬ᵤڻһ
ѰᵤڸĶ֣ͳƷȣŲСĲࡣ
ƷԵնɱƷûôΪ֣ССĳ̫֮ĸ֣ȳƷΪĻҪ࣬ǽᵤĸֻ֣¾вʮ˵鵤ĸˣֻϰٸ֮࣬Ҷ鵤ϵĸ֡
ֵȼĸ֣¶Ƿëǣ˵Ǹظ֮һˡ
˵ǽᵤĸ֣ǸǺųƿһĴڡ
ôĸ־ۼ֪ĳ浽жôĻңƷȻ԰ıǮҲΪʸ֮ģĻֻ»ᴦԡ
ڽ뱦֮ǰƷ뱩¶ʵ㣬ȻɵĴڣҲֻǼɵѣרŴԳƷ
ڸղŵһ֮УƷǻоϤϢȻϯ졣
֮ǰƷܵʱ첻ֻǰ벽ᵤڣʵʵ˽ᵤˡ
Ϊƻ֮ڶᵤĸ֣Ʒ֮Ӧ÷ͼǿһͻƵ˽ᵤˡ
һ˼ˣۣǾҪ˭ı¸ˣƷ
һѰı⵱Ȼܹµĸ֣׽ڵıȴͬͳιµ׽ڵı⣬жٺöҲЩĶˡ
ټ󵽴ֻܶĸֶ˰ɣĻѽЩȻôЭͬһͬȥ
ΪǿҲܺ¶ԿҲֵá
Ʒڿջ֮еȴʱ䣬֮ǰ֪ͨƷҪ˿ʱˡ
һ磬Ʒ˳⣬˻ͣͳƷĲ֮࣬⣬ԼĪŶʮǿߣҲǰ벽Ĵڣм鵤ĴڣЩһ⣬϶źŨĵ޵ĺۼӦǵʦЭԼĸ֡
ΨһóƷеһµߣƾɵ£һļ࣬·ܾļһ㡣
Ʒ࿴һۣΪߵΪȻҲǽᵤģ֮ǰƷһ㶼û˵Ĵڣֻһɢ֮е漶
ˣҸһ£һλ棬λǽʱӦţĽ
˵ͷʱڳƷҲţȻ԰ȴҲɵӣԳƷչֳʵѾԼ֮£ǿԵ֮ˡ
һΣ֣ȡҩĻᣬʹˣЦͷ˵
᳤˵ʵȷҩôƷֱʵ
ʵϵʵᵤ֣ѵвô
µҲˣ֮һҪҵӣΪһǵĶҲһ㣬ǵõһűĵͼͼһΪֻǵõһֶѣһ֮бע˱֮ҩ԰ڣǳ֮⣬һԴҲǻˣһΣ֮мͷֶɽˣĿҲһҩƾֻҲ˵Ȳʤȯ
ˣƷȻ˵κ֮ؾڵĴڣľˡ
֮кһЩֻ֣һֱµ֮أδ˵ǰǲСˣϾͽʺʹκнȴûбԱʾʵǿ


1497 Ⱥ
֮ǰƻ۵Ҳᵽ˵飬ѹڴˣΪľס߾ˡ
κ֮һֻ۱һֻۣΪԭҪ赲˶ĵһϣ췴κûԷϳǡ
֪֮еһЩ֮Уһһʽڵģһһ塣
ʮ䣬ǵųʮʮÿһǵĴڡ
ʮ֮УʮʵǿǽᵤĴڡ
ֻʮײ֣Ѱ˲ôŹ
էһ֮£˵ʵȷʵǼǿ󣬱ڲ֪ǿĶȥˣʵϱ˵ǲϲ١
ȻֳȣҲֻһۺԵĳƺʵĲҲҲƽҲΪʲôһܱ֮ϴκ߾ȵĹϵ
ȷʵһֵĶ֣˼ˣƷʵ
֪һʮ˶ʮĸʮ֮еĽᵤ֣ص˵
ƷΪʲô˵ʤ㣬ûĻһ˸û˿ʤ㡣
˵ֻ¸иĿ꣬һ£˵໥ⱬɿƵˡ
Ϊ໥ɵǱҪ
Ȼǽ뱦֮ǰĴ㣬ˣǾͲ˵ˣ
ȷʵֵĺܣƷô֣ǣ˴е׽ڣֻҲûְɡ
޷ȻҴӦ㣬ᾡȫһҩƷֱ˵֮ǰֵʱвϢͬʱ֣гƷδʺϢԳƷҲ̫ġ
Ǻãϳ˵ͷ˷׷׼ݹ⳯ųһɽȥ
ʱڳɽ֮ǰѾڵȴˣЩһƯڰ֮УոԵӪ׷վ
ƷҲǵһһǴκһˣΪ׵ˣһϯ죬վԱߵģһһۣϴżֹߡ
ƷδǴϵĻҲóӦǴκˡ
ҲЩȻû뵽κ֮оȻ֮ǰκ޼ִϵ۶ûҲ֪Ϊκе飬Ϊϻʵ۵Ľ
֮ܶߵʱͳֵĻֻ³ƷҲֲ˺á
ϾʱƷֻа벽ᵤսҲԱѡ
ҲǣʺĽᵤֶֹһκһᵤĸֶûеĻֻҲ̫ܣ˵Ļʺһֻ¾κ۶
ᵤĸֹȻΪĲ࣬ûнᵤȫ¡
˴κһ֮⣬һȺ˴ŴҵţΪ׵Ҳһ۵ߣֻº֮ǰκҵǸһڰеǿߣ뻹ǻˡ
߱Ĳ˼ǿ߲˼ء
֮⣬еҵĴڣǽʺһи֣Ϊ׵һ֣һԼĪģӣһŲǳ۵ӡ
ʺƷͫ΢΢ʺмƣһΪֱǿϲ٣Ѿﵽ˽ᵤ۷壬һȺ֮ǿĸ֮һ
˵ҲǲѲ²ˣǽʺ̫ӣ
ʺȻ֮ǿģĸҲǺƺƵʮˣζǰ벽Ĵڣд붼ǿ˵Ķ֡
ʵŴκʹ˫ܺͽʺᲢۡ
˽ʺ֮⣬ǵԱߣһȺŻȪʽװĸ֣ʣǽʺ֮ţȪڵĸ֡
Ȫڽʺ֮еĵλڴκĵλҲ·
һȺһԺ˶룬ǵ϶ɢŨ
ƷһЩÿ˶ڶ֮УǺʣӦ˵ĸ֡
ΪĹϵԺ˶ž롣
һһѽӵߣǽҲѾԶ̤Ŷݹġ
ǽ̽һȣ˳Ʒʱ򣬶ʱһ֮˸ŲƵĹâ
˶ѾˣʱȺ֮߳һ˵Ȼ˶ѾˣǾóԵĽ׼򿪱ɣ


1498 
˾ʱƷĶߴĻ
Ʒ˵ͷĸ֪֮УֻҲнᵤڵΪڳ֮УҲǰμˡ
߶ԳƷҲû̫õɫΪƷ֮ǰͷĸ˵ܴ衣
Ҳ֪ƷöԸҲֻɫöѡ
Ҳûԥ֪ʱ䲻ֱ࣬ӽ˳ö϶Ϊһɽֱ֮ӿٳһͨԼĪųʮҡ
໥һۣҲûκԥ׷֮̿ͨС
˼ǰֺ󣬲Ƭ֮ǧ־Ѿ֮ͨС
֮ͨУһ޴Ĵ˵ǰ
ޱȵӴ󣬸ߴϰɣ˴֮˲ŷ֣֮УһʮͬͨȻʮͬͨͨͬĵط
ûκԥƬ֮䣬ѾѾѡõ·ߡ
ƷֱӳߵͨӶȥ
Ƭ֮˵ĸ־ͽŶȥ
ֻʣЩɢ޸һȦǲǸĸ֣ͻٵĵõһЩ鱨ҸĬϻֺΧ
˰죬Ҳֻܸѡһ·Ӷȥ
Ʒһ֮ͨϣһ·ۣ˵ĸԽ׷Խ
ãȥᱻ׷ϣãǼȥᱻ˵ĸ׷ϡ
˵ĸ֮ԱΪûеͼԱҪǡ
ȥȵ˸ϵҩ԰˵ĸҲͲҪˣĻֻǸˡ

ƷһɴֱԷˣ֮˲չʩչɾű䣬һ˵ٶȳԶӶȥ
ԭܸ˸˲ͱƷ
Ƭ֮䣬Ѿھʮ֮ͨпƷ˵Ӱ
𣬸׷
˵ĸԭںֻҪͿˣ˭֪һӾȻƷ˦ˡ
֮ͨУҲ𾪵ĿųƷƷֶʵ̫ˡ
˵£ٶȾȻû˻Ҫ죬ǺεȺ˵顣
뵽ǲŷֻ֣Լû͸Ʒ
Ʒ˽˵Խ˦ԽԶƬ֮Ĺ򣬾Ѿͨĳڡ
أȴһֻɫĴ͵һӳץ˹
ƣ
ƷһȣͷϾȻ۳˽һһֻɫն˹ȥ
أ
Ʒһһֻɫָնƫ˹ȥ
ţ˷֣ǰ֪ʲôʱ򣬾ȻһԼĪһɶߵĽɫܡ
ղһɫֵܳסˡ
ǱܱסȻĻǾͻᱻ׷ϣ
޷ȥ󣡡Ʒ˵
ã
ϵ˵֪ʱǫõʱ
ֱӴһӹ
ɫĿҪ赲ȴһ˵Ľâɨֱӽɫֱܵ¡
Ʒ˹ȥȴɫֱܵ۾Ȼ»صɫܵϣһ󲨶֮󣬾Ѿָ
е˼
ƷһЦǲΪ⡣
ɫܵҲΪǿ󣬿ȽᵤڵΪĿǰĳƷ첻в
Բϻָе鷳
Ҳֻе鷳ѣʲôĿܣĺģֻҪٵ˺ģһҪ
ƷͷһƳһץһֱ̳ɨǧâͬһ䵽ɫܵϡ
Ƭ֮䣬ɫܾͱնһһεģۿɫܾҪʱȴƷһֻץ˳ȥֱץеһˡ
أ
˱Ʒһץ˷ĩԭڴҪĽɫһӶҲˡ
˾ɫܵĺģ
Ʒ°ͣɫܵм˼𿴳Ʒƺɵľͽɫܸٵʵˣֻ˵Ļֻ¾ͻᱻһɫ
ΪǸûƿɫܵķ
ѰᵤڵĸҲƿɫܵķҲΨй˫ĳƷܹɫܵľˡ
֮Ҳͷ۲ѣҲ˳Ʒͬ˿һ㡣
ڳƷʱ䣬˵ҲѾͨڣͨڵĳƷ
ϣɱ


1499 һѹ
Щ˵˵һӦҪƷɱ;ǱڵжԵ
ɱңҲÿûˣƷЦһ˵
𣡡
һ޴һͷһͷֲ̫һ㣬ڶŨһ㣬ųƷϯ
Щ֮еĹ֮Уǵض
ǲ˷ʱ䣬һɱС
Ѱᵤֻ¶ҪһӱشǳƷôһĽᵤأȻľ粻鵤ȴѰᵤҪֲ̫ˡ
Բ
ƷһɨֱݻһƬյľ󣬾ȻɲǼ䣬˺ѿѹһС
ǰŨŨϯĹҲƷһ˿޷赲סƷһ
סǸϽ׷ȥ
ʱ˵ĸ֮߳һĸߴӰӰΪߴ׶ߣ֮г֮С
ʱЩ˵ĸַ׷׳Ա߶ȥҪӳƷƹȥ
ȻǼԽƷһ˲䣬һâն
䣡
һ޴ĺһ˵ĸһҽУ˵˳ȥؿڶһ󶴣ۿų࣬٣ˡ
һɱһ֣
ʱȫһƬţ
˶ͣ˽Ų
һʼûƷһǰĸ֮У˵ʵǿġ
ȻҲǼʮ˵Ĺģжкܶͨ߰벽
ֻȫǵ֣кüᵤĸ֡
ݣᣬҲ±Χ
⵽˴ΧҲɱһ·
һǿҪסǣǸܵģȻ˭֪Ʒˡ
֪࣬ʲôôΪ׵Ǹ˵ĸĶųƷѾŭˣ
ŭΣҲȥ͹ȥ
ƷЦһ
ϣɱΪ׵Ǹ˵ĸһȡ
ʱʮ˵ĸַ׷׷һıȣֱӳųƷ˹
ЩҲǵϵĸ֣ʮ˺֮ɽ纣Х
·ⶼҪ֮ҡһ㡣
ս˲䱬ˣ
Ʒһ˶ɢŽɫĹâһɫսһŹѹ¡
䣡
˶սһʮ𶥼ֽƷΧסǵĹÿһɻһǳأȫ˳Ʒϣȴ޷ƳƷķ
һЩ˵ĸ־Ѿʶ˲ˣƷķ̫ǿˣǵĹ䵽˳ƷϣҲֻܹǿһȴ޷ƿƷķ
ƷҲûҪƴ˼һѳֻǷȻĵˮ©
ôܣ⻹ôô廹Ҫǿ
һĸֵɴ۾˼飬ƷĹ£ķͬ¡
˵š
ʱ򣬳Ʒ֪ʲôʱ򣬾Ѿǰһâɨ˲񷣬Ƭ֮䣬һӰһâȻѾǰ
ͣ
âֱӽɴ۾ȫȫŵӡ
𣡡һ޴ӳƷ࣬
ʱһɿֲɲǼĹ򣬾ȻضžҵĲ
ȴһͷɫëʨź˹Щ֮еͷˣëʨ
κβ˳ƷĿųƷչɱ¾Ҳ಻סˣֱӻ˱Ŀ
Ҳ峣ֶΣȻ廯ҲʩչѧͨǶ˵ֶΣǱ
ڱ̬֮£ǵսϣȻֻɣǶڶ˵ǾʤĹؼ
𣡡
һͷëʨʵ̫ǿˣѾǽᵤ۷壬һ˲䣬Ϊ˱֮ʵɣӲˡ
ֱſѪڣǷһڿڵ콣ųƷն
ƷǲŲæֱһȣҹ
ƷֱһնȥâһͷëʨϣֱһĽɫëն˿˺ѿһѪۣ۵һͷëʨҽ
أ
һͷëʨֱն˳ȥ޴κݺݵ䵽˵ϣֱӽҳһӡ
Ʒ΢΢һΣɲǼ䣬ѾʧԭأֱɱȺ֮С


1500 ջ
أ
Ʒһɫһ㣬ϵЩȺ֮С
ʱʱһƷɳȥ
Щ˵ĸ֣ÿһһ֮ϵ֮ǿĸ֡
ԳƷʱȴûʲô취
ЩϾһ󷨣֮ԿƷ
ȻƷսõѹƣ
ǼˣҲֻѹ˳ƷҪ˵ƷǸܵġ
ëʨǾ޴ϵڴ֮зΪץסƷ
ǳƷٶ̫ˣȳ֮ǽëʨ߾ȫҲûа취ϳƷٶȡ
ֻǲڳƷıԻң
𣬸࣬ûеӺͱһս
ǽëʨž޴ޱȵѪڣϵ˵
ëʨô˴һ˼˵ûеӣƷЦӵĿֲƣ࣬Ϊûгȫ
չֳǽΪ˶ΪֻǽޣʵǽĹֶֻеһֶѡ
Ʒʱ䣬ôӦѾˡ
ҲǼˣˣ
ƷһХ˰εض˲仯һâʧԭأһʧǰ
ЩǴʱŷӦƷ֮Իᱻ֮У䱾˵ΪƷҪסǣĻûпס
ô
ôܣ֮ôֿµĴڣ
˾ͺһڽΪ춯أ˿ɱȣ
۷׷ףе˳Ʒˣɵ΢΢һΪڸղŶ̶̵Ķŵڼ䣬Ʒͺɱ˺ü
жôĿȻض˵ǿǳɱ˵ǵǼһɱڳƷĹ֮£һоͻ
ֻҪ΢һͻڳƷϡ
˵ʲôûҪڳƷϣ
Ѱ鵤ڣ鵤ڣڳƷǰǺ޻֮
Ҫ֪һ˵ݣ˽ʺѪĽ£ڽֻһƷ޲ߣʧء
ǵ⵽˼Ĵ֮иֲ಻֪κһ֣ӵеʵȴޱ𺳡
һ֮뽫סͽסּĸ֮л֪ж١
֮˶ʱһ
Ϊڶ֮Укܶ඼ǲֻ֮أΪʲôռ޾Ļ磬ֻߵء
ΪʵԶԶͬĸ֣
ǽȴݺݴһ⣬ף֮и֮ǰΪô
ǲһɲĸоǲǣ֮УǳƷҲֻôһѣڸôһ¡
𣬸׷ˣǽΪ£
ëʨһ
첻ܵõҩĻͳͳԲðɣ
һʱ˴еĿ꣬Ŀһҩν֮սԹҲһˡ
֮ڶ֮䣬ͬл͵أ֮䣬ֻһ
˵Ҳͬˣ
徳ڣǵʵǿҲǷǳðյж
ϾһСľͻΧˣսû˻ǡ
ǻˣΪľһҩһҩûˣǺʣͰðôķˡ
Ǻǳе뵽ʱʿΪ֮һ񣬲Ľ־ǺηʥǶһҩ
뵽Ƿ׷׶һųƷķ׷˹ȥ
ƷٶǸ죬ֱӳ˽ȥӳģһ޴ޱȵҩ԰
ҩ԰֮УҩҲ꣬ǧ꼶ҩġ
Ҫ֪Ƿǳѵһģҩ֣ܹôģϵȵ֮󣬾ͻᱻժҩˡ
ѹܲҩˣôʱҩͻ׳ΪҩҲǷǳ飡Ʒ
ҪҩȵҪҩĵƷʷǳߣξҪ㹻ʱ㹻
Ψ˲ϣ˵˲ӣȴôܹôʱ䡣
Ʒһҩģʱ۾Ź⣬඼ѵһҩġ
һ߷ӹһ߻֣һҩץɽͼеıҩɽϡ


1501 ĵʦЭ
ÿһҩ뱦ҩɽ֮УԶһС磬֮оͻԶݻʺһҩĵ滷
ԭ滷Ҫʺϣ
ЩСϣȻһֻɬѶķģСʱԶҪĶ࣬Щҩļٳɲġ
ҩɽΪĵطĻűƷõ꣬ĳٶȣܳƷǵһöԲء
ֻǽǿߵľѪҲô˵ٶȳ죬ϾҪգҲҪܳʱ䣬ҲҪʱ䡣
ڱҩɽ֮УֻҪ㹻ܹѸٵı졣
ǳƷı
漰ʱ򣬼ĿǰĳƷҲ翴һ˵ʵļ䣬ǶʱȻȫ⣬ֻǽɽͼñҩɽʱ϶Щ
Ʒһ·ϣҩĶ׷ץ˱ҩɽ֮С
ҩ԰ǳ󣬲ƺҲֻҩȥģԶЩȻҩûͣ
ΪҲ֪ƷܹΪ赲ãǶûжԳƷжڴ
Ϊ˵ĸʵ̫ˣŲܺǿ⣡
һǲܵģǵʦЭʵ̫ˣѰǵʦЭȷʵһȻƽʱʱ򣬼ǽʺҪ֡
ǵ֮ǿȻη壬浽ҪƴʱǵʦЭûô
Ҫƴˣ˭ͷʱǵʦЭȱֵͱ¶ˣ
ȻʦЭ᲻ȱٵ֣Ϊ٣Ҫᵤĸ֡
ȻʦЭᣬҲֻһѣ
ͬȼĸ֮УҲ̫óսҲΪˣһ档
ˣҲûƣټһƷҲòĶȥ
ǱҪץʱ䣡
˵ĸܻ׷ҩ԰ֻ棬൤ʦЭĸΧһͷ
ͷ׷ԲԵֽýȻĸ֮£ڽڵֿڽںˡ
żĲУ˲󷨣ЭҪͷ£ȴϱͷֵ
Щ˵ĸ֣ÿһǵϵĸ֣Ϊ۹ȻҲģ˲ϳˣͷȻһ˲γɾˡ
˲мǧˣ
ëʨֱӿ˵
һҲ׷׵ɴ۾һӦþҪҵһҩˡ
һ˲Ҫ˰󣬹ǧſʼɾҪҩҲ˲ĳ̶ȣҲǧпܡ
һģΪ󲿷ûмǧʷôǧ˲
û٣һ˲ǵˣëʨЦ
֮ǰȻƷ赲һӣҲû˲ûܹһ˲
һ˲Ѿһͷˣǣܹʩչѧ
ֻܹ˴Ĳ£ͿóһѧҲʮǿģһսҲڽᵤΪ
ҲΪʲô֣˴һʱһ˲
ã
ʱҲܿ췢˽ëʨ˵ĵ
޳ҲûסǶã
ɫһ䡣
棬Ҳӣڿ˵֮ɫȻһӱˡ
ǵٶ̫ˣûܹһ˲ҲֳܹƷΪƷѾȡһβ̵ʱ䡣
ƫƫԼûܹһ˲
Ƕʮĸ֣ƷֵܹڣѾǳѵˣڶûƷǿƷֻѾˡ
һǺòײŽ˲Ƶ˾·ۿžҪջˣƫƫʱ򣬽ëʨ
סǣ
һ
ȻǰΧ˲Ķֳʮˣ˵Щǰ
ƾЩҲסǣʱëʨЦЩҲǸ¶Цݡ
ǶԸ˳ƷóƷû취ǾǰЩ߻û
ϣץ˲
ëʨһȣʱ׷״һȥ뵤ʦЭĸִսһ
սûκģЩصĸָЩĶ֡
أ
أ
أ


1502 FLAGúãͶ̥Ͷ
սһ˲䱬˿ϾѾռˣֻ˸ֵһѣټʵϸǲ˲ֹһΡ
սոտʼʱ򣬾Ѿȫȫ·ˣ˵ȫȫѹŴ
Щͨĸּһ˲ͱɨ˳ȥ
ۣ
ۣ
ۣ
Щַ׷ײҽһһѪ˳嵹˳ȥݺײ˵ϣؿڶİ˽ȥ֪ܵжôء
Щ˵ЩͨĵʦЭָͲǸ֡
ͷĵĸһȺֵΧҲǺܿ·磬һѾˡ
ƴˣ
ʱ𵤾ĸַ׷ҧһھѪȻ˳˵ķȼ֮ǰҪǿࡣ
Ҫʱ䣬Ϊȡʱ䡣
ǻδȴֻһֻƾһӾͽ𵤾ĸָ˳ȥ
أ
أ
޴ĺ𵤾ĸֺݺײ˵ϣȫɢˣֱѪɣܿ죬˾ͳһѪˡ
˸ոʹطʵʵµĽëʨȴǶ֣һƾͱĳˡ
һ˲ͱش˹ȥ
ƾַҲ赲·ëʨ쳤Хһ漴м˵
ղźͳƷսһֱ̫ˣôΧƷһȴκβóƷ
ڿ˵ݺݳһڶˣ֮Ҳȫֱ̬
ϣϣ
ëʨһʱʮ׷״һȥ
أʱֱվ˳
֪Щ˲öԸûеѡΪ֮ǰǷ˵ʦЭܴ飬ʱ֪ǺܼѵľҲϡ
ƣ
϶һڱâҲǽᵤʵʱȫȫͷ˳ĵڡ
һ͵ȥֱӳźĽëʨϡ
СҲǰ
ëʨЦһһֱ֣ӽһµĵâץˣǿɴ˿ɼһ㣬ëʨǿ̶֮жǺպĴڡ
ʱȫ˳
Ƭ̼ĹѾᵤΧסˣûһֵܹ
ټһëʨǶ̶̼еʱ䣬Ѿȫ·磬νرʧڶ̶̵ļ֮Ѿ¶ˡ
ëʨǳʱһһצץؿڡ
أ
һѪ˳˲䵹˳ȥ֮ǰЩʦЭĸȣҲûκ
һ˸޷ֵסôˣֻȫҪɢ˼ˣëʨ̫ǿˡ
ֻһˣͲܹԿ˵ģ˵ʵǿһЩĸԱǶʮ鵤Ҫʱ䣬룬ûκʤ㡣
಻ˣ
ʱһӰֱӺ˳Ȼֱӻһͷ޴ޱȵһͷչᳬʮ׳ԶԶȥȻͬСɽһ㣬̫֣ȫɢһ־˵Ķ
ӵнᵤΪķΪ֮ҲϺŵǿߡ
ӣ
ʱ۾ֱˣ޷ֲֿĴڡ
أʱһĽձ
ͣ
һâսһͷ޴ޱȵ˸ȻһڱĽƣѸײڶ֮ƺݺݵ䵽˵ϡ
أ
һͷ޴ޱȵֱһ䵽˵ϣ޴Ҫȴ޷ѿһڱȫȫĶ˵ϡ
𣡡
ŭֻоһڱӡסķҪҲûа취
ɧɧˣ
ʱ֮ϴһʵ
̧ͷһȴһµ̤꣬Ŷݹʵ죬Ƭ̼Ĺ򣬾Ѿ˵ǰ
ˣʦЭһ˵¶˾ϲ飬һߣ˵϶¶˼ּ˹һ顣
ȫû뵽ʱȻֿ˳Ʒǻ֮ǰκβóƷʱĿ־ˡ
ǴʱͻȻ֮ǰǿɻûɱƷأֻǳƷʧˣڿ˳Ʒʧɫ
ȴƷߵһͷǰ˵ղ˵ʲôţ಻ˣϻ˵ĺãFLAGúãͶ̥Ͷ磡


1503 ˵Ǿô
ȫһļž˶ɵˣȫû뵽ƷȻֵôͻȻ
ô򵥴ֱһһᵤĶָ˵ϣǺεȺ˵ʵ
ǿǽᵤĸְ
ųѹһĿֲȴƷһ˵ϣ
ʦЭĸҲǵһƷ֣ǵʦЭĻ᳤鱨ϣƷӦֻһѰĽᵤŶԡ
ȻڿƷӵеʵҲͲѰĽᵤ
ϾҲû˵һͨĽᵤ԰һᵤĸһ
𣡡
һͷŭһȫķͼȴȻûƿƷڱʩӵķӡ
ģʵϣֵεĴڣƷҲһˡ
룡
Ʒһֱһźݺݲȵ˷ԴϣǸ޴ԴƷһŲȽ˵֮Уȳһ޴ޱȵѷ졣
ǣëʨ¶˼ŭɶ顣
ôƷЦһбѽ
ƷĻŭ˼ȣȻ֪Ʒڹ̼̲סŭˡ
ϣҪʬΣ
ëʨһЩ˵Ҳûκԥֱӷȥ
ҲͱƷ׼ŭˡ
δŵļһûнֱɶˡ
ܽƷնɱڽ£ǵͷֱͨ
ʱ򣬳Ʒͬһڣץס˲
˳ƷĻ˲Ŷʱ˲䷴Ӧ˹ҲЩһ˸ղųƷսľʵ֮С
ڣڷӦ˹ǴеĿģΪץ˲
лˣ
ߺһһǸ˲СĴۣ붯˳Ʒģڿֵ̫ˡ
ûгƷĻѹᶼûУͻᱻ˵Ǹɢˡ
䣡
ƷЩ˵ĸֵĴսҲ˲䱬˿
ʱ˲ſ˳ƷղסЩ˵ġ
һץٶֱץһȻ͵һʧԭء
˵ĹƷûκһǰĺ£෴ģֱӳɱȥۿžҪ˵ӲӲҲڻ¡
˼ֱɵˣǼ;׵ˣҲûô£ô;׵Ĵڣֲ˲ɢ˿
ƷһһЩ࿹ȴû˿·硣
һĻҲһæٶȳ˲ȥ

ëʨһֱֻ˱壬һͷͬСɽһľ޴ʨ
һߣʣµᵤҲһӱ˳׻˱塣
һǻ˻ɫĳëĻëԳɢűŰϢ
һǻһͷ޴ޱȣɫëĺèһ˫ɫ֮ͫɢ֮ɫ
ᵤĸּ˳ƷϵΪŨỤ̃ųƷϯ˹ڱһС
Ʒһһڱսһ𣬶Щ֮УǿľǽëʨëʨΪѾǽᵤˣͷҲͬǽᵤȻǳƷĶ֣ǽֻǣһ³Ʒǻȫˡ
ڴʱӰֱӷ˹ȥҪȱƷڵϵķ
ǾҪһڱǳʱһ޴ޱȣʮɵĿֲâֱɨ˹ݺ䵽ǵϡ
أ
أ
أ
Щձˡ
˵Ǿô֮ϣ˳ƷĮĻ
ֻһѣͱƷɱ
һ˲䣬ͽ˸ŵˣԭųƷǣסʱ䣬ȳ
ǲŷ֮ǰ뷨̫ˣûгƷôܽ˸ȳ
ƷȻǣסˣҪԸǵĻҲֻҪһжѡ
˶ˣҪ뽫ȳҪƷնɱ
ĻǵȲ˲Ҳûǵķˡ
뵽ЩҲ׷ױ˳׷׻Ϊ˱壬뵽˶ԳƷĽ֮С
ȻƷʵǹĿ࿴浽ƴһսʱЩɱ֮ɱҲ˿ԥ
һ˲һעųƷߵս³ƷսܣҲ·
һĻ׷׵һ
ǶףǱƼˣЩҲܱɱ壬֪Ʒǵѹжô


1504 ڿԻΪĿ
Ϊ𺳵ģҪ֪Щ˵һǶĴڣǵĻܽЩı嶼Ƴ
ܹһƷжµʸ
⽣޳ʲôˣôô£
ǻ벻һ·֣Ȼ£¼ýǶҲţǳƷģͲڡ
Ǻܿͷ֮󣬾ͿʼȫԸһ˲
һ˲ҲѾͨˣʩչ似󷨷סһ˲Ļֻʱһ˲Ѿˡ
飬ǵʦЭʷ֮ϣҲһˣҲǷǳоġ
һߣһ֮סЩ˵ĳƷû˿ѹʱʱľܹЩ˵ˡ
ֹãƷȻûܹһ˲ʱЩͷ
Ȼһ˲ʵȷʵҲǿӵнᵤΪǲô˵սȷʵҲô
Ȼ˵̫ˣֻͬĸ֮УսȷʵֻǱȽϵ׵Ĵڡ
ʦҪзսķ
ҲΪʲôƷõ˵ʵļҲûߵ֮·ԭƷߵ֮·ŵʵļ䣬ȫԸƵʵ֮·ʱΪԶԶ˵ˡ
Ļͬĸ֮У̫ˣҲܹΪһʶѣӲҪﵽĿġ
ôһѣ
Ʒ͵һץץһ֣Ȼֱӳһ˲˹ȥ
˲ڿ˵ʱ͵һͻȻо˾޴ΣһӸͷҪˣߣæӹ󷨣С
ţֻһֱ˲ϣʱɲǼ䣬˲ȵķ·һ˲ͱӡסһ
ֱӴһͷ󻯳һ곤˰ɫ룬һ׶ߵ˲ˣ塣
ڱϻܻ飬źһһǳ˾ҩѰҩĸͲһ¡
̫ˣ
¶˾ϲӵ飬ͬʱҲޱȵ𺧣Щֶκβ˵һ˲ԳƷʱȴǶֱ֣һӾͱӡ˷ԭΡ
û˷֧ţ˲ͻΪ˱壬ܹ赲סֱӱһǬװȥˡ
Ȼһ˲ڲͣĻζҪѿܹѵĿƷµһַء
ʵͳƷ̫Զˡ
˲֮һӣ㣡
һҪս֣˭ϣƷȴǰʲôæߣҰס
ͣ˽ŲҲû뵽ƷͲҪǵİæȻʵͬĸ֮ƫģ˵ףҲĽᵤĸ֣û뵽ȫȫƷˡ
ûκԥս֮УƷͻҳ壬û䵽·˼ʱҲ˳ƷҪǵİæƷߵĻԼͿˡ
뵽̵ϣóƷѪ׷ѡ
ߣ
˵ţ棬ȻҲԷ֮ǰشЩʦЭĸ֡
Щ˷׷׻һĶݹߣ˵һĻʱ໿Уŭɶ
һΪһ˲˲ۿҪǵͷˡ
ʱŭɶҪȥ׷ȴûа취ΪƷһֱǡ
ǵʵ޷ͻƳƷµķȦ֮ǰܹ˳ϹҲΪƷˮˣܹͻƵˡ
뿪֮󣬳Ʒͣ˹ƣֻǿǰһͷͷͬСɽһĿֲޡ
֮еߣǿ£γɹơ
ƷЦˣȴЩ˵ǸЦе㷢ëˣûпƷôЦʱֻʲôıʱ
װôãûˣԻΪĿˣ
Ʒ΢΢һЦֱӾͻΪ˱ģʱЩ׷ĿɿڴĿųƷ
ֱţ־Ȼñ仯仯ģⱾǲܵģһ֣ÿһۣͨı仯޷ǵ۾
˵֮еĳǿô˾Ȼûһ˿֮ôĸҲûһ˿̫ˡ
ǳƷëʨ˲ͽ˳Ʒݡ


1505 ʵ
ëʨ֮龪ɲǵһʱϳ˳Ʒ
߾Եľ壬Ƿ˵˶ڵҲǷǳע
ǰʱ䣬Ʒһ֮ڣǿ֡
ֵķзôܲעء
ǳƷǳ˴κµһ֣ڽߵ˵ҲһҪصעĶ
û뵽ȻܹƷǳƷȻһףн޳
ʱףΪʲô޳Ȼ˵Ѳˣԭʵ֮ǰڵĴκһֳƷ
ʱëʨЩҲһϳ˳Ʒ
ҲԳƷϤĺܣڿ˳Ʒָ˱ò֮󣬸Ǻ޵ġ
޲ýƷʬΣƷôƲǣڳ˵԰Ʋ㣬զģ
ɱëʨ֮˸ź˵ɱ⣬˷·һʱҪ緢Ļɽһ㡣
֮ǰŷɱⲻ֮ͬǰֻΪò³ƷƷˣˣŭȴֻп̹Ǳɱ⡣
ΪƷĴڣ˶һ޴ޱȵв
ɱңƾǼ֮ǰڲҿûжٹ˼ˣͳͳ
ƷЦ˵ȻĽΪҲʮֵľˣʵϽΪֻʵһֶѡ
ֻʩչΪĳƷʵϾǱסֽһ㡣
޷ӳʵ
ͬˣûڳԽ߾ȫˡ
ϣ
ЩǷ׷׻ΪǿЩ۳һţЩɴսһͷһͷСɽһĿֲɵսⱾʮ־˵ġ
ǳƷҲǲʾȫķڶһ˲䣬ͻԳƷΪ֩һϯ籩
һƬ籩ģƷ˾ͺһսһ㡣
ÿһ綼һһ㣬мˮôϸֱӺЩϡ
ֱӽЩУЩ˵µľǴؼ֮
Щܹ֮أЩ˵һ޴ޱȵĿơ
Ȼеز֮ٶеֿ֮ǲɷϵģֿƻǴڵġ
һʱ䣬ɵĴ󶼿ʼҵĶƷһ֮ҡˡ
ʱȫͷųԼʵĳƷǵѹȱ֮ǰҪӿ̫ˡ
𣡡
һͷëʨֱӻһѪڣųƷǵķɱ˹
ǳƷٶȸ죬˵ʱ٣ʱ죬ֻһ˲䣬Ʒֱץס֮ӵһڳ
â˸ľ˹âʮֺˡ
һ˲䣬ƷѾ˴֮У֮ӵֱͽһƬһ޴ޱȵһ㣬˴粽С
ȴѲסƷȫɢſֲ֮һѰѼ⵶ɨܣЩ޷κεв
̤һƬ·𻯳һ㣬һ˲Ѿһǰ
һ𵤾ͼҪ˶ܳƷٶϵϳƷ
ƷֻǼ򵥵һնͬСɽһӴһҽУͱն룬пڹ⻬ȴȫȫսˣǱ֮Ӳնĺ
״̬֮µĳƷΪµģ
Χˣ
ëʨһŭ˼£͵һ̤ʱ˿γһֱѷ죬ųƷķ˿
ЩҲ׷״һȻ󽫳ƷΧסƳƷĿռ䣬Ʒٶʵ̫ˣһһĻǸûа취׷ϳƷٶȡ
Ҳֻܽ߾ȫƷжס
ҵжõôƷֻо죬ս֮ǰΪװɽ޳ʩչ
ƣȪ̤һ̤
Ʒһ
ЩҪɱֺγ뽫ЩͳͳɱԭҲûн˷ϣϾһڶܿסҲǿ󲻵Ķȥŷ֣֮ǰԼ뷨ֻž޴Ĵ
ʵӣȻ֪Ϊʲôԭ֮УֻҪĴڣڴκ඼һ޴в
ȻˣɴᣬһЩˣ֮ʲôҪҪпһٱ


1506 һ浹ɱ
¡
Ʒһż̤ӭǣ֮У˾޴ķ࣬Я޾ĻȪˮݺݵһЩɵĴ֮ϡ
ھҵҡΣЩҲ¶˼𺧵飬Ҫ֪ǾۼǵǿɾͲһһڶôˡ
ڳƷһ֮£ȻҵĲ
ѵʵɣʱԺ֮жð뷨
Ҫ󣬲ܣ
ëʨһͬʱתӳֵԼϣȥ̩ͬɽһ㡣
ȥޱȵĺȻ
ȥ
ƷһȣȪ̤ڶ̤
ٶһż̤ȥֲֿһΣѰܹõĳ̶ȡ
أ
ոշڶĽëʨձһ̤ˣͺһ޴һһ޴ޱȵĺͬһ㣬ݺײ˵ϡ
¡
˶ɵˣżӳ֮ĽëʨȻƷһ̤˵ϣͺڼ̤һֻһ㡣
ʱ򣬳ƷҲûκԥֱٺƣȪ̤̤
һ̤֮ǰ࣬ĻȪˮ֮Ƴϯȥ
أ
һ޴ޱȵĺʮɵĴھҵĲ·ڲһ
ۣ
ۣ
ۣ
ЩǷ׷һѪ˳Ƕ·⵽ػֱӺǵؿһ
Ȼûбֱƿǵ֮ж˸ŵ顣
Ҫ֪󲻽ǿ˵ÿ˶ܷ˴˵ͬʱҲܹ˺еĹƽ֡
ѾƽֵĽһѪػ̤һ˵ϣֻһ˲Խһ˻̤
ȻǶ룬֮ϵĳƷһȪ̤̤
ֲ춯صһ̤֮ǰ̤̤̫Զˣ·֮ǰ̤Ϊ̵̤һ㡣
¡
һ֮ϣ֮ǰǿֵһ˲䳹ױɢ˿ִЩֱӱ˳ȥ׷⵽ش
һʩչ̤ڳƷ˵Ҳһ޴Ŀ飬ڣҲ֮ǰոտ뵤ʱˣ鵤֮󣬳ƷʵһΣ֮еķǻһĵز̶ֳȵģڵķĴ
ȻҲŹôõʱ΢΢һ˸һ䣬ѾһСɽһǰ
Сɽһֻһװ˵ĳƷͬһӤһһĸо
ǾһӤֱȭͷһȭ˳ȥ
أ
СɽһֱӺУ֮ǰѾشˣûа취ӦͱһȭԴ֮Уͷ­Ƭ
޴ͬһ֮
ɱ¾һ̣չ
أ
أ
أ
Ʒֶͬʱŷ˳ǵǽȭֶʩչЩ޷ֵ׷һ
ѾشЩûֵ
Ƕ̶Ƭ֮ѣЩʮͱƷ¾
һԱڵϵķɵˣ֮ǰвģﻹʲôġ
Ѿױɵˣָɱ¾ǶЩ߸ϵĵֶѰ¾
ǴδЩ־ͬײһ׵ոЩźպʵǿĵƷһס
һɱһһ浹ɱֻҲţȻܹز
Ƭ֮䣬ֻʣˣèͻëԳԼëʨбڵϵķĸᵤĸˡ
鵤Ʒһжֵסֱӳ군ˡ
ֳһƬţֻʣ⼸˵ĺ
ǴҲô׼ôëʨ
ƷЦһָŽëʨ˵
µҲΨˣλֵܣԺҵĲҪտһˣסߣ̫ˣǸǶ֣
ëʨ˵ֻĶᵽһ֮ǰѹҲŻһܹǴӣҪ֪ѪǶû¹ҲĿɱһ߽߳
ȴƷһ˴ȫ߱ףҲΨһİ취ˡ


1507 
屾˽Ը񣬸ĮͱŰ
һһᣬѡΪӸղųƷչֳʵǾĺʤ㣬·һˣ
Ϊ֮ᣬŸҪ赲ΪûտĻĲ䲻֮ǰôǿ󣬶ᱻ˸̲
ûе岿֮ʵ̫ˣɱȡ
ˣԼȡǵĹա
ܲͲܹ֪ˣһᡣ
ĻëԳè赲ƷĻֻ赲˶ãʱ򱻳Ʒ׷ϣҲ·һ
뵽޴ϾȻҲ¶˼Գ飬û뵽ԺգݵĽëʨȻҲһ졣
໥һۣɵһ˽ëʨ赲ȻܹΪȡ㹻ʱ䣬ܻ˭Ҳ
ǰĳƷǿĺƹһͲܱ˻ܣֶûʤ㡣
Ϊ֮ƣֻиϽ뿪
ﻹ˼ǵ֮ǰĿܹ꣬Ͳˣʲô˲붼ˡ
뵽æתСɽһһݹ⣬ȥ
ߣߵˣƷֱһɲǼ䣬Ѿ׷ȥ
Ķң
ëʨһ޴˳ƷǰԭӲӵƤëΪƷѾһƬҰףʱ򣬾ȻԵмѪɫ
һֲֿзڣתطԼܻܳƷҲҪܹסƷĽŲΪëԳԼèȡʱ䡣
ҪǣҪʾ֮УǴκ֮оȻĸ֡
һҪ취׵ɱѼӳƷֵΪµһһҲûѶʱ䡣
˳ɳֱպȻ˵ĸ󻼡
ң㵲סôƷһһ͵һӼ̤ȥǻȪ̤
ԭԽëʨ߷ɳȥһţȻһӵֵסˣ˿ĵ˳Ʒǰ
ƷҲ¶˼ص飬漴ЦһԼΪҾӵֶˣҾ㿴ҵʵˣ
ƷȭɲǼ䣬ȫķȭ˿һ˲䣬Ʒؼܵ񣬱һȭʦһʦ֮ڿ֮籩
˲ȭ
Ʒһȭһ̫ˣһ£ƷԸʹá
ǰëʨʵ̫鷳ˣȻȻĶ֣ʱҲǹˡ
Ʒƫƫûôʱӣ
һȭֱڳƷ󻯳˰ӰǷߵİ˲ʱ˲ϳһɿֲ۳һɺֱӳŽëʨϯ˹ȥ
ëʨҲ֪˹ؼʱˣܲʱ䣬Ϳһˡ
ʱһӴ˼֣˷һȭȥ
أ
һȭֱӺ䵽˽ëʨϣëʨ˿ǳƷȭҲȥƲɲǼ䣬ֱӽëʨ˸Դ
ëʨͼֵסƷ̫С˳ƷˣƷʵܹõģʵѾǳֲˣ˵ʩչ˰˲ȭǿȭ
һȭֱýëʨѪ꣬һ˲䣬ײΪģ˷ɢγѪƲ㡣
֪һжôĿ£Ŀռ䶼΢΢һƬ֮ϣǶ
èͻëԳһ˲͸Ӧ˺Ĵսһɿµĳɨǵϡ
æΪΣֱӳ˽磬ԼС
ǵĻͷǲſ˷ʲôǿ˼µģǶǵĽëʨȻƷһȭƬ
ƷһӾ˵ٶ׷Ľÿ̤һƵʱ˾ͷ·˻һ˺һһ㣬Ǳ˹
ֿߣ
˲͸о˺ëĸо漴Ĭĳߡ
ʱܹһһ
ҲֻϣƷ׷ĲԼ
Ʒ˫ֿߣҲֻЦһֱ̤֮˲ʧٶȳֵʱѾ׷èƷһż̤ȥ
أ
èֱӱ˼׵ֱӵ䵽棬һҽУͱƷĻȪ̤̤⡣
漴Ʒֱ׷˻ëԳëԳ˸Ӳ죬Ʒ׷ϣһ


1508 ҩ֣׬
ˣĸ֣Ҳֻʣ˱ڵϣһϢķˡ
ʱҲûжܶˣҲǽᵤֵߵľˡ
ܹڣ
ҲһƷָһնͷ­
ȻƷЩһСɽһֵʬӵĽ緶Χ֮УҲڲϵЩֵľѪ
Щɶǵĸ֣ʬ̶ȿ֪ǽᵤֵʬףǿ˵ǼֵҲΪ
ͬʱƷɽͼ֮еʯҲһɿٶȱĵӣӿ뱦ҩɽ֮С
ҲΪʲôƷᾭоʯõԭ򣬲һնɱЩҲ˲ٵĺôЩǲضĵطԼڵ֮У಻ͬ
ֱӱƷնɱ֮ǰЩҲһΪңֱըԼأЩֱӵ˿ռ֮Уֻһ֣ˣҲʯˣĿǰҪʯĳƷ˵νǽȼü֮
ʯ㹻Ʒһʱ䣬ϱƵûʯõľˡ
Ʒ뿪أͻȻоΧĿռһ˿Ȼֻһ˿ѣܹùƷĸ֪
ƣ
Ʒһֱһֻץͽռ䲨Ŀռ˺˿ʱռǰ
ȴһƬռ֮УȻһƬռ䡣
һƬռ֮УȻѾ͵ҩǵģҩ
һǧĺڣ˲Ʒǰһ
ԭҩ֮Уɲֻһ˲꼫Ʒҩ
ʱϲ⣬Ҫ֪ѰҩĻңҩһĵرҪһ㣬һһܹ̺ʵȥһҩ
Ҫѵʵ;ʵ̫ˣ
ƷǵαװҩܵľʩչҪߡ
Щҩǲľ֮ͻ֮
һ˺ҵҩΪ㿴Ҳץסһ˲ʧӰˡ
ҲֻеʦЭмֲֶνǸס
˵ʦЭⷽм֣ô̳˵ʼĳƷֱǴʦ
Ʒ͵һ̤ʱĵͬ֩һɢ͵һɢ˳ȥ
ҩոʩչ£ֱһӾͱǵֱʧȥá
ΪƷ֮뵽ÿһأҪиͲܣᱻֱӵ
ۣ
ҩûа취ߣﻹͣ׷׷ϸ߿ߡ
ֿ뷨ûУղǶڿռ֮ۿ˳Ʒν˵¾һա
ȻףǰӵĿ£
ߣˣ
Ʒһֱһֻץ˳ȥ
Ǹ˲һӾͱץˣȻ͵һӵϣ͵һӶһַ֣ӡסȫķֱӵ䵽˵ϣڵصҳһӡ
ţʣµǧĺڣһ˲ҲͬѲˡ
ˣôƷҪץסǾͺˣǷеٶȱݵٶȾͲԶˡ
ڳƷǰ͸ˣ
ƷЦһǲУ
ҩļֵȻ˵ǵʦЭỹȻΪһҩ֣һ
־͵õҩȻǴջ
ƷҩֱĨˣȻֽ˱ҩɽ֮ϡ
ҩռһռ䣬ʼڱҩɽ£׳ɳ
Ʒĵ˵ͷҩҩЧͬ죬һǧĺڣ²ҩҲл׹ǵЧֻҪһ𣬶ܹȵĻ
˲͸ˣѰֻҪһҩͿ԰ٲȫ㲻ƳΪҩֻȥҲܹ๦
˲ڳƷ˵ô̫ˣŵʵļ䴫Уڵʵļ֮пźֵܹܶ˲ҩЧӵ
ǶڳƷ˵ľսزԵȣͻƣҲͬҪʮ
ʱ˲ܹϴó
ܰƷͻһ󾳽磬ЩɶǻǮġ
뵽Ʒʱʮ⣬νջС
漴ֱʦЭץס˲֮ʣµľԼˡ
Ǹǽ̽Ҳʱһ˾ˣ
뵽Ʒ̤һݹ⣬ʧԭأ


1509 
ǳۣƷ֮ͨзٵĴٶȼ죬ͬһһ㡣
֮УкܶҪ
֮⣬ĵ˻кܶ࣬ǽ̽Ͳ˵ˣǽʺͻȪڣҲоԹˣҲҪһġ
Ʒ˲֮ĵطʲôҩûˣɹõҩĶΪЩĸˣ෴ģǺܾǰĴˡ
ƷҲˣ׽ڳδ֪ĵطʧ֮ûжþ˥ܴפضˡ
ǼʷúܶʱݣҲܲһҹ֮ͱ˲ƽˣȻҪһʱˡ
ʱˣЩҩҩĵȻܻŲã϶һԵľˡ
Ҳԭҩ԰֮пܻûг죬òϵЩҩĲ
ӵصıȫͬģЩҩף֮ģҲûˣֻһռϲ˺Ļҳ׽ڵıս֮оͱȡˡ
һ·ϣƷҲ˲ٻЩ۵֮ͨвϵĴˡ
ǵٶ̫ϳƷٶȣֻһݹѾʧˡ
Ʒȴ֣Щ˶һжȥʱ˼ȥķ˶ݹӶȥ
Ƭ̼Ĺһ޴ޱȵɽ֮УڳƷϵɽȵʱ򣬲ŷ֣ɽ֮ѾΪ
ˣ뾹Ȼ
ңЩ˴ŶǷֳˣһˣԽʺнʺڵһȪΪףĸ֡
֮ԵģĸǸŴĸ֣࣬ʵʺȪڵ˵ҪһЩ
γ໥ŵĳ档
һ˶࣬ǴǸĸָ֣ԴǳӣֻȪںͽʺסˡ
ƷϸһȴһɽȵһƬĳ֮ϣƲͬҪһ㡣
зӿ
ùԹ뿪Ļͱֱˣأ˵
뿪ôǾͺųȥɣȪҲǺ˵
ͷķʺͻȪڵĸҲһµϢͼһ㡣
ȻǶˣôӦǼзݲŶԣǽʺͻȪδҲ̫ܵ˵㣬ĪΪǲ֪һöô˵
ȻˣǾͼˣ
ҪԿԵıˣǽʺƾʲôˣ
Ҳǳصģ
ʱЩҲ׷׳˵
ΣʱҲԸӷƽʱӲȻǸܵģǽ˶࣬Ҳηˡ
ʲôңû˵Ц˵ǲҪˣ϶߻ģ
ֱΪ϶
ɫ͵һ漴˵ǲ˵Ѵ򣬴ʱ䣬ǽô
ֱ˵˶˵ͷȻҲᱻƭǼٵģôΪʲôǸסء
νң׽õһнĹʵ֮󣬾ܹıɾʣ׷ٶһǧɿţڹȥ׽ÿһ˶Ҫһöҵ֮󣬲ܹ׽ϵĽںܾǰһѾʧֻһöҽĻ浽ڣ
˵
ʱȫ˵ĺ֮ǰǲ֪Ҿʲô֪ˡ
׽ǿ֮ϵȻ׽ڵµһ֣ÿһ׽ڵҪȻʵĶȻǲö˵
׷֮ͨУҲǶĴڡ
֮ͨУǰУǰͨ
ȴÿ˶ܹ׷ģеʺѧϰ׷һѧϰΪһǧ
ҾȻӵĹЧβЩ˺ļ١
ǵõˣֻ³Խڵľ磬ʶµһҲˡ
ͻȪʱҲû뵽ȻôݣϢ˳ȥЩ˵ӣȻưոˡ


1510 ս𣬻ˮ
뵽˫໥һۣʱ˱˴֮˼
סǣ
䣬ֱӾͳɽ޾Ӷȥ

һֱӽ¼һݹ˽ȥ
ȥ
һʺһ׵սվ˳ȻҲһĸ֣˲ǰ
ң࣬ƾ㣡
һȣֱһצץ˳ȥһצȻȻһӾͽսؿͱ˸Դץ
˿һĻɵõһΪǶµһ¼Ļܶǵ۾
˭ҲûʵȻôǿһ鵤ڵĸֱһצץ֪ǿ
Ϊٳ֣󲿷ʲôѧ֪ͨһ֣˶ʱҲ֪ˣҲǱģ׷صѧͨ
ҲˣΪʲôºȻҲҪһöˡ
׷Ϊ˵һöҸıʣʺ׷Ļ֪׷ϵУ»Ͼһͻͽͻƣﵽᵤڣǽᵤ۷Ҳûпܡ
׼ȷ˵ǰ׽ǵ⼸ǱȻһ̣
ǸʱʶµһҲпܣѹֲϧʺͻȪˡ
ѧͨ˵ֻѵһǶ׷˵ɡ
ԶƷһĻҲɵǰһ
Ȼ֪ģʵļʶ̫㲩ˣ¼ʲôҲȫ֪ġ
ҼڳŴ֮ҲǷǳ׷ʥƷĵرԵ֮Ķ
ϧ˵һʧˣȻǲǼֵǣһܹᲢ۵ġ
ֵҲͱҪһ㣬֮˵Ҫһ㣬ҵЧҪҶ׷ĸ˵ЧҪǶѧͨĸ˵ЧͲˡ
Ƕеʿãֵֻͷ˺üˡ
ˣֻһöңǼֵҲʮ־˵ģҲֵóƷˡ
ҪһöңǳƷҪҪҸʣ嶼Ѿ˻ʼս֮УѾǵһȰԵʣҪǻǲģȴΪ
Ѱû취˵ȴǴ󲹵ϼ֮
ҼòҲԲûȪʺõҲУЩ˶г
ڳƷԥһѾ÷ǳˣĸֱӺͻȪԼʺĸײһ
ĸҪһʺȪڵĸҪסһʱ䣬ޱȵĻңս
Щ֮УӰ˽ʺȪĸֵ赲Ѷ
һݵӣϳһϢΪŹֳ֣һֱֻӺֱײȪڸֵİֱ֮׷ȥ
һֳһͷȵ׷ԲԣƣȻʵȴͷȱóıĸоһֱҷһʺս˲佫ս
ʺͻȪڵĸȻõˣҲֻܷŹˣ˾ûôˣս˲䱬
ǵķ¹ʱȴƷ֪ʲôʱѾһ⣬ʧԽ˹ȥ
ʲôˣ
һʺĸִһֻоһߴ˹ȥһ˲䣬Դ֪ôģͱ˳ȥ
ٶ̫ˣ쵽˸ûб˲Ѿˡ
ղǸ޼᲻ݵĻôһΨ첻һѧߵ
ǻûпʲôѾˣܹסƷĽŲ
ʲôˣ˾֮ǰƷ֮УǸûһ˿һһֱƷͻȻǲŷӦ˹
ƷֱԽ˷֮󣬾ͳ׷ȥû׷ĺܽΪ֪ûʱ
Ȼʵ޾壬ǰˣɶʡ͵ĵȣûһ򵥣֣Ҳͷۡ


1511 
ԳƷʵҲѿǻȪ˵ǵĸ֣ѾǽᵤڵΪǸӺʵԲһҲ֮ǰҪǿ̫ˣҲнᵤڵΪ
ֻҪǿ˽ᵤǶĸ֣һƷ޾壬ֶ˵Ҳһ鷳飡
벶ȸںϢ˸ͷֲ׵׷ɵĻ֮УֱרΪ׼Ļˮ
ΪʣЩ׵֮±ˡ
˾ûгƷôˮˣ˵Щ֮ǷǳΣյġ
һ֮˵ûʲô̫Σգǳǧ㹻ǹвˡ
ΪˣǶ׷׼˻ԼУˣҪСһСģͿܱƷǿľˡ
ԽǿɽЩ֮ҲԽܼҲԽΣգҲҲС
ƷǼҡڵĸ˼۲ɽȣ֮䣬һر֣׻֮أû֪ôγɵģ֮Щرĵطۼγ֮ݺĳ档
ƷĿǰ޷ӴõֲΣǴӵʵļ֪֮ΪĳЩط׵編̫ŨγɵģƵĻл棬籩ȵȡ
ЩƷҲֻʹ棬ϾûдﵽܹЩĵز
һ׻֮Уע⵽ɽһ̳̳ϷһöԼĪȭͷСӣֻǺѰӱӾȻͨɫģӣƷһ
ȻңƷ棬Ҳֻֻ֮УҿԲؼܹ浽ڡ
Ҳ֪֮ǰӦþΪһĻ֮Уûа취棬ֻ׻֮档
һȻҲˣʱȪɨһ󣬾ޱȵļ֡
ֻһѾܼˣ˵ˣҲµĶ֡
ҲЩ겻ôɽ֪˲ֻ࣬Ҫ΢һˣͼûв֪Ĵڵġ
Ȼʵǲһ㣬ƽʱҲνʱǺֵĻܶԼɾ޴в
ļһȪƵ˵Щģͣе鶼˵ȥô˴ӸظҲͲôˡ
ǲȻȽϼһɣֱͣ˵ȻĻȵʱ鷳أ
Ȫ˵ͷҲͬȴһʤϾʸҲˣȻˣҲֻȷֳʤˡ
˲ҲͿǵĴ㣬ʱţǵˣֻҪǸѽ
ŸֱվңȻҲǴˣûֻ¸ǰ˵Ķ֡
ȻˣʲôҲ˵ˣϼ°ɣЦһ˵
ʱս˲䱬ˣᵤĸּ屬ʲôĸܹɽȺƬĿֲҲﾭ˳ڵļӹ̣ܹܵסĹ
Ȫ֣Ȼ٣ʵǿһʱ䣬ȻͬսһȻסˡ
ǲ֪ǣһʱһԵĳƷɴֱӽɽͼռ֮УһŹӣһ߿һ׵ĴϷ
֪Ļֻ˶ҪˣҪ֮ˡ
ս˰ȻĽ׶ˣ˶ˣֶǰڳױ˳ˡ
˫ҪһʱһŭһɫӰӶСɽһ˾޴ѹ
˷׷ͣսתͷһ׻һͷ޴ޱȵĿЩˡ
˻ԪػɵޣȻֺܹöƷ˼˵
Ҫ֪Ԫܹ飬Ѷȱҩֲľ黯Ҫһٱ
ĻǸĶģֻм˵Ļ֮£пܡ
Ʒϸһһͷͨ嶼֮ɣޱȣ峺ɫϻƬ˸ŵƬ֮˸׹⡣
ǿ˶࣬ϢֲָһͲǣֻµҪɱˡ


1512 ҵ
һͷ޵ʵֻ»֮ϣڵĽʺ֮£ֻӵнᵤڵʵ
Ԫʵ廯ɵȻֶԵһǷΣա
ΪǵͨѲ
һͷɢżΪµϢһ˫ͬ޴ĵһ˫Ķˡ
Ҳö룬˲ѾЭ飬ҪԸһͷޡ
ĻҪ˱ˣ
ּ¾ͣˣûеȴֱɱһͷޡ
ȻЩ˵ʵ޶Ҫϲ٣ǱϾռƣ˵һˡ
ѧͨģһͷȻǿ󣬵ǺʣһʱҲĽڽڰˣȻûа취ȡϷ硣
ֵʵʮ־˵ģؼʱ˶빦һжó˿ҵı죬һʱ䣬׻һƬѡ
Щᵤĸȫ֣ʵ֮ǿѰܹĵġ
ƷҲսϵ׻ȥֽ棬ûע⵽ֶһˣƷϢַ̫ǿˣټ׵֮ҲϢڸˡ
ԽԽܿ죬Ʒͽӽ֮УأһͷĽڽڰ˵޺һע⵽ʲôֱһ˫Ŀ˳Ʒķ򣬾Ȼؼʱ򣬲˳ƷĴڡ
𣡡
һ˲䣬Ѿ׿ǼˣųƷķ
ʱҲӦ˹Ǳˣ
ʱ׷״ŭȻ˸ҳǴսʱժӣֱܴ衣
ʱ⼸˺һͷֱӷ׷׳ųƷķ˶
Ʒע⵽Щ˹ĸֻЦһȻע⵽ˣˣ
ƷҲأֱһֻץ˳ȥץ֮ϡ
أ
ϸֳһɫĽ磬ƷһѾ͸ĳ˷飬ֻֽΪ˱֤ҲΪʱƶľʧʱĹܣڷϲǺ
ϾҲ׽ڵıеܹߵ
Ʒһץסңһͷ޾ȻһӾѾɱ˳ƷǰһųƷץ˹
һͷʵ̫ˣٶȼֱ쵽˼£֮ɵޣٶϸǾס
ϾҪӴƷʱȴƷĿռھҵĶȻһ˲ѾʧӰˡ
䣡
ƷղվλþȻһֻ޴ޱȵצӸץƬȴûץˡ
𣡡
һͷ޷ŭţ·Ǳ͵ҪĶŭɶ
ʲôˣһŭˣŭɶ
ǽ޳
һӾϳ˵ݣȴ֮ǰֵķзòͷĽ޳˭ء
Ȼֻһ˲ѣȷţԼǾԲῴ˵ġ
Ȼժǵӣ
Ȫŭա
һҪҲʧˣһ
ˣţҲͬŭɶ֣ҵëûȻ˼˱ˡ
ʱʶɢ˿ͼƷҵֻϧ̫֮Ũˣܹ˵ǵʶǵʶĸ֪Ѿ˺üΡ
ǲ֪ǵĸ֪Ǵһ۷״̬ҲӦѾɽͼ֮еĳƷ
Ҳҵŭɶ˿ƷǼ˱ˣǶһͷ˵Щ඼һġ
ֱӽǿһģμһ˸ֱӳ嵽˽ǰһ
ʵ֮ڵ׵ģڸղŵĽֻǣһͷޣֱܹһͷޡ
һУֱķ˳ȥ
أ
˳ȥһѪ˳ֻоԼ嶼ҪһצӸˣҪ֪ǽᵤʵ֮ǿӹɡ
ʵΪһͷ̫ˣ
Ҫף
ʱ򣬻Ȫһһڱֱϯһ˵Ľâ
ʵڲԸ⽣Ϊһͷ̫ˣʵԶ֮ϣϻԪػ壬ǳҲ˵һͷޣ˵ˣȴҲΪԪأϾָܹϾѪ֮ȫͬĸġ
ҲǷ׷׻Ȼǽ޳Σһͷ϶Ҫʰˣһ
뵽Ƿ׷ɱȥ


1513 鵤ڣ
ͷһ֦Ʒֱӽץ֮ͶɽͼĿռ֮УЩ˾ֱʧȥ˶ԳƷĸӦ

ƷɵùЦЩ˴˹ӣȴժӣֱٺҲûˡ
Щ˺Ըÿһƣȴõҡ
ûɽͼĿռĻôʱڳƷ˵ͷǳΣˣᵤĸ֮УֻнǽᵤڵΪͻȪ˶ǽᵤڵΪʵ㣬Ҳ˶ˡ
˵һͷޣǽᵤڵΪʵҪǿֵΧˣĽϡ
Ҳܳȥҿ϶ֿ϶ܻ䡣
ٺ٣ңǾҰɣ
ƷЦץһöңĽᾧһ㣬ͨ͸ǳƷܹӦ̺żΪ˵
һ˼õֻҲû취Ƕ˵ϵĲƷˣұ壬ټϻȫԽҸͼˣʱҲõǿҶ׷ҲԸһ
ƷƾɹӣȫɽͼĻȥʱ򣬾ͿԸһľϲˡ
õʱ򣡡
Ʒʹ죬ȻֱƯ˰֮Уֱӽһöȥ
һöڼֱӻһɿֲ׵ֱӳ˳Ʒÿһϸ֮С
ҲǳƷһ˵ʣϸͻᱻҲᱻŪ
ǳƷȴܹЩʱ˼ã֮˵Ҳж£ܹΪԼܹõ
ʱ򣬳ƷתĿھ˺ƻһͷһ֮еӴ֮
Щ֮еһһıƷˡ
ƷѾ鵤ڵΪڸǿʼֱͻƣ鵤ڵΪ
ȻʱƷΪͻƣĸȴޱι̣ʱ򣬺ôҲȫ˳ˡ
Ըȥô࣬ȫֱһɴ
һȦһȦƷڲϵĳ鵤ڵΪ֮кһƬĻɽһ֮ÿһë֮б˳Χγǿ籩
һʱʱ䣬ƷѾȫΧԽԽӴ籩֮С
ƷӰһֱĳһ̣һԽԽӴ籩Ȼʼͷһˣ̮һСƬ֮䣬ѾʧӰˡ
УҲ¶˳ƷӰʱĳƷҲûһ˿һĵ绨ȫȫһƽ˾ģ
ӵԭ򣬺ʣΪƷͻˣͻƵĹ֮УΪڵķѾﵽ۷޷һ
ͻ֮һЩ֮գֱӻΪԼķ
Եǿ֮ɴ˿ɼһߣʲôܹȫգΪá
Ʒ۾֮ȵӴȻոͻƣܹоȫǿķûһ˸ոͻʱĲȶ
ĸ̫ȹˣ֮ǰȴ򣬲ǿΪʱյ˻ر
ոͻˣѾȹ˾磡
ȻֻһͻƶѣƷܹоԼûͻƵʱǿ˺ü
ﵽһ־׵ĵزǽʺٶȳǰĻҲýʺһΣ˭Ҫˡ
սֱӳ˽ᵤ֮У
һöȷʵǿ󣡡Ʒ˵һöĵطӦþܹı˵ˣӦʲôĹϲܹγɵģûеģ
ƷҲÿϧȻ̷ûиıԼ壬屾ͺǿˣҲǿѡ
Ʒڰֱ֮ʱȥˣýһ־ˣ
Ʒ˵ţֱӻһ⣬ʧԭء
һ˲䣬Ѿ׻֮У֮ͬʱԱߣʱʧɫ֮ͻȻһˣǱܵĳӰһɨ˹ȥ
ȻһӰȴһ˵Ʊ˿һ˵ĽâԱٶֱն
ͣ
һƺߣձն룬˲


1514 һȫ
˲ıʣһӾ;ȫ
ǵĿɨ˹ʱĿѣΪȴǱˣǳƷ
ǿƷ޲ýʬΡ
ȻȻֳˣ
ɱȡң
ɱ
ʱһɱƷۿһȫֻʱȫЩ֣ȫӵһΧһͷޡ
֮ǰһͷ޻ʮֵ׺ʱѾ˼ƣ̬ϻһ˿ڡ
ȻûܹһʱָѾ㹻ˣҪ֪ԪĻָѪ已̥ܱȵġ
ǱΧڣϵ׵âࡣ
Ȼһͷ޷ǳǿǱʱҲǱش
ǵģΪ˶ԸһͷѾ׷ޣʱǰӣֱӿʼҪһͷ޸ˡ
ϾҲˣһͷ޿һͷԪÿһͷԪ֮Уһ߶ŨľˣҲͬǼֵǡ
ȻȻܹӿֶˡ
һͷ޵ҲѾǿ˽ᵤڣȻĸдͬģĸҲ
Щֲʬ˵ϣƷոճҪĽ
һӦǳųƷֻϧ˸ոչĳƷֱӽһնɱ
һʱ䣬ȫȫһļžֻ׻Ϸ֮һ
Ʒֵ̫ˣҪ֪ڳ֮һ׾ٵ˳Ʒϡ
֣ûκηҲò˵Ʒһֱ֣ӽ˶סˡ
һƿڴ
ǲ֪ΪʲôųƷĿɨ˹ĿͬƬһǵϣ˲øղŻƿڴһӾͱˡ
ֱͺǱһ޸һһͷ޸ӿ̫ˡ
˵ǸղųƷĿֲһסǣ
ǿǽᵤĸְ£Ƕĸ֣Ըκһңܵ߹ĶԴ
Ҫ齨ԼţҲҪ˸ˣҪǮǮȫ֧֡
ȻӵĴڣȻһӱƷնˣ
һڷսĸ˶һɵˣţлȪĸˣɫޱȵѿĶס˳Ʒ
Ȼҳ֣
ĿųƷ֮Ŀͬһ
𣡡
һӦģȻһͷޣ˳Ʒ˵ǳ˼ۺ졣
Ǿ޴ͬһСɽһ͵һųƷ˹Сɽһ޾֮ͬһ㳯ųƷ¡
ƷҲû֮佦һʱ򣬳Ʒһɨ
أ
Ʒһֱһͷ޵ϣǡôһ㶼һӾͽһͷش޸˳ȥ
Ұ㣬ڻֲ㣡
ٶȱƷ壬Щ˽Χ˲ص£ҲҲһͷޣȻһͷԳƷʱ򣬾Ȼ˲һƷֱһ˳ȥ
йȻޱΧʱشʵĹϵǸĻǳƷʵǿ
⡭⽣޳Ȼǿزô
˶׷׵һǵһʶˣǰһµ굽жôĿ£֮ǰΪǰ㡣
ϣһ˶ѣɱ˽ôͱشʵһ⧲֮±ɱҲûʲô˲ģ
ʱ˵
һĻʱҲ侲ȻƷǾףԵĶ֣۷壬شֻǼһ˰ˡ
ҾǿһͷޣҲǵΧ֮ҡҡ׹ʱܱǸɱô
ּĸҲסǺηĳŶԣ
ʱ򣬽ʺĸѾ׷ųųƷ˹ǶǾˣķӳ̶ȣܱȵġ
˿˽ʺĸֳڵһߣʱҲ׷״һȥ
һʱ䣬ͷ·ֻ֮ǰΧһͷ޵ĳ֡
ȻһĻ˵Ԥ֮УЩ˵ĽƷֻһĨмЦݡ
ͣ
ǰһ˹ĽʺĵƷһ˺
һѪ˳


1515 ɱᵤɱ
һѪųǸסԼĺĿɿڴĶųƷƺҲû뵽ԼڳƷǰȻ˲һɡ
Ȼɱ¾ŲֻǸոտʼʱ򣬳Ʒչֳһɱ¾Ŀ³档
ͣ
ͣ
ͣ
һֲĽâɨȴκζĽɢֻһĽâʵ˼ޡ
һɨЩַ׷䣬ûһõڶʲôķƷһϴҲֱһ飬Ȼ˲䶴˺
ûһ⣡
Ʒٶʵ죬Ƭ֮䣬Ѿȫ
һ˲䣬ЩղŻŰ裬ҪնɱƷЩһȫź׵ȥ
ͨǵûκβ
ʱܹվסģҲֻţȪĴˡ
Щ˻϶ǵ£Ҳû뵽ô򵥾ͱƷ¾
ֳʵ̫ˣ
˶ɫһƬ࣬ǳģּ˵ķŭ֮£ƫƫû˵κεĻ
ΪѾŭ˼£ͬʱҲǶڳƷļɵ˼¡
Ƕǽᵤĸ֣Ը׳ƷһжôľˣǣҲܹɱˣȴԲǳƷ赭дľ͸ɱ⡣
˵˳ƷʵЩ˵Ѿߵһ̶ȣʱƷ˵Žûнֳֻһ֦Ҳܹղŵ鸴һΣЩɱ⡣
˶ܹоƷղűֳϢ˵ӿˣҸӿ˺ü
ԭҲѲ²⣬ʣң
뵽еŭڵһӾˣǰһͷޣƷ˵ȻͽӸժˡ
ڻҽʵز뵽ǿ벻̣
һϣ
һȣһȣҲ˲ԴĸųƷȥ
Ҫ˵ʲôڸղΧ޵ʱѾ㹻Ĭ
¡
һʱ䣬ƷڵλþѾֹˣֵͨѧȫӵ˳Ʒͷϣ֪ڳƷжôʹޡ
֮ǰǰ㣬֣ԳƷʱû˿ֱ֣ȫΪҪƷɱ
˰ɣأ˵
ҲǸղһĹûκ֣ǽᵤڵĸ֣ҲܾôֵӲ˲Ŷԡ
ڳƷľ˱֣Ƕҷɣ
ǻ̫С˳Ʒˣȴ̳ɢȥƷȻֱӳǵǰ
Ҳûͬǰ㣬شô
෴ģǺ
ôܣ
̲ס˵
ҿôܣ
Ȫֱӱ˴ֿڣȫһƷŵӡ
Ʒı̫ˣǳƷȻûô׼ӣһΣͬһһֱӳŵǰ
ֱӵͷһն
ΪʲôһѡңΪô̫Ŵһɢż˿µϢŭ˼£ĸˣǳƷһѡǲ۸ʵʲô
أ
ƷһֱնһͷȾȻƷ֮۶Ľâն룬е֮ǰĽһͼֵֵܹˡ
ͱһնҲն˿
ŵ˺ѳ뵹ȥ֮л˸Ų˼飬ԼˣƷһֵס
ô׾ٵ˳Ʒϡ
˼۸ʵֻѣ
Ʒ˵Դ̷֮һﵽһΡ
ȻƷ۳ɽܹ֮Ʒն֮󣬳
˸ëȻýʲôɣ
һߣҲûκֿͣµĹųƷ
ǳƷû˿ˣǿȺ֮ǰǿ̫ˣ̷֮ǿһΡ
ͣ
ȪźĺҲһȴ۾أǲ˼飬ƷĽ̫ˡ
쵽Ӧ
ڶˣ
Ʒ˵˵ţһΣѾǰ
Ҹƴˣ
һȣѪɫìֱѸײڶ֮ƳųƷ˹
ȫ̳Ϊһâٶȸ죬˲佫ͷ­ն˳ȥ
һ


1516 ն
ƷһնɱҲЩп򲻹òδȫ͹ʱֱӽˡ
ȻڣνʱǨڱ˵ʵǿöҲסƷ
Ƕ̶̼жѣնɱ
Ĺֻ»ҪںųµһĽʺ֮ϣԼµһˡ
Ȼ֪¼᲻ʲôϹء
ϵ飬治ʹ˾һģó¼ഫжвȱģǵǰ·Ҳˡ
ֻ࣬˵֮иģʽעˣǵǰ·ˣҪָǰ·ͺˡ
һӵʮӣѾܲˣָԷҲûܹȫû취ǰ·
֮еţǰ֮󣬲𲻴󣬾˵ʵﵽһȫµĲΣҲֻһˡ
ͬһͻ֮󣬾ͻͬһִĸ֡
ʱ䣬չ˵˵Ƿ츲صı仯
治ٲʲôϹ֮еƱˡ
Ķס˳Ʒֻо׹ߣƱһͷ޸һ
޳㲻ɱңæ˵Ҳûʲôޣ
ʱﻹ֮ǰ緢֮ǰν緢ŶȡңΪһܹʶµһ֣ͽʺҲܹ档
˭֪ôһ
ǳԤ֮⣬ûгԹôĿһֱԼ㣬ٻԿһ֮ǰֻҪһԣž֪ɰˡ
˭֪һڳƷʧˡ
ԭʾ൱ļʵóԸ
Ͽûʾɱ֮
ֻһֿܣǳƷŴ֮ˣڤڤ֮صıӡ
ܹƣ
ԣ֮ǰȷʵ㲻ޣƷ˵˵֮ǰĻȻìܣҲǱƵֲͷѣִ˵ìʲô
ֻ˵ֲĸ˲۾ǵּĸ֡
ֻҪ˹Ͳҧסţ
Ҳ֮ǰˣ
֮ǰһΧɱңɾͲһˣƷЦ˵
޳㲻Ҫ̫
ҧгݵ˵
̫ҵʵǼŹôƷ˵˵֮ǰ˫л͵صĻôڣǳû˻ˡ
յȷʵܾˣƷȻ£Ҫҵĵ黹ǿԵġ
ȻˣƷȻ˿֡
ȻˣҾҲùģҲҪһѾˣֻ³ƷŹ
ͬλϣֻҲưոݣնݳǺ顣
䣡һӱ˿ֲϢ֮ǰҪһΡ
ֱ֮ӷӿҲ׷һƬ׻֮Ҳ
ױצ
һȣһֻץ˳ȥضžҵĶһֱֻ֮ץ˳ֱųƷץ˹ȥ
С
Ʒ֮۶𣬻һâֱɨ˳ȥ
ͣ
ױצվͱƷһնˡ
һ˲䣬Ʒ˹һ˸Ѿǰ
ǿһ˲ͱ˺˿޷赲ƷǰĽŲ
Ʒ˵һ裬˲仯һ˵ĽâֱӶĺ
һ˲䣬ĻըˣϵķҲըˡ
еķڳƷǰ·ֽһ
ɴ۾أǲŵ飬Ʒһ̫ˣ쵽û취Ӧ
ͬʱһ̫ˣһĺ
ʵ޷ƽƽһΪʲôֲ
һ˵ʵ򲻹ֻƬ֮ѣڳƷһնʱһСɽһֱӷһ޴ŭһµ֮
䣡
һֱ֮䵽˳ƷϣǳƷܣ෴ģƷγһУһյԼ֮Уġ
û㣬͸ˣȻҵ鷳ƷЦһվ


1517 սǣ鵤۷
ֶΣܶԳƷһв֮˵ǵ˲ᱻˡ
۶Ԫص׺Ʒһͷ֮ɵ޻Ҫǿϼ֡
𣡡
һͷ޵ĹƬ֮䣬һ֮֮˳һųƷϯ
һͷ޾վ˳֮ϣ
Ȼ֮ǰΧ챻˾·ǱϾǽᵤڼޣһʩչͨʮ־˵ġ
ƷʱҲûʲôñģΪڳҲûˣֱһȡ
˲ȭ
ƷָȭȭȻ͵һȭɲǼ䣬ѣ˵޴ޱȵӰջһɿֲĺ˺ѿһУ֮ľһӾͱ˸飬ȻֱȥƲ䵽޵ϡ
أ
һҽУСɽһ˳ȥ
ͬǽᵤڵսȻ޺ͳƷǲԶˡ
ֱӱһȭ˳ȥ
ʱûˣƷȻҲͲˣΪҲûбҪˣ
𣡡
һͷһ޴Ҫٶɱ
Ȫ̤һ̤
Ʒһȣһż̤ȥ͵һӣһֱӽһͷ޸ȷڵء
أ
һͷ޵ֱӶһ޴ĽӡЩ̤һԴ
ѰˣֻһžѾشˣϾѪ֮ôֱӼ̤νǵش
ޱϾԪǳǿֱͼ
ôܣ
Ʒٶʩչ˳
Ȫ̤ڶ̤
Ʒٶһż̤ͽһͷͼٶһ̤ڵء
أ
涼ҿһ޴ȱڡ
һͷÿһͼᱻƷһż̤ȥ
״̬֮µĳƷµġ
ͷųеֶΣҲûκԥ
أ
أ
أ
һ޴ĺ޷ŭϵĴ
һͷ޻ҪףģϵԪҲԽԽ
ڣһͷٶȱƷһ̤ڵأһΣˣ֮УһöΪľˡ
Ȼ˳Ʒһıᣬ˼ǻΪġ
һͷ޵ĺڣֻںرĻ֮£пγԪеĸ
ƷһѽеľץУһͷղŻ޾Ȼֱӻĵʧԭء
ֱӱƷһ̤֮Ҳû˿˿ֻ̾ҪȻ󲨡
Ʒʵ̫ˣ̤һᵤڵԪǺεȺ˵飬ȻƷȴˡ
Ʒֻǿһ۾ˣȻ˼⾧֮еǼΪŨ
Ʒתһö˸ˡ
䣡
ɲǼ䣬һö֮У޾֮˿µʼڳƷ֮Ĵɨͼ˺ѿƷ塣
֮ǰĻܱһɹڳƷ֮ǰѾ˷츲صı仯ڵľ͵Ҳһ㡣
һȻӴȻҲѲסƷ
෴ģΪһɾ֮ƷķҲڲǡ
ԳƷʵ˵Ѱ֮սȥʵϾͬһûʲôô
ΪѾͬˣ
Ƭ֮䣬Ʒͽһö˸ɸɾ
¡
Ʒ֮Уķ˿һöˣƷʵһӾʹӸոͻƵ鵤ڣֱӴﵽ鵤۷塣
ֻһֱ߱ͻƵ鵤۷壬Ǹʱľ;ᵤֲԶˡ
Ѱ˵ǿܸôգҪ׼ȫֶΣڳƷ˵ȴֻǵУ
Ʒ΢һȫ¶ʱʹһž
ȵ˼ˣʱ׼Ҹطúñչһ˵ȵͻƵ˽ᵤսӦҲܸһ𵤾ʱٴ˷ӦҲõһˣƷ
Ǹʱ¼仹ܹסӦûˣֻڻĲ˼ϢпѾڴ˷أôƷҲֻ뿪׷Ѱ˼ĽŲ
ţƷĽŲûͣӰεض̤һݹ⣬Ѿ뿪һƬ׻֮Уֻǽ塣
Ʒһ·ڸִ۸ӵ֮ͨзӣһֱѰҾǽ̽䡣
أԶһҴս


1518 һһ
ƷһۿȥȴԶһҵսһӾ˵ٶȳ߶
սƶģһ׷ɱһˡ
б׷ɱһȺˣƷһϳˣȴǴκһ˭أΪ׵ˣϯʹκǸصĹϡ
׷ɱǵһˣȴǱˣȻǾǽһˡ
ƷЩ֣죬ǴκǸعǸϣĸǽᵤΪڵ˵Ϻŵǿˡ
ôᱻôǱ׷ɱ˵Щǽ̵ĸǿҲֻһ鵤۷Ĵڶѡ
鵤׷ɱᵤô
Ʒٴһŷ֣죬ǴκĹ϶ޱȵǱڣȻǸոմսһǵ϶ơ
һ޴˺ۣҪ˺ѳ룬κĹϵؿһ޴ޱȵӡͽؿڸˡ
ڵ״̬ʮһˣҲܱ鵤߸׷ɱز
Ϊڻ˳ˣǻòʱʱͣ赲ǽ̸׷ĽŲ
ֻӣÿÿ³һѪټϼ֡
ãˣ
ڷӴܵʱͻȻ̤Ŷݹʱһ
ǻǾͻȻǰ˾ȻǳƷ
Ʒ
ʱҲ˲ôˣæ
Ȼ֮ǰƷ׾ٵĻܣڶڻǶڳƷҲе㹢ڻѣû̫ࡣ
ΪƷǿʦ𶼲Ƕֵ
˵ʱƷνǾú¶ˣ
κĸǿ˳ƷʱҲϲ⣬Ҳÿһ϶ˣһƲǳȫܾѾʮˡ
Ʒֱ̤ŶݹͳȥһΣûαװɽ޳ģΪûбҪˡ
Ƭ֮䣬ƷѾڷӴܵĴκŵǰ
κҲʱֹͣ˽Ų˳Ʒߣ֮ǰƷ׽Ʒʱһϲģ
ϾǳƷµһ֣
ʱ򣬾ǽ̵ĴҲѾ׷׸˹Ȼ࣬ǷκĸŸΧס
죬κɽôǸΪ׵ľǽ̸˵һ۳Ʒֻһ鵤ڵ߶ѡ
ӳƷɢĲͲжϳƷľ磬ҲûнƷϡ
һ鵤ڵߣȻڸضһ־֮ҲԷ졣
Ǿǽ̾ȻǣǴκķŭǾǽ̳ܲ𣡡
ǸĹκɽҧгݵĿ˵
ҲǸ߸ϲ֪ˣܾúܾöûгԹôĿˡ
ˣֻҪܹȥͻ뾡취ǽ̡
ǽȻȻиǺκʵ˵̫Զˡ
Ǿǽ̽ʵǿǴκҪԸĻҲûа취һоͿֵòֵˡ
ƾǴκôǽ񹦴ɣһǰǵĽǾǽҲûãɱһֻҲѲ˶٣ǽ̵ĸֹЦ˵ֲҲ򲻹ǽôǴκһƻҲǽĶ֣
ǽ̵ĸǷ׷׹ЦЦЩ޼ɵȻҲûнЩΧеĴκŷϡ
κǷ׷ҧгݣ޵òУȴûʲô취Ǹǽ̸˵֮ǰΧǽ̽Ƕ֣˫ʵ̫Զˡ
Ҳû뵽ǽ̽Ȼǿزᵤĸ־Ȼ׻ܣʵԼʦǿ
ǽ̽õˣҲζžǽ̽ʵܸһﵽᵤڡ
ĻƴΣﵱ¸ûʲô֣ǴκǿĽֻҲκβ
СǲãҪһˣǽ̵ĸֹЦ˵֮дżֲмҲƷϡ
һƷЦһǵһ£ҽЩˣ˵
˵˭飿ǽ̸һȣƺƷĻŭˡ
˵أ
ƷƽڶǸǽ̸Ȼֵķ֣֪ʲôʱʼƷȻѾǰץһ֮ɳһͽĺˡ
һ鵤۷ĸ֣


1519 ȥն
һƽƽ棬̸ʲô˵ʽ⾳̺УֻǼ򵥵һӳȴһǿ鵤۷ĸ޷⣬һնɱ
һֱסȫ˶׷׸ŵһ
ЩһֱûнƷϵľǽ̸ִʱҲ׷
̫ǿˣ
Ǵʱﻹǰֻ鵤ڵļһĿ¡
ǲûϳǰ˾Ǿǽ̵У޳
ҲܹоĳǰһԲöԸ
֮෴Ǵκĸǣ˳Ʒһ֮󣬶ʱ񣬳ƷʵԽǿ˵ȻҲԽǺ¡
Ҳı΢һ㣬ǰ˿ǻԼʦǿ˰ɱһ鵤۷ʲô
ʵϣȱǽ̽һն룬شҲڻᱻôһ鵤߸Ͼ·
ǽ̵飬һɱһ
Ʒ֮бɱ⣬ҪЩǽ̵ĸأû뵽Щǽ̵ĸ־ȻԼˡ
ν̤Ьٴȫѹ
ˢ
Ʒ͵һӾʧԭأһ˲䣬Ѿһǽ̵ĸǰһӳǽ̸ֻ˵ʲôʲôӦͱֱһɱ
ͣ
䣡
أ
ײһ˲ȫͷ˿
Ƕ̶̼ʱ䣬һҽУЩ־Ѿͳͳ˳Ʒˡ
ʱκĸŲڷӦ˹赭д·ֻǰγһЩӲһɵĳƷɵ÷׷װһڿˮ
Ȼ֮д󲿷˶ǵһμƷкܶ඼֤Ʒսƻĵһս
Ǻ͵Ǹʱâ¶ĳƷȣʱĳƷеʵ޻ǾĳƷǸӿµĶˡ
ʣƷʵ˳ĽҪ󶯸ɸֻ꣬ǼлͽЩǽ̵ĸͳͳ¾
Ҫ֪ЩɶǾǽ̵һУҲǰ벽Ĵڡ
ּͬΪᵤκɽҪʰǣףϾԷ̫ˡ
ǳƷ׾٣׵ľͽЩնɱ
ˣˣƷ˵ǵƲҪɣ
ҪǵȻأǻҪǵæ˵ʵϣԽᵤֵĳǿ˵һֱ׷ɱֻҪһʱлָӵлԱҲǱˡ
Ҳֻ࣬ҪǱ׷ɱٸһЩʱ䣬ָܹӵʵ״̬
Ȼڻָ۷ʱڣҲʱܱɱҪõĶˡ
ǼȻˣǾȽ˰ɣȻ˵Ʒ˵
Ҳ׷׵˵ͷȻڰ֮У׷״Ǭ֮ͳ˴Ѵѵ˵ҩ
ЩƽʱԱģǱһֱ׷ɱûʱȥ˵Ļó˷ˡ
ЩǴκ֮ĸ֣ӵе˵ҩȻҲͬ죬Ƕ̶̼ӵʱ䣬ѾָɵʵѾܹôصơ
Ҫȫ̷ָ˵ĵҩҲҪյʱ䣬ͲһһϦܹˡ
ôᱻǽ̵ͻϮôңƷ˵Ĳˣ㿪ʵ
⣬ЩƣȻ˵ǶǱǸƭˣ֮ǰһͬǰȥ̽ȥڻңȥƽеĻأ˼õصʱȴͻȻֽͳͳشһ׷ɱǣ
ʲôƷʵ
һ麬ǿʯҧгݵ˵һʯ׽ڶǰѼģ̺ǿһֱûʹãͷһ֮Уǽ̵õϢһͬǰ˭֪ҵһʯʱ򣬾ͻȻ͵ϮǣֻѾеˣأ϶ӲöԸֻʶµһҲпܣ
Ʒţʱ棬ЩһһĶԼ̣֮ǰҲҪ̷ңȻΪһﵽᵤȶµһ֡
ǽ̽ҲΪһʯˣΪ˳ΪµһҲǲֶˡ
ƽʱȻ˵ʵϻǷǳġ
Բɹһʯ֮еĻ룡æ˵
ģҪΪµһ֣أ²˳٣ǰ·ȥնƷ˵


1520 ˼ۺ
ãҪϹҧгݵ˵Ȼžǽ̽Ҳû뵽ǽ̽Ұô󣬲Ǵ㽫ˣҪҲһ򾡡
Ҫ֪εĸ֣ҪͰǷǳģȻΪʦҲô궼ڽᵤˡ
Ψһİ취ӵиָӿĹ̡
һĻۣҲֻܹΪһܹﵽᵤڡ
ڵᵤھѾǽᵤ֮еһ֣ԺԼʦȼ硣
ջǴӦһͬǰ
˭֪Ǳһѣ
һߣڼΪ֮ӵܹܡ
ãˣûǿ뿪ɣ˵Ǳ⣬ʵöӦöѾѹιˣƷ˵
Ҳ˵ͷβף׽ֲһҹ֮ģһ֮д󲿷ֵĺöֻͱùˣǵĿɲࡣ
лˣպǲǣʱκɽҲǰ˵ĿʮָӣǷôһ飬⻹֮ǰûзϵĳƷ
ʵϣҲǴκĹȽ⣬ǰĴκҳԱֻһȨû̫Ȥ
츳ҰģټϴκҲԼĵϵ֣˲ϧ۵ĽΪƻ֮󣬴κڶᵤ֡
ҲΪʲôκܹ̩ɽĹϵûĸ֣ȫ¡
֮ǰʱ򣬴κϻʵҲûȥڣֻûжȤΪϾ֣ڲĳ棬˭ʵۣ˵ûʲôֱ
ʵ͵λ㻻һʵҲҿ˿ӦеĴ
ǸʱĳƷֻһǱĺ󱲶ѣδлᵤ
˭뵽Źȥʱ䣬ƷʵȻһ츲صı仯ڶѾ͸Ʒˡ
ԺֻҪʦڣضǣ
պлỹʦǰһ±صɨӭ
ԺֻҪʦһ仰ʮǧҲǰ
Щַ׷˵һǷ˳Ʒ֮飬ɲǲ˵
취Ļֻ¶Ժвͨ˸νΪǸо
ЩĸǶ֣Ȼ֮䣬ѾνǽձǷ˳ƷܴˣЩҪġ
޷֮ͶѣƷܹƺʹκ֮иֵĹϵҲģ˵Ǿ֮Ͷѡ
ڵлЩַ׷׶ת뿪ˣһον͵ʴףǽһѣ뵽жޱȵķŭ
󣬴ӽκ;ǽ֮Ҳֹ
˶뿪֮󣬳ƷĴ·֮£ֱӳžǽ̽ڷȥ
Ĵ֮£Ʒһ޴ޱȵı֮УĲر⣬Կһ޴ޱȵļӣ˺Ļҳ֮ǰﶼǷ׽ڸָıģЩ绹ûбƻɢŵĹֻ궼ûвȻ绹ڣʵҲһͻữΪɻҵĳ̶ȡ
Щľͷÿһͬһһ׸ߣȻиһͬķзŲͬĶ
ƷȥһƬĻؿɢһأȻǱķ֮ǰս֮бǽ̺ʹκĸִ顣
Щؿܵ룬һ޴ޱȣɢŵɫâʯϷһӰϣΧʯ֮˳ΧΧγ˿µ籩
ȻЩ籩һӰգϢÿʱÿ̶ڷ
֮ǰ飬ƷλһӰӦþǾǽ̽ˡ
ν˼ۺ죬Ҫնɱǽ̽ĿɲֻгƷһԵѾ˫Ŀͨ죬һγԵĿ̫ˣͬһƷһս
һսƷûҪɱ˼ȻܵĳȴûΣա
һȴǲͱǽ̽ɱˣǾǽ̽Ҫһʯ֮еκɽ˿϶ڽӡ
Ϲϣɱ
һ
أڴʱԶӰֱӷ˹һһֱס˳Ʒˡ
죬ȻûһעҪֵܵˣ


1521 
ƾ
ȵ
ƷɨһۣһӣһһҰ˹
ƷϾѾ³ӵݣǽ󻤷;ǽһ
֮ǰ֮УƷõ˴ھǽ̵ϣойһֵš
һֵǾǽµĸ֮һһ˫̥϶о˵츳ǽ뱾֮һ·˳˳ˮ𣬺ǳΪ˾ǽ̵һ
һʵھǽ֮ҲϺŵǿߣÿһ֮ǰҪѾ˰벽ᵤĸ֡
ĸ֣˵ҲǽеһС
лĻпͬӣᵤΪĸ֡
Ȼǽ̵ĸִ󲿷ֶ׷ɱ˶ȥΪ˱ǿ֡
ʦȥԸϹʰǧҪסŲ
ʱ˵֮ǰᱻ鵤׷ɱһʵѾָˣȻ۷壬벽ᵤĸȴҲˡ
ƾǣǽ̵󻤷һĶųƷ죬ǳء
ΪҲˣƷʵͬСɡ
ãϲģ˷ʱ䣡
ƷЦһ

˱Ʒ̬˲伤ŭˣϷ׷ױ˿ֲķ񳱣һ˲Ѿɱ˳Ʒǰ
һһңֱӳųƷйǵĹչʱһ˲䣬ǳǵһ㣬ųƷ
ƷֻǼһȭɲǼ䣬ȭŤ˺ѿһУһӾͽǳ˺ѿȻ͵һӣһȭֱӺ䵽˵ϡ
أ
أ
һȭ䵽˵ϣһҽУ˲䵹˳ȥ·⵽һɿֲͻϮһӱ˺ѿˡ
һ˲䣬ֵܾѾ˳Ʒϣ
һɣһʱҲ֪˵ʲôҪ֪Ҫˣȫʤ£һ򵥵飡
Ͼǰ벽ᵤزѾӵĳЩᵤ
ȻԳƷֱͬӲһľͺɱˡ
˵Ʒֱһ̤ȥ飬ȻѾǽᵤˣʵ͵ֱͬնǳƷ͵ҲͻͽĽ
Ʒ赭дһȭͺɱ˾ǽ̵һ֪ˣĳƷɻ赭дĵز
ң
һһɿֲѹһķ籩֮д
֪һѹʱһ䣬Ϊܹоǽ̽ʵһ˵ٶۿϾҪͻƣﵽᵤڵĵزˡ
ãǧϹͻƣĻ룡æ˵
Ʒ촽ֻЦſǰһ籩޷ͻˣҲһҪ
Ȼǽ̽ʵڷٵԽһߣǶĿǰĳƷ˵Ȼ̸ʲôв
ʱƷʵҲͬ˷츲صı仯
ʱ籩֮һӰӶ˺ѿһУɲǼ䣬Ѿ˵ǰ
Ȼҵҵɱˣ
ǽ̽˵
ܹоһɾ˵ѹѹϣʱмܣôҲǽᵤĸ֣żȻôȻܣȴܹܵס
ԱߵĳƷȫһ赭дӣƺǽ̽ѹܶκεв
ᵤڣƷüͷһЦ˵
֪Ѿ̫ˣϲˣǽ̽Ķס˳ƷҲ֪˭㾹ȻɱҾǽ̵һµأ˭Ȳ㣡
һҪȣƷЦһһҪ㣬Ϊ㻹վ˵

ǽ̽ƷĻ׼ŭˣһ˲Ϸȼǹ⣬ɲǼ䣬һȭ
䣡
ضžҶһȭֱӻһǳһ䵽˳Ʒϡ
ǿֲԽһɽͷ׵׵Ϊƽء
һԵ춼ò˷磬ֿһȭɢನ
ȻƷȴûκεĶһӲһȭ
ߣˣ
ƷֱһȫѪӿǽ̽ʱоһɿֲ˻˳Ʒϵȭ
⣡
ǽ̽˺üǿͣ˽ŲܹоؿڵѪڷڡ


1522 һƳ鷭ڵ
ףǽ̽ʱɴ۾һȭȻ̸ȫڿ˽ᵤڵΪ˵һȭлص
ȭԽлΪɻҡ
ǳƷȻ治ɫĽ׶ԳƷĹۣƷǵ֮
Լ֮ǰԤЩһ
Ʒϵķֻ鵤ѣһʼĿ궼֮ϣȻڿƷ֮ǿǸ
ʦû°ɣæĵ˵ղžǽ̽ǰԵһȭԼʦӲҲ˲䱻˵ġ
˫ʵо޴Ĳ࣡
û£̶ֳȵĹɻ˲ң
ƷЦһ˵
ǾͺãʦҪСһЩϹɲʲô֮ˣ
ʱһСľ˵
ǽ̽ʱһֱһȭ˹ȥ
ʱо޾ȭѹ˷ѹ˹ɲǼҪ㡣
ã
찵һãȥҪһȭķΧ֮ڡ
漴ͷ֣ԼһɿµˣҪ˿Ǹܡ
ʱȴƷһ֣һץǻǳĿֲȭȻƷոץޡ
ĶңƷ˵ҪǰףҲÿûˣ
ʱǽ̽ԳƷ࿴ûнһ׷ɱŭޱȵ죬ǿ˵ʦճĪκ֮ðǸµһֳƷɣ
ǽ̽ǵһʱͲ³˳ƷݣƷС׽޳֮ǰû֪ݣԲ²ݡ
ǳƷȴͬڴκ֮п˵ǽ췭ظǾֻҪѼ鱨ֻ¶޷ֵ췭ظĳƷ
ҾǸƷƷ˵
һҪԣǽ̽ʱҲɱȻа޳ƷȻɱһпܽǽ̵ĸָɱˡ
ⲢûȫܳƷİա
Ʒֳʵһɲĸоֵزĸ֣¶ǷëǣûȫİգҲͳƷ˺
´ǰ˫ͬѾ˺ˡ
֮취ҵƷ㽫ƷɱڵҳƷ鷳Ǹ¡
ԣôΪĻȷʵҲƷЦһ˵
ǸҪˣǽ̽ĿųƷ˵
Ҫƾ㣿ƷЦҲ̫Լˣ㣬˼ʧ飬֪٣Թ˵ҿȫʬ
˼ꣿôǸ˵飡ǽ̽ʱЩɻô˼顣
˼ĴڸҲ̫ǿ˵㡣
֮ǰֽ˼شҲûзϣһѰô̫ע
ΪӵĹϵܶκιע
Ȼش˼꣬˼䲻Ų鷳ĸոտʼðһ޳Ǿǽʧأսֱɱл˵¸صϽ
иҲ⽣޳Уô̵ʱ֮ڣǽӶ˸ɸɾ
γرһĿҪҵĽ޳Ȼնɱ
˭֪ǽ޳ûи㶨ͻȻð˸κµһҲ˼顣
Щһһһһ˵ã
Щˣó֣Ҳô⡣
Щһһ鷳
µҲûеѡֻһɱһһ˫ɱһ˫
Ʒ۾֮бɱ⣺ˣǼˣ
˲䣬ƷͶˣֱһɨ˳ȥɲǼ䣬͵һӳ鵽˾ǽ̽ϡ
أǽ̽Ӧ˲䱻˳ȥ
䣡
ǽ̽ݺݵı鷭ڵأ͵һ㷭ϻأŵ飬ƺȫžȻᱻƷһƸС
Ҫ֪Ϊܹ˿ûж٣ӱƷһƳˡ

ǽ̽ʱŭˣȫзӯ죬ֱӳ
˵һƳУĸо裬衣
һҪɱ㣡
һɹɵĿֲѹ糱ˮһ㳯ųƷѹ˹Ʒ˿·֮еĽʯƾѹѹ˹ȴ޷Ʒ
ԱߵѾ˳ˣλףսֵܹ˵ġ


1523 ǽ̽
ƷıӰֱ͸һһղųƷһƺֹǰɾǽ̽±ˣҲ±ˡ
ûзӦ
Ҫ֪Ǵ˵еľǽ̽ʦͻ֮󶼲ǶֵĿ´ڡ
Ǿǽ̽˽ᵤ֮ʵǴﵽһȫµĸ߶ȣ֪ǽ̽ɱĻӲ
˭֪ԳƷʱ򣬾Ȼ˵ĲһһƸ鷭ڵء
ֲ·ĴײˣȻ˿£
뵽ƷͣҲʱ֪ôˣ²Ǹɣʱﻹһ˿һҪͳƷһϸµ뷨붼顣
ʱֻ˵ԶԶĶ㿪սⳡеκһ˶ܹԸ˵ģ
ڼŭңˣǽ̽ųƷĿţһͷ˵Ұһ
ˣƾ㣿ƷЦһǸƻûѹ
Ʒӭ޾ѹһһǰߣûһ˿һĺ£һѹͲܶһǰв
飡
ǽ̽һֱӻһǳһųƷײ˹ȥ⻹ǽֻǿʼѣһһŵǳֱӷӿųƷȥ
ûѣƷЦһֱһٶ˳ȥֻͬǿƽƽһƣȴֱӭǼյǳϡ
أ
Ǿ飬ſǳƷһճ鱬ˣ˫ײֱγһľ޴ը񷶼˺˿
һӰµıը֮еֱ䵽˵ϡ
䣡
汻ҳһӣԾǽ̽Ϊģҳһ󶴣Ѻͬ֩һ˷˿
ۣ
һΣǽֻ̽оؿڼһѪ˳ȥһһֱӳһߵϣһ˫׺ݵ֮˸ȫ޷ŵ顣
·ţƷȻܹٶһƳ鵽ϡ
˵ղŻе±ƵĻôѾе㷴Ӧ˹ˣƷʵԲǿеˡ
𣡡
ǽ̽һŭ˺һͷҰһ׵׵ıƷŭˡ
һΣһΣҾԲκδĴˣ
ǽ̽ŭ𣬼ֱҪʶմһ˫֮͸¶һŭɶȻƣⱲӶûй顣
ǣ
ƷЦһžǽ̽¶˼ֲм顣
Ѿ׼ŭˣˣ
ǽ̽ױˣŭֱӷ˿Ȼ͵һӳųƷ˹ȥ
ֱӲȳĹâɲǼѾɱ˳Ʒǰˡ
ҫ
ǽֱ̽һȭһȭ˾ſǳֻǺ֮ǰĲͬһεľſǳͬʱ֣·ҫҫһУҲһС
ſǳһУҲ˻
һĿֲѾ˳Զʱоһֲֿϯ
ʱ̸оˣȻǽᵤǽᵤںͽᵤ֮սֱ࣬ر
Ļ϶ֵ˿µĴڣ
ڿƷӣһ˿һµӣ
ƷֻǼ򵥵Цһ漴һƳ˹ȥ
Ǽ򵥵ĶԭЧһ޴ޱȵײǽ̽ٶȱ˳ȥ
ֱӺһȭȻƷո鱬ˣ޷ԳƷһǰв
䣡
ǽ̽ٶȱһӳ鷭ڵء
ô򵥴ֱ
ʱѾûʼֽźͺ£һֿЦõĸоµλƷʵȫռơ
ֵܶģûô򵥴ֱľͽԷһٵģ
ȫ󣬾ǽ̽жôı˵ڳƷĻȪ̤֮¸Ƕ֣Ʒ̤ȥ顣
ֻǴʱǽ̽ӱΪƷ̤ʱҲûҪ˼ڣƷʵʵǽ̽
ʲôֶΣֻһư鷭ڵأٴҲûˡ
ͻȻ֮ǰǽ̽˼Ǽ˵飬ͻȻеսòƷһֱǵڣȻݺǽ̽ɡ
ڿƷһƬ䣬֮дż⣬ڣ˭ҲỳɳƷӵеʵ

ǽ̽ŭˣʲôʱôˣһƽһƵĳ鷭ڵء
һҪ
ǽ̽ķзӯ죬𣬼ҪƬض˺һ㡣


1524 ѧѧˣ
㾹Ȼң
ǽ̽ױƷŭˣҲǱƷһİƸˣȫʧȥԭӦеľ
㣿԰Ҿ㣬ΣƷЦ˵
²ûдƷΪǽ̽ĻǺ޵ڡ
ǽ̽Լ̫һˣǶڳƷ˵һǽ̽ʲô
˵޵ľ֮󣬳Ʒˣ֮ǰûͻƵʱʵҲֻǸոտᵤڵľǽܱ̽ȵ˵ġ
˵˵ɣ֪֪˼䣬֪Ļһһ·ҲһƷֻǵ˵
ǸѾɱˣ
ǽ̽һ˫Ŀͨġ
ѾɱǸˣɱȥᣡ
ǽ֮̽еķڶ֮ǰԸһΣȻһץֱӽһöҩץУ̷˿С
䣡
ǽ̽ȫķȼգĹڲϵⷨۺ̶ȣ֮ǰҪ̫ˣͬһ㣬Ϊ룬˷ɢ
Զٶȥޱȵأǰ⾳˵ľǽ̽
ʦ̫дˣ³׽ǽ̽ŭˣԸԼҲҪͳʦһϸ£ʦΣˣƷʵ̫ˡ
ǽֳ׼ŭˡ
ҫ
ǽ̽һȭۿԿǣȫļⶼѿˣΪҲ޷ܵĿ
ΪŸոͻƣΪЩϣ˵ڵķ̶ȱһʼʱϡ
һȭľſǳ֮ǰľſǳҪǿϼ֡
ƷЦһüëһȻȭһҫ
һ˲䣬ƷȻֱӺ˾ҫǽ̽ʽһģһҲǺ˾ſǳȻֱӽǽ̽ľſǳƬ
أ
ƷȭȥƲֱӺ䵽˾ǽ̽ؿڣֱƺһһѪ˳˵˳ȥ
ܣ
ǽ֮̽˸ȫŵ飬ƷȻʽѧȥˡ
Ҫ֪Ǿǽ̵ϵľѧΪѧһУʱ䡣
һУһֻģഫû⣬ԳƷ϶ҲǴطѧġ
Ҳ˵Ʒ̶̵ʱ֮УȻѾǵ̾ѧѧˡ
ǺεȾ˵츳ε
ʱƷŲǶʮͣ˵ܹƽƽǿҪ˵е츳ǿҲǸܵġ
ֻܹǿһ̫ˡ
㲻ѧҫģ
ǽ̽Ѿµ࣬ǲԸܣȻʵ̫߸ˡ
Զս쿴һĻҲûҪ֪ǽ̵̾ѧڵھѧ˵Ҳˡ
еѶȻҲӹɣȻƷǿ˼۾Ѿѧ˵ĵز
ͳ˵ɵľжôĿˡ
˸˵Ҳš
ҫˣѧˣƷЦһĸǺɵľѧҫ
ڵ˵ʮ־˵ľѧǶ˵Ⲣʲô
ĻȪ̤Ͱ˲ȭȾѧ˵ֵһᡣ
֪ΪʲôûֹȼԼôƷ˵һһ߿žǽ̽ҾҪ㣬ôQҵǰֻһֻ϶ѣҪ㣬һ仰飬ľѧĽҵǰֵһᣬ㲻ôľҫôΪѧԾѧˣ
˳Ʒǽ̽ûһѪ˳ʲôѧѧˣѧҫ˵ǷѾǧ࣬˵ѣǼˣǽ̵ʷϣҲϺŵˡ
ڳƷǰֵ̫׾ˣֱһͷһ޴
һţҲе㲻֪˵ʲôƷǼǳ𣬵ڻǽ̽
ǽ̽ţҲһУ츳ãųʷǼˣδлᳬԽʦƻġ
ǺǰĳƷĲ̫Զˡ
죬ǽ̵ʷΪֹˣƷ˵Žǽĸ߲㶼Ʒһ򾡣ǽ̵ĻԻʷҲΪֹˡ


1525 ǽ̽
ǽ̽ɫһһףԳƷֵûУ벻ͨΪʲô˫ʵô
ǺʣӲȥĻ¾ǽ̵鷳ʹˡ
ƷȥҾǽ̵鷳⣬Ծǽ̻ڿ;ǽ̹ϵܺõѣھǽ̵Щ
ǽû㹻ĸûһᵤĸĻ޷סôӡ
׽ôûģ˲֪Ǿǽ̶ٻ֪һЩġ
Ϊǽ̾ǵΧ׽ڵһŵĴˡ
׽û֮󣬾ٵȺҧľ棬ҧģ
ģľڳƷϣټľǽ̴е֮󣬾Ȼûˡ
Ҹƴˣ
ǽ̽һǿнȼˣ˷ȻһӳųƷ˹ȥ
ҲҪһ
ʩչľѧѹ׵ľѧⱲҲֻʩչһζѣһʩչǺ͵һ
֮еķڷٵıǣһըԴͷһʱܱը
СģʦСģæ˵
һ˵ţһ߷ȥѾ֪һּ˿ֲΣ֮Уһɿֲʱܱը
Σգڵģ
ƷЦһԾǽ̽ͬھһУƷֻЦһȻֱһƳȥ
أ
ǽ̽һҽУ˵˳ȥʱͬйһﻹиղͬھķɫ
ǽ̽ʱ˶ѾΪһѪ˵ϣĻֻû˻ţ֮ǰսĿֲǿߡ
ôˣɴ۾оһɿµѹѾɢˣǾʮֲ˼飬ֱͬ˹һǽ̽Ѿ㹻ֲˣԳƷʱ򣬾Ȼ˲һ
ţ
Ʒ˵ͷʲôͷ
ǽ̽ʱһ˵ٶήȥղŷж죬ʱήҵٶȾж죬ԭ༡ⶼʧӰ٣ֻʣһƤѡ
˽ɵֶεĺ֢
ĻҲܵ˾˵ķɣ
Ȿһ˫нһ⵽˴ܣ⵽ɡ
ǽ̽ΪֶܹܳƷҲܹشƷ˭֪˽ɵֶΣԳƷʱҲûһ˿һʤ㡣
һƾ͸𷭵
ǽ̽ʱѾǽˣ˫񣬵ͼҪҪƷһս
ȴһ˵ĽâշӶֱһӽͷ­նɳȥ
£ǽ̽Ѿˣǽᵤĸֱնȥͷ­֮һ·һ
Ʒûпһ۾ǽ̽ʬףΪüֵûˣ˽ɷֱƷƴķֱ֮оľѪ
Щϧˣ
óƷϧĻûеõ˼ϢȻǽ֮̽ǰ˵˼Ѿɱ
ǳƷʧȥжȻóǽ̽ƭ
ҲΪˣҲʧȥ˼䡣
һ飬Ҳȵ˼껹һ֮еĻӦܹͷǰϡ
˵һ仰£Ҳһֱƽķʽ
ûеȵ˼Ļǻһֿԣ˼ӦѾһ֮ˣôƷҪٶ̤ȥѰ˼ˡ
ɲΪһؾֻô󣬱ϾõһҲԲȫ
Ͼ׽ҲԶԶǿУȻ𣬵Ҳ˵ˣһؾԲΨһһ硣
˼׷ɵʱѾߣŲԶѾ׻Ϊʬľǽ̽ипû뵽һԼʦҪɵֵ۾˳ƷС
û˿ͬ飬Ҫ֪֮ǰǽ̽㣬ǲˣҪƷɾ군ˡ
뵽һµĸо
ʦնлʦԮˣгʦǽ춼ҪһϹˣ˵֪ʦҪ֮УǴ뿪
뿪ɣ֮ҲûʲôĶˣ֮ǰƲ⣬⿿λڵʱҲˣò˶ã¾ͻʧڿռ֮УǴʱ뿪¾ҪһˣƷϣ˵
ã
˾֮ϳųڷ̤ŶݹӶȥ


1526 
׽ڱһĻȻ󲨣Ÿոտʼ͡
һν׽ڱ˲࣬ȫһһĸ֣Ҳа벽ϵĸ֡
ĸ֣κһطһһĴڡ
Ȼ׽ڵı֮Уȴģ䡣
˵кüĸУʺȪǽ̽ţЩĸԺգһʱĿֲ
ƽʱκһ˵ǳ˴ˣھȻһʧ
˴ε׽ڱִУǾס
ǶЩȻ˵һǿޱȵĸ֣סһп֮еĹؼڡ
Ƕˣڵ˵ʣһجġ
˽ʺнʺĴ֮⣬Ȫڣǽ̣Ȼﶼ˵һҹ֮˼ȵΣ֮С
ĵƣΧѾ˴ٲ
һʱ䣬¶Ȼˡ
˻ѵ׽ڵı֮ôô
治ͳµ׽ڣѾˣıڵ˽˺üĸ֣
ǰ˵ǸʢҿһЩֻƬצļأ˵Ǹĸֶϡ棬ϻиӿµĸ֣ڣǸ˿Ŷһĩʱˣ
ŵϢ׷׵һΪʵ׽ڵı⿪֪֮٣ֻһЩȻĸ߲֪Ϣ
Сһ֪֪֪ʱȴǸ׬һҹ
෴ģǵõǸ۽ʧصϢܹΪ֮ء
󣬸Ϣ˳һҹ֮䴫¡
޳˵֮лȪţȫϣ
ĸȫһ˵ϣѵ⽣޳ǹô
оԿɿϢǽ̽κĳƷϣ
ǽ̽ǿƵĸ֣˵Ժͽʺȼ磬Ȼ˳ƷϣƷö
ʲôһ֪֮ǰһɣСԪ֮󣬽ʺҪΧɱκʹĵʦţʧ˴ֺѪʺˣ֮ˣǳƷ
ôܣô˵ĻʺʧİɣˣҲ˵ʺǿĽӰͳͳˣ
ŸСϢɣһʱ䣬޳ͳƷϢν衣
Ҫ˲֪ǼĪΪǳƷδɱ䣬ʵû̫ܻˣ¼̫ˣȻֻֻƬһЩϢ
Ʒնɱ˵ʱڳնɱǽ̽ʱҲֻһڳҲǽƲ
ϾƷ֮Ǿͷ׷ˣҲͲѲ²ˡ
˳Ʒǽ޳֮⣬ǼʲôƲˡ
һʱ䣬ȫ»ȻȻ󲨡
ʱ֮ǰƷͽ޳ֶȫµ˵Ƿǳİġ
Ǽں̵ܶʱ֮ڣ˵ĸϺ鱨ѾѼˡ
ܹĿֲս¼ûκһںӣ˶ɱ֣֮Ҳ˵սľ
ǵȻҪúоһ£ⲻСľײǹˡ
˶һʱڻ𣬳Ʒ˴κ֣ʶκµһ֣ǽնɱ;ǽ̽µ֡
޳ʱ̣սҲǺѷɫʤһոճʮһΪۣնɱ˾ǽһεϽдǽ̵ĸ֡
նɱ˽ʺлȪţѾõ֡
һҹ֮䣬˵ͷ쳹£ҿ˵ᣬҲǶʮӣ⼸˶֪ˣ¼ǳʦ
Ҳû˻ɹǲͬһˣϾһп̫ɺˣܿͱ˲ˣΪǵõ鱨޳һרעϽʦƷȻһѧӵʦ
߸һ·ӵģҲţܹеѧǷ켫ⱾҲ̫Υ۵顣
˵𣬺ʣ̤ЩѾõֵʬλģҲЩĴ˺޵ġ


1527 õʦܻᣬС
ǿƷͽ޳ˣʾ̤үʬλġ
νѪ
ֻоĺΪ汾ʮ顣
Ҳ֪˶û֮Уǽ̣ȲǵһҲһ
ʲôȨΪȹ̵ģǾǲǰ˵ʬߣΪȹ̵ġ
Ϊǰ˵ʬɱû˸ӣ˶Ҫ֮ɪɪ
ϢĻ󿪳һֱͣӿȫµɱ֯ĿǳƷͽ޳ˡ
Ϣһ»Ȼ֮ȴҲʲôֵģƷͽ޳նɱˣǿɶʲôѰ
ĸ֣κһ֮У϶漶ƽʱκһܴĲ
ο˲ֹһһȺһȺ׵
Ʒͽ޳Ӷѻģ
䱳ԼԼ󣬾ǽ̵ȻӰȻǽ̽ѾˣڵȻȻӵеĲƸƸɵйʲôļ붼ǳģֻҪɱƷôһҲͶֵˡ
Ǽһҿ˶ĶǾˣȴû˸ҽӵʼ۵ĶûС
Ͼ˵ʵ˵Ʋ⣬ֻѾǽᵤڵΪˣκһǸǴ֣ԿɵĿ
лʶµһ˭ҽĵӣǲѰ·ô
Ǹɱ֯ҲҽĵӣҲԼ֯ɱϣֱӸˡ
һˣҲŻˣǳƷͽ޳˸ȴͬɱ¾ƣû˿˼ɣҲû˿
˭ǵǣֻ·һ
û֪˶˵ʱ⣬һ޴ޱȵĵ֮УʦЭ֮ܲϣһһõĿˡ
ǣ¼ʦʥأиƣѰطѵһĴʦڵ֮ʤ֪жʦ˵֮С
ϴʦҲ֣೤Щֶڵ֮УҲû֪ⵤ֮УǱжٵĸ֡
κʺĵ۶ҲǺѷɫ
ƣڵ̺֮ĲƸȲϵģϾʦЭ֮ǰѾ˵Ȼ
һգƷ˽޳ģ˵ʦЭܻ֮С
ԶԶһ޴ޱȵĵǣʦγɵĵŨۿɼγһ޴ޱȵĶһ㣬֮ϡ
ƷԶԶȥҲ棬ҲǴнģѰĶǣһ۶ɵġ
赤ǵȻҲһͨߣȻܹʦЭ뵤۵һΪػڵ֮ϡ
Ķǣ⵽ǧĹҲѴƵǵķ
ҲΪʲôʦЭܹؼ䣬޾ĸڡ
Ʒͨܿ죬ͱ쵽˳һ޴ޱȵĹ֮С
ҲʦЭܲڣ಻ݻгƷܹоǿϢУϰٸϵϢһƬݷ
ʦЭܻ᲻µĳȻ֮һȷʵԼĵ
ûһѾԳƷӭ˽ȥ
ԶʧԶӭʧԶӭæ˵ʵֻҪͨһԶͽСˣ
ȻףƷΪʲôˣǻΪ˾С
Ҳû˿Ҫ˼ȻûۿƷնЩˣǲº˽⵽
һ˳Ʒ˵ˡ
Ҫ֪Ʒֵεĸ֣ɲĵģ˵ԭҲָƷܹΪһЩʱҲˣû뷨
˭֪ƷôͣȻֱӽ˸նˡ
뵽ǼµͷƤЩ飬뻹Լûе˳ƷĻ³ҲЩҪö١
޷ҲǶ߼·ѣƷЦЦ˵
Ȼ㱨һַˣΪ׸һ鹹ҲûסַҲֻ֪ܶҲ취ĵϸҪ֪ʲô·ء
ԵȣѾȥȡСˣæ˵
Ƭ̼Ĺ򣬾Сһ˹


1528 ҩ֣չ
ߵ˳ƷǰУʱһöԼĪĴָСĵҩ˳Ʒǰ
һöɫĵҩмΪǿҩ̺Уȴûһ˿һҩӳҲƵУ̻ŹӵĻƣγһС󷨣ԽҩȫȫķУƮɢ
˲ǳƷʵ̫ˣΪҲǵʷģʱиڴ浤ҩѣһʦƵĵҩѴ棬ʱƣҩҲڲϵɢ
ԿУϵǸ󷨿Խҩ֮УȻеײаʯģֻҪʯеûбĴоͿһֱȥ
ʯ֮еĴҲͨʯǵµʹá
Ҳǵʵĵֱʣ֮ʦҪ浤ҩͲˡ
Ʒȷһ£ȷʵǾСˣϾƭ˱ˣǿƭмҡ
ˬ죬ȻˣҾͲˣƷֱеɽͼĿռ֮С
Ӳһôһ۳ƷȻ󿪿ʵ
ˣһöҩƭңƷ˵¼仹ûùҵĵҩ
룬᳤ҲֹôһöСˣ
ųƷô˵֮ɫԭͻɳƷڵϿ϶вǳ裬֪֪ܶ飬Ʒôһ˵˼ְգֻµû
ҲûзϣƷǴĶ֪ء
ӹˣЦ˵ʱ佣ӺǳƷҲȵˣ֪кܶ˴ҽӵ鷳֪ôأ
ֻһЩСˣҲ͸һЩϲֶ̨ΣƷһĨЦھԵʵǰʲôıƶûκġ
ǿͶҲ˵ˣҲÿûôĵӸҽӣĸɱ֯ҽӣҾ̤ƽܲ
һͣҲûƷķӦȻ˵ļң˵һ㻺͵˼ûУȫһ˭ңҾŪ˭ӡ
漴뵽˳Ʒһ磬ƺҲȷʵӣɱ񣬷ɱ
ҲǣԽʵ˵ֻܹκεҲڣ˵˵Ǻ˴ǮҪʺ֣ԽСһЩ
ʺƷüͷһ漴üͷչ޷֪ʺԹ˶ϾˣܻžͲˣӦûа취ǵ鷳ˣ
ƷѿٺһЦ˲֪֪ôʺ֮ǰűشӴܣܵĿ죬ڿѾˡ
ʱĳƷĹڲԶˣڳƷʵҪԽʺ򱬡
Ŷ¶𾪵ɫ֮ǰһϢûյǿƷӣȻҲſڿӣôҲ˵ֻ½ʺڵá
ʱŷֻ֣¼䣬̫̫ʦЭ᳤ܻ֪ء
л᳤ˣȻûбˣҾȸˣƷֱӿ˵ЩȲҪԾСЧˡ
Ǹʱʵһ˵ʺشΪڣƷĻһֻҪ϶١
ǺãҲͲԶˣߣ˹˵
Ʒ˵ͷ漴ֱ̤Ŷݹ⣬ֱ뿪˵ǡ
վԭأ粻֮ǰƷĻ̫ˣµһ֮ƵĽʺп⣬ҲشѾľ˵һı
ˣȥȫ׷ʺ٣Ϣǰң
κ۶ʦϣһͥԺ֮УһµĳƷѾ˱ģǰһʯʯϷһУ֮ǾС
ڴκ۶֮Уʦ˵ռؼ㣬ڳƷڵʱ֮ڣĸûʣ̶ڻʹ
һˣͱ˵סôĸۡһʦȴûκ
˶֪µһ֣ҲǱĶʦƷĸۡ
ûһôĵӵҵʦϾ˶֪ǵϵĿɽһ̫ϻʣ˭ǡ
ʱչˣƷ룬ʱͻƣҲȷʵʱҪúùһΪΪ̫죬ˡ
֮ڣҪչأ˭Ҳ


1529 
Ʒչ£˭Ҳڵ۶Ҳ˲Сķ粨ΪƷ˷뿪ִ֮˾˵ȻѾֻǴκһ֣µһˡ
֪ٴκѫȨﶼҪƷǶûа취Ʒͳͳ⡣
»ʵҲͬ⣡
һαչضڳƷ˵Ҫ»ʵҲãڳֿȵȨҲãͳͳ⣬޷Ʒ
λȨƵﶼ⣬ȻҲ޻˵ģƷĲҲƽϢˡ
չ֮ĳƷֱӽɽͼĿռ֮УҲ֪淢ʲô飬ǰһöС֮С
Ʒƿ֮еĽ磬ʱһɾ˵ҩɢԽԽǿңǵҩڸһ
Ҳûԥֱӽҩȥ
Сͻһǿҩɢֱɢ֫ٺͬһҪɢ֮䡣
һöҩҩȷʵʮ־ˣ
䣡
Ʒ̷Լ֮еÿһëףһҩɢȥ
ƷЩҩϴԼϸżͻƣһҪɾϵͻƣҪû
һǽᵤ˵鵤ֻγһ𵤵ӰԲŽ鵤Ļ
ô˽ᵤҪ鵤۳ʵһֱ𵤾
һöҲߵıڣνһ븹ӴҲ죡
ں˵һʮҪĽ׶ΣһûĽ׶Σ
˵ʵļ֮󣬳Ʒ֪׶жôҪ򳬷׵Ŀʼ
żͻƣǳ׵׵ĽԼĻοˣδߵĸԶȵߵĸԶ
ɽ£գۺ겻֪ꡣ
ڳƷչȫθͲͻƵʱʱͬ׾Թ϶µʱգۼš
٣ؼһƬɱ֮
κ۶֮УɫҴҵˣ˵϶żغ͵ǵ顣
ʱڹʦĳ֮ϣһһӵ־ֵʵϣʦռؾռһֵֵһ߾ǹʦ
ڹʦſڣһһװ֣ⲽȴǱˣڴκ۶֮һѫӵܵͷӳš
ֻǴʱڹʦſڲϵⲽȴ̤ʦһ
־˽ӵûãƥɫһ޴ĳڴߺ;ʿĴӵ֮˹ʦſڡ
ܿ죬ӳϣһӰһԾ£Ǵκʵκ޼ɡ
΢ż£ʥ
æκ޼
ƽɣκ޼Щֱ˵
л£æ˵
ôʦôκ޼ټ졣
δУæ˵ʦ⣬н磬Ҳû취̤ʦڣ
ô죬ڹΣ֮ʣκ޼ЩƵ˵
Ȼ˵ˣ³أôӦþͿҪˣ
æ˵
ϣ˰ɣǰӦҲ֪ڷһѾǰǰٷߣҲǰǰˣڸϢˣʺȻ˴ʱû٣
κ޼뵽ŭɶ
Ҳû뵽ֻµʱ䣬ƾѾ˵Ķӡ
߾ı߷ȫˣһһµʱ䣬Ѿ߾
κ޼뵽һжԴڲ֮ǰͻȻһӷѣ궼ûģսµ߾ı߷һ
͵ķҲһǧ߾Ҳ㱻ݣ߾֮еŷ׷ױݣ
޾޴ɽ纣Хһϯ֮ޣΪһƬ档
Щ޴ǵɱ¾ʳ໹иͳͳһЩ޴ˡ
ͨκľȻҲ书Ҳûа취ֵЩ޾޴󳱡
Ƕ̶µʱ䣬Ѿ˴߾ӵƣò˶ãܹԭ֮УǸʱ򣬲֮֡
Σյʱ򣬱ĽʺͻȻǴѹӱ߾ۿŻʱ¡
ʱףʲô©ƫҹ꣬ʲôй¼ѡ
ʱ䣬ȻڲϵٳãǱϾǻʱ仹̣δȫУھ飬һп¶ŷֱ


1530 Σѣ
شĶܵϢøոյǻõоʲôнͷö
ڣⷴԵ࣬ǰʱģϴ֮⣬Ҳ֣ɲͬȵ֡
ǲ֮ͬսǽʺ֣Щ˻ͨͶʺסԼٻ󣬹Ҳ١
Ƕ˵Ǿһˣͬӵ֮ޣǳԵԼǰ飬֮ǧ
Щ̸ʲôͶͲʹΪѹҲҪͳκ
ҪĹȣôܻء
Ϊ֪һ㣬κǰδеľһ£һʼתκ޼ɸо΢οĵط
ˣҲûʲôôΪȣκĹ̫ˡ
ֻоۼܿЩ壬ڱʺܣȻؼʱ򱳺嵶ͿϣҲ޷š
ʱֻдκһֹ¶ĶԿȫĸо
Ϊǰܵľƣִ±ȨĳҲ˳ȥͬʱ֮Ψһһĸ֣ĻҲһͬǲ˳ȥ
ʵϣҲһֱ˵ǻ֮󣬲֪֮оȻֲĴڣòп췴̫ˣûĸ棬ĻԵʱƷʵͶԸ棬ֻҪκˡ
ܹҲ࣬ҲѾȫȥˡ
в˳ҪΪκ֮ˣʱʷϻ֪Ҫôôһֻ֮ҲӲ˻֮ۡ
еϣе˳ƷϣŴ漣ھ֮иоϣĹʦˡ
֮ǰмֶԳƷļɵﻹʲôɵͲóƷԽǿԽá
ڸҲڴ͢סսߵĻֻоٱҵĿܣпܾӳκĿܣƵ˵
ΪӵҲܹӴѰ˽ӴϢȻڵƿνΣѡ
ЩҴһһթκ֧ŲסֻϾͿӳκǵʵĶܵӭ
Щ棡κ޼ŭɶ˵κҲݣ綼ݣӵĶȥӵĺҲûκôսһһ֮ս

̾һµ绹Ǹܹһս
֮ǰģΪʲôͻȻ裬鵽٣κ޼ɿųţʵ
ر£Ҹȥ̸еĴȻǶιޣֱһȺûнɾޣŭɶ˵ǸûҪǺͽ⣬һֻҪκˣ
˵޳ɱǺܶҪɱΪǵ𣡡
κ޼еɵۣ޳ɱǾȥҽ޳𰡣ʲô顣
ʱǸоԼսѾˣںﻹǱϥһ
ֱҪϹˣʲôϵΪʲôҪڹ
˵ô˵΢ֻ¾ֻһڶѣŵЩ֮˱һȺ״ͶҴκڲһɶѣûн޳ֻҲĽڣ
κ޼ɵ˵ͷȻҲóⲻ˿սһڰˣϾҪ˺ƶĺƽԼҲҪһڵġ
һֵĽڡ
ҲˣʺȻҿܱߣֱҲһȺ¹ޣȻǷı죬һȺ֮κ޼ҧгݵ˵ҲˣȻŭĻǽʺ˶һֱѭǱֶԸκ
ҷſģ˴ηӦòҪãӦʵҲӦа취ģ˵ֻԼ֮жûжٵİա
漴Ź˵£սս΢΢ԸʱϿʺ¶׼
κ޼ɵ˵ͷ·ң֪վüģһңοȻдģ޾ͳȫ㣬ͳ޲ʮ죬ûʼҹʮλͬУ
л£æ˵
أ˵ĹԭһֱڹʦĵĽ粨һ£Ȼʧڿ֮УӰ١


1531 鵤۷
ǡʦˣ
κ޼ɾϲӵ˵
һϲģ
ʦУƷɽͼ֮˳˹ʦ֮УȴһɫĿۣһͷһɫķڱ󣬿ΪС
ƷϵȻȻ֮䣬мϲɫ
µʱ䣬ջ񼫴
ȫȫһ˵Ϊǰٳ߸ͷһﵽ鵤۷塣
սѾﵽ˽ᵤ۷壬ѷ֣
ԭô̵ʱͽͻƣѾЩˣϾ̫ʱûй̣ͻƵ̫죬򶼲ȫȲЩĥĸ֡
µʱ֮УƷͨ񣬲ϵӾ򣬶̶¼ֱѰʮϵʱ䡣
Ȼô߶ĴۣʱʯѾȫĴˡ
ʵϣҲΪˣųˣչȥһֱΪﵽᵤٳء
ѾоһѾԶˣԭһʼֻеĽ𵤵ӰӶѣѾΪʵˡ
ÿʱÿ̶ڽУϵķ۽𵤡
ò˶ʱ䣬Ϳֱ۳ʵˡ
ǸʱͿ˳µĿᵤ¼Ҳûеˡ
Щʱ䲢ʱַͨʽõʯҲѾĵһɶˡ
񣬻ǱҩɽʯĴ󻧡
ֻκ޼ϹһʯˣƷ⣬һĺôˣֻҪԸ⣬κ޼ɾ͵취ԴԴϵŪָʯõĸԴ
ʡȥʱ䡣
ҲΪʲôɢ֮һֱиֱжĸҲǿ󣬵ɢȴˣЩ֯мɵ߱ɢ̫ˡ
ȵΪٽһҾͿ취뿪һأ˼꣬ңƷ뵽ͺöˡ
أӦµĽ类˶ˣչͿڹʦǻĳźκ޼ˡ
ͷһ𣬳ƷһɲǼ䣬Ѿ˹ʦ⡣
ƷͻȻ֣ʱһ漴Ͼϲ
磬ڳˣ̫ˣ
æ˵ʱﻹһѫӵͷ˵ĳȣڳƷǰǵǸ۵Сܵܡ
ʦκ޼ͬϲѡ
ţ£Ʒκ޼ɣ˵ͷôпã
ʦǳˣκ޼ɼ˳ƷҲͲæʼĩ˳Ʒ
ƷҲ΢΢𾪣Ҳû뵽Ŷʱ䣬¼Ȼ֮顣
ǧһֱలµͻȻһ˴κǶ̶̼µʱ䣬Ѿ߾ɨκʧأס߾ľǱ¾󲿷ֶߣһҹ֮ͱӿɱ
ƷȫõǺεȲҵĳ棬ûмһҹ֮䱻У˲أ޿Ҳ
˵йϵǳŽ޳ģȻֻһڶѣǶڳƷ˵ȷʵѲ˸ϵ
ô˲ң߾ѵһ㾯ôƷΪܹʱ䣬㹻Ӧʱ䣬Ϳ֯߾ľ룬ʧ֮
κ޼̾һ˵˴˷бһĿڣڶһֲƻıˣһȱ˹ƺǽʲôˣƴһŽǸߣ
ȻڣڻڱΧҵõ鱨Χɽϵ£Χˮйͨжϼӹ̵ĸֽ󷨣ֻѾˣ
ڼû䣬ӵƣҲֻʱˣ
κ޼뵽ʮͷۣҲͷ۹ڵǿףڵΪʲôҪڣ߾󣬲ûɵġ
ʱǵڵǿ෴ģͲܹǿһЩźá
ʼĩҴѾ֪ˣƷ˵ͷȻҳˣҾͲ᲻ܣЩҲ
Ʒ֮һĨɱ⣬ؽ֮ʾƽ֮ңʬɽѪ֮ɱ
£ǰ߾סʺȥ֮£ҽ½ȥʺնʺս֮ʱɲǿԣ˾˼飬
Ʒ


1532 Įɱ¾
гʦ֣̫ˣκ޼ϲ˵ʱҷƮҡָܹƣҲǱˣǳƷ
ڣƷڳأҲڿһˡ
Ʒ˵ͷ˵Ȼȥ̽һʣµ飬Լžˣ
û⣬Һܿͻ֯㹻ľϳʦķκ޼æ˵
ɣȻƷֻһˣֵʵܹһ֮סһ˵Ĵڣȵϰ
ֻҪƷЧǱͬʱҪЧĶˡ
ųƷ̤Ŷݹ⻯һâʧʣκ޼ʣһȻźͳ˵ţʱϣһҪ취赲ʺ£Ϊʦȡʱ䣡
ŵ
һ˵
Ʒ뿪˵۶֮һ·̤Ŷݹ⳯߾ķȥһ·ϵԿҴѵȺһһӸϸǰߵĴ
һֻҵϢ
ȻȵƷ߾ܵ߾֮еȣҸصЩ˵ĻҲ͸ʲôˡ
ʱ߾ıشǴκľɱĳ档
ÿʱÿ̶սᣬҵɱÿʱÿ̶ݣܵ˵κľӻڲϵĽڽڰˣ
ϾЩȴ޾ģɱ֮ն֮
ȵ߾֮󣬳ƷĳĿѣǲԫϱڣһĳѾɷǻУѰŲд࣬һֱ޷д˺ҧʳһкʣ¡
Ʒոս߾ʱķֱӷٶ
ЩÿһǼΪӴ󣬾ۼͬһƬ޴ޱȵƲ㡣

ƷЩ֮ϻĲ֫塣
һ˲䣬ڳƷ֮ӿ˸ָıγһ޴ޱȵıǽ
ݣ
ݣ
ݣ
ıһֱӺȺ֮С
أ
أ
أ
ЩղŻڲϳ׵ķʱԳƷĹȴǶ֣ɰǧıը˿
Щ޷ĳҪ嵽ƷǳƷķӿηȴ޷κε˳Ʒ
Ƭ֮䣬ѾƷ¾ʮķޣЩ֮ҲкܶͨޣϧѾﵽ˽ᵤ۷սĳƷһ
ܿ죬һɿǳӴķ޾ͱƷ¾
Ʒ߾ڵķȥ
أʱǿ޳ˡ
𣡡
һ޴ޱȵ޺ţԶһɿµѹһѹܹѰͨѪˡ
һͷǳŶǵĵ׶˳Ʒǵǰȫëǰ׽ɫģ޴ޱȵޱȵӴ
ֻһͷޣƺͽ߾סˣ
ᵤƷһӾͿˣһͷŶǵĵ׶Ȼһͷᵤޡ
Ҫּ֪ޣ֮УҲǺٵģھһͷ
࣬ܺãǿܹһ֮ɱһ˶ûУƺκĵһ֣ƻĻҪǿһЩ
һͷ׶ˣ֮˸żΪĹâ
ᵤڵ̫ˣһƬӦǱٻİɣƷ˵ɱ㣬һƬ֮еҲӦҪɢȥˣ
࣬Ҫɱңúأһͷ׶ҡҡͷ˵֮У˲֪꣬Ǵκ̫Ҷƾɱң̫Цˣ
ҿӦҲһ֮еǿߣѪǳʢ㣬Ӧʵǣ
һͷ׶ڴκ֮Ѿˣ֮ȷʵʮֺˡ
ƷȴȣձǿҪĶˣҲʮ顣
Ҫ뿪ǾͺˣٶҲѺȣ˵ˡ
һͷ׶еزȽᵤڣ֪ǧʱ䣬֮еľſˡ
˵ֻ˵Ǹƺ˵ĸǿࡣ
һͷ׶ȷʵǿ֫צ̤ڿ֮ϣȴ·̤ڵһ޾ľϱŨ㹻ţʲôǿʲôͬǿߣնɱ
ͬսҲо޴Ĳ࣡


1533 ɱʵ
Ʒܹоһͷʵȷʵǿֻ½ʺʵһͷ׶һĲࡣ
ʺ֮ǰǺųµһ֣
ɴ˾ͿɼĿˣ
ݷ߾֮УһǣǵҲͽޱȵʮֵľˡ
֮ежٶ֣֪
Ҳֻһˣ
֮ǰδͻƵĳƷˣмּ֣ڵĳƷ˵ʲôء
ˢ
һ˲䣬һͷ׶һӾͳױˣҲ˳Ʒ²ôöԸҲֻǲôöԸˡ
һӾĶ̫ˣʱҲ̫ˣǿҲ֪ɱ١
һצֱץ˹ͬ˺ѿһУһ˲ʧ֮˲Ѿץ˳Ʒǰ
Ľ⣬һУ
һͷ׶ѾϳɾˣȻûбΣҲܹһѧ
ڹഫĴ˵֮У֮ԿѧʵҲǸѧϰġ
ܹʩչּܣЩܶ츳ܣкܶҪѧϰҲܹѧᡣ
ȴûȻǸߣͨĦΪҲѧʲôȭȭȭȶˡ
Щ岻ѧϰѧܹԶЩǿļܡ
ֹٶȼ죬ѰĽᵤѶ㿪ȴǳƷ
ƷķӦ죬ֱ̧ץһâһ̳

Ʒһֱһͷ׶ץһצײһ˫֮ײƽһȻֱӱŽһĻǡ
Ȼ⻹꣬һͷ׶ֱ˫צʮ˵ĽâųƷץȥ
֮Ҳǿܹʹö֮ѧǿߣԽ࣬ҲԽ
һͷ׶ҲڴˣʮֻצֱӻʮȫͬĽâ˷ųƷγһֻ޴ޱȵĴƷֽС
Ʒǲֻͬץһ⣬κƻӰ˷ӭϡ
ڴ˿̣Ʒ˵ٶ˸쾡¡
أ
أ
أ
һ޴ޱȵĺԶԶȥĽâײǽϵĽ档
һͷ׶ûͣȴͬһ֣ʮĸ֡
ƷһѽͰԼصĵˮ©еĹͳͳֵסˡ
ǴĽ棡
˼
ƷֻڵѪҪŷΪѾܾûнйִĽԾˡ
ÿһͬпգҽǸ޷׽ƫƫÿÿ˹ؼϣܹ赲һͷ׶Ľ
һͷ׶ͬһĴ۾֮ҲֺȻ飬ƺҲûڽԼ档
˫ٶȼ죬һĽâ˺ѿһУҪ񷶼иƬ
̫Сˣ
һͷ׶˵ĿĿųƷϣԼ֮ǰ̫С˳Ʒ
ǼսȥҲõ³Ʒ
Ʒٶ̫ˣĽûбص㣬һ׼ݣǽ֮еĻδ˿Խӵ˾˵ĵزġ
ֻǼ򵥵ĽоܹƿĽ⣬֤ǰ࣬ǵ֮
ʱ˾Ȼֱӻһ׳˶ӣȫǰ׽ɫĿƽһ㣬Ϊˣֻͷϳһ޴ޱȵĶǡ
ʱץͷͷϵһ޴ޱȵĶץУȻһڴһ˶ֵľ޽Ķ
ˢ
һ˲䣬һ˶ֵľ޽ֱһնֻһѽѣֱӷֻĽ⣬Ȼֱγһ޴ޱȵĽ󣬳ųƷ˹
ҾսãҲûôʱȥˣ
Ʒ̾һеزֻһԺԽ˶ˡ
Ķֺ٣ܹǷ켫ֻǷëǡ
˫ǲݵĴУ
ɲ
ƷԽâҲֱһ̤Ȫ̤̤
Ʒһ̤һŻһУֹ⻯ĽֱӾͱȳ˸飬һŻĿֲƣһӾͼ̤׶ϡ
أ
׶̤˳ȥ֮кֲ˼飬ʱף֮ǰƷûȫ˫Ĳ̫ˡ
ȴһͷ­˳ȥ


1534 Ԯ
һͷѾǽᵤڵ֮ĳƷҲֻһ֮жѡ
ƷĮĿһһͷᵤĵ׶漴ʬɽͼĿռ֮УӪ
Ȼ˾ֱһݹ⳯ڵķȥ
һʱ֮󣬳ƷڸϵڵΧ
Ϊ߾ʵۣ˵߾֮ΪǿĴڡ
ڵܱߴżܴĳУÿһ֮࣬϶ŻٵĹϵк֮ܶеӵĺˡ
ȻڣЩѾѾΪҽˡ
ĲԫϱڣѪɺӡ
͸һ޴ޱȵĽ磬Ʒڵɽ֮У֪жٵ˾ۼС
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лͨľӢո˵ʱʱľͳ˽磬ȻնɱһЩޡ
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ССڸҵǰֱѰ·
һͷǿޱȵֱվ˳һ޴ޱȵߣһɳĿˡ
ſѪڣȻֱӻһӣ֮еڵĵӿ˵
޳ϴϢ
ʱһֻżеԳһ˾޴ޱȵݺ֮ϣ綼ھҵҡ·һ
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ˣƷҲó֮еڳϺ͵ѾǼΪƣĲĵٶȡ
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סֻҪǾܹɱЩЩϳȥ
ʱһߴ˳һȡ
ƷϵڵϯϣҲƻĺ֮µĵ֣һʵҲѾ˰벽ᵤ
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Ժȷʵĵģ
ƻأƻȥƷ֣ڴ˵Ӧµĵض֮Уȥˣ
ʱһֱסµĿռͻȻһҵıը


1535 ƣǧһ
һ޴ޱȵıըԭǾȻػͻȻʼˡ
ֱüΪȽϵ͵ڵһӱشˡ
ţӵضֱӷӳһɫӰɫӰһӳ˴֮Уɱ䣬Ƭ̼Ĺ򣬾ȻѾɱʮͨĵӡ
ټ֮ǰը˵Щˣһ󳹵ˣתҲ⡣

ţȴڵĴŭɶ֪Ϊʲôص׶֮гʲô⣬ǺʣɫӰǵзѡ
ֱһ׷ɱȥ
ֱһȥǰ벽ᵤĸ֣㲻ǽᵤĴڣʵҲǷͬСɡ
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ȴһɫӰһӻͬһƺȻƬ֮䣬Ѿڴ϶Եһ
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ȴǺɫӰȻһͷͷһ޴ޱȵ˰̣ͬСţһСĺè
ٶ̫ˣ쵽Ѱ˶ûע⵽ĵزѰͨĵǰһһ˲ɱʮ
ڤè㾹Ȼڵض֮УûߣʱڵĴϷŭһһͷͬСţһĺèȫºɫƤë͸һֹĺɫ·һ
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֮ǰŴǿԿᵤڴûˣԽᵤûʤ㣬ͷŰַӾܽɱ⡣

һͷеԳЦȻһ޴ޱȵЩȥֲ˾񳱣һȥ´֮ͳͳҪ
ס֣
ʱµĶ֮УһܻǸϲһ޴ޱȵٶȡ


1536 赭дһƣ£
µĿռ֮УһܻǸ赲һ
ˣˣ
ЩڵĵӶʱԺֻ֮ʣôһͷڽᵤĸ˵Ǵһ
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أ
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ʲôôܣеԳʱΪ֮һ䣬Ǻһר뾡취ƶɵƷеĲƸһ֮С
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أ
һղŵײҪӾ̫ײ˿һͷڤèٶȱҵ˵ϡ
ȻǵһǣղŻڤèֱһˣȻˣǼӲֱӻһѪģࡣ
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1537 ɱᵤ
ڣڹĿ־ðˣ
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ûбıǻҲǳѺۣѪܿγһѪأޱңȫ··ǽѪ֮һ㡣
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ӶʱĺëҪ֪ôδйһǽо־塣
ֱһߵĸо


1538 Σ
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ᵤĸֿĸ֣ڸƵ֮УҲǴڽĸ֡
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1539 µ
һھ޽һ֮ϣɢŵѹԭѹʲôһһϵĹ׸ѾƷɳȥɢһԡ
һҲǲͬѰѰĹ餣ϱ鲼̽ɫ··Ϊӣĺ壬ͬѰֻΪ˺ÿѡ
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ȻͺܳҪͻƵһǧϣҲǷǳѵģҲһǧѣȻҪĶˣҪǧ꣬˶Ѿʮ־ˡ
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һͷﵽǿʲôزֱСڵĳʦɱֻһһѹ
Ʒһϸ˼ֵĸоԽԽǾء
ͻϮӦΪ˽һͷ߰ɣƷ죬Ȼ󿪿˵
ǵĿģΪ˽һͷߣʵҲˣʦҲڵһʱ߾Ԯȴ׼壬ᵤֱַش˵ţ¶˼ҧгݵ顣


1540 ²Ϊ
ˣƷüͷһ壬漴˵ӦԤıˣһʱˣ
Ԥı
쿪˵
ѹʲôƷʵܹ⣬ӦòѰɣ
ȷʵѰʵϣѾܾˣЩҲʧˣҡҡͷ˵Ψһ֪ǣһͷʮ˲ã⣬ﱾ壬ɱ䣬ʦүѹˣ
һֱھڲϼӹ磬ֹͻƣ̾һ˵ǽȴǱһͷˣǽ
ҲֻԼƷ˵ȻѾ˹ˣʲôȻڤè͵Ϯˣ
˵ɵ˵ʵ뽫һѣʦүѾǧŴķǿһסǸһͷ˳ȥͿ̿Ϊ֮ƣΨлһϣ½һͷѹ
ʦү¹гһգһͷ˳ȥͻ֮նɱ
ǵΪΣʱˣ˵ڲһͷˣ޹߾ۿžҪɨ£֪Ϊʲôô
Ʒҡҡͷһͷйϵô
Ǻһͷйϵһͷﱻʦүסô꣬ʵһѪѾʣ޼ˣ仰˵ʹûҲѾˣЩ崦Ļǽһͷȳȥ϶һͷȥǵõ鱨֮УֲóһѪ鸴մһΪ˲õ󷨣Ǵ֮ˣҲܹԸգ
һ⣬ҪȻʵԽǿôҪľѪҲԽ࣬Щɱ¾ˣ󶼻ΪѪ鸴մṩֹĻκ¶Ҫ¾
ΪˣҲָ˭֪Ϊؼʱȴڤè͵Ϯһ񣡡
̾һ˵
ԭѹЩ޴ɱ¾ˣ
Ʒ˵ͷǴ㹥ݴκĻõİ취Ӧٶֱӹݴκ۶ĻκȺף޷Ч֯صľӣǸʱ򣬴κҲֻʱˡ
ƷЩǲΪЩ֮Уʵкܶ඼ǳߵģս˼ά
Щûɲ
Щֱӷɢ߾ɱ䣬ȴûмͻƴκķߣֱƵ۶
ԭƷЩ֣û뵽ȻԵɡ
ʣʱ䲻ˣ߾ѾɱĲˣһЩӳȥ֮⣬ҲֻݵʮˣҲζţһͷ㲻ȫָҲָܹһˣȵȫָ¶Ҫڣ˵ţվȻųƷϹһѾʧˣˣһʱҲûа취ȫָ㻽ֻҲ޷ؾ棬²ȫڳʦһ֮ˣ
ƷأóµѾԭеĽ٣²Ϊ
Ȼ㶼ô˵ˣҲ岻ݴǣڵ֮ƷֱӵҪۻʹĻҪ֮ʱ¾Ͳˣ
ʦ뾡ְɣΪѹһͷģʹ˵Դʦү֮һһѾûܹʹˣǴԼѪܣǳʦ㲻һδǾǳԲССĳҲûҲûйʦү˼ʦţҲᷴԵģ
뿴²ϣʦˣصľһȻ˵
ȻˣҾͲˣƷ˵ͷ˵ֻѾ˿Ҫ޷صĵزȷʵҪ
̫ˣϰѻѺͼ֮߳ʦæ˵
˵ţæͶ֮ƳһƷԺ֮С
ʱӵĻʽͼ֮Ѿ˳ƷԺ֮С
ƷԺ֮е΢΢˸ŹâƬ֮䣬ƷѾеְ׼ּ


1541 
ƷһӾ׼ʼѯ˼ûУûдһ£춼һæ˵ʦһô
ˣѾѧˣҪ
Ʒҡҡͷ˵
ƷĻ춼ǺĹǺû뵽ƷĻش𣬾ȻѾȫˡ
Ҫ֪ĻѺͼķǷǳĸӵģѧһ֮ãаܹ
ҲеĴ֮һ
ڳƷô¾Ѿѧˣ
ôţǿƷӣҲǿЦҲ֪ƷԲ鿪Ц
Ҳֻ˵һߣųƷʼӡ
ϵóǻʽ
һһӡ˳ƷڼΪӴķ˳һΪ˵ٶӿ֮Уԭڹ֮ϵҲʼ˼Ϊ貵ĹâƷķ໥Ӧ
Ȼѧˣ
첻˼ĿųƷֱǼ˹һƷȻѧ˻ѵַʱ򣬼ֱ챻ˡ
ǺεȾ˵ѧһ²аգڳƷôһСѾаˡ
ƷͣŶʮѾµһˣʮʱ򣬲Ųͨľ磬֮Ȼӹɡ
ϣɣ
֪ƷѾǳģټеʵļ䣬ֻѵʽмַͷǳ˽⣬̣ԶԶܹõġ
վһߵĸ߶ȸַּݽ겣Ȼͬ졣
ųƷķϵȥ֮вɢǿѹһһͷ˳ƷķȻγ˹һֹϵѹͷ˳
˯˲֪꣬ڣųƷĻѶʼѡ
ƷҲѾУѾ֪
ڳƷԺ֮Уƾճһھ޴ޱȵľ޽
һ˳ƷԺ֮У˭ںң
Ʒ֪Ľ
ƷϼӴԼķУŷӵӡƷķͷųγ˷籩
ڳƷ߲Զˣ֮˸Ų˼飬Ҫ֪㻨һһҹʱ䣬ڻѵز
ƷǸոտʼƬ̶ѣѾյزۿžҪˡ
òϣϣȷʵνźӹţ
ӹţţǰƷţ
ˣ˲ܺΪûбҪ
ֹһʱһɺȻֱʣʱ˶ˣһǧɳʮɿĽ˺˲񷡣
ˣ
ھҵĶ˶ܹоڵĵػھҵĶ
һѾҵһֿµľ磡
ΧЩ޼һ˵ٶˣ·Ǹоһ㡣
ЩĸҲ׷ɫˣɵˣһʵ̫ˡ
һ±һ£Ҳ·һ˲ͱش
˵նˣҲһ³
ǸطֽĪǴ˵еôһڵĵĿɿڴĿǰһĻֱͬ˹һ
һͬһ㣡
֮УʵҲûм˾ļǵ˳λãȻزȴҲһ֪
ǻ֪һ񽣵ĴڵģǵʱҪҲĴڡ
ֻ˯˶꣬Ǹûѵӣ
˸оһĿ½â𽥵Ŀʼˣһڱ˿סһ
⣬ĪѾôǲµʲôһϲӵ˵
ӸղžѾɼһˣȷʵͬ죬ֻһȥʲôնо·һһɨǳǧȥ
֮Ȼ˵
֮һâȫϨˣȴһӰ·˳ֳһڹӵıһ˲ڵ죬ǳƷ
ʱһƬȻ󲨣
ǽǿҲ˳˫Ҳսڣһ
Щ뵽ˣֻľƷµһ֣ڱشӺʡ


1542 Խ
Ʒһ֮УԴԴпֲڷڣǱƷǿѹסˡ
¾ǵУƷص뵽һʼʱΪԼѾ⿪ķӡ
ǵȵȫ֮󣬲ŷ֣Ǹոս⿪ĵһӡ
˵ȻмķţʵҲֻܹ⿪һķӡ
ǼǸոս⿪˵һķӡѣѾﵽ˼Ʒĳ̶ȡ
Ҫ֪ǳԽ˽ᵤĽ𵤾ĸ֣ҲֻƷѣ˶УڼƷǶѾԽ˵Ĵڲܹӵе˵ġ
֪жôĿ£
ǽ˵һѣȻмƷƷп˵һֻһӡѣˣһ½ﵽһʮ־˵ĵز
ͬʱԿ϶һֻ²˵ģǴ˷ģΪֻѾԽ˴˷ܹļޡ
һطˮƽ͵ˮƽˮƽϢϢصģܳԽôࡣ
ڳƷǲںЩ飡
ƷֱӸ߸߾еֱһ˳ȥ
¡
һǧɳʮɿĽֱɨ˳ȥֱѹֱ䵽޾޴֮С
汻նһ޴ޱȵӣһ޴ޱȵѷɨ֮С
ɨ˵壬ͳͳɨ𣬿žžˣһжѣ嵱ֱձնܴһƬռֱӱɨˡ
һĿֲڣ˶ĿǰһĻ·Ǽ˲õһ㡣
׼쿴һĻҲɵˣ̲ס˴ֿڣҿ
֪һʮ˲ãҲ벻Ȼôֲһȥֱն죬ͨȫˣûκ
˶䶯ˣƷһǿ˽Χϣ֮ǰоڣϣ
֮Ե֮еĵûһǱɨеĻֻ½ҲòĶȥ
Щˣϴ˵֮УҲһļأǻصʵϣѹǿĸһ
ֻļ̫̫ǰˣǲĹϼزûеģ෴ģʵ
ڲҪܣˣ
Ʒһһһնȥʱ˾Ϳһһɽնģ޾֮С
ը˿һʮͷֱӱնУĲֱ࣬ӵնˡ
ЩԳƷĹҲûܺõĶȥ
ͬҲһѣ
ûЩĴͷΧڵǿ޳ͳͳˣȫȫɢȫˣǷڸ߿֮еӰĪ
̫ˣʦǰ˵ȻſƷɫƺЩס
ʦû°ɣ
Ʒҡҡͷ˵û£ҾǷĵе
ƷڻһǣղŽʮҲķˡ
Ȼʮ־ˣԵǶʹ߱Ҳž޴Ҫ
ǺͿƼ๥ֶεĲͬƼʹöڱʵҪ㡣
ú˵ĻЧԶҪãǶǲڵġ
ƷˣɨЩͨ޲Ǻܺʡ
Ϊʵ̫ˣһﵽһȫµľ磬пܡ
Ҳȷʵǳ⣬ֳնɱֱ͸һ̫ˣ˵ǽᵤǽ𵤾Ҳֵס
ԾĿųƷΪ̫ˣԻӳǿֲĽâ㣬Ļһȥȫͻᱻա
Ҳ˵˵ȼԼʱڻǿĻȫҲֻһѡ
ѾǽᵤľˣƷδᵤȻܹһӳʮ
Ҳ˵ƷķҲʮϣ
⻹ǳƷδᵤѣƷ˽ᵤô˵Ҫʮ
ֱǹ
òпһܱȵϵģ
˱˵Ȼӣ
һƷɫѾָ˺أһӰ˳Ʒǰˣʦʺǧ£ֱӹƱߣѾΧ۶ˣ


1543 ۶޾Ѫ
Ʒԣʱɫһ䣬ʺǳ룬κ󲿷ֵľ߾ķ֮ϡ
ڱ֮Уʣµľܶ࣬ʹ򲻹ʺˣڿ¾͸ʺˡ
ʺǧ£ƽʱ£κ˵Ҳ֣֮˵ڡ
Щʺӣ־ŭȻǰκϵ֮⣬̵֪κˣôƾһܹ֮޿ֻ֧֮¾һ֮֡
ʺڵĸţֻҲǰͲڸɡ
ȻƽʱڿԲκʵϣһپ٣һĹϵ
ʺ
Ʒ˵֮˸źȻĹâ
ԭȴֵȥκڿǲˡ
ȻҾ
Ʒ˵ţı䣬죬߾鷳ȼţʲô֪ͨңȥ˽ʺͷЩ飡
ã
˵ͷ飬ͽˣ㲻õģ
޴ѾȥˣӦöڲˣҲһˡ
ڳƷܲ˽ʺʶ˳Ʒľʵ֮Ѿû˻ɣ˵ƷʵĿ£ټ㹻óƷʵĳһ˵ĵز
ǾͰнһڵĴˣƷ˵
ԣڽʺֻ·˵۶Ŀռ䣬Ӧûа취ֱӴ͹ȥˣ˵ֻѡ͵һǳǱȥˣ
ҲԣƷ˵ͷʺ£Ϊжϵ۶Ԯֻ»ռֹ˴͹ҲĲԣԵ۶ķ̣֮ټԴԴϵдǰ֧ԮڽʺҪǶܡ
Ʒ˾ֱһͨ۹ĴнתƵġ
Ʒֱ̤һβƬ֮Ѿʧԭء
ϣʦ˳ɣ̾һ漴һڳ˵λ޴ȻѾˣǲ̫ɣһЩһǹǾĺĪˣϣҼһ̣һ£ӹ̷ߣѾ߾Ψһһ
⣬ȫ򿪴󣬽Щͨƽߣ۹Ψǰȫˣ˵
ЩƽӦôˣֻ֮ǰڸĿռ䱻޴ˣֶ֮Ҳк衣
ֱӷڸĿռ䣬ʮƽۼڴҲ߲
ǣ
ڳϷ׷׵ͷ˵£ָ֮ӡ
۵ϣʱҲó
ͬʱƷڸоռ֮һ˺֮ǰһѾ˾۶һûбռĳϿա
ʱѾһƬ֮У֣߽ʺǧ£ﲢңԶһ˵۶϶Ҫɨܱߡ
һǳؿ϶ǵһʱͻᱻɨ֮С
û˾õ۶ܹסҲֻʱѣ
£֮˶Ļ̻̣˷Яӳȥ
۹һƬĩһķΧ֮УǶڵ۹ΪĵˣʱҲûʲôˡ
Ű壬ǵ۹нʺǲƥеǿ˫֣ڵ۹˵Ѿĩˡ
ƷҲһо۵ףҲûʱȥЩ̤Ŷݹ⣬ֱŵ۶ķȥ
Ƭ֮䣬ƷѾ˵۶Χˣ޾ͬ޾һ۶Χס
ǵأοǧˣڽʺ˵ȫԱʲôͨˣֻһͨҲĺ֡
۶ΧǳͶˣĴׯѪ֮УǧŰ
Ű߾˵ʱ۶ΧҲòĶȥ
˵Ѫ֮УǷ𷴿ǧﻹûκôˣС˱ɱŮ˱ߣ衣

Ʒ֮˸ź˵ɱ⣬һĻụ֪̆ڲǹЩʱ
ֱ˵۶ķ
ʲôˣɱ
ոտ۶ķȦ֮УʱƷͱΧסǧڿУƷС
Ϊ׵ľȻһ벽ĸ֣ƷҪƷնɱ
ȴֻһâǧڣͳͳձնһѪ


1544 ɱ¾ս
Щʺʿû뵽Ȼô׵һһˡ
ЩΧĶǽʺľʿԴκصԮ
һѰľǧ˶δܹڶʱڱͻƣֻϧǳƷ
Ʒֳһͽǧնޡ
ųƷֱ̤Ŷݹ⣬ŵ۶ķȥ
ƷҲûԼ٣νƺƴ󣬼Ͼǧע⡣
Ʒ̫޼ɵˣʱʱƷӳһһĽâ֮ͬһһǧɵĽǧĽʺﱻƷһɨ
ôĶ֮ǧʺĴ֮УһǿϢųƷ߷˹
ʺǧ£ֳһҹͣΧ۶ʣµһҲȻ޾޾ĸ֡
һһӵľڿնҪƷǽȴֻһԳƷֱӱһնɱ
ƷʱʱĳһЩ˹ľ񲿶ͳͳը˿޷ֵ
ϣɱ
ڽʺӪ֮Уһŭһ㣬ʺӪء
ʱʮǿޱȵϢڶ𣬴޾Ѫɫ񳱡
ʮӰڿտʼѻ֮ԭ׷׸Ľʺ񶼷׷ͣηĿʮ
ΪʮǱģǽʺ֮ΪѪ
ڽʺʿ֮УǾ֮еľһͨı䣬ĲӶԵΰ˽ǧ˽
νǿ֮
ʺ£ҲǶѪǰ·һ·Ѹײڶ֮ƻ˴κӵķΧ۶
ѪƷǰһ֧Цһ
ѪĲһˣҲԵˣֻһԵֶ޾ɱ¾
ʮѪХ֮䣬Ƭ̶ѣѾɱ˳ƷǰʮѪ֮УȻʮ֡
ʺĸ֮࣬ȷʵԶԶ˴κ
ƷֻЦһңס
һЦƷֱӳѪ֮Уеһɨ˳ȥ
ɲǼ䣬ǧɵĽֱϯ˿ͬһɽ˦˳ȥһƷֻǼ򵥵ĿŽɨһȦʱǧɷΧ֮ڵѪ˲ˡ
ǰʮҲǺ⣬Ʒɨеģͳͳըѣûκβ
µʱչʺĸֵǰǸоʲôĿ־塣
֮ǰЩ䱻ƷһնɱҲˣѪ˴Ҳ˲䱻ƣеĵҲͳͳնɱ
ǺεȺ˵飡
ʶˣʲôдɱǴɱ
ֳĳƷͻΪһɱ·
һȥ֮һѪƷɱһľʱѾˣһ㾫񲿶Ҳܹܵɵʧ
Ѫʺľ񲿶ӣʧ޴Ȼ໽ųųƷ˹
˳Ʒ˼
ƷЩɱѪ֮УһɨʱǧѪֱ
֮һܹվŵѪûˣ
ƷǵõѪ㽫˾к˵ټɽͼĿռ䣬һ˿ڽӡ
ڲûйãʮѪ΢һ¶֮ͱնѪ
Ʒûмǰ⼸˵ҲǼģս֮бֳķҪ顣
Ƭ̼ʱ䣬ķѾָ߰˰ˡ
ʮѪҲȻ󲨣ǽʺǴκһо˼飬
Ҫ֪ʮѪսѰ
Ҳ˵Ʒ൱ֻǶ̶ʱ䣬ϰ
ǺεȺ˵飬ǵҲģ
ѰĵʮѪֻһ³ǾĶӡ
СıΧסĻǾ·һ
ʮѪں̵ܶʱ֮ھͽɱ
ǽᵤĸҲδܹӵ˺ã
ʺһ˶ΪʮѪѾˣ˭֪Ƭ֮ͱ¾
ôκĸ֣֮˸˵飬·Ǽ˹һ
˶޷룬κ֮УȻֲĴڣ
ǶŵˣЩɱ¾ΪѪԵĽʺһĻҲǳױɵˡ
֮෴Ǳʿĵ۶ؾһȫΪǶϳˣǴκĹʦƷô
ǹʦʦˣ
оˣ


1545 ƾЩ²
۶ϣؾڶ̶ʱ䣬Ѿȫ֪ˡ
ƷϢһʮʮ٣ʹ۶
ؾ֣е۶֮еľϣ
֮ǰƷϲƷǴʱƷҪ֮ǰΨһĵˡ
ȻҲ֪⿿һҪǧôǲܵ飡
ڵ۶ǽ֮ϣһ׵Ӱ˳Ʒʱϲӣ˲Ǳˣǵ۹ʵκ޼ɡ
ʦͺãͺã
κ޼ɶҪˣΣ֮УƷɱǧ֮иԮΨһϣˡ
λʦˣܿ죬Щʺ֮˶ҪʳҴ
κ޼һȣʱĸ
κ޼εĿԶ޾Ľʺֻоʵ̫ˡ
ǧʲôÿһͻֱ۶һ꣬飬㶼㲻
Ѿˣ˭Ҳû뵽ʺһ˹û˿ԥֱʱ£ǧһӾͻ˴κ򱱷ţֱӱƵ˵۶֮С
۶֮Ȼдκϼӹ̵Ľ磬ǰֹǿȣֻҲǼʱ䣬¾ͻᱻݡ
ڳƷˣ˵۶Ψһϣˣ
ôĵӣƷ
ʱһ޴ŭ
ֻоһ޾ѹɢ˳սֽУһӰеһ㡣
˷ȥȴһ۵ӷ˳
ӰʱʺĴһӺ䶯ˣǧûսͳͳΪǵĴ󺹣ʺΨһĹʺ
ʺݺݵĶųƷ֮гſ̹ǵɱ⣬޲ýƷ˲ɱ
˵ϴڳƷΪһΣܵĿ죬µڳƷϡ
ʱͬʱϰٵӰ˳ЩӰȫǵ֣ǽʺ֮еľ֣һ󣬽ʺΧС
ݣԾǳųƷġ
ʺۺֵ쾡£
ƷһЦ˵ϴε˺ôõͦ죬Ȼʱ˷ˣ
ʱǵ˾κˣκһǽʺһͳͳˡ
˶ϳˣһǽʺʵ˵Ƕ£ǿޱȡ
µһֵͷǰ׷ģ
ȻƷ˵˼Ȼпǽʺ˳ƷǺεȺ˵飡
뱾ˣҹҹţھҪʬΣʺҧгݵ˵֮˸˵ɱ⡣
ɱңƾЩôƷ˵漴üͷһ壬ΪоˣʺϣȻһЩ
Ҫ֪ôǾ߱
ʱشʺʺʱ֮ڶӦݷ˲Ŷԣڽʺǵһƾӣ۷塣
ڳƷһҲˣǺйϵ
˲䣬ƷʲôˣѹͽʺôĬܴκʺϺõһ£ǧɨ۳ҡ
˫ҪϷִκǰࡣ
˫ʹʲôЭ飬ʺϵƣܿܵõİ
嵱ȻҲ˲ǵĿֻºܼ򵥣ΪýʺסκӶǿԴݵ¾κڵ壬һͷ
ʯ֮䣬ƷҲͶˣ
뵽Ʒʺ֮ת˾Եɱ⡣
һЩ߹ѣٶҲģ
֮ǰҴĸһܣѵ㶼ô
ƷĻʱýʺûðɣ˵ȼ˳Ʒ׷ǵõطİڿ»һһĶӲ˿ڡ
ͳƷ²Ĳ࣬ʺȷʵǺ֣
ҪʺסκľĺôƻָҲֻһѡ
ĺô
ҪҲҰĲҪһ̵κǸʱ򣬽ʺʵҲǣһΣҲԲǽʺĶ֡
ʱʺһͳ磬֮е壬Ҳ˿塣
Ĵǲֻ໥öѡ
ڱƷҴ˰̣ԭѹסŭ˲̲סͬɽ緢һıˡ
ɱҪ֮أ


1546 һն
ʺ˲䱬ˣ˺һͷŭʨһ㣡
ϰٵɴһĥһ㣬ųƷΧ˹
ÿһ𵤾ֵķɢɽХһŰ
һֲĴ󣬽ƷΧסԴ֮ǵصĳųƷѹ
ƾЩˣƷһĨЦȻȴ˽ֱӲȳһֱӻһ硣
죡
죡
죡
Ƭ֮䣬Ѿһ𵤾ֵǰ
Ʒе͵һնȥҲûʲôնֻͨͨһֻһѡ
ͣ
ָûзӦֱӾͱһն룬ϵĻڼףͺֽһֱһи
ķѾһ׵ĵز쳣
ʱ򣬳ƷȴѾʧԭأٶȳ֣Ѿһǰ
Ҳ˿û뵽ƷȻôͻȻĳǰϵΰƷһ׾ٵĸն˿
ͣ
һֱֱնɱ
һµɱ¾չˣеĵֶ벻ƷȻѡֶƾ֡
ûҪӲ˼Ǵת֮ȻûܹӳƷĽŲ
Ҫ֪תΧеӦøо֮ɬˣ̶һ㡣
˵Ǵ粽Ужѣ
Ʒͬûһ˿һӰ쵽ӣβϵԾ˶ûа취׽ƷӰ
˶֪ƷǸ󷨵ܣȷʵӰ죬ǼˣٶҲޱ֮죡
Ƕ̶Ƭ֮䣬ѾƷնɱʮ֣Ҫһ֮Ƭ
һô࣬Ҳҡҡ׹
һԶڿһĻĽʺɫһӱˣϰٵ֣ʵǽʺģҲǿĻš
Щƽʱڽʺ֮УѰ˵ж޷ǡ
֮ǰһ˴Ҵ׷ȥûдЩţƷҲ֪ʺһֲ֧ĸŵı
һ֧žͬκĹһƽʱе鶼֣Ҳȥս
ֻе˽ʺ⵽Σյʱ򣬲Ż֣
ڣһ֧赲ĸţƬ֮Ѿ¾֮һˡ
ǺεȺ˵Чʣ
ȫסն
ʱ򣬽ʺ̲סˣŭɶ
óƷɱ¾ȥֻƬ֮ͻᱻɱˣ
ʱЩǷ׷׾һסƣղűƷͬһ¾Ŀ־Ҳɢһա
޵еĽʺҪˣ
ҪľסƷͿˣ
סңƾǣƷЦһһӷǰֱӳ嵽Щ֮еġ
룬óѣ
ʱЩ֮Уһֱӱˣڽᵤʵ
ʺ֮УԶԶֻôᵤĸ֣֪ʵ֮ȷʵԶԶȴʹκǿĶˡ
ᵤ֣κ֮У˳Ʒ㣬Ҳֻдκ֮еһϹ죬ƻѡ
ڽʺƷ׵ľӦǵˣ

һȣƱǣɽһ㡣
³Ʒȴ£һᵤΪ˵֮󣬽Կȥã
˫ֹ⻬˫ȭֱӺʱȭһ㣬ֱ˺ѿ˳գ˲˳Ʒǰ
С
ƷЦһֱӷֱһƾͽһȭˡ
ôܣ
ᵤߵɴ۾ȫȫ޷ţǼ˹һ
Լȫ֣ƽһǳأǳƷȻ־ͽԼĹˣ֪ƷĹжôľˡ
ǳƷôᣬôô˵Ĺ
ǳƷûиǵʱ䣡
˲Ѿ˽ᵤߵǰ
ƷɫȻһն
ֻǼ򵥵һȴԵ÷Ŀ£˺ѳ롣
ܣɱң
ŭ˫ȭһɲǼ䣬ӭһڼ򵥵նĳϡ
ǼɲǼ䣬ͱƷ˿
ͣ
Ҳն룬ҲûʲôֱĻڼױֱһնϣֽһ㣬һ
ʬ廹δ£ֱӱƷץɽͼĿռ䡣
֣һ֮


1547 ʺѣ
սһļž
˶ɵɵĿųƷǸţҲǱɵһ
ǿǸŵųһĸ֣
ĸ֣ǿΣҲܹ赲סƷʵȴƷһˣ
ÿµһ
Ŀɿڴ˵Ǵδִ򷨣ƷǸκˣֻʽѡ
Ǿֿƽƽʽ޷Ǿһ׼ݶѣȻ֮
÷Ľ鵤ǽᵤķǰֱֽһ㣡
˶ˣƷеһڱȷʵȫͬ
ϾûгƷӳֵķ£ƾܹܣûһ˿һ󣬵˶֪һڱԲѰı
ԷͬѰ

ʱʺѾӶ˺һɽһɨ˹ֱӳųƷѹȥ
жһѪɫĳììһһ㣬ſѪڣҪƷֱͱһԴ
ƷҲֻǷֱһնȥ

һ޴ޱȵĺײ˽ʺĳì֮ϣʱһ޴ײƴһ˿
ʺĹƱ赲ֱ΢΢Ĳ֮Ȼ飬һû֣Ȼһ㶼˲Ʒ׾ٵĸˡ
̫ˣ̫ˣƷƲһ۽ʺ˵ѵֻӵĳ̶ô̫ʧˣ
ƷĻʱýʺĻðɣ֮ǰƷһЩܹشŹȥ˶ʱ䣬ƷȻֿ˵
ֻӵĳ̶ȣˣ
ƷЦ飬еֱն
ˢ
Ʒ˲Ѿ˽ʺǰֱն˽ʺĺҪĺնϡ

ʺ־ŭ׼֮ǰͺͳƷֹһΣڳƷҲ˽⣬һ֪
һγƷٶȻ죬ȴûͻļޡ
ʺ˺üгìֱӵԼǰ

һһһն˳ì֮ϣƷ赭дһڽʺϣȴоȫڲ
̫ˣʵֻ˵ĻҾȡͷˣ
ųƷһӾ˵ٶֱϯ˹âն˽ʺĲ
νжҪ
𣡡
ʺһ˾ͷ·һͷ˵Ұһأϣֱӱһǿ
ǵģһ֮ϳ˼ΪŨ
һʺ˾޴ı仯忪ʼ˰˫ֱӿʼķǳϸСƬ˫֮ͫҲͫһ㣬Ϊˡ
ϱǳ֮ԭƷһԵ˫Ҳһӻָĸоˡ
ڹؼʱгìȻֱӵ˳Ʒǰ

һ޴ĺȴֻʺһ֮УԭѾǽᵤڵΪһӸ͵˽ᵤ۷塣
ǣʺֽ׶ʵ
ǿֲɢ˿սǧ䡣
˶ֻò
ǴκһҪΪƷڵĽʺ̫ˣ޵Уһ˿ɵǧ
Ʒ㽫״̬Ƴɣ
ʺɳƵĶųƷ˵
֪ӿ¾ǶĹЩֻҲҪˡ
Ͼ֮ǰΣ֮ӣ˰ֻ˶Ҫˡ
Чҵ˻֣
Ⱥ֮Թ
ûлĿԣ
ʱҲ˲ôˣΪͻȻڳƷһ֮£
ֻ֪Ǽ򵥵Ļô˵
˵Ҳûܹ򵥵Ļӵĵز
Իɱᵤĸ֣֮ǰκô˵ţֻڸЦ
ۼ֤ˣⲻڸЦʵ
Ʒȷʵʵ
ʱſƷ޵Цݣиղʵȴĵĳ֡
ƷʵĿģ뽫ԼİƳ
˲˹ƷղһȻ£ĿĲΪɱǽİƳ
ֻǶɱ⣬Ҫѣ
һߣȻǸбӿЦô


1548 Ʒ
Ȼʺ֮УԾԵʵẹλãҲǱ֮ˡ
ǿƷԻܽʺԽЩɱ⣬ҲܳΪʺĺΪƷǽʺ֮ˣ߱Ѫ
˵壡
ı죡
δ˵ĳȴҲ֪
֮ΣѼڴ󺹵λˡ
ܵ۷Ȩ֮Ҫӷζĵģ
ǰƷڶĸԽֻ֮˭֪ˣһ˰Ĺˣ
˰ĹҪͳʺǸܵģ
뵽֮оͱŽĺ⣡
㽫ұƵϣѰ·
ʺҧгݵ˵ݶڲ֪֮ķ쳣ǲӵеݣе
Ѱ·ƷЦһҲ֪ʲôЭ飬£ľǵѣ㻹ҪǧʺҵҪܻŻȥ٣
ôĵӣƾ㣿ʺЦˣǧһӴҲһҪ˱ġ
ĸ֣Ѱȷʵ㱻ѰΧסҲɱһֱ߽߳ӿĥı
ǧһˣ㹻ɱüˡ
ƷȻҪǧֱǳ룬һӣ
ԼȻôһӸƵϣ
뵽ʺŭ̲ס˿
̣
ʺгìһѩֱأìâ˺ѿֱƷ
ڽ˰֮󣬽ʺ˵ʵһΡ
ƷЦһʺӰ˰ӣŵˣ˵ǾͲʲôˡ
ץ˶˽и죬˵ְ˰ӣģֵĶеǡ
е˼е˼̫ʧˣ
ƷЦֱһͬն

޴ĺ޴˳˷սЩӲߵĽʺʿֱӱɨУսﵽ˽ᵤ۷Ŀֲȫ֣½ֻսನ
ҲЩͨıǧıɨˡ
ƷںЩɱ¾ԵĽʺı䣬ȻʺҲں
˳ͬž޴ޱȵĻһײһ
¡¡
ÿһΣ˫ײͬһ㣬һ׵ֱըѿ
ֻ˫֮ϷĽ֣Ѿ޷׽˫սĺۼˡ
ܿ˫ײ֮ײ
ʦ
۶֮У֮ͬһչĳƷ˶ˡ
ΨЩĸֲصĿųƷǲ֪ǽʺǴ˵еµһ֡
ɲǴκһ֣ǹϵһ֣
ƷŶʱ䣬ʱ򣬳ƷȻսѾ˽ᵤƻģΪκһ֡
ĸ֣֮»кܶ࣬Ʒµһֻһβ̵ľ롣
ȻڣƷȻܹµһֽʺһ¡
Ǻεȱ̬Ľٶȣ
뵽ƷʼΪ֪Ҳǰ벽սѣǸʱƷҲѾǾžˣڵѾǾž޵⣬ǸѾһҪľ硣
ʺЩɧʲôǿУֻҪǺ֣ôȻܹˣδܹ뺹Ტۣ˵Ƶˡ
ǵ޵е˵һ޴Ĵ
ǳƷôᣬǽɱƷֻҪƷʱ䣬ȻΪʺΪֲĵˣ
Ʒ̫ˣץ
أ˾ֻһĴЦЦ˲Ǳˣǽʺ
ȴһѪɫĳƳգ֮ϵһӰĽâ֮Уһһֱӵ㵽һӰ֮С
̫ˣ
ʺ˶Ϣ񣬲ҪǽţǴʧɫһĻˣһìȷʵ˳Ʒͬˮкһ䵽˳Ʒϡ
ȻĳƷȴǶҲһìȴ޷˺Ʒֺ
ôܻ
ʺĿɿڴ˵ֱԼһȻ˿޷˵ƷƿƷķ
Ϊһìû֣νǽ߾ȫȻƷȴ˵Ľֱȫ߸ۡ


1549 ϷҲ湻ˣУɱ㣡
֮ǰĲһ
ɷϣƷȷʵⱲΪµĶ֣δôµĶ֣
ƷֱѾһͨĵز򵥵ĽڳƷ϶лΪ
ķͬһ㣬ɲ⣬޾ôãڰ£ЩˣƷȴһ㶼˿õ
ǺεȺ˵Ĺû˿㣡
ٶȸ죬쵽ò߾ȫʱܱնеĵز
òףѾĻץ˳ƷһһìҪƷͱ¾ǽᵤĸֱͱˣһ·һ
ֱӻᱻشûܹܵˣ
ڳƷֱˢۣ֪ԭܹǿĵز
˿˵ľͽеĹ
ٿȥƷϲޱӣ෴ģ¶˼ЦЦ飡
ôʧôƷ΢΢һЦһˣʱҪشˣ˵Ǿ㲻ʲôˡ
ʼսĿ£ʱ򣬲ŲǸոֳѡ
ʱȣҲͲϷˣƷ˵
ʲôϷʺŭɶղȫ֣ƷȻ˵ϷоԼڳƷֱһֻȥĺӡ
ױˣȫڣĳ̶ȸˣ˵ЩڲϵʴһһɱΪ֡
вԸ⶯ãΪ˿ºܿͻ壬ʱȻҲôʱˡ
ڽһܸ֮оԼʵǿ˼֣гìƷһץסˣȻѲ
ɴֱһ䣬ɲǼ䣬Ѿɱ˳ƷǰѾצ˫ۣ͵һӳųƷ˺ѶȥҪƷ˺ѿ
ƾ㣿ƷЦ˲ȭ
Ʒһȭֱӻ˰˵Ӱ˿ϵһ㣬ϡ
һȭϯĿֲȭ⵱˺ѿһУ˲ֱӽʺĹΪС
ƷһȭȥƲֱӴ֮ƳŽʺ˹ȥ
ʺʱҲڷӦ˹оһɿֲѹͷβѹ񷶼ڷ𶯡
ôôǿ
ʺһĻˣһҪ飬ҲԸ־ܣһӴһ˺Ƴ׶仯һһ
Ѿװһ֮У˵ģˣ
ұƵϣҪ
ʺһֱһȭҪͳƷԺ䡣
¡
ȭͷײһ𣬶ʱԲ֮ڵ񷶼ھҵĶɢȥȭ⻯ɵһ˲䲻֪˶ٽʺ
ǴʱѾûע⵽Щȥˣ
˵Ŀⶼ֮ϣ˶һԤУҪʤʱˣ
˶Ŀⶼ˵ϣ
ǽţ˾ֻһҽȻ˾ֻʺҽһ嵹˳ȥѪ֮ϡ
˷֣ʺһֱֱը˿ڸղźͳƷԺʱ򣬳һ
ֱ۶ֱӱ˿
һߣƷһ鶼ûУĳڿ֮з裬Ʈɣ˾Ȼϵսһ㡣
ǿˣҲ¼ˣ
˲ŵһ֪ƷȻô£
˵ղŻֻǳߵĻôڣ˲ӦƷȻܹǿĵز
Ҫ֪Ʒľ绹ʺ˵רޣҲǿز
˵ʺ˰˶֪ԶԶҪǿĶˣ֮󣬽ʺǿо޴
ǳƷӲ˼飡
һȭʺһֱ۸ˣ
Ʒȫڷ棬һǿһ㡣
ȥĽʺһֻŶϱ۵ĵط˵϶ֻȫȫĲ˼顣
ԼһȭȻֱӱƷˣ
ϷҲ湻ˣУɱ㣡
ƷĿŽʺ˵
ս˵Ŀⶼת˳Ʒϣ
ɲǼ䣬Ʒˣһ׵֮УʧΣһΣƷûκαıһ˳̤ɾű䣬Ʒٶ˼¡
˲Ѿ˽ʺǰֱһȭ
ô
ʺһȣſѪڣʱӿųƷϯȥ
ƷҲֱһȭ˷飬һȭֱ䵽˽ʺϡ
أ
ʺһƺߣ˺ݺݵ˳ȥ


1550 նɱʺ˵֮
һȭֱӽʺ˳ȥѪ
ֲľֱ˺ѿһУӿ˽ʺڣֱȫˣѪÿһë֮ӿ֮γһѪꡣ
˿ŵǧʺݺ´δйӵʱ򣬽ȴƷŵˡ
Ʒ̫ǿˣоĽʺԳƷǶ֣
ǵĴ˵ֱ綼̮ˣ
ǴδⱲӻῴĳ
һˣʺ㻹ֶܼãƷһȣȫķڶγ˿µķ籩
Ȫ̤̤
ƷֱһֱӼ̤ȥûиʺзӦʱ䡣
һż̤ʱھҲ޾ĻȪˮݻ˳ǵػ˿ֲĺ˲ѹ˽ʺϡ
ʺӦֱӱһż̤ˣݺݵı䵽˵ϡ
¡
һ޴ĺʺֱҵ˵֮ϣڷԲǧ֮ڵĽʺҲֱɳȥĹͷֱӺĶѵˣֱˡ
ֱӳ˳ƷĻȪ̤ĽʺҲûкõĶȥֻоȫĹͷȫȫѿɢ֮УѪʶҳһ֮УѪѾһѪһ
ۣ
ʺҪֱһѪ˳һΣشˡ
ᵤĸָֻʮ־ˣ֮͸ӾˣּĹ֮£㹻׵ʧȥָˡ
һ˫ϴĿųƷ벻ͨΪʲô֮ǰƷĶ֣Źȥ˶ʱ䣬ƷȻǿز
֮ǰȡɶѣóƷȡɣӵѹʵ
֮ǰֻڸЦѣϷѣ
̶̼оͽˣ
׳ƷʲôֲΪô죡
ǲ룬ȴƷƽȴ쳣ֱӿˣһУ·
ã
ʺһԾҪߣȴƷ֪ʲôʱ򣬾Ȼ̤ǰٶȿ쵽˼ޣᵤĸֶĵزˡ
һ˲䣬ƷѾеһնȥ
ʺҪߣʱڵĹͷˣҪߣܿѣȻֱӱһնС
أŷ֣ԼȻܹԼ壬Դ˳ȥ
ҲģΪʲô
ʺҽһ˾ѾֱӲ
սһļž
˶Ŀ֮ϵĳƷ·Ǽ˹һƷ̫ǿˣʺɱ
ϣɱΪ𣡡
أ֪˭һǧﶼ׷׽ǹת˳Ʒǧͬ飬ĿֲϢס񷣬ա
ʱľΪµģ
еľ־һµʱ򣬽ܹ׵Ŀֲܣ
һᵤĸֱΧУҲ֧Ų˶ãͻᱻֱ˺顣
еĽʺﶼߵĿųƷȻ޷һ˰Ĺ쵼ʺҲǻԴ޶ԡ
˵ĹĶ֮£Щûɢȥ෴ģֱӳųƷɱȥҪƷΧɱ
ãʦΣˣ
ʱڳǽ֮ϣһֱڹעκ޼ɶʱʧɫ˵
ԱߵĳҲʱʧɫǧҪɱһˣģ
Ʒ˸߿֮ϣЩĴܹоˣ·Լ֮Уһ
ǧ˵־춯أܣᵤĸֶҪΪ֮ɫ
ǧ˲ôƷЦһв֪ʲôʱ򣬶һС͵ĵ
С͵˳Ʒϵʱս֮ϣ˶оһּΣյĸоǸ֪ΣմΪ֣ǵֱһҪ׼ȷĶˡ
ܿ죬˵Ŀⶼе˳ƷеǸС͵ĵ
ȻСҲԶԵģ׸ߣƷʵ˵Ҫ׾١
ಣһƿ֮ȴһöųβ棬Ѹײڶ֮Ƴȷ˹ʮѪȥ
¡
һ޴ޱȵĢƻڶսھҵĶĴɱ֮Уͷ˿ڽʺĸ˵ǴδѪȿµֶΡ
ھҵĲĢƴһȦһȦĳ˷ɢĻ棬һС


1551 ǧû
ʮѪ˲ͱһ֮ûǿֲĻһ˲ֱûˣһûʮѪ
񷶼ھҵĲƷĮ֮Уּĺ˵ֻսĺ˵ˣսԼģ¼öǧﶼ˲䱨
˵˵뻹޷ģһЩǿ߻ܹܿȴ޷ֵ
ǵҲһ
ܹﵽһּΪľ磬Ψˣпֵܵ˺˵ĺ
ּĸ֣ڵĳƷܹġ
˵ǧˣǸ޷ֵ
һö˵£ʮѪֱӺûˣһö˵ҲܵӰ죬ֱӱǿ񳱺ɳȥһͷֱӶѣȻûֱҲˡ
⻹ΪЩĺ˵Ǿ˳ʱĸĽ˷ѾˣǼ㵱ܿҲᱻ˷ĥ
ʲô˶ˣΨг΢һ㣬Ϊ˵Ʒ
ҲһеĻ滯һĢƣһУ쳾ˣ֮ⶼܹü
ֻ𶥵Ѱܹӵе˵ģ
ѵǵʦùһʱκ޼ҲһʲôƷǸֵķзڳƷ֮ǰûܹƾһܹ֮ӵĵز
ǳƷˣҲرĹעֻûۼҲ˵
ڵ״ͺͱ˵һģһģ
ǸǷ˵ĺ˵ˣĿ˵Ƿеĵڣ
ȷʵ
һԣǸᵤϻʼҹ˵֮˸žâ
Ķ˵СķĻڵ˲ͿԶԶľ룬Ҳܹһ
ĵĻ㹻ľпȫ㿪
ǲÿһ˶ĸ֣κҲôѣͨ˵Ǹ㲻ġ
Ʒ֮ǰնɱʺʱûжãΪ˵ּĽ֮Уδ𵽰ٷְٵЧ
ֱһһ׼
첻ҴκǧΣܹѵ˶٣κ޼ɹЦ˳Ʒ֮ǰ˵ľʲô˼ˡ
к˵֣ﶼûκ壡
ʱ򣬳Ʒֱٶȳˣһöһö˵ųβɵս
¡¡¡
һ޴ĺض޾ıըУ˱̫ͬһҫ۵Ŀ±ûһУɵĿ³㷭ӿǧ֮ߡ
һһĢƵڶҽһͱֱˣһˮûֱˡ
һƬ˼·˼һ㣡
ڽʺǧ֮Укܶ൤ĸֵģǴʱҲûһ֮ǰΧƷЩĸ֣ϰ˳˱Ʒնɱһ֮⣬ʣµҲ׷ȫ˱ûΪޡ
ں˵ǰֺͨҲûκ
ʮö˵ͬʱը涼ڲڽı֮еĵ۶еҲܹоڲ
ǧ͸˵ˣ˲Ѿɱ߰˰֮ࡣ
ʣµѾɵˣ׷׼ߣǱսΧܹûбֱû
Ҳըನˣֱӿ˺˵ը˲۾һ˲Ϲˣкܶ౻ըĿ紵ģܹĲʮѡ
ǻΧԶĵطƷҲûм˵ĵط
۶֮У˶ĿɿڴĿһĻٿʩʩȻ˷ܵĳƷڿһһ
˵ӿֲܵĳƷʲôͬء
ؾʱκ޼ɸ߸߷ȵʿǣǷʱˣʺѾˣǾͽʺ׸֮ػǴκĸأǴκı޵гײڽ£
ʱ۶֮Уʿԭ˵ܹɱѾˣ˭룬ʱףǶ̶ʱѣǾȻѾŤת˾ƣԭı׷ɱ߱׷ɱߡ
˵ʺڴκ֮ѾԴκɹвȻڽʺȫ£ǧѷĻᣬ޵


1552 ʺ
Ǵκȱǰû飬һҪսκجεĲԭ۹
뵽ֱӷӵǷ׷׳ЩƷڵصĽʺ׷ɱȥ
ʣµʮʺﻹӣҪӻرԭ
һ·µʱ쳣˳ǵ±ʱȴ˵
ϰ۶֮פľչβ׷ɱ
˶֪ʮܹӻȥģֻʮһ
Ȼڽʺ˵鷳ǸոտʼѣûǧֵıӻǿĲԭ۹Ҳһ˲
˵Ǻ֮ǵĴκǴֻڵõϢ֮ҲһʱԽʺ֡
ǿʢޱȵĲԭ۹»һҹ֮͸Ҳֻʱѣ
Ʒŵ۶֮зӵϰβ׷ɱĴɵһӽ쿪ʼʺѾջƻˣи֮գ
¾ʺҲû뵽ԭκģȴʺˡ
۹ӽֻ¾Ǵκʹ˫Եľˣ
ΪնݳκʹҲܷŹЩʺѡ
ʣµҲͲҪˣ
Ʒ˶ݹ⣬˳ͷ֮ϣһ߳æӭ˷ܵĶԳƷ˵磬̫ˣû뵽˵ô
ţ˵һ֮·ĲƷû϶˵ʲô
ʦһǶˣȻǿȫҪ֮أ
κ޼æǰ˵ϴ˷ܵ飬һǰδе˷֮С
Ǿκ̫涼û飬ˣǿĽʺӽԺʷϻμ飬书ǿʢԶ̫档
漴Ͱе˷ܣֿʵʦ֪Ǳˣ
Ʒֱ˵ǱȷʵҲ⵽֣һΣ岻ǵͽʺᵽһ𣬲Ѿʱˣ˵۶Χæôȸϻˣ
ԭˣû¾ͺãû¾ͺã
κ޼ɵ˵ͷ
Ʒ漴ֽ֪һЩ߸κ޼ɣκ޼ԽԽأиղ˷ܵ顣
ԱߣǻʼϹޱѿ˵Իҵĵ伮֪֮֮ȷʵѹһͷֻû뵽ĿȻһͷǵĵʵ̫ˣ
ĻͿ϶ͼСκ޼صĵ˵ͷѾȫ߻˽ʺܿǾͿԽ߾Ӧò֮ǰôˣ
Ʒ˵ͷ˵ű鷳ˣһǲģҪǰһˣǵ׸ʲôԲǽһͷˣĻӦú룡
ڳƷЩϧǧɱ֮лΪУֿ֣ǲ
µ񣬳ƷҲûа취ϾƷԲʺ´κ۶
Ʒܿκ޼ɸˣΣû˴ΧƷֱӿʹô˲Ѿ͵֮С
ʱ֮УһֱڵȴϢ쿴˳Ʒڴ֮Уʱǰʦôˣ۶ˣ
ƷʺѾˣǧֻʮ߾ˣܹӳȥĲ࣬ܵ˵ʺˣ
ʱһƷĻУϢʵ̫ˣݺ£˴κʹޱȴѹĽʺȻô˵ûûˡ
ܹĳǧֻʣʮ򣬿ƺּܶ࣬Ĺս֮УһС˻ѣ㲻ʲô
ʺҲˣټ֮ǰѾھǽʺ߲㱻һ򾡡
£ȷʵѾʺˣ
ɵһ漴޵ҧгݵ˵ãǳû٣ֻأĹ˭
ӵе˵ӦĻ֪жôʹ޳ûٵĽʺˡ
Ѿ˽ʺˣҪ飡Ʒֱ˵ò˶ã͢ͻǲնɱ߾ҵ壬ҲԳְ͢նɱЩ壡
û⣬ѾȺܾˣƻĦȭƵ˵ȻЩ壬Ȼǿ󣬵Ҳֻһţǵأ޾壬ȴҲ޲ߣΨг֣͢ɶԸ
ҾȸˣҵҪڸʲô


1553 Ǳ
֮ϣһ˸ȴûзκϸһԿǵ˸˲䣬һӰ̤ϡ
Ų⣬ƷУƷҲûȫ졣
߿֮ХټϳƷĳٶȣЩɱˡ
ڳƷ˵Ϊ
Ȼδʩչֻ֮Ѱ״̬£ƷٶȾѾ硣
ı˫ֱ󣬺еĽһ㡣
۵糸֮䣬Ѿ뿪߾֮У
һ̤أǴã棬Ũ֮γ˺ơ
ΪҲʺ棡
˵ãǶ˵ֱ˼մȾһЩͻͬжһʴĸɸɾ
ڳƷ˵Ȼ㲻ʲô˻ʼս֮󣬳Ʒ൱ھһΣ㽫ЩֱɽȥκβֺΪֱӻΪԼܹʹõ
ԼһֶܼɻصأҲˮ
ƷոշУʱһȺһȺķֱӳ˹ƷҲֱƾЩײ
Щڴ֮ǰȫϱ˺ѳ˷顣
εĽʱڳƷ־֮Ի˳ֱӺֱײǰ޷׷ը˿һһŵѪ
Ʒôһ·¾һ߳ȥ
һ·ʱʱҲ֣ǼǵҲǳƷĶ֣Ҳһѡ
Խǿ˵ĺģƷͷ֣ЩҲԽԽ࣬飬ƷΧסƾƷնɱһһ
ն֮ɱ֮
ܿ죬Ʒ͸ı⣬ȻЩ޶˵ʲôЩҪҲܵģĻظΧ֮Уսҹߡ
ЩȴƷٶȣı˷ֱϵϢ
ڻʼս֮У֪жϢķţиһţΪǧķţϢܹȫģ£ָϢ
ҲǻʾԼģǴһ˵ϵõģǸһǧķţ֪ƭ˶ˣ֪ٴ
ƷԺ֮лǧķţİ֮£Ƭ֮䣬Ѿ׽ϢڸȥΪϢ
Ȼһģ޾֮УҲôˡ
Ȼģ֮УкܶͱģⲢ֡
ƷֱǱ֮У˷ǳӴ󣬲漴ƷͿһĿѵĳһȺһȺЮһȺһȺ೯ȥ
Щһʧȥʶǻһ㣬ͽ
ƷзŭȴûбѣΪҪЩ嵽ڸʲô
Ǳһͷֹ֣һȺ峯ȥ
̶ʱ䣬ǧ屻˹ȥ
ƷЩأԭΪЩ޴߾еľ񶼱Щ޸ˡ
ڿȴ»кܴһֲûбͨ޸ˣǱˡ
ͼСƷ⣬Щ˵ʲôǺʣöԷóѣ
Ʒ˳Щķһ·ȥΪƷʩչǧķţģϢټԼصĺãһֱûб˷ֱ֣ԶԶ׹һȺ塣
ЩȻһ㶼ûзǵһ˾ڸš
֮󣬳Ʒ˵ĺڣ˵е֮
ԽǿҲԽһǿ˲̾С
ӡƷһ޴ޱȵѪɫѪɫӳϰ޾
һѪɫ·̸һ֮ܲϡ
ЩѪɫ·󣬳ƷһƬһţٱ͹౻͵˴ıϡ
УĸŹŹֵӡЩ˵ľѪ֮г˳Ȼӡ˴֮С
Щͨڻ֮˲侪ѣҽһȫľѪѾ˴֮ˡ
Ƭ֮䣬˾Ѿ¾ͳͳ


1554 Ѫ鸴մ

ƷԶľͿʲôʱŭգϵʱͨѾȫ˴֮ˡ
һϾղΪ̽ҲֻԶԶĵ
ʲôˣϰһϰȫǾ񣬾ȻȫͨΪ׵ľȻһ֡
ղž鵤ͻȻ֣óƷֲûܽ˾¡
Ȼֻ鵤ѣǼˣҲƵǸ߶ݻˡ
ϰ巴Ӧȴһâһ˲ǸնƬ
ֱӵѪ֮У֮ǰͨľѪȻǵ֮ܵʲôǿһϵľѪҲ˲ͱһ˸⣬˸ʬ
󲻷廹壬ֻҪǾѪͳͳˣ
ƷޱȵĮʣӦþᵽѪ鸴մˣ
ʱѾȫˣЩ°ͨΪʲôˣĿģӦþΪѪ鸴մ
Ѫ鸴մת֮Уܹоһģǿѹɢ֮С
Ѫ鸴մΪ˶ģʲôƣܹ޸ͬҲʮ־˵ģ˵͡
ѪѪ֮Ũĳ̶ȣǧ˱С
ԶԶĳƷܹܶݵԱߣֱſѪڣȻ֫ͱ˳Ѫ鸴մ֮С
ƷȫˣͻȻ֣ʱ⣬ԤıģͻȻشƻĺ졣
ǱѪ鸴մ֮ϣֻѾˣҪ¾࣬ľѪѪ鸴մ
ϾѪ鸴մҪתֻһ취Ǿ޾龫ѪΪ죬ɱ壬Ǿֻһ취ɱˡ
Ʒ붼룬Щ϶ѡɱɱ
뵽ƷĮ漴һȣıһ͵һӷӭǣɲǼ䣬Ѿǧɳ
ƣԲ
Ʒһ£ֱնһԲĽ⾳⾳Ľ⣬˺ѿһУҲһС
¡
ھҵĲڳƷĽâҪ䵽֮ϵʱ򣬴ϷĽͻȻԶˣֵס˳Ʒһ
¡¡¡
һ£ǽᵤĸҲᱻһնɱƷ߶
ȻˣȻûа취󷨣
õжôǿ
Ʒ΢΢ղһȻκβѪ鸴մ
ҪҵۣӲƣֻҶʱûа취ģƷʱ뵽ˣʱΨҵѪ鸴մۣп
Ѫ鸴մѾǧ˵ľѪԩ꣬һǶôӴ
󷨵۵һʱ򣬾ΪµģֳĳƷҪƿѡ
Ʒܹоһķɣ޾ڳƷǱŰɱͨ껯ɵԹ顣
ʱѾʧȥ־ֻṥһеƻļһ
ƷһʱߵЩԹֱӻΪޣЩ궼㲻ˣһЩԹѡ
壬ҪѪծѪ
Ʒ˵뵽֮е̣̣ͬӲ̵ֶɱ塣
ƷһնȥɵĶҲʵ̫ˣ֮ǰܹǱڼ̾;е塣
֣淨ּҵǸֵУʬΣ
һ޴Ĵ󷨵һߴֱɧ
Щ˵˵ĸأҲϳ֮еϳȻ˹ˣʣôҲֶѡ
ϵľһ䶯
ƷûзϣֻӴޱȵĴ
ҪҵѪ鸴մ۲ףΪִ൱ԣ۶ڲϵı任УΨʦпͨʱѰҵ۵λãҵеĹɡ
ƷȻ󷨴ʦǴʱȴɢһĹâʱǰޱ޼ʵĴ֮ϣݲϵǰƮ
ͺĴ֮һڷٵļ֮С
ûãƷʱǰһҵˣ
ǰѪ鸴մûܣһж֮У۵λãҲС
ǾڴʱԶһǿڽӽ


1555 𵤾
ڳƷҵ۵ͬʱԶһһʮ־˵ٶڿ
Ҫ֪ղųƷǾ˵һȻûƿѪ󣬵ҲڵһʱͽפѪΧˡ
淨ּҵߣɱ⣡
ͣնɱߣ
һѪ鸴մ֮ϴһǿϢȫǵصѰҡ
Ʒ΢΢Щأ˶һֱݷУжʵû˽⡣
кܶ˻Ϊ֮໥ɱʵӦúõ
ʵϸӵģγǱȽҲһҪѵĶ࣬ǵձ鶼ʮ֮ࡣ
кܶǴκ֮Ѿˣκ֮ЩӢͶѾˣɴȫĵ߱Ŀֲʵ
һһۻﵽһ־׵ĵز
ϸ棬ƽʱʱ໥ƽʱڶҲƵ˸ֵһֱǺܿ졣
̶ֶʱɱԵǼǸܵ顣
˴ʱڳƷǰչֳ
ǳƷܹģΧģϰλĵ֣ټٰ벽ĸ֡
ݣ磬
ⲻֻһֶѣ
һˣǽʺΪ˽ᵤ۷ĸ֣¶Ҫ
Ķ鿹⣡
ԵǳƷڳƷ˵ʱֻޱɱڷڣ
ʲôĴ㣬Ƕ׵׵ļŭˣ
ƷĿԶΧӰ
ҾҪɱ䣬ɱ˵Ϊֹȥǧ飡
ΪѪֶΣǧΪۡ
ҵˣ
˴һȴһͷǿޱȵͬһͷ˳ëţ˳ƷǰͬһСɽһ㣬ſѪڣоǼݣѪ֮
ֱһڳųƷҧȥ
ƷЦһֱһȥ
أ
һͷ޴ޱȵţƷһУǾ޴Сɽһը˿
һͷֱӱ˲ĵը˿
ʱз˹ϢΪ֮һͣ漴ɵƲ֮У˸һһϣͷۣʬΣľѪѪ鸴մ󣡡
Ļ䣬ϰٵٰ벽ַͨ׷׷˹ȻȲʺǧʵϣɵĿֲҲ˿ġ
ͳͳң
Ʒһ޴ıϣų˱ǿĹâΪɫ֮Уһ޴ޱȵ̫˺ѿһС
Χ޾ѹǿϢֱϯһǿޱȵĽâɨ
أ
أ
أ
âٶ̫ˣΧǹ󣬼˲ͽЩٶȱȽϿɱɨˡ
𣡡
޴Щ弸˲ͱɨˣ׷ը˿â֮ͨǰ벽ǵ壬ͳͳը˿
һȥжʮǿĵƷն
Ϊѹƣʱ佣âǿһĵز
ȻĹԶԶǽֻǸոտʼѣ
һһĽâͬƺڰ磬˺ѿһУһУЩոճɱ֮С
ʱͬһöһöޱȵըըһһЩֵձն޷赲
ʮâɨϰٵٰ֣벽ĸ֣ͨ壬Ѿͳͳ˳ƷĽ֮£
һնʮâƷɫҲ΢΢Щ԰ףʵ̫ˣ
Ȼ˵ʹ߱ҪҲʵ̫ˣ
أڳƷץʱָʱһޱȵϢֱ̩ͬɽѹһ㣬ųƷѹ
һӿµӰѪֱӷ˳һĸ֣ǿֲϢͷųռ䶼ˡ
𵤾ĸ֣
ʱƷɫ΢΢Щˣǽ𵤾ĸ֣ڽֵ֮ϵĴڡ
ǿʺͶĹۻͬĸ֮Уռơ
˵ʱһĸ־ҪԶȳƷǿˣ
࣬㾹Ȼɱô֣Ҫ


1556 һ죬ش
һӰܻķ˹ӴϢͬһ㳯ųƷϯ˹ȥ
ƷܹоΧĿˣ֮еĸо
һͷľ
ܿ죬һӰŨ֮ϣһѪɫӣΪ¡
ƷһֱԶž޸˵ĸо
ԭƷҲϣܹоǰһͷжôĿ£
࣬˵ɣô
ͳ֮仯ը
𵤾֮ʲôʱôǿĸˣ˵Ǹʲô棿Ʒ֮ϵһ۾ֱӿ˵
Խ𵤾Ʒǳļɵȴ¡
뵽֮ǰ˵ģ˵ڶر߾壬Ȼ֮̽鵽ʲô֮еأһЩȴ֪ġ
֮УЩǿĵ֮⣬һ˵һʵΪǿɲ⡣
һĪ⣬ų棬û֪ʲôˡ
˺ų֮Ϊֲĸ֣Щѱ˵ʱҲ
֮еĵλžͺƻǰڴκ֮еĵλ࣬ǿ󣬳Ȼ
û뵽ССȻ֪ҵĴڣҾ˵
һ˫޴ޱȵѪɫ۾ζһ£ǹ֮дһͳޱȵ
࣬˵ɣô
˵˵
أͻȻ˲ԣǰĳƷϵϢһ˵ٶǿڸղնʮ֮󣬳Ʒϵķһա
һֵķ˵޾ͬģһյĻҪ벹ȻҲûôˡ
ǰĳƷȫ֪Ҳû̷ʲôظĵҩǾ̵ʱ֮ڣֱӾָ˸߰˰ˡ
ʱ䣿
˵Ҳͬսλ᲻׳ƷСϷѣ֮͸¶ŭںƷôʱָϾѾ͸˳Ʒʵֻһ鵤۷߶ѣᵤǡ
ܹʲôвأ
ǣԼȻôһɶƭˣֱܴ裡
Ҿʱ䣡
ڵķһ˵ٶڻָʼսټ׵ǿʣʱֵ쾡¡
ֽ棬ֻǶһͷܵһսʤ˵֮ˣһս۵ʤ
࣬Ϊʱôһ֮¶һž޴ޱȵѪڣ˵¶˼ֲмЦݣʮֵ
ƭңһҪʬΣ֮أ
һ֮Уֱһֻ޴ޱȵצӣһֻ޴ޱȵצϱ鲼ɫƬ˵̣ʮֵĿ¡
һֻצѸײڶ֮˲Ѿץ˳Ʒǰˡ
ٶ̫ˣ
磬һ˲䣬ҪƷץ
һ˲䣬ƷҲͬʱˣȫķͬһ㱬˳ֱȫ֮С
̣
ϱǿҵĽ⣬ͬһĨ˺ѿ˺ڰ˲Ѿ˺һС
Ʒ˫ս˳͵һӿƽâնȥ
أ
âնһУ䵽һֻצ֮ϣһֻצֱձն鿪ѿһѪ
һâŲǸոտʼѣɲǼ䣬˳һֻצնȥնһźɫ۶ɵƲ㡣

һâն˺ɫ֮еʱһ޴ޱȵĲҽд˳ţѪ罦䵽Ѫ鸴մ֮ϣͬһѪһ
Ѫ鸴մڷٵһѪ꣬𵤾ֵľѪԶһྫѪҪõĶˣֵϼʮͨࡣ
㾹Ȼң
һźɫ֮Уһ˫Ѫɫ۾ϴŭɶһ𶯲񷣬·Ҫؼһж˺ˡ
Ҫɱ㣡
˵ȫû뵽ԼȻᱻ˵ʱ־ŭ
Ͽ񱩿ҵڳ׷ӿ˺һУɿµ
Ѫ鸴մϷƷɫޱȲ԰ףղһˣͬģҲոջָ۷ķһգ߲١
ɱңն㣡
ƷһȻûһǰķǴʱѪڷӿͬǿ


1557 
Ʒ䣬˵ֱɱһźɫ֮Уһȭ
Ѫڷӿ
ʱķѾĴˣǲͻ־ܣ
һ˵ˣǶڳƷ˵һĴսҲδػ٣
Ʒɱ֮УһȭֱӺ˳ȥ
أ
ƷһȭֱӺ䵽ʲôʵ壬һźɫƾͱƷˣƷڿһźɫ֮ʲô
ȴһͷɫƬԳԳﳤĸߴԼĪôߣɫƬǣƬĽڵϻẉ̂һ˫۾ͨ죬ޱ
һף˵Ʒûмֵȼ
˳Ʒڵ֮Уֻ¸ûκܹƥУ
ֻʱؿڵλöһ޴ޱȵ˿ѷ죬Ǹղű˵ƣ˿ȥޱȵﻹһģ
һ˿ڴһ߼ֱ˺ֱ˺ѵһߵֻҪϼ֣ܹնϡ
ֱҲѪ죬ֱӿտյģҲڸղųƷһ֮бն
ƷҲǵһμԭΣҲû֪ɣϾ˵˽⻹̫ǳˣʲô֪
ֻ֪ôһ˵ĴڣǾʲô֪
Ҫɱ㣡
죬һ˵
ƷҲſֱӳɱǰһȭԴֱӺȥ
أ
һȭֱӺ䵽ͷ­֮ϣԼҲû뵽ƷȻô׺ֱⲫ
һ߸ѡⲫԼ̹֮֮ǳƷȴͬΪǿĵط
ƷȻʧȥ˷ڣһȭֱӺ䵽ͷϣֱӽͷۻͬʱϵ˿ٶѿһ㡣
Ҫ˺㣡
Ŀ¶׹⣬ʣµһֱֱֻӳųƷץ˹ȥ˲ץ˳Ʒϡ
ûʧȥʩչٶȿ硣
ǽŵһĻûȴƷܣƾԷһצץԼϡ
һ̶ȻȴֻһצڳƷץһ·ֱֱץһһһƬĽ
ȴûκô
֣ԼΪȻûа취赲Ʒͬչһķ
һȭ
û˷Ʒ죬һΪչ˳
һȭûд򵽱𴦣ֱӺ䵽˵ǱƷն˿ĵط
һҽУԭĻʱֱӱƷԴȭͷı˿ȻƷһȭֱ䵽˿֮ϡ
ͣ
òײǿֹסѪ˿ٶȱѿѪӿ˼֡
Ҳûм׺࣬Ȼܲ˵ĳɱ
ҪߣҪҵطˣ
ǳƷôܸĻᣬ֪ǧѷĻᣬҪ֪ղһѾǽ߾ȫˣ˵ĸķָô
ȻĻѰնĽâȻǿ󣬵Ҫô׵ش𵤾ĸ֣ȴǺѵģ
ǳƷΨһѡ˻ˣһش
һˣϵѾգ֮ˣ˵Ҳˡ
Ͼ𵤾ĸ̫ˣ
ǳƷȴͬûзӳ֣ս϶٣Ͳͬˣش֮սֱӾ͵˽𵤾ֻܹѰĽᵤ۷ࡣ
Ȼɿ£ԳƷʱ򣬾͸ˣ
Ʒ뿪Ŀռ䣬֮Ϊķֱӳ̵ǰһȭֱӺϡ
أ
屻˳ȥһƷĴֱ̫ˣͨȭͷǿļӳ֮£ȻҲ˿µ
䣡
ݺݵײ˵֮ϣ涼ڲһ޴ޱȵֱӱҳ
ʹֱ˿ڼأԽ˥ƽһս
ܹһطúûָһҲܳΪˣڳƷᡣ
˺·һֱһȭ׷˽ȥȥ
䣡
䣡
䣡
һ˲䣬ƷԼ֪ҳ˶ȭһֱ֮еû˶


1558 ͻڼ
꣬꣬꣡
ƷϵĴŴڸղţһս𵤾û˿֣ԶҲǺܴ
˵˵Ǳģ˵ǱղһشƸɱġ
ϵƱʮأֻһǿĹǿѹסˡ
ڱƷһȭһȭˡ
û뵽𵤾ĸôѶԸ
ƷЩأҪ֪Ĺڽᵤ˵Ǹѷ֣нᵤס¹
ǽʺֽᵤ۷ĸ֣
ȴ֮ͬиڶ࣬һȻѾǽ𵤾ĸ֣˵֮ϵǿڡ
ǱߵõϢΪ֮岿ʱҲǵõ֧֡
һͷ֪˶Ϲ
ʵ˵ֻֻǿ
Ʒնɱ̶ܴϣǿһ䲻⣬ŵϢҲֻ鵤۷ѣʵ硣
ȻսԶԶֹˣͷŵϢʮԻԣѹҲûаϡ
Բһش
ѰᵤʮǰҲһնɱ
Ƕڽ𵤾Ȼûܹشնɱ
ڽ𵤾Ʒľǰδߡ
ղһƷѾþȫ˵ԼıԴȻĻʼս壬㷨һգҲܹڶʱתָ
һսƷֱӽնɱͬʱҲѪ鸴մ
Ʒʬ׽֮ϡ
ӿ֮У֮ϱһâ֮һöѪɢһŵ㡣
Ʒ֪Ҫˣ
ʱƷһϲ̫ʱˣ
ȵ̷˵ʵһĽһٿᵤսҲڵϺޡ
һٿ𵤾Ǹʱ޵УҲ¡
ƷղһΪ׵ĸȫնɱˣȻ֮ǸǿϢƼ
ƷһɽͼĿռ֮С
Ƭ֮䣬ڸղųƷĵطѾֳǧǿӰ
Щ඼ԭһͷͷĸߴͬһСɽǧӰǵأڱΡ
ֻǴʱеһ϶¶ص飬ŲǶ̶̵ʱ䣬ô־Ȼ¾һա
˵ȻҲԸţ֮ֵȻ⵽ͻϮ
ȻʱǸӦκϢˣҲûбİ취
ֿѰңһҪҳʬΣ
Զһ崫һ
һɢ˷ȥ
û뵽Ҫҵˣȴڱ𴦣
ɽͼ֮УƷڰ֮УʱƣղþȫնһܵشıԴ𽥵ĻָС
ƷϵķҲ𽥵ĻָϵѪ𽥵Ļָ۷塣
ָٶԽԽ죬ûãѾָ۷״̬֮УõĵҩҲѾȫˡ
ԳƷǿĻʼս壬ƽʱҪõõĵҩҲ٣Ҳû٣Ҫõʱһȫˡ
Ҫ컹ҪһСʱ䣬óʱȥ̽һʵ
Ʒ
뵽ƷһѾˡ
ʱ֮еĸڲϵѰҳƷ䡣
ͬʱѪ鸴մҲڲϵתתͬʱһ¡¡ϴ
ƷʱѪ鸴մҲѾʮ˽⣬Ƭ֮䣬ѾҵѪ鸴մڡ
ƷҲһ磬ֱӳһ۵ڶȥ
Խǿ۵λãͷֳûƵҲԽߣƷȻ޾壬ȴҲٶȾЩ塣
βϵ˸Ѳߵʱ򣬾ɽͼĿռ֮УȵѲߵ뿪ͼ·
ȻЩо̫ԾǶɽͼĿռ֮еĳƷֵܹ˵ġ
ӣƷ˳Ѫ鸴մڡ
治ͬѪ鸴մ۴ֻӰӰϴǿޱȵϢˡ


1559 
ϴǿϢÿһԶԶΪᵤ۷Ľʺ
ᵤ۷ĽʺҪһҪһĻӦþǰ벽𵤾
ּĸ֣ȳƷһ㣬ֻҲ˶ˣ
Ʒո˸ͽɽͼĿռ֮Уˣ˵ע⡣
ʱͬ״һɨ˳ȥԭյ˫۶ʱ˿ֱӿ˳Ʒڵķ
漴ǾЩɻ໥һۣΪһ㶼ûзֻ֣ΪԼˡ
Ʒûѡһʱּ֣֪ĸ֣Ȳ˵ǱһĽᵤ˵Ҳ֪Ҫǿ϶ˡ
ָҪôһҪôҪСľѪ鸴մ󸽽֣ˣ
ʱƷſϸˣһͷһ޴ͷ׺ޱȵ
һϱź׵ˣʵϵı壬ֻһͷ˵ڹ
ֻһͷڹȴһߵԴΪ죡
ǳƷȴ֪Ƿǳ˲õı仯ͬѪɱĿǳΪ֮ϵһйڶд˵֮һѪֻΪﵽһľһļʽ仯
һͷڹĳ̶ȣź֮еҲˣ˵ʮ־˵Ϊ
Ҫ֪Ѱ𵤾Ĺ嶼ܼڵѪء
Σκһ𶼲öԸƷ£̵ʱһȴǳƷڿǵĿꡣ
ղѵҿˣǹȿڣȻ˵
ӦǸоˣղǸλûˣ˵Ŀ⻹ǾĿܣƺͻȻðĹһ
СľһЩûΪҪʱڽж󷨣ݲʧܣɹͿһǧ꣬ռһأǹüͷȻ˵ղҲյϢ˵Ѿˣ
ܣʲôΪǽ𵤾Ϊ⵽ֵŰΧɱһ߽߳ôôɱ
ֱ˵
˵ҲǣڻǱֵҲֻˣһģҪᣬӦû˭ڱͱӣϾΨһ洫½֮Ѿڰ벽𵤾̫̫ˣǹҡҡͷ˵
֮͸¶ľϢƷɫ䣬ʱԭίѹЩƽ໥ɱȻ˿ǰŽᡣ
Ҫ֪Ȼ齨ˣƽǿǺܽ
ƽϣܹԱְĸԭ
Щ˵ȴⱾͲͬѰԭ˵ȻҪɽ֮
֪˷֮вȱģȻǱҪǿĶˣȴͬ˶ϲ㡣
Ϊ֮ڴ˷ĸ߲˵飬żͻƣҲһ㶼ģ±֪
Ͼ𵤺ͷǽȫ£
һ𵤾ĸܹɱһȺᵤĴڣ˫ʵͬһϣ
ƷܹնɱٻõĳɷָһЩ
ȻҪ޳ɽ𵤵ķţνǴֱʣ
Ϊˣ渶ô࣬ͼȻС
ֻǳƷԭҲһΪΪ˸Ǹڸѹסһͷ
Ȼ֪ԭͲģԭĿ꣬ȻΪ˶ᡣ
Ѫ鸴մҲֻΪ˸һͷĻյĿľȻΪ˶ᡣ
ƷҲˣ̫ԶˣԶκ֮ǰļ֮ǰܾѾˣԶԶҪ֮ٵĹ壬ʱֻҲѾӽյˡ
ʱҪôͰҪôƴһ
ᲢףĪˣҪһͷǿĻǷվ͸ˣ϶Ѿ׼ƴһˡ
ôһе飬Ҳ˳ˣ
֮дֲֻҪܻȥ˵ɽ𵤵ķţҪʲôܸ
ֻҪͻƵ𵤾ǵܸһĻǾҲ̫Զˣ
һͷֵͷͬʱ֮¶˼Ľ顣
ĽֶΣǿһͷԶǲͬͷǳǿټϾѪ鸴մôľѪһɹֻϾͻᳬ𵤾ˣ


1560 а벽
ǰǿ˹Ŵ׵ļأֻǶ֪һͷѹµȻԶһͷͬڸп˵û뵽ȻԶҪ֪ԴԺ󣬾Ҳû˵Զˣ
ڹϵĴУԶҪԶڵҪǿĶˣǸǿͨǿޱȣ˵ҵԶʱڣڻҶ㲻ϰɣ
¶˼ֿЦ¼ʱ˶ϲ㣬ֻǰ·ˣͬҲˣ
޷ǾǱһѣǱϲʲôĲ廹ĴУռһˣ
һЩĵ伮ϿһЩѪ֮ӡŵĳе֪ĴڣڿԳưԣԶʱڻҶ㲻ϡ
뵽˵϶¶˼ȵĿȻûϵܹڶ֮󼤷ʲôѪõһЩ˲õͨͷţô˵ҲǷǳҪģΪ߲ǿ϶Ҳֵܷһ
ЩѱǿϰĵŵĸԭΪ˵ѪͨǱʲôҪ顣
˵̤֮ܲ·Ҫûлݵʦϵͳ֪ʶڣͬǧǧ򣬼ȫͬͳһֻ⡣
бϲɱ¾໥ͳһڵĻᣬ϶ǿѪ֮еļ䣬һǣܹõԹĴУֻһ㶼һЩǳķš
ҲһЩõķţӶһɳ죬ѪԽǴ⣬Խǿ󣬾ѵķźͨҲԽ
ܹɹõһЩԶķţôʵ˵ǶΪѾٽĸ˵֮ȻǲԶġ
ؾʱʼ¡¡ת͹໥һۣ֮ϲ֮ɫҪʼˡ
ʱɽͼĿռ֮УƷҲѾʶԣܼȥˣĻȵǻ˵ã
뵽Ʒû˿ԥֱһ̤Ķݹ⣬ɲǼ䣬Ѿ˹ǰ
ˢ
ջƳգһ˵ĽâֱӴ˿µĹơ
ʲôˣ
һͷû뵽˾ȻܹǰղȻвʲôպһȷû⣬ҲһֱΪûʲôġ
˭֪ĸ֪ûдĸ֪⡣
ͣһ˲նһͷĻ޴ͷ­ն˳ȥȻ䵽Ѫ鸴մ֮ϣѪ罦Ѫ鸴մա
ǱһָֻץɽͼĿռ֮Уֱ󱬣֮ϡ
Ϯ
ڳƷ˹ͬʱһͷںֹؼĽڵ֮ϣû
ʱ̫ˣ
һͷҲǰ벽𵤾ǿߣѷĸ֣棬Ѱ˸ûпܽǸۼ
ķӦܿ죬ϷӦ˹˫צ˺ѿһеųƷ˺˿
ķǿһ˲䣬Ҫ񷶼˺ѿ
ȻƷҲֱһ
һâ̺֮ĽУΪһ壬ֱӻһӣһУֱӻһֲ⾳ѹһС
أ
һһУֱӽһͷĹ˺˿Ȼ䵽һͷǰ
һͷݺֱ䵽Ѫ鸴մϷ絲סҲֱ˽硣
Ѫ鸴մȻڻзģﲻȥ
һͷûܹ䵽ȥ
ôôǿ
һͷҽȫ㱻ѿģʵͲƷִ֮䱬Ĺ͸Ʒˡ
ֱӱƷеĹûֱӱ˺ѿǼûбֱ˺ѿҲûõĶȥѪŽ˿
ƷĹӰΣû˿ͣٵʱ
Ʒ̤Ŷݹ⣬ɲǼ䣬Ѿǰֱһż̤ȥ
һֱӲȳĻȪˮѹһУһС
¡
һͷձ̤ķѣ
һ˵ʵ򲻹ֻǶ̶ʱѣѾˣ
ģƷһʵ̫ˣ
Ʒû˿ϲΪ֪սŸոտʼ


1561 ս
ƷʬˣѪ鸴մ󣬴ʱѪ鸴մϷѪɫĽϸ˸ŹѪɫ
Ʒܹԩںе
ѪѾʼתҲζţĶѾҪʼˣ
뵽Ʒֱó˺˵ķ۵ķֱһ˵
һ˵ųβ۵λá
¡¡
һ޴Ģڶͬһ̫𣬿µ˺ѿһУһС
ǿޱȵѪ鸴մĽڱôһ˵ֱɨ֮󣬵Ҳܲסը˿ѪɫƬɢ˷
ʱƷѪ鸴մϷһͷ޴ޱȵڲϵĳ鴤ţһͷмȮȫȴʨһë
һͷ޴ޱȵ¶ɢΪ¡
ͬʱ·Ѫ۶ɵѪأڲϳһͷϻ۶ȥ
һͷÿһë׶ſеľѪϵϢڲϵǿ
ʱϷһ˫ۣĶǰһͷޣ͸¶˼̰ɫ
ҵޱϼ̰Ϊˣܽͨ˸̱ˡ
Ʒ֪һͷ޵ʲôȻһͷꡣ
Ҫ֪һͷ񻰴˵еް
ʲ֮УҲ׺ԽаʵĿֲڡ
Ҫ֪ѾؼΪվʳ˵ĴڣȻΪʳС
֪ﵽжôĿ£
ȻԽаʵǳ֮һĴڣһͷ϶ûдﵽĵز
Ҳɴ˿ɼһͷǱжôľˣδǰ;
ѹֱѹô궼û
ּޣ̫֮Ҳǰеģѹ治ϧһдҲҪȡͬʱҪˡ
汻ɹˣԳʣһ綼һͷޱ
Բɹ
ƷѾжϣԲɹĻ¼ﻹܹƵסĴڡ
ں˵Ѫ鸴մһ˲䣬ʱͷӦ˹һ˫ͬһ˫ӥ۾ɨ˹֮дޱȵɱ⡣

ŭգ˹ؼʱòײƽƾѪ鸴մǿнһͷڵԪĨҪʵʩᣬͻȻôһ࣬ƻơ
һֱһֻצųƷץ˹Ȼ濴ѾһϢʱܶһǲòϣ𵤾ĸֻǷǳֲġ
京ŭĹ֮¡
ƷͷһֱףǿǿĹ

һȣ˾ͺһͷһȫһצץ˳ʱһǵأ˺ѿһУҲһС
һ֣ǼΪǿĹ
Ʒʱ򣬳һץһöȭͷСĹʵֱӳǰȴʲôء
ʱٶȳˣؼʱ򣬳Ʒ̷ֱȥɲǼĹ˿ֲҩֱӿ˳Ʒ֫ٺ֮С
䣡
Ʒ֫ٺ֮жʱӴķĸΪģͬ籩һϯ˿
ƷһԾܿĹצĿ¿񳱣ǽﴵ졣
Ȼںսʱͻƣ˲Ѿ͸˳Ʒʲô֮˸Įɱ⣬ƷȻںսʱ򵱳ͻơ
ʲôˣĥʯô
뵽֮˸ɱ⣡

ʱϾѾжϣƷɱǺѰĽжˡ
˺̩ɽѹһ㳯ųƷɱ˹
Ⱥ죡
һֱһצץ˳ɲǼ䣬ֱݻǧͷǿ壬ɵأضǲԵķΧ֮С
˲ȭ
Ʒֱͬһȭ˳ȥ˲ػȻȭƿȺײһ
أ
˫ĹɲǼײһֻһɲǼѣƷͱ˳ȥκƶߵķһ˳ȥ
ۣ
Ʒðڰ֮סΣһѪ
棬ֻһ£Ͳպգ
ƷǵѪȴû˿£ȫķӿĸǿҡ


1562 赶ĥ¼
ղһƷĶƷûκȡɣӲӲĴս
ɲʵ˲䱬ͽƷشˣκλڣǳԾʵѹƷ
ԾԵʵѹһǿУⱾǳƷֺϷʱھʵϣȴ·硣
ԳƷʵҲǰ벽𵤼սǻʵĽ𵤾ĸ֣ʵ֮ǿҲԶǳƷġ
Ѿӣһ֣ʵ֮ϣƷǲ֪Ҫǿ϶ˡ
һ֮֮Ҳ˼ֲ飬ƷȻû
ԼҲԼжûжֹˣһʵѷ֣֮еλ硣
˵һϣƾЩĸĺպģҪ֣ɽһе㶨
ǼˣԼʵҲΪĵǿĽᵤܾһֻһϣ־Ϳ
ǳƷĴȴȫ֮⣬һ鵤ȻһⱾһ漣ˡ
ǿȻ֪ǺʲôϹѪܹزȷʵףЩ̰ĿųƷڴ֮ǰƷŻΪĿ֮һ
ȻƷ壬壬Ƕ˵ʲôϵʲô֣֮ǶǹƨֻҪԼֱܹ֤һв塣
ռֵΣ廹壬ûʲôֱ
Ʒʵ̫ڣоߣõ֮Ҳ°ӹ֮еľţһֱδ
Ϊõķһ֮۳ɰܣûеڶλᣡ
һ߳ᣬҲ»˼ֻ֮к˵ɱ⣬֮Уâ˸
ĺΪֹˣɣ
һ˰εض𣬻һ̩ɽһ㣬ųƷѹ˹
Ⱥ죡
淴ֱһצץ
ȥĳƷȴû˿ĺ£ֱӳХһ˺һһû˿ĺ£෴ģӭѶϣսһ
䣡
˫ײ·ͬײһײһ𣬶ʱֱĿ񳱡
һ֮ȴƷ˺һһ˳ȥٶȱ˳ȥ
ƷһɳȥԶסΣֻоȫѪ𶯣ʵԶ۷ʱڵĻֻ³Ʒ»ᱻ˺ˡ
ǼˣƷҲû˿ĺ£෴ģֻоȫսⶼΪɳȥʱȻһˣͬʱԭǿҩɵķ˲ͽƸ޸ˡ
ǵָ۷壬һ˸ҩ
£Ȼһֱ·磬ȴ˿ģһԽսԽµĸо
Ժ֮УΨսսս
˷֮У֮⣬ҲҲһܹóƷȫֶû˿˼ɵĴڣ̫ǿˣǿȴóƷоԼͻƵ
Ҫʱ䣬ʱվһߣվѾ˥һߡ
ʱٶֱӷĹûشƷڿʼͷ
ֿµĹֱǲҪǮһųƷûнƷֱû
ƷҲǲʾ˲ȭȪ̤ɾűľѧϲϵԻͬϵ֮䡣
˫ɲǼ䣬Ѿ˼ʮϰٴεײƷ˱ɳȥʮΣϰٴΣȻԽսԽ£治Ϸ档
ʱӸظǿһĻ׷׸оһǺëĸо
ǿĿ£Ǳ֪飬һĿ¶ģʵ֤ûǵֻ֣Ҳ߲һغϡ
𾪵ĻǳƷƷĴڳ׵߸ǵۣҲ޷ĵܹϡ
ǳƷʵûп𵤾ȴܹŰս·絫ȴûȫܡ
¿񱩵ĹǣһӾˣֵܼز
ǵ֮УƷĿѾͬˡ


1563 ԽսԽǿ緶
ȻʱЩĸֻҲսǿƷ֮УѾֻǽһ֪ߵغߣǵһǴǿߡ
ȻƷĹ֮£ЩǱʵϣȴҲֻ·ѡ
Ǿķ֣Լǿޱȣƥе棬Ȼò³Ʒ
ȻӳƷһֱϵıɳȥޱǱ
ʱʱĻܹƷѪȻʵ棬Ҳͬսĸ֣οκβ˳Ʒ
һСˣƷƺֱһתͷѾ׺תˡ
˵ƲۼΪˣǼûκôģ
ڳƷϻڼǿʱ˾һ¯һ֮в³µЩս֮лΪ񳱣˷ɢȥ
Ϊû˽ıѪ鸴մڵѪ֮ϣˣѪɫľֱƵɸߣ֪жôĺˡ
ܿ죬֮оۼ˷˲ԾΪǷ֣ƺƷϢÿʱÿ̶ڽһɱ䣬ǵĸ֪֮УƷÿʱÿ̶ڱǿ
ս֮УƷȻǱɳȥǱɳȥľҲԽԽֻ̣ں̵ܶʱ֮ڣֻǱˣ涼ûа취Ǹղǰ㽫Ʒɳȥ
ǵǵǣѾˣѡᳯΪԵʣϲԽΪܣ廹࣬ⶼԡ
սڣοѾʼ֮ǰǰ֣ÿһγֶ׼ĽһСΧ֮ڡ
ڷľ˿ƣǶ˵ֺγ֤ʱľȡ
ΪּĴս֮УĴﵽһ׵ĵزĸ֣𽥸ˡ
űƵԼ
֮ԵĳƷǷҪǮһĻʱʼսȫ˳ָٶȴﵽһʮ־˵ٶȣκĶָܹټҩãʱĳƷŸһ𵤾ĸ֡
ôܣݺô꣬ѵҪôһСô
ൽ˭ôôǿ
ϵǸ½ĴκһֳƷô
˽˳Ʒݣ嶼ʮȻģΪû뵽Ȼôݡ
ʵϣ£νĵһָûʲôȤ˵Ǵκһˣνĵһֽʺʵܹ֮ƥеľͲ
νκһƻģţҲ̫˵ĸأĻѰ·ˡ
˭Ҳû뵽ⲻ֮䣬κһ־ȻӵʵԺǵսٻغϣ涼κβ
ȥֻҲδܹκεʱˣǿɾͲˣҵҪס
ͣǵδĶ֣Զԣʱ
еͳͳ˵ͷǵȻҲףʲôδǳƷĶ֣Ƕ˵ˡ
ʹӳƷ潻ֵ˵ѹǿԵǣŵһٴΣԷŵһٴΣѶȡ
Ļ޷Ը˳Ʒ
أ
ƷٶȱֱӺɳȥ֮Уֻǻ˶ʮ׾ͣԭֱӱǧףֻǱ˶ʮףеľ޴ɱ䣬֪
ƷоˣԼٶһ۷壬ǾֻһܹͻƣԼ鵤ᵤ
֮Уÿһ綼رһ𣬽ᵤ鵤ȻҲо޴Ĳġ
ƷܹоᵤѾǧٿףڵ鵤һ˵ٶᵱС
棬ʲôֶξʹóɣƷЦϵѪڣϴˢһгڵķڷڡ
Ӳ
֮ɱݺᣬСӣݺô꣬δ࣬úúã㾹ȻΪĥʯ㵨Ӵ󣡡
浽λԼƷˣΪ˳Ʒĥʯ
뵽Ҫ˿񱩲ѣͬʱ֮лļɵֻĳƷѾԶԸˣǵΪһǻвԼʵ
뵽еɱŨ


1564 Ʒɵۣ
ԲٵȥóƷɳ
ܳƷʲôţɳģվֻǣ
Ѿ׼ŭˣãҽնɱΪҶѪɣ˵ȵҶɹҾҪϯ£һأӦ£壬ֻΪѪʳڣ
ĻƷǰ·ܹ屻ȦͬѼţһΪѪʳ
뵽Ʒʱ棬ܴܲĹҶ˵ڣɣ
ƷֻоǿޱȵϢͻƣҲֻǲһŶˣʱʵﲢô£ҲǼɵѡ
ɱң־򣡡ҧ˵ʱ³˳ԭ׵ķ±һƬԭ͵±ĸߴ
䣡
һɿµϢͷ˳һͷǴ˵ǰ洦۷״̬
˵֮ǰֻǸƷѹĻôڵƷľ;Բֻѹˣ෴˼Ϣĸо
ǿѹѹؼͣˣо
ôܣڼľѪһô
ϾͿĴˣȫȫ޷ţΪôĻڵֻս㲻ҲԶˣôǸ̫̫Ĵۡ
ˣ϶ǴˣУҲûκôɴնƷ
ֻǶĻҪܹ磬ֻҲûô򵥣
Ƿһˣ
Щ׷˷ܵ۵ܹоһս֮ǵ潫ᳯ𣬽һǰδеĸ߶ȣһȫµʱ
ʱƷҲĴ㣬ԣǸ֪Լĥʯˡ
£϶סˡ
ܹоʱĿ£۷״̬ͻƺ״ָ̬۷״̬ͬʱսȴޱȷḻģ״̬µʱ򣬻Ҫʮ
֮ǰҲҪǿ˺ü˲͸Ʒ˾޴ѹȸУ
Ʒأأͫ΢΢һ˲䣬ǰһӰһӰһצֱӳץ˹
ƷǱܵĿʼ˷Ӧ˫ֵԼǰ
أ
һ˲䣬ƷоһɾϮ˲䵹ɳԶĵطֻоʹһת
Ʒʱע⵽Լ˫ϾȻһƬѪ죬֮ǰѶ˺ҲһЩС˶ѡ
ڻʼսǿκεֱ۾ȻץѪ졣
ȻƷĻʼսȷʵǿ֮Ĺʵ̫ˡ
ز֮ȻûʲôʣȴҲܹƾԵĹѹһеĶ֡
Ȼû
Ի˳ղžˣһ˲䳬ԽߵļޣֻܸоǰһƷѾ˳ȥ
Щ⣬ǳųƷĲȥģΪľһٽƷĲӸš˭֪ƷȻڹؼʱˡ
ƷǿͷҲе㳬
ˣҲֻǹӲѣָ۷ֻ֮оǰ޵УưһеĸоֻˣѾ̫̫ûӵĸоˡ
õѾǵˡ
зִģ֪ʱ䲻ˣʱҪǻɱƷȻٶᳯ𣬵Ǹʱһоˡ
ֱһ˸ٶȳֵʱȴ˳ƷǰֱһƸǵ˳Ʒϡ
䣡
һƷ·ۼؼеɷֱӽƷ˳ȥ
ҾͲţǸڹҲܲ˶٣
һûܸɵƷʱЩͷ֮˸ź˵ɱ⡣
ʱһӰƾճ֣Ѹײڶ֮ƣųķȥ
̫ͻȻͳƷս֮е˸ûע⵽һֱųڵһʱͷӦ˹
ʲôˣ
ŭɶֱӻһֱֻ֣ӳһӰץ˹ȥ
ȴһӰϱһĽ⣬ֱһľϣֵסһֻ֡
ʱ˲ŷ֣ˣȻһƷ
˶ɵˣ


1565 ȸںȶ
еЩɵˣΪǷ֣˾ȻǱˣȻһƷ
ںսĳƷ˵һģһ
ѵ˫̥
һԺ֮ðͷ
ֻ˺ͳƷЩͬѣȫ͸һԵĹԣһֲĸо
ֻϹһս죬ղžһս콫Ĺ赲
һս֮ϣһͷ쳤Х
ǲǲ֮ô
Ͼϳˣһսȴǲ֮ʲôأ
Ȼ֮Ѿкܳʱ䶼ûˣϾԽʺƣ˶֮⣬ǱҪò֮졣
ʺΪӴ󣬽ʺָǹھ£޵С
Զò֮ʱǳ٣ⲢŲ֮ͷСһ˲֪Ȼ׳ڣǶˡ
ǧϵϼһǼʶ㣬֮ܲ춯õĴģǶ˵ȴİ
ûҲŹڱ˵֮󣬼ϾͶ˳ˣ
Щ㲻ΪʲôʺĲ֮ǽʺ֮˵ܳڰ˵ϡ
ʺ֮仹˵ĹϵȻ˶֪˹ϵֻǴĺݵһͷԼ˵ʺҪҲô졣
֮ǰʺΧκ۶ȴƷɱ飬δܹǻ֪ʺѾʧˡ
Ҳ㹻ֵˣ
ҲܿѾӦ˹ܳƷʲôĿģʱƷ϶ͼС
ס
ʱãڳƷոճֵʱ򣬾ѾӦ˹Ʒ϶ͼСܳƷʲôĿģ϶öԷʵ֡
ЩһӲŷӦ׷ųһƷ˹ȥ
һƷֻ趯Ų֮죬һͷɫľƾ۶ɣЩ˹ȥ
䣡һ֮һͷɫľֱӱմˣֵ̫ˣвнᵤĴڣһ١
һͷɫǼʵǿҲֵסǱմ򱬡
ȻֻһɲǼĹǸƷѾȫŽ⣬Ȼ͵һӳ˳֮С
ʱ˶һ˳ƷĿˣʣƷĿͬҲǳ
ֻĿǸƷֱû˳֮УʱʮȻǶ֪ǸƷôġ
Ǻܿ˷Ӧ˹
ǸƷûһ
˶ʱӦ˹ˣһĻǾͲͬˣһͷֻʣͬСɽһӴʵϱԪѾѪ鸴մĥĲˡ
ʱҪõʱ
˽Բ뵽زƷȻһ벶ȸں

һԵ漸ϾͷӦ˹еŭ𼸺̲סˣ׼Щ֪ﱸ˶꣬ھȻժӡ

һֱһצӳųƷץһצ֮£Ⱥŭ𣬵ضɽҡ
ʱﻹ֮ǰʤȯյĸо֮ǰƶ˼һ군ˣǿԶģš
׼õȻƷԷȡˣеŭ֪
ƷˣצӾǳ۾һܹϵĸҪһѸץɷ顣
Ʒûа취ֻȫĹ˲ȭһȭ˳ȥ
¡
ײһɲǼ䣬Ʒİ˲ֱһĳ˷飬ʵﵽһز֮󣬸似ֲܹ˵ˡ
أ
ƷֱУһ㣬ȥ
ǳƷû˿ľɥ¶˼ЦݣΪղųֵȴǱˣ
ڹؼʱųҪֹᣬѾΨһİ취ˡ
ΪѪ֮ԪУȻҲǿԶģֻӴҲˡ
ǳƷڣܹһͷ𣬶δĺôȻҲӹɵġ
ۣ
Ʒ³һѪȫڲƤ΢΢ѡ

һ𣬵һΣĿȴǳҪʱ仹̣Ʒûа취ںϳ𣬴ӳ֮нƷץ
Ķңˣȥ
أǰһ֪ʲôʱ򣬳ƷѾǰ


1566 ͻƣᵤ
Ʒ˵壬ֱǰϱѿƤҲһ˵ٶȲϵĻָ
ʱǿɣ
ãããɱ㣡
޵ҧгݵ˵Ŀ¶׹⣬ޱ
֮棡
һȣȫ·˿ӰӣųƷǵصϯ˹ȥ
˲ȭ
ƷҲû˿ĺ£Ժ䣬û˿£ȻֱӺ˳ȥ
罦ѪͬԡѪ֮һ
䣡
䣡
䣡
溬ŭ֮£û˿֣ϵĺƷϣƾԶҲûκô
Ҫɱ㣡
Ʒ㱻ı鿪
ôһ£ֻһˣƷŭܹоڵķѾʱʱɱĹؼ㡣
ֻһˣҪһˣ
ͬʱҲڱشˣָ۷֮ս֮ǰͬնƳƷ㣬޷˿в

¶˼飬һֻѪɫצųƷץȥʱƺץˣ֪һ㹻Ʒشɱ
Ҫʱ佫Ʒӳ֮ץʱ˿ɾ͸ϲˡ
أǧһʱһֻ޴ޱë׵צһֻë׵צǵأ·Ǵ֮һ㣬ֱӵ˳Ʒǰ
Ĺ䵽һֻë׵צ֮ϣȴֱӵˣ޷һֻë׵צʲôв
ʲôʲô
ʱŭɶתͷȥȴһֻ޴ޱȵѪϷĳˡ
ղžһֻǧһ֮ʣǿһЩס˳Ʒ
֣
̷Ӧ˹ŭ˲䱬ˣΪϾͷӦ˹һͷͻȻһӶˣԭֻһǳƷвٿأŻڹؼʱ赲סĹóƷ졣
Ҳ˵ѾԶԶ֮ǰԤϣԭķϣΪƷɳǰ˵Ҳϲٿس
лὫƷץ
˭룬ڳƷʵݺݴʵû֮ͬǰǰ㣡
ƷŽȥ˶ãܹٿسǿһֵǻ˵á
һ֮󣬳ĴҲ˻ȥֱ
Ѫ鸴մһģΪľǷֹͻȻѡ
ˣҾͲţ㻹ܶùڶΣ
Ŀ¶׹⣬ĶסƷ
ڶΣҲҪڶˣƷ˳ųƷȥȴ֪ʲôʱ򣬳ƷȻվԭʮԵѺۣһղŻҪ˵ٶϡ
Ʒ˵ڲϵıǿ˵ղųƷıǿƷ·赲סĻôڣƷıǿһƿʲô޾ϱǡ
˷ܹƷϷڲϵУ
Ǿԣ
ˣһ֮ɨ˳Ǿ޴ѪɫצץһУѾʼЩżˣΪѾоԼڲϵļٵУÿһγ֣ͲǱƷƵ˾·ҲԸ
أ
һΣ˶ķ֣ƷûбֱӺ˳ȥһȻƷ̧赲סˡ
⣡
һΣƷ߲ǿͣ
˶ѾеĲ࣬Ҫ֪֮ǰƷǱֱӺ˳ȥǶ֡
ȻһΣƷȻܹ赲סֻǱ߲ѣеĲֱ࣬Ե㡣
ôܣϵ׷ʲô仯˾һųƷ˵
ǿӲһ֮󣬳ƷϵķǵûмӼǿˣ˻һϵȥ
˲ɫѾˣ˵֮ǰƷϢȻֲȴܹӴõķΧ֮ڡ
һΣƷͻƣϢȴʼЩˣϢģ޷ƥеĸо
òͻ˰ɣ
ͻȻƷսϾҪͻƣ浱ĥʯ֮ǰܹ֮һЦȻȴһֻѼӱץס˲ӣĿɿڴĿǰһĻ
ƷȻˣǴ󻰣ҲǷˣǹǽˡ
Ȼ񼣣


1567 նɱ
սͻƱСʵ飬ּҵĴս֮Уÿһÿһ붼ܾƷȻô˿ǱƵĲòˣ̶ǽ
ȻƷ֮ȴ˲Ĭˡ
ΪڳƷϸоһϢĸоָоǵ
ƷսҲһͻ֮˷츲صı仯ʱ䣡
Ʒ΢΢ڳɹˣȻսͻƣڱ˵񼣣Լ˵ȴǵһ飬Ƶᳵ·ˡ
׼
ڣڽڵ鵤۳ʵ壬ǵ֮еĽᵤزƷǷʵ̶ȣǷĻ̶ȶ˷츲صı仯
ͬʱսҲͻƣֱӳ˽𵤾
һս֮ͬһ֮ˣ
ʱѾһʼһвĸо
෴ģʱѾûظУ
㾹ȻͻˣʱڷӦ˹ԼȻ˵ĥʯҳƷȻͻˡ
ⲻǵô
뵽֪Ϊʲôгŭ֮⣬Ȼмֵĸо
ǰĳƷɲ⣬ȻֻǸոͻƣȴһԨ纣һǿϢ
׳۷壬³Ʒոս𵤾Сޣƫƫڵ۷岻ģܳá
Ψһĺ·ֱƷˣѾûа취֮ǰǰˡ
ֻܹһԭǾΪƿһУȻȴƷʵڵϴ˲ˡ
㣬㣬
޵ҧгݵ˵
Ʒ΢΢˵Ĵ󣬾ǲķҽͻƣʵ֮ϣǵʱûôϣҲ
ƷƵãΪȼزжȼء
֮෴ǳƷʱǰδеǿϵڷϣϵķڲϵ
Ըоͻƿ֮ÿʱÿ̶ڱǿ
һĺɽ˥һϱǿҲӹɣʮˡ
Ҳɱ㣡
һʱ˫۶ˣﻹиղŵ侲ͷȣͺ޲ýƷʬΡ
뵽ֱһһΣֱӳ˳ƷǰȻһצ͵һһצǵأͬʱٶֿ
ֻһѪ⣬Ѿץ˳Ʒϡ

һΣƷӦٶȼ죬ɲǼ䣬ѾӦ˹ֱһȭ䵽צ֮ϣͬһ
һΣƷֺ岽ղ˵ƷӴݡ
ɣǿʵΪᣡƷ˵һ֮չϵķ纣
ʱѾȥˣᣡ
ƾ㣡
ŭɶֿµĹǲҪǮһ㣬ųƷ
ƷǲŲæٶȼ죬ڱһ֮ļӳ֮£ٶȲ棬졣
֮ǰǶֻ֣ǱУѾиԵĲͬˣ
ƷȫһȺɫ֮У˺һɫ籩һߣ汻һѪɫΧУͬһƬѪɫ籩
֮ײһٶѾԽܹ󵽵ļޣǽᵤҲֻܹǿһѣ鵤ѹͿˣͨ͸˵ˣץϹˡ
ֻܹȫ֮ͬвϵײ
һʼʱѪɫռϷ磬ģǾȻˣɫʼİ˾ƣһһƱ˾ơ
治ʧܰɣ
̲ס˵Ȼʱ˵е治˵ж̲סðӵ뷨
ʵǳƷֵ̫ǿˣǿƵǾĲܽͿڽ챻Ƶ
ΪЩʵҲǿȼֻԽԽѣƷԽԽǿʱϵԽãԽǲ
뵽ǲɵõ
ʱ֮һ޴ޱȵײţ˾ֻһѪɫӰֱӺ˳޷ָǿȵս
˶һȴ˭ء
˶ʱʧɫֻһѪҪսȴƷ֪ʲôʱѾǰһż̤̤ķѣ˲


1568 ƽ
ֱӱƷ̤ķѿԭʮǿ׳һӻΪ˷۳
һ㶼ûʣ
ΪѾʣ޼ֱǿм˳ֱӾͱɢˡ
Щǳɵˣǿʲô
˴ûаܹ岻񻰵Ȼôֱˡ
Ʒ̤ɷĩˣ
˵ֱǰδеĴ̼
ϣɱΪ汨𣡡
֪˭һʱ԰ɲǼ䣬мʮӰųƷ˹
⼸ʮӰȫǵ֣Щ˫Ŀͨ죬ǺżΪйϵ֮ˡ
ʱ򣬿Ʒһٻɱ棬ﻹ̵ܹסֱŷ˹
ƷֻЦ⿴һۣ͵һӻ˳ȥֻһ˲ѣâͬˮкһк˳ȥ
Щ˹ĵָҲӦ
֮ǰûƷԸףڳƷ£жôĿ£
ֻһѣЩ˹׷һҽУֱը˿һѪ
ֻһ˲ѣ
ƷͷβҲֻһ
ʣµֻоԼڳƷĿѲ֮£оԼ
жѣ
ʱԳƷʱ򣬾ͷ·һһ㡣
ֻһ񣬾Ǹоѣ
ܣ
ǵͷ֮УֻʣһʲôҪˣûʲô顣
Ȼˣǽ춼ˣǧѪծǶҪΪ֮һߣ
Ʒ˵ǰǧֺ׷׳˷ȥ
ֻѰɱˣҲȥܣֻأˣֳɹģǧĿɱѪⱾʹ˳Ʒеĵߡ
ǳƷֻǸ߸ߵľֱۣϵֱӷշɲǼ䣬ֱɨâ
Щâѿ˷׷˹ȥĿЩĸֺǣͬ۾һ
ͣ
ͣ
ͣ
âһɨ񷣬ֱɨЩֺ֮ڣЩֺնһŵѪѪ鸴մ֮С
Щ϶żֲŵ飬ǴŴûԼȻѶûа취ֱӾͱƷһնɱˡ
Ǻ͵ץȻѪǧҲûκηֱ
ǧ˶һȺϣڳƷҲûʲôֱ
޷ǾǴһ϶ѣ
ƷֻҡҡͷûнЩΪزȻֻǽᵤѣսȴԶԶǵ
ÿһرһһ죡
ЩǰҲòĶȥ֣ܶһЩвǷɢˣǾ˳Ʒ
ʱ䣬ǵƷĸ֮ﵽһǰδеĸ߶ȵʱԵòֵһˡ
ƷûжעֻǴɽͼĿռ֮Уֱó˺˵ķö˵ȥĢƷӿû˽ı֮Ѫ鸴մֱӱݻˡ
УԹҲΪûѪ鸴մڷУֱʧ֮ϡ
ƷҲ֪ȥˣʧ֮ˡ
û֪ǿ糬Ŵ֮еߣ˽ҲޣԶ⡣
ƷǲֻŵֻԼ
ΣЩԹҲȱܾ޾ĥΪѪ鸴մṩҪá
ҲǳƷΨһܹΪˡ
Ʒ΢΢һǿͬ籩һϯ籩ҲһһϨջ֮С
ҲζѾȶ˽ᵤΪȶ˽ᵤΪշ磬Ӱ졣
ս֮ǳױƽˣƷûҪ¾˼һսƷ¾볬˳ϵĸ֣İ벽𵤣ǽ𵤾ĸֱƷ¾һա
νԪˣ
£˸ԶɸһвҲͷˣҪָ۷ʱڣҲ֪Ҫʱ䣬֮ǰҲֻǹӲһˡ
ƷܹģҲֻЩˣ
˼ˣʱ뿪˷أȥѰ˼ˣ
Ⱥƽ˽ʺ֮󣬴κǿʢ֮Ʋ赲ҲͿԷ뿪ˡ
Ӵ˺ƾԾɣ


1569 𶯣Ⱥ۲Ŀ
Ʒƽ˵飬ܿʹ磡
ΪҲס˲д³ƷǼ׷ɱȥԸɴֱӵݳ˽
һʱ䣬´󾪣
¼˵ʱνǷƼһϵеƱ仯ĿɿڴӦ
仯쵽ǶоĿɿڴĵز
ͻȻѣݴκ߾ǧƣֲҵء
Ȼͬʱ˶оз֮ʹ
ϾͬҲĿϯ£ĻΪֻǷǳԵֿ񳱡
ڸڽܹעʱŽʺǧ£Χκ۶
һʱ䣬·䣬˶û뵽ʺȻ顣
ǴϾȫ䱸Ͼʺκ֮ʣµĴһҲǶľ֧
ϾѾ˾¾Ԯκ˭δ߳߾Ѿõ˽ʺǧӻرԭҲϢ
˲䣬𵴣
˶㲻ףΪʲôǧô׵ûˣҪ֪һǧͷһֿɱƶҪɱܾã˵ǧľˡ
ǧӿǿѪѰ˱ᣬҿˡ
һսȫû𾪣
Ϣ˳ƺǴκһֶʲôһټ˴󲿷ֵĴ
κûΪ˸ʧ
սʺһսȫûݴʺλڶ˳λ̳ˣʺͳͳˣֵȴҲǱˣǳƷ
νһ֪
Ȼڴ֮ǰƷѾ£Ҳֻڴκ֮бȽƷͷû˵ǽһսƷһٵ춨Լµһֵλá
ԭµһֽʺĿ֮°˳Ʒϣ֪Ʒ֮¡
ϢƷµһֵͷѾȷŽʺ¼ҲҲһܹƷ໥Ĵڡ
κҲᣬ׷𱱣ֱɱ˽ʺ֮Уһ·̲ʳ̶ʱ֮ھѾ˽ʺ
ȻϢ֮ȴķ֣ԭ·ƣҪϯµ˾Ȼݳ˽
ҪκƳ
ʱ˶ʧˣ˶ɵˣ
˳ǹ˶û뵽飡
֮ǰ˾ѾˣһʲôֶΣΡȻķ緶
ǼиҲδܹκεˣû˵Ͷ顣
˶ˣ֪Ϊʲôݱ
Ǵκ£Ҳǳɵˣֻԭ߾֮Űɵ˻֮С
ǻ׾ʲôʱڴ֮дϢȴԭǳƷˣһٻɱʹдڵ档
һ߳ϵĶ֣ǺųƸƵҲͬʧأԪˡ
£Ϊ˱Ʒһ׷ɱŵϽ
Ϣһ䶯˶ˣڴ֮ǰûܹĵƷܹĵز˵ǰ޹ˣߡ
˵Ͻ֮⣬ΪƽϢκŭ𣬻˵ҪƽϢƷŭ𣬹Ʒʯ͹ʮ֮࣬ѻɽȫ˴κĵ۶֮Уĵرʤ
˼ҴҵҲˡ
һ飬ȫµ˶һľˣ·۳Ʒʲô飬ܹˣѾһһէˡ
һ飬˲Ȼ֣κһۣǵûͬܶǰԪˣ˥ܣ෴ģʵ˵һٽ߽չ˱һӳΪĿĴ
ԭΪ°κһӱˣҪκʤ׷ɱһٽһ
ȻκĹǸĵزǽʺѾ󣬳Գˡ
ڴκվŵǸˣȴȫ¸Ϊ֮Ŀ˲ʧ
ƷֵĻκδûһͳµĿԣ
Ͼ˿һ֮˽ʺǧĴڣսԻ͵һĲʵ


1570 幱Ʒһҹ
һʱ䣬𶯣Ⱥ۲Ŀ
˶Ŀ˹
ڴ֮ǰδйĴڣһ֮ңԴһ۷壬Ҳָһǿʢ֮Ĺҡ
ȻǴ˵е¼Ⱥ˵ʲôֱأ
ڴ֮УƷѾ߱˳Խ˽ᵤΪﵽ˽𵤾ĳ̶ȡ
ȻҲֻǴŶѣûܹõ֤ʵƷҲ⹫κϢ
۷׷ףзӯ֮ʡ
ƷѾص˴κĵ۶֮С
κ۶ʦĺ԰֮УƷκĻʵκ޼Զ
ʹ죬ʹ찡κ޼ɹЦѾȥмʱˣ룬Ȼ첻ѡ
κĻʵۣһֱ˳⣬˵ĺܡ
нʺȻﻢǲ˵⻼Ҫǹ˼κ޼ɱվŵĳƷ
Ҫıˣڣһжõ˽һĴʤҲκĵһ࣬Ȼ󲿷ֶǲԭҲǺպ书Խ棬ǰδУ˸
һУǰĳʦģ뵽ϲɵô˼ֹɫ
κ޼ɵſ񣬳ƷֻЦЦ˵
һζ˹ʦˣȻҴκ㸲֮κ޼ԳƷһҾ
¿ˣⱾӦģƷ˵
ʦǴʦûйʦ綼Ҫ߸ͲֻҴκˣκ޼ɵ֮е˽Ĳ࣬Ʒ˵Ҳ࣬ǽֻ͸¶Σ˳ƷƽĻҡ
ƷһȻ˵£³ʣµ飬ҪԼˣ
Ʒκ޼ƺʲô˵ӣʱκ޼ɵ뷨ˣһֺǿҵۣϣƷ֣κһٻͳһ
Ļ»ǰδеʢ
׽֮Ѿ˲֪ˣ
ڿ뷨κ޼Ҳͬ뷨
ƷֱӾܾˣֲǱķû˼κе顣
ӦҲ֪κĹҲֻĵزǿ´Ǻ£෴ģܹڵĽú÷չò˶аµʵҪһʱƷֱ˵
κ޼ڨڨһЦҲ˳Ʒ˼ûҪΪֵ˼ЩźȴҲ΢΢һΪͿԿƷ׵鲢δ̫뷨
ˣǱĹƷЩƷ޿ɲ£Ȼ˵ǸҴκģҲ֪Ǹʦģκ޼æ˵Ȼһָ
һĹƷͶС
ƷҲûн飬ӹ˴ָɨУʱжѻɽƷʯʮƷʯ޾ɽ纣
ټϸָĵرֵƷֻǴԵһ£ֻ»ϰƷʯ֮ϡ
ĵ˵Ҳ˽ˡ
ڳƷ˵Ŀǰȱľʯˣɽͼ֮еıҩɽʱ޿̶תҪĵʯѰܹĵġ
ԼϲҲҪԺ֮е񣬶ҲҪĴ
֮ǰһĽʹսҲʯĴôʯ͸ָĵرлĲҩǳƷҪġ
Ƕڼ̳˵ʼĳƷ˵ôĲҩ֮󣬾ͿԴƳĵҩĿǰĳƷǷǳġ
ȶĿǰľ֮󣬾Ҫһͻƣ
ҲѰôʱˮĥһͻơ
ܺã
Ʒ˵ͷȻôأҲüЩ׷ɱˡ
ԳƷڵʵҪ˵ɱǲܣֻնɱ֮еĵ֣ȫİյģ
ˣ£һһҪίбȥƷ˵
ʦ˵ֻҪʦԸһȫΪʦ
κ޼æ˵
ģҪ°Ѽǰ׽ڵĸϣйصĵ伮ȵȣ֪׽ôģƷ˵
ãϰȥ
κ޼æ˵ΪƷʲôҪأû뵽ֻѼһЩûʲôõϣЩ֮͡
ǼȻˣҾͲˣƷ
޸ǣ


1571 һʱ䣬ͣ
κ۶֮УӿڳƷص˵۶֮󣬿˵ͳ¼Ŀĵط
Ȼ˵֮⣬˶ڷ׷۹飬ʲô·Ƶʱ
Ʒȴչˣ
˼еҪ֪֮оʲô飬ֱ˱չء
ǰƷչؾû˸ţȷµһֵĵλ֮󣬾͸û˸ˡ
һգۣһʱȥˣʱҴ׾Թ϶׷
뵱¶Ѿȥһʱˡ
һʱĻ壬Ѿȫܹһıˡ
һʱ䣬κˣʺһʱ䣬Ϊӵ֮ϵȻ
֮У˳׷סб߾ȫһչӡ
֮ǰһս˵ʣҲһƽ٣ټҲûĵѹһʱ䣬ҲӭԼϴơ
Ȼ˵ҲЩֻܹۼڱ߾֮УջûҺʹκײ
ûз֮ǰԤǰ㣬κʺ顣
˶ףȻǼɵǸܹһ֮ʺǧĿֲڣȻڱչˡ
Ƕ˵չػǳأ޷Ǿһ仰ˡ
һʱ䣬㹻ôκ˶ԽʺǣҲһǰδеĺƽ֮С
õãɵļɵ˿ڵ˿ڣһƬ
ҲܹǿޱȵĽʺ飬ȡ֮Ǵκǿ
Ȼʱڴ˷صļһĲ֮ϣȻһ޴ޱȵĽ磬ضС
صľͷҲܹļڡ
һ֮УһĲ֮һЩӰȺһƬ֮ϡ
Щ϶ǿޱȵϢһܹ֮ס񷡣
׽׽򣡡
һӰЦ֮ԽԽӰһ֮С
Ҳûжͣ߰˸˾ֱ̤Ŷݹ⣬۵糸ĳԶȥ
ֵЩӰҲϣʧԭء
ˮһϵĲǿռ䲨
ʱڽʺıһƬޱߵĴĮһȺӰ޾ķɳ֮ߡ
һּˣԽ޾ߵķɳûκһӰ죬Χ֧
񿴵ˣŶˣһط֮ΪħɳĮ˼жħסɳĮ
һɳĮΪӣʱ¶ȿԸߵüٶȣ㹻ڻһУȴ¼ʮȣǿ߶ΪĶӻǿ߶Բ
¶ȸߵʱǵ嶼ᱻȼ¶ȵ͵ʱϵķᱻᣬǾ
ȻһƬħɳĮ֮УȴӭһȺˡ
һȺԼĪŶǶʮģˣŹʣĸطһ㡣
ȴǿޱȵϢＫΪӵĻû΢һüͷ
ɳĮ֮ϣһӡ̤һеһԵüΪĲͬ
ߵûдôĻôӣѵҪҵĵطɣʱһȺ֮УһԼĪʮ˾ģŮֵĿ˵
ȻĶӻԶʲôв޾ĻɳҲмᷳˡ
ģǴǸ׽ڵĴ˿еõϢһżӦþʱһԼĪŶʮ߰ģӢֻɫЩƫ׵ӿ˵ǲ֪ȥô꣬żǷ񻹱ȱ
Ҳ˵㲻þͱõˣһԼĪʮģ꿪˵Щ֮ģҲΪ˶ģ
ܣٺ٣ǵõ鱨ˮƽ̫ˣᵤ߶٣пܴ򿪵ż
һӿ˵
׽֮е̫ˣѾ˻ˣ
˵Ŀⶼ˶ǸԼĪŶʮ꣬һµ꣬ȻЩ֮Уͷˡ
Ǹ׽ڵĴ˵ӦǾﲻԶˣ
Ǹȥ֮ҪСһЩȻʵһ㣬׽ҲԺһʱµĺǲòСģ
ˣҸо˽ĺۼ


1572 һ벽
ȴǰ꿪ʼһӡһ˿ֱɢ˰֮Уûһһ޴Ľڳ˵ǰ
죬ڣ򿪽磡
ǰ꺰һ
Ǽӣн˶ӣ̬ӣԼǸŮ׷׳֣˸ӵӡʽ˽֮Уֱڽϴһ޴ȱڡ
æУƬ̼Ĺ򣬾Ѿʧ֮С
ٶȳֵʱѾһƬռ֮С
ȻǱж죡
ʱ˿ܣȻѾ뵽һռ֮ˡ
ӵ˼µĻͬռ֮Уһůɽˮģ
ǰ׼˷»أ
ǸӴͷץһŷһųȻɫĸ·Ѿ鲼ָѷ졣
˵ͷҲһŷϿ̻ŸӵĻƣĹֵܹռĲ
Ȼ治һŨĺüȻ°빦飡
Ľ˶꿪˵ܣֻŨȫ治ͬ
ĮĻôӣйϵӦ֮Уû󣬲ŻݻôӵĻ
ǸŮͬ˵Ͳ󣬵ǼʶС
ǵõ鱨ӦúܾöûˣԴԴϵĳһƬطӵеŨȣӦԶԶֻĳ̶ȲŶ԰
ʱǸɫ԰׵Ĳ̬ӿ˵
Ҳʶ˲ˣõ鱨ƺ̫ȫһ¡
ǵõ鱨󷨿ռ֮УӦŨҺߵĵزŶԡ
ȻڿȴûŨǸز
أǶоˣܵƺڳȥˮһ
໥һۣȻ̾˾æȥ
ԶԶģǿ룬һһĴڣ֮⣬ڲϵתγһ籩
ɵķ籩һһɽС
ʲôŮɵÿھ˵
е˽ȵˣʱǰʱɫ䡣
Ƿ׷˷ۣʵɵģΪƯΧγɵģ룬ȻһӰ֡
λףѾһǰˣȻǻ죡
֮û֮ͬǰǰ㼸Һǹ̻ĳ̶ȣҲΪǰ˸ˡ
뵽˵۾ˣǿӦǵŶԣǧ׽֮УôȻǰˡ
⻹˵ã
Ȼүүҵ
ʱǼŭɶϱһֲϢֱͷ˳֮ϵΪ֮ͣ͡
֪ʵжôĿ£Ȼֱӳ嵽˰벽𵤾𵤾Ҳֻǰ벽ѡ
ԼʵоԵģ׽֮УֻһЩѣʵӵѹԵĲࡣ
䣡
һֱӳǸķ˶ȥ
Ҳû˼ĿԼûˣҲջ
أһ˲䣬һֻë׵ĴצӴֱꡣ
أ
걻У˱ݺ˵ϣֱӽ˿ҳһӡ
Ǽһ£ûֱӾͶˡ
ɲǼ䣬һļž˶ֻо涼ھҵĶ
˶ĿɿڴĿǰһĻɵˣǼ֮ΪȻμ⣬ҲѾǰ벽𵤾Ϊ
֮ǰѼ鱨׽֮еѾ˻ĺˣᵤѾĸˡ
ᵤ׽֮УǶǷëǣ벽𵤸û˵Ĵڡ
ǶȻ࣬һ˶ӵкɨһʵ˼ش󶼲¡
˭룬Ȼôһһ
˴ʱڿ޾籩֮УһСɽһľ޴ӰھĿǡ
һ˫һ㣬޾籩֮УǺë
йУ
˵Ժ֮˲ðôһʡ
װŪ
ʱǰֱӸһȫķŷӿ𣬺һѴ˲񷣬ɨһУȻֱһ޴Ӱնȥ


1573 𵤾϶ѣ
Ȼһ֣һֱڣڱ˳һϮ£һĽ͡
ǿֲĽâֱϰ֮ǼҪǿʮ
ͬǼֻǰ벽𵤣ǻʵĽ𵤾ĸ֡
һ֣ȫͬƣ󷨿ռڵƶһסˡ
˿꣬¶˼򶨵飬𵤾׽֮ӦԺɨˣһ񻰡
Ҳ֮ǿĸ֣Ҳǰ벽𵤣
еزȻף벽𵤺ͽ𵤵Ĳ̫ˡ
һ֣һĲ࣡
ȻһĻֱһֵ۾ĸо
⾪˵һһ޴ӰҲֱһֻë׵ľ޴צһ
أ
ǿֲĽâ䵽ë׵צ֮ȴ޷ƿצӣץƬȻ޴צһֱĵǸϡ
ۣ
ǰһҽУһھѪ˳˺һֱײ˵ϡ
ǾҵĲƵҪɢ˿һ
ôôǿ
Ǹ֮УĿɿڴĿһ޴ޱȵӰ·Ǽ˹һ
ֱΪȻһĳˡ
ʱףǸΪʲôһˣһ޴ޱȵʵ̫ˡ
붯һ£ȫĹͷѾ˴ˣ㶯һ£ȫ¶оޱȵʹ
ʣµĽ˶̬꣬ǸŮѾ׿ɵˣһķһ𵤾ĸ֣ʲôĿֲޣ
ʣ¼˶ʱëԼ˱һͷֲ޶ˡ
Ҷһ£
׽֮УôֲֿĴڣ
Ժ֮ðͷ
ڣûж֮еӰҲûжֻǾĶǡ
ֻһָо΢һ£Ͼͻ
ʱﻹףһͷػˣ¾мһˡ
ǵΪǱһͷΪнԣŻᱻһһһĳ˵һ
һͷ޵ʵѾǿ˲˼ľأͬģܹޣ֮еǸ˵ǿʲôزֱǲ˼ġ
ʱǸ̬ҧҧȻ֮е˵ķ򣬹֪ǰչأдţǱǸˣ
ⲡ̬мǿϾڴ֮ǰûԼҪ׽֮еʱ򣬼ֱܴ衣
ڣʵȴòͷԷҪɱԼˣ˵ǲѴ֮
ʱ⼸˵ᶼˣ֮ǰ˵õȫһ֮ǰõϢ׽֮ӦĩŶԡ
׽ڵӦûʲôֲŶԣһᵤĸָǺų
ǿֱǸЦ
ҲΪˣݺ۳ҵ磡
˭֪ոսײһֲĴڣ
һͷ޲ʲôֻͨһƾܽǺɱ
֮£ǲòͷ
ʱΧЩɢһЩʱǲڿˣһͷͬСɽһĹ޾ʲôˡ
ҵ죬𣬾Ȼһͷ𣡡
Ůһͷޣûֱιȥ
ҲһдеĴţԶһЩԶҲ֪ıҪĶˡ
𼴱ԶʱڸߵĻ֮УҲǰеĿޣվʳ˵Ŀ´ڡ
Զ֮ؾ䣬ԶʱݺһҲѾû滷ˣҲֻڵ伮Ͽֿ޵Ĵڡ
ŰһһͷܹһػЩԵĠܹǧ˳ɡ
֮ܶһּ˿µޣ
Թʱë󱳷
ҲǳɵۣҲˣһֺεȿµĶ
˶ڻɣһӰòĳһչ˲֪Ϲɡ
ԽԽпܣ׽ǿѾĩǺôҲưһĵҲ֡
벽𵤣𵤾е˼ʱǸ֮дһţһӰ˵ǰ
һһıɢ˵ǰ
˴ʱڿˣһԼĪŶʮ£һµꡣ
˶ɵˣȻһʮģ֮꣬ǰ˲²ǰ㣬ĳͺܴӵϹ


1574 һȺ
꿴ᣬʵ̫ˣ
ݿƭˣϢƭ˵ģ
˵ƭˣϢƭˣ
ƷϢʮֵᣡ
Ҳ˵һͲ࣬͸С
ȻֲֿΪ磬Ҳ㹻һˣ
Ӧĩʱ׽֮УôֲֿĴڣ
ǱˮӦبŲĵŶԣ
ǰ꣬ƺһеĹ
ƷǿǰЩͻȻð֣϶ʱҲ¶˼˷ܵ顣
ȻЩʲô޷вȷʵҲ㹻óƷϲˡ
һ֮УƷһҲֻ𵤾ĸ֣һһ档
Ѿ˳Ʒ
Ʒһ֮£ѷֵĸо
һգۣƽҲѾȥһʱ䣬һʱ֮УκţƳƵ죬ĪҲûа취ʹκ档
µһǿ
¼䣬ﶼһκĹƶǿųƷһ˳ġ
ֻҪƷһ죬κĹƱ㲻
һ֮УƷû¶棬ǰκ޼ǱߴϢڱĮһǰ׽żżֻ׽ܹġ
󷨵ĹܾǲΧϽд
һؼʯ˵ǱȽϲӵģиָʣֱյĻЧʷǳ͡
Եزһ㶼ֱֻһЩ⻷֮еܹƷҪ
һƷҲֱƷʯ
󷨲ֱܹͬӴģ¶ڳƷĸ˵Ҳ㹻õġ
֮ѾԽƷʯֱӿƷʯˡ
ƷʯƷڴ˷֮кٷ֣κ޼ɢɢһЩҲ
ڹϵ伮֮УңԶǰ粢ȱƷʯǺĹˡ
ƷʯγҲԶԶҪƷʯҪѵĶˣ
ΪˣԴκ޼ǱߵõϢ֮󣬳Ʒһʱ͸ˣʱĿޣƷǵѾȶ˳ᵤΪһֱͻƴﵽ˽ᵤڡ
Χγɵɵģ
Ʒ̾һ׽֮Ҳ֪жöûٿˡ
ˣͬ޵׶һĳƷȴǲҲǿᵤڶѡ
棬֪Ҫƶ˵۾Ҫ֪֮Ũ㹻ü𵤾ĸͻˣڳƷ˵ȴԶԶ
ߵȼĺôȻض˵ƷΪѾﵽ˲˼ľأҪһѣָߵȼϴˢ֮£Ȼֽһ
սٶȻڽֻǽᵤڶѣΪѰ𵤾ڵĸֶĶ֡
ȻղĳֵģǻԼ֣ǵ³ҲòĶȥ
ѰĽ𵤾Ķ֣
ڳƷԼ˳֮УһʱѣҲǿܹѡ
ƷԺ֮ҲвٸĶķţһͷʵԶɲ⣬ƷҪٿأѳ̶ȿ֪
ʵͺǿ޵УֻܹٿĳƷҲܹش𵤣벽𵤡
ʣµļ˿ųƷǿɲ֪ƷֻڳƷĿ֮£ǵѹԽԽ
ֻоǱʲôֲĴڶסˣ±ʦеĳҲûֲѹ
Ʒվһͷ޴ĳͷ֮ϣӸ£˫ֱأЩˣȻ󿪿˵˵˵ɣǾʲôͷǵʵǴ˷еˣ
һ֮Уǰ꣬Ʒ߱ĺҲûʲôʲôģȷˣڴ˷֮УӦûиˡ
ͻȻðôôİ벽𵤣ǽ𵤾ĸֲʶˣЩֻ²Ǵ˷֮ˡ
ǰ˵ǣҵȲ׽еˣ
ʱǸ̬Ҳֻҧ˵ȻѾȷ˳Ʒʲôǰ֮·ΪȣǵڳƷϣҲ˿ը̡
׽򣿡Ʒа⣬ǽһس֮Ϊ׽򣬿Ǻ׽йϵˡ
棿Ʒ˵
ǴĻʳˣǰ
̬꿪˵


1575 Ļʳ
ĻʳƷ΢΢ЩȣΪĻʳİ
һʱ֮Уκ޼ɷµΪƷѰ׽ڵڵĸֵ伮
ΪƷѾΪµһ˵ĹϵҪͽ˲֪ж٣˸ֹ׽ڵĵ伮ԴԴϵ͵˳Ʒϡ
ϾƷҪĶһЩԵĵ伮һЩ׽ڵ¼֮ĶҲ漰ĵؼ˳ƷҲûʲôʧ
ݶѣ˶Ը
ֻڶ̶̵һʱ֮УƷͶ׽ǰδе˽⣬Ѱ˵
ĵ伮֮Умأ׽֮Ի˥ܣΪԶ֮ʧˣʵ
׽Զĵ伮֮жֵᵽǴĻʳ
ֻǶڴĻʳĴڣЩ伮Ҳɲ꣬伮ļҲ֪ĻʳʲôĴڣֻ֪ĻʳӦ÷ǳǿʢ
Ͼ׽ڿͳȫ磬ǼˣԴĻʳȻʧˣɴ˿ɼĻʳĿ¡
ԵЩ˵ǴĻʳ˵ʱɵǰһ·Ѿ뿪˷ϣ
ȻЩĻʳܹȻа취ܹ뿪ƷҲͿԳ뿪ˡ
ҵҽгƷƷ˵ҲûԼ
˶ɵˣʮ߰ŮֱӾʲôƷôܣ
׽ҲһˣʵϣҲѾһʱˣҲܹҵôƫƧһ鱨֧Ҳǲġ
Ǿ׽֮жô̶̵ʱ䣬ڳƷĸ飬Ƕϼˡ
֮УֻҪǳ˶ģûвŹƷĴڡ
һ֮УƷǧʺƽҵ¼¡
ǴκҲڱƲΪκ޼ɺƷɽƷԽǴκȻҲԽ
ҲŹƷ֣ǸŴгƷǧʺõ顣
ǧֻѰ쾳磬ǧӴľ㹻ֱӺѰ𵤾ᱻˡ
ܹɱ߽̫߳ܣϾʱ䣬ൽһ̶̶֮ȸӹɡ
ڴгƷһ֮ǧýʺǧӻȥĲǶڼʶ˵Ҳһ񻰣һ漣
ǳԽ˵ĸҲĵز
ֻǴЩԶﴫˣͲ顣
ȴӵ뷨ڱѾȿƷˣڳƷе¼ȻҲĴ滳ɡ
˭֪˱ˣһָɽֹĸо
ûдһǧƣʵ֮ǿҲӹɣô˼һֻҲԷµġ
ǶԷȻܹշеĳ꣬ǲûֱɵ
ԭҲóƷһСQڲŷ֣ǡ
ǰȻǳƷŮԾС˵ֺ֮Ȼ飬ǺȻ֮оȻż־ϲĪ
ҲͬޱȵĺȻƺǼ˹һ
ʱǶֻһ˹һĸо׽ôС֮оȻķɳһˡ
ôǶ֪ҵ֣ƷζĿЩˣЩֻ¶򵥣һȺ߾Ȼֻ֪֣ڣ߲ơ
ҵȻ׽ʱ䲻ǰĶǻ֪ģ
ʱǸ˶Ц˵Լһ򶼺ģ֮ͬжٮٮߣ˭֪ôһǴĻʳ֣Ȼ׽ڵֱѹġ
ҲǳİƷЦе˵
ҵҲ֮ǰõ׽ڴ˵ϢѰģû뵽ǰѾǽȵˣҵ۲ʶ̩ɽǸ̬æ˵
ԳƷʱһ˿һķ˼У±ƷһƾͰˡ
׽ڻдˣƷЩȻ飬֪ôû˵
ǰ֪ҲΪ׽ڵĴ˲׽֮жҴĻʳ֮У˵׽ڸ֮ҴĻʳ֮УһֱټһֱڱѰˣǲ̬˵ϴȱ֮󣬸ֲڴ׽Ľ磬ҵȲܽ


1576 һԲϾɱ
ƷŻȻԭ׽ڵĴ˾Ȼ⣡
ʵ׽ڵѰ˵Ȼ񻰣Ǵ˵󲿷֪׽ڵ顣
ǵ֪׽ڵĸڻ򰵵׷鵱׽ڴ˵顣
׽ڱ˹ƣսڵĴҲߣһҹ֮ʧ١
Ǻ˴Ĵз֣鲢ûѰô򵥡
Ϊ׽ڵĴд󲿷ֻڣȴȱΪҪΪؼĸ߶˵ĴС
׽֮ееĶϾ̶ܴϺ͵һ߶˵ĴʧкܴĹϵ
׽֮׽һҶв϶̸ϡ
Ǹ׽Զʧܣʵ𣬸˴û췴ɹĿԡ
׽һָܹЩҵŸһĸֶܽҵźɱƬײ
׽Ѿûˣ
ĸ߶˴Ҳһҹ֮ʧˣԴ˸ľսѣ׽һҹ֮ˣǵõ׽ڴеĴ˸ǿܻ
һһ棬Ǹ׽ڵľ趼һģûзɹ
ЩһֱҲ׽ڵĴˣҲҲЩʧ˵ĸ߶˴У˶û뵽׽ȷʵдˣˣȻ׽֮ĴĻʳ֮жš
ڿֻ´ˣҲһ
ô˵ǲΨһˣƷʵ
ȷʵˣдֽ׽֮УҵȲֻһСֶѣǲ̬æ˵
ƷЩǴĻʳʵȻӹɣǿ׽Զʧˣ֪жôǿˡ
ڴĻʳ֣ڸոϴƵ׽˵ʣһƽ١
׽ԶĻʳҲûڳƷɲŴĻʳʲôƲ硣
ܼȥˣƷа⣬ޱȵء
ʵڽУʲôεģƷʵ
ǰĻҵҲԷƱҵʵȷʵֻеȣΨн𵤾ϵΪǲ̬æ˵ǰӦҲȻҵȶǰ벽𵤵ĳ̶ȣ벽𵤺ͽȻֻ벽֮ңȴ֮ûȥûȥ
Ʒ˵ͷʱоˣɴ˿ĻʳʵȻǿĿ¡
ЩÿһȥͶҲǶʮͣҲʮӣǸ°벽ᵤǽ𵤾
Ϊ׽֮Уֱˣ
ҵҲֻѰ֪ǰѾˣҵϾߣ
ʱǲ̬æ˵
ҲæͣƷӣﻹͲ±ƷһСô
治֪׽֮ôͻȻðôֲΪ
ƷЦһȻˣǾͱô߰
ǰʲôԸǲ̬æ˵
ȻˣǾͶˣҲҪ˽һ´Ļʳ飬ԺǾ͸߰ɣߣǲſߣ
Ʒ
ʲôǰǲ̬ʱʧɫƷǸԸŹǻҪʹΪԼá
뵽ǵɫ׷ױˡ
ǰ㲻Ҫ̫ˣҵȻΪ㣬ȴǾˣҵǿŵģǵ֮еĳǰǰֻҲֲ˺ã
ʱǽ˶˵
ʿɱ裬ǰҪҵΪūΪ澣Ǿͱʯˣ
ǽ˶껹ûü˵껰ȴһն쵽˼£ͬʱҲ޼᲻ݣһ˲ͽԴ˳ȥ
һʣֱ˶ˣǶû뵽Ʒ˵־֣һ׶ûС
ʱʣµٿƷѾ׵ˡ
ǰǲ̬𾪵˵
ƷһƵģ˵ҳЩڲװʲôˣѾˣղҵΪǣǻŹô
ƷĻʱò̬ŮԼǱ˵İɫΪѿ
ǶʱҲ뵽ˣǸղռƵǣֻ³ƷһƷȻҽǳıѾõϰߣȻưոݡ
ֻʵƷֻܵͷˡ
Ʒ˵ı飬¶˼Цó⼸Ҳ̸ʲôƲ磬ָûһ˿һ顣
ʲôųϣЩвңãƷЦһ


1577 Ʒжֲ
Ȼ֪ôģӦòףǴ򿪵ĽһʵƣĻֵõǣʱѰ׽ڵĴеģӦǵʦųɣ
Ʒ¶˼ЦЦ顣
Ȼ׽ڵĴô˴ߣôûɶһĸֽһĸѵһ̰Ķûô
ԭֻһһΪҪ׽ֻ²ס
ֻЩСֱ˽
ƷĻ˶ʱɫ䣬ΪȫȫƷ˵ˣ뵽ǼֱţƷȻֻƾͽһе鶼Ʋˡ
ʱﻹСƷ뷨
һǱ
ǲ֪ΪʵҲ֮
ƷͬҲһߣ
òҪˣʲôУƷЦһʲôûж˵ֱָķ۶𣬻һȻһ㣬ͷâȻ˶ȥ
ɲǼĹ˶ûзӦʱ򣬱Ѿ׵׵ǵ֮С
ʲô˶ʱãǸӦһѾǵ֮С
ƵķΪķÿһµʱ䣬ͱΪ½ҩĻǾͻᱻ֮еңԱƷЦ˵
ɫ䣬ǲ֪Ʒ˵Ǽ٣ֲҶĳƷ˵ǼٵģΪģǾˡ
Ǹ꣬Ʒ֮Թ飬ȴи뷨æԹ۵ڶԳƷŭĿӡ
ǵڳƷϣǸûʲôѡ
ƷҪǾ͵
˵˵ɣǽʲô֣ƷˣȻ󿪿˵
ǰĻҽдܣǸʹ˵
ҽ·Դ
Ǹ̬æ˵
˵ĿⶼתǸŮǸŮҲæ˵ǰĻСŮҶˮ
Ʒ˵ͷȻ˵֪ˣң
Ʒ˵ֻصԭչصĵط󷨵ڣҲ۵ĵطȻҪȥͱҪǿԼʵǿһΣΪ֪ȥ֮󣬿ܻʲôǿУ
ųƷת˻ʼʱؼĴĸߵȼҲڳӿȥһγ룬籩ΧųƷϵĴתЩķ籩ÿһεתһֱƷ˽ȥ
Աߣһͷ޴ޱȵĳߣΪԼķޱȵķġ
Ǵܵ˲֪ˡ
æ˵һߣͬʬ嶼˲ˣǴܸڲϵˣղֻƷĳһ£ֱشûĵķ顣
ð֮󣬴ܲ۾³һϵƻָ˴롣
Ͼǽ𵤾ĸ֣ظҲʮ־˵ġ
ʱɫļ࣬ﻹ֮ǰ緢ĸо
໥һۣʼ
ʲôˣôôֲ鱨˵£ǸŮҶˮ˵
ȷʵֲ̫ˣûһͷ꣬ҲһֽѹȸУĪѾ˵ôǸ·Դ˵˿һƾһȺҵүôôı̬
ҲϺŵţ֮У޵УĻʳ֮ͬжǰС
Ʒʰĸһһ¶
ܣѾǸ磬ѵĸоģʱǴҡҡͷ˵
֮Ϊߣ˵֮Ӧʲô״̬ƷȻֲȴȻûдﵽĵز
ûгѵѾôˣ˻˵ã·ԴƵ˵
ôףѵһ󾳽磬һĳѣԺЩŵ࿹ˣĻʳУǸ߲ʿˣСֱˣҡҡͷ˵
ƷҲ󣬾ǲ֪Щ˱أʱҶˮ˵
˵Щˣ⼸˵۾ʱһ
ҹƳƷЩ˱ֻҲǺѷɫЩ֮пвʣַʺǱ̫Կˣ̾˿˵ҾָǻƿصһɣƷɲ⣬ǣ


1578 ˼籩ϯ
໥һۣʣǵУƷѾ޿ƥеĴˡ
䲢ҲȳƷǿĴڣﶼڴĻʳҲ
ǵڳƷǵУҲ֪٣ȻҲȥ֤һǼ١
ǼٵĹȻãģɾֱȥˡ
ƷɱˣסǣףĽƷŭˣ룡
Ҫɱ޷Ǿһ仰飡
ŮҶˮתͷ˳ƷĿ֮ȣǺ£м˷ܵ飬ƺ뵽ʲôһ¶һ˿ײЦݡ
ڴʱŹڳƷʱѾ׵׷ˡ
֮УԭԴ´κľͻȻһɱ֮УҪһͳ¡
˭룬ıŸոտʼ
ڵĴ̨֮ϡ
һӰֱӵ˳ȥֱӷ䵽̨֮£̨֮µĵ֮ײһ󶴡
ΧڷװĵӿǰһĻĿɿڴĿѡ
ΪǱֱӺɳȥǸȴǱˣǵ
ʱǵϣһ󶴣ѪֱӶˡ
ЩڵĵĿɿڴĿһĻǵǿǴĸ֣һΪѾ˽ᵤˣڴ֮ҲǺպ֡
ھȻһȭɳȥ˲ش
ǵĿ⿴ȥȴһ׳˶ֶָ꣬ȭȭͷϻ˸ŽɫĹâһΪԼ˫ȭ֮ϡ
ν֣̫ˣ̫ˣ
׳˶¶˼ֲм飬ƺǶν
˵ʲô
оɲʵڲǲУֲ̫ˣ⼸ֱͬһ𣬵֮ǰû˵˵Ĵڡ
ڴ֮ǰǿǳƷڿͱǴеĳƷҲ˰ɡ
Լӽ쿪ʼھҪҵָӣΪãĻҲӦ˵ڵ³ˣ׳˶꿪˵
ʱ˲ŶȻһˣжֲ֮ǰͻȻ֣֮ǰû֪ʲô·ֻʱ䣬һ·ʮţһţͽһŵΪã
һڳԸԼ෴Ļϵһ֣ͼ׳˶ꡣ
ˣ׳˶ʾԼµһ棬һٽЩɱҽڻΪ棬һӵĶûУȫȫȫ˫ȭ֮¡
ڵڣﻹ˸Ҷ˵ʲô
ˣҵָʾͿˣҪȥǵĵ۶ˣ˵ǿãͳͳҪŵͳ֮£Ľ˶ֱ˵
˵ֱ̤꣬һݹ⣬ʧ˵ǰ
˼뿪һ
ֱһɱ
Ķðĸ֣ôôֲ¾ǳƷҲ˰ɣһڵĵսս˵
еڵĳ뵽ʲôһʱʧɫѾµŵݺ
˵ĻǾ̫ˣ
¼䣬Ӵ˶ˣһڵĳ̾һ
ʱĹ֮ϣ֮ͬһ㣬ͻȻðԲǵһ
෴ģ֮ûжãһû֪ĸֺð
ԭһᵤĸֿĸ֣ѹһĹˡ
Щðĸ֣ʮϰˣȻȫǽᵤĸ֣нᵤȷϹЩ˾ȻҲǽᵤ۷壬ǿֻѾǽ𵤾ĸ֡
˵Ѿкܶ궼ûһ𵤾ĸˣԭ׽֮е˵ᵤĸ־Ѿĸ֣һһ𵤾ĸ֣лһͳ硣
һôĶ֣ȫµ𶯿֪
Щ˳ֵԽԽ࣬ǵȻҲȥˡ
Щ˾ȻһеˣһΪĻʳĵط
һѰ˵δŵ磬Ȼе̵˵ĻʳȻͬİȴδš
ǵ·֮󣬾ͶѾ׷ױɫ㸲ǰˡ
ɽ¥


1579 ͷô
ѾƱɫԴĻʳĸһðȻʵܺᲢۣȺҲ׾ٵľһƬĴڵ
һʱ䣬ĳֱ͢ӻˣԭۼҪӦκĴ֣ȫԿЩ֡
ʵۻԳ֣ΪնЩֽΧȦ
Ȼһսȫ֪ЩԴĻʳĸֵĿ£ۣȫǾ֮еľȻԶԷ˶ѣһԴԷ׾ٵɱ˻ʵۡ
˵лһ𵤾ĸ֣һ֮ɱʵۣ˴İ
һٳ֪
˴ʱ׹Щ˾жôĿ£ôǿͬһ㡣
ڸֲû֯ˣǵķ˵ȴ˵Էһ˶
Ƕ̶һµʱ䣬Ѿˣ˵Ѿ׷ЩĹĸֳҲһͳһ
Щֵͳ֮£ָ˲ͬ
ͬʱЩ׷״ǲ˵ɽͬһƺѰʲô
Ȼⲻոֻǿʼѡ
Ŵݣ˲ŷ֣κ֮ͬðһƱĸ֡
ͬԴĻʳЩͬ׺ݲѣֿģű¾ֱɱ
һʱ䣬κ»Ȼ
ȻڴκĹҪȴҪǿ̫ˣȻЩ붼ǽᵤ۷ϵĸֵͻϮκĽҲûкõĶȥ
ڵĴĻʳ֣ոյǻûжõĴκʵκ޼ɷܶ
ȴڵ۶֮£һ˴ķ飬ɢһ֮ٵ۶
ڵ۶ĳǽ֮ϣһ׵κ޼ңңŶڰ֮еǸ꣬Ǹһ˳ǹ¶ѱϢκ޼ɵ飬Ҳżֲм
κ޼֮ǲ˼飬ڳƷּֿ֮ǿߣһ֮κĽ˸Դ
Ѿܹӵеˣ
ֱţôǿ
߲Զǻ֮еϹҲǻ֮ΨһĽᵤ֣ʱ򣬸һֱӱһǹͱķ֮ûС
˵۹ĻʵۣôҪҪ¸ģǻϴżϷŰ鿴κ޼ɡֻҪģҿԷһ·
ʵϣѹûнκ޼ɷһ֪ߵغˣƣȻֱǲ
Ҳһ֮ˣȴûʲôһȺ˶ѡ
Ҫɱɱٷϻ
κ޼ɿΪȴʮֵĸ㣬ʱЩ׵ʵѡһʵۿǲܽ衣
ֻû뵽Źȥ˶ʱ䣬ʮӶʮȥҲҪֵˡ
еҾϲɱйˣƷϷŰ˵
ɱɱˣҹʦƷضն㣡κ޼ҧ˵
ɱңƾЩôƷɸţΪѾ˽𵤾֮УΪ޵еġ
ʲôʦ֮ģҲֻǾ֮ܣ֪Ŀ磬浱ԼѾ޵˶ѡ
ղ˵Ʒ͵һͻȻһνһһĿġǸƷĶ˵
ҪɱɱҪ˵ʲôϻϴɾӵŰɣκ޼ɿ˵
ڤ粻飬ȻˣǾ͸
һЦֱһ˳ȥֱӻһֻ޴ޱȵ֣͵
¡
ǽĳ˷棬еκ޼ҲѾֱĳһѪ⡣
ڸЩʿѾɱƵˣѾɪɪҷ
ʱԶһ˾Ṳ̋Ŷݹ⣬Ƶǰݳ˽
κȵ۵ʮӣκ˰ѫͶ
ˣȻǴκȵ۵һӡ
κ޼֪ʱȻҺʹ˶ԿĻã
ƿһֻۣһֱ֣ӱһһȼ
㲻ʶʱԺκ㵱ʵۣ
ĵ˵ͷ
лˣСԸΪ˸ǣκ˰һźκ޼мƵ¶˼־ϲ顣
һѶĶˣ˶ǰΨǰΪľǶᡣ
κ޼֮ǰһѣѡ˳ƷɹǻҲҪһᡣ


1580 ųնƷ
Ҳ㸰ǶûãҶֻһҪ󣬸ղǸһᵽˣǵĹʦгƷֱӿ˵
ǵģ
κ˰Щɻĵ˵ͷ֪ƵΪʲôҪƷƷ಻ɵ΢΢һ
ƷκɵӰǴκ֮еˣ޷˽ġ
ֻڶ̶ʱ֮УƷһ֮ѹκĸ
һһģֱ˷ѣһ֮κ޼˵۹ʵ۵ı
ƷڵĻ˿˼᲻
Ƶʵֲ֮һ֮˴κƺʵȵƷҪ
ƷʵֻҲܹĵزҪκ޼ɵҲڶĲ
Ʒκ޼ɵϻλΪκĻʵۣʱ˼С
ڣҲڶĻᣡ
˵˵ɣ
ɨһۣȻ˵
κ˰̾ͽ֪ĹڳƷ鶼˵˳ЩʵҲ̸ʲôܣ෴ģųƷ£Ϊµһ֣ҲѾ˾֪
ʲô˵ֻжʮꣿ΢΢Ծ˵
ǳƷǽ𵤾Ϊξȣ׽ε󣬵Ҳһ磬ǿҲʲôֵġ
ɫĻǳƷͣȻֻжʮֱ꣬ɵñɫ
ǵģǴκҲ֪õʲôȻһ·𣬳Ϊµһ֣κ˰˵Ҹҿ϶϶ֻжʮң
µһ֣Ц˵
κ˰æ˵Ȼʹ˱϶ʲôСˣνɽϻӳƴˣ
ƹЦһ˵˵ϲʲôµһֻ֣һȺ֮ܰˣ
κĶʵۣҪһ飬ǼҾͳͳɱ⣬ϢųȥƵ
ǳƷϾ֪ˣκ˰æ뵽ƷĿֲʱֻû󱳶ڷ
ҾҪ֪ôأһЦҪľǽƷƳΨˣǸ
κ˰ʱ֪ƵĿȻǳƷ
Ȼ֪Ϊʲôæ˵ǣóȫڳֻҪһ£˭ܣ
Ǻãȥɣ
Ƶ
ڹעŵ۶ĴκͻȻõһϢǾǴκʵκıնɱ
κĻʵۣκ˰ֱӽԭκĹһȫųնΪ̫죬쵽˴󲿷˶ûзӦĹϵԾ˵һȫųն
һʱ䣬»Ȼ
ֻǳ𺧣˶֪ڳıվµһֳƷ
ڳȫҾȻųնʣԳĳƷġ
Ϊ˶Ƶʵ¼ѷ֣ȻڴκҲλȨأȴֵԳֶԸ
һʱ䣬һƬȻ󲨣˶ɵˣ
˶һָоɽ¥
ڳƷ䲻һع飬ֻһ
ڣ˵ϣ˳ƷϣϾЩ׼ȣƷȻֶҲͬ׺ݣȴǲġ
ƷûдеƣƾҪƣ׽Ȩڽ¡
ܿ죬ʹӵ۶֮дƵĻ
ʲôµһֻ֣ɽϻӳƴˣǿЦǳƷֻһͷڹˣɱȫңҲ¶棡
һʱ䣬˶Ȼ˶ˣƾǳųƷģȻ֪ʲôԭ򣬵ǺʣԼս
֮ΪٵĴĻʳִκĸ
ڴ֮Ҳһ޶ԾԵʵʵˣȻøΪá
һʱ䣬ҲûչעƷ֮£һƬҵĶ֮С
ʱ˶Ʒľǣ
ʱĳƷںδ
Į޾ɳĮ֮Уһ޴󷨺Ȼ̮һȻͬ¶˳
Уһһ޷ڰ֮Уû󷨵ĸ֮󣬳Ʒͨʯ˲յϢ
ƷеϢɫʱˡ
ãããһƣȻҾ
Ʒɫ࣬ҧгݵ


1581 һ
ƷͨѶʯ֮ŸָϢȫǹڵ۶ţűնϢ
ʣұûܹƲĿĵطеԭֻһǾ
ѹǳģ
Ψˣܹ˵ͨˣ
ֻҲ֪ΪʲôҪΪνµһͷΪɱ
ϾԼνµһɱֻȫµΪ֮˼ܲˡ
Ҵ󲿷˶ûʲôϵ̫ǵд֮ˣǽЩƷҲǽ̫Լҳһء
̫ҲԷɱ
뵽ƷȦɵ΢΢ͨ죬ȫɱ̲סͷ˳ԳƷΪͷųɱ⣬˷Բϰ
̤󷨵Ҷˮܺ·Դ˶ʱֻоһ̩ɽѹһĸоǰδеɱϯ
оƷҪɱǣ΢ɡ
ʱǲף֮ǰƷһʵûгͽǿƵġ
֮ǰΪѾƲ˳Ʒʵ
ڲŷ֣Ʒʵֹɲ⣬ֱǿ˿µĵز
ǻ֪׷ʲô飬óƷز
Ʒϵƣʱ䣬Ѿ֮еȫչˣΪҲǲϵľ
ֱ嵽˽ᵤ۷壬ͲһͿԿᵤڣ
ÿһ綼һżǿȥ֮Ҫľǹۻڽճ͡
ǿԿۻʵĽ׶Σ
ƷԸоÿʱÿʵڲϵǿС
ǣ֪ƵĵϸôƷʵ
ƣ˶ʱȻ֪Ʒô֪ƵĴڡ
ȻƷˣǵȻ˿ĳɣæ˵ش˵ĻǸǴĻʳ֮Ժĵӣһʵֻ±һҪǿ
㻹ǿƷɨһ۴ܵ
ǵģǳѱ͢Ҳĺæ˵
ĺһĺƷ˵Ȼս飬Ҿ֮أ
໥һۣȻԤϵǰ㣬ƹȻǵ˳Ʒ
ҲãǳƷҲãǿһ鷳ʵԶԶ֮ϣ޷⣬ܾˡ
һҪɢ˰ɣһºκ׶ϣҸǽƷ˵
οأƷȻôưոݡ
뵽ƷɽͼĿռ֮УԼǻһݹ⣬ʧԭء
˼Ʒ뿪ɴһһ໥һۣ˱˴֮еǼҡ
ǴܣΪ𵤾ĸ֣ڴ˷Ӧ޵еĴڲŶԣ˭֪ʦδֱôһĹ
ͱǻҪСʵȻԵǣôԿ
֪Ƶô˳Ʒ˫Ҫˣ
Ҷˮʱĵ˵ܹܵĳƷǾɱԲڿЦġ
ƷˣǾûǵ鷳ˣ·Դæ˵
ǳƷˣ˭ǽ⿪ܶʱЦõ˵
ôҪ취⿪ԲܽϣϷŹǵϣҾͲˣûа취⿪
Ϊ𵤾ĸ֣Ȼĸôܾô׵ľͶԳƷͶֻҪһ˿һĻᣬԸŹ
˵뿪һƬޱ޼ʵɳĮ뿪һƬɳĮ֮󣬲µϢʱǲףΪʲôƷɱ죬ŭˡ
ΪƷȻֱӽųն
ֶ֮˶զ಻ѣ֪õϢĳƷ϶ҪƲݵġ
ʱºȻ˶ڴųƷĻعʱڴӴκϷǸһɽ֮УƷ̤ŶݹӰ䵽
ʱһӰɽ֮ед˳嵽˳Ʒǰ
磬ˣˣȫˣ˶ɱˣ
Ʒһȴǳ˭ء
ֻǳǰʱ緢ȥޱǱȫԱشദҲ˼̲ס
磬ҪǱ𰡣ү̫ĳȫ˰


1582 ɱ˵۶
ſ޵ģ˴βͬһΣһǱκ޼뷨ӾȻ䣬Ƿû¡
һΣųնȻֻһ˵ѣ
ƷˮܿʹӳǱߵ֪˾ǰڵ۶սǰߣ۶һ˴ɢ
ױƴڻ֮£һʱս֮ϣҲûνİҲȥˣֱӴɢҲˡ
Ͼÿ˶ǳƷк˵ִɱͽɱ¡
ɽ˺οϰˣǽ𵤾ĸҪɱЩҲǺѵ飡
űһȻûת۶Ѿ˵˳űն飬Ȼٻת۶
һɽ֮УԴ֮ǰ˱͢Щųն֮󣬳Ҿ˷֮ġ
κ޼ɶڳҿνмӣ˭Ҳ֪ʲôԺĻʵҲδػôγҡ
νߣ˺ʱ򣬳Ҿһɽ֮пܻأֻǴϿǿġ
ŸƷϢ֮󣬵һʱȴƷΪ֪ƷֻҪض
Ȼ˳Ʒ
磬̫ˣûãֻԶԶĿһۣ˵ͷ­ڳǽϰҿҶĿźޣҲûӹ
̶ֻ̼ʱ䣬žʹӳƷոʶʱǸɬ꣬ѾɳΪһꡣ
ΪҲӵͨѾͨ۷壬ν죬гƷĽ̵֮⣬ҪǣΪκ޼ɵĹϵֱϣܹܵԴǵİٱǧ
˵ҲԴһ̣
츳£Դٱǧٶȣͬն
ȻڣҲסˣڳƷǰ
̫ûˣûðֻĿŴ
ź
ʲôƷ˵ᣬЩΪļһͳͳɵ
ʱƷҲѾŭգҲѾ˲õЩһʲôͷʲôı
ȻԷųģҲһͷڹ꣡
Ʒлź˵Ĵɱη壡
ҳŵ㣬ֿǸƵԴ
Ʒ˵
ã
Ųᣬ֪ڳֻʣͳƷˣƷעǳ֮ֻ²һ
ӽԺ󣬳ֻܿһˡ
ԺͲһСˣҪˣƷ
ţ
ŵ˵ͷ
ܶԷ˭ҴӦ㣬һöԷۣƷҧ˵
ߣȥ۶Ȼ˿ڴҵҪмＸ
Ʒ˵ֱ꣬Ӵų̤Ŷݹ⳯ŵ۶ķȥ
ڳƷٶȺε֮죬Ƕ̶һʱʱѣƷͳ˾Ѿ˵۶֮С
ʱովһսĵ۶Ѿָȵķ٣Ȼʵ˲ʮѣûоսκĵ۶ֱͶˡ
Ƶǿѹ֮£κͷˣͬƷͷһھԵʵǰһҲõͷ
һȫʢʱǿ߸ôǿƵԶֻһͨ˵ץץһȻ˵
û˸ֱǿƣǲͨ˵ʢǿƣҪڷ֮¡
ƹڣүүȡ㹷ˣ
һŷŭĴֱڵ۶Ϸը졣
ʱ˵۶֮еĸʱ֮ڣڵ۶֮пν̫ϻʣ
ھȻ˸ֱӺƹ⵨ӿɲһĴ
һʱ䣬һӰ׷׷˳ֱӿ֮Уǿ˵ʱ򣬶ʱûŵĻɢ
Ƿڰ֮еˣȴǳźͳƷ˭ء
ƷأչΪΪ£ʱȴгƷ˿־塣
ĻˣȻˣ
ԳƷԸ϶ܾưոݵģ
ɽ¥
ƷأĻʳһνĸ̫ˣһҲ˫ȭѵְɣ
һʱ䣬۷׷ף˶ܹӳƷ˵ϸܵһɾ˵ɱ⣬ҲˣƷʵ˵Сˡ
ʱڵ۶һɽˮׯ԰֮УһȺ̸Ц


1583 ȡͷ
һȺһһΪɲ⡣
Щ˵ԱߣȻǴκڵĻʵκ˰һԣһһ㡣
˿ˣ϶ҪΪȵġ
׽û̫ˣûʲôĸ֣һ·ӱɨϣûзʲôһɫ˵
һˣû׽ڣʣµĶֻһȺ˶ѣ
һݣݿʵ꿪˵
ȷʵˣһȺ˵׽ʵ񻹲ʱҲȥնɱͷ壬ٺ٣
һưֱ˵
Щ޼ɵۣ׽򣬸ûнһԵĴκʵκ˰
κ˰Ҳͬɫ䣬·ԼЩ˵׽֮еһ㣬ֻһݳǸͲǻʼҳ
һصҪҵ׽פڣ˵Ҫ׽ĸ߼أ
Ǹֱӵ
ԣʱǰһѹҲ׽֮еϣҲòϣ׽ȷʵй֮
Щ˴ĿģʵΪ׽֮еĴء
ͨչĴи΢ǲĿ
ҪҵܹõһЩţǸʱΪܹѵҵҲܹΪоӢǲ˲أǸѱ룬˵
ʵǺүΪȡĻᣬĻȴ׽Ľ磬ӿ룬ҵȴչȭŵĻᣡ
ʱ֮ϣƾֱ˵
Ŀͬӥһ㣬ЩˣҵȼȻ˺үĺôȻҪΪү£үҴĻʳδǰ;ҵֻи˺үδܹ֮ĺô
֣Ȼ˵ҲףүңҪļԼİףҵͶүΪү£δүƽƣδûзĻᣬǸʱҵҲԺǰ
ʱһĽ˶˵ͷ˵
֪˭ĺôͿˣ˷үҪɱǸƷǶһЩʱɱƷȻүΪͣʱµҩȻͻƵֱ˵֮Ҳּͬɫ
˵ͬЩ׽֮иνݣȻڸԵ֮ȴжôĵ־ֻбϺүĴȣδг˷ֱϵıǮ
뵽ĻʳЩˣÿһΪҫǳǵˣҲȮ졣
ͻƵ˵˵Ƿǳѵģû˵Ҫϼʮϰ꣬ĻҲûʲôٽһĿˡ
ͻƵڴĻʳ˵һ׼ߡ
ʱκ˰ɫֻȴ˼ֺ棬үǺε
Ѿֲ֪ĴˣǳƷֳʤƶԶˡ
ƾȻҲֻΪǸү£ҿڿҪЧҺү
ǺεȾ˵Ĵڣֱ
Ȼ棬ȴ˿ıֳ֪ԼʵЩ˵ҲһָͷϣûʲôڸС
ƹڣүүȡ㹷ˣ
أһ춯۶
һ䣬Ƹɫ΢΢ѿ漴¶˼ϲɫ
ȻֱָԶӰ˿һǳƷ
ش˵Ļղ˵Ǹ˾ҵӳţԱǸǳƷκ˰֪Լæ˵
ȻЦһãȥȡԴ
һСѣαԳʱǸվëԼ˵ʲôµһ֣ɽϻӳƴˣҴȥȡԴ
ɨһǸĵǺãȥժԴʱүǱߣΪ빦
룬ûԼԶ֣׹ҲܵʲôӰ졣
ǺãȥժԴ
Цһ˻һݹ⣬ֱӳ˰֮еˡ
Ÿոպ껰ʱֻоһǵصĿֲϢϯ˹
ȴһֱɱ˹
Ʒɽеĺӣȡɱ⣬ģ
ʱ򣬴һȣ˷·һɽһ㳯ųƷѹ˹
һŵĿֲͨΪɽ˻һɽΪԽǿᣬ⻯ɽҲԽ


1584 һָ
е۷壬һֱͺȺɽѹ޿ɵֵ
ʱĵΪȻûдﵽĳ̶ȣǼˣҲѾ˵ʮ־ˡ
ֻϯϢѾóŸоˣ˵жˡ
Ȼʱ֮УΪͻͽվûп뵤ۣǿ˵ĴҲûκô
ΪľȻһ벽𵤾Ŀֲڡ
һ벽𵤾
Ʒ⣬ȻĻʳʵˮƽԶ׽֮ϣ׽֮У벽𵤾νǷëǣһֶֻĹ
ЩĻʳĸ֮УȴżʣҲǽᵤ۷壬ѰĶǰ벽𵤾
ʵ֮ǿ׽ܹġ
ڳŸоԼҪϢʱأһº͵ƽУղּϢϢһʧӰˡ
֪ʲôʱ򣬳ƷѾվǰ棬ȻֻǿһȴôϵƻΪΡ
ʱڵ۶֮УȺŴĳ֡
һɽһŰɽڰɽ֮ҲǺľѧˣĻǺĵأȻܹѧһͨȻˣ
֮ǰһɽڵĸʩչɽνޱ޾һƬѹһ˻ûн־ѾƵˣ
ֻƾһ֣ʸҵһ۵
Щӵ޼ɵŴĵĳ֣ڳƷǿǲֻһܴ˶ѣҪʲôʱȫǵ˼
֮ǰҲûеƷϣȻƷӦŽᵤսѰ˿¼ˡ
ǶЩ˵ᵤΪƨ˵ʸûС
ƷƲһѹɽֻЦһָ˳ȥƷһָһһ㣬˲佫ɽп롣
¶дĵӰ
Ҳû뵽ԼȻôƷƳԭΣͨƷȡ
ң㻹ԶأĴһϵķٶȼˣһûôƷˣƷȻȷʵмŵ
뵽ֱһӡ
ɽӡ
ӡǱȰɽӸֶΣֱһ̫鱧һ̫ɽѹһ
ֲϴŲƥе˲
һͨȷʵʮ˵ãƷ֮ж֮̾⣬Ҳͽֻ˶ˡ
ɽӡƣ
ƷһȣǼ򵥵һָһָƽƽ棬ȴ˵Ŀ£˲˺ѿ˱ɽӡٶ¶дĵӰ
أ
ƿ˱ɽӡ֮󣬳ƷֱһָȥƲֱӵ㵽˴ĵϡ
ʱ˾ֻĵϱƷָŷĽֱӶһ󶴡
ϴŵڼ׺ͷһ˲ȫʧˣ׼ȷ˵ǱƷһֱˡ
ĵɴ۾޷ţԼȻƷһֱָӸɱˡ
û˿ĻֶΣֻǼһѣ
ԼȻһס
֮ǰѼ鱨ɳƷҲһᵤ۷ˮƽǺεȿЦ顣
ֻǴʱоٵţҲҵѼ鱨κ˰鷳ˡ
䣡
˾ֻıƷһֱУȻͬһϵ䵽˵ϣĿ
⡭ȫǸ֣ȫĿɿڴɵۡ
ڵ۶ղŻ̸ۣɱ˳Ʒܹ֮ʲô͵ЩĻʳĸִʱȫĿ࿴һĻ
ͬһֻղŻڲϽŵѼӱһס˲һ˲˵ˡ
ǲǰһĻϾǴΪӾ磬ӹ˵ĶΪǰ벽𵤣֮ȻμģҲ
ڴ˷֮ӦøûеֲŶ԰
һ·ɨ֪ûһˣҲѾǵ棬Ǿô˷Ҳˣûʲôںġ
Ȼ˭֪ŵʱ򣬴ĵݺݴһ⡣
ƷʲôҲˣƫƫֻ򵥵һָѣ
ʱЩһ˲侯ӴŲ٣ȴɵǼ̾͵˶ԳƷۡ
òһ𵤾ĸְɣ
ͷɵðôһͷ
˵ǲǹǣ鱨׼
һƢ꣬Ľ˶ʱŭֱһŽһ̵κ˰߷ڵأֱӽκ˰߳ˣͬһֻϺһ


1585 һɱ
κ˰ͬɵˣҲףΪʲôѼ鱨᲻׼
ֻһǰ鰡
һʱ䣬ڵ˵ʲô
οһǰƷҲǸոտŶԣôֽͻơ
Լ鱨ʲôԣʱЩĻʳĸֱһϵƣҲûпӴĻʳֵıҪͿԡ
ˣˣ
ʱһһưվ˵ʲôãһ϶ѣ
Ŀɨ֮ϷŵĳƷͳţսĿ˳Ʒϡ
ȻңԶĿȴӰ죬ܹǸһµ꣬Ȼ
ֲ֮ˬ顣
ɱ˴Ķѣʲô𵤾ȥɱ
Цһ˵
ɺСĵ㣬Ʒеаţ
΢΢أ˵
ȻھöƷο£Ҳ֮ǰȫƷˡ
ȻүԶҪɱȷʵôˢӣǵ֮
ǸɺЦһ˵Ҳ˽𵤾أ׽֮ﻹʲô˲õĴУܴͬʮ
ЩĻʳĸ֣Ҳͬ˵ͷǿǺ顣
ͬǽ𵤾деӵܺûдеҰ·ӣ¡
ɢ޵Ľ𵤾ûкõĴУʲôͨ书ȱΪǡ
ǵʵŴɵӵܱǲ̫Զˡ
ɺЦֱ̤Ŷݹ˳Ʒͳŵǰ
һģأҳô
Ʒ˵
˵ǺôĿ
ɺһЦ˵
ȻղŶڳƷлмּɵȫΪŭ
㲻ҵĶ֣͹
Ʒޱ˵
ôĿ㲻ɱңȴԴȥͣɺЦһ漴ֱһӳˣв֪ʱѾһڱһڱϯ˿µĵ⣬ϯһ㣬ϯ˿
ʱ򣬳ƷҲˣķŷ˿Ȼһӡʱǰһ黯ӰӣȻֱӱһ޴ޱȵɽĵѹȥ
˻ʲôǲǱɽӡ˶ɵˣƷʩչģȴǱɽӡʲôء
ղǴʩչıɽӡѾΪ֮ˣǺڳƷʩչģС׼ˡ
Ʒʩչıɽӡֱһһɽ
ͨⲻѧµģ
ôѧģЩĻʳĸ֣׷ɵˣɽȻ̸źʹУǱɽӡͰɽȷʵж֮ġ
壬һܹΪµĸ֡
ڣȻô򵥵ıƷһ۾ѧˡ
Ҫ֪ĴͷβҲʩչһεıɽӡѣǺεȾ˵ѧϰ
ǵȻǱɽӡѧˣɽӡѧĻôֻ¶һˡ
ؼһָҹҹ㣬ûĹҲѽɽӡڻͨ
˵ֻǿһΣѾɽӡʩչʤ
ǺεȾ˵

ĵն˱ɽӡϣղڴûʩչһȫȫͷ˳
ֱЩ⣬ȻѸײڶ֮Ƴɺȥ
ɺʱɫ䣬ʱоһвʱһȣڵĽһӹâֲķӿ˳ֱֱͨӿеı
ƣ
ɺһȣһնضžҵĶһȻ£ضű˺˿
أ
ǵһ䵽˱ɽӡϵʱ򣬾Ȼֱӵ˳ȥ
ɽӡڲϵ£ʱڳƷʩչıɽӡ͹Գ˺ڴĵʱеʱȫͬģǵĿ¡
űɽӡɽϵ£ɽӡܾȻڲϵӣǴĶһ㡣
Ҳ֤ˣƷڱɽӡ֮ϱȴĻǿ
ƣƣƣɺʾŭеĽ𵤶˳ķȼգγһһӭɽȥ
䣡
һ޴ޱȵĺֻƷ治ɫѹɽӡֱӽɺĽ𵤴ķ飬ջ籩ը鿪
ţƷıɽӡȥƲֱ䵽ɺϡ
أ
ɺһҽУֱӵը˿
һ𵤾Ŀ֮£䣡


1586 ˾
˿űɽӡһɺס˺·Ǽ˹һ
벽𵤾ĴıƷһָ𵤾ɺҲûõĶȥȻֱһкɱ
ҾȻõĴĵͨѧ
⵽Ǹжǿ
̫ˣô̵ʱ֮ڣȻѧ˱ɽӡ
ѵǸô
ʱ֮ǰοƷЩĻʳĸ֣ʱҲɵˡ
ӸƷչֳʵνͳԵģЩΪ߸ϵĴĻʳӵܡ
Ѿ˽𵤾ɺǶ֣һкɱ֪һζǵ˶𺳡
׵׵ĵ߸ǵۣ
һﰡĹܹܵôʱ򣬾ԭŵˣʱҲʼԼʺãǵûпܻǻɱʵĳƷˡ
ڵ۶֮и˵ʣҲһ޴𺳡
Ƶ˳ֵʱǼΪڳƷʱӦѾȥˡ
Ʒ֮ǰֳʵˣҲһѰĽᵤ۷ѡ
ƵˣץһʵԶԶֻˣ
һȫʢʱĴĻʳȻǲ֪Ҫǿˡ
ǴʱǲףڳƷʱûйȥǸ޷Ʒǿ
ǲ֪ʱ򣬳ƷѾɳѹһǿеĳ̶ȡ
ԵЩĻʳĸ֣ƷıҲ˿
̫ǿˣǹʦ
ЩţûнǵΣ
ǽҵȵһǻǱʦһɱ
һΪжô˲أڿҲ˶ѣ
ǲҪСǣǲǿһ˶ܹƵ۶ķǰǿҲʲôֻǹʦ̫ǿˣ
ʦµһ˵ŹȻǼٵģ
Щ۶֮еĸ֮ǰѹĲ˵Щ޼ɵϵ˵֮ǰƷҲûô֡
ȻԸƫڳƷһˡ
һɱ𵤣µһˣ
˸пһ˵
˻һе֮еʱȴƷֻĮɨһ·˵ƣڻҪͷڹôɱҳȫңΪ˱ôˣҳô
˾һݣΪǶ֪ĴսҪˣһǰδеĴս
չֳǰδеĿʵĳƷʱԭΪʲôʵһսıʡ
ãããƷѰ·
Цһֱ˳ɫм࣬ζҪըˡ
Ȼ鲻࣬ʵѾƷð
Ʒֱڴɱ䣬ɲǸô
Ȼҵҵɱˣˣ
Ʒ˳
ţͬʱһȺ꣬Щÿһģÿһڲͬ
Щ˼˳ѹ㹻һƵˡ
˭ǹףƷĿֻɨһЩˣûйעơ
ųƷĻЩĻʳĸֶ׷׽Ŀ⼯еһϡ
ǸʱЩӵѣⲻǽȫ¶˳Ʒǰô
֮ǰνģΪѹҲûнƷȻڣһɱ˵ĳƷ˾޴ѹȸС
ҾǣʲôǸ׸Ȼ񣬵ʵԼûз֣м顣
ƷĿ£ֱͬһУͷ֮ϡ
˵⣬ҳ֮˵ͷڳǽ֮ϣƷĮȻ˵
ã
˲ֻоԼ׹ߣ·һͷµԶ޸һ
֮ǰδйӵĸоԼֱһĸо
Ǳܵģֱӽ²ȳһĶݹ⣬ʧԭأԶߡ
ߣǿЦ
Ʒ΢΢һΣѾʧԭˡ
ã
ʱƼ̾ͷ˳ƷҪʲôæҪ赲
ٶȣʱﻹܹ赲סƷ
ȴƷ֪ʲôʱ򣬾ȻѾ˹׵ǰһЦĿŹס

һȣƵ˾ֱһƳųƷȥһ췭ظĪܡ
һ£ɫĲҰףȼһ


1587 ɱ¾ǰҲ
̾ӵľѭԼıܣ
ıܸԼô»
Լһ˲䣬׾ѾȼԼ˳Ʒ
һ̫ˣȼ˹׵ٶ˼Σǰ벽𵤾Ϊһֱĳ˽𵤾
أ
һֱ˳Ʒϡ
׵ֻǸոϲ飬룬ȴһһһڰ֮˿䵽˳Ʒȴ޷κε˳Ʒ΢˵Ʒ
ôܣĲţΪȼ֮ȫ֣ôƷƷ
ƷЦһĻʼսǵУֵεĹüͷһ¡
׵ʲôĵز׶ʱʧɫҪߣǴʱﻹü
ƷڸղѾˣֻǼ򵥵һ˹ֻǼ򵥵һѣʲôơ
һʵ죬ɲǼ䣬Ѿ˹׵ǰؿڡ
أ
һҽУֱٶȱ˿һƬѪ¡
һ벽𵤾
˶ɵˣǵ۶֮еĸһĻֱǼ˹һĲ˼顣
ƷŸոճ֣Ƕ̶̵ʱѣɱ벽𵤣һ𵤾ĸ֡
ּĸ׽֮һԽӴȻȴƷһɱˡ
ûи׷ʲôĻʳĸ־
ʲôвһһβʶˣĲһ
޵Уʦǵ޵УЩĻʳ֮Ҳ˿·簡
۶֮ΪƷǿƶܣͬҲΪƷǿƶ̻̲ա
ΪǱ˳Ʒ˻ʵκ޼ɣѡͶƵˡ
ʱ򣬳ƷԽǿô˵ҲԽǿ£ΪƷǿƣҲζǿܻᱻ㡣
ôܣΪʲôôǿΪʲôôǿκ˰ŶӣǻһѪǸղűɺһ߳Ľ
Ŀס˰֮ϵĳƷ޲ýƷʬΣ֪Լĵز
κ˰ֵʸûС
ޱȵĿֻţκ޼ɣһץס˳ҵˣųնҲһָġ
ƷڻˣôܾӷŹǣ뵽ֻоԼĺ󱳶Ҫˡ
ΪʲôôǿΪʲô
κ˰Ȼûа취ӰĵƷһн״֮ĿֿƵˡ
Ʒ֣Ѿ׽Щ֮ӵĽˣǵ۵мԼûôĵ
浽ˣһһƷͥŲһһһÿһͺǲǵͷ֮һ
ãããƴһһ֪㵽Ƿ˶Ĵ󣬽ɱҴĻʳ֮ˣգұضҪѪϴ׽ǵѪĿ
â˸ɱݺᡣ
ͬһϯһը
Ȼɱ㣬ÿһзݣǶ
Ʒһ΢΢һΣʧԭأ漴һ䣬ѾɱЩĻʳĸ֮С
ãע⣬ֿ
ʱзӦĿƷʧԭأʱãæһ˵
ǴʱѾˣ֪ʲôʱ򣬳ƷѾǰָɨһâͷ­ɳȥ
Ʒ֮־˵ɱ⣬֮ǰ·ϾѾ˽ˡ
ŵĲҰЩ˶в룬ÿһ߲˲߻߲жûһ⡣
ЩȻǺһģŴҲûǻΪɱһЩɡ
ѹҲûн׽е˷Ҳ׽е˵
ɱֻΪ˽ƷƳǿʵˡ
ʵϣҪǺүнǸôȤûУƷǵһ㡣
ڣƷıѣǵЩ߸Ϊ˷֣ڿµɱ¾ǰҲᵨ
ƷĶֺֿݣд⣬ֹͬˮкһϯ˳ȥһжܴһˡ
ֻƬ֮ĹѣЩ֮ǰҫҪóƷͷȥ֮ˣͳͳѾն䡣
ֻʣһƣ


1588 ֪ҲẦ£
Ʒ̫
ޱȷŭƷȻҵɱˣһɱʮĻʳĸ֡
Ȼ֮ĹϵҲδжôܣܹۼһҲΪĹϵ
ǳƷ־ٶ˵ֱץžžͷĿѣ
Ϣȥ֪Ĳ
˭Ҳ֮УȻôˣǰδе顣
ˣűѪϴɾɣ
ҧϣһһķڱѡ
ɻƷĿ˵֮ǰǲ˵ϲɱйˣˣҲϲɱйˣͿ㵽жٹˣ
ɱң
ĹЦҿɺЩﲻһ
ķһƬĻһǿֲѹ۶
µĽ𵤾ĸ֣
ɺʵ˵ƸʤһѾ˽𵤾ڣЩ˲ŻΪ
˵ظ˸˵ɱǴɽƣ
ƴһƬ֮䣬Ѿ˳Ʒˡ
˫൱Զľ룬ֻƬ֮䣬ƾѾ嵽˳ƷǰµٶȣδŵĿֲ
ɽȭһʽɽ
ƴһһȭֱӺ˳ȥɲǼ䣬һȭŹȭ֮ͬƳųƷϯ˹
ǴɽڵĳȭǵɽڵĿʦүʽɽڵĴɽ֣Ҳйء
ϣһȭһɽ廯ΪĩͬС

ƵϴżֲЦݣұ߻ӳȭͷϷ·һ޴ޱȵɽ壬ÿһȭ£ɽһ㣬ףֲ
أƷڶˣֱ̯ƣ͵һӻ˳ȥȻ֮Ƶȭͳͳץһ
ôܣ
ƸոջմմϲƷֱѰ·ȻͽֽĴɽȭֱ֪ߵغ
ϾͷˣԼһȭȻƷ׾ٵĸץסˣܹɽȭҲڳƷֵץ֮£һһı鿪
ֱ޷һôôµĵزȽ
ʲôɽȭ˶ѣһѧˣѧôƷ˵ɽȭƷû
ԺеĻʼս֮Ҳ֪¼˶پ׵ѧÿһץϵ
һŴɽȭֱڸЦ
˵ʲôƶʱŭƷǵûнʦŵϾѧͬˡ
Ƣ̸жãʱŭա
һξյײԱ֮ȴƷҲõ۶֮еĸϲӡ
֮ǰ׳Ʒκ޼ɵǾϲ֣Ʒֳʵ̫ǿˣƵĹ赭дĽ֪жôĿ¡
ʦȻǸҲǹʦĶ֣
ʦ̫ǿˣϣˣ
ĳƷΪʲô
۶֮иԶԼͷʱڵ۶ϷõĶŻڼ
ƷֻǵĿʵԩ޳Ҫң²ֻΪνµһͷɣ
νµһͷҿֱǿЦ֮ɽϻӳƴЦһתһ˵ţһʵҳƷ
һν棬׵˶ԳƷӣʣƷȷʵӵԱȼʵΪ֮Ŀ
Ŀ֮УƷ֮վҲ̸жķ©һʲô书һ
ɲжϣʲôЦһնʮ벽𵤺ͽ𵤾ֵĿ´ǲ书»Ƕ书ô
ȷʵҪɱ㣬˭ҲûҪ֪ΪһˣҲ֪ô࣡ȵ˱㲻ӫӫ֮֮Զѣ
Ʒ˵ͷȻˣĲ࣬Ʋ̫Īıˡ
ӫӫ֮֮ԣЩ˸߸ϵʱˣԼˣǰԼ죬ҲƷЦ˵ҵҪǺηʥȻ㲻˵Ҿ˵
ңƾ㣿ƻ䣬ѾʧԭأԭղЩȻ۷һ˲䣬Ѿ˳Ʒǰ
ڳƷ˵ʱѾ֣һ⣬һס
ɽȭڶʽѵأ


1589 
һը죬һ˿һȭֱӽһը˿
һȭֱӴ˳գ˲ѾֱӺ䵽˳Ʒϡ
أ
һ޴ޱȵĺͬײһ
һȭȷʵӵѰ˸޷Լһ𵤾ڵΪֵ쾡¡
˴۾ǣܹصһȭƷ˿ϵ·û΢һЩ
治ɫֱӽƵһȭ
ܣ
ֻоһɿµ˻ԼȥһȭȻƷ˿ķ˻
Ʒ֮ǿ󣬼ֱҲǳԽ
һƷڼ֮ҲôΪᱻֱһȭˣֱӱ
ȭͷϣȻ͸ѪǱѪ
Ʒ̫ǿˣǿоƷӦûûп𵤾ڣսȴо˵
ɱ㣡
һŭ˫֮б˺˵ɱ⣬Դ׽ʲôʱԹôĿʲôʱûа취ˣƫƫԳƷʱ򣬸Ƕ֡
ٶȼ֮еķȭͷ֮ϣͭ׸˳һ
һͭȭϵĻƼΪӣһɿֲķĲ
˶ܹһͭȭϸܵ޴ѹ
ֻ֮ǰû˼ƶùһͭȭף˭Ҳ֪һͭȭжôǿ
Ҫ飡
ŭһ˾һ䣬ɲǼ䣬Ѿɱ˳Ʒǰ
ɽȭʽʽ
һȭһȭ֮ǰ
һȭ̫ˣʦܹӵôͷɵͷ״̬֮µ̫ǿˣղҪǿϺü
е˼
ƷΪֻ¶˼Ц
µĹ˵ȴҲ˶ѡ
״̬֮µƲŲΪ֮Ŀѡ
˲ȭ
ƷͬһȭɲǼ䣬ֱݻ˰˲ӰɲǼ쳹ʡ
һȭֱӺƴɽȭȭƣȻƺ䵽һ

һ޴ޱȵĺ޴ޱȵɽײһһ
һƵĹƷʾԹԹ
ƱֱӺ˺ü˲͵˳ȥֻоԼ˫۶ڲߵһ
Ʒ޳Щһʵʮ־ˡ
ֻһȭͽȫƸ˳ȥ
ҾͲˣ
ŭһųƷֵܹΣ˵ҲԸš
ɽȭʽʽ
ٶһȭڵķŷӿ
ƷҲͬٶ԰˲ȭȥ
䣡
䣡
䣡
񷶼Ų۶֮У˾״Ŀϵˣڽһ
ʲôзǳԼҲˡ
ڵ۶֮еĸ˵ǿľƲϵҪһȭͱƷɳȥ˺һ˵۶
һʼʱ򣬻ܹǿֵʱƣľʧȥ˵ֿ
˿ƻԡѪ·Ѫ̳һ˺Ѫɫһ¡
Ķ棬Ʒȴƽᣬϵĺ˲ȭÿһȭо춯ص
أ
ڣһαֱӺ˳ȥײɽ֮ϣɽ嶼Ƭֱɽ֮С
ʱѾƷһĹͷĿѣԡѪܲƣǱƷһȭһȭġ
ƷĽ֮Уȫȫ·磬Ϊݵͭȭ׾ȻҲڸղŵײ֮УƷһȭ˷顣
ƶѾɵˣĴԱ޾ʹţʣµľޱȵľ
ʲôĹͽ־ͷǿȣڴĻʳ֮УҲǼΪġ
˵ڽ֮вŷ֣ƷȻǽ𵤾ǽᵤ
ý𵤾ڵĸ֣Ȼһᵤ߸ˡ
֮ǰѹͲŻӵ飡
ڣ飬Ѿʵ
Ժһ˲˼ʱ򣬳ƷѾǰȻʵ˭ָʹģ˵ҿʹһ㣡
֪ʹȥɣ
Ķס˳Ʒһ˲䣬ڵĽ֮ӿ޾˲Ա


1590 ɱŹ
¡
еĽֱԱγһ޴Ģƣڶ
ڰеĵ۶֮еĸֶĿɿڴĿһ޴Ģơ
ڴһսȻĻͷβԳƷȫȫռϷա
ʵԳƷʱ򣬺޻֮Ǳ˵ġ
˼һˢ˶ԳƷӡ
ʦǿ£ÿһʱ֮ʵͻͻͽĽչ
µһ֣ʵġ
˵УϣЩĻʳĸһ·£֪ѹ˶ţһƬҡ
Ǵκովˣ˵ʵӦǿʱ򣬽ȫȫһĩյľȺΪһ
ʱ˶ϣƷܹվƽ£
ڳƷҲչֳ㹻ƽµʵһʱ䣬Ϊ˵ϣ
һĢƻɢȥ¶гƷӰƵԱѰͬΪ𵤾ڵĸҲҾôֵĽǳƷȴ̫ͬǿˣƾǿ赲
Ʒޱ飬ֱ˵۶֮УڲԶĳѾʼһһҵʬ塣
˵ͷ­˳ǽ֮ϣʬҲ棬ͬһ㡣
ţʹڣǧ˵ʬҵǽ¡
Ʒθոշ۶֮УͿһȺѹڵκ˰˳Ʒǰ
عʦ
ʦˣλҪߣñײˣҵȽɹʦ˴ã
ƷɨһЩˣÿһǵ۶֮еѫļ
ɵɨЦЩ֮ǰҲǵһʱͶ»ʵۣڿƲֵһʱ䵹˵ǽͷҲΪ
ƷøǼƽϣЩνĴ֮Ҳˡ
ֻĿǰκ޼ɡ
ڵκ޼֮ǰķ⣬ȫһɥ֮Ȯģ
㻹ʲô˵ģƷ˵
Ʒܿܣûʲô˵ģֻǿɺްƾʲôκ޼ܵʵۣҾͲԣκ˰Ķס˳Ʒ޲ýƷʬΡ
ûҾǱɱģȫɱ⣬Ҫʹļףκ˰Ĵ
ڤ粻飡
ƷһһֻĴץ˳սκ˰ץһѪ⡣
ңѾһУȵȵ۳Ϊ»ʵۣûУ
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ȻûУΪ
ʱЩѫȨﵱȻܷԣǵǽͷҲһˡ
Ҫȫɱκ˰ҵɱûŹͳͳɱֻңƷһɱڵ֪һȥֻǣ㣬ͷء
һΣЩ˵ΪѾ״˳ƷۣóƷ޿̡
ŵ
ЩӦŵ໥һۣ֪۶ȻһƬѪȷ硣
ǴʱѾҲûбѡˣǲҪˡ
Ʒ֮󣬵ת뿪ˣһս֮Ҳ˽Ļ޶ˡ
ҲԸڵ۶֮У
ʱһս֮Ȼ۶ΪµĽ㣬Ļʳǰĸ֣ԶԶֻôˡ
ƵҲóƷ˼־裬Ļʳǰĸ֮УֻǸơ
Ҫ˽ǴĻʳһʲô
ڻûиʼĩ֮ǰҪΪʸ֮ģ
ȵ˳ǣѾ˳˵ʬףŵ˿ռָ֮С
Ʒصŵǰҵĺ¾ͽٰˣ
ã
˫Ŀͨ죬мį
Ƹӣʴٴ죬㽫ҴլȥҵϢ
Ʒ˵
ˣ
ŵ˵ͷ֪£ͰﲻϳƷ
Ļʳĸ̫ǿˣץһԶԸ˵ġ
˵֮ǰûֱ̫۵֪Ļô֮ǰƼһ֮ش˴κİǴɢ
ʱˣ𵤾ĸжôǿжôĿ¡
ָ֣˶ûκô
Ҿˣ
Ҳûж飬ת̤Ŷݹ⳯Ŵǵķȥ
ƷҲֱ̤Ŷݹ⳯һȥ
ܿ죬ƷһԱߣҶˮԼüϵĵط
Գˣ
ųƷһ£һµӰ˳
ȴǱˣҶˮ
ôֻһƷüͷ΢Ҷˮ˵أ
ʱѾ뵽ʲô֮вɵɱ⡣


1591 δϢ
Ҷˮɵ̾һȻ˵ǲˣ
ƷһתҲΪʲôЩÿĸ֮ôĸԸΪƷʹ
Щˣÿһ׽֮е˵һôʵİݷ
֮ǰǱƷĲòͷֻҪ˿Ļǿ϶ͻߡ
ΪˣԳƷǵ֮˭֪ˣȻѡ˱ѳƷ
Ʒû뵽һ㣬ֻû뵽ô̵ʱǾѡ˱ѡ
ô˵ҵ˿ԶԸҵİ취ôƷЦһ˵
Ҷˮ˵ͷΪԷӡӡסڵ
ѹˣ
ƷЦһӡԷӡ¼еĶҲÿǵķӡжˡ
ɲѰķʲһ֣ĸΪ˵Ժһʱľǻ߱ҪԹ
ҲΪˣŭնɱһս˶ߣ¡
ַ䵽˻ʾУ¼˻ʼս֮С
߱ûа취뿪˵·Դʹˡ
ΪܹԷӡӡסӶԱⱻƷơ
Ʒֻ˵ˣƷʵȻܺ͵Ǹȣ·ԴʹҲֻ߼ĸ֡
ǻ棡
ƷЦһ
Ҷˮɵÿһ۳Ʒ֪Ϊʲôʱ򣬳Ʒܹ˵ĻַӡҲȷʵѹһС
Ȼ˵ĻΪʲôأƷҶˮʵ
ΪҺǲͬ
Ҷˮҡҡͷ˵
ҿżɽ˵˰ɣĿΪ˽׽֮㣬ҵĿҲҵ㣡
ңƷɵȻĿҶˮΪ治֪ҶˮȻҲҪġ
Ҷˮ˵ͷ˵ҲУѰģ
Ʒüͷ΢ҲЩɻ
ʵʦУǰ׽֮ѰģҶˮ
Ʒʱ΢΢һ䣬ˣܻмֻɣ˼Ļôһо˵ͨˡ
ѹҶˮҲûܡ
ԭҲĿģ
Ȼˣ֮ǰΪʲô˵Ʒʵ
֮ǰΪ˶ӣҲûֱ˵ߵҲ̫ˣҲû˵ʲô
ҶˮЦһ˵
Ȼ˼ģǾԼˣЩÿʸ
Ʒֱӿ˵
ʱһֱѰ˼䣬û뵽Ȼȥ˴ĻʳƷ⵽ôһ£
ҲǺ֮ǰʦȣʦģʦҽ׽ȻǲҲӣҶˮֻ֪ʦĻʳ֮󣬱ܷ俤ܱµĿأĵʦԭֻл˲ܹؾ֮У
Ʒɵ΢΢һȻ֪ĻʳľԼδڴĻʳδʲôΣգ෴ģλ
俤ǸʲôţĻʳǸʲôƷʵ
Ҷˮ˵俤ķ֮һһǲ֮Ůӵģ˵Ϊʦ˴Ļʳ£ǳ˻Ҫķţ
漴Ҷˮ½½Ʒ¶һЩڴĻʳ飬ƷڶڴĻʳһ˽⡣
֮ǰ֪ʹκ֮ͬȨΪӴ󣬵ʲôҪôҪô͵ԶԶĶ㵽Ľܹ֮档
ڴκ֮УЩŵʵǸǿһЩܹӰ쳯
ĻʳһģʽŵʵǼǿ
ڴĻʳ֮Уνʮ֮˵ʮ֧ŴĻʳ֮´󲿷ֵȨ
ʮŵǴĻʳʮ֮⣬ŵҲдĻʳķ
˵ڴĻʳ֮УŵǰδеǿĻʳʵ͵ġ
ĻʳĽޱߣǿޱȣһž൱һķͳŴĻʳĹ
ԴĻʳĻҵȨǴκô󣬵ҲȻС˼ܹ÷俤Ҳ൱ˣҲڴĻʳ֮վ˽Ÿ


1592 ǬԪ
һδĻʳ֮Իĵ֣ʵΪԭһֱص׽Ĵ˱ץˣϱʳ˽׽İ취Ҷˮ˵ھ׽֮⣬ʮһ׽֮еĽ磬ʮͻֱӻӾ£ʱ׽򶼻ݣ
ֻʮôƷüͷ΢˵
磬㲻ҪСʮ
ҶˮֱӸĿ˵
ʮɲ׽֮е־ӣҴĻʳľӣʮͨ˶ͨʮ˶Ӷӳǵأ
Ʒʱһֵһĸоʮȫͨʮ򳤱ǵ֣Ҳ˵һ֧򵤾֡
ִҲֻˡ
Ȼ֮ǰ֪ĻʳʵӦԶ׽֮еĸ֮ϣҲû뵽Ȼܹǿزֱѹһϡ
һֻԺɨ£ֻ³Ʒĺ˵ҲκβľӰɡ
Ͼ򵤾ֲ½Ļֻº˵ҲκβˣҪ֮ǰӺɨʺǧǸܵ顣
һ֧ڶƷͻȻʶ˿׽Ҳֻʱ⡣
ȻˣΪʲôһ֧ûд֣Ʒʵ
һ棬׽֮еĽ绹ûȫ򿪣ЩʵҲǰ̽·ģЩкܶʵǴ̽ӣԴԴϵĴ׽֮е鱨ȵ鱨ѼˣǴ֮ʣҶˮ
֪Ϊʲôңƺ֪ҵ֣ⱳ󵽵˭Ʒʵ˵֮ǰֲֻ²ĻôѾǳ׵׵ȷˣȷʵģұָʹ
ûв´ĻӦǺͻйϵһδ׽ڣǻģĻǾûˣҶˮ˵
˭Ʒʵ
ҴĻʳͥһһ֣ǬԪʵɲ⣬ԶԶͬˣҶˮ˵֪ʵųǴĻʳһĵһҲ޲ɣЩΪĻʳĴս󹦣ЩϮѫ֮⣬һ֮еһҷĴڣ
˵ͬˣ˵ʵѾԽһЩŵܵУ
ҶˮĻóƷüͷԽԽʵҶˮ˵¾ǿһ磬Խ˴Ļʳ֮һЩŵ
Ҳ˵ҲһĴڣ
ԭǿǿ󣬺ûйϵ˾ǳˣôͲɵ֣Զԡ
飬ӦҲǺʦйϵ֪ʦĵĳΪ˳͢׷Ŀ֮󣬾кܶ׷ߣǬԪ֮һҶˮ˵
Ʒɵ΢΢¶˼ֿЦԭΪ˼ĹϵֻǬԪ֪Ķ֪ĴڣԲɱ⡣
ԲŻ˽Ѱ䣬ɱ
ƴžʹֻǴԼû뵽ԼʵܹǿǸزΪʤȯգɱˡ
Ҷˮ˵˼ڴĻʳ֮е׷ֻ²٣鷳ŲǸոտʼ
һֻŶҪˣǳƷȴû˿˼ĸǧ࣬ôܾ
һԵǺųʵɲǬԪ
Ҳ˭ȻҵۣҾҪۣƷ֮˸ɱ⣬Ϊ˱ųնЩףǬԪ
ҶˮȻĿųƷû뵽Ʒ֪ǬԪĴ֮󣬾Ȼûбŵ෴ģŷǿҵɱ⡣
ʱֻһоǾǲ֪ηΪƷ֪ǬԪĿ£Ÿ˵ĺ׳ɡ
ڴĻʳ֮Уû˸˵Ļ
ǬԪ֣ųǧԽǿţ츳ͥΪ֮Ŀ
˵Сʱһֻ׺׵ȥõһΪǿĴУССͱѾĻʳ
֮󣬸ǼĻʳ֮ĻʳĴս֪ɱ˶ٵˣɾĺպ
ܹΪĻʳһ֮еһĴڡ
ǴĻʳˣԼ޷ʲôһˮ롣
֮󣬱Ļʳ֮ĸ߲㣬ĻʳһС
Ʒ˵Ļ޷Ǿ֪ηˡ


1593 Ԫһ
ҶˮУǬԪǿ֮ͬи޿ƥС
ֵ֣ǬԪһ֮ɱ⣡
ƷĻʵֵһ졣
ȻڳƷܹһ֮ز֮д󲿷˶ҪǿҲúܾ
ƷǱҲͽ˶ѣںǬԪ֮Ĳǵһ㡣
ңƷڷٵĳɳǬԪҲڿٳɳУǬԪֳľǱֻû˻ǬԪǱֻǷļѡ
ҶˮҸ߳ƷĻʳ֮УһִţǬԪϹʱĳһλߵתǵ֮
޻ۣ°빦һǧѰȣͬն
ƷҲóҶˮĻҲǺںҶˮıܹĳֻǬԪʵԶڵ֮ϣԶҪǿ̫ˡ
Ⲣûкϵ
Ͳ󣬵ȴεս֪ٺųƾŵϡ
뵽֮˵ĲƷеŭһ㡣
磬֪·ԴʹѾһˣڸﲻɾ
ҶˮͻȻʲôһæ˵
Щ飬·Դʹ˶ûԼҲû뵽ҶˮתͶƷɡ
ϾǿҶˮӦǺͬ飬ҲὫ߳ƷŶԡ
޷ҵҪʲôֶΣƷЦһ˵
磬вģ·Դʹ˱ûа취Ըģȴһ˵ŵѹס˳ӦҲ˵ǷʥˣţҶˮ
˵Ǹһ֮ƴȵţƷȻȴҲ˵֡
׽֮пνһ飬ؾΪԭµκʹ˹׶
˴κ׶˾ƣһ֮ݻ˴κ׶ͳΡ
ڴҲһĴڣƸǿƼ֣ǾǷʥš
һ֮˴ĸȻѸײڶ֮ƹƴ׶ı˴ʵۣʵ¡
ǵһ棡
׽֮Уǰδе飬Ҫ֪Ʒڴκĳǻκ޼ɵ˰
֪źһ֮ҵʱ򣬻ĺ䶯
ز¼˲ŶȻһӷ֣һĸֿǿʲôĵز
ܺ·Դû̸ڵŴǰΧ˳㣡Ҷˮæ˵
ŵʵΣƷʵ
ֻǿƲǽ𵤾ڣһѾ˽𵤾ڣҶˮ˵磬ָĵر֪ʲôô
ʲôƷҲյƵ鱨ֻ֮ǰû̫ϣ룬ǿ֮и֮пĸʯĵرͳͳϽɣвӣ߱ûȫϽɵģš
֮ип಻ȴ˿ӣǱŵ³
ΪŸͲ׽֮еˣδҲ׼׽֮зչԸͲںԶķչֱĿͳͳϽɡ
Ҫͻƣڵ۶沼һ󣬴ΪԪһ󣡡Ҷˮ
ԭǻԪһ󣡡Ʒֻ֮Ȼ顣
֪ԪһôҶˮҲЩȻĿųƷû뵽ƷȻ֪ҲǷѾ˼֪һЩڻԪһһЩԵϢġ
һϹ󷨣ڴĻʳ֪֮Ҳ࣬û뵽ƷȻ֪
Ȼ֪ˣԪһǿԽĵرͳͳƳΪһֻԪ˵ôһΪһǧﲻڻ£
ƷԽ˵۾ԽԪһȻ֪ڻʼս֮бмء
ֻԪһףĵĵر࣬ҹֻǲóҪʯǺġ
ʾڻʼսϵļأڻԪһǲмһ˵ģΪ˵Լ۱̫ˣôӴԴֻȫһˣˣʵ㡣
һõ˻ԪһͼҲҲóڽ棬ǿڸ
׽֮ȴν޼ɵӶԴȫΪͽ׽֮еϡ


1594 ɱ
Ȼ֪Ԫһ飡Ҷˮ˵ͷ˵ʵϣԪһ󣬲һ˽ģ֮⣬кüǿĸ֣ʵŸǿǽԪһӶ׽֮еԴΪľͻƵ
Ʒ˵ͷЩȻĸо
ȻˣΪʲôֻһأƷЩɻʵ
ΪЩУŵʵģ˶Ѱ׽ڵĴУڲֳ飡
Ҷˮ˵
ŴĲֻһ˶ѣѾɱֻЩҲҪע⵽ˣ
Ʒ⣬Щ֮ǰֻ¸ûн׽֮е߷ϣ׽֮еһ㣬⡣
ڣڵֱƷնɱѱЩ˲һͬĸо
Щ˸ĶΪǿ󣬹ֻžǽ𵤾ڣսڵĳƷҪǿƷȻԱİգȴҲܻš
˵ҶˮбŸǿЩˡ
뿪ΪãҶˮ˵ҴǰʵǷʦָʾҪشĻʳȥ׽򱻹Ҳֻʱ⣬ʱ׽ͻҴĻʳ֮У
ѾֽӦʱֻҪڿĵط´󷨾ܹ͵Ļʳͨ͢Ĵ֪û˻֪ģҶˮĵȰ˵
Ʒ֪ҶˮһνҲӦ׼ȫҶˮķУӦܹһʱ뿪׽򣬽Ļʳ֮УպÿԱܿǬԪ
׽Ҳֻʱ⣬ǿޱȵĴĻʳ׽ûʤ㡣
ΨһóƷ΢οǣĻʳûд㽫׽ĸ𣬶ǴԼͳȥ
ĻҲͿ̿
Ҫ뿪ҲǾԲԸġ
Ʒ˶٣Ȼ˵ǻ뿪ǰһ޴Ļô벻ͻƵ𵤾
𵤾Ҷˮһžµ΢΢һ䣬ʼļظ
ôܲ𵤾ζҪﵽľ磡
һ˵˻ǬԪı̬֮⣬󲿷ֶڵ𵤾еٮٮߡ
ܹ𵤾֮ͬУҲңңȡ
ҪӰ벽𵤿𵤾˵ףʵһز֪ס˶ˡ
һϣ;ʱ򲻶࣬ͲܿͻƣôԺֻ³ɾҲޡ
һͻƣ˵ž޴ġ
Ҷˮ͵һͻȻ뵽ʲô˳Ʒ˵Ԫһ󣿡
ƷЦ˵ͷ˵ԪһѾɣĻԪ˵Ǵ󲹣ֲڣǧɱңҲζţڻԪһǱӦǰδеĿ飬ֻҪŲ򣬾ּߣ˵Ҳǲһǰδеĺûᣡ
ν벻ȡңƷ֮˸žâȻɱңãҾͶĸҪͻôҾƫƫĻᣡ
Ҷˮʱһ֪ƻʵʩɹĻ˵ھһ
ѾĻ뾡취һ׽֮УΪľǲ»ԪһԻԪӶͻƽ𵤾۷һѵ
һ֮УΨгѵ֮ϵĴڣʸ£Ϊųӣȫ硣
ƷһԪȡˣôͻΪʸ֮ģһڸֶŹġ
תһ룬ڵĳƷѵͲʸ֮ôҲһô
ĻǺſ¾ĲˣʱҶˮЩĵ˵
ʲôҶȡ˻ԪΪٽһʱ˭ɱ˭ɾͲ˵ˣȵǸʱնƷЦ˵
ʲôţǰԽնɱҲһ
ôƴһѵĻǾˣ
ƷɨһҶˮ˵
Ҷˮһĭ֪Ʒǿ˼ϣҪһ󸻹󣬷ĻͲҪһ
𵤾˵һջ󣬵ͬģջҲһµĶҩ
һͳƷ֣ôҪԣ֪֮
һ֣µĵ˵ͷлЯԸһ
ã
Ʒĵ˵ͷ漴Ҷˮ̤һݹʧԭء


1595 ͷȥ
ڳƷˮ뿪֮ûжãһȺ̤ŶݹѾ
Щ˵Ĵ廨ţһ⣬Żۣżư
ûΪ׵һĽ˶Ӣͦ꣬ϯһ֮ѹĺ޻֮š
ֻǵģòǵõϢɣҶˮԸҵһòǸƷ˰ɣأһ꿪˵
ܣ
ȺУֱӿ˵
ҲǸɵĻӦþͲѡƷܣ
֮󣬷׷׵˵ͷ۴ĸ߼ˮӦöѡƷܡ
仰˵֮Ҳû˭Ʒ˵ҶˮҲôӦǺվͬһӪ֮УͶеŶԡ
Ƕ޲ɱǸƷôͶǸƷʱ·ԴҲ˵ҲҶˮᱳǡ
˵Ҳ̫ûˣȻһ˷䣡ʱһм٬Ŀһ۴ܣȻ˵
ܺ·ԴɫʱѿƷ˵ֱܴ裬ҿ»һӶܲ
ΪѹǲòŵȣֻºܿҪˣһӶϴˢ裬ܹҵǸƷɱ
ǲҪ̫СˣʵͬСɣҪǣ߻һͷ꣬ǲǱܵģǱܵģܸΪԼ磬΢΢Щͨ졣
ǲΪԼСѰɶѣЩ׷׹Цǿܺ·ԴΪ˸Լϴѳ裬ʼϹˡ꣬궼Ѿ˶ˣڴĻʳ֮жҲôҵ
ЩѹͲг飬ǵУֻǴΪԼҵ߲ˡ
û˵ѣȷʵһͷ꣡·ԴҲ˵
ͱˣ֮ǰõ鱨ǸƷûдһͷ꣬һͷﶼûдǱϹˮƽ̫ˣ
һһĿŴܺ·Դ˵
˶ͨ죬ŭɶǴʱҲ֤֧ǵ۵㣬ϾǸոѼ鱨ƷҲûкͳκεĹ
Ǳһͷµĳܵġ
ЩȻʱǵͬ飬ǱǸԶиԵìܣڴĻʳ֮йϵҲǢʱץ˻ᣬȻ뾡취·Դˡ
ܺ·Դɴֱӱˣ֪Լû˵ѣЩ˻Ϊʱֱ˳Ʒĳʱ򣬴ΰ֪
뵽ǻͲóƷܹЩһݺݵĽѵ֪̫ˣǶ̫ǿˡ
ܵǲҶˮǣЩҪ
˵ȻǸƷûгܾǲҳ˰ɣֻҪҳ֣ұն
Ҳûн·Դ˵ĻϣϹʱھްǰеĿ´ڡ
һͷľǳǧһ綼ΪѪʳҲ
ûյڳûĴţȻҲֻ˵ܲˣ⣬ǲ˸ͽ￴˳ꡣ
ϾЩ˵ҲгѪ꣬Ҳûпԡ
˵ҲûеȻƷֻѣЩͬƶҵҪСһЩŶ˶٣Ȼ˵ǿƵ̽ȫȥһҪҵƷ䣬˵ҲͷƱȥǳƷ鷳ãǣ
ͷβδƷɵһƶѣʲô˲ģЩ֮УкüѷɫƣʵԶ֮ϡ
ǳƷҲͰˣһ֣ͽ׺ɱͷȥǬԪ͡
ڼ߸ϵţᵽ˻ǬԪʱ˵ɫˣһҲҪĿֲڡ
ǬԪΪܱŵ϶Ҫ£
֮ͬУһ񻰴˵ܹᲢ۵ġ
ͷȥͣ
һ֮ȵ顣
ԴСҲֵʱתʱˣ
ϵڱ


1596 ֪ʲôˮһ
۶ģҲǴ󲿷ִµġ
ڴ󲿷һӶû뿪˵Ǿµġ
ʵĳǽͬɽһޱ޼ʡ
ʱĴ۶ӷæԶԶıԿһһӵĳظָĵرʯϵ͵۶
׼ȷ˵Ӧڵ۶Աߵһ֮С
ʱصΧķ˸΢΢Ĺâ
м䣬һ޴ޱȵ󷨣ͬһ޴ޱȵһ㣬ڷٵĽš
Զһһӵĸĵر͵ȻֽЩĵرͶ֮УһͻһɳȻɫ̾󷨵С
ʯҲͶ뵽ΧϵΪ󷨵תԴԴϵṩ
󷨵ܱߣĽһԣΪ󷨶
ԶԶĿ󷨣ͷ߿󷨾һ޵׶һ㣬˴
ôһ⣬˵⵽ش
һʿ˵ǮνĶսԴЩʯĵر
ЩʯĵرΪԴԴϵṩһǿޱȵߣάת
Ȼڣ˵һӳ˴Ĺʮ궼ָԪ
ǲǰӣǶ뵽ħһӰһ֮ĳĿֲڡ
û˸ΥһĴڣΪΥģѾˣ壬ųն
Ǽ㲻ȴҲұֳ
ʱ뵽һѵܣκ
֮ǰǻ뾡취Ҫκ֣ŴĻʳ֣˲ʹ໥ѵܡ
˴Ļʳֵƿ֮УǴκҲûõĶȥͬ˹׶˻ƴ
뵽κЩֵ֮жɵĽ顣
Ϊκ֮һŽѰĹʦƷ
ǸոյõϢκʦͻȻ֣һٻɱҵƵˣֱӽ˴κصĻҡ
κصȻδָҲùȫ
ЩĻʳĸֵͼͲͳϣҲȫں׽֮еģֻҪӶᣬӶᣬӶᡣ
ӶһܹߵԴ
ʲôɳչǵĿǷΧ֮ڣ
ȴûһǴӢۿֹһеĺƽ٣
ֻԶԶţǰ
أб쳣ʱȴԶӰƿգһ㣬ɲǼ䣬Ѿ˻Ԫһıϡ
ʲôһӾ˵
˶һȴݹɢȥ󷨱ϣӰ߸ߴ֮С
Ϊ׵һ£꣬ԼĪŶʮ£ȴżǾɲϢ
ıϣǸһԼĪʮģŮݾ£ͬϵŮһ㡣
һߣһԼĪŶʮģ꣬ಽĸ
ǸǳƷ
һ˳Ĭʱ˶һӻȻˣзӯ졣
֮ǰĻӰͼΣ
ôѵĿҲԪһ󣿡ɻʵ漴ͻȻµ뷨ŵĵһ
ֻ³ƷǳԪһġ
ȻĻҲôɵó
ôպóҴڲǱߵõϢǾۼһĻʳĸڵ׷ɱأ
ѵһɽ֮ƣ
˶ʱ뵽һ㣬ԭһֱڻԪһϵģ֮ʹЩ˷Ҹ壬ҲĴĻʳĸȥ
ȻЩ˵ҪԶˣ֮е˵ȴǲ֪Ҫǿ϶ٱˡ
Ϊ׷ɱƷ飬뿪˴۶ڳƷȴ˻Ԫһıϣ˲һ롣
Ǿ̫ˣȻǰϲƷ֧
Ҳһʲôˮһգʲô͵ʴף
ʱ򣬸ĸַ׷תԼ̬ȣ֧˳Ʒ
֮ϵˣȴǳƷҶˮͳ˭ء
Ϊ㽫ԪһһˣԳƷֱӽ˳ţ׽֮УΨһ׽֮ˡ
δ֮УûʵվȽŸóƷҲ԰һԼʵ
󵨣ʲôˣȻҴԪһ⣬ôĵӣ
أһͷľ޴ֱӳ˴һɿֲѹǵصϯ


1597 ׷
һͷɽһޣ³ڵƬͷϸǳһ׳Ķǣһ֮Уſµ
һͷ޸ոճ֣ĿγɵĿ񳱣ѾסΧĸ֡
𵤾ޣ
뵽Ѿоڣ
ֻһͷޣͿԽͳͳɱ⣡
ͨ˵ͬ޸ǿ󣬸Ѳ
Ʒ΢΢ЩȻû뵽Ȼȥ׷ɱˣԪһ֮ȴôһͷ𵤾
׽֮е˵һͷ˵һʧˡ
磬ҪСģǴĻʳ֮еһޣΪɽޣóͨΪǿ󣬼Ϊ˵ãҶˮԱߵĳƷ˵
ҶˮɫʮּɵĿһͷɽޣȻ֮ǰûмǲ֪ɽ޵Ĵڡ
ֻһͷɽ޾ѾܹƥеĴˡ
һͷɽǻ۵ģһҶˮ֮Ȼ˵˾ȻҹԪһ֪
һͷɽ޵ͷ˳ɽ绹СҶˮȻƵˣһ˿Ѫ
벽𵤵ΪȻɽ޵ƸƵıˡ
һԵĳҲо̩ͬɽѹһ㣬Ȼɽ޲ǳģȻоΪӴƵѹ
ƾôƷЦһ˵ҵǰҲˣȻҳҵǰǾѰ·ˣ
ôĵӣ
һͷɽһŭӣǸƷɣȻǲˣʹĻʳԿǾ·һԹ־ܣܱסһĻɣ
ҹԹ־ܣ˻ûгأ
ƷЦȴη塣
Ŀɨһͷɽޣܹоһͷɽ޵ǿֻѾ˽𵤾ڣͬΪ𵤾ڵȣһͷɽǿһ
ӴͲǰ׳ģ෴ģһͷɽ޵ͷһҪǿ̫ˡ
ȻǿҲǿƷǿ˽𵤾ڣпóƷмּ֡
㲻ÿǾͱҲˣ
ɽЦһ漴˲һצӳųƷץǾ޴ıȳƷ˶Ҫ׳צӵץٶȿ쵽˼£һ˲ץ˳Ʒϡ
һͷɽ޵צץĹâƽһ⣬ųƷ
ٶȲ
ƷЦһһͷɽ޵ٶޱȣټϻͻȻϮһСĵĻͿ˵ǳƷôһء
һɲǼ䣬ıڳһ֮ɵֱĴſµ籩һӽƷС

һצץ˹ץ֮ϣֱӱһǽһ
һͷɽ޶ʱ͸о˳ƷʮѲȻһͷޣΪ֣ʦһ㣬Ŷļ⣬Բûӵޡ
һа־ٶּֿȻûܹκε˳Ʒɵʮ־
ʱ򣬳ƷֱӳˣıǾ޴ޱȵֱ֮ͬƬһնȥֱͷ˵˶ɽ޵ϡ
ʱ򣬶ɽ޵λֱӻһ㽫С
ǸûãԳƷʱȫûκôֱӱƷ֮˺ѿȻƬһն˶ɽ޵ϡ
ͣͣ
Ƭ˶ɽ޵ϣ˲˺ѿϵۼ׵ıѪ뽦˳
һ˲䣬һͷɽ޾ͱشˣ
ͬͨͨĶɽ޲ǳƷͨĶ֡
ʱ򣬳Ʒ߸߾ֱۣɲǼ䣬ɫ䣬һ˲䣬γƲ㣬Ʋ֮У׵зӿ
һɲǼ䣬֮ۼһ𣬻һͷ޴ޱȵޡ
һͷ޸ոճ֣͸ڳԾ޴ѹһͷǴ޴Զա
ڳƷԱߵҶˮһĻɵóױɫ֮ǰȻ֪ƷǿɵֵĻ֮ǰһƳĳꡣ
Ʒ֮ǰ֣ҲֻǾһƳһƣ֪ƷȻ˾˵ͨ
һͷ޸ոճ֣ɫ䡣


1598 ɽ
׷֮ͨͨУҲϺŵǿ
ڴĳ֮У˵ѧ֮УҲԵķֻѧѣѧѧͨͨͬ
ʲôͨȫ˼飬ΥģǾͨ
˵ûгȴܹڸ߿֮Уһͨˮȥأͨ
׷ͨܹʹõȴǲ࣬ΪڱҪǳ֮ߣ֮Ҫзǳߵ׺
һ㶼֮߱׷ͨѪıȽ϶֮࣬־١
ʵϣܾǰԸۣͨѪѧͬǺ߱
ĳ˵ʵӦͨѧѧıʵͨ͸ֹﵽͨƻ߲Ч
һ죬һǺ죡
չ񣬼ȷ٣ñͨҪҪǣѧȻ֣ȴѪ֡
ͨĻҪ˲ͬʣ֮˺٣һ֣ǸǴš
Ʒ־гһͷޣ֤Ʒľ߱ʩչ׷ͨ츳ʮ־ˡ
ֻԴƷֻҪܹ˳ɳȥδǰ;
ʱҲЩ棬֪Ʒʲôĸţ˵׽֮˲Ѿкܶˣôܻ
ڴĻʳ֮УƷʵڣƷͺĻĻôʮ־ˡ
ʱҲûеڳƷϢƷ£ϢһЩϵĶһ㶼Ѳ顣
ƷǳʲôܴĴ׽֮еִҲʲô
ֻһССĺӶѣ˵ûκξ˵ıȴڶ̶ʱ֮һˣﵽ˾˵ĵز
ʱ䣬ܹﵽʲôĳ̶ȣֱ
Ʒǲ֪ԱߵҶˮڿʩչ׷֮󣬾Ȼô࣬ʱڵķҲڷٵתԴԴϵĻ֮
һУǰûʩչġ
Ǽ¼ڻʼս֮ϵһ׷Ϊ룬뱾ޣԵ붼Уһ׷֮֮в֮飬ӶһɱǿС
һַΧΣֱǽƽ٣Ρ
ƷĿǰܹʩչģҲͽֻ뽵ѣˣ⻹ΪѪ֮о˵׺Ĺϵ
һ߱׷ͨѪˣҪܹʩչֻǵһĽҲǳԽ˵֮ϵľпܡ
׷Ѫ֮жģ
ɺϵǣһĴߣ׻ʱҲѪԳƷܹԽᵤΪǿʩչ뽵
ˣƷҲоԼڵķѾƲסˣһͨʩչ֮ԴԴϵı֮ϣһͷľ޴롣
ƷҲ飬Լܹʩչʲôĵز
룬
Ʒһֱ͵һһӣ˲䣬֮еһͷһͷѾ಻סһź
˳Ʒ֮һͷֱѸײڶ֮ƳŶɽ޺˹
׵ٶж죬һգ۵ĹǾ޴ޱȵѾͬ޴Ķɽޡ
һ˵ʵӳƷʩչʱʼҲǶ̶Ƭ̼Ĺ
ɽ޶ԳƷɵ֣ûֱӳ֣͸˳ƷʩչͨĻᡣ
ʱܵĴһϣ˲䣬ͻһ޴ޱȵĻƽʿ
ƽʿһ޴ޱȵɽӵеһɽոոֳʱ򣬾ֱ롣
¡
һ޴ޱȵĺһ˲ײɽ˲ֱײ˶ɽޡ
¡
ɽУϱԵͨͼֵȥƲֱƿ˲۶ɽޡ
˾ֻһ޴Ģƻڶ˳ȴԭǶɽޱֱײˣײˡ
Ʒʱȴֱһֻ֣ɽͷϵĶǺڵץ˳
̫ٶ̫죬ǳƷҲֻȳô㶫
ҲǶɽģΪ
ڵһԴȪĶ֮ʩչͨĹؼĲλ
һ˵ʵƬ֮䣬˶⾪˵һ֮С


1599 󣬴컯
֮յѩ
ҲŵùǺ
Ƕڴĸ˵ڳƷͷǾŴˣųµһˣԭµһ˽ʺ¡
ǶѾǹȥʽˣǲûк̵ӡ󣬸˵ڴĻʳ֣ץһֵĳԱȽʺҪֻǿ
£Ʒµһ˵ͷԵôֿЦˡ
ڣƷ⾪׵һףµһ˵ͷǲʵ
뵽ղǵضɽҡѵһνΪ֮ҡǳΪ֮޹⣬䵽˴ĵ۶֮Уֻһܽĵ۶ٵ֮һϡ
Ȼֻ֮һǴĵ۶ռһٵ֮һϣѾ޷Ĵˡ
һԵҶˮͳҲһͷ𵤾Ķɽ޾ȻһҿԶԶֻ˶ѡ
֪Ǵʱж𺳡
ҶˮȻһ͸оƷͷŵ׷Ѱ׷ҲûȻô
ǽ𵤾ڵĸֱôһУֻ¶Ҫش
Ʒʵɲ⣡
ʱʼڶԳƷˣ֮ǰֻһͻƵ𵤾磬ʱ뿪׽֮Уֱӷ֮С
ŵ˼Σ
ڳƷʩչһˣĽһֻôһ·ߡ
Ըղνɱɱİ벽𵤰ٰʮᱻһɱ
𵤾ֻҲòĶȥ
֪ʱ򣬳Ʒǲ⡣
Ʒü΢ڸղŷ˵ķʱ𽥵һ˵ٶȻָƬ֮䣬Ѿָ߰˰ˡ
ĿǰʵʩչһУһ𵤾ڵĸûзֱܱش
ܹв𵤾۷ĸ֣
ΨһǷٶ̫ˣȻҲ̸̶ʱѣǶڶ˵ȴѾ㹻ıսˡ
ЧķǴʩ
ڸֽ֮ս֮УԷǲȵʩչĻġ
⣬ԳƷҪ취ӿʩչٶȡ
ʩչҪϵķֻºѵѰʹãֻʹƣڹؼʱ䲻⣬һʤ
Щսõľ飬ƷʩչԶ֪
Ѱս֮УֽΧˣƷܹʩչһĻǺɨ
ڳƷʵȽС֮󣬸޷ƣֻܹһԷԷ㿪ˣƷûʲô취ˡ
ĿǰβңҵĻܹٿսɨѰ𵤾ֱӿײһײһһ˫ײһ˫
νɱ񣬷ɱ
뵽Ʒĵ˵ͷڲϳţѾʮֿɹˣջʼսϼصģܹĻ
һԽһСɷ顣
뵽ʼսϵļأƷҲоһЩһĸо
׷ͨͨɱǿǼ֮ͨһ
˻ڳ뽵Ŀʱ򣬳Ʒֱӿ˻Ԫһ󣬻ԪһΧĽղűֱӺһ޴ޱȵȱڡ
Ʒ̤ŶݹҶˮͳ˽˽ڲ
˽ڲʱȫͬȫһжģ
֮еһ޴ޱȵ󷨣󷨾һ޴ޱȵ¯ĵرһֻԪ
ҩ˱ǶƷֻһڣ͸оԼ֮еëͳͳſ屾ոߵȼ
ǵʱ䲻ˣߵ飬ֻºܿͻᱻ֪ǵüӿٶȣƷ˵Ȼά󷨵ʦɢˣΪоûŵˡ
ղڹսĸĸֻ֣»ȥܵҲ١
ˣֻҪ㹻棬ûʲôܳģ
ţҶˮСǰһ
һ߳Ҳͬʮּ֪˵һ޴컯
ƷĿĶסԪһԺ֮Уɢ߲ʵĹâһľ֮Уټϻʼս֮мصĹڻԪһϣϻǰ֡
ûãƷѾ׶˻Ԫһİء
ߣ۾ǱߣǴ۽룡
Ʒ˵ţֱӴҶˮͳžֱӻԪһϷ۳֮С


1600 ӡ𵤷
֮УƷоˣΧ޾ĻԪֳȻɫƬռ䡣
һ˵ĵرԼ;ͲַͬԪһͬǼ򵥴ֱĽĵرɻԪУкܶྫʧƳԭʮ֮һûС
ǺʣĻԪȷʵһԶ߼ĸߵȼ
Էɢնն٣ƷһȻ뿪ԭء
ҶˮҲֱ뿪ԭأԶȥ
ֻ³һԭأֱʼ֮еĻԪ
ŸոһڻԪʱ͸оһɰӿԼ֮УҪ嶼űһ
ʱҴ⣬ЩԪǸЩѾ˽𵤾۷ĸֳѵʹõģͨ˵һ㶼ǼΪ
æֹͣؼֻԪʼѾɽȥе
䣡
ûãž͸оԼһۿɼٶȷͨ۷壬ֹӵٶȣûֹͣ
Ƭ֮䣬žѾ˳µͻƵͨء
ٶ־ϲһرûô׹û뵽ڻԪİ֮£ôɵľͻˡ
ͨУϾǲϵᴿǿԼḶ́һ̶֮󣬾ͿΪһ㣬ǵ
Ǹʱ򣬱һ븹ӴҲ졣
뵽һӸ߼ľ֮С
ʱϲʱ֮ǰƷͻȻҵʱ˵һ컯Եôһˡ
ܹﳤò˶ʱ䣬ֱܹͻƵ
֮ǰζ飡
̲סҪջԪʱ򣬶ͻȻ˳Ʒ
סȴ򣬴û
˳ƷĻ̸ֱͣԪ̫߼ˣֱӰᴿڵķͻ֮󣬷һķҲ˲ֹһ
Щսһ˾ͿɴſǰʮԼ
֮ͬжѷ֣
ǰδģ
ؾʱһֱԺ֮УЩͨԺţɽ𵤵һЩš
ЩʣǧĶţ˵ԭֻϣͻƵôЩţ˵ٷְܹ뵤
нԴʹУеʱ򣬾һͷҲܹչ١
֪ǳƷڰҲҵ飬æһճƷЩţһɻԪǿ
ϵҲһ˵ٶ
һߣҶˮʱҲת˱ŵĹʱȫɢһֵˮһĹ
ΪɱȳҪǿĶˣҲΪˣɻԪٶҲԶȳҪĶˡ
һڻԪҪͣΪ
ϵɺܾûԪ
סеľϲܹоԼѪڸžҵĶǻԪϴˢڵķϴˢ塣
仰˵ڱһָߵȼϴøǿӵĴ⡣
ڣбȽʵĽ𵤣ڲϵתֻһͿԻɽ𵤣ǲĵ
𵤾ͽᵤĲֱ֮𣬳ǳƷֱ̬һ˸Խܽ𵤾ĸ֡
ǲһŶѣ
ֻҪܹϵЩԪܹ𵤾
ʱûô࣬ܿŵõϢ֮ͻǸʱҲûлˡ
뵽ɵЩ
أʱһֱӴ˹
Ҵͻƽ֮
˳ƷĻʱһϲҪ֪֮Уͻƽ𵤾ҲǸԵܣΪϵ˸۶ɵĽ𵤵Ĳ֪ͬĻܱԸԼ
ЩѾ˵ǰǵһЩϣҲҪƵĴ۲ܹ֮жһ
±ûѵ͡
ֻͻư벽𵤲ãûô̵ʱھͻƣԸûжһַš
ûзţҪڶʱ۳𵤣ǳ롣
ڳƷĻɽȼü֮
ܿ죬Ʒͽһ۽𵤵ķŴ˹
ַŵʱ򣬶ʱһӡ𵤷ƷķţȻһ־ӡ𵤷
֪ŵ۽õķҲǾӡѡ


1601 ᵤڣ
νӡ𵤵һַ
һ˵ӡԽ࣬۳ĽҲԽ
һӡԽ࣬۳ɽ𵤵ĸҲԽ࣡
ŵҲֻоӡѣѰиӡӡҲͲˡ
ݴţӡ𵤵ļ֮ϻиӡ۳Ľ𵤸
Ͳ֪ˣϾڵţҲǸŶѣЩʮţ֮֮͢ġ
Զ˵Ǿӡ𵤷ѵһķţ֪Щŵӵܣ˲ҲԾӡ𵤷۽𵤶ѡ
ڳƷ־ͽӡ𵤷ڸʱж
֮ԻƷܣҲֻΪʦľ֮Ƿ˳Ʒһ顣
Ͳ֪Ҫʲôʱˣ
ʱҲ룬æһӡ𵤷һɻԪ
һߣƷһĻҲʱˣ־ͽɾͽ𵤵ķڸҶˮ˵ʲô¶
Գɾͽ˵ӡ𵤷ֻǲѣԺ֮лõַžŰʮһӡžؼԾžŰʮһӡ͵ĽҲǰδеǿ
ֻԽǿĽ𵤣߱ҪҲԽߣһѡþžŰʮһӡ𵤷ⱲӶû취۽𵤣ǿ۾һĺ
ҶˮΪ͹Ҳһܹܾӡ𵤷ĳ̶ȣ޷ܵˡ
⵹ǳƷСˣ
Ȳ˵Ҷˮΰæ˼ѰԳƷҲС
Ҷˮͳŵ֮Ϳ洦Լˡ
һڣҪҶˮҲֻССڵЩԪͬ
ƷֱʩչÿһëףڷЩԪ
ҶˮСͬƷһЩԪһ߾ڽ
ʼǿͳƷıʵǿʱֵ쾡¡
Ʒ۾Ҷˮϲ٣ԪٶȴҪʮϡ
ܿ죬ڳƷγһ޴ޱȵУ֮УƷڷЩԪ
ЩԪӿƷ֫ٺ֮УϵϴųƷóƷûиһǿȾȻڲϵĽ֮УȻֽȽСȵģǵⲻǸոտʼĻǾʮ־ˡ
ܿ죬ƷͳģУ
ѾΧΪ
һЩͼĴĸֻû̽ôһ£ͱһֻë׵צֱҲҪ̽龿뷨Ż֮ǰǸͲĶ
ƷΪҲһ˵ٶУ
ԭǸոտ˽ᵤڣǺܿ죬ƷѾﵽ˽ᵤ۷壬ڴﵽ˽ᵤ۷֮󣬳Ʒû˿ͣͿʼ˽ᵤڡ
Ҳ֪ȥ˶ãƷ͵һӷ˾ҵĲƷ֮зһһķĲơ
ֻһ˲ʱ֮󣬳ƷϵƶȻһ䣬Ȼһޱ޼ʵ޵׶һʼΧĻԪ
ƷĻԪΪ֮һգ֮иĻԪƷ˹ȥ
֮󣬳ƷŻ۾֮¶˼Цݡ
ڣ˽ᵤڣ
ʱڵĿپǵûȣ෴ģЩԪϴĸıǰοˡ
֮ǰûͻƵʱȣƷǸոͻƣʵѾһࡣ
ûͣɻԪĽŲǼɣڻԪ࣬ҲǸһ׼ģ䱳վźü𵤾۷Ķ֡
ƷɵЧȣҶˮͳžͲԶˣҲû϶١
ͬʱɢѰҳƷŵڵõ۶ϢµĶɽޱƷɱԪһ类ƣƷҲͻԪһпʼɻԪ
УһռعլԺ֮УŵٶȾۼһԭκصĸۡڱŵǿˡ
쵰Ʒ
źݺˤһκҤճľյ
Ѿͨˣû뵽Լ뷽跨ҪѰҳƷ뽫ɱ
˭뵽ƷֱӾ͸һľϲ
ƷǲڵʱֱӾͶǵϳµһͷɽҲһˡ
뵽ͷڲϵĵѪΪ˽ɽ֪˶ٴ۲ճɹ
˵ԪһǹغѵĴ£ȻҲƷƻˡ
Ʒ


1602 ᵤ۷壬ǿϮ
Ϊ˽һͷɽޣר֮һϳֵģΪ˻˲ƵĴۣһͷɽѪʵҲǲͬ졣
ŰöɽڻԪһУ׽֮УԶɽ޵ʵӦ޵вŶԡ
ƷйնɱƵսʵСɽ޵ʵƷӦֻǿŶԡ
ƷͻϮԪһ󣬶ɽӦֵܹסŶԣӦֵܹסΪֹ
˭֪ȴȻƷɱˡ
ӵõϢɽ޼ǺıƷɱ
ǿ׷ͨ˵ʱˡ
ߵõϢ֮˵ɫһӱˣǶһӷӦ˹ǶƷˣˡ
ΪԽƷŪڹ֮䣬ΪܹƷ׷ɱĻ̻̲յʱȴû뵽ƷȻһɽ֮ơ
Ƕڵʱ򣬽ǵϳһˣ
Ѿõ׼ȷϢҶˮǸ˹Ȼǳǣ
˵
ѾõϢҶˮͳƷһˣʣҶˮǣԳƷŻܹȫܿǣõĳڻԪһǱߡ
·ԴʹˣΧ˿ǵΪƣΪ֮ǰŶ䷢ģҶˮܱͶƷǱߡ
Ϊôûô
˭֪ҶˮȻ֮ᷴôö֮Ͷ˳Ʒ֮ǰĵǣʱԵޱȵѿ
ǵ֮ޱɱ⣡
ȻǸѾǣҲùΪͶ˳ƷͿԽϵҾ֪ģɲֻ
˵ܹ뵽ҶˮΨһǵɣˡ
ΪҶˮɱǣȻƽδغ׽֮е˵ʱȴվͳһսߵġ
ЩȽɲΪ˴ȽģǾǳӶԴģŴ󲿶ӻûнʱ򣬽׽췭ظҶȡ㹻ԴǵĿġ
ʱӶԴҶˮӦҲǱͬĿĲǰ׽ģ˱в벻ɡ
Ȼˣеŭ̲סˣԪһȻƷˣֱһΪѵĸо
Ҫ֮أ
ɱԹŮ
һҪǸۣ
˷׷ߵ˵
ǣ֮ǰǸΪ˷κ֣ѾȫждκĴֻʹֱӴ͵κı߾Ȼɵı߾ܹͣһһأҪһʱſܴﵽʱһ˵ǵ˵
ֻһʱѣԪһ֮еĻԪӴޱȣǸ׼ģһܹն٣ؼǾǳƷ²ΪͽԪһƻˣǸʱЩԪɢǾǰˣ
˵ǵ˵
ʱΪ֮һ䣬ǿƷҶˮˣܹն٣һʱ޹ؽҪ
ƷԪһƻô»ǰ
Ŀԣ
ҧ˵Լˣ룬ǵĻֻҲô
ôĻһҪʬΣ˿˵ȻԪһΪǼ׼ģǶҲֵܷһǱƷƻ˻ԪһĻֻ˶ˮһա
Σߣŵĵ˵һҪ֮أ
뵽ԼѪܸ֮һ棬оͬǧѵͬʱҶһ
Щ΢һϼƣֱӳϻش׶
ͬʱԪһ֮С
Ʒڰ֮УΧеĻԪΪ֮һգƷ˾һ޾޵׶һ㣬ϵЩԪ
ƷȣҶˮͳ˼յĻԪֱİٷ֮һûС
ԪЧʵˣǶ̶ʱѣѾ˽ᵤ۷壬ֻһ㣬ͿԴԲᵤ۷塣
ҲֻʱˣƷֻҪڼĥһʱ䣬Ϳ˳µͻƵᵤ۷塣
ǽ𵤾Ҳǲܴﵽ
Ǹʱ򣬳ƷҪƾ۽𵤵ľʮӡ𵤷ɾһԾսһٳѵ
һжֻڴѣ
֮⣬ҶˮҲڿ˽𵤾ڹ̽𵤾ľ硣
ʵǽҲΪ̶ʱ䣬ֱӴͨؿ뵽˵һ˱ʵͻƣջش


1603 Ҷˮ
˵̶ʱ֮ڣ˶˾޴ջʵͻͽĽ
ˣʣµĻԪȻзǳ࣬Ǽ˶ʱܹɵĸɾġ
ҶˮͳҲͣɻԪΪΪʱڴҪʱȻĻԺз
ȻǵѾղˣ罫Ԫһ󳹵ƻ˰ɣҶˮֱӿ˵ʱõĻô룡
Ҷˮȫܹ󵽣ǹЩԪô̵ʱڣΪͻͽһĽЩԪֻΪпܳѵ
Ǹʱ򣬲Ŀ£
ⱾǸͻƵõģ
Щ˵ǿͿ£ͬ뵽˽𵤾Ҳһ¡
ҲƲһҶˮɵðզ࣬ǹݵģЩ֪֮󣬿»צ۰ɡ
Ҳûж˵ʲôЩľɳ˺ܶ࣬ȻףκʴȣǶԼĲ̡
Ʒһ˵ȲûٵЩԪÿƳɻԪ
ƷԺ֮ʼ֮еһֵҩΪԪԪԭϾǻԪ
ʦƵĵҩ֮УһַǳرǾǽһЩƳΪЯĵҩ
ᴿΪ鵤һЩߵȼ߸ֵҩΪӲͨмԽߣʦҪԷǵû½һߡ
ЩԪһʱҲղˣ糹ΪԪպƷͻƣҲԪϡ
ƷǾԲŵ˵ġ
ǺðɣҶˮ˵ͷֻЩ⣬ƷȻһʦָܹߵȼƳɵҩɲһʦܹõġ
ǹƺܿҪˣץʱ䣡
Ҷˮ
޷Ҿڵǣ˭ɱ˭һأƷŵһЦ˵
ҶˮʱһλʵԭĳƷоɲ⣬޷ƥУͻƵ˽𵤾֮󣬷оֲûСøˡ
濴ţҪˣ
Ʒ
˶ʱ뿪˻ԪһǸո뿪˻ԪһʱͻȻ͸оԪһȻʼ¡¡תĻԪͬ˵ķˮһʼ
ĻԪųƷķӿƷҲſ˴֣ЩԪץУͬʱ֮ϣһɫĻȼգõ¯Ϊ¯ԵΪǣֱӿʼơ
۶֮УʮӰȻһӸ˳ϣи̽һֱȴ
ǻˣ
ȻǣǳƷ죬Ȼûߣڿ߲ˣҪһˣ
ܲˣ
˶ʱ۷׷ף֮иĸҲܿ͵õϢ׷׸Ԫһ
Ǹϵʱŵ˸ϵ˻ԪһΧںҶˮ˶š
ˣ㾹Ȼĸҳǣ
ŭһ֮дżɱ⡣
ΪҲɱ㣬Ҳû֪ˣҲʦŲ֪ģ
ҶˮĿǰţµҲûãҲڹ
˵ϻҶˮ£Ϊ֪ıվһ֡
һԵĳҲڿ˷ƣ
ԶԶΧ۵Ĵĸֲɵ棬Ҫ֪Ҷˮǿǳǳ֮ǰֻͨȻһٿ˵ǺεȴĽ
ɲǲȣȴǰĻ¾Ѱ·ˡ
ţɱ˱ǣҪ
ʱ·Դǰ˵һ˫ĶסҶˮ޲ýʬΡ
ãɱٶȿ㣡
·Դһȣ漴ֱӳˣɲǼ䣬ؼͻȻʼ˪һѩ׵ɫ
˪ն
·Դ԰벽𵤵ΪֱӰΧػ漴һѩĵնֱնҶˮ
ʮİգҪ֪Ҫ֪ҶˮǱҪһЩء
Ȼһ˲䣬Ҷˮһ⣬һ˪漴һָһָͬ޼Ѱ
ָ
һָͬҽǣȴպõһ֮ϡ
һ˲䱻ķ飬ָѸײڶ֮Ƴ·Դķȥ
·ԴãǴʱѾˣֱָһָ·Դ˸ԴԴը˿Ѫɽ
·Դ˲Ѿ
һб


1604 Сԭ
Ҷˮֻһָͽ·Դ˶û뵽
ŵˣǿҶˮʵ·ԴһЩ˻ԪͻƣӦҲǺ·Դѡ
ûȻ˾˵ս֣
㾹ȻͻƵ˽𵤾˲ͿˣղҶˮ֣ǽ𵤾ƣǰ벽𵤡
벽Ȼų𵤾ֻ벽ǲǲˣʵر
ҶˮȻͻƵ˽𵤾ʣֻһֽǾ˻Ԫ벻ͨ飬ܹҲûʱ䣬Ҷˮ˻ԪҲӦô̵ʱھͻƲŶԡ
۽𵤾ͱչ˺ü۳˽𵤡
ȴ֪ҶˮгƷڵľӡ𵤷۽𵤵ķŰˣ۽𵤵ľ飬ֻҪͼͿԺɵɽ𵤵ۡ
ŵĻ˵ɫһӾͱˣ֮ǰûнҶˮ벽ȻǺǱʲô
ǽ𵤾Ļôܶ飬һˣ
뵽Щ˿Ҷˮͱˡ
һˣҲɱ㣡ʱ򣬴ŭɶֱӷ˳ֱɱҶˮ
ҶˮҲǺη壬ֱָ˳ȥ
¡
˵ս˲䱬ֵͬͬʱһ㣬񷶼ڶҡ
ܿ𵤾ʱҶˮҪĶˣǴܱ羭˻ԪϴӵҶˮһʱ䣬Ȼ˸ѷ֡
Ҳߣֱ˵˭ȥǸƷץҪ֮أ
ʱ򣬼Ѿ˽𵤾ĸԾԾԣ׷׻һݹ⳯ŻԪһȥ
ǽ𵤾ǼˣֶңϾƷ֮ǰնɱ˲ٽ𵤾ĸ֣˵ʵ϶Զڽ𵤾֮ϣȥ°롣
ȥĸ֮У𵤾ڵĸ֣ݶ˵ޱǿ
ǻŵϢأֻһֲִֻ֮ץ˳ս⼸ݹĴĻʳĸץС
أ
أ
أ
ȴֻһ޴ıը⼸˾ȻһץˣǵѪⱻץһѪ걻ˣҲֱץ˽ȥ
ֻн𵤾ĸ֣ǵĽѾˣ飬Ҳ׵٣ǽᵤ鵤飬Ҳ͸һˡ
ţɱңԼԶ֣αһЩСආǰأ֮дһ
ʱŷ֣˿ѾˣѾʼŸȥˡ
ûкεСŶӣҪֱ
ƫƫҲ޿ɱ⣬ΪʵϣҲȷʵҪüȥ̽̽·뷨
ϾƷչֳʵҲмļ£
˼һӾͱƷˣ뵽ɵЩ߳ŭ
úúãȻҾͳȫ㣡Ŵһȴǳ֮г֣ǾֱҶˮͳų֡
һȭɽһĳɽȭ
һȭȥƾһɽҪͳͳƬ
Ҷˮͳ˶ʱоһּΣմĵ﷭ӿæҪǸûа취类һԭλ֮ϡ
ʱҶˮܵŵĿ£Ʒˣתʵʵµĺܡ
ǧһ֮ʣȴһֻղֱӵһȭǰ
䣡
ȭһֻײһ𣬷˾ҵıըγɿ񳱳˷˿
յҶˮʹæ뿪սѾֵܹ˵ġ
Ҷˮų˵һߣֱ˵ŵ
漴һӰ߳˻Ԫһ󣬴ʱŵſ˳ֵˣһµ֮꣬дżָ㣬ԼĪŶʮ£Ϊᣬȴһȣɲ⡣
ŵ˶ףӦþǴ˵еĳƷˡ
Ʒ֣Ųɵú޵ҧгݣԭΪԽƷŪڹ֮䣬˭֪ȴƷˣĸһ
㾹ȻﲻߣҿǻˣŽҧ
ȻΪ˵ɱ㣬ԩ޳ȴҪɱңȻˣǾͱĺˣƷЦ˵
ɱңŹЦ˵ʲôԩ޳СԭСȴ˴ԭ
޼ɵĴЦ


1605 Ʒǿ
СԭƷһĨЦ뷨ǿʶǶںܶ˵ȴǷΪ
ʱɱ˸ҪɣΪСѾԭѾˣ
֪ǸǬԪɱǰ̵ҪΪЧͣΪǬԪ㹻ǿ
˶ɱϻ㹻ĺô
ֻϧǶƴ˳ƷʵƷʵֹôһѣ
û̫߹ԼˣƷЦ˵
漴Ĵܡ
ܱƷôһʱֻоë·ʲô޸һ㡣
û뵽㻹ǱңƷ̾һ˵
ѣǴҲ£Ȼҵͷǲ֪ߵغ񣡡ܸ˵ѹͿƷ˵Ʒͷ飬Ѿһӵĳˡ
ҲɱǣȻҲһ̣Ʒ˵Ϊ÷ӡܷӡסô
˵ţƷָһӡһ
һɲǼʱ䣬ܸоԼ֮еǷӡʼ鿪һѸײڶ֮ը顣
ţ֮еĿֲҲһӱ˿
䣡
ֱܵըһѪ
һз̫ˣ쵽˸ӦһŵƤӵ·ġ
Ʒ˵־ͳ̶֣Զǵ
ЩĻʳĸһ⣬ȫһΪսȻȴ֪ǾЩʹʬɽѪ֮ĳƷȣֵһᡣ
ããã
ŭɶƷȻҵôֱӳ֣
൱ںݺݴüƣ
һҪɱأ
Ʒ䵭˵
˵ţƷȻֱӳֱ֣ӻһһʧԭأһ˲䣬ѾһȺĻʳֵǰ
ЩĻʳĸֶʱ־ŭƷǽǵ
ȻСǣ
ʱһ𵤾ڵĸֱӳˣֱһ˳һһ飬ֻдһ֣ɱ
һɱ֮飬޾ɱ⣬
һƷҲǰ
Ʒһ漴һȭ˳ȥ
أ
һɱ֮鱻մˣųƷһȭȥƲ𵤾ڵĸָû뵽ƷȻܹսԼķˣ޷ͱƷֱһȭС
䣡
һըˣѪⱻƷץߣҲƷȡ
Ʒٶʵ̫ˣ
һ𵤾ڵĸ֣Ҳֻһ˲ѡ
ҲΪʣµЩȡһЩʱ䣬Щַ׷֣һ󷨣ųƷѹ
ͼ󷨵ѹסƷ
ղųƷֺɱһ𵤾ڵĸѾǱŵøεѶ
ǻ̫С˴ʱƷǿ̶ȣ˽ᵤ۷֮󣬳ƷʵѾ˷츲صı仯
˲ȭ
ֻ򵥵һȭ˳ȥֱӻ˰˲ÿһֱӺһĻʳĸ֡
أ
أ
أ
Щַ׷ױ˲Уը飬˲ǵѪⱻƷץȥǵĽҲƷ
ֻһȭѣֱɱ˹ĴĻʳĸ֡
ʣµ˼ǸεѣҲͬΪ󷨱ƶֱӷɣʱﻹҾֱӳȥ
Ʒ׼ЩѸײڶ֮׷ɱȥ
ס֣
һȣ־ŭֱǴɽȭųƷ
Ʒֱӷһȥ
¡
˫ײһ𣬻µĿ񳱵
Żûܹ赲ƷɱˣĹƱƷ赲ʱʣµЩĻʳĸҲֱӺɱʬ屻Ʒߡ
һ˵ʵֻǶ̶ʱѣ
֮Ѫζ˵Ķ߻ЩĻʳĸǰİ
ˣˣ㾹Ȼɱǣµضû֮أŷŭ˫Ŀͨ졣
Ѿ뵽˿µĺЩǱģڶҲѴ̡
Ψһİ취ǽĳƷɱŲڱЩ˱Ź
뵽Ʒ֮ɱŽ
һԵĸֶѾ׿ɵˣ·ڿһɱһ㡣
Ǵûܹ𵤾ĸͬһ¾ˣ
Ʒǿ


1606 
κһ𵤾ĸǿ޿ƥеĿֲڣһһҵ
֮ǰƺűѾ֤ˣȷʵʵ
Ȼڣӵ˿ʵĽ𵤾֣ȴƷô׵¾ˣ
ǼֱţƷΪλ˾˵ʵ
Щ˻ɣƷǲǵõ˴˵е׽ڵĴУĻڵӦòκһܹĿֲڲŶԡ
˸û˵ƷĴУν˿Ҳֻһ۷ѡ
ڴѫ󣬵׽˵ֲʲôˡ
ֻɣǵҲǿʼѿ֮⣬Ǹ벻ʲôĴܹͳһ
ƷǺżЦţżܿ͵ˣ
ŭ𲻶ȼգ֮˸ɱ⡣
ƾ㣬ɱңŴһ˫ȭֱӺ˳ȥͬɽһ
ԶԶȥֱͬɽݺ񷶼·𱻵߸ˣ췭ظ
֮ǰЩĻʳĸȣŵʵǿһϣһ磬췭ظ
ԪһΧڲϵĲ֪ȭ£жôֲ
ƷͬɽһȭͷҲںֻЦȴֱͣһӡ
ɽӡ
Ʒһɽӡʩչһ޴ɽѹ˹
ɽڰ֮ײһ־Ȼޱȵ𺳵ģǶںܶ˵ⱲӶûм㾪ĶǵĴս
𵤾ĸֳ֣˵Ѿûʲôֱˣ
¡
ըѿɽ񳱳˷ͬɽХһ㡣
ʱŲŵһĶԳƷĿ࿴
֮ǰѹûнƷΪԼʵȫܹѹסƷŶԣ˭֪Ʒһ֣Ǻѷɫʵ
֣֮ǰֻģ
ˣţʵֻųȥˣ
ƷЦһ֣һȭ˳ȥ˲˲ֱӳѹ˹ȥ
ˣƵôƷһȭ̫£漴֮־âһԭǻֶΣѹ־ȻҺҶԿ
ʱҲסһӡأһϸ˳ֱӻһ޴ޱȵӰȻӿ֮С
磬СģڵĴһԱߵҶˮæĴһ˵ܹʹߵ
ʱƷˣҶˮᵽģ״Ļʳʮ֮Уһڡ
ʩչַΪֶΣǿķֶҲǲ֮УҲԺա
ʹõڵһַǳĴʹ֮˵һ˵
ˣ
ŹЦһڵķ˿ɲ׵õȻһֱиַۣⷢ۸ɲˡ
Ǵֱܹʵķ۵ļ۸񶼷ǳơ
һʩչִҲױ˿
˵ķû䣬˺üΡ
ɽȭ
һȭһΣ֮ǰȣȫȫͲͬˣһȭ˲񷣬ƺҪ˺ѿһ
ҵҪж
ƷһʱΪʲôôܹѹסµ
ֻѹסµӦҲƳķӡɡ
ֻǻ̫С˳ƷµˣƷʩչƵķӡѹƣֱӾƿƵķӡô˲
Ʒ־ͬһȭ˳ȥһȭ˲Ӱֱӭɽһһȭϡ
䣡
һεײԱղŵʱҪһ¥
ҵ𵴣ҡ
ʹ˴֮ŵһΣֹУֻһǰ㣬Ҳγɾ޴Ĳ࣬ο֮ࡣ
һȭ£˫Ȼƽɫ
ŴʱڱɫѾĵˣȻȻκβóƷ
Ҫ֪ʩչ˴֮֮ǰ㱩˺üͬ޶Դ򱬣ȻȴκβóƷ
ʱȻһӷ֣Ʒܹʲôĳ̶ȣֱǸƤĹ


1607 
뵽֮ǰƷ֣Ȼûȫ־ĵط
Ʒֻһᵤѣȴֵز
˵Ʒһֱˣֻ֮ǰԳƷĵ߶ûа취
һֱڣ˴ܹ֮һЩƷʵĵˡ
ƷЦһΪ⣬Ҳֱһȭ˳ȥɲǼ䣬񷶼žҵĶ
֮˸ź˵ĹâֱӿԽ˿ռ룬˲ͳ˳ƷǰֱҪռȻ
ȫķһ׺һֱʣͬҪضᴩһ
𵤾۷ΪС֮ͬУη壡
ǳƷңֻһȭᴩһУҲһС
ֱ˫ȭͬɽһ㣬԰ķͼѹƷ
ȴһ˲䣬Щͬ׺һķͱƷ˿ֻȭײһ
¡
ɲǼ䣬رɫ˫ʵĿ£ʱ򣬱ĳЩ𵤾۷Ҳˡ
ͨԴԴϵǿֲԺһУҪ˳ƷôһΪﵽ˾׵زĿ´ڣ޵еġ
䣡
䣡
䣡
˫ڰ֮Ժ䣬ûκλڣزӲƴƾű
ʱѾо΢΢ЩˣѾоƷôǿڵķʼЩˣ͸˵ڵĴЧҲ𽥵½һֱǿ
ǳƷͬԴڱǿԶԶֻǿô򵥣ȫλǿս΢
ܿ죬ֱѹţ·磡
䣡
һζԺ䣬һΣֱӺ˺ü˫۾Ȼѷ죬ѪбŽ˳ǱƷġ
ȻǿˣǱǿȲûиһǿʱ򣬾ͱ¶ˡ
ʱ򣬳ƷôܷŹôõĻᣬһǰѪӿ˾ͬһƽսһ㣬˲ŵǰ
˲һν㣡
Ʒһһȭ˲˵Ӱȫŵϡ
أ
һ޴ޱȵĺһҽУ˲䵹˳ȥ±鲼ŸָƣֱҲ̶ãﻹиղŰģ
ʱҲڽʵǾǳƷĶ֣뵽ﻹͣæԶȥ
ǾҪߵʱһֱִֻŵϡ
أ
ŵ嵱ը˿ķѣʬͬȴֱɽͼĿռ֮С
Ψһö˸ŵâķ˳ƷУһöдŹ׭ֵķһ˿ܲʶֹϵ׭֣ǳƷô᲻ʶӵеʼϾϳˣ׭
ƺӵħһ㣬ΪʹԴԴϵṩ
Ʒ˫סʱԺ֮еڲϵɢһĹâҲһӸǰ
ʱƷһ̨һڲϵĽŹڴϣƲе
ٽϻʼսϹڷƪأƬ̼䣬ƷѾ˹ڴְء
ƷٶȻعʱѾ˽˺ܶİأַҲǷֳֵģһεʩչ˵ķģҲ˵ʩչʵԽǿַҲԽ
ʩչ֮󣬺ܿͻʧ
ȻַҲڴĻʳϱȽϳһԵķ۸ҲԱȽϱˡ
еһöȴͬüΪĵرķֽķַԶʤַʩչõĻԷüεʹá
ֻҪˣ
עķڲ֮أ˸֪ŵУҲһһԵķҼ۸񳬹
ڸղţƷѾַİ˸͸ϻظʹá
ƷѾټһöƷӵʲô̶ȣʱڣƷҺͽ𵤾۷ĸֽа塣
νջˣƷʱĵ˵ͷȻ㷵˻Ԫһ󣬼ƻԪ


1608 ׽
ҶˮͳҲ˻ԪһУҲҪչһʱ䣬ʱľ޴ջ
ˣһĻѾ׷ɵˣͬ˹һ
ʱǲŴӳƷвһնɱŵ˵ľ˱лع
Ʒ̫ǿˣǿĳ֮ǰ
ǿղĿɨһۣˣ
µһ˵ķɰ
ĻʳǿΣҲгƷ
۷׷ף˵֮ǰǶӳƷĻôŴĻʳֵĳ֣һǲľվ˳ƷͬһӪ֮С
ʱƣƷնŵֵҲ֮˳ȥ
һʱ䣬Ȼ󲨣
ΪѾǵһˣƷѾǵڶδģնɱĻʳĸˡ
֮ǰڴκ۶֮УƷѾնɱҵƵˣʮ˶˳ƷУй붼ǽ𵤾ϵĸ֡
˶ɵþ֪ʲôʱ׽֮оȻôһǴ
ǴĻʳĶ֣ҲĶ֣
˵Ǹģ
˶ϣ˳ƷϣѾ޷ԿĻʳЩˣ֮ȴһԶԿĻʳǿڡ
һʱ䣬Ʒ£һʱ䣬
漴һϢһҹ֮䴫¡
ǾԺһʱͳµ׽ڵַѾҵˣҵˣȴǱˣЩĻʳĸ֡
һʱ䣬һϢȻ󲨣
ԭͨ˶֪׽ڵĴڣǾôһϵе飬Ǹطĸ֣Ҳ֪һЩ׽ڵ顣
ңԶǰһƬض׽ͳε£
ҲΪˣһΣ׽ڵųֱȫ¡
ԼһЩ˻ٶ֪һЩ׽ڵ飬Ȼ׽ڵĴǺε飬˶õ׽ڵĴС
ĻʳЩͻƽνģҲΪ׽ڵĴС
ʱ䣬췭ظΪı׽ڵĴС
˵ʱ䣬еһУΧ׽ڵĴжչ
Щ׽֮еĸҲ½½Ѱ׽ڵĴУֻһֱûҵڴ󲿷˵ֻ׽ڵĴиǲڵġ
׽ҲѾܾˣﻹʲô׽ڵĴУ
еĻӦѾҳ˲Ŷԣ
׽ɽŶѾû֪ĶˣʱıǨ伮ս֮УҲѾʧˡ
һΣ׽ɽ³صȴ֮УȻ֮С
һƬȻһֱڣ˲֪֮顣
ʱ䣬֮ݻе򣬵۹׶ƣһĩվ
֮УܵĹҲضãĻʳĸֱ֮Уƶ岿䡣
ЩԺһʱͬСһԼĵ֮ϡ
ԭͱƷɹһΣʵֵܹסЩƻĴĻʳĸ֡
һ·ƽƣ˲أǵ߹߾ͱɱ̶ʱ֮ڣ˾ѾЩĻʳĸֵͷˡ
ЩĻʳĸǷ˵ȥѰ׽ڵɽš
ôʱ䣬ҵ׽ڵɽš
һҹ֮䶯£
˴ʱ֪ѹѰô׽ڵĴһֱһϢûУԭ׽ڵɽһֱ֮УôѰҶҵõ
֮ǸϢȻĻʳĸҵ׽ڵɽţʹ˵Ҫ׽ڵɽš
˭뵽һ˲䣬׽ڵɽ֮бŷ˳˲֮أЩĻʳĸҲͬ˲ء
һʱ䣬ν»Ȼ˲ŷ֣׽ڵɽȻҵˣҪ빥Уֻûô򵥣
ڴĻʳĸֶפ׽ɽŵΧ׽ɽŵİ취˵ޱʹŲϽ׽ڵɽˣѪɺӣһһıֱ
׽ɽŵѲν¡
ʱ˲֪Ļʳĸ֣ԶԶֻôô򵥣ʵϣδ׽֮ĸ֮ǰµƺš
һʱ䣬ϢֱڸסԭƷնɱţռ˻Ԫһ顣


1609 ڣɷ
Ϣһ˵ĸֶĸˣȻǵʵЩĻʳĸԶܾסһġ
¹׽ڵĴУɲǲ
ƷֻƵõ׽ڵĴУѾ˲ˣܹõ׽ڵĴУ˵γףܹⱩ֮ǰӵ㹻Ա֮
ʱѾױˣﻹ赲Щĸֵ֡
һʱ䣬֮пνǸɫۣƽʱѵһ֣ﵽԿü
ܿ죬һϢ˳
ȴǺͳƷйصģ
Ʒ֮ǰնɱƵ˱ѾȻ󲨣ٺŵһϣųﱸѾõĻԪһҲƷռˡ
˵ȫȫվЩĻʳֵĶ棬ͲûָǴǵˡ
ǣ˵ԪһǺĳЩйϵģͻƵģڳƷռ˻Ԫһ󣬿֪˫ȻҪ˺
ǳƷųʲôµһֻ֣Ǿ֮ܰˣҵڽ׽ɽŲûڳʰѣȻҰռԪһϵ·ӣ
һҹ֮ʹ¡
Ӱ̫ˣ˵ǴŴĻʳ׽ڱ֮ĳͻ
ƷʵͷȻӹɣ׽֮еµһ֣նĻʳʮλ֡
ˣҲڸˮ档
һЩ˵ĴҲ֪ˡ
ڵӣɷ
Ҳ˵һ֪֣ܿ죬֮еˣͽϢ˳
Ȼɷǵһα׽֮еĸ֪֮УѾԺա
Ŀܴ˲֪˵岿䣬Ժգǿĵز
ӴĻʳֵĿ͸¶ϢҲԵ֪ɷʵԶ֮ǰƷնţƵ֮ϡ
ܿ˸о鲻̫ԣƺڱƲҪɷƷֱӶϡ
н赶ɱ֮⣬ǲ֪Ҫ˭ĵɱ˭ˣ
ܶ˲ֻ´Ļʳĸ֮УҲδضǺദģֻл˲֪ìܡ
֪ȴȻˣЩ׽ĴĻʳĸ֮ʵǳԲͬţ˴ֻ֮Ҳδغ
һʱ䣬˶ˣֻоһֲı꼴
ҲڵſƷηӦ
ƷûЩһڻԪһ֮УûҪӦЩ˼
ɽ¥
˶ʶˣֻһҵײ
ɷ޷ڳΪϢ׽ڵɽűƾǰֻûԸʹ뿪ʧᡣ
ƷƺҲڲϵջԪҲԸ뿪
ֿƽľ棬Ȼȥ
һ׽ڵɽűƣĴбߣԴĻʳֵһֻҲֻǰ顣
ʱһһĹȥ˽ŵĵȴ֮Уأ׽ɽŵķֱһӰƳգŴ۶ķȥ
ϳһӰ
ȻɷĿܣ
ɷԴĻʳڣóʹøֿֿܼȼ֡
һ뿪׽ڷĿܣȻĿǰʹΪƵһܡ
¾ϰĲ䣬˿ɵУֻܣɷѾ˺պ
Ʋ⣬ֻһܵʵֻ¾Ͳڽ𵤾۷ĴڣѹɷûнƷһܾӵгŵʵȻὫƷϡ
һʱ䣬¼䣬еĿҲһ
۶Ԫһ⣬̽ӶζԪһ
أ۶֮дһâ˸һӰзӶƬ̼Ĺ򣬾Ѿ嵽˻Ԫһ֮⡣
Ʒ
һ㣬ء
˲˵ĿⶼеһӰ֮ϣȴһͬɲ֪ĽƳɵĿܣһѰ˲ߣֻѰĿܣȴơ
Ȼˣܣ
˾Щ̽͵õϢﶢţڵɷĿܡ
Ȼֻǿܶѣȴ˵սľ
ɷԼȴһ
һʵӻԪһд˳
ţӰӳǳƷźҶˮˡ


1610 𵤾۷
ǿ֮âȻɽƳɣǱȷʵΪḻ졣
һȴڳԣ
ǿ֮бŽĻȴӣƷ
ƷЦһֿȻδⲻ֪Щܣǵʵļ֮Уǻʼս֮϶мء
ֿܣһطܣʵ֮һֱڷչ˼ʻĻһ˼·
ӺܶǰͿʼAIܵĿֻЩֻܴһЩͨ飬ϵʵʮֵķӣ౾δܹȫ򣬸οAIء
˻Ŀһֱƽȴûʲô̫ĳɹ
ֿҲƵģֻвٿؿܵĲоƬֵһ˿Ԫ
ں˵ģȴܣǲڿܵеɷԪ
ڳôƷЦһΪһܾܹң֪㵽״жף

Цһһһ
ʱһ˾ֱˣһըѵ˾ֱһƺ
һ£֮һ޴Ĵһ㣬γ˿µĿ񳱡
һѧ
˾ȻܹʩչѧʵҲAIĿǰ飬Ϊˣ˼ʻȻòռ
һõҵʽûһǿС
Ʒη壬ʱȴƷӳһһʿӰ͵һӿ˳Ʒ֮С
ɲǼ䣬Ʒ͸оԼ֮ӿֳ޾
ȴͬΪã
ǱģǴ
֮ǰõĴڱƷãʤǰ
ʹÿƷŷֱִ֣ӽ֮࣡
ƷѾʮֲֿˣʩչ˴˶
ֻǼ򵥵һȭ˲䣬˾ֻ˿̮񷱻һ޴Ĵ󶴡
ֻ򵥵һȭѣһزﵽν޼᲻ݡ
أ
˫ȭͷһײһ
屻ֱӺ˳ȥںͳƷƴ֮£·硣
˺ƶߵķһ㵹˳ȥ֮һİߡ
ôܣ
ֲ֮˼飬еɷԪĲ˼顣
ȻųƱȼ𵤾۷ĸ֣ﵻǿܱĽƶɣ䱾ǿԶʤѰߡ
ڷѧϿ϶ǲܺᲢ۵ģ
ȻھȻԺĵطƷһȭɳȥ
˳Ʒʹ˼۸񲻷ƵĴҲ̫˰ɣ
ܹԼһȭɣôﵽεĵز
Ȼ룬֪ʲôʱǰֱһɲǼ䣬ƷѾϷ
Ȫ̤
Ʒһžֱ̤˳ȥĽ£ֱӷ˻ȪˮɲǼѾƬʣȻһֻ޴Ĵż̤

˰һãǴʱѾˣƷһż̤ݺ̤ӡ
أ
˵ͬײһ㣬ɲǼ䣬ֱײ˵֮ϡ
¡
ڲھҵĶһײǧɵĳˡ
һ˵ʵ򲻹ֻһ˲ѣЩ̽ȻҲΪ˲ҲͨΪ۾ּսֻƷոճ֣ǿ˾ֱ䵽˵ϡ
ÿµս
Щ̽Ӳɵһڿˮͷһη֣񶷣Ҳܹӵ˾ĶǵֱǶΪ֮Ȼ
Ʒٶȣһ⣬֮ѡȴиӿʮ
ƷͼվǾʱ򣬳ƷѾϷ
Ȼûб򱬣ܵĲʲƷƺ͵ڿ˵ĶУǾڳĳ
ǻŭȴƷԥľһż̤
أ
˾ͱһٶȼ̤˵֮УλΪģȳһ󶴡
Ȼ⻹棬Ʒûоʹ˷Ź˵˼һһŵĲ¡
ÿһΣԶ۶֮еͨ˶ʧ룬Ϊǵˡ
Ҳ֪ȥ˶ãƷͣ˾Ȼȱˡ


1611 ս
˶ĿĿǰһĻ̫бһ㣡
ǿǴУ൱ڽ𵤾۷Ŀ˰
ʵ׽֮У޵УڴĻʳĸ֮Уܹȼһ𵤾۷Ŀ˵Ҳࡣ
Ƿëǰˣ
ǿʲôȻƷˡ
ҲûбӲбսˣ
Ǵδ˾˵ս
֮ǰƷ֣ܵҲûӵģȫȫһ𵤾ĸ֡
Ҳᵽˣʲô޼᲻ݣ
һٲȽ𵤾۷Ŀ֮󣬳Ʒһֻ֣ͽץС
ʱҶˮͳҲŴӻԪһı˳Ʒıϡ
磬̫ˣ𵤾۷嶼Ķְ
ž̾ĿųƷղŷܹоǸ˵Ŀֲʵƾƾܹѹס
ɨһۣһ׹ߣ˲ˣȻҲѾǵ֣Ǻ͵֮ĸȣ֮
ǲ֮е޵ǿߣ
ǼˣԳƷʱ򣬻ǸǶֱ֣ӱˡ
֪ʱежôļˣ
ⲻʲôȻҲųƿȽ𵤾۷壬ڽ𵤾۷֮УҲֻǵףƷѰ˿˿Ƚ𵤾۷壬ǿˡ
ڳƷȴʲôҪ֪Ŀܣǿǿѹͬĸֻ֣ĳ̶ȶѡ
ѾˣʵõĲʲ㶥⣬ַҲ͵ʼ֮Ժɨ£޵еĿ˻кܴĲ࣬൱Ĵֲڡ
Ҳܹ۸۸͵ȼĸֶѣ
ͬĸ֣ͲԶˣ
ɷֻӵʵɣƷһЦ
ֻŻˣƷ˵
һսƷԼʵѾһ˽⣬ڵʵڽ𵤾ڵĸ֮и޿ƥС
һ𵤾۷ĸ֣ƷԱǡ
һʹ˴֮󣬳ƷʵҲһʵķԾλڽ𵤾۷εײĸĶ֡
Ҳ˵ǿǿѾǴﵽ˽𵤾۷֮С
ҲǾ߱˺ЩĻʳЩһϸµ
Ҷˮ𾪵ĿųƷ˵Ҷˮм֡
ڳ˵ƷǷǳǿ󣬵Ƕ˵ܺӶͬǿ󣬶һŲǡ
ȴ֪ģƷʵһʼﻹ̫ǿȻȷʵҪǿĶˣڴĻʳ֮Уȴʲô
֪ȳƷǿĸ֣Ҳкܶܶࡣ
֮УбȳƷҪǿĶĸ֡
ȻƷٶʵ̫ˣо
Ŷʱ䣬Ʒʵһ츲صĽ
Ŷõʱ䣬ȻԺɷһϸˣ
Ҫ֪ɷͷȻԺǬᲢۣڴĻʳ֮УҲǹĬĬ֮
Ŷʱ䣿
ƺЩ˽⣬ΪʲôƷܹ׽Ļ֮УﵽѰ޷ĸ߶ȡ
Ǳˮ֮г
ӵٶȥڴĻʳ֮УƷҲܳͷء
һΣûƷܹŮһʦ㡣
ţʱ䣬ҸطУһĽ𵤣Ʒų˵
Ҫ֪Ÿոս뵤ʱ𵤻ֻһӰѣΪʱһСģͿܽ飬˻صͨ
ãŵ˵ͷҲ֪һ㶼ﲻæˡ
ɷǿǽ𵤾۷弶ĴڣղŽƵĿ˱н𵤾۷Ϊôɷʵ϶ڴ֮ϵġ
սֵܹġ
漴ƷҶˮʱ䣬Ѿǰ׽ɽ֮УҪҪһ𣿡
Ҷˮ̾һΪ֪ǳҪԵ⣬֮ǰ϶Ըǰ׽ڵɽţҲûл׽ڵĴС
ڶ˵׽ֻѾһ̶Ѩ֪жΪͽ
ֻº޲ɱԺ죡
ȻΪ⣬ǱͲһӪģô̸ͽأ
룬ҶˮҡҡͷһǲȥˣڽԵӦɣ
ҶˮﻹǺģʵǳ𵤾ս֮ϣЩǿĸֻ֣Ա֮ûС
Ǻã
Ʒ˵ͷ


1612 ɱ㣬Ϊͻڼ
뿪֮󣬳Ʒֱһӡɣʱؼ䣬γһ޴ޱȵɽֱ˻ԪһС
¡
һ޴ĺ涼ھҵĶں̮
ڸ̽ӵĿ֮УԪһȫȫĻһ
Ԫһıˣ̫ˣ
Ʒÿ£
׽˵Ҳһ£
ʱƣ׽˵Ҳ𽥱ܡ
ƷҲǹݵģԼòģҲñ˵õ׼Ļʳĸ»Ԫһ
漴ǾͷˣڻԪһƻ֮󣬻Ԫһ֮вûлԪ
˶ȻˣǶ˼ĿųƷҪ֪Ԫһ֮пǳŻԪ飬˵ֻ֮ҪĹĵ˶ٶ֪ġ
ڣǸûпԪ
⵽ô£
ҲţƷˣƷһôĻԪѾ׵׵ը˿ˡ
ǲ֪ڳƷɽͼ֮УʮöԪ
ЩԪڻԪһ֮еĻԪƶɡ
ô̵ʱ֮ڣƷȻȫգԽЩԪȫջΪԪ
ƷһץһöԪϣ漴ֱȥ
ʱһӴĻԪ˳Ʒ֮Уֱɢ֫ٺ֮УΪǿʼЮųƷ֮еķʼ˽ᵤ۷塣
ƷҲûֱ֮ͣе׽ڵɽŵķȥ
սҲʱƣ̶ʱ䣬Ѿ¡
ƷһսɱɷĿܣսȫȫ˵ϣ
һʼĿƷ㲻ᱻɷĿɱֻҲҪǱӡ
ȻĽһºȻ
ȻǳƷӮˣ
ƷȻѾɳӵĵزô
̫ǿˣƷ̫ˣ
һսĽЩĻʳĸ֡
ǶСһˣ
û뵽һ׽֮УȻܹһ
ɷֱ̫ˣţ޵УƳĿܾȻ˲һֱЦ
׽ڵɽ֮УĻʳĸֶ̲סɷ
ڴĻʳЩ֮УҲͬҪֳɺܶӪǰһ顣
֪ж˵ſɷﵹùЦ
Ʒڳϵ£û֮أ
ܿ죬ʹɷܻĻ
ɷĻƷҲǸ޾壬һǰ׽ɽţһߵõڳȥ׽ɱ㣡
һʱ䣬º䶯
ƷҲûκֱӴҡڵĸ׽ɽţҲסκˡ
ŷ֣ƷֻҪǰ׽ڵɽš
һʱ䣬˻Ȼ
ƷǲǿƵ˼ĴĻʳĸ֣˵׽֮еĸòͷ֮Կ
ǳƷȫȫĲͬȫȫԸնԸգԸǿӲǿӲûôһ˵
ҲǴĻʳ֮󣬻δǿƣ
֮ǰɱƣŵˣ崫£һΣƷǲɷĿˣ˻ҪԸϵ׽ڵɽĻʳȺ档
ǰδе飬ĻʳĸֶɵΪ֮Ŀ࿴
һξȻұ̬ȣɱɷģ
ããã
ɷƺҲױƷŭˣŭɶ˵
·׷ţ˵Ŀⶼ˳Ʒʱ
ˣһ޴ɽ֮УһӰһ˵ٶȴɽ֮С
еٶȼ죬ֱӳ٣֧˿µ
γ˿µ˿񳱣
أһӰͣһ£üĿ꣬ϷֲͬĿ񳱣˷ɢ
˾ͬһ޴ޱȵķ籩񳱵ġ
Χ˵Ҳ˽ȥȫȫ䲻ɣͳͳɽԼ֮УΪ

Ʒһȣ֮УпֲⱬͻƣͻƵᵤ۷塣
ʱ䣬ûзȥ׽ڵɽţ෴ģֱһ·ǰ׽ڵɽš
ڱеĹ֮У˾ͺȫȫѪҲͬˮһ㷭ӿ
ڣڵѪѾ˼ޣͻƾǰ
ϵϢϲϵƬ֮ѣѾƬɽ֣Ϣƺо˳ƷϢ׷׸


1613 ǰѰֱӴ
ʱ򣬼ӰƳգƬ֮䣬Ѿϵ˳ƷΧ˳Ʒ
Ϊ׵һһ£ݾµŮӣ˳Ʒʱ򣬶ʱɫ

ݾµŮ֮бŽ˾˵ɱ⡣
һˣһһµӡ
˿˳Ʒʱ϶׷¶˼ɱ⡣
Ȼû뵽ȻĸǸµĶųƷ˵
ɱΪ籨𣡡
Ǹ£Ůŭɶֱӿ˵
˵˳Ʒʱ򣬱ŭɶŭһӱ˳
Ƕ뵽˳Ʒϵţ˲֪ǵĹϵá
˵žһûŵĻҲûǡ
˵ˣҪǰߣ⼸ĴѲߣǶµ̫ˣǺŮ֮ɫ˲
ۿͨ죬ǰ֮ǰδ׽ʱһĻ
İɣֻҪһҽ׽õ׽ڵĴУΪһҾǵŸǵʦף
˭Ҳû뵽ǣһ仰֮󣬾ͳ
뵽֮еɱ
̫ͣ綼Ķ֣ܹأʱǸ˲ɵÿ˵мη壬Ҫ֪ƷڵͷǶǼٵģɱġ
ڴ֮ǰû֪ƺս֮ƷѾΪ֪ˡ
ǵƷɷĿ֮󣬸˵
Щ֮УܹƷǾԲ
˵ʲôǸŮһɱĿǸ˵֮ǰǾǵô˵ģǵģΪ˽Ǵ˶Ĵۣôô磡
ӿǺŮӣʱɵΪᣬȻҲ׵ģŮ˵ŵζʲô֮Ψһ֧
֧ûˣ˵˭ҵ֮·ǰ˭ĵˣ
ǵȵģƷڿƺͻƣǳֵĺûᣡʱǸ۲һ˵
ѾȫİգƷ϶ͻƵĹؿڣʣҲһõĻᡣ
ҵȵһûᣬ춼վһߣѵǲôǺŮӸ˵֮˸ǿҵĺ⡣ͻƣǻ˵ã
֪㺦£ǺŮֱ˵룬ڻͨͷֻҪܹõͷҪʲôôûУǳѵҲûϣ
ƺҲ뵽һ㣬뵽ɵҧ˵Ǻûᣬ֣
ӿһ۳ƷʱĳƷƺѾɥʧ־һ˱һΧС
ֱѾˣ
Ҫֺ֪޷ĻɽҰ֮оȻѡͻƣⲻǷʲô
˲䣬ӱˣһֱӼ̤ȥ
һһ˲䣬񷶼ƷһɲǼ䣬Ѿ̤˳Ʒϡ
飡
һֱӴ͸˳Ʒ񳱣ֱ䵽˳ƷϣȴϢ涼û˿Ĳ·һŵʲôһ
ʲôôܣ
Ǹɫˣ͵һ뵽ʲôͻȻһӷӦ˹Ǵʱʱоһɾ޴һץĽϡ
ȻǸ޷֮ľͱֱӴ˳ȥһִֻӷ籩֮ץ˳Ȼ͵һӺݺˤ˵ϡ
¡
ӵӱֱץУݺˤ˵ϣֱʮɵĳˣ纣Ͼ޴ķ籩һ
ֻоԼ·ˣȫ¹ͷ֪˶ٸ
Ȼ룬ȴһֻ͵һӴ֮лȻֱӡ
ݵóף
꿴һĻʱһֱ˳ȴһַֻ˳ֱȭһȭ˳

Ǹ걻һȭУ嵹˳ȥ嵱ķѡ
һ𵤾ڵĸ˲
ĳҲûиıǸӱֱˣ΢һ¶
˲һǸŮ˫ͨ죬Ʒ֮ޱȵԹ
޲Լ˫۵Ŀ⽫ƷʬΣ


1614 ͻƣᵤ۷
һ˲䣬ͻ֮еĳƷֱ֣նɱ𵤾ĸ֡
Ǹɫ·ŮӵʱҲɵֿ־壬ΪǴʱڳƷǰȴԵм
ͬҲͬǽ𵤾ĸ֣ȴƷвһֱӺɱˡ
к޲ɱƷʱоȻ˼ֿ־顣
ǱƷɱˣ
Ʒɱ㣡
ǺŮ漴ֱжڳƷŭûˡ
ǻ֣ȴһŵķ籩֮Уһֱֻ˳Ȼ͵һӳǺŮӵķݺ
ǿֲƼҪضתһ㡣

ǺŮʱŷ֣֮ǰеĲ²ⶼǴġ
ԭΪƷڴͻƵ״̬£Ӧһ˲õ״̬˵ӦƾɱŶԡ
ҲǴͻƵ״̬֮˳ͻơ
˭֪ƷͲ˵ģȫȫǵ֪
ͻƵ֮£ƷҲһ޸֮ˡ
෴ģȫͬƷսͻƵĴ̫ˣ֮ḻܹõģȻ׵ľͽԼڼΣ֮С
ֻһֱ䵽Ůӵϡ
ŮˣͼֵһƣǺܿͷ֣Լȫȫͱˣûܿһơ
أ
һֱӸǺŮӲҽһ嵱ķ˿ľѪƷֱץɽͼĿռ֮С
һɱ
һı仯ûУָֻյ龰·ղǼҵĴսûзһ
Ʒٶ̫ˣ쵽˸ûиԻĻᣬ־ͺɱˣ
ʱΧֱɨ˹ƺҲע⵽Ĵս
ʱƷԭ·ڵķ籩ʱֱƽϢˣȫս˳Ʒ֮Уһǰ㶼û¡
Ʒָƽ
ΪڸղţѾͻƣ
ѾʽͻƵ˽ᵤ۷壬ɽҲֻǰ벽֮ңѣ
һ·֮ûѡУԳٵٶȼǰ׽ڣΪһεͻơ
һ׽ɽŵĻʳ֮вٶǶ֣ȫİղŻ֡
ڣʵһ˵սһӱ˺ü
ûдѰ𵤾۷ĸҲĶ֣
һʩչϴ֮Ժɨ
һ׽ڵĴУҲһţ벻ܱɷõˡ
ոʹùһεĴֱƷ³ķϰƷʯƷʯĵ󣬵ڱڶʹ֮󣬴ѾһѺۡ
ƣʵҲò˶ٴˣڳƷ˵Ҳˣ
Ʒƣû֪ոһͻƣЩ˵ɨƷϵʱ򣬶׷ɫ䡣
Ȼ
Ȼˣһʱ򣬿ǲ֪ߵغɣ
ԤУƷ̨Բֻ׽֮Уδֻ»ӻԻͣ
۷׷ףܿģҲֳһսǵʵܿѾ֪˵׷ʲô
ԭһֱѲߣҪɱƷѾʧˣϵϵʣղźͳƷһսˣǡ
Ҵֳֻ˶Ѿⲻ⡣
뵽Ǹողսķʱ䣬Ǻܿ͵óһԼ𾪵ĽۣǾǳƷȻڼ̵ʱ֮ڣɱ𵤾ĸ֣ǶûܹӦ
ԭಢƷĴĳֶΪ֮ɫ䣬Ʒʵ̫׺ˣ
ڳƷʲôƲ磬ǵ֮
͸һݺݵ
ƷϢҲһѸײڶ֮ƣ׵׵Ĵ׽ĵ
Ʒ֮ǰֻ˵Ҫ˿ҲδӸҵȺ۾ۼĵط
ڿǶײ´ˣƷĵӡ
Ӱ׽ɽ֮ǻдĻʳĸ֣׽֮еĵҲǻ
֪ϣ󣬵ȻϣԼܹлõ׽ڵĴУһӱ
һɽ֮УƷпһϣǰһµӣϹϾű档
ʦҪĹɷϣѾˣ


1615 ƷŵùǺ
ƷӵϽӹһ֮м¼żΪӴϣʱ֮ڲѼ׽ɽϺϢ
Ҳˣڴκ֮йܵ˾ˡ
ڴκ֮У˵ȻȨ죬ֻǺͳƷǾ͸ʲôˡ
ڳƷǰǺԼĵλǰʦǷλʵ۵Ŀֲڣ鱨Խ֪һЩѰ˲֪飬ԽǾĹʦɲ⡣
ЩĻʳţ֮ӣҲ˰ɡ
ڳƷϵʱҴ
Ʒܿ췭ɷϣɷԴĻʳ֮һΪǿţڵĵӣһʵɲ⡣
ƽʱҲٶ֣϶ǱƷ˵Ŀ˶֣ΨһֵһҲǹ׽ڵɽţ¶ʵ˵
ԶƽʱֵĿ֮ϣ
ԭˣƷһЦɷʵֻ»ԶԶĿ֮ϣѹּĿ˱Լһ߱ˣ治ɫ
ƷԶԶȥԶ׽ڵɽţʵһ޴ޱȵĳǳأ֮ǰ֮Զûз֣ΪǳʵǱһεĽסˣû˷֡
ǴĻʳȴͬץ׽ڵĴˣǵĿеõ׽ɽŵľλãſһС
ǳصϷо޴Ľ磬ЩƷ֮һȴ֣ЩͨĽ磬һķɵĽ硣
ÿһķһһڵı
ЩһĶݹ⣬ڰ֮Уγһ硣
絲סЩĻʳĸ֣֮ǰѾʹ֮е޹ǡ
׽ڴʱֳһŵĵ̡
ЩûûҹηķȻûа취硣
类ʱһӼ帴һȫҰ俪
ͬ籩һĽ֮£Ƕ޺ηĳ涼ûô
ЩĻʳĸҲ˼Σһ⣬ͳͳ
˱ش˵
յõ鱨Ļʳǣ϶Ѿõ׼ȷܹеķĻҲͲᰲĵȴˡ
ϢԴܾܿǸץס׽ڵĴţûʲôϵˡ
ڣǳصܣѾŸݵ͸ԲͬӪֳĸӪ
ϱŶвͬ̾ᣬУɷǱŵ죬ڱŵĸҪôɷ֮£ҪôǱǴĸ֡
Ʒڵķ׽ɽһǳصţɷңңԣ
׽ɽţţһɢһɽͷһ֮Уȴ׽ɽŵĽ򿪡
أǿһӰҡڵ˹ֱӳŵķǰ
վסʲôˣأѲӵĴĳĸ־ֱӰ
ЩĳĸָǶ֣ȫǽ𵤾Ĵڣ׽֮УǶԻһĴڣȻȴҲֻһЩѲߵĹ
ЩʮһƷķΣǴĻʳĲֱͬӺǳ˵
ﲻЩܹĵط
ЩΪпܵõ׽ڵĴôЦˣ
Щ޼ɵĴЦǰ鵭ȻƺûнǵĻɵһ顣
㵽ʲôˣ
ֻǵ˵Ʒ
ʱħһ⼸ĻʳĸֱӺëǱܵľֱӴڵʮ⡣
ʲôǳƷ
ЩһֵĿųƷֱǼ˹һ
Ҫ֪Ҳǽ𵤼ĸ֣ȻǵСƫƫǰɱ⡣
Ʒ׽֮Ψһһܹвǣ
ؼڴ֮гƷرʹ޴ĻʳˣֻҪˣһڶûС
ǵΪҲܹѰ׽ǰţ˳Ʒֱ˿Ǻһ
ƷЩһԶʱЩЦãʲôʱѾֵزˣȻ־ŵùǺ
Ʒǲ֪ҪЦûҪԺ
ҾǳƷ
Ʒ˵ͷ˭֪Щ˶ʱܵĸԶˣһٴеģһٹҾͺͬھơ
ǵ϶ǼΪŵ飬ͣŤͷܡ


1616 
ƷĪʲôʱͷѾزˣֱСֹ޵ĳ̶Ȱ
ƷǳƷˣ
˾һʱһϢ͸¶˻ŵ˼
ƺ˳Ʒ֮˶һӻˡ
ԶԶԶЩ׽֮еĸҲ׿ɵˡ
ȫô
֮ǰûмһδĻʳĸ־Ȼôˣ
֪ЩĻʳĸָͲһԪ֮У綼ȫͬ˰
Ҫ֪ĸĻʳĸ֣Щĸһ߸ϵӣеúǶ˵ʲô
˵ͲдţҲ˭ĸλȫ
ǵ֪УЩĻʳĸӦһһŶԡ
Щ˳Ʒ֮󣬾Ȼ˵ľʧ룬ֱ֪Щ߸ϵĴĻʳָһ͵
֪Щˣ
Щ˶׷׵һ
ƷǽǶɱˣ
Щ˽ҵȱΪûнҵȷڿǻô԰
Ҳ֪֪׽֮УҲûиִڵģ
ЩĳЩĻʳĸ֣
ЩĻʳĸ̫߰ǵһ޿ˡ
ڳƷȫȫİǳһˡ
ҲǣƷʱ䵽ɱǶٸ֣ܲô
ǵĿ⻹ǺܿͶе˳ƷϣƷȻһֱ˵Ҫôҡڵĳ֣ȴͷһΡ
ƷΪʲôʱдĳĸʵ
ѵһ֪ôǲǾ׽˶𣿡Ʒ˵ǲǾ̫ôҾɱǿ
ʱЩĻʳĸҲ׷׳ĬˣҲû뵽Ʒս顣
ƷҪ͵û˵ôΪʲôô̫ſˣ
أʱһɫۣ꿪˵
ôҲҪңƷɨһ꣬Ȼ󿪿˵
㣿̸㣬ҪףΪɱƺžͿԺ޼ˣ֮иʲôĵ˵
ɲŵĵطǲ·һ
ɲǿƾŵĵطҲţǻҲţ
ʱһİСվ˳ĿųƷ˵
Ʒֻǿˣ漴һôҪһսô
ƷˣûΪ˵Ļ
˼Ʒſ񣬸ǷǺɱʱҲЩŭ
ʵ̫ƫˣϱǿΪƺźʲôϵǸҪǳͷ
ʱԶһӣĸߴ󣬿Ϊʡ
ĸߴ˳Ʒ˵ǰ
ʷ㣬Ӱһ˳ͷĺôǸĵĿ˵֮ǰѾһͽҶˮˣѵҲҪô
Ʒŷ֣ƺóñӣһһñӿʮֵ˵á
ѣĸߴӻʷЦһ˵ǲʲôᣬҸǣʲôʱһӪˣ
ʱһͣΪû뵽ʷȻ˽֪˶ĬĻرܹȥˣֱӽһг˵ǰ
л̨ΧҲνȻҪңҲ޷ɱˣƷЩˣ˼ɣҲ֡
Ҫôھ͸¹ǸҪô͸ƷԽı˵
Ҳû뵽ƷȻôӣʱĻðɡ
ƷĻҪǿƵĶˣ
ҲǱ˭ǼȻǾóŭ׼
˳ƷĻʱŻȻ˿ΪЩĻʳվģȻֻ±Ʋ
׽֮кܶҲ֪Ʒ·񣬴Ϊ֪ʼûһЭģ˭ѹ󶼻ᱻɱ
ķƷЩ˵ͷˣǷͲ֪ǸƷˣ
̫ΪѾ޵ôʱǸӵһȣһâʱһ޴ޱȵͭϣֱǳųƷһ


1617 ɱ
ϵͭ˻ҪߣϻмֿЦ
лͭȴһµ磬ֱ·Ҫضһ
һôĸ֣ʮֿ£
СŪ
ˣѰ˿ֻ¶ҪĶȥƣڳƷǰʩչʣѹǰŪˡ
ƷҲֱһȭ˳ȥһȭֱӺ
Ʒ̫ˣǸͭҲֽӣˣ
̫ˣ
˶ʱƷΪŵˣûôʹ򷨡

һ޴ޱȵĺ
ţ˾ͿƷһȭǵûͬǰ㣬ֱҵֱ۶ѣѪ졣
෴ģƷһȭֱӹᴩͭͭը˿
ôܣ
ǸˣʱֱѾƷĶ˿Ѫ
ڴıƴϣȫȫƷˣͳƷᲢ۵ûУȫȫѹˡ
֣
ʱǰһֱ˵
ʱ֮־飬Ǹ걾Ѿ˵ˣҪдĻʳ˶ԸƷ
˭ֱ֪ӾͱʷƻˣûϵְԼֱƵ˳Ʒǰ
ʱǸڶˣ˲ͻһһųƷ˹
ֵʱû˿Ƶ֮䣬ȴֱӳųƷͷ­һ
ǵ͵Ĵ֮̿
ѧıǴ֮̿
ʱ򣬲ڱˣ
õﵣǸǰƷע⣬ճֵǸˡ
ƷҲǸûзһֻ׷ɱǸֻ꣬һ˲ѣѾɱ˳Ʒǰ
һֱ䵽˳Ʒͷ­֮ϣ

һ޴ޱȵĽײһ䵽˳Ʒͷ­֮ϣȻֱնĻ𻨡
ܣ
Ǹ곹ɵˣһпܻᱻƷ赲סϾƷ⣬ȴû뵽ƷҲҲȻȴƷķƲ
һ˲䣬ƷѾϵǸǰһȭǸһԴ
ǰ˲ɵˣûзӦ˳Ʒϡ
ǸʱڷӦ˹һּΣյĸоӱֱӴϴԡ
Ҫߵʱȴ֣ˣƷɲǼ䣬Ѿǰˣֱһ
ͣ
Ǹûκηʩֱͱն롣
һУ˵ʵ򲻹ֻǼ֮ˡ
Ʒٶ̫ˣ˻ûзӦʱƳƷˣѾƷնɱˡ
ʱ˶˲ը˹
ǿ֮ǰ˹ڳƷЩ飬Ƕûۿĸ𺳣
û뵽׽֮оȻĳ
Ҳ֪˭ָʹˣ̫ϧˣ
Ʒֶ֮ңȴлҪӾˣҲ˱˭
ڴʱųƷʩʩȻ˵ʬʷ¶˼ζ顣
˳Ʒε˼ʳƷҪԾǿκҪ⣬ǶҪϵ׼
նɱˣʣǽ𵤾ĸ֣ȻڳƷǰǲһ
ղһս֮󣬳ƷʵҲס൱һֵС֮ˡ
ĻʳĸֶڰпһĻ׷׶ڲ亹ƷȻȴи׺ǸղûֱȥĻ֪ôġ
֪ûȤһ˶֮󣬻ʷ㾶ֱǰ˵
ڳƷɱĻʳĸ֣Ҳ޶á
Ʒ漴˵ͷ˵
ڻʷ֮£Ʒ׽ɽڵĳǳرϵһլԺ֮С
׽ڽһǳصԼɽţȻֻһǳأʵϣڳǳرϣ񷿣󣬵׽ڵжôķˡ
ڣеһͳ˻ʷס
ںլͥԺ֮УԶ
ųִʤ֮һȻһ˲ţ
ʷ㿪˵
ƷЦЦĿһۻʷ˵ңӦòҪ˵Ҽûô򵥰ɣ
ʲôżɽ˵ɣ
ʷ㱻Ҳŭֱ˵ʹ죬ǰ˵һͬԸɷ


1618 龳
ԸɷƷ𰸵̫֮⡣
¼ûԵ޹ʵİȻҲûԵ޹ʵĺޡ
ʷͻȻԼʾãҪ˵ǱͼƷԼҲŵġ
Ʒʱʷ㡣
ʷ޳Ӣ֮һɼΪǿȴķȻùˣȴƷ۾
ʷǿֻ±֮ǰܹκǿжҪ̫ˡ
ƷЩԥӣʷ˵سӦ֪ҵȻԴĻʳʵ϶ǷͬأպúɷЩڣأҲҪʱ򣬲֪Σ
Ʒ˶٣ûóȻӦ˵ɷʵȻǿҲûʤ㣬οԱǿԵģΪʲôһҪأ
ʷƷû̴ӦҲΪ⣬ĻҲûôű˵Ļ
˵֮ǰô룬ǻǶԵģô룬ֻģʷ
ʲô⣿Ʒ˵ԼʵоԵģûͻ֮ǰѰ𵤾۷嶼Ķ֡
ͻˣ𵤾۷׽ĴҲͬ־ڱصá
һɷϡ
˵ɷʵѾǰ벽龳أʷ㿴һ۳Ʒ֮󣬱ϳһ˵Ϣ
벽龳Ʒʱɫ΢΢һ䡣
˶֪𵤾ǵĶ壬ȴ֮·Ķ壬ʵϣڵ֮ϣо磬Ǿ龳
һ븹ӴҲ죬չ˳׵Ŀʼ
ǣǲǴһѣĸ˵龳㡣
˵ֶٻǰǰµؼô龳ʼ
ı仯ʵ֮ѣתʵҲԭһӰӣתʵ壬ǿ󣬳Ϊ½ɣ龳ʵת顣
ʱ龳ĸֿ߲εǷ
˷ûֱеֻеԵʹȨޣек̨޸ĹȨޡ
龳Ǵŷֿţֻ
һ龳֮󣬾ȫȫɱһΡ
ȻֻǸտʼѣǺѰҲ֮
˻ʷĻƷвΪʲôʷҪԿɷˡ
ɷҲֻǽ𵤾۷ĻԻʷʵӦǲģǿ벽龳һˣȻֻа벽ǹһ龳ʵͻᱩǡ
Ʒмֳ˼Ҳֻмֳ˼ѣΪɷ˰벽龳Ҳ൱İգԱûʲôѶȵġ
ֻҪʱ䣬׽һöԪڲдĵոɾʵһǰ벽龳ҲĶ֡
ƷһΣҲûмžܾˣֻǿŻʷ㡣
ʷƷûоֱܾ˵ģֿܸոûиƣЩˣҲԶֳ˲ٵӪɷռݱţľвٵצղųģʵɷ£Ը㣡
ƷʱȻˣ֮ǰĲ²ҲûʲôֱҲа˳ɾɷֻûôȷѡ
֮ǰ֮Ужϳɷ鷳ֻ±ҲƲ
ЩĻʳҲûһǼ֮֮ţҪ˵ǴǾԲܵģ޷ҲǿԴһҶĿһա
˱ŵɷ֮⣬ռŵϹ׿ʷ˵ǳҴĻʳϹҵĵմӵܣһ֮бȽĴˣ
ϹңϹ׿
Ʒû˵ֻĬĬĽָˣ
ռŵϹ׿֮⣬ռݶŵĵԣɢ޳û֪ʲôţֻ֪һΪĵͣսһĳӵܣ󲿷һӵܶĶ֣ʷΪ̫ҪǵùеųԳΧˣǶȫˣ
ôռŵˣӦþǻְɣƷ˵һۻʷ㡣
ʷ㺬Ц˵ͷ˵ɴҵ̧ŵȷʵңǸԾһʵڵȴŽ类Ƶʱ򣡡
ȵǸʱҵѾԼԴӲͬг룬׽ڵĴ˭ǾҪ˭ֶˣ


1619 ɷɱ
˵ĻӦòҪҲŶ԰ɣ
Ʒһۻʷ˵
ѵû˺һô
⵱ȻеģȻԽԽãʷЦЦ˵ִֻҲҪɷһս׼˰ɣȻˣҵȺҲӦ֮ô
Ʒ룬ȻˣȻҲǹˣ
Ҷ׽ɽڵƻǺ˽⣬֪ܸܲҽһ£
ʷ㺬Ц˵ͷȻ˵ԳֵʵӽӦǱ֪ҪǿĶˣӦòڽ𵤾۷壡
ʷ˵ţƷ֮дż飬ȻƷҲô̶̵ʱѣĳƷӦǻδ𵤾
Ͼ𵤾ͷǽ𵤾໹Ǻܴġ
ǳƷսȻܹȽ𵤾۷壬ǺεȺ˵顣
ҲǻһЩʱԼƽ
ͬʱҲԳƷĸŲŨȤ֪ƷʲôţȻ˵á
һȻܶԳʲôвϹ׿ɷߵԣ⼸˶Ѿ˰벽龳ȱܿǣ
ʷ˵
ûв´ĻӦҲѾǰ벽龳˰ɣƷ֮ǰҶˮ˵ģʵԪһ󱳺վŵ˲٣ɷ˾ָŻԪһͻƵ龳

ʷ˵ͷ
Ʒ⣬ȻûĿǰΪ˵Ѱ𵤾۷ĸֶݡ
ʷ֮мּɵ϶ǽ𵤾۷塣
Ʒ룬⼸֮⣬϶ӦöԶв⼸ˣҲԱ
ΨһľɷȻ˰벽龳ʵһ
ԭļƻˣ
ƷҲ٣ֻҪһʱ䣬Ϳͻƣʱ򼴱ɷҲսʤ֮
˵Ԫһͻ龳ֶΣڱƻˣѵǶûôƷ˵
ʷֻǺЦ˵ǳ̫СˣҴĻʳƣ龳ʲôȻЩΪߣҵȿɶǸ֮еӵӣȻиָİ취ͻ龳ⲻһֶѣ
ָòΪʲô˶ܹһ׽ɣ
ƷŻȻֻЩɱˣǸ֮ͬеٮٮߣʵȻδغǿģǺʣǼǱһˣδǰ;
Щ˲һһӽҲûԭġ
ֻϧƣŵǵ˳ƷϣȴƷɱ
ԪȻ󣬵ȴҪĿģҪõ׽ڵĴУܹһ֣ҵδǰ;Ҳ
ʷƺҲûбֱ˵
ƷŻȻѹֻԪһ󱻳ƷƻˣʷȻԸˣڻʷ˵Ҫ龳ֻһ·ѣⲻеһ·ˡ
ڴĻʳ˵׽ںǿôƷʵ
ǻڣ׽ڵǿҲӹɵģԺǴĻʳһᲢۣмֵľǸִкؼʷ˵
׽֮кܶܣѾ˥ˣ佣Ȼҵ޲ߣʷпһ˵ҪǿĻֻ˲Ҳδؿܣ
Ʒ˵ǿԵȴ׽ٶô
漴뵽ˣЩֻ¾Ҫڻ֮ǰֱӽ׽ڵĴйϷˡ
ϾӴʵҪԶ֮ϣ֣ôǵķݡ
ǿʹЩ޹ȥһЩҲɱȥ˵ľһ˵ϼ£Ϊ棡
ʷ
ϧûܿǵƲ⣬Щϼ⼫пܾǵ׽µϴõģôһֱûɢܹõʣֱӾͿԿ龳ϣʱ򣬳ܹһ֮
Ʒ˵ͷԭʷĿ꣬ѹֲںԪһơ
أ˻˵ʱլԺ֮⣬شһ޴ޱȵŭ
Ʒ
һֱӻˣ˲ͽլԺƽˣ¶լԺ֮еĳƷͻʷˡ
̧ͷһȴ֮ϣһͷɢ꣬ĸߴ絶Ϊֵǣı󣬱һ޴ޱȵӣȻ˻Ҫһ֡
ɷʷ³֡
Ʒʱ֪˵ݡ


1620 Ӳƴ·
ڵõ˳ƷϢ֮ɷ˼ҪƷĻʳЩֵìܣҪֳ֮Ʒ
ЩĻʳĸÿһ˾пô򵥵ľϵο⻹һ׾ӵı
ƷʵãҲˣ˵֡
ǳƷոյֱӰڳֱ̬Ӻɱ𵤾ڵĸ֡
˶ϹóƷ㲻ǽ𵤾۷壬սҲڽ𵤾۷塣
𵤾۷ʲôֱأ
ôĻʳĸ֣ܹƷȼҲֻһСˣѹסƷģֻҲô
£˭ֵɷĵء
ʶһ֮ɷסˣԳ֣
ɷôĵӣҪҿսôʷʱĿ˵˷ɵ˸߿֮ϣɷңңԡ
ʷ㣬ûйϵĻͲײֵֽܹģɷ˵ɱǴĻʳˣ֪ϢѾôǱÿһĦȭƣ˭ɱܹõһѧһĵرأڶɱɱЩȫһһ룡
ɷжڻʷҲмּɵҪַȽʷֻ
ʱΧһһ֪ʲôʱΧѾΧ˲ٵĸ֡
Щ֮󣬶ʱ׷׵һ֮Ҳ̰ɫ
ֻһѧһĵرǶݣǱƷնʮ֮࣬ǿѧʮѧʮֵƵĵرβΪ֮ء
ʣֻгƷһ֮Ҳ׵Ķˡ
ɷ㿴ˣһʷɲˣ޴ջ󣬻ʷû˿Ķݡ
Щ治ν󣬵иı㶫վһӪ֮С
ʷ㣬ͬҲͬ⣬㲻ͬҲͬ⣬ݲ㲻ͬ⣡
ɷ˵
˵ţɷȻֱӶˣ֮Уֱӻһ޴ޱȵĿܣһȫɵĿܡ
ҲڵֶΣϾʱ޿̶ǾĿܣͲá
Щ۶ɵĿܣȻȲ֮ǰƷֶĿܣǾȻҲн𵤾ս
ɷ
ʷɫһɷҪ֣أȴ֮УѾһӰ
ȴڸ߿֮ϣһ޳һװֳһڳĶŻʷ㡣
֣һΣ㻹ǱˣȻĻҵ϶ù
ʷʱɫѿ³˵֡
Ϲ׿
ʷѿĶסˡ
ͳƷᵽϹҳϹ׿
ɣҶ֣Ϲ׿͸ҳ֣Ϲҵļм
ԭͺܼɵϹ׿ɷˣɷϹ׿Ȼĵڷˡ
һ֣ܺȻҲҪҳƷˡ
Ϲ׿ҲˣɷǱɱƷ
Ʒһˣһ˶ɱȫο֣
Ϲ׿ʷסֻ³ƷҲֲ˶ˣ
˶óƷƷʵ𵤾ǣƥн𵤾۷ʵΣְ벽龳ĸ֣ôǶ֡
Ʒܣη壬ֱһԾϣͬһεضֱӱһȭ
䣡
һȭֱӽ˸顣
ɷֻ㱾ôƷҲˣɷбȴš
ôĵӣ
ɷһԭЩֶΣѹ־Ȼţ
˵ţɷ˾Ѿˣȫ¶ɢŽɫĹâֱһ
أ
أ
أ
һ˲䣬ǧٸ񷶼ıˡ
Ʒʾֱһֱǰ˲ȭ֮ϣɷֱչ˶ƴ
˶ɵˣƷܺɷӲƴǼֱԼ̹֮֮˶ô
۳ƷսжǿǾϵĶ̰Զ׼ġ
˭֪Ʒ֮ɷ˸ֺ
˺ȻǣƷȻ·磬һʱ֮䣬ûаΣ
ôܣƷʵô֮ǰǿˣŹȥ˶ʱ䣿


1621 ɷﱻ׷ɱ
˺Ȼ֣Ʒʵƺ𵱳ɷǸܵʱҪǿĶˡ
Ǹʱ򣬳ƷҲǿȽ𵤾۷ʵڣڽ𵤾۷ĸ֮Уˡ
ոͻˣ
︽֮ǰ
ĻʳĸִʱҲɵ̾Ϊֹǽ𵤾۷Ҫһ벽龳ĸִڣѣ͸˵Ʒ𵤾ˡ
һ㣬ʷ㶼еȻˣԭΪϹ׿һ뾡취͵ĳƷһ˲ͱɷɱˣıҲ˲仯Ϊˡ
˭ƷһվȻ·硣
ƷʵԳ֮ǰԤϡ
̣ѹôţ
ԼһʱȻò³ƷɷҲмȻ֮˸Ӿ˵ɱ⣬ڣƷѾѲˡ
һĻǾ͸鷳ˣȳƷ˽𵤾ԼǶ֣
Ҫ龳ƷҪ𵤾Ըϼ֡
֮
ֻĿǰĳƷݣֱһֱӾͽƷĺ˺üɢ˿˿Ѫ
ƷѪڼĹȷʵɷвࡣ
ƾ𵤾ûеҲҿ⣡
ɷ˫ֱޱư߸ϡ
ɷ˵ţֱӳֱ֣һֲһϵеĿԶԶȥ֮γһ޴ޱȵĿ©
ʱ򣬳ƷϣֱӷɳһƽʿӰȻ֮С
ƷϵһıϣҲȻһһΣʵֱӱǡ
еŵǻûãǰԶˣ
ɷĮ˵޶ԣҲǳƷ΢Ϊ֮ݣѰĽ𵤾ĸ֣Ǻɨ
¡
Ʒһȭ䵽޴֮ϣձըը飬ϯ񳱣ֱԳٵٶϯ
һԶŵϹ׿ͻʷ˶ܵӰ죬ˣҿ
ϣҷɷЦһ
㲻žѹҰˣͬľ磬ɱƷһȵ˲ȭÿһȭ춯أ
۸㾳ͣΣɷЦһ漴һᣬǺ顣
ҪԼĹǿѹƷû˿˼
ʱ򣬳ƷͻȻѣ˻¶ڱĹâһ˲䣬ϣͶһڱһڱϣֱӱŽ޾Ľââϯ˿ֲĹâһ˲䣬ֱӳɷնȥ
һ̫ˣ쵽һµĳ̶ȣ
һɨ˳ȥɷﶼûзӦҲû뵽ƷֶΣһֱûó
ͣ
âɨɷʱѪ罦˳

ɷһҽУʹ̣ǰڣֱӾ˹ȥ
İӶһ޴ޱȵѪۣͱƷһ˺ѿ
ɷ֮ϣһĿƬ鿪
ɷȻԼϸһܣֻϺѰûʲôֱ𣬻Ҳûʲô֪
Ǿؼʱ򣬾
ȻĻƷͻһԽ˲նɱ
һѰĽâɨĽâ
ֻһѣͽƷڵķͳͳգҲǳƷǿһˣӶͿˡ
꣬꣬꣡
ƷϴŴǰɷвɵֿϧ飬ĵزˣȻûܹɱɷ
֮ǰһֱûг֣ΪľҪɷһݵġ
˭֪ɷȻĵơ
˶ɵˣĿǰıʣ˶ɵˡ
ҿ
ڣ˱һ䡣
ʱ˲ˣ֮ǰνҵսǳƷųһ۷ѣɱһ
һʵ̫ˣ벽龳ɷﶼĵˡ
⡭ʷ˶ɵˣϹ׿ҲɵˣһҲǸ±ˡ
ǵĻ⧲֮£ҲþͱɷõĶȥ
ƷǿղһķȻʱҲʮֵƣȴҲɷҪõĶˡ

Ʒֱ׷ɱȥշ˶ϡ
ɷȫѪЩ屻Ʒһնϣʱﻹ˷ĳԶӴܶȥ
˶ĿɿڴĿɷﱻƷ׷ɱĺһһķߡ


1622 ׽ɽŴ
һͻ̫ˣԭɷڶԸƷڷ֮䣬ѾǳƷشɷ׷ɱɷ
ȻǶóƷ϶͵ϮɷȻɷʵڱֱش
˶ע⵽˳Ʒе֪ʲôƷʵĽֻһѣȻܹشɷ
ֱڸЦ
Ҫ֪һ𵤾۷ĸֳеķͿһشһ벽龳ĸ֣ǲҪ´ˡ
͵ϮҲܵģ
»ǿһѱ
ǰһ̰֮ɫһڱֻƷܹͣ˵벽龳ıƷֻ֮ҲΪġ
룬Ʒôײеģ˻Ǵͷġ
ʲôЦɷﶼǶ֣οǣЩ˿ƷļЩĶ
漴Ʒһ·׷ɱɷӣǲɵһڿˮǲȥùͷˡ
ĿǰƷȻʵҲûеƾֵĵز
ɷһϾҵʹնĽâ֮У֪ʲôУûа취ָиʴһĸʴķûа취ֱӻָ
뵽ﻹͣæһϹ׿ң
һԵϹ׿һӦҪųƷһʱ򣬻ʷѾסϹ׿
˼ѾˣϹ׿ֵĻҲһʱ֣ʱϹ׿ܽɷԼҲᱻʷش
ʱҲе±ˣû뵽Ȼ־档
Ӧɷͷ󣬶Ǵֶѣ˭֪ɷﱻƷˣ·ӣʣһﷴʷǣסˡ
ʱֻоʵ̫ٵˣ֮ǰĽȫͬ
ɷܲˣ
Ʒһȣ²ϲȳο硣
ʱ򷢻ãλָһֵʱ׷ɷﲻš
أ˵ĿⶼƷɷһսȥʱأԭһֱ׽ɽϵĽһӱˣ˵ǰʧ١
ɲǼ䣬γɹ˷ɢ˿
׽ڵɽ֮бһ츣أв֪̺У궼ڽ֮Уһֱûбա
һֱգΪάֵ֮⣬󲿷ȫڡ
һŽıһӳ˷ɢ˿ֱγɹͬɽ鱩һ㣬ֱӾͽ˸˳ȥ
ڳĶǽ𵤾ĸ֣Ǳһ壬ǸվȽŸֱӱ˳ȥ
ƷҲ⣬ʱڵķѾûжˣڱôһֱӾͱ˳ȥվվȡ
Ҳ࣡
ɷҪܣ
ƷɷҲ˳ȥҲûеֱֿ˳ӣΨһͷҪӳƷ
ܣ
Ʒһֱ׷ȥûɷŵðҲû뵽ʱˣ类ƣ˶׽ɽŵʱ򣬳ƷȻִɱݡ
ƷЦһȻ׽ڵĴеȤȴҲֻˣԺ֮ΪĴУʲʱ֮ҲΪǿĹ׽ڵĴʲô
ڵȻҪɱɷˣ
ȽҪ
ܣ
Ʒֱſ죬ΧֱͬһӿУֱӻΪķʱƷķָһٶȸˡ
һֱסƷɷ￴һĻʱ󺧣Ȼֲ
Ļֱô˶ᱬըô򵥴ֱĽա
Ȼ壬ǹĻһܻ
뵽ֺ֮ɫ
Ʒҵģɷ˵ţֱҧ⣬һھѪ˳һھѪ֮˵ɫһӱòҰٶһٽ񳱵˲ʧһƬʧӰ١

Ʒʱеƣò׳Ὣɷشȴûɱܵˡ
ΨһοǣɷղֻȼˣҲϼˡ
ˣȻˣȥ׽ڵɽźˣ
˵ųƷֱתˣ׽ɽŵķ򣬲ֻƬ֮Ѿ׽ɽڵһǳ֮С


1623 յ׽ɽ
Ʒֱӳɽ֮Уײ˼ĻʳĽ𵤾ĸָոմط
ղųƷ׷ɱɷ˵ʵϲֻƬ֮ѣЩ𵤾ĸԭԶԶĿ֣ڲŷӦ
˭Ҳû뵽Ȼʱͱˣ˶˸ֲ
ǿ˳Ʒʱ򣬶ʱһףʱѾСƷˣӸղŵһս֮УѾܹףƷĿ£ûѰĽ𵤾۷ĸҲ˿ռϷ硣
ʵǿ󣬸öԸ
Ȼ֪׽֮ΪʲôôֲĴڣǺʣһΪµĶ֣
֣׽ڵɽ֮кܶ࣬㹻ҵһͬõһͬİɣǺɷﲻһֵģ
Ʒ鲻ƵӣһĻʳĸֱŵæ˵æƷ⡣
Ҳһ𵤾۷ĸ֣ЩĻʳĸ֮УȻʷˣҲеٮٮˡ
ԭ׽ڵ˷ȴòͷʵǲԸǳƷ
ۿʱƣƷֻں̵ܶʱ֮ھͻָ۷壬־˵Ļָʵ˾ÿֲ
Ҫ֪ǿɷﰡһʵɲ⣬ֻһܹ龳
˭֪ڳƷһ֮£ֱɥ֮ȮһǱӴܡ
ǸպýˣƷ赲һ£ֻɷӴ˽١
ǵȻóƷһݲӣ
ֲʲôǵȻץųƷţʱȥһˡ
ãƷ˵ͷȻɱ¾ϣȴҲǵһ߱ɱ֮Щ˼ȻðҲö֡
Щ˼ƷûҪֵ˼һȻ׷׻һĶݹ⣬׽ɽȥ
ƷҲһ޶Ѱһʷ㣬֮ǰʷģ׽ԼӢϴЩϼ⡣
ƷҪٽһ˻Ԫ֮⣬Ҳһܺõѡ
ǸԺ֮еʵľӢصϼ⣬пһ֮伫Ϊ¶Լȴܹȹ˵ĸϴ裬еķš
ڳŴʱڣҲϼ⣬϶УֻѰ˺Լˡ
ϼⲢڵϲ޾֮веϼ⣬֮תǰǶǻ߼ĸ޾֮Ϊ˵Ѱϴġ
Ʒٶȼ죬Ȼ˵ȻοܹõϼϴĻôĸο
뵽Ʒûκԥֱӳ׽ȥ
Ƭ֮䣬ƷѾһǳص漴ƷͿضʬ塣
ƷһΪҵսʬ壬ֻЩʬѾķɣ϶ǸʬˣЩʬ߱˺ѣ߱ᴩʮֿ¡
ϴŵĶ׽ڵʽƷʣǰ׽֮еĵӡ
Ʒʱ˵õĹ׽ڵ鱨֮Ҳᵽ׽ڱֱӹţһҹ֮䱻ˣܶŵĵ伮ʹжˡ
ڿȻģ
ۿɼĲ֣ϰٸʬ
ֲǣƷЩطЩӿݵģӿݵСȻѪѪδɡ
ƷɨܹоЩѪ֮У̺żΪ˵ȻѾֻʣһˣǳƷЩѪǺεȵǿ
Ҫ֪Ҫ꣬ѪɿݣҪΪµΪѰܹĵġ
׽ȷʵ˴Уﱬ˴սԶԶĻԿбһսɽŶս
ݶ𻵵ĺۼֻЩݶǾĽ󷨼ӳֵģûƻĺܳס
ҲսжôĿˣ
أʱԶݹֱӷ˹
ƷһЩһĴĻʳĸô
Ӧţ֮ϣһĽâϯ˹Ȼ⼸ݹϵĴĻʳĸ˲Ͷ˵ϡ
ֱӽǴķǣըѿ
ȥ
Ʒʱֻоһ׽ֻмΪֲĴڣ׽ڿк֣Ļôֵܹǿиȫء
ƷͻȻ˹Щ׽ڵĴ֮УȻдźܶഫжߣʵϣҲĸ


1624 ̳
˵һսνǾ׵һսͬʱҲܾ˵һս
׽ڵɽ֮󣬱׽ĺһ˾ĸ֡
ҲΪʲôЩ൱һ׽ڵĴУȴԽԽһֶЩûиɺԵѪҺҲ֪׽ڸֵĻֵĸɸֵġ
룬ͻȻ뵽ˣܿ׽ڰŵĺֻڣ
أƷֻԶһ޴ޱȵӰƾȴһͷɢŻֱӳ˵ǰ
һͷ֮зǳһĽ׼ȷ˵Ӧһͷͣ
һķţƷȻûмԺ֮еʵļ䣬νǼʶ㣬¼зûмġ
һ۾ͿˣһĹͣһʿпֹΪԼãһͷǷǳһģȻһĽ
Ҳ˵һͷǰпܾһΪǿĽ֣ͣ
׽ֲǹţһţӦò͡
ΪһּΪУϽڽ֮ϣνһ⺮ʮݣ
Ҫٽ෴ģԼò⡣
һͷпܾ׽֮ĳǰʱطתɵĽֽǰһּΪνһ൱ǿķˡ
ַֻתɵĽеĹͲ࣬Ҫʱ޿̳żʹĥ
ʱ޿̶ʴǣ˵һּΪ̵ķ
еţô˴Щ̫кܴĹϵ
һ㲻رᶨ֮Ҳתɽһȥô꣬ûбѾʮֲֿˡ
뵽Ʒʱֻоһֺëĸо
һͷֱ֮һĳХâֱӺɨȥÿһκɨȥĽâɳԶԶȥ㤼ˡ
֮УƷԿüߵĴĻʳĸֱӾͱɨˣ֮ء
ܣ
ʱеĴĻʳĸֶӳ˹Ľ磬Ҳһͷˡ
һͷΪɲ⣬𵤾Ϊǰһ
أʱ򣬳ƷǿԶʷڼ˹ǰ
֣Զ㣬һͷĻΧޣֻҪӦþͲ̫ΣգֻҪЩͿˣʷ㿪˵
Ʒ˵ͷһͷƺػʲôһֱĳһΧ֮ڻû뿪˼
ֻҪСĵ㣬һͷ֣𱻽ĽնУӦþûйϵ
Ǿ͸ȥϼĵطʷֱ˵
Ʒ˵ͷҲûж˵ʲôֱӸŻʷķȥ
ʷҲϷˣһͷ̫ˣĿɨǿ˭͹˭Ȼ뿪һĻΧ֮ڣȴɨĽͲˡ
ЩһĵɨɨеˣʲôΪ·һ
һ޴ıըǳƷҲͬоľս
ܿ죬Ʒͱʷһ̳ǰӦ˵̳ڵĵطһ޴ޱȵĹ㳡
㳡֮ϣεĸʬЩʬȻ׽ڵĵӡ
Щ׽ڵĵҲ겻𣬳һ־һֱһƬ̳Χεһпˡ
ڼ̳Ϸ߲ʵڲϵɢ˵Ĺâ
ʱѾкöѾϵˣǶںЩ׽ڵĵս
ȻЩ׽ڵĵΪ̫ߣҲǽ𵤾֮ϵĸ֣ȻЩĻʳĸ˾޴в
ƷԶԶĿϹ׿ֳֳͬʱʮ˳ȥֱӽʮ׽ڵӵĸʬ䱬һڲϵĿǸ̳
һߣһһѿɽɨâֱɱһ·Ǹ̳
ʷ㿪ڵ֣֣̳ϵƽ֣
ã
Ʒ˵ͷǶðͷҷĻǽһâǶ
ΨһѡӲˡ
ֱ֣ʱ򣬳Ʒſʷĳ֣ȷʮ־ˣһɲǼ䣬֮ϻӰٶȿ쵽˾˵ĵز֮Щ׽ڵĵӻĸʬͳͳ߱
ƷҲʾűɽӡӡֱӻһĴɽѹÿһζֱӽʮ׽ڵĵѹ顣
֣Ȼ׷Ϲ׿͵ˡ
˶ٶȳǸ̳


1625 ӣһ
ȻҲڷٵĳǸ̳ʱȺҲʼ
ǵʵûа취ȣַֻʽٳ̳
˶֪ҪͻƵĻǰ
ҲǽĿ꣡
䣡
䣡
䣡
˶ڷ֣ǵķӦһ
ĿųƷĸֱɱ˼̳Χ
Ϲ׿͵ˣҲע⵽˳Ʒͻʷֱɱ˽
ʷٶȷǳ죬óҲжҰӰ·һ˱ռȫ硣
Ƕ֪ģϾ˴ľ֣˵һ㶼֪ĻҲ̫ܣ
ǺȻǳƷٶȾȻ˿Ʒ˻һ⣬ɲǼ䣬Ѿ˸
˵ʷǷ磬ΣɢĻôƷƽһף£
˫ٶȶǼ죬Ƭ֮Ѿ׷Ϲ׿͵ˡ
˼ͬʱѾɱ˼̳ıϡ
ֻڶ׷׶ؼ̳ϵ߲ϼץ˹ȥ
ֻײһ˶ʱ֡
ĻʳĸҲͬʱ֣һʱ䣬̳ϷѾվһš
ѧ֮ͬ񳱣ϯһС
̳Ѿһ޴ս˶ڷ˺ЩصĹš

ƷϹ׿ûֱײһϹ׿ֱһƳųƷ˹ȥҪƷķɳȥ
ǳƷôһ֮ˣǶɷҲû¹˵Ϲ׿ˡ
䣡
Ʒֻһȭ͵סϹ׿һƣƷ΢·磬ȴҲûȫ·磬ϻѷʤľ档
Ϲ׿˳ƷһۣվûٶԳƷ֣ںͳƷ˺ֻᱻ˸ռ˱ˡ
ʱĸ˼ĬĿʼųȻĸ˷ֲһ˶̣Ҳù˸һҪõĶˡ
˵ʵȻӹɣĬ֮£ǽ𵤾۷ĸҲ岻
οǻЩ׽ڵӻɵĸʬסˡ
Ʒֱһץ˼̳֮˸ŵ߲ϼ֮֮һķ
Ϲ׿͵ʮֲҲûа취Ʒ̫ˡ
ֻúͻʷֹϷ֮һ߲ϼ⣬ʣµ߲ϼǱϵһȺ𵤾۷ĸָϷˡ
Ʒ˶սҲףʱ򲻷ֳһָЩ𵤾۷ĸǲܵĺ滹иĽ𵤾ĸڸסЩˣֻǶд鷳
ƷջֱӶȡ֮һ߲ϼ⾶ֱһӻһ˸֮䣬Ѿ㳡ıԵشڴʱѾܹоЩ߲ϼڲϵ͸֮С
һḶ́ڳƷץЩ߲ϼʱ򣬾Ѿʼˡ
ֻʷ㣬Ϲ׿ԣЩֵһ߲ϼĽ𵤾۷ĸִʱҲ׷ӵһԵĹ㳡ϣֱſ˽磬Ȼҵս֮ϣҪʼͻơ
ҲǱƵûа취ˣսͻƣΪΣյģЩ߲ϼȻûа취ֻʹͻơ
뿪˼̳֮󣬲վͺܿͻɢ
ԼҲΪˣ׽ڲŽһ̳Щ߲ϼ⡣
ƷɴֱʼЩ߲ϼ⡣
ƷܹоһɹɵĪϴˢԼڵྭ裬ÿһϸһϴˢ֮¡
ƷǿѾʮ־ˡ
һĪϴˢ֮£Ʒоӽһɱ䣬ȫ¶ڽžҵɱ䡣
ʱһһĹȥ
սĲϽУ㳡֮ϣЩ׽ڵӻɵĸʬҲ𽥵ļ٣ЩĻʳĸҲռϷ硣
Ѿһ߿ʼͻƵЩ֣֮һɱģһˮˮûзֵ
ֱʵ̫ˣ
ܿ죬˵Ŀⶼе˳ƷϣǳƷ߲ϼ⣬ҪǣΨһһ׽֮еӴûйϵųƷ֣õ⵽Ʒʦŵı
ܿ죬м̲סʼˣڳƷͻƣƺΪʱ
ȻǸոճ֣ոտȴƷ֮ͻȻһë׵Ĵ֣͵һЩ𵤾ĴĻʳĸ֡
أ
ֻһѣ⼸𵤾ĸֱӾͱһĵ˿ɢѪɽȻһֻë׵Ĵץ޾֮С
ʱ˶˸


1626 𵤾
ʱǲŷӦ˹֮ǰĸͲԣ
ȻƷǹ¼ҹһôΣյսͻƣһ׼ûеġ
Щ˴Ʒ⣬ǲǴעˣ
뵽˲ɵϨͷЩˣÿһкѹǵ
Ǹǲ
пûиŵĳƷҲܹǵģ
Щ𵤾۷ĸҲǣ
Щÿһſ˷õĽ磬ǷĽ磬ǵͻƴˣôһǷŭҲܹеġ
뵽˴ض㣬ֻһˣһȴͬǵһ㣬Ǹָˡ
׽ɽ֮УҾͲֻһȻòˣǵطȥ
أ˸ߺһȻȴ˶Ӧ˹Ȼ߲ϼⶼûˣﻹԸæԶȥ
ǲҷ±Ǿ޴ޱȵĽǲнӹΪ֮󣬻кܶ׽֮еĸҲӿУޱʹų˳У˲ҵս֮С
ǸһĻҲŭɶϵĳ֣ÿһɨȥֱӴֲĿ񳱣ޣĵ֡
㽣ϺЩ̫ˣʹ֮£η壬ηǱԽԽ
ʱأһն䣬ֱ䵽˹㳡֮ϡ
¡
һ޴ޱȵĺ㳡ѾΪ촷ۡ
ԭʢ߲ϼļ̳Ҳһ顣
һҲ㳡ԵһӸˡ
Ϲ׿һ۾ֻоڵķڷٵһ޴ޱȵһоԼ˶һˡ
龳
Ѿ龳ˣ
һϿ˵˳µ飡
Ѿǰ벽龳Ҳ˵龳Ҳֻ벽֮ң˵Ͼֻһˡ
߲ϼϴ֮ڿһ
˳ˮ۵ľͿ龳
ܹоոտ龳ͱ֮ǰûͻƵʱҪǿü
ϳƲסЦݣ龳ͷ龳ȫȫ顣
ֻȥܹеĲ
ǿ
ֻһͷ
أĿ⿴һߣڻΪ촷۵Ĺ㳡һߣƷ̵ضȫɢŵĹâͶƽ
·սϵһжûйϵһ
һִԲľ
Ϲ׿ǵһӦ;еĳֱָ˳Ʒ
㣬Ͳᶯ֣
أʱȴƷһӸܵϹ׿һһ۾ϴż޵Цݡ
Ϲ׿һû˿ľʧ룬һϹ׿ľսš
Ϲ׿ʱֻоë·ÿһë׶оԼ·һͷԶ޸ˡ
·Լ׼˳Ʒ෴ģǳƷ׼
漴Ϲ׿ֻоһּΪĸо֮ǰ벽ʱò³ƷҲˣڣʵ˺üһٿ龳սͬնȻᱻƷס
뵽ʱһҧеĹɿʱһͬƿգоκ֮ƳųƷһӱ˹ȥ
һ̫ˣֱΧĿΪ֮ı䣬һɿ񳱣γ˾޴ޱȵķ籩
䣡
һ޴ޱȵıը·͵ըֳһһ޴ޱȵıըҲһӽ˶ˡ
͵һӾֻϹ׿һ˳
һжôĿֲǻʷ͵ҲһæԱ߿˿
ʱû뵽ǣһ޴ޱȵıըûпƷֱӱ촷ۣҲûбشѪʡ
޾̳֮УǷ׷׿֮󣬿˳Ʒֱ̧ۣ̯ƣֱӽһסˡ
һڴƷƵʱһһı˿
˶ɵˣȫû뵽ܿһĻ
ղϹ׿һжôĿֲˣѾ龳ս
ʼĿֲ
ǻʷ͵ҪӦҲȫԸĻͿܱһش
˭֪ƷȻֱֻ֮־͸סˡ
ⲻܣ
Ϲ׿˼˵ղһû֣˵ȫǽƷָ
ƷжôĿֲ
أͫ͵һһ£ڷˣƷƽ͵ԲϢǽ𵤾Ϣô


1627 һĵİ
ǵģƷϵϢȴǱģһ𵤾еԲϢ
Ϊ𵤾ڵ֮УǴŴԲһֱ˽𵤾˽𵤵
֮дԲ
ĿޣƷҲڿ˽𵤾
ԭ鵤۷壬뵤Ҳֻһ֮ңѡ
ϴˢ壬һ޴ɱ֮󣬺Ϲ׿һƷҲͻƣһͻƵ˽𵤾
սͬ˺ü
ʱ˲ڴӱչ֮˹ǶѾˣͻƵԶԶֻǳƷϹ׿˵ΪҲһ޴ķԾ
ʷ͵˱ǰ벽龳ΪһͻƵ龳Ϲ׿Ϊ
ԭֻǽ𵤾۷ҲǸһﵽ˰벽龳ֻһ龳֮ǰĻʷ㣬ԣϹ׿˻Ҫǿϲ١
ͻƸҲûκκ֢෴ģǵθˡ
ֺǰͲ춼Ҳףܣ߲ϼͺϡˣӵеҲǰѿصķǳϸ񣬸ܹӴõġ
ֻţлõ߲ϼϴ
Щ൱ΪһһأֻϵĲ࣬ĻԴϵĲࡣ
ˣȻܸˣǴջҲС
ʱϲù󣬼ϾͽĿ۽˳е˵ϡ
Ϲ׿һˣƷ־ͽϹ׿һȻûֱӿɵˡ
ֱ͸һһųƷʱĳƷֱһƤĹ
˵ˣ㣬ͲһƷĿ˵֮еٲȻûнǰϹ׿
Ϲ׿ųƷԭոͻƵĺ飬ȫƻˡ
Σһ𵤾ҵͷϹ׿ҧųƷֻҲףǰˣȻֻһѰĽ𵤾ҲһԸˡ
ʵǳƷ̫ǿˣ̫ˣ
龳Ϊ˵Ѱ𵤾Ѱ𵤾۷ʮ˸ɱģ벽龳ĸֶס
Ѿ߱ѹȫʵ
ǼˣԳƷʱȻûбʤİգ
ʵϣղžΪӦ˳ƷвžҪΪǿͻȻһ
˭֪Ʒչֳʵǳ֮⣬Ȼͽ־͸סˡ
ѵһô
뵽вɵһɬĽͷ
𵤾أƷҡҡͷЦһ˵ҺҲԩ޳ɷҲˣɷﶼ׷ɱĸһһȻѵѵ㣬㻹֪ߵغˣ
ѵңƾ㣿Ϲ׿ʱƷĻЦˡѵҵ˻ûأƾ㣿
Ϲ׿˵ţеĳ͵һӾ
ҾʶʶϹҵ
Ϲ׿ʱĿס˳ƷϵķҲһ˵ٶȼ
֣СģϹҵǼΪ£ʱ򣬻ʷҲɵòˡ
˵ԭֻǽƷһʱõĻĻôѾȫһ̬ˣƷǱɹǵС
޷ʲôƨļһ
Ʒν˵
ؾʱϹ׿еĳ˲伤˳ȥɲǼ䣬Ʊɫеĳֱӻһ޴ޱȵǣһųβֱ˳Ʒ
ײصƣ
ڹԪʱдţңԶǰĿΪһСײ˴أ˿
Ϲ׿һȻﲻ˵ĵزһ龳ֵľΪͷųȴԾס
СҲǰŪƷЦһ漴һ˳ȥҲóʲô˵ƷʲôͨҲʲôѧֻǼ򵥵һһ˲⾪˵һ
¡
һ޴ޱȵĺž޴ޱȵǳײţ˾ֻϹ׿ǼȻƷһĳ촷ۣԿ񳱵Ƴ˷ɢ
ƷһȥƲֱ
Ϲ׿ʱãóԶ̽ǽսȴߣҲϹҵĸֵļߣֻǳ̶Ȳͬѡ
ӶӲƷһ£ֱסӲ
أ
Ʒһʵ죬ɲǼѾϹ׿
Ϲ׿һҽУ˱˳ȥһѪ˳Ҳ֪˶ٹͷ


1628 һķķ
ƷһͻȻɲǼ䣬Ѿˡ
˶û뵽ǣԭϹ׿ڳƷǰȻ˵Ĳһ
һӾ˳Ʒϣ
Ϲ׿Ʒһжֵס
һУνˣǰҲ󲻵Ȼӵһ档
Ͼ˿Ϲ׿ò³ƷҲԱǿ龳ĸְ
Ȼ˾龳ûжԶҲΪˣ֪龳ûп龳ȫȫˡ
ֱһϵĴڡ
ǿ龳Ϲ׿Ȼᱻոտ𵤾ĳƷˡ
Ǵݿһһлܣ
˲䣬ʷ͵˶ֻоëԭҲû̫Ʒϡ
ϾƷ֮ǰԽа벽龳Ҳֻǰ벽龳
ǿ龳֮˫ĲӦ˲Ŷԡ
ȻʵȴǣȻǱˣȴǳƷֱ˲ࡣ
˳Ľս˺üǳƷĽǵĻҪ
ʱǲƷȡһ߲ϼģ֮һ֮࣬κһ˶ûгƷôࡣ
ǵĺü
ô߲ϼ⣬Ʒսֱһ츲صı仯
ȷʵûв´Ʒȷʵս쭣ľ磬ͲǸոտ𵤾һֱͻƵ˽𵤾۷壬ͲһͿԿ𵤾ڡ
սǱϹ׿ǿϲֹһ
ֲſɵҲֻɵѣֻһ˵ĻóƷ࿴һ۶ûȤ
ƷޱƽΪֻԼ֪ԼʵʲôزлоöԪϻԪԸһֱӳ𵤾ڡ
Ҳ˶ʱ䡣
Ϳֱˣ
һЩĻʳĸ׽֮еջ񣬵д˳ƷУ˵Ϊ˼ѡ
ôܣ
Ϲ׿Ķס˳ƷһѪ˳αֱӺ˷֮УòײֻоȫµĹͷѾˣǶһ¾ޱȵʹࡣ
УƷֱһһƾͽܣ˫ͻ֮Լ龳ǾȻûܹ˦˦Զ
뵽Ͳİ֪ɷԳƷˣڣŸоʲôζ
ѾˣƷѾܹԸ˵ˡ
ʼˣղŲöֻ֣Ǹʱոͻƣ˵緢ƷʱҲѹûнƷĻϣֻΪƷ˵Żء
Ҳɱ㣬ǼȻҶҶ֣ǾͱҲˣ
Ʒ˵֮˸ɱ⡣
Ϲ׿ȻĶ֣츳СȻѾˣǾͳնݳ
֣һӿɺã
ʱ򣬻ʷͻȻ˵
ƷЩɻĿŻʷ㣬֪Ϊʲôʱվ֮俴ҲйϵӣϾղϹ׿ס˻ʷ㲻ûʷ־Լء
ǷϹһϵ飬Ҫһ飬ŹһΣϹҲһεģ
ʷ㿪˵ʱ¶˼ֿЦϹ׿ȻûʲôϵͲϹ׿ȥȴǷϹһϵ飬֪ܵ˳Ʒ£ҪϹ׿
Ϊ֪Ϲ׿ǸϺܿصһС
ȻҸ߸ϵĺͳƷ˵ΪϹ׿ǳƷĶ֣ȻΪϹ׿óսǾԼ֣ҲòĶȥһķڵغͱķڵʲôء
Ʒһ£Ϲ׿ʱϹ׿Ҳ֪ܱܲסͿˣæ˵֣ղҲǹϣǸɷԻˣԺҲͳԣָ췢ģպԲΪ鱨ĻҲú
Ʒ˿Ϲ׿Ϲ׿ָ췢ģ⻹Щôģ֪ͨ㷢Ķûʲôϵָ췢ĶûʲôЧ򵥵˵ͨҪָ췢ģүôء
ʿе龳ߣѾʼӴڤڤ֮еķ
ʱָ췢ĵĻЩЧģΥԣֻ»иȥ
飬ƷҲǴӵʵļ֪֮ģҲɡ
뵽Ʒ˵ͷ˵ȻˣҸһӣŹһΣڰԸңǾͱˣ


1629 ǬԪ
ƷȻͻȻ󷢴ȱˣŹϹ׿ȻҲԼĿϹ׿δʵһţϹ׿ٶܲ
ߴҶˮǱߣƷҲ֪ϹڴĻʳ֮кܴӰƷҪǰĻʳǱҪƷҲ볹׽Ļʳ֮еȫˡ
ȻϹ׿ԲĵĻƷҲֱӽɵ
Ŀ⿴Ϲ׿Ϲ׿ƺȷʵסˣ֮ûԹ֮ɫ
ȷʵϹ׿˳ƷŹʱһæ˵л֣
ȻԹ޳Ʒһƽķڵأ㽫ɵҲ֪Լʵ϶ɲƷġ
Ϲҵĳ棬Ľ飬ҪǣӵܣСڸֶթĶ֮гɳĿȾȻ֪ʲô˿Եʲô˲Ե
̬ƽ߸ϵȥƷʱ򣬲ŻֳᷢƷĿ£˵ֻҪزۣδǰ;
ǾպҳƷ鷳תΪύһ׽֮е˳ɫδ϶Ļʳ֮Уûиǿ£Ķ
ŭѾȫ˰ˮɷϣҪɷڵز
Ҳ֪ΪºҳƷ鷳Ĵ㣬ӹһ٣һͷӲƷĸ֪ʱ·һ
̫ˣԴϲʷЦ˵ҲûзҪɣ޷ǾΪ׽ڵĴк͸ҵֵĻѵȣ໥ɱҪõĸô
Ϲ׿룬˵ͷ֮ǰĸ˾ĬһΣֱӵס˺ЩĽ𵤾۷ĸ֣ɹһĴͷԼǴĻⱻ̵
˵ףֻΪ棬ֻԶ棬ûԶĵˡ
أʱһ޴ޱȵĽ͵һһ쳤ХȻʼˣֱӿ֮ǰΪֻǸСΧڻСȦӡ
һЩĽһЩĴĻʳĸ֣׽ĸ֣ټޣӿֱ꣬ɨջΪѪꡣ
ƷԣϹ׿ʷ໥һۣʱ¶˼ѿ顣
ǽ̶ĳСȦڵĻǻСѰǽȻѾ̤ǸȦӣһӾͱüΣˡ
ߣ
ԵһӦ˹һݹ⣬Գٵٶڵ漱ߡ
ƷҲ໥һۣһӦǳȥ
Щ˵ʵͲһͷһ֮С
Ƭ֮䣬ƷѾ׽ɽڵһǳأǵһͷԽ׷Խ
ؾһͷ׷ǳأ׷˵Ӱʱ
ȴ֮ϣһȼյĻֱӺһͷϡ
𣡡
һͷֱҳһ󶴣ʹϵĴС
һŻĻ棬ھ˿ǣճһ󶴡
ˣֻµҪҲҪˣһͷȻֻǳХһϾѾָ˹
һ˫һѪ˫ۣĶס֮ϡ
أ˾ֻһܾ޴ޱȵսճ֡
һսһͭս֮ϣܹ߰⼣Ҳ֪Ǿ˶µĴݲУڳһЩݴһЩѪ֪ȥ˶궼ûиɺԡ
ϻһЩǹµĺۼΪĹϺͳ¾ɡ
ǾһܿΪϺͳ¾ɵսȻһǰδеĿֲƣסһͷ׷ϵͬɥ֮ȮĽ
Ʒķ֣ս֮ǰսľȻһһȻط۶ɵһͨɫȼܻ棬һͭսеĺϵ̫һ㡣
˻
ƷһΪóǰһͷžõһȻֱؼĻԷ۳
һͭսͷԲС
漴Ϳһͭս֮ϣһһɫս׵꣬꿴ԼĪŶʮģӢͦһֻץһֳֻһ˳ꪣһǴսһ㡣
ֻһ˵ƣȻסȫǣһͷ޼ɵĽòصĿӰ
ǬԪôʱˣʱ򣬻ʷһڽݡ


1630 һǿ
ǬԪ
鶼
ʲôˣʱ˻ǬԪʱɫ̫ÿ
ΪǶף׽Ľ磬Ϊ̫ߵûа취ɹǬԪǾֻһֿԣǾ׽ĽѾˡ
Ļʳɨƽһ׽ڵĴҲֲǣ
ʣǬԪֵһ̿ʼһεжѾˡ
һǬԪѾ޷ƥеĴˣ˵ǬԪ϶Ĵ档
̫ϧˣ
Ϲ׿ҧ˵ϵÿһ£ֻû¶˺
һ˵ûջΪһﵽ龳ջȻҲ
ϾûĻҪﵽ龳Ҫһϵʱпܡ
Ƶȣ׻
Ҳûа취ԿǧԪ
ʷ͵ɫҲͬأΪҲףǬԪĳ֣׽ɽеѾǶûʲôϵˡ
Щ֮УΨгƷΪӵģǬԪ̫ǿˣɢϢסȫǡ
Ǳ龳ǿĴڣ
ˣĴ취׷ɱ
ʱƷѾоΧܶĿⶼѾɨ˹
ǬԪҪƷԴ飬˶ֻ֪֮ǰƷֵ̫ǿƣǸͷ
ǬԪжɵͷ
߰ɣ
ʱʷͻȻʲôһæ˵
Ʒǵһʱ㳯ȥ
ĿųƷߣʱҲ׷ȥԶԶΧҿ
ǬԪĿǰһͷϴżĮ飬߸ϣһս
Ǻˣһͷ˵˻ǿǿǰǻۣɳƣ궼ûп˵һ㣬ͬƥ˺ѿһ
ĻʳǬԪǬԪ˵
Ļʳһͷĸ֣أ֮˸һ׹⣬
ǬԪЦһԸɽҲѵãͶңҿ۹壬ס񣬲ܹʴ
ͶһͷһѾЩʱԺ֮УֻޱȵĳޣֻǵôĻʳС
ֻǶݵѣҲǲޣ
˵ʱʱ죬һͷֱһɨȥɲǼ䣬âڶ𣬺һɽڶһֱӳǬԪķնȥ
ڤ粻飡ǬԪЦһȻҲûϣԸԸΪػ׽ڣ־֮ᶨ֪
಻ʵ壬ȫȫƾ־۶ɵ壬־֮ˣͳױǱʴ׳˷ӡ
ִǿִĹﷴǸӼֵģʲôǣΨִһͷ
Ҳû˿ĺ£еĳ͵һӻ˳ɽһ޴ޱȵĽ߽ˣͷ·Ǳһâ˺ѿһ
˻̫ǿˣǺǬԪȣȻôĲ࣡
սԶ֮󣬻ʷͣ˽ŲԶսˣֲ֮ģȻ֪ԼǬԪȣо޴Ĳ࣬Ҳ뵽Ȼ֮
ȻѾ龳ˣǱ˴֮ĲǵûбСоĸˡ
Խ֪ԽηԽ֪Խ࣬ԽܹоǬԪĿ£
һǿôϹ׿ҧҲмֲģҲǼ֮ΪõӵӣǺʹʱǬԪȣδ̫Զˡ
֮·ոտʼҵͱСϼ꣬Ҫ֮еͻͽڣδδûĻᣡ
˵֮˸ܻ棬ʾ˿ȡ֮ͷڶ
ʱ֮ϵǬԪڱԼµʵʻͭս᳤ꪣһ֮Ľڽڰˡ
ҲǳǿǬԪҲй֮޲ǹʣֹȥ꣬岻ȣǶѾҲˣƾ豾££ǬԪĶֱ֣ӱĽڽڰˡ
˫սһ·׽ڵĳǳֱ֮Ӵ˳ǳ֮УµսֱӴƬƬĴݻųǳ֮еķݣķݻ˲ԫϱڣֱӻΪ촷ۡ
ǴĻʳĸֶĿɿڴ׽֮еЩ֣һĻǳ׿ɵˣ·ǿħ֮Ľһ
֮ǰڴĻʳǿҲֻЩĻʳĸ֣ȻǬԪ뽣սˣ֮ǰ뷨жôĿЦ


1631 һŲɷ
֮ǰԴĻʳЩֵǿ󣬲ֻǴĻʳǿıɽһǰˡ
ǬԪ뽣Ľ棬֮ǰ޿ƥеĽ𵤾ĸ֣սನɨˣһ·һ
սħ֮սһ
ܹĵģ
ͷһ֦Ʒһ·ֱӳ׽ɽڵĳǳأԶԶܹǬԪսĿನ
Ʒ̾һǬԪʵȷʵǿǿĿǰʵֻԱס£·һ
ûк£෴ģֻоȫµѪڷڣǿĴĻʳ֮أиǿĶ֡
ڲǬԪԺҲǬԪ
νµһΣƷնٺųƵһĸ֣ûʲôµġ
ڳƷȻ嵽ǬԪǰȥ
ǬԪǰˣֻ׽ɽ֮п϶ʲôǬԪĶ飡
ƷͷҲ漴ŶȻ򲻹ǬԪɽͼĴڣδûа취ǬԪ̵
ϾǬԪĵ˾֪ǬԪɱȻҲ뷽跨ǬԪʵ
أȳƷ룬Զȴһֻ͵һӳץ
ƷǱܵľͳһˣһͿ׵ľ룬ڶ㿪һֻץ֡
Ʒ̤Ьٴȫѹ򣡡һϤԶһӰ˳Ʒǰ
Ʒһ֮Ҳɵ˼ֲ飬ΪǰȴǱˣ֮ǰ˶ӵɷ
ʱɷʵ͸ղȣֱ˷츲صı仯˺Ϲ׿һսƷȻҲ֪Ϣı仯ǿ龳ʼľŻеϢ
Ҳ˵ɷ֮󣬷ǵûȻʵˡ
ȻûƷҲЩȻԼһжôĿֲɷﲻ㲻ˣһЩ˵ĵҩûҲת
Źȥ˶ʱ䣬ɷǵƾʵһ
û뵽ɣ
ɷ¶˼顣
ҲΪұɣ⣬˻үҾ£ǵˣǰʵһ
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뵽ϲɵô˼ָм飬ԭֻǳҪԳƷ֣Ǿһε֮Ѿ׵ΪǬԪշ
ǬԪǿܹƥеģ߾ȫУҲܺᲢۣΨһİ취ǸǿߵĽŲпδﵽߵľ硣
һöҩѣ˵ʲôҲ˵ҴСдֵҩ˵ѻɽʲôֻҪʵʵľı£ֵҩеǣδұ㵱ŵŶʲô
ɷԺ֮֮ǰǬԪ˵Ļʱףе˵ȷǣֵҩȥ֪Ҫ˵ᣬǶǬԪ˵ȴǿʹͱ˵Ķ
ᶨҪǬԪ˼
ԭǬԪֱʣƷ˵ͷ¶˼Ȼ顣
֪ǬԪСдԼǵҩȱģ֪ܹ˴Ӱ벽龳龳ĵҩҲвʤö١
߹ѹˣ
˵ʲôɷһУ֮ɱ⣬Ʒ㻹ҪһôԼ֪龳ǺεǿĴڰɣ֮ǰƾ豻Ƶֶشңһж˵Ѿûˣ˵㲻ֻϰˣ
үҪͷѾܾˣժͷȥҺүͣɷѾװԼλã׵׵ıǬԪ۷
ƷҡҡͷԭȻ裬ȴҲһһʲôֱأһ֮䣬ǿ֮Ķûˣδʲôɾͣ
ͼѿ֮ҲܲˣʱҲûã
ɷЦſųƷ¶һѾ׽㿴˵飬óƷ˵ô࣬޷ʱˡ
ʱ䣿˭˵Ҫʱˣ
ƷЦһǳҪɱ㣬ϻȪ̤̤
Ʒһ̤ɲǼ䣬ضΪ֮ɫƷ˲һؼһż̤ȥȪˮ
͵һӳɷȥ
أ
ɷ޷ֱֿӲУ˲䱻ɳȥȥԴȽ֮У˲ֱ


1632 β
ɷﱻһžֱ
ͷ­֮У
ԼûͨԼʵˣȴڳƷǰһ
͵벽龳ʱǿ˺ֹһ
ȻƷĽȴҪ󣬱𵱳ֹǿ˼ô򵥡
ֱ˱ϵĲ࣡
ƷЦһЦɷﵽڻΪлܹһѩǰܣ
κ˴Ҳ뵽Ʒʵ֮죡
Ҫ֪֮ǰƷشɷǿ˳䲻⣬ɷΪƷǭ¿֮˲֣Ӷɷڷ±Ʒش
£ƷʵӦҲͬʵɷĶֲŶԡ
ȻƷվһˣɷﻹ̫һ㣡
һٻɷƷа˺ܶ࣡
Ϲ׿ƷԷһ·ɷƷǾԲŹ
̧ͷ׽ڵɽڣʱǬԪѾȫȫռϷ磬˳ǳ֮УǿµĹನ
˶סˣҿֻǻԶԶΧţƺڵȴʲô漣ķһлܹõʲôҲһ
ƷҲͬˣһʱ˺һ㳯׽ɽȥ
ʱ˵ĿⶼһսҲûע⵽ƷĴڡ
ڼ׽ɽŵʱ򣬳ƷѾоһһսĿ񳱣˷
ҪƷȥ
ʱ򣬳Ʒһʧԭ֮УֱӽɽͼĿռ֮С
ʱɽͼҲǻһС۲ɼ΢ٵӽ˳ǳ֮УһսನҲӰ쵽һ΢
ҲǣƷʵ֮֮ɽͼ¹ܡ
ʵҲ̸¹ܣɽͼֻ֮ǰƷʵ޷ʩչˡ
ʱƣƷʵҲһһϵǿɽͼĹҲԽԽıֻһһ˵Ŀռˣڲռ䲻ϵı󣬻˱ҩɽ
Ͼǵ굤ⲻֻеһѡ
ȻƷҲǬԪ⣡
˵עһҵĴսסˣ⣬һ۲ɼ΢Ծ˵ٶ˽ȥȻֻԶԶսԵֱӿ
ԶԶģͿԿǬԪֳһ˷컭ꪣֲâһһĴ˽ϡ
ϷһĲҽǬԪеķ컭ꪻâһĻ棬񷶼Ҫմ˵ֱǿǡ
һΪڽ֮ϣóóأĹȫǬԪǰս֮ϣսȫ赲סˣ˲ǬԪ
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ǬԪֱӴĽڽڰˣ˶ԿĹҲ𽥵ıģ
ϻĽҲڲϵļ
ڣҲ֪ȥ˶ãǬԪһꪺУ˲䵹˳ȥݺײ˵ϣһƬĽ
أʱǬԪһֱ˳ȥһХ˲ֱӽҪһĽ˵ϡ
ҽűðĻճޡ
ڤ粻飡
ǬԪֱһԾӵϽꪰ˳ʱѾûˡ
һӣʱ֮ϵһͭսѾ˿ռ֮Уʧ
һսףһսһ㣬˳ǳ룬ܿʧ˵֮С
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ǽҵȸûκΰ취ӦԣǶ˵ֱͲ¶
ǬԪĹһͷǿҲӹɣ
Ļʳֲɵ÷׷˵˵һĻǲɵеһĸо
˵Щ׽֮еıˣ廹ĵ֣һĻѾɵˣֱһ㡣
˭ûע⵽ǬԪϣһ۲ɼ΢ϡ
ڳǳ֮УǬԪĿû˿ı仯ޱĮأƺЩԣ͵һһͷ˲ͬһɨ˳ȥ
ȴûзκθߡ
ɵþЩ֣ԼԼоڿ̽ȴһֱ
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׽ڵĸֶ£ѵһЩµֶô
ɽͼ֮С
Ʒ΢΢һǬԪĸӦ˵ʮֿ£ɽͼĿռ乻Σֻºùĸ֪


1633 ֵǵı
ɽͼĹȻ棬Ҳ˵һʧǬԪʵȻǿ󣬵Ǻ֮Щ߸ֻвġ
Ųεĸֻ֣һ۾ܿԼαװ
˻߼ĸ֣˵Ŀ棬Ҳ˿ֵġ
ּĸ֣֮ܿϣܹĻȪ
Ŀܹһıϣ
ﵽһֲֿľ磡
Ǻ͹Ŵ֮еȣҲǺѷɫ
ּ˵Ҳһ֮ңˣ
ǲ֪Ļʳ֮ûּĸ֣ҶˮǱ˽ʵ̫ˣΪҶˮԼĲҲͣƷ˽
ڳƷ˼׷ɵʱǬԪѾ׽ڳǳ֮ǰĻʳĸҲûܵĵط
ȫ赲סˣ
ڽѾǬԪˣȻ赲һЩʣµĽҲ赲סǬԪĽŲ
Ĳʵ죬Ƭ֮䣬Ѿһ޴ޱȵĴ롣
ǬԪǰһһҲ˴ǰĿꡣ
ǰˣ
ǬԪ⣬СѰ˿ɵõĵҩ˵ֿɵãһΣҪõ׽ڵĶɲֵͬ˦󲿶ǰ
ɽͼС
Ʒֱ˳ǬԪĿķ˹ȥȴ֮ϣż
ÿһ棬н縲档
ߵϣһڶһͭŶϿ̻ŹϷӵĻƣѰ˸ͿһͭŶǸʲôõġ
ǳƷһ۾ϳˣһڹŶһڼΪѵõҩҩǿԵ¯ʹõġ
һãһ˵ôȻ󣬵ҲڳƷеĻЧȫͬˡ
ΪѾϳˣһͭŶǵǰһڵ֤֮ǰһֱʹõҩΪɽӶ
ʳɵ֮õľˣǸʱԵʵΪѰĵҩ־ƳɹĲˡ
ǳƷȴͬûеʵ־ΪҪЩԪתɻԪͲ֪ҪѶٵʱ䡣
ʱܹɽӶĻðʱЩԪͳͳܹƳΪԪ
Ҵӵʼ֮УƷܹ֪ɽӶ˿֮⣬ܹҩĵƷʣһЩԭܴﲻҪҩģɽӶİ֮£ܹҪ
һЩҩҪһǧݵ˲ΣɽӶƣֻа˰ݵ˲Ҳһá
ͬʱ⻹ǵ굤Ƶķ˵ɽӶԼԼķ
ܿ죬ƷĿ⣬ʹɽӶ֮ת˿ɽӶıϣһСģķ
нƺڣƺʱضܱ
ֻǿһ۱óƷһֵսľĸо
һö
Ʒʱ˳еʵļ䣬ҲԳƵǼʶ㣬һ˸ϵõĶǶ˵ȴûʲôѶȵġ
ֽǽһӡУһͷųͷųȫ
ҲڳŴ֮ЩɷǳĸµӷõֶΡ
ΪӡеĽǷǳǿģһӿֻ鵤һʩչֽ龳ֶܱɵ
ֻֽǷǳģΪҪܹǿĽ˵ǷǳѣֻøĲϲпƶɡ
һöֵҲǲɹƷȻ֪зӡĽжôǿ󣬲Ȼܱ׽֣µķֻҲǲˡ
ȲɽӶҲ˶ˡ
һöıϣƷһӲӵ鼮һɻƽɵ鼮һ
֣׽
Ʒʱͫ΢΢Ȼһ
Ҫ֪һĹҲԳĳĳĳĳͲˣһĹܹõĳƺ
ȻƷʼߣҰܸ٣ܹ֮Ϊ
Ҳ˵һ׽ܾܿ׽зŵĸˣܿмŵĶ׽֮Ϊڣϳ˵Ľš
ƷɵǰһѰĽʵǺں׽ȴͬΪ׽ڵĹԴԵķ
Ҳ˳Ʒ塣
˵ڳƷ˵ʺĽſ϶׽
뵽Ʒɵǰһ־ڱصãÿһƼֵƣ׽ɽӶļ۸ǡ
ʱЩˣΪʲôǬԪȻǰˣ


1634 ֣ǬԪ
ɽӶȻͲ˵ˣ¼ֻгƷɽӶá
ξһ׽ȥֻ»˵ᣬ̱һƬȷѪꡣ
һöֵҲǷǳ˲õģ
ƷһϢ񣬻ֻһΣ
ҪǬԪʣǻڰ
СһЩĻôõ
ǬԪǰʱǰһҪҵľɢ
Դ׽ڵĴ˿ʵģ׽ڸʱ׽ڵµΪľǸ׽ڵĴһδ׽ڵĻᡣ
׽ϼ׽ϵĽţ˵׽ھ󲿷ֵĹǴ׽ġ
ֻҪ׽ʱգһ׽Ҳʲô⡣
һö׽ڵĴ˷õģ¼ʤһʲô˲õϹȻҪзõֶΡ
ʣµҩǸ׽ڵĴԼ˵ֻ֪ңԶǰĳһλǿߣշת䵽׽ڵС
ʲôܣǺ
ǬԪȴһ£ܹ׽ڵ֣Ϊδ׽ڵĶȻѰĶ
Ժ˽Ļᣡ
׽Ạ̊́µĶ̫࣬⵽˵죬ֲ̫׽ڣϧˣ׽ѾϸΪã
ǬԪЦһ
ƷˣΪʲôͻأķˣԭǵ׽ڵ׽ڵġ
ôһо˵Ĺȥˡ
׽ڵ׻۹ģ׽ڱڵؼֲƸˣֻ¸дܹ
Щ׽ڵıصĸ־ԲŹġ
µ̫עĿȴǸ׽ġ
ǬԪҲû뵽ıɢʱͬʱһҲͬʱ
ҵƫûı
ǬԪֱԱߵƫȥЩ˵֮ؼһʱ
˵ͷͷһǸˣһƬֻҪ˽
˵һѾû̫ˣܺ΢ֵ˶ûУǽǰһʱ϶ѡ
ƫ֮УһЩĵر翴Ҳ󣬵ǺǾͲԶˡ
ǬԪ뿪֮ԭһ˵Ĵ֮ϣֱӻһӰȴǱˣǳƷ
Ʒ֮󣬵һʱ䣬ǳһöץ˹ȥ
ԭڽ֮ϵĽҲһʱ䱻Ʒֱĵķ顣
һöҲ䵽˳Ʒϡ
ƷžͳɽӶķץ˹ȥǳƷոץɽӶʱɽӶϾʹһϤĲǺͳƷɽͼγ
ԭ׽Ҳһ˲ͷֱ
һɸǿ˲̲Уǵ굤ģЩһֱǱûжڴƷһ˲䣬ͺɽͼ໥Ӧһ˲ѾƿɽӶ
Եʵʵ˵׽ڵڲͣŬͼƿɽӶҲֻ˳ʹõˡ
ǳƷͬӵеʵļ䣬ǵʵĴˣһʱ䣬ѾƿɽӶ
ʱ֮Ϸ飬˲ѾǬԪ
ʲôˣǬԪһ޴ޱȵ֮гž޴ŭŭ𼸺Ҫһжȼˡ
һ˲䣬һֲޱȵĴִƫ֮ץ˹ֱץ˳Ʒ
ƷҲ̾͸֪һ־ҵΣӿͷɲǼ䣬ɽӶ˲˳ƷϷ

һֻɽӶ֮ϣֱӱһһ
⣡
Ʒ˺üֻоѪӿûбֱѪ
жʱȻǬԪʵȻֲԶĿǰ֮ϣûɽӶס˴󲿷ֵĹֻһƾͻᱻǬԪ
ɽӶ赲ס˴󲿷ֵʣµһСȻȫڲ
ȻǳƷȴ˿ɲǼ䣬ֱһ˳ȥֱ׽ǰһ׽֮ϵĽ磬һ׽ֱɽͼ֮С
ôĵӣ
ǬԪŭɶһѾ֮Уڿ˵˭ˡ
ɲһֱѰҲϣɱĳƷô


1635 һ
һ˾ȻǱˣǳƷǬԪʱĻڲȫɢſµɱ⣬֮еĿסˡ
Ʒ˲ֻоΧĿ̻ˣ΢ƶһ¶Ϊѡ
оԼǬԪĿֲɱסˡ
ǬԪĿ£ԶԶ龳Ĵڡ
úúã̤Ьٴûȥɱ㣬㾹Ȼҳҵǰ
ǬԪʱŭɶһӱˣǿֲɱֱʵʻˣȻǬԪһֻ͵һץ˳ȥֱӳųƷɨ˳ȥ
ƷɲǼ䣬ҪɽͼĿռ֮жȥ
ߣ̫ˣ
ǬԪƷξҪʧڿռ֮УλףƷղžƭĸ֪ġ
֮ǰĸ֪ûдȷʵ˸˹ֻǳƷǶһռ䷨֮С
֮˼֮ɫַڴĻʳ֮жǲģڼΪġ
һĿռ䷨ҲֻܷһЩûĶҪ˽ȥƷʵҪܸˣûĶƷȻС
ǬԪķӦ죬һ˲ӳһ˲䣬ռ䶼ˣԭҪɽͼռ֮еĳƷһ˲ͱסˡ
ͽȥˡ
Ϊû취ôǬԪЦһֱӳųƷ׷˹
ƷķӦٶҲܿ죬ɲǼ䣬ѾӶȥ
ٶȻ죬ǺǬԪ֮ʵ̫ˣǬԪɲǼ䣬Ѿ׷
ֱһȥ

һֱ˳ƷͷɽӶϣƷ⵽ĺ˲䱻˳ȥ
ƷһѪ˳ȥ
Ʒ΢΢һ䣬ǬԪ̫ǿˣҪûɽӶĻѾˣǬԪϡ
һˣȻҰңʹһ㣡
ǬԪ¶һĨЦһ㶼ûżмè׽˼ƷɽӶıҪɱԷҲ⡣
ͿʲôʱԸֽɱѡ
ԭҩȻôã㲻ҲԵˣ
ǬԪ棬ɽӶ֮׽ڴ˵ĿҲɲĶڳƷߣǷµĹܡ
һƷѹûзڴĻʳ֮УܹҲָ
Ʒ͹俤˼ûйϵĻѹ۶һۣ˵ĵ׷ɱƷˡ
ֻһֻ϶ѣĵ׷ɱĸ
ǬԪĲϱȣƷˡ
ǬԪϵһһƵ£ûʲôѧƾžǿʵʹĳƷڽڰˡ
ƷϺˣ̲סһѪ˳ѹסֱӱˣοǬԪǽһϷˣء
ûлţأˣƬ֮䣬˫Ѿɳ׽ɽŵĳǳء
ЩûߵĴĻʳֺ׽ĸֿһĻ׷ײɵõɴ۾
⡭ôܣǲǳƷô
ȷʵǳƷôᱻǬԪ׷ɱ
˻ǳƷû뿪ȻǱ뵽˳
찡ֱǵ죡
˶ƷĴ󵨸ˣЩ˶ȻѲ²ʼĩǳƷ֪ʲôʱǱУ̵ȴǬԪˣֱ׷ɱ
ǿƷ϶ʧˣǸ޷Ʒܹɹ
ǲ֪ΪƷɹˣǬԪܻ׷ɱ˳
أʱ۷׷֮ʣһĽâձ
һâɨ˴أ˲ͺǬԪ
ͣ
һ̫ͻȻͻȻ˶û뵽Ʒֲܹһ
˿һĻڲ
ȫȫһǶôĿֲ
䵽ǵϣֻನԽ𵤾ĸֽ˳Ƭ
⡭⽣ô£
˲ɵõһ
Զʷ㿴һĻҲɵŴˣͳƷ֮ǰųĽȫͬģǿ˼ʮҪǣһ֮д֮޾֮
ǲͬͷųĲŶԣ
ȫ벻Ʒôģ
ȻҲ׿϶ǳƷʵģҲɴ˿ɼƷȻ˾˵ĵơ
Ϲ׿ŵɫҰףһʵҲסˣʱף֮ǰƷΪζмһˣȻôµֶΡ


1636 شǬԪӳ
ǶΪǳƷֶΣҲѹûǳƷڳеõ
ϾǿҪǬԪǸ漣
˶ɴ۾Žķ籩ɢȥǵܹһЩʱ
ǲſǬԪһɨУС嶼챻ֱնˡ
ôֲ˵
⡭òǬԪһαشɣ
ͻȻһǬԪĿֲ˵
ǳпܣҪ֪ǬԪСССͱѾչֳ˾˵ʵʮʱѰӶĶˣ˵֮ͬѷ֣
ս֮УҲûһ֮УѰˣ΢Կһ¶
û뵽һһ֮УȻشˣ
˶ɵˣƷпܴһʷһܹشǬԪǽһҲǰ޹ˣˡ
Ҫɱ㣡
ǬԪ˫Ŀͨ죬֮˸ɱ⣬Ĳ񻰽ȻƷˣһеϣѹҲûзϵ˾ȻĲ񻰸ˡ
ץǣ˲ȴǿˣƷõһö֮еĽ
ֻһѣͽشʵ
ǬԪ㻹߸𣿡ƷЦһϴŴһȻǺ޴ۣȫķһա
һεۺ񣬾Ȼһ˲ͱˣ֪Ҫжôѡ
⻹ǽ˽ƾնһ
Ҳ׽ڵ׽ڵĴ˷õġ
ղǬԪϴһƷߵڼףؼʱס˴󲿷ֵֻһǬԪҲڽӡ
ǬԪΪǳߣǱ׽ֻ»ǲԶһ൱׽ȫһ
֮ǿȻӹɡ
ͬʱһö֮ǰܵĽҲĴˡ
ʵϣһöҲԵķֻΡ
һΣѾõˣ
һҪ֮󣬲ã
ҲֻΣԳƷʹãΨΣĹͷܹʩչ
ǬԪ˫Ŀͨ죬ɫޱѿһ˲Ѿɱ˳Ʒ
ƷǷĳԶӴܶȥ
أǬԪҪ׷ʱǰֱӶһͷ޵Ӱ
꣬ҵ죬Ȼһͷ꣡
˾Ǽһ۾ϳһͷ޵ɲǴϹʱ֮жǰеĳô
ѾˣںܾúܾǰΪشʧˣû뵽Ȼܿһͷġ
Ʒϵ׻жŵƣ˲˼˵
Ʒڱ׷ɱʱ򣬿νֶƵǸɽӶͲ˵ˣȻܹסǬԪĹټǾһһͷꡣ
̶ֻʱ֮УƷչֳĵƣͲÿһǴߡ
ꣿΪһͷܹ㲻ɣǬԪŭɶһͷĳ꣬תܣһͷûг꣬ʲôµġ
ڱشˣҲʲô˶ģ
뵽еŭڵһð˳
ǬԪǿѹסƣȻ͵һ˳һӳųնȥ
ҲΪǿνǵǹ룬һ˳ꪵǰֽͬһ˲ͱ˾޴ѪѪ͵һ罦˳
ǳƷڷӴܣ赲ס׷ǬԪ
ǬԪŭɶֱӼʻͭս׷ȥϵսѾʱЩǱƻѰ˸޷ġ
ÿһϵĺڳϣȻɽӶжȥ˴󲿷ֵʣó˺ۣһѾˡ
ƷҲޱۣһͷдãǴʱҲ˲ôˡ
ȻҪڶʳôҪĴۣ
أ
һ£ɽӶֱնɳȥʣµһ˳ϡ
ڳ֧Ųסһֱ֮ӻѪ飬ķѡ
ϾͱƷһץУ˲䣬ֱӶɽͼĿռ֮С
ڸղһ˲䣬ǬԪӳĹ̶ռķù⣬ǬԪûüӳµķƷץסʱ䣬ֱӽɽͼĿռ֮С
˲ʧǬԪǰ

ǬԪӢŤࡣ


1637 귨ɣս
ǬԪ׽óƷóƷܵϢһҹ֮䴫£ЩĻʳĸ֣Ƿ׷׿Ŀɿڴͬ˹һ
Ǹ޷ĵǬԪȻʧܣ
һУ
ŭ֮µǬԪֱԽ󷨷˷Բǧ֮ڵĿռ䣬Ǹ޷Ʒ䡣
ϢܿͱϢ׽类ƣĻʳ£Ƕ̶࣬ռ׽򣬿νǴϭ
֮ǰĻʳֵŰ֮׽ڵĸ˴Ļʳʵֿܹġ
ĻʳҲҪ׽ֻҪ׽ͳΣڴ֮󣬱дĹԱһͬ롣
Ļʳǳо飬̶ʱ䣬Ѿ׽˴Ļʳͳ֮С
׽ھĶ֮ƽ֮У
ʱɽͼĿռ֮С
Ʒڰ֮УϵҲָĲˣȻ֪ǬԪ˿ռ䣬һֱҪҵ
ƷҲżųȥˡ
֮ǰںǬԪһս֮ҲǬԪشˡ
ôʱĻָȻѾָ˹
һðһ˵ջ޴󣬲ϧǣķҲ״ˡ
ȻˣǸͨˣ
Ʒһ£Ժ֮меĻʼս֮һͨ
һͨΪأ
ܹͨıԼı࣬ֱܹӻǧɣɵ֮ͬһ㡣
ڵʵļ֮УַصҲкܶ࣬ʵϣʿ˵ȻֻǴ˵ѣȻֻվڽһС˲ء
£˶ദһȡɵİ취
һЩ޵ľѪԼڣԴ޵ķ࣬ȻȲͳķô¡
ҲܹǿԼʵģ
ֻһѪ̫ϡûãϹ޵Ѫп޷ࡣ
ʣ֮УҲǼΪ׺ģǰеǼ֮һ
ڳƷҪɳķ࣬Ǹʱ򣬾ͻἫǿԼʵԭʵ֮ϣܹһ
δ׽ڶᱻĻʳͳ֮УҲ֪жٸ֣ƷòΪԼ׼ŵơ
ƷʵѾǿˣѰ龳ڶĶ֣ϣٱ귨࣬ʵҲһһء
ֱҲʱƵģڵʵ֧ų귨Ӷѡ
ȻӣƷ㹻ܶˣټһöȣȫۻǬԪƷҲҷһ
뵽Ʒֱӿʼ
ǰʬ建Ưܿ죬ܵһɾѹһѪЩѪȫ˳Ʒ֮С
ÿһëףÿһϸ֮С
ܿ죬ƷͿʼ˱仯֮пʼëһ˵ëͬһͷҰһë
Ʒתϵ⳯ľѪ
ľѪҲôһ㣬ȫ֮С
֮󣬳Ʒ쳤Хһһӱˣȫ¶ëǣ˫Ŀͨ죬賤ɲǼ䣬ޱߵɽͼĿռ֮С
һ˲䣬ƷѾһͷޡ
ֲ޴֮ϣȻһԶŵϢͷš
һͷĳ꣡
һһͷϵĳëȥֻ˱ģ
̵ֻʱ䣬Ʒ͸о¶亹ʪڻɳʱҪƲסԼǣҪޱߵɱ֮С
̫Ѫ֮жһ֮־ᶨˣпܱ֮ˣʱıһͷˡ
ڹؼʱһɢһ֮н˳
Ȼ˲ãֻôʱı˵Ƕ챻ᣬĻ룬ӣٶֻҪɳˣƷ⣬޵Ѫ㲻ãÿһë׶͸¶Ϣ
ڱ֮ҵʵԱȵϿ龳ˣƷһ֮󣬵
ڵ֮ϣ龳龳ֻһͳ˵Уֳַ龳龳龳硣
Ʒֻǽ𵤾ڱ֮龳һս⳯귨Ȼӹɡ
ҪԸǬԪҪĵƣ


1638 Ҵһ
Ըһ˵ƷʵȻӹɣǻʷˣƷɻǣ
ǬԪȻв
Ҫǿ
Ʒ棬ȻдĻʳıѲߣⷽԲǧһ˿Ӳǵ۾
ԳƷҲżóúлоöԪ㹻ʹˡ
뵽ƷҲżת˻ʼһöԪ
䣡
һöԪ˶֮Уʱһը֮ըһϯ˿
ƷһʼŽ𵤾ڵϳȥ
һһƷĳ
ʱ׾Թ϶ɽ£ڳƷеʱ֮УһʱѾҴŶ
ŴĻʳǿ˶׽Ĺ׽֮Ҳ»ָƽ
ԭԣ廢ľ˵̫ƽ֮ࡣ
ͨڶѾϰͳѾһΪ˴Ļʳ
ͨ˵ûʲôֱֻڴͨĽ֮ԴĻʳŨӿ룬ֻһʱ䣬׽е˶ܵŨ̶ȷĺô
ͨǿ׳ٲ֣Ҳ֣ԭͻƵľ磬Ҳøͻˣ׷׾綼ͻơ
˶õ棬ܿ죬׽е˱Ѿˣһ֮׽ʽΪʷĳ˴ĻʳݣΪĻʳݿеһ
Щ˵һʱ䶼û¶ĳƷķΪץƷǬԪŭɶҹѲߡ
ǳƷȫȫʧһϢҲˣ·ƾʧˡ
£ͳǬԪҲò˶ԳƷѰң
Ϊʶʥּ׽֮ǬԪ´󹦻ص۹͡
ҲСϢţǬԪһǰΪƷˣƻδȫ͸ŲòػʶѰƵİ취
Σ˶֪ʱѾȥһȫµʱ
ݵĴ֮Ҳʼ˹ڴĻʳִ˵
ҲƺΪĻʳӵоʵĹϵԭеҲѹҲøһͬʱҲЩм
ҲףĻʳмôΪϵľںϵϵĿ
Ȼе㱯Ǵʱ˵Ǻ£
Ҳд˿ףĻʳʵʩƶȣͲǴֻһߣҪгõͳΡ
֮УңԶǰһģ׽ϵ󷨺ͽ罫ݺطָڲֻǻعѡ
Ļʳݣ׼ұ
˵һʵϣȴһСǣгס˿Ҳʮ֮ࡣ
׼ұ֮Уа˳ɶ׼ҵĺˡ
һ죬չ֮е׼ҼڵõһϢ֮󣬴Ҵææıӱչ֮س˳
˶ʮȻ֪ʲôϢܹüѪӣż
ʹ֮ڣһݸһöƶ΢΢
û뵽ôˣȻյеϢ
ݸĨȥ۽˸⣬˿֮ϵǸӡ
һһ£ӡ
лλӰҴеϢмݸ߸п˵ھĻʳսʲôѶûй˿ţǽӴϢȴ̲סݺᡣ
ˣǸСʧˣ˶ٹϵұ˶ҲСӵϢ
û뵽ȻܽӵСӵϢ
ÿ󡭡ǰҲǶչˣЩӦģ
Ʒߣɵ̾һ뿪ؽʱ򣬴ͳгһܹͳĳصĻܼʱΪһĸס
ͳУ׼ұСӣ׵ʱСĵʱռз֮У䵽ؽ磬Եɺ֮£ΪĴͳ
ȻƷڲ˵飬Ŀǰ˵ǾܣԲ͸¶ȥ
ԴĻʳʵ˵֣֮׽ҲòĶȥ
ôǹӸеϢڿ԰ģĿ
׼ұ˵
ʹڶӵ飬Ƕڼ϶Ѿдʱع飬Ҳֻʱա
ΪǲֻҪ׼ұܹõģһᾡ


 Ļʳ


1639 
Ʒ룬˶֮˵Ȼˣ׼Ϊҿһ֤ɣ
׼ұüͷ΢û뵽ƷľȻôҪ
˵أ洫һ
Ҫ׼Ϊ㿪֤ĪҪμӷڵĿôһŮö֮ȴżֲݾܾζ
Ż䣬һӰѾ˴֮УһһϮµŮӣݾ¾㣬ʤѩƸ߸ϵŮһ㡣
ڼŮӵĵһʱ䣬Ʒëں˳Ѫ֮󣬴ֱ
ŮоΣգǳǿ
һԽ龳Ŀֲڡ
統ǬԪĸо
ˣ׼ұŮӵʱ¶˼ЦݡӣҸһ£ҵŮ
񣡡ƷôȷҪμӷڵĿأ
򣬿˵ҲѲ²⣬ҷһȣɽյӵʱ򣬲֪ſҪҷڣ
ҷǴĻʳʮ֮һѡӵĸŶҪϸɸѡˣѡҷڣûһɿϢҲҪ˶ʮ귽пܣ
Ʒ΢΢һΪ˵ĿģʵĿǷڡ
ôһʱ䣬Ǳ˴ĻʳݣĿΪ˷ڡ
Ļʳʮ֮˵ʮ֮һӴ󣬸ƣڴĻʳ̸֮ڡ
ǬԪҲѾû˻͵أƷɱ
ʱȻҪһǿĿɽԺǬԪ࿹Ŀɽ
ΪˣƷѡ˷ڣΪڴĻʳ֮ӵмΪӴӰڻʶ֮жӵмĻȨ
ƷȻţһܹǬԪն£Ҫʱ䡣
Ҫ׼ұһ֤֤֮󣬳ƷͿȥʮ顣
ҵĿȷʵˣ֪ܷæƷ
ԣҿԸ㿪Ժ͹ҿҵ£˵׼ҴϢ飬ҳݣ
ǾͶлˣƷ˵ȡ֤
ƷֱӸˡ
ĿͳƷ뿪֮׼ұ˵屣ȥˣ᲻㣿
ҡҡͷ˵ʲôҸոս洫ӣ֪ҪͽңС£ʲôǼҴϢ㲻ʲô
ˣ׼ұĿɿڴĿ֮мֲ˼𾪡
ͬʱ¶˼ּ飬ǿǷڵ洫ӰÿһڵĵӶڴĻʳбλͬ
Ϊ˷ڵ洫ӣ׼ұ˵ôȻ˵һ洫Դһš
ҲǸոսģүүʱܿͻг͢ķʱҪ㸺Ӵˣ˵
û⣬׼ұڱӣ׼ұЦÿһʮŵ洫ӣǳ͢ӵصע˲š
׼ұ˵мĺôģ͢˲ŵļĽʹ
ʲô֮洫Ҳв٣ҪҪãǬԪѾҵһұҪӿеٶȣʱҲ׼һλҲ㲻үүЩĿˣ
˵ᵽǬԪʱֲ֮ϷĻ档
ããã׼ұݺۣ׼ұڸԲǧ֮ڶһԣʵĻʳ֮ڣ㲻ϡ
ܹɹô׼ҲˮǴߣɹѫȦӡ
ڵ֪Ҳܰοɣ׼ұȥᣬ漴ɫص˵
ƷҪˣҾһؼҪͨҵУ׼ұ˵һ飬ҶžȻģʼƭˣƭˣڿ֮Ż˴Ƕҵе䣡
˵ͷ˵ҲôģȻһſ˵ʸ񣬸Գ֣
΢΢һ¸ղżƷȻҲЩ͸ĸо벢ܹһۿǷǳ
ʱеǷ˼ĸо
е˼


1640 𵤾۷
׼ұƷû˵ĵطһֱӽɽͼĿռ֮УɽͼĿռ֮УƷǾ԰ȫģҲҪı˷֡
ղǳֵɵ棬Ļʳʵ¡
ƣŵˣǶѾǾţʲôţǾţȴؿɼ
ǬԪǳƷǰδĿֲ֣ȲǬԪҲֲܿˡ
ҸղųƷԸоƺһʲôѹš
ȻҲ򵥣ͬǵ֮
˴ĻʳƷŷ֣ǰеһЩʶȫ߸ˡ
ʱƷ˽⣬ŷ֣Ļʳ֮ǳŨǱߵࡣ
ԽĵطҲȻԽԣŽȻ
ĻʳˣһѰӤ쾳磬Ҳʱƶ˻Ϊ쾳硣
Ϊ㹻࣬㹻Сͱ̵ķţЩĻʳе쾳硣
֮Уֱǲģ
ĻʳľӸǿѹһУѰı䶼ǵ֣𵤾ĸھбȱȽǣһץһѡ
ֻ֮еţ֮УǾһʥˡ
Ʒûио˿ĺ£෴ģֻоȤʵ̫Ȥˣ磡
ҪģҪĻʳ֮вУĻʳ֮һϵĵλ㣬ɽյӣɸѡı׼ҲǷǳϸģʵһ׼ˣǼףܹ׷鵽ӡ
ǳƷģŻ׼ұ죡
һ˷ڣ˵󺣵ʱ
ƷУһʱ֮УΪһǰҲѾһ츲صı仯
ΪֱӴӽ𵤾һ˽𵤾۷壬ֻ벽ܹﵽ𵤾۷塣
ƷóһöԪһʱ֮У½½̷˶öԪѾ˶һöˡ
Ҳһٳ嵽𵤾۷ƾ裡
ǸʱսҲ龳۷壬һڵĿˣֵ
Ʒֱ˻ԪԪǿҩ֮ͷ˿һʱ֮гƷ˺ܶľ棬Ѿϰˡ
ܿͿסһҩȫͳͳʼΪķ
֮󣬳Ʒ͵һ۾ϵķ˲ͷ˿ƷڵĽĴڳƷĵ֮С
ƷͻƵ˽𵤾۷壡
ܹƷڵĽ𵤣ͻ֣ᷢƷڵĽ𵤱Ѱ˵Ҫͺüз·пµ𣬼Ϊ¡
һֱڣƷ̥ǵı仯
һ븹ӴҲ죡
Ʒһͻƣ
һǰȣƷǿʮ
ڵʷˣһƾͿԽǻܣ
ΪʷȻҲнȻҲ̷ܺ˻Ԫ֮ΪʵĳƷᲢۡ
ǬԪʵƷ漴Ͱ˸ոͻʱľϲǬԪֹԸǬԪжôĿ¡
֮ǰ򲻹
أƷֱӻֳߵâߵâϲɫ׵磬һε硣
߽
еһŽƣҲǼ׽ϵһſѧͬʱγߵâҪֵʱһһ
ʮ˵ã
֮ǰƷʩչЩвһͻ֮ʩչ߽Ȼӹɡ
ټϴļӳ֣Ʒһʩչ߽Ļ龳֮ϵĿ龳ĸ֣Ҳδûһս֮
ʮ֮ȡ֤Ʒ˷ڵɽ֮ǰ
һɽᶫһڴ֮ϣȻȴǴĻʳʮ֮һķڵɽڡ
ƷĿ֮ɽ˲֮УҪͨǲܵģΨͨǰһţпܽС
һŸΡ룬ڰ֮УҶдŷ֣ߣԾ
һ죬ڵɽɢŵĹâԼ֮·񻰴˵еһ㡣
һŵ·İ̳һ·ӵֱͨʡ


1641 ſ
һĳƷп֣
һ֮£ͷܶǷڴɽյӵʱ򣬿˵Ļʳеˣţǰμӵ˸ǲʤö١
Χ˳ƷԺ֮С
Ǻö࣬Ҳֻз˲ܹô˰ɣ
ҵ죬Щ˶ˣҿģʶģѾвٸصˣеھһݵҲûУ
ɲǣҶʵǿĸ֣𵤾ڷ֮УҲֻŵӶѣҼһܹУŵҲֻǧˣ
ÿܹеģʮ֮һûУ
ЩŵӵĶʲôЩһҪŵӵˣ
Ҳ˵ˣЩ˺ЩȼΪŵٳΪŵӵЩ˲ͬЩǱųΪӵӶģһͿԳΪڵĵˣ
Ȼŵ֮УҲŵȣĶЩӵӣʲôӵӣϣΪ洫ӣʮֻһ洫Ҳ˲õģ
Щ۶˳ƷУĿɨ֮УһǿϢݷУ඼ǷǸ󣬿ǳ
ʵϣҲǳҪ֪ǷǳķԴģƷһ֮еزģǾ޽еģ˵ûһǿɽеز
ȻҪ˵ǿĿɽͥʮš
ҼʮžǼͥķʽÿ궼дʮŵĵӼͥΪĻʳ¡
ǬԪеٮٮߣ
𵤾ҲֻŵӵĻôƷƲ⣬ŵҲ龳ϵˮƽ龳϶ҪΪӵӣ龳֮еٮٮߡ
ƷĿɨȻķ֣Ȼз˻ʷӰʷҲЩǰμӷ֮еˡ
ЩȻ֪ʷ㱳ʲôȻѡǰμӷڵĿˡ
һǰȣʷǿʵҲ˷츲صı仯һǰǳ龳ѣڵ龳ڵĳ̶ȣĽʮ־ˡ
ȵʱǿ˺ü
ƷĽȴǲֵһˣ
أʱƯڰ֮еĴ֮УֱӷӰÿһӰһݹ⣬Щȫ龳ϵĸ֣һסֳʮǰ˵ĸָ֡
Ͼ֮еٮٮҲֻ龳ѣЩݹ֮ϵӰÿһ龳ϣ඼ٮٮߡ
ڳֻһѾͬ龳ĸֲ⣬еĻֱЩ֣֮еĻż
ЩڵĵÿһŰۣƮɣϵһ㡣
ʱЩڵĵ֮УһֱڶĿֱӿˡ
Ŀɨ˹ȥ˵Щ𵤾ˣ龳ָҺӵĶࡣ
龳۷壡
ҾǳƷʷֲ龳۷壬ڵķȣҪϳƷˡ
ȻҲǳƷô룬һˣǿ龳۷壬Ʒǽ𵤾ѣƷܱȵĹ龳۷ĸ֣ⱾѾ漣ˡ
ڹȻ˵ãһŵеͷʵ˵ãҲ֪Щŵ֮еľӢӣ洫Ǻεȷ⣡Ʒ棬Ҳη壬֮ӡ
û뵽Ȼܹ񣡡
˵ӵݡ
˵һǰǰĥôû뵽ôֻˣʵȷʵ̫ˣֻ벽ܹ龳˰ɣ
ǲ֪ҵ˵һЩ飬һţϱǷڵĵӣǷڵĵӣЩ߲ͬ˵ǰſ龳Ϳ龳۷壬ǰ;˵ҲΪӵδΪ洫Ҳδ֪
Щϻˣʵֹǲſ龳۷壬ʵѾ龳ˣһ龳ħͷֻϺ󣬱ˣΪδأ
Χ˶ʱһⷽδѾ龳۷壬ָƣǵǺεơ
ƷɵΪ֮Ŀˣ
˶龳ĸֻ֣ҲǿԱˣⷽʵȷʵ˲á
ڿ˿ʼ𵤾վߣŵӵĿˣֻǧˣ龳վұߣޣֻҪ꼴ɣ
ʱ򣬷񿪿ˡ
ƷԵ˵ͷڽ𵤾գӦһƵģֻеǿߣ츳һ֡


1642 һо͹
Ƕ龳֣ӦþǲˣϾܹﵽ龳Ѿ˵츳ˣÿһ𵤾ĸ֣ܹ龳ġ
Щ֮ǰ׽֮ŰĴĻʳĸ֣ȻƷͬһһһʵϣǶǸС֮еٮٮߣ츳龳
ܿ죬˾ͰշĻֳߣȻǵǰ׷׳һһĹţ֪Ҫ˾͵ýС
ǽ𵤾ĸ֣ǽ˴˿֣һʮ򣬵ܹڵĲֻǧ˶ѡ
ȵһյӵʱ֮д󲿷ѾˣһҲ̫ߵĳɾͣڸһۡ
ȻѾѰľţǷҪ֮еţѰŸ
ܿ죬˷׷Ծ롣
ֵƷʱûжˣʱ˶Ѿ˹֮УֻʣһƷԵùģʮͻأ
Ϊʲôȥˣʱ񿪿ʵ
ҪŵӵĿˣƷֱӿ˵
ƾ㣿ʱ򣬷֮һӹЦ㲻ǽ𵤾۷ΪҲŵӵĿˣΪ𵤾۷龳ֻһô
ѵרŵķ涨𵤾׼μŵӵĿôƷ˵
ǸڵĵӶʱסˣЩ߳ŭʱǳһСӣȷʵûй涨𵤾ֻܲμŵӵĿˣ׽𵤾龳Ĳ࣬־׹İ׳գûʸμӿˣ
ʱڵӵֱͷ˳ɲǼ䣬ֱͬ籩һ㳯ųƷѹȥ
ƷƵѹ֮һҶһ㣬ʱܱ㸲һͬһ齸ʯƾ紵˿
£ǷҲɵΪ֮ݣ֮˼ɫ漴һע˷֮󣬺ܿ죬ǰͳһĻĻϼŵǳƷϡ
ƷݣʦƼˣ˳ʱҲмȻ
Ƿ񣬾ЩڵĵӣҲһʮȻĿųƷΪǶǵãӦȥոձĻʳһݡ
о˵ϲأѾв֪ûˣ𵤾ĸǱ߶ѾǾ֣ᵤԳ֮Ϊĸ֡
ǿȻһЦֱЦ
ҲΪ֪ǲЩȻôǸĵȻôһ𵤾۷ߡ
Ȼ˵ֵһᣬ֮УҲѵõ˲ˡ
ԭ֮еӣ֮ǰƷķڵӴʱǷſ˳Ǹĵط̫ˣΪǷҲأ
һ۳Ʒ֮˵ȻʦƼˣһᣬɣ޲ƽʸУֹܼУҾμŵӵĿˣ
Уһо͹ˣ
ǸڵĵЦһ֮ĹâѾҪһúóԳԿͷˣȻʦķϲɱֱӷ书ǿԵġ
һо͹ˣƷҲǵ˵ȫûн޲ƽ
أʱ޲ƽͻȻˣһɲǼ䣬ֱһɨ˳
޲ƽ·ˣ
ɣ
һеʱģ̮ҲھҵɽХ֮ơ
޲ƽҲ̫ˣԸһ𵤾Ȼɣ
һĶôأһƲãͰ˸Ūˣǿô죡
ϾҲʦƼ˲أ
ЩڵĵӿһĻ˵ŲãȴмϷŰ飬ǵƷ·ǲ֪ߵغĺһЦ
һһʱ򣬳ƷֱӶˣһ
ʱΧЮ֮γһƷֱӳֽһԾϣӭһϡ
һҲ뿹ңô
޲ƽƷֱץһ۶ɵͳʱЦһ˵
أ
˫ײһγ˿µײ
֮ǰϷʵЩڵĵӳԾĿ˾˵һĻƷһ޲ƽնĽն˿Ȼ񲻿ɵ֮ƣֱӺ䵽޲ƽϡ
أ
޲ƽֱһҽУ˲䵹˳ȥؿڱֱնһ޴ޱȵȱڣѪɡ


1643 ŵӿ
ʱֳһƬһļž˶û뵽սȻ
ƷѸײڶ֮һоش޲ƽ
Ȼˣ
ǼʶķڵĵӣʱҲ㵵飬֪Ʒǵж
֮ǰ˫˵ҪһнԷڿ޲ƽĻȫһЦ
ǳƷȴȻԼ˵飡
Ȼһоն޲ƽ
ٿ޲ƽֱӱһش۵ĲϺУ
ôһ𵤾ܹ׵شһ鵤
ʱ˶˶ԳƷ֮ģϾҲˣƷȷʵǿûɽƷ֮ǰô˵Ϊ֪ߵغ񣬶ȷʵӵǿƵʵ
Ҫɱ㣡
޲ƽֱӴ֮ץһ˵ĵҩȻ˿֮Уʱ۵Ļ鴤ЩҩЧǳã̶ʱ䣬ѾָĲˡ
޲ƽŭţ˫Ŀͨ죬޲ýƷǧˣƷ˵ǰô
ɱͷ֮ޣ
ס֣ѵ㶪ûôֱһ˵˼Ѿˣȴ֪ȥͲҪˣ
˵Ŵһ޲ƽ˾ͻһⱻ˲˳ȥʧ˷ڵ
Ʒԭһֱûбɫʱ¶˼־ɫЩ֮Ȼȫȫռλã˵־Ͷ֣Υ档
ȻѾ֤ԼʵѾȷʵ߱ʸμŵӵĿˣμŵӵĿˣŵӵĿ˾Ͳŵӿô򵥣ʱ˿ɾͺڶˣֱ˵
ƷлʦֳȫѾ׼ˣ
ȻˣͽȥɣһǰĹĻڳƷǰһţƷһԾ˹֮С
ʦ֣ôμӿˣһڵĵӲĵʵ
μΣĿΪôٳϣ̫ϳ϶ڶţʲô磬𵤾龳սֻǶҪǶǲͱѣ񵭵˵ЩϺ̫ϳǶ̫˽ˣЩһЩˣҳӡ
һԽ𵤾ܹش龳ţôܲעղԾ͸окüɨ˹֪Ѿλεľˡ
ʦƼˣǲμӿˣʦ˭𣿡Ŀɨˣ˶ʱ׷¶ڨڨ֮ɫ
Ҳ֪Լֻŵӣ洫ӸһϵĴڡ
ƼҲʲôֽš
ܸо˵ͷðһͷ
Ʒ˹֮󣬲ŷ֣ȫһ֮УһСλ棬ѾдƯ֮ˡ
Щ˵ĿⶼûתΪǵĿⶼǰһ°ɫ۵ӵϡ
ǸɨһۺĳƷֲ֮ɫ
λǶĻʳſѡǷڣҫδȻǷΪ٣
˵
ڵƴӦöٶ˽⣬ķң˵Щаħн뷨˳Σ֮ҲǹҪ֮ŵʱ򣡡Ӽ˵ǵļ壬ţڣȻΪҷʵǿ󣬲ζңҷΡȻڳ͢Ҳʼģѡ˲ţǬԪǶ˵ɣһһĴڣԲһֻҪ㹻ģ㹻ڿṩ̨δҲûпܣ
ӵĻҲûɫжٶݣȻڴ֮ǰǶٶѾ˽ˡ
˵һѡεĹ򣬰ҷڵĹλףͬʱʵ츳֮ˣѾҷڵ˵ˣλӦòҪҷô򵥰ɣɨһ֮󣬼˵žĹ򣬴ӦöѾж˽ˣڶѾҷڵŵӣ֮УֻʮܹΪǷڵӵӣΪǷڵӵӣʲôôҶ˵ʲôˣӦҲǳģ
ԽҵķϻҲͲ˵ˣʼɣ׽ɱǰʮҷڵӵӣ
ֱ˵


1644 һɱ
ӵĻ䣬˵ǰٶȳһţҲԥֱӾͳ˽ȥ
ƷҲ⣬ֱӽ˹š
ʱƷͳһ̨֮ϣȻһ̨һС͵Ŀռͽ硣
СλļĿǰ޷ĸ߿Ƽ
ƷҲɵ棡
ܿ죬ǰһǰѾһӰ
һµ꣬ɫأ漴Ϳ˳Ʒ
ɵùЦҲҾȻһ𵤾һˣ
Ϸ˿ȻҲһ龳ĸ֣һһ龳ڵĸ֣Щǰμӿ˵֮УҲ㲻ˡ
˵ţǺһ˲ѾֱӳˣǷڷӿһ֣һڳУϢͬؼһoһɲǼֱӳųƷ˹ȥ
ʱĿռ֮УһȺ֮еŵӶڿһսȻֶܹսЩѾȦ˵ѡ֮⣬ĿĴžǸղǸһǵĽ𵤾ˡ
ԭһʵȻ˵ã˵õϹһҵĴУһΪҲ൱ģ
ֱӿ˵ϵǸ꣬ȻΪƷ鷳ˡ
ɫ䣬֮ҲǱȱȽǣⲢʲô˲õģ֪ǣƷܲӦ
ǷʱҲĿת˹ȻԴҲȤġ
̨֮ϣһնʱâŨһһµɱУֱӳųƷն
һĵ⼸̨ˣ
С
ƷЦһֱһֱ֣ӳһ۶ɵı
ֻ߽ǴʱֻݻһڱѣųƷһڱֱ͵һɨ˳ȥһľȣһڱƽƽֻһӶѣֱӾͽ˺˿
أ
â˺ѿ˵֮˲䵽ϡ
ۣ
һѪ˳ȫ¶ڲؿڱֱӺһ޴ޱȵȱڣѪɡ
˲ͲҰܣ
СƾʵҲСңƷЦһ̯ƣһڱһԼĪһָСϷת
漴һգѾɢС
ƷһǶ˵ⲻֻǵжѣ
Ʒɲ⣬ǽ𵤾ô
ģֻǽ𵤾ѣҵĸ֪ģ⵽ôģ
һѾ龳ڵһжֵס
̫ˣ绪ѹʦ㶼ҪƼˣ
̨֮ϣƷ˺ܿͱ˳ȥ
Ʒڰ֮УʱѾһЩսѾ˳УһƷȻʤˣһսȻˣʱ׷Ȼ
ܿ죬Ϣ֮ͨ˾ʹӷЩŵ֮еõϢƷһͻ
ʱӽƷУһĸ󻼡
ȴûзϣץʱָ
ƷνΪƬ֮䣬ղһľѾָ˹
߽Ȼʮ˵ã
ΪƷ˵ֶһŵƣֶθӶ䣬Լս
ܿ죬еսѾֳʤˣЩ֮սνǺһֻȥģʱھͷֳʤ
ֽ棬ֻһ˲ѣ
ܿ죬Ѿֵ˵ڶˡ
Ʒ˹֮󣬺ܿ죬Ķ־ѾˣһԼĪʮģ꣬ͦΣһָ߸ϵƣȻҲһմȨ֮ˡ
˻ǸǷƼҵļƻ԰ɣ˵Ƽļˣ
ܿ죬ϳݣһΣųƷ֮ǰɱ˵ҲԽԽˡ
ƻԿһǰĳƷ˵Ҹղų˽һϣû뵽ǸĵطģȻͥЩݿûнйƣһͬʣǵʵ˵ܹߵڣѾ˲ˣҲܹߵˣ
ҸһһսĻᣬֱͶɣȻҳ֣ϣҿҪӵӵģҵǰûʤ㣡
ƻ˵߸ϣƷ֮Уżֿϧ顣
δûм־ޣҲֻˣƷעֻɾӵӵĵʯѵġ
ôţƷһĨЦ


1645 ƻ
ⲻţ̫ˣǱһԳ֮Ϊ֣ǿЦƻԹЦȻûнƷ
ӣƺ׼Ͷˣ
ΪʲôҪͶͶӦ㣡
Ʒƻԣֱ˵˵
·㲻ߣ㴳㻹ΪĻʳô֮ܣ
ƻ漴֮дżϷʵ飬ȻǽƷһһ
ƻԣƷǵ˴ùˣ
ƻԿǷƼҵĵܵϼȻƾʵ֮ǰƷƻֻҲһе
ƻȻѾȦ˵Ǽӵ֮һҲǷǳǰеģʸӵӵģ
ʱѾΪ˶ֿˡ
û뵽ƷȻǳݣǳˮ֮гˣ
ܹߵһȷʵˣ
û˿óƷǿƻԽѾǰ϶ˣЩѾΪŵӵķڵĵӣҲиԵı㡣
ڱǶ߸ϣǵһҲ˷֮󣬱˴˾ͬһˣǸʱ֮Ǿˡ
ѾڿҪζԿƻˡ
ܹ벻ĴҲǷ񣬷ΪԶˣ˵Щ˻Զв
ѡ񿴳ƷҲֻΪе˼ѡ
̨֮ϣƻԵƺҲƷĥɾˣʱһֹֻˣ
ƻ˵Ŀɨһ֮ϣڿЩڵĵӣպǶʦֵܣ˵˴ʦֵܣǾ֣ҪЩ˿ʵ
ڷ֮Уûʵ˸һλûУھҪչԼʵ
ʱƻһɲǼ䣬һȭ˳ȥ
ȭ
һȭʱؼ˳·һƬƺһƬƺ룬ƻԴϣס
Щɵһƿûʲô˶֪µľУÿһƶһµȭܹһС
ҲǷƼҵĸǴѧ
һ˲䣬̨ռضһ
ЩֱӽƷУɲǼ䣬һҵĺƻһ˲ȭĹϵ
ƻԵʵ֮ǰҪǿһϣѾ龳۷Ĵڣ龳۷Ҳֻһ֮ңѡ
ѹҪӵӵĵλˣڵΪڷĿ֮УҲûгΪӵӵġ
ƷˣЩͲֱӲõİ취Ƕ㿪ûж㿪군ˣ
˶ΪƷѾ군˵ʱȴһ׵Ľâռ˲˺ѿƣɲǼ䣬Ѿֱ˺һУƻԵķնȥ
ô
ƻû뵽ڱ֮УƷȻܹһâ˲ıë·˼Σһ㡣
һӾͽ˫ֻǰһâһ˲ֱ
أ
ƻԶʱһҽУ˵˳ȥ˫ѾһƬѪģֱһնˡ
Ǻܿ죬˷֣һƬѪģĲƻԵ˫֣Ӵؿڣ֪ʲôʱѾɨֱնһ󶴡
ƻԲҽæ֮ץõĵҩҪˣǳƷôܸᣬ֪ʲôʱ򣬾Ѿֱһ˳ȥ
һֱ߳ӺƻԵĺ󱳣ƻһҽУ˷ɳ̨ȫãȫĹͷƷ߳ˡ
ǿ
һĻЩǰμӿ˵ĸŵӣǷ֮еĵҲĿɿڴ
ͷβƷֻУһнƻشһгƻʧȥս
ʵӵӣҲûϣɣ
𾪵˵
ӵӣܹһҲ࣡
ʲôʣѹһɣ
˷׷𾪣ЩڵĵӴʱҲ˳ƷƷв֮Уԭһп޵Сѡ
ôģĵط֮УôǿΪ
ѵ츳ɣƷ̫ˣ޷жϳǲʲôʲôǿģ
Ҫ˵ʣһαĵ֮вҲһôʱ˵ܹϣƷĻ


1646 Ʒӣ
赭дĻһ֣֮ǰѾȦ˵ӵӵϣǷʲôˡ
ܹΪڵӵӣȻǸѹͬʵƷԤѡ˵ֻǽ𵤾ˡ
δйһ𵤾ȻԻ龳ڵĸ֡
ֱ߸ۣСͱ龳֮Ĳ޷Խˡ
ǽ𵤾ѾǿˣҪǿ龳Ǹжǿƣ
Ҫ龳ôףǷΪʲôҪΪŵӣΪܶ𵤾һӶûа취龳
֪ţڽ𵤾ֵ;Ǿǿ粻龳һż
۷׷ףкܶ˶ԳƷмһˣҲԸϳƷǿ
˵ǰǱ׽ͳεģ׽ڵҲһɣһ㴫Ҳܹ֮е˾˵ĵزҹƺ׽ڵĴкܴĹϵ
۷׷ףƷƻԶѾͳ̨λ档
Ʒ鵭Ȼ·ղŻƻԱʲôѰһ㡣
ڻƻ֮󣬳Ʒֱ˼ս⼸սʣ˸ǰۿ
ƷҲûʧЩ龳ڵ龳ڲȵĶ֣Ʒͳͳһɱ
˶ֻоƷʩչ߽ȷʵ˵ãǶڳƷʵȴ˽⣬ʲôֶΣ˽⡣
Ķ΢һ¶ҲúܶЩʧ
ܿ죬ѾһˣֻҪܹһ֣ʣǿԳΪڵŵеӵӡ
ӣ˵鶼Щ̭Ҳˡ
ʱϻʣµҲֻǶʮ˶ѡ
ʮ֮Уÿһ϶žϢΪǿᣬ֮ͬУѷֵġ
˳Ʒ֮⣬˶龳۷弶Ĵڡ
˼ֵɱʵЩѾ̭ˣߵһ
Щ龳۷֮УʣƷΪرǸΪǵ龳۷壬𵤾ǡ
Ҳ˵ע⣬˶ѡۿһս
ʮһпʱ˶оһ׷ɨ˳ʮˣҲ˴֮䣬໥ע
Ϊû֪һĶ˭˭пܳΪһĶ֡
ƷҲɨһȦЩ֮Уܿһ˾͸ĸ֪֮С
һɫĳۣӢͦüбޣΪӢ䣬ֻǾĴóƷһ֣ɲĸо·վĲһˣһŷ籩
ǵģ˸Ʒĸоͺһŷ籩һ
ҲΨһһܹƷע֮ˣ
ڳƷ˵ʱҲڴųƷôһ𵤾ܹľ˶ʮֵȻƷǿʵ̫ˣ֮ǰ϶ûʲô̫ǿĶ֣ܹóƷߵ
ͺˣ
ͷɵðͷǵȻóƷжôѲǿƷܵЩˣ϶Լʵãǲͬ
˶ǾУЩ֮УƷģ۸ġ
棬һֵıԣ֮ʤˣͻΪǷŵ֮еӵӣ
֮ǰһֱ̨Ǹֱӿ˵˵ţĿ⿴ˣһǿǸƷɵЩע꣬һȻԽ𵤾ɱĳƷ
Ǹ⣬ʵڷصע֮ˣ׵ʱ򣬷ڰͰüˡ
ҲǸͨеȻյʵ׼ģǶںܶǱĵӣҲڳ֮ûþͿʼע෽һӣڴĻʳ֮Ƿǳ顣
еٮٮߣûֿ˵ʱѾյ˺üϵرҪע˵ĳɳ
ĻǳƷƷܹμŵӵѡξѾܲˣѾһƥˣڿƷֹǴ
ʼɣ
Ҳûж˵ʲôǾֱ˵ǰ˴͹š
ӵӵܾѡչ
Ʒη壬ֱһУʱͳ̨֮ϡ
ǰŵĹһĽ˶Ѿ̨֮ϣ˳Ʒʱϲɵ¶˼ϲɫ
֮ǰ͹ע˳ƷҲϣԼܹ鵽Ʒû뵽Ըĳ鵽˺ͳƷĶԾ


1647 Ϊӵ
̫ˣĽ˶ϷʵһЦ˵εӵӣˣ
ھôţ᲻е̫ˣ
Ʒ˵
ôĽ˶Ц˵εӵ־ڱصãͬҶο㣡
ʱѾֿˣгƷô𵤾ߵĴڣ˵дĿⶼƷս˹
˶ڿƷܹߵһ
ǷڵЩӣǲûм龳ڣ龳ڳΪӵӵ鲢ټ˵пɼ
ǲô˵Ҳ龳
ǳƷȴֻͬһ𵤾ѣ
ܹΪӵӣô˵ǿǰδе漣
һ֮궼ܲٿڶε漣
Ʒ鷳ˣҪֹʮǿˣ
Ѧΰɲһ˵飬ѦһǷڲ׽ѦΰͬСʱͱǷڵһȣ־Ҫڣ
ѾǸڶΪˣͿʸˣǾΪ˵һˣϾһӺӵ£
۷׷ףЩǶİ˵ǾİֻһƷ
СڴĻʳЩţڱ˴˶İһǶΪ˴˵ľ֣һѼ˸Եϡ
ΨһǸоޱİģǾǴĳƷ
鱨еä㣬˵ǱҲûгĳƷˣΪ˶ѣ˭룬Ʒһ֮ĺ
֮ǰ˾óƷãǵһû˻پˡ
Ϊߵһûܹƾߵز
Ƕ̭ˣƷȴߵһ˭˭ѾһĿȻˡ
ڳƷܷߵһûʲô˿á
ϾԵѦΰʷǿĶ֡
ߵһģûһ֣ÿһǿ
Ѧΰڶһϵĵӣ
ЩɣպѦΰ˳ƷòʲôĻɡ
ϾƷЩ֮пģ۸Ǹ
磬죡ѦΰЦߵˣĺҲ͵Ϊֹˣ
һн㣬˷ʱ䣡
ѦΰЦһɲǼֱӳˣһ˸֮Ѿ˳Ʒǰֱһն
һâΪȻʮңȴΪֲһɽ嶼ᱻһն
ǽ۵һֿµĵزı֣һܹġ
һнң̫ˣ
ƷЦһһֱֻצȻһץȥ
أ
һƷһץ˸飬·Ĺâɢһ
ţƷһצֱץѦΰ
ѦΰҲû뵽ԼĹƾȻƷô򵥵ľ͸Ƴˡ
ɲǼ䣬ȫĵ·һףС
Ǽһ˲䣬ͱƷץķ飬ȻֱӺ䵽Ѧΰϡ
أ
ѦΰֱһצУֱǱһצ˳ȥ
ۣ
ѦΰһѪ˳ؿֱӱƷץѪģ
Ʒһצֱǿֲ̫޵һץһ
𣡡
Ѧΰһŭŭ˻ȴֻƷһѾϷ
Ѧΰһ͵ؼ̤ȥ
ɲǼ䣬֮ϷĻȪˮ֮ƣݺݵ䵽Ѧΰϡ
䣡
Ѧΰ˱һӺݺݼ̨̤֮УΧȫѡ
Ѧΰܣ
ʱһ˲Ȼˣһļž
ôô죬ѦΰôͰˣ
ѦΰȻսˣֱ˼飡
ֱ˼飬ղſѦΰЩˣһл֣ܹܶϳеĶûУھȻһӱƷˣ
ǿǿְ̫ǿˣһһײУһһ£
Щǰ˵ĸǷ׷ǵĻͲѦΰĶ֣ȻޱǿѦΰԳƷʱ򣬸Ƕ֣Ƭ֮䣬ͱˡ
˶ܹóѦΰǳƷĶ֣ƷʵʵƳ
Ʒʵʵжǿֱ£
𵤾龳۷壬Ҳţ
ӣǸϵƿʧˣ
Ŀ⾼·ҪƷ׵׵ĸһ㡣


1648 
˶뽫Ʒһ㣬û֪ƷʵǶʵȻǳƷʵ
ƷʵԲֻ˶ѣ
ǾǣѦΰʵ޷ƷʵʵƳ
ҲаԴ⣬Ʒʵʵʲôز
Īս龳ɣ˱һ²⣬ΪˣڳƷĵˣ²Ȼ޷ܣ˼֮¡
Ӧûδﵽս
ʱ񿪿˵
Ҳŷ׷׵˵ͷеһȻŷжϣϾ֮УΨзǿ龳
ˣԽ𵤾ΪӵӵģҲֻһˣ
˲ɵøпƷûдﵽǲ²ĸ߶ȣҲѾǴ¼ˡ
ս̨֮߳ĳƷʱоΧ˿һӱˣ֮ǰǰмһˣֻһֻõĺѡ
֣ϲϲ
ʱȺ֮Уʷڶǰ˵
֮Ҳֲ˼飬ΪӣȻһǰƷǿս͸ӡ
ҲȻûһθӡ̡
ȻҲΪһţǸҲûӵӣڷȻ֮УŸͲֵǮһץطеš
ҪΪŵӾѾǳˣҪΪеӵӡ
ȷˣѡ£ƷǶԵģɷҪҳƷ鷳ȴƷɱ
ͬʱҲΪƷһʶԽкãƷ֮ɱ¾˺ܶĻʳ֣Щ˶ûиŵĴڣңЩ׷Ź顣
ʱڲͬˣƷѾǷڵӵӣǼҲұҲǰֽŰˡ
ͬϲͬϲպͬˣ
ƷЦ˵Ҳǧ֮⡣
ֹһʱ䣬ʣµսҲ׷ᣬһο˵ӵҲѡ˳
УȻгƷرעǸꡣ
ǸƺҲӦ˳ƷĿ⣬Ҳת˹һ۳Ʒ
λһεŵӵĿѾڽˣһһεӵӵԶ־Զ壬£ǷǣᱦأƷ
Ǹֿ˵ٶȳ֣˶еЩ˶֣ȻĻһƷ
һ𵤾ȥǰ޹ˣҲߵľ˳ɾͣ
Ҳɵö࿴˼۳Ʒ
ƷҲ֪Ǹомּɵ֣Զ
ʣµˣҲԶλҷڵŵӣŵӴȥԷõס⻹Ÿ£ԺϣǶܹΪЧΪĻʳЧδķΪ٣˵꣬תȥ
ܿ죬һƬռ֮Уӿ°ɫ۵Ľ𵤾ߡ
ЩǷڵŵӣʱ׷׸Щŵŵӵǰ
ƷǰҲһ°ɫۣĸȣŮӣųƷ˵ʦ֣ŵŵӣҽ
Ʒ˵ͷȻűŵӣȻʦƺ
ȥɣƷ˵ͷ
õģʦ֣
ʱ˵ͷ̤һݹ⣬ֱӳһƬ˵Ŀռ䣬ŷڲȥΧҲһݹӹҲˡ
ҪҪͣһ³Ʒʱȴ֣֪ʲôʱ򣬳ƷѾϢ
ƷĿɨ˷ڸʱŵӵĿҲѾɣǵĴûôˣЩŵӶרǶһȺһȺı
СĿһ۳Ʒ֮Ҳֲ˼飬ڳƷԽ𵤾Ϊӵӵʱ򣬲Щ˵ĸţҲЩڵŵӡ
ЩȺŵҲը˹ˡ
ڵŵҲǽ𵤾Ϊͬǽ𵤾ƷȴӵӣֻѰŵӡ
Ҳɵ֮кܶпôͬˣôôء
ʲôлôƷĿ⣬¶˼ЦЦ顣
ûУûУ
æ˵æջĿ⣬ڷ֮µȼɭϣŵӺӵ̫ԶˣƷɱˣҲеС鷳ѡ


1649 ָ
ʦ֣Ҹһ°ɣǷڴŷֳɶĸбţ̫ϳϣǵľסУչصĵطǷ֮һЩۣж츣أڱҿƷæڶǸ洫Ǿס֮أǷڵĹ涨ŵĸסһԺӣŵһסһԺӣ洫ǣÿһԼסһɽ壬ڶ֮У洫֮⣬һЩǵõ洫ĿԾסǱߵɽ֮ϵŵӣ
ƷԵ˵ͷڵĺģҲȨԴ֮УӦþڸ߸ϵ洫ǵľ֮⣬ӦûʹӣΪĸŵӡ
ֻͨƬƷҲѲ²Щ洫һھӪԼĵ̣ūͣŵŵӣٲȻһСӡ
Դ˷ҲܣȻҲΪ֮ϾδִƷڴȨ֮ˣǱˣЩ洫ӡ
Ȼֻһǳ֮⣬иţϣ̫ϳϵЩλȨ֮ҲǴЩ洫֮ѡγġ
ǹЩԣΪ˽ִ֡
ƷҲ¾ۣЩַϤĺܣ˵еʵļ䣬ڵʵļ֮УڳŴʱڣҲձ顣
ƷӦҲڶԼĵ̣Ͼ洫ӺŵӼֱȫͬĴڡ
洫ѾǷĻʳͳν׼ŵҲֻѰѡ
Ǿס֮أΧЩŵӵľסأŵλʦڲ֮⻹ҪһЩмһЩΪҷڷͨˣ
Ʒԣ˵ͷһоˣصأסҵȵȣ滮
ҲȸСȫٲȻһС͹ȵӡ
ܿ죬Ĵ֮£ƷѾ˷ڵһɽ֮ϡ
ɽһʯдţ¼֡
ʦ֣ŵλʦ֣϶ǰ¼֮УʦֵլԺҲ˵
Ʒڸ߿֮зȥȻ˵ɽѣʵϷȥһ͵ɽͥԺ£ͬǵһɢɽĸ
ҪٸŵӣǴ´ˣ
ƷһլԺ֮ǰ˶ݹ⡣
һľլԺȻ󣬵ҲһĿռ䣬̨ͤ¥󣬼ɽˮһӦȫ
ɵ¶˼ĽɫȻҪʮʮԺҲУǷڣĵط
ƷլԺ֮̾͸оŨ˺ܶ࣬ĻʳѾǳŨˣҪǱߵһࡣ
լԺ֮еȻҪŨɣƷܹоΧоһ̲ͣת
ĵطֱֵǣ֪˻򣬱ϾĵطУֱ°빦
漴֮óһ۷ǷڵĵۣΪַۣøּΪĲƶɵģ֮󣬲Ѱﲻ֣룬һмķЧǽ𵤾ĸȫ֣Ҳƻ֮⴩Ϸ֮ڵķʱضתܹһϵЧʣ
ƷҲЩȻֶƷǺܿأķ˵ǽ𵤾ˣ龳Ҳ
ܹһϵЧʾͺܾˣСһɣʱ»ʮֿɹˡ
˵ţҲЩĽΪȻҲǷۣƷĲԶˣܱȡ
֮⣬һöҩΪɵֵҩǷڵز򶼸򲻵أ˵ǾܣһҲֻʹ͸洫ӣһŵҲֻгΪӵӵʱ򣬻´ͣпֵܷһö
óһҩƿݸ˳Ʒ֮Ľȴ̰ЩһŵӣмԴô
ƷƿʱһҩֻоԼÿһë׶˿
ȻǺõҩƷ˵ͷ
Щ֮⣬Щ鼮һЩǼҷڵһЩѧλʦֶԼԵҲһҪѧϰоһЩĻʳһЩţĵ鶼У
һЩ鱾Ҳӿռ֮˳
¾ЩˣʦûʲôԸĻҾͻȥˣ
ţȥɣƷ˰˵


1650 ͻƣ龳
Ʒ˷ۣʱоڵķתҲ˺ֻܶ࣬һܣ۾Ѿʮ˵ˡ
ݣֻһ۾Ͳ֪Ҫ˵ɱЩߣеǸ̶ȣνǽȻЩܹٶȵıˡ
ɴ˿ɼڵĵȷʵǿ
֮⣬ƷַһЩ鼮ЩؼƷҲֻǿ˼ۣҲûʲôȤȥѧȻ翴ЩڵѾǲɶõˡ
ͳƷеķűֱر
ڷڸ߲㼸ҲѾǵ˺ܶڵӻ϶ǴͶʦЩţÿһԼ򵥡
ǿתзڵЩֲڵĹǵòʧ
Ҳǿ
ƷҲֻ㷭һ£Щؼ֮ϣһС˻ϰѧ
ȻûּأֻǿһۣдϢӿԼԺ֮С
ЩؼҲһͬѰ
Ҫ¼ֱ֣Ծ񴫵ݵ˵Ĵ֮УƷҲɵ档
ЩĿǰĳƷ˵̫ˣֻǿһۣԺйһ飬ѾͨͨѧˣǳƷԺ֮еڲϵɢâɲǼ䣬ƷѾЩ书ͨͨѧᣬֻҪԸ⣬ʱضԲľ硣
ܿ죬ƷЩؼ˼ŴĻʳĵ鴫˵񻰵Ǳ鼮
ֵֻǡ硷
ƷȻеʵļ䣬ǵʼ֮ǶǺܾúܾǰʱˣڵĺܶҲ˽⡣
һ硷ǽȼü֮
ڵĵڷ棬Ȿ翴ֻѰ鼮ĺȣصȴͬǳһ嫣ķŷӡС
ԳƷĹĿҲ㿴һһҹڽһ硷ͳͳˡ
ͬʱҲĻʳһſ
Ȿ硷֮󣬳Ʒ;չأͷһöɵһ龳֮С
Ʒ˾õ֮󣬻ֱӽɽͼĿռ֮УֻƷܹоİȫ
ڰ֮У̷һöɵ֮󣬳Ʒʱֻоһɹǿڳϵϴˢ֫ٺһɸǿֱӳĴ֮С
Ҳ龳ͽ𵤾Ĳͬĵط
˵龳ʵô龳֮Ͼ飬龳֮ߴĶɸķ
ǵ龳ͬѾ˶ڷ
УǲϿԣ˼ܹ֪Щԭܱ֪ķ
ڴ֮һأͨϣ
ִͨһԿף
ǻὫѧĳ֮Ϊˡ
ڳƷ֮УͨϱѰ˵ĶҪǿ̫ˣԽǿ֮ˣͻҲԽѡ
Ʒڽ𵤾ֻ龳۷壬ǵУ
һǰδУǰ޹ˣߵĵ·
Ʒϵķһһĳͨϣ
ǳƷޱȵСģڽ𵤾ͻƵʱҪ֪С϶ٱ
Ϊ𵤾󲿷ֶ֫ٺˣֻҪʱ䣬ͿԻָ
ǴԲͬǼ㵽˳ƷΪȻһ硣
Ʒǰûôԣ֮ޱǿʢĴĻʳǿƼڴоǳԡ
ڳƷҪԼǰ˵ľ龪Уʼ֮жмأųƷϵΪҲϵķӿΪá
ƷֻҪͰмɣ
֮УƷҲ󺹣ҵʹҪ鴤
һضͨ𵤾˵ֱǾһ
ҲΪʲôŵӿľ龳֣ΪЩּ츳Ľ𵤾ܹտ龳֮һûС
һΪҵı
ʱ򣬳ƷԺ֮񲻶ϵɢһĹâס˳Ʒȫһȫ
ס˳Ʒ̲סҪ
һͿǰֲͷſƷԼĴԶܱը顣
Ǿˣ
Ҳ֪ȥ˶ãƷȫǴˮݳһʺˮͬˮһ㲻¡
ǳƷȴû˿ı仯
״̬ʮֹ죬ʹܣȴ·˿ʹַѵ״̬һ㡣
Ƿǳһ״̬
أƷȻһ۾˫֮б⣬ֱأȫϢڱѹ˳ʱ֮ͻȻһȫˡ
Ʒڿ龳


1651 ͻ˵ɱɱ
һ龳˶ȫͬ
ƷܹоƺΧĻ˷츲صı仯
ʱһʲôпɽɽˮˮ
ھʹһ֮У
ܹ׾ٵĸоرжô
ǻһȥ磡
ܹһЩǰ֪Ķ
֮ԣ
ӿı浽ıʣ
ֻƷܹоԼʵһ츲صı仯ܹƿصǿˣʵֱԭĻϷ˺ü
սֱӳ˿龳У
Ʒڳأһʱ䣬㻨˴²ͻơ
Ȼֻ¾ܹﵽЧҲ㹻׵ˣ
ɵȷʵ˵ã
ϧڵĵλҲֻܵõһöˣ
ʵͻ֮󣬳Ʒֱӳأ鿴һլԺ֮оõĽ粢ûбͻƹŷ
һ°ɫۣƷֱӳţҪȥݷô˵ܹڻΪƼ
ȻˣûܳΪӵӣ϶ᱻֱųӵӵѡ֮⡣
ԳƷҪŵл
ݹ⣬Ʒܿʹ˹˶
֮լԺ֮ͬУһһɽ壬Щɽ·޾Уƣɼפһ㡣
ƷլԺ֮е־ɽɽΪ飬ЧҪϼʮͬһϵ󷨡
أԶһ
ȴԶһȺŸͷշӶ
ǿµսÿһƥͬѰһɶߣڻԾ֮ˣͬ죬һƥƥ
գ̤֮ϣʵ֮ϣٶȼ죬۵糸
ڴ֮ǰƷܻ֪֮ǰҹˡ硷֮󣬳ƷЩʶԵĶѾȻˡ
Ϊ˵ƥӽµĺѱ֮󣬷ܳ˼ΪӴȺĻʳڵı׼õսִ
һȺ֮ϵһȺˣͬ°ɫۣҲǷڵĵӡ
ÿÿ
Щ˺ֱײ˿٣·ҪƷײһ
ƷʱһЩս˿ҡ
Щʿֲ֮ͷȻת˻
ļһȻڶֱײҪˣ
ЩУһΪ֮˸߸ϣųƷ߰˵
Ʒ֮âЩ˻޷죬ۣͷҪֳƷֱײ
³ƷǰղżڣǰݻʦģƷסӣ˵
ʦ㣿֣Щ˷ǵûҪŹµ˼෴ģ˼ɫ
ԭʦˣѹ˲أʦûڵĹأǾڵĹذɣ
ʱǸΪ׵Цһ˵
ҷڵĹأƾЩƷﻹףЩ߲ƣֻºҲжԹЦһ˵
Ʒô˵ʱЩŭɫΪ׵ʿǴһϣɱʦֳͷ
Щ˶ʱ׷״һսųƷֱײ˹
ڳʱµĴϾȻֱӻûĻʮ˳ȻǧһĿֲơ
Ʒ֮֮ɫЩһһ裬ˣ˵ɱ˾ɱˣԥ
ƷȻҲϣӲ飬Ҳ
֪
ƷȻʱ̫ߵҲǻƱ
ֱһڶϲף˲ֱӼ˳ȥ
ͣ
ͣ
ͣ
â֮ɨɲǼѣЩ˷׷ײҽһͬƷĽֱӴϵ
ǵɴ۾ţƷĵӾȻ˸ҡ
ڳƷոսЩնɱʱأһŭ˹
ôĵӣ
һ޴ޱȵţһɿֲޱȵ˹һǵصϯ
һɿֲƣͬ籩һ㣬óƷһ˷ضųԼĸоҪһɿֲѹˡ
ţһӰֱֱ˳Ʒǰ
һͬ°׳۵ӣֻϵĳ֮ϣһЩԵŽߣΪ¡
һԼĪʮҵӣ䣬ۣΪ¡


1652 һ
Ŀ˳ƷѰ˿ֱ˶ɵҰޡ
ǳƷһ˲䣬ȫԸתĺëŵ
һԽ龳֮ϵĴڣ洫ӣ
Ƿڵһ洫ӣƷ͵һ洫ӣǶԷѾ۸ǰˣûѡ
Ʒ£Ҳ£¶Էһ洫ӣ
ǳƷĵҲ٣汬δûԷһɫƣ
תȴƷһȻӣûѰѾŵùǺˡ
ôĵӣ㾹Ȼڷɱˣһ龳ŵӣ浱ԼΪΪôųƷ
Ʒܹ֪ĵ߲ơ
ȫķʱ׼֣ȻǰӺǿ󣬵ҪóƷ־ܣǸܵ顣
ôĵӣҵǰ۷
ʱһߣ˲ͳˣֱһն
Ʒʱë˷·˼˵Σ֮У˲ֱԼǰһס
һ˲䣬ƷɢͱֱնˣȻֱϡ
أ
Ʒֱӱն˳ȥǰ˫϶һѪۡ
Ѫ罦
ţʱǸüͷ΢Ϊ֣ԼȻûһӻɱƷȻղȷʵֻһѰ龳ʵһסŶԣֱӻᱻһɱ
ƷȻֻ˫ܴ
Ʒ֮˸ĹâҪڵĳѪֱӱ꣬ٶֱӺеƴˡ
ģƷûʤ㣡
һҵ㶼Ҷҳ֣
أһԶ
ţӰԶֱ̤Ŷݹ
ֱ˳ƷǰֱӵסǸӣһ
ƷʱҲ֪˵ݣڿ硷ʱȻҲпڷ֮洫ӵļء
洫Ӳ࣬Ըܼ棬ֻ¼ĲǺϸˣϾǴɻ䡣
֪һЩ
һǷڵ洫֮һһʵɲ⣬ڴĻʳ֮ж˵ᣬмΪǿΪ
Ϊȴϲŭ޳ɱ¾ʢ
ԭʦãɱҷµӣ˵Źɣ
һҲ֣ʱһЩĿ˵
ĿҲûзڳƷϣƷֻһе֮洫Ӷѣʲôء
ɵ
һҲø˵ЩеĹأұ㻹ҪЩµӣÿһһŰ裬ߵ壬ǵùˣһЦ˵Ҫǹͬţһҷѣʲô
ô˵ʦǲӿΪһССŵӣһ˵ԽԽ䣬ֻĿ˵
˵ҽˣ㲻ĻھͿһ˽£
һĿ漴ϼѿЦݣ˵Ȼʦö˵ˣҾ͸ӣպҪʲô֣ʲô£Ǹʱ򣬿ɾͲҵˣ
һĻ֮вѹҲûнƷɱǼӷϣ޵
֮евѾǳˣѵܿųƷһô
һŵӣҪһسӣҲһ仰飡
Ͳˣſ϶һģƷ˵ʦԼҪעˣҪһ־ѵģɾͲˣ
ãããһûôŵӣһݺݵ˵Ȼ֪Ʒ⻰˼֮иǲϵ˸֮ɫ
ܺãʦ»ǳ˲ţҵҪʱ˭ѣ
һ˵ֱ꣬뿪
˼һ鷳ʦˣƷڹ˵
ֻǿһ۳ƷȻ󿪿˵㵹ǲΣΪǼͻȻɱ֣ʵǳģǳģҺһйڣǲһˣ˭ߵ壬ҲˣȻĻΪɱ˵Ծôȥô
Ȼ洫ӱŵӸʲôĵλҲûɱ¾Ϊǣ洫ӣ˱Ϊһۣ


1653 µ
ȻĻҲô򵥾ܹأ
˵漴ɨһ۳ƷǲǸо粻ƽ
ƷҡҡͷֲﳤĻ䣬Ȼ˵ʵʲô
˵ɱ¾Ĵ棬ǰʮ֮һȲϡ
Ʒϵ˿ѾϣһĻע⣬ԣһʵնһһ˵ǲô򵥾ͻָġ
ǿǳԽ龳ϵĴڣ
ƷһնУȻûбɱҲЩӡ
ƷϿ϶ܣд飡
ֲСӣʲôƽƽģ˵һ㶼ҪƷ˵ӣҳҪԼһ
Ȼһǿ󣬵ǳƷȴû˿٣ʾ͵󴫳Уν˸ҪĲʱѡ
Ʒô˵Ҳգ෴ģϻ¶˼֮Цݣ˵뷨δпΪ
ֻӻ⻹ԶԶ
ݣڴĻʳҷڻ˽⣬һǿʳƶȣһҶ㣬ΪҵԵ֮⣬Ϊӵӣ
֪ӵӣƷЩȻ˵
ôΪôƾμӿˣֻ¶ˣΪƾٵĵһˣ˵ҺһЩ꣬һ㶼˽⣬ǲڿЦ
ͨɱʾ˵ֻһͨŵӣɱ㣬ͺɱǼµĵҲûʲô
ƷأĻʳȻȷеɱ¾֮ʢҲǼΪġ
޷ǾǣҲܻһӣлܹɱ㣡̾˿˵ȷʵҲûҲܻһӣؼԼȥȡ츳ֳ
ֵԽãԽǵõϲ㳤ǵע⣬ԽǲҶ֣
ˣƷ˵Ȼ˵ǹͷ񣬵ͬģͷҲܱ˵Ĺעģ洫Ȼȫ󣬵Ҳûеɱһɵδ֮ǵĵزʵ̫޷ˡ
֪ģȻҷڼΪӴ󣬵Դȴ޵ģЩԴɲװ׵䵽ϣ㲻ȥȡͲõô򵥣
֪ˣлʦָ㣡Ʒ˵ЩȻףϾǰҲ֪ٴ顣
ˣҲѾ˵ˣҪȥչˣҲȥɣԼע㣬һץᣡ˵
˵꣬Ŷݹ⣬ʧԭء
Ʒԭվһ㾶ֱŶݹ뿪
飬óƷˣڷ֮УҲԲһƽ˾֮أ෴ģ֮ľ޴ڡ
ҪΪ洫ӣ
ҪΪ洫ӵĻΪҪͻƵ龳֮ϣ
֮£һֻһ
֮󣬳ƷֻصԼլԺ֮У˱չص״̬
ڼ䣬Ʒ֪üĿ̽޷
֮ʽأ㾶ֱȥλĹµ
⹦µҲǷ֮һرĲţרŷŸָЩеŷģҲŵĵȥģеСţСҷ񣬶УرߣҲ˸Ȥģͥ
Ļʳͥ󷽣֮ĽҲ൱Ŀɹۡ
Ƿ֮еλߵ洫Ҳᾭ¸ָĥԼҲ֮еõ˵֮ķˡ
⹦µڷ֮ҲǷǳȨƵһ˶Ҫǵɫ¡
һ㹦µڸ־֮Уڵĸ־ףҲùµִôӴ档
Ĺµ֮Уκʱͷܶзӯ죬ŵӣŵӶɫҴҵĽ񣬻Ϊ˽񣬹µĵҲæòɿ
ƷҪԴŰͰ·һЩеԴԶԶģΨжһЩ񣬲пܶʱھͻΪԴ
ֻһһƷȻɵȴ̫ϣеֶΣи׽ڵĽɵһҲûпܣɵȴ֮ǰһشǬԪ
ǬԪһֵһᡣ
֣þò
Ʒոµ㱻һ˽ס˽ŲƷһǻʷ첽


1654 
ԭǻ֣Ʒһۻʷ㣬ֻʷΪ˽Ѿﵽ龳ڵΪҲŸոսڵŸɡ
һ°ɫ۵Ļʷ㿴棬ȡ
ʷҲǴһ۳Ʒʱֻоȫȫɲ⣬оƷǰһ㡣
Ϊǿˣϲɺأʷ㿴һ۳Ʒ˵
ֿˣƷ˰˵
ǷҲģʷʵ
ҾǴûкҵ񣡡Ʒֱ˵
ˣȥһ񣬲֪ԸԸҵͬأʷ㿪˵
Ŷ֪ʲô񣿡Ʒüͷһֱʵ
һԳ͢ħ̵һ洫ӣӵΪΪħȻ͵͵ǱҴĻʳ֮дɱ䣬˰ճʮͥŭ䲼Ѿ޵Ѱ䣡ʷڲֻҷڣţҲյ񣬹дڸ׷
Ϊץͥصؽһö̥˭ץסɱܹõһö̥
Ʒʱüͷһ壬ħȻ֪ڷ׫дġ硷ţʵһأԶԶֻдĻʳıҲݣ֮⣬к嫵壬壬壬ݻνǴĻʳĴС
ҲͬţĻʳ֮ΪаħҲ˵ֳɣаħš
Уħ̱Ǻųħ֮ףʵȷҲֻǿе洫λȷ֮е洫ӣһ޶
֪Ҳǳ龳֮ϵĸֻ֣һһҪƵĳƷƲԸֻ¸ѶԸ
Ʒǲȥðյģ¸ҲԳ壬̥ƷЩˡ
ӵߵʵļ䣬Ʒβ֪̥һּΪĵҩþǰ̥ǣǣǶ龳۷ĸ̷ˣܹɵĻͻƳɹ
ǳ龳֮ϵĴڣ̥һܹͻΪ磬˵һַǳĲϣƷ֪ҪѼ뵤еҩҲ֪Ҫٶõʱˡ
ǳƷĶ̰壬ǵ̵ȱѰۻַʺΨһҹ󷢺Ʋܹ޶ȵֲȱĵ̡
ƷĹ̫ǿҪ볬龳ҲһѣҲûȫİգһö̥İǾͲͬˡ
ħ̵洫ӣҵʵȥˣѰ·Ʒ˵Ա֮ŽɽӶٻֶΣδûпܳɹ
ǻʷȥˣٷְپһ֡
Ͳ֪ˣǹҲùֱ˺ȻԺʣֱǵѪùˣȻԺеĺȻЩаħĿǣοǺεΪųƺȻԺǿ洫ӣ˵ʵĴһʵˣֱӸ˹һЩõķʱʵˣΪƹˣҵȲл֣ĻôĹӣʷǧѷĻᣬ֪ûȤ
ƷʱЩȻû뵽ȴһˣȻǺȻԺĸ֣ڡ硷ҲйںȻԺļأλдĻʳʮŵڶǿţʵ˵Ҫǿϲ١
ΪʹĻʳĹϵΪУµӼ¢˾ĻʳĹ٣Ļʳ֮еĹϵν̸ڡ
Ļʳ䣬Լطٴ붼ǳԺȻԺ֪ж¡
ĻʳЩĹٿɲ޸֮ǿɶǸиֻ֣е֮ĻʳԽǿҲԽ°빦
еĺȻҲǸаħĿǡ
ֱӣƷİղ󣬵ֻǶԸһ˹ĹӣƷмְյġ
ֻ֪ʲôˣƷҲڿҪҪͻʷһ
һΣΪǶҵý㣬ļʦ֣ȤĻǿһ𣡡ʷ㿪˵
ãͷһƷڴĻʳ˽ⲻ࣬ûһϤ˴죬ֻµϵˣƻ˶ˡ
ڹ¶ɱӣҲ֪ж˸ȥȥˣɾʲôʣˡ
̫ˣгּ룬ҵȱ绢
ʷæ˵


1655 
ܿ죬ڻʷָ֮£ƷܿѾ˹µеһ䣬֮УѾĸڵȴˡ
һŮĸƤ𪣬ݾ£һװΪӢˬ
Ů֮⣬һ׳ӣԼһͷеȵӣһһۣưӡ
ʷ㣬˵ҪҵǿԮôʱǸưӿ˵ɨһ۳Ʒ˳ƷΪǸոտ龳ѣʱмֲм
ʦ֣һŵ֮еǰʮǿأʷæ˵
ǰʮǿһԽԽˣһոտ龳֮˾Ȼǰʮǿưǵһ˵
˵΢΢һ䣬Ϊ̫ˣ龳ھȻܹΪſ˵ʮǿǶô׵顣
ϾҲӹģȻеѳ̶ȡ
ǸưҲδزףֻҲʲôΣǰ
ʷҪͳƷ龳ڳΪǰʮǿӵӣǽ𵤾ȴ˳ƷݹɫʱҲͱ첻˵ʲôˡ
Ȼõܽģ϶ʵϵģʱǸŮӿ˵
֣ҵý㣬λǷηʦ֣ʷŮӵݺǸưӵݡ
λۺʦ֣ʷֽһǸͷߴӺеĵӵݡ
λʦ֣ʦ㣡
Ʒ˵
ȻǻʷģԼѾǸ׸ˣôĽ
ʱĸߴЦһ͵һӳˣ˲һȭ䵽˳ƷǰһȭƴǾȻûٶȿ쵽˼¡
ͬһһ㣬ֱ˳Ʒǰ
еΪѾԽѰ龳Ѿ˿龳ľˡ
أ
Ʒֱֵ̧סһȭ΢΢һΣֱӵסˡ
ʱ˶ԳƷĿ࿴Ѿǿ龳ΪˣһȭƷƷȻܹסɳȥ
ԳƷ龳ΪܹǰʮǿΪӵӣȻûɵġ
ʵ
е˵ͷʾϿ˳Ʒݡ
ʱ򣬳ƷɨһˣЩ֮УΪߵӦþǸΣΪֻѾǿ˿龳۷壬ξǻʷýҲѾǿ龳ڵΪ
ʣµкҲǿ龳Ϊֻлʷһ龳ڵΪ
Ȼŵŵ֮ѾǲˣЩƵ˵վźܴĲġ
ԣȻˣˣε˵ͷҿҪ˵ˣӵҵģ˭Ҳܸһε̥ҪˣǣҲǣͳͳͣ
ǵһģͱֱǣЦ˵
Ʒüͷһ壬ͻʷ˵ĺ񲢲һ漴ߴ˻ʷĴܡ
˻ʷĽͣƷȻԭⷶҲǴͷĸǷ֮еһϣԴСǱﳤģܹķۡ
ЩʵǱӶģʱȻò̥ҲܹõǷϵĺܶô
Ʒüͷһ֣ɲص㵱ʱ˵Ŀɲһ
֣ʵϣҲܹõýˣǹӶ˶ţ˵ˣҲе׷ɱҵȵΪûʤ㣬ܼСӻý˵˺ûԵʣ
ʷЩЦģһǳƷվûе
ƷȻûеѾˣʱɲóϵܲܳ龳ء
˵ǳ͢´񣬿˵ҪҪ͵ۻ
ⷶȻͬļ룬ܹоΪƣҲ֪ʲôȻֻһ˲ѣȴǱƷ׽ˡ
ȻǶûл˵Ǿͳɣ粻˳٣εֱ˵
˺ܿ죬Ͷ׷뿪˹µ뿪˹µ֮󣬷ֱӳ֮һ֣֮ϣһսһս̻󷨣ʮ㣬ȻҲһƷķ
߰ɣҵķۣ·ԼҪĶ࣡
˵ţһԾϣƷҲûԥ̸ȥ
ŷһֱ֣ӻһâԶȥƬ֮Ѿʧԭء


1656 ħɽ
ڳƷ뿪֮ûжãƷ֮ϵһ֮Уһһ֮ϣһɹֱӷɵϡ
һѶõ̽УʱܿѾѶϢˡ
ƷҾͲܹһӣһ¶˼Ц
һΣҾҪ֮أ
ûã°ɫӴ˽
һֱ˵ȥųƷͷȡҪ˶֪ʲô³ˣͣ
ûҪ֣һƷûʸ֣
ĴڣƷͲ΢Ϊ֮Ŀһµġ
⼸ڵ϶ʱ̲ס¶ϲЦݣǶ֪һһ󷽣οǶһ˵ǺҪĶǶ˵ܿɹˡ
ǸƷ֮ǰѾ˵һЩ飬Ȼһ飬ֻһոŵĵӶѡ
ûıӻ㲻ʲô
ŵҵһͷ
˷׷Ӧŵ
ͷһ֦
֮ϣһݹӹϸһǾȻһҼķۡ
ڷ֮ϣε˷׷ڴͷ֮ϣƷ֮󣬱ĿͬʱҲץһʱС
ڲǸոͻƵ龳ѣʵڷ֮ʵǲɫ
֮ǰһ֮Ҳ˷ڵĲп״˵һǿʳᣬϵöڸǲڲĲпᾺ
һ洫ӣǶɱû֧֣һɱˣ˭Ϊء
ʵΨ㹻ʵܹһƬ¡
ң˼껹ȥ
ܿ죬˵ǰѾһƬƣֵֻǣһƬƽңԶضУֻǴһ㡣
ħħ
ͷϣ۾˵
Ȼӵ˵ͷҴĻʳ֮лдħĵط࣬ڱشħ˿һƬħɽУ
ʱƷҲ۾ȻδǶȴҲ̸İΪڡ硷ϿħɽһƬޱ޾ħ֮еĵ
û֪ôγɵģֻڹഫĴ˵֮Уһħͷ˵ħһĹϵ
Ҳ֪ʲôԭħ겻ɢĻʳ֣Ҫħɢɾ
ϾȻħħ˵Ǵ֮Ƕߺ˵ȴкġ
һֱδܳɹĻʳԴҲǻĪƺҲԸἰڹٷ֮УҲйļء
˶֪ħɽ֮мΪգ˵˿ħɽڲпֲӰӹ
ֻһֱûеõ֤ʵǴĻʳڴ˵˽ȴʵħɽн磬ħҲ˲ɢûа취ԴĻʳԴҲֻѡӺͲܡ
˵ħɽ֮УΪգв֪Ĺ棡ʷüͷ΢˵ȻҲǿ硷ģԶħɽҲǷǳļɵ
õģЩһֱдţ˭ĿˣʲôĻͥɳִˣңҵֲҪУӱشܲԶֻҪҵɱͿˣεǻ벻⣬һӡ
ҵֲҪħɽֻΧûµģҲǵ˵ͷ
Ʒǻ벻ģ˵ħкģ˵ȴǸνϰֱܹħΪãͲЩħʴ
ۺܿƿգһͷħ۶ɵ֮С
ʱƷע⵽ڷ۵ֱ˽ɫĽ硣
ŸոսħɽķΧ֮ڣħһӿ˹ƺҪЩɫĽʴɾһ㡣
ҪСˣδһȻ⧲ֱ˷ۣȻ÷ۺЩħԿҲЩۡ
Ͽ̻ŵЩ󷨺ͽɶǼΪѵõġ
û˷޵ıӻ˶ʱоħǵض˷׷׳ϵĻȻԼС
һƬ֮УϵĻǿһС̫һ㡣
Ʒ󣬶ЩħҲǼװ˻ȴڲϵʩչЩħ
һƬڵĻ֮£˶ûзֳƷ


1657 ֵ
ŨħƷȻķ֣ЩħǳŨͬε˵ҪŨʮϡ
漴ȻˣΪ֪жͬʱɣħûʲôɣŨһҲ
˵Ŀ棬ȻһƬƾŻɢĹâҲǿһЩΧǶһƬɽ֮С
һƬɽ֮УħĽȾ֮£һƬħ򣬺ʹĻʳطĻȫȫĲͬ
أʱһӰӹ˿֮£ֱӳ˷˹һֻצɨ˹˹˹

һȣȫĵɲǼ䣬ȻĹԴڿʲôȻһ߸ʬ
ֲǣһ߸ʬϾȻŷڵ°ɫۣһ߸ʬǰȻǷڵĵӡ
һֻצֱ䵽˷εֱӽĻץƣʱ˶Ӧ˹ֹæְ˽ŵĳһ߸ʬϺȥ

һ߸ʬֱը˿
һ
Ҳҷڵĵӣܿ׷ӵ˱ɱˣȻħĹ֮£ħʬˣ˵
пܣҲֻܲ׷ӵģ֮ǰôҲ֪ж٣ڿЩȥʬĿҲܴ󣡡ʱ㿪˵뵽һµĿԡ
ԭΪһƬħɽ֮иʺ棬Ӧǳ˹ӣûбΣղŶԡ
Ȼǲŷ֣ǻ̫СһƬħɽЩȥʬʬ֮󣬾ͻἫȿ¡
ãЦһָųƷ˵㣬ȥǰ̽·
ƾʲôƷʵ
ƾǵʵǿ㲻ȥĻھͿˣ
Цһ˵
ʱƷֻ֪ⷶλͻȻı⣬һΪ׸ˣֻҲԤıˣӦѾҪóƷ̽·ڻˡ
һߣкҲѾ˹гƷϾֱɱ˼
Ҳ̫ˣˣԴʷʱ˵
죬ֲ˵ý㣬ΪһôùԹĻһɱЦһ˵ޱᡣ
ʷΣлܴ
Ǻã
Ʒ˵˭Ҳû֮ɱ⡣
ǾͶˣԹԵȥǰ̽·Ҳûɱ˹ӣ㲹ģЦһĸǳϣǷڵͳν׼Щһٸֶ̫ܲˣʵ̫ˡ
Ʒһԣߵ˶ǰ棬ʷ㻹˵ȴסˡ
ε֮мǰС
أȴƷһ˸֮䣬˲Ѿʧħ֮С
Ȼܣ
ֱ˲֣һֱڷųƷܣʱҲû˿ֱһɨ˳ȥ
ֻһһײƷ΢ζһ¶ûУѾʧħ֮УԼԼֻܹһֻͭƯҳƷͷ֮ϡ
Ȼˣ
ҧ˵ƷȻҵܣɹˣ˵ֱܴ衣
޷ħɽ֮ΣأǹԹԵĸǵڻңһһԼȻܵˣѰ·ЦһôһҲǿԱһŵ龳ֶܼãֻûþͻΪصʬеһˣ
Ļ֪ҪԹǣˣΪˣʵ·һ˵ͷ
뵽¶˼ֵɫˣץʱҵǸҪƷҲˣʲôţÿνŻôܻȥģܱ֮Ϊţ·ز۵ĶǴģ
֮УΨлʷ¶˼Ƶ飬оԼҲˣЩ֮УѹһĻȨûУֻҲ֪˵ǶԵ⵽ħƣҸʬصĻ֮С
Ʒһ˻Ͼˣ
мֿϧƷδչֹԼ츳ҪڴˣֻڴĻʳ˵̫ձˣÿ춼в֪νŵҲв֪ν䡣
ǸϽߣҵӣҪժͷ̥Ҫˣ
ε


1658 ڰеɱ¾
˼ǰУ˭Ҳûע⵽ںڰ֮Уһ˫۾Ķǡ
ȴǱˣǳƷ
ȥıӰƷЦһɽͼĿռ֮˳ղŷһֱնɽӶϣûһ˿һ䵽˳Ʒϡ
ߺߣ
ƷһЩ˶ΪѾˣȴ֪Ļ˵Ҳûʲô
תָܹΪãħһģֻ˵ֱˮ
ȳƷ٣أŨħ֮һ˴˹
ƷһȻһ°ɫ۵ķڵӡ
һѾʧԭأֱɽͼĿռ֮С
ʱſȻҲһӷڵĸ֣Ϊ׵һߵɵ΢΢Щɻ󣬵ôأƷټôʧˣ
Ӧòдģʦָǵ׷ٷӦܹ׷ٵƷŶԣʱһڵĵӿ˵
ԭǳģƷ⣬˵Ǹʦ֣ƷҲö࿼ǣΪһ֮⣬Ҳûбˡ
֮ǰ˵ҲܱһӣֻҪ뿪˷ڵķΧ֮ڣͻΪһֵĶ
ǳƷһӲ뿪ڣˣһҲǻ뾡취Ը
£ΨоԼʵܹӦһ
Ʒǻ֮ежϳһ϶ԼֽţĻЩôܹƾ׷ٷ׷ߡ
ƷæɢԼеÿһϸ
Ƭ֮󣬳ƷȻܿͷһһ·ϣֻһ̫СˣƷһСĶֱӴˡ
Ʒ۾Щ洫ӣûһ򵥵ģһӿͺɱˣҲϸ緢
Ʒʲôʱµһû̫ע⵽ˣһ̫СˣСγʶֻ׷ٶλĻǴ´ġ
Щ˷ԼӦһԪˣɽͼ֮еĳƷͲһƬռ֮УȻҲ͸ӦһԪˡ
ӦܲԶҪץʱ䣬ȡͷʦͣ
ʱһֱӿ˵
ʱԣĻ˵ܹҵأں˶䣡һڵĵֱӿ˵
뵽̥˵鶼м⶯
̥˵ڴ˵е񵤣û̥ĻⱲӻ϶̫ܳΪ洫ӣ̥ⱲӾпܳΪ洫ӡ
Ҫ֪洫ӺЩŵӸ£һͳν׼һǱͳν׼
ЩŵֻǷڵĺȻ洫мλͬϣȨ
أǳδʱһվͳˡ
ͣ
һڵĵӼûκηֱһɨУ˲䱻ն롣
˭ʱΪ׵Ĺڵһ
˵ľһӽǵһɨ˳ȥȻܿͱħʴˣǻûзκڡ
Ҫ˵ûκηҲ׼ȷǵһֱڲϵɨΧǵĸ֪ûΣյģΣվǵǰ
ߣŴһֲ
ȻǾ֮ȴһնѸײڶ֮ƣֽһڵĵӸն롣
һ¶ŵˣ׷תԻ˳˶Ӧ˹ˣޱߵĺڰ֮һǿڿ̽ǡ
磬㣬Ǹᱻô͵Ϯĺ޻֮
ȴͬħǵߣǵֱӱӺϹӡ
б¾ͳʲôӢۺú
һڵĵӽ˵Ļδһƾճֱ֣Ӷĺ
ڣ
ǸķڵʱֱһȣһȭֱӺһ޴ޱȵ쫷糯Žɨķȥȴǿտյʲô˶ûС
˶ˣüĵˣǿǶ˺£ƫƫ˸ţ뵽ħɽ֮жഫ˵ǲɵúë
ͣ
ͣ
ͣ
ЩڵĵֻǶ̶ʱ䣬ͱ׷¾ǸķڵҲ⣬һ龳Ϊûʩչͱ˽֮¡


1659 ħ
ڰ֮еɱ¾һʱ䣬Щǰ׷ɱƷ˾Ѿͳͳ˳Ʒϡ
һֱʱǶ֪ɱǵľһγֵĿ꣬Ʒ
Ʒɽͼ֮УֵʱͬҽǣЩĻҵ֮£ҲͼŽԴķȥֲǬԪôܸ֪õɽͼ֮еĳƷܹκε˳Ʒ
ֱͳͳ˳Ʒϣ
˵ھվǶڳƷ˵ˮ
ڽնɱ֮󣬳Ʒβ³˿֮УƷޱ飬ֱӽЩ˵ʬץɽͼĿռ֮С
ЩʬĻħŨ̶ȣò˶ٵľͻתΪħʬˡ
ý˳ƷҲһˣ
һһ죬һնͷ­ƷĮ˵һǸ߸ϵ洫ӣѰ˸޷ĴڣڳƷ˵ȴҲֻ޾·ϵһССİʯѡ
һһԸˣ̸֤
ƷɨһܣȻղֵʱûкܳҲͬʧȥ˻ʷ˵ټ
ҲóƷòʱ׷ٷΣѹǽƭڻңʵ΢һ㣬ֻ¾ͻĳΪ˷εڻˡ
޾ħ֮УƷżˮһ㣬ħתΪĹͬʱԴԴϵĳ龳ڳ档
ƷȻողſ龳֮Уĸȴޱȵι̣˵κһ˶ι̣¸ȣԽϵͻơ
һ·ϣƷһʱʱҲһЩħʬͻϮЩǰĸģԶǺǿħʬǳƷĶ֣Ʒնɱ
ԽǿħɽģƷԽǸоһּ˵Σա
ԼԼ֮䣬Ʒܹһ޴ħɽĵشƺʲôֲ޵
ʱ򣬳Ʒܹо΢΢Ĳд·ɵĵĲ
뵽Ʒʱһ硷϶ħɽļҲɲģֻǴҴһʴб͸¶һֹ졣
Ȼ硷ֻǴԵĽһ磬ʮֵĹ졣
ټЩĪĸ֣ѵĻǵֵħʴô
ֻҲô򵥣
ħɽĴòдеħɣƷ뵽Щħɽഫ˵ħɽ֮˼ΪֲӰȻֻǾһƳȴ׽Ǹסˡ
ƷɵС˺ܶ࣬ˣЩħʬҲκβ˳Ʒ
ܿ죬ƷͷһֵĵطǾЩħʬķƺڳͬһǰƺܵʲôٻһ
˵ЩħʬֻΪħŵģһǣڱٿصĻôһо˵ͨˣƷ뵽ô͵Ļô֮ǰвĵطҲԽ͵ͨˡȻˣʲôԭЩɢħɽصħʬһطǰأ
Ʒ֪ԶһħӰһȥ
ǰʲôҪǸȥǻֻ˵ڱٿЩħʬĻôҲЩħʬǰȥȼݵģƷƺһͨʲôһʱǰһ
ƺʲôͬʱĽ˿ЩħʬǰķȥЩħʬһ·ǰС
ܿ죬һ޴ޱȵس˳Ʒǰ׼ȷ˵ӦòһأӦһӣֻзӿһڵҺ壬Һ徹Ȼħ
˵ħɽ֮еħѾʮŨ˵Ļô֮еħҪŨʮϣȻѾΪճҺ塣
ЩҺħӣڲϵķӿ˵Ŀˮһ
ӵ룬Ȼһͷ޴ޱȵħһͷħ˫ȫڵۼף˫Ŀͨ죬㿴ʮɶߣΪӴ
˻ȻħƷһͷħʱ򣬲ɵõһ
֮пһħļأ˫ħǴ˵еħסھ֮ϣУֹ硣
˳磬Ѿֻܹŵħˡ
ǳƷеʵļ䣬֪ıһ˻࣬ħ֮ΪħǲǾסھ֮ϣʵǾסԪħ֮Уһȫȫħɵ硣


1660 ħ֮
ڳŴʱڣչ˼Ϊʢʱڣ磬ĳһԪ֮УͷһΪħ֮С
磬粻ͬؼһΪħ磬֮УһΪħ塣
ħΪպһħ˵ǷǳдԵһħ
֮ħսͿʼˣ˫壬ħĴڹᴩʷ
֪аħеħĸԴħ壬зֱЩ޷ֵסħĵԸԸʶΪħӣΪħ
Щħħļȷ棬һ蹷Ǻħ˻صħʱħûħһ壬Ϊһ
֮ͬǣ嵱ЩߣΪ̽ħܣΪΣյʱ򣬸ԸԸħרħȻٳһﵽȫͬĵ·
ڵħš
ȫͬħҲĿǰħ֮е
ħȴѾкܶ궼ûмˣԶŵս֮УħڵħӿھѾֱŽ޾֮С
ټϴĻʳ½½ΧˣͷѾٿؼдħˡ
Ʒܹһͷħ忰ѾݹᾣȫļƤȫɳϵۼ׵ĹѾˡ
һͷѾħ
ȻħҪԶԶͨҪĶ࣬ͬ߶ȲħվҲһ졣
ƷʱˣЩεڸصħʬʵǱһͷħٿء
ЩħʬҲյħϢĸϻˡ
ħĳܱߣѾ֪ΧǧӰЩӰÿһ龳ϵĸ֣龳Ǻٵģ϶ǿ龳ж龳ĸΧС
ЩַĳһͷħķȥֻǱħʬס
˶ħ֣
ΪħУħһ˵ǳҪĶħ֮ģ
ħһħԴ˵ǷǳǳֻһͷħҲǳԽ龳֮ϵĴڡ
ħ֮еϲħ壬һͷħ۷״̬Щ˵ȻҷڼȻһͷħѾˣǾһˡ
϶¶˼ϲ飬ΪǶû뵽Ϊ׷ɱӶȴȻӵ
ħ֮ǼΪģǿ˵ֻתеһСܹΪһƾձǡ
ЩƷȻ֪ĺһ˶ҪĶˡ
ƷĿѲӣܿͷ˷εˣǹȻҲһħеһͷħɱɢЩɱħʬ
νΪ˻ħ֮ģ˶޾Σգȫ֣
Щǿ龳龳ϵĸ֣Ƕ龳ĸ֣ڷ֮УҲľӢӣѰŵӸ¡
δ洫ӵӣλŵӲͬն
洫Ӳ£Ƕһˣ洦ɼ
Ҳ֪жٶ龳ǿߣϰ˶Ƕ龳Ҳǿ龳Ѱ龳ͬʷ֮١
ôֶħ֮ģƷɫһ䣬ҲҪħ֮ģǾʵ̫ˡ
һħ֮ģƷаܹƳһöƵħΪٽһ¡
ʱ˵Ϊݳ޵ĶֻҪܹʱ䣬ϧ
ķħ֮ĸûҵķݣƷǺܶûǳѪһöɽӶȵȣ˵ǹ汸
ǶʱƺʹƣԸһ˵ʱȻģʱôĸ֣ҪҲ̫ܹɹ
ȻˣΨȡˣƷ⣬һΣֱħС
˶ûзʣһƷص̫ˣһҲУΪħŨһֿµĵز
Ѱ龳ĻƬ֮ͻᱻʴĸɸɾȻҪôħ뻯ΪħҪôһ³
ǶڳƷ˵ˮ
ƷϵתЩѾҺ̬ħΪҲһǧ𷽲ѰħĽٶҪʮ
ͬʱƷҲڲϵĽӽһͷħ


1661 ֣᧿Σ
ڳƷħصײһݷһħеʱ֮ϣڳһĸ֡
ǧԴĻʳصĸѾ׷ͻħʬֱӳħķ˹
˵ʣһǧѷĻᣡ
ǺܶѾƿʣͻƿĻᡣ
¡¡
Щַ׷׳ֲ֣Ĺ춯أֱȫ䵽ħϣһͷħ˫Ŀͨ죬ĶסЩߣһ־ͽЩͳͳץˡ
۷ʱڣѹͲںЩһߡ
Ȼڣ첻ˣħһ˵ҲѾ˿Ҫʱˡ
ħرӦóΪ֮أ˭֪ʱȴһȺħ֮ĵߡ
ޱȵķŭ
࣬Ҳ۷ˣҲЩһĴܹԸ˵ģ
ʱһͷħֱſѪڣ͵һĻ滯ֱմء
һЩǰģӦĸ־ͱһԴ˲仯һź֮̿ء
СģһͷħعⷵգԲܱóѣ
ʱһĻʳһ϶һ澵ӣϱڳܵĹâ棬䵽ħϣȻ޷ħķ
˾ҲڷӦ˹ٴУ׷׼˸ָķ͸ָͨĳƷǴ۽硣
ЩȻκβһͷħһͷħһ֣һצӾͽЩˡ
¡¡
˵Ĺݱչһͷħ˶ˣֱӳһͷħ˹ȥ
һͷħҲڷķ
ÿһӣ˴֮ϱͬһħصԱߡ
һͷħҲѾˣϵ˿ԽԽ࣬ѪϵʳȻѾ֧Ų˶ˡ
Ѿս˵ƴһˣ͸֧һսԸ⻹ǲԸ⣬·һ
֮£һͷħĹҲԽԽϣȴоܣΪ֪һͷħܿҪˣħ֮Ҳܿ쵽ˡ
Ƕ̶ʱ䣬Ȼй˲أΪΪȣͬʱʵҲǰЩ龳Ȼʧ
ΪҲһͷħص㹥Ŀ꣬ÿʱÿ̶һͷħϡ
Щ龳ĸҲƴһʱһͷ޴ޱȵħֱӵˣǾ޴ֱӲϵήڵľһյ֢״
Ϊղȼսڣеķһ˲ʹ
һ˲䣬һͷħֱħ֮С
ɹˣħ֮ҵˣ
ʱһĿ龳ĸֱӳ嵽ħʬԱߣֱӳħĲλץ˹ȥ
Ʋסϲʱ˶û뵽ħ˵¾͵ˣһ׶ûУ޷赲ס
أʱһԶӶһǹ⣬ֱӺ䵽龳ĸֵϣȻһӾͽ龳ĸı˿
˼һͷħħ֮ģҵˣ
һĮһһ£Ӣȴżӿ첽˵ǰ
ӣ㾹Ȼҳ֣
ʱ֮һϳӵݣȻ׷Ķӡ
뵽˵ľΪ֮һȫķҲʱ׼֡
ΪģֻΪǰ˽йӣ
ȻڴĻʳҲ̶̵ʱѣǾô̵ʱ֮ڣȴ쳹˴Ļʳء
һħ̵洫ӣһΪɲ⣬óܣ˶޲ɱҪô򲻹ùҲ
һʱвĺ߳ƺΪħһһ֡
һֱʳֱ֣ӽӵˣùǱӴܡ
˶ǲΪ̫ˣֻ˵̫ǿˣȻԺһţʷܴδ츳
Ϊδ֤Ĵڣ
Ϊˣܹѣ˺ġ
ڴйӦ;ƿݲŶԣڿӸͲ;ƿݣ෴ģȡ
ȻΪΧ˹Ӷû˴͹ģǺܿ𾪵ķ֣龳ĸ־Ȼֱȫһͷħϡ
ʣµǣҲδػǹӵĶ֣
һʱ䣬᧿Σ


1662 ȸںը
¶ЦݣϵƲûԭܶԤϵôأ˵ô̵ʱ֮ڣӾѾָ˲١
һʵҲ׼ҪǱжǱֻʣµһߡ
ˣЩҲеҹӵ鷳
˭룬ӱ˱ԭԤĸǿʵǸǽǣ
ƾЩ˻ɱңͳͳǸɱˣӹЦһ˫֮˸ѪɫĹâڣгͳͳѪʳĻָ
ʵһ̫ˣǵڣܹо˿ʹϵĴ󲿷ַҪѹڵƣƶ񻯣ȻЩ龳龳ļһĶ֣彫Ƕ
ǵģһʼ壬ǱĻʳѾкܳʱˣͷһͷħЩ˸һ̵ְ
ôˣѵɣɱһö̥
ʱ򣬲֪˭һĻʱͬһֻѼס˲һʵҲȷʵˣΪĲһֻǿץС
ǰһղŻǰĹӾѾˣƷѾǸ˵˵ǰֱӽ߸߾
Ҫڵķ۲
һö̥˶ЩĶҪҵԴȥ̥ˣ˵
̥龳ĸ˵ױȵǶ˵ҲǷǳġ
أ
˵Ĺȴ͵һץ˵Դ󱬣ֺİ׵Һ罦
˶ǽסһʱǲӼΪǰҲħ̵洫ӡ
˵ħ໥ӣ໥ɱĻ֮гɳ洫ӣۺѲĳ̶ȱʮŵ洫ӻҪӿһΡ
촽ԼϵԽУͬʱðһħƬ֮䣬˾Ѿһ߸ʬ
ԿԸоõӵϵϢǿһ֣ԣǿʳ龳ߵľָơ
˶ʱܣǹӵ˶Ȼʱ䣬ЩֶΣҲڳЩܹȵϵġ
ƴˣ
ʱ˶֪ƴһѣֻ»ᱻӸƣԶиħʬΧһƬˮйͨ
ǶʱܣǸܵ飡
ֿµĹȫ˹ӣǹӵķӦ̫ˣ֮䣬չɱ¾
ЩƽʱҲԺյĿ龳Թӵʱ򣬼Ǻ޻֮Ƭ֮ͱ¾룬˲ء
Щ޿ˣҲԼǿʵԹӵʱǸһʱ򣬹չֳԼѹԵʵµ˼㡣
㲻ɱңҸǳϣ
ξֵĿŹɱ֮󣬾ֱɱ˹Ļ䣬ȴһֻħצ֪ʲôʱֱӶˡ
˲䣬ֱӻɳɢֱӱ˾Ѫ
ʣµкҪߣҲֱӱɱ
ƴˣʷĶס˹ӣʵ̫ˣһǿѹȸУһ¶
Ķô
ʷһθоԼôڹӵѹ֮£һ¶ѡ
֮ǰǬԪʱͬǬԪԶȹҪʮǬԪĿͲǱɨ˶ѣҾôңԶϢ
Ÿо龳ĸֵжôĿ£һ˲䣬뵽˳ƷƷԵĶǿǬԪ֪ƷôģûȻܹشǬԪ
ЦʱйǬԪҲ˵ĸо̫ˣ
أʱһӰħصײӶһĽâն
ӿֱ̧һ˽âĿת˹ȥȴһ°ɫ۵ȻֱħʬԱߣħС

Ӷʱ֮бĹâΪԼ̵ְ˭̵֪ĺ棬Ȼһˡ
ıĳɹֱժˣ
ʱҲ͹˲öԸʷˣֱӳǸ°ɫ۵ֱ׷˹ȥ
°ɫ۵תȾܣһ䣬ֱʧ˲ħ֮УҲǽ׷ɱȥ


1663 ־ܣڵģ
áþˣ
ʷһʱŷ֣ԼĺѾ׵׵ʪˣˮ׽ʪˡ
һζ˵ֱǴӹŹһ⣬ʱһǰ԰ûˡ
ԭٻЩ԰ģϾڿʮ֮һ½ֻеŵӣѾһЩСŵŶҪˡ
ܹΪ洫ӣǾԺһЩŵƽƽ
ȻףЩĸֵжĲ࣬ͲһϵĴڡ
ֻδпܳΪ洫ӣЩˣѾǸ߸ϵ洫ӣֻһ֮ңʵ֮
ϴŴʵظľӿһĨ죬ߣ˵ҲһĴ̼
δйһ֮ʱ
ղǸǳƷʱ򣬻Щδ˵
Ӧɣ
ʷ룬Ȼ˵¶˼ֿЦǷεԾҪƷڻңǵͻȴΪƷŵþˡ
νһһ춨
ʷͻ໥һۣʱ򣬲ףΪʲôƷʱų֮ǰûг֡
¾ѾɱˣԾĿŹɱ˷֮ų֡
Ҳ޻˵ϾƷǱԿҲɱǳƷûôҲƵ御ˡ
þˣôô£
ʱʣ²дЩˣʱҲ׷׸һ
ԭǧˣǾһͷħ͹ӵôһοµɱ¾Ȼֻʣ˲
˵һ־δ״̬
˶Ǳ˹ӵͷȥȡ̥뷨ģ˭֪ȴͬһıɱ˸
ʱǲףԼ֮ǰ뷨жôĿЦˣҪƱˣȴˡ
߰ɣ˭֪ǸʲôʱᱻɱڣǸϽ߰ɣ
˺һʱ˾ɢȻǹӵĶ֣ЩΧħʬҲסҪߵĽŲ
ֻʣ˻ʷͻܡ
ϣܹɣ̾һ˵
ҾδأʷأͻȻ˵
еɻĿŻʷ˵֪ΪʲôͻȻðĻ
ǲô򵥣ƷʷΪ֮ˣݣȴž˵ĴУǵ֮һֱǸʱ֣ԲҪߣǣ̣ʷ˵ţͻȻԼҲЦˣΪҲо뷨жôĿЦƷôܻǹӵĶأܹӹӵѾѾǳˡ
˵ܹɱˣ
ֱǸܵ飡
Ǿô˼飬ȴúпܣͳƷʶʱ䣬ǳƷĸоȴһɲ⡣
ٴΣΪƷˣǳƷȴƫƫ˾˵ķɱ׳˵֮⡣
֪ʷľĶģǵ˵ͷɣﲢǾ֮أ
ҲˣƷΪеŹ֣ʱЩħʬ˹ѾΧס
ţ
ʷӦһæͻԶӴܶȥ
ͷһ֦
Ʒһ·ӹ󣬹ӽ׷ᣬʱиֲֿĹϺ
ӵһ˫֮дѪɫŭ˼£ڼȴȻƷ˺ֱܴ裬һǵݺݴ
ܲģܵĺǣҲὫץסʬΣ
ţȫķȼħһ㣬ۿҪ׷ϳƷʱ
ȴƷֱֹͣת˹ӡ
ղŻҪ˹Ĺһͣ˽ŲЩɵĿųƷƷٶŹּˡ
ƷӦûûе;ƿݵʱŶԣڳƷȴͻȻͣס˽Ų
ܵľһо
թ
ȻܲǾͲܺˣ
ƷЦЦ˵Χħܹʲôв෴ģڳ֮еĶ츣һˮ
Ҳޱȸп˵ѧĻʾֱǸǴ˽ܡ
ħǸָĿǰûзʧֵġ
㵹ҲԹ־ܵĻһһȫʬһЦ˵
־ܣǲڵģƷ˰֣˵òײŽû˵ĵطøʬ


1664 ս
ʬ˵ֺ֮֮ɫܹھޱȼңͬʱɱ¾ħ֮гΪ洫ӣĵȻֻʵѣǻۡ
νǽڱ׷ɱĻ̻ͬɥ֮Ȯһʱ򣬾Ȼܹ֣Ϊ֣ħ
ˣȻðգ
Ʒ״̬ȷʵе֣ЩɣǲǳƷҲͬʲô塣
ɨһȦ֮Уȴûз壬ʱһ˵ƾ㣿Ϊ㻣סң
ѾɨһȦܶ鶼ΧûκοĵطҲûκν󷨵ĺۼ
Ҳ˵Ʒڻ̫ˣɲЩͨˣᱻŻһ¾ͱˡ
Ż㣿ҪôƷЦһȻǲ뱻˿ˡ
ĵƣ벻ʱ¶ģ
ѡǸʱ֣ȻҲΪ˾»ʷͻǷΣʷҲΪִԣһǷֵĺġ
ǿЦڻͼŻңŴģŭһɲǼ䣬һɿֲͷ˳һγһɿֲѹֱѹ˳Ʒϣһ龳ֻһ˲䣬ͻᱻش
Ϊ˹زʱѾѰˣľҲʵʻնɱǿеĵز
Ʒ鲻䣬ӵʵȻǿ󣬵Ǳش֮Ѿû˵ʵҲֻǶ龳۷塣
ԶһĶ龳۷ҪǱϾҲûгԽ龳
һѹȸУ͸˵ǬԪɢĩһĳ
ǬԪɽͼĴڣƵɽͼӲȥòʹһöеһȽǬԪش֮ߡ
ǬԪȣӼ۷ʱֻҲסǬԪС
ܺãӣȻܹסҵƣҲͽ˶ˣЦһ˵ŵӼˣô洫ӵĿ£ЩҲ׷ңǿЦ
ޱȵ԰Ļʳ˵ʮż洫ӺŵӼֱ磬һϲѫһֻͨСϰնѡ
ãұˣҪҪѪѪ⣬ķķÿΪҷֻҪ㣬ҵƾָܻһ룡˵ţ̰֮飬طܹĸоƷڵѪﵽһ־׵ĵزǺš
мʮ龳ѪҪĿ£ʢȵĿǰġ
Բѣ
ƷЦһ˵
ԲѣЦһȳˣɲǼ䣬ֱһֻ޾ħ۶ɵħצųƷץ˹һֻ֮ͬƣ·סȫĿռ䣬һ˲ץһ龳ĸ֡
ӵ׻СĽ֮ǰԸ龳ĸֶûжùǿķЩһֱȫ֡
ʱ򣬳ƷɲǼ䣬ҲһӶˣɲǼ䣬һɿ񱩵ԶϢ֮б˳ëÿһë֮г˳Ȯһӱ
ɲǼ䣬Ʒʹαһ޴ޱȵޣһͷ޻ɫһͷСɽһ㡣
һͷһֻצճһֻħצץ˹ȥ
¡
һֻץħצվͱצץ˷顣
ʲôʲôӶʱ΢΢һ䣬ܹһͷ޵ϸ֪һּȿµϢϢͷŵħ֪Ҫ϶١
εĲͬ
꣡һϳһͷ޵ݣһͷϹŴ˵ĳꡣ
̰֮飬ܹȷƷ϶࣬ǳꡣ
Ҳ˵ֱΪķţ϶һͨһط
ʩչط֮ĳƷԭĲһھȻֱмľ
ʵжôľˣ
طһҪʳȫܹ뵽ԼܹɹʳطʵҲһ츲صı仯
ʱ򣬼ħ̵洫֮УʵҲо޴
Ʒĳ꣬Ѿһƶı⡣
𣡡
Ʒĳһ쳤ХһɹϢͷ˳˺һŽɫĻһ㣬ħɽ֮ޱȵҫۡ


1665 
ʱƷӿ˻ԵķĹâ걾˵ܹǧĺɱҲǠһ֡
ƷһͷȻҲˣʵСɽһͣһž޴Ļһ㣬ԶԶȥħɽ֮Уޱȵҫۡ
Ʒʵ쭣ǿֲϢǵûùӺ£ֻޱȵ˷ܣƷΪ֮ʵԽǿǶ˵ôҲԽࡣ
ǺһֻͨϹŴ˵пֱ޵ͨųɷıû뵽Ȼһܹ̫ˣӹЦħҪһͷħһ
ϻ˵ſѪ˵˫죬ǳֳ֮ƷĴԣͼҪٿسƷ
ƷҲ֪ʱѾˣ
һ˲䣬Ͷˣ
ˢ
Ʒĳ󣬾Ȼֱӳһ˫ⲢǳͨɲǼ䣬Ѿ˹ӵǰ
ÿ죡
ӶʱֻоǰһƷӴѾǰˣǾ޴צͬһŻһ㣬˲˺һУֱӳŹץ
ҪʲôѧҪʲôֻͨһצĪ
ӶʱһȻûӦƷٶȾȻô죬ǶԴȴҲһ֪ģɲǼ䣬ǰѾħ۶ɵһϡ
أ
һ޴ĺ֮һħ۶ɵķֱӱ˺˿
ħȭ
һ˲䣬ֱһȭ˳ȥֱӺǾ޴צݺײһ
¡
ɲǼ䣬ضɽҡӵΪȻ۷壬ҲǶ龳۷壬Ʒڱ֮ʵټϳı̬Ѫ
ȻԺ͹ӴĲ£
һɱ㣡
ӹЦһ˲䣬ٶһȭ˳ȥħֱһ޴ޱȵħͷħͷſѪڣҪһжɡ
ħ̵̾ѧ֮һħ̵ʦ۲ħ̬ĸǴѧ
ħ֮УҲֻ洫ϼĸ֣ʸ
һһһҪɱƷ
ƷȻֱ֣һצץȥ
أ
˫ٶײһ𣬹ΪԼܹ𿪳ƷʱȴƷϲ֪ʲôʱѾһֱѣݻһƽʿ
ƽʿֱӿ˳Ʒ֮С
ɲǼ䣬ƷϵĻٶ
ԭܹͳƷĲµĹӣһ˲ѣͱֱ˳ȥ
ôܣ
ɳȥĹӵɴ۾أԲţԼȻƷһצӸķ˳ȥ
Ǵ
һӾϳ˳ƷʹõһöǼ۸񲻷ƵĴ
ڴĻʳ֮УΪķһֱмУ˵ЩаħˣҪŪЩѶҪȴĻʳ֮еĸѵĶࡣ
Ⲣ֪йش飡
ҾͲţܹöã
ֱڰ֮סϳƮɵΣ֮˸ĹâоȻҲ֪㣬ͻȻһͬʱҲҲܳ־ãֻܼӳһʱ״̬
ɱˣ
ƷǾ޴һ䣬ֱӳŹӷ˹ȥſѪڣһſֲĿ˳
ⲻѰĻ棬ǳеһֺɻ𣬻ɲǼ䣬ø¶ȶ˲ˣħɨˣֱӻһ̾ȻʧΡ
ˣһŻ糤۾һֱӽԼǰһĽ󷨣ͼֵЩ档
Щܹô򵥵ıֵסµĽֱӾͱմˡ
Щֱ䵽ϣ
ʱӵϴһ޴ޱȵǹϵķõڼѵ
ĺɻ̫ˣ۷ʱڣӻֻҪСһЩͿԣǶڵ˵ֱҪˡ
ʱףʲôлƽȮۣ
ѹҲûпƷȴƷƵϡ
΢һȴƷСɽһӴֱӳˣȻ󵱳һβɨ˹
һβɨٶּֿ˿µĿ񳱣ͬһֱӳŹϯȥ


1666 Ʋӵľ
ƷĳǾ޴βһϯҼУЩϹ޸Ҫʲôѧʲôͨǿ屾ܵжĪܡ
ѧǷЩϹŵ޶ġ
ʱ򣬹Ӳ֪Ųһֲֿĸо
ˣҿһ޴βӭǣֱ޿ɶ㡣
أ
˫ֱӭȥһ˲䣬˾ͬһ㱻䵽˴֮ϡ
¡
ֱ䵽˵֮ϣڵҳһ޴ޱȵӣĸΪģ˷ɢ˳ȥѳȥ֩һ㣬顣
ϰɵĳˣ
֪һжôͣ
ۣ
һѪ˳˫ּҵˣȫĹͷҪҵ˿
ҪѹƲס˿ˣ
һ̫֮⣬̫дˣŽϹ޵ѰԴ
ŷ֣Լ֮ǰжϼֱǴش
ЩϹÿһͷǲԵĴڣ۳Ϲ֮жǰеĿֲڡ
һǵûнŵ෴ģϢ˳
Ҿ͸ģҿ㻹ܺĶã
Ӵһ˫Ŀͨ죬ȫķڷڡ
ڶĳƷֲ˶ãԼֵƷȫԼȫ
ޱȵŭŭȼգǱˣһƷͲĶ֡
ʱѾ׷ˣĶųƷҾҪŪ㣬ŪңҾҪ㳢̶
֮ϵĳƷҲڲϵĴŴղһĹ˵̫ˣľ̫ˣÿһÿһ붼ڷͷ
ܹоԼÿһϸڱ
漴ֱӷ˽һ˲ͳ嵽˹ӵǰ
һ޴ޱȵĸβɨ˹
˿䣬ȫ·ŨħȻΧֱһ塣
ħ֮Ʒ֮˸֮ɫһӾϳʲôͨ
ħ֮һΪͨħ֮
ħܹ֮ݵǿ˵ʵ罫˱֮УȫϵҲǴӡ
ħ̺ܶĹһкصĺַ֢Żħ֮
˵ǵΪʱһ˶Ը⶯ħ֮
Թڵ˵пֱܾƣ֪ȫƷƵ˼ˡ
ҿô
ӷĴʱѾû˿Ƕԣֻһ飬ǾǽƷ˺ѣ׵׵˺ѿ

ƷͬʱҲ쳤Хһһβֱɨ˹ӡ
أ
һΣûбֱӴɳȥֻǱֱײȥͣ
ͬʱ׼õħȭҲͬʱһȭ˳ȥ
뿴Ʒֱһȭ
ǽŷһĻ˶ˣΪԼĹ䵽˳Ʒϣûܹκε˳Ʒ෴ģͷϳһͭ
ɽӶ
ɽӶϷһ΢΢ĹâֱӾͽһֵ

ӵһֻһһȻ󵱳Ϊޣ˲Ʒ
ô
ӿһĻֱĿѡ
ԼıĹȻκβóƷ
ɽӶеĹͳͳֵסˣ
ʱףƷĵΪյƵĳ꣬ȻҲֻǳƷеһ
ʵϲǳƷﵣΪĹ޷ɽӶǳƷĹȴԲϵ䵽ϡ
ȥİҲֻʱ⡣
ƷЦһɽӶǰ֤ǰҪܾΪǿ
ⲻǿҲֻǺȽ˵ģ
һ˵ɽӶĿǳ׵׵֮У
ǬԪ޷ɽͼջɱƷǹˡ
ڹ𾪵ʱ򣬳ƷѾٶɱǾ޴ͬСɽһײ˹ӵϡ
ۣ
ӼһҽУһѪ˳һӵ˳ȥݺײ˵ϡ
ɫ죬ڷ𣬼ֱоҪɢˡ
ͼ֮ǰشѹȥǳƷôܷŹõĻᣬҪ
ɲǼ䣬Ʒٶȷ˽


1667 ͻƣ龳ڣ
ƷȻӴ󣬵ȫ²һɫٶȿ쵽˼£һɲǼ䣬Ѿ˹պˣӡ
̫ӼƷɽӶıܲˣֱӺ˹۸Լ򲻶Է
ʱ໴Уֱ̫
ˣһƷôܹΪ֮ݣ
뵽ԽǱ
ʱѾʶˣûô򵥣һʼһ壡
ƷΪԼʤ
ȻʱѾݲ룬ƷѾɱɱ⣬ƺΪ֮
Ϲ޵ʱչֵ쾡£
סΣֱһȭֱ˳ȥ˺ѿһУħȭһУֱӽƷ޸˽ȥ
һ˲䣬ħȭľ޴ħͷͱƷĳ˺ѿ
ƷĴ򷨿Ǽ򵥴ֱһʮᣡ
򵥵ķԼǰһи飡
أ
ӱֱײУֱӱײ˳ȥһѪ˳˱
ֻоڵƶҪѹסһ˵ٶȷɢ

ӿٶȷ˹ĳƷŭա
ùӣȻСҲģҲ
ӸоԼڵҲƲסʱ򣬶ʱȫķ˫֮Ƶķ֮ɫֱӱֲһ
ѾԼڵˣ䱻ƷĴ罫Ʒһߡ
һ֮ǰֹǿʮħ洫ӹӵʵ֮ǰ󲿷ֵĹҪѹڵƣĳ֡
䣡
һֱӺ˳ƷһɲǼ䣬ƷͷϵɽӶһӱǿĹâķڶγ˾޴Ľ磬ƷС

һɽӶΪΣƷ˼ڻȫĹơ
ĹΪѹƲסڵƣ˲ը鿪ķѣһɹӴħһɺȻΪģ˷ɢ˿
һ۹˲
һ˲䣬ɽӶҲһû˳Ʒ֮УͬʱҲӱѪ֮˳±ԡ
꣬꣡
ƷϴŴڷһգо֮еҲһա
˵Ȼֻһƣһֱã
һΣ˳˹ӣҲζ̥ˣ
δ龳Ҳʮİգ
ӵʬɾѪ֮С
ʱɽͼ֮евɢһ㣬龳֮ϸֵľѪҲٶȳ죬ö
Ʒʱϲ
龳֮ϵĴڵľѪεȵӴֱӴö
ƷҲżȥǾֱɽͼ֮УȻժһöڰ֮ϣ̷
ʱһǰδеӴֱӿ֫ٺ֮С
ЧȻö˵һöЧú͵Ʒõһöʱȣǿ˰ٱ
ƷڳɳҲڲϵĳɳ
ƷæڵķһתϽһתΪҪķһ߷ĳŸߵľ硣
Ѿ龳ڣһ֮󣬸ľĻۡ
һҪջ۵Ḷ́ĵر̡ܹ
Ʒڱˣڵķÿʱÿ̶糤ƺӣԴԴһ׵ĵز
ûãƷѾﵽ龳۷壬ʼ龳ڡ
˵ʵļ䣬Ʒ龳һжİθͳͳܹг
һϹ︴һ
ƷϵĴԼķһֱ޷ٴʱͻơ
䣡
ƷڵķֱͻƣֻƬ֮ѣ˵Ǽѵͻƣ˵ǻ۹ˣһж˵˳£ͻƲֻ˳ˮ۵顣
һͻƵ龳ڣƷԭѾҪӴһӾƽƷڷƿһȫµ۷塣
ҲһСһ˲䱻ھһڷɺֹǿһһ˲˺ü
˿ˣ˲Ҫ۾ûǳƷ棬ÿһܹԾһȫµĵΣֱһ
֮󣬳Ʒסڵķ׵׵ƿԼȫµʵ
ͻƣ龳ڣ


1668 ˣ
ͻƵ龳֮󣬳ƷֻоԼʵȫﵽһεģ֮ǰԼҪǿһϡ
սҲ֮˷츲صı仯
ûһöͻҲֻʱˣ
Ʒ⣬ֻҪһʱ乮һΪͿͻƣֱӴﵽ龳ڵΪ
Ǹʱŵ֮УƷǳ͵һˡ
Ҳûжʱ䣬Ʒûһ˿һ뷨
ĶǬԪǬԪȣѾ̫ˣԱҪ߾һֶԼǿ
˼꣬ң
Ʒս˫ȭ
ͻ֮󣬳Ʒֱͣӳŷڵķȥ
ʱ磬Ѿַˡ
һΣΧһѾشĹӣҸַ׷׳ǧ֣ȫǿ龳Ƕ龳ĸ֡
ĸ֣ڸ֮ȻǶһţȴҲмĺ
Ȼȴӵ¾֪˶ĺ䶯
Ƕʮ˵ӵΪʣǽڵžž
һʱ䣬ŲдԱߣ֮Ȼ󲨡
ݴ»һЩʮż洫ӣϾ̥Щ洫˵ҲǼΪѵõġ
ֻ֮ǰŵӣӢһĥĻᣬ洫Ҳ
ʵѾ֤ӵʵԽŵӺ;ӢܹԸļޡ
Щ˶ʱ̲סˣ
һڴĻʳԺյ洫ӷ׷ɽɱħɽ֮С
һʱ䣬ħɽ֮ʱʱͿԿһǿӰд
û֪ӾȻѾƷնɱˣ
Щĸҵӣ¿˳ƷˣҲֻΪƷСңΪȡᡣ
ΪƷܹӵлǻɱӵ
ڣµڵɽ֮£ɽ˺зӯ졣
Ʒ˶ݹ⣬Ŀɨȥȴ⸽ˣȻͳͳˡ
ȻǺһڣͬһεЩͬţŵӣҲŵӡ
ڱϣƷ˻ʷվȺ֮С
ȺԵӰ˹ˣƷһǵһλѡֵġ
־Զ壡
˵϶ˣȻǺأ˿ΪǱ
ƷҲЩ֣־Զ˵ʵǲôͬʱܴˡ
ųƷĿ⿴˹ȥƷֻĿĴһģһĸ
θߴͦΣӢȻһģһ˶һɫĳֱֳۣڶж֮䣬ٶѸһ㡣
Ʒ˳ǵɫĳۣʮ֮ڵʽۣһ۾ܹϵóʮס
һģһ˫̥ѸݹϣϽ֣âŽһ
âγֵģֻڳײһĻ𻨡
ڿ龳ĸ֮У˳ֵٶҲױȣ
ƷĿɨһǲɵһĨЦ˿˿ûж÷ֻƾűǿȺͶԽе֡
˶νǽϵĴңֿûУʵνпգҽǣûһ˿һĺۼ
˾ǵ֮
û뵽ôǵӵҲֻˮƽԼ˼
ʱһӿ˵һ֣߳һ߻ܹյ˵ּ֪ٶȣȻࡣ
ʦǻҪ̸ðҶˣһ˰˵Щ˲˵һ컹һôڶû
޼ɵ˵ĻʱҲ˸ŭˣǶǰֻ˴ڡ
߷ƣ߷ɷ磬̫ˣȻԶˣǾ֪ˣʱһڵĵ̲ס˵
˵ɣǷڶʮŵ֣Щȴһ겻һ꣬ʲôĸ֣ʱ˫̥֮еĸ߷ƿ˵ߵӣʱЦһ˵ôԶôûϵǸɴһϺˣҲں
֮иƣȻһʰ˫̥֮е˶ҲֻǶֶѡ
ͬ˱ѵĹǺǰǷڻôˡ
һʱˣҲֻһʱЩǰˣһΡ


1669 Զأ
ʱҲֻܽϣе˻Զϡ
ͳƷĺͬԶСѾ£ʱ򣬾˵ԶСڲͬʣСΪڵĳоɡ
ԺͱȷҪڣ
ǷڹעЩڻûаڵʱҲжš
ʵԶʮӵ֮ףδԿ϶ܹΪ洫ӵǿ
ǲҪ̫ˣѵǻΪԼ޵ô˶Ÿ߷ƣ߷ɷŭĿӡ
޵̸ϣЩˣиûҲûʲô𣡡߷Ц˵
Ҫȴǿסˣûһӵϡ
ڶˣҲˣ
ǳʲôأ·ˣ
أռ֮ʣһӰڶ
Ʒʱ˵Ŀⶼ۽˳Ʒϣǵϵó
˵ƷĺΨһһԽ𵤾ΪΪӵӵĴڡ
û£ʷ֮־ϲӵ飬Ʒһ鶼ûУɵʮ־ϲͬʱҲмΡ
ΪĹϵƷűεڻң󣬾ȻǳƷ˹ӽˡ
Ȼʱ²⣬ƷӦһİգȻô
ĿƷ˵ĳֵʱǾϲӡ
ôˣ
ѵҲԿô־Զ嶼ʧˣʲô취
ȥҲһʧܶѣ߷ƺ͸߷ɷ̫ǿˣҲֻлԶܹԸˣ
ͬǸոŵģôô󣡡
۷׷ףȴûһ˿óƷƷȻҲʮӵ֮һȴǹϵһϾֻǽ𵤾ΪֻǳΪӵӾѾ㹻ˣλܹи
е˼
߷ƺ͸߷ɷ໥һۡ
ɲǼ䣬ԭֻԽ໥Թ˲䱬ˣϵķݷ̿ʼݺᣬֱ˵ܱߵһŵķ籩
һŽķ籩Ȼ˵Χûһǰɢ֪˶ڷĿѾʲôĵزֱǾ׵ġ
ƷǴǰȥǸûпһ
ãСģ
ʱ򣬻ʷ̲סĿں
ȻƷţֱһŷ籩֮С
ȻţһĻˡ
ܹɽ˺ѿĿֲȻȫȫ޷˺Ʒ
еĽ·ǡôֱӷӶ˿ֱӴӳƷ֮ж˹ȥ
ǾͺǴһӰһ㣬ûа취ԳƷһǰв
˶ɴ۾ɵþʲô
˼ϾͷӦ˹Ʒ϶һֻǲ֪ʲôȻܹ˾˵һĻ
֪κһȫͬǾ÷֮Ϊ߼ֹʱ򣬶ͬƷǰ㼸ԼΪãеĽ޷˺ֺ
ԣ⣬ȷʵ棬ǹؼٶ̫ˣ
ʱԶһ֮Ӱ˵
֮УЩŵŵӸû˷Ĵڡ
һĻѾУֻ֣Ҳֽܳѵ߷ƺ͸߷ɷֵܡ
ֵΪ֪һ㣬޼ɵ
Ϊ֪֮еǰּٲˬҲ֣ڶˣ
ڵҲͬΪʮ֮һȻ
Ȼڵ˳Ʒı֣ҲɵΪ̫֮̾ˣ漴ͷӦ˹棬ܹزƷٶҲͬǿ磬ֻһ˸ѡ
ôܣ
߷ƣ߷ɷֵܲɵõɴ۾أԲţ˸û˿֣˵ĽֵķΧھҪֹ
ţǷ˵ǸԶҲ˵ֹ֮ȫˡ
ڣǵ֪߸ˣƷȻǵĽм䴩Խȥˡ
ȫȫǵ
Ƭ̼Ĺ򣬳ƷѾ߳˽ֵķ籩֮УֱŹµķȥ
أƷͣ˽Ųֻתһ˵Զأ
ɲǼ䣬ֳ˷ڣ
Ʒֻ赭дһ仰ȴͬһһݺݵĴ˵ϣֱӽ˵ˡ
˵ʲô߷ƣ߷ɷͬŭ


1670 ܸ߷
ֳ˶Ϊ֮ڣ
˵ǻԶأ
Ʒ˵
ҲҪ̫ˣ
ʱ߷ƼԼȫȫӣ̲סˣһڹŽ˲֣Ȼһ˲նһѤõĽճųƷն˹ȥ
ɣ
ʱЩѾŭյķڵӷ׷״ȵ
ʱ߷ƵĹѾɲǼס˳ƷҪƷ˺ѿ
ȴƷһ䣬ЩնĽ⣬ͳͳӸ˽ȥ
Щһ˲ͳͳƷ˽ȥʧ٣һ˲ͷ˸⡣
ǾֶôƷЦһҲˣ
ƷԾ׵ַȻЩͳͳץ˷飬ʱ׷׽к
Ҳˣ
͵ϮֻһС˶ѣ
Сǣ
۷׷ףʱ򣬸߷ҲڷӦ˹ղҲ̫⣬ȴƷһʱûסų֡
ʱҲѾʶڣ
ʲô֣ѵֶұϣʱһߣ߷ɷ翪˵
ƷһۣȻֱŹµȥһߣһ߻ҡҡͷֱǶ֪ߵغܺӵһ
˿ֱǳĳ
ҲǷڵĵӰɣѵһսûУڵĵӶ޵֮߷Ƹ˵
ȴƷֹס˽ŲȻתͷ˸߷˵Ǹ˭ȻļܵӣҾûǸᣡ
Ǹ˭
˱Ʒ˵ЦˣԭϲϲƷϣ˵һµġ
߷Ҳ࣬һʼĿ˵ļһѹûн˷ϡ
ǡ߷ɷԼֵܣȴƷİ˰˵ɣǰʲôʲôҶ°ܽûȤ
˶ʱоðɣûн֣ƷȻ͸˵°ֱܽд
֪ߵغĿСӣҸ߷ѵѵ㣡
ʱ߷ǰһһɫ˳ɢŵĽѹĪ
һϰɣ˼ҸʱͣûնƷ˵˰֣·Ҫȥһ
ۣ
˶ʱ̲סЦҲǵһ´ʶһʵ֮⣬ܽ˸
Ǹ߷ƣ߷ɷֵܣߣûнڵһڵӷڳƷУûгŴĸҪ
һ´Ĺͷʱ򣬾Ͳ֪㻹˵˵óĻˣ
߷ɷɫ࣬ĿĶס˳Ʒһں͸߷ƷǳƵĺɫϿ̻żΪӷӵĻƣƺһƣɢһ󵭵Ĺâ
Ͻģ˽͵궼ˣ
Ʒ˸˵
һ˲䣬߷ѾˣһβǸղţɲǼ䣬һ˸ֱսʸ˺ѿ߷ƾȻѾ˳Ʒǰ
âɲǼ䣬Ѿɱ˳ƷǰȻ͵һӣѾݺ䵽˳Ʒϡ
ʱ򣬳Ʒƺ˷Ӧһֱ̧֣Ƶסһâ
أ
˾ֻһâ䵽˳ƷϣȻǳƷƱը෴ģǽâʼըѳһѷ졣
һ޴ıը˾ֻһȻڳƷǰ棬һһ˿
Ƭ֮䣬Ѿͳͳ⣬Ʒʱֱ̯֣ЩץС
漴͵һ˳ȥ
㣡
ЩһƬƬƬʱȫԭҪĸ߷Ƶķȥ
߷ԭǴһشƷ֮ٲһ˽ƷٽһжƸۣϾʵǺ
˭֪ƷֱӽĽץ飬Ȼȫ˦˻
ʱ򣬸߷ҪѾˣЩƬȫĿռסˡ
أ
أ
أ
һ޴ĺЩֱӺ䵽ϣϴŵһڼֱ˿ϱը˿
ۣ
߷һѪ˳ȫ˲Ѫ죬嶼ҳ˺ü󶴣һһ˳ȥݺײ˵֮УγһƬѵĴ󶴡
һ˲䣬߷ƲҰܣ
˶ûзӦʱ򣬸߷ƾѾҰԼĽ֮¡
޻֮Ʒһжֵס
һʱ䣬һļž


1671 ˵װʲôأ
˶ŴͣĿɿڴĿǰһĻ
һĻ˵ֱ̫һ㣡
û˾ø߷ʧܣΪʵ̫ˣ
ʵϣղŽǸ߷ƾѾ˸̧ͷˣЩŵĵ֮УҲǿ˿龳ѡ
Ǹ߷ƺ͸߷ɷֵȴѾǿ龳ڵĴڣ
ʵ˵ֱѹĴڣ
ټʵͬɲĸ߷ɷ磬һӵϣֻҲõĶȥ
Ҳκεˣᱻȫˣ
˵һսܹһϣ˵֮д󲿷˺͸߷ƺ͸߷ɷʵԶֻһѡ
УֻлԶܹ֮࿹ĿֲڣԳƷʱȴ˲һ
һֱˣ
֪һĻǵжôľˣ
Ʒôôǿ
Ŀɿڴ˵ǳƷǿܹԽ𵤾ΪΪʮѡ֮һѾʮ־ˣ˵ڼɱ˸߷ˡ
ǿ߷ƵĹܶ˿в
ʲô书ԲǷڵ·
˰ԴƷĺԲǷڵѧ
ֻǷڲֹѧϾÿ˶ԼԼԵҲÿ˶ʺڵѧ
ΨкɰٴݲпܳΪʮţεĻҵ
˶ڳƷͷʮֵĸȤϾƷʵ̫ˣͷޱصĹ⻷ƫƫʵȴķɿ죬˶ɵΪ֮Ȼ
磡
߷ɷһ˫Ŀͨ죬ĿųƷȵ
߷ɷһ˲ˣΪȻ𱻳Ʒܵĸ߷ƻҪһΪ˵ġ
߷ɷ粻Ǹոտ龳ڣǸ߷Ѿ˿龳һʱˣʵ߷ɷ绹Ҫǿһ
һںɫĳһ˲նһĺڷ磬Щڷ֮вħͷĺХһħһħ
֮ǰܷڵĵӵʱ򣬸Ҳûʹóɴ˿ɼڵĵҲɵġ
ûЩڵӾѾͳͳܱˡڣܹоƷѲ£һֱþȫ
Щڷֱӽ񷶼Ťˣ·ҪضһƬħһħХ
ͬΪ龳ڵĸ֣ҲЩħԿ
ϾЩħ֮ħͷĺХһһСģܱЩħܵ޴ĳ
ƷôһˣҲһħ糯߹˹ֱ̧űһɨ˳ȥһͬҹ֮еһ磬˺ҹĻҲһħߵķ顣
Ȫ̤̤
Ʒֱʹ˻Ȫ̤߷ɷ͵һӷ֣Ʒ֪ʲôʱѾϷȻһż̤ȥ
ĻȪ֮Ľ˿֮ͬˮɽ֮ơ
ƷΪ͵ոʱȣֱͬնһɲǼ䣬ֱ̤ĻȪˮֱӽЩħ̤˷顣
ȻһֱӳŸ߷ɷ̤
߷ɷ˲͸оһɿµŰΧסûһǰܹѵĿռ䡣
һָоһǻȪģܹ㸲һжΪߵĹȵĿһš
ʲôѧôôǿƴˡ
ʱ򣬸߷ɷһȫķ˿ͼͳƷһ࿹⣬Ȼ֮һֱӳųƷȥħڰ֮еȻڰ֮ϳһ޴ޱȵħ硣
ɽͷôӴ
䣡
Ʒһźһ޴ޱȵħײһ𣬼һɲǼ䣬һ޴ޱȵħͱȳ˷飬ħͷҲҽű
ţƷһȥƲ䵽˸߷ɷϡ
أ
߷ɷһҽУ嵹˳ȥһھѪ̲ס˳ݺײ˵ϡ
ֻоȫµĹͷһ˲䱻Ʒ̤飬ҲΪΪ龳ڵĸ֣ޱȵǿ󣬻һˣѾˡ
ʱףΪʲôԼĸԳƷʱ˲һˡ
Ǹ̫ˣ෴ģƷ̫ǿˣ
֮ô
붯ȫޱȵʹۣĿĶס˳Ʒ˻Զ˭Ҳûϣ˭֪ɱȻͽֱش
ȻȴֻƷҡҡͷΪϧ˵û뵽ô˵װʲôأ
ۣ
߷ɷһѪȻֱһ˹ȥ


1672 ٸҴʴʣҴ
Ʒ߷ɷ˹ȥ
ЩڵĵӿһĻֻޱȵʹ죡
֮ǰֵܸİȫȫһڶ
ʱܶٿƷʱĿҲ˺ܶࡣ
֮ǰִżֵ⣡
ϾƷԽ𵤾ΪΪʮӵ֮һڳƷ˵ȻǰδеҫǶ˵ȴһ衣
ǾȻһ𵤾Ϯˣ˳гǵܺ޴֮⣬Ҳûбˡ
ڳƷΪǺݺݳһڶķϣǿƷĿȻҲ͵Ķˣ
󲿷˶ὫƷһ࣡
ƷҲѾڵϵֵܣֱŹµķȥ·ֻһΪСһ
Ҳúܶ˲ɵøпֵܽ˱ǽǣȴûκΰ취ܹԸ
ǶڳƷ˵ȴǾ֮Ͷѣϸһ£ղŵս֮УڳƷ˵ֻȷʵͣҲѲĶȥ
˶оޱȼֵֵܣԳƷʱȫȫ޻֮
أʱԶһݹ˹̧ͷһȴǻԶ˭ء
ԶϴżΪǿϢһԭϴŵӴս⣬ʱٿ˵˵ϵֵ֮󣬶ʱ
ܿǰղŷ
Զϵķһͨһ㣬۾¶˼ֺ֮ɫ
֪ƷҲڳƷǵһԽ𵤾ͳΪʮӵ֮ˣҲ顣
żԹעҲͽֻעˣ
ǰĿҲЩһͬͬڵӡ
ȻͬΪʮӵӣ˶֪ԶǸͬһεĴڡ
Զʵ֮죬Ҳǹھˣ
ĿֻЩѾ֮ˣ
֮ˣ
ŷ֣ԼƺЩСƷ
Ǹ߷ҲãǸ߷ɷҲãֻɨһ۱֪ȻǿȴԼĶ֡
һϣҲû˿ںƷȻ赭дĻˣҲ֤˳ƷҲǷͬһ㡣
϶к֪ܶĵƵĴڣ
뵽ɫ΢΢ݣ΢΢¶˼˷֮ɫ
Ѿ̫̫ûĸоˣ
ͬ˸ͲᲢۣ΢ܹᲢ۵˶ڡ
޵ʱ򣬾һּį
ҪĶνţҲĶ֣ϡ
עҪΪ洫ӣĿǳΪڵһˡ
֮ͬ˱˵ʵ̫ƽӹ
òһе˼ģ¶˼Ʋס˷ܣ
Ʒе˼
Զ¶˼Цݣ漴˸߷ƺ͸߷ɷֵܵǰݳ˵ҩˡ
˻Զĵҩţ˵ƺܿת϶мȻϾƣû뵽ԶȻԸơ
˵ĵҩȻһķƷȻܹô̵ʱ֮ڣѾָ۷塣
ԶôѪΪʲô
Щɻ
ΪʲôҪǣ߷ƺ͸߷ɷֱֵӿʵ
ûΪʲô˵˵ڲˣұһٽѵѵǣղѾˣܲ۸зϣںˣѾָˣٴһ٣Ͳ˵۸зˣԶ˵¶˼ЦݣЦݿ˵
̫
߷ƺ͸߷ɷֱֵܼ˲ŭڣƷǷҲˣʵʵİ˳ƷϣһǺ޻֮
ԶȻҲǷǵһзϣ
뵽̲סһӱˣպøղűƷܵŭȫ˳
ֵϵķȫ˳˶һ˲ɱˣֱ⳯ŻԶն
ԶֻƲƲ죬Ȼ̧֣˾;ķ֣߷ƺ͸߷ɷֵܻɵĽڴ˻Զʱֱһһıˣ޻֮
ԶϱŽһ⣬һޱҫۣڱһУһ˲䣬һֱӳ˳ȥ
أ
ء
޴ޱȵȴ߷ƺ͸߷ɷֵ˲䵹˳ȥ׷׵һѪ˿һƬѪ졣
ղűƷܵʱҲòĶȥ
Ҫ֣
ԶߵֵܵԱ˵ֻǸСʹһٸҴʴʣҴǣ


1673 ˭ǿ
ʱֳһƬ˷·һʶԶһ㣬֮ǰڻԶഫţҲֻǴŶѣڣǲһʻĻԶˡ
ǿЦõĿŻԶеͬ߷ƺ͸߷ɷֵˡ
װװһ룬װĺúõģǱ·ĳƷһ٣İ졣
ȻֱԶȺˣΪԶǰǣ˭֪ԶΪ˴һٲžǵġ
ٽǾֽ֮İ죡
һ㶼ˣеЦ
ɲǣޱ飬еЦ
ֵǳûɣ
⻪Զ̫ǿˣлҪӿ£ֱǹһǸ߷ƺ͸߷ɷֵܾͽǱƵ˼ް취ĵز˭֪ԻԶʱ򣬸޻֮
ģֻǻԶɣǳƷҲǲضã
۷׷ףʱѾŭȫЩͬⱻٵĸ߷ƺ͸߷ɷֵˡ
ǵ۽ת˳ƷͻԶϡ
ǳƷ·Ѹ߷ƺ͸߷ɷһ٣ǻԶ˾һ٣ʮװ¼
УصЩͬΪʮӵӵЩˣ֮ǰͷ־ԶͬΪʮӵ֮еĸֱ˻ܡ
ҼǳԵĲҰܣ
ֵԳƷͻԶʱ򣬼Ǻ޻֮͹ԳˣͬΪʮӵӵ֮УҲѾ˸֮֡
ԭ˲²ͬΪʮӵӣʵӦòŶԡ
ʵϣ˫սѾʼرһĲࡣ
ԶҲˣ˶֪飬Ȼ죬ȴԽܣ˵ԶǴתСر֮ͬиûе֡
˵ŵĻôԶЩ֮еţ֮е
δϣһĴڣδҲǷĻʳĸ߲㡣
ƷͲͬˣǿھǲɽ¶ˮľӵ˾˵ʵû֪ĸʲô
ʲôıõʲôĴУȻ˾ˣ
ˣ˭ǿһЩ
ʳ⡣
ڽ֮ǰֻ»ԥ˵ǻԶǿǸղſ˳ƷֵľƣҲѾô˵ˡ
ƷǿֲǵԺ֮С
֮ѾֵܣƱԶҲ˶٣Ϊµģ
˵߷ƺ͸߷ɷ˸ûа취Ӵ˵ĵߣʵƳ
һ֮УΪǿƵӦþˣ
˲ɵ̾һ֮ͬ츳֮ͨ˵νģΪΣֲǡ
ǶЩڼ֮˵̵ֱˡ
ǵĹâҲͬʱڸǣ
Զֻǿһ۸߷ƺ͸߷ɷֵܣ漴ֱӼŶݹ뿪
Ҳ׷ת뿪ʱǵĶѾˣڵҲβҰ
Ҳûʲôֿɿˡ
ͷһ֦Ʒʱ֪ԶˣѸ߷ƺ͸߷ɷֵܾ֮һ١
ֱ˹µ֮Уһ¼ĵӵǰ
ã֪񣬻ǽģӿһ۳Ʒɵ¶˼ֺõЦݡ
ϵóƷϵķŵӵʽֻһŵӶѣΪ׬ȡֲڹµ߼ְ
Щŵ˵ŵԴƫǣҪ㹻ԴĻͱҪϵΪָĹףпܡ
ģƷش˵ɨһ۹µʱµνһƬзӯ죬Ҳ֪жڽ񣬽иֲ֪ж٣Ӵĵ̴ʱһĿȻĿ
֪Ҫʲôأµӿ˵
ӵǸҴͷ
Ʒ˵
ʲô
µĵӶʱЩµÿʱÿ̶ǧѹţȻе񶼷ǳ˽⣬ӵȴͬ
ڴĻʳɼʮͥŭٸֽӣһ̥Ϊ
ӳ̶ȺͷĽɲѰ
֮ǰӴŵŵӺ;Ӣħɽ֮У㽫Щ𣬿νһ޴ĺ䶯
ЩħɽĸŵĵӼ㲻𣬽ҲˣӳȥģһɶûС
һʱˡ


1674 һҹ䴫
νֵķзʮŵĸ߲㶼ˣ½½洫ӺͳϽǰħɽҪնɱ
ȻֻһײĹµӶѣǶЩ鵹ǷǳϾǴǩȥģһЩ͵ҲûбǸˡ
ԭΪ񼴱㱻ɣӦҲĳһ洫ӳ֣ҲһӢӲпܡ
ǰ˿ֻһѰŵӶѣô
˵ɱ˹ӣͷˣʲôôƷʵ
ûУûУϲʦ֣
Ǹæ˵ɲܳƷɵģֻ֪һ㣬Ǿܹ˿ɲһˡ
ϾôʵǿŵӻоӢͳͳҲꪳɳˣƷܹ񣬾Ѿʮ־ˡ
Ҫ֤һ¹ӵͷʱǸæ˵
ƷֱӴ֮óһͷǵӺ˶һ£Ȼǹӡ
ǹµȻһ׺˲ɳ̶ȵİ취ҪƭǹµǸܵ飬ҼҲô
ƭµҲסΪµĹأǲܱƵġ
Ҳû˸Ҵأ
ҹµΪڼ֮һ֮Ӵ󣬸Ѱܹģ¿νǸƣ洫ҲŪ١
Ǹŵ𾪵ĿųƷȻ֪ƷӦòƭǵĿ˳Ʒó˹ӵͷʱ򣬻ޱȵ𾪡
Ѿ֤ˣӦþǹӵͷˣ
ŵӵ˵ͷ˵ӵĻӰͼΣҲļֶμˣͷһԽ龳֮ϵĴڣټϹµȨѾȷȷʵǹӵͷˡ
ʮ𾪣ƷȻˣ˺Ȼ֮¡
ȻˣǿԽ̥͢˰ɣƷ˵
ŵҡҡͷЦ˵ʦ֣һҪ㽱ģͬͥͬʱ´񣬲ֻǵίǷڣ̥ҲûǷڣͥУ
ҪȽӵͷϽȵ֮ͥȻὫ̥ģͥʦֻǿԷĵģҲò˶þͿԷˣŵӼ˵ʦȽֺϵʽʱ̥֮ͥǵһʱ͸͵סȥ
˵ţŵӲɵһڿˮɲģǴ˵е̥
ܹõһö̥һΪǣ֪ᱩǵʲôĵزܹԼ̥ǣҲһ¥
Ǹʱ˵ֻŵˣǳΪӢӣҲǴпܵģ
漴ͽ뷨ɨԺ֮УΪ֪עûκιϵҲ˿̰̥뷨
ֺɲŵܹеġ
Ʒŵӵ˵ɵõ˵ͷȻ˵ȻӣǺãҾͽҵϵʽˣʱ̥֮һʱ
Ǻãлʦǣʱŵ˵
ְ׬ȡҲЩͷˣ̫ƢŹֵʦʦˣÿһ˶ͨƫƫЩʦʦΪͷĶˣܶʱ
ǰƷǺ˵ˡ
ϵסַ֮󣬳ƷҲû˿ͣת뿪µ
̥һʱᵽֹͣ
ڳƷ뿪֮ûжãӵѾɵһڹµϴ˿
ʱһƬȻ
Щ죬ӵν۵Ľ㣡
ӵǿҲ˵սľѣЩûиȥмԸˣһ亹ֱĸо
Ҫǵʱһ嶯ֻ´ʱһܲˣͳͳҪڹӵϡ
ڣ񣬾Ȼˣ
˲ɵмȻ
˶𾪵ǣľȻΪĳŵ洫ӻĳϣһŵӡ
һʱ䣬Ϣ䴫ڣ˶Ȼˡ
Ʒ
ԭ˵İȻƷŵĵ֮ڷ֮Уȴʲô
ȴһҹ֮£Ϊ֪֡
ֻΪնɱˣйӣ
ƷĴҲ˵֮⣬һʱ䣬


1675 ƶ
ʮ꺮ʣһ֪
ǳƷľ
ڳƷ˵Խ𵤾ΪΪŵʮӵ֮һҲڷ֮΢еѡ
Ƕڴ󲿷ֵķڵ˵⣡
ÿһʱ䣬ҪմĵӽУ
ǻԶСѾ£Сʱ򣬾ѾǷ߲صעĿꡣ
ѰӵӣÿͻʮνӵӼڣټԭԼĵϵӣÿ궼һЩӵӡ
ڴ󲿷˵û˼ȥνӵӣ
ȻڣвʵʵļסոŵӵӣƷ
һеԴڹӣ
ܹնɱôһ洫ӣν֮ǰˣҲ벻Ӿˡ
Ͼ֮ǰŸոմϵħֱӿһѣشЩˡ
У⻹һΣյĴڣ洫ûа취ԸĴڡ
ȻͷѾͥˣֻҪͥˣôһö̥Ҳͽ·
νһս
ܿ죬һ˵˳ƷǼһ˶ѣʵϣʱĹӿǿƣʵѾǿ֮ĩ
Ͼ֮ǰŸոձԴشѾǿ֮ĩǷǳ飡
ƷֻǼһ˶ѣ
˵ʱ򣬶ʱ˾;úˣ
ͿʣҪȳƷնɱ˹˵Ҫ׵Ķˡ
ϾôƷӦö߱նɱӵʵֻǼ˸ˣǾͿˣ
֮£ڳƷעĿҲʱ˺ܶ࣬˿Ʒһ˴˵˶ѣ
ȻЩƷҲͣ·ѾĬ˵һ
ΨһԴģҲǻʷͻ
ֻôһլԺ֮ڣԻʷ˵
Ҳ˵ʷҡҡͷţÿЦ
ֻеʱֳ˲ŻõʱĹѾǿ֮ĩ
ʲôЦʱĹӿǽǼֱһնɱǳƷֽߵĻֻѾ֮ˡ
֪ʩչħɱ˵ľѪ˸ɸɾʵ˷νǿ֮ĩ˵
Ʒɲ⣬ǲ֪жصĵƣܽûҪãʱ򣬻˵ܳ־㣬˵㻹мֿأֻҪ䣬δسɴཻǼҲǺ£
ʷ˵ͷЩȻף⼸ѾЩӵܵıˡ
ƺھƷһҲ취Ըʷ
޷ҵ飬ҲûˣʦĿɽƺϵҲôУ˵Ҳһûᣬǻʼ洫вҲһλĴô붯һΣ
˵
ǻʼڴĻʳ֮ҲҴ壬ഫ಻ڷ֮еĵӵȻֻˡ
ʷ˵ôңҪϣ
ͬĵ˵ͷҲЩӵܵжسгرǶ˵ĶݵȻܿ죬Ǿͽû֮ء
ͬʱƷ֮У֮ϡ
һһž޴ʯ֮ϣɫֱ࣬ӽָ˷顣
ǷһȺ˾Ȼ˶ɱˣͳͳħɽ֮УǹҲǸȻһŵӸɱˣֱ洫Ӷˣ
һŭɶϵ޴ŭڴ֮Ҳܹ׵
ŲϵеŭֱҪֱΪɳȥĸֹ࣬ҪһƷֱ練ƣ˭֪Ȼˡ
ûɱ˵ȫûħɽ֮Уڣ֪ʲô顣
ҪɱĿƷӳô򵥣Ȼ˸©ɱ˹ӡ
ҲǸ;ƿݣҲһŵӵϣ
洫Ӹ߸ϹˣͨĵܹᲢ۵ģ
ɱ洫ӵģҲֻʹ洫ӣ
񻰾ȻӸˣ
ƷãΪÿܺãŰɣ
һ˵֮Ĺâɢɱ⣬ɱŴ˲֮кƽ˺üȵ¶ȡ


1676 뻪ԶĶԼ
һҹ֮󣬳ƷסΧҲ˲˫۾
Ȼڷڸ߲ĹעѾʼˣ
ڳƷ˵Щ·Ǹνһ㣬벻⣡
Ϊ֪ĺЩ˵жôĹע˵ףҪʵΡ
ʵУֻ΢Ϊ֮Ŀ
ڳƷ˹ӵ֮죬һ죬һ˵ĵʱ˵Ŀ
ڳƷסլεĸߣʱ׷ֵĿˡ
⻪ԶôˣĪǴƷһսô
пܣ֮ǰ߷ƣ߷ɷֵŰʱҲܹǣ˵ƷʵҲͬǲСģ֮ͬ뻪Զ棬ҲǳƷˣ
ҿҲǣԶܾܿǼϲˣ
˷׷ײ²˵
Ƕ²⣬أլԺ֮ڣ˳Ʒʵ
ȻˣǾͽɣ
ԶֻǵһЦȻլԺ֮С
ʱլԺеĽһ˵ĸ֪û֪ԶĿľΪΡ
Щ˸ϣԶһӱͳƷսýնɱ
ţʧԶӭƷӺԺ˳ǰһӱֶȴǱˣǻԶ
ԶɫȻȻЩ׵һȤûС
Զ´һƷ֮¶־â˲ֱӳˡ
䣡
ɲǼ䣬·ر˺ѿһԶһֻ˺һУųƷ˹ȥ
ƷķӦ죬ֱһȭס˺ѹһֻ֡
أ
ֲನɢҪլԺڵĽĲϻζ
һֱȴϢĸ߸еɵۣһԲϾҪֵĴ㰡Щ۵־ϲӵ顣
ûж⣡լԺ֮УԶһ֣ͣĿųƷ
֪ȻѾˣƷɨһۻԶ˵ӸղŻԶһ֮иоǿҵս⣬ȷʵ绪Զ˵ûж⣬Ҳɱ⡣
ԳƷԸ㵽Ϊֹձһݵľ档
ʲô˿õӵӣڳƷ˵ûκ壬ۣ֮
ԶڳƷĻ¶˼ζ飬˵֮ͬУ㻹ͷһܹסһеˣ
ֻ˵ʶˣƷȻ˵Ժ֮еʵļ䣬Ҳ֪پž֮
ÿһ켶
Զڱ˿Ȼʮ˵ãѵһĸǴţڳƷ˵ȴǾˡ
ô˵ɣԶҡҡͷ¶˼ְȻȻûƷĻϣּôܶʤĻʳҪһƽʢ
Żеģ
֪Ʒ˵ǳŴʱڣ෢չ˼ȷٵĲΣ֮֮ͬ꣬еŸʤ
ʲʱкܶʱڲѷɫͬʱڵĻߣƾžޡ
ʲô˵ɣӦòİɣƷ˵
ȻµģôûȤҴģһεŵӴȣ˭ܶڣԶ˵
ƷɨһۻԶû뵽Զ˵ľȻ顣
ÿ궼һŵӵĴȣʵϣĵӵĴҲһֱûֹͣ
һҪӪŵľķΧ
ʤͨһУÿȵĽЩŵӴߡ
ѶҲģ
ڷ֮У龳¶ŵӣ龳Ϳ龳ŵӣڿ龳֮ϵĶ龳Ǵ˵еľӢӡ
龳ֲμŵӵĴȣǲŵӵľСˡ
ʵϣÿ궼ܴĻʳ֮ѡγŵӣԼģνߣ£ľ֪
ŵӴܹڣô֮࣬ӹɣܹһ̥ǣйٴѹԼΪ붴龳ΪΪŵھ
һŵĵӸѡμִȣΪ϶Ǹϵʤʵġ
Щϵ츳֮£֮ܵԴŵĵܱȵġ
ֱӴŵĵӺ޻֮ĸ߷ƣ߷ɷֵսǷŵϵӵĻ·ַӾͻᱻͷеܹǡ
һ˵֮еٮٮ߲ŸҲμĴȣҲ˵ܹڣǸܵ顣
żĵӶѶڡ
⻪ԶҪ˭ܶڣ·ھ֮һ㣬һȥֻ˶Ҫɵۡ


1677 ѣһ
Զ˵ţмԾԾԵ飬̫ûܹһϸµ֮ͬˡ
ľֶǱҪʮ꣬ʮ꣬ʮ֡
ǻᾭǱѷ֣˵ͬˣܵסһж
ƷͬղһȻʮɵҲг߳ɵȴƷ׾ٵĸסˡ
֪ƷҲͬеδصͬǿΪ֮Ŀĵز
Щ־ڵʦˣֻҪждˣƷ΢΢һЦŻԶ˵
ΣһڵУֻе˼߽µµΪ֮ΪǣԶ˵ЩϵǾ͸ʲôˣȹѣԼϣûʲô˲ģ
ԶȻûнЩϵӷϣϵӻµӣ˵ԼҲûκġ
ΪĿȷǳΪڵΪĻʳһžǿ
Щ·ϵİʯż̸ϣֻҪʱУͳͳԳԽѹ
ΨгƷʼնһɲĸо
˭˵ŵĵӲܶڣҾƫƫааʱ䣬ŵӴȲŻῪʼʱ㹻ˣôҪҪһϸ£Զ˵
ʱ˵ǵָһӼģǶ˵㹻ıܶܶˡ
Ʒüͷ΢漴չüͷ˵˵ģȷʵе˼ŵĵӶʲôأ
ǺãԼˣͺúɣʧΪҿ϶ܹЦ֮ˣҵʱһζѣ
Զֶ֮͸¶һǰδеš
ʲôŵĵӣʲôŵĵӣûκηֱվԾԵʵ˵ģν
ҲҪ˵֮ǰɲҪˣȻ̫ѿˣ
Ʒ˵
Ҿ͸ˣ
Զֱתͷ뿪ˡ
ڳƷ˵ԶҲомѪڣ֪ҪڶʱܹǬԪᲢۣ벻ڵࡣ
ֻбֳ㹻ļֵпܵõŵ
֮ŵӴôѣһˣ
Ʒս˫ȭ˵
¶˾֮󣬳ƷֱӿеĽ󷨣ȻֱӽɽͼĿռ֮Уʼչе״̬
ԶƷĶԼҲֱӴ˿ƷȻûг˵ǻԶȴɻ̸飬νһĵҲû˿ļɵ·һ
Լһʱ
ŵĵӲμŵӴȣⲢ֣ŵĵеٮٮ߲μŵӴȣ
Ǹڻ˽׶ξͺҪڵģȴǰδе飡
кܶΪԼˣһֱȷʵ֮˲䣬ͳͳȻˡ
ֱǵ죡
Ȼ˵֮УѾǳ͵ĴˣҲֻǺԼͬȣЩ˲֪ϵ࿹⣬Ƿˡ
̫ˣѵΪŵӶŵĵ֮ڶô
֪ߵغһ˲аȻ˿Դ֮
˷׷ҡͷƺԴ൱Ĳм
ǵУԶδлΪ洫ӣߵߵλãڵĻǻǸǿ
е˼̫˼ˣѾȲ֪ߵغСһݺݵһѵˣ
ҲĦȭҪѵѵ֪ߵغ֮
ȷʵΪͬгĿˣҵм䲻֪жٵͬгĴأ
ǻԶҲˣ˵飬дصѪһʵɲ⣬ǺƿֱӣǳƷ˭
˶ֻ˽⵽һЩƷϣԽ𵤾ΪʮӵӣȻϾžޣĸУǸûκ塣
κز˵Ŷûκ壬ֻЦЦá
ƷݣϿ׽ڵĴУ׽Ȼû䣬ǵҲʮһȻֻһЩƸϣҲǼΪ˲õˣ
ģһ֮˿ֵСȦ֮еȶԽ˳ƷͻԶҪڵ顣
һʱ䣬ЩٿƷ֮ж̰ɫ·ǲһˣһƶı⡣


1678 ͻƣ龳
˵κǲܴģ⿿ޣǾˮĥˡ
౾޵ģڴĻʳ֮УϰĻ֮У˾Ҳٶѡ
ʵϣ׽⣡
˶ȿֺľ֮ǰһѰеľҲ⡣
ȻҲУʵϣ˵ȻǷǳٵģҲ˽ֵ
֮У֮ɷԴ֮⣬ǸǸĹؼڡ
ЩĻʳĴǣһмʮֻһЩ֪ģѾǷǳ˼ˡ
£ûʲôոݵĳƷͳ˺ܶзǳõӶ
˴ϳƷҲʼԽԽࡣ
ǵ׽ڿǲѷɫڵķڣȻ˹ɽţƸӶһգֻһСֲƸڸ˵Ҳһ֡
˶û뵽ǣȻֻܲѣȴҲܲĲ࣬׽¸˸׽ڵĺ֣ȷʵ䵽˳Ʒϡ
ȻƷĵֺֹһѣ
һɷ糱ĲϹѾԽԽŵеǿע⵽˳Ʒ
ֻһ˺ˣõһưܴжѣȻҲôţ
ȵμŵӴȣ֪ˣ
ȻǻԶųģǶ˵Ʒ뻪Զ˲ûʲôֱ𣬶һ޶ĿԴ
ЩԣƷ벻⣬ӼԼĴ㡣
ԲԶҡֺȻҪμŵӴȣǾҪóӡ
ոͻ龳ڣĸûвȣ෴ģĸޱȵι̣ʱȫȫ͹˳
ԹӺħľѪЧԽ֮ǰκһö
һֱһöҲȫ죬ƷԥĿʼͻơ
ɽͼ֮еĸ߿֮ϣƷĬĬһСء
ԶҩɽķһĹâƷһܿͽһö˽ȥ
ʱɲǼ䣬һö˹ӿȫеÿһϸ֮УܹоȫÿһϸڻȸԾ
ڽһָߵȼϴ
ͬʱƷҲʼת˻ʼԴԴϵĿʼ龳ڡ
Ժ֮УɢŵĹâ֮Уһģʵļͬһһļ䱻ֹڵʼ֮еͳͳʼ⣬ա
֮ǰƷУȻеʵļ䣬Ǻܶ඼ֱ֪ȴ֪̣֪Ȼ֪Ȼ
ǹˣƷֱһµĵǾԲĿġ
İʼ֮еЩȫȫԼĶ
ͬʱ龳ҲһͻͽĽȻ֮䣬ܹ֪ߡ
ĮĳЩΧ˾ռߵ飬ʱ˵
һȫµ״̬ȥ֪Ҫ˵۾Ҫ֪龳Ȼǿʼһ磬ȻʵϣȴֻǸոտʼѡ
ֻģģܹ֪һǰķǳƷĸоǾȻܵġ
ҲΨӵеʼĳƷվһݽ겵״̬£龳ľпܡ
䣡
Ҳ֪ȥ˶ã֮еĳƷ״̬֮˳ȴǲ֪ʲôʱѾͻˡ
龳ڣ뵽龳ڣ
սǴӿ龳ڣֱƵ˿龳۷壡
ʵŵ֮УҲǿˡ
ƷŲ£ЧʿǾף
ʲôͻͽͻͽ
״̬еͻƣƷûһ˿һĸȣһж˵˳¡
ڵķۻ˺ü
˿龳۷ĸ֣ҲȻԱ
Ʒڵʼ֮м̫ţͻٶȻ⣡
ȵķƷһ
ڻĸµʱ䣬һͻƵ龳۷壡Ʒʱ䣬һͻµʱ䣬ŵӴȻĸµʱ䣬ٽһ
֮Ҫͻƣ̥һѡ̥ڶʱڸΣֱӳӢӵ֮С
ǾԵеɱţˣ
ʣµİ취ҲΨһǾǽ֮ǰӹеõħ֮ƳħԴһ


1679 ʮɷ
ҪħҪĸҩĿǲ٣һЩڳƷıҩɽ֮оС
кܶҩҪطչ
ҪĲƸ൱Ƶģ
ڿĹµϹչЩҩĵñ˰æԼȥȡҩģЧͺõĶˡƷǮĻĻʳյ֮ж
ǹӵǴĻʳ´
ҪĲƸҲóƷһҹ֮Ʋ
Ļʳ֮õʯѾƷʯˣֻͨɢޣ޻ĲŻƷʯΪ֮á
ʮ˵ǵĵҲҪʹƷʯΪá
ƷʯƷʯҲĶһҲѾﵽ˾˵һһ
ΪûжʹƷʯ
Ʒʯ֮л൱ʣͱƷʯҪ̫ˣЧʻǼֵϣԶԶ硣
ƷȫĲƸҲֻһƷʯѡ
ȻЩ£
£ƷѾо˲Ƹ׽⡣
£ƷȻܼӱչȥ
;ʼȡ
ܿ죬Ʒڹµ֮Уѡһɱ
׷ɱܵʮɷ
Ʒɨһ񣬷úȡΪʮɷǴĻʳ֮һɵĺˡ
νﰸۣ
Ϊ˶ͥŵ׷ɱʮɷѾܵ˷ڸһ֮С
ȻʮɷڵڵķݣĻͲѣˡ
ǷڵĺĸڣҲԴ˶˵ڽ￴ޱȵأʱʱ̶̿ķڵĵѲڷݵĸأһֺˣһʱͻɱ
һɱ˵һڵĵӣҲϾڶ
ŵӽ˵ģŵӳ֣ŵӽ˵ľ洫ӳ֣洫ӽ˵ģ̫ϳϣ
ûһаܹڷ֮档
Ҳڷݸļݿ֮ܣҲһѵõԴ֮ء
ʮɷһɺˣֱʮФΪеȴʮ֮¡
ƼʵдˣɾӢӳ֣ŵӳ֡
Ϊʮɷ֮Уȫǿ龳ĸ֣˵ʮɷϴɷǸѾﵽ˶龳ĸ֡
һŵֵܹ˵ģ
ʵϣ֮ǰѾ˺üŵҪնɱʮɷͳͳʧˣɴ˿ɼеѶˡ
ΪʮɷŰڸ߲ŭָһ洫Գֲʮɷ
ϾȻڷ֮УǾڷΧ;ڷʲôء
ƷǿҲͽ
Ǹµֻǿһ۳ƷȥıӰɵ˵ѵѾôʺ񣡡
Ϊնɱ˹ӣ;ԼʵѾ޵Ҳһ
Ա˿˵
أԹ˿ͷ֪ˣΪʲôƼӢȥˣ
Ʒ֪ЩµĵαԼģֱֱӳʮɷķȥڵ鱨Ƿǳġ
ܿ죬ƷѾҵʮɷڣܿ죬Ʒ͸ˣΪʲôʮɷܹôöûˡ
ԭǵϳȻһռ֮УռȻһۣǶڷ֮УֻҪȥܹǵڡ
ټʮɷҲʵ¼ĵǴĸֻ֣Щͨƽ֡
ΪˣôĻʳޱŭΪĻʳĸЩƽû֪Щȥƽ֮УǲǾһδܿ˸š
˶ڴĻʳ˵¾ƽѰ֮ĶҪŭɶ
飬ͳͳһɱ⡣
ʮɷȻصĺܺãȴҲƷ۾ƷɲǼ䣬Ѿҵ˽󷨵ڡ
ܿ죬;ֱǱ֮УſһĻʱŭ˿
֮ϣԿ㵹Ѫ֮еòŮʮɷЩŮץвЩŮɲֱӱɸʬ
ǵΪҲ£ٵĽչţЩÿһι״ʮֵĹŹ֡
ƷһȥгǧòĴŮǲɲ
ƷĿ˵
ʲôˣƷͻȻ֣Ҳʮɷע⡣


1680 ƽħ
ʮɷæŲû뵽ԼΪΪصİصĿռ֮УȻˣҾȻûһǰס
Ҫ֪һҪУҲҪƻľõĽ磬ĻǾʱ䷴Ӧڱһֲ
ȻȴûгƷֱֿӶϤǸֽ֮ˣǲµĽڳƷǰ˿ܶûУƬ֮䣬Ѿƽ˸ɸɾ
ڵŵӣһ֪ߵغļһ
ʱһüۣһֻһ͵һӣ˳ֱӳųƷץ˹ȥ
ԷڵŵǸû˿η壬ѾӸղžȻƷͻ뵽ľ֮лعˡ
Ȼ΢Ӧȴ֪ʲôʱ򣬳ƷһץסĲ
ٶȿĺһɫ磬ڳƷǰȴ̫ˣһֹعǰˣ󵶵ĸо
ʮɷеɷʱɷϵ
Ʒƺһ㣬ĽĲסãһȻˣһͷԼĪδС󣬲ϵķΪҵĽ
ƷĿ֮¶˼飬һɷȻһޡ
Ҳϵ֮еһֻ֣ǷǳصһЩ޽һЩֵѪԼѪ֮УýЩֵ
էһͳƷںϳģʽ࣬Ȼʵϣȴһһأͬն
ƷֻǽóЩѾԼĸ˲˹
ҵ֣
Ʒһ漴ֱӱһŻ棬ǳı棬Ȼڳʱ״̬ͬҲԽһͷɷֱճ˻ҽ
ɷ
ʱһͬһͷԳһ˹޴צϳ˽ëһ˲ҪƷץ롣

Ǻܿ;ֵķ֣һצӣȻץһ֮һ㣬á
˲
Ʒһһȭջ˾޴İ˲˲Ϊһ壬һ˲˺ɷؿڡ
أ
һͷɷؿڱȥ˵˳ȥϾͶҲˣѾƷȭ˷顣
Щʮɷ֮Уɷʵģֻп龳ڵΪɷǿһЩҲǿ龳ڶѡ
ЩʮɷҲ㲻ϷǳǿʮͬʱжϣһŵֻײͷѪԸĴڡ
ƫƫ˳Ʒĳˣһƾܺһ
ʱʮɷ֮У죬ɷʱɫһӱˣǶ̫С˳ƷƷϵϢ龳ѣǶƷϡ
ֻΪĸͷԷȵķŵбɱ
Ǽʵ̫ˣΪ档
Ȼǲŷ֣Լˣ
֣һϣ
ɷһʱ˶һӱȫȫѾһͷһͷޣˣȫ˳
ɷһȴһֻǣ㣬ȻһͷڻԵľ
ϢЩʮɷ֮ΪֲģֱӴﵽ˶龳ĳ̶ȡ
ãһȺħ֣Ҳɨɾ
Ʒһû˿ĺ£һԾϣֱӻһͷ޴ޱȵĳꡣ
ǳֲϢɢʮɷ޵Ѫʱһɪɪĸоεѹ
վʳ˵Ŀֲڵľʧ֮顣
ʮɷеɷʱҲƲסԼڲȻ֮Уνٮٮеٮٮߡ
ǳΪʳھԼУܲô
ֿ־ڹѪģԺͳ궷һѪҵ˳ֱ꣬·һ
ʮɷŵİʱ򣬳ƷˣǾ޴ͬСɽһضɽҡȴѸͬһ㡣
Ӧɷţɷɷֱӱ˺˿
ЩʮɷҲǿ龳۷壬Ʒ֮սֱӳ˶龳
ɷɱҲʣµʮɷһӶӦ˹׷׳ųƷ˹
δöƷƷͷɽӶǵĹ䵽ɽӶϸû˿ôֱӻΪС
ǳƷĳȴֺֿݣֱһƾһͷɷ
ԶԶȥһͷڵƽ¼ħ֡


1681 
ʮɷ޵ķţѾԼ˲˹죬һҲˡ
Ǵʱ˳Ʒĳ꣬Ǿ·һˣ˿ǣ
ҾͲ㻹ֶܼã
ɷųƷʱڣɱֵܣʱ۾ͨˣŭһӱ˿
ҲܹóƷǾ߱Ĳ߼ıţֻǿսһַš
о޴ĺ֢˲˹ʱ۾Ѫ죬˶ٿ֪࣬˶䣬Լ֡
ЩŵĵӣֻһŵӾȻܹ˾ͨţƾʲôƾʲô
ŭգ֮
ɷƷֱŵǷڴķţʡ
Щŵĵռ̫̫ˣɢаħܹᲢ۵ġ
ɱǴ´ˣ
ƷЦһ޴צֱӽɷһ˵ϣһȻֱӽɷ룬ɷţǺܿ컹Ǿ
˵ţƷչ˷ɱ¾ЩʮɷϳƷٶȣƬ֮䣬ͱɱ¾ĸɸɾ
ҪǳƷɱ¾ٶʵ̫ˣһоɱһԳǿƣʮɷǲãѪ֮еѹƷˡ
վʳ˵ĿֲڣϸЩǳʳϵʳ֪еѹƵжôľˡ
ܿ죬ֻʣһɷɷŭɶٶȸϳƷٶȣȻżҲܹ򵽳ƷǴɽӶϣûκô
ֱӾͱɽӶΪУ
ͣ
ɷһ绢Х
Ʒֱͣӿɷ¶˼Ц˵ҪżϾֵˣ
ɷųƷĳȻֱֱӴһװ˲ȭ
أ
ɷֱһӺ˳ȥȫȾѪۼѣޱȵҡ
ֻһѣɷ֪ΪʲôʮɷڳƷǰ˲һˣΪȷʵһϵĴڡ
ʮɷ龳ﲻô赲ס˺ŵĳƷ
֪ƷΪʲôǿ󣬵ȴԸʹ˷֪ƷܳñҪԳŵƷıΪֹ
ǳƷôܸᣬ޴ֱߵ˰֮УȻһż̤
Ȫ̤
һֱ̤ӻĻȪˮͬˮϮ֮Ƴɷһӷӿ
أ
ɷոҪͱֱһż̤˵ϣֱײһ󶴡
ȫĹͷˣǰ˲ȭǻȪ̤ɷܹӵĿֲѧ
ѧɷѧһ
Ҳģ
ɷҪȴһճ֣һ˸ĹâһӾͽɷͷ­ն
ɷ޴ޱȵͷ˫ĿţأԲţССŵӾȻôֲǸͨѧۻңֱ۾
֪ˣͲѡܵڵĸˣ
նɱɷ֮󣬳ƷֱӱΣȫˮʪҲǼģ֮ǰһαĵҪСĶˡ
ʵǿҲࡣ
ȻǳƷһŵƣвױ¶ǰ
Ϊĵ̫ˣڱ˲֪£Դһֲ˶ϤôͿܱԡ
ƷЩѾ»Ϊεʮɷͷ­ͳͳΪƾ֤һѴճ˻ҽ
ħҲܴ֮лΪС
֮󣬳Ʒܿͷ˷Ĺµ
ǸӴƷӣƷ뿪˲һֻˣʱΪԼ˵ˣƷ϶֮ǰκε飬֪Ѷˡ
Ͼһʱ䣬ںܶ˵ܹҪҵʮɷͲˡ
ôʦǴôĽӴҲҵƷ
ģ
Ʒֱӳʮɷͷ˵
ʲô񣿡ǸӴӶʱȻĿųƷķӦǺܿģϾʹЩͷȥ֤ˡ
һʹ֤ˣȻʮɷͷȻĿųƷ
ŵӢӶδܹ顣
ʦ֣Ѿ֤ϣһǧƷʯ
ӴæһǬǬ֮оͷһǧƷʯ
ƷǬָ֮Źϣ˵ҽǸ񣬻Ǹ񣡡


1682 £Բ
µʱҴŶ
Ĺµ⣬һӰ˽ʱ˹µӴӵע⡣
׷ɱɽϹֵѾˣ
ƷߵһӴӵǰ˵漴һĿͷ­ȥ
Ǹ΢һ£Ȼæ˵õģϸȥʵ
ʱ˶˹µʱ䣬óƷ𹦵µ֮УΪһˣ̶µʱ䣬һϰټ
ƽһҪһֱѰŵӼɵ
νǲѣһˣ
ԭкܶ˲ʶôһŵӣǾһ֮˶֪ˣŵ֮Уһ
кֹܶŵȥɵģΪ漰˶龳ĸ֣һ㶼ɾӢǰɡ
ǳƷʵ֤ЩҲͳͳƷˡ
֪Щ˵Щ龿жôˣ
˲ȫͳƣ֮УƷʹӸֱ֮׬ȡ˳ʮӶ𣬿νһҹˡ
ʮƷʯŵ˵ѾǲĲƸŵ˵ҲǺܴһǮ
ǶھӢ˵ôһƷʯҲĿ࿴ˡ
һʱ䣬ڳƷĸϢҲһϣ˶۹ڳƷ飬ΪƷ飬˻˹µеı׼ΪܶдŲŵӽӵʵŵӵʵǿɵġ
ŹµϵͳģкܶƵŵӣҲǳƷ˳ĽһӢӼ񣬽ʾȴǸͲ߱ܶӶûӻֱӸ֮С
úܶˣ˶ˣǹµϵͳ⣬ǳƷ϶رļɡ
ÿǶҲκ֤֧ţƴ̫ɾˣһڶûУǴͷβ֪ƷӵɽӶټϱν
Щ׷ɱ֮ˣҲΪľȻͱһ֡
ҲΪʲôٶôԭ
϶ڷڸݿɸ׷ɱҲԶЧʼߣ˷Ӧ
ܿ죬ǸӴӾѾ֤ȻһǬƷ
ʦ֣ǧƷʯɱɽϹֵĽ
ã
Ʒ˵ͷȻֱǧƷʯ
ڳܶŵӣŵӣɵ¶˼Ľ飬˵УƷν۲Ƶĵˡ
ǲ֪ʱƷĿڴпǿտҲˣΪȻ׬ȡʯ죬ǻˮһ㣬쵽˼¡
еƷʯ׬֣Ѿ˳ȥҪôչħҩģҪôãάֱҩɽתĳɳȵȣҪķѴƷʯ
ʵڣǧƷʯҲʣʲôˣ
úֵܶǣ֮󣬾ȻûмһúܶЩȻ
ⲻгƷ󰡣
ʱýħƳˣ
Ʒ⣬µʱ֮УƷĽȡ񣬿ɲֻ׬ȡ˶ʮƷʯô򵥣Ƕĥ
ҲΪʲôôѡ׷ɱ͵񣬻Ƕ龳ĸ֡
˵ҲǸǳѵõľ飡
ֻս֮в򣬲ս֮иûа취ĵ
ѧڻͨɽӶʹҲҪǱٶڼӿ죬ʱҲ𲽵ǿԭʮңʮҡ
ڳĸʵĿƣ˾޴
ЩǻǮģ
£ľҲͱĥԲ龳ڵĴԲʱҲڵ˿ԸһʱˣŵӴҲֻµʱˡ
һεŵӴȵĹھҪˣǹھμҲûκ壡Ʒ⡣
µʱ䣬ȻǷƽ˾ʵϣµʱ˵Ƿӿڷ⣬֪˶ٴνɱ
ڳƷϿ׽ڵĴеϢȥ֮󣬾кܶۺˣ˲֣кܶͨϵֶͨҪҵƷ
ЩҲ֪󾿾ʲôһһ󲿷ֶƷɱв˻ͨϵĺˣñƷһ


1683 ħɣչؿ
ƷһϰٸУһС붼ַͨʽɵġ
ȻҲмΪǿĸ֣ƷҲԸ˵ĴڣƷʱҲѡ࿹⣬Ƕɽͼ֮С
ɽͼ֮УûܹĴڣȻͶȥˡ
µʱ䣬ƷľĥԲ
ڣڵҪջʱˣ
ƷԼլԺ֮Уɽͼ֮Уʱɽͼ֮УַͨʽչҩѾǶѻɽˡ
˹µϵͳƷԺɵĽԼҵµϣ˰Լɣһ
Ϊ֪ʱѾʸ֮ˣΪǸţֻ¶Լһ鷳
£ҪСĽһЩ
ħʧܣ
ɴֱȥ½½Ҳҩչ㹻ˡ
Ʒֱһ֣ٻɽӶ
ɽӶƯ˳ƷǰŶϹӷӵĻƣ֪˶ʱϴ
Ʒһӡʱһƾճ֣ǳƷĵ𣬻ɫѩɫһѩһһſɲѩ෴Ķ¶ȼߵĻ档
ΪزʦȻѰĻ
Ʒռ֮ħĲ裬ʼҩĽУһѣƷڵķѾһСˣֵά֣Ϊķæ̷һЩָõĵҩܿ죬͸оԼĲٶڿԺͷٶ൱ˣŷ
ƷҲһʹɽӶƵҩٶȼֱĲ֮ǰƷʹͨ¯ЧʻɽӶٷ֮һЧʡ
ԭħƿɲһС£ɽӶİƷ̫ˣһһҩıС
ʱһһĹȥһʱ䣬ƷҹݵķƣڣɽӶǴ򿪣һ˵ҩ
Ʒʱҩ֮Уֻоȫµë׶ſ
ֻоԼķڱľտ
ܿ죬ͿˣɽӶ֮УöħöħԼԼѰҩӣ෴ģħһֻԼԼܹӺ
ƷԴˣʲôСֵģƳĺܶ൤ҩҲ㣬Ѱĵҩӣʮ־˵ĴӵҩƳʼֱӿʼɽ٣Ҫ顣
ν֮֮㣬״ģεģľ״ĵҩƷڵʵļ֮жܶΣԴ˷ǳ
Ʒһöҩҩʧһöֱõϡ
˿ɽӶɵ棬ûɽӶҪħƳҪһµʱ䣬ڴˡ
ǵʳɵ֮ǰķ׽֮ǰɽӶΪŵıҪֶ֮һҲûɵġ
ƷֱûκԥֱӾͽħ̷ȥƷʱоһС˽Լ֮һûôֱӻ
תʼʼϵһöħڣħֱӻһɺֱӳ˳Ʒÿһϸ֮Уһɱڶֱӳ˳ƷԺ֮УΪյһ
Ҳ龳֮ΪѵһΪ龳֮ǰǺйϵģ龳ǺʹйϵҪһ̼ԣԵܹӵиһǿ
ͬʱҲǼΣյģ̫ˣһСģͿܱɰ׳ա
ھʱԺеɢ˵⣬һ˴֮УƷʱоԼ½һ״̬˺ƴһ֮״̬֮С
ʱųƷϵϵͻ龳ϷٵĶɹ
ͷһ֦
Ʒ壬֮ϡ
һɫ࣬µӵı棬չصʱ֮УĶûͣ
ǵ˵˳ƷȻҪ뿪ڵʱ򣬸ֲ֧ﰵﶼȥ˲ˣԭڵĵ֮⣬һЩλдĻʳͨϵ
ЩÿһԺգ죬Ƕһкϵ
˴˸ȡ裬ϾЩ޷Ҳ´ĻʳͻȻǣҲҪһȶϢ
һҲһЩ˵Ҫǳ֣Ϊˣ˫һļϣ໥Ҳһˡ
Щﰵȥĸ֣Ȼûκε˳Ʒǣµʱ䣬óƷϰٸ


1684 ǳƷ޻
Ҳ˵ƷȫĽϰٴηڣл˶ԳƷ׷ɱ
֪ƷôܹЩ˵׷ɱģһЩͨϵˣǾӢӶûа취Ըġ
ֻҪǾˣǽҲƷ䣬˵һЩʵһЩģֻҪţǱƷֱӴɱ˵³
һȺôС¶ãһŭյǾȻ˶ҲôһˣѵǶϹô
ʦ֣ѾȫȥˣǲôһǳƷľԷǳߣǵһʧˣ
ǸӿЦ˵
ƷͶһĵв٣Ҳвٵŵеĸ֣оӢӡ
Ӧ˵ǲȱ֣ڳƷ½½ɱ¾֮󣬾Ȼֽŵ
˵ʱ˶Ʒ̶Ѩˣֱȥ޻أѰŵӢȥˣڳƷС
ȻûȷϢЩʧٵĵӺͳƷйϵһҲˣôɵҲӦˣ϶˳ƷС
Ȼ֪ƷôģǺʣƷƷϵӵȫǾһħһһ׷ɱˡ
˶鵱ǿ£ҲûԸȥ
ӲƷһ˸ɱˣ
ܶ˲ôĪײΪµġ
һЩʱЩ٣ƷѲѾǳԤ֮ˡ
ԭҲûƷУֻһѣҪԵˣҪʵڳƷֻǡʱѡ
Ӷʧܣʼ˳Ʒ
һ֣ƷöԸٲ֣пʧء
˵Ĺϵֱӳ֣УƷ棬˲ȴӦˡ
ôƷҪ
һһ˫֮˸ž˵ɱ⣬·һͷʱ˶ɵһ
ȥ˽
һ˵
ǣ
Ӻܿȥˡ
Ƭ֮һĽ׳ݿʣԼĪŶʮģӻ˽
˼ʦ֣
Ӷһһ
ôˣһе׹⣬ϻ˼Цݣ˵
лʦֹģոճأ붴龳Ҳֻһ֮ңˣ˹˵
ôͶҵĵӵУ츳ҲһģһҲμŵӴȣһΣҪμŵӴȣһֱ˵
˵Ҳ¶˼־ϲӵ飬Ͷһ洫ӵ˲֪ж١
洫һǲͬϵͬСţδЩ洫ӵϸλлΪʱЩˣЩ洫ӵĻס
δҫͬǲ
˶һĻҲҲһεŵӴûвμӣһβͬΪѾﵽ˿龳Բľ磬붴龳Ҳֻһ֮ңˡ
һͻƵ龳ǾľӢӡ
ȻĳΪ˾Ӣӣһʱ򣬻һҷӢӺ洫ӵĲֱر
лʦ֣
æ˵
һ˵ͷ˵츳ôֹμأֻһΪԶȥμҲûʲô壬νѣһˣҪŶĿ࿴͵һڲпܣ
ʦֿ࣬û
æ̬ҳ˵
һЦЦ˵һμŵӴȣڹȻҪҪעһˣ˽гƷⲼթƻͬʱʵҪŵӴϣ
ˣһ£չаˣŸոձһгأһֱܻͻƵ龳ٳء
ԶʲôƷһ㶼֪ܹһô֣ԶԵģӦҲ򵥡
æ̬˵ˣʦַİɣȻоǵʦ֣ǾҲ˵ĵˣֻҪҿųȥ
˵ϳţ˵ģܻûаգŵӴȣ˵ֱ練ơ
֮ڣ޵еģӢӣѰŵһһһ˫һ˫
ܺãһ˵һڶɽʹ͸㣬ֻҪնˣô㣡
һ漴һָһ⣬û˵Ժ֮У˱Ŀ˺ܾãԺ֮һ˸ŹâɽĶɽ
лʦ֣ŵӴϣ˱ض߾ȫǳƷ޻أ


1685 龳۷
ʱһһĶɹͬ׾Թ϶
£һգۼ䣬һµʱɹɽͼĿռ֮УƷ۾
ϵϢﵽһִԲ״̬
̤龳۷Բһ״̬
̷һöħ֮ʵһ޴ķԾ
ҪǣڵҲﵽһȫµĵزֻսǾϵȱ
Ҳһֱ׷Ķ֮ȱΪҪľϣԵɻʣ׼ȷ˵Ӧһɵսȱֳɻǰ޵С
ǳƷȫģ
ľ龳۷ԲսҲһ˿龳۷塣
ʱƷûб仯ڲȴпֲѪȣѾﵽһ۷״̬
ŵӴȣ־ڱصã
Ʒ˵ŵӴ־ڱصãܵǰʲôˣ޷赲ס״̬
ɱ񣬷ɱ
ڿǵȴǱ飬ܹһ龳һ磬˵龳ֻԼԼ˽⵽һЩĺۼĻôʼ˽⣬˶飬Ǹˡ
ǸʱսԱȼЩӢӡ
ЩӢӲͬѰŵӣڷ֮емÿһսԶʤѰŵӡ
ҲǷսص֮ڷ֮кٿЩӵӰΪزľӢҪΪĻʳЧ
ҲǵĻʳʱ򣬸һͬµԼѰţŵӣӣǵ˾ӢӣҪΪĻʳЧ
ϾĻʳȶǸŵȶΪĻʳЧҲΪźĻʳЧ
Ҫô볯Ϊ٣Ҫôǵشս룬ڷ֮УӲǿȻ洫ӣȻŵӡ
Ϊһ㾫ӢӶиԵְأʮ궼طҲǳ¡
أլԺ֮дһ󳳳µ˳Ʒ˼·
ƷһŤͳɽͼĿռ֮У漴ͳլԺһ֮ϣ֪ʲôʱѾһĶݹ⡣
󲿷ֶǶ֮ǰΧ۵ĸźŵӡ
ǻһ°ɫ۵ˣͦΣֶ߸ϿųƷ
˳ƷüͷһȻ˵ǸƷô
ǺˣƷʵ
ҽպ꿴ųƷ
ԭôҲˣѵҲΪ˲μŵӴô
϶ˣ˵պǰʼĻʳڻع飬϶Ϊ˶ڶ
˵ĻȻΪ˶ڶǰѾǰʮǿˣһΣȻжڵĿԣ
˶ʱ۷׷ףкܶƵźŵӶŹպ顣
պʵͬѰǰһŵӴȵǰʮǿνǷǳǿᡣ
֮㿪ʼĻʳ֮ع飬ʵһӿˡ
ʱպȻδϢȴѾˣԶԶһŵӵĳ̶ȣ뾫ӢӶԶˡ
˸ףЩдҰģδҪΪ洫ӣһڿ龳ĸҪǲżֱͻƶ龳
ҪĥĥٴĥԼľϾȹ̣Ȼպˡ
һ붴龳Ļֻò˼Ϳ龳۷壬δ洫Ҳûϣ
ҾǳƷ
Ʒ˵
˵ǻԶ¶ԼҪ֮ڣպɨһ۳Ʒ˵

Ʒ˵ͷ
պ漴Цһ˵˲֪ߵغ񣬻ΪŵӴǹҼô˵ǵνӵӵݲɣܹʸھģĸǰӵӣ
ʲôϵôƷ䵭˵
ûϵͺйϵˣ˵õһö̥պ˵ʮƷʯң
ʮڿЦ˼Ҳ
ƷЦһ̥ļֵ˵ʮƷʯ˵ˣͺֱʲô
˵꣬Ʒֱת뿪
¶ɲ㣬Ϊһŵĵܹס̥Ȱ㻹ǳ罻ĻܵģպɫʱĿųƷ
ҲֻһŵӶѣҲ֪㱳󵽵ʲôˣҲֻһˣƷЦһ


1686 պ
Ʒƽ˵Ȼ֪ʱ̥Ҳ֪ж٣ǺܶྫӢӣ̥νǻܹþӢ̥ǣӳΪ洫ӵĻġ
Ƕ洫˵Ҳôģ֪ж˻
ֻ˶ڼɵˣͬʱҲǼɵ֮еĹأԲûֱӳųƷ֡
໥֮䱣һƽ״̬
ڣվ˰಻סˣպͳˣȻ棬ǳƷֻ֪һӶѣʵϣպΪҲֻŵӶѣŵ֮Ѿ۷壬ԾӢ洫ӣȴûôҲֻĳһĳ˵Ĵ˰ˡ
Щ˲棬պ棬ԳƷŻ˵պֻǱ˵һѡ
պʱԴŭ˷˿ͬһ㡣
һĹ幦һΪϡ
ɢֱӳųƷķϯȥ
ǵЩҪƷʱȴֱʧΣ޷ԳƷһǰ˺
ʱ򣬳Ʒתպôô
ʱ˻ȻƷĵ治һĴ󣬻ǣֻ¸ûкպԿ
ŵ֮УպĴڡ
ԸĻֻҪ̵ܶʱ䣬ͿԳΪӢӡ
պ˳Ʒ֮гһĮĶųƷһΣû֮ǰǰС˳Ʒˡ
ȻƷֻ龳ΪǽӳƷ׾ٵĽԼͲһŵӡ
ʮƷʯ۸ѾˣҪҪ
պЦ˵
ҪƷʱպ̬ȸЦˡ
˵ʱպʱһȳųƷ˽
ϣ֪ʲôʱѾһտɫĳֱ֣һտɫĳ˸ĹâȻ͵һӳųƷն
¡
һֲɫһӸ˳ȻһһȻһֱӳųƷ͵һնȥ
ǿֲĵ⼸Ҫض˵ɫһˡ
ÿµһֻһպ˵Ҳжȡǰʮʵ
ǰɲѾǰʮôһ̫ˣ
ǳŵһģһγŵһ̫ˣһβͬѰͷƺرĽһЩҲˣ׷Źᣡ
۷׷ףһ˵ŵӣŵ֮Уܹӵģ޼
ӵʵŵ֮ж˵ܹڣǰֻǰʮĳ̶ȣ֪ŵ֮ежٸ֣νǲԻ¼ˡ
ʱ򣬾˶ΪƷҪ䶨˵ʱȴƷɫȻֱһץ˳ȥ
Ʒ֮УȻֱץסһĲȻ͵һ
䣡
ڰ֮оͱķ飬޷ԳƷһǰӰ졣
һըˣһȻƷһ㶼ʣֱȥ
ֱպȫһƷɫ糣ֻЦſպ
ʱպӦƷʵԶԶоһӢһ
ˣ
ƷЦһֱһӡ
ɽӡ
Ⱨɽӡղ˳ȻγһɽӰţһɽӰͳպֱӺȥ
պʱ־ŭһںɫĳٶֱնһڿշ裬ӭһɽӶϡ
䣡
ɽһֻһ˲ѣͱѹ˸飬ըˣһ˿һֵס
ųƷһɽٶƲֱ䵽պϡ
أ
պʱһڱײ˳ȥһѪ˳Ѫգ񷶼ȾһƬѪꡣ
պԼݺײ˵ϣֱڵײһ޴Ĵ󶴡
պȾѪÿһƤֲľ˿ѪƤ֮͸˳ȫͷ֪˶٣ˡ
ֻǼ򵥵һɽӡѣȻֱӽһ˿õϣȡŵӴȹھĺѡֱӴˣá
ಫĻֻպˡ
˫һϣһɵۣҲˢ˳Ʒеӡ


1687 
򵥵һѣȴֲ˼£
ǱɽӡڳƷϣνǽŵ˼£
ǶֿɲѰŵӣŵ֮жž޴պڳƷϣһжֵס
ʱֳһƬѻȸ
ǿÿ£
̲ס˵
Ʒǿʲôز˿ʵ
ƷͻԶԼҪȡŵӵĹھ飬ڿֻ²ڿЦǲĴɣ
һ˳ƷͻԶ֮ǰǸԼʱûţ˵뷨Ҳպ֪࣬ߵغڴʴʰˡ
Ȼڿֻûô򵥣Ʒһֱ֣ʰպ
Ӧûûп龳ɣŰʱ䣬ʵȻزֱ£˵
Ʒ˿ˣֻǻԶҲ˶ٰɣ
뵽˻Զǿֻ´ʱĻԶӦҲԶŶԡ
ƷֻǿһպȻ󿪿˵˶ѣҲ֪
ƷպһѪ˳Ȼ󵱳˹ȥ
պϾڵˣȥƷѸײڶ֮Ƹʰˣ
ܶԳƷ˿в벻ĵط
һսĽҲںܶ˵Ĺ֮£ܿʹڡ
Щ־һŵӴ֮ˣ˶֪ˣŵ֮Уһ˲õ˲պ˶ɵùĿ࿴
Ȼ飬ǸƷŵĵôŵĵӶôô
ˣ֮ǰ˵ԶʵҲͻƣŵӴеˣϵӶռͷˣµҲܹˣ
Ʒֳʵ£
츳ǿʲôã֪һʦ֣Ҳ֪һʦ֣ʲô³ô
һʦ֣ǿ洫ӣʲô
۷׷ףƷҲãǻԶҲãЩƺںһûжκλӦһЩƵӵƣҲһ㡣
ڳƷ±չؿʼΪ׼̿龳ʱ
һѾ˳ƷڵլԺͷ
ȳƣʦ֣ʦֲ
ɣ
Ժڴ˳Ʒ˺ܿԺţںԺһӰһʯϣֻǾһɽĴǰһ㣬һֺ˵ѹȸС
ƷҲ˽Ųתͷ˹ȥȴһ޳ͦεӣֱ˳Ʒǰ
ݼʦ֣
ͱȳƷҪ󣬵ǻǺԥİݳƷΪʦ֣ϣʵΪ
ȳƣƷһ˵ν²¾ֱ˵ɣ
ǺãʦҲˬˣҾֱ˵ˣϣܹʦ£ΪʦЧȮ֮ͣ
ȳƵֱ˵ûκԥ
ƷʱЩȻΪҲû뵽ȳƵĿľȻ
˵˵ɣΪʲôҪҵ£˭֪һҪԸңʱҵ£վҵӪֻ»ᱻ԰ɣ
Ʒ
νʦֱֳ츳νǰţʦδɾͱضֻ洫ô򵥣ҵ׷ʦδҲվڸߵĸ߶ȣԶľɫȳƵ
ʦֲ֪ȻܶʦֵƲҺͳʦ̫һЩ˲ʦֻ֣ǵһŵİˣȳ٩٩̸˵
ƷɨһȳƣȳƵʵҲ൱Ѿ˿龳Ϊǿ龳ڣƷΪҪһ
ȻսĻƷһֶֻѹһٸ̶ֳȵߡ
ĵӣŵ֮ȻٮٮߣҲǰˡ
ƷЩȳΪʲôͻȻǰͶתһ룬˲ˣԭܼ򵥣ȳƿͷǼ֣
󲿷ΪһĹϵ޲úԼޣһЩ˲ƽҪһѡ
飬ʷҲеǣνһ˵õȮ졣
ƷɻڴЩ׷ߣȻôҲǼġ
ټķڣŵȻ˶һһµġ
㲻һôƷʵ
Ҳ£ףѩ̿ѵĶˣҾ֪ʦĹϵǳʦҲĿʦֶԸģôȳҲֱ˵Ҳоġ


1688 ŵӴȵķ
ȳ֮ǰȻҲģȻƷһԣǳΣգʵһܵ֡
ƷͬΪ洫ӵĿɽһв͵͡
ȻǺΣգȴǺʤ㣡
ƷЦЦĿȳһۣȻ˵ȻˣΪʲôҪأΪʲô
ȳƼƷʵ˵ϣæ˵سʦֵĻʦȻʵǿ󣬵Щ飬ܲȺȺҵȿΪʦɶˣΪʦִ̽鱨δʦֳΪ洫֮ҵҲ԰ʦֹɽ壬ҳʦһβμŵӴ֮سΪӢҲֻʱ⣬ʱҪͥ۴Ĵ䣬ҪԼЭô
ҪǣʦŴλҵȲΪʦƣҪǣ㹻Ҳǿ洫ӹϾǷټĵͳܲܽһֻ֪ϰɣ
ȳ˵ĺֱףƷȴǵ˵ͷΪȫ⣬ڵȫţֻһֻֻս
Щ洫ӶΣҲǿ˵ķǳҪһ֡
ȻҲһЩ˶Դ˸⣬һֻ;
ãܺãƷ˵ͷȳƣղȳ˵ʱһֱڶȳƿȷȳû˵ѡ
ԳƷڵĻҲֻ˵ȳƵݼʵ̫ˡ
ҲνΪȫţȳƾǰҲһ
ȳ˵ĻȷʵеҲȷʵҪһЩϵİˡ
ȻˣԺңպҷˣȻٲĺôƷ˵
лʦ֣ȳæ˵
Ʒ˵ţָһӣһöҩֱȳƵС
һöڿ龳ǷǳкôģӦ㹻ͻƵ龳ˣǼˣԺҰ£Ȼٲĺô
Ʒ˵Ҳ֮ǰħʱĲ֣ʵϣв٣ֻȻһĿ龳˵ЧǶЧȴʤˡ
ʱĹѰĿ龳֪Ҫǿ϶٣Ѱĵҩÿ˵ѾС
Ϊʹ͸δµģû뵽ôˣΪΪӢӲŻõϡ
Ȼħı߽ƵģǶѰŵ˵ȻǲɶõĺöˣֻǶڳƷ˵ôѡ
лʦ֣
ȳƶʱϲΪʲôôϲǿߣǵԼͷ­ΪЩŰ£Ϊܹõָĺô
Щźǿ߲ҪĶ©һ㣬˵ǲɶõĺöˡ
˵ڰ֮ǰʮİĻôڰ˷֮Ѿûʲôˣеİĥɾˡ
ԭĵطҲһǵţڷ֮Уּţνߣţš
Щ˲֮ӣЩ֮ȣǸܵġ
ʮľףЩеûģʵʵͶһΪ졣
ⲻ̾кôˣ
ûһöҪ뿿Լ龳ڣ뻹Ҫһʱ䣬ֻҪһ¾ͿԸһ
龳ŵ֮Ҳٮٮˣ
ҲǸոտʼѣ
պұضΪʦָǣȳæ˵
ƷЦЦ˵ҲҪΪҸھֻһ飬һŵӴȣ֪ЩҪעôڵʱҾãӦ˽ıҶһЩɣ˵һŵӴȺǰ࣬ǲǣ
ȳæ˵ͷ˵ŵӴȣҲֻѰĽһȴͬ˵һһʦ飬Ҫ˺üƷʯһ֮࣬һöɹһļƷ
ƷԱһԼ֪ģȷʵ˺üÿĹھҲֻжʮƷʯѣһϰ򣬿˵һʺˡ
ǷɹʲôƷʵ
ʦֿ֪ɹҷɷһϽĹʵÿʮһһÿһҲֻʮöɹ˵ֻбŵ̫ϳһܹܵõܹϴ裬˵ʣͬʱΪ˵ؽҲ֪ôĻóΪ


1689 һ£Ŵȿʼ
ƷҲǲ֪һεŵӴȣȻ֮ĺöһ˵ĿǰƷĶ
һεŵӴ־ڱصˣƷ۾˵һεŵӴȵĽͻȻôӦҲǺһйϵġ
飬ôƷʵ
ʵеģĳ洫ر𿴺õҪμŵӴȵĻǾͻָԤøӰһŵӴȵĽ
ȳƿųƷ˵
Ʒ΢΢һЦе˼ˣȳƵ˼ƺѾһϵǱˡ
洫Ӽĸ˵ŵӼĴȣǵע⣬Ÿ߲˵Ҳֻ΢עһ£ʵǻ벻⡣
ŵӺŵȻһŵĸȴҪжã֮֮ȥ
Ÿ߲Ϊ֮ĿҲǾӢϵĸ֣пܡ
Ÿ洫һֵĻᣡ
ƷҲѲµڸ߲ԴҲһֻ۱һֻۣ洫ĿŵԼ벻⡣
Ҳǿһ֡
κһηڵǹ¼ҹΣ䱳϶ĸ
ʱ洫ʦʦǲŵӴȣÿʱΪҵʱ򣡡ȳƵһʱ򲻶࣬Ϊ洫ʦʦ˵ŵӵĲ̫ˣرǿõֲܲ㼶ĴȣϾ֣ҲҪĲԴģ
Ʒʱˣⱳ϶иӵ潻ڸ߲ƾʲôóɹΪӦһЩ潻ġ
һŽŵӴȵĹھѾڶ˰ɡ
ȳƵĽ⣬ƷڷڵϵҲ˸֪һ֮ڷ֮Ҳиָϵ洫ӣ೤ϾһС͵ϵЩ˷ڵӴ
е˼ȻˣǽҾ͸ҪõھˣƷЦһ˵֪֪һһõ˭
سʦֵĻһһʦֿõˣʦ˵һ죬ǰţʼѣ˵ǰΪѾɲ⣬һβμŵӴȣֱָھֻѰĿ龳۷ŵҲδĶ֣һʦֳɾ洫ʱ䲻˼де˲Ų࣬еٮٮߣ
ȳƼ˵
Ҫȥ̽˵һЩѧͨ鱨ôȳʵ
Ʒҡҡͷ˵޷ʲôţͳͳڻ£һΣҾҪһ˷۱ʱֻҪúмɣʱȡΪһŵӴȡһóɼ
ǣ
ȳæ˵ƽһеļ飬ͶƷ£Ҳ˺ܾ֮ľ
ȻͶ˵£νѩ̿ĵƷǳ̲ѣһ˵ʱϷһ
ȵȳȥ֮󣬳Ʒּ۾һεĹھ־ڱصã˿ƷһˣֻгƷԼ֪ĵǬԪ
˼꣬ң
Ʒս˫ȭ漴ɿ˫ȭֱ֮۾˱չص״̬
ʱһһĹȥͬ׾Թ϶գ֮ʧӰ١
һºڵŵӴ֮գ

һ޴ޱȵ֮дһ󼱴ٵ˶֪һŵӴҪʼˡ
ڷλóһ޴ޱȵĽ⣬⻯һŻ
һŻͨһС͵İλ棬С͵İλһŵӴڵĳء
ڱռؼΪȻʵϣԶ濴Ҫʮϰٱ
ԷɽΪģһС͵λ棬ͨ
ڷ֮ежؾ֪
һΣ򿪵ľŵӴȵλ棬Ѿ׼ŵӷ׷̤һĶݹ⳯ŵķȥ
ͬʱ֮Ҳֳһ͵ĹĻĻСλȫλ龰
ͨЩĻŵӣŵӣӢӶܹһȵϾЩսɲʱضܹģŵӺЩμӵŵǣԹۿĦԼսͶս
һĶݹ֮ܲϣγĹ꣬ĻεΪ׳ۡ
ĻԶΧ۵ĵҲ׷׵λ


1690 Ⱥ
˵һΣ洫һԲ֣һεĹھֻҪ˵ˣЩֱֱˮȥ˺ü
Щ˱츳ͺܿˣټϸõ洫ӵʶһ洫Ӳ֣ھֻҲûˣ
۷׷ףõģȻˣΪҪ֪Ǳ츳Ϊɫһŵܹ洫࿴ġ
Щ˱츳ּΪɫ£ֱ洫ȫжô¸ӹɡ
ǰֻҪ˳֣ھͷǳټǲܵ顣
ѣһβμŵӴȾҪڣƵԿ
ƵʲôڵһһһǰʮλֻҲҪֱ䶯ǲ֪ŵгرôһԶ˵ʣΪͬѷ֣˶ԣһͿԽǰʮǳƷ֮ǰոջպǿ֮ǰĳһǰʮһΪҲɲ⣬ǻǱ׻ܣ
ɲǣպ˵涪ˣֻҲδػ˼μһεŴȣҹһ֮չȫ̶龳һѩǰܣ
ǰЩ˾붴龳ֻһ֮ңˣǶͻƣҪι̣ԼĵĥޱԲպ²ȥˣֻҪƷһ죬ӾҲһ죬Ψһİ취ֻʹͻˣ
ųƷδ龳Ҳ֪ļٵģ
ˣǾ˼ˣһľ˼ˣһʦֿõˣʣ˵ĻԶΪδ龳ȴ˿龳պĳƷһȷʵ˼ˣ
ţŵӶ׷ЩŴȵĵǣÿһ˶ܹΪǲ෹Ļ⡣
լԺ֮УƷ۾Ҳϴ
һµʱô͵ôϧˣͲһһͻˣƷеϧѾоͻƵʱǰˣ龳ͻƵ龳
Ҳǵһ龳ΪμŴȵĵӰɡ
Ҳʱˣڰ꣬Ҳʱ˶֪ˣƷվֱ̤һݹ֮⳯ϣһ޴ޱȵĹŶȥ
֮УƷҲֻеһѣԵ͵֮£ûע⵽Ĵڡ
ܿ죬Ʒͽ˹֮Уڹ֮Уһ޴ޱȵ̨ܻһȦһȦλЩλһӰ֣Ѱ˵Ŀ·ʲôһ
ǳƷȴǿüһھӢ۷ſǡ
Щ˵ϣÿһ˵ϢΪ¡
ÿһ߸ϣǧҪμӴȵŵӣھֻһܹӱҲֻ˰ˡ
ƫƫֻһЩ˲ʸǵС
ӿ龳龳ֻһ֮ңȴÿһ˶ܹġ
պĵӲϵĴĥԼĸԼĸӵι̣ӱ˵ҲΪԼͻƵļʣǿ˿龳۷ܹ붴龳
ֻڿ龳۷徳֮߳˺Զι̵˼ܿ뵽龳
ЩӢʸ߸ϵĿЩŵӣϾҲǴŵ֮ӱģҲԾţһԾΪӵľӢӡ
ּĴȣѰ洫Ӹ벻⣬ǾӢǾûôˣвپӢӶרŸϻμӣҲӵμŵӴȣֻʺ洫ѡ׷˵Զ
Щټıȶ֮УһȦһȦȴԵ˿ӵ
ƷĿ漴ǷŵЩŵ֮УȴǧŵӵǼΪµģÿһΪڿ龳ϣ龳ڶ࣬ձ鶼ǿ龳ڵΪǿ龳۷塣
ЩȻԼʵܹùƷ۾ء
УƷܿͿ˻ԶӰȴԶһۣ֮ȻΧû˸վţԾԶ
һߣƷһɱ漴תͷһȴһͦεĿ֮дźεɱ⣬ĶԼ
Լ֮дŵɱһ㶼Σ෴ģż˿ʱƵ
Ʒ漴Ŀɨ˹ȥĿཻȴ벻⣬ϢһĿ龳۷嶼Ҫǿ̫ˣֻ벽ܹ붴龳
˵Ҳ֮ͬˣ


1691 رĴȣʼ
ˣ
أƷĶߴһƷ˳ȥ˷вԴַܵƷĶС
ɱң㻹񣡡ƷһЦ˵
ôʲôԸϽɣȻһȿʼûлˣ
ЦһĿ֮дżֲ̺ᡣ
˵һ´͹˶ڳƷҲͬޱ
˭֪ھѾڶˣƷȻ˴󵨣ǻԶȻ˽Լڣ⽫
ƷȻһ֪ߵغСӣ
Ʒ漴һЦûн˷ʱԶѾ֪ʲôʱ˹˳Ʒǰ˵һͻһսɱˣ
Զָ˵
ƷȻףԶֻҲһЩģʵϣһҲǸмΡ
һ洫ҪԸһŵӻҪڣǲЦ
޷ƷһЦ
ǾͺãĶң˵ԶĿһ۳Ʒ˵漴;ֱת뿪ˡ
أһӰ˳ƷǰȳƣһʱĿޣȳƾȻҲѾ˿龳ڣЩŵ֮Ҳˡ
ԭ׵Ҫöˡ
ʦ֣
ȳæ˵
ţƷ˵ͷһҪúüˣȡߵɣ
ƷɨһЩŵӣνǸƣ֪⻹Ƿȫĵ̣Ϊкܶűܿһ죬Ϊһһرε㲦ڣԺֻܶѡһŴٳ֡
ǣȳæ˵
ʱƷоЩ߸ϵľӢ֮УҲһЩĿ䵽ϣֻҲص顣
˱ǳƷôе˼ɣ龳͸ǰμŴȣҲžȻ˲֪
ǿɱСȻ龳պֻΪڿ龳۷壡
ν޷һĻͲܳΪҵȵͬ·ˣŵӺ;ӢӿֻһʵϲԶˣ
ʱھӢӵĿ̨֮ϣһЩӢ˽۵ĶҲǳƷ
ŵ֮УܹעĿ¾ǳƷԶˣǶиָԭŵȲ˵ġ
˴ιھֻ¾ˣվǲ̫Զ
һһʦϿ˵ע
ȴôΪǻԶҲǵе֮ͬѷ֣棡
Ʒ뻪ԶȻǽˣԽԽˣ
۷׷֮ʣྫӢ֮оͷɳһӰƷһȴſ֮мķ˭ء
ֻǺ͵ȣʵӿˣ񲻹ֻǿ龳۷ѣȫɲĶ龳֡
Ʒ漴Ƕ龳ľӢӣֻ֮ǰشΪʱ䵽˿龳ѣڲʵˮƽѡ
Ұ
һ£һ㣬ʱֳһƬһļž˶һӰ
ӭμһεŴȣŴһһΣҲǶλʦʦһɹ֤ҲǷһֱµĹأͬʱҲҪѡ˼ֻҪǰͻнǰһзĽһܹǰʮߣõǷڵʹͣλӦö˵һЩԾҲͲ˵ʲôˣ񵭵Ŀ˵ǿʼŵӴȵʱˣһȴЩͬڳлٿƣʮǺɫƣĶǻɫƣȡʮɫߣͿֱӽǰʮûƵˣֱ̭
˶ʱһƬȻзӯ죬ȻĹغ궼ͬǶ׷Ϊ֮Ŀ
һıȶֳʤǰʮ
һΣȻҪһελˣʵǿȥʮɫƣǧҪʣµĻɫƣһƶ˾ֱ̭
ƷҲʱ˻Զ֮ǰ˵Ľһսԭˡ
ʣһһĽϼʤٶȸ죬ѶҲ˺üܹʤ߾ٮٮеٮٮߡ
ȿʼ
Ҳû˼˵ʲôֱ˵
ƷܹоĿƺԼͣһ£ţ֮϶ʱһӶ󲿷ֶǳֽɫȴʮǳɫġ
˲䷢


1692 Ʒµս
˶֪һεŵӴҲҪ̫ˣһһҪһԺü
ͬģҲԭŴҪߵĶˡ
һټıȶ֮ڿնֱӳЩƵķץ˹ȥ
ЩƯڰ֮Уǧŵȫʼֵʱ򣬼һ˲䣬ָĴ־ͺ˳գһͨ
Щ֮УƷżŶ֣ɨһ֮ϣһɫƵʱ̤һݹͳһɫƷ˹ȥ
ͬʱͬʱҲʮӰһɫƵķȥ
ÿһ϶ǿޱȵϢֱڶ
ǿµϢγΧЩܵŵӸƷ˳ȥ
Щˣÿһǿ龳۷ΪҲֻΪز֮󣬲ŸǺɫơ
ΪǺɫƴľǰʮ
ƷĺΪֹˣʱһӰӹգ˳ƷǰȴһеݿʵӣĿ֮дż֮ɫ
ǺˣƷķ˵

ֱס˳Ʒ˵˵Һպ͵ϮμӲһεŴȣһΣҾҪһع
Ʒһ漴ˣպĺѣȻպȻûж˵ʵʲôƷ͵ϮֻΪԼҵ߲ҵĽڶѡ
ƫƫȴˣ
û뵽һ˳Ʒˣе˼ˣΪ㲻ñպҪǿһЩ³Ʒûô׻ʤˣ
Ҫǣʮƣ΢һעûˣΪǿľһܹȡʮɫƣֻ»ҪԣҪɣ
ڳ⣬ŵӺŵǣ۷׷ΪȻȲЩڵĸ֣ǵս۹⻹еġ
ǳƷһεŴȵĵ֮Ŀĵ֮һΪƷʵΪԡ
Ӹոŵʱ򣬳Ʒŵĵ֮ΪһԽ𵤾Ϊʮӵӡ
⣬ŵŵӿƷڵǸĻĻ϶żĽ
ͬŵĳƷѾܹŵӴ֮ݺ۳ңȴȥûС
ԼҲֻʮӵܹȥʮӵӳ˳ƷͻԶ֮⣬Щȥŵ˵ʵ̫ƽˡ
ҪǰѾǳˡ
ʱǵжɵðһĨɬζ֮仹ġ
˵ŵĻôƷͻԶģǴ˵е
˺ôᲢأ
һ˲䣬ѾųƷ˹һ˲䣬һֺֻնͬһ޴ޱȵĥֱӳųƷ
ϣ־ϯ˹һϵľѧɴ֡
Ƿ֮еһžѧһõַֻ龳ϵĸֲܹʹõĳݲͬΪʩչȻҲر
УȷʵŲ׵
ֻһ֣ʵͲп龳۷ʵ
һ֣Щ߸ϵĶ龳ľӢҲ׷Ϊ֮Ŀ
ѰŵȻǹĿ࿴Щ龳۷ĸȴȫͬǱ붴龳ΪǲеľӢӡ
ÿһǶΪ֮Ŀ
漴ȴƷҲͬ˼£ȻƷһȭֱ˳ȥʱɲǼ䣬ֻһ޸˳Ʒһ˲ͽϵľ޴˺˿ȻһӺ
أ
˺ƶߵķһ˲䵹˳ȥһѪ˳ֱشʧȥ˼սϸֳһ֣˲佫ЮŴ˳ȥ
ǷڵķʩΪ˷ֹӱ˴һ㵽˱Σʱ򣬾ͻᱻֱӴͳȥ
һУʧˣ˶ɴ۾һĻ
֮ǰ˶ΪͳƷһսǱȻ쳣Ͼǿ龳۷ĸ֣ƷҲܹע㣬ʵͬͬСɡ
Ȼ˿ƷʵҪһЩ
ȻȻһбƷش
⡭⡭
˲ɵĿ࣬˽ǴӹΪ;˵ӦռϷŶԡ
ÿµһȭʲôȭôк񿴵˴ĺۼУ
ҷڵѧ
ޱȵ˵


1693 Ʒ龳۷
̫ǿ˰ɣƷǴĶðģ
ҵȳ֣ҲһܹôɵĻɣ
һȭܣ龳ĸֶΪ֮Ŀˣһȭֱӱƽ˶龳ܷӳĳ̶ȡ
ƷôģǺһͬڵİɣҼǵðǰȻǿҲûôǿɣŹȥ˶ʱ䣿ŰѰɣ
ƷһȭֱסЩŵĵӣֱͿҪɵˡ
Ǵδһ죬Щŵĵ֮УȻôǿƵĴڡ
ЩŵĵӾѾ𺳣͸˵ЩƵŵӸǷ׷׿ɵˡ
Ȼ֪ǿƵˣҲû뵽ܹǿƳ
ΪǿѾʮֿˣ֮ͬе֡
ȴƷһȭˡ
Ϊֲģ
ҲЩŵĵֻüһɨ֮ǰǷ֮ڷ֮У˵޴ڣϵӺϵ֮оµӺµ֮оϵӺµ֮ľҲٲˡ
ƵԼΪ˵ЩŵĵӸ۸ˡ
ƫƫŵĵ֮иһͷûС
ڳƷչֳ˳˵ʵҲЩŵĵӸоɡ
Ʒһȭ֮󣬸ûֱͣһöɫƵķӶȥ
ȻǱһ£ȴǸˣΪʮͬʱɫƵŵ໥ǣƣ˭Ҳû˳Ķȡһöɫơ
ڳƷ׷ϵһ˲䣬̾ͷųƷ˹ȥɲǼ飬û˿ԥһɲǼ䣬ųƷ˹
Ȼ˳ųƷȥʱȴƷҲֱӻ˻ӴӣֱͽͳͳУһ˲ʧӰ١
˶ʱʧɫҪ֪˿ɶǿ龳۷ĸ֣ƽڱ˴Ҳ˵Ϊ˽⡣
֣Ƕ龳ĸҲҶһͬʱ֣Ȼκβ˳Ʒ
漴ƷĿѾɨ˹ֱ䵽˵ϡ
ã
˼̾͸оһַ·̫޸ϵĸоָоǲɵһֺëһĸо
˶ǿ龳۷ĸ֣ԼĵһӦȻǷǳŵġ
һ˲䣬˾ҪתӴܶȥ
ʱ򣬳ƷѾɱ˹һ䣬ǽһֱɱȺ֮Уٶȿûкܿ죬жȴǿ磬縡Ӱһ㡣
ֲֿѹȸгֱϯ˹
֮⣬û˸ܵһɿֲѹ֪ƷƵƿѾ¯ĵز˵ΧھΧ֮ڣһǰ㶼ûжɢ
Ҫ󳷣ȻƷǻᡣ
뵽˼̾ͷݳųƷ˹
˵ǿ龳۷ĸ֣ûһǼ򵥵زֱӺųƷ˹
ֳڱֱӴ̳춯صĽ⣬ֱӴϣƷֽС
ȻţǾֻƷֱ̧־ͳץ˹ȥ
ѵǷôΪ⿿ץסǵĽ⣿ʱ˵Ժ֮жɵð뷨
ǴʱɲǶ룬ֱӽâ˼֣ۿžҪƷն¡
˭֪Ʒ־ͽǵĽץУȻһһУͷ·Щʵڵһ㡣
ʼսĿֲʱչ˳ƷҲ֪ԶʲôʣǺʲôʶʲô
ƿ׵׺ΪֲʼսǻʾֱָһŶĹɺת죬ΪµģЩǿһϸ£սʤ֮
ôܣ
˵Ժ֮з׷һղǽһּΪµĵزʣӦ˵龳֮вŶԡ
зǳƷʱȴѾǵǰֱƳ˹ȥ
أ
أ
޴ޱȵĺ˾Ƕߵķһ㣬ֱӳ˳ȥһ·ѪҪڰ֮зֽ⿪һ
Ȼžͱâͳ˱ȶ֮С
ֻƶѣͽ龳۷ĸָĳˣֱӵǺεȺ֮¡
Ʒײеսֱһͷε̫һ㣬ڳսڵĵӶסˡ
ʱǲȷ˳Ʒսȷʵĳ־˵ĵز


1694 ɨȫ
ƷҲ̫ǿ˵㣡
ֻһ龳ѣսôǿ󣿡
ֱ£һͷαһ㣡
ֱƲɵ
˼ֱһƬȻҪ˵ڹսЩ֣ڱȶУ˶ڷĳ֮УҲƷײгָŵˡ
ڳǺɫƵʮ֣̾ͣ
׷׾Ŀ˳Ʒ
Ʒղŵı֣һӽ˶סˣ˲ͽƷˡ
˵֮໥໥ǣƵһƽĻôڣƷһͷʷǰһӴ˽
һӾʹеƽ⣡
Լ̵ģ˶Ʒ˵ˣ
˶֣
ϣ
֪˭һЩĸ֣ͬʱˣԵĿ꣬ȫǳƷ
¡
һ˲䣬񷶼žҶʮ龳۷ĸ͵һȫˡ
ʮֲĹƣһȫųƷķϯ˹
ЩŵҲһȫܿˣЩ棬ͬŵӣЩ˵Ϊ˵ѹǣһԽǴ򱬡
Ψˣʸʮ
ã
ʱ򣬳Ʒȴ£һ͵һӳЩ֮Уֱһȭ˳ȥ
˲ȭ
ƷһȭضŻζһӻ˰޴ޱȵӰ˷˳ȥ
Ʒʮֱչ˶Թη塣
¡¡
һޱȵĺȴ֣Ʒ˵Χ֮£Ȼ
ʮ龳۷ĸֳǺεȾ˵ƣͬһ㣬һȦһȦϯ˹
ǳƷǺеĽʯƾЩγ޷ҡƷӰ
ȫ赲סˣ
ƷϵƸûбѹȥʱ򣬷ԽսԽǿ
ֲĳЩ龳ľӢӶɵ÷׷Ϊ֮Ŀ
Ҫ֪ҲʮѾﵽ˿龳۷ĸ֡
ڱȶǸ֮Уָͨڿն𣬻иַγɵĹâ
˽ſ˳ƷжôĿֲԳֿȭԿЩ
־ܽЩķ˳ȥ
ֲģ˽֣ҪԿķҲҪԿ
ǳƷֳֿȭͽֶԿģͲܡ
Ʒ̫ǿˣҲδ˿񱩵Ĵ򷨣
أ
أ
أ
ַƷķ˳ȥЩ龳۷ŵֱ۵죬ΪǷ֣ǱɳȥķϣȻı˿Ȼ¶˿ֲơ
ǿƷ֮У¶˼ֺȻ飬ʱڷӦ˹ֱǹ
⻹ô
ǴδԿ˵ܹƵģǸһ漣
ЩÿһԼ֪ķ˶پܹƳģһоޱȵʹˡ
ǶѾˣǸûеѡˣΨһսˡ
Ƿӳ˹ԭ˶ԿӰʼ˲ʧԭأһϹһһ˲ʧˣһӵʱ򣬾Ѿһ龳۷ŵӵǰ
䣡
ֻһȭѣһȭֱӽ龳۷ŵһȭ˳ȥһѪ˳һݹʧԭء
˶Ѿס˺ˣûȥҲԺգҲŵ֮УȴƷֱһȭ˳ȥ
һȭֱӽһֺ˳ǳƷûͣһɽӡ
һ̩ɽӰֱӭǣ龳۷ŵ
أ
أ
޴ޱȵĺ龳۷ŵ͵һӱ˳ȥҲͬʧ
龳۷ŵӱֱ̭ȥ
ųƷͻɽ֮أֱչ˶Щ龳۷ŵӵĹ
Щƽ߸ϵŵеٮٮߣʱƷһжס
һһоͺɳȥһƬ֮䣬ʮĿ龳۷ŵӼһȫ̭˳ȥ
һʱ䣬Ϊ֮һգ
˶ɵˣƷҲ̫ˣʵ̫ˣ
ʮ龳۷ŵҲסƷóƷ΢˶
ʱ򣬼۾ϹҲˣƷЩ龳۷ŵҲһϵĴڡ
ǿòѾǶ龳˰ɣ


1695 ȫ޵
սս˵˶ɵˣƷľսŵˣǺɨ
ڿ龳ΣƷҲʲô֣
𾪵ģ
һ֮жҲ
ʲôǿʲôа
ǿǰ
ƷıЩ龳ľӢɫһӱˣΪǵҲƷĵز˵䲻ģǻֻҲֻᱻƷɨбĽ
ʵǳƷ̫ǿˣ̫ˣֱһ
ûп龳ɣûп龳Ȼôֲˣ˿龳ǻ˵ã
һӢ𾪵˵ǿֲһĻڶš
ŵжûгֺɨİˣδֻҪزֻۣ¿϶ܽΪ洫Ӱɣ
ֹǳΪ洫ӣ龳ǣ洫ӣ̾洫֮еٮٮߣһܹᲢ۵ģ
һھӢӶˣֱǣƷºܹܿǲУһδսĹھƷпȾָǸʱ򣬺ǲҲֻʱѡ
㲻ǹھԳƷıƽƽҲ⡣
۴ĸ龳龳ԶԶҲȴӿ龳붴龳Ҫ̫ˡ
֮·ԽԽխҲԽѣبŲĵ
ЩŵӺŵȫɵˣǴδһŵĵӾȻܹǿᵽز
ǺͳƷͬΪʮӵӵЩŵĵӣʱζӣԭƷѾ˦һλô򵥡
ƷĳβƶѾˣһȥ
û뵽֮Ȼ˸һ֮УҪһ洫ˣ
ŵĵ۷׷˵
Ҫ֪Ȼÿͻһӣǲÿһ֮һᵮһ洫ģ֮вŻһ洫ӡ
һ֮гһ洫ӣôҲоɣͬʱ˵֮еĹǾͻǳƷ
żԣڷ֮Ҳ⡣
ʱڳУƷ׾ٵĽһöɫժУû˸Һ
طҵսڽеУֻǻɫƣÿһҲᣬνޱȵա
ƷĿѲУأȳơ
ʱȳһɫƣһɫԱߣͬʱкüŵᡣ
Щ֮УȳƵΪģһӾͱѹѪҲҪȽʵȳ̭ȥ
ͬǿ龳ڣȳǸոտ龳ڣʵȻһЩˡ
ôôѣ
ȳƶʱҧ˵Ҳû뵽ƻӵز˵ֿ˵ģʽ֮ǰδйġ
ڣֻƾʵˡ
ǣںܶ˵ǶŸָСģڽ֮ҲѸٷָ˲ͬС壬֡
ƫƫǹµһˣһƵģ塣
ʵǹµһˣǱżģ˶뽫ųȥ
ʱѡʱµһ˵ȫȫ˳
Ƚ̭ȥ
ʱ򣬲֪˭һ˶ìͷ׼ȳƣ˲䣬ֿµĹһϯ˳ֱӳȳƵķȥ
أ
Щȫ䵽ȳƵϣȳһӾͱشˣۿžҪݹⱣͳȥʱ
أһֱִֻӽЩŵӵĹȫץͳͳץ
Ȼһֻ͵һ˳ȥȻһӽЩ׷ɱŵǷ׷ȳˣȻ󱻴ͳȥ
һĻȳƶɵˣҲ֪ĹһֻȻܹһߣûж֡
΢ףȴֻоһɿֲ˹ȥ
۾һڣѾһӰԱߡ
һȴǳƷ˭ء
λףһǳƷȻ϶Ҫ̭ȥˡ
뵽ǿѹƣųƷ˵лʦȣ
޷˵
ƷһָһҩȳƵУһöõĵҩ
漴ȳƷ֣һöɫƲ֪ʲôʱҲһץ˹ҲС
ʱϲ
漴Ȼķ֣ƷоȻһöɫƣҲ˵ƷȻɹǰʮˡ
ʱоеͷĿѣ
֪Ʒǳ֮Ҳû뵽ƷȻ֮죡


1696 
ֻŶʱ䣬ƷѾŴĴս֮жȡǰʮ
Żûжʱ䣬֪Ʒһĺɨ̬еľ֡
Ҳôͽսõ˺ɫơ
˰ɣҰ㻤û˵ĵ㣡Ʒ˵
ǳƷڷڵһ׷ߣƷҪʣ˶ֻҪо޴ĺô
лʦ֣
ȳæʼ̷ҩָ
û˵ƷҲ̫ˣ
ʱһӰֱ˹
ȴһֳһöɫƣȻɲǼѾ˳Ʒǰ
˶һȴ˭ء
˷ٸ߿֮ϣĿųƷͷ߿µϢһӾͽŵӸƷɳȥˡ
һ֣һƬ൱սռ䡣
˿ڣɲǼ䣬׷Զ˿
ղųƷƣǶʲô龳۷壬ƷĽŲ赲ס
ͬڣ
ʱﻹҵ֮䣡
ɢŨҵɱ⣬ֱӳųƷ
ΪʲôôͶˣֵεĸ֣ӦҪǰֲŶ԰
ʱ˿ѵȻЩ֣֪Ϊʲô˾ȻôϳƷ
Ҳ˽еˣ˽͡
˲ףԭл۵飬ƷȻ洫һ
ʱνһը˹Ȼ󲨡
ֻҲˣǣһĻ˲伬ˡ
һ洫ҪһŵӣǾʵ̫ˡ
˵һָͷܹ洫Ӹ
Ѷȣ
ǵĻֻʹƷǰͷϴһԭˡ
ȻƷȻûѡһѡӲ
ҳƷ鷳飬˶ó˴Ӧһ־
һȻֱӶԳƷ֣洫ӵ˵˵еǰ취ԸƷ
ҡҡͷľӢ֮Уԭкܶ˺ܿóƷҲջۡ
Ʒƶףʲôܹʲô˲ܵ
һ洫ӣҲͬˣ˵һŵˡ
ĶųƷ֮˸ž⣬˵˵ܿԺҲûпĻˣ죬㣡
ʱ˲侯˵ĻҲˣǾǾԲóƷ졣
ƾ㣿ƷЦһɽϻӳƴģǾ֮ܶѣΪԼѾ޵ô
ƷһХһķĲһɹɿֲϯ
ųƷһ粼ȳƸУ漴ֱӿˡ
˵Ƶײһ𣬾Ȼѷ¡
֮ܣȻ˵Ǿ֮ܣôɱ㣡
ʱ˾Ѿˣ˲䱩ֱӻһ⳯ųƷķݺɱ˹
һڱֱϯ˿տ񱩵һųƷն
һʵֲ̫ˣ֮ǰʮ龳۷ĸҲֺǿϼ֡
ΪϣùھĴŵʵ
벽龳붴龳ֻʱѣò˶á
ͼѿ֮
һ֣ҪƷɱ
ʱ򣬳Ʒô˼ֱһץ˹ȥΧһֻ֣ȻһֱֻץסһնĽ⡣
أ
һֱӱƷһץն˿һ˲䣬Ѿˡ
Ʒʵֲ̫ˣǿԿⷨԶԶһεķﵽһ˼ĵز
㣡
Ʒ־ͽЩץƬĽ˻ȥ
䣡
Щֱͬһⷵأ˸ӦڱǰƾͱֱӺС
һҽУžߵķһݺ䵽˵ϡ
һȴϵڼһ˲ȫѣؿѾһƬѪģǱԼĽˡ
ɲǼ䣬һƬһļžҲûƷʤһֻʤĳӦǰĳŶԡ
ǿƷʤˣҲӦǲʤŶԣܶ˾ãӦܾ˲Ŷԡ
ǳƷȴԾսʲôܾˣʲôʤ
Ƕڵ飡
һǰɨ˷


1697 ˣˣ
ɨּɨ
֮ڣƷѾ޵УѰ龳۷֮ϵĶ֣˳Ʒʱһ޻֮
ôܣ
һ龳ľӢһ˲ʹλȫƷˡ
龳龳ܹﵽĵزʲô㲻ǻȥˣ
һӢӲŵ˵
ЩӢҲǼ˹һǳƷֻ龳
ǸоԼȥʱⶼķˣ
龳ʱ򣬱˵ǰѿ龳۷ɹˣѰĿ龳Ƕ֡
ܹԽսıѾţ˵Խô༶ֱǸо˾㤡

ʱֱӴ˵ϵһХϢ·ͿҪظ˺ѿһ㣬һɿֲ֮ͷ˳
˵˫Ŀ죬ʱ˶óϵһ˵ٶȺת
еŭգ޲ýƷ˲նɱɱƷģҲѹûƷ
˭֪ʵȴǱƷֱӴ˲ش
˵ֱܴ衣
һֳһտıɢŵķĲƣЩƳŹķĵĲӵ
Ǵ˵еĶɽô˿˵
ǶɽûҼһʹùû뵽ɽʹͳˣһö޳Ʒ
ȻɽҪԸƷģ
ЩӢӶ׷׵ɴ۾ɽ֮ҲǺպˣһҲԴ˻ܹܶǿС
Ȼ֪һЩģ
ڶɽȻ˵ϣ˵֮־޵飬ܹܵɽɢǿֲ
ѰĿ龳۷ֻһס
ѹôаܹȡھˡ
ҲͬǼֲˣΪʱзЩ洫Ҫ˭ڵʱҲ·ߴµҩ
Ⲣϡ棡
¿ҪһˣɽɲѰɽƷΪȷʵܾޣҲֻµֵסɣ
ֱλ֮ϣֻһսŸոտʼѣûôͬǰֳʤ
Ȼɽ˱ʵⲢҪ˭ʤ˭Ҫġ
Ǵڵʱʹõģû뵽ʹ˳Ҳãɽն㣡³һѪָֻ֮ȵģӵġ
ֻоɽ֣У
ԭǿһɽѹˣ
ƷһЦ˵
Ϊܹô̫Цˣ
̣Ҫɱ㣡
֮˸ҵɱ⣬˵һʼֻǷ£ҪɱƷԼûжɱĻôھԼǿҪɱƷ˴˵ļһ
һɣ
һȣһм˳ڰ֮УȻֱݻǧââ˺ѿ񷣬ֱӳųƷ
Ľͬ꣬˲һƬ
С
ƷҲоɽֻǳԽ龳ĸʹõķѾˣѰɽ޲ߣȴͬ
һɲǼ䣬ͷϸֳɽӶֻһ˸֮䣬ѾĽ˶Уܹ˺ѣûзܹ赲Ŀֲ⣬˲ɽӶ
ϾǵδɵʱƵķȻδɵʱƵķҲЩܹĵġ
һ˲䣬ͽЩâͳͳսС
ʲôֻо۾һƷͷϾͳһڵӰЩâѾͳͳʧˡ
Ǻһҩ
ϸһӣȷȷʵһҩ
ȻǶ룬ƷͭŶֱһ˦˳ȥɽӶ˸߿գֱӴӶ֮з˳ͬٲһĳնȥ
ôܣ
˸û뵽ƷȻֶΣǲ֪ƷﻹɽӶ汸ķ
ûҪһӾͱˡ
أ
˵նһѪݹⶼߡ
ˡ˾Ȼˣ
˶ˣɵˣĿǰһĻ
Ȼ֪ȭԣվˣһ֮ǰ˿õĶڴţ߲֮в֪Ϊ֮עˡ
ٿƷʱֻоЩֻ赭дľɱˣɵһڿˮ


1698 շɽ
˾Ȼˣ
˽ĿɿڴĿǰһĻ˹һҪ֪˵ķǳãʹûг⡣
ڣ˾Ȼһ˲ɱԭµֶΣʱȻòϣֱӾĿˡ
˵ǰ
ʱ˲˸ղսжôգΪ׼ȷ˵Լֶ֮С
ղЩͳͳڳƷϣǿƷҲͬһ
ֻǸҩ֪ʲôЩκβ˳Ʒ
֪ղҲûһ˿һ֡
ҪóƷ
ڲǷ亦ѣ
ʲôԼô
Ŀɿڴ⻹ǵһγ˵
ҲȡɣҪ֪Ľ綼ǾĴģֻҪǳ˿龳̫ĻӦöڳ£ƫƫ˶ɽǳԽ˶龳˵ڳƷϣ˵Լϣ
һӢջǿ˵ΪҲûй涨ɱ֣Ͼȭۣʲôܷ
ԷҲֻһеķѣ
˵ƷδΥڵĹ涨ֻ̫𺳶ѣ
Ҳ뵽һ磬ɵķ׷λϣ漴뵽һ飬ǣģɲֻһ˶ѣһôһֲ洫ӡ
Ҫ鷳ˣջʤΣֻʦֲŹģ
˫Ǽ򵥵׼ȷ˵˫ʡ͵ĵƣɱԷһ֣
ЩӢӿƷ֮У˼ּɵ飬ʵΪƷǵ̫ˡ
ز۵ĻӦлɾ洫ӣ
˲ɵø̲²˵Ҳֻǲ²⣬Ͼ˶֪һɲһ֮ˣֻ²ưոݡ
Ҳкֻܶޱʹ죬һڷڷ裬Ȼ˳۵˶кܶ࣬ʱȻȷ̬ǿƷ֮ж˳۵Ķˡ
Щ׵һһ˷۱εĹھѾڶˣ˭֪ճһƷôۣͬ⽫ɹΪһŵӵĽû뵽ɣڰװױ˳Ʒ
ǾӢӶѾ𾪵ĲУ˵ЩѰŵӺŵӣʱĿɿڴĿŴĻϱƷһκɱˡ
̫ǿˣŵӵһˣҲ˰ɣ
Ŀɿڴ
Ʒû뵽Ȼôǿᣬ˶Ķ֣˵ܹܿΪӢӣ
˲˼ʵ
ûܹ˵óֻǶμסмݵӣһӶ
Уһɱ֮󣬳Ʒһ֣һڶɽһ˳ƷС
Ȼһ
Ʒʱ¶˼ЦݣҪ֪Ѱ龳ʹõģ
֮ϣǱڳԽ龳洫֮УҲÿ˶ܹӵһġ
ղܹܹڣԭһڱĶɽϡ
ʹõõܹ൱洫Ӽһ
һȻýĺöʹǺ޼ңֻϧҲû뵽ö䵽ҵϰɣ
Ʒ΢΢һЦȻɽƷɽͼɽӶ˵ԶǶĿǰĳƷ˵ȴǷǳʵõġ
Ҫʩչ׽֮еѧҪֵķ
˵˶ɽƷսϡ
ƷսѾֲܿˣڿ龳֮УܵУֳֶɽֻ龳ĸֶԿˡ
ʱеĶɽȻҪڿնġ
ʲôˣȻҿҵı
һӽϴȻһ
û뵽һ׻һ֣
ƷЦһ˲ˣһ˵ǽɽ͸ˣʵϣȴһ֣һԪڶɽһ㣬ֻҲûз֡
бҪĻɽ˲ͻ»صһϣ˵Ǻ̡
ϧˣ˳Ʒһ˲䣬Ʒһץסһڱķӿֱӻһӡӡ˲ͽһԪӡסˡ
ԭڲһĶɽһ˲ͰȻȴƷӣͽһԪĨˡ
ɽҲƿأ


1699 ۺȳƴ
ƷĶǸɴ䣬û˿ˮͽɽշˣͬʱҲЩӢӡ
ڸʲôòշɽɣ
оӢĿɿڴĿųƷΪ
ĵҲ̫˰ɣˣھȻɽշˣʦֿ϶Źģ
˵ĺշɽʦ־ͻŹһҵǾе˼еɫǻᱻʦԣǻʲô
Ҳ˾óƷΪ˵ǷǳĶθڣԳƷҲνǿмӡ
ǲε𾪻ͣûãƷѾһڶɽշˡ
˵ٶҲͬЩӢӣǶ֪Ҫշһ˵ķжôѣǵ˵ʵԶԶԼʵ͸ˡ
ֻƷ֣Ѿˡ
ǲ֪ƷֵʲôطôٶȾȻ֮졣
ǺʣʱǶòԳƷĿ࿴ֳֶɽĳƷҲΪ֮Ŀ
Уһ˵ٶȾͽɽշ˵ĳƷɽ֮Уһֽ͵ֶΣ
ڻʼս֮омŸָķͨԼĽޱȵкϣ˽һﵽ߾硣
ȻƷҲ̸Ҳǽֽͣ͵ķȴԽġ
ٲ˽ɵഫ˵Щ˵֮УЩɿǧ֮ȡ˵׼Ҳʮ־˵ġ
ʱȳҲѾཫƻָˣʽĿ˳Ʒλ˵ģǺѶȡ
һ·ɨɱ
иޱȵļǳ׵׵ĸ˰
Ʒʵ̫ǿˣһϵеֶοۻңɲǼ䣬ѾɱˣǺ̵ܶʱھշ˶ɽ
һ˲䣬ȴƷֱӽһö˵ĺɫӵȳƵĻ
͸ˣһҲòƣ
Ʒ˵
ȳƶסˣû뵽ԼȻܹõɫƣɫƵҪβף˭кɫƣ˭һŴȵǰʮ
Ŵ֮УǰнǰһĽвͬȥǰʮǰһһһء
˵ܹΪǰʮЩò˶ʱ䣬Ϳͻƴﵽ龳۷ˡ
Ļᣬ֪һɫƶǳƷ赭дĽɫƸ
ʱһʱסˡ
лʦ֣Ժ󵫷ʦǲȳƱضǣ
ȳһ񣬳ƷǸһǰδеǰ̣ǰʮĽ˵붴龳ҲǴпܵġ
Ϊ˷ÿ궼ǰ̵μŴȡ
޷ԺֻҪĹĸҰ£ʲôƷ˵ҵ׷ߣ㣡
ȳĵһ׷ߣȻҪҪͱֳЧҲͼӰ˵ǳΧ۵ЩӣǳɫƵЩŵӴʱȳƵ֮УҲͬðĽʺ޵顣
ȳʲôΪ֮Ҳǵ׵ĴڣǱһôôʲô˲ģ
ȳƼֱ˴˰
ЩΪͻͽֻҲǺͳƷйϵɣ
ƷǺôǣôֱʣȳƲŸ죬͵õôĺôҵĻıöˣ
˶ڸ̣Ǻܶ龳۷ŵӿһĻֱͿҪѪˡ
Ҫ֪ƴƴܹõɫƣ󲿷˶òɫƣȴƷ赭дʹ͸ȳˡ
ǿȳƼֱ˹ʺˣȻǾԲȫȫĽʺޡ
߸Χ۵ЩӢӿŶЩۺ죬ǰʮĽɱҪĶˣǶеȣڿƷ벻ľʹ͸ȳƣǵΪŶеѪƷҲ̫ö˰ɡ
ȳǰʮ֮е׵ģֻҪǰʮôȻӹɣȫС
ȳ˴ˣǵҪҲôģҪ붴龳Ҫôѣ
ЩӢӲɵøп˵ȻЩŵǰĽʺޣ֮ҲмĽ̰֮ɫ
ʱһһĹȥеʽҲѾ𽥷ˣŵӵսҲ𽥷ֳʤǻɫƻǺɫƵˣѾ䶨
ŵӴȣҲѾĽ׶Ρ


1700 ʤĿ
ʱƣѾǳ䶨
һ˱ȶϿգ˵ĿⶼۼһӰڻϣȴǷ˭ء
߸ϣֶ˵һŴȵĳɸѡѾˣʣµģûеõƵģһ̭
˵ţһӡЩûƵĵһȫ⣬ֱӴ˳ȥ
ʱ˺ֻܶ࣬ʣˣԭʮ֮һ
ʣµıԣֳֳֺɫƵǰʮ֮սлɫƵսͬʱУֳֻɫƵʦʦþǰһֳֺɫƵʮλʦʦãмҪĹھǾͼֳֺɫƵʦʦȳɣ
˵
£ʮӰֱڶɵ˰֮С
ʱ򣬲֪ʮɫƶ˭ȥˣǿ֮еʱ򣬶ɵʧɫ
ЩţŵҲĪˣŵĵӣĿɿڴĿʮ֮е
ԶͳƷȻͬʱǰʮҲ̫ǿ˰ɣ
˶ɵˣЩŵĵӣƷͻԶͬʱţǴʱμŴȵʸûУȻƷͻԶȴѾǰʮпܶڡ
ǺεȾ˵Ĳ࣡
һ֣ĸо
ǺͳƷ뻪ԶĲͨ˺Щ˳ŵ֮Ĳ໹Ҫ
ʱڳ⣬һзӯģЩ֮УƷͻԶѾ㹻עĿˡ
ǸעĿȴȳƣ˴ʱѾ֪ˣȳƷ˺ˣӳƷõһöɫơ
ѰŵҲˣЩϣǰʮĿ龳۷ĵӴʱҧгݵĿȳơ
ȳƣһģ
ǿɲҳƷ鷳ϾƷղźɨһڿ龳۷ĵӣɱ˵飬Ѿúܶ˶֪ĺǶȳƣǾûôˡ
ȳʲôֻһҽ֮ˣһɽѣ
ЩĿ⣬ȳƸνɵý̧ͦͷЩĽʺ޵ĿֻǱԼЦ
۹ã˶óʦֵʱȻȻͶ˳ʦ֣бҲһɽ
û˿Σֻ޵Ļȣδ϶һǰ̡
ʦʦǣɣǵıȶ
ʱ򣬷һ֣˾˽ȥȵһ۾ͷһС͵Ľ֮С
ڽ֮У̨ͬʱڣȻǸ˱ȶʹõġ
˴ʱ׷𾪵Ŀŷ֮ǰ˻û÷ʲô˲ģôһ֣оˣǺͷ֮Ĳࡣ
ⷽʵҲﵽһ˵ĵزȲ洫ӣҲ˶ˡ
ǳƷͻԶϸ¶˼ص飬ѹַʸſ˺ŴȣʵھӢֻ֮Ҳǳ͵Ĵڡ
λʦʦãһֻǰĴڣԼģ̨ûģ߾ûбҪᣬͿԲ죬λֳֺɫƣͻԶΪһŴȵǰʮ
˵
ʮ֮УѾһЩм⶯ˣȻǶԼʵģȴҲ֪Լʵ󲻼ܹڣܹǰʮ⽱Ѿ㹻ˡ
ʦ֣˳
ʱȳһ˵֪Щ֮ΪģǿҪȥĻҲֻȡ裬þա
ܺã˵˭Ҫ˳Ǳһ˳ɣ
˷Ļ½½һЩ˿ʼ˳ֻʣĸˡ
ƷɨһʣĸˣͻԶ֮⣬һһ׳ƤڣʵͬһߴѰȫͬ˵Ϣ
֮⣬һĽСŮӣŮԼĪֻһҵĸͷȴǰ͹£ΪˣȴǼΪĮҲǼΪ£ͬɢ˵Ϣ
ǼȻˣ׽ɱʤĹھ
˵ͷ˵
漴һ֣һ̨˲ĽҲͬʱҲֳ֡
һǻԶʣµһĺܣ
һ׳֣
̫ˣȻһˣһεĹھĪˣ
ʱĺһ̨Ц¶˼ֵЦݣĿƵĿŻԶ
Զ˵һ̨֮ͬϡ


1701 ǿĻԶ
ԶĿ䵭ĺܣһȻĺƺҲ΢Ϊ֮ɫ
Сӣĺܲ񣡡
ĺܼԶûκηӦʱҲеΣ漴¶˼Цݡ
ҪΪʲôʣܹôڻֲʱ򣡡
ĺܵͻȻһɿֲϢϣͻȻһսףսɢŵĹâ
˶һһսϾȻŽһңγһ
֮ڣγһƬء
ѰֻҪһңֱء
սŵɫһ䣬һս׼Ϊ£ǵĻֻҪһ˲ͻᱻɱΪĩ
ĺܸھȻԼıµġ
ˢ
ĺ˲䱬ˣȫΧʼγһɿֲĺֱӳŻԶķȥ
˶ΪԶҪâʱ˭֪Զûͬǰ㣬ֱӱܿ෴ģֱӺȥ
Զֱӳ嵽ĺܵǰȻֱӶԺ
䣡
ĺһȭ䵽˻Զϣǽţ˾ͿˣԶȻһµϯֱӽһȭȭΪС
СȻҵǰۣ
ʱ򣬻ԶʾԼǿƵһ棬Ȼδﵽ龳۷壬ǿ龳ڣΪԺͿ龳۷ĸ棬Ȼ¡
ЩĺսµĽκβûԶȫ׷׻Ϊ˷ĩ
ܹѰ龳ʳѪĭĿֲȻκβϵķƲˡ
Զʱ򣬲ڳֻ֣ͬǼ򵥵һȭ˳ȥ
һ˲䣬һɿֲɫֲй˳
ĺܸʾͬٶһȭȥ
ڳ⣬Ʒ˻Զ⻪Զȷʵǰѵһţǿ龳۷ȴԵѰĿ龳۷壬ȻȲԼҲˡ
һߣһĻ𱬵ŮӴʱҲĿתĶųеˣ˭ʤ˭Ϊľ֣Ϊѹأ˲ܲע⡣
ĺܸǶ֣ȡ裡
˷ֵһ˲䣬ƷͻȻ˵
ĻȻڳĸ֣Ȼˣ׷׿˳Ʒ֪ο˵ǿġ
ǻԶȻ˵ãĺܿҲͬʮǿģս׹һ壬Ѱ޷ơ
ʦ֣Ϊʲôô˵ȳʳе⣬Ļ𱬵ŮҲɵ˶䣬Ϊڶ˫ֵʤǳƷƾʲôܹȷжһԵġ
ܼ򵥣ΪԶδĺѾȫˣԶڣɵƷ˵
ʲôɣ
˳ƷĻʱɵסˣЩͬʮǿ۷ӣʱ׷¶˲˼顣
ôܲɣƷ϶ǵʧķ˰ɣ
ܣҳϣԶǿģҲ֮ϳȫĺܣĺܵʵҶҪǿϲ٣
һʮǿӿ˵ЩܹΪʮǿȻǱѰ龳۷ĵҪǿ̫ˣĺҲͬǶ֡
ͬľ磬ĺҪǿһϡ
Ļ𱬵ŮҲͬţøòƷˮƽӵĳ̶˰ɡ
Զһŵ½ôǿʵ
ǿ˰ɣĺܾԶжӲסƷҡҡͷ˵죬ĺ˵ϣڣǽ̫ϧˣ˵ǻԶ֮ǰ˶ɻ
Ʒ˵ļΪƶ˿ȻϹ˵ģָţʱ򣬳˫ʤѷ֡
ֻͬһȭ֮ĺ⧲ȫʧȥƽ⣬ֱӱ˳ȥһŽս׾ȻԶһȭһ޴İ
ôܣĺĲǻԶĶ֣òỪԶֻɵɣ
˾˵
˾ֻԶ׷ɱûиĺԻָԪĻᣬ͵һż̤ȥ
ҲһּΪ˵ȷڰֱ֮ݻһֻɫĴţϲķ籩֮һ˲̤ȥ
أ
һ޴ޱȵĺĺܾȻֱӼ̤Ƕ˵֮ϣһսֱӱȵķѡ
ۣ
ĺһѪҰܣ˲仯һ˳˱
Զʤ


1702 ֱͶɣóѿ
ʱĻԶ߸ϣƯڰ֮Уһһ㣬һս
һʱ䣬еֹˣ·һֵֻ˵Ĳסһ㡣
ԶȻôǿĺܹȻжֵס
˿ڣ˵Ŀ⵹Ƿ˻ԶϣǷһڵĳƷϡ
һжղųƷˣǳƷ̫Ȼˣȫһôɣ˵˰ɵı飬˸ޱȵۣ
ôоԶ֮ڻĺܣһ뱻Ʒװأ
̫ǿˣţܻܿԶղɵûȻʵ̫ˣ
Ҳʵ̫˼ˣ⻪ԶһֱڴʣһǧѰ˸û취ȣʲôʣȻôţƣ
ĹھĪˣ֮ǰǻˣڿëĺҪƷ⻪Զ
ʱ۷׷ףŵӻŵӣǾӢӣΪԶľս𾪡
˿ȷԶٷְٻΪ洫ӣҲֻʱ⣬ʱ²ܾˡ
˺Ȼģ
洫ӲͬھӢӣҪһףÿһ֮е;ӢǴеͳӡ
ûгΪ洫ӣֱһȫͬ
˵Ϊ洫ӣڷ֮һٳΪ˸߲㣬ڴĻʳҲ˵ͳν׼һԱˣλͻͽɹ
һ洫ӣǴͥܳ£
Ǿûпɱԣ
㣡
Զɨһ֮Ŀ䵽˳Ʒϣʼգľ֣ǳƷ˻Ŀ
һߣǸĻ𱬵ŮӿһĻɵ˫ȭգҪ
СңѾоˣǻԶǳƷ׽ˣʱо˾޴衣
Ҫ֪ȻŮӣǻû˸ССЩӶ׷װϡ
е˼һͺãþûܹҷſִˣϣ㲻Ҫʧ
ƷЦЦ˵
ڴʱһ̨֮ϵĽ󷨸գҲ˳ƷǸĻ𱬵Ůӵ֡

һﳤϵŮҲǴϣΪ洫ӵģǰ˳Ʒһҵսˣ
ʶĻ𱬵ŮӵݣǸǷ֮һϵŮȻϲ洫ӣڷ֮еҪҲ洫ҪһЩЩ˵Ȩƺʵɲ洫ҪĲ
ΪϵŮȻǼΪܵעģֻϧһ֮й̫࣬Ǳܿõˣ漴ðһƷͻԶͽķͷˡ
ȻʵǶҲǴлᡣ
һ˳УųƷ촽ܿôΪʲôˣ·ߵİèôҿƾʵɱģƲˣ
ƷһȻղŵĻǽ𱬵˶ˣʱûϧ˼Ҳϧĵط
ƷһѾ˳Уңңš
ԼͶɣʡҶˣҲÿ
Ʒ˵
ʱһƬȻзӯ졣
ֱͶҲ̫Դ˰ɣ
Ϊ˭ǾӢô
Դ󣡡
ʱ˷׷ƿڴʵǿƫƫֳļΪòڷ֮пеŮ
ڳƷΪǽֱ̫
ǾӢҲ˵ֱͶɣ
Ȼ˳ƷĻʱҧгݣȵƷҪͶǾҿмֱ°ɣ
Ѿ⣬ҪƷһļ䡣
ɲǼ䣬Ѿˣǰһɽҡȴޱһ˲Ѿ˳ƷĸǰţһץȻ֮ץһ޴ޱȵͭ
˶ɵˣ˭Ҳû뵽һĸͷȻõı
ȻߵʵòȡˣֶҲȷʵ̫˴۾ˡ
ҽһ˵ɣ
ֱһ£ʱ֮ϣͭһͷ޴ޱȵһͷһֱӼ̤
⾳ֱݻ˳һͷ̤ܹһɽһ
ĵزȷʵʵ
ƷǿҲֱ̧֣һӭȥ
أ
һ޴ޱȵĺȴֻݵĳƷȻͽ־ͽסһͷ̤Ĵȡ


1703 ɽ
ž޴ޱȵĺƷֱӽһͷĴȸֵסˣһͷû⾳Ȼһһ˿
Ųһɿ񳱴˫ײĵطΪһֲ˷ɨȥ
ȶϣеĽ綼һӾҵ·һ˲ҪֱƷһ㡣
ײղŻԶĺܵս˵˿ʤһˡ
ʵȻʹ˵һǿᣬһӣȷʵǿᣬƷô£ͽӲӷʲôģ
𾪵ĿŽֵ˫ֻоƷٶˢΪʵޡ
ʵĺҲ˿ˣڿֻ»δܹκε˳Ʒˡ
ǿ̫ǿˣҪˣһαֱͬһϣ
һӢӲɵÿ˵һڿˮ
ⳡϵĸϸǿ󣬱֮д󲿷δӢ֮ǰǿ
ʱÿһлڣǿһ㣬ʲôǿǿ֣ȻȴǱЩ˸ֲ
ʱһͷɢȥ˷ֻƷһֵֻĴӡֱӴһ֮ͭϣһӡ
˿һĻɵõһΪǶʶ֮ˣȻף˵ƷΪֱѾ˼ƷΪʩչȻκβ
˵ˣóͶȻŮҲմ󰡣
ƷҡҡͷһӲɽҲӣ·ղӦֱͶʡֵģ
ʱ˶һѪĸоⲻҪҲ̫޳˰ɣ̨ҪԶͶôܵˣҲͬܲˣ򲻹ҲҪƴһѡ
ֲ̨
漴Ǿ˱Ʒֱһ˵ˣ̨Ҳǻ˵ģѾû֮ǰôƶˡ
̫ΪѾӮˣ
ʱҧ˵˲󣬲ͷƷֱ̫
죡
ʱ˾޴ޱȵֱͭ־ݻһͷ޴ޱȵ󣬳ųƷķѹ
һղŵһ˵һΣѾǳ׵׵ıƷĻŭˡ
ȻˣҾͲˣƷ״ҲͲٶ˵ʲôһԾϣ˫ſͬצһ㵱˺˿
ָ֮ð޵Ľ⣬ֻǵһ˺ȴֻƷȻһͷ󵱳˺ѳƬ
أ
һ޴ޱȵҲػֱӴϷ˳ȥȻֱҵ˱ȶϵĽ
䣡
ֱͭ䵽˵ϣʱ򣬲һ죬ͭصĿ£볬һһȻĻ裬֪СС֮еʲôµ
ʱһ˫Ҳ¶˲˼飬ذ׵Ѫ죬ԭǻѿˣڸղŵһ֮УػȻֱ˺˻ڣղסһ޴ޱȵ˳ȥ
ʱƷ֮кڿһһ˵Զ⣬ȴΪҲѰ̥ʱĸ׾̥ͺڲͬոճѾǧν
ȻҲĶôһͭȻΪزǧõ¡
⿿һµĹѹеĶ֣˶֣ΪƷɻ
ޱ𾪵ԭѾڰ֮ΪˣڱΪԶԼĳƷѹˣǳƷʲôеĹô
뵽ʱ
ǲ룬ȴһֻ˹ǳƷƳˣֱֱӽķɳ̨
̨֮У̨ԢʲôѾӹɡ
һ𾪵״̬ʧˣؼǸղһָֻ޻֮ƫƫû
ʱһҲ¶˼ֿЦǳƷˣٲԸţҲţȷʵǳƷˣôֻǱƳ̨ô򵥡
ΪԶԼʦսȷʵ̫ˡ
һôģ
ҲֻܿЦŸ뿪̨
ʱƺѾȴĻԶһ̨Ʒңңԡ
ڿԷһսˣ


1704 ֮ս֮
֮ս
˵Ժ֮Уһðʡ
ʱҲû˻ΪƷͻԶ½ŵĵӾСˡ
Ͼ˵ף½ӻ˿ҲΪǵ½϶̣ΪȽ
ԭΪΪʵ
ڣȻǳƷǻԶȻ绹δ龳۷壬սѰ龳۷ֻֻǱһ³ѡ
Ͼ֮ǰˣĺܣһڵѡνĿȻԳƷͻԶȴȫȫĲҰܡ
˵һǿˣȴˣȻǿôܻ˲УԶĿ棬Ķס˳Ʒ˵ȻˣҪֳһʤ
˵Ĺ򣬻Զϱ˿µϢ춯ء
ʱĺܲųɵˣ֮ǰԶڶԸʱ򣬹ȻûȫղŻԶԸʱ򣬾ʵֻһжӲסֱӲҰܡ
ʱ򣬳ƷڵӣԶڱ˿㹻£ǶڳƷ˵õơ
ϾӢҲ˿޾壬Ƽֱӻ껯ټɽӶһ壬ѰӢҲĶ֣κβ
ĵ
䣡
Ʒһϯγһ𣬺᳤գӿȣһ˲䣬ͽΧһƬĺ
ͨճ̶ȣԲǺѧܹﵽģֻһֿܣƷҲͬʣ
ʱһľӢ͵һ۾˵
ӢҲ׷ſ۾Ƴ֮洫ϵĸֵϣǾͲˣѧܹͨﵽĳ̶ȵġ
龳˵Ǹոտ˴żϷʲôûأǾֻһֿˣǾǳƷҲһʡ
뵽ۣ˲产ȻˣҪ֪֮ǰɴû֪ƷȻҲһʡ
ԶΪʲô⣬Ϊʣδǰ;ô
δڶԿŵм˵һΪ洫λҪѰ洫
ȻǲģҲֻܳϣЩ˵Ĺâ貣Ѿעˡ
ƷģȻҲһʣҲ˿
ϱţһҪϱţּʣɲǵܹģû뵽һγһԶȻһƷ
жԷĹľӢѾȲ֪ͨŵĸ߲㡣
ʵĲͬһӵʵţɾԶԶѰţ֮УҲǧһĴڡ
⵽ʲôʣǿѹȣʱҲѾˣƷչֳսѹҲˣֻʣԼܲ˵ġ
ԼȻǻڷķΧ֮ڣǳ϶ԾȻѾ˷壬δ˵ֻҪزۣɲ˷Ҳܹλ̫ϳϵУδ߸ϵľͷ
洫СͷѾ׷ˡ
ѹֳƷѹûнԼʵزȷʵûбҪ˵ʲô
˼Ʒ˼ԭţҵʣе۸ˣڼȻҲʣǾͺðˣҲͲˣ
ԶϵϢӿֲһ˲䣬۶ɣ˿Χ
ֻѾλһƬ籩ĺ֮УǷ籩֮ۡ
Ķ棬ƷҲ˿֮ԡ
Ʒ˳ǣʣҲֹһأѰܺᲢۡ
һ˲䣬ԶϵϢס˳ƷĿ۳һճųƷ̤ȥ
ƷҲֱһȭ˳ȥվͽһ˸ˡ
¡
ɿ񳱵˿ɺ˷ɢ˿µؼŰǱȶϵĽ綼ھҵĶ·ʱܱ鿪һ
ʱЩӢǶסˣ׷׳֣һķעУһӾȶסҡҡ׹Ľ硣
֮еľҲ˵Ľ̫ˣǵ
ɱ
ԶһȣѾɱ˳Ʒǰ¾ȻȳһţֱȫķһӳųƷɨ˿
ƷҲ㣬ҵǷ֮壬Ϲ䣬ǳʣ֮ͬУ޵УԶһȣʱ˲֪⻪Զʲôʣ׷ɫ䡣


1705 ѹŴ
˶Ϊ֮ɫ䣬͵һʲô
֮壬û뵽ȻǷ֮壬ȷʵһϹɨ޵Уͳιºܳһʱ䣡
һӢѿڶ˵
ʶڷԵ׺ǰδУûܱȣֻҪĵطǵͬľ磬ѷ֣
ʱŵӣŵӣǾӢӣͳͳɫ䣬ʱΪʲôԶô߲ܵˣȻʡ
һ˵¼иָʣÿһʶǿҲͬʣǿǸ˴ﵽľ֡
˿ʶΪôǷʣ˿ʶΪߣǾǷʡ
֮УȻõģÿһʵĳ֣ܵǰ;
Ҫ֪ԵĻʳ˵ͳµģ֮ܳΪ˻ʣֻ֮ܳΪΪΪ޷ѹ
Ǽˣȸ֣ҲѾǵĻʳ۶൱ںһ
ǷΪʮ֮һ죬ҲǷѣв֪Ĳࡣ
ַ֪жôѵã㲻ϹĻԻֻͣҪõδͺпһĴڡ
ֻ֮ǰû֪ԶǷ֮ѣȻҲ֮иַ߲һ֪ĥѲϡ
ǻԶȴ벻⣬ĥѵһ£֪һûĥѣɴ
ĸǴģһɱѪɺӣ
ã
Ʒ˷֮ȴû˿ĺ£ֻѪڣѰ˵֮Ѿ㹻ˣǶӵеʼĳƷ˵̫̫Զȷʻµʡ
ʸȶеĿʣԶҲͲʲôˡ
ԶƷϲʱ֮˸֮⣬ܹоԼܹƿз籩һУЩ籩ܹƿصÿһϸ΢ĵط
Щ籩ֱӻһһĳìڰ֮۶ɣȻ׷׳ųƷ
ಣಣಣ
Щìƿ˳գ˿ޱȵƿһľһ㣬ضҪѹķ飬кѹ֮ơ
߽
ƷһץʱһڱһĽڶ𣬽֮ϣâ£ɲǼͻһɿֲĺһ޴ޱȵľӭȥ
䣡
䣡
䣡
Ʒ־ͽЩìնķ飬̨ˣֻʣ½оӢЭػûб飬ĻкĿֲƾͿشĺܣˡ
ʹ죬ʹ죡
ԶЦ˿Ʈɣħһ㣬вٿһķϵĳųƷ˹ȥ񷶼ǸַŰս
ƷȫͬĶ쵽ĵزÿһɴݻٵһķ
һĳŻԶƽȥ
ԶϲƵЩ޷˵Ʒ
أƷͻȻֳֳ֣߽һֱӻһɿֲĽһɽ˺ѿһУֱӾ˻Զǰ
Ʒһ̫ˣûиԶԷӳʱ䣬ͱС
Զֱӵ˳ȥͬߵķһ㣬ȳ˺üѪ
µսŸոտʼһԶɳȥƷû˿ͣϵĳ֣ÿһն
Щŵľսһⶼܹǳ׺ɱڿƷӡ
ǼֱƷжôĿֲ
⻪ԶȻô
̫ˣԶѾܿˣȫֻӢӶδܹκεȴҰ˳Ʒˣ
ǻԶУʵǰǿˣֻϧǿǿ֣иǿĳƷˣ
Ҫֳʤô
۷׷˵Ϊһճ־֮ս˭֪ƷȻֱӽԶشȻ񲹵öޡ
Ǿ˶ΪƷҪӮ˵ʱȴƷ˵ٲ־ûлˣ̶ֳȵĹӦûɱ㣡
˶ʱʧɫ̶ֳȵĹѵȻκβ˻Զ
ܿ죬ڷΪ촷۵ĵ֮һֻץһӰ漴˵ǰ
Ʒܹ״̬ƳֵԺˣȫɣȻûлģ
䣡
һɸӿµϢͷŶ


1706 ǿǿ
˿ȥȴԶӵ˳״̬֮µĻԶȿ£ķڣ˷ֱӱһߺüɵľˡ
ķ֫Ѫ⣬·һɫķ֮һ
Զʵ̫ˣķ֮״̬
ЩӢӣ֮ɫ䣬״̬֮µĻԶԺһЩӢˡ
ǻԶʵ͵ơ
ԭĵƣ
ƷһۻԶ֮Ȼǲģܹڹʷ֮дŵģ˵ЩûһǺġ
ˣЩҲŵȵĻô廹ǻʼս嶼λжڡ
ֻĳ̶ȣ㷭̣Ʒ鵭Ȼ˵
ʱԶüͷһ壬˲һԾߺХɲǼ䣬͸оΪ֮תĿֲ
Զֱɨһֻ֣һֻ۶ɵĿֲ֣һӾ˳ƷƷеĿռͳͳˣ޿ˡ
ƷǲŲæ֮УһĹâķڿ˲ͳһƬĺ󣬶˷֮Ψһ
ץ˶ɽɽһ֮󣬱һѩĽ⣬˲ֱӳŻԶķȥ
ʱ۾Ϊ֮һҪ֪ʲôķʲôͻʲô
͵ʱȣɽĹâֹǿʢһֹ
ͣ
һֱ˺ѿ֮һֻ֡
˶ʱ׷𾪣ڻԶѾչ¶ǿƵʵ£ƷȻǲ·硣
â˺ѿ֮еһֻ֮ȥƲֱ˻Զ
һŽѧԶ˫͵һȻôɵıƷסû뵽ɲһ׼ûеġ
Ǿ޴ޱȵԺȫƥݣֱһ硣
һ˼ʮ֮վδǿ֮ĩܴɡ
˫ײҪȶƷһЩάľӢҲоеˡ
˵Ľ֣ŲǸոտʼѡ
˾Ȼʣϲ£
ǿֱֲһǧǻԶķ֮壬ǿ£ŷ֮£ͶڷżǿĸδֻҪгʱ䣬ǰ;
µĻǳƷʲôʣҪ֪ľɻ绪ԶȻܺͻԶĲ£ֱ£
˶ţû뵽һεŴȣȻ˾˵һĻ
˶ΪѾǵƾˣ˭֪Ÿ˴벻ľϲ
ҲרŴػˣ⻪Զı£û뵽Ȼһ֮ϲ
۷׷ףڳеˣսֱӽ뵽˰ȻĽ׶Ρ
ͣ
ԶһȣƷ˲оĿ񶼲ͨͺһ㡣
ﻹ֪ô£ʣΧĿԶסˣҲǷ֮߱
һУྫӢҲ¶ּɵɫһвǶԳƷãǵĻֻҲòĶȥ
Ҫһȴû취ڵһһ嶼ûе״̬֮£ֻҪ״̬ܱá
ûõģҵķ֮£ûܹѵˣ
ԶĿųƷǣʱѾȲʤȯ
Ļ֮Уûκε֣ǾҪߣҲѵֵס˵Ʒľ绹ˡ
סңҲ̫ˣ
Ʒһȣʱ򣬷֮ȫȫ˳׶Σ˵Ѳļ֮һ
һˣ»ûʲô취ˣƫƫǳƷ
Ʒһȣ˫ϾȻֱӳ˳ëɫëһ˲ܲ˫֡
ƣ
Ʒ͵һ˺ѿ˷Σ˺ķ飬ţƷһ˺һһ㣬ŻԶɱȥ
ܣ
ԶһûӦû뵽ԼΪķξȻƷһжֵסֱӾͱ˺ˡ
ʱӳƷϸоһһĿֲϢ·Լͱһֻ̫޸ϵĸоһ
ʲôԶһֻоëһֵһĸо
һ˲䣬Ʒֱӳɱǰ˫ȭͬشһֱӺ˻Զؿڡ
أ
Զɳȥ


1707 
Զͬߵķһγһ߷˳ȥݺײ˵ϡ
һѪ˳
˶뿴Ʒһоʲôʱ򣬺ȴƷѾ»Σղǳ˽ɫë˫ۿҲֻǴһ
ֻʱ򣬸˾ãֻһˣ
ǺܶྫӢӱԶķι̶סˣʮֵļ֣ǳƷȻ˸ɣƿ˷Ρ
ʲô޻ô
˲ɵþɲ˵ӳƷϱĵʵ̫ǿˣЩ߸ϵľӢӵĵ̡
ǶûгƷ㷱ิӵֶΣ͸ָĵơ
ǻ΢ӦһЩƷʤ׷ٸ߿֮ϣһż̤ȥ
Ȫ̤
Ʒһż̤ȥ񷶼Ҫˡ
˶ܹоһʱơ
Ȼһž׵ѧ
ѧǷ֮еѧҲ֪Ʒѧģʮ־ˣ֮еھѧҲ˿ġ
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̨ϵĵֱըѿǧɵĳˣУԶȻƴҪֵʱѾشˣֵܹס
һ˲䣬ݻķ֮Ѿֱɢˣش֮嶼Ѿάֲסˡ
ۣ
ԶһѪֻоȫĹͷˣ΢һ¶ѣȻͷβƷһ֣ûԼ䣬ҾȻôҡ
ͬ޵УڿмֿЦģ
ƫƫƷľҪ͵öˣһ˿һĽڶҲ˳Ʒϡ
ڣӦÿһʤ˰ɣƷȫƣ˵
ͻԶûޣԳֵʱֵġ
ŵӴȵĹھǳƷ
ʱվ˳˵
Ҳͬû飬ҲȻˣԶѾ͹Լеĵƣǻκβ˳ƷƷشˡ
Ҳûʲô˵ģӲӲıƷܣǵٴҲ޻˵
䣡
ڳ⣬һ˲зӯ죬˿Ʒ֮жŸԵĸо
ʱǲ֮ǰƷͻԶҪŴȵĹھǸʱ˶Ƿˡ
½ŵ˶ѣǷĺܣ
˭룬Ȼɱ˾
˶뵽ǣʤĻ˿õĻԶڴ֮ǰֻСĳƷ
ڲʤȡɻʤȫȫǴͷβѹ˻ԶԶˡ
޻˵ҪҲûκΰ취
û뵽ȻǳƷڣ
ǳƷҲ޻˵ȷʵƾʵӲģ
ǻԶƷǿһ콾ƽʱѵһһ֮гһ
콾ҲҪзֳʤʱȻƷҪȻԶ̫ˣ
۷׷ףȴû˾ûԶУϾԶս֮ǰҲѾȫչ˳ѷɫһЩӢӡ
Ȼûذܾ֣֪ƷսжôĿֲһЩӢӶҪԴ˹Ŀ࿴
ֻ˵ǿиǿ֣
һΣֻһʦҪѪ˰ɣһ˵˷۱ķ˶ٴۣŴȵĽɳµӣһٶڣ˭֪·ɱҧֱӾͱ
ҹҲǲưոݵģ
Ĺھδ֮·Բƽ̹
еĿⶼ۽˳Ʒϣ˵ıʱԵûôҪˡ
֮һץץһǬȻǬݸ˳Ʒ˵ΪھĽϣԺٽΪҷ¸ĺͣҷھԲй֮ģ
ƷոսӹǬأȶϿյ֮ϣһռĲ˴ֱǿ˽
һ£
һǾһ㣬ֱը졣
˽žͿһ˵Ľն䣬ֱӳųƷֱ۵ķնȥ
Ʒæ˻ǬɽͼĿռ֮У̧ͷȥȴһ˵Ӱֱѹס
һʦ֣
Ʒûпڣֳ̫̫һӾϳһ
Ͼһ洫ӣ仹½洫ӣ˶Ķ˵жˡ
˵Ŀ䵽˳ƷϣʣʱһǿдȶĿҲֻһǱǳƷ


1708 ƣ޷
һͻȻ٣ֱΧˣ
ţ˶ס˺
ʲô洫ӣ洫ӣ
ֻһ˾ͽѹƵѻȸԭʵΪǿķʱҲѹסˡ
ֻƾƣȺ۵
ȫȫͬĲΣҲΪʲô洫ӼڷȻ֮УȻӵųߵĵλԭˡ
ણણ
һֱٶȲ죬ŲҲ󣬵ȴ·ÿһ˵ͷʱݺݲȥ
ָоܵҪѪ·һסǵĲ޷һ
ܺãôĵӣ
һĮĿųƷȻ󿪿˵֮аޱߵĮ
˶ܹоһɿֲѹ˵ǳƷˣ˲䣬Ʒܹо˳֮еѪҺֹͣеķ޷˳Ķˡ
һ˾Ȼƾѹˣ洫ӵĿɴ˿ɼһ㡣
һóƷڽӵʱȴƷ͵һѿѹƣţϾͻָĿȨ
һѹƣ
Ʒ¶˼ЦҪ֪ǬԪ潻ֹǬԪش
һȻǿǺǬԪĸо˵ȴ֮
һĶԱȣƷܹоǬԪжôĿֲǬԪǺųƴĻʳһһˡ
ƺŵˮж󣬵Ǻʣܹĳƺô껹ûƷǬԪ㲻ǿҲǿ֮һˡ
ʵһܹᲢ۵ģ
ǬԪƶѹƷοһƣģƣֻóƷ΢ͣһ£Ժ֮еɢһ⣬һƸ⡣
ʵѹƣ˵ˣƾǾѹƣֻҪ㹻ǿ󣬷ܵ˿Ӱ죡
ţһЩȻĿųƷû뵽ƷȻڹϣƿơ
ʦ֣ⲻϹأ
ʱ򣬷ͻȻվ˳˵ʤѷ֣洫ҲûʸͣҷڷϺڣ
Ļʱ˶Ŀ࿴û뵽ʱһ֮£ȻվάƷû뵽ġ
أʲôأ˵Ļǹأ
һȴˣЦһ˵
СӣɱˣҷҾôˣֻ㻹ûôΪΪ洫˾ܺƽƽôһղΪ洫ӣֻǾӢӣû飬ҪϹܣĻܲ𣡡
һֻǵһ۷񣬷ʱͺ˺ü㣬ȴ˿á
ʱ˶ˣΪʲôվͷˣԭΪҲѾﵽһˣֻͻһֻǰˡ
еĸ߲Żᰲֽӹ࿼˵飬ⲻΪЩϵڵĸãҪһǿĸ
ͬʱֻҲǷһϵʦΪأҪΪ洫ӣ˾Եʵ֮⣬Ҫ㹻Ĺ
ҪΪ޴ĹףĻ˶ֻչе˽֮ͽֻȡḶܷչԶء
ȻһƲӣʵѾǰֱӴɳȥԼϣδ洫ӣôܱͬ洫ӵһסء
ʦ֣ؾǹأƻأѵŸ߲׷ô洫ӣҲ˰ɣ񲢲ʾЩˣƽģһôϺݺ˦˼ƣôưոݡ
Ҳ洫ӣλһǾ͸ˡ
ٸҳЩûõģ
һЦһһ֣Ȼֱӽס˷
ҷڱһţκξǶһЩ֮Լʦֵܶʹɱ֣֮ǰɱЩŵҲˣ˿еţ˵ɱɱˣһ֮ģ
֮ҰҷѾϻ£ȴ֪˴ɱ㵽˭ƣôһǳ˵ҪƷһ֮
ɱ˶ᱦ޷죬㻹ûнǷڵķȷ
ʱ˿һ֮жżֹŹ֣ﲻɵöˣʲô޳ܣ޳ܣղһ˵ʲôǷȹأǷȹأֿڿʳƷûнڵķȷֱ޷졣


1709 ǧһ
˶һʱմҵĸоһ޷죬ȴҪ޷ñӿڳƷͷϣ
ȻƷɱˣ׼ȷ˵ӦԼĽ֮£˵ŵӴȵʱҲûκһ涨˵ܳ
Ͼۣκܷ
ʱմҵĸо˶һֻĸо
Ҳͷһ֪ԭƷȻϵͬ洫ӵţû˲֪
кܶŵ洫ӵף֪֮ʢ
Ҳһƣ֪ƷȻЩϵѹֳƷȻܹõյӵĿˡ
˵ƷЩˣӦûʸڵĲŶԡ
ƷĿһһһһĴñӿԼͷϣĮЦ޳ܣһ޳֮ȡ
һԼǿʵֱӾͽƷ˹ƣ޷졣
ǿ벻̣Ʒޱȵı䣬жýһֱնɱͷ
ǴδԸǬԪģһǳģҪɱڻ˭Ȼˣһ洫
־ܣķ˲δ˼ģȥкξ壬Ҫ֪ʺͻʾָǴУڵĴв֪١
ҸڣĻʳΪδӪ˼׼Բðڡ
⣬ǹ죡
һ˲͸ܵ˳Ʒɱ⣬һ˲ŷɱ֮УȻомëȻĸоָоʱһյĸоԼȻһССŵӸķëˡ
˵õŴȵĹھ˶ҪˣȻˣҾʹִзȣҪ
һ˲ֱӳˣһ˲䣬ƷоĶɽȻҵĶҪֱӷһС
ȻɽѾƷһ׻ǶɽˣʵֱȳƷǿ̫ˣһӾҪɽӳƷжߡ
ڳƷһ˲ĬĬתĶɽסˡ
Ȼô̵ʱ֮ڣҵĶɽΪôô̫ˣ
һЦһɴ಻ȥץɽˣ͵һӻһֻ֣ųƷץȥ

һֻ͵һӴ˳ƷϷȴûܹгƷǱһֻҩסˡ
һֱֻɽӶȴûֱƿɽӶķƷǿжסһĹ
ףƷȻܹסʦֵĹ
ʦûгȫӦҲܹԸ˵ĲŶ԰
Ǹҩʲô֮ǰͿԸ˵ʱùˣû뵽ȴԶԶֹ˶ѣ
ǺöƣƷȻһ򵥵
˼Ʒܹ׾ٵĵֵסһĹʱҲЩȻ˶׳ƷһֻҩĲˡ
е˼ΪһУܶôһЦһǻǸûнƷ
ҪԸһƷʵټ򵥲ˡ

һһ⵱γɣͬһ㳯ųƷɱȥ
棬ÿһϵһӢӵȫһһûгȫҲһܹ˵ģÿһشɱƷ
Ʒ֮бһĽ⣬ĿһҪֱӶýһɱʱ
أʱһ׹ڳƷǰγһɫĹĻƷػС
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һ޴ĺЩ䵽һɫĹĻ֮ϣһ޴ĲǶûƿһɫĻ
ʲôˣҲҵ飡ʱһһĶסԶĻ֮ϡ
ղ˳֣סĽ⣬˳Ʒ
֪Ҫ˸ŵĻĹûܶԸƷᱻƷԽһɱ
ƷҲ̧֮ͷһȴһӰ̤ŶݹһһµŮӣپ£ʤѩһͷ١
Ȼ㣬һҧǰŮӣ˵
ʦ֣Υˣ
ʱŮҲˣǧһ֮ʣסһĹ
û뵽ʦôõʣȻҲۿŵӴôϴŵȻЦݡ


1710 һ
ʦãⲻ֪ôһҧĿ˵ֱƻˣһҪԸƷҲǱƻˣһӡ
Ī˲ɡ
뵽˫ҲһˣھӢӵĽ׶ΣѾйٳͻʱֻŭʤ
ʦãƷŴ֮ɱ˶ᱦ޷죬ѵҪɣһֱӾͽɱ˶ᱦ嵽˳ƷϣͼҪƷ޻˵
ʦˣ֮˱ͺ飬֮·ޱȣⱾǽѣɹȥԾţɲȥǾжˣҶɽ㲻Ѿ͸ôȻˣӦþͲĶˣǳƷսƷҲû๵أô
ĻʱһǿʶԳƷʱֱʹɱ֣Ʒʱһ׿ɾ˵ͨˣϾʵ֮£ҪôǿʶĶԸɲס
ʦô˵ҪҺ鿩һˮĶ˵
飬ҹܶˣղʦ˵ʲôƣȴͬˣͬʦֵܣʦ⻰ɲ
ɫȻ˵ʼմǳǳ΢Цһ˵ûа취ŭɫ
ãããòʦΪˣҪддˣ
һ˵
ϴʦҸոճΪ洫ӣѹҲ٣һΣٽɣ˵ʲôûãһ֪ˣ
Ҳ˿ϣֱ˵
ɲ㣬ȥһ˶ϰɣ
˵ţλһݹ⣬
һֻڶݺݵĿһ۳Ʒ֮󣬶ʱ͸ȥ
һ˾Ѿû˸߿֮С
ʱһˣղ洫ڳ˵ĿѹƵ˶˵ѣʱ뿪һϢĻᡣ
ٿ˳Ʒʱ֮ҲȻ˼ԭƷȻĺʦйϵ
ԭͷһӾʧˣԭǻƷӵеɽӶϾóһһĺñ
ǣĻҪǺúһˣϾǿɵﲻ洫ӡ
û֪ղʵǾ˳ƷһǾһһ
һ˲䣬Ʒ׼ˣҪһһɱ
棬Ʒһʲôԭ֣ʡһ
Ͼһһѹ׵ĵƣҪԸǬԪģԸһֱǴСˡ
ҲЩ֣ôʱ̳أʱǿˡ
Ȼһ˿ôùƷ۾
¡¡
һһ˶֪һĶһˡ
洫ӽ֣ǺεȺ˵ĳ˭˭ӮڶкܴӰ졣
ǵĿⶼƣ彻սڣֻԼԼĿһЩսನкΪˡ
Ҫ֪һսĵطѾǳңԶˣսನܹıо֪˫սĹģжôľˡ
洫ӵܰ־Ӣܱȵģ
ҵҲҪץҲҪ洫ӣضýݣ
ΨгΪ洫ӣһĴ
ЩӢӷ׷۷׷ףʮָпЩ֮Уˮ˫ȭա
ʱףԼ֮ǰĽֵһᣬȻѾҪΪ洫ˣǿҪΪ洫ӺѾ洫Ӹ£ر
ֻһ֮Ҳ֮
˵ĻһٷŭҪ˵ĻֱӾͱһˣȫ
洫𣬽˭ƶʹΨǿ󣬲ǿ
뵽Ŀֿ˳Ʒ֪ΪʲôܾóƷȫȻһָоǾڸղţһֳƷҪɱеĸо
ȻûȴŲɣ
ΪߵĵУֻ֪ƷҪأ
ǳƷŹ˰꣬ƷѾӽ𵤾۷뵽龳۷壬ٶҲ̫˰ɡ
ѵһﲻɣ
أ˺˼ʱ֮ϵսѾֳʤ


1711 һ֮Լ
֮ʤѷ֣
˴ԼһߣһģмǱ֮ǰİԵ
ʦããããҾ͸һӣʱ֣һڶɽҵĶҪû
һڵ
˶֪һǷʾˣȻ֮Ľ棬ʤһ
֪֮ˣɵðͳ棬Ҫ֪Ϊ洫ӵʱһҪ̵Ķˣһһ룬ڿȻռϷ磬Ƶһò
˳Ʒ˵ɽѾǳʦܵսƷҿɲԽ޴ң
˵Ŀⶼе˳Ʒϣ漴˶û뵽鷢ˡ
Ʒֱһǰ˵ҵսƷûȥҲԣҪ˵
ʲôһЦˣĪƷΪɥ֮ȮɣһŵҲս
ǲ֪
һ̨ϣӮˣɽûȥƷ˵
˲
Ƿ˰ɣһҪսʦ֣
һʱ䣬ôܣ
һʱ䣬ѵҪһҹô
ҿʦָɣ
ҲǣʦʲôǸ߸ϵ洫ӣƷֻŵӣʲôʸսսʦֶҪĻʦÿӦսͣˣ
ҿǻȡˣΪôʦֵĶ֣һҲˣȻֻǽգһ֮
ǿʦĸ֦Ҳûа취Աɣ
ҵвͬĿǴʦִӦˣһ֮ڲ鷳ⲻȡһʱ䣡
ȡһʱʲôãʮ˵мֻᣡ
۷׷ף˶ȫóƷٿƷʱ򣬺ڿһһ
Ҳü΢֮ҲмȻû뵽ƷȻҪ
ȻҪûеӣǾ͵û˵Ҳ׷ɱңҲν
Ʒ˵
ֻҪһ꣬һ֮ұն㣡
һ
һЦˣЦһ˵ҲӦΪ㣿һ֮ɱңΪ˭ãҾ͸һʱ䣬һ֮ն㣬ʱҲ޻˵ˣ
һ˵ţֱһ˦֮󣬵̤Ŷݹŭȥˡ
ȻĿŭȥһ˭Ҳû뵽һȻѡӦ
̨֮еӶԹĵطһ̨Ǿˡ
漴Ŀɨ˳Ʒһʱ䣬ƷʲôܹһܹһԱ
뵽Ǹһ档
òѹǴʱɣȻһ󣬸Ͳ̨ɣ
ҲĿԵģϾΪ˵㲻̨ҲǶѣأ
ô򵥣ȻѾսʦôưոݣʱ̨ɾɲˣ
۷׷ףһ̨֮֮ԼҲƾն˼ڴûųƷӵлһʵ
ŵӴĻһսȴ׺䶯ڣǱ֮ˣٶš
һոŵ½ӾȻȡ˵һҸ˺Ȼǣ½ӾȻ洫һսһ̨֮һսһս
һʱ䣬˻ȻһʼȫţǰһѾ㹻ٵˣ˵ǺŵӾȻս洫һֱǲ˼顣
һʱ䣬Ȼ󲨣˲ٵ洫ӣ洫Ӷֳ˶ԳƷȤ
һʱ˵˵̲̣û˿óƷ˸뿴ǣһ֮һսΡ
½ŵĵӺʣҲһҹ֮䣬ڡ
洫ɽ壬·е֮С
ߴΰ̻һŷɵͼмƮȻ
֮ϣƷ״
һζʦм
Ʒ˵
ɨһ۳Ʒ촽򣬵㱾Ƽģ鷳Ӹԭ˵ҲΪң鷳ҲңȻԹۣ
㣬Ŷ̶̰꣬Ȼеزˣ
˵ţһ˫˸־֮ɫٵ֪˶̶̰ƷĽȵʱ򣬾̬Ҳɵ˼ֲ


1712 ˭ɱ˭һ
ҲͬţȻҲԳΪ洫ӻһһ£Ȼʤһ
Ǽ츳ͼʶҲû˵˾˵Ľٶȵġ
ʱ䣬һţҲһСѡ
ǳƷĽٶȣֱǿԽԵģ
ٶɵ¶˼𾪵ɫ
ǽҶѣ
ƷЦ˵
ңҿɲǽң
ȻųƷֻǽҶѣȷʵΪ̷ʲôĵر̶̰ʱΪѾһǧˡ
ڵ;ʱ򣬶ڡ
οɨһ۾֪Ʒĸޱȵι̣ͻȻġ
෴ģһһӡġ
һ㣬Ҳомͳ档
ҲûΪÿ˶ԼܣͳƷ֮ĹϵûϤǸز׷顣
˵Ǵɻ䡣
ĵӻǴȻһֻǸճΪ洫ʱ䲻ΪҲԶ֮ϣȻҷս
ЦЦĿųƷ˵
ǿǿ˭ǬԪˣҲ־ܣ
Ʒն˵
ҵֵû־ĸ֣
һĳƷ
̲סΪƷƴЦ˵
֪ô͵ģʵڣʵҵҲȻǲֵһģؼǣڶǿ߻ȭ̬ɲÿһ˶еģ
ʱڻȻˣΪʲôԼͬƷæˣʵǱƷָ̬߰ˡ
ÿ˶֪£Ȼҷս
лʦ佱ƷЦ˵
֪ΪʲôһӦսôʵ
ԼܹµһЩ
Ʒ˵
ƷһȻӣɵÿ˵ҺΪж꣬뷨ҵȻײˣǸʱѾǶ㶯ɱˣⲻ˳ˮ۶ѣɱ㣬պ˿ɳ֮
֪Ʒ˵ͷЩȻóһȻԵȴɵ֪ƷǼ£Ӧһ̨֮ǳ׼˻Թɱô
ڳƷϮ
붼ûϾƷֻŵӣһ֮ڣǳ˳Ҳж
֪㻹ô㲻ҪС洫ӣ֪ʵǿֻ»еδ˵ѰӢҲδĶ֣Ϊ洫Ӻ;ӢȣֻǿһЩĻʹشˣ
Ʒ벻ӣɵüͷ΢һЩ
Ѱ龳۷ĵӣǰʮۼһҲסҵһһʵѷҲ뾭ܹĵģ
׵ģлʦѣ
Ʒ˵ͷ˹ֱ֣˵
Ʒһ仰û˵ҲһҪûɱֺγûɱһ
ǬԪȣһ·ϵһʯѣᲢۣһϵĴڡ
һĴȴʵʵвڵ棬Ҫ취һ
ȡһʱ䣬ô
ƷЦЦһ֮˭ʤ˭δж
Ҫ˵һնɱǬԪƷûİգֻһĻȴ
δҪʵ£֤һһʲô
һꣿ˵̫ˣһ̫˽ˣĺȻ˵һʱ䣬¾Բһʱ䣬ͻȻҲûпܵģֱӿ˵֪ҺĶԹôһδûгΪ洫ӵʱһΪ洫ӣ⵽ʿ׷ɱЩɥһЩѹ׵ֶΣֻ¾Ҫ⣬ˣȻû֤ݣҿԶ϶϶һйϵҵʵѰ龳۷嶼ҵĶ֣Ҿһοأ
ƷҲǵһ֪һ֮ȻĶԹ
򲻿Ϊһʱ䣡˵
лʦ㣬ҼȻô˵ȻаգԼǰǰɱңҶаȫˣɱˣõһ꣬Ҿ֮أ
Ʒն
ȾˣҲ֪Ʒʲôƣ뵽֮ǰ֮ǰƷһƴģֻµʱƷնһĴɡ
ʲôֶΣܲ׶þͱ׶ãζĿһ۳Ʒڻһ鷳ǹ飬ܿҪˣ


1713 չأ
˵ͥҪΪӢ֮ŻôƷɫ΢䣬˵
ȷʵֻгΪӢ֮ͥǱ߲ŻչأÿһŵӴȵĵһͻԶΪӢӣΪĿǰΪֹûһŵӴȵĹھ޷ͻƵ龳
ƷԭΪҪͻƵ龳֮󣬲ŻӵͥȵͻƵ龳洫Ҷһʱͥʲôɽ
ǰΪӢӣ˵еֲҲţϾȻǱǿнģսҲӢӵġ
ڣҪδְְǲһģ˵ⷽǿѡģҷڵӶ붼ǴӾ߼һЩִĲţǴӾܵõҷڵıǴģǻǺȻԺ£ȻҷҲǰڳΪ٣ǹְߵҲһɶѣ
ҴӾѾ˹滮ӾƷһѾˣѡӾԲֻǷھϵͳ֮ǿҪǣӾ֮ͿԹԼ
ţҲҪСˣΪһԲưոݵģʱҪǰطְ뿪˷ڣĻ̫ˣ˵
лʦѣѾ׼ˣ
Ʒ˵ͷ
һҪȥչһεãͲʦˣݷã
ã
˵ͷ
֮󣬳ƷصԼס֮󣬵ȲĴǬһζڵĽ
Ʒһ֮ǰȳ˵Ĳ࣬һƷʯ֮⣬һöɹټϻһƷԻᦡ
ԻһɫӣΪӣֻһЩµĻƣ֮⣬ۣڳƷ̽˽ȥ֮󣬺ܿ͸Իᦵá
˵ҲǼΪѵãȲֱҲصģ෴ģһֱӲٿĵӡ
ʹߵĹ㹻ǿĻֱӽִߣתΪԼū
ⱾõķǷһаŵʱɻķһֱڱ֮С
ַǲʹ͸ӵģΪⲢŵ磬һһ֮£ųΪ˽
ƷˣֻһԼԻʲô뷨ĻҲỨôȥֻϧ̫ûܹڣ˳Ʒˡ
뵽ƷЦʲô͵ʴף͵ʴף
Ȼ䵽ҵΪã
Ʒ΢΢һЦȻԻᦲֱķõĺõĻǱѰҪ̫ˡ
Ҫķɹջˡ
ɹһƷӡһ֮УֹɢǳƷܹ֪ɹ֮УӴ̺Ϊˡ
ȷ÷ɹ̥ǵɱ˵ǸʱֱӾͿԿⶴ龳ľӢӣ㲻꣬սҲһ츲صı仯Ʒܿ⣬Ͳԥ
ֱӽɽͼĿռ֮УȻȷ˰֮Уǰһöɹֱſڣɹ˸С
ʱɹֱӾͻһɺ֮е֫ٺС
ƷܹоɹֱɢԼÿһϸ֮Уڷ˺֮еÿһϸÿһ˺Ʒ޴ʹֱ࣬Ӵ޸
ƻ޸ĹУƷҲھһɱһ
Ѱ˸ܲסɹӴҩǶ龳ľӢҲˡ
ԳƷȫжϣɹһרˣͲǸõģ෴ģӦǸԼʹõġ
Щıǽ˵ͷˣͳͳΪƷ˼¡
ǳƷȴͬʼս壬һѰܹ˵ģͽֶԿǺεȺ˵ʡ
ƷӲס˱һֲŰһתʼһȻתΪĹ
Щɹд붼ˣٳһӾ׵ǿͻơ
һС룬ǱƷգΪͻƵʱƷѾ龳۷壬ڸһӴĳ֮£ֱӳ龳
ͬʱƷԺ֮еɢ˵Ĺâڵʼ֮ڿ龳ļ;ͳͳ˳һ˵ٶȱƷںϡ


1714 ͻƣ龳
תĹ֮УǬ֮еϰƷʯҲϵķֱӻһʯӡ
أ
أ
أ
Щʯһһѿֱӻ촿ӿ˳ƷĴ֮УƷա
Ʒչ֮У˿ķɣΪޱǿ󣬿ͬʱü飬üÿһޱȵΣա
ΪˣŲ˿иһСľͿȫ߱
ͬʱڿ龳Ҳһ˵ٶԭʵļ˵ҲֻһμѣϾһ¼ѣĲϽЩȫ˳Ʒľ磬Ѿ˿龳һ
ڿ龳һжָƣ
ųƷڿ龳һй˽ԽԽܹ࣬оڷתԽԽ죬ͻƵٶԽԽ졣
ʱ䣬ƷҲŷɹ֮еϵضͻƿ龳
أ֮Уһɿµÿһë֮ͷ˳γ˿µ񳱡
һ˲䣬Щ񳱾±ɽ˳Ʒ֮УɽͼĿռ֮У»ָƽ
Ʒһ˲Ѿס˾棡
ģ۾
ͻˣ
Ʒڣڼû˵мɳƣǶƲסϲ顣
Ϊڴ龳ֱͻƵ˿龳ˣΪ˵˷츲صı仯
龳龳֮Ĳ֮Ȼӹɣ龳֮УƵĴˡ
̶ʱ䣬Ϊ龳۷һͻƵ˿龳۷壬ɹҩȻֻһֶѣⱾǸ洫ϵõģ֪жôӴ
ֱӽƷΪƵ˿龳۷壬ޱȵȹֱ̣ӳ龳ڡ
ʵϣǳƷ˴󲿷ֵķɹҩƷֱͻƵ龳ڶпܡ
ҲڣΪĻʼսһ޴ͻƣ˵ԭƷֻͽֿѰĻôڳƷͽֱӴ򱬼Ʒ
ǳԽķֻѰ޷˺ǴӸս𵥴ֻǾϵҪóƷо˷ܡ
ƷսҲ˵ɴֱһ̨ףԭҪܿⶴ龳ľӢӣֱӾͿԴ򱬶龳ڵľӢӣ֮ڣ޵С
˶龳ڵľӢӣҲ޾壬ΪĻ˵Ѱ龳ڵĵӶᱻֱӴ򱬡
ս֮׺ڿ龳֮УҲ˵ǿ˸ˣ
Ҳˣȵڹһ֮󣬾Ϳ˳ͻƣʣµһöħҲˣǸʱΪٽһ϶ɽʲô龳Ҷ£ʱֻҪ洫Ӽĸ֣ն٣
ƷЦһֻҪΪٽһ֮󣬾Ϳƥж龳۷ĸ֣Ǹʱ򣬳һԶ׷ɱ޾塣
һԶ֣ϻɽӶҲ޾壬˵ûʲôµġ
һΪһ֮ڣƷܳɳܹвĵزĴشˡ
Ѱ˽ٶƷǲ̫Цˡ
ͻ֮󣬳ƷûмչأΪȳǰݼ
Ժ֮еͤУƷʯ֮ϣȳվһԣ֮ޱȵĹ
ʦ֣ʱ֮УΪʦŴ֮϶ڣҲ˳˲ٵ֣ʱʦҪǰطְȻҪһЩԼ˵ģʦֹĿ
ȳ˵ţóһö
Ʒӹ򣬽̽УʱȻˣһͶ˳Ʒķŵӵ
һ¼ʮˣÿһ˳֮⣬¼ΪƷΣһЩϵȵȣΪϸ
ʱ䣬ȳƾѾѼô࣬ɼ˵ġ
Ʒ˵ͷ˵Ĳ
ʦҪǿǵĿǰ˻ҪԾӪΪҲҪԵľӢȱģЩ˶ŵлδϵеٮٮˣÿһҾϸѡģû⣡
ȳƿ˵Ʒ֮дżָмҲѾõһŴȵĽνδķ˵ֱҷһ
ЩǳƷģȻҲˡ
ʱ䣬ҲæĹǺƷŴϴͷȻ˶һвڹǣĽŵӻзǳġ
ɸѡͽ۵ùǺ


1715 
ȻһвǰΪŵӴȵĹھʮ˵ġ
֪ж˴źȳһ⣬ҪΪƷĴԳƷչֳ츳δпܳΪ洫ӡ
˵ĻôЩҲ˵һ˵õȮˡ
Ȼô˵еԱۣ˵ҲǷǳѵõˣϾÿһ˶츳Լһġ
Ƕȳһֻȳ֮£ҪɸѡɽȳƸæˡ
ȳӵеһУǳƷģȻҲİ£Ƿ֮еƵˣƽʱɽ¶ˮǶںܶϢָơ
ɸѡǴѡʮѡʮˣҲѰ龳ڵĵӣǿĻ龳ڵĵӡ
Щŵ֮ҲƵٮٮˣΪƷҪߣȻսĻȻûа취ͳƷᲢۡ

ƷЩϣЩӵȻ㲻μģμЩӵȻῼͶƷ
ĿǰĳƷ˵Ҳˡ
ʱҲˣЩҩֱ͸ǣҸǵļ񣬻оҲҪˣҾҪȥطְʱҲٲİģĿǰΪҪ龳ܰң
ƷȳƵ
ŵ
ȳƶʱʮּ˵Ʒ˼ҪΪӢӰ
Ҫ֪ԭ츳˵ⱲҲδܹΪӢӣֻһ֮Ҳ֪ס˶ˣҪ붴龳Ҳûпܣǳ֮󣬾ͻᱻӵӵ֮иΪڵĸֹ¡
ЩͶһĳ̶ȣѾûжǱڵȻҲռݸԴˡ
ԭпܾ³˳Ʒİһжȫͬˣȫп͵֮ǰͻƣΪӢӣݺ͵λȫͬˡ
֣ԼԽĿ͸λ½ŵĳʦˣ˵ԭоԼһʦֵıߵĻôȴоƷˣĿ֮һ㡣
֪ԼĸодǾֻһֿˣǾǳƷΪƺˡ
ûлɣֻƷˣƷںͬһƷǴȻԽǿԽá
ͬʱڳƷΪĽҲǸо棬Źȥ˶죬ΪȻز
Ʒϴδ͸ȳƵĵҩһָʮöֱ͸ЩԸͶŵӡ
Լˣһһ㶼СģοҲҪЩδԼִƾӡ
ȻܼҪҪԲݣ
ȳ뿪֮󣬳ƷԼҪӾԸ걨֮󣬾Ϳʼĵȴͥ´䡣
Լֽɽͼ֮Уһ߹еΪһߵȴ
۶ʳǱϲԶУУһɫ۵߾֮ϣˮȴһѰ󼰵ȡ
·һٷӣ꣬ϻżֹɫ
ԭɫ۵겻ǱˣͷոݵĻǬԪ
ڴ֮ͥУǬԪνǷͷ˵ҲΣһͳոݣǶƽ͹͵飬֪ͷȴǬԪС
̶ܳȿ֪
Ϊȴޱȵǿδл⹫Ҳһͥ²֪ٹԱ¶Ҳ·
үرעǸƷѾϢˣѾϱˣǴӾһĹʮŵľӢӿΪһӪУξͳˣ֪үʲôָʾ
ԱǬԪ˵
һ˵ֱڱȨЩԺյĺүҲûа취ֵģڲ漰˷֮һѰľӢӣ̸ʲô¡
ľӢӣÿ궼ҪŲ֪ˣȫԴ֪
ᵽ˳ƷǬԪϵļ΢΢뵽˵ȻᱻƷ㣬ܵˣֱⱲǰδеܴ衣
ԳϰţСʱõϹŵĵͳ֮УѲʮѾΪĻʳ˵˳˳ˮΨһһˣ˳ƷϣβʹԼ޴棬ؾ˰ĳƷء
ܺãмô͵̩Ǻˣ룬ܺõĹ÷


1716 նǬԪ
ܿ죬һͥί״͵˷֮С
ί״Ҳʲôܣܿʹ˷֮С
̩Уξ
̩ǣǲ߱Ǹ߾֮ôȻ˵
Ǹ߾֮ǣ˵Ѿ˺üУξˣЩɶǶ龳۷ǿߣĲףôһǰȥأ
̩ǵ̫ˣֱǰߣǺ壬ϱ߾壬ĽߣҶ˵üУξĲˣ
ĳƷڳҲ˿
ʱ䣬ƷڷϢҲˣ
һͥԺУƷͥί״̩Уξ
Ʒһ£մĻʳľƣУξӦڶ߲еĵطפزӣһУξһǷֹҵĲӡ
ҲǺܳΨһͬѰģصĵط
߾̩ǣ
ʦ֣ǳģְǵ߾صģһ㶼ڵصĳسפزŶԣڳƷǰȳ˵϶һĹ
ᣬһûôı£
ƷҡҡͷƷʱ䣬ڴĻʳĸƶҲһ˽⣬ڴĻʳ֮УƹܱµȵľǴĻʳеıڱ֮ϣһֱ˾̫ξ
̫ξ̫ξ֮һǴĻʳ˵۷壬ͬʱҲĻʳ֮һһΪɲ⣬֮жŵϺš
̫ξһ㶼ָսԼƻֱӸɱпˡ
ǼǱҲ֮һνλȨأǳ͢һƷԱԷڵƽԶԡ
һʲôܹ浽ԱǸܡ
Ȼһڷ֮洫ӣλ߸ϣڱȻǰʲôӡ
ʱԺ֮У뵽һǬԪ˵еͬʱλȨأԶԱһ̶ӰģҲֻлǬԪˡ
ܿʹڡ
ǳƷ˳дϢҲһӴ˷ڣܿ죬и׼ȷϢ
ԳƷ˳Ʒפ֮صˣǱˣȻĻǬԪ
ŵϢ֮󣬲ɵõһ˶ףƷǺεºܾȻܹǵǬԪ
Ҫ֪֮ǰȻƷһǺͻǬԪһƨһϵĴڡ
һǬԪʮһٸһĺҪأһ֮еһĴڣһΪɲ⡣
˿ƷǬԪ֮Ĳ࣬ӦһĲ࣬ϵ͵ϵ֮Ĳࡣ
ϵϵĽϵôںǾ£ǬԪȴԳѹƷ
ǬԪûԼ˼֪
˶֪ǬԪھһЩˣƷĵˣ˭Ұ˭ĵˣ
ֳľ棬Ҳ˺󱳷׳ƷǽǬԪжݣ
ǬԪĴԳֶԸ
ȻǬԪ
ͥԺУƷʯ֮ϣȳƸոѼԣ֮ǰ²һ޶ǬԪ
ǬԪмԼĴڣҪҪƷˣ˭ҰƷĵˡ
Ȼǻ
ȳɫ΢΢ףҲû뵽ԼϴȻôµ
ǬԪһʲôˡ
ѹֳʦһ治ɫˣֻ˵һʲôǬԪλֱӵ
ôôƷһȳƣ
سʦ֣СҲŹųʦֱضа취ģȳƿһ۳Ʒ˵
Ʒ˿ȳƣ˵ͷȳƵûƭ˵ʲô󻰡
ǬԪʲôңҪնƷЦһ˵ϴãûնһΣڣ
ȳƶʱ˶Ҫסˣ·ʲôһԭƷɲֻǽǬԪô򵥡
ȻǬԪˣ
ճƷǿƺʱնǬԪ
ʱΪʲôǬԪĴȻԳԳƷˡ
һȥֻ̾ҪȻˡ
Ҵ٣֪ƷôģΨͲܽ˶㲻׵⡣
Ʒϵɱ⣬ǬԪͱΪУ˫һս


1717 Ǭ
һƷûлɹ
ⱦ̩ǵǸʲôطƷʵ
ȳƵسʦ֣ⱦ̩ǸҲ鵽Ϣһаŵĵط
̩߾֮ǣҴĻʳսʮǰ⵽֣αһǽµǻ֮پټ̫ξǧֱһߵսȻǽǰߵĵطȳ˵ұ̩Ǳٺ壬壬м壬˵ն֮ҵ粻ǰУξҲĲף˵˾ļΪ
ȳѼ鱨кܶ࣬鱨жܹоĳʣⱦ̩Ǿһն֮أ
ν̶Ѩ
ƷЦ˵Ȼһ̶Ѩ֮أǬԪΪͿԶԸҵĻǾǴشˣ
ʦ֣ô죬ĵ飬޷ܾģȳ˵
ģаգ˵Ҷأʲô
Ʒ
㴫ȥô׼һ³
ˣ
ȳæ˵ͷ
ƷȳƣǬԪԼ̩ǣֻӵСѣֶ֮ζóˣ뿪˷֮Σճ̶Ҳ˲
Ա鲻սҲּۻۡ
ڵ֮ʣԼʵֻԼʵ㹻ǿ󣬲ܹⱻǬԪһֽŸɵ
뵽Ʒʱ˼ȸС
սҪͻƵǬſԣ
Ʒ۾磬ֻǿ龳ѣҪͻƵ龳֮ϣʱֻǺս;ǶԵȵģսһֱԶԶľ硣
龳֮ϻиߵľ磬ǱǬ
ˣǬ컯Ӷٳһ֮·
龳֮󣬱Ǭ
Ǭ֮ǰֻСͨߣȻһЩͨǶ˳У㲻ʲôһͻ龳֮󣬱ɳ֮Ϊ󣬾Ǵͨߡ
زǬΪΪ֮תʵ֮ǿ龳ܹĵġ
ҲΪʲôͻƵǬ洫һλߣνǸ߸ϡ
ΪͻƵǬ֮һξ޴ɱ䣬壬һͻǧꡣ
ɴ˿֪Ǭˡ
˵ƴҪеǬΪ洫ӣкܴһԭԪԸһ
౾ǳٵ壬ÿһԪҪֶǧ̵Ŀ¡
ҲƣһһǧӴ鲻֪Ҫ϶١
ΨеǬ֮ǬԪԱܹ֮һ֮նɱһ
ͷһöħ㹻ΪһǸʱΪֽһ޴
˶Ϊ½ľӢӣΪ»綴龳ĴڣǸû֪սѰƵľӢӶǶ֣¾ͿԺɱ
ʱ䣬ʱ䣬ȱľʱˣƷ⣬ת뵽һð취
ͬʱƷУһͬõ˳Ʒǰְ̩顣
֮ϣһ۾֮˸żĹâ
û뵽һ֮ˣȻ˻ǬԪ
һ˵뵽֣˵мһǬԪʱ洫ӶǣʱǬԪѾ¡
־µ޵ѾεӡԺ֮С
˵ǬԪЩ洫׷ϵĿꡣ
ֻܹǬԪȼȴࡣ
Ƿ䣬ǶǬԪʵǴĵϿɵġ
ǼǬԪΣҪɱ㣬Ҫ˵һЦһ֮ԼǺǣ
ûнνһ֮Լһϰˣǵʱ˼ĴڣӦʲôһ֮ԼֱӴɱˡ
뿪˷ڣҿҪô㣬ְ̩ǣҿûҪ̩ҲôУξˣһأ
뵽һ¶˼ЦݣֱӺĸԸһЩ֮뿪ǰ󷽱չ֮ء
ܿ죬Ŀ֮УƷʮһ׷߳ˣ˴۾ǣǲûмŶݹǰ̩ǣ෴һȺŴֱڿո̩ǵķ
Ʒ˵ٶȲƺżӡ
Ҳ⣬֪һ̶Ѩ˭żȥ
Ȼû֪һߣ


1718 龳ڣǿϮ
Ļʳӽ߾һٵĹٵʮУһһȺŸߴһǰǰС
ȳһͷߴĿⲻɨԶм־衣
ͬʮʿÿһǾϴ뺷ϢһθųƷһͬǰ̩ǵ׷ߡ
Ȼһ·ϣƽһЩС֮һЩʿϵϢɲ⣬鷳
Ȼڷ֮в㶥Ĵڣ˵һ֡
һЩеŵľӢ֣ҲǺΪ൱ѡ
ȳɲ˿ɣΪҲ֪Ʒǵ˲һһ·϶û£ھû¡
ҲΪʲôƷûֱӷȥ̩ǣĻĿԾСĶˡ
˷֮󣬳ƷͻһȻͽУӶƵǰС
ȫһżģڱڸϸְϱȽϳԣ
Ȼжɻȴû˸ҵȥʳƷ
ʱ֮УȴǿһˣƷѹͲ֮Уֱӽɽͼ֮УȳǴǰ
ɽͼУƷڸ߿֮ϣȫɢŵĹâÿһë׶ɢ뵡
һɿֲ֮вϴˢ֮еϸ
ɽ治֪ʣѾȥһ£ȳٶȣܣǧҹа˰Ҳ⡣
һµʱ䣬ҲѾƽ˴Ļʳı߾뱦̩ǣҲֻһյ·ˡ
Խǿ߾ԽܹоɱϢ򶼺͸زͬһһ㣬ɭϣϾӽ߾ȥ֮УҲʱΪս
䣡
һ޴ĺӳƷ֮б˳ֱӻһɺֱӻһɿֲı磬Լͳ˱ġ
ܹоԭ赲ǰĿ龳ڵϱһɺ˲忪
ľ羶ֱɱ˿龳ڣ
̶һµʱ䣬нսһ̨ףٶȲν졣
ͬʱҲԼĿǰͷܹõĵҩҲͳͳù⣬ЧҲǼΪ̶ʱ䣬ʹԭ龳۷壬̨ףʵֹǿһ
֮⣬ԭŵӴȹھϰƷʯҲѾ˹룬Ʒٶȼ죬ͬģĵĸԴͲƸҲѰ޷˵ġ
ҲΪʲôƷҪѡڵԭûзڵ֧֣ҪĽѶȾʹ̫ˡ
ΪҪһҪ붴龳ſԣ
Ʒ⣬Ĺܹ붴龳аܹǬĸ֡
ǸʱӵһϯԱ֮
أʱͻȻһоһɼΣյϢϮ
ֱ̧ͷ۾գȴһֻµĴֱִ˴ӵеһ
أ
һ˲䱻Ƭһĳࡣ
ʲôˣȳƼһ˲ͱѣæһ쿴ȥȴ֮ϣ֪ʲôʱѾһȺµӰ
ЩÿһϵϢΪ뺷ǵض˷Բ֮ڣɲǼ䣬ƽȳƵѹƵĶá
ȳƵ¶˼־飬龳һȺ˾ȻǶ龳ĸ֡
Ҫ֪龳ĸֿɲǴײˣȻǬǰ㣬Ѿͳν׼߸ϣ΢ŵҲǶ龳ѡ
ڴĻʳУӾԵУξıһ֪ظĸ٣˵൱
Щ϶ŨѪ֮żаԶʲô
ʲôƷҲˣһƾֱˣ
ʱǺ˵쿪˵֮оһ֮ǰǻ棬Ʒթ֮ͬʱΪɲ⣬һҪСġ
һҲʢѸȻзŴȹھͷվҲֻһŵӣ龳ѡ
Щ龳ĸּ֣ΧһĿ龳ֱǳ˺ô
˵Ҳһնɱɾ˭ҲܷŹ
ǺһʱЩ˷׷ж˷ȳƵ˹˹ȥ
ƴˣ
ȳһҧʱ˵ʲôѾˣЩ˶ǷڵĵеٮٮߣپҲ־ܡ
һȺԲ֮ˣ
ȺУ˹Ц˵Ļ䣬ؾ͸оһۣȻԼĺ󱳡
ˣ
ԼԴȻ˳ȥԲܹԼĺ󱳡
һȺ


1719 ɱ
һз̫죬һգ֮䣬һоѾˡ
кȺûзӦֻһͻȻһӸ˳ǸȺһ㷴ӦûУֱӾͱնɱ
ʲôˣ
ЩȺÿһǶ龳ĸ֣ÿ˶ǴʬɽѪ֮ɱģǵķӦر죬ϾͷӦ˹
ǼˣǸûκôոֳһ׶ûУֱӾͶȺ塣
ͣ
ͣ
Ⱥɴ۾û뵽ԼȻô򵥵ĸնɱˣ˵涼ûм
ʬ֮е
⵽նɱסЩȺһͣס˽ŲﻹҼ׷ɱȳƵˡ
þˣ
ȳƵ˶ʱһһִӹŹһĸо
⽣ǡʦ֣ȳȷӦΪƷֽ֣ʵ̫Ϥˡ
ʲôˣͷ¶βʲôӢۺú
ʱǺȺʱһ֮˸ɱ⣬ŭڡ
Щֵ֪ܲ˶ΧˣʬɽѪ֮ɱ¾ûȴĪܲŭɶ
Ⱥͷ¶β޵󱲣˵ʲôͷ¶βǿЦ
һʵȴһӰƾճ֮УȴǳƷ˭ء
Ȼǳʦ֣Ҿ˵ʦֲô򵥾ͱɱģ
ȳƾϲӵ˵ҲǷ׷¶ϲɫƷ֣˲һĹǡ
ԭ㻹û
ǺȺĶס˳ƷΪƷԼɱˣ˭֪ȻûɱԼ֡
Сˣ
ƷĿһȺ죬ʣǲףֱӶ֣ܵ˵ָʹֻǲ֪˾˭ѡ
νˣΪһǬԪûбˣ˶Уȷϣ綼һս
㵽׶ôĽƻҾҪʬΣܰٹɣͷ֮ޣ
Ⱥһ
ƷЦһ˵ɱңǾͿܲˣʼȱһͣǵӣҲ֮պͳͳԴͣһȺ龳ĵȻҲѰ֮պøһͽ𣡡
ǺȺƷǵû˿ţ෴ģҿڳԣʱŭֱӴȵϣɱɱˣСģͽթ
ЩȺĻ׷׹ֽųɱ˷γɺΧ֮ƣЩƺúϻ֮һ֣γһơ
ƷҲֱһΣ̤һ⣬һ˲䣬ѾһȺǰ
ͣ
ȺӦֱӱһնͷ­

ЩȺ״׷ŭһֹҪ䵽Ʒϡ
ʱȴƷͷϳһҩػУЩָĹͳͳҩգ޷ԳƷв
ƾЩƷһһֱֻץסɽӶһǣټɽӶֱӱ趯Ȼγ˿µĿ񳱡
أ
һȺֱӾͱɽӶУʱһѪ˲䵹˳ȥݺײ˵ϣ㶯Ҳˡ
һ龳ĸ֣ȻƷɽӶһֱ
һһ龳ĺȺ֮󣬳Ʒû˿ֱͣ͵һɽӶӭǣʱǵһСɽһĴС
أ
أ
أ
˲䣬ǼȺУҵԽѣ鿪
Ƭ֮䣬ƷȻͽЩȺɱ룬ЩȺȻǶ龳ĸ֣϶Ƕ龳ڣ߶龳ڶѣڶ龳֮и㲻϶ĴڣֵסƷĹ
Ʒľɱ¾ֱӽЩȺ±ˣǲûɱ¾ǿĶҲм
ûƷô򵥴ֱɱ¾ӣֱӾɽӶӲңеֱӾһ֡
ƷһֲĹɽӶļӳ֮£ӵ˼£ǵһ֪һȻֲܿز
ƫƫɽӶƷߣ᲻ɴݣֻҪУһ֡
ǶǺηĺˣȻʱɱƷɱõ
ʱǺȺŭڣֱѽѽһֱųƷ˹
ֻ΢һûֱӳ֣Լ¾ͱƷնɱ룬ʣµļҲƵˡ


1720 ˺ѼƷ
Ʒ˭˶Ȳ㣡
Ⱥһŭȫ˲ͷ˳һѹ˵ơ
ȳƵ˷·֮Уˣ·סǵĲһ
ȺѰĺȺҪǿ̫ˣ
龳۷壬ȻǶ龳۷壡ȳ֮־ֵ飬м־
Ҫ֪ɲѰĶ龳˵ѰĶ龳ǻĿԡ
Ƕ龳۷壬ڷ֮Уڶ֮еٮٮߣ洫ӣлͻƵǬΪ˵е洫ӡ
ǾӢ֮еĴ
£ҲͷʵλͲͬˣ
Ҳû뵽һ׷ɱƷĸ֣ȻĶ龳۷ĸ֣֪˵ж޳ƷϸƷ˿ܡ
ϧ̫ϧˣ
Ʒ治ɫȺܹסˣȴŲסⱳ֮˿νСƵ˼㣬ǽȥˡ
ΨһûƵģžڳƷʵԶԶǵˡ

ǺȺһȣʱȻ˼ٵĹ·һ˲䣬ؼ
ɲǼ䣬´䣬ԭգһ˲·һһ
Ʒ̧ͷһ֮ϲ֪ʲôʱѾƯһ޴ޱȵӡ緣ӡѰӡ緲ͬͨҺɫӡ֮Ͽ̻һͷһͷ˰ٹҹͼ
·ٹҹͼ֮УХŷ˳ⷽԲʮֱݻһƬ⡣
Щÿһͷ϶ȴѪᣬȴ޷ԹһӡԴ
Ʒôҵİٹҹӡ£ûѣҵİٹҹлȱһҸıˣҪҰٹҹӡĹӽ㲻ܳҪΪã
ȺЦһ˵֮ٿƷѾڿһˡ
һ˵ĳͷǰսܲ㣬Ҫ˳ʹֶ֮Ȼӹɡ
֪ɱ˶޹֮ˣٹҹӡأҽնϣǳƷһ
˵ǰٹҹУʵֹʮȺԼɱ˵Щ˱޹ɱÿ˶мԹЩԹΪãֶμΪ̡
ҲΪʲôаħ죬Ҳ˴ĸԭ
ƾ㣿ȺһƷͷϣٹҹӡԽԽųƷ˹
һ˲䣬Ʒķӿֱӻ֮
ʱԲһ֮ڣͳͳһƬ
ԭХЩֻһ˲䣬ͱըĻҷ𣬸޷Ʒ
Ʒͷų֮ЩĿǡ
ɲǼ䣬Щͱ˸ɸɾ
ʣǸȺɴ۾ǹɰֱ֮ͨİٹҹӡǡ
Ҹֲǣʣÿһɳؼеĸ֡
һ˶Ըʵˣûеѡ
Ȼˣ
ǺȺҧ˵ȻѾˣǾΨиϾɱδһƷԻˡ
ʱ֮ϵһö޴ޱȵİٹҹӡҲѹ
ڼƷĿֲѹһ˲ѹ
ƣ
Ʒһȣһ˲䣬Ʒȫ£ÿһë׶˽ɫë˲ͷ·һͷͬСɽһĹޡ
һһϢ˳ֱ˷ԲķΧ
ʲô
ȳƵĿɿڴĿ֮б˾޴޵ĳƷ
ȳƣʱеףΪʲôƷһǬԪʾˣĵƣƷûʹù
ŵӴУҲδʹù
һʹóض·һϢ֮С
ǺȺ쿴ͬ𾪵Ŀɿڴ
ʱ򣬳Ʒĳ˫ȭ̮ͬɽһ㣬Ǿ޴һ˸ȻֱӺȥǰٹҹӡײһ
¡
һ޴ĺͬɽײһһ˾ֻ˫צץס˰ٹҹӡһŭ֮󣬰ٹҹӡȻ˺˿
أһ޴ӡ緵ѳ룬ԭڰٹҹӡеҲڵѳ׷׶ųƷϹ֮ʧԭС


1721 ɱһһ
һ󣬰ٹҹӡƷ˺ѿըѡ
ۣ
ǺȺ쾶ֱһѪ˳ܵ˷ɣش
֮˸žĪ飬ֱûƷ
Ⱳӽֹ֪ˣǴûƷ׺ͣ
ʲôĵˣͳͳһ
򵥣ֱȴЧһֿµľ硣
ã
ʱǺȺһƺʶʲôһ͵һӳǧףٶȷǳ֮죬˲һ
һ˲䣬һֻ޴צӴղźȺڵλֱץ
ӣſѪڣһμΪӴ󣬵ٶȱǺȺٶȻҪ졣
ֻһ˲ѣѾɱǺȺǰ
ȻſѪڣһɿֲĻ˳ֱյȺϡ

Ⱥҽſӣȫ¶ܻ渲ǣأǻ֮УֱӴڳһѪɫӰȴȺǧһ֮ʣƤһ˳
һѪ⣬Զȥ
ƷЦһһ˳ȥ
أ
Ⱥ屻Уײһײ˵ϣеĹͷ֪˶ٸȻ˲ҽ
һֱӽȺ춤˵֮ϣǶɽ
Ⱥ죬
ȳƵ˻ĿɿڴĿǰһĻһȺȺֿʼǼΪԼˣǳƷĺճֱӽЩȺɱ˸ɾ
ǳʦֵʵô̫ǿˣ
˵ȿųƷɵĳ꣬ǵû˿ĺ£ֻޱȵĿģҪ֪ѾվڳƷĴˣƷԽǿǵĺôȻҲԽࡣ
ԭǶĵ³Ʒһ˵УĻǵδҲһᱻնϡ
ųƷչֳ˵ʵǶʱʮֵġ
֮ϣһͷϵëȥܿ죬»һӰȴǳƷ˭ء
ƷһУɽ㻯Ϊһ⣬Уһû֮С
Ҳǽ͵ֶΣ֮УľѪͻսӣļΪ¡
ƷȻղű˾޴ͷƬ֮䣬ָֻ߰˰ˣʼսĿ£ʱֳֶѡ
ͬľ磬Ʒĳ־ܴı˻
ȳƵ˼״ɵ棬֮ǰƷ±εʱ򣬻мִŶʱ䣬Ѿȫָ
ľóƷĹֱɲ⣬һµĹ
ǵͷͷ͵һȺʲôƷ֮ǰҲûʲôˣΪûбҪбĴڣԺɵĲЩʲôˡ
ڳƷйְǳ͢УξЩǬ֮Ϯ͢УξҲǬԪ£ʱǬԪҲҳ˵ʲô
˳㿴ʲôĽһˣ
ЩȻǻϷˣϲ֪϶ڱаףɱˣҲǷǳģϾһȺ龳ĸ֣ͽ֮УҲٮٮˡ
ȳƵԣæʼͷЩͷѼȻзŵһǬ֮Уȵʱ˱̩ͨٷ۶
ʦ书ò˶ãһҲǳʦֵĶˣ
һڵŵӿ˵Ļ֮дżּ뵽ղųƷ赭дնɱһȺȺķɣֻоޱȼ
һʲôڱ󶯶ֽҲˣҳǰɱһ
ƷЦһеǬԪһһʲôսɱһһѴ֮
ǬԪڽг˴οһһ
⽣ǳƷ׼ԸǬԪģܲõȻˡ
һԳֵĻƷ޻ء
˼ƷӣȻϹģƷŸȾ
ǴʱҲˣ֮ǰƷ֮У¶УȻǹɣˡ
ʰһ£ֱӸ̩ǣҵҪʲô̶Ѩ̸֮ɫ䣡
Ʒ˵ϴżЦ
ŵ
˷׷Ӧŵæʰ˶׷
ڿնƼֱű̩ǵķӶȥһʱ֮
һǳس˵ǰ


1722 پӪ
һ߾Сǣǽս߲ĺۼһЩϵѪҲ֪ʲôģûȫɺԣѪҺеûɢȥ
ȻҲǿġ
һ죬һ߾СǰһȺʿΪһ°ɫɴ䡣
ǳƷһˣ
һǱ̩ˣ̩ǳԼжʮˣϽĸ򣬴ʮңƷ˹ڱ̩ǵһЩϣı߾ǳ֮У̩ǲǸرǸ
Ϊλãǰߣźĵ̣Ϸ㣬˵ķĽ紦
ȻǰˣҲΪݺᣬ˵Ϊҡ
ⱦ̩ǹ⿴ǽ֪ѾЩûˣǽϵĽ󷨵©Ҳ֪ЩͷûвΪˡ
ϾǰУξĲףܶ鶼֮С
ôڴĻʳ㣬̩ǣˣƷǰľ޴ǳأֻúڶ
Ȼһα̩ǣǬԪֽŵԭ򣬵ǬԪԼҲ벻ƷͲ£෴ģŽһĴ㡣
ʲôˣǰƷ˱سǵı
ôĵӣϹǵĹۣУξˣǶӳأǰӭӣ
Ʒδ˵ȳƱǰǳ˵
ЩسǵıһʱʧɫУξǵĶͷ˾ǵˡ
ֱУУξǾһץǳе֮ĵһˡ
ܿ죬һĹԲæ˹˳Ʒʱ򣬶ʱæ˵¹ٳ̩Уξˣ
ƷƲһĹԲˣüͷ΢ֱ߰㣬Ȼ̩ǲǰߣפصĲҲǶӣǿӣǾ˵ӡ
ƷȻڴĻʳǵһδӾУӸ߹٣ʲôûһֻ֪ӳ⡣
ʱ಻˵̩زӵפʲôطȥ
ǣ
̩æ˵Ȼ鹧ü֮ȴδƷȻУξǵĶͷ˾ô⼸УξĲףֻҲʲô⡣
ǻǸôô
ΪĺܺãùƷĿ⣬ֻڳƷö˵ʲôˡ
ܿڳ̩Ĵ֮£Ʒ˳Ƕһ޴ľӪǰӪƺҲЩʱûз޹ˣΪ¾ɡ
ûκ谭ƷѾ˴Ӫ֮Уǧ˵ľӪʱЩտյ
·żһЩҲŤŤҲȱѵӡ
ǳƷȳƵҲǿüͷֱ壬Ҳû뵽ȻѾưܳӣǶ߲ҲôŶԡ
أһȴŤŤ˹ƷһЩ˵ϻһ̳ƣոպȾƹ
Ǵ¥ǸСĴ
һģıЦš
´үǴҲȥʶʶ

ƷЦһ˵ɢһ˿֮⵹ǽԱߵǸ̩һæͷȥ
ȻóƷδܹУξĸûıɲܹġ
ˣ⼸ҵѾƣ
Ʒȵ
ȳƵѾ̲סˣ˳ȥ
Ǹʲô֪˭ôʱЩȵıŶȻӦ׷׼г
ǵΪ𵤾ǣôסƻȳƵˡ
ȳƵ֮ǰЩȺıһʰ˺ȺѵʰЩƦô
Ƭ֮䣬ͽЩƦȫסˣһһ֮ϡ
УξˣʹðǸУξɶ˵СӰ
ʱǳ̩ɫ˲ˢһӲҰˣԳƷҪ£ȻǶҲǻ
ӪҲУξһУξ죡ƷǺܺôңҾͲţ֣ܲ
ƷôãҲûӪдСǰݼǸɲҲҪˡ
ģϣӪڣﳤߣ˧ʼңһ㲻ߣְð죡
Ʒȥֱǰ˧ʵķȥ
ӪѾǸɹ֮ºǴˡ
ˣ
һٵĹӪʱӪ˸ɹ˶׷ֵĿ˧ʵķ򣬲֪˭һĴˡ


1723 ѪѪɺ
ͨ󣬳Ʒ˧֮ڣǰֻɢɢվʮˡ
ʮ˾Ȼȫֻǻﳤľ٣ֻһƹʮ˵Сӳ
ֻôƷɨһǰʮˡ
ʮɫЩĿųƷУξ߲ơ
ǰεУξЩսУξÿһǽ
Ҳû˵ЩĸǸţеĳͥĴģҪһġ
ܺãƷЦһȳƣͨ󣬲߰ɣô
ʦ֣ͨĲͬʧڣʧڵնȳƸ˵
ʣµʮٶʱɫòҰףվмʮֵնоʧڵնֻЩ߲Ƚɢ̩ǵؾɢ̫ˡ
ȻԼԱҲֻԱѣûа취赲˶ȥ
УξˣҪҪ֪ͨУξˣʱΨһһСӳСĿ˵
ӪҲУξȥвߣͳͳնףԴӪǰЧȣ
ƷЦһص䣬ξˣһ˸֮ʣЩѾøɾıƦͻű
ȳƣ˽Ƕץ
ŵ
ȳӦŵһʮڵĵͻɽһӪʡ
һĹ򣬾Ӫ֮ûиϵľپͶץ˧֮ǰȻЩÿǾеٮٮߣȵȳƵ˵ΪֱӴİһһϹ
ǲɱңǳ͢٣
ɱңǳ¼ӵܣǸɱң¼ҲŹǵģ

Щ˻ߴģ޷ҡƷľģһ£ЩֱӾͱնԴ
ĿԴֱӹϣӪı䶼Կõ
ʱӪΪ֮һ˶֪ˣһһһУξ
֮ǰЩУξȻǿƣҲûһǳƷ㣬ʹɱ䣬ѹͲκνƱĻᡣ
ֱʧڵնɣͳͳԴ
Ҳû˸ҽһ۸ˣ
ڽЩɱ֮󣬳Ʒ㣬ֱȳƵ˳֣ٵָ֮£ֱӴӼԺķнʣµʮСͳͳ˳ץӪֱնס
£Ʒķ籩ھӪ֮У˱̩еĸ
ԭƷĵ͵֮ûȥظֱӽ˾Ӫ˻֪УξѾˣڳƷԼΪǿƵֶΣĵ
ķʽһŵԴ
Щʧڵľͳͳն֮󣬳ƷϾͰŴʿѡγﳤСӳȵͼ٣Ʒ֮ҲͳЩ˵һ㶼İ
Ŀ֮£ĽˣӪ̿ʼԾԭ
ͬʱƷȳƵҲΪٷ򳤺͸ٷ򳤣ȳƸֱӱΪУξΪ֮ĵڶˡ
ԭǸУξͱƷԭְ
Щٶ̫ͼɳƷԼţǴĻʳıҲûȤעЩֻҪʱһھɡ
ƷУξڴĻʳУҲֻǸ̶֥С٣漰ǬԪ¸ں
ǸУξûг֣ƷҲżڱԾԵȨѹˣڲ֣ƷֻҪϱΪӱ֮ء
ĻʳӱμΪϿᣬۼһΡ
˧֮ڣƷ֮ϣִȳƵΣ
ʱгԿΪձ飬˵ؾʵֻˣ˱ٳ˿룬ǸԭĸУξɣڲ֪٣ҲҲ
ȳ˵
޷һдһϱֱӱһӱԿãȱѪϧֶνƷûɷҲһУξֻһСѡ
ǣֻٶˣһٶ˱˽ȥڿˣڸдӾľǸУξڵĶңȳƼϢ˵ڱ̩ʷνǸٹ̣صؾҪַǼΪʹ
Ʒ֮˸żĹâôĵӣЩط壬һһӻҪ󣬹죡
Ʒ⣬ĻʳɣطĹܿѾиĲˡ


1724 չزӦ
֮УǾԲܷģǶߵĲӣҲԲڵӵĵز
ĻʳڳƷӸϾ⣬ʮָ˻ʳĻʳǸʱʼʮΪ׵Ѿʼ͸˴Ļʳķ档
ںܶطŵĻȨҪȴĻʳҪĶˡ
ȻĻʳȻӴҲռͳλʵϣ¼Ļʳܲĵط̫ˡ
ڴĻʳƽȣΪڵĸҪôһͳ¼ڱ壬壬ȳ롣
ڱ̩ܵĵĻʳѾûϿԣĻҲϺüУξˡ
غȻҽʿȥΪʹ֪澿ŵʲôز
ЩȥʿҪô죿ȳƿƷ˵
ȲżѼһ±̩֮иҪ֪һڶңҪˣȲżƷ˵
ڵ֮ҪԼʵһЩѧؼǶԿԼϲʲôͿѧʲôǿѡһЩĸ֮˽һЩѧδҪսģԽǿҲʹԽǿô
˵ųƷһӣǰĳϱ˼ʮö򣬶Ǹָѧȭȵȿνǰĸѧ
ӵʼ޳һЩͨĻɫֻǳƷӡеͨɫȳƵ˵ҲǮ򲻵ĺöˡ
Ҫ֪ȻǳڣǷڼҴҵҪʲôҪԻֶһֲǳƷӣŸ߲עӵӣֻͨӣҪȡһſ׵ѧ֪ҪķѶʱпܡ
ڳƷЩѧڷ֮УҲһѧˣȻܺͳƷԼĻȪ̤˲ȭȣҲȳƵ˾ϲˡ
ȳƵ˷׷̽ȥܿͲ鿴ѧؼһǼΪѧʱ־ϲ
ڷ֮ҪõּѧҪӢӲпܣڳƷЩѧó㿪ѧϰ
ⲻɵҲǸм㣬ʮָмԼûͶˡ
ڳƷȳƵ˵ʵ̫ԶڳƷܹصЩˣڻãҲǴﵽ龳㹻ϳƷæ
뵽Ʒʱһ֣һƿҩУ漴ֱһֱ֣ӷֻʮһöҩʮһ˵ĻС
ЩҩȥãӦǵʵٽһһʱһҪ취ԼʵһҪȻ̩ؾֻǶӣδҪսģɵģ
Ʒ
лʦ֣
ó˵˳ƷİǵΪܿͻо޴ͻƣδͻƳΪӢҲָտɴ飬Ҳϲ
һʱ䣬ڳƷ֮£Ӫȫ߷գûκ˶óӪ
ķ籩Ҳʼڱ̩Ȼ󲨡
ǳƷ֮󣬼Ǻԥֱӽеľٸϴһ飬Щٶıˣٶͱصĸһϵһʱ䣬ھӪ棬˫ŵ۾
ʱд壬ҵ֮УҸ߲׷׾ۼ
λУξ߲ƣǶӣô죬ø³̰ɣ
˵һӣһۣϴżŭݡ
Ƕļ塣
ڶִһмеɫ࣬˵ƷǳģҲڣֱӾͰھеĸɱ⣬һҪ
еӣȴǱˣǱ̩ؾĸУξҲԭ̩ؾʵϵĵһˡ
üУξûдþĲף޷ƿؾӣҲվӵĻᡣ
˵һҹ֮ͱԭΣھеĸһҹ֮䱻ɱ˸⣬ƫƫ¶棬ƷѪֱӽȥϵ׼ֱҪ̫ࡣ
ƫƫƨҲɾһ棬ﻹܵˡ
ǾѾ˼УξˣһΣ
һУξĻʳв֪ǧһƷʲô
ǶԣҪ֮أ
Ҹ߲׷׽һҪѪծѪӡ


1725 Ϯ
һѵ浱Ƕˣ
һҪ֮أΪʲôطǱ̩ǣǴĻʳķҲʹǶ˵Ļ
һҳĿ˵
λüɱôˣ˿ɲ٣پҪɳã˿ɲֻǶңǲż֮ˣ
嵭Ŀ˵
ңڴ֮ǰѾõһλ˵ŵ˿ɲǱ̩еĸԳеǬԪ˵ô
ôҲֽˣ
𾪵˵˲ھϵͳ֮У̫̹ģھϵͳ֮УԾҵĻǬԪ˵ʵ̫׹һ㡣
˶֪ǴĻʳһ֮еٮٮߣһһ֣һĴڣδǰ;
ǬԪĻʳ֮УǶǴοһ̩ˡ
ǬԪԸ⣬һֻ־Ϳƽ̩ǣû˸Һʲô
ƷҲ֪Ķ˻Ҹոյõ˻ĿţǿԷֶԸƷõԳе˻˵֧֣ǷΣѵΪһӢӾͺͻ˺ôԴֵ˵ˣ˻Ա̩ǵУξ
ߣȻˣǾòˣҪһ˵뵽ԽλУξ֮лֻȵ顣
Ҫ֪Уξɲ˶ģˣûзȻУξһ޴żס˺ܶˡ
̩ӿǱȴ˼Ϊƽ⡣
ڴ˾Ӫ֮󣬳Ʒͱչز˾ӪһӪҵͷ
ȻʧҲֻһЩСٶѣǻΪ˾ֱ˺
Ҫǣ˶ͷ񣬶˷һֹƽ
ʱڷվӪʱ򣬳ƷҲûͣ෴ģȳƵ˴Ѽ̩е鱨
𽥵ҲŪ˱̩ڵ
ڱ̩У壬ţһ֧ųдСС顣
ֱԭУξڵĶңг¼ңԼңŷֱǻһڣ켫š
Ǵ˱̩дСС
ֻһССı̩ǣȻ˴۸ӣ
ƷҲֻһ仰ݣǾС󣬳ǳ˶࣡
֮⣬һĿǰв̡
ڴĻʳ֮Ѿˣȫǿȳ࣬ΪҪͳ
֮иνǸƣͬʱֽƻޱȣйԵ׽Ļʳ߲Ϊṩ鱨νǴĻʳС
ȻڴĻʳ˵̸һЩ˽Լ䣬СңĻʳشɱظ߹١
νǵ죡
Ҳͬһɱ̵֯жֻΪ˴ݻٴĻʳͳΣΪǮǴĻʳȻʮͷۡ
ǰУξ˵̵ϣ֪ȷʵˡ
ʱжˣ
ƷЦһ̩иνԼʱ䣬뺯Ʒӵ˲١
ƷôܻǵȦףѹûǶ˷Ѷʱ䡣
Ͼʱɲˣû˼ͶҵĶǡ

Ȼ½ľӢӣսɲѰľӢܱȵģһǰǵͷҲſš
ʱ䰴Ϊپӣͬʱ̩̽е
ʲô壬ʲôţͳͳҪҵͷ˳߲
Ʒֶ޾ҹգĿ䡣
أһ˲䣬һ֮ϮֱӻһֻѪɫצƾո֣ճųƷ
٣
һΪĽҹգһֻѪɫצֱץ˳ƷԴ

ƷҲһֱֻץһֻѪɫצֱӵһץסһֻѪɫצһһһֻצץ˳ƷϸκβãƲֻǱһһ
Ʒ͵һһֻѪɫצһץһѪɫӰʹӰб˳


1726 ⱦ̩ǣ˵
һӰӰ֮еһùģˣȫ¸һѪɫУһͬһĳ˿żɭͱŰ
Ǹϻ¶˼Ի𾪵飬ƺҲû뵽Ʒôɵľͽɡ
ɲǼ䣬ͱƷһӴӰ֮ƷǺεȵĿ£޷סһӾͱק˹
٣
˴һȻֱӾ͸ųƷ˹ȻֱһֻѪɫĹצųƷץ˹

Ʒֱһȭ˳ȥ
أ
һ޴ĺһȭֱ䵽һֻѪצ֮ϣһֻץѪצһҽУֱӱƷĹˡ
ʲôм򵥴ֱǼ򵥴ֱ

ǸѪɫĹ˲ҽһֱ۶ĹˣæѿҪߣǴʱﻹüһֻֻƷץֱӱƷһ˻
㲻ҪɱôҪȥĶƷЦһǺôĵӣȻϮ͢٣
Ѫɫ˼״㲻һ޴Ȼĺ³ͬˮ״ϸѪɫһҪظᴩųƷɱ˹
ƣ
ƷһֱۣӷһӾͽһѪɫˣֲѪɫ޷ͻƳƷķ
㵽ʲôѪɫĹ˾ʧغ̫ĸ֣ԼҲնɱĻʳĸ֣ǴûмһͬƷ㣬ԼĹ·һ
ߣƷһֻץѪɫ³Ѫɫֱ֮һֻͬӥצһץ˳ȻһֱӽѪɫץ˸Դ
ͣ
Ѫɫ˲ҽһؿѾƷץ˸Դ
ǾʱѪɫһҽУֱԶһֱۣӳƷƿ֮
ȻƷеȻһߣƷֱһצץ࣬ǬĸҲһ
Ѫɫ˾ȻûֻǱش֪жʢˡ
ߣˣ
Ʒʱ򣬲ڳˣ֮ǰҲֻԭأͽѪɫ˸Ǳ΢΢һ˺һһ㣬жɽ˳ֱһնȥ
ͣ
Ѫɫ˲ҽһδüߣֱӾͱƷһնɱ롣
ųƷһնɱѪɫĹ֮֮ϣʱӪУѾʮѪɫչɱ¾ȳƵ˲
ƷնɱһѪɫ˵ʵǿģж龳Ϊ
ʮѪɫ˽ֻп龳ΪʱȳƵ˸סˣһʱҲͻƲǵķ

Ʒ¶˼Ц漴óһУξĹʱоӪԼΪһ塣
ɲǼ䣬Ӫһɿµϯ˿һɫľ
ɫ趯һӾͽʮѪɫɱ
֪ȻֱӹҾӪ
ƷЦһڴĻʳÿһӪ֮УжǰµĽ󷨣ÿһ˵ϢУֻƽʱһǶ龳ĸ֣Ҳӵ
⻹ֻǶ߾ӵפأһ߾ľӪǬĸִȥҲᱻֱӽɱ
ȻЩӵǹƥȲЩ֣һγɵʿȴʮ־ˡ
󷨵ĹؼڸӵУӪ֮оǿ񣬺ʹĻʳҲϢϢأĻʳԽǿᣬӪ֮ݻĽҲԽǾˡ
ʱѾϳЩѪɫ˾ʲôˣڷ·ġ硷һУҲйѪɫ˵ļء
Ѫɫ̣֮еһĹ£ֱӽԼ˲˹ӡ
ĻʳѪɫҲͬǳԶ
̵ķӦǿ죬ǺôĵӣƷЦһ
ʦ֣ȳƵ˼ЩѪɫ˲æųƷ߾ۼ
ҵȲ飬Щ̵ͻϮ
ȳƵʮƣҪǳƷֻ֣»δܹκεЩ˲Ķ
޷ûϵҿ˰಻סˣ
ƷһЦ
ͲĻôպãʣ֪̣ͨһǺᡣ
öһˣ
ƷЦһ˵
Щ˲ǿǲɽҪЩ̽һôͶһ֪ʲô֮ŭ
ⱦ̩ǣ˵㣡


1727 ɱ϶
һҹ֮䣬ؾפ⵽飬ܿʹ̩ǡ
̩ϵǲɫڴĻʳصˣ̵ĻԽ٣С֣ЩСڱ߹֮صˣ̴򽻵Ҳһˡ
ȻѾϰˣ
漴ǾͿ˾ӪֱӹʮѪͷ
ʱҲ˲ɵõһҪ̵֪Ѫɲǵ֮Ҳ龳ϵĴڡ
ڷȻ֮У龳ȷʵ㲻ʲô֮أ龳һˡ
һֱʮͷֱӹھӪ֮ϡ
֮ǰƷʧڵննɱĸ·ټһޡ
ܿ죬Уξĸִ˵˿Ȼ֮ǰУξȣƷǿƲ֪Ҫǿٱ
֮ǰЩУξĲ׵飬ƺûܹӰ쵽Ʒ෴ģóƷǿơ
һ죬ӪŴ򿪣һһӵıСų˾Ӫ⼸Ͼ;˸
ʱ䣬Ʒֻ񣬸ҲţÿʱʱǾǲӪţҲ˼Ҫ̽Ҳû
Ҳûӿп̽˭֪ǳƷ˼ȻӾӪеľее˼سõֱӾͽӿп̽
ԵɣҲʾ˭ҵ̽ӣһҿֱ
Ҫֱ֪ܹӽ龳һĿֲ
ڿһʵˡ
ǿЩʿ֮ܳ󣬶ʱΪ棬ԭʿЩ˳Ʒһʱʿǿ̫࣬ȫһˣȻ˼־ӡ
˼֮ǰЩʿһƦӣɵ棬֪ƷȻ
Ҫ֪ڴĻʳ֮Уս඼Ҵ⴫ģܹͨӴĵġ
ⲻ֪֮УֻҪԸ⣬ԽӴһЩ̵֪ʶϾȫλȫţӡ
οƷеٮٮߣȻѲƷ
Ϊ׵ȻĳƷˡ
Ƿ򣬲Ƕҵķô˿˳ƷǰķأһӷӦ˹
иӵĸݵأռһ
Ǻ׵ľͿжϳƷǰķǶҡ
òĴͶ˺ɣ
ôңжҵ̽־ŭæϢ˻ȥ
ƷƺҲûҪܻ˵˼ǴҡڵľʹŴҡУǰ˶ҵķ
һʱ䣬̩еķƳŶҵķ۶ȥ
վס֪֪ʲôط
Ʒܿ˶صſڣ̾ʮҵļҶƷ档
ԳƷٶ䣬ЩҵļҶû˿ĺ£ΪҵˣҲһ὾ˣûнЩؾʿ
෴ģƽЩؾʿҪǶǲǸ߸ϵˣЩʿֻһȺūŶѡ
ܿ죬һ󼱴ٵĽŲһ˵Ĵ֮£ĸ߲׷ſڣ˳Ʒ˵ǰ
Уξ֪ڸʲôôΪǳ͢پͿôլ
Ķס˳ƷҲû뵽ƷȻֱӾͶԼ
ûü̵֣ѪϵĺأӦøû˷ֲŶԡ
뵽ʱ͵Բܱ֪ǳƷͲǳá
û뵽ƷȻ֪飬ⲻöҿ
ʲôǿѹͷߣڵġ
ôլƷ¶˼ЦЦ飬֮ϣŶɣ˵Ҿܻʶȴ֪رңر𢣬ǵӱɣһҲ׽͢Լū֤ȷ䣬ʮ⣡
ʲôû뵽Ʒ־һñӿӱڴĻʳѾǴˣֻƽʱûôȥƽЩˡ
һ˼ƽǴ飬˵˵֪һĻôץ͢ԼūǾʮˡ
ʲôʮ⣬ץס˾ǿͷȫ
Ƕҽؾı䵱ūʹǵȻе飬Ҫ˵ץǾʹǳˡ
ΪʵؾĴȨֻҪһ仰ЩҪԹΪ
㡭ö񶾵˼
忴ųƷȫڷ


1728 
ܶߵľڴĻʳ֮εûеλǱϾǴĻʳôʣǻᴥĻʳۡ
ֻ֮ǰû׷ˣĻʳ̫ˣһ̩ǣñΪ֮Ŀһֱŵڡ
弸Ҳ̾˳Ʒ˼ôĻʳҲƽ
ʱŷ֣Լ֮ǰȫС˳ƷƷ֮ǰȻֵļΪȴŲΪֻƽģڱ̩ǵ񲢲Ȥ
ϾԷھӢӵ˵һ̩ǻΪ֮Ŀ
˭룬Ʒֻ躹ޣȵ΢˾֮̾ͳ֣ʹһֲ
壬ǲʱδ
ƷŶ˵
ץ͢ΪūͬıˣȫץзɱۣƷһȡ
ľʿ׷ӦŵֱӺ˹ȥ
ƷҼٽ賯͢úƴˣɱҲеľȣ
ʱһŭЩҵĸ߲㣬ҵļҶ̾ͳˡ
ЩҵļҶؾӾձ鶼ǽ𵤾Ϊҵ߲㣬϶龳Ĵڡ
ؾһȻʵȳƵ˵Ĵ֮£˿ʾȥȳƵ˸ǿ龳ĸֱ֣Ӻ˹ȥ
¡
˫ͬɺײһɲǼ䣬ɱһš
Ʒ֮ϣֻĮĿһĻҲ֣ȻؾҪһ֧ѪľԶܳΪľ
Ҷңɱ㣡
ʱ̲סˣΰεضɲǼ䣬һӣһɽ״ķ˳ԽԽӭǣȻһӳųƷ
Ϯ͢٣ﲻˡ
ƷһҲֱһȭȥ
أ
һ޴ޱȵĺһɽ״ķֱӾͱƬ
ôܣ
ĿɿڴҪ֪Ƕҵ֮һ޽ӽڼƷķֻжҵʸʹá
һӾͱƷһȭƬƷʲôģѵǹô
ǻӦȴֻоһɿֲޱȵѹһѹһ˲Ҫѹĩһ
ֻǿֲѹƣҪ⵽ش
ôô
ȫķȫԿһɿֲƣʱصΪڱ¶˳ȻҲһ龳Ϊĸ֡
ѰǰְУξδĶ֣ҲѹЩ͢սУξϡ
˭룬Ʒ֮ǰκһУξһ֪κһУξʵҪֲĶˡ
ƾ㣬Ҳɱ췴ƷЦһ΢΢һѾ˸߿գһ͵ؼ̤ȥ
ۣ
ֻоش˲䵹˳ȥݺײ˵ϣֱڵײһ󶴣嶼·ˤһ㡣

ʱһЩҵĸ߲ͼҶԼҵļȻƷһشʱ׷׺ηĳųƷɱ˹ͼΪȡʱ䡣

ƷһָһָŽ˳ֱӻЩ˹ļҶͶҵĸֱ߲ӱһ˵ϡ
ǵʵͳƷʵ̫ˣƷֱͬ߸ϵκηǰǲһ
Ҹ߲;񱻳Ʒ¾弸һѪ˳
Ʒֻ̰²ûɱ㣡
³һѪ޺޵ĿųƷ޲񽫳Ʒ˺Ƭ
ԭ̵йϵǾټһı͢٣֮ƷЦһ
Ʒ㲻ú
һһһѪ˳ٶܹӳƷѣƷһٶռ̤
أ
ؿֱӱ̤˸Դ˲
ԼҵļôЩηĶҸ߲;ʱѾɱ˵ӣǿļ嶼˳Ʒˡ
ǸųƷؾʿʿǣҪ֪ǳΪؾǱѹĶ󣬻ûйһܹüʱ
ڸųƷǶ̶ʱ䣬һ츲صı仯ǿ綡Σ֮䣬ͳͳ㸲
Ϸ壬ǲδǰ;ԡ
һʱ䣬˶о͵Χʣ¶ҵĲ
ټȳƵ˳֣䵱ͷֱӽ´ɾ


1729 һʺ
ˣ
Χ̽ӵһĻ֮󣬶ɵ÷׷׿˵˶군ˡ
Ҽʣµĸ߲򽵣ʣµ˱˵ǳƷˣȳƵ˶ܹһ򾡣Ƕ֡
һĻһ㣬Ư֮ϵĳƷ˲ɵõһ
֮ǰ˵Ĳ²⣬ԣ֮ǰƷչزʱ˶Ϊǿѹͷߣòͷ
Ȼһ֮ǰеĲ²ⶼԡ
ƷǲƷҲǼɵЩͷߣֻǻûѡ
һһ֣֮
ֱӾͽ֮һĶ
ƣ˲ɵõһܹӳƷµУһӵĸо
ΪΪ̩ĴƷ¾͸Ҫɵ֡
ȻƷȴճơ
ֱ˶ң
ΪܹóƷɵĵطȻʵϣƷûнǷϡ
ӱʲôӶҪǸоһԹĺ⡣
ΪζţԭΪģƷǺú̸ܸͲڡ
ԤϵҲûʲôֱԤϵǰ㣬û˶ͷ֮ҸͲؾĶ֡
ܿ죬ҵķ߾ȫܣֵסƷǰĲƬ֮䣬Ѿؾ˶֮С
ϢҲڶ̶ʱ֮ڣʹ̩ǡ
̩𶯣˶Ϊ֮Ȼ
Ѿϰ˱̩ڣ޷˵ֱһȻһĶôܾ
սϸڣܿʹ̩У
û뵽ȻȻô׵ľͱˣ
ʲôǿǿ֣һɽһɽߣ
ʮŵľӢô֮ǰǼУξͲһϵĴڣ
Ʒǿƣ²Ǻ£
۷׷ףȴû˸ȥ顣
գؾӪ˧֮УƷ֮ϣ֣ȳڸ档
ʦ֣һҹļӰӵ㣬ѾˣһδӶҵ֮УѳƷʯ򣬻иҩģϵȵһֵҲһƷʯиѧ伮Ȳ
ȳƽݻ
Ʒǰһҳ֮󣬸պûȼü֮ٶȱȳҪĶˣͬģĵԴҲǳ޷ġ
֮⣬ЩץȥľʿҲѾصӪˣҲɵ䣬ǵõ鱨¶ǴӺլˣ߱˿˳ȥڳ¼Ҹ
ȲһСѣ
Ʒ˰֣ѹҲûнɷ㶡Ҫңһָɡ
ȻҲǶ龳ΪȻҲܳΪؾУξսͳƷ̫Զˡ
ңҲһû᲻ôҽΪľҪݾߣССı̩ожţУƷЦһ֮˸ż顣Ҫҵǿɲף˶ǣͷһоͺˣסɣҪʲôͶǵ۾ˣʱҵҪ˭һһýЩƿر̩̫ʱ䣬Ѿ֪ʲôͳһ͢ǲУξɱʲôǲģ
ڳƷ֮ǰ˺üУξƷŲȫУȻ⼸кܴĹϵ
ڳƷǲͿԽһ򾡣ǰóƷомּ֣ҪԸǾ͵취
ƷĵĽ𣬳Ϊ֮⣬Ҳдݾߵ뷨
ֻܽǱƵùǽʱܹƽЩţ񣬻̩һ徻
ӶѵЩƻչأϽһʣµһУһ룬ʣµķ֮һʮһһ룬ʣµͳͳʹȥһβжͳͳͣ
Ʒһ֣ͽƻ˸ɸɾдͷȻҪϽɸϾǽ˱ƣ˴Ļʳͷֻܹסǵ졣
ʣµĻʮƷʯгʮƷʯĸҩĺϵȵȣһʾ޸
ڳƷȫһߣȻҹݲʣ޺Ʋ
ʣµȻǷȳƵ˺Ľʿġ


1730 ̫Ԫ
ʦ֣Щ֮⣬ǻڶҼзһţǬԪдţöıԸʦ֣ڶ廹ûü֣ͱʦֽˣȳ˵
Ҳµˣ
ƷÿţҲܹ³ǬԪôƻ󶡷嶯֡
޷հˣ̩֮ǿƣҲöں
˫һļϣ
ԲŻ֮ǰ־Ӫ飡
ֻǬԪҲãǶҲã̫С˳Ʒӵе
Żһ
֮УǻһһǧѪΣȳƵѾˣһǧѪΣ
ȳóһǬݸ˳Ʒ
ƷһȻһѪɫ˲ξһ֮С
ȻѪΣ
Ʒǰһǧ˲αʮ󣬸˵˲εΪѪˡ
Ѫ˲֮еıһֻ֣ڼ˻֮²ܹѶȷǳ֮󣬶Ҵﵽǧĳ̶ȣ϶ʼЩͨˣܹףΣ֮ǰܹԤ֪ʩչһЩݵķһ˼㿴ѪΣҲץסѪΡ
ϵľ֣ܹȫϢпѪβעץסѪΡ
ǶڳƷ̳˵ʼĵ˵͸ˣƳĵҩ̳Ʒеʱ䡣
ԭǬԪնĶ˭֪廹δüҾѾƷȫ䵽˳ƷС
ⰡǬԪ˷۱
ƷЦһһʦܶδܹһǧѪа취ֲֻڵ÷ʽ
ǳƷȴͬеʵļ䣬ڵϱǵң˵кܶѪεķ
Ҳʱ䲻ǬԪպøһǧѪΣ
ƷЦ
պÿ̫Ԫ
ǵʼеһ֣ѪΪҪҩģһƳɹܹĹʱƷΪͽһͻͽĽ
չأһθպãӶ֮гҳ˺ܶҩģһϽɱ֮⣬ʣµһָ֣˲ؾ¡
ľͶǳƷĶˡ
ÿ̫ԪҪչҩģֻǶ´ҩ֮УȫгƷҪĸҩġ
֪¾жôĸԣ
չ֮󣬳Ʒ̾ͽɽͼ֮УΨǾ԰ȫκӡ
ƷϾóɽӶһӡ˵ͬʱһѾԻεѪθ֮һ׼ʼ
ǧѪιǿֻ֮һҲ㹻һγƷˡ
Ҫ̫Ԫ֮кܶศҩȻǧѪ󣬵ҲǲѰҵģѼôҩģҲֻóƷƳһ̫Ԫ
ȴ˼ˣ취Ѽݸҩģʱ̫Ԫ֣Ϊٽһ⣬һһʲô
ƷԼžԵţһǬԪҲͷ
ȻʱڳƷչ̩֮ǵǱǵû˿ƽϢ෴ģ̩еǱʱƲҡ
ƷһμһֶΣ𣬺Ҳʹ˳и񾭡
ҹ̩֮һ¼լУһ֮С
һȺ۵ӰһãÿһɫΪϤ̩Ƶ˿ǣԻһЩÿһǱ̩ͷ
Ϊ׵ˣ̩Ĵ֮ס
¼Ҽ̩Ҽ󣬻һ˲ġ
ҲΪףհ
Щ֮УһżУ֮УΪۣ˶ȴİԭ֮λȨأͬʱҲؾУξɡ
֮ǰԺյʱͬʱĶ˵Уʣһֻɥ֮Ȯ
ұ𣬶ؾеҲƷϴȥ
λǳƷڶֶԸǶңλʰĻһΣֵˣ׺ݽթҰļ󣬾ԲܷŹǵģ
վһˣֱ֮ߣұƷ𣬶ǹؼʱլ֮Сߣֻ´ʱѾƷץˡ
ȫ󣬳Ʒôôĵӣھе˵ͱ˵ͱ
ûһ˿һԥ


1731 ˰ı
ؾоӪ꣬УξҲкܶˣ֮ǰĪ׵ЩУξ
ҲǼʶˣȻصЩԸľӢ˵Уξһƽĵطѣٻپ
ĵģҲܿĲס
ƷЩȴиϵĲͬΪƷѹûкͱ̩иЭ̵Ĵ㡣
ҲûаȶɹڵĴ㣬仰˵ûǬԪնΪְ£ƷҲŹǡ
ΪѹûκԥӪĵһ죬ʧڵնھеĸͳͳͷҲΪⲻؾӪΪӱ
ּ򵥴ֱķκֶΣҲܹóƷѹûпǵ˼ҲκֶΡ
ΪԳƷ˵κЭû壬ֻһȺ֪ߵغѡ
ǶҺʧ㣬Ʒ׾ٵĲĸԭ
ȻΪƷʵ̫ǿˣҲֻһķھӢӣȻöԸȴҲûа취Ը
ɵĻҲΪ֮Ĭ˵֮ǰ˻ĴңƷֻҪջھеȨ˺ȨĻ
ôŶұȻҲˣƷ߲ơ
Э㰲ȵĶɹһڡ
֮䣬ƽʱĶǣǴʱȴŽһ£ƷһѾԱֳ£ǵѡѾˡ
λǶұʱͳͳԹۣһγƷᳯ˭֣˭Ҳ֪Ǹʱ˭ǣɨһˣ˵ɱˣ֮ǰƷθǶҿϴñӵģҪ˵ǸλƨɵֻҲñǶҸɾ˸ɾܽǶҳ壬ôһȻҸɣһһƣǸʱµĻҵɾͳͳҪܻǵˣ
ɣô˵޷ϣǳͷȥͳƷƴȻ֮ˣ
ʱһСļ˵뵽ƷֲƣмֲóƷĻֻ˿ѵĿԡ
ô˵ǿԲңҶҶҵңɱңĲݣҶɻʲô·ҷģΧ˳ƷʱұضڵһߣԲὫλɵƣ
˵ţ˫֮бŽ˺˵ɱ⣬ɫ࣬ȵƷҶ𣬽ν֤£ҶѾûȥڣͷҶҵ꣬һк
ɵĻ֮еɱ⣬ʱ˸һ漴¼Ҽ̩˵ⲳҵģȻҪҵȾɴǰ漸һˣ
̩Ļ͸¶ǰУξѲĹϵȻȴûһ˾ֻ֣ʮ
ô򵥵ĵǷڣǷŴȵĹھڷ֮жӵӣ׵ǵ鷳ɾʹˣ
ʱһڵ˲ϴżֵ֮ɫ˵
˵ɫʱһ䣬Ƕ֪ȻжôĻ̣Ҳ֪ڵĿ£ҪֱȻǼʶǣǸо
λõģʵϣȻڣʵϷ֮Ҳ˿˳ۣҵȿԲõԷڵѹǶ֮ǰյǬԪһţʵϣǵ۹ĻǬԪλӦöŹ˻ܻãԳ͢ѹҲõģ
æ˵
ʲôȻôˣ
ľ֣ش̫֮ˣؼǣƷҵˣˣ
ûԷںͳ͢ѹҵȻʲôɵĵģǳƷǲǿôƫƫǾҪ֮أ
ߵ˵
ȻˣǾҪ춯֣׺ݶ˵Ǳչأʱ֣ܶ˵ħ֮ЩϵܷϵһǬĸ֣зҵһƽ֣Σʱ¼Ҽƺ¶⣬޼ģ˵
û⣬ⷽͽҰɣһڵľӢӣΪûܹԸˣ޼ĵ
Ʒڴ粽ӪҪ취ſԣĻҵܲڳӪɣһСɵÿ˵
Ǿҵȵ壬ᣬؾУξƷ磬̱̩Ǵ£


1732 ̥
Ʒֱ֮ӶչأΪİȴûΪıչض
෴ģְ˿ĵطӿš
ʣλڳеľӪҲ˱̩У˹עĿ⡣
ֻǾ֮ǰƷӵ֮̽Ѿû̽ӸҽӽӪķΧֻԶԶĿš
ֻΪ̫ԶЩ̽Ҳûа취֪ʲôϢ
ŰºһؾľӪ֮һеƽҲơ
¼ңѣһڣ޼ţĴڵĳиᣬ뱦̩УξƷμᣬ̱̩дơ
Ҳó˶Ϊ֮ĿڳƷ֮󣬳еҲ˶
һĵ룬һ磿
ͷŸֲ²⣬˶֪һ֮ʲô᳹׸ı̩еľơ
Ʒܷ񳹵ƿر̩ǣҲһ֮С
ҹһӰȻؾľӪ֮УҹĻڻû˷Ӱ
ʱ˧֮УƷ֮ϣζĿԼǰеĵӡ
˵һԸҿƷ˵
Уξмǧ򲻿ɵģЩΪ˶ԸУξԮæ˵ЩɻΪƷķӦе֮⣬ûִһĸо·Щ˵жڳƷƿ֮һ
òᣬͷβƿ֮У֮аɡ
뵽ֻое㷢˶ΪƷͶеСȻڿ˶ˡ
ƷĶҪթĶ࣬ҲԶԸĶˡ
ЩȻע⣬һе㲻ףǱ̩ǸһôΪʲôѡأƷ˵
ȴǱˣǳһȽϴļ壬ҵļ
ֻҵĹģͶңң¼̫Զˣҵһ룬ֻС͵ļ塣
Ʒʵ˵УξȻУξѾżɽˣҲûʲôˣΪ˵Ķ֣УξˣֻҪǻһ죬ҾԶûгͷ֮գ
Ҽ˵ϣƷѾȫˣѹҼѡƷΪҼ˵ĵѹͷϵĸ
ֻҪһ죬ô־Ͳıһ죬ҾԶгͷ֮ա
ѡƷȴͬˣƷʵǿ˵˼ڳƷ˵Ҳֻһͣʮʮʮڱ̩ǡ
Ҽ׵ĺܣڳƷ˵ôڱ̩Ǿء
Ʒ뿪ң¼ңһڣ޼ŵȴ᳤õ˭δõĵˣԶ
Ʒһ㶼ȣЩЭҪԸȻʵϿνǸ̥
ÿһԼĴԼ
ң¼ңһڣ޼ĴÿһԳƷ֮ǣСȴδػô롣
ȻҲԼĴ㣬ֻǲÿһĵӣѺڳƷϡ
û˵ѣܺãƷ΢΢һЦ͵ľʶʱ֮һ㽫̩и𣬲ҼȻͶңҲûбҪ
ϾҲܹóҵδԲֻǱ̩ôһССĳ֮Уڵʱ򣬱̩У˵㣬ֻҪϺһжƷȻ˵
Ҽæ˵ԸΪУξЧ
һƷĴǽ̩иʱ򣬶ʱֻõһ˶̫С˳Ʒĸֵֺĺ̶ȡ
ճƷļƻЩֻͳͳĿ֮УԭֻҲڳƷҪ֮ϣȻһӹһٵĸо
ܲҽЩҳɾ֮һ飬Ƽ㵣α̩е٣ֻҪúңպǰ;Ȼٲһݣ
ƷĿҼǵһͶȻҪ̬
ˣҹѾˣ߰ɣ˿ˣɣƷһ֣Ҽʶæ뿪
Ҽ뿪֮󣬳Ʒܿͽȳ˹˵ˡ
ȳ֪˸º磬ҪԸƷʱ򣬶ʱһ


1733 ͻƣ龳ڣ
Щ˹ȻûģҾ֪ǲ⣡
ȳ𾪵˵ЩûаģȻͲµõģûֱӵ֤ݣϣҲ׵ġ
ʵϣƷ֮ǰû˿ȱΪˣ۶ԷʲôĴ㣬ƷѾĴ㡣
һˣֻǵĻǵûʲôһȺ߹ѣֻһܹʰǵɣԼˣǸոպôƷԮЩ֣Ҽ˵ǴһСħڵ֣ҲǬʵ˵в
Ʒܹǵ뷨ģƷǴϷʳĳ͢͹ٷǳӪҲûôĵӣһаħҲ顣
ֻΪ˺Ե޾ڴĻʳ壬ڳӪ
ûһôһĻʳ֪֮ľ޾׷ɱһ㣬ڹȥʷ֮УѾõ֤ˡ
ǲôһֶΣƷƭ֮Ȼź֡
ڳƷ˵Ҳһᣬһ׽Щĺûᡣ
Ҫô죿ȳƶʱ¶˼ֿյ飬Ǭĸ֣ĶǷͬһĴڣڷ֮УǾ洫ӵĵλʹһЩҲԳΪ֮еĳϣÿһִһ񣬿λȨء
޷ڳҹɫֳһö򷵻طڣҵʦ㣬򽻸ʲôͶ֪ˣƷֱӿ˵漴һö򽻸ȳơ
ǣ
ȳûн̽УҲ֪Ʒ֮нʲôôаգҲҵæҹɫ뿪˾Ӫҹɫڻ֪Ѿ뿪ˡ
Ʒȳȥطڣʱָƽ
磿ֻһȺСˣһΣýὫһ򾡣
ƷЦһ漴ƿռ䣬ֱӽɽͼĿռ֮С
ʱɽͼĿռУɽӶڷһĺ漴ɽӶĶǴ򿪣ʱһɾ˵ҩ㻯˿ؼÿһռ䡣
ƷʱֱһЩ˰ҩʱֱӻһıУʱֻоȫë׶ֱſȻֻҩ㣬ȴоԼȫµĶҪȫµľ硣
Ʒһ֣ɽӶ˹зɳһöѪɫĵҩ̫ԪѪΪҩƶɵġ
̫Ԫڳˣʮ֮ſʼʱ䣬ΪһͻƣƷ¶˼ϲɫܿ»ָ˵Ȼģ
һΣҪлǬԪˣûǬԪҪͻƣ֪Ҫʱ䡣
뵽ƷæתʼٽѪɫ̫Ԫ˸Уʱо̫ԪһѪɫĻ棬ʼȼ
Ƭ֮䣬һѪɫĻ棬Ѿ˳ƷȫƷֻоÿһÿһϸڷıȼš
һˣͱһɻˣǳƷôһˣ׼
Ѫ֮е֣ǧѪΣǴ˼ֽƫаѪƶɵĵҩȻûôмаġ
ƷæһѪɫͳͳ˽ȥȫĹ
һֱɢ˳Ʒ֫ٺͳͳ˽ȥ͸˳Ʒÿһϸ֮лǿƷ
һǻӴĹʼ˿龳ھƾ̡
һΪͬʱ飬һˣѾױˣȻƷȴͬһĶá
ͬʱɽͼ֮жѻɽƷʯ˰֮Уը˿Ƭ֮ѾȻһһ㣬˳ƷԺ֮Уͳͳա
ƷʱֻоԼ̽˶״̬ڿ龳ڵְȻչǰ˺¶ûһ˿һܡ
ųƷԽԽƷܹԸо龳ڵľҲһһı
䣡
һ޴ĺƷֻоȫһɿµкҪء
ƷϾͽķ
ֻоŸղһɿкĿ龳ڵľҲźȻһ̮ˣҲ˳˲֪˵ľ硣
龳ڣ


1734 ʵǣ緭
ſ˿龳ڣƷԸоԼΪһӱһֹǣԼսҲſ쭵һȫµľ硣
㲻꣬ڶ龳ĸܹ֮ȼҲѾֻʣ˺һֵˡ
龳۷Ķ⾫ӢӣѰĶ龳֣Ķ֡
ƷܹоԼܹ״ԭԼ
ֻһϵѣƷѾܹоսĿ쭡
Ѱ˲ͬѰͻףͻ֮սҲޡ
ƷͻԶһҪѵĶˣһͻƣΪսҲһ츲صı仯
ȿԽ棬ƷΪҲԽʲôͬ޵Уͬ޵С
ԶԼҪߵĸ֡
ϻ꣬ҵսѰ龳۷嶼ҵĶ֣Ȼʱ䲻һսҲˣƷЦһʲô磬ͳͳЩطϵһ򾡣𣡡
Ʒһʱ䣬ѾʮԺ󣬿ɲǸʱô
Ϧ£ҹĻһһ˺Ϧ⣬ͬһڲһҹɫڸסһС
һ¸߸߹֮ϣŴ¹⡣
ȻҹǶڳ¼˵ȴޱȵ֡
¼Ҽ֮УξƷ͸졣
˵̩ͷͳͳѾǰˣԭ˫ˣҲ֮¡
·ֻһֱ̩δһһ㡣
Ʒڻûò᲻˰ɣ
ҲûпܣᵽδƷδػԵŶԣҪ֪ڲ֪˶޵ҧгأ
ⲻܣ˵Ķԣѵ֪ƷѾ˻ظԳϯô
ôͷ˶Ѿǰˣڵأ
˭УξأմĻʳĹ涨̩ǣ˵㣡
۷׷˵ȻûбڳǲŸָĲ²⣬֮˶ԼϢһʱ䣬ѱ档
УξƷ
űĻС˵һĻеһʧˣ˶Ȳ׷׽Դת˹ȥ˶ڴ˿̲ǵһμƷŵһ֪ƷĹˡ
಻Ǹյʮͣݰףʮ㣬Ŀ֮ȴżֲݾܾơ
һɫۣʮֵĸ
ųƷһһ˽˶ѻȸƺĹâ֮ʧˡ
С˵֮£Ʒܿ촩ⳡڳ֮С
ⳡҺĲͬڳλһԷյĴ֮Уܽ䣬ѾŸ죬Ʊյ˵ҲһѵõĽύĻᡣ
Ĵ죬ĿĽ㡣
ųƷڳ˵ĿҲ˳Ƽе˳Ʒϡ
ǸǳƷôᰡûдô
ж龳ΪڸϷ۽磬˵ͷһϷ򶼿ǳ
֪ôУξ£ȻΣûˢӣֻҲǲɵģ
Щ֮׷˽ֻǵǳС໥Ϣ
ֻĿųƷ˽Ĵ죬ȴҲǵһƷڴ֮ǰǶڳƷҲֻڻϼ
ڿƷƿɲܹᲢ۵ġ
Уξˣ
ʱ򣬳¼Ҽæվ˵ƽﱦ̩пûܹ˿֮ˡ
ˣҾͲˣʡ˷ʱ䣡Ʒ˵
Уξʲô˼Ҽʱæ˵֮ޱȵ
ʱ˶ڽƵҼһھΪҲû뵽ƷȻ˼򵥴ֱ
һҪ̯Ƶӡ
˵ˣҪڷ¶ǿô죿ƷЦЦ˵Դӱһǲˣ
Уξ˵ЦˣҵôܻھƲ¶أ
ʱһվ˵޼˲ֱӶס˳Ʒĺ·Ҽͳ¼Ҽĸγһ󷨣ƷС
ҶѾ֪ǵļƻǰװǾûκˣȻˣǲʡµʱ䣬ôƷ˵ĿɨһˣȻİΧû˿¡


1735 ᣬչ
һʱ䣬ڵΪ֮һ䣬˵Ŀⶼ׷׼е˳Ʒϡ
ڳĴˣڽⳡĿĶİҲ˷Ĵ㡣
ȻΨһû뵽ǣƷȻţֱӷ
ȻǣƷ֪һ£Ȼҵᡣ
⵨Ҳ̫˰ɣ
˵Ժ֮Уֱðһͷ
⵨ӼֱһĴˣ֪£Ȼôֵģ˭
һΧ͢Уξͬı˭ܵÿһҪ
Ʒ˵
˵ɫһӱˣҪ֪ǿɲ´Ļʳ֮ŭԲŲҹӪ֮С
ǵߣȻЩСǣĻʳԴҲһֻ۱һֻۣԴĻʳĿǰľƣҲݡ
ǴͥһһӪǹĺʹĻʳͥԣͥԲܵĵߡ
ĵطŭ˴ͥҪǣֻҪһָֻͿˡ
ǲŴһ磬˭֪Ʒñӵıµĺܣھһñӡ
ƫƫƷ˵ĸʵӺͬ췴ʲô𣬸뵽֮ǰĶң֮ء
ΪˣԽ죬ƷҪܲˣ
ʱһ˵ȻѾز˺ˣô˿ԥٲ³
ֻҪƷ߸̣ôǴͥΣ
һǬԪôһڳǣǸûʲôµġ
ѾǺڵĲٺˣٱһںڹҲʲôˡ
ƷѷɣΪܵôʱҼҲͬ˵Ķס˳ƷĿ֮УƺҪƷʬһ
ҪܣҪҪܣҽͲˣƷ˵ǴĻɱңãҲƽһնɱֻҪڣ̩ǾͲչǱɣ
Щʱ˳ƷﻰԭڳƷУÿһҳ棬Ҫˡ
뵽ǿƷ֮гɱ⣬˫֮ìѾɵˡ
ǲ֪ƷΪʹǣȴ֪ƷһһͳᣬĻʳԼԼݵľ棬ֱɢڸء
壬ȸѹ֮£νıҪÿһϡ
һͳؽ磬־ѾƷĹ޷ı䡣
ȻˣѾûʲô˵ˣ죬
¼ҼĶס˳Ʒҧ֮бһ˵ɱ⡣
ɱңǾȴǿʼˣ
ɲǼ䣬Ʒˣͬһ㣬ƾձһֲĺֻƷͬһһ㣬΢΢һ˸Ѿ˳¼Ҽǰ
̫Ըˣ
¼Ҽһȫɢһı⣬ͬһ㣬һ׳ǰ˶С
Ϊ𶡼ҵļҲֻǿѾѾ뵽˶龳ڣΪڷڵľӢ֮УҲǸˡ
Ȼһ˲䣬ֻһ޴ĺȴƷһֻȭͷ˲佫¼Ҽؿں˸ԴױƷһȭƬը˿
¼Ҽһ㷴ӦûУԼʵ̫ˣԳƷʵʮּɵҲֻǼɵˣ˭뵽ԳƷʱ򣬾Ȼ˲һƷֻǼ򵥵һ͸׺ɱ
ƷЦһ¼ҼʵǶ˵Զˡ
˻δӦʱֱһֻץ˳ȥ֮͵һץһֻ֣ȻֱӴӰ֮ץһӰȴֲǶ˭ء
ɣܾˣ·㲻ߣ㴳
ƷЦһΪԼʱĴû֪Ȼȴ֪һʵ϶ڳƷƿ֮УֻһСˡ
ܣôܹҵģ
ɲŵ˵ڵһǿһܹӳƷΧҵߡ
ȻڣȻƷһۿ͸һӴ֮ץ˳
ƾèϢͨҳǰǲ֪


1736 նɣҵ
ɿŵľǴڵõһöѰ˵ȷʵѷˡ
ǳƷͲһˣס֪˵ĳƷ
Ϊܵô֮ǰеĻҵƿ֮УҪҪ㴮Щ棬Ϊһ㵽ôƷЦһ˵
㾹Ȼң
ɴʱɫҰףͻȻˣԼʲôģѹǳƷڷεĽΪ⣬ܹԿƷȻڿʵѹֻǳƷ˶ѡ
Ʒ֮ǰеУξһ˵Ҳ㣬˵Ҳ㣬ΪĲЩϵģûǸйȥϸĴЩ̾ڱ̩еĸ
ҪģҪ̩иһ򾡣֮֮Ʋ˶ңӸϵԭ˵Ϊ˴ݾߡ
Ʒǿֶμ򵥴ֱʵϣѹڴݾߡ
㣬ʹҲͷˣ
Ʒ˵Ĺһ˵Ľ⸡˳ֱһӳŶնȥ
һҪ㣡
ɷĴ֮һƬѪ죬ȫµķ˿ɲǼ䣬ԼǰγһõĽ硣
ֻһ˲ѣͱƷһնƣɽʱȫ˳֮ǰһ彣Ѿķ룬ʱڳƷУ
ֻһͽѾ˶龳Ķն룬Ѫ罦
һ˵ʵ򲻹ֻǶ̶̵ļϢʱѣƷɱˣһ˸ǳ¼ҼֻǶ̶һ˲ѣͱƷնɱ
һзʵ̫ͻȻˣ˴Լû뵽ƷȻֱӷѣɱˣʵǿĿ¡
ôҼһĻֻú󱳷ƷͻȻѣֱһֵĸо
֮ǰԤĲͬİΧδɣֻδͳƷίߣҪסƷ
˭֪ƷͲһףֱӷѡ
Ԭ㻹֣
ʱҼһ
һ˲䣬һɿֲѹʹһԶԶԽ˶龳ĿֲһӲ׵䵽˵ϡ
ôĶһӾ;ⳡ౦̩еͷ
Щ֮о󲿷ֶǲ֪飬ҲǸ֪ʲô飬ֻоһɺƺƵħֱѹ
ţ˾ֻһһѪɫ۵ֱӳ˵ǰ
лһɲŭƣȫɢŵѪϢ·Ǹոմһ޴ޱȵսϻһ
ǸѪħڵô
ϳ˵ݣʱ
˶ѪħڵĴ˵˵Ѫħڵأû֪ʲôͻأľͳ˱ش֪նɱ˶ٵˣѪħڣ⸽һ׺š
ȻʵѪħڵ㲻϶⣬ֻ˵׺ݵĻѪħڵηġ
֪жɾӢӶϣ
ҪǣУѪħڵǺͿǬĴڡ
һǬĸ֣ζʲô˵һ֮Χ֮Уȫˡ
ǸǴ֣ʮżȻ֮УǬĸҲͬǸ߸ϣ洫ӣǳϼ
Ѫħô
ɫһӱˣǲ֪磬ֻоһĩٵĸоѪħݶһ鲻ãЩһܵ
Ʒ㻹ܣҼЦѪħȻѾˣôǳƷڡ
һǬĸ֣һٸƷҲѪħĶ֡
οѪħǺǰѾǬľ֣Ѱʮŵ洫ӶĶ֡
ԭǵĵƣƷЦſѪħ˵ѪħԬ컪㱾Ҵͥ׷ǰе㲻úüβˣȻҳڴĻʳ֮ϣѰ·Ҳ뿪һɱˣ
һСӣϷҪ쵽˭ܲˣ
ʱѪħԬ컪Цһ͵һӳˡ
һֻ޴ޱȵѪӡųƷҪضĵķˡ
ʦ㣬ʱ֣ʱ
ʱ򣬳Ʒû˿ĺ£ֱӸһ
ڳƷĻ䣬һɫֱ
أ
һֻѪɫĴӡһɫմı顣


1737 ձһնɱ
һз̫죬ֻһ˲ѣɫѾɨֱӽһֻѪɫĴִıˡ
ʲôˣʱѪħԬ컪Ŀ͵һӿ֮С
ȴһֳִɫľŮӺϵһ㣬̤Ŷݹ
Ԭ컪Ͼʹϸܵ˼вͬΪǬĸ֡
ټϸղųƷгһʦ㣬˵Ѿ֮ˣڵ洫ӡ
ҲΨзڵ洫ӣܹӵʵ
ڵ洫ӣⲻܲΪ֮裬ȻΪͨʮ洫ӸǿһЩǲһܹʤЩʮŵ洫ӡ
ֻһ΢еżȻͻƵǬɢ޶ѣѪħڣҲ㲻ʲôš
Ӵ˵ǲֵһᣬЩʮŵ洫ͬÿһӵĿĴУÿһʵͬСɡ
ͬľ磬ɢ޶򲻹Щͳеĵӡ
ʵռƣǴʱȴҲСˡ
ʱ˶סˣǬĸ֣Ȼֳһ
ڱ̩ıС˵Ǭĸ֣϶Ǵ˵֮еĸ֣ƽײβѵһĴڡ
һʱ˲ɵõһ
˫ʼƵˣʣ˫Ǭĸơ
Ҽһ켫ɫ˲ѿΪʮþȵ飬ȴû뵽ƷȻĵƣȻҲһǬĸ֡
ӣ˫ƽصͬһˮƽϣ΢ռһƣȴҲ֮ǰôˡ
һѪħڣȻϮҷڵĵӣҿǲҪˣ
ֻЦһ˵
Ѫħ֮бһɱ⣬Ѿưոݣº˷ڵıǻ˵ã
ǾҪûˣѪħЦһ֮дżа֮ɫñȱһůŮҿͺܺʣ
ü΢֮Įɱ⣬ƾ㣿Ʒն㽫һɱˣЩ˹аħϧ
ڴĻʳ֮УаħţͳͳаħЩǲڴĻʳţҺЩŹǾĴ
Ƕʮ˵ǸһĹϵڴĻʳ˵˭ܶһȻʮ˵ǵͳ֮ħߵħǵһѡ
ŮӣҲǾҵսʬɽѪ֮ɱ¾ģϣᶨ˿ᶯҡ
ǵĵôҿǵĵƿҲˣ
ƷЦһЩҪѪħԸȴ֪Ѿ
ʵϣ֪һһʱ򣬳Ʒмƽˡ
֪ЩҪɱҲ췽ҹ̷ǬԪסοһѪħ
Ȼа취ģĻҪһ򾡵뷨Ҳˡ
Ǿ
ȻΪۣһƪڻʼսϵѧȻڻʼս֮Уһƪѧۣ˵ҲǷѧѧڴ֮ͥУǾѧֻкܹѧ
һȥ֪Ҫ˵Ѫᡣ
ҲϴӦˣҹ̣Ѿϵ˱̩ǣֻһֱǱڰ档
ƷŻҡڵĵᣬܶԷʲôֶΣڰнӦ޾塣
нŵƣƼˣֱӶ֣նѪħ
ҼһɫΪѿû뵽ԼѾ˼ҪóƷȦס
Ȼڿȴ˳ƷȦˣǷˡ
ʱڰ֮УѪħսѾʼˣ˫ܿ˻᳡ֱɱ˰֮С
ϣɱ˳ƷһΣȻûˣʱҼһ
ƾ㣿ƷЦһıֱӳһ֮ٶȿ쵽˼һһ㣬ɲǼ䣬ѾҼǰ
ɲǼ䣬˲ȭͱ˿
Ʒݻ˰˲˵˵Ӱɽѹ˹ȥ
أ
Ҽһƺߣػ˲䵹˳ȥͬߵķһ㣬ֱӺ˳ȥ
ȻأȴƷѸײڶ֮ɨһ⣬Ƕɽ֣ɽնͽҼն롣
ͣ
ҼϳأѪ


1738 ұȣǻԶ
ֻǼ򵥵һѣֱӴҼ
ãͣ
ʱ򣬻һ˶ʱ󺧣ƷķӦ̫ˣսҲֲ̫ˡ
Ǽ˵Ϊ࣬ڶ龳ڵΪңڴŵľӢ֮УҲǸˡ
˭֪ԳƷʱȴǸһƬ֮䣬ͱƷ׺ɱ
ֻôΪ
֮ǰƷնɱҼʱҲֳϾ̽ӵתǸʱȴҲ֪ƷȻǿᵽز
ĸ֣ڱ̩ѾǶ֣֮ǰļУξҲǵĶ֡
ǳƷȴͬ
鱨Ѽĸͬ
Ҫ֪鱨ϣƷǸոճΪڵľӢӣΪӦû龳Ŷԡ
˭ܹ뵽ƷȻܹǿز
Ǻɨ
֮ǰûôֲһУξ
ҳϣ춯֣
ʱ򣬻һһ
ڰ֮УֱӸֳӰ˺Ѫħһ޶ϴѪҲ֪նɱ˶ˣ˶ôаħֺܹ˵ľ
һģӣϸŲ̵ЦݣһһĿݵߣһ𺡣
ͬʱѪɫĳۣ·ʬɽѪһ
˸ոճ֣ͷų˿ֲϢųƷǵصѹ˹ȥҪƷѹһ
̶ֳȵƣҪѹסңұɱôƷЦһͬͷ˿һǿ˲ͳѪħҳ˵ƣȻֱݻһƬս
ƷϵɱҲأʵơ
˶ˣƷ֮еɱ⣬ɱѪħҳĸӾˡ
͸һɱ⣬ܹܵһ޴ޱȵս˵ʬɽѪߵ˻ֱӳǵĴ֮С
ڳʵСһЩˣʱֻоɫһҰףܵ˾޴ĳ
ɵ˶ˡһû޷Ʒɱ˶ˣŻӵ˾˵ɱ⡣
ֻɱ⣬Ѱ˿ֱܱӱƷˡ
ͳƷͷųʬɽѪɱѪħڵҳͷųɱ⣬͸ʲôˡ
ֱС׼ף
ѪħڵҳˣҲ׷ɫҰףһǶӰˡ
Ҳɱֽˣ˵Ҳʮ֮ࡣ
ǺͳƷɱ֮бֱֳС׼ףëˡ
ճƷ֮ݻƷɱǧڵˡ
Ƕ󣬳Ʒôɱô˵ģ£ɱ¾ʮˣ¾ͻ̾Ļʳǹǰ㣬⵽˵׷
˵ɱ¾ǧˣǺεӴһĿǴĻʳִƾӣϵ̫ξҲ֮ɱô˲Ŷԡ
ұǻԶˣƷЦһЩԶףʬɽѪ
ȻչˮƽʹĻʳûñȣɱ¾ֶΣ˵ֻǿһö˵ȥǧ˲ҲֻǵС
սô꣬ȻûֱɱôˣǼϵ壬
˵ǧʵٵˣ
ЩǱĬӰųƷֻƽʱѹסͷųˣһͷųĻʳܺȼĶûС
ϣɱ
Ѫħڵҳ໥һۣʱ߳ŭǶΪƷǡ
˲䣬˾ͷųֲϢȫѾǶ龳۷ʵѪħ֮УҲǽԬ컪λҳϡ
Ҫˣ
һ켫໥һۣƺһƷҪˡ
Ʒǵѹʵ̫ˣǼһִĸо
ԸղųƷʵ龳۷ֻ»ҪһЩ˵龳۷ĸֶԸƷ
³ƷĲӣ
úãýһɱˣȡ𣡡
Ʒ˿޾壬Цһһ˲䣬Ͼͳ˽ɫĳë˲䣬ͱһֻɫĳꡣ
𣡡
һ޴СɽһξѾ˳ȫ
бͶѾ±ˣǬĸһԲϾʹ˸߿ա
һͷΪֲȻǸ
ǡǵʲô
ֻо˷·ԺĵϢѹԼͷ


1739 ն龳۷
·һͷľޣӳ֮ˣѪ֮еѹָоһЩΪȽֱһſ˵ϣǿϢ˵
壿һ˵ԣ壬һͨ
һϾͷӦ˹ƷôأҪ֪ǷڵľӢӣµӣڿģҪˮ㣬Ҳܵġ
бĴ֮£Ͳ쵽֮УǸġ
һͨԼΪϹޣӶϹһֵ
ַţֻżȻ˵Źû뵽ˡ
֪ǳƷͻģֻ÷ڲʮ֮һе֮񣬸Ѱܹõġ
ڳƷ˳֮ǿֲϢͷ˳ѾԶ׼ˣɲǼ䣬ɨһУԭҪΧѪħҳϣʱҲƷͷŵϢ˳ȥ
ɱ
ѪħϣӴһֱӳһͭ޴ͭӭǣȻɲǼ䣬һĹâȻųƷ
ʱ򣬳Ʒĳſ˾޴צӣһǸͭ

һһѪħֻоͷ΢΢һ飬漴һɿֲľϯͽ˳ȥ
ۣ
Ȼһͬһ㣬һһĵڣ̲סһѪ˳
ٿƷǾ޴ʱ򣬶ʱеɵˣͬ˹һ
ôôǿ
ֱӱ֮󣬳ƷʵһȫµĲΣһ˶ֻоޱȵĲΡ
Ϊ龳۷ԼȻһѪˡ

ѪħڵҳϣǸѪɫϵ߼ŭţնһѪɫĵ⡣
ѪɫĵնĲҽ
âն˳Ʒһ˲ѣâѾ䵽˳Ʒϡ
أ
һ·նһһκβѷֺ
ôܣ
Ѫħҳ϶ʱɵˣţԼ⴦ĻǵһȻκβóƷһ˲䣬ֱӱ˿
ƷѾ˾׵ĵزˣ
ı壬ͽִ򱬼Ʒ˵Ϊ֮ķǵû½·һȫµĲΣֵȼĹ˵ֻëëѡ
ѾȫһûأҪˣ
ƷЦһһ˲䣬Ѿˣ޴һ磬ɲǼ䣬ѾѪħϵǰ
޴צӴ֮ƳѪħȥ
ɿ죡
Ѫħϴһֱ˫־죬ҪֵסƷ޴צӡ
أ
ѪħһҽУһѪٶлһЩĩƷһצֱӽ඼˸顣
˫ɵϴ󣬲û޷״̬֮µĳƷжôǿ
䣡
Ѫħݺײ˵֮ϣĵֱҳһ󶴣ֱӱQ˼֮󣬵ѾˣƷһצӸˡ
ʱ˶ɵˣֳһƬţ֮ϣ˶һ±Ƶ顣
֮ˣҲ޷һ龳۷ľָƷһצӶ赲סǺεȵĳ
ѵƷʵôֲͨ˺žô
ãܣ
ʱʣµѪħһһӷӦ˹˳Ʒֱ󻤷ʱŵùǺﻹͣæֱӻһѪ⣬ҪӳƷѡ
ߣüô
˵ʱʱ죬ƷֱſѪڣһɿֲĻĿ˳
ܹ֮ɳǧĿֲ棬ʱֱչֳ˿µ
һ˲䣬ֱӺ᳤գѪħһɨ˹ȥ

Ѫħһҽһ˲ͱֲĻû˽ȥ
ѪħһͼȼϵķԿǸ޷ֿһɻ档
ɲǼ䣬ѪħһѾȼˣȫȼգƬ֮䣬Ѿճһź̿
˲
һ龳۷ĸ˳Ʒϣ
֮УƷѾ±Σսһ츲صı仯ǶͷģҲﵽһ۷塣
ԼҲܳάֳ̬
ҲˣƬ֮䣬ɱ龳۷ĸ֣֪Ʒʵ֮ǿ


1740 ȫ𣬸Ͼɱ
֮ǰһαʱȣĳƷֹǿʮֹ
˵ƷΪսѾһ츲صı仯
Ƭ֮䣬龳۷ѪħһѾ
ٶʵ̫ˣ쵽ֳЩ˶ûзӦĵز
֮ϣֻо
ƷĿɨ˹ʱ򣬻һ켫о׹ߣ˲ޱȵı䡣
ʱѾ׵׵ĺˣҪ֪ڴ֮ǰҲ벻ĽȻ
ǵıڳƷǰһ
İҲûκô
һȷʵǺ磬ȴԳƷĺ磬෴ģѹԳƷĺ硣
Ʒɽָ˻һ浽ˣ
УξҵԸͶӽΨУξհǣ
һæ˵Լ޷ƥеĳƷһӦˣﻹ֮ǰ緢Ʒģ
ǸʱʤȯգȻڣûʤ㣬ܹϵѪħп̡ܷ
ڴ֮ǰҲ
ڲ֪ͶѾˣ
ƷЦһıԼˣѹûдŹ
ڳЩҼ֮⣬һһȫıԼһ飬һ㣬ʹҼǱߵõϸ鱨
ãᣬͳͳʰˡ
ЩҪнԼĵط෴ģԼûҪǵĵط
ɽӡ
˵Ĺ򣬳Ʒһӡʱ֮Уۼ֮۳һСɽСɽʵֱһʵɽ
¡
һɽֱȻ۶ɵģȴǧ˲Ѿ䵽˻һϡ
أ
һʱãŭɶƷʱĻᣬҪֹȫ䵽ɽӡϣܹ赲סƷٶȡ
ֻһ˲ѣͱԴͬըһһը˿
Ʒ̫
켫״ŭɶۿųƷӣͲܷŹǣҲԸһ·
켫һֱۣӻһףһ׽һ㣬һѱ˲ɱ
ƷŹɴֱƴˣ
ˢ
һâնն룬ͬ˿һ㣬ճ˷ɢ˿
Ȼţ׵һĻˣƷҲֱֱһץסһâ
أ
һնĵâһһıƷץƬâɢȥȴ켫еһڱƷץƬ
ȥ
Ʒһ˦ЩâƬֱӳ켫ķȥ
ã
켫ϾͷӦãӡԼǰγһ硣
ЩâƬǰȴûκôֽһâƬ׾ٵ˺˿
ͣ
âƬ׾ٵ˺˷磬˺˽ɫף켫
ҾȻˣҲİ
켫ҽһɴ۾ȻϣһƬâƬֱӽĴԽ顣
ֽնɱ˻һ켫֮ʣµЩС֮ʱڷӦ˹ǵķӦ̫ʵǳƷٶ̫죬ʵ죬ֻһ˲ѣѾЩǿͬвһնɱˡ
Ǵʱ׷ߣ˷ߣҪѳȥ
ʱ᳡أǵѾһƬ޵
ߣ滨
ƷʱȻߵĻᣬһӣɽ˸߿֮ϣڰ֮вϵתĽӶɽ֮ͷ˳ͬһ㳯˷˳ȥ
ͣ
ͣ
ͣ
ЩͼߵĸӲֱӾͱЩâɨУձնѪ¡
Ļ᳡ѾѪȾ
ʱŵˣ˳Ʒ֮⣬ҲֻҼˡ
ҼʱɫҰף󱳶мַ˺ƴӱһ
Ȼ֮ǰ֪ƷǿҴͶ˼Ҳû뵽ƷȻܹǿز
ǳĴѪħڵҳϣȻܹͬвһ׾ٵĺɱ
ǺεȾ˵ĳ
漴ͷӦ˹¶˾ϲֵı飬ЩƷ𣬶Ҳ𣬳Ϊеһ
ⶼǰǿͬħһ˴ġ


1741 Ѫħһû裡
ûгƷĵĻ̩ĸҲпκεı仯
񣬳شĻĻСͲκĿԡ
ʣƷһᣬԵʶ֮󣬼Ͼ
ҲĲǳƷôҲܻ֣֮ϾٸɾֻҪ黹п֮ܲڹġ
£Ҳʮӭ˽ᡣ
һսνһۣ˵ģƷǺ׼ĵᣬһ
ʼЩڣƷ᲻е̫ˣôһˣг·
Ȼ飬ȫ֤ˣ
Ʒ̫ˣ෴ģνո˵
ӵоԵʵ;ŵ£޲ɡ
һֱڣ𾪵״̬֮Уƺȫ޷ܣƷ׾ٵĽƽﶼҪһնɱġ
¼ˣϲ˲ƽң
һ֮Ҽæǰһ˵
ƷɨһҼȻ˵㲻ûбң
²ң
Ҽʱֻоһð亹ԭҲûиоƷȻ뵽ղųƷвһնɱЩ֣ʱ亹ˡ
ƷɨҼһۣղҲôˣ漴˵ҲýţҲǺɱ֮ˣ
ҼʱһûڽۿƷչܻĻǼȻ˳Ʒδɱģôֳܻ顣
ڸѾɱʣµľǽΧ˸ɾѾر˳ţ˽磬ǲҲѷɣ
Ʒ˹˵·ղħһɱ˲һ㡣
ҪϣмǲҪ©֮㣬Ļν˵ǲֻһȺСȻ˵ܾ֮ˣ
Ҽʱһæ˵֪ҲҾ񾡳ϴ˽棬ԲЩв֮أ
Ʒ˵ﻹ˿ĵģȷʵڳƷ˵Ѹ©֮ͲļҾۼƷһ˾ͿɱƬײ
Ƕ˵ɾ֮ˡ
ȻˣǾҪ׵׵ĸϾɱ뵽ҼѾ¶ˡ
Ʒĵ˵ͷͬʱͷߣҵϣ©֮ʹˡ
˵һ䣬̩ǣ˵㣡
ĸ׷СҲһ̩ǾֻʣͶСһЩϸ޷ؾˣȫһϵĴڡ
ȥ׼ɣ죬ҾҪЩ棬һ򾡣
Ʒ˻֣ҼȥҵؾĽ
ʱ洫һɱǵõ˳Ʒ֪ͨȳؾֱӹ˽
ڸ춼Ʒնɱܹ֯𷴿ֱӾͱɱĽڽڰˣʣµˣҲȳƵ˵Ķ֡
ƷֶĿ䣬֮Уʱ֮аȻսҲѾֳʤȴе򲻶趯ƮƮȻÿһγ֣ǧͬһɽһ㣬ȿ¡
ϵĺѪħѪħѪ죬ѪѪڱ˰գ˿ŵ
ѪħĹһ֮ϣƵǬ֣Ȼ壬ȫ²ϱǿ⣬ͬϵһ㡣
ڵ洫Σһȥůɣ
ѪħܹЦһѪһһ㳯ɱȥ
΢壬֮бһɱ⣬أֱһ澵ӣһ澵͹ӣ̻ŷµ󷨺ͽ硣
ոճ֣һǿɨ
һǿеѪֱӾͱ
һ澵ɢĹâԽԽǿһִһҫۣâ˺ҹĻһҹĻµۻ֮
һµĹӹžͷ˳ɨ˲䶴ѪˣֱӺѪħ
أ
ѪħУֱӲҽһͬߵķһ㵹˳ȥȫķʩЩѪˣһǰûκεôֱӾͱµ˼㡣
Ѫħ֮¶˼ֺȻ飬ţȻķȫȫ
ߣ
ʱﻹͣæһѪɫĶݹҪߡ
Ǿǧһ֮ʣһ޴ޱȵҩƾճ֣ӭǣɲǼ
أ
ѪħֱӱУײһݺݵ䵽˵ϣ֪


1742 ɱѪħ˾
ҩӭǣɲǼĹ򣬾ѾѪħ
ѪħԬ컪Լûа취ɽӶԼΪȻֱӺУ޻֮
ɽӶǧѪħͱش£ֱӾͽѪħشݺݺ䵽˵ϡ
һз̫죬̫ͻȻѪħû뵽йͻȻ֡
ȫĶڷͻϮһεĹʵǶ̫꣬û뵽
Ҫǣû뵽˾ȻҶǬĸ֣
𣡡
Ԭ컪һŭŴӵҪ˭͵ϮԼȴֻһӰҩֱǾһСɽһ㣬ֱҵϡ
أ
һ޴ĺԴֱӱУԴҽ˵֮У컯ĸ־̥ǵı仯ΪѾﵽһּΪµľ磬ǱҩһңǸоͷǣԴ
һεĹȴֻǿǶѣҪʱҩ׼ʱֱ
ϵǱҩϵĺ䵽ϣһûа취ҩɢ
Ҫ֪ΪǱƷֱӹҲѶֱӵ˺
ҩʱȴ޻֮·ҩ֮Ͽ̻ʲô󷨺ͽܹϵĺɢķ
ģԬ컪ʧȥʶһ
ѪħԬ컪
᳡ϣһƬѻȸ˾ɵۣǿʲô
ѪħԬ컪ڱźպһħͷȻˡ
ٶ֮ȴˣǳƷ
ⳡ֮ϣ󲿷˶֪ԭһһ磬֪Щ˵͸¶˼˺µ飬һֿ־嵽˹ĸо
ƷղŴɱ䣬¼ҼҼһ켫Ĵ쾶ֱնɱĴСҲһ١
ΨһָѪħܹǻɱٷɱƷǻз̵Ļᡣ
Ȼڣȴ˳ƷԬ컪Ļ᳡֮УûǸ
ƷÿһξɽӶǾᣬƮƮģÿһ䣬ĵ涼ڻζ
ֲֿӡǵԺ֮УǵڣȻǾȫȫĲ˼飬Ǽ˹һ
ٶ֮ƣ
ȷԬ컪Ѿ֮ƯڳƷͷ֮ϵɽӶתԽԽСƬ֮䣬û˳Ʒ֮С
漴Ʒֱ˴֣֣ѪħԬ컪ʬץɽͼ֮С
϶ʱ¶˼ϲ֮⣬ֻնɱһǬĸֻϲȻѰ˿Ѿǲ˼׳ˡ
ȻڳƷ˵ǵǬԪ־ܣ˳ƽǬԪش
֮ǰɱ˹ӣ
ѪħԬ컪ʵԶڹ֮ϣ˵ʱӱشʵ͵䵽˶龳ǳƷóӻָ۷ʱڣֻҲѪħԬ컪Ķ֡
һο˵ǴˣԬ컪ľѪ㹻ٶȽȻҪĽܹٽ
ЩڳƷ˵⣡
˳ƷһԼʵĻᣬܹͻƵ龳Ǭĸ֣ҲԿ⡣
һҲû˿ĵӣ
ڳƷԱߣųƷĶûֹⱾǽ׵һ֡
ǰЭƷɱѪħջڳƷƶƽֻԼ֪׬ˡ
һŷѧڷ֮УҲɾѧѰ˸ûлѧϰڿأص洫ҪõڣҲҪĹףԻȡһŹ
Ǹ̶֪ҪãڳƷϵһŷѧϾѧõľѧսҲһ츲صı仯ܹԬ컪⣬·磬ľһžѧ
Ʒ֮лǴżֺȻŹȥ˶ã𵱳ŵӴȵʱ򣬳Ʒʵǿٶȣֱһ˶档
͸˵ֻͨǹһҩˣÿһǾףͷС
Զ׼ƷвֹһִУҲ֪ǴĶõģƺƲĵõ׽ڵĴУһ¡
Ҳû׷ʣϾҲĶܣһشѪħԬ컪Ĺžĵ֮һ֪


1743 ڴһһս
ܹеزˣûĸʵʵŵĹһһģÿ˶ĴУҲܹ;˾׵Ϊ
һѾǼֲˣֻǣƷչֳĴУÿһŶǾףÿһֶͷС
˵ڸһŷѧĿǰΪֹӴΪһžѧͬѰ
һѧźǱһǾԵĵϵûоѡΣͿ飬ܵõڡ
ǳƷȴֱ˳ҲЩ㲻ףƷĲ֪һžѧļֵѾĴǸ̶ȣΪ˳ɴ¶ֶΣ
Զ֪ƷԺ֮һʼս䣬¼ľѧʤѧҲʲô
Ƿʼѧкܶ࣡
˼֮䣬ȴƷϸǰ˵лʦ㣬Ҫûʦ㣬ֻº룬Щ˾Ȼҹаħֱﲻˡ
޷ⲻֻǾ֮Ͷѣ
ȻӹԭóƷҪƷ££ڣѾϨ뷨֪Ǹܵ顣
ֻһľӢţǿ϶ԸͶ£ȻƷ£ˣǿҪͶֻǶ˳Ʒǣǲĵòʧ
֪ʲôʱʼѾʼԳƷĿ࿴ǽǼ򵥵ľӢӡ
УóƷδΪ洫ʲôѵģһҲֹƷΨǬԪлܹ赲סƷˡ
Щ˹аħǺʹͥԣҪЧȣ
ֱ˵ⷽҲͬĴҪ֪ҲڴͥıְͬһպյŮ۹λҪڳƷ֮ϣĽ
ţ
Ʒ˵ͷЩط޷죬Ϊһ֮˽аħֻǰУξҲѲ˹ϵ
ڳƷⱦֻ̩ҲĳЩ飬ڶԽǳ㣬ҵ֤Խ࣬Щ˾Խ޻˵
ʱҲ೯͢Ҳõģ⿿һ죬Ҳܵߵڰף緢˵Ϊһ֮ϣڸǵõ˳ƷڷѧһһʲôֻҪٸһʱ򣬵Դѹһᱻִѧôţơ
㻹ҪСǬԪ˵һЩ飬ȻǹΪʲôؿ֮ȻǾҪСºˣЩֶͨβܹͻᶯֶΣ
룬Ǿһ³Ʒ
Ʒ˵ͷǬԪǴûзɾǬԪʵҲ֪ͬһζҪбǬԪ
ǬԪҲû뵽Ʒ˹ϣֱӽҴıûзãͱƷ׷ˡ
ƷǧѪΣ˵˷۱
ⲢǬԪͻưոݣ¾һϵе֮ǬԪҲѸٵʵۣǸʱ򣬽иǿĴѹ֮
֪ҲûнϣʱѣͬһָƷ漴ȻһЦ˵ȻɵǬԪȴûʧȥģʱǬԪĶ֣һֱǬԪĶ֡
ҿóѡڣֻҲǺǬԪһĹϵò˵һǳľǷڵıӣ㣬ҲֻڹΧ֮ڳ֣һ˵ǹƥһɱɱ㣬ڽӣ
ζĿųƷ˵
ţƷ˵ͷȻ֪ǬԪһۣȻѭ浸أֻڳƷŷڵĻƤΪˡ
ǬԪ¾Ͳֻ򶡼ԳƷˣҪˡ
ƷΪǷȱĻʱ䣬ֻҪʱ䣬ʵò˶ãͿԺǬԪƽƽɵ֡
Σ飬ҳ飬ȻҰɱԬ컪ҲȲҵķѧһǱߣһǣԷģ˵ڻҪϽȥѧѧҲսҲо޴ʣµģֻܿԼˣ
ڴһһս
ʦߣ
Ʒ˵
漴˵ͷתһݹʧ˱̩С


1744 Ʊ
֮ʣµ飬һЩβĹˡ
ѾƷһ򾡣ѪħҳҲƷһնɱ
ʣµҲͶˣûöã¼ؾͱȳʱơ
ʣµңһڣ켫ŵĵӵӣصĲأҪģҲû
һѲ֮ҪĳԱһ⣬ͳͳ
ЩĳԱƷûһ˿һֵ˼
Ϊ֪һ飬Ҳǿֵ顣
ȻЩ֮УҲкܶԱΧԱǣһ·޺һ˿ޣһ޺һ·ޣɴ߱Ȼȡᡣ
ЩЩҲ˴ĺôҲȫ޹
һһĽƱҩģĵر˽˾Ӫ֮С
ʱ򣬳ƷѾȫȫ׵׵ƿ˱̩С
ʱڱ̩Уﻹ˸ҷԳƷͳƷԣֻĿڱ̩дССƷ
֮У˳ƷѸٽӹ˱̩еĸ֮⣬Ҳǳǿ
ĲƸֱӵĽƱҩĺ͸ֲ֮⣬̣صȵȡ
ЩǳƷҪģҼǰ㣬̩ǶڳƷ˵ʣֻеһڵ㣬ﳤõ
Щ˵壬˳Ʒܿ;Щͳͳˡ
ؾӪ˧֮ڣƷ֮ϣȳվ״Ʒһεջ
ʦ֣һΣһͬѳģк̣ãһõƷʯһǧҩĺһЩĵرȵȵҲƷʯѧ伮࣡ȳһ߻رһҲǰզࡣ
ƷʯǧһõƷʯ۸ֱһۡ
дССƷ𣬶ܵĲƸҲͳͳ˳ƷС
̣صȣҹãȳƿһ۳Ʒ˵ڳһҶд޷⣬᲻β˦
һĸ̣ؾǱãʣһʱģҾͻΪ̩еľްԣҲȳƵĵġ
ƷЦһ˵̫ˣվҪʵ˵ģʲôβ˦ĵҲʲô
ʲôǿԵʵǰһ
ұģҲβ˦顣
̩дССֶ̫࣬УξôʱһһȳƵ˸ĸȻҲ˷ʱЩϣԲ˳Ʒаҡ
ȻҪҰ£ȻܣֲԲݡ
һĿʱ򣬻Ȼҹݲʣ޺Ʋ
ĿǰĳƷ˵ǧƷʯҲˡ
ֳɱǰϴδҲʱһϽɱķ֮һʣµķ֮һɹиõԴҪڶʱڣ̩ؾһԵľ񲿶ӣƷЩսɵѧ伮ͳͳھУΪ˭ֵĺãͽ˭
ڴĻʳ֮УռУҲֻǴǳзĽ׹һ֮Ув˿
ľӣпܵõԴĻʳղصĸ־ѧǶڱ̩ؾĶ߲˵ûĻᡣ
ԴȱеĹҲȱĺܵģƷ֪ܶඥĹȴҲʺЩУڴӸѼЩѧ伮ȻƷյ˵ԶˣȴʺЩͨʿеġ
źԴڳƷṩֻҪϼӲʱգΪ񲿶ӣ¡
ƷȻûôʱ䣬Ҫ̵ʱڣӵʵ͵Ҫĵҩ漰Ҫҩġ
ڣҪǱݷʵʱ
ʦ֣һ򱦸ˣ˵Ҫʦ֣
Щ֮ȳ˵
򱦸Ǹųµһ̻򱦸󣿡Ʒüͷһ˷Ǳ硷ж򱦸
򱦸ԴΪƾãʮҲ˿֪ʲôʱʼ򱦸ͽĻʳأȻһ̻ᣬʵȴҲʮ־˵ģձΪʮ֮¡
򱦸ڴĻʳ̸ڣΪﶼн飬ǵС


1745 򱦸
򱦸ļΪĻʳ̻֮͢УҲΪӴǸϵ̸ڣҲ֪˶ٸ֡
ɣ
Ʒ룬Ǿһ򱦸ʹߡ
ܿ죬һۣ̬ʮӴ˽˳Ʒǰ
龳ĸ֣
Ʒ۾ȻصĺܺãƷ۾һ˲䣬ͱƷ
һ龳ĸ֣
ֻһʹ߶Ƕ龳ĸ֣򱦸ʵɴ˿ɼһߣʵ¡
򱦸ʹǧУξ
Ӳһ˵
ԭǺʹߣƷ⣬ڡ硷ⱾҲмأ򱦸֮УĿӴΧ͵ײԱ֮⣬һλľǸͬײʹߣΪͭƽ𣬰׽Ȳͬļ
ʹȻֻ򱦸ײĴڣȴҲѾǵҵִһصķֶ档
֪ʹңΪʲô飿Ʒʵ
ȻУξˣҲͲʲôˣֱӿżɽ˵ϣܹͳУξһֺϵǧųƷ˵֮֮ɫΪȣƷֵ̫ˡ
򱦸ĴĻʳأ֮ض򱦸ˣһ֮бȽǰ;ĵӣҲͻ򱦸֮УһͻǣߴţƳƷ㣬ѾΪӢӣΪһУξˣ򱦸Ȼûκģ⻹ǼΪټġ
뵽ǵõĳƷĳҲȻˣϾһĴĻʳ֮ˣݵš
Ϊ֮𾪵ǣ鱨ƷӳݣûлѶʱ䣬һ·𣬰ڣΪ½ŵʮӵ֮һ󲻹ŰֱӶȡŵӴȵĹھ
һϵгɾͣǾףڳΪ̩ǵʹ֮һϵежо۾
̾ᱦ̩ǶȻƷֱųҲһɱͷ
鱨ƷԲǵ֮þ֮ݣЩִƱ̩УǾľרעеĸŵĵǰԵæҡ
һжʹҪǰ۲ڣǰͳƷӴ
֪򱦸ҪҴʲôĺϵƷʵ
򱦸иָҵ鲼ĻʳЩ飬سУξҲЩţ򱦸гۺչָƷֻҪУξҪһٶȽУξҪĶǧ˵
Ʒˣʱǰһ֮еϰߵľǴĻʳһЩ
֮УҪʲôֻҪ˶ֻҪƷ̵ʱõ֡
ɾͽԼ˲֪ʱ䣬ǰ߻ҪԼɽˮȥѰҸָҩģͲ֪Ҫٵʱ䣬ٵ顣
򱦸ôý飬νǽ˳Ʒȼü֮ҪģʵĵҩҪҩء
֮⣬ǻչָҩģиĵر书ͨĵ伮ȵȣֻҪмֵĶչķΧ֮ڣǧΣУξ̩и룬кܶණʱòİɣѹԼ򱦸ڼ۸棬һ⣬ȻԿģ
ڳƷǰ̩飬ǧҲûʲôɫ򱦸˵̩۵ʸûС
̩УΨгƷʸ
Ʒ˵ͷͷȷʵѹ˺ܶòԴȻһ˵ܺҪ˵ȴûκô
ͳͳ򱦸ÿʡĹ
ǿУξδض󲻿ԣǰ;ȻֻѣϣܹͳУξڵϵ
ǧֱԲ˵
ƷҲˣƷδǰ;Ժ˫кĵط֪з
֮⣬ﻹ򱦸һ뺯ʮ֮򱦸ķֻٰһᣬֻ򱦸صĿ˲Żõ뺯Ȼ֮ǰδй򱦸УξȻǹԻУξʱǰ׸֮ǧ˵ţ֮ץһݵ˳Ʒǰ


1746 ʮ죬̥
Ʒӹ뺯һ뺯һ̽ɫĺɫƬ򱦸֣Ϊۡ
ϸдʮ֮򱦸һᣬصȻھ뱦̩вԶһ֮С
뺯֮⣬һ˽Ʒ嵥УξУξȤԿǰǵÿһʱͻһΣϣУξʱǰ
ǧ˵
ã֪ˣʱҾͻȥģҪ̸̸ǵĺˣѼģʱҪĶͳͳԽ򱦸ҲҪ򱦸ѼһЩҩģ
Ʒ漴Ҳһ嵥д󲿷ֶʵõĵҩЩҩ˵ôѰңҪǷǳġ
ؾˣƷҪ뽫ӵʵҪĸԴȻǼΪӴġ
ⷽ棬ָͥϣָֻƷԼ
ڽ֮вķ֮һĲﱾҪָЩʿģǲóƷ
ǧһۣ漴üͷһ˵ЩûʲôȻĿЩӴ󣬵ҩȴǿҵǰЩ㿪ҩģ󲿷ֵҩǶṩһζҩ΢ȴΪϵ΢ݣʱУξǰҲˣ
Ʒʱǰһ΢ҪƳµ̫ԪҪĸҩҲǵõһݶѣƷȥǬԪһġ
֮Ȼ𣬵ȴûҵƳ̫Ԫҩġ
򱦸󣬷ƾƷһ֪Ҫҵʲôʱȥ
ҸղŴԵĹƣ΢ݲ֮⣬ҩģż۸ƷʯңֻҪʽλܸǧ΢һ˵
ڴ̳ײǧ˵ǺͳԷˮһļ򵥡
ãǾͺã
Ʒ˵ͷ
ʣµЩʱòҩģĵرĽ㹤ר㸺𣡡
Ȼˣĳȸˣǧֱ뿪ȳȥ̸ˡ
һϽŵ̸ȳƺܿͺǧЭ飬Щʱòĵرͳͳ򱦸󣬳˴չԴ֮⣬ʣࡣ
ƷҲ׵һҹòĵرͳͳתƷʯƷʯ
еʯûôԣ
˳ʯ֮󣬳ƷжܹչˣϰƷʯƷԥĽ֮У㹻Ҳһ˵ٶȳɳټ֮ǰѪħľѪһöһ˵ٶȽ
֮⣬ƷʯҲҩɽգʱҩɽѾ˸ֳƷŪҩģҩɽܹԶݻʺЩҩĻ
ǶҪ֧ţ
ʣµƷʯҲҪ΢ݣԱʱ֮衣
Щ֮󣬳ƷͻȻ֣Լԭոշһʺƣһӻ˸⡣
ɵÿЦʵ̫ԴˣҪڶʱʵͻͽȻٲ˸ԴĶ
ΪҲǿüģһڻδһ꣬ʵȴ͵˷츲صĲͬ
򱦸жѸ٣ǵڶѣֳƷԤµҩľѾͳͳ˹ˡ
ƷҲֱͣӿʼھӪ֮˵ҩɽӶ֣ƷҩҲǵһööʮöʮöơ
ֱһ¯ҩͿö
ǧõĵҩƳ
Ӫ֮еķΧҲ֮˷츲صı仯ԭؾľʿӾֻǻһڷ԰ˣҲû취;񲿶ȡ
˳Ʒ֮һоԵȫͬˡ
δ˱ͷڳƷṩֵҩ͸ѧͨؼ£˶˷ʵĽ׶Ρ
̶죬֮ʵһ츲صı仯Ӷ̶̥ǣʵȫѾﵽ˽ᵤϣʳڵĸͻƵ˽𵤾
ȵ۹еһЩˣ
ȻЩʿ츳㶥⣬УνǺȫΪһǧ
ӪһƬȣڳƷҳϺͳҲﵽһȫµĶ壬Ʒϵɽ͹Ҳԥ
ʱһۣʮ֮򱦸֮ա
ƷɽӶֱ˾Ӫ򱦸ֻᡣ
ڳƷոճ˱̩ǣʱ͸оԼ˶ˡ


1747 Ǭֵľɱ
뿪˱̩ǵһ˲䣬ͱˣ
ָоóƷһ˲䣬ȫµë׶˲ս
һĸ֣
ڵΪܹѹģǬĸ֣ҲûбĿˡ
Ʒ̾ͷӦ˹
ԭƷٶȸϵ򱦸ķֻᣬһ˲Ѿ˾һ˫ɲǼ䣬ͻһ⳯򱦸ֻȥ
ƷƺԼǸڳƷӰû˿ԥֱųƷɱ˹ֻǼɲǼĹ򣬾˳Ʒǰ
ʱƷſԼǰ֮ˣʲôһˡ
һԼĪŶʮ߰ģһۣ緢ꡣ
Ʒû뵽ܵĻͦ죬ˣ
ЦһƷȻΪ˷ֹƷߡ
ôųȻһǬĸ׷ɱңҲ²£һǬԪƷ˵ʱĿϣһʱ¶˼ֲм飬ǵᵽǬԪʱϾȻ¶˼ֿȵ顣
ƷѾжϣȻǬԪ׷ߣǣǬĸ֣ڷȻ֮УǶǸ߸ϵ洫ӣλλͬϡ
С֮УŵΪҲˡ
ܹزˣĸ۸ڶĴڣǬԪȻܹ۷Լ׷ߣʮ
һʲôҲָʹôЦ˵Ʒ˵ܲ񣬲ǲֻǾ֮ܣûҾףɱ֮ˣǹᣬ
깫ޱȽ΢ԳƷмȥ
ƷδǬǲֻһ⡣
ǹ᣿ƷУݺĻʳһᣬȻͷȻвС࣬ǺʣǹҲǼΪӴġ
ǹкܶԱڴĻʳзۣ˵ھӵмΪ˵Ĺϵ
УܹǬĸ֣ǹеٮٮߡ
ܹҵǹ£ң
Цһ˵ҿûʱ˷ѣժԴͺүȥ

ƷͻȻЦ
Цʲôеɻʵ
ЦѾǬĸ֣ȴеǬ컯޷죬ȻǬԪһƷȵ
㶮ʲôľ֮Զ׺үΰ󣬺ҲӨӨ֮ˣ
Ʒô˵˿ûжŭ෴ģΪܣΪ١
һ˲䣬ӱޱȵϻ˵ɱ㣬̥Ҳҵģ
뵽Ʒӵеһö̥֮Ҳɵ̰֮ɫ
̥ǺöǶǬĸ˵ҲǼΪҪģΪһ
һʲô֮ǰӦ͵˰ɣȴûеӳȵʦ뿪֮󣬲Ÿֻһ޵󱲣Ʒ漴뵽ʲôǳ˵
ʱɫ΢΢һ䣬ϵļһȷʵƷ˵ˣǬԪܣȻֻ£ôһֶΡ
źõﵣʱûгΪѪħնɱƷ˭֪ѪħȻƷɱ
ǿǬҳ֣ͬǬĸ֣Ҳи֮֡
һֱڣаٷְٵİգŸ

ʱŭһȣгһǹɲǼ䣬ǹ̳֮ϷѳǹӰ
ǹӰ飬籩滨һɲǼҪƷͱԴ
¶˼ɫס˳Ʒе·޿ˡ
һǹͿԽƷ
û뵽ǣƷ޾ЩǹӰͷϸֳһҩҩתϼͷųЩǹӰ䵽ҩ֮ϣ޷ֺ
䣡
ǹӰڳƷըѿͬ߱һ
ţһӰֱӳ˱ըɲǼ䣬Ѿʧ֮С
̫ˡ
ʱ͵һӷӦ˹̫ܹһǹƷȴûзƷȻյͻˡ
ųƷ֮һ׵ﳤȥʱףֱ̤Ŷݹ׷ɱȥ
֮ϣݹ໥׷𣬿磬ӱ̩ǵ򱦸ֻ಻ԶƬ֮䣬ȻѾˡ
Ʒһͷ򱦸ֻ֮У


1748 򱦸
ڳƷǸ򱦸ֻڵС֮󣬹ҲǼǰŵĹͳС֮С
ƷĶܣǹָųƷ˵
λͣʲôĶԹﶼԶ֣Ǻ򱦸ΪУǸۣе𣡡
ʱһϵ֮ϴ˹Ļһɿֲѹֹ˹
ʱɫһ䣬ܹܵǸϵһҪǿǬĸֵġ
Ǹϵ˵ֻǲ򱦸
˵ڵİᣬǹҲǲ򱦸
˽֪򱦸Ȼרע⣬ǲƸൽǸزҪ˵ûо֣ǸܣѾ໢Ƥǵȥˡ
˵Щ򱦸ĸָǲ֪Щ˵鲼Ļʳ⣬һǹܹǵġ
Ҳ֪ʲôʱʲôʱԷһָоһը̣ͿܻᱻֱӴȥ
ǹṫ̫ˣֵ
һϵѹȻʧ
漴ŷ֣ղŻǰĳƷȻѾʧӰˡ
ʱ˳Ʒ⣬Ʒǹģ֪򱦸ķֻ֮УҶ֡
ߣ򱦸Ҳʱ޵ģ༸ʱѣҾͲˣȼ֮رգ㻹Ų߲ɣǸʱɱ㲻٣
ҧгݵ
򱦸һֻᶼǬĸÿǺ
ƷҲɵ档
˸֮䣬ͽ˦󣬶߾һЩʱѾһ͵Ľ׻ᡣ
ɢ߻Сŵ߶ڽŸָĵҩҩģԼĵرȵȡ
ЩƷûʲôȤ϶һЩᵤɢڽżм𵤾ߣĶƷҲȤȱȱ
ΨһĿľǴĵ΢ݣ
ֻ֪ҪȵͻӭһĹ
ƷȴţԱֶΡ
ڵʵ֮󣬵龳۷ĸֶĶ֡
սȴ޷ͻƵǬҲֻǰ벽Ǭ
Ϊٽһﵽ˿龳۷֮ϱ꣬սһͻƵǬ
Ȼʱ䲻Ҳˣ
Ǹʱӵ˺Ǭĸ
ȻڣƷҲóΪѪħ˶ҪԶˣƸոտǬûжá
ǬƷ޾壡
ҽʣµö̫ԪƳΪͻƵ˶龳֮˭ɱ˭һأ
ƷЦһΪͻƣﵽ˶龳㲻꣬ҲɱǬֵ
뵽Ʒԥֱǧ
Уξӭ٣
ǧɹżֺЦݡ
һγУξӦΪ΢ݰɣãƷѾҪ΢ˣ
ֻᣬֳ֣һ֣һ׵ļᣬڶ֣λ֮еᣬУξ
ǧĴ֮£Ʒֱܿ˳һУֻͨ˭Ҳ֪Ȼһ
ر𣬾Ȼǽڵµġ
Ʒ߽֮󣬲ŷ֣ѾһƬзӯľ
ʮƷʯһΣʮƷʯΡ˸ߺ
ʮƷʯ
¹Ȼ̲סź
漴ֱ˷
Ʒǧһ֮С
װ꼫ӵţλڵ£ûйԴܾȻյ͵ƣЩ͵ȼ磬ɢһɵ㣬ȻͨͣһЩեȡͣ⴦ɡ
Ѱеʱһյܹ׵Ľ붨״̬ٶȡ
һ˵ֻһЩ壬ŵĸ߲ܹõ򱦸ĺݳ̶ȻǲɵóƷ档
ƷܿǧһЩϸ֮󣬱뿪ˡ
ЩĶƷȤ󣬲ܿ죬ע΢ڳˡ
λҪƽΪټ΢ݣ
˿˵
΢ҩƽͣۺҩĵҩԣ൤ҩزٵһζҩƽΪһ򱦸õ꣬λȤĹͿԿˣ׼ۣʮƷʯ


1749 ɣչ
΢Ϊһζҩ൤ҩ֮УǿΪҩڵģʹҩǾҩ΢һַǳҪĳҩ
ˣ˻Ÿո£Ѿ˿ʼۡ
ʮһ򣡡
ʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡
һϴ˷ȴ̫ңϾֻһζҩѡ
ʮ򣡡
ʱƷԥֱӱ˵
˵ֻһȽҪĸҩǶڳƷ˵ȷʵǹϵһͻƵĹؼڡ
ʮһ򣡡
һҧź
ʮ򣡡
ƷǺԥٶ̧ۡ
˶˳Ʒ־ڱصõľģʱҲֻܷˡ
ܿ죬΢ݾͱ͵˳Ʒϡ
ϲУξĵ΢ݣ
ǧԽ΢ݸƷ˹ϲ˵
ƷҲ˶ʮƷʯֱ֮ӽ΢
Ȼ΢ݵļ۸ףڳƷʵ˵ҲͲֵһˡ
΢ݵ֮󣬳ƷȫƶĶ
΢ݣʣµЩڳƷ˵ôͲǺܴˣֵҲޡ
Ʒ뵽Ҳֻ򱦸һֻѣҲߣȻҲѿʲôóƷǰһĶ
ֻ΢ݣѾ㹻óƷòˡ
΢֮󣬳Ʒ뿪еڲϵĽеУʣµĶѾƷעˡ
Ʒҵǧһչصң򱦸֮ҲĵطڳƷ򱦸еĹͣҪȻǺ⡣
ǧҲ֪ƷıչصҲֻһӶѣڻɽͼĿռ֮С
ǽһڻˡ
ɽͼУƷɽӶʼ
΢֮ʣµö̫ԪҲڿԿʼơ
һεľ֮󣬳Ʒٶ̫Ԫᳵ·Ѷȡ
Ʒ˸ӡ˵ͬʱһץץһУ֮УǷһֻʣ֮ǧѪΡ
ǧѪһΪ֮󣬳ƷͽǧѪͶɽӶ֮УͿʼ˵ҩ
ڳƷƵҩʱΪطֻƿˣǧһ֮С
УһĿݵڴ֮ϡ
ϣ֪Ǹˣǧʵ
ǹʵҲûʧķ跢ﶯ֣߻˵Ȼ㲻ͽˣһһļ֮¡
ϾȻΪֻǸոտǬǱϾǿǬĴڡ
һƻһѣɲţע⡣
Ǿͺãǧ
⹫Ϊ˳ƷҪҪƷҲϳȥ򱦸У
ֿһǧ˵
޷ȻƷǵĹͣߣǳʲôڱǹôǧ˰˵ǿԲĶԹ򱦸ҲſţǻҲţҪѭǵĹأֻҪƷ͹ûƻǵĹأͲҪ
ǧʮ㣬Ͷ֮䣬һһеζƷ߹
ΪʲôôǳƷҪ֪Ʒֻ龳Ǭǣ˵Ҹոյõ鱨⹫ֻºͻǬԪЩϵƺǬԪ׷ߣΪһƷǬԪ²ʰɣ
ΪһǬĸ֣ȴǧ鹧ƫƫ˶û˿òԸĵط
ǬԪȻǻܲ򱦸ͷϣƷҺܿδǰҲ㲻ϵǬԪʩڳƷδ˵벻ջ񣡡ǧ
ȻˣǾԣҼӹϿ˵
ǧң壬Ʒ˼ϣҪʧ
ʱգۼţڳƷϴ߶Ŀھӵ֮£ֻǰʱѣ̫ԪѾȫ˳ˡ
ƷһɽӶĶǾͱƷһҩ˱Ƕ
һ֣ö̫Ԫͷ˳ƷóһУһö̫Ԫ˽ȥ
ʣµһö̫Ԫͱֱӷȥ
䣡
̫Ԫһǿɢѵ֮УӴƷڵķʼԾת
Ʒæתʼʼ˿龳۷ľϡ


1750 ͻƣ龳۷
ڳƷ֮вϵӵųƷϸ
̫Ԫ֧֮£Ʒķڷϵ·޾һ㣬Ҫűˡ
һ˵ĻѾűˣǳƷȴͬǿͽִ򱬼ƷǿȣѾﵽһǷ켫ĳ̶ȡ
Ѱ龳۷ĸ֣ǬĴڣоͻᱻɱǳƷͬҺǬĸַŶԣ㲻ҲеĲͲԵˡ
һȦһȦķϵϴأϵĳſ龳۷ľϡ
ƷıǼⲻϺĿһ㣬צˡ
ͬʱһһƷʯ˲仯Ϊ˷ɻң̺ǱһɿֲһϵӿƷ֮С
ʱգۼţɽͼ£أƷ۾˫֮־âģ֮еľâƽʱһ޶
ΨԼ֪ʱ䣬ͻƣﵽ˿龳۷塣
Ϊһսͻͽ͵ͬն
ڳƷǸ˵ڵľӢ֮УҲԶռͷ˵սҪǿˡ
֮ǰƷ꣬Ҳûа취ͻ龳սޣȻȴͬˣƷʵһ츲صı仯֮ǰҪǿü
ϣٱ꣬ҲǳƷһӵ˿ƥǬ
˵ʱʱ죬ƷϳĽɫìɲǼ䣬Ѿһͷɫĳꡣ
һͷɫĳԭĲͬβԭǰͬСɽһӴ󣬵ǴĿѹȸУȴСɽһСʱӾˡ
һεĳ꣬£ʩչѧ
սһ
һϢͷ˳ɽͼĿռ䶼ڲϵĶŤ
ƷڲϷӿĿֲһܹһȭظԴĸо
龳֮ϵǬôƷ˵Ȼİʵϣڵʵļ֮УܹԶǿٱ
һӵڼ֮иܣȫȫͬĸо
һ̣ƷѾϵĳѪ»Ρ
ȷʵǿ󣡡ƷƾڵʵѾһˣѪȷʵǷǳķģֻΪһŵƣΪսʹá
ҪӵƥǬ˶龳ǲпܡ
ƷʧΪҲԶˣʵϣͷһö̫Ԫ㹻Ʒһͻơ
ߺߣҵҪ˭ɱ˭
ƷЦһʱ仹ܹоͼ͸ϴƷĽ硣
ȻڳƷ־ڱصá
Ȼֻ֪ʱѣƷѾ̥ǵı仯ˡ
δȳƷʲôأѾһ
Ʒɽͼһȴǧ
Уξһ򱦸ֻѾˣǧ
ã߶ˣұȥˣԺʲôҶǵģƷ˵꣬ǧǣֱһ⣬ʧԭء
ǧǿųƷʧӰ֮в¶˾âֻǶ̶ʱѣƷʵȻͻơ
ǺεȺ˵飡
ȻƷصĺܺãǸ֪ˣ
Լжϣ⼸ʱ֮УƷ϶ʵǿˣ
е˼û뵽ƷĻҪ˲ãһ£ҪǹأɱˣȻ̫ϧˣǧ۾漴ת뿪
ʱƷѾ򱦸ֻ֮⣬ԶԶģԿһһĶݹ⣬ͬһʻ
Щ֮뿪򱦸ֻˡ
ǳˣ
ʱ򣬳ƷһЦͬʱһ޴ޱȵǹâո˳ȻֱӳųƷ˹ȥ
һǹٶּֿɲǼ䣬ҪƷ˺飬һǹҪƷˡ
֮ȴǱˣǹ˺üʱ䣬ٶȳ֣ͲƷκλֵĻᡣ
ƷҲ˲˷ӦɲǼ䣬μ˸ʧԭء
䣡
һǹâݺ䵽˵֮ϣһ޴Ŀն
ף¶˼ɻ飬ƷȻ㿪ĹƺǰٶҪˡ


1751 ֣˾
漴ͽֻƵͷϳԺ֮УŲǶ̶̼ʱѡ
ĸ˵һαչصʱ䶼ԶԶƷô̶̼ʱ֮ھ˷츲صı仯
ֱڿЦһԼ֪ˣ
뵽֮о˸˺˵â뵽˼ǰɱƷ򱦸ظ
ϲ²Ĳ࣬ǶǬԪģǹףûеʧķ裬ȻҲף˵ǲ򱦸󣬾ǹᣬҲͬǲ򱦸
򱦸ǹᶼʲô׷ǬԪҲ򱦸Ķ֡
һǿ֮Ȼ
Σұɱ㣬ҵҪ˭ܾȵ㣡
뵽ٶȳˡ
ǹգ
һǹֱӳ֣ǹâ֮и˳һɲǼ䣬ͬһɽգųƷֱӴ˹ȥ
ǣƷȻҲ㣬־һȭ䵽˳ǹ֮ϡ
䣡
һ޴ĺǹâȭײһ𣬼ҪضźˣȻɲǼ䣬һɿ񳱡
ԹĹƷҲǺסΡ
ôܣʱЩ˵Ҳȫû뵽ƷȻôɵĽסԼĹ˵һ龳Ƕ龳ĸҲᱻֱӵɱ
ģ
սôôࣿ۾Ī㽫̥ˣ
Ψһܹ뵽ĿҲˣϾƷвɵĻ϶취Լʵ֪ĳƷԼʵİ취Ҳ̷ֻ̥ˡ
ҲΪˣжʱһŭΪͽƷ̥ԼĶˣڳƷȻҽĶˡ
ϵһϣֱеŭ𱬷˿
㾹Ȼֱ̥ﲻˡҪ㵱ҩҩԸȣ
뵽֮бɱ⡣
Ʒ뷨ֻЦһ˵ҩûƾһ㣬ͱضҵϣ
ƷԺ֮˻ʵļ䣬Ȼ֪ʲôҩˣǵ֮еһаϹ䣬кܶ൤ʦιҩƳΪҩ
ַ˵ǷǳǳĲ̣ȴкִܶ˲ƣȻаǶںܶ˵ȴǷǳ֮Чİ취
⹫ȻҪԼƳΪҩƷôܷŹ
ƾ㣿̥Σƾ龳ΪҲҶԿ
ûԼʧܵ⣬һƷѣȻţֱ޷졣
һ˲䣬ٶȳˣеһǹո˳һֱӴ˳գǹƳգֱӱһҵĦضžҵȼһ
ƷǸη塣
˲ȭ
Ʒ˰˲Ӱϯ빫ǹײһ
¡
һ޴ĺ˫ٶ֮б˾˵ײ
ȻȱըγɵĿɢ˿Ʒ͹˼ǲԼͬѡŶԷɱȥ
䣡
䣡
䣡
֮Уһδξ˵ײĹâڱ˳գͬʱҲ׼뿪򱦸Ŀˡ
ʲôǬĸֵĽô
˾һּĽ棬˲İһӾ͸Ӧ˳ֻһûףΪʲôȻǬĸڽ档
ǸҺʶǹһţɣ˵ոտǬˣ
һǹʶ֮ǰ֣ȷʵû
һ˭Ҳôܹ빫Ĳ£
ԣ׼ȷ˵ӦЩ·磬ˣҲ˵ˣ֮ǰǾȻһ㶼֪
۷׷ףǶܹóʱϿսս˫ѾѰ龳ĴڣȻ˵Ǭĸ֣˶֪ģһƷȻΪ֪ǾȻܹ빫Ӳƴôжֻ·ѣѾʮ־ˡ
Ļʳʵ̫ˣ龳Ÿǲܹ˼סģʵҲֻЩѾǬĸ֣Ŀԡ
ֻгΪǬĸ֣Ļʳ֮У߸ϵĴ


1752 ն
ڴĻʳһ仰بų棬Ǭվֻ϶ѣ
ֻе΢ǿһϣеĽֻϰˣ
ʣΪ½ǬĸֶΪ֪֮ԵǣսǸˣȴ˵֪С
ʣܹ빫սڣѾ㹻˵ˡ
Ȼ֪ʲôǽƾŽһսҪ䶯һʱˣ
ǰȻ龳
˾һֵķ֣빫սǸˣȻһ龳ߡ
ȻƷֳϢҲͬޱȵĿ񱩣ʮֵĿ£
龳龳ǬǲǬзǳġ
ȻΧ۵֮УûһǬĴڣûгԹҲܣǲǬȴҲ֪ǬӦʲôġ
һʹȥĸоǰһһǼ
ƷҲһǬĸֵĻôǻ˼ҵĸоƫƫƷֻһ龳Ĵڡ
龳Ǭֱ췽ҹ̷
Ǿ췽ҹ̷飬ƷȻˣôܻ޻顣
ôܡ˾ʲô龳Ǭдеķ֮˰ɣ
˲ΡΡ˵¼䣬ŲЩ֮УҲǷֳɺּܶġ
ܹҲδΪĻʳ򼶱ĴģѾ˲õ츳ˣʮһǬԪǰ㡣
Ҫ֪ʮŵҲ̶ֳȶѡ
֮ϣνķʣпܳΪһ
ĻʳֵҲ࣬ÿһǴǴһѹ˷ʱĽ١
ٸһķʵʣϹʣ뵽ڼǸû˵ˡ
ܹзʣ¼ˣ
Ҳѣɵѻȸ˵Ļ˵˲ˡ
̾չ˻ӰͼΣ빫սĳƷӰ¼æϢȥøԵڳƷһС
ʱ򱦸ֻ֮Уǧ˱ֶԶս֮еĳƷ͹ˡ
⹫ǹľţȻǹʵȲ򱦸󣬵ǵҲһܹǿеţȻǵϵ˵ͷ˵˵ǸƷǱ㿴еȻ龳֮빫ĵز
˵ţϵüͷ΢ֻӵĵزĻƷֻ¾ҪܣᱻҲһƾһǿŵڣ龳Ǭ֮Ͼ֮𣬳־սԳƷ
־սԳƷⲢζųƷһ취ûˣǧƷΪأ⼸ҲϸѼ鱨ݿɿϢǬԪϣһһҩЩڶûг֣ҹƣƷδȫֻڵȴʲôҿʤδ֪أ
ǧ֮ս֮еĳƷ֮ڴɫҲ֪زƷܹʲôİ취Ťתơ
۷׷֮ʣ֮ϵĳƷ빫֮սѾ˰ȻĽ׶Ρ
ƷǺƱƵǽһ㣬ϵĺˡ
ѾˣȻһûгƷձڣ
ԽԽ˷ܣղűƷ龳ߴսҲһɨա
Ʒֶκܶ࣬ڶ࣬Σʵǰһжǿյģ
뵽Ƶʱһɨա
һҪ
һȣǹֱӻһɫſѪڣųƷɱ˹ȥ

֮еĳƷѪûзȴ֪ʲôʱ򣬳ƷͷѾֳһҩҩתͽһǹ赲סˡ
湻ˣǬҲˣ濴ն㣡
Ʒﻹиղһ˿ҵӣ෴ֻš
ղѹֻƭˣﻹиղŵǷģ
һ˲䣬Ʒжɽ˿ϣÿһë׶ſĽɫëһ˲䣬ƷѾΪһͷɫγꡣ
ã
ʱʱע⵽Σգá
һ⣬ֱնǹѾ֣޷طֱͱƷһնС
ۣ
һѪ˲䵹˳ȥ


1753 նɱ
ͻȻĳƷֱӴ˹һֲ
Ҳѹû뵽ƷͻȻ˿Ǭʵ
ڴ֮ǰһ㶼ûнƷһƷΪ֮Ŀ
ֻǸоƷǳѲҲֻѲѡ
ֻҪСһЩɽƷնɱ
˭֪ƷʵΪһ£
Ʒ֪ʵ͹ӲӲĻֻδܹڶʱ³Ʒ
ϾʱҲޣȫʵ
ԲҪַ
ƷԤϵǰ㣬û˿׼ͱƷ͵Ϯ֣һش
Ʒһιǹȫû뵽ԶΧ۵Ҳͬû뵽
˶ĿɿڴԭǻΪƷ龳⹫زѾʮ˲ˡ
˭뵽ƷȻֶܹͨΣһӾͽش
ȻȻֶΣ˲ã˲ã
ʱǧ֮бһâ
ͲµƷ϶еƣҲܹ׷ɱ
û뵽ƷȻӵֶΡ
أһ·뵽ʲôһ
òᣬһʼͲֻǴѹĹһʼǴһնɱ
ǧʱӦ˹Ļ֮ǰƷ಻ĵطʱҲ˺Ľˡ
һʼƷͺĲһУǬĴڣƷܹ⣬ܹӳ죬Ѿǳˡ
ǳƷ뷨Ȼ˶һ¿ʼʹҪֱնɱ뷨
㿴˳ƷչֳľʵǧǱƷĴ󵨸ŵˡ
ߵϴʱҲǶʱɫ䣬ΪҲ뵽һ㡣
˵ĻǳƷǵˡ
Ǭĸ֣ڷȻ֮УĴڡ
˵Ѱ֮УǻϾ̫ϳϼĸֲпܡ
ĸ֣Ѱ龳ֻ¸ͷҪĸֶԿѾҪĪˡ
ƷȻͬѰ֪Ϊʲôˣ
ϳһ£˵
֪ǧʱҲΪ𺳣˸ָųƾŵƺͳƷȣâͰĶˡ
֪ܻͨᣬƷĹȼһΣ
ǧ˵ز۵ĻδĿԶǴڵģڲ֧֣Ժ¾ûлˣ
ϵ˵ͷ򱦸֮أȻʲôнѩ̿ĵ
΢ĩʱδҪѶȿɾҪĶˡ
ʱƷɳȥ֮󣬹ֻо嶼ҪƷն룬ҵʹ̼񾭣׶Ť
Ҫɱ㣬ɱ㣡
ҵʹžҵķŭֱʡ
ɱңֻûˣȪ̤
ڴʱƷһŹֻһֻë׵Ľצֱӽ̤һնĿȱ
ĻȪˮĽצΪģ˷ɢ˿
ЩȪˮǧγ֮ƣɲǼ䣬ݺݵ䵽˹ϡ
أ
˺ײһݺײ˵֮ϣ˺ѿһ޴ޱȵĴ󶴣Ϊģѵ֩һ㣬ɢ
ͬʱϰɸߵĳˣ
һΧ۵ĸֻúɣ·֤˻صһһ㡣
ÿµһǬȫôĿɿڴ˵·֮ǰǬв²⣬ʱȫΪС
ĻҪӾˣ
ֻоȫµĹͷҪȫɢһŽȫµĹͷͳͳȶˡ
Ҫ֪ΪǬĸ֣ǿӹɣͷӲھȻƷһŸȶˡ
ƷҲһشز
ҵʹҪԹȥ
𣡡
ŭһ˺Ҫڿϵӿͼֿ
ȻزƷôܷŹ
뷴˲ȭ
Ʒһȫ·ڶָȭȭݻ˲˵Ӱһ壬γɺХ֮ƺݺݵĺȥ
¡
һĢƻڶǿȭѹһУҲһС
̳֮ɢȥһ޴ޱȵĿӶ֮УУѾһƬѪģҲˡ
ˡګګĵ


1754 
̳ɢ˻Ŀɿڴ
֮ǰ뵽õľ棬ҲǳƷڹ֮󣬼ֲסǱߡ
龳ߣܹǬĸѣѾˣϻһ龳ߣѾԴشһˡ
ǳƷ·Ϊ˴Ѱ˵֪ģ
ҲǬĸɾͣһٽǬĸֺɱ
Ȼˣ
ǧҲЩĿɿڴܳƷǽʲôˡ
˾ˣҲζųƷսܹȦӰϱˣѾǷǳ˲ˡ
ǴѼƷŰûжʱ䣬ֻǷڵһŵӡ
ڣһ꣬ȻǬĸֶ
뵽оʮ𾪣֮ǰڳƷѾ߿һۣܻ߶ԳƷ۱׼
ڿֻ»ȫСƷˣ
˵֮ǰسƷֻΪƷǱĻôھȫͬˣӵնɱǬֵʵѾֻǱʵˡ
ǱֻǱֻδпܴﵽĸ߶ȡ
ʵȴͬھӵеģ
ҪƷĵȼٶȵߵһΣ
ȻЩǿ룬ܻǱ֪һսĻӦҲᷴԽƷĵǼߵЩʮŵǬ콾һεģϿ˵Ҳм𺳣Ȼʵʲô
ǳƷ龳նɱʵ̫ˣȻǬʲôϵӵǬսǬһ޶ˡ
ǧ˵ͷԺ󽫳Ʒ鱨ѼߵһΣ
ʱ򱦸ֻ֮ϣƷϵĳìֱ»Ρ
Ʒʱޱ飬һֻֽʬץɽͼĿռ֮У󱬳ΪһѪ⣬С
˵ȫڳƷܹնɱǬĸ֣ǶڳƷ˵ѾնɱĵǬĸ֡
ǰйӣ滹ѪħʵѾǵˡ
˵߸ϵǬ˵ȴûһǰ
ɽͼڣƷʯѿ޾ӿ֮С
Ʒܹһ˵ٶȳɳԽԽ
ƷѹƷʯ󲿷ֶι˵ȴǲò顣
ΪֻԼˣֻҪܹ죬Ϊؽһ
Ǭʵֽһ츲صı仯һ
һԳҪɱҲɱֻ
´ʱǬԪ֣Ҳ£֮ǰشǬԪȻη塣
˼꣬ң
Ʒս˫ȭ
뵽ƷҲûκֱͣ뿪򱦸ķֻᣬֱ˱̩ǡ
ʱڱ̩У֮ǰƷ̩и֮Уû֪Ʒ뿪˾Ӫһˣͷô顣
֪ƷһսɱһǬĸ֡
ص˱̩ǵľӪУƷȳƸ˹
ʦ֣
ȳһ˵
ʱˣ
ȳæ˵࣬ûгʦֵĻҵȻ֪Ҫʲôʱͻأ
ȳ˵ţ¶ּ飬Ϊ̶̵ֻʱѾͻƵ˿龳۷壬ֻ벽ͿԿ뵽龳ľ֮С
Ҫ֪ܹŵӴǰʮʵ˳ƷĹ⣬Ӯ
ڲͬˣͬҲѾ˿龳۷壬ʵˡ
ʮ˻ҲѾ˿龳ڣʵԴӸ˳Ʒ֮Ҳ˲С
Źȥ˶ʱ䣬˵һжǳƷġ
ڷ֮УֻǱԵӣеĻԴȻٲǣԴȴֲܡ
ⷽ棬ǷȻҲÿһӶܵԴ
ڸ˳Ʒ̩֮ǸҲֵԴԴĶ֮£ΪȻͻͽһĽչ
ֻҪʵʵҰ£ȻٲǵĺôƷڵΪԶԶģֻ㵽˶龳ܹң
ȳһ漴¶˼־ϲӵ顣
ʦ֡ѵ˵
µҪͻƶ龳̵ʱͻƣ
Ʒֱӿ˵
лʦ֣
ȳƶʱϲ˵


1755 ඥ󷨣˹
ȳ־ϲȫû뵽ƷҪͻƣҪ֪ûиƷ֮ǰ뵽ģ붴龳ҲҪʮʱ䡣
Ȼڰ֮ǰҲ˿г޵ţ츳еزʱҲһա
ʣµĻϾҪˮĥ򲻶ϵĻ۲пͻˡ
˭֪ڿõ϶ʮ꣬ϾͿԿ붴龳
ʮ֮ϣǬ
˵Ļôǹҫˣ
ڴĻʳ֮УûǬĸ򣬻ϾϵεļͲļ֮
ܹǬȼҲõĪĺô֮Ȯ졣
ðһͶƷ̫ˡ
лҪΪҰ£ȻٲĺôƷֱ˵Ȼ֪Щ˻ͶȻΪ֮۷ͷͰݡ
϶иԵŻΪƷ׷ߡ
ǳƷȴųû˭ܹ
һΣһඥ󷨣ΪȥͬʱһὫ龳ľһڸ㣬ͻ֮Ҫ㹻ʱ̣ƷõķȻǻʼսصһŹඥ󷨣ֹඥ󷨣ܹ˵ΪһΣķܳãӰ޷ߵ۷塣
ƷԼǾԲʹĹඥӹģȳ˵ȴ޷ΪûгƷĻҲûϣ۷塣
ඥбףؼҪǶ˭ʹˡ
лʦ֣
ȳƵȻҲףûѵֹͣඥ󷨿϶һЩȱݣʵԵòֵһˡ
мʡʱ䣬㹻ˡ
ƷȳֱһĵȳƵͷ֮ϣΪԳƷԵΣȳȻҲᷴɳƷڵķͨӿ֮С
ȳڵķڳƷĺ嫷Ĵ֮£سŶ龳ȥ
һȦһȦĳ˰ʱ䣡
أȳ͵һ۾һɿ񱩵ķ˿
ȳȭͷƺе㲻ţԼȻӵ˾˵ʵһ
ͰǰȣܹоԼʵǿ˺ü
ʱףΪʲô֮еľӢһ˸߸ϣŵӸˡ
Ϊ˫Ĳʵ̫ˣԵ㣡
ڵΪ׾پͿԴ򱬺ü֮ǰԼѹ־ӢӿŵӣڣҲǰԼҲὫŵӷˡ
Ƕ龳
ȵķǸоԼЩȣףΪľˮɣԲȱ෴ģǱƷǿġ
ԭǿ龳۷壬ֻǿһ磬̫š
ȥҲûƣֻµҪ
ȳƻʶʲôæ¹ݵлʦЯ֮ӽ󣬳ʦֵǲĳضǣ
ƷȳƣЦЦ˵Ҳò㸰ʵʵĸҰ¾ˣȥһǵʵһˣ
ŵ
ȳæܳ˧֮⣬ѰʮƷ׷߶ȥˡ
Ʒʱƽһڷڵķʹùඥ󷨶ڵķļֱȴһս
Ļָʮ־ˣûãѾָĲˡ
һඥʩչҪʵʩչҪǿǳſԣȳƵΪƷ൱Ʒսֹǿϼʮ
ſ׾ٵʩչඥ󷨡
ҪȳƵ˵ʵеҲںˣϾȣĵʵ̫ˣͬն
Ҫøַ
ܿ죬ȳƾʹͬϷ׷״žϲЦݵʮƷ׷˧֮С
ƷҲʵȳʵѶȲͬʮֻǴӿ龳龳۷壬ûпԽһ󾳽硣
ʱҲȳʱҪٵĶˣʮҲֻǻһʱ䣬ͳͳˡ
лʦΪҵʮڳƷͳͳͳͳ֮󣬷׷׶ԳƷһ˵
һʱ䣬һչУȡһؾͽˣƷ˵ǵʵϣܹϴóϣҳصʱؾܹﵽ𵤾ϣ
ŵ
æӦ


1756 չ£̥
ڽؾе֮󣬳Ʒֱӿʼչ״̬
һΣҪһֱͻƵ˶龳
һεͻƣսҲһ츲صı仯ԺǬĸֽ棡
Ȼʱľ绹ûܿǬսȴԱȼ̶ֳȵĸ֡
ΪҪģ
Ʒȫķ۶֮γһ޴ޱȵУԽԽ󣬲Ƭ֮䣬ѾΪһ޴ķ籩
ͬʱڳƷƷʯըѿųƷӿ˽
ͬʱƷҲһö̫Ԫ̽˸Уҩͷ˳
Щȫͷ˿ƷǿпסʼŶ龳ȥ
֮ǰȳͻƶ龳ľ飬Ʒڶ龳Ҳȫһ֪
෴ģͻƶ龳Ҳ˾顣
ȻȳͻƵѶȺͳƷͻƵѶȣֱһһأͲһϡ
Ȼһľ飡
һݾ飬ƷͻҲͼ򵥵Ķˣ˷򣬱ǳȥ
ʱҲųƷıչжһһĹȥ
µʱգۼţ
ڱ̩˵µʱ䣬ǧ䶯Ϊҵ¡
̩ԭȫȫϴһ飬ʣµ̨ģҲȫȫֻʣڳƷ
ҲǱͶ˳Ʒ
ǺͳƷԵҲؾɾ
ȻƷ֮УӰǱչˡ
ؾûоôҹͣĲ
Ҫ֪̩ؾڴĻʳ֮УߵľӶ㲻ϣֻߵĵطӡ
һѵƵҲ൱޵ģ
ԴӳƷӹؾ֮󣬿ʼҹͣĲҲЩʿҲߣûĸĺܴ
µʱ䣬˶սľžӪ֮дĲڲĽΣҲ֪Ȼ˶һЩķš
Ƕսľķ֣ؾӪϷľڲϵۡ
ԭؾӪϷľʮֵĻɢģɾģҲǿŴĹ˲ܹǿ
ڲͬ¸ǿȵĲԽԽ㣬ԽԽǿЩķſȥȻܹʵ廯ˡ
ֻдĻʳһߵľӲܹ顣
߲Ӷʵ廯ľ˵ߵĵطˡ
ǲܵ漣ľͶǰ߾ˡ
֪µʱ䣬̩ؾ˶ô̥ǵı仯
˸֣ΪЩ˶ܹףҪһ֧̥ǣֻͨ˵ȻǸ붼룬½һ֧طĵزǸܵ顣
ʿҲߣҲߣҪһҲ췽ҹ̷ΪҹѹեǱû㹻Դ֧ţֻᱻ
Ҳ˵µʵ֮У̩ǵؾʵ˷츲صı仯Ҳ֪ҪͶٵԴ
뵽Ʒ֮ǰŽ𣬳ţЩؾʹõԴԴҲһĽˡ
ˣֻðզ࣬ȻԼҵĲƲǳƷĴ󷽻˸оЩ˼顣
Ͷȥģȫ֣
Լ˽˲Լ׷ߣǻ⡣
ؾ׶ǴĻʳľӣƷ־Ȼ£Ҳ˸벻ͨ
Щƺµ˳ƷĿ
ڷھ֮ϵôĸԸڱ̩طɣǿֵãΪ۽͸߶ȸͲͬ
˵˳ƷĿĺ뷨ЩȫͬΪǵĲѾȫͬˡ
ؾȻڽܹĵĲУȴҲȫ֣෴ģΪ׷Ӵܸصԭ̩еĸؾγ
ȳƵĴ֮£ֱӽЩķ˴˸飬ͲǶ֡
Ҳ֪Ŀɿڴؾʵٶ֮죬˶Ϊ֮𾪣ȻȫѾ˽𵤾֮С
еľ٣Ѿ龳֮УڴĻʳ֮УҲһ߾񲿶Ӳеʵ
ǣЩĴ׷ı̩ǸķҲûͣ
һ죬̩ؾľӪϷһȺѪɫ۵ĹһȺ۵ߵĴ֮£ƺƵֱ˾Ӫȥ
˲䣬̩ؾľԶݻֱӻһ˵Ӱֳһֱ꣬ӳɲǼնȥ


1757 ǬϮ
̩ǾӪ֮еľ֮ʵ̩֮ΪŨĵط
ھµĲԭ̩еľʿֻһֲ鵤ߣڣȫ˽𵤾
ʵν죡
ʵĶһ˵ٶһжʿӰ֮ϡ
ʿ̩ؾĵͶӰϴĻʳĹǿ¼ˡ
ͣ
ӦѪɫ۵ĹˣֱնУη׷ڰ֮ը鿪
ʱѪɫѿ˲ڿЩ˵ݣȻ̵Ѫ
Ϯ
һ˲䣬Ӫ֮е˶У̾ͷӦ˹еϮ
ȳһȣϾһԾ𣬷ɵ˰֮УЩڵĸҲ
ȳƿ֮ϺƺƵʮѪټΪ׵Щ۵ĸ֣ÿһҲ龳ϵĸ֡
Щ˼ϰˣ
Ҫ֪̩ؾҲֻ˵ıƶѣ
Ǻ˾ֻ±̩ǾӪ¾ͻᱻ¾
˲ϳΪ׵Щ۵ӰȫǱ̩֮иЩ죬Ҳһֱ׷Щ
û뵽ЩһξȻ̣Ҫֱӽ̩ؾľӪ
ЩȻҹ̣ˣϵ¶ǵĻ·
ȳƴһ
زˣǻҪʲô·ôȽЩƷĹӺͳƷһնɱ֮Ͼ壬ѵɱǣ̫Цˣ
Щ֮УΪ׵һӹЦһ֮гɱͺ⡣
ǶҵһϣǳƷǱ̩֮и߸ϵĴ
Ȼ壬ǵѣ˭Ը֮ء
Ͼĵ֮ˣҲûʲôֱҪȥΪ飬һжǳƷģûԹ
Ѵǽ˭ߣ
ȳƱһ
ɱУ
ʱ󣬱̩ǵؾѾʼµĵһĿޣʱȫչ˳
Ƭ̼ĹЩʿѾսھĵļӳ֮£ھӪϷǸʿӰʵٶȻӶе곯֮ն
¡
һȴûܹնЩǿеϣնһѪɫĽ֮ϡ
һ޴ޱȵĺɲǼ䣬ضΪ֮
ôܣȳ϶¶˼־ɲ飬Ҫ֪ڱ̩ؾľʿ۶ɵľӰ˵ʲô龳֣һһ
һܺɱü
ȻʿЩ˵ֵһᣬһʮ˸ϳս󶼻ᱻ׾ٵ¾
ﵽһĳ̶ȣǽͻȫת
һʼҲûЩһЩ龳ȻҳӪֱѰ·
ĻʳЩܹѹ˷ʲôʮҲãʲôаħҲãǶ֣кܴһֵԭ򣬱Ϊһ֧Ӵľӡ
ȻҲûоܹԸľӣǾԲ龳ߡ
˭֪һȻˡ
ʱ֮УһӰ˳һһԳȫѪɫͨ죬ĹһĸߴѪҪӸߴһϡ
ͽˣһؾľôҵĶ֣ľͽˣЩͳͳնɱɾһ
ʱǸĹ￪Ц˵ɳҹһ㡣
ţȴһͷֱӸֳѪɫâЩѪɫĹâһһ֮ϣǼʵʻӰС
ʿ۶ɵӰŭͼȴûκΰ취ֻҡ
ǬѪ
ȳƶʱͫ΢΢ʱڷӦ˹ѹЩȻôĵӣҳӪԭȻһǬѪ
ǬĴڣĻʳ֮УǶǸ߸ϵĴѾһ顣
ÿһĸֵĳ֣ڵ˵֮֡
ɱɱǣΪѪױЩѪծѪ
ǸΪ׵Ķҵĸ֣ʱһ˵
Щ棡ȳҧ˵һӦ뵽˳ƷǴʱƷڱչ֮Уָϡ
󣬽ͳͳ
ȳ漴˵
ݣ
ݣ
֧˳գɲǼ䣬ͽһѪһ˸Դ˵ϡ
ҲԳΣǻȳƸˣȴֻ޴ĺֱը顣


1758 ÿµһÿµĳƷ
󵱳ѿ
ȴǰ֮еǬѪֳһųֱһͽӪе顣
ǬֵĿɴ˿ɼһ㣡
ؾӪ֮еر󲿷ֵʿֻǽ𵤾Ϊʲô龳ʮûпܹƣʱһҪ¾
ΪʲôѰԳĹϵ
ܹǧ֮кֱײģȻǾ֣ʣǬĸ֣ӵʵ
ľҲ˿
ϣɱЩˣ
ĸ̵ֱֺֺײ˹

ȳƶʱŭɶֻҪ㹻ʱ䣬Щ߸ӶӣһͿһ
󣬾רſЩ龳ĸֵģ
ڴĻʳУרǬĳ󣬵ÿһһǬĸ֡
ֻĻʳĴɱ֮˸
󱻻ȳƵֶβˡ
ɱУ
ȳƴһķӿؾľԿЩɱϰ龳ϵĸ֡
ˣȻ᧿ΣΪԷĸ̫ˣϰˣ̩ǵؾҲ˶ѡ
һʱ䣬ȻĽڽڰˣݻӰͬʱѪס޷ڳնɱˡ
ҾҪؾƬײ
ʱǶҲдĸֹЦһɫޱȵ
¡
󱻸ֹƿɲǼ䣬ؾ·׷׺˺ü³һѪشˡ
ƷأƷҪնԼҶŵԩ꣡
ǶҵĸſĴЦ˵
ңأһʵӾӪе˧дһֻƾ۶ɣ漴һֱ
أ
ǶҵĸָӦֱӾͱУػ֮ըΪһѪ⡣
ʱһƬžǸղźɱĸֺѪǣʱҲΪ֮һ͡
ֻоΪ֮һǺεȾ˵ʵǶҵĸ֣ǿ֪ģܹ֮гΪΪʵ֮ҲٮٮߣǶ龳ĸ֡
龳ĸȴһĳһѪ⣬ǺεȺ˵ľ
˵ʲô˵ֵ˵ʵѾһ־׵ĵزˣ
һ˲䣬һӰ˰֮Уһ°ɫۣӢˬһ㡣
ǳʦ֣
ȳƼ״ʱϲ
ʦСģԷǬĸ֣
Ʒ¶˼Ц飬ȻѪ죬ʱѪֻоһëƱһͷ̫޸һ
޷ССǬѪȻҵؽ磬ƷЦһ˵
ССǬʱеȫ޷Ӧ˵ʲôǬĸ֣ǾǸ߸ϵ½һÿһǬֵĳ֣˵Ǽ˿µġ
һ࣬ΪھӪôѪЦſ˳ƷѾˣƷֻǶ龳ѡ
ϾϷĲǬо޴Ĳġ
龳ֻ龳ǬǬȫȫͬġ
ΪƷھӪ֮оıŸҴʴʡ
һ龳Լǰǲô
˵ʱʱ죬Ѫ쳤ֱ֣һ˳ȥ
ݣ
ƿ˳գ·һһ˰գɲǼ䣬ѾųƷŶ
ʦСģ
ȳƶʱʧɫղѪ칭ѾǼʶˣƻ
Ҫ֪ǴĻʳģרֵֶΣô׾ͱƻģǻǵס֪Ѫ칭жôľˡ
ǴʱѾˣһѪɫĹâѾֱƷŶ
˶û뵽ǣһ޴ޱȵĺƷȻһѽһѪɫļâץС
˶ԿʸƷĶͷֻһľ˶ѣƷץס˼֮󣬼βھҵĶ֪һжôĿֲ
һɽֱԴ
һȴƷ׵ĸҲ˶ˡ
ÿµһÿµĳƷ
ʱԶѾΧ˺ܶеߣǶͻĹҲҿ˫սս˵ڵһĴڡ
ֻǸоǰһųƷͽסһⳡʵ̫ˡ


1759 ɱѪ
һԽǿ£ƷֽסһĳɵҲԽǾˡ
ƷֽסһҲʹţƷʵԲԭ²ô򵥡
Ӧ˵ԶԶŶԣ
֮ǰƷȻڵ𣬵ʵϣ˿ҲǶ龳Ϊ
󣬻ܹϮɱĿԡ
ϾƷǸոճΪڵľӢӱ䵽ģڷڵľӢӣжٻ֪һЩġ
ҲǶ龳ΪȻǿ󣬵ҲǲƥС
һƺ֮ǰȫͬƷԭԤҪǿһֹ
Ҳ˶ѣ
ƷЦһţƷɲǼҲˣֱǽһ˦˳ȥ
ݣ
Աʱٶȵ˳ȥֱӻһɿֲķ籩˵ʱʱ죬֮УȻֳʮâ
ͣ
ͣ
ͣ
âֱ֮ңʮϮĸֱֱӶ˵ϣ˲
Щ˶ǸдĸֺѪ֮дﵽ˶龳ĸ֣ڱƷһ˲ͳͳˡ
Уξ䣡
֪˭һʱؾʿǣϾڸղĻ̵̻ʱ򣬳Ʒĳֱ֣Ǿú¶һǴӼΣ֮иȳ
ԭʵǿ䵱ȷĶ龳ĸ֣Ȼֺɱˡ
ǺεȾ˵ʵ
ʱʿĴ֮ԵľԭЩľ۶ɵӰʱ˲ʵˡ
۶ɵӰͺؾʿϢϢأؾʿԽǸ߰ôӰҲԽǾˣȻʼҪѪɫ
ȥԸͷʣµľͽˣͳͳɱɾһ
Ʒ˵
Ȼһ˽ЩֵĵɱɾȴûѡôҪؾ֡
˵ٰʽϴվֻﳤĻ䡣
˵Ĺ򣬳Ʒһ˸ѾһͷѪǰ
һץסЩסӰѪɫһЩѪɫץ˷顣
ֵˣ˵ɣô
ƷĮ˵
Ѫ״ʱŭɶƷֱĴڡ

еŭʱ˿
ƾ㣿Ϊסҵһܹƽƽ龳ֻǶ龳ѣҾ֪龳ǬĲ𣡡
Ѫ̲סˣһǵصѪվֱ۳˿µѪɫӰ۳һֻѪɫƣųƷ
һһ־ѧֱóƷ޿ӣ޿ɱܡ
ƷվŲƾһֻѪɫĴһռ䶼Ҫ̮Ŀը鿪
ʱ򣬳Ʒһ֣һ˵Ľ֮ϣֱ۳һ⣬һϲһһɫֻһӳɲǼ䣬ͽһֻѪɫĴֵи
䣡
ѪɫĴһӵ䵽˵ϣֱɢѪ
ʲôѪʱɵӳƷһ֮иܹܵв
߽
Ʒ
ͬʱڳƷҲͬʱֳѱϵһѱγһڳƷתƷС
Ѫܹоڽ̺֮˿ơ
ԭľѧѹôԴ󣡡
ѪʱߺһȫаٶɲǼͷγһѪɫĶǣѪɫǵ֧֮£ϵϢǿ
ֱӳųƷ˹ȥһһ
ֲѪͬѪһųƷѹȥֱħһ㡣
ˣ
ĵһĻڳƷȴǸʲôֱһȭȥ
˲ȭ
˵ֲӰ۽ȭ֮У˲˳ȥ
أ
һ춯صײţĿɿڴһĻˡ
ȴƷһȭֱӽѪһֱ۴ձըˡ
ôܣ
ѪҽһˣԼȫһȻƷһȭ赲ס
̫ˣ
ƷХһѪ쿴ǿʵϣһΡ
Ʒһ߰ѱ˲ڶ۳һ˵Ľ⣬ֱһɨ
ͣ
Ѫҽһؿڱ֫ͬԴͬʱȥ
˲


1760 ȫǳ
ûʲô춯صĴսǬĴս˵սֻɱݡ
Ĵս֮󣬲ܼ¶ԷȫĲͬƷǼ֮ڣ͸ɴľͽǬѪɱˡ
ָɴ磬ؾʿУȻʿ񣬽ǾеĵһԽһ֧ҲԽܹ
û˱ЩߵӸףӵһǿĽ˵ж
֮ǰУξ˭˵νΪǻײЩУξÿһҲǽһľǶƽľ
кܶѹҲĻʳ֮ЧֻҪ۷ߣЩ˶ڸصפ͸ǲںˣܹղٵÿģѾˡ
˵ǳƷӶԴˣЩǾҳӵܲпܡ
Ϊˣ̶µʱ֮УѾȫȫĹˡ
ʱʿ
֪ƷδȻǲΪƷĻ̣δҲͬ
ԲȡδΪĻʳͳν׼֮һĴڡ
ʿ֮ӿ£ֱӿʼΧɱЩϮĸ֡
֮ԵǣЩϮĸֱ֣һָεѵĸоûѪ֧֣Ǹûа취ԿƷ
ֻƷһ˸߸߷ڰ֮Уһ㸩ǣָо·һͷ·Զŵ޶һ
Щ˱ں֮ڣӸۼѪ챻ɱĵһʱ䣬Ϳʼĳ˷Ӵܶȥ
Ǵʱﻹܹӵóȥؾ˰֮Уγɾ޴ľ󣬽ŰΧС
˵֮ǰǳĻôڵȫ෴ˣǱֱӰΧУΧɱ˿
ûǬĸֵĴڣǸûгӪɹĿԡ
ϾؾôʱĲѾ̥ǣ͵ȫͬˡ
ھϷıӰֱӳ֣ÿһλ궼ֱӴ߼龳ֵ
ʱĿ£˿
ûãЩ־ͱؾ¾ʧ룬ֻҪߵǸûа취Ա̩ؾʲôһЩҪԽ˾ʿûκΰ취
ֻѰٽ𵤾ߣЩֻ֣Ƭ֮ͻᱻնɱ
ڣȴǵĴ
һĻԶԭ̩нЩҲǱĲ룬˽һսﻹףֻ´ӽ󣬱̩нǳƷĵˡ
ûκһǰ㷭̵Ŀˡ
Щ˼Ҳܿ˳Ʒһָ
ӽ󣬳Ʒڱ̩еĻǾ൱ʥּһ㣬˻оޱȵĻֱȫ˼ģڱ̩ıСУȻһǬĸ֡
Ҫּ֪ĸ֣ڴĻʳ֮УҲƵǸּĴڡ
κһ֮У
ôģı䲻Ľ֣һӵʱ䣬Ӫϰٸ֣ͱɱˡ
ؾһȻˣȴûȥܺõıǡ
ƷĿŰǰؾһ֧ؾһѪս֮󣬲һЩӡ
ҪΪľǿɲǹֻʵǿͶѡ
Ҫм޷սʤǿУҲһӵľ
˲Ǿ
һս֮󣬱̩ǵؾѾһЩͷ
Ļ̣ʱֻҪԱ̩ؾΪǼ䣬һ֧
ɨսӪ
Ʒһ£ЩӿʼСӼʼɨսЩǿߵʬȻҲǷǳԴĿǰĳƷ˵ֻǬѪܹĿץɽͼĿռ֮У
Ļȳƴˣǿ̩ؾʵ
ƷɽͼĿռ֮Уҩɽϣɳΰ֦֮ϣҲ𽥳졣
ȵһö죬ƷΪضٽһ
һսĽҲһΪ˵ٶɢֱɢ̩С
һʱ䣬һӵնɱǬֵؾУξǱ̩жû澰ˡ
һʱ䣬ԭЩӿı̩еҲһҹ֮ʧӰ٣·ЩԭԳƷ֮˶ѹһ
˵һҹ֮䣬ǿƵĳƷƿ̩ǡ
ȻʱһԱĵֱ͵ؾӪ֮С


1761 򼶱սҲݺ
ؾӪ˧֮С
Ʒ֮ϣһԱĵողԱʹ֮˸żĹâ
ִȳ¶˼ַ߷߲ƽ飬ֱǺͿˣ˵߲ӲɨսģǲҪȥô
ƷĮΪһǵ̩ؾȥɨսġ
Ϊ˷ֹǿ󣬴Ļʳÿһʱܻչƺƴɨж
Ϊе壬֮ء
ÿ꣬ͻһεĴɨ֮Уɨ֮һ岿
һ˵ǷǳһжĻʳһЩ̶ģֹܵ壬壬ҵĴ֮⣬оҪȥ
ɴ˿ɼĻʳĹκ֪Ҫǿٱֱǧٱ㡣
κ˸ûа취ԸֻǱҲǼԿ
ǴĻʳȫͬĻʳԷǿƵɨ
Ҫ֪ͳͳ붼ǽ𵤾ϵĸֻĴ˳ĵԴǾһԴ
ʼḻҲ֯ľӣƵʮˣҪƲ
ǱˮҲΪˣֻڴĻʳ֮вֱĸ֧˴Ļʳǿʢ
Ʒһ˿ȻͬĻʳɨȴֲȵƣֱӻӾɱôĿҲͺˡ
˹̶һЩ֮⣬Ҫľ֣
㣬ϡ棬ƷҲĴ󽫣Ȼ׸߲뷨
Ҫ˴ĵԴֱ֣£ȴȴ򣬾ðɨ֮ͻ᳷ˣûսĿģϾ˲ơ
һ˵ֻһ߲ӲŻᱻȥμɨǶ߲ӣǸڵطĲѹķΧ
Щάһƽ´࣬ҪǼ뵽̶ֳȵİսǾѰ·ˡ
ѰؾиʮҲᱻǬĸ׾ٵɱ⣬޻֮
ΪˣԱһ͸¶һֹŹ֡
ƷҲ֣ΪЩûȷ֤ݣҲµóǺǬԪйϵ
ĳҲ٣ӰģǬԪ˭
УҪǳֻĵ
ȳƶʱƵ˵µʱ䣬ʱҲѾ϶Ϊ˾ӢӣٷϵݾǽڳƷĸУξ
ƶ˵ǸУξҲʸ
Ʒȴ˰֣ûõģһ£ǵɽ𺣣ҲϣĻΥΥʲô³ѵ֪ô
ȳƶʱһͣȻΥһʲô³Ҫ֪Ʒ֮ǰؾеĶõľΥɡ
ھУΥڴĹνİն֮˵Ҳ˵ϰֻҪˣ·һ
ⱾǳƷ켺ֶΣڷ־ͱǬԪ˳
ǹٴһѹˣǳƷҲ´󹦣򣬲пܶԿǬԪЩСֶΡ
Ҳ꣬ôòʺ磬ûоЩؾʲôʱܹɳΪһ֧ľ񣬼ȻܲǾϣƷ˵
ƷҲ£ȻһʮͻȻĿǰʵҲǬԪЩСֶΡ
Ǭĸֶնɱּս֮Уݺᡣ
ƫƫֻǶ龳ľ磬Ϊ̫ԻˣѰǬһãһɱпܡ
ؾѾ̥ˣһ߾Ҳʲôµģ
ȳƶʱҲȻӦڵؾڵⶼȫһˣĻʳһ߾Ҳֻǿ
гƷĸ򣬾һ߾Ҳûôݳޣһ˵СӣȻһǬĸ
ֱǳˡ
ȻҪսҲûʲôµģҾ⻹ǿȡĵط
ȳ˵ţҲмּ
СĻҪСģּս֮УҵȻҪԱΪҪ񣡡
Ʒ˵ɻԴΪؾԺˣ򼶱ĴսǬĸҲԱ֮ս


1762 սƽ
ȥ׼ʮ֮󣬸ϸս
Ʒһ£ؾ¶ʼ׼
ϢҲ˱̩С
˶۷׷ףܹ˿в٣ȻǲʲôڸƷ鷳Ҳף̩ؾ߲Ӷǰˡ
Բ򵥣
ֵ˱߽ߣҲˣƫƫǴĻʳɨȻҪطӵĵز
߲ӣڴĻʳľ֮УѺ;ʸûС
վҲֻ˽һ£⿪ڣ֮ǰƷŸոս𣬸ǵ˵ǰ¾һǬĸ֣鶼ǽǰ顣
ôȥҳƷĻ
ַ׷֮УʮʱҴʶ
ʮ֮󣬺ļڣ̩ؾ̤ǰս̡
һһҹо֮󣬱̩ǵؾѾӽսı߾ˡ
Ȼͱֱ̩СȫͬԶԶһһĴڨڵƽߵҲսĵط
֮еʮɽʮɽ֮УҲ֪жٶ赲ǰĲ
ôɨҲֻɨʮɽıԵ
壬ʮɽ԰ܹĵطжٿµǱУֱ޷
Ʒű̩ؾԶԶȥȴޱȲӵϢ
ʮɽ·һͷǱŵ̫ʱһһ֣ʱɱĴ
óƷ˷ġ硷жʮɽļأУʮɽңԶǰѾˣڣдţʮɽ̫䣬һλȥ֮ݻġ
óƷǣڵʵļ֮ҲҵƵļأڵӦԶʱڣʮɽڵʱƺԶʱڻҪԶ
˵Ļʮɽ˲ˡ
漴ƷЩ˦Ժ֮Уһӷſ˫ԶԶľܹǿϢ᳤գǿߵľΪ̫ʵֱӹᴩ˳գͬһµһ
ЩϢ飬޾ԶԶģսϵķơ
ǳƷоޱȵ𾪣Ȼ֪Ļʳıɽһǡ
ֲʵפһ֧ӵֻ¶ܺɨ
ƷԼҲòϣ˵Щһ߾񣬾ı̩ؾҲһ֮ɨƽ
ź˵ĴɱҲûãٽ𵤾ĸֱ֣޵еĴڡ
˵л龳Ĵڣ龳Ĵڣĺ˵ܹ˵ĵ龳Ķ࣬Ǵĺ˵п龳Ӧʱһٺɱ
Ǭĸֵʱ򣬳Ʒֻº˵ѾȫʧȥãѶЩǬĸʲôв
ԶԶģƷһ޴ޱȵĳǳشȺɽ֮УҲǴĻʳʮɽ֮еĴӪƽǣһǧ˼ľͳǳء
У֪פ˶ٸ֣һǿϢڱγգʲôֶ̽ΣЩϢ֮£ͳͳʧȥá
ֶ֮̽ΣոտͻᱻǿѪֱ
Щ֮⣬һƽлפŶʮľӡ
ʮľӿƲ࣬Ķ龳ϵĴڣʮľӾͼΪˡ
˵˵۶Ľ֮⣬ѾǴĻʳΪµľ֮һˡ
ֻʮĲӣͱȵϰĴ
նɱѰ岿ӣֱǿвһĿֲڡ
Щ类֮Ϊţһ龳֣ֻѰʿѡ
Ȼ֮ǰܶĵ飬ˣóƷһֵһĸо
ֻһ֧ӣ赲סķˣε赲ʮɽ֮УдĻʳص̫ƽʢ
ǿͬ壬Ҳֻа͸Ļʳ޷Դƽǵķء
ʵƽǵλ̫ˣʮɽĳڴΪ˴Ҳ֪ͷ­ѪڽսƵǸ
ܿ죬и̽ӵҹǰȷݣȷ˱̩ؾ֮ȻеΪʲôطǰǻǺܿ췵شӪ档
ܿǰƷǰսϵľӪС


1763 ıϣ޾
ɽҰ˵פһطˣǵ޾Ӫͬһһ㡣
һδĻʳֱȷʵ󣬰񲿶ʮɽ̩ɽѹҲΪ
̩ؾΪΨһһ֧ǰӣ˵ӪʴȻҲòĶȥԱ߾Ӫ
ƷҲ⣡
˲֮󣬳ƷֱӳӪʣ˸߿֮ϣսʱս֮ϣѾǷ졣
սҲȮ
ĻʳľҲףԼֻɨһЩĲ䣬ʮǱ˾ð˴ƽٶҲ졣
ս֮ϣһ֧һ֧ĲɱǿޱȵҲսݺᡣ
óƷоЩ۽ǣЩ޽оݣһ֧֧һʮ˵á
˵Щ޾Ͷһ֧֧ľӣֻǲΰˡ
Щ޾ŵĺ棬һε֡
δ֣ĿǰΪֹĻʳֻ֣໥̽սδ
ͬʱ಻ĴĻʳӪĴ
һɫ׵ǬԪ̫ʦϣ棬ѾмӰۼ˹ЩͬһףǸ϶żϢ
үѾõϢǳƷѾ챦̩ؾˣ
һ˿˵
ǬԪһֳֻ°ͣһָֻнô̫ʦεķ֮ϡ
Ʒ־ȻûȻʧˣ
˳Ծ˵ڸոյõϢʱ򣬼ȫţȻǸոռûжãȴҲǻʵǬĸ֣ȻƷɱ
ʵ鱨֧֣Ǽ֮Ϊ֮
ǶڳƷʵҲо𾪡
Ȼ֪Ǹôģǿүǹ֣Ʒɱǹĵӣ±ضҪ֮أ
ʱһ׵˵֮ɱ⣬͹һǹĵӣƽʱϵͶǬԪ£ֱӵĹϵ
ԭǱȥһܼ򵥵һ龳ѣʲôѶȡ
˭ֵ֪һС¾Ȼùꪳɳ
УϣڴĻʳľб˿ˣϾͻǣүϣ
Ͼ˷˵
Գ֣ǹһʦ壬Ϊȣչض꣬˶ΪѾˣ֪ţѾϢڸ·ϣʱʦ֣ƷǼڽӣ
ʱҧгݵ˵
ǰȻţ粻ʢѾôʱ˾һ˵ȻҲ֪ȵġǿƵǬĸ֣Ʒڽӣ
˵Ŀ׷׿ǬԪ˶ͷ­棬ǶǸ߸ϵһ֣ʵǿ󣬵ǬԪʱǶֻܹģ˿
֮ǬԪ˵ϣͽˣҪδɨϾͻǰƽǲμ̫ξٿɨ飬һ˽ΪյĵطȻãȻˣʦ֣
ҪͷֻҪʦõҿʹһöٵʮ꣬Ҫʧ
ǬԪĻ˧֮˵ĺЩˣҹУΪ˻ǿ֮⣬ǰҲǵ׷
ˣȻоʱ䲻ãȻʮ꣬ǵ˵㳤˵ʮ֮ǾͻƣҲһ
˵˶Ϊ˵ϼһˣʮ
̩ؾӪԶԶһսӪ֮С
̩Уξڣ
Ʒԣ֮Ϸ
ҾǱ̩Уξ
̩ؾǰȷ棬̽ΣӰһնɱ
Ǵ֮󣬵תͷǰ𴦴
ȻǬԪֱʣȻ߲ȥ̽ӣ˽ãն񣬼ֱɶ񣡡
ȳƶݺݵ˵ǬԪ֮ն񣬼ֱ˾֪һȥȷ̽ӵģ϶Ǿеľ
Ȼ˵о̽Ȼһ
ȷԶĻʳĴҲ⵽⣬ʱʲôԤϣһȷҲʧġ
޷ҪѵԸɣ
Ʒ


1764 Ǭ
ӭųĺ磬̩ؾΣСӵĵδκ˵ע⡣
ܿͿս֮У׼ȷ˵Ӧ˵ƽǺƽǸ಻ľӪ֮⣬ϳʮɽķͳͳս
ս֮ϣݺᡣ
޶СɽһӰս֮ݺᡣ
̩ؾոտսʱһЩ޵ע⡣
Ƭ֮䣬ѾΧϰޡ
ϰޣѩɽͷ֩ڷڡ硷мصǿޡ
ּͨޣ·һ
󣡡
ȳƴһʼ֯γɾԿЩɱޡ
ɣ
ȳʿ䣬ֱӰεضһѳֱӺ˳ȥֱӴ̳һ˵Ӱһ㣬ֱӽһͷ޴˵ϡ
ΪȻԶƷǶ龳ﶼԳƵһˡ
Ʒ룬˿˫ֱ磬ǰһĻ
ּս֡
ҪЩĥ̩ؾ
̩ؾʵȻƷԵҩˣսȴԶԶ㡣
ھľ֮ϾȶƽʱЧʱɡ
Ʒܹ̩ؾʿ𽥵۶ɣԭؾľӪγɵľꡣ
ھӪ֮нʿľ꣬۳ʵ壬棬Ҫ۳ѶȣԭҪ߳ö౶
ڣ꿪ʼ۶ɡ
ϰޣ㹻Ͷһֻ֧˵ı̩ؾв
ƷЩޣֵûУĥ̩ؾ
һ֧ӹˣ
أԶһ޴һ޴ͬСɽӰֱӸ˹
һȫ¶ʯͷɵʯɱ˹磬һȭ͵
䣡
һȭֱγɵľ꣬Ҫոճ͵ľҳɷ顣
ۣ
ۣ
ۣ
ʿһѪ˳ˣھҵҡ֮С
Щϰ޶ھɵвûһʯɵвҪء
ãǬޣ
ȳƵͷӦ˹æһ
ƣ
һֻʯԣϱʮϢֱٶȺ˹
һٶֱӾͿԽ󶼸ƿ
һֻʯʵǳǿᣬѰǬֻҪ£һʯͷνǵǹ룬Ϊ¡
ʱ򣬳ƷҲˣμһζ֮䣬Ѿһͷʯǰ
ֳƷһȭ˳ȥ
ҶԺ䣬ƾ㣿ʯһֱһȭɲǼ䣬־ͷ˳ʯͷ˿ҪضȾһƬʯ硣
һͷʯӵзǳߵǻۣѷɫһ࣬ʩչʽҲʩչģи̺С
䣡
һ޴ĺƷֱһȭʯǼԼȭͷײһ
ɲǼ䣬һͷʯֱӾͱײ˳ȥǿֲͷųһ񳱣˷ɢ
Ʒ˿ƾٶ½ǲϵ趯
ܣ
һͷʯȫţʵԼǳǿᣬǾҪߵߣҪɳȥҲǲܵġ
һǿޱȵΪıϡ
Ȼ˶֣ȻƷκһ඼ҪѲĶˡ
ʣ֮һЩˣû뵽ȻҸˣҽˣһҩ
һͷʯ޴۾֮бһϢһٶֱӺ˹ֱһȭ
ʯֱӽضһƬʯĹȡ
ɲǼ䣬սˡ
ս֮ϣޣǱ̩ؾʿһɿֲѹƣá
ʱΪǬֵʵȫͷ˳
ң͵ÿûôõˣ
ƷЦһֱһȭ
˲ȭ
Ʒһȭ˵ֲӰ۽ȭ֮У˲ֱѹľ޴ȭͷ
أ
ĿɿڴһĻˣȴʯֱ۶˺˿ʯը˿
ǿʯ˿ǣƷֱһȭһֱۡ
ôܣ
ʯ۵죬ڣ֮¶˼־ֵ顣
ʱɲǼ䣬̤һ糯ԶߣֱӹգҪߡ


1765 նʯڼ
ߣƷЦһʯǰҪߣɾǰŪˣֱЦ
Ʒ²ȳһ⣬ɲǼ䣬Ѿ׷һͷʯ
һͷʯٶȺܿ죬ΪǬٶȻĶȥ
Ʒٶȸ죬Ƭ֮䣬Ѿ׷һͷǬʯ
ƷȻ׷˹ʯһ࣬Ҫ̫
̫ƾ㣿ƷЦһԸһͷʯ˵Ҳ̸ʲô̫
һͷʯŭһֻ֣һȭᴩ˳գֱӳųƷɨ
ֲȭʯĿ񳱣ֱǵصĳųƷɨ
ƷǿҲһӺɨɲǼ䣬ͽЩʯһɶֱʧĸɸɾ
Ȫ̤
Ʒһһż̤ȥɲǼ䣬ֱ䵽һͷʯϡ
أ
һͷʯĹƷһż̤ķ飬Ȼ屻ֱӲС

һͷʯҽһ޴Сɽһݺ䵽˵ϣڵֱҳһ޴Ŀն
ڲǧɵĳˡ
һͷʯͼҪǺֱܿſȥҲؿڱƷһż̤ķ顣
һ˵ʵֻƬ֮ѡ
һͷǿǬʯ˳ƷУһʱ䣬νս
Щɱ޿һĻûǵУһͷʯֱǲƥеĴڡ
ͬΪǬĸ֣ҪܣɱһͷʯǷǳѵġ
ϾʯǿͨΪӲʯͷɵģѰĹ䵽ϣֱëë꣬ûа취ʯ
˳ƷɴĽһͷʯﻹ˿ͣæҪߡ
Ǵʱʿǵı̩ؾʿϷŹǣ׵ľ
Ʒʯ޴صս֮ϣֱʩչһСͨһͷҪСѰ˲ĴС
ҲһּΪ֮ͨͨеһֻ֣һЩŵĺĴ˲ܹõڡ
ڳƷ˵Ȼûκģʼս֮омͨ
ͨںֻͨҪŬɾͣЩͨѪ츳еͨ˸޷ѧϰ
Уξ䣡
ȳƺһ̩ؾʿǣͷϵľ۶ɵӰҲʵϵնɱЩƽʱܻвޡ
ʱĽɱ֮󣬱̩ؾ²ŽЩնɱɾƷûв֣ȫЩ̩ؾԽɾ֮նɱЩޡ
ʮ˲Ԯ
ѪսĶһֻ֧˵ССľӡ
֧¾һ̥ǵı仯˾ӵӰӣԭǰ㣬ֻǲĺܺõľӶѡ
ϵɱΪŨҲǳΪӵĿʼ
Щնɱɾ֮ЩʿǶʼһԵĴɨսЩնɱ޵ʬǼõĲϣȻ龳ڳƷ˵ʲôǶЩͨ˵ȴǷǳˡ
Ҫ¼սҲҪ¹ؼλܹ㵽ʱͳơ
϶¶˼εЦݣһսǼְλû취ȥǹֻǾλܹһ㡣
ĻʳǲСģУնɱһ龳޶ǷǳĹ͡
˵СҪܵαȽѣⲢûкô෴ģǻõһЩͼľλĽЩλֺܹܵôԴĻʳĽ
ֱ˵ջ޴ÿһλѶȡ
ⲢǴĻʳľλûã෴ģĻʳľλҪķǳѣЩޱ̩ؾɾܿͱɱɾ
ȻǶףĹؼڳƷ
ΪƷ֮ǰǲƳɱ֮ԳնɱʵǿһͷǬʯ
һľӵĻЩǿޣֻһȫû³òѪսѣҲ˲أӵü˵
˵ֻǸʮͽЩնɱɾˡ
˵ֱһȻʮۣͬȻҲףս
ʦ֣ϲ
ȳƴɨս֮æܵƷǰ龪ϲ˵
Ǭޣټ֮ǰһͷѪֻҪսȥʦ֣ǰ϶ˣ


1766 ǹϮ
ȳʮּ֮ǰǬѪڳƷѾǬˡ
ڴĻʳ˵ĵȻǾĹٵĵ·̶ܴϣҪ
кǿܹõطҪԳЧҲҪһʱ䡣
Ǵ̵ĻһսǶǷǳ򵥵顣
ȻʵҪҲǷǳߵġ
ѰʿսϾรѰľսҲòĶȥǴﵽǬӵսݺʵԿǽս
ǼˣҪƷɱǬǿɲס
ϾǬĸǳǿᣬвԣҲɱΧҪΧĸ֣ԴŰΧסеѶҲǷǳߵġ
ΪˣԵóƷ˼ֱǹһ
ڴĻʳľ֮УУξ֮ϾǶξξ֮ϲǽڳƷɱǬһϱֻҪȷսϾֱγΪ
ǲ˴Ļʳ֮еи߲㣬Уξľٶֻǻٶѣͬն
ǬǷǳɱģɱһͷǶǾ޴ս
Ʒ˵ͷҲ֮ǰûнնɱǬѪϱȥԭݾߣһսȥȱȷսͿֱӱγΪ
Ȼֻ͵ȼӺŽˣҲǽ˴Ļʳ֮еи߲㣬Ѿֱ̫ξľ٣ǱѸ浽ֲεľٵĵ
ǸʱǬԪҪԼӰƷսǸܵġ
̫ξɲͬڱĻʳµĺȨнϵľ٣ͳͳҪ̫ξֱ쵼
̫ξ̫ξλ֮һǴĻʳȨƵ֮һ̫ξµ֪ж٣ǬԪֶΣҲ̫ܹӰ̫ξж
ǳƷĿġ
ˣȻҲٲ˴ҵĺôʱ̫ξܿ齨¾Ǹʱͳͳ¾ľ٣ƷҲǺĵ˵
ȳʮּƷ˽ڳƷ£ҲܹΪһξǿλȨصĴˡ
̩ؾˣҲ׷¶˷ܵ飬ֻײͨʿδҲлΪ٣ƽײ㣬˵ҲǼõᡣ
ԸΪЧ
˰
أƷʯͷ­ȳƣԸ˵㽫ʯͷȥҵľϱ
ǣȳ˳Ƹı˶ԳƷĳƺЩֵĿųƷ
Ҫ뿪սһʱ䣬ϴפأ֮󲻹˭սһɶҾܾǾ˵أҪʱնɱһͷʯĹѹӦû˸ǿеǣƷ˵նɱһͷʯĹʹף̩ؾ˳µĲսˡ
ϾԱ̩ؾߵĲ˵ܹնɱһͷǬޣѾǾ׵ˡ
˵أҲ˵ùȥġ
ǿе̩ؾ˳ǬԪ˭أֻҪǬԪץѱһоͶν
ŵ
ȳȻ֪ƷǺ«ʲôҩǻӦŵ
Ʒ˵ͷֱӽ²ȳһݹ⣬ʧԶ
ؾӪ
ȳһ֣شӪһսջ񼫶̩࣬ؾҲҪʱһʱá
ͷһ֦뿪˱̩ؾ֮󣬳ƷӿٶȳԶȥ
أǰһӰ
Ʒһһӵµߣһͷһǹһߡ
Ʒ΢΢Щڣ֮УһǷǳǵģǱǿߡ
һˣѰ߲ͬǽԿǶԼĥƽĥںٻ
϶һֱ״̬ס˼ɽ֮С
һˣҲǷǳǵģ֮ͬУĪǿ޵˵
ͬĸ֮УҲеٮٮߣЩ˳Ծͷȴƽڴ̣֮Ҳǳġ
ǹᣡ
Ʒ³֣ΪڹĳǹϿͬı־ǹı־
ʣ߾ǹ֮еһߣȻ߲ƣĿҲǳԣֻҲΪ˹֮¶


1767 һն
㻹ϵǹᣡ
߻˵
ղҿʹնɱǸʯûв֣ǧ򲻸ãɱ˹ʦֶڽӣ
ȻҲϲǳޣԿƷնɱʯҲδϮɱҪȵƷҪնɱ֮³
ǶԼžԵģʵԿһͲҪϮɱ
ȻΪ˹ΪǬԪɱңȻҵǱˣƷص˵
߸ѹͬ죬˵֮ǰκһˣǬԪ֮⣬ǿ
ΪǬԪʵ̫Զˣ˵ǬԪĸоɲ⣬Ϊ֪ǬԪʵΣֻܹо̩ͬɽѹһѹ
߲ͬΪƷȻɲȫգѾܹǿȲǬԪ
Ҳ֣ǬԪųƴĻʳѵһľţССͱѾµţųƴĻʳһһ֡
ˣȻһ˶ܹƥеġ
߼㲻ǬԪȴҲΪµĴڣѪħǶǴġ
ˣ˵Ϸôδ˵˵ô˵ĻҵǱҲˣ
ȿƷ֮˼ɱ⣬ȻǿߣԾҵʹ̼ĥԼ飬ԴﵽѵĿģȴǬԪļǳĶ
һöܹʮٵ֪жôֻڴĻʳ֮УҲǷǳġ
˵ʲôҪҪľ㹻һﵽѵľ硣
ɱңֻûôףҲ˵ɱңҲҵƷЦһ˵
ṫãһṫȵ϶ʱһɿֲɱ⣬ǹ֮õĺ󱲣δԽЩϼһǹᷢ˭֪δɳͱƷնɱ
ܲޣ
˵Ŀȴɨңս
ϾɲʲôȫĵطսʱضͻȻðһֲֻĴΪҲ˵սϣǾ԰ȫġ
ղĲߣǲϷɱ¾ǣϧˣǶɣһܣҪᣡĮĿųƷ˵
ѾƷղͻȻȳƴشӪĿģȻֻηѡ
ϸֳһͭףϷ·˲һһΪսΪµޡ
ǹ᱾սϷܷչţǵѧٺսݺ֮йϵ
սϣ˻ģǶ˵ֱˮ
ս֪Ѫս˶֪꣬˫ٸ֣Թ۲ɢеĵطǿԹڱ񷣬γһƬΪֲء
ЩԹսϵɱȴȵĸӿֲˡ
ƷȷϣȵʵֻδصǬԪҪط˵ֱˮ֮ء
С
Ȼ䣬һǹֱӴ̳һµİ׺磬׺һ˲ݻʱ򣬼ֱΧĿռͳͳһ㡣
£
һȣһľѧ˳ȻƷȴҲ֪ʲôʨӲȫ

һǽײһû뵽ǣֲһǹȻûܹһӶƷǺ«෴ģڳƷͷϣֱӸֳһҩ
ղǿµһǹǱҩ赲
ҲֲȥҩʲôͷȻܹסȫһͬΪǬĸ֣ҲᱻһǹŶԡ
ȻƷķӰΣɲǼ䣬ˡ
ȣڣ
ƷХһһֲĽб˳
һֲĽ˲˳գͬһ˰֮еƥһ˲䣬ֱɨ˰֮Уи롣
أ
ϵͭױУһ˲ͱķ飬ʣĽѸײڶ֮ƣһ
ͣ
ȵɴ۾ųƷֶΣֻһѣͽ˲䶴
ȣ


1768 󷢺ƣݷȴ
һնɱƷ鲻䣬ֻЩϧ
еĽҲܹٷһ
Ŀǰѹ׵ֶΣȵʵ̫ǿ統յǬԪҲ˶٣ƷҲ᲻òʹóˡ
ȻȻȵʵ͵ǬԪ࣬˫вȫͬģϾȵеزѾͷˣǬԪ˵֮·Ÿոտʼ
һӣͬµϦһӢ˲ͬĽȻͬն
͵ȣƷڣǿ˼ʮֱ˼α
߾ȫϰ㣬ҲشǬԪѣʩչ˽֮һȴܹնɱ
ΪǬԪĲֱβƶȻȵĲ࣬ȴѾڿķΧ֮ˡ
ϧˣɱȲܱȻ㹻һþλˣ
Ʒ΢΢ЩźͽЩźȵʬʬɾѪ֮С
ţƷһɽͼĿռ֮У̵һεջһǬȹǬ
һ˼õ˱˵ǬҲûа취򿪣ǳƷȻһˣڻʼսҲмǿƿ˵Ǭİ취
һӵʱ䣬ƷѾǬ֮еĽơ
ʱǰһȲһǬԪȼĶֲ֣ƸĲӡ
Ʒʯǧ֮࣬⼸𵱳Ʒ̩Ǹ𳭼֮ûҪˡ
һȫ˳ƷƷʯĲˣóƷᵽһҹĸо
ЩƷʯ֮⣬ƽʱѼĸĵرҩĵȵȣԼҲǧƷʯ֮ϡ
ҺЩ̩иѼĵرҩĲͬЩƷϣѼģǼǬ֮УǷǳĵر
лһΪɷԴĵرóƷǰһΪֵɷԴǬʹñҪһֲϡ
ÿǬĸֵıвͬڵɷԴĻӽ˲ͬĵرŲı仯ףɷԴһеĻ
ԽǬĸʹõķȻǱҲȻҪĵɷԴ
ÿһɷԴļ۸ҪʮƷʯǬ֮УٿƷʯļֵǡ
ƷƣѼԼıǹƷʹõģδܹһԽǬɵó
ͳͳ˳Ʒˡ
Щҩ֮УƷϲķ˼ת𵤵ҩġ
֮ǰƷùһת𵤣ת𵤣ȴһֱûҵƳת𵤵ҩġ
Ϊת𵤵ҩĵ̶ȸһת𵤣תܱȵġ
ҲǳƷΪϲĵطлһζҩֻѰ˲֪书ЧҲӲܰˡ
뵽Ʒɵϲ⣬Ϊת𵤺ѰҩĲܹͬΪһҪǣܹڶʱڣսһ۷״̬
仰˵˹ؼʱ̣ԼƷʵΪһŵơ
Ʒ⣬ھͿԺúù滮һת𵤵飬Ŀǰ˵ʵ̫ҪˣȻûʱȥѰң򱦸ֻҪ㹻Ǯ򲻵ô
ƷʱͻȻףΪʲôĻʳУ򱦸ܹչزˣҲûеģΪ̫Ҫ򱦸ԼȥѼԭҪķѴʱ侫ܹҵĵرˡ
Щ֮⣬ƷлǹѧΪԸʵǿȸһ㶼ʹֵķǬУͳͳ˳Ʒ
ڳƷ˵ȻЩѧǹῴѾעҪΪĵˣ֪֪˰սʤȻûɷŹ
ҳƷԺ֮лļƻȷȿ϶ǱǬԪģȴֻһ֪
˿϶ǲŵģĻЩȥԽȵȥ
ڳƷԱߣȵһǹҲڲϵͷųâͼƷķӡû˵֧֣ܹ˳Ʒ
ûãâѾ׳ţ׵׵ıƷĨȥȵӡǣӡӡС
Ʒŷ֣ȵıǹһĶɽ֪϶٣ȻǱԲһϵĴڡ
һǹ֮󣬳ƷͿʼĲǹѧͬʱҲھȴ졣


1769 龳۷
죬ʱܹŶ
ɽͼĿռ֮УƷβϵĻζɲǼ䣬еһǹ֡
һǹǴõģΪǹǹ֮
ϧиӳ˳Ʒˣ˵ΪһǬˡ
Хǹ
Ʒһǹɨǹջһֻ޴ޱȵͻ͵һſѪڣɲǼ䣬£񷶼𶯡
һ˲䣬ƷеǹԸٶɨһ˲䣬ǹâһ᳤ա
־ֱ˳һһֻ˳ƷΧ
ǹĸֿһĻ϶۾Ҫˡ
һ׻ХǹǹɾѧֻʵﵽǬϵľֲʸһ׻Хǹ
ڳƷʩչĻХǹѾﵽ˴Բľ硣
Ƕ̶ѣƷѾХǹˣѧһ׻ХǹҲ̸ʲôѶȣǶ̶ʱ䣬ǹ߾ѧѾ׽˳ܿˡ
Ѷȣ
ǹƷʵ
ʱ䣬Ʒ粽룬ǲͣɽͼ֮Хǹ⻢ХǹҲɡ
ȥʩչһ׻ХǹðǹĵӣѶȣЩѰＸѧѧ˵練ơ
һӱҩɽˣΪǿн죬ƷķƷʯдϻõǧƷʯ֧ţҲ
˵ʹ
֮ϣԼĪȭͷС֦֮ϣ޵ɫΣͬö޴ĺ챦ʯһ
Ʒժһöʱ˱ǶóƷֻоȫµë׶Ҫžҵſˡ
Ʒæһö̷˿УɲǼ䣬һöֱӻһֱɢ֫ٺ֮Уܿ죬ͳͳ˳Ʒ
һĴ֮£Ʒڵķھ֮УÿתһȦƷܹоʵܹһ֣ʮ־ˡ
һö̺֮ǰδеǿ󣬲֪˶ƷʯкüǬֵľѪγɵġ
һʱ䣬ƷҲϵһڣ۾һХϵķϯ
̶̵ֻһѣʹԭոտ붴龳ڣѾﵽ˶龳۷壬·֮Ѿʮʱ䣬ͽһйĥԲޱȣ˴Բ
ҲֻѣѰˣͱһűˣܹǿ֧Ҫ볹֪Ҫһʱ䡣
ΨгƷһתһЩܹͬһ
һƷֻûԶԶڵγɵŲһС֣һ󲿷ֻδա
óᣬֱͻƵ龳ãǸʱҵսҲһ츲صı仯
Ʒ۾¿ʼ˶龳ڵľΪһɷ糱ˮһ㣬ϵϯϳųƷľϡ
ʮʱȥƷڵķƺҲĥĲˣڳƷ龳ڵǰƺҪֲסʱأڵķͬȪӿһ㣬ӿ˳ķһӾͻ˶龳ڵľϡ
䣡
Ʒķͻ˾֮󣬾ͬԾ죬һе
Ʒʯ׷׻Ϊ촷ֱۣӿƷ֮С
ЩƷʯ֮еͳͳΪƷգķܹԴԴڱ龳ڵ
ֹ죬Ʒͣ۾һͻƲνࡣ
ֱӴӶ龳ͻƵ˶龳۷壬ֻսϵֹ
ƷʵѾǳǿˣһ֪֮࣬սᱬըεȾ˵ĵز
һӾʹĻѰ˵ǲʲô£ΪƿһǶڳƷ˵⡣
ŵʵļ䣬ټĳǿ龳ľ˵ûκܣ˵ҪԶԶĿǰΪѾʼһǬܡ
ȻԶǬԪҴģǬⲻǬԪ֮£ֻ֮ϡ


1770 ʮ׶
֮ȫ˵һ䣬Щ
ľһֱҪĶˣ˵ʵļ䣬Ʒܶ˶Ҫףоĵĵ
һĸԴͨԴ
ֻǿģǿߡ
ͻ֮󣬳ƷûмУѡȳɽͼĿռ䣬Ҫȥڱ̩ؾˡ
ŸոճɽͼĿռ䣬ȴ֣ԶһĶݹӹգʮɽȥ
ʱЩ֣Ҫ֪Ϊ˶ȣһ·ȴѾȫսʵϣﻹսΧ
ԶƷɿԿڶʿľ۶ľꡣ
ּľǰƷҲҪ˱ᣬǬĸֱԣֻҪһ¾ͻᱻնɱѶȡ
ҳƷֻһݹ⣬ʱʱʮݹӹЩһаħ̤źɫĶݹ⣬һЩĸ֣һͷͷޣ¶壬߻Ϊμ磬ƷõһЩҲ̤Ŷݹ
뵽Ʒʱ΢΢һ;ȥʲô顣
ƷһΣֱӱȵӣֳǹ˰գȴû¶ΣֱӸһˡ
Ʒǵ·ȴڵĵ˭ء
һǬĸ֣ĸ֣֮Ҳ϶洫ӣȴν帹أ֪ǵĿʲô
Ʒһ䣬ں棬ЩȻ֪滹ԶԶһˡ
ʦ㣬ڹȥüô
һڵĵʵ
ǰһۣͷϽڵŮӣڵǬ洫ӣҲЩ˵졣
ϲȥҲҪϹȥһΣϹʮ׶˵Ὺ׵Ķʦַټҵ˭Ҳ
ͷϽڵŮ˵üͷ΢鱾أڵϯԷټԲǧ֮ڵڵȫҪȥ͡
û˿ԾܾϾڵϯӣǾλͬδš
ȻҲ洫ӣǺϯ֮Ĳʵ̫ˡ
˭֪պҲǳ͢ɨʱսķΧ̫ҵΪƿսŲòԶ·Ϲȥ
ͷϽڵŮҲЩƣְĳսҿǿҵѪһ壬ͿҪش
⻹еţаħһ޷⣬սͻᱻǿѪ
ʮ׶Ʒʱ΢΢ЩȻʮ׵Ĵ˵Ȼ֪ģڼ֮еԶʱڣʮҲǿµĴ˵
Դ̫ʱڵĴ˵ǱԶŻҪңԶʱڣЩ˵Уʮ״ʮͷµޣһͷѰ֮ϣѰ߸ʲôϡ顣
ڵǸ֮Уʮ׾ѾͳͳˣϻڵҲʮ׵һЩѪѣ̸ڵʮס
ֻһЩʮ׵ѪҲʮֵ׺֮ͬУѷ֣ȫ̫ʮ׵Ŀ¡
뵽ƷͷѰ飬϶ûʲôȤ̫ʮ׾ȫͬˣһܹõһЩ̫ʮ׵ĴУΪܱ̾ǡ
ʮ׶ȻԶлڵϯӡ
ںͷͬΪʮ֮һܹгΪϯӣӰ洫֮ףǸǴ˽ܡ
˵ȻԺʣǺȻԺϯӣΪɲ⣬һŵŵΪҪʮڲҲ϶Ķ֡
ΪǬĸ֣Ű裬¾ǳаųʲôˣһܲסӶݣΪ䵽˶龳űƷһˡ
ʵǿƷƶһЩϯӵʵ
ĸ֣ҪʹϯӵȨټڵĵǰæ϶ǿĶ֣Ȼˡ
뵽ƷʱЦЦ
е˼һϷʮ׶ĶҲȤڵϯҲֹң
Ʒ֪ǬԪʵȿ£Щˣûа취ѹǬԪ˴Ļʳһһֵͷ
ⶼǴţǬԪδѹʵҲЩˡ
Ҫ￹⣬ͱҪڶʱڣʵͻͽĽ


1771 ̫ڤ
ҪΪȡʱ䣡
ǬԪѾУܽ⿪ԹһսȻս
һֱģһȻҲ洫ӣȴûзϹһ洫ӶĶ֡
Ʒһ·ЩڵĵӣֱʮɽƬ֮䣬ѾԶսս
ԽУԽܹоʮ㣬ѰѾûа취ֵط棬ֻ龳ܹǿ棬Ҳǿѡ
ǰͷϽڵŮӳſ˷Щ龳ڵӷ׷ױУǲڱЩӰ졣
󣬳ƷȴϢܹ˵˵û˿ӡ󣬻ʼսĿʱֵ쾡¡
ֱӽЩȥҲӰ졣
ܿ죬һ޴ģϵɽ˳Ʒǰ
һ಻֪ĹɽԶԶȥȻͬһͷ̫ſѪڳҧ˹
¼ˣһĻ
ɽк˵Ϣͷ·һͷݷһֺ̫ڴˣΪһɽ
ʮɽͬȲʮɽ̶ȸһ
ƷʱЩţ֮ʮ׵ĴеĴ˵ˡ
ڳƷǰӰֵĳڰ֮УЩӰǿ壬ҲаħߣݣĻʳĸ֣ǱܵģղͬӪͷֱվ˲ͬĵط
Щ֮⣬ĿӴɢվΧЩɢûȷӪڴ͵ģĿΪӴ
λǰ֪γƺڳƷΪ֮𺳵ʱһеģЦݵɢųƷ˵
ǹᣬȣ
Ʒ˵ʱʽȵģ
ɢ룬ƺҲû뵽˭ҲȳչأܾǰͱѾˣһߣͲ֪Ⱦ˭
ǹĺպǻ֪ģȻǹ᲻ʮȻȴҲʮ֮µĵһţʵǳǿ
ԭǹǰ
еĵɢ¶˼Ľ飬һɢ޳Ǵﵽһ־׵ΪٶǻĽЩųĸ֡
۾תһȦ֮󣬿˵֪ǰΪʲôģ
ʲôôƷʵ
Ȼģǰǳչأˣ
еĵɢ޼ϾҳΪȷĴ𰸣ȻҲԼû˵һʲô֪¾ʹҴҸϹˡ
ţ
Ʒ˵ͷҲֵᡣ
лһɢޣʮ׶һ֪ıѰҪһЩģ
еĵɢæ˵
֪ǰҪ˽ʲô
ʮ׶˵ʮ׶ʮʮͷޣһףò̫ʮ׵ĶɣƷ˵
ǰ˵Цˣ̫ʮ׵ĶֵõЩѰЩ߸ϵĸ֣Ѿһˣ
лæ˵
Ʒ˵ͷ⵹ģ̫ʮʲôĴڣԶ䣬йһ̫ʮ׵ķĹɱдѣ޹⣬˲ء
˵ʮףʵӦʮ׵ĺᣡл˵ȴʮ֮У̫ڤ˺һ֧˶֪˴ޱ֮أ̫ڤȻ֣ȴҲǷ˲ǣԲŻôˣ
ƷʱȻԭ̫ڤˣʵϣ̫䣬ޣޣħޣΪǿ󣬵У̫ʮ֮ԱгΪʮͷ̶ȿ˸ܱȣÿһֻ֪¾˶飬ؼĽѡ
̫ڤ˱еһֻݴţ̫ڤǷһе֣һ£Ƕо˼֮ݻͨ
һͷ̫ڤȴͬķһ岻Ƕȥޱɱλ̫ʮ֮һ
ЩǳƷӵʼ֪ģʵ̫ʮ׵ҲңԶЩҲֻԼ֪һЩѡ
ݴţһֻ̫ڤ˵ĺᣬȻǴѪᣬȻǷǳǿ󣬵껹ŵʱ򣬱ɽеһԣ֮ͳķĹֻĹ˿ռ֮У֪ȴҲûбֶΣֵһˣлп˵ʵڴ󲿷˵ҵδ̫ڤˣеؼ


1772 
һֻ̫ڤ˵ĺν׺ޱߣŶٹöֱţ伮°ߣɷߣиĵرͳͳ棬˱ǳģл˵
ƷŻȻֻҲûôߵΣֻҪһЩؼһЩĵرҲʮ˲õջˡ
νҪ֪ƽ帹أҵȲֵأڴĻʳдɨ徫֮ţĻһֻأҵȶ·һлЩпȷʵ
ڸۣ֮ĸ֣ȴֱĻʳǣסˣǲ뿪Ļⴺɨʱܱ֮սлٺһЦ
Ʒŵ˵ͷȻЩ߿νո˵ȷʵҲԲЩˡ
Ŀɨ˹ȥǰ飬˵Ҳˣ޾
Щ֮УҲǶ龳ϵĸ֣Ǭĸ֡
ЩǬĸ϶ͷżΪµϢͬһ忪
ƷҲǰզ࣬Ҫ֪Ǭĸ֣ĶһǿˣƷնɱǬĸ̩֮Ǿͳ׹ˣΪûܹԿĳƷ
Ǭĸȴôࡣ
ֻһۿȥЩǬĸ볬ǧһЩ龳ĸֻ֣ҡźСˡ
Ҫ֪龳ڷǶǾӢӣȴСӣɴ˿ɼʮ׶жôˡ
⻹ʹĻʳ໥ǣס˶ֵ£򵽵׻ʲôĴڣ
ƷпһЩ˺ͺĸ֣ͳͳǬĸ֣һڶ
˵Ƶļĸֶ
ҲΨˣܹۼôĸ֡
˵ĲЩ͸ˣ
ƷóһٿƷʯллæл˳ƷϰٿƷʯ龳Ĵ˵ҲһʲСĲƸˡ
ֻǽ˵һ£ܹջȷʵܲˡ
ƷȥЩ֮УмͦεӰ֮ϣǵϢѹһѰǬȣǿ
˲˳ƷĿ⣬һڵĵۣΧΧŲڵĵӣȻҲǸͷϽڵŮǬĸ֡
˵ȻҲǺ֮ϯӣϲ
ƷȻδڡ硷ȴϲļأ֮еľţУ׵ľʹ֮жм¼֮ͬдû֣˳˳ˮľͳΪڵϯӡ
ͬУ޿ƥУ
ϲɢһǹ⣬ֵЩڵĵӶС
˵ĲԶһȺȻЩ˶һ˵Ĵ磬޳üĿ֮伫ΪͷΪǿǵɢһɺȻųһۻ
Щ˵룬һ˸עĿҲ˵װ磬һѳһ£񿡣·ҵĶ˵Ļ˻жӦеӡ
һ֧ɫëʣɢһ⡣
˵ΪҲϲ֮£ʣǵҲǺ֮
µڶţҲΪĻʳţţȻԺ
ǸΪ׵һӵҲӹɣȻԺϯӣʡ
˵ΪǿڳƷδڵǬԪ֮¡
֮⣬Ʒаħһ֮УаħӵһӰһһɫۣϴżаЦݵˡ
ĵĴӵļӵҲѲ²Щ˵ݡ
ħ̣
аħ֮Уħһħ̣¼Ϊ壬ҳݴɱ䡣
Ӿеĵͣ
Щѱ¹ħ̵ĵӶĸԸĳģħϯӣʸ֮⣬Ҳû˭ˡ
ʸҲһһħףаħһһֵͷݴǬԪҲֹʤǬԪҲֻĿȫˡ
ħ̵ĸ֮⣬屾ĸ֣Σ߱޹֮УһµĳŮӰȻ֮ϡ
ϲ£ǳߣһʮƷ˲ݡ


1773 콾棬ʮ׶
ˣÿһɢѹǳƷҲɵò档
ÿһڡ硷Ȿмص콾ϵĴ
ڡ硷ⱾϣƷһ񵥣콾¼һĶֻ֣ͳǰһÿһͬеٮٮߡ
콾񣬲Ƿƶģһصţһֱ֣ȴţģÿһʱ䣬¡
˵ÿһǬ洫ӵŬĿ콾񣬶Ǭ֮£ǲڿǵķΧ֮ڣ붼롣
콾ϵÿһˣΪһϣÿһ˶˵ֻҪ䣬δضƵĴ
ĸˣÿһ콾ǰеĴڣΪ֪һʮ֮ҲͬǴ콾
ֻڴĻʳ֮Զѣ콾ϣͳͳмأÿһ콾Ĵڣһ֮·ͷı˺һᱮ
óƷҲ˼ȤȻܹ¼֮콾ƺЩ콾ָƣƺ˲á
ƺԭеЩϵ׼ȷ˵ݵӦþݱ׽Խ뿪ʧȥϵ
ڳƷ˼׷ɵʱħ̵ϯӻʸ˳ֱʵǰңңָ˵ʣһҪһˣ֮ǰҽ̵Ĺӱش̶䣬ȻֱȴֱӵĸϵһǵҪһ
ʸϹżаȵЦݣϴżֺϢֻһվǶһħĸо
ֻϹżֵȻЦݣɢźȻԿһħȻ󿪿˵޷Ҳ٣ҴĻʳ֪ϣһ̻µ֮ˣҲұɱϵˣһһ죬ûʲôֱ𣡡
˵άһʳȶİһе֮أҽιƽ£кȻԺĵӣƽΪΡ
ƫƫЩаħҹҹԴĻʳںȻԺ˵ֱУκλ͵Ŀԡ
ʵһݱɱɱ˼Ǿˣǳżᶨ
ãããʣ˵úܣ쵹Ǽʶˣ֪ɱ㣬Ժ᲻ţ
ʸֻǹЦһ˵ƸʤˣνħΣĶ棬ɢĺȻȴ˿ѹŻʸħһ
ȻĶаħſƵá
˵Ķż˵ע⣬ֲֿƣֱѹųˣ书ǿߣȻ˵ѹơ
಻Ե㣡
仰˵Ժ֮У
ֶǵĲֱ࣬һǰ⣡
ǿᵽĵز˫˽ܡ
˵ĸǿ˻δֵģϲһʮ
ֻʸѾ˾ˣʣµͬΪ콾ϵǺεȵء
˵ĹϲﾶֱһҪǰ˵սȻҪʣȻ֮ҲоǺףеʮɽأħУ˲໥ֻ»ȫơ
δϵȴһӰǰȴһʮ֪ʲôʱѾס
Цһ֣֮ĶԹ룬Щ˻ǲҪֵΪã
Ҫ赲Ҳɣϲüͷ΢˵
̸赲ҲǺмȤأЦȴû˿ò
ϲ￴ź֪һЩ飬׵ʱαװ࣬ĻʳݣιȻû˿óǸ壬ҲǸʱ֮ͬУȻҲ֣ȴˣֻɽϻӳưѣ
ϲ￴źϺȷʵǸҲͽ˶ˡ
ŶȻˣҾͺֱȻȻ֮â漴ǽЦ
ĹŪˣȴκβңϲﵱ˵
˵Ĺ򣬵ȲʺͻʸѾֱӽ֣˾ֱ˸߿֮ϣһֲսɲǼͱ˿
ϲͺͬʼ֡
ڴʱһ޴ĺʮ׶ˣ


1774 ըԵջ
ʮ׶׵ֱӴˡ
Ȼ˶֪ʮ׶Ȼ򿪣ֻٶȻǳ˵֮⡣
һӣ˶ʼʮ׶ķӶȥֻ⣬ͬǻʡ
ƷҲǽЩ˳֮Уʮ׶
ڽʮ׶һ˲䣬Ʒ͸оһɿֲϢһ˲䱬˳·һͷֲС
ѹֱ֮Щ龳ĸַ׷ɫ䣬ǵΪǶԿһѹѾʮˡ
׷׳ſ˷Χһѹ
˵ǬĸֵľΪǿҲڱһϢӰ̫
ڴʱƷҲͬ΢΢ζЩѹ˲ʧӰˡ
ʮ׶֮󣬳Ʒŷ֣ʮ׶Χһһ޵ĺǣЩеĴСɽһ㣬еҲѰ˵ĴСɢŲѹһֵĸо
붼Ƕ龳ϵΪܶǬǳԽǬ޵ĺ̳أҪǣЩǰȻġ
ǱԵģ˹ͷ˳Ը⣬ʣһеģһͷ̫ڤ˵ĺ֮⣬Ҳûбˡ
ʱոսУ龳ĸ־ͿʼᣬЩȻֻǿ޵ĹͷѣȻҪġ
Щ˵ȻҪջǶ֪ĺöǵĹϵ󣬵ǽֻЩ߽߱ǽǵջ񣬶веĸоˡ
ƷǻȺ֮УǬĸҲв٣ϡ棬ǵǹƥĶҲкֻܶ࣬ǸɢȥԼҪĶˡ
ֶ룬ΪǶף֮ݲѰҡ
ʱԭΪںĻʸʣϲҲһٶȳ˽
˺ԼٶȳԽ˵ǰһ·ų˽ȥԽĿռҲԽԶԶʱ򿴵ĴС
ǿռ磡
ƷϾϳˣ϶Ǵ˿ռ磬ܹγӾ׵Ч
ܿ죬˾˵һĿ赲˵ǰһ˲䣬Ѿɱ֮УǧܼǿǬܣһſǾһ㣬Ϊˡ
Ʒа⣬һͷ̫ڤȷʵΪ£Ȼ̫ܺŵһͷ̫ڤᲢۣңԶǰȴҲһЩǧǬĿܣҪķѲ֪ٵĲƸпɡ
Ǭĸ֣ôǬܣͣס˽Ųǰ
ǻʸһһֱһŽһɱǬ̤ķ顣
һҲҵȥ·
ʸֱͬħһ·УЩǬĿܶԿѰǬʤΣ˻ʸǸ޻֮һƬ֮ͱʸ俪һ·һﳤȥ
ڻʸ󣬺ܿ죬ʺϲҲͬܿ׷ȥ
˵Ϊڻʸ֮£Щô赲סǵĲֱӱ俪һ·˳ȥ
Ͻϣ
֪˭һǧǬĸ·˳棬һΪͬޱȸǬĸ֣Ƭ֮䣬Ѿ˹ȥͨʸ䴩ĳ·ֱӺᴩ˹ȥ
ƷĽȳһâһӳ˳ȥ
ԶԶģʸ˵ѾԽԽСѾ뵽ʮ׶
ƷϷŹֱ׷ȥ
ԱͬٵǬĸ֣ʣµٮٮߣҲǲʾֱӳ˹
ʣµ˾ûôˣֱӾͱ˸赲档
ܿ죬ƷͿ˻ʸۼԶԶľܹһܻ˱ķ飬ڵϣĲ֪ôһͷͷȫʬͷȫʸնɱ
ֱϯ
ѰûпѿԻʸˣϰǬٮٮߣǺɨ赲
Ʒһ·ȥһѼЩܲкЩ޵ʬЩ޵ʬΪЩ޼ǬϵĴڣȻԲ֪ʲôطʵûǬΪȴӵпǬֵ
ǵľѪȴǻʵģ֮࣬Ƭ֮䣬ͱƷʬȫɽͼռеϡ


1775 Ǭ
ôʬͳͳൽϣƷ϶ɵֿЦ
ֱǾ޴ջ񣬶ѰǬĸ˵Щطģ߱Ǭ޵һЩʣֻʤޡ
ǶڳƷ˵ȴǲͬͨͳͳתΪȫȫǿƷ
һöѾȻɱ䣬˱ǡ
ЩܻصʬҲƷһ˵Ѿƻ˵Ŀܻصʬ˵ûʲôüֵǶڳƷ˵ȴǲͬˡ
ڻʼս֮ϿҲмڿܻصƷ֮ǰһֱûгԣΪҪѼĲϣͲ֪ҪѶٵʱ䣬ȴȫͬˣֱӴЩкԼҪĲϣʱգҲԼƳһ֧˴
ܻؿɲС෴ģҲǻ̴̻֮һ̺Ѱء
ûĴи治ת
һЩ޺ͿܻصʬƷٶľ䵽˵
˵Ŀ⿴Ʒżֲмһ֪ʲôƸаˡ
ЩЩǬ֮еǿߣ㲻ʲôؼĺöʮ׶ڹǹЩãĺöʸûˡ
ҲΪ˶ĿⶼĶˣǿⲻֻһûӶѣɡ
ЩĿ⣬ƷӶҲֵᣬֻҪܹǿԼʵء
ƷһѼһ߳ʮ׶ȥ
ͬʱҲ棬ǰһɨٶ̫ˣûĿԣĿǰΪ˵Щ˻о޴Ĳࡣ
Щ˲Ǭ֮еľ֡
Ͷ龳ͬǬһֳأųǬأƷڵΪսԼҲǺǬز࣬ȻսɨǬغѹȴҲֻͣ
ʣʸϲ֮еٮٮߣΪѾǬ۷ĵزݳƷԺ֮еʼľжϣֻһܹԽǬ
ǸزµĴһ֮гưԣһǿȣҲǺѷɫ
㻹δһǵĿ£ҲԶĿǰĳƷܹģԶģԼҲǬأǬҵΪǬ֮еٮٮߡ
ΪԼ֮ǰƷնɱҲ޼ˡ
ȻǸղųƷһΣһεĸ֣ձ鶼ǬأصΪ
ȲǰΣǱЩձǬ£ЩͨǬסͨǬ˵Ǿһˡ
ϾЩȻǬҲǺǬһأǬ޼Իʸʱ򣬸ʸһж赲ס
ҲóƷмȸУǻʸ˵ΪѾοǬԪѹһųһһ֣ôҲǬ۷Ĵˡ
һǿУȵĳƷò߾ȫǿԼΪ
Ȼȥ϶Σأ󣬶Ʒûһ˿һĺ¡
ܿ죬Ʒָ˵Ķ飬Ϊ֣һǱסˣ˵ǰһ޴ĽһС
Ʒʱˣֻĺöڽһˡ
ЩɥѵҪһô
ȻǸղŶѾԹˣδܹ磬ǵĹϣֻ˿˿޷ҡ硣
ҾͲˣһѾϼһĽ绹ܽҵסʸһϱ˿ֲķħΣֱŽȥ
ǳħֻ̣ŷʵΪ𣬶ЩŴǿߣҲûʲôη
֮˵ĺǽʺϲﶼͬʱʼ֣ЩڶεǬأǬصĿֲҲˡ
˶ľ赲ס
ܿ죬ƷǰЩεǬҲ˺֮С
˿̵Ŀ£˵ĹҲֻǲЩûа취
Ʒһ°ӵĽȣһʱƲˡ
ȻˣһǿԼΪڽ֮УŻ༸ʤ㣡Ʒ


1776 ̫ţԶţţ
澿ʲôǺʵģȻһ춯صᣬƷȻһİգ˵ףԵʵһеıϡ
ԳƷɴ಻żûע⵽ʱֱӶɽͼĿռ֮С
ժʣµһö֮ǰЩ޵ʬ׽γɵö֮ࡣ
ǰƷЩԵͼʬȤΪòϣҲռطѡ
ڲͬͳЩͼ˵ôȴ̩ؾʹá
һǶ龳Ȼֻ龳֮ͼģҲʮ־ˡ
Ͼһ֧һ֪ҪķѶԴٵĵرпڴĻʳ֮Уܹ龳ģȻֻмƾпܡ
ƷȻһ֮ĵز֪ж
븹֮󣬳Ʒֻоȫķžγʮֺ˵ľҲڣƷɽͼ֮У棬϶ɾ޴ĺ䶯
ϵķһӾ˵ٶתЩתԪת⣬ܿ죬㿪ʼųƷ龳ڵľ硣
ڳƷʱУȻǰһˣȻһһϸ߲ϣ˶ǰͬ
龳ĴڣԼԼܹоνĴڣҲܹоڶѣ֪Ȼ֮еĹ÷ǿǶ龳С
ǳƷȴͬѹֱӿõЩĴڣǺεȾ׵Ĵڡ
еľ˵ƷѾе󾳽УɽɽˮˮһΣǿɽɽˮˮ
һȻǿɽɽˮˮ
Ʒһ㾳Ҳǲ֪ϾѾǸ֮еľˣ֪֪⵽һˡ
ڣƷ˿ɽɽˮˮ
Ʒʯɴ֮񿪷µԭһд
óƷϵֱﵽһͻͽĵز绢
뵽״̬ԾӸ£ݽ겵Ŀϵ⡣
۾ͿԿЩ򣬿֪Ѱ˵ģģķֱӿԿѰٶҲѰνҪ첻֪ٱ
͸ı棬ʣ
ĵطƺһеķǰʲôܡ
ѹңԶǰʲĻԻʱĻΪֱ֣ӵһʱĽ
ʱ䣬ƷҲĹ˺ܶϣڲ¼ʮ֮һӵеϿ˵ͬ嫳һ㡣
ңԶǰ飬̸ʲôĻܣϸɶ֪Щϻǿŵģǵļš
֮ͲԼչأ쳵ͿԵģÿһгɵʿȻ֪ʶԨԶѰ˵
Щ֮УƷҲƶϳ˺ܶ飬ȻܶʷѾɲˣǴ»ǽǰֳ̫ţԶţź͵⼸ʱ
̫䣬سǸ޺Уݺ£ؼޱȿ񱩣ڵĵġ
̫ʮױǳǸʱǸʱ֮еٮٮߡ
̫֮ԭѪ츳һޣش䣬˳ʷ̨
ʱգҲֻʣһЩѪд棬ʵ˲СһͷǼΪɲģͬ˿ɵС
֮ԶʱʱʱȻкܶ飬ȴ̫ǰ㣬ֻԼѪɺУ߿֮ѰҲ̤֮·
ʱ̫ŲԶѪδ˻ǿߣţɣųʲ
зţǸʱġ
ǸǿĿ£ģ绪Զһ㣬ʣڷ֮ܵĹע
Ǹ֮Уʶţëʤ㲻ʲô˲õʡ
ֻߵʣľʣǼˣǸҲ㲻ʲô
鶼кܶĿֲʱͬʾʵǿߣ̶ʮɻߣʱֱŵ漣


1777 ͻƣ龳
ʱ֮УʮͣɾǬ˱ȱȽǣԽǬҲеģĸǴš
ǼʮͳɾͻߵĵλǺʣ漣Ӧ˵񻰣顣
Ǹ֮УȴƽΪǸľǿߣҪô飬Ҫôֱϵ
Ȼ̫˵ѾǵЩ֮бȽһˡ
ȻҲ飬ҲȻڵĺܹᲢ۵ġ
ʶޱȵǿ󣬻ʾһ飬Ϊ˵ãǵʣӼ֮Ҳ֪Ҳǳһļ壬壬Ѫǲ
ȫͬģȻ첻̫ʱڵǿ󣬵ͨзţҲͬչ˲ѷɫ̫ʱڵǿǿ
׼ȷ˵ֻۣǲʷ֮ΪԻ͵һΣս磬綼ڴϹǿ
ӵ伮ϼأϹʱҲΪһս𣬲֪ʲôԭߴ֣䣬Ѫɺӣرѣţ˲ء
һ㣬ڷڵĵ伮ϲûмأ֪ǲ֪ǲ⿪ţƷԼƲ⣬ֻǳܾǺᣬֵһսйϵ
Ҳһս֮С
֮ʷͽһʱʱһޱȻҵûߵѹ֮󣬸˾սرߴıѣĶӣԴļ٣Ҳʹøļҡ
ĺڰʱߺţͬһɱаħҲǻҵ֮Уͬõļӳ֣ϵĹѩһĳɳ¼伸ΪаħͳΣˣԱѡ
һֱʱĩڣһλĻǿƵ̬ƽڰңЩһʱǿаħĸ֣Ĵڣɱߴıɢ
Դӳʼ޵УһеУƽ˺ڰң׷սʮſһʳĴĻʳ
һֱʱʼڵʷνĵʷ
ЩʷƷҲΪķ۷Ӵ˻𣬵ƽһкڰңٴĻʳͷβҲֻ˶ʮʱ䣬ֱӽаħϳݡ
˺˻½ܺ壬壬壬壬壬ħΪݵ壬ӭ˴Ļʳʱ
ǴĻʳһλߣҲΨһһλߣ֮ĻʳͳҲֻ֮ܳΪ˻ʡ
Ϊÿ˵Ĺʵܹ䱻ĸԸĳ֮Ϊʵġ
ڹڴ˻ʣǴʯͷĳһûгɳʷǻ޵еľ磬ոճͣͶƽڰҵս֮С
֮ڵǻʮ󣬻ƽ˴Ļʳ֮󣬽λ䳤֮ʧ١
˴ţƽڰҵʱ⵽شֻ֮ˣҲ˵˻ʽһֳߵ״̬֮С
дţ˻ʱͲǸʱǿߣԶʱ֮󣬲֪ûټˣ˻пܾĳһԶ䳤Ļߣһ޵УһеС
Ҳ˸ͬ⣬Զŵм䲻֪˶꣬ǻҲܻôãҲƵġ
ȻҲôΪ֣ԭΪ˲ӡ
˻ʴʼնһƬ֮Уû˽
ЩഫţڷڶϣҲֻǼһЩΪȤŶѣûʲôذϡ
Ҫ֪࣬ҪʵҲпˡ
Ʒ۾ʼΧѾܹۿķֻоԼھĸڲϵڵķҲһ˵ٶ
ԭޱȵľϣҲһ˵ٶȱ鿪
İƷеٶȱԭһΡ
ʱһһĶɹҲ֪ȥ˶ãƷԽԽǿƵϢڲϵƬ֮䣬ѾƬأأһӱ˿
䣡
ƷϷһӱ˿һɿŰ˿
һ˲䣬һɷƷս֮С
Ʒ³һһһϯ
Ʒڱķͻˣ֮ǰȣǿһ࣬ⲻǸոտʼѣǿȥʵԼ
һؿ֮Ϊ˳ˮۣͿԴﵽ۷塣


1778 ¾Ǭݽ
ĿǰսֱͻǬأǬأǬصĸ֮УԺɨ
еķҪͻƣԶѰҪѵĶ࣬һͻƣսˣܱȡ
ؾʱɽͼ⴫һʣ˴ʱĺʸʣϲĴڵͬʱ֡
ڽǸһն
˼״ʱϲһӵϣֱ˽ȥ
ƷŸոճɽͼĿռ䣬ʱѾȥһʱˣƷΪոͻƣûиһ
ʱԭЩܸ赲סЩεǬѾͻ˿ܵ˹
ǵͱЩҪ࣬ʵǲȿܸǿ
ֻһʱסûа취ͻưˣֱ˳ƷΧ
Ȼˣʱ˶պÿƷɽͼĿռ֮˳ռ䷨
֮˼̰ɫϾǲȱռ䷨ܹװ˵Ŀռ䷨Ǿһˡ
ϼһĿռ䷨ͱǲˣ
ʱһеĵʿǰЦ˵
󣬸ϰǬĸְΧ˹
֪
Ʒ֮жʱâЩ˼ֱǸһھȻɱǲҪˡ
еĵʿƷޱ飬ΪƷסˣϸ¶˼ֵ顣
Ȼ֪ôģȻ絽ôãղӦѼ˲ٵĺöԹԽɣ
¶˼ֵЦݣƷùԹԵĽջô
ͣ
Ļ䣬˶û뵽£Ʒˣһֲǹâͬһһ㣬˲ͽеĵʿֱӶ
ʿ¶˲˼飬û뵽ƷӶ֣û뵽ǣôҲǿǬĸ֣ôԳƷʱ򣬻˲һһ˲䣬ͱɱ
ǹȵĶƷЦһȻȵ֣ѾˣȻΪ鷳ˡ
Ʒ̬ȣʱΧЩǬĸֶʱŭƷʵȷʵ΢΢Ǻܿͱŭȡ
һǹᣬʲôȻɱˣϼһǲˣ
˴һ˵ڳˣǳʮţаħ֮еĶţеĻ֮кպĴ壬ĸǹҪǿ
ǹȻǴĻʳ֮еһǺЩȣûκƣơ
ʱһǹϼһǰըֱ̣Ƿˡ
ǾԣƷЦһ֮âֱӾͽǸʿʬ
Щڴ⣬ֺγ뽫Щһ򾡣ϰǬǿߣƽʱҪ²ܹ
ãͳͳǿʵ
ЩѾԴֻԼ֪ˡ
ҲϣķвƸǵһ¶Էˣ
ʱ˺
ϰǬĸѾĶˣǶ޿֣Ҳ֮
ǿϰǬֵΧƷˣΨһôѡ
˵ʱʱ죬ϰǬĸֱӷ˹
ȻǬһصǬصʿЩǬĸ֮УֻǵΣϰһ֣ǺεȾ춯صľ
ϰٵ۳һֲĹ˲˳Ʒ
Ʒһ㶼żֻЦһˣ˵£үǵ֣Ƕˣɱߣǹᣬȣ
ɲǼ䣬ƷһӶˣǹת͵һӴ˳ȥǹâջһ޴ĳ˫צһӽ˺ѳĹ㣬һӾ˵ٶȺʮǬĸ֡
ۣ
ۣ
ۣ
ʮǬĸַ׷ײҽһһѪ˳嵹˳ȥ·شһ㡣
ǹâ׷䵽ǵϣʮǬĸ־Ͷ׷ױ˵ϡ
Ƕ̶֣̽ʮǬĸֲ˲佫˸ˣӦ˵סˡ
ʱ򣬳Ʒû˿ͣһǹХǹǹΪֲǹʩչ˳
˵һǹ̳һǬĸֱֱͱʲôķͬħһǹֽͬһ㡣
Ƭ֮䣬Ѿ


1779 ̫ڤ˵
ǹһŻХǹڳƷУ˾׵Ƕ̶ʱ䣬ЩΧǬĸ
ʣµЩ־ŭҲû뵽ƷȻô⽫ɱ¾ˡ
Ҫ֪ЩɲѰ˰ÿһǬĸ֣ĸ֣ÿһǸŵı
Ҳ̫˵㣬ѵһǹȻҺ͸ô
ƷЦһƺûжǸϾɱ˼
ʣµЩҲֻ໥һۣȻ׷ȥˣƷһαͽ¾룬ֲֿΪǶΪ֮
ɱʵ̫ˣȻҪǣƷƺǺǱһǰļɵ˵ɱɱ޹˼ɡ
µģν㶵ģ㶵²ҪģҪ·ӡ
ǵǹȣһӡ
аס֣ʱǳƷĶ֣ǻȥ֮ҲҪȥǹ鷳Բǹù
ǲ֪˳Ʒ˼ҪˮȻǹ˾ɱѾվǬԪһߣǾͱֳƷĺˡ
ֱ仯ȵӣټһХǹΪҲʮ־ǹǲİٿĪ硣
뿪֮󣬳ƷЦһһջʮǬֵʬףνջ񼫴Ȼܺȵʬȣһ࣬ҲǼΪ˵õġ
㹻óƷΪһˡ
ƷЦһȻ޺Ʋҹݲʣ
ԼۣҪ۵ʲôʱȥпܡ
˼Ʈɢ֮䣬ƷѾſ֮׷ȥ
Ǭĸ֮УѾ䵽ˣЩ龳ĸ֣ûǬܵΧ׷½أͻƵ
ԽȥƷԽǸоһɳѹͬһһȦһȦϯ˹
ͨͨͨ
ƷԼˣȻû·һͷµޣⶴǱš
Ȼܹһͷ޵
ܿ죬׷ˣֻˣ˶ڷǰĶֹͣ˽Ų
Ƿ·һε赲סˣΪĻʸʣϲˣһεѹѹ֮£ǰҲǷǳѡ
ǳļѣǵϣϵıһı⣬зǰ棬ֵһɿµѹ
ǬĸҲˣԷ͵ķסһʱ䣬룬ָĹâ˸ڰĶյĺ
ǵʵͲһˣûа취ֻΧת
ƷȥĵȻһöԼĪһҴСľ޵޵֮Уͷų˿ֲѹ赲סǰĽŲ
ƷĿֲǴһö޵֮дġ
ʲô޵ĵδȻܹ赲סһȺǬĸ֣
ƷʮȻԾĳһͷ޵ĵֻǲ֪ʲô޵ĵδ˵ãӣֻ¸ոճǬΪǳԽǬĴڡ
¼ô࣬ǿģҲǷëǡ
Ʒ̻ŰɫͼǷͼҲ֪̻ʲôķһ˵սľĸо
Ʒӵʵļ֮е֪һ޳ĵҲֵ·һ㶼ܼ򵥣Щ·Щ޼̳еʲôѪ
һѪԽޣǵĵϵ·ҲԽӣĲҲԽԡ
ּ̻˸ַĵҲǼΪģǷëǣҲζţһһ˲õĶ
Ī̫ڤˣ
ƷһӷӦ˹һӴЩķͼϿĺۼŨϢ˿һ۾һϢĸо
̫ڤ˵ĺĶ֮УԵôһҲͲѲ²ˡ
пܾ̫ڤ˺ĵ
ѹˣ
Ʒ˵֮ж¶˼̰飬ֻҲ²⵽ʲô
ܹõһ̫ڤ˵ĵطѱδǰ;ֱ
Ҫ֪̫ڤ˿λ̫ʮ֮һǸΪޣĺ±Ȳϳ̫ڤˣҲѰܹᲢ۵ġ
ֻҲԿ磬ֻҪܹõһͷ̫ڤ˵ЧңʱգҲݺһ
ջ㹻ۺƴˣ


1780 ǧǬ
˶ǿһɿµѹͼһ̫ڤ˵
ʸʣϲˣǵĽ죬һһӡĿ
Уֳִʣϵһɢ֣Щϯѹɢĳ
Ŵʽһʵˣ
Ա߲Զʸֳһħνħ죬Щħϣһħһ㣬ңһпѹи
ϲϴһɢǹı£Ƿ͵ķЩ֮зΪɵģ֮кպķǱ¡
֮˶һǱ£ֻǸΪĲͬӵеĲƸĲͬڵĵƳǱҲȫͬ
ʣϲһǱеٮٮߣǵӱеĵһˡ
ȫͬɢ⣬ݻһ㷨۶ɵķ£Щѹ⡣
˵ʵǿҲΪ˵ãһ·ǰУܿͿˣ̫ڤ˵ĵ
أʱȴһӰͥŲһ̬һ·׷ˡ
˶ѵתͷһȴȻһһǹߡ
ǹ᣿˶ǲѧ֮ȻϾϳϵ·ı־ǹķۡ
û뵽ǣǹ߾ȻܹͥŲߵЩѹ
Ҫ֪ƴȫҲܹӵĵزѣ߼ɾˡ
ʵжߣ
˵Ժ֮УɵðһͷͷǶо¡
߿׵ЩѹҲǴﵽ˳ԽǬ֮ϵľ硣
ȻϿľ֣Ȼжˣʵ̫ǳˡ
ֻĿ߼ͥŲһĿ̫ڤ˵ĵ·ڤ˵ĵиûͷųһ˿һѹһ
໥һۣţǹʲôʱðôһֲĴˡ
ȴǱˣʵϣǳƷȻǿԼʵܹѹǿԴ֮־ϵѹ޷γһ˿һ˺
ǿ̫ڤ˵ͷųѹҲˡ
ѹֵѾûѰҲǵֵס̫ڤ˵ĵͷŵѹɣ
ƷոҪأֻоһɿֲľϯ˹ֱԺ֮УҪƷʶֱӸɱˣȻӹܳƷ
õ
ƷһȣԺ֮еȻһӱһ߲ʵϼ⣬뵣һ˲ͽһֵľֱӺƬ
һɿֲľֱ˳ƷԺ֮УƷֻһҽʣµЩͬˮһ㣬ĳȥ
ʣµЩ֮У޾ϢǿֲѹԽһ˸һ׳ա
µ񣬳ƷҲֻһö̫ڤ˵ĵĲԶʼЩ
ЩӴгƷڱֻ֮࣬һ˲䣬ƷͻᱻֱӶᣬԪ񶼻ᱻֱӻ˶ᱻɰ׳ա
ˣ̫ˣ
Ʒʱ̫˳˳ˮˣ˭֪ոտ̫ڤ˵ĵȻͷ飬û¾Ҫˡ
ʣ϶̫ڤ˵ĵڸһɾǴж
Ʒװģ³һѪװشӡ
̼˻ʸˣԭΪԼûˣ̫ڤ˵ĵҪƷȡ˭֪·תȻĻᡣ
³ƷҲжٵķգֱӼӿ˽ŲϱǿķԿһѹ
˵ЩͨǬĸˣҲһӷ׷׳˹ȥǶ̶ʱ䣬˾Ѿ̫ڤ˵Χˡ
Ȼʱ̫ڤ˵ĵϣ̻ķһ˸һ£һɿֲľͬХһ㣬˷ɢ˿
أ
أ
أ

ۣ
ۣ
ۣ
һ˲䣬ЩǬĸػ·⵽һɿֲĴ׷׵˳ȥΪСķ׷׿ѪţһӲ鷢ˣЩΪСǬַ׷ڰ֮л˸ʬ֮еľѪȻһգڰ֮Уһ޴ѪӣȻӿ̫ڤ˵ϡ
ֻôһ£ǧǬĸ꣬ǵľѪȫι̫ڤ˵


1781 ̫ڤ
ЩǬ֣ǬһصǬصĴڡ
Ǭ֮е׵ĴڣȻˣҲǧǬְ
棬һǧǬĸֻ֣¶Ҫ䶯¡
һ֮սԼҲˡ
ڼһӾͱˡ
ʣµǬҲǸˣûõĶȥ
ǿͬʸϲʣ˶ͬʱһѪ˳ֱӱش
ǴʱףΪʲôƷ֮ǰոսӴ̫ڤ˵ͱشˡ
ǱʶľΪ̫ڤ˵ĳƷҪĶˣϾƷҲһнľߵģҲĳɽ޵Ϲ
ȻǲˣʱȴܵӰ졣
ƷƵһѪ˳ôҲˡ
ֻ֮ǰ˶ѱ̫ڤ˵ջɱ۾û뵽ôࡣ
ǲŷֲ԰ǷоǧǬֵľѪ̫֮ڤ˵֮еǸϢԽԽǿˣҲԽԽǿˡ
ܹеǬΪһɵϣ֮ǰɱ۾ֻҲǷӦˡ
һʼ⡣
Щ뵽˸ӿֲĿԣʮ׶ĿţǲǴͷβһı
Ȼʮ׶ѾôˣûܹҵĶôʱͻȻһӴ򿪣Ϣܿʹ£ôĸ֡
˵֮ǰû뵽ôĻôǾѾо鲻ˡ
һʼܾһ壬Щǰ
ǧǬĸֱһ𣬾Ѫȫ˿ֲĺ̫ڤ˵ա
ⱻΪѪʳأ
뵽˶ֻоһ󵨺˵ĻǾ̫ˣҲ˵Ǵһʼ͵˱˵֮С
Լ֪ΪܹΪˣȴ룬Ϊ
뵽Ƕʱֵĳȥ
ʱǷ֣֮УЩ˵һӱˣԭ߾һƬҰȻһ˲䣬ͿʼΧ˽
ֻʣһǧ˵Ǭ֣һӾ֮һֱӱ
ãӣ̫аˣǿ϶ˣҪǲӣֻҲҪƣ
˴һ˵ʱ˾ٲģҲףʮ׶Ī֮ǰǰ㣬һѰ֮á
෴ģⷴΪǰ·
˷Ӧ˹ĳȥҪ̫ڤ˵ѹǰףܻǷǳ򵥵ġ
ʵǿĻʸʣϲҲֻܷڸղŵĳ֮УҲһشս
Ҳоë̫ڤ˵ĵʵ̫ˣһʼ͸¶ŹͲꡣ
໥һۣæ漱ȥ
ֻ˳Ʒһˡ
ʱЩĸ׷˳ȥֻһֳĳƷΧ˹
أƷһ۾֮бһɿֲâ˷·̥ǵı仯
ڸղǶݵʱ֮УѾ׽̫ڤ˵Ժ֮еľգתԼľ
ھǳƷһԭĻľ
˵ȻҪԽߣΪҲԽߣԽ׸ڴҲ°빦
һӣóƷھĸͬʱһ̨ס
ͬʱڳƷȻȻðһЩڵĻ棬Ļ棬ڸղЩʱ򣬳ƷҲһЩϢݳһֻ档
ֻ̫ڤ
̫ڤ˾ǿֻ£˵ֻҪմˣ·һʵȳƷߵĸҲᱻش
Ʒڵ̫ڤ𻹲ֻ࣬кٵһ֣Ҫ㹻̫ڤһǿĵơ
ǳԽǬĸֱ㹻̫ڤУҲ·һӶûа취ߣһմȾϣͲϨ𣬳ǶԷȥ
Ʒ¶˼־ϲӵ飬Ӧ츳ͨû뵽ЩƬ֮иݳˣȻֻǳ̫ڤ𣬵Ҳӹɵġ
ЩɱǬ֣ƷֱӳһץץɽӶȻݺݵĳǸ̫ڤ˵ȥ
һж̫ڤ˵ڱңֻҪһȻΪǡ


1782 һջ

̫ڤ˵֮дһֽ֮УȻһռ̫ͨڤ˵˲ʧ˳Ʒǰ˿ռ֮С
ҵţ
Ǹ̫ڤ˵ʧ֮Щ̫ڤ˵ƵҲͬʱʼɢ˸ɸɾ
ƷɵޱȵĿϧЩкܶΪΪǬĸ֣٣ƷƴأҲֻնɱʮˡ
Щʬȫ
ʱ֮ϣ鳤ѰȽСȻҩЧҲв
һ֮ϣһöĽΣոտʼͣѾѰҪϺüˡ
ʮǬĸֵľѪ
ȻѾʼҩ㣬һ˵ٶȲ죬ͬʱƷϵƷʯҲ˱ĵһɶ
ЩǬĸ϶вٵƷʯʮ򣬶ϰʮҲǧƷʯһʾ޿
Ʒһھʵϣ׵Ľ̫ڤ˵ˣҲֻгƷܹѡ
ʵϣ̫ڤ˵ûộŻ±ƷһƣֻѾͣѾʶˡ
ݵʼ֮гƷ֪̫ŵ֮󣬶ǻӵеĺľǣֻǲҪµľǵĳΪ׼õĸָĵرﵽһִԲľ硣
飬Ϊÿһͷ̫֮ϺŵޣһӵмߵΪ
̫ڤ˵е̫ڤһǳԽǬϵΪľס
ûгֶζòֻǿľЩǿߣΪá
ǳԽǬǿߣôͻϮһ£ҲӱƵˣʱ򻹲ƾ̫ڤ˵ףʵСֱӳѪʳʵǿūͣΪĻ
ҲֻгƷĹ̥ıľ񹥻ѹѹֱӶı嶯֡
Žˣ
ھͳƷƶһͷ̫ڤ˿϶ĻǲԲģδĳɾͣδĴԲܴﲻԭܹﵽĵز
˵Ʒǽˣ˵ǽˡ
ƷŵĲ´Ьģ̫ڤƵǰǲҡ
أƷ֣ü֮Уֵһͷһתˣ̫ڤΪľǶλλá
δ̫ڤ˳֮󣬻Ҫǰһ䣬Ѱ˸ûκΰ취ûа취
ر
ƷЦһһͷ̫ڤȻˣǺʣƷҲĺ¡
Ѿȫˣʮ׶ͻȻֻ´һʼһ壬ΪľǽЩȻȫһ̫ڤ˵Ѫʳū͡
һƿӺ֣лǧǬĸֱ֣ʲν
̫ʱھ̫ڤ˵ĺᡣ
ڳƷԺ֮һ䣬㵽ʱ֮ҳƷˡ
һˣֻûʲô취ƷȻһˣڻʼս֮оͼ¼һƳķǻ߼ĸµ䣬Ʒں
ƷҪʱأڸղһö̫ڤ˵ʧ֮УȻֳһֻ͸ķˣһֻԼĪŰҵĴС
һֻ˲ɿųһҪߡ
ƷǰһЦһ̤Ьٴȫѹһջ񣡡
˵ʱʱ죬Ʒ֣һӾͽһֻ˸ץС
һֻҪߣܹѵˣƷдһ֣һӾͽһֻץС

ƷЦľΪҲɵ¶ϲ顣
ΪѾϳһֻ͸ķ˾ʲôˣȻһԪ
ʱˣΪʲôʮ׶֮зô꣬һ̫ڤ˵ǵûΪȡӪȥ෴ģԽԽǿǬĸֱֶꡣ
ԭ䱳Ȼӵڡ
νԪֻΪΪһЩǿߣԼԴ۶һ
Ҫ۳ԪҪǸȫҲ˵˻Ͼˡ
һΨһЩϡ٣һഫľ޻ַʽԼԪиֱϵĺ


1783 ɷԪ
־Ԫһ˿һʣ˵ֱϵĴƷ
ܹǿԼʣһΡ
϶飬ȫȫͬģͬһεġ
ʣһžķԪһ̫ڤģֻҪ̫ڤ˵ԴԴϵյһɷԪȵδʱʶԲġ
һǾ춯أδɳٶȸǾˣ
һ飬˵ȫͬģǸ߲ε
飬ȫͬʮֵСͨϵϵĽʵɱ䣬۷壬ҲҪǿҲС
Ȼͬ·ͨĶ֮·յ㡣
ڣ̫ڤ˵Ȼûչ⣬ȻǧǬֵľѪ˷۱һŷԪ䵽˳ƷС
ǱǬֵľѪҪ֪ٱĶܹԼʵĺö
ϵδķչǰΣһֻϵķչǰܺһᲢô
¡¡
ʮ׶ͻȻʼҡĳʼ¡
ãʮ׶Ҫ̮
ƷʱӦ˹ʮ׶ֻ´һʼǸ̫ڤ˵ΪĹܵģǸ̫ڤ˵Ѿʮ׶ȻҲ̮֮ˡ
뵽Ʒ̤һݹ⣬΢΢һΣѾʧԭء
Ƭ֮󣬾Ѿʮ׶ܿ죬ʮ׶ͳ̮ˡ
ʮ׶ΧڰУ˶ڸпҺúõÿ죬ȻҪױʮ׶ˡ
Щ龳ߣǿЩǬĸʮǱĴӳʱоȻмְˬ
ȻǱ赲ΧûܹȥҲ˲¾³
иĶ龳ֿһĻ¶˼־ֵ飬ΪһͬǰǬֶģе˺üʧ֮󣬴֮УֻҪȻˡ
һƬȻ֮Уûע⵽ƷȻ˳һΣֱӻ˱ģ
ע⵽ʮ׶ĶڣвٵĿⶼڲϵɨɨȥлвٵĿɨ˳Ʒϡ
ȷԼҵ֮󣬾ͺܿĽĿתƿ
ƷҲֻѰ龳Ϣû뵽һ龳ܹǬʵ
ƷʱˣЩֻڵԤ֮УֵǸȡ
ֻһֱȵҲûܹȵȵĳ֡
Ʒܿ뿪ʮ׶ķΧȻһͷɽͼĿռ֮С
ƷǰȴǱģһŷ˵Ԫ
ſ˿ڣתһڽһŷ˵Ԫ˸Уһתʼ
¡
һǰδеڳƷ֮бˡ
ָо·ըһ˲ڳƷ֮ը˿
¡¡
ܹо·Ҫһɿֲ˺˿
ȻףһԪʱ򣬵жôĴֱһ̫ڤ˵ĵҲڵҪСĲϰһԪΪԼá
ʣôһСţԭĴС˵ʮ֮һûС
ĿǰĳƷ˵ȻӴľ޴
ܹоԼ֮ÿһϸ˺ѿԥı˺ѿ˲䣬ȫѪÿһë֮ʳ˶һѪһ
ĸоѾкܾöûйˣΪѰ֮Уţ뺣˵ڳƷɾ޴˺ˡ
һŷԪոս֮Уͽϸ˺ѿ־ҵʹóƷ亹ֱѪһ𣬿ޱȵա
һ룬һʶϵơ
ܿ죬Ʒٶȱ˺ѿȻٶȱ޸
Ӳ˺ѣϻָĹ֮УƷ𽥸оˣԼѾʼ˾޴ɱ䡣
һַǳݵĸоƷУܹоԼһ־˵ٶڲϵɱ䡣
·һصϸ֮Уͨһδβϵ˺ϸ̻һرķĺۼС
Ļ߱ģ֮л˳ɱ䣬εԾǨ
һӴǰδеȫ±仯
䣡
Ҳ֪ȥ˶ãһɿֲϯ


1784 ɱ䣬龳۷
һɢȥƷ۾Ŀ֮б⣬ֱʡ
ҾȻԱôǿʵ̫ˣ
Ʒ΢΢һ¶˼ϲ顣
ָһ㣬չɷԪʼѾȥһµʱ䣬һµʱ֮Уһ츲صı仯
ڵķԭеĻϣ屶Ҫ֪ƷԭķͷǳĻ񣬱˵ͬߣǬ߶Ҫǿ̫ˣ˵һ屶
ǺεȾ˵
ΣԴȫͬ
Ƭ֮䣬ԭ鲼˿ڣҲһ˵ٶȻָֻǼӵʱѣѾָɡ
ⲢǳƷʵȻԭĻָҲʮ־ˣǾȻûдﵽĵز
Ǻ֮䣬Ѿָ߰˰ˣôҪķһıܡ
Ʒ֪ν츳ͨ
츳ͨɲǺܹͨᲢ۵ģͨҪϣһҪҹޣһԣͻǰᷴ
츳ͨȴͬϾӵĳֻͨȵ͵ˣܹȻȻʩչͨ
⼸ÿ嶼һģ֮УżҲܹ츳ֻͨǸ̫ˣһЩǿޣ̺֮Ѫܹ׿󼰵ǿ
⾪˵ĻָˣԭڷһĻָ
һԷҲ˵⵽޷ĳشҲﵽһȫµľ硣
һϣһν츳ܹᲢ۵ġ
̫ڤȻ̫еޣǱϻǳԷһ壬ӵзһıͨ
ȻֱۣͨԻָ˵ֱǲСǿʵ޼ʵԼǿϲٵĸ֡
ڶԷΪܰʱ׿Իָڵ˱һ޴壬־սԽԷ
֮⣬Ƕ̫ڤˣ˵ԭֻܹһЩ̫ڤ𣬵̫ڤп˺ĻôڣѾȫȫܹӦ̫ڤ
û˵̫ڤ˻ᱻԼ̫ڤˣǳƷһʩչͿԼν˼һ˫н
ڣʵı仯ƷѾ׽ˣʩչ̫ڤҲԲܱˡ
ΪܹоԼƺһǰδеı仯Ǳ˰˰һ㣬ǿʲôߵģΪ̵ĸıڻеĸı䡣
ӻ˶ԳƷĸ죬֮⣬ƷҲֹȻͷһȣо޴Ĳࡣ
ǽѰȣѾǾ춯ˣڹʱѰ˶ֻܻ߰ʮ꣬еȴܹɻ꣬ǺεȾ׵顣
ңʿȱʵʱ䣬˻δӸ߲εľ磬Ϊ˶òźϡ
ڳƷѾ׽⣬ȻֻȻѰ޷Ŀֲˡ
Ҫ֪ʶҪΪһӵʸֱ֣ӵԶʱı
ټϳƷ屶ķ˵Ʒ˶Ѿһǰδеɱ䡣
ƷΪҲɱ֮£˳µͻƵ˶龳۷塣
ԭȣƷֹǿ˼ھǬصĸֶĶ֡
һΣ˵ģʵʵԾǨﵽһѰɱ̶ȣʵǲֻǸĶѡ
ʱЩеıʺУеıʺУΪ˻ĸãĸãڳӡ
һζĺ¶ݣֻǿʵսǲΪ³˵ֶΣ̸ϳֶΡ
ʱͻȻ֣֮ǰĺĹʼӱ˵ҲεԾǨ书ֻͨǴﵽԾǨһֶκ͸ѡ
֣վָͬһ
һֱڣƷãʲôУеıʲô
ƷףǬİڣǬǬǬֻú¶ݡ
뵽Ʒ֣ԭǬľϾȻɶ
ҪͻƣҲԭҪ̫ˣǰշĵ


1785 ع飬ӺŽ
ľҪԶԶľҪߵĶ࣬ټʵԾǨΪͻƣֱ˷츲صı仯
ıѰҪü֮һЩԭ˵ǽɵʽҪȼԼʽڳƷ˵Ҳ˿ѡķ
˵ĿҪʵֳӣ˵ʱ䱾Ͳˣ˵ʱ任ȡĳЩͨѧʩչ
ǵ˱Ʋѵʱ򣬲пܣ
ǳƷͬһ˺üʩչЩֶΣ͵ڳƷֶһ޴ĵơ
ԸǬԪĵƣ
ͨһεжƷʣʸϲ˵ʵȻͬƣǳƷվǿһЩǬԪĶߡ
ҲǬ۷ʵ
ܳԽ磡
ϾѾܶ꣬ЩѾʵʱ䣬ƷʵͻͽĽ˵ǬԪˡ
ȻԵĻƷҲԸҵֶΣϾԪÿһ֣һ˿ᡣ
ͻƣֱ۷壬ֱӡ
ƽǸӪ಻һΪ߽߱ǽǵľӪ֮Уһеȳݣ֮ϡ
ʦѾȥܳʱˣһֱţǬԪȵԽԽͼ̩ؾΪΣյǰ֮С
ʱ䣬Ҳ۲Ϊҵսƽս֮УΪҵĲ֡
˫ľϵͶȥǿݺᣬʵǿڲϵɱ¾
һѪĥһ㣬ľɽȥֲֿɱ¾Чʣоսľ
̩ؾͶսֻ°ʱֲסͻȫû
Ͼֻ˵СӣȱһԵĸ
֮ǰڳƷָ֮£նɱ˲ٵޣʱʱóȥһЩֻ¸޷赲ƽǵĵ
ҲĹٲսǬԪΥͷͳͳնʾڡ
ʱףʲôйٴһѹˣοǬԪΪһ֮еһĴڣνȨ죬ѰôǬԪᲢۡ
ôźãʦҪٲ̩ؾزסˣ
ȳʮƵ˵
أһݹ֮ϻǰһһӰֱ˾Ӫ֮Уȳƽ¶˾ϲӵ顣
ʦ֣ڻˣ
ȷǰȴǳƷ˭ء
Ʒ˿ȳƣֱ߽˾Ӫ֮С



Ʒ˽ʱӪ֮еʿȵƷ
ڴʱı̩ؾ֮УƷѾ˷·һĴڣҪǳƷĹϵҲܰѱū۵ˣʵͻͽĽ
δлƷﵽߵľ磡
ְѾôƷüͷһأϾΪʲôˡ
ǵģ
ȳæ˵
Ѿ䷢ְ飬𣬳ʦ㱻ΪλͬƷ
Ʒ˵ͷһ֪һӺŽҲǽ֮͵ȼһ׼
ҲǳΪ˽װУξײ㣬Ժֱ̫ξǬԪҪͨʩӰɾûôˡ
ȻӺŽһҪӺŽҲʮʱ䣬ҵҵھз۲пܡ
Ʒһ·ӣԾְֻҪնɱ㹻ǿУλͺܿˡ
ʵʵսҲ޻˵
ǬԪΪʲôһһĴڣΪֹսնɱǿУԽһǿߣֱӷ
ⲻһλѣǴŴĻʳϿɣߵĽǶ˵ҲܷĻʳˣ°빦
ȻҲôǿͶĻʳΪ˷Դô
ȻǬԪӰ죬ĻʳıǸȻǬԪҲֻܹӰһЩСڶѣû취ӰƷְ
Ҫʦһ֮ǰһε۶ְȳ˵
ţ
Ʒ˵ͷȻ˵ߺ󣬶ʲô飿
Ҳûʲô£ҪǬԪͨͼǱ̩ؾǰҵս赶ɱ֮ǳԣ֮ǰʦµЩ޵ʬ壬ȥһֱǬԪҲû취ϾھУҲҪأȳ˵⼸ҲҪŲסˣʦֻˣȻĻǿһ


1786 һش֮
ʱ䣬ˣ
ƷȳƵļǬԪѹɲһܹܵ˵ģ֪ȳʱ䣬׳˶ѹ
ȳͷһᣬʱ䣬ܵѹε֮ǬԪǱƷѾ棬ܻˡ
ֳѹҪѹıʱףƷÿ춼ڳźεѹ
ӳƷϣ͸оѹܹоƷѰġ
ܹȾˣҲ֪ţųƷܹƽơ
ֵԼִƴ֣ŷ֣ԶҪӵĶˡ
Ʒ֮ǰ赭д֮ͽ̩ؾ¶ŵ׵ģʱʲô
ȵԼˣŷ֣ƷԾ飬ʵ̫ˡ
⽻Ҳоʮֱƫƫֲ˦ֲɣĻʳɭϣѡ񲻴ӾһӾҪܾԼ
ƷǿϿľ׾ٵľͽڱ̩ؾеĶ
ߵĻǷҲݲ
ڣڳƷڻˣ֮ǰеĵȴҲֵˡ
ģһˣǬԪκβˣ
ƷЦһ
ʱһھУǰҵսҲаԱ⵹ǷΪǵ֮أֻΪȫĥʯƷһһЩҷַȫÿһöҲһöΪ̫ˣϽ
˵ȳƲŷ֣ƷϵϢɲ⣬ǰܹоһЩƷĵߵĻôھѾ׵׵ĿƷǳ
еĸ֪䵽˳Ʒϣţ뺣һ㣬ʧӰ١
аզ࣬ʣųƷΪһ츲صı仯о˼飬ʦֽҲ̫˰ɡ
ӸոʶƷʼǸʱֻǸоƷδǰܲѺڳƷϡ
ڣƷѾоˡ
ʱĽν󣬱֮ǰüĽҪ󣬵ڳƷĿУȻΪ̫ʱҲˡ
֪һȥƷʶ˺εȺ˵ĳ龳ĸ֣ǧǬĸ֣ǺεȾ׵ĳ档
ȳƵΪ龳ĸȣҲǻ׵Ĵڣͬһ㣬޾
ΪˣŸоȳƵ˵ΪˣһΣȳƵʵƷҪʮ׷ߣƷҲҪǵΪһ龳
һҪȻǲܵģһоӭжˡ
˧֮УƷͽЩѾժȳƣһһöҪȫʵ
ֱʲν
֪ҪķѶٵԴһҲûôĺʵ
ڳƷոջûжãһӰҴҶſµϢϯ
ȴһ׵ӼҴҵ˹
Ʒڣ
һȣӪ̣̩ؾľ㸡˳ǾӱܵķӦ
ڰ֮УȻǸӶš
Ķ꣬û뵽ӵľӪĵطȻ˾Ӫֱ漣
ǴĻʳô֮УҲֻо񲿶Ӳп۳ľꡣ
Ϊ۾ǳĿ̣ھеġ
Ϊˣ赲סŻᱻһ
Щ۳ɾĻǬĸɾ޴в
Ӫصأ˵ҷ
أһʵţһӰ˰֮С
˵
Ʒ˵ţ˵΢΢һ֣Ǿ͸֣ͬ͵һӳӺ˹ȥ
ң
־ŭֱţƷȻȳ֣һǺ׵ġ
һ˲䣬ǾѸײڶ֮Ʒ˹
ʱо˼ȵΣգ˵֮ǰ̩ؾľֻ꣬ǶһЩвĻôڣгƷֵľ꣬ͱ˾׵ʵӵʵͷ˳
ûû֣ȫģǵƷڵʵǣǾ춯ء
һֱӺӡ
ۣ
һҽУһѪ˳˲䵹˳ȥݺײ˵ϣֱش


1787 Ѫ
ϱһش֮У˸ŵ飬ֻһжѣͱش
ʵǬ֮Уȴһش
ΪھսսȻΪʲôΪƽǸľӪ֮УӪǧľ۳һ󷨱۳һ塣
ľǺεӴһȫһ֮£Ҫޡ
Ȼÿ˶ľȫ£ֻӵһǵһǵһˣ̫ξΪԽǿˣڴĻʳ֮УλԽߵˣܹĲ֣ҲԽǿ
ƷȻΪλҲ㲻ϺܸߣһӺŽѣĴӪܹȻͬ졣
ֻû뵽Ʒôɴ˵־Ͷ֡
ʲôе죬ǵ죡
֪˳Ʒ֮󣬼ǵһʱͼҴҵҵ˳ƷΪľȡ
Դ֮еĳϣ׷ɱƷ֮󣬾ʧȥţҲģȵʵǬԪʵ֣ƷûκѵĿԡ
˭֪ڣȻǳƷˣ
˲ʶԣȸǹ֮һǱģܲŲʡ
ֱڵˣһʼѹûпƷҲû뵽ƷȻҾô֡
ôӪصصֱӽشûиڵĻᡣ
׺ݣϣ
Ȼ䣬·𿴵˵ǬԪƺҲ㣬ȻеǬԪӰӡ
ָоͷһֻãֱǲܵ顣
ǬԪʲôˣ϶֮һһĴڣųһһ֣ƷεºܣܹǬԪᲢۡ
Ʒ߸ϣűֱش˵ϣ΢΢УϵΪһ˲䣬ͱˡ
Ǭأ
Ǭĸ֮УⶼǸˣ
Ϊν˵ݣҲǺʣ϶ǬԪйأ˲ôҴҵҪ鷳
жǬԪ˸ε˽⣬ǬԪȻͬ죬¸ƣйӣټ֮ǰնɱȡ
ЩֶǬϵĴڣÿһǳǿᣬ£ǿҲȳƣҲֻǶ龳̫Զˡ
ǬԪǱΪеĴڣʵ͵óƷ衣
ҲΪʲôƷûֱӳ֣ǽӪеľ˵ԭ
ԳƷڵսݺǬ޵֣ǬصĸҲԱٱĻǬصĸҲаʮ֮ڲɱ
ĵƣ׷Ҫ͵һЩǬԪ͸ʵ
֮ǰնɱΪǬԪ̫СˣһʼֵıȵĻƷд鷳ˡ
þǬԪɾ裬Ϊȡ㹻ʱ䣬ΪǬȡʱ䡣
ֻҪǬǬԪҲ͵ǰǱ޻֮
ģ֪֮䣬ƷǬԪ֮ĲѾϵ͵ϵ֮Ĳ࣬һһ֮Ĳ࣬ȻȻв࣬ȴбϵĲࡣ
Ҫ̣Ҫʱ䣡
ԻǬԪǾ͸ˣǬԪΪʵˣҲǿƽǸľӵֶΣǱõˡ
Ʒ췴ϴһ
ƷЦһ˵ҿ췴ʲô̫ξҲţӪҿмԴԵ
ƷȻ޿ֻ֣ҪϳӪ޻˵ڴĻʳ֮УӪɭϣĲӣûˣҲҪܼ飬ֵܴĳȥ
ֱѪʤƷ׽Ʒץסʱô˵һ仰飬ƫƫƷһش޻֮
ֲʹֲҵֱ˾ұ̩ؾϵҪӪô֪㲻ΪĿҪɱڣƷ˵
϶ʱһѪ˳ûֱιȥ⻹ҪҪͿϴñӣʱǵȨڳƷҲƵֶζԸֱƵѪ
֪˭ָʹģҪԼʹЩֶΣڱѾǻ̫ξֻ̫ξܹһܲ
ƷȻ˵

Ʒһȣζʱ˳ȥֱӷɳ˾ӪķΧ


1788 
̩ؾľӪȻڴӪıԵشĶ˾Ӫ֮פصֵע⡣
ǳƷĻкȻ
Ʒ֮оͲûֱӵǻǬԪˡ
ǬԪھȻ˵ߣֹೡսҲǴʬɽѪ֮гɳģɳĻ䡣
ǬԪļѰ˿ֱӮңעǣԺգ˳˳ˮĳΪ˴Ļʳһһ
ڣӵͳ˧ȻѹǬԪ
ԼĶ䲻۾ῴƷȷʵѹǬԪӡ
ѰޱȵǬԪڳƷУҲˣ
ӺŽ˭
ŵӣǬԪ
е˼ˣǬԪ̤ЩϼһߣѾкЩû˸Һаˣ
ԶĴӪ֮УһһǿϢ໥˶ڿЦϾЩǬԪһٶ𣬿˵̤źܶ˵ߡ
ھУӵڶ࣬ǿ˳۵ͬҲкܶࡣ
ȻƷȻֳʵҲ˸оͬ죬ԭЩ֪ߵغ֮෴ģʵǳǿ
һشһǬصĸ֣ǿɲһܹõģǽ˰ľ
˵УסΪƷˣһ޴ľϲ
֮󣬻˧֮ڣ״˵Ͻ޾ϸȫ˵˳
ߣвˣͬɫʮֵأǵϷŻǬԪ
ʱǬԪһֳֻ°ͣһֻڷϲϵûĿ¶˼顣
˺һħһ㣬ѹ
˵þشˣأĬ֮ǬԪſ˵
үþܹشĻôҵĶ֣
ʮֱߵ˵˵ֱܴ裬ȻƷ裬˵ǰδе顣
δԼȻᱻƷʰôҡ
ƫƫǳƷʵʵǽ˰ľĲ
Ȼǽ˾ƷĳɳٶȻʮֵѸٵģȷϵǣӦҲǬˣĻܹ˵ز
ʱһɫżֵǵ˵
ҲǴ˼ֵǵɫȻǿƷʵȻǲһҪɱƷİ취
ĵȴǳƷʵɳٶʵ̫ˡ
ֱ쵽ǶΪ֮սľĵز
ǿʼע⵽ƷʼŹȥ˶ʱ䣬ȻͿǬֻǬ֮ͼһ֣˵ҲǾ׵ġ
ˣǼöˣ˽ЩͳΪţ뵱꣬׷ǬԪʱҲʶǬԪٶ𣬼һһ仯Ѹײڶ֮ƴеѹǬԪ˵Ķ⣬ǿ𣬴˴ֲ
ڣһ汾ǬԪֵʱǼǱܵľ͸о˾ҵв
Ҫ취ĻһɳȻǺүĸ󻼣
һ˵
ܣүǺεȵţ߹󣬶дˣǳƷʲôҲͺүᲢۣ˲˵
ԺүвҲſ棬˲Ҳˣ
˷˵
ǬԪ֮Ҳֲͷ飬һƷµųƷܿǬϡ
ǺεǰֻЩһľţһ׷ʲôÿһҪںҲøɱˡ
ǾƷεöģһָֻͷͿƫƫ鲻
һƷʲôûϣһεĴɨжǽʱ̫ξҲھ̫ξһУǱҲû취̫ξƤӵʲôŽȥ˭֪һʲôɣֱǷǬԪ˵
ϣǸأΪʲôӰˣĪϷˣ򣿡ǬԪĿϡ
϶ʱһæ˵ܣʦ岻ˣ϶ѰһᣬϾٵĻᣬŹ
Ϸˣ򣬱֪ʲô
ǬԪ˵
ǸƷʱȲùܣȱһͻƣǸʱ򣬱ǵ֣һƷɱ練ƣ


1789 Ǳޣʵ
ڴʱոմϵĳƷȫڱֻˣҲûж٣ܿͶеһ
λʱ䣬Ҳ֪кܶС֮˺ܶЩվֻǼˣϲ̨СѣƷĿɨһˡҵıҺοûбһЩСҡЩҵõһЩҩöܹǵʵ˶ϣȥȴǵһûᣬ漸죬ҪȫչؽЩһΪ龳˭˵طزӲܳΪľ񲿶ӣʱǴһ
˳ƷĻʱзһ㣬Щԭײľ˵Ѿעģûп˿ı仯
ǳƷǴӵԨ֮˻˵ϣǸʱʼû˸Сǣڱ̩֮УҲṷӵĴڡ
෴ģ˱̩УޱĽĴڣųƷŶ̶ʱ䣬ǵ˵һֱӿ˽𵤾
ԼеĻһܶûа취н𵤾
ڳƷṩ㹻ĵҩĹѧرҪʲôʲôһСŵĵҲ˿ˡ
ڸҪһͻƵ龳붼顣
Ҫ֪ԭı̩֮Уκһ龳Ĵڣֻ龳֮ĴڣҲҪĸ߸ϵĴѰ˵ĲΡ
ڣҲܹǸ磬ֱǹҫ棬ҫõĻᡣ
۸ĸܵõõĻᣬõˡ
ĶԴҵȣҵģӽԺ󣬱ؽΪǣΥģú
ȳһǰ
ĶԴҵȣҵģӽԺ󣬱ؽΪǣΥģú
ĶԴҵȣҵģӽԺ󣬱ؽΪǣΥģú

پʿ󺰣ĴӪ΢΢𶯣֮ǰͬƷ֪һǳ׽еľˡ
¶ȵӣڿ¾ĻҲƷĻʹϾƷǴԨ֮˵˵ϡ
ܺãպȻףֻҪҳƷһ첻պҷɻڴҫǳ飡
Ʒ˵ͷ
ѵ˻ƷһЩ֮ǰõĵҩöͳͳַȥ
Щ㹻ñ̩ؾڶ̶ʱ֮һ츲صĳɳЩ̩ؾͨʿɲǳƷӣеʵļףԺܿ콫ЩȱԼĶ
϶δɳޣδپĿ̫Сˣǲ̫ܵġ
Ǳݺ˵ܹе龳Ҳǲܵ񻰣ڿδǶǶ˵Ҳ˲õˡ
ÿ˶ǶĻʳ֮ˣǱģëǣʮһ
˳ƷЩĵҩʱ֮У̩ؾϾͽ˿޵״̬֮С
бĵѯʳƷʱ便ȥΪְء
ƷȻ֪Щѯʱ󲻻⣬ƷʱְصĻô롣
ԴĻʳӵľ˵ޱص飬ӺŽᱻһߣףҿ»پƲá
ƷȻûôɵ˵ԼȥֱӳһͷǬһص޵ͷ­֤Լʱ䲻ȥ֮У׷ɱһͷǬޡ
Ҫ֪Ǭޣ϶ڴĻʳıɱ֮УÿһǬ޵ͷ­ǴһôģĻʳֻľù֣Ҳν
ƷϽһͷǬ޵ͷ­ֱӶס˱ѯʣһ׷ɱĹ¡
Щ˼ȻţȴҲûа취ɳƷϾǬ޵ͷ­õ֤ݡ
Ǽٲ⣬Ҳûа취ֱɣ
ڽʱ֮УĻʳĴɨжڲϳĽеУ˶֪ʱ˶֪ĵطٱ̩ؾڿ̿Уÿ춼дĸִӽ𵤾һͻƵ龳
ҩЧˣǵʵͳƷȻûпɱԣҲΪˣͬǵЧͶԳƷЧҲһĲࡣ
ڳƷͲ˽磬֪


1790 ɨ֮ս
Ȼ˼Ϣ㹻𶯾ӪˣƼĵطϢҲʮ־˵ġ
ڣгƷΣԲû֪ڱ̩ؾľӪ֮Уʲô
ʮʱ䣬̩ؾڱչ֮жɹʱķɿ졣
У֮ǰƷһشϵ𽥱Ƽս֮ϣ˵ÿ춼иָ漣֪ڲпս֮УͬģҲÿÿ˲Ŵӱ
пսĥ˲ţ̣ЧȴǼΪģ˵ÿ춼˴ͨУξΪӺŽͨʿУξǲ
һϣĻʳһֱĺܺãھУһֱ˳ֻͨҪӵ㹻츳㹻սܹ
Ȼ˺٣츳СͱţǱͥУСͽܸ
Ĳ׺黹Ƿëǣɸѡ׺ķΧĻʳľӵʱ򣬻ӴľЩ˾Ͳ
кܶ˴ɣҲǺͬ졣
ͱ̩ؾ飬˵תۼ
ȻǬԪһֱʩӰҪ̩ؾǰߣǻǺܿ챻̫ξˣ̩ؾ˿ֻһĵطӡ
̫ξûôӹĵطȥҲûбҪ
̩ؾһ⣬ǴӪ֮ӪĶǶ߲ӣ̩ؾݵʸûС
ϾڴĻʳݣɾ񲿶Կռ䷨͵ǰǰһ·ֱ
ʲôڲ˵ҲƽǸֱӽſڵĹϵǧΧҲƽǡ
ֻҪһֵǹƥſռ䷨ĸУеΧɺĻ
ʮ֮󣬱̩ؾֱ˷츲صı仯ƷҲûţϰ̩ؾĵҩ
ʮ죬Žȫ龳ȫ˷츲صı仯ǿ֮
ʱ򣬱̩ؾҲյ̫ξľȫҪһɨҲһδɨеһɨ
أ
һֲĺŽ쳹ء
Ļʳһ֮ǰַǲǰǰսĥӵȫ
ϰڰ֮УϰżᶨĲըѿһ飬񷺳
һ֧һ֧ľ񲿶ӣΪͷԶ෽棬ȫ߳ᶨĳɨȥ
ڴĺ󷽳Ʒ߶´һָֻ߸ȭ
ȫжɷ򣬹ֻȡҵȽҵҫĺûᣬնɱޣ壡
Ʒһȣ̩ؾȫʼŴ󲿶ǰ
ĻʳҪʲôıƣֻԾԵʵԺɨһǿС
ɱ
𣡡
˫ֵ˻ŭ쳹أȷļʸӴͬưôһϯ˿
ǰ֮ǴĻʳ֮ĺֲпܼľеľȫʮˣȻ࣬Ƕڵ˵ֱجһĴڡ
Ƕ̶̼Ϣʱ䣬꣬һС
Щ֮ÿһʸŷÿһͬһ㣬һٶ֧ʸиǽ涼һ顣
ļǰܣǺɨ޻ڣǰĴĻʳ񲿶ӣ׾ٵľͿԽڼ֮²д׵նɱΪԼľ
Щս֮ݺޣϰ֣޻֮
ܿ죬ľˣһͷһͷֲžгˡ
ʱеıƶûκôˣΨʵӲӲսڷ
һͷһͷµսֱӺ˴Ļʳİӡ
ЩµսޣÿһͷӵпǬµʵ
Щս޵ĺ棬ľ񲿶ΪĶХϯ
Ȼײڿʼˡ
ܿ죬Ʒڵı̩ؾҲѾսǰߣƷܿͷ˲Ծ
Ļʳľϳһ޴ޱȵ󷨣ͬĥһ㣬Щ޽ɱ
һ֧̩ؾȴûбڣûʹǰ֪ͨӦ￿£
ڰ֮еսǷǳģ
һսǴĻʳߵľͳ˧̫ξУͬԼ˫˫һʵ̫


1791 
ƫƫһ֧ӱˣƷʱɫЩԣʱǵΧԽԽ޾ۼ˹һͷս޴ǧ徫ֱһ֧䵥ľӶ
ȻʣȳԵһ֧Сӡ
ʱڸ߿֮ϣһ֮ܳϣǬԪھ޴ԵĳƷڵı̩ؾ¶˼Цݡ
ȻҲֱʣҪԶֻ֣Ҫϱһ֧޹ؽҪСӣóƷٲ
̫ξ̫ξǵôעһؾĲӣļƻ֮УѹҲûгƷڵı̩ؾһ֡
ȻֱӶ֣ҲóƷ֮ˡ
ϢǷҲûа취ָʲôݺսһܻУ͸˵ֻһССӺŽˡ
뵽ǳװˣƲ֮Уһ֧Ĳװ

ǬԪһ񲿶Ѹײڶ֮Ʒ˽˸ͬʸһ˳ȥֱ䴩һսߡ
гֵֻ֮ͬ򵥵һѣ˲ͽͷӴս޸ն롣
ֲսݺ۳ҵ£˵İ
Σս֮ϣżʣĻʳĵɣӰڶһƽټǬĸ֣ʱͬբͻһɨһǿС
ʱ򣬳ƷĿһ֧СֶӣĿû˿Ķݡ
ݣݣʵս֮ϣݺᣬټһ֧̩ؾʵ˷츲صı仯
ǬԪСֽҪأǲĳ롣
׼Ʒᣬ˵ʱ̩ؾȫó˹ټи
龳ֵĸҲʮ־˵ģ˲һ֧޴Ѿը˲ء
һ֧޵ľȻ࣬ǧǲ൱ڽ𵤾Ϊôȵù̩ؾ
ʱ̳֮Уһʮ¥ߵȻֱӴ͸̳һӳű̩ؾ
Ծӭ
ʱ򣬳Ʒٶȴһľ˵˵ľָӣȻ㲻ʲô
ʱ򣬱̩ؾϷһ꣬긲˱̩ؾϷֱӺӴս޺ݺײһ
أ
һ޴ޱȵĺʶں䶯
Ʒţδ֣пսĥ̩ؾһᡣ
ܵôֲĳ̩ؾʿ˺üȫľֵסôֲһ
˶ػûһΪǺһɢһͷӴսޣ˵ȫȫĲһ
Ʒڴ룬ֻĿš
ž޴ľս֮ľ
ͬʱΧвд˹
أƷǰһΣһӰȻֱӳ嵽ǰ
ֻһѪɫӰһ˸ѣһѪɫĹâѾɨ˳Ʒͷ­
ɣ࣡
һ޴ޱȵһ⣬ֱҪƷͷ­ն

ֻһ޴ײȴ֪ʲôʱ򣬳Ʒֱ̧㵲һǰ
һ쵽˼£ȴƷ׾ٵĸ赲סˡ
ʱһѪɫӰ˳ȴһģӰһѪɫ۷
̣
ȳƼһӾϳ̿͵ݣʱ־ŭֱ̼ǵ죬ս֮ϣȻҳ֡
ֱӾһֻҪƷˣһ֧Ҳˡ
ȻһǬĸ֣
ȳڵΪҲѾǶ龳ڣǶ龳۷ĸҲһ㷴ӦûС
ȻһǬĴ̿ͣ
̵Ĵ̿ͣʱ򣬼ֱǳɵۣû뵽ԼȫһȻûܹ˵Ʒһë
ã
̵Ĵ̿ͼޱȵĿȣҲ֪ߵˡ
ʱҪһѪߡ
ƷЦһʱߣˣ
Ʒ˴֣һӾͽ̵Ĵ̿͵Ĳץס̵Ĵ̿˲ͱץסȫķƲס˲ͱѹסˣһֳϡ
أ
̵Ĵ̿͵ֱӾͱӵ˵ϣͬһһá

Ʒ˵


1792 Ʒ˵ָ
Ǭ̴̿ԳƷʱ򣬼Ǻ޻̵֮Ĵֻ̿ǸոտǬѣǬʵѰǬֻһСľͻ⵽㡣
ϧһ̥
Ʒľ绹ǬսѰǬ治´ġ
˵ߴɱ֮Ǭ֣ɱҲˣɱͿ϶Ǭ֮ײһࡣ
ɱ֮ҪһԶǧƫƫɵǣƷٶȱҪĶ࣬Ӧ˳Ʒϡ
Ʒȴûɱһ̵Ǭɱ֣Ҫ˼ֵҪߵĶˡ
Ͼǰ̵ɱְˡ
һ˵ʵǶ̶̼Ϣʱѡ
ΧųƷ֮жżֿȵ飬˵ʵɲˡ
ҪǸ̸ֻҪķһֽţһץͽһ̵Ǭץɷ
ʵ֮ǿֱ
ȳƵȴӷھ׷ƷķڵӣǿĿɿڴƺЩףΪʲôƷѹҲһˡ
Ż˶ʱ䣬˵߸ϵǬ֣жڳƷС
Ȼ֪Ʒ񾿾ﵽʲôʵǺʣԲٺһ
Ǿ޴ս޺ͱ̩ؾĽ滹ڼһ·̩ؾľ齥ӣҲܿסţܷЩɱޡ
Ʒڴ룬ָӱ任ͣЩ岿ɾ޴ɱˡ
ƽʱϸѵ㵽ְս̩ؾȻǾȻ򣬼ձܵľͿʼ任͡
ܹڹؼʱ̸ıս£һɷʸһһֳڳƷָ֮£׾ٵɡ
Щ̩ؾʿҲ龳ĴڣЩǿ̫ˣ˵ɱ
ͬѪĥһ㣬׾ٵľͽЩɱ޽ɱ
ȳҲĿɿڴĿųƷųƷָͬˮһ㣬幥ͬˮкأ˭óƷھָž˵衣
һոմӾûжõˡ
Ҫ֪ǷȻȻ֮һֱһЩԵǿţȥѡ޵ĺ٣ϾÿоѾķ̫̫ʱ䡣
ʱȥѡ޼Ҳǰ˻飬֪һЩо̵飬Ҳͽ˶ˡ
ҼЩ鶼͸ˣҲ˵裬Ͼľֶǲһ֮Уֻϵӵܿš
ѧĵ޷ҲѧϰһЩ·ɫָмңͻᱻ˸ɵ
ǳƷ⿴ǸոմӾӣٲȻһֵģ͵ıúɱ˶Ȼء
⵽ôģԲֻ츳ô򵥣Ҫдʵսſԡ
Ȼ̸ֻֽս⣬ԶԶǱ˵ô򵥡
Զ֪ƷĵطǺڴĻʳȫͬһط˶ɲţ֪ģ֪˵ÿ˶ȫš
ʵ϶û취ʹĻʳᲢۣⷽ棬ȷʵǴĻʳܱȵ˵ġ
ǳƷԶ˵ټ֮жִڱϣƷԿһҡ
䣡
־ɳ֮£̩ؾľǿһĶ֮һꪺս޵ϣֱӽһͷսͱһԴ
һͷս޲ҽһȻأֱ
˶סˣ⻹ͷһƾԼնɱǬĸ֣
˶оԼ·˵ʲôǶڱʤĴƾղģҪԴԴϵʤۻɵġ
βҪƷǿǵ־ɳǡ
ԼնɱһͷǬսޣҲζҲ˴󹦣Ҳһȹٷָտɴ
뵽˵鶼׷¶˿ϲ飬ûκζֻĮȻʰսһԿռ䷨Щջ
Ʒֻǽһͷս޵ʬץɽͼĿռ֮УһžѪֻͷ­Ķ
漴Ʒһ
ʸ󣬸䴩ߣ
Ʒһ̩ؾ׷׷˷ʸԳƷΪͷʼŷӿ˹ȥ
ԴԴϯ޴ʱ̩ؾڷ˳档


1793 ˵֮ٷ
Ʒ׾ٵľͽǧľһͷǬսնɱҲ֮һЩע⡣
漴ıǧ徫ͬοһ㣬ϯ˷
Щʵ̫£ȻΣսףÿһΪ¡
ǻһľӣֻµҪˡ
ӰΧƷ˷ʸ󣬳ΧȦĻһȦһȦİΧȦγɣԱ̩ؾˣֱ·һ
̩ؾپּĴսǰȻǲģԳƷ̾;󲿶ӵķ£
ʸǰУ
Ʒһ£̩ؾóĳ֧ͬһ㽫ǰĵ·һ飬֪ޱը
Ȼǰ̵ķ
䴩һУҳ壡
Ʒһ£ֱɱ徫ײһ
ԳƷΪףԱߵľȳƵȷڵĸ֣ȻǱ̩ؾ֮еľ٣ǿľվǰǷʸİ塣
Ծǿʵ䴩ߡ
Ʒֱӳһץ֮۳һ˳ꪣƷӶ֮䣬ϺɨһɳĿֲâֱӽǰͷն롣
ܿ죬ͱ俪һ·סһ㡣
ţʲô
ܿ죬Ʒս֮һӰע⣬֮еĸ֣һӵģһֻۣһβͣࡣ
֯ΧĻʳľӣϰսĲӳĸ࣬ͬЩڣսݺᡣ
ЩӸָӣ֪֮еĵλΡ
ֻǸоԼЩָӵĲ˳ܿͷˣڴĻʳһֻ˵ľͻɱȻ࣬ǾȻȫǾ񣬶龳ĸɵľ֮еľ
ʱеɻҲǴ̫ξֱʣӵĴս֮УһеıƶûκģΨʵʵӲӲĹıƴ
˵Сģ񲿶ǲʵϣĺܿŶԡ
˳ֱ
ܿ췢ⲻԣһ֧˵ľûԤϵǰ㣬ܿ챻糱ˮһ޴û
෴ģͻɱȻɱһѪ·ĲĲӣЩ
е˼ٵһһҪ£ӵĿ棬ֱ͸˵ս˳ƷĴڡ
ȵķ֣Ʒսϵ輫ߣȻÿÿܹҵµ󷨵©Ӷһٳ忪һѪ·
ֻǲӵӲĻֻ֮ˡ
˲ţ϶ǴĻʳĸӵܵź󱲳ѰвҪ
һıҵֵϰʦ
֣ǴĻʳ壬ѵô
ǱǼΪģÿһΪټս֮Уǲı
˵ľӪ֮ս֮ݺ۳ҵĳƷ
ܿ죬徫ɱϵģͳųƷķ˹вʮǬĸ֡
Ʒˣ϶޼ɵĳɱеָӹٵעˡ
ΪΧңôĸ֣ǿҡ
ȳƵɫŶˣټԭеĵˣΧȻ徫
˵ս֮У⵱Ȼ㲻ʲôǶ˵ֱһء
ʦ֣Ҫ취ȥĻˣ
ȳæ
ƷЦһһܾöûóˣƽʱô󣬵ʱ
ˣʲô
ƷֱһԾֻоǰһȴֻһͬһ㣬ƨɺȴųβĶ֮һ˲ֱ䵽Щľ֮С
Щּ˲͸оë·һɿµ֮ڽӽҲϷӦ˹֮С
׶֣ϾͲΣյڣ
ǳֻˣǸûмⶫȻҲףⶫжôĿ£ΪֻѰļֻе㲻̫һѡ
ȵȫ£ǲҪأǸʱѾˡ
¡
¡
¡
һ޴Ģڶڱգ˴ء


1794 ̫ξ
˵֮֮ٶȱ
ǿֲĢڱһУҲһУ
ˣ
ǰȳƵˣô֪ƷȻֶΣһĿֲ
û߿ƼȻֻȥˣ
ǺܿĻʳչˮƽԶȻû˵ֶΣҲŹ෨ܡ
һҲֻ֣û뵽ƷȻҲֶΡ
ƷԶϯˣɲǼ˱ĸһС
Щս˵ڳƷɽͼкܳʱˣֻһֱûҵʵĻá
ר׷ɱһˣҲЧ
ĸֻ֣Ҫ˵Σյĸ֪ǳѰġ
ֲҲɱţ龳Ǭĸ֣һ˲ӳ㹻İȫ롣
սԺ˵Ǽɱ˲пָܶв
Ҳǳѣ
ԳƷһֱûãս֮ϣʹս˵õĵطΪЩ֮оþѵĲӣǸо˾ҵΣգǱܵĻǱ˴˿£ɢӡ
ǲӺ͸ֵĲ
ӣƷһ򾡣
ںĵشʮǬĸֱֱڻѪⶼûԶЩҲµıըش
ֻһΣƷ徫
Ʋ֮࣬УǾǾ׵սˣЩ徫ҲȵƷУҪǿĶࡣ
ôĺ˵κβս˵Զĸ֣˵׬ˡ
䣡
֪˭һʱս϶ֻʣ˱̩ؾĻ
ǿɲܳƷôЩǿеģֻ֪ƷһӣһطӾȻܹ˴󹦣Ҳǰ޹˺ˡ
иǶڳƷͶء
ʱڴĻʳӴ֮УһһУݸӵĿҲڳŴķȥ
ƷŪĶҲڽˡ
ݸӣȴǱˣŷɥĴĻʳ񣬴̫ξ
ǴĻʳ߸ϵľһˣƽӼҲΨּĴսп̫ξָӡ
ԭҲûע⵽Ȼһֻ˵ľӣ˵ս֮Уһʵǲʲô
ڣע⵽һ֧СӵĴڡ
طӣ̫ξüͷ΢һ֧ӵļֻףһ㶼װطӵģǶߵһ㶼Ҳ䱸ȫؼס
ϾЩʿ֣ǿ׳ɿǧһؼף
ͨоܺ׵ıսľʲôĲӡ
ҲѹǵԼǩطӵĵϾⲻֻһδɨжֲǵΣ֮ôҲֲطӡ
ֵطսϣܳŹʮӶ漣
ˣҲֻڻҰˡ
ǣһ֧طӾȻӵвʵÿһʿ붼龳ĸ֣ɲһĵطӣڽ֮УҲǾеľ
ʱ˼Ȥ׼ȷ˵һ֧طӵУξȤ޴ķ
̫ξľ֮ϵֻһ۾֪ȱݣսϣȴʧΪһս
ϰһ֧ӵϸ
̫ξֱӿ˵
ܿ죬Ѽϣ͸̫ξ
̫ξӹֻɨһеݣʱͶˡ
ڣƷ
֮УƷĸ϶Ѿ뱸ƷŴɣ²һ궼ʱ䣬Ȼܹ̳һ֧ӣȷʵе⡣
йڳƷΪʲôᱻԭҲ¼ڰ
ǬԪ
̫ξ۾صģǬԪְȨӰĵƷս
ҶŻóƷⱩ¶ı֮¡
ȥǬԪ˽Ϲٺһ꣬ɸְ죡
˵߸ϵǬԪ̫ξ˵ʲôⲻСʹˡ
ͬʱ
ôܣʲô
ӣӪָӶһӱɫˣȫû۾գգһ£ּս֮У˼ʮϰѰ
ںرķڷʱ򣬾Ȼûһǰ㷨ĲܹͻȻϮĸԭΪһ׶ûС


1795 һ
۹⵱Ȼĳַڵǹƥ˵ʲôǶھۼĴ˵̫ɱˡ
־񲿶ӣɾˣսӣɵն
ĻʳľӾɭϣľҲȻҰѱǾХɽֵȺôʹĻʳԿ
ȻܶڴĻʳܵľϵӶܶǰͷĻʳľ齨Լľ񲿶ӡ
ܹʹĻʳ෬Կĸԭڡ
ԽǾ񲿶ӣֹԽû취Щ񲿶ӣǽ𵤾֣֪ȻʮģȻܹ׵ĸ֪ΣգϿľͺͳѵǲܣֻԼԿ
ַΪΣյĵط
뵽֮Į飬ǸĻʳľĶģضܾ
һߣǬԪ徫֮һ޴ȱڣɨһС
վڳ֮ϣ߸ϣͬһ㡣
ֻʱʱִһЩǬֵв˵ЩҲǼˣʲô
أע⵽ڴ࣬һĢڶ𣬼ңԶܹ׸֪
漴Ŀʹ͸սݺ۳ҵĳƷ
Ȼû
ǬԪüͷ壬ΪƷӦ͸Ľ֮£˭֪ȻţȻܹݺ۳ҡ
뵽ε¶ϵɱ⣬ʱ֪̫ξѾ˷ٺĴ֪ĻҲ⡣
ۣٺ»ֻǽˣ㲻ʲô
ӾȻǿҪ취к󻼣
ʱƷ֪Ϊ˵ĹϵѾ˴ĺ֮Ĺע
ʱոԺ˵徫ɨƽ֮󣬳Ʒһٱ̩ǺؾŴķȥ
ںƽ֮ǵǰ·ȻҲûܹ赲ˣӦ˵ûгɽƵľܹ赲ǵǰ
ڳƷ˵ǰԭγƵľֱӷֿһȱڣƺڻӭǻعһ
̩ؾ¶ʱҲ¶ϲɫƮʱٸΣΣˡ
أʱ򣬳ƷͻȻоһ־ҵΣ˲併٣ָоӽŵװһ·ֱԣ׹ߡ
ã
Ʒã̧ͷһȴ֪ʲôʱ֮ϣȻһֻϰٹ֣һֻ֮ͬƣ͵һ
ϰٹһֻǺεȿµ飬ͷ·һɽݺҪظѹıˡ
Բϰٹڣе˶оһǰδеĿֲѹǶã˵Ƿˣ߶ǳ롣
ֻǹԹԵ
ָоǸоһ˲䣬ͷ·ǹȥһһ
Ǳ̩ؾܱĻʳľ񲿶ҲֱӵͬʱһµϢҪ֮ԿǶûá
ⷽԲϰٹ֮ڣͳͳҪ飬󲻴档
ʱ򣬳ƷһХָо̫£·һһµĸ֡
ƷûֿµĴڣ޵С
ĴȣǬԪĴڣֱС׼ˣᲢۡ
ԳƷڵʵǬԪҲߣһֱֻּ¼ˣѹһ
ǵһֵεĸ֣
Х֮ɽͷϻһֲĽͬʱϣͬʱ˳׼ȫնһ
־ܣܣ
أڳƷעһ¶ȫҲҪֵֿʱȴ֪ʲôʱһԼĪָϸâֱӽһֻ˷ԲϰĿֲһӶ
䣡
һֲֻձը˿µγ硣
˼˲͸оͷѹһʧʱϲæóǧﶥֵסϯĿ硣
쫷֮УƷ·죬ĺ󱳶ˣղǿֲһҪأȻɽͼ֮С
ܵľüɽͼĿռ֮ҲףϾǬԪа취ɽͼռ֣οǸµĴء
оһµ飬Ǿһֻ־ǳģȻǸ˷Բϰ˵ΧڴķΧ֮ڣĸо
ƶһ϶ǳģˣܵˡ


1796 ˼
ûκԵɣûκףǳƷԼжϣжϿ϶ģضɡ
תһ룬ˣս֮УĸʵǿҲûãܹﵽղųֵǰʵ
ûʲôֱ
Щ߸ϵĴУֻ¸ʲôʲôֱ
Ǿ£Ǳˣ˸ղŶ˺˵֮⣬Ҳ̫ԭˡ
Ĵɱֻս˵Ҳ㹻Ӱһս۵ƽˡ
ƷϻսԺ˵Ļս㹻һˡ
Ȼ˵˵޵ˣ֮УܹŴͻеķԿ˵
Ҫ˵չԶʤĴĻʳˣͻϮĻȷʵ£κηҪ¡
ղžһâֻĴָϸϸȴʤһ
Ƕｻս
ƷʱֻоͷѪڷڣ˸ղŵ飬ǵûк£ֻޱȵܣһ˿ɵйһ˿ɵйʵ
֣Ӷͨ󱲳֣ǾΪ
ʱһӵ֮͸¶żԵá
̫ξˣ̫ξˣ
˶ʱ׷׷ӳ˹ղųֵ̫ξˡ
ս֮ϣԼҲֻ̫ξܹǧһ֮ʣ˸ɡ
ߣ
Ʒæ˵ű̩ؾ˱ľ֮С
ңԶӪ֮УǸ۵ӿųƷ˽˴ľӵı֮Уɵ΢΢̾һϧˣʵ̫ϧˡ
ֻһ㣬ͿһӽǳƷˣվûгɹ
Ҳ֪γ֣϶˴̫ξע⣬´ҪʵʩͻϮǲܵġ
Ǵ̫ξȻʱʱ̹̿עߵҲȷԼ֮ǰһ²⣬ǾС϶ѰʲôҲµš
ͷпиıսƽ
뵽ʱ˵ȫ׷ղǸСݣܽ°ãܵĻ͵ظɱڣ
ܹƷ°ӹһֶóƷΪãϾ˵ǵķҲʲôΪַ֪
°ӲǾֻʹ͵ظɱˡ
ڴĻʳ֮лҪ̵ģ֮лѴ̵ĿҲڴˡ
ԶսĻʳľ񲿶׽ɱ˫ãÿʱÿ̶дľ
۾գգһ£ֻ΢΢̾һ̫ξһңҲڱռʲôˡ
ȥ׼˳ս˶Ϻӣһ֮ȫ˳ս
һûڴ̫ξռʲôˣĿҲͬﵽˣĻʳľӽôɨӣֺγˡ
ȻûռʲôˣʧҲ󣬻ԳܵķΧ֮ڡ
˫ôγĬ
ʱڴľӱ֮У̫ξֶղһȷʵֵģҪڹؼʱע⵽˳Ʒͷŵĺ˵֮Ҳôɵĳ֡
Ͼ˵Ŀ£Ψˡ
زȻףһεĴɨҲýˡ
ܿ죬ͻ˾ˣڻʹˮһ
ǽôΣͶԱ˴˵жָơ
ȥ׼˱ҪԤ֮⣬ȫѹϣʹˮҪ岿ӶһЩ
أ漴ֿ˵̩ؾУξƷΪԶλͬƷ齨ԶԱһˣ鲹ԱףԶԱƷύ˹ûһ׼
ԱߵʱҲЩȻĿŴ̫ξǴĻʳ֮оеһˣ±Ԫ˧нƷϵĸ߼٣
ԶλͬƷλȨأڴ̫ξּ˵ȻֻһСˡ
Щ߸ϵҪݼ̫ξҪǰԤԼпܡ
һ֮£֮ϵĴ
ھȻСĽʱǸгƷЩĿ࿴аԽּ£β̫ξԸ飬Ȼ˿æȥˡ
̫ξĿ棬·𿴴սڷɱĳƷϡ
ڣƷݣ̫ξ۾ϣҪʧ֮ҸֱֻһǬԪǲģһ֦㲻ǴٻŲ


1797 ǬԪľʵ
ڳƷǬԪìܣѼ鱨֮Ҳصڴ̫ξֲε˵ⲻֻС¶ѡ
Ļʳ֮иìܲϣ֮͢ʮ֮еط֮Ǻͺķ֡
۹ͲһһصĵʧǷ£ʸֵģǹϵȴǲࡣ
ĺ֮У̫ˣȵǸʱֻһǬԪιϣƷҪʧ̫ξ˵ֻԼܹ
СѾͷˣҲգֱ棡
ƷȻǲ֪ս֮뷨˵ֻǲϵͻɱս֮Уʱ͸оԼĴϾͺõĶˣ֮ǰǰң°˷ȫǵˡ
ڣң£Լˣֻǰǵˣ֡
ҲǾΧԶԻҡ
ܿƷͽӵ̫ξľȫʹˮ
Ʒڴ֮ϣһսǰҵֻ񳯣ɱ
ʱ̩ؾƴǣųƷɱ˳ȥ
ڴʱսһߣǬԪĿųɱ֮еĳƷݾȻ΢΢ЩŤøߵϵҲɫ䡣
ԴǬԪʼĮ֮һжƿ֮УûʲôܹǺȻʧɫز
ƷˣǼܵĸоƷδضǬԪС
ǬԪҲЩѿƷⶼû֮ǰ̫С˳ƷһµĴ̫ˣÿһζΪ߿˳ƷС˳Ʒ
ѰˣֻóƷ̫ˣǶĸ˵ǲνģһο˵δˣǾͲˡ
ƷٲȻҲд֮
ѲܹʱĻ룬ʲôʱͻȻпܡ
һ̫˽ⲻˣΪԼҲڣ
ƷˣҪչزԳ֣ҪΪԾʹ׹أʹشˣҲ֣ҲҪ
ǬԪ˵ΪĻʳһ֮еһ֮ȻѰġ
漴ͽĿ˻ֱӿԶ֮Уһɫ׵᳤꣬ǹңңš
ͷϾȻֻһĶͬһͷһ㡣
ǬԪŹͷˣʲôһһˣ˵˰ƳΪһһˣҿɽϻӳưˣҰ֪ʲôɽɽˣ
վŵĽɫƬ˿żơ
һ԰ˣҽ֪һ£ǲͽ
һ˲䣬ǬԪֱӴ˳ȥǰİȻһųһ壬ʵȴֻ֪ѪĶ԰ˣʲô
̫䣬Ѿˣˣ
̫ʮ֮УһȻ¡
һ嵽ѪʲиǸ֣Ҳÿһ˶۸ڶǬԪĸ֣ҲڰС
䣡
гǹѸײڶ֮ƳǬԪķֱӵ˳ȥһǹƻһһ㣬ҪǬԪɡ
ǬԪǿҲ᳤һâնͽһն

ǹ볤ײһһֻһɲǼѣʱֻоԼػ˫۾ȻѿѪ罦ѡ
ڸѪģ
ô
ŵ˵ΪԼʵӦúǬԪ£ΪǼΪǬԪ
˭֪Ÿոս֣Ȼͱһ˫ش
㡭ͻˣ
ŵ˵ĻҲɣȻֻһ磬һͻ֮󣬾֮
ʱʱãܵľߡ
ǬԪЦһδҲˣնҲˣҪһң
ɲǼ䣬ǬԪٶȳˣ᳤նĵâһɽХ̶Ǽеʱ䣬ͽƵ˾·
չֳԼΪһֵķɡ
ʱﻹпʼʱ緢ȻΪҲǬǸǬԪĶֻ֣м֮޷֡
ֻǶ̶̼УͱǬԪһնɱ
׷룡


1798 ȫչأӦһ֮Լ
Ʒ֮ǣǴ̤ĺˣҲûбֳƣһг˵ʮ־Ȼ򣬵ĲƴֿĲǾȻĺˡ
ֻƷͿóָߣȻҲһңͬΪҳƷ
Ҫһ֧ӾȻĽѵģѵһ֧ӾȻĺ˶ᵼȫ
İڳ˵;Уֱӱ˴ܣ˵֯˵ļ峷˻ܹȻ
ǳƷҲòզ࣬ȷʵиˡ
Ļʳߣ̫ξҲǷͬˣɱҲϺĲʧء
Ʒ챦̩ؾҲ˳ٶնɱ˺üͷǬ޺ǧ徫
̩ؾ¾һɱҲ¶˼־ķɣӵޱȵţ˵ǰЩ߸ϣ߲ʵĴڣͳͳն¡
Ҳûб⻹ܹĵˡ
ɱǧ֮󣬴ľҲձûм׷ɱȥĻпķĻʧ
һεĴɨջҲѾˣǰľ񲿶Ҳõ˳ֵѵ
ձӪ֮󣬺ܿ죬о£ֱղͬĴ򷵻ԭפ֮أҲҪɢء
ȻЩ֮У̩ؾΪرģΨһһ֧طӣܿر̩С
ڳƷص˱̩֮󣬺ܿ죬̫ξĽ֮
ӻԶȻӺŽλѾȫͬˣƷһֽߣǳ͢һԱǿп޵Сˡ
Ʒ´󹦣նɱǬ޶кܶ࣬ǳֻ»ܹһҲпܡ
ҲǳƷ֮һܹնɱǬޣһǬĸ֣Щ˱λѾܸˡ
ǳƷӵײһԾԵóƷǳ⡣
̩ؾӪУƷӦ˳ףĴ֮⽫ȳ
ʱȳҲϲһΣǳƷͣӦ˵̩ؾ£ͳͳнҲһƷӺŽ
ȻֻһƷӺŽȻʵڴĻʳУ龳߲ʤö٣ܹӺŽҲֻһС֡
ǳھзۣ๦͵ģô̵ʱھͽĿʮټġ
Ҳǹҫˣ
аңѡƷʵ̫ˣȻĻڿֻܻǷ֮һʽС
ϲڽΪԶӾǬԪҪԽҲûôˣ
ȳƵ
Ʒ˰֣˵ⲻǸոտʼѣ
Ҳļˣ˵ŲǸոտʼѡ
ղ̫ξĽҲ˰ɣǱ̩ؾҪΪԶʱҲԱ̩ؾΪǼܣǱҲᾡ콫ѵϵ±Ʒ˵±ֻ±ѣҪҪʱ䣬ʱҲҪرѵʱҪ鷳ˣ
ţˣȳæ˵
̫ξ˺ܴ󷽣еְλھ鶼дͷսˣһǸҲڵʱĻ͵ͬҵĻƷ
ȳޱȼ֮ǰû뵽ЩΪ˵Ĳӣ֮ǰı̩ؾˣǳֻǵͼٶѣλӸλͷսһٵĿԷǳ
ǳ֮ǣ̫ξδսһȫɳƷָ
ȫͬˣ
£Ҫȫչأսһһ֮ԼеҪеˣ
Ʒ˵
뽫ģ
ȳæ˵ʱѾȫĳƷܵˣ˳ƷͶʱֶΣף֮ǰһƷһʱ䣬ֱĴ
Ѱ˵һı䲻ʲôǶڳƷ˵㹻ı䵽˶Ϊ֮ĵز
ڽ֮󣬳Ʒ˱չص״̬ȫ˱չص״̬
ͬʱĻʳ۶С
ǬԪ׷ߣϵһá
˵鶼ΪƣΪǶ˵ˣƷƷӺŽΪƷԶ顣
ȻĻʳ˵ȻʲôϾĻʳ֮нףҪþλΪȴǼΪѵ顣
ǬԪҲǾ˲֪ٴսڷ˵ȻһϢ


1799 ǹ鷳
Ʒ˵һСǿһԳƷĳ֣кüˣǳƷȴǻġ
ھȻΪ˶ƷԶ
˵һ޴ķ̡
ǳƷʵԽԽǿ֮˵ҪԸƷҪĴҲԽԽˡ
ǣڣԭֻǻɳƷʵѾͻƵǬôڣѾȫȷˣƷʵѾȵĿǬ
ǲǬһ˵ҪҲһǳҪķˮ롣
ֻһ龳ĻôˣڷڣʲôΪͷ
ǲֻһСѣڸ߲ע⵽С֮ţڷ̫̫֮ˣ˵ڴĻʳ£Ǹ֮ͬꡣ
һǬ֮֮Уһ֪Сˡ
ҪԸˣҪСģڵĸ棬ϾҲʮ֮һӵеʵԶǬԪ֮ϵġ
ǰ׿ײףһϢûУ
ʱһǬԪ׷ȿ˵
ʱϵҲмΣҲΪȵ顣
ʵϣ˶Ѱȵ䣬ȴҲȵټԭɣǲ˳ƷĶ֡
ȻָʺܵͣôĿԣϾƷڿĪ⣬թ˶ϳԿˡ
Ȼǰʱ䴫Ϣȴ˵ʮ׶֮пȵ䡣
ĵ˵ȴ¾ŵǬ֡
Ϣʱȫŵģ˶ǿھһ£ݵ
˵ѾкüŵĴǰǹѯˡ
Ǻܶʵǹᶼ£ǹʵȻǿȴʮžԵʵ޾κв
˵ǹ£Ѿͷö˵ŵĴڴǰ·ϣ͸˵նɱĸ֮лаħ֣Щ˵ͷҲһһ
ҪӦЩˣ㹻ǹһˣδ֪ҪӦ鷳
˶ĵȻǹȣϾòԼװʩչĻХǹѾﵽ˴ɾ磬Ծǹĺؼ
Ҫ˵ǹȣҲܣ
㼴ǹҲòϣϾХǹһֻдﵽһλ˲ſܵõڣǹ֮УҲֻʮ˴ɾ硣
ûа취ģ
ǹµǲڳƷϣΪͻȻͬʧķһɱֽ֮ԼűӰ죬Ÿոտʼ֡
뵽ʵѾ˳ƷϣǴֵˣҲǳƷѡ
ⱾҲǳƷǹ鷳һıˣϾڵʵԽǹֻȸЩС鷳ˡ
ЩܹǬûһ򵥵ģвٺǹȣҲǺѷɫЩҪʦǹ˵ѹҲǰδеĴ
ƫƫǻȥûİ취
ʦ¿϶ԼĴ㣬˼ǲ׷ģϵʱҲֻӲϣȻҲ֪ȾʲôĿġ
ʱȻܳǺ֪
ˣҲʲô㣬ǸƭңȻḶۣǬԪ˵ƷⲼȻѾԶ̫ξߣҵȲ֣˵Ǹڵһνһ֮Լ
ǬԪûԶֵĴ㣬Ϊ֪֮ǰСѾ̫ξĲ
Ȼ߸һһ֣Ǻʹ̫ξ֮
ֻһһˣǴ̫ξȷʵϵĸ֮һļ֮һ
ִ±̫ξŭֻһ£ľλװᡣ
͢ҵһŵǸף̫ξĸ֣ζʲô
ʱۼ̫ξһ棬ħһ
ͬһ㶨סĻʳķ嶼
ȻӲ䣬Ҳףʱʹ̫ξĲࡣ
֪ȷʵνһ֮ԼǸʱ˶ƷڿһȻͿǬȴҲδػǳƷĶ֣
ʱϵƷĽթ㹻̵ӡ


1800 ͻƣǬ
һ飬ȻСƷĻǶ̵衣
ԭһӦȲʤȯȻڿһҲδˡ
̫ξ˶飬ҵҪ֣ȷʵûôףڽһ֣Ʒõİ취
ʱ˿˵
ڳƷʲôʵû֪һҲȲʤȯ˵ĵ˵
֪ˣϣȫȨңȥһ̸Ӧû֪ҵ˼ǬԪ˵ܳƷʲôʵʱһҪһΣҲҪڿʲô⣬ô
æͷ˵ˣү
Ҫչˣ
ǬԪ˵ֱ꣬󲽿˷䡣
໥һۣĿ⼯еϵϣҲףһ飬ǹˣ䲻ǬԪ߼ֲ١
취ֲ֪ж˻Ҫȡڵλء
Ͼ׷һһһ֣еĺôȻӹɡ
ͬʱƷ֪ǬԪڳıһξɱļƻɽͼĿռ䣬һµʱ䡣
ʱ䣬ʵչʮ־ˣ˵ԻһٶȣΪֻ֪ϾҪ
һµʱ֮Уڲϵǿл
δ˵ǷǳҪġ
һµʱ䣬ǳ׹˶龳۷ΪҪʼǬ
ǬͶ龳ȣűϵĲ࣬˵ͨͻƵٵĻôǬ֮һ츲صı仯
ֱͻƵһǧ꣡
Ǭ컯ĵһͻޣͨޣޡ
ڶ龳֮Уܹﵽ༫ޣȫҪͻơ
Ǭ綨
ز೤Ļʳ֮еĴڡ
ѾʸΪһţһʳػţԼһǧңһ˾һȺ
Ͷ龳ȫͬһ
ǳƷǾ͸ˣʵԶһҪʮͻƵʱȻҲͱһҪʮ
ٶУҪʮܹͻơ
Ȼٶȣ˵ҲȻǿĲˣϾƷͻôС
ͷһö̥ʱúͻƣ
նɱ˹ӵĽóͻ֮УЧΪġ
Ʒֱӷ̥ʱܹоһɿֲ֮и˳˺
Ҫÿһϸɢ飬һӴһܹĿ¡
˼ܹоҪɢ
̥壬һʵ̥ǣһͨϵ̥ǣʵεԾǨ
ڣƷǸоɱ䣬ֲ̺С
ƷҲֿƾһӴԼ˺ѻѪ罦һ˲䣬
ϱ˺ѣϱḶ֮́УԽǿ׳
һѾ˳ƷҪƷ궼˺ѿ
һ˺ѣһ
ҲǵһνӴҲǺͶ龳ȫͬһз˫ޣ㹻ǿ֮󣬾Ҳڲϵɱ䡣
Ҳ֪ȥ˶ãһµʱ䣬Ʒ۾ʱһǰȣֱ˷츲صı仯
廯һɼǣ͸һһɫͬһһ㡣
˵ľò˾޴ı仯ͬһ㣬Ƥ͸һ㵭ĽɫƤϷһ
ڣͻƵǬˣ
ƷһһµĿޣ̥ȫҩΪԼԼɱݵȫ
ܹоԼ̺֮Ŀֲ˵ڵʮ֮ǰ
⻹ֻһ֮ңͻƶѡ
ʱܵˣ龳ǬһϵĴڣȫ˷츲صı仯
ܹоӿżҪ
Ҳԭ˷츲صı仯ֻǺѰȣǧ֮ࡣ
ǺεȺ˵飡
Ҳζųʱһ˵ʱ䣬ơ
һǬܹоԼҲǿʮصĸ
ɱȫλģ
̥ǣ


1801 ս
ÿξͻƣһȫλģͷβԾǨ
Ͽ׾𳬹ԼİٱĶԼصͬĶѾܳˣȴһŲһȺϡ
С˳ƷĸһǿϾԾԽԼһǧĶҲֲһŵѹ
ԼǳƷԽսǬԪʱȻҲòϣȷʵмޡ
ͻƵǬԪͬĲ棬ڵǬԪ档
ڣͻʲôƿǶȫµԼεԾǨ
ңںǬԪվͬһϣ
ƷЦЦñˣֻ̫ˣǬԪѾǬЩ꣬ƷŸո̤Ȼ˵ԼǬԪվͬһϣֱǿԴ
ֻгƷ֪ʵսܺǬԪԶ˵üʮϡ
ǬÿһĲ࣬ǲԵģƷԽսҲмޡ
ֻϵս࣬ʵϻ೬ԽֶΣǳƷֳԽսһЩԽޣȴԱӵм˺ֶΡ
ֶΣǬԪľţҲȥԣ˵ѹͲʹõֶΡ
Ϊ˵ֻҪͰУߵǿóȻʹֶ˵˸Ӷ߲ǿǲʧ
ǳƷȴνͻƵǬ֮ʼֱ˷츲صı仯ѾŻʼս־˵ʶǿףںһ̫ڤ˵ʣָǿס
Ѱ˵Բе˵ҲֻҪʱͿԻָѰ˵µȼ˵Ҳνģǧͬһҹĸһ޼ɵʹĳЩɵֶΡ
ȻǱҪҲʹֶΣ
ϾҲûԼʲҲΪһӵĿԴֱӵһʱĻô
Ѿˣ͵ǬԪʱͨǬԪҲֻܶӣЩնɱȡ
ڳƷѾֶοԿǬԪһвֻʱѡ
ֽѾ⣡
ҲûʲôɱԹģǲ֪ĳɳ˻¶ѹԭһԲϣвǵĴڣǿһǺͯһǳˣվѾһΣˡ
ǿҲֲĺͯһ
˵ͻƵǬ֮󣬼ǳսԺɨǬصĸ֣ٱ꣬ʽһӣǬصĸֶѷɫ
ͻƵǬ֮󣬳Ʒʽһټһ̫ڤ˵ʣָӱ̬ʱ䣬ԭʮȻ̸ϺܳҲ㹻һսˡ
һĳЩɵֶΣսٶһҲǿԵģǳƷ˵ģǬԪվͬһϵĸԭ
ǬԪò˶ãսһսƷһЦڣʱһˣ
Ǭǿô
˭ǸǬƵģ
ƣ뵣ͬ˼ɾһ㡣
ڷڴ󲿷˵Ѱһ죬ںܶ˵ȴͬ
Ʒ壬һϲ
ΪƷ֮洫һոճأٿһ軰ᡣ
ȻֻǼ򵥵Ĳ軰ᣬһ⣬Ǭ洫ӡ
ҲζţһҲ½洫ӵݣʽܵЩƵ洫ӵĳϡ
Ҳǰμ軰ᡣ
Щһ׷ߣҲüĺô
һεĲ軰ᣬһڷ֮еĵλҲвСʶϵ
Ʒ£˶æµû˸ϳһӣ롣
Ҳһһ軰ᣬֻ˿ԲμӵĲ軰֮⣬ƷϻϯҲ֮еŵӺ;Ӣӡ
ŵӣѹҲûʸʢ֮С
ϯĻ᳡Уһ°׳ۣӢͦȺ֮д󣬲һһȺǰ
Щ£ŮеΪ׵һԼĪŶʮ߰ģŮӣŮ毺ãĸڳҲ˵Ľ㡣
ϴƷóȻһӢӣȻ洫ӣӢڷ֮Ҳһˡ


1802 ֪ߵغļһ
ЩŮҲΪ׵ŮΪģǸ°ɫ۵˹æ֡
裬ô
һЦˬʵǰһһȭؿڣ˵
˼ˣ
ΪӺףЩ˼˵
ϯûʼѵõĻᣬΪʦֵһֲ軰ᣬҲóٵĺöЩƽʱѵһĺö
ǸЦˬʵЩ㽵˵
Ȼŵӣ϶ŵ֮е׵ĴڣеԴ޵ģƽҲԲ̫õĶ
Ψָ߲Ĵϯʱǲſ˳ԵһЩĺö
Ϊ˳ӣЩҲԴγãǰ˵ϯϳһ٣ȵһµĿޣȻҲôǰ䷹ˡ
Ҳÿ˶ʸǻǰʦӣǰμϯ
ɰ洫ӣʱ̲ס˵˵洫Ǹ߸ϵĴˡ
ŲãҲ˵洫ӵĻʳĸ֮УĴ
ǰЩˣⱲܳΪӢӾͺˣܣ˵ǳΪ洫ˣ붼룡
˸п˵ǵ϶мȻϾ磬Ƕٶ֮ڷ֮УȻֻܵס
ĲǲŬκζֶһ
ߣһשͷҵＶš
ǷĴĻʳʮŵ磬ССܹᲢ۵ġ
ʦ㣬һζˣȻлμϯ
˿˵
ʦֻЦЦȻһǸΪ꣬˵ҲֻмֱˣܴҪΪŮղ̨ʦҲμ˲軰ᣡ
ʦҲӹᵽղ̨ʦʱϻ¶˼ֽ顣
ղ̨ʦ㶼ˣǰûڵʱ˵ղ̨ʦͷ洫֮УǴɣû뵽ξȻμӲ軰ᣬʦֵ̫ˣ
˾Ȼ˽ղ̨ʦݵģڷڵ洫֮Уһ
Ҫʦ㣬Ҳֻղ̨ʦһ׷߶ѡ
Щ˾͸˵ˣ׷߶㲻ϣֻղ̨ʦΧеһӡ
Ϊһ½ŵŵӣܹôͿһɽҲǲ׵ġ
ǣ֮ǰʦղ̨ʦһΣǻˣ
ʦЦ˵
ɣ
ʦ˷׷ҲƵģΪʦԱߡ
ΪҲߣֱʦԱߣм̹Ȼģ
˺ö洫ӣʮŵ洫Ҳ˲٣εĲ軰ĹģС
軰ĹģԽҲʹԽʦȻΪ洫ӵʱ䲻ʮ궼ûУʵȴǼ죬˶δأ
һβ軰֮ʦҲҪί˰ɣ
Χһβ軰
ЩУΪ꣬ȭ漴ʦʦ㣬˵ʦֲǺͱһ֮Լô
һ֮Լʦ֮¶˼ɻ飬ü΢
˵һ֪ߵغľӢҪսʦְɣ
أһͻȻʲôƵġ
ȻһЩ֪ʲô˲֪顣
ûõĵ¶˼ֲ飬洫Ӷ˵Ǹ߸ϵһ㣬ʲôˣȻս
˼˵Ŀⶼ˹ʱЩ˵һǰиŵĵӣȻʦ֣ʦַսһ֮Լʦֿûкƽϰˣһܹ꣬սʦ֣Ϊ˭תô
Ǹڵļһˣ
¶˼ֲм飬֮жٻм־֮ɫǵãһǰЩŵ֮Ҳ˼Ĳνһˡ
νһ֮ԼܿͱˣϾ˫һ洫ӣһʱֻŵӣڳҲǾӢӵļһ
˫ͬһϣҲû˾һƷҳսʦ֡
һʱ֮УǸһʧһɶţ˵ȷʵȷǵ뷨
һ֮Լʱ䶼ˣҲû֣϶Сµˣ
ܣˣ
Ϊһӣʱŭ


1803 ﲻһѵ͵Ʒ
˶ΪͻȻһ˶û뵽ͻȻ
裬ʲôʱǸڿ̸꣬ҲͻȻһ
ǸΪǺһʶԼʲôæֻǲ᲻սӰˣϾǱˣʱʮӵݰڵģȻ̵ʱ֮ڳΪӢӣ㹻ʸ
¶˼ּЦ顣
裬Ҳ磿Ǹʱˬ˵ǸƷʲôϵҪôά
ԣݣҲݣòǺʲôϵɣǸЦ˵ǵСĻսˣҪΪ绤
ˣ˵䣬ǳƷҲ˵첻֣ҲʧΪһ˽ܣϾҪһʵԶԶǿԼ洫ԣ֮٣ʱҲԱٰ֮ˣʱʦ㿪˵
ʱҲǳƷǺηʥˣһǰȷʵŵ֮Ȼ󲨣ЩӢ֮ж˲СĲ
ҲòϣƷǰ;һеǰǳƷһ¡
һ洫ӣƷڷ֮лл·
һ֮УƷͶȥˣһɴ˿ɼһˡ
δһֻԽԽǿƷٵĴҲԽԽǿ󣬻δҲʲôǰ;
һжڵ洫ӵ£ڷôʷ֮Уδܹ⡣
һ˫˳裬֮˼˶óղųļټֶݣֻ˫Ĺϵǳ
ʦ㣬ǸƷ֪ߵغʦ֣Ժڷڻʲôǰ;ھѾһˣҷȰЩˣҪʹԣ
Ǹе˵Ҳ
ųҳʲô飬ֲ˵ʲô˵
¶˰ɣǸƷʲôϵǸЦ˵
ǳ˶٣Ȼҧҧ˵Ʒҵֳ
ʲô˾˸ţǳƷȻǸų·һڵĴܹһӢӵܹǵĴڡ
ȻƷǲһѵǾǵƷô
ԭ
ʦȻ˵漴ҧҧ촽ԺᣬǳƷе࣬ϹϵδǺ£
ʦ㣬ѾˣҪֳˣ˵ֳ֮ǰѾȹһΣҲԮ
㡭û취ɣȥղ̨ʦ㣬ղ̨ʦǸƷǳƷ츳ҲʸΪղ̨ʦ׷ߣĊ㣬ʦҲôģʦ룬˵վûܺĶ˵ʲô
ʦ㣬¶˵ҲΪѰɣһһ˵ʦ㣡

ʦʱ־ŭʱʲôܣ֪һ洫Ǻεصôн½ӣʦҪɱֻҪƤӵѣǾӢӣʦҲΣ
迴ʦ㣬ижȻʦô˵ǵ˶ĸϵֲɵӣôʦ⣬ֻ⣬ѹҽʦĺ⡣
ҲˣЩеӿǴżĽʺޣʦһˣԼʵǿǾӢӣ˵󻹿ղ̨ʦôһɽ˵Ƿ䡣
ƫƫ֪ôľͿûκݱСӣһһĶá
ľĻͲѻ˵̫˺ͳƷйأҾʹˣղ̨ʦҲûã
ʱһȴ֪ʲôʱһԼĪʮ꣬°׳۵ӳ˸ޱĮֻпʱ¶˼Цݡ
ܣľ־ŭĿųǰѸ٣ųܻ˭
ʦ㣬Ȱ㻹ʶʱΪܣǳƷʦ֣ﻹʲô³Ҳܣ
ų֮дżַ飬ľ֮мְĽ벻ףСӵʲôõģԴţʦħһĶãİٰʾö޶á
ãããųû뵽ȻСˣ
ľļ򶶶
Ǹ㣬ǰץˣǲе̫˵㣡
ľ漴תǸˡ


1804 ӵĲңһ
ľҪղ̨ʦһӣǴ¹سƷʦԽ飬ɲҲˣ˵Ȱ㲻Ҫͼղ̨ʦ㣬Ļղ̨ʦ㻹ܸԤΪôһŵĵӣղ̨ʦܺʦַô
㣬Ϊ˭ڻûˣץ˾ץˣ޷ˣľһͨ죬
ľҲϵˣ㻹֪ôʲôĻʳķܹܵõҷڣ洫ӵĻ
Цһ˵
ʱߵĶҲΧμĵӵע⣬ڳĲֹоӢӣŵӣܿ˾ʲô
Ʒһһ֮ԼȻʱƣΪǵǺ䶯һʱġ
ڿô꣬ŵӵ洫ӷս⻹ͷһ⡣
ʱƣľƽȥ֮ƣȻҲǲʤö٣Ʒûסһˡ
һŵһھ߱սһʵǸܵģһԱѾ漣ˡ
ºƷһ¼һŵĵӾֱܹӽΪӢӡ
ͳľӢӣһҲǶ֡
Ӣ֮Уܹ洫ģһӢӱǧһţɼҪΪ洫Ѷж
δһƷܹͬΪ洫ӣҲ̫ܻܱ곤һ
ƷţһҲһʱ֮ѡ
һƷһζûѵһ֮Լ
һʱ䣬ܹȶסӢӵľͲˣָΣ
ƷҲԴΪͷסһһʹɱ֣СһЩģҪʵ˵ЩСûã
۷׷ףһ⣬û˿óƷϾƷ伣һˣԶҲûдףȳƼ֮⣬Ҳû֪
ǶڳƷӡһǰһһ֮оĵľٰ軰ᣬǿԼĴڡ
ǿѾǳˡ
洫ӵĻôĵӣҲ˵Ļʲô֪ʲôʱһʵȺ֮д˳
˷׷Ťͷһȴһ°ɫ߳۵˹
Ʒ
˿˵ݵʱ򣬲ɵþ
˶סˣƺ˭û뵽˶ΪƷǰһ֮ԼʱȻˡ
磡
ʱ¶˼־ϲ飬
ľĿų裬û뵽˵ʶƷʶƷ
ϵǳĻҲΪƷðˡ
СôҲ֪ͨһƷǰֳһЩĳſ˵
ǵģʵǵһٵĳš
ʱأŴƷ飬Ǹգ˷֮С
漴ƷҡͷʧЦʱ䣬ڷ֮У֪ٵ˲࣬ŵòϢҲ
ãõĺܣһڿˣ
ʱЦſųƷĿ걾Ͳǳ裬ֻԳΪĿ꣬ƷȻƷѾˣҲûˡ
¶˼־ϲ飬ƷһָҪõˣһʱ䣬һѾʧȥԣºҪĳЩϵѣҲҪһٽƷ
ڣȻ䵽ϣ
ǹԹ־ܣҪҴֽŴȥʦ֣Цһһ洫ڱĵʮ㡣
һƷһǰǿΪӢӣôȡ
ƷߣﲻǾ֮أ
ʱľҧҧ˵Ŀȴǿ˳š
Ʒ˿ţȻóľΪʲôҪһ˻ˮΪš
ʱЦЦ˵ҲˣҲŮϲˣǶᣬӣΪʲôҪӣҪӵ˲ңһ
˶ĿɿڴĿųƷ翴һʧķˣƷж񣬾Ȼڳԡ
ƷһͲˣھȻҪһߡ
ʱأ㶯ˣЦһʧķ裿ҲŲЩƲԳԷƣ
ͬչһ㣬ƣųƷ˹ȥ


1805 һȭɸʬ
ΧˣϾ͸ܵһɿµƣŵӣһɿµͬһشݺݵĺǵͷɲǼ䣬Ҫǵƴݻ١
ڳྫӢҲܣ
ʵྫӢ֮УҲǰеĴڣͬ졣
ľֹȴϸٶȡ
һɲǼĹ򣬸α嵽˳Ʒĸǰ͵һӽȫķһӡɲǼ䣬֮۶ɡ
ĵ˸ͬǧֻɲǼ䣬һӡʽųƷ
׷Ʒһ۾ϳˣҲǷ֮йΪһ׷ӡʽΪӡһʩչܽؼ֮ΪãΪ¡
׷֮ͬУǷǳǿģϧ˳ƷȴƷ̯һֻ֣͵һӽЩ׹УȻһֻ͵һָȭһȭ˳ȥ
䣡
һ޴ޱȵĺһȭֱӻ˿һֲ̮
Ȼûеȸ㷴ӦȴһȭֱӺ˸ؿڡ
أ
ֻһ죬δüӦֻղŻͬһĸȻƷȫ֮һȭؿڡ
ͬߵķһ㣬ֱӵ䵽˵ϡ
ôܣ
˻޷ţƷôǿ
Ҫ֪ʵѾ˶龳۷壬ȻżѾкܶˣѸһǬ
ڶ龳ľӢ֮УҲǰеĴڡ
ֻһȭܡƷжǿ
ƷֵĹδȫȫǵ֮⡣
̫ǿˣ̫ǿˣԣǿ㣡
أ˾ȴڵϵĸֱӶҲֲǣһȭֱӽ˸ʬֱˡ
ľѪƱֱӳһʧӰ٣·һаһ
ղ˶˳Ʒĳ֣֮ƣʲôа仰˵ǱƷһȭڵľѪġ
Ҫжֲȭܹ飬ȽķѻҪʮ
ڳļŵӣҲΪǵ֮Ȼܹóһжôľˡ
ʱٿƷʱֻоѾȫˣ֮ǰǰֻóƷǲˡ
ƷһǰոսΪӢӣһ֮־ܹӢǰеĸ㣬Ѿﵽ˺εȾ׵ĵز
ٸ꣬ǬҲûпԣѹˡ
ƺѾˣΪʲôƷںһаˡ
̫û˼
Ʒ˦˦֣˵
ʶ˴սսǬֶ˵ԱĿֲսۣٻͷ⸵ĹǿʵóƷֵȤûС
㡭ôʦŭ
˲ΡΡ˵·𱻳Ʒ㡣
һܻ˵ɣ
ƷҡҡͷЦݡ
ʱ˶ЩɻĿųƷҲû˸˵ƷǲˣֻڳƷչֳʵ㲻洫ӣҲЩܱȵġ
ʲôưɣ
˾Ȼô롣
ƷҪСģһʵԲô򵥣
أȺ֮УһӰڶƮȻһ㡣
һȴǻԶ˭ء
˻֣һǰԶڳƷϣĪ˵ĹϵѾõزô
ֻгƷ׻Զ˼ԶԼ˶֣ѵãϣƷôȥˣǾ̫ϧˡ
Ƕ֮ϧ
һͿǬǸܱȵģǲУһ츳ò˼һͲĶˣ
ԶϿҵڳƷϣδܶȡŵӴȵĹھȻҲΪ˾ӢӣȴҪӳƷϰһǣһѩǰܡ
ƷһϣԶûˡ
۽磬һҲʲôֻҪٸʱ䣬Խһǳ⣬Ҳֵȼģһֻͨɫ
ΨһܹᲢۣѹһͷģҲֻгƷˡ
Ķ֣ٹ궼δȰԭ
޷ҾҪһ֮ԼλȤһôģս
Ʒҡҡͷ˵
һ֮УԶĽȷʵˣǷʣһѾﵽ˶龳۷壬ͻǬֻʱ⡣
һֻŶҪˣĽԶҪ죬ԶȰ棬˵ûбҪ


1806 ұɱһ
ߵɧҲܿˣھƷв軰һˡ
ܹǰμ軰ʵֻ࣬洫ӺٲֵľӢӡ
ͳͳûʸ񣬲ڴ󲿷˵½ֻǳһˮϯҲǲƵջ
̤֮·ҪǳԣԵˣע֮·߲Զ
һҲܿõϢʱɫƷǳˣȻִ˸㡣
ĸ£׷֮УҲصģھȻƷһӴ
ôĵӣһ˵
һߣ洫ǣҲܿõϢϢ̫ˡ
Щ洫ӵϻͬ¶˼ŭݣ¶˼ζЦݡ
ڳƷĵÿ˶ӭҲÿ˶ᡣ
֣˵鷳Ҫǰæôʱһһɫɳۣϴż꿪˵
ˣһСܸ㶨
һ˵
Ȼ֪軰᱾Ͳ򵥣ҪȦӵĿʼ
ǬĸҲԼĺܶȦӣܶЩȦ֮ˣڣΪʵˣǵߺܿͻͬ£ĸ֣һȦӡ
ҲûʵȻҪѡһȦ룬ΪһˣҪȦȻҪ˵ϿɣȻȴÿ˶ӭļ롣
漰䱾һ⡣
е˼ŵս洫Ƿ棡
ż국һЦ˵
⻰ʱڳ洫ӵĲ
ЩУһɫȹԼĪŶʮģһͷڷ٣ĸ毺ã续ŮӣƲһǸ꣬˵ҹаҲֻ
ղ̨ʦ㣬ҿûֻҷãǷڵƷǸ˲ţӹ󣬹ҹаЦ˵
ҹаȻôӭһȦӣлῴһЦȻ״
һԣѿ
ʦֶﻹҪ֣֪洫;Ӣ֮Ĳ྿жһղ洫һնϣ
ʱһеģڵһվ
ãǾ鷳ʦˣ
һ˵֮ϣûԳֵ˼
˵Ŀⶼеʦϣа⣬ȻʦҪһˣʦЩ˶ҪһҲҪö࣬ȻǬ
˶ֵ׳꣬ΪͻͽڵΪֻʱѡ
ʦֲͬǬмֽңִ󣬻Ѿʧȥ˸һǱ
ʱȻҪѰһסĿɽϾǬڷ֮Ȼǳϣ㣬ҲֻǱԵĳϣղʵȨҲò̫õԴһȣԶ
ңƾ㣿أһʵԶ
ţһݹһӰ˲軰Ļ᳡֮С
Ʒ
һųƷҧгݵ˵
һǰȣƷˣȻôֵĳǰ
ֱҪˣһǰֻܶŵԹϣھȻֱĿ⡣
Ʒɨһ۳УԼĪʮ˵ģжʮǿǬ洫ӣʣµģҲǶ龳۷ľӢӡ
ݲν󣬶Щ洫֮Уռһ룬ŵ洫ռһ롣
Ҳֻʮŵ洫Ӽĸ֣ܹ֯ŵȦӡ
ֱʮĿ⣬ƷȻ޾壬һ˵ĻѰ洫ӣֻҲ˵
ղ˵ҪңƾôһͶ˹ϣڿű˵ĴȵôȲҪôƷԥ˵

ǸʦĿ¶׹⿴ųƷȻҲʵƷڽҴҲŭգס
ҪƤ
ߣΪһϣȻҲ͵ǵ֮ҿǻĲͷˣƷ˵
ڷ֮УҲּģȻȨĳϣҲǿǬĳϣֳϣһ洫ǰûеλҲھӢǰܹ˶˼ӣڳƷǰǾ̫Цˡ
漴Ʒɨһˣ˵һ֮Լұɱһ˭ҪǸҸԤǾͱһˣʡ鷳ֵģ뱧ȵģͳͳְɣ


1807 ǬҲɸʬ
Դ󣡡
м˶ƷĻŭ
Ʒûн֮κһ˷ʵ̫
Щ龳ľӢȻŭȴҳ֣ΪǸղҲյ˴ѶƷһȭ飬˵ҲǼ𺳡
֮˼ȸҪǿҲ΢ǿһѡ
Ͽ˵ǲģ㶼һȭɸʬҲˡ
˺ܿ侲ϾƷ˵ЩҪһȵˣҲֻһֶѡ
Ŀ𱰣һӢӸط죡
ʦһ
ˣҾ㣬ûнҾʹ㸸ĸ̽㣡
Ʒ֮飬Ҹĸңʲô
ĸǳƷеۣ֮
ƾ仰Ҳһ
һ˲̺ɱ֮ˣΪҷڵҲ㣡
ʦЦЩ߸ϵ洫ҲˣӢӶ˶
ͬǬǱ˴֮ĵλֱرΪ棬ҲֻܵͷǳƷʲôֻһӢӶѡ
Ȼôš
ɻ
ʦһޱȵᣬһϣ֪ʲôʱѾһڱ˲ͷɫķֱӸ˳γһ޴ޱȵɽ
һնֱɽնһ㣡
ʦȻǬֻ֮ǵףǵҲǬĸ֡
ֻһնͲǬֵݣΪǳڿڶ龳۷֮ͻƵģ֮ͬУӻ
Сˣ
һ龳ľӢ뵽һǼʮӢͳͳܵӰ졣
Ƕܹо㲻ҪǣȻһںĸо
е˼
ҹа°ͣƷղŵĻûҲģƷú˼
Ƿ˵ķӵĻôͿ϶Щ̵ġ
ڴʱƷˣֱӷ־һɢźϢһ
أ
һ޴ĺ֮󣬳֮ǣƷûбһն롣
־ͽһץС
ôܣ
ʦ忴һĻûôͽ־Ϳһֱ˼顣
أ
˾ͿƷһһĽһնıƬֲһУҲ˺һС
ã
ʦʱоһëȻΣС
ֻʵ浽ˣӵһȭ㲻
Ʒһ
ǸոսһѣΪʲôǸʦʱŭ
ʱҲëȻͬԶž޵ĸо
˲ٶȳһץԵķɽųƷѹȥ
һһɽޱȵİ磬̫ɽһ㡣
ߣ
Ʒһߣһ㣬᳡
ɲǼ䣬ƷֱӳȺɽ֮Уָȭһȭ˹ȥ
䣡
ֲȭǻһͷһֱӽȺɽ˺ѿ촷ۡ
ȭ˺һУȥƲһӺʦš
ʦһƺߣ˲䵹˳ȥڳĶǾӢ֣Ƕܹʦֱ⵽аĹ˲侫Ѫˣֱӱ˸ʬ
һȭ˸ʬ
˶˸ղŴϢƷһȭ˸ʬнʦ˸ʬ
ЩӢֻо󱳷øղûóȻȥĻֱ롣
ȴϷӦ˹
Ǭĸֱһȭ˸ʬ
˿һĻɵõһǶóǳƷȭֱӽǸʦڵľѪֱӴ
ʲôа˾ѪҪ̫ˡ
Ʒղ̨ʦ㿴һĻ֮в־ȵ顣
ڸղţҲӵľĴѶľѶܹչһ³ƷһƷɱˡ
ľĴѶУƷֻһӢӶѣڳƷһȭǽһǬĸִ˸ʬ
ǬĽ֮УҲǼΪټġ
ֻһꣿղ̨ʦֺ֮ͬȻ飬ֻһ꣬ĵزƷǷͬˡ
ȻɱųϣҿҪ췴
ʱʣµǼڵĳҲ׷׷Լŭ
Ʒǵ潫ֱӴɸʬͬ־ŭ


1808 һĳ
洫ҲˣӢӶôţȫǷ
Ϊҵ˿ԶԸƷɣƷһȷʵֲһһǬĸִɸʬǺεȺ˵ֶΡ
֮УǸʦ屾ǵ׵ĴڣǸʦ岻ǳƷĶ֣ҲǳƷĶ֡
ƷЦһ˵˭֣һϰɣһ·˷ʱ䣡
ʱǼڵĳһԾֱһģĸߴĳϣһеĵ곤ϣһԼĪ߰ʮɷߡ
ټ֮ǰǸʦ壬һ£
һ洫֮еˣڽԼЩԵҲϣҵһɽһȥ˵һļϡ
󣬼̾ͳųƷ͵һӷ˹ϵķӿѪӿÿһ˿ķǧģ˵Ȼ⼸Ͼϱס󣬵Ҳˣдʱ䴸ԼķķǧΪʵ
һϣЩΪȼҲġ
ִһֻ޴ޱȵӡ֮ɾѧɴӡ
ɴӡڷ֮мľѧһʩչҲԣһҲʩչʩչԽ࣬ҲԽǾˡ
˿ƷľʵȻһ׼ûУ֣ЧȻԶԶһһЧ
ʩչķɴӡңҪԴǳƷˣ
ΪֹˣǳƷȷʵЩֶΣ˵ķɴӡǰȴʲôˣԳ
һӢܹеһѾʮѵˣ
ˣҹаҲãղ̨ʦҲãͳͳĿƶųƷ
ڸ̨֮ϵһĿųƷ޲ýʬΡ
Ʒ˿һɲǼ䣬ǰɴӡĶ̶ʱ䣬Ϣ˳
ɴӡûѧţڵʱ仹̣Թ׶ȲȻûʸѧϰɾѧԽԽľѧѵá
Ⲣһ˲֮ѧ࣬û֪Ʒ֮в˸žâɲǼ䣬ͽɴӡְֱӿˣΪԼĶ
䣡
ɴӡƷҲܣȻƾɴӡ䵽ϡ
˵һɴӡȻƷһ󶴣Ʒ˿δ𣬶ɴӡȻձɢ
ôôǿ˾һ
ղ̨ʦʱҲа취ʩչķɴӡǾԲǳƷ㣬׾ٵĿͿˡ
ǿȣ϶ڱˡ
ѵʵһ޲ɣޣҪԼ򰾵ȱĵزҲǧѵ飡
ղ̨ʦ֮˸˼Ĺâ
һЩޣһЩΪ̬Ĺһ·ߵ˺٣Ϊǳʹ࣬ڴĹ֮УʹΪӶӣ˶ֲס;ϡ
Ϊÿһδ壬ҪԼ˺ѣ죬ΪԽǾԽǼ̣Ҫ˺ѿҪʹԽǳܹܵ˵ġ
޺Ϳʿһе࣬ǺһȺҲûʲôֱˡ
ô˶ʱסˣʣƷһֽǸסˣԤϵͬǿ֣ƷѾǬҪޡ
ϾʦֻǿǬֻһǬأʣȫǬء
ΪʰһǬĺҲǴ´ˣ˭֪ոճ֣ͷȫԡ
ˣɴӡȷʵʮ־ǵϣʵ̫˷ˣӲ
ƷһҲҵķɴӡ
˵ʱʱ죬Ʒˣֱһɴӡؼܵʲôǣ۳һ޴ޱȵӡӡľͷɵӰ
ǷΪķɴӡ
ڸղǶ̶̵ʱ֮ڣͱƷһ֮ѧˣ֪ˣֻҪ
Ȼ˲֪һ㣬ֻΪƷǲ֪Ķѧķɴӡ
һֻӡԽԽ󣬵ȴ˵ϡ
˶ʱоͬһѵĸоȫסˡ
˶ʱ󺧣æֹͨͼ赲ǸûκôһֻӡѹһеС
أ
ӡֱĳһࡣ


1809 Ǳˮг
˶ڳƷķɴӡ֮º޻֮˵ѹ
һƾͽǬĳĳ࣡
ֳһƬһļž
˿һĻʱ򣬼ɵˣֳ˵ţ
û˿뵽ƷȻܹǿز
ʱ˶ԳƷΪʲôǰԼκɻˡ
ԭǻã϶ǳƷʧķˣĻô°롣
һǲŷӦ˭һֻͻǻһء
ԭΪǿƵһڿȴҲδء
ղ̨ʦ㣬ԭľ΢һЩƷóƷ
ĺ촽΢΢鴤Ҫ˭ƷһʵǿĿ¡
ֳɱĸǬʣδȫء
ƾĸǬĳϻԳƷʵ
ҲʲôʱʵķţӦǱеսʮ־ˣҪ֪һǰƷҲǸոջþӢӵѣֿԴ洫ĵز
һ֮Уֹʵ̥ǣֱ˷츲صı仯
ʲôʱǷ֮оȻðôһˡ
˴ʱŷӦƺԳƷ˽̫ˣƷڵʱ̫̣о޵ı֣ǲ㼶̫ͣˣҲעһŵӡ
Ʒڰ֮ʱֶ֪ľ͸ˡ
ڣոսҿɽһǣѾ˾ˡ
Щŵ洫ӴʱҲΣƷᲢ۵ǿߡ
ԭǰ㣬ƷһЦĺһһе˺ϷⱾȫͬġ
ҹаʱ飬Ʒ֮У˼ص飬ƺЩϿ˳Ʒʵ
û뵽֮оȻܳѵã
ҹа΢΢ȻʮŵУǷʮ֮Уǵ׵Ǽ˵ȻȻһȻǶʮڲ˵ȴҲи֮֡
ǿţڣȻԺ̣ŵʵܱʣµߴżҪǿĶࡣ
ȻܳĵӣҲǳУ޵еˣҲš
ҹаǳ֮еĴ̣Ȼ;÷Ҳûʲô˲ģ۵ģҲֻ˶ѡ
ǰ˵Ǹһӣ˵ĻԶһ֮ʮʧԶȻǳڣ¡
ǳˮгҹа΢΢һЦ
ʱһ̲סվЦŭЦЦݣ̫ˣ֮ǰûɱ㣬û뵽ȻΪˣ
ʱڳ֮ǰγƷһִȻǸʱƣϣŲòֱӽƷɱ
ȻӸ˵ʱȷʵҲûƷ֮ƷƻļƻȻʲô
洫ӣƷʲôֻһŵӶѣԸƷҲѡ
˵ĿǼԵѡ
Ʒ˳֮˶ѣ
˭֪˳ԵϾȻ֮鷳
ν㲻㡣
οƷ֮ǰֻûסֱӶ֣֮ǰеֶҲˣȻҲ̸Ĵ
Ψһһ㲻õģûԶ֡
ΪŹңҵŹ㣬ʱұɱ㣡
Ʒһ˵
˵棬һ꣬Ѿˣ
һ˵棬ȻݻΪοɾû֮ǰôõˣ
һ˵
ΪǿźߵʱյĵزģƷЦһ͵һ̤ɲǼ䣬һƥϢͷ˿ۻķʱŵһչ˳
֮ǰնɱĸ϶赭дһɹϣʱ˲Ʒʵ
һ俴ţϵϢҲͷ˳ֲķͬκһͷ˳һ˲ͽƷķ綼ˣҲΪ˷ֹƷ屻ֱӱ顣
ϾЩ洫һʵЩɽƬ
Ʒ¶΢΢ĲƯڿҲڲϵĶ֮С
ʱһеıʣھƷΪ֮ȻЩǰԾϯŵӺ;ӢӴʱҲڸϵһս


1810 һɹûõ
ͷŵƷ壬ڳ֮УЩ洫ӻܹλ֮⣬˼׷׷˿ҿ
˫ʵ̫ˡ
ƷΪΪܹұȣһĿųƷмֺȻ飬ż־˵ɱ⡣
ȣʲô͸һֻһ򵥣
Ʒƽ˵
һСӣ
һʱһ˳ͬ񱩵ս˲ͺ嵽˳Ʒǰ
˻һ쳤磬־һɴӡ
ɴӡ֮ǰڳʩչģӾˡ
Ҳʾһľ˵츳ȷʵЩԵĳܹᲢ۵ġ
Ǭأ
һȻǬصΪ
ΪǬжеȣߡ
ڳǬĸ֣һ⣬ΪҲͬһʵôǿ΢Ը⣬˵μӲ軰ˡ
Ǭ洫֮ҲŵȣеһӶû취еǬأǲпʵ
ǳƷķӦҲ˿ֱһȭ
ҲʲôѧֻͨǼ򵥵һȭȻֱӽǷɴӡˣֲȭͬӵɱһ
䣡
һȭ䵽һĸǰһһɴӡŽһȭ
һ֮д˼Ȼ飬û뵽ȻܹɹɱҲмֵ
ɹһɹûõ̶ֳȣȰԹҸϵɱˣƷ˫ֱ磬ĮĿһ
һһٶȶˣһΣͬȫµķڶΧĿռ䡣
𽣣
һϣһڳϣһڳɢŽӲӵĹââ¶ֻһ۾ͬһҪĴ
ȻǸ𣿡ҹаҲЩȻ˵˵ȣҲ׷Ȼ
ǽ֮£Ѱһ𣬶ë̷˵ѽǸˣմһ㣬ֱӱгɣ
һĶôĸҪ֪һĸֵǲɹģڸ𳤽ֵ൱ǧƷʯϣ
˶ʱȻ۷׷ףЩΪǿ洫ҲʮȻ
˴ʱƷ֮УٿãղųƷΪ˾ޣͽӲƷ𳤽ȴͬ
еٮٮߣ˫Ʒᱻһг롣
ֵͬһˮƽϡ
еٮٮΣҵĸ𳤽֮£ͳͳҪޣ
һЦһ˵ΪŵƣԳƷֳ˾˵ΪƷκβʱš
֮ԲΪҲԭģΪ˫пǵֶΣ˵˫ĸ𳤽һ֡
޶Ҫޣ
Ϊȴվһ
һһɲǼ䣬ֱһâնɫĽâӹգɲǼ䱬ĹâƽֽĻ˺顣
һɲǼ䣬һâ֮·ֻǧĽ꣬ĽֱӽƷֽУȻγ˽ϡ
һٶ̫ˣֻоǰһ㿴춼ǽɫĽ
ЦΪи𳤽ܹԸôƷЦһѰޣ˸𳤽·һ˫ȴҲ̫һʧЧ·һ
ȴͬɲѰޣֲʼǿȸߵһ־׵ĵز
ȴƷǳһɫУһ֮Щ֮γ˱ףʵʵġ
һ˲䣬ƷһХ˺ƴչᣬӶȻ콣ϡ
أ
һɫĸ֮гƷʱȴƷֱһȭɲǼ䣬һ֮պɢ
Щ֮쵽˼£ڳ֮⣬˵۾ϡ
ֻܹƷһ˲ͱûˡ
ˣƷǿûãˣ
Щһˣ˵ôͬʱˣûˣ
ϧˣһΪܹɹأĻҲǴʷˣվǻΪɻң
˵һӦǳƷˣ˭֪һ˲䣬ĸֱ֮ѣһӰмӳ


1811 ̤һ
˶һȴǳƷ˭أ
ԭ˿ĸ֮󣬳Ʒһ٣˭֪ƷֱӽЩȫ顣
ﶼû˿Ǳӡ
˻
˲ɵõһֻ뵽һʣֲ˹
һ˵ΪȻܹǿᵽزô
ȻӸĵز
һ㣬һҲû뵽
֮ǺεȷĴڣҸʩչ˵ΪͬϣǬʹõƷҲᱻһնϡ
ĸ֮ȴκβ˳Ʒ
ƷΪѾ˺εȵĵزˡ
֮˸ź˵ɱ⣬˵ûôɱһ˹
ƷھѾѲˣһΪǬĻôֱ롣
δɳȥԼԶԶˣ
ʱˣƷŵڣ꣬ǰƷʲôһϣδ
Ȼ֮һжѾˣȻԺսزղȫİգܹնɱƷԲŶԳƷĳɳ޶á
ĸܵˣƷвĻüëǰ
ԲɳȥˣĻ֮ﻹҵ֮أ
㲻ã
һֳһڳĿ˲䱬һ˵Ĺâ˲䳯ųƷķɨȥ
âգɲǼ䣬˺һУ˺ʱ򣬾Ȼвƥ˺ѵ
֮
ĽϯͬǵصĽֱ꣬Ӹ˿ռ䣬תÿһϯΪһƥΪ¡
˲ͽƷˣóƷ޿ӣ޿ɱܣ
ң
ƷЦһʱˣһԾϣͬչһֱһż̤ȥ
Ȫ̤һ̤
ڳƷ̤һʱ֮У֪ʲôطӳĻȪˮЩȪˮγ֮ƣݺݵĳ˹콣ȥ
¡¡
һͬһ𣬽Ȫˮ񳱵ײһ𣬻ȪˮûһУ˺һУ֮˫ʱվü
˫ײ಻һϣԴԴ𳤽Уʹøϵϯ
˵Щľܹһǳأ洫ΪĻʳĸ߲㣬ȷʵʵ
ƣ
һһĽԻųƷȥ
ƷǲŲæغȪ̤ڶ̤
һ̤£ʱ޾ĻȪˮըѿֱӵ˿Ȼֱѹ˸ԸķҲûа취ֱƿ
ôôǿ
һʱһķȼͼƷԿ
ǳƷ̤˵
䣡
ֻһؼĺ˷Ʒһţһӽĸɷ顣
˫޵УǻȪˮҲѰ֮ˮǲԻȪĿֲ֮ˮ
̤£ȴֻоضҡضǸһӾͱѹһ
ʲôȷôô
ʱһ洫ӿˣ֮оɲȻҲƷʩչĻȪ̤ˡ
һȪ̤Ķ֣ѵǾܹõĶȥô
ҲòĶȥΪȪ̤ʵ̫ˡ
ǳƷֻʩչǰ̤Ѿ˾ˣÿһ̤ǳɼαȫʩչ˻Ȫ̤֮ǸʲôĳֱǶо
϶ǷڵȷΪڲûȷǶ
Ҳ֣ЩˣĸŸָһϳ˵ȷѣҲйֻûô˶ѡ
ʱ򣬳Ʒĵ̤Ҳڱ˳
䣡
һֱ䵽һϣֱӽһһż̤˵ϡ
أ
涼ֱӼ̤һ󶴣˷ֻ֣зԲһ׵ĴСԳƷµĿֲΧֻĴССˣ෴ģǳƷڷĿƣѾﵽһ־׵ĵز
Ϊµģ
ȻȴһڵϣҲȻֱӱƷһż̤ˡ
׼ȷ˵һؿڱƷһż̤ĶˣѪ罦׻Ϊһ̯ࡣ
һȻˣҹаʱҲЩȻĿһһȻƷĽŶֵס
ղ̨ʦ㣬ҲĿɿڴĿǰһУ֮˼顣


1812 һħ
˶ޱ𾪣ȻʱƣƷչֳʵԽԽǿҲһܻʧܵĳҲûƷȻܹôɵ̤һ
ֻ˵֮ǰĽֶڳƷ˵ǲѣûȫղųƷ˵ģһɵĹʱǿųĻ
ڿȴδزʵ
뵽˲ɵõһƷʱ֮У׾ʲôֱ˷츲صı仯
Ҳ̫ˣڳ֮ǿղ̨ʦ㣬ҹаˣҲ֪ʲô˶̶ʱڽΡ
˿շһҹҲ˰ɣ
̫ǿˣʦ־Ȼ˲һ̫ˣ
ΪǳƷѹ˭֪ʦֱ׾ٵĴ
۷׷֮ʣȺ֮Уľ֮лǴżֲ˼֮ɫƷűҪĶˣ˭֪ûжʱ䣬ȻѾ˺˵ĵزˡ
ԭֻƷ˵ĻǴ󻰣ϾųΪӢûжʱ䣬ܹɱһأ˭֪ƷȻˡ
˵Ҳһޱȵ𺳡
ҲΨг鲻䣬ʶƷ̫漣Ʒ޵Ѿ֮У޶ҡ
Ʒεԣ
һ̳Ʒ˵ҪΪҲ˿֡
Ⱥ֮Уųɫ䣬ʱһҰףҪ֪֮ǰҪܣҪţڿɺãһƷʵȻ˾ˣľս
֮ǰƷѾǿˣӮһҪҲֶֻѣ˭Ϊһǰ;ľӢӡ
ھ͸ˣɵҲóƷս֮󣬱ȻҪΪ洫ӣȻûܵ顣
洫Ҫɱǲ֮ѡ
Ʒ֮ǰܵѣΪһ洫ס
ӢӶʶô洫Ϊ޹صС͵˳Ʒأ
뵽оʱŷ֣Լ֮ǰļֱСһƷһۣΪóƷһ۵ʸûС
ֻ뵽ƷֶܳԸԣεѡ
ܿ죬˾ͷ֣̤һ֮󣬳Ʒû˿ĵӣĶסһʬס
أʱһɿ񱩵֮зӿһɼΪµĺڰӿ
ħȻħ
˾һڳ˶ħİЩаħͲ˵ˣаħ֮оħҲħ
˵ħ´У˵ĻʳѹΪռ䣬ôħ֮ս
һؼУħȴͬɵħ
ħ֮¼ħߣڳħĵطҲἫȲǴ粽У˵ͨ࣬·һ
һħ£ڶϸ֮м޾ħȫѶϣ㸲ֻǰ
Ϊˣħĸ֪ǳУаħ˺ԭ
һͳ洫ӳھȻðħⲻܲ˾
ֻ²ֻǳƷһ֮˽ˣϾҪ𶯷ϲ㡣
һ洫ӣȻΪħ壬ֱţֵٴһ㣬ܻ͢Ĺע
Ʒ֮âһԭƷ̤Ҳһ˵ٶ³˳ֻǺԭͬȻ˺ɫļ⣬ںɫļֳƬ
ħ
ħܿ͸ȫһʬҲƬ֮䣬תΪħ
ɲǼ䣬һһԾĿĿųƷֻʱһѾûΣƬ˫ȫһħģ
ӣԭڿϷҹаղ̨ʦˣҲӲˡ
ħڣ
˵ķһʱ֣ܳЩŵӣӢҲ⣬ͳͳָһ
ǴʱһȴţֻĿųƷһ˫ѪĿ֮͸¶ſ̹ǵɱ⡣
ƷȻұƵϣҲҪһ»ȪһЦţֻݵֻʣޱȵֻŻ
һڵħϵӣңγ쫷磬Ȼ֮ǰҪӿϺü


1813 ɱһΣɱ
ħ֮һʵԱ࣬˵ԭֻǬصĻڻħֱ֮ӿǬأѸٳǬرƽ
ʵķҲҹа
ǻħĺôħȷʵ廹ҪǿĶ࣬ҲΪˣ˲Żѡ鸽ħ壬Լʵһ
ΪѾӣǱľ˵˳²֮⣬ûа취һˡ
ħְɣ
Ʒ˵֪νħ֣ڵʱҪħȴţΪ幹ħȫͬóȻħֱħħѰ·
ǻ£ħֵĵħ˵ڣħҹȾս˵廯ħ
ҲħķʽħҲд츳֮ħӦ壬տħһ
Щħ书չ˴ħޣӶħĿƣԳһ
Ȼкܶգѡħǿ͸ƾõ
ħ֣Ǹߵħħ֣һЦЦҲ뵽Ȼı˵ˣҪõħ֣㺦޵ԨҾҪҲҪᣡ
һ˵ţ
ħֵһҲ˸һ¥ҪƽǬصʵѾƽǬһСȺ
ζҪﵽľ磬ȴҪķʽܹﵽ
˵һֳ
Ҫǣ֪·ӣӵ
ĵطĻƴһӣȴͬǷڵĴӪ
ʵȻԳƵһ֣Ϊ֮ǰǷڵ洫ӣҲˣڵɽ֮УжٿµϹǱ
ҪӵЦ
̶̵ֻʱ䣬ϢѾȥˣڵĸֻ¾Ѿھۼˡ
ʱ䲻ˣʱֻ֣
ǳƷƵϣҲŹƷ
һ㾹ȻͶħ壬ħ֣
ʱһڵ洫æһȫķ
ʱﻹ˵֧һʲôЦһѾʵǺħйᣬҪ֪ħħֿɲѰܹġ
һöħ֣ħ屾˵ҲǼĸټϴĻʳµķħֿνǷǳ٣ҪŪͺˣ˵ǣ˸ߵȼħħ֣Ǹټ
Щǰ֧һģͳͳѲ˸ϵͳͳᱻΪһһȻǺһĹϵܣҪϴɣͲ֪ҪѶʱ䡣
Ȼϴɣȴò̬Ļ鷳
һϣԲˣ
ڵ洫ӴһȫҪһ֣Ȼ䣬ȴһֻħצֱץգ洫ӵǰ
洫Ӧٶ̫ˣֱһֻħצץ͸ؿڣֱӽץ
Ǹ洫ӼǺ޷Ӧɴ۾
һֻħצʵֲ̫ˣֱӽؼףĻץơ
洫ӵΪȻֵס
ԭΪһǿһ㣬˭֪һħ֮󣬾Ȼֲز
ԼȻֵסһ
һһѽ洫ӵ˳Ȼ˵棬һһڵȥ
Ѫ֮洫ӵȫڸǱȫգΪܹõ˵
˭Ҫ֣ͺһ³޹أֻҪƷһЦһԴӻΪħ֮Ѫһͷ˳Ǵ˱Ұһ
ʱɱ˾ԲҲڳԵ飬Ƿġ
һ谭ûУ֪Ѿһͷħࡣ
еǸԲ˲֣ҪҲͳ롣
ôĵӣǰˣЩ洫־ŭһֱ̫ˣʱǿղޱȵĳƷʹʱһС׼ס
ƷˣѾһͷħˣͬն
ղ̨ʦŭգһ˫֮бһ˵ĹâȫķһħҲη塣
ҹаŵ洫ҲСĵķ˭֪һ᲻ٶȷ衣
λس֣ɱһΣɱڶΣ


1814 ǬƷ
Ҫ֣Ⱥ֮ʱأƷˡ
˷׷׿˳ƷΪʲôô˵˭ܹóһħ֮ʵǣøӼˣڣƷȻҪһһ
˲ףǳƷ̫Żʵ
е˼
ҹаƷ֮д˼ЦݣƷĸôǾʵЩ˼ˡ
һɵħоܼ֣ھͿƷĳɫжˡ
ʦܣʱǳǿʱЩħ˵ö֮Ҫǿ
ղ̨ʦ㵱˵ü΢ƺ̫ͬƷ˵ЩħǱҪȫԸһͷħնɱſԡ
Ǵڣû˸˵ǲԵġ
ǸղűһɱǸ洫ӣΪǬصĳ̶ȣȴһһɱ֪һʵжôľˡ
ʦģһħѣһħ֮ǰͲҵĶ֣ھ͸ҵĶˣ
Ʒ˵ħ֮Ѿһͷֻɱ¾ôҵĶ֣
Ʒ
ʱһи𳤽³ǧֱӳųƷ˹ȥ׻мǣ֪ǣˣ洫һֵĻ˵ܲȥҪɱƷΪԼ뷨ữΪӰ
ֲĽͬһֱ˺ѿ˲񷣬ֱӽƷûˡ
͸ղȣڸ𳤽³Ľ֮ǰĺü
𳤽ͺʹϢϢأʹʵǿ֮նʣʵõĻǾͺһˡ
һħ֮ʵ£𳤽Ҳֱ
˲ȭ
˾ֻ⽣ķ籩֮д˳Ʒһȣ˿˰˲˰֮У⵽ʲôٻһĽƷС
ͬʱȭɵİ˲ϵĳֱ֣ӽЩ񳱸ʳƬ
ôܣҵĹôܽӵ
һһȫţƷʵ̫ǿˣʵ֮һĪһɻǰԼǻɱǰԼ
оԵţʵԻڳƷ֮ϣӦñȳƷǿһβŶԡ
ܿ죬ڵĸּʱѾˣҲֻðһ
˭֪ȫֵĽȴǱƷ׾ٵĸ赲סˡ
оΪƵġ
ߣ
ƷһΪֻеôΪѾҵȫʵô
ƷһķɲǼ䣬˵ԭķάڶ龳۷壬Ϊֻж龳۷ľĻôķȫſȻֱӳԽ˶龳ﵽǬĳ̶ȡ
ͬﵽǬ֮󣬳ƷϵƵʮ
ʱղ̨ʦ㣬ҹаˣɫȻɫ䣬׵׵ɵۡ
ʵ̫ˣ
ƷȻڻʵԭǶΪղųƷӦѾǽ߾ȫˣ˭뵽ǲʵıɽһǡ
ƷĵȻѾǬڴ֮ǰǾȻһ֪
洫ȻĿ洫ĲΣ
ྫӢӺŵӶɵˣ˵ԭƷֻս洫Ļôڣ洫ӵͿ˵ǻʵ洫ˡ
һͲ洫֮еߣ෴ģһ洫֮еǿߡ
һ޶ò׼洫֮ǿߵĸ֣̤ûħֵĻֻ´ʱһѾˡ
洫Ͳ洫ȫ㼶洫˵Ѿɵĸ߲㣬ԪģƵĳϣȲ洫ӵȨҪͽ洫档
ڳƷһΪ洫ӣͻΪڵصδǰǲ
£˶뵽һֿܣڵĳƷѾ˾ޣδĳƷָΡ
治ǰڿʼʹ¼Ĺﰡ
֪ĸӺһ˾ȻͷȻͬĸо
ǻܹȥһµĹҪô죬û취ѽ
Щ֮УΨгΪƷˣղһħʵǣҲżҪ֪Լˣûʸ뵽ֲĴսҿ
ڿƷ¶ȫµĵƣڰ
絽׻Ƿ磬ߵﶼܹ촫棡˷ܵ˵


1815 ̫̫
ƷϵϢͬڲϵ˿ѷɫѾħ˵һ
ǳƷĵڣҲѾǬλ洫ӣͬĲΣ˿
ĳƷԵøӿ£Ϊ̫ǿˣ
ʷǬ̵ˣ
ħôܲһΣܲڶΣƷȻ˫ֱأĿһ
ƷҲʹһ飬˵ֱдʱŭˡ
Уһڸ𳤽˲䱬˸ĸ
ղŸӿϼ֣ʱƣħĳ̶ԽԽԽԽҪħɡ
Ҳħֵĺ֢֮һǴǴܹ֮ЩħΪԼãԼ־ᶨĻͻᱻħɣΪһͷֻɱ¾ĸħͷ
ңԶǰħδ֪ħ֮£Ϊֻɱ¾ħͷԼǶҲˡ
ټƶڵʦֻڸ·ϣȻԽԽǿʱ䲢վһߡ
ûѡ
һȣǸ𳤽ɵķ籩ֱӻ磬ųƷϯ˹ȥûѡ棬һ˿ףôĻ롣
ƷֱӷһȥǷɴӡɴӡֱ䵽˸𳤽֮ϣһƹҵĽ֮
Ȼ˲ͱƷĳĽ⣬ֱɢ˿ܶԳƷ˿в
ɣ
ʱһʩչһɣɲǼĹͺؼħɣħȻΪ֮һͣҪΪضһϯΪá
ҲǷ֮ϵĽֻ洫ϲʸľѧ
ֻô̫̫
Ʒһֱһȭã˲֮лû˳Ȼֱѹһħɡ
˲˲סʩչɵħɣħɵ˺ѿ
ܣҵĹôֵܼ
һһ˸ӷŭˣħȾԽԽθһͷʮֵĿࡣ
ʱ򣬳ƷһȭȭȥƲֱӺһ֮С
أ
һȭֱӽһؿڴѪģħ֮󣬻Ϊħһǿ˼ΣԳƷʱ򣬻Ǻ޻֮
ʱףƷǿѾﵽ˺εȵزͲ֮ǰô򵥣Ŀ´ڡ
ۣ
һһѪ˳ĳɫ֮˸Ȼ飬û뵽ƷȻôҪ֪ǸղŵʱƷʩչֶΣһȭͿԽòźתת
ֻ֮ǰƷóȫѣΪҪȫͿԶԸ
֮ǰƷ˵Ļûжһɹġ
һֻоǰҵʹħ֮ħǿ࣬ǻᱻƷһȭؿڣǾˡ
ħ壬˶ؿڣ䱬һҪûдĿԣħǿվҲѪ֮
ˣһȭУٶвһθоڷȽ
ɱңҲҪ汳
һ˻ţ¼ˡ
Ȼû
ƷҲмȻû뵽һⶼȷʵ㹻ǿģħȷʵǿһȭɱ
ȻҲǳƷôΪ˶ѾƷ񱩵սŵˡ
ȫȫĸŵˣ
һͬħֻͬǿǿȳ֮⣬һֺ֮Ტۡ
ƷһȭͽԶԶ߹ħһˡ
ǺεȾ˵ս

һ˻ţţ֮УħӵķӿղŻҪӿֲһ
ӣĿ֮£ȻǬأ
ʱڳˣ׷ɫ䣬һħô̵ʱ֮ڣΪ磬ʲһģ붼Ҫʮʮʱܹ
ûرһӶ޷ͻƣ
һǶ̶ʱ䣬Ѿȫˣѹôħͻˣ
ֻǵزһڵħӾˣֱǣ˲ֱӺ˹ȥ
䣡
һ˲ֱ˺ѿ˲񷣬Ȼʱɴ˸𳤽һͷҰһ
ӷ֮ǰӿֲ֮ǰһܱ漸ǣˣڻֻһͷûʶħˡ


1816 һ
ħµģƾűܺǬصĿֲΪѾƵ֣˼˲ɫ䡣
Щ洫ӻֿܵЩӢӺŵӼҪоħȾ׷ױᡣ
֣ȥĻǣ
ʱղ̨ʦҲͬʱˣϵķͬޱȻ񣬱Ѿħ˵һ˵Ҳ˿һΪ洫֮Уٮٮߡ
ҲͬѾǬصĵز
Ķ棬ҹаҲͬɫأκϽȥʮ֮Ϻʵ˽ϣڷ֮г飬ԿϷ
Ѿزһħ֮ѾԽ֮ǰҲӲȻʱ͢׷Ҳһ
ϾڳЩ洫ӣ˭ûг͢Ĳ£޶á
Ҳͬ˻ķħ࿹⣬һ̫һеĺ̫һ
˵ȻֱӾѹħ
Ʒ΢΢Ȼղ̨ʦΪղ̨棬洫֮Ҳĺܣ˵Ů洫֮еĵһˡ
Ҫ֮ϣԳƷ˽⣬ֻ»ղ̨Ķ֣ղ̨ʵǿֻѾǬ۷壬벽ܹǬء
һȥͿ˵̤˵洫֮УǿߵС
һܺղ̨Ტۣѹ֮ǰ˵ղ̨ǰμӲ軰ᣬǸһˣ˫ͲһϵĴڡ
ҹаΪȻҲղ̨ҪĶȥ˫ǲĵΣֻһžͿԿǬصĴڡ
ѹָղһħ˶̨ΪȣħһҲֻ΢һ㣬Զв
ҪҲֻɵ飡
һһħʵȻҲͻƵǬأȻ̨Ҫǰ˽ˡ
ҪֵʱȴƷٶȳˣϣķᣬһɿ¿񱩵Ϣ֮зӿ˽ɫëÿһë֮ͷų
Ƕ̶̵ʱ䣬ƷȻֱӻһεĳꡣ
ƷҲڻ֮ٶһΡ
ȻҲͬǬصĳ̶ȡ
ĸˣÿ˵ƶǬأһֱסȫ
¾ԭڳеЩ洫Ҳɵ÷׷׺ˣҿǰͬ洫Ȼ˴֮Ϊر
ͬһĴڣǸûκε֮Ტۡ
ƷͻȻӾҹаղ̨涼һ΢΢ȻƷƻһŽһţһʲôĵƣ˶ΪƷ˵ʱܹܶԾϲ
ʱƺҲЩˣΪʲôƷ޿ˣǾʵš
һħ˺ĶսһʼѾˡ
ԳƷʵȷʵʸһһΪʵڳƷǰһ
û֪ô̵ʱ֮УƷʲôȻܹǿƵĵز
λⳡսҪǲ֣ܴһΣܴڶΣƷ˵Ҫ˵ƾЩΪļޣȻ⻹ԶԶļޡ
ⲻս֮ǿ״̬ûһЩǳֶΣΪԴ˾ʵǾʹشˡ
䣡
ʱ򣬻䣬һľ޴ħѾ˹뻯ΪεĳĳƷ£޴ħצҪƷֱץʱŷ֣ڳƷͷϵתһ޴ޱȵҩҩɵĹӰƷػС
һͻȻһҲûܹҩ
ˣ͸ҳˣ
Ʒһֱӷֱһһȭͬһһ㣬ȭ˲һ
ۣ
һֱһѪ˳ħˣԻΪĳƷҲǶֱ֣һȭɳȥһѪ˳
ųƷֱ׷ȥҩݺݵĺһϡ
һݺ䵽˵ϣϵĲҽУǿħڲ
Ʒûʱֱһźݺݼ̤ȥ
أ
Ʒһֱֻӽһ̤ķѣը˿
ҪǳƷֱֱһ£ԴҲֱӺˡ
ʱֳһƬһļž˶ɵˣһȻˡ


1817 һʦ
ѹͷβѹʽĻһ
һħ֮ʵǣԳƷʱȻǶַ֣ѹ
ĵ̺ǿ
һնԴ֮󣬼һħ֮󻯳ɵħǷǳǿҲûκôԴˣֱˡ
ԭǲӿħҲ֮ɢ
֮еħҲѾʧӰˣħܾһΣȲڶΣٶȸƷҲоԵţԽ֮նɱ
ǰ˵Ѿ˸Եı仯
ʱ򣬳Ʒ»ΪΣȥ˳ѪĺЩ٣Ϊ꣬Լ˵Ҳž޴ĸ
͵ȣѾСĶˣΪʵ͵ȣҲǲͬնˡ
Ƭ̼Ĺ򣬾ѾָڳƷ־ʣʼս壬ͬʱֳŴ޵Ѫ̫ڤ˵ѪЩõƷǲǿĿ¡
ǾԶߵĸ֣Ҫֻ꣬һСʱ䣬㹻ľ޴ˣ˵ǳƷӣ˵ֻ΢ЩĶѡ
ʮ־ˡ
һ㣬ղ̨ҹаȻҲע⵽ˣǵʱĳƷһ෴ģԺƽƽȻƷڵľ绹δﵽƿĳ̶ȣǽսĻ֮£ǿ֮еǿߡ
ȻҪǹ׻սһУƷǿսȡԺЩ콾ƽƽʸ
ղ̨棬ǸпƷֵƵ˵½ŵʦܲŻ˲еʮ֮һʱ䣬Աȼ硣
ĸҲòΪǿߣǲſϧ
ǿߺ֮䣬ǲ˿ĹͬԵġ
ղŶлλά
Ʒ˵ȻҪǸʱȷʵƷˣҲҪʱ䣬Щ֮ӵȦȥ
ʦܲÿûü֣һˣͶħ壬ϧ
ղ̨ЦЦ˵˵ţһʬ֮У˼顣
ħ壬ֹҲħŰħǴĵġ
ڵķи۵ˣԶ̫С̫ûʲô˼ʣµģҲһ֮һ۵ˣ
ҹаЦЦٲȻûнڵ洫ӷ
Ȼϲ϶û¶ʲôȵ飬ȻǶҹаֻҲһˣȻѾûʲôоˡ
ҹаʵҲģ֮ͬУѷ֣ǺųƷŮ洫ӵһ˵ղ̨Ҳֲʲôˡ
ʵǿ֮ˣ¼㲻ȴҲ֪صġ
ƷֻƲһҹа˺˼ϣڳƷȻп͸ĵطкܣû֪
˲ո˼䣬һǿޱȵϢֱ̩ɽѹ֮ѹ˹
ɲǼ䣬˾ֻˣһִֻȻֱץ˳Ʒ
ƷҲû뵽ֱʣڸոնɱһ֮ҲûзɹɲǼ䣬Ѿ˷
ͷϣɽӶС
أ
һ޴ޱȵĺһһֻ䵽ɽӶϣȻһײ
⣡
Ʒ̾͸ܵһɿֲޱȵɽӶֱӳѹɽӶȻҲûа취׽һж
Ҫ֪һ˵ĻʱǬԪôǱ
Ǳܵ˼ֻоµļⶼڷ˺ѣҪһѪ
ʲôˣ
ں˵ͬʱƷһ
㾹Ȼɱҵĵӣ֮ϣһ˵ɫһӱˣΪǶһ仰֮У֪˵ݣһʦڵ̫ϳ֮һ򰲣
뵽˵ʱ򣬶ֻõһ󱳷
ĴУڷ֮УҲǷֳɺֲܶεģߵȻ̫ϳеĳеĳϣ̫ͨϳϣȻǺĵĳϣȻЩԵĳϡ
֮ǰǼԳƷֵĳϣײıԵϣǼˣҲǸ߱ǿǬΪ
⽯򰲲̫ͬϳϣȻֻ̫ͨϳϣΪȴѾԽǬﵽһ硣


1818 ϼһһ죬Ҫҵ
˵洫ӺͳϣǷڵмô̫ϳǷ֮ĸ߶
ÿһϵνԺգ
û˿Щ˵ĴڣһŵѰţԵɡ
һܹӵһǿʦкܴĹϵġ
ڣ˲ˣ򰲿ɲʲôƢ֮ˣ෴ģʵǳǿᣬƢǱŰѰ
£Ʒնɱĵӣ֪򰲻εıŭˡ
ʵҲͺܶĲ࣬򰲸ոֱӳԳƷ˿Ʒһǰ͵Ļᡣ
ƷĿֱӴ͸֮ϣһµԼŭĿӣһ߲ͬĸߴ֮ˣֻһվͷ·µơ
йϵʹˣǱ޵״̬ǲʵˣʵϣȻһޱȵ
ɲǼ䣬Ʒܹо߶ɵľ޴в
ߵݣ˵Ҳİ
ȻһҲܲȥһϣϱһ˸׳죬һҲкܶࡣ
һ֮Уصעʦ򰲵Ĵڡ
һ֮Լ˵ΣյĲһʵ֤һǳƷĶ֣鷳ʦ򰲡
ڼڳƷոնɱһʱ򣬽򰲱ֱӳˡ
ҪɱңƷ˵һ̫ϳϣҲ˿û¶ӡ
ɱҵӣҪ㳥
ЦЦһһ޶Ʒϣһ֮ԼҲжţֻҲûϡ
һԽ̵ĵӣ˵ĸһʵţһŵ½ӾȻ˵ҪսһǲѰ·ô
ЩƵľӢôսҲ·һΪⲻǸƷûסһΪԼȡʱѡ
΢һµȤûС
˭룬£һˣԵ̫ˣֱ͵
ղԼһûܽƷնʱѾ룬Ʒһʼǰֻǲ֪ƾʲôֶκͷܹնɱһ
ڿȷʵԼʵģ
ΣɱˣҪ˼ôô
Һһ֮Լȫ¶ҵļ֤ˣ̨ۣҲǷڵŹ棬ڹȻҪɱңѵľԼѾܹ޷𣿡
ƷһԽȴ˿¡
ٸҳЩұɱ㣡
򰲺γ֪Լռ˵ռռģûκôоǿʵǾ͹ˣ˲֮һЩ˵ѣֻҪƷնɱôʱ˭Ϊһ˷ء
ˣҲȥᡣ
ô꣬ףʲôʣʲô츳ʲôʲôܻŲؼġ
ãããܷʲôҲһѾħ˵飬ҪΪͽܱ𣡡ƷЦţڽ򰲵ķӦһ㶼֣ѾԤ֮ˡ
ʼٸߣ޺ȻžǿʵҪɱңұڴģɱ㣡ƷХһһǰĺ¶ûСϼһһ죬Ҫҵϣ
һСӣҲһǲħˣֻ֪ɱҪɱ˳쾭壡
ЦͳƷ˵ʲôΪ֪Լǲռġ
ʱѾовٵǿϢڸ·ϣʱѾˡ
һҪɱûлˣ
򰲵֮˸ź˵ĹâȻףʱͻ᲻ࡣ
Ҫһɱ
뵽ȫķΪһޱȵķ籩񳱡
ͬʱֱ۳һץһڳ˴һڳͨںڣȻ𳤽˵ǲġ
ǽ򰲵ʵһ˵ֹǿʮ
ۻʵ˲Ѿˡ
ںڵĽͬһɫĳɲǼ䣬Ѿɨ˳ա
һ˲䣬ͳųƷķϯ
ʱƷҲޱأһ·ѰǬأǬصĸĹҲ·һ
ᱻһն룡
еƣҵģƷХһȫķ˳ϣһ
һɾĽ


1819 һ
˹ɿµĽڷϯ
ǳƷеĵƣ
ԭΣһǬԪϣһȵϣǵΡ
ÿһΣڳƷ˵أȻֻΣõϧƷ˿ڡ
ڣƷõһΣ
һ˵ʵֻһ˲ʱѣ
ɲǼ䣬ƷзĽĲѾӿֱ
ԭĽ򰲣ʱ򣬶ֻоһľս
ã
򰲶ʱãԼĸоһ۵Ľоһв
ǴʱѾˣĽѾˣҪһӺɨƷǰʱ
Ʒڳˣſ˫֣ץסβˣݺһŽնȥ
ͣ
նĽһӱһɽһ壬ֱɢȻһŽ򰲵ͷն
Ʒ֮ƽżַ
ȥʲô̫ϳϣɱңҲÿʲô
µһ֣óƷ־ܡ
⽯ҲסˣҲû뵽Ʒ̫ϳϻҳ֣Ѱ洫ӣʱ򣬶ֱӽҳ֡
ǳƷȻ·ơ
ͣ
ɨ£ԭҪ򰲴ͷ룬Ǿǧһ֮ʣƫһЩֱֱͬӱһ춯صĽֱնơ
Ȼֱʧ֮䣬֪ɨ֮С

򰲲ҽһҲû뵽ԼȻˣڳƷˣʱſóƷĸɱġ
ɱһڵ̫ϳ϶붼룬ǳƷȴԥˡ
˫ͨ죬һֻס˵ĵطϵһն˿鸲Žڲϵĸʴļ⣬˿ϡ
Ҫɱ㣡
ҧгݵĿųƷ˵
һ˵ʵ򲻹ֻǶ̶̵ʱѣһԵҹаղ̨棬ʱڷӦ˹
˫ѾֹһˣȻǣռϷģȻ̫ϳϣ򰲣ǳƷ
Ȼеƣ
ӣԭһֱҹаˡ
ƷĵҲ̫ˡ
֮ǰնɱһҲˣ洫ӣҲ̫𾪣ڳƷȻش򰲣ղǽ̫ؼʱһֻ¾Ͳһֱ۱ֱնȥ˱ˡ
ʲôղ̨ҲЩȻһµĽʧʡ
ܹоһԼϣɣѡ
˳ƷѾɢĽʱˣҲһԵĵߣӦҲûˡ
ˣ⻹ʮ־˵ģ
ʱش֮ĽվҪٶȳ֣ȻûһֻֻشʵڳƷ֮ϡ
Ʒ¶˼ֿϧ飬ȴû˿ĺںͺ£෴ģÿһë֮³ëֱӸȫ»Ϊһͷεĳꡣ
ͷϣɽӶתУϸŴһϵõսƷҲһѸ𳤽
ؼ汸
ȻҲû˿õĴ㣬ķݵ˾ۣ׼ȼ뽯һս
ҪóƷ־ܣǸܵ飡
ûгȫȼȼյ㹻ȷʵطԽʵֱӽ򰲸ն
˫ţۿϾҪˣ
أʱ֮ϣһɿֲϢϯ
ס֣
һһӰֱ˿ǿֲķѹ
Ʒǻ˳ģҲ»ΪεģȻѹȥ
ʱ˲ڿ˵ݣһ°ɫۣŹµͼϴƵĹӡ
ݿ㣬ʱҲȻһǧӡ

һӾϳ˵ݣȻǷڵ˾ͽ
˻˼գգ۾ŷ֣ȷʵǷڵ˾ͽ
֮еĴҲǷڵһ֣¶Ϻŵǿ֡
ʱҲȻˣѹֻּƾ߽ݷƵˡ
һ֮סˣ
ƷҲˣ򰲿̫ϳϣڵĶ֡
ʲô˾ͽĿˣһߣü


1820 ܻҷڵϧ
˾ͽĻȫ˲
ԶһٵǿӰЩӰ֮УδǶǻ߸ӦħĴڣյϢ
һ洫Ŀ֮ħл˺ü洫ӣϢ϶ס
ʱȻҪȻ󲨣
Ӱ֮ӣҲģ
ħ˵ĵߣڿ¶ΪСҪݺݲڵϡ
ڣû뵽δ¶Ȼˣ
Ҫ֪λȨأһ֮еһʱڵ۶飬ʣµʱҲڱչ֮УڵĴС飬һɸŵȴ
ƽ˵೤Ϻ洫ˣ̫ϳҲδܹ˾ͽ
ھȻ
ǽʱҲһţ޼ɵ̶ܴҲΪڣƷնɱˣôΪһӢӵĶº֡
һӢӺһ̫ϳϵķ˾֪ӹɡ
ȴץΣȻȻŭɶҲ֪أǰҷ

׷׼
˾ͽɨһ۳Ʒ漴Ŀ⿴˽򰲣ϣһ̫ϳϣΪҪһӴ󶯸ɸꣿ
˾ͽ֮ҲмֲãȻʲô飬Ǹջôӵ飬һ̫ϳ׷ɱһڵӣӰεȶӡ
Сɱ״ӣ˴Ϊˣ˫Ŀͨ죬м˻ƵյĵӲ٣ɲųȴֻһҲһ˭֪Ȼ˳Ʒϡ
˾ͽĿֿ˳ƷȴƷֻǲŲæ˵һһ֮Լ֮սۣҲڹģ
һħҷڵļϸԵӲųֽɱ
ƷŲæϵķͳͳȥݷ˾ͽѹ֮£һ˿һķݲ·ѹһ
аľ˾ͽʵԶԤϣȻ˵̫ϳϺֻһѣǽ򰲵ʵ˾ͽһ죬һأͬһϡ
ܷ֮ش˾ͽûУ˾ͽʵҪȽ򰲸һ磬ͬһϡ
ǵΪǿһС֮һǿߣµĶ
ֻһͷѹ¼һˡ
˵һԲħļϸƷ˵ʱŭգǳ⡣
һСųģǼ˺һǲħļϸ˲֪ѵ֪ô
СΪ˽թ
򰲴һ˵
˾ͽüͷ΢漴Ʒ˵˵һħϸ֤ݣ
ȻУһ֮ǰĿ֮ħ˽Լʵֻһ˿ˣ˶ˣƷ˵
˾ͽʱüֻһ洫ӱ̫ϳ׷ɱһӣѾܶˣھȻǣһ洫ħ飬ֱЦ
֪˵ĻǷڻҪҪˣ
ҾȻĿ֮£ֱǵڴ
ܣ϶Сı
򰲵˵漴ĿͿѾʬһʬףͫ΢΢
յ鱨ͬȵõһ˵Ϣ֮󣬼ٶȸ˹֪滹һħ顣
ʬȷʵħʬףĿϡɼȷʵһʱҲЩãȻˡ
ѵһħļϸ
ܣͷӦ˹ܣΪһħļϸù۾ԽֻһǾǣǳƷʹթȻ֪Ʒôģ϶ͳƷйϵ
뵽۾ˣһˣȻҪô
ҾһħˣҲֲָֻţ
ʬ׾ǱߣʱԲ飡Ʒ˵ϣȻ±˲顣
Ȼ֪һĶŪħ֣ǼȻħôǰٿĪ磬Ҳ
˾ͽɨһ۵ϵʬף˵ѵҪñ˼ЦôħֱĸԸ㲻ǿҲΪʲôԭµħ֣Ȼħ֣ǾĵˣɱҲҪɱ
ܻҷڵϧ
˾ͽһ仰ֱӸǹ۶


1821 洫
˾ͽô˵㽯ʮַŭҲΡ
ȻǶ֮Լ˭Ҳܹ˭ڹ棡
˾ͽ˵
һ̫ϳϣݣ棬׷ɱһеӣɺͳ
˾ͽǳ˵
һǷħǷħļϸǲ׵Լȥ˼ڣ׼أ
ǣ
ҧҧ˵
ȻȲȴҲΥ˾ͽĻҲ̫ϳϣǺʹȨǲԶˡ
⣬ҲֻĬˡ
㣬·ϣɱϣ̫ϳϳ֣ǲãΪԱԣֻ꣡˾ͽķ
ķ
Ʒ֪ȻǸʮ壬ѾܹȡõĽˡ
ϾΣһ洫ڳƷ˳㻹شһ̫ϳϣһʾûУֻԺ򲻴档
˾ͽо˷ڵ洫ħ¼ҲĻ
˶ɵನŸոտʼͣûΪʱƣɢ١
෴ģ鲻ϵķͣ
鶼ϷԣȫѰ˵
ֻǳƷһӢսһ洫ӣѾǾ޴ͷˣ˵Ȼɹˡ
Ŀ֮£һɱⱾѾһ漣
ԾӢӵݣսɱ洫ӣҲͳƷôһ˶ѡ
ӢӺ洫ӵĲ࣬ӹɣ˭֪ж
㾫ӢӽҿǬ洫ƽƽҪƵ洫ӣǶǼܵ飬˵ǽ洫նɱˡ
һħսڵĸ߲㣬ΪƷһ٣ڷڸ߲֮ǰƷͻһϡ
ȴǣƷȿ˵ƣսһħ֮ȻȭŵĴ
Ѿ㹻ˣ֮һʦ򰲵׷ɱƷǵû£ش
Ǹֳ˵ǽǧһ֮ʶ㿪ˣֱ룬϶ڳƷһ֮¡
ۣ߳˶ɴ˶ԳƷ˼ֺ棬֮ǰû˵ľӢӣȻ˵ã
ʲôͷ
˵֮ǰƷֻ֪Ĵڣ˵󲿷˼Ҳǲмһ˵ĶôҲû˸Ĵڡ
Ű֮ûм꣬ȴѾӵʵδֱ
νʮ꺮ţһ֪
һҹ֮䣬Ʒͳ۵Ķ
һɷ糱Ҳʱƿʼɢȥҹа뿪˷ڣҲʼע⵽
Ȼ˶ʱأԸ߲Ĵʽˡ
˴۾˵֮ǰڳƷһսĴǸʮ塣
ôһĽȴ˴⡣
ɱϺ洫ӣش̫ϳϵĳƷߪΪ洫ӡ
ԭһľƷҲ͸˳Ʒ
ңΪ˽նɱħһͽΪ͢´󹦣ƷԶؽƷʯһö̥ԭһĸ𳤽ҲֱӴ͸˳Ʒ
һʱ䣬Ȼ󲨣
֮ǰĳͷĿԲ⽱ΪƷʯˣ̥Ƕ洫˵ҲǷǳĵҩ
ҪƳһö̥ҪҩĶǷǳģǷڻǴĻʳȻѰҪЩҩĶǷǳѡ
˵һѸ𳤽˵Ҫ𳤽ջȥΪ𳤽ֵƣԶ̥֮ϡ
֪ôģձ߲˳Ʒ˶뵽ⱳȻһ
ƾͣҲһ飬ǾǺʣƷѾ˷ڸ߲ͷá
Ҳһַڸ߲ͷã
˵ڱһ൱һָ߲վڳƷ
ϾˣƷìܣƷֻŲǶ̶ʱ䣬Ѿܹնɱħ֮ʵǵһ
ٸ㹻ʱ䣬δǰ;ֱ
ΣڶΪһжħ˵һȥĳͷǰ;ĳƷ
֮е洫в٣㿰Σδǰ;ᱻδȥȫģҲ˰ˡ
Ȼֻˣÿһˣǳ˷ڵĺĶ
˶֪˵֮ǰֻлԶĻôڻҪټһƷ֡


1822 һʱ
һεĽҲû˵ʲôԵĵط
ϾƷʵѾǬ㲻սҲʸΪ洫ӡ
ȻȻֻ½洫ӣȴû˽Ѱ洫
һαֳʵ洫֮УҲٮٮ֮һ
仰˵ŸոսΪ洫ӣѾΪ洫֮еĴ֮һʸɽͷ׷ˡ
ǣԭųƷŮ洫ӵһ˵ղ̨涼ʾԼԳƷҲûаա
ֻһ仰Ѿ㹻˶ڳƷʵˡ
ʣֻҪƷزۣٶȽȥΪ洫֮еٮٮҲֻʱ⡣
δΪڵĴ֮еĴС
˱ƷնɱģѾħ˵һ֮⣬ǼùķڳҲѾʽ𣬾ͷ·ûһ
ϾֻǼԵĳϣƳΡ
˵洫ڵĳϵλ൱ʵϵȻ洫ӵλߣƷֱ϶ΪԳһ˵ĺ֮еĺģǾ͸ǵλͬ졣
Ĺڸ߲ڳƷӳ̶ȣֻ²̫ϳϼ
һ㣬뻪ԶĴѾ޼ˡ
ϾԶδǬδ洫ģǳƷʵʵǬΪ洫Ĵڡ
һֻδǱƷǱѾתһʵ
Ȼ˶ڳƷĽʲôԵ
ǳƷĳң̫ϳϣʱҲǴڱգ˼״ֱ̬ӷ
ͬʱƷǿҲ˿˻ᣬ鳹ȿ˸ӣƷڱ̩֮еҲʼΪ˽⡣
֮ǰûʲôԸȥ˽⣬ֻһӢӣһСǳصУξѣʲôùעġ
ڳƷһԾΪ洫ӣڳ֮͢еְλҲһԾΪƷԶҪ֪ڳ͢Ч洫ӶûнƷְλġ
ֻһҲˣǵһ뿪˷ڵȳƵˣһʵҸٽ˵ԭڷ֮ĬĬŵʱĽٶȣ֪Ҫ϶ٱ
ⲻɵ˶۾Ͼû˲ʵҲû˲ٷƣȳƾʲôֻԼʶƷʱ磬ͶƷʱѡ
ǲֻһȺŵӣڷ׷׶Ϊ˾ӢӣЩӢӿŶʮۺ졣
˵ųƷһһʱԭ߸ϵľӢӶ׷Ʒ£ҪƷóƷ£ΪƷ׷ߡ
νɽԶףʾ
ڳƷеģǵʱηһĴڣҺͳƷһͬ뿪
Ҫ¼Ȼûôˣɸѡż˲ֻһ㣬ѰŵҪͬȳΪƷ׷ߣǸܵġ
ŵ֮еٮٮߣмߵ츳пܱ¡
ҲŵӴأһõĻᣬǵǰϧûϧʧȥˣźĪ
ЩӢҲ࣬ѰľӢӼҪΪƷ׷ߣҲûʸ
ƷΪڽ״̬˸ûг棬ȳƽӵ˳ƷϢ֮ҹӱ̩з˷֮нд
־ᶨģĻ̥ģֻˮģͳͳ̭ȥֻЩʵҪΪƷ׷ߵĲпܱǽõƷָ㡣
ȳҲǱ˳ƷһĹ۵㣬󾫲࣡
׷ߣҪڹؼʱɵóĲſԣٶ࣬Ҫõʱһɢʲôôء
ˣʮɸѡҲɸѡʮӢӣһٸŵӣΪƷ׷ߡ
ټһЩ۵ŵӣԭΪһЩľƷ¿ʼ
ȷ˵һɵĶ֮󣬳ƷЩ˶еչؽĵطн
֮ǰƷҪһȺӢӺŵ֮еٮٮֻ߽»ᱻ˳Ц֪ߵغ񣬵ڲͬȷʵʸҲ˻ỳʸ
ֻʱ䣬˶оջǳǺܶ࣬ƷһһԵָ
ľ籾ͱЩҪߣټڴԶǵ󣬿νݽ겣׾ٵľܷǵ⣬İ취
ֻʱ䣬һʮУ֮һֱͻԭеľ磬ˡ
ʣµҲ
Ϣʱ˻Ȼ֪˴أûѡϳƷ׷ߣֱʧ


1823 վƷ壬ȫչ
ϾвףҪҲףΪԽǸҪͻƣҪĻԵҲһҪ̫ˡ
˼ԼΪгɣǵо飬Ҳֻɼˡ
Լָ㣬Ҳһһָ㣬ǳƷģĽĺ٣УҲĳЩ̫ϳϷŻˡ
ܹȥεĲ࣬˵ܹרŵõָ֮Ϊˡ
һ̫ϳ϶û˵Ѱ洫ˡ

һǳѵõĻᣡ
˵ƷָЩˣЩһôֻ»кܶ˳ЦƷ
̳ɲ˶еʸ
ԼļⲻȴҪǿп̳ôֻΪЦ
ǳƷǵ̳ȡõĳɹףȻ֮һֱӾͻˣʣµҲ
ʵǿ̫ϳҲ飡
Ҳʮֺ棬ƷȻĶûгǬ϶ţӢӵĲΣе֪ʶʵ̫ʵˡ
书ͨȭȷʵƷľͼûв֪ģҳƷָָܹ㵽ϡ
·ÿһϣƷмΪ̵˽⣬û֪ġ
ҲͨĽƷ׵׵۷Щĸĵӣ˵ԭΪ棬ΪƷܹѰ洫ṩ˵Ļھǳ׵ױƷշ
ν־ͬϣĪڴˣ
󣬳ƷǶˣȳΪ죬Ƿ˱̩֮УʼԶ
ڳƷľӣ͢һҲǷǳӣʹԭ̩ؾĶ߾ӣıԱҲ±±֮еٮٮߡ
ҲǸӵΪϲģΪܶ˶Լľ֮гֺܶϱӡ
Щûб±ҲǸϲıԱο±еٮٮߡ
֪ĻʳڳƷļܸߡ
ȳƵȷڵĵΪǼܣƷ˲ڣҲԽԶ
ΪƷڶۣ
ͬʱƷ˷֮иĽƷʯպý˳Ʒȼü֮ʱҪõƷʯĵط̫ˡ
Ǳҩɽά֣ĳɳ벻ƷʯĽ࣬ҲҪɴ
𳤽Ǽǿ˳ƷĹԭһеĶɽ͸𳤽ʵǲ̫ԶˣȻ𳤽һնˡ
𳤽ƥʱ򣬲ֵ쾡¡
Ŀǰ˵ҪȻһö̥ˣҲĶ
̥֮󣬳ƷԲٵȴĳ죬ֱΪͻƣһ츲صı仯
ȻǱ㣬չ˼ԳƷĻʮֵףһӪ˶ľƷ壬ڳƷȫӹ
Ȼ΢֮󣬾ͿʹˣƷ֮󣬳Ʒŷ֣Щ洫ӵסɷ壬Բֻһסô򵥡
Щɷ飬ָĽУ˵ֱһһ
зõĽ󷨣ǽõĽҲǺòȱġ
˵һɷȫڴĻʳǧ񲿶ͬʱȫܹɵ
ɷ壬ڷ֮ʤ֪ڵĵжôľˣһȫͷųֻҪ춯ء
ˣԷڵĵ̣ʮ֮Уǵ׵ĴڣǰڣȻԺͷɲ⡣
ĻʳһȷʵѰĿµ̣óƷ뵽治ͬն
Ҫӵ˵̣֪ҪѶʱмֿԡ
׽ӹ˾Ʒϵĸ󷨺ͽ磬ȷûʲôµβ֮󣬳Ʒų׿ʼ˱չء
һΣҪٽһֱͻƵǬأ
չƷ˲֮󣬾ͶɽͼĿռ֮С
ɽͼĿռУƷȶ߸Ưڰ֮Уؼһ㡣
ſ죬̥һû˳ƷУɲǼ䣬Ѿһɿֱֲɢ֫ٺ
һҪ˳űƷͷһη̥Ȼ֮ǰȣһö̥ƷʸߣҩҲǸΪ㡣
æתʼӴҩʼǬصıϡ
ϾոͻδãǬصޱȵļ̣׾ٵıͻơ
ƷżֻӣϵĳŸߵľ硣


1824 Ǭ
һµʱҴŶ
ɽͼУڰ֮еĳƷ˸ŵĹ⻪ȫɢģ
ȻؼųƷĺͬϫһ㡣
Ҳ֪ȥ˶ãƷ͵һ۾˫֮б˿˿⡣
䣡
֮бһžž·һ󳴶һƷ͵һһأֻ˻ȥ
ȫ·ӿķֱӺնӿѪ
֮Щͳͳ
Ʒ³һ
ͻƵǬأ
һµķͻƣֱͻƵǬء
սҲһ츲صı仯սԿǬأǺɨǬء
ͻԶһҪѣһͻƣսǶԶˡ
һΪ֮սԭеĻһ̨ףֱӳǬء
ʱǬԪҲ˿壡
е̶֮ȻΪǲ磬սӵ˺ЩһĶһս
֮ǰʣϲսʤƷǳƷҲԱˡ
ڳ֮󣬳ƷϽŽеǰ
һǰȣŵνһһأֱͬն
Ҫ֪һǰֻһĬĬŵŵӶѣڣֻǶ̶һ֮ƾͷ˷츲صı仯
˶֪ǳƷĵܵܣԳƷڵĵλνǷҡֱֱơ
˶֪ڵķڸ߲㶼ԳƷΪƷΨһ꣬ȻҲǱܸӡ
ڳƷ֧֮£ܹܾƷµĸԭȱԴڿνһӶൽöò꣬ǸسƷ洫ӵĺ񣬾һʱĲƸ
ǰڳҵʱܹᲢ۵ģʲôңһķ⡣
ЩŵӺ;ӢӶҪֺǴ˵Щԭ߸ϵ洫ӺͳˣҪƽԶԡ
һеĹؼȻǳƷˣҪûгƷЩĸۿһۣҪ˵ƽԶˡ
ƷֻѰ洫ӣҲЩ洫ӺͳϣĿ࿴
ǵٵʱܻһէľϲȻ֮֮뷨Ѿ˷츲صı仯ˡ
ȻҲףЩЩ˵ֺ˵ǽֺóƷ
һֻԼǿǿ
УҲΨгƷΨһİż񣬳ƷҲЩĶǵİϷֻƾ豾ǿʵԺɨ
ʱĺܺãЩ鶼ľԺؽңЩҲٲҪæģ
ƷĿųţŵǳҵӵܣϵ飬һͨʱҲǽƷ´ľ
ڳƷչصʱһд㶼ǿ˳š
ڳҲѾ¸Ļԭ֣ǵΪ˶Ŀĵ֡
ϾȻ˳ҵЩˣѾ˳ƷϣǵʦҲڴĻʳ֮УȻκβóƷȴ鷳
ԵҲǲ֮٣˳ƷɽȻԸĻˡ
Щ֦ĩڣףϻҪʵ˵ģ
Ʒ
磬ףһŬеģĵ˵ͷΪҲͬƷ˵
ǰֻһССŵӣᣬһ˶֮ϣڲͬ˶ҪӣһȴԼȡģǿ˳Ʒӡ
ⲢԼʵ֣
ţ֪ܺãʱ䣬һᾡָУ㾡ΪӢӣƷڱ˵ǧѵ飬ԴʵĳƷ˵ʵ̫ˡ
УǸʦãƷЦЦĿ˿˵
ѵ¶ɬ飬ʦѾҳδ˼ҵңңڣڶŮ˽ϵѾ˵ˣгһΪгɣΪ洫԰̧ӭţ
ţܺãȻˣ͸Ҫúˣҳ˾͸־һ洫ʲôδҲҪˣ̫Ȫ֪ҲοģƷ
Щ˳֮鱾ûʲôȤЩȻҪ䵽ŵϡ
İæ㣬Ž洫Ҳָտɴ˵Ҳʲôѵ顣
л磡
ŵ


1825 ꣬콾񾪱
գۼʱ䣬Ʒնɱһش̫ϳϽ򰲣ձߪΪ洫ӣѾʱȥˡ
ʱ֮УƷӼչزܹ˲ࡣ
ɵķ粨ҲƽϾ֮Уʱʱıд·Ʒµ飬Ȼˣνһҹ
ʱƣҲΪ
Ҳϰˣ洫֮УͻȻһУȻ֮󣬳ƷҲδۣǵһսѾ׵춨ڷ֮еĵλ
洫֮УҲһɽͷѰ˸ǲĴڣ
ʱ䣬㹻һսӰƽ
֮УƷżȳͨѶѯԶĳɹ֮⣬϶ǲ¡
ʱ䣬˵Ǻܾöûйеʱ䣬Ը⻹ǲԸ⣬Ľò۲۵ɣϾΪ̫ϳϵĽҲҪʵʵĽ㣬뿪
Ҳʲô鶼ûǵΪ˳ͻƵǬأ֮İڽΪƵǬ۷壬ֻһͿͻƵǬء
һͻƣ߱˺ЩĸһϸµıǮˣ
ǿ⣬ܹЩǿߡ
֮⣬һ߼ලȳƶԶн裬ϾδĻڡ
ƷлдԼҲòϵЩҩģͳͳ򱦸󻻳ԼҪҩġ
䣬ĵҩɢԶÿһʿС
ЩҲˣǱ͸Ʒʱ䲻̣Ȼ֪Ʒµķ񣬵ЩԶʿ׷ɵˡ
ΪڴĻʳµľƵĿ˵ʤΪʵȴǼΪټġ
ЩҩȻĻʳǲܲģĻʳôľӣֻ¹ֻҩһܹĻʳĲϿ塣
ЩҩǴԭǿ𵤾һͻƵ龳
һ²ʿȻ±Ƕһ±֮еٮٮߣÿһǾپսǾǾ֮еľ
ǵʵҲǷǳǿ󣬲ԭ̩ؾʵ̫ˣҪ𵤽𣬾ͷ˳Ʒܴˡ
ЩҩİټϾжǿŵĸΪ书ؼ͵伮±ʮ𾪺˷ܡ
ЩڴĻʳ붼ǳͨܶ龳зҲͨˣֻǿ˵츳еز
֮ԻѡӦ飬Ӹ˵ҲϣԽԼ־֮󣬶һЩͨѧ
ڴĻʳ֮УЩʿЩͨѧߣҴڸһģϾĻʳʤ֪жٵзͬǳĻʳԼ˵ˡ
Щͨѧ϶ڸ߲㿴ֻѰͨѧκܵͣûбҪȥơ
ȻܿɣֻҪսܹãʵϣ󲿷±ûжþͻһδεж֮С
ڲҲûֹͣڶ˵滹ǿ廢˴Ļʳչս·ǳƽܹþĻʵϲࡣ
ѵһЩڹķţ٣ϰ֮֮⣬ĻϸԴѻá
ڳƷȻˬ죬Ҳǰ˵ҪΪţδпܴлһЩսӶһ
ڳƷǼһ֪Ҫ˶١
ֻƷͳ׵׵շؾµľġ
ȻǴ̣Ȼ֪ʿãδԡ
̶̵ֻİѣؾµʵǳ죬˽龳ǺεȺ˵ĳ棬ǳƷһ˵󷨼ʱգϢΣֻϾҪȻˡ
ҲóƷԭͲļҵһӾ͸Ϳˣ˵˶¾ȥ취׬Ǯ˽ˣǳƷһ̬Ҫӳȥ׬ǮҪԼȥʣ˾мĺ䶯
ЩֱʿһǸм֣ûгƷôùӡ
һжͬϢĳƷԼĵƣ֪ʱͰǰȣҪǿ˺ü
ֻһֱû֪ˡ
һֱһµ콾񵥵ĳ¯һȫһĸֵע
콾ϣĵһĻǴĻʳǬԪ
ǬԪԴĻʳңСʱ޴ߣһǿߵĴУ֮սǿܷ
ʵȻǬ۷壬Ȼ컯


1826 콾һƷ
콾ĸ£ν£
Ǭ컯
һ괫
֮·תǬȡ컯һ㣡
˵Ǭֻ˵ǿ˵ֵУ˲СĻô컯ȫͬˡ
Ҫ֪ʮŵ̫ϳҲֻ컯ѣ
Ϊﵽ컯һʦʲôʦԿɵĴʦ
ѰһŵҲΪѣֻΪǿ
ʣǬԪѾ֮У
ֶ˾֣Ȿ䶯Ϣ䶯£ȴһ֮еһ컯ĸ֡
˵֮ǰ˵ǬԪһһ֣Щ飬Ͼ֮µ콾ϵΪ޼
һε콾£һһ˵ͷʼȫʵȷʵ˵ǰ档
ǶԴٲˣҲ޻˵Ĳӹɡ
Ǭ컯֮Ĳ࣬νرֻһȴҲĲࡣ
ڰ񵥹֮ûжãڰϵǰʮУа˸ֱչص״̬С
һŰ񵥸֮Ӱɴ˿ɼһߡ
һŰ񵥣Щ߸ϵ֮ǣÿһӵ˼ΣУϾ˵ǬԪҪһ㣬ԼǴûôΪġ
ԼУԺǬԪƽƽĴڣǬԪľѾߵǰ棬βż
˸׵ǣֲ಻ֻһѣǬԪңڴĻʳλȨأԼһһĴڣԼеԴ֪ж١
֮ǰǬ۷壬һֱûͻƣһûа취ֳһƴأ컯ǬԪʺʹĻʳĿغԴбĳ̶ȣʱͻƣǷǳġ
Ϊŵзʽһ˲ͬģһ˶ˮĥ򣬰Ͱͻơ
ȴͬ˵ûʲôͰ˵һӭΪĴ󱬷
ʱΪͻ˱ȱȽǡ
ǬԪǬʱҲܳȴں̵ܶʱǬ۷塣
Щǣÿһ˼ΪǿҵΣУҪ̸ǬԪĽȣԶ˺
һŰ񵥵ĸ£ΪĵĵȻǬԪΪͻƵ컯һٶ֮ϡ
Ƕںܶ˵һŰβһ֣ʣһĴ̼
콾һڣƷ
ݣκңԭƽƽƵõ׽ڵĴУһɳ죬ڴĻʳƽ֮սУɱλʱĴš
ڣ̵ʱ֮ڣʹŵһ¶Ϊ洫ӣɱħһش̫ϳϽ򰲣𶯷¡
һʵɲ⣬ӵжִУڶ࣬սҲҫ۵ı֣츳ȼߡ
콾һֵĹ˲仩ȻĸԭڣΪȣƷ֣ȷʵһ֪֡
ˣÿһʱھѾֳ˼ǿ츳ͬ޵У֪˶ǿУǵ콾񣬶Ȼ飬ֻвͬѡ
Щ壬壬壬콾Ҳʮʮ꣬˶ǵ֣ҲѾϰˡ
ǳƷȴͬͻȻð˵̫İˡ
֮ǰȻѾڣҲСǲβ涼ܵͣ˵Ҳֻһ֮ˡ
콾ͬ콾һĸֵľۼأʲô֮㶼Ѽȥ
ϾЩ콾ÿһʾˣͬʱҲǷǳ֮̿࣬ҪûһرֶΣܼȥ
ֻܵȴ񵥸»һ콾ͷ׷׵ߣʵԽ콾ɼ֮󣬲ܹϰ
ƷΥɣһٳ콾һ
Ʒ˭ѵҲŴ˲ɣ
˵ĵһӦŴһŰ񵥣ȻֻǵһѣϰˣǸ콾ͳͳڰϣ漰飬Ҳֻһӱ
֪ܹϰ񣬱ѾǼΪѣһ绪δز۱ȻĶ֮һ
˿ν۷׷ףǬԪһ컯ҲȽôһ֮ϰҪõĶˡ
Ƕ˵ۣĳЩ˵ѣмڳֻͣһ䣬񲻿
һʱ䣬˷׷Ϣģìͷ׷׶׼˳Ʒ


1827 콾Ȼ
ųû˸һɣ
Ҳֻţ˵֮֮һǳǿĵΪؼ飬˵
ȻҲûܹƳ콾콾֮ϣν񣬵ذ¼ĶӰµĳ
ÿһӵо춯صʵݣÿһǶһţ¶Ҫ
͵ذϵһвʣĶ콾ϵЩ콾ϵǣһΪܷı仯Ҳ֮޴ı仯
Ȼ񣬵ذϵϢд̫ԣֻ˵ǵ㵽Ϊֹ
ƺǶԴܻЩĸֵϢƺҲЩ鷳
ԶǱ콾ʱдôȷ
Ҳɴ˿ɼһֱȾµһǬԪȷʵǵС
ǬԪѾã˶лɣвȴҲû취˵ʲô
ʵӲ컯֮ǬԪȷʵ˾һǧ
ǳƷͬͻȻðû꣬޸ƯƼ
˶Ȼһ־ϰΪʵϰ˵ֱжд̡
ȻȻ󲨣ͬһ㣬ŷ֮еĳƷѹȥ
һʱ䣬νսͬѩƬһ׷ɶȥ
ڳƷ֮ǰڽչأˣЩ˲ûܳУʱƣƷһʱ䣬ڳŷڸ
Щսڵĸ߲ҲԸᣬ˵˾ͽһ仰ֻһСѣôС֡
ЩλڷڶĴ˵콾ᣬֻСѣǰ˭ûоᣬЩʲô
콾񣡡
Ʒոս˽㣬ͽӵһ콾
ͶӰһŹĻĻ콾ϵϰ
콾ϣϰˣٵнܣʵݣгս۵ȵȣһЩеԴе
ЩѰ˵ǻܵϢӦǲǰģһ콾϶е
ƷҲ˹ԼĲ֣˵ĲͬĲ֣϶ǳƷѾ¶ĶиεĶδ
ƷƱ¶Ķܶ࣬Ȼʵϣλںĵĵƣȴ֪ƺ˵еҲ޷
Ҳܵģ
ͨһŰ񵥣Ʒܶණֻһźų֪ﲻƵӦҲкܶơ
ʵϣڵʵļ֮УƷ֪鲢ټ
ЩرطЩһЩرķͿԸݣ˵ƷеɽͼΪʵȻǿԸЩݵġ
һЩΪǿǿߣԴӴˣͿݡ
ųﲻƣʵҲʲôġ
϶ڳƷжϣҲԴѾ¶Щƣδ¶ǰģ֪ˡ
񣬵ذ϶Щǿ߶ǵ㵽Ϊֹ겻䣬ֻҲֻΪɵЩֵʵֻ¸ԭǣҲûа취ݳЩֵưɡ
ҲͬųƵǰﲻֻ֪ȫ¶ݲǡ
Լ񣬳ƷҲЩȻĵȴǬԪϢ
ǬԪȻУһͻƵ컯
ţһͻƴ󾳽Ĺذ֮󣬱Ȼһͻͽ¡
ĿǰĳƷ˵ɲʲôϢ
ζųƷǧ׷ǬԪĽŲ֮ȴһͻˡ
ҲζųƷԤ֮ǬԪһ˶ϵʱҪƳˣΪҪʱ䡣
ȻǬԪӭһͻͽ£ǳƷԼٶҲ
磬ڿ鷳ˣ˵ܶ˶콾в˶ڸ·ϣ
ʮֲ˵
Ʒ콾ȻֻһǶƷ£һϲ¡
ǻδ˶ãѾ˸
ԭòײƽ˰ľƷ壬һ·³Ϊ˷¹עĿꡣ
콾ϰ˿Ʋ٣Ȼʵϣƽֵ壬֮Уȴǲġ
֮УԭҲֻһ˱Ƿϯӣɡ
λ콾ڶʮ
֮⣬ҲֻгƷһ񣬿֪ڷ£˺εȵȻ󲨡


1828 ɱ޻˵
һ콾óƷһ죬Ϊ֪
֮Ҳǻΰ룬Ϊϰ콾콾пûиףҲױܵĴڡ
ƷҲͳ˵Ŀ꣡
콾УûеƷӵеʵ
Ʒ콾ս˵֮̽£ȻҲ㲻ʲôܡ
ΪˣԲŻΪƷʵħ˵һ㲻ʲô˲õսһʵ˵֪֮̽£͸ʲô
ħ֮ʵ˿ҲǷǳޣܻҲࡣ
˵ش֮սǿһŽѣĶȻȴȫûУʹôޣͲǱʵ
ΪˣΪ콾ӵ֮ˡ
޷ڣسأ
Ʒų˵һЦȻ˾䲻ϰ񵥵Ҿɱ޻˵ˣ
ЩɣƷǲʲôȷʵɵ㣬ҲЩ棬󵽵ͨʲôжʵ
Ȼܹʵ
磬Щ˿ɶǵ֮
ȻԳƷģǶٶмֵģϾЩս֮ˣһ洫֮еٮٮߣ츳֮
νʵǴԸǬԪǬԪѾͻƵ컯ֶ뿴ҵʵҾǿˣ
Ʒ˵ԭ㱩¶ʵǬԪһֲ
ƻϲϱ仯ȻˣҲͲˡ
ǬԪ
ҧгݵҲǺ˽⵽ȻҸ˱˵ϣǴӸԴ˵ǬԪЩ˾ɱƷЩΪƷŽųն
ԴӸԴ˵УǱˣǬԪ
ҲףʵҪ𣬸ܣеϣе˳Ʒϡ
ģǬԪҵϣһʱ䣡
Ʒĳŵļ̾һ˵
ڸҵսжˣùҿ
Ʒù˳ŵݹս飬˵һս顣
ڣҶ
֣ڷ֮УʣԺգڷ֮еŮӵһղ̨֮ϡ
ڽϯɵĿ
һΪǿĵزڷ֮У洫֮˵Ҷڵڶ
೤֮УܹȼģҲǷëǵˡ
ΪԶɹսδ϶Ǻĵ̫ϳ֮еһԱûпܡ
ڷڵȨṹ֮Уϣ֮⣬ǼȻǺĵ̫ϳţȻ̫ͨϳϡ
ֻгΪ˺ĵ̫ϳţ˷ڣĻʳĺȫײ㡣
ҲΪһ콾ж
ҶǾʹҶʼˣǶϰǽôҾ֪ϰ񣬶ϲˣǲ࣡
ƷӦҶսʱ֮Ϣͬ˳һһҹ֮䣬˷ڡ
һӾ˵ٶȣ⴫ȥ
Ϊһ콾񣬳ƷһʱĽ֮һһεӦսҲ˲㱬ڵ
洫֮һҶȻսƷʣ˫һǷ˼֮ӣҪһսҲĿһս
Ʒ군ˣ콾Ȼ֣һȴܹصסģ
͵˲ڶսЩˣĸǳѾãʵǿĸҪǿĶˣ
ڿ¾ҪԭˣҿҲҪʧǰˣ
Ʒʵ츳Ҳʮ־ˣҲϿɵģ콾ȴͬˣôȺô֮Уֻһϰûʸ񣡡
۷׷ףȻû˿óƷƷٶȻ죬ǺƸȣкܴĲࡣ
ǣһΣ˿֮еڶʸϰҲҶҲǳƷ
ǧȺɽ֮Уǧɽ֣һÿøߴĿεضֱʣͬһ㣬ܲȺɽ
Ⱥɽ֮Уһɽ֮ϣӰֶңңȥһƬã
˽°ɫۣߣֻǻƸӷһЩһ֪Ƿ洫ӵװ
һˣԼĪŶʮ߰ģ絶üޣзڵһܹһ۾ϳǷϯӡ
ɣ


1829 Ʒ˵Ӱ
Աߣһʮ˾꣬ĸߴ罣һ㣬ˡ
˵սƷɨһǸ꿪˵
겻ǱˣǷ洫֮һҶ
ս̸ս
Ҷüëһ˵
ֻһˣ
ɵһЦȴҪ֮ˣ
֮ϣֻҪ֪һΣ콾Ŵˣ
ҶЦһ˵
εĸ˵Լû콾ҲˣȻһ׷˹ȥֱܴ衣
ĿֻһǾ㣡
Ҷ˵
㲻ҵĶ֣˷ʱ䣬Ҳûôʱ䣬Ҫչأ컯أ
ɨһҶδҶĻϣȻڵڶʮ콾ϣǬԪ֮⣬󣬼ǰʮҲδظ˵ȵʤ
ȻҲ׷֮ģñרǰ
㻹һĿ
ҶȻô˵֪֮ģĲſǬزã̫ˣ㾳ϲǱ˴˵ĲҲδС
ҲмֽǬԪ컯һɿһһĶ콾ʼչص״̬
˵һ޴Ŀ飬ϾǲŸո򣬶ЩȴѾʼ̵һ򣬶еˣѾһ
ǳƷҲȰҪһЩҷڵԱ棬Ȱ㣬ҪΪĳЩ˻ȡ
ζĿһҶ֮˵
Ҷüͷһ飬ֲѵңҪһٽȥ콾񣬵һϯ֮أ
չذɣأұȻ׷ĽŲ
Ҷ˵ֱ꣬ӻһݹ⣬ʧ֮С
ҡҡͷҶĸվ̫СˣҶ̫֤Լ̫ˣŸ߲㶼ܿóƷǿóƷδ
ԳƷܰܣҲֻܰԼ֣ûǸʱ䣬ҲûǸҪ콾ǰʮƷڰβһ¡
Ҳ䵽ҶͷϣҲ֪ЩҲҶЩ˲֣Ҷȴԡ
ЩˣڵģҲģƷˣģʲôΪ֪
ҲڱչǰϦҶ޵˼Ҳ֪Ҷûס
ҶͬڶһĽǶȣȻҶһ޶
ȻҪ̵ôϵѹô
ƷԽǿԽǿģȻԽӣȻҪŵĳԶչǣһ֮˽ֻᱻԽԽû䣬ĳʢ˥
ʢô꣬һ׳ѡλƣҲоı׼ϣͿܱΪΪ
֮󣬷ڣȺɽ̨ۣ֮֮С
ȻǷڵĸֽ֣¹֣Ǽ˷ڵ֣Щ洫ӶԴ˷ǳȤ
ĳ϶һսʮȤ
Ȼ˿Ʒ϶ǲҶģȻƷ׾ٵĻħһҲڹΪ洫֮еٮٮߡ
Ĵսǲģ
Ⱥɽ֮۵̨Χ洫Ӻͳ飬ۼ
ݣ㹻һһŸȥˣǸŵ
һֱʱ򣬲ܹᵽƷӰΣЩ֮ǰֻ²ǱҶͷģл൱һǳųƷġ
ϾΪ洫֮ӰѾǽˡ
һ˺ܶ洫ӣϵóľжʮһЩֵģҶϵã˵кܶĳˣһսȷʵעĿģ
˫˭򵥣һ콾һٵһǷ֮нڴʦֵĸ֣
һοҪͿǳƷֵܹʲôʱˣ
ŵӶ׷׵ɴ۾쿴洫ֻ֮࣬±һӿĻҪࡣ
ϾЩ洫ӣʵڻزģЩس֮⣬϶ѾϵˣҲѵܹͬʱô洫ӡ
Ⱥ֮У洫֮У΢΢ЩȻû˱Ʒĵӣ϶һ磬ҳƷڸûжʱ䣬ǺԼƽƽԶԶԼ
֪Լܻһս
Ʒˣأ˸ʱ˷ˡ


1830 īӥ
ȴһһܵʰϣȺɽ֮۵̨ϣʵû·ģ˵ȻʲôѶȡ
Ϊ˶ɣų̂׸Ҫ
Ʒĳڲͬһһʰϣֱ̤֮ϣ·ڽ̨ףֱͨʡ
ͥŲ
һһƷ̨֮ϣܣЩ֮УƷҲ˲ϤӰ˵ղ̨棬лԶˡ
ǰƷ͸Ϊ磬ȴɵĿ͸ΪѾǬصľ硣
ѹһϳԿˣٶȣò˶ʱ䣬ǬҲǲѵġ
겻ղ̨ǬظˣֻһֽĲ࣬Ʒܹжϳһ£ղ̨ǬأҲֻʱˡ
һǬأ洫֮еٮٮߣΪǬأ洫콾֮УҲһǳԵķˮ롣
ֻдﵽǬأпܳ컯δпܳΪ֡
һղ̨磬ô϶õԷڵȫϾһǬغһ컯ĸ֣ȫĸ
ҲһǣǽʱѣԶȻѾǬˡ
ȻֻǬһأǬľϢѾ൱ȶ׵˻ض龳
뵽ԶǷ֮壬ǷʣԴ˷츳ȻӹɣǬԲյ㣬෴ģڷʵ˵ⲻǸոտʼˡ
֮⣬д洫ͳϼĸ־ۼ󲿷ֵģǷڵģڵĺ٣Ϊʱ̫̣Ϲ
ⲻ֪ڿ˵ʱҲڹעǻԶ鸴ӣΪȲν죬ͳƷһΪӢӣȥΪ洫ӡ
ٶȼֱͬһģƽȻΪҫ۵ľţʱգĿԺ콾ϵЩ콾һϸ£ڽǲڽ¡
Ĺâȫһ˸ˣǾǳƷ
ŵӴȿʼͽƷľ֣δܹ콾ϵһϸ£Ʒھ콾ϡ
˫ĲһĿȻ
ڲģҲеĲ࣡
ûʧȥģʼѾǶ⣬δضǶ
һʱȻƣȴҲȫ޷ܣ
ǳƷô
ƺҲбһΣȻһսˣ
֮ǰ˵һʱ򣬳Ʒδȫ˭Ҳ֪ĵʲôطһҶҪȫȻٰܵľ棡
洫֮УҶڴʦ֣һΪҲǾ춯أ˵ʱڣѾõ˲ĴУδܹһݣ˵һлᣡ
˵ԭ洫ҲսƷ˭֪ҶȻΪǿˣ
Ͼϵ콾ôһҲ˲õ
ֻ콾ĩҲ˲õˡ
ڳƷ֮ûжãȴ֮ϣһӰ˹ȴһֻ޴ޱȵķڸ߿֮ϡ
һֻͨɫͬһͷӥչϰףһͷޡ
һͷӥ֮ϣһӰֶ
Ҷˣ
˿һͷӥѾ֪˭ˡ
ȻҶһͷӦþǴ˵еīӥ˰ɣ޿Ϲ޵ѪҪշֶݣǲܵ飡
Ը°ΪշǴӻǵʱ򣬾Ϳʼһ𳤴󣬷пͨ
˵ǵҶҼ֮У͵һīӥĵͬеҶҸ˲أȫīӥȺնɱֻҶҼӳ죬ΪҶţҶҿνǽ߾ȫˣ
˶ŹҶһͷīӥĴ˵ҶҲӲܻ䣬ʵҶҲûҶʧͰڣܿڸǷ洫֮ϯɡ
˼˲ܹһͷīӥϸоһ˵ѹ·Եһͷµޡ
Ǭأ
Ʒڣ³ĸ֡
ĿҶµīӥ֮ϣҶīӥǬء
ҶǵԼΪǿᣬһͷīӥΪҲ˿Ҷ֮¡
īӥȺڹ֮УҲհ֮һһּΪµݡ
һͷīӥͱڳųɾŵĸֶҪǿ̫ˡ


1831 ֮˭
ҲҶĵڣ
ֻ裬ͱȾ洫ӻҪ̫ˣ
Ҷ߸ϣųƷȻ֪ҵʵ־ܰɣʵһҺһͲһ£ҪɱŲغϣ
Ҷֶ֮Уżš
ڳƷѹǿϵģ׵ĻܳƷȴƫƫҪĵս飬Ϊʲô
ΪĿ֮½Ʒܣȫ֤콾ûǴġ
ûҲˣƫƫһƷⲻǴش
ôţƷЦһ˵
ţʵ
Ҷ˵
ҲŴʱһΣҾҪǾ
ƷЦһ˵λãҲҪ콾ϵҵ֮˭
ƷȻߵͬԼģû˭ƣܹľߵһ
һ㣬ҶˣƷҲˡ
һ˭һ
ҶЦһɲǼ䣬ˣֱһֱӳ֣վīӥ֮ϣֱһץ֡
¡
ɲǼ䣬˶оΧһ˵ٶȱԭ۲ɼֱӻۿɼһڰ֮Уͬһֻ֣һӴ£ųƷץ˹ȥ
ɴӡ
ڳ洫Ӻͳ϶һϳҶʩչѧʽ֣Ƿɴӡ
ֻͬʽ֮д󲿷˶Ȼʩչһֵ֮һ
е˸оԼʩչķɴӡһİٷ֮һ֮ࡣ
񷶼ڶҡҶ赭д֮䣬ȻֱӾͶҡأųƷͷ
мһ֣֪ûУ
ǳƷȴ˿ֲĴγɵĿϵ·졣
֪ʲôʱĴֳһץɲǼ䣬ֱץ׹⣬׹ջһڹӵĳֱ͵һ䣬ɲǼ䣬һֱն䵽˷ɴӡ֮ϡ
䣡
һĽâնͬһ޴ֱӺ˷ɴӡ֮С
ɿֲĵײɲǼ䣬̨ϵĽ磬ֱֽС
ҲúܶΪһ洫ӺͳϷ׷һʲôЦֻײನһ޷ƥеĸоֱĻǲ·һô
һ֮Ȼֲĵزֱ¼ˣ
޲Ȼ
˵ԶۿЩ龳ĺĵӸǷ׷ɫ䣬Ǽֱܹô
˵洫ӣ֮Ĳܹ࣬ǿĵز
ǰƷɱһʱһħ֮ʵƷɴݲȣǸʱһƷʵȲڿµʱ䣬ǿˣһսǵʱƷʵһ³Ųħˣ
кĵӼǰһսƶ˵ȻǰڣƷʩչʵܹġ
ǷֱĳʵĲģ
ҶҲֻ֣Ȼ˫̽Ľ׶ΣҶһѰ洫һͻᱻش˰ɣµīӥδսţƷһҪ洫ӣʤ㣡
˵˷׷׵˵ͷû˾īӥսʲôԣϻרѱֱ֮ͬЩѱǿΪãҲֶΡ
û˾ʤ֮䡣
֮ԺͬΪ˻ֶΣǿֹߣ֮ˡ
ûǻ۵ֻƾо޴޵ģǻ۲ǿ
Ҷֻӵĳ̶ȣûκʤģԲ̽ˣƷ˵ȻóҶ̽ˣδ֡
ҶһĨЦȻ˵û뵽һȻܹһش򰲳ϿãȻˣҾҪˣ
Ҷ֮â
¡
һΣٶȳˣɴӡٶȳ֣һγֵȴ֮ǰҪǿʮֹ
ʵǬصʵ
֮ǰҲѰǬصʵһֶûó
ٶΪ֮𶯣˷·ܹо֮ϣһֻھҵķؼžҵĻζһز˷׷ŵɫ
ɴӡƷҰܣ


1832 Ҷˣ
һεķɴӡԺ͸ղԲͬ
һ֮У̺ҶͨУ̩ɽѹһֱֻղ˵ҪС࣬һĴСȴʮ
ǿ洫֮ƾһ֣ҶʦҲӦλ콾Ŷԣ
콾϶Ŵˣ
콾֮գڽ죡
˽Щ˶Ҷ֧ߣҶڷ֮оӪ꣬νǸ񣬲֪жٵ֧ߡ
ڿҶʵ֣ʱ׷׽
Ʒ޾ɫϣÿһë׶³֮һڱ֮
һڱֱջ߿ھ޴ޱȵ
׽֮деģֻĸֲܹѧֵ߽
¡
һٶȳֱ֣Ӻ˷ɴӡ֮ϣ˺ѿһУֱͬƿʯһ㣬һɴӡն롣
¡
ɴӡֱӱը룬ʧȥʲôԼһ˲ֱɢȻ̫꣬ˣӶֱҺˡ
һ֣ͱȸղŻҪӿֲʮ
˫ֵ͵ȣǲͬն
һƷ赲ס֮ҶХһһӵ˳ȥֱӷӶȻֱһֻż̤ȥ
ȣ
۵һֻϣͬƣȼһֻһ㣬ݺݵ
ʱȻ̨ţ˻ǲɵ÷׷׺˿ܹоһ̺Ŀֲǵ
Ҫ̨Ľ赲ڿ϶ҪԶܶԶ
һľۣҵȻҲǬֻһŶֵס
һϲɵþֵ˵
䣡һ˲ͺ˳ƷվλֱӻһƬ棬һƬ𺣡
̨ھҵĶ
ȻֿһӰӻֱ֮ӳ˳ȫһƬ׼һȫС
ţ˾ֻƷһԾ׼׵ı֮£ղһܶв·ûҡ
һȻƷû£
˽һĻ޲Ȼ
Ѿ㣬ۿϾҪͻƵղ̨棬ҲǺȻɫ
ȻֻһܹǬأûû룬˵սеκһ´ʱѾˡ
һһ̧㣬ǳԽļޡ
ʱƷδ𣬾ԭȲʤȯҶʱҲ΢΢ЩȻ
һûʲô֣˵һǬصĸ֣Ҫ֣ԴСľͻᱻش
˵ǬˣѰǬصĸˣ·һһܡ
ǿųƷӣ˿Ҫܵӡ
ȻһôҶͫ΢΢ʱѾо˳ƷѲˣʹв࣬һΪﵽ˼ȿµĵزӦһޡ
ټϲ֪ѧһǿޱȵ׷ޱȵļ֡
ؼͨ׷ΪѲʱ֮ƣٶȸһļӳ֣᲻ɴݡ
û㣡
Ʒѧϰ׷ȫģûκѭ仰˵ҪܳƷΨƾűǿʵпܣͶȡɡ
֪Ʒʩչ׼ףҲѰһżΪ˵õͨΪ׻սףϹҲǺպġ
ܹȴ٣֮м׺ʡ
ܣ
׻ս׵ȻҲӹɣʱ򣬼᲻ɴݣܹǿжǼ硣
˵ٶȻǹǷ˵ûκġ
׻ʱǿ׻սףߴսҹսʤ֮֮ǿӹɡ
Ҳֻ׻ս׵ĳ̬ѣȻʩչҪѾܸˣΪ׻սױʵҪ󼫸ߡ
ƷҲǿǬ֮󣬲ų߱ʩչ׻ս׵
Ҳͷһʩչ
Ϊڴ֮ǰһħԳƷ˵Ҳǹвʩչ׻սס
һʩչ׻ս֮󣬳ƷԱ˸ޡ
һϰɣҶȻκβң
ƷһȣĻ䣬һ˸ѾҶ
ҶɲǼ䣬ͷӦ˹ֱӷһ˳ȥ
أ
һ޴ޱȵĺһѪ罦
˷ҶϣֱӲһֻɫıƿķֱ֣ӽƴˡ


1833 ս
𽣣
˶Ʒһڸ𳤽˲ƿҶķֱ˵Ҷ
ҶķӦٶȹĻƶ
𳤽񲻿ɵνǼֵǣǶھͨ书ʽĸ˵һɱʲôҪ˳̫ˡ
ڳƷУ𳤽ʮ
һܹᲢ۵ģ
Ȼ˵ң
Ҷ֮ŭæ˦˦ԭѪֹ˿ڣ𽥿ʼϣٶȺղŵԤвˡ
赲˿ϣ
һ鷳Ľ
Ҳ͵Ϊֹˣ
Ҷޱȵᣬ˵Ʒ˵ˣ͵һƴϣԤ֮⡣
䣡
һɲǼ䣬һֻӡƾֱĵ˸ղųƷվĵطֱӽһƬطĿմˣһĻ˵Уֱ¼ˡ
ǳƷûбУһ˲䣬ѾҶ
ٶȿһ㣬Ѱ˸ӦһֱԳΣ˲ڷӳ˹
ʱ𳤽ֻߵӰߵΧڳƷΧ߽߷أѲΣ˵ǹ汸
ݣݣݣ
һֱ֮ӻĸꡣ
ҶĮĽ£һͷīӥͨɲǼ䣬Ѿٶͬޱȡ
һͷīӥĿ֮£Сֻ࣬൱ѰҵĴС
ٶҲࡣ
䣡
䣡
䣡
֮ϣһ޴ޱȵĺ˸˽ֵٶȣֻܹ֮Уһ޴ıըһըѿ
˫ԽԽңⲻ̨̫֮Уͬһ㡣
ôܣƷȻӵʵҶȫֵ£ܹսڣֱ˼飡
ӦǸ֮ɵսװɣǸս׼ǿ˳ƷĹٶȣ˺ܿͲ³˾ΪʲôϾҲѲ¡
һӱˣϾʿ˵ٶȣҪأȡһɾʹߣͼڲ֮ء
˵˶óһͨΪ˲á
ͨӦüŶԣƷôڻܹ
˲˼˵һЩʱǿʵͨǲûжţвԼҲһ㣬Ǻʣ϶Ἣĺķͷ
ԽͨѧҲԽǿֲ
ǿƷӣ˿ûмֲסҪܵӣ֪ƷķǻĿˡ
ƷֻǸոսǬôôⷨĻ̶ȣҶָٶȸǾˣϾ뵽˹ؼ˵
Ҳ벻ס
ʱ̨֮ϣҶҲѾʶ⣬˸˵ٶȣĲԣķƷûģά׻ս׶˵ҲǷǳ
ǸֲĻָٶȣǰŸոĴžѾָˣӼ޾
ԭãʵռƣ˵´־սӦŶԣڿƷҪֳ־ս
ųƷԽǳ֣ҶܹоƷڸͨѧϣ׻ս׵ȵĸҲڲ
ٶȣܹ׸о
ֲģܹս֮Ȳֱǹ
ս֮У˶ǽ񾭣˿ģ£һսһ߷ս飬һΪãǶôµ顣
սپԲɳȥҶϾʶˣԼȻ˳Ʒĥʯˡ
֮âĶס˳Ʒ
ɲǼĹ͵һȫķЩ۳һն
ֱӳһץȻôһɲǼ䣬ķһӷ
¡¡¡
һµıըһӱ˿̨ҵĶԭβƵĽȻҲһ˵ٶȶҡ
ڵĸ߼Ʒ
˾һ˵ǶϳˣڵֶΣ߼Ʒ
ڵҲҪ㹻ԴУǵͼķ
ͼıƷҪж٣Ǹ߼ıƷȴŪ
ЩƷɵĿֲ󣬼Ҫ̨ըˣÿһűƷӦöǼ۸񲻷ƣȫһ˳
ʲô


1834 һĵ־磬ý
ҶΪƵ洫ӣĵ̣Ȼһܹȵϵġ
ټϱһҶҵ֧֣˵һ㶼ȱ
ԴȱҲԴ
ҲǳƷӣû֧ŵĶ̰ڡ
ȻĻƷҲѡڣԺ֮еĴУ㵥ǹƥδҲܹͷ۷塣
ֻǸʱҪӺˣ
˾ͻᶼҪɵˣÿһűƷ൱ǬֵȨһҶһӳϰţֵѾƷʯˡ
һ˶ڹؼʱ򣬵ʹõġ
ǵҶӳȥˡ
طҲˣƫƫ̨֮У̨Ȼһô󣬵ǶǬĸ˵뼸ͺûʲôֱ
ϰűƷ屬ըûпռóƷ
ƷҲֻѡӲ˰ɣҲҪ˰ɣ
˰²⣬ٶ޹أСĿռ֮УƷٶȱסˡ
Ȼ޾ıը̳ɢȥ֮ȴղŻݵĳƷϵ׻ս׶Ѿ𲻿ӲǿֲĹڳƷ˵ҲǼΪġ
ڣҶһ㲡Ҫ
һɲǼĹҶֱٶȳˣȣ
һֻ޴ޱȵĴ͵һӳųƷ̤ȥ
µһͷīӥҲѾͨһֱӿʼȶ
ɲǼ䣬ӳµֱ˻֮У˵ơ
һӾͽȵǿ˺ü
Ҷ֮򶨵ĹâһȥϣǬѶƷ̡
ǬصĸӲҲشֱ³
īӥϵõʱ
䣡
һֱӽԭޱȵ̨̤һ޴ޱȵĿն̨̤ˡ
ƷأûУ
˾
Ⱥ֮УԭԳƷĵĳţʱҲһ̫ˣڳûܹסһš
Ҷǵ֮
Ⱥ֮Уղ̨棬ԶҲ׷ۣҪһ
һĴսļҳ̶ȣѾԶԶǵ󣬻ǣ֧Ų
û
˼һȴֻǼ̤˵̨֮ϣһȫŽɫëȫɢŽɫâӰӲС
ȻûҶ֮˸־ŭӵ飬ղһƷǵûûˡ
Ȼ洫֮ȫò㣡
Ʒһȫֻоȫ¼ž졣
ǧһ֮ʣֱӱ˳꣬ǿٱ˳֮һΣסҶһ
ƷȫͨƣÿһëϣƺӡŹϵķģϢ
Ϊ̫޵ĳϱ̫ͬһĿϢ
ǳƷǿ״̬Ϊ˳֮ʵֹ֮ࡣ
ղźҶ²Ĳ࣬ƷûһʼͳȫҶΪĥʯ
ԳƷڵʵܹ˵Ľȫֵ˿ɲˣ֮ͬУǷëǡ
ǰδеĺûᣡ
Խս֮УƷԽǿ죬Ѹپͽ׻սף书ͨΪԼġ
սõĴ߻
Ҳļˣ׻սףҲֻ˵ǿҶȫֵ״̬
ƷЩ⣬޷Ҷ
Ǳˣֻ¾Ѿˣ
Ҫ֪ҶǿǬصĶ֣ƷֻǬضѣ˴֮䣬ʵֱ֮
ǬرƽǬصҶսŵ˭ϣ׵ģ˵κ˶ƾһսһս
ΨгƷǲģ
ΪûҶȻҶߣȻڳƷ˵ҶĿꡣ
ֵעģҲֻǬԪѣ֮·ϣǬԪҲֻһѣĿ꣬ǵپﵽǰ޹˺ߵľ磬ӡ
ĵôҶ䣬鱨ᵽƷܹΪ꣬һطͨ
Ǹʱϣط޷ǾǺһħĲΣĸָв
ŷ֣һдشʱĳƷɢϢоļ¡
ָо׹ߣһ͸ĸоӽŵֱš
һĵ־磬Ҳýˣ


1835 ˽ᣬҶܣ
ʲô㾹Ȼ˵ĵ־磡
Ҷʱ¶˼ŭݣһֱΪԼһԼʵǿһһֱһʤȯյģ
ȻıڳƷУȻֻһĵ־磬ʲôһСô
뵽֮Цݡ
ҪΪܱΣҶ˵ֱһԾ£īӥıһԾ£˲䳯ųƷ˹ȥһֻͬһ̤
һߣīӥԭֻҶδ֣Ҳڸܵ˵ŭ𣬳ˡ
һֱǼΪѧӥצ
ӥצģЩݶѧһͷīӥѧԶʹá
īӥϷӿһ˲ֱڱ˰ߵʣһӳųƷץȥ
ͬΪǬصĸ֣Ҳ׶Կֻ÷ķ
ʱ򣬳ƷĶȫ˵֮⣬ûǰ㣬ѡ÷â෴ֱӺȥ
īӥ֮еİյ֮һһֱǼΪµ
ǳƷĳȴҲ̫ޣȻ̫ʮף֮īӥ֮¡
Ƚ㣡
Ʒһȣ˰εض𣬳֮ϣҶǳīӥķȥͬһͷ̫޸һ㡣
أ
ҶĻһż̤˳ƷϣңûһУǳƷ˿һŻûа취ͻƳƷķ
Ʒһȭ˳ȥ˰˲Ǿ޴ޱȵӥצײһ
أ
һͬһ
ţ˾ķ֣īӥһںͳƷײĹУӥצĶѣֱӱƷȳˡ
УƷ˿˿δܵӰ졣
ʲôױױ
˷·𿴵ĻңԶ̫ǰ޺еĴ֮ϣһͷ쳤Хֱײֱ֪ײ˶ٿֲޣΪʳ˵Ķʳߡ

һȭīӥһֻצӴȳˣƷȴû˿˼෴ģֱһֱӳīӥķ׷˹ȥ
һ˵ʵֻ˲ʱѡ
ҶûзӦԼĹûܶԳƷʲôвʱ򣬳ƷѾٶȽһͷīӥĸǰ
һͷīӥҲǴ󺧣ʱȶҪܳƷĹ
ٶ˵Ʒֻ첻ôѳƷƿ֮ء
ƣ
Ʒһֱӳһץ𳤽ϣһɳĽâ˳һīӥնȥ
ͣ
īӥһֻжϣһҽУǾ޴ݺݵ䵽˵ϣѪ罦ĵǡ
īӥѾ׺ˣ˭ܹ뵽ƷĳױĶˡ
ʱҶڷӦ˹۾
һͷīӥС͸һ𳤴裬Ƕ˵ȴԼֵûʲôֱ
ЩһֱǲսҲûҵʱ
żϾ͵ˣ
Ʒ漴ŤͷҶķ򣬻Ϊ֮󣬳ƷսҲ˳ͻƵǬأһ޵Уֱµĵز
ôŶõʱ䣬Ҷ⵽˲Ұܣ
˺˶ŵ˵ͷ󣬳ƷôģԭǼǿҶǿóƷ
˭룬ʵݺݸǼƣƷһ֣һоѾתˡ
ʱٳٶҲӦ˹ˣƷѹһʼûȫǺء
ҶĥսҶĥʯ
ǺεȾ˵ؽ󣬾ǷϯɣֻҲǲҽҶĥĶɡ
ʶˣųƷչֳ˾˵ʵֻ·洫ӵĸҪϴˡ
ԭӣڿҪһΪǰϯˡ
ЩͷֻԺ֮йһȦǾٶȱеս
Ʒ䣬Ѿ˶Ϣͬһ㣬ֱϯ˹ݺݵĳҶķ򵹾˹ȥ
˽ᣬ˲ȭ
ƷһȭȭŤջ˲ѹһǿС
ʱҶ˱Ϊ֮ĳƷжôĿֲ
ôôǿ
ҶŭͼֿǸûκô޷ֿɲǼ䣬һȭֱͻзֱӺ䵽ϡ
أ
ҶһƺߣһѪ˳ͬһ㣬˳ȥȻ̨˸Դֱҽһɽ֮Уضɽҡ
˲˼ĿǰһУҶȻʧˣ


1836 ӰԶ
˿Ѿ˵̨ĿɿڴҪ̨֪Ǿεļӹ̵ģ洫ȫ֣Ҳƻ硣
֣õĽ̨ơ
һֱЩ洫ӵ̨ܹһЩȱڵģǼΪ˲õս
ڣǿʲôǿ˳ƷһȭҶĺɳȥ̨Դ
Ȼ̨ڴ֮ǰѾΪˣһ̨֮ԴƷʵ˶Ϊ֮𾪣׼ȷ˵ӦǶҪˡ
Ҷʦ־ˣֱǲҰܣ
֮ǰٷˣҲûа취뵽ȻӵĽɣ
ʦֱ¶ʵ֮󣬼ѹ
֪˶ԳƷĳƺҲӳƷ˳ʦ֡
ȻƷͱǶҪСĶˣϣΪʦ
ϯӣ˵Ĵʦ֣ǲ˵ɵģʵǿģ˵Ĵʦ֡
ųƷչֳѹʵ֮˵УѾȡҶĵλֱӽΪʦһˡ
ͬһĹǶоҪˣ
ָоǶоһϢ
ʣǳϻǲϣһҶսʵģҶʧܶա
ŲҰܵҶ򶼱иīӥٿ±ΣһƵģĳƷ
Ǵʱ˳ƷĻⲻǳƷӵʵĳƷ˵ȷʵֻһ־ѡ
ֻ֮ǰǶ֪ƷʵԸϰˡ
Ⱥ֮УҲм˵ҲǺܺÿǷ֮еʣ
콾İ񵥸ոչʱҲҪƷս飬˭뱻Ҷһˡ
ʱǻ߷߲ƽȻȻмҡ
ĻǾ군ˣڵѪ֮еľͲҶ֮еĳһˡ
һսҲòϣ洫֮УȻһϯ֮أӦ˵Ժ¾Ͳ洫洫ˡ
ȻƷľ绹ԶԶﲻ洫ľ磬洫һⶼǬأֻΪие͡
洫֮µĵ˵ӵѹʽʵ
ǳƷսȴǴﵽǳԽ磬һ㣬ҲҪϣ޿ɷϡ
ھ磬Ǿ͸ʲôֵһˣսѾزҲֻʱ⣬ǸʱƷʵᱩһء
㲻ԸϣҲףѾΪƷĶˣ֮УܹѹһͷģҲֻϯӣˡ
ǵԺ֮лһƵͷƷĳɳٶȣò˶ãòɶҪƷɡ
Ҫ֪ƷŸոհûжãǸʱ򲻹һѰŵӶѣȻкһһ֮Լ˭ûзϡ
˵ǳƷˣһǵʲôأ
ȻһδǷˣȴô̵ʱ֮ڣ˾˵漣
δгһ֮ϣΪϯӣƺҲûʲôǲܵ顣
ǻǺܿͽֻƵ뷨˦Ժ֮УʲôЦɵʵҶʾˣҶҵȫ֧֣ȴǶ֡
ͬΪ洫ӣȻףƽƽʵϣһΣ༸һΡ
ȻǿͬȻǱû𣬵ɲͬǻԺȺǿڡ
͸ѧԺѧ֮Ĳ࣬ѧԿһٷΪܿһٷ֣ѧһٷΪֻһٷ֡
һķԵ㡣
һ־ѣ
Ʒҡҡͷ˵һսڷɹӽֻҲû˸СĴˡ
Ҷ֪˳Ʒ뷨϶ƵѪ洫֮ڳƷȻֻɱ￴ֻĶ
ĸ˵Ǿ޷ܵģµʱҪһѪȥ
콾һʸϣ
Ҫκɣ
ܿ죬ְ˽ŵش˵Ҷīӥֱ̧ȥˣīӥ򶼱Ʒ£ҪָҪ̵ʱ䣬Ҫǳ˵ҩġ
ƷҲûҪʹɱֵ˼ϾһʱͬһȻ洫ӣڴ˵أһħˡ
Ҷȴͬڷ֮Ӱ켫೤Ϻ̫ϳŽΧ
Ʒնɱֻ֮鷳󣬶ҲûбҪ


1837 洫
ĿѾﵽԳƷҲûиϾɱ
ɱ¾̫ͬ࣬վǳ֮Ȼкܶ˶΢ʣ
ڻ˾ͽֻҲ᲻
ϾҶֲǴײˣһһΪҶɲţڲ֪ȥԴǱδҪΪһĶġ
Լڵĸֻ߲ͳͳҪץ
أڳƷ뿪ʱ֮ϣһݹ
ȴһӰ˳Ʒǰ
ʦ֣Ǵʦ֣
һ۾ϳˣӰȴϯ˭ء
ʦ֣

ɵ˵ͷȻض񣬳ʦܣһ£
˵꣬ξʧԭء
ƷһΣҲͬʧԭأֱ׷һݹȥ
ôҲ̫˼ˣҶʦ־Ȼ˳ʦֵϣ
ѹ콾ʵô
ڲףΪʲôҶʦôϲ콾ˣƾֻͬ±˴˵սԶɣԳʦʵȻҲֻλ콾һǰʮǹô
˲ը˹һ
Ҳں棬˫ֽ֮ͻȻ֣˳ƷΪʲô
ͷһ֦
Ʒɽһɽ֮ϵСͤС
һƷֱɵǰǰ
ϲʦܣ
ɿһ۳Ʒ΢΢һ
ϲ֮УƷ˵
һǹϲʦܻҶʦܣӽû˸СˣǹϲʦܳΪҷ洫֮һ
ɺЦ˵
洫Ʒüͷһ
ɵ˵ͷӽҷھͲ洫У洫У
ƷȻףΪ洫ĺôҪ֪Ȼ洫ӣ洫ҲŵȣĵĵȻе洫
洫ûĻȻδһ̫ϳŵĴϵԺյְλ
֪洫ܵࡣ
ڣƷҲͬΪ洫֮һδĺôȻӹɡ
ڷ˵Ҳ㣬пޣ෴ģΪĺġ
ƽƽʵϵģҪϵƽƽ
Ժܵģʦһһݣ
Ц˵
ƷȻףҶ֮ȡģҶУȻ½ݣֻᱻԭΣᱻΪҽ֮
֮ǰɱһشҲᱻΪãʱ򼴱֮ǰ˾ͽֻҲͬӹ
ԣ˵һ䲻սҶȻˣȴҲ洫֮һ˿ĸı䡣
ȻڳƷȫʤôЩȻҲҪ𣬴˶֪ôһ¡
ƷԴҲûʲôԹԣƶȶ˵кôģֻҪչֳļֵô¶ȫ֧
֧һ㣬ɼ֮ţҲܳΪ콾ڶʮ
ɿһĳƷ˿ûн洫ϲãɵЩпʮģΪ洫ȷϵһʱ򣬻֪˷˶á
Ʒٶ̫ˣ쵽˶Ӧĵز֮ǰֻһѰŵӣھȻʸԼƽƽ
ֱһ漣
ҲţȻٶô죬鱨˵ģƷõ׽ڵĴУЩɣǲȫˡ
Ͼ׽ưһñڵķҪҲѾǹȥ飬Ѿû˲֪ˣҪ˵׽ڵĴóƷزǲŵġ
ʦҪ֪ȻҶʦܣǷѾӮ˵ϿɣǴ㿿콾ˣɲ
ɵÿһ콾񹫲Щٲս콾ĸֱҲ㺱ʦðͷ̫ͻȻкܶ࣡
콾ҲȫȷϾһЩ˿㣬ɽ֮ԣһһˡ
еˣڶʱڻʵ̶ʱڱǣԽ콾Ҳǳе顣
ƷЦһȻף콾һǣжôҪ
֮ʤϰĲȰˣֻǾĩҲ㹻һŽ߾ȫˡ
ϾټķԭҲֻһϰ񣬲ô


1838 Էڵĸ߲֧
ЩƷʵĩ
ӻ
ƷǸӣ
ںܶ˿Ǿһӣ
ƷѸײڶ֮ƻҶڵĳЩĻ̥޻˵ױסˡ
Ƕ⣬֮ĸԼܹ콾ĸ˵ȴûġ
Ǹ߲˼Ʒɨһɣʵ
콾ŴҲͰˣǳʦܼȻܹҶʦܣǾʹ콾ûŴ
ɻ˵
Ҳ֪ǷֻһڰϣƵ£Ȼʦͻô߲˼ǣʧûаҶʦܵ£Ǿ;Բܰ˵ϣҵ˼ô
Ʒʱɵ˼ڷڸ߲˵ҶͳƷǷڵĵӣֱ⣬ҶĵλȳƷҪһЩ
ŵȣһˡ
ȻƷԼˡ
ô˭Ҳӹɵ顣
콾ĵλǳҪſ콾Ҳͬǳ콾֤˸󱲵ʵ
ҲǸķʽս֮һ
һȴǳΣȻųƣ꣬ܵ콾ľȻֻһˡ
ʮţ붼ڰϡ
ֲƾղģҪѰҪҲΪʲôԶܵӵԭ
˭룬Զδ𣬳ƷѾһ
ҲǳأɵΪˣԲ㣬ӦѾڱչ֮У
Ȼ֧Ҳ٣
˵
ɹһöټĲʮ죬鼮㶼㷭ģڻ¶һµʱ䣡
˵һһƷɵĶ
ɹȻ˵Ʒ֮ǰùһöΪŷǳĺô˷ɹƷӦԸһ
ڵĲ⣬ǰа书ؼǰдĹע⣬
ЩǮ򲻵ĺö书ؼͲ˵ˣ£۶һһѧҪķѴŵĻ֡
Щע⣬ҲҪķŵĻֲܹһĺö˵ľڡ
Ǻܶǰע⣬ں˵ɽ֮ʯԹֱӽʡʱ䡣
ⱾҲǷӴ̵һ֡
¼伮Ҳǲ⴫ؼЩͳͳ˷ڵĵ̡
һ˿̫ܲںЩ伮ǳƷܹĽԵʵļ䣬еĹ֮Уʵڲϵ̽ؼİء
ÿһΪǿĸ֣ʵһ֪ʶԨ˳̶ȵĲѧ֮ʿ
˵ͨģͨһ㶼ŵġ
Щһ˼ֻһߵ׵ˣиΪΪʶǳ
¶ƷҲڡ硷ⱾϿأǷڵʥء
˵֮ݺᣬƣѰѾʥصĻ
ô¶ʥ֮еʥأŨ̶ȱطҪŨٱΪάеģһ˸ûʸУһֻΪ´󹦵˲ſƾֶһеʸ
¶ȴѰطϰٱŨ̶ȣҪģ¶Ҳĥľĵط
ڻ¶УޱȵŨͬʱħЩħƽǱиֻеؼʱ̲ŻͻȻð
ǸʱҲˣЩħڻ¶пǰշһħľԲһ֡
˵¶ʥأ
һηҲѪˣ
ǳƷЩ꣬һ·ͻͽһ㣬Ȼȹ̣ľ̫죬Ļ
ȻƽʱѹƣڶҡľÿԳᣬնħ
δľӰ۷塣
Щ֧֣ɵҪֻһЩսͳͳȥ
֪ˣƷ˵ͷŵ֧֣ҾʮİˣЩλҲûôף
ɼƷ˼ȻˣҲͲ˵ʲôˣҪչأϣҳ֮콾վȽŸϢ
˵꣬뿪һݹʧʡ


1839 սһ£
ʲôƷҶʦ֣
洫洫
ƷߪΪµĺ洫
һϢһҹ֮ըˡ
µܹһʱȥսģʵֻкٵһֶѡ
󲿷ֵķڵӲǺܹģֻǵһѰϢ
ںܶ˿Ҷʤֻʱ⣬Ʒܻʤ
ǽȴǺݺݴ˺ܶ˵ΪܻʤĳƷȴջʤǸˡ
ʱƣյսҲſڿഫ͸¶˳
Ǻܶǰ㣬ƷʤҶʲô˵ֶΡ
ʵϣƷͷβѹҶ˭óƷʵҪԶҶ֮ϡ
ʱвϿ˳Ʒ
ܹ콾ȻǷͬСɡ
Ҷûб콾ڿȻ飬ҶѾڶĸ֣ϯɡ
Ȼֵεĸ֣ȻǳƷĶ֣
֪ܹ콾ĸ֣ûһǼ򵥵ҶҲ콾콾Ķ֡
ţھͶڴӴ֮󣬴洫У洫
ʲôǺ洫Ǿ洫֮еĺģÿһ洫ᳬʮˣĿٵ洫γĶԱȡ
ʮˣҲһ쵼֮еĺġ
֮ǰ洫ӵľѾܶˣԭ˿õһܳΪ洫ˣǱˣǻԶ
ҲǺ֮ܶˣ˭룬ͻȻðһƷȻһӳԽ˻ԶһӳΪ˵洫
Ȼ洫ϯ֮⣬Ⱥ󣬵˵УʣƷѾǽ֮Ķ֡
һս˶оһս֮ڵķΧһӱˡ
ԭкܶ˳Ʒһս֮һӶʧˡ
·һҹ֮䣬ʧӰ١
һӱˣ˶ĿˣԭһɶԳƷжԵҲһ˺ܶࡣ
˵ĿУƷҲһҹ֮Ϊ˷ڵĽ
Ͼ֮ڲͣ콾һʵֱ۵֡
ֻһ٣Ҳʮ˲õģǵš
ʱս飬ҲͬѩƬһ׷˹
ÿһⶼս飬ս鱳ҲµĶš
ݻƼһɣĵСűŮ
ÿһ֣һ֮еٮٮߣ꣬Ȼ콾ϣҲԶ˵ӵ콾ʵ
ֻ콾ֻһٸѣ಻콾ϵʵδش콾ϵĸ֣Ҳϵġ
һ˳ڷڣӵĺ䶯ڵ洫ҪԳд
˵һô˶һۻңĿϾӵĸо
ʱ򣬳Ʒȴֱ˱չأʱս
ʱȻ󲨣˶ΪƷˣҽսʱ򣬳Ʒְеսͳͳ
ΪƷѾ˵ʱô˵սҪţͲ֪Ҫʱʱ
ƷǷ»չ£ºЩսһ¡
˶ŷˣƷ˼ȻҪһһսĽӹǴһȫ
ٲȻЩѾõǷĽࡣ
һƬȻ㣬⣬ŸǸŭ˼£Ʒֱǿ֮
ȻǵսŵһҪһ࣡
һƷҵҪʱôһӦôˣ
Դ£Ҳκθı䣡
ߣ
һŷ׷Цȥ
ƷʱЩġ
ΪʱѾ˷ڵĲ鱦֮С
һ޴ĸ֨Ⱦ޴ʯŻ򿪣һ
Щ¼֮ϵ鼮ͬڲ鱦֮еһ鼮ȫװÿһռһܣܵķΧֱһ
ЩܵϷһĽ磬Щ鼮뿪
ƷŶʱǰһЩ鼮ͨ鼮ÿһ鼮ϣе׫дӡӡǣڽı֮£ʱţҲ˿𻵡
һͬ鼮Ȼܹݻһȫͬľݻһ硣
Ʒȥһŵϵ书ؼϣȻݻһ书֣ڲŲͬѧ


1840 鱦⣬
־óƷһִ۽ĸо
Ǻεǿľܹһ鼮ֱݻһ֡
ҹϢѧ
ӡЩѧˣһһǿ֣
ЩѧؼѰְͨ书ؼӵֱУֱӸӵٶҲѰ书ؼʮʮ
ֻһЩʮѧؼŻַʽ鱦֮УصĶʮؼ
ܹóƷʮ죬ѾʮѵõΪҪҪ
ЩĶǳƷѧʶƷδܹ߶Զͺйϵ
һҲֻʮʱ䣬ƷҲԥֱӽУƷûѡ鿴Щ书ؼ
˵ѵõѧϰ书ĻᣬǶڳƷ˵еʵļͻʼս֣ȱЩǿѧͨ
Ʒģܱⶼ࣡
ֻѡԵĲ鿴һŷɴӡ
Ʒܿҵ˷ɴӡѧؼǰ棬̽Уʱͷ·һռ䣬һܹصӰǰ˷ɴӡ
һֻ͵һ˳̺ϵĴֻһ·ضҳһ޴Ŀһ㡣
һֻֻǶ̶һ˲䣬ǳƷȴ·𾭹һһ㣬һӶڷɴӡ˺ܶࡣ
ľӡǣֻһΣȻֵܹز
ƷоԼڷɴӡҲˣȻԼӵԶѰйϵ
ɴӡӡҲȷʵ
˵ӡ·ɴӡķǰʵԶԶĿǰĳƷǳƷܹᲢ۵ġ
ܿ죬һηɴӡ֣ƷϢȫע֮С
Ƭ֮󣬳Ʒڴֶ״̬֮˳
ɴӡȻ㹻Ƿڵھѧ
Ʒȫɴӡˣӡһ㡣
ٶҪ죬ж죡
֪ٶȣ¾Ҫ𶯷ڣҲ˳ƷʮƷʯճɹ
˷ɴӡ֮󣬳ƷֱӲ鿴ǰ˵Щǰ˵ɶǮ򲻵䱦
ܹԼ鱦еģһ⣬ȫ컯ϵĸֲеĴĿǰƷľ綼Ҫߡ
ƷҪͻǬսޣͻƵ컯ҪľǶ컯
컯Խ࣬սԽпͻƣһʵɱ䡣
ĻΪһҲûпܽսͻƵ컯
ǬͬͻƵ컯֮սֱ˷츲صı仯޷սͻͻơ
Ǹʱ򣬳ƷͻƼξ磬ս޷ͻƣ
һһǰµڳƷ˵ǼΪģЩ֮У컯ĸ
ڳƷ˵ǼΪƷѧϰٶȷǳ죬İ伮Ʒɨһ۾ܹ¼
˸޷ٶȣ
е鼮Ʒɨۣͷˣܿ˿زرϵע⡣
Ʒڸʲôɨһۿһ۸ܼģ
һЩ˵Щ鼮ɲЩ鼮һֲεɱ䣬ԾǨĹ̡
һʼãΪĲһĿʮУĿҲʲô˵ǻ
ֻǶͨ鼮˵ģڲ鱦е鼮˵ȴȫͬģΪ¼Щ鼮ģһһ֣һľӡǡ
־ӡǹ⿴һ۸ܼ¼ҪȫģԼľȫУпܡ
һ۾ͷ£Ǽûûʲôֱ
ѡɣһ˵
˶һĪӣǼٵű׼УûһǳƷӣе鶼Ҫһ顣
һ㶼һ֪ԼҪʲô鼮Եȥ
ƷôѡҲ޻˵ϾⶼǳƷԼѡ񣬶ƷĲҲֻʮʱ䡣
Ʒ֪صĳ룬˵ֻʮʱ䣬ÿһÿһ붼Ƿǳġ
ѵõĻᣬͨ񣬳ƷֻҪһۣܺܿ츴ȫ¼
Ʒʱ䶼ûУֻǲϵķϵĽеּ¼
֮Уϰ򲿵Ĳ飬Ҳ֪Ѽ˶٣ǳƷѡԵĹۿ
ʮʱ֮󣬳ƷҲǿЩꡣ


1841 ¶ħ
ʮʱ֮УƷͬһ㣬ȡе֪ʶȻ֪ܶʶ򣬶ֻǼסѣûȫ
ǹֻǼסô֪ʶڳƷİֱǲġ
ƷܹоԼ۽Ҳ˲֪ؿ˶ٱԭܹᲢ۵ġ
۽ϵĲ࣬һʱ޷ֳǳƷĽǶȣͺԭͬˡ
վڸߵģȫͬĽǶ⡣
Ը׾һһͨͨټ컯ĸֶ컯ǼΪѵõľ顣
ǺķѪ֮ǮͿ򵽵ı
˵ЩǰѪƷ߱սǵһεĻ
̶ʮʱ䣬ƷջԼ궼Ҫ࣬һջʱƶϷͳΪ߾Ļʯ
ʮ֮󣬳Ʒ׼ʱ뿪˲鱦⡣
ƷǴ֪ʱޣĳһѧ˵Щǰ֮أĳһͨѧ滹ֶͨһЩǰǵǷڲ鱦ľֻл׼ܹõ
ϧˣȻ⿴ٶ̫ˣֱ㷭ʲôʮʱ䶼˷ѵˣ̫ϧˣ
֪ʲô⣬ϣϣô
۷׷ףƺ֪ʲô
ʱƷѾ뿪˲鱦⣬ֱǰ˷¶
¶ڷڵһλ֮УҪͨһܹ
ڻ¶ɭϣƷ֪ʱ򣬺üǿɨȷ֮ŽĿתƿЩҲ컯ĸ֡
ƷҲǰզ֮࣬йȻǸƣҲΪˣ֤˻¶ڷ֮еҪλ
µʱ䣬º׼ʱɣҪʱ䣡
Ʒһȴ
ף
Ʒ˵
̤˴֮ǰһƷѾһռ֮С
Ѿ۳Һʮִ⼸ҪκεͿֱΪҪ
ʮѵõģҪ֪Ƿ֮ŨڳƷĸ˵ҲʵģҪ󣬲ܹʹá
ҲΪʲôʯӲͨĹϵΪʯ̺֮Ѿһδεȱ֮еҪ౶
ڻ¶֮еȴͬЩΪŨҴȷǳߣҪԽƷʯ൱Ʒʯ֮Ĵȡ
ĿǰĳƷ˵ǿֱյġ
Ʒһطʼ
ÿһγƷʱ򣬶ԿΧͬһɽ˶֮С
ۿɼƷĶֱӹЩɽȥȫ˶֮УƬ֮󣬳ƷĶӾ±ȥЩѾȫ˽ȥ
ͬʱƷϵϢǿʢһ֡
ȻȸߵĲ˼飡Ʒ̾˵
أƷǰһΧĻ˾޴ı仯һִϢķԼǰ
磬
ʱһڳƷȴһŮڵϣӷ֮˳Ʒǰ
ŮԱͬҪСĶ࣬ϴżֹۺͼǿ
棡ƷŮͷ֮ϧ
Ȼ˾ϴ׼Էˣ
ʱӳ֮дһŮӵһӰһ˳ȴĸܿ˭ء
һˣ
һ˵ȴűƿһϰӴ˽Ǹ׳ĳɡ
ڼûйԹԵģĳϧĶͷ
漴Ŀ⿴˳ƷôˣϿôѧʲô
֣裬ãǣ
Ʒֻ˫Ŀ֮ľ棬ҲûһᣬڿЩϤ׳Լǰ̲סһᡣ
ɵӣ˵ʲôɵǣͱ˾ˣ
ܿЦ˵е¡
Ҳһҳȥǵģǲڣԭң裬ã
Ʒ漴еһ
ֵ˵ǰһɿ񱩵ķӿ˳˲ͽǰĻƬĸҲЦǰΪһŹâɢؼ䡣
Ʒǰһֻص˻¶֮УղǲֻħݻĻѣĻص֮С


1842 һã
ʣħڸħҲС˳Ʒ˳Ʒ֮Ϊ˼Ļ棬Ʒ֮ļᶨֻܱþӰ졣
ħճƷ⣬֮ûжκӰ죬෴ģ֮ĸӼᶨ
κ˵ħǾ޴ţеĹ֮Уָ⣬ۻͻγħ
ħ֮һħħһΪأܻݱΪʶħһ˵־ᶨûа취Կħܻᱻħᡣ
飬ڹҲټ
һħľͻõḶ́иһǧмĽ
Զ˵ħ鷳ͬģҲһ޴Ļֻܲץס
ڳƷոջһħþ֮󣬳Ʒֳһ֮УɳһƬǿ֮£ǲƵĹ
ǽ֮ϣһϤ£ϤڱǼ⻷ơ
һֻСס˳ƷƣƷһתͷһúÿЦݣ·һҹ֮䣬ضסˣֻʣЦݡ
ԶҲǲǸ
ƷǾӣһӺòã
˼׿ڳƷļϣ˽·ܹ˴֮
ƷعǵμӸ߿ʱ˼궨Ǹҹô
վѾ׵׻ΪһõĻ
ԶһӰڿٴеЩ׷ڿһЦˡ
ٹʵأ̬ѾȻͬ
Ʒ˼ףԲˣҲһӣõļ䣬ȥ㣡
ðҵң
˼ЦȻ֮ŨתֻЦţûûһѤޱȡ
ң
Ʒһ˼꣬ǰ˼껯һŹâʧǰ
Ʒǰһ»ص˻¶֮С
һΣмȻ漴ͽЩǷϵ˼֮ԺΪ֪ڲǷϵʱ˼껹ڵû̫ʱǷϡ
ƷҲզ࣬ߵĻֵƵ̫ˣǶ̶ʱѣȻΡ
ЩþƷ׵ʶƣûܶ˿в
Щħܹ׾ٵĽһˣûסֻ꣬»ױӰ졣
СȻǿܻᱻӰ죬ϾЩþ֮Ļ棬Ϊ־Ļ档
Դ
һ˿ĶҡͿиħ룬Ӷ߻ħ
Ʒһؼһ߸оĹϵͬʱǰʱʱĻһЩħݻĻ档
ɽ𺣣ʮ˲㣬սƷԼĻ棬˵ָħַϳ
໭棬ƷҲ̲סȻΪЩ棬ееĿеĿ־壬ÿһ𶯡
ʲôĻ棬޷Ĳ
ÿƷ˷һħܹԸоԼľԲһ֡
Ժ˵˵ޱȵҪġ
һӦħһջ¶֮иƷʵĹ֮УƷԷĿʼ֮ǰڲ鱦֮У֮мصĶ
Ѱ˵ܣΪǲͬƷӣֱӽЩ伮ӡ
٣ܹ¶٣ƷֱͬȼҲᱻ
ǴʱƷԺ֮УһСĲ鱦⣬Ȼ󲿷ֶ컯ֵ;飬ҲǼΪ˵ġ
Ϊ֮ǰʮʱ̫ˣûиܹʱ䡣
ѾܸˣͬʱҲɽͼ֮еʯһգΪҪĺ
춼ƷʻҪƷʯóᣬһˡ
֮󣬳ƷؼٶȼֱʮͬʱԺ֮ĵ伮Ի˳ʼƷڴ⣬컯Ҳһ˵ٶ
˵ʱ컯⣬϶ԽѾ컯ǬԪ
ͬʱҪһӦָħһãһˣѾˡ
ƷĶҲܿ˿ػ¶̫ϳϵע⡣
ʱʮȻЩƷʵȻãͬģ̺ҲǷǳ࣬컯ĸ֣Ʒôܲ˵ķգֻҲͱˡ


1843 ͻƣǬ
̫ϳ໥һۣ˱˴˵˼ֻҪƷ¶˿֧ļ󣬾ͻִϳƷַΪ
Ƕ˽һν¶ˣҲһǷڵڶܹ콾š
Ƕ̫ϳϣȻÿһ֮Уܹ콾ŶǷڵһ
ȻصĶ󣬾Բʲô⣬ȻǶⲻ˱
Ȼв̫ϳΪ򰲵ĹϵԳƷе⣬ǸȴԴ˲û̫ĸо෴ģǶóƷ
̫ϳͺͷڵΪһ壬ԽãôȻҲԽá
ȹ۲һ£Ծʹ
һ̫ϳϿ˵˷׷׵˵ͷ
Ʒ֪Щ̫ϳϵ뷨Ѿһ÷ԼĹ̵С
˵ȻʵֱȴǶڴ˵ͬʵܹӳ֮ǰһɵս
ֻһɣڶֽ˵һ˿һĲ࣬пĲ࣬˵֮ˡ
⻹ǼޣҲ˵Ʒھûиһ£սҲܹԽޣȫµļ¼
Щ̫ϳϾСĿųƷ£Ǻܿ죬ҲͶˣƷٶȷǳ죬ٶȸ죡
Ȼ֪ƷôģվһȫµĿⶼϣҲóƷǵǰ¡
µʱգۼţ
ʱѾˣ뿪ˣ
ƷõʾŴӱչز״̬֮˳
µʱô͵ˣ
Ʒһȫ¶һž
µʱ䣬˵ֱǰ׾Թ϶һ㣬µʱ䣬򵽵Ķǳܹġ
ĸףаգǬӵ컯սΪ컯ѾȫգǰҲûκܡ
˻¶֮󣬳Ʒó˷ɹ̷ֱȥɲǼ䣬ɹ֮һɹɿֲӿֱɢ֫ٺ
ƷȴǲŲæʼתʼһŷɹ֮еһ̤Ŷݹ⣬žƷķȥ
һ߼ӹһϵϢҲڲϵķӿͷγ˹һ㣬ǿֲķڷӿļ
ƷϵϢһһֱͻԭļޣƷص˾ƷʱϵϢѾȫһ䣬ȻֱͻƵǬء
Ƭ֮ͷϷӿϢҲ֮У֮ǰƺûκηֱ
ΨԼѾһǬ֮УսǱʮѾֱӿǬ֮С
һǬ֮еٮٮߣ
ʱƷҪҶĻҪֱ꣬ӾлҶʵ
֪ô̵ʱ֮ڣƷжĽЩ˵˵ļ򵥣˵ͻףɵһΡ
ƷΪʲôһҹ֮ٶޱ֮죬аշĴ˵
ΪĸԶԶڵľ֮ϣսֻʱˡ
ԽǸˣԽǼ򵥣Ϊ;֮أսֵֻķʽѡ
ͻƣûнͻƵǬֻ֮оǰһƬƽ̹ҲûбȺɽڱߵĸо
ֻҪٸʱ䣬ֱһͻƵǬ۷壬Ǹʱ򣬼Ǭ۷ĸ֣Ҳ޾塣
Ķ֣
˵Ǹʱ򣬱˵콾һˣ콾ϴ󲿷ֵ˶֡
һս֮սҲһ츲صı仯
ЩսˣΪ콾һϣⲻ֪ƷսѾ˷츲صı仯
£аµʱ䣬ǸʱҾ֪ǵ뷨ֱǴش
ƷֶĿֱʣЩսˣûзĿ꣬ǬԪ
ڵʵӦԺ֮ǰǬԪһϸ£ǬԪͻƵ컯սԶʤڵĳƷ
ȴЩսˣȫͻƣǸʱ˺ǬԪһϸµʵ취ǬԪ
ƷĿ֮У¶˼Цݡ
Ʒ֪뷨ֻ֪Ҫ֪ˣǬԪΪһһˣһΪǿ޵УѰ˸ԣ˵뷽跨ĻǵҪɵǬԪ
Ȿһ˷뷨
Ȼ֮սᱬֻ⣡


1844 Լսʼ
֮գۼţ˵һСչصʱѡ
Щս콾ǣͰ಻ס׷ǰ
һ죬һ֮ϣƯһ壬ϴʱ֪Ѿۼ˶ˡ
Ƿһӿͷ壬רӴЩǰݷõĹ͵ġ
ǰƷȫս飬ڴĻʳҲֳ˲Сķ粨һǣҲոյ콾񣬾ֳ֮ˡ
˵ôһο˲
ɲǣʦһΣǽЩ˶͸ˣ
һôս飬ȫǷﰡ
һιϵ콾֮սǹϵ˳ƷѾǷĶڳƷҶ֮󣬾ϱߪΪ洫ӡ
ʵϣһǽ֮µĵڶ洫ӡ
ʵһеĸƷԭڶҶôںܶ˵ȻȻĴҶΪڶ洫ӡ
Ʒһսǹϵ˵ǺͷڵϢϢء
飬ǧڵĵӣζǾӢӣڴ֮ϵ洫ӣҲкܶࡣ
Щ˼γһһߣһȺԶԶȷڵҪٵȴγһһҲֻʮ˵ģʮƳ죬Ȼѹǧһķڵӡ
ڸԶиķڵľӢӣŵӺŵӣֻǵʵͣûʸ񿿽˿ڼʵŵӣҲǽ𵤾ʵǵĿ棬ңԶһ㣬Ҳܹ
Щ˱ǧ˵ĹģΪˡ
ĸ̫ˣǸùǲĵĴˣС
ָһһɫ̴װ磬ͬʱϻһųӡ
ǸС˵Сһǧ֮ԶһǬһսĵȻǳɣÿһɫĴˣϵľ֣붼ĵСеٮٮߣ
˵֪Уĵ¼ļУÿһֺܶǿļ֣˵¡
콾ϣͬĵĴˣֻҲֻһ˶ѣ
Ǹ߱ſܵģӦþڵűɣ˵ıԺһֻ⣬ɱǬĸ֣츳ߣ
ڵĵӺܿ콫Ŀ⿴űںͷһͬʮ֮һڴĻʳ֮ΪӴ
ĿܣǴĻʳ֮мΪ̵˵ڴĻʳ֮һֱһ֧ǿޱȵĿܴʵѰľ֮ϡ
ǸŮڵ½ŮɣȻ콾ϣСģʵȴԺ콾һϸ£Ҳ˿
ŮͬǴĻʳʮ֮һֻ֮ΪľǣŮֻŮӣŮڵŮӸò绨츳ʵʮǿġ
˿ѷɫЩеӣ
ҪǣŮڵ󶼻޸֮͢е󳼣ǴĻʳĻʺ͹вٳŮڵŮӡ
˵ŮڵŮӵĹϵ鲼ĻʳһֱڣŮڵ˵
Ů֮Уֻʵ츳ΪǿĵӣлŮĳƺš
ÿһŮƺŵŮڵŮӶǸ콾׷Ķ
֪ҪӭȢЩŮڵŮ
ݻƼҵĻɣƼǳ͢ĶҲСӾ֪Ϊ͢¶ٺպչͣ
һս׵ĴĻɣĿĽ㣬Ҫ֪ƼҺų֮ףǳ͢佫֮ס
ǴĻʳʮ֮Ψһңųµһҡ
иֲִӾھǺͳ͢ǧ˿ƵĹϵͻʼͨ顣
Ҳѫ֮ף
ЩУĸΪףÿһӵټͷС
ڴĻʳ֮УǿȻǴĻʳĳ֮͢±ʮǳһ
֮ĵ㣬ȻȲʮͬţÿһ֮ж֣һ
˵һ߱ӰȫʵʮǾ߱Ӱµʵһ֮£Ӱݿ֮С
ʣµҲͷСҲǳһµʵҲǬ֮ٮٮߣδأҲأصʵ
ڵĵӶɫأʵģЩ˻ԳƷɾ޴в


1845 Ʒ
ζԳƷģ˵ӰЩûһǼ򵥵Ҳɲǲš
أʱȺ֮ͻȻһɧȴ֪ʲôʱһӰһݹ˽
һĺӣԼĪʮҵͣʲһӲʵϢ֮дʮ顣
ǸĪڵĵֶ죿
Щ˼ĿӣƺǲţȻڵĵֶ졣
ûϴģһ£󳤵ǿ飬
ʦ㣬ǿô
ʱȺ֮УصԱһľ
ľδڣ֪ʲôʱԱ߾ѾֶһӰȴղ̨˭ء
ʱղ̨ϴż˵ƣڳȴǴż־ϲ鿴ղ̨档
˶ףƿصĺõĻܹշ磬֤Բת⡣
ʱǿϢĻԵˣĻֻ֤Ǿ粻ȹ̡
ղ̨ʵ粻ȹ̸ܣͻƵȫµľ磬ҲͻƵǬأпܡ
︽Ķղ̨׽Ȼϲղ̨ʵһ
ǿ뵽Ǭأ⼸ЩС
ղ̨ȻĿе˼Цһ£ֻԼЩ콾վͬһ֮С
Ȼֻǳ磬Щ콾Ѿ꣬ʼ׼ͻƵ컯Ǭǰ㣬Ѿ뵽컯ˡ
ھҲֻʱѣ
ȻʳڣԴӲȱЩ콾ĸˣֻǿ
ֻҧס콾ǰһͬеĵһžѾƣҪ볬Խ̸ס
ֻ΢һ漴˵ȷʵǿ콾ϵķ֮ϣλ콾ھʮ콾Ȼôţսֻ»ڳƷ֮ϣ
ղ̨ô˵ʱޱ
Ҳû뵽һεԼսȻܹղ̨ЦһȻ֪žʲôǱ϶ƶ飬ҷҪƷ콾ʧȴҷڵӣ˵ǳųƷģƷ֮ǰЩ˶ˣڵϣôҲͬ룬ոսžͻᱻֱӴ䳾
Ϊʲôô洫Ӻͳ϶׷¶صˣĵԲġ
˾ǳųƷһ㣬˶ף򷸲ʱǰ
Ʒ콾ǰô
ǾһҪǰţ
߲ƣ߲
ôˣСһ۵˵üͷ΢ʱƺҲѾ뵽˵ĿģⲢ͵Ĺϵܺá
ʵϣֻһűֶ֪ԸΣڳˣûкϵõġ
ֻǿʵ˲ҷˡ
ֶƺ˵ҲԤϣҲֻЦ˵˵ô飬ȻҪմ֣ɣڱչأұ
˵Ǳһˣһ˵ս飬ǿֶ֮Ц˵
ﲻɵ÷һۣҪ˵˭ܱȵ㣿
ɽϻӳƴѣСеĳ֮µơ
Ȼδ콾񣬵ҲԼͲЩ콾ϵ콾ǡ
ЩˣЩҲޱȵĽӽ
漴ͿһۣɣűĿǰѣһ˳ƷͳΪֱӵľˡ
ɵҲС˼ʱҵȲشʱڧȻ˳Ʒ۸ߵͣΣ
ԣɵ˵ͷҲƷ֮ǰȱһڧ
˭ϣʱű˵
ϣ
Сվ˳֮ʮƶȻһ˭ơ
˵ȻҲʹ˷ŹᣬϾ˭ȳֻܳƷͿ油콾
һԵĵֻ˫ֱ磬ĮĿһУͬһȺһ
̬¶š
أ۲ݵʱȴƽһףһӰ̤׹⣬˹
ȴһ°ɫߵķʽ۵꣬ԼĪŶʮģֶ鵭Ȼһ㡣
Ʒˣ


1846 һϰɣҸʱ䣡
Ʒڳˣ
ĳ֣ҲףһڴѾõĴսҲҪʼˣ
Ʒ˵֮⣬Ȼһ˵ս飬ˣҲڵҪ˽ʱˡ
˿ҲˣƷʵûֳǰǿ󣬴ʱҲҪһˡ
ˣ
С۾˫ͬһ㣬ֱƳƷһľ⡣
ˣ
ƷȻ˵ȻĿɨһˣܿĿ䵽˵ϡ
鱨֮УûĴڡ
ܿ죬֪ݣʱ䣬Ȼ˻ڱչ֮УǸ鱨ϢԴԴϵ͵ϣеԳţȳΪ׵׷ġ
Ҳ֮еĳģзڸ߲ŵ壬һݹ콾˵鱨ϡ
һϣƷȻ߲ܣͳͳЦˣȻһ£Ǻܿϳ˵ݡ
ֶ죡
Ʒ³⼸֡
мּʶ
ֶЦЦϳ飬ĶųƷ
㵹ǱмʶһЩҲЩ棬Ϊʲô콾֮УǬ۷嶼ǣƾʲôϰ񣿿϶Ŵˣ
һͱֳ˶ڳƷľԵ⣬мӡ
ΪѾȫ͸˳ƷΪֻǳǬΪѣôʸϰ
ڳƷҶ飬ȻţȴҲţϾô˵ǶǷ֮дϢڹųļϢԼˣΪȻݣҲпܵġ
Ͼ˭֪һ֮оȻֻһϰλʮŵķ˵ʣǺݺݴ顣
ʱǿ취һʲôֵġ
Ҳã콾϶Ŵˣ
Ʒ˵
Ҳôã㻹м֪֮ģЦһ֮мΪҰԡ
Ҿã콾϶ŴˣʲôҲǰ棿Ʒ˵
㡭ôĵӣÿļһֶŭЦһͷһȻһ˱һģԵģԵģ
ĿɾȲΪ콾ûô֪֪ÿж˱ȥöѣֶܿ侲ϲľǱһˣƽʱһһԴնҪս˲ңҲս
ֶ˫ֱ磬һϷӣȻƷŭȴǾóƷԲĶ֣ϾҪڳƷ֮ǰġ
Ǳжϴ˵ʵ֮УҲǱȳƷǿġ
ҵͷ­նƷ֮бĹâһֻһϰ񣬲ҿܿ죬žͻһûˣ
ĿųƷȻóƷʲô˼вңƾ㣬Ҳвң
񣬽Ҫսǣ㣬£Ȼһ򣡡
ʱһԵСѾ̲ס˵
ʱһתͷͬһͷһĿС֮ͬź˵ɱ⡣
ãͽһɱˣ
Ҫ֣ǿԱߣɣű˶¶ƣŷ֣ԼѾŭ
Ѿڰϣ˻ܳƷʲôȵ飬Ƕڼ֤Լ˵ܳƷǵ콾Ψһİ취
ϾҪ֤콾ˣкܶ˳ɹǽʱŴʷ֮Уֻ˵ƵʵĻǷǳ͵ġ
콾ϵֻᱻ콾ϵ˻ܣƺѾ˲ĶɣÿһܹɵˣҲһ档
νƷɨһˣȻ˵ǴһϣһϣǸҸʱ䣬Ҹ˽һϺˣ
ƷĻʱýŵС뵶ì˲ʧӰ٣˫ŭ˦˳Ʒ
һϣ
Ʒǵʲô
ҪһϣҲӦǻǬԪ֮ͬеһӦþǵһ˵
Ʒʲô
ããã
Ц˵Ӳˣ˭ϣԴҿ
ɣ
ʱСǰǲɷ˵ľͶˡ
ĳ֣ңУ˿µļâ
һâɢĹâһ㣬һ˲䣬أֱָƷȥ


1847 һС
һֲļâնֱƷŶɱС
СҲѹû˿صĴ㣬۳Ʒô콾ģȷʵǿӵĶ
ݣ
һƿ˲񷣬һ˲䣬Ѿ˳Ʒǰ
أ
һĻֲĳ˳ȴһâгƷʱ
Ʒֳһտɫĵϣһâֵסˡ
أ
أ
أ
˿һâȻ޷䴩ƷĻƾ̣һһı˵ǰ
ƷķѾһ־׵ĳ̶ȡ
ʲô˵ɴ۾أԲ˼飬Ʒûôֻ֣ƾŻѾСĹͳͳ鿪
ǺεȺ˵
ֻĳ̶ȣƷ쿴СЦЦ˵
ʲôƨҵģ
ʱСѾƷĻŭˣƷֱȫȫĿ
˵ʱ٣ʱ죬Сֱ˳һӿֲļâۡ
ɲǼ䣬ؼȻ˹Ǻ˲䣬˾͸оˣԼ鲻֪ΪʲôͻȻһӵ
һâԽԽǿͬҫ۵̫һ㣬ڱһеĹâ
ĵļĵڷǳټģ֮УԽĵϣԽܹӳĵĿֲ
ʱղ̨ص˵ʱС͸ղȣҪǿ̫ˡ
ܹӰ˵
ţľˣףΪʲôԼһӾͻʧˣԭΪļӰ졣
ȴһâûа취סֱһֲĹųƷɨȥ
ƾһӦöе콾
űлɵˣ׷׸ɫܱߣʣСһǿļ
ѹСȻҪ콾ϵʵȷʵͬ죬콾ϵ콾Ҫ֣ԴĻͿܻСϡ
Сģ˫һĵɫļΪһ塣
أʱ򣬾˶ΪƷӦһʱֻƷֻɫȻһץһֲޱȵĹƷץС
·ϵץסһֻҵһ㡣
ȻƷһ󣬾ͽһ飬Ĺ㣬ɢΡ
ȫһļž
Ƿһĸ֣һĸ֣ȫĿɿڴĿһĻǶڳƷǳĵķˣҲû뵽ƷȻ˼򵥵Ľôֲһˡ
⡭⡭
һֵģһӺһ
ʲôʵƷӦҽ֮ôôܻôǿ
Ҳף֮ǰĲͬƺƷҽ֮ĿǰƷչʾʵҲԶԶ֮ǰܹĵġ
ͱ˵𾪲ͬʱСһֻоë·һͷ̫޸ϵĸоһ
Ǳܵģ³֣һ˲ֱ˾ŵֲļâ
Ҳļİ壬顣
ŵֲļâһ˺գ˲ͽƷסˡ
һΣƷǱķ෴ģʼˣһɴӡ
ȴڳƷһ˲۳˿ֲĴ֣Ǿ޴Ĵ֮ͬһ㡣
һֻµʱͬĥһ㿪ʼתǾļâһ˲ͱĥĸɸɾ
ţһ˲С˵һ˲䣬֮Ҳ
žһľұըȴСһĿֲâͼһֻķɴӡȴûκЧ
أ
һֻɴӡ䵽Сϣ˾ͿСһѪ˲䱻ش
Сƶߵķһ˲䵹˳ȥ˲䵹˳ȥֲˡ
أ
Сݺݵײ˵֮ϣһ£ʹ˹ͷѵֱˣҲܶˡ
·һһ
һУش
˶ʱɵۣһֵһĸоСʵĿãѾǬأ㲻콾ϣӦҲŶԣ˭뵽Ȼ֮ࡣ
ЩǰսˣǵɫΪѿû뵽ƷȻܹǿزûһ㣬˵ӦǲųƷλŶԡ
Ȼڣһӷת
ͻȻֳƷƾСãһͷֲı


1848 һϣ
֪ϵĵ߸ʱǶһʴӵĸо֮ǰ֪ȫȫĲͬ
֮ǰǵ֪֮УƷܹϰӦˣǬضǣƾʲôʸλ콾һѹ֮ϡ
˵ԼҲ֪ǴʲôطģǴʲôʱʼģƺǴӿʼ콾ʱ򣬾ѾʼĴԡ
ʵ֤ԼֱǴشƷûԭΪô
ôˣȻǳƷ̫ˣΪʲôֻĴԳ
뵽֮࣬ʱֻо亹죬ƺǱҪɢϢǵĿ꣬ʾǳƷ
̫ǿˣǳʦ֣
֮ǰСǻô˵ҪܳʦôΣһܣ
ֻһܵĻɫѣӻսʦô
Ƭ֮ٵĵӹЦЩսҲôǣԭǻĳƷʧܣһƷѹʧܣʱʱһɨԭĵķΧƴǡ
ʣµĻɣɫΪѿ֮˸ĪĹâ
ǵâʱûԭĿ֮ɫ෴ģ֮Ҳ֮ɫ
Ʒ֮ǰĻҪǿᣬѾǳˡ
ƷһС֮ɨ˻ɣűˡ
ҪһϣҪһһϣƷЦЦһ˲䣬ĿȴѾ䵽˻ɵϡ
ʱɴʧɫָо˵һսʱ򣬱һͷ޸ˣһεս֮ϣ˵һһͷ޵ĿС
ڳƷΣյĸоҪڵһͷ֮ϡ
ã
ɶʱãǴʱƷĿѾɨ˹ϣò
սӣµս飬ˣ˵ݻƼҸǶˡ
ƷĿɨ˹һּΪǿҵѹȵĸоһּѪĸо
ƴˣ
ʱҲ֪սǲеģΨƴһսһľɳĥҲ˲ͱ˻
ԳƷʱƽгһ˳ꪣ컭ꪡ
䣡
˲ˣӱƷѹȥʧȥֵ
ַ֣òʱ֣ľһʤûˡ
컭֣ꪳ˲Χܱߣһɱ֮˳˷·صһƬɳ֮ϣܹĺɱһƬѪɫսɱ¾ޡ
һ˲䣬컭һ£վȻһʿʿһʼݣǺܿģȻֱӱ˻ɡ
ȴȫ°֮Уɫ䣬ɱһ㡣
ɳ
ʿһĴȣֱӳųƷ˹
ˣȻݻƼҵľѧɳ
˾һȷʵ˶ޱȵľ̾ɳսϵϾѧһﵱǧ֮ƣѰֵܹסġ
һɱ֮ƣһǿеķ
أʱ򣬳ƷųˣҲʲôĶֻǼ򵥵ָȭȻһȭ
ȭͬһХ˲佫Ǹʿ˸Դ
䣡
ɲǼ䣬ǸʿջѪɫĹ㣬սһɱķΧҲʧΣʧһɶ
ȫųƷһȭֱӸޣ޷ԳƷһǰ˺
һȭѣеһͳͳʧѹһеС
ã
ɶʱãǴʱƷһȭȥƲƿ˻ɵɳֱ֮ӳ˹
ңûôף
ɴһз컭ֱꪾһȭնȥҪһȭơ

һҵĽһȴֻƷһȭֱӽеķ컭ꪸպɳȥֱӻһʧ
Ʒȭͷ䵽˻ɵؿ֮ϡ
أ
һ޴ĺһͷѵɲҽһֱһӵ˳ȥݺײ˵ϣȻֱӽײһ󶴡
ػͺײһ㡣
Сһ޶ֱӱƷպĲҰܡ
һļž
Ϣ񣬲ûƷս
˸ղųƷС̵֮ƺҲûôԽˡ
һȫǲһɣ
Ժֻ֮ðĸֱ֣ǲһ


1849 һУ
һ˵Ĳһ
˭Ҳ֪ԭΪǿĻɣСˣȻ˵Ĳһ
ǻɣСûһǼ򵥵ڸԵ֮УҲǳ͵Ĵڡ
Ȼ콾ϣ콾һҲ¼һˣⲢЩ콾ϵ˾ͺ
ʵϣǻɺСҲûк콾ϵĸֵֽļ¼ȻֻǳֹȴҲǺ޻֮
ΪˣǲоԵսƷ
콾һѣûκʤ㣡
Ѱ֣ͬǼܹѹһеУЩƵǬصĸ֣ǵ֮Ҳʤ
һâ콾ϵ콾
ԳƷʱȴ˲һ˶ףСͻ̫ˣ෴ģղǳֵĳ֤ˣǾԲеʵҪǿ
һֻ˵ǳƷ̫ǿˣ
ƷǿǵĹâЩ콾ֵͬһĴ
ʦֵʵʦ֣Ҳ˰ɣ
˵оȻðͷǿԳ֣Ҳıˡ
ǿ
Ⱥ֮Уղ̨Ҳɵÿ˵ޱأǻɻСʵǼǿ
ϵĻȻǬأֻ޷˵߹ʮС
ͬǬأ˴֮Ĳ໹ǺܴģС˵ʵ޽ӽ콾񣬲ܱȽϵġ
ԳƷʱȴ˲һ
һֻ˵
Ʒǿˣ
ǿˣ
ڷڵӪ֮Уһ鸴ӵĿųƷȴǻԶ˭ء
ܹĸоƷʵ֮ǰȣֱ˷츲صı仯
ֱ仯оЩ
ٶȲ̶µʱ䣬ѾﵽǬһص۷壬ϾͿ취ͻƵǬء
ǳƷٶȸһһ̨ףֱһһ硣
еĲ࣬оϢ׷ϵ鶼᲻
һּ褺ĸоȻѾԶֺαгƷأ
ͬڼе˵ĹâƷڣ޿ƥС
Ⱥ֮УΨг쳣˷ܣΪƷ˵ģƷУʵ̫ߴˡ
ʱеսһҲֻʣŮڵŮڵű
һӽһ˵ʵֻƬ֮ѡ
ֻƬ֮䣬ǾͿԭΪǿе˰˳ƷС
޿ɱ粵ƷԾԵʵˣǶ޻˵
ȻҲǷڵĵӣǲδս飬ǵʵֻǬأǿҲǿǬأȻѰѾ˲õĸˣԼﻹġ
սģҲΨлɣСűڲֻƬ֮䣬һѾˣʣµ˵һּѹ
ϣ
ʱ໥һۣ̾˱˴˵˼Ǿ໥֡
ҲΨˣܹԿ˳Ʒˡ
ԭǸмΪ֮ϾսƷģȴֶԸƷʲô
ʵǺݺݵһƣף֮ǰ룬ֱЦ
ԳƷʵҲǶˡ
ɲǼ䣬űˣĿһӳˣһӣȫ͸һĽ⣬һӳųƷ˹ȥ
ղ
ͬһ㣬ӵųѰҲűĵ֮һһֱӶ˵ơ
ͬʱ֮УȻͬʱϰٸܣϰٿͬʱƷŰΧסղΪףֱ͹˹
ϰٿȫ֣ʩչѧЩҲ˿
ǿһСһʦͿ൱ϼʮϰٸ֡
˲ȭ
Ʒ˿£һȭȭݻ˰˲˲Х
أ
أ
أ
һȭϰ൱ǬĿܾȻһͳͳը˿ڰ֮ɢƬȻ࣬ں˻ֻǻ˶ѡ
ƷȭƲһȭǸ͸Žܡ
ûõģҵĿ˽ղ񹦣㲻ܹģ
ű¶˼ŵ飬Ǭ۷ĸҲ湥Ŀܡ
Ļ䣬ʹһѵǸܵձ顣


1850 һ£
űıסˣղŲŴĿܾԲܱƷƣǽȴƷһȭˡ
ʲôдͽд
ʱһȣ漴Ǽ˵Ŀ־壬Ҫ֪ЩѰܲͬһֱĿܣ˵еĿ֮еĵƣͬǬصĸ֣ĿܵĶ֡
ܹ书ӵǻۣղ񹦣Ѿǿ˼˵ĵز
ٺüǬصĸֵΧǶûа취ƿķ
˵ĽҲĵ֮һ
˭֪ԳƷʱ򣬾Ȼ˲һֻǼ򵥵һȭѣֱӺˡ
ʱоޱȵΣղŲŸոշųĺԣ˲ͱˡ
Ǵʱݲ룬Ϊ֪ʲôʱ򣬳ƷȭͷѾɨĸǰˡ
еķеĽڳƷȭͷǰֵһᡣ
ȫȫǳƷĶ֣
أ
Ʒһȭűؿڡ
˿ű֮УȻƣԳƷȭͷΪģȻ˲ɢ˿ͬ֩һɢ
˾ֻһѿһǲ˲ȫ˿
űȻǿˣ
Ϊѹû뵽űȻǿˣϾͷ˲ԣűǿˣԼһ֮С
˶Ҳڵһͨڿ֮УԼı⵽ͻϮ
һܾǱܣҲǿģ򲻵ѵʱ򣬲Ի
űͳͳ˳ƷϣܾȻסƷһͳͳը鿪
һȭѣűشˣֱѪ˹ȥ
ЩսǣޱȣƷʵʵ̫ǿˣ֮ҲٮٮߣǿЩ֮һűȻסƷһȭѡ
ЩڵĵȻоӷǳȴҲһʮֲֿĸоǶо
ʱĸ֮УҲֻʣһˣ˪Ʒˣ˵ҲһǰǿС
ģĽڳƷǰĿԡ
Ƭ֮䣬֣ȫ̸ֵϣ׼ȷ˵ֱ֣Ȼ˾ͼ
ǴʱѾݲΪűֵʱҲѾˣûбİ취
ȫɢŵϵŮ·һ㡣
ȻŮĹ˵ŮڵڹѰŮڵĵҲôڣֻгΪŮڵĳƺŮ֮󣬲пܻôڣһȻͬ죡ʱһԵ˼ڣ֮ǰҪصĶˡ
ʩչŮĹ֮˵һΣ͸ղȣͬն
ɲǼ䣬һֻذ׵ֱӴ͸˳գݺݳųƷ
ƷҲشűűĻ֮һֻذ׵䵽ϡ

һ޴ĽԼһֱĵһϵĸоһ޷Ʒķ
ôôǿ
ʱҲͬǴʧɫ˽վǸһ㣬ڸôֱ£Ʒжǿһֲ׹
Խָ޷˵ܹǿĵز
ǱܵģˣҿǴʱҪˣôףɲǼĹ򣬳ƷѾһ׷ȥֱӼ򵥵һȥ
أ
ֱһУֻһתҵʹռȫ˲䣬һѪͬߵķһ㵹˳ȥݺ䵽˵ϡ
ֱӻ˹ȥ֪
ˣȫѾҰ˳Ʒϣ˶ɵˣڣսŽԤϵģģȫ顣
ڴ֮ǰǷ֮УԳƷĵˣҲ뵽ƷǿʤЩˣסԼ콾
һѾʮ˵ˣϾƷһ˵ս飬ܹʧѾʮ־ˡ
ʵȴǳ׵׵ĳ˵֮⣬ḻҲ벻ľ档
Ʒ׾ٵľͽ˻ܣͬǴϷˣͯ˫Ĳһ㣬ֱһоͱܣûа취Ʒ㹻в˿Ʒʵ˺εȾ˵ĵز


1851 콾֮ս
仰˵˵ĲҰܣƳƷȫ
ͳͳһɱ˶ڳƷʵ˿ֲĲ²⡣
һսսһȥֻҲ˻ɳƷܹλ콾ˡ
˲һɣѵ콾ʵô
ֻλ콾ΪĳƷн콾֮ڶŵǵɹʵ
콾ǰеЩ콾ǳָ֣Ǻεĳ棿
һľӢ뵽Ȼһ־ĸоǲŬǵʳڣͬҲǷǳŬոһյĿޣûйһɵʱ
Ǻܶʱ򣬺ܶ鲢ŬͿֲģΪЩ˲ţǹ
ͱ˵ڵĳƷںܶ˵УǾһ۲۵Ĺ
Ѱ콾ͬһļ򵥡
ⲻǲ۲۵Ĺʲô
ĹȻֻŵһֻǸоϵĹ̫̫ˣ
أΪһεսѾʱȴƷĿɨһԵĵֶ죬ղ㲻ҲҪնҵͷ­ôղײպˣĵ׹죬񣡡
ƷĻʱ˵һȻ󲨣ƷȻĴֱ֮ս˵ֶ졣
콾֮ս
˵Ժ֮оð⼸֣Ҫֶ֪ɲǻܹᲢ۵ġ
ûа취콾񣬵ֶǻʵ콾ϵҪڳƷ֮ϡ
ⲻɵ˸о˷ΪֶȻڳƷ֮ϣҲͱȳƷǿϼѣӦࡣ
ʣӦһս
ԭΪ֮ǰƷҪܻɵ˾ͱҪһ˭֪ɸƷļжֵסֱǱ
ûܹչֳʷ׳ʵսͬȻһս
콾ϵ콾ǵв׽֣ΪЩλȨأ콾Ǵŵ
ԵǶԸ׳֣һֱȻʤʤ˻ãһˣ롣
ⱲҲһ콾ս
ţֶĿĿųƷ˵㾹ȻеӸսǿ֮ΪҺһô
ֶǿеŭУƷֱǲ֪ߵغ񣬱𿴳ƷļսߣⱾȻġ
콾ϵ͸þ߱ͳڳƷȻĿתԼϣֱѰ·
ҲûдҪܾΪǰҲǲ⣬Ʒ˵ֱ»
Ȼ֪ҵĵ첻죬ǾԴԺˣ
ƷܹԸֶ֪֮еɱ⣬ֻսƷӶ콾ͬ
ֶ̺֮ųͷβɱ⣬óƷҲɵڳɱ⡣
ɻ
ƷЦһֶ˵ȻҾһɣ
ֶЦһɲǼ䣬һɿֲޱȵĵڿն𣬽У˲䣬ֶͽ˵һľ硣
Ǭ۷壡
ղ̨ɴ۾ƺÿһӶԸ콾ĩβʵ
֪콾ĸ־жٲࡣ
ֶͻȻҲ˲˵ע⣬ڵƳϣǵ۾ֱˡ
ֶʵȻѾǬ۷壬һݵʵǺ͸ղųƷһͬٻɵ˵ΧҲ׾ٵĻʤ
ǻǣҲֶĶ֡
ŵһĳ־֮󣬾֮оѷ֣ԺɨѹһǿС
ƷΪܻǼܻңǴشˣҾʵ㣬ڲ콾ֶЦϵĵŨһɵ⣬һɵǿƵڳܶǬĸֶɵ÷׷׺ˡ
ҪǳģȻܹоµĵâͬһ쵶ǵͷϣʱ£һ£ʱ
䣡
ֶڽ˼£ˡ
ֵ֮飬ղ֮ԺͳƷ˵Ϊľʱ䣬ĵɡ
ʶ˸ղųƷ赭дĻܻɵˣţԴҲҵ֮
ڣڿƾһɵĵ⣬һǿкɱ
¡
նȻ񷶼룬ǧɳĵϯ˲͵Ʒǰٶֲ֮


1852 ֶ죬
죡
죡
죡
һ쵽˼£
ֻоһ־˵ѹ·˶Ҫһиһ㡣
һȥ߷ãͬΪǬ۷ĸ֣ܱشɱ
ûܹõֲֿѹȸУµĵϯĳƷ·졣
С
ƷЦһ
Ҳˣ
ɲǼ䣬ƷХһεضӭһâϣҲʩչʲôͨʲôѧֻǼ򵥵һȭ
һֻ׾ȭͷֱӺնĵâ

ֶƷĶʱЦŭЦƷôֱѰ·ˡ
ͽֽĵâоԵţ콾ǰеЩ콾Ҳ
Ϳˣ
ʱ֮УӺͳ϶ɵðһ仰һâ̫£Ժɽա
ʱӦݱܷâŶԣƷǸ벻ЩһֱȥӲ
䣡
һµıըɲǼըѣγһĢһµݺᡣ
˷׷׽˫֮УſƷȻͽһȭסһնĵââϱŽ˿̫ĿֲâǾӲûа취һ
ͽֽӱ
ʱĺһ仰ʱȫ
ղĽղ֮˺Ʒǿȣֱǵ
Ҳ˵û˵ԱⱦЩ˻϶컯ĸ֣һ컯֮Ϊĸ֣
Ͼ˵Ѫ֮Ƿȴ޼ɵļǿ
Ǹȫͬ£
˵ͫ׶΢΢ʲôʲôʣ
ʵϣƷԺͻԶ棬ܵʱ򣬾кܶ˻ɣҲʲô϶һ
Ϊһ˵ޣ
һ˾θߣʲУҲޣһˮ׺һӾأˮװˮҲȲӾװʮ֮һˮ
ǶЩ飬Ʒտڲ̸ȻҲûܹʳʲôҲֻǲ²⡣
Щ˲²ǿǿЩ˲²Դ֮׺ͣʹͨ˵ҡ
Щֻǲ²ѣڣʶһ棬ͽֶԿĵâֱǲ顣
ʲôֶԼһȻôƷסˣ֮ɱ⣬ټϸղųƷ˵ģŲ֮ĻҲðɡ
ٿЦˣǽסһѣʲôֵýģ
ֶŭһֱ֮һ˸Ѿ嵽˳ƷǰֱӺ͵һ˵ĵն
һâ£µĳ̶ȱղŻҪһ
˵ˣֻǵСѣ
Ʒֶ죬Ц˵
ѾûмֵȤˣ֪ҵĲ࣬ж󣡡
˵ʱ٣ʱ죬ƷָȻֱӾͼסһµĵâ

һһ
ʲôָͼסˣ
˶ˣ˵ղųƷȭͷֶһѾĻôڳƷָֻͽµһһ˵ĸо
ţƷתƣһ˵ĵâȻһһıѿı鲼ָĹƣͬ֩һɢ
أ
һ޴ޱȵĺ˾ֻһâȻջĹâҲ֯
̫̫
ʱ򣬳ƷƲȫͷ˳Ȼѹסֶ졣
ʵϣǳƷʵ֡
ʵϣ֮ǰƷѾͻƵǬˣǸʱʵѾڵֶ졣
֮ڷɹİ֮£˳µͻƵǬ۷塣
ʵҲ˷츲صı仯ͻƵʱǿ˺ü仰˵ڵĳƷֶ˵Ҫǿü
۷壬ֶܹĵģ
ʱ򣬳ƷţǺ콾ǰе콾棬Ҳ˿𺳵ĺϲˣʱٶϣƷǽ棬սʤ֮
һȭܻҾһɣ
ƷЦһɲǼ䣬ֱӳˣָȭһ˲䣬֡
ã
ʱֶܵһɾ˵ɱ⣬оԼܵв
أ
ֻоǰһֻ֣һȭͷ֪ʲôʱᴩ壬ֻоȫڷٵš
ֶ죬


1853 ţʲô
ôһ¡
ͫ΢΢ǶûпʲôһоѾˡ
Ʒٶ̫ˣ
˵ղֶĵâֵٶȾѾܿ˵ĻôƷٶҪһϡ
쵽˵۾ûӦֶҲûܷӦƷһȭ˺˳գֶŵͱ鿪
˿ֶؿѾһȭϡá
һȭ֮ĵزֱǲ˼ģ
ʱԭٳٶ۵ҲѾ˲ԣΪ뷨ͬ˶ΪƷ벻ֶĶ֣ܹƽ־Ѿ൱ˡ
Ͼ콾ϵֶ컹ڳƷ֮ϣ
ƷֶܹսƽѾ㹻ˡ
ȻʵȴǺݺݴһƣǸʲô֪Ʒֶܹսƽ
ֱӵֶ죬ֶʵͲǳƷĶ֣ͷβ򣬴Ӹ棬˶óֶ첢ǳƷĶ֡
漴̷ܶӦ˹ˣƷȻɱֶ죡
ôɱֶ죬һưոݵģ
ЩɫһӾͱˣԭΪƷ϶ҶЩΣʵϣ֮ǰСǻűȻشǶû
ֶֻ죬Ǳֱһȭɱ
һ飬ǵȻھǳƷûɱǣûеɱǡ
෴ģƷʵҲӣǵʱŹһ·ֶֻ죬ƷɱԾɱˡ
ô򵥡
ͻȻ뵽ˣֶȫͬΪսƷģֶԺ˲߲ͬơ
ǳƷʹɱֵĸԭ򣬲ˣƷĵ֮ҲǾò˼顣
뵽˺ȻǺܶ뵽ˣֶһϯӣΨһһ콾ˡ
ֶ죬ſνǼ˷ǳϣ˵Ϊһġ
źͷڲͬʮ֮һӵеԴġ
Ȼֻͬһϰ񣬵ȴΪ⣬û䣬Źȫֶ콾Ѿ߾ȫ
ڳƷȻֶɱˣ֪ſҪˣ
˿Ʒ֪ƷĲںǸû뵽һ㡣
СˣöԱˣԭǻ߷߲ƽڵ˳Ʒôһȭɱֶ֮ǾͳûԹˡ
ԣƷӵһȭɱǵʵֻҪԸôһоͺܼ򵥡
ʱǶòмңҿԼûмŭƷĻֱ룬ֻһ
ƷŵϯɱҲɱˣ۾գһ£ҪɱǣҲʲô
ʱڵĵƺҲ뵽һ㣬Щ˿ʼΪƷĵģȴǲں
Σֶ첻Ҫҳʦֵ鷳ּҪɱƷ浱Ƿں۸ô
Ƿڿɲʲô۸СС
б
ڵ˿壬𿴷ʮ֮УֻǾĩǺôҲʮţִƹȨȻ
ʵҲֻǲѣڵĵӶţȻƵġ
˭ȻȭۣҲǷǳ顣
Ȼ˲ϲƷΪ̫ϳϽ򰲻һ飬˶ԳƷе⣬ΣҲڲìܣԳƷȴˡ
һȭ˵ֶ֮󣬳Ʒ治ɫֶ߲ƣǿڿ˵ҪɱԳƷƢȻܷŹ
ºǣҲ޾壬֮ǰѾȫͬչԼ콾ʵҪߵֶ졣
ֻҪڸ߲㻹ûȫϹˣ϶ʧżڵɱҲȻǿӲĽ䵲ȥ
콾ϣⲻֻеĺô֮һˡ
Ҫǣڷ֮еĵλ˷츲صı仯Ժƽ
жֶ죬ھͻⶼһġ
һ㶼ģ
ֶͻȻ߲ƣҪ˵ⱳûʹƷҲţںǣ붯һ콾ϵ콾ģǬԪ֮⣬ƷҲ벻˭ˡ
ŶԳƷԽԽӣǬԪСҲԽԽֶ࣬Ҳڲǿ


1854 Ȼ
Ϊ˾ɱƷǬԪνǷѾĻǬԪԼû뵽ƷʵȻܹﵽĵز
ոյ콾ûжʱ䣬ܹ׾ٵĽֶ
ʵϣ콾ϵϰˣ˵һһ֮еٮٮߣеĵһŵĶ콾
˴֮ʵԭ콾ϰ׵ǬԪҲֻǬ۷壬콾ϣ˳Ʒ̥֮⣬˵ʵҲ϶Ǭ۷׶Ρ
˴֮Ĳಢ󣬶콾ŵҲǾа෴ģսа
Ȼ޼Ǳ˴֮սȴи֮֡
ڣǬԪһ컯֮⣬˵ľ綼ûԵĲࡣ
콾֮µඥţҲѾǬأǬ۷ҲС
ֻΪ콾ֻһˣǸûл¶ˡ
콾ڲǰЩ֮⣬ںЩ콾˴֮Ҳڲϵı仯
Ȼܾûʲô𣬵˵õʲôʲôͨУսͻһΡ
ڳƷˣ˵ԭֻǿ뵽콾ϵĻôڶ̶ʱ֮ľͷٶȽ콾ϵҲз츲صı仯
ǳƷ˵ڣΪ˶һ󾳽۷壬޷ͻơ
޷ͻսӾޣƷڲϵĽУȻܶʱڽԽˡ
ͳƷͬƵĻǬԪͻƵһȫµľ֮ǬԪֻҪȹ˾֮󣬾Ϳڶʱһ˵
Ʒսߣһս֮УֱӺɱ콾ϵھʮֶ죬Ϣǵһʱ䣬ʹڡ
ʦӮˣ
Щս߼ûһ֮У
Ҫǣֶ춼˳ʦֵϣ
Ǹ˵еĵô
һս֮󣬳ʦֲܹס콾ϵǰɣ񶼸Ƕ֣
ڣ۷׷ףڴ֮ǰûʲô˿óƷ£˾شת׾ٵĻһսߣһɱ˵ֶ졣
νǷϮĵ䷶ǳƷŸոհ꣬û̫ʱ䣬ѾѰһӶ顣
˸ǳΪ˷֮ŵӵż񣬲֪ӽƷΪż
ԭƷһѡ׷ߵʱ򣬲֪жѣֻǰν
ڰųƷսߣչֳԶľս֮󣬳ƷһӳΪ˷֮еġ
˭óΪڶ콾ķڵӣڸ߲Ȼ߾ȫǸʱ򣬳ƷĵλȻˮǴߡ
ΪƷ׷ߣȻܹһ糱
Ʒһѡ׷ߵʱ򣬲ֻһЩŵӺŵԸ׷Ʒ
ųƷ콾ڸȶ˵λһ֮󣬱˵ŵӺŵˣǾӢӾв֪Ҫ뾪Ʒ塣
洫Ӻͳ϶׷Ʒ뾪Ʒ壬γһ洫Ӻͳϵˡ
Ͼ֮ǰһкüǬĳԸ׷棬͸˵ڵĳƷν죬Ƹһʮֹ
ǰ;Զ洫ҲԸƷ£ΪƷ׷ߡ
ϾȻǰ;Զ󣬵ҲԶҲֻͻƵ컯δΪŵһԱ
ǳƷȴͬˣδ룬ʸ֮λʧˣһϯ̫ϳϵλҲٲˡ
ĸȻδӰĻʳµĴ
ʱǸųƷҲܹ³۳ңָܹᲢ۵ġ
ҲΪʲôʷϵǿߣ׷ߵԭ򣬱ǳƷ֮еĵʣҲӵ׷ߣڵʱڣʵ̫ǿʱ򣬱ǿΪ츳𾪣Ը䵱Ļˡ
ڵʳɹ֤֮ЩȻҲջ˷ǳĺôһ˵õȮ˵ľ
ֻҪƷֹɫǰ;Զ󣬼Щԭ߸ϣĸ洫ӣҲԼһμȮ
ͬʱеҶҲͬõϢҲмҡ
ȻǲųƷ֮Уʵ˷츲صı仯ֻĵ飬ϾǬֲǿЦ
ȻΪƷʵֻûȫˡ
һ֮ҶѾ׵û˺ͳƷ۵뷨
û뵽ƷȻʵҵ۲ʶ̩ɽ˰ˣӽұչаɣ
¶֮ĻҶ㵱Ҫչأ顣
ⲻֻǳƷһսĲ֮һˡ


1855 콾ʮ
һսĻϢȴ˷ڣûãĻʳȫ¶֪Ϣ
ǳƷһȭֶ֮£롣
ڣ콾ֵĴ࣬н֣ҲǳֹϾ콾ϾѾվһ۷壬δվ۷塣
öԹЩ콾ϵ콾ֳûбҪÿһ콾콾򵥣ûʮİһ֣룬ܽԼȥ
֮ͬǰϲʵ˼ΪᣬҲĴ
ַΧ֮УƷԵʵ̫ͻأˣҲúܶʶ½콾Ŀֲʵ
һͬ콾ϵ콾ǺεȺ˵ʵ
Ҿ˵δˣҲζţƷʵԶԶڵҲܹεĳ̶ȣ㾴ĩ
ҲǳƷһԸֵ̬Ϊ֪֮ͬǰЩ츳ǣϾִǬ۷콾֣Ҳһˡ
ڵٶȽչȥֻ컯ڣǸʱ򣬾Ӱݵĸˡ
ܿ죬Ҳ¸һ콾񣬶ƷҲԭĩһ콾ʮ
ʱһν
ʲôһٶȣǻһٶȣ
ڴ֮ǰȻûǻ϶ԭǰ͵ˣȻֱӱȥ
һ˺ܶࡣ
ȻȴͬƷӲƾԼʵȥģ˻Ȼ
˱ʾȻƷйֶ콾ļ¼һʮ֪εȵȻ󲨡
Ҫ֪ǰʮѾ콾ǰеĵһˣ˾˲콾콾Ĳ
Щ˶ڳƷλ콾ûʲôȤΪ˵ǲֻĩβЩ˵ᡣ
ڳƷȻһʮҲζ˵ƷԽ˹ȥ
ĿһͻԼһ룬ǳԵĺ󱲾ȻԼͷϣܹܡ
ڱԹ֮콾ǹȫĬˡ
۷׷׵ʱ򣬺ܿϢ˳Щ콾֮ûдӿ飬ԭֻһǾЩ콾嶼˱չص״̬
˳Ʒ̥֮⣬ܹ콾ϵǬ۷ĸ֣֮ϡ
ΪˣǾͻƵ컯ҲֻʱѣǶԸͼѿ࣬Ҳ˵ƷòöԸ˵ʱ䣬ͻƵ컯ǾĻüë
콾ڵһǼ컯˭һ֮ȣռͷѾˣǬԪ
˭Ҳһ֮Уˡ
ڳƷ
ĳһ콾˵Ǭ컯һԽĺ蹵ս죬ҲܿԽһ蹵ҵͻƣֻһЦѣ
콾Ļʱ˶Ȼˣ콾ѾȵǸزֻףʱҲûбͻƵ컯Ҫ
һͻƵ컯ڿֱǰʮĳƷֻһЦѡ
Ǭ컯֮䣬ʮʮսࡣ
˵֮ǰƷƾһϸµĻôǿ컯һоֻصԭ㡣
ϵվϵҲֻϣһʱҲֻһʱѣεɱĥƽһС
һʱ䣬һɿƷķ糱
˶ףǬ컯֮Ĳͬǵ֮𣬼ɿԽ
Щ콾аͻƵ컯ȻһأھųɵǬ۷˵ȴһҲ޷Խȥĺ蹵
еز˴֮츳һĿȻеȻһ·쭣еѾʼŻŲǰ벽
˿ƷԭģƷҪսƥ컯ԼҲҪǡ
ԳƷľ˵֪Ҫòпܿ컯ǸʱЩ콾ϵ콾ֲ֪ܹεȾˡ
һ࣬ǲ࣬ϵƣɡ
ΪͲеҲЩ곤콾ɳ֮·עҪȱ˿
һɷ糱ܿ͹˷֮УʱжԳƷȳһˮ
һ侲
Щǲᶨ֮Ǿ֮˵


1856 һ仯컯
һɷ糱ε˷ڣƷȻһ֪
ʵϣǵһʱ䣬žѾϢ˳Ʒһɷ糱ڷ֮˵ȷʵһӰ졣
ڸķڵ˵ȴһˣ
Ͼͬ˵ǰƷڻᱻ콾˦ͺΪ˵δɲ
ѡƷ׷ߣͶʵȻδһʱĳ̡
һɷ糱֮Ȼò˶һЩֻǶ˵Ӱȴ
νĴѳɣ
ǳƷͻȻ䣬ĻֹֻóƷĴ˿Ķҡ
Ÿ߲޻̸֮ϾͶʵδֻҪƷܹɳ±һ콾һ㣬ڷ˵ҲҪġ
Щ콾ҲƵҪߵͷʱ򣬶Ǹʱ򣬲Ʒʱ
ҲֻΪѣƷûЩ
һ̫ãֻϦ
˶֪ƷΪսͻƵ컯˶ٵŬ컯ĸ͵伮ͳͳ컯ĸ˽ĻҪࡣ
ˣҪ뽫սͻƣȻҪŬǳѣȴһϣûС
һͻƣһƬ̹;ܿ׷ǬԪٱ
һʱ䣬ڳƷ˵ҲͬҪ
Щ콾ϵ콾Ϊʵǿ󣬲Ըͼѿ࣬ƷҲԸ˷ʱ䡣
ŵµ˫ĳĬƷһԾϣλ콾ʮ飬Ҳܿͱˡ
콾ϵ䶯Ȼһʱ˵Ҳֻһ֮Ľ棬ӰµĴû˿仯
ʱַΧ֮УҴţͬ׾Թ϶һ㡣
һʱ伸գۼš
һʱ֮У¶˾޴ı仯
ı仯ʣȻ콾ϵı䶯
Դһǰ콾Ϲԭ콾һǬԪ˳컯֮󣬶̶һʱ֮У콾ϹѾ컯
ÿһʱ䣬콾ͻ仯ԭ콾Ҳʱ򻮷ֿ˲ࡣ
ǬԪ֮콾ͬܵʲôҵĴ̼һʱھͽͻơ
ʣµˣȻδͻƣҲѾˡ
ҲǸĸ߲Ը⿴ľ棬Ͼ콾֮䲻ֻ໥жԵĹϵ໥໥ٽá
콾Ĵڣĳ˵ҲǴ̼Щ콾ǵģ˭Ը˺
ڰǰһ컯ǬԪ˱䶯컯أ
ȿ컯֮ǬԪһ컯أһʣִ̼ҹչأԼʵ
콾ϹĸѾ컯ʣµһС˵Ʋ֮У꣬һҲܹ컯
ôǸʱ콾Ҳӭһ츲صı仯
һЩ콾컯ôԭֻ˵Ǳӵĺ󱲣콾Ѿ߱Ӱ´Ƶʵ
컯ĸ֣۴ĸǶܼ򵥵ĵӵ
һĶţѾһ֮Ĵˡ
ΪӦƵ䶯ľƣ˳ƶӽԺ콾ʵʵʱ£Ƕڸ¡
ֻҪϵ˵ʵ仯̱콾ϡ
ϢһȻ󲨣⻹ͷһÿһʱƳһ콾
ܳʱ䶼а񵥵ı仯ԴһǰƷϰ֮ʼ˷롣
콾ǾһʱĻֽ֮һοٱʱڣʵ죬ÿʵڽ
ԭ콾ƳѾ޷Ӧֽ׶콾ʵʶؽ콾Ϊʵʱ»ƣ
ͳôһ֮ͣͲðͷľ޴󲨶˵Ӱе콾콾ʵѾӽ콾Щǡ
콾ֻ¼һˣΪֻôһ㼴ɵ콾ʮʮڴˡ
ЩҲͬע콾ʵʱ仯
ʵʱµģõһ콾ƳǴ̼Щ콾ƴУϰҪסԼλãûϰҪϰ
ڰ񵥺ҪԽǰ콾ڰǰ콾ǲ˿иҹͣĿޡ
Щ콾Ƕȫչ֮ûЩϵ콾ڸ߶֮󣬸صľƷƽϢ˺ܶࡣ
һ࣬¼˵ӭһѵõĺƽʱڡ
ҲС˺ܶ࣬


1857 ڣң
֮£˵Ҳ˵СҲСܵ˵Щ֮ˡ
ֻЩܹӰ¾ƵĴﲻ׶֣һֱȻµĴ¡
ڸ֮УΪͷΪԾ˲Ǳˣ콾ϵЩ콾ǡ
¼飬䶯һʱģٶЩ콾ǵӰӣʱƣЩ콾ʵ𽥾߱Ӱµ
Щ콾Ƕͣıչеʱ¼ľͻȻһӱķƽ˾
콾ϲϱ仯ͬʱҲȻ֣һǰһʱĳƷѾֱӵǰʮˡ
ԭ콾ϵʮһӵ˵ʮ
ǰ棬ȫһɫ컯ĸ֣
仰˵˵컯֮µһˣ
ƺţʱ򣬿ɲʲôͷ֮ǰƷһ嵽ǰʮһӽྭ콾ȥ
˲֪˵ĲƷܹһֱ㹻ǿҲˣһƷ¶˿ƣ̬ͻ̳ΪȺĶ
һѾ˵ʮˣٵһ꣬ʣµҲͻƵ컯֮¾Ҫ񵥵ĩβˣٹ꣬ЩҲͻƵ컯֮콾񶼴סˣվûе̵ıѣ
˶ôģһʱ䣬˵˿
һʱ䣬Ȼ˾˵ϿɣϾ컯ǺڳƷǰһǵ
Ŀǰ˿ԷԾһǵҲڱԽĿԡ
ж׷ھж䳰ȷ
·ˣֳǵķͬѰһ㡣
̩ǣıУڳƷפ֮󣬽ʱ䣬˷츲صı仯ûз޹ĳǽҲѾޣ󷨺ͽõ޲Ͳ䡣
̩ڶ̶̼ʱԭ࣬Ȼһ¡
ԭѾûıСǣʱǳ˸ĳС
ԭפڱ̩ǵؾҲһǰΪԶ
˵ľӽפǿ˱̩еİȫУ̶һʱ䣬ǣҴڣطǨ
˿ҲѾͻưˣ
Ϊ˸Զľþ
ڱ̩еͨ˵ǲ̫콾ϵıҲ֪Щ
˵ܹԸоԴӳƷԶפ̩֮ԽԽá
ԭ̩̾µҴ˱ܹ֬Ÿ฻ԣڳƷЩҴ֮󣬱̩ͨϵļһ塣
˱Ҫɵ˰֮⣬Ķһɲùܣָֿܳ˰ˡ
˵һһĺ
Ʒ̰̩ǿûʲôȤȻҪһ֧˵Ĵھӵϸ׼ĵԴǲ
ֻһ̩ǵһ֧
ԴΪԶ֮󣬳͢һ֮ǰ䲻Ųʵ̬ȣ²±еٮٮߣڸ־ҲһӦվһ㶼ûٹ
ˣĿǰĳƷ˵ҪһֻȻǳѡ
ΪƷҰĲҪһ֧ԶѰƾӡ
˸ָԴͶϧǺܶͼԴĿǰĳƷ˵ûκôԶȴмá
ֻһʱ䣬֧Ӿ˷츲صı仯ľУԭ͸Ʒڵı̩ؾĳԱѾ龳ĸ֮⡣
ʣµ±Ҳһѵ֮У׷׿龳֮С
ƿһ֧˵龳ӣ۳ֲľֱ꣬ھפ֮УƷ˵ƾһ֧ӣֶԿ컯ĸ֡
һʱ䣬֧˷츲صı仯ԭ̩ؾΪܣԴΪţԭͨı̩ؾҲ׷ױγΪ˳ȵͼ١
ټϳƷڷ֪֮ƷΪƷ׷ߣкܶྫӢӶƷ׷˾֮гΪи߲ľ١
ЩӢӿɶǶ龳ĸ֣һУξڶеһãֱǳˡ
ΪЩӢӵļ룬ܹڶ̶һʱ֮˷츲صı仯߱һ֧ǿı׼
ƷҲ֪֮һ֧ǿһ֧Զų֮ͽ߽ĵĴƽط
ԭΪشĻʳҲƿز¸ֵ˺У壬壬͸
̶һʱ䣬ͱɨһգǱ𣬾Զӳǧâ
ڣң


1858 ʶְΪڼ
̶һʱ䣬̩ǵĻѾ˷츲صı仯Զһ֧ǿأλڱЩҲ͸
ڸ͸Ʒֻ̬һǾγ
Ǻ˭йᣬ鵽Ǵ
֮£˵Щ͸ǱصĵҲͳͳ
ԭ߽Ŵǿԭ̩ؾʵȻûȥһܱȫû
£Щ˺ǿǳš
ԶЩ˺ǿҲֻԶݶܷâ
Щնɱ֮󣬳ƷЩ˵ͷ­ͳͳնɾۣС
˺ƽĻ̩ǷչٶȻǼģ̶һʱͻͽķչΪ˸ǳصġ
Ͼеı߳ǶģҲѾǵһߵĳУȻ̫оĲפء
ԭΪǰߵʱҲ̫ܷסֵ˵ϮţΪĲҪԿûʱ侸ƽط
ֻܹסвɧţһЩƫԶĵطⱻЩɧţѾˡ
ǴĻʳֻǴĻʳԵķǿУԴĻʳǿЩ׽⡣
ټϱ̩Ǳڵسǳ֮פصĲͱ˶ĵطӣسǻԣҲǽ˷ˡ
ټЩҲ֪أҹǳأĻʳһŭ֮£Щ𲻹ֻǴĹ
ԶЩˣǳضһֻ۱һֻۣƷɲЩǱ򣬻ץһͿһ˿
һʱ䣬̩Ǹ򣬳ΪһƬ̩ڿԿʱʱԶǣǧʱַǽ˷ˡ
վͻ῭飬Щͨĵ治ԶĶ֣һЩ֣ھзڵӵ֮£Ҳ
һֱ˷˵ʱ򣬳Ʒŷ֣⸽ĵжôĻң˵ı֧ߣܾĳаħĵӣĳаħǱŲٵĺ֡
ҲǷڵӵĶ֣ЩɶڵľӢء
ƷǬķףһķڵӶǶ֣ǳ˳ƷԳ֣һɱ
ɱ˼Ǭķ֮еĵеĸֶŷӣ˵ˣһˡ
һ죬̩ԶӪ˧УƷֳһ̫ξ顣
һݽĹְ飬ƷԭƷԶΪһƷԶ󽫾
ߪٶ֮죬ҲҪŵܶ˵۾ˡ
Ʒȴ֣һʱȥһǰһ޶ʮͷģ֮дżȻƶ
ڳƷⲻֻȻ飬һʱ֮УնɱǬ֣ͳʮǻϷˣÿһǶӯѪծۡ
˳Ʒ־û˿ЩǬĸ֣϶ǬһأأصΪǬУֻĩȡ
ǬأǬصĸ֣ҲǳƷĶ֣һȭԺɱĶ󣬶˵ûбϵķֱ
ЩǬĸ֣˸ɢ֮⣬ĶиţаħЩŵĵӣֻΪԭ˵ˡ
֧ܶ˶ֵ֧ģĿıӶԴΪṩ֧֡
ͳͳ˳Ʒϣһ࣬ƷնɱǬ־ʮټͨĵʮ򣬿˵ǿҪ̩ǸЩ˸Ͼɱ
ȻĻҲЩײޱȵĵˡ
ⶼʵʵսǸ߲ǬԪҪ赲ȴҲ赲ˣϾ̫ξԲĴڣרŹϸ߼ٵȻ
һνһƷ󽫾֮󣬵ȥʶְ
ҲţƷѾ˸߽׾ٵ֮УϣǷࡣ
ҲѵһĻʳ϶߲ǧ򲿶ӣд󽫾ľв٣ܹɹȴ֮ٵġ
һĿǰֻǬԪһˣ
ȻѾٽ㣬Ʒ⣬ֻǳ飬ǸʱͿԺǬԪƽƽڱʲôıˡ
һˣڱ̩ߣҪùˣҲʱóȥˣƷ˵ȥʶ˵ְǽ˻ᣬܲܵõ˼Ϣ
ְһµʱ䣬ȥʶ֮ǰʱ򣬽ΪǬˣ
Ʒ֮˸žâ֮⣬û֪ΪѾﵽǬصٽ㣬ֻһͿ˳µͻƵǬء


1859 Ǭأս컯
һ֮У콾ϵνһٵ˿ò˶ãҪ콾ˡ
Խսˣʮ˲֮£Ȼ׶ʱҪֳˡ
ϾľȱҪͣսҪԽһ󾳽磬ᲢۣеѶ֮ӹɡ
Щż˵Ǵ£̩ǵвĴš
ȻҲƷĶĿԴˣԶµʮֵķֿ
ôʱ䣬ƷͳշԶ£Զ¹ġ
Ͼôʱ䣬ƷṩԴзţ伮ȵȣһСˣЩȫõЩͨʿϣȻǹġ
̶ʱھͻƵ龳ͨʿ˵ǿɼ롣
οⲻֻǿʼܹһ콾ϵ콾δǰ;һ㲻Ƿ֮еĵܹʶͨʿҲ׵ġ
ǳţȳƵ˸ߣƷǲÿɷ콾ϵ½Ȼ飬Ͼ˶Լԭ̤
˶ΪµĻǾǴشˡ
һʱ֮УȻʵûнǶڲͣĲ֮ǰڲ鱦пЩ컯
ϵĲ򣬲ϵĴλΪľʵһηԾ
ڣҲǸʱˣԳͻƵǬˣһͻƣսҲ˳ĳ嵽컯
սԽһ󾳽磬Ҳз츲صı仯
ڲϲǿ컯֮⣬ҪǣƷڵȴһöĳ졣
ǬǿߵľѪһֱڣڳƷĽ׶Σһ֮һ嵽Ǭء
漴Ʒͽȳơ
һһչأ֮һǰʶְеĴС񣬶˵Ҳһɹǲ
ŵ
ȳƵ˵ͷЩ飬İ˵Ǽ졣
Ʒչصʱ򣬻϶ڴеһʱ䣬ΪҲڳƷ֮£ﵽ˶龳۷壬ֻһͿԳΪǬ洫ӡ
ֻһҪٺķһЩʱпܴﵽˣҲԶԶˡ
Ҫ֪ԭǴδԼܹгһտǬΪ洫еһԱġ
õƷչ˵ģ֮⣬Ҳֻгˡ
˳ƷָϳԴļӳ֮£ֻһ࣬ž˳龳ӵٶȥ֮ͻƵǬҲֻ˳ˮ۵顣
Ľٶȣȫ¶ɵ÷ǳĽ
ֵ֮󣬳Ʒɴֱӽɽͼռ֮Уʼ˱չء
ɽͼУҩɽУ֮ϳһöͨεĹʵ
Ʒժ̷ȥʱɿֲ˳Ʒ֮еÿһϸС
ֲϯһУ˺ѿ
оԼУÿһϸ˺ѡ
һ˲䣬Ʒת˻ʼϵһ
һö̺֮ҲԶԶ֮ǰùκһö
ҲǳƷΪʲôҪȵڵԭ򣬾ҪһöһͻƵǬء
һڳƷǰǬصҲڳѷ졣
һƷֻǲϵĴԼĻûгԹǬء
ΪֻǾȥûõģҪսһΡ
ûöãƷһֱؿǬصϡ
䣡
ƷоԼԺ֮Уʲôһӳƣ˲оԼڵķԭҪԾʮʮʮ
ַķУ֮е
ͻƣﵽǬ֮󣬳ƷֻоһƬ̹;ԭƣһʧ٣һ
Ʒȫķڲϵʵͬˮһӳ˴ӵһغɨһ赲ǰ谭
֮󣬳Ʒ³һ˫ſ
ͻƵǬأ
Ʒ³һͬһϯ
ֻǸոͻƵǬأ͸оսʮΪûͻƵޣиһĿռ䡣
Ҳζţ֮ǰ׼еðգڻǳɹˣյһս˳ͻƵ컯൱ĵز
ĻֻΪһս޷ͻǬƣûκ塣


1860 Ļʶ˽
ͻ֮󣬳Ʒоÿÿ룬ķڷ
ûƵͻƣͬһƥ쭵սһ·ۣ
һµʱ䣬Ʒֹͣ
ʱ򣬳Ʒսԭǿ˶ʮ
ΪҲһ·ӸոͻƵǬصǬ۷壬һ·ȫµϣֹͣ
ͻƵ磬ս컯֮󣬳Ʒף컯ǬĲ྿ж󣬼ֱһˮƽϡ
Ǭ۷컯ֻһ֮ǲҲʮʮĵز
򰲵ʱҪɱʱ򣬿˵ʤȯգҲûн
Ѱ컯Ҳܹ׵ĺɱǬ۷ĸ֣˵򰲻컯֮еٮٮߡ
û뵽ƷͻȻԽشĻҲͲôǱˡ
ڵ棬˾ͽ֮󣬼ǽҲֻܵͷϴ
ҲѹЩ콾ǬԪͻƵ컯֮󣬼˵ȫˣΪ˶ףһǬԪͻ֮󣬾ԶԶǡ
˵ԭǬԪֻǱǿһߵĻôǬԪͻ֮˲˦ʮ֣˵һȺ˼ǬԪһ˵Ķ֡
ǬԪ컯֮һһ컯ԭûв콾˲Գ˲ࡣ
콾콾֮䣬Ҳв࣬ǿĲ࣬ӴһĿȻ
ڣƷսͻƵ컯˵˷츲صı仯Դˣ˺һϸµıǮ
ĿֱָһǬԪѰ컯һصĸֶڼͻ֮ĳƷĶ֣
Ѿﵽ컯صǬԪƷҲη壬֮󣬼ǬԪҲܶһ
磬֪Ϊɽͼ֮ͻֱ֮ҲݣԼַ֪
ʱ䣬Ҳ˳ƷҪȥʶְ֮ʱ򣬳Ʒأ˸һ͵ĳǳ֮УĴͳǳ֮УĴ󣬿ֱӴ͵Ļʳ
ϾĻʳ̫ˣ֪ƽûЩĻһĻʳʲô飬ȥ
Щ֮󣬲ı߽⣬ڵһʱǲıǰѹ
ǴĻʳĽɽ̩ɽĸԭڡ
Ʒǳ͢Զ󽫾Ȼʹó͢רõĴ󣬷ݡ
Ʒٶ۾ʱѾ˻ʶ֮Уǵһʱ䣬Ʒ͸оһŨϢǻڻʶϷһ̴ֻ̻ƵѹȸС
Ҳ׳Ƶˡ
Ļʳһ͵ľ棬ƶʢĹ鸽˼˵Ũ˻ĵزԽǿĸ֣Խܹо˵ѹ
һ컯ֶûа취ǳƷôĸ֪ѹȸС
ΨгƷΪڣĿѾﵽ˿ɽɽˮˮľ硣
Ŀܹоһ̾ڻʶϿգǱĿ⸩¡
ϽɫƬ̫˸ҫ۵Ĺâһ˽ʮǿʢ
Ҫ֪һ˽һϢϢصĹϵĩڣô˽ҲήҲ޷¡
һڶʢʱڣô˽ǿƼֱ
ڳƷĴĻʳ˽ǵĴκ˽ǧ֮ǿ
޴צץųǽĸ䣬ͷ¸أʱҪڷɶһ㡣
þɳĳƷĵһʱ䣬ɵõһ̶ֳȵ˽ڴĻʳĻʶ֮УѹЩаħҷˡ
컯аħʿֻµһʱͻᱻ˽ֻ֣һ۾ͻᱻشɱ
ֻҪ˽ػʶ⵽Χ빥ơ
еаħᱻ˽Ӱ죬ʵᱻֱѹһ磬ľΪһЩģһѹƺü硣
Ҳֻǵжѣ
ԹĻʳĻʶҲûб˹ݹļ¼аħͷ¼Ҳ˽òļӳ֣ŻЩаħпɳ֮
κγĪˣ
ĻʳͼΣĹ鸽Ȼܱ׶ҡ
ڳƷ۲˽ʱأƷͻȻоһ˽·ע⵽˳ƷĹ۲һ㣬ȻֱתͷĮĿһ۳Ʒ
ʱ˳Ʒһʱоһεѹڶ𣬱
˳Ʒһ֮˽·ʧȥȤֻתͷȥ¡


1861 
ֻһۣƷһֱ׹һĸо
·Ǳһͷ̫޸סһ
Ȼ׼һ֮󣬲ŷһ˽ǿͿ£
˵컯ǳԽ컯ĸֻ֣Ҳһ˽һ֮С
ڳƷйλϱմȾдĻʳϢŲᱻԡ
һЩаħʿֻһ۾ͻᱻĿɱ
ڲٱ˽ͻʶĽ֮󣬳Ʒֻëĸоʧ漴ŷ֣ԼԼ֮Уʶ̫ĸǱˡ
һ˸ܸ֪ǳƷɲһˣȻܹ׾ٵĸ֪УжٿµĸǱС
ڷڸ֪ĻҪ࣬Ҫǿ
ĳ͢ǿиʮʵ϶ҪӴĳ֮͢£Ϊá
ºųµһڣĳֻ͢¶Ҫһ
ƷϴԶ󽫾ӡ緣ܿ죬еȺڴ˵̫ξʿƷĻʳ˴Ļʳĵģʳ֮С
Ϊߵ֮һ̫ξ칫̫ξҲڻʳ֮УĶǸľˣ͸һɱ֮
Ʒܹ֪̫ξżΪµǿߣǿϢҲǿϢС
Ʒ֮󣬺ܿͱ̫ξ֮УܿͿʼ˵һεְ
ͳƷĲͬû̫ѣ̫ξֻǼ򵥵ѯһЩƷڼһЩ飬ѯ˳Ʒڱ̩ǵȵĿ
йһʱ֮УƷϽ˷мһЩֵѯʡ
϶ǳѯʣֻ߸ʽΪĵǰͿʼˣ̫ξһĹ˵ֻ¹ڳƷĸϵѾ㹻кһˡ
ΰߪƷԲֻ̫ξһ仰飬б漰˸ϵоԴĳͥҳ϶ȵĿ˵ȵȡ
˵Щһˣȷ˳Ʒû⣬ŻǰְЩֻһѡ
ְ֮󣬳Ʒͱ֪ı֣ټԶ󹦣˽ԶĹģԭһˣ䵽ˣķҲӱ̩Լ̩Ǹ˷Բǧڵķ󽫾ʵ
һֱ뿪̫ξƷҲûܼ̫ξһ棬Ҳ̫ξִ±ȨνƷļ𻹲رټ
뿪̫ξ֮󣬳Ʒǰ˷ڻʶ֮еפأڻʶһɽˮׯ԰֮Уڻʶ֮⣬Իʶڴҵ˵ֻһռعׯ԰ֵǲ
ڵĵ̿ɼһߣ
ƷΪ洫֮һȻرĴׯ԰֮жռһСԺ
԰ͬʱҲǷڵʶ֮ձŵ㣬ڻʶ֮УҲפأֻǹģһڻʶ֮ŵ㡣
ʵϣڻʶ֮УȻÿһǳ֮жפأ÷ڵĵӿԷš
ֻǹģСһѣ
ƷûмŻر̩ǣҲһ˼䡣
Ÿո齣зڵĵǰһ
գ԰ᣡ
Ʒһһǰμ԰Ҳûʲôʱ̾÷԰еĸϡ
ЩҲǷڸصפƽҪְ֮һ
ܿ죬ĸϾ͵˳Ʒϣܿ죬ƷѾŪ
񣬴ϥĻӺ͹оѾ꣬˻λľҲļҡ
κʱͬǣڴĻʳУǻӻλᣬЩҲͬ⣬ûٹЩҰĲĹλᡣ
ҲΪ⣬֮λ߾֮ĻǴ̼˲ٹλᡣ
ڴϥŮȴδ̫ӣȻǹЩӺ͹չԼѡǿһδ̳дͳ
Ӻ͹˴λᣬ˴Ӿ˴ڷԼ
УмӺ͹ǺߵģоͰ
ǵĵʮŮݸ߹ĸǻʹСֳ˼Ϊڵ츳ӹ֮УΪٮٮߡ
󼴼˴λ֮УڴĻʳ֮ҲͬŴ׷ߺĽߡ


1862 ˼Ϣ
֮
һ֮͹ʱйͬڴĻʳܣǿ壬ʱݡ
ΪˣԣÿһضҪѡһѡһ֮ݾͿܻٸΣ
ΪˣÿһᶼǸӣͨչֵ̨
ЩӣÿһŻõĽԴƽ˿ɼԴ˵ֻǵС
ഫÿһ֮Уĸ֣¡
Щӹͬеٮٮߣټǵ׷ߣͬ˵ȵҲǸ֮ͬеٮٮߡ
˵λᣬǣ¼ź;Ӣ
ڴĻʳ֮УҲֻܱһԭ򣬾ﾺ񣬶ԴѾǵĹ
ʸȥˣ֮ͬеٮٮߣкܶ໹ǴĻʳĸ߲㡣
ľԴܸһλôԴ
Ǵŵ󣬻Ǳ󣬶òλᣬѡһλӸ
ÿһεĻλᣬޱȵļңҲ˴ĻʳسҲǧһĻʳܴǿʢ
е˼
Ʒ΢΢һЦĻʳڲڸӵվҲԣһֻ۱һֻۣͺͷ֮и洫߶Χһ׷һ
˭ʤ˭ӵһǿ֧ߣȨܹ䡣
Ʒȥ֮󻹸һɫֻˣκηӦ
ڳƷɫֻĵһۣ˲΢΢һ𣬵ʱһӷӦ˹
ɫֻ˼ͨѶֻô
ֳſƼеֻҲǴĻʳܹĳġ
Ʒ⣬ԭȥμ԰ᣬѾμ԰һ̽
ԭ˼ϢҲֻҶˮϢǾ˼걻أҪ˹俤ݡ
ڰ˳£ڻҵؾ֮С
ŻҪʶ֮д˼Ϣ֮ǰһֱûжǲʶǸʱֻһͨСѣ˻ʶҲܵõκϢ
ǵĳ㣬󳤹ǵĹùãѡֵ֧λνǰǰº͡
Ȼڵǻ֮˾Ļ󣬵Ӱ˿δ
ƷֻǷ֮еһͨӣŰݷõʸûУԼƷżҲֻܰסеĽ
ڲͬѾǷڵ洫֮һֻ֮£콾콾һݼӳ֣Ѿ㹻óƷʸȥ̽˼Ϣ
ֻȻҪѳƷ֪˼飡
ȻôҪңҾȥˣ
ʱգۼš
ʶ֮⣬һǳͬܲɢڻʶܡ
һ֮Уһ죬һ磬Ѿͷܶ˳ӿ
֪˴Ӹظ֮УֻΪʽ԰Ὺʼ֮ա
԰Ҫʼˣǻʶһ£ÿ궼֪ҪſμӣϵĸĽǰ
ɲǣԽԽ԰ӰҲԽԽˣԭֻһЩ׷߻μӣʶЩݿţֻҪʱ䣬пյĶǰμӣ
ҲȻ飬δΪѡһʵɲ⣬˵ŮҪʤЩأ
֮Уһ¥ڣ۷׷ףȴǹһ԰ġ
Ͼѵõʢ£ǻΪһׯ԰Ժ֮ϣĺôҲֲЩˡ
ǲ֪Ҳ֪ʲôʵ˵ʵ콾콾ֻɵĻңЩҸֵ޴Ӳ𣡡
һ˺öĸ֣ʮżĶкܶ࣬лܹԳأ
ĵ˵˲ôš
ƷڴߣЩڶС
а⣬Ȼٳֻ֣ҲʲôƲ磬ݷߵĵϢСʱͱֳ˾˵츳ǳ֮ⷽ츳ʧ·Ȼһ


1863 ӳƷ
ⶼֻǱ鱨ΪЩȷʵٳ֣ǼǷ鱨֮УҲ̫ͻȻû츳Ȼˡ
ʵϱֵȻ˵ȴڳǰƣⷴӳеĿ¡
ƷҲ֪ǷҪ׾Щ˵ĶԻֻ׾ļƻʧˡ

û˻ıƽӹ˵ǱҪӪĽĳǿ
Щ˵ĻȴҲóƷ֪һ㣬֮ΪʲôûлҸֵⱾҲǷǳֵġ
ţиֽУƫƫʵΪǿĻû콾֮С
ֵģϾڳƷֻʮ֮һڣҲδлôǿ
ռݵ룬Դǵ̣ģټϴ˻ʶǶ֣һഫҪ˵֣ôԡ
ԭͻĬн֮С
ô˵Ҳ޼ɵ޹˼ɣܹǹ˼ɵģ
Ʒ
ˮǺ
ÿһε԰ᣬʮżĶǰһҲ⣬˵ڵĺˣǿ콾ŵʮĸ֣һʵѾ뵽컯أ
ᵽˣ˶ʼɧµһţһ콾ϣУģǼĩ˿ȻǸ߸ϣ߲ʵ
ڵĺ֮⣬̵ŷҲأʵ˵ͺҲǲ£Ҳŵ˵ʮ̫ˣ
һε԰ᣬĿ㣬¾ˣ
ȻʮţҲǿǷڣȻʮ֮УЩ֮⣬ȷʵҲûгһõóֵǿˣ
ɣڷ֮гưԣǻʶ֮ҲŵĵǰУЩ콾ϲãеˣлȴԸϣмĲ̫ˣ
Ǵ̣һܳӣԺɨڣڣҩȣڵһĸ֣Ѷȣ
ʱһ˵֮дż޼ɵ
ʵһֱûʲôҪųʲôʮţЩŵô꣬λͣ
µ겻Ͽڳԣʱ򣬾¥ڣܶ˵ɫͲÿ
ǵķҲܹжϵĳ϶ǱǼŵĵӡ
Щ˶ŵΪȻôǣ˵ɫȻÿĶȥ
ͬΪʮţ˴֮Ҳٲˣ˵ڣȻԺʮ֮еλȦĻôڣڣҩȣڵȻϾʮеλȦ
ǷڣΪڣҩȣţȻžžޣձս˵Żǵ׵ġ
Ϊŵ޷ƫڸֱսȻܶ˲Ըŵĸ֣ȷʵڵס
ͬûôƣƫƫȴǳ֮⣬˿һš
ǿɣ콾ϵҲֻǰʮѡ
ͺˣ
ʮű˴֮ìܲСλȦλȦ֮ìͬҲСλȦĵӸλȦĵӣλȦĵͬޡ
һ˵֮ǰһƷʮѾȫˣò꣬ͻ᳹׵ȥˣʵϣкܶ˵ʵͳֻûѣ
ǻʴʵ
ڳԣƾҲ˵ʦ֣
ʱһ̲סˡ
ǸƲһ°ɫʽ۵֮˵˭
˷
˵
ʲô˷û˵ҲɺͳƷЩͷ˵ôʲôͬô
ǸЦһ˵
˭ᣬбµһϸ£Ƿڵ˷˵
кβңַ壬̸У
վ̫Сˣʩչ죡
䣬ǻѾʧԭء
洫洫ĸ֣
¥֮˶˷Ҫ֪ɲʱضּܹĸֵģ
仹ʮż洫ӣ


1864 Ҷͷ˾
ߣ
˷һߣҲʧԭأһͨʶѾ˫˸߿֮ϡ
ɴӡ
˷һȳֱ֣ĳһֲޱȵķɴӡ
Ǭأ
˷Ÿոճ֣ƷѾжϳ˷ʵ֮ǰδ˷
ڵ洫̫࣬Ҳÿһ˷ʵǺ͵һʵ൱
Ķ棬ַһ˲ֱӳˣһȭ
䣡
һȭɲǼ䣬ضžҵĶһȭһ˲ͽ˷ķɴӡ˸ԴȻݺ䵽˷ϡ
أ
˷һѪ˳ȥ˵˳ȥƶߵķһ㡣
ֻһѣ˷ֱӰ
Ǭأ
˵һڳҲõģȻܹóַΪȻѾǬصĳ̶ȣȻԶԶȲ콾ϵ콾Ѱ洫֮УҲٮٮߡ
ѹ˷˲սˣ
ھǲУ
ַ˵Ŀɨȥ·˷׷׶ͷǺܶڵĵȻ̧ͷŭַ壬ȴҲûһ˸ǰս
һ԰˲ٵǿǰ֮Ҳһ˲ٵĸ֡
˷ַǰֻһоͲҰ˷ʵڷڵ洫֮Ҳˡ
ַ֪ʵѹڳķڵӣûѶȵġ
ַ彵˶ݹ֮󣬽˾¥У֮ǰ˻ڣڳ˵ǲôˡ
ֻó콾ϵ콾֣˭ܹס
ʦ֣겻ʵһˣ
ʱд̵ĵк˵
ַ彻õĸַ׷ǰֻзڵĵӷ߷߲ƽ
ڣڣҩĵȻҲˬҲѾϰˣͲóսҲѾϰˡ
ŵҲ档
Ȼ˷ȥ֮ҾͻǬ۷ͲٻˣַȻĵ˵ͷСɫǲֵһᣬǺ洫ҲеȤ
ַѹҲö˵ʲôȻʮ֮һλȦźλȦļ֮Ĳֱر
ͬ洫ӣλȦŵ洫ҲҪǿֹһߡ
ûʵףô˵ǰĻ
ַ壬ҷڵĵӣҴԲѣǷڣ㣡
ʱ򣬾¥⴫һȵ
Ѱȥȴһ°ɫۣԼĪŶʮ߰ģ̤Ŷݹ˷
Ҷַ嵱ӵʱ΢΢Щ
Կ˷ǲҶ
ҶǷڵĺ洫֮һʵ콾ϵ콾˭ҵġ

Ҷڣưַ塣
Ŀɨ˾¥֮еʱ򣬾ͿڴߣһյĳƷ
ʱͫ΢΢ǵϴβҰڳƷϵ飬ȻѾһǰ飬˵Ŀ
ʱ¶˼ֿЦԭǰǻˣ
һǰ˳ƷϣʵҲ˽ǶԸһǰĳƷҲ㣬˵ڵĳƷˡ
ʱ˵ĿҶĻת˳Ʒϣ˸ֻͷһΪԼ˵ʲôʱʼڴ߾ȻһǱߣһյģ
еزĸ˵Ǹܵ飬ԲһΧ֮ڣͳͳʶֵķΧ
ȻھʶֵķΧ֮УȻһ˾ôö֮Ǳߣ֮ǰȻһ㶼֪
Ȼ˱۾ֻ֮оǴߵǰһ˶ûУһ
ǵȻ۾˿ˣǾֻһֿԣһһµĸ֡
ܹϢ˿Ĳ
ǸҺǵãпĻӰͼΣǸƷôأ˾һ
Ļʱ¥˵ͫ׶˲Ȼһ콾ϵ콾
ҪǣǸղŻ۳Ʒ飬ַ˷֮սǵǰ
ǵƤʱȻомࡣ
˴ʱףΪʲôҶȻԾ·硣
˶һ鱨ᵽҶҰ˳Ʒϣ¾Ҳֻһʱ䣬ɼ¡
ַˣɫ˲ˣǸղ֮жԳƷεϾǻʵ콾콾ƷƾԶ塣


1865 赭дɱ
ֻ콾֣γ㹻
Ȼ˶óƷ콾ϣˮ֣
ôˮƷҲ콾ϵ콾
ѹ־ҶҪͷˣ
ҶĻƷÿɷʵأЩ˵Ȼֲ
νͷҲԣֻǸصСѣ
Ʒ˰֣ѹҲ顣
ַԣʱɫһͨ죬Ʒ̬̬֮ǰѹҲ˷ʱ򣬼ֱһģһ
ʱøûʲô⣬Ȼŷֱ֣ǳ衣
Ʒҿңַһת˳Ʒŭ졣
һˮȻţ
Ȼֻһѣһǰһ콾ƶ˷츲صı仯
˼Ҳ㣡Ʒ˵
̵ĵʱ¶ϲɫǳƷôǵ֪֮ڵĵǶԳƷŭĿӣʱôʾ
˵Ǵ̣
Ʒ䣬ʱһƬ䶯˶û뵽Ʒ֮Ȼתۣ˼ֱЦãڵĵӷӦ֮ѾЦ졣
ղЩ̵ĵӲѹô
ڳƷ֮֮
ݺݵĴЩ̵ĵӡ
Щ̵ĵɫͨ죬ŭա
ƷҴ̣ϵ£˭Ȳ㣬һϣۣ
ַŭգһ£ü̵ĵӷ׷վ˹ųƷķ
ţ֮ϣƣͬ˷֪򲻹ַ壬ȴȻҪһ㡣
ЩһǽŵΪ
Щ̵ĵ֪Ʒ콾ϵĴڣʱȴҲ˲ôࡣ
ЩһǴ̵洫ӣǴǧ֮еٮٮߣȻԼĽ

ЩǬĴ̵˲䱬ƣ֪жôĿ£˵¥ڵּͬʱܵĿʼ۽磬Щ̵洫ӽ¥촷ۡ
ЩһȫͿ׾ٵĽһķ顣
ȭ
ַһȭ֮ǰԸ˷ʱһȭ֮бȭҪһֹ
֮ǰԸ˷ʱ򣬸ûȫһֱڣȫ
ǬصĿʵ˲չɡ
༸̵ĵҲͬʱʩչ˴ȭ
ˣȻǴȭ
˾ȭڴ֮еĵλɴӡڷڵĵλһ޶޼
̾ѧһҲֻ洫ϵļŻõڣ˵Ҳ̵洫ӱѧһѧ
ʱЩ̵洫ͬʱʩչ˴ȭȻγһƣȭ۵һ𣬻һµȭӡųƷ
Щ̵ĵӵŭȻȼǺôǼǵóƷ콾ϵ콾ȻòС¡
룡
ֱӺ·ܹ춼һ޴նĿֲȭƣƷֻЦһȻһָ
أ
һ֮ȴǿֲһƷһָͷ赲
Ʒ΢΢һʱǾ޴ͬĥһȭͷȻڰ֮ձѿջɢ
˶סˣ˭û뵽ƷȻ˼򵥵ľͽֲһȭסˡ
ַҲͬˣֵʵǿ콾ϵ콾ҲҪ֣Դ˭룬ô򵥵һӣͽǵĹ߽⡣
ƷǷӦֱӽеĲ豭һӣʱ豭֮еĲˮΪһˮֱЩ̵ĵӶȥ
أ
أ
أ
Щ̵ĵػ׷һѪ˳ػɳ˾Ƶ꣬ݺݵ䵽˵ϡ
ʱһƬҰЩ̵ĵӷ׷ؿڣҽвѣ˿ǵؿڰȥһƬȻعǱˮҶˡ
һ˲شЩ̵ĵӣʧȥ˻ս
뵽˲ɵõһҪ֪ЩɶǬ洫ӣַǬصĿֲڣ㲻콾ϵ콾Ҳ̫Զˡ
ÿһǹޱȵļӲƳжܱ۶ϡ
ȻƷֻԲˮˮȻܹشмĲʵ̫ˣֱԵ㡣
ǿ̫ǿˣ콾ϸֵʵô
Ŀɿڴ˵
ԭԤеһսûзֻһˮͽս


1866 ӵĳƷ
ûвҵսԭΪ˱¥ٵĽ粢ûκεôƷֻһˮͽַ˸ˡ
֮ӹɣ˵ֱɱ
ʱǶԾƿٲ׵ˣҲܹˣƷʵԶԶַ֮ϣ˵ͲһϵĴڡ
ѵ콾콾ʵôȻ֮󣡡
˴ʱڻȻֻ֮ǰǵĹͲԣԭǿַ˼㲻콾ϵ콾ǳЩѾ컯콾֮⣬Ӧò֮Ŷԡ
ܣҲӦһս֮ܡ
ȻʵȴǺݺһƣʲôս֮ܣ콾ϵ콾ֻһˮͽǻܡ
еĲֱ࣬Ե㣡
µǣչֲֳֿսľȻǱΪˮĳƷⲻζ˿ܸӿô
ڲ콾ĲȻ֮
ĿɿڴĿǰһĻֻԼ۶Ѿ׵׵ıˡ
ΨһûоʲôֵģǱˣҶ
ҶǵõԼβҰڳƷϵģ˵ѾҰ˳Ʒϡ
ǸʱƷֻǸոս콾ѣһҪԶˡ
һʱȥ˳ƷøӿˣַʵһǰԼҲĶȥ
ԳƷʱһˮסֱӱˮش
Ѿֻǻˣֱ裡
ʱЩҵԼûбƷôԵĻܣԭΪʵոмҪսƷһضʧӵ뷨
ʱѾ׵׵ĻΪˣ
һʱ䣬ĽνԼаգһǰʱǿһ
콾ϵǬԪ컯Ǵ̼콾ϵ콾־콾Ҳͬܵ˾޴Ĵ̼
Ǹʶˣȥֻᱻ콾ϵ콾ԽԽԶһʱ֮иͷޡ
ڷڲƳɱ֮£սһԳƷʱȴԵ˵Со˾޴Ĳࡣ
һʱȥͳƷ֮ĲǵûСøˡ
ó֮ϲɵ¶˼ֿЦи𺳣ѵһô
ûͻƵ컯£ƷսȻܹɱɱ·ûмһֱǹ
ͬһѧԺѧһ㣬ѧԿһٷΪֻܿһٷ֣ѧһٷΪֻһٷ֣ƽһʵر
һһǧ֣һ֣˴֮ĲһĿȻ
˴ʱٿƵĳƷǲΪʲôƷһĻȴûв֣ǵֱͺСӹҼһİɣûκβֵ
ַ˳ųƷ֣Ʒֻδػָڡ
뵽ֻомֱΪʵڳƷǰֱֵһᡣ
ЩڵĵǷ׷¶ϲɫ֮ǰַ裬ǸӦԣֻҵҶ档
˭֪ƷȻҲڻʶ֮Уһֱֱشַˣչֳ𾪵ʵ
ʱֻһε԰ѾҵĹǣԭͷҶͻȻֵĳƷ
ʦ֣
Щڵĵһ֮󣬷׷ǰ
ƷɨһۣЩڵĵӻ϶洫Ӽĸ֣ûоӢӺŵӡ
һҲǣƣܹǰ԰ģҲǸ֮е洫ӣӢ֮ǼʢҲעˡ
ϾЩ洫ӣĸǼʢţͬ˸о
ɣ
Ʒ˸֮˵
Щ洫ϻż˷ܵ飬˷м
֮ǰҰַϣַһֵס˭֪ˮתĿ졣
ַ׾ٵıƷһ٣
ʱԳƷм
Ǵʱ˿ڷ֮к绽꣬߸ϵ洫ӣ෴ģͬһͨĵһ޶
ʦҲҪμ԰ôʱһ洫ӿһ۳Ʒ֮󣬿ʵ
룬ǰμ԰ᣡƷĵ˵ͷ
ȻǳʦֵĻʸܵģҵȾͲͬˣҵȶԼǰģ
һ洫ӿ˵
ʱƷŴ˿е֪ȻЩ˶ǰμ԰ᣬǶûʵϣÿһ԰ܹĲֻˣ˶ǰμӣֻҲܾ
ܷõ룬ҲгΪǷһ׼
أ֮ʣһӾ¥⴫
Ʒ


1867 ޷һͷĶ
ʱ¥֮У˵Ŀⶼ˳ƿ˳Ʒ
ţ˵ɨֻڸ߿֮Уһĸߴݿʵٸ߿֮ϣĿ䣬ӸµĿ¥
̣ŷ壡
˲ĵ˵ݣȴǴ̵ĺ洫콾ϵŷ˭ء
ʱ΢΢һ𣬸ղǻΪƷʵ𺳣Ȼŷ콾ϵȴڳƷ֮ء
ҪǣŷʵʵĿ컯һ컯ŷǬĸַֿˡ
¥֮Ǭĸֿνв٣Ȼûдﵽ컯ʦ컯Ҳв٣ǶԴһҲİȻףһͻ컯սʮȼ
컯ĸ˵Ǭĸٶ඼û壬Ǭ֮еٮٮߣǬ۷ĸ֣콾ϵ콾һ޶ȥ˾ǿȥˣûȥûȥ
мĲͬն
ŷĵ˶ַ֣ͬ輰ڣ˷ҶгƷðͷһ
Ʒַ˴ĸһһ˵˴̶Ļ̷û˿ǲ֡
ʱҶɵõŷǰȻ߲ƣԳƷģŷڳƷ֮ϣǳ׵׵Ŀ컯ĸ֣ڵĳƷܹԸ˵ġ
ϾԽӦҲм޵ģ
ķڵҲ¶ɫȻǵ뷨Ҷ޼
ʦ֣ȻȱâҿŷҲδظҳ֣Ͼĵطһ洫Ӳɵÿ˵
ʵڲС˵ӰŷʵԶ֮ϣ˵һֶŷĶ֣˫Ĳͬһ㡣
޷һͷĶѣƷЦЦֻԹԵ衣
أڴʱֻŷѾȵĲͷˣƷȻҪͷڹ꣬ϳǾͱҲˣ
˵ʱʱ죬ŷɲǼѾˣĴ͵һ˳ȥ۳һֻۼɵĴӡӡϣ˸ŷĹâǽ۳ϤķǼΪַ
ʱھ¥֮е̾͸оһɿֲѹѹ
ָоǸоˣԭ籼ڵĽһѪҺƵֹͣ
ֱµ˼£
໥֮жоһ־Ϣ컯Ϣ
Ǭ컯컯Ҳһ츲صı仯ɱһεԾǨ
ƴˣ
һ洫ӴһȻ컯֣ҲǷ֮е洫ӣĸһĶţʱôܸ־ܡ
һ˲䣬ǵϾͶðɫĸַĹâͼԿһֻ֡
Ǹûκ;ǵķ΢һһֶֻֻĿһֱֻʵ죬硣
ʱҶҲǴһȫķ۳ɻͷϣ׼Ӳһ
ŷɱˣҲľʹ־ܡ
ҿǡҪ콾ġôԡ־ܣ
ҶŭǿԼķȻһεĹĥ־ΪĻᡣ
֪ҶڳƷδֵʱܹ洫ӵڶѽΣǵС
ԽķҲԽɲǼĹ򣬾ֱһѪ˳˶˳ȥ
ֲ֮˼飬֪컯ǿŷʵȻԶԶո컯ĸ֡
Ҷͬһ֣ͬǾȻһ¶ס
ҶͼҲ׷һѪ˳
أһ˲ʱ򣬻պȲĳƷ͵һһ֣ʱһֲĽϣ˳ȥԼĪһƴСĽ᳤գֱ͸һֻ֮С
ͣ
һֻ־ͬ˵һ˲ɢӰ١
һ˲䣬˾͸оһѹĿֲϢʧӰ٣ɵһ
ָо̫ˣҲԸڶˣǸоʲô֮дֲ
ʱǲڷӦܹ֮þȣȻΪǿƵĳƷ
ԭɲóƷ˵ǾóƷŷĶ֡
Ȼʵȴݺݴһơ
ԣֻƿһУǿŷˣ

̹Ŵѧ飺ų೤ִˣ
ų೤߸۸ھӼҵСˣ
߿ʧܵĹųȴڿѧǰһ죬յһ¼ȡ֪ͨ飬¼ȡĴѧȻ̹Ŵѧ
İνŮ洣ͬȻʲôأ
ųˣǻë˵ɶ


1868 а
˾һ֮˲ɵ÷׷ſʶȻǿŷϣֱӱնһѿڣѪ졣
˷֣նƵ˿ڻܺܿϣϵٶ൱֮
Ҫ֪컯ֵĻָ㱻ƶǣҪָҲǷַӵ顣
ʱ˲ŷ֣ƺղųƷֵһͬǰ򵥡
ҪǣǷˣƷȻܹ컯ĸɴˣŷղжôĿ¸ղһʲôп¡
ǵصѹ˶оδֻǳֵƾͽشĻֱ롣
ΪˣܹƿǿֲĴ֣ҷ˵ŷĳƷ˵жȻĪ
뵽֮ǰƷ˵ŷɱϣֻʲôƻδɡ
ŷɫ࣬ϲʳѪ̺Ľɾ֮ϵ˿ڲһ˵ٶȻָ
û뵽ͻһͽĹΪУȫû뵽ǣȻƷˡ
ĸ˵ֱܴ衣
ڳƷİһǰͻȻĽ콾֮УһȻ嵽ǰʮԶԶ֮ϡ
ʱ콾콾ȻԶ˵
û˱콾֮ҪǰһҪĴ۶ǲģǸ顣
콾ĸ֣һʳڣͬǵõŵȫ
ǰ˵ʱ콾ϵҲУֻǿ
£ԭҲͲֵһˣ
Ʒִǰһһӳ嵽ʮģǼ޽У
̼ĵʱ˿ʼȫչأһΪԶԶԼĺԽˣֱһ衣
Ŵ콾̿컯ƷҲһǧɣۿò˶þҪ콾ˡ
һ콾УһͷβЦ֪ʲôս콾һӳԽ˴󲿷ֵ콾
Ȼգ໹ǴڵģֻҪ콾һ̶̣ʱھͻᱻ
ҲãƷһҽ֮ǬҲֻǬˣ㶼ڰϣҲһĴ
Ҳ˴̵ĵӻر֮ᲪȻŭĸԭһƷʲôȻҿ̣Ҵ˴̵ĵӣֱ֪
Ҳ£Щ̵ͨ洫ӣǷں洫ӵľΪңڵĺĵӵľй֮
ⱾһˢõֶΣһ콾ϵ˵ļˢٺûˡ
˭֪ǳʦ
ƷĻҪѲˢӣ
Ҳվֻеֶζѣұȣɻ࣬ʲôŷЦƷվ΢Ĺۣ֮ǰǰ֣һķݵ˼¡
ɲǼ䣬µѹٶǵصղ
¥ڵ˶ʱֻоˣƱôס˲һĸоʵ̫ˡ
ΨгƷκӰ죬ֻЦţ̯ƣϣһ۳һڰƴССһСҵת̺ĽԽԽˡ
룡
ƷҪֵʱ
أֻһŮ
λס֣
һһϢɨ˹ŷͷųϢһϢĺɨ֮ʧӰ١
Ʒŷ嶼תͷȥȴ֮УһȵӰ̤һݹʵ죬ֻƬ֮䣬Ѿ˳Ʒǰ
һԼĪʮµŮӣȣóƷע⵽ǣŮӵıȻһڳһ̴װ磬ͬһڳϵıһϢ
컯ĸ֣
ǳƷŷ嶼жϣŮӾ컯ĸ֣ˣҲƿŷˡ
Ǻˣŷ忪ʵɫ࣬ǷŮʵǿԼ֮µĻͳղŸҲִɢԼƣҪˡ
Ϊʮ֮һ̵ĺ洫ӣǺεȽѰ˸
ūµĽ澣Ů΢΢׵
ŷ֣üͷ΢أ·뵽ʲôһԣ㲻ʲôҼ㣬㲻аӰô
ʱŷĻ˵һƬȻ


1869 ɸֹӿ
һը˹һ
ھ¥֮еˣ϶֣ʶ㲩Զ˵Ǻܿаھʲôš
ааħϵ֮аһţа£Ȼֻа֮еһš
ǼţҲҪ컯ĸ֣û컯Ϊûпɵʸ񣬷ַӾͱ̲ˡ
˵аһҹ֮䱻ţаҲ˶ߣ䲻ô鱨֮صĹаڵϡ
аһҹ֮䱻ţŶ¾ڵĵ伮ԴƸͳͳӶһա
ʱ˵Ǻ䶯һʱû֪аΪʲôᱻţֻ֪ƺǵʲôþǰ
аʱҲ䲻дѾˣȴû뵽ûȻĽ澡
뵽ɵõһĪǵаڵ˲Ǳˣ
ĻǾ̫ˣҲζʵԶԶ˵Щų츳ƽӹδֹȴŻ֮£Ҫ˵ûرԭֻСӶš
²⻹̫㤣ô˵Сɣ֮жǸƣ컯ĸֶӦмŶԡ
ԴĻʳҵʵҪһаڵȻ׾ٵ飬ĻҶڻӺ͹ĴλǴӲ֡
Ҳ˵пƾһ֮ͽаϢ𣬷ĻҲ޷ΪʲôаڵȻΪĽˡ
Ҫ֪컯ĸѾǵŵĸˣÿһǿƴʦ￪ɶʸġ
Ǻεȸ߰ĴڣҪ˵һ޵λĽ澣ֶĨȥǺεֶβܹõ
ŷ忴ǰİʱ֮оɲѹŮӾȻ׾ٵƿԼˣǿһƵ컯ĸ֡
ܹ֮ϳӰΪ껹ڴĻʳЧʱʱǰ⣬ǸʱӰй棬ǸʱӰĶ֣ӰĶǴ̵һ̫ϳϡ
ŷ岻ȥһͶѣһ컯ĸȫֵľ
Ȼû뵽ǣͬħһȻΪĽ澡
жʱһӰθ˺ü㼶
ЩĻʳĻҸֲ콾񣬵Ǽ㽾ͬЩ콾ϵ콾Ҳϻ֮пһЩʸ콾ġ
֮иһЩʸ콾ʲôֵġ
˵ĻټϳƷڡ硷ǱϿһЩϣƷʱƶˣǰľаڵŮӰ
ŷһ޶ƷļɵҲʱ˺üΣ
ϾܹЩʦﵱūһʹѾ㹻ˣ
ҳݣӰѾǹȥˣū澳Ĺ˳ܾ͢ǰûаӰֻµĽ澰
һȻ飬˵
·˵Ǳ˵Լһ㡣
˵һ֮󣬰ڵλӣһӣҪڳд֣Შ޹ǣ㣬λʲôԹҪ԰λд۵Ļн֣ɺã
ҲҪ֣ûƷ˹˵Ҫõ˼ϢҪġ
ߣˣҸӣһɾûôõˣҪ˾͹
ŷһĿת˳Ʒٲ⣬ʱȴҲò֣ͣĻֻ¹ֻ澰㹻Բˡ
ǿԭаڵȻĳᳬ׽˦󣬵ҲԺˡ
ŷֵӵļƷɵЦˣ˵ȻôҪҴôܲȫأ
ãȻˣǵһ԰ҿôŷһȻŰֵǣ
˵ţŷξͻһ⣬ֱʧ֮С
ȻɸѾ⣬ū澾ˣңϣ׼ʱϯʱ֮ʼ԰ᣡ
Ʒ˵ͷ԰ỹҪʱŻῪʼȻҲôпշڽǣݱɳƷŷĴս
ǿ콾콾֮սѵһĳ
Щͬһ⣬ʧʡ


1870 Ⱥ۱
Ʒ¶ݹ⣬ص˾¥֮С
ʱ¥֮иҵĵٿƷĿ⣬Ѿ֮ǰͬȻûȻƷһ˵ŷȴǲɵùĿ࿴
Ͼŷǿ컯żһԽȥսǳʮ
˵ŷ˿ѾǼޣǲ˼ˡ
˿Ԥڵǣڽ԰֮УȻ˫һսɱ⣬һ˽뿪пܱ⡣
ܹеֵزĸ֣ٶҪģܾ뿪
ûʱ䣬Ʒŷ弴һսϢʹ˿ڻʶ֮У콾񼶱ĴսȴҲǷǳټġ
һʱ䣬СΧϿվѾӰ˶Ǵӻʶ֮мҴҵĸҪ֤һս
ʱܿȥʱ֮УȴӿԶ֮ǰģĸ֣֮ǰҪһϣ϶Ǹҵ洫Ӽĸ֡
洫Ӽĸ֣԰ʸûС
һ԰Ҳڿʼ
һݹ⻮ƳգʸμӵĸǷ׷̤Ŷݹ
ׯ԰СⲻԶռعɫˣɽˮһԴģ
԰ׯ԰һƬյϾУȺղͬţֳͬ˲ͬȺ壬ٲȻһСģ
ĻʳʮΪףȴԶԶֹʮƴ۸ӣֻǶŽԳ͢Ϊ׵֮°ˡ
Ʒʱ򣬰Щڵ洫ӣһЩڽõŵĵӾͶ£˹ȻҲʮ֮ࡣ
ʵΪ𣬳Ʒ֮Ψһһλ콾֮ˣλҶ޷ģȻȻĳΪ˵䡣
㲻׷ߣʱҲ££˵ҶѾϨ˺ͳƷ뷨ѾʶԼͳƷĲǵûСһļӴ
һʱ䣬Ʒû䣬˵ĻȴԼҪˡ
Ҷ컯սٶȷ츲صı仯Ѿﵽһּ޵ѺͳƷ࿹⡣
ʮŵҲǸиԵӪЩ֮УΪӴ
һʽԴŷΪ׵Ĵ̼ѵˡ
̵ŷңңԵһȺˣһΪףһ׷ֶ
ΧҲۼ˺һ꣬Ψһ䡣
ڣƣ
˵ҲǺ֮һε԰֮Уһ콾ϵ콾Ȼ㿿ǰ֮ܿܿУܹ콾ľѾǧһľ
һҪ۳е֣ʵڴĻʳһ֮УѾٮٮеٮٮˡ
ʮȻ콾񼶱ĸ֣ǱϾδԳƷƣŷΪס
Ʒ֮󣬺ƶɵÿһ۳ƷҲֻɨһ۶ѣδ̫ϣ뷨ŷһ޶һ߾ǲԽһߣپΡ
εĲͬעܺᲢۡ
ȳƷһߵʱǵΪֲ֪εȵزˣƻһֱȥֱ˭ʱ
ȫ˵Ŀⶼ˵ϣŷĿĿųƷ·ڿһһ㣬֮дż顣
أڴʱ֪˭һ

Ŀ׷׿ȥȴׯ԰һԼĪŶʮ£ȣپ£ʤѩŮӴ

Ʒüͷ΢΢һŮӦþˡ
һۣӺݻһֳûеĹм
ܹùˣȴƷУͷֱͬһɫĳһ
ⲻɵóƷжԳԾҪ֪һֻδ˲ſԻγɽɫ
ڹʱйŴһｵͳͳ޷֮⡣
ڴĻʳ֮ȴֲͬĻʳĹ˰ٱйŴĻʳӹ֮Уγ˽ĲֹһЩֱָȺ֮սֻ֮λ˵˲ŻɱΪ
νӣ
ȻֻǼѣȴѾʮ־ˣѹƾ죬ܹ࿹⣬ⱾѾ˵ǵе
˷׷׼
֮˵ǰ˵λӢۺܣμӱ԰ᣬׯ԰ԣ


1871 ˭ͷ
ҲᣬʶһҴĵӢܣ
ЦЦЦȻůڳŶɵ÷׷ײĿ
в˵֮ҲаĽ飬Ҫ֪ĻʳΪڶİĽߡ
ǳΨһһԲǬ۷Ϊܹ콾ϵһ鴫˳ƷԴ֮в֮⡣
ͬʱƷоĿͬһ㣬ֱ˹ֱƳƷ
ƷȥĿˣһǸղδֵŷ壬һȻڵĺơ
Ʒʱˣ֮⣬ŷҲãǺҲãΪ콾ϵĸ֣ǺεȽĻʳǱĿĴڣھȻμ԰ᡣ
ĳ˵Ǳһ̶ȵվӵ뷨Ҳһˡ
ԭֻ¶ĽϾδĻʳһȽϿ๫ָĿԺС϶๫Լ
Ͼǿ˴Ļʳ̶ֳȣѾҪȹԼͳΣֻҪĻʳԼѾ̫ܹҡĻʳͳΡ
ʣĹУеٮٮߣҲܻӭ͹עĹ֮һ֪ڼŵ콾ǶԽΪĿ꣬ӱ˴Ϊǿľ֡
ԳƷĿ佱˲˸овǽƷ˾֣Ӳŷ壬ǺƶԳƷĿҲżֲ
ƷνĿֱֱĿӣһ֮ԻӦǰҲҪ֪˼䡣
֪˼걻Ϊ俤ھȴҪߵ֪
¿ˣƷ˵ͷ˵
ٿ佱Ʒ֮Ҳͽתŷͺ˵ϣڳ˶̸Цһ崺ĸо·ÿ˶һ
ƷòпѹôƣŮ֮ӮúͼŵĻӲµȷʵһܹġ
԰ĺȻҲɡ
ҵ֮󣬱һ԰ݣҲʼԾԾԣǱ۵ˣͨսӡ֤Լѧ
ȻǶǸ֮һٮٮߣ洫Ӽĸ֣ǵǾԼڵ֮С
ǳƷͻȻ콾񣬲п£Ϊ֪
Ҫ£ȻľĻᣬƵĳչʾԼʵ
Ҳ֮£ԽȻҲԽܵźͳ͢ӣδǰ;Ҳǲ
Ǵ֮ͬǧɣȡֻ֮ˣҲᳫνĺ͹ͬ
ֻչֳԼ츳пܻŵĴ֮·ٲ˸Դļӳ֣⿿Լһ˿ôȵŵȫ
ٰ԰£Щǣѡ֮ΪԼ׷ߣЩֺγҪ˻һսء
Ϊһļϵ뷨ܹÿ԰ԽԽӰӡ
һ԰۵ʽʼʱ˶û뵽һ˾Ȼŷ塣
Ʒղδ֮սڿɸ³һսŷĿųƷ˵
ԭԾԾԵŶɵˣ׷׿ŷ壬ֻ͸¶һϢ񾭲⻹ô档
ճɣһʼϳΪϲһˣΪש֮ãҲףȵЩĸֳֻ֣¾ûǵĻˡ
ŷӵĶ̨һֱ˶۵֮ŻѹŷǵݣͬʱҲһֵĻᡣ
ڿɺãŷһҪֱӳ֣һȲӣŷʵ֮˭Ȥǽ֣ͲһϵĴڡ
ʱЩ˿ŷ֮ޱȵֱƵ
һ˼ģǶ֮ǰƷŷھ¥ϵĳͻĽ澰ͻȻִˣֻµʱѾˡ
ֻҲû뵽ŷȻȲȻһ̶Ըȴˡ
˵Ŀ˳ƷľȨڳƷϣ԰ϣƷǲԸ⼴ŷҲܱ֡
кβңȻͷǾһˣƷ䵭˵


1872 һȭ
콾֮ս
˶û뵽ⱾӦѹ֮սսͻȻһǰˣ
Щжʮͷڶ
ûôƻصģ
񾭲ǲҪӵİ
˳Ʒŷ֮ս˭ʤ˭һʵĴսֻ֮Ҳû˼ȥעЩͨ˵սˡ
Ҳڳ˵Ҳһţܹڸ֮гΪ洫ӣĸ򵥵
Ҳ콾Щȣվž޴Ĳࡣ
Ҳ޻˵ŷ壬ǳƷǵģ˱󸹷ĳƷʵϣһǰѾԾԵʵ֤ˣѰǬ۷Ķ֡
ããã
ŷЦһӷ˰֮Уڰ֮УһſĽ磬γһƬС͵ĸռ䣬ר԰ЩŸֽõġ
ŷ˸߿֮кЩԭСУ޷μ԰ĸ̽ӺѶĸҲڿԿһսˡ
ҲЩ⣬ΪʲôһսȻŷսŷĶֻ˭
Ʒ
Ǻƣ
ܿ죬ǵɻͽ⿪ˣȴƷһһ˰С
ƷҲ˽֮ŷһһϢѿ·һѣҪɱһͷһ㡣
ղһûκγƷƷˣҲˣƷʵǷͬѰǳܹᲢ۵ġ
һΣŷ۷壬ֲϢ֮УȻܲǽĿܹݣȻоʮֵ𺳣νǴĿġ
䣡
ȴŷһţȻΪ֮ҺſĽ赲סĻضҪѿһ
컯컯
֪ĸһ˵˼ЩŲǵһμ컯ģ֮ͬ˿컯ȴǵһο
Ͼ֮ͬп컯ҲôһЩˣЩƽʱҲ֣ˣҲܽǵʵƳ
ϸ˵Ƕͷһοֳ棡
ȫȫȻǾҲֻǲһ֮ңˣ֮УҲֻкһʸС
ͬţ洫ӣ˴֮ĲҲͬԶ׼ġ
콾ϵˣȷԿ컯洫ȴһֻٲ˿Կ뵽컯ġ
˶ԿΧһۿɼٶȳ۶ȥֱӿȭͷ֮С
̫ˣŷʵȷʵѾǬ۷ܹᲢ۵ģ
ŷʵղŷ屻Ʒشֻ¶ģֻѣ
컯ʵվѹǬģ
Ǻܿͷ˲ԣΪǷֳƷֻĮĿŷ壬ƺŷ彫ʵһ
ƷֻĮվ֮䣬ͬһħһ㣬ͬɢһļµϢͬŷĴ󶯾ֻǾģʮ־ˡ
ƷղҵĹҵ֣ΪǾҵ۷սǾʹشˣ
ŷЦ͵һȭ
ȭ
һȭһ˲䣬񷶼ˣֲӵƬʣһ˲䣬ضžҵĻζ
һɿµȭѹ˹Ž磬Ȼоһ̩ɽѹֱ֮ѹ˹
컯Ϣֱ͸˽磬˸о˾޴ѹ
ȭŷϣǷӵ˼£ﵽ˴Բĳ̶ȡ
˶Ϊ֮Ŀֱ࣬ǿ˿µĵز
ŷΪδߵ۷壬̽λҲлϣҲһ̫ϴϵλá
ʱ򣬳Ʒڶˣָȭһɿµȭ͸¶˳µȭֱӺɨ˳
Ѫӿһ㣬һȭȭֱӹᴩ˳ա
죡
죡
죡
Ʒһȭ̫ˣֱӺ˴ȭ
¡
˿Ʒһȭֱӻһ⣬ֱӺ䵽˴ȭȭ֮ϣȭȭ˺ѿȻֱӺŷȭͷ
أ
ŷȭͷֱӺ䵽һ֮ϣȴֻŷһҽУֱһӾ͸ֱ̱ӱһֱ۶۶ˡ
ײеһĻñ˿û
ʱһƬһļžܹ˸Բͬĺ˶סһ㣬ĶǰһĻ
⡭ôܣ
˵


1873 һд㣬֪ǵĲ
˶ɵˣ־ȻѾ׵׳ǵԤϡ
Ƿģôǻܹ⣬ϾŷѾ컯ƷֻǬѡ
ֻǲͬľ磬սѾرŶԣ
ȻʵȴʵǳƷȻһȭֱӽŷһֱ۸ˡ
ȫȫ֮ǰԤϵĳ棬Ҳ˸סˡ
ʱٿƷޱĵĮģܵһʼֻ³ƷͲͬǰ㣬ǿװ򶨣ʵ
һȭһʼϵĺƣʱҲȻ΢΢Ϊ֮һ䡣
ӹӣ㿴֮˭ʤ˭أʵ
ڣδжϣֻ˵ƷҿţӦвǬҲֻǬѣֻҪ컯վŷʵԲֻˣ
룬ǾжϣϾôӦŷʤŶԣƷʤĸʵ̫СˣҲѾһߣ̫һ֮Ĳֱ࣬һĲࡣ
ӹӼȻŹôģȻˣҾѹƷʤˣ
΢΢һ£ĻȴҲú֮âƷĿм֮ɫ
ƷҲǵһʱ͸ܵ˺ͬһĿ⣬ҲֻЦѡ
漴Ŀ䵽ŷϣҲ棬ŷ岻ͬ컯콾һȭ콾ϵǻδ컯Щ콾ֻһȭԽǴ˴
óڶУܽǻ
ھȻֻǴŷһֱۣⲻɵ档
Ʒ뷨֪»Ȼ󲨣Ҫ֪콾ΣѾ컯Ŀֲڡ
Ʒһȭһֱ۴˾Ȼ˲⣬Ҫô
˵ˣֻͷĶѣ
ƷһЦ˵
ŷĿͬޱųƷֱ۷һҵžֱ۾ȻѾָˮƽ
Ϣ΢΢Щȣղһȭǵûгɹ³Ʒˣ˵ֱܴ裬һǬѣȻ˵컯ĸ֣Ц
ȭ
ŷΧ˹۵ֱϣ͵һһȭɲǼ䣬Ȼγһ޴ӰӰͬһսһɨƬս޵С
ǣȭ⾳ֻڽȭ˼֮󣬲һ⾳
еϾϳһ޴ޱȵӰʲôǴȭ⾳
ֻнȭ˼£˵ߵ⾳֮󣬲пʵ֮ݻһӰ
һӰǱģǴ˵еĴҲǴ̵ĿߣĻʳĿ̫ս˷ƽķң˴̵ĻҵҲ˵Ǵ̵ʦ
Ǹľ޵Уսϲ֪˶ǿУڴĻʳ֮ȻĴ˵
ڴȭԽݻĴҲԽʵŷ岻ֻǳݻ˴ˣͣ˵Ǻ
ż
ȭмûκμޣ˵ûܹеմľ磬Ҳޡ
ԽˣʩչĴȭҲԽǿֲ
һµһӳųƷѹҪƷɱ
ŷѹ׵ľѧݻ˴֮ʩչĴȭȻֱһ
ڸֹ֮У֮ǧοֱһ
ŷ¶˼飬һУԽش˲佫ܡ
ƶɵΪ֮ɫ䣬һòĹ
ڻΪӮôƵ
ţƷӮģʮֵ˵
أʱֱӴ˴Ӱŷ壬ƷֻЦһҲֱ˵һУֱӴ㣬֪ҵĲ࣡
Ʒˣֱ˳ȥͬһͷͻɽһ㣬ץһ
âֱӺ᳤գȻֱɨϰɳŽâգȻվͽǴӰն롣
Žâ˺ȭ֮󣬾ֱ䵽ŷϡ
أ
ŷ屻һնУһٶ̫ˣ쵽ӦĻᶼûУֱӾͱնС
ֻһѪ˲ͬߵķһء
ֱܣ


1874 ˺Ȼս
һٶ̫ˣ쵽˶ûзӦĵز
ֻһѣ֮ǰޱȵŷҰˣһֱŷѪҰܣ˲ڷӦ˹
һֲ֮˹
˲ĵһͫ΢΢
ǺƣһĻʱҲɵɫ΢΢һ䣬Ҳû֮ǰƶӡ
ԭѹûнƷһ컯ûпȥ˶ѡ
Ȼ콾ϣ콾ǰͺ棬ȫ£³Ʒ콾ЩǬĵһǶ컯ĸ˵ûκ塣
˭룬Ʒһֱ֣Ӿشŷ壡
һС
漴侲ŷˣƷ׾ˣȻ֪ƾʲôֶΣǬ컯Ȼܳ־ã
̾жϣΨˣܹΪʲôŷڳƷϲҰܣҲΨɣܹ߼˵ͨ
뵽ʱϾʵŷ֮ϣô³Ʒ
ֻǸղųƷɴĻŷ壬һ˲˷ˣϾս콾Ͼͻعˡ
Ʒܹô׵Ļŷ壬ǲζţƷԺ콾ǰǼᲢô
ǵģ뵽ЩǰҲֻùˣ
ͬ콾ϣЩȣҲֻùǣڵ֮вûи֣ܵǶбǿĴڡ
ָооϢͬһһ㣡
ƥеĸо
ĹȣƷ㲻ʲôˣ
еĲ˶ѾƷסˣ˶һǲǶԳƷʵʲôĸо
֮ǰƷչֳʵ˶һɻôܣ
콾֮սȻô򵥣ͬһϵĴڡ
ƺһʼŷƷֵĹ֮жѹûռκƣֻ˹ִľŷǲСĵģŻᱻƷ֡
һСľֱˣǴʱŷҲҲˣΪȻʵƷŷ壬۽绹ǴڵģȻ׵ĳ̶ֳȣ֮˵ڸЦˡ
ƾͿԻܱԼǿˣǲǸЦô
컯Ǭ֮Ĳ࣬ǾѾǹƾͿԽ͵˵ġ
Ϊöѣǲǽ˵̶ڵĦĦô
ǳƷĵô
һǰһ漣Ȼڼ˶ΪĹ⻷ȥֻһͨŵʱٶǿƵĸˣŲ裡
̫ǿˣŷʵôǿǽȴĶ֣
۷׷ףһӱƷŵˣǺܿ˺ƵĻɵϸ룬ҲúƵĻǳе
Ӧŷ̫Сˣ
һԵһ˫ųƷ֮˸˼ĹâҲ֪Щʲô
ۣ
ŷǿ³һѪоԼöˣȻûа취عǳ׶ѵˣֻǿץһöõĵҩ̷ȥȫµڵõת
֪ԼѾʧˣղһֱӽشֻ˱״̬ҪͳƷһսҲǸܵ顣
Ŀֲ֮˼飬ΪʲôƷܹǿز
Ʒ˫ֱһΧתȻɢź˵ķâʱַ·صģûһ
ʱ˶ƷͻȻǱӵʵֻصĺܺöѡ
ΪŷûƷʵƳ
˵ֱܴ裬֮ǰȻôСĵİܸ˳Ʒڴ֮ǰƷֵʵǿҲǬ۷壬һԽǬ۷壬һ飬Ȼ˳Ʒĵ
أƷתͷ˺ƣ˵ƣӸղſʼͶҲƣȻˣһ˶Σ
ƷĻʱٶһȻ󲨣ͬɽХһ㡣
ոջŷĳƷȻƷսѵѾôаô
뵽ѵ֮ǰŷֶβʱԵֶΣԼô
ʱѾû˸˵Ʒǿˣ׾ٵĻŷĳƷȷʵʸ
һļһ
Ц˵ʱʱ죬ͬһֻһεض𣬾ֱ˳Ʒǰ


1875 ʲô
Ʒǰ˫ĶųƷǻŷ壬ΪͿ࿹ô
ûԲ֪ˣƷźƵ
Цһķֱӷħһ㣬Ȼֱȼֳױȵͬһɫ̫һȼ̫һĻ档
Ŀ࣬²ƿǬһ㡣
ƸոչֳʵͱŷʵҪǿŷҪǿϲ٣ȻҲܻŷ֮ϡ
Ʒ֣˵ŷֻǸոտ뵽컯ĻôѾҪӽ컯һ۷壬̶һʱ֮ڣΪ֮ĽչǾס
ܹƵĵطҲλ۷֮һδǰ;ֱ
֮ȣƷƺƽ̫ˣеķ֮Уֻһת
Ǿ˸ղųƷŷ飬ﻹ˸СƷ
ڵŷһһ鸴ӵĿŷڸ߿֮ϵˣԭΪһε԰ΪĿĽ㣬ܵõΪ
ǸʱŻ緢Ϊмǣܹϻҵһ󴬣ԶڵԴǸʱ򣬳Ϊ̵ϯҲûпܵġ
ǸΪ̵ף
˭֪սŸոտʼ԰ҲŸոտʼˣûлչԼʵ˵档
ֻ޾ĳ裡
˶ǱΪľ֮ˣͲһܾˣ
ǶԺ³ĳƷǺ޵ģŭɶ
˼ʱ˶Ϣ񣬿һĿս
ղ콾֮ս̫ĪˣŷûлʩչԼͨѧĪľսˡ

һХͲסˣȴķ˼£޾ķ˿һ˲ֱӵվͻһɰķϯ˿
ֱγһ𿴲ݵĸֵӰһֵϣܹоһ˵Ϣ
һĸо
ڣ
ڵɵּܹ֮ˣ֮еţ޵Уڲ֮ء
͵һһֳֻųƷץ˹һ޾˵Ϣֱӵץ˹һֻ̺֮Żޱȵķ൱ʮǬ۷ĸȫʱĿֲһӸ
˲˳Ʒһ޿ӣ޿ɱܵĿֲо
·һ˲䣬һ˶˵Ŀֲо
Ȼڵĸ֣ȫȫڵս࣡
˾˵Ȼÿ˶ͺƽֹǲûкڵĸֹֽ
ڵ֮·˶ƿϣָͬɽӶ޷ӿ
˻һµ˵µһţʵȻǸ֮е̳
λȦ֮еλȦ
һ˵߳ĵӣ붼ԶԿͬʮżĵӡ
ʮųĵӣǾ͸ܶĵʲôвˣǵǰûκ塣
ٶͬĸֶܽǻܣǵȺŹ޵С
ڵĸԳ˻̻ܺ춷ô
Ȼܣ
ž͸޷ڵĸ֣
ƷѾ͸ˣǰҵ£
Į֮ɱ⣬ޱȡ
ʲôƨˣұʿбУ춼ƿزҵˣʲô
ѹȸУƷмһˣֻЦɲǼ䣬ÿһë֮ж³γ߰ȫȫ֮۶ɵĳ
ÿһѳ϶˸ĹâϯһкɨһǿС
ݣ
һɲǼѾϯ˿ֱӺɨ˳գֱӳһִֻ˳ȥ
¡
Ʒһֱӽһָֻ˸Դ˵ǰһֲֻĴ֣Ȼձ˿һһ˵ǰ顣
ɲǼ䣬ǸղŻѹˣ˸о˱ƿصĿ´ֱӻһɿµ˳˷ɢ˿
׽ڵľѧѹ˿ʲôã׽۷ʱ򣬻Ǳڻܡ
֮˸žâһ


1876 ܺ
Ƶһξܣ׽Զ򣬺ǱӴܻȫûʧء
ɽŶ׽еķĴ˶ڴĻʳ֮бץסʳ˴׽İ취
νޱȣ
ֻǵ׽ھԶʲôû֪ǽҿ׽֮жδ֮ա
ԭ꽫׽ڻܵǱģǺڵڡ
׽ڵƣȻڴǱӣȫû֪ھжôǿˡ
˼ΪݵĳƷǵõ׽ڵĴУϾƷҲʩչ׽ڵھѧ߽
ʵ˵Ĳ²⣬Ʒ϶׽ֱӵĹϵ㲻ֱӵĴҲˡ
ƷðͷĻ»ᱻܶ˶ϣ׽ѾƣΪ˴Ļʳݣ׽֮еĴҲͱĻʳĳ͢һգѾûʲôֵˡ
һЩ׽ڵĴУҲʲôЩǿߣĸûһûĴУⱾʲô
ΪڵĴˣƶԳƷȻžԵơ
ӵ׽ڴеĳƷ˿ôĲһȴʲôһ°ܽˡ
˵Ҳ׽ĴˣǣΣƷЦһ
ʱѾ̲סٶȳ֣Ҳʲô࣬˫һſƶȻһſıһӱһֲķЩγһȦһȦĹȦЩȦֱͬһһ㣬ųƷѹ˹
ң
ƳХһһӱ˿·¶ƿ֮һ㣬ͬһħ
ǿֲĿ磬Ʒ·졣
ܹҵϣң
ᣬ͵һӣڳˣͻȻһӣһŽɫͼһʩչɲǼ䣬Ļ˳Ȼʶȼˡ
Ȼһ죬һ춼óˣһս־ڱصãƷɣ
ǴУϹһΪһڵĳһڱ𣬴Ҳ̲һǳһЩֱضƵķһһһ÷ԲǧﻯΪһƬأ
һֻдﵽ컯ʸƣƲŸոտ컯ûжʱ䣬ʱȥѼֲϣһʼ׼õģ
һӣ˶ŷʵһʵ̫ˣȻԴڣһڱ֮һѾڵı־
һ˵ŷ嶼ɵͫףû뵽ƾȻӵĵơ
ƵʵѾǿˣڸƳֻ컯ϵĸֲܹƳɵһ죬սһࡣ
Ǹ߰Ҳóϣӵһ֮ĺʵԼ֮ϵġ
ԭǽƵǿľ֣ڷ˾ֱԼҪǿĶ࣬鲻ɵ
һɻͬĻһ㳯ųƷϯ˹ȥ¶˼ĮЦݣֻ棬ͬΪ컯ĸֶûа취Ӳֻѡܡ
ôСĿռ֮УܹóƷܵĿռͲ󣬿˵һס˳Ʒ޿ɶ㡣
û뵽ǣƷѹûжܵ˼ֱӽݵ˼ޣһ³һͬγϯ֮ƺɨ˳ȥ
¡
޾ͻײһ໥ڣ໥ɣγ˹ģֲıը
û뵽ǣʩչһ֮󣬺ȻռϷ硣
Ʒ֮б޾֮һӺɨһУƿĻ档
ʱ򣬳Ʒ͵ΰεضͬһͷһ˳ȥ˫˺ѿĽ⣬ȻĻץȻ͵һ
ֻһ޴ޱȵĺһһȻձƷ˺ѳ롣
ۣ
һѪ˲䱻ش˲䵹˳ȥػ
Ȫ̤
Ʒû˿Ĵ˼ֱһż̤ȥ͵һ˲ͼ̤˺Ƶϡ
أ
Ƶδݺײ˵ϣֱӽһ޴ޱȵѷ졣
ۣ
³˺üѪ˲ϵͼȴƷһٶȼ̤
䣡
涼ڲ˲䣬ƾͱشֱ˹ȥ
ƲҰܣ
ֳһƬһļž


1877 ޵еķɣЩ
ưܵٶ̫ˣ
쵽ûзӦĵز
Ʒٶͻ֮˸һͻƣ컯֮УƷٶȶǼ죬˵ЩǬˡ
ǼƷĳֻ֣ܿӰ֮˫Ѿֳʤˡ
˾˵ٶֱˣ
ãÿٶȣ
Ҳ֪˵ǳƷٶ̫죬ǳƷ˺Ƶٶ̫ˡ
쵽ǶûüӦʱ򣬾Ѿˡ
ȫһƬһļžţȫֻʣ˷׷׵һ
ǵڻ޷ţǿʲô
콾ǰеĺƣ׾ٵľͱƷˣ֮ǰȫͬ
ԭǵ֮У֮лδͻƵ컯ĳƷǸ˭֪ƷϻǸ
׶ٵĻŷ֮׶ٵĻ˺ơ
ʱڵЩ洫ӲˣͷβƷ鶼ǳĵƺںŷͺƵӡ
ֻ֮ǰ˶̫ųƷʵԶԸţȻǲŷ֮ǰԼڳƷĴǶôĴͿЦˡ
ƷʵʵӵʵȻʮֵõ˵ļл
ʱи˷Ӧ˹˵Ʒֻһս֮ˣô˵ǵʵڲ֮䣬ƷʵҪǿһЩѡ
ȻʵȴǣƷ׾ٵĻҲζţƷʵԶԶˡ
뵽֮ǰƷһǰʮ
Ȼǰʮǿǵ콾˸ɸĶţԴĻʳ˵ǰʮѾǱƽ˴Ļʳһǰʮˡ
ⲢĸŵǰʮĻʳǰʮվ۷壬Ǻεȵǿ
ֻһʱ֮УƷϵ£ɣƷǲǾһˮ̿컯ܿͻ콾
ڳƷúݺһƸˣְְֻ֣үԶү
ôôǿŷͫ΢΢ĳ˵
˵սܻ˵ǱƷһֲĻôںս֮Ȼ˳ƷˣȻǰ˳Ʒϡ
֪ƷܹԼǽңȷʵʵʵԼ׼ֻҲ򲻹Ʒ
Ⱥ֣û̽ƷĵʲôطǵȻֻܹƷ׵Ŀֲ
ܹоղųƷ̸֣ϳȫֻ˵һֵǾѾˡ
ȫ֣жôĿ£
뵽콾ǰǼۼ˽֣оļ²ѣͬ콾񣬵Ǳ˴˵Ĳʵ̫ˡ
ȻӳƷϸܵ˷·ЩϢ޵еϢ
һ֮УȻʱǬԪΪףȴ֪ǲʱѣ˶δߵ۷壬δսµһҲЩ֮еδµĶֱؽЩеһ
ٹһЩ꣬µĴսʱ
漴ɵҡҡͷôܣһδ컯ļһôЩֲĹһء
Ҷ˵Щûʲô۳Ʒûȫһȭѣûʲôֱ
뵽ƣԼĽƷһȭ飬ļһҰܵǰֵһᡣ
һߣƷ֮˸Źâ·һ䱦һԼû뵽ƷȻܹĹâ
ѷɫ콾ǰеЩ
ˣҲôˣ૵漴һ䣬¶˼ֺÿЦݣ˵һʵĴսλչֳ˾˵ҵգԶչҴĻʳһϷɣĻʳΪλӢܣŻԽԽãˣλȥϢ˳һöŻ¶λˣ
˶ʱͬըһղſ˵֮лżֿ̾ʹ˼Ľˡ
Ż¶óһֱʰҪ֪Ż¶򣬲ɼƶɵĵҩЧܹΪ
Ż¶ҲǾδ˵Ϊò˶þҪͻˣ̫Ľˣ
žŻ¶ĴǿǴʥҩ


1878 ɻǵδ˼ꣿ
ľŻ¶һ˲͸ǹ˳Ʒķͷ־Ż¶Ϲŵ䷽Ҳ֪ôĺշת˴ĻҵУʹ͸
ƾһ䷽óһЩŻ¶֪˻ɵãϸ
ƽʱҲֻʹ͸һЩõ콾ͳ͵Ҳ£ĵֶ֮һ
һ㣬˲ǲʵϣڳĸ˽ܣվ֮۵
Ȼ˼ⲢᣬϾûа׳ԵͣҪõʲôȻҪӦĴۡ
ǵȻףԾŻ¶Ҳһ㶼ĶǴ˵еʥҩ˾Ż¶ھǶһڹؼʱܹģһܹΪ
Щ콾Ｔ֪£ĵֶΣȴҲûа취ܾһ£
Ȼԭ߷߲ƽŷͺƣʱɫÿ˺ܶ࣬Ҳ֪Ż¶Ĵ
أһӰ˳УһȴǸĽ澰˭ء
ֻǴʱ˶Ѿ֪ݣǿаڵʱȻС
ȴֳĴƿƿ֮װŵöŻ¶
лŷͺƹֵл֮󣬸Ҳ˲ô࣬æһöŻ¶˳ʱȫһƬ֮Уһöҩˡ
˫˫¾Ż¶֮󣬶ʱ˵ɫתۿɼٶϵƵõ˻⡣
ŷ壬ƾ;ƣٷ˾Ż¶֮Ѿָ۷ʱڵİ˳ңѾްˣʣµҲò˶þָܹ
ʱҲû֮ǰĲ෴Ŀ֮аĽ֮ɫء
һߵĺƵٶȱҪһЩҲܹܿվˣݺݵĿһ۳ƷʱڻعԼȻսˣǰ֮ǰĳƷϡ
ֻܴ裬Ҳֻ㿴ˣǰ֣ʲôЦʱɵҲˣƷʵԶ֮ϡ
Ȼ컯ʵ͵ͬնǺͳƷĲǵûԽԽˡ
ƷǸںƵֻЦѣʵ϶˵ĿҲֻһǬԪȻǰȴ
ҲչԼʵȻĿӣͬҲڵӡ
ȻѾǺĵӣ۱ӵĳ̶ȺɸûпɱԣܹõԴҲһϡ
Ҫչֳǿʵǿ츳ܹ÷ڽԴעϣҲܹԸٶȸǬԪ
Զ˵֪ɷһ˵ųƷ˵
Ȼ
Ʒ֪ͷϷˣ
ʵϣ˼ĸնˣûʲôȤμ԰ᡣ
ͳƷĶԻ˷׷Ȥ֪ƷҪ˵ʲôҪܿˡ
ЩĽ׷߷׷׶ԳƷŭĿӣ·Ʒһ㡣
ŷͺˣʱ˲֮ǰոձƷܣ׷ĿӳƷƺоζ
ƷֻЦЩ˲°ܽˣȻҾ
ƷĿɨȥʱ򣬶ʱ˾Ͳӣ׷׽ͷת
״Ҳ˵ֻǺЦǰ·κܿʧׯ԰
Ʒܿ󲽾͸ȥׯ԰һͥԺ֮УͶͥԺеʯ֮ϣǰһߣݲĶˮǺÿˡ
һơ
ƷҲֱǰ֪½ҽΪʲôأ
ѵһ㶼ô
ðɣȻˣǾֱӿżɽ˵ˣ֪µĸն˾ǴӺζģƷʵĿͬı
ԭǸֻиնˣ˵Ĺ˵Ǻеģ
һ۳ƷȻ󿪿˵ȻˣҲżɽ˵ˣҽǰ˴һ仰ɻǵδ˼ꣿ
Ʒԣ΢ľ̩ɽǰҲ治ɫǵֵʱ򣬻̲ס΢
ΪѰ˼Ѿ̫̫ʱ䣬Ҳұݣһֱõ˼ϢڣһҪˡ


1879 
빫¸֪
Ʒԥ˵
ƷôżɵһЦȴ룬һ֮ˣ
ʱƷģﻹ֮ǰɱķ޵ҲֻһѰӵŮӰˡ
ܵ˼ǰ㣬㲻һı֮ˣȻҲݲ㣡
˵˵ﾹȻмȻһ˵ƣһ˵Ҳֻһ˲ѣʧӰˡ
Ʒȴܹ˼иǰģȻεˣԳƷҲ¶̬ȡ
֪˼ںδֻ֪˳£ȴ֪ΣΪβңƷʵ
֪һ㶼ǵһеĳŮܹΣڴĻʳ֮УǹλĶǴڣɣ֪ⳤڴĻʳ֮ӵеȨˡ
ڡ硷һ֮оͿڴĻʳĳ֮УֹһλȨ㳯Ұĳ
ʱйһλͻΪ˺ıˡ
ΪɼĿƣųƷ˵
ɼƷԣʱֺ֮˵âʱɲǼ䣬ϾȻһµϢ
ϾͷӦ˹ʱϿ쭵Ϣ
ʹΣƷʵ
ͻһԹ֪֮⳯ϣ˭һ۳Ʒʵ
ȴǲ֪
ƷҡҡͷڴĻʳʱϾ̣ܶܶ鶼֪ڡ硷ⱾҲûмأĳ˵νĵ̲㡣
ҾͿżɽֱ˵ˣڲξ֮ǰǶ̶˵һʣóƷɵƤһ
Ȼ̶֪ζʲô̫ӣ̶Ȼ̶̫̫ӵĽ
ÿһΪ̫ѡһЩܳ˽Ϊ̶Щ˽ܻ߳ʮţ߳ԳиңƽҲǾž֮ÿһ֮ͬٮٮеٮٮߡ
ЩҲ̫ӵǻΪ֮ҪĳǸɣĪˡ
һ̶Ҳ̫Ϊ֮ˣ仰˵ǬԪǶ̫һϵ
Ʒ֪ҲζʲôֻǬԪĻǲʲôվŵǶ̫ӣδ֮мλһ֪վŶȻ֪֧ߡ
ʱҲһЩûȻ֧֣ǬԪƾʲôһȿ컯Ȼȿ컯ء
ƷҲһ£Ƕ̫ӣƷҲԲЭ
º̫йأƷı䣬·ܹ
ȷʵЩϵùûδȷ̬˶Ҫ֧֣һ۳Ʒ˵
Ʒ˲֮ĹϵˣѹǬԪͶҪɱ˫޳Թ¡
ȫˣ϶Ϊ˼꣬ǬԪҲΪһ޹ؽҪСѣҪԳ׷ֻ߳ҪųеԸΪЧ͡
ʵҲ࣬ȷʵյϢʲôˣһһˣ˵Ҫɱˣûɱ˵ġ
Ȼǰ̵ɱƷֺǬԪ
ֻǶС˳ƷԣЩ̶˳ƷϣڣƷӵǲֵһСһĴڳɳԺǬԪĵز
ĻʳԶҲȻǾصĴǾԲǿʼʱǰ޹ؽҪ
ѵ˼жƷ뵽֮оͱŽǿҵɱ⡣
ԷȨµĳƷҲԲķ
ùĴ˼꣬ΪԼĹŵӵģ˼ڻʼؾ֮бչأҪ֪ҶѻýȥĻģǹùһ֣˼Ҳûᣡ֮оȻмֵĽ
֪˼û£Ʒһ
ùҪΪ˼ϢѾ͸¶˳ֻ˼֮󣬾пӢ֮н֪ΪʲôǬԪҪ˰ɣΪҲҪᣬǶ־ڴλ˵ҲǺͳùôϹϵһλᣡ
Ͼ˼ǳùõ²ˣ˭ܹȢȻܹóùõȫ֧֣


1880 ʤңҲֻң
Ʒû뵽ոյõ˼ϢľȻһϢʱѾΪʲôǬԪôɱ⡣
ǵĿ궼ΪĻô˼δʣͳһʯ
ȻǬԪУƷܻһֻϣԶ֣ҲֻǺһǰ̵Ϊ
ڳ̬δ־ڻλĻӺ͹Ҫó֧֣ôȢ˼ͳʵЧֶΣǳ͸¶˼֮󣬿־ڴ˵˶ʼ
ƾʲôôƷŭĵ
Ϊǿ㲻ҴĻʳ֮ˣܶڳùò̫˽⣬ҴĻҵһҲһ˵ȻЩһֱϺҴĻҵĶ֣лʶ£
ֻһѰĹΪ̫ӶôôųƷ˵ûеѡԺ֪ĿǰʵԲǳùõĶ֣ˣȰ㻹Ǻú룡
ûǲҪ뷨ùÿһҵһ֣һΪɲ⣬˵ҸʶҪǿ֪жҪùõ¶ô˼ϵ⣬ͬһ㣬ȷʻҪùô࿴˵ǰδеĻйùõδʶ¶ǿҲпܣΪãҲҪ⣡
Ʒ˫ȭգֻоһޱȵ裬Ļʳһǿʳ硣
·𿴵һ绪ŮӸ²Ŀ֮б䲻һ˿飬֪˼δҲмһˣڳУԼ䲻ĵӰɡ
ѹҲûпǹԼǬԪһʼҲ
Ʒ˵ΨһֵҲֻ˼δˣݣЩν߸ϵĴУֻ»һֻϡ
ĸоѾܾúܾöûйˣһ֮ſ˵˼ǣҪμ
õ;ҲΨһ;ҲҪҹùõϣ˴ߣǲܣն˵
Ʒ֣ᵽʱȻżĪĳݡ
һεӦöǴĻʳµӢܹܲģԭҿûʸμӣ콾лģʵϣ콾ϵҲߣʤļҲߣ޷ŷͺƣҲὫϢ㣬ȻȥҲǰȥȥѣڻҵϿɣʸ֪ϢҲߵĿԣ
ƷһȻ˵лϢ֪ң֪ǣ鹫ܵõʲôô
˵֮ǰѹûʸ񣬳Ʒ鲢ˣҲֻο
Ʒ̬ת䣬ȴ⣬ֻЦӯӯĵֻҪӮʤ˵ĺô
Ʒüͷһأ˼־ھλ˵лӶǾ֣̫ӻĻӣľ֡
̫ҲãҲã¶ŹǧѷĻᡣ
һ֮˳ɹ˵Ϣ
Զ˵ƷΪӮĺôӹıͳͳʧܡ
˼Ĺϵֺ񲻴ˣ
Ȼô˵ܲˣ˵ȷʵõĽô˵ǵĹϵҲ̸øһ˱ò£µǣüֵûУҪǶĿ࿴Ļóʵ˶֪˼δ޲ǳصģ
ƷһƽϢеŭȷʵ첻ǵһμ棬ʲôʸҪøǲϧһд
͸¶ϢѾֵǧˡ
ϣӮ㣬ĻǻһЩҶ̫Ը⿴ľ֣
ʤһңƷն˵Ҳֻң
֪жʱ俪ʼƷʵ
ֻ꣬аʱ䣬޷ǬԪô½ݣųƷ˵
Ҳ뿴һ·漣ĳƷܹڰ󣬴漣
֪ˣƷ˵л¿ҿûиʱﵢˣиǣ
Ʒ˵תߡ


1881 Զ

أ˵
Ʒתȴһ״ҩƿֱӷ˳ƷС
һƿʮöŻ¶˼Ҵģ˵
Ʒӹҩƿղ͸ŷͺһöľŻ¶Ѿۺ첻ˣ֪Ż¶жôˡ
൱һˡ
־͸˳ƷһƿʮöŻ¶νһֱʡ
Ʒ˾Ż¶Ȼ˼⣬ȻҲ˷ˡ
Ż¶˲ģŻ¶ķ˲ǱˣǵʣҲǵʱ򿪷ĵ
֮һŵշת˻ҵУǲҪɾŻ¶Ҫķѵҩʵ̫ˡ
ҲȻпܴƳŻ¶
л£
Ʒ˵
ųƷЦЦ˵㻹ǶòģϣܻʤҪ˼ʧҲҪʧ
Ʒ˵ͷ漴һ̤˺һͷչһڿն
ųƷʧʵӰ
ߣһӰĽ澰ü˳ۣԽ
˭Ҳ벻˼δȻҲһǱе˼΢΢һЦ˵
£Ҫиôؿʵ
ǻиõѡôһм飬ϹźÿЦݡңҲ˼ԸֻҪ˼껹ڣƷͲòƴҺ֮ܿ˵ǬԪҪϳһأ
߰ɣȥӢܣȥ
ͷһ֦Ʒ֮󣬵ֱ̤Ŷݹⷵ˵۶֮С
Ѿͨ˱ѯͨ۶Ĵ󣬳ƷһӾʹͻ˱̩С
Ʒոջص˱̩еʱ򣬶ʱоæϲӵĿųƷæˣ
ôˣƷüͷ΢ɵЩ֡
ѵгʲôô
Ա̩ڵλã壬壬֣һߵķȫ߱ſսȼյ̩С
ȳƽͳŶξΧˣæż˵
ôᱻΧʲôطԷ˭Ʒʱæʵ
ȳ֣ҲƿԶҪֶΣŸˣ˶ҪƷɲòš
ξǰŰַһɽկ˭֪һȥ֮ذΧ֮УΣڵϦȽõϢ֮󣬵һʱԮ˭֪Ҳ˰Χ֮УڶԷһżָҪýǰٲɵЩˣ˾һ簡
Ʒ۾֮ޱȵı䣬ٶóһ磬Ʒôῴ
´һʼһԳƷı
ڽΪӢ֮󣬾ͱƷԶ֮Уν˺٣ټϳȷʵʵܿͽΪ˶ξ
ճƷǰµĹأиξУξҪղͬŰɨⷽԲǧ֮ڵĸ·ţ
ʲô壬ĲҲãɽҲãǸħҲնڴķΧ֮С
̩ܹڶ̶ʱ֮ڣ̥ǵı仯Ϊ˸УľֶΡ
ԷӦþ֪ƷĹϵԲصѡôᣬԳ֣Χ
ĿĺԣΪƷ
ŵʵȻʱϾ̣õƷָʱҲ̣ҲֻѰľӢӡ
ȻĽѾܿˣǺʣʤ˲֪ж١
Ҫ֣Ǿʵ̫ˣ
Ʒǲ֪һ㣬һ㣬κһǿ߶Ǵӷ֮ĥ³ģ֮ĸ֡
ƷȻóȫĵطȥǰðգĻҲͷˣԶܳɳΪһ֡
֪ܻᱻԣƷҲĳԡ
ȳƵȻ֪Ʒͳ֮Ĺϵһű˰ΧΣڵϦôܻܵ
ǰҲͬȦˡ
һӣԶ
ԶУеΨһȻǳƷԶľ֧ƽʱƿԶȴȳơ
ȳҲΧԶ֮ȺףһʱֱҳһţҺؼʱƷˡ


1882 һԳƷ޵
ƷϾͷӦ˹Ӧþһ֣һճƷľ֡
ҲΪʲôȳƺͳŰΧ֮УȻûбȫߵĸԭ
ȻĻǴĻʳ˵Χ֪жٵĸ֣ƷУͲ֪жٶ֣컯ĸֶࡣ
ϢһǵĻֻҪ΢һ˿˿жٵߣͳͳ·һ
һЩ߶սپȡ̵ʱڽּ
һΣȴһ̬ΧסʱˣҲ룬Ϊ˵ȳƷĻع顣
óƷò̤֮У
Ҫ֪ڱ̩֮Уб̩в磬кü컯ĸͬʱͻϮֻҲκβ˳Ʒ
Ͼ̩ҲǱ߾УеĽҲǷǳ˵õģֱսġ
ΪˣԷ֪һķκβóƷԱҪַƷȳ
ûǺͱϢôƷüͷ΢Ҫ֪ȻȳұۣǴʱھӦûдķڵĵӣǿľӢеٮٮߡ
Щڷ֮ҲǾӢеľӢȴô򵥵ľҲ̫ʧˡ
λξѾ˷ֱǰԮǰĴ֮ԮеϢͳͳʯ󺣣ڶûյһ˿һĻţǸٿһ۳Ʒ˵λξжϣھѻǣɳȥʹûа취Ϣͳȥ
ƷľƽҲͬɵõһ
ǺεȺ֮£
Ҫ֪̩ǿ˵ǷǳӴ󣬶ӱ̩ɳʹ˵˷Գȥ
ʹֶ֣˵ҪϢ뿪ҲǷǳ򵥵顣
ڣеϢˣͨǰʶʹˡ
Ļʱڻʶ֮еĳƷӦþܹյϢ˵ϵˡ
ܹоһžҪץסһ㡣
ôֱʣ
ƷҲɵõһ˵
Ҫܹ׵׽̩ǵϢǵǺεӴ˵ֻ죬ƷɣڴĻʳڲ˺Щ˴ͨһ
ĻǰʶʹҲʯ󺣡
ǾڲԶĵطȴһ㶼ûиоҪֱ
ôһ޵ҪԵˣǳƷ
ƷʱҲ֪ԼǸÿ޻ǸЦԼȻõôӣҪóֶԸ
ףԷ׼ţòȥ
һΣ֪Ǻ磬ҪȥΪܿųȳƾڱ˵ϡ
ǺǣǺôֱʣҲ֪жħ֣ڴͨ
ƷһЦ
ԲȥԽʵԿͻΧȥȻϢͳȥʱͿǵĴЩСˣ
ټƷҪȥӣʱæ˵
ʱƷԶоͬһĴڣųƷһڶ˼ĺô
ǴһʤһʤǶԲԸ⿴Ʒ¡
ûõģͻΧȥϢϢȻ͵ǵǸʱǾͿ̽ɱȻԶǧȵǴϵʲôˣ
Ʒҡҡͷܹ뵽ͻΧȥϢĻεȵĺ
ȳƺͳžֻץڶԷϣԷûеڣΪƷ
ƷֳյĻ̾ͻڡ
Ծһ磬дĸǱߣٲɵżȻ˻ȫɣ
ûãҹƣԷ²ֹһĶ֣ԶȥҲûãƷҡҡͷԶǾѵõľ񣬶Ըһĸֱּǿвһ򵥡
ǶԷû뵽һ㣬ǳŻȳƶ׾ٵıŰΧס֪Էһǿ֮ĸ
ϾǴĻʳǲͬǱǲѰ·
ֻǴĶַǱпܡ
Ļʵ̫Σˣٻ̲סȰ˵
ģǺǿ󣬵ҲǳصģƷԶĿ⼫ΪʲôţˣһҪͳͳɾ
ϵ򱦸ˣҪҩģԽԽã
ƷԼ侲˵
˭ҶҪ֮أ
һŵƣԸǬԪãһƿᾪ춯ء


1883 ֵһƷʯ
û֪ƷΪ˶ԸǬԪ׼˶ٵƣͻ״ҲȵĳƷòǰó
ǳҪ˵Ҳ⣬Ϊصһŵơ
˭оԵİսն£ȴһε޵Ҫһ򾡡
ƷҲֻǰһŵƿ
ƷϢܿԶдʱԭЩҵľһӾȶ
ʣƷǾе꣬Ȼƽʱܾ٣ȴ޷ȡģԶһ֡
û˳ƷԶҲѰľ񲿶Ӷѡ
ųƷأԶܿһ糣ƷֻټУξϵľǰһ飬һЩ֮󣬾ǸԻصԼĸλ֮ϡ
һ糣ʲôûзһûнս״̬ΪƷ֪ԶԷʵԶɲʲôô
򱦸Ķǳ죬ܿ츽򱦸ĸˣǧѾˡ
ǧˣǧųƷвɵøп֣Ҳû뵽Ȼн־档
Ҫ֪ȻóƷԭҲѺƷܹΪڵ洫ӣδпܳΪ֮еһ
Ҳͽ˶ѣ
˭룬ƷѣһˣǵѸײڶ֮ƳΪ˷ڵ洫ӡ
һԾ֮ƿ콾񣬳Ϊ˾Ŀ콾
ȻЩ˸̳Ʒϵ½Ҳֻٲ˶ѡ
ʵϣţܹ콾ҲȰ˰ˣһ콾ĺ֪
ɣʱĳƷѾΪ˷ڣĻʳصעĶ
δǴĻʳľ֮һ
һжڶ̶ʱ֮ھѾɵģβоޱȵء
ԭܹӸµĿŵʱֻǱ̩ؾУξĳƷ
ȻڣƷȴѾҪˣ
мĲʶеԽܡ
Ǻܿľ͵˹
֪һγΪ£ʲôҪϵôǧ
Уһ嵥嵥ϵҩģҲʲôֶΣԽԽãʱ֮ڣҪЩҩĳҵľӪ֮УƷĿƿǧ˵
ʱǧʱЩ⣬֪ΪʲôƷҪôżʱ֮ھȻҪôҩġ
ֻƲһҩ嵥ͷ֣вٶǺҩģҪǻһˣҪͲ֪Ҫʱ䡣
ѵ򱦸ôƷ˵֪򱦸鲼ݣӦӵмΪӴĿŶԣЩҩЩ󣬶˵ӦҲŶԣ
ҲΪʲôƷѡ򱦸ԭΪ£Ҳֻ򱦸Ʒô̵ʱ֮ڽҩѼ롣
ãû⣬۸棬ƽʱͲܱˣΪЩҩǱԤģǰⷽʱҲҪ⳥ģ
ǧ룬ҧ˵
ôһǰ;ľţһǧѷĻᡣ
Ȼ֪ƷΪʲôҪôżǿ϶ʮ𼱵飬νѩ̿ĵ׵ġ
Ʒκεó顣
û⣬Ҫ۶٣ոƷȫһƴֵӡ
ʵϣҲӣһʱ֮УԶΧⷽԲǧ֮ڵĸսݣв洫ӼĸֶƷնɱ
Ƕ۵ĴӲƸҲ˳ƷС
޺Ʋҹݲʵĵ̶һʱƷ۳ϽɱԶչʽĲƸ֮⣬һ֮УѾۼƻƷʯĲƸ
ЩƸһֱõˣ뻹аǧƷʯĲƸ׫С
㹻Ʒʯֵ֧£ƴֵĳƷǼ۸
ЩҩҸղŹһ£ҪǧƷʯټϰٷ֮ʮۣһǧƷʯǧ
ҩ嵥֮ǧܿѾжϳЩҩĵļֵвɵüΪ𾪣ȻóЩҩĶõġ
ؼǹֻǲϾѾֵǧƷʯʦһҩĵļ۸㣬ƷҩģҪһƷʯ
һöֵһƷʯĵҩ֪ʲô񵤡
ҲЩ棬ƷȻֻһҩģû׼ڶݣѵôаܹڵһξͳɹô
ûж˵ʲôϾǳƷĻܡ
ƷҲ룬ԣǧƷʯҪʱڿҩ


1884 ˭˭һ򾡣δ֪
ƷʯĴ̼֮£򱦸Ķǳ죬ʱ֮ڣҩľѾ۵Զפ֮С
ٶȿƾףΪҩǴʮ֮Դ͹ģ⶯ôĳɱͼΪˡ
Ȼ򱦸˰ٷ֮ʮķãƷǵóǵ顣
Ҳף򱦸֮ԻôŻݵļ۸ѰЩҩģӦҲǿԼϵǱ
ⱾҲ޿ɺǵ飬ҲΪʲôƷһҪԼĲŻչֳĸԭ
һ֮ҪΪڣܳǸˣһ˼ıſ޸ܣˣòӣԴĻҲҪϺܶ౶
ʲ£˫ķչֱر
˵򱦸ķΪѰҸҩˡ
Ǽǲܵ飡
ҩ֮󣬳ƷϾó׼õǧƷʯһǬнǧ
ǧҲûƷҲ٣һ涼Ҫˡ
ҪҩڸѼˣǰæ˸Ǻ
ǧЦЦ˵Ҳ
ҳƷ򱦸һ飬պк󱨣ǧ漴濴һ۳ƷѵĲҪǵİæôЩС򱦸ģ˵鱨ʲôģ
֪ʲôƷʱ֮â
ǧ¶˼ε˵ԭ֪ƺкܶԳе֮ˣѾϢ˰ɣҪĻҵȿԴΪϢ
ǧи̣ΪƷҪһҩҪķǳԾǳʲô飬ǱܵģͰȥһ鲻֪һһڱ̩ǸȻ֪֮ѾǱĺ֡
򱦸ĸֶ棬ͷ鵽ʲôǧֻ֪򱦸ָĸȨҲֻڱ̩⸽һ顣
ͷѾ˾һΰƷѼҩĿԣǲҪٲ֣Ļϡ
̲סڣҪƷһ¡
Ȼ֪Ʒʲô鷳ʮֿóƷδ
Ϊ˳ƷĻֶϣǵȻܣֻԼһϢȥǻǺܼ򵥵顣
ƷһǧȻ˵лֵ⣬ʱҲҪҰϢȥ
Ȼ֪ǧŻ򱦸ķԸƷ顣
ǧƷƺԼΪ֣ȻҲףƷԼ飬˫ĹϵԸһ
֪ƷǿţѾ׼ȻֵܹģҲֻܸǡ
ǼȻˣĳȸˣأ
Ŀǧȥ֮󣬳Ʒޱȣʱڱ̩һ޵Ѿǳˣ򱦸
򱦸ȻΪóȻһ¹֮С
֮ԻܾǧĺҲΪˣҪϢĻû˱Ӻˡ
ʵҪǰ۶ûס
ͬģźȳֻҲᱻԷڡ
Щ˲޵ҪԸƷҪóƷأǳƷֺγ뽫һ򾡡
ԳƷ˵ҲһõĻᣡ
ϾһξǱˣһλһһһΡ
ֻǧǧշĵ
һ˭ǬԪ̫ӣʲôˣƷҲǧѷĻὫһ򾡡
һս󻼣
ĵƾת𵤣ҲǾת𵤵ļ򻯰棡
һת𵤣ת𵤹ǣǿУת֮תһֱûƣΪת𵤶ڵʱ˵ʵ̫ˡ
ǵ굤Ϊת𵤵ļ򻯰汾ĵڵʱĳƷ˵Ȼңɼġ
ҪԴͲǵʱܹġ
߱ƵԴƸҲȱǽתƳĺʱ
תҲԸǬԪһٽǬԪնɱóҲ޻˵
ȻȴƵǰˣ
ûת𵤣ʱҲˣһٳԽǬԪʱƾʵҲɽնɱƷ֮˸â
żϸȥԷȻĿΪ˹ϹôȻ׵ĶԳźȳ֣Ҳ㹻ʱȥ׼һ㹻Ʒһеĵơ
Ʒչص״̬Ȼɽͼ֮УϿʼ


1885 Ļ壬
һɽ⣬һ޴Χɽ֮ϣһȺ˱ֶɽѾ˲оԶһˡ
ԭƺƵǧԶʱѾֻʣٶбɽ֮УӲ
ھ޴ΧѾжӰһԣƺһֱڵʲôһ
һȺ֮УһѪɫۣżаĿͬӥһ㣬ɽеĲб
ƷѾˣѪɫ۵ı棬üͷ΢ûгô
ûУ
˵
Զפأܱ߸פҲҪ˶ˣƷϵӣǾ̽ɽһ֧о𣡡Ѫɫ۵ޱᣬ·ĺһ㡣
ɽĲоϾһȺһΪ˹ƷЩͱɱľˡ
ǣ
̾뿪ǰȥˡ
ʱɽ֮УдԶΧڳȳ˵ߣ˵鶼ʮֵήҡ
һݺᱦ̩Ǹɨˣħ֣νǿݺᡣ
ûֿܹУڳƷԳ֮£Ҳ˲߽⡣
ȥһ˵緢
˭룬һ⵽ͻϮ֮̾ȫܵĽԷԸ⣬Էֱַ
ôʱ䣬ɵҲóԷ֮ⲻھƣ仰˵ǳġ
ǲֻնˣ
ȻҲǱԵĶΪûбҪǵڶǵãɽ֮ϵǸˣһ֮Ǵĺ޻֮
ԶѾ۳˾꣬ľľֵʱȴǸûκô
һ֮ʹȫ
ҲѲ²⣬ֻЩ˵ĿҲԶ֧ҲΨһӵбԵļֵ֮ˡ
Զ󽫾Ʒ
ǳţȻֻǱನɨˣǻǱشˣҲֻǿѹסϵƣϵȴҲ޷ϵķ
Щ˶Ҳϣ˵ҪľԼš
һ㣬ŷǳĿ㣬µɽˮĵزҲû˿뷨
ҲǳƷһ̵ֱģΪǿߣ͸ǿ֮ģδעǰ;ޡ
ȻҲ֪ΪԼĹϵΪ˷㣬иֻԼ֪ڼᶨĿ֮£Ѿ˾һвԣɱҲԲ䵽Щ˵ֻΪԸĹߡ
Ŀɨɽ֮ЩصӰЩһӰΣһЩȻһӰֱӽʾЩ˵ݡ
أڴʱдԶֻоԶһɧǵĿ⿴ȥȴԶһӰһһ
ȴе֧Զ󽫾Ʒ˭ء
ʱ˵ľ񶼷׷׸һ
Ǵ󽫾󽫾
󽫾ˣоˣ
̫ˣоˣ
ʱ˶һ˷ڿȥϣ
Сģȫ䱸
ʱȳȴʱ˶һӻعʱƷ֣˵ҲδǺ¡
ԷΪƷѾ֣ѾûдڵļֵĻȷʵпֱܽӼ
ҵδԷƺȤҲֻгƷһδֱӽֱ뷨
ͬʱҲףǶԷֱǣںǵκһ˶Խȫ𣬸ҪںϵĿ
Ʒˣе˼սپϾ򣡡
ʱһѪɫ۵һ¡
ڰ֮ԭݷЩѱӰ׷׶ԳΣɲǼ䣬Ϊ֮ɫϢڰ֮Գ
Ѹײڶ֮ڰ֮γһ󣬽ƷŰΧС
ƷͻȻΧʮӰν죬Ϣ㹻һС˻
Щ֮ģģҲһͷһͷľޣӴͬһһСɽһĿֲڡ
壬̣
Ʒףһ˾ʲôˡ
ԭΪǬԪڿȻ֪ǬԪڱûйᣬһȻӴ
̣
ΪܹʹĻʳᲢ۵Ȼʵ֮ǿȻӹɣиƣʤ
רҴĻʳһҲڴĻʳȷѪ꣬νǸƣ鲼ݣ֮


1886 ʮ콾ĸ֣ȫ
ƷʱҲˣΪʲô̻¾ԸˣʵϣΪеĽʺ˴̽鱨֮⣬ŶԴĻʳ֮еľֵ
еŲкܶ඼ǷʣδɳܹĴڡ
ǾôϢ̵ϣҲΪʲôŲٵĻߣΪ˱ͻº֡
Ǽл߸ţȻкֱܶ䣬ҲνѪծۡ
ڣǵĿⶢԼ
һβɣȻһΣܹ
ҲǴĻʳ͢һֱҪ飬ֻϧû㱻ɨһЩֶҲ޹ش֣̳ڴĻʳ֮С
ЩһֱޱȵĴڣĻʳҲû֯ͻϮ̳Ǽɹ˵һЩūˣܿͿؽ
ܹ帲𣬲п̳
Ļûκ壡
콾ϵţûвԵģֻûӴľԹѡ
һս۳ɰܣȻĻʳķϾ̶ξɱĻʳţĻʳҲַ֯ɱŸ֣á
ʮӰÿһ붼Ǭϵĸ֣йǬ۷Ĵڡ
Ȼڳ֮ǰҲ飬Ȼ֪Ʒ׾ٵĻܹǬ۷콾
ʮӰÿһȵƷնɱ콾Ҫ
ݣ֮ǰĳƷֻ¹Ҫɱһ·ҪѪĴۡ
֣
һͷСɽһľ޴һһӴμһԾһ˲ѾųƷɱ
ſѪڴһȷ磬ֱӻ糯ųƷ˹ȥ
Ǭ۷壡
һͷ޾޴۾֮Ѫ飬ҪһڽƷŸˣǰδеĺûᡣ
룡
ƷҲֻ˫ֳǰ˺˿˫֮ӳһĹâ

ֻһѪⱻ˺ѿֻһͷСɽһ޵ֱһ˺˿Ѫͬһ㡣
һͷǬ۷ޣ
˶ûзӦԭ˿ӦÿԺͳƷĲµޣѾ˺ˡ
£ͱƷһָֻɽͼС
ݲ̫Сˣƺûеõµ鱨ɣ
ƷЦһ˵Է֯ݣûиǿĸֻ֣ǾãʮÿһԺͳƷĲµĸһ֣ƷǲҲѷɡ
Ȼǻڰǰ콾ϵϢжϡ
ǰǰƷȻôɡ
û֪ɽͼҲʱ㵽Ʒʵ
ֻгƷչֳ֮󣬲пܱ׽
ԴһʼΧע˲ܳɹ
ã
ʱЩ˹ȥ̵ĸֶ׷ʶ˲ãƷʵѾǵжϡ
ⶼѾˣ˵ʱʱ죬ƷѾˡ
ȴһĹâƷ֮˸˾ֻѪꡣ
ͣ
ͣ
ͣ
ЩպգҺ콾콾ɱĿֲڣȴƷֱǲһɱ
Ʒ˸Ĺâͬһ㣬һնһͷޱն롣
һ̵ĸֱնϣ
ٶ̫ˣѾ쵽˸ûзӦĵزһնγ׵Ŀֲ棬Щ޸ӦֱӾͱն鿪
֮ҲٶȼǿߣһâҪߣǵٶôϵϳƷٶȡ
ƷͥŲһ㣬޾֮У֮
ɲǼĹ򣬾ѾЩΧʮֲĸնɱ
а̸Ҳãʮͷ۵ҲãڳƷϣһжֵס
еķ磬ڽӴâһ˲䱻˺鿪ǵҲ޷赲סֻһֱӽɷ顣
ʲôп£ǿ£
ʲôɱ¾ɱ¾
ͥŲ֮Уʵ죬Ƕ̶̼ʱ֮УƷѾЩȫն
ǵʬ׶ƷֱץɽͼĿռ֮Уൽ֮ϡ
һеĳƷĲ
⣬ֻѣ


1887 ħһǿ
ƷЩ˲ֻǻ˼ʱ䣬˫ʵ࣬ȫȫ˸쾡¡
ɽ֮УԭԳƷĵԶ£ʱҲǳȫȫĿɿڴ״̬֮¡
ΪǵЩΧƷӰÿһôǿͬħһĿ¡
ѰǬ洫ǵǰҲġ
һ㣬ȳģȻǬ洫ӣҲֻ벽֮ңˣò˶Ҳܹ֮С
һоǾǬҲЩеκһ˵Ķ֡
ЩǿߵĵزѾûκ壬˵ԶˣһٸȥҲƬ֮䣬ͻᱻֱɱ䡣
ûκδĿԣ
Ǿ˿µĸ֣ȻƷƬ֮䣬͸ɱ䡣
˵Ҳϱȫȫĵ߸ˣ۵ıܡ
Ψһ鿴ҪĶˣ˵ķ紴漣ʵ̫̫ˣҲһġ
ȻģһжȻֻҪǷ磬ôûʲôġ
һĸ֣ƺҲû뵽Ʒ˿ֲ׾ٵĽǲµĸָɱ⡣
Ҫ֪ݿѾƷʵֿǽȥ˵ƷҲѷɡ
ȻôһǿóƷѷɵݣȴǳƷĶ֣µĹ򣬾ͱƷնɱ˸⡣
жǸϵģ
û뵽ݣȻˣֲǣݾȻ΢赲һ³ƷֻͥŲ֮䣬Ѿɱ˸⡣
ݼǧʧܣֱӾͿԴɢʮȻԳƷȴ˵Ĳһ
̫ˣǳƷ̫ǿˣ
һƬ֮еĳƷһսһ㣬ʹߣĹԴ¼ÿһ
ֻôôǣɱ
Ʒ˵Ŀ⿴ЩˣͳͳУһ
Ϊ˶Ը̿˵ҲǺķ˼Ĺĸ֣Ȼֻǰݡ
û뵽ƷȻܹƿ󷨣أһѱЦ֮һ󶶶һѪɫ۵ˣ˳˳Ʒǰ
Ѫɫ۵ݿ֮дżа죬˸Ũȴǻʵ壬˫ۣ·һͷè۾һ㡣
ƷֻǵĿˣ̾жϣѪ̡
˲壬ȴ֮صȻΣڳƷĸ֪֮Уͷ·һͷһƤһѪɱ¾
˵ʵ˿£͸ѾЩƷնɱĸ֣һѾ컯Ŀֲڡ
ôмֱ£ҲλҪ㣬ĻʲôֵԳôɢ˵ʱ֮лֶʼ֮ɫʲôһѣֵλ˶࿴
壿Ʒüͷ΢Ȼ֪̳ĸ֣ȻǾϴԣЩ֣ÿһʱ䶼ҪٶȾһϴԣһδεϴˣҲǱһѡ
⼸ֵʱ򣬻̲סŭ
ˣһȷĳƺ˼飡
ʲôֻ˲ϵ콾ѣȵҵȶͻ컯ʲôأЦ˵ֿ֮顣
˭Ʒڶǰ˼Ȥٽ
Ʒǰ˾Ǻηʥˣڡ硷ⱾҲйļء
һһ֣ͬʱҲ̵ľԴˣδ̽һʵɲ⣬λ콾ʮ
콾ҲмأǰʵΪ£ͬʱҲ̺Ĺ֯ڴĻʳ֮ŵ׷ɱиɵ֮ͬзʸֵ
һʵֲݣ
㻹֪ҵ֣һϣҿȫʬĲôʹ࣡
Цһ˵
ֻһѣ˶ҳȻȮͣǲҪˣƷЦһĿѲ֮Уŵĸֺ͸ղűնɱЩͬǻʵ컯ĸ֡
Ϊɱ̿νǷѾĻ


1888 һ콾һȭ
ݵȻԸģΪΪ֮ǰǸҪնɱƷȫȫǴ´ġ
֮Իųô컯ĸ֣˵ԳƷܵĻ˵Ĵڡ
һ洫ӻܲôݳ޵ĴǳƷǷ֮ΨǶ콾콾δǰ;
̿ǲ˰иƷҲǷǳпܵġ
ϾȻǿ󣬵ʵȴѾû˶ǱһҲˣƷȴճ˵δǰ;ֱ
˭֪ǲûеȵƷĻˣЩڿУֻĮĿųƷֲ֣ǵУƷѾһˣֻҪôѡ
նɱ̺ôĸ֣ƷȻգǱȻҪóƷ㹻Ĵۡ
ôǲôƷЦһ˵
ԸһõǳôЦһ˵˵ɣô
ƷЦһ˵Ҹղǳ֣Ҳǳں⣬ΪĻ治Ҵģ
ЦʲôҲᲢۣ
Цһ˵ʱʱ죬ֱһצӳųƷץ˳ȥ
ָ֮ڣɲǼĹ۳ѪѪצȻųƷץ˹ȥ
һצ·ǻصѪצʶžҵĶԶ¸оǳžҵĶת
Ѫצ
һʩչ̵ľѧѪצһצȥֱץе˵ͻᱻȫľ˵Ƿǳаŵһѧ
һѧȷʵʮ־ˣ֮ǰЩΧƷֶ򲻳ơ
һȴִܹĹ֪жôĿ¡
컯һ۷壡
ʵ֮ǰƷܵŷͺƶҪǿϼ֣ǰ콾ϵ˵ҲҪӿǰġ
ʲô
ƷͬһѪγɿµ񷣬һӳɢѪצƣȻ͵һָȭһȭ˳ȥ
أ
һɿֲڰ֮ײһ컯ɢ˿
Ѫצɢûа취ԳƷһ˿һв
ʲôôܣ
ȫȫһ˼飬ԼĹ֮ǰЩǬأǬ۷ĸ֣Ķ֡
ھȻڳƷϳԱ
ʱЩΪʲôƷܹ޶ãǸˡ
̵̫̫ٽֻĲΣǵĵͳҪסˣ
ƷХһ˰εض𣬷·һĺȥٶȿ죬죬죬ǿ쵽˼£
˲ͺ嵽ǰ
䣡ƷϵϢڿ˺һͷױıֱһȭ˳ȥ
ҲʲôѧҲʲôͨƾűǿƵ˼µѪֱӽ̮˲ǰ
ã
ʱڷӦ˹һΪ־飬ƷһʼƿĹʱֻм־ѣڳƷȻԱֲо־Դͷ
ѾԽԭΪĳƷֻǬ۷սѾ컯ս
սҪǿϺü
ֲֿϢ˸оѡ
ѾˣɲǼ䣬һ䣬һ͵ͨȴ˷ڻ֮УҲΨһİ취
ǽһĻ;ˣΪȻƷһȭƬ޷赲סƷ
ʲôһʮᣬʲôؽ޷ɲʱܵˣԸǿʵһʮĸо
Ҫ֪Ȼûĸ֣ǻ϶һЩǰ֮ɵľ޴в
֮ͬȴǵһΣ
ȴ뷨ı䣬ȴƷֱһȭ˳ȥһУͬǹᴩ˳գ˲ͺϡ
ۣ
һѪֱӴһعǶѵƷһȭȻֱһȭعǸķ飬ؿڸԴ
㡭ɴ۾أԲţƷĹȻ֮
ȻһȭͽķڳƷǰһͯһ㣬һ
̫ˣ
Ʒ۳ָͷ­ն䡣
콾콾


1889 ̽
죡
죡
죡
һеķȫȫǿ쵽˼µĿֲٶȣѸײڶ֮ƣ
֮ǰЩǬĸֲһھѾ콾ڳƷǰҲ˲һ
ӣȫעиǰ̵ֵĸҲɵˡ
һĹ򣬳ƷѾ
ûи˿ĻֵĻᣬ˵ؿڱͱɰ˰ʣлܹ
ԴƷ˳Ƹˡ
Ҳ˵̵ٽδĽôˡ
ǲ׵ľˣ
һ˲䣬̵ĸֶŷŭˣȻ֮вһ飬ֳһϵǺһǶܿδ˵ĴС
Ҫһܹ콾ϵ콾˵ҲǷǳ׵ģ֪ɱ¾˶飬񹦣˶ԴĶ콾񣬶ǳǰ
ھôֱˣ֪Ѫ׷ˣҪǣܻ̿γ˲ϵĶϵ
κһ˵˲ϵĶϵޱȿµ飡
˶ŭˣʱһֲϢ˲˳Ʒ޲ýʬΡ
ԶԶĿֲϢһӾͽƷˡ
ȻǵĵλûҪΪ̵δȻʵϣЩ̵ĸ֣κһʵԶ֮ϡ
ǳ컯ѣЩ̵ĸ֣粻֪컯꣬κһʵܹᲢ۵ġ
Ʒƶѹסˣ
ЩֽƷΧסĿ֮ޱȣǶɱ¾֮󣬲ܹӵеϢ
Щ̵ĸޱȳ壬ЩѪծҲʬɽѪɡ
ãããƷǣû뵽ȻܹһλǧˣұΪİѾһʧˣȴ©㣡
֮УһѪɫ۵˵
ȻƷˣֻоʱһۣǱƷݺ˦һ⡣
ԭ޵Ϊ˶ԸƷ˭룬ƷûŵʮǬĸ־ˣһδ̽
ʧ˽ˣ
Ҳû뵽Ȼݱӵľ档
ǼʮǬĸҲˣ۾գһ£ޱ۵ĵӾˡ
Ҫһٽ֪Ҫʱ䣬֮ǰ˲Ŷϵʱ
Ҫ߲ѣ뵽ֻоޱȵľŭƷ֮гɱ⡣
죬Ҫ֮أкйصˣͳͳҪΪᣡ
ޱھŭ֮£Ȼ¶ޱȼȮѾˡ
ڳƷĸ֪֮УͲ࣬һͷ̫ƤѣƽʱеƤ֮Уһŭӵʱһͷ˳
һеĶر񹦣վ쳤ȥѾ˲ģˡ
ֻάһˣ׼ȷ˵Ҳ̵ġ
ֻϵļʮһٱ˫ͬն
̽Ʒǰ˵
ңеʶ
ޱȵ֮ǰûгָԤǾʵҪԸƷûѶȣ˭֪ڳƷϳ˴ֱӾ
ڰ಻סˣҪˣ
ƷʷԹֲĸ֮һ
ȻʵδرȵϷڵ˾ͽ˾ͽʱվһߣԲδܵ˾ͽ塣
ڣܹоͬɽһĿֲѹԶԶɵѹͬն
û뵽Ϊɱң㶼ԳҸ˵أأƷЦЦ֮̽𣬼ȷ˾ͽʵ磬ҲͬһϵĴڡ
ĸ־ȻԴһĸνǳֱˡ
øоңܿͻҵϣԭһ룬λΪʲôô㣬Ҫɣڿλ˲ıԶǣһ첻һͻɾ޴в
ɫޱȵѿɱŨʱƺѾˣΪʲôλһҪԳƷˡ


1890 ¾컯
˵ڵĳƷԶ幹вֻҪɳȥδض幹ɾ޴в
ֻһ㣬͹˳Ʒ
ƽӹ֮˲ɱ̫ܳȴɱ֮
ץʱ䣡˫ֱ磬˵
һ˲䣬֮УֱӷʮſϢ컯֣峯ųƷͳ˹
Щֵٶȿ쵽˼£ͬʱҲĬ˼£һµĹͬһ㣬Ʒû
һɲǼ䣬ƷͳһöҩС
¡¡
һıըԶɽ֮ԶɫҰˣǱڶ𣬻ĢƺأضھҵĶ
˶ӦһоѾˡ
Щ컯ĸ֣ԸƷܴڵĻˣһʵȻ˵󲿷ֶ컯֮еĸ֡
˵Ϊ˾ɱƷһϵĸֻ֣ΪɱһˣҲǰ޹ˣߡ
𣡡
һ޴ޱȵĢƵϷһͷͬСɽһ޴޺˽ͬ޴ĥһצ£ƺ³ƷĲףҪѹƬ

һֻ޴צֱӴ͸Ģƣݺĵʲôһ㣬һ𵴳˿µˡ
ֱӽĢƴɢʱ˲ڿĢԭΪѾֲ֮µĳƷǵû෴ģҲûбش
ͷϣɽӶתеĹͳͳˡ
ʲôʱҲмȻղǹ컯ĸ֣ҲһһŶԡ
ǳƷȻܹⱾһ漣ˡ
ʣǸҩһֹܹҲӦá
зҪʵӳĻʹ߱Ҫǳߡ
أע⵽ƷӿֳԽԽķЩͷųѾﵽۿɼĵز
Щۿɼķޱȣһ׽С
ôܣ֣ƷĹһʮ־˵ٶȷ
Ʒս·ﵽһ־׵ĵز
һпʮֵĹͲ˼顣
䣡
Ʒϵķֱӳ̵һȫµľ磬սȻһֱӳ嵽컯ء
ŲǶ̶ʱѣ
컯أ
컯أ
Ƭ̼Ĺ򣬳Ʒսֱӳ컯֮УʱƷҲ¶ʹ飬ǿޱȣǲ񱩵ûи
ת֮󣬳ƷĹÿʱÿ̶ԼαǣܿѾԽ컯أֱ컯ء
һͷ޴צݺͬСɽһ컯͵һʶ˲ˣƷϵϢ·һͷ̫޸һ㡣
һϢҪʸƷоޱļ£
䣡
Ǿ޴ޱȵצһӱһɿµ˳ȥ
һֲĽâ˲佫һͷ޴޶
â֮֮ӿֱӽһͷ޵Ĵ֮е
أ
޴ʬϰɵĳˣ˲Ͳһˡ
һͷ
Ʒм޴ʹ֮Űµڷ˺֮еÿһϸо޴ʹࡣ
΢һ¶ܹо޴ʹ࣬һˣʱѾˡ
תϽ޴󣬵ͬģҲʮֵľˣƻʮ־ˣ˵ÿʱÿ̶ڷı˺ѡ
Ȼǿ飬ǿ˺ѣ
ƷƵ˾һ
ϣֲӿһ˲䣬ѾͻƵ컯أȫѾѪ죬ֻоһȭܹ䴩һ
䣡
Ʒڰ֮ʧԭأֻ֮ٶȳֵʱѾһͷ޵ǰ
Ȫ̤
Ʒҧһż̤ȥ񷶼Ųˣ·ֱӼ̤һ޴ޱȵĿն
䣡
һͷޱһ̤Уݺݵײ˵ϣֱ˰ɵĳˣ˿ȻֱӼ̤һ޴ޱȵĽӡӡֱӽ嶴
Ѫ
ѹԵŰɱֲһ˲䱬նɱЩֲ컯ͬһֻһ
һĻȻ˵죡
Զ£Ƿ·𿴵˸ղһĻݣڶģ׾ٵĻܡ


1891 ǿħ
׾ٵĻɱ
ǺεȺ˵ɱ¾
Ʒֿ񱩵ӣԶµĸֶûпģǺƷӣǱƵ˾·
ǵȻҲף״̬֮µĳƷʮֵǿʵȴȫȫƵ˾·
ĻҲᶯҪ֪Ȼʵܺڳκһȣǻ֪ġ
Ȼʮܾʹãһζܸ޴Ĵۡ
Զ˶ɵӲᣬҲûһ߸ϵĹ˿Ϊðա
Ҫ֪ȻǾʿͬҲĻʳ˵ھһȺڻҶѡ
ʿȻѵãôܺͳƷǰ;δᲢء
пܵĻĻʳԸʮ˻Ʒһ˵Ҳ֡
ڱΧʱ˶Ѿˣһŵĺ磬ԷԸΣƷ֪ܲ
£ƷԸ֣ҲǺ飡
ǣҲô룡
Щ֮У˳ųƷһֵ֮⣬ûκһġ
ڳƷˣΪǵᣬ뻢ѨȼԼ
Ķ飬ЩӲҲ׷ᡣ
Բõ˰ǵв󽫾ĳ룬鲻ΪһɱԲܳΪ󽫾ۣ
ʱһУξͻȻ˵
ҵȵЩǰͬһĴȴʲô˵ģѡô룬ǿѡ
²ΪҲֻһԱ󽫾Ķ£
ĻʱʿĹ˵ڿʼҲûһǵлȳƷҪҪ³ƷҪ췴ҲüͷҲľֱӸϳƷĽŲȥ췴
ʿΪ֪οƷԸΪǸðգ
ƷȣԼԼ·ߵҰݰˣڳƷȴǧ֮ЩҰݵⱲܹһֵˡ
Զ𺳣¶־ʱ򣬴ʱƷѾױ˿ֲɱ¾ֱչ
죡
죡
죡
Ʒ֮ļӳ֮£ٶȿ쵽˼£Ӱˡ
ͣ
һ̵ĸһҽУؿڲ֪ʲôʱѾ͸һֻ֮Ĵ֣ͳͳ÷飬ӿĴҲɱ
ʬ˲ʧѾɽͼ֮У
ϣɱԲȥ
ƷɱˣЩֵľŭӣһ˲䣬ЩֵйƬȥ
ٶٿ죬Ҳܶܿ
ʱһͷ޺ʶǵĹ촷ۣĢơ
Ļ䣬ȴһâͻȻһӴϰɵĿֲ˲佫ն롣
֮أǲţҪ֪컯صĿֲڣܵ컯صĸֶ󣬶֮֡
˭֪ڳƷĽ£Ȼһжֵס
ȻǰһӰһѪɫӰѪѾжǳƷģжЩնɱ޺̸ֵˡ
Ʒȫ͸Ѫ˹ѵĺۼת𵤵֮Űġ
ÿһϸ˺ѣ飬ͬʱͻʼսϵʣһ˵ĻѾǱˡ
ȴƴĿƣһ֣߳һƴˡ
ҲѾڱıԵشˡ
ǿֲ˶Ҫ˺ѿǴʱ˵ȴޱȵı䣬Į侲
ѹеĸ뵽һ־Ե侲״̬Ǿҵʹȥ
жôǿ־ûйϵΪϱǴÿһϸĲ汬ģһϵơ
صĻп˵Ʒ꣬תϽ𵤾
Ĺ֮Уÿһε˺ѣÿһε飬ܹоԼڱǿԽԽǿ
һǿͻ֮δͻ֮·Ҳļ򵥶ˡ
һӴһˮױǿһˮأȻĹ̺ʹ࣬ΣգһСľͻٲ
ͬģһ֮󣬾ǱϷ츲صı仯


1892 ɨ
䣡
Ʒٶȱһȭʣֱӽһ̵ĸķѡ
һʮᣡ
ƷʱϱķԶԶսֻľ绹ԶԶ磬ۺ֮սʵԶʱ߱ķĳ̶ȡ
ֻƾŨ˼µķƷһȭԽһ컯ص̸ָƬ
ִ򷨷ǳǳıŰ
һȭƷԼϵļⶼűһ飬ֲķŰһ˫н˼
䣡
ƷϵϢٶȱֱӳ컯أ˫Ѿͨ죬ȫѪܱ𣬼ⶼҪ˺ѳ
У
ƷϾʶˣȥܿƵķὫ˺ѡ
Ҫ֪£תϽ֮ӦȫչأһǳƷȴתϽ𵤵ǿУ˵Ǿ޴ĸ
Ʒһ֣ץһöŻ¶˿УʱŻ¶һʽƷ֮С
ɲǼ䣬Ʒϵƾһ˵ٶȺתȻǻᱻ񱩵ķ˺ѿǻָٶϵϱԼ˺ٶȡ
𣡡
һͷ޴ޱȵķȻﵽ컯أķ֮
˽ɫëͬһһڵһ㣬ֱӼĽ꣬ÿһ𽣣׵شɱһѰ컯ĸ֡
˼㣬֮УҲһԺա
˫צܹһɽ׾ٵͬһ˺ѿ
Ľ곯ųƷ˹
ɴӡ
Ʒһֻץ˳ȥ˲ֱ֣ӭĽɫϣ˲ͽ⽣ץ촷ۡ
һ׽ӳƷи˳˳ȥ
ͣ
һͷɫķ˲䱻ͷ­˲ը޴ֱǻδȫ£Ѿ˳ƷС
˲ɽͼУ
ڣҲһӱˣ֮ǰҲˣ컯صȻôƷһͱ˸ԴֱӲ
ڳƷս֮ǰȣֹǿʮô򵥣ֱǼα
ؼǣƷսڲͣУ˵ͻ컯ƿǲµġ
ȥˣزĳƷ˵ЩƲסˡ
һ˲䣬ڳˡ
䣡
һֱֻӺɨ˲񷣬һӳųƷץ˹ͬһֻѪɫħצһ㣬ֲ֮ӡ
ƷʱоһǰδеĿֲѹѹʱսѾﵽ컯أһ·ֱ컯۷塣
һɿֲ֮£ȴʲô·ѾԽ޴ﵽһֲľ硣
¶ŵϺŵĿֲʵ
ڣ
ƷһΣɲǼ䣬͵һһӾͶǵضһֻ֡
˺ѿƣƷٶȳֵʱѾɽ֮ǰ
󽫾Ǵ󽫾
ʱԶ¶ʱϲ
ţʱҲӦ˹ڷӦˣƷʲôˡ
ԭĻƷͻķߣȥɽ֮е˾ȳ
ΪҪȥƷ߾һɶˣ͸˳ƷԻᡣ
룡
ʱҲ룬һֻѪɫĴӡմԼĪǧ׵ķԲֱӽɽȶסˣס˳Ʒе·˿ѵĿԡ
ǹѹĿֲѹóƷܹܵжôĿֲ
ƴˣ
ʱ򣬳Ʒһȫķֱӳ𣬿ֲˣԼһʵȫȫ˿
Ʒ˫ֳ죬γɿƣͬʱͷϣɽӶתֱӷ֮ϡ

һֻѪɫĴӡݺֱҵɽӶϡ
ۣ
ƷһѪ˳Ҫըѿһγɵƽⶼˡ
ɽӶ˵һɿֲŰ˿
Ʒǿ֧סˣֱһֻ֣Ȼ͵һӽԶͳͳץС
䣡
Ʒ͵һֱ̤ӻһֱ˳ȥ
ߣԼȻһûܴƷҲЩɻ󣬲ʱûпܷ߳Ʒǧ֮࣬󣬲ŽƷƭôܾߡ
һֲѪɫӡ
أ
һֱӺɽӶ֮ϣҪɽӶ׺ɳȥ


1893 ͬɥ֮Ȯһ̽
Ʒʱʵʵֲ֮ȵǣӿֲ̽ʵѾԽһˡ
ǳƷܹᲢ۵ģ
ֻ򵥵һѣͼҪƷˡ
ߣ
Ʒһ˦֣Զֱӻһâʧʡ
ʱ¶˼һ顣
׷Բˣ
أʱһ
Щ˹̸ֱӳԶ׷˹ȥʱҲЩƷŵˡ
Ʒ־ͽشǺɱˣɱ¾Че㾪ˡ
ȻǶóƷ״̬϶͸֧ʲôܳãǽֻô̵ʱڣͶôֲɱˣóƷȥЩ˻治ûǳƷĶ֣Ƭ֮ͱƷɱˡ
ǻһͷɵ죬ɫƬķݸոշɵƷͱһմ͸
ͣ
һͷձ޴£ͱƷɽͼ֮С
ȥǾʹҵʬ̤ȥɣ
Ʒ࣬ǿ֮еʹ࣬ȫµѪܶҪըѿⶼ¶һһѷ죬·һ˲ͻ᳹ըѿһ
Ǿʹʬ̤ȥ
ʱһ͵ʱضתһźƽض˺ѿ
أ
һ䵽˳ƷͷϵɽӶ֮ϣһͬһҵĲ
ƣ
ƷأһʱȫڵԭӴ˼µתϽ𵤵ҩѾʼ𽥵ȥˣҪ֪תϽ𵤵ҩֱӽƷĹ컯֮ϣֱӳ嵽컯۷塣
ѾǼˣҪԸҲʵҪԽޡ
ղŲϵıתϽ𵤵ҩѾ𲽵ĻӷɾѾ·ˡ
ܺ͸ղᲢۡ
Ǿʱ򣬳ƷһŹֵԣһŹԵĴ֮£ƷڵѪʼȼ
䣡
ƷڵѪȼգһɲǼ䣬ȻԭѾ·ķȻ¿ʼڿֱӳ嵽컯۷壬һͻƵһޡ

Ʒо˾ҵʹ࣬Ҳûа취ѹʹ࣬ȫѪȼգһ˺ꡣ
ʱĳƷѾʼƴˣʼȼԼҲѹ׵ĵˣΪںһַ˵꣬ʱһѾǳ˺ö౶Ҳܹȼѹ׵ĵƵĸԭ֮һ
һˣѡôһȼ͵ڱȱҪ̵Ķ࣬δв
ǶڳƷ˵ȴʵеһְ취
䣡
ƷʱսѾǲ֪ľ֮УȫȫԽ컯ĴڣоԼѾҪﵽޣȼ˳ʮȫһ
˲ȭ
ƷһָȭһѪɫֱ֮ϣ͵һһȭ˳ȥ
¡
ʶű鿪ֻһȭ֮ȻĢƣֲһУڱһС
أ
ۣ
䣡
ʱԱ߸Щ̵ĸֶһȭನ׷ױشмߣֱӾͱ顣
Ƿ׷׵˳ȥ֮˲˼飬ʲôӳƷ֮Уû뵽ֲܹ
ʱˣΪʲôƷҵˣԭƷʵȻǿһ㣬컯ûпȥʲôء
˭֪ƷƵ˼ֲֿܹ֮Ĺ
ֻһȭͽǷַӴмߵĶֱɥ
Ĺƾض
һȭûֱͣӳķȥ
䣡
һȭֱӺ䵽ĸǰǰ֪ʲôʱѾһĽ磬Ȼϰٲ㣬ֱӷǰ
Ǹûã⼫޵һȭǰһĽֽͬһ㣬ɲǼĹ򣬾Ѿ׷˺˿
أ
һȭں䵽ϣһ˸Ѫɫâڼ׸ֳҲ΢赲ôһ˲֮ͱ
䣡
һȭȥƲֱؿڶһ󶴡

ҽһˣĳԶӶݶȥղһȭǱڼ׵һ£һȭ¾ͽͳͳ飬ˡ
ʱﻹͣͬɥ֮ȮһĳԶӶݶȥ


1894 ͳͳնɱɾ
أ
أ
أ
̽ȥٵʱ򣬳ƷҲûһ׷ɱȫµ˿ѿϱѡ
Ѫ˲ͽȫʪˣ·ǸոմѪ̳һ㡣
ղһѾľȫȼʮĽѾں̫ڤ˵ĲƬʷɱ䣬ʮ㹻׷콾
꣬꣬꣡
ƷϴŴ·һ˲Ҫը鿪һ
ϣɱɱ
ʱһͷŰɫëԳŭһ˫֮˸˵Ĺâڿ˻ᣬܹƷһ򾡵Ļᡣ
Ǻεѵõ飡
֮ǰ˶벻ݣһʧƷʮ˸Ҳֵĺȥ˭֪ǲԸƷĻˣԸƷģǾѿǣƷȻһ˾ͼǴȫˡ
ղۣҪ֪ĸ˲Ժգ¶ԺյȻᱻһСС֮ӡ
֪ƷǽطȻһ衣
ǴʱѾףƷѾǿ֮ĩǿµһش֮󣬳ƷѾû˸ղŵƣϵڷٵ½͸ղȣûпɱԡ
·һֻ˺һѾһϢĳ̶ˡ

һͷԳ˻һлγһһ˲һСӭǱһ
һ˲䣬ٶӭǣͬɽһĴСճųƷ
Գ֮˸ź˵âһҪƷһǧ

һ˽һûͬǰ㣬һƷɱ
أ
һɿ𣬵͵һע⵽ˣֲһȻûκε˳ƷƷһֳֻ֮ƣȻסһ
ۣ
Ʒ³һѪһƣһѪɫöˣǰЩҪˣ˭Ҳߣ
˵ʱʱ죬ƷɽͼһץֱץöŻ¶С
ʱöŻ¶ֱӻ˹ɢ֫ٺ֮УԭѾ񱩵˺ѿϸҲһ֮£𽥻ָ
Ʒȶסˣ֮ǰ·ʱԱģ
䣡
Ʒһͬһ㼤һ˲䣬Ѿ˰Գǰ֮۳˳âϰɳն˳ȥ
ͣ
ԳԴ˳ȥѪ˲罦ȥ
Գ˫أԲŵģ컯۷ĸ֣֮жǺպɱĻʳĶλ֡
ھȻһ֮У
Ǻ޻֮ľͱƷһȥͷ­
İ
Ժ֮УֻȫȫĲģҪ֪ƷԿѾǿ֮ĩˡ
ƫƫʱ˳Ʒϣ
һԳɱ֮󣬳Ʒоڵһ֡
ƷһҧһΣֱӻһϯ˿ֱʣµ̵ֺĸ֮С
ղžͱƷնüټϸղųƷһȭ˺üʣµĻʮֱӼ֮һϡ
ʣµҲǸˣ˵ش
ȻƷ۷״̬ܺõĶȥսԭһ붼ûС
ƷֱɱЩȺ֮УͬȺһ㣬չ˷ɱ¾
͡
һ̵ĸֱƷӹԳĳһͷ­ҵķˡ
޷סͷ­ˣһƬһƬף쵽һ
ųƷеĳӭǣͬһɽһƷ̫ͬŵħһ㣬ɽɨսͷ޴ޱȵɨУЩޱɨУը˿
ϣɱȻҶ
ʱʣµʮѾˣȫѪս񣬸ֹĳųƷȥ
ʱ򣬳Ʒ֮УɽӶһӷ˳תС
Щ˸κβóƷǵĹ䵽ɽӶ֮УͳͳʧΣóƷ΢ҡһ°ˡ
ǱϾиɽӶشƷʵǿûӵʵ
ľԷ֮󣬳Ʒͷس֣ԳڳƷзӵ˼£һɨһ컯߶εĸڷ
Ƭ֮䣬Ѿɱ˸ɾ


1895 һȫ泬ԽǬԪ
ʱ򣬳ƷڼֲסˣϵϢϵĻ컯۷忪ʼ䡣
컯أ
컯أ
컯أ
컯أ
컯أ

һľµǬ֮С
꣬꣡
ƷϴŴȫµķƽĿ꣬Ǵսµƣ׼ȷ˵󲿷ֶ˼ϵģԼʵʱܲסµơ
ʱܹоڼÿһϸ˺ۣܹоȫļⶼ˿
ÿһ缡ⶼ˺ѹûһ˿һǺõġ
˵һܵĻڻѾٱϵıԵˣ˵Żʼսǿֲڡ
;ͻֱӱ˵һȭشͬɥ֮ȮһǱӴܡ
ʵϣҲδز֪ƷһΨһ£ҶģƷֶûʹóĻͻύ
Ҷ֮һĻᣬϾƷӸտʼֵʱ򣬾Ϳ˵ǽо
Ϊɽģȴ³Ϊ̽߻жУҵһΡ
űĻʳĸͻϮһܲʧҲӰˡ
˵Ʒƾնɱĸ֣
ǬԪսϲ֪ս˶꣬ɱǿߣ¼ûгƷһնɱĶࡣ
ǳƷնɱĸ컯߶Σ컯۷Ĵڡ
ĸ֣ÿһԴĻʳɹ޴вɹ޴ޱȵ˺
ڱƷͳͳնɱ컯ʮǬĸҲͬмʮټشֻ̽һγƷͿֱӷԺǬԪƽƽ
ǸʱǬԪҪڴӸ߲Ǹܵ顣
Ͼܹĸ֣ÿһΪĻʳ¹ͣͬʱʵǿ֮ͨﶼֱ̫ܵξӵġ
ʱƷǬԪĵλͿƽƽҲڱԼ鷳ˡ
һζ˵ʧ֮ҲԹģϾԸǬԪĵƣǰʹóˡ
תϽ𵤣ԳƷŸںǬԪǵСԾԵʵԺɨһǿС
һܵشѾﵽĸĵزа˿žŻ¶ӦԻָˡ
Щֵʬȫߣൽϣò˶ãͻǸʱ򣬳Ʒʵǵ˲ӭһͻͽ
Щɶ컯߶εĸֵľѪɵģȻЧͬһ㡣
ʱ䣬㹻ˣĹͻͽҪȷһʧҪ취þͻƵ컯
Ʒһһ߰⣬ڱ˵ܻܲ׵ʤȢ˼꣬޷Ǿһ᳤ֵ֧ĳɰܶѣȻҪǻûе䲻ĵز
ǶڳƷ˵ȴˣһεı䲻𣬵ܹڽİʱΪͻƵ컯ôһǿУ˵ʲô
Ȼʱ컯һξ룬ʹתϽ֮ȻܵشֻҪָôȻȻͻƵǬҲʱˡ
Ǹʱ򣬾Ѿ컯صǬԪĶ֡
Ǹʱ˭ɱ˭ȫһˣ
Ʒȵ֮״ᣬܹҵĻƷǰնɱǬԪ
ǿʵףôӲ
ǵһΣƷʵǬԪʵ˷츲صı仯ȫߵ˹
ǬԪһνֵʱǬԪ˵һֻϵ϶ѣڣӿԺǬԪһϸ£״սϳԽǬԪ
м䷢˶ٲۣƷԼˣ
ǺߵһҲǸ޹ؽҪСˣ
أʱ򣬳ƷͻȻоһļ£͵һ̧ͷȴ֮ϲ֪ʲôʱ·һʲôֲ˺˿ȻһֻԼĪѰֱ
һֻƿûʲôƣֻǼ򵥵ֱƳƷͷ­
ǾһɲǼ䣬Ʒֻоëˣָоһ׹ߵĸоֱӱĸооһӶѡ
·һεĴֱѷɣ
ֱӱĸоʮֵϤ˲˵ս֮ϣһֻͻĴֵĹҲһ޶


1896 Ʒˣ
ֲֿĹҲǴֻһƣ·ܹս½ˡ
·ǴħĹһ
һΣ˴лˣһ³ˣָо˲ըëˡ
һӾж˳һֻֿ϶ǳԼģȻôɣȻôֱˡ
뵽һӿµĿԣǾһֵֻ֮еλӦúܸߣϴս֮ûɱְ֮һε̵ľѻ
˭̵֪ľѻûɱƷԸɴֱӳˡ
ʱֻо˵ĻҲ˵ĳһϵĿֲһֱڶ
ϧ͸սǵƶ֣
Ʒ֮µһֻ֣ٶȲܿ죬ǶڳƷ˵ȴ·ӵĸо޷ͻѹơ

ƷɵҧҪһ£Ǿҵʹȫͷڿ֨֨죬·ܵ˾޴ѹһ㡣
ȫµв
۷ʱڣȫͻһԣǵزѾûа취ˡ
ʵ컯۷ĸֶûпֲֿܶѹƣΨһĿܾǳԽ컯֮ϵĿֲ֣̽ҪµĴڡ
ƴˣٲƴûлˣ
ƷһʱҪ˹ϵһֹϵһ˲䣬ȫµľѪȼ·һӸһ㣬һӳεĽơ
ǳƷ֪ƾӵĳ̶ȣԶԶģ
Ҫһ֮ѣ̶ֳȣֻȼʮǲġ
ƣ
ƷٶȴһȻ˹ϵȼһȼϰһ˲䣬·صʱ򣬻ص˸ղΪ۷ʱ򣬿Ժɨһǿе״̬
ţ޾֮У·ڳƺڳƷزܹսЩɻ
ǽţһֻϵɱԽԽŨˡ
أʱ򣬳ƷһӡʽһѪ
ƷȼѪɫѪһ˷·𶼱ˣοʼʧ˰֮С
һѪɫȻ˺ѿһֻµҪʧԭء
ߣ
һֻ͵һֱӴ͸˳ƷͬʱƷҲʧԭأʧΡ
أʱ֮ϴһ޴
ôĵӣȻҴĻʳɱˣ֣ȫûҷ
һ޴һĽ˳գֱӴ֮С
ͣ
֮УһӰֱӴУ޷ѣѪ罦˳һӰϽֻ¶˼ֹЦ֮󣬾͵շֽ˿
ûãһӰѾֳһƬǽսޱȵķŭⲻǱˣǴĻʳһˣ̫ξ
̫ξü壬ϻŷŭ飬̫ˣȻô̵ĸɱſڶ֪
ֱЦ顣
Ҫ֪ǣʱ̹עķ򣬿˵Ϊ˱ĸֳ֡
Ϊ֪ĸһ֣Ǻεȿֲƻ
˭֪϶Ƥӵ£͵͵˽ΪصĳƷɱˡ
˵ֱܴ裬൱žžžžĴƷΪڵĺ洫ôĸɵˣǷڵѹ˵ҲС
ȻǴ̫ξȴҲûеһ죬˵ĵز
˵ͿóƷҪγƷȻƷİߪҲô졣
Ǻεֻɨһʬ׶ûеսѾܹսսȫݳˡ
ƷЩսֱһ㣬ȫݳ
ǰ·˳ƷЩսӰҲ¶˾ȵ飬֪ƷôģЩսȻֳƻĺأһɽΪƽأǺʣǿճ־õĲȻĻķӦٶȣ㹻Ӧġ
һɱֳµѪǱնɱ컯־Ͳ֪ж١
ƷȻѾزˣ
̫ξоοԼûпˣƷȷʵǱǷǬԪǬԪʤһǸʹľţȻͱɱ
Ҳû뵽϶ֶԳƷɱȻزǲݡ
ֻǧǧշĵֻһƷֱӱɱʧ޷


1897 Ȼ
ȻУҲƷնɱǬ컯߶εĸ֡
Щ˼ûгƷһҪȻѰѾ󹦣ȻزͲֻһսʤʮƤգһ¡
עǹҵδĴУֺ۹ⶼǷͬѰںһһصĵʧ
ڵģɱһţһŵְɣ
̫ξޱȵĮ·𿴵һ˫۾Ǹ϶֡
ղűնɱǸֻһѣı岢δϾǴĻʳ
һǰôпܱԶزȥˡ
Ĵ׷գһ䣬Ƕҡ崫еĴ¡
ҲΪˣŭĴѰݡ
Ǹ϶ֲ֣ôŭϾЩ˫й˼ɣеߣεĸ֣׶Щų֣˫һ֣Խɱܾˡ
֮ǰѾֹһˣڸǿ׷ɱƷ
ѾĬϵĵߣȻҲףƷչֳʲô츳ʹ϶־Ȼ˹ǰ֡
ΣԲڶΣ
һˣŭңؽҪΪ˸ۣ
̫ξ˵λʧ֮ϡ
һϢܿ¼һĸ֮д˳԰ϣƷȻϮ֮ǰŷͺơ
ϢһʱⲻǳƷϮҪǰĸô򵥡
Ҫ֪ŷ壬ǺƿɶѾ컯ĸ֣֮ǰĴԲơ
ڴ֮ǰ˶óƷΪ콾ϵλ콾̿컯ƷƲڡ
ܹǬ۵ûа취Ѿ컯Щ콾
ϾǿǬ컯Ҳʮϡ
ͬһϵĴڡ
ֲ࣬λ콾ƿ˴󾳽ı֮Ϊٽһ
ʱһ֮һս֮УƷݺݴ֮ǰЩ˵
컯ΣôǴôǴ򣬸Ѷȡ
ս֮УƷǺĻˣ˶ɵ˶ԳƷۡ
콾ϳƷߴǰʮڿûдƷĹԲû콾̿컯ʱʧɫ
෴ģʱͷųǰδеĹʣֱЩǰе콾
Ȼ˴˾̾Ϣ֮лعȴһϢ˳
ƷȻˣ
Ϣոմ˶ȫȫĲţҪ֪ŸոմƷ԰ϣɱķѹȺۡ
ûȥ죬ôܾʹƷѾϢһǼϢ
ȻʱƣϢǵûбƽϢȥ෴ĻңԽԽϢҲʱƶ¶
̳ˣ
Ϣ¶֮˶ˣǴĻʳڵ¶֣ϾƷվڡ
֮Щ˿ƷۣϣҲһ¶ġ
ڳƷµӳ̶Ȳѷɫɵģȴնɱ²ײŹ֡
ͬΪʮţҲҳеڵŭ𣬱ϾǿԷڵĽܳӣҲǵĽܳӣ໥޼ɵĳֵĽͬھ
ֵ̣һоͲͬˣ̴Ӵ֮Ϊ˶Ըģÿ궼ʺű°ߣȻ󾭹ϴԣ׵׳Ϊеˡ
֮гٲͶ˼֮⣬󲿷Ҳ˶ġ
̶Ҳֹһζ֮нܳų֣йɱ콾һŵļ¼ڹ£ƺɱ˳ƷҲͲˡ
ĻʳҲֹһεشǽ̴ı𣬵ֻҪ岻̵Ŀܲ绹ָ޷Ǿʱˡ
¶ҪĶȴҲ޿κΣΨÿһʱ䣬չ̵ж
ʱƣԽԽսϸҲ¶˳ǵԶо˾Ӫ֮󣬾͸֤ʵȷʵһ硣
ԶоȳƷòᣬ̵֮У̵С


1898 شನ
Ϣʱ򣬿ν޾ķ籩Ǻܶ൱յ˳
˱ˣҪ֪շ̩Ƕ⴫ϢĿɲһ㣬һ˿
ܿͱ˲˳仰˵ղ̲УĻʳҲ˲˽ȥض˱̩Ƕͨ
űƵĳƷòգǰԮյ䡣
Ϣһʱ˶ĬˣϾǣ̺̱壬˵һֱǴĻʳڲĽɡ
йϵǴ˵ˡ
ĻʳԴ˴ǲϢ̶ֻ֣𾪳ҰǱǣ˼飬һʱ䣬ɽ¥
Ȼʱ䣬̫ξԷָļ
ʱ䣬ʮСңйأ˳ϲйأ
ЩҵĳԱҪh³ԱһնУ˵һɷĿ󳡣ʮڣá
һʱ䣬νȷѪ꣬Ϣţ¸ǣ˻ǬԪ
ϾųƷ֮ҿĻǬԪ֮ĶԹܹô˳ķ̩ǵϢ˶ɣǬԪйء
ǿҲѱһƽϢ˴£࿴ǬԪ˳۵˲ɵôΪʧ
ҲǬԪһӰ
ⲻֻǿͷˣ漴̫ξָĳشפͻϮ˸̵פء
̶ʱ䣬ʮ̵ķ̳ƣ𣬲д󲿷ֵķ̳Ѿȥ¥գƺѾԤϵ˴Ļʳı
Ǽˣʮ̵ķ̳٣˵Ҳһش
鵽йϵĵشСȫ鴦ڴĻʳڵ˵һҹ֮䵹˼ʮꡣ
Ļʳ¿Ŵ̫ξж˭Ҳ֪ʲôԭǵô̫ξȻŭ׼ȷ˵ǵõһˣ̫ξŭ
Ͼֻһ콾ϵ콾ѣ˵Ҳˡ
ܿ죬иϢ֪ԭ֮һйأǸﲻ棬ԶԳƷ֣ŭ˴̫ξ
ͬʱҲмֺ棬ƷʲôȻܹĴﲻ棬ĬԳ֡
ΣûκˣϾƷѾˡ
һ飬˿ۻң콾ϳƷ䣬ٵ̫ξŭĳ͢𾪣̱ش˼ʮ꣬Ļʳڶұǣ볬ʮˣ˵һǰδеĴƽ١
һеˣǳƷ
Ȼˣڣ˶ֻò˼顣
ƷڷڳôǿƣֱӻڶҶֻڵһ֮¡
˵ΪһĺôƳˡ
˶ܹоڵնˣ˳ƷزѾӰˡ
Ҫ֪ƷڷͬΪٵӵһʼţǺһ飬ˣӦġ
ȻҲ̫ξ˶ŭ
콾ϣƷֶĨȥˣƺҲ֤ʲô
Ǿþ޵Ҳվǹôྪž޵һ㣬˰;С
νЦЦã츳жôľžޣߵ󣬶ûκ塣
ʱĻʳʶ֮ڡ
УǬԪλ֮ϣϲɫĿǰһʿģӡ
ǰΪ£ǬԪʵ
ǰʿĶţ˫֮˸ǻ۵⡣
ߺүЩ飬ûǲҪһֱĺãһΣԳְĨȥ˺ۼ´ˣʿڵȻҲ֤ݣ̫ξ˵ѹҲҪ֤ݣֻҪлɣкɣ͹ˣ
ᵽ˴̫ξǬԪҲɵñˣΪҲڴ̫ξǰͷ
˵̫ӵ£̫ξҲòͷʵʵľһˣ̫ӵҪȡλȻҪ̫ξ֧֡
һε飬ȻѾ̫ξܲˣҪ̫ӵ³Ĩȥеĺۼѹһɰֻǣ
뵽ǬԪҲɵ亹졣
̫ӵδؽǻүҲȻǳ׸󳼣һ˷֣Իǰ֮£ϣүأʿǬԪ


1899 
ǬԪһݣȻóĿɽ̫ӵѾʮֲˡ
Ͼ̫ӵûͻδĻʳ̺年ᣬǴɡ
ǬԪڣϾһĸ֮ȻðһգǶ˵һжֵõġ
Ҳ֪ʲôʱʼƷѾ޹ؽҪСආеĸ󻼡
ǵ˵˳ƷܹŷͺƵʱȻԼʵǷǳģƷԲĶ֡
óƷɳȥԶɾ޴в֪ʲôʱʼȻʼ˼ֵġ
ȻݵĿǰ㲻ʲôȷʵѾĸ֮
ŻĬ飬Ϊ飬Ҳ˺ܴĴۣЩǣļ壬ܶҲͶкܳʱҺţȫˡ
Щ׷Ҳ˲СĲϾʱֻܱûܹ̹Ȼܡ
Ͼһһһ壬˵Ϊ˼壬ΪţŶô˵Ҳͺˡ
ϾЩ׷׷ԭ򲻹Ϊ׷һԶǰ̶ѡ
ǾЩֵõģϾֻҪƷˣһĸ֮δҲʱʱ̵̿ĳƷķˡ
ȥ̫ӵ£˷ҳ֣ΪԼҲΪ̫ӵµĴҵǬԪڳҪΪ˼˭Ȣ˼꣬˭пܻó֧֣ǳƷ˵˼δȻʵֵһᣬĴڳ˱
˷Ҫó֧֣Բܳκ⣡ǬԪ˵ն֮ͬԺͳƷУԭ򣬻Ϊ֮£ҲΪ̫ӵµҵ
ˣһ̫ӵתүĻģû飬Ҿȸˣʿڵ
ͣ
ͷһ֦ڳƷ֮ڴĻʳֵķз֮ʣңԶ޼ʵĶ֮ϣһ޴󺣵ϷһѪ˸һӰѾ˺֮ϡ
˻Ѫ͸ϼ⿪ѣ·һɾ޴ѹţҪ
ۣ
һѪ˳ֱӺݺ䵽˵ϣͬײһ˼ʮɸߵĳˡ
ϸһȴǳƷ˭ء
ӳˣƷʱԺ֮һƬհףΨһͷӳ
ܹоҵʹ·ǧѳϺҵĿһ
΢һָܹоҵʹȫĹͷ֪Թ˶ٸ̷תϽ֮󣬶屾Դ˺Ѿʮ־ˣټϺȼǿһǸʱѾٱıԵ
͸˵⵽˵Ŀֲһ㽫մıɢ
Ҫؼʱȼϰʹó˽ɵѪľҪܶܲˡ
һջ񼫴һս̷תϽ֮ڵľٶȱһȦͬʱ컯˸ε˽⡣
δҪͻƵ컯ͱ֮ǰҪ̫ˣĴҲܴһսùⲻ˵ͺķϡ
ҲͿھ߱˲̫ڤ˵ʣ೤Ļ൱ѾҪˣеǱҲĴˡ
ڣܹĵ
ƷǿžҵʹɽͼֱӽһƿʣµľŻ¶ȫ˳ȥ
Ѿоȫڱϸ濪ʼһһıһʵֲ̫ˣϾ̫⣬̫ǿֻһƾҪ
ǼˣҲѾڱˣʱһתʼվŻ¶ҩһͬʱҲ˹ˡ
˫֮£ϼҪڵõȹ̣ڽһĶȥ
ҪתȴҲûô򵥣һƾۻѾ˵ĸˡ
˾Ż¶֮󣬳Ʒϱ˿Ѿ𽥵ĺתѾܹˡ
ϲɵ¶˼ֿЦһον㲻㣬һж㵽ˣʵҲԤϵǰ㣬ȻԷĵƲǱƷȫֻʣ̽ߡ
Ψһû㵽ľĴȻ᲻һеҪ
˭һҼˣһ죬ͳͳҪƷ֮Ĺâһóŵ˱ȳƷǰѾ׵׵Ĵ˳Ʒۡ
ɱ֮


1900 Ǭ۷壬
һµʱ䣬գۼţ֮ɽУһɽɽſڲһһĽ硣
ڽ֮Уȴǿһˣ·һһ˵Ķһ
ɽͼڣƷ۾һµʱ䣬ˡ
ʣµľŻ¶ѾȫˣӴҩڽӱٱվ֮и˻
ʱĸоóƷɵõսľ
˵һΣǵʱƴһȼϰֻ¾ڵˡ
ڣѾָ˹ˣŻ¶ÿһöǳ󣬶ʥҩȫ²ǿóƷ룬֪ܵжôء
лǿǿĻָ
ƷʱһǰȣҲһģ֪Ʒȷʵޱȵ೤
ƵĻָʵҲ˳µͻƵǬأֱӴﵽǬ۷壬ֻ벽ܹǬء
ϾתϽ𵤣ǾŻ¶ܹĵҩ
ȫָ֮󣬾˳µͻƵǬء
̫أ˹ҩһͻƵǬҲ⡣
»ָ۷ֻ֮оȫǰδеǿǬԪվǰƷֱӺɱ
վ֮Уǿģ
컯صĸҲκβˡ
º־ڱصã콾ϵ콾Ǹû콾ϼصνţͳͳ޾塣
Ķ֣
Ȼʣµʱ֮УЩſ϶ΪҲͣͲǰȻиһͻƣĽֻ
תͷԶıҩɽϣϣö˸ŽεĹâ
棬һѵڻɢǿϢʬ׶棬޷
ЩƷնɱǬ컯ĸ֣ǸԾ֮еٮٮߡ
ѪӴ󣬼ƴҲڶʱܹ꣬ŪһѵʯпڶʱڽЩѪͳͳſܳ졣
Ǹʱ֧֣ΪͻƸѣڰڿ컯
Ǹʱʵǵλȫر
ڴĻʳ컯һ漶ͬǬǬֻǿ˸ֵ֮У岻ͬն
ʱˣ
ƷһѾɽͼ֮Уһɽ֮Уֽɽڸֽ糷ȥ
ĵ˳ƷϣһֻȻĸоѾ̫õʱûм̫ˣټִӹŹһȦо·˵ڶһ
ֱӷ˸߿գһֱڣһʱ۲ɢ˳ȥʱȫòС
Բǧһ͵ĵˣ֮ϣȺɽ룬ɽִʯᾣȫһȻ
ɽ֮һÿò㶼ϰɸߣգɽ֪޵˻Ҳǻص֮С
ԶǺ죬ʮ־ˣͬХһ㣬츲صϯ
֮УּľѾɳͺХˣȴΪѰ
ɴˣƷͿжϳֻһѾԶݴ½ˣϾڿݴ½ĵط˶ƽȣô˵ĺˡ
ÿĴڵϵʱ򣬶¡¡·춼Ҫˢһ
Уݴ½Χ麣б⣬ͬѩ磬ӦòǱϺ¼ߣ˹￴ҲǾֻһֿˣǶˣƷˡ硷Ȿļء
ݵΧһƬ޴ĺΧݴ½ֱǱϺ
ճƷжϣӦǵ˶ĵؽˣ֮ǰʩչѪһܹݳȼϰ֮ǲ֪ƽ٣ƷԼҲ֪׶ݵ
ټ֮ǰһæŻָʵйȥЩһֱڣŶԼڵλжϡ
ڽĻҪ뷵ݺףڿҲǵ˶Ҫ뷵أȻûôˡ
һƬȫͬ½磬˵½֮У¼ļǿ֮µĻôɢǵ¡
ݻ첻ȥаħɢ޶붫ܴ֮ĻʳĴ


1901 ޹Ⱥ
ɢޣа
ԴĻʳĹҲûа취չĺ֮ϣڽĻʳĽݺ˷ǵȴǴĻʳ޷ƿص
˵½ϵ֡
Ʒһ̤һ˸Ѿ˺֮ϣĿɨһܣ޾ӿˣ涫ϱ
Ʒ۾ܿ͸Ӧڱ̩µ󷨵ϢȻԶǳƷǿӦϢ
˷֮ʣµͺðˣ
أʱһѪڴľ֮͵һ˳ֱӳųƷҧ˹ȥ

һѪҧƷҲҧȥˣ·ҧʲôʯһ㡣
Ʒһȫ±һĽâֱӾͽѪնϡãͬʱһֻץֱӽһͷץȻһͷ͵ޣͬһСɽһӴ
һͷޣȫ±鲼ż̹ǼףͬʱΪ׶ֻʱ򱻳ƷץסֱƷɨϡãʱƴ
пӵùƷĹֻһӾͽһͷ޴ޱȵĹ˺ѳ룬Ĳˡ
һͷǬޣһСˣѰ޶Ƕ֣ϧ˳ƷǳƷĶ֡
Ҳû뵽⺣е޾Ȼ˴󵨣ڰ֮оȻҧ
أƷһʱ⣬˸ӡһӶˮУʩչĵȻǱˮȻΪ֮ͨͨ󣬻ˮȥǵУվûбˮķ硣
ˮ֮󣬳ƷɨһܣǺһƬ⣬ֻɨ˳ȥſõΧΡ
ͷ޴޵ӰݷУȻ
Щ޲ϵºˮеƷ޲ϵ̵һһʯȻʯеͳͳɽ֮С
Щ޺ʿһһǻۿֻʿͬʿҪרŵĴУЩѪ̺֮еĹ¶ҲУȻȻľܹеΪľ硣
ȣǵǻվûôߣҪеһ̶֮󣬲ܹϣӵкǻۣҲǸˡ
ʯãҪʯ
ƷɨһۣЩ׺ݵĺޣƺ˳ƷĴڣ׷׽һ˫˫׺ݵ˫ɨ˹
Ʒ˸ӡϢЩޱɨûа취̽鵽Ʒ
ޱȺڰĵطɨ⿿۾Ҳǿġ
ƷʼжΪѼܹ߻õʯֱһ֣һͷ޹һͷ޹겻ϺĺˮγղϯƷľ޹껹ҪˣѾﵽǬϡ
ڳƷĳ֣һ֪
أһֻ͵һӽץ˹ȥֱץɽͼĿռ֮С
ǵһʱ䣬һͷ޹Ѿ˲ˣ˾޴ޱȵ׺ޱȵĳųƷ˹
Ʒٶȸ죬һâֱɨϰɵĽâһͷ޹ͷ­ն
Ѫ罦޴ݺ䵽˵ϣ漴ͱƷӵ֮ˣܿͱ޴ĸסˡ
ϳ֮õʮƷʯҲȻ䵽˳ƷС
Ϊ󲿷ֵƷʯһͷ޹ʹõˣʣµҲֻˣЩ޸Ҳûд뷨һƬ޾ĺ֮УǱ޾Σգÿһ춼ܻ֮УѼκβƸҪǿʵܹԱһϣЩ޵֪ѰҪ̵̫ˡ
ЩƷʯѻɽܿڳƷĿ֮£ͳͳΪ촷ۣеȫӿ˱ҩɽ֮С

ƷҡҡͷЩϧնɱЩ̺ĸϵĲƸûУ̫ˣƷʰʱ䡣
ͷһƷӰһΣͳ޾֮Уֱһͷ޹ķ˹ȥ
ƷѾˣ־޹޵ϳܹ￴־޹ޡ
ƷĶǳ죬Щ޹޸Ӧһͷһͷʧϳ֮С
ûоκһͷ޹ޣһͷһͷȥľ޹ȺѾƷһ֮˸ɾ
Ψһ۵ץ˾޹ʱȻһͷ컯ޣ΢óƷһ㾢ǺԲ


1902 ͻƣǬ
һ޹Ⱥ۵ʯȫ䵽˳ƷϣͳͳΪ˳Ʒ
߻
ƾһ޹ȺĻۻƷĿתΧȺ
һӣЩȺҲˣƷֺֿݣϢЩƽҲǸУҪʳʱ򣬲Żȥж
ȺʧˣҲûκ˷֣Ϣ
ЩҲһһ׺ȫǬϵģڽһһʲôֻѰ
˱Ҫ׺ݵĶĳƷֱץɽͼĿռ֮УԼ췭ظҲһ˿һĲ
Ļ¹նɱѪζˡ
Щ޵ıӿǷǳġ
Ѽһµʱ֮󣬳ƷͣΪһѾȫȫĳˡ
ɽͼУҩɽڣƷĽ磬ʱһɹ˱ǶƬ֮ͳɽͼĿռ䡣
ڳˣ
Ʒˣʱǰһһ²ϵеޣǺȺѾƷ˺üǴչ˴߻ʯˡ
ƷԥĽһժɳ˱ҩɽ֮˰֮Уһöȥ
䣡
ʱƷ̾͸оһɿֲޱȵɨһӾϯ˳Ʒ֮еÿһ֮С
һĺǱܵľҪƷô鷢æһ߱պϵëףһתʼһͳͳɽ֮С
ƷоÿһϸյϹмͷ֪Ϊ֡
ڳƷоȻôһ걦Ҫ֪ûһƷΪȸô죬˵һֹ
Ʒʼתʼʼǣһɿֲ񳱳Ǭصľ硣
ԭƷѾǬ۷Ϊһ֮УƷ˲ϳȥЩ֮⣬ҲڲϵĹΪ
һµʱ䣬ĸ˵ǰδеιˣƷſʼͻơ
ȻʱڣΪͻƵģⲢǰǬĶأѾȻأеʼİԼİ֮£˾˵
컯ľ棬Ҳʮ־˵ģƵ컯˵ҲǺѷɫ
ģҲǽΪˡ
ĳ죬Ҫʱ
ջ۵ģʽҪڶʱдﵽһͻͽĳ̶ȣǸܵ顣
ݵûи͸ĵرİڴٽ֮ǰΪһ硣
ƷܹоԼԭѾЩΪȻֿʼɶžɶʼļ
һһ㣬Ʒϳ̣ͻƣ
һ㣬һ㣡
£һգ۵ʱ䣬ƷѾɽͼ֮бչһµʱ䣬ҲѾﵽͻƵĹؼ㣬Ӵ֮У޷ƣͬɽ鱩ǰһ˲䡣
ǬصҲϵĳ֮£Ѿʼѷ죬·һ˲ͻᱻơ
תһȦʼƷڵķͬɽ鱩һ׺Ǭصϡ
ƺƵ֮ƣ
Ʒ˳µͻƵǬأҲǿͻƣʱܻ侳磬෴ľͻʮֵľˣʮֵȹ̴̣սһҲľ˿Ķҡ
̫ˣ
ƷЦһȵķȻһԸ֪ٶȷŹȥ˶̶ʱ䣬ѾڳƷԭеĻ֮㷭һˡ
ҲζųƷսҲһ츲صı仯ɲһǰһ˺ü
Ʒ¶ЦݣȻÿһͻƣѰҪѵĶ࣬ҪĵԴѰġ
Щ컯޵ʬףһȥǼֵǵĺö֪һŷǶڳƷ˵ȴֻлļֵ
ĵԴѰܹġ
ǺڸĶ࣬ջҲǼÿһεͻƣսһ츲صı仯
ھǬԪҵǰҪҲѣƷ⣬˵ԭƷаܹǬԪôΪһаտնɱǬԪ


1903 ǬԪȻˣǾͱ
ȻǰǬԪʵûиı仯ǬԪʵ˸һķչƷҲоԵǬԪĶ֡
ǬԪڷٽʱ򣬳Ʒٶȸ죡
ʵͻ֮󣬳Ʒԥʼݵķȥ
֮һǳһ޴ޱȵĺ֮ϡ
ǳ֮УͷܶΪһĳУɢľͷչһС
û뵽ⶫ֮ϣȻܹһУƷһ޴ĳǳأϷ鲼ŸָĽ磬Щ赲סЩˣЩĴ򵽵֮ϡ
ڵϷһ˸ŵĹâһɫһ
Щػ죬طͬΪɢ޵ʥء
Ʒһ¡硷ᵽĹڶϢڶ֮ϣһĵ죬̵ͬ޾ĺ֮Уһĵ죬ͬһĽڵ㣬ĸ
Ʒ˶ݹ⣬˳֮С
Ʒ֣ڳ֮У˶صʿ֮⣬ȻкܶĻʳʿ֮ԳƷֱܹΪ֮ʿڳںʹĻʳѣڷεķϺʹĻʳЩֱȻ𲻴󣬵Ǹݷװķ񣬻ܹɵķֱǲǴĻʳĸ֡
ոսǳ֮УƷͷ֣Ⱥڳųǳ
ڳǳص룬һլԺǰΧʿǱʲô˹һ
һլԺҶ֮ϣ֣Ծ·ǵȥһ㡣
Χ˳۷׷ף·𿴵ʲô´½һ㡣
ǾǴĻʳһһ˻ǬԪڵô
û뵽һԶ½
˵ǬԪԵˣƺΪһϵĴж޼ɵ
ȷʵ޼ɵûҶΣǿǴĻʳĻһĵһˣûɱ˭ܳܵĻʳŭأ
۷׷ףǶɢϷ׷¶˷߷߲ƽ飬ǬԪ֮ȴδǴҡڵģٲȻ
ǬԪΪһ֮ϵĹϴжڶɢ޿Ȿ͸ǵģǬԪȴҪһ֣ȡǿǵȻܵӭ
ɢ֮ͬƣûκεǬԪֻûܹܵԴĻʳŭˡ
ǬԪȻ˶Ʒ֮顣
֪æŽʱǬԪȻԭ̤ǬԪҪԳƷҪԶ֣еǰ취ӸԳƷ
֮෴ģƷȴֻǱܣǳƷǬԪ̶ࡣ
ƷʱʶˣһûᣬһֱǬԪڰֻܱĳǬԪĸ־ɱ
ڲͬǬԪ󣬴ҡڵ˶벻ƷΪĹϵȻҲ˶
õĻᣬģ
Ʒ֮˸ƵĹâûҪֹǬԪϴеģӶʵ
뷨ֻһǳᣬһٽǬԪɵ
Ȼ˶Ǿͱˣ
ԭƷٽǬԪնɱһȫµĻͰǰƷȻ׷Ź
ǳƷҲɣ֮ǰǬԪǷкĻ̵ûпȫһǳصϢ͡
Ȼǣڱ֣пܴЧƷ֪ڴĻʳ֮У̫ξľ첨ҲܹԼ²ĵ
֪Ҫӳ飬ǬԪȻǵǹƥϾҪᴫУĻһ˭ҪҲһ
Ե˿ɲǳƷ콾ϵЩ콾ÿһֹһαԸѹԣŲȥľʹ콾ϳŹȥΪ;綼ӭһ츲صı仯
ǽҲǻ
뵽ƷȻ˸ı䣬ԭеĻ֮ϣңһ㣬һģĴֿӣҲһǵԳеһ
ȻԳ׵˳ƷϣⲢǰԳ̫෴ģǵʱĳƷ̫ǿﵽ˼ޣԽ˼ޡ
еȻӹɣѰ컯һ£Ҫشǻҷ


1904 ҵ壬ǬԪ
Ͼ컯۷µķ棬һĲ࣬ǵּĸ֣ȻΪԼŪһ
ϲŹϵķģͬһ㣬ӡɽͬӡһ֮ϡ
һŴ󿪣һȺһܼģߵĴ֮£
λǼҺүǰҲͶϵλȫµĺϵһｨڵԴռ㣬ֻҪҪģչ嵥
ܼģһ֣һŹĻǰڹĻ֮ϣгĵر嵥
嵥滹вοļ۸
˲ɵõһչĸĵرҪĲƸһ֡
֪һεĴֱʡ
ڶ֮ϣĻʳ߱ĵر˾кܶĻʳҺ壬Ŵڶ֮ϵĸ֮϶רŵԴѼ㡣
ĵرλҽרŵ˸ҵǼǣۣͯߵ˻ᵷҵĻǾͱǲˣǻҲûиŵССȰЩ˲ҪһЩԽ
˵Ĺɢһѹѹ˵ͷ
컯
˲ɵõһĹܼңȻһ컯ĸ֡
ĵ˲ɵõһ컯ĸ֣ڶ֮ϣʲôĸǼһԳưһ˵һ漶
ȻǬԪܼң治νˣٶˣǸܼҵĺЩÿһȻǬϵĸ֡
һŸվܣһ塣
֮󣬺ܿҲˣǽ̰ϣЩ֮
ڶ֮ϸǴĻʳӵɱ˶ᱦֻǵУЩɢаŷĶǴַھ޴֮£ЩգҲǷǳпܵġ
ȻҲ׼ڿ嵥֮󣬺ܿȷжԼܹ۵ģ׷׿ʼŶӽ֮
ƷʱףΪʲô۶ˣֻ»ѾϢųȥˣԾ˺ܶǰ
Ȼֲܶ޴Ļʳ쵽û˻Ǯȥ
Ĵֱɢǰ
е˼
ƷǰһĻûż֣Ϊһ֮ۡиܵһɹǿϢֹһ컯ĸС
ԲǬԪܹӵеǬԪŲǸոտ컯컯׷ߣҲôࡣ
ղŹǳƷܹ֮иܵ컯ĸ֣ͳʮϢ
͵̷ƷݵȻܱȣѾһɷǳӴˣЩǬĸ֣Ǿ͸ˡ
ǲ֪ǬԪң뵱̫йأһҶȻ
ǬԪܹΪĻʳһ֮еһĴڣһһ֣Ȼƽ
ұǾңֹһλνΪӴ
̫Ǿ͸˵ˣΪĻʳӣľͱΪ̫ӣڳв֪жˣж׷ߡ
ǬԪȣ̫ӵ²Ȼ
ƷܿˣǬԪĿǶȡһеĻ»Ҫĸһͬǰ
ЩϵĴУ˳˳ľ͵õ֡
ԳƷżų֣֮һõס
ʱƣԽԽΧγһС͵г˻ûҪԴǱ˴֮ҲѵõĻύ˴ҪĸԴ
ƷһֱԶԶļҲżŶ֣һ߹ΪһߵȴõĻᡣ
̶̼ʱ䣬ƷͿֽԽԽĸָ󣬳Ʒһ֧ǧ˵ľ񲿶Ӻӹ
ǴĻʳľӣӦҵ˽һ֧˽ʮֵľȻȲϱƷ㾡ȫչԶҲѵһľ񲿶ˡ
ЩҲã˽ҲãҲû˿أ෴ģʮֵĸߵ˶֪һ
ǶԴٲеˣֻҲҵĿģҪ嶫֮еĸЩա
ԽԽߵΧ̽ӰҲԽԽ࣬ڵһ죬һϢڳдǬԪ١


1905 ӿ¿Ļ
ϢһǶˣʱ˸ߵøĺɢҲ֪ˣĻʳһһ֣ǬԪҪԼٶ
ڣڵˣ˵ĿʱҲŻ˹
ˣôųһûأ
ʲôֵģϾһһ֣콾һĴ
ĻδضǴĻʳľͷ֮һпܳΪδĴ̫ξҲһ
˵ִ֧̫ӣǴ̫ӳɹǻʱһһΪ̫ξҲǷǳпܵ飡
۷׷ףΧ̽ĸ̽ҲԽԽ࣬ǰϢǬԪ˴ǰΪ˶ȡһڶ֮ϵĹϴС
˿ûʲôϡģЩҪٳɳȻûʵʵİͰУÿһǿԽʽķչ
Ȼٲ˸ָ
ȻǬԪǱҺ͵̫ӣȻǿѹͷߣﱾǲĻʳĺɢ޵ľۼء
˶һеҲҪռ˵ҲھۼС
ʱڵҪֳµʱˣ
ʱ֮ڣոյǬԪͣľټǰ͸ĸ֡
ȻЩ֮вʵǬԪ֮ϣʱȴǬԪհΪġ
ô£ΪʲôϢй¶ȥǬԪɨһ˵
ʱǸܼǰһ˵ǸгʱֳĴ󣬵õϢҲֹһң˰нϢ˳ȥҪһˮʱûˮ㣡
ΪסˣǲŴĵĽϢȥʱӦܹס󲿷ֵĻ֮ͽǹܼҽеԭί渵
ߣҪҵıˣҪǬԪıˣҵҪûôõڣ
ǬԪһһβǴҵ֣̫ӵ½һЩ֡
ҲνãҪڶ֮㣬ٲҪЩӬӪ֮ײһҲǿҵʵʡԺ֪ôҵ鷳ǬԪ˵
ǳǻ֮⣬ϵĵӵܣһҵļȻҪվҵĽǶΪҿǡ
ڴĻʳ֮УѾȮ۸ӣҪҪʲô棬ҪȺǵĿжȻûôס
֮챦в֪ǰµĴУνһı⣬ڶ֮ϣȴûһܹһͳµ˷һδĴŮء
Щ꣬ԽԽĴĻʳĿͶ˶
Ҳ⣡
ڶɢ˵Ȼ֪˶Դ˲ֻһ֮ͱ
ҲĽᣬЩķԣ֮ͳͳɨɾΪҽפ̵档
֪Ҳ½ɵĺãļ̳֮λȻǸȹ̣һʧˣͿܶɴȻǶĸ˵ȻǱҪá
һεĴУ־ڱصãǬԪɨһ˵һεĴйϵһжʧżһ˭ҵǵǰɱ񣬷ɱ𣡡
УҪֻһ飬ڳȡʤΪ̫ӵ»ó֧֣Ȣ˭ġ
컯ԭ߱ҲͲˣ˵Ҳ߱һѹδе֮ΪͻٶȽ˦
ҪԾǿʵˣһԶʲôèܹġ
ǣ
֮ڣӦŵûΪǬԪǺͲӣǶǵΪѾﵽ˼ޣδһĸʷǳСǬԪͬȻǻһЩֻò˶ãͻ᳹׵׵ĳԽǡ
һֱڹעĳƷҲһʱ͵õϢ
ûֻǾĵȴᣡ
ڶһ磬Ŀ֮£ǬԪһֲǧҾ˽ڿնȥȥ
ƷֻһӡһĹâ䵽һ˽ϣȻҲǾ񣬵ԳƷʵҪֽôܹ֪ĳ
Ʒ۾ֽܹ֪ŵ˽Ĵ·Ҳͷˣܿͷ֣˽ֽŵ˻ֻһ
е˼һ˵ģԶֹһƷЦһȴûϸϣ෴ģĿɨλڳǳзش֮˸˵Ĺâ


1906 ľҵ
ȷǬԪһĸѾ뿪ǧ֮󣬳Ʒſʼж
磬𣡡
ƷһӡΧĿռһ󲨶Ƭ֮䣬Ȼγһ޴Ľ磬ΧС
һʣϾڸֵע⣬һŭ
ʲôˣ
ôĵӣ

ʱǵĹע㣬ʱıʣʣ˶ˡ
˶ˣ
ɨ˹ʱֻһңĸߴһӳֵһͷ˹
ٶʵ죬Ƭ֮䣬Ѿǰ
ʱǰѾӰֳҵĸ֣ȻǬԪȥǸϴеĸв٣ʣµҲвٵĸ֣һ֡
Ϊ׵һˣǸܼߡ
¾ʲôˣѵҪԣܼޱأΪƷǵǹƥǰ
Ϊڹǰ鷳ˣǷӣ̣ʣƷַӣǾֻһֿˣƷ̡
ʲôܵġ
˵Ļʹһ
ܼ˵֮ǰǬԪ뿪֮ǰҲԸЩֵܳǿУҪǿӲ̬ȥŲСҡ
ҲǱ֮ĳͻõİ취
һƷЦЦ˵սеҲûĿģ٣ǵʯиĵرҽĻͱҲˣ
٣Ǹܼ߶ʱƷĻˣȻ˸ĿҵزٲȻҷȻҴٵҵͷϡ
ôĵӣ浱ôʱҵĹܼѾ̲סŭա
Զս˸ǾޱȺȻƷĵӼֱһĴ󣬾ȻҴ⵽ҵϡ
ĸ֮У̬ޱȸߵ֮˳۵˲֪ǸҶֵȴûм˵ֱӴҪˡ
һô˼治֪
ƷͶ䣬һм˵
Ʒһ˵ţһֱ߽֮С
ʱµǰһ̾ͽƷΧ
˶֪ңû³ʱǸܼһ˷ʮǿӰ׷׳ųƷԼֲĹ
ƨھҪ״ľҵƷЦһЩһ㳯ųƷϯ˹ǳƷһۣ趯еɲǼ䣬ֱӾͽЩһҳޣɢ˰֮С
أ
һҵǬӦֱӾͱһҵԴըѣ˲
һ֮󣬳ƷҲûͣ˼漴һɨ
䣡
𶯣һɿֲıըŰһ֮£Щ˹Ǭĸֶػ׷⵽ش˳ȥ
һֱɨɵЩ˹Ǭ֣ҪֵڶΣԶЩսĸĸֿһĻɵ÷׷׵һ
ֱͬ˹һ
Ҫ֪ǿǬĸ֣κһ֮УмˣЩҵǬ֣˶Ǭ֮еĸ֣컯Ƕ֣ôɵ󷨣ҲԶԿһӡ
֮ң
ȫȻסƷһҲ˲ɵ÷׷ɻ֮ʲôʱһùĸ֡
Ժ֮мϾùֵ֣Ƕûһܺǰ˶ԵϺŵġ
ϾΪﵽӵĳ̶ȣܼ
֮ϣɢ֮ԶԶȴĻʳҪңҪﰲе컯Ǽǲܵ顣
ѵǴطģ˵Ժ֮вɵðôͷǶ˸ҵ鷳ǻϲּġ
ǿҪѹͷߣĴ治ˡ
˴ţǵ⡣
ããã㾹Ȼɱҵˣϵ¶֮أ
ܼ߼ǱƷ̣Ҳ֪ƷǴĶðģȻҺԡ
ҵӣǺ޲ҪҲҡ
ǿǴĻʳϺŵľҡ
źүڣȵүҿ㻹ӵ
ܼŭǻӦ˾ֻһ޴Ķ
ž


1907 Ŵ
ĿɿڴĿǰһĻȴȻǳƷݺһ˦Ǹܼߵϡ
Ǹߵϸǿķ֣УǼһ˲ͱֱӴıˣȻһƺ˦Ǹܼߵϡ
Ѫɣݶ˺üţǸֱܼӱˣɵˣǱðǣѪ
ľңľǬԪǬԪʲô˱ôһһүƷЦЦ˵
ƺһƴ±ˣҶԸҵв٣ô̤ҵϵ˿»Ƿëǡ
һ˳ޣ򲻻ĻȻЩƴԡ
֪ĶùĸȻͲңЩҵ˼ҪңҪҵ
ôԵ
ǲ֪ƷǬԪֹ֮ô򵥣
ǬԪԳƷվα
ҲˣƷľҵ
˸˳Ʒ˼˶ǳɵǬԪƷƺϣܹһһǬԪ
Ҳ˶ڳƷһֹĿ࿴ĸоֻ֪˵󻰶ѣȷʵı¡
Ҫ֪ǬԪȻǺȻһʵѾ컯콾һѰ۶컯ֻҪѲ
սһ㶼Զ磬ҪǣЩ˶Ǹı񣬸ѻš
ĵرƣǲҪǮһЩ˵ϡ
ΪЩ콾ҪߣҪɱǣȴȻҪһٱ
ͬƷվ֮еĴּĸԳ֣վǱˡ
˼㲻ƷһŽһţҲܱѰͬĸҪǿ̫ˡ
ֻоƷֻ˵󻰶ѡ
㾹Ȼңϵ£֮أǸܼŭգס
ϾͷӦ˹ɲǼ䣬ѾˣֱӺɨһֻħצħɭɭֱӽȾһƬ͵һӳųƷץ˹
ޣԭһħͷ
ƷܼߣֻЦһ
ܼ߸ղһֱ֣û֪еʲô书ڣһȫ¶˳
ܼ߾ȻһħͷħҲ֪жˡ
֮ˣҲ׷ˣǵȻףҵݵλȻҪȥħ֣ϾħأĴУһȻǾ󰸡
Ǿֻһˣܼ߱ħ֮еһħͷҽ֮ʵʵĸܼҡ
ųȷʵ
һ컯ħͷΪãҲΨдĻʳɰٴĵطпܷ
һδ£Ʒе趯ʱɲǼ䣬ۡʼҡ
һɨ£һֻ޴ħצձըˣѪɳ

Ǹܼ߲ҽһˣһֱֻըˣѪ죬׹ɭɭ
֮˸ž飬ΪԲ컯ֻ꣬ǳ֮󣬱סΪûиһͻƣǼˣҲԲˡ
ȴƷһҵըˡ
֮˸ԹĿ⣬ޱ׺ݣ¶˵Ϊһħͷ׺ģ
ž
ûзӦȴƷֱۣ͵һһƳ˳ȥ鷭ڵء
һĶһҽֱܼ֮߱һƳ鷭ڵأȫĹͷ֪˶ٸֱӴ۵ķ
߱컯ʵԳƷʱ򣬷·һӾʧȥãûκô
ֱһƾͽĹɢ
㲻ҪţȺүһֻɱ㣡
ܼҧгݣĿݵĿųƷ޲ýƷʬΡ
֪ļһ﾿ǴĶģ޾ҵڻЩǬԪ
ֱЩţȴޱȵԹĿųƷ
˵ɣصƷЦһһֱֻӼ̤ȥŸȵ̮ȥ
Ѫɽ˳ǳƷܿҪܵشȴֲڱֱһŲϾõġ
֮ǰѾԽסӵóȥ
ۣ
ǸܼһѪ˳ȫĹͷ֪˶ٸҽ


1908 µı
ֻȫͷѣһħͷ־߶һ£ǳƷһ֮͸ķǻ˿ֲķģֱӿ֮УҪ궼˺˿ԲŻħͷԲסҽ
ÿµʵֱɲ⣬Ƕ֮ʲôʱôһˣ
˿һĻɵõһ·˹һĿųƷҲܹز
Ǹܼߵʵʵʵ컯ĸ֣ΪܹͳƷսһҲܹսˣ˭֪ոտʼͲҰˡ
Ʒ޿ʵֱѹǸܼߡ
ڵڣľսǣǶ㲻Ʒﵽʲôʵ
ΪĿǰûܹóƷȫ֣΢涼
Ҷҵſڴ¾ºҪѣҲҲݵ׷ɱˣ
ҪҲֳܹ裬͸ûнҷ
òĽҵĲƸϴһհɣ
ҿɲֹʵǿǴĻʳ֮еľңޱ񣬲ȻҲǬԪˡ
۷׷ףձ鶼ΪƷѾǷˣȻһʲƸʮ־ˣ˶ߣҲÿԼû̵ܹȥ
ս֮󣬲ʤΣұȻǷһķ׷ɱƷ󣬵ƴѰҵĻҲûôѡ
û˵ôѹǬԪģҿǺǬԪʲôԹڷˣ
۷׷ףһĻȻʮֵĻ𱬣ԽԽۼ˹һǳ֮УֻΪߵ͵֣ȴûбϵ𣬻϶ߡ
ǸҪҲͬһ㡣
˶ɵսȭͷʲôʱôˡ
˵Ǹܵ顣
ڴĻʳ֮УʲôʱǱ𾴵ĴڣЩǬԪļҽ׷ߣĸȥ棬νǰƷ٣˵ľһˡ
ֻ۸ˣû˸ôġ
үôȵүҪ뽫Ƥ
ڸϵϺү֮ۡжԽסˣܹ磬򲻿ܽϢȥԴɥ˵
ȻǸղžԹҪ磬Ƕûܴ磬ĻͽϢȥˡ
﷢ô飬ڳڵҲὫϢȥģүò˶þͻַأǸʱˣ
˲ǰֻԷ߷ߵųƷ޲ýʬΡ
Ƕ޲óƷȥʱ򱻸ϻǬԪţɶļһնɱ
ҵˣҲֻôһˡ
Ƕо衣
ƷƺҲǵ뷨һܼ߸˵ɴֱһŽͷ­ȱܼߺʬߣֱȥ
ЩҲãҲãʱǰǶôҳϣ֪£ȴԥˡ
ҸĴٺãվҲҪȥС
Ʒһ·ǰɢͶУܿѾȷһ֮иڡ
ڶ֮ϵƸͶһ֮УƷһ֣̾ܽھȵ
ʵڶʱʵͻͽԾǨ
޺Ʋҹݲʣ

أʱɨ˳ŰһĵӰֱӳ˳Ʒǰ
ĸͬһ㣬ֱס˳Ʒ
Ʒ֮Ѿ׸ˣĸ˵ǰȻͬСһ㣬ĸ˵볬ףͬĴһ㡣
ֱס˳Ʒȥ·ĸ˽ƷŰΧסγһС͵󷨣˲䣬Ʒ͸оһѹֱѹ
Ϊģת
С󣡡
ƷЦſĸˣ˵ʵǸܼ֮ϣ컯صľ磬ָγһΪСսսΪŦ˵սΪһ塣
۴ĸͻΧĸ֣˵һ˵ǾԶˣǾ޼Ҳ޷Сѡ
ɣԾԵʵƿ󷨣Ψһİ취
ԽǼ򵥵󷨣ԽǼ̣ҲԽСԽǲöԸ
Ҫ־ܣҪҵȽֽŴ֮ٽ£һͬһ׳ĮĿųƷ֮дɱ⡣


1909 һһһ
ĸôһģһ˾ʵΪǿĸһ׳ȻĲࡣ
ȴΪİ̥𾪣Ͼİ̥ȻȴҲǿ
ǺȻǣİ̥Ȼܹ컯һͷľ硣
ϡ֮£
ˣ˵ǬԪνĽһ˵˵ܹǿе׷ɱǬԪȣԾͶǬԪ£
Ҳ˵ĽͶǬԪ֮󣬾ͺٳ֣û뵽ܹǣ
˿ֲ˺ˣĽÿһʵΪֲο˻һϻ󷨣㾳ǻҪߣҲδκεǣ
۷׷ףƺĽ˽⣬֪ࡣ
ϣɱȻȱǶûкùӳԣ
ʱһ˳лһۣʳڡ
Ǭأ
ȻԶ콾ĵز֮ͬУʣѾٮٮ֮еٮٮˡ
Ľһ꣬ûᣬǵĸָ߰ӲǣȻǬԪıܣȫͬĸ
ǬԪȹǣҲڵʱշ
źƣҵֵ£Ҫ㽻ʱĽ֮еϴɨһź˵Ϊ컯ľͷȻԼĽ
ΪźƵԣ֮˼飬Ǻܿ콫Ŀ⿴˳Ʒ
֣
һ֮˼ͬʱˣС˲Ʒʱоһѹǵض
˶컯صľ磬ʵ԰Ⱥۣ֮ĸһĴ͵ĳĸӡ˷ųƷ
Ʒ˿ͬһ㣬һơ
¡
Ʒվλֱӱ˱ըĢƣ˳֣գž˵
ǵ˵ɨŷ֣Ģ֮еĳƷ˿½Ƕû˿ı仯γ˷֣ػС
ĽĹ޷ҡƷֺ
Ľˣ浽ˣ
ƷЦһĽνǿټֲµС󣬼˵Ѱ컯صĸֱһشǺɱǷǳпܵġ
ǳƷȴͬǿѾԽѰܹļޣսѾԽ컯صļޣ޽ӽ컯ء
Ĺûа취κε˳Ʒ
ˣƷ趯еʱͬ趯˷ƣֲĿϯ˿һ˵Ĺâǰȥ
ã
ʱǸڳƷǰĽ֮һĸ˲ֻо׹ߣһëȻĸоֱͷ
ָо·ͬһͷľһĿ£
ôô£
Ҳ֪ΪʲôôµĸоһӴ
֣ƴˣ
̾͵СǰֱӷӿһĽ磬ӹֱת˷õĽ硣
أ
Ʒȥһһ˲ͽķ飬Сһҵķ飬һɫĿ񳱡
䣡
ը˿һ˳ֱȥ
أ
һֱ£Ľ֮һĸֵ˳ȥ
˿Ľ֮һĸؿըѿѪ罦˳Ĺͷ֪˶٣Ѿɷ顣
ֱӲ
ĵܣ
ʣµĽʱ˱İ̥һ̤֮ͬ·һͬ컯һϰ꣬ڿĵԼǰʱ׷ĿѣĿ֮з·ҪѪᡣ
һ
ƷЦһѰ˿Ľǿ˵ȴʲô
ûСıǰһ
ɱΪĵܱ𣡡
ʣµĽĿᣬɲǼ䱬ˣֲϢۡڵĿռ䡣
˼Ƕһ£ֱӳųƷ˹ȥͬɽͻһ㣬ԺĹ
ȻûС󣬵ԶĬɵС󣬽˵ʵӵ˼¡
䣡
һ˲䣬ղһ޶Ʒɨâ֮󷨶˺ѿֱӻΪС
أ
һĽ֮һƷֱɨУ˳ȥݺˤ˵ϣͼһ£Ǹûκôֻһ£Ȼը鿪ȴԭղųƷһҵȫ±鲼ƣͬ֩һģΪֲ
һĽ
ֻһˣ


1910 Ľ
һ̫ˣٶ̫ˣ
һڿˮ˵ǻڳƷղһĽ֮С
ȻڣǻһƷѸײڶ֮һ
ٶ̫ˣ쵽ǶоȻĵز
ӦԺյĽѾˡ
ԳƷʱ򣬸Ƕ֣
˫ʵһĿȻ
˵Ǻηʥ飬ȥ飬һ﾿ʲôͷ
ȥ˵ϻң
ˣҲԸҾÿ£һ˵һأ
һʱ䣬иˣ˵ĵһӦҪƷͷ
ԭǸƷֻһ֪ߵغ֮ˣڶ֮ϣ֪ж٣Ǻܿ伣ˡ
ǿƷӦҲǲĲǣ˭룬ƷֳʵȴǶΪ֮ԶԶѰ컯ˮ׼
岻֮ˣһСģܻᷴԼɲǲں
ʱڸ֮ۡУʣµĽ˫ͨ죬û˶£෴ģŭ֮£Ǹ˲ô࣬ʯ֮䣬ͳųƷɱ˹
ֵܵѾ׵׵Ƿˡ
ǵĽûʲôֱĽܹ֮ӳʵҲԭһء

Ʒ͵ֱۣһ˦˳ȥ
һĽУͷ­ը˿ѪŰɫԽըѿ
ѹʲôѹѹ
Ǻ޹˼ɵĺɨƷʵҲԶԶǵ֮ϡ
һĽʱҲѾôƴȫһܹ䵽ƷɽϣһڳնڳƷϣȻնһײֱӱŽѤõĻ𻨡
Ǿ޷ƿƷķ
ôܣʲôʣʱĽΨһʣµĿɿڴĿһĻ
Ʒڼ׻Է͵ķҲˣȻֻƾķͽһ赲סˡ
ǺεȺ˵ʣԺ֮һ뵽ľǴ˵еķʣһǷ֮ó޵һ֣пĳ̶ȡ
֪Ʒʣκһ֣ԶԶ˷ʣҲǬľ¾컯¾һһô򵥡
˲Ҫ֪ô࣡
ƷҲһ˹ȥ
أ
Ľ֮һĸӦԴͱƷһ˦Уͷ­ͺһһ˳ȥӲ֮䵽˵ϡ
ͬһߴֱӵ˲
Դ˫أԴżֲ˼飬·Ǽʲô˼һ㣬Ƕ֣
ԳƷʱ򣬾Ȼ˲һ˫ͬһϵĴڡ
һ˵ʵ򲻹Ƕ̶ʮոյڳƷǰĽѾ¾һˡ
ĸִʱĿɿڴĿһĻƷǿҲ̫ˣԳƵǱŰĴ򷨡
ʲôҵļս
ڵģ˵ԺյĽҲһƻһ顣
˵ҪɨҪɨ
˵ҪҪ
ôУ
ʱһƬǰǶʮ㣬°ļһɡ
ֻҪ΢һʱ䣬ȵǺүˣ˿϶·һ
ǽȴݺݳǵ֮⣬ΪܹסƷĹܼ߻ĽԳƷʱȻ˲һ
ֻǼ򵥵ĹǺɨ
ɵ۵Ǹһ۵꣬źơ
ʱﻹиղָʹģղҳΪǬԪܵݶѣټΪƷ϶ĽĶ֡
ǳˢһˢڸаˣ
˭֪ھȻĽƷɨѨ֮ɨ˸⡣
ʱƷĿɨ˹Ҫ̱ȥˣδԼȻô
ʵȲ콾콾֮ͬҲٮٮߣδ컯ҲǴʵ¼
ñ˸ܵζδһ죬һж෴ˣԼѾıԵ
ղ˵ҪɱңƷԴһᣬ¶˲õЦݣ¶˼Ŵ
ЦźƿֱħһЦݣħûгƷɱ¾Чĸߡ
ûֱŵˡ
ΪԼ޾Դݸʵˣǰ⣬Ϊû˽ء
ʱܵʲô׹ߣͬϵ⣬׸
ʱѾ˾


1911 ѹˣǹɣ
źһһȻģƷΪҪֶԿʱȴź͵һӹȥ
ɱң
Ұʯ㣡
˶ɱˣµЩǬԪ׷߸ĿɿڴĿһĻ漴һŭգźƽʱǬԪıܣû˵飬ΪмӲͷ˭֪ԳƷ壬ûǷӦ͸Ʒˡ
źҲܹоЩӵĿ⣬ʱֻһָоЩ˶ƨ
ʲôʲôӲͷлҪô
ţҪģ
Ŭ˼ĵЦݡ
ʯն㣬һҵģƷЦһ˵ѾָźƵǰֻ¶˼ζЦݡ
ңҸ·֪ʲôط
źæ˵һӢµĴ·ģ
źƣͽ
źƣԵүôô
һͽ
ʱ±һŭȻ¼ŭ˳ƷǵʱҲ˲ôˡ
źƶЩŭֱˣܹҪģЩԴǼʵܹپģûˣǾûˡ
ŲЩһͼͲֵǮء
Ѿ֪˸Ҫ·˵һҲɱɣ
ƷЦЦ¶ݣź͸ˡ
һ㶼Լ˵ĻͻᱻƷеһԴ
ң֪ǬԪһܵı⣬һҩͻΪӦûȤģźæ¶˼ֺõЦݡ
ͽôң
ôĵӣ
˲ˣ˶źƵ޳ܸˣǶǬԪ׷ߣȻ֪ΪŪһҩģǬԪ˶ŬھȻźƸˡ
ʶ࣬үҵһҩĵĻүͷһ
ƷߵźƵļϣźƵļһοı˵㿴˶һôϣүҲͲҪɱˣ
˲ûιȥ̲סƿڴ޳ܵģûô޳ܵġ
٣ǻҪװӣԹԷô
ˣͷһα۸˼
ǣǣǸ֪ô
źͷ˵ϾȻмַĵͬЩȷʵǲ֪ô
żҴүѵôһҩֵǮô
ʲôЦҪΪǬԪܣȻǬԪҪҲһ꣬ƾʲôҪȥȫǬԪ
ʼЩͲóƷܹݺݵĽѵһЩˡ
㿴ҽϳţͻȻһϹ۵ĵʿҵǰһԣ˵ǸбϸԵ͸ҵĶν¼ıе߾֮㿴ˣϲԵ·ˣϲִܣе˵ⱦǸ׼
Ʒ˵ͷźƵļ˵һȻ飬·ʲô֮һ
޳ܣ
˲ɵ÷׷ðͷǷ׷ҧݣֱĳ
ʲôЦǰһڼ̵ʱھͽѪϴһġ
ƷͷĻڴǬԪӦ
ǸҶź죬ȴҶԳƷ
ǼڳƷ֮£ȴ̲סҪۣ
Ե·ˣ
ϲܣ
صʬ׶ôɵģѵЩ˿Ҫɱô
뵽˼²ˣǸоⱲӼ޳̫֮ˣֻ¼ûһһա
˸Ǻ޲ֱǰһЦõʲôģƤȻô
ƷЦЦ˵ԹֱѾ̽ĸķȥ
ܿ죬һ޴ޱȵı˳Ʒǰֻһ޴ĴڳƷǰ
磬ȥԿף
źһתʱ뵽һ⣬æ˵
ˣ
Ʒ䣬ȴеѾ趯͵һȥ
أ
һȵڳƷǰĴŰһ޴ĺȻ
źƵ黹Ŵ͵Ŀɿڴ״̬̫ŵˣ컯ĸҲҿ
˭֪ƷȻҿˡ
׶ѹˣǹɣ


1912 ӶҲƸ
֮ڵĸ⣬ȻǾرļӹ̣컯ĸ֣ҪƿҲǧѡ
˭֪ȻƷһҿˣöܹõ
źɫסˣû
ͬʱ֪һο϶ǱһﶢˣֲֿĹһ˲ͬͶ֮ͽĽ¾ͿԿóˡ
ȻЩ竣ȴɵȻҲеزδл컯
ƷеĵĮûмģҲɱˣϵǿҲͬƷ㽫ǿͬһ¾
Ǵһ磬ʯΪ
һ϶ĳһͻᶨƵȥǰһˣıǬԪ
ֶһоƷּ־ҪǬԪ֮ϡ
ǬԪҪӳѣǬԪΪۣΪΪΪ壬˸ĸоȴӳѡ
ֻǳƷŵĹ뵽飬ϸӼ࣬Ϊʶ˳ƷǣˣԺ뱨ɾˡ
Զ֮ƷĶأǿ»ǺҵƷġ
˵ԳƷչֵʵңżңܹԸƷҲࡣ
컯ĸȻʵΪȦӵĲ㹻ߣʵϣƽȥǧҲδܳһ컯
ǵȸôײοԳƷʵѰ컯Ҳκβ
̾ʶˣǬԪҪֻҲס
˱֮󣬳Ʒ̿磬ռҪ󣬲пռ۵ֶνһ̫ı֮С
ԶԶģƷʯѻɽһָ԰ΪλȻڵƷʯ
⻹Ϊʱϡĵرֻࡣ
ҵĵȷʵͬ죬⻹ֻҵһֲƸѣչڶжĶѣʱٶ͹
ǶڻǮˮƸĳƷ˵Ҳһʾ޿֮ܵ
֮⣬ҩģвٶǶزڴĻʳ֮жҲģֵƷɨȥһۣ͹˳ҲڵƷʯ
νһһĲƸһ컯ĸȻõҲһҹ
ƷĿֻɨһۣ󲿷ֵҩȻ󣬵Ƕ˵̸жҪ޷ֱڼĵرֵǮڳƷʲô
ֻһЩڳƷ滮֮еĵҩ嵭ϵĸҩŻᱻĵʱ򶼻ύ򱦸
ʵϣĹ滮ƷѰҪĳԶ̫ˡ
Ǭʱ򣬾ڹ滮Լ컯֮·컯֮󣬱ȻҪ滮߾֮·
Ѱ˿ǲ˼ģΪǼ֪ߵľʲôģ֪Ҳֻ֪ѣ⣬˵¹滮Լĵ·ˡ
ΪӸǰʦΪԼ滮ܣֻһһǰ˵ľ鶼ֻǲο
еǬ֮󣬻϶һȫͬ·Խ棬ҲԽ󣬲һģһ
ֻܽǰľοԼһһӡƷͬеʵļ䣬컯ߵľ磬Լ˵⡣
˵ȵκһǿ߶ҪһһǿһʮΨһ͸ģǵʶûдﵽľ磬֤񣬳ӡ
ΪδѾȫ̵ļƻһ۾֪ЩĵرãЩãоųɾŶõģǸǬ龳ʹõġ
ЩòϣȴԶʹá
һջ񼫴㹻óƷٴһöˡ
Ʒһ֮󣬵һӣֱӽЩʯĵرͳͳɽɽͼĿռ䡣
һĻ˿Ŀѣȴǰ
ЩɶҶĻ۰ȻֻҲƸ֮еһ֣ǾôƷӶߣ۲ѡ
үôС˵˫Щʧ񣬵ȴǰֹֻܼϣǬԪ
Աߵ˶һۣ֮гΣȻҲǬԪҪϻʵ̫ˡ
Ͼʱ̫ˣ
ƷͻƵٶ̫ˣԭΪܹɱƷĽ΢һ³ƷٶȶֱӾͱɱ˸Ƭײ
Ϣݵٶȣڳе˵һʱͽϢ˳ȥǬԪûõϢ
ʱ̫ˣ


1913 
֮ǰ֮иıˣѾ뵽һ㣬Ҫֶ棬ܲ˵ӡ
ǿ޷ǻһЩۣϲʲô
ҵʵȻܺЩֲȻȣұĻʳԽȴǼΪֲġ
ʵڶ֮ϣҲôһЩЩҲΪԳ֣ϾǺ˺ݡ
Ҽ㲻Ƕĸ֣ڶ֮жǿӰҪҶĳһ鷳̫ˣ֮Ҳӽɱ
Щɢޣҵ˵ɢ޲Զҡҵĸڸ֮ۡеľкü컯ĸ֡
һ컯ĸ֣Կڶ֮㣬οôࡣ
ʵ˵ǿƣֵ֧ǬԪ˻ع黹ûʲôġ
˭룬ǳƷôһԳĹ̥Ѱ˾ҵǳƷɲ£ͬʱƷҲʵܹҵľݵ
ĲƸ̫࣬ԳƷʵһӵʱӶɾһǰ㶼û¡
֮УǳЩĸҲĬˣʲôǿƴǿƴ
ľҵ
µҲóƷӦǺңߺǬԪʲôԹڴôǿƶŴ
פҪ˶СңڱҴˣﻹ
֮Ҫ˰ɣ
ôҪصĻҲҵõ
˺ٺһЦңϾҵʵǿڶ࣬ԳƷչֳʵҪҵѰ컯ĸֶûϷҸٶѵ㳲ô
㳲ôԿޱߵĶǵ˸ûκôͬţ뺣ܿɢӰٰˡ
ܹĻʳΪǷǻпܡ
ˣ֮ǰ˵һʥҩĶƷźƣ˵
ҡ
źƿڻֵˣָƷ˱֮أ˭֪Ʒû˼Ҫղ˵һʥҩ
Ҳ̫ˣʲôʱô
ž
ƷҲֱһƳ˹ȥֱӽˡ
˵Ҫ˷ʱ䣬Ҫʱ䣬ûãǬԪڻҲ㹻ʱһһߣ
ƷЦЦ£
ƺѾЩ֮˵뷨ҪʱǬԪ
Ǻ⣬ͺ͵һǬԪֵʱȫͬˣǸʱǬԪֻǱȴаպɱǬԪ
Ψһ鷳ǬԪߵЩ֣лˣҲ׷ߣ컯۷
֮ǰƷûжֵʱ򣬾͹۲ˣȻ޾壬ȴçײ֮ˡ
˶ԳƷ˵ȻƷԱȫˣǱ˲ϻǻ鷳
ĿǰʵزҲѾǾˣƷţٸʱ䣬նɱЩ˸ûʲôѶȡ
ٶȣû¹
Ϊ㹻ţԼ㿴ǵ뷨Ҳ¡
źûа취ֻڳƷв֮£ӡһ׷ӵӡڱ֮аУȻһС͵ı֮ų֡
Ʒĵ˵ͷҲźƵصı⣬˴򿪣ĻƷʵǿûãΪĶҲ
ľ糬Խ컯־Կռ䶼һĸ֪ܹ֪ڿռ֮бĴڡ
źƵĲ֮£С͵ıŻ򿪣С͵ı֮УһʥҩӡһƬ֮Уɢһ貵Ĺâ
еҩ㶼˽֮УһʥҩͬһŻһҪȼ
ȻƷһʥҩʱǰһ
˿ܲһϵóеʼĳƷ˵¼伸ûϲĵر
ѹǬԪὫһʥҩСķܵı֮ˣòˣҲֱӵΪӹ
̺֮һ־Ļһ̷֮УܹӶԻ׺ֱͨ
Ȼڵ˳Ʒּĸ˵ֻһͨʲôؼǣܹ壬˽һųʣ˵Ӵ⡣
˵еĸ


1914 ȴˣԵ·ˣ
֮·ͬຣǺɱ˰ۣԽǿɱ˰ĿҲԽ
һеĻڣ书ͨһ⣬ȫҪΪ
ͨΪҪҲá
еÿһͻƣһεԾǨ
мҲӹɵģǷǳǳѡ
ΪǣԴɱ䣬һܹų֮еʡ
˳ƷΪڵѾǳˣ˵΢΢Ҳ͸ųҪֶųҪջ۵впܡ
֮һоͿˣ
Խ٣ԽǴ⣬ԽǸ߼ȻͻҲԽǼ򵥣һӳҲԽǿ
ЧѾǼֵˣһöʡȥʮıչؿޡ
˵ܹͨ˵ֻһŻͨǶںһ̫ڤʵĳƷ˵ȴޱȵϡ
һ֮ڻ׺ܹһӣܹĻͨӳͨ书
ھǸһֶʣʱֶʣʼս壬̫ڤƷʵҲһ츲صı仯
ֱǲģ
֮·ǽ츳ģ츳Ҳ츳еʣͺСİСҲȲףµĸ֡
츳Խǿ֮·Խ˳ǿүͷԡ
ڳƷ͵ڶһŶ츳൱Ͷ̥һλõĺô
ĵҲǷǳĿֻ̣ڼȴڵĵطпܳĳ
Ҫ볤죬Ҫǧʱпܡ
ҷѾĻΪǬԪѰĺöǬԪãʡĿޣ콾콾֮оѾңңˣİ˾͸׷ˡ
˵һ̵ƣҪǬԪڶʱڵǶϧƷ;غˡ
ƷܹõǬԪ֮ԲϷã϶Ǵȵ컯۷ֱ֮ӷȥųȫʣԼɱ䡣
ǸʱҪͻƵһȥѶСʮ
ҪͻƵĸʺҪʱҲʹˡ
뵽ƷҲɵ棬ȻȫһͻƣȷʵѰҪ̫ˡ
츳࣬һɢޣһǴĵմӵܣ˫ٶȺĳɾͿҲһһء
Щɢ˵Ϊ˻һʵҩģѰһźʵ书оҪɽˮʱ䣬Ȼӵ˵˰׼Щ͵Ǿ絽˾Ϳֱʹá
ǵΪڶʱͻͽĽٶȸѰܹᲢ۵ģΪһԴš
ųͷ֮󣬲ܹ壬ųõʢȥ໥Ĺϵ
ٺ٣һ֪ܵȱһ͸˹ˣ
ƷЦЦ˵
˵ʱٰʱ죬Ʒֱ֣˽罫һץУȻŽɽͼ֮С
㡭ˣźˣˡ
֮ǰΪ˱ųǬԪڿǱסˣϣǬԪĿ־һͷ
뵽ǬԪ֮󿴵һĻ֮жôıס
ȵұĻŭ죬ʱɾͺȫȫĲˣôҲе㻺͵ĻᣡźƲ˵ʱѾޱȺˣ˵Ҫװʲôƣ֮ǰˢڸеĻҲͲᱻƵˡ
֪ǬԪӣϵ֮ҪͻƵ컯ĸ߾Ҫһ
ڱ㶪ˣ붼úޱȵĿ¡
ͻѵɣһһܴƷЦЦǬԪĻ˵ĴڣƷˡ
˫绹һսһսҪʱǬԪΡ
ǬԪʧǳƷһӹɵġ
ˣֵĲ˵ˣһԵ·ˣѶҲͲɱôƷźƵļ̾һһǺˣֻǲҵı顣
˶ʱһѪˣԵ·ô
Ʒ룬ȷʵԵ·ûһᶼȰѱ˴ˣȻԵ·ˡ
˼·ûë
Щ˶ǱƷжڣ


1915 
֮󣬳Ʒĵ˵ͷ°˰֡
ټԺҪʲôöһģƷЦЦ
²ûѪʲôкöġ
ʱֻܺ޵ҧгݣǰڶͲýƷߣﻹҽ
ͲøϽôڣ
ųƷӰʧʣʱѾһƬĺϸһȫƷġ
˰֮󣬲ͻȻӦƷֶ֪ء
ӦٶȿģѾݳƷӣ۳˻ӰͼΣһҵ󺺡
һùĸ֣
ǲ֪ʲô·̶ʱ䣬ڳƷĻӰͼδ˳ȥ
Ǵһִ̫ӵ־һ˭С˹ע˵ҾȻ˴ȥֱǰδе顣
Ҫ֪ƷģԶԶֻңڹעҪ֪ƷϢ
һʱ䣬ڳƷĻӰͼѾ˸ĺ򣬲һӾ˵ٶȴȥ
̽ӶʼͼҪҳƷ䣬ǺʣǸҵһǰڳƷϡ
ڴ֮ǰˣǺճһ
Ժ绽ĴЩɵۣҪֻ֪ҪƷ֮ǰֹڼʮǰϰǰӦöмزŶԡ
ϾЩڵʱ䳬ǧ꣬ıȱȽǣ¼伸ûʲôǲ֪ġ
Ȼǲܽеһͳͳ¼ԳƷֳʵǰʱӦҲĬĬŵĲŶԡ
ֻҪֳֹһ㶯ܹ¼ȻڳƷȴû֪һǰϢ
ڹкۼܶ˶뵽˴Ļʳ򣬺壬֮еĸ֣ûһܺͳƷԵϺŵġ
˵Ժ֮УһͷǾǼٵģ˵ǼٵģΨ˲ܹˡ
Ҫңֲ֪ҳһƿ
ȻˣǵĻҲô룬ϾҲǡ
ĵҳһƿ͹ĶԸңȫ
ǲ֪Ʒºҳ˺Ϊ˫Ѿ˺Ҷ׷ɱƷҲƷնɱ֡
Ѿ˺Ĳˣ˵Ͼǲݣ
ֻǳƷǣĶóƷĶԸңڴĻʳ֮£ƷԳ棬ͬҪԳƷҲöù֮ڵһ
ڴĻʳȻǰ˫߱һ׹֮ϵ
ڵó֮˲ɵøˣù˸ͷĽĻô֮ǰյҲûκôˡ
뵽˶ƣ˻ǲϷϾһ֣Ҳӵмļֵ
ȵǬԪҸֺǧҾ񷵻صʱѾǰʱ֮ˡ
յϢϷأٶȲν죬ǵ͹˳Ʒɨٶȣ֮µİף޷κε˳Ʒֵ
ֱӾͱɨ
ֱӶŴٶ˵ʣܴ衣
οĸǬԪΪҼ̳˳֣ͳ̫ӣҵȶ෽սĵһսδüͱ˺ݺݴһӡ
ֱǰݺݼ̤
ǬԪص֮У˿տҲĸ⣬صʬ壬ɫһƬࡣ
֮ǰ緢ģ
飬һҪ˲Ȼҵĸ󻼣
ǬԪ˵һҵĴڰʱʱ̶̿סңʵ̫Σգ̫
ֻǧĵǧշ
ֻǬĻòмһˣ컯ͬѾһͷ۳Ʒ¾Ľͬɱһļ򵥡
Ѱ컯ܹԸˣܹԸĸֲࡣ
˵Ҳһѹ
⣬źףͻżң˵ǬԪޱᡣ
뵽Ʒȥ˵ͷڵѪ֪˶ٴ۲ŵõһöΪδͻƵȫµľ磬Ϊµľͷ
ϵδ·ڶˣҪѰҵԴĶͲ֪ҪٴۣĲͼƻ
ǰ̣ͬɱ˸ĸ
ҵĻȥôҪ˶֪ҵˣһȥǬԪ˵


1916 ͻƣǬ
ǣ
Ͼ˳ȥһͷˣϴżε顣
Ϊźˣ
źƸǬԪ꣬βԼжôᣬ˵˭ҵǰᱻֶεĲ
ΪĶˣԺףԼǬԪʲô³ôܻ
ߣ
ǬԪѿǺܿ侲
ͨҵһҲǴǸɽðģǸͷֻҪͷҺ̫ӵ巢ֻͣҪܹɱҵϱṩϢߣֻҪ֤ʵаƷʯĽͣǬԪ˵ȷһߣڵĵ֮ҵǸУñ˽ȵˣ
ǬԪһ£ԼƽһսѾʧܣһǰҪĿľ͸ʧĻʱͰ׸ˡ
ŵ
ʱڶ֮ϣһ̤Ŷݹ⣬Ӵܡ
ȴǸոһź˭ء
ʱź΢Щţ˿棬ȷû׷һ
û뵽żҴүȻ³Ǹһź֮ҲǬԪͬɥ֮ȮһӴܡ
˭֪һαǴǬԪǰƽ˭µĹм䡣
ڴǻزȥˣǵطͷɣźƵ˾֪ڻصĻʳǻ˵ã·һ
żҲΪҳ׷ݵλǬԪҲ߱ɱԡ
ͷһ֦ʱǬԪƤӵ£һǳ֮С
ƷصԼķɽͼĿռ֮С
ʱɽͼѾۼ˶ѻɽĲƸ֮ǰƷȱƷʯڴҵı֮һӾ㹻ˡ
Ʒһ֣Ʒʯͷͬһӣ͵һ˿ӿ˱ҩɽС
ҩɽ֮еʱһӼӿ˺ܶ࣬ƷҩĿʼٳ졣
е˴󲿷ֵʱʼٵĳɳ
ҹĽ֮£õһöˡ
֮УƷʲô鶼ûɣֻǽһ˱ҩɽ֮УһĻûа취Լҵõ֮ҲֻѡӡסҩʧҲͽֻĳ̶ȣûа취ֻѰȻɳɵĵر
ǳƷȴͬ˱ҩɽ׵ģĵرɳҪĻֻҪ㹻Ʒܹڶö
ֻҪڣԲͿԲ
ڳƷ౦֮УɽͼļֵеһǮܹġ
֮УҲʱʱĳɽͼĿռ䣬ȥ۲ҵĶ˵ҵĶƤӵ¡
ֻҲû뵽һֱ׷ˣǵƤӵ£ǶҲǴĻʳҼôᣬҲܱճ
Ϊ飬ҵĴɢ˳ȥиĸֵõϢӴĻʳı֮и˹
飬ҵıҲûа취ȥһʱ䣬ҵʵ
ڳеĸȻϣȴҲʱңԼڻϿ
һε¹ʣǬԪƺҲ˺ܶ࣬ٶʳƺǴȵĸǰ֮ж
ԳƷ԰ĵĵȴ죬ż
һöĹժ֮󣬳Ʒֱӽ̷ȥ
ʱӴҩͷ˿ƺƵڳƷ֮Ű
֮ǰƷҲûа취׾ٵôӴҩܻˡ
һβ֮ͬǰתϽ𵤵Ű֮󣬳Ʒ˼һľ棬һѾͬ
ɾͽղ֮ƾһҩڷŰҲ޷˵һһ
ʮʱȥأһֱŵĳƷ͵һ۾ȵķʼӿһ޴ޱȵļӡ
֮һɢ˿ķɢ
δЩȫɢƷ֮еÿһë׶ſĽЩȥ
ͻˣǬأƷ¶˼Цݡ
ͻƵǬأҲζųƷǬѾҪߵͷ
ʣҪľͨˮĥԼΪǬȻȻĹɵǬ۷塣
Ȼˮĥ򣬵ȴҲܹģĥʮʱ䣬ҲܽΪȻȻƵǬ۷塣


1917 ʵж
ÿ˶Լļޣȴÿ˶ܹﵽԼļޣ
󲿷һܹﵽǱԶԶļޣֻٲֵŲܹﵽԼļޡ
ǶѾ֮еƳƷ㣬ϴԼļޣԼļһȫµĲΣǸǾ޽еģɺ϶ɣиܴﵽ̶ֳȡ
ϣÿһ綼һĻ۷ͼҴҵͻƣôܹóɾҲǷǳޡ
ǳƷͬĸ̫ι̣ÿһ粻ﵽ˼ޣ˼ޣȫµޡ
Ҫﵽޣֻ˳ˮ۵⣬ֻҪһʱˮĥͿˡ
ȱľʱ䣬ƷʯԴԴϵĻ֮Уȵһö죬Ϳƾҩ˳µͻƵǬ۷塣
ؼͻ컯
һжڳƷĹ滮֮У
ͻƵǬ֮󣬳ƷڵķûֹͣԴԴϵʼɢƷ֫ٺ֮С
ڳƷ֮УԴԴϵǿķóƷĹԴԴϵӡ
֮󣬳ƷֹͣľѾȹסˣܻ䡣
ͬʱսҲͻ֮˾޴֮ǰֱֹӴ컯س컯أһ컯֮еٮٮߡ
Ľ󷨺ϻƷһܽشǺɱ
ݷѾõҲڿʼȫµж֮ǰĴҶ棬˿ҵ³ʵҲô
±ףԸͷ֮ĳƷǸͼ鲻ƷͷͨԶԶһ˵Ҫˡ
һ˵ı仯ʵ̫ˣֵֱһĿȻǳƷı仯֮ᱻ
Ȼ²⵽ܿһ˸ͷαװȴҲ޿κΣΪѹͲ֪˵˭
Ҫ׷ɱҲǸܵ飡
ֻͨɱƷĽƷʯһذṩҲһƷʯ
νźڶ֮ϵ˶ʼǺܿ죬ǾͶ侲ϾǸ˭֪ڰҶԷ޸֮֮෴ģһ¾Ѱ컯Ŀֲڡ
һֱڣ˶ԳƷĹҲûֹͣΪǻɱĽʱ򣬳ƷҲûȫ˶²⣬ƷҲһ컯أ컯صĸֲп׾ٵĻɱĽ
Σ²Ҳֻǲ²⣬û㹻֤ܹ֧ǵĲ²⣬Ȼ˵ƣһ˵ȴǵõ˵ϿɣǾΣƷʵǵ֮
ҪԸˣһСģͿ⵽ɣûԸΪһȡ
ȻףȴҲû취ҵʵȻǿ󣬵ɢ֮ͬţ뺣һǰķ˶
ֻһڸƷ䣬һߵȴŸĸִӱҸ
ȴʱ֮УҴľҲԭǧˣټϸǬĸҲ࣬컯ĸֶӡ
һεĴܣûҷļƻ෴ᶨҪľġ
ԽԽңԴŴĻʳ͢ĸָһʱ䣬֮ϵĸҲĬˣԸֱӺֱӶϡ
˴ĸ֧֮¿ʼѼĵرʹ֮£໹ڹҲ׷ĵرǰס
ٵңֲǣЩȻʲô
Ʒܹо֮ݷĸ֣ƺڲ޵
ȻǴųƷ֮ǰ֮иֲƷһֲȻǴ㲼һ޵ֻҪƷһԵıȻһ
ʱһֱûֹͣչĵرȻҲƷһֶΣƷ̲סЩջĻȻͻ
Ǹʱ򣬾ǳƷڡ
Ȼ֪ǵıƷôܻ֣Ƕ˳ƷǿƷôŴ٣ȻҲһ̰֮Ϊ˲ƸԲֶΡ
ȴ֪ƷĿĸͲЩƸһжĺģǬԪ
úƷҲĴǬԪټˡ


1918 
һ죬ںΧʮҾ޴ޱȵս˺֮ϣЩսÿһҶͬСɽһĴСԼʮ¥ߣƯں֮ϣ֮ļĲζһƽǿѹס
ս֮Ͽ̻һöһöͬķŲĽ磬ս֮ϣһһܾ޴ޱȵͱ鲼սΧ
һһսݣÿһҶž˵ս
ǣĻʳĺ˵Щսʱ򣬶ɵõһĻʳȻͳζڽҲžԵͳ
ľһ֧һ֧ǿޱȵĽӺɨһǿУǶ֮ϵɢޣ֮еĿֲޣһ֧֧ǿĽǰһ
˵ڴĻʳĽܹ֮һɱ컯ֵǲĴɱ
ԣⲻǴĻʳĽӣĻʳĽӱ¶ˣսҲǼʮ¥ߣʮ¥ߵսѾ̭ܶˣ
ϷӦ˹ǴĻʳĽӣǱ⻹Ҫ¶ˣһĴĻʳĽӾԽƽء
ӡмʮ¥ߵĴĻʳ۵սʮ¥ߵսȻҲܸߴ󣬵ǶֻС׼ס
ҲӦ˹ڴĻʳ˵ϵĽǹ֮ѹϺ֮Щϡ
д̫ξĻûܹһ֧ӣ˵˽ãԴĻʳĽΪԼĳ˽
ǵԾڴĻʳ
ûôҲû
ʣԼĽӣ
ǰĻôͼıЩս̭ͣԶԴĻʳĽввٵַͨͼֽ˽￪ʼս
ȻһģǴĻʳ̭սÿһҵҲʮƷʯ
Ȼ˰ЩսҲӹɣ
ʮҼᣬѹһǿС
ôֱʣһΣ־ڱصˣ
ҿһЩ߳ŭˣǸ˵жϺݺݴһƣôưոݣ
һΣҿǴҪֶˣߺߣ
˶۷׷ףҲΪҵĿµ̶𾪣ĻʳռݣǸĺǿг͵طȻҲһ֮ۡ
ҵľҲ׷׵սûãЩս׷װê𺽣նˡ
ܹǿɢ޸ֶܶľκˣЩսԲǧ֮ھͱǿƽȥһǿĽĹĿըҲȻ޷ҡЩ޴ս
һ֧֮˽ĿŵĸţƺҲ֪һ㣬ҲΪҲ֪ܽô˶
ڶ֮ϣûʵ
һȺ֮УһӰ̤ŶݹȻԶԶĵں棬ȴǱˣǳƷ
ƷԶʮնǧƵĽӣɵ˳˼ҵĵȷʵˣȻּսĴĻʳĽУֻǻ
ǹܹγһ֧ӵĹģѾʮ־˵ĵˣЩս̽ޣҪʮƷʯһҪʱʱάսֿķûҪ
ڳƷ˵Ҳûʲôֱ˫Ѿ˺ȻһĹϵ
ƷҲż׷ȥֻԶԶĵţһεĿҪһնɱǬԪ
Ⱥ֮У˿ۣûʶ
Ӻʱ֮󣬳ƷһֱԶԶĵţؾֻǰһƬңЩԶԶŵˣҲ
ôˣ
˿ʵ
Զõһ޵˶֣һ֧ɢɱ֮ûǵҲҪԶԶģЩǵҲҪܶԶ֮˭
Ǻ壬Ǻˣ
أ˴һʱ˵ɫˡ
޾ĺ֮Уһֲ֧Ǿ壬Щں֮УһǿΪ飬˵֮ס
ڶ֮ϵˣû˲֪Ĵڡ
˵ǴĻʳڶ֮Ķ֣Ϊ˺ĴڣĻʳͳҲֻܾڽ
һ֧壿ʵ
ӣǺӳ־ѻˣ
ǰܿ˴Ϣ
ӣ콾ĵĺӣ˾һ˵
˶˺ӾǺηʥ


1919 սˮ
콾ϣǬԪ߸ϣµһ¼䣬һĵһ֡
ĵ
ڶ֮ϵһĸ֮Уǵ֮ĵһˡ
˿콾ǰĲಢ˵վͬһϵĴڡ
ǬԪȻµһȴҲûи߲ʵ˾޷ƥС
Ȼһ컯˵ںܿҲ̿컯˴֮Ĳ΢΢һĲ࣬Ѱ˿ӦҲͬһϵĴڡ
뵽ɵõһµһǬԪɶһĺӺµһ
ǺεȾ˵ǣ
ҼǵǬԪ֮ǰͺӴδֹΪӴδģҪǰֳһʤô
˾
ҾüȻ콾ô˵ǬԪʵ»Ҫں֮ϵģӴʱǬԪֻʤ㲻󣡡
ʤ㲻ҿδأϾǺӵĵֲ̣ڴĻʳ֮УֲֻۣǬԪͺ֮ս
ô˵һսʼֻһҪˣеزĶ콾ĸӵ޵֮£ǬԪµһͷδʲô£Ȼ⵽ԣ
Ҳδأ콾һֻҪܹסָԺ͸棬ĳɾͶʮ־ˣԶͬ
Ȼǻһô
һʱ䣬۶ըˡ
콾һܹ֮עİ񵥣ܹǰٵ콾ǣ˵жĲ֡
ǰˣÿһһԺ֮κһ֣ȻĿ⣬ǵһĴϷνǼΪġ
ǲ֪ڳģɲ콾ϵһ͵һֵ콾콾Ϊ֪
ԭǺӣƷ۾ںӵ콾ἰҲǺܶ࣬屾Ī⣬ֻ֪ںӵмΪĵ۹ϵȫͬ
һ֮еĸƣԴĻʳĹȻֻܱѹڽȻΪĻʳǿеĹϵܹһ˵ʵ壬壬ǿ֮£ǿ˫
ҲΪˣĻʳ֪ڽЩһ֧һ֧ʵǿĽȻŲʣһֻ۱һֻ۵ĸԭ
ԴĻʳʵԱݣѹڽ֮ѶȲ󣬵ҪһĽΧسȥȴЩˡ
ֻܽЩңŵķ
Ǻһ֮еһ֣ƶһ֣ʵǿڶ֮ϲһλܣɱԺյƸ֡
Ȼ֪һ֣ǹűֻ֪ҲǺһĻҲܱĸš
ӣǬԪе˼
һеľ֣Ʒû˿ĺã෴ģоѪҪˡ
ܹĸһսοƽ
һݣֻ¶ǳ֣Ʒȴʲô֣콾ϵ֮ϡ
ȴ벻ں
ȥ
ƷһΣʧȺ֮УΧԶһӰͬεضʧ֮С
һֱԶԶںĸִʱҲ׷׸о˼ȸУ׷׼ӿ˽ŲӶȥ
˵Ϊ׷ױ¶˳ΪģҲѾǬأǬ֮еٮٮߣ컯ĸָǲ١
Ϊں˵뷨УھֵĽ֮УֻսನԽǺƬ
ЩȻǰ
Ƭ֮󣬳ƷѾϵսڳƷո̤սһ˲䣬һԲԶ˹ȥ
Ǿһ˲䣬ķһһϱһŵķڴ˺ֱ֮ը˿һС͵Ģơ
֮󣬱ըҪ
ȻĻʳ߿ѧչ֮·ȴҲͬǿĴɱ
ըನϯžκ˳ųƷĴ˹˳ƷûжԶͱһɨɨ˷ĩ޷ԳƷһǰв
ʱƷйʼսʱսǱи֣ĵȻҵĽӡ
ʮսսĶΣһһܵ󲻶ϼһһļâͬ籩һϯ˳ȥսܲ͸硣
ʮսĶ棬޾ޣ


1920 󣬿ռѷ
һͷһͷ޻ڿնһҵսս·߮һս·ҲڷҵĴս
Щսĸװڴ׵ĲӵǿսټϾ޴Ľı㺣ȿֺΧҲûа취ƴ׵ķ
бװڴ׵һֱһͷ޵֮УǿĹԴֲһͷֱ֮С
Ѫ
ѪˮȾ죬ѪȵϢ˸֮еޡ
ˮ֮սӼңȻЩսǴĻʳӵ̭ͺţҲǴĻʳȻͬѰ
ǰ̵ĺȥǶ޷ͻļ꣬Щ֮ǰƷ赽Ҫӿ¡
⸽ɱһһ
Բڣһֲս
Щںĸȫפ㲻ǰֲֿսǰǵʵӲ
ǵʵСģս֮ϣԺɨּľӲԶ˿вǴĻʳľ񲿶ӣҲѶǹв
ǵսģѾﵽ̶ֳ֮󣬸ִɱս֮ݺᣬҲóóȻУĻ
ƷĿ⴩͸սܹԶӰںӶ಻ͬЩȻ˫˫ȣǻطۣͬһ㡣
Щ壡
ҲЩĸֲٿЩ޲ϳӡ
ҲǺĹַ֮УٿΪã˷ܹݺĺĻʳԿ
û뵽ҿνǾ񾡳ǺҲ˿ʱ䣬ҵֵķзҲڱ˼׼ɣ
˲µһЩԭע⣬ֻҲ֮һ
ҵжҲΪƷĹϵãúĸ֣ıǰ
ȻڴĽзۣǺͺҲ̸ʲô޲ŶԣΪκҳ֣Ҳ˲˵
ҴĵĳҪеĿܵĴҶԴжôӣһ˸ڳ赲ôǺҳ˺
£ҲûбҪҳַŶԡ
嵱ȻûбҪҳ׷ȻӦҲǷжԲŶԣǱˣһδӵǺӣں˵ǬԪǶ谭ǬԪòõˣǲǴ˳ô˵
ʱ˾һéٿĸоǶ⣬ҲΪʲôҪԴӾѻǬԪ
ܹǬԪӵĴбȻ˲õֹܹǬԪúӻãпúһٻóԽǬԪʵ
콾֮ʵ˳ܾһĲѣ
Ѿ콾ĵĴڣһǬԪȻǺԵĿꡣ
֮ǰǬԪδ˫һֱδ֣ʱһս
ҵ˵ҲһǧѷĻôûкǰѻôҵȻˮĻᣡҲ˲ΪȻãһǰδеĺûᡣ
˾ѻҵʵԽ˶ڴ֮⡣
оսش
أ˾һ˵Ŀⶼɨش˫ֵĽ㣬һ޴ޱȵĿռѷ죬ں֮ϡ
˫ͼռѷ֮Уͬʱ赲ԷռѷС
ôûпǬԪͺǣ˷֣սϵĻ϶ҵľޣЩȴڳ
˶ˣֻ˫ĸֶѾѷ֮У뵽˴֮С
˫˴ˣҷս
˵ĺʼ˶֪һռѷ֮С
ܹ콾ĶҲˣ
һɢɫ˵
ҵɢޱԴѾԶԶЩ֮ӣǲܱǸݣƴ²ܹᲢۣ
һɢ˵
Щɢ˵ðַղʲô
ǵбðգԴؼͬЩŵĵǰΪԼźã˳˳ˮ
ǱЩţӵܸݣƴг·δ
ƴˣǻڶʳҲҪƴһѣӼµµΪȥҪˣ
һɢ޺һ˺һһս
ɢ໥һۣ˶ûκԥȥƷҲС


1921 ټǬԪ
ս֮ϣһȺ˵ͻ룬Ʒ˾޴ķתȻЩǵǹƥᴳսܻõһ޵³һȺҲǬأǿ컯ĸͻս֮Уһʱ䣬սƶŷתˡ
Щͻ֮һƬ
ֱӳмĿռѷȥ
סǣ
Ǵս˫˽ֵЩˣ˫һӶЩ˵Ĵڡ
סǣ
˫ָһӾͶͻһ
˫ƺ׼ڵںЩ˲Ǻ׼
ڵһʱ䣬Ѿ˷Ӧ׷׳Щͻ˷˹
¡¡
սһľ޴ը޾Ŀ񱩿ϯžҪһС
һЩӦǬصĸֱӱ˴⬣ȥ
Щ컯ĸַӦٶȸ죬ս֮ӹ֮Щͼ̤˶ͼֵͱķ顣
޷赲Щͻĸ֡

ƷһһȥһͷոշҪһ̵ޱֱĵķѡ
ǿ󣬳ƷǺɨ
޾Щޣ
ֱһͷ֮󣬳Ʒһͬһһ㣬ѷĸһȣѷ֮С
ǰһ֮󣬳ƷѾһƬǿռ֮С
һƬǿռ֮Уһɽˮؾ츣һĵطΪŨ
Զɽˮ֮䣬ϱһһֲսս˫һҵĸ֣һһſֲϢĸڽգһһ̧㶼ҪմԴ
һߣһȺ帲Ƭĺ֣Щֳι״ͬȿֲˮԵķ鱬ɨ񷣬ЩҸֱֲֿս
ҵĸͨΪĸһһͶ㣬ʱԴˣЩգܹеһкɨ
Ȼ˫Ŀֲûнؾıؾޱȵļ̣ƺǾļӹ̡
Ʒһͷײ˽ϵľ˸һֵע⣬һֲˮϯ˹֮ƣҪһӽƷش
ȴƷ͵һлһڱȻһն
ͣ
˱նֱ˺ѿâȥƲֱӽĸոտ컯ĸն롣

ֵû뵽ԼȻᱻһնɱ޵ֿ֮

ĺַ׷¶ݣ׷׿ƷǴʱûпȥҳƷ鷳
ΪʱڳƷ󣬴ɢ޸Ҳ֮ų˽
һʱ䣬ս֣һŻҡ
ģƷ֣ҵĸ֣ǺĸִʱʼԸЩͻȻͻɢ޸֡
˫ǲ룬ѾγĬȸЩˮģⱻ̵ְ
Щɢ޸Ҳܿ췢˫֣ʱӷ񣬶Ѿͻ뵽ûٷ
ڲԶһ޴ޱȵĶ˵ǰʱ˫ĸֶڽЩɢ޸ֽ
һӶˣһѰҵڱĵط֮С
Ҫ취ǳ׷֮ǰȥˣ
ʱ˴һ
ƷȻҲʶһ㣬ֱչٶȣֱӻһ磬һ˲䣬Ѿ˶֮С
ʵڳƷ֮ϵĸ֣ûзӦ

ʱҺͺ˫ĸֶױŭˣǧϧ֣Ȼ˻ˮ˽ȥ
ɱЩ棡
һ˵Щǰҵɢ޸֣֮гɱ⡣
Ȼɢ޸࣬ҲҲ컯أ컯۷ĸ֡
Ѿս˫֣ɢ޸֮ûĬˣȻƾűĸ߳ʶҲս󣬵Чȴȫͬġ
˫ʼĬĴѹɢ޸ֵ£һʱ䣬涼ʼĽ
ҺͺĸһʱҲκβЩɢ޸֡
ѷ֣ҲǬ۷ĸֲռݣ֪ǶôĿֲؾ֮з·вıǶôֲսನҲûа취ܹҡ硣
ʱ뵽˶֮еĳƷ֮ͬһӰڶš
һȴǳƷˣĻʳǬԪ˭ء
һһȫƬΨͬһ㣬ݿʣƤӡ


1922 ֵǧƷʯĲƸ
˵ݣҲǺ֮ǿԺǬԪа壬˵ĺһһ֣ӡ
϶ż˿ֲϢѾԶԶԽѰ컯Ϊ
ƷҲû뵽ոսͿڶŵˡ
ҺͺĶŴ쵽档
ʱпղ鿴ȫĶ֮Уȴ磬ڿ֮һֵ͵
ƷϾѾϳˣֵ͵ʲôˡ
Ǿ޾ͣƷһӷӳ˹͵ʼ֮еĶǾ޾͵ζһģһġ
Ǿ޾֮еһֲֿޣֻҪɳ꣬Ҳ컯ϵĴڣԶʱЩǾ޾ҪӵĿֲ
˿ֲֶǾ޾ȴΪɱĶһҪˡ
ΪǾ޾ܹһ֬ǶǾ޾͡
֬͵ĻԼ˽붨״̬еʱжǾ޾͵ȼĻ˵ٶһϡ
˱ʾǾ޾֮ĹЧԭ֮֬дĺۼ
ʿ˵бѾǳˣʱ֮٣ܹԼٶȵĵرӶ࣬˵ܹһϵٶȡ
ĺöԶʱѾʮֵĺˣ˵ΪԣöĶǾ޾ɱһա
Ǿ޾ٸǳȻ˲ΣɱǾ޾
ȻôĿ϶Ƕ֣ϾǾ޾ѾֲܿˣѾԽ컯Ĵڡ
ǼˣлǷǳǳΣյġ
˵ÿ궼Ϊ˶Ǿ޾֮УЩɶǶĸ֣һİè
ˣ˽Ǿ޾𽥼ٵ˷ǳĵز
˵κһǾ޾һֵĻȻֵ׷ҪɱһǾ޾Ǿ޾ͣκһްƴСĶǾ޾͵ļֵһƷʯϵļ۸
ҾǻмУ
ƷĿɨ˹ȥȴܣ౻ӡסչޣչ֮оǶǾ޾͡
Ʒһǧ޶Ǿ޾ͣĲƸѾһǧƷʯϡ
ǶҺͺȻ˵ĲƸҲȻ˵һˣһʾ޴ޱȵĲƸ
˻ĴУ
ƷҲɵÿ۾ˣѹҺͺ嶼ƴƴҪ
Щչ֮еĶǾ޾;ѾջسɱˣԴ׬һʡ
֪˭Ǻʣһ֣ĻҲܹٳֻܹܴսؾ
ؾȻȻγɵģгԽ컯ĸֿٶɵؾ
ؾȻǿռһ֣ʵȴǷǳıΪȻγɵģռǳı
һѰִؾĻӿôִֵ£ֻѾˡ
Щֵ˵ĶǾ޾֮⣬ڶƯһ飬֮ϣ͸һֺ˵ĺ⡣
һĹ飬дһ˽ԼĽһֱһֱڻóƷоһ˵ķâ֪жôľˡ
һʣҲǼֵǣ͸¶ȥĻҪᡣ
ڳƷ˵ⷴǼֵԽСģΪŵʵļ䣬олʼս䣬ʼսϼ¼ĸ似ͨǵġ
һȻѵãмصľѧ϶Ҳܺͻʼսȡ
ϾǿǶ߻ʾԱľ׫дĹ顣
Ʒ֮ξ˿ռ֮УҲͽɽͼĿռ֮УǬԪǺӣûܷ֡
Ȼ˼ǵһʱ͸оƺпռ䲨ɨ˹ȥǶûãɨ֮Уûзκ˵Ĵڡ
˵˻˶ţǵƤӵΡ
ӣһҵ£֪
ǬԪĿڣ򺣻ӵĿ֮гɱ⡣
ѾıкܾúܾˣȴӸˣӵ뷨ȻףֻҪòˣڴ˳֮£ĵλͿܱӸԽ
Ҳ޷̵ġ
֮෴Ǻӵ˫֮˸ž˵ս⣬ǬԪ콾ǰʮȴδ֣ڴδֹ£ȻǬԪǬԪѹš
ѾǳһսҪӦİ׵λá


1923 콾ı
ܹеزĶ콾û˻Լʵ츳һˣһֱռݰλõǬԪ
ںӿҲʲôԼȻžԵţǬԪ
ϾǴδֹųһݰ񵥣Ҳνʵս֮Уʵ£κһֿԶܷ
ֽϵʵ֮УǬԪʵʵɲֻֽϵս
콾Ҳͳͳ֪ĻӦ˲Ŷԡ
ǬԪΪʤңƵĿһǬԪ˵ҵĵ̣Ȼһҵĵ֮ϣøţǻøſţ
֪
ӺţǬԪֻţǰףȻܱ˳Խ
ȻҾһ̣ûĻ˸Ĵ󣬴ӽ󣬺Ӵ콾
ǬԪޱᣬ˵һӣʻȻ󲨣嶼𶯣Ǻһõӡ
Ƕ˵ºıΪĻʳĻЩ屾ǵжԵġ
ɱԽݣԽǨ
ǬԪҲδ̫ˣҵĻûнĲҲһǰҪǴӮңһж㣬ӮңҾҪն´ĻʳԴ˶֪ҵϣӹЦһ£֪˫Ļ˴ʱڣ׼ȷ˵Ƕ˴סˡ
⸲ĴҪˣ
ӹЦһ
ǬԪĻ˺ͺӵĻ˱˴˶棬֣ǲĸ֡
һʱ֮䣬ȴҲֲʤ
ˣҸҪҾͿɱ㣡ǬԪһɲǼ䣬ǬԪֱӳˣгǹ֮ͬһӭǣһ˲Ѹײڶ֮ƳźӺɨ˳ȥ
ͬʾһ̤ĺˮĽŵ֮ӿ
˲γˣ߸ϵĺ֮һһꪣֳֳǹǬԪһӶһ
䣡
䣡
䣡
һֱ貵ĹǹӰâ֮໥ײ˺һС
˫ᱻϡãȻ֮ǰҲѾ̽ˣĿռ滹Ҫȹϼ֣вĽػΪ˵Ĺ
컯أ
Ʒ˵Ľ֣˺ʶѾ컯أֻǣǬԪѾ컯۷壬ֻ벽ܹ컯أͬǸոտ컯ûжõӣֻס컯صΪˡ
ǼˣҲѾʮ־ˣҪ֪û֮ǰ콾ϸ¹Ϣ֮УҲֻǬԪ컯ضѣǸʱѾͬ
ڣȻѾ컯۷壬Ҫ컯Ҳֻʱѡ
ӵĽȱǬԪȻǺôҲͬһ磬ǬԪҲֻڹ·硣
ⲢźӾһǬԪĶ֣Ϊֻս֮кҪһѣȫ
ȻƷ֪Щ콾󶼱óԴҪܶҲûеĶ˵ȴǷǳ򵥾ͿԻãһͻһ󾳽֮Ϊͻһͻͽķչ
һֱǵ츳Ĵﵽĳ̶ȣǸʱǵĹҲͻͽֻʹˮĥ
ÿ˶Լļޣÿ˵ļ޶вͬȻǬԪͺĶ콾һ˵츳޻ȫͬġ
ԣǬԪйŹ֣ʵѹƵסӣȴһѷֵƽֵӣ
Ȳ֪ԽԽ˷ܣԾ֤սǬԪ֮£һµһ֣Ƕһѡ
һȻȻ顣
ǬԪĶƷĸ֪Ʒܹ׾ٵĸ֪ǬԪδȫ
ʱأȴ֮ͻȻֶһӰȻһǬԪһֱ֮вδ֣˹ؼʱǬԪסӵʱ
ǬԪһѾһƯŵĹǰȻſֽһС
ʲôǬԪˣң
̾ͷӦ˹ﻹܲףղŵƾݲǬԪֳģΪǬԪûȥȡһ顣
˭֪ǬԪһ֣˲ͽߡ


1924 ׳֣ѹ콾
ܣǿܣ
Ʒ˲ͿˣһǬԪǿܣ
ֻǶǬԪǬ֮УԲƭӵĸ֪
һ˲֮ǬԪʱͷˡ
㾡Ĵлҵˣ
ǬԪЦ
Ƕһųƾ֣ѷ֣󣬴һֱڶ֮ϣֻǿѰҲҲĴУҵϣǺϸˣ
ǬԪԽ˵Խǵ⣬ֻ֪Ҫ֮һУȴ֪ǸĴУ类֪ĻǰľͲֻкˣиӿֲĸҲ֣ǳԽ컯ĴС
ּĸڶ֮ϲǲڣֻǿǬԪжСӹҼҶѣмǬԪ
ǽһ֪Ļϣ֪ĻٴҲԲǬԪ˿߸ĴС
ͳƷͬƷȿصǧ޼ֵƵĶǾ޾֬ǬԪļ˵ϵԴԴԴϵΪ׼ãֱΪĸ֡
⸲Ĵȴͬ긲ֻƾһڱ鶫޵֣Ƕɢޣ޻׺ޱߵĺ壬ǰͳͳʲô
˵Ƕᾡһ˵Ĺâ
£Ҳ¼ĸ֮һ
ĺĴоһ֮ϣôһ˵ء
ڳƷ˵ȱֺĹĴУֽԶ⸲Ĵ֮ϵҲеǣȱ㹻ԴǷҲû뵽ƷͬһķԶԶԽϯӵٶȡ
ȱľǺĸֲƸԴֻҪ㹻ԴͲƸԳƷܹԾ˵ٶתΪս
˫ԲͬĻɵģ
ӵɫѿΪ˲֪ǬԪԵĿģȴ֪ģǺ֮һ֧֮ǰΪһе֪ҵж
Ҳҵһѡ˽Ϣ֪ΪҲףֻ֪ľͲֻ֣Խ컯ĳеĹעĻȻųƶһһҲվֻѡ
ֹܹЩг֣
⼸Ѿ˫γɵĬˡ
ڸĴѾҵˣӣȥЩǾ޾֬һ롣ǬԪ߸ϣźӡ
ȻʱǬԪѾ㣬ԸӼʵҪܺӣȻôô׵顣
ҧǬԪ߸ϵʤߵģһ룡
䣬һ˸Ѿһ䣬Ǹ֮Уһڻδͣ׼ȷ˵ֻǰƷĽߡ
ֲڵķ·ֻһںɫһĽߣ
ȻֻǰƷѣǽ֮Ȼͷ߼ΪǿҵĽ⣬ƺڴĹ֮УԴԴϵĽĽС
ʣܹﱻģ϶Ǹĺö

ǬԪּ֮Ϊ飬ղŴ˺һֲھͱ֮֮
ʱף
أںӼֵʱһ֮˳ֱ˺ӵֱ֮ϡ
أ
һ·ǽһźӵһҽУֱһӴѪ졣
һӼҪֱ۸ըѿºӵֱ֮ϱ鲼ۼҲûܹӶ໻˿ĵֿ
ʲôˣһ˵ֱۣһתٵƣһҧ֮С
Ȼ͵Ϯˣֱܴ裬ڴ֮ǰѹûв֮оȻ˵Ĵڡ
ͬʱ֮еľһ˼£ʵȻûܲˣ˵ʵжôĿֲ
ô֣ôܲմأ
أһңĸߴӴ֮˳ȴǳƷ仯Ǹ˭ء
һµƣһ֮Ȼѹסڳ콾
㣿ǬԪ֮жʱ˿µɱ⣬ǶԺӵɱʮ
ȻпƷĻӰͼΣȻһ˳ΪһĲú˳ʱȥǲ֡
ɱĸ׷ߣȡ߾Ҹ֮в֪ٲƸ
һ׮׮һ˫νǲݵˣھȻܹ￴Ʒܹȣͬʱɱⱬ


1925 ѹ
Ʒĳ֣һ˲ͽ콾ŭȼˡ
ǣĸĴУ˺һܣ˴ͷʳ֮䣬̾ͷ޵ķˡ
ƷҲܹ֪һɹɵɱͬһϯǺεȵĽǺεȵ
㲻ңȻҳҵǰǺôĵӣǬԪѹ·Ҫ
۵˼£·̩ͬɽѹһɨ
һԵĺҲӦ˹Ҳ֪˳Ʒݡ
Ͼ֮ǰұ٣Ǻúһʱ䣬һֱڹעҵ飬Ȼ֪ܲ
ʱҲѰˣƾ庣ӵݣԽˡ
ȴͬȻҶ֣ںӿȻˬҲף²һɵӰɡ
Ҷ֣ô˵ֻҲδôǿ
ҸղųƷȻҶ֣Ҳ˲侯
ʵݾ˭ǬԪס˳Ʒȫȫס˳ƷֻҪƷ΢˿ĶͻѸײڶ֮ƶԳƷ֡
֪Ʒò϶ӣضһݣֻ֪Ʒݾʲô
֪ڵĳƷ϶ǱòӦǺгģܹоƷԣʱ⡣
һʵǿĳУҪƷʲôݡ
֪ûбҪͻˣ콾ҪˣƷ俴ǬԪ˵
еսϵֲͬ콾ĸ֣ȴҲû˿ʾ
ãããǿȻӵĻôͱҲˣҴֽţڴı֪˭ˣ
ǬԪĮ֮дâ
۾Ѿͬ죬һ۾˵Ѱ˵αװǰ˿ɹĿԡ
ȴ޷ƷαװǼеŭ
޷ԼôһͳƷڵصġ
ʵò似ûһͳƷƵġ
·ȫȫƾһʯͷðģļ֮С
֪һжֻαװѣƷԺгΪܹоõ
ΪˣŲܷγƷĸ󻼼ߣĻ롣
û뵽ǰ˻ΪѾУƷ
Ͼһλ˵Գ֣ǬԪⶼѣǾ͸˵ǳƷˡ
Ǹܵ飡
ܹһλȼĸëǣܹѵҲǣϾǷëǡ
֣ôεĶ䵽䵽ҵȴһ׵޹صˣѵı˱˲ɣǸɴȽΣӵ
˼ǵĻشҪ֪ȻƷʮ֮˾ǳǬԪģǬԪͳƷ֣Ӧ̵ܹЧ
ףԷȻѾ֣Ǿ־ڱصã¾ҲᱻŹ
ǬԪ£˵ǸģôһС˱ˣǲЦ
ȺǬԪ֣Ʒųȥ
ã
ǬԪ˵ͷϲͲúֽܹĸ󻼡
ɱңƾô콾͸ûˣһ͵ͬʱ䣬Ҿǲ֪ϢȥĻЩ˻ôƷЦЦ˵
ôĿΪղ͵Ϯʤˣ˲ˣ
˵ʱֱѾָˣĻָԶԶ壬˵ĸˡ
Ȼˣɱɣһ
ƷЦһεضһ˲䣬һ䣬Ѿʧԭأһ˲䣬Ѿ˺ӵǰ
Ʒе趯ǧֱ֮ӷһһͬһͷ޴İԳǰԳԼ־֮Уһ¥ȴ˳Ʒ
ϢĮѹָ˵ķҵҪαװ㵽廹壡
˵ʱʱ죬гһꪣꪴ֮ƣݺݳųƷµĹӴ˹ȥ

һһ˿µĿ񳱣Ҫˣ뿪ʮ֮󣬾ʧӰ١
⣡
һӰӿ֮˳ǬԪһɵôһΪ˳˾ȻǺӡ


1926 һϰɣʱ
˫ײ֮󣬵˳˾ȻǺӣ
ӵʵȻǳ˵ʮֵּĳ̶ȡ
ڵһκͳƷֵʱ򣬾ȻƷ˻
ǬԪ˫͵һӵ
˳֮˫ֽеꪣϸĻԿŵ΢΢Ĳ
֮ɱ;棬ɱȻǾ֮ɫͬŨء
ĶԿϣȻ·硣
Ҫ֪һ壬Ǻ֮еĻ壬ʿٮٮ֮еٮٮߣͲ󣬵ͨطĶԺ֮׺ݵɱ·硣
һü
ϣ֮ͬУδ˿ԺԼģ¾࣬Ҳ׾ٵıԼ
ǬԪҲ˿ûʾ
ƷȻһӾ·磬β𺧣⵽ǴĶðĹ

Ʒһ˺᳤֮һӣķ糱һƽ
ӣе˼Ҳ̶ֳֻˣһϺˣҸʱ䣡
ƷЦЦʱЩ콾ϵ콾Ʒ޾鷳ǬԪͲ˵ˣݵʱ򣬾ͱǬԪԺ׷ɱ
˴Ļʳ֮ۺֻܹԺ׷ɱûнԴԴϵӿֻһ˵ĻֻһţҲܻ
Ʒܹ̫̫ˣˣĿֲڣ컯۷ĸ֣ҲǾԲܴǳƷǻˡ
ڣڵϮʱ򣬳Ʒһüĸо
ʱǬԪͬϵһ£ڳƷһѹ
ãããôĿ
ʱǬԪҲһӼŭˡ
еĳǹֱպɨ˹ֱӽ񷶼ѹһ㡣
һǹƽƽ棬ǹâЩһǹɨ˹֮󣬾Ȼֱжĸо
ǹâͬһƷ׵׵ĸûˡ
úã
ƷҲֱһɨԵֳ֣ԺѹһС

ǹͳײһɿֲ˼µ־ײ˼£Ϊֱ򵥵Ĺ֮Уһ˲ֱӻΪֲĿ񳱣˷ϯ
ˣ
ǬԪʱҲΪʲôоֵĺӾȻڳƷϳԿˡ
һɿֲ·ɽһ㣬նֱӾ䵽ĳǹ֮ϣǹ֮ϵػһӾͱ
ĳǹǹڲֱ۶𶯣ûסеĳǹ
ôôǿ
ǬԪҲͬһƷôôֲ
ԱߣҲһüĸоղƷѹ·磬ǬԪ֮оȻмֱģð
ûа취ڽͣһְˬĸоղſңҲ֪жôѲ˰ɡ
ҲֻԱ߿ЦҲ֪ƷѲҷǬԪǹƥԸƷ
䣡
е͵һӴ˹Ŀ񳱣޾Ŀ֮Уޣб˳׷ſѪڣųƷҧ˹ȥóƷʤ׷
룬
ƷҲеһɨȥһϰɳĹâֱպɨһ˲䣬ĺֱӾͱ»Ϊ˺ˮЩˮֱӱƷһɨˣʧǰ
âȥƲֱӺ˺ӡ
ͣ
ӵϱŽ˾˵Ѫұ߼ѾһƬѪģ
꣬꣡
ӲϴŴе㲻ţֻһѣȫƷУڹؼʱѾܿҪֻǱƷĹâɨЩѣǾЩȴҪֱۡ
ֱɨеĻֱ룬ܰ嶼ҵķ顣
ʲôأԲ˼飬û֣һ㼴ǸҲԾԵʵѹƳƷ㣬δرߣʵȴԽѹģûм
ֱ
·ôˣֱǲ˳Ʒϡ
ȻûӲǺӣ
ƷЦЦ˵⻰ںӵĶУֱܴ衣
ԳƷ˵ĲûһӴǺεȵĳ衣
ʱƷĿȴתǬԪ˵ǬԪɱĿ꣬Ӳֻ˳ˡ


1927 
ɱǬԪ˽
˫֮Ѿǲ֮𣬳ƷǬԪҪ֮Ȼ
˫֮û˿ֵأƷƾǬԪڰ
֪ǬԪĴڣǬԪȴ֪ţ
˵ǬԪҲû뵽ƷȻţھһֹ֮Ȼܴ콾ҲƷϢƷɽͼϢ
֪ƷţĴϻ۳̶ȣȻһ㶼Ѳ²⵽Ʒϣ벻Ӻͷ
ڰǬԪ´ȫڻһݣֱٴǬԪһֲǬԪûа취ԳƷãҪ֪Ҫ˭
뺣ӲͬĻʳжҲһˣʱ򣬴ĻʳĽӻǿƣĺʱָֺߣ֪ںϡ
壬壬ĻʳѪҲ١
նɱδϣڴĻʳ˵Ǵһ
ҲĺʣϾµĹѾԶڵǬԪʱ֮ˡ
ǬԪȻһ֮еһĴڣȴΨһһЩ콾콾ʵֻҪԸ⣬ֻʱˡ
ǬԪֻӵıµĻǽ죬һҪڴ˳ˣ
Ʒֻо֮еѪڷڣܹһ޵ˡ
ȻƷϽƷնɱĴ㣬ȻĻǰԽǬԪնɱҲ˿ԥ
ɶΪҾֻӵĳ̶ȣҲ̫Сˣ
ǬԪޱѿʱϣͻȻðһһŵĻ⣬˰С
ΪҾֻӵĳ̶ôǰûǰչʾģҾ㿴Ϊʲôµһ
ǬԪЦЦ֮дſ⡣
Ƭ֮䣬˾Ѿһ޴ޱȵĻˣǹŴĻ֮ȫ´Żףɢž޴ѹȸС
״̬֮ǬԪʵ͵һٶһΣȻֱӴ컯۷컯ء
ָƷѹȸУȻֱ˺üĳ̶ȡ
ƷǿǰǬԪ˲ͷӦ˹˵
û뵽ȻϵûǻǧĻ֮еߣǬԪ˵ҴûбʣΪҵʵѹκͬǿѾ㹻ˣòϻܹڻ֮£ˣ
û뵽ȻǻѹЩʷͬһ㣬ֻǴҲû˼˵˶ˣһֱûиϢ
ƷĮ˵
ƷѼܶǬԪϣһЩϵСϢᵽǬԪҲʣпǷʡ
ֻϢһֱû֤ʵûһŵܹ׿֤ʵϢ
ڴԱʵ飬ǬԪȷʵзʣǷ֮еٮٮߵĻ
ڻԵķ֮Уٮٮ֮еٮٮߣųƻƿߣָĻܹ֮ƿ֮Уӵڻ֮ߵڱ˵Ļ棬Ƕڻ˵Ǵ֮˵ǻԵͨ书˵ǸЧģֻһ㣬ͼҪ¼һСߡ
Ϊ¼һС߻߾˻ԵͨҲǼһֻԵѧͨ
Ƿǳֲģ
Ʒ֮ԻôΪڵʼ֮ойڻļأһϴɵĴ֮ͨǻȻȵҪһЩûܹ֤ɻʣҲǷĴڡ
ֺųʺʦ֮һսķ棬ҲͬǿĲ
ǬԪĵڣֻûùʵǿĸȻлԸ֮ͬеĸȴĶ֡
һֱڲع
Ʒع˻ӵ鶼һӱˣ֪ʱǬԪһȫˡ
ȻزҲͲˣ
΢΢һЦݷޱȣΪɭ䣬һĪĹâ
䣡
һɿֲϢ˷ɢ˿ȴǱˣǺӣɢһѹʵȻҲǲֱӳ嵽컯ص۷壬һֻѾ컯ء
±һɫˮУͬһɫһ㣬ͻȻ֮󣬺ӵʵһء


1928 ƷǸ
ȻҲرʣһֱڣڱ˿
е˼ƷЦЦЩܹ֮ͬ𣬼֮ͬеٮٮߣҪ֮ͬѹȺֻۣǿʳڣǸġ
ΪеģҲУʳڵ˲Ҳͬʱ߼ߵˣΨ˲ܹߵ
ʺ츳Ŭȱһɡ
壡
ǬԪĿɨһۺڵ״̬Ѿϳ˺ӵʡ
ʲͬǣ߱ĺ¼䶼պյĴڡ
һʶǵͻڲ֮ͬ䣬γһ˶˵ľ󣬵Ǻ岻ܹͬŴγɹģķʡ
ڵļں֮Ҳ壬ıķʣϵ˶ˣţļôܲǿ
Ӹо֮ԴԴϵķڵ
һԭӡģõģ
ҲһĥֶΣʷӡһֱѹƣĥĻܹԼ޶ȵ
һʵҲܹõһǿ
Ҳӵʵ˵ձͬʱ⻹ܹΪһֵƺ͵̣֪ؼʱ򱬷ǿһֲ
ǬԪǺͳͳˣ
Ʒȴͬ·Ӹأ෴ģսͷŵһһսĥӾˡ
ĸоȷʵܺã㽫ҵĵƸƳˣƻҵļƻѪϴˢҵŭɣ
ĿųƷ˵

ȻһʲôƷЦһûнӵкĺӷݶ򶨡
˵ʵͷ֮󣬶˸ԵǶ˵Ȼʲô
֪ɲǼ䣬ѾˣЦ֮пŶᣬһ˭ţµһǬԪҷս˵ǳƷˡ
ѹͷ˳Ҫռ䶼ѹ̮ˡ
ͨһտɫɫɣ·տľɣɢһֳʥϢ
ɱ
һɱ֮ξȻѾ˳ƷǰһӾѾɨ˹ķӿγϼ⣬Ϊˡ
ˣ
ѹͻնը˿˱
ʱĳƷأҲֱһɨ˳ȥеҲǲɽӵ棬·һɨȥͽһѹһ㡣

˫ײһ𣬺ӵĹƱ赲סˣĹƱƷųʮɵľ͸赲סˡ
ĽÿһǷ·𶼽ظȼһ
壿ˣƷЦһȴԣҪ֪ڵʵļ֮У֪ʶ˶پž֮
ʶͨĺܣǷûܹõʼֻǼǷҲǸոմﵽ׼żѡ
ڷ֮ϵķʶкܶ࣬һ壬
ʼս壬ĸǳ˸ǴߣǺܹᲢ۵ġ

ϵϢӿ񱩣һΨҶϢȺۣܵУ֮ͬг𣬻޵в޵еκǿУû˿ʾ
ˣ
Ʒɨһʱ䣬һսȻȵ˫Ļ˸оĲԾֻһսĿҲʹﲻˡ
˵ʱʱ죬ѹգֻǼ򵥵ѣ̸ʲô似Ψп׼ֶѣƫƫڳƷϱ˾˵
ͣ
ڲ˫ķһϼ⣬ϯ˷սᴩһС
һѪƾճ֣գһεײ֮󣬺ٶˣΪͷźͬսһۼֱӱҳһ󶴡
ڸղŵײ֮УһĹƷ׾ٵƿȻͱƷһؿڡ
֮˸žĿ⣬ѾȫˣǳƷδȫֻһֻ־ͽѹƵز
ֱţƷֱǹﰡ
ǿܹﵽزǹʲô
ĴﶼǱģҪڳƷϡ
ǬԪ㻹֣
ʱһȡ
˵
ǬԪһȣȴ֪ʲôʱֳһǬԪȻֱһǹųƷ˹ȥ


1929 ӱ
һǹ˺ܾãٶҲͬ쵽˼£ӰѾһǹ̵˳ƷĲ֮ϣҪƷ

һ޴ĺһĻĽ
һǹȻûа취Ʒķ
ʲôôܣ
ͻȻֵǬԪһûӦԼĹôȻûܹԳƷһǰӰ죬жô˵ķܹĳ̶ȣ
ƷķӦٶǸӾˣֱһѹա
أ
һֱǬԪǬԪһҽУڰ֮бѿĻɢ
ⲢǬԪı壬ĿܣƷһӾ͸ñˡ
ǬԪޱȵĮɱǷӿҪ֪ĿȻֻǿܶѣҲӵ൱컯ʵ
һ컯ĸ֣о֣ȴƷһɨ˷飬Ʒһʵ̫ˡ
ʱγһһɷ۷壬ƷƽƽеĹâ
˶ûһ˿һСƷųƷʵƴﵽһ޵ĵزδƷȫƳ
ʱ˶о˳Ʒʮֵļ֣֮ǰΪ˴˲Ķ֣ҪЩŲڿǰĳƷĿ¡
ʱѾܹɽƷնɱ
סʱ䣬ȵǵĻ˽ڣ
ӺǬԪ໥һۣԸ໥ƽջҲԲóƷ̵ְ
ƷҲʶǵĴ㣬ɲǼĹ˵ʱʱ죬еĳֱɨһ˵ĹâֱӳźӶȥʱѾشȻͳ֮еӡ
Ҳʶһ㣬оԼȫȫƷСˣֱܴ衣
Ҫʱ䣬ĽҲԲԼͬɥ֮Ȯһ㣬ɴֱӴһ̤žĲκϡ



һ޴ޱȵĺ֮Уꪺ֮ײ˳ǧΣʵ컯˶УееĹֻһѡ
Ѿ˫ȼռһս
ͣ
ǧεĽ֮˽һѪӿһӰҵĲ
ǬԪһҪҪ룬ȴӵؿڶһ󶴣ȻƷһ˸ԴƷŵѪȻżֽɫһ־˵ɱС
ۣһѪ˳ֻоһͷĿѣڸղŵײ֮УûκεͶȡɣֻоʵײ
ٶȣԵѹˣѹƵĺƢ
ֻһ㱶ѣȻˣһ˲䱻ش
һ˲䱻ش˫Ľ̫ˣǬԪĿҲֻһУӱĳ
һ˲䣬ѾӦ˹ԲóƷȥгǹѹգǹ֮ϱŽ˾˵ǹâֱӺɨգںӱشһ˲䣬ͳˡ
Ҫ赲ƷĹƣΪȡʱ䣬֮ǰ޵УȴҪͨ޵еϡ
赲ңôܣ
ƷЦһϱһĽ⣬Щ⻯˾޴ޱȵĽ磬ֱӵֵסһ˴̹ĳǹ
ǹâɨһУȴûа취д
ʱ򣬳Ʒֱеâ糤գѹһУ͵һӳźȥ
ôôǿ
ӻδӦ͸оӺ״һ˵ɱ⣬æתеһ֮ƣҪ赲סһ
أ
һ˵ĺ֮󣬺еꪸղסĻڸղŵǧεײ֮ѾһƬѪ죬˾Ѿӭһ
еɨɳȥ֮󣬳ƷĹȥƲպɨ
أ
ӱֱɨУ㶼㲻տɫҲķ飬¶˱ģԴһ˲ͱ飬ѪԽѳ
䣡
أӵԴ飬ը飬ݺݵ䵽˵֮ϡ
ˣ
Ʒ˵һ£˺ĺҲһɨ
ֱӱԳƷʱ򣬼ֱ޻֮
ӣˣƷЦЦ浽ˣĻʳǬԪҲҪ콾ϳ
ʱƷЦٲãǬԪ˵Ҳħһ΢Цһһвֱͷ


1930 ֮ķ粨ǬԪ
⻹ǰδе飬Դչ츳֮󣬾ͻǰδеӣ¶ǬԪҸĻ
˵һֱҵܱ֮£ȻҲսҲսǴδĴս
ȻҲж֣ҵĻ˵ƴ֮£ˡ
û޷Ӧ飬ĶҲͬˣʺʵͬ˸Ķ֡
㲻ͬˣҲĶ֣
ʹţֻҪɳ۷壬޵У
ӣҲ࣬ĴӵĶˣᵱĻȻҪٸֶս飬ͷǻҲ׳֡
Щ壬ԼӵܣȻһ׵ģ
ǬԪ˱ѷɫǺͳƷվǲͬģΪڳƷ˵ûЩʱʱ̶̿в֮С
֮ضսҲ֪˶ٴΣ
˫̬ͬһϵĴڣڳƷ˵Ҳʧȥ磬֮ļĥ˵ҲǷǳҪģܹɳĵزһδεսҲǹؼ
ÿһεսһԽҼ޵Ḷ́ļҲԶԶһˡ
ʱѾҳһš
ŵ콾ϣԭλеĵĺͻȻһʧˡ
˿һĻɵõһΪ̫ףͻȻʧʲôԭˡ
޷ǾԭҪôʧȥ˵콾ԭ򣬿Ǳ˼ȥ͵ˣ߱콾ɡ
Ͼ콾ֻǼ¼һֵİ񵥣¼еĸֶܹнȥġ
ֻҪ䵽ߣʵͻᱻ޳ȥ
Ǻ߶ǣǾֻһֿԣǺˣֻһֿԷпܡ
ôˣ˶ɵõһѹš
ӵʵȻ̸޵У¸ܻɱӵҲ
ܹȫȫһ£Ͼ˭֪֮ӱȻдĻ˵Ĵڡ
Ҫ໤˵ı֮½ɱѶȲڵ֮ѡ
£ô䡣
һ˶ȦˣϢҲһӾ˵ٶȴ¡
Ϣٶȷǳ죬Ϣʵ̫ˣ֮ǰǺܹע콾ҲڵһʱյϢ
콾İ¸ĸ֣¸ĵ֮϶ͬаڸ£κһεı䶯˵Ĺע
ͬƷʧҲ𺳹ƷͺӲͬƷʮ֮Ȼ֮ͬҲҫۣٮٮߣǺλǰĸһ콾űȽϴĲࡣ
֮һ˲˸ڶ֮ϣ𶯸塣
ô䣿
ӵĻأѵѾô
ѵǻǬԪ
ڶ֮ϣһ뵽ǬԪط˲ǻǷǳʲôġ
ǬԪҪһֵĴУȥѻǡ
˵пĻܹһˣģҲͲһǬԪѡ
ܹӵĻɱ⣬ҲڹܹҲĶ
ûĶҲû
е֤ݶָң
ɽ¥
˲ĺôһ˶һĬˣȻҲôΪġ
ǺһϣȻ˵֮иֺŲǺڵȺǸţǺӵȻ޴𶯡
ս֮ϣ˶޻˵ҲȥҴĻʳÿ˫֪Ҫ϶ŵĸ֡
ȴһ£ڸո̤㶫˵ͱôһ¨ӣֻҪڶѶҪԭʮˡ
ѪծѪ
ɱǣ
ҸϾɱ
֮һŭŭڵõϢĵһʱ䣬ҲΪǬԪɱ˺ӣûҲû
˵ںӴǰѻǬԪⱾǺƲ⡣
֮һ϶ӱչ֮׷׽Ҫ
ǻлǣûнĿ׼塣
Ͼ֮Ȼ弫ΪǿƣȴҲ磬ʵڲлͶĻʳҲûµġ


1931 췭ظ
Ȼڴ˵֮ϵɢӣиǲ֪жħޣа޵ȵȲУ˵ҲĻʳĵж֮һ
ǱϾͬ壬֣ͬͬƼˣЩ֮ϵɢ޶ͶĻʳԺЩͷߴ·ԴĻʳľֱܹӴ붫
Ǹʱ򣬶ͲǺ£ĻʳҲԲܽԼĻΧں֮С
֮еĸ߲Ȼһ㣬ȻһЩҪ飬ǺܿͶѹˡ
еìͷָңһ֧֧ƴĺ岿ʹ֮е޿ʼһĺĿֱָ֮ϵҵľݵ㡣
ں֮иԾԵסЩͼı֮ˣʼ֮Ҹֹһɿ񳱡
ܹģҲֻдĻʳһҰˣͬն
Ƕ̶ʱ䣬յϢҪжԶԷҵֱӸϳȥݵݻ٣ҲΪҶú޹ǣǵĻҵҲһ
ҵ˱ϳȥ·ȥϣϣܹѵĵطͳͳк
̶ʱڶ֮Ĳñһ
ȻʱղŸոմٽʵǰѾʼ½½вãֻǸʱ򲻹һľݵ㣬һЩеԴ̽һЩ鱨ˡ
ʱҸǿ󣬶ڶҲֻ͸һֱڲž㹻İܹڶٳһƬҵ
˭֪Ŷ̶ʱ䣬֮ϵĻҵͱ֮أȻڶ֮ϵĻҵҲѾעˡ
ڴĻʳҵļոյõϢɵɫ࣬һѪ˳
Ļҵʧ֮󣬿ǰפڶ֮еľǸɱնɱ
ڶ֮оӪĻҵҲ֮ϵռˡ
ЩѾ۲˺ܾˣֻһֱûжѣһ˵ǱȽˣ˵ǱҲ侮ʯû١
һжԴһϢǾǬԪնɱ˺ӣӵĻնɱҳ׺ͺ˺
ϢٶȱѶҵʱ򣬱˵ˣڲҲǬԪɱ˺ӡ
ϾǬԪʵҲǱʧ֮󣬿𷣣һ
ǬԪȴͬһϣǴٴ飬Ҳûס
ãںõϢŹǬԪϽ̫ӣ̫ӿŻʼҵĴԴ̸ˣĻϲҼʶһ㣬ϴȥü֮еϳأϸǲǬԪģ˺Ķ֣
Ҳ̫ӵһЩҵĹԲǬԪ£
ҼϾ˾ͬѣڴĻʳڣоԵİܹǬԪƫƫڷңԶĶ֮ϣҾʵǿҲе޳Ī
˭Ҳ뵽ݱ֮໥ײ
Ѿ¶ģ󣬶ǬԪ£ϣ
ûãڰλ֮еҸͻȻǰЩּһԭ֣ڸǳƴˣҪж
ҪһҪͬھƣ⽫ҵĸҲסˣǲ֪ʲô
ܿ죬ҲϢǬԪȻɱ˺ӣ
Ϣ̫죬ܿ˶֪ˡ
ǽȥ˺ƴˣ
֮ڵ֪ԭ֮Ȼ˺֮ΪʲôôƴˣȻ͸ǽȥ˺ǬԪ
һʱ䣬սӷ㡣
ͬʱ֮УȻ֪Ѿֵ췭ظڶš
ǬԪһѹŭΪ֪ǰ˵Ŀ£ԶԶ֮ǰκһ˴ѹ
ͬɱԷһԷҲ뽫ɱ
Ȼ֪˭ǵңϵ¶Ļ·
ǬԪ˵
ΣΣƷЦǬԪ̫ԸˣļʣʣԸĸȴ֪ʲô죬ˣҾ֪Ըûκô
ãҵҪô֪
ǬԪϸֳ˿֮ɫⷽ棬ȷʵ㹻԰֮ͬѾ޵̫̫ˣûĶ֣ЩϹܻвɴû¹


1932 ǬԪ
˸ոúޣҲûо˿ĵʵɲǺܱȵġ
䣡
һ˲䣬ƷֱӶˣеһӺɨ˳ȥӿ˹â֮УȻջһƬɽӵģһܣɽһ֮С
ųƷ趯һâ֮Уһжݻ˳ɱһǿС
ǬԪķӦٶͬޱȣеһ˳ǹ˲ֱ˳ǺɨգֱƺҪȼˡ
֮н磬ܹЩһķΧ֮ڣǼˣЩҲͬʮֵľˣֱӻһ񣬳ųƷѹȥ
ҲǬԪĻڱ˿µһ֮һıǬԪսͬ˸һĿս
ǬԪǺ壬˵Щ֣ǻֱ·һ
ƷЦЦ޾ɽѹȼյһ֮ϡ
ɽһѹеһ𣬸ûκζܹһƬɽ֮ѡ
䣡
˫ֱײһ𣬴ʱǬԪ͵һ¶˼ЦݣҺҵĻֱײȼհɣͳͳȼմ
أƷЩûбѹȥԲѰĻ棬ЩǻıԴ棬Щ治ͬЩѰĻ棬˵޷ֻҪմȾˣ·һ
ҲǬԪıϺĵƣ֮ǰûʹùһУ֪һжôĿ¡
Ϊ֪Ļȴֶ֪ôƷͬ¶˼ЦݣЩһӾմЩ־ԻɽӣƷȫȼ
ǳƷȴûһ˿һĻңȫȻһĽ⣬֮͸һɺɫĹâ
ɫĹâ˲һУЩ˹ĻȻƬ֮ͱ˸ɸɾ
ôܣ
ǬԪأȫȫţƷǾȻЩˣôܡ
ôܹĳ̶ȣ
ʲôʣ
ǬԪԺֲ֮ܶͬʣƺûа취ܹĵزͬΪԵķʣӦҲܽıԴյŶԡ
ΪѾǻԵķ֮еٮٮߣǿҲֻзˣʿ˵ǧѵһпܷʵĿֲʣȻͬѰ
ƷЩıԴ棬ǵûио˿ĲֻоȫůģЩ˵ǸǴ֮
ϾǻıԴ棬Ȼ漰˱ԴȻܺܶ࣬ǬԪԼıԴ֮ġ
ʣޣʮֵľˣֻϧ˳Ʒ
ӵеʼĳƷڣ˵߱һ̫ڤ˵ʣԴͷȺ൱ڷʵʣǻıԴܹ˺˵ġ
ǿĵôûκôնͷ­
Ʒ֮˸ź˵ĹâǬԪôõĶԹڣڿ˽ˡ
䣡
һ͵һ趯ɽ֮ٶԻ˳ƳһĽ⣬Ƭ֮䣬ӿ֮С
һƴûʲôرĹֻƾֲźɨǧ
ˣ
ǬԪ˲ֻо֮еĶĤҪըѿһɿֲҪѹԼȻƷסˡ
ƴˣ
ʱǬԪȻҲף˸ƴʱˣʱǲֵܵסĻľҪˡ
ʱѾϣܹɱƷΨһϣʱ䣬ȵĻ˽ȳȥٵļΣյսճġ
ֻЩ֣Ϊʲôڻûһͻ֪ΪƷնɱ˺ӵĹϵѾҳһࡣ
ɱ˺ӵϢҲһ˵ٶȴ˳ȥƷ˺ڹЩĸֶˣƴҪɱնɱǬԪǬԪЩҲƴ赲Щĸ֡
ǿȻǬԪնɱ˺ӣôڿܾôУҪǵİʹš
˳ƷһһĿռ䡣
ƴˣ
ǬԪХһθһأ˺ƻһ㣬ֱӭһϡ

ǹ˳˲䳤ǹͱ˳ȥֱӻһݺ˶֮Уǹϵı
ʱȥƲһֱӺ䵽ǬԪͷ­֮ϣǬԪͷ­˸顣


1933 Ļ
һ£ǬԪıѿƷһ
ͷ·һʯͷ䵽ĵף
ǬԪжѾкܳһʱ䣬һʼͬһǬԪһֱڣ׾ٵĽǬԪ
м侭˶٣ҲΨԼף
ΪԭնɱǬԪ֮Ʒоһ
ģֻҪǬԪһ첻ڳƷ˵ĸ󻼡
ҪˣԡƷһӷӦ˹ǬԪ֮УӦϾŶԣھȻ
Ʒ̾ͷӦ˹ǬԪķӦٶȸ죬һһ֣˺һᣬǰһţǬԪѸײڶ֮˴֮С
ߣ
Ʒһɨ˳ȥݺݺǬԪǬԪһҽУɢѪɳվûбƷֱӴ
һᱨģ
ǬԪ˫֮͸¶ſ̹ǵĳޣһ˲䣬ξʧ˴֮УҲ֮ʧΡ
Ȼˣ
Ʒ֮ĮԿ϶ղһӦǴǬԪŶԣǼȻѾǬԪôܻѡ
漴Ϳ˵ϵһޣ֪ʲôɵģϲŲϢ͸¶һֲ͹죬޾ԹѪС
ޣ
ƷһӾϳ޾ʲôɲô
һޣֻû뵽ǬԪоȻҲһޣҪ֪Ϲ޵ļֵҲǲɹġ
Ϊ޵ƼΪѣ˵ÿһ޵ɶȻ¾ܹƶɵģ޵ŷŭţ޵ƷҲ֮ʧ
ϵ޿˵һһƽʱȥûκôڹؼʱһΡ
ֻص㣬ٹֻҲ򣬾ǳƷֻҲûа취סջ󣬱Ͼ൱ֶһǿ˵һֱתһսս֡
ͬһΣǬԪֹĶֻ˳Ʒϡ
Ʒ֮мƣ޵Աˣ˵ôױ˷ֵĻҲôͷˡ
ȻмְգȴΣѾȫ泬ԽǬԪɱһΣȻɱڶΡ
ȻܵˣǾ͵һκˣϵҳ֣ɱ֮ʱƷ˵
ȻͽǬԪնɱϢҲκ鷳ǼȻˣǳƷҲɱ֡
Ȼɴ˿ҪҺ̫һϵȻ޿־壬ЩãЩ޿ˡ
Ȼ޿ˣǾɱһѪ·һƬգ
ȥ֮ǰնɱЩ̸ֵͷ­Ͻɣǳ⣬Ǹʱͬӵкλ̫һϵҪΪҲûôס
ܹڴĻʳ֮з֮ˣȻ˾˵Ĵ󹦲пܣͬģĻʳЩ˵ıҲȫλģ̫һϵȻǿ󣬵ȴԽ̫ξȥֱӶ֡
ҲǱ̫һϵڱ԰ˣµľЩԡ
ϾҲǵǸԱ֮ûеߣò˶ãаտ컯Ǹʱ¼Ҳֵܼ֮У̫һϵҪס
ټзڵ֧֣˭ʤ˭δ֪Ҳ
ƷͺӵʬȻʼǧ޵ĶǾ޾ͳͳɽͼ֮С
ǧ޵ĶǾ޾ͣƷһҹһջ
Ƭ̼ĹЩѾˣȻɽͼ֮С
ʱٳٶ۵ҲѾ˶֮вԾĵط˫Ļ˺Ͷĸּǵһʱʹ˽ȥϵľͲ˲Ծ
ĸһ巽ĸͻҪ䲻նɱǬԪΪӱ
֮ȻҪǬԪ˭֪˫ִ֣֮ĸֲƸʹбɨĸɸɾԭӦûʤǬԪӰӦȥ˵ĺӵʬҲûм
ֻиѪһЩ˫ϵóǺӺǬԪѪ͸ϢͻķǵУʣ˫ӦǱһս
ǬԪֱ̫ɱҺӣȻʬףֱ
ĸֿıףĿѣҵĸٶսһ
ҵҲûʲôֻǿЩĸַ˹ûеѡֱӭȥ
һʱ䣬֮սһţ˭Ҳûע⵽һ΢Ż֮Ȼ뿪ʧ֮С


1934 ϷϵĴս
һУźǬԪߣƷĻ
ĻҲֻǶڳƷ˵Һͺ˵ҵĳͻŸոտʼ
ҵڶ֮ϱʧء
ڵõϢ֮󣬺ͬĺҹ̸ͼɱһи֡
ͬʱЩĺҴӴ½֮ԴͶҸֱײһ
һѪս⧲չ
ѹǳݣںʹ֮¸ϵڵĺ򣬼֧ԮԼ̫һϵѵ˽һ֧ӵײһ
ɱ
֪˭һһƿϮɱѪһͷޱһ޴ʬ˺УƬ֮ͱϷִ
һΪˣһѪսڱˡ
޵Ѫں֮ϣѪϵţͬǵصһ㣬ϯƿտһϹһŵķըһöһöĵ͸ըա
ͬԾԼͬСɽһľ޴壬ˮڴǵĿ¶ͬһˮǹһС
¡¡
ǿµıը֧ӴĴյײֱӽﻯһ޴ޱȵս
ԶյϢɢֻԶԶĿţҿսķΧܹоÿ˵϶пֲѪڷӿʮǿߵѪֱʣγһƬĻ
ֻҪˣ»ûȫͻоȫȫѹȸС
ЩɢǿɫһӱˣȻڶ֮ϳ䵱ŵǴʱǲףɢ޺ӵгɽƾӵ֮ĲжôĿ¡
һǳưԶ֮ϵĺ壬ٿޣ˿ɵС
һǴĻʳ֮иҵ̫һϵм
˫粽ãֿµɱзӯ죡
ּս֮ϣ˵СģǬԱʱܱ֪Ķ䴩컯ĸҲֻԱܷӳСս֮ݺ۳Ҹıսֵǿ
ÿ£ʵҵ֪һľˣֻǴĻʳһҾǴĻʳʮǺεƣĻʳĶӱָǺε
ණɢ޼һĻɵ÷׷׵һǴĻʳĶѾкܶû˶ڶӵʵӡҲֻ֮С
ڿһĻɵõһ׹ߡ
ٿصսǴĻʳ̭ͺţȻ񣬵ǺͶӱȴǲģһ֮ϡ
ǶĻʳĶӵʵʮڴˡ
Ȼ˶֪ⲻĻʳͺײһӰˣڴĻʳ˵Ҳֻһң̫һϵڴĻʳڲ˵ҲֻǴĻʳһӰѡ
һϵں֮УҲֻһִѣӴĺ嵱Ȼֻܽĳ̶ȣҲܳưԶĻʳĶѹڶ
һʱ䣬ѪƯ֣
սֺᣬĶ֮ϵɢ޷׷Ŀɿڴ֮ǰҸϳȥЩʱѾЩڣ˭Ҳ벻ҺҵܹӴҪ˵ݺ˷Ȼǲ㣬Ƕڶ֮ϴ󲿷˵ҲһȻˡ
һʤطЯʤ֮˿ɵʱ˾ȻϣǺʤ
뺣ʤıĶľ棡
ԶһϮ°ɫ۵ĳƷڶ֮ϣʱҲһȦĿԶѾΪսȻ
ΪҲ㲻ôӣ֪նɱ˺֮˺εĺ䶯ͬʱ˺εıʡ
Ϊӵ˺һϵĺҵȫս
һֱܾ֮յϢ֪һսԭί
˵һǺ嶼ǵˣ˭ʤ˭˱˴˵ʵ⵱ȻǺ¡
ͬʱҲΪ̫һϵʵе΢΢𾪣̫һϵʵȷʵͬ죬ô̵ʱ֮ھȻܹۼôӴһ֧ȷʵС
ҲֻЩ̾ѣΪЩ˽ע޷⣬ܹĳڴĻʳ֮Уֻں⿪أĻʳԴ˲Żһֻ۱һֻۡ
˭Ӯǹҧһë
ƷЦһûһֱһսֻҪʱעսҲˡ
漴һɽͼռ֮С


1935 ܾˣսĻ
ɽͼ֮󣬳Ʒŵһ㣬һ˲䣬ܹоԼͷһҲʼ°빦תЧһ
ȼһǾ޾ͣɶǾ޾ɢоԼ˼άݣԵתЧʳɱ
ҲζţƷٶȿܻԭԤƵĻҪһǺεȾ˵ٶȡ
ƷٶȾѾǳ޷ģͬһɳǾ޾͵֮»ܹӿһ
ٶѾѰܹ˵ġ
ʱͻȻЩΪʲôԶʱʮ֤֤߱ȱȽˣǵʾԶˣν츳ټϸֺö϶ټԶʱĥҲӲпᣬһеһж߶ЩԶʱٶȳɳ
Ʒǰһڻδ͵ıǰһڻδ͵ıΪĿһҵĿͨڣһڱһӣһ޴ĺɫӡ
һڱ֮ȴ͸һɾ˵Ľ⣬һɽƺӡڽ֮У޷ͻƿǳƷֱ۵Ļܹоһɾ˽ƺܹͻʡ
Уһֽɨûе֣ڿŲ٣⽣ֻ͸һ˿Ѿʮ־ˣСľܹһ컯ĸشƷޱȵأԼ͸һںɫı֮С
Ƭ̼ĹѾһҰ׵˳͸Ȼ̺Ľɱ
һ׽
Ʒܹоŵ޾֮һڱһ׽
ҸǳƷǰ㣬һδɵı෴ģһڱʵѾˣһڱ˱ˡ
νؽ޷ɲһڱģ
ƷҲڵ֪һڱ֣
Ÿһڱ̽ɨ֪ǿС
˳ƷУĿǰĳƷûа취ȫƿظ֮һķӡ磬ÿ⿪һ㣬ͻһ츲ص
ĿǰƷҲֻǴﵽʹøͼҪѡ
뵽Ʒԥֱʩչ˻ʼս֮йķʼ˸
ʱиƷսҲһ޴
ʱգۼţڳƷȫԸļʱڶ֮ϣĻʳ̫һϵĴͺ֮кһϵĴĳͻҲĻ
ʱѪս˫ʧأսѾɣսսҲԳƵشֵܹڻδɼ˫Ǻεȵľ񲿶ӡ
˫ǱһҪֿµĴɱ׷׳ŶԷ˳ȥ
ֻ˫ʵ޼ûһܹȫռƣ㺣һռݵ֮еҲûҪֽ˼ֻԹۡ
Ȼ˫ܾ˵˲֮Ҳв˱ͬ뷨
ʱ֮У˫ͬսһиľӣĸּսƬѾѪȾ죬ѾǺˮѪһ㡣
֪˶˫ĸ֣壬Ҳк壬һͷһͷǻ۲ߣȴӴӵмΪǿʵޡ
ѪƯ֣ˣЩں֮µ޶ŵùǺ
Ѱڶ֮ϵɱЩ޵׷ЩָոտսѾŵð˫ǿɱһܹܵסġ
սһֱ˵죬Һ̫һϵȿʼ˳ս
ȻشУҵľ񲿶ӻɵ˳սٶȼ죬뺣еͬ۵ʬ嶼ûͼߡ
һҲشʧ֮Һ̫һϵ֮£һ֮زȻʧ֮
֮ǰһҪΪӱһҲûˣʧ֮Ҳúһϵĺ߲ᡣ
ЩǿƵ޵ʧѾ˵屾ĸȻһֱںͷ޳棬ȻҽصɱĿ꣬һһܵĹûпǣʱʱľк컯䡣
Ǭĸʧǲһսֱӽһ֧С
زҲ׷ͲҾӸϽߣĻ˭ȱҲ˵
ܿ죬Ϊ˾ԭҲ˳Ǿԭʧ˵ĴĻʳǬԪȻ³ˡ


1936 ɹĶʱ
Ĵս֮УѾж˵ĺ֮⣬һܹע˹ĻʳǬԪҲ䲻
콾ϣǬԪֻһֱڵһλ֮ϣҪǲǺͺһˡ
ǬԪ䲻ںֵηǱӣźӵʬȥ١
ຣĸŭգӱɱҲˣȻʬ嶼ŹǬԪֱޡ
֮ǬԪˡ
˵˿ǬԪѪǿҪĵҵſڡ
δ˼ǬԪǱģһ˴˼ǵɥ֮Ȯ
ڲСϢǬԪֻһͻ
һֱ֮ǬԪڴӻ֮ѹ֮ĵһϢǣɱ֮ˡ
Ϣһ¶ˣΪϢ֮Ƕ϶ǬԪɱ˺ӡ
ǬԪ֮⣬˭Ǹ˭Ǹܹɱӣ
ǼҲĬһУΪǲϧͺ˺սڶ֮ĻҵҲ
ò̫һϵĳŵ棬ܹѵĳ֡
Ҫ֪Ȼѣֶ̫ӵ£Ǹ֮仹ǾϵҪǳ˳Ȼûô򵥣ҪĴҲ㹻Ҹ߲¶ʮֵۡ
ֻΪ˾Ȼδϣ¶ǲϧһдۡ
ȻǬԪϢȴǣӸͲɱˣǬԪش˲ء
¶ʱŭˣǸһ
֮ǰǸһҵľݵ㣬ȡƸҺòײҵҲһˣѾ±ס
ΪѰһƳѰҸʱ䣬Ҳֱӵ˺õϢĺӾѻԭһͻϮжܾ˵ս
ǸһȻĲǬԪͺӴսһ̵ְɱ˺ӣǬԪ
̫һϵͺһϵĺ屬˴սܾˡ
ҵʧǴĿģһҹص˼ʮǰҵʵʮꡣ
֪ٸֶ˶֮ϣҲԲԸ⿴ģȻȴ֪һжǼٵġ
һʱ䣬¶ѾױŭˣϢҲٶȴ˳ȥ
ȻǬԪɱǱһϣڵ϶ôô
ĻӰͼο϶ıģֻûܹαװҲֻܰջӰͼ׷ˣҹƲʲôЧ
Ҳ֪ĸǰ˳ˣҲĸǷôǿǻʲô˵ģ
һονʧˣҿδʮ֮ڣǶûнˣ
ֹңҴϢҲǳһƿǶΪǬԪɱ˺ӣΪ˸ӱŻѪƴף˭֪һ
ֻһ˾ͽȻŪڹ֮䣬˼ֱ£ǲ֪Ǻˣ
ЩСϢģģҿҲȻҲôҷ粻ϽֻҲǹҵȣö忴İɣ
˶ѾˣϢô̵ʱ֮ڴķзֻ¾ҹ⽫Ϣġ
ΪĻʳңȻܶԺͷҲԸ˱˺ڹδһҪǲֻܽʱض⵽Ĵ㡣
ڴĻʳ֮УӴ󣬵ڶ֮ϣȴʲôˡ
ҲԤϵǰ㣬ڵõͷŵ֮󣬺巽ҲϾ¿δչһΧˡ
̫һϵͨһεĴս֮󣬳ɹԼϣȷʵ㹻ǿʵǺȫ֣Ҫ뽫׸𣬲ס
˺߲ܿ˾Ҽ֡
ţҲ˶ɱ޵ͣȻҲ֪ģ벻޵ıģҪĻӰͼνҵĸʷǳͣʢŭ֮µĺѾ˲ôࡣ
ĸֶʼ֮һĺѰ֣Щʵĸ֣ں֮ϣҲһһš
һʱ䣬֮ϣһƬɹ
һµʱҴŶ
ɽͼĿռ֮УƷ̿ϣϢԲƬɽͼΪһ塣


1937 Ǭ۷壬컯
ɽͼ֮УƷɽͼеΪһ壬Ϊһı־
ʵϣƷΪ֮УȷʵһǰҲǸոտǬء
ڲ˳ˮ۵ĿǬ۷塣
ȻδͻǬƣʱΪ͵ȣȴǸͬն˵սһϡ
ʱӺǬԪٳ֣Ҳһ˲ֳܹʤ
˴֮ʵʵ̫󣬸ͬն
ܹڶ̶µʱ֮УΪһжǾ޾͵ƵİĿ֮⣬ҪĻİ
ӶҵĲƸ֮󣬳Ʒȱʯֱȫ
㹻ʯټ֮ǰƷնɱô컯ĸ֣ǵľѪȫȻͳͳΪϡ
֮䣬öӴҩ֧֮£ƷֱԽĿޣǬֱӿǬ۷塣
ճƷԭٶȣȻѾѰ˿Ķ࣬Ҫ뽫ǬԲǵҪʮĿ޲ɡ
һӾʱ䣬˵нľԴĶǾûģǹƥɢôȵЩ壬ųӵܡ
ǴöѾ˴󲿷ֵʯϿ̽ޣҪǳƷӶһҵĿƸ֧Ų˵ġ
ǬѾھỹаµʱ䣬һʱԳһ컯
ƷĿģ֮ǾԲܴҲܽ˼øˡ
ڵΪƷȻоԵİգǬԪϣȻη塣
ԵĻҪһ컯ȻսˣѰ컯صĸָĶ֣Ǭ컯Ͼ
һ컯սҲһԾϣ컯أɨ޵С
Ǹʱ컯ĸ֮УֵĶ޼컯۷ĸ֣֮ͬǰЩ̣ĸǰ㣬һһҪɱҲܡ
һ֮Уվ۷壬ò˶ãԺЩһ࿹⡣
ڳƷĿ֮һöɫĹʵΣɢһҩ㣬һö
һΣƷնɱЩ컯ĸ֣ǵľѪһöʵǵö
һСͳƷոջõʱҲ뱩ʮ֮󣬸ƶˣ·̫֮еһ㡣
ԶԶֻܹˣΪľϵ֮һ̺ľϵͨΪƷѡľϵ̫ͨˣٶӵоܡ
ǿΪڲ֮أΪԶԶƷ̫ܹ࣬ķ
ȻЩĿǰƷƷڵȴĳ죬ѾҪɳڵ۷壬ڡ
ȵǸʱĴСҪǧ֮ߣͨһ㣬ӵܣڳƷǲϵιٳɳˡ
ô౻ƷնɱĸֵľѪʵֻһСֱת󲿷ֶߣΪ֡
ҲǳƷּģһڣܹӵҲǼöܹᲢ۵ġ
Ϊľϵѹ죡
ǾƴһѣʮΪޣͻƣͻƣͻƱ뿪
Ʒһҧ˵ԲżͻƣҪżġ
Ʒһöһתʼһ߽һöȥ
һöֱӻһɢڼһӴɢ˳Ʒ֫ٺ֮С
Ʒתʼһֲĳ컯
Ʒľһ˲ɢ˲ҪΪһ塣
ƷƮƮΪһ壬ƺĴչǰȴòС
ƷһоֻҪԸ⣬ͿΪһ壬ؼһһң֮
أƷԺ֮еɢһ߲ʵĹâƷ˲²ĸо˹
ʱðһ亹ʧش֮Уûмʱѹֻ¾Ҫ׺Ϊһ壬ȥΪ֮еһ֡
ɲǳƷ׷
һ֮󣬳Ʒ֮ķǵû˿ļ෴ģӵļᶨ
ҪҲΪ


1938 ͻƣ컯
¼ᶨ˵֮󣬳Ʒ֮еʱһƬ˿㯡
Ǭ컯
˵Ǭ컯еİ塣
Ǭһ֣棡
ˮۣÿһǰжǳѣÿһڴȫµʷ
컯ͬоڶᣡ
ᾡ컯
ԭڸ˵컯Ӷᵽ׳
磬˵ÿһжУ
һ߻Ե컯
ԭڵ;ʱѾˮۣǴδ컯㣬ԸоÿһΪһ
ر޳˳жֶܶѣУҪԵ컯
Ϊеزĸ֣˵ǲ˼ش˾֮ˣǳд˳֮Ϊ컯֮ˡ
컯ؼĻԵᣬԴȵȵۺϣ˵컯컯ǰǸģӶ컯컯ҲǱؾ֮·
ԳƷͷΪΪ˳иУͬղʱ˳еĺֻǲϵĴ
ȻΪҲһ˵ٶһ֮ڰշ룬ΪۣƷܻɢ֮䣬ֻлججʶƮ֮УΪһ壬Ϊһ֡
ֻ棬뵽ƷѾһëȻĸо
֮ȻΪȻƷҲֳŵϦҲľ񣬵Ҫӣġ
㻯ͬʱڵķҲǸûֹͣԴԴĿʼͻ
Ϊͻ컯Ʒ֮ǰѾһе׼Ƕ컯򣬻Ƿϵͻƣϵɱ䣬Ѿɡ
Ĳͱһ㴰ֽˣȻҲаʮ֮ͻơ
ǬԪǬ۷ͻƵ컯뻨˰ϵʱбչأɣƷѵʱҪٵĶˣͬն
ڴ֮ǰ׼浽ҪͻƣܲһͻƣƷԼûʮİգʱ䲻ˣûʱС
ʱһһĹȥƷڵķڣеĿˮһıӿֱƷһķΧ֮ڣһδβͣĳ컯
ЩһֻֻĴ֣Ҫץ֮䣬֮䣬е컯
ڣ˵ʮ죬ƷڵͻȻһ߲ʵĹâԭһֱһһϸ赲סĳƷһһԾǨһ㡣
䣡
Ʒڵķڲٱסһйڣͬĺˮһһ
ƷľҲ˲ﵽ컯һʵԾǨ
زƷܹоһѹȸд֮䴫
ƷȻףָоҪ֪޳Ϊۻ仰˵ضκһ鶼һͬʣиԵ컯
ڳƷҪذŵ컯ذŵˣȡؼ컯֮ͬгһİϸһӶؼ컯Ϊá
ڳƷ˵ǿǶ˵ȴͬһĴڣȻҪ⵽صų⡣
ΪǿųҲԽԽǿң˵ЩǿҲָѣֶΡ
һ֮󣬾һȫµĽ׶ΣߴԭӰ֮ӣؼĶָоȫȫͬġ
֮ӣܵӰҲлеزٽһȴҪȫȫܹܵļޣܵĶ󣬱ԵĶ
ܹеǬĸ֮Уܹ컯ıٷ֮һеļѿ֪д󲿷˶޷סصĶ⣬־̫ᶨ
ϾЩ֮ӵ˳˳ˮûʲô۵ģƳƷ㣬ÿһ綼Ҫƴÿһ綼żɱģڡ
лĲͬ͵ͬǰԽ˳컯ԽǳԿ
־ᶨκһܳΪϵ
ͬʱƷϾȻһžȫɢһĽ⡣
ľͻƵ컯֮ҲڸŽһͻƣͬеɱ䡣
кɿຣĴǿһ籩йһĿʼ
Щ֮Уһ˿˿ĵһĻ棡
컯ȫͻƣ


1939 սع
ƷĻҲȷʵ㹻ķ֮Уɢÿһϸ֮У㹻֧ųƷĻʼսиһ
ֻǳƷľһֱûµͻƣĻʼսҲûа취ȫµͻơ
ʱĻʼսƷոʱѾȫȫĲͬˣںһֵ̫ڤ壬壬󶥼ڼǳƷԶԶǬԪľȴ׾ٵĻǬԪĹؼڡ
ʱųƷͻƵѾˣƷʼ˷ͻơ
ÿһϸ֮Уڱȥǿ˺ÿһϸ˺ͬʱ顣
һ֮󣬳Ʒֹͣɱ䣡
ʱƷ·ոմѪ̳һѪ
ЩɱĹ֮УʳģѪ֮żںڣǱųĶء
ɱԶȾɱ仹ҪѣϽ֮еĶųڣϵʵԾǨ
Ʒ΢΢һЩѪ˲裬Ȼ׷䣬¶˰۵ļӤһ㡣
ʱĳƷ٣ԭʮһ㣬಻൱ʮ˾ģꡣ
ԭֻݣھεĲԾǨ֮ѾȫĲͬȻòû̫ı仯˵ľѾֻͬϸ΢ı仯һ˵ò̥һı仯
ʱĳƷһϮ°ɫۣʮģͦΣһȡ
ˣʱˣ
ƷһЦͻƵ컯֮˵սֱǷ⻹ͻ֮ǰѾ컯սѾ㹻ǿ
һͻƣ൱˲ս˼ʮ
͵ȣɱֱһ츲صı仯ҲƷѾ˼ҪͻƵ컯
컯ΪھϣҲԺЩ콾ȼ磬˵սԶԶЩ콾һء
ǿ컯صĸҲסһԺɨ
컯صĸֳƷ԰Ȼ뿪ȫˣ컯صĸҲأΨһвҲ컯۷ĸ֡
ȫͻ˵Ļʼս廤Ǵ򲻹ӻǿӵĵġ
ոͻƵĳƷʱһ֣еĸо
ǬԪó֣Ļÿһ
ƷĿģ·ܹͷգǬԪ
Χһɫ޳ߵĸڳƷΧת
ϸһ㵭Ľѹֲܣļ£컯ĸְһҲᱻֱնɱ
µʱ䣬ƷڽĵһӡܹʩչȻΪޣһСģ컯صĸֶᱻشҲᱻƷնɱ
ʱƣƷΪԽԽǿܹĸķӡҲԽԽ࣬δֵ궫һֵķɲ¡
ȻƷûĽҲϣڻʼս֮صĽзʼĸִĽ£һնһ硣
ʩչ𸲺Ľֻǿ
ŷ֣˵ʼսֱһϵı⣬ʱƣΪڲϵԭ಻е񹦱䷴ˡ
Ƿǿľ䣬¼ǿߵĵãʱ֮У˵Ǻ͵̫ʱȺװԶʱʲˣֻǷǿ߶Ѿһ˵ˡ
Щʼսϼص͸еıһȥѪȷ磬ҲˣѰ֮෴Ķǵĸ֣һЩϹﶼ˳ɽ
ӵı⣬ƷȻԸĴн̫أȱĲе伮ǸԴ
ʱ֪ҵˣ
Ʒ˵
µʱ䣬ƷҲһ֪Ҳȥ̽ȻҲ֪֮ǰΪԵʣҺ̫һϵ뺣֮кһϵ֣Ҫˡ
˫ܾˣ˲أһҵöա
ܿҲõϢıףͨƷȻֻ֪Ʒͷ֮ӣҲ֪Ʒ˭עҲһǧˡ
˫ҧƷ˺þá
һ˱Ѿʧɽͼ֮Уһ˲䣬Ѿ˶֮ϣ̤һݹ⣬ݵķȥƬ֮Ѿʧʡ


1940 ңɽٵ
һһҹ֮󣬳ƷѾݽ
컯֮󣬳Ʒķٶȸǿ쵽˼£ѧһȫµΪ绯
е۷壬˲ϢҲڻ¡
һڱʵҪܸߣƷҲһֱе컯Ÿʩչһŷ
ȻԳƷʵҲܴﵽ˲Ϣ£Ҳ˲Ϣѡ
ٶȻһһҹŸոսӽݽĵ
βϵ˸ÿһ˸ľ룬ٶȿ쵽˼µı֣ÿֻͣʱ򣬲Ż¶Ρ
Ҳֻһ˲ͣ˲һ
Ʒͣ˽ŲĵĺѾָĲˣһ·ƷûκͣЪϵʩչ绯Ȼǳ
֮ͣ󣬼¾Ѿָ˸߰˰ˣս»ָ۷壬Ļָȷʵʮ־ˡ
ǵǸľܹһƷҪͳƷսֻǱƷ
ǰ޾ĺϣȻͬžһ㣬·ʲôǿס˺Ĳһ
ں֮ϣһ˸ʲôǳƷˣѾеˣҪ۶ӵп˷۵ЧȻܹԼԼ֮䣬ȺɽƯں֮ϡ
Ⱥɽƴ˵еɽһ㣬Ưں֮ϣƣ·˵е˼ɾһ
ɽɽˣ
ƾǰǳƷȴֻ֪ǼѣȺɽڲĿռ䣬ǰǳƷǷһ궼ɲ
ɽĸ
ֻҵĽڣܹУԾǿʵƿռϣͻС
Ʒ֪Ƕڿռ䷨൱п顣
ϸһȻĿռ֮УһŴ֮ͻأĳ֣ͬ˲ռ֮еɽͺ硣
ȻͨңɽģӦþһˣƷ⡣
ҲǳƷһеĿĵأңɽ
ȻݣǳŨڵؽ͵֪ҪŨ٣Ҳֻͨĳ̶ȣݺܣŸָŨĵطϹ䣬νʮ죬ʮ֮˵
ңɽǴ˵еʮ֮һ
ؼĴӵһŵϺŵĶ߸أΨˣõĻܹԴԴϵĵӡ
ңɽԭǺңɣ֮ʢֱʮż𣬿Ǻ뢣ڶϺ֮ӵмΪ˵Ӱ
ǺȻһᣬһλǷ˴Ļʳļɻ䣬ǻֵ֮ĵһսǸңɡ
Ȼңຣ֮УһĴڣԴĻʳȻ޻֮
ոյǻҪ泯Ұ¶ֻ֮ʹĻʳһģ̫ξΪףĻʳµʱ㹥ңɽնңӣңţ̫ϳϣͨӣŵӣɱԺһʱңһҹ֮䱻š
еԴӶһգֵ伮Ļʳ֮УйĹ
սĻʳȷϣŵùǺԱȼʮżȻﶼһսһ궼Ųȥοء
ңɽֱڴս֮´󹦵ĳΪ˳иء
һ֮ռһиأĻʳҲǶһ޶ģ¡ɴ˿ɼһߡ
Ʒȴǳʵֻ봫˵в޶£ǻҵһ֣Ļңɽ⣬ʱ⵽ֹ
ĻʳĶӶ֧ԮʵǿĻֻͱ˹ˣƾĻʳıܡ
ԶԿӰʱӹǰ棬ǸǰĿˡ
ڳƷ˵ҪĵȻǳҪٰᣬǶ˵Ҫȴǳٵ
ٵ֮˳ƶΪˡ
Ϊٵָ꿡壬Ϊ˼Ҳֻ˳ˮ֮ơ
ƷɨһۿȥЩǰ֮ˣһ֣Ӱ˷߾һ꿡壬棬һԼȡ
˵ÿһ˶ͬѰͷСģ
뵽ƷҲԥֱ˺֮ϡ


1941 ǰĳͻ
ǰһȺ°ɫ۵ӱ˺֮ǰ
һ֪Щ˶ǷڵĵӣҲǷɫ°ɫۡ
ôǰǽȥأ
һڵĵʮƵ˵
ЩڵĵȻҲͬһ㣬ʸǰμٵģҲ洫ϵĸ֣ÿΪǬ˵ÿһڷͷ
Ƿ֣ǾȻϲ˺ţֻҪһ̤ȥͻᱻֱӻ
˵ɫЩÿǵĴϻۣȻǿףֻ²⣬ǵΪ̤Ϻš
Ҳһ飬Ŷûа취ɹˣûʸμٵ
ʵûа취ֻǷŴ飬Ƿڵĳǽȥˣ
һڵ洫Ӳĵ˵
Լ̤ϺŶɹźóӣ
Щ洫ӳԷڣܹڷ֮гͷأĸǸ˽ܣˣôܸľӳԼʧܡ
ߣһȺˣںųʮ֮һ̳ĵȴǷǳô
أԶһԶԶģһŻӹգƬ֮䣬Ѿ˵ǰ
һɫۣһȼյĻһˣưü֮仹żаȵ顣
ûãһȺ˺նЩ˶̴ӵĴ磬ǸˣֻǵΪûа취˶ѡ
ħڣ
ڵĵӷ׷¶ѿ飬˵һɫĻ泤ʵ̫ˣô֮УҲǳħڵʽӡ
Ϊʮ֮һħħŽȻҲһˣԶвٵ˵ڶԷϣʱ˵ԩ·խ˼ۺ졣
ôĵӣǳµ֮أЩаħҳ֣ôһڵ洫Цһ˵
аħ˹ЦΪڴĻʳ֮ôʲôаħǴĻʳĹҲܲιɲֻʮţҳħڵǰҲн飬˼ٵҵΪʲô
ڵĵǴʱҲڳĺܶഫţⳤѭ浸֮дţͻַһ֮ңɽأûнôĻʳ
аιֻǾ֤֣а֮жѣԳΪֻҪԸ⣬ȻкܶԸύ
˭֪Ҫٵϸİͽ俤ѡһŮû˵ҪǴĻʳڲһ¼ȺۣȤĶˣ
Цһҳ湫ȻҲΪ˶ЩΪʲôҲûǱˣΪѡһôȻǴѡһֲϹ俤Щʲô콾ûϹְΣҽ֪ʲô࣬Ҳˣƽ׵ĶҲǵĲΣ
湫ӣ㲻Ҫ̫ˣ콾ϵĸ֣Ҷǳ֣ѵǴʦôʱһڵӷŭ˵
ȻףΪ콾񶼲Զֻ콾ĵһϴξͲһ֮ڣǳƷʱ֣ܿҪϯɳֲܹ⡣
ǵĴʦ֣ɣǱҺһѣҵ鷳˭˭鷳һأ
湫Цһ˵
콾ϵǲһЩɣǰѣ˭ʤ˭ܹ⿴ЩֽϵݣÿٳӺ͸׼ĵơ
ˣЩ˵Щʲôȷǣ
湫Цûд㷭ЩڵĵӣſʵˣȻףЩڵĵӿɶǷڵĶһڵͼһ֡
ƽʱҪôķ洫ӳȺӵĻǿɲףǧѷĻᣬŷڵĳûг˵ʱ
湫ӣ̫
Щڵĵӷ׷״һȻԳ湫ӷ˽һɴӡ˳ȥڰ֮УЩɴӡֱ۳һֻ֣ѹҪԴ
С
湫ЦһɲǼ䣬ֱӳˡ
ɴӡͽҳħڵĳħ


1942 Ʒ֣
湫˵ʱʱ죬гһѳɫĳȻǾƳɵģܻ棬ɫ֮дɭȻħ
ɫħһ֣ն棬˲˹ȥɲǼ䣬ͽ񷶼ΪһƬ𺣡
ͣ
Ƿɴӡֱն
ۣ
أ
䣡
һ֮Щڵ洫ӾȻֱӺ˳ȥ׷³һѪ˲ͱشˡ
컯
һڵĵӺ۾Ŀɿڴ
Щ֣ǳ湫ӵĶ֣ȻΪ湫Ѿ컯ˡ
Ȼ湫콾㿿ǰҲǰʮңǶ˵ȻǲĿֲڡ
ֻͨ洫ӣڷ֮ȻһͷĴ֮£㲻ʲô
Ǭ컯֮Ĳ࣬ɴ˿ɼһߡ
Ȼ֪ǱϾδ컯ֹҲûô֣Ȼס컯ֵһ
ÿ£湫Ӻǰǿˣ
ôʱ䣬˵콾ˣһЩ콾µ콾ҲѾ׷׿컯ˣ
ڵĺԽԽˣ
ʱΧѾ֪ľۼ˲ˣ඼Ƕ֮ϵɢޣвǰص컯ľͷͣ˽Ųû¶Ρ
ԴˣǶǼֲˣͬݣǴĻʳıûʲôаħݷһ˳֣ȻٴĻʳȫһ
ڶ֮ȴͬڶ֮ϳĿӴɢ֮⣬࣬аħС
ħھһպħڣܹ湫콾Ķ콾֤
콾֮Ϊӣ̶ܴҲйأ콾콾ƾʲô˵ԼĴУ
ʱ򣬿ħںͷڵĵײϣ˶ɵ¶˼ֿϷ飬ħȻȷҪСһЩڶ֮ϣڵٳҲ
ħڲ·ڣ
ߣڵķɴӡҲˣǳħڵĳħҪԶˣ湫Цһ˵֮ޱȵ԰˵ʱʱ죬ֱӳżһ˹ȥҪ˵书ϵڳٵķϣҲɱǣҷϵǵ书֪ʲô
˭˵ɴӡǳħأȴֻһʵһ˵Ľӹһ˲ͽһ޴Ĵָնıը
ʲôˣ湫ʱЩҲ׷ɫ䡣
ţһӰѾ˵ǰ
ⲻܡʦ֣
ڵһ洫ӿǰһ°ɫ۵ĳƷʱɫ׷ױˣȫȫǲš
ȻǳƷ
Ҫ֪ǰʱ䣬ƷϢ˵ֵķз
һʼҲһ㣬Ǻܿ죬ҲѾƣ鸺𣬶˵նɱƷһ콾콾Ȼһĺ£Ҳûʲôġ
Ȼޱȵŭϵģǲ˴ĸǰֳ飬ǵóĽҲǣƷĹ֮´
콾ϣѾû˳Ʒ֡
˶Ĭ˳ƷӦѾˣкܶ˶ɵøпƷͬҹ֮еһ㣬ֵ̫ˣʧٶҲһޱȡ
˶ûüϤ֣ƷѾ֤ʵˡ
˾˰ʱ䣬ѾƷԺ󣬱Ͼֻʧ֮һû塣
ǿƷŵʱ򣬿νǼԻͣһϵеļ¼Σ˭Ц˭Цľã˭Ц˭Цá
Ȼǰ˵ĳƷ߱ʸ
Ʒ䣬ڷ¸֪ڸ߲㶼Ϊ֮ŭòײų˳ƷһԺɱȼ磬Ӧ˫һţ˭뻹δüӳԼʵѾˡ
ʧֱǲɳ֮أƷδܹɣ÷ڷ
δ㲻Ҳ̫ϳϯ̫ϳϡ
˾Ȼˣޱȵķŭȳַɨڸصķ̳
ȻҲԤϣѾˣֻһտǣ÷һա
÷ڵĸ߲ͬ˺ݺһһ
Щڵ洫Ȼ֪ģ˭룬ΪһٵʱһΪѾˣ³ˡ


1943 ɱ㣬Ϊ
ΪˣǲŻ˵Ĳţֱͬ˹һ˵Ժ֮еһӦðƷĻôܻһһģһˡ
ϾƷ֮ǰǱȷΪˣ̵ֻǻԲţ콾İ񵥶Ʒ޳ˣҲ˵콾İ񵥶ѾӦ˳ƷǳƷ伸ǰ϶顣
Ʒ³ֲŻǸо𺳣
ʦ֣ǳʦְ
ܿǾѾȷˣǵǰľԲʲôðģľǳƷ
Ͼʱû˻ȥҪðƷҲûбҪ
ǲ֪ƷδģǺʣʱ򿴵˳Ʒֱͬ˾һ㡣
ǳƷʱ湫Ҳ¶˼ֳԾ飬ȻͳƷûչ棬ͬ콾Ȼܲעʮ˵Ķ̬
Ʒֳôôֻ֪ܲǲδϣһҴҶҴҶǰˡ
йһ뷨ǾǳƷ̫ſˣŻ˱˵壬ֳ츳پޣء
ȴ룬Ȼ￴ǸΪѾ֮ˡ
ң
ƷĻһƬȻ󲨣Χĺ֮У˫۾һĻƷȷ֮󣬶ʱһƬȻ󲨡
ȻǳƷȻû
˲ɵŴͣأԲţǰվŵ˾ǳƷ
ôܣ콾϶ָĨˣôģ
Ʒ˭ôǶʶӣ
һЩչأڲΪٵصĻϹû˵Ʒ飬һ£֪˳Ʒ¼֮Ҳɵ÷׷ͳ档
֮ǰΪƷѾˣǿԲںϾһξվҲѾˣƷţôеѾȫȫͬˡ
۷׷ףⲢӰ쵽ںǰĳƷͳ湫ӡ
湫ĿųƷӸղŵĳԾ±˿ĮȻ֪Ϊʲôţ㻹أң֮ǰ컯ԶȻ֪ô콾ģһ֪ͬ콾컯Ǭȫ£
湫֮б˺˵ɱ⣬Ȼ֪ƷôģȤ
һ֪ģǾǳƷɱˣ
˶ڳƷֻǾڴĻʳԶ󽫾پһƷ󽫣Щ֪ȴһЩһЩ콾ʮּ֡
ǾǳƷȻǹ俤˼δȻ˼ʦǰˣڳƷҲϿɡ
Ƕ־һε϶ڵ콾˵ƷĴڼֱں
Ͼʱ˼ֳһϼ޵־Ļôɾ̫ѿˡ
ȻҪȢ˼ҲҪͳϵˣǶ˵ƷĴڣǱɱ֮ˡ
ƷֻͨСѾˣƫƫƷûǬԪѹ֮ԽսԽǿһֱڼƽƽĵز
ȥǻ˵ã
̺ҲǷȻҶɱ㣬νȻûɱ㣡
湫һĨЦݡ
Ҳ֪˳ڳƷʵ⣬ҲҪʲôֻҪ΢һ¾֪ˣϾڳƷ˼лԼ£˳ƷֱӾٰᣬǳ׵׵ĽƷ˵Ľࡣ
ֻҲǸƷ
ʱɱ˳ƷӦҲ˳˲Ŷԡ
ɱңƷЦһƾַô뿪̫ˣʲôèǰħڣʲôħһҳҵǰýɱˣΪ
Դ󣡡
湫ŭһһɲǼ䣬Ѿˣκ˺ѳһѪɫӰһ㣬˲Ѿ嵽˳Ʒǰ
˱ȸղŸֲʮղŶԸڵ洫Ҳûб컯ǬֹʮҪȫ
ڲʵ֡
ڵЩӼоˣһֻץסǵĺһ㣬Ǹ˵
СҲǰ
ƷһһһƵ˳湫Ӿ˵ƣһȭ
䣡
ȭͬˣϯһУ˲ֱӺ˳湫ӡ


1944 һȭ湫
ȭͬһϯȥ
¡¡
ȭһУһȭѹĸо
ȭƺƵһֺȻƣһ˲䣬湫Ӿ͸о̮һ
ʱͫ΢΢ֻоȫһɿֲѹš
ƾ㣡
湫ӴһҪεضеһڳħֳâɨնâδ£֮ϣȻնǧɳĿֲѷ졣
ǳħڵľѧħ
콾ǰеֻһ湫鴫
Զ֮еĸֿһĻɵ÷׷׾̾컯ľͷҲһʾ̾
˵ЩͬΪһĸ֣һĺܶ컯ĸҲδܹնһ
һ콾콾Ѿɳˣֻ湫ӾѾˣһǬԪָж
˵ǬԪһΣһΣ
֮ǰǻķзǬԪɱ˺ô
ڲ֤ʵˣǲֻǴԶѣʵ
âɨƿ񷣬ɲǼ䣬ѾɨȥֱӳųƷһȭȥ
䣡
ȭֱ˺ѿһУֱӽһâձ˿
ܹյĵâȻĴѡ
ȭȥƲ򵥵һ˺һУų湫ӵķɱȥУϱһµײը
һһĽͽֱԻ˳ǳ湫ӱߵķ磬ʱȻһһ˺ѿ
ϰٲķһȭ飬ûа취ֵסƷһȭ
ۣ
湫һҽУһѪ˳˫Ŀɵϴȫȫ޷ţڲ
˿ؿڲ֪ʲôʱһ󶴣ϣѪɣһѪĴ󶴡
湫ӵһ£ʹ֮ϵȥ޷άסеƣֱӵ˺֮ϣȾһƬĺ档
ȫһƬţ˲ɨ裬Ҳ֪湫Ѿˡ
ߴͨʼһЩͨЩͨǱܣҪά֣ǱܵڲзоǷǳҪһ
˵⼸Ǳܣͨͬѧǲ˼ģģΥ
οе컯ľͷֻһֿܻάֲסˡ
Ȼˣ
Ǹӣ컯ľͷȫĿɿڴĿһĻ
֮ǰڳƷǳĵķڵĵҲţһоͽô洫Ӵشħĳ湫ԳƷȻ˲һ
һȭͱˣһֻƺҲѲȥ
˶Ŀ࣬ΪǿǴΪǴУǴݾ˵湫ӶӦðܵ˲ҵŶԣôᱻ׵ѹ
ͺ֮ǰ湫׾ٵʰЩڵͨһǺ޻֮
ܹ׼ǰμٵһţ˶ĸţȲ콾ϵĶ콾ҲΪҲһ
ǳ湫Ӹղŵĳ֣״ǵ֪ҲΪͷڵЩ洫·𣬵ôֻ湫׾ٵĻܣãƷȣֻҲһ
湫ӵĳֲˣԼ˺ʹ˵е콾ϵĴ﾿Զ
ǼĴԳƷһȭס
ôܣ
Ʒû湫ӣôģ
ǿ˼飬콾֮ĲҲﵽزô
ǳ湫Ӳǿ湫ӵʵƵ컯ֶҪǿǾȻסƷһȭֻ˵Ʒ̫ǿˣ
ڵЩ洫ҲڴʱŸոշӦ
̫ǿˣǳʦ֣
ղǳ湫ӻţȴһȭ
̫ˣħΣһǵĶ֣
ڵĵӷ׷׹ЦƷһȭ˳湫ӣһüĸоһɨ֮ǰ֮
֮෴Ƕ֮ϵɢޣʱɫѿǶ˳ħڵ档
Ǻǿ󣬵Ƕڶ֮ϣħܹӳʵֻڷ֮ϡ
ǵǿĴ˾˳Ʒϣ֪ŭʲôز
֮ǰΪ֮˺սĳ棬Ҳνľս
ڳ湫һֻ·ħ֮սҲͽǰˡ
ϾһԵ콾ĵӣɲ¡


1945 Ȼһʱ
Ȼﶼ󶯸ɸ꣬˵ǳħˣںĳħڵĸݺԶһķڡ
ֻ´Ӵ˶£
Щ콾ڳɳˣľЩ콾ɳ֮󣬱ȻҪвп콾̭սֻоϲп̭ʣµ콾һ
а⣬ľÿһ֮еٮٮߣһ콾ܹģһʹֻ֮µһ콾ᱻָԴԴϵĸ»
콾սҲֹͣһ콾ϰˣʣ֮һͲˡ
ԴԴϵ콾һ콾񲻶ϸβŲȫȫһʱѡ
ÿһ콾»֮󣬶вп콾սʣµ˲һʱס
ⲻֻһ콾ϵ콾ѡ
˶ʶˣһ콾ɳѪȷ缴
Ʒһȭ˳湫ֻ֮Цһʬߣ˵ǰһ콾ϵ콾Ҳ˵Ȼ
ǱϾǴһţĵĺҲնɱˣһǬԪУֻ˰ˡ
Щս׵£˲֪ǶڳƷ˵ЩѾĺܵˡ
֮ͬ˿֮档
㡭㾹ȻɱǳħڲŹģ
ʱЩħڵӷ׷ɫغȻԳƷ˳档
ЩȻ֪ǳƷĶ֣Ƕײʹӣͱ˹䣬Ҫ湫ӡ
ڳ湫ǾڻҲһᱻǣȫңȫ屻
ħڱϾħڣ¹ţŰʣЩħ֮е˻׵ġ
ΨһܹԼļ˲Լ۵İ취Ψսѡ
ʱȫһģųƷɱȥһ컯صħͷһħ죬湫ӻҪǿ֡
Ҳݻһڳħͨ۶ɵ湫ӵĻҪǿ
䣡
âնҪһ޴ޱȵĴ󶴣ֱӱųƷͷ­ȥ
С
ƷЦһһӣֱӻһֻɫĴ֣͵һӾͽһâץС
أ
أ
أ
âڰ֮бɫĴһһץ˸飬̺ħɢһâץı黯ȥʱ
ȴƷͻȻһӳˣһӣЩâƬͬһϯ˿
ͣ
ͣ
ͣ
ֲâֱӽЩɱĳ湫ӵӷ׷׺廯Ѫ
Ǹ컯ħͷҲǳƷĶ֣һ鵶âƬؿڣϾ
컯ħͷĿɿڴأԲŵĿǰһУԼȻסƷһӦҲһ
湫ӵ
һж˵ĸɴ䣬ͬղųƷ׾ٵŪ˳湫һ
ǳ湫ҲãЩҲգѰ˿ô׻ɱڳƷȴֽһ㣬Ƕ֡
ãһˣһЩҵħͷҳҵǰǲҪˣ
ƷЦһɨ֮УȻ֮У¶Σȴ۾вˣһħͷ
ûг֣ڶ֮ϣɢаħǲ֪ж٣ħ书˲
ƷȻҲܽնɱҲûǸôĻĻʳҲܷڶ֮ϴˡ
ƷҪ龯ǣƷȻˣȴǿԲ֮
ⲻɱӺѣ
ȻɱӺЧǼõģЩ֮ϵɢ޿ƷĿ׷ױãںͳƷӵѾûм϶컯֮еĸ֡
кܶ඼һɵľͷţͬ˽澵İЩħͷ֮еһշɽ澡
лʦ־֮
ʱЩڵĵҲ׷׷Ӧ˹ʰһ֮󣬱˳ƷǰԳƷҾ
޷֮Ͱˣ湫֮ĵӣȻҷڵĵӵΪҷϣҽɱҲıӦˣ
Ʒ˰֣˵
ԽǲںЩڵĵӾԽǸоƷǿǿͬ湫ҲסƷһȭ
˵ɱɱˣ
˭˵Ƿڲˣϯʦ֮⣬ޱˡ


1946 ˼ı뺷ս
Ȼʮ֮һνȨ죬һСţȻռƣһСŵָʹȥ
ǶͬΪʮŻߺǿ˵ҲͲʲôˡ
ЩӵܣԿǼҳ㷹飬Ƴ湫㽫ͬһԴҲǵһΡ
һվǹܲô飬ɳ֣Ҳû˵԰ͬΪ콾ϵ콾ĸһ
һسҲǽԷĻͷİˣƷ׶һȭϣˮģǲ顣
ҪǣΪڵϯӣκжҪ˼ڵӰ죬Ʒͬ˵ɱ˾ɱˣħΡ
ʲôаԵǰԵ㲻˳۾ͰʸӷЩͬΪ˵洫ӵ⡣
޷ҵȶǷڵӣȻģ湫ҲȻ˵ҷڵķɴӡǳħڵĳħƷЦЦ˵ҷڴϹɣƾãŴɣħʲôаħȻҷᲢۣ
һмֹû뵽һȭסˣ˵֮ǰֱܴ裡
ƷĻ䣬ණ֮ϵħͷҲΪҲǳƷﻰᵽаħǴʱƷոһȭ˳湫ӣνʢ
Ʒʲôʵ㲻ȻóȻжЩħͷ˽ôΪ˳湫ӳͷ
ˣ˵ַҲμӳ磬Ҵǽȥ
Ʒ˵ţһ䣬Щڵ洫ӷԼѾں֮ϣԭ̤ûа취̤ȥֻҪո̤ȥϾͻᱻֱӻ
ڸųƷĽŲȻվȵġ
ŷɲǼʱ䣬Ʒ˾Ѿ˲ռ֮ңɽ֮С
Ũ
һڵ洫Ӳɵøп˵ȻڵɽҲʮΪǰĸأҪ˵ֻңɽǰ
ǷڵɽͬʱӦڵӵУܺңɽȣһϵȻвٵĵӣвٵĹ׷ߣ̴ӵȵȣĶǳٵģڵİٷ֮һĵȻܺͷᲢۡ
˶оңɽ֮һطŨ̶ȣڷ֮дԼֻͷ洫ϼĴܹܵõ
ֵطУΪһǧҲǷǳģټгϤĽ̵ѹֹ俤Ϊ춯أն콾ܴ֮ȫˣһ洫Ӳɵÿ˵
أͣס죬Ϊ͵һˣһȴǰĳƷ˭ء
ҲʱˣƷ͹俤˼֮£ԭȻ˵ܣҲֻ֮ųƷʧ٣俤֮󣬾˲ع˵ǰ
俤ն콾ƷЩȻΪ֪飬æʵ
ʱ˲ĸƷ˵һƷͷ
ԭ̺شԶǧΣ֮УɽͼĸӦ˶ΪѾ֮ûжá
ڰ˳֮Ҳû˿ֵĹ俤˼ͻȻǿгأֱɱ֮У֮콾콾ɱˣûһ˼ϳŹеģ׷ײУνǱ򣬼׾ٵľͱ˼ɱ֮еһŮ콾
˫սǧУܣЩҪ˼ϣڹؼʱ򾪶һĴʱ־˺˼ֻ֮꣬дŮ콾Ҫ˼ϡ
һĴﲻ׷ɱ˼꣬Ҫ˼նɱȴ˼ʩչֶΣݲȵĴ֮ѻ˴Ļʳ
ˣ˼֮лɱ콾ش鴫Ļʳһʱ޾𾪡
һսνһս
ڴ֮ǰ˶ֻ֪ʱһŵӣǶŵӾǺηʥȴ
˶֪ŵӵ˼Ҫ²˵ֻһֺóһѣģҪμٵ
һս֮˲ŷ֣ܹأΪ²ˣ˼鴫ͬ졣


1947 ƷȻû𾪣
һսն콾俤һս£
ڴ֮ǰ֮ţ俤˼꣬ǳĹŵӣλ硣
Ҳͽ˶ѣ˲ù俤жϾ俤볤ҲǶ̶ʱ䣬ʮ궼
˵ǳյĵӣΪжߡ
˭룬ֻǶ̶ʱ䣬ʹﵽֵزն콾
֮ǰСʱҲС˼Ĵڡ
Դһս콾Ҳ¸˰˼һֱӳ콾һǰʮѾĺӣν¡
˶˼˽⻹൱ޣų콾Ҳ½֪Ȼǲ֪飬дţ˼Ҳʣܹ
ҲǷʣĻڶ̶֮ڣ׷Щ콾ϵ콾˳Խ
ֻҲֻǲ²ѣûκ֤ܹ֤һ㡣
ƷҲ֪ԭʧٵʱ֮У˼κˡ
һΪ콾֮ϵǰĶ콾
Ȼ˼ʧٵʱҲʲô鶼û෴ģΪҲһ˵ٶ
𾪣ǳƷȴ֣ΪǶ˼꾿ʲôʣ˼Ƿ֮壬ʿֹһʵĸ֣ɻʣǻʵķʼʡ
콾һǬԪҲǷʾ޾꣬£Ϊһ˵ĵһ
˼ʣʸǾˣ׷һ콾Ҳֻʱ⣬ٸһЩʱ䣬ǬԪĶ֡
˼ȱֻʱѣ
ټгľҹָ㣬ԴԴԴϵĶΪҲȻ顣
ֻҪʱգ˼ܹ漣
Ƭ֮󣬱һŹװŮӴ˵ǰһ֮˵λǷڵĵô뱨֣ū澺˶֮λǰϢĵط
˷׷ױ֮󣬳ƷҲ֣װŮӿƷĿʱҲмȻȻҲ֪ƷģȻҲֻһ˲֮󣬱ʧӰǸˡ
ɣ
װŮӵ
˸װŮӵ󣬽ңɽһɽµС֮С
һɽˮԭʼС򣬴ʱСڲ֪ʲôʱѾǰĸ֣ЩּһɫȫǿͲһĸ֡
Щ˼ÿһһٮٮߣҲӵǬΪĸɵ洫ӣһЩ˵Ĳķ⼸洫Щսľ컯Ϣ
εѹƣǸоսľڳƷߵʱһ崺ĸоȻףǳƷЩ컯֮ͷųϢ
ֳǼĶˣǴһȺ龳۷ľӢ߹ʱҲһ޶ЩӢ֮еһЩٮٮߣ֪ȽǿĶܹоεѹơ
ЩڵĵӵǰҲ˲˵ע⣬ǵǿΪ֮˾ȻǳƷʱ򣬲ɵ÷׷׵һ
ô
Ѿô
⵽ô£
˶һܾˣһֱǼ˹һƷ̺飬˶֪֪ȴ࣬ƫƫպãǶǸһ֮еٮٮߣȻʸ֪ġ
Ƕ֪Ʒ֮һϵĴԴܴͨ
콾ϳƷֱ֤ǾȻֿ˳Ʒ֣ⲻǼ˹ʲô
Ȼдģǹǻˣ
ܿ죬ȷ˳ƷݣԲͨʲôֶβдĲ֮˵зڵ洫ӸţǳƷĻЩڵĵôĸԸĸڳƷء
Ʒһ˵ע⣬μٵĲ˵Ŀ궼ǳ֮ģȻûп֪ܲڳƷ顣
˼һսԭûжȤ֪һЩ飬Ҳͳһݵϡ
ҪľǣδǳƷ
λȺٵʼȻǰ֮أ
ǸװŮһݣȻ󿪿˵
Ʒ㾹Ȼû
أڴʱһż־ϲӳƷ
ƷתһȴЩʱû˵˭أ


1948 һΣսǬԪ
Ʒʱ֮Ҳû˵ʤȯգµĵ෴ģż־
ȻƷĳ֣˵Ҳһ𺳡
Ʒ䣬ǵõ˴ĻʳȻı飬Ȼﶼȷ˳ƷѾϢ
Ȼȴ˳ƷΪȻóⲢ˭ðģòԼðǿߵϢصð䲻ġ
Ż𾪣ڱѾ̵£ƷȻųˡ
Ҳûʲôֱ𣬼ֱͬǼ˹һ
ϾҪµĹԳƷĹҲֻ΢Щָֻ֮ƽˮ顣
£ò
ƷһЦʱȻǶ˵ȷʵһѣ·Ǵӵ֮һȻǧһ֮ʣ׷ɱ
ǴʱԵʱľ棬һСıǻᱻ
û뵽£㶼ѵ֮ôЦЦ˵ݵλȻ֪ıһ˻ҪĶ֪֮࣬һϵĴˡ
̫ξȻ˱ܣվҪϸĿЩܳŮȻиְ취ܹõԼҪϢ
һֲ̫ξ˶ͷ۵Ĵڣ֮еĵλ̫ξڴĻʳĵλҲĶȥ
ּĸģҪɱ˵Ļ³֮֮⣬ĸܶù
ǳƷƫƫֻһݾȥֻ¶𾪣һս
öѣӣҪһƷƽ˵һͬһ˵龭һɱ䡣
Է¶ľ֣ƷҲû˿ĵӡ
΢΢һЦҲûѳƷĻ棬ƷеǸӣӦ˵Щ̺ƷЩˡ
˵ֱָĻ֣ǬԪ
ʵϣ̫ξڴĻʳ֮ȷѪ꣬Ȼ˭֪ǲֻΧڶѡ
ĺģڻǬԪֻûֱӵ֤ݣǬԪӹһٰˡ
ȻڴĻʳڶ꿡ܣһٮٮߣ콾һҲֻһſ֮Уʵϣ̫ξľͷУȻʲô
ǬԪҲأ
΢΢һЦ˵
һΣҪʤûôף
ãһ˴δζˣһս
ƷһĨЦ˵
Բѣ
ʱأӲԶһ
Ʒתͷһȴһ޳ԼĪŶʮ߰ݿ˹ıһڳϴżĵ
Ʒû뵽ȻûãҿһѩǰܣʱĮĿųƷ˵
λƷƲƲ죬ö࿴һۡ
ţᰣ
˫һ˵âĶųƷ
ţƷһӻˣڸոտ콾һʱ򣬾;˵һ콾֮սʱֵˣǱˣŵĵӣֶ졣
ʱֶھʮպǵһ
һξ콾սԿνӡ̡
㻹ǵõɱϯֶô˵
˼ɱ̫ˣûӡˣ
ƷͶ䣬벻˵
Ȼʵôûӡ󣬲ʱֶû飬ΪֶͻȻҲܵǬԪָʹǳɱ
ĵˣƷȻĴ
ããã̫ؽҧ㻹˵ʲôҾ㿴ŵҪΪ˴ʦ־ΪǵСţұ㿴컯֮Ĳ࣡
˵ʱʱ죬ᰱĳʣâ糤գȻճųƷ
᰾Ȼﵽ˵һľ磬ʵ𵱳ֶҪǿʮֹ
Ͼֶ컹ֻǬ۷壬ûп컯Ѿ컯ʵ͵ֶǿ˺ֹʮ
컯ֳֵĿֲƳ𣬼һӾˣڳǬĸ̸о·ȥÿһڿĵ⣬Ҫն鿪


1949 һָͷĿֲ
͵ֶʱȫͬǬ۷컯ֻһ֮ңѣʵϵĲ࣬ǵһ㡣
粻ȥǵ
еǬһ֣ԶųƸֻ֣е컯ſԺųһͷ󲿷ŵ̫ϴҲС
ͿԽǵһϰȻû콾񣬵Ҳ콾֮ǿһ֮һ콾ѡ֮һ
ʱпܵ콾ȻҲǷǳˣѰ˵ȻǸ߲ʵ
ֶڳƷ֮ƳᰣҪ콾
֤Ųû䣬ʮ֮Ĵڡ
ˣƷ²Ӧˣ
˿һĻɫѾˣȻû콾ϣֶ콾ϣʵʮڵֶ졣
Ʒ֮ǰԻֶ죬ΪֶҲֻǬ۷壬ƷҲǬ
սȻˣȴ˿ķΧ֮ڣȴͬ۳ƷôûпǬֻͽ޹̶ˡ
ƷĴ棬Ҳ͵ΪֹˣǬʱ˵ãδ컯Ҳܹ컯ۣڣδͻ컯Ѩһ컯콾̾һ˵ƷĴվҪĻ컯ģ̫Ǭ컯֮Ĳ֮󣬸Ŭƴܹƽġ
ǿɲһ˭ʤ˭أһԵֻǵ˵Ѱ·Űˣ
鵭ȻΪƷնƵӢˣͺȣ᰻ǵĺƵĶ֡
µϯӣ֮Żѡһ
ƷЦһޱȵ䣬һ㲻ܡ
أ
һĵâֱն˳Ʒϡ
ΪƷҪնʱһ˫͵һ·𿴵ʲôһ
Ϊ֣âȻûܹƷն룬ĲֻͬҪƷδ컯վǲһģǬжǰǺġ
Ϊ컯ѾǬĸ֣
ͬɱһ㣬ͲһϵĴڡ
ڷ飬ĸˣƷĿֲƺѾǬȻɱ컯֮С

һѵһ۶ɵĿֲâȻʼһһѿ
ţӿֲһĻˣƷ̧ƣֱ֮ϻһ޴ޱȵָ֮ͬһֱѹ
Ȼֻһָѣ˶֪κѹ᰾ѾɫˣͬƷڷĿѾﵽ˵Ƿ켫ĵزеķ˷Բһ֮ڣ־˵ķ컯ĸܹĶ޼
֮Уֻ᰸Ӧ·һĿֲϢѹ
һһѹÿ½һ磬ֲֿϢһǲһ᰾͸о˺ѣͬЩǬĸɵѹһԽԽֲ
ôôƣ
ֱӽ˵һ״̬ȫķ컯һ۷Ϊ˲ȫ˿ʵȻҲǰģزΨƴһˡ
˺ƻһƿյ񵶣նһУ´
컯ľͷһĻɵõ˵ͷһȷʵչֳԼķɣͬһ㡣
ǸȴĿɿڴʱǬЩ洫ҲˣƷһָжôĿֲ
оκηĲȴ᰸Ƶϡ
֪һָûô򵥣ֻǸоеΣնѡ
Գ˳ƷڷĿƣѾ˾׵ĵز
Ʒôôǿǻδ컯ô
ǰҲû˵֮ǰô
Ȼ콾ϵĸ֣ǱЩ콾źĸֻ֣Ҳǲˣʱϰ񣬵Ʒʱô˲һ
Ʒʧ֮ٶȳʵһԾ
̫ˣ
ʱ˿ϵĵһһıѿ˲ʹ˵һľ֮˳˲ҽһȫ¾ȻðѪ
˶һȴǲ֪ʲôʱȫһһıѿ
ۣ
ڣ֧ŲסһѪ˺ƶߵķһɳȥݺ䵽˵ϣ˲֪


1950 书ѡһϯ
һ˲䣬һƬһļžһָͷƵһ컯ĸشԣʲôֱ
ЩѾ컯콾ǣʱò۾ˣ˵ͨǬ洫ǣֱƷôġ
һ컯ĸǣܹõԳƷʵȻܹһ컯ĸֱƵϣƷʵҪжǿпܣ
ʱٿƷʱѾ׷׸ı˿֮ǰȻŹƷͷǸΪ˼δ
֮ǰȻҲ콾϶¶ģ㿿ǰǿս˲ŵ콾
˲ϣǸʱһ콾ֻ֮ǬԪ컯˵ȻǬ۷壬˴֮ȻһĲ࣬ҲԳƷһǰʮ
һ콾Ƿ׷׿컯ԭƷӵеƾͳƣ޷컯սͻһ޷ԽĲࡣ
Ȼڣǲŷ֣֪ʲôʱ򣬳ƷѾֲ࣬һԾǰˡ
ֶȻ֣սȭۣҲ㻹𣬾Ҫϵ׼ҲһڽǳٵҾһ书һϯӰɣ
Ʒֶ鵭Ȼ˵·ղֺ˲һ㣬ʵϣںĥôõ˵ȷʵʲô
Щ콾벻ĵطƷɱ¾һ컯ʲô컯۷϶ࡣ
컯ǲ֪ɱ˶٣
һͷ컯ǬҲûʲô
˷׷˹һǳƷ˵ĻһֳƷµĸо
Ȼʮţܹ콾񣬾Ѿ֤ŵʵʮʮȻ֮£Ҳһš
ڳƷȴֱӿѡһϯӣǺεȵİ
Ȼûֱɱᰣֱӷ书͵ڳһˣЩʿ˵ֻ±ɱ˻Ҫܡ
˵ҲԳ֮أѾܹƺãм䵢ʱ䣬᰺֮ͬ䱻ࡣ
콾ϵ콾׷Ҹϣÿһÿһʱ䶼󣬻ϵûп׷ˣÿ˶ǳƷ˼ϳġ
Ȼᰵ츳ȻǿģȴԶû˵ǶĿˡ
ǿʵðԵ磡
ڳ˶ɵֻͫо·ԵĲһ콾콾һܹӰ¾ƵĿֲڡ
ڷڵЩ洫˵ǿɾûôĹ˼ˣܿ˶оʹ޼ɵȸԾ
̫ǿˣǳʦ֣
᰻ڳʦֵǰ·һ
ǳ湫Ӷ˳ʦֵϣһʲô
ڵ洫ֻоüȻʵǿ󣬵Ҳվֻͨ洫ӣڳûһݵλǣƽָѿҲڲʮŵݵҲ
ڳ׵׵ĳһ᰸ҵսƷֱǵڵ档
ʲô湫˳Ʒϣ
ʱе˲ŵһ֪ԭ湫Ӷ˳Ʒϡ
ԭǻ̾ڳƷϼֱ޻֮һָ
ڵ湫Ӷ˳ƷϣǶʱҲ޻˵ˣ˶Źڳ湫ӵ飬ȻħˣһʵȷʵΪˣʵ콾콾
Ȼ˵ãǺͳ湫ӱʵǸûпɱԣ
ͬһϵĴڣ
湫Ӷ˳Ʒϣᰱϵ书ҲͲʲôֵˡ
˻ƷѾô˵ô
һγƷֻ߲ƣһΪǴԼδֹһڿ˳֮⣬һΪǾ춯أԾԵʵҲлʤĿԣ
ûʵİԵѰ·ʵٰԵΣħаħѵɱĻʳôŵʵҲڣֻ¾ҲκβóƷ
οкϷҪˣ
ܶǬ洫ӴʱҲ׷׿˺ϷΨЩѾ컯콾ǣɫһӱˣǲʸ뵽һϵˡ
ȻƷǿƳ֣һǿ֮ľֵĳ֡


1951 һָɱ
ƷѾͷŴУΪȻƣ˵չֳʵʣΪвľС
ƷʱܹԸо콾еĵ⣬ϣ˴ǰ֪ƺϲǰΨһ
нˣǧӣ
ңЩ˵в˵أԼҲֻԼˣ콾ĵĺӶϣǬԪҲֻһϡ
Щô
ڻЩȲҪǬԪŸᣬ׵׵Ľ
ЩĿ⿴źԵĵ⣡
ƷΣڳٵ֮ϴ֣ɱ˳湫ӣѵ³ô
أȺ֮У˿˵
ƷĿ⿴ȥȴһµӣϴżЦݣм䡣
Ȼ˴ʱĿⶼʼĲȻ˶뵽һ㣬ϲƷǿԶֽŵĵط
ƷҪһ
Ʒˣ
ߡ
ƷҡҡͷȻ󿪿˵Ѭģ֪ǴĿģҳƷѾˣΪǵıпܳɹҲֱ˵ˣڸǵֻһѡ˳һεĻݹҲˣ
ԼѡɣһԼûˣɾûˣ
ƷĻżޱȵϢ֮ǰμᶨˣʱҲɵÿʼмֳ˶֪ԼûжϣǴżϣˣȻųƷĻһоѾȫͬˡ
ԭǾҲǾϰˣ֮Ȼȴͬˣ֮𣬲졣
뵽еǬĸֱӺһʾ˳һҲûʲôϣԼҲף˼˳ˣҲʲôϧġ
ʣµĳ֮⣬жʮ컯콾Щм콾ϵ콾ʣµļ㲻콾ϣҲǸ֮еٮٮߡ
ʣµѡˣ˳
ƷޱȵĮ֮˸˵ɱ⣬ѾЩ˻ᣬЩ˻ѬĵĻǾͱˡ
ƷĻЩ컯콾ɵϷ׷¶˼ŭݣ뵽˸ղųƷ׶ٵķϵᰵ书֮ǰ˵նɱ˳湫ӣʵǵ
ҲƷʲôʵ
뵽Ѿ˾ˣɲǼ䣬һʣµҲֻˡ
ÿһ컯콾֮еٮٮߡ
ƷΪһôǳµѵҪͳôʱһеĵ͵һӿ˵
ڤ粻飡
ƷǴżЦݣҪЩҲûʸ񣬲䣡
˵ʱʱ죬Ʒһ˲Ѿеĵӵǰ
еĵӶʱʧɫֻоëƱһͷ̫޸סһΪѾ컯ᰶҪǿһ֣ʱͻȻǰĳƷʱȴ·һһ
ãܣ
еĵӣ˲ͷӦ˹Ͼͷ֣Լ·һɽѹһһɿֲƽѹס
ӶӲ
뵽еĵɫһ䣬¶˼׺ݵ飬ϲ֪ʲôʱѾһڳâ֮Ϻɨһڱâ֮񷶼ĶˣΧһƬĹȡ
콣ŵĺȻǶǾȻҵһֿҪĸо
˲ɵõһܹоĿҪǵķζ
еĵʵʵ̫ˡ
һٶ̫ˣƷǰҪ糤գֱ˺˳գϣ˿񳱣˵ĶĤҪشơ

ʱһеĳһºݺݴ˳ƷԺ֮УǻϲЦݣΪ֣ԼĳκβóƷֱڳƷƤ˸Ľ
ڴʱƷɲǼˣҲζֻһָͷֱӵ˳ȥ
һָͷ˲ƿ˼񷣬Ȼһӵ㵽ǰ
ĽйأҲû뵽ƷȻ»ܷȻƷһӶ˶ͷ˲


1952 һŸûϯ
콣ţѡһϯɣ
ƷĿǰĶͷ֪ʲôʱѾһѪһ˵ٶʧ
ô
ĿɿڴǴѾ޷˼ֱһӵȥ
ƷӸղ˵Ļ֪еĵ콣ŵһϯӣ콣Ҳʮ֮µһһţӵзǳǿʵнνǴɡ
еǽйأΪǿᡣ
콣ŵĽӵмȿµƻΪһԽһɽն롣
ֻϧ˳ƷĹ޷Ʒ˵ķԳƷĹǺ޻֮˵˿ǡ
ΪҲûܹͬƷ㹥ؼ汸ǹǷأ޿ޣûκĴڡ

Ʒ˵
˿һĻɵõһȻ콾ϣ˵УҲǺպĴڣЩ˾ν콾򲹣Ȼ콾֮ϣʱضΪԭ콾֮ϡ
˵ǵʵѷɫЩ콾Щ콾
ƷһָɱƷʵǿᵽʲô̶Ȳпܡ
ĳ̶ȴﵽʲô̶ȣòǽղɣ
ޱȵĺȻǷ֣ԼƺͲ˽Ʒ֮ǰΪڳƷѾ˽ĺܶˣȻڿ¸Ƿëǡ
ڵľûκκô
֮ǰĳ湫ӵĻƷѾɱŵϯˣȻЩʵڣʮţŵŭ𣬾ǷҲҪõһܲܳܵɣ
˵˴ʱͻȻЩƷɱϵĸ֣϶Ǹŵϯӡ
ƽʱһѾ䶯˵ôһˣ뵽֮ǰӵڶ֮ޱ߷ˣ֪ЩſҲưոݵġ
Ʒûп˵ЩһֻĿʣµĸˡ
ʣµҲ˸ղĸо·һͷ̫޸һֲֿĸоһͷƤĸо
ֵˣ죬ҪһҪԼϯˣ
Ʒ¶˼Цݡ
̰ĲΪ棬ǸԸҲǵ
Ʒ˵ȴżֳЦݡ
ʣµĸ콾ɫΪѿ
ڸԵ֮ڣĸǸ߸ϵϯӣȻʮȻȴҲǵλ磬ʮĵطЩȻﶼҪ
Ҫ볯͢£ǿ˵˽δ·̾ͺˣֻҪͰ࣬Ȼδؼ䶥ĴӰȫ¡
ڳƷûнǷһ㣬⳹׵׵ĽǸŭˡ
һһϣһϣƷϹżЦݣȴǴźһᣬЩ뿪ĻᣬЩȴȻǹϲá
Ҫ֪Щ̸ϣЭ˭
Ǳ˭ĸӣĸҴߣ
Щ˵ͷʣõ
ȻϵĴ˻ռݾԶģ󲿷˶֪ѶˣΨ⼸˲֪
Ϊ޵ôʱĸ֮Уһ·ȾŽɫĸߴӴ˳
ǽҵĴˣƷɨһ˵˲ѾӵͷӦǴĻʳ֮һңҵĴˡ
ĻʳҲֻһΪе书ȫƤֽɫΨнΪ£ſԻָ˵ģ
ȻҪһЩȴҲǴĻʳ֮еٮٮˣΪĻʳսķµĺʤڴĻʳ֮УӰܹ
̸ֽµ书
ĸߴ¶˼Цݣ³Ʒľ£ΪԳı޵书ɫɴ˶
ʲôǿУᱻƷҲ⡣
Сң㣡
ֱͬײ̹һ㣬ֱӺɨգ˫ȭͬɫ˫һ㣬ݺݵĳųƷ˹ȥ
ˣ
˲ը˿ɫĿ񳱺ݺݳųƷϯ˹
˲䣬ɫĿ񳱽Ʒûˡ


1953 һ
ֲĽɫһ˲ͽƷû
¶飬Ҫ֪ΨԼ֪ȭжôĿ£ϵӿУϵ񲻿ɵ
ǽһ񹦣ս֮ϣ޵УҪʲôΪǱĴڣ
ǾǼΪټޣΪΪ£ʲôͨʲô书˵ͳͳν־Ϳ˺ѡ
һΪгɣΪԼߵĸ֣Ҳκεǡ
ս֮ϣֱУ޵У
³Ʒǽ³ƷƷΪҲκεˡ
ϵͬ񳱣ԴݻһУǵϯȴֻ֣ƷҲЩϵϯκβóƷ
ȻټĪΪκβ㣿ƷЦһЩ޵Ȼ˽ⲻˣޱȵĿֲ
ޣʵȴޣֶֻưˡ
˵ʲôޣޣ޵ȵȶ··ȫ淢չû㡣
书ͨ磬ȫ泬ԽȫǾĴڡ
ͬĸһָͷס֮ǰǰ㣬Ǿߵĸ֣Ҳһһ
ôܣ
ʱɫѾˣʱȻܹԹ־ܣһΪ߶˼£ȫһĽ⣬ƻƽɵһ׽
ɢķǿʥޱȣ
Ϊʱ¶˳ҪԽᰣѾ컯أϿ˵콾ϵ콾һ޶ˣ̶ֳȵĸʱܿ콾
ټһǿޣ콾ϵ콾Ҳǲ·磬ںܶ˵ֻ±湫ӶҪѲĶˡ
ȭ£
ȫɢһĽ⣬ϼ⽫еĺƽ۽һ˫ȭͬ޴ޱȵĴֱӳųƷ

ƷޱĮޱϲȴֱһֻذ׵ƣɢ˿˿ĵ⣬ֱӳ󴸼ȥ

һ޴ޱȵĽͷ·޴ޱȵײһһȻֱ˾޴ޱȵķ籩񳱡
סˣ
ڳ˼ƺס˳Ʒһƣ϶ɵ¶˼Цݡ
ղųƷչֵʵ̫ˣɱ񣬷ɱᰣ콣ˣټ֮ǰɱĳ湫ӣ˵˾
ͬ콾ϵĴڣƷ֪ʲôоʲôв࣬Ƕ콾ϣ˫ͬһ㼶ͬһ֮ڵġ
֮о콾񶼾ÿɼ
ƷʵǵȻһӱθߵһĳ̶ȡ
赲סˣƷҲ޿ɵֵ
ǵҪЦʱأǾͿ¶˼ֺȻ飬ȻһѪ˳
˾ֻ¶Ѻۣ·֩һ˲ͱ鲼ȫ顣
Ѫѷ֮͸ֲֿĳ˿ˣֱɵõһ
Ҳģ
һҽУ֮еһγſ־壬һˣԼͶ콾֮Ĳ࣬ԼͳƷĲֱһ㡣
ڱ˵Ѿ㹻ǿ󣬵ǶڳƷ˵΢ǿһЩ϶ѡ
أ
䣬˲ըˣĽѪ׷ɡ
˲ɵõһۼαƷһĳƬˡ
ҵĲ޵Уս֮ϣǿս޶˺ѣǿȼԺϹȣھȻסƷһƣ
ûκͨҲʲôѧֻһƾͽҶǲŵģ
ǹɣ࣬ʲôʣܣ޷ķʣҲ׾ٵĽҵĲ򱬣
˴ʱƷ֮жżֺȻ飬·Ǽ˹һҵĲǿᣬڴĻʳҲпڽԱ£ȫԺͬķ档
ȻҲ˽ˣڣΪܱƵĽȴƷִˣָоͷ·ͱһŴֽһûʲôѶȡ
ǵУƷѾһˣƤĹǶ֪ƷʲôУô˵á

Ʒֻǵ˵漴Ŀ⿴ʣµˡ
ֵˣһ·


1954 콾Ǻǣ
ʱƷĿ⿴ʣµˣÿһͦΣÿ˵϶Ѱ˾ϣ˵ÿһһͷ
ԼҲΪ
ǴʱڳƷĿע֮£Ȼ׷¶˼ֵı飬ܿ죬ǵıͱŭȡ
Ǻε֮еϯӣ֮ӣھȻƷһ۾¶˵ӵ飬ֱܴ衣
ƷѾɱôˣôţѵҪΪô
֮УΪ׵һ콾ڣһɫĳۣͬһһ㣬ͬһһ㡣
ڣ򷲣Ʒɨһ콾˵ʱԱߣڵĵѾ˵ͳͳ˳Ʒ
ѾֵزˣȻҲо˴鷳ǺͳƷѾһϵƣȻܲͦԼ˶ȥͦˡ
ƷЩ˵ݲ˽⣬֪ģҲ콾ϵ콾ѣ콾ϵ콾Ҳһ˶ѣ콾֮½ӽˮƽʱܵ콾콾ȴڴ˵ƷȻ˶ʶ
Ҳʮ֮Ϊǿ֮һλڴĻʳɳĮ֮УشĻʳ֮в֪жٸ֣˵ơ
ܹϯˮƽʵ֮ǿ󣬾ǿ֪ˣһֻϵͨ¡
Щʮ֮µһʵÿһܲеӵ콾񣬻϶ǿΣһ˵ʸǿһЩȻܹ콾
Ǽǲ콾Ҳ޼ϴд˱ƽ콾콾
֮⣬һ᳤ǹӣȫ͸¶һѹֲסͬһ֮ǹһ㡣
ӵҲóƷüͷһҲǳƷ϶ͷǹϯӣź㡣
ǹǬԪ˿в٣ùŵɱƷ˵˫֮ͽ˲Сӡ
ֻڵκ͵ѾȫȫĲֻͬǹһ洫ӶܹóƷҪ߾ȫӦھǹϯӣƷҲûκκ¡
෴ģڳƷĿ֮£ź㷴¶˼ֺµ顣
һ֮ǰЩ˶ͬȫ͸¶żϢȻվȴһ˼Ҫĸо
¼䣬ɱ֮֯һģѪɷ¥ɱ֣޻أ
û֪޻ؾʲôݣֻ֪Ѫɷ¥֮еĽɱ֣ǵĽɱ֡
Ѫɷ¥¼ɱ֮֯һ˵Ѫɷ¥֪Ƕж֪ﶼ⵽Ѫɷ¥ľɱһʮ֮еĳЩŭȫΧ˹ȴûܹ֯
Ѫɷ¥鲼£Ӹָ񣬳ٲֵĽ֮⣬ûǲҽӵûǲɱˡ
һΣǳıɱ֮ǰһεĴ̫ξĻʳŭĴΧˣѪɷ¥˶˺ܾúܾãԪˣͬҲһս֮Ѫɷ¥ȵ𣬴ɱ֮֯ӱΪɱ֮֯һ
޻Ȼڵ϶٣ܹΪɱ֣Ѿ˵һˣѪɷ¥ı׼ֻдɱһ컯ĸֲҳɹ֮󣬲ʸΪɱ֣λѪɷ¥֮һ
޻صʵȻҲѾﵽ컯
˵һ콾ҪѲĶˣɱֶһˣʮֻ꣬ΪѰһ˿˻С
飬Ѫɷ¥ɱҲûνֻǧǧշĵ
Ϊˣһ˶Ѫɷ¥ĸҲǱ֮Ψֲ
ǳƷȴû˿ĵģֻĿ޻أһЩɱ֣ǳƷɲ£ҪܣĴ֮Уʱʱ̶̿һ״̬ʱضѣ˵Щ̿͵Ŀǡ
ңֻҪ͵ϮЩ̿սʵ̫̫ˣһ
ƷΪһôҲһ죡
򷲿ųƷɫ֮͸¶ż׺ݣʱѾЩΪʲôǿˣǵʱѾܹ˼ĺôڱ˫˼ά
ʱ򣬲žޱȵΣգƷָ顣
콾ǺǣûǻôȻڤ粻飬Ǿݹˣ
Ʒ䵭˵أϵķӿ˲оëһɿµϢϯ


1955 Ҿ޷죬һΣ
ܵʲôп£ղųƷûгȫѾ˵ļɵˣ˵ǵڣƷǶоһ־
Ʒһ˵ƾסˣ
ƴˣҾͲһ˿޷죬һ죡
ʱ򷲴һȫɫķۿʼ˳ɫĻ棬ͬɽ緢һ㣬γɳ֮
û˵뷨Ҳһ޶źֱӸһɫף˷·սһ㣬ݺǹֱͬӽؼķơ
һߣ޻ؾֱ֮У˲ʧӰˣ˶֪״̬֮µ޻أµɱֵ״̬
ߣ޷죿һ죿ҽҪ޷죬һΣƷһĿѲȫȻƵڳ콾׷ױܿĿ⣬Һӡ
أʱȻһӳˣָȭȭֱӷӿ˲ϯ˰˲
˲ȭ
˲ֱӳһϯ֮ǿİ˴һ˲ƿ˳ա
ʱһӰе˳һǸȴ޻˭ء
˶ˣѪɷ¥ֶȻûмҲŹ˵ǼΪεģľһԶǧ
ӵмΪ˵ϢֶΣô֪ýӽĿߣȻʵʩɱء
ɱУгԽ컯ϵĴڣ˵Ѫɷ¥ϢĹǿĻֻѾȥˡ
ǸղŲҲ߿˷ۣҪҵ޻صӰȻһΣ޻زǳģǻҪ޻ؾôģһԺЩɱ֣Ҳùһ֪ҪõĶࡣ
ǽȻһе޻ֵز컯ĸֶܹɱ֮УΪԽ컯˭ܹ׵Ŀء
û뵽ǣƷȻô׾ٵľͷ޻صĴڣһȭα˳
ôܣ
޻ص֮ж¶˼ֲ˼飬Ƽ˹һϢ֮󣬻ûб˷ֹҵı죬˷ֵĻЩ̿͵ʵֻ¸ֵͬĶ֡
ؾʱŸоǿҵв˲ȭİoһӽռ˺ѿ֮󣬸ûֹͣ˼
෴ģȭȥƲֱӳ˹
ƴˣ
϶һذףذ˸տɫĹâǾ綾ıֱ֣һذնȭ֮ϡ
ȻķҲͽ͵ģ΢赲һ°˲ȭֱӽذ״һһıѿȻҲƷߵķԳƷʱ򣬸ûκôֻǼ򵥵һȭͺ˸顣
أ
һȭֱӺ޻صؿڣ޻ӦֱӾͱһȭУֱ˸ԴѪ罦
һ˲䣬޻صը˿Ѫը鿪
һȭ޻أ
˴ʱѾɵˣûдӸղŵս֮лعһ˵ʵֻһ˲ѡ
˵ڲŸոշӦ޻ؾȻƷҳˡ
޻رƷ֣ȻһȭҲֻһ˲ˡ
һֻӰˣҲҹĳǰƷЦһ޻أѪɷ¥ҲǵӴĳˡ
Ѫɷ¥¼֮䣬ڱͨĶΪѪɷ¥ܹϱ鲼£嶼漰
Ȼ⵽ĵӣֻҪ֣ǻ
һ˵Ѫɷ¥ɱҲܹĳڴڵǰһβͬƺֹЩƽĻʳͨǰ
гħڵĳ湫ӣѪɷ¥Ľɱ֡
Ⱥħ裡
ƷЦһȻ˵ι¼壬аѡ
ǳƷҲû뵽ȻĿŵز
ȻΨǿ󣬲ܹ˹˼ɣԼη壬Լ顣
Ѫɷ¥ˣֻ±Ҳǲ֪жҪѪɷ¥ĴڣһЩ϶ֵ
֮Ҳкܶ࣬Ʒͼֲˡ
һȭ޻֮󣬳Ʒֱֱź򷲵ǰ
ҲƷһƷһȭ޻صĶ̫ɴ䣬ûж׼
ƷһУ
򷲵ϾȻгһĥһСĻһɿֲѹƻϢͷŶ·ܹһ㣬һ˲䳯ųƷ˳ȥ


1956 ֲ޵֮
һɻֱӳųƷ˹һĻҪոն
ͬ죬ѰĻ档
ڵʵȻӹɣ򷲸ڵϯӣٮٮ֮еٮٮߣеĸͳͨ
һΪǿ컯һСĶпϡ
ϧǳƷֱӵһ̫ڤʵĳƷ˵ڣ˵еʵļ䣬ڻһϵ򣬼˵ǵǷ켫
ǬԪκβ̶ܴϱΪеͨڳƷǰƣûκܿԡ
ֱϯƷҲȻֱƣ͵һչȻֱӽһץС

򷲴һ¶˼ϲɫƷȻֱץǲѰ·ô
ֱһӡŭ
һɿµڲܵǣֱը˿Ҫɽͷը촷ۡ
ã
ʱڳЩ컯ĸȷӦ˹˼̾͸оһַ·ܹһĿֲ
ڳЩ֣ΪߵͣǼսĸ֣޷ǾǸΪĲͬӦٶЩͬѣǼƬ֮䣬Ƕо˼˵Σգһ˲䣬Ѿ˷̬Լǰ۳˼ٲķ硣
ЩǬĸָ˲˳ǧ֮⣬ͬʱڳ˷̬
һ̺֮Ƕо˾޴в
һ˲䣬ǶȻķ֣֮еķըûз
ΪƷһֱֻץסһըѿֲĹͷſǳƷĴ־ͬһŴһץסһ
һεıը޷ѳƷƵķΧ
˶ɵˣ
ôģ
˿һĻѾױɵˣһըܹ׾ٵĺһ컯ĸ֣ôֲĶȻƷץС
ˣ
ƷЦһĴֺݺץһɲǼ䣬ѾʧӰˡ
ǱըҲûƿƷƵķץˡ
ôܣ
ڳƷĶ棬ҲѾɵˣǰѾһٶķ磬֪Լͷŵͨ˵ĿǰܹͷųΪֲĻϵͨ
ֻϵͨԼҲӲȥҲֻʹԷΪ
ȴƷһƸûˣǻ˹ô
뷴ǴʱüȴƷָ֮Žһ˵Ľɨն˲ͳ򷲵ķȥ
ͣ
Ѹײڶ֮˲ͶеķһɲǼ䣬ͽеĽ˸ԴֱӶĺ
޻֮ͬһ㣡
򷲵ȥѪ罦
һгƷ˵赭д׾ٵľˡ
̫ǿˣǾ޵е̬
֮ǰ˵Ʒܹ콾񲻹˰ˣǿ˭ˣ
ôôֲ֮ǰ׷ɱ֮ʲôˣ
˿һĻ׷׵һƼ˹һƷʵ̫ˡ
ʱղվƷ콾ʱҲֻʣһˣǾǹϯӣź㡣
ʱźȫķѾ۵˼£ڳƷոջɱ޻غ˵ʱѾԼǹ۵˼£ǹһ״̬
˵Ѿǿ״̬ս֮ϣûĻᣬֶͨһɱ
û˿Ҫ˵Ĵ㣡
ҲǾ֣˱Ҳˣ
ƷɱǹӵĳԹһΣҪ㳹ɾ
أʱźһ˺һһɲǼ䣬ǹâһ˲䳯ųƷķ˹
䣡
飬һеһжڶѣһǹѾԽ컯һأֱ컯أȻֻһĲ࣬Ǻ֮ǰźܹʩչȣһ
ƾ㣿Ʒһһһֻ̯һǹֱӺơ
˾Ŀ֮УǷˣźǹâ˳ƷƣȻʼһһı˿ûа취˿ƿƷֱ۷
䣡
һ˲䣬˾ֻƷһ󣬾ͽ޴ǹâ˷顣


1957 ˶С˳Ʒ
ͳͳ㣡
ƷһǰЩѾɢӰǹâֱӱץУвϱɢţƷ͵һ˦Щǹâֱӻǣֱӳһߵźɨȥ
ã
ź㼸ϾѾӦ˹ɲǼٶȺǹâЩǹâƬպƬ
Ȼ΢һȴƷ֪ʲôʱѾǰֱɲǼ˲Ƶǰ
˲ȭ
Ʒָȭֲȭ˿ֲ磬ɲǼ䣬񷶼˺ѿֱӺź㡣
źгǹͬһֱųƷֱ˹
ƴˣ
źһǹâضһ޴ޱȵսһ˲̳ǹâ
ǵضɲǼ䣬Ҫһǿи˺ˡ
ͬΪ컯ĸֽ֣־ԻĸҲͬоǳͷۡ
ǳƷܲˣ˲ȭȭ˰oo˺ѿ˳գһ˲Ļ֮УѪɫսıѿĶȻһһı鿪
ɲǼ䣬ȭһУѾź㣬źϵĽ˲飬޷赲סƷȭ
أ
źһѪ˲ѿƷһȭ˷顣
ҡȻź֮˸Ȼ飬֮ǰ뵽ԼȻôˣôı
Ʒǹ϶ĵˣɱǹ洫ӣȻûô򵥾ˣҪǳƷһ̲ס֡
˭룬һαΪնɱƷȴƷһȭɱ
ƷѼ鱨֮еĳƷֱˣͲͬһˡ
Ȼٶź޷ıƷһȭʵ
赲Ʒ콾
ʱƷĿѲȫЩ콾ǶסһҺͳƷӣЩ컯콾ʱһĸо
Ҫ֪֮һЩ˻ܾᣬҪҪ֣ȻڣѾ׷Ӧ˹ˣԲҪ֡
ƷͲһˣһƤĹ
Щ컯콾νǸ߸ϵ֮콾ϵ콾Ҳûκξµġ
Ե콾һǬԪȻУҲôֲ
֮ǰǻС콾񣬳Ʒ콾εĴڣѾôֲˣ콾һǬԪָǺεȿµĴڣ
Цڻ콾֮ǰԳƷƷҪ֪Ʒնɱĳ湫֮ǰǱȳƷҪǰģƷնɱˣ˵콾Ѿ׼ˣڳƷû׼
ԳƷʵ콾ǰ콾ҲˣǺ콾֮Ĳûô֮ǰ콾ھʮֹȻѹ·磬ҪҲѣ˵ǻɱˣ컯콾Բͬ۵
ȻƷʵѾԽ콾񵱳ƷŶԶԶԽǸޡ
һ콾ôֲĻôǻʲôܿ콾֮ϡ
Ʒɱ䣬һʱˬˣֻԺ鷳ˣţ콣ڣڣħڣңѪɷ¥ĸǺǵģʵǿᣬЩҪʩѹĻڶҪ濼ǵŭɣ
Щ֮УĸûϹ֮ǰ˶϶Ǳ򣬵ȫϯӶˣֻҪ̲סˣ
ҪôˣǲҪȫסƷڲֵĻֻ³Ʒ׶༪٣
۷׷ף˶ףƷ˵ǵţЩźòϯӾôڳƷϣưոݡ
۷׷׵ʱ򣬷ڵĵӴʱҲӸղųƷɱķĿ֮лعƷȻǿ󣬵ǵЩţÿһ򵥣һڶӣ˵ôʩѹĻֻºϡ
һԣƷ֮У˸žĪ飬֮ǰȻϣƷֽ֣̫һϵ֣ƷĴڣҲ֣һεʧܶѡ
˭룬ƷıԶԶ׼֪Ʒôնɱ湫ӵģǳƷնɱЩ׼콾콾սȫ
ֱǿвһף
ʱŶȻʶС˳Ʒ˵˶С˳ƷǿƷĹùã


1958 ѹһԴ֮
˶̫С˳Ʒ츳
Щ콾ƷûʲôԺյıҲʲô˵ʣƺ˱ôĲۡ
Ǿһ˿ûʲôֻѰ˵ļһȴǺʵ
ûʲôԴĹ֮£ȻϮ콾Ȼ֪ʱĳƷǬԪ콾ΣǳԽ˴󲿷ֵ콾Ѿǲʵ
ƷȻҲ˷ڣǴӷõԴֱٵĿ
ȻѰ˿õѾˣ˿ֱͺûõʲôҲûʲô
ӳʼ츳ͱʾ죬ո¶ͷǣ츳Ϊڣеĸ߲ء
Դɽ纣ȫõʦ̵컯е·̺ãһֻҪͰУǵ۷壬һ
ǬԪǷڵɣǳ湫ӵˣƷܵķ콾ϵ콾Ҳˡ
͸˵ˣΪʼҹСչ¶ֺʹ־õԴЩ콾ֻ಻١
Ǵ¼ֻЩˣȻֻ֪ΪСǾʲôزȴ֪
Щ֮ȣƷõļֱֵһᣬܾͬǻĻݺɭܾݲеҰһ㡣
Ǿڲ֮£ƷȻϮɳʱƷΪȻѾԽɡ
ֱǲ˼ģ
ϾʣҲǾҲǲȻʲôʣҲ֪ҲǷʣ÷˴󶯸ɸ
ʾʦ̵֮еĸֹȱټԴĶȻƷϡ
УǳƷµĵط
֪ƷϿ϶б˲֪ľܣЩ׷ϵ˼ֱ˹ȥˡ
ˣҲ֪һ֮¼Ҫһ֣Ϊ֮Ŀľڡ
ȻǰǣƷܹһγƷ˿вٵġ
˶ƷŵˣǷڵĵӣǰ
Ψǰһɷһ˵
ãƷ˵ͷ
ǰ˼Ȼû߶Զ˵Χһ磬Ȼ˵Σ֪ܿ˵ʲô
ϲΪ޵У
Ц˵
²ۣҵΪ޵УȴԶأƷҡҡͷ˵
ֻǵһЦռŷ֣˼˵ĻȻǶԵģ˵زôȥ³ֵ֮еһλڿ˵ǶԵģҵȶ˽⣬Զ˼˽⣡
ţƷüͷ΢漴üͷɿϾȣ˼ֶκܵ˽⣬Զˡ
ɽͼڵĳƷľܣ˼˽⣬Ʒڴ֮ǰ˼ҲΪ档
ⲻֻ˼ҰοĻҲνϾʵѾƽƽĻˡ
ЩܣߵʱգеֶҲƽºαشС֣Ʒ˵
ҴСˣ˵ҲǣһƫԶ֮߳ûʦָߵڣȻѰ˵ȣ˵ͷ˵
Ʒһ˶Ϊûʦָⲻ֪Ժ֮еʵļ¶ʦ֮ȣЩ콾νʦֵһᡣ
ǳƷǣͳͳ
ʦʦͬ㽫Լļ䱣ô
ǶΪƷʲôȱ£Уߵʱյĵزġ
ֲ²⣬ƷȻ֪ģҲֻǲмһˣô顣
ǳƷԾƵԴϮʵϳƷԾǿԴѹһԴˡ
ʣѪʣһǷʣʼսǷеٮٮߣ̫ڤ̫ʮ֮һƿ֮档
ʦ˸ûпɱԣֱӾͱֹǬԪ˲ȱѵƷȱô
ƷԺ֮еĻʼսǬԪеľѧ࣬ǿǬԪƴҲҪߵĸƷۡ
ΨһȱҲĸĵرԳƷٵԴȱѰΪôء
෴ģƷӵеģԶǵ


1959 Сĵģң
ˣһγȻҪСһЩһΣǬԪҲˣ
˵
ҵõϢǬԪںȻһͷһѣˣҲõ˸ĽУһΪ˷Ӧĵˣ
Ʒޱ飬ȴֿˣ˶֪м便ʲôԭ򣬵ǳƷѵô
ǽǬԪ˵˲Ǳˣ
ǬԪãֻ¾˳Ʒʵ̫죬Ʒûܵһʱ䷴ӦǬԪߡ
ĻǬԪѾɥ
ҲûнǬԪϣǬԪôȵϳƷĽΪһͻƵ컯֮óƷҹµľڳƷ˵ˡ
ʱóƷʱǬԪһȭͿԴ˵һޣʮ޶õġ
ϾʵĲѾֻǳ˶֪ѡ
ǬԪ֮⣬콾ĺȻԺҲˣƷ˵Լõ鱨
ʣƷ˵йһ֮ԵǸڳƷ˵һ߸ϣ޷Ĵڡ
һʾͽһǬĸֵˣǸʱڳƷǺεȵĲ˼飬룬ʵΪֻеˣôöߡ
ڳƷҲʲôϾ֮ϵĺӶѾϣΡ
Ʒޱ飬·𲢲ӣҲ֪Ʒг񣬻ֻǴӡ
֮ǰֻóƷǺߣЩ콾ǰƷҲһߡ
ǾһսѾ˵Ʒֻһˡ
෴ģһʵһľ콾
֮⣬һǰģʮһ콾̤磡˵
ĶУţһѣ
ƷЦһ
ǸҳɳȻݶ֣ǾͱҲˣ̤ͷҽ֮ʣ
ȻĿųƷ֪ƷĲ֪ǼٵĲ֪˵̤ˣһλһ˾Ҳ͵СģﻹƷ㣬ҪǸ
˶٣Ȼ󿪿˵뷨ǺõģɲҪС˻̤磬ǿ֮һķһһ峤ҲǷһľ콾֮һ֪ɣܹΪ壬ʾͿȷʣݺᣬ޵֮У֮ͬܺȼĸ޼
ƷȻ֪һ壬ڡ硷ǱҲмأ˵ӵϹŰ׻Ѫ޵Ѫݻ˷໢˫ԶƿطԵͨ㲻ƾڵѪҲ׾ٵе컯
ʣעҪվ۷һ壡
һ֮еǿӲɣҲִĻʳļȷ棬֮źպ֪һϡ
˵ҲôĻʳ֮Ĵڣһһֱ궼أıԣһ֮У²׵Ĵﵽ컯Ϊһ֮жٸ֣߶ʵ֮ǿһһɶҪǿĶֱ࣬׷ʮż
֮пνǾްһĴڣûԸһ塣
޷ȻңǷһ壬͸ûһ峤ˣ
Ʒ˵̤ϡ
˻̤֮⣬һƶٶ죬ҲǷǳѲһڣ콾Ҳŵ˵ʮ
˵ܹŽ콾ǰʮĶǼΪµĴڣһ㣬벻ҪҸ˵ʲôˣ
壬ħڣһһ⣬Ⱥħ裡Ʒüͷ΢ֻ˵ѵֻЩô֮ѵֻ̫һϵгô
ǵȻǣ
ҡҡͷҵֵܵȻҲʲôʡ͵ĵƣƳѡҲʵ׵ģҿĶ֣ᣬвģĸˣҪǧע⣡
£һ飬Сĵģңǣ
ƷЦ
˭ȽΣգǻһأ
Ʒ漴˵ã콾ϣЩ֮ϣһδ콾Ҳϴˣ
¶ŵ飬ʲô콾콾ͳͳһ


1960 
Ҳ֪˵ƷԴˣ˵֮ǰƷô˵׼ΪƷ϶ǷˣŻôá
ȻΪЩ콾ǰʮĴڲһҪСĵķЩˡ
ִڣʮֵļɵС
ǳƷȴҳӣ
Ҳûж˵ʲôǳǴɡ
ڸϽ֪ͨɳϹɣĻһɱôˣֻ߲ңɽˣ˵ңɽ֮Улʹùõıӻʹùòϲ㣬Ҳһ뿪ңɽֻϾͻ㣡
ƷʱȷˣȷʵǺģƺԣܹ뵽Щѵ벻ô
ȻѾˣҪЩ˵ͷôЩڿǵõķΧ֮ڡ
һҪ빫°һæ
Ʒ˵
˵˼ϣֻҪģҶҳҲǿԵģ
˵Ϊ֣óƷǷһõİ취֪Щ֣һһӸ߰ҪշЩ֣ô򵥡
˵ǷǳѵģЩҪʲôûУҪóЩ˶ĿĶǸܵ顣
Ψ£ѩ̿пܵõЩ˵ꡣ
ΪҪЩ˺ΪУҲںΪԽԽóƷδǰ;ֱ
ֻҪܹóϿɣƷδ˭С
ҪƷҡҡͷ˵һҩģϣܹŪҵһһѾ˱˵ļ֮УҳͲˣϣٵ֮ǰܰŪ
˵ţƷݸһ֮һҩĵ嵥
һҩ嵥һϣ˽Ĳ࣬ЩҩľʲôϵƷӣƺǽϣЩҩ֮ϣȻҲѰ֮
΢һ£¶˼ֵЦݣ˵ȻûģȻˣⲻǾ֮ͣ
Ҫʱңһмֱģ԰ɹѹأչһЦЦ绨
Ʒ΢΢һԼ̫Сɱ˱˼ҵϯ޶ܻ⣬ڱԶԶֻϱֳôһ㣬ֻ»Ǳɽһǰˡ
֪Լһ飬óƷ˿۳顣
˵ĹأһɫĶݹңɽ˳ֱƿ˽磬˳Ʒǰ
һԼĪŶʮ߰ģŮӣһɫĹװȹϸһϾȴųԿĮ
ǳƷҪ㣡
װŮӿ˵߸ϣݾܾ
ƷüͷһأȻʹĴ֪ˣװŮӾȻǳߵŮϪȻΪŮʵϾǳͽܣҲǳĵһͽܡ
ϾңɽĶȴδͽܣΨһͽܾ˼ꡣ
Ļӻʶ֮дŮЩŮõָ㣬иԴĶȻΪı𸮣ңɽٲȻһʥصģ
ЩŮӵмߵΪϪеٮٮߣΪͳԽ컯ֻ±ǬԪҪǿϼ֡
Ϫ֪ʹùΪ£ʵ
Ϫһع£ūҲֻ֪ǳҪټ
ɣ
Ϫ漴ת̤һݹ⡣
ƷҲһݹ⣬ңɽ
һ޴Ưɽ֮ϣ޴ɽ屻ȥγһƽأ̨ͤ¥֮Уơ
ƷϪ֮£ϷĿ⿴ȥڲ֮УһӰ֡

ƷһҾ
ôĵӣȻҵĵطɱˣҷ
УǸӰ˵ȴһصơ
һ֮ƣȻУȴȻǾþλ߲ܹơ
سҲǽһЩûʸ޳ˣƷ˵
㲻ɱô֮Уڵ
Ҫɱңһʼնɱ湫ӵʱ򣬳ɶ֣Ʒ֪ԳʵЩ鲻ùûгֹǲֹ
ԼҲųƷ֣޳һЩûʸ֮ˡ


1961 һ֤㿴˭ûʸ
Դ⣬Դ󣡡
֮д֮
ҲǾʵԱѣƷ
Ҫҵ뷨ԴȵģĮ˵в
ƷüͷһȻ˼ʦ˵ҲӦҵĳǳ֪˼δ£ҪһѵҪѹˣҳ
ѹΣһȣأһɿޱѹѹ˹
˲䣬Ʒ·оһ̫ɽѹƾƶܶԳƷɾ޴ѹʵ֪жôľˡ
أʱ򣬳ƷԺ֮еųһ߲ʵĹâ˲ͽһѹΡ
ţƺҲû뵽ƷȻܹɻѹ
еŵĪΪҶԿĮϲŭ
볤¶ԿԣҲ볤йϸ𣡡
Ʒ˵
˻һڲԶϪ˪飬Ϊ֮ˣȻôͳ˵֮¶ûжˡ
ֻҪ·ҷȥָлˣƷ
ôΪ˼ô˵
Ȼǣҷ޷룬˼֮ʣǳʩԮ֣ĳмҲܹɢǷ޵ɣʮһ׮飡Ʒ˵
ûʸ䲻˵δǰ;пܴﵽ붼޷ĳ̶ȣûʸ񣡡
ƷԣɵЦΪ˭ʸ˭ҸǿվңǷ޵ҲҪ๣
֤ҿĮޱȣϲŭ
һ֤㿴ģǣ
Ʒ˵꣬˦תȥ
ųƷȥӰϪڵ£˶Ե²ǷҪʹ
޷ȥɣ
֮УǸӰ˵
޷ǬԪˣҲվȡ裬ǬԪˣʸ˵ĻҲ뿴˼Ƴ֮ˣмＸ
Ϫ۾һתǿô
ͨùǿ飬ͨǽ٣֮Īڴˣ
֮е翲
ͷһ֦Ʒ˦ȥȴû飬෴ģһ
˷볤ۣԴǼңʵ򲻹ֻ̽ѣڿԵóۣȻϲվûдҪ˼ָ˭뷨ֻǿҪӢ֮Ϊ˼ѡһķ
ƫģǳƷûʲôɵĵġ
ʣµĲƾʵȡʤѣ
ƷɽС򣬲ű֮ڸղţٵѾʼˣƷŮ֮£ңɽһ޴Ĺ㳡ʱ㳡֮ϣѾˣոԵݵλͲͬȦȺｻһƬֵľ
ƷҲûнʲôֻһطոʱ̾͸оĿ׷䵽ϡ
ƷҲһȻԵõӣûΪЩ˵Ŀ˿ĶҡвٶǴżȷŭĿ⡣
ôܣôܻţ״ȺǬԪ˳Ʒֱͬ˹һҲǸոսӵ鱨˵ƷȻû
ǿ鱨ۿƷȫ顣
û˱Ʒ⵽̷ˣΪҲУضԶͨȳƷòᣬ̤֮С
ΪˣҲ˼ΪʹĴۣҳ̫һϵ˵ʢŭ֮µ̫ξ𣬳塣
ʧ˵ǼΪأ㶼۵Ҫ̫ӳ̫ξܾʹưոݡ
ȻôĴۣȴֵõģֻҪĸ󻼣һеĴ۶ֵõġ
ںܾ֮ǰ޷Ʒһֱӡ
ԽԽܹоƷвΪŲϧĬ֡
˭룬ӦѾȥˣͻȻֳ
ĵһӦҪƷǹ
˷֮󣬳ƷȻǸģȷȷʵʵǻˣ˻
ʱζӣȫȫĲţôĴ֮󣬾Ȼһ
һ˲䣬бΪɱ⡣
ȻûȻ֮ǰ㶼ûҾĿ֮½ɱҲ㻹оɣ
ųƷĳ֣㳡֮ϣһƬڶ


1962 ٵ˺
Ȼû
ôܣûô̽ģ
Ͽ϶ܹķ
ڳƷֵһ˲䣬ڶ
˿ж֮󣬳ƷȻܻŻ׷״Ϊ
ڳУ˿ƷĿ֮жżԹ֮ɫƷĿɨ˹ȥǵķκϵķϢͲжˡ
֮ǰƷɱϯӵĳħڣŵŵĸ֡
Ǭ洫ӣҲ컯ĳϣȫԳƷŭĿӡ
Щ컯ĳϣʱ϶˺˵ɱ⣬޲ýƷʬΡ
ǣ֮ǰҲû뵽Ȼ־棬֮еţҲһϣƷնɱˡ
ţƷնɱϯӣʱŭͷ֮ǰƷնɱֶѾʹ顣
òײƳһϯӣȻλûûȣѾ˳Ʒϡ
˳𲻹죡
һɱϯֱӳųƷȥ
еҲ׷ͣｻ˵ĿҲ䵽˳Ʒϡ
ƷôĵӣȻɱôϯӣǷڵĵӾ˲ôʱһϼƷһУΪŵӣɵ̲סŭȵ
˲ΣʱƷЦһ˵˭˲֪˼ҵδޣ֮޲죬ǼȻ֪ˣǰᣬǾϧ

Щŵ컯̫ϳɵ÷׷Ĵӵ۾ģδŵļһɱ˻Ҫ˲ڵϣֱ̫
˵úãأڴʱһ֮Уһ°ɫ۵վ˵Щϧģܿҷڵ鷳
Ʒ°ɫ۵ߣȻ֮ǰûмߣⲢƷ³ݣȻӦǷڵ̫ϳϣϴǿϢĿǰĳƷҪǿϲ١
Ҫ֪ĿǰƷʵԺɨ컯صĸ֣˵Ƿڵ̫ϳ֮УҲǳƷĶֻ֣ٲܹѹĿǰĳƷһͷ
Щȫ̫ϳ֮ٮٮ֮еٮٮߡ
ȻЩ̫ϳžӢ֮еһԱΪ컯أΪǿᡣ
ƷЦ˵ͷ°ɫ۵ߣҲһЦȻ˵Ҳǵʲô뷨С飬ЩСȥλҪֵĻҾþЩˣ
ڹܵҲ̫ˣڴĻʳһ绽ҲˣǶҳħڶôأʱһħӰӶɲǼ䣬Ѿ˳ƷǰֱħצųƷץ
컯أ
ħӰ컯صΪ湫˵ǿһֹĶ֡

Ƿڵİ̫ϳϴŭһôֱڵƣ
Ȼʮ֮ߣҲʮżĴڣܹƵġ
Ҫ֧ԮʱȴѾˣ֪ʲôʱ֣ڳȻкüǿϢסˣÿһϢ˶⼸֣Ϣֱǽһ㽫סˡ
ȻҪħӰֲ֮Ʒ˲ֹһһ˲Ĭжϣ̫ϳϳ֡
ֻôһ˲һħӰѾӵ˳Ʒǰ
ƷܹһħӰ֮ϣȻּЦݣȻԼʵǳš
Ȼ컯ĸ֮вʲôǺʣԸĿǰһոճɳ콾콾ǺѶȵġ
Ѱ콾콾Ķ֣ǶĿǰ콾һ콾Ҳη塣
ħצۿֱҪƷץʱȴʱ򣬳Ʒڶˣֳ͵һ˺˫ָⱬһŽɫĹâ·γһֻɫһȻֱץסǸħӰȻ͵һ
ͣ
ħӰӦҲԳƷֱ֣ӾͱƷֱһ˺ѳ룬Ѫɣڰ֮бһץסһ˲䣬ʬ嶼ƷɽͼĿռ֮С
ȫһļžһз̫죬ڳ˶ӦľԮķڰ̫ϳҲһסˡ
ղŻϣƷּܹϢܹϵ֧Ԯ˭֪һ˲䣬ƷͽԷֱ˺Ѷ


1963 Σ
Ʒħڵ̫ϳϵٶ̫ˣɲǼ䣬ɱħڵ̫ϳϡ
һ˿ѪûȫƷץɽͼĿռ֮Уൽϡ
ЩڵſϷЩˣֱҪӶɳˡ
ǶſƷ󣬱Ͼ˿һĶҲǸոտ컯Ӧǿܹ͸ŵ̫ϳϱȻȻˡ
Ͼŵ̫ϳҲݺµ콾Щ콾Ҫǿ⣬»ҪһЩ꣬Ҫȫ泬ԽҪٵʱŶԡ
ȻڣƷѾһʵݺݴһӣһĳɳٶԶԶǵ
һħڵ̫ϳϣƷһ赲ס
ڳĸ֮У󲿷ֵΪħڵ̫ϳϣΪࡣ
Ʒ־ͽħڵ̫ϳ˺Ѷ˲һĸоһֺȻĸо
һվɳˣ
ип
ȻǶ̶ʱ֮һ˷ĺ
񣡡
죬Ȼɱˣ


һĺһ˲䴫ȫָĿǵض
ղųƷɱ˶ŵϯӣϢѾЩŵĸַ׷׶ԳƷŭĿӣǹ˼ǳĵֻ̣ͶԳƷˡ
лмɿֲϢڶ˳ƷҪɱ
أʱһǿңɽӳĹ¡
˵Ŀ֮ת˹ȥȴһɫװľɫṲ̊Ŷݹ⣬Ĺ֮г˵ǰ
Ů䣬ԼĪŶʮµͣʤѩݾɫһŮȣϸżµơ

˵ͺһȴǱˣǴĻʳĳ㣬ҲԺյĴĳ
˷׷
ƷĿԽȴûз˼ӰɵЩʧ
£
˷׷񣬵
ѱǬԪˣҲڳǰԼͷ­ΪǶ֪ǵǵǰʱǲŷ֣֮ǰеĴ˵ԣǵΪԳʱɸоһɲĸо
λ
ʱƲ֮е֮У߸ϣͬ˵еo
ȻȴûκβⱾӦеĵλơ
˿򳤹Ŀ֮ж¶֮ɫϣʹƷ
ԳʵƷ֮ǰıܹùǲ֣˶ڵȴųĳʹ
ٵſʼûжٵʱ䣬ƷɱˣֱǵƳǷڵԳʱ򶼲ҷ
˿ȻûҪŹƷ˼
ϣδͬԸǰ㣬ҪʹƷǣǿ˵λܹǰμӱٵʤң
漴һת汾Ҫ˵ȴ޹أλӦҲλǰǱٵ֮⣬ҪΪĹŵӹ俤߽Կɲμӣʤ߼ɳΪ俤ķ
ʱڳ˶˷ϾǰΪ˴£ŵ̫ϳǰҲҪΪԼ֮е꿡ܱݻ
ʱв˽Ŀɨ˳ƷϾ˶Ʒ˼δ˾ϣƷʹ˷ý賤ֽ֮
Ƭ֮䣬в֪ʲôʱ򣬾Ѿվ˶ʮˣʮˣÿһϵķɲ⣬ٲȻһģΪǿᡣ
ʮ֮УҲǳ컯ĸ֣콾ϵĸ֣Ҳ콾֮¼пܿ콾Ĵڡ
˵һʱ֮ѡ˽еٮٮߡ
ƷʱĿ֮£Ҳͬվ˳ȥ
Ȼˣ˭Ҫ̨ս
أڴʱֳ֮͵һ˺֮ϾȻһοռ䣬οռ֮аڷһ޴ޱȵ̨Ȼһθ콾ȶĿռ䡣
Ȼ̫ԸһУ˶һ˵
أڴʱһӰ̤Ŷݹ⣬˴οռ֮е̨֮ϡ
˶һȴǳƷ˭ء
Ʒôһˣ
ʱһΪǰ
ҵһѵаܹס콾ĳսɣ
Ʒ̨֮ϣĿɨһȺ콾ֵλ俤ҵδޣϣҸһӣȥü
ΣҷҪأ
أһ


1964 ȥɣ
ʱһֱ䵽̨֮ϡ
ƷĿ⿴ȥȴһһۣȫϣͷҲɫꡣ
ģ
ƷĻûͨɫһѪ˳

˶Ʒ⧲һ仰Ū̲סЦȻܶ˺޲ýƷʬΣ⧲֮»̲סЦ
ǸͨɫʱҲסˣ漴ʱŭȵģƷȻҳЦң
ڴ֮ǰû˳أҲˣеĹˣɫԽԽ˵Ĺ
ЦˣŵȻг
ҼǵӦ߾ѧ칦֮еģô˵һŶˣ
¶Ҫˣ
ЦΣƷָų𣬵ղ˵㲻Σ
Ҿʹ㣡
ɲǼ䣬Ʒһɿֲ˲䱬ըͷ˳ס˳
ֲͷſٵ֮ǬĸָоһֲֿѹѪ
ңƾ㣿ʱŭ
أ̨֮ϣѾźɫĶһɶҲ֪ʲôʱ򣬾Ѿ̨֮ϣһӾ˵ٶȳ˷ɢȥ
ٵ֮ϣܵľͿʼԼ۳˽硣
ʵн֮п˵ԺգŶŵ¶ı¼ɵ֡
ʱ¶ڲ֪֮ѾɣΪǸǿֶǵϡ
ţǾͷˣһ㶾ڼʳοռʱ򣬱һ㵭Ľ赲סˡ
˶Ӧ˹ӦǱˣһ
ŵĶҲͬɵ֣һСܻĿֲֶΡ
ʱ˲˼ע˳Ʒ
أֻһ˵ĽӶ֮ϯնһ㶾
˲ڿˣһ㶾ƺûܹԳƷʲôв䵽ƷϣȻ˿
ܹʴһɽĶȻԳƷһ˿һв
žֶֻôƷһ֮һƬ䣬Ŀ֮ޱȵĮ
˭˶Ȳ
챻ƷѪ֮˸Ĺâһ򶾹צ
֮ϣĶܵʲôٻһ㣬ʼһֻɭɭƵľ޴ĹצȻųƷķץȥ
򶾹צܹ򶾹צزʵҲ컯ˣ
ȷʵ콾ʵȻȳƷһЩҲ࣡
˶ˣͼŴһľĳƷķͷȻûôʢȴҲȷȷʵʵ콾ϵֻƷҪһЩҲŵ˵ʮ
˿Ϊ֮ǰŵʮĳƷ˵Ҳ˶ˡ
ʲôƨĶ
ƷһָɲǼ䣬һ˵Ľâָ֮۶ɣָ֮һ˲䣬Ѿһֻ򶾹צȥ

֮Ľâ˺ѿ˳գֱ򶾹צ֮Уƺƴ򶾹צһâĶ֣˿һâ֮޾ĶȻˡ
Ǿ޴򶾹צҲĿ֮£˵ƤӵѣĶɢ
âȥƲֱճųϯȥ
䣡
һ޴ĺ֮󣬽âһУڼӲޱȵ̨նһ޴ޱȵѷ졣
һߵĳѾӰˡ
һ˲䣬ѾâˣʧӰ١
ȫһļž
ղųƷɱǸħڵ̫ϳϵʱû䶯
Ǹ̫ϳϳ֣ûи˭ֻ֪ǳħڵһ̫ϳϣĿһ콾ϵ콾ֱԼǰ𺳸
⡭⡭ĿɿڴһĻ˵ˡ
ܰƷڳ֮ǰҲ׵ܣȻսϲǺóҲӦùܵԭɰ
ÿֲһǸֲǣҿƷӣƺûоȫһ㣡
̫ǿˣѹȥȷʵʵ
⻹ô棬˶שֱ񣬿Ҫһ˰ɣ
һʱ䣬۷׷ס


1965 ٸһһɣ
Ʒһնɱ˳𣬸ɴ䣡
˾ͬʱҲס˺ܶˣǶʮ콾֮У󲿷ֵʵ볣糣
£ûƷʲôʵ˾Ȼһӱסˡ
ǰ
ҪôƷɨһˣȻ󿪿˵
Ʒ⻰콾϶¶˼ŭݡ
ƷĻûнǷϣٲȻһ߸ϵģȻղųƷһɱ˳ǿ̬ڻǵԺ֮У
࣬㣡
أڴʱһӰżֺХһµӰѸײڶ֮Ƴ̨ռ֮С
̧ͷһȴһͷɢһۣżֿӳ̨֮ϡ
ǷһĻ̤磬һĸˣ
˿˻̤磬ʱоƷ鷳Ҫˡ
̤ʵԱ֮ǰĳҪǿĶ࣬ϸǲͬһΧ֮ڣȻ˲ϲ콾ſ񣬲ⲢҪ̤Ʒ鷳
Ʒʵ콾Ԥϣֻºͻ̤Ҳڲ֮ɣ
ƷʵǿҲǰʮʵ
۷׷ףԳƷʵɲǺܿãڳƷɽͼ֮̽˶ʵͳԲ׼ˡ
Ʒϻ˿ܻܵǿУҲ˲òһһۡ
ڣ˶Ѿﵽ˿콾ǰʮĳ̶ȣѾԽ˷ϯɵĳ̶ȡ
˿۲νߣ
ƷĿǰĻ̤磬̤翴ųƷҲ¶˼ζЦݣ֮ǰ˵㣬û뵽һλ˳ˣȻûӲĺܣ죬ضҵϣ
˵ţ̤˫͵һͨˣϱɱ⣺ɱҵһ壬㻹ǵô㵱ҲˣȻ㻹ţ쳤ۣ𣡡
Ʒ뵽˵һս⵽̵ĸֵķ̽һλԳ֣һߡ
ʱǿһսնɱ̵ĸּǲ
뵽Ʒ΢΢һĨЦ˼ɱ̫ˣûӡˣ
̤ԣϵɱӱޱȡ
ƷɱǸһ𳤴󣬿˵˵Ĺϵǳãͬӣȥһ콾ȻǸ콾
ƷˣȻޱȵķŭȴҲҲйĶ󣬵ڳƷֻˡ
ΪҶʲôȤôұ˵Ǹ˼δޣ뽫Ȣ֣ȻŪĥû뵽ĿĻûﵽȻ㣬̫̫ˣҿԱ𣡡
̤Ц˴ĿģһûʲôȤֻҪƷѡ
ң
Ʒ֮б˼Цݣ˵Ʒ۵Ļôһ˼꣬̤Ѿһˡ
㣬ʲôһҲļһѣ
̤һһɲǼ䣬޾Ŀϯ˹ƴӻһԣڻֵ̤쾡¡
һ֮У̤Ķһ˲䣬֪ʲôʱ򣬻̤ȻѾ嵽˳Ʒǰˡ
𣡡
̤һ˫צֱ˺ѿ˲񷣬һɿֲķϵ˫צ֮ͷ˳һɲǼ䣬ҪƷ˺ѿ
һ˲䣬һɷϵ޷˺ѿƷȻһһ
Сһ壿ٸһһɣ
ƷһָȭȻһȭ˳ȥ
ֻǼ򵥵һȭȻֱӺ䴩Ŀ磬κη񷶼
أ
Ʒһȭֱ䵽˻̤ϣ̤һҽУ˵˳ȥһѪ˳ȥ
Ȼûе˼
ƷȻûһȭɱ̤磬ɵЦһһֱ֮ٶȳֱ֣Ӵһɽӡ
Ʒ˫һӡջһɽֱѹ
ɱңûôף
̤ŭȻֱӱˣһͷ׶ͬСɽһӴ˫ϳһԺƷ֮һĳ
ˢ
̤һ˲䣬Ѿʧԭء
ǵٶȳֵʱȴֵķ֣һɽȻƳ۾һ


1966 磬һϰɣ
ôӲ
̤ʱʧɫҪ֪ƴӻһʵΪǿ󣬵ǵٶȸǿ쵽¡
Ѱ˸ûа취ٶȣһǬԪҲţƾٶȾڲ֮ء
ʵ֤ˣһǴףƷסһôܣûа취㿪Ʒıɽӡ
ƴˣ
ʱ̤Ψƴȫһȫһɹɿֲķӿֱֳӿߣһֲ񳱣Ǳɽӡȥ
¡
һɿֲķϯϵɢ磬˿÷ɢ˿񳱸޷ɽӡɽӡһһѹƬ֮䣬ͽһɿֲպıɢ
أ
ɽӡ˻̤޴ޱȵ̤ػͬСɽһӴݺݵ䵽˵ϣһҽ޴ޱȵ̨ھҵĻζҳһӡ
̤޴Ҫܹȴ֮ϣһâֱ̤նס
޴Ļͷһԣ콾ʮһĶ콾̤磬
Ѫ̨֮ܿϣͬѪһ㡣
⡭Ҳ̫ǿ˰ɣ̤綼Ƕ֣˲ɵõһʵֻкǬԪһϸµıǮ˰ɣ
뵽ɵõһƷ̶Գ֮ǰԤϡ
ǸϲҪĳַңⲻǸոտʼѣ
Ʒ֮˸űĹâһϵĴڲԳ֣óƷ޵Ͳʲôؿ֮ˣνرҲΪ
˵Ĵˣ˳𲻱ĲΪˣ
˴ʱ֮ǰƷ⵽̵ַл֮еһϴԳ֡
ʵϣΪ֪һϵԳˣ˲϶˳Ʒض·һ
ܴһλѵһǲڵģ콾һǬԪ˿Ҳ߱ѵĿԡ
ʵϣǲ²ҲûдʱƷʵѾԺǬԪа壬ǬԪĻһսɡ
ͬƷ
ôĵӣȻɱҷһ
ʱ·һһӳױŭˣһ˱Ͳ࣬ÿһǾӢÿһŲܹ¡
ˣÿһ֮Уܹ콾Ȼ֮٣Ͼ콾ŵȺ콾֣һϰͲˣ˵Ҫлôߵ
е˶̤統һϣ˭˳Ʒϡ
һŭ죬˲䱬˿ֲƣųƷϮɱȥ
˵ʵҪԶԶȻ̤ǿ̫ˣ붼ǳ컯ϵĸ֡
ƷòԴ
ãң
أڴӵ̫ϳ϶ʱŭҪֹȴһֻذ׵ӹһӽһץС
ڱǰƻĹأ
أ
һߣһĸָ޷֮ͱѪ꣬漴ֱһâĨȥ
ʱֳһļžˣȻղųƷıʮ־ˣһٵ˿ǳ
ǿдĻҵһ֮ƣǿĸ֮һµĹأһĸֳıӵŸٵ֮ϵ
ǵֵʵô컯߶εĸ֣ȻһѪ꣡
ʱЩһѵˣһȻ֮к绽꣬Ǹǿ壬Ƕʲôأ
˵ɱɱˣ·һıɷ򣬵ǣ
ڶݵһļž֮һͬը˹һ
ǿ
Ⱥ֮ǬԪ˫ͫ͵һһĸ֣Ƕ֣ڳǰȴȫһһ
ѹ̫һҪ˼ȢΪľ£
Ĵڣȷʵʸ̫һϵ˷Ѿ˼Ҫ£ʸϵ
漴ǬԪ֮бһ˵Ķ־ɷǣһ죬ҪԽ
ǬԪ֮⣬˸ǶȻһˣȻ֮ͬУܲƷҲԲκƻԼµĹء
ƫƫԳʵȷʵӵʸ
һһ̫鷳ˣ磬һϰɣ


1967 ǬԪҶԹ˶ϣ
̧ͷȴƷһ߽̤ľ޴ʬɽͼĿռ֮Уһ߿˵
Ŀ֮мֵĮҲмɱ⡣
ǣʱѾû˻óƷǿˣ
Ʒֶ̤Ѫ֮УһӢ֮һµơ
˵Ŀⶼʣµʣ컹ǬԪ
˳
ʱֵһƤĽ׳쿴ͣϸǴѰı뺷Ϣ
ǴʱһοڱҪ˳˺һԾ漴˱ҲˣΪʲôѡҲ콾ʮ뻢̤綼в࣬ڲ֮䣬ֻƷ־˻̤ĿֲΪҪɱҲʲô¡
ƶٶȻֿȴеĴˣҲеϡ
ұԭʶȺۣռʶˣĿҲʹﵽˣ칰ֵҾӲּȻûҲᵶᰮ֮£Σ˳ˣ
ȻһҰ˵Ĵ磬֮ȴΪǫ飬֮߳ˡ
ţȻԺѧϰһӣڿֻ²٣
ҲţںȻԺʱ򣬱λյ㣬δԳɾʹĵĶϧˣ
ڵĻƶҲ֮жĴУδرȺȻԺҪҾУδǰҲضǲ
۷׷ף֪ԭ⿴һҰ˴죬ȻصѧȻܹȻԺλΪķӣѧ˲õ顣
Ҳ˳ɣʱһߣһֳһʣ֮Ե׿ȺҲͬڵ
䰮Ľ俤ȴҲ֪г֮
ƺڳƷղŵĻŭֻǵһЦ
ƷҲЩȻʺʱ˳Ȼδ˷ϣǺ¡
һ֣Ǵɱ䣬ǸʱǽƵԼĶ档
ڣѾʭӶ˲ȴҲԸ¶ˣ˶˳ɵöǺЦ˵ͷʾл
ʣ춼ŵòҲμˣƷôƣ
˲ɵÿ˵˶ףȻʺ쿴˵ĹûʣȻем˳мǱƷ㣬ΨԼˡ
˵߼֮ϾƷչֳʵѾ㹻ˣʱѡ˳Ҳ˳Цˡ
̤ʵƷ׾ٵĻɱֻҲֲ˺ãǱذɣֻҲδֵܹĺȥ
ֻ³ǬԪƷѾԹ̫֮ˣڿƷʵ֮󣬶ѡ֪Ѷˡ
˵콾ˣʱƷһϸµ뷨ûˣʱƷչֳʵʵ̫ˣֻǼһ𣬰һǳƷĶ֡
ʱеĿⶼ䵽һǬԪϣΨûѡˡ
ʱƷڵǬԪҶԹڴ˽ᣬȻˣҲתȥҲ㣡
ǬԪԣ¶˼ŭݣʱ߸ϵĸӳƷģֻǸʱ򣬴û뵽һ죬ƷȻҲܹ߸ϵĸͬһ㣬ֱ̫
ĿųƷ˵ļ
ˣƷʱ˵޷ǾǼѣղƻһĸֵ³˶ˡ
ƷȻ»ȥƻأΨ취С
ʵͲı׼ȷ˵ǸıǲòϣıǳЧ֪Ǹ壬Ҳò̤С
㻹ǳɹҼŭˣĪΪɱ˻̤֮ͿһսǿЦǬԪ˱Ѿ̨ռ֮Уٶȿ쵽˼£ûзӦ
Ҫֵӵļ˵ҵĶԹʱˣ
ǬԪӦսˣǵǿ콾֮ô
ǵģƷʵҿǬԪ࣬Ҳ࣡
˵˭ʤ
ҿǬԪϾǬԪ콾һĴڣˣҪ׷ϸûһֱѹסһͷ
ҲǬԪƷǿվ˼ֵ̣
ǲ˵ǬԪǿдʮˣδı


1968 һСĴ㣬ɾͲˣ
ǬԪΪһ콾̳Ѿʮʱ䣬ϣǶǬԪβˬˣҲòϣʵϣǬԪȷʵѹͬ
һǬһ컯δܵһɳѣԽ컯
ǬԪʮεĵһλǿжõġ
ȴôΪǽ֮ǰҵĿҲˣҲǬԪʤȻһȴãӦûǳƷʤ
ҲôΪǬԪʵȻǿģܹ׾ٵĻɱ̤ô
ǬԪʵҵԤϵķΧ֮ڣǳƷԳԽޣб
Ȼ󲿷˶֧ǬԪһ˸óƷֻΪƷ֮ǰı̫ޣ֮ǰƷնɱ湫ӵ˵ʱǲȻƷɱ𣬻ɱ̤Ǿֳ
ƷǾ˵ʵβǵ
ǬԪ˫ͬ𣬿ֲޱȣϱһǿķ
컯۷壡
ôܣʵôô죡
˾˶ǬԪʵȻ컯۷壬Ŷ̶̵ʱ֮ڣǬԪǵû֮ܵǰһˣӰ죬Ǹ֮ϣһ
ﵽ˶̾ĵز
֮е컯̫ϳϿһĻɵ÷׷׵һ֮ǰǻĵޱƶһǻңԶ
ȻгƷǬԪɵǸо˼в
һվѾߵһ
֮УЩ콾ķӦĿɿڴΪǸǬԪʵչ
Ʒָɴ䣬ǳ𣬻ǻ̤綼óƷУԼ֪Ʒʵǿɲ⣬ȴҲ޷֪Ʒжǿ
ԶǬԪɵ𺳣
ôôǿ콾оһ־ǬԪǬ۷֮֮д󲿷˶ѾǬأǬ۷ĴڣʱǬԪĲƺҲֻ֮ң
ȻʱƣǺò׿컯ǬԪȻѾ컯صΪԶԶ˦
ʱǲһ仰е˿һٷ֣Ϊֻܿһٷ֣е˿һٷ֣Ϊֻһٷ֡
һʵر
ԭϹŵЦݣһģʿǬԪʵҲɵ¶˼ص飬ֻǬԪȻһֱǬԪ׷ϵĿֻ꣬ǬԪչֳʵòΪ֮Ŀ
Աߣ˫ȭգĿǰһĻ˫֮б˱Ȼ滹ҪҵĶ־
һֱһȻһĻɵüͷǬԪʵıЩͬΪ֮ӵ콾ͬʱ˾޴ΣС
ͬǬԪһ컯ĺ䶯ǰ㣡
֪ǬԪķƷĿⶼ֮΢΢ȻǵǬԪ֮ǰ컯۷ѣش֮ǬԪǵû˱˽ȣ෴ģΪ֮ϣһﵽ컯۷ĵز
Ȼлʵļӳ֣ǲò˵ǬԪǶ콾һˣѹƵ콾ȷʵ鴫
ƷڵģΪͣʵҲҵĿģҶԹ꣬ʱһ˶ˣ
ǬԪ˵
΢Ϊ֮ĿʸûеϣھȻӵԼսʸòϣԤϡ
ȻǰΣգһУҪһ˶ϡ
ǬԪĻأȫɣȻû˼ˣ
Ʒ˵
ʲôǬԪʣȻǻ
˾һϢ֪˿ν֮٣ϾǬԪĵƣֶȻԽ֪Խá
Ͼһ˵֪֮󣬾ͻᱻ׼ԣ
콾֮жԼʻĪʤǬԪҲ֮һֻǿ϶зʣȻһȴ֪
ô֪лǬԪ۾е֣ΪʲôƷ֪ǻҪ֪ʩչԼ󶼲֪ӵеķǻƷǴӺε֪ġ
ǴĶ֪ģóɣȻһСİˣǿɾͲˣƷЦޱȵᣬ׹ߡ
һСĴңǬԪЦЦŲڷƮɢͬһ㡣û˸˵һСĴңͷһҲһ
ǾҿмＸڵ˲񣡡
䣬ǬԪˣ


1969 ǬԪҵĲô
䣡
ǬԪͬһƳųƷϯȥ
ͬʱƷҲһɿµ֮ԣ˿ãײâ
ǬԪϵķŻһĳɫأһ룬ƷķǴ޾֮ϯһһĵߡ
˵ڱǿ
ֻǬԪӣ֪ղųƷ˵Ļֻ²٣ŨĻϵѾˡ
Ʒ̺֮֮Ҳ˴۽磬֮ǰõ鱨֮ᵽģƷܿһصķʡ
Ļƾ츳Խʺʶ콾ǲЦ
أ
ǬԪһż̤棬ʱ̨žҡԿķĽӳȥҪ̨յķڡ
һ˲䣬ǬԪĮεضͬһֻ˺һһ㣬ųƷ˹
һɲǼ䣬ǬԪϣͻȻһͨڵĹŽŽ͹ӣͷһɾ˵Ľһ˲䣬һɽֱӳ𣬴ʮɣֱǧɣһֲĽնҪն롣
ÿµĽʲô˾һʵһĿֲÿһҪն꣬ȿ¡
Ǹǣĸ
һͺܴ̫ϳһϳǬԪʩչһʲôƺˣںܾúܾǰһ׵ʱһмһλµĴڳֹ
ӣ
ֻǬԪĹȻܺ͸ĶһȣȻȴҲѾľ߼ַˡ
ǸĴУУǬԪõ˸ĴУڿǴŲ٣
˾һ˵
˶ˣǬԪڶ֮ϵõ˸ĴţһθӾϢ뺣ȫ˺˫չʬҰ
巽治֣Ӹǲֻδҵ
һΣҲʧأڶ֮еĸ𣬸ʤ
ϣǬԪһεĶ֮УȻдǬԪõ˸ĴУȴҲûô˵עˡ
ڣһвű˴ӼĽ﷭ˣȻôһ顣
âɳգȻɲΣ֮䣬ͬĲѹһС
ƷЦһһǬԪ˵ˣʩչ㣬˵ʲô
Ʒ˵ʱʱ죬ȫĹâһ㣬ɢӨı⣬·Լһͨķһһ֮ɲǼ䣬ֱӺɨȥ
Ʒٶ̫ˣֱײָȭɲǼ䣬һȭȭֱӻ˰ǿޱȵoǰ˲趯֮磬Ҫһķ顣
һȭӭǷĽâϣһȭͽǧɳĽâķ飬ȭȥƲûܹ赲
һɲǼ䣬ѹһУһС
䣡
ȭɢ̨ռ䶼ھҵĶ
ǬԪֱӺ˳ȥѪ˲ſǬԪǰ֪ʲôʱѾһɫףڽɫ֮ϣȻһ޴ޱȵȭӡǱƷĿֲӡǡ
ƷһȭĿֲ֪жôľˡ
һȭȻܹ׵ǬԪĵѪǺηʲôʣ
һŵ̫ϳϲɵøп˵
ʮֺȻƷƺǬԪȼ磬ռϷ硣
ʲôЦ˶ˣҪ֪ڴ֮ǰ˶ûȻôؽ
Ʒб
ĿʵףҲ˵ǿţȷʵʵ
һֱ˳Ʒ׾ٵնɱ˻̤֮󣬴󲿷˻ǾãƷʵӦǬԪġ
Ҳܹȼ磬ǾѾʮ˲ˣ
ȻڣƷȴһʵǣǸˣƷʵȷʵǬԪ֮ϣĻȫ㹻ĵġ
ЩǬԪ֧߸ɫ䣬ǴδǬԪ֮ͬǱǰǬԪ˽֣˵õҲܹǬԪ֧в·磬ǱѾһΨܹٮٮˡ
ǬԪ·磬ֵͬĽ֮Уǰδе顣
ǬԪҵĲôƷһȭǬԪȴûгʤ׷Ǹֶ


1970 콾һˣ
Ʒ߸ڳ֮ϣ·ϵŵϵһ㡣
ǬԪ׶һͷ˵һ¶˼׺ݵ飬½ǲȥǵѪĶס˳Ʒ
ʱƷʵ̫ˣ
ͬ߸ϵڸһֻϣҲӵйģ̫񱳺ˡ
оޱȵգ
ʱ͸ʲôʱ򣬱Ҳܹ͸ˡ
Ʒûгʤ׷һ裬ΪԼʵоԵţԲŲмڸһ׷ɱΪûбҪ
ƷûˣСң
ʱǬԪ˲һӱˣΪ콾׵Ľһӱˡ
˽һ
ǬԪ˺ƻһڳ˳ȥݺᣬâ֮ϣзƣǹϵĽԻڽ
дźƵâƺƵֱɱ˳Ʒ
˵ˣûþûã
ƷЦһһĨЦһȪ̤
һâնʱ򣬳Ʒһ
䣡
ضΪ֮һܹضնĽȴ·һֹͣһ㣬סˣһɿֲӳƷĽŵȪˮϯ
ÿµĲʲôͨȻô£
ɻʵƷʩչĲ书ֺͨһӹɣֻһȻֱסһ˵Ľ
䣡
һ޴ĺƷſµĽ̤˵ڶһӾˣͬƽըһһ඼Ҫ̤ķĸо
һŲ̤֮У̤ǵͷһ
һѾסһ˵ڶ˷ǬԪ˽һնĽȻˣƵĺˡ
䣡
̤֮˷ųƷ̤һһ춯صĽȻƣͬ֩һ㣬˲ͱ鲼˽Ľ⵽ػһ㡣
䣡
Ĳ̤·ܹ񷶼նĽֱӱɢ˿Ĺɢȥ
У¶ǬԪΡ
ۣ
ǬԪһѪ˳˵˳ȥػ˷֣ղ˽һĽĽɫ֮ϣȻ鲼ơ
ֲĳ˵
Ȫ̤˵ӦоŲǬԪֻƳ˳ƷĲѾֲסˣ˫Ĳôô
𾪣
ǶǸи֣ޱǿĴڣ֮УܹжϳܶϢȻǸӵĺȻ
ŲĲǳƷֻʩչĲѣѾǬԪƵϣһȫʩչǵöôˡ
ǬԪõ궫һָĴУ˾ˣڶ̶ʱ֮ھͽĴɹνˣ콾һ顣𾪵ĻǳƷƷҲ֪ʲôͷҲй˵ĻѧͨѧģԱ𸲺Ӿˣ
ޱȺȻһǰıɽһǣƲ֮ܶǰȫ֪顣
㹻ǳ׵׵Ʒ֮ǰжϣ֮ǰжϣǴлԴӦǬԪȫռϷ磬ڿȴȫˣڴһϣƷȫѹǬԪ
֣׵߸˺ܶ˵жϣҲжʤҲɵƫڳƷǬԪ
µǣǬԪչֳ컯۷Ϊʱ򣬳Ʒ࣬Ȼ⻹ԶԶǳƷʵޡ
˴ʱˣΪʲôƷ֮ǰ׾ٵĽǸ컯صĳħ̫ϳ˺ˡ
˫ͲͬһϵĴڣ
Ǹħڵ̫ϳϸ֪ʱףһѾǿᵽʲôزʣ˶򲻹˵ǺǬԪƷˡ
˸ʶһӿֲʵ
һս˵֮սܹϵ콾׵ı仯ʮδй仯콾ҲҪ״ˣ
뵽˵ĸǾһ񣬷׷׿˳С
һԣ֮УһֱޱĳһĻڲ¶˼ζЦݡ
Ȫ̤㻹ǵõ˲õĴУ
뵽ʲôһ漴ָֻ˹ž޲ģƺΪ˾˵ʵ
콾һˣƷֶЦһ˵Ҳ֪ĶҾʱնͬһֻϰˣ


1971 һ
һﾪ죡
ƷĻɵ÷׷ײĿ
ǺεȾ˵źͰ
ǳƷʱǬԪὫǬԪ
ڴ֮ǰ¸˽ϣֻóƷʧķˡ
ǬԪʲôˣռһһʮʱ䣬δԤ¶֮һ
ͬ˱˵ʱǬԪʱǬԪҪһЩǻǱǬԪ׷
ɴ˿ɼǬԪ츳ȷʵͬѰº
ǬԪƷʱֻδһ࣬ȴʵ׵׽ǬԪ׷Ϲȥ
츳ʵҲƿԣ
ֻ˺Ȼǣ߸ϵ̬ĶȻ˾ü߲ʵǬԪ
ң
ǬԪ˫׺ݣһͷ˵ĻĹޣˣˡ
ǬԪϾȻʼȼһɻȼգеĺǻһ㣬˵ҲԭĽ׶࣬гƷߴ
ҵĻƳĿģڵģûܹҵĻ֮´ǬԪ˻ţֱ͸ʡ
ûĻ֮´ó˻Ҳ˴ǱӴܣƷЦһǬԪĻԡ
ǬԪһ˵Ǹ˴ͬһɥ֮ȮʱܵĿ죬޵ĴڣѾˡ
һ˲䣬ǬԪ۾ҧŭһȥ
ʱǬԪһһȭ޾Ļ汬˳˲γ˻𺣣ųƷϯ˹
𣡡
Ʒݲȣһż̤ȥݻӿĻȪˮ˲ͽ𺣸Ӱˡ
죡
ǬԪһгһɫĹŽâֱ˳գһɨâ᳤գˣֻ˲Ǻˮǻ档
ƷҲòϣǬԪȷʵţǶ̶ʱ䣬ͽĸĻΪһ壬˽Ȼͬѧ
컯أ
˾һǬԪѹƻ֮սȻٶһΣ컯۷컯ء
ʵƲ˼飡
һ֮УǺɨ˵콾֮ϵ콾ûһܹ֮Ტ۵Ĵڡ
˵ԶԶԽ˵Ĵڣ
Ϊ֮𾪵ǣǱʵǬԪȻƷĽ֮·硣
ֲֿĳ棬۶Ҫˣ
սһʼ˾ͷ֣ƷȫȫռϷ磬ǬԪڳƷ֪࣬ǳƷƺǬԪͷβս
˵˼Ҳ΢ſһ£ּΪһսʵݲ˿ķɣΪһսһ˶֪Ѿ˹ؼʱҪδ˭콾һһս
е˼ʩչ˻֮󣬲ʸҾмȤ
ƷЦһ
䣡
˫ֱײһʩչ˻ǬԪƷȻ޾壬дſµϢ̫޸һлһ䣬Ѿ뵽һâ֮С
䣡
һâֱն䵽˳Ʒϣ˵ʱʱ죬Ʒ˲䶯ˣ˫͵һ˺˳˫ϱһĹâ
ƣ
һ˲䣬Ȼâ˺˷飬ʱĳƷΪµޣ֮ǿᣬͿԺɨء

ʱǬԪѾû˼ȥпƷǿƣȫͶս֮УһΣоһּΣյĸо
֮ǰδйģܹв
һ֮У޵Уǽ񻰱ˣѾλɱƷֻǽĿŵ͵Ʒֲܡ
̬ϵı仯ǲ֪ģԼûвһж˵Ȼ
һ𣬳ųƷնɱ˹ȥ
죬ʣ˵ɫȻˣȻ콾ϣǴʱǬԪǳƷչֳʵѾһΡ
뵽˵鶼ûа취άֵȻ飬𾪵ʱȴƷһӡ˳ֱӽ⽣ķ飬ԸٶȳǬԪ
أ
Ʒʵ죬ɲǼ䣬ѾǬԪǰһͬˮһ㣬һɽӡݻһɽһɽѸײڶ֮ƵǬԪؿڡ
ۣ
ǬԪһҽУ͵һӱ˳ȥݺ䵽̨֮ϡ


1972 Ͼ·
ǬԪֱӺ˳ȥ·ҵļּ˲סˡ
ڵһվҲסˣʱǶǬԪҲˣƷʵǬԪ֮ϡ
ԭĵȻҲάֲסˡ
ʱ򣬻ǬԪʵ޵Ум콾ǳǰĸ֣Ҳ΢ܹһЩ鷳ѣԶǬԪв
˭룬ճһӦѾȥ˵ĳƷǬԪ˾޴вǬԪѹΪĻȻǳƷĶ֡
ǵ֮𾪵飬ѾԶԶǵԤ֮ˣǿǸܵ顣
ǳƷˣǸסˣ
˴ҪָԤս˵ҲǺ飬ֻɵӲŻʲôĹƽ
ȻסˣԭղǼƻصķһ̫ϳϵ³ǶѾˡ
ֱҲ̶ãֻǼ򵥵һѣǼһ̫ϳֱӾͱˡ
ҲȷˣУǴĻҵһ֣Ȼ֪Ǽ٣룬ʵƥеģӹ֮¡
ЩˣڳԼҲûʲôֱɣ
֮н˵һС
ǷҪʲôҪҳ˺ôϽסƷʱҵһ̫ϳϿڵ
Ǻǣ
Դˣڵֻ֣Ȼʮ֮УʵֻͨҲֻǺʮȣȻǾңھеλٹ̣Ҫͷȣȴ֮Ĳࡣ
ҵ̫ϳҲʶ˲ԣղҲ̫ż˶ѣŻ˵ĻʵǱƷƵ˾·
Ҳ̨ռ֮еսŵˣƷʵ̫ǿѹס˳ƷʤѾʼк
ˣƷЦһƲȻֱ׷ɱ˹ȥֱһ͵ؼ̤ȥ
Ȫ̤
ƷĽ˻Ȫˮ֮أѹա
ʱǬԪͷĿѣ֮Уһһıƴ֮УƷѹסˣɲ׾ٵķ
ƴˣƷңôף
һ˲䣬ǬԪ϶һö˵ĵҩ͵һ˶֮УʱǱƷش̾ͺöˡ
ҲʥƷݣҲûа취ø࣬ǱƷƵϣҲʹó
˵ʱʱ죬ǬԪŭһ˫ֳ죬ȻҪסƷһֻš
䣡
ǿֲײǬԪϵĻ涼̤ıѿ¶ıģʱǬԪȫȻѪȫµƤ˿Ѫб˳

ǬԪŭһµֱ̨ӿѳ󶴣ܲסƷһŵĿֲ
ˢ
һ˲䣬ǬԪʧԭأƷһֱӼ̨̤֮ϣȻ̨֮ϸ̤һ޴ޱȵĴ󶴡
̶
ƷĮĿǬԪ֮ޱȵı䡣
ǬԪһ٣ϴŴ㱻Ʒһż̤ϵҲһӾ˵ٶȺתһöʥƷĵҩˡ
ƷɱңôܣҾҪҵϣ˵ĶԹʱһ˶ˣ
ǬԪһ֮ץһöɫĵҩ˿Уһ˲䣬һöɫĵҩһɢǬԪ֮еÿһϸ֮С
䣡
ǬԪڵˣԭʩչ˻֮󣬾ѾԽ컯۷壬Ȼﵽ컯صĵزʵȻֱӱƽ컯۷塣
ÿʱÿ̶ӣ
ƷһöҩҪʮԭҲûһóڣʮҲֵˣ
ǬԪŭһ
죬ʻڳһ֮Ϊߵĸ֣׷ɫΪ֮һ䣬ΪǵǬԪ࣬ҲΪˣԸףǵ˼Σյ£ǲ׵ĶԼġ
ûа취ֲ£ھԼǱԼûа취ﵽԭԴﵽ۷塣
콾һǬԪȻƵϣƷʵֱ
ʮꣿΪ㻹ʮʱ䣿ƷЦһ
ǬԪŭһһгն˳ȥâ죬ղǿһֹ
䣡
âųƷݺ


1973 ǬԪ
ȫıˣȫʩչڴ㣬ҲӦ޺˰ɣ
ʵǵǬԪƷǲŲæֱһ˳ȥ
һֻӨذ׵ƣһֱĵ˽֮ϡ
¡
ϯĻ𺣺ͰϷڵ֮ʱ۵һҲײһ𣬼ضıˡ
֮ǰȣ˫սˣǿ
ǿľµһ˵˰ɣ˭ʤ˭ʣ˵ʵԱҪǿһΣ
˶ɵõһĶԾֲ̫
˵ײĺֲֿĺֺϵһ㣬κһԶЩ콾ܹᲢ۵ġ
ⲻ콾һ֮ս˵֮ս˵ĶԹҲ
úܶ˳Ծǣ̶ȵǬԪƷȻܹϣȫȫһ׾٣ģ
ǬԪҲˣôطеҩıҲƷƾʲô
ѹָղųƷѹһ콾ǷͲһģҲǬԪܹУҲһѣ
ʱЩһĸǣҲֻܳϣǺѾ˲࣬ܿһӶûа취׷ϵϵģҲΪˣԵóƷĿ¡
սڳУƷذ׵һƽâĵķ飬ȥƲһ޴ޱȵ̣ǬԪȥ
һ£ܹ
ǬԪĽ߾ȫȣƷĶô࣬·һеһжƿ֮УʱʩչͨʱʩչѧܶʱѹֻһĪͱƵǬԪòȫӦ
˫ǿһĿȻʵϱǬԪڳƷ˵Ȼʲô
ǬԪɫ䣬Լ̶ȣȻǳƷĶֱ֣תٺˣһ˲䣬ܿ˳Ʒµһơ
¡
̨ռ֮е̨ڳƷһ֮£ĳ˷顣
˲ɵúȻ̨ռ̨ʾͷǳļ̣˵ӹ˲Ľ磬ڱһĵķ顣
ƷսҲδ̫ˣ
ǬԪͫײɵ΢΢һĻʣҲǽסˣղŲļʱĻֱ롣
ޱȵһɲǼ䣬ѾųƷٶһնȥ
¡
񷶼иѵĺۼ̨ռ䶼Ҫɢļ˵ʵ̫ǿˣѾ̨ռƵʱܹܵļޣԳƷһƿԽ̨ĳɷ飬ǬԪһȻ񷶼иһѷ졣
ˢ
ǬԪٶȿٶޱȣͬһŻһ㣬ɲǼ䣬Ѿ˳ƷĺֱһųƷն
һǰһ˶ԳƷİ
Ʒη壬ֱһ䣬ȻĽɨ˻ҽǬԪʵȻѾ˱ﵽǿԺͳƷеĵز
ǲϾвģ
ಢδõ
Ʒֱָۣȭһȭ
أ
һȭֱӺ˲񷣬֮˺ѳһ޴ޱȵѷ죬Ȼ͵һӺǬԪߡ
ǬԪʧɫһӾ˷ӦһӳΧȥ
ǬԪٶȳֵʱѾھƷǧ׵ĵطǴʱѾǳãİȻˡ
֮ޱȾ飬Ҫ֪ղոն㿪Ĺ¾군ˡ
⻹ãûбֱӴУ
ƷһȭУͲǰѣըѿǾĺصˡ
ûƷЦһЦһ˲䣬ѾǬԪǰٶȿ쵽ǬԪӦĵزϵɣƮƮ˫ֺƺ֮¼ˡ
һ˲䣬ƷѾɨǼ򵥵һȭֱӽٶȺ顣
ǬԪʱҲûκΰ취ֻܴһƴˣ
ǬԪ˫赲Լǰ۳ǧ磬ǧҲֻһ˲ͱƷƬ
һȭǬԪķ֮󣬳ƷȥƲֱһӺ䵽ǬԪؿڡ
أ
ǬԪؿֱӰȥ˲䵹˳ȥػ
ǬԪһΣҵҪûܹȵ㣡
ƷȵֻǬԪܹõ
㡭ǬԪ۾ʲôһҪƳƷݣȴһֱԴɳȥ


1974 ʾһɱ
ǬԪ
Դ˳ȥ䵽һԣ
ǬԪ˫ɵɵϴ󣬴Լһֱû뵽ƷһֱҪɱǸһ
ǸնɱһΣ˼·ˣȻǳƷ
ãһޣֻѾ˳Ʒˡ
ֻɹܶˣһֱûлɹǳƷΪƷӡѾȥʱˡ
˭ỳһأ
˼άä
ûǿǳƷ
ۣӡУƷʵһֱԶԶ֮ԻоƷĸ󻼣ΪƷĳɳٶов
ǬԪƷӵĳɳٶȣһо֡
ȻҲͽ˶ѣڳƷܷԽԼǸܵ飬֮ͬУĸ֡
ȻܵĴڣȴΪʵ
ƷǸ涪ʧصף
ɵͷ­ûȫʧȥʶǸƳƷݵûˡ
˶סˣž
ȻǬԪѾȫ·磬˭Ҳû뵽ƺһЩֿ֮ǬԪͶĻᶼûиǬԪ
ӦðôǬԪҲͶĻᶼûа
˲˼˵
ϵˣƷһ壬һһΪԼԱ˵Ŀޱȣ֮ѹ֡
Ҳǲ뵽һ㣬ƷĶȻҲǸող˳Ʒ֮ԼηŹǬԪԭ
ǰ㣬ֻΪǬԪ
ǬԪֲɵƷһʼչֳΪôǬԪѡǴʵ顣
ϾǬԪȻԸµһȴҲΪ޵УĻǬԪˣ˵ǰڣкܶǬԪҺͱ̫һϵ˶ﲻľͷ˵߸ϵĴ
ǳƷȴһһĽ嵱УڿԳʤ׷·ŹӱΪǬԪǿ״̬֮µǬԪ
Ȼʵأ¾ΪһǬԪ
һһǬԪΪԼϣʤҲԱ֮սܣҲԼʱ˳
ȻǬԪ˵ǰδеĴܣûܹͬܣܹ֮ȼĶûС
ˣνһ޴ĴٴĴҲùƷնɱҪǿ
һƷ
ڣҲֻԱߵϪˣϪ϶ɵִ㵵飬Ϊǵãôĸء
Ҫ֪һ콾лҵһֵĳƺţ۹⼫ߣ˵ôܹ˳۾
ʱʾϪҲڷӦƷԤıֻǴǬԪô򵥣ҪնɱǬԪ
ŵǬԪߣ
ٵ֮ϣеĹؾǳµĹأκ˶øı䡣
ȻҲΪˣ˶ҪصķΧ֮£عصѾˡ
Ʒܺõأ
ǬԪΪ̫һϵĶʱضҪŴĸ֣ڻ˸һһǿΪҪֹͻȻ¶֡
ƷûжΪ֣ҲΪ̫һϵ˺Ĵ̫
ƷҪɱǬԪΨԼ֣ΨһֶȥһС
ˣһǬԪأ
ʱϪЩŲɵõһΪ֮ǰ˵ж϶ˣһʼʱ˶ǬԪǿʤҪǣ˶ΪƷͷβѹǬԪ
˭뵽ʵǳƷʾ
ʾ֮ģ⻰һս֮ϣȻ֣ȴȫȫûдġ
Ҳܿ뵽һ㣬ҲеĹؽںܿҲˣɵķ׷׵һ
Ʒ˫ʵгǸգ˲µġ
ҪôǳƷһʼ֣ҲԽǬԪɱˣ˲˵ǿƷʵԱ֮ǬԪҲӵѹԵƣ׾ٵնɱǬԪǴʵ顣
ˣȴûʮʮİգһǬԪߣ̽ǬԪǷеһʾ֮ȷǬԪ޷֮һúֶΣ


1975 ˣ籩
˴ʱˣղǾʾ׵ĴսڳƷͲսֻǬԪʧȥǣͬʱҲ̽ǬԪжٵƶѡ
ĻƷӵеʵ𾪣
еһжƵˡ
ĵ˲µģ
ö𣬲ŻѾ˼ҪŪǬԪ
˸п˵Ҳ͵һӲŷˣǬԪ֮ǰƷնɱȫͬ
Ʒͷ·Ǹ߸ϵЩս߸ûб˭
ǲģƷҲûȤϾɱ̤ͬ죬֮Ĳͬ־Ľ
ΨǬԪͬڳƷʵԶǬԪ֮ϣжǬԪɱѾĻ뷽跨ʾҲҪնɱǬԪ
ֱǬԪΪɱ֮ˡ
ڳĶѰˣ˵ϲܿǾ뵽˳ƷǬԪ֮ĶԹǬԪεԳƷ
Ҳ㲻ʲôܣֻûֱӹ֮ڶѣǸ֪˻֪
˵̺ԳƷóƷⱳǬԪӰӣǵ̫ξŭǣǬԪ
̫ӳ棬ֻǬԪӱǣˡ
뵽ҲȻˣ
ǬԪǿʱҲ뷽跨ҪɵƷΪƷʵͷŹ
ڣ֮ҲƷռϷ磬ȻҪ뷽跨ĲǬԪ
ᣬ໤ߵı֮еǬԪ֪òп䵥пܱƷᣬʣõʱ
ƷһѭѭյһǬԪ֮Уһɱ
ı㣬˵
Ҳɻ󣬳ƷΪʲô˽ֱӦеĽ
Ʒǰ˵ǬԪȷٸû֮һ
ǰУӶǰʹɱ֣ΪǬԪĹϵ˶ٴΣҲֻԼ
ڽǬԪնɱĸϣٸ
ȻѾ˰иɵǬԪõĻᣬĿ֮£ǬԪնɱǴĻʳҲ׷Ρ
̨Զǩ״
Ȼְ֮еֶֻ²٣˵νֻҪµʲôء
ʱҲ۷׷ףʵϣѾ˳Ʒ˼ϾʵͬǺʣǵһˣƷ˼ҲѲ£³Ҳ
ȷʵǳƷһһǬԪ֮УȻһɱġ
ֻû֪ƷΪôСİˣ
ԭֻгƷ֪ƷйǬԪնɱĻᣬȴƭ˳Ʒ졣
ԳƷһֱ̽ǬԪĵơ
Ȼ֪޷ǳǬԪӵеڶĸʲߣǳƷҲҶģΪ֪Ƕ֮ڣܹɱǬԪΨһһλᡣ
òСǰĺûᲢ࣡
һֱȷǬԪӦûеڶˣȻ֣һ
ǬԪҲû뵽ڳƷϣȻ
ϴζ֮սǬԪʵ˲СǳƷӾˣϴͷβսĽ඼ƿ֮С
СģΪǬԪҪǿ̫࣬ΪǬԪ̫Σգ̫һϵĴˣ䱳߱ƷҲҪΪ֮Ŀ
ֻҪ£ƷûȤǵ鷳ǬԪȴͬƷҪ壬
նɱǬԪֻǸոտʼѣ粨ڲŸոտʼҪ֣
ƷΪ̫ˣնɱǬԪսᣬһϵз粨Ŀʼ
ɱǬԪ湫ӣ̤ڣĸڶ˳ƷϣЩϾưոݡ
ȻƬ̵Ĵַ֮׷һڵվ
Ʒ
Ʒˣ
ɱɱ
ЩҵĸɫˣһԭΪʤս˭֪Ȼݱӵľ档
ϣȻ˳Ʒϣ
Щҵ̫ϳϼҪʹȥˣлǬԪĻˣһɿֲޱȵϢֱס˳Ʒһ컯۷Ŀֲڡ
ҲǬԪĻˣǬԪ֪˶ٴα֣֮˭룬ǬԪƤӵ±ɱˣֱڴĶ⡣
žž죡


1976 ǧָԵ
κһ֮Уÿһﶼлˣֻϣ׿Խͬ˵ŲплΪ䱣ݻ
ڻ˵ǻӼϣǺϢϢأĶַΣʲôҲɣһ콾ʮʱ䣬ֱΪ֡
ܹջ񵽵ĺôȻԶЩΪֵ콾ĸмĻرʤģΪԼԼĺ˴޴ջ
Ϊĳ콾Ļ˶һ£ķʲЩĴѾţΪѾﵽ޵һƴȡĻᡣ
еĸɴֱϵԳΪӵܱݻ
£ڻ˵콾δϣһϣ
֪ǬԪ˵ֱδһնϣеŭ𼸺ɲǼҪ
סˣȻѾǾ֣ǺͳȣȴҲʲô
һĸֻһһˣ˷һĻˣʵ֮¡
Ϊ֮ǰĽѵҲֻĶųƷ޲ýʬΡ
ʲô䲻𣿡ʱ򣬷ڵĸҲ׷վ赲ҵһڸ֮ǰ
Ƿڵ̫ϳϣʱʵȫҵĻ࿹⡣
Ʒ̫޹ɱҵеϯӣҪһܾӾˣ
Ʒ񼫣ﲻˡ书
ҵͷ֮ޣ
ҵĸֵĻЩƷնɱϯӵŵĸҲ׷׽ɲǼ䣬·Եеĸо
ʵǳƷ̫ˣնɱļ㲻ǸŵϯҲǸ֮ٮٮ֮еٮٮߣϯӶˡ
ʣµûеӱƷնɱֻҲ⿴Ʒ
˵ڴ֮ǰƷ֮˵һ׷ߣһڣųƷնɱǬԪ֮󣬳ƷѾʵ¼һĵһˡ
λҲʹս߱˱սߣ
Ҳͳ˵жд̣
ǬԪܵѹʱǵصĳųƷ
һʱ䣬ǧָơ
Ʒȴ·һֻĿƽ֮дżĮֹһվָۣ֮оȻİ
վ۷ʱ򣬾ҪٸǹⲻֻѰѡ
ǵĿģƷҲһ
֮ǧɣ˶һ߳ѵĻᣬһǿռݵԴͶ࣬˵ĻٵĶˣȻȻĵס˵·ȻΪ˵жд̡
ɴ˳˾޴ѹķһвɵÿЦҲû뵽ƷȻܹŪôĶǶ벻ƷȻǬԪնɱˣǺεȾ׵ʵ
Ƿλʮţȱܹλ콾ϵĸ֣Ѿкܶûһܹλ콾һĶˡ
һѾǧǰˣԶڵѾй˻Ի͵ʱ
ֳһƷʵǿȻʮ־ϸЩƷͬ洫Ҳʮֵĸˡ
һ˱ǿһЩܻǵļʣǵһǿֻʱô⼵ҲͻữΪĽ
ƷĲκǲ࣬˵Ʒ𣬺Ƕһߡ
ǳƷվĸ߶̫ߣǲһϵĴڣ˫Ҳ̸ʲôǵƤٺҲ˼˵ԼǳƷľ֡
û˾ϵҲûϸȻƷ̾˳۵Ķˡ
Ҳ֪δĸͷѾһ𣬶ԽǿδҲԽǲһǿķҲҪƷǱɹͷ졣
ʱǶ֪Բ˵ı֮º˰벽Ϊ׵̫ϳϣһλ콾һĵӣڷ˵ζʲô
ҵȫսҲԲǵóѣ
һʱ䣬еնˣţ˫һҪս
ˣȿнأһԴ˳һȣ˶ʱһ飬˲ﻹһѹȫĿֲڣ˵һ֮䡣
һӴѹѹȫͷŵƲƣͳͳʧӰ١
û˸ڵֻֿǷ׷תͷ˳δ£֮£һԿɾ


1977 ҵȿƷ
볤ֹ
˵ǲŶȻʵǾͷѪΣܹһԾĻǳ
֮սȻˣҪ׼֮УˣȻ翣żĮ
ⲻɵ÷ڵĸַ׷¶˷ܵ飬漴Ļ÷ڵ׹ߡ
ңɽ˽ٵѱϣȥԶֻʱ䣡
ĵڶ仰ʱøĸǰһΪҲˣ֮ңɽ֮У㶯֣ƻµĹء
ңɽ֮⣬Ǿûˡ
ֻʱ׼һƷ뿪ңɽ˵֮ô
񳤹֮
˷׷׵ǷڵȻƣҲΥ
ٶ̧ͷʱ򣬲ŷֳѾʧӰˡ
ûиоݹ뿪ĲĪǾǿռתô
Ʒ֮Ѿʧ˵Ӱ˲ͬûЩ飬ֻǸпֶιȻ˵ãѾ˿ռĲΡ
ĿǰƷܽӴĲΡ
ǵĸ֣
ߣǵŰɣ֮󣬾ǳƷڣ
ҵĻĶס˳Ʒ˵
ۣʱ䣬ҿܵĶȥ
ûгıӻһ
ʱ޲ýƷƤĸַ׷Գ޵Ŀ⿴ųƷ޲ýʬΡ
˸硣
ܿ죬Щ˾ͷ׷׷ңɽƬ֮ͲӰǲҲ֪϶ǽңɽذΧ
һ֮ĵزԸ֮пټڱƲЩҲֵÿƷڴˣνǾԵУǧָ
ˣ˶һǳ飬Ĵô²ܹԲ߰˰ˡ
Ǿʹ˷Ʒ򲻿ܵ飡
˵ǴٲʹҲܹóƷδĹؼ²һдҲҪסǬԪ
ֵˡ
֮ǰɲŵ콾ڶʮѣȻͣҲ̸жߣȻҲǽ߾ȫȴҲǶԴƷ㣬˵ǶǳƷܱ˵һë
һֱڣĳ˵Ʒܵ콾ĴпܵĻʮ˸ˣҲԸǬԪ˿Ĳ
ô죬ǳȥ֮󣬿϶ҪңɽҵҪ뿪ֻǲˣ
˿˵¶˼ǵ顣
ʣʱƣֻԽԽ˻õϢǰʱҪ뿪Ǿ͸ˣ
һڵĳ
Ȼھͳȥɣ˿˵ڶԷҵȳȥĻһ
У
ʱΪ׵̫ϳҲɵÿ˵浽ǸزҲֻѡˡ
ɣȻΪʱ򣬵ҵȵʵǻǲ̫Զˣβ°ģҵҲ֪飬ֶû
һϷ㡣
һεķڵŶ֮УһҲֻһ̫ϳϣϣһȺǬ洫ӡ
ݶںܶ˵ѾʮֵǿɨƽһͨţǶЩƻǿ˵ġ
Ǹûκʤ㣡
Ϊ֮ƣΨԮˣ˵ǵֶֻڽ綼ѾˣҵҪϢҲûпܣ
˲ɵð԰ûڣڸղžӦýϢȥĻҲ䵽ĵزˡ
ʵڲеĻҲΨƴһսˣҵƴƷ뿪ȻʱҪҲԸ⣬λܵ˷ڵıӻʱȻҪΪ£ҲҶ˵ʲô̫ϳĿӥѲˡ
ȻмֲԸ⣬Ҳףʱɲǲͬ⣬Ϣȥ֪ĻҲû֮ء
ΪǣſͨĵӣΪ˳ƷΪ˷δϣҲԽǸ
ΪǵļȻܹյرǵѡҲˡ
Ͼ̫ϳ϶վҪƴǻʲô˵ģҲ޷ѡ
λһԣأһԵĳƷͻȻڡ


1978 ҰĳƷ
˷׷Ʒȥ˶¶ģƴҲҪƷ뿪ʱ˶֪Ʒ˵Щʲô
λΪ
Ʒ˵
Ʒⲻµʱ򣬶Է˲Ź㣬ʱΣյʱҵ˲ʲôĶ࣬еǣǷڵδʧãǷڵ̫ϳص˵
ˣԸ⻹ǲԸ⣬˶֪
ͳƷּҰɳĲͬǻ϶ŷڵԴֳ֧ɳġ
ûзڣûǵڣΪǣνǷѾ˼Դƾȡã˹ؼʱҲɲǲ
ֻǰǱΪڣֵҪΪƷˡ
Щ洫ҲֻǳĬ˵̫ϳϵĻҲĬϡ
Ҳ£ȷʵԼĴ㣬ֲ֪ν֪֮ˣʵϣڴ֮ǰҾѾȫ׼ǽңɽΧΧסҲκεңƷֻʮֵ˵
˶ɴ۾Ҫ֪ƷʲôȻô˵
Ʒûн͵Ĵ㣬Ϊǣ˳ƷܣǾеɽͼֻҪɽͼĿռ֮УЩ˽ضΧסҲκβ˳Ʒ
޷ǾǳƷȴùɢȥ˶ѡ
ҲǳƷһŵƣɽͼĿռ䣬̶ѨҲҴһ
ĿǰΪֹֻҪɽͼĿռ֮ڣûܹκε֮ǰǬԪʵ̫ҲǬԪ˶ɽͼռʱĲɽͼռڣǬԪҲûа취
ǵʵµʵʵ֮вʵȴҲѹκһǿߡ
ڵ֮Уûܹ͵ƥеĴڡ
˵ƻɽͼƳˣǸܵ飡
֮ǰϵĴͻϮʱǹ̫ͻȻɽͼռ֮еʱ䶼ûУҲڱı
Щ˵İΧ˵Σأ˵бҪȫݱܷâ
ûɽͼĿռ䣬ƷѾˡ
ȻҲûڵԼΨԼ
ۣҲһ׼û
λİɣ켴ɣ֮󣬾ͼҲõģλţҲԼЦƷ˵
˼Ʒ˵ˣҲˣƷ㽫еܸǡ
Ҳ֪ǣ˳ƷıˣҲȻˣͬǣƷǿҰɳģܹߵһƷıֱּ˶۾
ҲΪʲô̫ϳԼҲҪƷĸԭ
Ҫ˵Ʒû㱣ı£ֻˡ
˶֮䣬Ʒ϶˵ʱ򣬳ƷȻŻˣбضйϡ
Щ洫ҲɵһǱƵ˼£˭ԸȥΪڵ洫ӣǵݵλͬѰδǰ;
ȻˣҵȾ죬²ΪҪʱԽãԷĸľͻԽ࣬Ǹʱɾһûˣ̫ϳϿ˵
Ʒһ̫ϳϣȻƷŶǶԷҪҲʵ⣬ƷҲ΢΢ɵÿ˵л϶γάʳϴ
̫ϳϿ˿Ʒǰĺӣ˵Ϸ죬ûмҺ֮ǰҾŹǷ֮һţһֱԵü˵ˣһֱǸоΪϧۣҪҷ𣡡
Ʒź죬Ȼ̫ͬϳϣǺԾͺ͵ǸȫͬĻڣָͬն
Ҳڵ̫ϳλȨأڴĻʳ֮жǴôǣЩ̫ϳϳ˾ͽټĻƽ϶ײβ
أѰͻƣ½ѰͻƣڴĻʳ֮͢е񣬸вڴĻʳ֮еθ߹٣פĻʳ
̫ϳ֮УƷʵʶҲô˶ѡ
лϹģ
Ʒ˵
лҲӦõģۺӣ˵


1979 ׷
쿴ųƷ֮䣬ƷȻ˼ΪƷֳ㹻츳úѡȫ֧ƷֻһѰ洫ӣǸúôġ
ҲǷǳ飬ƷҲѡ
Ҳĸо˺£ľģȻѾλ̫ϳţν޿ԼҪΪԼȡһͻƵĻᣬΪԼĺȡ㹻ĺô
ֻгƷܹ
ǰ֮ڣֻһңңȣĶֶûУͬǬԪ¼һ֮еĵλһ㡣
Ȼ˲Ը⻹ǲԸ⣬ֻѡԼҪһС
ڣƷˣʣһȫµĻ֮ǰûȾָĻᡣ
ڴ֮ǰƷҰͷ״̬ȻڳƷĳɳ˵ֵһᡣ
ԳƷܹʱرڶԼκӰ죬ΪĳɳҲڡ
ڲΪṩһ̶ȵıӻѡ
£ںƷȻҲͳһģȻ֮ǰƷѾ֯һںֻСС֣СӹҼҶѣһȺ洫Ӷ㲻ϵŵӺ;ӢӰˡ
ƷֻѰ洫ӣҲ͹ˣ񣬳Ʒֳ츳ˣδضҪõڵȨҲõԴҪ
£ݵİ׸ͲˣƷȻҲҪԳź̫ϳŵ֧֣Ǭ洫ӵ֧֡
ΨγƲпɿ⣬ܹĵλ
עõĻᣬѩ̿ĸһȻҲ̸ѩ̿Ҳùȥ£ɵֽ
Ǻ죬мϣЩǬ洫ӣҲһ˲һ㡣
ʱոĳƷʸ֮˻࣬ϴȻõʱ򣬿ռλá
ȻƷһ𣬵ʱ׷߱˵ڷڲҪ鲼Ļʳⶼиǰ׷档
ǬԪӵʲôƺʢڳƷܹӵʲôƺʢ
뵽˿Ʒ֮оͲɵĻȵĶˣʣƷδϣ
ҪΪЩ洫ӣϣ̫ϳһˣһǲʳ˼̻
෴ģҲԼ̺Լֻһ˸ûпǵˡ
ȻһлҪƷܹӴΧ֮д֮󣬲пˡ
ƷҲ˺컰֮е˼а⣬ʱոȻһپͻɱǬԪдµľƣ˵ףĸ̫ǳˣҲǬԪôһȻΪĿҪġ
Щ׺׷ߣ඼ǴСѡγרΪǬԪġ
ûֻһȺ·ҵ׷ˡ
Ҳ˵뷨ҪλλãһгһճƷ˷λã˶ǴĹǣδﲻڻ¡
ȻƷ־ڴˣǵıȻףȴͬƷȻͬҲȥ˵뷨
㲻뵱ڵһʵǿ׷ߣҲðĶˡ
Σλһ꣬Ʒˣպһصڣӭλ߶߶Ʒ
϶¶ϲ飬ƷѾɿڣҪļ׷ˣʣǽǵһ
ƷûеõڵĴ࣬ѾΪµһҪٵõ˷ڵԴӳɣδöǿɣ˼ֱ롣
δǰ;ûиˡ

ĵ˵ͷȻˣǾͲˣҵ취ܲţܹϣҲͲ㷸һˣ
컹ǲԸóƷվܹϷڣôһеҲ͵õ
Ҳ׷׵ͷ漴ںĴ֮£뿪ǰңɽΪ׼µס
ƷҪ뿪أڴʱߵŮϪ̤ƷǰƷ
Ϫ֪סңΪ£ƷЦЦ˵
һݶǹ俤ģϪ
˼꣡
ƷҲûн飬ϪнӹһС


1980 ͻƣ컯
ƷУ֮бΨһδˮ״壬ԼĪĴָС㱻ӡţƷǴһδɫ֮ϣо˿˿Ũ֮
ǣľ֮Ʒʱǰһеʵļ䣬Ʒһߵĸ¼ʲôܹù۾
ۣľ֮ǵʵӵеľ֮Ҳ࣬ľ֮Ϊľ֮ڼΪ²пܵĶ
ľ֮ǳֻһξͿΪٶʮ꣬ⲻֻľ֮еһܰˡ
ľܹ֮ǿ˵飬̥ǵɱ䣬һи̷һľ֮ĺӣľ֮壬Ҳǿȷʼģľܹ֮Ϳȷʵľ֮塣
Ƕ߰˵ҲԼǿ֮ƾʮĹ
Щ콾˵ҲΪܹڼ̵ʱڣһ·ͬһĹؼڣЩƽѰ˸ĶԴ
Ӻ۹⣡
Ϫ¶˼Ȼ飬Ҳû뵽ƷȻܹϵóľ֮Ҫֶ֪Դû˵
Ȿ³һã俤õģ俤һֱûãӣϣܹ׿µһƬ⣡Ϫ
ƷսеУȻϪר˵Ҳд⡣
Ҳûн飬Ժκ˽飬ûбҪ˼飬Ҳô
鷳Ϫˣ鷳Ҵһ仰ӭȢƷ
ˣһὫģϪ˵ڿеĽҪͷܳأԹӵĹģҵūҲǿģ
ţ
Ϫ֮󣬳ƷһŮĴ֮£ңɽд齵һլԺ֮С
լԺ֮󣬳ƷһʱֱӿɽͼĿռ֮УȻƷȲĴС
ֱƿľ֮ϵķӡ
Ʒſڽһľ֮С
ʱƷоһӴӿ֫ٺ֮УǺַĵҩȫͬůģʮֵͣûһ˿һŰ֮
ƷܹоԼ֮ǰΪ˶Կһصĸȼ˵ȻõһһĲ䡣
Ҫ֪ȼΪǿ󣬵ͬģҲ߱ʮ־˵˺ƻִָȴǻһֱڡ
һ£û˻ʹ˵ʽҲǳƷƵǽ֮ϣòˣʹʽ
Ʒһ˲ͬǣеʵļ䣬Ժ֮ĵһЩҩֲִˡ
ĻƷҲʹãΪÿһʹö˸޷ﵽԼӦܹﵽ۷塣
ľ֮ڲϵ޲Ʒ˵꣬Ʒ˵ҩҲûа취Ƶĵط
޸ЩƳƷܹԸо֮еѾûˣԼǧ¥ȴ󹦿һˡ
֮⣬ƷòԭѾʮˣľ֮֮£Ȼ˼꣬ʮһ㡣
õ˼Ļָƾʮ
⻹ǳƷᣬˣ˶±ˣ˱ˣı仯Ŵ󣬲㹻𺳡
ӣһ˵ǺεȵҪҲӹɵģû㹻ʱ䣬ǾҲе¡
˵ǴﵽߵĿ꣬ѳȥӡ
̫ʱԶʱйʱȵȣǿǰ̵𣬲֪ճپž֮
ȴûһܹ֮Ľޣӡ
ҲΪʲô֮ƴսԵˣΪΨһһѵϣˣûˡ
˭룬Ȼ֮ĳƷ
֮⣬ƷľĹһһ
ΪĵزͬǺ嫴һ㣬һ㣬ǳԸ֪
ľ֮ϵڳƷ֮תһ֣ͻһɹɵ˹
һݹϵƬ֮䣬ͽƷƵ컯һ۷壬ȻһӾ˵ٶȼƶȥ
֮ͬǰƷͻƵʱ򣬼ÿһζҪƴȫܹͻƣͬ˳ˮۣˮһ㣬ƷĹôƽĳ֮У˳ɳͻˡ
컯أ


1981 
ôͻˣƷɵ۾ĺüһ㣬˵ԴͻƵΪɵһΡ
ÿһεͻƣǼѪʷÿһεͻƶûô򵥡
ΪѾͬĥһ׼˺ܾãҪͻƣȻҪĹ
Ȼȴͬˣûʲôоģǰ컯صľϾʧӰ٣׾ٵͻơ
治ľ֮
ƷȻ֪ľ֮ĹЧ⻹һʹľ֮ԴЧֱõ
ûʲôѶȾʹ컯һ۷ͻƵ컯أ̸ʲô⡣
ǰδе飡
ͬʱҲ֤ľ֮
ľֻ֮ڼ˵Ļ֮²пΨľΪʢĵطֱ֮е֮סپݻпݻľ֮
һľ֮Ǽ۸ȫ޷ģνǼֵǣȻͳƷڵûа취Ტ۵ģϾԴԴϵֵһľܹ֮Ტ۵ġ
ȻϽĺö˼꣬Ҳ֤ȷʵǽ˼굱ǹŵԴϣҪ֪Ƕڳĸ˵һľ֮ȻǷǳôġ
ҲóƷڳĲԼһЩȻǶ˼ȷʵ޻˵ԴҪǮƵָ˼ꡣ
˵ж࿴˼꣬ж಻м֮ǰĳƷΪƷ䲻ԼĵҲпԭġ
Ҳǰˣ񣬼ǳҲòԳƷĿ࿴ҽ֮ǰһĴڡ
ڽƷΪ컯֮ľ֮ҲеһСֶѣȥƣֻò˶ãԽƷΪ뵽컯۷壬컯Ҳֻʱ⡣
һжֻʱ⣡
ƷǡǡΪȱҲʱ䣬ȻΪٶȼ죬쵽ԼܹĸоΪȻҪͻƵ컯ҲҪһµʱпܡ
ٶȻǼ죬ȴϳƷΪ֮Ҫңɽңɽǳ֮أ泤ͣ
׼ȷ˵ӦǻʣʱˣΪһ·һֱͻƵ컯أѵʱҲһ졣
ʣƷʱ䣬Ѿˡ
뵽Ʒüͷ΢Ϳˣ
Ȼ˵ԱݣЩɱҲǸܵģǸƿɽͼķҪãã֮ҵɽͼһ΢ѾǼˡ
ǿɲĿģЩͼΧ³ƷΧնɱѾɱ
ЩƷնɱ֮ˣƷûиǻᣬǶܹͳǣϹϵһɱ˫ۣиǬԪ㴦ĻҪˣƷȻٷŹǡ
һжǾȡˣ
ƷҲûа׵ȣ֮ٶƮȻ˳Ʒ֮ء
һˣ
ҪĶ֪¿룿Ʒǰһ鵭Ȼ˵
˵ͷ˵ҲҪҩģȫˣ
˵ţݹһǬƷҲ飬Ǭɨһ£ʱ¶˼Цݡ
ȻûʳԣҪҩģ
лƷֵл˵
Ц޷ǻݻˣҲǬԪ̫ӸһۣҲֻǾ֮Ͱˣ
żɽ˵ȻЩҩļ۸񲻷ƣƷն̫һ֮õ棬С׼ˡ
ǬԪʵ̫һȻǿģֻ콾ĵһľ콾žΪ̫Ӳ֪Ǳڵ׷ߡ
˵ò˶꣬ǬԪͻΪĸ֮һҲӹɵġ
֪ٻӹҪǬԪ֣ûгɹΨƷִ֮ɣȻˡ
ɱǬԪ͹޹أǾԹˣƷƽ
£ΪãƷڲͽЩʼ֮¸ûȤȻ뱻ǣȥ
Ȼ鷳˹£Ҳûʲô͵ģһı͸£͵ͺˣƷ˵һ֣һļ鸡˰֮У˲û֮С


1982 սһ
ǳƷ۶ļ飬ûԺ֮֮󣬱ʧ١
Ժ֮У֪ľͶһƪɵľ
粽
ԭҲûн粽ϣϾǳĻʳҡ
ȻĻʳʮѹ¼䶦Ȼĸֶ֪ȻԳƵµһģضǴĻʳҡ
ŶһһշչģǴĻʳͬȺ۵ĴڣӴĻʳ֮ս֪ǿУѵһĵͳڻҵı֮ж档
ҲΪʲô֮иʤܹĹĴ󳼣ֵԭ۵̣Ļµһ֮
ĻʮҲôʵʵڴĻʳͳ֮£ѵȫΪʮĹӲ֮ô
ǵȻܣиԵԭ򣬾ǴĻʳҺͳ͢ʵѹһǿС
ļ֮ͥУʲô˲õѧûѧѧЩѧóȥһţ¼˵ᡣ
ѧѧܶ࣬Ҫ֪νѧǶǷĸֿѧѧһţڷʮżȻ֮УԿɿһ֧
һСֱӾ𣬽һ֮С
ѧѪܶ࣬ЩҸָŸǴѧܹõġ
ǵ粽ˣ
Ȼһŷѧһٮٮ֮еٮٮߣ⼶ģܶѧҲǷǺͳƷ粽ȣԲһ֮ϡ
һѧֵ
˵ҲǼ洦ǿƷǻ벻ӣȻһżΪ˵ѧء
ֻ֪֮ǰС˳ƷƷֻԶԶ
̫ˣɵÿ˵
˵ʲôҹ°æڹ˵ֻǾ֮ͣ˵ȴǷǳҪ飡Ʒ˵
룬ȻˣҾȴ֮ˣʱ䲻ˣĸǰԽԽ࣬ʱԽƣʱٵԽǶӣ
޷һȺСѣǱQһʱ䣡
ƷһĨЦݣ֮кⱩ
ȸˣѾȲȥо粽ˣȻֱΪǺʣܹս
ѧֲڲ֮أ
ƷĿ뿪֮󣬱ֱӻصɽͼĿռ֮УóɽӶ֮пʼϱУ
һΣΪѼЩҩģҲΪԼһŵơ
Ʒ´󵨣е֮٣׼ֵĻʱ򣬶
ȻɱˣȻ˺µͷæң
ɷڵĵӳ棬Щֻ²׷ŹǣԸȴ˼άһä
ǾòԾȴҲϾ˭֪ңɽ֮еһλǻҵĳȻӲ
ɱңǾͿûˣ
ƷЦһ
ΪѾ컯أսѰ컯صĸֶĶ֣컯صĸ֣η塣
ҪӲ壬ĺ绯ǶԷ޵Ҳס
Ҫ˳Ҳ⣬ɲҪģȻҪӮǾҪӮĳ׵ףЩ˲ۿ
˶Ŀ࿴
һҪƵһΪСĵҩ컯ĸ֣ҲܹڶʱĹǺתϽȣҩûôıŰ;ˡ
ЧȻҲܺתϽȣĿǰĳƷҲֻҪС㹻ˣתϽ𵤷ùһ֮ٷһҲͲˡ
ǳƷܹƳתϽ𵤣뵽Ҫõҩģ㹻óƷֱӲˣ
ʱգۼţգۼʱȥ֮ϣɾĴ񷣬Х
ڲĿռ֮Уңɽͬ˼ɾŹ˵Ŀ⡣
һΣ֮ĿĶңɽƺʲôһ㡣
أӭ˵ڴһ㣬һӰңɽ֮
Ʒڳˣ
֪˭һʱ˵Ŀⶼ˹ȥ
˶һȴǳƷ˭أ


1983 һ콾콾
Ȼ
ʱ䵽ˣȻˣ
ڵأ
ҿˣڵ˴һͻΧȥˣ
ˣǲҪڽϢȥˣҲˣȵڵĸָѾˣ
ȻҪɱҪУ½̫ˣһڵõϢ»Ժ̵ܶʱ֮ھ͸
޷ʱ乻ˣ
Ʒĳֱ֣ͬǵȼһһ˶һΪ֮ڡ
ֵ죬һ£ڵȵ˳Ʒĳ֡
һĿ⣬һµϢƷ֣ƺֻҪһ仰ҪʬΡ
ҪɱôȻˣΪʲôأƷһЦ˵ǶҾˣ
Ʒ˵űҪߣأڴʱһħЩħı󣬴һǿħޣһɱħͷ
ħڣ
Ʒ۾ϳЩħݣжʮǿĸ֣ÿһ붼컯ϵĴڣƷп컯۷ĸ֡
Ʒߣûôף
Ϊ׵ĳħ̫ϳ˵ɱҳħϯӣҪһһ
ǾҪûˣ
Ʒ˵
ڳħڴ֮һΪֲĵâն
ŵĸ֣Ҳжʮĸ֣һѰ컯ûУȻƷնɱǬԪ飬Ҳ֪˶֪ƷʵǿѰ컯ֻ»治ǳƷĶ֡
ʮŵĸÿһ϶żΪֲĵϢÿһ˶Գһ򣬼ܹѹһ㡣
֮ںַӿһӰЩӰÿһ϶ȫۼ׸ǣΪ׺ᡣ
࣬Ǻеĺ塣
ƷһӦնɱӵ鱩¶ˣ漴һ֪ܣĻͲֻˡ
ӦǺ巽ҲҪһţնɱĻʳῡ塣
ϾĻʳǺ֮Ǻͺ֮ĶԹҲǼġ
콾һĸ֣ضصı֮£弴Ҳлᡣ
˵ֱӱ¶˵ǰǸǴδйˡ
õĻᣬȻ׷Ź
ں֮ԶʮżΪϢӰնЩ˳ÿһȴһ׶ͷ­ǷһĶ֡
Ϊ׵һΪֱ컯۷壬ƷĿ֮гųޣǳƷĻһҲʧôĸ֡
峤̤类ɱЩǰμĶҲնɱһա
ǸҽԼŭйϣֻѡһӣѡƷԸ
ǺôݣΪɱңҲǷѾĻˣ
ƷĿǰЩֻ֣ǰЩ֣Ѿ㹻ֲݣǻһһҲ´ˡ
֮£ʮżȻ˭ֵܹݵΧˡ
Ʒ֣ҲŹϧˣ죬ɣ
أһȴһһ۵Ӵ˳ƷĿ֮гŲƣͬʱ֮дżԸȻ
νµһֻɽϻӳƴˣҲ츳Ĵ棬Ϊֹýˣ
۷׷ףҲ֪˭Ȼ֮
ǲԶô
һϳӵݣ˸һը˹ˡ
ǲһ콾ϵ콾ô˵ȥˣû뵽ȻΪɱһԶѾһˣҿǱɱƷˣ
Զһ콾ϱԺ֮ͷȻû취ǬԪȣʤ¸ǳƷܹᲢ۵ģֻ³Ʒˣ
޵Ȼ޵³Ʒˣ
۷׷ףҲ˵ݹ֮ڡ
ƷǬԪڵһ콾Ȼǵһι콾ʵϣڴ֮ǰйε콾ÿһ콾¼伸еӢܡ
һ콾ȻǬԪͳƷΪ̳ȻʵϣǬԪ֮ǰԶ˵¡
ǬԪ˵˵ĿⶼȥˣŽЩ𽥵ǲЩѾȥ෴ģЩһݷǱУΪɲ⡣
Զһ콾ϲǳ֮ˣһ콾콾˵ɾ߱ѹԵơ


1984 θˣѪɷ¥֮
˵ʹȻҪʱҲ֮أ츳ǿͬǬԪʱԶԶ£ҲԶʵǿ
츳ǿҲֻ츳ѣߵҲûκô
ʣǬԪȣԶ٣ȻǬԪûߵԶȼĳ̶ȱѾˡ
ԶֻĿһ۳ƷƷƺѾǵһĶڡ
ҲֻǬԪ˵ȣƷԶأ
Ʒ츳ҲлɳǸزˡ
ԶҾȻЩаħ֣ѵ³͢ŭô
Ʒ΢΢һ
аħ֣Ҫɱ㣬ʲôϵԶȻ»ƷΪ˭һԶ󽫾Ҳˣ
ΪҳԶȻὫǬԪνԶ󽫾ȻǹپһƷ
ǶĻʳ˵һƷ󽫾ʤձܳټϴĻʳܴҲƽ壬壬壬а˷
˵˴Ļʳľ֮УֻҪԸ⣬дѴѵĻǨǨһƷ󽫾ʲôֵ顣
콾ϲھ֮д콾вٶѾһƷ󽫾ˣǬԪһһ
ƽ˵һƷ󽫾ȷʵλȨأɲʲôֻҪԸ⣬ֻʱ⡣
Ҳǣνͳͳɱͺˣ
ƷЦЦڴĻʳ֮УȻҪ˵ûʲôȫһƬҵĶ֮ˡ
˵ʱʱ죬һֻذ׺ճ֣Ʒ۾ֻвһ׵ľ룬˵ǿߺֻһܽƷԴͱԴ
һзʵ̫ˣҲǺף
Ǿһףذ׾Ҳûа취˿Ϊһֻεץ֮С
УһֱֻԳһӰѾԳΣһѪµӣԭᵽûκθ֮ϣҲ¶˼ֲ˼顣
Ʒôܸ֪Ĵڣ
Ѫɷ¥Ѫɷ¥ɱ֣
˾һѪµӣȴѪɷ¥ɱ˭ء
֮ǰƷɱһѪɷ¥Ľɱ֣Ѫɷ¥ôܷβܣرѪɷ¥·
䣡
һ˲䣬ƷһȭҲκζĶѪɷ¥֮ж컯ɱ־ͱƷһȭ˸Դ
ȻԷҲ컯ĸ֣Ѫɷ¥ĸָóɱ˳Ʒ޸֣ӲӲֱѰ·
һȭͱ˸ԴȫķѶ
̫Ѫɷ¥̶ֳֻȵĽɱôƷЦ˵ӹذףȻ͵سһ˦
ȴһذ׺һڷɵľһ㣬Ȼ񷶼иȴһûзѪɷ¥Ƶذףķ˵ɱ֮С
ͣ
ذ׻Ƴգȴ֮ڲӰİ֮нһԴ˸Դ
һѪµѪɷ¥ɱֻ֣Ȼδü֣ѾƷˡ
ȻʣƷĸ֪ķţܹ׾ٵĽǸ֪
֮ϣ˵ĺɱѪɷ¥Ľɱ֣ȻƷʵʹв࣬ʵײޱȡ
Ѫɷ¥Ľɱ֣Զ컯ĸ֣컯֮еĸ֣ҲᱻԸƷ
ڱ׾ٵĸնɱˡ
ƷЦһθѾˣ棬˭Ҫϣ˵ǣɴһϺˣ
ڳ˵µѪɷ¥ɱûĴڣǶڳƷ˵µľѪɷ¥װŪļһַʼƷϢг̶ԶԶ˵
һһĿռ䲨ĸ֪
£ЩѪɷ¥ɱΪ֪ĽӽʵڳƷͬҹô̽յڿһ
Դ󣬸ϣ
ʱ򣬳ħΪ֮˴һ
ʮħڵĸȳˣÿһ϶ħΣʵϣǳħڴˡ
ħںڿ⣬ǰǷڵĴ󲿷ֵ޷ǰĻϡ
ʮ컯ĸ֣ѾǳħڹսˣͬѰ컯֣ʮħڵĸ֣ÿһ컯ϵĸ֡
Ϊ֮ǰ˳ƷǬԪս˶ѾƷսֻѾԱȼ컯ϵĸ֣仰˵Ѱ컯̫ϳϸκβóƷ
ʮ컯ϵĸѾǳħڶʱܹټȫս


1985 ն
ģŪʹǿʼˣ
˵ʱʱ죬Ʒһ˸䣬ѾЩħڸ֮С
֪ʲôʱ򣬳ƷУȻѾһͨڣ·һѾ޴ޱȵĸֳһľ޽
䣡
޽ն񷶼ھҵ𶯣ǰ棬һħڵĸִһ˳ħһħȼջһħӭһھ޽ϡ

޴ĺըѿ֮
ۡ
ڴһ˲䣬ǸħڵĸֱһѪϸĻͿԿħڵĸסħ˫ֶھҵĲ
㵽ʲôôô£
ħڵĸֲûסĳƷһ롣
֮УȫǲţƷһȻ˫ֳֵûа취⣬ֱһ֮еĹ
ûƷ֣ûа취ףƷжôĿֲġ
޴ħھҵĲأһӣ˾ͿǳħڸеħϾȻѷ죬һһıѿѸײڶ֮Ʊ鲼ȫ
һ˲䣬һħѾ˿ûа취ڻסħڵĸ֡
ųƷµĽâȥƲһӾͽħڵĸն롣
ؽ޷棬ɲ
˸֣ڳƷеģõȫ֣ԳƷʵ׾ٵľѹ컯صĳħڵĸ֡
ħڵĸֵʵδرǬԪ֮ǿǬԪĶ֣ħڵĸء
׶ٵľͱƷһն룬Ȼһؽûɵĸֳߣ̺ĽȴǷ˫
ʵѾ컯أֳָƷսǵõ˽һʲô컯أ컯
컯صĸֶԶһСĶҪһ

Ʒնɱħڵĸ֣ʱЩħڸֵĹߡ
ֹǲҪǮһĳųƷ˹ȥɲǼ䣬Ѿˡ
ɣǷҲҲ޵У
˵
һ˲ֵĻֱӾʹȴƷ˵վԭأղЩκβͷ֮ϣɽӶת˫
ɽӶƷڲ֮أȺʲôģû¹ԶԶԽ컯֮ϵĳ֣ûʲôµġ
ҾͲţܹһֱ
һħڵĸŭһĻ䣬ȴһֻɫؽɨգ˲Ѿ䵽ǰ
ͣ
Ǻһ컯صĳħڵĸֲ˳Ʒϡ
컯ؼĸ֣컯ĸ֮УǶǶ֣ǳ컯֣ڳƷǰȴֻһ⡣
սһ鱨иǿ
ʱһħڵĸǻعˣƷʵƺ鱨˵иǿ
ԭΪ컯صĸֿԿƷеٮٮ߿ԻɱƷ
˭룬ƷһֵסȻƷʵлҪǿһΡ
ټϳƷͷϻɽӶıǵĹκε˳Ʒ£һӾǸо·磬ԭȫͬ
˶٣ʱԳƷʱƺûκô˶෴ΪƣΪƷʱԳǷƽÿһ壬ȴ˶ܹԿ˳Ʒġ
ܸɵ콾һĴڣ
˵Ժ֮жɵðôһͷҲףȻ콾ϵĸ־ҪһЩʵͬ缶Ĵڣһ콾ϳĴڶԿǸĸ֡
ƷǸɵԭ콾һɱ֣ɱ
ֻ֮ǰ˶ɱƷԹһе뷨
컯ĸ֣˲΢侲һЩ
ȻЩħڵĸֽĹ֮Уһħ컯صĸֻּ΢һ£ͱƷץ˻ᣬһȥԴ
ʱƷͬһսɱޣնɱ컯ͬԷˮһļ򵥡
ʱ֮ǰٿ֮ˣҲףȫȫС˳ƷǳħڣС˳ƷĴۣǿ̫ϳϵ
Ҫ֪ڳħ֮УΪܹﵽ컯̫ϳϣȻǷëǵĴڡ
һʧνˡ


1986 ɱ컯ײ
ѵԹôʱħ֮УΪ׵̫ϳɫѿĿ˵
ԭǶͲЩԱԹۣǳħڶնɱƷ
ϾڳƷɱǬԪ֮˳µȡǬԪλã콾һλ֮ϡ
ħܹɱƷǺʣһµĻᡣ
ħźʹĻʳһᶼǲԸģĻʳ򣬵ħŵȴȫͬϣޱߵĻңħҪ죬пɡ
£ҲνĻʳԣΪȻҪʹĻʳԡ
ڲͬЩħͷѾע⵽˳ƷöԸȻϣʧԼеĻǳɹնɱ˳ƷҲʧء
Ҫ֪ڳĻʳӪĸֿв٣˭֪ǻ᲻һ˳ǣֱӽЩ񼫵ħͷɵĻʳĳ͢
׼ȷ˵ǿ϶ôģ
ȻۼŲ׾ٵĻɱƷЩħͷɲɵˡ
ĸȻǳųƷģǱ˴֮䶼Ļ̥˴˵жԡ
֮ǰȿֺҪԸƷȴ±Ʒԣʧء
Ҳ֪ԼȥֻóƷˡ
໥һۣͬʱ˾ʼųƷΧ
һϣҾͲţͷǸ޵У
һһĸִһȷ˹ɲǼ䣬γһſµķ籩ųƷķϯȥ
Ļ䣬ֹͬʱųƷȥֿµĹͬˮһǵض
¡¡
ֲĹһУγһ޴ޱȵĢƣڶ
Ҫ֪Щ֣һ컯ϵĸ֡
ÿһֵһܱһɽͷô๥۵һͳͳը֪жôľˡ
ˣ
˵ɴ۾룬ҪƷ
ĹƷͷϵɽӶǷҲ赲
أһ˲䣬֪ʲôʱ򣬳ƷӰȻᴩ˱ըγɵĢƣɲǼ䣬Ѿ˷һĸֵǰ
ʲôȻû
һĸֶʱʧɫһ׼ûУǱܵģΧγ˲Ľ硣
ЩڵĽնʱ򣬼ֽͬһ㣬׾ٵնĽ硣
ͣ
һĸֵͷ­˲ͱ˳ȥ޴Ļͷֱӱ˳ȥȻ䵽˺С
ߣɱ
һĸͻȻŷֳƷ֪ʲôʱѾǵǰǼûʲôʱ򣬾ֱնɱһͬĸ֡
ǣǷӦƷѾʧӰˣٶȳֵʱѾɱ˺ķ֮С
߽
Ʒ߸ߴһ֮Χ۶߿ڱΧת
ݣ
ݣ
ݣ
Щâմ͸һĹâһӾͺɨգ˲ͺɱ˺ķ֮С
һĸ֮Уһĸࡣ
컯֮⣬ʹĺޣƬŰΧס
һ˵ĽâĹ֮£ɲǼ䣬Ѿм컯ĶֱֱӶ
ʣµЩ޵ʤƬ֮䣬ϰͷ޲
ЩҲû뵽ƷղŻڹһ壬ھͽĿתǵϣʱʧء
һش˺ĸ֮󣬳Ʒͳŵķ֮УһΣǰĻ壬ȻûһסƷǳƷնɱǵʱҲһֽš
ŵĸҲ˷
ڳƷθոոֵʱ򣬾ѾʮڵĵâֱӳųƷն
Ӱ
Ʒһջ˾ŵӰЩâ£׷ն˳ƷӰƷץסһᣬо޴ޱȵĸպնȥ
ɲǼ䣬ͬһĳսŵ컯̫ϳնɱ
Ѫ罦ǵʬ嶼Ʒһָֻץߡ
̶ʱ䣬ЩΧƷĸֶƷͻϮ˼ʱ䣬ж컯ĸ䡣
ıʣԶΧ۵ĸ̽Ӻڰеĸĸָŵˡ
ÿµʵЩɶ컯ϵĸ֣ƽʱһ𣬶飬ڱǸײһ׾ٵնɱһգ̫ˣ


1987 䶯ڣϣ
Ʒ޼ɵ׾ٵնɱЩ컯ĸ֣סˡ
඼ǵõϢĶɢޣڶ֮ϣΪﵽ컯Կɣһ֮档
ĸ֣ڶ֮ϣһͷƽһСĺ䶯
ȴͬײһ¾ࡣ
̫ǿˣǵ콾һķô
֪ΪʲôǬԪˣ˫ֻ»ž޴ʵ࣡
ͬһϵĴڣ
ණɢԭõϢҪˣڿּĴս˶סˣ컯ĸֶǳϦսǵĻ¹ǱսನɨУͻᱻشֱս֮ϡ
ͬʱһߣһͻΧ
ȻҪע˳ƷϣǲſôɵͻΧ
һڵĳϿ˵
ûôʱпϽϢȥŸϽǰ֧ԮĻ¾ˣ̫ϳϣ˵ȥϢһȥæ
̣Ѿ˾֮ûкͳƷͬһͻΧҪͻΧѾͻΧǧЩʱҪ׷־棬Ҳ׷֮ˡ
ڿһǰȥæˣ
Сģ
Ҳûа취˵ʲôϾҲսֵܹģȥҲǳΪ׸ˡ
ڣ𣬷ڵĵӷ׷׷ͷ飬̧ͷȥ֮ϣһݹƿճŷȥ
׷ʲôˣ
˲ԣǵȻףǷ˽µʱ򣬲Żľӣľڷڵʷ֮ҲûΡ
ڿʮ֮УֵڵפأǴĻʳѾˡ
ǲûյٻȻɻȴҲֻܿš
ʱڷ´֮ϣӦ̫ϳϣյٻ׷׸ǻʲô飬˾ͽѾһʱҲͱͣȴ˾ͽΪ¡
λ̫ϳϣϣһνλֻΪһ飬Ǿڳٵ֮ϣҷڵĵӳƷɹɱǬԪѾ콾ϵһĸ֣
˾ͽĲˣֱӿ˵
ƽѾмֽ֮ɫ
ʲôƷɱǬԪ
ҷжûг콾һˣ
ʦǵıӰ
ʱ೤Ϻ̫ϳͬը˹Ϣ˵ʵ̫ˡ
˵Ʒ콾񣬶˵ֻһСϲĻôɱǬԪ콾һǾһľϲˡ
Ҫ֪ǷѾĻȫɣҲλ콾ڶʮѾǼˡ
츳Уʵϣɵ츳Ѿ¼еˣ콾Ͼޱȵļң˵¼伸еſϡ
ܹλеڶʮѾ൱ˡ
ڵһ붼ûһγ콾һѾ֪Ƕǰˣڳʮ֮ߣҲûԵɵġ
ڶȻһӳһ˻ûзӦ
Ʒ˭һ콾ֻˣ
гչصĳϷԼһӾ͸ʱˣȻʶƷʲôˡ
Ʒʱ̫ˣ̵ֻ̫ϳϺͳϲֻǱһιصʱ䣬ͷһѾ츲صĲͬˡ
ȴͼǷںò׳ֵ콾һ꿡֣ڴֽΧңɽ⺣
˾ͽĵͳϤ˶֪ס
д˭ôҪ
ôǬԪҲˣѵұ
̫ϳ϶ɵý˵ʮǿľңңǶڷ˵ʲô
ڷڣв֧
䱳̫ӵӢˣ̫һϵѣһ÷ھʹ˹Ŀ࿴
˭
̫ϳϺͳ϶ŭɶȻףһ콾һţڷ˵ζʲôˡ
ǴԽٴһΣԻĹؼ
ΪǶʮţҲ˵ֻˡ
Ҳǵõ˺̫ϳϵĴŲ֪ھ˭ҪҪǣҪףڵϣƣ˾ͽ˵


1988 䶯ڣ£
գûиʲôķһڵͻȻˣԭ֮и߸ϵ̫ϳǾȻ׷׶ˣṳ̆Ŷݹ´
λڷ֮еĴҲ೤ϵ֮£ˡ
̫ϳ˴֮УƬ֮ٶ̫ϳϷ׷ʧ˴֮С
˾㵵ķ֣Ϊ׵ľȻǵ˾ͽ
׷ʲô̫ϳϣôĸ־Ȼ
Ӳ󣬳ôֲݾҪȥԸ˭
ܿ죬ղ´֮Ҳһ˵ٶȴȥ
ƷնɱǬԪǶ콾һ
ϢĴ˶ЩȻʹֲ
ƷѾˣ
һûзӦǳƷû˵һ֮ͬͬˣ˶֪ͬͬĸ̫ˣǳƷڴ֮ǰѾˣҲ֪֮¡
ڳƷǵţҸϮɱ콾һǬԪ
¶׺Ȼˡ
˭ܹ뵽ԭΪѾȥ˵ĳƷȻǵţ˾֮¡
նɱǬԪǲ֪Ҫ飬ԴǬԪ콾һв֪ٸҪȡȻܹģʮûй
ڣʵǿģϯɣҲ콾ڶʮǬԪȥԶ
ûмĳƷƾʲôܹ
ʣϢ֮ǰڳƷ֪
ȻɱǬԪ
һɽ֮ϣ̤УոյõϢޱȡ
ƷȻûѾõ˴̫ξȷϣһϵĴ¡
Ϊ飬̫ξ֮Уն弸콾Ϊ˵ȷ˳Ʒ̫ξ˶ŭ
ȴϢƷǵûһڳٵ֮ϻɱǬԪ
ոյõϢʱֻһָоĵ
ôܣ
ƷûҲǬԪĶ֣˵ǻɱǬԪˣ
۴ĸǶƷ飡
˲ֻͬǾǬԪĴǶǬԪҲֻһģӰӶѡ
ȴȥսǬԪʱһ٣ȴѾǷڹϵϯӣһ֮У޳ҡ
˵δضӰĻʳĶڵһ
Ȼ紺㣬ȻеĹ°Զ콾֮Ȼֻŵڶʮе֪
ʱǰʶǬԪֻһΣ֪ԼǬԪ֮Ĳࡣ
ǬԪͺ£ʵȴ֮ϣǿһС硣
ȻֻһС磬ƲʲôٶȺܿ׷ƽȥ
ֻԼֻ֪һСĲʹ˺ܶˣڷٽǬԪĽٶȱֻ죬
һСĲܾܿһҲûа취ԽȥĲࡣ
֮ȫĽȫıչؿޣΪľܹԽǬԪ֤ԼʵʲǬԪҪ
ȻȴǬԪѾȥϢг˿տյ֮⣬ޱȺȻ
ǬԪʵʵƼǬԪʵҲͲƲǬԪӵеʵ
ӵֲֿʵǬԪȻ˳Ʒϡ
ϾǬԪľ˵ҪѾˣҪɱ͸ǧˡ
Ļô꣬ǬԪѾˡ
˵ƷʵԶԶǬԪпɱǬԪ
иǲ⣬Ʒôģ
ٶҲ̫˵㣬ԶʵٶҲ˰ɣԶʲô񻰴˵У콵֮ˣһ˶ѡ֮ˣʳڣԶʱѵһĵرǸʱֶԼ
ҲԶʱܹ׾ٵĴڵ˸޷ĳɾ͡
ҲƷնǬԪ𺳵ʱ򣬸Ϣ˳
Ʒڳٵ֮ϣնɱǬԪһնɱ˶ϯӡ
ЩȻưոݣƷΧңɽ⺣
˾ͽڵķڵ̫ϳνô󣬱Ϊ˸ȥˡ
һʱ䣬º䶯ˣƷӦѾȥʱ֮ˣȻˣȻɱ콾һǬԪ
Ʒ֣ٶȳ˲෹Ļ⣬˸ʶˣ콾һڵķ˵ζʲô


1989 һɱĽڽڰ
ڳƷ˷º䶯ʱڶңɽĺ֮ϣпɱ¾ڽеС
Ʒ׾ٵ˵Ĺ֮ɱɱǶ̶̵ʱ֮ڣнʮ컯ĸֲ˳ƷС
ʧκһ֮УԳƵ˽ǡ
ϾЩɶ컯֮еĶ֣ʮ컯֮УҲһܹ컯أ컯ؼĴڡ
ÿһǸ֮жһĴڣһʧŸˡ
ȻɸƽˣȻһʹĸо
Щ첻ɵţֹ˳Ʒٶȡ
Щ֮У컯صĸ֣Ϊ֮˸컯۷弶ĸ֡
ĿǰƷҪԿĴڣǶ֣·ģȻƷͬǻһǶϡ
ר֮еʰǣ
Ȼƾ˭컯صĸ֣Բ㣬֮£컯صĸֶǸ֮еĸ֡
ȻڣƫƫڳƷǰЩַΪǵ㡣
ܿ죬Ƿ֣컯أ컯صĸҲǳƷĶ֡
ȫȫѹơ
컯صĸƷһֵס컯صĸҲͬˣǳƷĶ֡
˸ļӳ֮󣬳Ʒս˲С컯صĸܹ赲һ֮⣬ʣµ˸ͲĶ֡
ֻһˣȻɱˡ
ĳƷѵ΢һսĵӶûôһ۴УǷһѾкü˳Ʒˡ
ʧǷһμսҲйʧ
ſ׾ٵĻɱƷֻҪƷ΢ͣһ£ˡ
ֻҪƷ΢ͣһ£־ܹʱϵȻƫƫƷ֪ǵĴһ㣬û˿ͣ
ʣµЩ컯أ컯صĸָסƷ
΢һ³Ʒʵ֮󣬾ȻѾز
ʵǳƷеĸ̫˫ƾЩ컯أ컯صĸֶΣԳƷʱɸǶ֡
һһֲ֮ǰ붼벻
ǳԽ컯ĸֲп
ƫƫƷǸȻԽ컯ɱȴԶͬĸ֡
ټϳƷٶ̫ˣٶȼķһ嶼ûа취׷ϳƷٶȡ
ʵڳƷ֮ϣٶȴÿÿϳƷһġ
ʵϣǶռϷ磬սڣȴûκε˳ƷƷĽڽڰˣͿҪɱΧȦ
ûдộҲûܹЩֱƵϣͬŪڹ֮һ㡣
ֱܴ裡
ԳƷȫƵļһǸް취
ܻ֮£Żŭ

ƷᣬֻЦβϵԾս֮УɲǼ䣬нһͷ롣
ֲֿĹ֮ǾڳƷնɱһͷһ˲䣬Ѿȫ䵽˳Ʒϡ
ͷϵɽӶתҪɳȥ
ƷϾʶ˲ԣΪ֮ǰȻҲᱻǻ϶һЩನɽӶȻûʲôµġ
ҲÿÿֵܹĹؼԭ򣬲Ƿ˫˫ٶҲͬ޿ƥС
ڣȴֹȫǵˡ
Ʒ͵һӲŷ֣ȻʱƣѾʮպ컯أ컯صĸֱնɱͬģĸҲս˶Χˡ
ܹŲķΧ֮ڣԭ֮һûС
ЩȻκβȴҲҵ㣬𽥱ƽһСȦ
£±Щ˱Ƶ޷㣬Ҳֻʱѡ
һ޵Ŀͬ伤һɨ
Ʒˣ
ҧгݵĿųƷ
ҵҪҪô㣿
ʱƷŷ֣ϵĳ֣Щ컯غ컯صĸ֣Ѿ˳ƷУѾû˳սҧгݵĿųƷ
Ҳû뵽ǵʵȻ˵׸˵ĺȡ
ҧгݵͬʱЩϾȻҲмңǲûܹնɱ컯أ컯صĸ֣ǴûƷ㣬Ǹײһնɱˡ


1990 ڲˣ
Ʒһ֮ЩսɱĶָɱˡ
ս֮Ǿÿ־塣
ƫƫƷնɱǵʱ򣬼ֱֲͬһֻһ򵥡
ڳƷǰѰʲôֱ𣬷һ
Ʒôôǿֱһһ
㣡
ԽˣԽҪնɱڴˣɳȥضΪҵĸ󻼣
ЩȻƷһɱĵԽˣԽǾñҪնɱƷƷһɳǱضǵĸ󻼡
ȻѾˣƴҪնݳ
ԶԶģԭһֱսδֵԶʱɫѾˣ鿪ʼ˼أԭҲûнƷ
һ˹ʺ˵ĺ󱲰ˣǬԪ콾һΡ
һ콾ҪɳԺƽƽء
ƷͬһĽЩնɱȻо˾޴вС
ӳƷϾͿԿóһ콾ɳѾûжʱˣ˵ʵȻƷֻʮ֮ȼ磬ǳԽ⡣
뵽ֽ֮飬ֱĸоù
뵽ԭ֮бһɱ⡣
ͬʱеĳƷҲѾʶˣԼѾ޿ɱܣԭԼٶԶˣʵ£ǵٶȲ׷ϵԼ
ȻڣѾΪˡ
Ӳˣ
Ʒ΢΢һЦ𣬲δΪ˽ǽǶ˿Ļҡ
Ʒ죬ڣ
ĶųƷԱߣһͷһʣµѾƷնɱʮͷ컯أ컯صķնɱһգʧоͷڵѪ
һȻǺպ壬Ƿһһֱ࣬һǴ£οһôֱ࣬˽ǡ
Ψʵ컯أóƷĴ˼ɣ֣ҲΪˣ˺޵ġ
ʣµҲ࣬ţ壬гħڣҲֻʣ컯أ컯۷ĸֲŲ⵽ƷĶ֡
˵Ȳ⵽˶֣ѾӳսƺƵʮ˶˼Ÿˡ
ʧǴĿġ
Ϊ㻹ӵõôɱһٴζҺޣѴ̣̫ϳϺ޵ҧгݣгȣĵâ˶ľ
Ȼûа취ˣҲͲèèˣһնɱˣƷȻ˵ʱʱ죬ɽͼ֮ץһöҩҩ˺֮Уʱһɹѹͬڵĳһϯʽ˳Ʒ֮С
ϣɱ
˵ʱʱ죬һħڵ̫ϳɱʣµħڵ̫ϳһһҵĽ
ħڵ̫ϳһ⣬ȫ컯صĸ֣ɱƷ
ħֲ棬ȼ񷣬ɲǼ䣬ϯ˳Ʒ
ħնɲǼ䣬ͽƷе·סˡ
˶޼˳Ʒսʼ֮Ǻ࣬ħҲɴ౶

ħնʱ˶ΪƷҪնʱȴһھ޴ޱȣ·ɫĸֳߵľ޽յסħ
ܣ
˶סˣųƷȻܹƾһ֮赲סħͷͻϮ
ħͷһڶ֮źպ֪ɱ飬ÿһСֹ޵
컯صĸ֣ڶ֮ϣҲƶ֡
־Ȼ޷ɱƷ
ƷֻƷһֻ̧Ե֮͵סħĹ
޾Ļ棬޷˿˵յƷˡ
˵ˣħͷҲסˣǺ޳֣ԲֵĿԣǱ˰ٷ֮һٶʮʵƷͬΪ컯أһСģܱһɱ
䣡
˾׵ʱ򣬳ƷϵϢѾ˼µ£Ȼֱٶͻơ
˵ԭƷսѾ컯۷壬ھֱ컯أһ˵ٶ
Ǳܵģս֮еֶɵõһ·Ǽ˹һ
ãղ̷ĵҩģܼȥĻǶҪ
ʱһŵĸɫһ䣬һ
ڲˣ


1991 ħͷ˺Ȼ
Ʒޱᣬʱ򣬲ʱ
ʱ˵ɫˣΪ뵽һӿµ飬ƷͿԷҩԳƷڱֳʵȻɱΧǴʵ¼
ǳƷûѡͻΧѡԭǵΧˡ
֮ǰǻǵڣ뵽һµĿԡ
ǾѹǳƷģ˶ΪܲȫΧ
̶̵ʱ֮ڣѾøʧˡ
ʮ컯أ컯صĸֵ䣬ͬһ죬֪γɶĺ䶯
Щ˵һ֮ڶʧأ˽ǣϼǧͨʧҪĶˡ
뵽ЩɫѾޱȵѿ
ǹģħڵħͷĶס˳Ʒ˵

ƷЦЦ˵ǣҲ

ħڵħͷԭ³ƷͻΧȥƷҪͻΧҪ»ǱȽѵġ
Ʒٶ̫ˣֻܣ˺ץסƷҪɱǵĻǷǺˡ
䣡
һɲǼ䣬ƷѾˣɫתָȭɲǼ䣬ֱӻ˰˲ϯ
o׷׳ֱ֣ӽ񷶼ҪԴһȭѹ˳ȥѹأ˲Ϣ֮䣬Բ֮ڣȫȭĽɫ֮С
ֱӾͽħڵħͷС
־̫£Զ˿һĻֻõƷһȭ̫ˣǵĻ¾·һˡ
ȭ˽ɫĺһƬɫĺ֮УoһС
ƷôôǿʵѾԽ컯˰ɣ
ֻоսľƣǿŶ¡
ƷվԭأһϮ°ɫۣףϵһ㡣
ħڵħͷüͷֱǵ϶ڱµħ棬ƷɢĽɫȭ࿹⡣
زҲһ˿һĲ˽ˣһһ˸ħħɨҪնƷĽɫȭ
ʱȴûа취Կ˳Ʒȴһ˲䣬Ʒǽɫȭ֮б֮һĵһ˲Ѿħͷնħħ棬˲ͽһж˺˿
أ
ȭɨֱɨħڵħͷһ˲³һѪȻ󵹷˳ȥ
ۣ
ħڵħͷֱͬɳȥķһ㣬ɨ
ôôǿ
ħڵħͷ񶼿ҪɳˣǼ˹һ˵ΪѾ컯أȻû컯۷塣
ֵδر컯۷Ҫѷɫ١
ھȻƷһȭɳȥ嶼ҪըѿֲȭҲо¡
ǴʱѾˣǱɳȥһ˲䣬˵Ľâڰ֮۶ɣ֮Ƴħħͷնȥ
Ʒӡâͬ׷һɨ˳գֱħڵħͷ
ħڵħͷʱﻹ֪ãʱ׷Լǰħλ˽磬Ҫ赲Ʒ⡣
ȴûκôâ˸ֱ֮ƿ˽磬ħͷᴩˣ޴ĹԴħͷֱ䵽˺ϣն˾޴ѷ졣
أ
أ
أ
ħͷը˿ȻǵûüȥͱƷһָֻץɽͼĿռ䡣
һ˵ȻǶ̶̼Ϣʱ䣬Ѿʤˡ
ȫһƬһļžе˶Ʒɱ¾ٶȸŵˣ
ֱնɱ컯صħͷ
ϳƷǻڲǿϢһʱ䣬Ȼŵ˲ǰ
ʵΪ̫ˣ
׷أһһ
һȴԶ˭ء
Զһ仰͵һӻعˣһӶΪʲôħͷȻܵôˡ
ʵΪħͷĹȫȫˡ
ħǱؼ֮ģ֮֮ǺƺƵ֮
ͿƸаħĸ๦
ħڵħͷ֮Իô׾ٵĹƷȻΪǱȫȫĿסˡ
ټһСģŻᱻƷһ˲䱻ܣ
뵽ղſ컯صĶֱ´ľҲƽ


1992 鳲
ֻǹƣټϲСĵĻ⻹ܹܵķΧϾħƣǲ˶ħħҲֻһСְˡ
󲿷˵ĹǲƵģ
뵽˵ɫ̾ͺÿˣ
ʣµţһĸ֣ɫ̾ͺÿĶˣеķŲڱ׷һ£ֻҪǵΪȳƷǿҪɱƷͻǱȽϼ򵥵ġ
Ǻ֮еĸȴһ±ƣΪħ֮⣬Ǻˮͨ͹ҲڱƵ֮С
ֻûħƵôذˣ
ΣֻҪƣ˵൱ģ
Ʒղ׾ٵ׷ƿħͷķȻ׾ٵĽնɱ֮£⼸ĸֲϹôῴ
ƷĿɨ˹ǵɫ͸ѿƷٲȻǵѽ
Ʒ׷Σҵеıϵȵͨɣ֮еĸָһˮͨ׷ƣֲǽУ֪˶취˷
Ǻ֮оҲһˣȻҲǺް취
ʱԭۼɭɭ֮ϣ֪ʲôʱ򳤳һĵ̣Щ̺ϲһ𣬻һһߵס
Щ׽ȫȫİΧУ
ϣɱ
֮Уһ˵ȴһ䵽һ֮ϣȻֱɢ˿ûа취ơ
ƷΪҺ֪㣬᲻취ôǸֹЦһ֮˸ŷĵĹâϣĹâȫȫУ׷Ҳûа취ͻơ
ֻҪһڣ׷Ҳûκô
Ц
ƷЦһôѰ׷סأ
˵ʱ٣ʱ죬֪ʲôʱ򣬳Ʒֱۣ֮ϣһ˲ɲǼ䣬Ѿ˷ԲʮķΧ֮ڣԶԶȥƺѹկȥΪ¡
һУ鳲
˵ʱʱ죬һۼɭɭȫȫУ·ϵһһĵɨգͬٲһԶԶȥΪ𺳡
׵µٶж죬ǧ֮һ룬ûܹùȥһ˲䣬ĵһС
ԶԶģʿ˲ӳȥϰҿֲĵ󶼸ըˣǱеĺ޶ըķǡ
ЩΧƷҲЩûˡ
̫̫ˡʲôĿɿڴǰһĻ
һ鳲ʵ̫ˣǽԲʮڣȫһƬ׵ĺ
ķΧ˶޿ɶ㡣
ƷȻôľѧһֱûʩչĻ̫ˣ
˵սľ˵ûκһ鱨˵Ʒӵʵ
˵ʲô˵Ʒصĺܺãû֪
һƬ׵纣֮УһӰֱ˳һԶΪʱñȽԶټʵڡ
˺ɵľ˳ǱУð˺ụ̈ȥЩǱ
ʱԶҲûпݣΪ֮Ҳ𺳣޾֮еĳƷһ°ɫۣϵײһ
⵽ʲôʽԲǷڵʽƷǴʲôطѧģԶڷڷǳϤʵϣҲһЩӵ֮ܰڣҶڷڵʽô᲻ء
ֻǴûʽ϶ǳƷѧģһе֪ǳԽ˷ѧﵽ˴˵зʼѧĳ̶ȡ
ֺ֮Ȼ飬ʼѧ˵ֻʮż֮вУһֻڵļ˲ʸ
ʣµҲڴĻʳĻ֮Уи
ھȻһַʼ֪ͨжôĺȻ
ѧͨȥһţȻ󲨣ֻʮżĹע
ƷҲ֪ʲôʺ˲ܹõĴС
ǬԪʵԩǸʱ򣬳ƷնɱǬԪʱδõһУ֪˫ʵĲࡣ
δҵĸ󻼣Զ̰֮飬ķʼѧҲҪõ


1993 鳲
ʼͨҶûеģеٮٮߵļ֮УҲǲһŷѧ
ʼͨѧǸǼֵǣ붼ĺö
˵һŷʼͨãñȵǬԪҵС
ǶԼ˵һŷѧ˵ô֮󣬼ֱ
ԼԽĿǰƿѾ컯۷壬컯۷ĸ֣Ǿһֱٳٿ粻ȥ
ţֻҪܹõһŷʼͨǲ̺ĴܹͨͻƵߵľ硣
һͻ֮󣬾ͻΪļͷ֮һװѺĵλڵ¶ĸ֡
˵һͨϽܹԴֱüһУȫԼˡ
ǵ£ǬԪ֮⣬Ҳûбѡ
ǬԪڵʱֱһ͸һ˻ǵõΪٹף˶ͬһһľۼǬԪߡ
ʵϣƷɱǬԪԶװװֻҪɱƷΪҵϣΪԼ
֮ǰҪһŷʼͨʳ
Զ˼ʱ񳱵׵纣Ҳɢ˴ʱſԭڱƷϮĿЩͳͳ˺ףʬ嶼罹ˡ
ʣ±źͷһĸҲûõĶȥȻƷ鳲ǳźȥģڱġ
ȻҲͬǳǱദܵشͻȻĳƷȻô£ҲԶԶ˵֮⡣
һ鳲֪֮
컯ĸ֣ﶼҪܵشЩ컯أ컯۷ĸֶûа취ֵҪش
ÿµͨʲô׷ͨô֮ǰδ
鳲ôƣ
ֱˣս˭СǳƷ
۷׷ףأǷ֣֮еĳƷʱҲͷ󺹣Ȼղͷ鳲˵ҲǷǳ޴ġ
꣬꣬꣡
ƷоԼڵķһ˲Ҫˣһ鳲˵ʵ̫ˡ
һҲǼڻʼս֮ϵһֻͨʲܹɵġ
ҶڱĹҪҲʮ־˵ģһܹתģԳƷȻ֪һУһֱûù
һ鳲֮ӹɣһ˲ش˺Ǽ֣ǼֺɱҲش
ڷʼ֮ͨУҲٮٮߣ
ս֮ͷųЧŻᱻͷŵ󣬼˵ܹһƬս
˼ޣܹأֱӻһ磬¿ٵأǲǰ޹˺ߡ
ڳƷҲǸոճһ̸ͨ磬ĻͲôĵܿƣЩȫܿƵĻƷаһźͷһĸһֻԺֽлԴ
ˣһͨҲѾ㹻ˡ
ųƷΪԽԽǿһֱڻʼս֮еͨѧѧܹʹվʼѧƷĿɲֻôһŰ
ֻû֪ƷԺ֮оȻлʼսĶĻ´ĻʳĻҶ֣Ͼ漰˻ʼսŸַѧʼѧͨı䣬κβƸĶ
ϣɱûзˣҪɱʱã
ʱʣµźͷһѾˣҲشˣ϶ദķڵĵطҲҪ񱩵֮УֻҪƷ鳲ʱپһ㣬ֻҲҪС
뵽Ƕɵôһ˳ƷϣıԵһȦĸоʵ̫ˡ
Ǵʱ͵һӷֳƷȻĹеķʱͬ´½һ׷ױ˾˵ɱ
㲡Ҫ
ǸŵĸִһʱڳƷܱѾһͷֵӰһͷһĸѾ˱壬ͬСɽһӴΣȴĲ񻰣ֱ˷УֱӳɱƷǰȻûһ˿һϡ
ȻǶڷԷյһ˵ĵزܹ㣬ϵӰ졣
Ʒ


1994 컯۷սǿը
죡
죡
죡
գ
գ
գ
һͷٶȷǳ֮죬ıһԷ֮ɨͬڿ쵶һ㣬ֱӽ񷶼и룬ݺݵĳųƷ
ǧһʱ򣬳Ʒ͵һ̧ȭͷһȭӭڿ쵶ȥ
أ
أ
޴ޱȵĺͬӱ˾ֻƷȻƾȭͷһͷһֵ˫մķ飬Ƿ֮ѿɢ
ʲôһͷһĸֵɴ۾컯صĸ֣ʲôĶûмǳƷȴͷһμ
Ҫ֪ƷѾϵķһˣʱȴܱµս
⵽Ϊʲô
һͷȫȫ벻Ϊʲôӡ
ޣ
ƷȻһޣ
һͷʱ뵽һµĿԣʣ˶С˳Ʒˣڿ˳Ʒͷ鳲֮ǶΪƷϵʣȻʮҲڷϵ͵ʣķĴôʵҲ½½ԭ֮һʮ֮һпܡ
˭뵽Ʒϵ֮⣬Ȼһµޡ
ķ֮ɷ۶ɵģȻʵϲˣǵķ֮ģʱƣϵļѾ൱Ʒǳߵķˡ
ȻڱƷȻһȭһƷ޵Ҳͺ֮ˣ֮⣬Ǽֱ󣬳ƷΪʲôܹӵµʡ
û˷ӳɵ£Ȼܹ˾˵ս
ȻƸ룬ȴƷһȭһ֮֮󼸺ɲǼ䣬Ѿһͷǰ
У޴ĺɫһĸ趯
˲䣬˾ͿǸоֱһĻƾűûκηļӳ֣Ʒֱֳָ趯γ˿µ磬͵һӺݺݳһͷնȥ
һͷһĸˣͼ㿪ֲһ
ǳƷĳͬ۾һһóʩչԵͨжٶȿ磬ǳƷٶȴ죬ɲǼ䣬Ѿ׷һͷ
ʼղƫеĶ׼һͷ
ͣ
һͷǲҽһһУǿķڸĽǰʲôͬǱжһ㣬׾ٵıƿ
Ѫ罦Ѫˮɢһͷ޴ޱȵķն룬˲ʬ廹δü䵽棬ͱƷɽͼĿռ֮С
ʱһļžղŻҪˣʱͳͳסˣѾɽˮģƷȻܱôµսһͷ컯صĸ֣ԳƷʱȴ˲һ
ʣµ֣зһĸֶЩסˡ
ֻĿųƷڰ֮УȻͬһ㡣
ãڻָ
ʱŽ֮еһں
˴ʱŷ֣ƷϵķȻһ˵ٶȻָŶ̶̵ʱ䣬ѾָһСˡ
̫ڤ˵ʴ˳ƷԾ˵Ļָٶȣֻô̵ʱ䣬Ѿָôࡣ
ϣһϣĻָĻǽ춼Ҫ
ʱŵ໥һۣʱ֪ԹȥˣóƷɳȥ롣
𣡡
һĸ߿һŭű㿪ʼ˱±˷һ屾ģСɽһľ޴
һ˲䣬ּ峯ųƷ˹
ǸΪ׵Ǹ컯۷ľ磬ʣµҲ컯صĸ֡
һĸҲ컯۷壬ھ۵
ԶԶҲˣܼӳƷɳȥˣĻֱ롣
ȻڴʱƷ͵һʧԭأһ˲䣬ѾǸ컯صĸֵϷ
Ȫ̤
һͬӻȪ֮м̤͵һӼ̤Ǹ컯صĸֵϡ
أ
Ǹ컯صĸֱֵ͵һӵ˳ȥȻը˿Ѫ罦
ʬ廹δ£ͱƷץɽͼĿռ֮С
ʣˣ
ƷޱĮʣµ˶ʱֻоһݣǷо˳ƷʵȻͻơ
컯۷壡
Ǽֱо˼飬ƷͻƼֱǳԷˮһ򵥣ֻ뺰һ䡣
񾭲


1995 ƷȻǵʦ
սһֹƽ֮УԶΧ۵Щɢ޴ʱҲһּ˵֮С
Ʒս˵Ƥӵ£ڽȻֱӳ컯۷塣
ǺεȺ˵ֶΣ
ȻҲ²ĳӦǺ͸ղųƷ̷˵ĵҩһĹϵǼ֪Ҳܹ󼰵ġ
ΪֵҩʣӦҲǼΪģܹõġ
ڴĻʳ֮УʦʮϡٵģÿһµĴԺЩĶ۵
֮Ҳʵǿĸ֣
ĵʵĵƣ
ңɽ֮Уһɽ֮ϣⶫ֮ϵĿս
˲ͬ²⵽ˣղųƷ̷ȥĵҩӦþǵƷҩƳġ
ҩ嵥ǹҩ嵥ûκôΪҪҩƳɵҩǣķʵ̫ˡ
ֻܴҩ֮еĳЩҩĵҩܹ֮ƲҪƵĵҩá
ʵ²Ҳֻ࣬ҩЧӾˣƷʵﵽʲô̶ȣղŻǿķġ
ڶ̶̼ʱ֮УƷսһͻƵһ磬ĽǾס
ȻˣƷսҲǿ컯صĳ̶ȶѡ
ǿһöҩƷսȻֱͻƵ컯أ˿컯۷ĵز
ʱĵҩûмҲֵҩǻҲܹΪһɵɣѾʮ־ˡ
Сһɵɣڸֽ֮УֻһսĲܾ࣬ʤ
ܹһĵҩҲһöֻصĺ֢𺦵δصķ
˵ǵصĵزҲԲѡĵҩ
ǳƷ̷ȥһöҩȻûô⣬ڳƷ컯س컯۷壬սֹʮ
ȣֱǲ˼ģ
ԣŻãܶڳƷ˵侪˵ʵĵơ
ټ֮ǰ鱨ԼᵽĳƷչҩģƵҩ飬ֻǵʱ˶Ʒ˵ʵȫעǺԵЩ߽߱ǽǵ鱨
Ȼ֣Щԭںı߽߱ǽǵ鱨ܲؼϢ
ڣ˵ƷҪԣҪԶԶսҪԡ
Ͼ¼䶥ĸеǣ컯۷ĸ֣Ҳܹ֮ĵʦȴǷëǵġ
Ƕ־λ˵£һʦ֧ҪԶԶ£һʦҪҪĶࡣ
ԭܸܹõһŶķתˣڣЩˣһǰ;ĸֺ͵ʦ飬ҪԶԶһŶķҪĶˡ
ʱսϵƷΧУŵĸֺͷһĸֶԳƷ޵ҧгݣֻ޲ýƷʬΣֲܹˣǵʧ
Զ֮ޱȵı䣬żֺȻɱ⣬ɱ֮Уż̰
ƷоԼڵķѾ͵˼ˣղ鳲Ѿķһˣڿǿĵҩҩһ˵ٶȻָ
棬ֵˣ
ƷĿˡ

ŵĸִһһɲǼ䣬˺ƻһڹϵ񵶣鿪һ
ȫѪͬһͷ˳âɨһУֱӱ˳ʢĹâųƷն
µĵâڰ֮ѹҪضı
컯۷壬컯۷ĸ֣֮ǰ컯صĸ֣Ҫǿһϣ
۷֮սŸոտʼ
ƷͬղôŸˣ
۷׷ףһֵ㣬أأʱ򣬳ƷһӶˣֱһƳ֮ն˹ȥ
أ
ֱǾ޴ޱȣ˸ųʢâ񵶡
ţ˾Ϳ˾˵һĻȴƷȻһӽһĵ˿
âƬĹ곯˷ɢȥ
ʲôŵĸֶʱɴ۾ţԼȫһᱻƷ׾ٵĵķ飬ǷĿֲ˫۶ڲǿֲܹ鳤ա
ؾڴʱƷ˺ƻεضչᣬһ䣬ֱӳ嵽Ÿֵǰ


1996 һѹѹͬ
˲ȭƷָȭֲȭָ֮͸һ˲ɨգɲǼ䣬ֱӺ᳤գһӾͺŵĸֵǰ
С֣
ʱһͷ֪ʲôʱѾƿգ嵽˳Ʒǰ
һ˲飬һԷ֮鿪ųƷն
ֱϯ쫷磬һС
ҹҪ£ɽӡ
Ʒһֻֽ֣ӡһ̫ɽȻֱһͷѹ
ͬʱԿ컯۷ĸ֣ƷȻûһǰĺ¡
ڴʱһֱԱ߿ţҲԶҲȥˣֱӳ֡
䣡
Զһ˲֣ϣһ˷컭ꪣһ˷컭Ͽ̻Ų󷨺ͽ磬Ӷ֮䣬Ȼ֮ϣӰ˺˻ȻⷽԲϰķλ֮ڣһƬս
׵ʿֱӳųƷ˹
ǧڶ񷶼ھҵĲ
ԶһУҪóƷأǾңд󲿷ֵѧȻҲǺ;սйϵġ
ɱңûôף
ʱ򣬳Ʒϣ֮ӿ𣬻һڿڱɲǼ䣬Щϱ˾춯صĽâ˲񷣬ӭϡ
䣡
䣡
䣡
һ޴ĺЩâڳƷǰγһĻ赲סǧĳ档
ʱ򣬳Ʒȭɨ񷣬Ѿ䵽Ÿֵǰ
ŵĸеĳѾƷıˣи̣ƷҲ֪ʲôôôֲ
Ǵʱݲ룬ֻҧ⣬³һھѪ֮󣬻һֲĵâղնĵâҪǿ֣ȻֱӳųƷȭݻİ˲ȥ
䣡
һâһ˲ķ飬˲ͬؼ䲢oһ˲Ÿֵڡ
أ
ŸֱֱӺУɵһѪؿڶȥ֪ƷһȭжôľˣôĿ¡
ŵĸֵڻȫȫ޷ţ컯۷ĸ֣Ѿж궼û˹ˣԼǵˡ
ھȻƷһȭˡ
޷⣬˵Ʒǿǿս컯۷壬£ӦԶԶȲЩƵ컯۷ĸ֡
ȻʵȴݺݴֱӱƷһȭˡ
һߣƷıɽӡҲǷһĸָ˳ȥ
ǿȻһ˵ס컯۷ĸֵͻϮشһ
һı˵ʵ򲻹ֻǶ̶ʱѣһӾͷֳʤƷһ֮ס֣شŵĸ֡
ֱǹɣ׷õʲôҩôôֲ
˶֪Ʒõľʲôҩôô̬
ͬʱҲкܶ˽ƷΪ˲ǵĶȻƷƾŵҩܹս컯۷ġ
˭ֻ֪һöҩкüöĵҩ
οƷûзһöҩսҲѾ컯أΪڶ֮ϣҲһ֣ԿɣһԺյš
ڶɢ֮Уܶ˶Ѿһˡ
ǾÿֲǣƷŶֻ꣬һѣɳȥ˵컯۷壬ǳԽ컯Ҳֻʱˡ
ƷһʱκǣԺҲеǰ취ܹʰǡ
ңڶ֮ϣŵƷΪ
УƷѾޱȼɵĿֲڡ
ʵֱͺǺ콾ϵ콾ȫѿͬһεĴڡ
ԭ콾һǬԪ˻֣ƷƾʲôܹɱǬԪΪ콾һڣˣƷĵһȻʵ
ǺȣƷʵǿеˣѾԽһ콾һΣǺüΡ
ЩʶԶˣԶĹƷ׾ٵ赲ǸһҪʵĸо
ƷȻѾԺһ콾һϸˣȻԶֻһ콾֮Ĵڡ
ȻƷƾŵҩ֮˾ˡ
˶ףζʲôƷ·ҪһǴѹѹͬ
ÿһγ֣ͬ˵Ĺâ޹⣬糤ҹֻһ¸߹ҳա


1997 ն컯۷
ԭ콾֮ϣ׷ҸϣǬԪѹһͷҲֻѹһͷѡ
ƷչֳʵȫͬԺ˾޴Ĳࡣ
һ֣ͬʱ콾ıֽѹһʱ
ս˶Ҫס֣
˻ڳƷ׾ٵĵס컯۷ĸ֮ʱǱƷմɳȥŵĸִʱﻹ
̣һھѪȼ˻ķĳȥ
һ˲䣬ӳϰۿųƷ˶ֻʣһСڵˣǻ΢һȴǰһڣһ°ɫӰ֪ʲôʱѾǰ
ߣɣ
Ҹƴˣ
ŵĸֱߵĴһȫķһĵ⣬ɨգͬһɽһ㣬ѹ
һ£ŵĸֵͷֱһ룬˵һֱȼյһ
һһֵˣ
ŵĸӶڳ鴤ʮֵ
һ£ȴûͬǰ㣬Ʒ룬ܹƷشĵز
ȴƷֻǼ򵥵̧ץȥһ춯صĵâȻץУͺǽһץһ㡣
أ
âһһı鿪ûа취ԳƷһ˿һвĹâɢ
ôܣ
ŵĸֵһӦǲţȼһһ컯۷ĸ֮УӦҲٮٮߣԶҲлܹԶش
ȻʵȴǣƷ׾ٵĽһ˷飬˶ˡ
ʲô
ôôֲ
Ҳû˴ô͵ģֱһ޵еޣֱҪʲôΪԼֲķ
һ㣬ǿȷϵ˵ģǾǣƷֱǿ
뵽оˣ⻹ûˣԭƷѾֲܿˣھȻǿˡ
ֱ̬
˵ղǻа취ܹԿ״̬֮µĳƷڣѾ׾ˡ
ҲûоãƷֲĴ͵һն˲䵽Ÿֵ֮С
ͣ
ŵĸּ˱ն룬˲
컯۷ĸˣ˸п
Ȼ֮ǰѾĸˣ֮бĸ֣ʱ򱻳Ʒ鳲˵ĸпô
ĿŵĸֱƷһնɱ˲ʵС
ֲǣǷֳƷʵȻһ˵ٶ
ôĻҪҪ˻ˣ
ֻоҪˣ
ƷʱȻҲܲ˵ľΪǰ˻ûн
ʱڵķԴԴϵУǵҩЧΪҩãڵľ֮һӾ˵ٶȻ
仰˵ĹȻӵٶȥͻƵ컯أҲֻʱˡ
ҲΪʲôܹ׾ٵĻɱŵĸ֣ΪƷʱĹֶӳֶɵģԶԶĳһҪǿԵĶˡ
ҲܹܵˣӴ֮ŰһǿˣѾըˡ
ã
ʱһͷѾе±ˣûиʲôһоѾˣǸ֮ǰܼɵŵĸ־Ѿ˳Ʒϡ
ʱԺ֮ð˺֮ǰǸŸһģһĸо񾭲Ǹô
ʱƷչֳʵԺõ鱨ȫͬΪһɵĻ鷳ǷͻϮ
ŷ֣Ʒȣĸ֣Ƕ˳ĺСһĴڡ
û취ͳƷȣ
Ʒʵǿ󣬸Ļֱݽթ˼£ѵ඼Ĵô
һʼͿչֳ㹻ʵˣԼɱһѪ·ҪʾΪֻҪټһѾͿԸɵʧأֻʣԼԶˡ
ã
Ժ֮УʱֻһͷҪȥԶϣ֮ǰǾԲһǿߵ̫ģ֮ĶԹ꣬˭Ҳ֪Զ᲻ͻɱ֣˵嶼޷ŵȺ
ڣڳƷвǰʲôżҪˡ
뵽ʱ򣬾ѾˣƷһ绯ɲǼ䣬Ѿһͷǰ
Ʒ˫ֱ磬߸ϣһͷƿһһ㡣


1998 ն컯۷
һͷʱʶʲôֲ飬ֱ˱ı壬ͬСɽһľ޴ոճ֣ǿֲѹѾɨƬĴԳƵĿֲڡ
һ֮е壬Ȼ٣Ǽ˵ÿһ˶ǿߣһͷٮٮ֮еٮٮߡ
컯۷ĸ֣
𣡡
һͷһſѪڣɲǼ䣬Ʊɫķ籩Ŀۣ˿ֲ쫷糯ųƷϯ˹ȥ
ƷǶҲֻĿ·쫷糯Լϯ˹
ţ˷һɿֲ쫷磬ܹɽĿ·籩ȻڳƷĽֱɢʧӰ١
ǿֲķ籩·ʲôסһûа취Ʒ塣
𣡡
һͷû˿٣Ʒǿ󣬸ղѾ֪ˣ˵һʼС˳ƷôڣʱƣѾһ˿һСƳƷˡ
һԺԼȼ磬ǳԽԼĿֲڡ
һͷķֱ֮趯ջڿֲĳֱӳųƷȥ
ΪһͷŵĸֻҪǿһݣȻͨһͷǴֵķ̫ǿˣȺ֮УǶǿУ֪жôĿ¡



һǽһ˿ڷ֮ĳκβóƷƲƷķƷȫ¾Ȼʼ͸һĽ⣬ϵoһ㣬ӵѰ˸Ŀѹ
ʱ򣬳Ʒս֮ϵս
Ȫ̤
Ʒޱ飬һʱ񷶼ڲԳƷĽΪģ˷ɢȥܹɢĿ񳱣ͬĩһĿֲ
أ
ֲĻȪˮγɺƵֱӳŷһͷţΧ쫷磬ҪֵȪˮ£ǻȪǧֻһ£Ҵһɽ
Ȫˮ֮Щ쫷Ƕ֣׷ױ߽⡣
Ȼγɿµƣֱ䵽˷ϡ
ϼ̾ͱѪͺǱһ㣬˿ڴ˸ʴĺۼ·ܹһеһеĶʴ
Ȫ̤ڶ̤
Ʒûֱֹͣӿ˵ڶ
Ƿľ޴Ⱪһ㣬˳ȥһѪѪ֮
һ˲䣬Ʒش
شϢʵƷͬʵʱƣϵ
ĲԽԽ÷Ʒʱ򣬼ûа취ֻֿǵ˻Ȫ̤ĵڶ̤ʱ򣬾ѾֲסˣͬһĹ̤ı˿
Ȫ̤̤
ƷĮ飬̤˵ʱԶѾϵˣһ˷컭趯һ벻ĽǶȳųƷնȥ
Ķҽһǲ˼ģƫƫܹĶ
컭ꪺɨ⾳֮Уֱӻ˿ֲޱȵƣƺƵһųƷɱ˹ȥ
ֹңƷҲһץɽӶͱץУȻ͵ɽӶ趯
أ
ɽӶݺҵһ֮ϣһǲҽһԭԷȻմıɢ˿ֻһѣһ˲佫һ˷컭ꪴ˱ģ
ͣ
Զ˫ֻһӱˣںͳƷĽ֮Уһ
Ʒֲ񱩵ʱֵ쾡¡
컯۷壬ǳƷĿֲĿãֶκβʱƣƷʵڽһķչ
ͬʱƷĻȪ̤Ѿ̤˵ֲĻȪˮûһУϷõĽѾȫ߱˲䱻߽⣬һɶ
ۣ
һͷشͷ­ȥǱƷһŲ̤ȥģӲ㶼ȶϡ
ƷĻȪ̤ÿһ̤ǳɼα
䣡
һͷҽһ޴ݺҽ˺֮У޴ĹֱӺ֮УһӲ֪ײ˶ͷ֮еޡ
ȻЩޱӴ󣬵Ǿֽһײһ¾ըѿ
ڴʱƷֱһ˦ӰΣһӺ˴֮Уֱ׷һͷ
ͣ
һͷһᴩ˲


1999 ʣһչ
һնɱ˷֮󣬳Ʒ齫һͷ
ˣҪһˣ
ƷʱõĲٺˡ
ôඥ컯ֱնɱ㹻һöóƷΪһ
ǬԪǶ̶ʱûǬԪȻڱش֮£ǵȬΪȻһ
ֱû
ҲóƷʶһ飬ǾЩĵжôľˣټЩһ콾ʣǳɳٶʮ־˵ġ
£ҪȵЩ콾ٶȣ͵ҪȡԴ֮ͬѾûĶ֡
Ȼڣ˵ŵģҲΨԼκһˡ
Ѿܹоһս֮ΪһͻƵ컯أǸʱսԺɨ컯أе컯۷ĸ֣Դһȫˡ
ȵ֮󣬳ƷսͻƵ컯۷壬Ҳֻʱ⡣
Ǹʱ򣬾ͲҪõҩҲɴЩǿС
컯ĸڶ֮ϣѾһ֣컯۷壬һͷˣ˸صϹ֮⣬ϾǿԺеļ
ڷ֮ڣ컯۷壬ҲѰпܽӴĶ֣ЩԽ컯Ĵڣǳڱչ֮Уǳǲڵⱻٶȡ
ĸ֣ǵֻʣһ飬ǲϵУøǿ
뵽Ʒ鲻ܲã
漴ĿתԶϣԶųƷɵôһս漴¶˼ŭ顣
Ȼˣôһ˲ʱ䣬ȻƷĿ⿴ˡ
ǣܹоĳƷĿֱڿһӦ˵Ǳһʱŭɶ
ڵĺôô
֪ڳƷУֻ϶ѣѾһˡ
ʣһãչ
Ʒǿоδﵽޣﵽ˼֮󣬱ͻƵ컯صʱ
Զ¶˼ޱŭ飬漴֮ޱȱ飬ϱѿĻҲۿɼٶȺת
»ָŵ飬ȻڵĳƷǿĿ£ɱ񣬷ɱ̬
㹻ţһ콾ϵ콾Ȼֻ󣬵Ǻ컯۷ĸȣֱûпɱԡ
ͬľ磬ǿϲֹһ
ĻҲˣֻǲͬƷôɶѡ
콾콾
ͬ컯۷壬һͷŵĸ˵ܾΪļ£δֻСʵĿͻƵߵľ硣
ȻԶ˵ⲻֻʱפľ磬δֻҪͻƵߵľ磬Ҳֻʱ⡣
ǱϵĲͬ
Ʒǿŵҩ֮ͻƵ磬ֻҪһʱ䣬ҩȥƷֻƾԲˡ
䣡
ԶˣΪǿôﻹóƷȳ֡
һ˷컭ꪺɨգͬҽһ㣬ųƷɨ
һ棬һץһöҩץ˳Ȼȥ
ɲǼ䣬Զʵٶȱǣɡ
ȻֻɹǶսǼαģһһ
ԶͷڵѪû̫֢ĵҩҲ࣬Ͼÿ˶ǳƷܹԼĹ󻧣˵Ҫõĵҩɲס
ȻҴҵ󣬵ĵҩҲսԴֲǬԪΪľϣƵøԴࡣ
ԽԶԽеķ컭ꪱâҲԽǾˡ

ƷЦԶֱӰεضͬӥһ㣬ֱָȭһȭӭŷ컭ꪶϡ
أ
ŷը鿪
콾ϵ콾ڵײһֻһûеó֮Զٶ趯еķ컭ꪣ趯֮䣬رɫԲϰڣ趯γһ޴ĴųƷ
ꪷ
Զһ·ԷԲٹ֮Ʒķһ㡣
֮ԵģƷȻ޾壬һȭٶȺȥ
նΪ˫սǵ·ַܵǣ֮ϣκˣȻǧɸߣ˵ߣֲֻܿ˸Ӱ


2000 սеͻƣ컯
¡¡
˫սײԲڶΪ˿ֲս
ԶսԶѰ컯۷ĸҪǿĶ࣬ټϷ˵ҩ֮սƾ˽һ
Ѱ컯۷ĸֻ³ŲסʮоҪͬľ磬սҲر
ǳƷȴͬȻԺԶǲ¡
˫һ֮н档
Զණɢ޿񼤵˵Ҳѵһľս
˫֣˵Ƕ似ӵ˼£ֹͬҽǣпգûκκۼԡ
ĸֵĽ棬ýÿһεײ
Щɢ֮УҲ컯أ컯۷ľͷʱЩ֮ϵĴͳһĻɵ÷׷׵һ
֮еκһܹ֮Ĵڡ
컯صĸ֮УҲֻкٵһ컯۷壬Ǵų߾ĸ
ֻн۷壬Բľ磬пܿߵľ硣
ͬǼޣ˺Ҳȫһġ
˵ʵȻҪԶ֮ϣ֮УҲ֪мܹǱȼ硣
컯۷ɲ·ߵĴײˣǿľ֡
ĴΧƷƷ¾˵һ˼ҲΪҲǷһ΢һ㣬ʧԪ֪Ҫʲôʱܲء
Ʒҿ㻹ֵܼʲôʱ򣡡Զһеĳ趯һϰɵ˷·һ˲쳹ء
㹻ˣ
ƷЦһη壬ΰεض𣬸ѧʩչ
˲ȭȪ̤׽ɽӡȵǿľѧмǺѶȵʩչ
ѧȫ޷лÿһѧص㲻ͬڳƷУʩչ
ԶֻоƵҪѪ
ΪӦͬѧҪʹòֶͬΣƷֶڶֻ࣬һꪷʱƵҪѪ
ҧֻ֣ҪȥƷȻͻֲסһֱ
ƷֻǿŵҩܹǿгŵڣȻҲǿŵҩǺôõѽܱȳƷҪְܼɣ
˫ҵսڷĽУƬ֮䣬ѾǧУҲ̵Ķ֮ϣ˹ĻͿ̿
컯۷ȫ֣ʲôǰнıҲԽһдı
ʲô޹ǣһ컯۷ĸֳĸӿ¡
˾̾˵ĿֲսʱԶԽԽƣΪѾ˼µ£ƷΪȻ
Щɵˣôѧô
ѾˣǳƷƾʲôԸһҩģҩҲҪ
Ʒǳ˷ܼһɴֶΣֻȭͷϵ¡
Ʒȭͷͬһ£ֱǣ·ߴܵġ
ԽԽ֮ǰ˻ܹͬҽпһĳУھֻʣȭˡ
ȭͷˣȫԼȭͷӲԶꪷ
ֹŹֵս˶ˣŪɶء
ԶҲǸ㲻ˣûпȥЩˣҪƷҪѪˣƷȻڲϵУеɵˣƷôġ
ۣ
ԶɳȥһѪ˳ûдộƷʲôʽͳͳȭƫƫЧƵĵط
ֲǣܹоƷڲϵ
ߣ
ʱԶѾҲûиղŵЩ뷨ˣʲôЦǰȻ֪ԷֻҪһӣսͻ䣬ǹ֪һӵж೤һֱΪǰ飬˭֪һֱڣ·硣
ʱƣҲԽԽ
ϣ
Զж֮󣬼̾Ϳʼȥ»ָû˶ԳƷܴе̰һӾ˺ܶ࣬ҪԸƷԲܹġ
䣡
ҪߵʱһɿֲѹӳƷϱ˳һ˲䣬ƷסԶ
˼ҪȥĶƷ¶ֵЦ¶һڴֻоޱȵ泩
ƷϵϢһ˵ٶ͸ղֻԶоͬڵۿɼٶ
Ϊͻˣ컯أ


2001 նԶսĻ
ڸղżҵս֮УͻƵ컯أ
ΪͻƵ컯֮󣬳Ʒս͵һ컯أټԭҩҩļӳ֣ս͵ԭһࡣ
⻹ǽֻǸոͻƣʱƣսڲϵС
ԭսԶ޼ͻ֮սһͶԶγɿµѹ
һѾסҪߵԶ
ʱԶ˶оˣƷΪֲǿҲûκΰ취Խ
Ʒôͻˣͻˣͻˣ
˶ˣֲɵȻõղųƷͻȻĹֶΣȫȭҪԼԷԷϾȫǱʵͻơ
仰˵һ콾ϵ콾ھȻ˳Ʒĥʯ
Ը⻹ǲԸϣⶼʵ
뵽ʱˣ漴¶˼飬ѾӳƷϸо˾޴в
͸ղŵѾȫȫĲͬˣղţֻҪߣܴӳƷߣߵİնûˡ
ղžȻҵĥʯԶмŭ
ΣƷЦһȻΪܻô
ƷҲǴһͻȻģٶȣľ֮İҪͻƵ컯أҲҪһϵʱ䡣
ǽԶԼǱȫȳս֮ͻƣȴҪȴôʱ䡣
ͻܹ֮оԼʵһ˵ٶ컯۷ĴڣҲη塣
ԱԿ⣡
ԭԶв컯صĸ֣ѾȻ֮䲻Ķˡ
Զá
ƷôˣԶǻˣǵãʱǺͳƷӲʱ
ƷɱңĿ֮£ҲŹģ
ԶʱҵݣڴĻʳ֮Ǿңޱȵ
ɱ㣬ΣӵԶаħΧ͢Զ󽫾ﵱɱ㣬ΣƷһЦ˵һıûУƾԶΧһ㣬ҲŹԷ
ƨȻǿķҲǺǵģûзڣΪ˳ƷزҲη塣
ڵΪܹвĿ²ˣ˵ȶ˵ϵ⣬׸
ϻ˵
Ʒһָȭȭ磬ڰ֮У۳˰o
oɱһУһ˲䣬Զ
ꪷ
Զʱﻹһ˿һСֱӱԼֲһꪷųƷİ˲նȥ
䣡
ꪷһ޴Ǽһ˲䣬ͱȭİ˲˺ѿ
ԶԶģ˷·𿴵Ϲ䣬ڽսĿֲ
Щѧͨģսġ
أ
ƷһȭȻȭֱӺԶ֮УԶǰĽֽͬһ㱻õĺ飬һ˲
ۣ
ԶһѪ˳ֻоؿڶҪƷһȭ䴩
ͬһݺݵĳźȥ
䣡
汻ҳһ޴ޱȵĿնɲΡ
ͻ֮Ȼôǿ
Զ֮˸Ų˼âƷԭܺĲ£ڲŹ˶ʱ䣬ոͻƣһȭ򱬡
Ҫ֪ʱսԶԶѰ컯۷壬Ѱ컯۷ֻʮж֪Ʒʱжôľˡ
Ȫ̤
ʱ֮ϴ˳Ʒޱȵһż̤˳ȥ˿ֲһţӳĻȪˮһӼ̤Զϡ
ʱش֮Զﻹܹ赲ˣһӾͱС
أ
Զڼֲסձķѿ
˿һĻɵõһͻ֮ĳƷֻжѣԶ
֣ԶʬװɽͼĿռ֮УƷһϰķҲһ˵ٶɢ
ƷҲһһͻƣ䵽˿컯صĵز
⼸ΧƷһսҲĻ
ԶΧ۵Ķɢ֪ƷʱҩѹٱֲսȴҲûһ˸ǰ
һ£


2002 ô
ڵһھԮӸϵս֮ϵʱ򣬲ŷսȻѾˡ
ǵģˣ
ʱЩڵĴʮָӣǼҴҵͨ͵ٸΪ˾ˣ˭֪õϢȻսѾˡ
Ѿȫ˵ˣ
ԭҲֻϣƷܹһʱ䣬㹻ľԮʱ䣬ǷûֱͨңɽĴ󣬿ͨңɽĴͻˡ
ΪȻĻңƺĻҲ̫гңɽѾ˳һأرеĶ⴫ľ͵ǿԼɹпܡ
Щ̫ϳŵĸ֣Ҳ컯һͷȫ·ʱЧȻʮ־˵ġ
Ǽˣϣûһս
ǾɥǾͷ֣սʤߣȻǳƷΪǸ
ǵ˾ͽ˽սľ֮һʱ䣬Ȼ֪˵ʲô
Ʒս̿ˮ졣
Щĸ˰ΧȦҪԸƷ˭֪Ʒˡ
ƷһʼͱֳսֻЩͱˣƷһҲˡ
ƫƫʾ˶ΪڼӰѾܸɵƷʱһһƷɵ
ϬĲַڻһ־޵ĸо
ȻƷһĲĿĺܣӦòǵһַˡ
Ĳͬ˾ͽ뵽ǣƷ֮ǰҲ֪йʲôľֱΧΧȻҲһˣҲôݵĿˡ
콾ǿǬԪȻ˵ǸִսҲ٣ǻҲŻߵıӻҲֱΧĳ֮С
ǾˣԭЩ콾ĥѾ㹻ˣ˾ͽҲӹģԭʲô⣬Ǻͱֵ˾޵ĳƷһȣƺУ̵ľͷֳ˸¡
Ʒݺڲûеֻ֮дκ֮һϵӵܡ
ݣȻòʲô̫ıӻƷһ·սҪ鵽ҲԲ鵽ֻû֪ƷõĴоʲôѡ
ƷõѧǷڵĴУǴκ֮иɵѧֻ߽ȷǵ׽ɵѧĶ֪ʲô߽֮£߽֮ϡ
Ȼÿܹͷ콾϶಻Ϊ֪ܣԼϾкܶ಻ڷڵĴУڷڵĴеԴҲԴǰһĴУΪԭ˷ڵĴС
ȣƷϵԶеˡ
ΣƷǷڵĵӣҾ֮Ѿ˾
ƷڵľԮӵʱȻͲµڿ϶ĸ־ԮԳʱ򣬳ƷлмָжΪʲôԭ򣬵Ƿ¶Ȼӹɵġ
ȻһʼҲûָڵľԮܽİΣڱ˵ϡ
ĵԼ֪Ǳȴ֪Եڵĸַ糾ͷٸ֧ԮʱлЩ
֮ǰΪҲԸ⺷Ȼ˶飬ֻǶ˵ǵΪ˷ڵδ
ЩŷõԴӵеȨҲڷڵǿ֮ϣǵһҲͬɳ֮ϵĳǱ׾ٵľͻɢ
лλ̫ϳǧԮ
Ʒֵ
û£Ҳͷˣ˾ͽܿ˼Ҳͻת˹Ц˵ǸһľϲҲȫһܴľϲ
˾ͽ̫ϳҲǷ׷׿ųƷǺ֮ܶǰûŹƷ顣
Щ̫ϳһչضʮ꣬õʱ䣬ΪͻƣⱾǷǳ顣
˭֪һαչس֮ڣȻðһš
ǻûиʲôϡͿľͱǰˡ
ڲͷһοƷˣȻƷѾϢΪոͻƣǻһЩϢʱʱ
ǽֻй¶һЩϢмļµĸо
˶֪ǰˣδڸǿıϡ
˴˵ĵطҵȻȥ˵
˾ͽɨһܣ˵ĳЩΧҷڵ֮£ôˣǺΪ֮


2003 ˷۱
ԶΧ۵Ķɢޣи̽ӣɵúһ˾ͽĿɨǵϵʱ򣬼ֱ׹ߡ
˶˾ͽھЩ֮ǰΧƷЩھԲưոݡ
˶ף̬ܸЩһЩɫԺ˭Ὣڷ
۷ڿǴĻʳʮ֮һԼصĵӶûа취άôԺ˭Ὣڷ
ǼдƵѪǣһƺƴ֯˴ĸΧƷȻƷɱ
ʧԳƵ˽ˣ
ڿ϶Ҳưոݣ仰˵ǻҪٷ֮ı
ʲô͵ʴף͵ʴף
˷۱
ǵûɱƷƷȻս֮ͻˡ
ֱûˣ
ô컯߶εĸΧһ˾Ȼʧܣ˶ףս󣬳ƷһսҪ£ͬЩˣܺᲢۡ
ͬ콾֮ϣǱ˴֮Ѿһʱ
콾֮ϵ콾˵ͬʱԿôĸ֣һնɱЩ콾ʵЩ콾ܹ߶ˡ
˵ԭЩ뷨ô˾ͽĵЩ뷨Ҳʧˡ
Ȼ˾ͽ֣˵ӰΪ˾ͽʵҲǵһ֮һ
ʱЩҲκβóƷˣֻ˾ͽһڴˣǶ롣
ţ
Ʒ˵ͷȷʵ㣬ȥ˵
˺ܿȥƬ֮ʧӰ١
ڶ֮ϵһսҲĻ
ЩΧ۵Ķ֮ϵҲ׷뿪սѾʬ׶ƷߣҪˮ㶼ûĿܡ
ңɽΧżִ㵵飬սǼ˹һ㡣
δ֮ͬУȻܹǿزЩǶֵ컯߶εĸ׾ٵ¾
֪Ҫ£ƷѶԽԽˣҪ£ƷѶһ
ΪƷѩ̿һΣ³Ʒ飬վ˽顣
ҳƷնɱǬԪȻ̫һϵ񣬶˵ĺôˡ
ңɽƵһ֮ϣĿ䣬Բڵһж۵ס
ԱߣŮϪ
£û뵽ƷȻĳɹɱʵ̫ˣû뵽Ȼ֮ǰģչҩģǸˣϪȻż־̾顣
Ϊͬ콾콾Ҳ˿𣬵ΪŸЩΧƷĸֵĿ£κһֻߡ
ƷȻܹɹɱܳƷõʲôʤʤܾǰܣûôĽںɡ
ûпˣϪ֮ǰ±ԳƷǳģ˽ƷĻǿ£
Ҳľ֮
ֻǲÿɷĵ˵ͷȻ˵˼굹ûпˣ
˶֮󣬳ֵһµⷿһľ֮˼꣬Ҳ˹ؼʱ򣬲ܱ鵢ˣ
ϪЦЦݣ´ãһûĴأڿҲµУԿµΪڵµ콾֮ҲһģڳƷˣ
޵¶˼䵭ЦݣڣҪΪǿһֻǽڣǳƷȻѡδ˭˵ŮӲУ˭˵㲻ԳԽǳƷ
ǸƷе˼ܺܶ࣬ΣֻҪ˼갴̵ļƻͰУܳԽ
ϪһƺǼ˳ĺʤһ㣬֮Ҳѿ˼ǼǸǳƷҲԲ˼䡣
ϣܹ׵µһƬģϪЦ˵
ֻҪоͿˣǸ쿪ˣΪϣҪһεĻᣬһԼӦףԣƺ뵽ʲôһˣҪȥһˣǰѰһЩģһ֮ǰңɽдͳͳرգеķ򿪣˭һ
ŵ
Ϫ˵ͷҲңɽĲͬңɽͷСȴҲֻǿųһ˵ˣûгǸصסңɽ


2004 콾һƷ
սĻһĿսۼ˵֮˵ߡ
ڶ֮Ϣ֮죬ûйãѾиָϢ
Ѹײڶ֮Ƴ˷ɢ
ͬڣһÿһ㲻ڶ֮ϣӵ൱
ľңҲΪ֮ǰ뺣һս˶ҵĵ̣ȻĽҰˣںľݵ
ȻҲģڶ֮ϣһûһǺĶ֣ǿͬĻʳҲάڽͳΣܽԼĴ붫
ͬһ컯أ컯أ컯أ컯۷ĸּˡ
ǺεȺȻ顣
ݣԺɨ֮ϵһһһ
Ȼȴ赭д˳Ʒͬһ콾ԶΪһ컯۷ĸֶ˳Ʒ
һս춯أ
ԶսǽһĻĻ۵ףȥ֮󣬿ڿഫƷҲһҹ֮䣬ڶ֮ϴ
˶֪ڴĻʳ֮ڣȻһǴ
˵ڴĻʳȻ֮УָǴĸҲߡ
νǴȫȫѹͬˣͬǬԪǰֻͬˡ
ǬԪֻ֮ͬеͷ򣬶ƷԲͬѹͬ޵Уûκζ֡
Ļʳ֮оȻǴĻʳˣȻһӥɣ˳ɳҵ˵ֻǻǸ
ľ֣شֵ̫֮ҫˣֻ¿۵˲һʱӿɾˣ
ɳţʲôʵ̫ˣ
ƷһսĿɿڴǻһЩĴǣ˵ƷܷɳΪ¶Ĵȴһδ֪
𶫺֮ȵõϢĸƷսɵĺ䶯ʵǰѾʼˡ
ΪǰǳƷնɱǬԪһ졣
콾ϻ֣˵ֻѰ콾䣬֮ĺ䶯
ȻȴĿǰһǬԪ
Թ˵ĹעҲڵһϣӵڶһĿĳ̶ȼҲδرȵһǬԪ
ȻǬԪԴӳҲٵΣѣҲδܹնɱ
ͻȻ콾ϵһʧˣʱȻ󲨡
һڱչأ콾Ǽ˲䶼оĸо
ϾǬԪȻǵľֺ׷ϵĿ꣬ȻǬԪǵıˣһǬԪô仰˵Ҳо޴Σա
һʱ䣬Σ
ǲܹͬɱǬԪǾֻһֿܣĳЩĳϹﲻĳˣͬһλϵĴھȻԽԳƷ֡
ǺεȺȻ飡
гƷǬԪ˵һ᲻ֵǡ
һʱ䣬Ļ̡̻
ͷһ⡣
ǬԪĻأȥĶˣôĿǬԪˣ
һʱ䣬¼ӵ콾ʼж˶֪һˡ
ֲϮɱȫңǽұĴ̫ӵĸɸɾ
һ˼ɵ䱳Ĵ̫ӵĻôһȻ
һδǳпܵǻΪִƴĻʳȻĴڡ
˵֮Ҳ̫ӷŭϧһд۽ҳ
֮У籩Ѿ̫ξעˣϾǬԪǴĻʳĹ塣
Ȼ˺䶯֮һֿս콾֮ϣǾǳƷ
һʱ䣬콾ϵ֣˶ɵ۾ֻоԼ۾϶ǳ⣬콾ϵһȻǳƷ϶Ѿȥ˰콾
ʲôһȻǳƷѾô˵ͬͬգ
˶϶Ʒƾݾ콾Ѿû֣ǲܹ㡣
ʵǺݺݵһơ
ôɺϣðһͬͬյţһųƷˣ
ĵ˵ĸʱƷĸʻҪС˲˼顣
ѵܰɣѾȥܾôǬԪ֮ǰ᲻йϵ˲ɵò²


2005 º䶯
ԭô룬ǵǰǬԪѶڣƷǡôĿս콾һλãһеһУ̫ɺˡ
ʵǲɳƷʵ
е˿Կ콾񣬵ǲ˿Ϊ콾һѵ콾ô
ԭ˶ΪǬԪĳһҪϹУųƷս콾һǷ֣бĿԡ
ǳƷɱǬԪĻôһҲȻˣԭ벻ͨ飬Ҳˡ
ǬԪƷԹ˵൱˶֪
˫˴֮䣬޲ýԷ֮ء
ǬԪĻΪʲôûа취û취㹻ãҲ˺Ľ͡
㷢ӢΪԼĵѡ֪˸࣬ƫƫƷ˼δ򣬶ǬԪҲͱļҪȢ˼ꡣ
˫ײ˵ǲɱ顣
̨֮ϳƷնɱǬԪôһҲ˺Ľͣңɽֻ»û˸ΥԸ
˵ԭ⻹ֻǲ²ĻôܿӶ֮ϴϢѾ֤ʵ²⣬ȴȻǱĳƷնɱǬԪ֮¡
ԭ˶ʱȻ򣬹ȻҲΨˣܹóƷնɱǬԪ
˸ǾѾ϶£ƷȻܹϮɱǬԪս콾һ
ʱ便˺εȵС
콾ĿɿڴҪֻ֪һǬԪѾѹƵǴܹǬԪȼ˶ûС
ǬԪͳͳսܣ޷ֶܹõѣƷȻܹܣǺɱǬԪⱾѾ㹻޷ˡ
˵ԽԽϸڱ¶˲֪ǬԪͷβһϷ綼ûռȫ˳Ʒƿ֮С
󱻳Ʒ׾ٵıƳеĵ֮նɱ
ƷӵȫѹǬԪʵҲӹɵġ
ܿ죬˲ŷ֣ľսȣƷնɱǬԪҲͲʲôˡ
ԸıƷȻǹƥЩɱնɱʮ컯ϵľ֡
һ콾Զ˵ֱʧһ˵ϣֱӶϲ㣬һ֮ҲҲһܹ
뺷ս˶ɵˣڿһһ
ǴȻһ֮г
콾֪Ϣ֮סһӵʱ䣬޷š
Ǽֱ޷Ҳһ˵ٶȷٽʱ򣬳ƷôģȻܹȫȫԽǡ
ǳԽһΣȫȫѹˡ
ԳƷչֳʵû鱨Ϣ˵ĳƷ̷ĵҩҲ׾ٵѹǡ
ڳƷ֮콾ϵ콾֣ҲܴĹƷ
һӾһ±Ƶĸо⻹ô棬ȫһ֮ϡ
ǬԪͬǬԪǿȻȴ׷ϵϣǿƷֵزȴѾܹ
ǴѾ˵һУ
Ϣ֮˶ڹעЩ콾ķӦЩ콾ҲǸвͬ˴ƺʧȥ˶־еڳĬƬ֮½˱չ״̬
еǴЦƿЦԷֱ棡
콾вͬҲ֪һγƷ飬ĽǸ̼ˡ
һҹ֮䣬Ʒ£ʱ¼䣬ﻹ˸СƷǣҲ˵ƷûгɳΡ
δȫɳ۷ĳƷѾӵо¾ôĸ֣һȫɳ»ᾡͬ˵Ĺâ
һʱ콾ıϵĽˣӨӨ֮㲻ˣ
һɵøп˵ƺ뵽ľ콾ѹͬĳ
¾ԲʹưոݣƷ¾ôĸ֣Щôưոݣ
ھűΧǺǵģҪµĺ䶯ˣ
һʱ䣬۷׷ף˶ڿŸķӦǷڣ̽̽Ϣ֮ء
۷׷֮ʣǿе̣ƷȴѾϢķ˱̩ǡ
̩Ρĳǽ£һ޴ޱȵľӪϡ
һ°ɫ۵Ӱ̤Ŷݹ⣬Ȼ֮䣬ѾһģüĿֶ̬֮꣬мϺȡ
ڣˣ
Ὺڵ


2006 죬ǵأҾ
һƬǽľӪƷüüͷΪ￴ʵ̫Ծˡ
ѻҲѪ͸ڵ֮ϣ·һһӪ
ԭ̩ؾľӪ֮Ҳģ˵Ǿ̺ʰԶӪˡ
ҲǱ˹ӣأԶһƤ޵
Щ¼ڣԼߣѵҪү㲻ɣ
Ʒ̧ͷȥȴһȺڵľʿĳһУŲĵžӪǵıһ۵ֳһЩʿ
ȾŹģ
ʱһӳеľʿݺݵĿӣŭ
ӭľͷļӣǸӹЦǵľѾˣ˵㣬Щб¾ͷñүǶ
Ǹһ޼ɵӣƺҲû￴Ӫ
ҸǣҾ죬ǵأ
ôĿ
أڴʱһ̧ͷһǸӻЩɻ˾ġ
Щʿڶݵ֮󣬼̾˷
ǡǸӻûüƿڴЩʿѾΪ
Ǿˣ
̫ˣҾ˵ô
˶ʱϲ⣬ĺӾȻĿᣬȻƷʮּ
ʲôȻԴӪصأƷЦţ˲Ѿ˵ǰ
Ǹ˶ʱ񣬲ܿͻع֮¶ֺ飺ǳƷôѾǬԪү£ѾȨˣ
ǬԪƷüͷ΢֮¶ŭ˲ɢӪƿ֮УʱŭգԶʿŰֻǰѣǸзЩ˽ҵļū޼ɵʰЩԶĽʿ֪ԶĽʿĥʬҲǲݲӵһߣʽЩȻƷ۾
ҺôĵӣƷѹԼ̺ŭ𼸺һ˲Ҫ
˵ʱʱ죬Ʒһ֣һ֮Уͷ˳ֱɢӪ֮Уһ˲䣬ٵӰֱһӴӾӪ֮ץ˳Щ˶ҵķΣȫץ˳ϲҽš
ʱӪµཫʿЩûиʲô˫֮лмã
һ˲䣬Щ˾Ѿֱץ˳ֱͳͳҵ˾ӪϷ֮ϡ

ֲҽڶ˷Ʒͷų֮ûнһӵ
ЩȻҵľΪҲǿ龳ĸ֣ƷǬĸ֣ǳƷһ֮С
ǵҲ۵Ŀ̹ģǵķҲһ˲ͳͳɢûбɢҲûа취⡣
ңԶ󽫾ƷˣڿʼԶҵָӣȫ͵ؽɢϢӳϵľ˧ʿᣡ
Ʒϸ߿գӪ
Ǿˣ
̫ˣǵĿѽˣ
ôŻ
һڽʿסһ֮󣬶ʱȫ䶯ˣˡ
ʱ䣬̫̫ĥڳƷȥ֮Ǿʹԭľ˱˵Ҳʲô˶۸һš
ҸǳƷĵˣǬԪԶ֮Ӫ±ĥĲ
˵ӶҪĥˣǴĻʳϿľͣǸߡ
Ļʳרŵ׷ɱԸЩӵľʿûа취Ҳûпѡ
οǲֻСӵǱߣҲֵһڻҵѣǣˡ
ʹǸûбѡֻ˳ܡ
ڳƷ˵֮
ʲôˣȻô
أԶ̩ڣһŭһ˲䣬һɫۣ׷ͯյ߳ԶӪϷ
̫ϳϣƷ׷ͯյߣһ˲жϳݣɢķױϣƭˡ
Ϸ㡭ǳƷ׷ͯյ߿˳Ʒʱ򣬵ʱ֮¶˼־顣
̩Ѿһʱ䣬֮ǰҲֻǵõϢԭԶľԶ󽫾ƷѾ䣬ǰ֣˭֪Ȼֿ˳Ʒ


2007 һɱ컯ȫ
Ǳܵıͫ΢΢ΪҵҪǰԶУԶƬײ
ȻΪԶǴĻʳ֮ڵľӣͬԴñֶν¾
ֻþְ취ĥŲǶ̶ʱ䣬Ѿ֮һԶĽʿĥ
νǳɾȻȥʣµ֮Ҳڽİʱ֮бĥǸʱԶȫս壬ñǲ±ǰ䡣
һжķǳ˻һѾûͷ˵ԶҲᣬֽһ֧ƿԼС
νǽԴϲ
ͬʱҲǾˣңǳƷˣҲҪˣкͳƷйϵģͳͳҪܵͷ
ȻҲû뵽ȻܹƷǱܵľߣΪ˳Ʒ֮ǰڲԺա
֣ټڰвӦµľ壬㱻Ʒߣɱ̶֣֮һλϵĴˣ³ƷҪӳˡ
Ϊҵ̫ϳϣ֪һЩģΪˣԿƷһ˲䣬ķӦҪߡ
ֻһѰ̫ϳϣΪҲǳ컯ѣܹ¾Щ̸ֵĳƷ
ƷҲôãڸݱĵԶѾ˻ָ֮УѾûָȨˣϷҪеְλ
ҵ̫ϳ׳ŵ˵
ԶǬԪָӣƷЦ飬֮ɱȴı䡣ʲôȻҲкԳ͢йĹԶ֮һ
ƷһɨصʬĿġ
ǶǶԳ͢йĽʿûУȻЩС˵ҸǬԪ㻹ûеõϢɣǬԪҵϣƷЦ˵ҾҪеǣһܣ
Ǹҵ̫ϳϵһӦǲܣǬԪȻ޵УǸܱͬ˻ܣǴûй顣
ǬԪҲʮʱ䣬Լ޵е
ǴʱȴӳƷϸоһּΣյĸоĸо̾תߡ
ǬԪǲѾ˳ƷϣǴʱƷȻѾˣ߲ƣͳƷӲӲ
ƷϷһܵ
ҵ̫ϳϴһȻξȻųķȥ
ɲǼ䣬Ѿӳϰٹ˲ʧ֮С
ߣƷЦһûнҪߵ̫ϳϷǰ
ȴƷһ֣һ׵糤ƾճ֣Ȼ·һһ㳯ҵ̫ϳϵķ׷ȥ
ͣ
ҵ̫ϳϸܣԱ㱻׵糤߶Ȼ׵糤һ;ɽͼĿռ֮С
һзٶʵ̫ˣʯ֮䣬ڱ̩֮гư˰ҵ̫ϳϣѾ˳ƷС
һеıҲñ̩ڸĸһʱ䣬оˡ
ƷոջعչЩɵޱȵĸӡ
ԭ̩Ѿ˳ƷأͳƷйϵжھеĽʿ⵽ҵȺ
ƷԭҲ⵽żӲѡ
ڳռģ߾ҵ߾ǺйϵĻ޷ڱ̩֮㡣
ڣƷѸײڶ֮նɱǸҵ̫ϳ֮˶ˣɵˡ
ǿ컯̫ϳϰκһǾͷս֮ϣܹıֲսֵĿֲڡ
Դ̫ϳ̩УûܹҡĵλȻڣһֲĴڣѾһɱ
ȻŹƷĴȴҲͷһƷʱ׷ɫ䡣
ǳƷôôȴлҪֲʮ
ղ˵ģǬԪϢǼ٣
ҾӦϢϾϢҲѲ֤ҵĸαһ紵ݶĻӦҲǺױ˵ĲԵĻҲֻΪ˵Ц
ҾҲǣ»һ׶༪ˣ
ô죬Ʒôݶ϶ŹҵȣҪôźã
ߣߣߣߣ˵زܾ


2008 ң̫ӵһ
˻ϲǣڱ̩ڣкйϵʱνĻ̻̣֮෴ģԭƷıȴޱܡ
ԭ̩ڵѾƷһˣƷԵЩͷߵȻܼ棬Ѿˡ
ʣµ׽ƷƷйϵڳƷѾϢ֮Ǿͳ˾֮񣬻һɽҵѾսˡ
ǷӦʱ䣡
ʱ֮УżֻܹӲĵزˡ
ҵ֧֮£ЩŸָϵڲʳű̩еĸ档
Ʒķչͽĺֲϴͻ뵽һƬ˵Щɱһա
ϾǵĴڣ弴ͻҲֻСģĲӣһĵطԴ˶ûʲô취߽Ҳٸִݹȵ岿ӡ
һԶĵطӵʱ򣬾ûʲôôˡ
ʱ䣬̩Ѿ˸߾ǳ֮Уٵһ漰ҲޱȵӴҷӦѸٽӹܱ̩ǺԶҲԲֻΪͳƷ֮ĶԹ
ڣ˳ͷ֮գ
һʱ䣬̩һƬɹ֪ʲôƽЩԭ߸ϵĴͬһ㣬æųȥ
ЩѾȲͼɳȥǾҪɳȥһ˲䣬ǳ֮еĽ粻֪ʲôʱѾſͬһ֩ЩӬӪ֮ȫ޽С
һ֧֧Υ˵ľ̤Ĳɱ˳УѸٽӹ˳ǷȻЩʿϼвȫϴϣǷ·һҹ֮䣬ǵľͱ˻
һɱıˡ
Щʿ˰ŭһ˲䣬׵׵ͷ˳
ЩƽѹһѺ֣һ˾ԶĶ֣Ƕ̶һʱ֮ڣͱ¾
ЩҵĸͼֿϽ
Ʒ㲻ú
һǱģ
Źǵģ

ϽеĶף޷ıǱ¾ʵ
һ֮󣬳д˷ķĻЩһ˲ٴ۰һ顣
̤Ѫ̤˱̩ǣ١
һƣɽˮ·˼ɾһĵط
Ӱڶţսڰ·׷ɣɱĲֺ
һˣǷ˾ͽһˣһ°ɫۣ׷ͯգһ㡣
֪µˣҲֻ»һȴǱˣδ·ķϯ̫ϳϳԪ
Ϊ̫ϳ֮ףڷڵĵλ˾ͽڼ֮ϡ
Ʒ̩ˣ
ԪĵºӣȻ󿪿˵
ȻˣĳȴҲֶΣ˾ͽһ°ӣڴ£ƺ֡
ڳƷһֱ鱨ѼȻƷǷڵĵӣԽǿسƷ鱨ѼҲԽٲˡ
ԷڵĳȻܽӴĻҵһߵС
ôõŭҲҪйһεĲ֣Ҳˣ˾ͽ˵
ƷʵһգԶڵĶϣ
ճһƬ䶯
뵽֮ǰƷǬԪɱˣȻ𾪣ȴҲˣЩ˼ûǬԪһָͷҪ
˾ͽʣѾҸϻȥˣһҪǽͣΪʲôԶΧƷ֮УߺߣЩ̫꣬ӵıӣټΪǬԪţδ𲻳⣬ֳ飬浱Ƿʰһң
˾ͽ֮мֲм飬Ȼ˿ѾȻǶڷ˵һƾĶѡ
ڴĻʳ֪֪꣬ʶ٣ۿ¥ۿ۱ͣۿ¥ˡ
Ƿʮŵ̬¼α任ʮԶԶǴĻʳ߲㡣
һң̫ӵһѣǰһġ
Ҳ̫δкܴܳΪһмֹ˼ɣĻκһӶǰ
Ҳ޼ɵԷڡ
һΣҪҸۣҲǾˣǷڵĴۣˣ
˾ͽ䵭˵


2009 ԳƷ
Ԫ˵ˣֻ³ƷԹҵȲչԶԶǬԪ֣֮
㲻Թ֮ô
˾ͽȻһЦ˵ʲôµģ˵ĻǾҿˣ˾ͽδ۹
ԪЦЦҲ˶֪Ʒһ˼ң׾ڱԼĲֻûѡڱﲻԽķʽԼĻع顣
ϾԩͷծԶֵҲǷڡ
ʵϣǼɵڣҪԶֻҪԶΪΣյսһξܽԶ¾ɸɾԼԶ֡
˾ͽ飬ͻףҪԼˣǾΨпԼκ˶סˣҲûκμֵˣô
˾ͽƽ˵ȻƷ᲻ڶԶķߣվףҲȻ顣
ʵҲǵµ
ֻлţֳ㹻ļֵܹ÷࿴һˣ𣬾ʲôˡ
򲻽ԳƷҲһ޶ڷޣǷϵĻʳĴ֮һһҲǺһ޶Ҳֻĳʷ˵е
ܿ죬Ӱͻɢ
ɢ
ԣ෢ƢҲͽ˶ѣ˾ͽ˵Ҳ׵ĻҲ˼ˣ
ôϯôԪڵ
Ҫ
˾ͽüͷһأֱӿ˵
һǲֻϯӲпλãԪҲ˾ͽ뷨ˡ
һ˵һ½˳˹㣬һΪ˶֮еٮٮ߲пܳΪ
ȴһģǾ֮ϯӣھһ̶ȵ֮пܳΪġ
һΪȷˣδӰˡ
ԭӦɻΪһҲʮ֮ɵΪиһķչ֮
Ȼ˾ͽ½ڵĴСиɣԼ˳㣬ȫͻƣﵽϵľ硣
˾ͽĶȻ֮⡣
ԭڽӰ˵λãҸɣʵѡڣҾóƷʣ˾ͽĿƣ
ԪȻΪʲô˾ͽͻȻı⣬ԭƷȻֵļΪޣȴҲûбǿϸ࣬ɶľӪϯӵλøٹ̣Ʒʱڲܶҡɵĵλ
ȻѾ˷츲صı仯ƷնɱǬԪһչֳԼĸǴʵһ콾ԶڳƷϡ
ɣƷ츳ԸǿʵѾ˦Σδɳ֮ǰ;лʶǿС
ǷѾкܶ궼ûгˡ
ƷƺҷڲûжٹУҲԸֽϯӵľ
Ԫüͷ΢뵽鱨ϵķ
ƷӰڿʼһֱϵ֮⣬ԺԼˣرĲࡣ
ǿģѵҪȥȥǸҵļɣ˾ͽһЦҺܶʱҪĴڣ壡
ɣҪɳܹ֮ڵĴС飬ԸƷҷڴߵĸ߶ȣ
˾ͽ
ԪʱҲˣ˾ͽǽƷһ壬ƳƷ츳ţѰĴڣֱǱġ
óƷϣΪʵĵ·
ƷҪĹֻҪͣУҲΪǿǿһڴĻʳżʡ
ЩǳԶĹ滮Ƚȥں飬Ҫӳ飡˾ͽ̫ξķͣӦҲ쵽˰ɣһӦò⣬ӣҿҲöԷԸģϾǵĳƷ϶Ĺŵӹ俤ĿһľλûУһЦ
ɾһһˣԪ룬ɵøƴЦ
ǬԪǳƷɲΨһһĴô
ڷϯ̫ϳйسƷʱ򣬱̩УƷ˧֮ϡ


2010 ʲôɱҲɱˣ
ƷǰȳƺͳƯڰ֮УԼԼɢһ㷨Ĳ
ԭۿɼҲһ˵ٶȺת
ӳƷϣɢԴԴϵ֮Ƭ̣ͽ˵
лʦ֣
ȳΪӾͻƣ¶˼־ϲӵ顣
Ʒǽһָ֮ȬΪһֱͻƵǬ
һٽΪڵ洫ӣȻĿǰĳƷ˵ǬʲôȻѰ˵Ϊڵ洫ӣͻƵǬȻǴ롣
ΪųɾŵⱲӶͻƵǬ
ȳԭҲʮ֮ڣлǬѣǸʱѾˣ˽꣬ҲûʲôһĿˡ
ڳƷ֮ͣͰʵ˱ʤ룬ôʱ䣬лߵľ磬˵Ϸ컯
ţƷ˵ͷȳͻƣȻİȳƱĻۺ͵Ҳ൱ģܹһͻơ
漴Ŀת˳ţȳȣŵƸһЩҲûãѾָ˸߰˰ˡ
˵ƶսµģȻҲŶ֣ȴ׾ٵԾǲμս
ûгƷȻԶʵ൱񣬵ûи򣬼ʧء
һսϵȻӹɣ׾ٵ˺һս󣬸ıֲս۵ʤ
ûгƷ򣬼սԶѾʧأıԱûУӵȥò˶ãԶķžͿԴӴĻʳ֮бƳˡ
ȳƺͳҲս֮бشЩɥû˳ƷɽԶ֮еĵλ֪
۾ʱŷ֣ȬΪǱһأȻֱӿ˶龳ʡȥʮϵĿޡ
漴ͺܵȻˣ˳ƷܵⲻȻѡ
һʱ֮ڣͱȥˣȫչأһڵĹĻͻǺ£Ʒ
Ʒǽľ֮һСҩָ˶ѣǵΪȳƷԶȻ׵ľͻͻƣǳţûʮżľ֮һͻƵ˶龳֮ڿǬֻǵжѡ
һʱ֮ڣѵԶҪԶս»ָʲôӣƷ˵
ʦ֣Ǳ߿²ưոݰɣ
ȳЩĵĿųƷͳ߲ͬǴĻʳҵĿ£ĸѾ˵һУһܹõĸֵġ
Ȼڷ˵Ҳʲô˵ȴȻ
ڳƷЩҵɱһ컯ĸ֣ԹɽĴˡ
ʲôǬԪɱˣһ컯̫ϳʲôƷ˵
ȳƺͳŻסޱȵ飬ǬԪ֮ͬͷ֮󣬼ǳߣţ֪ﵽʲôĵزˡ
˵Ʒһϵ׷һֱͷӰǳƷǬԪ֮ĶԹ˵½֪
˫ȻһĹϵ£ͻȻһǱ֪ǬԪѾ˳Ʒϣ֪ĺ䶯
ȳϾͷӦ˹ͳżųƷܲͬȳϾʶˣΪʲôƷѹҷǲмһˡ
ƷǽǬԪն°Ȼ֪ƷôģȻѾֵ÷з½֪ǱھӪ֮еȴ֪
Ȼȴ֪ڶ콾̬ȣƷܹնɱǬԪǬԪΪµһ콾ڿ϶Ʒ
˵ˣʮżȻҲ÷ڳƷ
Ʒ˵ǬԪɱˣһҵ̫ϳʲôء
뵽оԼ඼Ҫˡ
֪ӽ쿪ʼƷ϶Ҫһɳ죬ԭǸп޵ĴڣڼΪδҲȫ
ֻҪδûзƷزĴ£δƷض¾ĸ֮һû֮һ
ЩȻҲܹһ˵õȮ죬ѾܹıõĽ֡
ͷپӣҵѹȻԸƷƽ˵


2011 Զ
ƷԶĲ״ȻҲ֪ڲΪһѾȥ˾ͺҴ֣ĻھԵС
ţȫͬˣȻĿж
ҲǶһˣ
ƷԺ֮ͷ
ڳƷ·ر̩ǣ̩֮ҵĸ֮˶ڿĳƷĳ᲻ͷ
˶۾ǣĻʳһĻƺûпһ㣬ƺѾⱳĵ⽣Ӱ
죬ĻʳĴ֪ͨڵˣ˶û뵽ǣһԴʥּƷǵû£෴ģΪնɱ壬аħֵĹͣ򹦽ΪԶ
Ϊһ֮ΨһĴڣ
һ֮еһǬԪǬԪѾ˳ƷϣԱΪԶĳƷͳһ֮Ψһĺһ֮ϡ
һʱ䣬Ȼ󲨣Ļʳ֮ж˾޴ĺ䶯
˵Ҳ˽ϣջּ⣬ȻҲܹҡ־뷷ƷΪԶּ⻹·
һʱ䣬ƷͷΪһ֮Ψһķڡ
Ҫ֪Ȼһ콾˵ѣЩ콾ϵ콾ֻҪ䣬δǰ϶顣
ľҾôγɵģһһӵܲϵķۻͻʮ־ˡ
ǾֻͬǬԪһ֮ϣһѾʮ˲õ顣
ϾҪҪɲֻǹ㹻䱳Ҫпܡ
ǬԪɹνһʱ̫һϵڲϵǬԪķ
ڣƷ䱳Ҳӹɣһ֪Ƿڡ
ԷʮŵʵҪһ˷ûʲôѶȣڷ̫֮ϳҲоλġ
ۣƷսҲʵʵģնɱкܶ컯߶εĸ֣Ѱնɱ㹻ĹͷˣƷ֮ͬǰնɱ̵ĸڣһ¾ϰ컯߶εĸ֣һݹͼֱ춯أ˵һ֮޵Уһĸ֮УһҫҲǷǳġ
Щ컯߶εĸ֣ƽﶼһͷһۣ֪ƿŶٵв׾ۼ
ҲԳƷܹЩƽһĶ־ۼһ
ⱾѰ˸Ⱦ˵ôĸְΧһǼֱ·ܹӵһѾǳף˵ҪɱЩ¾Ǽֱܵ顣
ǳƷлˣ˶Ҫ䣡
Ҫ̫ˣҲ˵ЩֻгƷпõ飬˵ȸ
붼룡
Ƶ̫ϳϣһɱ컯ֶûгƷս֮ɱһĶࡣ
ôͷƷȻҲ˳µ顣
ϢɲֻҪƷΪԶҪƷΪһֺ򣬺̫һϵƴֵա
ֻϢѾ㹻ˡ
һֺͬԶֺ򣬷֮еٮٮߣĿֺֻʮ֮һһ˵ֻ󹦲пܻһֺ
ִ󲿷ֵһֺ϶ǿʱڲģֺܹᲢ۵ġ
ȻδԸǽֻʸѾǲˣƷᣬȻֺ򣬵δȴкܴϣΪһֺ
뵽ٿƷĿ⣬ѾԭȫͬƷʱǱɣΪѾȫȫչֳԼ츳
Ʒķرڱ̩ǣǳ׽̩Ƿ˳ƷԴ֮󣬱̩е棬Ʒһ롣
ϸˮһһĲƸΪ֮Ķ
̩һƬڣԶ¸ʿ񣬳Ʒǿƻع飬һΪǱ𣬷ǵûб͢෴ģΪԶӴһԾΪ塣
ŲʥּģԶıӡ۷֮⣬óƷְʥּ
ֻǺ֮ǰΪԶ󽫾ʱǰ̫ξְͬһΣ֮󣬳ƷҪǰʶְ
뵽Լµľ֮һǳƷѾֹˮҲɵмּ˷ܡ
յʥּ֮󣬳Ʒûе飬̶ôǰʶְ


2012 Ʒķڷ
һνְͬһγƷʶʱ򣬲ʱĳƷҲֻһѰ콾콾϶ŲϺš
ضĳЩȦ֮⣬󲿷˶ԳƷȤ
ȻһΣƷְĵһʱ䣬ƷϢѾ˻ʶ
⼸죬νǷͷ
콾¸֮󣬳ƷսΪ콾һ˻㲻ƷƾʲôܹսΪ콾һʱһϢ
Ʒնɱԭ콾һǬԪ
һʱ䣬»Ȼʶ԰ĵطΪƷľս𾪡
ʱƣϢƷԶԶֻǻɱǬԪô򵥶ѡ
ڸΧ֮Уɹնɱһգһ콾Ҳ˳Ʒϡ
νţһ֪
ǳƷΪԶմĻʳһĹĴ£Ҫʾ˾¶Ĺͣпܷƾ˼顣
ҲǴ̫µɣй÷
ЩҴ壬ŴɵĵմӵܣҪҲʵʵĹͣŲᱻ顣
ƷҲع⣬һʱ䲻֪Ϲ˶˵۾նɱɻϱЩǿߣ漰壬壬аħȵȴС
һ֣һֽд꣬ÿһ֣£ڴĻʳ˵˵Ѫծۣϲ֪жٴĻʳӵܵѪ
ǬԪʱҲս֮ƾž񲿶ӣм֮л˵ȵȰնɱ˼컯ĸ֣򹦱Ϊ
еĹȻҲֻǿﵽı׼Ѱ˷⵹ҲˣǬԪµ콾һˣĹֻ˵ǿǿ
ʱҺ̫ӵıݻ֮£Ҳû˸˵ԣϾôҲǴﵽ˷ӲԱ׼
Ͼ˭֪ⱳ̫ӵ־̫Լܳ棬ȴҪǬԪһΪ˲ţġ
ƷͬǬԪ֮ڶģȻзڵϵͷɶʵʵġ
Ǻܶ඼컯أ컯۷ľ֡
ĸһսϣɾֲսתһڴĻʳǣ͢񾭡
һ˶ڳƷûʸѾûɣϾս˵Ѿ˾ųɵƷǿˡ
˵һγƷսʱû˿ЩɵĻôڶ֮һƷһ֮ЩΧĸ¾Ŀ֮¡
һն񣬾óƷûʡ
Щ֮УȻҲٲ˻ɳƷҲĻʳ˵ǬԪԶһ֮еٮٮߣڶڳƷϡ
ɣԼֵĳƷûʸѾˡ
˵ȴվסţϾ˶ɵӣ˶ףƷǹ̨֮նɱǬԪⱾǹ顣
֮ԶͬаħΧƷҲͰˣǻţֻвٳҪѡ
Ѿͻ˺ܶеĵߡ
ǳƷҲ벻ڻʶ֮УѾķз
ͨʶĵһʱ䣬ܹо̾ڻʶ֮ϵһ˽Ӵ󣬸ӿˡ
һ˽ô̵ʱ֮ھͱøǿˣΪʱ֮ͻͽĽ
ڻʶ֮УΪԽߣҲԽյһ˽ѹơ
Щаħĸʶֻ»ᱻ˽һƹ侳硣
ͨ˷£о˽Ĵڡ
ΪһȻܹо˽ĴڣһӴ˽̾ڻʶ֮ϣֻצץڻʶĸ䣬޴ͷѲķ·ڶԿʲô˲õĴһ
ƷдĻʳ䷢Զӡ緣һ˲䣬ӡϷ˵Ľ⣬ԭѹ˽ѹʧӰ١
ƷҲǲŷִĻʳ䷢ӡ緾ȻĹܣΪĻʳϵڵѫ󣬳ƷʹĻʳȻһپһ裬˽ԼҲ
ǰӦĹԱ֮£Ʒһ˴ĻʳĻʹһȥʹĳǽߴ֮ߣֱ̻Իͣһֻ̻ĸо
΢֪һ£ܹ֪һɹɿֲޱȵϢͬһ̾ڻʹ֮УҲ֪жٸ֣ʤ
¸Ϊܼĵط


2013 
û֪ʳ֮о˶ٸ֣ڶٴݷС
Ʒܹоڻʹ֮еĿռڣ֪жٵĴοռС
Щοռ֮Ҳ֪жٸݷϵĸ־Ѿľ
ʱ򣬴Щοռ֮ͻȻðٸ֣ðʮľ񲿶ӣƷһ㶼֡
֤֮󣬳ƷһСŵĴ֮£˻ʳ֮ڣټĻʳֻ֮кСһǻʼҵĻʹʣµĻǳ͢ŵİ칫
λ½ԶƷүɣ
ʳ֮ûжãԶһݹ˸Ʒһһ¹۷ģӡ
룬òãȻǻ¹٣ȴûһ˿һ֮
κǸΪƷ·Сżӣʱæ˵
ƷʱҲ֪˵ˣӦþǵߵ̫ͷ죬κ
κ˵ڵǻӵʱ򣬾ѾߣǻҲʹ֮Ȩ֮һ
֮ơ
Ȼκᾭ֣ǺʣҲǵȨ֮һ
ƷںĵκȨƣԼԼܹоκǵķȻصĺܺãǻóƷżв
һ˿ķֻƷһָоǱɲ⡣
κƺ˳ƷĿ⣬üͷ΢΢һ¶˼ֵȻЦݡ
κ񣡡Ʒ׵
үˣźү֣һȻ棡κӼҷǰӭӺүȥ
κˣ
Ʒ˵ͷ
ү
κ˵ţ漴תŻʹȥ
Ĵ֮£ƷͨĽ˻ʹ
ڣƷκ̤˴֮Уֻһ۵Ӱˡ
Զ޵һμ㣬Ȼһ˲ţ
תƷſһԼĪʮҵӣüĿݿʣԴһϡ
Ʒ˵ݣƿߴĻʳˣ
΢Ʒ
Ʒһֻȭǰһ
һƵκͬͬһѰһ㣬ȻƣȴоκεΪ
ƷȻΪûΪȻΪܾƷҲûа취֪ĵز
˫Ĳ̫󣬲ͬһ֮ϡ
ϴμĳͬϢ󺣣һ֪һ֣¼Ϊɲȴ·һڼҵ˧һ˼ġ
񣬴
˵ͷ
Ʒڴϵл£
Ц˵ͷҲö룬ţ챾Ҳ߸еϺ͹̫ξѾ˶ԹˣȻѾŹ֣ȴͷһμ㣬࣬һ꽫ҴĻʳ˶㾡ľǱˣ
Ʒͷԣ֪ĿʲôֻܺЦ˵л¿佱΢ҵ
ҵͻȻƷЦЦ˵֪Զνǵ죬ûʲôǲҵİɣҲ˵ɱɱˣ
Ʒʱͷһ֪ĹؼҪˣȻ̨֮ϽǬԪնɱΪӾͿԽȥǿɾʹشˡ
ǿڣ˵£Ȼ΢ɱ˻̨֮ϣνȭۣҲ⣬΢ȫһľ΢ˣ
ֻǵĿųƷȻ˵֪ʵǿһģº̨֮ɱЩΪܹùô
ڣڲϵȻƷ޴ѹ
Ȼ̨֮ϣˣҲ޻˵ĹͣΪһֺҲǴ´ֺֻ࣬Ҳ޶Сʹ룡漴˵ȻûҪΪǬԪֻһ뷨ǺεƿصĻʳƷǬԪô۾
΢ף
Ʒ˵һֺֺûʲôȤΨϵ׷
ʱ䣬޵ǰ߶Ҫɱ㣬Ҫ㣬ǣ׷վӣ㵹ӣҪɱҲգҪҲգ޶ģֻΪ۹˶ٹͣ޵˼ף


2014 ְϣ
Ʒʱ˼վĸ߶ȣһ˵ͲҪ
ǬԪôͷ
УȴǲֵһᣬǬԪ콾һ콾ֻ²١
˵ʧȥǬԪնδϣԶҲһƷնɱδϣ˴ûˡ
˶ϴδٳһܵ콾콾ҪҲʮ֮ˡ
ټԶǬԪĶдҲ˵ҽ֮ڶȱͷˣûа취ỰȨ
˵Ȼʹ飡
Ȼ˵ڴĻʳ˵ҲʲôǴĻʳʷ˸Ⱥ֮һ
ڳ͢£ӿҪɱƷҪ˫Ĳɿֲֻ̫ߣԳƷҲоеˡ
˼Ȼм̵˼ϾƷ̨ϽǬԪնɱ̨֮ϣȭۣ˽֪
˵ֻҪƷϵΪ۹㹻Ĺ֮ͣǰһСʧֵһᡣ
ƷҲףǬԪϣԼҲĽѵΪһССԶ󽫾ͷ۹ô
Ȼǲܵ飡
ȻܲпᣬȴҲʵ
óƷеĶ־һҪվ¼Ķֵ֮Уκ˶ûа취ƿ
΢ףƷ˵ͷ
Ʒͷĵ˵ͷܺãԶ޺ڴδΪ۹ºͣ㲻ֺδһֺǷ⹫޲ɣֻҪ
ƷϿǿţȻɽ¶ˮȴӴ۹ƿߣֻжԼžԵģŲȺ߸ϣȺ͡
ˣˣ޳ռ㣬Ҳ뿴۹һûʧ
˵֮꣬ǰͬһκͻȻ˳ƷǰȻһơ
Ʒκ߳ɵЩ㱣ӱˣ
漴һЦҲ߸ѡ
£ΣʥӴΣةΪٹ֮ף̫ξȺ֮ۡ
´¶ԷΪ洦ΪԶ̵ֿ㣬̫ξӦͽйˣҲѾóҰϿɡ
һֻ߸ˡ
Ҿ͵ˣףԶǰƽκƷͳ֮󣬱㹰˵Ȼת֮С
ܿ죬καûӰУʧ١
ƷҲͣȺСŵĴ֮£Ʒֱ뿪˻ʳǡ
Уص˵ڵκվһߡ
˵˵ʲôˣƲһκ˵
£ڳ⳼֮£ǹأκ
ûϵ˵ģ˰֡
κ˶٣˵ӸѼ鱨ԶȻĺɱϣȴһ֮ˣҰ֮
϶һĵ󶾣Цյ·ҲܹһʼϷûܣ
ܻǬԪżȻĸֱǬԪҪĶˣǬԪ׷һ츳ȴһЩӬӪ֮£壬̹֮£Ϊ֪Ϊ̫ӱӱû£ʵشЩǵߣһ̤Ԩ𽥱䣬漴̾һţҲڸΣ
дߣд󵣵ǬԪ̫ʧˣ˵ţҡҡͷƺмᣬмֿϧ
ƷΣҪ۲죬ԣУ
Ʒ֪ڣκ˵ǬԪˡ
֪ˣҲں
ְ֮Ѿʽĵ۹ԶλȨء
ҵļҲƽƽӾλ˵Ѿǿƽƽˡ
Ʒûڻʶ뿪ʳ֮󲻾ãƷѾͨ󣬻ص˱̩ǣѾ˳ƷķأҲΪƷĹϵΪԶǡ
ƷصԶǲ֪ȥ֮󲻾ãйʩ̤ŴǰԭظˣպĹ½˸Ľ
һеһжѾ̤죬Զ֮еҲѾˣӽһԼˡ
е˻ǺܿܣԵıʾӭΪӭᷴԵЩˣѾɾˡ
ƷոշԶӪͱ֪пȴĻع顣


2015 ƾ㣿Ҳвң
Ʒ˧֮ڣһµڳƷִӣԼĪʮ£ģһֹ
ǰº֪үΪ£Ʒǰӣ˵
ĻʳУȻףкܶżҫһʱЩֻҪԸΪĻʳЧշѡ
οĻʳô֪꣬ж˷ҪǴĻʳľλǴﵽ⹫ĳ̶ȣ򲢲Ϯ棬ĻֶǺˡ
ˣĻʳ֮з߻Ǻܶ࣬ƷҲÿһʶʵϣ󲿷ֶʶ
ͷ֮䣬ҲرƳƷ㣬ԾԵʵ̵ʱ֮㹻Ĺձģÿһ֮жֻмܹ
νǷëǣ󲿷˶ǳھзۣۻͣΪͺʷ
˵ͬǷǺǰºȣƷͷĿȫͬһϡ
ƷǺܿһЩڰºϣȻǷҲϢ
оºȼ䣬º㣬ҳھзۣ򹦻º
ƽ
һȻСºƽ棬ܹߣ֮ͬٮٮеٮٮߡ
ڳƷǰͲˡ
үǴ̫ǰģºųƷ˵
̫ӣƷüһأ֮˸Ĺâ˭֪ǬԪ̫ĸ
ƷնɱǬԪʱ̫һϵѾС
ЩǣºȻͶ̫ӣǬԪ̫һĵϵĸͬȻºǺͶ̫ӡ
ȻɵλӹӴɣ໥Ⱥ𶦣ʤ֮˲ܳΪһε
Ʋ̫ӣֵܽõľ֮£ҲԵòôͻڴ˸ѡôע
Һ̫ӵĹϵذºӦò᲻֪ɣ̫ӵĸڻҵ̫ĪģƷֿһЦ
Ȼǣ
ҡҡͷȻ֮ǰúү̫ᣬ̫ػ㣬ͺүƽЩֻҪүԸΪ̫Ч֮ǰһУһʹ
ƷŰº㣬һĨЦݣɵҡҡͷȻ̫ӵ棬Ѿܹܶණˡ
̱Ѷ
ǬԪΪĸΪô飬ڸûã̫ӾҪǬԪǰͷ
Ҫʿģȴ԰ԵŶϣΪ԰óƷˣհǰ˺󣬶֮
ѹռ̫ӵλ;д֣ȴֵܽòĳս
Ȿǵ²λļ
Ϊ̫Ѿƣ˵ĲһԸӵĵزز޷סֵܽá
ˣҲշƷ
ֱڿЦ
ү˵ĻǾذɣƷҡҡͷ˵
˵ʲôסˣƺû뵽ƷȻôܾˡ
Ҫ֪̫һϵǶôӴ󣬼һγǬԪ̺飬԰ƽ֪Ҫ̫һûʸ
˾ܾŶԣҲΪʲô̫ŵʱȲľʹӦˡ
οƷ̫ӣ̫ӱʾ̣ѵӦ˸߲ҵͶ̫ӵӪô
ѵ˵ĻôƷ˵
үҪˣүڷڣ̫ӵŭǰֻҲס㣡漴˵
֮лмɻ󣬾õ鱨ƷҲѾͶӣĻ̫ҲͲǰƷˡ
飬óƷĺЦȻǷ˵۽̫ԶˣҲȫͬ
˵Ͷ̫ӣΪ˲ȡõδȻڳƷ˵ҪʲôҪͶ˭á
вңƷЦһ
ҲôΪ̫ӵĺ⣬˭ܾܾģ˵
Ļ䣬͸оԼһֻɵֱһץסĲԽԽǯץסĲ
͵ΪԼҪֱʱȴƷ͵һ˦֣˲ɳ˧֮⡣
ƾ㣿Ҳвңʲôȥ̫ӣûȤλ֮ұգһ㣡ƷĮ˵ңǻ֮˵ɣ


2016 Ҿ͸һĽѵ
ʱľδ֮־ŭʱŶȻ֣ȻͳƷһǷ
ʵϣ˴֮ĵλ
һֱղűƷһֲֻףΪʲôֻͨķƷĿ½֪ľ콾
ʵͨ˿ȻǿѾǬ۷壬ȻڳƷǰȴ˲һ
һҫĹͣľλ̫һϵıӣǰЩʮֵι̡
ȴƷ׾ٵĻ
֮ԵģƷǿ󣬲ǵ۹ķΪǷڵĵӣΪ콾һԴǿ
ֻԴڱǿ󣬲˭᲻ߵǿ
Ŷ̫ӵ̫֮ͣӵĻ˿ΥƷ˵̫ӾͲ̫ӡ
Ц֮ǰΪƷǿƣΪűзڵ֧֣ףƷǿԴǿ
Ȼǣʶ֪ƷǿǿȻȴûа취
һʼ·ߴˣ
뵽Ȼ֮л־ŭȴҲٺͳƷֻۣǶݺݵ˵ߣŰɣ
˵̤꣬Ŷݹ⣬ҲƵ뿪˾Ӫ
Ҳǵ۹ķ
뿪֮˧ھͶˣȳƺͳš
ǱӣֻǲмƲƲ졣
Աߣȳǳ˳ҲЩӣ֪ô˵Ϊĵ۹
ڱΪԱȶĳƷǲģ۹ôķУܺͳƷȼļֱëǡ
ÿ˶ǿʵģǰ㹻ʣĥ㹻Ĺ֮󣬲ŵԷ
ţԺɱѧҪԼʵӣƷЦһȻղŵĳͻ
үӵĻǾͺ̫һϵȫ˺ˣȳЩĵ˵
Ʒ˰֣˺˺ڻӻŮȺ¹Ҫϵλʤδ֣óȻĳһΪлӻŮж̫Ӻ͵лӻŮеĲ𣬲Ҷ˵ʲô˰ɣ
ȳžǹŻ˵̫һϵȴû̫ӵ֣ҲΪӴ
һ̫ܱȵҪĺðɣ
ң̫ҪԸôףѰ컯һжס̫컯ĸ֣鷳Ҳˣ鷳Ҿ͸һĽѵƷ˵
̫ΣȨı˽˽ǸɴͶĻӻŮŸ˵
Ҫ̫ǵ鷳ҪԼʵֻҪ㹻ʵô̫ӼǲҲֻܱţƷЦһ
ͷһ֦
ʶ֮ڡ
һצ۷Ӷ֮ϣӢԼ֮䣬Ȼֵơ
ô˵ģ˵
̫ӵ£ƷŰ裬ѹûн·ԣ̫ӵҪ͵̫ӵµǻ֮˵ɣ
վ׶ˣæ˵
ôĵӣƷ
̫һķ֣ȻֱӴı顣
£ǳƷɱ˻ڸǽµĺ޶ãʰô»Ҳ°㿴һ̫ӣ˵
̫ޱ𺣬·ܹγˮһ㣬֮滺ʱǶʱոɱ˻Ŀʱ򣬷ڸϷأ붯ôף
ҸղŸѾҽȥѵһ٣ϴλ̣年飬Ѿøʺܲڲʺ϶֣̫ҡҡͷ̫λÿƷޣȻʵȴڻҩϡ
һǿƵĸʣһֵܽõΧ׷½ء
һСģͿ̽䣬Ͳ
Ѱ֮У϶ǰľţڻ֮УʾȻΪƽӹֱЦ
죬ȵ콾ս֮ʰ̫˵
˸ղűʽйȥѵ̫СֻһЩӬӪ֮£ʱʲô
һƷѣΣȥ콾սһȦõһҪʰƷкѣʱԻ콾һʲôҪķǳƷҰĲĻӻŮ̫ӵ˶Щõܵܺǣʲô紵ݶһʱң
ŵ



2017 һʱ䣬콾䶯
콾¸£ƷսһȡԭǬԪλãգۼ䣬Ѿȥһʱ䡣
ʱͬ׾Թ϶ҴҶš
һʱ䣬Ѿ㹻˶ϰˣ콾ϵһ֣ǬԪ˳Ʒ
ںܶо·һʼǸλϵ־ǳƷǬԪ
ĸо΢û˾ʲôԵģһʱ֮У˶ѾϿ˳Ʒʵ
ȷʵгΪµһʸ
ͬǬԪǬԪµһʱսܹǬԪսϰٻغϣٻغϵĸ֡
ǬԪȻԸǿȴ߱ѹԵơ
ȻƷͬǿ󣬼˶Ϊ֮ݣ
ٺԶ±õ֮󣬳ƷܿʹԶս֮ϣֻͨѪ֮һ֧Ӳܹɳ
ƷǺεΪΪս֮ϣѾǴɱ˵޵еĴڡ
Խ컯ĸ֣Ĵڣ˫ǼΪľ֣в׳֡
֮սЩ˲׳֣컯Ѿݺս
Ѱ컯ĸֶԼıѧ˵Ƿǳɱ˳Ʒȴûʲôô
ûãͱƷնɱ˴ĸ֣巽𶯡
콾ҪɱƷͬʱ֤Լʵ
ȴƷһ
Ҫ֪ǬԪսǧвߵ콾
֮УżΪԺյһʵǲΪ֮ǣǽȴƷһ
һս˶ʶ˳Ʒʵ콾֮䣬˱ϵĲࡣ
й壬컯أ컯۷ĸݣѰ콾ˣҲ·һ
ǳƷȴɱһĸ֮ȫˡ
Ʒͷϵǰʱ֮УͽԼִӴĻʳȫ硣
ˣڳƷ콾һλãûκɡ
ϲǲϲ˶óϣƷʵ޿ɡ
ڰ֮ǰһγ֮󣬳ƷѾа궼ûٳֹˡ
֮УƷȻ󲨣ҲƽϢҲѾı仯Ͼһʱ㹻ƽϢܶ˵ļˡ
콾ϣ˵ʵͻͽЩǰ콾ǣеٶȸǿĲ˼顣
һǰƷս콾һ̼̫̫ˣһʱ֮У콾˸Ӽ׿С
콾ϣ˵ʵͻͽܹóֻһʱ䣬ǰʮЩ콾ϵ콾ʵѾձ컯صʵ
Ϊˣǰʮ콾䣬ͻȻһʧ콾ϣɲͬڵƷʧʱ
º󶼴Щ콾ڵʵϢЩ콾ΪڶʱΪһͻͽĽرؾ֮Уȴؾ֮С
һʱ䣬˻Ȼ
ʱ˲ʼЩҪɳҪĴۣԶԶѰ˵
ֻܹЩɹߣȴûпЩɹ֮⣬Ϊ֮·ϡ
֮·ν۰׹̾Ͷɡ
Щ֮Уһ˵һ֮зȻı仯ǱһǰͳƷһ˼ꡣ
ԭ콾ĵ˼꣬һʱ֮ڣΪȻͻƵ컯أѹһͷչֳ˾˵츳
ǻǰǰ飡
ˣ˼ȴֻŵ콾ڶ콾һǳƷ
ֻڳƷս֮ϣȻɲꡣ
ƺǳƷܹķ콾ûа취Ʒʵ
ǳƷ֮ǰս̫뺷һ콾ֻһλöЩȡ
ǳƷǿ󣬶˼Ϊ̫ˣ
һϢңɽ֮д˳Ǿǹ俤˼ȻǷʣȻ֪ʲôʣѾȷǷɡ
һʱ䣬𾪣ʣǰѵһʡ
Ҫ֪ǬԪǷʾѾλ콾һ˼ȴǷʣȻ˵ãǺͷȣʵ̫Զˡ
ʱ򣬲ڻȻΪʲôһ°ĳȻ˼ŵˡ
Ҫ֪νĹŵӿһӣе²ӡ
˼Ϊͻͽ͸˺Ľ͡
Ƿʣô콾ʵ콾ҲȻ顣


2018 ˼ʵĿͽ
ʣ
ĸ֣Ѿ㹻˳׷ˣ
Ҫ֪ǷʣѾǵɼʣзʵˣֻҪ̤֮·еǳĹδĳɾҲ޿ġ
˵Ƿˣ
ֹʣֻҪ˳ɳؽǸǴĴڡ
⣬Ƕ⣬һʱ䣬еĿⶼתңɽ֮е˼ϡ
˿ʼ²⣬ƷʵΪ˼ȣ˭ʤ˭
콾ϣƷһ˼ڶӵҫһʱķɡ
Ȼ˶֪˹ϵͬһ㣬δ޵ĹϵȻǵס˵Ĳ²⡣
ǣ˶֪Ʒһܹȫ㣬ڳƷ˺εȾ磬֪
֮ǰƷս콾һλ֮ϣΪ׾ٵĻɱǬԪݵʱƷչֳս㡣
ʱĳƷӦ컯صսڣ˼ҲѾ컯أͳƷ֮便˭ǿ
ʵΪƷʵ̫ǿˣԱ콾Ҫǿϲֹһ˸ûа취ͳƷᲢۡ
Ҳڣ˼˶ϣܹͳƷһϸµڳˡ
ǰҲǰδе飬Ͼǰŷ콾һǿģ콾ڶǲ콾һ
ӹɵġ
ڳƷ֮ʵ˵Ҳͳһš
˶֪Ʒ˼֮䣬ǿ
ۣһֱһ죬콾ϣ˼ļ¼͵һӷ˱仯˼ľ컯أ˲컯ء
ڹעˣһסˣ˭û뵽˼ľȻô̵ʱͻͽĽ
ȫȫ˦˰֣˵ѹͬҲǲΪ
ھǵǬԪֻҲ˼Ķˡ
˶ɵˣ˼Ľٶ̫ˣֵķ̫̫ˣûʲôԲοȽϵĶ
ֻǺͷʱʵĽٶ̫ˡ
Ѿ¶еˣÿһ콾ҲһЩӵзʣѾ콾֮еٮٮߣڷʣ޷ˡ
һЩƵǿ߸ǿĿɿڴӵٶȣֻò꣬ͿԳԽ컯ԺЩϹᲢˡ
ǷʵٶôѹϹ䣬ЩߴŲʮ꣬͵پ
ѹҪΪŵӣĵӣﻹҪĵӣĵӣһĿˣ
һϹָп
°ٶȥδʶµһҲûпܣ
ôĻ˼ӦѾԽ˳Ʒս˰ɣ
˺ܿ˼Ϊٶȸһ֮лعԭһϱĻ⣬ٶȱˡ
˼ʵƷȣ˭ǿһЩ
˵ԭһЩĻ˼ڿ컯أֳ֧Ʒ˼ˡ
ǶڳƷģʵǱȫ˼꣬Ҳûˡ
ǿ컯ذ
콾ܴϢЩ콾ǬԪʱ򣬶ûǷϵ˼ǬԪʵǸǿǻܹӴķΧ֮ڡ
˼ΪѾȫ˦δʱƣ˼ʵֻԽԽ죬쵽Ƕ׷ϵĵز
ƷǴľлҪǿϾƷʵ̫أ˻ܹͽҵĿռ䡣
˼ʵʵʵ컯أսΣֻ˵磬Ӧһһˡ
Ҫ׷ƽһ콾ϵ콾
дţҪ˼¼ʼҵ֮УҫͬʱҲǴ˼Ͽɡ
һʱ䣬ӿ˶ʵǵ˼סĿ꣬ڳƷĹעҲ͵ʷ͵ĵز
ԶǣԶ֮ڣһͥԺ֮УƷʯ֮ϣĿԶ
Ա߲ԶȳԱߡ
үһöҩѾȷʵ˿У
ȳƹ˵
ţ֪ˣ
Ʒ˵ͷʵϣڿ콾ϵı仯ʱ򣬾Ѿ֪ˡ
ΪȳƸ˼ȥģǱģתϽ𵤡
תϽֻܷһΣƷ֮ǰս̵޵ʱѾùһΣûʲôô
Ƕ˼˵ȴõģһʱ֮УƷͨ򱦸Ѽ˸ҩģɹٶƳһöתϽ𵤡
ƷһʱȳƸ˼ȥ


2019 ̨ĳƷ
תϽ𵤵ҩ˵ֻҪ͵˼ϣ˼ΪٽһͲʲô¡
Щ˻Ϊ˼ҪԽ컯Ҫʱ䣬Ȼȴǵ͹תϽ𵤵ҩ
ͳƷͬƷǽתϽ𵤵սĵ֮һÿһεʹñȻżΪѵսȻΪºҲһԾ˵󲿷ֵҩս֮˷ѵˡ
ϱƷյҩֻתϽҩļ֮һʮ֮һѡ
ҲǳƷΪźĵط˼겻ͬǳƷ㣬Ҫپս
ȫȫתϽ𵤵ҩȫɾ
ЧȻҲǳƷܱȵģճƷĹƣͻƵ컯أֻ˼ո̷תϽ𵤶ѣò˶ãܹͻƵ컯۷壬컯۷塣
ܲܳ컯۷壬ֱӹϵ˼ܲܳԽ컯컯۷ζ컯Ѿе˴Բľ硣
һе컯۷壬˳һ㾳Ļ
ҲΪʲôƷӵԭ򣬰ճƷĹǣ£˼ܹȫ컯۷塣
ǸʱֻҪȹΪò˺ܾãܹһԽ컯
ٶȣڳ˿ѾǾףǲ˼漣ڳƷⱾȻ飬ﲻǲǹ¡
˼걾Ƿʣʣ˵ǵĵزټг֧֣Ѱѵһĵرȫš
ǳƷҪѰĵر취Ѱ㹻ԴǷҲû취ԳƷز
Ϊڵĵңɽ֮еֻ˼һֵ֧ȵȻͬն
֮ǰóƷΪһľ֮ҲֻǳΪ˼׼ĵر֮еĳһˡ
˵еԴ˼궼ȱٶ˲ˡ
Ʒ˼ȻκαתϽ֮󣬾ȳƽתϽ𵤸˼ȥ
תϽһȥģгƷԺ֮еʵļͻʼս֮Ϲ컯ͳԽ컯еһЩĵúЩͿʡȥʮʱ䡣
ǧۼֵֻתϽ֮ϣתϽ֮¡
˵֮а׶ξеҪںܶУЩļֵʮöתϽĶҪ
ϾתϽ˾ˣȻ԰˵ΪһȴһԵƷ
ЩܹԴԴϵһ컯Խ컯ĸ֡
ֱֵ޷
ͬʱƷ֪һ͸˼ֻ֮»Ҫ䵽ϣж˼꿴֮Խ
ֻн֮һļֵŻᱻǳƷ˼궼û
ƷҲǽ˻ڸл˼չˣԭƷڳԹԣΪҪ˼֮£ʹóƷǬԪϣǰ֪˶ٴսʤ
ǳ˼չȴǲ۲۵ģ˵²ĵرҲǴġ
ƷȻɿ˳ۣȴҲòʾ
󳤹ǽԼңɽĸ֣ϽңƷͲˣЩ˵ǳ󣬵ǶڳƷ˵ֵȴۿˡ
ƷԺ֮еʵӴ䣬лʼսľ䣬йڸѾѰ˸޷ĳ̶ȡ
ϾǷʼĸָݽ֮µĸ
ֻҪдͰò˼꣬ƷĴһȷȻ
Ҫ֪ڷչҲ֪˶꣬ƷǻܹչһԱȼٶȼֱ÷ݶΪ
ǳƷȴû̫˼ĿҲΨһǱ̤۷塣
ڶ˼ʵֵ˷зֲɽ֮УȻš
˴ԭһֱڿ˼µһνá
˼ʵѾȷƷʵ̫أɴһζûгֹȫԶ֮УչԶ֮еľá
һʱ֮УԶǵľԭĻϣһΪ˸ı֮еĵһϾ磬ƷӪҵͳеֶԶĻʳ˵һʱ䣬ԶǾѾ̥һı仯


2020 սͻƣ컯۷
һʱ֮УƷûôУڿľӪԼء
֪ܶϢ˻гЦƷֱĿ⡣
£ʵΪ𣬳ƷӪǳؾӪٺΣ
ƷʵϣԶǷַӾͻᱻӶߡ
һʱУȳƶѾȫȶԼΪʼǬأҲѾȫȶס˶龳ΪҲڳߵľ硣
֮ȣƷʱ֮УƺûôУҲúܶ벻ס
ȻֻгƷԼףΪΪѾ컯ص˼Ѿһ֮еĵһ֡
ȻֻгƷԼ֪ս˼֮ϣȻĿǰľ磬ǱȲ˼ġ
һǰƷѾ컯صľ磬Ǹʱ򣬾ѾѰ컯صĸ֮ϡ
һʱ䣬ƳƷûôУȻʵڲϵڵľ֮Ƿֵһľ֮ȳƺͳŵΪˣ۳Ʒˡ
ľ֮Ĵ߶֮£ƷǰΪѾ컯۷壬һֱѹԼΪ
ǵģ˶ڷԼľʱֻгƷѹԼΪ
ʱĳƷͬһڻδıڲϵĥԼĽ档
ϵķ컯ĴͬʱڴĹÿҪͻƵļ󣬾ͱѹȥٲϵĴѹȥ
Ĵ򣬲ϵѹƣ
֪жôѣͺһҪ緢ĻɽѹȥһεѹȥֻһΣǺܶΡ
ÿѹȥһΣܹоԼսǿһ֣ͬ£ÿһεĴһ֡
ƷһУΪڣ
䣡
Ʒڣʲô˿ķȫȫڶɲǼ䣬Ѿԭľ硣
ƷϲɫԱߵȳƶûвƷڽŷ츲صɱ䡣
Ϊһж˳£˳ˮ۵ľˡ
Ʒ֮Уķڣڵջʱ
ƷľûͻƣֻһЩɶսȴ˷츲صı仯ԭ컯۷壬һٳ컯۷塣
Ϊ˼ʵڳƷ֮ϣΨгƷԼ֪µһ
ĹϵȻ໥ȥνµһͷ泳ٴҲΡȻ
ƷͻƵ컯أǰͿˣһֱûнͻƣΪͻ֮սȻһѰ컯۷嶼Ķ֣ͻƣս컯ľ֮У޷һ
ͬ׼Ѿɣ֮ãڣʱͻˡ
һͻ֮սҲȫԽ컯ﵽһ硣
λ
컯֮ϵľ磬е磬Ѿ˵¾ĸ֣ѾԺЩϹƽƽˡ
һȫµľ磬Ʒһֱûаսͻƣ˲ͬеʼĳƷλ˽ʮֵ̣ԽЩϹ֡
ҲΪˣ˰ʱûżͻơ
λ֮ǰǬ컯УУȻλǲͬԳһ磬Լ죬Լ־
λ˼
ĸ֣ʵ֮ǿ컯ܱȵģǬ컯ףУĹϵ֮ж
λͬѾϵʼԼĹȻʼʱ򣬻ܼªƣزᲢۣǴӱ˵ԺزС
һС˾ϰ壬˾ǿ󣬻ܼªԱҲֻϰһˣϰϰ壬ǿҵԱȣҲǽȻͬġ
Ҫ컯ӵпλսֹݱԵģƷ뷨ȥȻᱻ˳֮Ϊӡ
ǳƷǿ뷨һһе˽죬ÿһߵıһҪʮͬʱҲʵٱ
Ѱ˻ᵣıش侳磬ǶڳƷ˵Ǹڵģһ¾磬¾磬ڵĿԡ
ˣȥɣһʱ䣬ҪչأûʲôرҪ飬ҪңƷ˵
ȳһ漴һϲүҪʼˣƷҲУͿĽĲУǸҴţڳƷ¿ʼˡ
Űˣ



2021 컯
ȳ뿪֮󣬳Ʒֱӽɽͼ֮УΨɽͼ֮ڣƷſԷС
ɽͼڣƷƯڰ֮Уһ죬Զҩɽϵϣһö޵һӾͷɵ˳Ʒϡ
һö컯ֵľѪġ
һö֮⣬֮ϻöѾ죬Ʒûժڼɳ
ʱ䣬Ʒնɱ̫컯ĸ֣кܶ඼컯컯۷ǿڣЩ֮ȫϡ
һö֮󣬳Ʒȵķ̾͵õͷţˮһ
һɹɰķϯ˳Ʒ֮еÿһ磬س컯صľϡ
ԭƷʱͻƵ컯أǾʱ䣬Ʒϴͬĥ棬ͬʱҲ컯صϴĥޱȼ̡
һˣͲôΪôˣпⱲӶûа취ϡ
ǶڳƷ˵ҪͻҲףһͻƣֱӳԽ컯ͻƽλ
編һһĳ컯صļ̾磬ȫû˿ͣЪ
һʱκͻƵϣƷûκηֹ꣬ˮЩѾ׼ˡ
ʱƣԭޱȵ컯صľҲ𽥿ʼѷ졣
һһʱŶ
գۼ䣬µʱҴҶ
µʱ֮УƷûгعһΣԶһȻĴейԱеоٴƷĴڣȫһһ㡣
µʱ䣬ƷԴԴĳ컯صϣһһ붼ûͣЪ
أһ˲䣬ԭѾҡҡ׹컯صϳױһɺơ
ƷԭȫѹסķڿƲס˳һɿµϢ׵ͷ˳ͬϯɽͼĿռ䡣
γɿ񳱣Ӱɽͼռ䡣
ҿɽͼĿռ֮УƷͻƵ̾Զе֪ˡ
֮󣬳Ʒϵķ𽥵ƽϢһһı
ƷϵķϢ𽥵ƽȴܹо֮еķȴڲϵ
ͻƵһ˲䣬ƷоԼսһʱƣһ˵ٶ
λƷ¶˼Цݣʱս֮ǰȣֱ˷츲صı仯
ڵ˵һƾͿԴſ֮ǰûͻƵԼ
͵ǬԪսʱսȣͻͽĽʵͿԺɨ
Ҫøַ̽ǬԪĵߺ͵ƣһƾͿֱ
λ컯֮սĲֱ࣬ǶʽĲࡣ
ͬն
һʱ䣬ƷȻһֺĸо֮󣬽Կȥá
սͻƵλ֮֮ͬĲѾһ˵ĵزǰһһϣҲסƷ
콾ϣƷû˿ı䶯ΪɽͼֱϹһֻܺʵʵѼƷ鱨ͬԭǰֻ֪Ʒս
֮£ҲֻԼ֪˴ŻΪ˼Ѿ׳ԽԼ
Ͼֹ£ԭѾ컯ص˼Ѿ׿컯۷壬˵֮ͬһϹֶѾ˼Ķ֡
Ʒܿͽ˼˻漴½е״̬Ҫȡ̵ʱڽҩͳͳɡ
ڴʱԶһ¥֮ڣΧһ֮ڣĴԶȻΪԶڵĲ磬ʵǿʲôء
ΪԶȻǳܻӭļ֮һ
궼ԼĪŶʮ߰ģһһѪ£һƬѪ죬ݰףһֹӢ
һһ£һŹĿ࣬ɢŵϢ
һһͨ꣬һ˲ͬϳ˺룬飬ƴ⬱ϵĴһ㡣
ʸвͬһ⣬Щףһ֪Ѱ
ʮǰԶʱʮ֮һû뵽ԶƷмֶΣ̶ܹһز
Ǹ꿪˵һЦȻмֱ뺷ĸо
طˣȻ˼ŵطǿЦֲĹ٣


2022 һ콾콾Ϯ
˵֮˫֮¶˼
˼ǳأ־͸ô콾ϳˣ
ǸĿĺֻ˵֮ޱߵᡣ
ǷڵصעĶǵĻֻһΣһˣ¾ҲûлˣһѪµ껺˵ƷһԶ˳Ʒϣһβɣǿ¾ͲеڶλᣬԶʵǺȲҵȣҲ࣬˳ƷҵȲòСģ
ǺֻЦһһսѾӰͼΣԶ̫дˣһʼӦ֣ûлµҩƷ·һˣ
콾һɱľ콾һͷֵһƷʯԼ֪ѪаȵһЦ
ְɣһλᣡĿĺ껺˵ǲ콾Ѿ̫õʱ䣬˶Ѿǵ֣ھҪ˿ˣҲֻ˶ѣȣԶأ
˵ʱʱ죬Ѿʧ˰֮ڡ
ͬʱԶϷͻȻһӶһֻѪɫĴ֣ѪɫĴɢž˵ѪȵϢϯԶǡ
һ˲䣬ԶеĸֶһӱʲôһӸ֪һֻѪɫɢĿֲϢ
ʲôˣԶ֮УȳһӷӦ˹̾Զ֮еֽ硣
ڳƷڵʱ򣬾Զķ
䣡
һֻѪɫּһɲǼ䣬ѾԭԶ֮вµĲĽ缸һ˲ͱץơ
ͺֽһַӾͱ˺ѿ
ۣ
ȳһѪ˳һ˲䱻˳ȥ类Ƶķ֮һӾ䵽ϡ
ɲǼ䣬ȳƾ͸оԼ඼ȫѿ⵽ش
컯
ȳƺݺ䵽˵ϣǰһڣʱ֪˵ʵˣ϶컯ϵľֻ֣ǬĻܹ硣
˵˲ɣ
һǬҲͷĳƷ
һֻѪּҪ䵽Զ֮ϵʱأԶӪҲ˲˷Ӧһ޴ޱȵľ긡ԶӪϷ
һ˲䣬·⵽ʲô޴һ㣬ͷһꪳһֻѪնȥ
¡
ꪺѪײ񷶼ھҵĻζ˷˾
˷ڹؼʱһֻѪֱմˣǿֲķֱ֮ش꣬һ͸࣬Ȼ⵽ش

֮УһţһֻѪɫĴٶ֮г֣һʱ䣬ͳžץ˹ȥ
Ȼ޾壬᳤ꪺȥһֻѪɫײһ
˾ķ֣һֱػԶڵľһ˲䱻ץԶʿһ˲׷ѪɲǼͱش
һֻҪӪץʱԶ֮͵һӴһ
ôĵӣ
أǧһ֮ʣԭץ˵ľ˲ֱӸߴϰɣԭĴСһ
޴ޱȵľеĳһնȥ
ͣ
ꪽѪɫһնͬղѪɫ׾ٵĽһ
ֻڣǿ֮Ҳ
һֻѪɫֱ׾ٵն֮һӰ΢΢Щվȣ¶ΣһѪ£а꣬ߣһһµĿꡣ
ƺҲزסΣһӳ˵ǰ
˾ʲôˣȻϮԶǣϮɱԶôҪ֪ԶǾǿǺܽò˶þͻдָ֧Ԯ
⼸ԶǷˣûһк³ģ
˿죬ҿ϶ʲôطˣ
˿֮Ϸŵˣɵ˳˼Ķˡ
أ˺һ뵽ʲôһ㣬󺰵ˣˣһ콾콾ɣ
ˣѹֻѣǶǴĻʳ콾
ԽԽʲôһ콾콾Ϯ˲˵΢΢
Ʒ֮ͬм޵УΨһпһϸµ˼Ҳδޣһս
֮ͬûж֣ȴųƷѾ޵С
һ콾ϵ콾ʣֻ⼸־ĵޱȳġ
츳콾ǣȳƷô꣬ʵֻ޷


2023 ȻżѰұȫ
ôһ˵ȫˣǸֵѪ꣬Ӧþһ콾֮УѪħڵ콾Ѫ°ɣ
Ǹˣһľ콾飡
Ǹ겻Ǵħ¬ô
˵࣬콾Ҳ֮ˮ棬ԽˣԽǸоľսʵΪ֮ǰ̫ʢ
ħ콾֮һ콾սնɱĻʳĸ֣Ȼ˺޵ҧгݡ
ˣκһĻʳؽͣһ¶ټܿͻдĻʳ׷ɱӳ׷ɱһж׳ڴĻʳ֮ڣȴĵĳ֣֪߲ơ
˶ͼϢȥǺܿǾͷʧЧˣƬռ䶼ˣǽϢȥ
ȻϮҲ׼ȻϢҲ˶ʱ䣬˵ӦҲˡ
һԶǧ
࣬۷׷֮ʣǱ۶ɵԶ꿪ʼһͬҽǺ޺ۼԲ˼ĽǶȲȥ
ɫʱһ䣬漴ǴħڵĴ¬һԽԽ󣬾ȻҲϰɸߣȻ͵һԾƴչᣬ˲Զľꡣ
Ǵħڵͨħ
ʩչ֮ͨ󣬾ܱޱȵľ޴󣬶ŹԽԽУħڵĴʼ˱ɹɵľˣ֮
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ײһĿܣ˫ʩչ˼Ϊ˵ѧΪֺѧҪرѡ
ԶϷʱ˷õĽ磬ֻԶǶҪĹ֮»һ
ɲǼ䣬˫ѾʮУرɫ
¬ȻòһԶľꣿʱ¶˼ֳЦݣħڵͨţϧҲˣ
һԵѪɫ΢΢أȻ黰֮⣬Ѱǿɵľ꼸˵˿ǡ
Щаħʿǿҵľ꣬ǿҵѪһ壬ȫķʧڱֱӳⶼǷǳ顣
ͬҪ֪ǿɶ֮ͬеٮٮߣΪɲ⣬Ѱ컯۷嶼ǵĶ֡
̶ֳȵľ꣬ӦøǵĶֲŶԣͬղѪ¿׾ٵĽԶľץ
һս֮ϣǾǾ߸Ǵħͷ죬Ὣһ֧ӵľϡ
ɲҪС꣬Էγɵľ꣬Ҫ֮ѣǾȻܵ˳ƷĲٿأҪԸûôף
Ѫµ˵
ƲƲ죬û˵ȻߣȴҲ˵ԼѪº¬ǿ϶٣ղԶıˣҲ㹻ףеļ̶ֳȡ
Ǿʿʵ廯ĳ֣ǿûǿĸֵ֣ȫ¡
ûжʱ˷ѣ̫ˣ
ᵽǵʱּ֮ɵ飬һǳصסϣֶϣܹͻǵķ۳¡
ֻϧĿǰΪֹҲ취ĸ͵͵Ȼ⣬ҪͻǵķǾȫˡ
սݺᣬԺգΣ޷ͻǵķиƣͽꡣ
ΪˣŶޱȼɵǳƷͷ̫ߣҲԸðա
ֱŪƷһ˫ĿʼѪһֹаȡ
Ʒ㻹Ҿͽȫǵһˣ˵ţ󣬾Ȼֱӻһֻ޴ޱȣϰɸߣͨͭɫľһֻſѪڣ·һڽ춼ˡ
ı壬һģ
˶ʱĻͬЩڵصĳǳأԶǿǱУصĵһߡ
Զ֮еĸ޵Ĵ˵˽ҲԶԶһҪĶࡣ
һ壬սϣҲպա
սϣһͷһĻ֣һ̵ʮ徫Ļʳ
һսһ£ǱƵĴĻʳ˲֮Χһͷڽһͷնɱ
Щָ˹룡
źʱʱţһĳһ̵ĳĳ򣬸Ĵ˵ڶ
ȻżѰұȫ㣡


2024 һȭ
˾֮ʣһӰԶ֮л˳˶һȴǳƷ˭ء
Ʒڿϳˣͷڹô¶̵ЦݣҪȫһȥΪľǽƷƳ
ڹȻԸƷƳˣ
ԳƷʵȻǲòϣƷԱеģƷһҪߣôҪץסƷɾûôˡ
ʱ򼴱㽫ȫǵ¾һʲôء
ǵȫǰƷһмֵ
¶˼ֳЦݣҲΪƷظΪĻͲѡվ
Ʒ̧ͷ˿ǰˣԶԶսϾ¬¶˼ĮЦݡ
棬ȻżҾ·
Ʒ鵭Ȼ
ãããϻ˵ĻƷ˵д˵зʣҲţ˽㣡
ЦһһνͣҪնɱƷϰƷʯջʵ֮⣬ҪǣҲƷһ콾֮Уʵ̫ҫۡ
һ콾ԱȣΪһ콾֮Уû֮Ტۡ
ˣ٣˵ɱˣǼٵģǾͷϴˢ˵ᣬģǾ͸ˣ˵Ҳһּ˵в
콾ڰ壬ɵ콾߱ȱȽǣѹ󱲣ɱǵжԵĴĻʳδ콾Ȿʮ顣
˽ңƾ㲻ɣƷ¶˼ĮЦݡ
ϵӵĮƷϵֻޱȵᡣ
ϻ˵
һȣϱ˿µǵأ˲ͱһͷͨͭɫľͬһͷӺ߳ĸǴһ㡣
ſѪڣԽԽ󣬼Ҫǳض˲չֳһĿʵ
һֻҲǰ
˵ʱ٣ʱ죬Ʒһ˲䣬Ѿ嵽һͷ޴ǰиֳһͨڣͬ޳һĳ
ţһɳĿֲâһ˲˺ѿһУն˺ѿ
˲ͽһеͨƿǷ·ҪһȥĸоûС
ͨƿ֮һɲǼ䣬ʱʶ˲ãƷһ̫죬Ҳ̫ˡ
񣬻δܹ׾ٵһͨƿ
Ҫ֪ͨܶԷʲô书ѧͨͳͳһˣûз⡣
ȻһΣƷֻһͽͨն飬ʱһͻͬʲôֲĴһ㡣
ȫëɵõ·֮бܵһҲ֪Ϊʲôֻλ֮ϵľʱ򣬲Żӿֲĸо
֮ͬ࣬ѪȼɮۣͬȼѪ;ɾ͵ļޡ
һ˵壬ܹ֮֮ȼĶ࣬˵һȻһܸľ޴ѹȸС
֪ΪڳƷ֮У̫ڤ˵Ѫ̺Уǿ̫Ѿʮ֮һĿֲޡ
֮УѾڶѪȻ̫ʮ֮һ̫ڤȣȴǲԶˡ
Ż᱾ܵĸоһֵһĸо
һԴѹƣ
ͨˣƷ䵭˵飬սɱҴĽʿ죬ҾҪͷȥĽʿ

أһſѪڣһŴڼ˲Ҫضȥ
˲ȭ
Ʒָȭһȭȭݻ˰޴ooһ˲һУһѪ˺ѿ
ȭȥƲ˺ѿѪ֮󣬼ɲǼ䣬ֱӺ顣
¡
ʶΪ֮oһӺ֮С
ǰĽһ˲䣬ȫķ顣
ȭȥƲ֮С
ۣ
һѪ屻ƷһȭᴩǾ޴ޱȵͬɽһӴؿڣֱӱһ޴ޱȵĶڣǰᴩ
ôܣ
ֱȫţԼȻһȭ͹ᴩֻһȭѣеȫϡ
޴µʱ򣬱ƷһֻɽͼĿռ֮С


2025 Ѫ
һȭ
ƷһֲΪֵ쾡£
ǿͬ󣬾ȻƷһȭס
˵ڣûзӦƷѾɱ
ԱߣѪħڵѪһ˲䶼ȫȫסˣƷɱٶ̫ˣһ˲䡣
ôܣѪŵ˵Ҫ֪Ϊǿ컯۷弶ĴڣѪ˵Ѱ컯۷壬ҲĶ֣һ򼸸Ѷȡ
콾ϵ𱻳ƷնɱԶҪǿϲ١
ҲΪʲô֪ƷնɱԶ⼸˶µԭ
ΪϵħҲκεȻƷֻһȭͺɱɲǴǸֻŵҩҩ֮ˡ
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ʱѪ²ʶ˲ãǴʱѾûκ·ܾߣҪǣ¬ԶľסĻѾˡ
ɱΣѪ´һ֮һѪâǣ¶ѩһ˲䣬Ѿˡ
ɢѪצ
˫ֱӳצͬһͷʷǰһ㣬һɲǼ䣬˺ѿ˿ʱеĸֶһָоһצܹ˺Ҳ˺顣
ѪȻо˲ãеȻˣԹأһӳųƷץ˹ȥ
ߣ
ƷҲֱӷһӡ֮ϣһ޴ޱȵɽ
Ǳɽӡ
ɽӡ£͵һ䵽һצ֮ϡ
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˾ֻһ޴ޱȵĺȻֻѪһƺߣ˲䵹˳ϰ֮ϡ
˷׷׽ɨ˳ȥſѪ²ϴŴһ˫Ѫɫ֮ҫź˵ĹâѪҰһ
Ǵʱȴ˵Ǳֱۣڸղŵײ֮УѾֱӱײĶˡ
Ȼڸղŵײ֮У˴
һȻ飬ȻŷӦ˵ѪǿµĴڡ
ֻѪһ˶ԽԶ¾ɾǶڳƷ˵ȴʲôˡ
ˣղųƷŸոպɱһͬԺյ顣
ѪһھѪȼѪɫķգۼ䣬ֱ۾Ѿָˡ
ֻǴʱС˳ƷӸղŵײ·磬˳ƷĿ¡
ֻ֪Ʒôеģʵ̫ˣ˵֮ǰƷնɱԶʱ򻹿˵ҩ
ôڣƷնɱشȴǱ
ԶƷֶƺҲߣѪµĸоΨɲ⡣
ƷЩСˣû뵽Ŷʱ䣬Ȼֽһ
Ѫ˸żΣյϢŭһҲ͵Ϊֹˣ콫ұƵزͷһֻҪܽɱˣϵľѪҵѪħҲٳ߸ͷһǸʱͻƵλҲϷˣ
ϵľѪƷ¶˼ĮЦݣѪµΪȷʵΪ£𱻳ƷնɱԶǿ
Ȼ컯۷壬Ǳ˴֮ĲҲͬǳ⡣
Ͼһˮ׵ļ޺һӾصļ޾Ͳһ£һ󽭵ļ޺һƬ󺣵ļޣȫͬĸ
ȻǼޣȻʵر
ѪǿҲ粻һޣ͸ˡ
Ѫ²֪ƷսѾԽһߣﵽλ֪Ļֻ½ʮӣҲȡƷͷȥǮ
ڴʱѪµϣһɹɿֲѪɫâѾȿµѪµϢȻһȻѾƽǸ硣
ͬʱѪµͷȻֱӰ֮һһ˲ͽһ
Ʒһȼ֮һն㣬Ҳֵˣ
Ѫ´һֻһΣһ˲䣬Ƭ񷶼ѾһƬѪ
Ѫ
ѪŭţʩչĿǰΪӦûûа취ܹʩչһʽͨ
ҰѪǵ֮ƣ֮񷶼塣
Զ˶ʱĻǼоǳһƬѪһεĳֵס
ƷɫȻ·Ѫµһ΢Ϊ֮Ŀһ㡣
һ˲䣬ͶˣǵضѪһΣ֮䣬ѾѪµǰֻ赭дһȭ
䣡
һȭֱӺ䵽ѪµϣѪеķУõĽȫһӱɢ˸Դһ޶


2026 Ʒλ
λ
ѪѪ֮ǰֻð֡
ʱף֮ǰֱǴشǵĹ֮УƷٶȾǰϻҲ컯أ컯۷Ρ
ѵܺᲢ۲ɣ
֮һ컯۷ҲһˣȻȳƷҪǿĶˡ
óƷսڶʱڱǵĵҩȻڣȴҲΪ̫ϾĵҩڷȻ֮ӦҲ̫Ŷԡ
ʵĲ࣬Ʒȷʵû̷ֵҩû뵽ǣƷΪȫͬƷٶȼֱһɴ
ǻΪܹܳƷʱȴƷ׾ٵһȭܡ
ֻ벻ףΪʲôδλĳƷȻܹλս
̫죬ûа취ʾҲ㣬һȭͱɱ
Ʒλľ磬Ƕٻܹ֪һЩģǿµһӦߣ˿Ĵ㡣
Ҳģ
ѪǧԺ֮оֻʣĸ֣
Ʒ֪Ѫµ뷨һȭɱѪ֮Ҳʬһൽ֮ϣϡ
һʱ䣬Զǳ¬Զս֮⣬ȻһƬžûκε
˶Ʒ˵սŵˣֱף
ȻѪ£ͳͳƷһȭס
ӷӦĿˣʱѾ뵽ʲôɵõһ
ĪѾǴ˵еλôսս˵
Զı֮УλҲǴ˵֮еĴ˵һһ컯ĸֽپԳΪǺܾúܾõ̸ʣ˵λǼֱǴ˵֮еĴ˵
ԶѾжûּĴˣ
ڣƺ¿һ˵ĸ֡
ˣˣսôô£
Ҹ˵ľûдﵽλսֻҲλҪ٣
ڳиĸ۷׷׵ʱ򣬸ȴһ±Ƶı飬Ϊǵ۽֮УȻ֪컯֮ϻо硣
ȴ֪ʲô磬˵컯Ѿܹ֪߼ľˡ
ܿ죬϶¶˷ܵ飬ʣЩԶص˵ƷʵԽǿ˵ôҲԽࡣ
ǳƷѵһӢ֮Զܹô̵ʱ֮ڳΪеĺĺٮٮߣΪߵ˰շǳĵͣ˶Ը߾ۼ
ǳصĳѾвֻǰڳƷķڲѣԶһǳȥء
ڣһƷӵλսô¾Ҳ˸ҴԶǵ⡣
Ҳ͸Ӱȫˡ
֮У˶ѾĿ⿴˴ħڵ¬֮ǰһôµĴڡ
Ȼڣȴ֪Ϊʲôǻ¬мֿأ
һޣ
أںԶս¬һսȦغԭһ޶ĴС΢΢ЩӾ˵ͣȻͨеĵȻҲС
ΪϾ컯۷壬ֻƬ֮䣬ľѾָ˸ɸɾ
ǵһѪºƷսû
ΪѪºԻɱƷһǣƶѣ˸ûעһս
ΪڳƷһĶõĲٿ֮£Զľ¼ˣҲֲȥ
һûŵ඼
ԭ飬Ȼ˳Ʒϣǰ󲻹Ƕ̶Ƭ̵ʱ䡣
ѵôҪô̵ʱɱҲǲܵİ
¬²Ѫº飬ȴһ˲˳ϰ
ڳƷĿɨʱֻоԼȫĺëһӵ·ǲһˣһͷƤ̫޸һ㡣
棬ˣȥһɣ
Ʒ¬ֻ׹ߣǱܵģλһоͳԶӶݶȥ
ƷֻĿһ۷ֱһȥ
أ
һ˲䣬ƷһƣȻʹ͸գһ׷¬͵һ¬
漴ͿǵսľһĻƷǿûʲô˲ãֻѰѰһƣȻͽ¬ĵֱӺԶĴС


2027 λ֮½
¬񱻳ƷһĽ˴֮ϣھҵĶϰɸߵĳˡ
˱ҽ˵֮УΪģѷѳ˷ԲϰķΧȫ󣬳Ʒ赭дһкεȿµ
ֻ³ƷһƣܹԶǸƽء
ȫֵĻָһܴݻһԶıУԭɳƷõĸǿĽ磬ս˷츲صı仯ĳƷҲûκôġ
̫ˣ
Ʒҡҡͷղųûгȫ¬ͱֱĽ˵֮С
ǵòǰ¬ĴڣڵʱĳƷ˵ֱµ˼¡
սʤתϽ𵤣ϷƷһΣƷЩֵС
Ȼڣʱ䣬ƷΪѾ˷츲صı仯ʱԵʱƷһ˾ͿԽЩ̺ĸɱ⣬תϽ𵤵ҩ̵Ľһɱˡ
ʱѣֱصĲ࣬ԳƷЩִûηֹܹģֻʱѡ
Զѷ֮ˣ¬ֱӱĵͷۻĹͷ֪˶ٸȫļⶼ˺ˣǿֲ۷ʱ򣬻ҪµĶˡ
ʱףղ²۵Ļ龿ôˡ
̫ôˣ
¬δڱһ콾ϣȻֿµĹĴڡ
ʱѾȫͬڳƷĴԣǸǴѹͬˡ
Ҫ֪Щһ콾˶컯۷޷ͻƣ֪ҪͻƵλжôѣǵ츳ǰеʱֱʲôؿֻҪУͺԷˮһ򵥡
Ȼһеһ컯ͻƵλĹؿʱ򣬶ʧЧˣǣҲòЩǰһˮĥͻơ
ȻȴһѸײڶ֮ͻƵλսǾͻƣһһսͻƣǹ֮еĹ
ʱѾڼˣΪһƷʯǮȻƨƨߵˣǵľˡ
Ʒ컯۷壬ʤ㲻ߣҲңսͻƵλĳƷȫȫֻˡ
Ȼʱûʱȥô࣬ɲǼѾˣȼƵĻָƬ֮䣬ϵƾѾָ߰˰ˡ
ڸ߿֮ϣƷֻ䵭ĿһУƺڻָʵ¬мһˡ
ղѪȼ֮һһҲˣȻѾҪƽλսԳ֮Ϊαλս
ȴ֮ǰûʲô
λ֮£ϣ
ǳˣûλȫ
ȻλսλȴҲûʲôˡ
ͻƣǴսһͻƵλȻȷģĻͻˣսҲ֮ǰѪ۷һ࣬Ǹαλ
ս컯֮ڣ޵УҪʰϮҲѲ˶ٵĹ
ƽ࣬Ȼʵر
˿ܿһٷ֣Ϊֻܿһٷ֣е˿һٷ֣Ϊֻһٷ֣
ԽǸ֮һжǺգҲǰĲϴ֮Уﵽһȫµĵز
˸δͻƵĸڣҲΪʲôƷΪܷǰֻΪõĴ˲õԵʣΪĻܱȡ
еʵļ䣬ټϡʼս䡷֮еļأƷһʼվĸ߶ȾͳѰ˵󣬼ϹҲûа취ͳƷᲢۡ
ͬƷĴսǻϹʣ
𣡡
ڴʱ¬һŭһӭǣԽԽ󣬲Ƭ̼Ĺ򣬾ȻѾ֮һ
һ˲䣬¬һȭųƷ˹һȭû˿ͻϣֻܿȭͷ֮²
һȭƷҲˣָȭһȭ
أ
һһСȭͷݺײһ𣬵ǳǣȱ¬޴ȭͷ
ֱ⵽ʲôֲĹһ˲ը˿
¬ҽУϵҪˣ޷ڵĳƷ⡣
ǡλ
¬ʱڷ˸ղѪ·ֵ飬֮ǰ뷨жôĿЦ
ȴѾһ˵ĽһĨѪţؿڡ
䣡
¬޴ȥϾ


2028 ¼±
ն֣ȫ赭дĻɱ
Ҫ֪һ콾콾ʵӦԶһ콾콾֮ϲŶԣȴƷһȭɱһնɱҲֲ̫˰ɣֱ˵
һʱ䣬˼Ĭ
漴ԶǶˣΪԶǵĳƷʵԽǿȻҲԽȫ
үʵԽԽǿˣֱɲ⣡
ڵĸ֮УֻҲܹһϯ֮صģ
ү紫ŵĸǴ֣˵ͬˣһ콾ǺүĶ֣
۷׷֮ʣƷѾʧԭأһ˲䣬ѾԶ֮Уһӣһɴ̵֮֮ӿֳӿȳƵ֮Уȳԭܵشһ˲»ָ˹
лү
ȳƹ˵
ɫЩȻһսܴĴԭǬΪڵ洫ӣΪԼСҲһˣȻʵȴݺݴһơ
ĶǰʵԶ֮гƷµĽ磬ҲסѪµһơ
ѰеĴ洫ӡ
Щ콾ǰ·ߵϺ죿
Ǻܿ͵̬Ϊֲǲ֪
ңҲѾˣûгƷһĿҲǿǬΪ洫Ӷѡ
Ʒ˵ͷȻ˵˵ݣ㾡ȥ˵һ£УΪʲôͻȻɱ
Ʒüͷ΢ܾ鲢򵥣Ͼ˵ʵ˵ǵٮٮˡ
ǵݣƷ˵֮Ҳһһ֣ǺεȵĽҪ֮κһףοͬʱֱͬĸͬʱ֣ⱳԲ򵥡
˳Ʒûãȳƾһ鱨˽ƷǷص콾ͬʱҲг͢ԶݣͬʱõȻ鱨֧֡
ߺߣôĵӣ
Ʒһ鱨ֻǲϵЦ
ۺ˷ںʹĳ͢鱨Ʒܿ͸ˣⱳ󾿾ʲôˡ
˶ԳƷһƷʯͬʱһѧͷͨƾѡһ
ѹ־߸ϵǰ콾Ҳ̲סˡ
ֻһƷʯ൱ʮƷʯļ۸ѾߵˣҪ֪ڳƷȫҼƷʯĻҲƷʯѡ
Ȼд󲿷ֶƷеĹϵҲԼϰƷʯļ۸жôľˡ
ƷʯλһŻʹõʯеλĸ֣ŨҪǳߡ
˵֮֮мźܶʣǶ컯˵ҲѾ㹻˵Ʒʯλĸ˵Ҳ̺̫ʣûʹõļֵ
˵ʹãֻҪѲٵʱȥĥʣҪѵʱ䣬һлãһֱȥٶȶᱻʮǼʮ
Щ˵Ǹ޷ܵģƷʯҲͳЩʹõʯ
۸ҲǷǳİһ˸޷ʹõĸ
ϰƷʯۣʵѾʮ־˵ļ۸񣬱˵һ콾һͰɱ͢Ա˸ֱӶ֡
˵лзѧͨѡļ۸Ҫͷ˵Ǵ´ˣǻ©ˣƷսȻλ
һ컯۷ĸֺһλĸ֣ȫˡ
ĿǰΪֹû֪ƷѾλֱֻӺͳƷֵ˲֪ѾˣϢ
˭ңܲôƷʵ
ȳҡҡͷ˵Ҵӳ͢ڵõ鱨ֻ֪֪ͺүȴ֪˭
ҪԼ鱨ſԣƷ⣬漴˵㿪ʼ齨һ֧鱨ҪĸԴ㶼ҪһҪ콫鱨ĻǾ̫ˣǽӵĻʹ˭֪
ȳƵ˵ͷ˵
Ʒſʼ鿴ȳѼĽ¼鱨
ڳƷչص֮У¼ٶȷ˲Сı仯
ֵзı˼컯۷壬⼸һʱ֮ڣ¼ĿϢ
콾ϵϢ䶯֮𶯣޲𾪡
ҪһŻˣ


2029 үԶү
޲̾ȻڳƷԤ֮У˲֪תϽ𵤵ĹЧС
У˼ٶҲʵǾˡ
ȫͬ˦ĪĳƷ֮⣬ǿߣҲ컯صıԵ
ٶȾѾʮֺˡ
ΪԺһ콾֮е콾Ტˡ
˵˼Ӧò콾һŶԣƷȻ˼δȻΪܹ˼Ტ۲Ŷԡ
ֻһֱû޸ۣҲûа취϶ǵжϾġ
ϾƷпڱķ֪飬ҪжϳƷʵʵΨһİ취óƷս˼꣬˭ʤ˭;콾һĹ
˱ķ֣콾һƺӵļ¡
˵֮У˼ͷνǶɧ˵˴Ļʳҡ
Ͼ˼Ҳˣдҵ¼֮ϵģǳһ
ƷͷѾȫǹȥˣϾƷʵδ֪˼ʵȴʵʵģ˽Կɼ
ƺܵ˼컯۷Ĵ̼ԭѾԶǵһʱһ콾콾׷׳ˡ
¸ضһ콾콾һ콾콾սϢҪΪԼһ㡣
һһһʱ콾֣Ǵһ콾ɾ콾ǰеľ콾һ콾δ콾ĺ콾ܡ
Щһǰһٵ콾δ֣Ѿ콾ɾ
ƺΪ˵үԶү
һ콾Ϊһ콾콾˵Զ
һ콾˵ֱܴ裡
ʵϵĲ࣬ȴпԣһδǰһٵĺ콾ǵľҲѾͿ컯أкܶ඼컯صΪ
Ŀǰһ콾콾˵Ȼܴﵽġ
Ȼʱ䣬վһߡ
һ콾콾ϱҲ˵ǵʱԶһ콾֮ϡ
˫Ĳ࣬һӾ͹˳
һ콾콾Ļع飬һӴһֲǺɨΨһط˱񣬱˼ߡ
֮һ콾Ϻ򲹵콾˼꣬طĺ콾һԳƷʱ򣬼Ǻ޻֮׾ٵĻܡ
һսӰͼεһ콾ĺ콾˼Χסֹͬˮһϯ
Ȼ˶û뵽ǣЩ컯أ컯صľ־Ȼκβ˼꣬˼һ뵽綼Ʋ
˼һֲΪչ֣һɱնλ콾ʱǿ౶
ڻӰͼ֮У˼Щ˴ˣͻȻ֣Ѹײڶ֮ɻЩһ콾ĺ콾
ƺҲ̼һ콾콾Щ콾Ʒ׾ٵĻܵʱһ콾콾ˡ
һ콾һɳ
һֱչֳȫͬЩ콾ѹЩ콾Ŀֲʵ
컯۷壡
֮ǰȫѹսͬһս˵ƾУ˫컯۷ľ֣ѷ֣֮󣬷ŷֳʤ
ȫȫû뵽ǣԭǿȻ컯۷壬Ըոտûжá
ɳŵԿ컯۷൱һʱˣӦɳǿһЩŶԡ
Ȼʵȴȫ˵֮⣬ݺݴĳЩԤԼһơ
й˼չֳԶɳ
ɳܣ
ǷʵưȫȫѹȻֻǸոտ컯۷ûãۻĹȻ컯۷üɳҪ񣬼ֱǹ
Ƿʣ֮ͬ޵Уһ콾ҲܵУ
ʾѾܿˣʸ⻹òЩͨ˻ˣ
˵ľ̾У˼겻ɳŵֻ˽ӶĻһ콾콾
һʵһӾˣӿǰ˼ܵٶȸ죬ɳʱ˼껹Уȵܵڶһ콾ʱ˼ֻ˰оͽԷ׻ܡ
ȵʱѾʮ֮ڣĸ콾ʮоͰ˼ϡ
һʱ䣬˼һ콾Ψһϣ


2030 һĴ
Ȼһ콾֮У˴֮ìأֵҲ
һ콾ļѹһ콾ǲɵϿʼš
ʱҪЩһ콾ϵĺ콾ǣѾܾöûйˡ
۸ˣʲôʱֵǱ衣
Щ֮У˼ǵڶһ콾콾֮ˣȻΪǡ
ȻгƷǰȻƷ֮ǰɱԶʱ˶óŵҩʱڼԼսǳʵ
˼ͬԼʵĻЩ콾мȻͬն
ѾƷȫӵˣǿƷƾűʵζ˼ܹ顣
ЩᣬƷҲֻȻһЦϣѵܳԼϱĴô
ҲǸߵˣȻټȻ붼Ը
ݣĳƷŭĿԲ˼˺üһ콾˴ţһ콾Զһ콾ʱ
һһ콾еٮٮߣһʱŮŮ
˼ǰʶ֮аݼ֮ʱڻʶ֮⣬˫һ֮ս
һս˼ܸգһս¡
ŮȻѾڲ֪֮Уλսȫѹ˼ꡣ
һսҲ˶˼ͶŮ˶Ŀ࿴Ůһ콾ȻǰУȴһС֮һ
ȻȴɳԶһλ
һλ߽ϡ
һ仰˾֪Ȼ˼ȴһսпʼĽ׶Σ붫ŮĲ£һǿսҲ˼ʶ˷սĿ¡
ȻܣȴҲ٣һȽŮƵʮǱ
󶫻Ůһ˼꣬˼ܣ
һУǰ飬ڳƷǰϦ
ʱƷڱչ֮УȻ֪£
Ʒ֪Щԭڱչؿ޵һ콾Ϊʲô׷׻ع飬һѡ־׵Ļع鷽ʽֻ֪һ㣬Ůش˼ꡣ
ڳƷԱߣȳƼܹоƷϵɱ۳ʵˡ
ŮڣŮ
ƷЦһ
Ҳһ£ǸŮƷĮ˵
ڶŮ˼֮󣬸ֲʹӸ֮б˳ƺΪ֤콾˵˵һʱ䣬һս¡
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ȳƺܿȥĹ֮ȳȥһ鱨ݸ˳Ʒ
үŮ֮Ҫٰһ۵ᣡȳ˵һһ콾յ
Ʒۺҵ鱨ŮǷͷһ콾˼û취ȴܣνǷͷ
ŴʤĶ磬ŮŮٿ۵ᣬ콾ʾḰᡣ
˵ǽעĿĴᣡ
ƷףǶŮƣڴĻʳ֮УԴ޵ģҪҶ࣬Ҳˡ
ԽߣȻܹܵԽԴõԽ׷ߡ
ողŻ˼֮£˭Ҳӡ
ããã֮Ҹһݴ񣬱֤ƷһЦ¶ѩ׵ݣеŭȼա
ŮҪˢҪԼԸƷܣȻҴ⵽˼ϣǳƷԲ̵ġ
˭˵̤ʯ˭ˢһ¡
ȳ뿪֮󣬳ƷֱͨӴ͵˶֮ϣȻٶȸϵңɽ
⣬ӣ˱չ֮У㣡
ңɽ֮⣬ƷϪ
ϪųƷϲɫȴޱ𺳡
Ƕ̶һʱδƷʵֱҪо˼飬ɲ⡣
Ϊ˼ٶѾʮ־ˣ֮ȡ
ǾڸղųƷ鼱֮¶һ˿Ϣȴоսľĸо
Ȼ޷оƷʵʲôزֻһɲĸо
ͻˣȻˣҾ뿪ˣһö˵ĵҩ鷳ת˼꣡
Ʒ˵ţɽͼ֮ͳһɫĴƿݸϪ
ˣһתģϪ
ȸˣ
Ʒ˵ͷҲص뿪Ƭ֮䣬Ѿʧԭء
Ϫңɽ֮Уһչصؾڣ˼ӹƿϪתƷĻ֮󣬵֪ˣ


2031 Ի綼һ
ڣϯӵеĵɷڡ
ʱ˷ӹעĽ㡣
ΪģΪڷͷĳƷȻˡ
˵ҪͷĵӣڷӿǳƷĪ
ԭͷĵӣȻϯӣɡ
ײһ𣬺ʣУҪײΪҫ۵Ĺâ
ǰʱ䣬˾ͽγƷΪڸ˵ѾԲźţǾҪƷһ
һ˵ֻϯӾһĥ֮󣬲ŻᱻγΪ
ⶼѾǷǳԵźˡ
ڸ߲Ѿı⣬ԭõѡɣڸóƷ
˿ӦˮݲǣȻû֪Զûǰ㽣ţˮݡ
һͥԺڣƷԶɸƷһյ裬Ȼſڣ˵ʦͷڱչص˶ˣ
¶˼Цݣʵϣȫͬ˲ûˮݡ
˵߲سƷɵ˵ǰδ֮£Ͼ֮ͬмֱһ
ûгƷǷͬ洫֮Ψһһ컯Ĵڡ
һλüѾڶˡ
󱲵֮ðһʣʱȲô࣬Ҫֱ׷Ҳ̫ܡ
Ͼ˼еʱɵٶҲǼġ
ν㲻㣬ڼ˶һʱͻȻðƷ
ͺǴʯͷĳһ
Ҫ˵һоûУǲܵģϾǲǵһȨƵĲͬǴҪģؼԴܾͲر
ٶΪʲôô죬˦洫Ӱ֣Լ츳Ϊȫ֮
ͳƷûʲô̫ìܣΪ֮ǰ˾ͽҪγƷϢֵķз
Ȼ֪˲ûмΪƷѾܾΡ
ƫƫɾ֪֮һ
ƷܾΪҲǱľܾδΪڵȻ־ڴˡ
δҲһң̫ϳϵְλͺɵĳͻһСˡ
Ҳζ˾ͽҪ£ƷȫڵϵıѾʧˣȻƷһס
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ΪϯӣһεȻ֮ûС
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Ϣֱͬƾըһһ콾֮дˡ
ϾǾһ콾Ϻ򲹵콾ȻûĹ׷Щ콾ˡ
ȻȴʰЩ콾ǳ˼֮ĵһˡ
ɸǾĪΪ˶ֻŶѣȴͬһ콾콾ֹ
ȻǲҰˣڵΪǸո컯أȻΪѾܿ죬Ȼͺ콾ձ컯أ컯أ컯صΪȣȴǲԶˡ
ҲΪ죬£ƷȻһ콾ǿ컯۷弶ĸ֡
Ĵڣڷڵ̫ϳڣҲٮٮߣ֡
Ҵ鱨Ʒֱ׾ٵľͻ֣˼Щ콾ϵ콾ٶȻҪ죬ɡ
ƷΪʲô̶ȣõõϢһֱ˼顣
˱ˡ
Ҳһ콾ΪʱĹϵȲһ콾ϵĺ콾Ʒأʱ̣ȴܹһ콾콾һ
мĲ࣬ǰ׳Ҳóˡ
òϣ˵еĶţǳƷһеţеĹ
ҲʿƷԴʲôɵġ
Ի綼һô
뵽˶ˣԳƷô飬ҲϢйϵ
Ĵ콾ǳƷȴͬԾǸҰ·ӣơ
û֪ƷʲôʣһѧڷڵĸǷëǣùķڵԴٵĿƷڣ˵Ҫӷڽ
ɿҪһŻѣ


2032 Ҫ鰡
ʵϣûƷ֮һֱ޷ڵϵ֮УΪˣƷĴԳϵԴ֮·չҲʳ
˵ͲκҲߵգû˿԰
£ڲֻΪһŻѣȻ֮⵽˲ٵľɱȻֻǷڵţѾڰΪ˶ٵɱ
һƷ֪ҪڵŻƤֲԸ̫ڵϵ֮УĻֻᱻȻš
κһоԶŶԼĴ˶ԼҪ󣬾Բ޼ɵҪǵ̫ˡ
ҲǳƷϣģڱϵֲ߳ϵ̬֮ǳƷҪģԼ˾ͽҪǳƷǾܾˡ
ԭֻΪ̫š
ͳƷͬƷҪһŻ֮⣬ĶʳҪõʲôеԴееĴͳͳڷڡ
ҪҲǲܵģΪˣлмĽѵĳƷ硣
ƷʵĽĪ˵̫ĽˣȻƷλãǳƷʵԽǿ˵ôҲԽࡣ
δӹܷ֮һǴ˵ܹӲĶࡣ
ЩΪʲôʮ֮½ЩһŶŽƣΪѾ̫ûгѹͬĸǴ֡
ڳƷ֮󣬳ƷƺƷԻ˷ǵûᣬ෴ģԳΪ໥Ļϵ
ǼСѣ˰ˣƷȻ˵·Ǽ˵սľĸֻ̨С
ɫ΢죬ǱģʱѾ֪ô˵ˣװûë
ƫƫƷʵʵս֧ţȻװƣȴҲʵ
һսȥ֮󣬺ʣ¹̳Ʒ콾һλá
Ͼ˼Ȼ־ˣܹͬ컯۷һ콾ȻͳƷɱȴһβġ
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ʦ˵ܹģ޲ʣæ˵ͷ˵Ҳм֣ԳƷʵʲôҪͷϡ
˵ŮҪٿ۵ᣬʦǷյƷһڲ裬ɡ
ȷʵҲյһɵ˵ͷδǷҪȥ
ɲ֮ǰոյĶŮԥǷҪȥϾŮٰ۵ǰش˼꣬¡
Ʒ˼ĹϵȻ˲֪ȥˣھǹȻڴƷ
ԥõƷͬ©һѪ֮˲Ϩǰ˼
ʲôЦһ۵ỹƷ
ȥɣ˳ңҲʶʶ۵жأƷЦЦ¶ݡ
֪ΪʲôЦݣɿرΣգȻһֺëĸо
Ͼ뵽˲ԣŮǰŸոشˣ˼꣬ƷžҪȥμ۵ᡣ
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ʦܣʦȻܹ˼ŮɲǺǵģɿ˵ңŮıˣ˸ǣ
ŶƷ۾ЦЦ˵֪˭ܹʦô򵥣һǵõǬԪʦֶ¹
˵ϲɵ¶ֿЦʱΪȻǬԪҪ˵ǬԪҲڡ
ǬԪΪǸǿȴҲǿޣܵ˵ͬһ֮С
һЩΪˣ·𣬳˳Ʒ˼һԹˡ
ѾЩ˹ܳƷ˼йˣһԹˡ
˳ʦܿδŹһ콾İףھͣɿ˵ҸոճΪ洫ӵʱ򣬾ͱѾ콾ףѹȺۣƱʦ˵й֮޲
Ʒ죬ÿɷɲͬΪڴĻʳ󣬺ܶ˵ǳʶڳƷ˵ȴ֪
ܹ˼ɵ͵ʵֻҲɲ⡣
ŮǾ͵δޣ˵ţֶ˶٣֮󣬿˵ţ׿ڿ޹俤Ϊֻй俤ܹ


2033 Ʒ㻯
ʾʾزƷﻹףŮͻȻֶ˼֣¾ͺйϵ
Ϊ˼ʾͣʹöŮֶԸ˼꣬ԭҲѲ²⡣
콾񻻰Ѿкܶˣ콾һӾͻǬԪѾкܶ꣬ٴǬԪɳƷҲѾһʱ䡣
ǵͶɵľ޴ѹȻԸ֪ĵ
ʱգҲףԼʱյΪյľͻв࣬˵ľ͵Ϊﵽεȳ̶ȣҲ֪
οͻǳµһŴɣķڸǿ
ͣе˼ƷЦһǬԪҲãǾҲã˵ûκ
ʦҪμһε۵᣿ɵϾʶˣƷ϶顣
ҲԥϾƷǰ۵ᣬҪ׺ͶŮںͶŮľͳ˺
ƷһΣȻƷؽԽԽԶһûеϯȻκҪ׷档
˵ƷľţǴ
Ʒɣû˵Ϊ֪ʵϣǺںǷӦһ۵ᣬμӺû취ô
㲻μ۵ᣬĻҶŮ鷳Ҳеǰ취
Ҳ뿴δϣжٵĸ֡
ͬΪʮŵĽܳմӣɻȷһԾ͵ûУǾ̫óƷʧˡ
֮˾ųƷ˵󣬳ʦһͬǰˣ
֮ɲɵһ˵Ҳһ˵ھеľ޴Ӱƿ޴ޱȵӰ
ֻ鶼ܵϴ񣬴ڵⶼɱ䡣
ʱ֣ԼܹöƷˣӳƷϴݳϢǽȻͬϢ
ǰ·ʤϢ߱ġ
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Ʒ£ôͲܼǬԪԣȴû˺
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Ʒ΢΢һЦȻóɵɱ䣬Ȼɱ䲻漰츳ʵϵɱ䣬ظָˣδǰ;Ҳ˵á
һӶھ͵Ӱ֮УⱲӶ޷ѡ
ʦֿˣƷ˰˵Ȼˣ֮߶ţ
Ʒ˵ţҪ뿪
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һЩϲҲһЩЩʧĿǰ洫֮ǿ˲δͻҲҪˮļƻЦ
ڳƷ뿪֮ûжãƷԶУһնɱһ콾ĵӵϢҲ˳
ڽֻڶ֮Ϣһʱ䣬Ϊ֮𺳡
˿ʼʶԭΪģƷѾ˵뷨Ǵġ
˼Ѿչֳ˾˵츳ǳƷѹס˼꣬콾ĵһ
ʱ䣬㹻óƷնɱǰ콾콾Ϣ£ƷͷԽԽ
Ů۵Ҳʱٿڶ֮ϵһ֮УǶŮ˽أҲŮڵһ⸣ء
֮ϣƣޱأ滨洦ɼһ죬󿪣ӭӸ·ǰ콾
һʱ䣬Ҳ֮ϸעĽ㡣
֮ǰոش˼֮ĶŮˣ˲Сһ
һ죬֮ϣһĶݹ⻮ʺлҹһ㣬ѤޱȣԶԶȥޱ𺳡
ÿһݹ϶żΪǿϢ˲
ǰμ۵ĸ֣ζ컯أصĸ֡
˵һ˶ڶ֮Ͽɣ񣬾Ȼĸ־ۼڴˣ֪ĺ䶯
ҵ죬ҴϿʼ׿˶ٵĸ֣ҲǶŮӹ󣬲ܹ֮ĸǰμ۵ᣡ
Ůͷ˭ҲԸϾ󣬲ǻһλĴô


2034 ߲ƣСˣ
һ콾ܶҲˣһ콾еʱϾޣûа취һ콾ȣϢܹжϵĳˣ
һһ콾֮⣬֮ϣкܶǰҲˣЩ޴ƽﶼѵһھȻһӿô࣡
㲻ӣһλҲø
֮ϣһӶĶݹ⣬֮ϣ˶һִ۽ĸо
һ߸ϵĴһƽѵһǿڡ
ںڣѾ֣۵ἴʼ֮ϻĶݹҲԽԽ١
˿ͣ޲Ҫȥһ
ǶҿһһķΧ֮ڡ
أԶݹӹ˶һ϶ʱ¶˼ֲ˼顣
ȻݹһʧӰ٣ǻǿˡ
һˣǷڵϯɣԱߵһˣǽ˵Ĵڡ
һ콾һĳƷ
ôܣ
˾һϳˡ
Ҳ׷׷ӳ˹ܿ죬ݹⱳĸҲ֪
˺ܿҲӦ˹֮ǰ˼걻ŮشνֵķзŮܹٿôƴ۵ᣬҲǻڴˡ
һս֪˶ŮʵѾԽ컯λ
˵ǲ˼ļߣƷƫƫ˼δʱ򣬳ƷɶֻҲ߲ơ
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˶ʶһ飬ʱƷǰȻ߲ƣ˵ʣдֿԿˡ
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뵽ǣڶŮıվŵǾͣһ콾һĿֲڡ
ʣҲһ콾һ콾֮ײˡ
콾һײǲ֪˭Ĺ˭ŸһЩˣ
ͷһ֦Ʒɽһ֮УƷԸо˽뺣Ͽյʱһ˸һ£ɵ֮˸һâ˽磬˳˺֮С
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Զһ޴ޱȵĻ᳡᳡֮ϣٸ߷ֱԼλ֮ϣ۵Ȼ졣
ڻ᳡һ֮ϣһɫۣݾʳڵŮӡ
Ȼڳĸڶ࣬ÿһڶ֮϶ԿɣǶ޷ڸǹŮӵĴڣͬһ㣬еӳˡ
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ǻ֪˼ͶŮ֮ĶԹƷ˼δ򣬺ЩĸжϵһҲ̾ͽˣ߲ƣ߲
Ҳ˲ԾΪǲʶɺͳƷϾЩֶչضʮ㣬бչʮĴڣһأͲʶڷͷˡ
ǻϾͲյĲԾܿͽĿת˳ƷϣҲܹĳƺ۵ˣǱˣǳƷ
ŮԭϹǳǳЦݣҲϸоеķΧԣֻʶɣǰйһ֮Ե
Ա֮ˣƷȴʶ
ܿ͵õ˵ĴܣϾ֪ǰ֮˵ݡ
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Сˣ
ֻЦһ£ƷʲôһѣôһҪСΪʲôˣ
ƷҺûз㣬ĪǴǸˣͶ
ŮһЦ¶ֲм


2035 һɱȫ
ȫ˶Ŀ˳Ʒϡ
˶Ѿ֪˳ƷݣȻһΣƷǰԾ߲ơ
ּˣƷЦһԼ͸ʱöѣΪӮ˼ʲô˲飿ôʱ䣬㲻һֻҪ϶٣Լʱ䱶սʤȻôմմϲ
ŮѾޱˣʱ˼꣬ȻǿҲһǺ˼Ըһϡ
ܹѹ˼̶ܴ꣬ϣԼʱԶԶ˼꣬ĻʤֻѾֳˡ
ǻȻˣ˽Ҵȴһˡ
ǿǿʲôʱ䲻ʱģߵԣ֮·ϣûߵ۷֮ǰνûκģźӹʲôֱ𣿡ʱһӰĿ˵ȴһĸߴӡ
ҲһƵĿųƷȻƷĻ˵˶ŮʵϣҲһӴˡ
ҲǳƷеӹеһͬʱ䣬Ҳֻܱ˼
Ӧ˵ھѾ˼ˣʵϣһ콾֮УĿǰֵ֮УҲΨжŮ˼꣬˵Ȱ˼µĲһôԱǶ˼ֻ꣬½ҲòĶȥ
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ʦܣСһ㣬Ƕ֮еһɢޣΪˣ
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ȻΪϯӶ꣬ɵ鱨ҪȳƷǿ̫ˡ
˿ᣬʵͺܴʸϣͬһˣöԸ
ˣƷĿˣȻǷڵ˾ͽͬһˣ
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أʱȴƷָ΢΢תʱֻоһ˵ϯ˹еĳȻһһѿ
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Ʒ˵
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˵ı壬⺣˲壬ҲǺ壬Ǻе޵õڳ֪Ĳ٣֪ܹ˸ƵزƷȷʵʵǷ
һһųƷ˹ͨɢżΪΣվϢ·ֻΪܹѹһ㡣
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ƷƲƲ죬أһڹ˸ǸղźгƬ
Ƭһڹ⣬Ƴգ񷶼ھҵĶ·һӱ˺ѿһ޴ޱȵѷһ㡣
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ڹ֮Ǻ˵ѪһӾͱƿˣƬڹֱӶ˺ˡ
һ˲䣬˵ͷѪѪԽŽ֪ʲôʱͷѾһ޴ޱȵĴ󶴣İԴˡ
֮˸Ų˼飬·ǲţԼô׵ľͱƷɱˡ
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˵׺˶Źʸϣڶʱֳ˵ź˵Ĵ˵ġ
еǸ˵Ʒһɱ˲ֻú󱳷


2036 ͻΧ̫鷳ˣ
в˻һĸоʵȻǿʤڻþã˾Ĵ˵ġ
ڳǰˣô׾ٵ˳ƷϣǺ޻֮
ڳƷ߲Զɸеɵˣ˵ҲͷһΣ֮ǰĵѳƷ˲öԸ
ΪԼʵΪģʵ˵˵ʵȷʵ֮ϣҪԸס
ҲаԱѣҪԸˣǼǸ顣
˭֪ôֵĺˣڳƷֻһֿɱ϶ѡ
֮ǰյϢƷնɱ컯۷Ķ콾ʱûôĸϳۿƷνԼ޷Կĸ׾ٵնɱ
ʱ˸оƷʵѾԽܹĲΡ
ɵÿЦҡҡͷԼڿмֿЦˡ
ͬޱȵ𺳡
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ݣ˸Ͳǰڶ֮ϾɵĶˣǴĻʳķҲܲ
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Ů֮¶Цݡ
Բðɣһȫʬ
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ͻΧˣ̫鷳ˣƷ˵ûˣ˭ҵҵǰ
Ʒ䣬΢΢ζ˲Ѿʧԭأһ˲䣬ѾǸǰ
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ͷֱ֮ԻһХһǰ
һ˲䣬ɫĳֱӿʼ¾һһնޣâնһնͷ֮ϣֱͷն롣
أ
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ͬȴǳƷĸͬͷȺһ롣
ֱɢ룬Ȼ󱻳Ʒһֻߡ
һ˵ʵ򲻹ֻǶ̶һʱ䣬һоѾ
ȵ˷Ӧʱ֮еѾ˳Ʒϡ
һļžš


2037 ѣȫ
һϢʱ䣬ǳƷ䣬Ѿնɱ֮е
һɱ
ɱ
ûзӦƷѾԷӦʱ䡣
ɴʱףʲôͻΧ̫鷳ˣһоͿɱͻΧȷʵ̫鷳ˣ
һֱʱɲƷ֮ǰ鱨˵նɱ컯۷һ콾Ŀֲϵһ
Ȼ鱨ǹ⿴鱨ֳƷ赭дնɱ컯۷ĸͬɱһ㣬ǻȫġ
ǰȻ֪Ʒǿȴ֪ƷȻܹǿᵽĵز
ǿôģսҲδ̫˵㣡
ʵ̲סһеʱ仹һ룬ǳƷսȴԶԶԽ
һֻڼΪǿɵĲ޴ĴܸС
ҲЩɵˣкܶ˻ڴԭҲԳƷУΪ˻öŮĺøУֺǸˣȴƷһŵˡ
ǵĻʲôֱҲһͱɱ˰ɡ
ƷսʹһȴлҪӿֲ
㾹Ȼҡ֮еʣʱڷӦ˳һУ˵ֵ㡣
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ϣɱҪʬΣʣµ֮УǸ̿ŭǵ£ھȻֱʹ˹ˡ
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ƷЦһһ˲䣬ξѾʧԭء
Сģ
ʣµļæ˵Ҫ֪ղųƷʧȻͻɱ֡
ǵǷӦʱ򣬾Ѿˣ֪ʲôʱ򣬳ƷѾ̵иEһն
𡱣
һ޴ǧһ֮ʣȫѪ˿ͬһ㣬ɱ졣
Ȼӣʵϣһսʮ־ˣ컯۷֮еٮٮߡ
ȻѾͷ׷ʵϣȴ֪ɱ¾˶飬ǿֲɱһ˲䱬˿
ţ̷ͷһȭųƷ˹ȥ
ŶȻһڿӣʱҲһɱ񣬲֪ɱ¾˶飬Ϊ
ͻȻ̣ƷͻȻЦˣֻǺƽЦˣ֮ʮֵƽͻȻɱܶ˿Ӱ졣
Ѿɱ飬ǺͳƷɱ¾ǻǲԶˣƷɱ顣
նȥֻѰѰһȻֱն̱ɱһĿֲѪ
ͣ
ƷĽâնȥôƽȴ̺ȥֱһӱնˣֱӷ˳ȥ
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ҪˣֱΪʱѾ֪ôڳƷϵˣƷĽâֱ¼µĶʲôǿУһն֮
˲һֱ۱նϣˣҪܳƷĹʣµĸˣҲæųƷķ˹Ҫ̸
ȻǵٶվǸϲϳƷٶȣƷĽâֻǼ򵥵һնȥȻ͵һն롣
ţԼȻô׵ĵˣ˳ƷС
һ赭дȴˮһ㣬׾ٵľѾնɱ
̵ʬҲһ㣬䵽˳ƷС

ʣµĸ˷׷׶ˣŭһ˲䱬ˣɵսһӱ˺ŵĿֲս˵ǣһ
սһ˲ȫеһγһɺ˳Ʒ
᳡һɿֲĺɣܵԼǰſ磬²ǳģĸ컯۷ĸֳ֣ǺεȺ˵ĳ棬ֻǱпܽش
ڴʱƷָȭɫȭһӱ˳ֱӻ˰ǿooֱӵ˳ƷǰһУһ˲ͽһɺ飬һȭںһɺ֮ȥƲֱӺʣµˡ
أ
أ
أ
ʣµ˷׷ױУֱӵ˳ȥһѪ˳˲ͱش
Ϊսǵٷ֮һٶʮķ˳ȴסƷһȭĸоֱǾ
Ǿڴʱ˲˸߿գֱӷֻĵ˵Ľ⣬նȥ
ͣ
˵ͷ­ֱӱ飬ֱ
ѣȫ


2038 չʵȫ
Ѱȫ𾪣ֻо󱳷ͬʱҲڰҡ
ҪֺöŮǸ˵ĲֻѣֻǱһˡ
˻Ĵһֽңº֪˻᲻νڣҲѡ
˭룬ƷʵȻ˿ֲܹڶ֮Գһγһǿɢǵʵ֮ǿ֪
ȻôǿѣڳƷϣȴ߹С
βǾľս
ʱǲã֮ǰ߲ݳƷֻԶԶģֹ߲ƣ׼ȷ˵
ƷɱȻžԵţԲǰ㣬ֻǰΪԼδҪһ˵
ƷôĵӣȻǰɱˣڽӣ
ŮһѪͬѪһϯλʵ˲䱬
˲ѹȫеĸ֣컯λ֮ͬǵһľ޴࣬˲ڳַ׷˹ֿ
Ȼ֪ԳƷǵģɻһͬɽһѹľ޴ѹ
㲻ɱô㣬Ыװʲôϵӣ¼Ʒ䵭˵

ŮŭɶأһӡӡһۼľɫŮɫŮξ޴ͬСɽһ㣬ڰ֮Уһ˫ĿųƷڿһһ
ŮŮӡŮڵϾѧ˲ã
ŮȻΪ˰˵㣬һΪȷʵԶʤҵȣ
ƷֻҲֲ˺ã
۷׷֮ʣͿŮӡֱӳųƷɲǼ䣬˷ܹо춼ڲ
ʵϣλʵȫʩչһûнĵطȷʵ㹻ı
ȻȴƷֻЦһһĳһҲжôһĵŮӡ֮ϵʱ
Ǿ޴ޱȣŮӡ˲飬Ĺɢ޷ԳƷһǰ˺
ţŮͫ΢΢ſԭޱȵ飬Ҳɵ΢΢ɫƷʵɵ΢΢ݡ
Ҫ֪ղſû֣Ҫһ˲佫Ʒˣ˶ûʱֹʱͿԱֻǽֵʱȭۣɱƷ
ϾƷվŷôȻ
ߣ
ŮһֱĻ䡣
Ůɢ
ĻƮضһƬĺ󣬵һһĻ̺֮Ŀֲ˲
ֻͷ͵һһֻþ޴ΣմͷһӴ˳
ҪƲסҪӴܵʱ仨䣬˲ͬһ㣬ųƷϯ˹ȥ˲ͻ걩磬ֱӾû˳Ʒ
¡¡¡¡
һɲǼ䣬ڳƷֱӱըֲıըڳƷ֮ڳϯ
һ˲䣬ƷڵǷԲشѾ˷ĩ
ǶŮڷƵ˼µĵزеһбըе˳Ʒ֮УȻһ㶼û©
΢һǷӦȴıըȻһֻץ˽ȥ˲ʧӰ١
Щըʧ٣¶гƷΡ
ʱһһ˷ƷȻˣϵ·û˿ı仯
ôܣƷȻһ㷴ӦûУ˲ɵ÷׷׸ŵһ
ŮҲû뵽Ʒһ˶ûС

Ůҧ¶˼飬һ˲䣬ٶȳֱ֣һ
ţϣͬʱð־ѧһӳųƷɱ˹
ЩѧͬһɺֱӳӳƷɱȥ
˵붯֣ڵңѾˣ
ŮһҲü
ղžһ˲䣬Ƽ˳ƷǺһĨм׼ŭ˶Ů
ȻǸŮˣǾŮͬģҲһǴ֣콾ȻԼĽ
ھȻѹûĳƷСˣʱֲֿĹȫͬ籩һ㳯ųƷϯ˹ȥ
һֻƿЩЩֲĹͳͳץУ˲ЩʧΡ
һ˲䣬Ʒˣһ˸Ѿ˶Ůǰ
ӣ
ŮʱֻоһּΣյĸоһͷľ˹һ


2039 Ѵ򶫻Ů
ĸоʵöŮоڲûйĸоϹŴ˵еЩʷǰޣŮſԺͶԷһϸ£ɱЩޡ
˵ͨˣѹûз˭֪ԳƷʱ򣬾ȻоƱһ̫޸ˡ
ʵϣĸ֪ûдǳƷ̫֮ڤ˵Ѫ̫ʮ֮һ̫֮УҲλо۵Ŀֲڡ
ԽΪǿԽܹظо
һ˲Ӷûа취ס
ھĸ˵һ˲Ծܶˡ
ҲΪʲôԼҪˡ
һ˲䣬ƷѾ嵽ǰһֻץ˳
ž
һĶֻŮȻƷһ˳ȥݺݵ䵽˵ϡ
ۣ
ŮһһѪѪ֮лżݣһߵȫȫͷһ
㡭Ů˵©磬һ˫ĶųƷʱĴһƬհףΪҲû뵽ԼȻƷһƳɳȥ
ƷûɱȴɱҪŭ
ȫһƬһļžѾλĶŮƷ˵־Ͷˣһ˲ѣѾȫȫˡ
˾ͬڿһֲĹһĿųƷ
ȴƷֻЦЦȻ˵һ̫ѿˣҰһ£
˵ʱʱ죬Ʒһ˦ȥ
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ŮѾͷȫ˹ȥֻоͷѣȴͷǹǶƷĲѿ
ͶˣԳˣ
ƷЦЦ˵ǰĶŮ
ŮûιȥƷֱӳһͷˣһ˵ζʲôӹɡ
ټİһºˣƷ¶˼ЦݣǼݺ˦˳ȥ
ʱֱӴĶŮѪԴѾ׳ͷޱȵҡ
Ȼңż֮仹¶һĨ˵ѩףһһȤûˡ
аľƷֶ̫ˡ
Щ˸ɴ˹ȥǿλĸְ⣬ֲĴڣȻ׾ٵıƷشͬСһʰˡ
ȫȫ߸ǵۣ
˵ŮѾ֮е־ֵĻǳƷĴڣȫ߸ڵжϣֻޱȵĿֲ
λôɵĽѵƷʵ״ﵽʲô̶ˣ
ڲԶɿųƷžžŶŮҲޱ𺧣ʱΪʲôƷܹ׾ٵĻѪµˡ
ͬԭƷֻԼˣܹ׻ǡ
ǳƷʵȷʵѾﵽһޣԽ컯ļޣŮﵽλĸ֣ԳƷʱ򣬾ȻǶ֡
òǶݣδе㲻ˣ׼ȷ˵ѹѹ͵
ͲͬһϵĴڣƷʵԶԶ˶ŮŮ
ڳƷ֮ǰĳƷ£һҶŮ鷳ŮŮɱĵĻôƷ¾Σˡ
³Ʒ콾ĵһɵֻºͶŮһ콾ŵϵĸֻž޴Ĳġ
ڹؼʱ赲ŮϾϯӣҲˣȻڳôŮŮ׾ٵʰ˳Ʒ
ǸտʼŮʵȫȫѹ˳ƷֲֿĹͬ籩һϯ˹һҪҲܹϡ
˭֪ȻŮûʰ³ƷƷʰˣҲûбӿЦˡ
ȫȫѹʽʰˣ
ڳƷºڲһ밡δﵽͣкεȾΪֱ󣬸˵жŮŮͣǺεȺ˵ĳ̶ˡ
Ѿ콾ķΧ֮ˣѹǹһֲޱȵĹ
ôеģѵǵõĳǰĹඥô
ͷҲɲô룬֮⣬ĽͶûˡ
һдܹ࣬ܳƷĻԻս
ʱĳЩ˿˵ģĳһ˵Ĺâ̫ҫʱ˵ȶֻġ
µĸ֣
ɺ˼ʱ򣬳Ʒƽ飬˶Ůǰ


2040 º䶯
Ʒ㾹ȻҡŮ˵ﶼ©磬ιȥˣֻǰδеĴ衣
Ļδ䣬ƷһŲȵϣ˵Ҳɱ㣬Ϊɱ㣬Ҫ˼꣬ɱ㣿㲻䣡
˳ƷĻʱɵһȻƷʵǵ֮⣬ǺôƷûнŮĻҪˣпһλĴڡ
漴ҲӦƷ⻰УֱţŶŮ˼Ķ֡
뵽˼£δ˼ҪܶŮƺҲȻˡ
δ˼ǰ;ȻڻǶŮĶ֣ȻδȻڴˡ
𾪵ǣ֮ǰഫ֮У˵ƷѾǿ֮ĩ콾һλӦ˼꣬ǳƷ
ڣƷþԵʵˣүүƷλµһλҲʵġ
˵꣬Ʒתȥ̤Ŷݹ뿪˺
ƷȻ߲ƣƫƫ޻˵ǣƷԾԵʵѹ˶Ů
Ůش˼꣬˿̸ǿҲԴС
ǳƷ򶫻ŮֶιӮĸɸɾұǶԳƷ˳۵ˣҲ޻˵
ɿ˿ң֪۵϶ǿȥˣֻĶŮƷشʣµҲûһܹ۵ᡣ
ۣƷģΧѾ಻ƵĿ⣬Ǽɵķڣֻµ˻֡
Ҳ뿪֮һսĽٶȴ¡
˵еνһһ߳ϡ
˼겻ϳ֣ϻһ콾ϵ콾ǶŮش˼ꡣ
˻عƷǰŮٰ۵ᣬṲ̊
飬һһ
˿ĴΪ񫣬Ǹ֪Ϣ֮󣬲ɵõһΪ˼µһ֮ʱƷǿƳ֣ˣµһıȹ̵ĺܡ
˵ʱŮȽ棬ԶƷ˿棡
ʲôǿƴǿƵĴ
ƷǿƣǶŮֻҲưոݰɣϾıˣ˶֪
ֹǶŮǸˣ˵ŮѾ԰ݷùڵˣҪȻƷѪĴۣѪծѪ
ǽأˣ
ȻκεĽƷڿǷڵıǷϣôΪŮĻͽƷȥĻ˭ΪЧ۳Ʒֻش˶ŮûнŮɱˣ֪ģǿģ
˶ڳƷ۷׷ףǳƷش˶Ů֮һϵе飬ֵķз˶ڹע
Ҳ̬ܿŮжôķŭǷڶӣǵȻΪһŮԼϣˡ
£ҪȻ֮ײҲȻˡ
ʱ򣬷˾ͽֱŮС飬СȥѲɶŮѾûõزҪһԳͷô
Ů̫ϳ϶ŭɶȴûа취ϾСľˡ
ǳƷǶŮͬˣе»Ůһ롣
ӣŮˣ˳Ʒϡ
ǲԸ⣬ʵҲ޻˵ֶֻܹŮ
ۣƷҲûɱŮֻǺݺݵһŮ»ûѡֺͷڱͻ
οӷڵ̬Ǿ֪ڲΪ˶ŮȥͷƷǼ㲽ƣҲֻǺͷܾˡ
ñ˼˱ˣ
ŮҲֻϢģٷ
֮УƷǣƷٶ֮죬˲ҽһĺ
۴ĸ˵ƷԾλеľ֮С
ΪѾԽʮžųɾŵ̫ϳϣϣܹʤƷѾˡ
һʱ䣬Ʒν룬˶ڹעºķչȻŮѾϢģǲǾȫ˸ֻҪкʵĻᣬǻǻ˲֡
ۣڶŮı󣬻һȿµĴڻδ֡
ͣ


2041 λϮ
һҹ֮䣬Ʒٶ¼ķƣ¼ֵĲĿ
ͬʱԶǣԶ֮ڡ
һڳƷλ֮ϣЦӯӯĿŸոմӶϻĳƷ
Զǻˣҵܾˣ
ЦſųƷֻЦ֮дżĮ޸飬·ڿһһ
Ʒüһ˼ֵľ裬Ϊǰȴû㱨Զ·Ͳ֪ǰһ滹תš
߲ƣ
Ʒ̾ж˳߲ƵĻô͵͵ģȫԹǰݷá
ǺˣҺ£Ʒߣ
Ǻ˶˶٣Ȼ󿪿˵ϷˣһֻԶһ
ʲôƷ˵ĿĶųƷ
ȫͷѪһãǺ˳ЦЦ˵
Ʒ΢΢һ˵ڸҿЦҸҿЦֳ׼ô
֮бһľ⣬ͷѪҲνľѪһڣ˵˵ǼΪ󣬱˵ȫͷѪ¾һǰʧҪ۰졣
һ컯ĸ֣ʧһεͷѪܾҪŬ£һܲ
һѪҺһ˲ȫӵͨ˵ΨͷѪȫ⣬Ǿ·һ
Ѫ
ǽһΣƷҲܽ裬߲ƣƷʲôˣôưոݡ
漴һƲԳԷƣȻԶϽ裬Ϸȡˣ
һ˲䣬˳ˣɲǼ䣬һ˲ʧһ˲䣬ٶȳֵʱѾڳƷǰ
һֻץ˳ͨɫɹɵһ㣬ֱӳųƷͷץȥȻҪƷץ
Ѫ֣

ƷҲֱһȭ˳ȥ
أ
ȭצཻҫ۵âڵĸλΪҽЩâȴûм𵴿ڵĽ赲סǳƷµĽ硣
⣡
˼ڽƷȭж˸ɾʱٿƷЩˣԭǰڿһˣڿһֻϡ
ܹһˣΪ֮Ŀ࿴
Ʒ£ȷʵӣ컯ѣһȻֵܹز䴫зʣڿȻ飡˲ŭЦ·ƷֵԽǿԽǸһ㡣ѹһλ˶ҪյҪͷѪǿҲֻ컯ˣҾ㿴ҵĲ࣡
䣡
һɹɷ˳˸ҫ۵ĳɫâһƬƬ𣬼Ϊ¡
һϵͨѾ˵Ƿ켫ĵزȻƾһٿλĴڡ
ȻλƷǰĳˣȻӦǸոտλûжãʵʵѾλԽ컯
Ʒ㵽飬ɵùЦѾλˣ㲻ͬһλ˵ָ㣬ǰ;ֻҪͷѪȥҵʵһ
һλˣ˭Ʒ۾˲ϵᵽһλˣƷܹоеһλ˿²Ļʹߡ
ƾûк̨ĻƷƶٸʮıӵҲôĿŵĶ֡
Ͼվŷڣ˾֪飬һɢ֮вûλĸ֣ǵж׳֣֣ɹΣؼǷڵıǳܲ𣬱˵һɢޣһŶᱻ
̾ûбҪ֪Ҳһˣ
˵ʱ٣ʱ죬ٶȳˣ֮ǰͬһΣչֳλֶΣһ죬һɿֲƳգռ䶼ھҵĶһ˲䶼һƬ𺣣˲γǵ֮ƳųƷϯ˹ȥ
Сҵǰҷ
ƷЦһˣӦһʱ䣬֪ڶ֮ϰѶŮһٵ飬Բд
Ҫ֪ŮʵҪǿĶˡ
ԼһλĸԶһ컯ĺ֣вɹĵ
Ȼ㲻˵Ҿʹ˵Ϊֹ
ƷĿ


2042 ϣֱ
һɲǼ䣬ƷҲ˲䱬ˣֱӻЩϯһ˲ͽ串ǣԭϯĻ𺣣Ҳһ˲ͱƷ֮
ͬʱҲͬˣһֻȻֱӻһųɫķ֮˸ҫ۵⣬̺Ŀֲâ˲һٶȳųƷ˽

˵һȻһ˲ƿ˳Ʒֱ䵽˳Ʒϣǿֲγ˾޴ıըɲǼ伸ҪƷ
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ǿֲıըڶ¶˼ЦݣæԽ罫Լ
ʵС֮гƷµĽ磬սನԻǳء
֮ȻӹɣҲĵơ
ʱһһʧĶ֮еõһϹŴͨߵĴУһĻͨԴڴˡ
һ֮ǿҲӹɡ
Ȼ˭֪룬ЦݾסˣȴһƬ𺣺ͱը֮Уһֻ͵һץ˳һöȻһָֻץС
һӡ֮ϣ˲͸оԼƿʧӰ٣ԭ֮ĸӦҲʧΡ
ôܣ˵ɴ۾ӵ϶¶˲˼顣
ûĶ֣ȻԼһ˲佫ץߣһܹӡסԼԼĸӦʧ
Ʒ˿ȷȷʵϹƳ
ڵʵļ֮УҲǷּģ͵ܹͨƣߵģһܹشʼĸ֡
ǰһöӦ൱߼ˣڳ˵Уеʮ֮һܶûб
ǺöУֱǱƷ죬˵
С˶ʱŭƷҲˣȻҳЦƿأֱ̫
һ˲䣬ٶȳˣһֻɫĴץ˳ֱһӳųƷͷ­ץ˹ȥҪһȽƷץ˵

ƷЦһֱһȭ˳ȥ
أ
ǿֲҫһɿֲĿ񳱣˺üʱȴޱȵѿ
ֱ۶Ʒһȭҵķ飬ȻջһѪ
ʱﻹиղŰ֮ɫףԼһĴԭΪԼΪλʵӦѹ컯Ŷԡ
˭֪Ʒʵôֻ̬컯սλĸֶش
ٿƷ֮УżֺȻ飬·ڿһˣڿһƤĿֲ
ôŹ˶ãƾѾ
֪Ʒոڶ˶Ů̾ͻͷҲص뿪ԴҲǶԼʵžԵģԼʵȻô
ߣ
̾Ѿ˾תҪߣֱӻһҪߡ
ڲҪߣδе̫˰ɣ
Ʒһһıƾղ˲ͬһһ׷ȥ
أ
һ˲䣬˾ͱһסӺݺݵ䵽˵ϡ
˹˲öϱ֮ʹϵţҪӳǸûκô޷෴ģĲȻԽԽ
һ˾ͲϷʹĽ֮鲼ȫ˺궼ڲ
ʱƷ֮УҲû˿ʼſ⣬෴ģֻо֮ɫ·ƷͬǸǴһ㣬һ֣ܴ޻֮
ǺεȾ˵ʵ
һֱڣƷǲɽ¶ˮ͸Ʒʲôʵ
ڿ˵˵˰ɣ㵽ʲôͷһλ˾ʲôˣƷһһߵ˳˵ǰ
ҿڣ
ҡҡͷ̾뵽һλ˵ֶΣһλˣºҪֲĶˡ
ûбѡ
ȻˣǾͱʹˣƷһܹĴ󷨣򵥴ֱҲϹʱ˶ϲõķš
ַһ֢Ǿһʹ֮󣬱ʹõĶ󼸺ٷְٻɰ׳ա
ڳˣûʲôģϾ֮ǰҪԼء


2043 ꣬컯
Ʒһӡһֱֻץ˳˵ͷ­֮ϣֻһҽУʱļӿ˳ƷԺ֮С
ǳ˵һǴĻʳɢ֮һһСɣȻţŵĹģɢҲûʲôֱ
һдһϹǿߵĶûõǵõһöͨ𣬳Ϊɢޣһٿ컯
Ȼ콾ϵ콾ûʲôɱԣʵϣһ콾ҲǼ¼һˣָ壬Ļʳڣܹ콾Ҳʮ˶ѣͬжߣʤ
Ʒ˳һλʱس˵ͷ­͵һըѿһغ׵ԽѪҺ
Ʒ˵棬Ȼзӡһ̽鵽֮صϢʱ򣬾ͻֱըѿ
úݵֶΣĻ
Ʒ˵
˿еһλˣȻҲʮֵܣп漰ܵʱ򣬾Ȼϵ˳Ժ֮еķӡȻҲ׼
ֹͨ󷨵ֶ̽ܡ
𾪵ǣô˵һλĸּ֣ĸ֣ڵҲԺһʱˣȻʵʵԼԺ֮˽ơ
νˡ
νһλ˵֮⣬ƷӺΪʲôҪԼͷѪ
Ʒţ¼Ҫɱˣ˵ʤ¼˸ǲ
ƷɣڷڣֻҲ˶˳ۡ
ҪͷѪʲôԭ
һֵͷѪжôȻӹɣҩ־ֵͷѪǳƷܾó˿еһλ˾ԲôֻҪͷѪȥ
ôʲôԭأ
Ʒ΢΢һ䣬ˮ̫ˣߵʱյĵλ˵Ȼδ֮ա
Ʒп꣬˵ʱɽͼ֮УȫѪ⽽֮С
˳˵Ѫ֮󣬾Ȼʼ賤㳤֮һңͣ
Ʒ΢΢ЩȻϾͷӦ˹⻹ͷһλֵѪ⡣
һλֵѪԶʮ컯۷ĸֻҪĸӾˣ˫Ĳ࣬бϵĲֱ࣬ͬն
ͬʱϣԭеöĻϣȻٳһöԭöɫŨ̺ҲӵĻ
ҪץʱͻƵ߾磬ǾͻƵλĻ⸴ӵľƲԱƷ⡣
˵ϮҲ˾޴ΣУȻ¼ɵڵкܶ࣬ȻҲкܶ˲ڷ
ʵȻǿ󣬵¼бǿ֮ˡ
öһö㹻Ϊһ뵽컯أǸʱΪֻࡣ
ƷɽͼĿռ䣬ȳƽ˹гƷ˷䣬ѾһͿ·ĩյսһ㣬ѾΪ촷ۣʱΪ𾪡
Զڷ˼ҵսȴһ㶼ֻ֪ú亹졣
ڳƷûҪ˼Ͼ˿λĸ֣ȳôܲĴڡ
ˣҲκβ˳ˡ
෴ģ˷ǻ£ĳ˻ʲô飬֪
ƷԸ˽ʰ֮󣬳ƷŽɽͼĿռ֮бչС
ڳƷչеʱ磬ΪҲңݺݵ˶ŮǽŮڵȽ
Ů֮УϴһЩ޴зŭҪóƷѪĴۡ
Ҳ֮ͬԣ
һʱ䣬ŮںͷڸײϣνǾƶ
˵ⲻֻһʱļϾŮںͷڶȻڴĻʳڸϵ񣬲֪ضΪӵĹϵʹ֣»ᵼ´Ļʳ⵽ش͢Ҳưոݡ
ܹȻײһʱ䣬Ʒͷνޱȣһ֮У޳ҡ
Ķ֮Уһգۣʱͬ׾Թ϶һɹ
ԶǣԶڣƷרıչڣƷٶȳ֣ɽͼ˳
ʱȥҵʵڸһ컯ˣ


2044 
Ʒ˸ȫµĹͷһž죬ʱƷôһһ泩ĸо
ٶȳأƷʵԭĻиһ
ֱӳ컯أ
ÿһεľֻǾϵսķһҲ⣬Ϊԭոտλʱֽһ
ﵽСλڣ
λ֮Уֳַ磬ֱСλλλÿֳֻĸС磬ڣڣ۷塣
ȻֻǰһսԭеĻ֮ࡣ
ʱ֮УƷǿ磬׹˾磬˴Բ
ƷȻΣУȴҲ֪һеĸڣι̣ôһжֻȻѡ
Ʒ˵ƾΪڷ֮У˾ͽϯ̫ϳϵ֮⣬Ѿվ۷Ĵˡ
ƷȴоЩϵĸ֣ӦֻǷʵһֶѣĻô¼ʮ֮һĵ̡
ƷԼȥöֻǷеһöѣʣµö㹻һ·е컯۷塣
̺˳˵ľѪ֮˸һ
Ѿ಻ס˼˼ǰңɽȥ˼ꡣ
أƷҪ뿪ȴչصķ֮в֪ʲôʱѾһˡ
ƷҺõȣ
һ£ĸߴݿʲվڳƷǰֱǹһ㣬һֲֿѹУֱƳƷ
ǺˣƷʱһ˲ĸоë̫֮ڤѪʾЩ̫Ļ֮ԶԶ˵ǶΣյĸ֪ҲͬԶԶѰ˵
أƷһ˵ݣһ콾һľ͡
Դ˶Ůش˼һ֮ΪŮˣƷôܲȥעԾ͵̶֪ȣƷȻɵľͻ˾͵ĻӰͼΡ
ǰ֮뻭Ӱͼ֮ϵľһģһ׼ȷ˵Ӱͼ֮ϵľҪֲʮ
ӰͼϿɻôµѹȸС
ͣʲôƷһ˲䣬Ͱڳ˷̬Ϊ֪Լ;֮䣬ԲʲôƽĿԡ
ôϳƷҲмֱ£
Į¶˼ЦݣƺڰƺڳЦһ㡣
涫ŮôƷԺ֮̾תͷ²ʹĿġ
ΪҲôĵ飬ҵĽŲһܣôʸҵĵ£ͻ첻ĵ˵
Įĺ˺һûʲôĻˣ˵ѰΪΪŮȻΪŮʵʮĵ顣
˵ֻ֪Ͽ㹻ʵŮӳΪԼĵ¡
ʲôƷ˵
ЦЦȻߵ˳Ʒǰһ飬ŹţԭһΪܻǬԪǸҲмֱ£ڿȷʵмֱ£
˿ĻȥȻ󲨣ʱգǬԪѾƷܣ˵ӡ֮УҲһµĸǴ콾ã˳ƷôһѳһĹ֮ͬУж֡
ھ͵ĿУͳһʵķ
͵֮ƽ޲ǬԪһȲǱǬԪҲǿΪУǬԪȷʵǸ
ɳɿΪҵĶ֣ûлˣ¶Ľ飬ƺܹϿɳƷδпܳΪĳһ֣͸ǳƷϵҫһ㡣
ʲôƷĵأƷʲôһͷһ绮ҹһӳƷԺ֮л
˲䣬·ʲô鶼ˡ
ǸģƷȵ
ƺҲеƷܹ뵽һ㣬ֻǻ벻˵ȷʵȥģǸôС¶ã
ǰ
Ͷڳ˵û˿ĶݣһĮƺ˵ûòǰֱ񼫵һ
Ʒǰ˺Ƹеĸ飬ҲãĸҲö˵ƺֻһ޹ؽҪĴڡ


2045 ȿֲľ
˱ǬԪҪһٱǬԪȻҲᣬҲҪɱǬԪûԵز
ǬԪԼĽŵĽȻܶʱҲ᲻ֶΣվԼĽ
ǾͬΪ˴ĿģǰҲ˿ܻ䣬ûмޣҲûɱ⣬ֻǺƽ顣
ͺѰ·߰βһһڰβݵʱѵԲ¶ɱô
Ҳ֪Ǹܵ顣
֪˵ǬԪвǸѹûн
һʼƷΪΪ˶Ůǰͨ˵飬Ʒŷָӡ
˱ɳʱ򣬳Ʒû¶ҪԸŮ˼˵ǶԶŮˡ
ҲɼãҪȡͷѪͶŮҲûκιϵһʼ;Ҫ֡
۳ƷǲǶԶŮ֣Ҫ֡
ƷеɻˣΪʲôҪ֣
Ⲣһ콾һһ콾һִѹͿԽ͵˵ġ
ҪҵͷѪʲôƷʵ
ĮĿһ۳ƷͲҪ֪ˣܹΪҵĴҵשߣң
أͿ˳ƷдȥĴѶֻЦһ˵㲻ôϢˣΪȥΪ㴫Ϣ֮Ǿüô
ƷԼʱ䴫ϢıˣҲΪ⣬ֻĿžͣȻ󿪿˵ôаõңŮͬһģһҵĶ֣
ұȣʲôǳЦһôˣһ¶ȫһ顣ǸոеСλˣҵʵرɱ㣬ò˶ã
ͶԼʵžԵš
ˣлΪֹˣʵֵҸ˵ôãҲ·ˣ
һ˲䣬ֱӳ֣һֻͬצһ㳯ųƷķץ˹ȥ
ֻץ˳ȴﵽ˾׵ĳ̶ȣٶȿ磬ɲǼ䣬ѾֱƷؿڡ

ǧһ֮ʣһĽ
Ʒ˺üжȥһɿֲľϣһڸڲϵĲ
ղžǧһ֮øĻһ˲ͻᱻץࡣ
͵԰ȷʵûеԶԶĿǰƷ֪λĸ֣Ůͳ˺ֱͬӤԴһ㡣
ҲλʵƷüͷ΢
ʣ͵ʵҪǿһ󾳽ϵʵҲζ˫սҲͬһ󾳽ϡ
ĴڣƷûκʤ㡣
ߣ
ƷһӦҪ뿪ϾͷӦ˹︽ѾͲ˸ֽ磬ʱҪߣǸܵ顣
˵ּǺġ
ѹ־ͺİѺܶ͸ֻھ͵Ҳûʲôֱ𣬾֪һЩΣ
Ҳֻǽһдȥ
⻹ǳƷһ˿ֲĶ֣˿µľ
֮ǰǬԪʵҲǿ󣬵ȴûǿо޽ĵز
ףͼԼһûɱƷɵ¶˼ֵ飬ƺҲû뵽ƷȻԵסһ
е˼Ҳ͵Ϊֹˣ鿪ʼ¶˼顣
ˢ
͵ʧԭأٶȳֵʱ򣬾Ѿ˳Ʒǰ
̫ˣ
Ʒֻоһ˲䣬һɿֲϢϯ˹ûбѡ񣬸жϣֻƾű֣ܳеĸһ˲ն
䣡
ƷǰĿռ䶼նƣֱӵס˾ץһ
ǿֲƷĸɳȥƷֱھҵĲѪ˵ҲǷǳ·硣
¾͵ľԶԶǿ˲ֹһ󾳽磬󾳽硣
ԳƷʼսǿ˵ҲԼþͱǺεȵĿ¡
ֱ̫ޣ֮ĲɲƾֱܹĨƽģ͵ӳƷĶߴڷ·𲢲żҪƷնɱ
ͺһֻèŪһ

ƷһȣеĸֱӺնգȻ˲жϳ˾͵λãͷ­նȥ

ֻһƷĸ赲


2046 ƴһͬھ
ȴǾԵ赲˸ǰֱն˾͵ֱ֮ϣȴûа취˿Ĵ
ÿµ
Ʒͫ΢΢ͽֶԿԼҲܹ˵򶼾
ҲΪˣ֪Ҫͽ赲Ҫεǿ
͵ΪҪԶԶǿƷͬǿӦòܱȳƷӿ¡
Ǽˣ͵ǿҲǳƷ֮һһǿ
˵ĸ֣ûκԣּĴڣʵ֮൱ǳԽĻûп֮࿹⡣
ۺԼ޵У
ΪƷҲ͵ĸ֣Ըֻ¶Ҳһǰĸֵ
Ʒͬĸ֣Ѷȣȫķչûκζ̰мĹϵ
κһ˵ҪͶ̴ͬ˵κһ˵ǿƷ֮࿹⣬ǿͺܿˡ
ڳƷҲһ͵ĸ֡
Ʒĺ˼ֻϧˣңҵľʵǰûκʤ㣡
ֻƽ˵ƺ˵ԾԵʵѹƷ¸ԸƷҲʲôɳܵ顣
ᵽ˼£ֻдַǿǿ
ضûС
ƷɫǿĶ֣Ҳû˿ҪͶĴ㣬еĸϵնһµĽâɨգռ䶼ѳ
Ʒչֳ˼ΪĽǷǳټģΪƷĶ֣ԽȵزȫԾԵʵѹ
һʮصڳƷչֵ쾡£
Ծ͵ʱ򣬳ƷΪĹȻȫѹƣֻʹóЩƽʱʹõĸ־Ľ͸
ǺѹͥŲܹ֮ƷĹƿںܶʱƷĹûа취䵽ϡ
ʵȫȫѹ˳ƷͬƷڵЩһֻһΣ֮Ҳ
ͿνһδεĽƷƵ·оǣƷȻܹϵĶ㿪ĹÿΪƷɵʱ򣬳Ʒܹǧһ֮ʣƾżͬҰһֱ㿪Ĺ
þʹȤƷϿ϶ܣȤҲͳһѣûȤϾ˵ʲôܶҪ
ͬѰܣȻߵʱյĵλ
Ʒϵٶ࣬õĴ˵Ҳǲֵһġ
Ķ棬ƷѾܹԸоһֱΣĸо
ȻϵڶʵϣܹŲĿռԽԽС
չڵķΧ̫СˣҲͿóƷӰ̫ϵĶȻܹǿŵڡ
һѾһѱʹˡ
ˣÿεĹ䵽͵ϣĿֲ֮ټϱ͹ನɨ֮󣬳Ʒ֮ϣѾ𽥶һ˿ڣ֮ÿһë׶͸Ѫ
֪ƷźεȿµķһˣҲѾˡ
Ƕھ˵ʱƣԭһ˿ڳƷĺѾʧ٣෴ģʣµֻޱߵɱ⡣
ѾˣҪ콫Ʒ
ڣƷֲסһɳȥѪ죬ݺݵ䵽˵ϡ
Ϊֵܹڣ԰ˣĮ˵˵ʱʱ죬ֱһ֣ûжĶֱȡƷࡣ
ͣ
Ʒؿڱֱиһ޴ޱȵ˿ڣʺвϵһ˲䣬һɿֲƷͷľѪһ˲ͱ˸ɸɾԭǿҲһ˲䲻
ĿԼ֮һžѪһžѪһ˵ɫͬ͸һֽɫ
˴ǷʣڴһžѪܿóȷʵǷʣ
ͿųƷȻ֪ƷʲôʣѾںˣֻҪǷʵͷѪͿԣʲôķʣ⡣
ҷҪõĶϣҸһʹ죡
ĿųƷҪ֡
أȴƷ֮зѳһöͬһķһķ˲ֱըչҡ
¡
ɲǼ䣬һĢƻڶһʱ䣬Զ𾪡


2047 
һĢưžĻ˳ֱӳ˾µĽ磬һ˲Զǡ
ǱըķԶУһĳڵĳ֮С
׷ʲôѵ⵽Ϯ
˵һӦǾòܣ֪ǵĳȻǺ֮ڵ֮ѾǾ֮һˣжӵǵĳ
ۣҲûи֪еϮ
̶ֳȵıըٳٶ۵Ҳ֪ˣֻ³ǳ˴ˡ
ãڳеȳȷӦ˹ڳķһ˻̫õȴͬȴ֪֮ǰƷѾܹһι
һҲûκεףȻƷͱͻϮˡ
Ʒ͸¶֪һǰͻϮĵʵǳǳǿȫǸְһ𶼲Ķ֣ܹ׾ٵǱС
һγĪıը뵽ͬ
ûκԥ̵ųȥ

ʱڳУƷͻһִһֲľͱס
ʱҲû˿ʼʱ־ᣬȫ·ޱȣϣȻжദˣദɫǱըɵĿ
һöǳ˵ģ䵽˳ƷУҲһöʱδʲô˲õģ˭֪ԭﲻ۵һöȻ֮
Ȼˣ˵ֻЩǱĻôֻԼ֪ըֱӺУشֻǿûֱըѵѡ
ⶼǳƷɵģ֮ǰѹûпƷһè׽һĸоϷˣƷĿС
˭֪ȴƷһºݵģ⻹ǵÿǿޱȣһ˵ըˡ
ºĸֻ֣ҲѷסͻһУΨһ·ߡ
ͬھ
ǳƷ׼ͬھʽͷѪգ඼֮ͶΪƷ޻֮ʱ򣬳Ʒһֱ͵ĵڱˡ
ĳǸ֮ŭ飬еŭ𲻶ȼա
һʼƷͶʱǾͶڳƷķʱ򣬳ƷҲܹǱһ£ش
Ʒ϶Ҳ뵽һ㣬Բһֱ̲вϼΪƷʤͷһ
ʵ츳Ļ߸ϣѲŰѰ콾һĴڶɱġ
漴ɱɢˣƷѾˣڸղıը֮УشοѾϾĳƷ
ȻĿ⿴ȥƷʬѾֻʣһƬڣȻҲǱֱըˡ
ˣǿסƷʬε˼֪ﲻʺϾ
´ӳƷʼһоѾȫɿƣ￿ȻĴڣ϶Ͼͻᾪĸ֡
ͱ㾶ֱһʧ
ȳƵ˸ϵʱ򣬾ֻѾһƬΪоµĽĹϵԶûиһΪҽǽӷѾᾧĻȻܹóըжôľˡ
үүȳƱĴһΪڷ֮һƬڵĳƷ
ԳƷʵȻǵ𺳿֪
أȳƶȻ֣Ʒָ΢΢һ£ӦѾϾ壬ͻȻʼ΢˳
Ʒ۾
үүȳƵϲ⣬ΪƷѾ⣬û뵽ƷȻš
ү˭͵Ϯȳæ͵ϮôܹƷ˵ز
һųƷһͨŵӳɳĴģҲľˣҲãƷܣһ޶
ǾͣƷòײ³һ˵
ȻȳƲ˼˵ͬڳƷˣΪھ͵ĴȻš
Ʒش˶Ů飬ڶŮľ»ص˵Ұ֮С
ֻû뵽͵ĵӾȻ֮󣬵ͻϮƷҪ֪Ǵ
һҪϸ泯ܾ͢׵ķŹȳƴһ˵
Щ飬֮㸺ϵȥ֮ȴƷ˵


2048 ´
Ʒȳƣ˵;͵һսȻûȴҲѾĶϾȫطĻ֧Ųڣ
͵һս˵ʷһΣһαĴ׷ɱҪҡ
һȻĴ׷ɱˣһξ;ǳͷѪ
ͷѪȻӶһգǱĹӶˣһˣʱѾ͸͸ˣͲҪըֱˡ
ǳƷȴͬʵ̫ǿˣȻǿסһ˿ش˾͡
һöڳ˵Уʮ֮һܶûзӳڳƷУȫһˡ
Ʒеʵļ䣬ĵرͨ˽ⶼԶ˵
ܹ
һҲƷһ˿ϾѾϾĻôױƭġ
ͦһأľڵ̫ڤѪ
̫ڤȻǷ֮е֣ȴҲǷˣз˵ıͨҲ̫ڤ˵ıͨ
Ʒֻһ̫ڤ˵Ѫһ֮󣬳ƷԶͨڤڤ֮еһûгȥ
еԭܶ࣬Ҳˣһ˼һ̫ڤ˵ѪҲܾѷ֮ˡ
Ϊǵ̫ˣ޷ֵʱ򣬾Ѿȥˡ
һʱ䣬ҿ¶Ҫ״̬ԶԺͽˣƷ˵ƷɫһƬڣѾսˣʵϣȷʵѾ;ƿݵ״̬ˣƷҲˡ
ĻָѾ;ƿݣûκαİ취ֻʹ׷ͨԼ״̬»ָ
ҲĿǰΨһеİ취
ϹŷһıͨÿһεһÿһεҲһ츲صı仯ҲΨһһܹİ취
ٶȳ֣Լ֪ҪʲôʱϹʱڵķĶС
ÿһε֪һγֻʲôʱҪЩ½
⣬һöҽţͰˣ»ƷĽһö򽻸ȳƣһ˲䣬ƷѾɽͼĿռ֮С
ֻʣб֮ɫȳƵˡ
ڿʼԶָӣֱүΪֹӽ쿪ʼкڣйص˻£ͳͳԶµУһһΣ
һҹ֮䣬һ춯صϢʹ£콾һĳƷΪϮɱش֮
֮ˣȴǱˣһ콾һ͡
ϢʱţϾ뵱ŮƷ裬Ѿȥ˰ʱ䡣
Ϊͻ֣Ȼûг֣˿ǼɵڵĴڡ
Ȼ˶Ѿ˰ǰǼʱ򣬾ͺȻ֡
ֵĽҲʮ𾪣Ʒش
˽׺ݵֶΣѣһ֣½
û֪ͶԳƷֵĿ꣬˵ͶڳƷֵԭֻһԣǱǶŮһ¡
һʱ䣬¼ͬը˹һϢԲϣкܶഫţƷ֪Ѿˡ
ʱƣԽԽϢԶд˳һը֪ˣ̫ˣըγɵĢֱ
ϢҲס
˵Ĵ֮£Ʒ˵ϣŭ֮µķڸ߲ĵţ֮õϢĴ̫ξĵţûܹƷ
·紫˵ƷѾˣֻǰҪϢԲԶ»ѳû
ָԶΪάųļϢ
ϢңںͷڵĦҲԽԽء
ңɽǶԾͨȻдǹ俤һУǿͨģƺҲ֤˳ƷѾȥ顣
һʱ䣬»ȻңɽȻʵڣȻǼܲסгô֡
Ҳδظңɽ
̫ϳǰңɽ涼û㱻ֱӸ˳ȥ
һʱ䣬¼䶼ΪƷҡ


2049 ƱãʱҴ
ݳǣĻʳغ֮أλĻʳ֮أͬʱҲȫ½ͨĺĵشͨ˴
ԴӴĻʳݳǱѾ۳֮һ
ʵݣ¼Ķݣ֪нǿΪܹһԶǧǰʵݡ
еĲҲûͨˣĲʯΪңѰҲܺȵ
һգʵ֮ڣƽѵһĸ֡
Щ϶Ѱ˸ҽӽǿϢ
ڵ콾һһˣʮǰһҲ˿أ
ǰ콾»֮󣬾Ѿֵһ콾ǵˣ
ͬһð˳֮ǰһ콾ѹס޷ðͷһ콾콾Щµ콾ðͷҲŶȻ֣Ȼֳô콾
֮У۷׷ףƺΪʲô飬۵ͷرЩǿߣ֪ܶѰ˲֪顣
Ҳַͨʽ˽´ơ
һ콾ʱ񵥾̫ˣ콾ᣬʤδ֣һ콾Ѿ̶ˣı仯ûУ
˼ճѹͬǶ콾һڣв֪˱ѹĴ
˼һ˼ͽ˵Ĺâᾡһ֣ȻǾ£ѹͬ
ҿ콾սĻͬ˵һ϶ûˣ
ڲͬˣԿһЩˣܵ˵һ콾񣬶ÿʮŵ콾
˿˵ȴ˷׷׵ͷһ콾ʮſ϶ȱϯʣµ޷Ǿǹ̶ĺ֮еһЩ壬֮ڵ壬к壬֮ĳЩ岿̶ԴԴϵĳ콾콾
Ͳ˵ˣͬʱӼңΪǵ̫̫ˣÿһһϣ
˵һ콾񣬷ǲˣ˫˫˫ϰ񣬻ԶԾ֮ˣΪ콾ʮһǿĹѷ֣
˾̾ĻǷ˫ǵһˣɱţڵƷ֮콾һ֮Ѿǵ˰ɣǰνֶѷʤͷۣŲ˭ʤһһԼݳһսӦҪֳʤˣ
ᵽ⼸֣ڳ϶ɵ¶־̾顣
⼸֣һ⣬ǽҫ֣κʱ򣬳վ¾Ǽ֮⣬˹עģһ콾ı仯
ÿһ콾ı仯˵ļۡ
һβͬ콾ϾȻͬʱӵжʵţ˫ԣչֳԶͬĿֲ츳
ȥ䣬˫ֹΣѷʤڶξͷ֮ǰ콾񻻰ĵһʱ䣬űƣֻսѷʤͬʱΪ콾һ
˵Ľ棬ӦǱ˵Ľɣû뵽һ˵Ĵ˵ǵĴ˶Ѿˣ
һЦЦƺ뵽˵ķ¡
ǰźƺʣ˴ˣ˵ܣõ˵洫Ƹһ˵洫ӣٺ٣źƵĽ棬ҲǱ˵棬ϧ̫磬пܿľ֮սҲӰ
һ˸п˵ǰž޵ÿһ¹һʱĴ˵ͬȻʧɫ
ʱǺε緢ɽӣǵĵӶѾ¼ķλиֵС
˵˭ôоϴգ˭˵˭ʲôµģпʮ߰ڳĴ£ŵݣЩ˵
ʦȥʦӦ֪
ҲֱӶ˵
˵ʦһԼĪʮģˣʵʦ˵Ǹ˺Ǹ˵˭ʲôôἰǵ
֪¼ЩĴᵽֶһּɻ䣬ƽʱҲ룬Щﲻǣᶼᣬдѽ١
ţ»ƫͲаǿᵽֶܴѡ
ҡҡͷȻȻ˵ǴҲûǿᵽֶһּɻ䣡
˭˿ʦʵ


2050 Ʒ
˵⣬úܶмֻ֮ɫ·˵¡
ЦЦ˵㲻˽Ǻ棬콾ϵЩ콾˵Ҳ棡
һˣһ콾һƷһһ콾һͣ˻ڣö˵ʲôֻһ콾һܹ˵ǵķ
һ콾ϵĺ콾ڲ¥֮д󲿷˵󼰵Ĵ
ȴһʱ콾һеķ
԰ʦҼǵãһ콾һ˼ôôֶһƷˣЩ˵Դ֪콾һѾ˼ˡ
ƷǴĶðġ
ͬƾðʯһ
ֻЦҡҡͷ֮ˣλʱ򣬺ɨͬѹ콾ŹЩϲȻԺʣһȵȣǵ°ֻܽһ˾ɱȺ֣ϵĴﲻԽͬĸǴ
˶ּ֮ڣ֮ǰ콾һ˼꣬λʱҲֻӵڶ
˵ԱˣȻ֪ǸƷжЩڵĴǸгƷ˵ʱȴԾ£Ѿ֤ǵˡ
ſڣվû˵ʲôЩƷ°ܽҲкü궼ûгˣ˵˵ǰˡ
ЩһΪԽ˸֮е̫ϳϣһһеĽĻʳڹְλȨأٲȻѾһС
ЩһЩ۵콾ڣѾ¼һͷѾȫͬˡ
ںʱѾǵʱһΨһһĴڣνǷǸ˵Ҿ˵ʵƷͲӦһ콾콾ʮǰѾϮɨ֮ͬУ޵УҲͽ콾񣡡
֮콾϶ޣȴû޵Ҫ󣬲ų˳ƷԶԶЩ콾ȴϰ
Ҳټ콾ϼһΪܳ˽ܣʣУԴһģҪϮҪɨһǿУΪ콾һû
콾ϵĳܣ󣬻Զǵͬţһڣǵ껪ԶĹâȴһڱΣԱ˸п˵ڻԶ콾ǰУ֤ʲδضµĴˣʮǰѹƵһâûУƷֱǹ
ޱ𾪣ǳƷ¼ѾʮֵĴˣ˵ƷʵӦһ콾
ϮԾ˵ϮΪһ콾һͺϮΪڵ콾ĵһһ޶֪еѶж󣬸
ȻƷȴˣȷʵһ档
꼴˼궼ûа취ôȫ˼˵
ӡ֮У˼ʣǴ˵еĳţŹ˼ഫ¼ģȻǸƷλʱҪѹһͷ
ֲ޷š
˼ʵʣҲֻ£ǵµĹϵԲδս˵˼ƷڣҲδܹѹһͷȴվ޷õ֤ʵˣϾѾˣЩ˼ӵдҲûа취֤ʵǸ˵˵ͷ˵
Ҳޱȵĸпʵ˼꣬ɨһͬȴվҲֻλµڶ˼겻УֻǳƷ̫ˡ
˼ϣЩ½½Ϊ֪֪Ƿʣʾ죬ǳƷȴ̫ͬˣ²ǷʣҲֻǲ²⣬ò֤ʵ
޷󣬵ֻҪ֪ĳɾͣҲǿ洫֪ˣ˻˵
ȻôΪʲôҴû֣ȥĶˣĪôǸһ¸ղŵ𺳣ȴ̲סʳеɻ
ôСôһζû˵ȫѧԾԼ֮ǰֻҪţܻϢһϢûС


2051 ԾʼƷ
Ҳͬмĺ棬һֻʦһЩòͿԿóһǴ
Ǹ΢΢һ٣Ȼ󿪿˵±˵ģһ콾һľйأ괫ţԶǣͻϮ˳Ʒ֮󣬳Ʒ֪֪
ȻںԶǷһֱţȻ֮ѾȥʮˣҲûκϢ˽ΪֻѾˣ
˵Ӳɵ̾һ
ʱ֪ΪʲôһȻţһϢûˡ
Ȼǣһһ콾׾Ȼᱻһ콾һϮɱ˵ֱ֮£֪콾Щ콾Ľ֣Ȼ˵ļҡ
ʦô飬ѵ͢ô겻ɵò˵Ѱ˵ɱĻʳǲںģ콾һһʱŵľ֮еţκһ䣬ǴĻʳľ޴ʧ
̾һôܲܣ³͢˵飬Ҳͬеפֻ޶֤ҲƷ֤֮ټԶһϵƳƷδ͢Ҳֻգ
֮಻Ĵս˼ǶԾսݸֲȷĴţʮ˼նɱǿλ׷߳ʮҲܹ͵ķЩ˴ں˱ìܺĦҲûͣЪͳƷйЩں;͵ıҲûͣ
أһƺͳŵһսĪҲǺ͵йأ
ӵ˵ͷȻ֮ս콾׵أǹף׷ԴΪվϮɱƷһս
ףԭĿһսףȻ͵Ĵйϵ
ʱ͵ҲĶС
һս̫ˣǿ˺ܶ࣬˳ƷĿˣֹһֻҲ⣡
ٺ٣ЩҲƲ磬걻Ʒı⼸ԳųҲһΣﰵﶼУǳƷȴеƷ֮ƣȻԽսԽǿ
˵ǰЩ˳ƷٵĿû뿴𣡡
أ֮һɧ
ԾʼˣѾȵˣ
ʱһɧһڲͷ׷ʧƬ֮䣬ԭַǷĲݱ壬ڽ֮УһӰλϣԵøĲͬ
˿ԼĪŶʮģݣλ֮ϣֱķ·һ˳ǹһ㡣
ƽƽ棬ڽʲôط·ܹһˡ
ܹһ֮У˵϶ǲͨˡ
֮˲ŷĲ豭̾һû뵽һת۾ȻʮˣŶѾ콾һˣ
΢΢пƽƽ棬˫֮вϱһľ⣬ʾĵĲƽ
ֻԼ֪ǱˣǸղ۵Ȼ͢һƷ
ƷипһεķʱȻգۼѾʮʱ䣬ЩϤ˺ҲѾΪͬˡ
ͬΪ콾ϵЩҲѾ¼ĴͷĳţһͬڵĻԶˣڶһ콾
ֱ仯оֱ±ã
ǵõŵʱ򣬻ǸѣڶѾµ콾
ʮʱ䣬±ãҲһεɱ䣬͵Ϯɱ̫أһֱ֮ǰ˷һ˱
ûоκˣͷ棬һˡ
˳źƵһս֮󣬱̸ݳǡ
˵ǰ㣬һս£»ĸ֣веˡ
ƷĹ֮У˶ˣԼҲ㲻ˡ
ʱƷڵʱκβóƷȴǶԳ֡
ʮǰϮɱһսҲóƷӡ̣ͬʱҲˣʲô츳ûгɳվΣա
¼䲻֪ж˶ҪɱŵĴڡ
źƵһս֣ҲûбҪֻ֣ǳδǰ·ϵһ̤ʯһĥʯ
ֻĥ³ŶѣЩֳ֣Ͳͬˡ
ãЩ˲֡Ʒĵͳš


2052 콾Ⱥ
ݳǽϷһγɵ̨˰֮Уһ̨Ȼǵһ
֮УԾ齻֣õйݻС
һרΪ콾׼ķ̨Ͼ콾ʵѾǬ۷壬ĸȫ֣Իء
̨֮ϣһһ£һ絶ֶƺڵȴʲôһ
̨ΧѾۼӰֻ˶ڿռ֮УڱΣǶ֪ǰӵݣǱˣǾ͵洫ӣһ콾һѡơ
ƵһʵȻ˵ã˵һǰѾڵĳţ޵ˣò˶ãʵͿԿڵ̫ϳˣ
˸пֻվţͬΡѩɽ
Ծ͵ʵ۽˵ȷʵֵľžޣôܹķۣ
һ棬鴫
û뵽ʮʱȥˣЩ߳ƵǵĴ˶ˣ
˸п˵
Ʒ˶ٶ£ֱ飬Ĵ˶ˣ·һޣ͸նˣڳ֮УǴж⡣
ǵڳƷϳԿĲδͬƷ㣬ֺ飬һƬһƬֵ䣬ɶƷɱĶҡ˸
ЩˣƷڵʱôǰ˵ЩֻıŶԸĵӣǳƷع飬ǻô
Ҳ˿ȥм˵ǿЩֻԳƷĵӣȴƷûƢӲѡ
Ʒžޣɵӡ̵˼ڣȻĵز
ڳƷҳ֣ΣΪ»ǵǸʱô˼Ͳ˵ˣһ֮ɱ콾УڵЩ˦콾ǣĸʵ֮£
ڻع飬ҲȻ˶ѣ˶ڽֻԭ̤Ϊпǵǰô
˲м˵ǿƷͬԶһϵ˵ھ͵Ϯɱ֮дҲǹӲѡ
ȻˣܾѾȥˣĻʮʱ䣬ôһϢûУ΢һЩˣš
˼걻ͷɱ⵽شʱ򶼲֡
ţʱ̭ˣȻ˰ˡ
ȻˣǿЦǱˣƷ˼һͣӦǺһ콾ͬһʱģʮƷûдʵˣԵֳʵҲԶԶڵЩ콾ô
ȷʵˣǴƣסƷһôҲȻ˵Ļ˵ˮƽҲ̫ˣ
Ⱥ֮УΪƷ绤Ʒ̫ˣͬģ޵Ҳͬ˵Ŀ⣬в֪һ꽫ż񣬴ʱƷǱӵҲ٣Ҳ
һʱ䣬̨ΧĿռ֮Уೳ
ˣ
ʱأһ˺
ȴһݹԶ˹ɲ֮Ѿ˵ǰ
һһϮ£ͷڹڣ˾Ȼͬһڱһ㣬δʱо˵
ĽǣֱǧѵһĽŵʣһ춯صĽΪͬ޶֣
ڳʿ̾˵ֻ˲ףνǺεȵľˡ
ڽϣЩʳڣȺʣеͬΪġ
ЩˣͶԽž˵г̶ȣҪôѧϰܹƿر˸޷Ľ
κνǵƾһ֮Ͽľʣ˿Щ˵Ҳ˿
˼ֱѷ£һ֮УȻѷֲٵ˫ǣҲˣ
εսΪ˽ֵȻ˵ķɣҲǲǿˣ
أԶִһɧ˷ȥ֮У֪ʲôʱ򣬾ȻӰЩӰÿһ϶ԴǿϢƣҪǣǶ˵ᡣ
콾ϵ콾Ҳˣ
ȻӦΪ˿콾һǿĶ֣
û뵽һսȻô콾콾ֳʤµһҲûܣ


2053 µһֻһ
һźƵսֻ¹˵ͬʱҲϵ콾ı仯
콾õϢģ׷׸ˡ
һ϶ȽϿǰΪϣڵǿš
һսıĿǰ콾ľơ
ţ֮ĶԹӦһ˶ˣµһôˣⲻǻ֮ӽ쿪ʼµһֻһ
ƱֶϴżΪǿƵϢ˫һն𶯡
˵ţƾֱ֮е̨֮ϡ
ãҲд⣡ֻǵ˵
һ˲䣬űѾ̨֮ϡ
Ѿ˽ٶȿ쵽˲˼飬һڳճĵ⣬ϵ£ǵض
ڳֵɫˣһֵѾԽ˼ޡ
һиֲɵ𺳵˵ʱʩչѧǱģڵϾѧ
һն죬һնأն
޵У
·ǰս콾ɫѾˣ϶¶˼ֲĵ飬ֻһǶ赲ġ
˵Щ콾ڳٳĴʱоһʵʮֵľˡ
úã
Ĺŷǵû˿ĺ£෴ģָΪŽһ˵Ľâɨա
䣡
âͽײµĹų˺˵ĹԣȻɢĹ㣬ɢ
˶óЩɲһ˺ûУһ۵Ĺ㣬׾ٵ˽һǬֵ
ɫˣ˲ŶͣҪɳδ˵¡
ǱˣֻޱȵϢ
Ⱥ֮Уһͬ°ɫ۵΢΢¶˼𺧵飬ΧҲ֪˵ݣǺͳŲΪ˫ǵĻԶ
ֻǴʱԶޱȵ𺳣Լ֪ԼǿֻǸղŵһѾԽĿǰܹﵽļޣһͿԽش
ȻΪ˫ǣ֪Ѿֳˡ
Ȼ֪ˣͳŽҲһΣǻʧˡ
ڴĻʳһ֮УΪŵǰλǺͳ֮Ĳ෴ûСøˡ
콾֮УźһΣһΣͬն
ǣǿ˫ĳţ˳ƷƷҲˣǿ
ʵͳƷͬˣһȺͳƷƣǺܿͱƷԽˡ
Խβƶˡ
Ʒһ·Ϯ̶ʱһ·콾һλã콾ĩβԶԶȲϡ
һֱһ콾񻻰֮һٳ콾ǰУѾ¼ˣҲûʲôģϾ˶츳ǿƺͳţҲǵȵ˻֮󣬲ܹλ콾
ƫƫȴ˳Ʒôڣ¼ˣûʲô顣
뵽þ޷
ȲƷҲˣĴ˶ȲⲻɵомִܸС
ڻԶпʱ콾Ҳͬˣһʱ䲻Ǻ֮Ĳ࣬ǵûбСˣʣҲǷǳдܸеġ
̨֮ϣսѾ뵽˰ȻĽ׶Ρ
һڳӵ˼£ն񷣬ѩĵ⣬񷶼и顣
ŸӾˣſڱХһڽֱӺɨգնɨĺˮһ㡣
ֲֿĹͳͳ˫ɱȥ˶չֳԼʵ
ǽǵâӵѰܣֱ䵽˫ϣ˫Ҳû֡
ϳһɫսףеһй䵽ɫս֮ϣܶ˿в
ŸɴԿ⣬Щ⣬ƾվܽ
żǵƷķ棬ǿһǿ˿µĵزͽֶԿ
˶˵ƷսʱƺҲӣʲôĹܶһǰв
ڳŵսַͳƷһޣ־Լǿ۸˵ˣ˻ûʲôİ취
Ҳ˿Ȼûгŵ־ʣһƽսĨƽ˫Ĳ֮࣬ѷᣬʾ
û뵽̶ʮžȻѾţսԶƷ˵


2054 նɱƣһ
ƷҲЩпһĽ֣Կóŵʵʮʱ֮Уʵֱһ츲صı仯
ֱ仯˽ŵʵŻףʮʱ֮УĽжôľˡ
ڳſԺ콾棬ľҲ·磬ǿơ
ȻֻгƷ֪ЩʵǳţЩУŵС
Щ콾Ѿո¶ͷǵʱ򣬳Ųǿ˷ڶѣŵӶ㲻ϡ
һ·ϮٶȼȲϵĳƷҲ˶ˡ
Ѱ˿ܶΪʲôܹزΨгƷΪŵһ֮м¼һ׾Ĺ塣
һֺͻʼսƵĺɵʣͻʼսȫԲͬľԾڽ֮ϡ
ɲ֮󣬶нĹ˵ʣһǧֹǰڴʱٶȲ죬Խڣ𽣵˵ٶԽ졣
ֻǹ̫ҲԱ˲ŻΪĽǡ
ĽǣǾͲôˣ֮߱ˣĽţֻҪУضų޴Ĺâ
֪ܲ
ƷҲһ֮崫ڸŵģûܹɹ
Ϊɺתľ
һ㣬ʾһ㣬ֻƷһȣҲ·硣
ƷڴҲ˶ѣ˭룬žȻܹϮСɵĵز
СɵĲԿȷʣֻսĻڷ֮жٮٮߡ
һɣǲȷʡ
ֻһпȻãǸݵʵļͻʼս֮еļأűϹʱܹɵģҲǵһѣСɵҲ࣬Ƿëǡ
һ֪Ǹ˶ŬҪ֪й̣ÿһżʹ࣬ҪӲͨʣתս壬ڣһСľǰŰԱ
ôʹΣգϹгɹ֮ˣҲôˡ
ͬƷлʼս࣬ͬЩӵмΪǿʵţתϵĲ࣬ѳ̶ȿ֪
˵ҪʼǷǳǳ͵ģ
Ʒûܹز
Ʒ˼ܿͱ̨֮ս˸סˡ
Ҫ̨ڵĿռ˺飬˾̾˫ʵʱսַ˱仯̨˲ըѿ
䣡
̨ȻĿ֮£ıˡ
˶Ǵߣֱӽ̨
Ҳʱ˫սҲڷֳʤڸղһײ֮Уһ˲䱩ˣѪ
ڿˣؿڶһ󶴣ƽս׵Ȼһնһ޴Ŀն
ڳŵ֮ϣһͨɫСɷɽתɢ˵ĺ⣬һڷɽһش
˼һֱȵڣȫ֣һپͽش
ڷֳʤˣϮˣǵսˣŵĹľתϵƣڹһٳƣ
콾һҪֳʤˣµһȻʲôӣ
һʱ䣬˺ը˹һ˶ˣһشƣʤѷ֡
أʱ򣬳ٶȳ֣еһڷɽһ˲仯һڹ⣬ڹ˺ѳգ˲䶴Ƶͷ­
һ˲䳹ɵˣ˶û뵽ʤѷֵ»ʹɱ֣ȻӳսδǴʵ˵սѾˡ
𺳵Ŀ֮Уֻ䵭˵ⲻϢѣվԴСͻϮֳƵ³յ³
һʱ䣬˻Ȼ˶˳ƷͻϮ飬ԴСݣΪ
Ϯɱ˻δɵĳƷ˶ٺ䶯˶ΪѾƽϢˣȴû뵽ʽ±
ңƷ;֮ĶԹս쵽ǵĴ˵ϡ
شƷóƷʤһ֣񣬳նɱƣΪƷһһǡ


2055 Ʒ;ͶԹδֹͣ
ԹҲûֹͣ϶ĽҲûֹֻͣѰ˲֪ѡ
ͨ˵ƷѾʮǰˣѾһȥʽˡ
ڶһЩСһ˵ƷĴ˵ѾŹˡ
ȻһЩ˵ԹûжϹЩ꣬½½ӪײҲûֹͣ
˴ʱʶһ㣬Թ׽ԴԴϵıͻһֱ˫һΪֹ
Ҫǣʽս
ʶˣ¼Ҫ޴ĺ䶯㾡һһӰˣȻ˳ŵϡ
Ҫ֪ڿɲ֮ǰƷնɱǬԪڵҡ
ȻǾңЬ䣬ǬԪֳ֮ôĶҪڵʵȣȴرʵͬն
ڿµһڣǷںڵʵҲŲСĲ࣬ȻͬΪʮ֮һǱ˴֮ĲҲӹɡ
ڱض׵ưոݣ
أ˻𾪵ʱһŭ֮д
һִֻ֮ץ˹մ֮ץ˹ֱųŵķץ˹ҪһӽŸץ
һֻ̺֮ɱ⣬κηĻᣬŸץ
һֻץٶȿ쵽˼£˳ܹӦٶȣɲǼѾץ˳ŵĶǰ
ʱ򣬳ŵһӡȻֱӳһֻȥ
䣡
һӡһֻմı
ֻڳŵ󣬶һµߣղžڹؼʱ򣬽Ҫץŵһָֻմ򱬡
ǡŵĻˣ˿Ǻ׷ͯյߣɵ𺳵˵
пֲѪڷӿһʵһɲĸо·ѪԽض顣
ղʩչǷڵϾѧɴӡһžѧϣӳѰ˸ܡ
֮һڳǰԶǸ߲ͬǺߵϱһɱ⣬һɱ⣬ȫǶųŶȥġ
ʹղżǺԥĳ֣˼ҲǵһʱͲ³ݣƵĻˡ
նɱƣ˵ʧְҪǣͨƻõһЩôҲȫΪӰˡ
֮ڱ콾֮䣬ȻǴ񣬶ϵģˣδȵɳ˵֮ǰʮ˲䶼ù
ǺҲû뵽žȻ˹ϺͺֱֽܵƸնɱ
иּŭڵƣ¼һȵţû˸ҶڵĽӰӳ֡
ղǱŵĻ赲סԳŵʵ赲סĹ
λƷˣȻķ֣˾Ȼλĸ֡
ʱɵЩ֣ǬԪĻҲֻ컯۷ѣλʲôʮżȻ֮УҲλȨأëǵĴڡ
֪ƺЩһˡ
Ʒ֪֮Աܵ͵ͻϮżĹϵ
ΪƷʵⲻ˱ʵǿĸͻϮøŲصΣУЩܹ콾콾ǵĻ˴ԭ컯۷ΪλΪ˸õıЩ콾
ţ㾹Ȼɱϯӣ㣬ˣǸߵţͺһͷ˵Ұһ
ҵǰɱˣͿûˣΪŻ˵ȻʾĶšڵѧղɱ̨ϣѵҲҪô
Ҳǳռĵط̨֮ϣʤΣΣ
ߣҲʲǫ̂Լսֻ֪ɱҷڵϯӣҪΪۣ֮Ǻһ˵ΪƾƷһЩܹס㣬ǷҲס㣬ɣ
ԴСȻڵĴͳҲǣȻˣҾ׼ʲôֶΣǲó
ŻȻ޾壬նɱɲʱ⣬Ѿã˵ǰԼսʱ뽫նɱˣֻǵʱնɱơ


2056 ͷ
һƽֵʱ΢ƾ·磬ڶԼսʱ򣬲ƽ֡
ڣһսԸ
ٶǺ㶨ģͬŲСɣٶȲűɶԽߣʵҲԽǿٶҲ᲻ϵ
ںʵʤƣ˽һսһսʤ
֪ߵغ񣡡
Բѣ
һʱ䣬ڳдһ
ڳڣйصĸֲʱȫŭˣ׷ŭ
һţһ콾һƷҲ˱ӦҲһ
һȴݳдȴһͷɢһµӣһһ̤գ˳ŵǰ
ԪΣ
һһ٣Ŀǰӡ
˻ȻԪΣˣ
ǲһ콾ϵ콾ôһսˣ
Ȼһ콾ϵļ콾֮һѾкüûǰˣȴ룬ʱˣ
ֻ׼ʤҲͰˣˣôǿҲЧµնƳƷƳţ
ųɳͷʵ̫ˣٶȼɳȥδٲȻһƷ˶ȴǱмĵ⣬ˣҲ׷Źţ
۷׷ףڲ²⣬ڵĺַˣһսʤʲôһ콾һڵ˵Ҳ̸˽ǣһڱеľ֣ȴһ޴в
ڳŵȻ㲻Ǿ֣Ǻʣĳɳٶȣδͻ
ɱ˳칫صɱڵӣɱ㣡Ԫһ˫ޱȵĮϵѪӿȻֱƻ˳Уߺ֮Ķš
ʱɫһߣϣǲ֮䣬ֶһӿµԪΣһоͲͬˡ
ʮȥ¼ľѾ˷츲صı仯һ콾ϵ콾ͬڵһ콾ϵ콾һȻǱǻûɳҲǱˡ
ȻʮʱȥˣѾȫɳΪһͷвǸ֮ϡ
ԪϵѪӿٶԽԽ죬ֲϢˣڰ֮У·һoһ㡣
£Ȼһ˱޳ܣ
ڴʱԶһһ°ɫ۵Ӱ̤Ŷݹ˵ǰ
һüĿݿʣŭӡ
Ԫζţͬӿ˺ȻķͷųֲϢԪҪ
ɣȻɣ
˾һԪβͬڷ֮ڵĵλҪߣǰͱΪѾȷһڵĽӰˡ
˵һ
һУһ߻Ҫʼִڵĸ飬ѾһʱûгǰˣھȻΪƵһս˵ǰⲻɵ˶ž
ڷ׼ǷڷҲǳصġ
ԪϢӿ·ˣҲֺ
֣ɵԪλҪһ㣬ȻھȻԪҲ
λȺ֮УƷһע⵽ˣԪΣɣȻѾλ
ʮʱ䣬ѾӺ֮תΪһͷӰµľƣǻʵĴ
ΪʮǰĶŮҪ񣬸ӿ£Щ콾϶ǰʮĴڡ
궫ŮΣԶ˸ھһĩβͬĵΣǱҲž޴Ĳ
ճűĻڵͷ֮ޣ
ʱݳڣðʮǿޱȵϢ˵Ҳ˿
ݳУĸּҪʹȥˣ˲֪ˣЩˣһ⣬ȻλĿֲڡ
ЩƸֲ˵ԪΣĺ֮㣬ҲǿλĿֲڣ͵겻ͬն
ʮǰƷλĶŮνһ֦㣬ȻʮڣЩֻͬǣҲ׷׿뵽˵ֻܿɼľ硣
ЩͷΪһսˣ˶ɵýĪҪݳǵϿվͱһսô


2057 սǱ
Ȼ壬к壬к壬壬Ǵӻ⣡
Ʒ˵ʮǿϢ֮Умڵ̫ϳ֮⣬ʣµˣȻ壬к壬к壬塣
ЩǺʹĻʳΪ塣
ĻʳѰǱ붼ʮ־ģ˵λĸֵǱ롣
ָһ裬һУǼֱǷַӵ顣
˵ôĸ־ȻȫǱˣݣǶݳ۳˵ҲǾ޴в
Сǣ±ҲǷַӵ顣
֮˸ź˵ɱЩ֣ǱĻʳΪǶ֪ЩˣÿһǴĻʳصעĶµľ顣
֮󲻾ãϾͻ׷ɱβ
һãͻᱻõڴĻʳ
ÿ˶ΪԼȺϹᣬѵģϧġ
о޴ջЩôһá
Ȼһξǳųġ
мΪƷҲмΪҪɱľţԼҲˡ
ΪһڳƷ˵Ǵۡ
˶۸٣俤֮սڲƻأ
أڴʱԶһȴһŮһͷ״Ʒˣͨȼһ޴ǿϢѹȫ
ʱȫһƬȻ
ǸңɽϪɣ
ңɽϪһͷӦǹ俤񣡡
ӦǻûˣϹŷһĺȻѪ㴿˵Ѿ޵Ѫˣ
۷׷ףҲ˵ݣȴǱˣңɽϪȻһڸ֮УʵģȻµĻʵȴһһǿ󣬲ѷɫЩλĶ֡
ⱳ󣬸ǴŹ俤־¼˭С
Щ콾һһͷ˼ٮٮ֮еٮٮߣԶʤˣ²ǱǰҲо޴
Щͷ콾ǰЧҪ
ޱ𺳣ΪƺͳŵһսЩƽѵһľҲ׷׳֡
кܶ඼Ѿкܶ궼ûгֹˡ
һ˲䣬սͱˣսĺĿ꣬Ȼλ֮ϵĳš
ԪɲǼ֣иֳһѳǱģڵϾѧ
ˢ
֣һ˲䣬˺񷣬ղʩչ˵ǿ˰ٱ
ֲĵ죬ĵϯ˹
ʱҲˣޱȵᣬֻɴӡֱӺݺݵײһ
¡
λĿֲڣһɲǼ䣬ײԼΪʵһ˲ȫˣݳǵϿջս
̫ˣһ콾ʵô
һ콾ϵ콾˵Ľ֣ɵþޱȵ𺳡
ʵԶ֮ϵһ콾ʵһսನ׽ǬǸ
ʱƺЩ⣬ΪʲôУǿͬƷȻ˾͵С
ÿһ콾ʵܶرһֱߵյ㣬ߵ۷壬пƽƽ
ڴ֮ǰ˫Ĳ࣬һĿȻ
ɵԪҪһЩڿΪڵĸһܵ϶Ԫθǿ
ͬʱҲǴ󶥼֮Ľ棬ⲻǵһΣҲһΣ
ԪζֵͬʱǺµĻҲˣսһ
ڲͬŵĻ˴ʱ˴Ϊֲʵ
һҪɱһҪػƴ
ͬʱݳеļڵ̫ϳҲͬһʱ䷢ѣͬʱųŵķ˶ȥ
ǻδ֣ȴ³Ļ棬赲סǰķ򣬱Ƶǲòˣ׷ʩչͨ赲һɻ档
Щڵ̫ϳ໥һۣȻмּɵͻ񱳺Ǹ
˫͵жԣʱȻ֡
һʱ䣬ǻǱĻ赲ס
ͬʱʮӰ˰֮Уݳڵһʱ׷׾ˣΪʮȻ࣬ǴĻʳʿ
죬ִű뺷Ϣ
ʱ˶ŭˣڣңɽڵսΣǶǴĻʳڲսЩȻ֡
ʶΪŨĴĻʳ˵ֱǿ벻̡
սپ
ЩĸҲڵľ棬ʱһ˵


2058 죬һߣ
ݳУֶЩ಻ס
ͬĸ֮УҲһᱻȺ֮һ
ݳУ˸ǰս콾֮⣬֮ҲͬŲٵĸ֡
ֻںͷ֮ĶԹЩδػԸ֣Ȼһʲ֡
ȻĸǱݳУǲѵѾ᲻ˣ
ЩԽԽţ
Щ֣ȻҲ׵ģǵʱ䲻ˣڳиַӦ֮ǰϽնɱ
Ҫɱһλĸ֣ȻûôףȻֻһǬ۷ĳţǻɱɱˣͺѶȡ
ſߣ
ʱһ𣬾Ҫǰ֧ԮţȴԪ赲ס
Ԫô׷뿪һʱ䣬һ·硣
ʮĸ˹ȥٶ̫ˣ쵽˶ûзӦĵز
أȴγһƬĺ󣬾˳źЩֵǰ
ʲôˣʱЩĸǿͣס˽Ųһֱһͷײĺ֮С
ҲһһΣ˵ʮֵдˣԼҲЩ£һƬͻȻֵֻѾɱˡ
Щλĸ֣Ҫɱֻһ˲顣
ʱһ飬ݵķôεΣжôΣգֻǱϿô򵥡
ܹһδεĶɹЩΣһãͿһ³
̧ͷȥȴһȫƽƽ꣬һһ˸߿֮ϡ
ЩȻ̤ݣɱţ죬һߣ
Ʒ˵
ǧһʱڳ֣˳ţҲΨӵʵ
ƾһˣҲֹǣ
ɱһʲôԵģǳƷڴˣҲɱ󣡡
࣬Ȱ㲻Ҫ󣬳Ʒ޲֮ص˲ѵܹһһܹô
ЩֶƷĻŭˣЩȻǱݳǣƲÿһλĿֲڣִڣκһطǾ֣һͷĴڡ
ڳƷȻԲѣҪͳͳֱд
ҷڵʱô˵Ļڲҷ粻ڣŸ˵ĻӲĿˣһԣҲֻ˵
Ŀ֮дżֱӣǵĳƷЩҳ֣ʮǰƷչֳʵѾǳˣڡ
ʮʱ䣬óƷɳ˲ĵز


ǳƷڴˣҲɱ󣡡
Щ־Ǳ˵һ㣬׷״ŭ
ȻͻȻðļһʮּɵȴδϳƷԺ֮лðʹ׷ľ֣ȴҲûһܺǰĳƷϵһġ
ҷСۣȻǽһһնɱǣ
˿ʾ
ƷԳŵǿƹĿ࿴·ʤʲôߣǿҲֻ۸ߣ˲ߡ
ʮʱȥѾֻڳƷҪǸСˡ
ʮʱ䣬ųɳĲֻʵȫĶ˷츲صı仯
ǰʵȻнǱϣڳƷ֮µĳ񣬵ʮʱȥûгƷıòվԼ衣
Ʒг֮ʤûԸƷкܶ˾ͽĿ׼˳š
Ϯɱʤö٣һ·֪ٴεɱһһߵλãһһӡû˿١
ǵƷûбչˣʵϻҲߵһǱϲδı䣬ܹնƣһµһλá
ţûĻᣬɱ㣡
ʱ򣬳ɢȥһ˲䣬һĸֳˣ˺ƻһƬտĺɲǼ䣬Ѿɱ˳ŵǰ
֮б˾˵ɱ⣬ڵĳž˵ı֣ɳȥδ϶һƷ
֮ǰǸƷøʧأȻϣһ
ֻǧһʱ򣬾Ǻּꪶŵʱһտɫĳǹճֱ֣Ӻһꪡ
䣡
һ޴ޱȵĺ񷶼·𶯣ֻһꪱմıը


2059 һǹһλ
һǹı鿪Ҫ˵һˡ
֮أѪſһĲҽ˿ȥȴǸֱֵըˡ
ںһտɫĳǹײ֮Уֲıˡ
ѪΪֲ
ôܣʲô
ǺֶʱΪ𾪣ҵʹȫڲ
ƷֻǽеɵǻܹķΧ֮ڣǳƷȻһǹꪸ򱬡
ǿƶɵļ᲻ɴݵķ
֮еľֱһҲܶû˵ܱ򱬵ġ
ֱǹﰡ
̧ͷȥȴƷտɫĳǹǹ˸Ĺâŷ֣һ˳ǹͲʲôֻ֮۶ɵĳǹ
ֻѰ֮۳˳ǹ֮󣬾Ȼ˿ֱֲǲš
ʲôˣԺֻ֮ͷһ˲䣬ķӦֻвϵĺˣֱӱһǹɱˡ
ǳƷûиĻᣬտɫĳǹֱӳ֡
䣡
ؾҵĲǹâ˲񷣬֮һУһǹֱӺ嵽Ǹֵǰ
ͣ
ǺĸָӦֻҽһë
Ʒٶ̫죬˸γֵģֻƷոճ֣һտɫĳǹ֮ϣѾ̴Ǹĸ֣ؿڶ˰֮С
Ѫһɢһ˲䣬ͳͳ飬ǸҪߣǸ޷֮ǰѾ

ʱһļž
ײеĳ棬סеˣ˶Ϊ֮
һǹҲ̫ˣһ㣬ֻһǹأǺպλĸ֣Ȼһǹ赲סҪ߶
ǿɲʲôèĴڣ
컯ĸ֣ڶ֮ϣһͷٳһţ档
λſһһɵʵ綼Ǽ˵ս
ӼĴڣȻһǹ
ײУ̫ײˣ
Ǹǡ֮еһϹŶٶǰԾһʱû뵽Ȼλˣ
ȥ֮ķɢ˲ڿòٱһŵĺݡ
ڳʶĸֵĲ࣬վеġ
ȻֵȴҲ׵ģһλĸжôĿֲ
ǺλϹŶڳƷǰȴ·ֽһһǹ
ݳһƬѻȸֻԪΣɵĵȸֽʱıը
һ֮Ȼסȫĸ֣ײҲǼΪġ
Ʒڰ֮Уһħһ㣬ɱ⡣
ݳеЩ֣ҲЩסˡ
ԭ֣ǳƷһĿֲƣȻǶסˡ
ǿǺһϸְȻôһǹˣе𺳿֪
оƷ˵ƣѡ
ؼǣƷϵķԣ˵ǻûзζųƷδĳȫѾﲻƥеĺһǹɱ
˵˭ܹزĸ֣ӦûжٲŶԣô᲻ʶ
ݳ˵˵˵˼ĲǳƷʵӵʵĳƷȻڴ֮ǰһϢûС
ͷ·Ǵʯͷһôһˡ
ڿӦĸ֣ĸ֣
˲ɵ˵
ЩǷ׷׾ĿųƷղǺּһ˲ͱɱҲסǡ
Ʒտɫĳǹǹ֮ϣ֮ʣϵ˸ź˵Ĺâ
ݣҪȫˣǳ룡Ʒ˵
ʱ˲ɵúһ˲뵽ʲôһһû˵ĸ֣ĪǴ˵еֻ췣ӵĳԱô
ôһ˵˵ļһӶˣƺ뵽ʲô˿ֲĴڡ
췣ӵĻпܣЩߣȻǱݳǣ˵췣ӵע⣬ʱǲһЩҲǷǳ飡
췣ӣǴ˵һֱ֧̫ξĿֲӣ뵽Ͳɵõһ֧Ӿ˵࣬ÿһǾ֣רŴѰ޷⣬˵ǱݵЩ֣׷ɱѳ͢ͽ֮ģֻţδ


2060 ¾λ
ôһ˵˶˹췣ӵĴ˵һֲ֧˼µĲӡ
һ֧ӵ࣬µĿֲԴﵽСֹ޵ĵز
˵췣֮Уֻλʸ룬λģֻǺ򲹡
ÿһ췣ӵмΪǿʵ׷ɱѴĻʳͽ֮еٮٮߣдһЩǱݳǵĸ֡
ͬЩĸ֣Ѿ㹻췣Գֵĵزˡ
ʵһ֧ʮֵأд˵ŵʵ췣ӣǶеһЩȴڡ
Ʒ֮ǰκ˵鱨֮УͻȻһðͺ˲뵽һ֧صĲӡ
ƺרЩǰģҲЩ˶롣
ܣ췣ӵĳԱÿһŹ̶Ʒͬ
֪ܿ߷˳Ʒ췣ӳԱ˵췣ÿһγŹ̶ƷûǾͲ췣ӡ
һƷ˶Ҳû˸ȥģ£ĻǾ췣ӣ췣Ӳݵ׷ɱ
˳Ʒ췣ӵĿ֮о͸ɻˣƷǴʲôطðġ
ͬʱƷֻĿЩĸ֣һĿһͷɢӵϡ
һͷɢӣһΪ뺷ϢΧȻзԪΧƣ·Ǵ˵еķ籩֮һ
ƷĿԼϣǸӵʱʵǸղųƷɱ˺ֵٶ̫ˣʵ̫ˡ
࣬Ī㵱ҵȶǿôҪһԸôˣͷɢӶʱĶҪֶԸƷ
ЩĸֲûϵЩ֮䣬˴ҲìأֻڽҪնɱŵϣǱһԵģʱȻΪðա
ʱ򣬳ƷٶȳˣеտɫǹɲǼ˺ѳһտɫ磬᳤գһ˲ѾֱӴ̵ͷɢӵĸǰ
ã𣡡
ͷɢһŭԼǰγһܣǷܻδü㹻ãһǹ֮±顣
˿һտɫĳǹһ˲Ͷͷɢӵؿڡ
ͣ
һǹͷɢӵͷɢһ£һˡ
һ˳ǹ֮󣬾ʹеʱͷɢӲԳԭΣȻһͷ
ŻȻʮǰƷնɱһ콾նɱ˴ķһĸ֡
֮е壬ڶ࣬ҲǱƷһɱԪˡ
Ȼλĸ֣ȻЩǷһľмδϣȴͳͳ˳ƷС
˵ڷһһֶϵڡ
һж޳Ʒӹɡ
һΪ˷ɱţλĸԳ֣˭룬δüնɱţܷһϣӺʬ
𣡡
ʱЩ֮УһŮԵĸһ˫ĿᣬųƷź˹ȥ
ѵͿɱôŮԸֵͬ˿ֲķԪأһǿҵ᳤ա
Ͼжϳˣ֮ǰͷɢһģһȻһͷ
һηһ壬Ȼ֣ҿǷޣڷɱʣµһͷԵķһĸѾױŭˡ
ߣ
Ʒ˵ϣһ˳ǹֱӳˣһ˲䣬ͬһտɫһ㣬նѹŤˣ˿µγ˿µĿ硣
䣡
һǹǹâ𵴿ֲͬĿ񱩷糱һ㳯һͷԵķһĸֶȥ
ͣ
һͷԵķڰ֮оͻԭΣҪɱƷȴƷһǹֲ֮е࣬Ͼе
ݳУ˶ھ㤣̫ˣƷɱ¾ֱͬ¾һʲôĸ֣ǰƺ߲һУֱӱһǹ
򵥵һǹȴΪµܣ
ôܣʵ̫ˣ
Ǻ־Ͳ˵ˣǷһǷԪصƿߣǵٶȴǶ£ûй˵ʱȻԳƷĹʱӦӦֱӾͱɱˣ
ӦĹΣһֵס˫ͬһϵĴڣ
˵˭


2061 ɱ¾ʢ
ƷӶնɱ¼˵ɼλ֣ݳ֮иֵһƬȻ
˶𺳵ˣǴδλĸ־Ȼ˴ͬСһ׾ٵĺɱȻѾܹ󵽵ļ޵ĳ
ֲֿɱ¾еĿ־塣
ǳƷޱ飬ͬħһ㴣֮ϣտɫǹϻһͷ
һͷ޴ķһĸ֣ͨС׶ĴС𺳡
˶֪ƷʲôˣǺʣǶܹоƷǿ˲ɵס˺ĿǰһĻ
ʱʱ򿴵Ʒվ˻ǲȻǲף˾˭

Ʒ߱նɱĸֵʬֻĮ˵
Ȼ᳤ǹЩֵķ˹ȥ
ɱ֮أ
ʱĸŭҪƷն
ȻƷչֳʵΪˣǲ̫£ֻʮּɵѡ
ϾƷնɱ֮УҲʵǳλѣֻСλڡ
ǿƷҲ͸Ҷ֮˶֣ȻƷʵûôǿ󣬲ֻװŪˡ
ĻΪʲô֮ǿ֡
𼱣ֵǣ
Ʒûжŭֻ˹˵տɫĳǹһ˵ɫ⡣
һ˲䣬սڱ֣ͬһʱ俪ʼֱ֣ӳųƷѹ˹ȥʣµҲɢΧʼԳƷаΧ
ÿһ϶żΪµϢ𱻳ƷնĸֶҪǿһлһСλڼĸ֡
䣡
ƷҲϿҵѪϯˣֱӳ˷ɢȥ
⣡
ողųƷȹֵʱֱӺĺˣȻһѪ˳ֱӱƷǵѪش
˵϶¶˼𾪵飬ֻǳƷͷųѪѾǿƵز
ǿ󣬶ǿ˲ĵز
ʲôȻܹǿز̲סֹҪ֪Ѫǿǿ񣬿˵ϢϢصġ
֣ȻƷѪˣǻһ֮ɴ˿ɼƷѪ˾жôĿ¡
ϣɱȥ
أ֮еһ˴һһ˲䣬һտɫĹâƳգɲǼ䣬Ѿڰ֮С
˫ȫȫ벻ԼȻˣҺ޻֮
ͬʱʮͬʱˣȫųƷɨ˹ȥֱ⣬ĺͨȫ˳Ʒ
ƷǼ򵥣ֻſ˴֣͵ػһֻ֣ȻһӾЩĹУȻһץ
տɫĳǹһǹ̳ǰһƬɫֱӽնѹˣ˿ֲ
ʣĸɱĸһ˲ͱɨˣ׷ѪˣУǵѾը˿
ƷһǹӲѾҰˡ
Ʒٶһֻ˳ȻͽЩѪץУɽͼĿռ֮С
λֵľѪƽѵһ˵ͼľ䡣
ЩĸֻûüֳԭΣѾƷץ
ôź죿ʱһԿţޱ𺳵ĳҲ¶˼ֺɵɫ
ȻȷԼûƷӣսķ񣬻нɱ֮ʬ嶼ŹҪӶߵķôĶ
ֻһֻɣû̫࣬ΪпܵǸѡܵġ
ߵսҲھɼˣǶעһսݳ֮еں͸˵һս̫ˣɵѾ͵Ĵ˵ֺγˡ
жһָоȥĶðһ֣˵ôһ㶼ʶ
ǿĿ£ǿĸ֣ôҵһ㶼ûŹ
˭
Ϊʲô֣Ԫεڵĸֵķŭ
ɵ˻̲ס¶˼ϲЦݣôʱƷڰǣΣڶվͬһߡ
˳Ʒ֣ǵѹʱС
ͬʱս֮ʣµİ˸ֿƷͬ¾һЩɱ⣬ɱĵ׷״㿪ʼӴܡ


2062 ڡƨ
ʲôһ֮ɱµһ֮ɱµ
ЩǱݳԷɱţȻҲǿǹеΣյġ
ȥźͳƷ֮Ĺϵ˵ӴĵķɱĻʳȻôĻʳŭ
ƾЩŵǱ룬ԺĻʳﻹܹðͷ
ܻ˵е췣ӵ׷ɱҲпܶѣսپΣԾͻ󽵵͡
Ļʳ̫ˣֲεĸҪǱӣҪ׷ɱѶȿɾ̫ˡ
Ҳûܻ⵽̫ξһλϴڵ׷ɱ
Ȼǧ㣬Ψһû㵽ľȻðһδĸ֣¾Щ߸ϵλĸͬ¾һ
Ǽֱе㻳ɣǲǱչʱ̫ˣϵĸѾ˽ˡ
ϾЩһչأܾʮʱ䣬ðֵٶ̫죬ֱͬ²һ㣬һһ
콾һһĻе֤
뵽ЩּǱܵĿʼӴܶȥ
ȻʱĳƷô׷ŹЩˡ
ߣͳͳ
Ʒһ֮˿ջ˰˵տɫĳǹ֮ǰϵһ˳ǹһ޶
ͣͣ
ǹɨգͬһ˺ѿҹһֱӳЩֶȥ
Щǿ˼µλĸЩǹ赲סȻͱһһĹᴩ壬ֱӲ
ɱţҵҪмֱ£
Ʒֻǵ˵
ЩʬҲ
޲׷ɫ䣬·𿴵ʲôֲһ
ǵƷ·ǵһħһž˵ɱԶ˵
ƷĻݳеĸָоޱܣʱĻʳķսս޲ʤ޲ˡ
ĻʳȻǼߵģ۱˴֮жٶԹҲЩ˱ˡ
˵ſǲϡ
նɱЩ֮󣬳ƷĿתЩڵĸֵϣʱЩڵĸַ·ͬһͷ޸һ㣬׹ߡ
ʲôɱЩҲˣѵҪںͷڵҿûǸ£Ī󣡡ʱ򣬴Ӻͻս֮еЩڵ̫ϳ֮Уһֱӷ˳˳Ʒǰ
ֻǴʱͷҲڴģʵǳƷղűֵʵ̫ǿЩͬλƷһжֵסͱ׾ٵ¾ˡ
Ҳ˼壬ƷĿ£˵
ڣƷЦһֻĿڵ̫ϳϡ
ʱ䲻ҲѾ֪˺ܶ飬չصʱ䣬Ϊնݳ˵伫þְ취ƷйصģţԶȵȡ
ڵӴҪһȻǺܼ򵥵飬зڵͦ³Ҳ߲һ
˵ԴӾͶԳƷֵһ̿ʼ˫ĶԹѾ˲ݵĵزЩɱƷ˳𲻹졣
ڵȻҲΪͶԳƷֵ飬͹ԹԽͣȻҪס
˫ĶԹǸʱʼѾûл͵ˡ
ڡƨ
һ˲䣬Ʒˣǰտɫĳǹ͵һӳ֣ǹⱬһƬտɫĺͬһɢ˿
㡭ڵ̫ϳ϶ʱ־ŭƷ̫Ȼںڵ˲Ҫ֡
ɱ
ڵ̫ϳȻҲǳصģиֳһѳֱһųƷն

ն
һ·ص˶Ҫиνһǰȴʲô
ڵ̫ϳϵʵԱЩҪǿࡣ
ЩҲСλڵˮƽȻڵ̫ϳѾСλڵʵЩǿһ˫Ĳֱ࣬ǲͬն
ҲƷԭ
Ȼһ˲䣬˾ͷ֣ǵжϴˣڳƷһǹǰûκ
ƷտɫĳǹһУɲǼͽĵ˸飬ǹâȥƲֱӺɨڵ̫ϳϡ
ͣ
ڵ̫ϳϸӦͱһǹţϳһѪ˲ͱˡ
зҲһ˲ըˣտɫĳǹһǹ顣
ôܣ
ڵ̫ϳϵ˫֮أŵ飬Լʵ赲סƷһǹѡ


2063 컯۷壬СλԲ
Ʒ־ͽڵ̫ϳϵʬ֮йž޲
Сλڣ
ʮǰδչؽ֮ǰѾԺɨĸ֣˵ˡ
ʮ˵ֱһ̥ǵı仯˵˸һ
̫ڤ˵Ѫһ㷢ӵ쾡£Ļʼս壬˵ֱ绢
һֱڣûܹʲôزΪЩȫʸûУȻֻԼ
ʮ֮ΪѾһ·컯۷ľ硣
ʮǰ˵ĽѾǷ츲صı仯սӵСλڵĳ̶ȣһ·СλԲľ硣
Ǿʮ˿ƷһΪˣҲԭ̤
Щ˦ЩˣҲ̤ǰȫȫԽľ硣
ڱ̤ҲѾ׷׿λʮǰƷʧٵʱҲ˿ǰЩ˵ѾСλڣ𵱳ĳƷҪǿ
ȻʵϣƷٶȹȻǱԤƵҪö࣬ȻʵȻԵɣԪεˡ
ÿһεʵʵȻҲǾ޴
һˣʮʱ䣬һ·ٶȵȻѾˡ
ĿǰĳƷ˵⻹ԶԶʮǰʱ򣬾Ϳ¾Ѿλĳ̶ȣڹȥʮʱ䣬;˺εȵزʵѾ˵ˡ
ҲǳƷûеһʱѡָݣǻһݳֵԵʡ
Ȼսķ̫ϳҲֻǳ⡣
ҪΪԼȡһʱ䣬ֻҪͻƵСλľ磬սͿԳλԿʮǰľ͡
Ǹʱ򣬼ԾҲͬô
ʱ䣬ʱ˵ȻΪģʮʱ䣬ʵȻǸȴڴĽ׶Σһεķ˸ֻҪһЩʱ䣬ΪͽͬһֲʮĿհڡ
Ǹʱ򣬱Իһսʵ
Ȼھֵȼĸ˵ƷʵһЩԳеЩλĸ֣ȴǴ´ġ
ڳƷնɱڵǸ̫ϳ֮ݳһͬը˹һͬЩǱݳǵ֡
Щ֣ǱݳǼֱѰ·
ȻڿǱĵһ˾ȻҺڳ˺ˡ
˾ʲôͷȻڶ
ĸ֣ɱڵĸ֣Ҳ˿
ɱ¾ŴˣƷ̫ݣʵ̫ǿˣ׷ײ²⣬᲻ĳһڵУ
ҲǷǳпܵģΪĻʳʮ֮ףʵȻҲʮ֮ǿǸѣǵ˸ࡣ
ʱ֮УҲ֪˶ˣôݷǱ޵زҲûпܵġ
㵽˭ʱʣµĸڵ̫ϳҲʱһǣƻ񣬶ʣµ赲˳Ʒǰ
˵ӿżΪֲѪ಻ڣ˵Ϣӵһ𣬼񷶼սˡ
˵ϾŭݣȴûóȻ֣ϵķ׷׵ǰ³ƷͻȻѡ
飬ƷҲһΣôܻûз
㵽ʲôˣҺԣ
ʱһڵ̫ϳϿ˵ڵ̫ϳԱҪǿһЩ׷ͯգһΪڳƷУҲѾСλڡ
ȻҲΪס
֣ǲҪ֪ΣұҪɱǣڣҲյϢͷնƷޱƽĿˡ
ƷĻһʱһƬȻףԭƷĳˣ֮ڵĳһǰ
֮ΪԻͣų츳һľ͡
ڵʱҲΪʲôƷְˣԭܵ˾͵ǣ
ǻ벻ǰƷ˭
Ͼ֮󣬲֪ܹǿУҲǻ֪ϵĵˣڰﵽ׻ܣˣԼҲ˵ˡ
δ̫ˣðǺΪУŰɣʱϵ¶û֮أ
ǸΪ׵̫ϳ˵


2064 һǹ
ΣڵͱȱҪ߹ôƷΪ׵Ĵ˵
ڵǱȱҪӸ߹󣡡
ڵ̫ϳҲرܣֱ˵
ŴɵĽѾ͸ѪҺ֮УҲʵͽԴ
ھǱȱ˼ҪĸӸ߹
ҲһӱһС˸ŶҪ䶯
ֻ֣㹻ȱǰ̣
ʲôͬҲֻһʬѣ
ƷЦţ˵
ݳĸֶΪƷĻ𾪣ǵУƷǿƵ˼£оĳȡ
ʵǳƷ̫ǿˣЩҲˣҲȻ
һ˾͸ҽɱԴ
һʲôˣô֮ǰһ㶼ûŹ·ӦòĬĬŲŶ԰
۷׷ףڳƷĶ棬ڵǼ֮ɱ
ǲǿĶ֣ɵĺʣǳƷֶں޾ηļһļһʲôǿĴڶҪ֡
ûоηͿܶɸʧһ֪ηĸ֣ǲֵһģΪˣҶԺպ֡
˶Ϣ񣬿ųƷһһڵϣտɫǹϻѪϵ£γһΪ˵Ļ档
ڵǿܹ֮ʤڵ޼˾ҪսǿȻ
һ°ɣ
Ʒ˵ڲϲɱţɱôҾ͸һᣡ
ڵɫ䣬ΪѾоĳˣƷ˵Ѿ¶ģᱻڵͷܡ
ҪҲǸܵġ
ƷеտɫǹңңĹâϵѪһ˲䱬˼¡
䣡
˲䣬Ʒǹǹâɨգֱӻһտɫ磬һӾ͸ڵ̫ϳϡ
꣡
ʱڵ̫ϳҲһ˲䷴Ӧ˹ʮֵĬ˵ǰȻƣ赲ƷĹ
ǸΪ׵̫ϳϣжһڳһնأͬųƷԵĺɱ
һն죬һնأնˣ
¡
ǹâĵâײһ𣬿µĹƻѤõĹâγһС͵Ģơ
Сλ֮иֵľײ
˾ֻƷǹâһ˲ͽĵâ̵ķ飬һտɫĹâ·һտɫɳգһ˲ʡ
ݳϷֱݳǸǽС
Ǳ˫սನ̼ԶˣսನһһɢȥݳеĽ赲档
еĸֿһĻֻúë󱳷·Ǹոմӱ̳֮һĸо
սನܽǳ֮˵Ĵʵ̫ˡ
أ
˿ǸΪ׵̫ϳϼһ˲䣬еͱ飬һ֮󣬾ͻΪ˻ҽ
Ʒеտɫǹʵ̫ˡ
һߣΪ׵̫ϳ˺üֻ֮мΪȻ顣
һһײ֮УȻȫȫ·磬ʱܹо֮У඼ڲѪˣѣҪĹǿǿάס಻ըĻֻһȫҪըˡ
ʱ˳ƷĿ£Ҫ֪ƷϵϢص̫ˣ˵ϿȥƷһûйˣڳֵһ˲䣬صһʵ˲䱬ˡ
Ұ޲ԵʱһڻûгֵʱԼצȴʱһ
һ֣ЩǱצܹһ
ǵģףƷƽ񾿾ʲô˼ǽһ顣
ǲȻŭǽžޱߵĿ־巭ӿ
Ϊһ˲ˣԼǳƷĶ֣·һ
һ˵ʵ򲻹ֻһ˲飡
Ʒտɫǹĵâ֮ȥƲֱӺ̫ϳɵķ󷨡
ӭǣԽԽֱӵ˳Ʒǰ
Ʒеĳǹͬһľɱ񣬷ɱһ˲Ͷơ
ͣ
ǹ˶֮ٶȶΪ׵̫ϳϣһ


2065 ͳͳնɱ
ǹһǹ˶Ʒ̫ϳܵɣһ˲³һѪ͵һӵ˳ȥ
Ϊ׵̫ϳϸңֱӱƷһǹ
Ȼ˱ԸǿһЩڳƷǰûκ塣
ƷսѾСλ⣬˵Сλ֮иûܹǿģܹȼ˶ǲڵġ
λĸ֣ԳƷʱ򣬶ûʲôɱԣ
ǿƣǿơ
ǸΪ׵̫ϳ֮ǰ˫ۻϴأԲţСλڵʵȻƷһǹ赲ס
Ҫ֪Сλ۷ĸ֣ܹȻ򲻹ҲԱ֮ټСλڵĸֵĸ򲻹Ҳ³
ȻȴףƷȽϣĿʼ
ܣ
ʱʣµشڵ̫ϳ̾Ͳܵͷ˲Ϳʼȥ
Ҫߣˣ
ƷЦţһӡ֮ϣۼһȻץ˳ǹȻ͵һ˳ȥ
ݣݣ
ǹ˺˳գһΪƿһ˲䣬˳ǹѾش̫ϳϸˣǶ˰֮С
ǵҲܶһ˲Ѿնе
Ʒһֻץ˳ǵʬץɽͼĿռ֮С
򵥴ֱ
ֱӣ
˶Ʒľɱ¾ˣʲôͨʲôѧڳƷͳͳȻֻһ֮ĳǹܹӵ֮ǿ
ҪĸֶʱһĸоΪзҲûа취ӳƷʵ
ܹӵʲôزؼĻÿӵʲôʵ
ƷľԸһԼһһͽֺЩ࿹⣬ǿ޵еģܱȡ
һ˵ȻƬ֮䣬ڵ̫ϳϾѾ˳Ʒǰ

һڵ̫ϳϴһ˫Ŀ죬ŭ˼¡
ĿųƷ¾ͬ飬־ŭҪսǸܣԭǣһͷûûа취ܹʱȥ֧ԮƷ
ȻųƷЩڵ̫ϳնɱһգͱһͷĽŲˡ
ҪͻΧûκεİ취޷һͷ޾֮ѡ
ڲŹģ
̫ϳʱֱӳһץȻץһӣһӭǣɲǼ䣬ѾǳһƬСɽĴС
̫ϳϳ趯һƬӣԭǵضĻ³Ļ棬ʱ򣬾Ȼ෴ķȥŻķ˹ȥ
ʱҲŪæңȻ³ģӵػͨЩɲѰĻ棬һ
Щ𣬼ǿͬҲûа취ֱӶԿ
ʱˣǸ̫ϳҲ¶˼ϲ飬һеõķΪ鶨죬ڷϵһʩչͻ磬ʲôĹͳͳɳȥ
˵ǹһ壬ȥܹ˴ĹɢΪ¡
ԵǻĿµҪ񴵵ĹɢǲܵģȻҲûҪ񴵵ĹɢֻҪʱ䣬һ˲ʱ䣬Ǿ͹ˡ
Ϊϼƣ
Ǹڵ̫ϳϼ˲ץӳԶӴܶȥ
˲ͻһ⣬Ҫݳǡ
ʵ̫ˣȻǱֲĹ
֮ǰеıʱҲͳͳˣԭΪһϣ˳ŵС
һλ̫ϳ˳Ʒʱﻹ˵ô࣬ԪҲ˲ˡ
ʱԪҲʼżϵͼɣΪԼȡ㹻ʱߡ
ͻȻϵ赲Ҫߵ·ϡ
ɣǷҪ׺˺ôԪδ󺧣æŭ
˺Σ֯ݵĸַţѵͲ˺𣿡ЦڵʵȷʵǲڵģȴҲʲôӡ
ڷѾ˼ҪɱŵΪҲ׷ŭˡ
ͷƷ֮£Ѿ÷һƬŭһγŵ飬¶᳹׵׵ıŭ


2066 Ļ֣
Ϳףں֮ìԽԽң˫ڸ֮佻Ҳһˡ
Щļң
ֻΪЩ꣬ڸ֮еҲļ
û˺ҲֻһƤ˶ѣ
һֱάŶƵĵ߰ˣ
һΣ˺ҪɱţǶҲ޻˵Ҳǹһ֡
ҳֵˣǷڵĸ֣һͻȻðĸ֣Ȼֳֵķʽƺе졣
ɻ𾪵ʱأһֲ˺˳գһ˲׷ǸӴܶȥڵ̫ϳϡ
ֻǼ򵥵һͽǸڵ̫ϳϹᴩǿ˼µλĸֶ˰֮С
һĻʵ̫𺳣ʱʣµڸָŵùǺ
һԭƵĻ֮⣬ҲֻʣˣԪһˡ
ҪסԪεʱǸƵĻһӱˣȻ˳ŵĻ˵أֱӳ嵽ɵǰһٽɸ˹ȥ
ߣס
Ǹ߿Ԫ˵
ԪμͷҲص˵ֻҪһգļضٶȻԻͣ
ԪεӰ˲ߣû˿ͣǸҪҪһսʱ
ȴһտɫĹâһӾͶ壬ϷõĽͷһ˲ѣûκηֱӱ
ȴ¶˼ο飬ֻҪԪߣļͲû䡣
һȻ֮УҲͬһͬͬķ֧ͬļ壬ͬһӻһ
ĴڣڵļĶʵҪˣǿƵǱδܹļһ⼸ѾǴĻʳֵ֮ıܡ
ڼ壬ɣڼɣôǾעⱲӶҪΪ˼壬ΪɶƴһС
ͬģڲȨҲûĻļȥЩҲᱻ³
ԪεĿ֮һоͲͬˣĿˡ
ҪĸмֵһЩ
Ȼһ˲䣬ͿŭĿԲһĻոӴܳȥԪαڰ֮У·һӴķ
һֻ޴ޱȵĴŰ޾ĻȪˮ̤
أ
Ԫν߾ȫҪ赲һֻŵʱ򣬻Ǻ޷һż̤˿
Ҳİ
߲ҽһͶ
ˣڵĸ֣ȫû
սһƬһļžݳЩҲµɱ¾ŵˡ
ڴ֮ǰǷԪѾӳȥ˺ԶԶˣ˵ӦѾ㹻ӵˡ
˭֪һ˲䱻Ʒץˣֻһ⻮ʣһ˲䣬Ʒ׷ԪΣһŽԪθ̤ķѡ
˫ʵϵĲ࣬ٶžԵĲ࣬ԲŻᱻƷ׾ٵĸ׷ˡ
̫ǿˣ̫ˣڿҪһץ˰ɣ
˲ɵĿɿڴ˵һʧôĸ֣ǶϾԪκ콾ڵõϢĵһ˲Ҫը˰ɡ
˶õڵõϢֻ֮ϾҪŭڵʵ¼䶼ҪΪ֮ˡ
һεͷйϵȻ˺֮󽻷ֻ¸ӿ¡
һȻڲԣԸţֻû뵽ǵûɱţ˷۱ʧ
Ȼ˳߲ôưոݡ
ԵǷͬΪʮȻֻҲ׵ưոݡ
أʱ򣬾Ǹ˶ʱһɿֲϢ֮ͷ˳һӰ֮˳
ʲôˣҶҵĵ֣һΪţһʲӳ˵ǰ
ǸǾͰɣ˲ҿ϶˵Ϊ˾͡
ֻ˶֪Ͳܳ˿ͺˡ
ǴǸȥƵĻ˵֮ģһУôԵôĹ졣
ǸǾͣ
Ҳ˷ǳȷ˾Ǿͣʵ̫ӡ̣ݣʵ͵λ˭ðƭˣǲԼ̫ô
ȻǾͣ
ʱɲŸոմӸղԪȥĸ֮лعͷǰ˵ݣǾô
ûֻͣԼԼĲ²⣬ȻͣھϵһϢʵ̫Ϥˡ


2067 һĿֲ㲻Ǿ
ΪַϢ·һڵԾ£ܹģµˡ
Ҳ˸ðһֲĴڡ
Ϊ͵һμ͵ʱ򣬿˵ǲͬնǿ˲ֹһǧһ򱶡
Ϊǿλλ¾УȻʱ뵽ǸͣȻʮֵļɵ
ڵϯӣһڵǷڵһ
ͬ˫Ĳȴرһ㣬꼶ϵĲ֮⣬Ҳòϣ츳ϣͱǿ
ֻͬͣҲǾ͵Ķ֡
˵һܴ裬ȴòвĴڣѰ˵Ѿ񻰴˵вܼš
Ȼź֮Ҳر𣬸ͬն˵ͨŵĻô͸Ͳֱ࣬һ
ôԼֻһܹƥеǳƷ
ϧƷδüɳѾ˾͵ϣ˵ֻһ㣬÷ʹļףŭա
ŵıɵҪǿ࣬Ϊ˱Ƶٶȷ
һܹľ콾Ѿ䣬ڳܲһˡ
ȻΪڸ߲㣬֪Զһ˸֪࣬Ʒûڵʱ䣬ȻôȥˣһϢûд˶óƷ׶༪١
һս˶ֳͨĺۼһЩǵĻûУ
ƷֻҲṦ󽵣͵ͬն
һеˣǰľ֪ͣеļɵжء
˲䣬ĺëȫķ۵˼£΢һ㲻ԵĻϾҪߡ
ǵģҪߣԾûκʤ㣬ֻҪѾǳˡ
Ʒɱοˡ
ڳ֮ûпɣƺɲмһһ㣬µĶֱһֵնȥ

ɶʱͫ΢΢͵ĲԱ˸ͬնֵֻܹʩչܣҪַ
ʩչղźɶλԪҪǿϺü
æˣַͨ磬һ˲ȫſǻǱֱһֵп
ɵַ·ֽһ㣬ֱһп
ͣ
ؿڳһ޴ޱȵѷ죬ֻһ㣬˾Ҫһֵĵг롣
ʱѾǳ˾ղųϰٹĵط
꣬꣬꣡
ɲϵĴŴڲ
ղżǧһʱûѡӲַĽͨʩչһ˲䣬ֱӳȥ
ڣʵ֤ս츳Ԥʮֵ
ǷӦѸٵ㱻͵һֵն룬ˣؿȻ˺ѳ˾޴ѷ졣
Ǵʱ亹ҵʹѹȥֻһҡ
ȻѾȥ˺ܶ꣬ȻʱȻȻ˵һοͳʱĳ
ͱƲɵֱӻǸͼս콾ҲͬǸ֪ĸǰ㣬һǺɨ
֮ͬУûĶ֡
һ콾ڶһǬԪ˵Ҳ˿ȻԾ͵ʱȴǺ޻֮
ǵƷǬԪķ棬ҲΪʲô˻Ϊܹ͵ģֻһƷѡ
ôȥˣҪ˵һսˣڣǼ򵥵һֵ˲˵ֲֿļ䡣
ֻܹһоʮֵˡ
㲻Ǿͣ
ɻĿ˵֮дżֿȡ
ȻܲϣɵĻӦòֻĳ̶ȶѣ
ɵĻʱݳһƬȻ
ղһ̫죬Ҳ̫ƽ˶еİܹԱȣɵĴʵǵȻ֪ġ
ʮǰͬڵѾǷǰеĴУһͷ
û˸ٽһȥӡ
ǰĴս֮УҲ·磬ڸλĸ֡
ȻֻǼ򵥵һоͱش
˶óǶÿ죬һ͹һϡ
Ȼȴ˵˾ȻǾ͡
ʱǻȻ


2068 ɱ㣬ɱı
Ǿͣǻ˭
ðͣ
ⲻܣ˭ĵô󣬾ȻͶð䣡
һʱ䣬ϣ˶⾢Ϣסˡ
˾ȻǾͣȴԾ͵ģ֣˸оͬ߳һһһûֹͣʱ
ȷʵǾͣǾ͵һѣ
۷׷֮ʣƷˣֻĮĿǰľ͡
Ȼ֪ǰĸͲǾͣǺ;Ҳйϵ
ɵ뷨һҪ룬ʮǰ͵ĲҲֻˡ
ͶԸƷʱƷֻèϷһϷˣĳƷʵѾǿ
ľڳɱҲѶȡ
Ͼ񣬱Ʒ׾ٵɱʵµԪΡ
Ҳɿ׾ٵжϳǾ͵ĸԭ
۹⵽׻ǱȲϳƷܿⲻô򵥣ɵһ
ԭǻ
˶ʱȻѹֳĺ;һʱƾճˣ˶֪һЩͨһ˵ݻʵԶԶ籾ġ
ǿģΪǾ͵ıǻܹĴڡ
Ҿ˵ôĵӣȻðͣ
ҲˣƿĵӰһһǶ콾һĵӣ˲ţ׷֮ӦҲ࣬úĻδضִڵһ
Ƶº֣Ҳˣ
ݳеֵʱһӾˡ
ͨк֣ܶһ˵ݻʵԼٷ֮һǧ֮һ
һЩĻܹͨñ൱ʵͬģҲҪ൱ĴۣǱĴۣǸĵر
ĻȻҪ۳һ൱СһܹɱλеķǵС
ǷԼõĵӵϵĻһҲ˳ˡ
ϾҪķѵĴٴҲȲĸҪ
Ʒĸ͸һЩ͵ĻǴƵϳǴĻ˵ϳȻΪڹؼʱʹóԱơ
һ˵ǻƴҪǸˣĻǰˡ
žҲû뵽ƷȻܹһɱǸˣʹóĻᶼûС
Ϳ϶Ҳʹĳطʱֱ۳
˵۷׷֮У͵Ļüͷ΢Ҳ֪ԼʹֵĻҲûʲôһֵĻζΪˡ
ȻʵȴԤϵĻҪ⣬ƵĻѾˣȴ
һûɱɣ⣬ֻǿ˳ƷܹоĳȫǿĲǱˣǳƷ
նɱϢҲͳƷϵϢһ޵ġ
Ƶʬ壬ȫʬ
ֻ˵
Щ֣˵ͻѾ޴Ĵۣ׼һ߻ƵƣӦǷǳͽܲŶԡ
ȻĻֻܹ֮ܳޱߵĮٲȻںͽܡ
ֻͽܵʬס
ƷֻһЦ˵֣ʮǰԼδޱƷ趼ںҪõƷͷѪĻԳ
ҲںԼ׷ԳƷ
δ޶ĮĶԴͽĮҲȻˡ
ȻǺںƣôΪʲôҪֶΣ
Ƶʬ׾ҵб¾ðɣ
ƷЦЦ˵ڸղŵʱƵʬѾսɽͼĿռ֮С
ȻǺںƣֺαֶΣ㵽ҪͽϵõЩʲô
ƷȤĿ˵
ֻ˫ü壬˵Ҳ㵽˭ʲôͼ㲻Ƶʬ׵ĻҾնɱ㣡
ɱңΪıôƷЦ֮˸ɱ⡣ıһôᣬҲգɱ֮ǰɱ㣡
Ʒԣݳеǿ֮ȷˣƷ϶Ǻ;𣬷Ļ˭ҲԸôƽ׵ĵôһ֡
ƷȻҪȥҾͱ鷳
ôĿǲ֪ΪʲôȻмֿŶȣ


2069 նͻ
Ʒ⻰˼£Ҫ͵ĻնɱҪȥնı𣬲ν
Ȼ֪Ϊʲô˾ȻãǴӳƷ˵Ҳδزš
ĸоԼ̸ΪʲôԳƷС
ǿǲ˼飬һʶûУڳƷƽ֮£Եʮֿš
ɱұõôֻ˵û˿ĲһĮͲпᡣ
Ʒ֮УѾ˸ź˵ɱˡ
Σ֪ļһԲ£
һ˲䣬ͳˣĴֳһץ۶ɣһڳâɲǼն˲񷣬ֱӽռ˿
һ֪ѾƽСλ۷ĳ̶ȣղűƷնɱǸΪ׵̫ϳϻҪǿһֹ
Ȼֻǻѣܹõͱȣž޴Ĳ࣬ǲɷϵǣĸȴڵġ
һ֣չֳǿʵ
콾ķɣʱȫȫչ˳
ʱ򣬳ƷֻЦһȻֱһǹ˳ȥ
տɫǹâſռ䣬γɿµ𵴲žϯȥ
˫ʩչ书ǿǿͨ۶ɵģȴѰķ֪ǿ˺εȵĵزǾֵķɡ
¡
ݳǵϷһ޴Ģƻڶ˶Ȼ˫սɵĿֲನġ
ֲֿײǿ˵һҲδܹĵһΡ
Զɻųˣʱսֻ֮ʣ˳Ʒ;ˣ˶룬Ļֱ·һˡ
ɿս֮еӰ֮˸Ÿӵ飬Ʒĸд
Ȼȴ֪ͬ¼ľ֣ıԽ٣ʵԼοĹȥ
Ͼ͵ֺʵ֪ѹͬһһһЩϹŶĶ֣׾ٵĻܡ
ڽֻǾ͵һѣȻܹӵԼ޷ƥеǾ͵ıʵõ˺εȵزأ
뵽ᶨĵģȻоЩҡ
츳һӣֻҲδܹ׷ϾͣϵĲɵġ
һӰʱ˫վͬһ߶ȵĴˣȻȴҪ;һͷ
ĸоܣȴҪܡ
عЩ͹һŵļһͬһʱ콾Ƶһ޶ɡ
ʱҲܹЩͨſ񣬴Լͺڿ͵Ҳˡ
˫ĲȽϵ˼бȽϵ˼˵վԼ
ɺ˼ʱأսлеսַ˱仯һĢ֮УһӰѸײڶ֮ƣֱ˳
һǲǳƷ˭
ȴƷտɫĳǹһ伸ֻһ˲䣬ͬ˲һ㣬׾ٵ˾͵ǰ
ˣɫ΢΢࣬ڸղŵײ֮УȻ·硣
ȻֻһѣȻ˵Ѿܴˡ
û·磬ΨһһγԿʮǰǸļһ
뵽бƷĳٶɢһ˵Ĺâ
âһ˲ϯ˳ųƷնȥǼһ˲䣬Ϊ𺳵һĻƷֱһ
أ
նȥĵâֱĵķ飬Ĺɢ˿֮С
ʲôΪ¶˺Ȼ顣
Ʒ֮ǰһֱʩչĶǹδʩչԼΪУΪƷҲͲ˶ѡ
ȻڣƷʵжݺݴһơ
أʱһ֮󣬳Ʒտɫĳǹֱ˺˳աͬ˵һ㣬˲֮С
ͣ
ǹ˺˾͵壬ǴԪɵ嵱ѵĹꡣ
˴ʱڿھ͵֮Уһľͷżż֮ɢǿǴʱżȴƷһǹ͸ˡ
żѣһһı飡
żȻھ͵֮УȴǱƷˣһǹ˸͸
ԭǸżѹӵʵˣ
Ʒ˵żһķܹԻżΪģ۳һǿĻ
ֻżΪ۸񼫸ߣ


2070 籩
Ծ͵ݵλ˵ĻżȴҲһôֵ顣
Ȼһ˵һϡڳƷ˵ȴ̫
ݳУһƬһļž
Ȼˣ
³һ䣬ͺ͹ըһ㣬˶Ʒ⾪һˡ
ָоͺԼļֵ۶һ
ǿǾͰ
ȻЩܹ꣬ͨͳֵĻǳ٣ǵͺµӰǲϳ˵Ժ֮С
˵ĵӶɳ콾µһλˡ
Ѿӵ¼ķɳΪ˴˵
òǰֵ˵Ѿǵ񻰴˵
һȷ֣ڶԸƷ֮ϡ
뵽ǿһ콾ĵһڵʱ򣬿νȺ֣ǺΪ콾һ˼꣬Ҳ޷ԽĴڡ
Ϊδпܿ͵ĴڣҲΪͶԳƷ֣Ϊ˳֣նݳ
ֻгƷԼ֪Ѿʲô̶ȣնݳ˵ǲмΪ֮
ҪɱƷҲԲǶԳƷĴɵ
͸ûнκ˷
Ʒ·棬ͻǻʹɱ֣ǾԲ³Ʒɳв
вڵģ
ǬԪƷὫô
Ȼᣡ
ʵԶǬԪʱ򣬳Ʒû¹˵ʵԶǬԪ֮ϡ
ƷʵնɱǬԪ𵱳ͶԸƷʱҪɣһͿɽնɱ
ֲ໹ʱƣϵ
ʮǬԪһ𶼲ǳƷĶ֣
ȻƷǻᾡ취ǬԪɱһΣΪǬԪвԼֻΪ˱ĳЩ鷳ˡ
ϾƷȻ޾壬ҲǬԪһЩĪ顣
ԳƷ̫͵뷨ˣ
˲֪Ʒ뷨ֻþǸо˳Ʒвʹɱֵġ
Ʒնɱ˾͵Ļʱ򣬻˾޴ĺ䶯
ڳֻһĻʵô
ֻҪ˶ܹó͵Ļ˵ʵǿһͿ
Ѿһһľͷ͸֣ԪεһսνǾ춯أռϷ磬˵ǳԽջԼ֮ϵ콾
Ծ͵ĻʱɲһеĶ֡
ͱһֵնɱ
һĻ˵Ժ֮У
Ǽǿزľ͵ĻɲǳƷĶ֡
ʲôͷôô£
Ͳ¾ͣǺ;о޴ìܰɣ
¾ǾκˣԼһ콾һƱ̫ϳϣʹưոݣǲ֣
ҹҲ˶ˣ飬˶Ѱҹϣ
۷׷ףǿƷ¸ݣǴʯͷĳģҲĴڡ
һҪԼ̫̫ˡ
Ҫ׽ĵˣͿܻǰ콾ս֮лعɣ
˵˶֪һѵĵ·Ѱͻƣ¶˵ǰ
һԼĻնɱͺܿǰ֣Ǹʱ򣬲ޱ߷籩ʱ
ôһڶ
ۣ˶֪ǣԽԽͬˮķںȻ
ڳնɱƣ׼ɱţνһһ
νǸ߳
˵Ŀⶼ䵽˳ƷϣҪݣǶûãǿۣǸͨûа취Ʒݡ
ƷֻƽĿһˣĿɨݳ֮ϡ
ʱݳǵϷֻʣ˷ڵǼ֣Ϫˣʣµľǳˡ
λǰл֮
ʱǰһ˵
֪ǰպűر
ƷֻЦЦȻ˵ˣǻټ֮գ
Ʒô˵ʱЩֻ֣ǰЩϤ˵ĶϤġ
ǰ˷նɱ˾͵Ļڿ²׷Ź㣬ǷطڣǷڱȻὫǰΪϱڣҲûа취ǷƤӵˣŶ˶٣˵
ڳƷ˵Ӧõģ֮ʱվڵģҲֻзˡ


2071 ع
ʱҪԳƷֵĻҲΨзʵԸӻƷ
Ʒֻҡҡͷ˵ˣаţ
֮¶˼ο飬ʮʱڣŷõ˼ĶͳɳжȣȲѾǵǸëëˡ
ĳŲŵ콾һͷ
˶֮󣬳Ʒֿ˵ҵͲùˣԼСģδͻ컯֮ǰͲҪˣ
ŶԳƷ糤һĵĻɵŪһͷˮȻóƷĺ⣬ʾ˵ˣ
ƷҪΧҲٶ˵ʲô֪ݣ綼Ҫ¶ڣܶȡһʱͶȡһʱ䡣
Щˣδʱ
˵Ĺ򣬳ƷξѾʧԭأʧʡ
˾˭ΪʲôҸомϤĸо
˵
ΣһãȸҲû뵽ھȻôҪƤȻôĸֶԸţ
ԶŵĻѾ˵ǰȻµĿ˵
һΣһֲо¡
ڵ׼ԶԶĻҪ֡
ڴ֮ǰǶڵƷûȻܶ׼һЩͶ׼һЩ
֮⣬붯ɣңɽǱҲȥһ롣
˭֪ˣȻóų¡
ڶɱŵľаľ
Ҳҵȵˮޱѿ
ΪǳŵĻˣҲСڵľġ
ǰҲ콾ϵ콾⵽ĸԺʹɱҲʤʤö١
Ȼȴûйݵĸֵķɱ
ŲǬʿ컯֮΢ǿһЩĸֶնɱţûʲôѶȡ
ڳ컯ĿģҲǳһλĸ֡
ǶԶԸķΧ˭֪Ϊ˶Ըţڲ޵Ȼĸ֣ࡣ
˵Ǹ֪ظͻȻ֣ɾҪʧǰ㣬Ǹʱ򣬺Ƶһܾˡ
ǵ͹ˣ콾һ˵Ƕôİˡ
֮ǰȻ콾ǰʮ콾콾֮еٮٮߣڴĵ֮ͬУŵĽǰʮ
ǰʮǰʮ͵һͬնȫͬһ֮ϡ
ôһڷŵ飬ܾôˣʱпݵı磡
֮бž
˵ıǵͷɱƷ֮¡
һս÷ʧȥһŴ˵ľţ÷ʹ顣
ʱ䣬Ķȥˣ˵ûûдﵽ컯֮ǰͲҪˣֻڷ֮ڲȫģ
ɵ
ţ
ȻҲ׺ôġ
ԶǣԶӪ֮С
ʮķչԶѾ˷ԲǧĳǳأȻƷʮ겻¶棬Զ¶ƳƷš
ԶǵķչһֱǱŵƷķչ·ߣϵķչѾ˸һģĺ;ġ
ټϻк֮¼ͬĳƷһ㣬Զ·ǵûܵѹ෴Ļϵĵõ䡣
ЩԶҲʱʱֵǰսĴսѾ˺պ޵зɡ
ԶӪ˧֮УȳƸ֮ϣʮʱ䣬˶˼ַ˪֮³һСҲ˼֡
Ʒڱչ֮ǰԶµиȳƣʮĥȳҲѾΪһϸͳ˧
ȳԶķչأ߳һӰͬƾճֵһ㡣
ʲôˣ˲;һΪһӱ˳ȻҲѾǬҲƵһ֡
ҲΣԶԶǣɨ壬˲֪ˣΪڳƷ֮˧Ҳ⵽ֹһεĴɱ
ȻǼΪġ
Ǹ˵ݵʱ򣬶ʱ
ү
ȳƵǲģмʡ
ǰһ°ɫۣ룬Ƕʮ£ݿʵӣȴǳƷ˭ء
Щŵ۾Ͼȷˣһ˵òԼװϢαװˣȷʵҹҹλعĳƷ
ҲԶĹǣ


2072 ʮ
ȳƽƷ뵽֮ϣȻվƷͨʮʱ֮УԶķչ
гƷµĺպĴڣ棬ȳƺͳ̿Ǭ
ǬڷڶԳΪϻ洫ӣǸ߲һԱˡ
˵ǿԼ˶ûжԶ֮С
ԭԻõԴҲԶЩĲϷչԶѾս֮һ֧պĴ
Ҳһٵ䣬ȳ֮⣬кüǬĸ֣ǵȳһͬ׷ƷˣгƷµЩֱͨǬؼЩ츳Ҳ㲻Ҳ̿Ǭ
ЩɶǮľؼҪ֪ٴһһĽܣۻ
Ĺ֮УԶ½չʮˣΪһ֧ţųλһֱȱţǸƷŵġ
Ȼ˿ƷѾˣֻԶһҧ˳Ʒû䣬ա
ԶǵĹģҲ֮һٵ䣬̶ʮķΧ֮ڣԭѾڳǣǵĴСѾչϡ
Ҫ֪֮ǰԶѾкܶ궼ûչˣήơ
ԶʿҲһٵߣѾд붼Ѿ龳һ֧ʮ־Ĵڸĸ֮жźպ
ϿԶľѾˡ
ܺãЩҲڣȫ㽫ԶһزƷĵ˵ͷ
ȳæ˵ⶼǺүµĻƾһĻζز
ȳƻûбЩͷȻףܹЩԭΪƷˣûгƷֺ֧ʹµĻ
ӹԶѹûа취ѹסԶڴССͷͷ
ı̩ؾͷö
˵Ϊһ·ͻͽˣǲܵ飡
һԭָǿǬѾǬΪ洫ӵ֮һȻûʲôǲˡ
ЩѹԽԽ󣬺ںүѾˣ
ȳ˵⵹Ǻ˵ʱƣƷҲû¶һΣͶɳƷ϶Ѿˣˡ
۲Զһ󵰸ʤ֪˶֣ǰЩ껹гƷµһڻ϶ǿ½ĳŴסЩ֡
ԶѾˡ
ڴʱƷع飬һ
ȥߴϢ
ȳæ˵
Ʒҡҡͷ˵²Ҫߴңʱ֪ѾˣҪұһʱ䣡
Ʒ֪Լعᱩ¶ڴ֮ǰһʱһʱ䣬ڲǱĺʱ
ҪץһʱԼΪһλǸʱ򣬼ʮǰľҲһս֮
ˣ
ȳæ˵ͷȻ֪ΪʲôӳƷ
Щұչ֮󣬶ʲô飿Ʒ
ȳƶ˶٣Щ渵Ʒ֪ȥ֮¼ķƼһ㶼ڵʱ
ոձչصʱ򣬼ȫ¶϶Ѿˣһ㶼㲻Ʒ䣬һϢ㲻
ŭ˵һξͶԳƷѾ˷̵ܹļˡ
ŵڴ֮ĵطҵײ
ھԲϵͷԼܽ÷ڳͷ
ڷ˵Ʒܹٴɱڻ˾һľ콾
ڱֵĻԺ˭Ұڣֻ¿ڵӾҪƵߡ
ŶвõɣּҵĳͻײڴĻʳ㽻꣬˫˲أôĳŭ֮󣬴̫ξԵţһɸΪ񲯣ֹͣ໥ԣ໥֡
Ȼ˶֪ⲻʱݷѣ˫ʧأټϴ̫ξԽ룬˫òӡ
ȻһսҲ𶯣ʮżȻһŭǺεȿֲ
ڷʱƽ˳ƷѾʵ֮һżڵ
ңɽ
ȻңɽȻ˵ʲôȻңɽȴгһͨľ
㲻ʮţȴҲû˸СңɽĴڡ


2073 ʮ꣬
ںܶ˵ңɽڻҪѲΪңɽûкܶԳֿԺ޹˼ɣڶ֮ϵ⵽ңɽľѻ
ңɽȻ˵ǲֵһᣬȻڶ֮ϣȴǲ۲۵һԡ
൱ĸֶңɽ˵׼ȷ˵Ӧڳ
곤ңɽ֮пɣ˵֪˶ˣ֮УҲɱĶ֮Ⱥ۵֪Ⱥ۶Ϊʹ
һս͹Գңɽڶ֮ϵǿƣڵͷڴĻʳڵعãȻڶ֮ϣȴû̫ĺ
ûңɽͷøߡ
һʱ䣬ڶ֮ϵڽڰˣϰ˵˽פĵطա
һвű˽ҷֵˣǳǹ俤˼ꡣ
俤˼ΪңɽȻʸңɽԴġ
һʱ䣬ңɽĸڷ಻ϵܹ˵ңɽһǰ¶Լ
쵼һе˼һʱڣ֮콾һʮ콾ڶֵ֮ڵʱɥ
Ȼûʵ֤ݣȻȴкܶţһвǱģ˼ꡣ
˼ȥѻǸ֣Ǹ콾ֱһնɱ
һʱ»Ȼ¸һƬŭǶ֣Ȼ˸ҶڵĵӶ֣ǻǷëǵ顣
Ͼ˭¼Ȼ
һսȻңɽ֮вδԭȻ˭֪ͳƷйϵ
˼ΪƷδޣټѰ˿ƷΪ˼Ĺϵűԡ
˼ԳйޣҲһܶûУҲǳ߼
ⲻŸոֻǿʼѣûã˼ٶȳأһΣĿֱָŮڵĶŮ
˵һս˵Ŀһս
֮ǰŮԴС˼꣬Щ˼޵
ȻһΣ˼ȥֻҲ׼
Ȼܶ˵ϣһ˼꼸Ѹײڶ֮ƵĻ˶Ů
˵궫Ů˼껹ǷѾ˾ţ֮㣬Ż˼꣬ͬʱҲ˼롣
һΣ˼꼸Դݿ֮ƻ˶Ů֮ھͷֳʤɴ䡣
Ů֮شЩǶŮĻƴ˻ȥֻ¶ŮҪǶˡ
ˣҲ˼شʵ
£˼꼸һҹ
˼ȻѾ룬λ¼ľ콾֮еĵڶ
Ȼȴ̫ᣬҲ֤˺ܶĲ²⣬Ǿ̫СҪϮ̫ˣÿ˶ǳƷҲÿһ˶ӵֲʵ
Ȼһս֮еͳͳĶѾС
˼ԾԵʵ֤Լλǻʵԭ֮ϵһ콾콾ŮŮ
ڳƷдѾ£˼һλѾϵ콾һ
һս˼Ϊжд̡
ټ֮ǰ콾ϵ콾˼У±ŭ
˵ڵ̫ϳǰ
ȻδüңɽͱһֻնĴִıڵҲֻԱѡ
˾͸˵ˣ׷Ѫˣܿôһֻ֡
ڵԶӻңٴɱ䣬ѩޣͲòķڡ
һʱ䣬˼꣬ټңɽ˼ɾͳͨ˲෹۵Ľ㡣
ϢޱȾ
ǶڴĳһѾô˽ˣҲֻ֪ǴĻʳĳʹĻʳţ˻ʶңɽ֮пɡ
Щ˴µһֻ֣ңɽ治ϰˡ
һγ֣ʵ˴Ļʳ¼ͷѾ޿ɡ
ΪڲΪ˳ԵݣǳΪ˵Ц
Դӳ֮¼еͳͳ˵һԾɱĵˡ
Ŀֲʵ˶ɵõˡ
Ҳڶ֮ϵɢ޲ΪȻΪ߰Ѿϰ˱֧ʱĿ־塣
һǴңɽ˲࣬ȴѾ˾޴в
һֱңɽ֮ĶԹϣûͣЪʱ
ڶ֮ϣңɽĴӪǿ޵С


2074 콾սϣ
֮˫ĶԹͣңɽڵĳͻҲǲϵıֻǶ֮ϵĸս֮󣬳Ҳûгֹ
Ȼһսȴ㹻¼ɵѡ
Щ䣬ײ治ϣҲûֹͣ
һֱ콾սĿһֱңɽ˼콾սһзա
콾սʲôطƷ۾ûжãѾ˵ط
˼꣬˵ͣŵ콾ս֮С
үҲ֪һʲôĵط
ȳҡҡͷ˵¶˼ֿЦ飬Ǹطʸûʸǰ
콾սҪôƷЩʵ
ǵģү
ȳƵ˵ͷȻ콾սֻӵзʵ˲ܹǰҶҪ̫ûа취콾ս֮У
콾ս
ƷԺ֮ĸ֣ܿ죬ȳƾͽ֪ϣ˳Ʒ
Ʒ֪⵽һʲôĵط
Ҳ֪ǴʲôʱʼƺǴԶʱʲʱ֮սͻľͳ֮䡣
սλȿռ֮Уݴ֮ϣֻÿŻһΡ
ս֮УĴ˵Ÿָָ޷ʶУ˵лзʼĸֵĴС
ֵĴ˵һһ콾콾ս֮Уÿһε콾սĿõ콾ȿֺļС
ڵݺһǿߣûһǴ콾ս֮ĥġ
һ콾սҲǰͿˣʱ콾սƺƴȫµĿ⣬ҲֻеʱڱصĳƷһ㶼֪ˡ
͵ڵһʱѾ콾ս֮У˼ҲУһֱͳƷͬͬһ콾ϵ콾Ҳ½½Ľ콾ս
ͬ㻹δ콾սѾˡ
Ȼ콾սƺƴȻȴ˶㹻ʸеģ콾սĴűԷ콾ľѪܹ򿪡
ҳһ;ûа취УҪ󲻴ǿҪ콾սֻᵱը
Ҳû˴콾ս⣬йԳ֣ͼԾԵʵ콾սĴš
ȻʵȴǣߵʵԳ֣ûа취콾սúա
Ϣţ콾սȻγɣĳһλƳС磬ֻдﵽһҪ֮󣬲ܹС
ȻǷʼĸģǽֻһߵȻûа취콾ս
е˼ˣ콾ս
Ʒ۾ڵʵļ֮вδҵ콾սļ䡣
ʵļһֱֹʲʱҲԶʱᡣ
֮ǰδ˵콾սԵʱʵʵ͵λ¼仹֪ܣҲǷǳġ
ԿƲ⣬콾սȷʵͬ˵ӦԶʱֵ֮ġ
ǲһǿģǿΪʲôôһ磬Ǿ޴ӵ֪ˡ
ʱ̫Զ콾սڴĻʳ֮ǰѾˣ֪жŽлùһһĽ콾ս
ԳƷȻ֪콾սıʲôǺʣӦвѰ˲֪ܣ˿ѵһĴк͸ֺô
ܹô콾׷׸콾ս
Ʒ˼·˲һӶΪ콾սĹϵôƷ֮ǰûа취˳˼·һӾ˳ˡ
ǺںŮΪʲôͻȻɱǰҲΪ˱飬Ϊ˳ƷͷѪ
ԭƷҲףΪʲôϾĵطͨõͷľѪ
ڣƷƺѾˣȻԾɲ׾͵ľĿģǿ϶콾սֱӵĹϵ
Ȼ֪˾͵Ŀ콾սƷ͸׾ٵľʹˡ
Щɱ˳𲻱Ǿӣ
˼Ҳ콾ս֮УжôΣգֹĳƷˡ
˼׷Ѱž͵ĽŲ콾սһϮôֱ롣
˼ʵ𵱳ԼҪǿԾֻҲûжʤ㡣
Щ֣óƷҪǰ콾սһˡ


2075 콾ս£
콾ս֮У϶ʲôܹ콾ʵ
ȳĺܶ콾սϾܹó콾콾սĥ֮󣬵ٶȳ֮ʵ
ж콾һٳΪ¼ĸ֡
Ȼ֪ǾôģǳƷԼбҪǰһ̽
;֮䱾ʵĲ࣬Ҫֱ׷ҲҪ콾ս
֪ˣҪǰ콾սһˣԶµ黹Ҫ֣Ʒ˵
ף
ȳƵ˵ͷҲûʲô֣ģʽҲѾϰˡ
ƷȻԶµľ֧ȴֱӹԶĸԶҲѾϰˡ
˵ţƷһ㣬һâ˸ֱûȳƵԺ֮С
ȳƶʱоһƪеľԼԺ֮Уֻ˼͸оޱȵľԼϵⶼһһĽ취
һ֮ϣоֱָǬ۷壬һᣬֱָĸо
ʣһ޼֮
лү
ȳƴϲĿǰ˵Ҫġ
ΪȻǬзһ㶼ȱٵġ
Ϊڵ洫ӣҪǻȱеķǲǻ֮
еĹҲֻǹѣй֮⣬ڹ֮ἰν
ܹЩķģֵȹļֵҪͣҪߡ
Ϊиַ;õֽķǸشϣ˵ǺĵĵӸò洫
ԭҪеǬҪöģͬ˳ƷİԽʡʮϰʱ䡣
ֻҪͰУͻƵǬ۷岢ѡ
δплͻƵ컯
뵽ȳƼ̲סʵ̫ˡ
ǼҲûֹһ컯ĸ֣ܹĻǼһˣﶼס֡
ʵָ˵ġ
Ʒ˴βм㣬һʿΪ֪ĸо
Ʒ˵ͷ˵Щúϣ´οʱܹͻƵǬ۷壡
ƷȻȳΪʲôôӵеʼͻʼսָ˵ЩʲôֻǾ֮Ͷѡ
ѾԽΣ
úøҰ£Ժ󶼿㣬ͻƵ컯Ҷа취ͻƣƷ˵
лү±ضΪүİ£Ϲѣȳ鼤˵Ϊزһ뵽δлͻƵ컯̲ס
ұˣ
Ʒ˵꣬Ѿʧ˾֮С
ȳվﻹиղŵȻʧһ緢顣
֮ǰԶһҧƷûȻʵϰڵԶĸͬ
û˳ƷԶķֱʱ⡣
ȻڲͬˣƷȷѾָԶ˿ɽĹǣǵǰ;һƬá
һ֮󣬳ƷѾޱߵ֮ϣǼҵͼĹ롣
Щ缫Ϊ£ͬһѰѵĸֵѰ龳ĸЩ磬˲ͻᱻĹɢֱӺ
ǬĸҲᱻȻǶһʱѡ
Ψдﵽ컯ǿܹһƬޱߵ֮ߣҪСһСľͿܱش
ΨΪ˳Ʒ磬ſһƬޱߵ֮ߡ
ˣڸߴȻƷĵط
Ǹطʮһٱλĸֿᱻش
һ֮ϣǿգҫǳУܹǿյģ¶Ƿëǡ
ǳǰǰǿ֮Ϊ˼ѰĵرѰܹĵġ
ʱƷĿȫȫǰ֮Զĵط
һߴǧ׵ľ޴ޱȵĹسǳǰ
һ޴ޱȵĹسǣֻһţĹǽƺޱߵ֮У˿ȴƷܹоһ˵ѹǵض
ڹسǵĳ֮ϣһ޴ޱȵʯҹڹس֮ϡ
飬콾ս
Ҳ֪Ǻεȸдֻ֣ĸ֣Ȼγɽκ֮ơ
˷·һ˲䣬һѪɫս
ҲǳƷеĿĵأ콾ս


2076 򣬿Сλ
һ޴ޱȵĹسǺ棬콾սڡ
Ʒ콾սĸֵңأֻоͷһǰһ䡣
Լޱ콾սĹس֮⣬ǴһƬ֮С
һƬޱߵĻ֮У߲ʵĹâ˳Ʒǰ漴ƷȻ֣߲ʵĹâȻǱģȻһĴķ
Ȼķչ˳Ʒǰ
Щ߲ʵĹâһ㣬ڳƷΧȥ
ƷץסеһʱֻоĴϢԺ֮ʶ
ȷȴãȻĸоһӿֵ˳ƷԺ֮С
ָоͺһСѧһѧĿ㿴˽ọ̈̄Ҳס
ѾԶԶĿǰƷӵеĲΣ
ֻǿһۣڳƷ˵ҲŲĺôȻȴѾ۽硣
еĺôʤ
ƷҲ֪⵽ʲôط֪˵ҲһǧѷĻᣬһֱн֮УΪ
ھ˵˵ֻһḶֻ́Ҫ絽ˣиָİ취ʱڷٵ
ǰඥҲǷĵҩҲǷĳĵرаձ˵Ĺ׳Ĺ
˵ǧǧֻҪ㹻ߣЩͲʲô¡
֮粻ߣȴҪǿֻ߻ħ߱һ
ǿ飡
ڴʱƷԺ֮Уų޾ĹâЩ߲ʵĹâ˽ÿһս߲ʹâдϢ
ȻЩ̺֮ӴϢȻǾţһëƷȻֻǹп
ȻڳƷ˵Ȼջ񼫴
ƷԸоڴĸѾ˵ԴԴϵԭĸ򣬾ѾСλĸ֮¡
Ƕ̶ʱ䣬ĸ򣬾ѾСλλ֮С
ֶٶȣֱ˻һ
Ʒֱڿһõ⣬Ҫ˼ڤ˼·ǻһ⡣
ƷֱӾõһб׼𰸣Ŵ̵Ĵֱ֪
ټĽ֮£ֵϢƷԺ֮С
ƷֻоԼľ粻ϵ
Ҳ֪ȥ˶ãƷͣһΧռ֮ԭһƬ߲ʹâʧӰ١
ͳͳɽ֮С
һ˲䣬һΣ³˹س֮⣬磬Զ콾սĹسǡ
Ʒָһ㣬ǹȥһʱѣȻȴо·Ѿȥʮ꣬ϰʱ䡣
ܹԵĸоԼڴĸѾ˷츲صı仯˵ԭڴĸֻСѧôһεĸѾһ˳м
˵˷츲صı仯
ʱٿһƬأѾȫһĸоٿһǹ֮ϹŵҶȻһָо
֪˭дµһҶҲ֪ڹôû˺һһҶܡ
òϵǣдһҶˣʵ֮ǿ½ֻǹп˱ɽһǣҲ𾪡
ǳдһҶ֮˵Ķ֡
ѹ콾սѾô꣬ȴû֪˭콾սĿľΪʲôˡ
Ʒϣһɷӿķţһһֱӳ컯۷壬Ȼûֹͣϵ
һ˲䣬Ʒķͬһ֮ͷ˳֮󣬲ƽϢƷѾܹȫһɷ
Ѿ׵׵Ĵ컯۷壬Сλ
ȻֻСλڣȻսԭĻ֮ϣ֮ࡣ
˿Խʽķչ
սֱԭСλԲλ
ѰСλĸָ͵ĻǰһоͿɱԭɲ֪ٱ
ǵľͣƷҲӵһս֮
ʱƷſȷʮǰ;λʵ
Ʒķ֮֮ϸϸı仯컯ȣСλľںϸ
˵Ǭ컯Ǭ컯һôСλͬԳһ壬ֺŸںϣԽø֮
һһͶ֮䣬Խ֮Īܣʵ


2077 ͣĶ
Сλ֮󣬳սϵĲ֮⣬ҪǣƷоԼһƬص϶ڲϵ
Ƕصĸ˲ֹһΣǾԶԶӵеľ硣
ͻ֮󣬳Ʒľûͣ෴ģʱƣڲϵ
ܹоԺ֮еǸڲϵĽЩ򣬻ϢӿƷԺ֮С
ҲζţƷǳĴһֶ״̬Է˯վţţͳͳڶ
һһСʱĶǷǳ˲õģÿһεĶ򣬶ǾһͻͽĻᡣ
ǳƷӣʱʱ̶̿һֶ״̬ģȴǼΪµġ
ٶȣƷоԼܿ׷Щ֣һһһҹ򣬰շĸо
Ƭ֮䣬ƷȶסСλڵľ磬ľ绹һ˵ٶ
ܿ죬ƷѾһЩԣΪӵٶȥºܿҪԶˡ
ڲĹ֮У嶼ڳŸ߲νĹ̡
бǴһͲε״̬Ÿ߲ε״̬ԾǨһ֮С
֮нӵиǿֱӣΪ
ԾǨĹ֮УҪɴԭƷ̺Ӵں̵ܶʱ֮ھҪա
ƷԴԴϵӿֳķҲϳƷʱĵ˵һֱǴһ벻״̬
ȥºܿҪΪ˸ɡ
óƷ뵽ʷ֮ϣЩһҹ򣬰շֱӻһʧȴֱӻΪʬһƬ۳ʧڰС
Ƕٶ̫죬ĳŸ߲ԾǨȴûô֧һɱ䡣
ƷʱʧɫæʩչΧ޾֮еֱɽڡ
Щ֮еޱȵĿ񱩣˳Ʒ֮ڣ㿪ʼŰǺܿ챻Ʒա
ͨ۾ܹƷĿռ伸ǴδεĿɽУ˵ޱ֮
Ʒɽͼڣʯ׷׻촷ۣͬڵĺһ㣬ӿ˳Ʒ֮С
ĵҩӣӿƷ֮УˣҲŲǿƽ֮УƷ
ּҪյĸоõ˻⡣
ƷһæӶϿӶȥĻûаշѾʧؼˡ
ȷһ飬һĸûǿʲôж
ҪҵԴɲſԣĻӶȥ㹻ұ˸ɣ
Ʒϲɵ¶˼ֿЦ飬ҲǵһδΪһζʱ̫Լܱ˸ɵġ
ڹʷҲǾ޽еģǵʵļ֮Ҳ˵顣
ΪһǽչǵǰҲΪĲβܹͬյĶҲͬ
ﵽһ̶֮ȻȻľֹֹͣĶȥ
ȻƷİ˵ﵽһĳ̶ȣûûˡ
ҲǱƵĳƷòϿ˶Ĺʹתֹͣ
Ļֻ³ƷԼҪ
ˣȽ콾ս˵
ƷһӡͷƳһѪֱûһسǵĳ֮С
ʱ콾սĹŰž޴Ŀ򿪡
·һȹϵĴţͨһλõ磬һƬ޴磬ޱ󣬲ãصĸо
Ʒһ˸Ѿûһ֮С
ٶȿǰʱѾȺɽ֮С
һƬޱ޼ʵȺɽһɽһڿһֱʣһƬȺɽ·ɽһ޴ޱȵĽ
ģƷƺܹ֪֮ӿĽ
ޱߣã
콾սƷĸоĲͬ콾սޱߣڵΪȻûа취̽ȫĵطڼҲ̽ȥϰˣԶûа취̽ˡ
·֮䣬ڤڤ֮һÿ˵ܹ̽ķΧ
콾ս֮ϵ˵ƥ֮ЩΪĶ츣أʮֵŨ֮ʷǳ٣ԳƷΪֱգܹ֮ͨʹá


2078 Ƥ
Ƿǳѵõģ˳ƷΪĶ֣ҲǷǳߵģѰĸ˵̫࣬ûа취ֱá
ĻʯҲΪ֮ӲͨˣʵΪʹʯĻʱ䣬Ϳʡһˡ
ޱȵŨ֮⣬Ʒķ֣֮лɬĴ콾ս֮ϵĴҪӵĻԾ
ҲζţҪҪҪҲԶԶ֮ҪǿĶˡ
ȻȲϳƷһҶ֮ܵǼǳķֵķʽȴҲ֮в֪Ҫȥˡ
ѹֽ콾ս֮ϵ콾Ϊںܿʱ֮һͻͽķչƷ˵
Ʒڲ֪콾սûĺôֻԣʹӻԾһ㣬Ҳֵðս
ǴϷϰ˵ѶȣͻȻѶȣͻ֣ᷢԭϷô򵥡
ڵ֮еַι̶̳ȲµģĻʳֻͨģʽķι̶̳Ȳĵģʽ
Խι̣Խǲ˲׽ߵĸҲԽͣǿߵĸҲԽ͡
Ͼ˵й¶ԴҵBUGǼص©Ӱˡ
صķԽǻԾǿֵ߳ĸҲԽ࣬ͬģ˵ҲԽɱı
ƷҲ֪콾սʲôŪģȻҲòϣ콾ս̶ȣܹǿнطƵ̶ֳȣ˸
ֻһ㣬콾սˣΪǲġ
ܿ죬Ʒͷˣ콾ս̫ˣޱĵزԶԶֻһԭǰ㣬ֻһССսˡ
Ҫ취ҵЩȽЩ콾ǣ
Ʒܿ˾콾ս֮н˾ԲһҪŪ콾սİ취ҵЩ콾ս콾
أʱ֮ϣ·һɫƶԶ֣Ƭ֮䣬Ѿ˳Ʒǰ
Ʒһʲôɫƶ䣬Ǹһͷ޴ޱȵķݡ
һͷͨɫɫۼףһͷӥһ㣬ֻͷϳŽӲӵĶǣΪͣ¶ɢżΪ˵Ϣ
·һͷ̫źĵһ㡣
۶ӥƷ̾жϳһͷ޵֮࣬Ժյһݡ
ݾ˵Ϲźʱڵĳһ޵Ѫ֮ҲǺպ֮УҲܹŵϺŵġ
˵ÿһֺ۶ӥս֮ϣ޴ĿֻţڴĻʳľδûѹʱ
˵ս֮ϣǷߣֺ۶ӥжѸ٣ʵǿÿһޱߵɱ¾׵¾һǳأһǳ֮е඼һա
֮Уһֺպޣ֮Ų֮
һͷ۶ӥڳƷǰʱһ˫޴ޱȵ֮б˺˵׹⣬һӥͷϻ¶ԻĲ̵顣
ɲǼ䣬һͷ۶ӥֱſѪڣųƷɱ˹ҪƷֱһ̵

ƷЦһҲֱһһͷ۶ӥϡ
أ
һͷ۶ӥֱķ˳ȥ޴ޱȵֱײһɽ֮ϣɽ嶼ײƬ
ӥͷ֮ϻ¶˼ֲ˼飬ͬı飬һ޶
ƺ˵ţʲô
ǰģôһƸɳȥ
ǸϵϢǾԲ֪ģȻĺܺãֻһϢй¶ǲֻǳСλɵطĲ
һոս콾ѡ
ΪԼһˣ˭֪Ȼһķɳȥ
漴Դ󷢣Ѫ֮еϢ˲ٶһ޴ĺɫͬһ㣬ɲǼֱӳɱ˳Ʒǰ
죡
죡
죡
һͷ۶ӥٶȿ쵽˼£ͷϵĶǸǶ׼˳ƷֱӺУСλĸֶһ
أ
Ȼһ֮һͷ۶ӥһٶȳź浹ɳȥ޴ݺײ˴֮ϡ
ضھҵ𶯡
һͷ۶ӥѾˣֱƷһƳɹȥ
ٿƷСļ쿴Σе㲻ˣ˭ޣ
ôоǰƤޣ


2079 ʮ콾콾ưײ
ʱһͷ۶ӥѾ鲼ѷ죬ͬ֩һ飬鲼ȫ
Ʒֱӽˡ
һеˣҪ֪ҶǰԣȻԼʱģһΪѾСλ۷壬иոսֲĶ֡
һ֮ǿ֮еǿߣƵߵģ۶ӥȻױȴɵ
һƬǻ˺ܶΣӲӡ
һͷ۶ӥǱܵľߣǻߣȴһ޴ޱȵİֱӾͽһͷ۶ӥĽɽ֮С
ʲô˵ʲô㻹ܱסһĻ·һ
ƷƮ
һͷ۶ӥæ˵ͷټԴĸһϾȻ¶˼Իֺõ顣
콾Ʒʵ
ƷΪһͷ۶ӥӦ֮ĳǰ콾֮ƱĻʳҪҲӣ콾Ҳܹе콾У˵͵ߵǰ콾
Ʒ֪ģҲǻ̤磬콾ѡ
û뵽һͷ۶ӥȻҡҡͷȻ֮е콾
ƷҲЩ֣Ҫ֪֮иֺܶ࣬СλȻټȴҲ˵Ǿ޽Уֻ궼Ѿܴˣᱻ赲콾ս֮⡣
콾սѪǶҪ󣬳һ;Ͳܽ
ҲóƷ϶콾սȻγɣרƶɵġ
ֻǲ֪콾ս֮˾ǱʲôĿˡ
ܿ죬Ʒʹһͷ۶ӥĿе֪Ⲣĺ۶ӥ콾ս֮ޡ
콾սÿŻһΣÿһζῪʮʱ䣬֮ͻȥȥ֮ǰе콾ͻ뿪
ȻȴҲһЩ콾ΪԭȥȻ콾ս֮УģЩ콾ǵĺͳΪ콾ս֮е
һͷ۶ӥ콾ս֮еһ
Ͼĳһͷʵǿĺ۶ӥΪ鱻콾ս֮УһҲ
ҲǳƷЩû뵽ģ콾ս֮оȻбϾȳǱߵõϢҲࡣ
ֽ׶β㱩¶ԼݣҲûзطڣֻǴȳϵõ鱨ʵޡ
ȳƵļ̫ͣȻǷڵ洫ӣ콾սϣļҲֻһЩŰˣʸûС
ԳƷûֱһնһͷ۶ӥһͷ۶ӥϻԼҪ鱨
ͨһͷ۶ӥĽƷף콾սԶԶһʼҪӴĶĶࡣ
콾սֱ𻮷ΪΧΧȻмвԼĵĺĵ
콾սܹôഫеĵطʣںĵ
вȻΧ
ˣн콾֮еٮٮ߼ںĵ
Χĵ϶һЩСλĸ֣컯۵콾콾սĺĵֻΧѰһЩ
һЩСλ֮ϵĸֶѡвֻǿĸֲŻĵ˵ŸҽĵӵԱʵ
иóƷ𺳵ǣһν콾սĸֲʶƷΪǰ㣬ǧ˾Ѿͷˡ
֮࣬ټϱĻѾԽʮ֮ࡣ
ôôࣿƷЩ𾪵˵ͺʣӵзʵĸһãټϱ֮еľ֣ʮˡ
ЩʲôʱôֵǮˣֱ͸ײһ
УƷģҪ֪ȷ˻ԶǷ֮¶쳣Ŀأ˵ǵһĽӰ֮һ
ôĻҲ÷ӻԶĴˡ
Щ콾ǵ콾ǰ콾ңԶʷ֮У֮л콾һͷ۶ӥæ˵˵֪޲޲
ڳƷﻹˣʲôѾǳ׿ˣǰһƾͿԺ
˵ǰʵֵһᡣ
Щ콾ôڣǵͣӦøʸ콾սɣ
Ʒʵ
һͷ۶ӥ֪Щ콾ĳһʱһţڵ˸һʱ֮ѡԷ콾սʱ򣬲Ż³Ȼǰ콾͵ĻȴҲ콾ս֮еĽ


2080 ·
۶ӥĻʱóƷ뵽˵ʼ֮صԷķţ˵һΪصķӡķš
Ҳ֪Ǻ˷ģϹ䣬ѾΪʢС
ʹԷķſԽȫȫķסʱǵȫͣͣӡȥʱֻʮ꣬ôȥ֮Ȼֻʮꡣ
ϹĸֶԿʱŵð취ϾǿͬһĴڣʱһ޲ߡ
ֻҪһûг񣬳ӣһͻ᲻ϵ˥ϣֱֻʼĸΪԶѰ˵ѡ
˶Ϲֻôķʽ²⣬꾿ʲôǺεò
ȻƷͨʵļȴܹ֪Ѱ˸δ֮¡
ؼҪһߣѶ֮ӹɣĻʳô궼δ˵˳ɻʡ
ԵĴĻʳ֮ҲֻԳ˻ʣʵļ𼴱ǿͬҲԳΪʡ
Ϊۻʣǲֻһλãʵϵһ־磬ʵȴǿгƻҲֻЦ󷽰ˡ
ÿһ߶ѹһʱ޵С
ȻϹ䣬ȴʲʱ߲ʱ֣ѡ
˵ֻ˻ԻһʱϹʱ
ȻЩΪܹУĵ伮Ѿ˵ɲ꣬Ķ֮ʧ̫Ϣ
ΨгƷ֪ľԷķţһǿĻ߽ӡȴҪʱ³
ѰһЩԵĳÿһĻ߶ôŻᵼĻͬʱͬһʱͬһֻԵʢ
һֱһսںܾǰĻǸʱ񽫻ʱ򽫻һ֤Ļᡣ
ҲΪһݣ׷ѡ˸ַʽԷ⣬ֻÿһʱŻһʱ䣬£Է⡣
ϹĻۣʲľ
ʶòķĳԵͨˡ
ԳƷھ֮󣬺ܿͽ顣
͵ǰ콾սʱǰ콾һ˶ֻǧ콾֣һͷ۶ӥûйһͬһ㳬ʮ콾źеĳ
ΪʲôƷüͷһأʵ
Щ콾ͬЩһ㣬Է֮ӻ˥ϣһƷÿһƷȻ㵽ʲôԵ֮ŻǸʱƷ
ΪԷⲢһ򵥵飬ǹԷķžͿ˳µԷ⣬ΪԷҪǳĵر˵ǺķѼĴۣʵԽǿԷҪĵرҲԽࡣ
һֻӵŲпܻĴܹӡԴʱ
ѰŸûĻᡣ
Щ½ԷҲٻƷȥԼҪĻԵ
һΣʮ콾븴գǺεȾ˵ĳĻֻҪһƬ޴ĺ䶯ǲ֪Ҫٲ
ֻ´ĻʳҪͷö
Щ콾֪жǴӽϹ֮ԷģڵѾ𣬲׺ɣҲ֪ȥ˶꣬û˿ԹܵסЩ콾
Щ콾еĹõһǿġ
һ콾ǰеǼּš
ЩһѡԷ⣬ѡƷҪʱ䣬ͿԳɳҡ¾Ƶĵز
Ҳ
ڴĻʳʷ֮ҲʱĶ콾ƴʯͷͻȻһһ̶ʱھͳΪ¼ķ
ЩǴңԶĹŴ콾
Щ콾˵ôĻʳġ
ÿһƷĴ۶ܴ󣬶г콾Ҳͬһ㣬㷽ҵǳͬʱ֡
ؼԴޣô콾ͬʱգ˴֮໥ľͼ˲
ҲǺ۶ӥ˵ģƽûô콾ͬʱյԭ
ҲԽˣóƷô²ͬѰѰҪ콾սδ콾ĳ棬ȻȴܹõǺε𺳵Ļ档
Щƽﾡ˴˲콾ʱȴ׷׸գȻԭ
۶ӥһ۳ƷȻС˵شˣ֪ʲôʱʼһԣ˵һ񽫻³֣·֣


2081 Ҳ
·
Ʒ˲ˣΪʲôôĸ־Ȼѡͬһʱڿʼˣ
·
ĳ·
·ѣ
ʾ޵ѡ̤·ŸָĿ꣬Ȼ˹ͬĿǳ񣬳ӡ
ܳ񣬼ǿͬΣ
һûа취ʱĸʴ
Ψг񣬲ܳӣ
ǰôľžޣһȥˣȴҲֻһˡ
ԴϹʱ֮ž޵ţ뷽跨ѰҪҵ䣬Ȼ˺ľһûа취ҵ䡣
ǿѰľǳ֮·
Ȼ֪ǾǴĶ֪ĳ·ڽЩ콾ͬʱһ֮ȴǲʵ
˿ԵνĴţȻƷͬܵν飬ԭܼ򵥣˲֪Ȼ֪ȷʵˡ
ڱϣϡ
ȷʵһҵ
Ʒ֪ôԶ֮УʲôĴĿǰ˵ȴһ޴Σ
ʮ콾ΪѰһϢй¶ȥ룡
֪ϢģҲΨгƷԼһ֪䣡
һеĸ𵤻ʵļ䣬ʼս仹ɽͼȶĸ
һдԻ
ֻҪ֣и̸ʲô£ֻҪ㹻ԴûʲôͨǳƷɵġ
ЩƷϳԽǿߣ֣콾ľԽ棬Խ͹Գ˿ҪķʱɵһͨƷ׾ٵľͿɡ
мʡµʱ䣬Ϊ֮ˡ
·Ʒп˵ʱȥˣ̫ţϹţţٵ񣬶ʱȥˣβ׷·ȻǷг
ƷૣҲмָп
ʱȥ֪β׷Ϊ˳ô
ȻǣΪ˳ӣ
ʲʱĸ߲ѹһʱĸǴǿߣ˵ûЩҲҳֽ֣ɱ㿴
ʵѷȻȴûа취ͬеǰ㣬ӡ
ȻڣҲûܹĳӣƷҲɣ᲻ᣬνĳѹͲڵġ
뵽ƷĵĶЩҡ
ӣ߸ϵĴڵĻΪʲôǿΪʲôȥ
ڵĻǺεȴڣ
ԽԽ࣬ƷЩãȻһ˲䣬Ʒͻָ侲¼
ǰ·ʲôķ羰Ҫߵ۷֮
ݺ£¼ûܹˣûܹȥԸ飡
漴ĵ¼ᶨ
һͷ۶ӥԿ˳ƷĵĵĶҡ¼ᶨḶ֮́˸âȻȴûгû֣ղųƷͬһǿѹ˫Ĳ྿жˡ
Ʒתͷ˿һͷ۶ӥֻǵһЦ˵ղûж֣ܺã֪֮
һͷ۶ӥʱ󺹣·ǴӹŹ֮һȦһԼղŵ뷨ûƷƷĻҪɱһаˡ
ʵϣǵ˵Ķҡʱ򣬳ƷҲһûУһûУһͷ۶ӥʵƷ
˫ʵ֮Ѿ˱ϵĲࡣ
ſԪ񣡡
Ʒȵ
۶ӥҲӣæſԼԪóƷԼӡԼ֮ڳƷϡ
Ҳûѡ˫ʵʵ̫ˡ
Ʒĵ˵ͷڿʼһͷ۶ӥǳΪãֻҪһͷɱһͷ۶ӥ
һƪǽģ
Ʒһָһݹֱû˺۶ӥͷ֮С
һͷ۶ӥ¶˿ϲ飬ڵϱޱȷḻ
һƪȼߵĹǺ۶ӥһѪей֪Ҫǿ϶ٱ
ֱ֮
ҲòϣԼ֮ǰеĹֱǹʺ֮ǰеĹмľԣֻеһĳ̶֮󣬾ͻԶֹͣ
˵ѪԽǸ߹ҲԽߣ۶ӥѪֻ֮һ㣬е£Ҳмơ
ʵѪϢϢأҪͻѪ߼ľ磬Ѷ֮󣬼˵붼롣
һܹɹģ


2082 ид˽
ıԾţԾ˵еţɱѪΪ
飬֮ȻֻǴ˵
ҲֻǴ˵е̫ʱ֮󣬾Ҳû˵ֶĴڡ
ͬһƪͷβܹѪľ
֮УһΪʵĸǴܣʱѪܲܻиĳɾ͡
ȻȴƾϵʺͶͻѪƣɾϻߣеķҲһʱ
󷨡
۶ӥڳΪƿأʵԽǿ˵ȻôҲԽ࣬ҲѲƿأǿҲֻΪá
Ȼġ󷨡ҲֻǰһֵзţֱָķţڳƷС
½ֻһֵзţҲ㹻һͷ۶ӥоϲˣƷǿнҲһɨա
ӳƷ֮оһֵѪϵѹƣ·ľ
Ĵڣˡ
֪ΪƷڵ̫ڤ˵ѪѹѪǷ֮еķݶһͳΣѪϵѹƣ̫Ѿγɡ
лˣ
һͷ۶ӥæͷͰݣ޴ϰ¡
أڴʱԶһϲϷʵ̤Ьٴȫѹ򣡡
Ʒ̧ͷȥȴӴ̤Ŷݹͳǰ
ӣһԼĪʮҵģһǿʮģߡ
˸ոտһͷ۶ӥʱ֮о¶˼̰顣
ȻҪѰҵĺ۶ӥǸӾϲӵ˵˵︽к۶ӥûû뵽ֱˣ̫ˣ
̫ˣǸͬЦ
ʲôˣƷǸߺǸӣֻ˵
˵ԻѹҲûн·Ѿһͷ۶ӥΪ֮һ
һԣ۶ӥҲͬ˸飬޴ӥͷ¶ޱȵ顣
ڳƷǰɵĺһСһȻʵһͷԺյݡ
˵˳ƷӲӣѰֶս֮ϣƾһ֮һ֧Ĵ֧ˡ
СӣӣӦǴİɣҸ㣬һͷ۶ӥѾˣңǸ߿ųƷ¶˼ָ߸ϵ顣
򣿡Ʒʱޱȵı䡣
Ϊ̫ϤˣǾ͵ķô
Ϊһ콾һѾڴĻʳǬԪƷҪĶĶࡣ
ķţ
˵ڴĻʳҲĺˣ
ͳƷԶ֮ͬдһ֣ĺ
Ʒ;֮ĶԹҲԣ˵Ѿǲ졣
ûȥҾ͵鷳ֱ˾͵¡
Ȼ˵ģӦò콾ӦҲ콾ս֮е
콾ս֮УӻԾԣټŨ̶ȣԺĶ츣Ტۣ˿˵Ǹֱ
ˣȻǾ͵ˣǾ͸дһ٣
Ʒ˵

˵˲˲ɵȻףڱ˾͵ͷ֮󣬳Ʒǵ£¶ɱ⡣
ӦǾĶͷ
СӣҲ˭ȻҺͺүԣҾ㣬ȥүʱǸ¶˼׺ݵ顣
䣡
һ˲ˣ콾ս֮ϣֱ۵УУȻֱ۳һڽӲӵĳ
Ʒǰһߵַм˼
֮ʷǳֳֻ֮࣬಻ͬԡ
ܹһӽнϵ۳ɽߵΪ;綼൱
âһɲǼ䣬ͻһɫ⣬ɨգֱ˺һУ˳Ʒͷ­
죡
죡
죡
һٶ̫ˣƷûзӦߵһֱӴ˳Ʒͷ­ȻǸ¶ϲ顣
ȴеĽɫȻһһıѿ޷˺Ʒֺá
ã
Ǹ߶ʱ󾪣ˡ
ȻʱﻹüȴƷֱ˫֣Ȼ͵һ˺ǸɲǼ䣬ձһɿֲ˺飬һƬѪɢ


2083 ۶ӥͻƵλ
ֻǼ򵥵һжѣ
ΪѾﵽСλ۷Ķ֣Ȼ˺飡
Ʋˣ
۶ӥһĻͬĥһ޴۾΢΢ǿʲôһ
ƷķҲ̫ˣʱʮֵҵûг֣ĻƷķƲˣᱻƷһƺɡ
Ǹ˿һĻֱҲǸεѣΪǰСλ۷弶
콾ս֮УԭҲǵطһԣ͸շĲ¡
Ծ͵ʵó
ԭҪץһͷ۶ӥ˭룬Ȼֱôһݲӡ
æԶӶݶȥ
Ʒƹֱһֻץ˳ȥ޴ƾղȻһӽץС
һ˲䣬ողӴܳȥϰӾͱֱץ˻
˵ɣھĶ
Ʒ˵
أһ˲䣬ӵԺ֮һɿֲӿһ룬ӵͷ­˲ը
Ʒ֮ӵͷ­֮У˷ӡһ漰˾ͣͻԶը
ַӡˣӹɣȻǾ͡
ɴ˿Լãʹµˮ©ǬԪҪĺĶˣץİѱĻᡣ
Ʒ˵ʬ壬ൽ֮ϣʮʱĳɳʮǰȣһתҲ˷츲صı仯
λֵʬ׵ľѪҲܹܿתƬ֮䣬֮ϣͽöε
ʯ
Ʒüͷ΢Щȫʱ䶼ڱչػָƣڷĽ׶ΣϵĲƸֻ룬ڣѾǼˡ
Ҫ취ڻһЩƸˣ
ϣǬϴŵǬ
Ǭûа취ǱԴ򿪣˼õˣҲǺѴ򿪵ġ
ǵλ
Ϊλ֮ʵǱǣǶڿռ䷨Ҳһ̶ȵ֪ܹƾʵǬ
Ʒջʼս֮м¼ķţƬ̼Ĺ򣬾ʹǬ˸Ԫһ
鿴Ǭ֮󣬳ƷɵʮʧǬ֮мûʲôƸ˵ĲƸȻֻʮƷʯ
ôô٣ƷɵƵ˵
ˣҿ˵ĲƸӦǱ͸ˣһͷ۶ӥһ۳ƷȻ˵
ȻҲ֪Щ˳Ϊ͵׷ߣȻԾԸĳΪ͵£ȻǾһս
ΪսߣﻹбƸʸжٲƸΪʤߵսƷ
ǳƷʹһƪΪҪŵģǷëǵĴڡ
ԭˣ
ƷɵƵ˵
ʮƷʯҲûкã
Ʒö֮еһöժ֮ݸ˺۶ӥ˵̷ȥ󷨣ܲͻƵλľ磡
۶ӥʱϲ޴˫֮лмֺĸжΪųƷ϶ţû취
ڻδΪƷʲô飬Ѿջôĺô
˶ͣºӥм㣬պؽΪϵɽ»𺣣ǣһͷ۶ӥֱӻΡ
һԼĪʮµӣĴӳƷнһö
Ʒ˵ͷ˵һͷ۶ӥĸʵԽǿԽܹﵽ
һͷ۶ӥܳƿء
۶ӥֱĿһö֮ɢһֵĲֲһҲΪʲô
ϽһöȥʱϾͿʼһЩ仯һɹӴ֮ͷ˳
æ֮мصķſʼУһǿΪá
ƷһԿţҲûţһöҲȥת˻ʼʼһö
Ӵҩ֮ĴҴܣܿͱɵ֮УÿһϸڻȸԾһӴ
֮󣬺ӥڴ״̬֮лعʱΪ͵ȣһ츲صı仯
ֱӴԭСλ۷壬һͻƵλڣ
ֱ仯սϣսֱһ


2084 ҹĻ֮콾ս
־޴оϲ
ԼҪͻƣԼ֪ҪѶٵʱп
ڸųƷûжþѾˣ
ȫȫóֻΪƷסѣһִһֺܲ
ʱ򣬳ƷҲûţԭѹסٶȣǶ̶ʱ֮ڣѾСλ۷塣
ڴﵽ̶֮󣬳ƷٶȶϿ˶Լ±ϡ
ΪѾȫˣȥ˻ᱻ˸ɡ
սҲԭĻ֮ϣһ
Ȼ۶ӥʵܶ࣬ͬһǻսȫͬȻ۶ӥһȫµĳ̶ȣȻʵսͳƷ֮Ĳˡ
ƷһȥأҹĻѾȻ٣յԶԶ
콾ս֮ҹֻأƷǰʱһ֪ҪһС籾ѾǷǳѵ顣
ڷ֮ȴҲС磬ֻǴСͬˣһġ
Ȼڷ֮еС֮ȴԶİ磬Զ硣
ĵȼ˵ȻȲܹģҹ磬һ㣬۳ƷСĻô߹ǲΪġ
˵۶ӥ͵һӻһʱ˵ãѾˣˣ˵ز˾þܹҵһǳţв鷢
飬ʲô飿Ʒüͷȷʵоؼ·һҹĻĽ¶轵
Ϊ²仯ǧȣ˵ĵ˵ܹоõˡ
轵¶̺֮һ˼ȲһҪͨƷÿһëֳƷ֮С
Ʒתʼһųȥ
ԽԽΧ˹
ԶȻһɱŭǲһɱ෴ģǷһ޴ޱȵս
ǧɱ
ʵľͷһӰҹĻĽ٣˳Ʒǰ
ЩӰ죬żΪµܿͰ˹
콾սƷƺЩףΪʲôҪ콾սˡ
ããޱߵĺҹƬ콾ս磬ݹɨգƬ֮Ĺ򣬾Ѿ˳գȻһĺɫӰƾճ֣⼸ݹǰ
⼸ݹ֮еӰ֣ǰһɫӰȻˣȻǱӰŰΧסˣ¶⼸˵ݡ
˿⼸ˣϾͻ̷Ӧⲻһ콾ǰеļô
һϮۣķһɡ
һֳֺֻ䣬ɨϬͬľŮӣ֮еĸǴţ˭ء
һֳִʣÿһʵγһ޴ޱȵ֣һֶԻһӰ
¼ڶĺȻԺĵˣʡ
һߣһɫ۵꣬һľ콾֮һϲ
֮⣬һƤĽ˶ƶٶ졣
ЩˣÿһڽޱߵĿ񳱵ľ֣껹ֻ콾콾ǣʱѾܹӰ¼ƵĴС
Щͷзֲƽʱ棬Ҳĸּ涼Ҫսٻغϡ
磬Ǿ֣ǲͬӪУȻʱȴ֣γһСӣ콾ս
УȥĻ⸴յ콾ӢԽԽ࣬ǳᱻЩһ˵ģ
ʱһȭһ˹ĺӰϲû˿Ľ֮ɫ෴ģֻĵġ
ЩһǿߣѪ֮ǿҹĻ֮콾սϼֱָͬ·һ㣬콾Ӣ˶
һȭԴٸǺܿͻиӢ˷˹
ʵǿͬһȺˣôǿӢ飬Ǹоʮֳп߶
һߣĽ¾ǱЩӢϵѪ⡣
ЩӢܹǵѪ⣬Ȼܹһﵽǰδеľ硣
ǽʱ䲻ԣû뵽ȻѾҹĻˣ
ʱ򣬺Ҳ¶˼ֽ顣
ʲϵĵʣÿһֶܹɱɫӢ飬νĴ֮¼伸ûʲôаħǲ´֮ġ
ֻҹĻ֮콾սʮֿ£ȴҪѲʮ


2085 ǱĹ
һߵһ֣һ߲תγɺȻֿ֮ŵ
˽ԳĬǶǿ󴫳е콾콾սͿһΣ콾սô˿˽⡣
콾ս֮ϣ˲ͬж콾бص֮⣬ֲľҹĻ֮콾ս
ҹĻ֮콾սϻһ֮УһĺӰǱģǵս֮ȥ콾Ӣ顣
Щȥ콾ȻѾȥ꣬ǵһĨѾӡһ֮УÿҹĻٵʱ򣬶ա
ЩӢǰѾǼΪǿǿߣ˶ѷɫǣЩǻΪӢҲǷǳԶԸġ
ؼǣǵһĨӡһ֮У㱻һȭҲԽ¸˵ĳ̶ֳ˵ǲ֮
Щ޷ЩӢ׷ɱôǵսҲΪЩӢ֮һβ׷ɱЩ콾ǡ
ҪЩ콾ǿʢѪЩӢ˵Ѿʢ硣
һЩǿӢ˺콾ľѪһʵ䣬ԽԽǿܹҹĻճ֣Ϊµġ
ôɱоЩӢԽɱԽ࣬һûû˵ĸоɱٶȶϲЩӢ鸡ֳٶȡ
콾սֹ֪꣬ȥ˶콾ͳƵĹ
Щ콾ͳͳΪӢ飬ںҹ֮УʼǰΣʼЩ콾ɱĶ
УҪҵһţĻͳͳҪ
ϲһһƬɫĺӢ鶼ڵһʱ䱻ɱ
Ȼڱɱ֮ûжã֮±۳
޾ûа취ɱɾ
ֻ⼸˴ʱǴ粽У˺ҲֻԽԽӢ֮Уɱһ·ƶٶ̫ˡ
⼸˵ķĻ̶ȶоЩ֧ļǺųƷޱߣȻվޱߣġ
һ߷ûָĵҩҲûа취⾪˵ġ
Щǰ콾Ӣ飬Щ˸ûһ˸˿ķɣ׷׽Լѹ׵ĵʩչ
ƽѰ˸ԵһȻʱȴܹ֪Щ콾ǶѾϾ·
Ҫҹ֮ɱһѪ·ֵʱ
̫ˣǸ߲ˣ
æ˵еĺ䶼Ѿɱľˡ
أڼ˶ҪʱǷԶҫʡ
оˣǿ쳯Ǳǰ
æ˵˷׷׿ȥȻԶ⣬ֲָĺҹܹ˵Ǳߡ
Ҳ룬ͺ˳գֱ׷ɱ콾Ӣ飬ڷĵĲ֮ڡ
ȻǾͿˣǴ۾顣
һƬĮ֮УһѲں֮бȼĺڴһѲʱ򣬾Ȼ磬ǵûнһѲϵĻϨ𣬷磬ΪһѲȼյ
һѲԱߣһµȶӢİΧ֮УӾȻڴ
һĻ˿ˣ·Ǽ˹顣
ֲֿӢ֧µҹĻ˶Щ绽ǿ콾ЩӢΧ֮£ʮֵǱ
ΧԶһͷԼĪһ˴Сĺ۶ӥͷųֲϢͬѪһ㣬ǰһӰϯȥ
ǰһԼĪʮģӣϵĴżΪӺͿϴŹϵϢ
ʮֳһ˳ꪣһһӵĪܣӺһӢ鲻ͬ
һӢ鶼õģϵϢͬҲҲġ
ӢȴǷóһӢǰģ
һҰɫӼһʵֻ¾ȲǰҲǲˡ
Ӽ׵Ӣ᳤ꪣϳǰĺ۶ӥȥҪһͷ۶ӥǻɱں۶ӥˡ
Ȼȴκβһͷ۶ӥ
һͷ۶ӥȻλľ磬ϵ赲Ĺй޷ЧһѲϵĻ涼ûа취Ϩ
˫̰֮飬ź۶ӥǸ֪ӡ
ܴʹǰҲɹһЩ콾Ѫ⣬ȻָһЩǺʵ
ʱһԤУֻҪܽǸӳԵһָǰ۷塣


2086 һȺ
ɵ˿ԶӢĹ֮У·ͬκ֮еһҶۣʱ㸲
Ȼ⾪κ֮УǸ̨һ˿һλЩӢӰ죬ޱߵЩͼӢ黹δüֱӱ֮
ǸꪵӢ֮⣬еӢûа취ˡ
ûķ
촽΢ţһ˫ֲ֮˼顣
Щ˶ѾСλ磬һΪǾףЩӢʮǶ
󲿷ֵӢ鶼ǱһԹж
ЩӢǰһ콾дңԶǰԷ콾ȴΪԭ콾ս֮С
ҵδɣ׳־ѳ꣡
һеһжһԹһԹӡһƬ֮Уʹƾҹݵĸա
ȻݵĸҲֻǶݵĸհˣֻǺʶֻ˵ľѪԹѡ
ѰԹûа취ⲢǣЩӢһЩ콾ľѪʵǡ
ͺǸꪵӢһпܶǹɾ޴в
Ȼˣһ˵ʵȻϣЩƽ߸ϣ°ޱȵ콾ѡ໥ױΪˡ
Ǹо鷳ЩӢԸԲϵĸؼ޾ЩӢͿƵĸ
ǻķҲûа취һֱ֧ĸǿȵս
ЩӢȻʵǰʱ򣬵ÿһζҪȫֲſԴ򱬣漴¸಻Ĺ˾Դͷ
콾սϵ콾ǱĥָűЩӢʬ
ǸꪵӢȻ˲ٵѪ⣬ܹ²һֵǡ
ǳƷ㣬ǲǲò˶ãȫķͻһա
ǿ˺һƷϵķԴԴû˿ľ˼Ҳ̷ҩġ
ɴ˿ɼƷָٶԶԶǵ󣬳ƷĻ̶ȣɴ˿ɼһߡ
ֻˣ㹻Ǹо˴֮Ĳࡣ
ǸˣǸնɱԪεǰɼ̾ϳ֮еˣ֮ǰնɱԪεǸ֪ĸô
ƷȻնɱ˲ٵĸ֣Ƕ˵ԶԶûնɱԼԪĸӡ̡
ɫ䣬Ԫô飬ȦҲ䶯Ҳй¡
Ȼ˽Ǹľ
ڸôĴۣͼɱţͻȻðһֽˡ
Ǹɱ¾ɴ䣬ԪΣնɱ˴ڵ̫ϳϣƵĻˣǱĸֵȵȡ
һս£
һս֪ĸ־£
ֻǸźķ˸ַʽ̽飬鲻ţ
󴫳Ϣûа취ֵĸţ
һ˵ʵԽǿصϵԽǽܣԽǲױ㵽Ҳֻǲױ㵽ѡ
ȴһǰϢ鲻·Ǵʯͷĳһ㡣
˶Ʋ⣬Ͽ϶һܹķĻûа취ݳ
ôױ㣬ҳĻֻѾʬˡ
ȻǶΪǸӦһǱ޶ǰŶԣĻôһ㶼ûŹ
Ȼʵȴȫ߸ǵ֪
Ʒܹ뵽콾սζųƷ϶ӦҲǷ콾սı׼
ûŹͳ˻ܹ콾ս
أǻ𾪵ʱȴһֱĿĳƷȻһӶˣһץ֮ץУһ޴ޱȵì
ì᳤գ˲ͶǸꪵӢ飬ǸӢ˵ϡ
ƫƫǸӢ鱻ڵֻܲϵţҽţ޷
˻ÿµĹ
콣ü΢Ǹ֪ĸʵ̫ǿˡ
ӢʵҲλĸ֣Ŀǰǻ޷Ŀֲڡ
սָֻ֮ǰʵǿڣΨսпѣܻᱻ׷ɱ
һƬ콾ս֮ϣӢֲġ
ȻǿӢȴǳƷһĶ֡
ʱƺЩˣƷ׾ٵ¾һȺʵǸǿСλĸˡ
ΨɵĸоͬоƷ𵱳Ըǿˣ


2087 Ӣ飬Ϊ
ȻƷɱǿеʱҲôɴ䣬оɲ⣬Ҳһûа취ܹͨƷĳִʵߡ
ȻһԵĸоƷǿˣұǿ˲ֹһ㡣
Ǽα
һֱ
ȻԼֱ߶ԼֱΪֱ׼ȷġ
֪ʵֱǳ׼ȷ͵ոճصʱȣƷȷʵǿ࣬һǰô򵥡
˸ڳƷĺ˱֣һӢ򱬲ʲô£ȻӢ鶤ڶϣãܣǷǳѵ顣
ʵȫȫӢ֮ϣп
˴ʱƷѾױˣΪƷͲ󣬺ԭ²ĳǰȫ¡
ҲǷǳҪģΪųƷǱԶԶֻ˶ѣδԴﵽǶ޷ļޡ
ƷӢ鶤ڵ֮󣬾ţأԶɵˣֲ֮顣
û뵽ʱ򣬾Ȼܹǡ
Ȼɵ˲û콾սĵһʱͽ콾սȻǵΪСλԱ֮ѡ콾սֱƷ
ԶǰһƷ˵
ɵ˼ƷѾԼҲأͬʱҲӢ׷ĹǺæ˳Ʒ֮С
Щ׷ɱǵӢҲ档
ټһͷ޴ĺ۶ӥΧ䣬óƷڣһȫڡ
ǿʢѪԽԽӢ飬ǵأڱеĿռ䣬ȻǶܿ
ΪĵĳƷһֱŷıȴû˿ݽߵ˼䷨Ļ̶ȺͻָٶҲɵĽѡ
лҵȣ
ΪΨһƷˣɵǰ˵²⵽˳ƷͼǴҲ϶٣һǰǽвˣֻܸĽе֡
мֿЦ֮ɫڴ֮ǰû뵽Լ˾Ȼ콾սûжãͳɥ֮Ȯ
ЩӢ׷ɱǧЩҪЩӢ׷ɱ֮С
޷֮ͰˣƷ˰֣޷ָԭݺϣṩһЩ㻹ǿԵġ
Ѿ˴ҹˣҹ֮󣬺۶ӥֳ˼Ĳܿ죬ƷʹĿ֪ҹ֮콾սޱȵĿֲ
˵콾Ҳҹ֮콾սݺᣬʵ̫Σˡ
ƷҲз֣ӢֱӻữһɾȻӢ־Ͷ棬½Ӣ顣
һ˶ֽǲӢһ취ûУŻ֮Ŀֲ˵
ȻƷȴͬйģЩҲȻҲܹΪõģٽЩӢ֮󣬳Ӣ黹δĿ϶ͽЩֱߣΪá
ЩΪӢ˵ҹĻ֮ս֮еҪʮϡ
ҪôֱӻΪá
ȻҲóƷĻʼսԼ̫ڤ˵Ѫ̫ǿƣֵܹסĸʴƷ˵һ֮󣬾ͻᱻɱ
ڣЩ֮ɫӢ飬ԳƷʲôвΪе
ϺɱЩӢ飬ȻЩ̶̴ҹĹ򣬳ƷͷԼΪһ˵ٶࡣ
˵൱üµĿޣ
ԭǸոմﵽСλ۷ΪھȻпʼСλͻƵļ
Ȼֻм󣬲Ѿ㹻óƷ˷ܵġ
콾սϵĺô̫ˣûбģֻЩЩΪãͿʡȥĿޣѹô콾Ҫ콾սƷˣΪʲôô콾ھ콾սĥ֮Ϊһͻͽķչ
һˣЩƷаգڽ֮УΪᱩһأԾҲһս֮
˼ƷƺҲǺ˵æǰϣʵΪܹЩƽ߸ϵĴóҲֻгƷǼɲΪˡ
ǳƷһͷ۶ӥѾѹǣܹġ
նеڴˣҵȾܹЩӢ׷ɱҲҪȥһƤ
˵Ϊһ콾ûһģһһЦоȻżʥࡣ


2088 ҹ
Ʒһۺõм˼Źһ֮һ칦ɹ֮Ѱһĵıȫͬ
Ҳһ֮еľֻѪĵϵ˲ʸС
ȻӦþеһ칦˺һĸȫһ
ȻˣԵҲǴһְˣҳݣƷ΢΢һЦ
˿ʮɵĳƷɵøп˱ˡ
˳Ʒϳ֣γһȫһȻͬʼֺɱЩԴԴ϶콾Ӣ顣
Ʒķ֣ƺ֪ܹܣɣ죬ʣϲͳͳ֪ܡ
ںɱһӢ֮󣬾ͿʼµˣЩӢѰҪ֪ٱȼҪߵĶˡ
ʡȥ鷳
ȻҲ֪ܵģ漴ƷȻˣӦ˵ֻжԳƷһܰɣ콾սҲǵһΣʷ֮У֪ŹٴΣе콾˵ûһ˷һ㣬ǲЦ
ЩÿһżΪĸţǽ콾սֻ͵õ֮۵ϣƷʲôİҪõĶˡ
ƷӦҲĴģΪ͵Ĺϵʱָݣֻһݡ
ɵȻ֪ͬǵЧʺͳƷȾͲԶˡ
ЩޱȣͬҲǱޱȣ컯ߣһȥһȫǿͬѾλ¼䶼һ֡
ȻȻҪСһһӵĹܹһ
ƷͬǵЩӢɢ֮ϾܹΪԼãƬ̼ĹȫתΪԼãЧʾͱҪ϶ʮֹ
ҳƷͬʱɺüЧʾ͸Ǿˡ
˼ΪĬû˵ʼЯֺɱɽҰ޾Ӣ飬һԼΪ
ʱͬ˰˿˶ûôоʱţҹѾɢȥؼӢȻȥ
ֻһƬǽֳ
˳Ʒ֮⣬ɵ˶ٶмǱʱ
Ƕûʲôǰҹ׷ɱͬɥ֮Ȯһ㣬ҹϻɱӢ飬ǿΪѾˡ
˶ܹоΪ˼һµЧ൱
⻹ֻһҹѣ֮ջѹǰҪ뷽跨콾սˡ
ܽ콾սˣܹ콾ս֮˵ĲཫԼαһı
ȻΪгƷһԱݻǲÿǱӢɱһֲȻôջ񣬻Ǿϲѡ
ڳƷǰһԭڵ϶õĳӢҲҹĻɢȥ»Ϊһźɢ˵ǰ
Ʒһץסɢȥľһڽһ˽ȥƬ֮һѾΪҲһء
ӢԱѰû־ӢȼҪߵĶˣҲӴ⡣
ɵ˿ĿɿڴȻ֪ƷԼ˿ҪķһʱϲҲòϣ¼仹б̬ġ
ѹָҺ;ֹа壬Ҳһﰡ˵Ժ֮ðͷ
ҹ˵ֵİĺܣδѯʵպ
ʱǰһ
£޳Ʒֱһ֡
˲֪Ǽ٣ԼͬĽּԤУֱض¡
ֿ֪ĿĵأûУҵһǰĳǳأ֪ΣɵĻ·ҲиӦ
Ʒ룬˵ͷ˵Ǻãһǰĳǳأ
˼ƷѾӦԥ׷׼ݹ⣬Ƭ֮һƬǽĵطѾûӰ
նǳ֮ϣһԼĪſʮҵĳǳأ˳Ʒ˵ǰ
˳ǳ֮󣬳Ʒɵ˷룬ûһ˳һװιӵĿջ齡
ջװιӣҲ֪ʲôĽɵģĿջΪͬ
ջ֮УѾͷܶȻͳͳһ֣εҲ컯ĴڣСλĸ֡
νѵһĳȴһгľ


2089 ŲȺҫ
ΪڶĹϵСλĸ֣ҲҷϵϢ
콾սϵף콾ս֮УЩĸ֣ΪµĴڡ
Щĸ֣ǵ콾ʷĳʱ֮콾һɳܹΪ춯صĴ
ڼ㲻ɳҲݱ衣
ɱ˼Ӣ飿ɱϧֻյһŵʣµһվѾɢˣ
ţΪһɣ
յս֮ϣǿģȻЩ콾ʱ壬ɵطܹõ
֮У۷׷ףǻ϶ҹĻٵʱնɱӢ顣
ǵΪնɱӢЧʻ类ƷϵɵˣһϣҲѣѰܹһѾķһϵʱ䡣
Щ˵ΪҲ
ʮ콾콾սڣѾʱ䣬˴֮ҲֳʤѾһЩ콾ӱˣǲпɱÿ춼˵ݺһʱ콾䣡
ɲǣ콾Ҳͬݽһ㣬Ѱ˸ͬһ
֮ǰƲ⣬콾սʵһƵսֻдпɱ֮ӱ֮ˣпĳ֮·
Ʒͣס˽ŲȻ඼Щ˵Ĳ²⣬Ҳɷϵǣ࣬ǱЩ֮С
Щ˵ҲǶûе
콾սþͺֻ֣겻󣬲սĸǰһ֮󣬾ͻ̱ϳȥ
ɲǣѾв˵ΪѾﵽ۷壬ȴֹסΪԸⳬԽ콾սޣЩ˲µģµĹҲԹϵһΪҲԽǾˣ
ƷһҪϢ콾ս֮ϣƺͣжΪƣһĳһΪĻ¾̻⵽콾սų⡣
ܶŴ콾Ϊ˻ý콾սʸͬʱѡΪһ۵ľ֮С
ս֮ϣ޵еĴڣ
һˣӦ콾ս֧֮ߣ޵еĴڡ
ֻǲ֪ǵΪǵʲôزƷ⣡
ڳƷֺߵ׷˵ϢȻΪ˶Ĺͬľ֮УǺɨ޵С
Ʒ£ЩŴ콾££͡
㹻ʱ䣬ЩŴ콾Ҳһһնɱ㿴
Щ˻ĵĵȴʲô׳֣ĻսҪ֧䣬ǸûʸЩϹԴ
ԴǺǣⶼǺ˵ʵǸмںЩԴĶǿϣʣĶѣ
һֱ˵Ŵ콾£ҿãǵ콾Ҳ˲õĴڣǻǵôǰͽ콾սʱ򣬿νǾһʱ
һ֣óƷ˲侫һǸȻóƷľ͡
Ȼǵã̫ǿˣ콾սʱ򣬾ѾԺʹŴ콾⣬ȻǹŴ콾ֻ˵ЩŴ콾Ҫ˵ҲǲԿŴ콾·磡
Ŵ콾·磿Զֹˣ֮󣬹ǹŴ콾նˣԣŲ񣬵콾ӦʤŴ콾ǿɻǵã
ᵽ˴£ʱ˵Ĺ׷׳ԡ
ôǣǰ䶯һʱ˵ĳЩŴ콾ĲҪ콾ս֮УмŴ콾סֻһս⣡
껹Ҫ֮ڵһЩǰıӻѾһףԴˣμǰ콾ˣ˵˲Ǽ콾Ĳأ
۷׷ף콾ս֮ϣҲ˹ĿӢܡ
ƷζԸ͵ʱأᵽһóƷ˲侫һ֡
˵ŲҿҲмֵ֮⣬֮ΪǿƵӦǹ俤˼˰ɣǱͻҪСĶ࣬ͬǿ֮˵;жԹһ·׷žͽ콾սģ
˵俤ѵô¼仹һ俤һλɲʲôǵ˵ķصҲԹ¼ֻһ俤


2090 һ
⵹ǣһλ俤Ҳһ
˵֮УƷ֪ԭ俤ҲֻһڴĻʳǰĽʱ֮Ҳһ֮л俤
Ǹʱ֮УǸ俤Ҳѹһʱ˵Ǿһʱ콾
˼俤ķŵйأ
֮ʱӦǲл棬Ȼ콾սĿţԭӦòʱ֮ˡ
һˣ
οЩĸ콾˹ͬĳƺţȻһʤֻлʤ߲ʸʹù俤ķš
һ˱Ȼ͵û뿪ƺš
ͨЩ˵ۣƷҲ콾սϵơ
Щ콾ȻӶǸʱ֮е֮ӣҲǵʱǸʱ֮һ֮еǰʮǰʮ
˵ã˵ǽʱľʱ֮͡
Щ֮֮Ҳи֣֪֮ʲôʱʼ齨ˣԲͬɣͬʱͬ廮ֳһˡ
ʣµ֮ӲԼ˵˾Ͷ׷׼Щˡ
һЩģƺƴܹӰ콾ս֮ϵľơ
ԭڵ˾ˣ֮Ϊļˣڹ޹һʱľ콾
ԷֶΣΪףټһЩڵĸ֮еľ콾ɵˣ콾ս֮ϺŵȻ
ǰЩʱƺѾԴһˣΪ֮
֪͵Ұж󣬲ֻҪڵļŴ콾ĺͷΪǵһӦ档
ҪڵԼ
ƷȻܹ׾͵뷨ЩͱǴĹŴ콾ڵȴĻʳʱ䶼ҪԶĶࡣ
Ȼֻе˵˴֮Ȼв࣬ȴҲ൱ƾʲôЩŴ콾ͿЩִ콾֮ϡ
˵ģŲ
˹Ȼ˼Ϊ˲õĻԻȻȴִ˾һŴ֣Ļʳ꣬ܳ˼ΪõڹŴ
Щݺ콾ս֮ϵˣ϶콾սĺĵһ콾սв
ֻٲֵĳԱⲿ֮ߣ
ܿ죬ƷѾö⣬ڰͻƷѾָ˵飬ھ͵ʮǰĳƷѾȥˡ
ƣ
ԳƷʵѺ;Ტۣ˸ղ۷׷׵ݣƷܹһЩ¾ѾǴλĸˡ
һƷ˿֣ʮǰ͵Ϊֻ¶Ѿλ۵ڣ콾ս֮ϴ꣬Ϊһ츲صı仯ҲȻ顣
ԳƷҪȴӶԸ͵֣ԴһΪˣΪµˣҰɴ˿ɼһߡ
ҪԸͣ͵߽þΪ۰ľˡ
ڳƷζԸ˲ܹþ˽ǵʱ
һݵڿջ֮ζԸ˵ĳƷϡ
һͨľۻ᣿Ʒ˿֮ϵ̽ɫ֡
һݾۻɣ죬ʣϲ˷ģּܹͬ콾ܹһĻᡣ
ƷȻţֻһѰѰľۻᣬɣ죬ʣϲˣȻΪߣǺʣǸͷ˵һʱҪЩ콾֧
Σǰ֪ˣƷ˵ģ˳ǳϱ߿ǽһƬ޴ɽ֮С
ɽ֮ڣʯ£Ȼ̫ߣȴһƵĸо
һɽ֮ϣһСׯ԰˳Ʒǰׯ԰ľȴԴż˵ݻĵ䷶
Ʒׯ԰֮󣬺ܿ˳ӭӣȴ˭ء
֮ǰǱȣʱɿ緢˳Ʒʱ¶˼Цݣǽִ֣ݹ٣ԣ
Цݺ㣬һкĸо˽һ崺ĸо
ȻΪŵĺѡ˱ɵˡ
ֿˣƷЦ˵
֣ﲻ˵ĵط
ųƷɽׯ֮ڣʱƷſ˲ϤӰ


2091 ˺Ʒ
ɽׯڣ죬ϲʵһã˵Цڿ˳Ʒʱ򣬶ɵ÷׷¶Цݡ
ЩƷʶʶ֮⣬лвǳƷδģûŹ
Щ϶żΪǿϢԶҪǿࡣ
λҸҽܣһλǽ޳֣·ϣҵЩգнֵĻֲܹû£ɿ˵
˵Ŀת˹ƺЩѹֳƷĴڣкܶ˸üǵȻҲ˵޳
ӦòɵһʱģȻܹ콾սӦҲĳһ콾ŶԣȻôһ㶼ûŹأ
Щ֮вٶһ콾콾һ콾콾
Ҳ׷üΪƷʶ֪κһ콾
ָоǴʯͷһðһ㡣
ʽǰԳƷ
лֵĻ֣ҵȸм
ͬ˵
λ
Ʒ˵
˸ǿüͷһΪʱĳƷԭԤϵǰ㣬мֿ
ǵõϢ֮УƷӦͬһڿıˡ
ȻڿƷȻһģ
֣֪йˣûй˵ĻǷҲһԿǵĶ󣡡
ʱһ°ɫۣ۽粽˳Ʒǰ¶˼΢Ц
֣Ƿڵһϯӣ껣æ˵
Ʒ֪Գ棬ҲΪ£Ʒ
껵ʵȻҪǿĶֻ࣬Ѿλ
ƷǰҡͷӦǺ;ͬ콾ȻʱΪֻ±ʮǰľҲδػõĶȥ
˵Ȼͬˣ껸û취;ᲢֹۣϵеǳƷ֮һ㡣
ˣҲѾǣеĿˡ
ľǷ˶ԳƷ롣
ûв´ĻӦöҵĵϸˣƷһЦˡ
Ҳ̹ȻԣҲʲôԽܵ飬෴ģҲǱ޵ĹΡ
ǲ̽˵ϵ˭ƷѵͲ³ʲô©ô
ȻˣҲʵʵ˵ˣشҶҵЩ˽⣬콾սϢ˶ãܿھͻõϢʱܻйŴ콾ɱңǷѵҲܹܵסôƷ΢΢һЦ˵
ǷڵĵӣʱǱ¶ϵĺûᡣ
ƷЦЦ飬Ҳֻ΢΢һЦ˵赣ģȻҷҲǳ԰׷ģֻҪֿϼǷˣҷ˿Ա֤һȫǷ֮лзţΪѸţ칦Ҳûеģ
ȻйŴ콾ǷѵûпƥеĹŴ콾ôȫԷģֻҪѡǷˣеǰ취ڶʱɱ䣬ԿŴ콾
ʱڳ֮е˶ԾҲνѪˣǿʮ֮һ˵Ȼ
콾ս֮ϣ㲻ܺĵλᲢۣҲѰ˲Ը˵ˡ
Ҫ˶ǼΪϿģû뵽ڶڳƷȴȫȫ࿴
Ҫ˵ĻҿҲΨһѡҺȻԺʵѡ񣡡ʱһԵ̲ס˵ҺȻԺΨһԺڿҲСҺȻԺ
ȻԺ֮ڶȲһڣֻҲˣټϺȻԺڳ֮͢еԶѰ˵
ĳϵͳĹԱа˳ɶǳԺȻԺڳϵڸǿ˵ȻԺȻֻµڶȴҲҺһϸ¡
ʵĻ˵ĹʶһһӾѾӦ˹׷׿ڡ
Ѿ˳ƷߣųƷǾβһҲоβˣȻһϵҲԼĴУи˲͵Ľ룬ڽӦаģ
ЦôԼ壡أϲֱӿ˵˿ӡ
֮ǰȻкƷļʱȴֲһˣ̾ͷֻ˲ͬӪ


2092 ΪɱƷ
һʱ䣬Ʒеģ
Ȼ֮ǰͷβɵ˶ûƷʵﵽʲô̶ȣֻɲ⡣
ٻĥһЩҲλϵĸ֡
λĸ֣棬ǵǸ֮еĴУԿɣĿ
콾繷콾ս֮ϣʵҲƵǸ֡
Щ콾Ȼδ콾սΪ壬ɵĲͬѾֳӪ
ǳƷ㣬ʵǿȴûȷģɲеء
Ҫ֪콾սֻзϵѪܹģδɳضһ
ôһûȷɹˣʵ̫ѵˡ
֪Ʒǽ˵ģȻкܶҪ£Ʒ
ڹȻһȻȻ콾ս֮ϣ콾֮УҲǿƵһ
ҺͳƷɵˣ뿪콾ս֮ҲԼǳƷʵǿţֻҪһ㹻ʱ䣬ܹɳΪһľĸ֡
кβɣֺεôܻ֣֮˵ֲ֮ϣˣֻΪȡõĻᣬкβɣ
˸ãҰĸ֣ƽʱ׿ֻڱпܳӲκһ˵ĸ֣ںײһôܷŹ
أɣأһӰ˳Ʒǰһɫĳۣ죬ɢһֲֿϢ
ܿҲֻ䵭һЦ˵
ҲڵģƷ˵䵭һɵơ
˶һͣƷĶΪǶˣ߲ơ
ǣ
ҡҡͷ
ǹƨ£ƷֻĮ˵
ҳһλǰо֮Ⱳõľ˶ڲڲͰĪǣֻ˵ۣ㾹ȻɱڵˣǰѴ̣ҲҪɱ㣬ҪȻҹ޴ܣ
˵ô࣬û²ؼģڳͷҲÿûˣ
ƷƲһӣֻ䵭Ŀ˵
һ£
أɽׯ⣬һƵһѪ˸ɽׯ֮ڣһȴһһѪ£˽
Ѫ޺ۣʲôһѪµӣӲɵÿ˵ҵôҲɣ
Ѫ޺ֻ䵭һЦ˵˼а˵ͷҪˣҪͷҪɱˣɱˣ
ֻЦһ漴˵ЦѪ޺Ź飬Ѫ¥ɱ֯ĳһľ콾ɱʱһ׷ɱ伣ΪѾˣû뵽Ӳ񣬲ȻѾӲˣΪʲôúϧҪǰ
̫ЦˣӲѪ޺һЦ˵˼аΪ֪ҵĵϸôĵϸһһаڵĳһ콾аǿʢһʱŭ˴ĻʳаڲһЩд⹶Ӳˣƾ㣬ҲǰȮͣѪ¥Щда˲Ǿ֮Ͷѣ
˴˵ĶԻ֮У֪˸ǷֱѪ¥аڵĳһ콾Ϊǿơ
Ѫ¥һֱڣ¼Ķɱ֮֯һңԶǰʹ
ûб˽֮֯ожٸ֣֪䴥Ǳ鲼£û֪жٳĸֿܶеĳԱ
ǴĻʳѪ¥Ҳһʮֵļɵ
һаҲǿʢһʱңԶǰǺųаħһţԺʮ࿹Ȼ
Ϊ޼ɵǵԹڣôĻʳֽ
񲻹ʣһЩں⹶ӲˣȴһЩ콾ΪԷصĵط˲д
˼а֮һ
ĹŴ콾֮ҲǷǳģһԷ֮ڵţ嶼Ѿ˺ܶˡ
ûʲôܹبų棬ʱϴˢһУ
Ѫ޺ô˼а¶˼ַŭ飬˵Ҳ֪Ѫ¥ǿʲôزɱ練ƣһɱ־ȻҳҵǰҲδ̫ˣ


2093 С¶һ
˵ʱʱ죬˼а˲֣һֺֻһֱĵѪ޺۵ϣ˲ͶѪ޺۵塣
˵־Ͷ֣
ڳ˲ɵõһǴʱ˼ааڵаڿаһţȻħΪУаҲʲôˡ
˵Ща֮еĸ֣ûһǺˣаھΪ̫޼ɵŪŭԹűƵĴĻʳԳֽ
ĻǴĻʳȻﶼҪɵ֣ΪȻܹ𣬵а߱ʵҲôĻʳҧһڴ
ǵ˱Ʋѵʱ򣬼ǴĻʳҲ׶Ȼ֡
ƫƫʱаھŪŭԹڴĻʳ֮аħ֮жкܶź޲аȥ
Ͼа̫ǿƣѹЩаħ֮
ֵ롣
˼аǴа֮г콾·ȻǺ͵аڿ˵һС
˼˲佫Ĺ˽ֲǡ
˼а¶ЦݣǰѪ޺۵˲ͻһѪˮ䵽˵ϡ
ͲǱ𣬶һѪ¥֮еһطȻûбʵǹԻЧȴģ˼а˶ûпѪ޺۾ȻǷ
˼аҿ
أʱѪ޺۵ٶȳ֣֮гһѶ̽̽˺ѿ˿ռ䣬ɲǼѾ˼аնȥ
˼аʶԼɱֻһ֮󣬼ҲϾͷӦ˹ˣһն׾ٵĽķ飬Ǹѿֽһ׾١
ǧһ֮ʣ˼а㿪һֻ϶һĨѪۣѪ޺۵Ľεһ㡣
һ˵ʵ򲻹ֻһ˲˲䣬˶ûзӦʱ˾Ѿһ֡
Ȼ˫˼طԼǳ֣ҲнƵģûбǿʵ
Ļȫ֣ɾͲ⾰ˡ
˶ݺݵĿ˶Է漴ǾʶˣһǵĿǳƷǧóƷˡ
ʱȷӦ˹վ˳˵λĿˣɲɱܹɱõģ
ɱˣ㱣סѪ޺ֻЦһ䣬Ͳ֪ʲôʱѾ˺ǰǳСλľ磬֪ߵغ񣡡
ɲǼ䣬һֲѪâڰ֮˸ȻֻѰѪâȻȴһֻصĿֲϢǽϢƵ˼µı־й¶һ㡣
ɱ֮˵ⲻֻǱܵĳ̶ȶѡ
һú˲ɫ䣬Ҫߵʱȴָûа취
ΪȻѾСλľ磬ȻǿѪ޺˵һĲࡣ
Ѫ޺Ѿλľ磬һ󾳽Ĳ࣬ѹһС
Ʒ֮սҲò˶٣ֻǳƷɱȺǿ֪ٱþͳ˴
ҿ֪ߵغ㣡
ڴʱһڰ֮Уγһֻ֣͵һץסһѪâһѪâץ˷顣
ʲôˣѪ޺һûнʱüͷ΢ûնɱ˼аҲˣ˼аΪһ޶ǳλľ硣
Ȼֻǳλľ磬Ȼ콾սⲿѾǾ۵ΪǿĸѾ콾սвͺĵ
˲Ż޼ɵǵ˵棬ɱˣҲû˿Ĺ˼ɡ
ЩΨһܹ࿴Ҳֻзڵһ콾һ˰ˡ
ǷڵĹŴ콾Ϊ˶Լ˺Ƥ
ǲŻ޼ɵ
ֻҪǲȥɱ˵ˣҲ׳֣
ֻתͷһ˳һֻֿȥȴǿһ䵭ЦݵĳƷ
Ҳ˵ղǧһ֮ʵסһ˲ǱˣǳƷ
ʱЩδ漴˫֮յ飬磬ʲôʱӹ
ɱɱ޹˼ɣ
ֱǽһ㿴
棬ǿɵһͷҲС
ȴѪ޺۵С
ʱ֮ǰеǰĻ콾ս֮Ϻȫȫ¡
˶ǱǻȻ콾ս֮Уͺһݽ졣


2094 һƺѪ޺
Ϊ콾ս֮У콾츳ѪӾ˵Ķкܶࡣ
Ϊ콾սϴĹŴ콾ѹһʱľ콾
һʱһĸֶĴڡ
ԷĿֻһΪĳ·Ϊ񣬳ӡ
뷨ˣǺεȵĽԸûˢôӵ롣
Ϊ츳Ѫ߱վŵľβһ
ΪЩ콾һˣһ츳һʱΪ֮ޡ
ڵѪ޺۱ˣ˵ɱҪɱ
κһԥ
֮ǰֻǶ콾սĲпһǳ˽⣬ڣ˸Ե˽⡣
ҪûгƷֻѾ
л־֮
æһҾ
漴Ѫ޺۵֮б˾˵ĺâȻڵΪȷʵǻѪ޺ۺ˼аˣǲѪ޺ۡ
ǱΪβһ겻ţѪ޺۲ǱһЩѣٸһЩ꣬ȫԺѪ޺۱ȼ磬ȫȫĳԽѪ޺ۡ
Ѫ޺۾ȻҪĨɱǽˡ
Ѫ޺ۣˣҾβһԲŹѪ¥ģҧ˵
ΣѪ޺Цһܹȥ˵ʲôɣ
Լǵһν콾սɣһٹܣϻ˵Ѫ޺һĨЦȻĻ
ͬʱ֮ҲһĨ˵ɱ⣬ȻѾˣǾ͸ɴһĨɱˣʡպΪԼ鷳
鲼Σظϵ
漴Ѫ޺۾ͽĿ⿴˳ƷϾǰĵһĿꡣ
ƾ㣬ԼѱˣȻҹܱ˼ҵ飬ǸЦѪ޺Цһ˵
ʱվ˳˵Ҳܽվ˭Ҫɱ޳ҵɱˣҲδ̫ҷˣĪǣΪǺ۸Ĳɣ
껣㲻Ҫ£ºǷûйϵ£һߣ˼а㿪˵ƼҺѪ޺ֲ֣˺ã䵽ʱ棬ھÿ
䣬Ȼ˼аôвʮֵŭ˼аĻҲȷʵãԸκһˣϲȻ֣Ҫɵ֡
ΪһƷûбҪðΣջ˵
޳ڼǷˣҿԷ˵屣㣡
껴ʱ˵ǲ÷ƷôһҰĴ֡
ʱ֣࿹⣡
˶ĿɨƷ֮ʣƷڿ˵鷳ֳֻ֣߹ѣҲǰȽ˵
ãããҵǰ˵߹
˼а˫֮˸ź˵ľâϿʼһɹɵаЩаȻһɹɵаʮֵĹ졣
˵ˣɱֻңѪ޺˵
Ʒ΢΢һЦ˾Ȼ޸֮Сһôƾʰ
ΣҪԴȡͽ𣬶ҲãֻҪͿˣ˼аھһ˵ûʲôɱƷҪҪˡ
ãȻˣôһϰɣ
Ѫ޺룬ǵ˵ͷ
Ļո£ȴǰ֪ʲôʱѾһӰȴǳƷ˭ء
ÿ죬ҾȻûӦ
Ѫ޺۶ʱֻо󺧣һɿֲĸоȻͷһð˳
һֻ͵һӳǰȻǳƷ̯֣Ȼ͵һӳ
أ
һ޴ޱȵĺ˾ֻƷһѪ޺ۣԾԿֱֲӽѪ޺һƺݺĵ˵ϣѪ޺۵Դݺݵײ˵֮ϡ
¡
ɽ嶼΢Ļζ˲ɵþöп顣
һɽѾָ󷨺ͽ绤סһܹɽĵķ顣
Ѫ޺ҲһĵѪԴˣΪ̵ͷǾȻѷ죬һƵжôĿ£ɴ˿ɼһ㡣
ȻƷһЦץѪ޺۵䣬Ŀʵڸô˭ѱ˭ˣ˭
ʱѪ޺ѾԽ챻ˣѪҪȴ·һɿֲѹסˣûа취

Ʒһֵ͹ᴩѪ޺۵ؿڣ
Ѫ޺ۣ


2095 ɷ
ƷһֵѪ޺֮ʩʩȻĽѪ޺۵ʬϵıû˿ı仯һֱŵЦݡ
ǿ˵ʲôÿ˶ΪԼÿ˶ΪԼرǸȻʵϣƷЦ˵
е˴ʱƷ㣬Ʒ̸жôľ춯أһƾͺѪ޺ۣ֤ⷴ˳ƷĿ¡
ΪʵȫȫĳѪ޺ۣѪ޺ô򵥵һƶֵסֱĳˣȻ󱻳Ʒ׾ٵȡ
ɵҲͰˣѾʶƷǿ󣬳ƷնɱѪ޺۲ٴ֤һγƷǿˡ
ȴͬͷһμƷ֣һֱǾ춯ص
ޱȼֵѪ޺ۣȻƷһƶֵסöôǿܹ
ƫƫԭΪƷ಻Ǻ޼ˣΪЦ顣
ΪʲôҴδŹҲӦð
껵Ժ֮˲ðͷзڵǿ˵ֹģӦöء
ǳƷǵľ콾ǽʱĳһ콾
ʱǴĻʳǰ飬ʱҲûôǿ󣬸ʮ֮һ
ΨǸʱ֮гֵľ콾п÷ڵϿ֮жûмء
Ļô֮ǰежҲͶдˡ
ƷͲǵ콾ǹŴ콾
µǳƷʵǳֲѾ˴λĸּ֣ĸϵĲֵס
ȻƫƫսȴǿĿ£
˲䣬껵֮оͽƷȻŵ콾սⲿ֮Ϊֲĸֵ֮С
𾪵˺ܶ࣬ΨһһëȻ֮ȴǱˣ˼а
ԭҪѪ޺֣Ȼδü֣Ѫ޺Ѿ֮ǰ˭ûзĳƷС
֮ǰỹһ־磬һЦ־硣
ѹֳƷû˿ĺ£ֻǸʱ򣬳ƷڳЦǵĲ
Ѫ޺ۺ޻֮˳ƷǱܵĸо󱳷ë
һ˵ʵ򲻹Ƕ̶̼֮䣬Ѫ޺ʣµ˼аֻһͷǱǣӣ
˼аȫаһ˲ͳɽׯΧߡ
ȻʱﻹüƷٶԶԶҪĶ࣬һ˲Ѿ׷ǰȻ
ͬһ޴ޱȵĴһ˵ٶȿ
أ
˼аͬһƳ˳ȥݺײɽׯĵ֮ϣɽׯĵ˲зԲϰ׻Ϊ촷ۡ
˼аͷǶıѣһѾˣҲλĸֻ֣ҪԻûı飬ͻš
һƲԴ嶼űѿʼðѪ
˴ΪԾﶼ𾪣ɵޱ𺳡
һһƵĹҲ̫ײ˰ɡ
Ƕڳ콾˵˼аѪ޺ۣλĴ֣ھȻһ;ͳˡ
Ʒʵֱɹ赭дͽ˳˵ģʵ̫ˡ
ʱȫȫųƷڵĸֳָ޹˼ˡ
һӣ̫޼ɵˣ
콾ͷð뷨ԼҲһǲ֪ΪʲôоȻмʹĸомɷǡ
ƽʱҲûдʱȻǶʵԶǵͨˣƷӣ콾ͨĴײһԸͶԸƾͳơ
мǲƥеǿߣĳɾ͸С
ǶٻǸоЩĸоΪ콾ݣڳƷǰƺûκôֱӾһӽˡ
ʲôѪʲô츳ͨʲô޵칦ûʵսĻᣬֱ궿ˡ
Ҳ̫˵㣡
ʱһ˼аûǲǱҪǸûа취Ʒץ
ڳͷҲÿԼûʵƾèʵ˭ţܹЩ˱𣿡ƷЦһ
ǰ˼аˣȻаѾ˺ܾˣҲû䵽ᱻ۸ķݰ
ߵĶΪѵһĸǴ콾ûǳƷĽΪèʵ
ֱ̫ˣ
ȻҲûãΪƷץһ绯һڳǹᴩ˵֮ϡ


2096 Ϊ£Ʒƴˣ
˼аҲһڳƷǰŲ˶ã
Ȼɸо׹ߣëȻ֮ǰѪ޺۵ӣҲ׽ܡ
˼аѪ޺֮սȻȻȴҲͬĴڣƷ׾ٵѪ޺ۣôҪ׾ٵ˼аҲʲô¡
֮ǰõ鱨ΪֻСλ۷ֻǳλӦòرǿǣȻ̫ˣ
֮ǰҪвǵˣ̫ˣûüڣù̽޳ĳɫΣ
콾սⲿҪķˣһĸֵļ룬˵ҪϴҲûпܣ
۷׷ף˶ʶˣųƷչֳʵ콾սⲿ֮УһгƷһϯ֮ء
Ȼôһڵ˻˼аڵаˣѪ¥϶ô׵ưոݡ
ʱ˫ܻиӾ˵ײ콾սⲿϴơ
Ǻù֮ǰͻˣ
ʱǰ˵ΪۻķˣΪ£Ʒʮþȵ顣
ñڵ׷ɱΪ£Ʒˡ
Ȼŷ֣֮ǰ뷨̫ˣô¡
뵽˾ͣͬһˣΪŬµʱ򣬾Ѿȥˣڷͥ
ʱ콾ĴܸлǺǿңȻЩ˵ĸоǿҵģȫȫ˦
ֻҪСģΪΣǱ֮˶ưոݣ˵֮ǰֻ˵Ļô㻹ҪСа˺Ѫ¥ı껿˵ȻĶʵǳǿ˼аѪ޺ǰǲһȻ㲻ΪǸ˵ȫʵ˰ɣʵϣǲа˺Ѫ¥Χĸ˰ˣ
ڸ˱ɱǿ϶иĸִвӺĵǰɱ㣡
껼˵֮£ܹס˲࣬Ƿ˾гģ
ŷ껴һʼûзƷȻҲǿ˳ƷϵǱԶԶĿǰչֳĳ̶ȡ
ƷչֵʵԽǾˣҲʹǱԽδǰ;
ҿҪǵķˣҲͬΪṩ˾иڳڣֻҪһ£ܿͻиִвأʱѪ¥˰аΣ
һߣԭһֱû˵ͻȻ˵
ֻҪԸ⣬Ը֮λϯԴֻҪͬ⣬ȥ֮󣬾ͿԳΪһ
ĻɵõһνˣҪ֪֮ϵĴȻˣʹĻʳֻһ֮Ҳһֻܹһʼǿ߲ʸΪʡ
ʷҲֻһʣǿݵĻʳ
֮µıʮ֮˧ȵȡ
˵Ѿĸ߲㣬£Ʒⲻν㡣
ܿ˾Ϊʲôˣ
Ǽ뵽һȥˣȻûŹƷƷȻǴʯͷĳģǾֻһֿԣǹŴ콾
ЩŴ콾ڵţȺʱƶıȱȽǣЩŴ콾콾ս֮ԼˣȻ콾սǹ¼ҹһ
Щ콾ؽԼڵţȺȻҲкܶ콾ѡͶִ
ڵ֮Уǰе֮ȣڶѷɫࡣ
쿼ǵȻѾֻ콾սϵ飬ǿǵ콾ս֮飬Ͼ콾սŵʱޡ
˶òΪԶ㡣
ô˵ĻҲԸϯԴԽֵʵʱΪһ·ȫûʲôģæ˵
࣬ʮ֮ҲдСС԰ʮһ·Ϊǿͳ塣
Ȼ壬ؼе飬Կɳ֮ΪҲؼ飬壬Ҳûæ˵
廹ǷɣּҪ룬ҲǴĻʳѡٲҲͶ壬߹
һԵʻ̲ס˵
һʱ䣬˲гһ˶ԳƷչ˼ҵᣬ֪Ʒոյ˼ˣҲϧ


2097 ͳͳܾ
ڳƷѾڵȻ˺£ȻвҪ£Ʒ
ڳƷѾչֳ˾츳£˶ԸðŵȻ£Ʒ
һʱ䣬ԭѹƵìһ˲ȫ˳
˶Ŀת˳ƷΪƷκһӵӴ
Ѱ콾ܹκһ£˵ԾţӴ˳ס
ôԸƷҲɴ˿ɼղųƷǴ𶯡
Ʒֻǵ˵лλ룡
ʱҲûмκ˵Ĵ㣡
ƷĻʱ᳡һƬһļž϶ɵ¶˼ִ㵵飬˵֮ǰƷѡ񲻼Щˣǻܹ⡣
ȻڣƷѾ׵ˣˣѪ¥а˵Ⱥպˡ
Щ֮жмΪֲĸ֣Щ֣ƷֻԻһε콾ս
治ͬ콾ս֮ϣƴľǸԵʵ
֮ԻΪΪ콾ս֮з̫СˣƵЩ콾ò໥ԼҪĶ
ƷѡκˣЩǿˣһ
˿ƷĿ֮ѾζȻ·ڿһһ㡣
ǵУƷԼѾǺһҲûʲôֱ˰ɡ
֣ȻǶҪף콾սϣɲͬ磬֮ڣûκ֮أɲɵǰ˵Ѫ¥ˣǾˣаˣǵʵǳǿ󣬽ֳν콾սֻ»֪Щ֮Удλ콾򣬽ֹȻʵǿ󣬵ǵǹƥҪЩǴ֣վЩδɣ
ѡǺȻԺҲûʲôµģʱٶվ˵
˵ˣλĺ⣬ˣʱȷʵûм˵Ĵ㣡
Ʒ˵Ȼ֪˵ĺô˵Ļ֮û֮ء
¼˶ŷǵмѵĲԣԼһĸ֣ôͻ뾡һзɱԷĴڡ
˵ЩʵǿˣЩ˵ʵҪԸƷԳƷʵӵо޴Σա
վǲ֪ƷͷӵеĵƣƷ֮ǰ֪Щ콾
ֵΧ׷½أƷҲûսʤ֮
նлλһ£뿪ˣƷ漴ֵȻת̤Ŷݹ뿪
ڳҲûƷǿƷǸϽ뿪ⱻܸϵļ˵ĸΧ
ǣڸո˾춯֮֮󣬵һӦ϶Ҳ뿪ֳĻܻܿڴˡ
ɲʲôǵĴڣЩܹ֮дͷΪպĴڣȻǵ֮
ԳƷʵ˵ǿȻ⼸Χ׷½أֻ»̫ˡ
ϧˣò˶þͻᴫϢˣ֮ڿ˵
ľÿϧû£ƷȻ˻˺;˵
ЩںڵìԽԽԴӳƷ֮˫ޣ˵ط֡
ȻеìܣҲӽ콾ս֮УҶѾڵˣôٵһΡ
гƷľֵļ룬ʣܹǿ˵ʵ
ʱƣƷʵԽԽǿʱ򣬷õĺôҲԽԽࡣ
˫˵һ˫Ӯľ档
ϧƷûҪ˵˼ûмκһ˵˼ƺһ˶ˡ
ɢĶˣȻɢվֻɢޣɢܹ֮ɲţΪµĸֵʵ̫ˣ˵Ƿëǡ
ЩһȻ˸ûпɸԣЩȻһſԴԴϵ콾ȫȫ
޳̫࣬Ҳ̫С콾ս֮еĸ֡
ǿǹǿʮ콾һʱ֮ؾۣײѰĻ𻨡
˶ԣô콾֮УȻ˷ʣΪ̫ʱԶʱʵĴڡ
ܹ콾֮ӱģС
ڳ콾սϣһ˵̫Сˣǲ֪ףʵǿĹֵĽ޳Ҳһ޶


2098 ȫ
˵ʱƷѾ˲֪ôһʣ΢΢ȻΪԼԼĸо޳ϤϤĸоȻ
ȻּǲʲôϤС
˵ĻģΪƷȻһ֪ߵغ֮
Ͼܹزĸ֣һʲôİ׳գ;ˡ
ԼĴҲһΣֻҪܹڴһ鷳ģǺ£һ콾ֵõģᶨ˵
ںڵԽԽң˫ԶԷ콾ҲǸֶƵ
ܹ콾ս֮еľ֣κһ˵ѰĿֲʡ
һɳΪϾصĸ֡
ЩҲ콾ÿһѹͬĴڣһ˵˽ǡ
һһʱ
Ȼ£ƷôóƷԸˣԸ˵õѡ
Ҳ¶˼飬ȻҲ뵽һȥˡ
ϣܹס˵ĽŲɣţµһţȻˣ콾սҪҵǳʲôˣԿŴ콾ˣ˷߷߲ƽ˵
ֻҲˣǾȻҪȨҵͳͳǵҪϿĹ򣬲ͳͳҪ
˵ֶԽԽϿˣǾȻǵǵĸˣֱ̫
˵ˣ˶ɵ¶˼顣
ЩٶŸָĳͻ˵ЩΪ˶Կ˵ѹ
ȻĻҲڻ֮޾˵ѹ˺
ֻϧƷܾˣȻҲףƷҪԸˣԱܿϾƷնɱôڵĸ֣Բл¡
Ļ֮Ȼֻһܹʣµһֻеµˡ
ȻǵУᵹµǸȻǳƷֻڴ֮ǰƷܹΪסڵĽŲһЩ鷳Ǻõġ
ΣܹһЩǰһЩô׵Ľ޳
˵ʱ˵Ĺ
ͷһ֦Ʒ֪뿪֮Щ콾ȻЩŭȴҪһ£Щ콾֣ҲΪ˱³ƷֻҪóƷһʱ䣬ס˵ĽŲˡ
ƷҲںǵƣԸˣоˣѪ¥а˵ȻҲ޾塣
ۣԸ˺;˱Ŀġ
뿪ڵɽׯ֮ɽׯһһ˵ٶȴ˳ȥ
ǰŵĹѾȫǡ
ʲôа˵˼аնɱ
Ѫ¥ĸѪ޺۱ɱ
Ϣʱ򣬵һӦѹţð˵Ϣ
Ҫ֪˿ɲʲô֮콾սⲿ콾ǵʵԱȽ϶Сλľ硣
콾սΧݺǴ´࣬ȻҪ콾սвͺģȴԶġ
Ȼ콾սⲿȻ˴ߵԴĴڣ˸˶аŸ콾սΧΪģ콾սΧ֮еĸԴ͸콾սвͺĵľ콾
˼аѪ޺۾а˺Ѫ¥콾սⲿĸˣ˫ֶʲô˵аħ
콾սΧ֮УҲޱߵĿֲ콾ս֮УҲһֱ˴˵ңԶǰ
㲻˱а˺Ѫ¥ֻ˵ʵ˵콾սΧǾ֡
ӵжԿǻɱʵĸ֣һѾ콾սвͺĵ
콾սⲿĸ֣ܹƥеĲǷëǣҲǸĸ֡
ȻҲֻǿ⣬Ҫ뽫ɱҲǧѡ
ƫƫƷһ㣬֪еľֱͬκˡ
һʱ䣬޳Ѿ˲෹Ļ⣬ΪĽ㡣
˶ҪҪ⼸ºıΪ⼸ˣһɵ֮Ǵֻ̣³ƷûǸʵ
۷׷֮ʣ۵Ľ㣬ƷȻ˳ڡ
ˣפأ
Ʒҡڵפǰ


2099 ƽ̩̹
ڳƷǰһɲǼ䣬һϵɨ˳
˲ɨ˳Ʒϣ
ףפ洫һɻƺЩ֣ԼڳƷʧЧһЩĶ̽鲻
۾ܸоǰվһˣ·˺ƺΪһˡ
Ƭ֮һͨɫ˻˳
ͨɫ˿ʮֵ죬ƺѪ˸ŲĹâ
ʲôˣҪôǸ˿˵
ƣ̸ϣ˵Ѽ˲ٵĺöȡƷ΢΢һЦ
껵˲²Ʒ뿪ȥܻȥˣ˭뵽Ʒδ뿪ֱӴ˵פء
ȡǿЦ
´һ۳ƷȻ˵һСλļһĪԼΪѾ˲ɣ
ٲȻûнƷȻǽƷĳʱѹ֪ߵغ콾ˡ
Ͼǵ콾ûɲ֪ڵǵһţӴĻʳʮ֮һ
ģ
ȫ˷ģԼҲڴĻʳǰĽʱĳһ콾ˣЩ콾һ۸ڶȻὫĻʳ
ĳͻֹһΣһʮ콾˶ǹڵʱչ콾һҲǽ䣬֪±á
ֲ֪ߵغ콾ֱʰˣŲ񣬹Ŵ콾Ҳþĵȥ
ڽ㻹ԻҲɱ㣡
Ʒǰˣ˵
ǸȴƷĻŭˣǳɱңʲôұԴҪ˵ļһ˲ǵģ
һ˲䣬Ǹ˱ֱӳˣϾȻһӲӵĹâɲǼ䣬һɫĽһ㣬һȭɨգֱӺ˳Ʒ
Сλ۷壡
һȭɲǼ䣬Ľ綼Ӧ׷׸գӡסֲһȭ
ƽ̩̹Ѫȷʵ˲ãϧ̫ϡһ㣬ֻĳ̶ȻԶԶ
Ʒһ˵ţһʩʩȻһģһ޴ĺֲһȭͱƷ־͸赲
ƷѾϳϵѪ̫һǿ̩̹˵Ѫһ̩̹֮кųǿĻƽ̩̹Ѫ
ճƷԺ֮еʼе̫һЩݣ̩̹֮иֱǿ߿Կʣǿߺųʮƽ̩̹
һ֮ʮԿߵǿߣһǿɴ˿ɼһ㡣
ֻһЩϡѪĻԶֹˡ
ѪڵڵϹҲǺܳԼҲ콾ս־ۼ˸ʱľ콾ĵطܹ㿴һѪ¹պˡ
ţ
Ǹ˼ԼһȻ赲סʱҲЩȻƽ̩̹Ѫ޵Уѷ֣˵ƷΪԶˡ
ȻʲôӦȴƷ֪ʲôʱѾ嵽ǰ
ž
һ޴ĶӺݺݵĳ鵽˵ǰ˳ҪʹȥѪɶˡ
㿴ղҸģȻɱңҾɱ㣡
Ʒҡҡͷѵÿƽ̩̹ѪһڿҲǲˣ
˵ʱʱ죬Ʒ֪ʲôʱ򣬾ȻѾ־һȭ˺ݺɳȥ
أ
ײפصĴ֮ϣֱӽײҡҡ׹
ͨĽⶼ¶˱ģѪڳƷһȭǰҲƨǡ
ͷĿѣķȫǶ֡
׻һſƷһһ˹
Ҫɱң㲻к³ģ˲Źģ
ȫڲ·ڿһһ
ڵˣڸһ֮еһǴ콾
ҫһʱͬ콾̧ͷѡԷ⵽ʱΪʮ콾ҫ콾ս֮ϣҲеٮٮߣ˭֪Ȼ˳Ʒôһ̬
оѪ㱻ı
ֱǸ
νҲڵ鷳
ƷЦЦֱһֵһ֮棬˲ͽ˶
˸޵ֿ֮Ƭ֮Ͳʬ׶Ʒ߽ɽͼĿռ֮С


2100 ĵر
һ˵ʵ򲻹Ƭ֮䣬ӵзƽ̩̹Ѫ˾˳ƷС
ǵ򣬸޻֮
ƷľȻͣȻսеλĸֶĶ֡
ʱ֮УѾۼٵǿƵղһսЩ˶ĩβһЩ
ǸӦսǸսѵʱ䲻ȻƷѾս
Ƕֻ˳ƷʰǸӵлƽ̩̹Ѫˣǲһֻһס
Ǹ˵Ѫ㱻ıɢȫ𲻵Ӧеơ
˻˭Ȼţ˶
ǷӾǸ֣ҿǰһ֣ʵ̫ǿˣǿǲܺ㰡ųлƽ̩̹Ѫɳ£ܹʿĿֲѪȻ򣡡
ֻһ㣬ܺȻȫȫŰȻϵĻƽ̩̹ѪȻҲǷʣֻҪɳδ϶һǿߣǰˣ
۷׷ףҽĿ䵽Ʒϣ³ƷһƢãͽĿ˸ɵ
콾ս콾繷ߵĵطʵ̫ˡ
Ǳ֮Ϊ콾Ǳ֮Ϊʵ϶ˣһЩֵĹ̫ˡ
ϲɱⶼǹ񱣬ֻİá
֪е𺳺ͿֲǱصʱһɪɪĸоÿ콾սŵʱ򣬾ͻǸоʲôо
Ǳֳٵ츳Щ콾ǰᱻ
һ콾ﴳһֵ
ܺ콾սⲿҲԺգȻλ磬ȻΪСλ۷弶ĸ֣վǿƵˡ
ͷڳпǲСģȻо͸ɵˡ
ƷչֵʵҲ̫˵ɡ
ƷûЩ͵ˣݶǼٵġ
ס
ʱ򣬴פ֮ܳһȺֱ֣ס˳Ʒ
ЩǱص֣Ҳģĸ֣д붼ߡ
ЩҲСλ˵ĸ˱ǲפء
Щ˵ʱʱ죬û˿ԥ׷ֱӳַ֣ͨĺ׷׳ųƷϯ˹
Сλ۷弶ĸֲֿ֣ĹҲûа취ֻѡߡ
ЩˣƷǿɲΪСλ۷ĸ֡
ֱһȭһȭʱһɺˣֲȭ˺һУȻһɲǼͺЩ˵֡
Ƭ̼䣬ͨͨǵڰ֮ը鿪ѪȻ󱻳Ʒߣ֮С
һ
࿴һĻĳиֱּҪƷײд򷨸ˣǲûм֣Ǵδײеĸ֡
˵ģ
һĿɿڴ˵û뵽֮ǰƷ˵ǸܵĿܲԭ
Ʒ˵ĸֵģ˵ġ
ʱ˵פڣЩ֮⣬д¡
ʱѾƷﻹʱ׷ɢߡ
ɢ
ƷҲûȥֻǴ߽פ֮УȻפ֮еıһȭ͸顣
Ϊʱ˵פ֮УѾûиפأûܹƷĶ
ЩеĸַųƷһȭ˱ĴţƮһҩ㡣
Щҩ㼸Ҫʵʻĸֳˡ
ƽＫΪҩĶǵǰ
Щҩ֮⣬ĵرҲͬǵǰСλĴ֣Ҳʮֵ۲ġ
֮⣬Ʒʯ
Ƿˣû뵽˵פ֮оȻôĺöȻ޺Ʋҹݲʣ
ֿ۾ɳˣѼûôңЩͳͳҪ䵽Ʒˡ
ۻԶĸ죬Ҳ֪ƷֻгƷܹܹƵġ
Ȳ˵ûʵܹפصĸ֣УҲûӵ˵ĸ֡
Ͼ˵ĸֿɲֻפЩǿ콾콾սĺѰ˸ѵһ
ⲻüΪĽ۹⿴żҪƵĳƷ


2101 Ͼפأһϴ
ͱ˲ͬƷЩƸҲֻƲƲ죬ԤϵҪٵĶˣҲǣפزΪ˸콾սвͺ콾ṩԴڡ
ÿһʱ䣬ƸͻᱻһΣôѾǺܲˡ
ǳƷĿ棬Ƭ֮ѾЩƸɨ˳
еĺܶҩĺĵرĵȵȣ漸Ǹġ
ֻ콾ս֮Упġ
ҲͨһЩ콾콾սĸԭˡ
ûкôƾ·ôһĴЩ콾׷Ϊ֮ǰ
ܹ콾ս콾Ƿëǵļˣ󲿷ֵ콾ûʵ˵ʱûʵ
콾սΧܹĺöġ
Ʒʯ֮⣬ҩĺĵرֵҲϰƷʯ
һٵƷʯ

ƷƲƲ죬˵
ûһص۾Сλĸ֣ôĲƸҲһӿܹܶӵеĲƸ
СλĸѾˮֱڳƷ˵Ȼ
жô̰
Ƕ֪ڳƷ˵ЩƸȻȷʵ٣Ȼ˵ȴǸԶԶġ
Ҫڶʱ׷Ͼͣӵк;һսԽͼʵΨһ취ǿԺ֮е
ȻÿתҪĵƷʯʮ־˵ģƷʯ治ôڵġ
ӦһͻƵСλˡ
ŸոͻƵСλûжãѾˡ
֤ٶжôľˣЩҪֲƸģʯܹӵеЧ
ã˵ҲפҲУ
ƷЦЦǴ֮зѳģȻڷѵʱ򼸺սĬ˾˷ѳ֮˫ûиĳͻ෴Ļѡפͬһ֮УԱ໥չˣͿԼã֮俴ѾѣȻʵϻź˿ġ
ƷûιȥƷߴٵĲƸȻĿⶢ˾˵ϡ
òǺеĳгɣ˲ɵÿ˵˶֪˺֮жԿҲкϵ
ƷȴҪžȥһòǺ֮еĳгɡ
ʱƷŸո콾սûжã˻ûиƷʲôͷȻҲڲ²֮С
ڳƷǰפصİ·ϵʱ򣬳еĸڵõ껵֮ϴϢ
ڳƷҲ䵽ǵС
ʱǲ֪⽣޳ͷ·Ǵʯͷĳһʼֵʱ򣬱ݳ֮ϣ־˳ţնɱڵ콾ԪڵĶλĸ֡
һսֻ֮ʱ仹̣ûд콾ս֮
˿Ѳ²⣬ƷǺ֮еĳг𣬶Ǻ֮еľг
Ȼˣ˷ֵȻʵȴڵĵӣԳƷһʰˡ
λս˿Ÿոõ֮ϵϣɵõһ
ѹ֮ǰӵлƽ̩̹ѪĲܺȫȫǶˣܺ㲻Сλ۷壬Ȼ˵һС֣ȻѾȷӵλսĳƷȴԶԶġ
¾˿鷳ˣ
ֻڳУͲ˳۵Ĵڡ
ҿǵһ˵ĸȥѹĵرȥˣפ֮ڣȻ֮һλȴڵģ
˲һĿפ콾սΧ֮Уһˡ
ǿƷܹ˵֣ȫڣû뵽˵Ҷ֣Ҳ֮ı
ڵµ˾㲻ҲҪɵ֡
λĸִսһ˼ˣ
˰ڴһεײλĸԳ֣콾սⲿɲ
˵֮гƷѾ˾ڳеפء
ڳеһɽ֮ϣɽͬһڱֱ񷣬˫
ƷûӿŲȵʱ򣬾ѾǵõϢٴС
һʱ䣬ʮӰٰ֮ϣ󷨣赲˳Ʒǰ
˵פĲ࣬ʮӰҲǱ֮еٮٮߡ
ֻǴʱǵޱȵΪǰʮѰļһµĹ


2102 Ҳ̫ǿ˰ɣ
ЩֵʵҪϢȻǼġ
ڳƷڰ·ϵʱ򣬹˾˵飬Ѿ˵¡
ͬʱµĻгƷĸ֮ĶԹ
˳ƷĻԻս֮Щֶޱ𾪣ȻЩ콾ս֮УȻǲ֪ڡ
෴ģ콾սĿţҲ콾УЩЩһշΪ׷ߣЩѾЩ콾շΪ׷ߡ
ڵĿ£ʮġ
⣬Ϊµ֮һ
ֻЩڵ콾͸˼Ϊ̵ӡ
콾ս֮Уӵм콾ܶ࣬ټڸ콾콾ս֮շǵĺᡣ
˵콾ս֮е൱֮ӴȻһһ͸ֵһˡ
޳ͽаڵڻûⱾһ֤
Ʒǳʲôԭ򣬽аڣ֪Ƕ˵ʱʣһ޴Ŀ顣
˺˿ѾֵȻʵϣվǴϹͷŽվһˡ
Ʒϴ˾פأô׷Źǵġ
ȻԤϵһ޶Ʒˣô޼ɵĳˡ
ϣɱ
ʱפһ
Щֶͬһʱ׷׳֣һɹɿֲʱһ˵ٶȳųƷϯ˹
ƣλĸҲ˿
Ȼýĳеĸû뵽ǣ̫ǿˣЩϯֻǽһ̤
ʱ֮һ޴ŰΧסеĹ䵽Ĺ֮ϵʱѾͳͳΪС
෴ģЩ־Ѿɣ׷׿Ѫˡ
ЩĳиּҪɵˣǹô
һ˶ǧ
ƺ˳Ʒ磬ж˶ûκ壡
˷Ӧһ˲䣬ƷѾˣһֱֻ۸߸߾֮ۡ
һ̣һһ
һ̣Щ֮ǹͬ籩һһ˲ϯ񷡣
ЩǷӦûӦģͳͳǶֱ֣Ӷ˵ϡ
¡¡
פصĵ涼ѾըһƬǽ壬Ϊ£ЩֵѪڵ֮У˳żз˴֮С
һ˲䣬
˻ÿֲʵ̫ǿˣСλľôڱֳľֻСλսֻλǶְɣ
˷׷׿ųƷ·ͬǼ˹һ
ʵǳƷ̫ǿˣڹŴһʱ콾Ҳûӵʵɡ
ѹֳƷɱţǾ˻ˣ
ȻԼĵģ
ãããôĵӣ
أʱֱӷӳһӰ
˱ʾȻ˫ȥһ㡣
Ʒһŷ֣һԼĪŶʮ߰ģ꣬ͨȻԴһֲŭơ
ʱĿĶס˳Ʒ·ڿһһ㡣
Ʒ˵֣Ҳ׽ŭˣ˳
ʲôˣôĵӣ
ĿĿųƷ
㲻֪
ƷЦһ˵
Ҳܿͻһˣ
Ǹ˳ƷĻʱŭƷֱѹҲûн
Ϊ콾սⲿĸˣȻԼʵ԰ġ
ڣϵ¶û֮أʲôͷ㶼ˣֻˮ˵
ȻҲǵõһЩйسƷ鱨Ȼһͷˮ˾Ǵʯͷĳһ
ڼص콾֮ڣ֪һ㣬˭ţǸ
ڵ½ԶôҼǵγ콾ս֮ϵ콾ԾѾǧǰˣû뵽ﻹܹ
ге͵һʲôһϳ콾ݡ
ʱۣ˶֪ڵ޵콾ѹһʱ콾ǵ콾ǰ
ȻֻǰǰףȻÿһߺܹ֮࣬ӱΪǰⱾѾ֤½ԶֺʵеĴڡ
ٷϻƷЦſǰ½Զú½Զ˵ʲôϻ
δʱ½Զ˽


2103 κβ㣿˭˵ģ
Ȼ½Զͷ϶ԳƷǳӣȻֵʱȴǳȫϾȻȴɵ
Ʒһ·ɱնɱüֵĸ֣ǵ֮
Ʒһۣǰ½ԶѾʧȥӰˡ
һ˵ʵ򲻹ֻһ˲ѣ
죡
죡
죡
½Զٶ̫ˣһ˲䣬Ѿ˳Ʒʵϣ󲿷˶ûзӦʱѾ˳Ʒ
ı߲ʵһԳһٶȵԴ
ڵͨһĳ֮еõĳһϹǿߵĴУǧɡ
һԳӵѰ˸ľٶȡ
Ѱʵ޼콾ٶҲĶ֡
⿿⾪˵ٶȣѾڲ֮ء

½Զһ˲һâ֣ʩչڵϾѧ
նÿһʩչҪ˺ˣն
һóƷʮǰľͣǸʱ򣬾͵ʵҲǺ½Զ
ǸʱԾ͵ĽƷ޻֮ȻڣһѾͬˡ
أ
նն˳Ʒʱ򣬾Ҳûа취ӵдˡ
һص赲סľһ
ſƷȻһ˳ղžһ˳赲ס⾪޵һ
ôܣ½Զɴ۾һûնɱƷشƷҲͰˡ
ûƿƷķĵâնϣֻƬն˰ɫǳǳĺۼһӣѾʧӰˡ
ʲô˫ûֱӵɳޱȵľ
ǻԾǧǰĹŴ콾˵ʶ㣬֤ʱƣĲɣ仯
Ȼ󲿷ֵʱ򣬶Է֮У֪ʱţȻһʱӵбȵ콾Ϊĵ̡
νǼʶ㣬ָ콾ʶңԶǰĹŴ콾
ȻûƷӵмΪֲķͨģȫһȻûնۡ
Ҫ֪ǲ۰ֻ֮ݻĶѡ
ˣ
Ʒһȭȭֱӳ½Զϯ˹ȥ
½Զǧһ֮ʣӶűĳʧ١
һ˲䣬ֳ˳ƷұߣһΣֱһһ£ѣռ䶼ھҵĶܹռƽˮƽһ㣬Ȼʼ
أ
Ȼ͸ղŵȣҲûʲô𣬳ƷҲܣƾһ䵽ϡ
ȻһҲûʲôֱ޷Ʒһֻһǳǳӡǡ
øղ½ԶйΪùˣһ˲䣬½ԶٶʧԭأóƷĹΪˡ
ĿһĻ˫ڷŹ⣬˵Ľ֣˵ž޴Ľġ
߽޼᲻ݣΨ첻ơ
˷ֱǽҪӵ˼µˡ
ƷһͨǿĿ£½ԶôκβóƷ
Ȼ֮ԵΪ½Զٶ̫죬κβóƷҲԺźܴݵĶƷĹ
˫ԼĳҲԼ㣬ԲŻ໥޷κε˶Էľ档
ȥսҹǱⲻ˵ˣ
ҹҲţ޳κβ½ԶĻҲûбİ취ˣ
ʱվ½Զһߵģʱƣ˵ĸڵõ鱨ֻ֮ԴԴϵĸǸʱ򣬾½ԶڡƷȴûĺ̨Ǹʱ򣬺ĶҪ
٩٩̸ķ˵
ҲͬжϣƷĵ̫ˣʱ˵ĵ̲Ų¶ɽһǶѡ
޳κβңȥĻڣ
½ԶһκβóƷҲΣֲȥֻҪߡ
κβ㣿˭˵ģ
ƷЦһ˵
˵½ԶδüӦȴ֪ʲôʱƷֱһȭ䵽ǰ
Ю֮һĳڳƷȭͷ֮ϣһȭؼ䶼һ
ǹâڱһУһж˳ͷβЦ
ʲôʱ򣡡
½ԶδӦ֪ƷʲôʱٶȾȻһ࣬͸ղŽȻͬ
أһȭ½Զ½ԶʱѪˡ
ŷ֣Ʒһȭؿڰȥ㱻һȭ


2104 ϴһգȥ
ۣ
½ԶѪˣ֮ȫȫŵ顣
ҵʹȫڲıȫŤһһֽп־
Ϊʱ򣬲ŵһη֣ԼȻô
ԭΪƷǺ·ˡ
ȻʵԶԶԼȻƷһȭ赲ס
ʵȻԷ˺ܶ꣬ţ߳ȥǾһǿߣ츳ʮʱ䣬ſԱƽ
츳㣬ڣҲܱѡзӡԴδ
ΪÿһεķӡҪĵԴͲƸǷǳ˵ģҲûа취δ
ȷ㹻츳ܹδ֮·棬Ҳܱ
˵Ǻѹһʱ콾
˵Ǹʱ콾°ܹܽȼĶȶѡ
ԭǷǳŵģʱǿЩˣȻãⲻʱ⣬±ҪһЩͬ£Ųκˡ
ȻȴƷĸˡ
ûȫȫĵͲǳƷĶ֣
ı֮֮¶˿־塣
Ʒ֮ǰѹûк棬ѹڶ棬Լʵ֮˲ͽˡ
Ҳ˵ǰģ
Ʒ½Զ˵̫ʧˣ㻹ͣ
Ʒ䵭һʼǴ̽˼½Զʮǰ½Զ·𣬵սֻ»Ȳľ͡
ҲóƷҪ½Զ͵ʵļƻƲˡ
Ȼ˶ǳڣȻȫͬ
Ҳȷһ㣬콾繷콾ս֮ϣ͵츳ӦҲǿߵ֮С
Ժ½Զ콾˾޴Ĳ࣡
ʮ콾Ȼܶ޼ʵϣ콾֮츳ҲǷǳԵģĲ࣬Ҳ
Ȼ½Զʵ磬ǷڵǬԪһ죬ʵѷɫǬԪ
Ҳͽ˶ѣ
Ҳֻѹһ˵콾
ȻЩ콾ܹѹĲֻһ콾
ΪٶȺܿôƷ䣬һ˲䣬Ѿɱ½ԶǰֱһƳ˳ȥ
أ
½Զֱӳ˳ȥ˵Դ㱻ıѿĳƷȣʵ̫ˡ
ֱͬһϵĴڡ
˲ɵ÷׷׵һǲǿ˳ƷĶòϣƷٶ̫ˣղ½ԶһʱٶȻҪ졣
Ҳζţ½ԶΨһܺͳƷ࿹ĳҲûˡ
ûʱ½ԶԳƷʤ㡣
һƾͿԴĽɫ
ҪɱңڲŹģ
½ԶŭѪ罦νǼΪҡ
콾սⲿ˵ģֱͬɥ֮Ȯһ㡣
ãҲҪ̸һ̸
ƷЦһһ֣һտɫֱ֮Ӻ˳գһ˲ͺ½Զ½ԶԴ顣
½Զ
Ʒ½Զʬ׸ʼɨ˵פеĿ档
ʱЩΧӹﻹ׷ߣɢ
һѹ֮󣬳Ʒ˳פ֮еĲƸͳͳС
˵ױҪĶˣЩƸͱȾ֮еҪĶࡣ
ƷʯѾĸҩģĵرʤ
Ҹһˣ
ƷôԴ㹻һ
漴ֱ̤Ŷݹʧ񷡣
е֣ʱ򣬲һ
Ʒѹȸ̫ǿˣ޷Ϣ
ǳƷ½Զ½Զɱ֮󣬸Ǹоǰδеľ޴в
콾ս֮Уָսʱ޿̶ݣֻ¶ȲϽƷϴһս
νһս
Ʒϴ˺;פصϢһ˵ٶڳд￪
ողžٰ껣ɵϢŵĵɴ۾
Ʒֱּ׼ݣǲǾٰô̵ʱ䣬ƷȻѾˡ
𾪵ǳƷĵӣֱǵ졣
ˣκһˣ˵콾ս֮ӵмΪӴ
ǸɱţѾ˶Ϊ֮Ȼ˵ǽϴһա
˶ĵ˵֪Ϣ֮󣬻ǺεȵıŭʱȻŹƷ
ʱǲƺ˾ͲŹƷ


2105 һ
ȻУҲͲʲô²µˣ
ǵ찡ĵ»콾սκ˰ɣ
ɲɵøп˵֮лмĽ˼
ϾҲţܹ콾սΪСλ磬ǵС
˳ƷеĴڣѾ콾ܹﵽļˡ
ͣΪԲˣԸԷĻһν콾սʱԼҲΪ콾֮λȽϿǰĴڡ
ΪƵ콾Ϊͳ콾սƶý룬Ҳµ콾롣
콾սӲϵѭУĥЩ콾
עͬ޳޼ɵΪվŵڡ
ҲѡԷ⣬Ψһһν콾սĻᣬһڵѾڶˡ
Ψһܹҡλ˱ǵ꾪ž޵ĳƷʦܣȻƷʦѾʧôã֪
ĵλ˿Զҡǳε콾һҲУ˫ĲѾһĳ̶ȡ
ΪˣŲô޼ɵ£ݣһڣǣıǷںȻĴս
֪ΪʲôҲԤУ
껵˵ͷȻɵ뷨ΪҲ㣬ɣóѡ
ǧǰԷ⵽ڣΪľǳ·ĿΪǧǰļˣѣԷ⵽ڡ
֮µЩˣҲѾǵǿߵ֮һЩѾǴӡ
ûܹԿʱʴ
ҲǵĻᣬôǿƣǷ˵һ޴вڽ޳֣ǳȥĸ󻼣
ɿ˵
ڿ϶ưոݣʱ϶ǲǰ׷˵ᲨǷˣʦˣ
껵˵ͷȻףһڷײϣ˶ܳΪԵĶ
껶˶٣Ȼ˵޳Ϊ;г𣬲ŴγڣҵǶԾеȤˣ֮оȻܹ޳ѾǾžޣǸǾѹʱû⣬Ȼƺھ֮£Ǹʲô
껵мȤЩ콾˵˴֮Ҳи֣ܹ֮ѹһʱģͨ˿Ѿš
Ǵ֮ӱĸǴ
Ȼ콾սֻѰˡ
еֹѹһʱѹʱÿһδӷӡѣѹǸʱ콾
콾֮еľ
껽޳֮ΪܹѹʱⱾϵۣΪûа취ѹʱΪÿʱŵĵ
ַʣҲټҪѹʱ̸ס
ֹŴ콾콾ƷҲʲôţŲеٮٮߺʹ
һ棡
ɵޱȵأԭΪСλʵͽӽһ
Ȼز֮ף;͵ĲಢûбСˡ
Сλ磬Ծ͵ʱҲǺʤ㡣
ͿǱ콾սʱ䣬ڵʵշ˵ĹƣѾӽﵽ˴λ
뵽мʵ࣬оһС
ͬһʱֱһֱ
֮ͬУ֮棬ϧʧʮǰĿˡ
ǿǷҲǳصģһλҲԷ⵽ôڻĶ֣
Ŀ˸žâ뵽һܹǷſԺ;࿹
ʷΪž޵ţ֮Ϊˡ
ɵ˵ͷȻ֪˵˭Ƿϯӣ֪ҲԶѰ˸࣬һ¼͸оֻ
£콾ݺᣬһ˿ݺ޵еҵҲҪͣԲǣ껺Ц˵
ԼĻԷ⵽ʱʲô塣
ǰʱ䣬ϢȫǣҲ콾ս
һʱ䣬콾ս֪ˣ˺;Ȼƣפضϴˡ
ѼʱĸֲƸϴһա
˵ڵĸ߲;ŭƬ֮䣬ȻѾж
ϣҹĻ֮ʣȻǲĸ֣ѾϵС


2106 ʦ
ҹĻ٣ٶ޾ڳУнıʴС
ڳ֮УԽԽĸӢڰ֮۳
еĸ֮˷룬˶˳ǽߣʼЩӢ鷢
ЩӢ֮󣬽ЩӢɽڡ
ͳƷ²һ޶Щͽ콾սε콾Ѿ֪顣
Ժҹ֮۳Ӣ鲢¡
ҰЩӢ飬¾·һһ
ᱻЩӢϿ壡
ڱгǳܣ֧Ųס˾ͿԷسǳ֮ЩӢ˵ǿµĴڣǳΪԼʵĽݾ
кܶ˿ʼעеЩ˺;˵ĸ֡
һεٶȴ콾սĺĵ˵ˡ
ǶԷǲ˷෴Ļˣ˾콾ɱ
Щ콾κһǿѹһʱĴڣķԴܹӡʱھô˳Ʒϣ˵һ֮ˡ
һΣ˺;˶˲ٵĸ֣û뵽ǣΪ׵ľȻӣ
˿һӰϳһӰ
ȻôǿǾ֮еһ󽫣˵Ǳ콾֮еٮٮߣշΪִ֮һĴ󽫣
ɲǣҲû뵽Ȼǰ˵ǰѾλľ磬ڸܱƽλľ磬һֱ콾սĵʹһˣ̫ˣ
һɱһξ˿϶׷ŹǸ޳
۷׷ףϢƬ֮䣬Ѿ˳С
漴иϢ˳֮ӵһֱ˷ˣʷˣҪ÷˽޳
һʱ䣬νǧˡ
˶֪˵ıվŵǷڣ˱ڳ
Ȼ֮ĽҲһˣ˶֪飬Ȼ˭Ҳû뵽ӾȻֱ˷ˣҪ˽ˡ
ʵ̫ǿˣӾȻֱɱȥҲԲǺǵģ²ưոݣ
ӵҲ̫ˣ;һ޶ѹȺ۷;Ȼ˵ŲĻǳıӵˣ
۲ͣڲͣĶԿϮĸӢʱҲڹעųķչ
ӣ㲻ȥ׷齣޳飬ҷ˵פʱ껸˵֮һԵ׵Ӱ
һԼĪŶʮ߰ģ꣬ź˵Ϣ·һħһ㣬˿ֲ
Ǿ֮еĴ󽫣ӡ
껽콾սʱȽ磬ȻŹӵ飬Ҳû뵽;ȻһԱҲɳˡ
ȻǾ˻ˣޱ顣
֮кжԿ֯˫ͳ죬콾߸ֶܡ
֮ǰԤϣֻ³ôĿ˺;˱ض׵ưոݣ˵ᲨǷˡ
Ȼû뵽Ȼô죬֮󣬵һ飬Ϸˡ
һʦӣ
ޱȵı˵֪Ʒʲô䣬Ƿ˰˳ƷΣ
ǲڣѵΪڵ콾˲ɡ
ֻǶԷ޼ɵʮֵơ
˵פΪ£ԼӦ֪޳Ļ¼Ȯʱӻ˵˫֮˸ź˵Ĺâ
޳ҷߣʱĿ˵
ȻӵʵѹȸУȻȴ֪ʱܺˣǷˣǷڵϣݲñ衣
ڲ˵˲㣬˵Ҳ㣬ҪѲ飡ӵĿ˵֮ޱȵĵĮûȤ껶˵ʲô˼
ʱõĹڽ޳Ϣ࣬Ǵ˵פ֮󣬽޳ѾʧӰˡ
˰ڳеһЩ̽ҲҲǸ޳䡣
·һҹ֮ʧӰһչƣڳеĻͺпѾ뿪һǳˡ
콾ս֮ϣĳǳкܶ࣬ʮ콾漰ʤеפѡ
ҲѡĳС
ѡ˺;˱Ͼڡ


2107 ޼ɵ
֮Уνһ죬Ӵ̸ڣڵҪѲһ˻ʲô¡
²żˣǽЩҲȥʵҲûжˣܴȫǡ
иʤиŴ콾ЩŴ콾һǺ֮
ʵڣȻֻҪɳȥδǰ;
׵ЩˣڶҪͷֻۣһ˳ɳܶɾ޴ʧ
ôĸ֣ǿͬ˺;˶Ҫ˱ᡣ
Ǿֱ˷˵פأǸ޳˵ֵĵط
ںͷ֮ìҲѾ콾սҲԸˡ
Ѳ飿껶ʱɫһƬ࣬ǶԷµ裬Ƕ˵衣
ָоֱסĲȻݺݵĶ⡣
ĹǺ
ӣΪʲôˣѲҷ˵פأ
껴һ
㲻ҪΪ㿿˾ͣһΪԼ˲ˣǺǿûΪ֮ͿΪΪʹشˣ
ǷҪɱ㣬һѴ֮
껵Ļʱ֮Ĺâ˵
Ȼŭӣǿ˵ûеѡ
ϼЩ콾Ϊԭ콾ս֮ϣϢγЩ
Ϊǵϻ콾˵ǳãټЩ콾϶ԴǿĴУǵĺ֮ű
ŵĸʣ粻֪Ҫж٣콾ս֮콾Ҳ콾Ҫٶ١
ȻȴһǳεĵطǾ޷뿪콾սжôľžޣûа취뿪һ硣
зǵѪ֮һ
ͼ뿪콾սǺܿͱһصϮ
ǵѡ񲻶࣬˶ѡͶĳһ콾ܹҵ뿪콾սİ취
ǱʹģȻжٻǻЩģΪ콾ս֮ϣѡ
ͬʱҲΪɵ˳ƺΪһڱⲢţʵ
ʱ֮бһɿֲâ
âڱһ㣬ֱ˺˳գ˲ͺ䵽껵ϡ
ۣ
Ѫ˱һ˲ˡ
㡭㾹ȻҶҶ֣
ޱ𾪣ѹûнķ˷ôȻķ˹ޱȾǣ֮ʵȻôӽֻĿͽش
ʵﵽ˷ǳĵز
Ѿλľ磬ӵʵԶʤֻѾﵽλ۷壬ޱƽλ硣
˵ĻǾ̫ˡ
Ҫ֪콾սΧĸĸˣҲǳλʵѣӵһʵ壬ʵֲرǿ
ǿľ콾սв콾սĺĵش
ӵʵȻƽ˴λľ磬Ҳζţ콾սΧҲܹӿĴڡ
ͬλʵ̫ˣ
ˣ
ֻЦһ漴˵ѣ
ʱ󣬸ֳϰٵӰЩӰʵޱǿεҲѾСλľ磬Ǿĸ֡
껲Զɵɫ࣬˫ȭգȻûκΰ취ĸ֮Уǿľ껡
ǼӵĹ֮¶߲һУǣҲûκ
˵ôλĸ֡
ҪͬʱЩλĸ־ۼǷǳѵģκһλĸֶһͷһ˶Ҫ𶯡
ڣЩλĸѵأֱչѲ飬ѲķҲʮֵĴֱͨ̽˵פء
ڸʲôһȣһȣֿȳһѪǣϵơ
㲻òҪ
Цһһ֣϶һ˽Σ͹ӵͭ뷨ͭųҫ۵ĹâС̫һ
ͭâ֮һΣһЩصĵطҲͳͳ¶
¶չһȦ֮ڲĵĽͭûܹзǸΪ޳ļһ䡣
ˣߣ
˵꣬ӱһڸ뿪פء


2108 ͻƣСλ
̫
껿Զߵ˵ĸ֣ɫ࣬޵ҧгݡ
޼ɵ˵ֱܴ衣
ű˵ѹҲûнǷ
˵ĳԱҲͬߡ
ž͵һѣ
˵
磬Ƿϯӣϯӣ˫ĵλͲࡣ
콾ս֮ϣ;֮䣬ͲԶˡ
Ϊ콾սϣûκƶܹ֤ݺ͵λΨʵǾһеĸ
ﱨ棬˵Ƿˣ²ʹˣ
˵ˣǻһǿĶ֣˲Žûмʱ䣬һЩ֣Ǻͷ˱վǲԶˡ
ʱҲһƬɹڷ˵פûҵƷ䣬˺˽еһƣʼڳѲ˳Ʒ䡣
߿֮УĿ˵ڵҲҪҰҳ
϶ܲˣڳУҳҪʬΣ
ʮƶ˵ʱѾˣޱߵӢ飬ƷɵĻͲܳǣֻʹޱߵӢ֮С
пܾͶڳС
һӣʱеͭٶȱҫ۵Ĺâںڰ֮У·С̫һ㣬֮һжΣС
֣׷¶˼˲飬Ȼ˶û
Ծ˵ǿƺӵʵҪһعҲûа취˶֪˺˸ողűƷϴһգʱܻʱ˭ҲʱƷΪ˺˵ĳͲ
һƬɹȻʮƵǣͭȻûҵƷ
ͭЧȻӹɣǾֻһֿԣǾǳƷѾ뿪˳С
ˣҲˣûеĻҾҪ֮أ
˵
ڳзһͣץסǸ޳֮ˣҾ˺˶о޴ͣṩϢߣҲԻʮƷʯ
ܿ죬ӵͱ˳ȥɵÿʼмִϾֻҪṩϢ֤ʵͿԻʮƷʯ
ɲһСĿǶλĸ˵Ҳһҹˡ
һʱ䣬˶û˼ȥɱЩӢ飬ǿʼ˳Ʒ䡣
ͬʱ˶ƷʱɽͼĿռ֮ڣƷڰ֮С
˸߲ʵĹâĲԶһһƷʯϵշ飬·һصǣһĺ֮С
ЩȫӿԺ֮е֮Уõֵ֧¿ʼգ콾ս⸴ķ¿ʼõ
Ʒڴ⿪ʼǣԭƷôΪƸûôƷʯܹ֧ŵֲġ
ڴ֮󣬳Ʒνһҹ㹻֧൱һʱˡ
Ʒ˫գ߲ʵĹâ֣еķ·һoһ㡣
أƷͻȻһ۾ֱһ֣һֱֻ֣ӽԶҩɽϵϵһöժ
ժ֮󣬳Ʒ˶֮С
ɲǼ䣬һȵҩڳƷ֮ͷ˳һɺһ㣬ɲǼ䣬ѾСλڵֱӳСλڡ
ڳƷڴѾԶԶСλڣھϸһѶȣ̷֮Ĺǡ
˳µͻƵСλڣսҲ˱һء
Ʒδֹͣһ߲ϵĲ֮ͷųĴϢİƷԭʸĴͬ˽ĿһһĽⲽдǰоԼҰ
˶ڴҲﵽǰδеĵز
ĹҲһöİ֮·ͻƵСλڲֻǸոտʼѣһ·ܿ죬綼ѾȫԲˡ
СλҲһ֮ңˡ
Ͳһŵʱ򣬳Ʒأֹͣ
۾еͳͳʧӰ٣·ӿʼͲһ㡣
һͿͻƵСλˣϧˣͲһ㣡
Ʒ¶˼ֿϧ飬һͿͻƣﵽСλڣȻʱжˡ
ΪʯȫһˣӾ˺ϴƷʯѾһա


2109 ޺Ʋ
Ʒǿϧ飬ͲôһţͿͻˣֻϧٶ̫ˡ
Ÿոս˺פ֮еĲƸϴһգھȫһˡ
ȻٶԶԶƷԤϣȥֻҪ»Ȼ
Ҫ֪Щ˺;ѼĲƸҪʹõġ
Ʒʹö֪Ʒĵжôľˡ
ԶԶһ˵˵һܼҲΪһһ񼶰ܼӡ
ЩƸƷǰҲ˰µʱ䡣
Ʒһ㶼ڣܹоڱĿֲ
ûͻƵʱ򣬳Ʒֹǿһֹ
ڴǴǰδеĵز˵ǰ޹ˣߡ
ΪĹϵƷǰ㣬רѡĳһв򣬼˵ʲôͲʲôʳ
ڴȫ̶ȣ˵СλĸˣǴλĸҲԶԶġ
һ˽һ£ӵ൱̶ȵֻ֪Ҫȫ
һҲѡôҪĶС£ؼǲͬĴ֮رˮȫͬȫķ
ҪͬķҪĵʱ̫ˣȻ೤ҲûдﵽӻĵزеĿĲΪ˳ô
ΪڴԶԶѰ˵ͬģҲóƷսֱӴԭλֱӳλ۷壬λڵĸ֣ƷаܹԱȫˡ
˵Ȼ˵Ǻķ޾ԴԶѰ˵ȻƷջҲԶԶѰ˵ڴĸԽι̣Ʒδܹվĸ߶ҲԽǾˡ
˵δͻҲԶԶһҪ׵Ķˡ
һ·ӵеعؿڳƷ˵ʲô£˿Ҫ꣬ʮܹƵĹؿ
ڳƷ˵ȴƳԷˮһļ򵥣Ϊڴʵ̫ιˣ̫ʵ
ι̵ĻȻ˳˳ˮ
Դʱ䣿ƷԺ֮ͷĿǰ˵ȻԴͬʮֵĶȱˣȻȴбӶȱģǾʱ䡣
ʱԶԶȲϾͣʮʱ䣬һʱޱȵĽ
ҪĵԴҪԴʱ䣬ҪĵԴֱһ֡
չ϶ǲˣȻǺ죬ҹݲʣ
Ʒ⣬ûϴ˾˺˵ĲƸƷҪеز˵ҲҪµʱ䣬㹻ܶˡ
Ҳĳ֮󣬾˺˲ôˣôĲƸۼȴǲǿء
Դ˵ӶƸѾеĲԡ
֮⣬ǻѪ¥аôƷЦһһβԸˣ˾˺֮⣬Ѫ¥аˡ
ͬвٵ콾콾սиֺٮٮ߲٣ҲͬҪԴ
ⲻһ
ȳȥ˵
ƷһѾ磬ʱѾһͨӣûϵó֮ǰĽ޳
ܿ죬Ѿ·˵Ŀ֪չص֮Уʲô
һʼΪץסƷӽпνڵļɹȻȴûзֳƷһǰټ
Ҳֻա
Ϊ˶ΪƷ϶뿪һǳأĻ˺;˾ߵ£ҲƷ
ǳҲû˵пƷټ˲²⣬³ƷѾҰ⣬ϾҰÿҹ޾ӢûǿĸҲҰ档
ϾǺųƷޱߵλ֣ȻʱȻЩӢȴ޾ģЩӢ֮ѾµԼǣָǰļʵһһӿֲ
Ʒڳǳ֮Уһǳأڵ̽ӣһ֪
ΨһĿܾѾҰ⡣
Ҳ˵Ĳ²⣬˺֮Уһ㡣
ӼʮֲˣҲֻܾʹưոݣ
һǵһ֮ӱ˾˵פ֮УԷٶȱϴ٣ƳƷ飬һα㹻ˣԲеڶΡ
ûעһ䣬һݹεض뿪˳ǳأʧ֮С


2110 ٶȱ
콾ս֮ϣǳͬܲÿĵȻǱص˱ص֮⣬콾
콾ۻʮ򣬿һӴ֡
˶ڲͬĳǳ֮פأѼָ콾ս֮еԴ
аˣ콾ս֮ϵ֮УϺŵȻ
а˺ųư󣬴Ϲʱڣţڼеа콾ֶѡаˡ
ӹаĴдδֹͣȫһажôӴ
Ȼ콾ս֮Уǲġ
˵ȻӦû˸ǰɣȻһϢһҹ֮䣬ʹ콾ս
а˵פҲϴˣ
֮ǰ˵פرϴټһޣ
һ½˵Ұ֮УǾ֮ǰΪѾ˵Ľ޳
ٶȳˣոճֱ֣ӽа˸ϴˣ
£
һʱ䣬콾սȻϾ˱һ죬ν졣
һȻѾʮֲˣڣ޳ֱӶа֡
콾ս֮ϣۼа˵аţһһ˻Ҫǿϼ֡
κһѰ˵ǵģ޳ֱӴȻһݺݵĶӡ
аڳеפرƣפеĸֱ¾һգֲƸϴһա
һĪѪ¥أһʲô˵޳гģ˶֪ģ˾ˣ˺а֮⣬ӦþѪ¥ˡ
ΪɱһԣѪ¥δˣǵһС
ΪѪ¥֮вɱ֣һѪ¥ֵ֮ɱ֣ȻѪ¥ĸ࣬ȴرɵһ
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ҲΪʲôѪ¥Ϊɵĸԭû˳еѪ¥ı
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ȻеĲ²һа˱ϴһ֮һѪ¥
Ѫ¥פأڳǳеһƬׯ԰֮У˿ۣ֪ˣֻ¸Ͳ֪УȻǴѪ¥פء
פعĳֲͬѪ¥࣬פҲΪε֪֮
ȻʱѪ¥פ֮УȴѾһƬǽ壬˵Ѫɺӡ
ԿѪɫƷѪ¥ֵʬףвеĶѪ¥ĸ֣Ѫ¥ڱ֮зչĸ֡
Ѫ¥ĸֽ콾սҲһΣȻԼĵͳȻѪ¥ĸֱ˵ҪٵĶ࣬ȴҲ㹻ĸԹʹ
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ƷһȭɱһѪ¥ĸ֣ʱѪ¥פ֮ѾҲûһѪ¥ĸ֡

ƷҡҡͷЩѪ¥ĸһһǱӽƷͼɱƷڳƷǰЩһ嶼ûС
Ѫ֮УޱĮȴû˿ĶݣЩѪ¥ĸ֣컯ҲСλĸ֣˵֪¾˶޹ܹɱ֮е֮ߵķϡ
϶մ޹Ѫ๼
ɱЩˣƷͷһ˿һĶҡ
Ѫ¥ĲƸ̫ˣƷ۾ոսѪ¥ĲƸϴһգѪ¥ĲƸֻϰƷʯûˣҩĵĵرûУȻӦøոϽɹһƷһ
аǱ߳ƷϴٵĲƸ˳Ʒʯ֮⣬кܶΪĵرֵҲƷʯ΢ֲһ³Ʒеź
ڳƷͷǿֱõƷʯͳ飬ЩԭӦĸеģȫ䵽˳ƷУ֪һʶĲƸ
㹻һͻƵСλˣ
Ʒ⣬ֻҪٸһЩʱ䣬ͻƵСλڣʱ⡣
ɽͼУֽһöΣѾƽ˳죬ò˶ãͿͻƵһ֮
ò˶ãӦþܹ׷ϾͣʱժԴйͷ֮ޣƷ뵽˾֮ͣ˸ޱȱ顣
أ֮УһҵĲһѪɫӰԶϯ


2111 ȫ
Ʒ˲侯ȴһѪɢȥһӰ˳Ʒǰ
һһѪɫĳۣü֮żſ֮ɫͨ屬Ѫɫķꡣ
ãããһ޳㾹Ȼ¾Ѫ¥פأ
ѪĶס˳Ʒһ˫һͷһһ׹⡣
ּ֮ŭȻû뵽ƷȻܹҵѪ¥פأȻܹѪ¥פ¾һա
Ѫ¥¼ɱ֪֯ɱ¾˶ˣ֪콾ĳͬѪ¥ɱνޡ
Ѫ¥Ȼ콾ս֮ϻĺúõأΪʲô
ΪѪ¥Ĺãͬһǳ֮Уûע⵽Ѫ¥Ҳ
Ͽ˵ˣ
ڣѪ¥פȴֱӱ¶˳ƷǰȻ֪ôģѾѪŭա
Ѫ¥פضǹģȴȻ¾ǰ
ֱնɱĳöˣѪ¥ֵʱŻֳ棬ʲôʱѪ¥Ҳôˡ
һ©֮㣿ƷЦһ
©֮㣿ɱңѪʱŭѪɫķıӿѪ˸Ƭʡ
ѪվѪ˵˼֮ϣĮĿųƷ޳Ѫ¥ȥɱѾˣ㾹Ȼ񹲷ߵ飬һҪɱɿܣܾ尾
Ѫ֮˸ź˵ĹâȻǺ޼˳Ʒ
Ѫ޼ɣɱңֻ»£
Ʒ̾Ѫ˭ڲ鳭Ѫ¥ĲƸʱҲˣһѪ¥פصĸˣǱˣһΪѪ޼ɵ콾ɱ֡
Ϊפ֮жйѪ޼ɵһЩϣȻǺܶ࣬Ҳ㹻óƷ˽⵽Ѫ޼ɵˡ
һϹʱҫһʱĿֲɱţʱ򣬼ѹƵ콾̧ͷ⣬Ϊ⵽Ĵɱ
ͬ콾ѵִֵɱʵǿĶеļ¼
Ѫ¥֮ѵһ콾ŻᱻѪ¥ӡԴա
֪ҵֻҵǰĪΪɱ˼Ѿ޵˲ɣѪ˵ԭأǺõа˱ϴһյϢ֮ʱ͸о˲á
Ϊ޳޷ܿܽĿֱָѪ¥æææĸ˻
ȻһѪ¥Ѿϴһˡ
ЩɶѪЩ֣һν콾սʱµĵͳչ֣ԲŻĸԸΪá
չ˲֪Уһҹ֮ȫصǰŬͳͳ׷ѡ
뵽ͺ޲ýƷʬΡ
λڣƷЦЦѪ޼ɾĿǰΪֹĶ֮Ϊǿġ
ĿǰƷҪǿһΡ
ܱϣĻ൱鷳ˣ
ƷϾѾ˾ϡ
Ѫ޼ƺһ۾Ϳ˳ƷҪʲôɲǼ䣬Ѿ
һɾ˵ɱֱӳųƷϯȥ
һ˲䣬Ʒ·𿴵ѪϯѪ޼ϵɱʵ廯ˣ־΢һĸֶܱӰ죬ҡ־
ҲѪ޼ɵֶΣɱƲóƷߣǵضѪ޼ɵɱóƷж֮һ㡣

Ѫ޼һȣ䣬֪ʲôʱѾɱ˳ƷǰиֳһѪɫذףذ֮кɨһѪɫĳã
ѪɫĳãɨɲǼ佫Ʒ
ʲôѪ޼һӷ֣ǰƷȻʧӰ٣ôȫȫʧǰ
ȫȫĲ˼飬ɱİ֮£ƷѲǡ
ȻʧƤӵ£βо󺧡
ĶȥˣѪ޼˲佫ɨ˳ȥפ֮УûκһǰӰ
ռװѪ޼һ͵뵽ʲôΪͼʶƺѾµһֿԣǾǳƷĳһֿռװ֮С
ܹװĿռװȻȻûУңԶǰһ֡
Ƶʧĳûһ˿һȥĺۼģ˲뵽ʲô
ҾͲһӲˣ
Ѫ޼ɵЦһפ֮еķڶȻαƾʧ˿֮С


2112 ͻƣСλ
ɽͼڣƷȻҲѪ޼ɵĻѪ޼ܹµƷΪʧҲȡ
Щ콾۽綼ѰܱȣܹװĿռװȻ٣Ҳȫ
Ȼܹɽͼȵģ»ûеġ
֪Σ
Ʒ벻ں
֪һ£ܹκεһ¡
żɽͼ֮УѪ޼Ҳκβ
Ҳ֪Ѫ޼ɿ϶ԱߵţСЩɱ֮콾ȴǵУбҪǿһʮ꣬ʮֻ꣬ΪһһŵĴɱĻᡣ
Щ̿˼ɵĵطΨǧǧշĵһЩˣ͵ǧշ׼
νѲ֮
Ƕ˶ԣƷûµģ
ڣոϴ˵Ļǿ޵ʱ
ó˵ԴͲƸ༺붼ˬͨ͸
뵽ƷûκԥͨԺ֮е֮Уʼӿ֮С
ʱƷֽ֮Ķ״̬·֮С
ڳƷ׼һһӶδһζ򣬶ӵĳƷ򲻹Ǽҳ㷹һļ򵥡
иֱӿ˱ҩɽ֮Уٳɳʱļ٣һö죬Ȼֱӷɵ˳ƷС
⵽һѾֱϰƷʯ
ȫٱҩɽʱ٣ֻǼڵҪҩɽ֮еҩĳɳҪ֡
ˣҲǾ׵飬ܹ춨һϴеĻģֻҪܹԴԴϵĳ㹻ҩģܹں̵ܶʱ֮ڣ㹻һǿĴС
Ʒ̷֮ڱѾķǷӿγ񳱣ÿһ֮гˢžıݣͬ˳ˢźһ֮
ͬʱƷĹҲǰҲһ˵ٶȷһһ㳯Ÿ߲ͻơ
Ÿոͻƣô̵ʱͻƣʵΣգĶҪι̵ĶˣʱڵͻҲĵκεĶҡ
˫£Ʒʵͻƣֱۿɼٶȷ
£Ҳ֪ȥ˶ãƷڴӶ״̬֮нʱ˫ֱֱ֮䳤ա
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ͻƵСλڣ
սֱλڣ֮кС
ӵٶȣò˶ãܹСλеԲľ磬ǸʱͻƣͿԺɵͻƵλľ磬ǸʱսϣԺ;һϸ¡
Ʒûиϣ֪͵ʵﵽ˺εȵĲΣƷԿ϶ҲѾ˴λľ֮С
ԳƷҪ࿹⣬ҲеλǸʱ򣬼Խ٣аտԱ
ȻЩܿ죬ԭλ뵽˴λǳƷĽֻ죬˫Ĳһ˵ٶС
һ㣬һ㣬ͣԴĲϺˣ
Ʒ˵
Ҳʱóȥˣ
ƷͷһӰѾɽͼ⣬Ѫ¥פ֮С
ʱϴѪ¥פأѾȥ˰ʱ䣬һεͻƣôʱ䡣
Ѫ¥ȻûнפػָĴ㣬ϾѾƷ֣ϴٹһΣѾٰȫˡ
Ͼһ˵פزͬѪ¥ĳֻ̫࣬¼޲ýѪ¥ʤЩˣҲܹͬ
Ͼ˵һв
ǳѡ޾ɱ¾ά֮⣬ǲϵҰȫĵطأͬӰĳһ㡣
ȵˣ
һ˲䣬ƷĶߴһ˷ܵ
ҪһѪɫâɲǼͳųƷͷ­նȥ
ƷҲһӣʱһѪɫâֱӱ顣
ʱƷͿһâıȴǱˣѪ޼ɡ
Ѫ޼ɣȻ㣬㻹ûߣƷ俴Ѫ޼ɡ
Ѫ޼ƺڸղųƷ׾ٵ赲סԼĹϡ
ȵɱ㣬ѰѪ޼һ˫ӱѪɫģ·һѪУҪڡ
һ˲䣬Ѫ޼ٶʧռȫΪһ壬ҪǱɱƷʱȴһֻ͵һץ˹ɲǼץ


2113 ɱѪ޼
ʲô
Ѫ޼ɶʱ󺧣һӾʹѪε״̬֮Ӷ˳ĳȥ
һֱɳǧףӹһֵֻ׷
ʱžδĿƷΪղһֻǳƷץġ
ȻֻһֶֻѣܹоĳƷһֻһץĻֻʣ·һˡ
ʵôô࣡
Ѫ޼ɾ˵ܹоֻǰʱ䣬ƷʵȻ˺ü
˵£Ϊ겻ô࣬һֿܣͻ˾磬һͻһ󾳽硣
֮оδƺȻţֻǰѣƷʵȻܹôࡣ
֪ôʲôһ֣ƷЦЦûжһЩԭ
Ѫ޼ɴʱȫأųƷ˵㲻Ҫ̫ˣʵһΣѪ¥ʵܹĵģϵĴڣնɱͬ϶ѣ
ΣֲǣǵʵΣҲܲǴ޽·ҲȲ㣡ƷƲƲ죬ν˵Ѫ¥ܹһˣҲ콾ս֮ݺᣬʵȻӹɣп϶пֲɱ콾
ΣԶˮʣ
㡭Ѫ޼ɼ̾Ѿ˾ߣһԶǧƷʵѾ׸㶨ˡ
ΪΪԼʵԶʤڳƷ˭뵽ʱ䣬Ʒʵ˷츲صı仯
ɱͲóսҲ͵͵ɱˡ
ߣ
Ѫ޼ֱһھѪһھѪһͷֲޣֱӳųƷ˹ȥ
ıǳԶߣҪϢȥѪ¥һλֲɱ콾ԳնɱƷ
С
ƷЦһֱӴһһֲĿ¶һ˲ֱӽһͷ޺Ƭ
Ȼ͵һ̤һ˲Ѿ׷Ѫ޼ɡ
Ѫ޼ɵٶȺܿ죬ҲǴɱ֮ıѧȻٶȻǸϲϳƷٶȡ
ɴӡ
Ʒֱһֻ˳ȥһֻֻһ޴ޱȵӡӡ͵һ
ɴӡǷڵˣʱѪ޼ɴʧɫΪ֪ɴӡǷڵϾѧֻз֮еĵϵпܵõڡ
͵ѧˣͻٷ޾׷ɱһ˸ѧϰɴӡ
ȻһֻĴӡûи̫ʱȥ˼
ƴˣ
Ѫ޼ͣ˽ŲȻѾ߲ˣǾ͸ɴƴˡ
Ѫޱߣ
Ѫ޼ɴһʱһɲǼ䣬֮иֳޱߵѪѪ֮иֳ˸ָĹȻǸָѧǱɱЩѧѧڶѪ֮С
һʱ䣬ѪɫĹǵأһС
ߣ
Ʒֻһɴӡų߲ʵĹâʱѪ֮зӿĹһ˲ͱƬԭ޾Ѫ߲ʵĹâҫ֮£ֱӱˡ
أ
һ˲䣬ɴӡֱĵѪ޼ɵϡ

Ѫ޼ɲҽһձѿֱӻѪ꣬ƷɽͼĿռ֮С
ˣ̫̫
Ʒҡҡͷûͻ֮ǰѪ޼ɶ˵ǷǳǿģʮѲڰǰҲֻԱ
Ƕʵ˺ü˵־ͿĴڡ
Ҳ֪Ѫ޼̫ˣ̫ǿˡ
Ҫ콾սʲǻѣʣɳޣǿԳɳΪߵģԲߡ
ֻϧѪ޼˳ƷĹ̥ʵˣóİɱڳƷǰûκ;
͵ϮҲûпشƷʵԶڳƷ֮ϣûκ塣
ͬȼǿߣκ˶ͬƷһɱ콾
һҪȥʶǿĸ֣콾ս֮ϣ콾̫ˣΨЩ콾սܹһĥҵĵģƷ⣬Ҫߵĵһǰδе·һ·ע˰׹֪̾ͣҪ¶ˡ
ΪĹϵ˵е콾Ǳڵˣ뱻ɱΨһ취ǿǿ󣬸һǿԼ
ͷתƷѾѪ¥פأʱ˰ʱ䣬콾սͰǰȣ˲Сı仯
ƷܿʹӸ˽⵽ʱ䣬콾սı仯
ǰһ֣ϴа˺Ѫ¥ĴУνһս졣


2114 ʸ
ԭΪƷѾȥľ˺һŭˣ˵˵һֳ衣
ԭΪƷѾȥˣǱˣ˭룬ƷȻû
˵ֱžžžȻ֪ƷôģǼϵģ˺˾ж
ĴѲƷ䣬Ȼ֮УƷɽͼпޣûг磬Լ㼸˽콾սΧѾǷ˸׳졣
ȻȴûзֳƷκ䡣
ʵϣѰҳƷģԶֻǾˣˣа˵ȼˣʵϣкܶ˶ԳƷȤ
е̰ͼͽ𣬶еҪ£ƷûȷǿߣȤ
Ȼ˰ѰûһֳܹƷ䣬ˣٱҲˣƷ϶ļɡ
а취ܹ㣬һЩͬ㣬ʵкǿģѰûһֶǲܶ㿪ġ
һΣ˺;˵Ҳûа취ҵƷ䣬·һйڳƷϢȫڱסˣܱ㵽
ǿֻܱɡ
ˣ˺;ҲûзڳƷѰԱ˺ܶԭ֮е
Ȼˣһ֪
Ψһ֪ƷѪ޼Ϊԭ򣬲δϢɢȥƺҪ³Ʒͷȥȡͽ
˭룬ǰʱ䣬Ʒʵ˷츲صı仯ǵԽӵ׾ٽɱʵһŤת˾ơ
Ʒһ˼飬ǰԭ׷ɱƷӣش
˵Ǳɱ˾˵פأһٽشش֮ƮȻȥ
һ˳ƷĶУʸƣ
ڵľ콾ҲǷ˵ʸƣ
Żʸһξ˳֣ڻʸƵϢҲʼ콾սΧ˿
Ƿǧǰһֵľţʱȫѹ¼콾
Դӳʱ򣬾ͺѰ˲һ콵󣬾·һڵĳϣǸʱʼھͿʼעʸƵĳɳʸư֮ڣǵһʹƽеŵӣѾŵӵ̳ڲ꣬ѾΪڵ洫ӣʮѾѹͬˡ
Ƿڵͬڣ֮ͬˣ콾֮ϣȫѹˡ
Դ콾һʱʼҲûܹһ˿һв
ʵڵҲǹϵģҪĶһ죬һ콾һС
ǸʱѾﵽ۷壬ȻԸٶɢ
һҹ֮䣬㳹ʧ˵ǰڶԴҲǻĪ
ǧȥ˶ڻʸƵĻԻֻţȻȴ̫顣
֮콾սʸһζûгֹһֱһ콾ս˵еĳ·ǰ
ʸ³֣һֱԷ˵̬˵ǰ֪ʸƲʧ٣ѡԷ⵽ȴǸĻῪ
˵ʽԱһ֮оĸ֣ÿһҲҪﵽǵӵĲβʸ񱻷ӡԴδ
˵ǷڸʱٮٮߣȻЩ콾֮Уʸȴǵ֮ĵһˣԾԵʵ콾ϿĵλΪס
еѶȿ֪
ʸƽ콾ս֮ûãǰ콾սĵش֣ĶǸ콾콾֮ҲǷëǣԺɨµľ
ֻ˶û뵽ʸһԳ֣ӵ鷳
˶뵽֮ǰӶڷ˵裬˲޶ԣڵȴŷ˵Գء
˿Ȼôǳӵʵڷ֮еǸֿԽѹʸԳ֣ĿֻһǾ˵ľ͡
ʸ̫ǿˣӵʵȻһдɴ״̬ûгŹ
ĹŴ콾ӵʵûʸûʸԳ֣ΨһԳֵɣֻоͣ
Ҳ˵ˣ˵ͻϮ˷һ콾һǵ÷ŭǸʮǰģȻӰһֱڶû
ʸ֮Ծͳֹ


2115 һնɱ
ƺҲ֪һ㣬ԶڻʸҲǶαܶȻȡʱɳϾڻʸ˵Ҫ̵Ķ࣬츳ڻʸƣҲҪʱɳ
Щ̫֮ˣ໥ԶԷֵţԼԶǸƷϮɱ˳ƷڻʸҲԾͼ֣
˫пƣ콾ս֮ϣ˫ĶԹױûܹܵסǣ
˵ͻûг֣ƾӱˣ˵ڱչأٶȳصʱ񹦴ɣͿԿʸˣ
һʱ䣬ָϢӿ˳ƷĶС
ǸʸƵ飬óƷǰһû뵽ڷ֮УڹôǿƵ콾Զʤɵˡ
콾ս֮ϿԺ콾ľ޵С
ǳƷҲЩĳҪ
ڻʸҲûжʱȥܾˣϾҲˣʸôԾͣ˺;˲ԸȻϾǳڣȻôţ˵ѾһʸƵ鷳һĴս˺ͷȻֻ֮ҲҪٶȽˣ
˼Ļ俤սɣ֮У俤ѾսһһӼңһһӲпᣡ
еһҾڳǿ˽Ź俤˼ˣЩ˼
˫Ĳ໹Զ׼ģϾ˼»ǸŹ俤һ룬˫ôĲҲǺģ
ڶʱ˼ѾԱ֮ˣʵ˷츲صı仯ȻԾǲУȴҲǵһôգ
˵ʵģŹ俤׷˼һ֣Уȴԣɱһ֮ﳤȥ
У˼ϢҲܿͱƷѼ֪֮У˼Ĵ
˼ΪƷ콾սĿնɱͣ˭֪Ҳ˲УΪ˹俤һƺţս
һʼ˴ܹ׾ٵͻưΧȦȻ˼֮УһĴսҲ˾޴ɱ䣬ĻҲܹôɡ
ʱƣ˫ֻԽԽңֻǰʱ䣬ͽΣ֪Ź俤ѾʧȥеģҪȥ˼ꡣ
ӸϢŹ俤̫ǿңԶǰͲֹһν콾ս˺֣ܶвٶɳΪ֮еľ֡
˵˼ûУıվŵңɽȻңɽ֮ǰҲΨг콾ս
ڲûкܾã̲񣬼ֻܿһɱһѪ·
еļɴ˿֪
ƷûҪȥ˼꣬Ϊ֪Լ֮սϷ俤ţ˫ս⣬һ»ȴ
˼һˣôĵľͻ᲻ȹ̣û޵֮־עûа취ߵ
Ƚնɱ֮ȥ˼ϣ
Ʒ۾֮˸һ˵Ĺâ
ӿν裬֮ǰ˵˾ˣν˻ʸ޵콾
ȻʸƵĿǾͣȻΪҲȷʵ˷µĹߡ
ڸǴģĴѰҳƷ䣬ҪƷʬΡ
Ʒôܾôưոݣ
Ҳû뵽澳£ƷҲû෴ģͬıӡ
ҵʵֻδӵĶ֣ǰӱش˴Ȼָʲô̶ȣ֪ҪʤްܣҪϵԿ
Ʒŵ鱨ҲܹĳӵʵֻѾλ۷壬ֻ벽ܹλľ硣
һλ콾ս֮϶ǾĴڡ
Ȼ֮ǰʸһشƷҲ֪֮оָ˺εȳ̶ȡ
ƷԸ߹ʵҲϵ͹ʵ
ҵʵҪڶڸһǲ̫ˣ
Ʒ۾ҪʱʱԲҲòͣθ֮ͻơ
ֻİ취ҪʤǿΨһ취
ƷԺֳ֮һУǾǷ
ΨܹʤǿܱԼʵǿĴڡ
ۣƷĿ겻ֹһˣҪо˺˵ĸһٿɱ
һնɱ


2116 ԪɴȺ
콾սв֮ǰһνɱ
콾սв콾սⲿҪӲ֪٣콾սΧдۼĳУ콾սвһվĥ֮أȻǲνսˡ
Ϊս
ѰСλĸ֣УΪѰ·
һȫȫĴ֮
Ԫɴ
ƷԺ֮ôһʣڣѾûжŹ󷨡
ȻϹ䣬׹ΪԪɴʺɨµľ
ӵʵļ֮УƷ֪һһɱʮߣνսԻ֮ͣΪϹ֮һ
ʿһ󷨣һҹ˶֪׺ݺڴ֮ǰʺ͵ʲ࣬ǿŸ֮·֤
˵Ȼ֤֮󣬶ڸִҲͬսһϣվвࡣ
һսҲ˶ʶˣȻյ£ʵսֻǵףһӵõǼΪֲġ
һսɱʮߵսۣޱȾˡ
ͼշת䵽˻ʾУ¼˻ʼս֮С
ȻԳƷ֮⣬ܲóȫĻԪɴҪɱʮ߸ǳ롣
˳Ʒ󷨵ʮǧ֮⣬Ҫǣ󷨵Ȼ֮Ȼġ
ҪķѼĴ۰ڳģõĸĵرȫĻԪɴһ㹻óƷҵ
򻯰汾ģҪɱôĸ֣ҪԴҲһ֡
ڳƷոϴĸ˵פأʯѾƷһգǸĵرһЩҩƷɻʳ֮⣬ʣµĶúõء
㹻óƷóһ౶汾ĻԪɴ
˾֮󣬳ƷʼѰҵط󷨣еĵطܹ󷨣־ܹǿ󷨣Ʒδﵽľ磬˵ԻԪɴķӳ̶ȣҪ˲䲼óǸ顣
ֻнܹһ󷨵׷ӳ
ųƷʼôԼжĳ֣콾սϵ˶֪˰ǰʧٵĳƷٶȳˡ
ԭڲĸǾˣˣѪ¥аĴǷһʼ׷ѰƷ䡣
Ʒʱʱĳһ£ǺܿʧֱӽĸǣƵƣڱ
Ǽˣŭ֮µĸҲûзŹƷ෴ģ˸ĸֽפ콾սΧ
Щǵһν콾սи콾Ҳǵһν콾ս콾ս֮˷ǳķʡ
콾ս֮еЩ콾ģЩЩ콾ĺֻΪЩ콾Է꣬ԲŻ֮ͬá
ЩƽţвᱻԱȻؼʱ򣬾ûٹ˼ôˣһصİ߶
˾̾Щ֮ƽʱЩ˳ԱʵҲ̫࣬ϾܹЩ˵ĳԱһʱ콾֮еٮٮߣͬĴڡ
ľﵱȻ̫࣬ȻЩʱȻ˵ľˡ
Щȫ֣ԽԽĸֳ֣ԽԽѰҳƷС
˵ֿƷʯĸ߶۸ΪľҵƷ䡣
֪콾ս˵жôķˡ
һονǴֱˣ˵͵ƷʯһҾͳеƷʯ
ɲǣ޳ҲͱˣҲ֪ôģһ˹¼ҹˣȻҵôǿˣ
Χս֮ϣа˵а̫ӣһ˵вս֮ϣǺһĽɫھȻԷΧսֱʲν󣡡
а̫ӣ˵ǿǴλľ֣вս֮϶պ콾ݷĽ£׷ߣ
ۿ˵פ⣬һƥ˵פ֮оݴţǲǱˣǰǿһʱľ콾ΪĻʳºպû뵽һˣ
Ѫ¥֪ɳʲôѪ¥һ͵Լ֮⣬˭֪ɳʲô϶ǵ֮
һΣǽ޳ˣ


2117 ң
ΪƷĹϵˣĸֺʵֳ
һʱ䣬һŴųƷ˹ȥʱƣԽԽüζЩͳƷֱӵײϡ
ȻҲгƷǷֵĹϵҲţһŴԽԽ
ԽԽƷʯջ֮¼˶ԳƷ׷֮С
һ죬һۣϴżаȿЦݵ˴˵פء
ֹ
һȴһֱɨ۵ϡ
֮ǰƷϴ֮˵פز֪ҪС˶ٱ¼仹Ŀͽģڷ
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֮ǰ˵פ¶ޱȵĽţ˭Ҳ֪ʲôʱǸ޳³֣Ȼٶϴ˵פء
ǸһĿⲢûпܣ˵Ƿǳܵġ
ֻҪκп֮˵ţᱻעһвԾͻֱӶ֡
ңŸ֪޳䣡
Ļʱһ䶯
ڽ޳飬ƷʯΪץסǹڳƷϢ翣ȻʱʱгƷϢһζûϣüζǲ
˵˵ܹ֪޳ʱ˶ɵú䶯ˡ
˵ģأһ޴ıд˳һӰӹգǰ
һȴһԼĪʮģ꣬Ŀ࣬һףżϢһǴս֮ɱϵ
򣿡ң¶˼аȵЦݡ
Ҿ򣡡
Ŀǰֻ꣬¶˼Ц˵ֽңôҴû˵㣿
Ųֻһƺѣ콾ս֮콾ӽŵ꣬콾ʤһˣ֪Ҳңǰı֮£νû˿Ļš
ȻˣֻЦƺǰңáֻҪ֪Ǹ޳Ϣ㵽ʲôȤ󣡡
򲢲ϲһᵽͲòᵽȻԺ
µһŶȻԺµڶȻٲ˸ľ
ǸֱѹƵĺȻԺͬȻ޹⣬ôȥˣЩͬѾȻഺڡ
ңǷԺȻԺԨԴֻǸ޳䡣
ǽ޳һ죬Ƕˣڶڵľ޴衣
ڵľ޴裬Ƕľ޴裬һ첻ץ޳޹⡣
֪޳ϢҪƷʯ
ңĿ⾼˵
üͷ΢Ʒʯ⣬Ҫ޳ſϸ
УҪȸƷʯҲŻ˵Ϣңҡҡͷ˵Ҳ̤ʵ
вңᣬû˸вҰץסѻһԲǸ޳䣡
ĻԺ˭ҸˣṩϢ˭֪Ϊ˴ĿĲֶΣңǺЦżаȣƺѾƶᶯַ
һ粻ңĻȷʵסʹţȻڿץסңȻѻ󷨿ѳԼҪĶĻӽҲʲôˡ
ֱ˭ٸṩϢԼҲץȥѻô
Ӱ֮ӣ֮أԶԶļֵ
׿ֻ֣еһͷѣĻҲôˡ
ô֪ṩϢȷ񣿡˵ʱɱⷭӿûܹв֮󣬻ȫ˵ģѾ˴㣬һ˽ᣬҪɱǰ
ǲǳԺȻԺԲš
ܼ򵥣ҿԸһȥ鲻ԵĻǴֱӶ֣ˣұҪõʯĻҪ˵ҿҪЩʯң˶٣˵
һҧҪõʯ
룬Ҳһ취ûп޳ǾֱӴңˣҲŪ١


2118 Ĵλ
ΪȻóǰңֻСλѡ
ΪҲܹ콾սΧӣ콾սвͻ첻ȥһ֡
ǳţңζܷ˻ֻҪ룬ȫһƽң
˵ҪͽҲǲԣ㲻˵Ļұɱ㣡
ңȻóɱⲻαҪɱڴӦ˽ƷʯҲὫɱ
ҲڻüֵĻ·һ
ͽҲһҳģҽڴԵȣ˵
޲ɣǵٶÿһ㣬Ϊ֪ǽ޳Ǳ߾ȥˣʱҲˣɱң
ңеȣһģ
ܿͿˣ
˵漴źš
ǰʱҵĹ򣬺ܿ죬߾Ѿ˼ٵƿ
ɲǼ䣬һȺѾ˵ǰң̧ͷһһȺϴžаӰÿһϵаޱȵľˣҲλΪ
д󲿷ֶǱصҲмԿóһν콾ս콾֮һ
ЩһΪףһΪͷųλΪչ¶ɡ
פ֮еĽ󷨶Ǳܵı˵פظ
һۣма죬˺ڲ֮УݿԼĪŶʮ߰ģΪӢֻӢ֮дżֹȵģ
ȻǽаһֵǷ켫ĵز
аӣңǰһˣ˵
ȻΪ׵һˣֵ÷заӣһλĸ֣˵൱һΪΪǿᡣ
Ӧþа˵ˡ
Ǳӣ㾹Ȼϵñӣ
аӿңЦһ˵
˵Ǹ޳ϢģĻӻšԴ
ûУһȥ˾֪ˣ
ңаӵвϣֻǵһЦ
ʱ򣬲ԶһȺ˳֣Ϊ׵һˣȴǱˣӡ
ЩͬɢŷǳǿϢһһӲ
֮󣬼˲ңǰȵǸ޳Ϣ
Ȼʲôңüͷ΢־ɢȥͷųĿֲϢ
û뵽ǣӾȻͻƵ˴λҪ֪֮ǰõϢҲλ۷壬ȻŰʱ䣬Ȼ˴λλе֮һ
ʱңͻȻΪʲôûǲǰ飬Ϊֻһˣ㹻ˡ
漴ƲƲ죬˵˵û⣬ĻƷʯǵһֶò㻹Ҫǿߵϣ裡
ȻֻǸոͻƵλѾʼǿߵļӣλ콾սвǿеĴڡ
ΪȻҪֻСλΪң˫ͬһ֮ϡ
ôÿһ˶⣬ŵĻ߱ˣң˵ƺ˵̬ȡ
ߣʱߵĶȥԹԵĴҵȥҵǸ޳Ļڣ
ڴʱһѪɫĹâ˰֮Уһ˱㸡ңǰ
˰һѪɫ֮У˸ʲôģֻܹóѪɫӰ
һλĸ֣
ڳ˲ʹһѪɫӰϸֻܵдλܹܵĿֲϢ
Ѫ¥ĴλѦӣԲԣһ뵽ʲôһһɱڵһϯӣҳ֮󣬱Ҫնɱʧȥӣ˭֪ǸʱѾʧˣû뵽ѡԷ⵽Ҳ
ҪɱңѦЦһõĻԿˣ
ۿڳҪˣʱȴ˵λǵʲôԹʱǵĵһҪҵ޳˻飬Ҫ֮˭Ҫƻһε֣ҺаӾͰһɱ
Ҳҵɱ޳аӶ˶٣ſ˵


2119 зӿ
аԭµĿżҪˣ콾ս֮ϵ콾֮Уڷǳ
콾ս֮ϵ콾ڴӽʱڣϹʱһֱ콾
˴֮ԹӣѰ˸˴֮ԹҲûֹͣ
ټٶѵĹ֮У콾սµĶԹ˴֮гıȱȽǡ
˵ѦӣǷǳԶԸľ֣ôܾ˲
ǺܿԼһΪΣΪҪʰа˵Ľ޳
а֮еа콾޷죬ɱ˭ɱ˭˭˭ʲôʱֵǵ鷳ˣ
ǲұ˵鷳Ѿܲˣ
̾ͰҪ˫ͻܾ˵˼֧ӡ
ѦҲֻһ֪ʱǴսһʱ˫Ǵλĸֵ֣ȼĸ֣콾ս֮϶ڶĴڡ
Ҫնɱ˴ôףֻʹ̵ְ
ǺãɱǸ޳˵ҪƷʯõ֣ô
˵ͷǿͬȲڲĴս漴ͽĿתңĿ֮дżɱ⡣
ңɫȻȻҲûнеɱϡ
Ǿȸ
Ѧӻ˵ɳƣżֲɣζ
ɱ޳
аҲ˵ͷƷʯȻ࣬նɱǸ޳ĸҪƷʯ
аԺ֮Ѿ˼ƻȵնɱ˽޳֮˶Ըң˭˾˵ĲƸɱҲȻ顣
콾ս֮ϣСԭ
ȻǶǾȰƷʯҰɣ
ң¶˼Ȳ顣
˵Ŀ⿴ʱ򣬶ڿһһ㣬żƷʯңֱѰ·
ôż˵һ·ôżãֱѰ·ˣڳκһˣŹ
һСλôĸǰֱǲ֪
Ʒʯ漴һǬң
ңǬһǬȻ˭򿪶ǿԵģһɨѾȷȷʵƷʯ
¶˼ЦݣЦ˵λˬ죬ҲˬˣϾͳѪ¥ֻһǲһЩô
ѦһѪӰ֮Уãһ˱㹻ˣҽ˵ģ˶ûã
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˵ʲôӿںȵ
ûʲô˵ˣôҲˣң漴㿪˵
˵ţң̤ݹ⣬ʧ˵ǰ
ߣ
໥һۣ׷̤Ŷݹ׷ʧңķ
ͬʱԭ֣ΪôඥһõĳиҲڵõϢ
Ĵ֣ҪΧɱ޳
һʯǧˣʱ֮У޳ϢΪעĿ顣
¹Ʒʯͣмܹںġ
ǼǴλĸֶҪۺͣǽ޳ʵ̫ӣϴĸȻҲᱻ˾˵͡
˷һѰҽ޳䣬Ϊ˻ƷʯĽ͡
˭֪ڱ֪Ѿõ˽޳ϢȥѰҽ޳䡣
˶ʱˣȻڵһʱѾ˾׷׷ȥҪ޳նɱĳ棬ѵһĴ档
Ĵּ֣ǺεȺ֮¡
פ֮УɵҲǵһʱõϢ
ʲôҵ˽޳ˣ𾪵˵
࣬˵ĴʵҪѰһˣ̺ʽ콾սĻѰҵҲֻʱ⣬ֻû뵽Ȼô죡
汻ҵ˵Ļǽ޳ˣǸϽ취֪ͨϽߣɿ˵
ô֪ͨһϵķʽûǷǣǸûпϵ
ҡҡͷ˵
ϹȥȻĴֵΧ֮£㽣޳ͷҲһվһһϣĻһϣܹһΪģרŶҲˣ
æ˵ͷǽ޳ȹΪȻӲ
̶֮󣬼̱̤Ŷݹʧʡ


2120 
Ϊ޳ҵϢڳмһƬ񳱡
˳źۼֱ׷һĸĸֶȥ˸иԵ뷨νǸ̥иĴ㡣
һѾһһƬɽ֮С
деɽڣľֲʮֵïʢһһôֱʡ
˵޳ͶһƬɽ֮Уͣ˶ݹ֮Ӳɵü˵
ɽ֮дżɱ⣬֮ǰʸһشЩͿʵΪܹרʥҩѾ
Ȼ֮ʥҩҩɹ˴λ磬һٳΪ콾սϾս
˵Ȼһܴ裬¶ֵ˽лʸƣҲ˿Ӱ졣
ֻԼͻʸƵʵ໹ѵ֪ģһԼ׷콾ͶҪâʱĿֲڡ
˴λֲֿĴڣȻһȻʸƵһס
еһжԹᵽ˽޳ϣĽ޳ôܵ衣
뵽еɱϼ֡
һƬɽ֮ˣ֮ǰ֪˭شˣһֱҲзֵģң˵ͷ˵
ôе壬ĵط̫ʺϲˣ
ʱһῡܿ˵ž˵裬ǿһۣ͸оĵλò̫ˣ˵̫ʺϲˡ
ĵطɲֵطû˺첼óΪ󷨣쳤ؾõݱ֮ҲлݱȻ󷨣Ǹʱ򣬲졣
壿аЦһ˵ʲôôҵʲôܹ˵ǣ
аѹûнν˵ԼʵŽ̬ţ콾ѷɫκˣһΪǾ춯ء
겻ȥа˵
һҲȷʵˣ콾ս֮ϣʵձ鲻ˡ
һ콾м˾Լȱ˸
ÿһԼ˫ŻὫԼԷԴ·ǳĻ
ôĸڴˣ˸ʲôıҲܵóѡ
ھԵʵǰʲôıƶʵ̫ˡ
ܺãѣһҪǸ޳ҵ
һ£ʱ󣬺ܶ˵ĸѾʼ
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ץסҪˣ
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аӱа˵ĸҲ׷׿ʼ
ЩһҲλĸ֣Сλĸָû
֮ǰ޳ֵսԿóѾԽСλ磬λ磬СλĸҲ·һ
һΣ˶޼˳Ʒ޲ýʬΣÿһ˾ĸ֡
˵жң¶˼Цֿʼӡ
ڸʲôһңĶæһ
ңû˿ͣͣǼӿеӡܿ죬ܱߣԭﻨ㣬деɽ˲ˡ
һɹɿֲɱɽ֮ͷ˳޾ɱɽȵϷ
󣬺
ãɱ
аӵһӦ˹ҪɱƷɫһƬͨ졣
Ϊͼʶο˱˵֮Уɽȶ󷨵һ֡
뵽֮ǰĵĲں壬ֱǳĴĻո˵ʱ򣬾ͺݺݴ
ʱаӼֱգܻһӦҪɱң
Ȼʱﻹüңһ˸Ѿʮ֮⣬߸ߵķ֮ϣ֮ǰڣʱѾɵ˵ˡ
㵽ʲôˣ˵ʱɵҲѾ˲ԣͷβһ壬ΪľǽȻ󷨽ɱ
ǶѾܹĵмİš
ΪʲôҪ޳Ըǣ֪ҵʲôǣ㽫粽У˵
ҲʲôͷڣǹŴ콾ҲһԷĵطᱻҵŶ𣬲Ҫ󣡡˵֮в
ʵϣⲢвϹţЩţ˷פأǺܾܿ·һȫû


2121 Ըǣ´
飬żŷ飬෴ģ鷢Ρ
ЩԷ콾඼ӡ˺ܶ꣬ӡӡǵŻ߼ѾˣʣµĻϾǹ¼ҹˡ
˵ѾĴ֮أԴͲƸŵĴе伮С
˾ϲѰЩѾ˵ŵפأһ˵Щ콾ҲӡЩط
ԹЩŴŵפرѰҵȻ֮ıǴĸִɱУϷеԴͲƸеĴе伮طͳͳӶһա
ڹŴ콾˵첻µز£µľϳ
ͬڴĻʳʮţʮʵǿ󣬸ƣڴĻʳ֮иһ죬ӵĿֲ
Щ콾ȫԷʮĺĵشܵκɧš
һĻʳʮ군пܵв
콾ӡŷӡţڵžѾ군ˡ
Щ콾Է⣬ҪԴδĳ·֮⣬ҲйŴĺ֣ŸЩ콾Ǹ˵ӡ
˵Щ콾ϼŹŴŸţΰʱϣ
£ЩŴ콾Ҳѡǿʢ࿹⣬ΪһЩŭֱӽǵϳôǾˣΪ޸֮Ƽ·
Ҳ˭㲻ҽͣһа˵ҲûаЦݣһаӵģ
ɱ
ѦӸǼ򵥣һѪɫӰ֮Уֻôһ֣Ǿɱ֡

ңЦǵڻôҪҵĽ޳ô
أĿ֮£ңʹ޵ҧгݵĽ޳
˶ˣһʼһ޴ޱȵ壬һǽ塣
һʼûνңѹǽ޳ٰģĿԣΪ˽ͳͳɱ
ǺôֱʣôҰģ
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ʱѾˣΪʲôղųƷ˵Ѫ¥ֻѦһˣ̫ϧˡ
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ѦҲ뵽ЩѪӰ֮֮Ҳͬɫ࣬û˸ССѪ¥ֱд
޳ǳƷֻǵЦţǰЩˣԼЩʱղ֮󣬾취Щ
֮ҪٰңƭǽȻΪƷʯôƷʯҲ۲ĺܡ
ôƷʯΪ㹻һˡ
ʵԶͬĸ֣ȻҪԴҲԶͬĸ֣Ʒʯνǽȼü֮
ͬɵңװһ̰ƵӣҲΪǸԼĸ֡
ЩʲôȻƷ޷֮취ɱԼûƷʯ
ʱҲٸҵֿʧһá
ôҲû뵽ңǽ޳ҲǳƷ
Ψһ©ĵطĵط
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ƷһƵֶΣڽЩֶˣ֮С
㾹Ȼǰǹ죡
а˵
ĻôԹԵĽҵأ
ƷЦЦ˵ûԳܹһѾܲˡ
ĻǸһģϧʵ̫ˣҲжô֣ôֻҪɱ㣬һоͶˣ
أƷĶߴһɳƵȴһѪɫâֱӺɨգͱ˳Ʒ֮УѦӶˡ
أ
Ʒ嵱ɢȻһѹͲǱ
Ϊһ᲻һô̫ˣ
ʱɽ⣬˳ƷĴЦ
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Ʒ˫ֲϱţһӡĲͬӡʼתɲǼ䣬Ѿ޾Ļ磬Ǿ˵ɱŰ
Щ˵ɱ⾹Ȼʼʵ廯ȻƯڰ֮УЩѾλλĿֲֶоһּҪϢĸо
Ȼֻһ򻯵İ汾Ըǣ´ˣ


2122 Ѫɱ
ƷԹЩˣΪ֣գȻаԱټҲܹĦЩ˵˼Σϵûеôߡ
ˣð˺ܴķգΪľǽЩ˳׺ɱüʹ顣
дλĸ֣λмκһ˵ǲ׾ٵľӵ
˿Ʒƶӣʱ΢΢һ䣬λףӦþǳƷصˡ
ܹóƷƶܹԸǵǵС
̶̵ʱ֮У֮ѾǷƱɫѾһƬ磬·ص˿ٵ֮ǰһƬ磬ããµӡ
ǿֲɱѾʵ壬ڰ֮Ѳ·һȺŵѪ㣬ĿʼϮɱ
ɲǼ䣬мλĸֲɱ֮С
һ֣ս󣬿ҾͲһֱֹתȥȵǵõϢԸɱʱаӴһЩǱʵ廯ɱı֮£ԵмǱûǱڱƷƵϣôûŭֱŭա
ȻʱҲ̵ɱԶԶ˵Щʵ廯ɱȻһһпֲĹ
ÿһʵ廯ɱ⣬ƺ̺ĳһ־С
аӵ˸ЩƵķ֣ɱ֮ǰδ˵˵˽еȱˡ
Ψһİ취ֻӲתʱ䣬ĴҪתĵԴҲǼΪֲģǱȻ֧֣Ļ֧ŵ̫á
Ҳ׷׵˵ͷʼս󣬲֮ǰжôĲϣǰһжǸơ
Ʒаôͷ㣬Ҳ⣬ϾȻвͬǶйͬģǵļʶܹʶһ㲢֡
ܹʶܹ⣬¡
ǰǲ쳤ؾõȥɱǹˣ
˵ţƷӡԪɴתٶԽԽ죬Щɱ⸡ֳһֲ־ϵĺаӵɵĴ
аӵˣаӣӣѦΪףΪ۵Ĵͼ
ʲôɱ󣿡˺ܿ𾪵ķ֣ԪɴתԽԽ֮һֲɱ⣬ȻݻΡ
Щα󣬾Ȼһǿ֡
Щֱɱս󣬾Ȼݻ˲ͬĹ˷ս
ۣ
֮УǳոͻƵλһѪ˳֮Уأһŵģ
ƺȫţЩɱȻܹݻͬ֡
ɱȻܹؼȡǿߵӡǣЩǿߵӡǸգӶʵĳһ̶ֳϽЩǿǰһ
𾪵˵ԭҲûôԪɴһɱѣڵɱͬ¡
Ȼڵɱǰɱȣֱͬն
ǰɱȻܹ콾սһЧ콾ս֮ϵЩӢӱ˵Ӳô
ЩĸǵӡǱǿиգ콾սҹĻ֮Уգ齨ǵ
ǰɱЧҲģֻЩյĸֵӡǸӿֲ
ۿɼľиָĹ๥ַδţδǼΪϵǰĹַ
͵ϵȫһ
𾪵ʱ򶼲֪ⲻֻǻԪɴ汾ˣܹңԶǰЩĻߵӡٻȻΪá
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ֻһΣԪɴ£ʱƣϹŵĴڣѾˡ
ǸͲ֪Ԫɴ
ͣ
һλľһѪڵֵסһֱѪ
һɱ⻯Ӱһؿڣ׽
ⲻֻǿͷѣ˱նɱԽԽλľҲʼֵס׷ѪɱǵʬҲƷսɽͼС
ͬʱЩ׷аӵ˶ĳеĸĸҲѾϵս
ս֮˶ˣˡ
֮и׾ٵץס޳ɱ޳ȫͬģĸ־Ȼ޳ɱУѱ


2123 ĳƷ±ƵȺ
˶ĿɿڴĿһĻȫȫĲͬζûĽ
ǿƣĿãǷͬȻҲͬʱĸȻ
Ȼ޳ˣ˿޳Ψһıͬһϵ׷һֱ׷һΪֹ
Ͼ۴κһǶ޳߱
ȻʵȴݺݸһƣΪȲʤȯĸĸȴΪֻͬɥ֮ȮһĴӴܵĽ޳ɱ֮С
ʲôɱôû˵ֲֿɱ󣡡
ƴԼ֮йս˽⣬Щ֮඼ѹһʱľ콾ǵļŵȻһܹȵϵġˣǻǸоԼһ񣬲ûܹԼҪõϢ
ɱĿֲҲӹɣôλλĸ֣ԶԶǵĽ޳ɱ֮С
ǸôһСʱ䣬ǾѾλĸֱɱնɱ
ɱڣչ¶ɽһǡ
⽣޳Բǵǹƥϵɢޣ϶дУ
˵Ժ֮жɵðͷȻϹŵ֮Ҳ֪ȥ˶꣬ж㲻
ó󷨴ĴоͲ֪ж٣Ҫ֪޳ʲôĴ棬Ǹܵ飬޴֡
Ȼȴ֪ɱĿֲƶϽ޳õĴУֻ¾Բ򵥡
˸Ǻ棬κ;ͽ
޳ѵһսûУֻҽսôʱһڸɱ⻯ĸֵĽ֮£νǿ಻ԡ
Щɱ⻯ĸ֣ʷ˺պľ֣Բܹ֮ԼӡǣܹԪɴա
Ȼֻʣһʶ壬ɿֲֻʣս־ں
Ϊֲġ
ȥɱ֮С
ʱΨмŭƷȳƷ³ΨһĻᡣ
ΨһܹɱƷĻᣡ
һɱ˳ƷȻֹͣת˶óάϵȫڳƷϣƣսȻֹͣת
ȻĻãҪץסĻᡣ
֪ҪʩչҾԸ
һߣƷЦһ֮˸ս⡣
ȻǱĻŭôױŭĻҲ̫Сˡ
Ϊע⵽ŴתԽԽ죬ɱԽԽͬʱԴٶԽԽ죬ȥٶȣò˶ãͻֹͣתǸʱ򣬾͹һߡ
ԳƷò³
ĻܹԶԶĿǱĥΪ׵İ취ʱνֵɵˣŻᱻ򵥵ļ

һ֮ϬĹâֻҪ޳γһͿԺɱһ
ֻҪץסһĻᣬ¾ôһ˲䣬Ծʤ
ǸʱȻֹͣ
֪ƷΪʲôҪ³Ȼ²ĳתҪ̫ԴƷһֱȥȻȴҶԼܼܲȥ
аӵ˵ʱҲ۾һ뵽ͬ飬׷׿ʼĬİЩɱݻһֵ塣
ܹڳԸƷ
ˣ
Ʒһһ䣬ֱӼս֮С
һž޴֮ץУһڳìì֮кɨ˺ҹյĵһ֣˲ͺɱһλӢĴ֮С
λӢĴըѿ֮ǰһȫĿӣû뵽Ʒս֮󣬵һʱȻ֡
˵Ҫô
Ʒͻĳ֣һеһλӢʱ֮е˸һ
֮ҲһƷͻȻչֳͨλӢ֮ϵ𾪣Ͼմе鱨ƷӦýֻǳλսŶԡ
ȻƷĳֱ֣Ǻɨλ
漴ȫ飬ȫû뵽˶ΪƷսǺսʱȻҾɱЩλľӢ
ЩλĸֻżΪǿʵǲöԸЩλĸ־ͺöԸĶˡ
ʰЩλľӢ
ʵ̫ˣ


2124 ɱ¾ͳͳҵĥʯ
Ȼֲ˿˳Ʒս֮Ҳֻʣ뷨ȻĲֱҪ̫
һֱڵȴŸƷһɵˣƺҲû뵽ԼӱƷˡ
޳Сˣбһս
漴һŭֲķ֮зϯ
ڴλĿֲѹʱȫȫͷ˳ʱµڷŭȻҲλ۷Ϊ
Ψܹ֧ŵкս
һ־ս⣬ʱȻһɽӵƣֱӺƷ
Ʒ˲һӶ㿪˴һߣֻĮ˵ֵģؼǰ
ҪٶɱƷʱǰɱ⻯ǿߣԼԼӰ赲ǰ֮ͬһ㡣
ƷȻ֪Ѿ˴λȻڵܹԸ˵ġ
ƷҲԱѡ
ҲֱӳɱһλӢǰֱһȭλľӢմ򱬡
λľӢڿ֧ţųƷս֣֧Ųס˲
һɱ֮󣬳ƷѪߣȻͣҲֱͣӳɱһλľӢ
ʱЩλľӢΣƷɱ¾ģҲǵУȻס
ƷܺܺõʰЩλĸ֣ʰǣǻǴ´ġ
Ʒٶ̫ˣڴ֮˼ǿƷһ˸ոһͷոȥûã֮ڸλӢѾնɱһա
ÿֲ˲ɵõһ۴ʱվڳƷһߣվĴߣʱƷľɱ¾ˡ
ЩɶλľӢκһʵΪ콾սⲿʵʸˡ
ȴͬһնɱˣλ۷ľӢȻǵΪӲɱ⻯ĸֵĲϹ֮£Ѿܴ
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νޱȵı
µײǱȻô
ȻĲпᣡ
ûʲôƽЩΧƷһҲûҪʲôƽ
ˣȻǽս֮ǳƷľսǻ˵һϿɡ
ȻزǰûУ̫֮ˣԶɺҲȺϵ⾪һս
ɵʮڳƷľʵ
ɣȻδƷʵߣȻȴܹоĳƷʵԲһ㡣
֮УʵȻҲвСԭĳСλѾ뵽СλڣĽν죬ͳƷĽС׼ˡ
˸Ƿ֣ɱ¾ĲϽгƷĮ·ʧȥ˸һ㣬ɱ¾ı׼ͬʱϵϢȻǿ

ͻȻƺ˵ʲô
ĻʱҲˣ˸Ƿ·˹һҵս֮УƷȻ˶״̬
ҪǣƷʱ򣬾ȻûʧȥսҲû˳սԪɴĥ
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ã
ʱһķͷſͬǻһ㣬ǧеĺƸһ㡣
˲䣬µ˺һһ㣬һڴ󵶺ն˳Ʒ
һ־ս⣬Ҫս
ƷĮ֮û˸飬ΨĮơ
˵Ĳ²ǰ㣬Ʒֱһȭȥ
¡
һֲײ˫ݺײһ
Ʒ˺üѪҲ˺ۣɱ⻯ĸµġ
һƷһڳ֡
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Ʒ֮ٶɱȥ
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˫ͬʱشƷѪ࣬µսҲѪۡ
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Ʒɱٶȸ죬һȭʤһȭһսԡѪս
һȭ㣡
Ʒһͬһսɱ


2125 ɱ
ƷԡѪսѾ̫ûĴսˣͬ콾һ֮УΨʵԶԶǿľţԡѪ
ģҲԼģ
˻Ԫɴǣƣûа취ӳȫʵȻƷܾˡ
Ȼ֣Ʒϵһ˵ٶȻָֻҪԼֲˣͻ˵һߣָһϵƾͻָ߰˰ˡ
Ȼ¼սţ
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ǷӰɣһǸӰɣ
أս֮⣬˿˵
ͬǼ˹һ
ǿǴλĸ֣ȻҳŴλĸֻȭǷʲô˴һ
ڳĺܶˣСλĸ֣λײ㣬λλ㣬Ȼףλζʲô
ֻսನԽشǱնɱ
ѰڴλĸǰѾʧȥãֵȼĸ֣νݣ档
Դλĸֻ֣һȭ飬һȭԴһȺ
ƷսȻǷǳˣǱɽֻСλѣλսԴλĸһ
ƷѪ˾֤
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һСģƷҲܻ£ƷȻһȭ
ѾǾ޷ˣ
˼ֲ飬Ҳǿ߻ȭǱƵ˾·ǿܲ׳ԡ
еûУǺʤ㣬Ψ·һĵ·
⼸λĸĥ
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Ǽ㿴óӵ˼ûж١
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һƥȻֻѣʵҲһһǿơ
ڳ˿ûһסһƥһż̤ģһγײײһѰλĸ֡
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Ʒ֮𽥻ָΪѾͻƵһ磬Сλ۷塣
뵽֮󣬳Ʒʵֱ˷츲صı仯һλ۷ľ磬֮жǺɨ޵С
һƥλ۷ĸ֮У֮ģλ콾ȻǱƷһȭ
֪ڵĳƷжôˡ
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㾹Ȼң
˫һӱͨ죬֮б޾ɱ⣬ƷȻɱµ
ŭһ˲䱬ȫ±˿ֲĻ˾ս⣬ϱսҲڷڣǿ˸оѹ֡
ֵһ㣬׽˻Ҫ׽ңԶԷ⵽ڣѾûʲôѣΨһƥǸңԶļ֤
һͷѣΣֵˣƷĮĻӦոͻƵСλ۷壬ƿشﵽһǷ켫ĵز
ֵˣǿ֮ĩҲҳۣ
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ƷĻ𾪣ǿƣľ콾֮жǺպģȻȴƷӣС
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


2126 Ѧս
𾪣ĿɿڴĿǰһĻȻһȭᴩȫըѿ
Žν콾սºպĿֲȻȥˡ
ôܣôģ
ֻȫȫĲ˼飬Ѿܹܵļޡ
λĸСλУ¼仹бӻô
ǰˣϵİ˸ûʱƣһֱڲϵĻ۵Уֻ֮ǰԾǿƵĹѹţڱƷһȭᴩ֮ѹƲסѶ껿ǰһĻ鵭Ȼ˵
ͬޱȵ𺳣ΪԶʤڳЩ֣ȻܹóΪʲô
ԪɴشһֱڣֻǱǿѹסˣʵƾ뱬Ҳֻǲѹյһݶѡ
Ʒһȭһݡ
ȻƷһģĻҲ˵ǿ֮ĩĻ
˵жϣԱ߹ǿҪľƾѾܳˣһսһ߻ܹЩֱǸ
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ʱ˲Ϊʲôղûж㿪ΪƳƷ϶ƴƷȻԽͬģҲԽƷ
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һˣĺǶԱ˺ݣԼҲݵģ
𾪣ôλĸĥҲǷӲܹ뵽ļƻ
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Ķ棬ƷͬϵڿѪ˫ս


2127 ͳͳĻ
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ӵ֮˼ֺµ飬֣ҲͬӾţ߸ϵֺ֮
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ڲϵȼԼķȼԼĵâһһӾˣֱǧ֮ߡ
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аһݣͫ΢΢
ͳƷ֮ǰɱһֶΣϵƣԼ
۷״̬Ȼ޾ƷúµӦóƷŶԣȻѾ۷壬ϵƲϵĵӣֻǵĹӿֲܹѹסѡ
һƣĳ·һ֮⣬޿ܡ
˼֮ʣƷѾӵ֮ǰѦԼʬһץһѪˮ֮С
ͬʱɽͼ֮Уӿ뱦ҩɽУڵʱһ˵ٶγɡ
ƷҲûκγɣͬɱаӡ
ȵľ㣡
һɲǼ䣬аеа͵һնһɵĿֲǺľѪһһ֮ͷѾһ롣
ҲҪһᣬ
аӹЦȻȼȻȴޱȵĳ죬ʱҲҪƷһ
ȻĵâгƷʱ򣬳ƷѾʧ˻Ԫɴ֮С
һ˲䣬ƷٶȳֵʱѾаӵǰ׾ٵȡ
аӣ


2128 콾ս
ôܶù
а֮͸¶ϢһѾ˺ܾã֪Ʒ϶ŹԼѾҪеϣһϡ
ȼһű˵һֻҪնУƷɡ
ǳԽ˴λʵпܡ
Ʒ俴ϵаӣȼһ֮ѾޱȵĴƷ׵ȡ
ĵһӮˣԻԪɴдϣȻʧأܺùȥ
ȻƷȴ׾ٵĻеϣ
ƷҲмֺ£ҿؼʱɽͼĿռ䣬һâȻֲȴҲκβɽͼ
ĻаӵޣԲСκˣп﷭
λĸΪС﷭ղǡöɽͼĿռҲޡ
һλĸ֣ȼһһжôĿֲӹɣԪɴ
Ʒһմϣ·һ
ҲΪԪɴҲѾǿ֮ĩԳƷҰڳĴѾɽˮ
Щĵر̺֮ҲѾĵĲ࣬ڳƷնɱа֮󣬰󷨸صĵر׷׻촷ۣʧ١
Ҳ֮лΪУ¶һƬǽɽս
սһƬǽ壬·𱻼öըһѾ廯֪⵽˺εȿֲĹ
˾̾ڴ˵ʱ򣬳Ʒ̤Ŷݹʧʡ
˼̾ӿɽ֮УˣҪ鿴Ԫɴµĺۼ
ͼͨЩۼܹԭôһֲ
ԪɴĿֲҲĿãƷСλľ粼µԪɴȻܹôλĸֶꪳɳ
ǺεȾ˵ս
Դڶ࣬ڳƷĶ˵ܻһ⣬ЩվһӴ콾˵ⱾͲһ⡣
󷨵˶ܹõ߲ȫ棬ܹȫĻᾪ춯ء
ܿ죬ϾͶ¶˼Ƶ飬ΪȫһǸʲôŵ
ǵļʶ޷󷨵ĲʽƷûнЩò˵ĵرߣҲ޷⡣
Ͼ𾪹һʱĿֲȻ棬Ҳһܹ˵ġ
ǳƷûİûеʼİҲܹĴ
󷨾ԲͼͿԲõĳģĻʦҲϡȱˣʦҪϡȱ
ΪҪʵʵµĴֻǶһɽ壬ͻòúõĴ󹦿һ
ֻб󷨳͸ˣпʩչĳ
⿴ܹöĻԪɴҲͲϹ֮һˡ
⽣޳Ǻһս֮󣬿콾սҪ
콾սΧյ㣬Ӧúܿ콾սвǲ콾սĵط
콾սвĻͿ϶Źܹô
۷׷֮ʣһսĽȴһ̵ʱڣ콾ս֮д˿
ʲô޳նĴλ
Ϣһ콾սΪ֮䶯ǿǴλĸ֣콾ս֮ϣλһ֮һ
˵վ콾սλϵĴڡ
κһ콾սⲿ콾սⲿ޾Ĳ룬֪ʲô飬Żôĸֳ֡
ȻڣǿĴλĸȴ콾սⲿ֪콾ս֮е𶯡
󣬸Ϣ¶һ֪ƷնǿĴλټһȺλĸ֡
ν죡
˲ɵϢ󷨣Ʒ˾ٻ˶о󱳷
ƷĴ˶Ϊɣһʱȴ֮ûĴӴܣ෴ģǰȦףһɱĴ֡
ֶΣ׺־콾ɵõ
Ϣ֮Ĵ˼һӶŭˣǻδƹ
˵ûĴĴ֮󣬻ܹúõĴ
һʱ䣬Ĵֳ콾սΧѰ˳Ʒ䡣
Ȼڲǰȴ˿ƷӰգ콾սв


2129 Ҫʮ
콾սвһ콾֮ȴɵõĵط
ΪҲ̤㣬Ȼž˵츳ҲǷʣ˵ǿܳ˲Ŷ
콾սвȴ츳ͿԻȥģ˵ֻλϵľŸҽ콾սвǿԱ
Ϊ콾սвڳɹģĴͳǳأûпԶܵĵطټϣ콾սвҹĻ֮ӾˣиյĹŴ콾Ӣӿ£ԶԶ콾սⲿ
˵ûأ콾Ҳ⣬ǳɳλ磬Ҳ̤㡣
ολ콾սвҲֻǿӵԱ֮ѡ
ȻԳƷֳʵ˲ӵн콾սвʵȻȴܹ棬Ͼȫͬġ
ʱ뿪콾ս̤콾սвҾ϶һ޴ޱȵĴǿ콾սвܹĵط
콾սв֮и̫ˣҲΧȫͬսﲢڣɱ̫̫ˣ
˵Ѿ˾ͣͶ뿪콾սĵǰвΪľɱ
ֹǾͣΪ̫߰콾ʾ콾սвֱ
۷׷ףƷ֪ЩѾ콾սвʱҹĻ١
ĺҹ֮޾ЩΪ˿ֲ콾Ӣ飬ǵأ޾ɱ˹
ЩӢ飬ҲӵСλ۷Ϊм仹λ콾Ӣ飬ܹûһеĿֲݡ
һƬɽ֮Уһͷ޴ޱȵĺ۶ӥ쳤Хϵʩչ˵ͨķ籩𣬻һȺһȺ콾Ӣ顣
߲ԶƷޱĿǰһС
۶ӥȻսѪڷڣȴʮֵңȻһ̵ܹһȺ콾Ӣ飬ȴи콾Ӣɱ
λľ綼ĻѪޱȣҺˡ
ʱ䣬ڳƷָ֮ºҩ߶֮£۶ӥ˳λڣ𵱳ոͻƵʱǿһ
ǼˣҵսĻˡ
ƷǲЩú۶ӥ޾ս֮ĥ¼м˳Խ۶ӥܹԸĸ֣ŻԳ֡
ִ࣬ÿһΣܹ׼Ҫ콾Ӣ֮ųԽλϵĴڣҲ޷Ժ۶ӥ˿в
콾սв֮󣬳Ʒŷ֣ΧĲͬսʵ̫Ƶˡ
ûһУһŵܹõ
ֻս޾սֱЩ콾Ӣĥôٴ츳Ҳûκôġ
Щ콾ӢǰҲЩ콾֮еһô
Ҫʮ
۶ӥһʱѾսгƷԱ߻޹˼ɣ¾콾ӢУƵ·
Ǿľ·֮ϵɱ伺һһоѪԽԽֲ
ĲƬĳ֮УһĽɫë˳
Ѫڲɱ֤ĳɳεԾǨ󷨱һַţЩҲܹ죬üΪֲ
һͷ۶ӥ˳Ʒݻ֮󣬳ˣһ˵ӣһѪȫԼģмֿЦ
ͬʱƷҲվסˣͬսţҲͬЩ콾ӢŰΧסˣͺ۶ӥԡѪսͬսɶˡ
һȭȥͿԺһȺ콾Ӣ飬ϵգΪá
ƷܹоķһһڱǿȻⲢ࣬ǶޱߵĳƷ˵ıǿٶȿν
ʱƷף콾սΧв£콾սвûκ·ΨѪս
޾ĥܹЩ콾̵ʱоͻƵΨһ취
ѹ־ڶ̶֮ڣΪͻͽĵطС˵ǵǶڳƷ˵ȴʥء
ƷĶֿɱȺ۶ӥĶҪǿ̫ˣҲλڣλ۷ϵĴڡ
Ʒ˿޾壬ϵĽ򱬣Ͷ֮䣬һʦ緶
ҪһƬսϵĥΪһλ硣
ǸʱľֽһԾʵͬˣֱλ


2130 һȭɱλ۷
һ˴λս콾ս֮ϣһУҡ
ǸʱܿԶϾͶη壡
ڣҲҪ޾սԼڴĸ
콾սΪʲôô콾֮ͣҹĻֵ֮콾Ӣ飬˿ʲôв
෴ĥõĥʯ
콾ս֮ϣ£㵽Ķôͬȼĸĥ
Ҫ֪콾Ҳ޾ģǱˣܹ֧ŵ޾ģս
Ψ콾ս֮ϣܹ飬ÿһ˶ͬ˵Ĵսһ㡣
Щ콾Ӣ˻Ը޾ͬʱǵΪã˵ǰδеĺûᡣ
ÿ콾սʱ򣬾ͻ콾ðΣս콾ս֮С
˶ǧѷĻᣬˣȫȫˡ
ڳƷЩ޾콾ӢսʱأԶһƿնͬһŻһ㣬֮Щ콾Ӣ׷ըѿΪޱߵһŻա
Ƭ̼䣬һŻѾ˳Ʒǰһͷ޴ޱȵĻʨ
һͷʨеëһһŵĻ棬ʣɢͬһɽһ㡣
ͭһ޴۾Ķס˳ƷԣǸΪĽ޳ô
ұǣ
Ʒ䵭Ŀǰһͷʨλ۷ĴڣϵϢԶԶȳƷ֮ǰλ۷ĸҪǿü
ͬľ磬һͷʨʵǿϺüǷʵĿ¡
֮зʣ֮ͬзʺͷʵ˵
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ǺεºܣܹĶң
һͷʨ˵
˵ǿɱ֤
һͷʨ֮дżְȻ˲ûܹ붯
׷ɱƷֻһĿģնɱƷѹԼͻƵλ
λҲֻһ֮ңѰĥѾļˣͻƣ֪ҪѶʱ䡣
ֻһɣѾ㹻ˣ
ʵϣս֮ϣѰҳƷ˻ܶ࣬Զֻһѡ
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Ʒޱ飬ǳһĨЦһͷʨĿУƷѾ콾սв콾սΧȫȫ
콾սΧμ˴֮оежԣǵв׽֡
ǵжԴﵽһĳ̶ȣĻǷ˺Ѿһ̶ȵᱣల£оľơ
Ϊ콾սΧ콾˵ԴĻõأ콾ȶԴĵط
ҲǺڵĴӪ
Ļ콾սвͺĵ˵൱ƽˣ콾սвȣС׼ס
ûоԵϸһ㶼׶֡
Ȼ콾սвһͷʨֻΪͻƣǧټƵѰҪɱ
һǿʳ磡
е콾¾ǰֻΪԼʵӮ֤Ļᡣ
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𣡡
һͷʨ쳤ХȫĻ˲䱬ҽһ㣬ɲǼ䣬ضһƬ𺣣콾ӢɲǼ䱻ճޡ
ˣ
۶ӥҽˣϵƬëյһ룬ֻǰһ֣Ͳ㱻չϵë
Щ潫ҪƷǰʱȴһ˵Ľи˿
ʱڳûˣԳƷԺԥʩչѧڽ޳ݵľѧ
ؾʱһͷ޴ޱȵĻʨѾ
ضɽҡƬɽ𶯣·һ类̤ıһ㡣
ƷǿҲָȭֲȭϷ˿γɿֲѪ
˲ȭ
Ʒһȭɰ˲˲һͷʨϵĻ磬һȭ˻ʨؿڡ
ͣ
һͷʨѪѪϵĻһ˲Ϩ𣬱һȭ顣
ô
һͷʨ޴۾֮أȫ޷ţֻһҪ뵽˴λ磬ô˲һ
Ʒһ赲ס
ȴлҪֲʮ


2131 һʱ⣬ս
⣬ǳƷս
Խ޳ݳֵʱ򣬻Ҫ̫ˣ
Ʒûκεı仯նɱһͷʨѣʵ޷նɱʨǾгˡ
ʨĻҲȼеս⣬콾ս֮ϣ콾ʮ򣬵Ȼ˶ֻǷʣ϶Ǳŷʡ
ЩʣǳƷĿ꣡
ڽǾҲڽԳƷٶȱҪ죬п׷ϵϣԽ͡
һһսԼһǳõİ취Щ콾ҲԴΪǰ̨ˡ
콾սڲս;ҲޱȵļңѰ콾ֻҪķݡ
Ʒֻоһ޴Ƴ콾ĹƳ棬ܹĶǳ֮춯صĴڡ
һ¼콾ɣ
ƷѾ¶˾ģ漴ͶޱҹĻս֮С
ʱҴңգۼƷѾ콾սвгһ꣬һʱ֮УƷ콾սвĲпᡣ
ʮ콾ͬʱգǺεȾ˵ĳ棬ֻһܹ콾սвҲһʮ־˵֡
һ֮УƷֻԴԴϵսѪƮҡûһ첻սС
ԽսƷԽܹ⣬սжôĲпᡣ
ûй̶ˣ콾콾콾뺣콾콾콾콾ս콾콾սݡ
սֹݣ¸֮䣬ȱ໥֮
Ѿһŵ콾սвԣ콾սΧĺƽ֮ء
Ʒʱܹ֪ĸպϢս֮ϣĳʱضݡ
˶ڽɱ˴ĥ¼ĵ˶ֵסնɱ
Ҳ˼ֲסҪޱߵսˣֻ˳콾սвĴս˵콾սⲿ
˼ֲסڳɵ·ϣΪ˳ѵĵʯ֮⣬Ҳвٵѣλ콾սвУǰ콾սĺĵش
ӭ콾ս֮ϿĿ飬ҲԾǰɱ䣬ҲӲпᣬӼҡ
类˾̾ʮȻﶼҪɱһķʣͬ·ߵһ·߶ûᡣ
һʱ֮УƷҲȵ˵ʵ̫ˡ
һʱ֮УǱеǿ߾ͳ٣ĺ֮֮УʣǶһݵġ
һĴսҲóƷ׵춨Բǰ㣬ԼмȻ͸Ƽ˵Ĳ֮ˡ
˿ƷǱλΪһ콾֮ϵľ
һսҲûκˮ֣ԼһȭһŵĴġ
һʼʱ򣬳ƷԱȽλ֣ɱλڣǺڵĸ֮
̶ʱѾȵ֮ǰ콾սϵλ콾ҪҳƷ鷳Ʒĥ¼ҲвˣҪɱƷȻ򼸴͡
ϾѾһǧƷʯ콾ս֮ϵ֮УȻⲢߵģǧ򼶱ͽ֮УƷʵ͵ģҲ״ɵġ
ЩҲһ
Ĵ˶ڳƷ׷ɱûֹͣһһ콾սвһĴ˶ԳƷ׷ɱ
һһ˵ĴսƷԡѪսԽɱԽ࣬ɱ󣬳Ʒ壬嵨鷳ģͳͳɱˡ
ЩҪĥ¼ˣϡ
֮ʢνֱ׷ͬ콾սв˺պľ͡
ȵڣҼΧ׷ˣλ۷壬дλĸִ콾սĵشأͼɱƷ
ҲвǺͳƷʲôԹֻųƷ㹻ǿ󣬱սġ
ǿͬƷҲԡѪ
ЩΪɱƷνþһеİ취ıƲ˵дλĸּ׷ɱ
ƷɻԪɴɱλλҲֻǽɻԪɴλĸֻвСĲࡣ
ЩˣûһǺǵģƷֻԡѪս֮ս˵ս
˿֮󣬳ƷֻҪΪ֪ʲôʱ򣬾ͻ﷭콾սв
ȻƷȴ˶ӵ֮


2132 ɨս
еԭΨгƷԼ֪ȣȱ̫ˣмʮĿհڣȻʮʱ֮ʵҲ˵վҪˡ
ĸȻι̣Ҫӵι̣δԲһ˿һĲȷ
һʱ֮УִսΪ˹ԼĸԵȻѡ뿪ˡ
Ʒûżλ磬ĸоԼĴԲˣʱλͲҪǿгͬˮĥһ㣬ˮɵλ硣
ǲģһʱ֮УƷĸеĺ󻼽
زܹȫģλľ硣
һʱ֮УƷ֮ԳΪһľ񣬱ǺкܴĹϵ
۶Էʲôʣʲôվʲôĸ֣⣬Ҫɱ֮ˣͳͳ֡
Ѱλ콾ҳƷ鷳֮󣬾ѾûѰλ콾ҳƷ鷳Ϊд裬Ϊȡͽ˶֪λүʲô֮ˡ
֮󻹸ҳڳƷǰ֮ˣΨˣλ۷ĸ֣ǵҳƷ鷳ƷҪߣս
ֹ֮зҪսƷȻֻһƷѹ
֮УƷĥ̫ãҲ̫ǿˣѰĵز
ѰڳƷǰ߲һУͱƷܣʵĿѰ֮ϡ
ʵĳɳߣʵĳɳǻߣеĲ಻Ե㡣
ǿͬħһĳƷɿƷսвܡ
ƷûɱΪδԳƷɱֻҪսƷ֮⣬Ҳǲġ
콾ս֮ϣʮ콾ʶ繷㲻ǷʣҲ쿰ȷʡ
ʮֺʣֵǮǷʲͬ콾֮УȷӵзʵҲǷëǡ
ÿһӵзʵ콾ѹʱľ콾
һʱܹһԳƵǻԻʹȻÿһܹΪʼĴڣһɳ붼еٮٮߡ
˳ֵ̫ˣѡԷĻ˴֮䶼޷棬ľ档
Ҳ콾սĵطŻֲֹһλ
ǱҪƷս
ųƷ߻ܣնɱλ֮󣬳ƷѾΪУ콾սвļ֮һ
Ƿǳ׵ģ
콾սвԾĳٲֵĴλĴ֮⣬λĴڣһС붼Ѿλ۷ľ磬֪жôľˡ
Щ콾ǺͳƷͬͷͻƣҪĥԼĸޱȵι̡
ѰķʣҪͻƵλ˳ˮ۵飬Ҳֻʱѡ
ǵ׷󣬴ǴλԼĸι̣δߵĸԶ
ֻΪԼѾĥµԲľ磬ŻѡչͻƵλľ磬ս
Щλ۷콾֮УԶԶԽˣ֮ϣЩѾ콾ĲΣ֮Ϊ
ν𣬱δһսѷɫǿߵʱڡ
ܹеģΨзʲĿԣʳԼѪپһɱ䣬ʵĲΣпܳΪ
ÿһ𶼿׾ٵĻܼʮͬĸ֣콾սвƷѾӱΪ֮һ
Ҳϵģ˶òϣ֮УƷҲǿ֮һ
һ֮УƷԺգɱ߻ܹ콾ͬʱҲύ˲ѡ
˶ͼɱƷҲжԳƷѺõĴڣƷΪ֪
ȻҰĳ˵Ŀ࣬Ҳ൱ɹˡ
˶ԳƷĿ࿴ǣԼ֮⣬һʱ䣬Ʒ߶ʮ׷ߡ
׷ǿԺͱܣƷɨսұֵԽԽǿƣһʼзʵĸսϰٻغϣƷһλܷʵĸ֣ѾʮУƷĽ̫ˣҲ˵ɲӡ
£֪жҪΪƷ׷ߣʮѾǳƷǧѡˡ


2133 ǰδеǿ
ʮ׷ߣÿһҲǷ֮еٮٮߣ֮еߣԼΪҲλ۷塣
һ֮콾һ򼸸ͬһ㶼ǳƷֵ̫ޣѰҲշЩˡ
Щ壬Ҳ壬к庣壬νǰǶƷܣΪ۷ƷŹǣȴԸΪƷ׷ߡ
ĸָѰ콾Ҫ׷Ʒ͸ʤˣͳͳƷܾ
ȻЩ£̾Ϳ齨һӴˣǶ˵û塣
Щ콾Ǹоܹ콾ս֮ϵģ콾ĸѹһʱŵĴڡ
ڷǵ˻ܣǱ˵Ķ֣Ϊ˵׷߶ѣβЩ콾о
ţֵǮһʣǱصҲ콾ĺֻ콾ս֮гȥˡ
콾콾ĺ츳ȻҲǼõģ˶ǾӢʤ콾ĸʸԶ硣
翴ޱţ˹עҪô͵͵ˣҪôͬƷ㣬ɱһ·
콾Ȼǿǿ֣иǿĴǵĹâڸǡ
ǶʧȥյǶ򵫷еǶ꣬ԼΪ˵׷ߡ
ӳΪ׷ߵһ̿ʼͲٵǶĿԡ
Ҫ۷Щ콾жôѣ֪
Ȼѡ׷ƷҲӳƷߵõ˷ǳĺôƷЩ׷߲ģЩ׷౳󶼱һһȻȱеԴ
ȱһǣԳƷڴ⣬ټϵʵļĸ޵֮·ϿǸݽ겡
֮⣬Ʒ֮󣬳Ʒ׵ĵеĹؼջǳ
̵ֻǸ˳Ʒһ£͸оԼһгһ궼Ҫջ
Щ콾˵һңԶʱԷΪĲԼǿô
˶ܹԤеƷܹδһڡ
δﲻҲԽɳƷĳɹһ˵õȮ졣
δǵĳɾܹͬԽǵʣѪļޡ
ͬģ뷨ҲֻгƷ׷ߣƷЩ֣͵˸ǾĳƷޱȵļ֡
ɱһָ꣬˳Ʒ˵۽λĸָĶ֣λĸҲκβóƷ
ǾԳ֣Ļκε˳Ʒ
Щ콾սĺĵشкĵ棬߿
Ǽûа취ܹκγƷְɱɱɱֶζùһ飬۽֮⣬һˣβǰ𾪡
ճƷĳɳٶȣλ콾սĵشʱǵС
뷨֮ҲѸøˣڳƷ콾սв޴κγƷ
һƷ콾սģڡ
콾սĺĵشǸŴƴ˺ܾõĵطƷһο⣿
Ʒϳ֣ʼղ̤콾սĵĻǵ͸ûʲôΣˣ̤콾սĵûУ츳ˣδɾҲޡ
Ϊ콾Ķ콾ˣδҪɾһأ츳Ѫͨʣȱһɡ
Ҫȴ޵еģû޵еţƷҲͷһ롣
ܿ죬иϢ˲֪콾սĵо˵ĵرøִ֣ĴûܹƶԳƷչ׷ɱ
ĬϳƷΪе
ȻʵҲ˵ĬϣĴڳƷֹûֻͣ޷˵Ʒˣм仹۽øͣһЩѡ
ƷҲһͳһ
콾սвһɽڣƷĽ޳ϲĽԼڴ⡣
ǰһȺι״·ˣʮΪ׵һǳͷξ˿Ȼ𾪣һͷѪ֮ºպһʱųƵһ塣
ֻǰ˵㣬ʧӰ٣µΨһһˡ
ֻǴʱҲǾ۾ųƷĽ


2134 ͻƵٽ㣬Լս
Ʒֻűһ֣ԭ벻׵ĵطõ˽͡
ͬඥһЧ
Ĺ°Щ𶼸ܹ֮ݷڳƷ£ȫȫƷ۷
Դ˳Ʒ֮󣬲Ƕ̶̰ʱ䣬Ϊо࣬δλԭĻϣǿһ
֪жôľϲȻûͻƵλȴڴλҪ˾ϲ֡
ΪͬһߵԽԶҲζǱԽλ۷ͱԭǿһҲζǱƷһĿ
ҲζδɾҲӵľˡ
þϲģѪʣͻƵλĿֻ꣬ʱ⣬ҪδߵĸԶ͵׶δ¸ι̵Ļ
һףȴûа취һĿǱʣѪѾ˼£Ҫͻƣ̸ס
ڳƷİ֮£׾ٵǿһƷҲûôС󷨡
ǵʴķţѪˣȴŴ漣Ѫϵɱ䣬ڳɾλ
壬ѪΪѪ֮Ȼߣ߲֪ǿĶȥˡ
ͬģҲΪѪѪޣǵޣҪͻѪôס
һѪȻǳɳߣһͷеٮٮߣһѪӵ˼£Ҳͽ˶ѡ
Ѫļޱļޡ
û󷨣ͻһѪļޣ֪һ󷨵ľ֮
֮⣬Ʒ׷У콾ҲƷ󷨡
˵ҲݲͬǲͬľѧƷⷽ沢ģΪķԶԶǵ󣬼ǿͬ䱦һķţڳƷ˵Ҳˡ
ҪĲеʲôʲôʲôȻƷҲһûУֻǴһֵзŶѣ㹻дλ
м˼죬ƷҪǣ練ơ
ȻһֱĹƷҲ⽫Ĺ½ȥ
˴ھѧ֮⣬ƷҲΪǽϵѵ㣬ֻ˵Ҳмջ
һ㣬ս˼ȻȣȻвࡣ
ҲûԭôرĲ࣬Ժ֣ԽгƷķţǱҲõһĿδһԺЩҲһ
ˣĽΪֹˣ
Ʒͣ˽
˷׷ԳƷ񣬵лϽ󣡡
УҲѾˣԳͻƴλˣ
Ʒ˵
϶ûйֵļǵֺͲ飬ͻƵλҲֻʱ⣬˵гƷĵ㲦ǵľ͸ԭȣֹǽһͻƵλֻ˳ˮ۵ˡ
ϣҪڼλһʱô˵ģΪ׶񣬵Ǵʱȴм¡
Ʒԣҡҡͷ˵ǵΪޣеϣѾǴԲȻҪΣҲһһߣһڳԳһǲܵģ
óϷû˿Ļɣʱ䣬ѾԳƷóƷѾε֤Լȷ
ʱǾͿѰҵطͻˣ
ƷʱҲѾһͻƵλ۷壬һʱ䣬ĸȫõδȹ̵顣
ϣ֮ǰεԼսô
أ˿ƷȻ󿪿˵
˵ĺΣʼ֮һϵεΪأǳƷ׷еĺ콾Ҳ֪ξʲôͷ
ֻ֪εһʵΪ£ν콾սÿһζ¹պ콾սвУ޵֡
콾սвĶ֮һ
ʮǰƷսԼսҲǺȷѾ˿Ҫλٽ㣬ҪƷһսͻƵλ
ҪƷԼĥʯ֮ǰƷһֱûлӦ
ƷѡԼչͻƵĻôԼսûκˣΪһμ棬ܾ콾սĵش˫ܶӵдλս
أʱԶһ˵ƿһ˲䣬һͷ޴ޱȵĽӥ˵ǰ


2135 
һͷӥͨ峤ŽɫëֻͷϳһֻɫĶǣΪ񿥡
ֻǴʱΪǱϽɫë˴룬жദѺۣѪΪá
ˣˣ
ʱһͷӥ˵
һͷӥǱģ֮ǰƷշĺ۶ӥֻģһǰȫȫֱͬ˷츲صı仯
ԭϳ˺ɫƬЩƬѾ˽ɫëͨ嶼ǲӽɫֻкһЩطźɫƬ˵ɱ仹ûȫȫɡ
һʱ֮УеҲ󷨣ϵͻļޣѪ֮еĽѪ
ǿ̫ʱµĿֲޣλʮ֮һжôĿ£ֻԴ˵ǿޱȵΪʳ֪ˡ
ǿ˼µ壬ǵֻһʳ
һֱϹ䣬ѪûȫϾƷڵʵļ֮оͷֹһνսĻ档
һͷĽչͬһƬ֮ƣޱ޾һͷҲͬף֮еߡ
˫ѣذȻȴһͷ屻ɱΪʳ
ֻһΣƷӡޱ̣ƷҲ۶ӥϼ֮ڽѪ
ϾЩ׷߲ͬһͷ۶ӥȫշģȫȫԼˣȫܱѳƷڣҪƷһͷͿء
ԳƷҲĵģһʱ䣬۶ӥѾǺ۶ӥˣѾǿܹǽˣֻѪȽϲӣ
Ҳ֮ǰ۶ӥϡѪҪǿĶˣֻҪ㹻ʱ䣬Ȼ᲻ϵشѪһδεɱ䣬δɱΪҲǼпܵġ
ѪϵɱĹУΪҲһٵҲͬλڣһǰ˾޴λ۷Ҳֻһ֮ңѡ
£Ϊ콾սвԺУѰλ۷ĸ֣ҲδĶ֡
λ۷֮еľҲԾԵٶߡ
ôˣҲȥбôôŪƷʵüͷ΢
ˣ
˵ԳƷ˿Ĳ
⵽ͻϮΪΣ񽹼˵
ôܣӦôڷ˵פ֮ôôΣգ˸ҹ˵פأҪôƷüͷ˵
˵ǳţڰǰҲѾ콾ս֮УΪһ콾һľţӦֲ콾ս
Ͼ̫СˣΪ̫ˣһСģͻ콾ս֮С
ҲҪǰ콾սķΧ콾ս֮ΪŨЧڵĶ츣Ҳ˿
˰ǰոտ뵽컯ĳű콾սڷڵפ֮С
ƷȻ÷ЩϾ콾սΣճ̶˵Žʵ̫ǿˣһ˶׵ɱ
ڼȻѾľƷҲֻѡһֻ۱һֻۡ
ڲܱ¶ݵ£Ҳֻѡ񽫽ǲȥбš
Ͼ濰ǷڵıһĶδǰ;콾ս֮ϣֶˡ
ʵѹţ츳ԺͳȵҲʤ˲û̫ںô
ֻҪһžͿ
ٽȥ֮󣬳ƷžðĶˣͣڷ˵פ֮УټнбȫӦһʧˡ
ԽΪ콾սⲿֱɨѷ֡
˭֪ھͿ񼸺Ҫģ
Ǻ壬Σ񿴵ƷɵõĶˡ
ôǵƷüͷ΢Ǹ˼ģ˵òһ㣬˵ź죬ῴһۣô̸ϵ
ղŲ˵Σھԩ·խ
˵ãһ콾ǰ콾սʱΪɱι˵פرҪԼñ𣡡һµõϢ
ֻһ̫ͻȻˣҪţ˵ȻܽŽȥΪһƤ
˭ξȻֱӹˣһֲ


2136 Ӧս
ƷҲΪεĴ󵨶𾪣һ˵פһʲôĺͿĴȻ׷ųƷţвϾ֪ˡ
⼸ǰڵʹĦ
ڴ˵פǺ׵ģ֮ٷ˵ıΣڡ
ƷýֺͷҲ֪عķ˿϶ŹΡ
ݵλһں֮ϵĵλ飬ҲҪ㹻Ĵۡ
ڷ˵פؿ¿Ҫֵסˣò˶þҪˣ˵
εʵǿפصĻӦò˶ãƷ۾˲ԣԷפ֮еʵֲǲ˽⣬ǿ껣껵ʵεĻһоͻᱻɱ
ýǷѺеĵرвͺĵʱ䣬λ۷ķ콾ڳʱפؽ磬ûһҹҲ֧Ų˶ã
ҳ֮⣬׷ҲˣͻΧʱ򣬾⵽ΧЩ䣡
ëߣ˻ȱһͷȻѪҲǿʸ񣬲Ҫֿ㲻ӵģѾ׷ٵӡǣӵĺҲܶҵ׷ɱ
أʱԶһȫȫ޼ɵ
ţɽ֮оֱһĸߴӣϴżֺϢ˺һһ㡣
漴ͷˣڽԱߣȻʮӰʱЩãûԤϵġ
ӣȻӦǽԮ
ٹ££ǹܲ𣡡
漴ûнЩ˷Ͼһ콾սвԺ޼ɵ
ɱ
Ʒüͷ΢֮˸űĿ⣬οǱһһ·׷ɱϵһ־ɵġ
ģȻ콾ӦǱ֮еĸ֣һΪҲǷǳǿ콾ȣҲѷɫҲܹ׷ɱǱ

ʱ˵ͷվ˳
ɱңҪЦˣʱǸҲʶ˲ԣӵŲסˡ
ϱޱȵ׺ݣһ˲䣬ߣ෴ģȳ֡
ķӵɲǼͽɽһƬѩ硣
Ҳһɢź˺ıնԽԽɲǼͳǧɣҪƷһնɱ
СЦһһ
ֲϯǿֲııһһıѣܶԳƷ˿в
ʲôǸʶˣǰЩ˵Ŀֲ
ֻһͷϴŵϢѾļ£˵Ǳûг֣ԸɲĳƷ
ܣ
һ˲䣬;ߣǻһݹ⣬Զߡ
ߣЦһֱһھ޴ޱȵεĳâգһնˡ
ۣ
һѪѪˣϵıױ˲նƣ֮˸źµ飬һαвز
һ˲䣬һͷѾǰ˫һ˺˱㱻˺ѡ

Цһ֮дޱߵᡣ
ͬλ۷壬Ȼ˴֮ΪҲرѰ콾ȼѣԭѾǶ콾֮еߣΪǿһϣֱЩ
ɱôλ۷ˣֻǾ֮Ͱˡ
ʬ˻˳Ʒ
ãܺãղŻ˵ҪҪӦսҲûбѡˣ
Ʒʬף黯һѪ⽽ൽ֮£Ȼ˵
ߣȥһ𣡡
䣬ƷѾʧɽ֮С
鼱֮£Ʒֱʩչ˺绯ͨʱΪ͵ոʱȣ֪ǿ϶ٱٶȺ͵ȣҲǲͬնƬ֮󣬱Ѿ뿪콾սвٳŷפصķȥ
ʱפڵĳһƬĻ̻̣ԴһǰƷ޼ɵĳ֮⻹ǵڶ˸ҹһǿ˵פء
Ū˵֮еĸʧҹ¡
Ҳ˵վŵǿĺˣα˱콾սве֮һ
ˣ˭ǵ


2137 ǧһ
ľڣЩͬıߵ콾Ҳһ֪ǣֻǵ֪αŭԭ֮Щ⣬û뵽ȻΪá
ΪһúҪˣαˣֻҪԼڣôиĺһˣ
˲˵
Щ콾Լĺʤкܶ˵ĺʱƣγһӴļ塣
ǶԷ⣬һһΪʱԺˣ꣬ǧꡣ
µҲĲˣʣµˣȻǵĺᣬǶЩͻĺᲢû̫ĸ顣
ǲΪαŭزһðˣҪ˿ս
ڵĺˣҲȼȻ￪սǱҪȻǶԽԶԽá
˵ⲢѰĺᣬеĹйϵеĹȻ޵У񹦴֮ǰ÷ǳѣôڲͬҲֻһã
Ҿ˵̳츳
ʱƣԽԽϢ˳
ʵϣնɱǸ콾ʲô̫ܣһս춯أȫµ˶֪ĻҲε֪
ֻҪԸ໨һʱ䣬Ȼܹ׾ٵĸ׵ġ
̫ˣΪʲôطǵĺô
콾޷޲ƽ˵Σ濴콾Գ콾
Ҳ콾Ĳ
֮Уܹ֮ƥе𲢲࣬콾սв˭ΪһŶ˵ĻʸƵпܣϵüôЦһ˵
Ȼȫ¶Ҫű콾ߵĵطʲôء
콾ǣ۲ˡ
۷׷֮ʣ֮ϣһͬһɽһ㴣֮УǺģϳƬֻǺһ㺣ڵƬͬϵƬֵͨĽɫƻƽɡ
ͬһƽսÿһƬƬ֮У̺Ŵĵ
ҲĿĽ㣬콾Ρ
εĿ䣬Ѿҡҡ׹ķ˵פء
ûֱӵĳ֣һγֵʮ׷ߣЩ׷ǿҲλڣٮٮѾλ۷塣
Ϊ͵ģķۡ
ЩǱ֣Щ콾֣Ϊ۷Ϊá
Ҳиҿڵĸԭ򣬼ʮλڣǿλ۷Ĵڡ
һɺɨȫǣϾ콾սΧ콾սв
ǿҲǿλˣԺ콾սвž޴Ĳࡣ
ʮ׷߿ըĳ֣ǵľ׼֮£˵Ľҡҡ׹
˵Ľ֮ڣ˳פ˵פص֮⣬ɵڷ˵콾֣ʱҲ׷׽˵Ľ֮Уάַ˽Ĵڡ
Ϊ׵Ĳ껣෴ģ޳ݿʵ껪֡
ǵ϶żΪµϢʱҲ˲ô࣬Ľķӿ˵Ľ磬άĴڡ
ǵ¶ַŭ飬ǶǷ֮ٮٮеٮٮߡ
Щλ֮⣬Ѿˡ
ԲͬǶǷ˵һ콾ѺͷפʱѼĸĵر
Ҳܻ˴һƸ⣬Ҳս׼Ȼû뵽ȻȿֲĴڡ
εôû˵ǵΪλ۷Ѿе˼£ֵʮͬѰ
εʱȴ˵Ĵ
οǺųټķˣʷ֮УҲֻ˻ʸôһ
ָʸǰԮʣԶˮʣ
Ƿ˵ĽɻʸģҼӹ̹ģǲµĽ磬¸ֲڣֱӾͻ
Щ˵ǷʲôгƷɱζҪɱڵţ
Ϊ׵һ콾ɫ࣬޼ɵĳ֣ȻûнǺͷڷ
һֱ߸ϣĸ˵ֱӸһơ
أʱһֱŵƺȥˣԸȴһ߹һ˳ȥɲǼ䣬һƬӲӵĹâ
Щâһֻ֣ɲǼ䵽˷פϷĽ֮ϡ
Ӧѣ


2138 жֻվûй
ˣҪֲסˣˣ
ͫ΢΢βܹ콾սϴպ콾սвܹɨ콾һʵȷʵȫͬһϵĴڡ
ʮ׷߹ôöûܴƽ磬һֱ֣ӽı
Ȼʮ׷߹ĲĽεʵҲΪ֮𺳡
վ콾۷
˵ͷɵðһͷ
ʵ̫ˣͬ콾ǰ뺢ͯɣ
սս˵ͬȼ콾Զ˵ͨλ۷ĸˣκǰ¶ûκô
ʱĳƺЩ𣬿¶֤Ŀԣδǰ;ʵֻҪڸһЩʱ䣬±Ҳκε
ʵ˵ֻҪǱһʱ䣬£˻ʸ֮⣬˭ܵУο֮УɲֻôһҲĿŻʸôɱģ
֮¶˼ֿϧ飬ǿνһ죬Ҳֻ磬콾ս֮УǱ˼£ҲֻһʸܹķǿС
뺣һȣվԶġ
뺣ȵģֻ֣֯ԺɨˣҲΪ̫ǿˣ̫̫࣬࣬޷ͳϣûܹ۷ˡ
ɢ˸ɲС
ͬʱڽӦ֮󣬸άֽķµ콾׷Ѫ嵹˳ȥɲǼ䣬һƬǽ塣

Ϊ׵ķ콾Ҳ𺳵飬Ȼ֪в࣬ȴҲ֪ز⻹нıֱӵһֵĹǵĻ˲ͱˣܻ
ôô
˵Ժ֮Уɵðôͷ
ڤ粻飡ε֮Ψ޾ı䣬û˿ĸ顣
Ŀ棬ֱ˳еĳš
˲䣬̾͸оһɿֲѹѹһоǰδеĿֲѹ
ڷ֮ڵʦ˵Զûܹ֮Ტ۵Ĵڡ
Ҳ֪֮ڲûиֻ֣ǶڷĴλǱޣδˡ
µţҲЩ˳档
ϴһžƱһεѹڱȫĹͷڲ˵ײ
£
˵ɱԼӵˣû˿ʲô˫ڹƽĴսѹûзϣʲôƽƽģֻԼĶӲ
ոյõϢ;ֱŭգɱ˷˵פء
ڷûټķˣҲֻһʸܹ۾
ΪͻʸƵȻв࣬ͬΪͻʸȲҲʱˡ
ֻҪʱ䣬ͻʸƱȼҲֻʱѡ
ɱң㲻ܱ¹򣡡ŵһɹɵĽ⣬һɹɵĽͼͻӴѹ
ûǿУǲ׾ٵ䣬ӳƷѧ˺ܶ࣬Ҫǣκǿж䡣
ǿ
߻ȭǿǿ߻ӽ
ԶǵóƷ˵
ߣ
ε֮Ϸ֮ɫƺ˼£ڳνİǣһĲֵ
Ӵѹŵ˲ʳѪϵļⶼѿ
Ų컯ѣѾλ۷۵Ŀ´ڣܹģҲЩϰˡ
Σնãʱ䣬ն練ƣ
ҧѪȫûһѪ
ϱ˽ɫĹâȻޱߵĽ⣬ܹͻεѹ˳
˵ĺãǷڵжվûй
Ϊ׵Ǽڵ콾ߺΣҲû˿ͺ£֮󣬱վ˳ŵǰ
еİҲվܹ
ţε¶˼ɱ⣬ѾˣžȻԼѹʵɱ䡣
ʱĳź֮ǰȣԸһ̨ףȣֻʵĲ࣬ûбʵĲࡣ
㲻ã
ε֮б˾˵ɱ⡣

˲֣һֻӲӵĴֳųŵѹȥ


2139 ս
ֲĴѹɲǼ䣬Ѿ˺һУռ䶼һҵĲ
ǶֲĲ֮С
ǿֲĲ񷶼Ťһš
ε֮Ǿ˵ɱ⣬ŵĴڣѾов
콾ս֮ϣ콾ʵв𣬵Ǳȴû̫Ĳֻʱ䳤̵⡣
Ե˳ŽԼѹȻ˾˵ɱ䣬ʱɱ⡣
ƷڳŵĲ壬һɺתķţʼʱ򣬻ԣԽе棬ⲻ廯ĽǲԽǿ¡
ſʼʱ򣬱ƽӹԽԽǿֱʮȻ콾һλá
Խ棬Խǿơ
αǿһ㣬еɱ
Ǳ
ʣµڵ콾Żð⣬ǲĽεѹ֮£˾˵ɱ䡣
ǵ¶֮ɫԭѾǷʣһɱ֮󣬾Ƿʡ
Ƿ֮Уô꣬ҲֻһʸƣھǷ˵һ֮档
ǵĸ߰òڻʸƵĽ£ȻģҪ׷ϻʸƵĽŲȴҲóϣʺͷ֮Ĳࡣ
Ѿǧ֮еٮٮߣһʱҲ˶ٸǷȴӺеĺڰʱһʱһ
˫֮Ĳ࣬Ըӣǵľ޼ȴȫεĶ֣Ƿʺͷ֮Ĳࡣ

໥һۣһѡ
˵ʱĳŲǷδϣʸһ㡣
̫ˣȻͬʮ֮һʮ֮һֱΣĩβЩ콾˵Ҳһֳ衣
Ϊһܹչʲôӣ̶ܴϣһȺģ޷Ҳӡ֤еܡ
ʸһ˼Ҫһ֮ԿֶûУͬѡ
ںòײųһԲ
Ǹ޷ε㣬ո⵽ķɣһʱ޷
أԶһ춯ص׹һֻĴ֡
˭μԼһƣʱһ
Ŀ⿴ȥأʱһȺ̤Ŷݹ⣬Ѿǰ
˵ʱͫ΢΢
ΪѾϳ˵ݡ
޳Ȼ㣿
֮ǰƷս飬Ȼòʶ
ȻԸȴҲԴ󵽾ÿ׵ĻܣǻɱƷ
ĻҲͲƷսˣΪǸûбҪ
Ϊޱȵļ֣ʱƷ֣ʱּɵ֮ɫ
ǽ޳ǰſ˵ʱ򣬲ɵþڶμ޳һΪ޳ȣû뵽ڶΪ޳ȡ
ԭΪ޳ֻһϾ콾ս֮ϸ̫̫ˡ
˭룬֮󣬲֪콾ս֮ϣҲǶĴųлΪϵľ
޳Ϊ£ųƷ˵ܹоƷʱ߲ƣ¶ơ
㲻ҪսôӦսˣƷ䵭˵
νü΢ʱԼս֮ʱһսʰС˵
Ʒüͷһ˵ҷҪʱһսأ
Ҳ·
Ȼ䣬·ǳ
Լ԰ԳƷҲлʤİգֻǲԸóлߡ
˵ԭŶ˵ֻɱ֮Ļôڶ˵žһڵδвܾδ̶̶ʮ֮ھͻ׷ڵΪδһС
иĸҲɵõһսս
Ƶ𣬽콾սΣƷͬ½
콾սвɨκһˣԺɨһǳأ˫ʹ˱ս
в֪ƷȹŵҲڷֹ֪ƷͳʲôϵǲŲϸƷֻ·ѡ
ĻֻɵӲŻš
ͬʱҲעŲǷʣǱˣվŻʸƺͳƷ𣬲ǡ
޳Ϊ˭Һô˵
ڴʱһڶ


2140 ɨ
һԼĪʮµ꣬ǿ󣬺һ㣬ݴֿ񣬿Ǳ뺷ϢֻԶԶıͼԼѹƳƷ
ǲǴħڵĴˣԨôϳ˵ݺǿǴħڵĴˣҲԻ͹һʱû뵽Ȼ˳Σ
ʲôþģǶǵõϢ̫ˣ֪Ԩһ콾սʱѾΪշȻ֪ĸ࣬˸Ϣ
Ԩµһ󽫣ΪսҪսεĶ콾Ķ֣ܣͲҪγ֣
˺ܶϢԨĸ֣ĻȻ˹עĽ㣬ܹѹһʱ콾֮ҲǰĴڡ
콾ս֮ϣҲŽĶ콾УѰҪշǸܵġ
ҲεһΪ춯أͬԨܣˣԨݷε¡

䣬ԨѾˣ˫ȭƿֲ˫һ㣬غľǿֲϢ̣Ǻըһ㡣
ֱӳųƷɱ˹
ĺ棬治ɫҲȻĬԨĳ֡
СҲҵǰƷЦһԨڱ˵ǰѾ㹻ǿڶ콾֮УҲ
ԳƷʱȴûκʤ㡣
һ˲䣬ƷˣҲʲô̫ĶֻǼ򵥵һ
أ
Ʒһֻֻһֲֻ֣ȻֱԨԨ˫ȭδüгƷѾƷУ
ۣ
Ԩҽ³һѪûа취ֵһֵֻĹֱķѲ

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˶ûиʲôֻԨͻȻ֣ȻûзӦô£Ѿ˳Ʒϡ
ֻǼ򵥵һƣֱݣƥеԨѾ
콾׷֮󣬿νĹͬΪ콾ҲϧվͳƷȻ̫Զˡ
ֻһƾͽ
һǰƷǿˣǿ̫ˣֱ޵С
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˵ɱĲΣÿһһʱ콾֮Žǰʮϡ
ЩѰ콾֮ϣǶ콾ЩˣѰܹļޣǷʣÿһ콾϶ŽǰεҲǰĲΡ
һ콾콾֮ҲٮٮߣǶ콾
ڶ콾֮ϵģ콾֮ϵЩˣ֮ͬУ޵С
콾ǵĶ֡
ֻȻţ̫ˣʮ콾Ѿ۵ĵز
ȻţҲû֡
Ʒһ֣ʱͽ˶סˡ
ΣȻǰ׸ģԶԶѰܹΡ
һЩ콾ʱɫ԰ףֵģƼ˹һ

δʱ˲䶯ŭµɱͬһϯǳضһɿµɱ֮С
㣬ƾ㣬ҲսңƷƽ̺һּ˵ı䡣
ɱδһĺ棬Щʮ׷ȳʮ׷ҲλڵΪһԺɨȫǡ
ʮ˼屬ɱǺεȾ˵ĳ档
սսʱ򣬸ֲһĻˣǵĶ棬ƷҲͬʱ˾˵ɱȻֻжļ֮һǱɱ˿ǿ
ԣƷ׷ȻԶԶҪٵĶ࣬ҪߵĶˡ
Ľ档
һ˲䣬˫׷Ѿһˣ˫ζλڣǿλ۷壬ոտʼ֣еĽ󷨶ͬʱǺǸ뿪
˴۾ǣսոտʼսͳһߵľ棬ǿͬˣε׷߸һȻڶ࣬ȴ·ͻɱȺһ㣬һ
Щʵλڵ콾ǰһȭͿԴһ㶼ɱ
λ۷ĶҲĽڽڰˣ֧š


2141 Ĵ棬͵Ϊֹ
˶סˣ˭Ҳû뵽׷ôʱ򣬾Ѿֳʤ
̫Զˣ۾ϹҲܹеĲࡣ
ε׷˶࣬ս޷ͳƷ׷Ტۡ
˴֮䣬֮Ĳ
ε׷ֻѰ׷ߣƷ׷ͬһս죬εƤֱ
˵ս죬Ժвһ
ԽЩ˳֮Ϊα
䲻У಻Զӣ
ͷоޱ𺳣ֻһǻ˵츳ȻͬʣΪޡ
ô̥ܹͻѪļޣﲢ࣬ڳƷµʮ׷ߣȻͳͳĴڡ
Զݺ֣ǺεȾ˵飬ȳƷðһӾˡ
֪Ʒô̵ģʵϣЩ׷ҲѶЩ׷߽иһĵ̡
Щ׷е콾ĴڣЩˣĴУǸԴ츳϶ġ
ʵȻԶʤЩ׷ߣ۾磬ͶڴĸҲǿ̫ࡣ
ܹ۸Щ׷һЩĻҪЩ콾׷Լķչ
ҪЩͻļޣǸܣվĸ߶ȣ޷顣
޷ͨƷô⾪˵ĵزġ
ƷûеʵļĸҲǲ˵ĵزġ
ǵѪ£ǽǵѪߪһΣʹ֮ν֡
ס֣
һ£ȫڱһˮɫĹâ˺һԶˮһ㣬֮һɽӵơ
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ƷûжֻĿţ˽ε׷ɱ⡣
Щε׷ߵʵȻҲǲ׵ģҲܱηΪ׷ߣδзǱ
Ǻ˱ȴž޴Ĳֲ࣬࣬˫սһ浹ơ
ɱ
֪ƷҪʱ䣬ȳ֣һ֮㳯ųƷֱײ˹
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һ䵽˳ƷϣƷܣϾȻץǻĽƷһ˲䣬һֲĹסżΪ¹
񷶼Ҫһ˲ըѿ
˲ɵúȻεľһͬʱҲڳƷĿֲ
εɫ΢΢һ䣬ҲͷһôǿĶ֣Ĺ䵽ƷϣȻκβóƷ˻Ľ
Ϊµģ
˵ƷѾǿ˲˼ĵزһƷʼߵķᱻֱ˺ѿƷǿȻڷ֮ϡ
һεķ
Ʒʱͷڷ׷ɣޱȣս߰ûһ˿һľ⣬෴ģ֮Ψо˵սڷڡ
ԭԤҪεԼͻƵһս
ҲͬˣƷսĿ꣬ȻҲҪնɱƷԼõͻơ
ѰͻҪǿ̫ˡ
ΣһսһĴ棬͵Ϊֹˣ
Ʒ˵ʱҲڶˣһȣɲǼ䣬ð⣬ЩƽɫĻһ㣬ȼա
Ĵֳһץ޾۶һììǿշ顣
ǺεȾ˵һĻ
δʱҲһꪣɫꪴʱеĸͬһһ㡣
εĽ²ȳ޾ΣһߣƷ֮ͬˣ˫ŶԷ˹ȥ
ˢ
˫ٶȶ̫ˣһ㣬һ˲佻ѾϰС
˸ʲôֻѪȾա
˭ģΣǽ޳


2142 նɱ
ͷ𾪣ոȫ֣ѾˣΣǳƷ
ǣ˫У
Ǹ޴жϣΪղ˫ֵٶ̫ˣʲô书Ψ첻ƣˡ
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ͷڵ֮еκһҪԸǵĻֻƾ۵ٶȣͳͳˡ
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һѪƮ˵ӰҲӳԽٵĹٶ֮
ſ˵ľȻΣ
ε䱻Ʒһǹ̴һ⡣
޷һսȻ·磿˿һĻֻü˹һȫȫ˼飬ƷĹ̫ˡ
Ȼ˶𣬵˵Ŀ֮УȻεʵƷӦøǿһЩ
Ͼεν콾ս֮ȣƷֻǵһν콾սڴ֮ǰû˵ôһ
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κһ֣ųƷ޼᲻ݺΨ첻һ·ߵ۷塣
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εĮת˵ĹǿнƷ˿ڻָ
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˶УȻҲδǿսкܴĹϵ
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ŭң˵Һ˲һŭҶٴΣҶֻҪһΣһξ͹ˣ
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¡
αһ߷ɳ⣬ݺ䵽˳ĵ֮ϣ涼˾޴ѷ졣
ۣ
һѪԡ
εЩ׷ʮĵҪȣܹͻ˵Ǳ˳ûɱ˺ü
˾ֵʱһֲǹâϯɲǼ䣬Ѿε֮Уɱ
Σ


2143 ԭͻ
˵ǰ˳Ʒϣ̸ʲôһۣζûа취ԳƷЧв
ƷѪսԡȴεѪ
ȫһļž
ƷնɱѰ콾Ƕ콾Ҳ˸оô֡
ϾƷһ֮ҲԼƣձΪ
ڱȴһһӦܹᲢ۵Ĵڡ
ԭ֮Ҳֲ£ȻҲôĲ࣡
ڣ˿ˣҲͷһ֪ԭ֮䣬Ҳž޴Ĳࡣ
һᱻһ״ĵز
⽣޳ʲôʣôôֲ
޵а֮еĵһ˰
֮ǰľ֮ȣҲԶɣ
ܿ죬ͬը˹һ㣬
ǿǽ޳ӣƺڶ򣿡ͻȻָŸ߿֮еĳƷ˵
ȻȴƷȻ˸ž˵ĽɫâɫĹâ֮У˸һƬһ㡣
ơ·Ⱥ֮УͻȻһ˸飬ΪˣΪʲô޳ĸо˵Ϥˡ
ֻ֮ǰһֱûǸȥ룬ˣַĲȴǳƷ˭أ
˵˻ƷйıʣǳȴǸܹܶεģһȻˡ
⽣޳пܾĴƷ
ʱˣΪʲô޳γȣǸպøˣǹġ
¼ôպõ飬һеһУڱڵԭ
Ļһоܹ˵ͨˣΪʲô޳ľ޳Ҳ˾ɻΪ֮ǰѹûŹôһȴͻȻð;ޡ
Լ㲻Լʲôʱôһ
ȻڣһоͶ˵ˣǸǱˣǳƷ
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ʱǰϣƷ޴鷳˵ֻǽ޳һвĻһʵݱ¶ôȻͻӭ͵һ
;ԲôһĴڡ
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ʱ˶ڿ֮ϵĳƷûע⵽
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ƷջҲӦѡͻƣΪͻƲһʱ飬ʱһϢܿͻᱻ￪
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ʱ򣬳Ѿкܶ˽ָϢȥˡ
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ͬʱϵѪʼӿͬһϯ˿纣ˮˢ졣
ÿһΣ˿ԸоնڱһĹ
ǶԸоɵˣλ۷Ķ콾оʼѡ
ҪͻƣǸǺεȾ˵ĳ
ʲôеĪĳһλŻʵĴô
𾪵˵ƷķţγɵڱǳأܣţⲻǹŻʼĴС
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зڵĶ콾֮һ˵
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ʱ˶һӷӦ˹Ϊ𾪵ķһ㣬ǾǳƷͻƵ󣬲ͻƵλͻƵλ
мűϵģȻƷͻʱѰͻƵλҪˡ
λվֻλǴλ
˶סˣһƬţ
ηˣҲ벻ܹλ۷λĳƷȻλ۷壿
ȻСλ۷壿


2144 Ʒǹǿ
˶ˣ
ƷͬնεĻȻ𾪣ȴǿԽܡ
ڳƷȫεһ󾳽½նɱ
Ǿ͸ѵˣǸо־壡
ǼΪѵõ飡
˻ʲô¿־壿ǾԼȫ˽⣬Լܹ¸о־塣
Щ콾ǵļʶ;˵ʲôǵ⣬Щ콾Ҳܹ⣬̶ܴϣֻΪ˫ͬɵĲࡣ
ǳƷԼһ󾳽ĸ֣ܹɹģǾȫ޷⡣
ֻѰλ۷ĻǻѰ˵ĲοԼ
οǺͳƷͬΪǳƷܹһȫǺˡ
ȫһ
һ֮УƵǹһڡ
Ĺ֪Ļµһʱǽɱ˰ɣ
Ĺǿˣû䣬˵Щĳˣ޵ģǵԸ⿴ˣһΣ᳹׷ˣ
ʱ䲻ˣ̵ʱ֮ͻƣֻ»Ѫ
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֪ѪʷҲһѷɫʮŵȻǿб𣬵ǵĴȴ콾ս֮ͬ˺պΪ֮һ
Ѫӣ˵һΪѪʲĿֲʣųѪɣͲֻҪѪûиɿݣͲԲϵһֲ֮һ˸ԸĹ̥
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أѪӳˣһߣһץһѪɫĹâԻ˳һѪɫսì
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2145 
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£նɱ뺷սѪľҲøҳƷ鷳ϾȻȴɵ
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ʣǧѷĺûᡣ
ÿһɱˣ
ѪӿˣȻΪǿеˣǻ
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ĺûᣬ˵ǲġ
ΪƽʱܹսĶҲһЩʣûзʵ
Ͼ̫ˣ˵ллδɵСλǲмȥֵģѾɵĴλǲġ
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زܹǴ㹻ѹֲһӽǴĸֿɲˡ
ƷܹǴ㹻ѹǺͳƷʵ̫ԶˣǺͳƷд轻ֻ֣һ浹ı
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ּҵĴս֮УƷ̵ʱҲ͹ԳãԭֻϵĶҲлʵˡ
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ʱһɿֲϢԶƬ֮䣬Ѿ˳ǳϷһͷѪʢ˿µĵزԶԶվţ֮䴣ŵһɽһ㡣
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ʱֻһɵҲֻң谭ҵĵģͳͳҪ
һͷԳЦţݳ༫Ϊªһ֮Ϊˡ
ȻͨѩԳ˵һϳһͷͨѩɫԳ֮еһ𣬲˵Ѿͻƽ˴λӦѾ콾սĵսŶԣڲŷִΪͻƣûͻƣҲˣ̫ˣ
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ڳƷػʣ°˸׷֮ͬʱվȥһͷͨѩԳսһ
һͷͨѩԳҲչֳԼ˵ʵһֱϵأһ֮ȫǻѩ磬ͬʱһ˽п಻
һ֮ѹ˴һΪ춯ء


2146 ǰ·ϵĶ
ԽԽˣǿ
ÿһ·ߵ˾۵ĸ֣ˣǾ˳Ʒָ˺ܾãһսѾѪļޣǵУЩͬߵ˼µȻܳҪ˲ֵܹסһ
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²һһĵǽܹѷ֣ѾǾųɾŵ˲붼顣
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һ䣬ޱߵĺڰӵǳ֮С
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ʱѰ콾ѾǰսˣʲôЦȻ˵Ʒ˱չ֮УǾʲô֪һһƶһ콾
ѾܹսˣóȻȥôĶ֪ǳƷ׷ߣǵĶ֡
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콾սʱ򣬶ֻһС
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ӵʸȴв٣ԺȻЩѾʼǰһЩˡ
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Ͼ϶ˣȷʵһֻ콾ս֮ϵ
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ոճӵмΪֲĲٿػʵԪؾ飬һǿޱȵ壬˵ȸΪֲĻߡ
δлΪԪ֮ʣ
һֻȸոս콾սʱ򣬾һ̵ϰٸ콾ų
ţ֪һֻȸжô
һֻȸļ룬սӼңޱߵĻ·Ҫտһһ˲ûһС
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2147 ˶ԳƷ׷ߵĽʺ
еɫһأȥһĻ³Ʒ׷ǵķ߾̱޷赲
ˣȥƷ׷ǵҲֻʱ⡣
ϾҲֻα𣬶ռžԵƣЩΧҲǶ֡
ֻʱѣսԡԼѪսǱ˴֮Ĳ࣬Ӿֲܹ˵ġ
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ڷڵ콾֮УȻ˼Ľ飬Ҫ֪֪Ʒ׷߱Ӧʵ޼ǿһЩҲǷǳ޵ġ
֮ܶͬһϵĴڡ
ȻڣȴԳȭ붼飬жߵ⣬Ǻ֮Ĳ࣬ͬľ磬Ҳ֮
һ𣬶ɵǣ֮ǰα׾ٵĵǡ
ȴЩսɽռ˾Եƣǵɱʵȴۿõġ
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ЩͻƣжʼЩҡ
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ǵԺ֮вɵðһͷǵĻδǰ;϶Ҳͬ᲻ɣƷ׷ߣҲһ⡣
һߣſǰһĻвɵޱȵżֻϻҪɫ
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ʱƣս𲽵СҲζųƷ׷ڲϵĽڽڰˣǵĽ֮£һ߿Ѫһ߰ˡ
ǲһһεļԼеս⣬ǻûа취ЩµĹԿ
أʱֻһ˲䣬һѪɫӰ˳Ʒߡ
ãд̿ͣ
ʱ򣬲֪˭һ̧ͷȥȴڳƷչصĵطһѪɫӰͻأĴ˽ȥһѪɫĹâųƷͷ­ݺ
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һѪɫĹâ죬죬죡
ʵ̫ˣһ˲佫ֽһ׾ٵ˺ѿ漴ֱӴ˳Ʒ֮С
һ˲䣬ƷӦ飬ʲôʲôѪɫһǰʲôҲ㡣
˾˸ʱȴƷһӶˣһ˲˳ȥֱŵһѪɫĹâ֮ϡ
أ
һµײȻһһ˾ֻһѪɫĹâһһıˡ
Ȼ˲ſˣһѪɫӰ˭һһѪɫ۵꣬ѪɫӢֻƤЩˣƺǺܾúܾûпһ㡣
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ǡ۾Ļ룬
ɱɱӰ


2148 һȭɱ
˺˵֮˶һɧԽ콾ɫȻ䣬Ȼɱʮֵ˽⡣
û뵽Ȼɱɱӣ
һ콾һ𾪣ɫмֲҰס
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ǶѪ¥ɱȻмּɵȴҲ̸̸֮ɫĵز
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ܹģҲֻдĻʳɡ
ȻɱºʹĻʳ£ӦòԺʹĻʳᲢۡ
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Ѫ֮УԩƮ˳ȺӣųƷ˹ȥ
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ɱϴķڼױƷһȭ飬ͱһ˲䶴
ɱڷ֮˸ȫ˼飬ݺ˺üʱѹ˺üʱ콾ɱӣȻһ֮ǰѹû˵˵
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ôɱӵʵԲ֮£ƷλֽţôɱɱֻһУ˶סˣɵɵĿǰһĻ


2149 ޵УҲͬ
һĻ׽סˣʱĳƷ̫ˣһȭɱɱӡ
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Ѱ콾ǿҲ׵Щ콾
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вɵðͷѾϵۣ˵Ѿ޿
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2150 ѪӵĻʽ
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ҲնԼߣֹһΡ
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Ȼʵȫ֮⣬Ʒǿʮǿ׷ߣȻĶ֣ȴסĽŲ
Ϊȡ㹻ʱ䣬óƷأȻչرϣͻƵĽȴڲϵĽУΪƷĳֶжϡ
ζʲô
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ǳƷͬĸ̫ι̣κεͻƣֻ˳ˮۡ
һһоıǿһһͻƵλһ㶼ͻأ
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⻹ͷһΣͬ磬һ󾳽һͷˡ
ҪЩǿֽԼ߹ͷ­ǾֻһֿܣƷѾв档
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˿֮кսһĳƷ𾪡
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Ϊһε콾սԣʾ͸ˡ
ƷܾܿǴʷ֮ˡ
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Ʒ䵭һ¡
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Ѫ˵Ļ䣬ͱһֻźݺݲȱ
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ֱǴ۽磬ǴδȻӵĴ򷨣ֲ֮ʵ̫޵ˡ
˳ƷӵпֲսĹѰ𼴱ܻѪһΣɱһΣҲεĻɱ
ǾͿѪӵĸնף롣


2151 ɱ
ָǧٹֵ˵ǰֻõĽ̫ˣѪӲͼָĹͬˣѪڵĸͨѧʩչ
ΪѪδӣΪŵӣȻǶĺܶѪڵĹ
ǸûκôôʲôĹͳͳ޷κε˳ƷֻǼ򵥵һͽ
ָо˾ȻѪӵ޾Ѫڲֶֹ֮αҪһЩ
ҲȫﵽĲεģܹĹ޷κε˳Ʒ
һδεɱ
ҲѪޱѪԲϵĸǣֻҪһͻ
˶ɵý˵ּ¼˾Բܹǵ֮ϡ
֮ǰкܶ˲ˣĴֶ׷ûδ
Ȼı뷨ǿƵĳƷܹɱһѪ·Ҳһ
ĳɳٶ̫ˣ콾սŶãͷԼ
쿴ѪѾɺˣ
˾һ˴ʱŴӸ֮ʱǿԭޱ޾ѪʱѾȫɺˡ
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𣬸κεѪӡ
ҲΨгƷ㣬пܶԲϵĨɱѪӣѪ
лȣ
ʱ˷׷ǰݼƷ϶ദ˿ڣЩѪӴı飬ҪǵҲͬѾѪӵС
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һʱ֮вϵĹôҲ޷һսһ˳ˮ۵ͻƽλ硣
ƷĿŵͨѩԳϣͨѩԳͳƷ⼸׷ߵս֮ϣһƬѩء
ͨѩԳһֹ춯أͬʱѩϵķͬʩչ¯ࡣ
ⲻǶ̶ʱ䣬ȻѾսת˺ʩչĻ
Ʒļ׷Ѿǿ֧ţϾͿҪֲȥˡ

ͨѩԳһ֮мֱ꣬ƷԽĲҪЩƷ׷ߡеһɨƷ׷ߵ׷ɨɳȥشϵĹͷ֪˶ٸ׷Ѫ
ͨѩԳҪǰ⼸ɱʱأʱһ޴ĴӡֱӺĳ֮ϡ
أ
ֲײγ˾˵ѩ綼˺ѳ˾޴ޱȵѷ졣
ͨѩԳĻڶˣһƬѪģ˫ֻоˡ
㶼Ʋסеĳóзɳȥ
ʲôˣͨѩԳһȴһӰѸײڶ֮ƺɨĳʢĹâ
һ˵ĹâݺݺͨѩԳؿڡ
ۣ
ͨѩԳһƺߣ˲䵹˳ȥǰ󷨺ͽĹâⲼµ󷨺ͽ类һ˲Ƶ
һĽâһĹâӹա
һ˲䣬ͨѩԳͷ­ͱժȥ


2152 ɱƣ޵
ɱ𣬳Ʒͬʱ˼£λҲһ֮ң
˺Ȼķ֣ÿɱһ𣬳ƷƾһΡ
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˶ʱѾˣַǲûŹʵϣҲ˳Թ
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ҲûɱƵķǱǻɱ൱ǿĵ˲޵еơ
ɱĶѰͨˣǸûκ塣
һ˵ƺ޵еţȻƾղģΨвϵĻԼ£ǿĸ֣Żš
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ڶ콾֮ϣưһе
ΪǾǶˣڸ˳ƷԵĹ
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˼㲻Ҳóϣ޵еѾˣɵڽ콾ս֮ǰҲֻǲҲֻʱϡ
ֻҪʱ׷ϣôǾͿԺЩݺ콾ս֮ϵĴᲢۡ
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ԼҲΨЩǣά޵еģ֮󣬼ʣµĺڰ֮Ӻͻȸܹ޵еĵҲѾơ
ֻжԼоŵ˲ŸɱƣΪɱһһǿƣԼǿͿܱɱ
ѹһαһθǿʢԭַʽ
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ǶԼžԵţѰ붼롣
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ҲʹųƷڽм޲оԵţЩ콾ս֮дλ֮ǰԽնɱһա
ǶԼεȵţ˵ԵţƷҲڣı
ԽԽ˸о־塣
ݽ棬˵ɱҲɱˣǳƷȴЩݽ棬˵ɱҲɱˡ
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ѵ³Ϊ֮ô࣬ȻȴԼЩΪЩΪЩ𶼵ӵĻ֮û֮أ
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ʱ۷׷֮ʣƷѾٶȳˡ
Ŀֱָڰ֮ӡ

޾ĺڰ֮Уڰ֮ӲɵôһղųƷɱҲޱȵļɵ
ԸҲ˵ܹ׾ٵĶԸ˳Ʒ
ޱߵĺڰ᳤ֲգ֮еƲԴ䴩
Уֱӷɳһڳâ֮дźɨ޵еϢ
䣡
һֱӹᴩһУ˲ֱȡƷͷ­ȥԶԶѰλ۷ܹľʵ
λһѾﵽ˴λʵ
ٶȿ쵽˶ӦһɫĽâѾ˳Ʒǰ
Ǻڰ֮صĴɱУԶԶ߱սͬΪҲֵסֲһͬѪӵĲ֮һѹ׵ľѧ

һƷͷϣɽӶУֲһɽӶס


2153 ڰ֮ӣ

һһڰ֮еķɽնɽӶϣȻһһѿ
ʲôôܣ
ڰ֮ںڰ֮еɴ۾ȫţ˲֪ԼǳһںڰɽƷʣǵС
ȻҲᱻﵣƴȫŷһԴﵽ˴λȴƷһҩ׾ٵĸ
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Ʒźڰ֮еĺڰ֮ӣһźɫӰӣڰֵ쾡¡
ȻǺڰ壬ȻܹʣƷƺʲôһڰ֮ӵʱ
׼ȷ˵ڵʵļ֮е֪һ־ķʣϹһλߣ¡
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㾹Ȼܹҵʣֵڰ֮ˣû뵽Ʒܹʡ
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ƷֻЦһĿͬһ㣬׾ٵĿޱߺڰ֮еĺڰ֮ӡ
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ҪѰչһزͻƣֻ֮伴ͻơ
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ڰ֮ӵȻܾʹ˵һХĺɲǼ䣬磬ųƷϯ˹ȥ
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ڰ֮Ӻһ˲䣬еĺڰǰ۳һߴǧɵĺڰ֮ǽ
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ȻһȭǰʲôǸƣһȭ·ܹƾ򷨡
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ڰ֮Ӳҽһ˷ɳ˺ڰڵһܹڰ֮ӵݣһɫ۵Ŀֻ꣬ʱ򣬺ڰ֮ӵѪϿѪƷˡ
ϣеޱߵĺˣٶȳųƷ˹ȥޱߵĺڰȻһɫľˣųƷɱ˹
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˵տʼʱ򣬺ڰ֮ӻԺ棬ϾԺڰ֮ӵʵΣȻڣƵ˼µĳƷκǿУƳ޿ƥС
֮ǰܶ²ǰ㣬ⱾǳƷµȦףͻƣ˳ˮۣҲҪµĹ򣬲ܹͻƽλ
ǽɱƣ̶ֻʱͿͻơ
Ȼ̤ǵʬǰƷк޲
ЩɱĴôϹǰȻǰģضǵˡ
նβݣݲһ˿һĴ
Ʒɼ򵥵ֻһȭһȭֱƿ˺ɫ˵Ĺƣʩչѧ˷飬ͬһɫһƬ
ۣ
ڰ֮һѪʩչͨƷ飬⵽˼Ϊصķɡ
ߣ
Ժ֮вɵʣһֱڣҲóϣԼƺͳƷȣž޴Ĳࡣ
ӲţֱӻһɫĹâʧʡ
ʱߣ̫ˣ
ƷЦһе֮һ˳ì۶𣬳ìͨտɫìϲŲ֮Ѿݻ֮Ĵ̻档
һ˲䣬һìƷ˳ȥ
䣡
һìһ˲䣬ֱӺ˺ڰ֮ӣԺڰ֮ӵʵҲѹûа취㿪һìᴩ˵ϡ
ڰ֮ӣ


2154 շȸ
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ǴЩԼһֱӴλ۷壬ֱ׼λڣǸʱսǻһΣԴλĸҲ£ڴλĸ֮ж֡
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ѵ¯ôʱصĽЩˡ
㣡
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˶ɵˣűյĲҽĻȸҪ֪ȸǴӻ֮еĻ澫飬˵ͶԸֻ涼мΪǿ׺
治ΪĴƷŶԣȻȴƷĻյ໽С
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Ʒ˻𺣣ֶֽһƪ˻ȸԺ֮С
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2158 ͳͳһȭɱ
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Ȼ˵ãҲֻǷʣÿһβμ콾սᱻʵѹƣеŭȫȫı˳

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2159 ɱ
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2160 
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ͨʹﵽһΣԶܹʱƣΪ񣬶ڴһ¥֮ЩҲԽԽӣҲԽԽ
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ȻĹЧԴת֮󣬳Ʒ׷ͨ˵һǧһϿһ۾Ͷᣬһ;
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ȻҪߵʱȴ֣Ʒ֪ʲôʱѾסе·
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Ӳ㱻ƷѪһ߰һȭδԹôĿ
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Ҳ֪ʱԲǺͳƷһϸµʱΨߣܹδлᱨ
еֱ˳ȥջΪһͷݣȫǣ֮еԻֱӳųƷ˹
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2161 
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޷ĵƷζĻĺģһͬΪλĸ֣ûķᱻֱըҲᱻˡ
ԼҲһشƷôġ
ӱը֮УһӰ˳
Ʒͷ϶һ޴ޱȵҩɽӶڹؼʱ򣬻ס˳Ʒ
ӻǸ߹ĻȻѰĴλĸ˵ֻ˵һ
ǶڳƷ˵ûɽӶƷҲܱըԳƷΪǱ˼ˡ
ܶڵĳƷһǰ˺
ʱƣƷϵϢڲϵǿУÿʱÿڱǿһֱƷͻƵλ۷塣


2162 ȣ뿪
һ֮󣬳ƷʵһǰѾ˷츲صı仯һͻƣȫȫͻͽ
һǰƷͿͻƣʱͻˣҲǺڵĻ൱ѡ
ǿɲǳƷҪģȻ֮ͬѾ޵УֻҪͬ𣬼޵УܹȼĶࡣ
ƷҪ׷Ȼֻʵ
նɱ˻֮󣬳Ʒӵ飬Ѫӽɽͼ֮е֮¡
֮ϣöɢϢѾ𽥿ʼ졣
ڳƷļ֮ϣȸĿɿڴȻ𣬿νܻɱĶ콾Ҳкܶ࣬ǴδܹͬƷ㣬׾ٵնɱһλĶ콾ġ
λĶս˴λ𣬷Ӧþ޵вŶԡ
ԳƷʱȴ˵Ĳһ
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Ʒһ֣ξʧԭأܿͷ˳ǳ֮У˻ϡ
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֪˵뷨ҲϣУܹĹﰡ
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ڲǰύһδ޵µ˰ˣҲ˵һЩҲ̸ʲôʧ
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Ʒ˰֣ڻ뱩¶ݣԵΪֹǲɫ
ΣǶлղѾ֪ͨʸƣʸ˵պпգԼ棬۵д裡һ˵Ķ콾˵
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ˣСҲûʲôãŷɣҲССļˣƷֽץ˳ȻӸ˳š
СѰλĸֶҪâĻҲᱻӵǵƣϧԳƷ˵ô
ԳƷΪûȵôҲûãŵĻôҲ̫ˣȫԵʹá
һĽӹȣѾȫԿ϶ǰ֮˲Լķ˭ء
˲ܶԼôá
лǰ㻹ǵóƷʱ뱩¶ݣֻǰơ
˿۾ֱˣǿȣȻڳƷϼֱһûʲôôȻʵϲȲУǳƷ̫ǿˡ
ԲԵûʲôãʵϣǣȫȶԽǻΪһƬ𺣣ǸӶӲ
ȴ˳ŵ˶ףźͽ޳ʲôԨԴŻôá
Ҳ˲һͷǵҳƷ鷳ǳŵĻûжˡ
㿼ǵƷº󱨸ҳűзȻıȻкܶ
ЩȻƷ۾ɫЩҲŵĿ飬κһǿߵĳɳһ˳Ӣ۾ȻҲָ˶顣
ôɱģิǡ
֮󣬳Ʒһ׷ʧԶ
콾սΪһսضɽҡ


2163 콾ս
Ʒһս콾ս֮϶ԣνǵضɽҡѡ
콾繷콾ս֮ϣҲ֮ϵĴڣǾ
ÿһ𶼱ܹעСλλǴλ𣬶˵Ŀš
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ÿһ䣬˵콾ս
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ȫȫһһĴڡ
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Щͱֲ֮ɵ
һֱڣЩ콾ǲ֪ΪʲôʦǿҪһǿߣĻܵķ֮ء
ǻ֪һЩϢǸӰȻǳƷΰˣǱδ
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ʱ˻ȻǿǻߵĴа콾ս֮Укܶ࣬ЩҲǷʣһһǿᣬߵոűʺѪлߵĴС
˵ߵĴҪԶԶǵҪٵĶˣκһϹʱݺһķǿ߷ŵڶԺɨһУһǰ޹˺ߵǿʳ
ҲǽֻǵõһֵĻߵĴУеֻǵõһаʽƾΪǿеڣ޵С
˶ɵĶˣƾֻһǰķǿߵĴж𣬸˵ķǿߵĴУʧȥǡ


2164 £콾ս
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ӵķǿߵĴеҲûУ˵ĻʳҾȷӵзǿߵ
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Ͼʸƽ콾ս֮ϿɲΪ˸ķġ
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һֱһλ۷콾һȳ˻ҽȫ¼ȫȼյһɶ֮֮˲ʶˣȻСиĶ
ĿǰʵҲˣԲС
һγűȻˣȻĽһλ۷ǿճ˻ҽ
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֮󣬳žԾ˵̬Сλ磬ɱԼȵĺüǿ֮֮ȫʵ
Ҳʱʧ²ĳƷٶس


2165 ʱ䣬λ
µʱ֮У콾ս֮У뾡һа취׷ٳƷеǣ涥ĸִӸΧ׷½أͣ
֮У˶һ񣬿ûа취Ʒ䣬ǿļ콾ǴλԳֶ޷ݳƷ䡣
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콾ս֮ϵĸѰҳƷʱ򣬼ƷܶҲʱʱıѰҵ
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£ģЩͳƷгģ߶ڷʼĴ־ڱصõĸ֮⣬˶Ѿ˶ԳƷѰ
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ټϳƷ֧֣ڸͻƵĵطָ㣬ͻƼ˵˳ˮۣѶȵľͻƵ˴λ
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2166 ٣Ѷһ
ĽȻҲǺܱҵģѹǳƷĶ֣Ƿ֮ͱƷܡ
ͻ֮ʵǿ˺üǺͳƷȣȫС׼ˡ
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˵ľ콾ܿģոջһ֪ʲô콾ĴС
콾ս֮ϣǳΪ콾ս֮в֪˶ˣҲ֪ŹٴΣԶĿ׷ݵϹĩ֪꣬콾콾ս֮Уĸǲ
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٣Ѷһ
ʱŭΪ˵ԸԱˣʲôʱҲˡ

ҶֳһץץһڱȻ͵һն

һնһͿԽг룬֮شľѧУͬӵ˼¡
ǻˣȴֲһȻһֻذ׵һһ˷顣


2167 ƺʩ
еˣƺȫ벻ףôôֲһĻ
ĵâȻˣѹͲ˰ɣѹһɡ
һֱʱڷӦ˹ղǲǱܵһնŷЩ˵Ŀֲ
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ȷĶס˳ƷȻ֪ǰ˾жôĿ£Ҳ֪ڶͳƷޡ
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ȻڳƷѾһ⬣˭Ҫ˭͵ù
£ԹҲ֮С
ϾûйϵȴһһȥûģҲкܶʧء
֮£֪˶ѾԼ;ͲԾķ뿪ΪһûҪԼϲô
㷢ģʱһת˵
һ˲䣬Ʒֲƾѹ˹ɲǼ䣬Ҫһ㡣
ԿҲԶһģǬҪҪƷ˵ҲͷһΨһһŵĻɣ
ãҽ㣡
ѵĿ˵Ѿ˳ƷĿģ϶ΪԼǬ֮еЩƸЩ콾ս֮ϵ콾ÿһһʱĽӣϵȻû㹻ĲƸ
ʵϣϵĲƸһС͵ۺ죬Ǿ֮еľ
ƷȻǴЩ˵⣬ԸĻǳƷҲûа취κεǵǬ
ϾǵǬ඼Ǿطӹ̣ǳƷʵҪǿٱǿд򿪡
˳Ʒ˵ͷһҲΨһһʱƽˡ
ȻǬ֮еĲƸ֪أЩƸҲʲô
Ʒӹ˲ƸȻ˳ǬȻĿ˵û뵽ôƺʩ֪ȱеԴ͸ˣ̫лˣ
Ʒļһᣬû޳ƺʩðȫȫƵġ
ǳûոջõûȾ䵽˳ƷУùˡ
ڿƷӣƺûͻɱֵĴ㣬ʵϣƷһκһҪǿûбѡֻܲһѣųƷ˻ŵԡ


2168 콾սϵ췭ظ
ųƷ̤ŶݹȥһƷ˵׻ûʳԶʡ
ʵ̫ˣȫ벻ͨƷôһôǿزֻƾƾͽȫȫס޷⡣
겻
֮ǸǬȫĲƸôĲƸȫƷϴһˡ
ܿ죬͵õϢƷ˵ͷһҲΨһһȷʵġ
ڶ̶̵ʱ䣬콾ս֮ڣ͹һаƷ˸֮󣬾ͿʼĴѹ֮á
˶Ʒϣʧأϰ꣬һҹصǰ
ڴ֮ǰ׷ƷƷϵĶܣ˶Ѿϰģʽʱ򣬳ƷͻȻɱ˸ǹ
Щ׷ɱˣͳͳĿ꣬ƷĿҲǳ򵥣ǽϵԴͲƸϴһգһ㶼ʣ
˳ƷĴ٣νᣬҲû뵽ƷȻ˵ĲҪ
Ȼɱ˸ǹûȥҾ͵ȶǿߵ鷳෴ģֱǡ
ǵʵûа취;͵Ტۣž޴Ĳ࣬ƫƫô̰ͼƷϵͽ𣬻д˵гƷӵеķǿߵĴС
˵Ϊ˳ƷӵеķǿߵĴУ콾սĵشˣ֪ٴλĸֺ콾׷չ˶ԳƷѲ
Ѱ£ȻжԶ߶ԶͲҿ
ƷͬȻɱ˸ǹ
ڶ̶ʱ֮УѾʮλĶ콾⵽˳ƷĶ֣ȫµĲƸϴһգһëʣ
ڳƷسŵҲûж֣ҲһϾЩԴͲƸҪҲûҪ
Ҳдˣ֪ƷĿģΪܹԾؽƸڵֿ
Ͼ֪ɵĻ˶ȱƴһģҲóƷԸ
֪Ի£ȻûԸΪ˲Ƹȥ
ϾƸٻۣ˿ɾˡ
˲²⣬ǲǳƷѹҲɱˣܿ죬ǵĲ²ͱžž
ƺóƷɱˣ翹ϽƸǱƷĿ֮򱬡
Ʒһֲʵɡ
Ҳ˶ɵϨ˽ҵ˼ƷȷʵΪ˻øԴͲƸǲûɱ˵ͱˡ
ƷжȻҲ콾ս֮ЩĸֵıŭϾƷٵЩ콾ܶ඼Ǹ֮еĺĹǸɣڶƷˣʧء
Щ̷ּͷĹ˶ԳƷ׷ȻƷƻͬһͲԻᣬֻҪǳֵĵطͲƷ
ЩҲûͼԱΪնͼճƷϹƷƺҲܹʶƣϵҲǻᡣ
Щģȴް취
Щ콾ս֮ҲǾĸֱƷˣת⻹ͷһΡ
¼ôĸ֮УƷ϶Ϊǿһ콾ս֮ϣȳƷǿҲˡ
Щĳһˣ֮󣬹Ȼ˵Ƶ¡
ͬģҲΪжͶþȫ
ͬĻʸƣٱŭҲܽפ¾
޶ʲô˵ĳƷȻΧ˵ʱ׵ѶûУͬģҲԱⱻϺţ
ûκܹץסĸţҪٶ
˵޼ɵûκܹε
£̶һµʱ䣬콾ս򣬾ͱƷ췭ظһµʱ֮Уϰٸλڵĸֱ٣ϴһգᣬʧء
Щ߸ϵĴλĸɹһĴ
ǳУҲҪüһߣ˶òʱ뿪콾ս콾սвⲿ
ûа취㿪ƷΧ׷½أǳ۾һǳĶܱƷϡ
һʱ䣬콾սĻ̻̣˾ȵķ֣ƷȻֺֺ޳ܡ
ƺҲֻЩ׷ɱˣѰûйϵں
һλĸֺͳƷӭͷײϣȻһ鶼ûУҲ档
֪˳ƷֵĹɣҲЩûԹƷĸַ׷һ
ЩԹƷЩ֣־¡


2169 ͻƣλ
̶һµʱ䣬콾սһƬɹǵԹƷв٣бƷҲв٣˻δüƷ㡣
ϾΪƷӵзʼ𴫳еĹϵ˶ͷ׷ɱƷ
񣬺ʣ˳ƷԵĿꡣ
δ˺޳֮ˣ޳ѵͲҺһսôһλڵĸַŭš
ȻûʲôôΪ˭ֻ֪ҪƷɵͲóȻЩ֡
ΪҪʱ䷢չ
Ȼô˵ʵϣû˻ľóƷǸС֮ǵС֮Ҳôͬʱս
ҲףΪ˽ƷˣȻȴûκô
Ʒٶʧ˵ǰ֮󣬳ƷЩ׷߿ʼ콾սĺĵԾڸط
ȻǳƷ׷ߣȻƷҲûҪһֱԼߡ
֮ǰƷķâ̫ʢȫڸǵĹâս֮ϵĲϻԾҲʶһ㣬ƷЩ׷Ҳʲô֮
˴λ֮ҲһƬս֮ϵٮٮˡ
еĻȸԭ𣬺Ͷ˳Ʒ֮󣬸ڳƷİ֮²ϵͻѪ뿪Ʒ󲻾ãһսһԼս
˴۾ǣȸѹԵƻ롣
Ʒ׷Ҳչֳ˾˵ʵԺͬУȻȻǶ֣ȴҲѰ콾һ
˵ɢŽ⣬ڸһھѪǱЩڻֻαȻʱƣδпܳΪ
˵ĻôδƷ׷ߵݾ൱ˡ
˳ƷȻûлԾΪЩ׷ǵĻԾ콾ս֮ϵȶ˿
ʱ콾սĵشһɽ֮ڣƷɽ֮Уץһҩֱȥ
ʱֻоڵķһ˿ֱͬʱԭͣ˵ΪȻһҩ֧֮£ֱӳϰﵽȫµľ硣
λڣ
Ʒ³⼸֣һǰƷѾͻƵıԵشһֱڣƷͻƵλڡ
ʱڵķ󣬸ͲͬĴڣսǴﵽ˾˵ĴλڣѰλڶĶ֡
Աɵ
һ֮УƷͲ֪˶ٴҩĴҩʳһԶپͳԶ١
ϰλ콾𼶱ĸֱϴһա
ЩΪ˻ȻԹԽԼǬеĲƸȻͳͳ˳ƷС
Щ콾ÿһһʱŵϣϵĲƸԴֱͬȼֵļʮ
ͬȼĸǣѰ·ȫǶ֣ᱻ׾ٵĵֻϧ˳ƷЩ˻Ҫ£Ҫ
ǵĲƸȻҲ䵽˳ƷУĴҩ֪ж٣ƷŶۺ죬кܶڶѾʧ֮䣬ֻĳһЩضʱֹĴҩ
콾ս֮Ͼۼ̫ĹŴ콾ֻҲЩҩ֡
ȻƷҲŹôûᣬЩҩѡӣڱҩɽ֮УȷЩҩϾС
бҩɽټϽɻĴʯЩҩɳǳ죬ͻÿ죬ͻһҩ죬Щһҩܹ콾ĹлһЩʥҩƳɺʵĵҩǿһӼʮĹ
˵ʡȥʮĿޣ
Щǲ֪ٸʱ˵Ļۣͳͳ䵽ƷУɾ֮·
һֱָЩ׷ߣʣµͳͳڳƷС
³Ʒһֱеλ綼ȱԴˣƷʯǽɻڼ㣬˵һҹ֮óƷ˲䱩
ƷҲôҩɽЩҩԼһĵҲʮ־˵ġ
һżŹģЩż֪ж˷ЩôȻܺͶռЩĳƷᲢˡ
һջ̫࣬ÿƳɵҩǸʱҩ͸Ƕһ˭ܸұȣƷһЦûѡɱЩ콾ȷѡˡ


2170 콾ǵĴ󱬷
Ϊ˱Щ콾Ҳô򵥵ľͽȫĲƸ
ѡŹǣΪľʱ
ν޺ƲҹݲʾˣԼĻ۲Ƹֱִĸ졣
ȻЩ콾˻һƶϴ˵ἫӰУƷȴû˿ͬ顣
Щ˶ѡģͼ죬䵽Щ˵³ҹʶģܱҹĥеܡ
ǿʳ磬ѪһУ
ƷԴȻĺܣȻܹǳƷˡ
ⲻϰٸ콾ĲƸѣһЩõĺôֻԼ
ȻƷҲôĺ֢ʲôЩ콾ĸûӴѾ˵ţ˭֪ûмϹŶԷ⵽ʱÿһǡ
ôõķЩ콾ս֮ϵľ᲻ȥô
ҲʲôŮΨһֹǵľǶЩ콾ļɵˡ
ΨгƷںõҲףӵˣ˭֪˭պ˲ҲӦǺܾ֮ˣǸʱҲѾɳΪԺЩϹŶһϸµĴڡ
ͻƵλ֮󣬳Ʒֻ΢ϲһ±»ָ˹ž޲Ϊ֪ʵȻ콾ս㣬ǻԶԶҪ콾ս֮ϳۡ
Ϊǿ콾ǹŴ콾ǵ콾ͳͳҪܣΪǿпʶλ
Ҳÿһ콾ս֮е콾뷨
ֻûʵְˡ
ͻƵλ֮󣬳ƷֹͣУתʼһδٵĴҩ̫࣬иָҩ͸ԴҲ˿٣ֻǵʳʵ̫˷ˡ
ֲٶǿƳΪĵҩģǸϵĵҩǶൽԵǶԣʲôͶ
ڣпݹǰˣ죡
ʱҴңƷͻƵλȥ˰ʱ䣬֮У콾ս֮з˾޴ı仯콾սĵ
ԭչصĴλĸֶʼ׷׳һջ֮ʵ˲С׷׿ʼѰһ
콾սĵشҲԭƽ콾֮ײ¿ʼƵ
Щ콾֮ײҲʼԽԽңΪ콾սĵĶԴЩײϡ
һһָϢ콾ս֮
֪ô˺ַ֮˾ײʸԳ֣˸ȡһ֮
Ƕʲôǿ֪й˫³Ϊӿֲ˵ѾҪͻƴλﵽһΣԼǿѹ
йʱĹʵ̫ˣൽ󣬲й˫ȻеٮٮߣȻûм뵽й֮Уֵʵǵ׷߾һǿˣ
һ콾սĿʱѾ뵹ʱ˶ʼ֣ϾһݴŽڴ֮ǰǲܹԼ㹻ǿ󣬽Ⱥᣡ
һʱ䣬ָĴ콾սֻ֮˶֣һ콾սͬ콾ս콾ҲнƵģƵԼΪ
Ϊ콾սзƣҲ֪ʲôĴƣ˶Ҫܹ֮⣬ΪҲóλ磬һλᱻԶͳȥһҲ޷ٽ콾ս
Щ콾Ҳһ·ѹԼΪǵѹƲסʱ򣬷ĻᾡѹΪͬµй˫ΪѾ˴λ۷壬ȴǿѹסΪ
һ⣬뾡ܶĽ콾սøĺô
һβͬһƲģ֮بδеĻƽʢ
ѹΪ¾͸ЩĴᱻ̭Ķ֮С
浽ʱʵʸûУֱӱ̭֡
ǳĿǣÿ춼콾ͻƵϢʮ콾Ҳǿһʱ콾ŽǰʮĴڣÿһΪط
Ƕ̶ʱ䣬Щ콾ʵ콾սʱ˷츲صı仯
ѹΪ𣬶̵ʱͻƵ˴λ硣
һʱ䣬콾սЩ콾սĸϢУһϢճ˵ע⡣
俤һսʤ


2171 ټ˼
Ϣʣ˵ע⣬俤Ů콾֮Ҳٮٮߣٰ֪Ľߺ׷ߡ
Ƕ콾˵ǵδǰ;ѰŮǵһҲǡ
ܹǵģҲΨЩŮԵ콾ſԡ
ٮٮߵ俤Ȼһ׷ߡ
˵ʵٮٮеٮٮߣһĹ俤콾ս֮Ҳٶȿ˴λ磬˵ĽʱʱǴδֹͣ
˶ҪΪƺһϸ¡
콾ս֮ϣӵвٵӵ˪һ俤˵һĹ俤Ȼܻӭ
ºһս˭пܳΪΨһĹ俤
ҹһƬ޴ޱȵɽ֮УһݣʤѩݾŮ֮УпֲϢڲϵķӿһȦһȦ˷ɢȥ
ʱƣһȦһȦϢ±ɽڡ
ѵͻƣﵽһľ硣
ɽܣһ޴ޱȵĽ磬ܣһ޴ޱȵ󷨣󷨵ܣ׻䣬ȸĴޣĴݻΣϵĳ֣ɱ콾Ӣ顣
Щ콾Ӣ콾սĵش콾Ӣ飬Ӣ飬֪Ҫǿ϶ٱҲλ۷壬лλ콾ӢҲУϵĽ
ν޷֮ϣľ賤һֱӽЩӢס
׻ͬһĽֱ֮ͣӺɨ޵УûӢܹӵһͷ׻һ
ȸڰ֮УһػΪһƬ𺣣еӢ鶼ڻ֮вϵϵٱ
ϵظźһĹ̡
ǿڴһƬѩص磬Ӣ鱻ֱӶУ˲仯ΪһƬ֮ա
󷨾ȻܹͨϵĺɱӢ飬Ӣڵ֮Ϊãά󷨵תҪ
ֻҪ˴ƣ󷨿һǧ꣬һꡣ
أ֮еŮӶȻһ۾Զ֮ϣһĲ·ʲôҪһ㡣
һ˲䣬һӰѾһƬռ֮С
ʲôˣŮӿڴȵͬʱһΪȫȫγɿµĿ񳱣ɲǼ䣬һֳֻȥ
˿˵˼꣬ң
ؾ˻䣬һֲֻĴһ˲仯ΪУڹؼʱס֪ǸŮӶڷƿѾ˺εȾ׵ĵزˡ
ƷǺЦǰݾʤǰ˼֮꣬ϲ֮ɫ
Ʒ㣡
˼꿪ڣ˫ĿᣬƺѹҲû˾ȻǳƷ
ǰ˵ģȻͬȻ˼ȴܹܵõϢȷʵǳƷû
û£˼ȥ۽ỨԾ˵
ڵΪľ˵ǹž޲ʲôܹŭҲΨ¼˳Ʒ飬𾪡
ΪǵãʮǰõϢǳƷɱ
µֵķзΪһ콾ױһ콾ɱһʱ¡
ϹŶķŭԶֻǷµŭΪϹŶ˵ûʲôȴиҪ
ھԼеɱô¼ĹҲȫҵ
Ժ˭콾񣬴ĻʳĴдӽ󶼻ϴǸǳӵĿͷ
ڵıʵ̫󣬾Ϳͱ׽ˣû֤ݣǲһֽڶѡ
õϢʱҲ絶ʣȻԶ֮еԶдϢǳƷδ
֮ʮƷδֹжĬϳƷѾˣ¾ǵʱûֱȥҲ֧Ųסˡ
Ϊһ㣬ʢŭ֮£׷ɱž콾ս˫ֹΣǾ͵ʵ֮ϣȻɱһͷʱԶԼ֮ϵľͣȴ·硣
ƣһΧȦЩ군
˽֪һ俤֮ĶԹȻʵϣ˵ǲ֮ȴǾ͡
Щʱ޿̲ҪɱͣΪƷ
ȴȫû뵽׼£ƷȻˡ
ôɽ޳ӣ˼Ծ


2172 ӱ
ڳƷģȻǺϤģʱ佣޳콾ս췭ظ֪˺֮ǣ֪Ҫɱ֮졣
Ϊͽʵ̫ˣ֪Ķ
޵ĶŹҲ޳Ļֻû뵽ǣ⽣޳Ȼ˼ĺĳƷ
޳Ȼ㣿˼һ˼ģһֻ±Űɡ
漴뵽ڽ޳ϢһƬģֻ֪ڲ֮ǰŸոޣڴ֮ǰδŹĴڡ
ǽ콾ս˵콾ս֮ϲ֪˶ʱ콾ӦŹȻȴ֪ʲô·
һеһжصɴ
ڣ֪˽޳ʵ֮֮ǰһеĲ⣬ڶͳͳˡ
Ϊ޳ѹͲʲôʱ콾ǵ֮ˣûйŴ콾ʶҲȻ顣
ңƷЦЦһζ֮ȴֻ˱ģһϮһɵģ
˼Ǹ˼ҹϤ˶̲סǰסˣǰֻԼĻþһ˲ͻʧ
Ϥؿ֮ϣϤ¶ȣȷȷʵԼ˼ĺˡ
Ϊʲôң
˼̧ͷųƷ˿˿ŭ
Ҳûȥҹ㣬ǳ˵ڱչأҴţѵһܴȥɣƷҲмΡҲ֪ҸִС²ֳ׷ɱϣҲ㱻ǣȥ
±ǣô˼΢ҧ´˫ĶųƷ
ƷЦҡҡͷȻ˵㵱Ȼǲ£ҲЩû뵽㻹Ǿˣ˵Ϯɱͣ
Һ޲ýʬΣ˼֮˸ź˵ĹâᱻϮɱӸ˵ҲҶ𣡡
˼һֱΪƷ֮ԻᱻԣҲΪĹϵŮŻƷŻΪ֮ǳ˾͡
Ʒ˼СԴЦԭôģôĻʹشˣ˵ҲС˾͵ĸ֣Сĺĳ̶ȣ
Ʒ˵˾ͣǵЦݲɵ˵һѪΪΪŮųҵôҪҵͷѪƺѼôûĹϵҲŹң
˼һ㵣ΪҲǵһ֪飬֮ǰƷ˽չ״̬Ϊʱ̫̣ݳϢ̫٣ֻ֪Ǿ˳Ʒ
ֻͺͳƷ֮ԩ޳𣬾ͻͻȻԳƷ֣ɲΪԼԵô
һֱڳƷȴûʲôϵ
ֻʱܹ뵽ʱƷжôգԵʱ͵ʵԶԶȳƷҪǿ̫̫ˣǵʱĳƷܹġ
£Ҫ߳ƷͷѪƷǴѾǳˡ
ʮ궼δ⴫һǰϢҲ֪ܵжأ뵽ֻĶҪˣѹĲС
Ʒ˼˫ȭգݽҧʱֻЦЦļ˵ȥˣжôգҶɹ˲ô͸ҵģδһӱ
ǲݾߣ˼ͷһʱΪʲôƷҪһݽ콾սˡ
ҾǲݾߣȻ˶֪Һ;г𣬵ȴ̫ںңұ¶ݣǾͲͬˣͺѽˣƷ˵ͷ˵֪ҵݣȻ뾡һа취ȽҲ˵
ȻҲã˼˵ͷҲ׵İ취ˣڳƷڰνǹ׶㰵ѷ˵ơôҵҵģ
Ϊ󣡡Ʒ˿һ󷨣ͼѾزȷʵˣ
Ʒͼס˼꣬ڣͼԭеĻ֮ϣ˼꿪һȫµĸ߶ȣ
ֵĻǴλ۷ĸҪƶѣ˵˵ĻǴλ۷ĸֶѡ
˵һؼ汸󷨣
ǣ˼еĵ˵ͷڳƷǰ˼Ů֪Ů


2173 £ͻƵλ۷壿
Ʒ˼ͼֻһƷƷûȫͼȫɹ
ھʮķչѾȫͣ˼ܹ콾սĵشзչľͼķͼķεס׷ɱ
֮У˼긶ɴ˿ɼһߡ
ڳƷǰ˼ԷһеĽǸʱŮ
˵Ǹ俤һսƷ
˼˵ͷһսʤ
ΪôţӦòǰɣƷȻһЦʵ
˼ЦҡҡͷЦ绨ʲô㣬ȻֻΪôţΪңôôĥʯ֮ͻƣεҵ鷳ҳȫǱնɱңһٳѣΪǿһС֮еһ
˼Цĺܸɾִżֲ⣬ǳƷôףǱжôľա
ƷĶˣȻԷǽ˼굱ĥʯһʹãȻ˼굱ĥʯŹ俤Ҳ⽫˼ӵкԼһƺŵ˳ֽ
ν¼ֻһ俤ֻһֵĽڶѣЩŴ콾Ϊ𣬲ϧһֶΣδֹͣ
һЩ˻һЩ֣Щǿһ̶ȵʱǾͻᶯֲЩ֡
Щ˶żΪǿţǿҲԼĶ֣ȻҲзİҲ˱ǿĶնɱ
Ȼ俤Ǵ⣬˼굱һĥʯ
ʲôΪжٰգƷʵ
ǴλڣֻһԿλ۷壡˼˵һܹնңͻƣֱͻƽλ۷壬Ժ콾ս֮۷һȺ˽棡
ѹˣƷʱ˹俤Ĵ㣬Ȼͻƴλ۷岢׷Ҫ׷ǴԲΪδһ
ǰлɱңȴַŹңһΣһս˼˫ȭգֺ֮Ȼս⡣뽫ҵĥʯȴ֪󾿾˭ĥʯ
ӦòŸոͻƵλڣмɰգƷ˼
ɶѣ˼ȻֻǳλڣνҶѾ൱̶ȵ˽⣬ɵİտԻ
俤ѹ˵ܹϮܹŹ俤ôҲӭһξ޴ɱ䡣
ȻŹ俤Ҳ˼ɳȥضͻɱ֡
ҽսӵ֮֮ҿһɵİգ
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˼˵ͷˣҲǷʣֻѰķʣͬǰһ
ƷҡҡͷɻȻҷɳ϶ԼĵƣоԵţܹ㣬ڵΪȥһսٹ£ҿǰܶʤ٣
µʱ䣬ҽٶٿ죬ҲƽҪһѶ̫ˣ˼ҡҡͷôĲ˼飬ҺʤѾǼޣ
Ʒһֶ֣֮ǰˣΪ飬£Ҫͻƽλ۷壬㵱ĥʯҪ֪ʲôԸ
£ͻƵλ۷壿˼΢ƺû뵽Ʒ˵Ļ
ʣ׵ķʣҪеλ۷Ҳ£ҪͻƵλ۷ֱǲܵ顣
Ź俤Ҳܸᣬ˷۶㵽ܹҵ˫ҲܷôӲӲײ
޿ɶ㣬޿ɱܣ
ͻ֮󣬲ŻһԼս
һͻƵλôͲκι˼ɣ콾ս֮ϣһͷԺЩŴ콾ƽƽ˿ɵС
¾ͻƵλ
Ʒ˵ͷоԵİգ
ڵʵļ֮УϹʱ̶ʮϰ֮˲ǱӢ֮⣬ȻҲٲط
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2174 £˫˫ͻ
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ȻϰλóƷĲƸһҲŻ֮Ȼ󲨡
Ļֶ̻̣ȺӽУⱻƷ֡
Ƿǳټģ콾ս֮Ϻеĸ֣콾콾һٮٮ֮еٮٮߣһ㶼Ƕ
˵ҲµʱܹټǣƽﶼѰѰһԵ
ΪƷĹϵЩ־ȻƵĽУ֪ж෽
ǳƷֻǽƣֻԹԼ׷ɱԼĸ֣¾Ҫֵķˡ
ƷҲǺٺһЦҲû˵ʲô
µʱ䣬Ҫ˶Ŀ࿴Ʒ˵
˼֮˿˿֮ɫԭԹŹ俤ֻʤ㣬߾ȫ֮Ҳֻʤ㡣
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˺˵ܹλ۷壬򲻻ŵģȴǳƷ
ֻҪ˵ģҶţ
ƷЦ˵ͷҲûԥ˷ʱ䣬ɽͼռһץɽӶץ˳ͬʱӱҩɽ֮УѾҩץ˳
һҪƵĵҩΪ߱ƵбҩΪƳĵҩڶʱڼǿĹǿսƷⲢǸõģ
Ʒɽͼڱҩɽϵ֮ץһöȻݸ˼ꡣ
˼ӹİʵϣ֮ǰƷùֹһء
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Ƭ֮Ǿ˵ʧӰ١
Ʒһ֣һöӲӵĵҩеƿ֮ڡ
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Ȼ߱ƵҪ˳Ʒµʱרƣʵϣ߱ƵҲǺķ˳Ʒһµʱơ
ʣµµʱ䣬Ʒ˴ĵҩĵҩ˵ĵҩҲսĵҩǸָ
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ƷһһУһпָ˼С
ͬʦָ˼ͻƣǰ
أһɿֲϢˣ˼Ϸӿ
˼ͻƣλ۷壡


2175 ն
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˼껰֮Уƺ˽ǰĹ俤֮սˣѹں
Ź俤ҪȫǱһնɱӶλ۷壬ֺγͬ뷨ֻҪܹܹŹ俤ȴ£λ۷練ơ
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Ȼڴ֮Ƿȱʱ䣬ôܰͰİٶС
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֮·֮·ϵͻңء
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2176 Լһս
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֣˼ľôعѹơ
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˼˵ͺѾ컨һôŬҲֻڴλ۷帽תͻƵߵľ磡
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ƷȻǵһЩλ棬Ҳ㣬ֻĳЩʵµĸֽУΪ磬λ涼ᵱ
ΪǷ򻹲ƵĹϵһ콾սȻԴḻŨĲ񻰣һ츣һǰҵĲ²⣬²Ȼγɵλ棬ǺȥģͬģΪļȥվûа취λȣֻɵλ۷ľҲǷǳģƷ˵ҲпϵĴ˹޷ͻƵλ֮ϣ
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˵Ļֻ콾սѾΪһɲĵط֪괫ĵ̣ΪݸֲĴڡ
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2177 սŹ俤
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콾սĵشһƬĮһƬĳ
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2178 ѹֲĳƷ
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˴ʧɫҪ֪Ʒǰʱ䣬νպգϴϰٴλĸ֣ʧأڲ
ʱһֲϢ漴˳ƷһֲĿ⼸ҪƷ䴩һ㡣
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ͬҪĩյһȴûа취նƷɵĵط
ͬʱƷֻǼ򵥵һָһָɫĵ⣬һɲǼֱӵ֮еš

֮еϼһҽУ˲飬ȫѪһ˲䣬ͻѪ˳Ʒϡ
һзٶ̫ˣ쵽ͬʱֵһӰ˿Ӧʱ䣬ٶҲܿ죬ֱһȭͬһɽһ㣬ųƷѹȥȭƺƴ޾ʵʮֵĺ
ȴƷһȭֱӽȭͷı鿪


2179 λڣһն

ƷһȭֱӽϮ콾ȭͷֱӴķ鿪
˱ֱӺ˳ȥֱ۾ȻѾһһıѡ
һЩСѣһҲҳҵǰ
Ʒޱȱ䣬ԣ֮ͬϵһ㡣
鷢̫ͻȻˣ˶ûзӦʱ䣬ǿĴλ콾ֻһѣȻһһش޶Կʵ̫ˡ
أƷٶȳ֣һץ֮һڱâֱնǧɳĿֲâһɲǼ䣬ͽ˵İնУ˲ըʣµİҲƷ˲ץߣۿ޷档
õ̫ˣ˸ûзӦȻܹݱ䵽ĳ̶ȡ
˿Գ֣ҪԸһƷ練Ƶ飬Ȼʵȴ˱Ʒһ͸ɱ
̫ǿˣ
⽣޳ʵˣ˵ͷɵðͷǿҲΨһֿԲпˡ
ֻžͻƽλŶõʱ䣬ȻѾزٶһʱĻεȵز
콾ߵ콾ս֮УٶҲʮ־ˡ
仹ǵãƷոս콾սʱ򣬲ֻһСλѣڣѰλĶ֡
콾ս֮У˽ٶȶܿ죬ٶҲʵ̫ˡ
ߣôĵӣȻҵǵɱˣ
أиֳˣһλڵľ֣һ˲ˣֱ̽һֳֻųƷķץ˹ȥҪֱӽץһ
Сѣɱ˱ɱˣΣƷЦһҲϵĿֲϢΡɽһ㡣
ˣһָָ֮һеһж׵ױ飬ץĿֲһҲֱһָƣĹɢ
¡¡
ضھҵĶһֲĶԾһλڵĿֲԾ
ʲôľƷȻôֲĴλڶԿ⣿ǺεȾ˵ʵ
Ѿȫȫ˵֮⣬Ҫ֪֮ǰƷɱλڵĸֵʱ򣬱Ѿ𾪲ˡ
Ȼֳ˿ԿλڵĸֵʱѾ˶ɵô۾
ȻǿôԲɳ
ʱȺ֮еļͬ飬ĳƷѾӵΪ֮ĿʵܼɳȥĻǻ˵ã
أʱǸλڵĸֱ˳һʮģ꣬һϮĳۿΪ
һ֣Ҫضζһ㣬ղųֵ˲֪Ҫǿ϶ٱ
ĺ󱲣Ϊ˭Ϊվʲôĵط
ЦһɲǼ䣬ľ֮ӿֱӻ޾֣ԲľĵطԲﶼһƬޱߵɭ֣ɭֱӻһϵ󷨣Ƭضûˡ
ÿµĹÿµ󷨣
˶ľֻоޱȵĵһϵɱϣӳʮ־˵ܡ
ڽƷУǳƷܹƿġ
˲ɵѻȸƷԱߵ˼Ѿޱ޾ûɵúȻ
ֻ𺳡
ȻĿôٶȾȻܹľ֮ľ̫ˣ¾λ۷ҲԶˣ
˿˵ȻĻ䣬һֲĽâֱ֮˺һն˿ɲǼĹ򣬾ͽֲĴм˺顣
һâֱӳǸλڵ콾ն˹ȥ
Ǹλڵ콾ӦֱһնУձ飬Ѫɢ

λڵ콾ҽһ嶼նձ飬ûֱȥȻûֱȥҲѾˡ
֮ޱȵţʵϣոͻȻΣУ㿪ôһ˿ͻᱻâмֱһն룬Դһ
ãˣ
ʱԱƺʶʲôæ
ӳƷղ޼ɵĳ֪ûκεļɵ˵־ͳˡ
Ǵʱﻹüһտɫĵâɨգһ˲䶴λڵĸֵԴ
أ
λڵĸֵԴըһֻѪꡣ
ؼһļž
˴ʱʶˣƷƺĲһǸɱ˵ġ


2180 ٱ
֮ǰ˵ӡЩͬʵϣһʱ䣬Ʒνǽ콾սֵļɹһϰλ콾
ϰλ콾ʧأҲ˴һֿ̰ӡƺƷҶɱˣֻұȱͶѡ
ȻڣƷȴһǵĻ룡
Ʒǵҳ֣ҳ֮ҲԶԶǵƺûɱһ
ôģôôֲһƴλһ
֮࣬ɵÿ˵
ʵһһ㣬ﵽĳ̶ȣֱһ̥
˼ֱţƷٶǸоԼֱǻ˹ȥһȻôеô
д콾սвǿͷǰòˣϾֻ콾սвǿҲֻɽϻӳƴǵڣȴоǸŲûд
ŵĿ˵
ڳƷոһնɱλڵĸ֮ʣһӰվ˳һֻʮģĺ꣬Ŀ䣬֮˸ź˵ɱ⡣
Ϣ˳Ʒǿս
ѪΪĺ֮һ֮ǰƷնɱຣĸ˵֪Ҫǿ϶١
λڣƷ˲жϳΪ۾ֻдλڰˣʵʵսղǸλڵĸ֣Ҫǿһ
˫սϵľԲǿͬľ磬һսࡣ
ǳƷȴܹȷȷʵͬľ磬֮սൽ˵زΪ֮ǰǸλڵĸֻѰ콾ǰ꣬һ
һôе˼ˣƷЦЦƺĿ֮£˵ĶⲢܶʲôвһ㡣
ʣһʵ֮ǿҲӹɡ
˵ĿǰΪֹƷǿĺֻ֣ǲ֪ں֮еһˡ
ΪҲǷֳɺܶģͬƷնɱĺӱһ֮㡣
ӺǰֱԵ㡣
ǰҪɱӣֻҪһָͷܽѹ
ѪϵĲ࣬úӼɳޣҲ߱ʸ
ЩСֵ̫࣬ѾûʲôȤˣĻ㹻ʸˣƷĿ˵
֮ųƷһѪɫꪣΪرһԵħһ㣬˿ʼɢơ

ĮĿڡ
׼֮Ҳͣ˽ŲɱƷĻᡣ
սս콾ֻоҪ͸ˣҪ֪ս
ڳҲֻѣʣµĶǶ콾һЩͨ콾ˡ
˵һһɼĴڡ
սǵʵ츳Ҳ׿
Ǹ޳ǿǿǺĺİ֮еһǸһ֮ѹƵ½ϵ壬ǿ֮е콾಻ԣһɱ˸ҳ𣡡
ĵͷҲŹųƺǧѽֵĻӣһ߸Ȩ˶Ȩɹ֮ʧˣһΪڱ˵߸Ȩܴ֮أû뵽ּ
кеһ콾ڣĵ֮гżɵʱ뺣ĵʱΪ֪ĵĿֲ
ҲΪˣŸļɵĵĴڡ
ȴҲкܶȻĸ𣬶ʲô֮Ȼ𾪵ͷͺպս
ΨһΥһģҲ֪ͻȻðĽ޳ˡ

ۿ˫Ҫһսʱһֱںû˵ķ֮ϵĹŹ俤ˣ֮ȴżֲݿܡ
Ź俤֮䣬˵λƺˣǱ˼һսʲôĶԹԹҪڱһս֮󣬵ǸʱҪû
ڣֱ棡
ĿڳƷͺ֮Ѳƺһ˭Ӧʰ˭ơ
ȻǿڣǱӾ͸ӣһʱ䣡
Ƭ֮󣬺Ĵƽȿ˵


2181 Ծ
ƽĿ䣬·ҪܳƷҲֻǷǳ򵥵ˡ
Ҷһʱ䣿Ʒһֻ֣һЦ˭˭һʱ䣬һء
޷ҽٳ֣ʱ˼ڿ˵
˼˵鶼΢΢һ䣬ǵڣ˼Ҳû˿ʾ෴ģǿƣ˵ǿƵЩ˵֮ˡ
ôĿŹ俤˵
һߣ˼ֻЦһ˵Ϊʲô㻹ǺܴĿô
ʲô
ֻ˭ܹ˵óڣ
Ҫ֪Ź俤ǿ𣬼ڳҪϣŹ俤ʵ츳˿Ҫδп֤Ĵڡ
Ƕܹо˼ţȫ˵󣬺һͷݷս
˵ȫ˼굽زִֻһʼǹŹ俤ģ˼겻ǱӦսѡ
ֵ֮£˼ʵȻӦòҲùŹ俤ʼոǼȻŹ俤аգôʤȻߣ˼ꡣ
ֻǿ˼ӣƺȫ²Լĥʯ
ɻ󣬲Σ˶ɵĺˣǴλĸ֣ǧٴεսѹһʱ˵ĳһʱ۵콾
ڣ˼͹Ź俤һսսҪСпҪ䣬˵Ҳǰδе顣
˼ĻŹ俤ֻüͷһһ˫һ˵Ľâһ͸գֱѹ˵ꡣ
˷׷ÿγһսǡ
ƷҲ˶һߣܹоõΧֲϢղųƷչֳ˾˵ʵ׾ٵĽһλڵĿֲڣڳвֹһ𣬶Щ˵Ʒûʲôµġ
Ǽɵ俤ʤһսֻ˾Ҫˡ
Ȼûж֣ҲԾԵϢס˳Ʒ·һ˲е·޿ˡ
Ʒ˫ֱ磬һڵģ·֪Ա⼸סˡ
аԾƷ˼һֵıһ˸ģƺȫ˵вϡ
˸ӺǣƷ˼ʲôϵȻʱߵһ
Ҫ֪콾ս֮УǳĶ˼޵ĺʹ˵ĻЩ磬ǴӪĸ֮⣬ƷһֱǵǹƥҲκһˡ
ȻҲûа취ܹóʲôͷ
Ҳ룬Ϊʱڳе俤Ѿˡ
һǿϢƽӾֺ̣ըһ㣬ֱӳ˷ϯ
ǹŹ俤ˣ
ǿ
ͷɵ΢΢һֻüֱ󣬹Ź俤֣ղǸλڵĸҪǿ̫ˡ
ôȻǿƵ󣬺ֶ콾ȫͬġ
ж콾ɵԸŻǲԸţóϣЩȷʵԶԶ֮ϡ
ԭ߸ϵЩҲɵ÷׷׵ɴ۾ԹŹ俤ʵ˵Ժǳƽ߱ǲһЩǶǷʣûʲôϵĲࡣ
δʱܿ׷ǣƽƽ
ǺǿһսƺҲ˼һһֵĿԡ
һǿϢңϯԶ콾ɵˣɫ԰ףŲЩģ֣·Ǽ˹һ
ֲɱȵķ·Ǵ󺣿һÿռ䶼Ҷ
һɱϯ˼ϵʱ˼·ܲһͬ棬Ϊ
ҵزҪһȻΪô˼˵˫ƽһСһЩ꣬ն㣬ͬγҰһ򵥣
ͷֱ˼겢ǲȴȻûʧȥеѵõġ
Ȼ˼꣬ϾǱӦսƶƿС
ϻ˵ҵҪܹӵסҼУҪʧŹ俤Ŀƽ˼Ѿһˡ
ʱѡĸոպã˼㹻ǿֲǿܹвԡ
һеһжѾƺˣô˼귭̡
µķɢһҫ۵Ĺâ߲ʵĹâĹ꣬Ƭʡ


2182 ̫죬ˣ
Բͨĳ෴ģҲһΪǿķʱڻõĳһ֮ҵģϹʱĳһǳǿŮʿµķ
ս޵У
֮ϵľͷɢһַ֮Ϣƥ
콾ɵ÷׷ױɫֻһѣ˸оֱ޷⣬Ź俤ֵĻǺεȾ˵Ĵڡ
Ȼ֪ǼٵģܸоǾͷķһ
˾˵
ľͷĻļֵ޷ˣ¾ʶһսɣ
⣬ֻо
ɲǼ䣬һܷɨգ˳ĺ⣬ɨգֻһɲǼ䣬ȻֱӺɨһУ˼ꡣ
˶ڿ˼ôӦԵʱأ˼ĵӰŰΧס
ֱӺķײĵӰ֮ϣƿĵӰֻ˿ֲıը
¡
˫ͺײһ񷶼֮𶯣µ˼£˫ײγɵĿֲâĹɢ
һһսನɢ˷˶Ҫ飬ڳĻܹ׵վŵĲûм
ʲô˾˼ĵӰûб飬෴ģ
飡ȻûŹĹ俤󣬼Ķ㿪Ź俤׷ɱ˿һۣϾϳĵӰʲô
˼׻ȸ䣬ɵεıС
һܷ֮ϲϵײֲϢ໥ɢµϢ˶ɵõ
Ź俤ԼĹ赲סˣҲû˿֣˼꽻ôΣ˼㱾¶ûУܱѡгΪĥʯѾˡ
֮ϣŹ俤һԾ𣬻ɢ߲ʵϼ⣬еĺϵŮһ㣬ǵأɨϡ
˼Ҳ˿ͬɢһ⡣
¡
˵ײž޴ޱȵĴǵײֱӽ񷶼ըѿ
ڶ̶ʱ֮ڣѾϰУһһıըѿ
˿Ŀɿڴ̫ˣ˵ʵ涼Ѿﵽ˴λڵ۷˰ɣֻ벽ͿԿλ۷˰ɣ
Ź俤ʵҵûʲôֵģʵԭˣֻǵ俤ҲδЩǿƵĹˣ̫СˣȴȻս
˴ʱ˼֮ǰĻĻ˼նɱ俤ͬǰβһ
֮ǰǻڴţһδؾǴţˡ
˼ֳʵܹҲ֣
ٸһЩʱ䣬йŹ俤ô࣬Ŀ׾ٵնɱŹ俤
Ҳ˲ɵøоôһô࣬оͣȻ˼꣬ÿһ겻㳤Ƕ˾˵սĴڡ
ѵͬ˵Ų
񷲻ϵըѣĿ򱬣˫չ˵
ľҲܿ챻ƣս˫˼ԽսԽǿƣһߣŹ俤˪ƺмء
һҲ֮У˼ô׻ܵĻҲͲѡĿˡ
Ҳˣҵһĥʯѵû̫죬ᷭô˼˵͸뵣꣬˵ĶС
ԭһ뿴㻹ʲôƣȴû뵽Ҳˣôʱ䶼޶˹ϰɣ˼䣬ȴмֿ⡣
ôʱ䣬Դӽ콾ս֮㲻ϵıѹڣڰһ֣ݺݵĳһ
أ˼껰䣬˶ʲôʱ
һըѿȴ˼ˣֻǼ򵥵һĳ⾧Өȥһƾͽĵı
һԾ˵ٶȺᴩһУ˲ŵ˹Ź俤ϡ
Ź俤ʱһ˼սϰٻغϣΪѾ˼ʵҲˡ
˭룬˼ͻȻı˳ֵǿȣ֮ǿԶʤڸղš
أ
һ׼ȷؿڣŹ俤һҽУƶߵķһ㵹˳ȥ
ۣ
Ź俤һѪشݺݵ䵽·ɽ֮Уͬײһ㣬ײһ󶴣Ϊģʮ


2183 ǿȫ
⾪˵ıȫ
һĻҲǵ֮УǶȱӦǷġ
Ϊ²ĵǹŹ俤µľ֣˼굱ĥʯǼʶıãӦǹŹ俤ҪǿƵģࡣ
Ȼȱܹ֮ˣʵ̫ٷҲᱻ֮Ϊ漣
վ̫̫٣
ʵȴݺݴһ⣬˼ǿƻڹŹ俤֮ϣֱ˼顣
ǾʵѹŹ俤ûֶεĻֻԷˣһ콾𾪵˵
ڴ֮ǰһĻǴš
Ҳĳ治ʲôͶȡɣʵѹ
һ۾Ź俤ֻĳ̶ȣǲ̫ʧˣľ֣ȴ˷ֱ̣ǧЦ
ôܣ
Ź俤ɴ۾·Ǽ˹һǼ˼ʵȻڿѹ˼꣬ҲʮİտԻɱ
˭룬һ棬˼͸һľϲ
˼ϲɫһս˵ȷʵһս
߾ȫҲܴﵽЧһѾˣ
ȫɣȻûˣ˼ƽ˵ָ֮߸ϺͲ¶ǿƣ𾪡
˶ĳ˼֮־ԵţԲװġ
Ī⻹ȫʵ𾪵뵽
˰д⣬˼꾿ʲôƣȻ˵á
Ź俤ʱüԣĿ䣬ָ߸ϵ̬Ȳ
ʱӸ߸ϵӦԼ
Ź俤ҧ˵ãããõĺܣ
Ȼʶһ£Ҿͳȫ㣡
Ź俤ϴżЦݣϵķڿ˦ȥղеǱ
䣡һɱȸղŹ俤ıҪǿһ֮ͷ˳
Ź俤ԣޱ飬ͺһصŮһ㡣
˿һĻɵĿɿڴԭǹŹ俤صʵ
˵ԭֻǴλ۷ĻôڵѾһֻſ˴λ
Ѿ㵽ˣµģ̤Ͳ̤㣬ȫͬն
ʱĹŹ俤һɲǼ侹Ȼ˼ķ
ֻһ˶ѣȻɱǧƣһֽζ
䣡
һɿֲƳ˼ķͨǵصĿ񳱡
ȴʱ˼겻Ųæʩչһȭƻ֮ϵһ
̬ţȻһ㡣
һȭǵĻʳĳʩչһȭ⵱Ĺ俤ȻǳĴУһ콾Ŀɿڴ˵ƺȫĲ˼顣
˾ôѣˣôһŮԾ˵ʵ޹ǡ
ֻǺѡԷⲻͬǸŮѾϺŵĶǿҲҪ
ǻ۷׷֮ʣս֮ϣ俤Ѿײһ
Ź俤н⾳Ȼƾ⾳ݻһƬսɳ
˼Ҳͬʩչȭƾ֮ϵŮ˷֮Уս֮ϡ
ɲǼ䣬˫ںݺײһ𣬳˵ϵǣǾ֮ϵŮȻһȭͺսɳһ޵еơ
ۡŹ俤⾳ƣ⵽˿µķɣʱһѪ˳ɫһƬҰףȻ⵽ش
⾳ƣ⵽ش˱ƶߵķһ㣬˳ȥ
ⲻܣŹ俤֮ϴżֲ˼飬Ҳż顣
ڣ㲻ʲô
Ϊʲôһлȫƿأȫͬ
㻹û׹ô˼ЦһҵʵԶԶ֮ϣԭͿһɱ㣬ûУ
㲻Ǻϲè׽Ϸôھһʲô˼쳣ƽ˵
˴ʱ뷨ֻΪ˱Ź俤һϷˣĳޡ
ѾûȤˣ԰ȥˣ
˵ʱʱ죬˼ʱһȭһȭŮ·ء
Ź俤ֻо֮󣬾ȻûԼ֮أһ޾ľ
ʱ˼굱ٵľǻҪ
оλ۷壡Ź俤ɴ۾ԼΪʲô﷭ˣ˼Ȼ˴λ۷壬󣬲ֶҲҪͻƵľ磡


2184 λ۷ľ֮ս
Ź俤ܹоĳ˼ڵľ磬˼ĺҪﵽĴλ۷ô
˼ĺ룬Ϊ˽ΪƵλ۷壬˼ȴѾˡ
ƾʲô
Ź俤˫֮˸˵⣬ƺǼΪķŭƾʲô˼ܹһ
һӦöƿ֮вŶԣȻʵȴݺ˦һ⣬ֻڴеķ飬Ҳˡ
ֻǰЩˣƷʸԷΪĥʯ飬ȴûϵʳɳǺεȾ˵ٶȡ
ȴͬҲǷʣ˼ҲֻǷʶѣôܷ
뵽ҧŭһԶԶȥɲǼ䣬սָ˾ۣϵҲѾָ
ֻһ£ͷѾһ룬Ȼ仯˫֮ȴȻ˼ֲɣ
֪ӦǽɵȼԼ¶ʹã޷ĺ֢һѾûʲôˡ
Ź俤ӱ䣬Ķס˼꣬ҪôնɵҪôҽձΪӢеһ֣
Ź俤ô˵˼ϲɵ¶־飬漴¶Цݣ˷ҵĶ֣֮ǰ̫ѿˣ
Ź俤һϵϢĿֲϵͻƼޣȻһ·жϣͻƵ˴λ۷塣
ⲻʱͻƣ̤㵽ֻʵ̫ˡ
ԭ˳ͻƵһȴҪطͻƵһȼԼһΪۡ
˵һ˷۱ߵһǾԲٶãĻһжΪС
ʱѾƵ˾ȼһδпֲ˼һ˴ıôδ˼ꣿ
Ѿûб·ˣΨлɱǰ˼꣬һִ̫ˣѾҪΪħֻնɱ˼꣬пܻһִ
۷ս
콾Զ𾪵˵˫֮ж˸ž
˫˫˴λ۷壬ֶž˴еⲻ۷սô
콾ս֮У۷塣
˼ҲͬԾԾԣΪ˹Ź俤ħ෴ģʱŹ俤αأҲͬҪɱŹ俤
˫زҪȴԹ
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2185 һָ
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2186 Χ
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ʱһһ۵վ˳ݿʣǳʲټһֳȣһѹӵģΨһľһߡ
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ٻӣ˵Ǹ꼻һֵİٻٹٻʵ̫ˣңԶ֮УҲһصĴ˵˵ÿһİٻҲֻһˣÿһ˶ǵ˫ļѹӣ֪жٵŮΪǵ׷ߺͰĽߣЩİٻˣÿһǴҴҳ֣ͻȻʧֻĴ˵û뵽Ҳ̲סҪ⽣޳ˣϳѹӵȻǴ˵еİٻٹ
˵޳Ҳֲ̫ˣֻλѣȻܹЩλɾʵ̫ˣ
޳㲻Ҳܣ
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2187 ͷЦ
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ϵ꽫̫أڳ콾ǾȻûһϵó꽫ģֻͨжϵĳǵĽ
ڴĻʳ֮ǰһЩоľţʤǼʶǣҲ֪⾿˭
𽫳ƷΧסɵ󷨣ƷС
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ʱԺ֮ѾɱΣģҲΨһ㣬Ǿǽ˼ʬΡ

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2188 ǵǲǹӲ
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˵ʱʱ죬ƷޱߵķϯһɲǼ䣬ֲ֮ڷӿٶȿ쵽˼£˺绯֮󣬼оȫµʱ䶼ͣˡ
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ȻʱһӰһ˵ٶȺɨٶ̫ˣ쵽һտɫһ㡣

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2189 һ˵
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⽣޳׳Եʲôҩ֮ǰôδ˵콾˵ǴʱȻҲ֪Ʒʵ϶̷ĵҩйϵֻǲ֪Ʒ̷ľʲôҩ
⽣޳ʲôͷôԵôĹ죬ǿǰʱֹĻܼ콾ս֮ϣۼôֶ콾Ȼû֪⽣޳ʲôж콾ɵŵ˵
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һһ޴ĺֲǹâڴƷƵʱ򣬾Ȼһһı鿪

꽫ʱ˳ǹǴʱѾˣƷʩչĺ绯ֱڽ²ȳһĲƣٶ˼£һɲǼ䣬Ѿһâ嵽꽫ǰ
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֪˭ˣŹ˵һĩڣֹһս壬ս֮һٶս˷˵ǴŹâж콾ɫص˵ЧҵǸ֮ʧӰˣ˶ΪѾˣȴû뵽ǵûһڣ
ҲŹĴ˵ĴڵͬеĴڣͬ콾ǸĩǸ·壬֮Уûһ֮Уһɱһʱ
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޳ұƵزԺˣҪ
ʱ꽫ŭһԴӳûôǱֱƵ˾·ŭӡ
ȫķطĴ߶֮£ȻԭҪǿһ롣
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ڵѪɫսһػУĿ䣬ȻƷ˽


2190 ɱ
꽫ƵزҲνŭɶûԼǱԭΪԼܹʮþȣ³Ʒ˭룬ǳƷĶ֡
һѪɫĳһһƬ񷣬ֱӺɨ񷣬ããޱߡ
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ƷһϢڲϵҩǿڷŰ߱ƵĿֲҩ֮Ű
Ǽ¼ڵʱ֮ϵǿҩǵоΪĿֲҩ굤ܹһɹǿ֮ͻΧ֤ʣȻûܹսµֶΡ
£ƷԸЩҩزҲûʲôѡ
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ȭֱӺɨǸ꽫ǰ
Ǹ꽫еĳǹɨƷȭͷײһ

һײĲ˷ɢǿˣʹ񷿪ʼҵĲ
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һ˲䣬꽫еĳǹɳȥƻһ㵱ɢȥ
ǲ
ʱǸ꽫ֱ۷ѵĵˣѪ죬ȴƱը
Ʒһȭıը
Ѫ罦Ѫ
Ǹ꽫ҽģȥ
ƷĿ䣬ǰȥʱǸ꽫ˣսô꣬û֮ͬУδ̶ֳܹȵ˺ģмĿԣܹɱġ
Զսĸ콾㶼Ҫ˶ɵˣⷴҲ̫ˡ
ղŻԳƷΧڲ²⣬Ʒܶɲһˣ˭룬Ŷ̶̵ʱ䣬ƷͷɱشڸҪһϾ·
ֱǹ˰ɣƾŵҩ֮һսȴʵʵģ¾֮УҲͷһݵģ
ھãƺͲʣô֮УǶһ޶ģӦ𣡡
Щλ콾Ʒľʵ𺧣ԳƷʱʵȷʵԺɨ콾ս
ңʱ꽫ˣæһ
㣿ܣ
Ʒմ֮ϣ·һ߸ϵoһ㡣
ֱӺ嵽Ǹ꽫ǰֳ֮ץһڱ͵һնȥ
ͣ
Ǹ꽫һҽУֱӱնϣ嶼ھΣĶ
ոķҲűնϵţһɱһʱĿֲڣȻӱһն롣
֮˸žͲĵ飬Ʒƾŵҩܹ֮սİ
Ҳûʱ룬Ϊһ˲䣬Ʒ˻Ȫ̤һ£ֲĻȪˮûƬ߿գֱӽ꽫ͷ­ȱ
һʱΪ֮޵꽫
ʬҲƷɽͼĿռ֮С
һУ˵ʵ򲻹Ƿǧһʱ򣬴ʱͯͰٻӲŸոɱ
ǸոɱͿ꽫䣬ʱоӴʱĳƷһּΪΣյĸо
ͺǻͨ˵ʱɽҰ޵ָоΣա
ǸоǣƷϵϢȻղһսûܽڵҩĴ
ⵤҩҲֲ̫˰ɣ֮˶ôô
ж콾ɵ뵽
ǲ֪ڳƷ˵֮ǰùһתϽ𵤣תϽ𵤣תϽ˵ʵƽ̫ˡ
תϽ𵤣ʵһأͬģҲҪ˺ѿ֮ȣ߱ƵҩԶͬն
Ҫ֪ǿǾתϽ𵤵ļ򻯰汾תϽ𵤾ǷǿҲͬΪѡ
ϣһǾҪ
ٻص˵ʱﻹѹӵģž˵ս⡣
˵֮ǰ˻Ը̥ûоȫĻôڿǸ꽫Ѿ˳ƷϣҲ˿֣ĻȴǵĽͺ꽫Ҳûʲôˡ
ͯҲ˵ȻҲͬٻӵĻ鵽ڣ˫Ѿû·˫ǲݣһ²пܡ
ֻʱҪɱƷƷбҪǵĹߣ콾ս֮ϵ


2191 ٻӣͯ
ڣǲܲףƷбһ壬ԵĿ꣬Щ
˵ǹеģǵʺʵ֮ͬ˭ôרǣֱǸܵ顣
һԺɨһȺͬĸ֣ǲѴ֮
ֻһˣͼ˵פرƵľˣУͬĶ콾
˶αƵ˾·֪Ͷ콾Ĳж
֮ͬ£һҪնɱһѶ̫ˡ
ЩĸǶĸûоԵıֶΣҪնɱЩ𣬼ǲܵ顣
Ժ˸ҽıָЩ
ƫƫˣһˡ
뵽ϵɱŨƷбԼô򵥣ûе·ֻһһѡ
أһ˲䣬ͯˣϣųҫ۵Ĺââ²Ȼ˿ֲķЩķǵͯڵ
ֻ֮䣬ͷ·ܹ˺ѿ
ͯҲǳȫˣ
ˢ
һ˲䣬ͯеĳһɨض𶯣һֱն˳Ʒ
ƷҲ治ɫȥȻҪӲֲһ
ҾͲˣ
ͯһ۵̺֮ž˵ŭԼƷСˡ
һնһܹصĵ
أ
ƺ͵âֱײһ
âи·ҪƷƸиһزͯҲͬķ˼£ղŵĵâҪֲ̫࣬ͬһУҲһһ
âնÿһεײһֲֽһ絶ĸоͷ­Ҫը
һȴûа취ƿƷƣƷ֮ÿһë׶ž˵ķЩֲĻס⾪˵ĵâ
ƷƾѰķЩ
£
ͯһȫķУֲĵŰ񷻯һƬĺԵâǿ˺ֹһ
ƷЦһһӣָȭһȭ˲ֻ֣ǱƷķڱΡ
ǳԽ˴λĸ֣򲻿ܿƷصİ˲ȭ
䣡
һȭٶȺ˵ͯĵâ֮ϣһڱ֮ϣȻ˹ѵĺۼһһըѿ
ۣ
ͯһѪģˣڸղŵײ֮У˴յ֮ϣѾѪ죬ڱѡ
˶óͯڸղŵײ֮У˴
ҪɱôδҲе̫ǱˣƷ˵ǰ
ͯûһѪٶһ߰ȻСţȴͷͬʱû콾Ķ֡
ôǵС
ȴû뵽ȴڳƷϳ˴
ڳƷҪһ׷ɱͯʱ򣬰ٻѾԱ߻ȲϵɾֲĿ磬ÿһ׵Ľλĸ˺ΪƬ
ԶЩλ콾Ͷ콾ڲЩ֣ÿһǵȻֲĻǸƷ
ߣ
ƷϢףһ֮˫ֳһ˺˲ͽЩ˺飬ܶ˿Ӱ졣
ųƷһȭȭᴩգһȭ䵽˰ٻӵǰٻˣҪ㿪һȭ
һȭȭѾˣҪӴܣҲûκӴ뿪Ŀԡ
ƴˣ
ٻӸûбѡ񣬸ֲֿͨѧһ˲˳ҪԿֲһȭ
ǸûκεôЩͨѧ໨꣬ÿһƬ궼شһλĸ֣ٻҲƴȫ
ЩȴƷһȭᴩƻһʮᣬһȭ򷨡
أ
ȭ˰ٻӵؿڣٻӶӦͱһ󶴣ͳͳը鿪˲
һ˵ֻƬ֮䣬ͯʱӦҪߣٺͳƷԿѾɱ˵ӡ
ǴʱﻹüһɲǼ䣬ͱƷ׷ϣ߸ϣӸ¡
Ʒٶʩչ˻Ȫ̤һһ㣬ֱӶ˳գ˲Ͳ˵ͯ
ֻͯüһҽ֮ͱȵķѣ˲Ͳ˳ƷĽ¡


2192 콾
ĿŰٻӣͯ꽫𱻳Ʒնɱһ˵ʵ򲻹ֻǷ˶̶ʱѡ
ûüӦ֮Ȼ˫սγɵӰһսѾˡ
һͷˣ
һ콾ӵĿ˵ʣʱĳƷǵѾǳΪ콾ս֮ϵһͷ
е𣬶ܹ֮ΪһͷʵϣҲֻе˴λ۷𣬲ܹ콾ս֮ϱ֮Ϊͷ
νͷܹưһĴڣδеλ۷𣬹ȻѾʮֵǿƣ֮ǣʵȻѹ콾սȻ̸һͷ
Ʒľ磬Ŀãֻλѣսȴ˶ľ硣
ʵϣزʲôû壬ӵеսǺһеı׼
ƷٶҲ̫ˣǰ콾սʱɿԸ洳˲Сͷ콾
ǲǶ̶ʱ䣬ƷĳɳٶȾѾﵽѰ޷ĵز
ȻڳƷս˵ҩǵҩֲϵ˶óϣԳƷʵҲѰܹȵġ
ǳ״̬µսҲӦֻѾΪ˾ͷѹסƷһͷ
ҲֻѹһͷˣӸղΧƷܹóΧƷҲûа취ܹѹƳƷ
ʱƣƷһδΪս֮һ𶥼ľͷ
µǣ뵽ǣľͷսѾⶥ£ƷԲϲϵĽ
ò˶ã콾սҪΪһ˵̨˿ơ
콾¾Ҳδܹκε
һ˾ͿԽ콾ս֮ϵ
˵ʣһ־޴в
ҲΪʲôղڼûôͨ£Ǻԥ;໥֡
䱳ĸԭӹɣ˶ܹĳƷһĻǺεȾ˵в
ǵľҲԲֻܽ콾ս֮ϵľδӵ·֮ϵľϵ
ֻ˶ʶˣʱҪѹƳƷѾ̫ˣƷѾɳ˿ԿǵѹƵĵز
ʱƣƷʵֻһǸʱ򣬾ͲνѹƳƷˣҪֹҪƷϾɱˡ
ԤĳƷʱλľ֮߱ʵǲǲܵġ
콾֮Уһ֮ѹʱѾѵõǿˣһ֮ѹ콾սĻǾ͵һ֮ѹš
ѹʱ
ǿĴڣȴҲûܹ˵ĵز
콾ս֮ϣֻûܹѹƵסˣ콾ȫ֣ϧһдۣྪž޵ҲҪ£ǲпƵ˽޳֮ƣ
ж콾˵֮ҲͬǰᣬѾൽҲףǸ顣
Щ𼴱ҪƳƷ˼Ҳһ֣ϾЩ˴֮жԹҲʤǻʸ֮໥ԣʹûֹͣ
ЩеĶԹпܵģǽֻǾ˰ˣȫ˶ˡ
ۿܻ䳬ʮλ䣬˶Ǳ䣬Լ
콾ս֮ϲУ絹пܣϾڵǿҲֻһ֮еܹն
ǿƣȥ֮󣬱ȻϹԳɽɣ
ûϹԳ֣ͬҪκʵ̫ˣ
콾۷׷ףǶ⣬ƷΪΪֲĹѾԽ콾ĲΡ
Ѿ뵽ʹУչɣԷϹԳƷ
ͬ˵ľѾʧȥȫģҲκβóƷǡ
˾һڵ쿴俤ֳʤˣ
һ˷׷̧ͷȥȴ֪ʲôʱ˼͹Ź俤֮սƺҲѾֳʤ
˫սȫðŽ⣬ѪƬգѰ˸ơ߶ŮӣȴԵй֮
ǧеĽ֮˫ڷֳʤŹ俤Ѫˡ


2193 Ź俤ʱ䲻
ڳƷٻӣͯ꽫նɱʱ俤ĴսҲѾҪֳʤˡ
˼Ľ֮£俤ˣ˫ĵֳ̲˲ࡣ
ԭһֱǹŹ俤ĵռϷ磬Ҳ˼ҪĶֹ࣬һν콾ս콾ս֪ꡣ
˼Ϊ콾ʵ۵̶ԶŹ俤ġ
ڣ˼ȴ̵ʱ֮ڣ˷ռϷ硣
ؼĵȻǵõ˳Ʒİеʵ䣬ͻʾ׫дĻʼս䣬۵̣ܺͳƷᲢۡ
ڳƷİ֮£˼ڶ̶̵ʱ֮ھͲϵĲࡣ
ټ˼˴λ۷壬Ź俤ǿпĴλ۷壬ͺǿ
ʱڣԺ˼꿹⣬·磬ƺ
ʱƣǿͻƽλ۷ɵ⣬ͻᱩ¶Ȼû˼ƽ͡
Ź俤ˣϿѪȻĿ⻹ϵĿƷƺжϳƷ᲻⾪һս
ղȻں˼սȴһֱעųƷķ򣬿˳Ʒ׾ٵնɱ
ƵĴλ۷壬ʵҪǿһȴƷնɱ
˵βŵùǺ
˵ټʵʼ·磬ű˼ץסᣬһش
˵ͬʱҪˣű˼ץ˻ᣬƷȻûж֣ȴԱ߿ţǿֲƻδɢ
ľսǣƷڵҩĿֲȻûɢȥ
ǷǳģҪ֪Ҳ֪һЩܹĵҩһ̵ܶʱ֮ھͻɢżΪصĺ֢
ǳƷⵤҩҩԳڣѾʮ־ˣ֪κһֵҩӾˡ
Ʒӣƺⵤҩҩûɢʱ򣬾ûеҩԳƷֳսҲԶв˵ˡ
֣ʤ֮䣡Ź俤ŭһʮֲġ
Ʒ䵭˵Ҳδ֣ԻùƽһһĻᣡ
ƷȻĴʵϣһʼûдŹŹ俤˼صĳ𣬳ƷͲưոݡ
ҲȷʵûвֵĴ㣬ԭܼ򵥣Ϊţ˼ʵնɱŹ俤Ҫ֡
㲻õģ˵˲֣Ͳ֣
ƷĻùŹ俤ͫ΢΢¶˼ַŭ飬Ʒ˼֣ǲΪԭ򣬶Ϊ˼ն
ȻҵزǻڵģŹ俤һ˫ַ֮֮ɫҳʼδ˸ң
ΣʱնͬβݣѶȣ˼ǰһ޵еš
޵֮ҲͬһһģһθϮ̣ľȻһҲն
Ѱ𶼴ﲻľ磬ΪѰҪͬͬĸֶǳѡ
˵ǽնɱǼǲܵ顣
ɱ
Ź俤һʱɱ춯أؼ侹Ȼݻǧ˼ķ򺷲ηɱ
УŹ俤ŷһȣزǺޱˣֱӳ˼ķɨ
ʱѾûչעڲԶ۲սĳƷΪûа취˼꣬ͻᱻ˼ɱû취ȥܳƷ顣
˼ڿնܣ׻ȸ󻯵Ի˳ս֮УɨһУֱӽսˡ
춯صķײķĲ񷣬Զս콾ϡ
˼һڳ᳤գâ춯أֱɨǧɣֱӽ˺ѣ񷡣
ֱӺ͹Ź俤лĳꪺײһ𣬷񷡣
Ź俤ԽսԽϵѪȺƾκһ㣬Ҳ
˼ǲŲæϵŹ俤ײ˫Ľֵû˿ͷٶȼѰ콾ҲԿõĵزȴӿ£й¶ĿֲܹѰλ۷콾
ʵڳĳǼ֮⣬ûдλ۷콾ȴûһҳ֣ΪԼЩ֮Ĳࡣ
һٶ˥ߣŹ俤ʱѾˣ
һ콾ĿĶס˰֮дսˡ


2194 Ź俤
콾ɫأҲףŹ俤ʱ䲻ˣνһٶ˥ߣŹ俤ڲƾһܹ˼൱
һһжˣǾʲôûˡ
Ψ̵ʱ֮ڣشǺɱ˼꣬һʴӳƷ
ҪܳƷڵģ
ƷɢΣյϢû˻ΪвǼٵġ
ʵڹŹ俤֮ϵѾ˳Ʒϣ۹Ź俤λ۷ľͷˡ
˫ʵͲһϵģ
˿Ź俤ܹ˼꣬ҲҪһ˼ֲĳƷʤǲܵġ
ΨһļʾǴӳƷѣǾѾǷǳ׵ˡ
ʤǸȫȫܵ飡
ս֮еˣȻҲѾʶˣսŹ俤Ľ˼ȴĳȣΪʤȯգֻҪȥǹŹ俤ڡ
Ѫ䳤գ֮УճһΪҵĻ档
Ź俤ϵĺɫȹҲѾһ£죬Ƭضս
˼ȴ·Ǿ֮·Ůһһս֮ɱԴǰ·ϣѪǷɽɱز˫Ѿɱ۾Ѿƴ
ɱɱɱ
Ź俤ڴûбƵϵʱȴô꣬ͷһαƵϡ
ǱһԶԶ˸Ƶϣò׽޵еһ財
еĳꪺ᳤գضɢǬѣֲâĹ꣬Ʈɢ֮䡣

ꪺͳڰ֮ײ𵴳˿µĽ籩һϯ
ۣ
һξ˵ײŹ俤ˣϿѪˡ
ѪȾսףսڣѾˣȫھΡ
˼ֱ׷ȥֱһȻһն
䣡
â˺ѿ񷣬Ѫɽ𣬹Ź俤һƺߣѪգһûն롣
ҲؼʱƳϰŶ㿪һ
ǼˣҲش
һΪܽŹ俤նɱ˼ǰγѹȣŹ俤˵ʱ䡣
أ
أ
أ
˫Ľֻڼ˼һش֮󣬹Ź俤ҽҪƵǽǡ
ȫƣڸǣȫȫƵ˾·ԽԽǼѡ
֮ϣĽڽڰˣ׼ȷ˵Ӧ˵ǹŹ俤ϵı˼׷ɱ
ԶԶһĻȻѾԤϵһ㣬Ź俤ϱ׷ɱʱ򣬻˺һֲ˼ĸо
ңԶǰͳĹŴ俤һʵȷʵǿᣬֻϧ˵Ĺ俤
콾һһǿᣬԲЩϷԵĩʱ
콾ĸоʱȫͬǴһΪӵ²ϵķչģŷĶǹŲ
һһǿ
ÿһһǿǴʣѧ۵Ƴ³£ǲϵ߳ǰ߱ǿ֮·
˵һһǿ
ȴһ£ΪйΪԻ͵ĹȥڵʱԶԶȲϹ߲ʱĻԻʱ
ŷǽţҲãҲãǸĵرԴˣԽǹϵģҲԽ
ңԶңԶϹĩھʹ콾ǿû취ǸʱĻԻᲢ۵ġ
Ź俤ܹӵ˾˵սֵܹڣѾһִ۾ĸоŹ俤˵
Ź俤Ƶ˾·߾ȫȫڷŹâڲϵĻָƣȻǶطͷ׵ĸˣȻˡ
ûбѡ񣬵زҲҲΨƴһлʤĿԡ
ͣ
ͼָʱ˼Ŀֲâ⾳ݻľ޴սһͽ
С嶼˺ѿ
ۣŹ俤һҽУŭʱ򣬼ǱƵ˾·ޱȵ
ϵĹâʤҪָƣͬʱһ˵ĽâҲӵĺˣϵ˺ڻָ˿ڡ
ΣŹ俤ڲˣΪѾȥˣȴ۾ԡѪļΪʹ࣬ȥ
Ź俤


2195 콾
նɱ˹Ź俤֮˼ޱĽʬ֪Ʒá
ܶڱ˵ܣƷȴ˼꣬ͬô꣬ѾԽһС
Ǳ˴һ
ԶĹŴ콾Ǵʱڻع˲֪Ѿȫȫ亹ʪ
Ϊ˵޷ĺҺȴڲ֪֮УѾ󱳴ʪ֪¶˵γ˶𺳡
Ȼ֮ǰŹ俤Ѿ¶˰࣬ǵܱˣ˼֮󣬾Ȼ˼ɱ
ޱ𺳣
ڴ֮ǰû顣
ڴ֮ǰ˼һ浹ĿùŹ俤˼ꡣ
Ϊ˼۴Ӹ˵߱սʤŹ俤Ҳӵк͹Ź俤һսˡ
ǻǱŹ俤Ƶ˼֮ǿп˴λڵľ硣
ǸŹ俤ѹսʤŹ俤
ʵϣŹ俤Ⱥ󱬷ĿֲսҲӡ֤˵뷨Ź俤ȷʵѾվ۷壬ƷĹѾǴλ۷֮ǿ
һֻſ˴λ۷壬Ҫ»Կλ۷塣
˼ٶĵƣھԵʵ֮£̡ܷ
Ȼȴ˼귭ˣ֪˵ǺεȾ顣
ҲǼĻܹŹ俤һ·ѹ˹Ź俤ùŹ俤޻֮
ڴ֮ǰõҲ˼ǿսƽ˹Ź俤Ź俤˫˫ڴս֮п˴λ۷壬Ӷӵ˺͹Ź俤һս˫վͬһϡ
Ѿʮ־˵ˣ
ʵȴһ޴Ķ⣡
ͷһͷ£ǹŹ俤ǸˣֻҲδԸվˣ
Ź俤Ȼǹ¼ҹˣʵϣڵǸ˵ľͷ֮һ
ǽʱ֮ǸĳĹŴ콾ִˡ
ҲʢһʱĳѾˣǵȻѡ񣬳Ҳûбİ취ȻǷͬʱȴʱ֮֡
УҲŴλ۷ľͷģ
˼ûпλ۷壬ô֮֮󣬿һλλ۷ľͷԳֶԸ˼ꡣ
ǽյȴͬ˼Ѿ˴λ۷壬ӵ˺ͷƽƽΪͷ֮еһ
һ֮һǿˣûж˸׵ġ
Ϊû˸ұ֤ܹնɱѾ˴λ۷˼꣬ľͷҲûʮİա
ʵϣǳƷԱ߻ķ˹Ź俤·ҲܻѡսۿŴ򲻹£ֻѡߡ
սѡսʵǱƷƵǡ
ڰٻ˱ƷɱȫΪοı׼
Կ˵ز˼Ѿվ콾ս۷塣
֮оȻֻμһ콾սȻܹλ۷ΪͷĹǱЩУֱ˹ϣ
ж콾Ƶ˵˵ĵȻ˼;͡
ӵ콾ս֮ϣͺ˼ĽҲȻ˾ò˼飬ۻҡ
˼꣬˺Ȼڽ콾սʱ򣬱ѾǴλ磬λ۷壬еԲȻȴҲ˽ܡ
˼콾սʱ򣬲ǿλѡ
˫㲻ͬն
Ȼ˼ǵ𺳸Ӵ
Ǹ޳ʲôͷʵֲ̫ˣλȴնɱλ۷ĸֱ֣ǹ˽಻ĿͶ˳ƷǾԲ̷˵ҩô򵥵һܹش˵ġ
ϾҲͬǰ㣬һͨһö񵤾ܹǿ⣬ɱǣǲЦ
ܵ飡
Ÿ͹ԳƷĿ£
Ҿ˼ǣƺ;г˼ֹһҹ͵鷳⽣޳ƺҲǳžͶ¶ɱ˸Դ˶ϵʱ䣬̫ˣ
˿Ͳǻưո֮ˣ϶Ҿ͵鷳
ҶеڴһĻˣǾҲʲô֮һʵɲ⣬Ϊ½ͷ֮еٮٮߣлܹͷսһս


2196 췭ظ콾ս
Ʒ˼뿪սһսĽȴһҹ֮䴫콾ս
Σʮ콾콾ս֮УܹΪҲû٣Ҳܹ֮еλ۷ģ֮٣ëǡ
Գ֮Ϊһͷִһ˵Ĵһ֮ûһλ۷ĻôˣҲһˣҲϵġ
֪λ۷콾ս˵жôҪˡ
˵Щıÿһвͬͷһޱǭס
ʵϣһ㱳ûУҲеϡ
֮䣬л¶ԷأҲأǳƷֵĳ֣ȴǼΪġ
⽣޳ʲôɱǣϣ𾪵˵
˾һľ˵Ѱ콾콾ˣʤ
콾˵һƷô˵ʣǽ춼ͱˡ
콾ս֮УȻݺ޵У콾սֻǿһʱѣȥ֮ȻҪЩϹŶġ
ڣʣƷһȥ¾ͽٿֲĽɱ
Щ𱳺ĴڣģǺܶ˶ЩѾ˵ϣţ壬ߵ۹ϣ
ȴЩϹŶϹҪˡ
˭Ҫ֮أѪܼ
ЩƷնɱĲ׷ǶڿһƬء
ǺܶಿЩǰշĲĺˣϾ׷Щȴ˳Ʒϡ
˵һ㣬ȴһ֮С
Щ˶ʼԱˣһҪҳƷԳƷչֳʵ֮еľͷҲ˼ǷҪԳƷ֡
ܻ﷭㲻㡣
ЩȴܣǶЩնɱĹĲ£֮һЩŽɵֶΣԸƷ
Ʒû뿪Ļֻò˶ãᱻҳɣǸʱֽһս
Щ˶ЩĹĲº׷ߣһЩɵֶΣеľͷСģ䣡˵
һ˵뿪콾սЩչصϹ˽ɵֶΣר޳
˵õ˸ϢʱĲƣԽԽĶ콾ֳֽɵֶν콾սΪľնɱ޳
Щ䣬ѾǱЩֲϹŶϹ
һδϣնϣ㹻ЩϹǶץˡ
Ҫһ˵޳Ļкйϵ˻ͳͳҪؽѪϴ£
˵ҲƷͽìͷָ˺ͳƷйϵˡ
ʣ׵ģȻǳƷЩ׷ߣȸڵ׷ߣͳЩҪ˵жд̡
Щ˱Ҳ򵥣ȻƷΪ׷ߣǲǱͼˣǻȸ֮зег
ҪԻȸʱ򣬲ģĸֶվΪȸվ̨һ֮У˺üԡ
ȸսУǲԣԳԽλĽֶԸʹѹ
ĻǺһȥ
ЩȻͬΪһ֮УܹΪ岻࣬˴֮侺Ҳǳңͳһľϵ
Ǻͻȸ֮Ĺϵãʱȴǰӣվڻȸ
ܶҲˣǰӣֻ˶ֽɵֶηġ
Ǵ˵£ƽʱй˼ɣʱҲûʲô˼ˡ
Ҳԣǲͬ羺ǾЩʹУĻ̥ڰг֡
˼һӰû˸ҽħצȸ֮ģͬ˱ҲֳҲͬ졣
ǺЩȣо޴ĲˣЩֱǻǱѹĹǺ
㲻УҲǹ˾޴в
һ·ˣǱ
һкͳƷйϵģͳͳԵ֮С


2197 
˽ħצ˳ţȻûȷ֤ݱźͳƷֱӵĹϵϾ˶ΪƷǽ޳
޳ճû֪˼֪ͳԼԼ֮⣬˸Ͳ֪Ʒʲô
ΪƷξȹţ˵ѾǸˡ
дλ۷Ķ콾ֳֶֽϮɱţֱɱһפڵĳǳ֮С
Щǳػһǹؼʱ򣬻ʸǰĻѾ˲ʰĵز
һսЩλ۷Ķ콾Ϊ˸Լֳֶֽǰ콾սΧ콾˵֮֡
˺Ȼ
Ҳһս֮УʸԸɱ˺üλ۷Ķ콾ɲסһɷ糱
ͬʱҲЩҪ˵ĸĲº׷ǣȻôǿ󣬵ҲԲǿǵġ
нֶΣвеľͷǻʸҲͬзĽֶΣԺеĽֶ࿹⡣
ҲΪˣǶͷ
˭ǻҴҷ˵⣬ǾͱһʸƲˣ
ʸһ֮Щ˵ĴѹȥǱҲҪԳţֻΪҲƷ䣬Ƿա
˻ʸƵľ֮Ǳ㲻ٶԳ֣ʼ׷ɱƷЩ׷ߡ
Ҳ׷ɱĹǺλ۷ĸֲٹ˼棬ԶǶ֡
ҲĽֶΣܹԱĻѾˡ
һ֮У·ȫ¶׷ɱһ
֮󣬳ƷҲ಻סһԳֿʼ׷ɱЩ׷ɱǵˡ
ЩĲȻǿжλλ۷ľڣȻԳƷʱûκʤ㡣
׵նɱƷҲ֣֮ǰϰ콾һֻҪԼңƷŹһ
ЩѾ׽ƷŭֲǷģһǸһ
֮У콾սһƬȷѪ֮С
ɱ¾ݣţƷһ֮ͽЩĲǸĺ޻֮
ЩĲǷɢ콾սѰҳƷ䣬͸˳ƷƵĻᡣ
ƷѸײڶ֮ƣնϰˣ֮죬ʹýֶεĻᶼûС
һʱסЩĲº׷ǣϾȻҪȴҲڲԼ
ڼ䣬һֱԣͳƷսľҲûţȻչأȴҲ˴˻
ǽ޳նɱ
͵ĻĮ飬Ե˫
ڳƷնɱ˲ֹһһʵֱɲʱ
ԳƷʱû˿ĵӣƺڵȴųƷɱһ
Ҳ̲סôȻڱչ֮УϢǺͨģ
һγ֮ǾܳΪˣ֮ǰѾܹսƽͬôõʱȥΪӦøһˣ
Ȼ޳һʵֵļΪˣҿվǲ͵ģ
û֪һ֮УΪ˿еķĳƷڰ֮УչС
߲Զ˼Ϊµʱȥ˼δģһʵȴƺӾˡ
ǰ˼λ۷壬ѾܹɱŹ俤֮ϢԱ𵱳ҪԲĶˡ
˵һʵı˶ܹоǿͷâôǹʵıȫķâ
ڵ״̬
ٺ͵ĹŹ俤һս˼аգ֮ھͿԻܹŹ俤ʵ͵ǲͬն
ͬģҲѾеλ۷壬Բ硣
ֻͻƣϵĹ̸Լĸι̣Ͼ콾ս֮ϣƺΪ޸ģͻƵߵľ硣
ҪͻƣҲ뿪콾ս֮ˣҲֻΪԺһᶨĻ
ƷͬµĥľѾޱι̣ڳλ۷塣
һλ۷壬ʵֽһ˵ķԾǸʱ򣬲;һսʱ
ţأڴʱ˼͵һ۾¶˼־㵵顣
һԾѾɽͼĿռ䡣


2198 ͻƣλ۷
˼һԾȴһƬ谵֮ϣһ޴ޱȵĽſ
ͬʱ֮ϣһһͬһ˲䵽˵֮ϡ
һֱ˼֮С
ã
˼갵ãǸûа취㿪æɽͼ֮Уͬʱʼ˹
֮֮һƽѵ˼۾³һ
ǵ伮ᵽ콾սϵô
˼֮ǰټһЩ콾ս֮Ҫע飬о콾ս֮ϵ
콾ս꿪һΣΪʲôЩ콾ûܼʱ뿪֮󣬾Ҳû뿪
ǵΪ⣬ȴҲ뿪콾ս
콾ս֮ϵЩҲЩ콾ǵĺ
Ϊÿ콾սҪʼرյʱ򣬾ͻҰ£ʱƣҲԽԽࡣ
û˺ǻ˺콾ս۵ԽԽ࣬ͻûа취뿪콾ս
ᱻ콾ս֮ϣҲûа취뿪
Щ콾ս֮ϵ֮Щûа취뿪콾սġ
ÿʱҲζЩ콾Ҫ뿪콾սʱˣΪֻһ취طնϡ
ǧٵҲûа취նЩʱͻᱻԶ콾ս֮ϡ
˼ü΢һڱչ֮еĳƷ
أƷϵϢԽԽǿᣬһȦһȦɿֲķ籩
ƷͻƵıԵƷϵķԽԽǿᣬһҩ
ͻƵϣ
䣡
ֲϢӳƷȻһӱ˳Ƭ֮ŰϢѾȫȫ
ʱ򣬳Ʒٶ۾ֱֱֻĿǰоâб
ڣλ۷壡
Ʒ˸ȫһž졣
ͻƵλ۷֮󣬼Դλ۷ĸ֣һս֮
սʤ֮оԵϣ
ԭڴλ۷ǰԱڸǿԻܣǻɱǡ
սǿֹһ˵ǿ
ɲǹֻϵʵս𵱳ֱ˼αһ
ԭ˼Ķ֣˼ȻĶ֡
ҲϾ͸֪صı仯ָоѹомѹ֡
ô£ƷһԾ콾ս֮С
ʱ֮ϻڲһ˲û˳Ʒ֮С
Ʒ޾ɫ˲ͽһնϡ
һκβ
Ҫ֮󣬲ܹն˼겻ͬƷҲҪǿ̫ˣܹ׾ٵն
˫Ĳ࣬ͬն
콾սϾҪرˣ˼ӰӳƷƷ֪Ȼ콾սҪˡ
ô˵ǵʱ䲻ˣƷüͷ΢˵ҲܣǾͱҪȥ֮նɱͺˣҪȥ֮ǰնɱ
Ʒһ뿪콾ս֮󣬿϶ϾͻᱻڱҲܷѵõΣ֮С
Ǹʱ򣬳ƷҪٶҵնɱ֪Ҫȵʲôʱ
콾սôҪҵ̫ˣƷ⡣
һжƿ֮У콾սͻȻرգȫȫϡ
а취ҵ˼ͻȻ˵
ʲô취Ʒ˵
˼ƽ˵֮ǰսȻҰܣҲصļǺţֻǴûΪһĻͻϱҴûǸܵļǺţǿҲûжʱ䣡
ԭ˼ѾҪսδնɱ͵Ĵ㣬˺֡
ֻǴûù֣ΪһãϾͻᱻͲǵʱ䲻ˡ
ʱҲûϵ콾սȻ󣬵ǵĽų̣ܹܿϵƷ˵к绯·ٶȻǷ۵糸
ţ
˼˵ͷæ˸ӡһɷĲϯ֮лһû֮С
ߵһͷȻǾڵķ
ߣնͣƷ


2199 ˭˭ˣδ֪
ʱ֮һƬң·һƬƻľ
֮ʱʱ£ͬһһֱûЩ콾ڡ
콾ս֮ϵͨ˵η壬Щ˺ǣֻǽ֮޷뿪ˡ
֮бһһ㣬ûйϵ
Щ콾˵һвһ۵̫࣬ûа취뿪콾ս
Щõ֤ǵ涼Ϊ޷뿪콾ս콾
Щ콾ȻûԸΪ콾սһӡ
ʱƣԽԽ£ٶԽԽ죬ҲͬģԽԽܼ
콾ڵһʱ䣬ĳȥҪڵһʱ뿪콾ս
ЩµԽ࣬ҲζҪ뿪콾սҲԽѡ
ֻΪ콾սĹرգÿһζһЩ콾Ҫǰ뿪Ҳء
뿪ˣҲûǵķݡ
һƬĮ֮Уһ޴ޱȵ󷨻󷨵ܱߣǿӰǻ󷨵ĲͬĽ䣬ά󷨡
סǣԲ뿪콾սɱۣ
һӰ˵
Щһⶼ콾ս֮еĶȻ콾
ʱͼذ
Ļʱȴһ֮ʸֱӽֵͷ­䱬ôֱӵ
֮ϣԽԽ£඼ЩͬӰ֮УҲ޾ɫЩ
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Ĺ֮УһһŮ¶ΣϸһǳƷ˼ˡ
֮еıˣ׷Ѱž͵ֱ׷˹ȴ֮УЩ֮еĸ󷨰ΧС
Щ֮еĸ־ȻһɫĶǴλĸ֣ҲˣѰ콾дλ۷ΪҲ֮ޡ
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ľһֲ
ϧ˳Ʒ˼꣬һ˼һѾɹʵ֮ǿѾ֮ǼһС顣
˵ƷǣͻƵλ۷֮һʵǴﵽѰ޷ĵز
Ȼ֮УȴĽ󷨺飬Щ󷨵ĸ֣Ҳܵ˷ɣ˲䱻ش
ƷĮЩѻԼ֣һʼЩ֣ôôպõľͱЩֶס
˼Ļ˲ˣЩδץģץоЩ콾˭·˭ͻᱻֱӹС
ûȷĿ꣬ƷҲֻǡѡ
ЩôȻǵʧķ裬߷˷裬ǶǷǱ˵¡
ǱҲһǿ콾Ҿ콾
콾ս˲֪ٴΣѾ͸ˣ˺ܶ˶˺֣콾ս֮У֪չ˶ÿһν콾սԵЩ
ǵоӢרžɱЩ뿪콾ս֮е콾ɱһһɱסֱ콾սرҲá
Ҳǰ֣ǰβݡ
Ʒ˼ֻǸպýǵĲΪǵ
ֻû뵽Ȼͣɱǣ˭ˣ˭Ѿȫߵ
Ʒ˫ſտɫ֮һڳ֮ϣʮǿޱȵ֮ʸ
ݣ
ݣ
ݣ
ֲļâ᳤գһ˲׷׽Щǵһ˲䱻Ʒ䱬ˡ
ǿ뿪ҵĸӦѾԽԽˣӦǾͷˣڲµıǣµıǼֲ˶ʱ䣡
Ա˼æ˵
ţ
Ʒ˵ס˼Сһ̤Ѿʧԭء
Ƭ֮󣬱··콾һƬǽսʱһȻս֮һƬǽܹóȻߵ֮ϣˡ
Ҳû˼룬æ׷̤Ŷݹ⣬׷뿪ֳ콾սΧڷӵȥ


2200 ͵Σ
Ʒ˼һ·У۵糸ֻƬ֮䣬һƬ޴ɽǰͣ
ȻѾˣβһƷסο˵
˼Ҳͬޱ飬ǰ
ƷĻ䣬֮ϣѾʮӰÿһӰнԻصܡ
ÿһ˵Ŀɲһϵһ㡣
λ۷壡
ƷǰЩˣÿһǴλ۷ľ֡
ƽĸһ콾ս֮϶ѵãڣȻôࡣ
гʮλ۷ĸ֣ݣһ˱
УΪ׵һˣǱˣǳƷУ͡
ھ͵ԱߣͬվһüĿĸʳڵӡ
һΪϢھ͡
·ɣ
˼꿪˵
ƷϾˣǰ˾˭ˣҲңԶǰĳһ콾һʵ֣ȫھͣͻҪ
Ʒ˲˾ôඥĸˣԭ˺;ˡ
Ǿ͸ո齨ģȻһЩ֣ҪۼôĴλ۷ĸѺǸܵġ
ǽ˵ϵпܣ;˲ͬ齨˲֪꣬콾ս֮ʵۺһһۻôĴλ۷ĸҲ
Ʒı߿һۣ˾·֮⣬ȫ콾ս֮ϵ
ĸ֣ΪΧɱƷȫˡ
ڵ콾δ֣ȻҲ֪ǵʵҪκγƷܡ
Ȼ˼ܼǺŽ׷֮󣬾;ѾӦˣ·ַ
û뵽û뵽ĵӾȻزƷЦһ֪׷ٵ£ȻϽ뿪
ƷҲòп͵ĵȷʵûˣڸ֪˭׷Լ£ӾȻô
ͬҲɼжôţ
ټ·ɺʮλ۷ľɵľ֣㹻κһɱٶһҲûκô
ҲȲĵӴ󣡡˫֮вϱ⣬´˳ƷһۣȷԼδƷ
һ˵òԸı䣬ϵϢȴѸı䣬ÿ˶Ƕһ޶ģֻҪƷӦö
ֻ֪ƷطܹĻϢԸ¶Ļûб¶Σա
Ҳһֱǳɻ⣬Ӻǰ޳־ѾĶС
ǾһӵĴʣϾȻڵ鷳ʲôԭ򣬺ʣѰ˸붼顣
콾ս֮еʵѾʮֳˣǺʵȣǱɽһǡ
ΪµһǿڣƵһ죬ʵޱȵǿ
Ȼ⽣޳ֻҪɵӦþͲѡӲӲ
ǽ޳Ӹոճ˵֮еʱ򣬱ڲ֡
֮Ҳϲʱļ¼û˵н޳ˡ
ҲֻܹΪǾͲ֪ʲôʱ콾
ھѾȷϹˣԼʶ벻Ǽģǿʲôھ͵ϰɡ
һ㣬ǾԼҲ㲻Ϊϵ̫̫࣬вٶԺһ·콾
֮ȻˣҲûбҪôˡ
Ҳ֣Ӧòʶ㣬Ҳ֪Ϊʲô׷Ҳţνˣýһ
ʼ磬ƺںƷΪʲô׷ţںǳƷһٶȡ
˼Ѿǵ콾֮еٮٮߣһ콾֮У˶ǷëһĴڣҲǻôʱ䣬ſ뵽˴λ۷塣
ƷʼʱΪҪϺЩŽ콾սΪȴֱ׷Щλ۷
ɳȥδǰ;ҲֻǼɵˣδܻΪ֣Ȼ˵ȴֱвԼĴڡ
˵⻹ͷһΣ֮ǰ˴죬ųƿδһϸµһ콾׳Ʒûз콾ս֮󣬸ǸҺŲĿںš
Ǻεһ֮ˣȴƷٶȸס
ǿҵΣС
˵ҲһǧѷĻᣬ֮ǰʲôĶԹڴ˶һ˶ϡ


2201 һСĴ㣬ǾͲ
һ˼꣬絹Ǻ֮ǰɱǸƷйϵǳƷδޡ
֮ǰҲרԹ˼꣬ȻشȴûܽնɱںʣһõĻᣬԽնɱһ˰ˡ
κһ˺ʣ߱в͵ʵ츳κһʳѰڣһ˶ϵʱ
㶯֣սپûôʱ䣬һʱޣǶҪԶ
ʱ·ɿʼ¶ֲͷ飬
֮ϣʱ֮ϵͬһ£ʱʱһ˵֮С
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󣡡
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Ʒ;˾һ֣һ˼·ɾһ
ƷܹԵĸо󷨲֮ƶԭҪѵĶ֮࣬һ˵жԭҪѵĶˡ
ƷҲƺھ͵Сû̫ȤֻǸ˵ס·ɣն֮һ֮
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һضת̳ȣͬ󺣡
ֲֿײά󷨵Щλ۷ĶǶΪ֮ɫ䡣
ܹܵĳǣЩУһһ
˵ս˵ǵĻȥֱ䣬
һ޷赲ס
ףƷƺܹסԼĹ΢΢пֲļ֮֡û뵽ȻܹסҵĹе˼ѹ㾹Ȼ׷ɱңƾĳ̶ȣҪնңҿ㻹ʮǧ
ΪҵȫҲ̫СңȰҲȫһСĴ㣬ǾͲˣƷЦַס˾͵һ˵ʲô
Ӷδҡһ¡
һ֮
ĮʱƲ£һھıһֲĵֱӳ𣬴һǵصϢųƷնȥֲޱȡ
ն
ʩչĵâ֮ڵľѧÿһҪնȥԼԼƿء
ȻųڣȻڵȴҪնԼƿԼˡ
е˼
ƷһЦȻϤĺܣʵϣʮǰʩչ
ֻľͺ͵ȣֹǿʮ
һΪɲ⣬͵ͬն
ʩչҲͬնֻϧǳƷƷĳɳٶȱĸ졣
ͲʮǰƷʮǰǸҪ;һͬھǸ
â£һ̣ͱϵһΪȻ޿赲ЩĸҲ׷Ȼ
ʱ򣬳ƷҲڶˣĴֳһץ㽫һ֮ץС
һ֮һڱֱųҫ۵Ĺâ˸ž˵׹⡣
¡
âһ˲˼£Ȼ͵һ͵һ䵽һâ֮ϡ
أ
âײһ𣬺ƴ֮⣬˲ըѡ


2202 ʱ䲻࣬·
ս֮оҵĲ󶥼ڶԾӥһ㣬ٶȿ쵽˼¡
𺳣
䣡
䣡
䣡
˫֮ϣ̶ʱ䣬ѾϰУѷ£ĳ֣ĲǷ׷񶯵
ͣ㲻ǺųƵһ콾ôֻĳ̶ȣ
Ʒ˵
ߣ
͵Ҳû뵽ƷȻӵ˾˵ʵȻԶԶԤϣȻԺԼĲ¡
͵УȻ˵ɫĹâƬȾһƬģ
Ķ쵽˼£һɲǼ䣬Ѿ嵽˳ƷǰֱۺƳһնЩϹƥ޷赲񷶼˺鿪
ղžʩչĻҪӿֲʮ
Ƿ·ضնĿֲ
ƷͬȻ޾壬ָȭָ֮䱬ѳɫĹâҫĺһɫoһ㣬ֲֿƵ
䣡
ɫײײղŻҪ˵Ĺâϼӿ
˿ĳĿѣΪ𺧣ˣʣǵ֮
һߵе˼·˻ڶš
ʱ䲻࣬·
·Ŀǰ˼ꡣ
ҺͳҲйһ֮ԵһƬս֮ϽֹĴ֣Ȼô֪ôǱһնɱˣ
·ᵽʱ򣬾Ȼ΢΢Щɵ֪ӡжộĳҲͬڶ̶ʱ֮ھͳɳһԾΪ콾ս֮֮һ
ڣ·˵ѹЩȥˣԷ⵽ڣвֹͣȫǸֹͣеŮ񾿾жôľžˡ
ǱҪҲ볤˺Ͼں͵ͬ볤·ȻѹȴҲ³
ȻҲףûڵıӻһָͷס
ҲԷ⵽ʱĴ֮һһԼ£Լ˶ԶԼ֮ϡ
ôǣÿһδԷ֮ѣԿž޵Ϣ
ڣĵӶѾɳԺ͵ĳľˡ
ʱۣ
ɱңҿ˼꿴·ɣ˵ʦ㣬Ĵ֮һֵˣ
ʱ·˵䵭˫һ̤ʱսھҵĻζĽŵ£Ѿӳ޾ķڴ⣬ͳͳ۳˷
ЩҪ飬ֲ
·ѾԽԽûģǶ̶̵ʱ䣬мû֮УѾܹоһƬصԽԽȥܾûа취뿪һƬˡ
䣡
·ڿն𣬺ƴչһ˹
˼ɫ䣬ƳһץһڱϣһɲǼ䣬̳ĽâЩâȻĽĻĻˣ˲̵·ɵϡ
һ˲䣬·˫־˺ѿĽĻҵĽһɲǼͱˡ
˾Ŵ֮ײһ㣬¼ˡ
Ҳÿ£սôʱԶЩֿһĻҲ׷ɫҰף֮սȻǵ
֮ͬ޵еĴڣȻǵľЩ·𣬵Ļᱻһĳˣֱпܡ
Ѿ˲ֲܹ˵ģѹֶԸǿУͺ·ҪϳԵˡ
ʱתԽԽ죬е˼꼸ܹоԼжҲԽԽѣɱΣҪ˵á
ԭʵȫԺ·һϸ£ڣܹоÿһγ֣ҪķѱԭһķʱƣĵķҲ𽥵ӡ
ĻĶᱻ
еϣֻܷڳƷϣ
˼֮еʱһߣƷ͵սҲѾ뵽˰ȻĽ׶Ρ
гһڱɷ۶ɣ֮ǰȻ
͵һնһǵصĵâվȻһֲӰһָնأˡ
ÿһ˿ĵâķķһ˵ĵâųƷն
һ֮£·һ˲ͱûһ·óƷ޿ߣ޿ˡ


2203 
ƷХһȴҲһ񷶼ҪѿȻʼҵĲ·Ҫնա
Ʒû˿ı仯һȻģ·ԵĲһ㡣
һ˲䣬ȴƷÿһë׶ž˵ĽââͷϻϣֲĽ⣬ϯգһ˲䣬ͷ˳ա
ӭ⾪˵ĵâϡ
¡
âͽâֱײɢĲ񷶼ҡˡ
ʲôʽ⽣âôô죿͵֮˸ž飬ʱˣһâƺЩ졣
Ʒ϶֮ǰˣͬԼ֮ǰǰ㣬
ʱѾȥϸ˼һ˵Ľâʲôطˡ
Ϊ˫ײֱսھҵ𶯣ֲĲֱûս֮Уòսඥַ׷ֳκ֮ɫЩһѪ
Щַ׷׵һ˫ײ̫ˣ׼ȷ˵ǳƷ̫ˡ
һֱӷ˾նĵâһ˾ͱһֲӰһӰն黯Ĺɢ
ʱ䲻ˣˣǴˣ
Ʒ˵
Ҳо콾սرյʱԽԽʱѾˣбҪܼ;;
ˢ
Ʒ˲ʧ绯ʩչһ˲Ѿ˾͵ǰ
ָȭһȭֲȭͬһ˵İ׺磬ƴ͸Ƭ񷣬һս
ڳƷ󣬳˰˲ΧסֲĽأеĺƴ˵еo˲µĸɽ
ǳƷ˲ͷӦ˹ز׹Ϊʲô֮ǰϤĸоΪͳƷֹô
ҲΪˣڳƷĳ֮УŲЩϤĸо
ʱһжѾˣΪʲô޳ճ֮ǰ鲻κθţҲκʱľš
Ϊѹǵ콾˲²ǹŴ콾
޳ӳ㲻ϵԼڣҲ˺Ľ͡
ΪⲻǱˣ֮ǰ޵ĳƷ
ôܣ
أ޷ţΪļǵãԼȡ˳ƷĿеľѪûڱеľѪ֮󣬻ܹġ
Ǹڵģ
ǳƷȻˣ֪ɵĳжôľ޴
޷ŵǣƷôģ콾սô꣬Ȼֱܹ׷ƽƽ
ʱˣ֮ǰмһˣΪЩûмʶ˵Ʒδһϸ£ѷ
һƷֹǿԺһϸ£ѷʵϣԳƷֳʵӦ˵ԶԶԽ֮ǰĹơ
һڶѾȻˣһжѾһĴˡ
ǾǰˣԼУƷ
ԭԳƷмһ˵ľͣҲֻܳϣȷʵԼС
䣡
ƷһȭֱӺ˾ͣǾȴûк˰벽෴ģȫµƮɣ·һɿֲ˴Լ֮ͷ˳
ƷΪֻرôʱ͸ߺһ˫͵һ͵һǿࡣ
˫۱ˣѰ˵෴ģбǳģǳǴ𣬶Ǵֲѵǳ
ȻѵѪƷ˾͵ʾʲôˡ
ڵʵļ֮۾ΪһϵĻߣֻʵͨҪֻ߱ʵʣܹݻͨ
һ֮ͨһۣ˶Ƶ
ڹؼʱ赲ס˳Ʒһȭ
û뵽ȻϵͨҴûǰʩչһУܹһ֮£Ҳˣ
Ц˵
Ʒ˵ȡҵѪҪɣҵѪ֮⣬˵ѪҲᣬֻڵǿ˸ŭ԰ˣ
ҾֻһͿԿһѪ⻹ҪлѪߣĻҲܹ͹Ц˵˵ԳƷԭ
Ϊǰ㣬ΪŮƷ¡


2204 㣬ܻ
Ʒɫ䣬֪϶ΪŮԾͱֳ˵ͲΪŮóȻԳƷ֡
һ˳ƷΪͷѪ϶Ŀġ
ֻ֮ǰƷ֪ʲôĿģһжѾǳˣΪģҪ
ҪѣҪ͵ֻһʣҪһʵѪпܾѡ
ЧõĵȻ÷ʵѪٽѣҲǷʣһʲѡ
Ȼ콾ս֮ϣʵ콾ߣҲΪҲ㺱
磬κһʶŸϣ˵صı֮С
ͬͳƷĻԶҲΪʶõ˷µӡ
콾ս⣬ۼ֮콾ܹӵô콾
£ǷȻһʣǲˡ
ҪѼ㹻ķʵѪ϶ǲף飬Ʋ²⵽ƷܿܲǷʣǷʡ
רͻϮɱƷ
һжǽƷնɱҲûܹ֪ģϢ
˭û뵽Ʒûǽ鴫˳ȥЩںڵĵжԡ
̵Уʧ֮󣬼ֱ޷ơ
֮Уи߲㿴δΪδڸһԻ͡
ҲҪܵǣ
Ҳȷʵû뵽ƷͷѪߣԶ֮ǰõķѪԭΪҪɱʣû뵽һξͳɹˡ
˵һ˫֮УгƷĹס
ƷҵһбƳͷһã֮ǰˣһΪϧΪľѪĻҵһû̫ˣΪһιװɣЦޱȵᡣ
սЩĸһͷˮȫ⵽ô¡
⽣޳Ȼǽ޳ǸΪƷˣ
Ҳ˵һٵݣƭˣ
ֲ̫ˣɨһۣҶоڲ
ѹ־͸˵Ųˣʵȷʵ˵ǹŲЩ֮УҲûᲢ۵ģ
Ҷֻĳһдĵ伮֮пأУֻʵ֮ͨ޾ѣԴֻ֮󣬾Ҳû˵ܹ۳ˣ
͹Ȼ˵ãѹҶ֮⣬ȥһˣ
ѵУоֲܹ֮ͬûֵܹס
Щ󷨵콾սַ׷Ƕ𾪲ѣ͵ĵ𾪡
Ϳ֮󣬻ķ˲䱬ĵƣһеǿС
콾ս֮ϣû޷Ըˡ
ϷȫһǴ˵еÿһؼ֮ĸŨһ֡
֮Աߵս֮нֵ˼·ɶܵˡ
·ɣͫ΢ɫ΢䡣
ȻѡǰͣУҲעĶ֣˫ʱֱ꣬ͬʱھĶ֡
Ҳû뵽;Ȼܹʩչ˵ͨаԼһʡ
漴תͷһȻ˼꣬¶Ц˵ô㲻ô
˼국һЦΪͻܹôûлᣬֻ룬ֶܹã㣬ܹã
˼ڳƷž޴ģܹƷȫʱϢԶԶ̶ֳֻȡ
ӲôʱӲûκô·˵
˵ʱʱ죬˵սٶȱ
һߣʩչ֮֮Уս֮ѵϢΪա
һ˲䣬ؼΨһľΨһ
䣡
һ˲䣬Ͷˣӷٵתһ˲䣬ؼ产Ȼɫϯ˿ǻɽ緢ǺХϮǵһУײأǺˮûһС
޾֮ɿµѣЩͬǵصĿһ㣬ųƷϯ˹
ҲֲֻͨһжΪѡ
Ƭʱ޿̣޴ڷѣ֮䣬Ҳûκһ֮ء


2205 ش
ؼ䣬޾֮֮ųƷϯ˹
ؼΪֶΣѾ˷Ĳˡ
⵱ȻĿǰ콾ܹӴĲΣһҲܽӴĲΡ
ǾͿԽﵽʹ֮
ȷʵ˲õͨϣʵ̫˷ˣ
ƷһĻֻ䵭һЦ˵
һ˲䣬ƷֱӶˣ˫ֱĹâȻ޾ϯֱ֮˺ˡ
ƾ˫ҲԿҵ֮
͸һǱ˺ѵ֮˲ͱˣЩֻ֮࣬Ǳݻˡ
ӿֲ֮˲ͽƷûˡ
̫ϧˣʵ̫˷ˣ
Ʒһ߶ԿЩ֮һ˵
ڣڡҹ桢Ǭšޣ¥ޣޣĦȡ
Ʒ˴˵еİ˲ŰΧС
ʱΪһϵ޾һȭ֮С
Ʒδ֣ǿֲȭƾѾϯ˿ſֲƣ˲˺˾֮
ôܣȭȻôˣ
ͱһɿֲȭƱȵ˺üܹо⾪˵ȭ̺֮
Ʒʩչİ˲ȭǲֱ֪ӽֹֻǸʱȻм־ȣҲֻм־ȶѡ
Ǹʱ˵Ʒ̫Сˣʩչ˰˲ȭҲѶʲôԵвȻʲô
ȻڣƷʵֱ˷츲صı仯ҪߣսԶ
ȻȻȻĸо˼ܺĸооÿһë׶һɿֲסˣؼԪûа취Ӧ
֪ƷڻԼȭ⣬Ѿ˷ӦԲȥĻҵĻ·
뵽ֱ͵һ۾˫֮б˻ԵһɿֲĻԵֱӺɨ˳ƷͼƳƷڻȭ
һ˲䣬ƷѾˣȭѾ۵˼£һȭƬ񷱻һ޴ޱȵĿնȻ͵һӣһȭ˾ͱ֮
ôܣ
ŭԳƷһȭûκΰ취ƵĽڽڰˡ
Ҫ֪ʵͿԺ࿹⣬ټĻǾ͸˲ˣͬȼҲаܹܶ֡
ڣ֣Լʩչ֮ȻκβóƷ֮ȷʵǳ£ǳƷĹͨȻѾԽ֮
ÿµĽ棡
ûпɣ;ȻǶ֣
⽣޳ʲôͷôôֲ
ãҪײˣǸϽӹ󷨣Ȼᱻ˫飡
һ̣֮ǰԾžĵ˵ЩʱҲҡˡ
Ҳóֻǰ¶Ҫæȴûκΰ취Ϊ˫ײĲѾ̶ֳֵܹˡ
䣡
һֲײڿˣƷһȭͬһ᳤գһ˲䣬һУȻҲ˺ѿ˾ͷų֮
һȭ䵽˾͵ؿ֮ϣȻ͵ؿڴİݣˡ
ۣ
һѪ˳˲䵹˳ȥݺײ󷨵֮ϣײĲϵҡҪײ顣
֪ײжôľˡ
һͽʹı
֮ЩֿޱȽȥȥˣΪһ󷨷ſܾͻᱻƷӳȥǽͻṦһ
زǲԸҲҪϣĿǰƷչֳʵ֮ǰķļƻʣޱȵ޴ġ
ƾʲôܹһĸ֡
ֻлޱȵ𺳣˼顣
Ծ͵ʵټǳԽλ֮ϵĸ֣ӦҲԹаɣô˴޷ŵ˵
Ƕ룬ƷѾˣ绯﷢˲Ѿ˾͵ǰ֣ɲǼ䣬Ȼͽ͵˫ץ˳
͵ۿ֮УֻʣѪ
ҵľѪģҲԭˣƷ֮ܵϵѪĸо


2206 ͣ
Ȼ˶λ콾ľѪͳƷľѪһ;ѵġ
ٷʵľѪҲ޷ͳƷᲢۣȻԳƷѪΪ
Ըո֣Ʒܹ֪ȻԼѪĸо
뵽ԼΪһ˫۾㱻ɱеɱʤ֡
ƾˣĮ飬ֻУһǿľ֣ھ͵
ΪǾѵʱҪʵľѪδҪһҲҪʵľѪ
˵ھ͵еľ֣ʱ䣬Ϊ˼һ˫֪¾˶콾
ƷҪĮ飬ƷȻ飬ȴҲֻԵˣ»ޣб塣
Ǿͬķ˵ûκ壬ĳ˵񻰴˵еħ
ѹͲˣȻûС
δޱƷ򣬸þ΢ǿ˳ƷеľѪֻ´ѹͲں
Ҳ̫԰ˣ˵ʵȷʵʸ
û뵽ǣر𣬵ǳƷرһٱʳڣǳƷͱһٱ
㾹ȻҶҵ۾
һ˫ѪĿųƷ
Ȼû˫ۣ˲Ӱĳ˵Ҳһͨ
һ˫۾ѣʲôȫƾ跨ٶȴһԣ˵ʲô
Ǳȡⲻͨ۾ڱȡһε£ҪڶξѣѶȲ֪Ҫϼʮϰٱ
Ҳԭ˰ɣҵľѪιģƷ˵ϮɱҵʱԼû뵽нɣ
͵ɫŤ¶ı飬ԭǰ㣬һħΪȫе
Ҳûκεô۾ҵʸ޷ʹãֻΪĸ⵽֮ķɣȫڲ
ôƷһЦ֮ϣķֻ˵Ĺ֮ϵһ۾ȻĹ꣬Ȼӿ˳Ʒ֮С
Ʒٶ۾ʱ˫ͫ׾Ȼǳͫס
ôܣôأԲţҲͨһĻֱû
֮ԸƶжϳƷ۾Ҳûа취ãֻΪԼۡ
ᱻ֮ɡ
˭Ʒľͽֱˣںϵĺܺãһ㶼ûʲô
ƷֻһЦƲƲ죬ǴС֣һӶѣͬʱ縺ʣݣ˿Ӱ죬ศɡ
ַʶû⣬οֻһˡ
οľѪιģͺѪں͸Ӽˡ
㡭͵ĻڲزʶˣԼԵĵһʲô
ΪӣֻһصС
ϮټֻδгһգҲΪе˹
˵ɣģһжûУǳͷβĹƷ˵
ڿ֮䣬пֲ֮Χ
ûż֣ȫֻʵ֮ݻͨ˽⣬˵ں
Ʒİڸղںһ˲䣬Ѿڲϵеİ
һ˵ٶӿƷԺ֮УҲһ˵ٶֻƬ֮䣬ѾԽ˾ԭˡ
Ȼһ˿ѷӰӣȻֻһ˿ǻóƷоޱȼϢİĿǰĳƷ˵ҲȻ̫
ƷͣȻֻǴһЩѷӰӣ˶ѣѾˡ
˵ʱʱ죬Ʒӣͫ׷ٵתһɿֲǳһɲǼ䣬ޱߵѣžϯ˹ȥ
Ǹղž͹Ʒķ档
ֻǾгƷǰǿʵǿжԿ
һ˲䣬;ͱһɿֲ֮˺Ƭ
ǰأǲ˼飬Ʒʩչ֮ľ̶ȾȻ֮ϣ
ôܣ


2207 Ҫ͵
Ʒո֣ͽӵԶӳĳ̶ȣǾĿĵط
ĵƣȴ˳Ʒ֮һ
Ǹ
Ժ֮Уֻðһͷ
Ʒɫƽ˵ʵ̫ƽˣȫͬķʣûˢôܹеڡ
˵İ̶ʱڣƷھں̡
˺֮󣬾͵ʬ֮˺֮£Ĺâֱӿ˳Ʒ˫֮С
Ʒܹо˫Ȼָһһ
ʱս֮ЩֿһĻû˲㲻սҪߡ
ڵĳƷ˵ʵ̫ˣֱһ˵еħһ
һߣ˼·֮սҲͬ뵽˰ȻĽ׶Ρ
·Ѿע⵽˱ƷǱľͣҪȥ֧Ԯȴ˼
˵ԭ˼ȥԮĻôƵķתͱ˼ȥ֧Ԯ͡
ʱƣԽľз
Ƶ֮˼½ʱ򿴣Ҳռʲôơ
˫ڴλ۷壬ֶǷʣ˵涼ͬһ֮ϣĹȷʵ˼ҪǿһЩ
ҲǿһЩѣ˼ս֮ռϷ磬ȴҲûа취ϷתΪʤ
˫սȥҲֻάһʤܵĳ̶ȶѡ
о˼ȻһսһڽһսĹ֮ѧϰսʽһʮ־˵ٶȳɳ
ֻ˼ĻҲͰˣȫİܹѣټһƷĻȫˡ
˳Ʒκɱ͵ʱ˵ɫһӱˣǼʲôһ
УҪˣʱ·Ѿ⣬ȵȥ֮󣬱ҪﲻϧһдնɱˣĻȻΪڵĸ󻼣Ҫס
ʱ·Ѿ˾ҪЩΪʱ䣬ȻЩĵ̣˵Ƿǳס
һȫĻ콾ս֮еʵҲȫɢҪؽͲ֪Ҫꡣ
Ѿûбѡ񣬶Ҳڵĸ߲ضᷴԣЩȡһ
ЩֱӦʱΪȥľĲŶԡ
ЩΪȥΪ
ȴսһߣƷ˫ֲ֮˲佫˺飬ԭֵսʱ򣬾Ȼֱ˺ͨ
Ʒһ˸䣬ɲǼ䣬Ѿ·ɺ˼֮ս
Ʒ㾹Ȼɱңڵˣϵ¶ûĹ͵֮أ·ŭĿԲزҲѾ֪Լ׷ɱ˾˭
ڳƷ֣Ҳͷһ֪֪һЩϡ
ȻǷ֮ڳһӡ
ټķڣҲһʸƱӣʲô콾ʲô콾
еҪٶһ
ڳƷһ˲䣬·͵һӳųƷһ޴ޱȵĽɫӡͼųƷոսδȵʱһٽɱ
͵Ҫ͵㣡
ƷЦһ漴ָȭ͵һȭɲǼ䣬˰˲
˲ֱ۳Ӱ͵һӺ䵽Ǿ޴ޱȵӡ֮ϡ
¡
Ǿ޴ĽɫӡȻֱɢ
ѾˣҲֵˣ͵ϮɱңڰǸøˣƷʱֱ
޾ϯͬ硣
лɽ緢Хϯ˺һУײء
һеһеĸָͳͳУ͵һ·ɣҪ˶˺鿪
ɱңܣ·ʱ˶Ѿˣֱӳһ˵ĵââ˸һɲǼ䣬˻ʲô
ȴһâȻƷ֮иɢ֮䡣
Ƭ֮󣬹ɢȥʱ˲ڿһ˵ĵâʲôˣȴһһĵââ֮в֣²
޾ĵͬȻһƬһƬָķǽԼĵ۳˷


2208 ˭̻ͬɥ֮Ȯ
·ɽĵ۳˷ĵâƾһ
һһƷ֮˺鿪
ƷĪΪնɱ˾ͣ編ɱҲɣ·ɸ˵ҺͬŸոտλ۷𣬶ңǧǰѾǴλ۷콾ս֮ݺᣡ
·żֹ°ӱ˵;ͶǲͬģȻ˫ĵλ޼˫ĵ̫Զˡ
ͲǸոտ򣬵Ѿ˺ܳʱˣȻ󲿷ʱ򶼴Է״̬۵̣ȷʵǾܹᲢ۵Ĵڡ
ɱң·ɸ˵֮Уȴżּȵļɵ
ƷһЦ˵ǿ֮ĩƶѣ
ƷȻܹó·ɲƣҪѣƾĳ̶Ȼ
˵ԭĿֱָͶôڣǼȻѾ֪ݣǾ͸ܷŹˡ
Ʒ˽޳ףྪ춯ص޹˼ɣΪ֪ԺͲˣƾѰҲûá
˲𴩵Ļô롣
Ʒʱ䲻ˣǱҪսپ
˼˵Ĺһ֮Уս֮УҲûа취ܹЩ
ôʱ֮УڵۼԽԽ࣬žۼԽԽ࣬ҲԽԽǿԽԽ̵ơ
ֲǳƷǸ¿Եһʱ˺ʱ䳤ˣҲûа취뿪콾սˡ
ţ
Ʒ˵ͷ
أ˵ʱ·ɾѾˣһ˵ĵâɨգƾվͳ˳Ʒͷ֮ϣâĵķ۶ɵģһն񷶼и롣
Сģ
˼æѡ
Ʒ治ɫֻЦſ·ɣȻ͵һĳȻ⾪˵һ
ӣ
·ɿƷȻӣǴŭǿϲԤƷֱ۶и
˲شޱȼɵľǿС
Ӵ˷һâøϢŻصϢ
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Ҫնûһﲻն
¡
Ʒֱץ˵â֮ϣâ˸ž˵Ĺâÿһ˸˵ĹâǽиÿһεնɱǴλ۷ҪشҪնɱ
ն˳Ʒ֮֮ȴֻһûа취иƷơ
Ȼնʱ·ŭҲţն죬նأն
·һ˲佫ԼȫУɲǼ䣬ݺᣬâһҪƷһ˲иĿֲơ
Ʒޱ飬ֻǲϵ£ԼƣǿֲĵâȻһһץУȻâһһıѡ
أ
˾ֻˣâƷһһķ飬Ȼ¶бıĿһڲ֪Ľɵıͬһ㣬֮˸ŷ˫ĹâܹƷӰ
أ
һ˲䣬һڱı嶼Ʒһ˷飬ֱӻƬֱӳ˷ɢ˿
ۣ
·һѪԼķƷ󱬣Ҳֱӽش
·ˣֱش
˲䣬·źӴܶȥҪֱӳս
·ҪܣƷЦһ˵·ɣղŲ˵Ҫҹ͵ô˭̻ͬɥ֮Ȯ
·ѪǷʣڲͬһӤʱھѾ¾֮Уչˣڴ
˵ûгԹ˳˳ˮ콾ս֮ϣҲվ۷ļ֮еһǴȻľ
˵һģ壬ûгԹȴڳƷϳ˴
ʱҲܺͳƷӲƴѰһᣬڵԴɱƷĻֻҲһ
콾Ƶز˵ͷһΣĽ˵ҲһشһжûлĸҪ
ס
·ɴһʱս֮Щֶ׷׷˼άսȻųƷ˹
һǰ̵Ҫ赲ƷΪ·ȡܵʱ䡣
·ɳữһݹҪߡ


2209 콾սĻ
ʮλ۷Ķһ֣Ǻεȿµ飬ЩҲͬСɣҲһЩ콾Ͷ콾
Щ콾Ͷ콾һʮǼʮͬĸ֡
ЩһɺųƷķɱ˹񷶼𶯡
Ǵ˿̣ƷȴνƾЩ˵ĹԼϣЩ˸ûа취ķ
һبľħһ㡣
ܱǻơ
Ǵλ۷𶼲ǳƷĶ֣ᱻ׾ٵĻܡ
˵ЩѰ콾ֻѰĸ֣콾㲻ϣô˺ڳƷ˵ҲǸν
䣡
ƷһȭȭжϣȻһɺıɲǼ䣬ͽЩִѪˡ
ۣ
˷׷һѪ˳
ߣ̫ǿˣ
ֻҪһЩʱ䣬һʱѾˣ
ס
һʱ䣬Щַ׷״ңҲû뵽Լô˼֣ȻȫǶ֡
Ľڽڰˣ
һӾͱƷˣһӷңҪ赲ƷҪҪ·뿪
һƬġ
Ʒ治ɫֱײǱһ㣬Щͼ赲Ʒ˲ͱֱӶײը鿪
նڲڱը
Ʒһ˲䣬Ѿ׷·ɡ
Ȼ·ɵٶȷǳ죬ǳƷٶȻӾˣһӾѾ׷·ɣųƷһ˦һֱӽ·ɸץס
ͬ˵еһ㣬׽ץס
Ʒ㲻죡
·ɷŭ
ҪǸɱңڿ϶Źģ
ƷЦһƾ㣿ɱΣô֪ң
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·ͷ­ɳȥѪ
һֱ֮ӽסɲǼ䣬ͽ·ɵʬ׻һŹ⣬ֱӿ˳Ʒ˫֮С
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ȻЧñȲѾʮ־ˡ
ǰƷնɱЩ֮󣬽ЩֵľѪַ֣һõĵ·ֱգΪǿʵ
;ͱ·ʵȷʵǿһЩϾҲȾҪǿϲ١
ϧǳƷһַʾͿԳƵ𣬳ƷʵģȫȫΧ֮Ĵڡ
նɱ·֮󣬳ƷϷء
ʱԭս֮ϣսһţֻЩԭΧ³ƷڶΧ˼Ĵս
˼ȻͳƷȻԶҲѾ˴λ۷壬ʵ
ȻͬƷǰֱײ˵ɱɱλ۷ĸ֣ЩĸȻԴսʤ
ʮλ۷ĸֵΧ˼û˿ĺ£෴ĻڲϵסЩˣս
˼һЩߣƷݱ¶ôֱ룬ڱȻưոݡ
ʧô·ٱӳƷ³ƷҲдͷ
Ψһİ취ǽЩնɱһߣпܽеϢ
Եزʮ𶥼ĸ֣Ҳû˿á
Ʒ˼ϵϢԽԲӵٶȥвСջ
Ͼ˶ܹĻܹսʮĸ֡
Ʒֱӽս˼Ĵս
սҹ˼ܹиͻƣ콾սٹرգǵʱ䲻ˡ
ԭ˼ʮִսѷ֣ǳƷ֮󣬼̾ͽ淭ת
䣡
Ʒһȭ˸Դһȭһλ۷ĸֵϣֱӽִѡ
ţƷԥֱ֣ӳЩֵ֮Уһȭһţ㽫Щִѡ
һյĹ˼֮£Ʒͽʮ𶥼Ĵλĸͳͳնɱɾ
һѣ˼ɨһս˵
˵ţ΢΢һЩߣƷϢȥĻ롣
Ʒ˵ͷ漴Щֵʬץһֻһ򻯳ϡ
ߣߣٲߣһоͶˣ
Ʒ
˵꣬Ӱʧԭء


2210 Ļ䶯
ת˲䣬콾սѾĻһµʱ䡣
콾սĻನŲǸոտʼͶѡ
һĸ֮⣬ĸѹ֪콾ս顣
֪Ҳûʸܹȥ
ÿһ콾սʼʸҲÿһ콾ǰеǶʮ˰ˡ
콾ϵ콾ҪȥǲܵģǲӵзʣӵУ콾սҲֻһڻҰˡ
콾ս֮ݺ۳ҡ
˶ںܶ˵콾ս֮ϵ飬񻰴˵֮е顣
콾콾ս֮ϣҲֻΪǣΪڻҡ
Ȼǵ츳ʵҲδرЩŴ콾ҪеʱϾ̫ˣʱ䲻ȻҲͲǿ
콾սĻˣһڣеನҲƽϢΪʸ콾սվֻǷëǵһְˡ
ʹ󲿷ֵ޴ڲûйϵ
ȻһΣȴͬȥһ£콾ս֮е飬ֵķзֹͣ
ֻΪ콾սĻ֮󣬲콾ս콾콾ٵԷ⣬Ȼȴһ콾ս֮󣬲Ż¸ա
ȻһβͬΪЩ뿪콾ս콾ǣûͬǰԷ״̬Ƿ׷׳
֪һʯǧˡ
ԭ콾ս콾ս֮ϵ콾ûʲôˣһµĶĿȾҲ֪콾սϵ콾Ǻηʥ
˵ÿһǹϺŵľţеٮٮߣȥ꣬ȻҵõܶǵķṦΰĵ伮ͼء
˵ÿһͷÿһǴͷĴڡ
˻ԾʱǱڵĴĻʳҪңԶ̫ˡ
ϵĿ׷ݵеϹʱڣһħߣʲĿֲʱ
Щ콾֮ԴңԶʱԷ⵽ʱԭȻΪѰ֤Ļᡣ
Щ콾ǻһ˵Ϣ˿Ǳ֤Ļ᲻ڱʱһ
˵ϢһȫĿ
¼䣬ССĸȫϢĿ⣬ȻڵǿǶѾǴ˵֪궼ûŹˣ˵ǳǿߣӡ
ڹഫĴ˵֮Уܹ֤Ҳǲڵģһеһж񻰴˵ûļ֤Ĵڡ
ֻĵΪβ׷Ϲʱĩڴ֣رһʱû
Ҳɲòţ¼гӵİ취ģȻʲΪһһ
ϾЩʿԶѰҪ̫Ĵڡ
Ϣոմͼ˾䶯ҪΪʲôϢҪףʲôɢϢ
ֻûа취˿һеһжָϹĩڣǸʱ򣬾ѾϢ
ֻϹĩڵǾ춯صһս֮ϹʱܾѾʱ䳤֮С
ֻôһһĴ콾ҲţҲѡԷ⣬ʱƣģһ
У񼴽ٶȳҲӭĳĻᡣ
ǿ˵ǴȻЩ콾һһͷˣһһ츳춯أǱϾδɳһƬػֲ˵㡣
ۣ⴫Уֻ˵񼴽ڴδ˵䵽˭û˵ΪЩ콾׼ġ
콾˵ʱǣռȫơ
ǵʵЩݺս콾Ҫ˱ᡣ
ֻЩƸ֣˵ҲһͬʱĶ
еռĿĲΪ˳أӣٻᱻʱ֮ĥ𣬱һô
ڣ񼴽ǾĻᣬ֪ԼϣЩҲɲԸŹĻᡣ
˵ʱƣԽԽĸֵ֪ϢҲԽҲĸֲѰ֮С
ֻôѰңûκ
һϵĴ˵Ҳֻ˵ˣڴûо彻ʲôʱ
ҲֻץϹ
ȻΪЩ콾Ļع飬ֳìȴѾǷзڶ
ź͹Ŵ̥콾֮ײ˵żʡ
Ŵ콾ǣȻֻһͣʵȴѾŵţ̫ϳ϶Ҫ
ʱʱܹһǵϡ


2211 Ϊ޳
ѾõƸ֣ЩŴ̥ǣҲռơ
ЩѾõĸָһĴÿһ˵Ƕǵǿĸ֡
ЩֲĹŴ̥ʱȴ޻֮
һֱڴ֮ǰ˶ν콾Ҳûзϣ˶ãν콾͵ЩҲûʲôֱ
콾֮еٮٮߵĹŴ̥ǣҲǿĶȥ
ΪһҲκһ콾
Ѱ֮ӱֻ˲ţ˲֮ӱĲţ֮г۵Ĳʸ񱻳֮Ϊ콾֮ӡ
ЩŴ̥콾֮еٮٮߣҲǿ콾֮г۵Ĵڡ
һֱЩ콾Ϊָ֣˲ףʲô콾ʲôй
ౡţЩ̥޻֮ͬȼʮһ˵ֱǼҳ㷹
ƸֱԽҲǷǳĳ
಻ĵĵЩ̥֮󣬾ҪսǣȻǱһ٣кܶ඼ʧȥ
ǵʦԳ棬ûа취Щµ˼µĹ̥
ڵ֮УܹλĶ֮٣ǶЩŴ̥˵λֻǻ
Ҫ֪ŵ̫ϳҲֻΪۺĵ̵ģҲֻʮּĴڡ
Ҳûп۵ǿԳֶԸЩŴ̥ȴ֣ΪԶʤЩŴ̥Щÿһӵзǳĵƣץסʹš
ǿ߸˾޴ĴۣɱһŴ̥ʱ򣬵ǿǻȴǳŴ̥ľǿߡ
һһҹ֮䣬¾Ȯ
ϣ˲֪ˣЩŴ̥ڵݺᣬ޼ɵԲǷˣǵıͬվſµ˼µĳŴ֡
ЩҲͨԷֶ浽˵ȻҪΪЩŴ̥ǻЩŴ̥콾ǲźͼ¸յΨһϣ
һЩŴ̥ʣҪϾЩ˸˵ϣȻҪЩ˵һ
һʱ䣬½˶µʵסˡ
ֻһ콾վôµĸ֣콾վԶЩ콾Ŀֲ֡
һεȿµ˵ʮĴڣֻ֣Ҳһ
Ψее֣пܿЩŴĻع顣
ȻЩŴ϶ѾˣÿһֻʣֹＶĸ֣Խ
һǿƵ˼µĴĻʳЩعĳŴҲֻܳĬԸЩŴ
һ˫ģ濪սٲȻһĩȵϹĩڵԻҪ¡
Ϲĩڵʴս֮˻˶ʱ䣬ٹ򣬲Ž֮·̽˽ĳ̶ȣˣ͵ʲߣֱ繷ľȣž޴Ĳࡣ
һٱ֮
һʱ䣬ؼڹŴ콾֮û콾սĻ콾սĻϡ
˶콾ս֮ϵЩ콾ʱһҲʼ˹ΪǱǽ޳
ֵĳְȷѪ꣬೬ŴϹֱͬһ㣬Ѱ˵ĴڣǿҲ˷Ѱҽ޳֮С
ʱƣ˲֪ˣЩϹΪҪѰҽ޳
ֻΪ콾ս֮ϵĴˣ޳ϣֻǴˣҲûʲôϾ콾ս֮ϣǶ콾ߣοѰ콾ֱ繷
Ȼ⽣޳ɱϴٵ콾ʵ̫࣬ͬɱϴٵ볬ꡣ
ǾĻ
һʼͲţЩ콾жôǿƣʱ䣬ǵȻҲ˽ˣͬµǵǰȫһָס
ɱһ콾˵һܹɱϴ콾ֱ񻰴˵һս
ڼ׷ɱ޳Уȷˣȷʵôˣ񻰴˵һս
֮ڣܿʹϢһ콾ս֮ʧأ˵ĸֲ콾ڽ޳ﶼкܶࡣ
Ϊϣ𣬶콾ս֮С
Ҳͷһ֪ԭڶ콾֮ϣȻôһΡ


2212 Ŵ
˿콾ѾǾˣУ콾ÿһ콾ǰǱѾǺѹһʱľš
Ѱܹȵ˵ģ
ǲ֪ھ콾֮ϣһһѹʱĿֲ̥
Ѱ콾ЩĹ̥͹
˽޳ϣڵȻûֱӵ֤ݣȻѾ㹻鱨϶˽޳ϡ
һʱ䣬»Ȼ
˵ΪʲôЩϹﶼһҪ޳أԭ˽޳ϰ
ԭڶ콾֮ϣ˵ѹЩϹҪˣѹҪˣ
Щ棬һɳԺѹ֮ͬͬеĵһˣʱֶδϣʣ
ϹʱڣǷʵӰܹһߵĻһСţҲԷչΪһͷ
˷׷׺ȻȻ˶ͷһ֪ĸģǺȻҲܹףЩڱ˵жôҪ
һȻ󲨣οô˶ˣ˳Ʒһ˵ϡ
⽣޳ʲôͷôֲ
Ҳ֪ǲվһʵĴУԲǵе
֮ǰŹƹڣұΪѾǳˣȴû뵽ŲǸոտʼѣ
ЩŭϹ¶ҪǷк޳ϵˣͳͳš
мΪһشûԣͱЩʢŭ֮µϹ
е֤ݶָˣһǱ޳ȵĳţһ˿ͽ޳һ֣ͬһͬս˼ꡣ
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һ콾սʱֻһĳչֳԼ˵ʵնŴϹһЩŴϹش׷ɱЩϹ׷ɱ޾֮Уա
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һʱ䣬·ڣ̫ЩŴǰԱˣǶûа취ЩŴ
ѾŵĹŴЩ˵Ҳǿ̫ˡ
ڣųͷ̳֣׺ݺݵĴЩŴ֪ЩŴȻǿǵ֮ȴûܹǵˡ
ǳһڴ֮ǰ˶֪ǿǴĻʳĻҲκβ
ǵжǿȴûһȷĸֻ֪¾֮һ
ȻڣЩϹǵĶԱ֮˲ŷ֣ʵǿĿ¡
ѰһɵЩϹﶼǲһЩϹȴһ˴Ĳ
׷ɱ
ʲôģ֮ǰͳжԵ׷ֽкá
ʵΪʱ䱻ŴѹƵ̫ˡ
壬к壬壬ȵ嶼ӭЩŴǿߡ
Ⱥ׷ѹƵĹǺ£ĳ֣ʣ˾ܡ
ȣڵĵ˾ɲ⣬һڵδֻ֣֮ǰûŹ̫ϳϳֲһ󷨣赲ЩϹʮʮҹ
Ҳһ壬ͳֱּӵ岻ֳͬ˷ڵǿƺɲ⣬û֪֮ڻжٸ֡
ȻΣԷڵĵ̣ȻºЩŴ
¼˻磬Ͼзڵĵ̺ͳʵıϾ޼󲿷ЩŴͱˣ޵ֿ֮
콾䱳һͬع飬¼һƬңЩ콾ͱϹҪԴһ֡
һʱ䣬͹Ŵ֮䣬Ϊľ𲻶ϱһδײд󲿷ʱ򣬶ԵΪսᡣ
ЩֵĹŴͬ緢Ļɽһ


2213 Ͻ棬
¼䣬Ȼ֮䣬ѾֳŴ˺͵ĸ֮ìƵ
ǵʼйŴö֮ҪҪԭפغԴʱ򣬵͹Ŵ֮ìܾҲûа취ڸǣȫ˳
ЩŴ֮ǰҲԾǳʱ䣬ʵʮ֮¡
Ҳµˣප츣أʮռݵضĵط
Щ߲ģ˼ⷽҲֻСֶѣΪģĻ⡣
Ȼ񣬸׷׻ع飬ͬҪõԴҲҪֶ츣صԴ
һʱ䣬˫ìܼͬɽ緢һĵز
ŴҪ㹻Դ֮أҲá
¼䣬΢Щ۾ˣܹó¼Ʈҡ˫ţһս޷⡣
һս֮󣬱ؽһ޴ϴƵʱʸ󼴽ᡣ
˿Ҳַͨʽ̭ûʸ֮ս
ɽ¥ڷڲҲͬء
Ʒ壬ΪĿĵطԴӳƷʧ֮󣬾ͲΪעΪƽ֮һ
һ죬ȴӭһ֮ͣͬʱҲ˷˵Ŀ⡣
һһϮɫۣݸ㣬һưƯھƷ֮ǰ
ǰһ˵ǰĿⶼ䵽ϡ
ЩĿˣǷڵĵӣʱǶϢĿǰ˵Ķš
ˣҲİǸɫ۵ӣȻ֮ǰЩİνȵ
ڵ伮عģǧǰһǰıѹһڵͬӣʧ
ȴѡԷ⵽콾սĻ֮󣬱㷵˷ڣֻûѡԷ⣬ǴҪڵչ
һĿֲڣڳˣŵӣŵӣǾӢӣ洫ı󼸺޻֮
ɢϢ޷ֿ
ıǰˣҲİ߳Ʒڵ洫ӣȳơ
ͶʮǰȣȳƵΪ˾޴Ѿ˶龳Ϊ洫֮еٮٮߡ
Щ궥˳ƷһϵĴ죬˳֮㡣
ڷڵ֮УҲǸʢΪӦһڸ߲ĺ֮һ
Ҳһ̫ϳϵλá
ڴʱȴû˿ȳƣȳѾ˶龳ıǰȴС졣
ȳƴʱıǰʵ̫ˣ
Զзڵĵӵ˵
Ȼʵ洫֮ҲٮٮߣԵĿǹŴ̥֮ͬ£˭ЩŴ̥Ķ֣ƷڣֻҲıĶ֣
֪ôڻάƷʲôãƷ˭֪ǻŻѾȥˣۣ㻹ΣֻҲ򲻹ıǿλĸ֣̫ϳĺܶ˶ѷɫ
Զ۷׷ףȴҴ¾ˡ
ıŵԼǰȳƣֻϴһĨЦݣ˵ҵҵǰӲС
ʦ֣⾪Ʒǳʦֵķأʹģɲȳƿǰı󿪿˵мֿЦ
Ȼǧһվˡ
ʱ䣬ЩعĹŴ̥Ҳֵڲ·з
ЩŴ̥͹ŴϹûйͬЩưһʱĹŴ̥ǷĵӣиŵˣȻ֮ܵ
ֻǷڵĸ߲ҲûЩŴ̥ѡͬһʱع飬Щרṩ洫ӾסĸѾˡ
Ŵ͵֮磬ڷڲиڲҲݱĽС
ЩŴ콾ع֮󣬷Լԭפرռˣ׷׿ʼ
һ㣬ڵĸ߲㶼ûа취ֱֹ⣬һִ洫ӣһȴŴ콾
ǼҪֹûа취ûŸ߲Ĳ֮£Ѱ洫ӵȻЩŴ콾Ķ֣һ
΢ֵһ¶洫֮һЩǿѾλͬ缸ԵǵĹŴ콾
ЩƵ洫ԱֻһóԼסĸ塣
ڣֵ˾Ʒ塣


2214 Ʒ
Ƶ洫ҲȥԼסĸ壬òŵӣӢӻӵһʮֵı
ȴֳܱһ˿һĲΪǺЩŴ콾ѡԷҲˣһѡڵɳֻ֮һ˶ԵһȺ
ЩֻҪԸڵɳȻܹΪһڵľԸ߲㡣
δпܷĴڣ
һ㣬ķϯҲֻԱѡ
պգͳ洫ӵɣЩŴ콾ҲֻԱǳţԶ֮ıõľҲûа취Ա
ڸ߲㲻ֵ£ĵӼһò˶ãԴᱻǼռһա
뵽ɵмߣȴû˸ҿֹЩŴ콾̫ǿҪɳҪԴҲ̫ˣһܹṩġ
ǸƷʱҲŹǲ˵ѾˣûΣмꣿܺұȣıЦһһɫĳ֮±еĽһƽһ
ŹڳƷ飬ҲΪƷڵĻδԳΪ֮еһԱҲֻӶѡ
ϾǶǺεÿһһʱٮٮߣѰ콾ĸһжס
ѾۣΣʱԶԼ£ֻԶԼԻҡ
ʦûģҪΪغþƷ壡ȳüͷ΢ȵ
˶ΪȳƲǿţȻֻԼⲢǿţļ˳ƷȷƷȷʵû
һĹ׷ߣıҲŭֻЦ˵ҿ˳ۣһᣬΪҵ׷ߣδҲս£һ񲻱һҪõĶˣ
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ʵϣҲǵһôģڹȥЩ֮Укܶĵ洫ӳΪЩŴ콾׷ߡ
Ҫȣ˶ЩŴ콾δǰ;ֱǲֻܷһЩôҲԭ޷ġ
ʩĻԵȳƲܾܾ
ܣȳҡҡͷмָӣǸʲôǵСʱҲǳƷһνελ֮ϣ˵ƷţˣҲܸˡ
ƷʣƷҲ˵ĿиΡ
Ҳ֮аԸмƷʶ
ʿΪ֪ҼȻѾѡʦ֣㲻ٸˣİɣȳҡҡͷ˵
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ıɫ΢΢ڤ粻飬Ȼ㲻Ը⵱ҵ׷ߣǾÿͳƷˣҰȥƷڣˣ
ʦ֣ǧǰǰҲôΪΪȳƵ
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ıһһɿֲϢϯҶ֣ȳƱ㱻شֱѪ˳ȥ
ȻȫǶ֣龳λ֮䣬̫Զˣ
ȷʵˣȻһǺô˶Ѿɥ˵ˣ
ǲİѵʣѾи֮ôôŬжȲǵķʣѾעҪ߸ˣ
һʱ䣬겻ѣѾµˣȴҲǾúȻ
ıĿ࿴һ۶ȳƲǶ龳Ѱ洫Ƕǿˡ
Ѿλʲô
΢ǿһЩ϶ѣλ֮£ϡ
ıһȻһֻץ˳ȥɲǼ䣬־ȻҪƷķ顣
ƷķȻɵƷӹ̵ģƷΪҲǿµķȻҲԶˣһ˲ͱ˸顣
ھƷ֮УྪƷһĵӼ˲䶼ŷ׷Ѫֱӱش
ͱһ
ĶѣǰƺѾʧȥˡ
ӽ쿪ʼ⾪Ʒ壬͹ˣ
ı󵭵һЦƷһĵӷ
Ҵɽţ׷ߣе洫ΪԼģǰ
˸п洫Ѿǵ֮еĶ壬ıĿУȴǸոմﵽ˿Ϊ׷ߵĻѡ
ߣҪƷռΪУʹҵôأһʴ
һһӰ̤


2215 Ӵ
һӰɲǼѾ˾Ʒǰ
ʦ֣ǳʦְ
һϮɫ۵Ӱǰһʱ˭
겻ĳƷ
ʹգգ۾ƺȫţ˶ڳƷӡǰƷνһʱķ
˻ǵãһ֮·ƣ콾һĴڣҲǸʱƷ˷µĽ˿ǷڸĹؼڡ
ȻƷűɱʧǰʮ꣬Ȼٶȳֵʱ򣬻˲Ժ֮йļ䡣
ž޵ֻǾһƳҲǲˡ
ֻ˶û뵽ʧ˶ʮ֮󣬳ƷȻ³˵֮С
Ȼǳʦ֣ûʮ겻ɲˣ
ʱع飬ֻֽ϶ԿȻֻҲıĶ֣
ȻʦţžޣҾÿ϶ЩŴ콾Ҫѷɫʱ仹̫ˣ
۷׷ףԭƷ˳۵ķڵӣʱҲϣ˳Ʒϡ
ǿ֮У֮⣬ԼҲֻгƷܹЩŴ콾һ
ڻԶͳŵˣʣǵ̫С̫̣ʱǲ̫׷ϵЩŴ콾
ǳƷǿʱ仹̫ˣЩ콾ʵ̫Կˡ
ʱ䣬һеһУʱ̫ˡ
ǳƷıҲ˵ۣȻҲ˵ݣԭƷˣƷô
ҲֻǵһЦûнĳƷ
ΪоԵţ֮ǰѾ˽ˣƷǵ½һľ콾ȻǱҲԺˡ
ұǳƷ㣿λƷüͷһ˵ˣҲλĶȥ⳥һƷʯҽƷѣ¶ˣ
һƷһļһڵۣѾ߰Դһزȴ֪㣬ֻһ֮ˣҲ֪٣ıЦһЦ֮УޱȵᡣҾ͸һѵףЩŴ콾ʲô㣡
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СҲǰ
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Ųλ͸Ű裬ɳǻ˵ã
أ
ֻһ죬Ȼ󿴵ƷֱһŽıȵ˵
˶ʯɵˣǷ·ǿʲô¼Ϊ˼һ
ǿʲô
ԭֱûа취ĿֲڣڱƷһž͸ߵ˵ϣڷڵĵҳһ󶴡
㾹ȻҡıֱһߵͷۻȻܵıŭˣȻӦȴƷקı죬ӵĴ֮ץ˳ȻǼݺ˦˹ȥ
ҲֻǼ򵥵ĶѣǾı޷ֿҲûа취룬ֱӱȵðǣ˫죬Ѫ
㿴ЩôھҪ㣬Ųһһǿչĳб¾ȥ콾սϺᣬ۸Լô£Ʒһȶ⣬һ˵
ıȵѪûֱʹȥȵţһпҪǱжǱҪҾжҡ
ıŭˣΪ콾ʣʲôʱԹôĿʲôʱôʰ
ѾǶļ̤Ƕ
ҲûԼгһգ䵽³ֱɱҪܡ
ǣڵģŴ˵ʵģ㲻ǵһ콾Ϊ޵ôıŭͬһͷ˵Ұһ
ûҪģΪ֪ƷɱϾҲǷڵĵӣ۱֣Ǳڷڵ߲㶼Ҫߡ
ͬ˵Ұһ˫쿴ųƷҪһسӡ
ӭǳƷһĶ⣬ֱӽȵѪıˡ


2216 Ŵ콾
ڤ粻ĴڣƷߺܼ򵥣ֱӼȶ⣬ȵΪֹԵ·ˣҲˡ
žžڶĶ˶Ŀɿڴû
ôоЩ콾֮սûôϴڿȴֱߵĻ춷ŹҲ˶ˡ
˿Ǳһһıж޷֮ǰǸ緢˶ĹŴ콾ϵһ
һˣˣһˡ
˶ΪĬĬʱлǸоֱ̫ˬˡ
ЩŴ콾ع֮Լָߣʵǿ˵ڼֱȡҪʲô͵ʲô
ڵĸ߲㣬ЩŴ콾˱ᣬײ֡
˺ܾˣ˶овâڱȥǵԴ
Ƶûбѡֻ̫ˣûбѡֻ
ڳƷͷȻԸ⿴Ʒͷ
ǵлޱȵ𾪣ֱţ
ڴ֮ǰǶԳƷĵˣҲֻǾóƷҲܺЩŴ콾࿹⣬Ѿǳ˲ˡ
Ʒʮ겻ӰЩӶǴˣȻҲ²⵽ˣƷȻǴǰ㱻ɱֻҲǱشˣԲŻʮ겻֣ӦҲǶʲôطˡ
ϾƷĳ̫ˣڷڣҲĲٵˣѡˣǷǳ顣
˿˶ʮ꣬ƷʵӦҲܹ࣬еλѾǷǳ˲ˡ
˭룬һ棬Ʒ͸һ޴ľϲͰıѾλľֺݺݽѵһ١
һѰĴһ٣ֱͬʰһһʰһ١
˾ľͿµǣԳƷıֱһ㻹֮ûС
еʲôˣֱɲ⣬΢һ㶼֪ˣ
ڳҲһЩ洫ӣ֪ƷֻǶʮǰƷǵĸоͬɽһϣڵĳƷǵĸоȴǴһ㣬ɲ⡣
ĸоĲͬҲĿֲ
һֱһӵĶ⣬ûı֮󣬳Ʒ˵ڸһѡҪô㽻һƷʯҽƷѣҪôҰǹ˵ҾƷϵ֮ϣȫڵ˶Ŵ콾ʲôӣ
㡭ıһû
ֱô˵쵽ز
ɵʧŶ٣ھȻҪ⳥һƷʯ˵ֱҲҪѪˡ
ûгԹôĿ˵˱Ƶˡ
һ뵽ᱻƷǹ˹֮˹ͣǸֱӲ
뵽Ҳֻܶݺݵ˵ҸڵģΪֻô
ֱޣһ͵ʴף˷۱ҪǷ˵ĻʸΪڵʵ̫ˡ
ϻ˵бµľˣҾʰһ٣Ʒ벻˵
ıľ൱սʮҲǳƷĶ֡
ʱƣһݲֻԽԽȻııˡ
ƷıнӹһװϰƷʯǬʱ˼콾սϴЩ콾ĸо
ǶӲʹ죬Ҫ̫࣬˭˭ô򵥴ֱ
ҪǲģҵˣȻҵ鷳öҼʲôλλϣԽԽã
ƷһЦ뵽ʲôһ
뵽ЩŴ콾鷳Ϳ˳ưЩŴ콾һˣǸʱҪһеλ͸ȱеԴˡ
зһʺĿ죬ãҲ˳ǣҪĹҪŴɱɱ
ƷĻıЩˣƷ˵еӣƺƣϣЩŴ콾鷳
Ҳˣƺе㿴ˡ
ܿ죬˾ͷӦ˹뵽թıӣǹЩŴ콾鷳ǹЩŴ콾ԼҶ͵Ʒء
ͣ
̲סЦ˳ʦʮ겻ôоеǻթһ
ͺʲôһЩڵĵӷ׷״ЦЦ쳹ء
ԭǱıɫһһף̲סļŶݹ뿪


2217 ۷׷
Ʒع飬˹Ŵ콾飬һҹ֮䣬˷ڣһʱ䣬ԭѾӿķڣ͸ܶ
ԭΪӵƶЩƽϢķ粨¿ʼƮҡ
ϵ֮ĶԹԹ¸ˮ棬ǵ֪˳ƷѹʽĻıʱ򣬸Ӷ÷ˡ
Ҫ֪ıʵڵϯҲ޷֮Կ
콾սĥ֮󣬾ݴţҲǽͻƵСλ۷壬λҶһξ룬ڱչͻƵС
˼ҲֻԱûа취ԤЩŴ콾
˿ͻƵλԼҲЩŴ콾֮µĲζѡ
ϯӵ˵ԼޣЩŴ콾Ծʱιϯӡ
ȻὫϯӷϡ
ƷͬȻ׾ٵĻѾλı
һʱ䣬ڳƷʵƲҲϡ
λҿʦ־Ѿ˴λĻôɵĻı󣡡
ԣѾг϶ԣʦֻδλûдλеĲӦûλѣ
ֻλѣôô£
˵콾֮УҲǷֵȼģͨ콾Ҳж콾д˵зǱ𣬾˵½عĻʸʦֱǴ˵е𣡡
ôʦֵʵôҲӦǶ콾ˣҲǣʮǰʦֱݺ£콾һǬԪҲûа취࿹⣬λ֮УʦӦҲǿģ
۷׷ףܿ죬Ҳ˽ۣڳƷӦûλֻһʵӦλ֮һָĴڡ
û˸ҰѳƷΪ𣬱Ͼô۵콾֮УҲΨлʸһ
˵ȣҲǶ콾ѡ
ֻǶ콾˵ҲǿɼĴˣֻǶ콾ѹһʱƷʮǰչֳΪһ¡
ɱչУ޷ΪĵֹʱЩһ˵ٶŽᵽ˳Ʒߡ
ѾЩŴ콾շΪ׷ߵЩ֮⣬е洫Ӷ׷ǰƷݼƷ
ͬʱƷϣ֮ڡ
Ʒڴ֮λ֮ϣ·ǸոյõƷϢ㼱ҴҸϻ˷ڵĳš
ڳƷļ֮ϣͣһֻͨɫƻƽ񿥷ǳݡ
ſһۣ˳һֻͨɫȻϵã棬϶ᾪһص
Ȼһֻ񣬴˵УԺ̫ʮ֮һĿֲڡ
ΪֹֻһαҲ֪ǳƷ׷֮һ
ֻڻһֻ񿡵ͣڳƷļ֮ϣֻһļã˳Ʒ֮⣬Լû֪һֻȻѾ˴λʵǴλ֮еٮٮҲκβ
˾Ƚ񻹸ߵ𣬲пܻ
ǽһľ룬Ҫܹץסˣûеġ
һֻȻǵƷշһֻ۶ӥôʱ䣬Ѿȫ̭ѪһֻһδεᴿǷǳѵġ
ûгƷڵ󷨣Ǹܵ顣
˳Ʒİǲܵ飬Ҳɿܡ
ԭǲ뿪콾սģʱǳƷæն֮е뿪
ַҲֻǾڸ˿ʵ֣Ʒܽ˴ģ콾ս
ûôʱȥһһնϣҲֻ콾սرյʱ򣬲Ż֮иֳ
ʵƷʱ޵ģƷܹ˾ѾǷǳ˲ˣƷҪߵģҲֻн
ˣûʸߣ׷ߣҲ콾ߡ
ʱ򣬳Ʒδϵȸǣڱ¶Լݡ
ڻȸҲŸԵĹһóȻϵǣܻܿ˵Ĺע
ϾڣЩŴڣѪ¥Ѱҽ޳
ԳƷʱ޳ףֻ˽һȲϵ
ȻƷ뿪֮ǰѾǷϢǵȴԼϢԼڵʱɷչ
Ǳıӻ㱩ŭͬҲκβǡ


2218 洫ӷ׷Ͷ
ڳƷȻ»ָ˱ݣʮʱ䣬Ѿǵһ콾һ
Ͳ֪ôһ
ʱ֪һˣ
磬ȻɣǸ޳Ӧþɣ˷ܵĿųƷ˵
ƷǺЦˣôأ
Ʒûзϣŵ֮ҲżοзţҲûָܹɣһʽй
°;ϣֻеһ㣬ҲܹȫɱһѰķʣǸʱ򣬳ŲɽɣƾԾ
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ǳƷȴףʾôţƣЩʣ֮еٮٮߣûʣĳֱӾδޡ
ֻҲû뵽žȻܹס֮еޱʹ࣬Ľɡ
վûпˡ
ŵõ˳Ʒȷϣ¶˼ЦݣȻͲ³վûеõƷȷϡ
ҲмָжԼΣյʱ򣬶˷ĸա
ʮĽǷ츲أǵǸССĳᲢ۵ġ
ʱΪʲôƷڳҼλøһȤûС
ΪڳƷһ˵Ҽλòֻһˮ̶ѣֻܹݵݲһ
ҵĸѾΪ̣ûκ塣
ҲӵһҵͨӵܣĿһ콾һԴնɱ֮µһͷѾȫȹסˡ
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ܹнСλǳֻĵزԶԶľӦҲ֪ȫһɽ¥ҵʵδܹԱˣƷųţ˵
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Ϊδĸ㹻Ļ֣һ統ϹĩЩȱһ㡣
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ںƽʱڣʵԳۣƷʵ·ʱ򣬾Ѿɨ££Ϊδµһˡ
Ȼڣ콾ĳ֮£Ʒʲô콾𣬸˵ĺ󱲳ˡ
һʱ䣬ͲҪȥˣǳ͢񣬻ڸͳͳƵңָУҪ̵ʱͻƵλλмԱ֮Ʒ˶٣˵
ԳƷľæ˵ͷ֪ƷģǰҲõƷָ㣬׾ٵľôӺѡ֮ӱ
ÿÿо֮ܹݽ겵ĸ⣬У¼仹ûܹⷽͳƷᲢۡ
أʱ洫һŲһϤӰ˴֮⡣
Ʒ̧ͷһȳơ
ɣ
ȳæ˽ȥ֮˵үкܶ洫ӶҪݼϲı󣡡
ţƷüͷһأϾˣΪʲôЩҪǰݷֻҪͷȥԿЩŴ콾
ƷЦһЩҲǲͶҽؼʱǳͶԼҲǱѡ
ƷҪģôһõ˵֧֣ƷڳΪϯ֮ıȤͲ
ߣȥǣ
ƷͬЩһ档


2219 
ƷǰεĹ㳡֮ϣʱѾƼǰݼ洫ǡ
ǰĽֻ洫ӣҲ٣½洫ҲƵ洫ӣڵĵɴ˿ɼһ㡣
Щ֮лÿһ˶ܹߵ£ȻǶǷڳΪʮŵм
ʦ֣
Ʒ˳Щ洫ӷ׷ǰ񣬼֮д󲿷˶ȳƷŸ磬֮·ΪȣⱾ顣
λ񣡡Ʒ֪λΪ
ųƷĻһ洫Ȼ໥һۣ漴һĸߴ洫˳ֵسʦֵĻҵȴһǹʦֳأαʦΪҵ
ŶΪʲô˵ƷһЦ
سʦ֣ЩŴǰع֮󣬽ҵסͳͳռ죬ƣ̫洫Щߵ˵ڸ߲㲻֣ʦڱչ֮УΨгʦֿΪҵȳ棡
Щ洫Ҳͬʱ¶ֲ޵飬ЩڷѾߵȼĵӣλȳϡ
ʲôʱԹôĿֻعֶǵǰǧ꣬ǧǰС
Щ˲ǱָߣΪǿ󣬼ǣҲǺް취
Ҳã
Ʒ˶٣˵
Ҳȷʵùһˣ
һһܣҵҪôܣ
أӾƷ⣬һ
˵ʱʱ죬ʮӰѾ˾Ʒ㳡Ϸ
洫̧ͷһʱֻͷƤ飬ʮӰȻЩعĹŴ콾
ٲֲڵ콾֮⣬󲿷ֻعĹŴ콾Ѿе
ȻЩŴ콾Ҳ˵Щ洫ӻһãȻҪҪǿ⡣
ȻϲЩ洫ӵļ֮һȴȫȫЩ洫Ӹѹסˡ
洫֮УҲмԶѾλĴڡ
ǼǣЩŴ콾ѹȴҲǺ޻֮
ЩŴ콾¶ЦݣЩǿں֮ڰˡ
콾֮УΪһڶ
ƷôܣԼĪʮģһ㣬һ£ϴŽζ
ɢǿѹֻһ˵ѹѹ˴
أƷ˵ǰˣѾϳ˭
콾ս˵ĸ˾ƣǷʸƵĸ֣ҲǷ֮ڵλڻʸƵĶ֡
ѹܹͳ˧ôĶ֣ΪЩ˱Ƿ˵ĳԱϰһ֮ж
洫ȴΪǷͬʱԿԸƣǲǳѡ
أҪأʱһŴ콾Ц˵Ŵ콾޳ݿʣЦ֮УƷ嶼𶯡
ƾ㣿㲻ǻıѣƾʲôʸҪأ
Ŵ콾һʵԻҪı֮ϣѾ˴λ磬˵ıǿ˺ü
˵ʱʱ죬ֱӳˣһֳֻųƷץȥһ˲䣬ҪĻ򴩣˲佫Ʒץס
ʱһڿնһ˲һֻ֣ȻֱӺ䵽콾ϡ
ۣ
콾һƺߣһѪ֮ƶߵķһ˲ݺ䵽˾Ʒĵ֮ϡ
˶ʱһ˸ûпʲôֻһ˲ѣǸѾ˴λ콾ͱܡ
žһļž
˶סˣƿʲôȫ˼һ
Щ洫ѾɵˣղŴλֳֵƣͽѹĴԹ˶ϾȻûа취ʲô
Щ콾ǣֿһ֮Ǹλ콾Ѿˡ
ͬûʲôֻ˾ƿʲôͫ΢΢ڳƷһֻɫݡ
˺ܿҲӦ˹ȻǳƷԳ֣ܿҲˣʲôˡ
ȻǳƷ֮ϵһֻݡ
ԭͿһֻݣֻǸûпʲô飬ֻԼĪһƵĴС񿥷ǳ
˵Ҳͽ˶ѣϾǼҲв٣Ҳв񿥷ǳġ
ֻû뵽һֻݸճֱ
ǿǴλĸֲ֣ǴײˣŴ콾֮УҲǸи֣ȴһֻɫ׾ٵĻˡ


2220 Σҹʸ
һʱ䣬˵Ŀⶼе˳Ʒǿֻаƴݵϡ
ʲôƷֵݣ˰Դ⣬ֻǸǵĶƷֵݡ
Щ洫ӺܿҲӦ˹ǴЩ콾ĿҲ˳ֵĲǳƷ֮ϵһֻݡ
һֻݣ˾˵ƾһֻݻʸأ
˵飬˵㣿ǰѻʸʦźãƷ˾˵
ЩŴ콾Ʒû̫ĺøУǶڻʸƣƷȴĴ澴⡣
һдǣ֮ˡ
ӻʸƳΪ˷˵֮ͳһϵ˵ķڷ
ҲΪƷ飬ͶԣΪͲ˹أԳƷ֡
ҲӻţǸ۲ŴԵ
ԳƷԶЩ콾мһˣȴܶԻʸƲмһˡ
ãʸʦڱչУ˵飬˾ЩĿųƷڷ֮ڵ洫ʵϴ󲿷Ҳ֪˵Ĵڡ
ֻ콾ս֮ϴڵ֯ټǻ궼Է״̬˸֪ЩŴ콾һ֯
мֺ档
ȻˣҺ˵ҲһƷ˵ѡһع飬ȻҲҪԴȴ޶ȣȻܾ˵ľ棡
Ʒ֪ҲйŴ콾ڷƲӣʵûܹסһĵӵʱҲйŴ콾ճ
Ͼ¼콾ô㣬ټϸ⣬Ƿʷ֮ҲٹֹһƲӵ
ʱֻһ콾ع飬ʵϲӰ֣ôľ콾ع飬ȴͷһΡ
Ƿڸ߲ҲûдԲŻϳĬ
ô֣˾ЦſųƷ˵
԰뿪ƷǿռһԴҲҪһԴҵȣĻһ˺ѿˣϾͬʦֵܲô
ƷĻЩ洫Ҳ׷׵ͷȻףҪ࣬ЩŴ콾ȻԶԶҪ٣һǴ֮еĴҪԴ֣һһȻ˭⣬ȴҲùܾˡ
ܣռķ֮һ˾ҡҡͷ˵ڻعĲǣĹŴ콾ڻع飬һ֮ƽǱҪ㹻ԴҵȷȣǿҲǷǿ磬ǿģ
˾ƵĻ洫ߣΪŶʲôʱᱻ㿴ˡ
ֱȫֱӽǱһĲֱֵǽδĴ֮ͻƽ̭
ȻǺЩŴ콾ȣԶȴҲ衣
Ʒԣɵҡҡͷ֪˾˵ȻĵģԲܽܡ
Ȼ˵ͨǾֵ¼°ɣܻңǾͰ˵һ㣬Ͱ˵죬ΣƷ˵
ԣ
˾Ƶ˵ͷֻ֮ޱȵţųƷܹ
ڷ֮ڣĵλʵǽڻʸƵĴڣƷ㴫츳ҲԶ
䣡
һ˲䣬һҵĺ䶯һֲޱȵȭͷ˾ȷˡ
һֱǿֲ˫Ʒ壬ȭɨڵѪͬ󽭳ֱӺɨ羪κˡ
һȭɱûκ֣Ҫ˶֪Ƿ˲Υ
ƷҲֻշӿͬ޳ǿӰڰ֮Уʲôݣֻܹһ˫Ϭޱȡ
أ
˾һȭ䵽˳ƷǰɵĵطҲûа취ȥ񷶼ڲƥС
ǳƷ׾ٵĽһȭֻƾԼ˼µķ
һ˲䣬Ʒָͬȭһȭ͵һȭ䵽˾Ƶȭͷ֮ϡ
ǲ
һѪ罦˿˾Ƶֱ۴ȭͷʼֱըѿһ˲䣬Ѫ罦Ѫ׷ɡ
һеһУôѪ졣
˾ˣ˿ڣأȫŵģųƷ
ҾȻˣȻˣ
ֻһȭѣͱƷˣǿֲȭܹ˺һУָо·˻ʸһ
ΣҹʸôƷֻƽ˵


2221 ˭޳ɣ˭ԣ
ƷĻصھƷ֮ϣ˽
˶Ʒ㡣
ʸ񶨹ô
˵ڴ֮ǰ˶ΪƷʸ񣬾Щ洫ҲֻΪóƷܹΪǷ벻ЩŴ콾е̸ɾ
ЩŴ콾ǲƷΪƷֻһĴλĸֶѡ
һ֮ȷʵѹһǿУǵǰȴǲġ
˭뵽ƷȻ˿ֲһȭ˾شȻ˫ģĴսȻ̶ֻȵĽ֣Ѿǿ˳ƷĿ¡
һʵ֮нڻʸƵ˾ǿԱʸơ
ʵȻʸصġ
뵽콾һ˲䣬׷ɫ䣬һ
֪ƷôģȻһĴҲģƷһ궼вʮѾﵽϰܹﵽĵزԽǣҪ
ô漣
Ҫ֪ǲͨˣץһһľš
ǵٶȣȻǹھһʱھȻƷݺݴˡ
ƷʵǻǿζţƷδٶֻԽԽ죬ʵֻԽԽǿ
Ȼʸƣ
˲ɵԺ֮ðͷ
ԳƷڱֳʵɲǿȻʸô
˸ǵһǣƷֳʵʣֻܽǶ콾
𰡣
Իʸ֮һ𰡣
˴ʱٿƷ۹⣬ѾȫˣȻͬǾӢ֮еôϰ֮ͬôҲֻһʸơ
ֶһƷ
ڳţʵԶĵλδõȫĳϡ
κһܹõϣΪ֪ԲΪʳڣʾˣһһ̴޵еĵλ
ƾղģ
ʱ֮жޱȵأм˷ܣȻǰԵ裬ȴҲǷڵӵܣȻףֶһζʲô
δܹߵ۵Ļ𣬷ڶһδʵҲ͸ǿһ
ȻҪǣҲ򲻹Ʒ˭ȭͷ˭˵㣬ҲȻ顣
ʸأ˾˫ֱĶųƷȻ󿪿˵
˲ȴƷˣ֮սжŲͻᱻƷ
ʵĲ࣬Ѿֵز
ĸоͻʸƵĲ໹Ҫ
˲ͽ뷨˦˳ȥлʸƲ޵еģûܹ֮ƥУƷܹȼʸƣѾǷǳ˲õˡ
ڳʸƣǸܵ顣
ȻˣҾͶ¹أӽ쿪ʼԴһһ룬Ҫ㹻ԴУδ֮Ⱥ⣬ҵȵ洫ӣҲҪ㹻ԴУƷ˵Ҷأ˭޳ɣ˭ԣ
˭޳ɣ˭ԣ
˶ǿ˵ĳƷȻٶ˵ʲôȻĽȴҲܹܵĽ
ƾʦܿ죬洫һ׷׳˵ƷȡģԭҪ̫ˣȻûʲôġ
ҵҲû
Ŵ콾Ȼը̣Ͼ˾һȭϵһֱۣ붼Ǹо󱳷
ȻˣǱɢ˰ɣȥУɽ¥Ĵ֮ŲǸոտʼƷ˰֡
漴ЩŴ콾׷뿪ֻǵɫãϾǳ˶˶顣
Щ洫˷ܵ뿪
һսʵģǸоΪüǰδеĸо
֮󣬳Ʒ˾Ʒ壬Ϊʱ֮УҪץʱ䣬ͻƵλ硣
ղԣΪѾɽ¥֮ϲ֮֮ɵڣ¼Դô࣬ռһ֣˾һ֣ô򵥡
ãŴҲȻҪڵ㣬·չҪԴҲ֡
ڲľǱɽһǣһССӰˡ
Ǹʱһжֱ¸ϴơ
ƷҪܱ֮ǰӵԱʵ
Ȼǿ󣬵ȴҲ˳ʸ֮ģɲ׼


2222 һ꣬ɽ¥
Ʒɽ͵£׼ͻƵߵľ磬һ̵߽ͻơ
ķ籩Ÿո𣬳Ʒ˾һսνǾһص۾
ڴ֮ǰƷȻع飬Ŵ콾ĹԵĳ֮£еȻûǰâɡ
˿Ҳ콾еһˡ
ͬǰһԾŶ
Ȼ˭Ҳû뵽Ʒһսıſ£һս˾ش
һΪ˵Ʋ⣬ҲǴλ۷塣
ʵʮǰŵʱ򣬽ֻһͨŵӣʵֱͬһ
ƽưֱһˣ
˾ﲻѵ˵
ԭΪѾ˲ˣ콾һ֪ƷȻ˿£
ҲǣŲĵӣĵӾѾ˵ãǸ£
ôʱķͣҲ֪ˣ콾콾֮ϣ
ԭҲֻһʸƣֶһƷ
ԭʦ־Ȼѹٶ˿ˣ
ǷʵӰЩδܹΪ߼Ĵڵİ
˵ԭйŴ콾˻ʸʦ֣ʸʦָ˳ʸʦؿ㣬۲ŴԣȻҲͬǵԴռһգǽ档
۷׷ףôƷٶҵһ׵Ľͣȷʵͬ죬ʱҲһĳš
гƷǿƳͷ֮ԭ˫ŵҲԴռһ룬Ҳ˸Բͬķֽߣ໥ѹ
ټϻʸƳ֮ѡֳ֧Ʒ˫Լ໥š
Ҳģϣײʧѡ
ƽ;棬ȴҲȻڵĸ߲һʵϣͺܶǰ㣬߲ЩβܵĲ²Ⲣȫԡ
ڵĸ߲ȻͷЩŴ콾ȴҲȫܵķ
ֻǴʱѾԹ˲ϾڹŴع֮󣬸νǷӿڷڵı֮£洫Ӻ͹Ŵ콾ܲⲿľ޴ѹ˼໥档
ȻΪڵĸ߲ȴȫȫܵ˾޴ѹɽ¥
Ϊʮ֮һȻռ¼õģԴḻĵط֮һڣΪЩҲȻȻĳΪʸ֮ġ
һеԹ˲ϾϷָأֿŴš
ڵĶҲֻ·ŵһӰˡ
һʱ䣬¼䣬ܹĸڿʼǲ
Ļʳȡһݼ٣ʼսʱ״ַ̬׷ðͷ͢ĸַָء
ʮżǽ߶Ƚ䱸״̬Сһ紵ݶ̷ɽԱ
ڴĻʳ֮⣬壬壬壬ҲͬйŴع飬˼ΪпĶλ֮ս
Щ֮ҲͬдѡԷ⵽˵
ͬģѪȵҲٲˡ
ԵһŴҲͬжϣֳͻûûˣۿżΪȫͻ
˶׼ôսͨ˸磬ֻǸûа취סʲôȨֻܱĵȴ
Ļʳ֮УַԣһձһոǿӲ
ľ޾κսͼս򣬶ӭľӵѹ̫ξȿڣƺǶЩŴľ档
ڴ̫ξ֮ǰδеķһҪ֮ϵĹŴǲ뾩ȶδµľơ
һʱ䣬Ŀ
ƾۻᣬ¼еĿⶼۼ˵۶
һҪ󣬹Ŵ֮Уڹ˲мһˣͬʱҲ˵һʱǲ뾩
ǿ߶ڵмһˣиǰҰĲҪָǰͳΣȻǿ˳ۣΪС
ҲЩ˶ֹ̬ȣСǵһʱǰ۶
ȻǹŴȻҲǿ֣֮ԵҲͬ
ҲҪǲǰ۶˫Э̽⡣
һʱ䣬ԭۿżսľƣȻΪһ仰׵׵ıѹ
ʱ˲ʶھݴ½֮ϣµһڣǴĻңֻƽ²ߵ˴Ļʳ˶ˡ
ǲµףĻʳߡ
ɽ¥


2223 ͻƣλ
ɽ¥ͬʱƷͻƣҲѾؼʱ
һεͻƣڳƷ˵ǸĲףֻҪͻƵĻôڳƷ˵ȻǷǳ򵥵顣
ͻƵλ˵ѡ
ѵǣսҲ֮ݵһ㡣
ⳬԽ˴λ֮ϵĸ֣򾳵Ĵڣؾ
еĸ֣ȫȫǱھһء
һ˱һС棬һСء
ز߼Ϊ£Ϊ˵λĸ֣ѧν֮Уôؾĸȫһ£֮Ǳ㲻ǽõ
෴ģǾȫȫ֮Ϊ
ǸһҪĸ࿹⣬ƾ֮µĴλ
һǽ֮ΪһǽصߴӱѾ˸֮֡
֮ǰжͬǣ֮ǰھǱǱھ˼֮֮ͻƼޣ屦ء
Ƕ֮˼Ϊ̵˽֮󣬲ֵܹز
Զڴλĸ˵ҪͻƵؾǷǳѵ飬ڳƷ˵ѶȱѰλҪͻƣʮ
ǿͬƷͻƵʱҲҪ˼
Ʒڱչس֮ڣɽͼ֮УƷڰ֮УҲ
Ժ֮У񲻶˸ž˵Ĺâϼڴ⡣
ͬʱʼ֮еķ֮֮Уӿеľķ򣬻лķ
Щְ͸̬Ʒ֮С
ҲؾλĲͬλǽ÷ؾԽɽԼ֮Уɽ֮еķԽ࣬ȻҲԽǿ
һ˵ֻҪܹɳһ򣬾Ѿؾ
ɳķԽ࣬ҲʹԽǿͬؾе˲ǹɳһ򣬶еǹɳ˳ɰǧ˴֮Ĳֱر
˴֮Ĳܱ࣬пʼһֱؾ֮Ĳ໹Ҫ
ƳƷ㣬λѾʼڹɷ򣬼Ǹ飬붼롣
ƾĴڣڴԶλԶѰؾȻе顣
֮ͬʱ̺ȫͬķʣҲǿԴһ֮һŻ֮ĺģһŽɫķ֮γɣĻʼսݻķ
ԭƷһһɣȴָУΪֲͬķ֮Ѿлںϵһ𣬸ֲ
һһַۣܡ
ֻͬʱַ򣬶ַҲΪȶĽΨˣпλѾʼɷ򣬻ڡ
ǹû飬ԳƷķǳСģһɹǿʷеļޣȻԺҲ֪
أҲ֪ãŷ֮֮Уֱݻ֮Ȼ֮ΪϸСԼĪžһ˿һ㡣
˿ȴ໥һںϳһȫµķ
λһ壬ɷָ̺֮ſµи컻ص

ƷһȣɽͼĿռ俪ʼҲԶƷʯӹ촷ۣеֱӿ˳Ʒ֮С
ͬʱƷо֮ԭЩɺԵϸ֮£һ˵ٶȿʼĻָϵͻƼޣﵽӾ˵ĵز
ͻƽλˣƷԵ
ûֻǴλѣȴѾ۳˷򣬽ط֮ΪԼõ
Ȼ绹ǴλǱϺʹλȣֱ˷츲صı仯
ѹֶ˵ֻпؾԼ֮˲õˣƷʱŪˣʲôеõ״̬ǵõõȻֻǵõоţһëĴ
Ǳ״̬Ѿȫȫһˣһξ˵εԾǨıѰ顣
ڵսٶֱͣһܴ͡
ôԵǿƣ
еؾ뵱ֵУв˸߲㣬ƷѰؾĸֱǿ˺ü˵һȭͿԴһѰؾĸ֡
ؾҲĶ֡
ÿһϸڱſֲǿը


2224 ·Ʊ
ΪϹ䣬ҲϷ˰ɣƷЦЦ
ӵʵļ֪֮Ϲ䣬ʶͬ㣬˼ľλʵ֤
ؾ֮£ֻѰ飬ûʸʷԼֻ֣дﵽؾʸ˸ַţԺɨһΪһ
ͳЩߣÿһؼǿߡ
Щ֮УһʱŻӱһߣܹͳһʱλоۡ
ȻڳƷǿ߻ԶվֽһǿߵϹ䣬ҲԷͳһ
磬ԵηȻʸ
ѵ֮УҲؾͼ֪ĸ֣Ĵ֮УҲǵС
Ʒ֪ǣչеʱ¼ҲѾ˷츲صı仯
Ŵ͵֮ͬˮ֮ĶԹʱҲҪõ
Ĵ׷׽ҲٿᣬһŻ飬û֪һľٰĵص㡣
дţһŻʵ޾ǿ֮оС
Ϊǰμӻһⶼһͷһ֮ϾͿͿ̿
СϢϴ˵ĸͷ֣ǿմ򱬺üദǳ飬֮ϣ˿ҹ֮ͻȻҫ۵ǳըȻڼΪݵʱ֮ھʧ
˶õϢǸͷڴ֣ǵʵͷǳֲ˵Ƕصĺ֣зǿߵĺ֡
Žǳˡ
һŻҹᣬǿ߷׷׷أֻû֪һŻ龿ʲôĽ
һӻƺûеõԼҪõġ
˵סȫһΪ춯أ֮ǰһֱ˴ţĻҵһ֣ڿͲܣ
ûˢôܹס¼ǿߣֻ˭û뵽Ȼôǿһ˴һȺȻֱӽЩϹŶϹﶼˣ
гϹĩڵϹֱԣʵʶΪֲϹ䣬зʵĿԣ
һʱ䣬ָϢɣϢ֮УҲϹŵЩǿᣬȻŴ֮гǿ֮Ϲ
ǵ֮ȴҲ˼Ǵ޵ǿߡ
̫ξةȶּ֣һһԴһȺĴڣÿһĴڣΪ֮𺳡
µʱ䣬һܱɻĴսΪһ顣
Ʒոճأյ˾ͽټ
ƷȻЩɻȴҲڵһʱǰݼ˾ͽû뵽ǣ˾ͽǱ߻һλĸߴϢɲӣƷһȴǻʸ˭
ȻʸҲյ˾ͽϢġ
˾ͽδ˱ֱӿʼ̸
ʦܣʸ¶ʵЦݣ˿û֮ǰΪ˾ٵӡ
ƷøУʸȻޱȵǿƣֻҪ϶ԼˣȴԳǳƷҲѡ
ʸʦ֣Ʒ
ʦܻǣɲ⣡
ʸƿ˿ƷоƷƺֻǴλѣֱȴƷԲô򵥣о˼в
ܿȻˣΪ֪˾ôܵģʣ˾ѾǴλ۷壬ǳƷȴ֮ϡ
ʦֹˣϲʦָһƷ˻ʸһۣͻȻ˵
Ǳ㿴ˣʸ졣ʦܹȻ
Ȼͻˣȴûй¶һ˿һϢû뵽ƷȻһ۾Ϳˡ
ȷʵѾؾѾ۳˵һ
Ҳǽҿ˳ƷЦʸƵϢصķǳãҲͬ۳Լķֻ»û취ⷨĲ
ڻʸƵͻƣһ㶼֣ʸͿͻˣҪ콾ս֮жѹԼΪѾͻƵ߾ˡ
ôĵ̣ͻ˳µ飬ϡ档
ʦҲǴջ񣬽ڻҪػʸЦڳƷʵԲ׼ǻܿóԼؾΪˣֻΪҲǴгɳֻǲ֪ﵽεȾˡ
û˿ļʣʮִȡ


2225 Ϸľ
ڻʸƿƷʵԽǿ󣬶ڷڵδҲԽкô
˵δƷɳܻΪԼвʸҲû
Ͼ֮ǰҲõһЩƷ鱨鱨ϾܹóƷȨ
ȨʸҲûʲôµģܹδˣض֮ǿˣԼǿǸˡ
ΪԱȼڳʦӢţȻ¾ͱȽϡ
֪ƷѾǿ˺εȵĵزѾؾҲǳƷĶ֡
ȻЩƷȥ˵ʲô
ʸʦ֣֪Ƿ֪һ˽Ϊ£Ʒʵ
ӦǺһεЩŴعйϵʸüͷ΢˵ʱνɽ¥ЩϼһǣҪˣ
ƷȻ֪ʸ˵ϼһǣЩŴĻǣҪ̲סˡ
ǰʱ䣬
һǧһҹ֮ͱɾȻǴֵľͽפ˽ȥȻɽţյӣڵ·չ˼
ȻֻôȻҲһǳõͷͬҪģ£ϾЩŴȻʵǿ󣬱һһǿ󣬵ȴ޸֮ƼԭźѾʷ֮
ʣµһЩ˲ֻǹӲдˣһСľ³
ҲЩ˲òļ
΢еʶˣܹʶһǰδеı籩Ϯ
ֻǲ֪һεĹŻ飬һЩʲôƷ
һ㣬ʸҲһεĹŻĹ֮ߣԷڵӴʵҲֻǰţһǰģϺŵһˡ
ǳƷͻʸҲûʸ֪оʲô˴ʱѾֱӡ
ѾԵ
˲òˣ
أ֮УһռĲһӰ˵ǰһ˾ͽ

˷׷һҾ
ɣ
˾ͽҲ˿ֱ֮ϣȻ󿪿˵һǰҲΪûǰ֪ͨǣҪʲôʣҼɣ
һǷ֮ǰĹŻйأʸʵ
˾ͽɫص˵һΣҽȷʵһεĹŻйϵ
˾ͽ渵֮£ƷͻʸƲ֪ˣһεĹŻ龿ﵽʲôĵزĴ֣ÿһǵĸ֣˽ɵֶΣԽԽǿƲסǳը¼ˡ
֣棬˫һݡ
ˣҲֵʲôˣȶһ
һ콾˭ʤ˭ʸƵɴ۾Ҳδ̫Ϸ˵ɣ
ƷҲЩȻ˾ͽ˼ƺ˵һεĹŻֳֻһ취ǾЩ콾һϸ¡
ǹŴһ콾ʤôǾͿԽӹܵĵ̺Դ֮Ŵ뿪ü
һеʤѹһʤ֮ϡ
ƷҲզ࣬оʵϷһ㡣
Ϸ˾ͽ¶˼ֿЦ֮ɫҲǶϷôϷĻҪô죬ɱһѪɺӣһĩô
ʱ˲ΪôһƼϷľʵΪûеѡ
ЩеһΪıչǽѡ
Ϲĩڣʳ֣´ıĿֲ棬ֻһЩ伮ϼѾ˿Ųˡ
ǾԲܷ¼ľ泯չ
ҲΣҴĻʳǿռ֮֮أܿ岻壬Ӵжĺ壬ߺϱߣĵ֮ħ廢񣬿νΣķԼȴѣô˭кôҵĿ϶壡˾ͽΡ
ƷͻʸأǳƷڵ֮ϣɫͳΪ࣬ڴֱʱ֮Ȼ󲿷ֶǻ˴Ҳ˻û֮֡
ݣȴȫͬϷȻ࣬ڴ˵ȴֱֻ޶ѡ


2226 ʱƬᾧ
ݳƷ֪Ǳĺ壬Ϸ壬Ǵݵ֮зѳȥģ׷ݵϹĩڣֻЩŷа񣬷չԼصһѾȫָ
ݵ࿴Щˣȷʵ졣
ÿ߾ССĳͻϣ廹ĻʳڲȻŮСŮΪߣСϴԳͽ֡
˫Թ죬Ұ֮
Ұ֮зѳȥȴչ˶صϵҲĴС
Ļʳƽʱǿ˫ͬʱԿĸǿҲ´࣬ЩŴ˺һֻ塣
Ҳ֮٣
ΪĸʵЩŴ˵ռѹԵƣŴ֮Է⵽ʱϹĿ¡
㵱һһȺĴڣòò
˵ܷһݻҵȫˣʱ˾ͽ˵ѾкüڹŴӵкպ˶ԷڻҵҪ󣬵ʱҲɳԼǻһս
˾ͽĻóƷʱˣΪʲô˾ͽټˣΪڵһ֮еٮٮߣڷڵĴȡ֮֡
Щ˶ԷڻҵҪֻҲʲô֮Ѿкܶ꣬ʱ䳤֮ȴ̫
һݻҵڵ֮ǰйٵˣֻЩʱƣ׷׶ʱ䳤֮С
ڣЩ»عˣҪ¶ǵĻҵһõĴս
һˣЭ̵ĽھҪóҵҵطġ
ɲǻһطô򵥣ڵһݻҵ֪˶Ĵ죬ٴԹأǲ֪˶ٴοռ䣬и󷨺ͽԼȵȣǾռ˷ʵһ롣
һʧȥһݻҵ伮Աڣʧ֮Ҳ÷˽ǣԪˡ
Ҫָ֪Ҫ£ۺпûа취ҵһܹɽŵĶ츣ء
ϾؼĶ츣ѾϷִֶĶ츣ҪôѾ˥ܣҪô˺ͷʵµȻϡ
ҪһôףյĽǷڴӴԴϣӴ˥䡣
ʸƵҲͬأǺεǿĴڣҶԷ֣ЩȻмͷʷϲñȷҪǿ
ۺʵȻǷڸռƣǵΧСһԾ֮˫ĲһӱСһΪΣյĵز
Щÿһֻɳһ𣬶ԺɨһǿУʵڵӲ
ȴӦȫŻʱƶôվ
ھһսһµʱ䣬˶׼ʱȻһѪս˵ʵһ޴˾ͽ˵Ҳ֪Է⵽һĿģΪϣǷҲҲһЩöǣǵʵɳǵʵ̫ˣ
˾ͽŻʸƺͳƷڷϣǵʵ˾ͽǲԶһ֮йȻԳۣ¼ľֵǰȴһЩѾûжʱǳɳҪһЩرֶΡ
ţ
ʸƽЩϵˣ⿿ȻУҪ²нʱյΪ콾սһ
Էڵĵ̺ǿȻһЩƿǿٳɳ
һµʱ䣬ؾǿţ˾ͽϣǲҪŵһݿģ
ؾʸƵ֮вɵ˸ּ飬ƺʲô˲õ顣
ƷҲЩ棬ؾʲôû˵
ƷЩӣ˾ͽ㿪˵Ʒʱ̫̣֪ؾҲҷ֮ڵһؾʱƬᾧʱ治ͬԽǿؾģʱٶȾͱҪĶ࣬ǷؾΧĵطʱҲԴﵽһ൱һ꣡
ʱƬᾧƷɴ۾Ȼ֪ؾ۶ܵϤ̶ȣ˿ɼ
ϾеʵļͻʼսĶ


2227 ؾ
ʱƬᾧȻ˽⣬ڵʵļ֮һΣϹʱڣʱƬᾧҲǷǳĶ
˵سʱ򣬷һδըԴ˷ֿڻ֮гͣʱͿռ䶼г͡
д󲿷ֶΪһ壬ΪʱգҲһγƬᾧ֮䡣
жٵܣ֪Ƕּǿ˵ʱȻϵܣ֮Уоʱ䷨ӵĿɲһֻû˳ɹҲɴ˿ɼʱռ䣬ؼķ
ռƬԳһЩλγɵģƷеɽͼҲǵԿռƬɵķԿԸһ㣬һ׷
ΪѾ൱һƬС͵أһеķ򶼸ԳͣȫͬȻᱻݵĵ
ȻҲֻںʱƬԵģϹʱڣֻʼĸֲʸõֵ
ʼĸ֣Ϲֻ¾رĺͯɱ֮
ڵֻҲֻзڵȻвŲᱻ˶ߡ
ʱƬؾϹҲǺ֣ܳϹʶ̶ʮͳɻʣѵ츳ڵǿ̫ô
ȻǣӵзʵҲв٣ʺ츳ϹҪʲôֵԴ֮Ĳ࣬ʱƬϹԶЩʿֻʮ꣬ʵ֪ؾ֮˶̵꣬ʱ֮һˣһɳ졣
ʱƬᾧƽʱҲΪÿһοҪѵԴͲƸ֣ΪڵĲҲΪֶΣ˾ͽ˵ÿһοĵһֵʱƬᾧǱҪǲܿģȻһȴͬΪ¹ҷڵȻҲ͹˲ôˣ
Ʒʱͷ漰ʱؾĵԴȻֻ֣½еԽ࣬ĵԴҲԽ࣬ĵʱƬᾧҲԽࡣ
һΣ֮⣬һЩҲýؾ֮еʸ񣡡˾ͽ˵֮⣬ЩŴ콾еұȽϿõ콾ţ˵ѾǵԴҷҲṩȱıʱ䣬ڱΪǲһ̰壡
ģЩǷڵĻҵֻǳ룡ʸƵ
ã˾ͽ
ܿ죬Ŵ콾ڵűܾۼ˷ڵ
óƷǣ֮⣬Ҳѡһ֮С
֮⣬еϯɣţеƷһͬڵĻԶ
ƷʱˣһνؾԱѡεı׼ӦþǷʣʶǣô͸ûбҪ˷Դ
ͬԴͨŵϺͷڷŵϣȫһĲࡣ
ƺҲм𾪣ƺҲͷһ˵ھȻؾ
˶ԾƷ߿£Щ֮УҲֻʶƷټϵ֮ĶţǲԾŽڳƷΧ
磬û뵽ڷڲȻĺö˷ܵ˵
ɺͻԶҲͬ¶˼˷ܵ飬ЩŴ콾ع֮һӱȡеĹâ
Щ콾֮£ʧȥеĹâĲֻʱѣлԲˡ
ĹŴ콾Ҳ˷ܣȻٶһηؾĿζʲô
һ½ؾ֮ңƷ˵
ţŵ˵ͷȻ֪ƷΪʲôô˵ѾϰӳƷ
ƷĿǰȥޱߵ֮Уһ޴ޱȵ󷨳У󷨵·ϣƷжϳһ
ʣĿĵأӦþǷؾˡ
λ콾εķؾ˵һѵõĻᣬϣץסһεĻᣬŬУΪĻҲ˵ˣǽȥɣ
أ֮ϴ˾ͽ
˾ͽĻ䣬ǰȻɢȥţһ󷨳˵ǰ
Ǹ󷨵·ʼ˸Źâһ˵ǰγһš
ߣ
֪˭һ˱ͬһ㻮ʣ׷׻ݹûһ֮С
ֻƬ̼Ĺ򣬾ѾʧӰ١


2228 һ
ոսؾ֮УƷͷһؾĲͬȻ޼ɽˮ㡣
Ȼǽһ˲䣬͸оʱ䱻ʮ
Ҫ֪ͨ˸оʱţĸ֣ΪԽǾԽܹĸоʱٱˡ
ԶɽˮԿľ˵ٶȱ仯ˮԸٶʣͬɽ鱩һ
ֻǲɽ鱩ʱٵĲͬ
ֻڵĵطʱҪǱߵʱö࣬ǱߵˮڳƷǼ
ԱߣѾʼЩˣڳ֮Ϊ͵ģδλʱٶȻӿ죬ѹǱ˸ֻԷ⡣
ڳƷļ֮ϣһֻɫҲڲϵҹ
˼ûͣ׷׳ŸȻڲͣĵطֹͣΪʱٲͬԽ죬ѹҲԽ
ΪûһֶΣϾͻᱻʱٸѹɷ顣
Ʒֲ֪ʱƬᾧһ֮
ֳ棬óƷˣֻõһҪ֪һȻԳӣʵҲǷǳ೤ġ
֪֮һʱƬᾧ֮УǸ߾˶ꡣ
֮䣬дֲ
Ȼڵʵļ֮пģƷɸдۼ֪ʱôµɱ
һܹյʱ䷨ô˵޽Ĵڣռ䷨ҪӿֲĴڡ
Щ֮УߵԶȻǻʸƣΪЩ֮ߵģͬʱͷϣһӡɢһı⣬Կʱţڱش
콾Ҳ࣬иԵֶΣԶԿ̶ͬȵʱš
ΪԽǸܹԿʱҲԽǾˡ
ʸڵλãҪ켸ʮ
ÿһ¶Եʹãʱ֮죬֪жôľˡ
Ʒ˵Ĺ򣬱ץųһ˸֮䣬ѾؾֱԽ˻ʸƣֱϰٱʱٵ
ͬʱͷϣɽӶɢŵĹâסƷͳԼ񲻱ʱӰ졣
ԶʸƿһĻɵþ콾֮УʵǿģܹߵԶ˸ûܿڵĵط
ǿпֻһ³Ǿ֮ء
ǳƷȴԴ˴ﵽϰٱٵһ£൱ʮꡣ
ͬģȫõУҪٵѹжôľˣһܹ˵ġ
Ȼ֪ĺҲԼ˲õֶΣܵС
󣬻ʸƵûκԥעŵԼϣʼ״̬
Żһ״̬ȻҲףҪܵѹжôľˣƷһӣҲͲ˵ʲôˡ
￪ʼаɣƷԳſ˵ʱٴűҪһٶ౶һµʱ䣬㹻ǵʮʱãʮʱ֮УҪȫУ
ˣ磡
ŵ˵ͷ
ڷؾ֮⣬ԭڹ۲콾˾ͽ˳ƷȻ뵽˷ؾɵмȻҪ֪ؾĿǰûа취
Ϊǿûа취ԿʱţĿڳƷͷ֮ϵɽӶϿһ֪϶ǺͳƷͷϵɽӶкܴĹϵ
ҲмȻɽӶ϶ͬѰҲûٸʵ׵Ĵ㣬ڷڣͷصˣһ⣬Լܡ
ŵĸ߲ҲǿǽЩܣ򽫻´ҡ
ʱһһĹȥ˵̶һµʱ䣬Ŭе˵˵գۼš
˷ؾΪеƽ̨˵Ϊһ˵ٶȷ
Щ콾ΪϵܹܵʱҲ죬ȻٶҲӾˡ
һͬѩһḶ́ԽΪǿܹܵʱҲԽǾˡ
һµʱ֮У··һֹƽ֮Уץʱ򣬷Լ
ڹŻ֮ǿеϷľҲڹ£һʱ䣬»Ȼ
˵û뵽Żϱһ˵Ĵս֮󣬾͵óôһϷĽ


2229 콾
¼ȻǺܶģܿ죬˾ĥеĵҲãǳҲãǵĸ֣ЩعĹŴ֣ռѹԵơ
Ϊ˲´ıѣŲòѡķ
֮Ŷյս飬һʱ䣬¼һƬȻ
ӵսŵɽ֮⣬ѾԶԶΧۣһսܷסԼɽŻҵؼڡ
ʮ֮⣬ɽ˺ֻڰ
˶֪ʮʵ͵̣ľ콾ʮ
ȻһʤôʮҲȻеٮٮߡ
Ȼᷢһľ֮ս
ͬʱҲὫĵ̸Ƴһֻдţûмľ콾ڴ˵е
ÿһԺµľơ
ⱲҲû콾˵˿һ뿴ЩĻᡣ
ڵɽ֮⣬أһ죬ڵɽ֮ϵĽ翪ʼĶһ޴ޱȵ̨ٿսڷڵı档
Ļˣ
ڣһϲɣ̾һ˵
һɲǼ䣬ڣӰڶ𣬳űȥȻ˶ʸһսȻ˶֪ǹϵǷܷסһڻҵĹؼڡ
һӰ֮󣬱һƵӰ˹һɿֲѹŰ֮Щ֮еĸ֣ҪȥľѾȥ
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ĸ֣ѾһһŵĶսһӰʱȴȫǶ֡
ǹƾϢ޷κεֿͷ
ؾ϶ؾλʵ˾һһѾеؾôǲ˶ꣿ治ʱ䳤֮ɸѡľ֣
ѰؾҲô£ҲǾ콾޳ɵؾ
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ʱһӰҲѾ̨֮ϣݿʸ㣬ͦΣ·һ˳ǹֱʣΰȫ²Ž⣬ʮֺˡ
ڵأӦսӦս͵Ѿˣ
ӰʮĮƾףֻȻɢϢ˸оһ㡣
Ŀɨ˷ڲֻǱڵĽǼˣһµơ
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ֻһսӵĴսûп֣ܲһ֣͵ǰ
Ȼû˸ӦսôǿЦǷھȻ֮ڿɽϻӳƴˣڽʱţҲҪռһҵֱǳ룡
ӰЦֻÿЦ޼ɵĳЦڡ
ŭգȴû˸ҳȥǶڷڵĽ֮УԸܵһֵĿ£վȥĻȻӹɡ
˵ɫ÷ǳѿ
ڸϾ㲻ôŰ裬ҷڣС߲ȥ
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ǲӦսͺˣ
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սپ죬ڵĻҵҹҪˣ
ƵƬһ㣬˷ڵĵӵ˶ľΪµĸ֣Ȼǰµģûдˡ
ϵļڳ֣
ֵ˺һ»û˳սֻЦһ˵ģһеӵ˶ûС
ǲ񣡡
ʱŭյķڣ̲סˣֱӷ˳һģӣһ°ɫĳۡ
ȻҼǷǰһ콾ֻǽϢû￴
˷׷׷Ӧ˹ֵҲǷ콾µƣĿ
ӡ
һ˲䣬Ǹڵֱӷһ޴Ĵӡӡס
һɰƣɢ


2230 ˭
Сӡˣ
ѹҲֻһơ
أ
ֲһɢֻһƽǸڵӵĹƴıɢ
һȥƲֱĵǸ˵ϡ

ǸֱӲҽһ˲䵹˳ȥһ˲䱻شȫµĹͷ֪˶ٸ
һ˲䣬Ѿֳʤ
˻ôôֲ˵һֻúë󱳷׹һ㡣
ȻǶ֪µʵӦ൱ˡ
Ȼ˶û뵽ȻµزһͽһͬҲؾĸִ֪
ʲôΪѵѾԽؾô˲ʵ
ûУӦҲǸոտؾ֮ǰشҲòĶȥǾȻ࣬ʵȴرͨ콾Ͷ콾֮Ĳֱ࣬һ㣡
ͨ콾ʶδǣ콾ȴǷ֮еٮٮߣмĲȻӹɣ
ʱȺ֮ؾĸֶ̲ס˵µʵҲÿ¡
ֻ޷󣬾Ȼô¡
ʱһƬȻ¸ޱȵķŭ֮Ȼܹʤµģȴ֣ܳԴС̫ˣƻ˫ԼԶˡ
أʱһȴӷֱ˳һ£ݵò񣬲ǸոеؾҲҷڷ
һ˲䣬һɨգȻֱӳŹºɨȥ
һ죬죡
գۼѾɨ˹£һֱն˹µļ֮ϣȻ󽫹µһֱ۵
Ѫ졣

ˣ۾֮˸Ų˼飬Ҳû뵽ղԼݼһ֮ѹƵķѻȸϾͱѵˡ
˶ˣһб仯̫죬һ˲䣬˾ͿһӰӷӳɲǼ䣬Ѿ˹µǰ
һӰ˶һȴǷ˵ĸ˾ơ
ղһУش˹£´̳֮ϴ
ʲô˳֮󣬶ʱµķζըˣȵ˾ƣ㾹Ȼң
ΣҾɱ㣡˾ĿŹ£ڹҲİ콾ս֡
Ҫɱ㣡
һȣ˶绯һŻһ㣬־һȭŹº˹
ղ˵ӡˣ˾һ˦һӡǷӡ
ֻǺ֮ǰǸڵ˾Ƶķӡʵֲ̫ˡ
˾ƻ˷ӡ֮Ȼһƽ̨֮ϡ

²ҽһҪˣʲôʱܵ裬ݺ޵Уһ֮Уûе֡
콾ս֮ڣҲͬǴλĸ֣¼еľ
ȴ˾һӡ˵ϣеŭ֪
˾ƣ㲻ǱҶһЩ꣬Һݲ࣬һģ
ҪǷֱ˾һӡݺ˵ϡ
µȫͷ֪˶ٸ˾ƵÿһͬһɽݺУѹһ㣬ʵµ˼¡
Σûݣ۸ôǿʳⱾȻģں˵ʲôݣÿЦô˾ɨһۣһӡݺ̨֮ϡ
Ĺ̨ȴû˿𶯣֪Ʒжôĸߡ
ʱҲˣ˾ƵʵԶڹ֮ϣڲ°ˣԱղŹ´ڵ衣
ȴʲôֵģΪղŹµŰҲ˵Уͬɱ˸ĸһأ˾κεķӦǷǳġ
˾ƣ۸ңȻʰ㣡
ŭ
Ǿ
˾һŽԴ̨̤֮ϣ졣
ƾҲţֻһ򣬵˭˾һЦ˵Ȼ㲻ˣý׼ЩСǷڣԷĵط
˵ʱʱ죬˾Ѿһ㣬ֱһ˵ĵղŻŵ޷ĹµֱնԴ
Ѫ罦̨֮ϡ
˶Ϣ񣬲û˾Ҳʵ̫
ЩĵҲһ


2231 صĲ
֮ǰ˾Ұ˳ƷϣһжŲȥˣ಻ĵӿ˾治ǿѡ
Ȼһ֣˲֪˾Ȼ˿ֲؾ֮󣬾Ȼô¡
ȻһܹشȻֱӽѹǴܡ
¾ؾ֮УҲߡ
֮ǰΪ˾ϾȫǳƷĶ֣ڿ̫ˣ˵ӰܹΪ˸ô꣬ôûб£ҡҡͷп˵ֻ˵Ʒֲ̫ˣ
ֻ˵Ʒ̫ˣҲ֪ǺεΪ
ƷԽǷ˵ҲԽкôȫЩ콾֧Ű
ʵ˵ؾ񣬾Ҫ˶ٵ򣬾ǲ֪º˾׶˼򣡡
²Ǹոһѣ͸̨ϷӦǱˣͶʯ·ˣҲжǿƶ˵ս֮ϣһ򲻹Ǹոʸ볡ѣֻѣĲǿߣ
ҿҲǱˣô˵ҲǶ콾ôɵǸزҿҪͷأܹһʱģδջ޴ĺôҲǿ߲ͬ⡣ֻΪһʼ˭뵽һ˾ȵĸ֣һ˾һٵŻôֲȫȫѹ
ˣ׷׵һѹֹ˾ȫȫˣ˭ĳһһٵǺεȿֲ飡
˵ؾļ޲Ǿʮŵô˲ʵ
Ҳͬ¶˲飬ǵ֪УؾҲɾʮŵѣô˾ܹϰٵ
ҲиֵһЦ˵֪ģǲֻѰŶѣѰŹ۾ʮŵѾǳˣǶ콾˵۾ʮŵֻǻ۳һٵϵģȱȽǣ˵˾ֶ콾۳һٵûʲôѶȣ
˵˾ʵϾǹ£ֻҪгʱ䣬۳һٵҲǺѶȵģǱһٺ;ʮֻһĲ࣬ʵ˫Ĳһ˾ʵɱʮ˸˾ʮŵؾ޵Ĵڣ
иֵĽܣ˲ڻȻ˻̲סһܹеؾģζһŵĳƺš
ǺЩ콾Ĳ࣬ȴԸӣǰκξĲ඼Ҫ
˾˵һٵӦöǼޣǸտʼ۸෨ֻ֮ÿһѶȱ֮ǰҪѵĶܹ࣬۶ٵ콾Ҳвͬ۵ķԽ࣬δͻƵ߾ҲԽδʵĸڣǸּ˵˵ЩҪֲ㶼һٵϣ˵޾ٵǼ޵£Լһָ⣡
ôĶؾôôоʲô񻰴˵һ𺳵˵
ŷ֣ͬؾȼɭϵĻֳһͬĵȼ˾޷⡣
ô˵ҪʤģҪˣ
۷׷׵ʱԶʮӰ˳˶һЩӰÿһĸߴΰͬɽ·Ҫѹ졣
ʮߵĺÿһ˸о·̫ħһ
ʮؾ
˸ղŵϴҲˣЩֵ˾ʲôļÿһؾĴڡ
һ˵ʵԶʤڸղŵĹ¡
ÿһʵѷɫ˾
ʮ߹ʱǿֲϢضѹˣÿ϶żΪֲĹâÿһ˶Ǽ޲ͬĹвͬķ
ǿһ֣÷ӣοʮȫ֡
ףʮ¸̥սֻҲϰͨؾֲ
˲ܲסֲԸ¹򣬶׷˳ϰԱⱻϢ¹
ÿһϴŵķζִͬȻǹŴĶ콾Ƕ
ڵĵӼֱоҪˣ˾ȻǿȴǶľ֧Ŵһôĸ֣²ȫ
˫̫ˣͨռݾƣֶ콾вˡ


2232 ҷڵƣȲ
˶оޣⲻ۸ô
ʵ̫۸ˣ
Ż֮ϴӦȻǵ·磬δռϷ磬򲻻Ӧȫ
ȻΪ˷ֹ类ĩգҲ̫ڲˡ
ڵĵӶĸо
˾㿪ʼɱ𣬽Ͳˣ
ʮĸ֮Уһ껺˵
Ϣӿֲȫ˽֮УĿ絶Ķס˾
زˣǻָܹô˾һʮ֣£ɫ̫Щˣϣ˫ﻹֵء
ƽʱ˷ôĺô˵Ƿµ򣬽Ҫ
ǾһҲѡ񣬷ؼ䣬ǵ֮ء
֪ڵĵӣȻɱĵ̫ˣˣǸٶȿ˵
ߣȻ̨ǾҪ׼ʱ̨֮ϣ뿿ŲҷһսǾҪ׼ҷڵƣȲ𣡡˾̫׹µĿˣղ˷ڣ±ϣҲˡ
Ͼǵһվģû뵽˾־Ȼĺݣֱ֡
ãǼȻˣҲͱǲˣ
ǹЦ˵
ڣû뵽Ȼڰڵ伮ţ˵֮Ϊеķ򣬺ų֮ڣҲԺһʱڵķҪ飬û뵽ղŵĹ£ڵĵӣмʶ˾̾˵
˻֪ȻҪҲҳᣬһΣڽˣ
ⷽĵֻ̣»ҪһЩģ
۷׷׵ʱǹѾˣܣ֮۶ľˮͨԻ˵Ϣѹ̮ҲϰٵĴڡ
˾Ҫ
䣡
ɲǼ䣬Ѿɱ˾ǰ֮۶ɣֱӺɨ
ڵĴбκδжҪӹ
˾ͬʱҲ֪һսҪһˡ
ֱӻ˷ӡ֮ײһ
¡
˵ս̨ʼ΢΢ղ˾͹֮ս̨˿ı仯֪սļҳ̶ȡ
˵ս˿Ŀѣԣ˵ĶֻܿһЩӰӰ´µӰˡ
սĲ޴̨˱ನش
ʱʣµľҲסˣʼˡ
һϣն˾
ЩĮޱȱ䣬ûнνطһ̨ҲûκεĹء
ʤΪΪܣʤ߲һеʸ
ʧܣڷ˵ڻҵᣬֻܳΪɥ֮Ȯ
Ѿɥ֮Ȯ᲻һȵĸ¾;űѾԶˡ
ԣû˽ʲôأΪ档
ɣ޳ܣ
ڵĵӷ׷״𣬵ûãǵֹ˵Ķ
̫˶۸٣̫ˣ
ڴʱڷڣֱӷӳʮӰֱ̨֮ϡ
ֱӼսš
˶һȻǷڵЩŴ콾
ڵĵӴʱӯȻڵЩŴ콾֮ǰȷʵ裬ڷΣʱȴҲЩվ˳
Щ˻ǷڹŴ콾֮еٮٮߡ
һڣ̹Ȼʮˣÿһ콾ÿһϰٵĴڣԺ˾ȼ磡˸Ƴ޵
˿ȥʮǿƵ˼µķڵ콾ȷʵҲǷǳǿᣬÿһϰٵ򣬳ԽѰؾļޡ
ȵ˼֮˾ҲԼʵ֮ǰ²һٵ򣬶ǾȻ۳ٵ
ߣȼ磬Ტ۵ǿڣÿһҲ۳ٵ򣬿νǿǿ֡
ǵĶ֣ʮֲĴڣҲͬٵĴڡ
Ƿֳĸ˾ɵסʣµķʮ콾۳ٵĶ콾۳һٵ콾֮ĲһĿȻѾֲܹˡ
ʣµ˿ʼΧ˾ˣ˾Ϊ˵ĸһҪ˵Χ
һʱ䣬ޱȵΣ


2233 ʮ꣬˸Ϊ
ͬʱڷķؾ֮УɽӶ֮£Ʒţ˶ڷ֮С
ֻǹȥһµʱ䣬Ƕ˵Ѿȥʮʱ䡣
˶˷츲صɱ䣬УԭʵĳţҲʮʱ䣬ֱ˷츲صı仯λǣһ·ͻͽؾһϰٵ
ϰٵڲƣÿһ򣬶һھ˵ıնȥضҪն顣
ʮʱķչͬĳƷһԶԶͬ˦Ѿ׷˳Ʒһ
۳ϰٵѾԽͨؾļޣؾ콾
ʱƣٶԽԽ죬Ƭ֮䣬Ѿ۳һһ
ͣ˿ңһ֪һµʱѾˣޱȸпû뵽̶ʱ֮ڣȻѾﵽĵز
˵ʣҪµٵֻҪʱѡ
ؾ۳һѵģֻҪ۳˵һ֮һо˳Ķˣ˵èɣǸϵ۳ķ
Ҳڶ̶ʱ֮ڣѾ۳һһĸԭ
⻹֮ǰ̫ʱλ֮ϣĻѾ۳İٵٵпܡ
Ѿ֪ˣô̵ʱ֮ڣô˵ĽѾʮ־ˣζΪҲԱ
оʱضͻƵߵľ磬ѹסˣΪ֪ؾڳʵľ˵Ľ׶Ρ
׶֮У۵ķԽ࣬δʵҲԽǿ
һһͻƻ޵ٵͻƣδӰȻȫͬġ
ΨһһٶȼˣĲԶƯڰ֮УȫһƬ֮УķͬһֻֻСĽΧת
۳ıķ򣬺нֻ֮ͬҪϵѪ󷨴ѪͿԲϾͨϵͻļޡ
ʮʱ֮УĽȱŻҪ󣬾ȻѾﵽİپʮŵֻһͿԴﵽԲͼޡ
Ŀŵ˳Ʒϵʱ֮вɵֲ˼顣
Ϊܹ֪ʮʱ֮УƷ˺εȾ˵ٶȡ
ͨţ콾콾ÿһεΪƷﵽ˼µʱ򣬳ƷǲϵͻƵ˸µľ硣
ڵĳƷȻѾǾŰپʮŵ򣬼ֱǾףδš
ļʶ͵ѾһˣϾ콾һڵ֪ܡ
ΪˣžĳƷֱǿĿ¡
ȻѾһٵ򣬵ֻԳƷһжŲס
ڳƷͻƵߵľ磬ҪӴλԲͻƵؾͻƵؾͬʱҪƾŰپʮŵļ֣ﵽԲһǧ
ܹĻôؼ佫ᵮһεȿֲĴڣֱ޷
ˣſܻомֿ־壬ǳƷʱֻޱȵİġ
˼ʱ򣬽ĽɢȥֻСķڡ
ٵˣЦֱоȫûһǳǿ
û뵽ԼܹﵽĵزˣһҲһֻ۶ӥѾǺڱֱ֮
Ǹʱֻ֪Щ콾̣Ǿ֮ܣ죬֪ߵغ
ڲ˾
ˣȻѾͻƣǾͳȥʸʦһ֮͵
أƷ˵
ȻУȴڸղŲ˻ʸƵĲѾ뿪˷ؾҲ֪һսѾʼˡ
ȴżΪ֪żҲûãڵȴͻơ
ǣˣ
Ȼը̣Ҳ˵ٿڳƷûҲը̣ƷĿֲ½ϢҲоľ޷⡣
Űپʮŵ򣬼Ѫļ䣬̫ҲûôֲĴڡ
ֱǹﰡ
ȻǲҸ̵ģԳƷûκεԹֻޱȵķӡ
ãǷ磬ȳȥˣ
һһ̤Ŷݹ뿪˷ؾ


2234 ǧһϵ
һһ뿪˷ؾ֮󣬳Ʒе״̬˵һǧѷĺûᡣ
Ѿ̤˴λ۷Ķˡ
һΪ˵νǾ춯أ˸
ûܹ㣬۳Űپʮŵ
ڵʵļ֮Ҳûзܹز
˵ǰ޹˺ߵ飬ƷҲ֪Լܹһ֪Լÿǰһڴһǰδеļ¼
ŰپʮŵؾҲܹ۳ٵѡ
һǧǾ͸ǳԽؾ֮ϵĸֲп۵ĳġ
һǧǳԽؾĸֵı¡
ƷҪ۵һǧȻӶһٳؾ֮С
ΪʮǱ޻һԲľš
һ֮ǰκһ۷ҪΡ
ʵϣǰѾһ򣬵һֱûгɹһֱڣ˵Ѿһ
֪ԼУ֮·У֪ڵ״»ᾪȵĵһ۾
ڳƷԼ˵ȴûʲôΪ漣̫ˣÿһУڴһǰ޹ˣߵļ¼Ȿ˵Ƿǳ顣
ٸһʱ͹ˣһǧˣƷ֪ھ̨Ѿʼˡ
ȴԸӳȥȻ֪ʱѾˣǶ˵ǾŰپʮŵһǧȫһĲࡣ
Ըôǰʱ䣬˷ˡ
ϣʸʦܹ֧ŵҳذɣ
ͬʱ̨֮ϣһνǽڽڰˣȻܹͬЩ콾࿹Ĵڡ
̫ˡ
ʱķڲһһĵڿɫǿš
һܹ֮ӵô콾Ѿ㹻ˣʱȴǲġ
˾㲻Ǻôھ
ʱǸЦһȫ˸֮
֮ؼʹνǾ춯أƽ⣬ؼ汸
ǹأִϡ
һΪͲ˾֮£˵мһΧ˾
ڣ˾ķȦ©ץס˻ᣬһƺؿڡ
ۣ
˾һѪؿȫ̮ȥǱһƺؿڣĻһ˲䱻ıܵش
ʱŴ콾Ҳ֣ͬһһ͹ûи˾ԴϢĻᣬǴڹؼʱ֣˾նɱ
ɱ˾һȫķǣγķ籩񳱣Ȼסֵһ
˸Ϊ֪˾ƴˣǼˣͬȼĸֵΧ˾ƴҲǸûκôġ
Ȼûã˾Ͽ񱩵ķѾʧӰ٣һϢǸһȭɵ̨һ䣬ݺײ̨֮ϡ
ۿžǽ٣Ҫ̨֮ϡ
ɱɱɱ
̨֮ϣǺɱڵĹŴ콾Ҫȥ֧Ԯȴûκΰ취ΪǶʮǿĹŴĹŴ콾׾ٵסˡ
û˿ͻƷ˶оˣķʵپ
ڵĵӸǸоԼã˷ĴսǸûκΰ취
ǵΪʵ̫ˣȥμ̨ʸûУǵΪȥҲǱһɱѡ
ǲ콾ķڵĵ֮УҲмѾؾǵͶѾ̫ˣûʸ
ʸ֪ʮ򣬸ûв̨֮ϻսĿԣȥһ֡
ֻ콾ϵĸֲпͿؾʸս
ͨ콾һ̨֮ͬ˶ĳЩڵĹŴ콾࣬ȴԶԶٵĹŴ콾
Ȳĵ

ǸЦһɫл֮һϢ˾ȥ
ǧһ֮ʣһֲĶݹӷ֮кɨ˲ͽǸе֮飬Ĺ䵽˾ϡ
ԭѾһϢ˾Ȼָ˹Ȼ۷廹ԶȴҲѾٱ
˭


2235 һж
ǹ곯ŷڵķһ֮жʱҲû˸ղŵĴݡ
Ǻôĵӣҷڷ
أʱһӰʵ죬ɲǼѾ̨֮ϡ
˶һȴǻʸ˭
ʸʦ֣ǻʸʦˣ
ڵĵӶʱʿ˶֪ڵĵ֮УֻԻʸΪһ
ƷȻͷܴ󣬸ǺųƵӵһ˿ҲֻǵһѣϻʸŴ콾
ղŵľƣڵĵӶˡ
ûа취֣ǹϵڵҲǹϵǵǵȴҪ֮֮֡
һǣʸƵʵȻҪ˾֮ϵġ
ʸƣ㣡ǸصĿŻʸƣȴԾ
ȻҪսȻһ׼ûУ˶Ҫ뽫ڻܣǵĻҵôһҪԸ˲Ǳˣǻʸơ
ʸƺųƷڵ֮еһˣһΪɲ⣬Ǻ̫ܶϳ϶Ķ֡
ң
ʸƵĳ֣ʱսμڵʮŴ콾׷˶֣˻ʸƵ
ȻЩǱȴû֮ǣΪЩŴĹŴ콾ѾߣȻҪȻɱ˾ȻڳЩڵĹŴ콾նɱ
ֻû뵽ʸô죬ؼʱ˾
Σûܵסǣ˾һεĿŻʸơ
ȻѱǶڻʸȴǴĵϿɵģȻǽʸƵΨһϣ
޷ѾܺˣǲԶٶѣʸư˰֣˵
漴ʸƵĿɨʮֲľ콾һ𶼿ԺɨһƬѰ콾ǵڣٶ۳ٵһʵǿᵽһ־۵ĵز
ʸȴû˿أ෴ģмַɣ˵ôǼѵΪǼܹ߸ҷڣһЩɣǼɱģ
ʸƣҲδ̫һ㣬Ϊ˭ϵôϵҲɱ㿴ǹ걻ʸ٬̬ŭʸƵĻǿǣΪʮ֣Ҳûκô
ҵǰûκôʸƵĿ䣬˸ԶԸôҾɱǳֺˣ
ʸȻǵǵ棬ȴδЩ콾ʱЩ콾Ļðɡ
һʸƣҵҪķж
Ǹһȣȫķеķֲ̡
̣
һȭǸз̾ͳŻʸƺݺȥ
ˣ
񷶼ھҵ𶯣·һ˲ҪһȻ˾ֻзֱ䵽˻ʸƵϡ
ʸʦ֣
£ӷ׷׾
Ȼ˶ԹŴ콾ðǻʸƵĺʹں̵ܶʱ֮ڣڷ֮ӵзǳӵ
ڿʸƾԷĹ䵽ϣʱʧɫǸĹжôĿֲӹɣֻһƾͽ˾
ǻ£һ˲䣬ʸֻһȣֱ̾Ȼ˵ǰһһıˡ
ֲĳ棬Ŀɿڴ
ǹ꣬ǲûɵˣΪղһûκε֣˭룬ʸֻһȾͽĹƵˡ
Ȼֻ˻ʸһӡ۵ͷϷһӡתǷɴӡ
һ˲䣬ɴӡ͵һȥǸӦͱֱӺС
أ
ͷ­ͺըѿһ޾ѪԽѿ
˲䣬Ǹڵľ콾Ѿ˻ʸƵϡ
һ
ʸЦһŸˡ
ʣµľŸ˲оһ󷢺ֱǼһ㡣
𣿡ֻоˣǵȻ֪ڷս֮ϣǵȼɭϣμ
ֻǱΪؾ֮һٵӦѾ׷ϣǳЩˡ
˭뵽˫ĲಢûбСһˡ
ʸƾȻɾͽһڵľ콾նɱ
һжѣ


2236 ֮
ֱڣ˲ʶˣŴжôĿֲ
˵콾ֻĳһʱ֮ҫһʱĻô콾ûʱ֮г۵ǶĴڡ
һôһѹʱĿֲ
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ʥ㲻ͬж˵ͬԷˮһ򵥣ͬĥܹջͨ콾Ҫʮĸ
ֻҪزۣҲǿԷĴڣϿʶΪͳһʱ䡣
ֻ̫̫ˣٵ˸˽ЩжôĿ¡
ڵԭҲףΪλὫϣڻʸƵϣΪȷʵʸ
ǿôȣЩͨʲôи־ɥ˵ѾǻϹ֣ڵ֮ҲǺǱ˵ͻʸȣͨ콾ܹġ
ͨ콾ؾҲǵյ㣬ǸոտʼаˣǶ˵ȴѾе˼£޷һ
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ƽպգһس档
Ȼ콾ս֮һоѾˣƽǳķʣͻȻͷ賤Ұһǵߡ
ڸǼ֣һָо֮ǰҸоʵ򲻹ֻɽϻӳƴѡ
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ʸȻץסᣬ֣˸֮ĸ콾ϣֱ롣
ʸƵĹûʲôʲô˵ͨѧֻǼ򵥵ĳ֣ȴӵĪ
ǻΪ򣬽һּµľ磬޷ǿ׼ݶѡ
ʣ˵ĹʱҲڵˣǵĹ䵽ʸƵϣʸ˸һɫĹӣػС
Щӵʱ򣬶׷׻ΪУɢֻĹɢ
״ˣǺĲжôĴ󣬸ûа취ֲ
ʸϷŹɱļ𣬱ûаֵĿԡ
ʸƻݹ׷ȥֻƬ֮䣬ͽʣµɱɾ
޴̨֮ϣѪʣƬ֮䣬ȫʧ̨֮ϣƴڹһ㡣
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ղŻ̫ͬħһ˴ļҪʮ𶥼콾ھȻʸһɱ˸⡣
Ͳսһ浹¾
΢赲һ¶Ǵ˵еô
Ǵ˵е𰡣һ·ɨ޵У֮ͬгۣ֤ɻʣ
콾ôҲǶķʣʱ򣬾Ȼ˿£
ʸƾ˶ٵʵ̫ˣ
۷׷ףǶʸһ˸ɱƵˣ˴ʱףΪʲô֮ǰһֱ˵һսĹؼЩϡ
𶼲ǣôһε̨ս֮Уء
ڵĵҲ׷¶˷ܵ飬ʱʸǵͬ˵вܵһ
ˣ
ͻȻڴʱһĽŲʴ


2237 ս
˻δڸղŵ֮дϢ㿴ԶߵͦεӰһһ˹
ÿһζſµϢѹأÿһӰڻʸơ
𰡣ͳͳ𣡡˾һ֮ǰ콾ڻʸƵǰһѾ֤ǵĴ
ʱ̨̤֮ϵģ϶Ǵ˵еҲΨǣ̤ս
һ̨֮ϣѾɱѪɺӣⱲӶû뵽ͬʱô𣬶ЩҪ໥ɱ
ʱǻʸƵϣҲ¶˼ص顣
ǰ𣬱ԤƵĻҪ࣬һս޿ɱܣûѡ
߸֮УŮÿһʥһܡ
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ʱһǰһ˵
ӲǱˣڵڵƲķ֮£Ȼ𣬶ǰǸ
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ͯõĻ԰ɣǧǰֹǲ֪˺εȵز
ʸƿ˵֪ǰͬͯģʲôˡ
Ȼ콾ս֮ϣ콾ߣ콾繷ٮٮߡ
һôˣȦҲôȻÿ˶Ϥ뻹֪˴˵ݵġ
ǰͯʷǿ콾壬ʳֹһߡ
˵Ȼͬͯһ㣬ȴû˸Сͯ
ϾҲһѾȴҲû˸С
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֮ǰڵ콾˵֪ͯҪǿĶȥˡ
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ͯЩĽ̫ˣʸƸ˵
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һּΪʣʥ壬Ǽͳιԭǿţ
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ʸƳ˴ѪвϵĿѪ
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һʣµĸҲһ֣ʸƾҲܿˡ


2238 Ԯ
˵ܾѶ²з̵Ļᡣ
뵽ĵӶ¶֮ɫֻǸûκΰ취ȥһսʸûС
ǲЩǰҲֻڻҶѣûκ塣
ʸƣͬΪҿһ·뿪ԻʱǸŮӻ˵ҲҪ¸ϾɱֻҪ֮ضѣͬΪһŵϣʹߣӦֿ
ʸƳʱϢˣƺҲںĶھԵʵǰʸƻָһ㻹ǻָ۷壬ûκ
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ķѾ̣
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ҪȡڵĻҵǴҵ̤ȥʸ˵һ裬Ϊҷֻһ֧ôǾ̫ˣ
ʸ֪ǺŮӵһʱΪ裬ڵưһʱĻɽһŵеķֻͨͻйϵڲͬһŽͨӵ˼£Ҳ˼£ܣҪ
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¼˫̥Ͳ࣬˵˫̥ͬʱ߱ʵʣָԶԶԽһһڶЧ
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Ŀ䣬ʸƵ֮Уżζ飬ƺȫûнʸƷһ
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ʣµһˣ᳤һ򵥵۷ȫ¶мΪµĽⲨһĽ͡
һΪǾףûܹĵļʲô
ʥңʸƶʱ־ŭҲû뵽;ӳˡ
Ҳ˵ңԶ֮ǰһµĽͣνɣ֪ĶõһĪĽС
Դӳʼº޵֣һΪƿ˸񣬺ųƹн츳Ĵڡ
֪ƺжˮ֣ͬ˶֮ΪʥͿ֪жôľˡ
Ҳúܼ֣˵ǳˡ
ҲõδڵĶ֮ţڳƷ֮£ȻôųŲˡ
ֻδһҲڶˣһ˳ꪣϴһ˵£ֱǰ
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һɽʥĽ˵ҪСϲ٣ȴû˿ãȻֱӭһϡ
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2239 
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󣬱˴ĽıƴıƴҲֻǶ̶ʱ֮󣬾Ѿֳʤ
ŵĽⱻƿȻҲ۽ѷɫΪʥȴҪԶˡ
⽣ʥİٶķ򣬶۵ķ򻹲Էһ룬ǲʵǿᣬͱʥһˡ
䣡
һ䵽̨֮ϣֱ̨նһĺۼһ̨̫μӹ̣磬һԽһǳغ촷ۡ
ڹؼ֣Ժ绯֮㿪⾪˵һ
ʮʱ֮Уſǵõ˳Ʒرָϵָ㣬һЩرͨͷĴڡ
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񿡵ģȻˡ
ǽ񰡣ѹֿԺ࿹⣬ռƣǳ̫ʮ֮һ
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鶼̫ʮ׵ѪֻǷĳ̶Ȳһѡ
Ȼһֻ㲻ѪĽҲѪΪķݡ
Һһֻݣڳʦֵļϣһֱݣ
͵һӷ·ʲô˶ˣǶڳƷļϿһֻԼĪȭͷСĿΪ񿥵ݣֻǸʱôСһֻǰһֻ̫ˡ
úܶ˶û뵽һֻݾǳƷϵһֻ
ܶһӾͻȻΪʲôˣΪǳƷշ顣
ܹշʦʵ̫ˣҵż񣡡
˾һ˵
ֻһֻѾôǿˣǳʦǿᵽʲôز
ʦڲӰҲ֪
̫ΣˣгʦڣǾ̫ˣ


2240 սƷ
˵ԭ˶ڳƷսãֻȻӦûԺЩԶԶ֮ϵĹŴ콾࿹Ļ
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Ҫ֪Խ̫ʮ׵ĺ϶ǼΪ߰ģܹݳԼƷʵܻ
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ǽʥĶ֣ҲԸȥҪʸȡʱ䣬ѹҪǣ˽ʥĽ֣Ѫڷڡ
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ȫһĽڵս棬˵Ҳ֤һõĻᡣ
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ǿٶԷԷʵĴڡ
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ͯҪɱ֮ʣһµĽշ˹ֻһ˲䣬ͽͯķ顣


2241 
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Ϊһܹס߸ôһ۵Ļ迪˵֮ϣżֺɱ⡣
¹ϵǻɽĸˣκˣҪ赲ܡ
סԲ֪ˣƷ˵ǲûʤ㣬ȥףиףһһ
ڳƷЩûʲôϧģѵһʣνǶ֮컯ɱеϧ
˵ɫЩѿǶˣƷָ֮߸ϣȫǷ
·־ͿԽɱȻȰ뿪
⳹׼ŭĸļˣƷԸ˵ôţͬΪ˭ܱ˭ǿ϶٣οǵռݾԵơ
ϰɵĳţҲ룬ֻ൱ǵһѡ
ţһδҸ֮ˣ
ڴʱǸµˣս⣬ʱؼ䶼һƬޱߵս֮£ʱеĳֱӻһֲ⣬ҪƷ롣
ǿһҪƷɱҲҪش
ǿֲĹâڱ̫ĹâΪؼΨһĹԴڡ

һȴƷȻָסֲһȻ͵һӽһ۶ϳꡣ


2242 ٵ򣬲Ǽ
µĴսһǸµ˲֣ûκε֣һ֮ٶȷ׷׳֡
𣬳Ǹʥδ֮⣬˷׷׳֣ǧϼ׷֮ͷףÿˡ
ȴ̺ĿֲܣΣռˡ
Ҳ¼ˡ
˳֣ش򴩣Ҫһȫµһ
ͬʱʥĽֱָš
˽ʥ˼֮ĶԾղΪƷĵˣҪ
ȻΪԶԶûнʥߣǳŻսⶼڷڣ˿Ըá
ֱӷ˸߿֮У̨֮ϣս˳дսˡ
ʱڳϣ˾˲ɵñֵĿֲ˱Ƶ˳ȥ޷̨֮㡣
ʲôпֲǿֲ
ֵѾԽһеļޣ¼ˡ
ΨнͻʸƲ̨ܹ֮סΣֻҲڷ׷Լķʱ׼һս֮С
ϴȫƣҲûзŹ
ƷǲŲæ֣Ҳûκκ£ָȭֲĽָ֮
䣡
󣬻˰˲ɫİ˲˲ס˼Ҫ񷡣
ǿֲʥƴЩǧĹ䵽˲ϣɲǼ䣬ȻֱӻΪˡ
˲ϣ˿ֲĹâַ֯У˲ȭʱ򣬲Լܡ
֮ǰƷʩչ˲ȭķΧ֮Ȼؾ֮󣬾Ϳ˵ķΧ
ڰ˲ϲŵĹԡ
ǿֲһסȫνһѹƷĵͷ˳֮󣬼һӾסĵ
Щ˲о㤣һĸоƷ˲չֳʵȫȫԽǡ
ôôǿ󣡡
ֹٵ򣡡
ʸƶôǿ󣡡
Ŷ𺳣׷׾
ԶΧ۵ˣҪɵˣһ֮סǺεȾ˵ʵνǾ˫
֮еߡ
Ʒһȭݻİ˲Ҫ𶼸ѹĹ
һ콾һôµô˵δԱȼͣڿҲʵôǾܹᲢ۵ģ
˵ǶƷδľ͡
ǴҪ֪͵ʵҲǺЩͬƷʵԻЩ֮ϡ
֮ϣ˲ɢĹâŵĹԣϡ
ƴˣ
Щ׷״ǱƵڲֲ⣬Ҫ֮еÿһϸըÿͷҪ۶ϡ
ɱ
Ϯľ֮ͯޣ׻ȸ룬޻סϵȻڿѪҲڲͣȥͼܿƷ⾪˵һ
Ҳڷ׷ƴʱûκεĽңֻһѣǸоƥС
ûа취ֿµĴڡ
׷׸ͨս
¡
˲Ĺƺ䵽̨֮ϣȻ̨ҳһ󶴡
Ǵûй飬֮ǰЩҲܹһЩѷˣǾѾǼˣڳƷֵһȭͽ̨һ󶴡
֪жôľˣ
ʦܾȻʸƶסˣ˵
Ϊ֪ԼΪЩ޼ȻٵȻʵϣҲǿһ
ԿκһɣͿսܣ߸ɡ
ֻѡΪ˷ڵĻҵһС
ǳƷʵȴԶԶȻ϶ǳԽٵļޡ
ٵ򣬾ȻǼôʸҲܵ˼𺳡
Ϊûٵ֮ϣܸһٵоǧѡ
ҪٵԲľ磬ѣ˵Խ
ԹЩʵĴڣͬľ磬ҲٵѣſԺκһ࿹⣬ͬ粻·硣
ȻƷչֳʵԴ˼ޣ硣
ԭ˵ٵ򣬻ǼޣͻƵߵļޡ
ЩӳƷĹ֮ӳ죬ӵһʱֻҲѡ
ٿƷʱ򣬼ֱͬڿһһֻǰǱ˿ǵ


2243 ֵ
ڻʸ׹ٵǼ޵ʱҲ˹ǲףҪͻƵ硣
ٵ˵ȷʵѾǼˣǲ֪Ʒܹɾ͵Ϊ̫̫Ķء
Ƿʣ֮࣬Ѱܹģ˵ĸʵļȵȡ
ƷѰ߱
ȻܹһףƷ΢΢һ򼸴ʱУֱڿһһ
ٵһǧĲ࣬һ㣬ԶЩǰ㣬ֻǳԽٵļ޶ѡ
أƷ̧ͷȻ֮Уսĳźͽʥˡ
˵Ľ潫һƬ񷻯һƬĹȣ˵Ľǵͷ˳
ûбֶΣǽ⣬У֮ıƴ֮ıƴ
˶ڽ򶼴ﵽ˳׵ĵزֻǺͽʥȣŵΪҪԶˣս֮Уνȫ·硣
ǳŵĲʱ𽥷ӳԼĿ֮һδαˣһδαĿѪĹ֮У۷ٶȾȻڼӿ죬ŲǶ̶ʱ䣬ԭѾٵȻ۳˵һȻһѣóŵΪһҲϵ۳ķ
Ȼս֮УٶȲŻԽԽ졣
űƵ˼£ȫĵͶ뵽ս֮У˿ķģͿܻᱻʥһ롣
ȫǱͲȫǱܶ˳
ˣҲѾǼΪΣϾ۵ķԷһ룬ֵܹڣͬѰľ콾׵նɱѾǷǳˡ
Ʒֱһֻ֣ɲǼ䣬Ѿһֻץ֮Уһ˲ץס˽ʥ

ʥҽһͱץסĻ彣һֻǰûκô
ڽʥΪԼҪɥڴ˵ʱȴƷûнһץ
Ʒƻ֮Ĺƽ֮սʥŭ·𱻴˾ս˵ǲˡһ
ʵϣһսǶڳźôܶ࣬Ҳѧ˺ܶ಻ͬ
ŵΪԶ۽гƷĽ̵˿ǿ
˵ҲһǧѷĻᣬ֣õĳܹɱ
ƽΪǿô࣬ʲôƽȻ빫ƽҾ㹫ƽƷ˵
ʥûиʲôʱȴ֣ԼڵķһͣȻķ֣ԼķȻѾӡ˾
Ҳӡһ룬ֻʣٶȻŻҪǿһЩȴҲûԭѹԵơ
ʱȻ󱳷δ˿µֶΣǻģȻܹԻʵʵûģǱ־֡
δ˵ܹӡѾ˵ķģǳƷˡ
ʱףղųƷ˵Ĺƽ֮սʲô˼ӡΪȴΪǿһЩ
ôĿѾǳˣȻҪԼŵĥʯĥŵΪ
ʱŭȫȫɸˣԸȥҲԸ㱻С
漴ץϵĴҲɢȥ
Ҳ˳Ʒ˼֮ǰĴսȻڱ֮У࣬ʵ̫Σˣʱս
ȴͬˣʥǿȴҲޣԳΪĥĥʯ
뵽һ̤绯Ȼһ˽ʥǰһڳֱ̳һ˵ĳ磬ɲǼ䣬Ѿ˽ʥǰ
ʥķӦٶҲ죬չȻ⣬ȴҲǾĸ֡
һʱ䣬󶥼Ľ֮սֱӱ
ƷĿٶת˳еʱ˸мֵǿƷ赭дľͲ֮Ĵս
ӡһĹķ
һʲôֶΣ֪֪ǿ϶ġ
ʲôʱֲֿĹˣ
ǴԼѾˣƷʮǰ޹һʱǸʱ콾ǬԪ
ԭǳƷѾô
Ѿ˾͵˭֪ǵûһ˾˵ʵ
֮ǰ˲²ʮʱˣڿˣޣʵ
۷׷ףƷĿǿУֵˣ


2244 ɱ޵
ƷĻɥӱ죬̨
ʣµϴżΪص顣
˵ʱ٣ʱ죬Ʒ˲㶯ˣָȭһȭ
¡
һ޴ĺµϯ˷˲ʱʧϣǾ޴ͷĿѣ
ų̂ϽıֻƷһȭһǳس׻Ϊ촷ۡ
ֻĲ̫ˣƷһȭǽ񷶼һ㡣
̨֮רõĽ綼ھҵĶ
ɱ
Щ𱻱Ƶ˾һǳױǷ׷״ȫķݵ˼£ͷڷȻסһȭİ˲
˲Իʵ壬ѹһˡ
磡
һȣһ𼸺Ĭĳ֣ȻǱ˴֮ǰδǵ԰ʵҲҪ
ⲻ˲Ĭ˽ԼģǵˣΣһġ
һ˲䣬ֲһ磬˲ͽֱС
Ȼֻάһ˲ѣڰ˲ѹ֮£˲
ۣ
ȫҽһڴڵĿѪɳȥںͳƷײ֮г׵׵ĳһ
ٿƷ֮Уŵ飡
Ʒչֳʵ̫ǿˣȫȫѹˡ
֣ԳƷʱȴҲһһ̣ǵĸ֪֮УƷЩԽؾĿֲڡ
ƿ֮󣬳Ʒû˿ֱ֣Ǹµǰ
ķӦ죬һ˲նһ˵â飬Ҫռ䣬ضں¡¡𶯡
ǳƷǿҲ߸ϣһֻֻȥȻһ˲䣬ͽһ˵âһһѹķ顣
𲻶ϵŭȵƴˣ
Ǹûκôһ˲䣬ͱƷһĵȫըѣͷȫ飬ֱӲ
ʬҲƷץɽͼĿռ֮С
ؾľѪڳƷ˵ô
ʱ򣬼Ǻ޻֮
ͬͬؾٵһǧĲֱ࣬һĲࡣ
ûʱ򣬳Ʒ˳˵һǧ򣬽ؾеԲ
ʵϣûһǧԾŰپʮŵʵҲѹЩ
ֻǲôɰˡ
˵ٵ;Űپʮŵв࣬ȴҲûдĵزǵƷһ򣬵һǧ֮ʱ˴䵽ʱĲࡣ
ֲͱ仯ս棬һɿס֣ҽɱ
һˣ
һûȫӦƺأԲţȻܹۿ䡣
Ҫ֪ЩһǧӰ֮ӡ
ѡӡʱڸԵʱ֮УǶһ޶ǿĴڡ
еһǧ֮ڣǶһ޶ߡ
Ȼڣֶһ޶ȴƷָ⳹״ǵۣ۶ضǡ
˶ھһУǶˣڰй۲ĲڹŴĸ֡
Ƿ·𿴵һȽȽϴڡ
̨֮ϵǿ𣬴ʱƷħһģȻҲмֿ־壬嶼̲ס
ȻʱѾˣ˫кͽĿԣӳƷɱ֮еһ˿ʼһеһоͶѾעˡ
𺳳ɵʱ򣬳ƷѾ˵ڶ˵ǰ˲Ǳˣ֮ǰͱƷش˵ͯΪҲֻİپʮ֮ڵ׵ĴڣֱƷشʱɫ԰ס
ش˶Ҫ޾Ѫͷ
Ʒɱңܣ
ͯŭϵ֮ױһĶһ
ȫµķһддתķɿ죬֮˲ͳųƷ˹ȥ
ƷҲû˿ĶݣͯһзӦǱһֻǼ򵥵һȭ
һȭ񷣬ֻǼ򵥵һȭȴ¼ĪƥеĿֲܡ
ͯдҲһ˲䱻Ƭ
ųƷȭȥƲһȭͺ䴩أһȭͯؿڹᴩ
ۣ
ͯһѪ嵹˳ȥƶߵķһݺ䵽˵ϡ
˴ʱŷ֣ؿѾһ󶴡
ͯ


2245 նɱ
赭д
Ʒɱͯʱ򣬸Ѷȣ
û۹֮ˣʱҲܹó˴֮Ĳ࣡
ƷЩ֮Ĳ࣬Ѿﵽ˾˵ĵز
ѵǹôΪʲô𶼲Ķ֣
˲ɵ˵
˵Ĺ֮УӦǿһ˲Ŷԣǿ֮ѷָ¡
ÿһ𣬶޵еĴڣԴһС
ȴû뵽ȻƷ׾ٵĴˡ
Ҳ֪Ϲ䣬֮ҲʵĲ࣬ǿߺͷǿ֮Ҳͬ
ƷĻʼĴʼˣʾǺųǿߣһ˴һȺѹ
˵Ʒͬʱֲͬķʡ
һΪ֮ǿ˸񣬱˵ǣͬʱڵĻʾ򲻹ڵĳƷ
Щ˴֮佻̫ˣҲⲢǲԼͳƷ֮ľ޴ࡣ
ƷһҪնɱſϰôĮųƷʩʩȻɽӶ˳ɽӶΪģһ޴Ľ罫̨Χ
ɵʱҲ˳Ʒ˼κһˡ
뵽ǲɵ־ŭʱǺεȵ緢˭ܹ뵽񣬾ȻƷ˾·
ƷôˣһͽĿԶûУȻһҪ¡
֮ǰҲҪնɱôڲǸһаˣƷ˵
֪֮ǰЩ뷨޷Щڵ콾֮󣬻Ǳ
ϾǲһֱЩ
ƷȻȻѾһˣǾ͸ûõĿԣ
ڵǱ
Ǿ͸ڳƷĿǷΧ֮ˣǶѾˣ˫Ѿ˺ˡ
һսˣ¾ͻʧȥҵǸʱ򣬿º߸ڵĴжᱻ޵Ԩ
Щŭӣŭ𱬷˼£
Ʒ浱κβôʱʣµǿһ˺еһᡣ
֮бŽҫ۵ĹâһֽС
һŹâ֮£ЩȻ۳һˡ
һԼĪһ࣬Ϊߴ׳һĴڡ
˸ոճ֣ѹѾסȫΪ赲ĹϵܣȻܹóһѹжôľˡ
ʲôֶΣΪʲôЩΪһˣ˲ɵþһ
ⷢһʵ̫ǵ֪Χ֮ˡ
ǳƷǿƳ֣Щ͸һȻЩ𱻱Ƶ˼£ѡںϵһ
ֶΣ
ƷȻóǰļΪ׳صĴ󺺣ЩΪһ֮Ļ
̺֮źüȫһϢȴһ֮ƽദ
ʹǵᱻȫͬķӰ죬ܹͳͳΪ
ںϵֶΣȻ˵ֻû뵽Ȼܹںϵһ
˵˵ȫȫļӵһɲһһڶһһȫȫڶ
ǰڵķ򣬾ѾԶԶٵ֮£Ȼ۳˾Űٶȫ¶ͷһּΪֲϢ
ƾϢܹѹ죡
ǴеĵƣֻԭҲֻһգûκһ뵽гһջõơ
˭룬ǱĳƷǵһͨٲóƣ¾·һ
ˣʦΣˣЩʵ̫ҪˣΪ򲻹ʦܣȻóֶΣʸƽ˵Ҳû뵽Щ˿νǵƱ˾·ȻֶΡ
ǰڵķ϶ԶԶٵļޣоһǰδеѹָоǰδеĿ־塣
û뵽ǾȻֶΣƷҲ̲סƳ˵
ƷҲû뵽ȻܹҵȱƵϣ㣬ܺãش󺺿ڣжص
ֻ֮бһɺ⡣
ΪͣǾ·
ⰺش󺺻˵֮ޱȵš
»Ƹߵ㣬ԳƷʱҲԸ߸ϣٽƷ
ܺãܹάֶأάֲ˶ðɣƷ˵
ɵ㣬ˣشư˵Ҳϡ
Ϊ֪ڳƷǰҲûá
ƷᱻСƭ


2246 ˭Ǹô
һַǳرͨЩΪһ壬Ϊá
ͬģͨҲкǿʱƣϾǿںϵһġ
ƷóԭͨӦǸͬһͨ׼ģڵʵļ֮УƷҲֹƵͨ
Ще书Ȼͬһͨ͹ԲǸᣬǿнΪһ塣
˵ǼΪ˲õֶΣ
ǿΪһʱͲ̫Ҳ̫ˣ
˿ֶΣɵþܹ̾ܵش󺺵ϱĿֲϢ
ֱ˾
ѰܱȵģǻʸɫҲһӱĲҰףʵش̫ˡ
ϵķڷӿ·ؼĽѤöĿʥޱߡ
ɵң˭ǵţǸôƷЦ
˶ʲôˣֻһͷˮⶼƷ֮е
Ѱ·ôʱǸش󺺣ĿųƷ˵
ǾҪܲˣ
ƷһЦ
ǸشɲǼ䣬ˣһɲǼ䣬Ѿ˳Ʒǰ
죡
죡
죡
쵽˼£˵۾͸ϣ֮˺ѳӰֻǰشվԭأһ˲Ѿ˳Ʒǰ
䣡
һ˲䣬ը˿
һֱӳԽܹصļһش󺺵һȫȫԽٵ൱۳˰˰ٵĿֲڡ
ţҲǻʸԲ𣬿δصסһȭ˫Ĳ̫ˡ
Ѿʱ䡣

ش󺺵һƷ׾ٵֵ̧
Ŀֲ⣬ضıˡ
ôܣǸشƺҲû뵽ƷȻô׵ĵԼĹ
ѵҲʵ
Ǹش󺺲òô룬ʵǴʱĳƷʵ̫ˡ
̶ֳֻôƷЦ絶·죬Ư֮ϣƾ֮ϵһ
ܣ
Ǹش֣һɿֲϢǵض󣬻һ޴ޱȵӰǵĻ޾ķ۶ɣв޾ķȫһֻ֣Ȼ͵һӳųƷץ
һ£ϵƣƷ׵׵ס޿ӣ޿ɱܡ
ƷǼ򵥣زʲôѧֳһץһ˵Ľ۶ɲǼ䣬ǧɵĿֲ⣬Ȼ͵һӳһֻնȥ
¡
һµײһֱֻƷնĽն飬Ĺ꣬ɢ˿
þ˵Ľ⣡
̨֮⣬Զ˸ײγɵĿ¿񳱣ĿɿڴĿǰһ
Ҵδ˵ƷǸͣȻڽ⻹˾˵⣡
ʲôֵģҪ֪ž൱ͽܣ͸¶һΪǴԳƷƷĻô̵ܹϵľأ
Ϸ˵
һҲǺҲͽˡ
֮УƷһ㣬ǰش󺺶˵ȻʲôȻѾ˰˰ٵ
֮ǰֻоŰپʮŵĳƷǻеһƴܹЩ鷳
Ͼ˰ٶ;ŰپʮŵûбϵĲֻͬϵĲѡ
Ȼ࣬Ǳȴͬһ֮ڡ
ȻͬƷ˵һǧ֮Ѿ̥ǣʱ䡣
Ͳһˡ
ֻץһŷĹ⽣ϵնȥ
أ
أ
أ
ÿһΣƺҪش󺺸ֱնɱ
شƺҲʶ˳ƷĿ£֮ǰǰ㣬ȫƷ
ȫķԼǰγɾ޴Ľ磬С
ȴûа취סƷĹ⽣ֻһݺݵش
ѪϵĺˣǱĽڽڰˣȫȫǳƷĶ֡
ķͨոʩչͱƷһնơ
ƴˣ
شŭΪʲôʱ򱻱ƵϹ
ҲֻŭһķΪݵ˼£ȻһŻ档
潫յĶ·һ˲ҪƷڻһ㡣
ǻɽһϵͨΪǾ춯ء
Ȼû뵽ǣƷȴȻſڣһھ͸ˡ


2247 
ǰش󺺶һסˣû뵽ƷһŻصĻĴȻô򵥴ֱֱӸˡ
ʱҲеɵۣ
ƷЦһսҷģ
Ʒץһ⽣ֱնȥ
ǰش󺺶ûзӦ㱻룬ؼʱ֮Уð磬⾪˵һ赲סˡ
֮ĽҲ赲סƷһɲǼ䣬ͱƷն롣
һȥƲųǰشնȥ
ֻô̵ʱ䣬Ѿ㹻ǸشӦˡ
ǧһ֮ʶ㿪һ
ۣ
ǰشһѪ˳ؿڶһ޴ѷ죬ǱƷĹ⽣նġ
Ҫ֮Ľ赲һ£͵ñն롣
е˼ֶκܶ࣬ҵǰûκ壬Ľֻ֣һ֣Ʒ߸ϣǸش󺺡
ǰشŭɶ֪ƷӵѹԵʵȴûż֣ǽˣ档
Ȼȴûκΰ취
ֻ
زﻹܹܹڵĻҵʵϣܹסԼѾˡ
Ļڲ֮з·ڿһ
ǴδֲĹЩ֮жôĿֲԼˣԭǣ˵Ǽ֮ھͻ
ʱ䣡
ǵƷߣһˡ
־ȻƷѹŵˣҲ벻ȻôֲĴڡ
˶ٵ򣿰˰ٵŰٵ
ش󺺵Դﲻɵ⡣
˵ҲЦǵĹȻ͸ƷΪ
ֻô򵥵鶼Ǿþ޷⡣
Ʒֳ֣޼ɵƫƫ޷赲̬̫ˣ˴̣˼ɵĶ콾ʱ򣬱㡣
ˣǵǱֻĳ̶ȣǾɣ
Ʒƺϵ
˶֮УΪƷ˵ʵ֪Ѿ۳ٵ򣬲Żôǿᡣ
ȴ֪ƷܹڵĴݺӺݣǻ˶ٵʱ;Ŭ
ˢ
ɲǼ䣬Ʒǰһ˺ҹĻҫ۵۾һٶ̫죬ɲǼѾնǸش󺺡
ǸشеĻͽ綼˵Ĳһһ˲ͱ顣
ԼҲȻڵը˿
һĵӰǻ裬˫кս
ӰǸش󺺵Ӱ֮е׷ѪɫһƬҰס
ȻƷһشˡ
ܣ
ʱѾûкͳƷ뷨ˣֶζѾʹˣǻû취ǰ
ֻܰһս֮Ҳ
˷׷׻ݹ⣬ҪƷµĽ磬׷һߺԼǿĹҪһȱڡ
Ȼ˭뵽ޱȣܹǴ㹻ȱ
Ʒȴʱ׷ֱһԾ𣬸߸ϣȻ͵һӣһż̤ȥ
Ȫ̤
һŴĻȪˮֱӸʴûһУһŷ·ܹһݺݵ䵽˻ϡ
ۣ
һѪ˳˶ʱڰ֮ըѣֻһΣͲٷѳʲôˣƷһŲȵ顣
ȻƷֱߣ
˿һĻɵ÷׷׸оϧֻóƷһ㶼ϧϡٵŮ𶼲ŹǱ
ڳ֪жٻİĽߣʱȴֻĿ̨֮ϡ
ڳƷ
ȻҲû˸ҪΪ豨ǺʣѰ·ء
ƷȻûôģ˵ۻǳûκ壬ΪֻѺ͵֡
նɱ˻֮󣬳Ʒֱӳźս׷˹ȥںսѾ׼һںȻ̨ˡ
ͼƷΪԼʱ䡣
ڷɱƷǸ붼飬ΪǸ
ܹסƷƷȵѪһ壬ǵضĺͻΪС
ţƷ׾ٵľͽսԴժˡ
Ѷȡ
λȻˣǾͱ˰ɣƷ˫𣬲ɵЦһ
еĹ⽣ֱնȥ˫ǰ磬ûκôһ롣
Ҳͬһ֮һһնɱ


2248 
һ𱻳ƷնɱһڻҵսҲĻ
ԷڴȫʤգĹŴ콾ȫ
һ˲䣬еķڵӲԼͬķ׷׻
һֱҵпܱᣬǲܵڶ˵жôҪ
ǺͷѾһپ٣һĹϵ
ڻҵᣬȫĵδ³жôˡ
ƷʩʩȻЩʬЩսƷ
ЩʬףƷܹٶȽӣһͻƵߵľ硣
ڴʱһֲֻĴֱִųƷ
һɲǼ䣬ͬһɽҪƷѹˡ
䣡
˶û󵽣ƷͱһС
⣡
Ʒ˺üǿסΣֻȫѪڷķӿ㱻һƴѪˡ
Ŀ絶˲俴Զ֮Уһµӣ֮У֣·ϡ
ӰȻֻڰ֮⣬ʵȫؿռ֮⣬ǰֻǼѡ
ȻҲʱԱʵ
Уһ˫ĶųƷ
һǧȻ۳һǧǰϲԩ
֮У˼ΪĮ֮Уƺżֿϧ
ûһƷɱ֪ҲûĻˡ
Ȼͬʱ֮дŭſֲϢֱʡ
ôĵӣȻƻأ㲻µʲôһ
д˷˾ͽŭһִֻ֮ץ˳ȥȻֱӽ˺ѿȻץڲռ֮ˡ
ֲľ󣬿Ŀɿڴڿ񻰴˵һ
˾ͽһȻ֮ܡ
һƺҲ׼ֱóһӣξʧ˵֮У˾ͽ⺬ŭһûܹ
ǵʲôˣ˲ɵÿ˵
һܹ˺ѿռ䣬һܹռ֮УѾؾˣ
˵
ǵȻؾ¾򾳰
˿˵
ԣɵ÷׷׺Ȼ򾳣ؾ֮ϵľ硣
ν¾
򾳸ǿģǾǷǿߣǷǿ¶ָģȻ¼ӵķʡ
ǷҲֻӵзĿԣһܹе硣
磬ʣԴţȱһɡ
ÿһǿ߳ʱ򣬶ѹһʱ˵ͳʱ
ڷǿ֮ϵľԴϹʱ֮󣬾Ҳû˴ﵽķʾ硣
Ѿ񻰴˵
ǿ߲Ʒǿô٣ǺʣҲǷǳϡٵģڷǿߣҲָ֮ˡ
˵ǿ
ڷǿ֮µģ򾳵ǿߣеزѾǵǿߣΪǿ߼ʮŵŴԼҲ֮еľ֡
ֻе磬Լķһе磬Ϲ䣬ҲԷΪһǿߣڷĴڡ
Ǿ͸ǽ޵С
еʱ˲ŵ֮У򾳵ķǿߣǾѾ¾
磬Ϳ˵Զҡ£·ƵĴ
Ѿͷȫͬˡ
ھȻͳôһΪ򾳵ǿߣ𺳣ΪݿԱֵĺᣬһϢȴܹ˿óȷʵһǳǿߡ
ѵһŴ𲻳ɣ˿˵˵ЩŴ̫󣬳Ĵ̫࣬ȻԷ⣬ǻǱڳЩҪϺܶ࣬Ѿû˲һδսʸ񣬵ǵʵֻ±ڵЩҪǿĶ࣡
뵽һ˵Ŀԣһ룬пܡ
ôѾ򾳵ǿߣЩŴ콾˭أǹŴ콾֮еп˵ĵز
Ҳ̫ˣЩԶٱѾܹˣǰ͵ϮֱҪ˲мһ˵˵
ʲôñɵģδ»ȨĹؼһսΪǹƽһսôֻǶ˳Ʒ϶ѣҲвͬĿЩŴôʲôԵġ
ΣһսóƷˣ
ֹ£ֱ˸Ƕûô˿˵ƷȻǧ򣡡


2249 һ֮Ҽס
˲ŶȻղ˵Ļֱþ㤣ƷȻǧ
ֱȫˣ
Ҫ֪Ѱ콾ܹ۳ϰٵѾԲˣؾԲˡ
ܹٵģҲԲˡ
Ʒͻ¼ȻһͻƵǧǲǹʲôѰԲҪһ
ѹЩֱ˴Сһ֮ǰƷЩ֮ǰò˼顣
ڵ֪˳ƷȻ۳ǧ򣬶ʱҲ;Ȼˡ
۳ǧˣ˸񣬿νǰ޹˺ߣܹ˾˵ı֣ǵȻҲȻˡ
Ͼ˶ʱ䣬۳ǧ˲ֻ۳ٵǿһô򵥣ǿʮǼʮпܡ
ѵǹô˵򾳵ĸ֣ҲǸո۳һǧѣ
ʲôĺȻ˵
Ҳ׷𾪣򾳵ǿȻӹɣ˵¼䣬ûбǸǿĴˡ
޷ĴڣħҲûʲô
ǳƷķȻЩ򾳵ĸһࡣ
˼𺳣ûס
һǧ򣿡ʸˣԼûס
ԭֻΪƷ߰˰ٵѣѾܾˣϵʮ˸ĴڣѶȡ
û뵽Ȼһǧ
Ȼ¼ļҪӾŰپʮŵеһǧеѶȻӹɡ
ô󲿷˾Ҳ
Ҫ۳һ򣬾͸оѾԽļޡ
Ҳм𾪣Ҫ֪ƷʲôʣôС
ֻнûʲôֵģΪѾ𾪹ˣһʼ֪ƷͻһʱͲû
ϰˣ
˵ֻĸǴˣĻѾʮ֮һĽѰ治Ķ֡
ܹоԼڵѪȫĻܹͻƵٵ߰ٵȫԽѰļޡ
ҲϾ̫µʮףʼĴڶҪڽǰͷ

˾ͽӰ˲Ѿ˳Ʒߣȷ˳Ʒû֮΢΢һ
ʱԳƷ̬Ѿȫת䣬ԭֻǽͻʸƲУȫˣʵǱԶڻʸ֮ϡ
˵ʸȫౣ֤ڲû䣬;˥ܵĻôƷп
пܳΪ޵ֵĿֲ
Ʒû°ɣ
˾ͽڵ
û£
Ʒҡҡͷ
ƽһ²ϷӿѪ
ղһ̫ˣôͻڴɽӶĽʱһЩֻһƾҪѪ
ɫأ˵ֱǵһ⣬ڳ˿ܹ赲ס򾳵ĸֵͻϮûˣǾס
ǳƷԼȴûҫǳ衣
򾳼ĸΣ
򾳵ĸֿ˵ޱȵĽӽķ֮࣬򾳼ĸ֣򾳵ĸҲһѡ
򾳵ĸֹ˼壬ܹ۳Լǿߣ֮ڣȫȫƿصһСء
Ҫ͵Ҫ͵
ͺԼؼһһƬС֮ڣǾүһƬС֮еķ򣬹һеһУԼġ
ǿҲ򲻹ǷϵĲ࣬ϵĲࡣ
򾳵ǿ߶ʱ򣬾Ѿڲ֮أҲ򲻹Щ򾳵ǿߡ
һͷֳһͷֳ˸£һ֮
ΨеزųƵ¼䶥ǿߣÿһ򾳵ǿߣµĴڡ
ôؾĸ֮Уܹе򾳵ģ˵ǰһ
һУҲδһܹͻƾ̣뵽򾳵ģͨ콾ܹͻƽ򾳵ģǧһ
콾ǵͨˣҪܹͻƵ򾳵ģ϶ײˣо˵пܡ
ղǸֵӣȻͨ򾳣Ӧ򾳵𣬷ԳƷʵͨ򾳣ԱԺͨһս¡
һ֮Ҽסˣ


2250 һ죬ǳɨɾ
ƷҲΪԷĹо΢΢ԾʵϣղŶԷֻҪ΢ԥһ£ٶԳƷһε뷨ôһξߣ뿪
һɣߣȻĻض˾ͽС
ʵϣ˾ͽѾ˺ܾãЩŴϱţѾŭա
Ǳ֮ǰԼԼţͳˡ
Ҫ۶ڵĻҵҲҪû¡
˾ͽסˣΪ֪ʱ֮Уֻ²ֹһϹڿӡ
ƻĻôЩϹжֵĽˣȻ٣ЩϹﱳĴкɣÿһʷºպ
˶ѹ׵ֶΣû֪
ֻԷۣܹõǵʲôֶΡ
ΪԷ츲صĵƺֶΣֻǲʱ򣬲ðˡ
һóȻͿ̿
ԼˣЩŴûֶΣҵڳֵĻֻº롣
ΪһսˣΪ˱ЩŴͬ⣬ȶֵ׸˶Ŭ
˾ͽҪ֣ȴҲһֱûг֣һֱ͡
һսҷӮˣôͱֱĺˣ˾ͽĿɨ֮УܹѰ˸һӰһµϹ
ÿһϵϢΪ£вٶɱס˳Ʒ
ŲգܹоЩɢĿֲϢ
˾ͽɫĵ˳Ʒ֮ǰЩϹﵨҳֵĻֱӵսЩڻҵϹһ򾡡
ڷڵפأȻḶСĴۣһеĶֵõġ
ߣ
һߴһϹʧ֮С
ԽԽϹϢʧ
Ʒ΢΢һЩϹϢϣ˼ѹ
Ȼͨ򾳵ĸҲ𣬲ЩȻҲͨ򾳵ĸ֣ЩϹʱֻҲǷʣеǸ꣬һɲ⡣
֮ǰǸֵҪ౶
ֶۻĵ̣ĿǰĳƷܹᲢ۵ġ
һЩˣСһ죬ǳɨɾƷĿ
˵ЩӹŴԷ⵽ʱ֮ӺЩĻϹǵĶԴ
ȻЩ˿ܹһʱԻͣ⼫Ի͵ıͿ̿Щǰͨ˵Ҳһѡ
ܹоһЩϹͶϵĿ֮гſ̹ǵɱ⣬Ȼ޼
ֻǰڹֶܳѣǸ˾ͽҲǡ
˫мɵȫ֡
Ҳ֪ʱģЩ˲ưոݣЩͨ콾Ƕ콾ҲˣЩŴˣ»˽ǣʹ顣
ԭϣƷɱҲưոݡ
֮ʣΨһİ취ǽΪһƵ򾳣򾳵ΪܹЩϹᲢۣ
Ʒ֮˸ź˵ľâ
Ǹʱ˭ɱ˭˵أ
¾ٷˣҲû뵽ƷʱıŽЩϹһ򾡡
ֱǵ죡
ЩϹһ֮еٮٮߣЩ֮Ŀǰܹȵϵġ
ҪԽǣҪϲ̵ʱ䡣
ڳƷͳıҪЩϹһ򾡣ʵ̫ˡ

˾ͽתƷ˵
Ʒ˵ͷ漴˾ͽʧ˷
֮һͬʧĻлʸƣţнȻҲܵ˾ͽ롣
Ƕ˵ǴʱӦ˹һξ˷ڻҵĴսӦþͿĻˡ
Щǿһܹߣʣ˷µʿҲЩҪˮĸ֡
ŴǰĸֿɲֻЩѣֻһĹŴǵĴҲͨ콾ҲǶ콾Ĵսûвֵ
ˮ㣬ͼܹһЩô˭ܹõƷʵȻôǿᣬһǿУûиǻˮĻᡣ
һսƷֻ֮Ҫˣ
˵ʮ֮׵ôҩȣڣ΢ǿһЩôôôֲĴڣ˲˵
֮ǰõϢ֮Уڵʵף˶ǳŷڶġ


2251 ֮еĹ̥
Ҳ벻ף˵ǵõ鱨ʮ֮УӦԱȽϺôġ
ȻҲôĶ콾ǰⱳ൱ʮǿš
ЩڶʢʱڣԺķᲢۣǿʢ
˵δֻ֣ڹۿСģĹŴһɷǳӴ
ڸղŵս֮У˿Ҫļ¶ĻǾͻͬŵѪζһ㣬׷׳֣Ȼ󽫷ڹϷ֡
ڳƷԾ˵ʵһǿУžֿԡ
ôǿô⻹Ǵ˵׵ķڣ˵һڣڶĺȻԺָǺεȵǿ󣿡˶Ŀɿڴ뵽ࡣ
ֻһھôǿᣬ˵ʮҪϾЩŴ˵ϣŬˡ
ԣˣ⣬ĲǷڣǸƷǸ򼴱е𶼼ҲֻĸѣճֻǳˣµǸһǧĳƷϷ˵
ǿڲûôǿ󣬺͵Ĳ࣬ȻԤϵһʸҪǿһЩ˳ţ
ƷתȴǱˣǳƷ
ûгƷһֻҲڽӡ
һ˿˰˵ľɣ˸п˵
궼óһ֮УĴڣӦҲǹ̥֮еĹ̥ɣ˸п˵
ѾõϢڵսѾֳʤսܣѾʰ˳פˣʤˣ
һͻȻ˵
ʱеĹŴĸֶһͬŵѪζһʼ
ѾʤԼǲܶԷ֣Ҳûκ壬˶һ˲ڵսʢ硣
ʲôˣЩŴĸַ׷ȥ֮󣬵ĸַ׷Ϣ
ЩŴĸָνʮϾǲʱǵĸͬԴӳһ̿ʼʮѾ߸ϣ
˵¼ΪǿΪµʮ
ÿһ㶯ָĻʳضɽҡ
֮ǰǿ׾ٵĻʤΪЩŴҲˣȻҲǺǿŴ𣬵ʵϣӦòʮĶ֡
Ȼ˭֪ڲֻǸѣʮ֮еڷڣʵñȷҪ١
ھȻѾսܣŶҪפأеĲҵԴҲͳͳҪ
˶ȫõһûЩҵԴ㱣ĵͳ˵Ҳһش
ܻܿһ겻
ϾôڵĵжҪָԴûôҵԴĹڵӵֻҪԶԶʮš
Ļֻڵûֻǰˣ
˶޷һȻһСŹȻȻô׾ٵսˡ
ڵĵҲϢһʱҲûʲôף˼ͬΪʮĵӣƽʱں֮ȻҲٲ˾
ȻʱȻһЩĸоֻޱȵңûлʸƣţƷˣֻǵ³δػҪõĶȥ
ǳƷŤת˾ƣֻ·ڵ³Ҳһģһˡ
뵽ֻòֻ뵽ĺǼҪ
ʱƣԽԽѾõ׼ȷϢܵĸϸҲ֮
ԭڵս֮ϣҲɨһǿУڲʵͷ޼Ҳֻһ
ȻĶ֣Ǳ׾ٵĻܣҪս֮ϣڵ֣ȳͬҲţ䡣
ˣսܣԭĻҵˣһʱ䣬ӺȻ
ڵӴʱʶһսܣǻǺεȿֲ飬ʱǶһƷ
ҿǷгʦ֣ʸʦֵ򣬷Ļ룡
ֹǳʦֺͻʸʦ֣ʦҲһɳˣǶûλɱǸʥôʦԽսԽǿӲɱʥնͷ­


2252 ǰ
˸ղŶƷһսע⣬ҲЩע⵽˽ʥ֮Ž֮ս
ƷѹƵֻȳǿһЩ֮󣬽ʥԳȻûʱơ
һʵӲһ룡
ͬʵڲϵĽڲϵıǿС
գʥûնɱţŷɱ
ںܶ˿ʥͳŵһս֮ս
Ľʹ˾ʾ׵ս־˵Ľкͽǿô۽硣
˲ǷʣʷǷž˵ĴУǵĴڡ
˵Ľ棬ʾ׵ս
֮ȵǣƷһ·޵еսȻ죬ʹȴʡ
˶ʲôεı仯Զ뽣ʥһս˾ˡ
˻ʸʦ֣ʦ֣гţԼһֻǷֻԽԽǿ󣬾⶯ҵĴ֮УҲԱɣ
뵽˱ܵڣɵޱȵң֮УԱѾǳˡ
ͬʱսĽԾ˵ٶȳ¼䴫˳ȥ
һؾڣɽˮ㣬һƬ͵Ķ츣صģ
˾ͽһ֣һͥԺ֮С
ɣƽʱչصĵط˾ͽ˵
л
Ҳ˽һֻȭͷССͣڳƷļ֮⣬˶˸λ
˾ͽò⿴һһֻ֮ǰûע⣬ֻΪͨݣ˭֪һ֣ȻԿ
ѾǷǳ˵顣
νѣһ˴ԼҲˣǽ񣬱ƷҲܴ𺳡
оûʲôϣ˭֪ȻͻȻɱĳƷȻЩ˴仨ˮȻıס˷ڵĻҵ
ǰˣ˾ͽҲòпʲôгǰˣһһǿ
˴žǷδ֮ԱϣˣʱѾû÷ͷƽ֮У֪ð콾ŵԭϹ
Ҳжһʷʱ򣬻һƽǶ֮е˵һ׵׵
ΪʢˣΪλȨصˣҲпһ뱻ɱ
дڣ룬ڿԱסĻҵĻƽ֮УҲ͹ˣԷڵĵֻҪʱڣһԳư£ϺŵĶС
飬Ҵ£лλŬ
˾ͽ˵ԴˣҲһ߸ϵЩƽȶԴ
Ϊֻ֪Ҫزۣδ磬ֻʱ⡣
δԽҲǷǳпܵġ
֮˸߸ϵĵˣȻûбҪġ
ˣⲻӦѣʸƿ˵
ʸʦ˵ǣҵȱϾǷڵĵӣһپһ𣡡Ʒ˵ͷٴεΣգûзڵıӻֻЩϹ̲סˡ
Ҳûд֮ĸࡣ
˾ͽ֮սʮգԭҲûмʤ㣬֪ʮ֮УǷڼĴڣڣҩȣҪ΢һЩѣЩŴͻƿѡǼ֮ϣ
˵˾ͽɵҧгݣЩŴҲѡԽǿĴУǰȥսҲԽ٣ԽСĴУǰսҲԽࡣ
ʮ֮һķȻӣгƷͻ𣬽յķڿ¾鷳ˡ
Ѿŵսֳʤˣ֮⣬ںͺȻԺѾʤȻԺսֻ֮ڸֻǰսȺ󶼱ˣǾȻţ˾ͽ˵ֻǰǵʱֻû뵽ǻ
֮⣬ѾһܣǱսһڵĹŴ콾ıЩȫû˾ͽһмңûгƷڵ³ֻҲòĶȥ
Ʒ⣬ЩŴҲǿ²ˣǽթĺܡ
Ʋ⣬֮⣬ҩȺڵİҲֻʱ⣡
˾ͽ
ʤδӦò˶ãͶˣǷ˵һսʤǸոտʼѣֻӶӣҪǼҪﵽ򾳣ЩϹƽƽ


2253 
ţƷʸƵ˵˵ͷ
Ϊ͵λȻ¼䳣˲׵ĵܡ
ؾѾǼΪΪ콾ҲǶܹؾе콾ؾʱѾܴ
зʣȷؾһͽ¼ٷ֮ʮŵ赲һ֮ˡ
˵˵ǿɼĴڡ
ˣȻ¼ֻгΪ򾳼ĸ֣пܳΪ¼𼶱
ڳԽ֮ϵķĸ֣ǳƷҲֻţҲ
ҲֻЩ˲²⣬ǳܾΪǲûܹ֤
Ϊûǳ֣ǳƷҲûм
򾳻ѾΪǿĴڣ˾ͽҲ֮еľֶѡ
ڸڻս֮УȻѾ̨ʤǾûʲôµˣƴ̵ʱǲ֮أ˾ͽֻ˵֮˸ź˵Ĺâ
һαȴӦʤѾǷǳƣڵ³ѾѸ˷ԭпܵ³
гƷճֻ˭ù
жٰܹͻƵ򾳣˾ͽ˵
ʸҲЩĬˡ
ܹ֮Ϊ¾ĸ֣˵żѾס˾ųɵؾĸ֡
˵ؾʼ߾Ѿӽ֮תΪһСأС档
֮еıأҲͱ֮Ϊؾ
򾳾͸ǲˣҪΧܳһԵ֮УǾ޵еĴڣΪ֮УʲôĹ򣬻Ƿ򣬶Լġ
Ĺ֮УǾ޵еĴڡ
֮пԹָܳȫͬĹǹܵķˮݣˮߴҲȫԵġ
һƬС֮УǾһĴڣ޵еĴڡ
ҲΪˣҪܳһСǷǳѵģͨ˸ûа취ܹ
Ҫڷŷǳ̵֪ȻһһĹܳԼ
ԽƣôҲԽܹӳҲԽǾˡ
м䣬Ҫѵʱ䣬һǳһ̡
ؾĸ֣Ϊڷ֪ҲǳޣԸûа취򾳡
һ˵ؾ֮ķԽ࣬ôҲԽǾˡ
ǳƷ㣬ؾʱ򣬾Ѿ۳ǧˣһܳԼôҲһΪ˵ĵز
ʵϣؾҲûνԲ߲Բһ˵۳һҲؾ۳һǧҲؾ
ֻ۳ķ̫٣Ҳζ߶ڷ̫ǳܹ߱ܳһʸ
ΪһСأһªСأȻ©ٳиָ©ܶǷǳ˵ֻĳһЩ
ϾҲԳһСأΪĵСء
ڷ򲻹̣ȻܹܳԼ
ʸƶ˶٣Ȼ˵൱İգԿ򾳣Ҫʱ䣬Ҫ൱һʱſԣ
ʸƵĻҲ˳ŵĹ˵ҲͬˣؾûеԲҪеٵ֮󣬲ܹͼٵȻ۳Լ
Ǹʱݺ޵еĴڣԽƣ̺ĹԽ࣬ôҲԽ
ƷȴǲÿɷȷʵܳԼ򣬶ڼ˵Ҳûô򵥡
ȱοÿһҪԼȥ飬˵ʯͷӵУȻûô򵥡
ȴͬеļ䣬ͬԼӹһһȻȫͬ
˵ʲô£ֻҪͰĽоͿˡ
Ȼ֮·Ӻܾǰȫ͵ʲͬҲͬд˻ʼսĻʾһȫµ·ҪҲǰδеģǰ޹˺ߵķ
ǱϾѾǰֻҪģ¼ɳɹ
ˣƷϻǲɫûбֳΪʵļһܣܸκˡ
ͰĹǶ̫ˣ˾ͽҡҡͷһ취ڶʱڹܳԼ򣡡


2254 Ϲս
˾ͽĻʱ˳Ʒ˵ע⣬ǳƷڹԼоԵģ˾ͽĻȻȤ
˵ʸƵ˴ʱ¶˼ֺ顣
Ǿñ˵ܣ˾ͽҲûӣֱ˵
ʸƵ˶¶˼ֲ˼飬Ʒʵÿ˵򲻶ǸеôһʿɢҪôã
ƷҲΪ˾ͽ˵Ļò˼飬ȻʿΪĹܳһСأǱ˵ȴʵĴڡ
ʿΪΪģһʿ䣬Ҳɢˡ
ϾһأַҲƣ޷ݻΪһռء
ȷʵһطȴͬ˾ͽ˵֮䣬һϹµս
һϹսϹǿΪ˴սһսΪҵķĹϵвٲȱܹõһôʣܹڷǳ̵ʱ֮ڽ򹹼ܳ
˾ͽĻʱü˵ĴΪû뵽Ȼĵط
Ҳˣһǿ־֣ʵ壬лķȴʵڵģĳ֮£δûп
ؼİ̫ˣ˵򾳵ĸ֣ǷʵǿߣҲ˵ԼؼһаѾ졣
ڷǿ֮ϵпһС
һеĲֻΪ˽ڵԭˡ
ѵǷǿսսĻȥֱ·һƷ˵
ǿ߽жôĿ£ˣǹ˺ܶ꣬ǿߴսսȻֲ
ּĸֶ֣ܹŤı䷨򼶱ײġ
Щڵ˵Ѿǳǿ󣬲ǿķǿ˵ھϵ͵ϵ֮Ĳˡ
Ȼô˵еԼ磬ǴӳƷԺ֮еʵļܹóԲԼ硣
ֻѰˡ
ǵȻǣǿߵսǰʱУ
˾ͽҡҡͷ
˵һ򾳸ִսս˷ֹǿ߳ĺۼ
ǿߣ
ĸ֣˾һ񣬶˵ǿߺ̫ңԶˣǷǿ߾Ͳͬˡ
ǶзʵĻδΪǿֻʱ⡣
£ǿĸ֣˵
ӦֻãܹһǿµôǵΪڶʱͻͽһƽƽҲпܵģ˾ͽЦЦĿǰˡ
ȷʵ˾ͽĳǳƷаٷ֮ٵİգҲܾܹǿߵ򣬻Ϊá
Լĳɳ
ϾѰķͰеĻƷڵʵڵİٷ֮һ
˵򣬻᲻ʲôʸͻȻ뵽ʲôȻʼ˵
츳˵ǳΪǿҲֻʱ⣬˵򾳡
˵ܹܲﵽ⣬ֻʲôʱﵽѡ
£ַĻ˵ʵ̫ˡ
ȻͻƣȴûżĵزҪδڵͻơ
ģҲֻǷѣǲֻǹ߰ˣȻǱ˵ĵѾˣ֮˵ⲻֻһͻƵĹ߰ˣ赣ģ˾ͽ˵ǶҷڵδҲϺǣңһιսţҷ֣ǳ֣͢
͢ʸƵɴ۾û뵽ȻǣǿĴĻʳĳ͢
ȻӦò˾ͽͻȻʱ⣬ǺǰѾľ顣
ٶȣƴۣЩ
Ŀ꣬ѵЩŴô
ƷҲɵðͷ˵ĻֻδĻʳЩŴ֮ײ»κˡ
ڲǰѣ
ʱ̫ξԳְǴͨһսĿռͨ˾ͽ˵ͷ˵
ƷȻ뵽ʲô˵ѵһսݣ
˾ͽ¶ּ͵飬һսǿ֮УݣҪɹȥǲܵ飡


2255 Ҳ鱦
Ʒ˷׷Ȼԭǿ֮УѹҪܹͨﵽˣΪ˶֪ǿյжôΣա
ǿ֮ľУħ塣
Ϊ޾ǿ֮УʵһΪΣյĵطֲֿľأиʽǿޣеգԱһǳһӴ
޾֮УʿĽأֻмľǿ߲ſԺգеΣտ
˵ңɽˣν޾ǿ֮ѰҸָĵر
Ϊǿ֮г޾Σգ޾Ļ֮ѵһĸĵرǿ֮УǷǳġ
սϹŵʿΪ˷ֹݴıԲŽսתƵǿ֮Уγһս
˾ͽ˵
˻ȻЩŴʿôһǣûݴ֣ĻǵʵԺɵĽݴɽӱ顣
ǳ֯͢ģǵʱҲҪǰʶͨʶĴǲܹǰһս˾ͽ˵֮⣬Ҳ⽫Ҳ鱦ǿţʱһ£һµʱǿԾڻҵĲ鱦֮в鿴ԼҪĸõϣǧѷĻᣬǽʱգǸܽҵĲ鱦֮п飡
˵˾ͽϾȻҲмĽ飬Ϊʵ̫ѵˣΪݵλΪ˽ܳĹףǱ׼пĴҲָ֮
ÿζشͣŻĻᡣ
ƷͻʸƵ˾Ȼлܹ뿴飬һǧѷĺûᡣ
ʸͬޱȵ𾪣ΪҲ֪ܹ뵽ҵĲ鱦֮пǺεȾ˵Ĵ
ƷΪȻӣ˾ͽɵĿ˵ǶС˻ʼҵĲ鱦⣬еʿϣгһܹĵط
̫浱΢ĩ֮Ǻɨ£֪ƽ˶ٵղŴ˴ĵ£֮нɻĸֵ伮ʤкܶ๦ֱ磬˵ֱָʾĹǴڵģ˾ͽ˵ڼôβѼĵ伮͹˵¼õĲ鱦ڻʼҲ鱦֮УҷڵĲ鱦⻹Ҳ鱦ʮ֮һ࣬ûñȣ
ôࣿ
Ųİզࡣ
ǳƷʮֵƽΪ֮мʶԶЩ
ôҲ֮и߲еĸ߲㣬ͳƽƽĴڣִƹȨ
һԾٹ֮ȥѼЩָĵ伮ǺεȾ˵ز
ͼ֮صĵ伮Ʒʵȼ֮⣬ֻ֣»ҪڴĻʳҵĲ鱦֮ϡ
кܶ඼ǸŸɣҷǰͻƵ򾳵ĵǵӦкܴĺô˾ͽ˵˶˵µһȻǲ֪ҪµһǴĻң
˾ͽҲɵøп˵ӵܴСͿԻýҲ鱦ʸ񣬿˵ʶԶܹᲢ۵ģ
ѹֻ֮д֣һͳǰ㣡ʸҲɵͳ棬ȻѾĴͻҵĸִվһЩ
ֻһµʱ䣬һºǸϹսͨ򿪣Ϲս֮һҪСģǳţڼ֮УʵһҪǧСģ³ç˾ͽųſ˵
ǣлģŵ
˾ͽһȥҲֻҷڣţЩŴҲд˳û֪˶Ƿڲ˳ۣҪ໥֣һ˶٣
ǣ

Ʒм⣬˵ЩŴеļ̳ҲֵĻǾƷ˳ƷԤһο²ΪЩŴеļ̳ˣ벻Ҫǡ
Ӧûбԭֻǲ֪ѡ
ˣǶȥɣ΢׼һ£ǰʶ˾ͽ˰֣˵
л
˷׷׹֣Ȼ̤Ŷݹ뿪
˾ͽż뿪ıӰɵֻǲ֪м˻ܹɳޣϣҪǵϣ
˾ͽĿ俴εɫգ·ܹ˫һУһ˵սľĻ档
δȫǵˣ


2256 ඥ
Ʒһ뿪֮󣬺ܿ͸Էֿʸ뿪ȥ׼ǰʶ֮£Ҳһ̫ϳϴˣֻгƷһһ񷵻˾Ʒ塣
ʱƷٲȻѾΪڹעĽ㡣
һս̫̫ĶԭΪ˫۲ĸ֡
ʸƺͳƷ˵ĸ֮УʸӦûһ̵ĳƷҪǿһЩ
Ȼ˭֪мһ־֪ûУƷһ֣㳹׵׵ڻʸ֮ϡ
ֹڳƷĴ˵Ž˳ѾƷʷǿŵӵͷ
˶ټƷһ棬Դӽ˾Ʒ֮󣬳Ʒлһеķÿ͡
Ƿǰȫģ¼仹ڶʮʼһֱµһţжŶЩŴеĿꡣ
ڸͼžͲǵĿ귶Χ֮ڣΪͼռݵԴɽǴε֮еĴεȣȻᱻЩԻ͹һʱĴп
ʱϢϴӸشʤ𽥷ֳ˷ڣڣȻԺ̵½ʤ֮⣬ڣڣҩȺ֡
ڸп֮࣬Ҳ֣Ͼܹʮԭ򣬶Ҳս
Ҳֻһ⵽˹ŴһΧ£زס
ԭ˿ӦҲڳ֮еķھȻͻ֮ƻʤ
ȫνʶ֮ʿϡ
ڣڣҩų֮λʮ֮һ˿ʵȷڸǿһЩŮҲˡ
һսŮڳȫʷϺպѹһʱ
ѡԷ⵽ʱȻŮʧܣΪΧǹŴе
Ůڻвٶ콾ͬʱսǰûκ塣
ڹŴеΧ֮£Ůںܿ컹һս
Ů֮ʮ֮еں̫齣Ҳ̷ֳʤ˶֡
գʮ֮оȻĸ̨ս֮ܣòóԼɽź͸Դ
һʱ䣬¼仩ȻǷͻһΣĸҪһʧ롣
ʮ֮µһҲһսܣ뿪Լԭɽš
ЩŴȻûѡֿԳ֣ǼԸ֮УǼ֣ӲĴӵ֮һ⡣
һʱ䣬͹Ŵ֮ײϣΪΪȵĻ⡣
¼䶼ٸϴף˶ףδ൱һʱ䣬¼󲿷ֵᱻС
һЩûʲôϵʵԴͷ֮ϣҲ׷ݵʮţʮŵĸ߸ĸ
˴֮䶼ǧ˿Ƶϵ
գƷٶͷʱȵķֻ֣һϵʱ䣬žȻΪٶȽˡ
һĴ󣬾ȻֱӴԭٶﵽٵԲľ硣
Ϊô£ƷЩֵʵ
Ʒͣԭ֮ԻǺ챻һ̫ϳϴйϵ
һҹ֮䣬һ̫ϳǰѧĹඥ
һҹ֮ͬһΪͻͽǰշˡ
ƷŻȻԭôһ£һ̫ϳǰţǲڰں
ΪÿгĹȫͬģǿй䵽һ˵ϣֻн˻һֿԡ
֮ж˺ܶ಻ԼĹǿˣʵΣС
һҹ֮õȻǿ󣬵δȴϾ˸һĿܣ⹦Ӧе֮һս
Ϊǿĸǿľֻһ˵ĹǶڴͶڷ˽⣬ֻЩǼԦϹķ
ֻǽһͼȥǾһˡ
ͬƷõ˵ʵļһڳ˵һѵõĻ
ֻǲƷõĵʵļˡ
Ͼ¼ܹ뵤ʱȼҲûж١
һλ̫ϳϵļ;֮Ҳһҹ֮۳ٵ򣡡Ц˵ȴżء
Ϊһλ̫ϳһηⷢȣЩͼ䣬һλ̫ϳϾͻ
ûбĿԣ


2257 ˵Ĵֱ
ַʽĹඥ֮ǰҪʹ࣬ϾǽļԼ֮аȥ˵ԴͿһ
ԼַʽĹඥɹļҲߡ
һλ̫ϳǹעһҴ²Ʒ
ƷʱҲȻ𾴣Ȼʶһλ̫ϳϣҲΪʲôһλ̫ϳϻô
Ҫ𣬲罫ľ鴫뵱һһޡ
ҲҪעˣȻ㴫һλǰ²Ҳֻľͼ䣬Ҫ߳Լ·ĻһҲֹˣƷųŸ˵
Ȼھųɾŵ˵ﵽ򾳣Ѿǲ顣
ǳƷԳżǽ崫ڸǲϵĹ
ڳƷŵǱǰ;ԶԶֻ򾳡
ף
ŵ˵ͷ
һλǰ֮ǰҲ˵ΣļʹҲֻǼ;飬Ҫ߳Լ·һһ޶Ľ֮·Ļͻᱻľͼס
ƷףҲ˵ʲôܿ죬ʸƱҲˣ˵ֱӳʶ
ͨڵĴ󣬼Ƭ֮󣬱Ѿ˻ʳ֮еĴ֮ڡ
ܿ죬лʹ֮ڵߣһصĿռ֮С
˽ȥһȴصǿռ֮в֪ʲôʱѾɽ˺
ǧ֮ࡣ
Щÿһҫҫ۵ĹâɢĹâ
ƺǸӦ˲ʣǵʲʾĲϱһϢ˴˶Կ
ȻȫǾ콾ĸ֣ʸҲ⾪˵Ĵֱʸסˡ
Ҫ֪ͨ콾Ƿʣѵһ˵Ǿ콾ˣ콾֮еٮٮߡ
ѰһΪܹһȴ·Ǵײһ洦ɼ
˵Щ콾֮УȻһЩ˵ϢȫȫЩ콾ѹס
𣬾Ȼô𣡡
Ҳ΢΢𾪣ȥϰ
ÿһ𶼴żΪֲϢЩ٣ȴȫȫסЩ콾
ͷŵĿֲϢԶЩ콾Ҫǿ̫̫ˡ
ƷһĻþȵǣЩ֮Укܶ˾ȻǹŴе֮Уһ붼ˣڵĲһ롣
֪ЩŴ𵽵жôǿơ
ҲóƷʮֵ𾪣ԭƲ⣬һλôǽҵĲ鱦֮鿴ĿľΪ˶ԸЩŴС
ЩŴеĵӾȻö֮ĳ
ȻͳƷƲĲͬҿŻҲ鱦һϹսĿģȻЩŴ
ȻЩŴеҲͬⱾóƷоζ
˵ЩŴ𶼲ҪԸĿĻôĿ꾿ʲôأƷҲЩȻ
ŴжҪԵĿ꣬ôͼı͸ȻҪԸȻҲӵĿ¡
Ī壬ͺĴô
Ʒһ˲Ժ֮ܶͷǺܿŻʸƵҵѾһ˾ˣ˾Χ˷ڵඥ콾֮⣬кܶڷڵеĶ콾
İĻ֮УǱܵľŽڷڵΧȫ
Ʒ˳֮һʱ䣬ĿѾɨ˹
ǾǷڵôһս˵ǾȻס˷ڵţ÷ʤ
СۣƷ֮Դżֲ˼飬ƺ׳ƷǾôģΧ֮²Ǽסˣһ·ɨɱ˶֡
ӦþǷڵǼˣǸǻʸôΪԲ˵˵һ´󹦵ˣǸƷ
Ҳ˵ˣƷһΪƾ춯أǺɨѹЩŴе𣬼һ֮סҡҡ׹ķڣ
ϧ첻ڳ˵ϵħһ޵УѾЩ߽Ϊµһأ
µһ𣿺ôĿ˿ɱɣµһĸֻҪΪС鷳ˣ
ٺ٣˭֪Ļ󵽵˭ֿ֣²ֹһϾһҹ֮Ҫ£ô򵥣Ҳ˺ٺһЦ˵


2258 ʱ䣬һϺ
ߴЩƷû˿Ķݣɫƽ·ûǵĻһ㡣
֪ڳ˶ڹעЩҲǶ콾
˵δһЩһЩ
ǲԷ⣬ѡڽһޱȻԻ͵Ĵ
أһź˳һƬڰ֮УһӰ·Ǻڰ֮еߡ
ɲǼ䣬Ѿ˳Ʒǰ
ĵʱ˷콾ǵľ
ҹ˫ʲôʸƵʲãֱǰ˵
֮Уҹ˫ʮֵľ裬ҹ˫·Ǻڰ֮еľߵǺڰĹȡ
ܼ򵥣ֻһνµһ𣬿мֳɫ
һӰ˵һԼĪŶʮͷ꣬޳һڵĳۣӢֻһ˫ޱȵڵ֮Уżİ
ʦܣҹ˫һǳϵĹŴ콾ʱ򣬾ѾΪͳ˽޶˳콾ս˵Ǵ˵һλߣҹʵĴˣС
ƷĶߴ˻ʸƵ
ʵĴУƷ˼Ȥѹҹ˫Ȼ衣
ֻ˵ʲô콾Щ𶼲ɡ
ϾеӵлߵĴеģûлߵĴУ֮Ҳֳ˵ȼ
ΪõĴлֻееļֻһСܹûߵĴС
󲿷Ҳżܹõһߴͨѧһܺȫϡ
ʼѧѧ֮Ĳ࣬ȻҲӹɡ
ͬٵ򣬹£˴֮ѧѧĲθߵ͵ĲͬǾ˫ʤ
зʼ𴫳ȷʵ԰Ⱥۡ
е˼
ڴʱһߴȴһӰл̤˹
ͷҪˣ
̸̧ͷһȴһͨɫһǿߴ˹
Ȼ࣬ǳƷ֪ȷʵֻ࣬ǽԻ˼µķࡣ
壿Ʒ˲ϳǿߵʲôˡ
֮Ҳһλ۹һʱ
Ҳһַǳǿʣ
Ժʵ֪ͯϵǳãΪͯеǰģʸưд˳Ʒ˵
ƷȻҹ˫ΪԼΪµһͷӦɱ
޷Ȼ붯֣ҾͰøˣҹ˫ν˵ֻһ˫ȴĶס˳Ʒ
ۿžҪս˵ĿҲת˹ǧ˶ٮٮ֮еٮٮߣû£෴ģ֮ĳͻڿ֡
ôأһĺǳ
̧ͷȥȴһɫȹ۵Ṳ̊Ŷݹ
俤˼ꣿ
˺ܿ˾˭ǰʱĹ俤˼ô
֮ǰϹ俤֮Ҳš
ǳ˵֮⣬˼ϮƷ˹Ź俤Ϊ˹俤ƺŵΨһˡ
˵һƺŶѣʲôĻڱʱưԶԡ
ͨ飬Ҳͬ˼ĴڣȷʵʸΪ֮еһӡ
һ˼꣬ü֮мƵĶųƷƷѵҪһӶŮ˺ô
ƷЦЦĿ˵һδڣô
Ʒο뷨³Ʒ˼֣ĻҲûжʤ㡣
ԼΪԼϳƷѹԵʤġ
ԸַﻹôƷǶó֣Ըʱ䲻࣬Ҳ鱦⼴ûô๦棬һϺˣ
¡
һʯǧˣƷĻ˶ˣֻҪԸһˣѾǳˣ˵û취սʤ֮
˵֣ƷȻսʤ֮
ʲôǼȿ
Ʒ˰ɣһϣﻹʤ㣿
Ȼ֮еٮٮߣĸﻹ˿ʤ㣡
Ʒ̫һ㣬һ仰Ȼʹ̼ĲҪ˵İ޲ɼ˾ȻҲܹڣȻܳ𣬼ֱ۰
˴ضغ֮ĶǼʡ


2259 ҹ˫
ǿǱ˼򵥾˼޲ɼĳƷҪĶˣκǲǷʣûа취Ϊ
ôŬҪΪ𣬶ǲܵġ
˴֮ʵĲ࣬;һС
Ʒ϶ǵʧķ裬ҪôǱ֮ǰͷͷԡ
νµһ𲻹ֻһЩ֮˵ûеõڵͬ
ôÿһѹ׵ľѧ֣˭֪˭ʤ˭ƾʲôҪſͷϡ
ҲǴ󲿷˿ͷͶԳƷǳƵĸԭ
ҹ˫ǾÿһѷɫȻôƶ϶Ƿˣ
ҵǲôãƷ϶мֱ£м͵ģһҲеΪǲǶķô
ҲƷ϶̣˵һ֧Ļڵ˻ֲܣ
ڵЩҲʲôǵģҲ֪ҹ˫ǵõ˭ĳŵƷ鷳
һʱ䣬۷׷ףֳɣһɾóƷѾˣһɾóƷ϶Լĵơ
ΨзڵһڵӷǳĵǶڳƷʵȻǷǳ˽ģһĴ¾ڻǰĿ
ôҲƷչ׾ٵĻɱ
кܶΪɨƽ𣬿ȺЭȻԼ֪ʲôȺЭѹǳƷͷβѹŶԷ
ӲԷд
˵Ʒһ֮ŤתսŤת˾ơ
ǵУչֳ˾˵ʵĳƷųµһʲôԡ
¼仹бǿᣬӿµĴô
Ϊ˭ܹҹ˫˵֮дżɱ⡣̫ˣѹôɱ㣡
ƷֻƲһҹ˫Ȼ˵޲ɼɱҵʤΪʲôֻȴҳѵ벻ô޲ɼ˱˵ӻ֪治֪ôģ
ҹ˫ʱˣȻóƷ˵ǶԵģĳЩ˵ӣĳЩ˵ȷ档
˵ܴ衣
룬ȥɣҹ˫һȻһӣĿ䣬˫ɲǼ䣬ֱһȭ˳ȥ
Ȼ֮ǰ֣ԭҪƷսһƷĵϸȴƷŭ
ɲǼ䣬һȭȻɫһƬڰҹĻ١
ؼҲûһ˿һĹߣҹĻڱһС
һȭƣǽҹĻŨһȭ֮һҪضΪڰ֮أΪڰ
ںҹ֮УҲߣûܹҵĺڰ֮дҹ˫Ц
Ʒ˱һȭסıըÿһεıըܹһѰؾشǺɱ
֪һȭжôľˣ
ѾﵽٵԲĵز
֮ǰƷܵͯ˸ǿ
Ȼٵ򣬵ǷǿҲ
һȭѰѧ֮ϣĻƼѧ
ڳ콾׷׵ɴ۾Ȼûһ˿âǺεѾͨû˿âԿ
ϾڻʼѧҲԸŹôõһλᣬܹĹ۲ʼѧ
أʱ򣬳Ʒ֮Ļڶ𣬶ʱռ䣬۴һ㣬˲ͽڰ˺ˡ
ʱ˲ſǿֲһȭȻͣڳƷǰɵĵطȻʹá
ƺһɷͽ赲סˡ
أ
˾ֻע⵽һȭȻһ֮ͨŤȻһѵˡ
ۣ
ҹ˫һѪ˺üƴȫһƽ⣬⵽˼ķɣһ
֮أŵ飬ղŸûκ֣ΪѰؾܱһȭ
ҲҪͬ߾ȫֿпֵܵסһȭ
˭֪ƷǿһۣȭͷȻͱһص˺Ȼ˺ˡ
ʲôͨҹ˫иܵѵֻһѣֻܹܵ
Ҫͨ
һ˲䣬ƷѾҹ˫ǰֱһ־Ȼֱץסҹ˫Ĳ
ҹ˫һ£ҪѳƷĴ֣˭룬ûκô·ȫķѹơ
ȻֻƷ͵һһĶҹ˫ѾŤ˲
ҹ˫


2260 ɱɱ
赭дᣡ
˵Ժ֮жֻð
ΪĻᷢһ춯صĴսͬƷǺľͽҹ˫նɱ
սֻһ˲ˣѾֳʤ
֮ǰ󵨵ˣҲû뵽սȻݱӣȫȫһѹ
ͬ𣬱˴֮ʵȻѾزֱͬΪĸо
ͬͨؾѹָо
⣬µһô
˵Ժ֮жʱ֮ǰǿֱһЦνϢ
ڿ´ŲûеܹɱһʵµһֻҲԶ˰ɡ
Щ඼۳ҹ콾ս콾˴֮Ҳ϶ˣڱ˴֮ʵȻЩ˽ġ
֮УӻȫƻƽĴڣҴӳƷչֳʵֹƻƽ⣬ֱǲƽ⡣
ͺһͻȻֵBUGһ
ࣿʲô
϶ǹɣ
ô˵սܹﵽֵز
˶о˼飬˹Ȼںܶ˿ǲһȺ
һȺĹ֮УȻֳһֲĹеĹ
ڳƷĿѲ֮£о䡣
ʱֻȫȻƷʵѾԶԶ֮⡣
ԭҪΪͯѩޣ˭뵽ƷʵȻôֲ
ʱҲˣΪʲôͯʵȻҲûܹӳƷбסԼ
ΪԵĸͲһ࣬һ
Ʒ㾹Ȼɱˣѵ㲻ŭߺһ˵
Ϊע⵽ƷĿɨϣΪƵӣĿڿһһ
ǳˬڿЩСһֻڣһŵˣǱˡ
ŭƷЦǴһ飬ѾǵʱˣǴĻʳʱңǴĻʳԶͼϮɱ͢壬Ѱ·
ʱǰǵ콾ڴĻʳ֮ҲżΪıĻʳ֮ƫ˭Ѿӹɵˡ
϶ǣ
ڲ֪ڣѾˣƷЦһ˵֪֮кܶ˶νµһ⣬Ҷͷûʲô뷨ȻѾҵͷϣǾҵģ˭ҪһϺˣýԼʱ䣡
ƷĿӥһѲˣ콾϶¶˼ֲ޵飬ȻƷĻǿ̫ͱˣְȺ۵飬ȫǷ
жżŭ𣬲ڸղųƷ׾ٵҹ˫֮ﻹðͷ
ҲǰЩƲƷսһֱսȻûԸȥԣƷͻȻսǱս
ȻƷǿѾǵӣ˵Ŀ֮жŲƣʱǿΧҲûпܡ
ʦ̫ˣˣЩ𣬿²ưոݣʸЩǵ˵Щ򽻵ʱܳȻףЩ𲻳Ѿ˳Ʒ
ϿɳƷս֮ϣؾ֮УƷʵ޵еġ
ؾյ㣬֮ϻ򾳣һͻƵ򾳣ֻµһҪҵľǳƷ鷳
Щ𲻼ǳһг𵱳ͱˣܹЩһֱǹҵĵˡ
еٶȣ˵ʵǿҲܿ챻ǳԽȥ
̬ѵЩ˾ͻѺô˼꿪˵һǻƽ棬»ٳߣǳҲһߵҲֻһˣڱ̬ǲ̬󶼻ߵ棬ô
˼꿴ųƷһ˫֮˸ĹʣƷ˺ܾúܾǰһϲϳƷӣȺۡ
޵֮־
˵ҲǣʸƵҲѰˣϾͷӦ˹Ȼ󿪿˵֮·ˣɱɱ𣡡
ڴʱȻѾĺˣҪԶƷǣƷһֻעĶôʹܵ
绯
ƷһӾ׷ĶǰӸµĿ


2261 ӣʲô
ղŲҪɱôôھҪˣΪĽأأƷ죬ЦЦĿ
ɫΪѿû뵽ƷȻô׷ᣬѹҲûҪù˼
ĻҲ׷ŹƷһΣҲûдŹƷ
ֻǺĲͬǣǿԱѾȫĲͬѾԭΪˣ
ڽȻеģЩҪȥãȥ콾콾˵콾ֻ֮·ԵһѰ׹ǰˡ
Ʒ㲻Ҫ̫
ĶųƷŭ˵
̫˵̫ǺôƷЦЦ˵ȻзʵʣվҲֻһӲ֮еѾˣڣҾս
ۿųƷûзŹ˼֮еķҲڷķڣ˷·һŻһ㣬˲ϯ
Ʒҵϣһ
أʱһտɫ۵Ӵ˳˳ƷǰĿ⾼Ķ˵
˭ҪɱˣжܹƷһЦ˵
漴ʹϵķж˳
ڣڵĵӣ
Щ⣬¶Լݣ콾ս֮ϣ֪Ҳ࣬һ̫ͬ͵ˡ
ڳƷȴһܹȻΪӱǱ֪Ͳֻǽĳˡ
ܿˣķˣҲһжϱ˵ĳ
ˣǵûлȻ򣬷𾪣ȷԼķѾ͵ͣǻǱһۿԼóƷĿ¡
ڵĵӻҵǰûȥǵ鷳Ѿ˰ɣƷĿ˵
콾ƺЩףƷЩл˼Ҳ֪ʼĩ콾ʼ
ףڶʮǰƷЩһ͵С
ڶʮǰƷ£ν緢ķڱ͵Ϯ֮˶ʮ꣬һֱ³֡
ǲ֪Ʒ޳飬֪ҲֻǱϵһЩϢֻǱϵϢѾ׳ƷΪʲôв֮ˡ
Լ͵ϮشЩҲưոݣ¶ԷȻ
ƷȻǳ͢ԶҲǳ͢ķλ֮£ڳ͢ᳫŴкǵ֮ҪƽͬΪмƻ˫Ĺϵƻ͢ĴƣӸ˵ͼҪԴĳѹƳƷ
Ʒֻ֮Цһ˵ҲֻǸҲǷƾʲô£Ƿڳ֣͢ɱжϣҪвȥ̫ξˣ̫ξ˷Ļ͸һȥ
ƷӶ˼ӣ˵ѵ⣬ŭɶ
Ȼ뵽˸ղųƷ׾ٵҹ˫ģֻʵ̫ˣǵڣǵһĿ
Ʒڵģ꿪˵
ҴڣƷ֮꣬бŽɱ⣬ֻҪҵǰһɱˡ
ͻȻʵ˳ƷеĲ²⣬ҹ˫ҲãҲãȻǱͬղųƷ˵Ǳ˵һöӡ
ֻ¾Ǳ֮һ
ڹȻǲ׷ŹںЩĶԹìܲδƽϢʱƶϵ
ҹ˫ǱƳڻҶѣֻֻԼҲû뵽ҹ˫ڳƷǰȻ˵Ĳһɡ
Ҳܵ˳Ʒɱʱһ˲ͽڵӪ֮УƷɱĽںͶ
ĳƷȲƽϣͻƵ򾳣һҪɱ㣡𺣬вϷž˵ŭ
һߣѾ֣ųƷ˵Ĺ򷢶͵Ϯ
Ʋ˭ҾҲҪһ
𣬵ŭ֮󣬱ʵ콾Ϊ֮Ŀ
һУ
ŭһͷϣȻһ䷽Բ׵Ӵ
תÿתһȦһ֣ܿγӴĻ籩


2262 һ
޾Ļ滯ɿµȵĻ棬·ҪƬռ䶼ķڿһ
Ƭط·һصĻ֮С
治һĻ棬Ǵ˵еֵĻ֮УҲһǿơ
һ˵ͬΪҲӲӣȻƷһ
ڣ
ƷҲֱһֱӽ͸ˡ
ʲôʱ𺧣ˣԼѹ׵ľѧȻܱƷһڸˣ֪Ʒʵǿᵽʲôز
֮ǰƷҶ˫ʱѾȻֻû뵽ǻǳƷʵ
ԳƷչֳʵƷʵɲ⡣
ȻӦһֻճ֣һѾץס
䣡
ȻѪ꣬ȫµķ磬󷨣ͳͳһ˲󱬡
ѪҲƷֱץסһûɽͼ֮Уһû˳Ʒ˫֮Уι
֮ҲڲϵĲ
죡
ʵ̫ˣ
쵽˶ӦĵزѾƷһˡ
˶ˣǺͳƷ֮Ĳࡣ
±ѰĶ콾Ĳ໹ҪһЩ
áǿ
콾ˣƷΪסˡ
Ӧ˵Ǳסˡ
ƷĴ򷨼򵥴ֱʲôֱһˣȻٽһ󱬡
ǲɵö׷׵һ׹һ㡣
ȻƷˣⲢǿ෴ʵֻЩҲǶģκһ
һղų־ܹܳ
ⲢǳϣǳƷ
̫ǿˣǿ˿ԽͬͬСһ
ȷʵǿ۳һǧ֮ǰΪ޻̸֮ڿֻģ
ǹôô۳һǧ򣡡
ǰ޹˺߰
۷׷ףֻǺ֮ǰͬǣ֮ǰ˶ڿ֣ڣȴֻóƷˣǸоâڱΣС
һһʵֱɲ⣬ѾǼ˻ʮ˾ֲܹмĲˡ
ȫ벻׵ǳƷ۳һǧģ˵Ǹܡ
۳ٵ֮Ҫٶһøܡ
ͬͨҪһ㣬飬漣漣Сʷ飬񻰣Ǹ飬ű֮Ϊ񻰡
ʱ˿ɳƷ۳һǧ飬ڿԲ١
ͬʱҲʶһֲ飬ؾʱֻ¸ûܹκε˳Ʒ
һǧѰٵ֮Ĳֱ࣬һĲ࣬ǧһԳƷֻ³Ʒ㲻ܹɱɾҲȫԱȫˡ
ʮֲֿˣζǸԸѾ̬һBUGĴڡ
ûа취ģ
һ㣬ЩҲͬ뵽ˣڳƷǰѾûκ壬ʱ䣬ƷıѾѣȫͬһˮƽϡ
ЩԳɻΪĿǣмԸĽ
ҪһôƷ֮󣬵ĿɨˣȻ󿪿˵
ǶǶ콾𣬵Ǵʱ֮ǰͬ
֮ǰƷǿȻʵǿ󣬵ǶҲǱһҪǿһЩˡ
ǾѾǳ˲ˣ˭룬Ʒչֵʵ
ŷɥʱﻹվڻңѰ·
һƬѻȸƷĵ˵ͷص˷ڵӪ֮С
ʦԽԽǿˣ
ʸƿųƷЩп˵
·ܹоĳƷ̨֮ϴɱķʱԸǿˡ
ޱȵ𺧣ƷĽ׾ٵĸ֪ĵزˡ
ע⵽Ʒط򼸺˵ʱ޿̶ڽУ϶о޴ջ
˵һ̵һ̵оϵĸǶȫ¡
ϵۿɼٶȽĳƷµĴڡ
ƷҲֻЦЦ˵ֻСˣʲô
ڵ콾ʱķڷƷڣ¼һ


2263 ڵĻ
ڵϣվҪڳƷϵģڱʱ֮У֮κһܹе÷ϣܹΪڵ
δʶǿҲǲܡ
ƽ֮У콾ߣѰ콾繷ʱ֮Уֻ𷽲пӱ
ƷȻ֮еٮٮߡ
ʦǿƣҲǵעˣϲĻǿ϶뷽跨֮Ϲս֮ԳʦܣʦǧҪСģ
ʸƿ˵
ʲôƾЩ˵ǵҷһʰأһֻ־ǣ
ŵʱϻ˷ܵ飬Լʤ˻Ҫˡ
һԵ˼ҲЦݣȻʸƵĻϡ
ͳƷʶ̫̫ˣȻ֪Ʒʲôˣǿ˵ǵ죬û飬նɱЩǿУĸһΪԶԶڳƷ֮ϵǿڡ
ǽΣǰ˳ƷΪ°׹·еһԱ
޷ʲôһ֪ôǾԲģģ޷ҲǵȵһͻƵ򾳵ʱҵ鷳ƷЦЦ˵
ЩڸղųƷʵʱûпǲǾĳƷˣʲôƷҲף޷ǾóƷ϶ǵõʲôܹؾ˵ǿơ
ؾ֮УƷǿģһؾ򾳣ôƷҲͲʲôˡ
ԭ˫֮ʵҲѸٱ
ؾ֮У۳һǧĿνǧ˺ߡ
֮Уһǧ򲻹͵һζѣЩǻ
Ǹʱ򣬳ƷҲͲˣǵ츳ֻѰĶ콾һ򾳵һżҲԶԶֻһǧô򵥡
ֱһ۳ǧǧ˵һͻֱֻӱǧ𲽡
ǸʱһǧĳƷôǵ
ѰͷܽƷնɱˡ
ЦЦЦˣЦõˡ
ֻǳƷȻǵ뷨ôԸɲЩ²ǰ㣬ʲô࣬ؾǿơ
ÿһ֮У޵еģ˵ؾͬսɵһȺ
ֻǳƷʵ̫˼ԼҲⷽȥѡ
ʦܹؾ۳һǧȷʵʮ˵ã򾳵ǰȴʲôˣ
ʸƿ˵
ǸʱСǵΧ
ʸʦַģȻʲôôԸ
Ʒ˵ͷ˵
˭ȿ򾳣ǻһأɱңҲÿû£
뵽ͻƵ򾳣ԳƷľмּΪڵ֮Уλȫͬġ
һͻƽ֮ԳƷ֮̾еٮٮߡ
ʱҲ൱µٮٮ֮һ
˸Ҳ֪Ƿڵķǿ֮⣬Ѿ¼¶ƾ۳ҡ
˵Ǹʱ򣬼ΪУ޾塣
ͬʱԶڵӪ֮УɫΪѿΪƷӣΪ˳Ʒʵ
ھؾ
ʱмңҺûͷһȾֱӶ֣ҹ˫䵱ȥ̽һ³Ʒʵ
ĻֻѾ˳Ʒˡ
ʵҹ˫֮ϣҲֻһ֮ô֮ࡣ
ҲζƷ֮ĲҲ
ʦ֣֮ǰƲ⣬Ʒͽ޳пͬһˣڿԸˣʱһڵľ콾ͬɫѿ˵
ɫѿʱһֱûзѰҽ޳䣬ϾնɱиĶ콾¸оʹ飬ưոݡ
ڱɣʧһʮżԪˣ˽ǡ
ڵۺʵоԳĴۡ
˭֪ڵһصǰǶҲ޳䣬ͺؼʹûһ˴һ
ɱˣ
±ˣܱĴʵҪǿᡣ
ûݣҪ˾̫ˣڵʵҲ¼һ졣
ڴʱڳƷҲһ˹һڷеΡ


2264 ӿıէ
ΪصĳƷͺͽ޳ڸ涼Щƣ޳һ֣ƷڿǽʿʵļصУҲгƷһΪʮ־˵ļء
ڸ֮УݳһʵǳƷõ׽ڵĴС
仰˵ƷӦҲһֻ֣ǱֵĲǺԶѡ
ټϽ޳óϵͨҲƷóϵ֮ͨ
۴ֵ߳ʱҲйڽ޳֮ɱڶ֣¾Ȼû֪⽣޳ʲô
ʵ콾֪ƫƫðôһһ֪ˡ
˵ڣЩϹĩ괫ĹŴҲ֪⽣޳ʲô
Ȿͺˣʲôƾðˣ·Ҳ̫ûн콾ս
޵֮£Ȼûзֽ޳䣬ʱ򣬳Ʒˡ
Ȼ˫չֳѧͬһƷǳƣһǿƣһ޵УڵѾǳпˡ
֮ܲڿڣ½ֻһЩɣ˵ѾбɱƷˡ
ݣɱŹ
ҳƷ֮䣬ҲȻûʲôԹ෴ģ˴֮ĶԹҲǼģ
֮ǰͷɱƷ飬Ҳν˾֪˭ҲţƷᵱûзһ͵ûз
οƷֳʵ̫˾ޣ켸һ֮˷ڵİƣڡ
һҹ޻ǱİӿҲûֹͣ
ڵǿҲڵ˿գȻ˿к͹Ŵ֮Թɱ⣬˴֮ɱ˵ֻҪסԼĻ̣˭ʤ˭ҪĻʳĹ֮ڡ
ֻҪڹ֮ڣôǹŴĴУҲҪΪĴС
ֻҪѡ뵱ôֲûʲôֱ
ǷڳڵĳЩ̡
ǵ̳ɿˡ
ؼǳƷ
еκһ㣬ڲƷͷˡ
ǲƷһܷŹպȻڵĴУǻʸƵ˲ʲôֻѰѣɫѿ˵
ʸƲʲôʸνֹȻǿ󣬵ȴҲֻѰ
ȻƷȴֻͬһսһ֮߸Լʵµ⻹ԭ˵ġ
ʱѾǲ˼ģϾֲѰ콾
ȻһĴŲ١
Ʒȷʵ¾Ȼַ֪˵ĳ̶ȡ
ȻǿеĶ
ʱЩңҺԼûððʧʧǰǶֶΣ˳Ϊڻҡ
ĻڱƷȫըģ¾ͲԼˡ
ڵѾʮֵΣգһͻƵ򾳣¼ҵܹ֮ˣ˵
Ѿ¼ΪʮŵҲӵΪˡ
Ȼ򾳵ǣûа취ЩϹȣǱϾҲѾ¾С
Ҫǣǿǧˡ
ڣҪһٱ
ϾؾǿȴܶԸȴǳѶԸˣοɵ򾳣Ǿ͸ϼѡ
ԳƷչֳʵѾܹԿˣ
ڵ콾Ǿֵ˵
ƷչֳʵѾסǾܹ˵Ĵڡ
֪֮䣬Ѿ¼֮еٮٮߵ콾Ʒס
뿴һ콾Ҳ콾ľʲôɱ˲£ɱҲ¡
Ʒһս֮նɱҹ˫Ǽ˾ȴҲڵز
ǳƷ赭дѾնɱ𣬱˵Щ콾𶼱ŵùǺ
ؾǿǿҵͻƵ򾳣ɱ練ưˣ벻ҧгݵ˵
ȥҳƷ鷳Ҳûӣһ򾳣һоͲһˣƷڵƾͻữΪС
ٵȵȣһҪͻ֮ǰͻƵ򾳣ڴ֮ǰͻƵ򾳣Ҫ취Уһ뵽ʲô¶˼ĮЦݡ


2265 ޴Ĳ鱦
ӿ
֪֮䣬ƷѾʸ֮ģԼȴûһںЩĿ⡣
һֻ֪ǶԼʵоԵģ
Щģ޷֮ǰһﵽ򾳣ȻԸ
ʱ˭һ򾳣ǻ˵أ

һһӰ֮У˶һһĸߴһ۵ӡ
ӹַȴü֮ɫ֮ƣֻǾĴ֮ϣѹһ콾ơ
̫ξˣ
һڵ콾׷񣬶ЩŴе콾Ҳ֮
˲ǱˣǵĻʳһΣ̫ξ
һ񣬾콾ܵ˾޴ѹ˴ʱڴĻʳѹľ֮УܹΪһˡ
̫ξԲǰ㣬ֻǶԱǳ裬ʵҲԳƵϵǿ֮һ
ֻʮϲϴ̫ξǿᡣ
ƷԴĦŴ̫ξʵǰʹ̫ξʵ̫Զһ㣬ܲһ˿һ̫ξʵ
˫Ͳһ֮С
ȻȴͬȻ˫ĲȻܴ󣬵ȴѾˡ
ƷѾܹо̫ξǿǰƷֻܹ̫ܵξͬԨһɲ⡣
ԳƷĸ֪̫ξʵԶ˾ͽ֮ϣпѾǷǿߣ㲻ǣҲ϶۷塣
ͬ۷壬˾ͽǱԱ̫ξͲһأ仰˵̫ξпǷʣǰҲеһԱ
ֻǰڣʱǷëǣһʱһܹһ
£Ҳ콾еһֻ֣콾ǿеˡ
ֻ֮Уֹһǳǿʵ⻮ֳһײ㣬˽⵽ڶ콾֮ϣ
ڷ֮ϻзʡ
ڳƷʵʹ̫ξ̫ԶЩҲֻĲ²ѣҲͻƵ򾳣Ǹʱһ̽
ؾ򾳵Ĳжɴ˿ɼһߡ
Щ콾һؾ֮еٮٮߣȴ̫ξ׾ٵѹ
ƷҲֻЩѣϾ̫ξĹϵҲ̫ξΡ
Ȼ̫ξ˵ֻǳά͢ϣڵʱһСĳƷ˵Ѿˡ
ԳƷ飬ȻڳƷûǸ黹ϣƷţδȻһ졣
λ񣡡̫ξ˵֪λʱ䶼ܱԶĻҲͲ˵ˣһΣɱ¶䣬λ콾лҲ鱦֮һ䣡
ϣǺúϧһεĻᣬΪ˻һεĻᣬǱţ˲СĴۣϣǲҪһεĻᣡ̫ξ˵
Ʒ֪ԭĽףҲǣǱнףĻƾʲôл鱦֮С
ЩɶǴĻʳ֪ѼƷһ˵ĶеķһܹôȥĹؼڡ
һ콾ƺҲѾ֪ˣҲ֡
϶¶ԾԾԵ飬мƵ飬ȻǴ̫ξĶֶЩ콾ˡ
Լʹ̫ξĲ࣬Ҳֻʱ⣬ֻҪ㹻ʱ䣬δʹ̫ξȼҲûܵġ
̫ξûһЩ콾ԾԾЩƵ޶ãҲͲϡ
ˣһʱ򣬾뿪ʱⲻ𻵱֮κһ鼮ĻҪۣ
̫ξ˵
ǣ
˷׷׵ͷ
漴̫ξһ֣һ޴ޱȵĹ֮Ż˵ǰ
Ż򿪣һ޴ޱȵ˵ǰռӴޱȣ˵Ŀû취һۿףǱʲôסһ
ƷܹķΧ֮һŵͬһޱ޾
֮ϣһ鼮ĳ֮ϣһС͵Ľ뿪
ôһ⣬ǷڵĲ鱦ҪϺüˣŲɵóԾ˵
ΪǰʱŸոձڵĲ鱦֮һۡ
Զ鱦ĲҲΪ˽⡣
ڵĲ鱦ѾǳˣǺʹĻҵĲ鱦ȫС׼ˡ
ᲢۣȻһλ档


2266 ջǳ
֪棬ж鼮඼ѵһƷѾʧ˵ĹƷ
ôĴо䣬˵۾ˣ۸ڶЩ;콾Ҳ׷׾ǰһ
ǧѷĺûᣬǶŴе˵ǧѷĻᣬǵĴѾʱ䳤֮и
һεĻᣬûпܻôõĻᣬԷЩ伮
ö˵ʲôƬ֮䣬ڳе㶼ʧӰ١
һ˸֮䣬ƷѾһ֮ǰΪ˱ͻ콾Ĭķֿ˲ͬĵطۿ
ʱ䲻ֻ࣬һµʱ䣬ŵΪһµʱ䣬㹻ԼҪĶˡ
Ʒܿͷ֣֮ϵ飬Ȼȫ򾳵иһľ磬ߵһľ鼮ͳͳûС
˵Щ鼮ӦöǱ֮ˣֻ˵ʼҲ鱦пкܶŲͬξ鼮
ĻÿҪĵʱֻҪǽ벻ͬĻʼҲ鱦֮оͿˡ
ĻƷڻҵĲ͸һֺȻĸо
һĲж٣̶ܴϾֳжôǿ
ͳƷ²һ޶ĻôĻҵʵһʮ־˵ĵز
ƷҲǣĻҴ̫ɨƽȺ۽ĻʳʼҲ֪ȥ˶ꡣ
ĵҲ֪ж٣ÿµ붼һ̶ֹڿ֮УЩԴҲתΪ˴Ļҵĵ̡
ѹһֱдţĻҵЩӣÿһвܹȼ콾콾Ĵڡ
ÿһӹʵЩôﵽεȾ˵ٶȣֱ
ԼҲӵʵܹѹ͹Ŵ洫УǲΪ°ɡ
Ʒóһۿ
ɲǼ䣬ϢȻϢĺ˳ƷԺ֮С
֮󣬳ƷŻ۾ⱾߣһϹʱڵ򾳸֣Լдһ֮С
һǳǿ򾳵ĸ֣򾳵򣬿Ѿﵽ˵Ƿ켫ĵز
Ʒеʵļףټϻлʼս֮й򾳵ΪȻоջǳ
Ȼɽ֮ʯԹ񣬱쳵Ҫõģ
ƷΪʲôֻһ򾳾ܹôľ鱦֮ˡ
ԭܼ򵥣Ϊ鱦֮Ѽ˴Ϲ䵽ڣ֪򾳸ֵľ
̫䣬һжںĵ״̬ûȫչϹ֮󣬾֮档
ֻϹ䣬Ͳ֪˶򾳵ĸ֣Ҳ֮йţнţȻǵ
м䲻֪ȥ˶꣬˶򾳵ĸ֣Щֿܶ߰˰ˣµĵ伮ȴǿԱġ
սҲȻ൱һֱ
뵽ƷһֺȻĸо
ֻǿһѣóƷоԼջǳ
Ʒûκԥֱӷ˵ڶʱͬղһ㣬Ϣӿ˳ƷԺ֮УڳƷԺ֮УȻһӰڶųƷ
ǵģӰεĴڴԴĶ
Щ򾳵ĸּصʱ򣬵Ȼֻǽּ¼ǽԼľ֮С
ֻҪ߲鿴Щ֣ܹ˲ӱϿס
ҲǳƷΪʲôײͬʱ֣ȴܹ˲俴׵ԭ
ֻ壬Ҫģȴеı⡣
֮һӰһͳͳˣɢ˳Ʒǰ
Ʒֹ˺һ۾оջ˺ܶࡣ
ڸղţİ֮£ԭͳͳΪĽ̶ʱ֮ڣƷѾͳͳסˣҾȻܹһ
ųƷԽԽ࣬Ʒԭڹ಻׵ĵطҲéٿ
ԭҪʵֵܹ֮⣬ƷǰͨЩ֮еļѾˡ
ͨİæȫӡԼĴ֮УԼһ޶
ǻǰһӣҪȥ֪ܲȥû֮ǰ˾֪ܲˡ
ǻݵ
ܹе򾳵ģһⲻţ²ǷʣҲܹƵ˵ġ
۵ͷóƷһִ۽ĸо


2267 Ʒˣã
Щŵ๹ķֱ辶ÿһ˶ȫͬģ˵ǧ򻯡
ƷԽԽףͬ漰Ĵıʶͬ
ЩļֵеıҪҪҪ
콾ѣеı䲢ȱȱЩԼչǵ۽硣
Ӹ߲ε۹ָУιԼ
ǴĻԾٹ֮Ѽֻκһûа취Ѽô;䡣
Щڷ֮ڣҲǾԵľܺ;䣬ǷڣųɾŵⱲҲеκһ
ǵҪʵﵽˣҪΪĺͣŻᱻһ̽
źѾʱĳӶʷ֮иˣǵľеķȴ
ΪϢĹؼڡ
˵˽죬Ժ¾ûлܹٿôľˡ
뵽ƷûκԥϵĴһȻһʱ֮󣬾ͷⱾ飬ƺڵľ顣
ȻһǶ̶ʱ䣬ƷѾ˺ü֮ϵ;䡣
춯ȻҲ
Ʒ˰ɣòһڵʱ䣬ôľɣ
콾ò˼顣
Ҫ֪Щ;俴鼮ʽڵģʵ鼮ֻһѣҪ鼮֮мصߵľ־
ǵΪĿֻС˼Ը⣬һֱ䵽ճʱĳҲһⶼûС
Щ伮Ͳִ֣Ǵ֣һµʱ䣬ȫԽȫ;䶼ꡣ
ʮǸ̵ʱǶ
鱦֮е鼮Ȼ࣬ҲֻǶͨ˵ģЩ콾ǵĴԶȳÿӶͷơ
ҲΪ㲻ͬǲܴҴҿ˽ˣҪ취̺ľ־
Ҫһмص򾳵оͷҲҪһʱ䣬пܳ׵׵ļ
ѾǷǳ˵ˣΪĳһǰ౦ľ·
ˣҲֻȥѰԼķƻһ;
ϵͨģֻͬŻϵͨе鼮
ϵͨͷҲȻȻû취ۿݣЩ鼮ӡ߱־ö֮ͻֳͬĹ
Żϵͨ򹹼ܷʽ鼮Ҳһ㵭Ļ⣬ܹ׾ٵķ֡
ǳƷ㣬ûѡķȻһʱͷ¡
ãϾʲôܹĿ۽磬ʵ򲻹ݺˡ
ǹҪеκһмصĴҪһʱ䣬⻹Щ鼮֮ӡ߱ӡǣֶֻѣҪ꣬⣬ҲҪµһʱпܡ
̰ãƷ㣬˿ģ̰á
˲ͬķδʲô£෴ģԽ࣬ҲԽңҪܳһ̺ŶַͨѶҲǳɱпһӱͬķǣţûа취ͻơ
ҲǷǳܵģڼŵ˲
ķˣô;䣬Ȼֻǿۣǿ鲻⣬ȫ˵
̫ҰģҪ֮µķͨɣˣм䵽жѶȣϹŵʶһֵЦһ˵Ųףν֣һ֣ѧϰô࣬ѧѧټϲͬķ֮໥ͻʱҪǲһЦ
ܿ죬ڵĹҲõ˳ƷϢҲֻһ̫ˣԼ֮޵ѾˣˣǹţҲô飬ûʲô𣡡
ûж飬ûжһŰֽôľͬĴͻʱ߻ħˣɭɭһЦ˵֮ƵľҶֻһۣһοеķͨͣҿҿһۣӰԼģɵãȥˣãûɱⱲҲûдĿˣ


2268 һ£ս
Ʒľٶ˲СĲƷ϶ǷˣħˣŻῴôľ
һ㿴ЩȻΪ壬ʵ϶Ǿ־ͶӰ
ҪһǵʺʵҪһϵʱ䣬ʮʱ䣬ʵҲ˼
ƷĿ࣬ʵǿһѰ·Ϊ
̫㣬ĿǰΪʵͳͳ̽Ҳûôʱ䡣
ôŬУΪʱ䣬ô
׼һ·ߵߵڣܹپΨһܣ෴ģͬƷ̰á
ǿһ֮ҲûȤƷνǵ»
ץʱ䣬ʼ顣
ƷҲûں˵Ŀ⣬ֻǺ֮ǰһ޶ϵķֵ伮
һͻһ伮һ伮ڵѾ͸ˡ
ָķ˵л໥ìܵķóƷֱ۽硣
ΪЩдЩ伮ǰֶζ𾪡
뷨ţóƷ˶ô۽硣
ڴҲ辶
Ͼеʵļ䣬ƷڴҲľĳһ֮С
Ҳȫ֪ȫܡ
£Ʒջ֮ǰûа취õ֪ʶֱղܡ
գۼĹһµʱȥ

һƵ˵ľΪ֮һ񣬴ӿ֮л
˵϶¶˼ֲ飬̶һµʱ䣬ǿ鲻࣬Ǿ콾Ҳֻʮҵľ䣬ҲʮԼĴµľ䡣
ֻĳ̶ȣ˵Ȼջ
˵ֻһµջ񣬾ʡδʮΪ
ǰ˳Ƕվھ˵ļϣ
ƷʱҲǷе鱾
вɵмָп̶һµʱ֮УȻ鱦֮е鼮˴롣
˵ջ޴ЩͶ콾ǵջûһĴ
ǰ򾳵ĸ͹İ취óƷջ񼫴
Ҳͬʡܶʱ䣬ͬʱ֮󣬳Ʒڴһ¥
ڷͬˣ
Ҳսֱ˷츲صı仯㻹δ򾳣ǱսȻԭеĻɡ
ⲻΪ͹ϵֻΪڴĸսҲǲϵ
ԭǺĵطҲȻʣԭ޷ȫӳͨѧҲȫӳǿӵĸá
𿴽ֻɵʵԭԼڹ££ǻԭԼ
Ǿ͸˵ЩͶ콾ˡ
Ȼջ񣬵ǺͳƷͲ̫Զˡ
ȫͬһ֮ϡ
ֻҲû뵽һµʱ䣬ǺͳƷ֮ʵǵûСһˡ
ʱ򾳵ĸ֣аԱЩ˵ķɡ

ԸǲԸ׷̤Ŷݹ⣬뿪˻ʼҲ鱦⡣
ܿ죬ǳ֮󣬾͸в̴ͬӽǰķ
ϹսǿѹͲ֮ϣǴ󲻿ͨ
һʱ䣬ڴڵĴ֮оۼһ
ϵ콾ʼһεջ
ʼҵǻʼңҷҲԶԶģʸƸп˵һջǳҵʵɣһ̨㱻߸ΧҲֲܹܣ
ʸ֮гţһµʱ˵ʵ̫Ҫˡ
ڴɻͲⶼЩ֮˴𰸡
һ廨ŵĴ𰸣Ϊ̫֪ѡҸķԡ
Ȼһµʱ䣬Ĺǽǿ۽磬˼ʶ֮սз츲صı仯
ԭǸ̨ԭЩ֣޷սʤҲܹ⡣
ϾӵɵսɲֻӰ˵սô򵥡
еĲ𣬼ֱǼαһĲࡣ
Ҳǣջ̫ˣѾ׽һλǰ͸ҵĹȫȫˣȫֱӳˣҲȲ˵
һջҲܴ
˴ʱҲĿ˵ЩڵĶ콾һ⣬˾޴ĺôս˷츲صı仯
һֻϵëҲҫֻۣȻƻƽ𽽹һ㡣


2269 ս
Ȼһµʱ֮УջҲкܶ࣬ͨѧĻǲʺһֻģϾ෢ѧͨǸƵġ
ûа취ֱеģЩ伮Ƕڴ⡣
漰˴Ѿˣ;ͬ顣
Ҳֻʼ㲻ͬյĽһġ
ʦܣֱǿˣҸоɲˣʸ𾪵˵
ƷЦЦ˵һĽܾѾǺüʸƱʵôŶˡ
˫ͬһ㼶ϣʱҲûж˵ʲô
أһݹһɫȹӰ̤Ŷݹ˵ǰ˼ꡣ
ΪңɽֻһӣϾңɽĵʵ̫ˣ㳤һʵǴ˫ǱϾŽûжꡣ
ܹõóֵĵӣҲֻ˼ôһˡ
˼Ʒߣʶһεãǵ˼֪˳Ʒջ֮ʱ򣬻̲ס΢΢𾪡
Ʒʱ֮ڵĽǷ츲أס
ٶȣò˶ãܹˣһ򾳣ؽ֮еٮٮߣҡ
ʱЩҪƳƷȻҲǸܵģ
΢΢һٵĳƷ
ƷһЩڸ˼ʱ򣬼ֻǶ̶ʱĽȻ˼оéٿ
ֵֻǣƷƺܹһۿ֮⣬ûᱻ׾һ仰ƺá
ô֪һЩ⣿Һû
˼껹̲ס˵
㲻ҪСңҪ⻹򵥣ƷЦЦ˵ʵļ䣬ĸƷԺɵľ˼֢ڡ
˼Ȼþ棬ȻǳƷôҲ޻˵ˡ
СģЩ˿ܶˣʱϹսǧҪСģ˼껺˵˵һεĴǽĴͽϹս֮Уûа취׼ȷλÿһ˵λöǲһģ
ҪСģǵжд̣ǿ϶׵ķŹģ˼վЩĵ˵Ȼǵʵ˵ֵܲһᣬǿܻĵֶ̺Ը㣡
Ͼ̨֮ϣ̫ݣ
Ʒ룬ҲֻЦЦȻ˵ͷİɣңһ֪Ϊʲôô죬ߺߣ
ЩƷȻѾ뵽ˣֻǲˡ
һȺ󱲶ѣ
أһͻȻ˷׷Ŷӽ˴֮ڡ
ÿһδֱܹӴʮ뿪һ֮С
ҲóƷò΢΢ԾĻЩվ̫Сˣû취ܹģͣһһԣʹܰ·Ѿ͵ϵرȫɢܿ죬ֵ˳Ʒˡ
Ʒ̤˴֮ǰһȻѾһȫİ硣
Ŀռ֮ɢ΢΢һΣѾվ˽Ÿ
ļ֮ϣֻֻһͬ˹
ʸƵ˹ȻֱӴ͵˲֪ʲôطȥ
һȥһƬѪɫս·񷶼ѪɫûˣһƬѪɫĻ谵Ϊѹ֡
һƬѪɫĴصΧȻһƬ磬һƬ罫ظΧС
ڻ֮⣬һƬޣգǳʲôûС
һƬսһƬչģϹʱΪ˱⽫شһ࣬սѡ
ȥˣһƬԭʲôûе֮УȻ෨Ĺ֮ͬ£γһƬѪɫĴ½
ոƷѾܵһѹָѹܹ֮ܵԹζ
һս֮䣬ǶеٮٮߣôеԹȻ˵콾սϵԹҪӾˡ
ټϺв֪ٵĸһƬϹս֮ѰܹĽݾͷ
һƬսϵĴս֮УҲûƽ
̺ĿֲԹ˺Ȼ
أڳƷпһƬصĹͲʱһ˷˹
֮һĺ
ûпʲôͻȻѪɫӰ֮ڴǧһ㣬ֱӳųƷͷĺɱ
Ҫһ˲֮ڣͽƷĺɱ
أأأ
ЩѪɫӰûƿƷķ׷ױƷĻ赲ס
ʱƷѪɫӰʲô


2270 
ѪɫӰȻѪɫ㣬ЩͨѪɫһڿһ㡣
ÿһѪɫͳͳϯҪ˸˺飡
Ʒ֣ЩѪ֮ȻһƬո˺ѳһƬһƬ
Ŀռ䲢ݵĿռôȹ̣ڣ򾳵ĸֻܴĿռ𵴣ܽռıѡ
ֻһЩѪ㣬Ȼܹռѿ
仰˵ޱȵĴѽĶˡ
ΪʲôҪѰҹķˣƷʱǰһ˵
ΪһƬ̫Ĺϵ෨ûй̶ס˵ܹĿ෨ת
򣬴ӱ˵ڹһС͵أΪѵģǷĹô
ĻУѧι򷴶֮Ҫһٱ
ȻЩͶȡɵɣֻҪܹôǺõġ
Щ콾һһ츳ۺ֪ʶ˽ԶѰ˵һ򾳻Ҫ
ȱĽʵѡ
ߺߣ˵ҲһѵĻᣬʡȥʱ䣡ƷһЦȱľʱ䣬Ҫ̵ʱ֮ڽΪ򾳣Ǹʱ߱Ա֮
ʲôҲãʢҲãԱ޾κδڡ
뵽Ʒһֱ֣ӽЩѪͳͳץЩѪ㿴ϬʵûʲôѶԸĵط
ֻҪСһЩʲôѲ
ƷЩѪץ֮ȴ֣ЩѪ֮УȻѪ֮Ի
ȻǷƷʱ档
νָطеϹʱ֮ǰ̫ʱе
ϹʱʱĿˣԴϹʱʼ֮ΪʢУ춨һƬأһԪĸ
Ϲʱ֮ǰ̫ʱ̫ʱ֮ݺصĲʿߣһЩǿ˼µ
˵̫ʮױеٮٮߣÿһﶼ˵Ƕ֮컯Ⲣǿŵıǿ͹ˡ
Щڶһ̶ȵķǵѪ֮УͻͨЩͨѾ˴ĲΡ
̫ʮףÿһֶǱطǿ飬ֻҪͣڵķ򣬾Ϳ׾ٵе޷Ŀ̶ֲȡ
޹ʲô츳ʣΪǵھз򣬷ҹҹӰȾЩޣЩȻӵǿʵ
һ飬Ϲ䱻֮Ϊ顣
֮ԵľϹ俪ʼֵĺ飬Щ඼̫ʱĺֻǵѪ˻Ѿ̺򣬻߷ǳ٣ǽֻǸʵ
ڴ˻ϿϵֲⷽĲ㣬ûʲô취ĺҲͨһһӵпԱȼǿڡ
ʱ֮ΪǿʢȻҲϹ䣬Ҳ֮пȷĳŴʱڡ
Ǹʱǿߣǿ߲繷ǻ߶вֹһѹκһʱǲܵ顣
Ϲ䣬Ƿǳ飡
ΪϹһʱͺ齻ʱ飬Ҳк顣
е鶼Ѿȫɱ˺飬һ黹顣
鱾ھ̺з򣬿ԸУټϹʱϵ߼汸
Ϲʱڵޱȵǿǿ߱ѷɫ̫ʱЩǿ飬й֮
ʵϣ֮ЩʺͷڳƷʵѹǷѡ
ǵѪ֮ԭѾʧ˵ķ֮ĳһ֮ͻȻͻ䣬˷󣬷֮¾ǵϡ
з֮иеͣǿԲ˷ʺͷʵĲ
ĳ˵ô屾ȷʵѾǺ飬УֻѪûôŨˡ
ƷͬǺжģڵҲϿ飬Ǻ顣
ҲֻЩ콾ʷ֮вһЩ˻ͻ䷵ͷʡ
ЩѪȻҲƵβóƷΪ֮𾪡
ֻЩѪڵķҲһ˿ѣһ콾ԶԶ硣
Ȼǿ̶ȫͬǴӱ˵ЩѪЩ콾һġ


2271 죬
ЩѪȻҲ飡
ܿ죬ƷˣΪʲôˣҲΪһϹսǿߴս֮սನΪԵɺ϶γɵ硣
ΪطǳĲȶʵϣһֱʱܱıԵ
ķ򲢲ȶǰ㣬֮䣬һ̶ȵԻ
ֻ̫ͬ䣬سʱһ̫ʱôģɴһԻġ
ǷĻѪǴķ
Ǵħ񣬵ǺͲӣǿʼѪ⣬뷨򣬰Ѫ
ЩѪ㣬Ͷ콾𣬻϶͵
仰˵ҲһأȻСһ㣬Ȼ˵㣬Ȼȶ˵㣬ǵһذƷ棬ܹһسʲôĺù⾰
һͷǸʱҲܻΪһ޷Ŀֲ飬ӵܡ
뵽Ʒʱ
Ʒ֮ϵĽֱӷ˳һֻչʮ׳ƷһԾϡ
ʱһȶɲǼ䣬Ѿһ⣬뿪ԭأһ˲䣬Ѿϰ￪⡣
Ʒ֣⻮񷣬Ȼ֮У˺ѳһӣֱͬһֽ˺ѿһѿһ
Ҳԣ
Ʒһȭֲȭڿռ֮мԭƽĿռȻͬڵˮһʼҵĶһ˲䣬һһڳƷǰѿ
ȻĿռ̫ˣƷ˵
ܹڿռһߣȻǻ磬޾ա
Ȼһȭֱӽռ䶼Ĵ͸ˡ
һȭ֮ɴ˿ɼһ㡣
ĻȻӣǶҵ˵ȴǧѷĺûᣬֻϧ̫ԶˣĴҪɹҲǼܵ飡Ʒɵ̾Ϣһ˵
֪ǿ֮ŶٵΣգڰ֮в֪ŶٿֲޣУħ
֮ħԴǰħ֮нĸ֣ħ֮У˸ħΪ¼
ҪУҪһϣмҪٿֲأ붼롣
ѾؾΪ÷ɵķɹҲ·һ򾳼ĸҲΣأĿԳ˳ɡ
ԼҲֻгԽ֮ϵķǿ߲ܹ֮кɣЩΣˡ
Ҿ˵ϹսΧѾΪһƬأ޾հΧһƬϹսΪǿ֮׵֮һ
ûд󣬳Ʒ
Կ¶ʱڣҲֻһεĻܹһϹսˣǧѷ갡Ʒ
ƷŽʼս֮εʱ֮УƷȻһ˶ûп
ʱ֮УƷϳսĵĵش£һ·ϳһȻγɵյ֮⣬һʼƷѪ뷨Ѫ顣
ԽǿϹսĵشЩʵҲԽǿѾʼ൱ؾĴڡ
ЩѲƷ
һɽ֮УƷͽһɽ֮С
ɽ֮һѰ׹ɽ֮Уɭɭİ׹֮ϣһЩ
һսҲ֪мʮĳ̶ȣһѵİ׹ǾȻûз绯ҾȻǿҵƷ⡣һѰ׹ǵǰӦһΪǿĸǴְɣεҲ򾳼ǿ߲Ŷԣ
ƷݳһѰ׹ǰ˵ʵǷǿߣΪƷ֪һѰ׹ǵǰǷǿߵĻĹͷӦǽӲӵģ·ƽɵһ㡣
ǵǿߣѾ͸˹ͷ֮Уʼĳѣĳס
óƷϲǣһѰ׹ǵΧȻһȻֻһƵ
ǶһĳƷ˵Ȼһľϲ
֮УҲ˵ȫһ񣬹ֻǸֵķ򣬾óƷǳ
ֻĽڳƷ˵ǲģҪģЩЩƷ̵ܹʱ֮ͻƵ򾳡
̤Ьٴȫѹ򣡡ƷЦһҲ
ƷҪ⼸ʵ廯еʱԶһ
ס֡


2272 Ϲս
һţһӰԶ̤Ŷݹ
ƷһȴȻһͷ޴ޱȵĺǣһͷͨںڣͬīһ㣬ӴСɽһ㣬Ϊˡ
콾Ʒһһͷǣеǿ߶ϲεġ
кܶǿߣϲűģ
һͷȻ֮һ
һͷĶųƷȫðΪΣյϢ
ԣ콾ֻѰѪܹһȷʵףƷ˫۱磬˵
Ʒһ۾ͿһͷȻؾȻ콾˵Ƕ콾ˡ
ܿ죬Ʒ֮ǰ˾ͽҲˣȻһϹսңԶ֮Уʵϣһֱؾǿһս֮л
Ͷ콾˵ͻƵ򾳣ֻʱˣδһҪǰһϹս
Ƕͨؾǿ˵еһÿǰһѶȿ֮ܶǰۻһĳ̶ȲпᲢۡ
ųɾŵؾĸ֣ܿ뵽򾳣Щ뿪ݣ뵽Ϲս֮С
ΪľѰһЩǿԼ򾳵ĸʡ
һͷǣӦþ֮һ
࣡ǴһγɵĿֲ񳱼ҪƷһ
һŭ֮УȻ̺ŷԵķ
һؾСɽһĺǣ»оΪͷۡ
ǳƷͬҲһɿ˿Ӱ졣
СҲǰ
ƷһЦ
ʱһֻǸоһǰδеΣУֻúһֱǰޱȵĿֲ
ܣ
һֻܵٶȼ죬ǻһڹ⣬ҪߣƷЦһһֻ֣͵һӾͳŴǵķץ˹ȥ
𣡡
ǲҽһͱƷץУЩƷֱץ
һֻȻûзʺͷʵѪܹеϣ֮Ҳһ漶ĸ֣Ҳ֪˶ܹеֵز
ϧԳƷʱ򣬸ǲһ

ǿƵĳƷǹϵˡ
ѾȷˣԼԲǳƷĶ֡
ʱĴѾʼˣͻȻһ飬ǹһԡ
һǿߵ½Ϲսǿ߶УεĶǶ콾ɲ⡣
ֻԭûϣϹսôЩ콾żˣһʱܹ콾ֶֻĹ
ĸʵ̫Сˡ
˭֪ȻͱһʱԼһĶ콾ǿɾɵˡ
û뵽ĸĶ콾Ǳȶ콾µ
һѣһЩҪ㣡
Ʒ˵һͷǸղ¶һ֮ǵأܹӰһǳ֮ǧ˵ǣ졣
Ȼ֪ɱ¾ܹγ־˵֮
ƷǺںֺҲûʸں
ʣС֪޲޲һͷæ˵
ƷſһͷǣһͷǹԹԵڳƷǰҲҶ
ҳէϹսƻ˽⣬Ӧ˽ĲŶԣ˵˵Ʒ
һͷ΢΢һû뵽ƷֻҪһЩϢѡ
̵ģͽԼ֪һԵ˵˳ѣʱﻹˣʲôĻ
ھԵʵǰˣʲôĻȻģһóƷѹ·һ
˴ǵĽƷ֪ϹսķչѾ𽥳һķ£
ѾһӦеģˣ
ԭΪսʱֻģΪϹսĸڶ࣬γȮĸ
Ϲսĺģһ޴ޱȵķǳأϹսĺĵشҲϹսΪҵսǿĸͳͳУϹս֮лγһн硣
ǰǿ߶ǰϹսĺĵش
ģϹսĺĵشҲγһĳǳء
ȻȻǳغܴȻʵȴܶ࣬ΪִܹϹսܹϹս֮ģҲؾĸ֡
ʵ̫ûа취Ϲս档
öֳ֮˲ͬ


2273 չز
˵Ϲս֮УȻ򾳼ĸ򣿡ƷЩɻĿʵ
ΪһͷǵĿ֪һ飬ΪȣϹս֮Уɲֻؾĸ֣оȻ򾳼ĸ֡
ǵģˣǹԹԵ˵Ҫɾжɣ³ƷһһƾͰˡ
ؾΪѰܹ򾳵İ취̾ΪΣƷʵ
һͷǺĴԴ¶˼ԻĿЦȻ󿪿˵ˣЩؾʿҪ򾳵ĸֵ򣬿򾳣Щ򾳼ʿҲҪЩ򾳵ĸ򣡡
һͷǿųƷȻƷѹǱӲ֪Ӽ
Ʒһ٣ȻϾΪʲôˡ
֮ǰûпǹ⡣
ѰĶ콾Ҫ뽫е۷Ҳֻʱѣܲܵ⣬ֻʲôʱ⡣
˵򾳸ļޣǵļޡ
ȻÿַԼ򾳵򣬳̫ʱ䣬ԸԼһһļǿк
Ƕͨǿ˵ܹ򾳣Ѿĳɷˡ
Ҫһߵߣϼѡ
һӶ˿Ĵ
ǲò취Լֱӽ򾳼ĸֵɣȻǿԼЧķ
ҲǱȽ֮Чİ취
ΪˣкܶоԼͻ򾳼ĸֶǰѰ򾳼ĸֵǲ֮еְء
ö֮򾳼ĸԽԽ࣬ҲͳΪ򾳸Ǿۼĵط
Ϲս֮еһĳǳأҲͳΪЩ򾳸ֵء
ؾϹսֻͨ˳ƷΪֲĴ֮⣬ؾϹսֻܹ֮õ򾳼ֵ򣬻пܲһȻ򾳡
ãûа취򾳡
ף⻹֮·̫¡
ƷȻͿԿ򾳣ʶļ޵ˣݱܲЩͨеѡ
ԭˣ
Ʒ˵
ӦúѰҵЩ򾳼ֵ˰ɣ
ǵ˵޴ԴȻ󿪿˵ˣСϹսǻϰˣͷһο򾳸µżʹ˳ͻСǹѽ
æϻ̳Ͽֵ˵³ƷΪ̫裬ͽɱˡ
и֮Ϊһ򾳸µĺ˭֪Ȼһֲɷǡ
Լղĵһ㣬־ͱָץˡ
νľ콾ô
һͷϲұ¶ȴڲϵİԼʵ̫ˣЩ콾Ҳֲ̫ˡ
ǰ־콾̫ˣûûǳ֣Բ֪Щ콾ܹͬǿᵽز
ΪˣҲ֪Ʒ֮УҲһһǿᣬ޵еĴڡ
Ʒ˵ͷϹսô꣬ٶ򾳸ҲӶˡ
ʣµļһЩҲһЩ깵ĵطҪҵһ͵Ȼûô򵥵ġ
ѹһͷǻϰ˶ûҵһ
ţû˵ѣܺãĻҵƷŴ˵
СңСҰ
æ˵
ֻҪƷɱһж˵
Ȼˣ߰ɣ˵һ·Ʒ˵
ڵ˵һͷǸ첻ʲôвɱֻǳƷһͷˡ
ģǵɴ۾Ҳû뵽ƷǾȻôɵľͷŹ
ôҪɱ㲻ɣƷһЦ¶˼ĮЦݡ
ҲңлˣСǣ
˵꣬һͷɴ⣬ֱӲһݹ⣬ƽûеٶʧʡ
Ҫչز򣡡Ʒ˵һһз紵ݶң
ǣ񵱼ֱӷɳ˳Ʒļ򣬷˸߿֮УʼѲһƬΪƷ
ƷһֻץֱץסѾʵ廯򣬵ƷҪץɽͼĿռ֮֮ʱȻ֣Ȼɢ
ƷæɽͼĿռ֮Уȹ


2274 Ļ
ܽ뿪ϹսĿռˣƷ⣬ܿˣЩܹʵʻĳϹս֮УӦǺϹս֮еĳһЩֱӵĹϵ
һ뿪ϹսĿռ䣬ЩͲܹЩϣͻᵼЩȻȻɢ
е鷳ˣƷüͷ΢漴неؾûа취
վǲɽͼĿռ֮аȫ
һҲųƷϣܲͻһǧĸϣڣ˭˵ҪͻƵ򾳲ſͻһǧ򣬳Ʒƫƫа
ԴʼпʼѾ˲֪еĳʶΪֹһˡ
ʱĻԽοķԽ࣬δܳԼʱҲԽ
ͬʱϹսĴһ޴ޱȵĳǳսģΰĳǽϣ߲ѪϡɼսĲп᳡
ڳǳ֮еһۡУһӰԶ
ǰһξҪõǵˣҪǵһΣܺڳϹϵĻڵķҲǺͷ۵ģ뻺˵
ǰһݿʵˣһۣԴһɲŭơ
˿ˣ»Ϊ𾪣˾ȻǺպɢޣɢˡ
ɢ֮ҲǴԼĺպĴڣֻһûܹ
ֻ˶û뵽ɢ˾ȻֱӵĹϵ
˲֪ǹȴ֪ģһϹս֮ǰѾ֮еʦϹս֮Уܹõʲô
ɢ˱֮һ
һѾ򾳼ĸ֣֮УҲΪ֮Ŀһ֣˵Ϲս֮У˵ǾһɾԵ
ɢ˱ڰ֮һרŰڴһЩ洦飬һЩûа취ֱ顣
ɢֻǿһ۹룬Ҳ⣬ڱ϶֪ʲôС
ʵϣֻԼ֪ڵİĻһɢ޶ѣһЩУҪ򾳵ĵزΪĸ֮һԺʮЩƽƽ
ǲܵģ
ɢô׳ɲŵĻҲȿֺҪʮˣֻʮţпֲεĸ֡
ǿڲƴ۵֧֣ܹеһΪۣҲҪΪڳִһЩ㴦顣
ԣҪҪܹаԴ˵ͷ˵Ʒ˵ӦöڷڷǳҪһɱˣʱڿ²ưոݣҪҵطܱܷͷ
ʮ侲˵Լʵ֪Լ޵еʵ
ʵҲֻ֮еĳһˣƲ޵УȻĳ˵Ժͷڵ˾ͽһƽƽλá
ȻˣԼҲԼ˾ͽ֮Ĳ࣬ʵĲ࣬ǵλرĲࡣ
黹ߵĻʱʢŭ֮µ˾ͽʲô飬Ҳ˵
ɲʲô˾ͽǷڵҪ˼Ӱ֮ĻֻЩͨһŻ˼ʲôӰ졣
˷ȻʲôӰ죬Ҫ˵Ӱ죬ԼӰ죬һ֮ҡµĿֲӰ
û⣬ӵ꣡뵱ʮִ˵ֻҪܹƷЩԴʲô
Ȼ㹻һ򾳵ĸֶԱչԴܶ࣬ڵĵҲûôɿó
ǹȴΪֻҪܹɱƷڣЩ۸ʲô
ɱƷΪƷ֮ĳԹ¼г˺ʤͬɳһ㣬㶼㲻
оâڱǳƷľʵ׾ٵĺɱҹ˫
ʵһɳȻ֮С
ã﹫ӹȻˬ죡ɢ¶ֻϲ飬ڱĲãǳãִ󷽣
ôҵ֪ػԼҲûа취ݳ䣬ҪҵҪѲٵʱ䣬ǱҪܳԼͻƽ֮ǰɱ򾳣ˡֱԣǳ򾳣ҲĶ֣¶˼ֽ֮ɫ˵


2275 ҪɱƷ
ȻɱڣǹȴûпȥͳƷʵƷȷʵһǳǿĶ֡
ؾʱ򣬼޵Уһ֮󣬿¾˿ˡ
Ϊˣ֪ƷĿ֮ôɳĻǶһ
ɢҲûм־⣬ϾǿԴɢûܿ򾳡
Ͷ콾൱Ĳ࣬˵Щˡ
ͨ˺ľֱһϵһľ޴󣬱˵ǳƷ뵽򾳣һʵʮ־ˣҪɢҲʲô¡
ԶԶ֮ϵĳƷˡ
УֻҪóƷһ򾳣ô½ݣǼûа취ǿƵĳƷǡ
һõģɢŵ˵һƬϹսҵĵ̣ԶԶǵȫԽвȾȥʱȫ綼ѰȻնɱ
˵ͷ֪һֵĴڣֻҲ׵ưոݡ
ճƷٶȿȥֻ³Ʒò˶þͻΪǵĸ֮ΪѹͷһУʱ¡
˵ĳƷ˵ʵĻҲζţҪֵˣֻһңҪʲôֻҪϢȥʱȻ˰಻ס֡Ǹʱ򣬳ƷҲѣ
ɢ˻˵
ò˶ãƷҲͶ
Щɻʵô֪Ͷ
ɢ΢΢һЦȻ󿪿˵ԭǳ򵥣ΪϹն֮ʣµʵʻѾ˰
ôӶᣬַ׷׹ˣٲҵĴս˹ٶĶ֣ôӶҲϹս⻷֮ɢһˣɢ˵ϹսΧĵѾҲˣƷҪͻƵĻ϶ҪѡϹսĺĵشҲֻһǳǻδƽ⣬ֻڳǳصΧѲӣѰܹһǳصĽĻᣬҲϹսĺģ
ˣ
ʱƣЦҲ˵ֻҪƷôͶôһߣôưոݣֻҪһ֣ϾͻΪʸ֮ģĻôΪϹսıԵԸû򾳣ܹ򾳣ûϹս֮еʵʻİĽҲ൱ޣԶԶǻҪ󣡡
Сжϵķǳȷɢ˵˵ͷ˵
Ȼ۳ƷôQһ
ⲻıΪıһԱ⣬ıȴǹģûа취ܹܣܹܵķûУֻѡǻ߲ǡ
ܺãһοˣ뻺˵
ˡֱԣȻСѵʮ־ˣеʣǲԽеϣڱ˵ϣԹˣֻԼǿģǲǿɢ˿˵
һͨˣµͻΪɢ˵Ļֱӷ
ǹϾˣֻǵ˵ͷȻ˵ףһνϹսɱƷǴҪ飬Ҫøǿ󡣡
ȻҲ֪Ļʳ͢ڵλϾʲôԸôĴҲҪλϹս϶ԭϣץʱУһ򣬽Ʒ飬ͽɢ˵
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ЩĶ󣬾Ȼڲָ֪֮˳Ʒ
˵֮ǰ̨սֻóƷµĻôڲ鱦֮ǰҹ˫óƷʵʵĴš
ҲΪжд̡
Щδ־޵е𣬸ǽ˱Ҫ򵹵ĵһˡ
ҪɱƷһСϢʼж콾ˣɵ÷׷Ŀ
ɱƷ̫ˣֻǲ֪˭ѣ
֮дҲҪƷġ
һɹɰƷ¼ʼƵϹս֮
ʲôһ֮նɱߴ֣
һʵɲ⣬˵һǧ򣬾򾳵ĸҲԿ⣿
˰ڵǳ˲õ


2276 һ꣬ƶ
һ仰ƷˣڸƵϹս֮Уߺˡ
ƷҲֻЩĶ콾֮ڼĸҲʼע⵽˳ƷĴڡ
Ϲսһյս࣬к壬壬壬嶼ûһƬս֮ϡ
Щؾĸ֮ϣǻһѾ뵽򾳵ľ֡
Щ򾳵ĸ֣һ𣬶֮ϵľ뢼
ɢޣҲӵѰ
ֺ콾ݺϹս֮УƷռһ֣һߺ졣
ҲΪˣŻΪ˵жд̡
ѾһЩͷڽõĸֳ棬ȻƲסƷΪ籩ġ
ʵΪƷֳս̫ˡ
һ֮նɱߴ𣬻Ǵ˵Ѿһǧ顣
Ϊʸ֮ģ
һǧǲԼİˣһǧôĵزҲţ
һƻ˵Ļţ
Σ˼Ȼ࣬ǾǵУԲԺúóɳ
ϢԽԽ㣬嶼ѾŵʱѾƲסǷܹƵ˵ģϹս֮УҲֻĳһѣ߱ѹԵơ
һʱ䣬Ϲսеפ֮⣬Ѿۼ˲ٵӰͳͳǳųƷ
ڵ˰֮Ƿ֣ûгƷһǰϢ
Ȼ˲ڵõϢƷѹûнפڵսȻҲҲƷ䡣
һʱ䣬ϹսʼѰ˳Ʒ䣡
˵ƶ֮£ĸҲѰҳƷ֮С
ڳƷδɳޣδͻƵ֮ǰնɱ
ģҲͳΪһɷ糱
Ϲսֵĺ֮£һµʱ䣬Ʒ͵һα˷֡
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뻤Ľ񱬷һսȻˣҲɴ˱¶٣ַָ
ͬһһĳˮһ㲻ϯ
ʱգۼ䣬ֹȥһʱ䡣
ƷһĶ콾ϹսҲѾһʱ䡣
һʱ֮УЩңԶʱǰĹŴ콾չֳ˾춯ص츳
ЩԭϹս֮ݺĸǵһ˽⵽ʲôп¡
ϹսѾѰӶῪܶ꣬ʣµʵʻѾʣ࣬ЩҲǸĹؼڡ
£ЩŴ콾͵ЩҲ˾޴ĳͻ
ĸּĽڽڰˣȫЩŴ콾Ķ֡
ЩŴ콾ܹﵽϹսģҲǶ콾лǿÿһ֮ͬеٮٮߡ
ͬؾǾؾе޵дڡ
֮ԵЩ֣Ƕ಻ֻͨţͨ콾Ƕ콾Ҳûм
֮ͬУЩŴ콾࿹⡣
ЩŴ콾ÿһѹһʱĿֲڣָֺǵĶ֣ᱻǴɾ
ԶԶЩŴ콾Ҫ࣬Ҳᱻֱӻ
ͬһ磬˸Ƕ֡
ѰҲǳȺһȥһ˳ȥͻᱻϹ콾Χɱɱ
Ǹ޻֮
Ŵ콾ᣬȻҲ˵ʱֵķ߿ǸûôЩŴ콾أر˿֡
ֵռ䱻һѹʱǲף֮ǰǶôҸЩŴ콾ȫǶ֡
ǹŴ콾ڲҲϣ嶼ͬ໥ӲпᣬĻͱֱӸϳȥˡ
һֱ󾪶Ϲս򾳸֣Щֳ棬ɱ˲ٵĹŴ콾ùŴ콾ǵõѹơ
ҲףⲻֻʱѹסЩŴ콾ѡ
ЩŴ콾ձ鶼ֻؾδһ򾳣ԵĸֻѹƵǣռЩơ
һЩŴ콾׷׿֮ôͻȫߵ
Щ֣ѹЩŴ콾ҪĹаְ֡
ЩؾЩϾѾɼһߡ
ˣҲûа취Ͼ츳̫ԶˣЩŴֻʮôϹսϵĸֶΧˣǵвɱҡ
ȻƫƫЩŴ콾̫࣡


2277 ɱ
ൽҲûа취κεǵĵز
˫츳ϵĲֱ࣬ر𣬸һϡ
˼ҪԿûа취ֻܸ̾褺
Ҫ֪Ѿ֮ͬеľţЩǸ޻֮
ЩŴ콾֮еӼ֣˼˽ɵֶΣشһҪɱ򾳵ĸ֮ȥ
˿Щ콾Ŀ£޷⣬ûа취Լǵĳɳ
ʱƣЩ콾һ˵ٶȳɳԽԽĶ콾ҵϹŸ
ͨһ콾𣬼ڲϵĴԼڴĸ
Щͬʱ˽вЩŴ콾ȺĿʼͬʱҲȺġ
֮ǰ콾ս֮кеһ֯Ϲս֮ҲٶȻָ˹
ȺսõĸֿĿɿڴ
ȻδͻƵ򾳣ȷʵѾͻ˸Եļޡ
ԭ콾ļ޾ٵ򣬵ŲĹ֮Щ콾Ѿͻٵļޡ
ţٵİٵٵķڳ̡
ֲĻЩڵõЩϹŸֵвֱ֮Ӿͻٵٵ߰ٵ˰ٵŰٵĸǴ
Ĺƽʱһʱʱδܳһͳͳ˵ǰ
ЩϹʱŴ콾Ⱥ嶼ľɱ䡣
ﵽõֶ˵ľ磬Ѿƾʵ򾳸ֵȫ˵ӡ
֮ǰǼǲܵġ
һǰ򾳵ĸ֣콾ˣҲҪеĵƣһԵĽֶβп
мĲֻ࣬һ꣬ѾõֶѾˡ
һЩ˶ǹɵ뷨
ϹսһǳصϢڣ൱ĸָոմӽ֮зأһ
икջϹս̫֮ĸ֣ǲֻ֮һѣиַҩطеȵȣ缫ΪĶ
ЩϹŵĸ֣Ҳؾ򾳣һԿһһ
Ѷȡ
Щ䣬ĺöȻҲЩߡ
ЩŴ콾̫ǿˣֱǹʱ˵ǻƽǶҵ˵ֱǺڰĩһƵ˵
ĸ֣κһʱ֮жףǸ߸ϵĴڣ͹̥ڵʱֱ·ߵҰݣ˼̤ʱһƴ˽аְ֡
ֱǹƽʱһʱһѾǳ˲ˣ˭֪ЩϹȻԷ⵽ڣһһֲ
֮ǰּλҪɱһŴ콾˭֪ɱֻһӳ룬ܴ裡
һƵ˵
һʼʱ򣬵ĸֻûʶЩŴ콾Ŀ£ҪɱЩŴ콾ԻңԶʱǰе˲
󲿷˶ģϾңԶʱǰĴУܹõĻҲĻԵǶЩѾеͷûа취һ˵
ѵĲˣЩŴ콾ʵжֵ֣ʲôвǡ
򾳼ĸ֣˭̨
Ŵ콾ᣬǵҲûкõĶȥǱѵ̫ң˭ưոݡ
Уֲϵ䣬Ŵ콾ȻҲбնɱģ˵ëǡ
֮õĸû֮ǰЩ뷨
ǵĻ۶ѾˣӦöԹܳԼˣǶûѡ񹹼ȻҪһͻƼް˸п
˸Ȼ뷽跨ҲѹܳԼûǰİæ˵Ҫ򾳼ǲܵġ
ЩŴ콾ȴȵĿ򾳣ƫƫôѡ񣬶ҪϵĴԼĸ۵ķԽ࣬һͻƵ򾳣ʵҲԽǿ
˭ףֻǶ˵ܹܳͲˣﻹеôġ
ǾôˣһͻƵ򾳣ֻЩ˶ѹסǣ˵
ѹǣǸʱŲţЩ˿϶һʱϹս֮ǰǳֵ˲ˣЩŴ콾ѵǺƢôֻͣȴͻƶѣ


2278 Ⱥ
˶ףһȵЩŴ콾ͲסҪʼͻƵʱ򣬾Щѹƹǵ򾳵ǿܿѵˡ
ν콾κһζǵ콾ǰĴڣκһڱʱɳǶؼľ֡
һʱطƾ
жཾ˶ף
Щ˶Գ֮Ϊ֮ϵĸǴǿߣһȺЩŴ콾Ƕһ޶ģʶǿ
˵ЩʱֻҪȻǿӹɡ
ѹЩˣʵҲʱ򣬶Ѱ쵽οͬľ磬Щ콾һ˵ٶȳԽǵĶ֣ǵĶֲڽ¡
ǵĶֻб˴ˣûǡ
Ǹʱ򣬿ЩҪĸ߸ϵĴҪˡ
ڻ˸ҴѹЩôЩˣҪôѾֹͣѹжҪôѾǰЩ˸п˵褺Ϊʲôʱ֮г
һϢϢ
أ˴Ϣڣ
˵Ŀⶼ˹
ʲôϢôզզģѵʲôǰһսɣ˵
ȻǣǸڵĵӣƷˣһ֮һɽͷ֮ϣҪȺ۵սæ˵
ʲô˵ľ񶼲ɵΪ֮һ񣬶ڳƷԭ˽ģһ֮УҲ˽ˡ
Ǿķ
һʱ䣬ԳƷΧ׷½ص˺ܶ࣬ǰ̣Щĸ֣ҲйŴ콾ּսϣѾ򾳵ĸǴгͼҪɱƷ
ǱƷɱǱƷߣ׷ɱ˿ʼԽԽࡣ
һ׷ɱ֮УƷʵҲЩ콾Ƿﵽ˴˵еһǧû֪˶֪ǣ϶ѾԽӦеļޣٵ
ֻˣѾ˵ˡ
ЩŴ콾֮УҲһʼ𽥷תΪЩŴ콾Ҳ𽥿ʼͻԭеĽޡ
ԭΪǼ޵ĳ̶ȱЩŴ콾ϵͻƣϵĴԭļ¼
ԭһǧǸ߲ʣܴﵽġ
ƺҲͲϡˣѾкüϵѾһǧ
Ƕ콾ҲвѾٵһһǿᣬȻδͻ֮ǰ
˶󣬵һŴ콾һ׷ͻƵؾǺεȿµ顣
Ϊˣԭع⻷ĳƷҲûôˣҲͱƽӹ
ĥʯһŻҪնɱƷʹԼĴԲ
ƺƷĴѾΪһֱ׼Ψлܹپ
ֻһֱҲƷ䣬żҵƷټҲ
˶֪Ʒ߸ŵһֻҲһһ֮ҲԳۡ
˵̫ʮ֮һĽĴѪᣬʵ֮ǿ
ڳƷڱ׷ɱһ֮ƺ̲סҪӦսȺۡ
˶Ȥ׷̤Ŷݹ⳯һһɽͷǰ
һľȸֶԣʲôƬ֮Ѿһɽͷ
ɽͷ֮ϣƷ̤֮У·죬ֶͬһؼoһ㡣
ļϣһֻԼĪȭͷСС˵ע⣬ǽ
Ȼһʱ䣬ѵʲôտԿЩٵĸǴ콾ô
֮ݺµΪڿѾԶԶˣҪٺ͵ǰɱķѾǲܵˣ
·һ̫ҪɱˣЩ򾳵Ĵǣ֣ܳ
˻𾪵ʱ͵һӱ˺ѿһֻ޴ޱȵצ֮˺˳ݺݵسųƷץ
Ʒδ֣֮ϵĽһȫһ˵Ĺâһӻһֻ޴צ
ʲô˿ǼֱСɽһ޴צ²űǺεȿֲޡ
һѷıһ޴ޱȵӰֳ˷֣ǾȻһһ޴ޱȵ
һͨɫǧףһɽһӴ󣬼Ϊֲ
ԣ
Ѿϳһֻ޴ޱȵʲôȻһԡ
һеһ֧ҲǱȽϳǰ֮һһͷȻҲһ֮еٮٮߡ


2279 ԣˣ
˶֪һ壬ңԶǰ֮еһ壬ֻҪ˳ζ콾ĵȼеٮٮԴﵽ콾ĲΡ
ͬʱԱϲѪһ֮е˲ǿȺô٣ǳ֮ࡣ
彻֣һ嶼Գ䵱ͷ۵壬û֮һ
ԭһߣƾѪҲҳҵǰһ࣬ҵıǹȥأҵ鷳ƷЦЦǰһͷԡ
һͷԲǾ콾ĳ̶ȣҲٵ򣬺һǰЩ޼
ѾˣһǰЩ𶼲ǰֻһʱ䣬Ŵ콾˾޴ͻƣΪͻͽ
ھȻԶԼ鷳

Եһ˫޴֮˸˵׹⣬¼ݺᣬ֮ͬѷ֣ʲôʱôС
οվһôȻĻʳ֮еֻǿ˭Ҳ
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䣡
䣡
Իѷ֮˳ÿһţ֮УضΪ֮ҡ
𣡡
һ޴ŭĿȻ𣬿ֲȫ֮ð˳һ޴ޱȵĹ
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Χ۵ĵַ׷׺ˣֻ̫ˣһͷԼԽǺɨ
޴ĹܿͳСɽһĴСɲǼ䣬ѾɨγһµĹ
֮Ϊ֮ɫشһ޴ޱȵĿն
Ϲս֮еĿռ̫ˣ˿Աؾĸ׵˺ѡ
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˶ɴ۾ҪƷӰ
Ȼ֪ƷʵӦòôֻҲܰɣ
ɢȥȫͬƷǵûвܣ෴ģһĻûа취ơ
ƷӲվǵĿⶼΪ֮ɫĿֲһ
ֻĳ̶ôҲҵ鷳ǲ֪ߵغ񣡡ƷЦһʵһǰ𶼲ӣԳƷǣǲԶˡ

һͷһ޴ξȻ˲ʧԭأȫ޴εɳ̶ɲǼѾ˳ƷǰȻһצӳųƷץȥ
ն˺ѿһ޴ѷ죬͵һӳųƷķ
أ
һû£Ʒһ̧־͵סֲһ
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·ʲô΢һ
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ţ˾ֻ˿ֲһĻһͷ޴ޱȵԵͷ­ȻƷ׾ٵһȭ飬ѪԽ鿴˿
һͷ޴Ҳһֻץʩչ˴Сͨ׳ĴС
ҲˣһûԹأ˵⣬¿⣬ȻӦҲĶȥ
ƷЦЦȻʼ˻ѿʼϴɾ˻Ͽ
ԭһͷԵΪȥˣѰĻҲܿĶƷȻһˣƬ̼ĹһͷԾѾˣ˵ζ
Ũ֬ϵĵ䵽ʱķž
ڵСˣ
ĿɿڴĿǰһĻһͷԵһȺ˵ԱƷһȭɱȻȻڻϸˡ
ʲôҲ̫ײ˰ɣ
˶ʱһ಻ָǸо׹ߡ
ǻ̲ס鶯һ±ӣҲ̫˰ɣ
ųƷ˺һӸ֮Լ˺һȣã˲ɵһڿˮ
һͷԵ̺֮ǳһڣܹΪŲСİ
һ˶ĿųƷԸˣֻʣһЩͷںĴ˸á
ζȻóԣһһʳģ㿾һζ´ζɱͷһ£ֱ̣ƷЦ˵ΪԻ۹Ļһ̣ˡ
Ļʱֲûŵתܡ
ôײУࣿ


2280 ο
ƷײнָܶŵùǺһͷǿԾȻƷĴˣȻϴɾˡ
ײеģƺûôײеģ
֮м˳˵ĸҲûôײеļһ
Ʒǿɣʵôһȫ𼸸ΣȻҲֻо콾̶ȵܹԸ˵ġ
ܽᡣ
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һʵͬǾ춯أ
ֻ֮ǰ˾׷ͻ˼ޣﵽǰδеĵزԲԵóƷôֻͣǺ޼
ǼǺ޼ڹŴ콾֮ҲȻһ
Ͼھ콾֮УȻֻ֮е
ܹѹģ»˸ûпԣ
˵Ʒľ˱ҲĳЩĵ˲òеĳЩ뷨
ȻƷΣǿԶԸ˵ӡ
Ʒǰ
أʱһԶһҵţ˾ֻһӰһƥһȣɲǼ䣬ѾңԶĵط˵ǰ
̧ͷһȴһƤװĸߴݴӣһƥͨѩɫͬѩһı
˳ԾǣһݴӣµıȻҲؾΪһΪͬǾ춯ء
һЩ콾ɣԼ㲻û򲻹һƥ
˵ѰؾĸˣǸоһȺΧδһƥĶ֣ܹһƥˣȻǺȻ
һģ
Ʒֻ쿴ݴӣϳװ磬Ǳеװ硣
λݵı棬Ǽֵ궼ڱѩĸ֮£Ǳߵ˴ҲԭʿзǳĲͬ
ӿҲѰĺˣǺ֮ѵһһΪԽļޣȻѾﵽ˰˰ٶĳ̶ȡ
𵱳ЩֺɵˣҲ˿ˣֻǿǸ
Ȼһĸ֣ǺĴ̵Ľ͢ĸ֣Ʒͱ˵ӣҲû˿Ķݣֻǵ˵
ڱΪݣǴĻʳ϶ˣĻʳ֮кܶڱļء
ڱҲİԭĴĻʳͬΪĴķ֮Ϊǿģֱ̼Ϊ
˵ִľȨ˺Ĵ֮⣬廹һڽ̣̣һͬ͢Ǹƣĸֻ֣ʵҪ
˵ڱ֮еĵλ൱ڴĻʳʮĴڡ
˵ڴĻʳ֮ĸֻпܲʮĻôڱ֮Уֵĸһ֮һ
ԳƷŻῪһġ
Ҫ׳ʲôϢΪز׳ʲôϢûκ塣
мּʶĴ֮һöֻӣöֻɳˣһЦųƷ˵
ԭǺĴ֮һöֻһĸ֣Ʒ˵ͷöֻһǺĴ֮һв֪꣬в֪жٸ֣Ǹơ
öֻɳȻһöֻӣӦǰĳһӣȻĻƷӦӡ
ϾԶǾķĽ紦뱱֮ҲٵĽ
˵˽ƳΪ콾֮еĵһˣҿɽϻӳƴѣ
öֻɳ˵˵
ҪԴؽͣãҽնɱȥͽ𣡡ɳ¶˼˷ܵ飬ѹûнǰĳƷ֮гһֱϢ
ƷɳˣοգԱжɣͻȻѣ
ȫû뵽Ʒɳ˵ʱȻ˵Ļֱȫûɳ˷
Ʒ̫ˣöֻɳ˿ɲʲô֮ҳ֮ûжʱŹĴ˵ڵ޵֣˵ͬˣǱһˣҲȫ̧ͷͲĶ֣
йŴ콾˵뵽ԼŹɳ˵Ĵţһ֮ѹƵľ콾ȫ̧ͷǵ֮


2281 
Ȼղһ˵öֻɳҪǿ̫̫ˡ
ǲ֪ƾ㣿öֻɳ˸߸ϣ˵ɱͯ˾ΪѾ޵ˣҾһ£Ϊڻʱô
ʱöֻɳ˶ˣµĿһ˻·ֲһѳգһâֱӳųƷ˹
ֻû䣬һк֮ǰ²Ĳ࣬öֻɳ˿µսѾȵľ˶ҪĶˡ
ٲֵ֮⣬˭ܹסһƥս
µսٵ򣬼ֱ˵
һƥֲ׵ĿϮֱͬһɽֱײһ
ɲǼѾ˳Ʒǰ
ٶȿ죬죬죡
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öֻɳҲһӳˣɲǼ䣬϶һ޴ޱȵ趯ֱӽؿռ䶼ѣȻ͵һӳųƷݺݵ
һͷʵˣ˿ƷԴҪֱղʰһԵһֻͬĶ˽ڳƷ˶ѡ
ʱ򣬳ƷһӶˣ˫ųΪȻĹâ޾֮֮ͷ˳
ɲǼ䣬ؼ·һӱѵĩɽ緢Хʯײأָͳͳݡ
Ʒ˫֮бĿֲ֮ضΪѵĩöֻɳ˵ڼгƷʱȴ·֮һǰ
ֲǣһɿֲΰһ֮ϣһȻһһѿ
أ
һ޴ĺ֮һ޴ܹһɽȻ˿
ɲǼ䣬ѾƬ˷ȥ
˶ʱ׷׳ǰķֺͷ磬ⱻƬ˺ˡ
ʵ̫ˣ½ֻƬѣȻܹ硣
˶ֻޱȵңΪԼӦĿ죬ĻԼĻƬûа취κεˡ
ʲôʣ˿Ʒ֮б֮ʮֵԣȻѰͨӦʲܹӵеľ˵ʡ
ɣһ˫۾ܾúܾǰѾˣһ£ϾͷӦ˹һ˫ʲô
ǶѾˣһʱһ˫ܹشѡ
ֻ۾ڹʷ֮ʵ̫ˣ˶ֻţȴû
⻹ͷһʡ
ô֮ǰûκεһ鱨ᵽ˿˵
ȷʵ֮ǰûκһƷûġ
صҲ̫ˣȻֶΣ֮ǰǾ˵Ǳôôỹôģ˲˵ʣǷʡ
ǿƷôߺüء
˵ѪǿаԼ
뵽һµĲ²⣬˵ĻôƷ¾ͻΪждˡ
ϾǾʱ򣬶ҪĵĽУѼЩͷѪ
ΪҲ֪һϢعȥֻ̾ͻΪʸ֮ġ
Щӵķʣʵĸ̾ͻоâڱƫƫЩ˲ǾĸҲδŵϣ
ǿԵǵľôµĴҲǲһġ
ҲֻһЩ²ѣںܶ˵Ĳ࣬Ѿ㹻ˡ
˵ڵľͺʣˣƷ;֮ôĻ˵Զ󿪣뵽һ˵飬ǲ֪飬ǵĲ²Ѿǳӽʵˡ
ܣƷӦû֮УҸڵ˵Ӧڽ޳Ｔ棬ҲӦڳƷŶԣ
Ͼ˿ڷ˵
ڳƷ֮ǰֽԵ̫԰ˣڳٺйأڵĵٿƷ֮гżֺ˵ɱ⡣
ǲǳƷģǿûʲôֱɱŹ
ñС˳Ʒ
۷׷֮ʣƷڶˣָȭȻ͵һȭ
һȭᴩ˳գһ˲ͺ䵽öֻɳ˵ǰ
ۣ
öֻɳһѪ˲䵹˳ȥ


2282 öֻɳ
ȭͬգգöֻɳﵲסһȭƷһȭֱӽ˳ȥ
ֻöֻɳϵķԻȻ󱻳Ʒһȭıѿ
˻һƬһƷһȭȻܹ黯ķıѡ
Ѿ˻Ϊʵĳ̶ȣ
ΪʵǡǡѾ򾳵ĸֲܹľ硣
ʵ֮䣬ɵת򾳸ֵ
ΪǲڵģõתΪʵ֮е򾳸ֲž߱ǿʵ
ʵ֮ϣԭֻķϣȷʵ𾪡
ֱӹ򣬱һȭǻ˵ã뵽һֲһ㣬óƷ֣²ֱӽǴҲ׾ٵĽڵķȫ飬Ǳɷˡ
û۳ķ򣬿ǵΪᱩһ˵ĳ̶ȡ
ͬڵöֻɳһֻɲǼϢѾ˲ֹһˡ
Ϊڵķ򱻳Ʒһȭıɢ
̫̫
Ʒöֻɳһۣ˸߿֮Уһ͵ؼ̤ȥ
¡
һ̤˲񷣬ݺݵ䵽öֻɳ˵ϡ
öֻɳԭݺ䵽ϣδüӦȴһֻ̤˵֮ϡ
ȻȳһԲ׵Ĵӡ
еöֻɳȻѾֱӲˡ
ÿ£Ǵ˵µһ˵ʵô˲ɵ𾪵˵˵֮ǰ˲Ʒµһʵô飬ﻹ˿Ĳ
ʵΪƷ̫ǿˣöֻɳ۳˰ٵһΪѾǵǷ켫ѰؾöֻɳһȭסȴסƷһȭ
ʵ˺εȵزˣѵѾ޵еĽ׶ô
ܣҲţһǧҲӵѹԵƣ
޵У˭ܵ
۷׷ףڳĸɫѾÿϾô֮жôһֶ˵ʣʲô¡
Ʒնɱöֻɳֱ֮ӽѪͳͳս֮С
ڣѾηˣڵΪ뿪Ϲսʱ򣬱ȻѾܳԼ¼ҲǾĴڡ
Ǹʱ򣬼Ҳûʲôµġ
㱩¶Լݣ֪Σ
ܹκεԼô
ϮɱԼһΣԼܣҲƷӶᣬһһӦˬ
öֻɳ˵Ѫ֮󣬳Ʒоǿˡ
ƷʱףΪʲôͻ᲻ϵϮɱЩʵ콾ˡ
ΪҪٳɳ˿Ĳ֮⣬ٶȺʣǲϵϮɱЩ壬ǵѪ⻯Ϊá
ƷҲֻǾ͵һĿѡ
ڳƷ˵Ҳֻǰһֶζѡ
öֻɳ˵һƥûбƷɱǱסֱһӡץɽͼĿռ֮С
Żô
˭ܿԳһսƷ˵
ѵҪսȺô
¼ĸô࣬Բֻһѣѵͳͳܻô
Һڼ֤ʲô˵Ĵڵĵ
ޱ֮Уֻһϵĸִʱֻɫ䣬˵ԭֻǻɳƷܾܿǽ޳նɱ˾͵ڵĻ
ôھͼѾȷˣƷǽ޳ûбĿܣӦǴӾ͵Ӷġ
ʣžžĴڵ棬ƫƫް취
ǰ̫ǿˣǿ˼һԵķӵҲûκʤ㡣
ڴʱԶ֮УһƹһȺӰѾ˵ǰ
Щÿһ˶ͬСһ㣬ͻһҰ˵·ȴƾ֮ơ
ˣƷһȺˣʣЩ˵ĴģǴ˵еˡ
ͱĺһԭҲ࣬ΪԭǱߣǨϷʮɽ֮Уŷʮɽ֮еа
ӴԺ󲻽Լ࣬γһȫµ壬ˡ
֮ÿÿϿ۹أڴĻʳв̶˵ڱ֮¡
һΪǿ壬ֻǺͱֳĴͬϷǷֳʮÿһһʵΪӴ
ʮ֮⣬ʤ䣬ǿ塣


2283 ߹ԼҲ͹˳Ʒ
Щ˵ĵҲڳĵ˲ߣȻϹս֮УǱ˴֮Թû˶٣Ϊĳͻˡ
Ϊ˿ڵ⣬۹ϽСȻϴԳΪһˣһὫЩ˵ڻҲϵĳŴĻʳķߡ
˵ҲôĻʳͷ⣬˶ЩûʲôøС
Ȼ࣬ȴŷʮɽ֮еа񣬸Լ࣬ѾħһĶеҲаа
ƷʱЩ֮УһӰڶȴһɫ֪Ƥĸߴݴӡ
ȻЩ˵䣬˶󣬽С
ǳƷʮеһĵӣʸ֪֣Ʒ˵
ǿЦһԴ֮ǸЦЦ˲񷡣û뵽νµһȻôһɫʵ̫ʧˣҲãʡĵʱ˵ɱ˶֪˭
ǻƶڰʮٶκɣǸЦЦ
Ȼԭ˵ģȻӣѾħˡ
ֻ֤ԭ˶ѣ֮зǳ࣬֡
κɣе˼ƷЦЦˡ
ЩȻƶ֮еٮٮߣһؾĸ֣κɣһΪǺˣղűƷնɱöֻɳ˻Ҫǿ࣬ȻѾ˳Űٵ
ȻصĺܺãȻƷ۾ġ
ʵڵ֮ͬȷʵԺУѹָƷ
Ȳ˵ƷǷͬһǧ
ҼƷһǧŰٶҲδػĶȥ
ƷԼ˵Ҳнһ˼
ǼȻҪǾһɣ˷ʱˣ
Ʒ˵
һĳƷҼʷԭˣκ죬¶˼Цݣ˵
ڳƷνµһͷȻνʱӢ۷ʹӳУӢۣƷֻһӰˡ
ʲôƷһǧǲŵģʣټƶƴ۵֧֣ҲϹս֮İ֮£ͻļޣƽһǧ˵меļޡ
Ʒƾʲôܹô࣬һ˴ҥԶѡ
ֻҥҲںΪֻҪƷԴֻҪгƷԴͿһǮȥȡ޶Ľ͡
ǾʿҲҪ㹻ǮƺԴܹеġ
ôҲʵʵ˵ѣʲôʱʵʵ˵˲ˣƷ˵
ϣɱ
κŭһЩƶؾĸַ׷׳ˣЩƶؾ֣ͬκһ콾ս֮дģǵ֮еٮٮߡ
ÿһؾĸ֣ȻͬĸܹᲢ۵ġ
䣡
Щֵϱ˾˵ƣͬκһ㳯ųƷѹ˹ȥ
һɿֲ֮ǰƷͷ·һҶۣʱ˵ǰ
˶ɴ۾֪ЩĸܲܽƷĵ߸ƳʣƷղȻչ˾˵ʵ׾ٵĽԺöֻɳ˸նɱǶʵʵ
˵֮ǰóƷȫûС
˶ƷҪһ˵ĳ̶ȡ
ĬĬĽƷǴУڶ뿴ʲôǳƷĵߡ
̫߹ԼҲ͹˳Ʒ
ɲǼ䣬ƷͶˣϵѪȶγɿֲѪ񳱣˷ɢ˳ȥЩĸȴ˿·硣
¡¡
ָĹͬһ㳯ųƷ
ƷǲŲæ˫һһ֮˿С
һɲǼ䣬еĹͳͳˣ֮İ֮£Ʒ·һռһ
Щ޷ʵ֮Ľޣ˲
ԶԶȥƷȫ𽥱ɫĹâ֣һƽһ㡣
ЩĸҲκβƷƴһҶ۱ɾ޴ĸսоκҲûа취κεһҸս
䣡
ƷָȭһȭɲǼ䣬һУ䵽Щֵϡ
Щַ׷ѪըһһŵѪ


2284 б

ƷѸײڶ֮ƣ׾ٵƶһȺ֡
κɲ֮Щƶĸ֣סƷһȭ
µһ𣬹Ȼͬ죡
˸пһʲôµһ
ѹ֮УܹΪµһˣ
һʵֻѾˣﵽؾ۷ˣ
˶ھôײеսҲ˱סƷֳս̫ײˣ赭дľͽκһʱնɱ
µһʵ顣
µһҿδأ֮ǰµһģͬ˵Ѿͬһǧһ޶һˣ
һǧѵܹﵽ޵һǧô
˾˵֮ǰڳƷһǧ򣬾Ѿкܶ˲ˡ
Ҫ֪򾳵ĸ֣Ҳֻһǧѡ
֪Ҫؾ֮ͻƵһǧ򾿾жôĲס
Ҳû˵ϹʱڵﵽҲϹʱˡ
ϹʱҲ֪ˣû֪Ǹʱʲôˡ
Ʒܴﵽ˿ҲԭӦǴﲻģ˭룬ڳƷ֮⣬ȻҲͬһǧ
ϢӦûǾܵϢδ֪
ƷǶһ޶Ĵڣô˶ļɵͿҲ᲻ϵ½벻ԭǰ㣬ɱ졣
Ȱ벽ţһľǷӡ
ȻʱĳƷ˿Ҳֻ˰벽һĳƷΣճ̶ȼٵĽ͡
ΣƷľսţȻǾܱȵģ֮УҲֻд˵ͻһǧĸܱȵġ
Ʒնɱκ֮󣬼ûɱֻЦһڿʼƺȺ۷һ㡣
ʱƷ˵ʶͬһħһ㣬һΪɲ⣬Ҳû˸ǰȥţ˱ԭվλøֱ˳ȥϰ
ղųƷһϴɾ˵ĳ滹Ŀɲǲ£رЩĸ֣ͬһųƷ
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ãûٶǰ˶ɵ˼ɻ
û֣ǱƷľսסˣκȸֶɱˣƷսеˣ
Ϊһ𶼵õϢƷײбָסʱ
ԽԽϢ˶ʶ²ǸոտʼԶΪѾ
Ϲս֮ϣظֳ֧Ԯķһˡ
и֣ʸƷսѷʤ
Ҳصգء
֮⣬˿һͷǿ޷սȻҲ𼶱ģҲ˿
һߣңɽˣ˼ҲһŮסս
˻ôֱʣ˲ɵõһɵҲóԳƷ
Ϊסʸƣţ񣬻˼ˣͳ
˵Ķ콾пܶԿϹս֮ϴڵ򾳵ĸֵ
ݣݶʮżھֻΪ¶ԳƷ֧Ԯ
ȻĻ֮ˣ϶ưոݣȻٶԳƷ
֮ǰƷͬһ㣬֣κβãˣںܶ˵һõĻɱĻᡣ
ȻӦֻǸոտʼ
б
˫б
һ˲䣬˵Ժ֮жðһͷʣǳƷͻȻ֣ɱƷ׼
Ʒ׼϶ܾôððȻȻĳ
ɱƷ׼Ҳô׼ȷĽƷܵԮȫ赲ס
˫бֻ˭ĵƸࡣ
˵Ŀ⿴֮Ӱ
֪ʲôĵƣȻܹĵԼĿꡣ
ûйãԶһݹϯһ˲ˣ˵ǰ
˿һɫ۵ĺӣһꪣ̤κˣԶԶţһһ㡣
˻ÿµϢ
ڳؾĸھĽǱܵĳȥܿ羪κһϯơ


2285 һǧ򣿻
ͬΪؾҲûа취̶ֳȵĸ֡
ȸղŵκɻҪǿ˻ĪѾһǧ򣿡˾˵ղž˵֮УѾͬһǧ򣬼ԳƷҲǲ£·硣
ڿпܾǸˡ
Ǵϸܵ˴ԲϢʣӦþѾһǧпܷԲ
֪ǺĳһĻӣʥ˵ʸ̳кĻλģ֮ͬУûһܹ֮ȼĴڣǺȴѡԷ⣡˻˵ޱȵأȻʱӿŹ顣
̫ǿˣ֮ͬмûܹȡķͷ콾ս֮ϣҲݺ޵еĴڣĻһǧҲǲܵ飡
ϵķ˵ĸоʵ̫ԲˣѾԲĻҾҲǲܣ
̫ǿˣҵĸоƷҪ̫ˣ
ƷǸһ۳ƷֳһĨ̵Цݣ˵˵ر𣡡
Ʒԣð˿𣬺ʥ
ҲرĻҾرصر𣡡ǺƲһ۳Ʒ֪Ϊʲô˿ԴΪһǧȷʵͬ죬ѰؾĶ֣ؾ㿴ҲǲһȷʵıǮ
ȷʲôһΪƾܹ˫ĻʹشˣģҲģҸ
һǧ򣿡Ʒźʥ
ܹȫܵʥһɱҪʸƷһ
һ𣬾͵Ŵըһ˲䣬ֲȫͷų
ĸоҲйǴŰپʮŵͻƵһǧʱ򣬾ĸо
֮з·һ޴ޱȵ漴Ҫٵأ֮ͷų
ַ·濪ٵǿ޵Уͬĸ֣Ҳη塣
ͬ𣬶˵ѰؾҲûκε
Ҳһǧ¼䲻ֻرѣرصر𣡡ʥŵ˵ȫȫţδܹ֤ɻʣΪʶȴûа취Ϊ
Ǳ뷨ѡԷʱ츳ܹõȫȫͷŵ
֮ͬУҲΪǿĴڡ
콾ս֮ûʲôˣ޵еĴڡ
ԭ׼ĵôƷźʥ˵ƾһԸң㻹ٵȵȰɣ
˵ʲôʥ˫͵һųƷŭĿԲȻƷѹͿȻһûа취ԸԻҪæſԡ
ټأ
ʱ֮ϣԶԶͬһƬ֮ƺɨԶԶһƬɲǼ䣬Ѿ˵ߡ
ʱƷˣʲôһͷ׵ľ޴ޡ
Ʒܹоĳ⻹ļޣѾͨͷĴСѹסˡ
һͷޣͨڣޱȵĳª㸲ŵĺɫƬ
һͷ֮еľһ
ޣȻһͷޣƷǰһͷޣɵҲЩ⡣
ڵʵļ֮У̫ڵһеľޣеİ
˵Ǻеİ˵ǳѾǴⱲӶûа취ﵽյˡ
һͷֲޣ
ܹ֮ƷעΪֺ̫ӦþѾ˲ŶԣʶһżȻ֮²ŷһͷûĺޡ
ȷ̫񻰴˵еֺ޾ȻǴڵģԴһͷޱնɱ֮󣬾Ҳûмޡ
ѾĬ˺Ѿˡ
˭뵽Ȼܼһͷ
Ȼϵҵı壡
ʱһͷ޻һȻһͷֻжʮ׸СɽһޣȻӴ󣬵ǱղӴ˵ȴѾС׼ˡ
Դҳ㻹ͷһܹϳҵȺ࣡
һͷĿųƷ
ݺô꣬ͷһα˽˸ףͬ֮гưԵĺ֮Ҳûʲô֪
˭̫һѾˣ̫̫ˡ


2286 Ҫ컹ж
̫䣬жױһʱĿֲޣʤǿ˵޵ʱ
̫ʮײôֲ֮ʮֻѣʵֲҲͬʤ
޾ǵʱˮеһԣưԹһʱʱûкĴڡ
ֻԴ̫ʱ֮ҪôȥҪôںǿߣ޸Ǳ׷ɱ塣
Ϲ仹żޣϹʱҲĻ֮󣬾Ҳû֪һĴڡ
ǺеĸֿҲֻΪĳһǿĺ޶ѣϾ̫̫࣬࣬Ȼܶ඼ѱȻȻкܶ಻ںƿ֮С
ҲǿȺӺĹ
ϵıʲôֵģһܹ̫񲢲ףк֮£Ȼȴ֪ϧȻܳƷǰĺ˵
޴ܹŵסˣȴŲס
࣬ܲ񣡡
޿ųƷſѪ˵
ֻϵɱʵʻֲ֮ռ䣬ռȻͬˮһ㣬ҵĶ
ֻƾΧĿռ䶼ž𶯣֪һ֣ǺεȾ춯صơ
һͷޣҲѾ۳һǧɣ
𺳣һͷ޵Իöֻɳ֮ϣһִԲϢҲһģһġ
ȻҲѾ۳һǧ
˶еľˣԭƽѵһ۳һǧţ˸Ĵڣһͳͳð˳
·һжѾֵǮһ
ôҲôãƷ˵ƾԶԶҪ컹ж
ãããһƷʥһЦƷ֮У·ڿһһ
֮ޱȵ԰˵ʲôûκ壬ڴУƷҲѾһǧҲоԵİտԻܡ
ͬľ֮У޵еĴڡ
η壡
Ҳûż֣Ϊ֪һԶԶֻһˣɱƷ˺ܶ࣬Ҳڶʡ
Ϊ˱ĵʱͳƷܾˣ˼˱ˡ
ϾɱƷ˺ܶ࣬ѵɱ˾ûô
ҲȻΪ£
һͷ޵뷨Ҳһ޶纣ʥȺѾǰˣһڡ
һԣܹģҲֻԼˡ
أԶһҵ˻ţתͷһ˳˻ķȥȴһСɽһȻԺȫϵľٶȣųƷķ˹ײһ㡣
𾪵ĿСɽһȻȻڱܵĹУռ䶼ֱײ޴ѷ죬ޱȵͷ·յ˿һޱȵĿ¡
𣡡
ھ޴֮˲ڿһͷ޴Ȼ﾿ʲôһͷͨƽɵģ·ǻƽһĻƽꡣ
Ȼһֻƽ꣡
Ʒǰһֻƽ꣬ҲмͲ죬һϹʱҲǺպ֮УҲǷǳǿʢһ壬ϳֹһʼĻƽ꣬նɱ
Ʒ֮ôΪһͷʼĻƽ˻ʾУصĹ֮Уʾ
ʾôͣսϿ˵ȫԵ򵤻ʡ
Եʣսǻʾȴͬս춯أ޵Уͬ𼸸ߺѶȡ
꼸֮еĵһˡ
ȻһʼĻƽ꣬һȻ֮еһԱΪʼǿߣһܹȵλл塣
ڴĻʳĴս֮Уٲ˻ƽӰȻֵ࣬ÿÿܹŤתһսս֡
ƽĵʱȼսƺҲѾףԮΧƷ
ƷҲѷɡ
ȻƷԺգողնɱһȺ콾˵ǵС
ǵĻҲܹΪͬһǧ
䣡
һ˲䣬ϵͳͳ˿Ʒס˷ֱվһǣóƷߡ
ƷĿţǱĺ壬Ϸ壬ȻǺͺޣ֮е壬˵֮⣬ɳ˾ҪƷΧɱڴˡ


2287 Ӧ
֮иѵûԳƷô
Ʒ֪»еģڲưոݣֻǲײˡ
ϾֶԸ콾˵ȥҲ
ݣҲҪٶȳ֣
Ѿһǧ֣˭Ķ֣
ƽһȷ˽͵һ񷶼žҵĶ
һĿֲ֮£Ǳʲô˺˿һ
һɲǼ䣬еһз·𶼱ɫĹâû
ǧ֮һʱ䣬Ѿɨ˳Ʒǰ
𣡡
ֲſµĿһ˲䣬ƷҪ˺ˡ
һɻͷĻ棬һɲǼϯ˿Щ磬ܹһĸĹɢ
ƽһ֣ǳԽؾļޣ統ƷǿƳ֣׾ٵĺɱһ
ûʲôֱ
䣡
ЩֲĹڳƷϲϵ˺飬Ҫ˺鿪ȴûа취ƿƷķ
һͷƽֲ֮˼飬Ƽʲôһ
ȻûжʲôͨǶõȴԼķӦøһŶԡ
˭֪ƷҲƾķԼŰƫƫԼϵķκβóƷ
أ
ƽһſѪڣȻ³޾Ļ棬ɲǼ䣬ͽƷûˡ
˿ЩȻضճһ޴ޱȵĿնϹս֮еأԶеҪĶࡣ
˾úȻ
һӣ˾ͿˣĻʧӰ٣Щۼ˿ЩĻ治ƾʧ෴ģǱƷ֮еÿһë׶˽ȥɲǼ䣬ɡ
ƷǵûбĹ˵˱øǿ
˻ʲôʣôƽ³Ļ棬Ȼκβ˲ɵõһ˵
Ȼ˵ҲһҲûʲôֱ𣬵Ҳֻϵ˵ѣʵϲô
ȻҲǺ֪˶ٱ
ܹȴ˵ǻƽޱرÿһӵѰܡ
ĳһر׽ʣпܣ
ڹֹ֪ٸȴû֪Ʒеһ֡
ҲǷʣĻܣ
ԼĿ
ƷʲôͷΪʲôûܹʲôʣƺԿƻ棬Կ֮һϵľţ
һųƷԽԽҲԽԽ࣬˻˽һЩǴӱϵϸͿƷʲôͷȻô¡
أ۷׷֮ʣȴƷ͵һһֻץ˳ֱСɽһĻƽץ˹ȥ
ǻƽһɣŭһһֻ޴ޱȵצųƷץ
һֻצͱȳƷҪ̫ˡ
Ʒֻһָֻ˳ȥ
ͣ
ָͬһ㣬׾ٵһֻצϵһѪ
ǻƽʹˣ֮־ֵ飬ƷһָͷʮˣƵܣ˵ǼʯĵرҲ׾ٵи
ھȻƷ׾ٵĵһѪ֪Ʒһ
أʱ˵ĹҲѾˣʥ뺣һֱˣγ׸ߵľκˣһ˲䣬Ҫ˺һС
ЩˮѰˮһζһĸأ⾪κϯжôľ˿֪
䣡
һ˲䣬ǿֲľκ˾ѾƷûضھҵĲ·ܵײһ㡣
һͷƽҲɵ÷ĳȥ֮˸ź˵ɱ⡣
ǺʥǺޣδû˳㽫ɵ뷨
ղһֱӺУҲҪ˵³
Ǿκ˵ѾԽѹˡ
ȻֶԸƷǲһӪģ෴ģѹͲһӪģ˴֮仹޲Էһ
ͬƷһ㡣
һ˲䣬룬ȴһִֻǾĲ֮ץ˳ֱӳ
ƽ־ŭˣͼһֻ֣ȴ֣޷ȻһӾͱץС


2288 
һֲֻ̫Ȼ׾ٵĽƽץס
ƽϵĻ淨򲻶˸˵Ĺâλһ˲ԪػһŻ档
Ӧûģܱץס
Ҳһľѧ
˭֪ľѧԳƷһֵֻʱȴûκεô
Ʒһַֻ·ܹͻʵ֮ĽޣһӾͽҪɢĻԪ֮ץС
ʲôֶΣһͷƽֱͬ˹һоӴ
һ˲䣬ͱƷץУ޻֮
һǧĹâڷ˸ػڷӿһΣûа취ͻƳƷһֻ֡
䣡
һ˲䣬һֻƽͱ͵һӺݺ˦˵ϣضھҵĲһＸʮӴѷȻһӳ˵ǰ
ѷĵײǱһ˦˵ϵĻƽꡣ
ƽʹ˻𣬲ϵһ޴ѷ첻ϵ˺ѿԽԽ
ȴʼûа취ѿһֻ֡
Ʒ߸ϣͬһ㣬һֻ־ס˻ƽꡣ
־׵սһӽ˶סˣ·ͬ˹һ
⡭ôܣ
˵ɴ۾أȫ˼˵
ƷҲһǧӦҲ޼Ŷԣ
ƷҲһѣʲôأ
Ҳ̫Զ˰ɣƽȫƵģ
ͬʱʥ뺣ҲѾɱ˳ƷǰˣǲûƽαƷһֻڵϸõġ
ʱ̫ˣǵٶһ˲Ѿɱ˳Ʒǰˡ
ǸӦҲ˺󣬾ѾֱƷ
ƴˣҲѹƻƽ»һս
ڹؼʱ򣬶ѡһս
ϾҲ𣬱ϾȻ򾳸򣬵ܹȱһһǧⱾѾ֤ǵ˵á
ٮٮ֮еٮٮߣκһעҪҫһʱ
ôܸľӺˡ

ʥһ趯ض˺ѳѷ죬ɲǼ仯һտɫĴ֮⳯ųƷݺݺȥ
һߣҲǲļڵڵϵĺƷ
ЩѰˮˮ֮Щˮ֮򲻶ϵı춯ص
һöȵϺ˱Խһǳظĥƽء
¡¡
ĹشһƬ磬ڳƷ˲ըѿ
ĻңҲֻǳһʱѣȴһֻƿ˻磬Ȼһץ˺ޡ
޶ʱֻо·ض˹
ʱΪʲôղŻƽԳƷʱ򣬿ôĴˡ
ֱǲһƷ׾ٵһ͸ץסˡ
ǻƽ̫ˣƽʵ֮£ǳƷ̫̬ˣӲѹ
ǵģǳ׵׵ѹ
ƷʲôֻǼ򵥵ƾʵѹǼˡ
Ц֮ǰΪֶԸƷ´࣬ڳƷѾйһ˸ɵ߸ս֮£Ȼû
֮ǰЩǲ֪ƷѾһǧԲڳƷϳһ
ҲͬһǧԳƷ˿ơ
뷨жôĿЦˡ
Ʒ̫ǿˣǿᵽ˿׾ٵĺǡ
ֻͬһǧ򣬳ƷΪʲôô£ŵʱ򣬼ֱѹ
ͬľ磬սȻ֮࣬;ͺЩѰؾǶ콾ɵؾĸоǲġ
ƷҲݲ룬һֻһ˲ͽ׽סˣ͵һӾһɽ֮С
¡
޵ɽײ촷衣
ţֳһ޴ޱȵѷ죬һͷ޴ĺҲͬƷ䵽˵ϡ
һУʵ̫򵥣ֱ׾١
ڽʣµҲֻкʥˡ
ʥеꪻնڳƷϣǾͷ·նһƬ֮ϣǵûܹƿƷķ෴ģڳƷնһĽ
ʲôʥ쿴ɵˣС֮гɳģ֮вả֮е壬Ǻ֮еҲޱǿġ
ûôֲģȻǿнĹ


2289 ʥ
ǿȣֱ˰ɣ
Ʒһûɹƾ⾪˵ԿЩ
Ǵ˵еʥ֮˵оһзţҲ¼ôĿߵԴ
У㲻أ۷ȴһ棬һĥҲ߳һʥԳһĵ·
ҲֻǴ˵ѣҲֻŹҲˣܵ档
ڿƷӣʥĴڡ
ȻƷǲһ·ǲ֪ǳƷȷʵǰδеĴڡ
ں֮УѾǷǳ˵ãӲƴЩ޴ĺҲ·磬Ҳûп̶ֳȡ
ѾȫǷ漶ˡ
ƷȻ֪һ˲亣ʥ뵽ô࣬һֻסһ֮ڿڳԸʥˡ
ǲе⣿ΪʲôͬһǧǴ򲻹ңƷЦЦ˵
ҵȵʣͬһǧ򣬼㣬Ҳܲ־˵ĵز
ʥŭɶɲɵˣͼܿƷĹ
һûҪ֪ô࣡
ƷЦЦ
ʥûƷΪƷͣ˭֪Ʒûн͵ıҪ
ɶˣһ־˵˵һһˡ
ֱҪǿ֢ˡ
ΪߵõôƷ΢΢һζһ˲䣬Ѿ׷˺ʥ
ʥٶȻܿ죬յķˮ֮ٶϲȴҲ̸ϾڳƷյǰٶȣֱǰŪ
һ˲䣬ƷѾס˺ʥ·
Ȼ߲ҾͺƴˣҾͲѾԽ磡
ʥһĿռҵŤͬ紵ˮһ㣬Ȼһ˲䣬ųƷ˹ȥ
һɲǼ䣬ײķ飬ͬһŴײһлص
еꪸͬһֱȡƷš
Ʒɫ糣ָֻȭȻһȭ
¡
һȭɨգͬһ㾪˵ĹâĹâ˸һӺһֱȡŶĳȻһ˲䣬Ѿɨ˺ʥǰ
أ
ʥһƺߣ˳ȥͬߵķһ㣬ݺݵ䵽˴֮ϣٶȽ˺һ޴ѷ졣
ǧٿס
Զ˿ĿɿڴûƷľսԼҲϹսڵɰɡ
ֻؾѾôֲˣЩؾҪֲĶ򾳵ĸֵĻݶҪı顣
֮ͬսһȻһʱĴĻˡ
ֻǳƷսʵ̫ˣԶԶԽؾӦеʵ
ҲʷֲؾΧս˶Ըʱľ콾Ǽ֤ʱĸָǿߣؾǿߵȻǲڻ¡
ǼҲòϣƷؾ֮йֲĴڡ
ۿųƷҪʥɱЩ˾ѾվסˣһƬҵϹս֮УͬԾźܶຣĸ֣ں콾֮иĸְϹս֮С
Ϊ˰бЩǧѵһľֵġ
ֻǸղųƷĶ̫ˣǧһ֮ʾѾش˺ʥ
ʱﻹ̵ס׷׳֣ųƷ˹ȥ
ƽʱͺʥһǿߣʱں干֮ͬҲվ˳
ϾȻռĴ󺣣Ǻƣκһ޵еĸֶӦþ䡣
ʮؾĺֺƳ죬ͼ赲Ʒ
С󣬲
ƷЦһһָֻ߸߾ɲǼ䣬ԭʵܲĵе˸ЩѰĵķУзӿ
ԳƷԭʵδؾ֮ǰҪγģĹҪһʱ׼˲Ѿɡ
ųƷֱ۷£ͬѪȺһЩؾĸֺȥ
֮ٶж죿
һ˲䣬˸ոտѾЩĸַ׷ױУըƷֵһûа취ֵס

ֻһжѣ
Ĺâĳ֮£ƷһԾ˿Ŀ
һ˲䣬ƷĿתѷ֮еĺʥĵӿѷ֮С
ɲǼ䣬޾âڱһС
ԶĪѾ֪ʥϢ
ʥ


2290 һһ
Ʒһչϵͨϵľʵ
鳲
ƷʩչһлЩ˵Ǻľȫķܹʩչڵʱض׵ʩչ
𵱳𵱳˵ǲ֪Ҫǿ϶ٱ
һ׾ٵĻɱ˺ʥ
һļž
˵ĺɵͣˣǱܵķӦ·һͨһͷޣ˺
ųƷ׾ٵĽʥɱ˶·Ǽ˹һͬΪսô֮
ۿųƷֻ־סȻ־ͽʥɱ
ʵԶԶ⼸⼸Ѿ֮еٮٮߡ
֮µ콾Ҫ»ֳһΣһΣһΣ̲ס˵
ķԣƽʱֻ˾úЦͬ۵㡣
Ѿ콾֮еٮٮߡ
κһѹһʱ֮Ув࣬ҲܴﵽһΡ
ǼֱڿЦ
ȻƷȴԼ˵ı֣һΣ˶ΪѾЩ׷ĽŲ׷ĽŲҲֻʱ֮ʱݺ˦һơ
ףүԶү
ǳƷĻҾÿ»Ļһȫµʱأ
ҲôãϾЩľûнǸոտʼˣڵȲһӶȣ
ȴҲ˲ͬ⣬֮УȴǳϳƷȷʵ֮ȵġ
ãƷֺ޹˼ɣһͷƽͺҲӶ֣ʶҪʲô飬ʱɫ䡣
Ʒֱ޷죬һ·ɱ˶ˣֱɱ飬ɱħͷ
˷ŭ˵û˸ͣżֲмͱӵ鿴
ЩܹΧɱƷѵƷɡ
û˾⣬ֻǳƷ޹˼ɵҲ˸о
ƺ֮ĹڳƷ϶ʧЧˡ
ʲôĹطڳƷ϶壬ûκι
޷ǾۻۣѪѪô򵥡
۷׷֮ʣƷֻǿ·ԱһֻѹƵĶõĺ޺ͻƽꡣ
ңҿǲĻƷͷޣ˼ϧ֮⡣
Ͼǻƽ꣬Ǻޣѵһľޣš
ܹΪľѾ֮е˵ܹһһǧķѾǷǳˡ
ɳδֱ˵֮컯ԲɱƷҲԸ⽫ɱ
ȻǰԸ⳼Լͬһ
һɳδԳΪԼҪ֣δһʼĴ֣ĿǰƵµĳƷ˵ǷǳҪġ
ҪͶܣ
ʱһͷƽ겻ϵͼѿƷ֣ܹѵĿƷ֣İס
Ȼ㲻ԸͶǾɣ
Ʒ쳣Įһ֣һ˵Ľâɨգֱӽһͷƽͷ­ն
޾ѪܿͽȾһƬأȻ˸żĹâ
˶סˣû뵽Ʒ˵־Ͷ֣һ㶼ǣĺûᣬ϶ô뷽跨һͷƽ과ǡ
ܾһδĻ߳ǣνǧѷĺûᡣ
ǳƷƺͲںһ㶼⣬˵նɱնɱˣ۹ˡ
һߣһͷ޾޴֮飬ͬʱм־״顣
Ʒһͷƽ꣬˵ɱ˾ɱˣһϧûУ֪ЩٮٮڳƷУֻҲûʲôλ
뵽һУиӵĺȻ
Լ츳ʵκһȺҪԼҪȻ£Ϊɢе
Ⱥ̫ˣ˶ûУԳһϵ
˭֪ƷȻ˴ֱĽȻ־ŭ
ԵƷĿɨʵֵˣҪ
Ը⳼
޹ϵˣ⻹ͷһΣʵڲ̫ˣǳƷ̫ǿˣһͽڵϣΪΪʹᡣ
ûֲĴڡ
ܺãƷĵ˵ͷ


2291 ɱ
Ʒ޺ʶ࣬ŵ˵ͷȻЩ֮УҲ˹ϵԼĵزҪú룬ԼܱܲȳƷĵҪӲ
ʵϣһͷƽ꣬ƷԸ໨һЩʱ䣬˵ҲշƷûʲô̫Ȥ
ڳƷ˵Щûκ壬Ҫշ޺ͻƽҲһʱͬȻãͬĻƷҲûʲôʧ
ſԪƣƷ˵
һ£֪Լûа취ӳƷѣֻܹԹԿԼԪƣóƷӡԼԪ
Ӵ֮ͱƷշˣֻҪƷһͷͻֱӴԪڲըɱ
һϵѱ޵ֶΣֻǳƷõҲ٣ϾܹõҲ࣬˶ʸ񱻳Ʒϵġ
ں޵Ԫ֮ӡԼԪ֮󣬳Ʒŵ˵ͷȻſ˺޵ѹơ
޴ʱڣԹԵվԭصȴųƷķ䣬Ȼмֲģǵ˻ƽ䵽һԵԴʱеĲľʧӰˡ
ô˵ܱԼԴҪõĶˡ
ƽˣĿɿڴ˵֪һạ̊́³ƷһǴ´ˣ
ɲǣƽһ˿ɲ࣬ÿһޱȱԴھȻǻ֮еٮٮߣȻܹؾһǧ츳󣡡
ѾȫõһҪˣǻƽȻܹؾһǧģҲǷëǰɣ
޷󣬻ƽһô
ĸѾʼޱȵ岻Զ֮Уƽʱû»Ҫֳֶ˵ڻƽһľ˳Ʒϡ
˻ƽ֮⣬֮ǰƷնɱϴɾ˵Ҳ֮һ塣
Ǽ˶˳ƷûһжǷǸܵ顣
Ƕš
һ忪ʼܹپ˵Դ屨
Ǹʱ򣬱߹ҪͿ̿ˣ飬ľ˶Ҫצ֮¡
һжɳƷģƫƫǶ𣬳ƷͲǹܣҳƷڹĴս֮׾ٵĻĸ֣ڱ֮еֻҲﵽһ˵ĵز
ܹѹµģһ뵽ֲδֻоȶӶۡ
ǻƽ꣬һͷҲ鷳֮ԴȻһǰѾˣǾ˵ںһУ˼ϵЩϵһˣֻʳڵĺ޳ΪǵĳԱʣһͷ޿϶֮һȴƷշΪūǱֱɱ˻Ҫĸ裡˵һӿֲʵ
ЩһɢɳĺޣʵһɢɳһȻֻƽʱȻﲢֳԲΪ֪ˡ
´ˣʱͺ˿϶׷Ź˵
ʲôõĵģˮڣѵֻΧɱƷ巴ɣҲֲһ۵˵
۷׷֮ʣƷǲں˶Ŀշ˺޶˵Ƕһ֡
Һ޲ͬڻƽ꣬ƽԼǿȺΪ٣һûƽ걻
Ǻȴͬˣ֮Ҳֻһͷޣһһ뿴Ǿ̫̫ˡ
ȻԸͶƷȻٶΪ
أʱ˳ڳƷ޷Ŀֲʵʱ
һɿֲϢǵضһɲǼ䣬Ѿɨ˳ƷǰȻ󽫳Ʒס
򾳸֣
˾һо򾳸ֵϢ
ǵ򾳵ĸֽԼ򸲸һƬصʱ򣬸˸оصи֪һӱˡ
ͷ·˶ȥǶطʹȨһ
ܹӵĵزģҲΨ򾳵ĸ֣Ϊؾĸֻֽѡ
˵ؾĸ֣÷ȡصս
ȫͬһȫΪԼأ൱дһ룬Ȩ޸طȨޣһӻ˶ƬصĿȨ
һǽãһǱУмĲ࣬ӹɡ


2292 Ʒ㣬
ʱ䣬һӰѾս֮ϣֲޱȵϢֱһӰͬϵ־죬´ڤصĴ֮䡣
һģӣһѪӿ·Ҫ˺鿪
һһ֮סȫĿֲڡ
򾳣
һֲľ磬ʮ֮ҲֻľѣѾ޵еĴڡ
Ȼ򾳺֮䣬˴֮ʵͬر𣬲֮վѾ¸֮ۡ
ʮȻ֮⣬ֱѰһźͶŵĹؼ׼û
ųƵһԽ࣬ŵʵҲԽǿ
ûηʢֻǶ
һ޴ķˮ롣
֪ڵ磬򾳸ǺεȵҪڸƵϹս֮УȻͳһС
ֻһӰƬضڲȫɢһֵķĹâ
һʼǰսĸֵֻܹǵˣӵϣͷųϢԽԽǿɱϯͬһ㡣
̹ǣɱǸомֲ
ֱţǶؾĸ֣ǾȻôԶľͱӵϢˡ
еһЩ콾ʱɫҲÿ
Ȼһͻƣ϶Ҫ
ûͻƾûͻƣûκοɱԡ
Խǵ棬Խһһ죬ⲢǿЦģʵ
˶ʶˣɱ¾Ϊ˶ԸƷ
˻֮ǰЩ𶼲ĵƣĵ򾳵ĸ֣
̫ˣ֮ǰƷӵڣûһ˿һӵĿԣ
̫ˣɣĻ˽Щ𶼵նܻɱƷȻǺãܵĻԼʱ䣬ȴ˵ĵˣ
ƺ뵽ʲô˵
ĻҲһ󺮲˵ĻĻ֮˵Ƽֱǿˡ
νһһûһ˿һóƷߵĻᡣ
Ƕ콾̽ȻΧɱⶼʧˣѾǳ˵֮ˣ˭֪Ļ֮˾ȻⶼӦԵķȻиǿĺֳ֡
ƷڷƮɢ֮ϣ˫䣬֮зӿֲϢ𶯲񷡣
Ե򾳵ǿߣҲ˿á
ڳƷԱߵĺɫҲͬѿʱ׼ߣֻǿƷӣߣҲߡ
򾳵ĸ֣Ҳûʤ㣬ҲùڳƷһͷ֮¾ͳ׻Ϊɻҡ
ƷֻǵһЦ˵£ǵֻΪɱأǴһɱˣ
ƷĻԭмصĺ޸ɫȻѿ
ΪҲ뵽һֲֿĿܣͻ򾳣Ϊʲô
Щû֮⣬ͳͳ˳Ʒ򾳵ĸֿΪɱƷ
ǷǽƷնɱأôͻ򾳸ΪȷһʧǴһնɱ
һ㲢룡
صһ£ԼĺûᣬԽͬƷڵļһɵֻҲŹĻᡣ
뵽Ժֻ֮һͷǶϵˣɹĻ֮ˣˣΪĻ֮еĵ
ŭյǣĻ֮˺ܿǴһնɱ
ƷĻҲΪ֮һͣҲͬǴˣ뵽ĿԣϾЩ콾˴֮䶼Ǿϵ
ڵǶ֮ǰγһЩܶԼвӲݣҲӦ֮⡣
ҲǷǳпܵģ
Ϊˣ˾Ļ֮˾Ȼ˵ĺ
ʶɢôͻȻʲôָӣ
Ҳ׷Ϲս֮ϸƣȻһε򾳣ҲԶؾҪĶˡ
ɲǲע⡣
Щ֮УɢǳɢޣƽҲһɢǰ㡣
Ͼɢ޼ǿҲûа취ЩŴᲢۡ
ǲŷ֣ɢ˵ģҲĳһֻƽʱɽ¶ˮû֪ˡ
ʱɢҲƺʶѾʼɢıɫ˲֪ٴεĻɡ
ۿбƷ֮ƣʱޱȱ䣬ųƷĵ˵Ʒ㣬


2293 Ƴʶǿ
ۿѾ˲³˱֮˵Ŀģɢ˵ʱʼмż
óƷ˵ȥ
ɢ˵ӱħ⣬ֱӶԳƷж
ħ䵽˳Ʒϵʱȴû֮УʧӰ١
һ˲䣬ɢ˾Ѿ˽һɿֲϢͬһ㳯ųƷɨ
򾳵ĿֲʵһѹһĽ⳯ųƷն
ɢ˵ľѧ֮һҲ֮һ
һâնɲǼ䣬·һһ㡣
¡
һض˺ѿһ޴ޱȵѷ죬һУĽһ˲ڣڱ˵Ŀ⡣
˶һ˵Ľâ𶯣ɨ˳ȥ
ֻһܹͬһ㣬ʵֱɨ޵С
Ѱؾĸ֣ûκεʤ㣬Ǳɡ
ҲһƽһȺճܹ򾳵ĸֵĹ֮ѵĿԡ
ˣ򾳵ǿ߾ֻĳ̶ô⻹δɢȥƷʹд˳ֻĳ̶ȣҺͬľնͬγҰһ׾٣
أ˿֮УһӰУͬؼΨһսվıֱ̫ͬɽһ㡣
ԶѾ⾪һĹΧ֮ڣûڶɢҪֵĶǳƷûĻᱻһֱնɱ
㶯еĵƣҲֲֻܱˣȻᱻشΪƾ̡
𺧵ǣһ֮£Ʒû£Ȼֱܹӵס⾪˵һ
ʱŷ֣ƷղŸûнһʵȫչֳ
˵֮һʵûչֳ
ԸղųƷչֵʵܽӵ⾪˵һ
Ȼûɢ˼ԼһûܹնɱƷʱмɻ󣬲ҲûԼһܹ׾ٵնɱƷ
ϾǱѰҪֲʮҪֲһٱľڡ
ǱΧû£ܹɱĴڡ
ȻԳƷȻ֣̫𾿾ζʲôˣͬľĻƷ˵Ʒһжס
ѰĶ콾׾ٵĽնɱ
֮ͬУͲЩԴңԶǰѾĹŴǵĶ֡
ȴͬľȳƷߣһλɱƷĻᣬһĻᣬԺ󿴵ƷµһӦҪܣĻƷһָ¾׾ٵ
˫ʵѾĵزѰܹתĵز
뵽һ˫֮飬ڳƷӰδֳգɨȥ
ؾʱҪһǷǳѵģҪķȫпܳɹ
ڣɢȴʱصʩչ֪ЩĲж
Ķ棬ƷǵûжЩ෴ģ·Ǳ˶־һ㣬ȫķķӿͬ峤գɢ޵еϢ
˲ȭ
Ʒһȭ˰˲ӭĽȥ
¡¡
ֲײձ˵⻯Ĺɢ
һʱ֮䣬ʧһȻǶۣǹ̫񱩣ײĹâҲʵ̫ˣһڱһС
ֻܷ׷ױ۾׽˫ж
ǷƷ;ףЩ⣬˿·硣
ʲôΪѵ޲ɣ𾪵˵
Ʒչֳ̫ˣмðŽ⣬һŻ棬ұһ֮˫֮бһ֪֮ƷѾеһֶЩ⡣
Ȼ˵ƷռƣмƣȴƾЩ
ؾˣĶһ򾳼ĸ֣޵еĴڣͳŵľ֮һ
ؾսЩ򾳵ľ֣ϹʹĴ˵
ܹ֮Ϊֵһˮ룬о޴սĲࡣ
һǧҲмԱ֮Դݴ򾳵ĸѡ
ǻѰ򾳸֣ǿ֣ǿ򾳸ּҲѴǵ
ǳƷȴȫһгʶ


2294 
ؾȻ򾳣ǿĵزǺεȾ׵顣
ǲܵ飡
Ϊ֮·ÿһһ޴ǵҪԽǲܵ顣
ǳƷȴˣⱾǷǳ˼顣
Ȼ֪ƷƾźεȵֶǺʣѾǳĴڡ
Ķ棬ɢҲԽսԽľû뵽ƷȻܹǿᵽĵز
ʵȻ֮£
ѹֹ뷽跨ҪƷҲҪƷ
Ҳһѡ񽫳Ʒһɳضڵĸ֮ȫȫѰ֮ϡ
ѾܹóԳƷʱ򣬶ǲһôһƷȫɳͬ޵У˭ܹĴڡ
ƽʱʱҲˣΪÿһʱǿ߳ҲÿһζռݰףܹѹȺۡ
һҲ͹ȥˣڴ֪꣬ţۼ¥ۼͣۼ¥ˡ
飬Ҳûټ
Ȼ֮УϵʵĳϵΨһĻᣬǧеڶεĻᡣ
ǾԲ˿ò
ˣԲɳԲͻƵ򾳣
ĻڣҲֻĸ֮Ƕ˵ϵ֮֡
ڳƷѾֲƷ򾳣һָͷ
뵽ɢ˶ʱ֮иɫ
ħɨֱӶԳƷжֻڳƷײϻĽ·ǧһ˲䵽˳Ʒϡ
䣡
һɲǼ䣬ɢֱӺ嵽˳ƷǰڳƷһչһֲ
һɲǼ䣬Ʒ·֮һ㣬ֻѰĶҲ·һǸоʲôֲĸš
֮ͬУѡ
򣡡
ƷԺ֮Ϸһͷ
Ѿɢ˵֮С
ڱ˵֮Уƿ˱˵ϣû˿ѡء
ƷȥﻹԭϹսһأɢ˵֮С
Сأ
֮Ļֳ޾ĽмһһڵħЩħȻһͷһͷֲħͷХų˹
ұߣһŻ棬Щ滯һһضոԴ
ɢ˵ֵͨݻɵ
֮Уûжķȫǽħ򣬻淨򹹳
Ʒھ֮Уá
ƷûѡߣһĴ󣡡
ɢ˾Ӹ£ŶԳƷ˵
һƬ֮УǴoĹƶģǾԲܵĴڡ
ܹԿģΨз
ܹԿģͬҲΨ
һ򾳵ĸ֣ܻҪСȻƷֻؾ֮УôһоѾͳͳ֮Уô˵Ǹûκġ
֮У˾Ǿ޵еĴڣдȨ
ԭĻģ򣡡
ƷΧķųܹоضض⡣
ĻһνĶ֮ӣǶ˲ʹùˣʲô鶼ʧܣҲ˿˳ĵط
زˣΪ˱񣬱ų⣬κ飬һᴦӵĽ
ûκȥ
֮ԵģȻν֮ӣЩ֮ӣʲô°빦׾ٵĵõһҲòĵط
еٮٮ߸ǲˣҿʯͷſܶǷǳѵõģ·һʯ¶о˵Ĵڵȴ
ߵĶźˣеĶ˶Զ⣬ʲôܹмߵĳɾ͡
Щ콾𣬴ĳ˵֮ӣѾѰ˼ٱӶܴﵽĸ߶ȡ
ԳЩ޶Ϲж˵ֱǳԷˮһļ򵥡
ÿһ˶һʱĳѹһʱ޵У


2295 ǧĿֲ
϶˵Ǹʱǡ
ֻѡԷ⵽ʱڸʱǵĳ֮£Եûôڰˡ
ڸԵʱһĿĽ㡣
ÿһд֮
Ʒʱ͸оų⣬ԵĻ򼸺Ҫû
ɣ
ɢĿųƷ֮˸ź˵Ĺâ
Ѿնɱ˳Ʒܹ֮Ǳ߻öٵĺô
Ͼô飬ڲһıĻǾ̫ˡ
ķ򲻶ϵƷҪûС
ɢ˵¶˼Цݡ
Ǿ򰡣
Զֵ϶¶˼̰飬
ؾȻѾǸ֣򾳱̫ԶˣΨп򾳣¼ͳߡ
κһֻǳ򾳣ڴĻʳõʮŵΪ򿪴š
ԭɢޣҲ׾ٵĽЩԭǿŵš
ĸ֣ߵﶼõӦеĵλؾһһء
ؾʱȴƷȻһųǧĹâһڷĹâֱϯ˳򿹺⡣
򶼱ƷϷĹâըһ󶴡
ҪԶ˶ʱĪ̾ڳƷľֶΣȻܹ֮ըһն
Ҫߣ͵һӷӦ˹æ˵
˶ΪƷҪյߵʱȴƷ˿û˿Ҫߵ˼
ɢҲ½޸һҿƷûгߣĻҪٶȽƷֽ֮оûôˡ
Ͼһǵһǵĵ˭ףû˻ο
ؾվҲֻؾƷ⣬Ҳֻؾ
ԶͷһƷı֣ǲɵ÷ֹ
Ȼ֮˺޲óƷǱϾͬΪؾҲ뿴Ƿ漣
Ȼڿ漣վ漣Ѱܼġ
ؾܹ򾳣ǻ򾳣¶Ϊ֮ڡ
򾳵ĸȻ٣ؾĸָ࣬ʮǡ
УûзӦʱߵĳƷΡȻ˸ŷĹâķͬһڿ˺ѿͼ࿹⡣
࣬ƷϵķҲǷֳɣһɽɫķǳƷԴķҲǻʼսķ򣬻򣬸̫ڤѪĻ淨
ַΪĽȭȵķ򼸺˿ۻҡ
˵һ֪ƷȻͬʱôַ
Щκһе˼£Թһ򣬺οôķ
ҿƷӣƷһ£Ȼÿһֶ۳ٵķζųƷЩ൱̶ȵоп
ҲϹս֮е˶оԲλ࣬ΪȫоķҲǺͳƷչʾķо̶޼
㾹ȻǧѹǼĶ֣
ɢ˿ųƷϱķĹâ֮мַ֮ɫ
ƷϷĹâ̫ˡ
һһٵٵһǧƷϳ˵ǧĹâ
ܹٵѾǼˣϹս֮еĹŴʿͻƵһǧѾס
ƷȻͻޣȻǧ
ֱǹ
ѹЩĶ֣һǧǧôȣһĲࡣ
Ҫ֪򾳲̵ʱҲǸոǧѡ
δ򾳵ĳƷķȻһ޶б͸ӷô
ڳҲŷˣǧ
û֪ôģֻһֱڲΪʲôЩԳƷʱȻ˲һ
ͲһϵĴڣȫͲһ£
һͬ˹һ
Զĺ޸ޱȵķ֪ΪʲôԼܵôˣ޻֮
Ʒһֻ־͸ڵĦ׾ٵĵ򣬺޻֮
ӣ̫ˣͬʱַ򣬲Դ˳Ѿףͬʱô෨򣬾Ȼ빹ܳ򣬼ֱǿЦ
ɢ˺ܿͻعڵ


2296 Ǹ
ѹųƷܹܳ򣬼Ҳġ
˵ܹɹˣҲΪɢ޵ƣûһû˸ӵġ
ɢ޺деĸֵĲ࣬һģƽʱһЩؼĵطûдһĿȻ
ķԽ࣬Ҫ빹ѶҲԽߣΪ漰ķƽҲԽ࣬ͬʱַѾǳˡ
Դ֮ͺˡ
ҲΪʲô꣬ȴҲֻǧԭȻǧؾУνǾףǿ޷ƥС
Ƕ˵ǧ򲻹ǸոտʼѣϾ򾳵żһǧ
ǧ˵̫
Ʒĸַ֮࣬ʮȻ򾳣
ֱ쿪顣
ܶ콾ʱһĻʱҲͬôΪ⣬ǹһַڣѾмֳˡ
Ͼ֮ǰĻӣ֮󣬾ѡһ̵֣ʱ֮еߵľ硣
Ͼ˶֪жѣ̰ãֻᵽҲﲻߵľ硣
ľҲ⡣
Ʒͬʱôķ򣬵Իǰ;ȻһɹʵȻһҪͻƶ޷ûκˡ
һ˲䣬ƷʹĿУ΢ˡ
ڵĳƷƺǵУһǿ뵽򾳣ܹѸٺͳƷ࣬Ǹʱǿ֮ĵҲͱˡ
ؾȻҪǽֻǵǶǰһСѡ
ɢ˵ĲмƷҲֻЦһ˵Ҳ
㲻ֻǾ֮ܰˣ죬ȴΪ㿴죬ȫ磡
Ʒ˵ϵķڲҫž˵ĹâΧԿɢ˵
죿ɢ˵ͫ΢΢һɲǼ䣬ֱӳˣɱȣ񷶼ƣֱӳųƷ˹ȥ
ƷҲ˿ãȻ֮УжѣʱҲû˿ı֮չ˵ж˲һΡ
һӾ׷ɢ˵ӰָȭֲĶһɺɢ˵ķȥ
¡
񷶼ըѣ˶ֹ䵽˱˴˵ϣ˴˶˺飬䵽˱˴˵ϣֻһĽ
˫ɢû˿ı仯ƷҲֻǺ˼סΡ
˷׷׺Ȼʧɫ̾򾳸ֵֶΣֱͬؼһoһ㣬޵С
ͬʱҲǾ̾ڳƷʵ򾳵ĸ֣Ȼܹ⣬·磬ؾ˵ҲѾǳˡ
ؾܹزǸɣһ򾳣ֻһǧͨ򾳣δܹκεƽɫʧɫ˵
뵽һӿֲĻ棬ƷѰ򾳸֡
ڼ·磬ȴҲûпܵļ
ܹܳͻƵ򾳣ôʵεȵزֻɢҲĶְɣ
ĿɿڴĿ˵
ǿϧˣⱲӶͻˣնΪĻǾ̫ԶˣҲôķҲƽӹˣԺҵ࿹⣡˵ͷ͸˱ʡ
ƷնΪôķֻרһֵĻƽ٣ʵҲûʲôֱҲѰѡ
֪˵뷨Ҳ˷츲صı仯κһ˱Ϊ𣬶˵ϵۡ
ܹΪĶûж٣ķëǣǶڵĳƷ˵Ȼֻûۣ˷츳
֪ĳƷǴ˶𺳺ѹڳƷĳ֮£Ҳøʲôˡ
۷׷֮ʣУƷɢ˵ĴսŲǸոտʼѣ˫ɢ˵֮Уչ˾˵Ĵս
һ˲䣬˫־ѾʮΣϰٴΣεײԽɢ˵򶼸ըѿ
֮ڣɢ˵ʵǣ㶼Էӳ˵սƷһĲ࣬ȴûлرܹһײ
أ˾һ˵ע⡣


2297 ͻƣ
Ʒķķˣ
˾һ˵Ŀⶼ׷ת˹ȥ
ǽĿ䵽˳Ʒϵʱ򣬼Ͼͷ˲ԣΪƷȻ·磬ÿһεײᱻɳȥϵķĹâû˶෴ģϷĹâڲϵųҫ۵Ĺâ
ģʼ˼֯ʼʱǰ㣬һɢɳ
˶һʱٮٮߣǵȻףζʲô
ʵϣζųƷڹԼ
νǽԭһķһĹɹܳһ
ڵȫܳģ׾ٵķӳЩȫ
Զʤûĸ֡
ģǹܳġ
һ㣬˶ƷھȻڹܷ
˶Ŀ࣬û뵽ƷôҵĴս֮оȻܷ
Ѿ˵Ѷȴ󲻴ˣѹһĶãһСľͿܱɢ˺ɱ
ɢƺκβóƷӣȻʵֵĻɢ˵ʵԶԳƷв
ֻǳƷֶͬͨ죬¶ԱȻ·磬ȴܵľ档
ǣһ˿һķģһĿܾ
ǳƷȴˣһ߷ģһ߻ܹܳ
ȻڽֻгζѣǶ˵Ѿǲ漣ˡ
ҵ죬ڶģԼܹܳɣ˾
ⱲӼвˣۼ򾳸ֵĽǴδڼҵս֮нģ
о콾Ŀɿڴ˵
սͻƣ˵ܼ򵥣ʵΣжΪһĶãһСľͿܱնɱ
ԼЩ콾ʵҲûԹӷľٶġ
ʵ̫Σˣ򲻵ѣ˭ôѡ
ڿƷͲΪѣԳƷչ֮ٶоųɵİգƷѡ
ϾɢҲδܹڶʱ³ƷƷֻҪԸ⣬ֻҪģͿں̵ܶʱ֮ߡ
һҲǻɢ˵ķΪ֡
ǳƷûôѡ񣬺Ȼɢ˵ĥ
ǽɢ˵ĥʯˣɢ˴㹻ѹܹʵ̫ˣ
˶µ˳ƷĿֻ֮Ƿӣ飬һСģͿܽԼˡ
Ȼȴ֪ƷԼЦİƷڼҵս֮УҲԲϵĲһĶãϵıǿ
Լڡ
ƷĿȻҲɢ˸Լʩ㹻ѹĻҪͻƵ򾳣Ͳ֪Ҫʱˡ
ս֮еɢ˺ҲѾ˵ĻɫʱȻΪݵλɢ޶û˸ھȻ˵ĥʯ
ֱ̫
ǳƷһĲϳ֣Ҳܿ侲
עƷ֮ԽԽľΪ֣ƷϷĹâǵûڱʱƶҫ
˵Ʒڷǵûһֹͣģ෴ģʱƣڲϵ
⡭Ǹôѵпܽôķϳһ򣿡ɢ𾪵˵ܣôķ򣬸ûܹϳһҲţ
ɢȻԸţǳƷֳͱ˵̬ƻɱڣ۳Ʒܲôķ򣬹ܳһǿ򣬶ɳȥ
Ȼĥʯɣ
ɢ˴һȫµķ򱬷˾˵ĹâھҵĶֲͬķ֯˿ֲ򣬷ĳųƷ˹ȥ
һķɲǼ䣬ͽƷûˣͬʱɢҲһ֣һ˵ĽâֲĽųƷնȥ
¡
Ʒվλ÷˾춯صĴըƬض˺鿪һ޴ޱȵѷ졣
еһжڱըһƬһĳ
ˣ˶ɴ۾ҪȷƷǷѾˡ
һӣһɿֲϢӸղųƷվλñ˳һϢɢһУ˿һͦεӰ
ǳƷ
ƷǵûһɿµĹ֮ɥ෴ģȫķ˸ҫ۵Ĺâ
ֻǺ֮ǰͬķȻĹܳһ޴


2298 ѹɢ
ڲѹ֮£Ʒǵûоʹ˱ɱ෴ģȻƾɢ˵ѹĹܡ
˹ȻҪһѹȽϺã
Ʒ죬˵
֮вϷӵǿ֮˶̥һľ޴仯
ؾ֮еһУѾȫȫͬ
ڵĳƷֻһָоѹ򾳵ǿ߸ؾ
Ϊ˫ѹͬһ֮С
Ʒڹ֮ܳ󣬼׾ٵľͽɢ˵ſˡ
һƬ֮УߣˮߴͿߴûгͷͿо
˵˵Ҫй⣬Ǿ˹⣡
ָоͬһοͨĸоһ棬֮ͨǰֻǷ׵һеһжҪѭĳֵ
ǿͨͿˮȥ֮ȫѧ顣
ͨĲͬǣͨЩ֣ʵѧҲΥġ
һֲ˼֮ͨĳ̶ȣһƬ֮УһоǺģֻҪƷ룬ôһȻǺ顣
ȻҲ̸ʲôΥʶ
еĳʶõ˵߸һеı׼ֻһǾǳƷı׼
ȻһжҪķķΧ֮ڣķķΧ֮ڣûа취ġ
ˣѾǷǳˡ
򣬳Ʒ߱˺ɢһϸµ֮ͬǰǰ㣬ֻܹǿ⡣
ʲôȻܳ򣿡˲ɵõһڸղţ˻жϳƷܹܳ
ͬʱôķ̬Ͳ߱ܳĻ
תۼ䣬Ʒʵݺݴǵף֮ǰĿжôĴ
Ʒôķ򣬾Ȼǵһͻƣ֮ٶӱɹͻƵ򾳡
ڷ׷׵һͬʱҲڷˣʱǵУӴƷв̶һһȫµľ硣
˵ԭĳƷֻؾʱ򣬾ǸоޱȵΣյĻôڣͻƵ֮󣬾͸Ǹоһв
Ȼˣ̫ˣ
ˣͬʱô෨򣬲Ϊ֪η෴ģžԵİղŸô
˲ɵÿ˵
˴ʱҲһ㣬ƷʲôֻоԵİնѡ
·Ȼܹߵͨôж콾أȫţֻһʵ̫ˡ
ȫȫǵ֮⡣
ÿһǿ߳·Ƕһ޶ģû˵·ȫһģ˵ǳƷ߳Ķһ޶·أҲ˿˵
֮ǰĻ϶ûţǵһ֮ǰûŵĻʱҲŵħ޷ͳƷΪ˵ǿ
Χ˶ŴʱڳеɢҲŵùǺܹоƷ֮һ˲䱬˿ֲϢ˲ͽ˺ѿ
һֲ˫ֱ˺ѿһƬȫµء
һϤҲûˣ
ֻҲû뵽ǣһȻǴӳƷϱġ
֮󣬳ƷҲȫ˷츲صı仯
ȻϵķǧȴѾȫͬˡ
ͺǧûʲô֯ں֮ںǧȻľ֮Ĳֱ࣬ر
ͬն
Ʒʱͷų򣬿׾ٵĽ˺˿
ԭܹεѹסƷ֮ͬһ㣬á
ڳƷȫǰһ޷ԳƷһ˿һв
䣡
һ˲䣬Ȼһһѣ鿪
ƷɫĹâһһĹԵأ׾ٵľͽĽڽڰˡ
޷һǿ
Ƭ֮䣬һʧӰ١
෴ģһ˲䣬ƷѾֵͷϡ
һ£ֵɢԵΣ֮У򱻳Ʒһһˣ޻֮ǳƷĶ֡
˲֮ͬһ㣬һ¶ѡ
˲͸ܵ˸ղųƷָоֻûгƷֶΣӲھԵ֮£ɱһ·֧ŵԼɹܳһ졣
ôôֲƴˣ


2299 ɱɢ
ɢ˱Ƶ˾·һӱ˼޵ʵȫѪҲžҵĶ
ԭѹҲڲִ֮䣬Ϊ˶ԿƷֲѹ
һ߰ʲôʱԹôĿ
Ȼֻɢ޶ѣܹһ·е򾳣Ϊ֮һôûԼĽ
ҪԳƷûʲôѶȡ
Ͼ۳Ʒֳжô죬ؾҲֻؾѣͬʱôķ
ͬʱôķóƷ֮ʵǳǿԶͬˡ
ͬ𶼻ᱻıͷܡ
ʵȴԼϵ˸һͻƵĿԡ
˭ܹ뵽˶ΪƷûиһĿԵʱ
ƷȻͻ˼ޣﵽ򾳡
ոͻ򾳣Ȼδӣƾͱԭǿ˺ü
⻹ǽǸոͻƣγƷɳȥֱ롣
ͬ򾳣ҲǷֳŵȵģķ࣬Ǳ˴֮ʵҲر
Ҳ֮ǰƲĽ֮һЩ𣬶콾ͨ콾׷ͻ֮һ֮ͬеٮٮߡ
ЩǰŬǸܿЩͻ֮콾ǵġ
ڣƷľ˱Ҳ֤֮ǰܶ˵Ĳ²⡣
Щȷʵͻԣͻƾߣ˿ֹ
ˣɢɲ䣬ԸȥҪƴһĻûκεʤ㣬ȥǷǳѵġ
뵽ɢ˷ˣͷȫȫͬķϢγǿķ籩ֱķųƷ
زɢҲûʲôˣΪȥܾܿ·һ
ǸղŵĻ䲻ôһУƷܻᱻش
ǵڣƷû˿ĺ£ֱǼ򵥵һֻץ˳ȥ
䣡
ɲǼ䣬һֻֽǿֲķ籩ץޡ
ؼһкѾָƽһ㶼ûиղŸոշ˿ֲһļ
˶˳ƷǽֻѰֶѣȴ˾˵ķƷһΪ֪жôľˡ
򽣹ڣ
ʱɢƴˣץһɫĳ֣ݺᣬֱӺɨϰ
ƷǿҲһֻץֱӾͽһɿֲĽ˺鿪
ɢ˵Ĺûа취˿κε
ûôҹܳһ̿ʼҾѾһϵĴˣй˵˵ĿЦƷ˵ͻƵ򾳣Ҳֻѣ
Ҹһᣬ˵Ļ֣ҽԷһ·Ļһ
Ʒ˵Ŀʵϣɢ˶ԭ˵ܻмвܹشпɱ
Ҳͬ򾳣ǧ򣬸֮񣬲ɢҪ
˫еĲرԶ˵ɢ˸ʲô
ɱǷţӰ֣˵ȫν顣
Ҫ֪ǣɢĻĺ־˭
ҳܣҲܣ
ɢŭĿԲѪǱƵ˾·
һ˲䣬¾ͽ˳
רһͨڹؼʱ򣬿ԽԼս
ֻƽʱʹһУǷˡ
ǵһﻹʲôѡΨкͳƷӲƴϾʱڸδҪڵ׷ɱ
ʹƴһѡ
ڤ粻飡
Ҫ˵ɢˣƷѹҲû˿ֻǷֱһȥ
¡
һƺݺݺǸ޴ޱȵ֮Уԭǿޱȣ·һƬص׵һ˲һһĹ˿
ɢ˺ķһе۳ԳƷʱʲôãǲһġ
ۣ
ƣɢ⵽˿µķɣһ˲ı˳ȥ˺ƶߵķһ㣬һӾ͵ɳȥԶ
ô
ɢ˼ֱо˾ƷǿѾԶԶԤϣ򾳣Ҳܹɽӡ
Ȼ㲻˵Ǿȥɣ
Ʒ˵һ˲䣬ӰѾɢ˵Ϸ
Ȫ̤
Ʒһż̤ȥֱӽɢ˵ȵķѡ


2300 ٴͻƣǧһٵ
ɢˣ
ɴ䣬ûһ˿ˮ
ոͻƵĳƷѸײڶ֮ƣ׾ٵĻˣǻɱɢˡ
չֳһ˵Ϊͬǧ򣬳Ʒʵɢ֮Ĳֱ࣬ͬһĲࡣ
޿ƥУʵѾ޵ˣ
˵Ժ֮Уɵðһͷ
ԭؾ֮УѾ޵УеѹסĳƷһ򾳣ٶ
˦һλ
Ͳͬһ֮С
ôͬ㣬ʵôǿô࣡
콾ĵ˵
Ƕûоʱ
ǲϵͻͻƵԭĳ̶ȡ
ЩȻǿȴǿԿķΧ֮ڣǳƷչֳʵȴʸûˡ
һ˱ǿһЩʱܻĽʺ޵뷨ǵһ˱Ҫǿ̫ʱ򣬾ͲĽʺ޵뷨ˡ
ϵϲἵϵΪͬһϵĴڡ
ǰ˸оǴӳƷϸо˾Ĳࡣ
ǲܼʱȥˣֻᱻƷԽԽԶ
Щ콾ֻܿعǿɲʲô֮ÿһ֮ӣͬʱսʯ
ҪҡЩô򵥣˵Ǹ顣
ֻǳƷֵ̫ޣһʱǵľ¶˼ѡ
˶ɵðԴ⣬ԲܼȥҪͻƵ򾳣ܸϳƷĽŲ
ȻɲǳƷĶ֣뻹һ֮Уڱ޴Ĳࡣ
Ʒ£ȣԽΪԼΪѾ׷˳ƷʱǻᱬӾ˵ʵ
֮ǰһΪһǧѾļˣȻɺܾޣȴѾһ֦ˣϾһǧȻɲ࣬ȴҲһЩˣôرˣת۾ͱݺݴرǸ
˸ͬ˵
ΪǧѾļ޵ʱȻɹܳ򣬻Ϊܣһ콾˵ûʧȥģȴҲòϣƷĴڣǴ棬񻰡
ߵÿһڴʷǰ޹˺ߣһδ߹·ϣ
ˣǷӣ֮Уʣɹǵļޣ֪Ȼеϣ
۷׷֮ʣƷǰɢ˵ʬΪ޾Ѫӿ˳Ʒ˫֮С
ˡ
ɢ˵ıδԭ˵ɢ
ƷϾͷӦ˹һƬϹսķãϹսķ֮£ԭӦѾɢ˵ɹ
֮ǰϹʱԭӦһġ
ƷѾΪʵ廯ֱսԼ֮С
˾ֻɢµ򲻹ֻƬ֮䣬ѾƷɡ
µħ֮⣬ĶƷ˳µĸˡ
һǰ㶼û£ƷȻڿʼУں̵ܶʱ֮ɢѾƷ׵׵˸ɸɾ
˳Ʒķ֮УͬʱҲóƷҲ˾޴ı仯ԭĳǧһԾǧһٵ򣬱𿴽ֻһٵ
ǶڳƷ˵ǷǳҪģΪζֽʵĿٽڣ֮ǰؾеһ㣬żסòɢ˵ͻơ
һٵ򣬲Ǳķħķ
Ʒħĳ֮£һħһ
ʱͬ˹һĿųƷû뵽ƷȻܹǿز
ͺ;ԶԶ֮ϵĳǰһɢնɱѪգҲƷա
ԭҪɱƷǽȴƷ׾ٵķɱˡ
û˻ɢ̫ˣϾһ򾳼Ĵڡ
ΨһԭҲֻһǾǳƷ̫ǿˡ
ǿ˿ԭΪż
ԼǸһˣ
ԽˣԽһЩΪԼ𱻳Ʒоƽϡ
ƷȻûں޵뷨𣬺ֲǵһҲһر


2301 ޿赲
ô
Ҳѣ
ڳƷ˵ȷʵʲôͬҰһ㱻׾ٵɱ·ߵĲ׷Ҳм
˵Ǳ񣬵ǶڳƷ˵ǸʲôȻ˵·ߵҰݣʵҲˡ
ȫû˵ӡ
һ֣Ҳ˵ĸо
ڴʱĺ˵Ʒʵɲ⣬ͬһ޴ޱȵĺڶһС
ǲ֪ǿ϶ٱ
оһӾͱ޿ƥеĴڡ
޿赲ֱ޿赲Ϲս֮УֵѾˣ
һЩƵǿƾĹѹһͷҪɱܣĳЩչصϹԳɽпܣ
˵˶֪ǾϹս֮ϵؾ򾳣֮еٮٮߡ
֮еʧߣǿߣ˭ʱϹս֮ɡ
Ϊԭ֮УоѾǰҪĸֲŻϹս֮С
Ϲս֮е򾳵ĸ֣Ҳǧĳ̶ȣ̫ǿ
ǿĸһҲǰϹսĸһ¢еԴΪ˵ĵӵĿꡣ
ҲҪЩϹŸԼȻҲͲôĵˡ
ô룬Ʒ㻹޵УǿҲûκεˡ
һһأƷ֮е򾳶Ķ֡
ͷ涼Ǿͷˣû뵽һһͷȻǳƷ˾˵
ͬʱҲһЩ˳޳Ʒ˶ʱܵ˼в
ãƷɳȥǻ˵ã˵ǵ˵
Ѿҵ̫ˣЩˣĻ»ûʲôܹκεˣ
һҪ취ЩǰɽΨǲܹնɱƷ붯Ҳϧ
ҧгݣδʺϳƷжĳԹ
֮·ֻһֻһ˿Գһˣôͳͳᱻ
ǰ̣Ȼ죡
ƷƺҲںеľΪ֪ôҲ͵ˡ
ȻҲ͵ȴҲû㣬Ϊ֪
һս֮Ը⻹ǲԸ⣬Ϊͷľַش֮
Ʒ£ôʺ磬˷Ĳϴ񣬳ƷܹɳΪΪ׳Ĳ
֪֪һΣʲô˷Ϣǵģⶼ֪ǾǸˣƷź˵
޶ʱЩƵĿųƷȻϣҲǲݰ
ʮƣƷǽˣȻܸ˳ƷȴǸɵӡ
ŵϢôܲȥ֤һ£ȻûȫǴڹȻºۼ鵽һЩ˿
֪ԷǰԼһѵֻԭҲںԼʵžԵţһǧ֮ͬмǺɨ
ĳƷҲǺ·
ȻҪҲһαãϾ˭ǳֵ˻˵ء
ϣ˭ǳֵ˻˵ֻû뵽ǣֵ˲ǳƷ
ӦĴڣȴˡ
һֲ
˲ǱˣڵĹ룡ҧгݵ˵
ǹϢֿڻö˶˵Ϲս֮ݺᡣ
ΪĹϵԼȴƷơ
ʲôȻ
޵СϹս֮Ϻܶ˶ˣʱ׷𾪣ЩҲϷӦ˹
ںͳƷ֮ĶԹֵķзʵҲѾܣֻҪ΢һ֪
ҲͻɳƷɱĦȭҪԸ
뵽˲ɵðզ࣬κһĶܴһųưһʱһѹܻҪԸƷˡ
ֻҲòĶȥ
⹫ҲڵһҾĴֻû뵽һоȻڱµɱ֣
ôֱʣԼҲȻܹӰɣ
۷׷ףԼͬĽĿת˳Ʒ
ڵ֪Ļ־Ȼڵ£أ
ԭƷ뵽֮ǰǸԼһӵꡣ


2302 ըϹս
Ʒ˹ݣϴ˼Цĵ̫ˣൽԼҲ֪жٵˡ
һ仰ܽĳҲһ
֮УôҪͬʱʵӰģȴûж١
Уھλ
ԵڵĵڰгıһУƷ⣬һȻĸо
ԭǸһƷЦһ˵ߣ
ʲôȥЩ˵
ɱפأҪǸһ˵Ʒ˵
Ҳû֤ݣЩɵ˵
ȻǺޣҲ֪ھжôǿͿ£ո˸˾ҪôֲĴڡ
붼ú޾üֱҪιȥˡ
֤ݣҪôƷһЦ˵ڻʱҪ֤ô
ȻҪΪڵǿԼĲ²ж
֮ǰƷֻؾҪע⣬Ѿ򾳣ʵ˷츲صı仯һƬϹս֮УƲ޵УҲˡ
ʵǿĴڣҲɱ
ĵơ
ǲأʵ
ǾʹǽһĴ𸴺ˣңҵҪмԴ
ƷһЦ˵¶ǿڣƷҲû˿Ƿϡ
Ѿ׺˺ˣʹóʱڶԭĻҲҪȷ˰ɡ
ȻˣǾ췭ظ
κεԼ
Ʒ֣ԴԼ֮ľҲ̥һı仯ԭҪС飬ڸġ
ЩκԼҪ顣
ǿʵһŸԴĴڡ
ʵ磬ҲԱ֮ΪһͷĴڣɽţҲں̵ܶʱ֮һһŵĹģ
ߵᱻ
˴˵Ҳ֪Ƿ񻹴ڵķĸ֣Щ򾳵ĸּ´ССе顣
Ҫ֪ڵҲֻ򾳵Ϊѡ
ʱĳƷĳ˵Ǻͷڵƽƽľͷ
ԲûһģҲ֪ڵĿ£һҲᵥǹƥȴֲȻ
񹦴ɣͬǰ㣬ɹʣǸʱ򣬻ʸ񲻽ڷ
򼴱ǷǿҲûʸڲǳƷôˡ
ʲôҪȥ˰ɣ
ڵפôôô
̫ˣϲȥռһλã
ģҪ濪սôƷڣ
˶ֻóˣǳƷȻҪڿս
磬սʣ϶ʧܣ֮ежٵ̣жôĿֲ֪
˭֪ŶϹһʵ춯ء
ϹսôһоͲͬˣϹս֮УʵȻǿȴҲֻ֮һ߱һ
仰˵˶ʶˣƷȻпܽȻ
ǶһӸŷˡ
ųƷź޵ĺ󱳣һݹʧԭء
˶ͬը˹һһ˲䣬˶˾׷׸˳ȥ׷̤ͬŶݹ⳯Ϲս֮еפطȥ
ϢҲٶȱڳ˴˳ȥ
ЩִϢٶȣǲƬ֮䣬Ϲս֮гڱչص֮⣬˶֪ʼĩ
ʲôƷһǧնɱˣ
ƷȻǧôģѵħô
ʲô򾳣Ʒս֮ͻƵ򾳣ôܣô
˶ɵˣ˶ȥ֣һֱڲ֪ƷȻɱһǧͬʱշһ
ں򾳸ֵս֮УɹͻƵ򾳡
һʯǧˡ
˼ڤ룬ҪͻƵʱ򣬳ƷȻĿ֮ͻƣٴν˦ɳȥ֡
ඥ콾ǸоƷֳʮӽٶ̫ˣ쵽˼ǽϣȻϲϡ
һǧ򶼲֪ô۳ʱ򣬳ƷѾ۳ǧ򣬲һɹͻƵ򾳡
˵ֱجġ
һʼǲŵģ֮¼ĻӰͼΣǿ˳Ʒصʵ㲻ţҲš


2303 ȥ
һʱ䣬Ϲսը˹
Ʒľʵȫ˦һٶȣ˶òΪ֮Ŀ
֪ϢɫΪֻǲףһǧ򹹼ܵǧ򹹼֮ܵ便жĲࡣ
ҲΪʲôЩڴﵽԭļٵ֮󣬻뷽跨ͻƵһǧ
Ϊٵͻƽ򾳺һǧž޴Ĳ
ǵ뷽跨ͻ˼ޣΪܹ׷ϳƷʱȴû뵽Ʒٶͻˡ
Ǿͻƣ
ǼҪδһǧͻƵǧ
Դһǧ֮ٶһ˵޷顣
˵лвٻڰ˰ٵŰٵǻһǧδﵽ
ƷѾͻǲﵽļޣﵽǲĳ̶ȡ
Щ˵Ҳһ޴Ĵܡ
ܿ죬˵Ŀⶼеڵפء
һһǿĴڴԼչصĵط׷׸ڵפء
פأһƵĹų֮ǰһݹ߶ȴһӰһͷ޵ϣȫǡ
ǳƷͺޡ
ʲôˣ
ƷŸոһųǰδü۲һųǵڳоͱһŭȡ

Ʒһȣȫ𶯡
޴ϵǽϣɢɢмϵ£еķӡ𶯡
ʲôˣ
һӷӳʮӰ
жһǰϹսඥ콾лһ
ò˵ڵĵȷʵĿ£㱻ƷնɱȻкü
Щ׷ϣڶʮ֮ףûб
ܵҲõԴ˶ٵ̣û֪
ֻһСֵʵҲȷʮſҪǿĶˡ
ѹ֮ǰΪͷɱƷʱԱ׵ķ£Ҳˡ
ĵ̣ʵԶڷ֮ϡ
ǸǳƷ֮ǰйһ֮ԵĹ롣
Ʒ㾿ʲô
ҲмȻû뵽Ȼ˳Ʒ
м𾪣Ĺƣʱ򣬳ƷӦñΧ˲ŶԣڳƷǵûֱɱˡ
ڿԱߵĺޣԸƷһѵô
ڷǵûжԸƷͳƷվһ
Ѿ֮ˡ
ɱˣƷ䵭˵ʲôȻڰҪɱң
΢΢һ䣬ʱףΪʲôƷڵɱˡ
Ϊ֮ǰ¶ˡ
࣬㾹ȻңҪһ㣡
ƷǻδڣԱߵĺޱ̲ס
Ҫǹ룬ҲڱƷշˬǣԷͷβɵһˣת
𣬷κһʱѹһеĴڣھȻΪ˿Цӣá
ڹඥ콾ʱҲ׷ױɫܹоֲֿϢ
һ統ĳƷǰ㣬ǧ򣬶ֻмٵĶ콾˵ֱѹǡ
ȻԳƷʱ򣬺ȫǶ֣һֻ־͸ѹסˣǲ̫ˣǳƷ̫ǿơ
Щͨ콾Ͷ콾ǣ޵Ŀ˸쾡¡
һ֮֮ͳͳס
һȫͷ˿ֱƿ˺ɢĿֲϢ
뺣࿹⣡
ʱڵ콾ǲ֪ԭⱳȻԭ
Ҳܹ⹫ΪʲôôͳƷ
ǳƷҲãǺδС
ԵĻȻһȶһǿ
ôܾˣĻģ
ȻƲɣǵûƷóƷͺִ
Ʒ˵㣬֤ݣּɵ֮ɫоԵİտԶԿ˳ƷĻҲͲڱƳƷˡ
֤ݣҪôɱңɱ㣬칫صƷ˵
ɱңƾ㣿˵
Ʒ̫죬뻹δյϢ֪ƷѾ򾳣ĻͲô˵ˡ
ȻɵƷȴҲϾĳƷһǧҪġ
ͬҲһǧ˫ƽƽȻҲûʲôµˡ


2304 Ŀ
ԼԳƷڵɱţҲû˿¡
Ƶ㣬أ˵ɱ㣬⼸ƺûɱ㣬ҲνȻҪ
ȻƷزҲûκôɴȥˡ
ɱңмɰգƷЦһ˵
λʦʦܣѾϢ˼λǰڸ·ϣֻҪһʱ䣬Ʒɣ˵
һڵ콾Ƿ׷һ䣬ڵķӵ׷Գ˲ͬ
Щڵ콾ҲǷʣһԻȻͺѰǲһġ
ܺãұֻҪɱһ룬ȻǶҪǾһ죬ɱǣ
Ʒ۾Ȼ󿪿˵
𣡡
ߣѾ಻סˣ˫֮ǳ޵Ĺâ
ĹҲ³
ڳƷǰޱܵķģ̫ʱڵĺа
޾ˮԪڰ֮гͣȻһ˲γ캧˳·ʮǿڵĵӺɨȥ
ЩڵĵҲѱԵҲǺʾսɱ˺ޡ
ֻһ˲ѣ޾չֳΪĿֲ
޴̤źˣһ棬ֱɱûü콾
콾еؾ֮ͬҲٮٮߣں޵ĳ֮£ֻһоͱײѡ
޳Щ콾Ͷ콾֮УͬͻɽȺһ㡣
㾹Ȼң
ŭɶź޴ɱ䡣
콾ֶ࣬ǰѾν顣
ûκ壡
ҪϾ˾ú޼ɱķȥĻܿЩ콾̾ͻʧء
һų֮е콾Ͷ콾Ը׷Ļ̣һʧ̫֮ڣûʲôˡ
Ҫ֪ڵɲֹһͬǾ֡
ոҪȥغޣ͵ط֣ƷϢȻԼ
Ȼ
ʶȻܳƷôеıΪӰ
һΣܵмϲıɨֵڲŸоʵǰСûκ塣

һȣһɲǼ䣬رĺڰڹһ»ڶ
ǹ壬̫ʥ塣
һʳһϵ̫ʥʣϹ𣬺ɨ޵Уڵ֮һ
ӵеʼĳƷȻһ۾ϳ̫ʥ塣
ڷ֮ҲǺպһʡ
һ˲䣬ؼҲκεһУֻйһ¹֮ϣŴء
һ˲䣬ƷͿһ¾Ȼһ˵ٶȺݺݳųƷ
⾳ԻһɲǼ䣬ͳˡ
׼ݣһҪƷˣ
ֻҪʱ䣬ȵǼλйصǰǰ֮󣬾ͿɱƷ
ƷֻǵĿһһ£һָһָ㵽һ֮ϡ
أ
һ˲䣬һ¾ȻѣȻĹɢȥ
ĺҹҲ类˺ѿһ㣬ųǲ³֡
ۣ
һѪ˳ˡ
ֻһѣͱش˫֮Уأǲŵ飬ԼȫһȻƷô赭дĸˡ
˫ʵô֮
鱨Ѽ˵ȫͬ
鱨ϵĳƷͬһǧѣսв࣬Ҳ⵽ز
ǲǾú֣ΪʲôһǧɲҵĶ֣ƷЦЦ˫֮вŵ鱻
Ǿ㿴ʵĿˣƷ˵ţ֮չ˿Ƭ֮䣬ѾС
ʱᵽ֮ǰƷָо֮ͬУ˵жޱȡ
򾳡ɴ۾Ϊʲôıʧˡ
ı㲻νǵˣڳƷʵ˵ǵ͹Ǹ߹ˡ
󻹰ɢȥ˽Ʒ
İţƷҲѷɡ
ƫƫƷȻɱԭ벻ףڲףƷѾ򾳡
֮ǰıܳɹء
ûгɹĿܣ


2305 ɱ
򾳵ľǿǰʲôı㶼ûκġ
һʮᣡ
ѹֳƷںǣҲںı㣬Ϊ̫ǿˡ
ǿôı㶼ûκôĵز
ֻ֮ںޣֻǲǻںԼ˳Ʒǵõ鱨׼ȷ͹˳Ʒ
֪ôֲӦ÷ݣǿĸɱƷ
ƷԽǱֳɱʵԽǼɵɱƷǴû
ҵϣĲԩƷ˵
󾪣㲻ɱңڲŹǵģ
ƷۿŹ룬һӲ֮ˣıԼʱҲûڵŭǿʵˡ
ǰƷܻɵ֣ǵڣ򾳣ʵֱ˷츲صı仯
ҲǾҲκβ
ڲҪˣ
Ʒһֻץһֻ֣һֻͬһĿֲ֣Ϸķ˸ž˵Ĺâ
һɲǼͽץС
ضûУûĲô
ÿһ˶ǳƷؾӲ򾳣ͨ򾳣ֻһǧĸ֣ԿԱ
Ǿ磬ķƷԶʤ룬޻֮
㲻ɱңɱң
ʱʶ٣ΪĿɽ͵ƣƷͲں
أ
һ˲䣬ѣƷһץѪˮһ˲䣬ͱƷ˫֮е˽ȥ
Ƭ֮֮оȻһ»ڶں˹̫ʥݻ
صܹںϸָݻʵŵ㡣
ں̫ʥ壬Ʒ͸оԼֶһٵ̫ʥݻ
ؼķ򣬻ݻݻУݻ漰˴Դķ
ֽ׶εʿܹõģҲ̫ʥƾܹǰ
ҲΪʲôͨЩʱ򼸺޻֮ԭΪǻܽӴʱЩѾܹɷͨ
˫սϾر
Щ弸Ӱ֮ӣͨ˸ûа취ġ
ʲô붼ɱˣ
ڳƷոնɱ˹֮ʱЩƷĸֲڸϵ
ոոϵͿ⾪˵һĻ
𾪣֮ڡ
֮ΪǶ֪ƷѾһ򾳡
֮Ϊ˶û뵽ƷȻĸҶ֡
֮ͬǰƷնɱڿɻ죬ôʣҪڳ˺ˡ
ѵһ㶼ô
˼ǲ˼˵
ڿ϶ưոݣƷϹսΣѵ㷵ô
ֻҪݣȴģȻ·һ
۷׷ף˶ʶˣھԲưոݡ
ϻ¶˼ϲ飬֮ǰ˻ҪβɱƷԼ׺˺
֮ڶĴ͵͵İ㣬ǹ׷ɱˡ
ԳƷֳʵֻҲδܹκε
Ʒʵǿڵ֮񣬼ֱ޷󣬼򾳣Ȼûʤ㣡
˸пս֮Уڵĵӿ뱻նɱʱ׷״ʧɫ־ŭ
ƷȻĸֱ֣ȫڷ
ʱҲѱеŭ𳹵й˳ɱЩ콾Ͷ콾
Ȼͬ򾳣ȻʵͺȣһϵĴڡ
սҲܿ챻޴ɢƬ֮䣬ɢӴܣƷһֻԱ߿ţ׾ͳסЩˣֲ˽͵סЩ˵֮·
Щڿ·֮󣬷׷ŭĿԲŭţųź޷ɱԵĹ
Щ콾Ͷ콾ʵף£ʱһЩǱ
ܿͱٶɱɢûãͱһնɱ
Ʒ󱬳ΪѪһ֮ڣһǱգΪϡ
ˣפ֮еĸּ趨ʱĿĶû


2306 Ծ򾳣ش
ٶʵ̫ˣ쵽˼Щ뿴һսҲе㿴ɵˡ
ʵٶ̫ˣûиκηӦʱ䣡
Ʒ׾ٵһɱ룬ź޴ɱ䣬ڵɱ˸ɸɾ
ʵҲס뷨֮ˡ
ƷڵʵͲܹ˵Ĵڡ

أһŭŭԶһֻƿ˲񷣬һ˲䳯ųƷķץ˹
ƷҲҲһۣȫÿһë׶ŽֲĺڳƷͷϼϣһھ޴ޱȵĹ⽣
䣡
һھ޴ޱȵĹ⽣նȥһֻնƣΪޡ
ţһµӰѾ˵ǰ
˶һȴһ£룬׷ͯյߡ
̺֮ͣĿֲ˲
򾳣һ򾳵ĸ֣
˵ʱӦ˹ڳһ򾳵ĸ֡
ڵʵȻϹսֻ֮һ򾳵ĸ֡
ֳһ
ֳ̾ʶʲôʱɫһƬ࣬ڵפؾȻϵ±˸⡣
֪һڵ֪Ϣ̾Ҫը
ôĵӣڵҲûӸɱô콾
ָųƷŭɶ޲ýʬΡ
֮еһ̫ϳϣ֮ͬλȨأֻ츳е֮󣬼Ѿﵽ˼£ΪͻƣϹս
ˣڸţ֮䶼Уÿһ˶ͬЩ콾һ㣬ΪԷˮһļ򵥣׾ٵ
Ҳ콾ȴҲֻһӵߣʱϲδ顣
κʿ˵ʱ䶼Զġ
ɱˣΣƷ˵£๣
Ǿ
ڵ̫ϳ˵
ҪҵǾԿˣƷҲ˵
ڵ̫ϳë֮жʳһƵľϯһɿֲķ籩
һϢȻԶԶǿЩؾ콾ǣ֮ǰƷնɱɢҲͬڵ̫ϳҪһЩ
ǧٵ
ڳǧٵ򣬹ֻԶԶɢˣѧĸɵľѧʵɢҪǿϡ
˶ʱͷһڳϸǵѹ̫ˣŴɳ̫ϳϣ֮ڣڣ˵ѾǿĴˡ
ˣһʱ֮У޿ƥеĴڣһǸ߸ϣõı˴̳
Ҳƽ֮Уʵ̫ˣൽĵزƽѵһŶ緱ǣǲпܱܡ
ſܱЩŸ̳Ѿơ
ƷǵһչֳʵĴڶѡ
ڵ̫ϳϻϼ˸ͬһ㣬ȫɢһֳ׵Ϣ̤Ż⡣
ͨͬһȼյĻһ
ɱ
ڵ̫ϳһȣɽ绢񷶼һȣһ޴ޱȵɲǼͷ˳ųƷ˹
Ҳ򾳸սıرֶΣ˭ǿ˭ռȫơ
ƷͬŲæɢҫ۵ĹâǲõĽ⽫еĺƻƽĹһ
һ˲зӯ죡
ƷϵķӿͬӭŶϣ߿ϿȥԶԶľͬɾκײһ
໥ɣ໥˺һУ
ȫͬĴ֮ײֱӣ⣬ûκεĻڣ˭ĴǿͻռϷ硣
ȻƷĴǿȻ΢ռƣҪ̫̫ˡ
ͲһϵĴڡ
Ƭ֮䣬̫ϳϵͱƷ˺ѿһ˵ѿڣͬһ޴˿ڡ
һ˲䣬ڵ̫ϳϺͳƷײһŴײһ
¡
񷶼ڱҵĲѳһ޴ѷ죬ޱȵյ˿һ
˽Ĳ鲼񷣬Ѫ¡
ڵ̫ϳȻͣǴʱȴɱ޵е̬޵С
Ʒҡ
˶һڵ̫ϳϵĸȻһ˺ѵ˿ڣѪ
ƷǺˣȻڵ̫ϳںͳƷĽ֮г˴


2307 򾳵ĥʯ
ƷȻռϷ磿أԲ˼飬ķռϷ£ڵ̫ϳڵһν·硣
ѹ֮еĵһˣ̫ǿˣ
أ𾪣Ʒֻһ֣չֳ˾˵ʵ
Ǹڵ̫ϳϵĸһ˺ѳһ˵˿ڣɼǡ
ƷУһ˸ҫ۵ĹâѪһһδӽâ֮ϻ
ϴžϢ
ʲôֵģ˵ֻǻѣ˵࣬Ϊܴ࣬򱬶棬ǲЦʱһ콾Цһ˵Ǹڵ̫ϳϣҲһѰ콾ʣеϣѾǼˡ
Ϊ£ɴ̫ϳϡ
һսر
Χඥ콾һ飬ûؾЩڵĶ콾ȴɱô
ϵĲ໯Ϊսϵࡣ
Ǹڵ̫ϳͬţȻˣֻһѾͱƷشӼսȥ롣
ɫޱѿδȻֲزķȳƷϲ٣һƷᴩɱǴпܵ顣
ʱ֮У콾ǿɼ飬Ѿ֮ͬеٮٮߣ֮ͬбǿ޼໹֮·ϡ
νĶ콾ν𣬸ûжٸд
һν֣ˣΪʲôô꣬ѹʱҫʱ䳤֮ϵĴˡ
Ʒ˺ѿ˿ڣûа취ϡ
Ķ棬ƷֻǴڰ֮У·ǻƽĹƺҲŽ
Сңڵ̫ϳϼϾ˳Ʒ˼ѹûн
ʱգŭɶ
ƷСңض㸶ѪĴۣ
ڵ̫ϳϸ˵һֹϵľģȻڵѪһ˲ˣƷĽڡ
Ѫڣ˿һ˵ٶϣȻоĵĹâ
һֹϵĹž֪ʲôģõʱΪһ
ڵ̫ϳϲûͣϵϢȻڲϵıǿ·һ˲䣬˵ʵһ
Ʒ۾ķڵ̫ϳϷʩչĳһһʵ
ͷҲһ˲ݣԭͷȻǰɫģܹͷĵһ֣ʢ˿͹⻬
Լãڵ̫ϳϿһ˲̫Ѫ
ǳƷʱҲܹоڵ̫ϳϴǿѹˡ
ҶҪۣ
ʱڵ̫ϳ˲Ѿˣ΢΢һΣһͨɫ̦ͭѾС
¡
âһ˲ѾѹգɲǼ䣬ֲϢŰ񷼤
ԶĸǾڵ̫ϳյط̫ˣսһ
һն
Ǹڵ̫ϳϴһֳͭŵһɱһâͬҫݺųƷҪ˲ɱ
֮Уâ˸ſ̫ĿֲâԶԶģ·һoѹһ
ƷܵĴڣڣֻǳƷǵһܹеϵڵĸ֡
֮ǰľҲûΪ͸˵ˣͱɱʩչĿûС
Ϊѹ׵ľѧȻӹɡ
Ʒ޾壬ָȭһֲȭƺɨ
䣡
һȭ񷶼ıһ޴ĺڶ
أ
˫˵ĹݺײһɲǼ䣬ضŲˣųҫ۵Ĺâɢ
˾ķ֣ԭһͱƷشǸڵ̫ϳϾȻƷƽɫ
˾ǣķƷ٣£ƷսȻԭǸ̫ϳϵһࡣ
սԾǨֱεԾǨ
Ǹڵ̫ϳʵ˷츲صı仯ȻκβóƷ
ǺεȺ˵飡
˵ǰδе顣
е˼
ƷЦƺΪǸ̫ϳϵŵ෴ģսǸڵ̫ϳϵĥʯĥĶ


2308 ն̫ϳ
һҵĲɱâһ
ڵ̫ϳϺ޲ɱƷȫѪж޲÷ַӾŪƷ
Ʒǽڵ̫ϳϵĥʯԼܹӦ򾳡
ɱ
ɱ
ɱ
ڵ̫ϳϣɱȫԡѪǵģԼѪ
˺ܿͷ֣ڵ̫ϳѾԼȫǱԼսһࡣ
ԳƷʱɲĶ֣ɱѹ·硣
ÿһεײƲʤǳƷ̩ɽΪڵ̫ϳȴÿÿѪ
˶ף˫ΪϵĲͬ
ʱõڵ̫ϳΪȴƷ׼ȷ˵ӦԶԶ硣
ƴȫ˵ĵƷ
ͺһ˽۶Էô㶼˲ҡ
˾ĵط
ΪκսʤԷϣ
ÿ£ƷΪѾʲôزˣʲôʣôô£أԲ˼˵
˻ǵһμƷչֳ־˵Ϊԭܼ򵥣Ϊ֮ǰĵˣƷ׾ٵĺɱˣԸҲ̸Ϲ˵óƷչֳ־˵Ϊ
һֱڵ̫ϳϣƷĥʯ˹ôεľͻᡣ
Ʒһ˵ΪҲ˽⵽Ļᡣ
ɱɱɱ
ڵ̫ϳŭɢֲѪ棬һɱһ㣬ޱߣûκΰ취ֿ
սϣûκõĿԣΨнǰ֮˻ɱпܻ뿪
һΣûпܻ뿪
Ķ棬ƷҲͬŻѪ֮࿹⣬ϵͭŵײ
ȻƷʹ÷ǿȴЩ
̶ʱ䣬˫뽻ǧУ϶һһĺɫѷ죬ǽش֮ӡ
ڣһͭŵڱƷ֮ڲظƣڵһƳ֮Ѹٵ֩״˷ϯ
һ˲䣬һͭŵڰ֮н壬ͭƬ˷ɢȥ
ù㿪ؾĸֱֱУɲǼ䣬ͱɥ
һǾȥ򾳸ֵĽ̫ˡ
½ֻǽֵನȻֲֿҪվںĵĵش˫ֵನԽ׾ٵɱ
ۣڵ̫ϳһѪ⵽˷ɣأšôܣ
ֱţƷȻͽ־ͽͭŵˣֱһ
ֱ壬ĳһ壬ߺ޵ʡ
Ƕģⷽȷʵռƣ
˵ͽֽ򱬣ֱһ
ҲӸղս״̬֮˳һ˹
ڸղһϵеĽ֮Уûô·磬Ȼʵȫµ˿ڵѷ졣
ѪѾȫȾԶԶȥһѪһոմѪ
״̬ϵıƷ䣬ԽԽƷͬȻܹоƷʵȲ
ȻƷķûӣϵ򾳵ķ򣬶ԽԽϤսҲʱƣϵӡ
µģԼڲϵ˥ڲϵǿֱ˾þ
ܵģôز
ڵ̫ϳŭţ·һͷ˵Ұһ
òܣʶ̫ˣղŲĥʯҾӦ򾳵ʵҾ֪Ĳ࣡Ʒ˵
Ʒ˵ţȫɢ˾˵Ĺâţָȭ޾Ĺâָ֮ͷ˳ڳƷ󣬻˰˲
ڣڡҹ桢Ǭšޣ¥ޣޣĦȡ
˲ڳƷoһ㣬һ˲ڵ̫ϳϺɱȥ
ʲôȭ
ڵ̫ϳϲ㱻ܹоһȭޣ˵Ҫߡ
æնͼ赲ƷһȭʲôôƷһȭ͸ˡ
ƷȥƲһȭ䵽̫ϳϵ֮С
ۣ
̫ϳһѪֱӵ˳ȥûбֱӰս塣
ҲûõȥѪѪ׷ɡ
һ˲䣬һâֱ̫ϳϵͷ­ɳȥ
ڵ̫ϳϣ


2309 չؿ
ڵ̫ϳԳƷʱһ׾ٵɱ
һĻסΧЩΧ۵֡
Ǽ˹һ
û뵽ȻǿزҵȾϹܳ򣬿ֻºĲȻһľ޴ɣ
һŴ콾˵
ֻһ̫ˣƷǿ̫ˣ׷ϳƷľ磬ֻҲǳƷĶ֡
ڿ»ᱬըˣưոݰɣ
ڵĳƷֻҪСһ㣬͸ڿĴˣ
ҿǹҧͦ⿴໥˺ҧģ
ֵ뷨Բͬ󲿷֮࣬ǾҲΪҲãǳƷҲãԤ˵֮С
˫֣˭ʤ˭˵Ǻ£Ǵ¡
Ʒһ̫ϳϵʬ׸Ѫ⽽ൽ֮С
֮Ѿйʵڳ졣
򾳵֮УĶ٣ȻǹؼеĹؼķ̶ҲǹؼеĹؼ
ֻ¸ûа취ܳһǿ
ڷ֮£ԽǻʵȻҲԽǿ
ͣһƷڵЩ콾µĲƸѹһ֮ʩʩȻź뿪һųǡ
ʱһų֮еսѾȻϹսһʱ䣬ϹսɵΪ֮һͣ˶ɵۣƿԡ
ΪƷĵ죬ҲΪ˵ʵ
˺뷨ֻ²ʵģʣǷëǣ֮е
ûж١
ƫƫƷھʵ
ԭ﹫ŵ˵ЩؾڵõϢ֮Ҳڵһʱ֮ززˡ
ʣҲ³ƷǴɱ䡣
Ʒڶڵĸ˵ɱҲɱˣοǡ
ǴʱȻٲǵȥҳƷ鷳
һֱĳŵȷڵĸֲ֪ʲô
ҿҲ̫ˣʸϢʱ򣬼ΪԼˡ
ǻҪȥ֧ԮƷһ˶Ⱥۣ˭֪ƷȻô׾ٵĽǿдɱɱ
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ʦܹȻ˲ã򾳰ǷڣҲǿԽʵˣ
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˵ķڵ콾ˣǵʱҲû˵˭͵硣
ɱɱ
ʲôƣʵǰûκ塣
ģ˼ɣҡ
ڸԵʱ֮Упĳ̶ȣȺ۲콾繷ߵĻƽ֮УǵʻܹΪһҪư£Ǹġ
ϢڶݵĳĬ֮ϾƷҲΪ˵Ľ㡣
֮ͬеһ򾳵ĴڣͬʱҲ˼ʶˣ֮ǶôľˣôĿ¡
Ѱ콾򾳸ͲЩĶ֣¾ͣ·٣ǵսȴӵľˡ
Ҳ𶼿ʼ˼ȸУѾһǧģʼԹԼ
δһǧģƴһǧ
Ѿ֪ˣƷǧľ̬򾳵ģǴʱѾȥǧˡ
ΪڴˣǿⱲӶû취뵽򾳡
еһǧ򣬼Ѿľе츳Դܸһ
ҲȥƷôģǸһܹġ
ȿ򾳲Ŀǰĵ֮
ǣЩ콾콾Ҳʼ׷׳Ź
Ʒ򾳵ʱ򾳣ôǽԶˡ
һ֮ƷҲˣǸܱȡ
˶Ȳǲǰ
һɱչĿ֮УڴʣֺͳƷս沢δ
ʣµļĵŹƷҪóƷΪڸѪĴۡ
ȴû˸жϾҲףǲؾҪԳƷֱѰ·ܳɹ
Ϲս֮ϻ򾳵ĸ֣Ϊ֮еͶ˵ĸ֣Ǹκε˳Ʒ
һʱ䣬ս϶ΪƷͻƶһչؿ֮У˶ȿֺŬͻơ
Ʒûȥˡ


2310 
ʱҲû˸ȥܳƷ飬ͻƵ֮󣬸ǽնɱ򾳵Ķ֣ƷʱѾΪϹս֮еĶС
㲻ǿҲǿ֮һ
뿪ŵĹų֮󣬳Ʒռһųǣͻʸƣŵ˼ϡ
һ˺ܿ;ۼһ𣬻ʸƣţ˼Ⱥ˳Ʒߵĺ޵ʱ˲ɵ΢΢𾪡
ܿǾͽˣϾ֮ǰƷһͷǿɱȺ޻Ҫ档
̫ŵ֮һͬǿ̫ʮ֮һ֮еߣǿߡ
磬̫ˣ뿴Щ˵ǻҲôţ
ڳƷ߹Ц
ʦܣһֳһ£ǵԸ϶ưոݣҪСģǸʱֻ»ֱӳ֣
ʸƿ˵ʵ̫˽ˣҲǳ˽ڵϰԡ
ڻưոݣǾͲµһˡ
˵ڣǷҲưոݡ
Ļ˭ΪǺ۸ģеҲ׵ɱҪۡ
ҲΪʲôͷɱ˳Ʒ֮ŭԭ¶ԷҲưոݡ
һưոݣƽϣԺǲ˭׵ķɱǷڵˣĺʵ̫ˡ
ףϹս֮κβңƷ˵ͷڷڵЩŵĻҲһնɱˣ
Ʒ֮־â˵ЩڵҲĸ󻼡
ЩɳҲǷĸ֣Ĵڡ
ˣƷȻСǣη壬ߵ˿ɲǲЩ˵Ĵڡ
ڳϹսҳϹսҲδκεңƷ⣬ڵҪĺʣʱ䡣
ֻҪ㹻ʱ䣬ܹɳԵֿڵѹĵز
ҪΪܣֻҪ㹻ǿ󣬾Σ
Ѿ֪ͨʦʱҲ棬ڶ׵ĳ֣
һԣ˼꿪˵Ʒ֮мֵǣԺ
ƷˣȻоɡ
ʦܣһ򾳣֪ûʲôԸǷʸʳһڵ콾ʮֹĵĻ⡣
ʣڳƷ֮Ψһһ򾳵ĴڣľȻǷǳҪġ
ҴǰҲΪԭҿԽҵľңô̵ʱ֮ͻƵ򾳣ʱͳͳͻƵ򾳣Ҳκβǣ
Ʒ˵ͷҲԸ⽫ľˣ⾭ԶֻԼľ飬໹еͻƵľ顣
Ȼ˵ҩͻƣǶڴҲǾ׵ģƾҩĶ֤ɻʡ
еʵļ䣬ƷڸȻеһ棬Ҫôȥͻƣֳɵӡ
һԤУ½ɽ¥Ʒ˵ԴͻƵ֮һֱĸоȻֻԤжѣɲֻˡ
ںܶ˵ͻѪһͷǷǳҪģ㶼Ҫ׼ȷ
˼Ʒ˵棬Ҳ׷׵˵ͷ
ܿ죬Ʒڹų֮пʼڱ콾͸֣ڹϵȽܵеĸֶǰ
Ϣһʱ˶ĽʺϾǿ򾳵Ըǽ
Ļ󣬱Ͼֵȼĸƽﶼ߸ϣµףôʱǽĴ
Ļʵѵã
һֵĽ⣬ҪͻƵȻҲס
ȻĽҲûκôģ
óƷû뵽ǣʼ֮һ£ȻһȺˡ
Щ˲Ǳˣ֮ǰշ˵ĻȸЩ׷ߣˡ
ʱ콾սϵķֱѾзǳʱ䣬Щ뿪˳Ʒ֮Ҳ˳Ľ
˻ȸѾ˾Űٵ֮⣬Ҳ߰˰ٵķ
˳ƷµĹ֮ǲϵĴѪϵĽɱ䣬ʮ˾ȻҲѾɱΪ˺
Ҷ˲׵Ϊ
ڵõ˳ƷϢ֮󣬶׷׸ͳƷϡ


2311 ͻ䣬Ϲս
ƷҲܸпҲǰ벽ھȻѾȫȫѪɱ
ЩҲʲô
ǻȸǱһҪϲ٣Щ׷֮УҲͷߡ
һ֮£Ʒ֪ΪʲôЩ˻ͳƷˡ
ΪʱƷ콾ս֮Ͻ޳Ѿסˡ
ʵϣԭڶԴ˾лɣŻἸԳƷҲҪɱƷţв²Ʒǽ޳С
ڳƷ޼ɵʹ֮ԭֻǲ²ҲѾòˡ
˶Ѿ²⵽ˣƷǸ޳һ˫ôģҲӹɣ϶ǶȡԾ͵ġ
ܸܲպ˵һİɣ
Ȼ֪ƷôģѾǳˡ
ͷɱ˳ƷƷӹһ٣չʵ֮ܲ
ȻҲܵǾȶԳƷֻ֣Ʒϵԣʧء
ǱƷնɱһļֵԹġ
ʧ֮ܲץ
Ʒ콾ս֮ҲͬߵնɱЩŴ콾Ⱥﱾټͷ
ӦȫͬںϵһʱһӾ˵ע⡣
²еõӡ֤ʱ򣬿νһʯǧˡ
ƷȻǽ޳ôģѵʲôͨȻȫû˿
һжˣΪʲô޳ˣͷɱЩɥ֮ôưոݣңҲҪ
ǵ찡һΪƷΪгɲŸҶԸڣȴû뵽ںܾǰѾڳˣ
ʲôƷǽ޳նɱ黹ûˣն
սΪƷʵǽ޳ֵ֮ķзԭֻΧۣҪƷܾ˵С
Ϊ֮ǰƷ콾ս֮ҲնɱĶ콾
и壬ȻĹŴ콾ڳƷϡ
ֻҪҳǸ޳ʱȴֲ޴ˡ
ô֤ûа취ҵ޳䣬һֱڶڰвѯ
˭֪ͻȻ֪Ʒǽ޳һʱ䣬³ɺһӿһʱ䣬Ϲս֮һƬ˶ԳƷɱ
ԭƷ˳۵аϲۿ˫ҪĳͻʱͻȻ֣ۺжǶûȥҳƷ鷳
ƺǵĺɱҲֻǾڿͷѡ
Ϊʧ˶ףʱƷͷʵǵǹƥ˭˵ɱ
򾳾ȥҳƷ鷳ǲѰ·ЩԭͿ򾳵ĵǣʱҲͳͳĬԶԣ׷ױ졣
ΪȻͬ򾳣Ǵɢ˺ڵ̫ϳֵϣˣͨ򾳺ͳƷ֮Ĳࡣ
֮еٮٮߣпѹƷ
ָָϹս
Ϲս֮ϵıǿ֮еĵʧߡ
һЩϹԸƷǵ˲ɣĻܻɱ
Ѿ뵽һ㡣
˻ԥϾƻ˸֪ͬ
Ϲս֮ûиǿĸݺᣬΪǲҪ֮⣬ҪǸļĬ
Щּսʣ̾ͻսƽ⡣
Щǵ콾𶼻ΪЩɱĶ
˵ƽ⣬ĬҲԲóƷɳȥ
Ϲս˷ˣ
˴ĵҶǱϹսԳƷʱͻȻ֣Ϲս֪ʲôʱ򣬾Ȼ˷סˡ
ϢһʱϹս𶯣˶ɵۣܿ죬˶׷׳ϵ֣ʲôֶϵͳͳûа취ϵϡ
鲼콾ս֮ϵĴҲ׵ױˣûа취ͳȥ
ı
Ժ֮̾뵽Ŀԣʣ˴Ϲս֣ǶϹս֮ϵ˶֡
죡
ŭɶ˵ѾĳһĳһȺˣ¡
ս֮ϣ˼ǿ壬콾սʣҪˣΪС


2312 һ꣬ʵ
ӹ񻹴ûĵӣĳһԣЩ˵죬ĵӡ
˵˿Ʒ֮ͽ
Ǻ¼еΪУǳƷû뷨ĸôôʣԾ¡
˸ʶԲԣϹսѾ֪꣬ûй顣
Ϲս֮дԳưһؾ򾳵ĸ֣˵ȴԶҡ
ǴʱϹսȴȫͬˣΪʱϹս֮ϣдĹŴ콾
ЩÿһһţһϣĻݵŷġ
ȻĻ֮ˣҲӦǳ
ĻûʲôĿԣǲ֪˾˵Ĵֱʡ
˿ʼоɽ¥ԷֻǷϹսȴ֪һġ
Щ𣬹Ŵ콾֮䣬ʼ໥
ĵ˻δ֮ǰ˶ɡ
£Ʒķͷ˲ͱѹҲû˹עƷ飬˶ڹģʲô˾Ȼ˵졣
ඥ콾𶼳ҪɳϹսȴ֣ϹսΧȻһ޴ޱȵĽ硣
罫˶Ϲս֮У˳Դƽ磬ȴûκá
һʱ䣬˶ˣ򾳵ĸ֣ûа취磬֪жôľˡ
һɷ糱ҲӰ쵽һų֮еĳƷˡ
ʸƵҲͬɳϹսҪƽִ֮Ҵҷ
ûа취Ǹ׼Ǹ̫ǿˣǵʵûа취ƣ
ʸƵ˵
ҵȵʵûа취ƣ
һһͬǰĸƵ򾳵ǿߣǽҲһĸûκΰ취ƿ硣
ʱڻ֮УŵҲͬء
˷һϵĸ֮⣬гƷ׷ߣȸ񣬺ޣˣ˼ꡣ
Ʒһ˵׷ߺ͵̣ѾԽڵЩ̡
£Ƿ֮ڵҲȻȻԳƷΪס
Ʒ۾û˵֮ǰ͸оɽ¥һһֲõԤС
Ϊǲ²еģķ˶ĸԸ
ȴû뵽ǻҪӵĶӣȻϹսһ
ʣθ֮ǰδУȻҪ˶һˡ
ھǻ֪Ļ󾿾ʲôˣĵӺ¼ɲ࣡
ͬ˵Ҳмֽ
ڰҿģҲֻԲӦ䣬ڴҶҪ뿪УȻԷҪʲô۶ԷĿʲô󶼻ᶯ֣ǸʱҲ֪ʲôˣ
˼꿪˵
ƷҲͬ˵ͷ֮УӦûܿͷ֣޷ϵϹսǸʱӦûиǰ֧ԮҵȰĵȴԮɣ
˷׷׵ͷȻҲϿɳƷжϡ
Ʒȴмֲѵûпô
䱳󾿾ʲôĿģ϶ưոݣ
ΣԲӦ䣬ǿʵؼģܹ򾳣ô۽ʲôı仯ǶӦԣ
Ʒ
˴ʱҲ׷׵ͷʱҲûбİ취
Ҳڲʱ򣬲ȡ˺ͷڵ˲
Ȼûа취磬ôȥôҲǸûκġ
ʱץУͻƵ򾳡
һܹͻƵ򾳣ôԵʲôľ棬Դݵԡ
һʱ䣬ս֮϶Ĭô֮ǰĺɱ˶ڵȴĻֵ֮ʱ̡
ŵĵȴУһʱգۼš
ĲͬǷϹսĻ֮˲δż֣һ꣬˵ĵȴУûпĻ֮
Ҳ֪ʲô˲ơ
һʱ֮У˵ʵڱչ֮˾˵Ľչ
ڽս֮µʱ֮󣬾еһλ𹹼ܳԼ򣬿򾳡
ԴΪͶ콾ͬԼһ㣬׷ͻƣܳԼ򣬿򾳡
һʱ䣬Ϲս֮϶ʱʱĸܵͻƵϢ
һڹŴ콾ʵ˷츲صı仯


2313 ʵ
̶һʱ䣬һ콾ʵ˷츲صı仯׷׿򾳡
ԭս򾳸ִʱѾ˾Ӷˡ
ͨ˹ܳ򣬿򾳣Ҳһǧ
ЩŴ콾ȴǲͨĶ콾ڿ֮Ҳܿǧ򣬶ֲոտ򾳾ӵǧ򣬶ʱھͿԳǧǧ
˵ֻǽ޵⣬һ⣬ôܹں̵ܶʱڲϵͻơ
ЩŴ콾˵Щ⣬ʲͬǱ˵ǳףѰ˵ǼޣǶ˵ȴʲô
Էˮһɽ
ǵǱ̫ˣǶڶ콾˵򾳶Ǽޣǿ뵽磬ǺľǱ
ܹ֮߶ԶͿ˵Եˡ
ӾˣǼޣлΪּĴڡ
Щ˸ոͻƣѾȡԭϹսݺЩ򾳵ĸ֣Щ򾳵ĸֶֻ˱ᣬǶ֡
ʵĶױЩ콾򱬣Ǻʤ㡣
˵ЩͨؾˣѾͶЩŴ콾ΪūΪͣ·һ
ʲôϺͽˡ
ЩŴ콾ǰȫʤ㡣
˵еٮٮߣ֮Ѿǧǿޱߡ
һų֮УƷһ̳֮ϣڼ̳ǰ棬һȺΣƷ
ͬ񻰴˵еĳһ㣬ԳƷΪȻΪ֮ʦ
ٶһʱ䣬˴ӳƷʮεһ³ƷͻῪ̳죬Ϊ˴ɽ
һʼʱ򣬷ڵЩ˻δϣϾƷȻһҲһѣǿƷ˵ʲô
ϾڿʮżȻ֮йڸͻƵ򾳣Լ֮еĵ伮ʤ
ǶȱЩţ
ʵϣ콾ս֮ϵ콾Ҳȱֻȱʱ䣬ֻҪͻƵߵļޣȻٹͻƽ򾳡
£ǶδƷϡ
ץʱԼУûȥƷ
ڵһν֮ЩƷ˶׷˾޴ջʵǣǻȸӾŰٵһ۳һǧ
ԭԼҪһʱ䣬˳Ʒָ֮ͺ׵һǧˡ
ϾѪжûеĴС
Ѫ֮еķҲֻгٵ򣬵񣬸ûָˡ
ÿǰһڿȫµʷ˸
ʵҲ˾޴ĽҲ׷˰˰ٵ
˵ȣҲ˳һǧ򣬽ҲѾһǧڹ
кѾҪܳԼ
ǵĽģĻ˼꣬˼걾ѾһǧټϳƷְֵĽ̵ǵһν֮ûãѾܳԼһ򾳡
Ϊ˳˳Ʒ֮⣬һ򾳵֮һ
ǵгɹڵ֪֮ǶʱҲ͹˲ԼǳƷǰʵȵƷڶνʱ򣬾Ͷ׷ǰȻо޴ջ
ǻʸƵ𣬸ǵͻƵ򾳡
һͻƵĻгţȸ񣬺޵ˣͬһͻơ
֮УǱȽģһʹżơ
ˣ֮Ҳ׷۳һǧڵ֮Ҳ򾳣Ϊ򾳵
ڵҲڵߴʱ׷ͻƳΪ򾳣ȻͬΪ򾳣Щ콾ͻ֮ͻ֮󣬻ž޴ġ
ͬһ֮ڡ
˻ΪͻƵ֮󣬳ƷӦþû취ǽˣϾƷԼҲֻ򾳵Ϊѣʲôʸǽ
˭뵽㵽򾳣ƷȻԸǽ
ͺˡ
֮ʲô⣬Ʒ׾ٵĵ⣬Ȼİ취
˵ǶоĳƷΪҲ˵ǶڴѾ˾׵ĵزˡ
򾳶ļޣѾ˷еڳƷֱСһ
ֽķͽǶȶ˵Ƿ˼඼Ǻܼ򵥵ķȴǳá


2314 ޵֮
ʲô˶˵Ʒڴ⣬ѾǷ豹ĳ̶ȡ
ȥлǣʣµĲļ⡣
ڣƷƺѾﵽ˷豹ĵزͨеķŶͬǶܱƷɲҳ취е⡣
ǶڳƷʵ˾˵Ʋ⣬ѹֱǳԷˮһ
ԭȫǣһֱڣȫȫԽˡ
ɲֻӣֻðˡ
෴ģƷڴǾ׵ĳ̶ȣܹġ
ǲ֪˵ǶôѵõĻ
Ʒʼս֮⣬еʵļ䣬ھһ߼ĸվڴĶˣԸݽ겵ָ̬С
ǺεȾ˵
Ϲ䣬ʵ״ӶĻᡣ
ҲֻгƷԸݳ޵Ļᡣ
ǵΪڵȻѾǾףʵȴ۵ĺܡ
µʲսƣǾϾǿ̫ˣֲε⣬Ʒǿһ۾ܹڲҸݵʵļԼĽ
ƷҲôΪ˵ҲһԼĻᡣ
ûнʵļȫںϣΪһںϣʼ֮еĺϽὫɰ׳գǸʱں֮˾ǵʣǾͲ˵ˡ
൱ڱ˶һлǼ䶼ᱻʵļ䳹ѹ
൱ڵˡ
ԳƷԲô˵ʵ䣬һ̨Ͽ⣬ҪʱԵǾԲںϵʵȫ䡣
ЩȻףվһ㣬ģǵʵġ
ѡȫںϣ򵽵׻ǲһ
Щ䶼ǵʵ򣬶ԼϾǲͬġ
Ҳϲýķڰ˽⣬ͬʱҲԼڲϵĽʵļڻͨ
ʵתΪԼ
Ը⽲ԭʱջ࣬ջһ
˵˵ջûһĸࡣ
Ϥָ֮£˵ʵһ˵ٶȷٳɳ
˼꣬ԭһͻƵ򾳵Ĳˣһʱ䣬ѾͻƵǧĳ̶ȣǿ̶ѹϹսѷ֡
Ϲս֮ԭеЩǿҲĶ֣ʵ֮жǿˡ
ȻҲٲ˳ƷڰиСϾԼŮˣƷҪָʵ̫ˡ
ʸƣţޣ񣬻ȸʵҲз츲صı仯ͻƵ̵֮ܶʱھѾͻƵǧ
ʣµҲǧΪ׵ĵȻǷڵЩ콾ǣҲǧǧΪ
֮⣬һЩڽõĸֺ֪ĶõϢҲ׷׹ȻȲЩ˻õĺôࡣ
Ҳ˲Сջ˶ͻƣѡ
Ͼж֮꣬ԶˣֻǷȱһЩźͱ˵ָ㡣
˳Ʒָ㣬Ƕڶʱ˾޴ͻơ
ڳƷȻǸж£
ֻȡ˾޴ͻƵʱҲܺ棬ָܹеĳƷﵽʲôĳ̶ȡ
ֻ֪һʱ֮УƷֹֻһΡ
һЩ콾ΪͻƵ򾳣һΪﵽǧǧΪѾԺͳƷƽƽǻɱƷ
ţҪʳƷϵܡ
Ͼڣ˶϶˳ƷϿ϶оܣܹ׾ٵ֮ϡ
𶼲ƥУܹʳܣǵսȻҲһ
뷨̫ˣŵһͻϮһųǡ
ҲһΣƷ֣ˣЩ콾һֻĴӡֱĵķǣΪѪꡣ
ֻһжѣͽֱӺɱ
һʱ䣬ס˼ˣ
ϹսٶȺ䶯ˡ
ƷѣһٶչֳԼ޵еƣѾȺ󶼿򾳣ǺʣͳƷȣž޴Ĳࡣ
񣬶ƷѾе˺εȵز
˵ѾеǧҲ˵Ѿеǧĳ̶ȡ
ֻ˵硣ȴûһ׼ȷ˵ϾûܱƳȫ
£ƷӸĪ⡣


2315 Ҿ
û֪ƷʲôʵѾﵽʲôĳ̶ȶ֪
ֻ֪Ʒǳǳǿƣ
֮󣬻ваĸţ˼˳ֽˡ
гƷϤָ㣬ԭ˼ֻ֮евĲΣһһԾΪ֮еĶ֡
϶ȾѪ
ƷȻܶǿУеڣҲϹս֮ϺйֵֶȻ١
Ҳֻɱ֡
ʱ򣬲ֳǸƷǿս
ԭǺͶҲ忪ʵҪһЩĻȻͻɱ˶֡
ȻڣǽٶѾԽ˶֣ԵɱǿС
ЩǿжŴ콾֮еٮٮߡ
һʱ䣬Ϲսޱȡ
ʵϣҲ˼ڳ֣ҲûţҲ׷ڳ֡
Ϊ˶֣ȥһ꣬ǵΪ˷츲صı仯ؾ򾳣Ȼûа취ƽ硣
ûа취ȡϵһʱ䣬˶ˡ
Ҫ֪Ѿȥһˣһʱ䶼ϵϱڶûԮ֣ⲻܲ˸омֿ־塣
ҪôǱˣҪô޾ǿ֮סǡ
Ϲս޾ǿ֮УȻأѰҪɣǲܵ顣
ȻǱĴɲһ˵֮Уӵкǿյʵġ
ȻǲûеȵԮѾ˵ˡ
һ֣ڵ˵ʲô¡
Ǹϵ⣬ʲôʱоʲôʱУǸѡҲ޻ֵء
£˶̲ס໥֣֮ǰĬĬҲ໥ʧ
ĹŴ콾˴֮Թأʱڻãʱһ˴֮ĶԹҲһӱ˳
һµʱ֮Уսͷٳ޷ȥҲò֧Ԯ£˶Щˡ
˶Դ˶Ǽֲ֣һƽŴ콾ͬʱǺεȷľ档
ͬʱҲһֻвϵɱɱһֻһ˲ܹ
ɱٲ˵ģ콾ս֮ϵ콾նɱҲһǰ㡣
콾ĻܾʣµЩ콾ʮҡ
Щ콾ʵ϶ѾǾ˲ɱѡ֮ʤˡ
ڣûн෴ģڲϵļӾ統С
һƬҵľƣ
˶ץʱ䣬ͨһҵսԼ
ѰĿޣѾûôˡ
Ѿؾ뵽򾳣չ岻෴ģһսܹǵǱȫȳ
ֻǶ̶һµĴսЩ͹Ŵ콾ǵʵ˳ĽֻǴ۾ͬĹŴ콾ն䵶¡
ǹŴ콾еٮٮߣһкܶ౻նɱ
κһҫһʱʱ䳤֮϶ҫһʱĬĬš
ȻڣϹս֮ȴôĬĬŵȥԡ
ų֮Уһ̨֮ϣźͽڱҵĴս
̨Ѿһι̵Ľסͬʱ̨ϣƺСʵΪӴڲһܴ۵ռ䡣
̨ΧƷ˼꣬ޣʸƣȸԼڵӣʱĿתĶ̨ϵļս
һǣΪνǾ춯أɵĽ˫һΪϬĽâ֮ȻĽɫ˺ѿ
ֳһѳڽɫ֮дңֻǺܼ򵥵ĽУȴӳ˾춯ص
һ񻰵ζ
Ķ棬ǲϵϲϵıɫĺ׾ٵľ˷ӹĽ
˫ڲϵײͬʱ˫ⲫҲڽеС
Ľ壬Ϊóս˫
ͬˣѵѪͨÿһëһĽâɨγĽꡣ
˫壬Ҳ˿
ʱ˫սԳƵ˫ȫ
˿ã
򾳵սನжôĿ£ܹ׵Ĵݻһųǡ
ǳƷ̨沼һ磬ֻųǶữΪС
ǵʵ࣬ٶҹҲֲʤ
ʱ򣬻ʸƿ˵
ޱ𾪣һĺ󱲣ԭʵԶԶڶ׷
һΪûʲô˲ģֻһѪѡ
˭֪һȻô¡


2316 һϰ
ҲòпЩ׷ϵٶ̫ˡ
˵Ҳܹ˵֮УǷǳ
Ժʱ࿹
ʱڣ֮еǿߡ
ǽͳţ֪ȸ˵ʵҲ֮£Ҫǿ
˼ܹʤһ
ΨһܹȵϵģҲЩɺת
ʵϣת𲢷ǾͲǿƷŶǺת
ֻҪ𣬾ֻǿ𣬶ǰ㡣
δؾ͸ֻ˹תΪ˷̫ʱ͵̣ʱǸϲϻʸǡ
ѲûгƷ˵Ѿǲʲôˡ
ڳƷѾʸƳ޳˱Ƚϵ֮УĻܱƷ
ܹĴڡ
սʱ֮Уÿ춼Ҫݡ
ԼҲֻôۼһ𣬲ܹÿһд衣
ȻҲвٵ𣬵Ǻپۼһ𣬻϶Ƿֿɸġ
ͬڵһųһֻйһˡ
ΪЩ˴֮Ҳоģ˴֮䲢Ѻá
ͬһţǰͺ󱲵ĹϵǱ˴֮Ҳ·ϵľ֡
ֻ޵º߾ǳƷ׼ĴС
ΨǷǳͬģڳƷճ֮£Ȼоȴûͬĵط໥֮
ϳֱӴսܹмĺôԹ۶ܹѧࡣ
ÿһ˵ĵǶһ޶ģΪˣǲܹѧԭĶ
νɽ֮ʯԹˡ
սã˫ѷʤ˫϶Ѿʼ˿ڣǳŻǽ񣬶ԽƣԹأ£˴֮䶼ڶԷ㹻˺ۡ
໥κβ˶Էա
˫ͣס֣Ҳѵõľ飬ڴսʱǺ飬ڹؼʱȴǻ֡
ʦܣս㣬Ȼ֪ҿܻĶ֣뿴Һ֮䣬жĲ࣡
ʸվ˳˳Ʒ˵
Ҳ׷ǰһΪҲҪ֪⡣
ֻܹ֪ƷǳǿѾǿᵽһ־׵ĵز
Ǿǿʲô̶ȣȴ֪ġ
һɣһϰɣãҲԿҾǿʲôز
Ʒֱӿ˵
Ʒô˵ϲûз߿飬ΪǲԼƷˡ
ȷʵ˵Ļʸ
ǺãǾͲˣ
Ҳ˷ܣûкͳƷֹһΪ𾴳ƷܺͳƷ֣ΪҲȷʵ򲻹Ʒ
֮ǰľͳƷʮǧûпһϸ¡
ƷһѾ̨֮ϡ
ʱ˼Ҳ׷׸ȥһʱ䣬ʮټ̨۵ռ䶼ռݵ
˵ޱȵأ׷׿˳Ʒ
ְɣƷ˵
˵ʱʱ죬ڳƷĻ䣬Ѿ˳ˡ
ȴǱˣ˼ꡣ
˼һڳ˸˾κˣɲǼ䣬ͬնһɫĳųƷȥ
һɫĳڰһӻһİɫ
˼ߵҲǽĹַֻǺͳŲͬ
ȫȫĽޣйַԽɨ£Ⱥ࿹⡣
˼ȴͬǼ޽ֻ֮бȽҪһ֡
ȻʩչĽȴͬʮ־ˡ
ֲĽâ䵽˳Ʒϵʱ򣬳Ʒ˫͵һӱѵϢ
һ˲䣬ɽ緢Хʯײ˻ȫԻ˳
һɹԻ󱬷˾춯ص˲ͽâ飬޷Ʒ
ڳƷΧȻһ޴ޱȵ˼
˼ûа취ƿƷ򣬷Ʒ顣
ʱ򣬻ʸƺͺһһѾ
ʸưԾ£һһͶ㶼ߵķ緶ɴӡķ顣
һߣˮԷֲľκˣųƷϯ˹ȥ
𶼲ӲĹ
֮һɿֲĻ滯һɺɲǼ䣬ͳųƷϯ˹
ͬʱ񣬳ţҲͬһʱ֣Ʒ


2317 ǧ
һʱ䣬̨֮ϣѡ
Щ򾳵ĸ֣Ҷ֮е
һѹһ档
ͳͳųƷ͹˹
Ʒ˿ƾǵϯǶ޷ƳƷ
ǱϵĲ࣬ǹƾֲܹ˵ġ
ƷֻǼ򵥵Ĳϻȭܹ˵Ĺͳͳ򱬣ֻزҲֲ˼¡
νֻǧǧշĵ
սҲˣֻǷͺױץҪܡ
ǳƷȴͬԽսԽǳɽûκҲҵκ
һս˴죬˲ͣ
ʸƵ໥һۣ϶¶˼ֿЦ֮ɫƷʵ̫ǿˣǿһ£ܹġ
ʦܣѾٵˣʸȿʵ
Ҳ׷תͷ
ǧƷ˵
ʲôǧʸƾΪ֪ǧζʲô
Ѱ콾ܹ򾳣Ҳǧ򣬾ѾǼˡ
콾ǸһЩܹǧǧܹļ¡
仰˵ģƷѾ൱۷塣
ͬʣͬǱܹķǲһģǵ۷Ҳǲͬġ
Ʒ൱Ѿ۷ˡ
һ˵ҲѰܹﵽ۷塣
ǣھǧԶ˵ǧˡ
ԭĹƣҪʱ䣬пǧ
ǻǵڸԴ㣬ȫԸû޷ѹصʱпܴﵽġ
ʮʮǧĶ
һ˿ⱲӶû취ǧ
֪ĳƷǴ˶𺳡
磬Ҳ̫˰ɣô쵽ز㲻ǺһͬôҲţͬǲʵϱƷ˦֣ٶȶԶԶϲϳƷ
Ʒֱ˦
УȻ͵ˣ
ƷÿɷΪҲ˵еܡ
˵ĽȣȻ飬Ͼ˫
֮ǰУܶ඼Ļۣʵɱ䡣
Խǳ󣬾Խǽڴ򣬶ڴĳ̶Ⱦʵǿ
ҲΪʲôؾһӶûа취򾳣ǻ۵ĵֻ̲һ˲飬˾ˣûû
Խõˣں֮ҲԽռˡ
ҲΪʲôͨ콾˵ҪռƵԭ
Ϊ츳ҲõģѰ콾Ҫǿ̫̫ˡ
ֻǵ츳˳Ʒûа취Ƚˡ
Ʒ츳Ͳ֮£ֲͬķʡ
Ҫǣİİٶȿľˡ
򾳵Уؼڶڷ۳ԽķҲʹԽ
ֱгƷ»
ŸոտûжãҪһʱſȹΪһƵ¡
ƷѾԲľˡ
ȻѰԲƷȴûиоԼĴҪԲˡ
е֮ǰͱѰҪһķ򣬸ǻ̫ˡ
ܹߵҲԶ
ȻҲܹߵľ磬ԸôΪԽǴθδһͻҲԽ
ҲֻͣΪеԴѾùˣôãҲûеõ䡣
⿿ؼάʵ˥˾ѾǼˣҪһֱǳ롣
Ͼ̫ǿˣÿǰһҪҲһ֣Ѱܹĵġ
Ը⻹ǲԸ⣬ûа취
֮ǰҲֹһΣû취ƽ硣
Ǹ̫ǿĻ֮˵ֱʴľˡ
ԳƷҲֻݷȴᡣ
۶ԷҪʲôվҪ֣ڣƷǵȴĻᡣ
ΪеƣԶɽͼĿռ֮УҲĻĺ֡
ƷĻҲûʸƵ˷׷׶һۣʮ⻰ôôء
˵ǰĻ˵ġ
Ҳģôͱǿôࡣ
Ҳǻش𣬾УȻͻˣȻͱǿˣҲûκεԭɡ
룬ʱǵıһǷᡣ


2318 ħ
̫ɶˣ
ҲˣʱһǷᣬڵĳƷӵģҪǴ򲻹ƷھҪһӵˡ
ȻҲҲԵĵطʱ䣬ƷмǺһġ
Ҳˡ
ƷҲֻжѣȻͱǿôࡣ
˵ĵطƷôơ
Ϊǿģоܽ˦ôԶԿ
Ļ˼꿪˵
Ҳ׷׿ųƷĳƷܹĻôһܹ¡
Ҫ֪ǷڵҲֻǧѾǼ޵ǿߡ
ûͻƵ֪жôѡ
¶δشֲĴڡ
κһĴڣԿٳʮȻ
ݴţʮŵĴʦĴڣҲʮźĲͬ
ΪĴڡ
ǲܹ¼ǿУûеĴڣǲ߱Ტ۵ʸġ
ǰпͻƵģȻǻʸƣŵһʱ˵ʸƳܹΪĴڡ
ֻҪѵʱҲȽˣϾƽȻпᣬ콾棬ͬƳභֻһʤܹ߳ȥ
ͬģͬ磬Լǿ콾սҲܹʹʵٵ
뿪콾ս֮콾ʵ˷츲صı仯;Ϊԭ
ƷҡҡͷҸоһûдﵽޣھͳͻƣ͵òʧˣ
ҪιȥˣѾǧĳƷȻûдﵽޣļǰǧǧһô
˵ĻǾ̫ˣʷᱻ߸ɡ
룬ڵʷѵǱƷһ߸ô
ؾʱѰܹٵѾǼˡ
ڵ𼸺һǧǳƷЧӦ
Ƕ콾ٵҲ
Ʒÿǰһڵ߸ʷ
뵽ҲȻˣ̫ǿˣעͬ
ȻĻᣬȻҪȵԲͻƣĻ˼˵ͷҵȶûǱܹоǧǵļޣҪͻƲף
˷׷׵˵ͷеϣȻܹ֪Լ֮·ǧѾǼˣҪͻƣ̸ס
ƷΨһһлͻƵˣ
˴ʱû˱뷨ֻһҪһ漣ͷƷܹǰδеδ
ҲԺˣڵԴѾĵĲˣò䣬Ҫٽ͵ʱĥˣƷҡҡͷ˵
Ҳ޼Ϲսʱ䣬ǵʵͻͽĽȻǹؼͿġ
ֻĻ֮ˣڻûж֣ʲôЩͷ˵
Ļ֮˾ʲôһ඼ûж֣Ҳľ˵ġ
ԽԽ˿ʼִƽ磬ֱ˹ͬһĸоЩ콾޷ܡ
ˣ
أƷͻȻ˵һ䣬˻Щ֣֪˵ʲôʱ
أ֮ϣձһ˺ѿ˾޴ޱȵĿӣǧϹսܹһ޴ޱȵĿӡ
ѿһƬû֪Ǹѿ֮ڣʲô¼ˡ
һʱ䣬Ϲս֮ϣų֮еĸֶ׷׷Ӷ
ͨ˻ǹŴ콾ζؾĸ֣оѾ򾳡
ʱ׷׿һѿڡ
Ϊ˶֪Ļ֮˾ҪʲôڶҪռһսʱˡ
һ޴ѿڱ˺ѿ֮أĺӰԼٶ
ħ壬ħ尡
˾һڿˣЩʲôһΣΣǻ鲼źɫƬͨɢžħ
˶ħ嶼İȻŹħĴ˵Ͼ֮ϣħĴУףħ塣
Ȼõķʽͬǵ׶ħ塣
Ƕħ嶼֪Ȼδħ
ħǿ֮Уһ֮УݽȻͬħΪʳ
˶֪гˣħĴУ֮ɱ飬ظʺħĻҲûа취Ļ֮ȥ
ݵħ岻ûеֿԣ


2319 սħ
ֲ̬ͬϵ֮һսûкͽĿԡ
ħ֮еĸ֮ᣬ̬ϵ֮µ
ܺƽ
ֻнԷݻ٣
սңԶǰϹʱһֱڡ
ڳƷԺ֮Уеʵļ䣬пأ̫ʱпܾǻħ֡
Ǹ޵ȫʢʱ
֮Ϲʲʽ𣬿˵һʱĿ塣
˶ˣҲˣԭĻ־Ȼħ壬ѹܹôֱʣܹϹսԽΧסһʱ䡣
ҪѵԴ֣ħȻûܹ׵ĸ
ͬʱҲֻħĵӸҺͬʱս
ΪħҲ±֪˫ǲݵĹϵҲûкͽĿԡ
Ĵˣû뵽ħ壡
ʸƵͬޱء
ΪħѾؼ˺ܶܶ꣬Ȼ˻Իһʱ̫ʱͬģҲ̫ʱش
Ͼ̫ʱȻûʵ˵Ȼкܶ޵ʵʣи̫ʮصޡ
һϵеĴս̫ʱͬʱЩħҲش
̫֮ϹҲսǿգϵĴħ
ϾʲôȺʲôħ嶼ǹͬĵˣһħݣ˶֮֡
ħĴս֮ԺյĹͣ졣
£ħϵĴϹʱΪ֮սħҲûٶȽݡ
Ǿ˼ΪҵĽʱڣҲûħ֣ȻżħСҲ
˱֮󣬾͸ǲ֪ħʲôˡ
˶֪ħУⱲӶûħ壬Ȼϡ
һֱڣħ˸ֲһӷӦ˹ħûԶ룬ֻһֱǿϢһֱĿݴء
ȴֵʱ
ڣֻ¾ѡõֵʱ䡣
ħĻô¾鷳ˣƷ˵ħض׼һս⣬ǸңҪԶңһս»ܼѣ
ƷоԵģΪ򾳵۷壬۳ǧ򣬿Ǿס
ǶԷ̫ˣǳƷۿɼľ飬ڱա
ɱһѪ·ǵħսֵˣŸǵѪ
˶£෴ЩͬޱѪ
ս֮ϣһƵؾ򾳵ĸ֮⣬󲿷ֶǹŴ콾
Щκһ˶ѹһʱǸʱٮٮ֮һ
һɳǰ;
ˣɵħ壬ȴԲẦħ壡
ǵҲûа취еĵز
ɱѾû·Ψбˮһս
ɱħ壬֪ܹһΣһҲһ
ɱɱɱɱ֤
һʱ֮УЩ콾ǿνĵʱĻðһ߿һߵġ
ڣѾһһҪ׷й
һʱ䣬һĹų֮Уһҫ۵Ĺâڱ񷣬һֲѪѪ
ûͨˣεҲؾĸ֣Ҷؾ֮Ѿл򾳵ĸ֡
Ѱˡ
˵о򾳵ĸ֣
һֳݶ𼫴𺳣ôһ֣Ϲս𶯡
ڲȻбơ
߰ɣȥһħ֣
Ʒ۾˵
ħ巸µĴ󣬾Ǹһʱ䡣
һʱ䣬Ϲս֮ϵ콾׷ͻƣʵһǰȣǿ˺ֹʮ
Զ֮ϣīƹѾڱϹսͬʱͷħ
Щħħ˵Ǵ󲹣ǶϹս֮ϵŴ콾˵Ƕҩˡ
콾ҲףزΨսپĻһȵħɾôͱħ
һ̣Ҳκʤ㡣
ħ
һ֮ϣһֻֻץ˳ȥÿһץץħ塣
սһ˲䣬Ѿʼˡ
ƷҲѾ֮ϣԳƷΪͷ˹͡
ƷȥԶħķӵεء
Ʒܹһ֧һ֧ħڿ


2320 ħ
ЩħɫƬУͺƴһɫһֳֳ꣬һһĳޱ
ÿһޱǿ;ÿһ֧붼ˡ
ԶԶģǵض
һ֧ĺ棬һҾ޴ޱȵĺɫսƿն
ɫս֮ϣ󷨵ڿſųƷˡ
Сģħս
Ʒһ۾ϳЩɫսΪЩɫսԭݵĲ
ϹʱڣоЩɱɱħ塣
ǿĽԶħ壬սħУħƽ⣬ȻħԼս
óƷѣ˵һޱȵ
ôħ壬ǵĺ޶һӽڵĻѪм֮пЩħ壬ҲԼ֮Щħսĳ档
Ǻһ̫֮ʱ壬ǱЩħɱ˵һħ֮䣬޵ġ
ǺޣлȸȾѪͳͳħĳޡ
䣡
һ޴ĺս֮ϣһɿֲħųƷϯ˹
Ʒͷ֮ϣһҩһӷ˳ת˲ĹĻһӵסһɺ
¡¡
ǿµıը
Ϭƿֲļʸ곯ųƷǵض
һԽһɽͷ䱬Щħļʮ־˵ġ
ƣ
ƷһĿ³ڤ棬֮Щһ˲ʧӰ٣ճɽ̿
ȥƲֱӳħķϯ˹ȥ
һ˲䣬ħͷϳһ޴ޱȵӰħ۳ľꡣ
¼ˣһӾͽƷ³ڤ滯Ϊޡ
ͬʱԶԶģһսϵĺֲĹÿһ൱򾳸ֵȫһ
ֻһܹ˱شɽӶԵסЩ
Ͼǵʵĵ
Ҫ취Ƚһսƣ
ĽʱʱնһĽâǧɽâնħӵĴ֮С
ûа취һսƵĻǳ綼Ҫƣ
˼˵ͷɽӶȻ˵ãҲһֱŸֹ
ȥƣ
Ʒ
˵ʱʱ죬ƷųɽͼΪΪʳɵ֮ĵɽͼķЧɽӶ˵ֻǿ
еĹͳͳɽͼ֮ϣɽͼԻɽסˡ
ɽͼϵתɽͼ֮ϣԻ޾ɽ󴨣ɽ󴨣еĹĥΪС
ƷеɽӶһֲĹʱֵ쾡¡
֪ʱֻͻ֣Ļ˸ûʵ
ԶиħڲϵĸĻ˶Ҫ
ħ޾Ʒ˳Ҫ
˵ʱʱ죬Ʒ֮ͷſγһֲļ䵽֮У֮䡣
޷˵Ʒ
Ʒı󳤳һٶͷŵѾܾúܾûӴͷٶˡ
һ˲䣬ƷѾ˴ϷеɽӶӭǣɲǼͬһ޴ޱȵɽͷһ
ɱ
һ˲䣬ħָӹڷ˳ƷĶֹ׷׳ųƷϯȥ
ﻹüƷеɽӶ׼սȥ
¡
һ޴ޱȵĢƻڶҫ۵İ׹ڱһеĹâϵħƶ˺ѿ˾޴Ŀӡ
ۣۣۡ
ħӵս֮УʿֱҵѪ۳ľ걻ƷɽӶ飬ǵȻܵ˷ǳǿҵķɡ
ֱһش
սҲƷһӴơ
ڣ
ƷƾնһһŴ󹭣ſɲǼ䣬ϰټ
ϰټֱӶ׼ս֮ͱƷħָӹ١
һ֧ħľ֮УҲֻ򾳣ָӹͳͳؾ
ϾѾǾֲֶ֣еĴײˡ
һҲĵ̲ô콾Ϊͻƽ򾳡
ҼҲǳƷĶ֣ܹסһ׷ײҽ䱬ΪѪ
ûսıԳƷĸֱ֣޷


2321 ħ
ħʣǾеľȻξĴЩؾ򾳵ĸȴž޴Ĳࡣ
Ͳͬһ֮ϣû˾ıħĴҲûκε
챻ɱ֮ħʱһЩСͷǰͼָӾӣϾмʸѡ
˼Ҳɱ˳û˾ļӳɣļҲûа취˵Щ򾳼ĸ֡
˼˾ͬȺһ㣬ɱ¾ħĴ
ԶһħսͣĳѺֲ޲ýƷֱӵƬ
ƷʱȻҲŹһսͬһֱӺ嵽ս֮ϣеɽӶ󣬺ܿͬһ޴ޱȵɽһ㡣
¡
ɽӶݺȥս֮ϣҳһ޴ޱȵĿնս֮ϸطڷҵıը
һԭԿⶥǿߵսڱƷֱһƬ
Ȼֻǧ򣬵ǺʣƷѾλеǿߵ֮С
˵һѾ޵ҲΪ
֮лûܹĴڣοֻս
ɽӶսΧķ֮սڳƷ˵ûκƿԡ
ߣ
Ʒһһֻһսץ
漴Ʒͷ˶Щħ¾֮С
ƷеһŴ󹭣ϵɨһһ˵ļʸÿһܹغ飬ÿһȥдƬƬħ徫񱻺ɱ
Ƕֵս֮ϣҲΨĸ֣ܹݺս޵С
˸ûа취ĴڣܹԿĴڵҲΨͬ򾳵ĸ֡
е򾳵ħڳƷǰ浲סȭţͻᱻ׾ٵնɱ
ħһ֧֮ĸֱƷɱʱȻƾ¾
Ƭ֮䣬ͱ¾

أԶһ޴ޱȵĺȴһֲӰ̤˵ǰ
ȴһ׵ħ壬Ѱħ岻ͬħһݣһѳͨɫҲ֪ʲôɵġ
һƥȼźɫĿһǣȻ񷶼һ
һƥɫĿȻҲ򼶱ģϵ׵ħ˲ˣ۷Ĵڡ
ǳƷɣ
ħ忴ųƷ˵
˵ݵͨħԣȻڴ֮ǰҲѾ׼ͨݵͨ
֮ԵģЩŴ콾ѾݵٮٮˣȴûһͨħԵġ
˫׼ĳ̶֮ϣѾз츲صĲࡣ
Ѿ۲һʱˣЩݵ֮УѾǲˣڸһᣬԸתħͶӣӸһᣬҵˣĻͻǼһˣ
ħ忪˵
˵ţ׳˼ͷͷ䵽˵֮ϡ
˿÷ʸƵ˵һ⼸ʶеǰֹǳĲöԸ
仰˵ħѾնɱ˺üŴˡ
ħĻһʵ֮ǿȻӹɡ

ʸƴʱҲĸоΪҲͬڿ𱻶Էô׵ɱնȥԴŭ
ñߵǣЩ𼼲ˡ
ЩѾ֮ͬеٮٮߣһһĵƷĹ֮⣬û¹ʲô
Щ֮ԻԭΪʱж̡
ħȻҲǿرʣҪ
еʱҪЩ𳤣һΪҲǧϣǧǧпܡ
Щͬʱ䣬ǲܾô򵥵ܣۻô׵ɱüˡ
ǲƽսͬΪܵ˻㣡
ʸѹеŭ𣬺
˱ǰˣʲô˵ģ°ܽѣ
ħֻƳһۻʸƣ˵㵹ǱǿһЩҲûǿ϶٣ԸͶϣҿԸһ·Ļݹ飡
ħһЦ¶ڵļݣ񻰴˵еħ
Ͷ㣿ΣܹһΣϹʱħ壬ǴԪˣͬɥ֮ȮͶ㣿ǳ룡
ʸƴȵ


2322 ˳
ȻͶǾ͸ɴˣ
ħЦһ
һĻᣬȻǲ֪ϧǾȥɣ
ħӵϣһɿֲĬħͬһϹᴩƬǿգǵأӿȡ
ǧ
ħҲǧĿֲڣոճ֣ݡ
ѹ˵ţһǧ𣬳˴˵е֣֮£ﻹж֡
Ŀ£һƥȼһƨ̤գȻֱӳųƷ˳ɱ˹
һƥħеħΪޡ
ħħ֮ҲǼƷݣֻмħ֮еٮٮ߲ʸļƷ
ˢ
һͷ޵ٶ̫ˣͬһһ˺񷣬ɲǼѾ˳Ʒǰ
һɾս⣬еĳ͵һӻӶȻһɽ绢ơ
ǰƷͷɽӶתһӵסֲһ
˫ײǱһ޴ޱȵĢơ
ֲһ𺳡
һûܹɽӶķ𾪵ķ֣ƷȻһҲؼʱ򣬾Ȼ⡣
ãʦܽ״̬ʱ򣬻ʸƲڷ˲Ծ
״̬֮µĳƷѾ״̬ʱʧɫ
Ϊʲôս֮ϣƷȻܹ״̬
Ҫ֪Ѱ˼ŬҲѽ״̬Ϊÿһε״̬κ˵ѵõĻᡣ
ͨһҲѵĻᣬһҹշĴ˵Ȼźܶˡ
£˶֪ζʲô
ÿһž˵
Ƶǣսҵʱ򣬳ƷȻ״̬
ɾ̫ˡ
ˣܷô״ֻ̬סȷ״̬֮˳ǲ·
Ŵһ
Ҳܿö⣬ǵʵҪħӵѣֱ̫ˡ
˫ʵֻǲôһЩѾһĲ࣬ȻܣҲֲ˺á
Ҳ
ʱħҲ˳Ʒ״̬Ц
߶˿µ޳ųƷ˹ҪųƷ״̬ɱɱһ˽ܡ
򽣹ڣ
ŴһһڱһӼ˳ȥڰ֮һڱһҵĻζ㻯ǧâڱΡ
Сҵǰ
ħӹЦһһꪺǿֲħ죬ȻһꪾͽǧĽâɨޣһֱ䵽˳ŵϡ
ۣ
һѪ˳ȥ⵽˷ɣˣֱӱ˳ȥ
ǿ
Ŵʱܵħӵжôǿƣѹ֮ǰǼС
ħȷʵԼǿʵͬ졣
򽣹Ѿѹ׵ľѧǾȻᱻ׾ٵĻơ
Ȼ򾳵ĸ˵ԽķһʵҲԽǾˡ
һħӵĹƲûбֹ෴ģȻֱնһ춯صâҪĽƷ롣
𣡡
ʱ򣬻ȸޣ׷һ׷׳ˡ
ȸֱһ³һɽɽȼգҪһѹӭһâϡ
һߣͬʱڳƷǰһտɫĽ磬翴ֻǼ򵥵һѣȻʵȴ
Ѱ򾳸ȫһҲûа취ֺ
£һߵĽͬһȳɫĽȻǵصĳħӺɨȥ
ĸֵ֣ħӸûκκ¡
Ų趯еĳꪣҪһС
¡
һ˲䣬ֲֿĹ֮ը˿Ĺɿֲ໥ײǻȸ˻δüӦͱֱ˳ȥ
ǷǳŬʺѪħҪʲôǱ˴֮Ϊ֮ĲȴĥƽһУǵŬΪù
ۣ
ۣ
ۣ
ͬʱѪͬʱ˳ȥ
ʱ˼꣬ʸƣͬ׷׳֡
һξڵŴ콾Ҳ׷׳֣ǵÿܺСҲѾ߾ȫ
Ϊ̫ˣһЩһҪֵˣǸûκߵĿԡ
һʱ䣬ҫ۶ĿĹâڱһУھҵĻζµâ


2323 սΣ
ֲײˣǳĹâѾ׻ΪսϹս֮ҲǷǳҫۡ
ǿն·Ҫѹˣֲĳ˵
âɢȥɢ
˵һƬ԰ףڸղŵײ֮У˴˼ѪмǱ
ǵĶ棬ħҲĴݣһҲ˺ѿһ޴ĿӣѪʶ
ޱȵ࣬ȻղһռϷ磬˵ƴҲˡ
⻹ǰδе顣
С־ɳ˵ʵ
ȻΪǲħӣǱϾͬеֻĲ࣬ȴڱϵĲ
£ȫֵжôĿֲһǧǧ𣬿һöԷشֱӺɱ
Ҳħǧ֮󣬲ܹǿ赲ס
ãܺãǾȻҸ߹壬ҲҪǵԴնһҪǴңǵҹĥйͷ֮ޣħӸ˵ڷŭ֮мּӵɭͿ¡
סϵʦ˳״̬
ʸƻ˵ǿѹ˱һķӿѪħӿ˵ǰδеľС
ƫƫʱǻδе£ĻҲħҪ
ǵΪͬħӸҳǵǰֻ·ַӾͻǵ
ɱǵһɱħ֤
ŴһɢһĽ⣬Ĳ⣬һɿµĽ֮ӿһھ޽
ǺεȿµһʱѾƴȫûõĿˡ
ǽнˣµµǿߣҲ
ˢ
һʧԭأٶȳֵʱѾħӵǰ֮һڽľ޽ѾȻ
ֱָħӵͷ­

ħӴһһֻħצֱӺ˳ŵؿڡ
һѪ˳ͬʱһھ޽ֱ䵽ħӵͷϡ
أ
أ
أ
һ޽һһıѣÿһѳͻữĹɢ
ͬʱҲħͷϵͷһһն
䣡
һ˲֮ħӵͷϵͷȻ鿪ħޱȵǱ
ͬʱĹҲֱӺ䵽ˣħӸԳ׷ɱϾͱ˵Ĺûˡ
κһˣħӶƫƫ֮ȴԶɸԵв
ŪǱ

ħһŭųǣͷѪȻһЩƤˣЩȴˣ޵нˡ
ЩǺͬҲԸϣֻޱȶ˵顣
䣡
䣡
䣡
һ޴ޱȵĺڲڶ̶̵ʱ֮ڣ˺ħӽֳϰС
ÿһᱬըһ޴ޱȵĢƣâ財
ܿ죬Щڵ콾Ѿ˳սֻͨĶ콾𼶱ײ֮Уܹ֧ŵѾǲˡ
ʺͷʵĲʱֵ쾡¡
֮ǰһЩĵĸֺһЩڽõĸѾ˳ս
Ƿ׷ױشħսǼನɨͱشˣ׷׵һˣս֮б۵һ㲻Ŵħӣֻޱȵ𺳡
ħѹ֮ǰôնɱļ
Щֲ˲ͬĵطԵôֲħӣǻɾͱնɱơ
Խ󣬲ԽǴһһ죡
ڷڵĹŴ콾˳ս֮Ҳ֧ܿŲסȻҲѾɺ췴죬Ϊ𣬵ǺͻʸƵ˱ԶΪԶ
ʱ򣬾ͳ˵һ̭ȥ
ҵսǻ¶Ǹָ˿ڣЩ˿ɼǣ֪ħӵĹжôľˡ
ͬηŹħ˺ֻʱѾħӵС
ֹ˺һһѾ˳ţȸʸƣҲѾ˳ս
ҲѾս񣬻ȾѪѾ֧ŵ˼ޡ
ʱսֻ֮ʣʵǿ˼ͺޣûһ޶شֱײս
ս֮ϣֻʣֳһԳһϮ±ѪȾ˼ħӶš


2324 ħ֮ŭ
ǾȻң
ħӲϵŭɶ
ԭΪʮþȵ飬˭룬ȻЩ˸˵ˡ
˵ʼʱܹСĽܹЩ֮е࿴Ļ
ôڣ¾˺ü֮е֮ѾѹЩеˡ
Ȼ𣬵Щݵ̫̫ˡ
ѾܵĺԵЩݵʱһ̣ʱһ޶ȷʵԺһϸ¡
еĽѾ£ѾʱͻȻһӱ赲סͺֱӴһƣܹܵˡ
ĿĶǰ˼꣬˼ȾѪʮǱ˫Բ־ԵʵԶ֮ϵħӣҲû˿ĺ¡
ãããȻͳͳҪҾͳȫǣ
ħӴһµһֲĻ˿޵ʵѾһ򾳵ǿҪˡ
䣡
޳ͬһ磬ɲǼ䣬ѾԶ˼ǰħеĳꪻӶҪ˼һ롣
˼ͬʱȼ֮еķһ޴ͷϣһŮӰ᳤ֳ͵һӳħȥ
¡
˫µײޱߵˡ
˼һӵ䵹˳ϿѪղŵײһ
һߣħӵֶһ޴˿ڣĿױ˼һչһ޴˿ڡ
Ȼ˼ʵԶħӣǱ˫ûʵĲֻ࣬Ĳࡣ
ͺһСűҲ˵ͬűĴˡ
һµģһһϡ
ħ֮ŭӳûгԹĿ
֮Ψ޾ɱġ
ҪǰЩͳͳնɱܹƽԼĵŭ
ħ߱£
ħŭһеĳһꪺɲǼ䣬رɫܹоһ˲䣬һǳؼеĹâеǿֲĳ֮ϡ
һһ޴ޱȵħӰħӰ˫˫䣬Ȼ飬ȴܹܵĳһĮޱȵı顣
Ŀ˼꣬еĳ͵һȥҪ˼һꪺɱ
ħǶŭˣָûκ֣ĿľҪ˼
䣡
һ£ĹâĹڱһеĹâ
͵˾һΪ˼Ҫֲסʱȴڹؼʱ˼ϷһɫӰɫӰС
һס
˼ϸոһžᣬɫӰǾĲ
ǳ˼õĵƣֻ֮ǰ˼һֱûùǵڣҲòĵˡ
ȻûǾ͸
ħӼĳХһ˫Ѫ죬ͬһޱȵĹ
˼վǹ׵ĻȫƾȻֱӱǣħӿԲ
˼᳤ӭħӶϡ
¡
¡
¡
ֻһ޴ޱȵĺ񷶼ĶԾıѿ˫ԾĵطǴذ
ԶʸƵİæҲﲻæΪǶشֻѡһų֮У˹ųǵķ󷨡
ȻּĹûа취ֵȴҲܹ赲ס˫ֵನ
˼һһӡеĳϳ֣Ľʩչÿһʩչľϼ֡
˶ˣ˼Ȼս֮ͻˣ
ħȻҲˣ˼ղڴս֮ƺͨʲô
ʱʵȻڲϵ첻Ļ˼ڶʱ֮ھͽһʵͻͽ
ԽԽһƷһ˼꣬ĥʯ˵ʯһȻҾôֵս֮һսһ
ǳƷǽ״̬
붼ƵˣҪ״̬Ҳǿģķ롣
뵽еɱʢԲ˴Ļһĸ󻼡
뵽ħȷ˶ԳƷɱģȷ˼׷ʹ򣬸ֿµֶͳͳʩչ
ͨѧϵõ飬ֱ޵С
ۣ
֪ս˶ã˼һѪ˳ٶȰˣϵĹһײֱ֮ӻĹɢ
ĵҲʱƣʣʱ䵽ˣͬʱҲΪΣʱ̡


2325 ͻƣһش
ҿ㻹ʲôֶΣھԵʵǰʲôСֶζûκ壡
ħӹЦ·Ѿܹնɱֵĳˡ
һ·սڣǰδеǱҲĵƶ˳ٲնɱԷǾʵ̫ûˡ

ħЦһгͬһֱȡ˼ķȥ
Ȼһ˳ꪼն˼ʱǧһ֮ʣһֱֻץһ˳֮ϣһϰŵҲһ˲ʧӰ١
ϸһһֵֻˣȻǳƷ
ǧһ֮ʣƷڴ״̬֮˳
ʱĳƷ֮֮ǰûʲôֱ𣬵ֺ˸ԵĲ
֪Ʒ϶˱仯ֻû֪仯ʲô
ǺʣڳƷأ״̬̫֮ؼ̫ʱˡ
ħӵĿֲ˶õ֣ҲħӵĶ֡
ǵʱħ˵ǾһǾǳ׵׵һ
һǺħӵսͬһĲࡣ
ܹ֮ģҲֻͬѾǧĳƷˡ
ϣˣ
㾹Ȼңħ˵Ͳһͽ˼ն£ھȻŭ
ΣһҪն㣡Ʒֻ䵭˵
Ȼһֱ״̬ʵһֱһ˿Ԫ棬ֻûеؼʱҲԸ֡
ΪղڴսΪҵʱͬʱҲΪؼʱ
״̬ǰǸ޷ƵģΪ;뵱ͬնս֮ͻȻ˶֮Уа취ǿд״̬֮
Ѿ֤ھϵͻͽ
ڸղһ֮УҲûջֻǽԭǧݵ˵ǧһȻֻǶһѡ
ȻڳƷ˵ͻһԼܾõıϡ
ֻͻһѣֻǰôһǲͬǲͬͻ˾ͻˣûͻƾûͻơ
ͻƺûͻƼֱ֮
ֻһĲ࣬к޵Ĳࡣ
ҲǳƷһֱ׷ģڵΪȻԳͻƵ
ǲǳƷ׷ҪͻƵδĿǷǿߣǳĸԽι̣δɾĸҲԽߡ
һֱҲһ̫ͻȻҲû뵽Ȼս֮Ͼˡ
ŻͻȻ״̬˼Ϊʱ䡣
˼ȻҲ˳Ʒ˼ƴΪ赲סħӣȡؼʱ䡣
ڣͻ֮Ȼѵõ״̬
ǽ޵֮ʣµľʱͻ۵ˡ
նңƾ㣿ħ˫Ŀ죬Ѿɱ۾ûвƷ˿Ĳͬ
ħ߱£
ħһȣϣһǵصħ۶ɣվ۳һħӰһħӰѹ죬޵С
ħ֮ϴħ񣬴˵ħ
ħ֮˶ϴħģеĹҲϴħţ嶼ϴħġ
ħѧͨ˼£ܹ۳ϴħ
ϵĴħĿһ۳ƷȻһ
ƷޱĿǰһĻ˵еϴħĻƷ˵תߡ
ڽֻһӰѣô¡
Ʒƾһ񷷢ǲǲһһѿ·ĩһĳ
أǧһ֮ʱһɿֲϢ֮ͷ˳޾ĺɫȻֱħӰ
Ƭ֮䣬ħӰȻͱյɢһɶ
ʲôʲô棿ħЩȻԴѧ⾳ܹٻħӰ֮󣬾Ҳû
ľˮʲôͨѧûа취˺ħӰ
⻹ͷһ
ˣ
ƷһһӾħӵĸǰȻֻǼ򵥵һ˳ȥɲǼ䣬ضŻĹâ
ĹâһڳһС
ͣ
ħӸ޷赲ֲһȻѪ
ħӵСֱʧޱȵ
⻹ڹؼʱ㿪ҪĻһܽප֮ء


2326 ֮ض
ƷֻǼ򵥵һѣѾħش
ħˣµҲܾ̲ס˻ȻΣʵϣǻ۷ǳߣࡣ
ֻǱħӵˡ
ħ֮ҲԳΪһС
Ҳ˳Ʒֲһʱʮֲ
Ѿû֮ǰô򵥣ħҧгݣϵͼָϵƣħʱͱѰҪǿ̫࣬ħ֮еδпܳɾħʵĴڡ
˵ѰɲǼѾԻָˣǱƷȥСһ֣ȻһָļûС
ֲġ
Ķ棬Ʒ鵭Ȼǿħӵ֮УһֵȻɱ⣬·һӾܹħնɱһ㡣
ãܣħѾ¶˾ģµͨһ˲ͲתͷҪӴܡ
ڲҪߣδе̫ˡ
˵ʱʱ죬Ʒϣһɿֲͬһϯȥһ˲䣬һ޴ޱȵ˰֮УħɲǼͱֽС
£ҪߣҲܣ½֮ڣǵ
ħӵٶȽһ˵ٶȣ޲Ҳ룬֮ͬһ㡣
̫ɱ
ħʶˣƷܷߣʱ־ŭ
˹ؼʱеһӷӿתͬͷųҪͳƷԿ
ܹԿģҲֻûбĿԡ
û򣬼ǳƷؾ֮޵еĴڣһ֮е׵ɢҲһǳĳ
û򾳣ҲǺؾ࣬ؾǿ󣬱Ҳûʲôֱ
ܿ죬ħӾֵͷˣΪħȻһһıѿձѳĹꡣ
ôôࣿħӾֵĴ
ͬǧôڳƷǰһ
һ
˫ʵϵĲ࣬һĿȻ
ôҵĲ࣬ô󣡡
Ʒ˵ԭڵħҪǿ̫ˣ˵һ֮󣬼ֻǶһѣǱѾȫȫͬˡ
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ħӴһħȫħͷųħϡ
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ħӵŵըˣֱӲ
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ܿ죬ϵҲָ˹ȣʣ̫Ǳˡ
ųƷħĻնɱ˲һ漴ˡ
ΪԶһ֧һ֧ħĴڰΧ
һΣħΪΧЩݵĹŴ콾ǲһ֧һ֧ĴǰҲ֪жٿֲĸǰ
ԶԿһĴսڱħֲܿԹǰկЩݵĹŴ콾ҲǺ޷֮
ЩζؾŴ콾Ѿ򾳵ĸ֣һԺɨһ֧ÿһ֧Ӵս֮ϺС
㻹δɳ۷壬ЩŴ콾ѾչֳԼµһ档
ƷĿܹкܶŴ콾ħΧɱҲеĹŴ콾Ĵ֮£һ·ֱײ
ħ֮УħǿҲֻѣ󲿷ֵħǿߣѾ򾳣ҲѵסЩŴ콾Ϊ콾Ҳ֡
ΨЩµΧˡ
ЩħͻΧˣܿЩŴ콾ʼۼǵ
˶ˣЩħҪǷֶɱ֮
ЩŴ콾֣ʵ֮ǿȻԶԶһһڶġ
һȺŴ콾֣ͿԽħһ֧ɱԴ
ʱƣħĴۼԽԽ࣬ҲʼԽԽˡ
Ϊ֮ƣֻɱȥǸѿǱɱȥĻǳҪ棡
ʸָԶһ޴ѿ˵
һѿڼϹս˺ѿ
ħԴԴϵӿϹս˵һء
Ǽһʱ򣬷ΪΨһĵط
Ϊطס˸ûĿԡ
ΨһѷĵطΨһпӳ֮ء
֮ض壡
Ʒһ޴ѷ죬


2327 Ϻ
֮ϣǧ֮⳯һѷȥ
Ȼ뵽һģֻгƷˣĹŴ콾͵Ҳ뵽һ㡣
Ϲս֮ϣưȫʵӵΣգΪǻᱻ޾ħɱ
˶ˣħ㽫նɱֻ·һ
һѷһ֧֧ħںܶħ֮иֵĴ֮£׼ɱϹս
û뵽ЩŴ콾һһ󣬾Ȼֱɱ˺ɫѷ졣
ǱܵģЩħľӾͶ׷׳֣ЩŴ콾½ضȥ
ս˲䱬
ƷֱӺ˽һ֧ħ֮С
ʵϣһɫѷ֮УħĴǰҡ
Ϊ˽ЩŴ콾նɱħһξۼ̫̫ľ񲿶ӡ
ݣ
ݣ
ݣ
Ǹոɱħͬʱʸɨգֱָһֻħ֮е򾳸֡
⼸ħ򾳸ֵ򶼱һֱӴɳȥݺݵ䵽Ϲս֮ϣɳˡ
򾳵ĸֶһɱ֮˼Ҳͬʱ
򾳸ֵ֮У֣Ļֻб¾ķݡ
еؾĸҪ֯ǿķȻܿ챻Ʒ򱬣ûа취֯ķ
Ƭ֮䣬һ֧ħͱƷɱ˸Դ
һƬӡ
׷֮
˼˷׷״Ŵֻôʱ֮ڵɱȻ֮һķ
ÿʱÿ̶ļʸһ֧֧ǿԵνÿһ֧ܹ䴩һɽͷۻʮ־ˡ
ս֮ϣΣա
ս֮ϣ򾳵ĸֿݺ۳ңͬпܻᱻΧնɱ
˻ഭһһ֧ħɱ˹
ɱ
ƷһֱӺǰɲǼĹ򣬾Ѿɱһ֧֮С
ǹʼʩɱЩвħ֣ʣµħȻɿ£ȴ赲Ʒ˵Ķ
ںɫѷ֮УƷҲ֪˶֧ħĴħƷֱӳ֣һƬ
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Ȼǰħû˶ֵָ֮ħв½˺üΡ
ܿ죬ԳƷΪͷһ޴ĳսγɡ
սĳԱ̫£ȫûкԮأѰսԵõԴԴϵĴıͲ䡣
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ֳɹһ֧ħ֮󣬳ƷڷٳѷԵȥѾܹѷޱߵǿա
ҲϹսΧڿҪͻΧϹս
أƷȻоһɿֲϢԼ
ָоͺͨ˵ʱ͵Ұһ˲ë
֣
ƷʱһӷӦ˹Ѱ򾳸Ķ֣ǧǰɲһͬħĻһ
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ֻ֣
ԣֱ֣¶ˣ
ƷϷֿԣֵĻ¾һָͷܹش
˾͸˵ˣ˲ͻᱻնɱ
򾳵ʵ֮󣬼ֱ֮
򾳺ؾĲ໹Ҫ
Ϲ䣬ֶһͷµһ
Ϲʱ֮ʱ֮Уֳضܹѹһʱ
ֻǰ벽
Ѿһֻſ֮УǻһֻŻ֮С
ֻǰ벽ʵȴҲԶԶѰ򾳣벻ĿǰĳƷܹᲢ۵ġ
Ǳ˶ˣ
ƷأһɿֲϢԽԽһ˵ٶڽӽ
ܿ죬˼ҲѾһɿֲϢڽӽ
˵ɫ䣬òӳ죬ѵҪ˾ɱô
Ϻǿߣ
Ʒص˵
ʦܣϺɣǷδϣ
ʸʱվ˳
ƷижʱʸƵֳ
ҡҡͷ˵ңûϺ׷һ벽ĸ֣ǵʵ΢赲˭Ϻ󣬶û˶Ϻһģ


2328 սħ
ƷǳһɿֲϢһǿİ벽ߵĿֲڡ
˼ǵʵҪִڣǸܵ顣
һоͻᱻϺҲ𲻵ϺĽ
Ҳһ˶ϺҪϺһ
˼꿴ųƷ˵
ãϺǿߣץʱ䣡
Ʒ˾ϣҲûʱ˼ۡ
Ҳ˾ϣƷ˵ôȷʵܹϺܽġ
˼˲䶼ʼǿȥ
뿪֮ûжãһֲӰնһǧ׵ħ޴Ӱסǿա
һħֻĮĿһվǰСࡣ
࣬ôϺ󣬵ӲһħĿųƷ
˭Ʒǰһħ
ΰħ֮
һħڣ˵
ʱħųƷ˼ˣ¶ЦЦ飬ҪʱôΪǶϺʱ䣬Ϊôǿգ֧ͬĲӲģ
ħƺһ۾Ϳ˳Ʒ뷨νЩ˲ϵˡ
Ʒסһʱ䣬ҲԺ׵׷ѾߵĻʸƵˡ
ħ֮Ʒ鵭ȻԷѾ֪Լı㣬ҲûҪⲻʲôıı
˫֪ıֻ˫˭ûеˡ
Ҽǵһħ֮Űǿգݵʱ򣬱ɱӦһɣƷЦЦ˵
ᵽħʱһž޴
ħһĳ裬ħһųħ֮еǿ壬ȴݵʱ򣬱һһնɱ
ֱܴ衣
֮ħһҲʹǰǰǿʢ
֮ħһнȻûа취ָ̫ʱڵǿ
Ͼûзʼǿ򣬶κһ˵ܶһľ޴ࡣ
࣬ѾɹŭңܺãҪߵŮһɱǵʬʬΣ
һħһŭͬǱһ㡣
ʵϣУƷ˼ȷʵǺ졣
϶Լֱǲ벻̡
˵ĹһħֱӻһģһϮµӡ
Ŀ䣬ĶųƷ
Ʒ˼ʱһ׹ߣħֲѹɨ
ɲǼ䣬ͽ˸ֽС
Ҳףħֵס
أˣҲʲôĶֻǼ򵥵һֻץ˳ȥ
һֻڵջ޴ޱȵצݺݳųƷķ
䣡
һֻ޴צ£ÿһ񷶼ѹıѿͷ·񷱻˺ѿһ
ϹսĿռ֮Уؾܹһȭգ˵һֻ벽Ŀֲħˡ
ƷһӡͷϣɽӶ˲Իһֻħצ֮ϡ

һ޴Ľһһֻ޴צȻ赲סˡ
צץɽӶϣһϸƶûбץƣֻץĻǡ
ţʲôħʱ˼Ȥ֪ԼжôĿֲ򾳸ֵıץһҲᱻ˺ѳ޴ѿڡ
Ȼ׵סһֻħצ
ƾһѾǳĲˡ
̰֮ɫ
챣ӣȻһñ
ħ¶ִ֮ɫȻѾɽӶԼĶˡ
Ʒأղħץһøо˾޴ѹ
ûɽӶıҲҪһ

ħЦһ޴һצץȥ
أ
һɽӶ֮ϣҪɽӶĹĻ򱬡
Ʒƺһֻоķһ˲ͣˡ
һצжôɴ˿ɼһߡ
û˿ãΪ֪ʱǿõʱ򣬷Ļħٶȣܹܿϻʸǡ
ϺҲͲˡ
һûܻɽӶķһħʱŭֱӱ˱壬һͷǧ׵Ŀֲޡ
ħſѪڣֲĻ£ֲĻ𺣳ųƷķϯ
Ʒ˼꿪ʼӴ֮ʱӳ˾˵ٶȣÿһεĻζͬ˲һңԶĵط


2329 
ƷٶѾ˼£ħٶͬȻƷ֮ټϺ绯ٶȿľˣһħٶǸӾˡ
ΪҪȳƷǿϲ٣ĹӲ׷ųƷ˿
𣡡
ħһ޴ϵĴĿ³棬ڵ֮
ͬƿŻķͨʱʹó
һԽѰ򾳸ֺˣֱӺ
ǳƷɽӶͷϣЩȻܹڵķϵ
ȴûа취ͻɽӶķشƷ
ŭħϵں׷ᡣ
˫ɲǼ䣬Ѿǿ֮С
Ȼͬħ˵ԶԶģħľڸڹŴ콾˵ɱϹսһҪħӵĲΧ׷½ء
ЩħľȻҲ˳ƷҪǵγɣƷѾ
ããǿ֮Уûа취ͬϹսǰ㣬ķһС
Ƚɽͼң
Ʒ˼ɽͼĿռ֮УԼʩչ֮ͺ绯
û˼֮󣬳ƷٶһΡ
ûнħ˦˵ѹҲûд㽫ħ˦Ψܹħסħȥ׷ɱʸƵˡ
ʱ䣬ʱ䣬һЩʱ͹ˣ
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¡
ħһֲͷϵɽӶסͬʱƷڵķҲʮ֮һ
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ͬĳƷһ㣬ʮֵļ֣ûа취ɽӶĽ硣
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˫ᴩҲ֪Ѿɵ˫һƬա
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޾ħγһ޴ޱȵħ̾ھӪ֮Уֻһ˿ֻгƷΪܹ֮õ
ħľꡣ
ħʱϲƷߣھͶͬ
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뵽һ˲䣬ƷξѾʧԭء
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ħħһߣȻһʶûС
ϾˣƷǽһռ䣬ղŵ˼ûеġ
ϾѾ˶Բߡ
ǲǶȿռ֮УͳͳҪΣ
ħһȻһħûһС
ֻɲǼĹѾⷽԲǧĵطͳͳΪ˻𺣡
¶˼Цݣ֪Ҫδ
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϶ֻǲ֪жСûа취ҵˡ
޲Ļ֮£пռ䷨Ҳᱻ޾ĻձˣʱһҪ¶
ķԸЩͬȡԵˣԲˬ
ҵǰһУֱǰŪħ˵һƬռ䣬ֻҪƷ¶һ˿ͻᱻ
Ȼû뵽ǣһСʱʱ䣬ΪᱻĻձ˿ռ䷨ֵĳƷȴûгֵļ
ôܣȥˣħŭΪԼѾʤȯյ£ȴƷѡ
ƷͬҲûץסֱܴ衣
ҾͲܲ
ħŭţ֮б˳ĺͬûһƬ


2330 ꣬
һͷħŭ𱬷ͻ滯ĺû˸Ŀռ䣬ڻռ䷨֮Ҳֵܵס֮ը
Ҳ˶Ըռ䷨ʱõķһ˵ռ䷨ƷҲܸߣ׾ͻᱻַ򱬡
޲𹥻
ǳƷɽͼȻѾԶԶħ֪ǷʼǿƵȻ״Ƶġ
ѾһֻſǱ˵һֻţֻŶȥҲûκô
𣡡
ħȴһһҹ֮󣬻ǵȲƷŭ˼¡
ɽͼڣƷ˼һ˶һٱħӣһֲķûһС
ĶסǰһƬǿգڣѾû˺ɡ
ˣˣӣҪڸϺܳʱ䣡
ƷֻǵһЦûнħҪǱɽͼǲЦء
ץʱаɣҸоһεĴˣɽ¥
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˼˵ͷʾͬСϱأ˵ħжҿԲֻϹսĻݵԮӦѾˣȴûпκһԮѾǳ˵ˣ
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ǴĻʳ壬壬壬ȶйŴ콾Ϲս
ĻʳԮס庣ԮҲûпܵľݳ⡣
ֻǿ֮Уûа취ϵ
ڣȻɽͼĿռ֮кܰȫҲʧȥ˺ϵ
ڵЩҲûãǿʵؼģ
ƷڳٱȻ󵱼ʼ
Ѿһﵽǧһ򣬵ͻͽʱ
˶˵֮УƷڳһ̣˼Ҳڲϵĳǧ򣬴ﵽ۷塣
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һգۣʱϢ
ħҲѾ뿪ǰѾ뿪
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˭ϳƷûг˼˿ޱչ֮С
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ŭգһħҲֻԣΪܹɱƷ˭룬ȴƷˣһͨ
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Ķ棬˼ҲͬƼݵģ
˲Ľڹܳȫµ򣬶ȫµ򲻶ϵɵǵ
Ż˿Ƽݣ·һ˲Ҫһ紵һ
໥һۣɵùЦ
˼꣬ЦĿģȻԼҲѾƤͷӡ
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ƷЦЦġ
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ǿߣҲƾУҪòĲ䣬ǾֻǴԼ֮лˡ
ҲΪʲôһҹ򣬰շֱӱ
Ϊ̫ࡣ
һһӡͻȻĶҪȫ̫ˡ
Ҫһطһ֮ĻӸû취ˣ
˼ʱʱһǺܳ
Ա߲һħӪһȥ
ƷЦһһӡ˲һ䣬ﻹиղôƼݵӡ
Ѿһĸߴ󣬻Ƭ˫Ķħ
ңҪȥ
Ʒ꣬˱ʧɽͼ֮С
ٶȳֵʱѾһƬǿա
⻹һƬǿһƬһļžûκĶ֮ǰƯŵʯƬȶҲħŭ֮³׻ΪС
Զһ޴ޱȵħӪ˳Ʒǰ
ħӪկϷһɹɿֲħγһӰڣһӪ
ƷĶħӪľŵʱһֲӰ¿һۣҲûзʲô쳣
Ʒ֪һӪ֮еľֻ꣬һ֧Ӳܹγɾꡣ
ûоľӣսϿ˵ر𣬸Ͳͬһϡ
ԭֳҲȫͬʵ
ħӪһƬӣʱʱоľǰѲӣûֳܷƷʲôͬ
Ʒ׾ٵľѾӽһħӪկĺڱ֮ǰ


2331 俪
һħıӪ˵һӪկ˵ΪפĹϵѾһ޴ޱȵĳǳء
ڳƷǰģһħĳǳеı⡣
ƷոսӽʱһǿϢ˳Ʒֱӷɳһħĸ˳Ʒǰһ˵ߺˣǾӪصأܽӽ
ƷҲֱһһֲĽڳͣɲǼ䣬ѾһĽâնħֵϡ
ħĸֺôҲؾĸ֣˭룬ԳƷʱ򣬾Ȼ˲һһնɱ
ͣ
Ѫɽ
ħĸ֮ء
ôĵӣץʳĿģ
ɱɱ
ץס
һʱ䣬ΧһֲļХ֮Ǳ޵ħַ׷ֳ
Ȼʮµħ֡
ǿ򾳵ĸ֣Ѿ۳ǧ򣬶Ҳؾ۷Ϊ
˵һӪ֮дĸѾۼ
Զ֪ħԴжôںˡ
ôĸ֣ѵʲôҲ֪ĺöôƷҲ¶˼ɻ顣
ΪһıһؾĸҲ͹ˣһ򾳵ĸͱʲôҪҪġ
ħнƻ˵ҪڶʱԼֻ޾սпܡ
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Ȼ֮оȻôĸôΥ˳飬ܿ˳ƷĶ֡
ͷҵģʱһħѾ˳Ʒǰ̫ߴˣͬСɽһ㡣
Ⲣķͨģ
˲²⣬˷֮ͨ󣬿ܹڴʮǺεȵΰͿ¡
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ʲôħĸأԲţԼĹڳƷǰȻôĲһ
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ϢݷǳħҲû뵽֮УȻôһڡ
û뵽Ʒô£Ȼʮħĸɵնɱ
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Ʒǰһ޴ޱȵĴţ֪ҪƿһŲѣһΧѾ˲Ľ󷨣ѰĹƿһ޴Ĵš
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һֲĽ͵һͷ˳ȥ
¡ֲĽâ˺һУնг롣
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ͷ·Ǳѹ˺ܾúܾöͻȻĺˮһ㡣
ֱӳųƷӿ
һ˸ܲħǳƷȴͬɵؾ׵һ
ƷһڽЩóħ˸֮УתΪ
ۿɼģƷƤ࣬һӳƷ뿴ʮꡣ
ġ
ˣ
ƷЦ˻һݹ⣬û˱֮С


2332 һնħӪ
һ޴ıⱻ俪ԿеħͬСɽһѻĵǡ
ЩħħеһĵرеʯǲʵĶ
ֻʯؼγɵģħħ֮еħγɵı
̺ͬӴֻȫͬġ
ˣ㿴ħҲʲôȤΪħ˵ûа취á
ͺħħ޷ֱؼҪظʺħĻһ
ݵĸּõħҲûа취ãսڣܺڵķͻҪը
ǳƷȴͬɵؾħҲԱɣá
Ʒһץ޾ħγһӿɽͼС
ɽͼУ˼ôħӿʼЩħ֮еҲƷڹɵؾҲܹЩħ
Щħ֮еħΪ֮˼ԭݵۿɼķ
棬Ʒһ߽ħɽͼĿռ֮УһԼҲڷЩħ֮еħ
ͳƷյٶȱ˼Щħ֮еٶȼֱС׼ˡ
Ʒһھ̵һͬСɽѻħ
Щħջ۳ʧڰУеħѾƷյһɶ
ƷϣһڣһǱƷյħڲתΪһ̡
Ƭ֮䣬ԭƷΪ͸֧ԵƼݣҲ𽥻ָԭģԵò
һ·Ҳԭַ·ǲϵģ
ħ֮⣬ֻħ֮еĵرһԭҪӦӪ֮ʮħʿõġ
ͳͳƷߣӶĲƸ
ԭƷĲƸһ֮ѾĵĲˣһӸ
Щħ൱ϰڵƷʯ˵Щĵر֮ļ൱ڵƷʯ
ȻܶĵرմȾħѰݵĸ˵ûа취ã֮лħĸ֡
ǶЩմȾħĵرǷǳУеħΪ˵õĵرϧ͵ɽħ֮Ѱҡ
ȻеǸħ˵ҲħĹȻҪЩħĵر
Ƭ֮䣬һĵرѾƷӶһա
񾡣ýһħıӪ𣡡
Ʒ˵
ڱ֮дħѾնɱʣµħѾһ룬Զв
һ˲䣬һɾ춯صĽЮĹâɵĿֲâôֱ㶵ĴħĴӦ֮ϯ
¡
ɵĽâնȻֱӽһ޴ħӪ롣
һʱ䣬ħӪڶֻһħʿһ롣
ħʿڲҽУֲನˢ˵
ֻһѾشһ֧ħӡ
ħʿ׷׷иħĸ֣ؾ򾳵ĸֶ
˶һ±Ƶı飬ѾħĴ󷽣ǿ֮УûбֵĿԡ
ԼˣҲû뵽Ȼڲһôֲ
ǶԸϹս֮еݸĶ֣ҲѾǰ顣
㻹һЩҲӦǶأҳֲŶԡ
ʲôˣ
һɿֲϢħӪڶһ˵ԴȴħĿֲڷӶֱŽâɨķȥ
һ򾳵ħ֣ҲһħӪ֮Ĵ֮һ
ȻӦһâֱӹᴩؿڡ
򾳵ħָӦһֶû˵Ͼըˣնɱ
֮ǰڵɴ۾ƺȫţԼȻôһ
Ϯӣ
ħӾٶڴ󺰣ӪȥһƬңľͼۼϾһ֧񲿶ӣں֮ڡ
Ǿʱһâڰ֮۳͡
ʱ˲ڿʲôһһָֻ߸߾ĮһɵĿֲâϳ͡
Ȼ͵һ£һâֱն˾Ӫ֮ϡ
¡
ӪڲĽ类һһն飬ħ屻ֱնɱΪһѪ
ħʿನɨɳȥ׷ױش


2333 ͷƱ
ħٱƷһһնɱ֮ʣµħѾɾֵܹסƷ׷ɱ
ټ˼Ҳһ֣һ۷Ĵڡ
֣ħӪ±췭ظ
һӪѾ
һӪ֮󣬳Ʒ֪緢ʲô
ھӪ֮омأȻħħ֣ǳƷ˼궼ȱħֵ˽⡣
֪羿ʲô
ͳƷ²ӵһǾħݡ
֮ǰħΧϹսֻһս֮еһֶѡ
ħ崦ĻҪݣЩδ콾ʣͳħбҪĶ
һ콾ɳݿ»ӭһǰδеĻƽʢ
˵ȫֻʮ֮һ콾ɳҲ˵һֲʢ
Ͼ֮ۻš
ԭӦʷ֮ųԼĹâڶͬһʱ֮гɳǺεȺ˵ĳ
ħ巽˽⵽֮󣬾Ѿʼżˡ
ֻ֮ǰ콾һֱݣЩħ弴ҪҲûлᡣ
ǵ콾Ǵ󲿷ֶϹս֮ħãȴõĻڵˡ
ڱ·һ·ȷϹսȻݵԮһĴս
콾ǱϹսʱ֮еȻһ㶼á
ǵķӦҲûгٶ۵ز
鷢֮ûжã˶˹ʶȷ˲Ǳ˴֮֮һ֧ԮѾɾǰǿ֧֮ԮЩ콾
壬ѵõķ˱˴֮ĳɼͳޣͬĿǰ
ʵΪЩ콾ʵ̫Ҫˡ
еŸȺδ
Ȼһ֧Ԯȴ赲ǿ֮Уûа취֧ԮϹս
Ҫ֯ڶǿԶʱħĵڶ·ֱ֣ݣֱӰΧ˸׶һħݵĴսӱˡ
ҲΪʲôħһʱЩ콾ԭ
ʵΪ֮ǰݵԮס˽Ųһֱһ֮ħ֮С
ȵĸԮûԮ֮ħڶϹս֮е콾֡
һսѪɺӣǿŵӢлصǻδüɳԼ۷ʱڣѾǿ֮С
Уоǲޱȡ
츳ǿܹߵҲ̶ܴϾһУνҲʵһ֡
ħڲͳƣ콾ǼһԶϹս֮ϣԭϹս֮ϻԾЩĸ֣ܹӳȥĲ֮һ
Ϊ㾳ͬ콾ǵֶҲЩĸֶĶֱֶ࣬β
ԷЩ콾ӳȥһˣĸǽ
ⱾһݺɳȴҪĵ
֮ײѾʮֲ̣˲ͬڻһսܹɳİһ
ײǱ̰ٱžûӲս֮ϡ
ǿ֮УһЩ콾͵ĸ֣࣬ȴħ˲С鷳
ΪЩ٣Ϊңʵȴǳǿ򾳣ܹɷǳš
ƵƵǲ֣ǲҪЩˣȴҲûʲô취
ΪЩ̫ƻˣڱǰݵ·£͸ɴ̫մλս
һ֧ĴñˣΪľѹ֮ڵ콾
˭֪ǳ˳ƷôɱǣǵûܹλɨƷֱͳͳ
û뵽ħһεжȻô󣡡ʱ˼껺˵֪ûӳȥ
˼˵ĵȻǽ񣬻ʸƣŵˡ
ӳϹս̫գȻذΧ
йʿĳƷ˼˿˵üͷֱ
Ҳһ档
Ӧûʲô⣬ǵһӳȥģʱħûзӦ
ƷϿǰߣصĿԾԽͣټгƷΪͷһ·ƻ
һ·ϵħĴһɱ˸Դʵ۷ûа취Ტۡ
Խǵ棬ӦħɵĴķԽǿ콾͵ֵļǴ


2334 ˫ɷ
Խǵ棬ҲԽ͡
ݿĳƷĿġ
Щ콾֮к壬ҲǷʣлзʡ
˷ʷ֮УһʱǣܹдһС˵֡
ÿһӰǡ
Щ˵̺֮صİأħ彫Щ˵ʬ˻ȥܹоܶݵܡ
һսħҲʧܴ󣬵ܵ˵ջԶԶʧĲˡ
һν֣ħĴȫʤա
ħݣͿ̿ħҪʲôֻҪظħĻݵ˵֮֡
߻Ϊ⣬ħӰٵͣͨûı¡
ʱˣݶûκܹǶﻹֲͳͳ⡣
ӵõҪݿûôף
Ʒ˵
˼˵ͷ˵ڷݵ·ϰһǿıӪĵѰ콾˳ܷɹȥ
˼꿴һ۳ƷʵϣǳƷʵ̫ǿᣬһ֮ɨӪֻǵĽЩ콾Ҳûʲôֱ
ҲǿݣֱӪҲԽ࣬Ǳ¶ĿҲԽ
ǾһһɱȥˣƷ˵ħĺ󷽣ħһ췭ظ
µʱǳħĴڣ˼Щĵ˵ħĿӡ̡
ǳƷбĵƣֻǸһӶӲ
˫ʵ̫ˡ
ǳԽ۷İ벽ĸ֡
ֻһܹһݶܹɾκˡ
޷ʵҲ֣ڵΪʲôزˣ
Ʒҡҡͷ˵
˵ԭܼɵǸħĻôڣѾȫȫںһͷħˡ
һͷħǰ벽ҲһΪͬ춯ء
ѾԽѰǧ
۳˰ǧǧķѰһͷ֮ء
ûκοĿԡ
ƷȴͬѾǧļչһ
ħʧܣ벽ģ
ǰ벽Ҳûз˵սĻҲ
ǵ£෴ģЩԾԾԡ
ڵΪͻȻĸ֣ĻûܹᲢۣ
Ʒ˵
ҽͻƵľ鴫ڸ㣬˵ҲһõĻᣬܹͻƵǧһĻδӰǵ߸Եģÿǰһǰ޹˺ߣʱһͻƵҲñǰǿ󣡡
У˼ʵȻҲͻͽ͵дȣֱͬն
Ѿﵽֽ׶۷ǧ
Ѱ˵Ѿĳ̶ȣ⻹мھǱ
˼껹ܹһһܹͻƵǧһͻôǰĳƷһһǰδͻƵĻᡣ
ã
˼꿴˿ƷĲ·뵽˺ܶǰѧУǸƽӹ۵ˡ
Ǹʱ򣬻е̫ƽӹǰԼ˵Ȼȴڸ߶ĳһ쿪ʼͻȻľͱһš
һҹ֮õʲôһ˫˴˵Ĺϵ͵λ˷츲صı仯
֮ͱȫȫĲͬˣԭ׷ԼڼÿһԼҪ׷ĽŲ
ƴȫҪԼ츳ʣȴûа취׷
֪жֻʣһԸ׷ˣԼʸ
ڳƷ˼һǰݣһ߽;ħľӪ
һʱ䣬;ħӪһӵ˴ù
ԭѾħĴ󷽣ҪʱʱԲ֮⣬ûκεˡ
˭룬ͻȻһðһһŮ뺷ʲôܣǲûܵľ١
ûа취赲סϴٵٶȡ
һһıӪ⵽˳ƷĹһ˵ٶȾͱᴩˡ
Щħľ񣬵Ǿ;Ҳо޴Ĳࡣ
ܹס״̬³ƷĹ
ħֳ׽ҪٵֵԼǧĵˣȴ˸󳭵ףһһľӪεⱻϴ١
ԽǿݣħӪҲԽࡣ
һʱ䣬˫ɷͷħ֮ޱȡ


2335 սħ
ƷһһħľӪҲħ¸ܵʹĸо
ͣǿ֮еĹŴ콾ƷҪֲˡ
ѰŴ콾ѾΪ򾳵ĸ֣۷壬׵ĳһӪ
ΪЩħܾ񣬶γ˾ꡣ
ǹƥһӪǶ·һҲֻԱѡ
˵ǿ󣬵ּľ񲿶ǰԵòˡ
ǷЩжħӡ
ȻҲħһЩ鷳ǻ϶С飬ħĿ
ЩŴ콾жص㣬ɱ˺ЩŴ콾
ǳƷͲͬˣֺҼһӪĸֶסһγɵľҲһ֮
ѾԽ򾳵ļ¡
ﵽһ־׵ĵزټ˼һԸ˺ܹܿһħĴӦеĲƸӶһա
ƷһӶЩƸһ׳һͼ
Ѿ۷壬һͻƵǲ޵еĿʼ
ƷԽ¾ԽǽӽݣħҲԽԽࡣ
Ʒɱ¾ٶȼ죬Ҳоͬ䵽֮һ㣬жٶȱ͵һǳµĵز
ԭƷһ춼һ֧ħľӣڣƷһͿü֧ħľ񲿶ӡ
ģ·һŴſųƷ˹
Ʒûвһϵɱ¾ϵݵķ
һ죬ıԵݵ粻ʮ·򾳵ĸ˵νǵϦ
ǰѾһȺ赲Լǰ
Ϊ׵һյľǵ׷ɱƷһħ
ħԱߣվΪĮĸ֣ĿųƷ˼ˣ·ڿһ
ݣκ˿ˣᵹһΪħѾǰ벽֮⣬ʣµΪĮħ֣һ⣬ȫ۷Ĵڡ
۷壬ҲδܲĶȥ
ּ࣬ˣħ˿ƷЦЦ·ڿһһ
ȷʵмûû뵽㻹û
ƷһͷħһĨЦݣ֮УмԾԾԡ
ϵ˭ɱң
ħЦ
㣬ǵҵûȻֳô飬ұһλ𷣣ħᵽһ㣬ɵҧгݡ
ƷǴѵģȥ׷ƷĹϵݵŴ콾ûؿ
ԭƻҪܳȥܶˡ
Щһɳ۷壬ħǳͷۣô˶ܳȥħ˵ҲǷǳƵġ
һжҪڳƷ
ħߵǰ˴ˡ
֪ħڳƷжôĺˡ
ûǴĻħһħ֮ӦкպôڻҪȥأǵţ᲻ᱻ
ƷЦЦ˵
죬һֲѵ
ħŭɶ˰̡
ڵħһ忴պգǺ͵ħ֮滹ڵʱ棬ħһ˸ǻԶ
Сˣܹѣҽնɱֲ֮ǰĴ󣡡ħ˵
˵ʱʱ죬һɿֲϢֱ˹ħˡ
ǿֲһֱ˺ǿգųƷץ˹
Ʒȵãһͻ֮Ҳһ൱Ķ֣˼꣬סǣȡһʱ䣬նɱһͷħ
û⣬ң
˼᳤һԲֱӳħߵֲӰͷϣɽӶ֣ת
ϴһĹĻС
ֲĸҲͬʱ֣Ҫڵһʱɱ
һʱ䣬սѾֳ֣Ʒħսһеս
ƷХһ֮Уһڿµĳһ˲ն䵽һֻ޴ħצ֮ϡ
أ
һֻħצֻգۼĹ
ţħЩ⣬ԼĹȻƷһӴıҪ֪֮ǰƷûа취ԼĹ
ƾɽӶķǿѡ
ûʱ䣬ΪȻǿز
뵽޴˫֮Уɱ
Ҿ·ħһ޴ƻײһݺݵĳײ˹


2336 ˫֮ս
𣡡
ħŭţ񷶼žҵĶǿֱֲײͬһŴǺɨ
ħֲħħ֮УħһҲһġ
Կͬķ·硣
ȻƷŲæֱָȭȻһȭ˳ȥ
¡
ضڸžҵĲҵĶ³նһѺۡ
˫ѾԽѰ۷壬˵һЩࡣ
ЩʱҲԣѾܹա
ôܣħЩ˼飬ԼںͳƷײĹ֮УռƣڻƷһȭѷ졣
ľ޴צӵƬ϶ơ
֮ԵǣƷû˿ϣ鶼ûбبŲһ
ҵ㻹ǿʵ˵еħһҲˣ
ƷһȻûкˣֱӳħķ׷ɱ˹ȥ
˫֮޾֮ڷӿ֮γһӰ
һӰ־ǽֻʣ
˵֮ɻʵĿֲڣɻ֮ؼһеֶơ
ʱһֻʺݺݳħһȭ˳ȥ
أ
ħֱӺ˳ȥ˶㱻ɵˡ
һȭֱӴشˡ
ֱԼײ֪ݣȻȫȫûκεƣֻơ
ƷĹͬ籩һû˿ֻ֣ʵӰڲϵĽҲϵĺ˲ȭÿһȭ᳤գ˾˵ĳգ·ҪᴩƬա
ʱһĿ¡
ħͬɳһϵĺȥ
һʱ䣬Ȼɵˡ
ۣ
ħһھ޴ޱȵѪ˳ǱƷһȭеģڲ
ҲţҪɱһǿУҪ޵У
ħϵѪȼգһ˲䣬ݻһͷħӰһͷħħ֪Ҫǿ϶٣Ϣͨ죬·Ǻյľ
ſ˫ɲǼ䣬ǿնΪ֮Ʊɫ
ħȼѪ֮ǿתħ֮һԪա
ĵơ
½ֻһħ֮Ԫգ丽ħϣҲһĸ֡
ԭİ벽֪Ҫǿ϶ٱ
࣡
һ·ңԶ֮ǰĺ
һͷħˣռ䶼𶯡
һս˼߸ħĸֶһĻˣǿֲƬա
Ƿǿߵʵ½ֻһԪܾȻԴﵽĵز
һħĸ̲ס˵
ǵʱħȫʢʱ̫ԶˣǿѾǴ˵ǷǿߣҲǷëǡ
£ǶڷǿߵĲ²Ҳֻܸݷǿ߽в²⡣
ڿ֮ǰеĲ²ⶼ̫ЦˣǿߵһԪʱֵܹʵ
һѪֻ¶ɱһ֡
ܹ׽ɱ⣬ɴ˿Ʋڷǿ˵ֻһǷܽɱ⡣
ƷҲܵ޴ѹҲû뵽ħȻĵơ
ҪҲûôף
Ʒ֮Уڲϵתܹоһ۾֮ͷ˳
·ܵʲô̼һԭֻͽ͵ֻʵӰȻһ֮пֲâ˸
һӰһӾͳ˳ƷƿطΧ
ֻʵ־ˣ
Ʒʱˣ˫ֻ֮ʵѪħ֮ĸն̼ͬˡ
˫ѪĶƴ
ħ̫֮ʱħ֮еߣһ֧ϵħݡ
ֻϹʱ֮ɵϴڣڸԵ֮У޵£Ƿʼǿߡ
ʱ򣬶̼Ļָԭһ˿ԪѪ
ħֻ֮ʵʵ˭ǿ˭Ʒ֪ʱֻʵʵȴǿħ֮档
ϻߵ־Ӱ֮вײǵϡ
ħϳֹ֮ħ֮ħ֮ϷӳԶħʵս׵ȼ
ȵ˼˲òԶһħ档
ֻʵϢӿֲָѸȻ֮ѹסħ֮档
ħ֮治ϵĵŭ𣬲ֻħƷڴδεײ֮г׵·硣
䣡
һξ˵ײֻ֮һȭᴩħ֮ħ֮ɢ


2337 նɱ
˫֮սĻֻʵӰһȭħ֮Ӱ
ֲĳ˾޴ĶϵĻߵɱֻʣһԪҲԶֻǰ벽ĸܹᲢ۵ġ
ۣ
ħһѪ˳嵹ɳȥħ֮Ӱ򱬵һ˲䣬Ҳֱشɡ
ֻʵӰֻһ·ĳƷƺѾָ˼־ȻҲͬĹɢ
ƷһҲû뵽ħȻĵƣܹȼԼѪٻħ֮档
ֻ֮ʵ־̼ĸվѣֻ³ƷҪд鷳ˡ
ȻƷаԱϾħ֮渴յҲֻһѣսҲֻк̵ܶʱ䣬ܳս
ֻҪȥʤضģҪͬݣǸܵġ
Ʒֻоֻʳô̵ʱ֮УԼѪһգֻʱٻ֮һһͶ㶼Ҫķ޾
ĵȻͳԳƷϡ
Ѫʢ˼µĳƷҲо·һ˲һֱյĸо
ڵĸڼĻָٶȣȴȻоһֿտյĸо
ĶħԸˣȫήˣֻԭһĴС
ȻɺӴգ˵Ϣȴޱȵήҡ
ƷľѾЩԲˣ˵ħˣʧֻڳƷ֮ϣڳƷ֮¡
·
Ʒһ֣ʱһɿµ֮ϱ۳һڿֲľ޽һ˲䳯ħնȥ
һ֮۳һž޽̺ųƷڽ⣬ﵽһֵǷ켫ĵز
ڴҲͨѧ֮ϡ
ħһˣϣħȻڱֱӻĺɫꡣ
𣡡
ħһ޴֮ͬǿֻ֮һȻղҪ̫ˡ
һ֮һڶɫĳӭնľ޽ȥ
ͣ
޽ͬжһһ֮ĺɫն롣
âȥƲȻֱ׷ɱħȥ
ͣ
һնħһֱ߳ɨУ䡣
ħ־־㣬û뵽ԼĹڳƷǰȻ˵Ĳһ
΢赲һ³Ʒ
ɵøп⵽һʲôĹ
Ҫ֪Ϊڰ벽ĸ֮У޵еĴڡ
ǰ׷ɱƷʱ򣬼һ֮ͽ׷ɱ·µš
ȻڲŲʱѣ˫ĲǵûбһƷӭͷ
뵽ֱ֪;ԲܷһҪնɱƷˡ
Ҳĸ֮
һҪÿ죬ֻѾ˳Ʒϡ
ǼˣսҲ嵽ԼͳƷ֮Ĳࡣ
Ʒûֹͣ˼ָȭһȭ
ɲǼ䣬ƷһֻȭͷȭâᴩһС
һ˲ͺħؿڡ
ħҽһ޴ƷӻƬڳƷһȭ֮£ûκô
ֻѪ罦Ѫɺӡ
ⲢţʵּĸһѪһС
ħͼ赲ƷǰĽŲȻŶһھ춯صĽââգħ׼նȥ
ħƯ֮Уһ
Ʒħʬʱһս֮ϣ˼۷ĸֵĴսҲѾĻ
˼ʵ֮ϣ˵ɽӶʲôĹκβ˼꣬ûа취ɽӶķ˼ȴ޼ɵĳ֡
ĴսȻǲƽġ
ûãѾ˰˼ϡ
ʣµڿħѾ˳Ʒϣﻹͣ׷׾Ҫѡ
˼Ҳֻסһˣʣµַ׷׳˷ȥ
һҪߣ
Ʒ̤֮Уһӡ֮ϣۣ
һɲǼѾɨ
Щ׷ʣµħĸֶȥ
Ƭ֮䣬ͽЩħĸɱѪ֮С
ܿͱƷһߡ
ʣµǸħĸ֣Ҳû֧Ŷãͱ˼նɱ
ƷãгƷڣ˼սҲԶѰ۷ĸֱ֣ӳҲǿԵġ
Ʒʰս֪ħڸ֮УֱӴ˼ʧһƬ֮С


2338 
Ʒ˼귵ݵʱ򣬲ŷ֣ݶս֮С
ħ֣ȼݵս
һƬ޾ɱ¾
ԶԶģԳƷĿܹڵ۶ķħƹգȥ֪
۶ΧУԭΡޱȵĵ۶ʱҲȫȫİС
ԼԼܹ޾ħ֮Уһػŵ۶
͵ƷʱȣһҪСһЩɫҲһЩ
ҲΪһ˽ڴĻʳ˹˸أ˼䣬ı˥
Ƿǳ
˵۶֮⣬ڴĻʳǧУħҡ
ħ֮⣬иħаѪԭҳҵаܳˡ
ڱ߽Ʒк壬壬壬ͺڳû١
Ʒ˼໥һۣʣΪӵ
ʹԤ֮Ϊӵ
ԭƷΪݾԿħ壬ڲŷ֣ͲӣħƺĺȺڶţΨж׷ʹ
Ҳڳû٣ЩƽﱻĻʳѹڱ߻ĸҵ
ȫðˣֱȺħ裬´ҡ
Ʒܹ֮ϣħͷХźͬ¡
ȫȫһģʽģȻ磬˵ʵݺ£Ҫӻô֮¡
һ۶ƣ帲𣬿ҲӸˡ
ϾߣҪ֮С
ĻҲòĶȥϵԴ֮⣬Ⱥûˡ
һȺԽǿԽǸﱲ֮ȺôȺ˶ᱻ
Ǹʱ򣬸ϵƿðƽĴڵʱû˻оһһ˴ûˣôһţ񶼽ð
ͺ콾ս֮ǰѫǰĻҶвĹŴ콾𣬵ǴĻʳûзϡ
ΪǵĳѾû˳˵ļӳɣôȵùĻʳš
û뵽ƶӵزˣҪеǿսˣƷ˵
أʱһǿϢ֮˳ħ֮еһֻħצֱӳŵ۶֮еһץȥ
˽
󵨣
أһȣӵ۶֮дһɺȻ۶֮е˳ӭһֻħצϡ
¡
ֲһĻֲĴընڲ
ţڵ۶ϷһӰ˳Ʒ֮Уһ׷ͯյߣαֱһֻץһֻʣղžԴʵ㿪һֻħצ
ǸӦǺȻԺԺ˰ɣ
ƷǸߣ뵽ߵݣڵĻʳ֮˵ѧΪģ˺ȻԺԺԼҲûбˡ
ȻԺԺںܾúܾǰѾԺλ֮ˡ
ˣʼղ֮ϣ֪ҪϹ񣬿ڳԺ
ν£඼ǳ֮ϵĴԱҲԺ̵ġ
ȻԺһֱܹʮŵڶȾ֮󣬺ԺĴкܴĹϵ
ԺȻΪ
˼ҲЩ𾪡
ղųֵǸħ壬϶Ϊ򲻿֮в
Ժ赲Ҳ˵ˣԺ϶Ϊ
ƷҲЩΪʲôʮ֮УƷֻĩĴڡ
ڵ˾ͽΪֻ۷壬ٿԺžͿɼһˡ
û򣬺̶ܴϣֱӽʮҲֳȫͬĵΡ
һֱ˶ʮֳΣǰڣȻԺʹ̣λȦʣµͳͳλȦ
ԭƷЩɣʮ˴֮Ȼ֮ô
ڳƷˣܹͺȻԺͬΪλȦںʹ̶ҲС
Ψ˲ܹͣۺô仯ǰһֱ
ԺħҪͻ۶Ҳûôס
ֻԭƷΪĻǴ̫ξԶԶģƷܹ֪̫ξϢڵ۶֮У෴ģڡ
д̫ξ嵽ڲôûдٽгû٣ֻССģĲɱӡ
ˣȻݹ˾޴в


2339 
һˣ
óƷҲЩ棬Ȼд̫ξô壬壬ԼϷ壬ǺηѹܹסЩ壬Щôء
һͿ̿˵Ҳδز
Ʒ˵Ψûᡣ
ԭӦ֪˾ҵڹҲûʱҵ鷳ˣ㹻ʱɳ
֮У˶ڳΪıɡ
Ȼط˵
Ʒ˵
˼ȻЩңɽǴʱҴȻȫѾ۷壬֮УȻȫ
˵Ľų̼죬ܿ죬ھѾǰˡ
͵۶֮һ޾ħڵΧסִսϵıھĴںħ棬ǸĲ˫ǲ˸ء
ħĸִڷڵĴ֮ɱӣ޶֪ɱ˶飬ɶͿ̿
ЩǷǿĸԴڣҲǷܹԴԴϵǿĸڡ
ôܹЩħɱ¾ƻ
˷ͬɳһ֧֧ľЩħԡ
ֻǺ͵۶ǱߵսʣС׼ˡ
ƷûйЩС飬Ǿֱ˷ڡ
ʱڷڣһȺڿᣬȫǷͳߡ
˾ͽ֮⣬һ򾳵̫ϳϣؾʸûУͬΪ̫ϳϣ˴֮ĵλҲͬر
ʱ򣬷ڵĵֵ̲쾡£ƽﲻɽ¶ˮ㶼ټϰ򾳵ĸ֣инʮǿ۷ĸ֡
Ϊ׵˾ͽ
˾ͽ֮⣬һ֮չֳ˾츳Ļʸƣŵȶ
֮⣬񣬺ޣȸҲϯ
ȻԭǷڵˣǸƷģвٻǱƷշģҳûʲôġ
Щ𣬶һӾ÷ڵĵ˸֮ס
һЩͳͳôҲһԾΪǿš
ܹͻƵʾ磬Ǿ͸Ӳˡ
Щ𣬷ڵȻûƵĵ
֮⣬ĹŴ콾ʱҲ׷׿۷塣
ֻǺЩγڡ
콫ҽֻΪһ飬ҪλħĽ
˾ͽȿ˵
ֻҲû뵽ȻħķҲͬǲǼɱ¾ȥЩͨ˶Ƿڵĸƾħɱ¾ȥضҡǵĸ
ûа취ݶ˽״̬ҪԮҲǻõģһЩһȵѾħˣҪȻѾΪħĴֺצ
һ̫ϳʮƵ˵ڱ˵ԮˣǻԮ
ֻҵĻǵȻ᲻ңֻǸҲܹԮĶ
ڵ֮ҪֹЩħĴƻڳһҪڷ֮⣬ˣͳͳƽڸ֮ڵħ壡
˾ͽ˵
ҲҪǿϳȱģʱ䣡
˾ͽĻ˵ȻףҲǲɵøпҲĻҲͲôǱˡ
һͿ׾ٵĻЩħ
ּĴڣеĴûκãֻǸָͲˡ
ڣȻԺд̶򣬼ĸֲڣ㹻ĺ֡
֮ڵȻҲпʦһЩֻ֣ǲһʱ򣬸׶á
ûĲ
˾ͽ˼Ҳԣʱ䣬ӵܹûʸͻƵʱ
ͻǷǳǳѣЩͻƣܱҪ򵥵Ķˡ
зʵˣͻƵֻʱѡ
ƫƫȱٵľʱ䡣
ʵϣĻʳҲǴͬ⣬񣬸Ŵ콾׷׳һӭ˹ĵ̣ȫʱ֮ųԼĹâ
ԭ˵ĵԿܻὫشıȻڴʱȴΣǲǻὫشıǲ֪Щٲͻƣͱˣǽǰ顣


2340 ħ
¶ڵȴΨЩɳͻƳΪпܶɹΣ
δЩһͻƵʾ磬޾Ⱥս
˵ǷƮҡ
أڿ˷׷̧ͷǸܵһǿڷӿ
Ƿ׷ۿȥŷڵɽţҲ赲סǵ۾
ȴ֮УӰֱɱΧסڵЩħ֮С
Ǹӣݻ˳޴
֮ħľӷ׷ױֱըɷɻңͬʱӡڰ۳һֻ޴ޱȵķݣ̫ڤˡ
̫ڤͨ屻Χ㸲˷ԲϰĴСһᣬɨħ
֮ħ׷׻Ϊɻҡ
һˣͬһ֧һ
ħļʸγɿµļ꣬Ƕûа취˾ͱ֮Ϊɻҡ
ԱߣһŮһڳâ̳޴ĽĻ֮ħ嵱׷׺飬赲ס
һ·ɱһ·ǰɨ޵С
ǳʦܣ
ʸƵһӦ˹¶˾ϲӵ顣
Ȼ֪ƷӦû£ϾͳƷǧԼĽǶû£ҲζţƷӦҲû¡
ʱĿƷ˵ĻǴϲ
Ҳࡣ
粻û£Ϊгأžϲ˵
ŷ֣ƷΪƺ𵱳ǰϹսʱ򣬲֪Ҫǿ϶ٱ
˵ԭƷؾ۷壬ôڣƷ۷е۷壬ֻ赭дľͺħ֮У֪Ϊжôľˡ
ãأ˾ͽһȴǵУ֮ϳһͷ֮еľޣһͷħ֮еħޣΪ£һΪѾﵽ۷Ϊ
ΪӴͣǻĵزԷ֣ȡñˡ
ҲЩΧڵħ֮һ
ħĴ֮бסŲ֮ľ޾ħ
Ǹʱ򣬾ʮҲ͵ġ
һ֣ҶʦܱסʸͻȻ˵
ǽţǾͿĿɿڴһĻ÷ڵ˾ͽʮͷ۵Ŀֲڡ
ţƷһӾͳ嵽һͷ޵Ϸ
һͷħһ޴ſ죬һֲĲγɣ˳Ʒ
Ʒһż̤һϣһ񳱲ȵķ顣
Ȫ̤
Ʒһż̤ӳĻȪˮ䵽һͷħ޵ϡ
һͷħ޵ȵķѣĲҽ
һͷ۷壬ܹ÷¶ٴеĿֲħޣһŲ̤ķѡ
ȻƷ΢΢תһ֮˳˲ͽһͷħ޽ʳľӿ˫֮С
ͣûֱӳȥæ
ͬʱҲŵùǺ
Ʒʵֹǿһô򵥡
ֱǿˣ
۷ֻ»治ôɱġ
Աߵ˼Ҳ˿˾ͽʵҪǿϼ֣۷еҪǿ
ϣһ·ϲ֪ɨ˶ħľӪ֪նɱ˶ħľ
ΧڵħҪκһӪҪĶࡣ
Ҳ赲סˡ
Ǻɨ
ܿ죬ħ֮еĸҲ׷׷ӳ˹׷˳Ѿе˼µĳƷʱȴǶ֡
ͨؾһɨһȺؾ֮µħٸ΢һ¶
ѰҲһһ
е˳Ʒزʲôûκ塣
۷Ҳ΢ܹһ£ͱնɱҲжѡ
ڵһڸֶĿɿڴĿųƷѸײڶ֮ƣѹ֮еħ
⡭Ҳ̫ǿ˰ɣ
⻹ʱͷ۲ѵħô
ֱǱֺɨһ
һڸ˵ЩħǱһǱ뺷ħ
Ͼڼʮ֮ףҲʮ֮ǿܱȵġ
ܹɽΧס÷¶ûа취һ֧ħʵ֮ǿ֪
Ȼôǿħȴ˵Ĺ֮һⲻܲǻԼǲǿˡ
˵ѹͲͬһ֧ħ
ôĵӣ࣬㼤ŭң
ڣħ֮һֲϢɨ


2341 ɱ벽
ħ֮УһֲϢӴ֮г
һߴʮ׵ħ˳ħ֮еľħһ壬ıͨħҪߴĶ࣬ϵϢӿֲԶ򾳵ħ塣
ħ˿ӿֲ
ضײһ㲨Ʋϡ
Ҫռײķ顣
һֲֻĴƿգֱӳųƷķ
벽ľ֡
һΧڵħҲָ֮¡
ҲħĿֲڣ÷ڵһڸֶΪͷۡ
лʸƵһڶȻ޷򿪾档
벽Ŀֲڣһ֮ѹŷµһڸ֡
ãǸħ˶ʱüͷ塣
˵Уħʵֱֲĸ֣ĻκεּĴڡ
пֲħڷڣħۣµĴַһУһС
Ʒȴû˿ĺ£һХɲǼ䣬Χķڳһ޴һֻںƷ֮еʱ򣬾ͱֱӽ˷ĩ
Сֻĳ̶ȣͰɣ
ƷЦһıһ֮һչ˿
ɲǼ䣬Ѿ嵽һͷħǰ
˲ȭ
Ʒָȭֲȭָ֮ڣȻɲǼ˳ȥ
oӰڳƷΧȻ͵һӳǾħѹȥ
𣡡
Ǿħϵ֮ɢħԽԽӭǣɲǼ䣬ͬһɽһӴ
ǾħϺµħͨҪûƷ
¡¡
˫ײضŲԶԶģЩħľӸҿѾͱ˫ֵನɨΪҽ
ڵɽŴ󶼷תֵһһµನ
ɽŴھҵĻζ
أ
һֲײ˵ɴ۾ҪʲôʱȴħֱӺ˳ȥ
𣡡ħȻɳȥħӾȼճΪħ档
֮иͨ죬ѾܾúܾûĶˡ
ħһ壬ħ֮еҲһģޱȣħھħһ֮Ҳٮٮߡ
ȴƷһȭɳȥ˸׵ס
ħţҪ۳һ޴ޱȵ򣬽С
Ʒûκͣһȭ˳ȥ
أ
ħһҽУںͳƷԺʱֱ۶鿪
Ѫ鿪
ɱңƾӵʵ»
ƷֻһЦ֮˲ȶһӷɵ˾ħϷһż̤
Ȫ̤
ƷһȣһֻɽһĴż̤
أ
ħֱһŲУֱӺ飬ȻؿڱֱӲС
ħҽһȵķѡ
òײԶ齨ϴŴ
Ǽ򵥵һιƾϵѹԽش
һֱӽشϵħһȥ㶦ʢʱڵһ롣
ôôǿ
ħֱţԼѾǰ벽Ĵڣ֣Ļôܻôҡ
֣Ҳ˰ɡ
֮оȻôֲĴڣһʼħעǼĸ֡
ʱΧڸûκζ֣ǷڵҲĶֻ֣ܹڷ֮ڣԷֵ̺֮ĵħΧˡ
Ͳ֪ȻֲֿĴڡ
֪ĻµתܰɣȻǺʲô
ǽ¾Ǳ˸˵ˣҲš
ȻӦƷһ־ͳǰһȭ˳գֲĳһУ˲ͶһӺ
һҪ½ǳƷĻᣬһžͽȱˡ
һĿֲͰԵ
ѰеҲǧ򣬶һİ벽ĸ֣Ҳǧﵽ벽Ҳ߰ǧ򣬾ѾǼˡ
⻹Ƕĳ־˵⣬ȴԳ׽֮Ĺɽ׶Ρ
һͻƣһ
Ʒھһ۷Ѿ֣ȻƷĶ֣Ա֮Ǻ޻֮


2342 ħ
ħˣ
һڸ߲ƺЩ޷ܣޱͷ۵ľħô׵˳Ʒ
Ƕһֲʵĸоֱ߸ǵۡ
һ֣ƺħҲ˵ĸо
ȻǶָ֪оһִֻǲ˵Ļôֻƾһ֮ѹƵǷڲĴ
ֻһֿԣǾǳƷ̫ǿˣǿ׵ĵħ׵նɱħΨһܵࡣ
ɱȥһٻħ
˾ͽ̾ץסᣬڵĵ̲СǼɵħĴڣ֯ɱȥˡ
ھħƷնɱνǧѷĺûᡣ
ܿ죬һ֧һ֧ķھʼħ
ħ֮е򾳵ǿ߱Ʒ½½նɱɾ֮ʣµħͲһ
ʸƣ˾ͽ˱˺ܾãزڰ಻ס׷
ħһһʱħѾˣʧأڵĴβ׷ɱʧأʮһ
׷ɱΧڵĴ֮⣬һ֧֧ľҲأħŵĵط
ͬʱһ̫ϳϷ׷׳أֳַǰأħȾĵط
ħ֮ĵһ飬ǽظɺħĻ⼸Ѿࡣ
Щڵ̫ϳϾҪħȾĵط»ָ
һʱ䣬¶ԱڻָħȾĵط
ͬʱĸ߲㣬˾ͽȴڵȴųƷĻع顣
һηڵΣõ̶ܴϣڳƷʵ
Ʒһ֣ˣһֶһ˵ǺεȵҪ
ûгƷڵʱ򣬾ħƾһ֮ѹŷ¶ãɱȥ֧ԮҪС
ֻĿħƻΨһİ취ǵȴʸƵ˸һﵽ벽֮󣬲ſԳ׽ħϳȥ
ڳƷع飬׾ٵľʹǵ֡
Ʒ˶ħ׷ɱ˷ڵʱȴ֣˾ͽ˶ڵԼ
ţƷ˵Աߣ˼ͬ
ض񣡡˾ͽæ˵˵ԭΪ͵λѹƳƷһͷôڣѾǳײܵˡ
ʦܣû뵽ǵʵǣ벽ľħĶ֣ʵҲ̫˰ɣ
ʸƿ˵
ЩˣзڵԴ͵ȫ֧֣Ϊֱ˿ԽԵҲ۳ǧ򣬴ﵽ۷塣
ΪѾǹˣΪ֧ЩĿٳɳڵĵһ˵ٶȥ
Ƿڻ˲֪ĵ̣Ҫһ֮þ
ͳƷĽȣǲ̫Զˡ
˵ͳƷȣǺ˼ƺһء
֪Ʒ澿ʲôԺͷôܵĵᲢۡ
֪Ʒһ·֪˶ħıӪһ·ٺɨӣħĵȻҪԶԶȷҪĶˡ
ûʲôһħѣ֮ǰҲŸոնɱһħҲǰ벽
Ʒ˰֣Ȼ˵
𾪣·ڳƷĿУ벽ͬѰһնɱնɱ
նɱֻΪǰֶֻ༸ܶɱ
磬㵽ôģ̲סʵ
ƷŽ⼸һһ˵һֲ˵֮⣬󲿷ֶû
һƬû뵽ƷǾȻһ·ɱģһ·ϲ֪˶ħıӪϴٵħ屦⣬һ·ԽսԽǿħĸ߲㡣
ɳħĶǿǰ
ֻħ߲ԼҲû뵽ƷʵȻɳô죬Ѹײڶ֮ƾѾԽ˰벽
ǳߣǳƷĶ֡
ʱ򣬼ǳҲˣƷѾˡ
磬̫ˣħһ̣
㵸Ц
϶Ҳħ߲Ұһлᣬ»ֳԸ㣬пܣ
˾ͽЩĵ˵
֮УԭһйѾ飬Ʒֵǿƣʲô¡
Ϊˣ»˵ļɵڲˣҪɵ֡
ǺͳƷ޵ڣٵ֪Ʒû֮󣬻ʲô飬֪


2343 ΧԶ
޷ڵѵ֪ܲһôҸߵǵ͵ûκ壬Ψһİ취ǳǻûзӦԼʵԼܹͻƵǸʱҺΣ
Ʒ˰֣Ͳںڷֵ飬Ҳȷʵĵ
ǵеİ벽ҲĶ֡
ѣȻǺ޿µˡ
Ҫǰʲô˾ͽ룬ƺʱȷʵҲûбİ취ˣΨһİ취ǰƷͻƵ
Ǹʱ򣬷Ҳһ򣬵λһԾԺڣȻԺᲢۡ
ȻͬΪʮҲҲǷֳŵȣûʵϣǻ־ͳʮеλȦλȦ
λȦβƵĴڣλȦȵһƥǸûκô
ڣڣҩȵȾͱ̭ˡ
ǷֻǸպóһƷһ֮ס»ķڣĻںǼҲ˿Ĳ
ҪƷֱ˵ĿǰΪܹṩİѾˡ
ǷڵĴʼˣҲֻΪƷİеʵļ䣬Ʒ˽ܻڷڵĴʼ֮ϡ
Ƿȱģ㹻ĻۣһͻƵ
İ취ӦۣȻһͻƵȻƿ϶ôʱȥͻơ
ֻʣһ취Ǿǿɱ˵ĵ̣ǿʵ
Ǿ㹻ڷǳ̵ʱУǿΪ
ȻˣҾͲ˵ʲôˣʲôҪҰæģң
˾ͽ˵
ɨħжڳУûͷ֮ħΧܿͱˣħĴҲڲϵ֮С
һʱ䣬¡
ħݣҪ̬֮£ڻǵһԼطΧ֮ڵħ˵
¶ܵ˼Ĺ裡
ͬʱԮϢҲͬѩƬ泯ŷڷ
۶棬Ҳּ⣬÷ڴɨħ
һҲͰ˷µǰڸոհˣΧкܶڱħ֣ҪǰȥԮ
һ뿪ͺܱܿħһֲ
ʱ򣬳Ʒ޷˵վ˳
ƷһǷԶǣķأͬʱҲľӣԶ
ʱԶҲͬħɧţΪش壬壬ĽأԻв壬壬ͺɧš
ԶľҲûа취ͬʱܵôķ档
ֻԶ֮УˣټԶҲħΧס
ʱԶǵϷһԼԼӰڰ֮У·Զǣ֮дżĮ
ǣӣӰǣֻҪԶԸ⳼ӣӿԽΣ֮У
ǴĻʳԹ˲Ͼпչǣûб·һӰ˵±ħ
ԼʵžԵš
ħ֪Ρ
Ӱ룬бµɱǣҪͶܣ
ʱдһ
ڤ粻飡
Ӱ˵ּΪ顣
أʱһֱִֻץħ֮С
ʮΧԶǵħһץѪ
ʲôˣħ֮УʮǿϢһӷ˳ؾϵĴڣղһֻûܽͳͳץ
ûǷӦ֮УʮֲĽâɨգ׷׽ǶպƬ
һʱ䣬ϷħʧӰ١
ղŻԶ¶޿κεħ׾ٵĺɱ
΢ֿһ¶
ԭʮſӰͬʲôֲһʱһ
ǰһһӰ֪ʲôʱѾǰ
ȴһһϮ۵ֶ꣬
˴֮У֮ͬһΡ롣
Ǻү
ʱԶУкܶ˺Ȼ˾ϲķ֣ԶȳΣģԶƷ
֮Уȳ̲סǵһʱͳ˳ȥ˳Ʒߡ
ү̫ˣ
ȳ־ϲ˵
Ʒȳƣ΢Цܺãĺܺãҵģ


2344 ǣ˭죡
ǳƷӰǰˣѾ³˵ݡ
ϾԶǵǳƷⲢѲ¡
ԭҪռԶǣΪ帹ص塣
ѱȻд̫ξǣס壬Ǵ̫ξҲ֮еһλǣס޷
ƽʱ޷Ϊ֮вֹһλʱԹ֧Ԯ
ƽʱݹȣӱҲˣЩҲܲ
ҪռǳأǾͻӭ֮дķ
֮ǼλֲĴڣֻҪһλ㹻ʬΡ
ʲôٶ
ȻڲͬһǧѷĻᣬ֮в̫ξǣסҲԱԵĶǣס
޷֣Ҳǧѷĺûᡣ
Զ彻֮˵ͨĽͨŦλϷǳҪ
Զǣǿ帹أǿԷסĽ·
ˣǱұ֮ء
Զǵ˿ɲһҲͬ˶Զǡ
֮жԶǵҲһ
Щ֮УռƣҪΪǿռȻռ
ڣԶǵ˻ˣƺһ㼬ء
ҾǴԶƷƷɨһǰӡ
ǰκαװûκ壬ԿԷı壬һǧɵĿֲͨڣе̵Ƭ¼ˡ
һһͻƽͿֱӻһ
֪ѱҪħĹ֮£ҡҡ׹㻹ĻʳĺλΪôӰЦһ˵
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ҲΪʲô嶼֮еǿ߼ɵֵԭ
Ϊϣõ˽ıƷЦЦ˵ֻ˵컹ǴĻʳ죬ػǴĻʳĵأǣ˭죡
һԶӰɫ𽥱䣬ĿųƷ
֮
Ӱһȫƣ⣬Ϊ
֮ݻ˹⣬˫Ʊҫ۵Ĺâϣһħᦣħҡ֮䣬γɿֲĴƣųƷ
ڰУǹȻģؼޣʹ֮£ǵض
ѹ׵ֶΣƾһ֮ͺɨһ֧
ǣɽկᦣƷüͷһ壬ΪˣڵʵļֹһϹʱһλƳķ
֪ٴһԪ֮бʾԸΪʹ
һν£֪˶ǿУͬʱҲǺȺ
һħȻӦɽկᦣȻûа취ʹ˵еᲢۡ
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ᦣȻӹɣһɽկ棬ҺΣƷЦһ˫͵һ˺˿ĽⶼڷӿֻɫĴ֣һӳħᦵķ˺˳ȥ
˺ҵᦣôܣ
ӰŭһһѾƶɵǣȻܺʹ˵еһᲢۣҲǳܹȵ˵ġ
һ˲䣬ƷֻɫĴһӾ޾֮УֱӽЩ˺Ƭ
žֻһ޴˺ᦵ˺ˡ
ôܣӰû뵽ƷȻô£ֻ׾ٵľͽԼƵᦸ˺ˡ
һ˲䣬ƷѾɱӰǰֱָȭһȭ
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ڳƷγ˰ǿoӰѹȥ
Ӱŭŭ𣬲ϺֲȭӰҪƷİo顣
ǸûκôеĹ׾ٵĻ⡣
ҲеǧѾгһĳƷ˫ĲֱһĴ
ȫȫǳƷĶ֡
׾ٵ
أ
ӰµȭŤΣԭǿޱȵһ˲䱻Ťתһ󶴡
𣡡
Ӱҽ¶˱ı壬һǧɳľ޴
ؿڱֱӺһ󶴡
زﻹףǰ˾ԲܹǵǶ֡
ֻתܣܵˣһ˽âӳƷɨ˳
һͽӰľ޴ͷ­ն


2345 򲹰
¡
Ӱ޴ͷͬһСɽһڵǧɳ
ѪɺӣܿγһһѪ˸ԵĹԡ
ӰȻǳƷĶ֣ҲгɵĴڵѪҺѰ˵Ǵ֮
ƷĵûнӰߡ
ֱ˵ýʿǳ쿪ʼٶٽ⣡
ƷĻʱ·ľӪ֮дһ󻶺
ǰ벽ⰡѰ⣬ͨľʿ˵һڣ൱˰¡
ٶΪʳº̵ܶʱڣΪܱǡ
˵ͨľʿˣȳΪгɵˣҲܹΪں̵ܶʱڣﵽһ˵ĵز
̵ܶʱڳλǺġ
ȳʮ˷ܣкžеĽУʼ취ܿץϹˣҲûа취˵ʬֺ
ջǳƷԳ֣Ӱʬףһʱ䣬һƬЦ
ǧɵ⣬Ͽ̾ȫˣǾеĽʿеľҲֵһݣݲͬΪͳͳзݡ
ϾǳƷķأǾеĽʿ£еľҲ
кôȻҲٲǡ
һʱ䣬Ʒݵ飬¡
ʵϣǰƷϹս֮дչ飬Ѿ¶һƬ޴ĺ䶯
ǳƷûй˼ڵӣֱӴȥɱںüλ𣬿˵䶯һʱ
ڶ˵Ҫ÷Ϊ˸ۡ
ûȥ룬ΪʲôƷɱȥΪڵĵλԶڷ֮ϣԷɱƷ˿Ҳûʲô
οڻʧˣɱˣǾ͸û׷ıҪˡ
ֻǺƷħħ׷ɱǿ
һҲѰ򾳵ΪҲ۷壬εס벽ߵ׷ɱ
֮꣬ƷҲûг֣˶һλµľš
ʱ䣬ضң٣ܹĿǵĹ⻷ҲˣЩδɳδ𣬸û취˵Ĺע
ΨǿֲܹµĿ
Ʈ죬׷׻֮У˶ڵȴ߽ͬеǰ㣬ƽ
ĻʳĿ̫ǲ˴ŵʦЯֲɨƽ˴Ļʳ̫ƽ
Щδɳ֮УǱġ
һϹս֮ңʧ˹ĹŴ콾ټħ֣ʧĹŴ콾͸ˡ
ЩŴ콾Ѿ˵Ŀ㡣
һΣƷĻع飬˲ץס˵ߣն벽Ŀֲ֣һӱ˷˼⡣
ص֮⣬ܹ˷˵ҲЩ벽ĸ֡
ɳ֮۷ĴܣһСľͿһ֪ĹŴ콾𣬾Ͱɱˡ
ֻа벽Ŵ콾ʱﵽ˵򣬻һ
ڳƷǿƻع飬ˣǰ벽֮УЩҲοˡ
Ʒ̫ǿˣڵΪ϶ѾǧķΧ֮ڣп򲹰˰ɣ
˾ΪƷ˵ٶȶ𾪡
򲹰񣿡ԶǳڣƷŸѼĸϣǵһ֪ô򲹰Ĵڡ
򲹰񣬾˵ƳһŰ񵥣ЩѾԽѰ۷壬ǻδﵽİ벽гһ񵥣
ȳƸƷ˵
ү֪ΪŸոƳһŰ񵥣ǰûеģ
˵ǰ벽٣νǷëǣ඼ڿޣͻ
һͻӣͬʱܳΪӰȫ£صĴ
Щ벽Ͳ
Ī⣬ײβ£вڳ˵ǰ
۷ľѾ¾ˣľǡ
Ȼ´ңЩչӵİ벽ĸַ׷׳
ڼۿЩ͹Ŵ콾Ҳһɴ󳱡
һ򲹰Ҳ֮¯ˡ
ԽǿǰͻƳΪĿҲԽʵҲԽǿ
ԭˣô񵥣
Ʒ˵ͷ
ǲ֪Žڼ
Ʒ뵽Լɽͼ㲻ԼʵɵùЦ


2346 
ƷĻع飬ݵķƣڳƷ֮һɷƽϢ
Ͼҵ֮Уÿһ춼иָƽʱڱըԵŲϴ
ڷǿ໥ȥǣƵ£Ŵ콾ԽԽԾ
Ǿ˵ʺ͵̣ܴ˵ս
Ȼÿһ˶ͬƷ㣬նɱ벽ʱʱͿԴĳһӰ벽ѡ
ֻѣѾ𺳵սˡ
Ͼ벽Ȼֻǰ벽ȴҲż߱ĳЩͨ
ѰܹԿ˵ġ
Ѱ۷壬԰벽ʱһȫȫǶ֡
µʱ֮УһҲڱŮȫ˸һɶ
һʱ䣬еŮٵΪ׷״ҲԽһС硣
ĻֱԽһ󾳽硣
ȳƣڳƷָͰ֮£һֱӳؾ
Ȼֻͨؾԭ˵Ѿ֪ǿ˶ٱ
ܹһ֧±׾ٵͻϮˡ
ؾȻҲ˳µĳΪһУ²Ʒڷ֮ҲԻȨλȨء
УԽԽİ벽֪˾ȵķ֣ԭؼȻôİ벽Ϊ֪
Ʒûż֣ۻԼʵʵԼԶʵԭԶǰֻһ֧ľӣһֱڣƷϵѵϵļǿ𽥽ӽһľӣǼˣȻԶ
ħ˶ɳľȣʵ̫Զˡ
ħĴǾʮ꣬ϰ꣬ѵܹ֮ʦ
ƷŴԶõʱ䣬ԶʵԶԶȲħ徫񲿶ӣƷҲܹܵġ
ΪˣűҪ뷽跨ǳ·ĽսڻӰδĳɾͣǾͲڳƷĿǷΧ֮ˡ
ʵϣڵΪѾԶԶǱķΧ֮ˡ
ûгƷǸûпܴﵽʱյĵز
Ȼûʲôòģÿǰһ׬ˡ
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Ըȳƣ˵Զǣʲô飬Ҿͻ
Ʒݸȳһ
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ǵǰħ彫ԶŰΧסͬϹǣ޾ûһС
Ǳͬκ֮еһ齸ʯƾЩħεĹ򣬶ûа취ǡ
Ʒ˵ͷҲ֣Ҫ֪ǿ㾡˵ʱ͵̲ڽġ
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һ֧ħȻǿҪǣô򵥡
ڸԶԼ⣬ЩͬʱħĴƺǴһ벶ȸں
һֲϢЩ֮УҸ·ԮڲϵĸԽԽ࣬ԶԶȥΪˡ
ƷոǰţһɿֲϢĸойǾǱһĴ׷ɱʱ
ǸʱΪ̫ˣֱ治ǸĴ﾿ʲôΪ
ֻ֪ǸĴǿǳǿرǿ
ȴͬˣѾȥֱ棬Ѿܹжϳһ֡
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һֻƾճ֣ƺҪƷץ
ôĵӣڱǰأһ޴ޱȵһֻƾճ֣һʼͽħ֮еǸ˵Ĺޣħɢ
ţһӰԶһ¾Ѿ˳Ʒǰ
ʱƷſ˲ǱˣǴ̫ξ
͵ȣ̫ξû˿ı仯ֻ˫֮м̬
ȻҲΪ̫࣬һһûдϢĻᡣ
Ȼûʲô仯һӵģ̬Ҫƣ̫ˡ


2347 ƽ
̫ξ俴ŶӪеħ壬˵ɱ崫УǵÿҴӦǲӦ
˷׷׳ԾǴ̫ξĸ㲻̫Ϊʲô̫ξԳƷ˵ӣĴС
Ȼ̫ξô˵ˣҲôˡ
ħ֮һλ߼û˻ᣬɵһжԴ̫ξɵ֡
ȻͬΪǴ̫ξʵȴǿĿ¡
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ڰ֮֮УһͬЩźĿųƷ
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۷壬ߡ
ղǺܺõɱƷĻᣬϧûкúϧ
ʱ򣬳ƷѾŴ̫ξ뵽С
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ħΧôõǣǵĵ̶ûбƳ
ˣĻʳҲʮֵСĺ棬ΪЩħһȺħ˵ײг̶Ҳ˿
Ĵ㣬˶ףǴˣ벶ȸں
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ΪǵһֻҪһ֧ӣڻħ֮󣬿Եסķˡ
Ŵ̫ξе̫ξ˶ʮֺ棬֪˾ʲôͷ
Ȼô̫ξȥӭӡ
ʵΪƷʵ̫ˣ̵˻δü֮ǰѾɨ޵ˡ
඼Ƕ֮еϹŶı仯ûʲôо
֮кܶ˶ƷǺηʥ

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л̫ξˣ
Ʒ˹˵
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ⷴ˴̫ξĺ棬ƷرѾ֪ˡ
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ʵϣֻһ飬Ҫƽң
ƽңⲻҷ֮£㲻˵Ҳȥģ
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Щ֮ΪΪΪһҪץסնɱ
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ԶԶ
̫ξ˵
Ļûκ壬֪ҪԶһŵ֮УֿûκôģΪǵĵ̫ˣƽʱ滹ԣǵħƽľӵʱҪǧСġ
ƽеңЩôĻʳİ벽ͳͳնɱ̫ξ˵һڵѲ߿ΪǱһȺͬסˣȻ㿴ƽʱûʲôģֻҪһ뿪ϾͻᱻݣܹҲֻһˣ
ɱԽ࣬ʱҲԽ࣬Һǹ
̫ξ˵
˵ԼκͿԣǲɨ֮ΪķľӺ͸֡
ֻǶǣס߲һ߿صĵطϾͻӭ֮֡


2348 ôᾧ
˵ЩԵĵǣŶҲܶʱܹģҲЩ벽ˡ
Щ벽֮УʣƷΪǿĴڡ
նɱ벽ҲóƷΪʱ˼ϵĴڣȻҲͽ˴̫ξۡ
ҪͻƳΪҪĸԴʣֵģۣͲ֪Ҫ꣬ҴĻʳĶ̵֧֣ʱͿͻƵ
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Ʒ֪̫ξĺ⣬ʱ̫ξ̬ѾһУ͵ȫͬ˵ǰƷڴ̫ξЩ˵ֻѰѡ
ڣѾܹնɱ벽ĳƷʵѾΪһǱȼĺߡ
ȻʱƷֻǰ벽𣬵δǰ;пܳΪĴڡ
ΪˣԴ̫ξûֱһֽͽƷԽƽȵλƷ
ҾͿԸ㹻ĺôʮöҩԸԶʹãǵΪ̵ʱħľԿ
̫ξһ֣һǬУȻݸ˳Ʒ
Ʒһɨʱ֪ˣȻʮöҩȻĿǰ˵ûʲôôͨԶʿ˵ȴǷǳõġ
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νʵҲ̫ξǲУܲԤ֧һЩʡԸ˵ĵˣǲǣƷһЦ˵Լ̬ŵĺܵͣͻʵֻǴ̫ξĺ󱲣ȻҲûʲôö˵ġ
㰡ǡͷĺܣ̫ξЦԭͺܿóƷȻҲἸȣʱƷеˣӣҲֻǹЦ
һöᾧ㣬ֻзʸֲܹ۳ķᾧ˷ᾧҪѶҲĽͣ
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Ͼ˶ʸΪǿߵġ
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ұǿ˵ģû뵽ôĹŴ֮Уȴȳͷˣ
̫ξп˵
ȻѾ۷壬֮УǵΪӰ쵱ҪһʱĳɳܹͻƵ벽Ǹңңˣ
̫ξغ;Ѿ˳֮ǹŴ콾ͻˣҲ԰
ַƮҡĶ֮УʵԽǿԽãÿһǿߣܹһݵ̡
˵һǰδеĺûᣬΪҲᲢۣԻʳҲὫеԴעϣп̵ʱͻƵˣ¾ûôˣ
̫ξĻóƷ˵ͷȷʵ˵ǰδеĺûᣬȻǹͷľַش֮
ͬģΪͷҲеĺôԴǵضΨˣп̵ʱͻƳΪ
ײΰ룡
ܹͻữΪĵ̣׵׵Ľͬ˳Խ
ţ飬Ҹ˵ʲô㶼ףʣµͿԼˣ߰ɣϣʱ̫ξֱӰ˰֡
ȸˣ


2349 ն
Ʒ˴̫ξ֮ϾͷԶǡ
һμ̫ξʵ˲ٵĺôǷᾧۻǮ򲻵ĺö
ƽҲײóȻĻô벽ĸҲǶͻƳΪ
⶯ҵ֮УҪĻʳĻʳҲҪǿߣԲŻὫᾧʹ
ܴ̫ξôģǺʣĻ߾ǳƷˡ
ƷոշصԶǣ㿴һӰԶǵϷ˳Ʒʱ򣬶ʱǰһֱ˳Ʒǰ
ǸƷɣ
ʱһӰ˵
Ʒˣһħһͷ˳ڿ˳Ʒ֮ƺûбҪˡ
Ǹ࣬ȴħĹ
ԭһˣ֮Уܵѹģڸ֮жУϾħݵϵȫ¡
ħ֣һһӾͻԾ
д󲿷ֶͶħ壬ЩħоͶ֮
˵ƽʱų⣬ںòлᣬȻҪһᱨ
ҾǳƷ
Ʒ˵
ܺãɱ㣬̫ſɱߣ㾡µˮҲûа취ϴɾ
Ӱ¶˱ģ˵
һߣ׷ͯգֻһϮ£ħ죬Ϊֲ
Ϊ壬Ͷħ壬ɱΪݵȴͶħ磬ɱƷɱضӦͬһըһ
Ķ棬Ǹɫû˿ĶݣħޱͲںЩ
˵úãҵƽʱݱӣû˽ǵͳݵʿȴָͶħ壿ǵѵǲħô׷ͯյ߹Ц˵
˵Ҳ״еĶǾħܹӦݵĻݾУЩ˸Ͷħߡ
ʵϣҲûܶħħȷʵħߡ
ֻƽʱһһĴȥһֱħ֣ЩӲŻ׷ױ
ϻ˵ɣҲɣ
ƷһЦ˵
ɱң˻ûأ
Ǹ߹Цȫħʵʻݻ˳һ˲ͻһħ
֮ǰƷնɱħħ˵ߵʵҪǿ̫ˣȻѾ۳˰ǧķȫȫԽѰİ벽
ӦѾǸ򲹰һʱͻƵֲΡ
ͳƷվʲô
Ѿɹһ˴֮Ĳͬһ㣬ɳԽ
ƷһȻֱӳߵħ֮С
һ֣ɲǼ䣬ħ˿ռ䣬ݻΪħĹȡ
ţħ֮УһϵħӰħӰ˿ֲĹһӳųƷɱȥ
ƷֱһȻָȭһȭ˳ȥ
䣡
ֲײһӾͷˣƷһȭһħ֮лħӰķ飬ϵħӰκβóƷ
ɢ
óƷһ
һħӰɢ֮Ŀ磬ƷҲɽͬһһ
ʲôôôǸ߷ӦƷѾ嵽ǰ
ȻһȭǸߡ
߱лЩȻû뵽ԼԳƷʱ򣬾Ȼ˵Ĳһ
־ͱһȭС
ۣ
һѪ˳˱˳ȥһӾͱήô꣬ͷһĹ
ҲֱͨӳˣıһӺɳȥ
ʲô߿ƷһӺ嵽Լǰһ޴ޱȵҩȻ˦˹ȥ
أ
һ·һǸ߱һӺɳȥûֱ
ûбֱҲоĹͷҪɢˣûһͷġ
Ʒû˿ͣһ׷ȥ߽Ȫ̤ȸָѧͨ
Ǹ߱κɣʲôֶڳƷǰûκôҲûκ塣
ȫȫ
Ҳİⲻܣ
ŭգѾ򲹰ϵô˲һ
¼䶼ӦǾŶԡ
ͣ
һֲľ޽εĶ˵ϡ


2350 һ꣬
ߣԶ
ƷĻ£һ򲹵ǿڵΪۡ
һһ벽ĸ֣ƽǿᵽĵز֮⣬ûеֵĴڡ
һ˳Ʒϣ͹ԳĿֲ
ĵ콾֮УӦǾĴˣ˸п˵
Ȼ֪Ǵû뵽ʱ䶼ˣ
һԶİ벽˵
һʱ䣬¶·𱻳Ʒľս𾪡
ħ壬壬壬а벽ϣƺֻҪǰûһա
¾벽ߣձضڰ벽ߵϣ
в֪İ벽ŭ
ƺΪƷĴڴ֮һЭĬ
һϢ漴˳ڰ벽֮УƺҲĬ໥ǣƣûпչǵʱǿԾռ̣ӶԴͻơ
ϾǶѾ¾Ҳֻһ֮ңǵȻԸ⡣
ԭǱЩѹţҪзҸܡ
һȴͬǧѷĻᣬҲܹͻƳΪĻᡣ
Щ׷׳֣ҳȺħľĸԭ
һ벽ҪͻƳΪҪԴ֣ҪΪ˵츳ͻԵ
Щȱģÿһ˶ֻҪۻȻȻĳΪǿߡ
ģһǰδе
ǺгǿҪҪֳ飬ټЩ͹Ŵ콾еٮٮۿҲҪߵˣʱΪԴһδ޾ɱ¾ˣ
˶ѾеˣǵЩֵѾǳټЩŴ콾Ƿ׷׳ɳ¿Ҫķֱ
һǰδеǿ˵ǻƽʢͨ˵һĩ
ʱ򣬳Ʒַһԡ
ħ壬壬壬壬壬壬а벽ߵҳңͳͳҪ
һʱ䣬¼䳹׻ȻƷǽԼ׵׵ƵЩ벽ǵĶϣ³˼ڴĻʳİ벽֮⣬ƷҪԼƵȫµĶ档
Ƿôֻò˼飬ʵǿ˿δ϶ܹΪڣһôˣֻҲһ
ǷҲΪƷĻ׻Ȼ
ʦڸʲôѵΪôʸҲƷľֱʸŴˡ
Ҫȥﷲ磡
ڵõϢ֮󣬵һʱ뿪˷ڣǰԶǡ
ͬʱͳƷйصĽ񣬻ȸޣ˶׷׸Զǡ
һʱ䣬ССԶУȻƼʮλ
ŶȻһӷ֣ԭڿʮλݿǰʢǵؼʱ򣬲ڿ
ЩǺͳƷйصģƷڵһ£ǺͷڵһµģһƷھѣֻϾͻھѡ
ڷڵֻлʸƶѡ
ʱ俴Ѿ˵׵ĿɱˣȻʵϲǳƷðˡ
ڷ֮󣬳Ʒܿӭ˳ŵˣʮλļ룬һԶǵʵļΪ¡
ЩɲǰˣͷʵʵϣǶѾ׷״ﵽǧ۷塣
Ե㹻Ļƹ벽ֱӳ֮Ҳûпܡ
۷嵽֮䣬ǷǵҪȴﵽ벽֮󣬲ܹͻƵ
ֱƹȥﵽҲеǣֻǺ˷֣Ҫֱӳȥʵ̫̫ˡ
˰벽ĵ
ڣŵˣ˵пֱӳġ
Щֵļ룬ƷԶһӾ˺ܶ࣬ǳƷ̫ξµĵҩָԶͨʿ֮Զʵһ˵ʵ
ƷڵȴȴԶʵޣԶûһʵ֮ǰƷѡ˰
ֻÿղϵĽȻޣʱ䣬ȥһʱ䡣
ƷУԶȥһζûй
ԭ˶ڹŷ׳־ĳƷʲôĶ
ȻʱƣƷĻѾΪЦƷĻ˿ǲֺֻôĻʳĸ߲ѡ
ʵûܹԿ¼еİ벽


2351 ɱԭ
£ƷĹעɢȥ˵УƷҲһѰ벽ľͷ
Ҳر
һգԶԶľӪУУ֮ϣʮĴں֮УӰҪƯڸ߿֮Уܹվ¡
һ֧ȫµԶһͿޣһ֧Ѿ̥ǵı仯ȫѾλձ鶼ѾﵽλǴλ
ΪĴ֮лǵʮּĸֶɾʱγɵĿ¾ԺɨһеǿС
ƷǰЩˣĵ˵ͷЩѪȻҪĻǴ̫ξµʮĵҩ˵ЩҩڽЩԭЩƽӹľʿ˵ĳ̶ȡ
һ֧Զ뵱κһ֧ȣ˵˿սʤ֮
Σ
Ʒһһʱ䣬һ֧Ρ
һɿֲƣĽ紦֮ϣһӾע⡣
ǸȻѾ𽥽ԼĿתˣȴǰ̽
Щ̽ӵһʱͽԶεϢ˳ȥ
Ȼ˶ΪƷһʱ֮ûжΪЦȴû˸С˳Ʒ
Ͼնɱ򲹰ϵĿֲڵļһ
һ֧ոճϾͳűĺķȥ
ʱһ֧Űһſֲ޵ıĸ֮Űš
ĻʳľӸû취ЩΪĲӶڱ߾ߡ
˹ģľ񲿶ӣǱ߾ϵľ񲿶Ҳûа취¡
Ĳӣĸ֮Укܶࡣ
ƺ嶼ѾĬҪȸһ
ǵǻŰʱһ֧Ǹӿ£ǿѾǵǰ
ݣ
ݣ
ݣ
ǵγɿµĻǵصĻһУһ֧˹ģĺӦ˺ʮԶŭļ֮С
һʱУûһζƷЦԶҲž޴ѹ
ƫƫǲĳΪͷڹֻ꣬ŬץʱԼ
ƫƫȴû⣬ڣڿԽԵŭȥ
ֻһ䣬һ֧˹ģĺѾǵ괩͸׷ը鿪
Ʒޱ飬ڴ֮УֻĿǰһУӦһ֧һ֧ĺӡ
Զʼ˺ɨǧ֮á
ЩĺﵽӣΪûע⵽ֲڽ١
ʮʱ䣬͸ĸصľӣѾͳͳնɱһգ˵Ϣܿʹ£һʱ»Ȼ
ϻվϻһҲϻ
˸п˵
Ʒľ˱֣˶òϣһʱ֮УƷǳΪͷڹ꣬ĥĻ
νĥ󿳲񹤡
͵˶ΪƷڱ߾ͣ½Ųʱȴû뵽ƷȻʮããԭ֮С
ʮԶ¼ûʲôˡ
Щ￴ʮǿ󣬵һ䶼ֵסͷ׷׻Ϊ˷ɻҡ
أ
ԭսĺŽǳĲԭ￪ʼۼ
ƷԶнٶȺε֮죬ǰʱ䣬Ѿ˲ԭ
ﾫ񱻴Ļʳ߾ľסˣûа취һʱԮ
ˣ֮СںСʱͿʼΪսʿѵ㲻ǾӣҲ׾ٵϰĴ赲˳Ʒǰ
һսעѪɺӣʬǳɽҪЩҰĺ֪ŭ³ѪծѪ
ѪծѪ
ѪծѪ
ѪծѪ
ԶʮʱǼ̫ıˣŰɱ¾ͬ
ڣֵֻعʱˡ
һսҲΪһ֮ս
һ춯صĴսʼˣһٶľǵڲԭ֮ϣͬƬڵһ㣬գһС
һƬžǳֿµɱ֮Ҳ
ͬһƬһ
ɱ
ƷһʮԶڳţ˵Ĵ֮£·ٵ£ȴǷ˽
ƷʱҲڶоλ֮һӷӶ䡣
Ϸ
Ȫ̤
Ʒһһֻż̤ȥ·ܹһ㣬޾ĻȪˮûһС
¡
ضھҵĶﱻƷһžͻˣֱӲҽŻΪѪꡣ


2352 
˫Ĵսһ˲䱬ˣ
Ʒĳ֣״ֵľ档
ԭ֮ϣǾӴǧ
Ѿ̫̫ûдĻʳľܹɨλˡ
ǲϵܣĻʳı߾ҲѾԷΪڣڱ˴˸֮С
ͼ赲ԶͻϮһжͽ͵ģԾԵʵԣԶǵ֮ŵǰĴڡ
͸ΪĽ֣Ҳ˿
ڲԭϰһյսſµĹ
ԶУһսֳͬزѾСС֣Ⱥ֮ĵ̵ײ
ˣЩյսҲں̵ܶʱڱ򱬣ûоָս϶Ƿ˴Ļʳս
มսͺŶѾˣͺսݵĶ֡
һɱԶºܿͽһ֧ԭϾɱ˸Դ
ϰľ֮УҲûи֣һһ򾳸ֳżΪµսڿն
ֵˣ
ʱ򣬳ŴдЦŷ˳
ָӾĸֽУ᳤ֱͬһ˽ֱӳϰ֮УЩ򾳵ĸֽս
Щ򾳵ĸ̣׷ױвһնɱ
˷·һڷıǰģͳͳ
һжֵסЩ򾳸־ͱвһɱ⡣
Ʒ˫ֱ磬ûֹŵж
һбȻģŵʵһʱ֮Уָ֮£۷һͻƵ˰벽
ȻֻǶһǧ򣬴ﵽǧ򣬵ѾǳԽ򾳣Ѿһķ
벽ʵȻЩܹͨ˵ģÿ˶ǳƷҲÿ˶ܹӵʵ
ǻȸޣн񣬻ˣ׷׻ԭΣչɱ¾
Щ˵ʶȳҪʱҲѾ׷׳Ϊ˰벽
΢һҲѾԽǧļޣǧٵһʵһǿᡣ
Ȼǰ벽֮е׵һȺˡ
ǰ벽ǰ벽ܹ˵ġ
ûãͱɱϹ࣬ǾӵľʵǸֵľʵԶ涼ȫȫѹ
ɱ
ԶŭǸһҪ赲ǰǿС
Щԭ֮кս׷״򱬣żͺţʵǿһ֡
Ҳܹ赲סԶĽŲƷԳЩǿͺս
ʱһͬɽһӴδԶ˹
ϸһһͷµĹǣһͷξ޴ͬ޴ɽ֮䣬ǧ׸ߡ
ƶˣΪ¡
һͷǵͷżΪµϢ
ˣ
׷׺·ҵĹޣԭܵƣҲһȶסˡ
Ʒ俴һͷǣӦþǲԭ֮Ϊµͼ֮һ
ԭԭһ֧ȴа񣬲ŷֻΪ˺塣
ЩаһĲػͼڡ
ȻһͷǾһͼڡ
Щͼ˺ܾúܾãǧܹ꣬꣬һܳܳʱ䡣
һͷϵϢڸգ˼Ϊµİ벽ߵʵ
ǧǧǧǧһֱͻƵ˾ǧֹͣ
һͷİ벽
ѾҪľ磬ǲԭΪϵͼ֮һ
ǰĳżϾ͸ܵһɿֲϢ
ǰ벽ĸ֣Ҳܹ֪һͷǵĿ£Զ֮ϡ
𣡡
һͷŭһ޴Ĳԭ֪˶ٿ飬Ŀ³һڳϺȻ͵ػһµĵâݺݵĳųŵķնȥ
ѵһôŴһ֮ÿһϸŽâͷϻһھ޽һڳԡ
¡
˫µĹںݺݵײһ𣬿µ˺飬һС
ȵֵסȻҲǰ벽ǽֻǧİ벽
һͷǣѾ˾ǧĿֲڣĴڣһͻƳΪҲһ㲻ֵ֡
ۣ
һѪ˳˲䵹˳ȥһӾͱһͷǸش


2353 ɱ
ںһͷսʱ򣬳ųһ
ϣɱһͷǣϳ
ʱ򣬽һƷʱãҲȾ˳ƷһЩϰߣ֪ʲôл
һʱ䣬ȸЩˮ֮ǰԹһ֮󣬸Ƕڰ벽ⴹߡ
ֻƽʱĻѡ
пһᣡ
֪һͷʵǳˣȴҲԸĻᡣ
Щַ׷״һȻʮ˾Ȼһͷǳ˹ȥ
һͷǿʮ벽Ȼ̬ż̰ĳɱ˹
ûбŵתܡ
ƽܹһ벽ߵĳ־ѾǳˣһʮʵԶЩ벽֮ϣǻǻɵ֡
⵽ʲô
ѵǰ벽ô
ǿͣһͷǿˣ⵽ʲô
ôôİ벽ߡ
ϾѾˣžǰʱ䣬֮мصЩŴ콾
ҲΨǣܹô£Ϊ벽Ĵڡ
ֻǰ鱨˵£Ҳǰڲſͻơ
˭뵽Źȥ˶ʱ䣬ؼȻͶôѾΪ벽Ķ֡
һȺں֮ڣ
ܿ죬һͷǾָֻưѹҲûнƷ˷
ȻĶеţں֮ھں֮ڡ
ܿ죬Ǿͺʮµ˼£Ҫײһ
䣡
ʵһʼռϷ磬ҲֻռϷˣΪʵǿ󣬵Ƕࡣ
һʱ䣬Ȼγ˹ƽ⡣
һʱ䣬ǲԭԶʮһȻʧɫ
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Ǳ˵ɵе﷢ŵģ·ʲôˣǱһʳһ
֪ΪʲôĸоԼֱ
ʮ˴ѷ֣
ָĿֲ춼˸Դ
ʵֲ̫ˣǰ벽ô
ҲǱԶǸų򲹰ϵĴڣѹĶ֡
֮ӲпսҲһӱˣԶɱ񣬶ԭҲΪղŹǵĳ֣һӹ˾񣬾ȻغԶ⡣
Ƕڵȴȴսʤȴǵ񽫶ЩСͳͳɱ⣡
û˸ݴԸصزǼˣҲһҪϲݼ̤
ʱһͷǱЩĸֻ֣䶢˳š
ܹ֪ԶǿϢϡ
ֻҪסһЩʱ䣬ܹЩɶʬˡ
Ʒһվһ䣬Ȼֱӳ嵽˹ǵǰ
¹ʵ죬ƷǰƾȻӱѹסˡ
һͷǼһ⣬оá
𣡡
һͷǵķӦ죬ſѪڣȻһųƷϯȥ
ڵȳƷӦȻһ׷ɱ
ķνԲˬԾǿʵȶԷâҪ뿪ֱ֮У֮С
Ȼû뵽һĻˣȴƷֱһץ˳ȥǰһֲ顣
ųƷֱһƺ˳ȥ
أ
һĵͬСɽһӴĹǵϡ
¡
ǲҽŵ˳ȥȻûа취ֵסƷһƣ֪һжôľˡ
һͷ໷ϣһ֧Ԯܹ㵽
ǳƷѾ뷨ֻĿһͷǡ
һ˲䣬ƷѾˣֱӳŹǷȥȻһȭ͵ؽһͷǺ˷
һĻ·ضھҵĲһͷǲҽһ򦶼ƷһȭУΪһƬǡ
һͷѾ˾ǧĿֲͼԼסƷûа취Լ֡
˭뵽ոͷ˳ͱƷֱһָֻ˺Ƭܸ˿ı
ƷĹϵ£Ƭ֮䣬ͽһͷǴһϢ
ǱʵǶڴ⣬ԶԶȲƷ
ڳƷǰֱǰһ׾ٵĻܣ׶ٵĺɱ
¡
һ˲䣬һͷǱƷһȭԴ


2354 ̣Ͽɺ
һͷ˳Ʒν˿һƷ׾ٵĵ
ǳƷĶ֡
ʵǳǿ󣬼ڰ벽֮УҲǷǳʵǳǿģƫƫ˳Ʒһĳ
Ѫڷɽʬ׹䣬ԿΪҵս
ڳƷնɱ˹֮ԭʹһֱ״̬
˵ǾѾˣֻǹĴǿǵģڣһĻûлָͱƷɱɢˡ
ڳƷľʵǰûκ塣
סǣЩһ
Ĵֶܸǵ˫ͨ죬ŭ
кܶ඼ɰ˰޵̬Ǻı̬ںѪӡ
ǳƷ̫ǿˣټϳŵһѵİ벽Ĵڣһ֮ͽԭɢ
Ǹûа취ֵסôһֲ֧ľ
Ʒÿһγ֣ܹնɱһ򾳵ĸ֣кܶ඼۷塣
ƷֱǽһĴڣ֮ûֵܹң׾ٵնɱ
Щԭڳױˣڲԭ֮ĴȫȫɱһȺں֮ڣԶβ׷ɱ
ԶľʿֻҪϵ䣬ͿɱĲԭ
Ʒں󷽣һ֮ϵļһһͬһ㾪˵Ŀֲʸɨ񷣬ҲһС

Ʒȣԭһһεıֻ޵ȣ˶ڷӴܡ
ֻһͷ۱ôֻҪܵıȱ˿죬ͲϱԶɱˡ
뷨ԭˡ
󵨣
ڲԭпֲĴڱ˾˵Ϣ
Զβ׷ɱƬ̾׷ɱ˳ǧٶȾ˲ԭĶĳһЩڡ
һɿֲĲһԭ
˵ע˹ȥа벽߳ˡ
ұղһͷҪֲĶˡ
ߣҵǰװŪ
ƷЦһֱһɴӡȥֽĳһѪ
ԭ֮ϣѪɺӣʬǳɽ
Ȳݶ
ʱһӰһֲߣƤ
ȻͲСϵϢȴǼΪֲ˫Ķס˳Ʒ
Ĺˣ¾ĲԭǵҪѪծѪ߻ڡ
ϿɺϿɺ
ϳˣǲԭ֮һϿɺ
Ĵ֮УϿɺѾˣѾˣȴû뵽ԭھΣ֮УϿɺð˳
Ͽɺոճ֣ʹԶǰ档
һ·ֱײԶһͣһֲΪȿ¡
û˸ɱԭ֮кΪͷһϿɺ˵֮ޱȵı䣬ԭ廹ͷһγôĿ
´ݹȣĻʳڷĵλ߾ߡ
˭֪˳Ʒֹ̥ͲʲôǱֱɱ˲ԭ֮УȻ˾˵ʵ
ȵǣ´ݹȣ浱岻ŭôƷ˵ڿʲôҪʲôĴۣ
̫Цˣ󱲣ΪǿǺôǺĵ̣ģϿɺĶ˳Ʒ̬֮ޱȵš
һ֣Щԭǰ
ȥɣʣµľͽˣ
Ͽɺ˰֣ϣϢڲϵһѾΪһ޵еİ벽ߡ
Ʒһ۾ͿˣϿɺԪѾʣµĲֻڹӲˡ
ÿһεĳ֣ǱƵ˽ǳƷѾʱɱ˲ݴ֮С
ֻϿɺĳطϢ
֪ΪϿɺѾˡ
ʲộͳͳҪ˾Ʒ˵ҪΪǵΪۣѵͬϿǣǱ𣡡
ɱ
ƷߺһʱԶ¶źɱ
Ͽɺɫһ䣬ޱȵѿ
ȻҪҾͳȫ㣡
Ͽɺ˵أɲǼ䣬ֱӳһصն
˫趯֮䣬û˿裬⻹ǵʱ
ֲƷĺ
ɱ
Ͽɺһȣζնһ֮ɱǧĿֲơ
񷶼һ˲չųƷ


2355 նϿɺ
Ͽɺ˲䷢˽Ϊ֪ƷԵȣȴȲԽӣԽ
Ͼ˶Ѿˣ͵۷״̬ȣûа취Ტۡ
־սڳƷ˵ôʵ̫ˣѡҲˣΨսپпܻ˳ƷóƷŰ
һ̣Ʒȫ¶ɢŵĽ⣬ׯϣһһ
䣡
һ˲䣬ƷӿתԻĿֲ֮
֮κָһлΪޣϿɺĹ䵽֮УһӾʧӰ١
ƷվŲǿͿϿɺᲢۡ
ɱ
ɱ
ɱ
˿һĻԶ¸һƬڡ
֮Եǣԭǳ׵ľˡ
ʵǵ񣬽ǵӦǵǿϿɺҲڳƷǰֵķǳ
һ˲䣬ƷһӶˡ
ˢ
Ʒٶ̫ˣɲǼ䣬Ѿʧ˵ǰһ˲䣬ѾϿɺǰֲ֮֮ϷڣȻһ˳ȥ
أ
һֱӶϿɺֱӺϿɺϡ
һ˲䣬ϿɺֱӺУһѪƶߵķһ˲䱻ˡ
ȷʵϿɺʵҪǿ̫ˣѾǻʵͻƵ˾ǧĿֲڡ
򲹰ϣŽǰʮ
ǳƷ̫ǿˣûκʤ㡣
Ͽɺɳȥ˶ڿѪ֮˸ź˵Ĺâ
ҵģͳͳҪԭǵѪ׼аΨǲϴǵ
ϿɺţʱԶΧĲԭ֮ϣһ޴ķγɣһɿֲϢ𽥵γɡ
Ѫ⣬ʵγѪ£һֲĴڻĳ֡
ǶҪ
Ͽɺغ
Ǻĵ֮һڲԭ֮ɱǼǵطᱻѪĳһһ֪а
ʱ򣬾Ҫ붯аˣ
Ʒ֮ϣ͵һӶһֻ޴۾
һֻ޴۾飬·࣬ڿһ
һ˲䣬һֻ޴۾֮УһֱֲŸ߸ϵĳƷ˹ȥ
ʱ򣬳Ʒ֮УɽӶһӷС

һ޴ĽһǿֲѪɫֱӺ䵽ɽӶϣȴ·һʧӰ١
ԭֵƣ
ƷѾܳһֻ۾ֻ±˵Ҳ˶١
Ŷһĳ̶ȣǻûгΪĸ֡
Ӧĳһ־ˣֻǸոձѣʵдߣβܵĻò˶ãͻὫʵ
ҲǺ֮һֹõֶΣǼаҲааԻر
½ġ
࣬ɣϿɺЦͬʱڲϵתҪˡ
һ˲䣬ƷѾϿɺǰ
Ͽɺ־ŭû뵽ƷȻûаճ·ûеʰǸа־
ѡȶԸ
ʱ־ŭ
ɱ㣬ȥԸһֻ۾ƷĿ˵
Ʒٶ̫ˣеһһڳն˹ȥ
ͣ
նϿɺĲϿɺҽһԴɳȥѪ˳Ͽɺֱӱһͷʬ塣
ǱɳȥԴ֮лźͲģԼȻӰһĺС
ˣ̫ˣ
Ʒܹ֪뷨뷨϶᲻ҹͬûдҲûκʤ㡣
Ʒʵȫѹ֮ϣܹġ
СĻǲСģܸıĽ
ƷתϿɺʬ֮УΪϡ
һ𼫶ǿİ벽ϣΪǰϡ
漴Ʒ֮ϣѾһֻ޴۾
һֻ۾֮͸¶żΪаϢǿֲаϢԶ¶о˼Ȳ
׷˹ڿԿһֻ۾֮͸аϢ
䣡
һ˲䣬һֻ޴۾ٶգգ۾һɿֲϢǵصĵǹꪣ½
óƷǣЩ֮Ȼ֮һּΪаϢѰ˱Уֻһ¾Ҫ


2356 ɨԭ˳
һµа־һ˲ͳͳ䵽˳Ʒϡ
¡¡
ֲСĢڶ𣬵Ǿһ񳱼˷Զкʱ
ֻһֻ󶦴Щ񳱸ߡ
ûжԶһǰв
ԶһƬڻУһӰŴ󶦳һֻа۾
ųƷ𣬸аųƷ
Щ֮Ѱ֮ѪԹ۶ɵġ
ÿһǻ͸꣬ʴһ˵꣬Ϊµĵط
ÿһ䵽ƷϣĻϣһݡ
һİ벽Ѿͷ
ǳƷסˣ
а־ѹˣ
Ʒһһеɽͼ͵һӷ˳ȥԽԽɲǼ仯ɽѹ˹ȥ
һа۾УѪɫ飬ų˳
Ҫʴɽͼ
һ˲䣬ɽͼɢһֲֿѹλѹǧɣЩѪɫڴЩһ˲䣬׷׻Ϊޡ
֮ͬһ
ɽͼϱĻ֮ȣа־ݻѪɫһ
һ˲䣬ɽͼֱӾ˳ȥһа־˽ȥ
һа־֮бһң
Ǹûκôɽͼ֮ݻɽסһа־
ߣƷһһа־Ȼǿ󣬻һİ벽޷⣬һҲδܹκεһа־
ƷײֳͬɽͼǵʵȻʲóսǵһߣҪѹһа־Ƿǳ򵥵ġ
ƷֻҪܹӳԽһ־ѹסͬһǿ߶Ҫ̫̫ˡ
а־ܽȾ˵־ĻǾ͸ûκô
а־Ʒѹ֮󣬲ԭǳɥʧһ˿Է̵Ŀԡ
ڲԭǱӴܡ
Զ֮ɨԭ𵴣
ƷԶжҲ˼ĺ䶯岢ûɨԪɨЩžԽԽѾ𽥵תΪء
οħֵ£弸ҪħѾǳˣЩƶǾ͡
ǳƷĴȴǴƣ·Ͳںڱֵƽ⡣
ʱ˶֮ǰ˵ĻеֵˣԵĿꡣ
ûһ⡣
Ͼ˶ôʾɱԭ֮еģ
˿ƷôûκλʤĿԡ
ʱƣԽԽʤϢӲԭд˳
Ʒһ·ɨϢҲΪ֮ڡ
һеóֵǿߵ䣬һϺñ߽ʹ顣
ڲԭ˵Ϻ죬ǶڴĻʳ߾ľ˵Ǿһɱ˵ħ
֪Ϊħ˵ЩҲûкõĶȥ
֮ǰѾ˽Ҳˡ
û뵽ڻû˳ƷУʹ飬޲øƷϳλ
ѾһѪ˵Ʒָ·һ㣬ǰ·
˷ӵԶǣҪԶ
ʱƷѾ׽ͬЩŴ콾˦ʲôһ֦㡣
һ֦㡣
ʲô𣬶ûа취Ტۡ
Щ𲻾߱ƷʵɱҲ졣
ҲѧƷɱԭֻϾͻᱻԭĵ̷˸ɸɾ
ǰ벽¾һ·һ
ЩܱߵܹĻʳôûбˮж;ÿ¡
Ļܻе
˵ǵ˵֮ûӹɵġ
ϾĻʳֹ֮һܹĻʳôĺ֮ôû
Ʒ룬ôĽֻȫû
ںܿ죬ϢƷþգʾأڻ·ϼ֧Ҫĺ徫֮˳˴Ļʳ֮С
һսնɱ·оռ֮һնɱ岿ܹǧһǧˣԪˡ
ԭ֧ĻʳľӴʱŸոյõϢ׷׷أǶϳƷֻڱ߹ŭĴ


2357 ԭа
Ʒһս
ǵƷնϺа־Ϣ֮󣬸ȺȻ
˵ԭƷնɱЩȻвٶ򲹰ϵĴڣǶȽϿġ
ϺͬһΪɲ⣬Ȼϣȴۡ
һʵ򲹰Ͽ¶ǳǰеģǰпܡ
Ȼʵǿȴ˳ƷĽ¡
ԾԵʵնɱ
Ϣںܶ˵
죬Ҫˣ
˸оһµĳ
Ʒٶ̫ˣͬĸ֣ۼ꾫ĹŴ콾ǶһԽΪһһˡ
Щ˿ƷѾ֮µһˡ
֮⣬¸ûκε֡
Ƿ¸һƬڣƷʵԽǿҲԽǸˡ
֮УûǷƽʱΪĵҲֻǷƮҡ
ʱµĶ֮лΪޡ
ƽʱδôĸоǵǲףֺ֮Ĳ྿жôĴ
ļ֮Ҳ̩ɽħΧܿͱɢħҲҹΧ
ڣǷҲҪһˣƷôᣬǷںܶ꣬ӷδǧƽ
ƷδͻƵڷµȴѾעܹΪˡ
ƷԶ£ȳƵ˸ЩͶѪ꣬п޳ȥʣµսԶ֮ڡ
ȻԶʵʱ˷츲صı仯ǿ˺ܶ࣬Ǳĵ̫ˣ͸ŵ־Ӣӱʵв࣬δǰϸǲͬն
ЩѪļ룬ԼֲԶھϵĲࡣ
漴Ʒͷ˷֮ڣ˾ͽ
ʱ䣬νǷ˺ô飡
˾ͽųƷҲмָп
ǵóƷոûʱĳƺҲûжǰ
ʵϣȷʵҲûжǰ
Ʒһٶ𣬳׳ԽΪڵĵһ֡
ʵϣҲǳƷȤĻΪҪΪڵ練Ƶ顣
Ⲣ½Ʒϵ䣬һĵӵУǿȶųƷҲΪ
ɨƽһЩѣƷһЦϣδһܹɨƽԭǼνа𣡡
˾ͽҲǵһ֪Ʒе뷨ɵôһ
ʵϣѾкܾû뷨ˡ
屾ǴѳȥǱߵ壬ϴŷа񣬽ݻڵĺ塣
ʵϣڣÿȻкܶ˱ߣϴԳΪ塣
˿˵ͺ˵ĸ֮
ڴĻʳոսʱ򣬴̫ʮĿɽʦ緢ɱ˲ԭ֮УȻȴҰܶ飬ڲԭ˲ԭ˵еа
ԵĻʳĹ޷а񣬷а׷ɱһǧ
һֱ˴Ļʳڣƾ˽סǼа
ʱƣϻҺʮͬʶĨ֪ѾˣΪڵȴ֪ġ
ͬʱҲ֪ǼажôĿ¡
ĻʳʱʮҲֻĨɱһа񣬷ش
ڵĿɽʦڣڵȵļɽʦͳͳһս֮ˣ֮󣬲Ͳ
һЩ͹ˡ
ҲΪʲôڵ֮Ҳûгĸ֣ڵȴ
ԭʵ಻ʮҲָ˲ͬĲΡ
˵ǼаһִٳĻʳʮĸ֡
˾ͽ֪ĸ࣬ԭĻʳ֮лֻʮиǸңǵʦ˲ԭ֮С
֮˥䣬඼Ѿʧʷ֮С
ΪˣŶԳƷ׳־е𾪡
вɲ֮Ǽаʵǳ£¾Ƕ֣
˾ͽæȰ
ԳƷչֳʵδлɨƽа񣬵ǾԲڡ
ھǰһҲûκʤ㡣
ףҲ֮ģƷ˵ͷûбʤͷԣҲƴõ³
δһ죬ҪɱԭǼа


2358 Զ
ԭǼажǿ֪ûдﵽʵľ磬룬ҲԶԶѰߵġ
ڷ֮еĵ伮ûмشĻЩаǴϹĩڵġ
ڳƷӵеĵʵļ֮УûпЩνаݺµǸʱ֮УЩаǸֵһĴڡ
ҲǣʱЩаôлᷢչء
һ߶ԽЩаɱǧٴΡ
κһ޵µǿڡ
м䲻֪߶ѾЩаȴֵͨط
оѪǿаЩ¼ͨжܣǵ˳Ʒεĸ˵ȴʲôܡ
̫аÿ궼֪ҪѪŹǴ
Ժ֮սûֹͣΪҪӴĻʳӵ㹻˿ڽѪ
ԶԶֻʳͲƸȱˡ
ҲΪʲô֮չеĸԭ򣬴Ļʳ뽫
Ҳ뽫ĻʳȫµȦΪṩѪҪ
ǴĻʳֹһĿǰҲûа취սа
ԳƷȻĴ־ȴд󣬼һɾҲһǿȴҲԻаŤתơ
֪˲ԭĺа֮⣬Ϸ壬ʮɽͬݷżΪֲ
ԭ֮еĺ࣬ҲӶϴԣγԺ彻Ȼ
ҲҪͨѪķʽ񣬺ͱаȣûκ
ЩµĶЩа񣬶ͨаķ񣬳Ϊ¼в
зִͺˣ
˾ͽͷ֪Ʒʲôçײ֮ˣĵ˵ͷ
ô죬ڿ϶취Ը㣬ƫƫǸûа취ڣ
˾ͽЩǵ˵̫ƽʱôһУûʲôúµġ
ΪڣڸôΪΪϾ滹һѹš
ȻڣҪԿǵضħ壬ûչںͷ֮ĶԹ
һڵһԳֻ֣ڶ㸲֮
ϾڵĿɽʦҲֻѣֶζԸ֮µĸֻԣԸǸûκʤ㡣
޷ûа취κң
ƷһЦ˵
ҪңҲÿû£
˾ͽƷôеʱҲͲ˵ʲô
ܿ죬¼䶼ŹڳƷ飬ҽ֮Ϊ֮µһֵʱ
۶֮дʥּټƷһγƷɨԭ˴󹦡
Ʒ򹦽ΪԶ
ԭĺһ˹ľλ
Ѿܹõߵķַ⡣
Ͼĵ۹ĻʵۣҲŶѡ
Ʒ̫ξĴߴ֮£̤ܿǰ۶Ĵ
ûйãƷӰͳ˵۶֮С
Ȼħ뷽跨ķס˵۶Ŀռ䣬ǵ۶֮ла취ʹô˴ͽͳȥ
ֻ۱ԭ֪߰϶٣ħ廹δֵʱҪ߳ʮ
ƷǷ֮ǰ۶ģҲõĴͷõ⡣
ܿģƷ˵۶ϢҲܿΪ֪
ڵ۶֮Уʶڽ
ǶڳƷĳ֣еıֳѺãеıֳ˼ȵĶ⣬Ʒܹܵвٵʶгɱ⡣
Ĵڣʵǵ̫̫ˣɱ˲֪
ڵ۶ȴ죬ƷڼĻʳһˣ
͵ʱҪӲɣ˲٣Ȼһ飬ӢҲǴľƣ
ܺã
ոտƷֱӿ˵
ʱһֱһЩجģΨ㲻ϵĸ޴Ϣ
Ŀ˿Ʒ
¹ˣЩǳӦģҲһӣǱ֣½˵
ãһ֣Ц˵ЦЩ˿װȻħ壬壬壬壬üȥͨЩΪѾɥĲˣⲻ֪ûıӣֻǿˣôе磡
ô˵Ʒֺ֮˵ɱ⣺Щͳͳ
ƷƽͽͬʱҲ޲ɼ˵ıɡһֱʵǿģܵ޴в


2359 
ЩҲ֪ĴأǱġ
زȻкܶں年еֱͶ壬˵ܶħˣʱǷ׷Ͷħ壬ڳΪħצ͵Ϊ¡
뵽Ʒֻޱߵɱ⣬˲ɱƽߡ
˶ܹñ֣ôӣп˵
ˣ˵Щˣ˵㣬Ѿǹˣ۾λѾǿϵ˾ͽˣ
Ʒ˵ͷֹǾλʵѾԶԶ˾ͽ
ֻƹȤø˾ͽ
һΪʵսĺܿ죬޽Ϊ˵оҪΪ˵İԲͶħ壬ĻضҪ֮أ
ԣЩҲǳҪģƷ˵
ܺã֮ǰ̫ξƼ㣬ڿ̫ξ۹⻹һĶûκ⣡˵ҲͲˣ޻ҪҲҪúһԶԺ޻дã

Ʒ˵ͷܿͰݱ
ƷŸոճڵĴûжȴһ
һɫĳۣ󲻿ԣһſʵ֮ϣͷлһֻ۾
ֻǼ򵥵վڳƷǰȴóƷһһ̫ɽĸо
Ʒһ̫ɽ
ֲֿĸо˲亹ë

ƷﷴӦ˹
˵ؼ仹ܹоëȻˣǱȻ
ͨ˸ûʵЩ˰ǧǧӽһľҲûпܸĸо
ֲֻ֪֪࣬ǰ֮˾˭
һ˲䣬ƷѾ˵ݡ
ʣǰ֮˲ǱˣӦþڵˡ
һּǺεĿֲɱ⡣
ѰǸоһɱ⣬ͻᱻŷȥеͳͳûֵܹĴڡ
ڵƷ̽ĿʵΪ֪˲ôǴ̫ξǴ̵ϽкȻԺԺˣٶûмƷҲûеǡ
Ҳֻڵһֿˡ
һѾںɨ˷޵еĴڡ
չ֮Ϊӿֲ˵Ѿĸ֡

ӵ˵ͷ˵Ϸ򣡡
ɳƣмϵҹɡ
ǴʱĻ֮Уȴűɱ֮⡣
Ʒû˿ĵģΪ֪ʲôطĴҲûжԶ
ڵˣŻ
û뵽㻹ϵϷ򣬿Ѽ˺ܶϣڵ˵ͷƺǶԳƷҲ˽ⲻ١
ûκôɣҪԸڣͱˣڵ˵
ѵҪﶯֲɣ룬ӦûΪ¼ĹаɣƷ˵
ǺǣɱģֲֻһҺαԳأ˵¶˼ĪЦݡ
Сӣúϧʱɣ
ڵ˵꣬ʧ˰֮С
ǻǱ𣡡
ƷϾж˳ڵǻҲԶѰ˵
ƷûпĻֻһһ벽ԼĴ
ǲΪµġ
ֲΪµģ󲻵Ǿжǿ
Ʒڵ۶ְʱ¼ַһ顣
Ǿǲ֪ʲôʱ򣬲ԭһͷֲޣһͷ޺ɨ߾Ĵ
һͷ޺ֱײĻʳľӸס
һͷڳ˱߾֮̾ڴĻʳıɱ䡣
̶̼ʱ䣬Ѿʮڵ˲һͷ޵ϡ
һʱ䣬Ϊ֮𺳣£һƬŭա
Ѿж궼û˸ҶԴĻʳˣ˵ֱɱĻʳĸشɱ䣬ɱ¾ʮˡ
ܿ˾һͷΪǿˡ
Ȼһͷޡ
һͷһ·ɨ帹֮иûиܹ
Ҳǣסûа취һͷޡ
·¼嶼Ĭǣס֣һͷŰ
ΪóƷ
һͷ޵졣


2360 ĵ
ܿ죬һͷͱ˳ˣһԭϺСȦһͷޡ
Ϻ˵ս˺͡
Ϻ˶ˣǺǿ߱޵ҪĶˡ
ϺϲˣǶһͷ˵ոմ۷ڡ
֮ǰϺڳƷϣһͷոͻƵǰˡ
һֻűжôĿֲܿչ˳ڴĻʳı߷ƻ
һֳ֣Ǻ̵ܶʱ֮ڣܹݻһС
һ֮ڣǧˣ̶̼ʱ䣬Ѿ˲һͷС
һʱ䣬»Ȼŭ
ԴӴĻʳûз飬ûܹڴĻʳ˵ķ
ƽʱֻ´Ļʳ֮κһ֣߳ѹոսߵ

۶֮дŭŭ޷֣ǣסˡ
ħ֮ǿħ壬壬壬֮еĸֶԼǿϢͶ˵۶֮ϣھҪ֡
ڸصĴĻʳҲǣסˡ
һʱ䣬ټĴĻʳȻҲһܹĴڡ
ͨħ¾˵һͷΪΪĻʳ֮΢һĴڶûС
벽վҲֻǰ벽һȺ벽һϣҲԲĶ֡
ֻɱƷֻҪƷˣҾȥ
ڴɱ¾֮һͷų
˽һǵһȻҪƷ
ƷǳȥǾ·һҪǲȥҪ˵Ŀʷ
ҪƷĿǰΪֹпͻƳΪĸ֡
Ǻ壬壬壬壬ħ뷨
ƷĴڣ˿Ѿһ޴в
Ŀǰֻǰ벽˿Ϊ
ȵʣõǿҲ˲Ը⿴ġ
Ȼ˵Ļ֮µķ򶼱ˣʼһ˵óƷȥֹһͷ
ΪĹϵǣ˴Ļʳ
ƺѾ˳ƷΪ˭ԭ֮У
̫ɶˣô˵Ҫһͷһսô
֮ڣ˾ͽݺһķ֣ŭɶ
Ʒ㲻õģڷУȵͻƵ֮ٳأҾͲˣһͷܹɱҷɣ
˾ͽŭɶȻ⹥ʵ㣬ǱϾǳֵģոͻƵĸʵô£ػǴ´ġ
ȻóⱳƲ˵նġ
߶һͷУԿǸӰ
Ͼڷפر߾ľڵǸ
ⱳ˭ƲǻһĿȻô
ʵ㱻ǣסˣҪסһͷ»ǿԵġ
Ҿٿ˭̲סһһͷɱ¾ʢͻΪµĹУˣ
˾ͽɫ˵
Ϊĸ߲㣬Ȼ֪ĵ̣ԶԶֹϿһ㣬ֻƽʱְˡ
һһͷɱ¾ʢͻ֮еĵ̳ǸʱһͷͻḶۡ
һոս޿κεĻֻѾˡ
Ļ̫ˣÿһ죬Ǿ޴ʧ
Ʒ˾ͽ˵
֪ⱳƲڵˣҲˣڵҴԼ֪ģ޷ڵǸϼһΪ׵ЩСˣ
Ʒ䵭˵ҪˣδǵĿǷΧ֮ڣ֮壬Ǿ͸ˣҲͻᣬĵ̾ʲô
Ȼ֪ĻǾͺˣǧҪмƣ˾ͽæ˵
Ǹ
Ʒվ˵¼ʱЩԲЩȴȥҲܷ¾ȥ
Ҫȥ˾ͽʱʧɫ˵Ƿ¶ϣڳƷϣôĿųƷôȥ
֪һ廹ȥ޴ô
ģһѾˣƷ˵ҿɲûаյ飬һȥҲΪҪնһͷ


2361 ն
Ʒ˵Ѿıһͷ˳ټ⣬ƲҪ
һ֣ѾǱ޿ɱܣá
õĻƷģԼĵĶ֮ҡ
ǱʲôҪص飬һĵĶҡ¾ҲûпܷʣܶҪ
е磬ʲô츳ʲôѪʲôУѾҪģҪľһֱǰɨ޵еĵġ
һıҡô൱ݵѡ
֪һ壬ҲǷȥɡ
ʲô취ô˾ͽƷӣƺǷǳаգͿʵ
ҹȥ֮һս
Ʒ˵
ưոݣǾն
˾ͽ˶٣˵Ȼ֪ʲô㣬ǼȻľҴӦ㣡
ܿ죬Ʒ֮ҪԼսϢͲֶߣܿͳΪ˹עĽ㡣
˶֣ΪʲôƷ֮ս˵
죬ѵܹ֮ıʲôô
ͻƣʱҲӰ벽ͻƵɣ
ʲôѵҪ촦ô
˶𾪣֪ƷʲôĿģֲ²һʱ䣬ϡ
޲Ϊ֮𾪣֮󣬳ƷҪǰսϢ֮һʱ䣬ΪڳƷǰͷ׷ǰƷҪƷ
ƷǷϣôԵļı
Ծһ尡ʦǰȥ
ʦ˼
ȻЩƷͳͳ赲档
磬˶ЩǣԭѾɱ۾Ȼ֮ͬľս
·ֻΪϺһĿһ
Ȼ˾ܹóֻһͷ˱ͬġ
ͬ⣬ƷɴֱӶڷ֮ڲĻôЩϣƷ˿ɾҪץϹˡ
һƷͻƵôһеһпɾͳ׵״ˮƯ
һ̤ƷͻΪȫĴڣµ¸ûܹɱ
ڳƷȻӦ֮һսõĽ
ʱ֮УƷʲô飿
˶мһˡ
ʱ䣬ѵͻô
һʱ䣬¶Ϊ֮Ŀȥ¼òײŻָ˼ƽǴĻʳİոǳ׷¡
ȻϷҲħŰȻɱ¾˵ħ嶼û׺ݡ
һս֮¼ҲûгƷˣ
һȴΪªĶ
Ҳ˵ûҲʵһ֣ûǸǶµ츳ʲôã
ڹŴ콾֮УƷҲ˺䶯
˶ڿϧҲޱҫ۵ĴڣҪڲ֮ͬһˡ
ʱգۼţͬڴ֮У֮
ԭһͷξ޴ڲԭ֮ϣÿһκͬһ㣬ͬһ޴ޱȵɽΪ¡
ȵµ
ǰ棬һ۵΢΢Ϲ
˳Ļʳ죬Ѿˣȥ˵ҲҪǸƷʬΣ
ŭһ㡣
ǰǸӶֻú󱳷һͷǰÿʱỵ̈Ҫϵľ޴ѹ
·ʱܱһͷһ̵
ʵϣǷǳпܵģ
һͷԴǰʱʼޱȵıŰһϺûܹס
ǾͶлµİæˣ΢΢Ϲ˵
У
Ʋһ˵ôȥˣ廹ôڶûκεı仯ѹô꣬ûκν
ҲΪǰڶŸԻ᲻ôǿ˵
ЦԭΪЦ𶯡ԽǰڶԽãɣҪȥɱƷˣ
һȣ޴˫˸˵ãֲλվȻ̤ž˵Ĺâķȥ
Ӷʱһһͷѹʵ̫ˣҲѾ۷壬ȻʱȻһ
ʱʱ̶ܹ̿ܵԼͬһ㣬Ƕ֡
ƷĺͷˣҪΪҶ


2362 
ʱ䣬̬õƽϢ˵Ŀⶼۼϡ
˶ţƷʱڳﻮʲô飬˭Ҳţʱ䣬Ʒܹıʲô
֮Уһͷ޴ޱȵ֮УһС͵ĳǳһȫɢơ
ʱ䵽ˣƷǰ
һͷ֮֮еħľӪħ屻¾һա
ȻһͷͳƷ岻ԸͶħ忴˳ˡ
ħȻС
ΪҪħǡǡͨ˵ҩ
ħ֮ĬֹͣķΧںСķΧ֮ڣҲǻ˴֮ˡ
壬壬壬ֻҪħܾ֮˶ѡ
ħǵõʲôһˣóһ޴ķΧĴս
̫ˣô˼о·𿴵ʲô˼顣
ֱ֮͸֮С
ǺεȺ˵Ĺݣٲֵط˶Ŀֲ
Ʒӣҳô
ǲ˰ɣʲôƣĴҲûκ壡
Ʒһ֣ȥ
˶۷׷ףֲƣ룬ƷûпܾʹܣǷǳпܵġ
ϾûԸȥô֮вûܹԸֻǱǣס˶ѡ
ҲֻǱǣסˣһǷǳпܽɵġ
һͷոͻƵôô˿£˿֮Уһͷ֮УƬǿնڲ
Ӱֱӷ֮УԶԶڹս
ֻо̹ǣɱޡ
˶ڲɼҪˣܿһͷĿֲơ
أ۷׷׵ʱһֲϢӷƿһкֱӺᴩգ嵽ǰ
ն֮£Ȼˡ
һ£˫ֱ޳۽ӰӿԶޱȣ·һ
ƷȻûӱܣ
˶ڳԾΪǿƷֵĸ̫ˣЩĬ˳Ʒܻӱܣܿһս
ΪδΣĻδûС
ΪˣԵ˳Ʒֵʱ˶ڳԾò˼顣
ˣһ˫֮˸ѪɫĹâĶס˳Ʒ
ɱϺ˵Ϻֱ죬ԭҪһͻƳΪģ˭뵽Ϻ˳Ʒϡ
ֻɱ䣬Ϊ
ˣɱˣ
ƷЦһǰ
һͷԶԶȥһͷǣͨ鲼ẉ̂ΪͿ¡
Ҳ֪Ѫ֮лʲô´ڵѪŻ˾˵ơ
ɱ
˶ֻûڲǺεȵİ˭ܹ˵ĻҪ֪ɲѰĴڣһĴڡ
㲻Уɱң
ЦһȫϢֺ̣ͬǺӱһ㣬ųƷǵصϯ
ֿµѹȸУóƷоʼ
Ʒ鶼ɵͷϣɽͼתֵǵضĿֲơ
Ҫ֪Ҫɱ벽ʱ򣬼ֱǲѴ֮һʱȴֱ֣ͬն
벽Ҳֻǰ벽Ŀ£ԶԶǰ벽ܹᲢ۵ġ
Զɫ׷ײҰףвٶǰ벽Ĵڣǵ϶м־֣ܹ벽ĴڣǶ֮ͬеٮٮߡ
˶ܹտһġ
ΪⱳѶʵ̫ˡ
ǵжԼĽģǵĽȴ㱻ֱӴ
ǰЩ벽ֱһЦ
ͬն
Ȼְ֧벽࣬Ȼ벽رһĲࡣ
ɱкβɣͬľ磬ɱѴ֮һƾ㣡
ƷƽɽӶֿһĿֲѹѹơ
η壬һͷԡ


2363 ܻ
ͷһһͷĿ£ȻӹɵģκͻƵ֮󣬶ᷢ츲صı仯
εԾǨﵽһ־˵ĳ̶ȣҿԽԼǿѪķʽȥ
ҲЩʵԴǵѪ棬׷ݵĳһĴڡ
һͷʣҲӵܹĿʵѪ֮У

һͷ˵
˶еסˣû뵽һͷôֱӳˡ
ɱʹţȷʵѾ޵У
ƲųƷڳ޳Ʒһ
ǳƷȴ֪Ҫ˵ʵϺ
ϺѾ֮оĴڣƷȴ׾ٵĽնɱⲻ޵Уʲô޵С
ûãұǿǱǿʱ˵ʲôͬһսôƲһ۳Ʒ˵
֮ޱᣬ·ڿһһϳƷ֮ͬеǿȻǿҲͬѡ
ѾΪֵԼƷûһ˿һʤ㡣
ȻԣƷǿᵽʲôز
ƷѾﵽ޵еľô
վҲֻǰ벽ĻδĶְɣ
˵
Ļõ˺ܶ˵Ͽɡ
뿴Ʒڵƾˡ
Ҳ˵ѡһսֱ޲ɼȫԵȵͻƵ֮ٳһսνӱʮ겻Ҳҡҡͷһʮֿϧӡ
ںܶ˵Ʒǵ֮пܳΪһĴڣھҪǺεȿϧ顣
ȻĵģˣԼĵľͱˣ˿еѣҪϵĻԼĵľ֮ˡ
Щ˶ߣȻףһıǺεȿµĺ
ˣϻѾ˵ˣ
Ǿ޴ԶԶȥͬһɽһΪ¡
Ҫ֣Ǿ͹֣̫㣬Ҫ̫ˣʱӦˣ
ڣĻ֮͸¶̫Ϣľ
˲ҪƷӦ˵кܶ˶ƷĻҲһͷɱ˴ĻʳıŰ
ȥ˶飬֪ĳЩֻҪܹƷһжֵõġ
䣡
һͷһŭ忪ʼųƷϮʵǻײһֲһĻ˶оϢ
Ӧ˵̫Ҫײһֲ˶Ϊ֮𺳡
ûʹʲôµͨƾǿԺɨһǿС
䣡
Ʒںײˣһ˵ʵ򲻹ֻһ˲ѣƷһʱ䵱ϣץɽӶȻ͵һҵһ

ҵײ֮һһĿֲһ˷ϯ˿˫ִΧ涼ıˣһƬư֮ء
һ˲䣬Ʒͬߵķһֱӵ˳ȥ
ʤѷ֣
˵Ժ֮Уɵתĸ֣Щ˾ʵ̫ɱˡ
֮ǰƷ׼ôĵƣжֶΣǰûκ塣
ԵʵѹһУһ벽ĸֱһĸֺݺײһ£ûֱײѪǲˡ
ϲҪش䱬ۣ֫ȫѪ
ǺܶĿֲ档
Ȼʧǣһвûз
ը˿ǳƷڷɳȥ֮ûжãͣ
Ʒһһ죬Ѫڷӿڸղŵײ֮УײѪӿ˫ֶоԡ
һȫײôµ顣
ȻǱ赲סˡ
֣ˣƷ˵˶ȻʱǶ׷׷ӦڸղܹײһɽĿֲײ֮£ƷȻûͬǰ㱻ش
㾹ȻûĶס˳Ʒ޴֮⣬ƺҲû뵽һǵûɱƷش
ֻĳ̶ȵĻ죬ܻƷһץһöӲӵĵҩץ˳̷˿С
ɲǼ䣬һǿÿһϸ֮˳ͺһ緢Ļɽпֲ֮зڡ
һУ


2364 ʷһ
ʲôĶס˳ƷֻôӳƷ֮ȳǳǳΣա
ܹоƷ֮ȳжôΣա
Ʒо֮еڷڣҪԼűˡ
⻹Ϊʵǿᣬһİ벽ŲסһŰᵱը鿪
ն㣬˵Ʒ˵֮еǰδеǿѾ۳һĳƷʵѾ߱˳ΪĻ
ҪĲֻǴĥľ磬ӶˮɵĿ
ҲĴ㣬ԭżһû˵ĵطչͻƵ֮󣬽Կȥá
ڣȻЩˣԸЩʱ䣬ҪûͻƵʱ򣬾ͽնɱ
̷ģһΪѪ鵤ĵҩֵҩǿߵľѪɣʱƷ¾̫ĸ֣ЩֵľѪѪ鵤ʿžѪ鵤ɹͻƵ
ԭƷѪ鵤ͻƣǱƵ˼Ҳûбİ취Ψзһ
Ѫ鵤ͻƵôʤ㡣
ͻ֮ҪʱȥԼľ磬ȥĥƾžѪ鵤ͻһ˿˿
Ȼ˵һ˿˿ʲôƷͬҪ̫ˡ
䣡
䣡
䣡
ƷϵϢϵĸǣۿɼܹƷϵϢڷƾ캣Хһ㣬ıǡ
ãͻƣֹ
֮˷ӳ˹æ
ҲϾͶӦ˹Ʒղ̷ĵҩ϶ǰͻƵĵҩ
Ҳһ˲䷴Ӧ˹϶ʱ¶˼飬Ķס˳Ʒҵǰͻƣ
䣡
һ˲䣬Ѿ嵽˳ƷǰһɲǼ䣬޴βͬһųƷȥ
أ
ƷֱУǲûбҷɳȥȴƷͷϣ֪ʲôʱѾһ󶦣סµĹ
Ʒǿˣ
ܹоƷڱǿΪǸղŵĳƷ϶סڵ
ʱ򣬳ƷҲ۾һɱն㣡
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ҲǳƷʼס
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֮ǰƷսû˹
˶ںȻֻûһëȻֲֿսöٰ벽Ϊ֮Ȼ
ҲˣϾѾƷûпֻǰ벽Ѿǿز
â̫ˡ
ƷϵĹâգɨһС
Ʒһͷ޴սһӴȣƷ̫Сˣûһͷָ׸Ǹߡ
̺֮ͷŵĿֲˡ
˷֣ƺ֮ǰ𽥵ķ仯һʼƷȫȫ·磬ͲĶ֣ƷѾʼԺƽƽ
ƷڷǣԶûͣЪ֮ʱ
ͻƣȻֵ
ʵ̫ˣֵۺϵҩ˫ŽҩܹõķΧ֮ڣʵ̫ˣ
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ܶҲ˳ƷĴ㡣
ǲǿˣܹܣƷķΪ֮𺳡
ɱڣǵȻףƷĵƾʲô׼һöҩȥˡ
죬Īǻ̵ɣ˲˼飬ʱֻóƷҪʱҲûκô̡ܷ
Ȼȴͬ˳Ʒ֮
¡
𺳵ʱ֮ϣһһСӰݺײһ𣬽Գһ
˵У˫ײĵط񳱷ķӿ֮⣬Ѫ罦
Ѫ֮Ưҫۡ
˶۾Ҫ˫˭Ѫ
Ʒڰ֮Уϣһצ˺ѵľ޴˿˵ĿѪ֮罦
ǲô
ֻÿϧʵ̫ϧˣɹĻʷһ벽նĻԻսԱʷᡣ


2365 
սһ˵Ҳǹδйսˡ
˶Ǹʱ콾˴ϹʱĸʱҲδ˵˺ŵս
벽֮ľ޴࣬˶Щ𣬹Ŵ콾ʱһһʵͻƵ˰벽Ҳû˸
ѡĳƷͳʸ֮ģ˵ıС
ܺͳƷֿôã벽֮Ĳ࣬ȫλġ
벽ֻĳЩ棬ѾӽҲֻĳЩӽѣȫȫ
ǲսʤô˵ȻǺͳƷͬЩϣƷʤֿܹ⡣
ĻҲͶԱҲܶΪΪ
ȻƺʵģȻ췽ҹ̷ĿǰȻǰ벽ܹսġ
³ƷѾǿ
ȻĿǰûȷߺţǳƷ˵УٲȻѾ֮µһˣ²ǿҲĿǰǿеļ֮һ
ȻƷοˣ
ԣ˵ĲǳƷأ˾һ˵
ע⵽һϣһͷؿϣֱӺһ޴ѪѪͬƴ
ղǿѪ˵ģڳƷġ
ˣ˵Ժ֮ж뵽ôһȲ˼顣
ղкܶϣƷӮҲÿ̫СˣƷʤʱ˶סˡ
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ղţΨһпɱҵʱ򣬵ǺȻᣡ
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𣡡
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һֲķԷǿķУɨ棬ռ䶼и롣
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һײ˿µĺ˺ȻǣһУһһ飬һһʧ˵ǰ
ڴʱһͷѾ嵽˳Ʒǰһֻ޴צӺݺ

ն˺ѿһϼȻȻҲ˺ѿ
Ȼ˶ע⵽ǣ֪ʲôʱһֻѾ̧εĽסһֻ޴צӡ
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޴ĺ֮ϯ
Ʒˣ׼ȷ˵׾ٵĽסĿֲ
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Ʒ˵˵ʱʱ죬ƷָȭȫʢһɫӰֳţһɫӰݺݵĺһͷ
أ
һΣһͷֱӺ˳ȥ޴֮У֪ײ˶塣
޴Ҳ֪ͬʱٵ˿ڡ
ֲһĻ֮ڹս˶סˡ
ôģ
ܿ죬˶ϷӦ˹
ƷͻȻ˿ֲսȻһöҩЧһöҩܹӵ˾˵ҩЧĻǳƷոͻᱬ˵սˡ
ԽҲֻһ
ƷҲˣ
ղǵҩڶʱսҲʵ˾˵Ȼˣ
ôܣô򵥵ĻôǻôΪʲô
ʲôҩһҪõ
۾ˣ뵽һ㣬Ʒƾʵɵͻƣ޻˵Ϊûа취ơ
ȻʵȴˣƷƾһֵҩɵ仰˵ҲпܻͬĵҩȻһͻƵġ
ʡȥĿޣѾڰ벽סûκνĶǿǣҪˡ
ǵ۾Ҫˣ֪Ʒһöҩ϶ô򵥾ܹƳضҪ޴Ĵۡ
ҲùûκϣҪĺá
һʱ䣬ԭжд̵ĳƷΪеϣ
ԲԲܹ
һҪĿʳͻĵҩ
ӽˣ
˶ڻһʱȻȴһһˮ
ǸȥһǷˣ


2366 
˶뵽ˣƷڿɲԭİ벽벽˶뷽跨ı½ľ֣ȳƷ֡
һͻƣΪ֮еıƾûκô
̫ǿˣ裡
ܻŵķ
Ȼڴ֮ǰǿܻƷȻƷѾ֮ĳ̶ֳ֮ϣԼˡ
άĲǳƷײϡ
˭ܹ뷽跨ıһ㲻ԼҲ᳹׽ϴ䷲
ʤΣһΪһֿܵʱⱾЩ˵Ѿһ衣
裡
ؼף
Щ˱ѾûԳƷοƷ˳֮󣬾͸ܹĴڡ
ҪʳƷĵǲڿЦô
뵽һ㣬ʱͬһˮĸоʱ׹ߣһߣǲҪˡ
ڳУһͷҲǳ׷ˣһ׷ɱһ벽ϣȻûɱɣԷɹͻƵΪߡ
ֱܴ衣
ѾˣԼǰ֮˵̤ʯ
һжڶԷУԼĵˡ
뵽еŭͬɽ緢һױ
ȴûóȻжʱͬգƷȻ֣ǸոտҲƽƽ
ϾҲŸոտûжá
ʱĳƷϿֲϢڷȥеһжͬ
ȣ˳׵׵ɱ䣬ȫͬ
򾳵̫ªݻѾһζ
־УԼ
ΧնҪˣһһѿǱƷǿµ˺ѿֲĻ綼Ű
򾳲ֻͬϹսĵطϣȴͬѾܹ֮дϣԿк
ҵóϣȷʵС㣬ŸĻᣡĶס˳Ʒ΢΢һΣѾһʮ£Ľ׳ӡ
ȫ´һƤͻΪˡ
Ȼ֮С˺ܶ࣬˵УȴΣ̫̫ˡ
ССңûκ壬Ϊ㲻ɱңƷ䵭˵ӵֶαҳҳɳΪĸôҪһûгɳʱͽҶɱô
ھ͸㣬һжѾ̫ˣҪԼˣ
񣡡
˵鼫Ϊ䡣
һ棬ƷѾˣָȭָ֮бҫ۵Ľ⣬ȭĹâo˳Ʒһһȭͺ
͸ղȣƷʱĳֱղҪֲʮ
ǿûп֮Ĳࡣ
жٰ벽ʱҲûκ壬ܻʤ
ǿͬƷҲܻʤҲֵܹ
Ѿʮ־ˡ
ʵϣЩû벽ܻ
е뷨ǳ롣
ǳƷ֮󣬲еʲôǾ֮ҾеĹеԪͳͳҪΪá
ϵ£ΨҶ

벽ףֻ򾳶ѣֻһȽǿ򾳡
ôܿ
ܻģֻһֿܣûеڶֿԡ
䣡
ƷһȭɲǼ䣬oɨǿҵĹ⻪Ƭ棬Ƭ涼һ
һɿֲĹ⻪һѸײڶ֮ƺݺݳ
һϱƷ˿ڻʹ˫Ʋ࣬ƷƻһЩ
ȻڳƷѾָĲ࣬³֣Ȼʱûȫָ
֪ԼһʱڣҲʱ
ڻָʱ
ʱ㲢ܳǶڳƷͬΪĸ֣ȴĻᡣ
һɲǼ䣬Ѿ嵽ǰ
oͬϵ飬ٷҪնħ
Ʒλڰo룬أ·նħ
¡
һȭȭɨؿ֮С
ײ


2367 ն
ƷһȭƾıһƳգռѷ죬һһѡ
ƷһȭҲûɱؿ֮УǾɱ
ղű˿ڻûüָʱ򣬳Ʒץסǧѷĺûᡣ
˫ϵĲ࣬Ѿֳ
ȻƷŸոտǿ̶ȾѾһʱƶϵǿ
ŭţֱӴĺ˳ȥؿԭеһ޴ѪĸˣѪؼɽ˵Ѫ׷ɡ
ѪȼգǱƷµȭȼˣ֮пʼȼ
˶ɵˣ
ǵУƷѾ˫ҲӦûὩȥŶԡ
߶Ǹոտõߣ˫ʵӦѷֲٲŶԡ
ȻڳƷʵǴѷֲ٣ڵģ
Ʒֶ˺ؼһƽoһ㣬ǿĵز
һ֣ƷȻܾʹ˷ŹΪ֪֣ʵϣǵǷǳǳʢġ
ҪһһնɱǸܵġ
Ȼڲ֪ײ˶֮һ档
ڷȼڵľѪԼƻָȻ˵ĸӰδͻƺ
Ƶ˼µҲûκѡ
Ʒ״ûκεڣֱһԾһ䣬гһץɲǼ䣬Ѿץһâɨգи롣
߽
ƷһնȥһǰһųƷڽ׷򣬿˵Ѿһӵ˵Ƿ켫ĵزˡ
׽ڵĿʦǸ˵е߻ڣҲܳԽƷ
˵ƷѾһŽӵ˼¡
һɣһֱɨؿ֮С
ͣ
ҽһ嶼㱻Ʒһն
ؼеĹâһ˲䱻һڱˣҲûʲôâ⽣âӵˡ
ƷռȻˣֲֿĹͬһϯ
䣡
䣡
䣡
ֲĹͬһ䵽ϡ
Ʒɱ˫ͨ죬նɱһߣľǿҲоѪڷڡ
ͬʱ˫֮УĿֲ֮Ҳϯ֮ҵֱֱϯȼա
֮𲢲ѰĻ棬ؼ֮ɵĻ棬ûа취ɾؼҲûκǲпܡ
һҲǸܵ顣
մȾ֮ҪҲҪѷǳʱпܳɹ
ҽУһδεػɳȥֻоԼȫ¶ȼӿȵ֮޲ԼܹƤ޷Ϩ֮
һ֮ΪΣյʱûµɱ
ߣҲŲˡ
˭룬˳Ʒ֮Ȼ˵Ĵ
ͣ
ƷһնȥʱһͷȻն룬Ѫ罦
ô˶źһĹۻңǴû뵽֮սȻ˵һ浹
֮ǰܾ˸һ
ǿ֮ǰݺĻʳ֪ɱ¾˶ھȻĸһڻն롣
һ˲䣬һͷһ֮ˣ֮µһͷϵ֮ҲʧˣԭһЩ˿ҲʧӰˡ
ƺص۷壬˶óһͷϢ˺ܶࡣ
ȻղǳıԴ֮һ֪˶ٺ󻼡
ȻҲǹ˲ôˣϾһСģ˾ˡ
ƷһҪ㣡ŭŤ¼ˡ
ƷֻĿ֮ſһ˲ʱѾǰԭղŵĶǲ˿ղųƷǸʱʵѾɱǰ
е֮γɵĳһӺɨ˳ȥ
죡
죡
죡
һ̫ˣûκηӦͱһԴɴ۾
ղŻ֮αƷû뵽˳ƷС
Ʒǿˣ͸ոͻƵʱȣǿɡ
ֽ棬һ˿һĲ඼ο֮㹻óƷ׾ٵȡ



2368 ڵľ
һ

пһĻ˶ɵסˣ׵׵ɵˡ
˶׳ĬˣƷַʽ𣬹Ķ١
նɱһķʽԼ
ʲôǿ˫ǿ˫
ûκγɣƷսҲһ˿һĳɣ
Ʒһ˵ʵһߵĵ
Ʒô֮У֮ûκεĿǶѾزĳƷ˵û˿Ӱ졣
ڹһսջ񣬸û˸ʱ֣ǲѰ·ô
һʱ䣬嶼һƬ𾪺Ϳֻ֮С
ֶ֮һߣ֮ԵǣǼһߡ
ÿһߣڸ˵ǸԵĵ̣ʧһĪʧʲôʧҪĶˡ
ʹ޵ĿųƷǳƷɱ˲ԭ֮Уնɱ˲ԭ֮еϺ
ȻնɱͿ˵ǲǺʬλġ
¶ԴôܻῪĵ
˵޲ýƷɱ
ɱһߣǸܵ顣
ڳƷǰʬƯ֮Уȴû˸ȥȡ
ΪǰĳƷʵ̫ˡ
أʱһӱ˺ѿһֳֻʬץ˹ȥ
Ȼû˸ԳƷʬȴǿԵġ
ͬʱ˺üֻ֣ȫϵĸֳˡ
ǳƷĶ֣Ʒ͵һ۾˫̺֮ϵ磬ɲǼ䣬֮˿
ԴͻƵ֮֮ǰҲͬʮֹشĸ֡
һֻץһӱ߽ˣʧ֮С
һֻֻץһҲûѱ߽ˡ
ǲʲôǴӷεıԴ
ǼΪµֶΣͬʱҲǽΪ߶֮󣬲ž߱
һȺС֮
ƷĿ˵
ûм׷Ϊ֪ûãЩֱ˾˭û֪
Ϊûвղžʲô˳ˡ
ֵ˽̫̫ˡ
˽ĺܶ࣬Ҳûп׷鵽ϾЩѾ˷ܱʲô
ǸոյĽ棬ȴһ·Ǽ˹һΪһηǳ򵥵Ľ֣ȴ漰ô֡
壬п̺С
֮УƷǸոտУˣЩʱǸов
ӽ˭ٷ壬ͺһ³
ƷʬѾˣҪʬƳɾѪ鵤һֵʬ֮ǰƷһһѼ벽ľѪҪǿ̫ˡ
ǸʱͿͳ֣ڡ
ûֻҪƷԸ⣬кܴܹġ
֮ǰƷ¶Ͼͻ˵죬Ͼܹĵҩ
ȴͬƷѾ߱Ա
һǸոճΪ֣˶̬ȶз츲صı仯
һֻԸǿʵ
һƬڣ˳Ʒľ棬ţħ壬Ǻ壬壬壬壬Ҫؿһ£ŭǳһǶôµĺ
֮ǰոҪɱ䣬ҪŪƷʱͳͳûƢƷµĳƷ񽻻㶼ҡ
Ʒʬ֮󣬾ĬĬķ˷֮ڡ
ʱһƬڣµĸֽı仯
˲ԶǧӺԶĵطǰҪݼƷ
Ҳ֪˶ˣڵɽŶ㱻̤ơ
ʱ򣬷ûеõƷ£
ʱڲѾȻ˱仯
˵ԭڵһλ֮ᣬôڣһеѾڳƷͻƵʱѾɢ
һķڵ˭òϣڵǷµĺģƷǷµĺġ
Ƿµľ䡣
ԷģǱ˲ġ
ĳ˵ƷĻĻҪĸá
һ˾ͽִƷڶ꣬ԱȨڱȫܿա
һǳƷĻڵȨܱƷ¢ϡ
ַ˵ûгƷʹ
ΪһеһУڳƷʱѾȻͬˡ


2369 ƹ
µľѾڲ֪֮䣬ȻĻ˳Ʒ
ƷԷڵĿʦ֮󣬵ڶλľ֡
Ȼֻǳڵ˵Ѿ㹻зˡ
ԣڸ˵ȴһԵĴ
ֻ֮У򣬲пܲ뵽µ֮С
ûûʸȥ׼ȷ˵ûҲԱ
֮ǰڼΪʮ֮һҲֻܹԱħĴơ
ѾǷǳˡ
ĴһȵħɧΧ֮УһַƮҡ֮С
û򣬾൱ǹԪʱûкĹңܷչٺã֮ٶĸ֣Ҳûа취Լš
ڣƷڷڵ壬ڹԪʱåеĺåã˵֮
˺åå
ΪˣÿһֵӣµľƵõ޴ı仯ֽһֵϴ֮С
ǵƷͻ谭ɾ֮󣬾͸¶˺ܶı
¼һܹ·Ƶ
ΪˣŻôǰڣҪƷһ档
˶֪Ʒһֵҩܹ벽
¼ôİ벽˵ʣһ־޴Ĵ̼
Щ𻹺ãδҪ˵ֻʱ⡣
Բ֮·յ㣬Ƕںܶ˵벽ѾյˣûİⱲӶûܳΪ벽
£˿ʼԷľۼ˷֮⣬Ǻܶ벽Щ򲹰ϵĸ֣඼ֻһţܹõƷƵľѪ鵤һܹͻƳΪ
ЩΪС
ҵһݼ˺һڰ벽ĸҲ׷վ˳
ЩˣһӵѹһĿֲơ
ƽʱһ÷ٴУȫӦ
ڣȴܷɣΪڷ֮Уһλ½
ߵʵӹɣǿ֮
λڳλλɢȥɣôİ벽뽵٣Ҳòһ
Ƿ˾ͽվ˳ֻ۷壬벽ǣôİ벽ĴУڳʱҲɵЩͷۡ
һΪûжԷߣ˾ͽȴκεĵӣΪĻʳʮ֮һķڡ
ȻʱԵ³ħ֮⣬йİ벽ˡ
ͬʱôľ֣˾ͽʶ㣬Ҳɵûð亹
Щϼһƽʱܹڱչ֮УǰҲֻЩеһСֶѣ󲿷ֶֻŹ֣ġ
лһЩ˸ɴֶû˵е̫͵е̫Զ˽Щ˵ĵϵ
Ľ࣬δΪЩ֮еһǰ϶顣
ڣôţô벽ĸǰݷãýֺͷҲ֪ʲôԭ򣬿϶ǺͳƷ̷һöҩйϵ
˵ˣڲһöҩȤҲϾܹһ벽ΪĻᣬҲǧѷĺûᡣ
ֻǺȣҪһЩΪǿƷǷ֮ˣǻõĻᡣ
ǳʱпռҵȣϣһʱ䣡
ʱһƵİ벽߿˵
ҾͲ֪ˣȵأǸʱ˵˾ͽ˵˵Ŀⶼ䵽ϡ
ıгƷҲ̫Щˡ
ڵ£ǻ֮ħ͹Ϊƣϣܹ׳ֵҩĵֻҪܹ׳±ضмģʱһվĿ˵
˾ͽߣʱɫһΪѾϳߵ˭ڵһεĸ
Ҳݼߣǰˡ
ʱ˵ĻȻǾĲϣĴȳƷͷ
ԹԽҩĵĻƷˡ
Ȼû˵ԼԼ֮䣬İ벽߶׷׸Ÿ͡
һԣûӣ壬óƷͷǻǸôġ


2370 һ벽
ħ֣ΣڵϦϧŻ֮Ϲ׳ݸ嶼Ķµģʱһİ벽˵
ĸֿΪİ벽Ҳ׷׿ڡ
ǵȻľеĺô
˵ôպ϶ԴԴĳ֡
˵ԴԴٳһ֣ڸ˵һ޴в
˵ЩѾе˰벽Ҳֻһ֮ңһĻᣬŹɾĻᡣ
δ뵽벽۷ĸҲ׷׸Ž
һˣǿܶûһǻĵġ
λʲôҪƹ˾ͽһµĻɽҲӦ
Ҳһ˲ս״̬ǾԲܷƷѡ֧ǡ
ͬʱʸƣŵһڿ˰벽ĸҲ׷׳ڻɽ֮⣬Щƹİ벽š
һ
һڸַ׷״󺰡
ǺǣҳһұһǣأһӰ˰֮С
˶һⲻǳƷô
ԭղŻˣһӶ˲ûûһߵʱû֪ѹöô
ҲΪʲôƷ֮ǰҪʱ򣬸û˿õĸԭ
벽ûʤ㣬ƷʤǿնɱģǶ漣
ο˿ƷܹնɱԭԼҲ
ս֮ͻƵġ
ճƷɱͱɱҲ˵֪ǰ벽ɱǾ̫ˡ
ܻģҲֻ벽ûпܵġ
֪ǣԳƷ֮ʱжѹ
ҽƾʲôƷЦЦĿˣ˵
춼ǰ벽˶İ벽УҲûз
ΪǿδͻƵʱ³Ʒ׾ٵĻɱκһ벽ȴҲҲôİ벽
ͿôĶ֣
Щ벽֮УûЩ𣬼ǹŴ콾١
֪Щ϶аܹͻƳΪϣСԲŲðա
ֻЩƵİ벽ȫǱͲСֲ󣬲Żѡա
ҲΪ忼ǣƮҡĵѵⲻǳӦô
ƷĿ䵽ԼϣղŵһڵߣڵһɵӲͷƤ˵
ƷĿ䵽ϣ·ʱֲֿѹ
ӦģʲôʱЩӦˣƷЦǺЦƮҡҲûڴ˽ǵĴзʱ򣬸ҳʲô壬ǺЦô
Ʒһ۾ͿˣⱳĻƶҪȳƷⱳ˭ĺô
ʣΪӵа벽ܹõĺôġ
ŵܹӻ̣Ӹ߶˵ս
˭İ벽۷ĸԽ࣬˭õĺôҲԽࡣ
ⷽ棬ڵȻһĴڡ
ҪҲλߵ˼߰Ȼ˵ʱˣվŵôߡ
ŵЩҲķǳۺ죬ܹŵĸ߶ս˭ҲӶࡣ
λߣЩѹңƷЦһ漴һֱӳ˹ȥ
أ
ڵһֻһҽУͱĳһѪ
˶Ʒͻָˣû뵽Ʒ˺
⡭˶ɵˣֻо׹һ㡣
˶뵽һʣ衣
ֻƺˣƷȻҲǻʵҪƳƷ£ǲѰ·ô
ڵһȻֻǰ벽Ǳվŵģڵһ
ҲƷ˵ɱɱˣһʱ䣬
ҪѹңҲÿû£ǰ࣬ƾǣҲƹңƷЦһѹûн˷Уոֺɱһ벽ҲͬС
˵һͰ벽Ĳ࣬ƷԿİ벽ֻǺĹ


2371 ˼
˵벽ǿǶϣ
Ҳϵĵֻڴ֮ǰƷսһһսʤ֮еЩĶҡ
ųƷһƣ˵ԴһӶˡ
裬ǳƷĴڣ
˴ʱʼˣôͻȻһӲȻҪܹƹƷ
Ͳʵ
ǳƷ˵ģǰпƽƽѰôĿԡ
ʵô
Щ벽Ĵڣǵûʲôֱɣһ޷һͲһˡ
ʵ̫ˣ
˴ʱѾùģƷһ塣
ƷôĵӣȻɱڵĸ
ʱ֮ϣһ޴ޱȵĺţһӰڰ֮г͡
˶һȴһӰȴڵǸ˭ء
Ȼչأ˼˲࣬Ⲣǲ³˵ݡ
ڳƷնɱһ֮ڵͲסһ˳
ɱˣΣƷЦ˵ΪҲɱô
裬ĻԺʲôèɱôƷ˵֮еĲ˷׷׵ͷЩȻȴҲһֱڹעҲûиԵĵˡ
Ȼ޾壬ᱻСãοûУʱ޿̶ҪǣǿˣҲᱻƳɹ
õİ취ǶžϹĿռ䡣裬ǸԵԭ򣬲ɶҡ
οΪҲ֪ôε飬Ʋɣ
ƷЦſǰڵ
֮ǰƲȳƷ԰벽ľսҲǰڵֱʡ
ڵ鸴ӵĿǰĳƷ
ʣĻ飬ֱʣҲû뵽ƷȻѲز
ȳƷȥһսǸ׳н֮ߣʮƷжô
ֻҪƷսȻͻϡ
Ʒѡܶս˲ֵɣȫ壬ȳƷɱƽϢŭ
Ȼǣǿ˵㣬ҪҲֻһڰˣжôǣǿֻҪܹǱ߽ĹȥҲ͹ˡ
ţжôķŭҲΪһ˺׵˺
Ʈҡ֮Уһӹɣͬһ㣬һ
Ȼû뵽ǣΪƷ϶޷ѣɵʱ򣬳ƷȻھ֮ɱһ·
󻹳ɾ
ֻΪǸֱǷ
һ벽ɱ
ڳƷѾڵĸ֮ѾΪУƷȫпܸڶĴС
ȻоԵţƷĶ֣ͱȳƷ̫ˣڵķҪϺü
ȻҪĶ࣬ȻȴҲòϣѾӣǳƷȴͬնԳƷչֳľʵȫõδǧ꣬ǧڣǳƷ¡
ǳƷȴ𽥵ǿ
ǳƷ֮УٮٮߣδзʵĿԣҿԻС
һƷʣôδ˵һв
һҹҹҪ𣬶һ˵ֱˡ
ҲһߣſƷ࿹⡣
ȻԸ⽫ϣδҲܳһ֮ϣϰˣҪжв֮˶ͳͳѹѿ״̬֮¡
뵽Ʒ֮ļɵɱ
ƷȻõ֮еɱ⣬ʲôƷҲܹµĳ
һжͬˣԷƽƽ
ڻıң㵨ӲСһ죬ɱ㣡
ƷĿ˵
ƷҲֱԷ˺ΪĻԷһеĻɱǸʱһˣ˭Ϊֻع
Ȼͬ
ߣ
Ʒһֱ֣һץ֮ϣһֻ֣һֱץڵ
䣡
ڵձץȻĻܱһİ벽ҪµĶࡣ
ڳƷǰȴûκεʤ㡣


2372 
ڵ˳Ʒϣһʱ䣬Щ벽ĸַ׷תͷܣײ˳ƷȻ󱻳Ʒһ
˵УʱͽƷΣճ̶ߣڵҲ˵ɱʹɱˡ
ֱһӣû˿ǡ
οЩ벽
һʱ䣬еİ벽ں̵ܶʱ֮ھʧӰ١
Ҳɵ̾һ벽ֻǰ벽ҪָͱƹǸܵġ
벽֮Ĳ࣬һĴ󣬸ûбƹɹĿԡ
ҲԼ벽ƹĻָ鷳ҲԴԴĳ֡
ͨ飬׵׵ˣؼֶһߣųƳ
һεʤʣһƬڣӽ쿪ʼ¾Ͳõ֮зƮҡȻ˸ˡ
ֻҪƷһ죬ھ̩ɽһ졣
߲ͬƷ̫ˣԳƷĴڣԱϷδǧ꣬ǧĻԻͲʢ
һʱ䣬´ϯͬʱ֪֮ͨڽõ
ƷҲûֹ֪Ҳʾһ֣ͨһ񣬶ȫѸĴڣЩ˲۵ĵ
ʢٿڽõ߸˷׷ǰһƬڣ˶ϲķΧ֮С
ʮ֮У֮⣬׷ǲλȨصǰݼƷ
Ѿ̭ʮڣڣҩȵȼʱҲ׷ǰμӡ
һηڵǼѣûеһжֻǾлˮ°ˡ
ʱǱ뿪ʱһĻô˭ߡ
ͬڣ̣ȻԺ⼸ʸûйŴս
ֻ˸ˣĻڣȻԺ̵ռݵĵطԴԶԶȷڻҪǿȴиѡԷںڣڵ֡
Ϊûһǿԭ
ڳƷ֮ǰ벽ûУʮĩβûеġ
ڣһжѾŤתˣгƷ򣬳䣬Ļڵƿν̩ɽ
ҲڣڣҩȵĽѵġ
ĽҲûа취Ľ˭ûгƷĴء
һ֮ŵ
⼸ûȫ¼ɽǻΪʮ֮һΪʮʵ̫ˡ
ȡŵɽ֮⵽شҲֻǱشҪǵ
ǵ֮ͬĴڣҪͻƳΪߣֻʱ⡣
㲻ƷôǿᣬǽֻǱ֤ػʮ֮һȴǷǳ׵ġ
ЩŴȻǿǵֶһһۻģѾ˺ܶˣһʱ׷ϲϡ
ڣɽŴ䡣
ܹǰԼƷģʣǸ֮ͷĴڡ
һһ˳Ʒ֮һʽʼ

ͳһ񣬼֮кܶ˵ıԶڳƷ֮ϣǴΪȡ
ȻƷһͻƳΪô֮ǰеıҲûκ塣
ҶɣһЩؾƷ˵ͷѹѹ֣
ȻЩ飬ȴ㷢
ｻԵɽ亣ζܹǰμģĸɽ亣ζˣֻʱʱĿ⿴Ʒ
ʹóƷΪȫΨһĽ㡣

ʱȺ֮Уһվ˳ųƷһ˵
Ƿڵĸţŵ
ƷԺ֮Ͼʹ˾ͽĴܡ
ƷûôӴʵԶںܶ˲˽⣬Ҫ˾ͽһһָ㡣
֪ҰʲôƷʵ
ŵ˵ŵڻһֱħΧҹҹս˲أҵȽ⿪һ٣
ʮڴĿųƷķڵĸŵĸ߲Ҳڴ
ϾڽħɾĲûж١
ûгƷĻҲܽħľɵһɶ
ټϳƷΪΪߣħӸǲǰ
ħҲͬǻ۵ģֻҪǻ۾ⲻӲ
˭֪ΧһǾ·һ
ſɾûôõˣħɧ֮£


2373 ɨħ
ħɧȫλģһһ֡
ǵħŻ˶Ľ֮󣬽󲿷ֵıǲ˶Ľ֮С
ڸ˵Ǿ͸جҪˡ
ƾɽŴǽɽŷħĽҲֻǴơ
Χ֮ڵĳбһһĹƣǴĻʳʧأҲһʧء
Ȼߣֲķ¶ɣҪԴĹЩƸԴĹҪЩС
ȻЩһһƣħϣҲԪˡ
ȻŶŵĻۻܹһʱ䡣
ǺʣǵҲֻʱ⡣
ǵܹ֮һ֣пܰˡ
Ȼǵ֮Ȼûгһ֣Ͷķ֮ȴһ֡
ŵѾ̲סˡ
Ҳ׷׿ƷΪҲͬ⡣
ƷϰĻǲſԵõѡ
ЩǷµԵĻҪһȵģǷڵľɢˣʱƷĶд˾ͽĴܡ
Щڵĸʵкܶ඼ǷڵĵΪԭ뿪֮ڸؿ֦ɢҶ֮󿪴š
϶붼ڷڵķ֧ҲΪʲôǿĹԭ򣬾ֻϵĹϵΪǵԴٶͷйء
ҲǸŴӹʱͨõַͬһ÷һˣڵĵͳҲˡ
ڣЩ֮󣬼ˣҲܹڵĴдȥоͲȫˡ
ԷǴ滹Ǵӵ˵бҪǵģֻ˾ͽ֮ǰûǸǹطھѾǳˡ
ڣʣƷʵġ
Ʒ˵ͷȻеϵΪ˵Ȼù˼̫࣬ҲȻԸ֡
ȻˣұΧŵħ
Ʒ˵ͷ
л
ŵ־ϲ
ţ˾ֻƷһһϱ˿ֲơ
һ˲䣬˫ֳֻ֣һץͽ˺롣
ţ˾Ϳˣյһˣŵɽš
ŵɽŴʱɽŴڷתһ֧֧ħųŵɽŴ
˵ǲƴ۵ģ
ĹǾޣļǽŵɽΧǽһˮйͨ
ŵɽ֮⣬ŸĳѾһһĹƣǵĻǴ󱻹ƣ屻ɱ˸⣬ûκ
ʬҰѪ
лħŰЩȥʬס
֮⣬һ֧֧ħڳŸԶĳɨȥ
һĻĻĳһĳ֮ͬʱݣֻŰˡ
ܰܰ
˾һ򾳸ĲͬѾ漰˶ڿռĳ
ʱص˺ѳգҲԽ˲ƶ
ٶȲ֪ǰҪ϶١
˵֮µ˵ݵĿռǷǳǿģǸ޷Ƶġ
Ƕ˵ݵĿռѾûôˡ
ҲΪʲôϹ䷢ĴսᷢγһϹս
ΪǽսĻЩϹŸսನԽ´ı
ǰļ
ʮּȻǾǵš
ƷǿҲֱһֻץ˳ȥ
һֻӭǣҲ֪˶֮ͬơ
ͨ嶼ǽɫģͬƽһ㡣
¡
һ޴ĺһֺֻݺݵȥΧŵЩħĴӪһ˲ĵķ飬еħѣͱһĳ촷ۡ
ħҲ׷ױˣһֲϢħĴ֮ڶٶ򾳵ĸ֣м۷ľڡ
ҪݷڣǵȻԶԶġ
ǽΧȴȫȫ㹻ˡ
Щּ㷴Ӧ˹Ҳûκô
һֻɫֺ˹ȥ
ʵ죬һɲǼ䣬ͺɨһʣЩħĸ߾ͱ׷УȻ׷׻һŵѪɢ֮С
ȻƷ˳ȥɨ֮ԭΧŵħӱ㱻ɨһա


2374 ħ
ֱǺɨ
֣޵У
ԭĳƷҪֵĻȻҲԽЩħľɨɾġ
ǾûᣬվԭأͽԷɨһա
ͻƳΪ֮󣬳Ʒ˺ѳռ䣬·ԵУǷǳõġ
ĹַҪѰҪ졣
еʵļͻʼսַҪ̫Ŷ
һͿԽЩδħӺɨһա
ֲĲ¶һӱסˣ漴׷׿
ʱ֮ڣЩħͬһѾ޽ǵĶͷϣʱʱܹǵɽš
ڣһвѾɾˡ
ֳˣ
ԣǳǳ
˿ѷһͷĳƷҲ˿ѷһͷԼﻹв˽ġ
϶Լڳķ֡
ҲӦˣôУȵֱӳ֣Щħնɱһա
ݼ
ʱӶʼԷĹ˳Ʒ
ǳƷҲǳƷܹ
лŵϲ⣬æ˵
Щħʵ̫ˣŵĵ˵ܻǡ
ϾҲֻѰ򾳣ܹЩǿħ彻ء
޷ǶҷڵţǰǿϵĿɽʦҲҷڵĵӣͬһͬһţȻûɿħɽŸŰ
Ʒ˰֣˵
˵Ҳûʲôþӹ԰ģЩҲһЩѰħְˡ
¸һƬڣڷڵĹУ˺ܶࡣ
ԭȻԷڣǾôﻹжԷڵĹС
ڶڷûйеҲ˺ܶУеģӵľ͸ˡ
ʣµħҾͲˣԼˣƷ˵ҲҪǣĴȻǻ֮ҲҪǿʵԺź÷Ϊǰ
ƷֱӺܻ˵ЩԭҲֻһǾδָЩΪǰΪá
ԸΪʹ¶ڻ
Ҳ׳Ʒ˼Ȼоʲôԡ

ôһİ֮ﻹסæ˵
һʱ䣬ޱȵ֡
˶ϣƷܹǽԼŸħ
ƷҲ߲ܣһһ˺ѿռ䣬Ϊǳ֣Щħ
ϾЩħŰӱ˵Ҳ𺦷ڵĸ
ЩЩеĹܹչҲڲЩŵֶ׳ġ
кܶӣʵЩţһ̶֮󣬱뵽˷֮ڽ졣
ʱȻܺЩ˵ġ
һһŽȥƷϣܿ۷һڸ֣˵ǷڵЩš
ЩڷҲʮֵۺ졣
Ҫ֪Ҳͬħְȴûĸܹǽ
ǲȲ֪һһ˱ˡ
ҩȣڣڵŸû򣬵ڻħ֡
һ֮ǰķһ㡣
ɽŶŴȡڸǷƮҡ˱Ҫ̫̫ˡ
ʼĶҪƷ֣ǽġ
أڳƷٶҪ˺ѿһռ䣬ħʱһֲѹɨ
һħĿֲѹֱѹ˷֮ϡ
ڵĻɽһ˲תԿһֲѹ
ţ֮Уһֻ޴۾˳
һֻħ۾һֻħ۾֮гŷŭɱ¾Ҳ
ߣҪǵĬҪħսô
һֻ۾֮Уһϵ
֮гŷŭŭ
Ʒ֣ɱ˴ħľӣҲħ֮еߡ
ħ֮ҲߣȻûֱӽ٣Ҳͬʶ٣Ʒ
߱סͬʱҲһߺ͸һס
໥ǣƣûֱӳ֡
ҲΪʲôսϣǰ벽Űԭ
ǳƷͻȻһӴƽ⣬ûǣΪսƽƻߡ
һ벽ƻޣȻ߲ͬڸղŶ̶ʱ䣬ƷѾɨħ
иֲ֪˶٣
һھħеߡ


2375 ɱһе
һ̣ħߵ־٣֮ϻһֻ޴۾
۾֮ŭĶס˳Ʒ
ƷĿһֻ۾˵бͽٰɣҿ㵽мＸ
˵ʱʱ죬ƷһȣȻһȭɲǼ䣬ֱӾͽ˺˿Ȼݺһȭ䵽һֻ۾֮ϡ
䣡
һֻ۾˾޴ıըձһɿµ˺飬׵׵ĻΪС
һƬ½ħߣڷ˵Ҳûˡ
֮еĽ棡
Աߵ˾ͽʮֵĵģΪ֪֮ҲǿƷոͻƵ½ߵȻǴռϷ硣
Ҳֻ½˵ģЩ֮еٮٮߣȴδܹռʲôϷ硣
ڳƷʣֱӴ˸֮Ĭ
ܻΪ֣֮Ϊͷ
ƷֻǵһЦ˵صģǷڵĵ̣ʦµĺ֣ˣҲǿһս
ڷڵĵ֮ڣʦĺ֣ǿԿô򵥣֮ûôͿԿߡ
һеܣشǿߡ
½ĵ
ҲͻƵ֮󣬲Ÿܵġ
ûдﵽˣûа취ֵܵĴڵġ
ûʲôµġ
Щһս
أʱԶ֮ϣħ۶ͬ촹֮һ㣬ԶԶĳŷڵķ˶
ħķˣ
˾һڳƷŸոճûãħķ˾ѾˣνС
˵ƷѾΪħжд̣ǱҪɱƷĻشħϡ
䣡
Щħ֮УһС֮ϣһεӰ棬ֻţµơ
Ʒƻ֮Լȡ׼ǸεӰ˳
ȡƷ׼
ȡƷ׼
ȡƷ׼
ħ嶼ŭ𣬺ƺƵ÷ڵĻڴһӾˣת
أʱ򣬳Ʒˣһ֣ʱһϰɵĿֲƾճ֣һնȥ
¡
һѣݣħӻûпͱһֲĽޣûбֱӺУֻǱҶһ׷ˡ
֮֮
˷׷׸п˵
ѹְ벽ߺ֮ʵ࣬ȻԴزߵʵѾﵽһ־ĵزˡ
ң
һɨһУֱӱһС֮ϵħȥʱˣһֻħצƾճ֣Ȼץסһһһķ顣
֪࣬ΪּҵĶôһС֮ϵһѹûнƷ½ŵǲˣȣ㻹ǲ̫ԶˣضҪѪϴˢ
ħַ޾һħߵ£кܶİ벽ߣ˵һħ㳲Ҫ׵ƽڡ
Ͼڣʱȥħɱ޶ȻʵûʵʵĽչֻһЩС͵ţû¹ƷȻ
һԽʼӽ쿪ʼҪ
ֻĿųƷʱһƬڣͬīһ㣬ͨͨ͸һʮֿµߣħ֮ߡ
֮ͬУ޵УһħȺû̫Ⱥ˸޵Уеߡ
ͬЩǰݼƷĸʱ඼һӽս׼
ʱ򣬱ؽҪӭһ춯صĴս
ʱ򣬳ƷڶˣԼ֮վһһ֮С
ɨ˳ЩѾ˵˷Χħַ׷ײҽűɨƬֲѹͬһ˼ħһ
˶ɵˣû뵽ƷµܣЩ˵ħʱסˡ
Ʒʱչֵ״̬̫ǿˣͬһ
ߣϹʱڣһ
ʵϣ£߱һʱ֮ǿٮٮߡ
ڻߣһʱδܳһʱһ
֮ϹʱڻʲΪʶĳ˯ڣڳ˯ڵʱ򣬿ԽĽ͡
ܳʲبۡ


2376 
Ҳ˵ʱ֮УΪģҲǻÿһʱ֮ж֣ٳġ
󲿷ʱ򣬶ڳ˯֮У
һǿߣԺɨһУѹһ
ڣƷչЩֲһ棡
ƽܹ߳־ͺܺˣοȫ֣ʱŷ֣྿ж
ͬţʸƵˣǰ벽еٮٮߣѾĳƷʱȴû˿ķܹ֮ĳ˴֮ľ룬ͬǺӺ嫡
һȥǿȥˣûȥûȥ
һ̫ˡ
ΪˣѾ׷׹ͬĤһ
һ˵Ŀֲơ
룡
ƷЩǰħ壬һ֣ɲǼ䣬ؼ춼ͬ籩һɨ˳ȥЩղŻƺƵħһӾʧأǵǰЩħ֣Ǳ׷׶
򾳣ǰ벽λЩı֮Уûκһɱ
ĿǰĳƷ˵˵ûκģֻҪԸͿɱϰ
𣡡
һС֮ϵһħͲסˣһ֮һīɫ赲ʣħӵǰǵסֲһ
㾹ȻɱôħʿҪ£Ƭײ
ħīһ֮˸˺˵ɱ⣬Ķס˳Ʒ
ƾ㣿Ҳ
ƷƵᣬħ
ħ˫ĶסƷ漴Ц˵ǲ֪ߵغ񣬾ƾҲҽа壬ھ֪֪֮Ĳ྿ж󣡡
䣡
ħһӳˣһɲǼ䣬ضҡڷ֮ڵҲܵ˷ڴھҵĲҲܵһִĵµ
ʱܵ˸ղħĴܵ飬һжôֲ飬ֱ˾
ǺôзڵĻɽıղħֱƷƣָоֱ˿ֲ
ɽڶҡħÿһĿɽҵҡ˺ɣȵħߵ˷ڸǰڵĻɽó֣ͻᵱ
ʱ򣬳ƷˣһħǰһԶҡڻɽĿֲɾˡ
죬նħ
ƷЩĺһ仰ֱ۳һץ
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Ǹǡݵ
ϳˣǷɽڵķݵ
һطѹһаĴصľ廯
˵һط˵ǷǳǳҪġ
طͷ˳ûʲôѣûĵطܿͻɽˮӣ֮ҲմȾ
νɽˮ񣬾˼
ǿĵطϻ㣬Ų
֮ѡ˷֮ţȻҲǿйϵ
ȻԴӷڷ֮󣬸ָǿĵӲܿʹ֮ӱΪ¼ʮ֮һ
ڣƷôǽٻ˳
Ϊıа֮Ƕų⡣
Щħ߶ռˣȻܵ޴ų⡣
̺֮Ŀֲһħܵ˾޴ѹ
ãһֱҲڵԹԵʹóձһڳû䣡
ħû˿ĺ£෴ģϻ¶˷ܵ顣
ԭڵ֮£ػΪһ壬رı飬˵ֺ
ס˵Ĺؼ
ȻڲͬˣΣ˵⵱ȻǷǳΣյģͬģҲһǧѷĺûᡣ
ֻҪھ޷֮ա
ҪҲÿûˣգҪħƷ߸ϣͬһץһžȻлһڳ
Ϊá
ţƷһնʱѣ


2377 һͳͳ
һȳѣ
һᴩغɨ˷ԭһħķҲһ֮£նơ
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ڱըɲǼ䣬һһУĿ֮ͳͳһ֮£ʲôħ壬ͳͳһ֮£նɱ
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һӳħΪޣв֪Ŷ򾳣벽ĸ߽ħ塣
ͳͳΪޣ
ÿµһʦүĺôʱ˾ͽ˸ղųƷ˵ģʦү֡
ԭڲ룬Ʒ˵ĺ־ʲôأû뵽ȻôֲֶΡ
һεħӱ֮ǰΧڵľǿһٱһħħ㹻в̶һٱ
һͱɱ⣡
һڣڰӣ
ھȻĵƣ
ߣ϶Ǹ֮еٮٮߣȻóһԲǳƷƾʵģֶΡ
ƷոճɾߣԲǰµģڳ˳Ʒ֮⣬Ҳֻһߣֶ˭ǰģӹɡ
ڵĿɽʦ
һĻ˶סˣĿɿڴĿ⾪˵ʱǲףʲôи߶ҡ
ΪʲôֲܽΪ̣QʸûС
Щ벽һһĻ
ʵʱ򣬸һ
ħֻ֣»ҪӱչأȫͻĻQ
Ͼе벽һСľͱǿɾ̫ˡ
Щͷһλʮڵŵĸ߲ʱȴǣǵǲֶͬ
ɽŶ˶ȡˣʲô취
һҪɽŶȡһ˫ȭգаġ
һƬžǷڵЩӣһĻһŵùǺ
ЩħǱɱֱ֮䡣
ನɢȥ˿֮ϣһ޴ѷ᳤գǱһնľս
طһʱûа취޸һɱˡ
֮ϣƷҲĳ˷֮ɫΪһзȼһϵѪڳסһġ
׼ȷ˵һʵ󲿷ֶĴάĵģṩһС֣ǲͱˡ
ޱ飬ڿٵĻָģʱѾˣΪʲôĺ֣ڵĿɽʦȴᶼûˡ
Ϊ֮УûߣǸ޷֮Ҳûá
ߣȻܹµֶΣߺͷ֮Ĳ࣬ӹɵġ
Ҫǣܹһն֮ĹâҲһЩղһҲǼġ
Ƿڵˣһֱϵʹã»Ӱڵˡ
һѾܵ
Ʒܹ֮ܵеɢΪһʧԼϡ
㾹Ȼң
ŭԶ
һϷ׷׿ȥȴԶһħʮǱĳ˵ǰ
ԭС룬ԼҲС屻ɳȥһֱֻͬ屻ɳȥѪֻѪҺҲѰɫīɫһ޶
һˣˣȴȻ
һɹɿֲϢڲϵı
ԴΪ֮󣬻δйôǱʱ򣬲һڹؼʱȫеķһֵΪȡɲǼʱ䣬㿪һ
ʱѾһ֮¡
ԴΪ֮󣬻ͷһô
뵽ŭҲƲסˡ
Ȼû
ƷĿһħȴҲûнϡ
˵ԭһħʵڳƷ֮ϣеƷҲܹ֤Աʤܡ
Ȼȴͬˡ
ԷѾشʵȫȫһս
Ҫɱ㣡
һħŭգѾʧȥǡ
ħͬһ޴Ĺֱÿһħͬһɽֱʡ
䣡
սһһħħֱӳųƷɨ
ƷҲָȭȭڷڣֱһȭ
¡
һȭ˰oֱӵ˳ƷǰЩͳͳΪޱo
ƷҲʱ򣬶ˣ
һ˲䣬Ѿһħǰⲻٶȿ죬ǿռƶ


2378 նɱħ
Ʒ˲Ƶ˶Էǰһȭ
ȭᴩգִȭ񷶼˺ѳ˾޴ѷ죬Ȼһȭ䵽һħǰ
һħǷŭӶŽʣµһֱۣͬһȭ
¡
˫ײͬ˱սһ޴ĢƻǻĢȫɢ
ΪĢеͬʱٶȳ֣ղһʤ
䣡
䣡
䣡
һδοµײضɽҡ
ףΪʲôϹʱĩڣʲǸʱܹһʱûˣ֮սѾ춯أǻ֮սָǺεȿµľ󣡡
ѣ
۷׷ףпڳƷʵ֮ǿ
ʱ˷֣֮ϣ֪ʲôʱԶԶĶ۾
֮ǰڷϷһֻ۾һֻû¶ôѹ
ߣҲڹսһ֮ս
ϾˣЩ۾ˣԵĴ֮еһЩߡ
һսϵش
ϵƷ½ܹվȽŸϾƷΪһ֮еһͻƵĴڣȻᱸĿ
նɱЩ콾ǵƱѹȥ£ܹ֮ʱ
Ʒʤʣ̼ЩŴ콾У
νǣһȫ
ƷȻҲһЩ־Ľ٣⣬ҪĿ֮£Լϡ
䣡
䣡
䣡
һδηĴսڱΪߵѾĻڵֶΣֻԭʼҲֶΣһʮᡣ
Լʵɱ֡
ɣأħһͻȻһ˳ǹǹɢһ˵ħһ˵ħֱƷŶ
ȵľʱڳƷΪѾûбֶεʱͻȻʩչܹ˵Ч
ƷûָȻӼסһ
˿һĻֱëȻǿǿһȻô׵ıסˡ
㡭ħסˣųƷ
㻹ûвôڲϵļʵڲϵ˥ңڲϵĻָУƷЦЦɲǼ䣬һ޴һӾͽħС
ħʱѾʶˣԼղűɱסл뿪ģ޲ɱƷʧȥĻᡣ
ԣ׼ȷ˵ǱƷƭˣƷΪпܻɱƷ
ȻһжǼ
ƷûҪ뿪
סƽ־ˣ
ǿɲǳƷ
Ҫɱɱʹ죬Ҫննɾ
ڵ㣬ԭʮ֮һĹôƷЦһֱһץȻһħǹץУħȻղסڴƴ˳Ʒ֮¡
ǹ֣Ʒ̻Ϊһϵսһ˲䣬Ѿħ
ħƷţٶԶûиղŵĿ죬ٳƷ֮˺ѿռߡ
ڳƷ֮Уߡ
ǹħᴩݺݵĶ˴֮ϡ
ϱҵľ𶯣һԲĿֲӡ
ħڴ֮вŭҪ
ڸо˿־壬ϵһ˵ٶţٲܰħǹˡ
ħǹܹձߵû뵽еȴԼ
һ̣Ʒ俴ħ֮ǰеĴսеһжǼ󣬶ڲ֣ʵսֻһУͽˡ
ƷҪһ֣һԴ֮ɵĳϣתۿžҪֱնȥ
أһɿֲѹһħҪֲѹ
ס֣
һѹҪʵʻ赲ڳƷǰ
һħ
Ʒƺħ֮еĴҪ١
ħԺݿ⣬Ȼֻһߣۿһ߲סˡ
ͬʱ֮дһ
һ֮ϸ֣һ˽֮֮ħɢǼҪٵħҲֹռ䱻ӹ̣˺ѿռǰ
ˣ
Ʒж˳ܹ˽ĴĻʳҲΨһˡ
ЩħкԮȻҲǹһս
նɱⲣع˼ɣ
Ʒд
˵ͷг͵һնȥ
ͣ
ħͷ­նɳȥɴ۾ţȻַʽĻ


2379 
һǿħĻ
Ϣһҹ֮䴫£Ϊ֮𶯡
֮ǰƷնɱͬһ߿Ƶʵϡ
֮еٮٮߣ
Ϊ֮ƣѸٽƷ½߸ɨƽ
˭룬Ƶħ½ϳһնɱ
ŸոշѾնɱƵߣֱ޷찡
ҷ·ѾܹЩŴ콾ŷ׷׿֮ĳˣ
ʲôǿƣǿƣ֪ħıվħ壬˵ɱɱˣ
һʱ䣬¼ͬը˹˶ˡ
ʱƣ֪ϸڣΪڵ֮УȻаĵ̶𾪡
ʮʮȻĵƣǽһնħû˻֪
˭С˳ֻҪڣ¾ǾҲǰòɣ
һս׵춨˳ƷϣͬʱҲ춨˷ڵĵλ
ڵȻᲢۡ
˿ƷǿƷҲԤ˽һԵʱ
ֽ׶Σ֧£һδЩһ͵ĹŴ콾Ƿ׷׿֮
綼ᷢ츲صķת
ϾЩ඼Ѿ˰벽ľ磬Ҳ۷壬Ҳֻʱˡ
Щͬһݷڻδͻʱ򣬶ݷ
ãʱ򣬼ЩŴ콾ȽϸߵҲıԡ
Щ͹Ŵ콾ͬͬ壬ȫԣͻ⵽ķԡ
ȻЩħͬҪݻµЩɳǱǵɱ
֮ǰϹս֮սѾϹۻľʧ룬½½Щ־ϵΧɱĿոռʱѾֻʣ֮һ
ʧ֮¶Ϊ֮Ŀ
һһǸŵıȫԴ콾Ǽ֮Щ˾͸ݽһ
ʱʱľʹȥһ
֮Уκһ˵һʱ콾
˰̾Щƽҫ֮콾Ƿ׷ײµҲ
ЩɶзǱӣ
ȻȴиȻʶˣڴŴ콾֮ʣµЩŴ콾һ˵ٶȳɳ
ԶԶʷ֮мصЩŴ콾ĳɳٶȡ
Ÿոռ꣬Ѿƽ˷ľ硣
ǳ֮ǰǣĸǾ콾ҲûУûһ˾˵ٶȳɳġ
뵽ˣͬһ㣬Ȼ̣ʣģǿ׳ǿġ
ԭ˷Դһ˶ռУɳٶܲˣټǾ˵츳ЩݷľڷɵĹؼ
ݻħֻ֣ܴڽֵ״̬廹ĥħʵܾˣʱ򲻽ǽħߣ帲
һЩ콾ǳɳʱˣ
ƷħһսҲ˶ˣǰ֮¶ϣ벻ڣûκ塣
ڣƷǿ˵ע⣬Ҳħжд̡
ãóƷħעΪȡʱ䣡
ڱչصĳૡ
ҳʱ¶ҪҵĽ£
ҳ߽
ȳĳƷӦûΪ˵жд̣Ϊ˺޲ó֮֮ˡ
Ȼħǿѹ֮£˶ϣƷΪĿ꣬תħע
̶ʱڣһսѾ£Ⱦ˾֪
Щ˵Ǵĺ⣬Ұڷ絲꣡
ڣƷڣƷЦЦ
ЩȻĻΣ̫ˣվס˵ġ
Щʵ̫թˣ
ִȭ˵
һΣƷ֮󣬵ǽһȺԼĸѣͬ˼һ˹
ⲻʲôľַش֮⻰ǲ٣ҲÿħûˣƷ˵֪Լ϶Ϊħжд̡
£ѾҪ˼ǸЦ
Ұȡ㹻ʱ䣬ʱ϶ƽϣǼӿٶȣƷǿųŵ˵


2380 꽲ʮչ
ЩǳƷ֮ԵΪԺĵһȺˡ
ڵЩ˶һ㡣
ƷǷڵȻڵҲ׵ĵµԴ
վģδҲû˼ʲôڵ
ĺܴ󣬷װ£
ڣлȸ񣬺ޣʮˣԼ˼ꡣ
Щ˼ͳͳܿ磬ǽһɿֲ
Ͼʮߣпʮߣֻһ룬Ҳһʮ־˵ˡ
ʲ֮УҲһʮ־˵
˵ڣ
Ʒôһ˵ʱ׳Ʒ˼Ҳмּû˲
ϾͲȫ£Ҳȫ硣
ûзĴս岻֣һԵʱߣðͷʸûС
һὫһЩźһЩעȫǣӦ̵ܹʱͻƵƷ˵
һչʮ꣬ʮ֮ǰǰһὲǷ֮ϣҳصʱǶѾߣƷ˵
Ҳ֪һʱڣǶ֮ڳ˥֮Уÿʱÿ̵սЩŴ콾ûȫͻƵ֮ǰķǰ
ǺһԿ
һˣΪ£ҪΪȡ㹻ʱ䡣
ƷҲˣȻѾ͸վһߣЩʱӦҪеΡ
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ʦһңɽ˼˶٣˵
ȱż֮ٷңɽӦҲ󣡡
Ʒֱӿ˵
ţã
˼˵ͷųƷжϡ
ԴӳƷʦ̬ȶˣ֮ǰȫͬ
֮ǰڳƷҲ̸Ͽϻ߿ϣ׼ȷ˵Ǹں
ںʸûС
ǶСֱ֮Ĵ֣ƷзǱȻǱҲֻǱʲôǱ״
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ڳƷնɱħȻ֮ڴƷٽɱħʱ
ƷֹͣһͷĶҪڷڿ
ҪֻҪͷйϵ򾳸ֶǰ
µģףҲ˷ʱ䡣
ȻֻԷԼ丽ŵĸҲ˿ʮۺˡ
ǺܶҪҪóƷҲƷȻͳͳܾˣҲҳƷ鷳
Ͼ֮ǰƷ׾ٵĽЩ벽ʰ˵飬ǵڻĿأôȥ
ϾһѰ·ˣ
ǿߣѵΪô
ܿ죬õϢһɸ־ͷ׷ǰ룬Ȼ֮࣬Щڷĵ̣Ҳ֧ŷʮ֮һĵ̡
Ʒ˵ҲǺͿʼһʼʱ򣬽Ļ򾳵֮
Ͼ벽ϸ˵Ҳ򾳵ķ֮ڡ
˺棬Ϳʼ֮
زҲͰţʸƵȼ벽ܹöЩ򾳺۷ĸֶѾɵˡ
ѹ浽׽ʲô
벽۷Ѿһֻſڴһ죬Ȼֻһ죬ȴҲܹĶһĨڡ
ԳƷǽĶһĨڣ۷ĸƴڼһЩòˣԺ˵Ҳϡ
ͨ򾳸־ûô뷨ˣܹ취ͻƵ벽˵
˵̫ңԶˡ
гƷҲ׵ĺܣҪҲǷǳѵġ
˵Ǹܵģ
̫ˣ
ʱ䣬˼꣬ţʸƵ˶мջǳƷһͬеʵļ䣬ҲǾӸµĽǶȣݽ겡
һƷܸİ취ƣסһӡ
һƣҲһĲֵˡ
ʱȥҲųƷĽɽӦеĳѲߵ֮⣬˶˻ȫͻơ
֮󣬵һ仯ˣԭѾ۷ķ˾ͽ˳˰벽
ȻĴ֮У벽ԶǿƣҲӷڵĵ̺ʵ


2381 ʦĴֱ
˾ͽ۷Ѿܶ꣬һֱûܹ벽ڽɳƷ˳Ŀ˰벽
ˣû˾ͽôģҲٶвٵĽ
¶һֱչ֮С
ʱ򣬳Ʒ˽˷
һԭֻܹĵط
ڳƷ˾ͽ֮£һؾ֮С
ﱾֻĵطȻȴʤţ
˾ͽ˵
˵ţһ֮Уһţ֮ڣһûм硣
һƬǳ硣
һС棬ԿһǳĳһĹС
ָоǳ𺳣·һϵӽڿһһ㡣
ƷҲʮֵ𺳣оĹ켣˵ԣ˵Щĳֹе壬ʵǴ֡
ǳеĹ
˭µģôֱʣƷм𾪵˵
ʦүĵǰֻܹ򣡡
˾ͽ˵
ҾЩ˷ˣΪǿҲǰ벽ﲻÿܹ֪Լ飬ȫĲ򣡡˾ͽ˵Ҳ룬ʦүԭǣܹ֮ﵽľܹȫеķ򣬲ʦүĴֻϧǺﲻФûܹͻƵؾ˷ˣ
ʦүӣľţܹͻƵҲŽӦöǺаģ
˾ͽųƷ˵
Ʒǰȥȴǳм䣬һӰ֮ϣʱ
һһۣɷǵߣƷһ۾ϳˣǷڵĿɽʦ
׼ȷ˵С֮ڵǳȫΪĽתģ˵ѾΪСеںˣֻҪԴԴĲСܹԴԴϵתȥ
⡭ƷЩˡ
ԭܼ򵥣ΪǷĸ֣ҲĲֻܹ࣬ࡣ
˵Ƿĸ֣Ƿʾĸ֣ӱ˵ҲһģֻʱĲͬѡ
ʱƣĶḯ࣬ӿɽʦڶˣʬıҲʱĸࡣ
⿪ɽʦòƷܹ֪̺
ʱˣڵĿɽʦǻˣСĵӶסࡣ
ֻҪ粻ҲͲ
ҲһˣֶԼϣ־ֻʣһЩϣûκθ顣
Ϊ˺ܹвʦүȴôˡ
ƷҲòʤ
ϧķڵôĵ֮оȻûһܹͻƵΨһһϣĻʸҲѡԷ⵽˵
һֱطװ׿ţûа취õá
ڣֵƷʹã
ԻΪǳֻҪܹеĴʵܹٵͻͽ
˾ͽųƷ˵
Ʒ˵ͷ˵ˣ
ţаɣ뿪ˣ
˾ͽ˵
Ʒ˾ͽ֮˷ڵĿɽʦǰ۾һƬС
׼ȷ˵ѾڵĿɽʦˣڷڵʦк־װֻʣһЩ֮ͺ֮еĹҲûʲôֱˡ
ֻǴĸŴתô
ƷеĴƬ֮䣬С֮еת֮ӡ˳ƷԺ֮С
Խ򣬳ƷԽܹܵеĴжôĺ嫣һǳҲǳƷ֮ǰûôӴĴ
׼ȷ˵ֻϵĸֲܹӴĴռʲô޷⣬ܹǳء
ÿһǳͬй켣̺Ĵ
ĳƷǳתĴ˽ԶˣһģĹȻʼˡ
Ҫ֪ԴһͻƵ֮ΪҲûʲôĽˡ
ΪѾ֮ǰĻȫȫķѵˣ֮ǰܹôͻͽȻһֱµĻӵĵ̡
ڣҪֵ̣ܹһٵ


2382 
ʱ䲻ˣֻڶѣ
֮УһֳɳڣڣڣԼ۷壬ĸΡ
һͷͨڡ
Ʒе۷壬ֻ벽ܹڡ
֮ͬǰƷɱһħڵĴ֡
ʵѰ˵֪Ҫǿ϶٣׾ٵĻڵĸ֡
ǳƷشʵʣµĻ۷ʱʮ֮һŻᱻƷ׵Ļɱ
ǳƷΪӪԷĻҪɱԷǷǳףǸܵ顣
ڣƷҪԵĸ֮лԼĻȨڵΪԶԶġ
ȻڵΪڵĸҲԶʤܣЩڵĸ֡
ǲԽǲԽ
Ĳ࣡
ƷһһĸǳûһռתĹܹӳƷڿռ
ƷܹܵڵʦһΪȷʵףѾһֻſ˷ľ磬ٮٮеٮٮߡ
һ˸ûĴڿ⡣
£Ʒʵÿһ㣬ڿռҲһ㣬ʵۿɼٶڽ
֮Уǲ˼ġ
еǧѵġ
ʱ䣬һһĶɹգۼ䣬ƷչصʣҲɹˡ
ռ֮УƷ͵һ۾˫֮б˺ƽ𶷵Ŀֲ⡣
еһжڷӿ֮ͬ£ͳͳΪС
ˣƷͻƣԭڵ۷壬һͻƵڡ
ս˺üͻƿ֮󣬳Ʒǿ˺ü
ٶҲܵ޴ơ
ֻڶ̶̵ʱ֮ڣѾ˾޴ͻơ
ʱٺһͷսĻܼ֮ھԽԷ
ʵϵľ޴࣬ԭʵͱǿĶ࣬ڱȻǿ̫ˡ
һħҲԷԿ㲻ڵĵ̣ҲԷȫˣڱԷɱ
ʵȻģȻģĿǰ˵ȻҲûʲôòˡ
֮УоϲģʵͻƵڣǼȻ飬ʺʣͻƵڼ˳£˳ˮ۵顣
ϲǣڵĿɽʦС֮ڣȻеء
ҲǷĵơ
֣ԼȻܹĵؼʱ䳤֮н
Ҳ˵ʱھӵзڿɽʦΪ
֮ǰǸһǲɳ־ãֻܹʱڽʦĵӶӵоΪ
ǷڵʦүıֶΣǴڷδΣյʱʹã˭֪ﲻһͻƵ˷ĶûУȻֲ˷ڵʦүĺ֡
һֱû֪ȻֶΣ
һֱƷͻƵ˷֮ܡ
󣬳ƷʵǳǿѾټϷʦүĵƷǿᵽεȵز¶Ժߡ
ֻĵҲҪķģôĻ䣬һ״̬
һ֮Ͼͻᱬ
ֶΣ¼䣬һʲôµģƷЦһ֮ǰͬ
ΪȻӾˣȴֻܹڷڸʹã뿪˷ڸûа취ʩչǾ춯صһˡ
ֶΣȴȫκεطʹá
£ڵϣҲûʲôµģȫȫԺͶԷһսսʤ֮
ʱȺۣоԵġ
лʦ裬һһʦ𣬳Ϊµһģ
ƷҾ˵
ܹܵһɷһ˲֮УеĹâʣƺ˳Ʒʳһ
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ܿ죬ûжãһ
˲ǱˣǴ̫ξ
ֻǴʱĴ̫ξмƣʮʱսûֹͣʱûгƷܹߵĴڣѹʵ̫ˡ
̫ξ
Ʒ˹ֿ˵
񣬲ؿ̫ξ˵


2383 УòΪ
̫ξǰ֪Ϊ£Ʒ˵
ҿżɽ˵ˣǰֻΪһ飬ϣõһϣ
̫ξֱӿ˵
ֱԣֻҪģһƴǣ
Ʒ
ܼ򵥣ʮ֮ǽһжչħɱ̫ξ赭д˵
ϢһȥȻҪµĺ䶯ڴ̫ξĿУȴ·һ΢Сһ
Ϊʲôʮ󣿡Ʒʵ
ΪҪʱ䲼֣̫ξ˵ʮԤʱ䣬ʱϣܹ֣ΪǾһ
Ʒ־㵵飬Ϊ֪˵巽Ѿ޿̵ĳ̶ˡ
һҪһô򵥡
ʵǿħҪ壬ûа취þȫҪķ˵£ħĴս£ٳ궼
иֵ˵Ҳر𳤵ʱ䡣
ֱĵ̺ľΪֹħ֮гһħʲпٶȻ壬ռݡ
Ŀǰȴûļ
巽濴ʶˣôȥģֻ塣
۵̣ʵֻǿϾǶԿħ磬Ȼв
ħ岻죬巽濪ʼżˣΨһ
ѵǲǴȵЩŴ콾Ϊ֮󣬲չôƷʵ
̫ξ˵ˣҲ֮ߣȵǸزĵ̻ᱻĵʲôزδܷסݶδ֪֮£
ңȥħ磬ħ֮Уͬһ콾ڳɳǵ콾Ҫ
̫ξĻóƷҲɵһ£Ϣȥ»¸嶼ʳѰ
֮ԻôĿħȫ壬´ݺЩδɳĹŴ콾
һȫɳƾЩԽǸϳȥ
Ȼһ֪ħ֮ͬһ콾ڵųɳϾͻը˹
Ϊ˶ô룬ǲҪһֲ
̫ξ
УòΪܵħЩ콾ͻƵȴǵľһ³
Ʒ濼һ£˵û⣬ʲôʱ򶼿ԣ
ʮø㹻ʱ䣬һ
ȻˣҾȸˣ
ʱ̫ξֱӿ˵
˴̫ξ֮½ֽ˱չ֮УҪȡһеʱԼͻơ
ڽֻڣԶԶ
һϢڵʱ򣬼ƷڱչҲòˣΪûбѡ
ħΧңɽ˵кĶ߳ûǿϢ𶯶
ԽԽϢһǿħ֮⡣
˫˾սʵȻ޷ͻһħ
Ǵ̫ξԳ֣ȴ⣬һ֮С
һθĬжĿֱָңɽ
̫ǿˣնְʱ򸶳ˣ
кǿ˵
һƬŭգƷոն֮󣬲ŸոھȻҪǵĽ֡
ڸĸ߲֮Уͬкܶߡ
Ͼ׷ߺͰĽ߱鲼ʤ
ۿħҪһսƽңɽʱЩ˶˳
ȻҪ֣ȴħֶû
ڣƷڡ
Ʒ˼˵ĶԻ
Ҫȥʦ𣡡
˼꿴ųƷһ˵
֣
Ʒǳڻȥܹʲôħ岻ֹһȻѾǰ벽۷壬ǻһƴģ
Ʒߣ֪Ŀ£ÿ˶ܸ漣Ҫ漣ֻ
ˣʦڱңɽҲĿΧʦܣ
˼Ŀ˵
㲻ȥ
Ʒ˵ȥʱΨȥܹʦ𣡡
ȥ˼꿪˵
Ʒ¶ЦΪһǳʦȥô˵ֻǳʦȥģ
˼걻Ʒôһ˵ϱ뵽ʲôĪǳģ
Ʒĵ˵ͷǶңɽΧڵô˭⻹˵ұΪ۶ڷ֣ˣҪģң


2384 ɱ֣ӣ
ԭƷΪϾǴĻҵĳΧôܲȡ
赲֮⣬Ȼ˲ϣȥԮ
Լ̫ξȻԺԺȺʹĻҹϵеס
֮⣬вòȥȵģҲֻһǾǳƷˡ
ϾƷңɽŮҲ˾֪顣
ƷҲóǳġ
һ壬ƵĳƷòȥԮ
ʮƷڷ֮ڱչأҪԳƷ޼ƿʩҲֻóһˡ
ƷѡԹۣȥԮôҲԼϷңɽγ
ңɽǴĻʳڶĺڣҲͬһ㶨ס˶ľơ
ңɽγǶħ˵Ƕں˵Ƿǳġ
һһ˫֮ƣ
͸ȥˣ̫Σˣ
˼Ͼͷ⣬Ȼʦ𣬵ҲĿųƷȥ
ƷɵȻһЦģǵıұҪǵı£ôɱңҲÿмＸˣ
аգ˼Щɻʵ
Ϊʮǰ׹ôƷһЦ˵ͷİɣǱȥȣȫͻƵսﲻæ
˼룬ջǾųƷͬʱҲоԼΪı벽Ҳֻǰ벽Ҫ뵽µԣſɣûκ塣
˼չء
Ʒͷһֱ˺˿ռ䣬Ѿǧ֮⣬ٶ˺ѿռ䣬ǳǧ֮⣬Ƭ֮ѾңɽΧ
͵Ʒһμʱ˼ɾʱȫͬңɽΧʱѾΧ޾ƴĹңɽΧ硣
Զ޾֮Уһ֧֧ľڼᣬһɹɿֲϢݷУȻΪٵİ벽ĸ֡
Ȼһ̵ְ
Զи壬̽ӣ˶õңɽ֮սĵһϡ
ߣ
ƷһߣһֻץӭǣɲǼ䣬һֻɫ֣ħץ˹ȥ
䣡
һɲǼ䣬ħͱץʮ
ֻǼ򵥵һѡ
ôĵӣƷ
أһȴţһֻ͵һӼֱ̤ӳųƷ̤
Ʒֻ俴һֻ̤Ĵţһһֻûܹ̤Ʒϡ
ֱһűתƵԱߣȻֱӲȽ˺Ĵ֮С
һžֱʮĺ
һʱ䣬һƬȻ׷ҪǸħս
Ҳǵĺ߿ڣƷôҺ忪սô
ƷЦЦǲôβһ֣һˣ
Ǻ߳Ĭˣ˳ƷֻǲԸħǹᱻƷŭ
Զ̽ӿĿɿڴ
߳ôǺεȿµʵȻ׾ٵɱ¾ʮ
˵Ʒ½ߣҿʵƵ˿ֻиǿ
һսħҪԼĿģҿҲûô򵥾Ϳɣ
۷׷֮ʣϮɱƷˣ¶˱Ŀ
ȻһɽһӴȻ
ħ֮еľħһ塣
֮ǰŸոձƷնɱһħھðһߣȻЩħ֮еǿȺÿǿ
ĻܹħǿʳĻ֮档
ǾħƷʵ
һεľħɱָĴˣɱ㣡
ħ˵
ԭǸﱨ𣡡ƷЦһƾһˣ»ԶԶģ
ǲ壬òֻһɣֻһĲɱģ
ԾħƷ磬ٲȻħ
ħ޴¶ŭݣݺħһѷ֣ʲôʱȻСزˣֱд
Ʒɱߵʱ򣬾ӦԤϵһˣ
أʱһǵأյħ˵ǰ
һħͨڣԶԶȥ֪ɳ˫Ѫ޴ͷĶס˳Ʒ
ħƷЦһĶԩ·խ
֮ǰɱһħԶԶǰһٷ֮һûС


2385 ҿжǰ
һµħĳ֣Χ˶ɵõһ
ЩħȻǰʮݵսҲǵ󣬲ȱЩҪˡ
ÿһߣ˶ܹһ˵ǵֻǶǵʵ˾ͲˣϾּĸ˵κһν֣˵ͬڿһͿǿ
Ȼǲ֮ʵĲ࣬Ҳܹóһɱ֣ھѾħ֣Զкеߴ
Ҫˣ
ħһ˫޴۾ĶųƷ
ңҿ㻹ʸ񣬻ûˣƷ˵˵ħ֮࣬Ӧòֻôɣ
Ʒ֮˸ź˵ľ⣬ȻҪսǾսʹ죬һٽЩ˳͡
һ֮Уеǵģ
ԶһӰ۵糸һ˵ǰȴһ˫ͨڣ˺ɫƬħ塣
ħ壡
ħ
һħ֮ǿȺߣߣִȺİ벽ߣ
ȻˣǾͶɣƾֻ»ҵĶ֣
Ʒ˵
һԵĳ֮ȷʵ˲ã䣡
ʱӺзӳһӰ̤֮ϡ
һħ岻ͬȻΣȴֱֻۣͨɫͬżΪ˵ѹ
Ǻħĺħ
Զ֮̽ϳӰħ֮кħô
ħ֮Уͬд󺣣ħĴ֮һ壬Ǻħ塣
⺣ħħ֮ͬԺգݴţֹһλħ
ʵϣħ֮и嶼ֹһλħĻҲȫѹݡ
һһĶԿ
ȫôƷֶⲽ
㲻ָܹȵ㣬Ϊѱǵħò˶ãͻᱻһ̯Ѫˮ
ħ˵
ƷȥȻңɽ⣬ڲħ֮Уȷʵôһڲϵת
ǺôֱʣȻҪңɽˣ
ƷЦһ˵
ɱ֣㲻Ҳˣˣܲˣ
ħ˵˵
ұΪ㲻ûйһһ˵ͷеħЦЦ¶һżݣͬʱ¶̵ֲ顣
ϲе˺ƬˣħЦ
ǳԶˣƷЦЦǲѹڣΪΪնɱôΪߵĵأ
Ʒһ۾ͿǵĴ㣬ƺҲھʲô
һħ߳ĬȻҲĬˣƷһشһλߣ㽫һߺɱ
սһħɱ
ֳ棬ҲΪ֮𺳣µڣܼɵ
ڼȻƷ뿪˷ڵķΧǾûʲôµˡ
ͬʨʧȥצ
ȻʱĳƷ̸ϺöԸȴҲ߱вǵˡ
ΪˣǲŲżΧƷ
Ϊ֪ƷȲԮеԮᱻ棬ʮֻ꣬ΪɱƷô᲻ܡ
㻹ڵʲôڵԮôϧȲκԮħЦЦ˵ԮˣΪҵȵĶô
ħżȵţųƷ»̡ܷ
ȻħҲһ뷨
ƷֻǵһЦ˵ΪڵԮô
ôħЦ
Ʒҡҡڿ׻жǰ
˵
ħЦɲǼ䣬Ͷˣһ˳ǹ̤˶һ˲䣬ֲ춯أضźѪΪ֮
һǹĿֲâͬһͬˮкһϯϬΪֲ
Ʒָȭһȭ
¡
ɲǼ䣬ѣضŲȭͷֱӺ䵽һ˳ǹ֮ϡ
˫ײƵϼ⣬ǵضԶԶȥΪ£Ķǡ
Ʒ⺣ħս⺣ħʵȷʵǿߺڵΪʱƷƾֿȭȴԷԿ
Ȼһ˲䱻ѹסˣռϷ硣
Ҳûܵļ
㾹Ȼڣħע⵽ˣƷǴеڵΪֻڶ̶̵ʮʱ֮УȻͲڡ


2386 ɱħ
ĽȲν죡
ǿ֮ĸͻû˼ʮ꣬ϰʱ䡣
ƫƫƷٶȾ͸˻һֱ
ѾֻԴܹˡ
뵽ߵ֮в˸׹⣬ƷԽǿ󰡣Խǲɳ
Ʒֳ츳̫ǿвħһٸһЩʱ䣬˵ħһҪƷ
ԼҪƷˡ
ȻҲᴦĻǵҪƷˡ
ΪҪƷ׵׵Ĳ
ڣĵôħЦԼѾȫץ׼˳Ʒ
֪˳ƷĵƣҲûʲôµˡ
һڣ۸۸ָոͻƵûʲôһսǲѰ·ô
䣡
䣡
䣡
Ʒ뺣ħ֮սѷָ£ȻռƣȴҲû˿ơ
ֻôǿеˣ
ħ죬¶һڼ˵
ӴʱƷչֳʵȻ뺣ħһսʵ˵ʵ̫ǿˣǿеգˡ
ǼȻûг֣ʵѾռݣ֮ƣƷΧסʱƷҪߣҪ˵Χ£ѡ
ϾֻڣսҲȷʵܴ󣬸ܹ֧ŵģħڣӣսԲǧ˶
֪кܶ̽̽⣬ǵ죬һȥ
ȾħǿûЩˣô֪ħǺεȵǿ
ǸǿϣĳƷҲħʲôֶΣھԵʵǰûκ塣
ŰΧ֮УƷ뺣ħսѾﵽ˰ȻĽ׶ΣħһһˮԷһˮѹ졣
ƷoסͨɢŽ⣬·ǻƽɵoһ
ӵʥõĹâѹЩˮԵķ
ƷתŹϵľģɨһǿУ̬޵УÿһǾ춯أ˸񣬴Щ߶ҪΪ֮𺳵Ŀֲһ
ͬʱͷɽӶҲ˳ͷϵתס
ܹͺħս·Ĺؼ
ܺħʲôĹܹɱĹȴ޼ɵĺ䵽ħϡ
ˣֱս֮УûͣЪʱ
Զ˴ʱ֮Ľ棬µĽ棬˫ǳۡ
ɱɱضž
ʱ˶סˣˣҲ룬Ʒֵܹڣڿڵڡ
Ϊ¶ҪףƷһضں¡¡𶯣ѾΪԭİ벽
һеһУѾȫͬˣ
ħ죬ҾҪ·
Ʒһأһӡȫ£пֲϢһͷ˳
һӳſֱӳȥǧһӾͽħֽС
ʲô㻹ħû뵽ƷȻһӾͽ˽ȥʱҲչԼˮҪƷ࿹⡣
ֻһ˲䣬˳Ʒ򻯳ǳ
Ʒ֮УΪһƬ֮
һ˲䣬ȴƷ֪ʲôʱץһһڳһͽˡ
򱻳Ʒ׾ٵпһӾͳ嵽ǰһ
ɲǼ䣬Ѫ裬˴֮С
֮ʳЩħľѪΪֱӱÿһѪǧͬһɽһء
и̷ħľѪͱűˣʣµܹҲħѪȾ˺ħޡ
һʱ䣬ʳ
ħɴ۾ƺû뵽ԼڳƷǰôôһ
ƷʩʩȻ˳Ŀźħ˵ǵһ
ħ
˶סˣ̫ͻȻˣͻȻˣħӦĵزû֪ƷʱôͻȻһսһնɱ˺ħ
Ʒûй˼𺳵ֻǽħʬɽͼ֮С
ȻĿɨħ
䣡
Ʒ֮еĿֲһӱˣ˲һĵز
˿ƷҲû˸ղŵĴݣ֮пֲŰÿһë֮зڿγ˿µ
ģƷһ㣡


2387 Խ
ƷϵԽԽǿ󣬲Ƭ֮䣬γ˿µķ籩
ں֮ϣһɿµķ籩𣬽Ʒеħ
˶סˣΪͻıʣȫȫ˵
ǳƷɱ˺ħչֳһǿĹ˾úȻ;
µ޵ƣ˲
ʵôͻȻһôࣿ˲еԭֻóƷͻȻʵͻȻ
һ̣̫ǿˣǿᵽĵز
ȻɱѾڵĺħ
Ѷȣ
䣡
ʱ򣬳Ʒһʧһ̳Ʒͬһ㣬˿裬ħߡ
ضһ֮£ˣ
Ʒͬ˼¡
һ̣Ʒˣ˫ͫһƬƣ׼ȷ˵һȷʵѾԼˡ
ڤڤ֮Уڷʦĵһ˲䣬Լʵ֮еľۣҪ֮еľ۵ĳ̶ȡ
ͬķʦһ
ݺµľ֣뵱Ĵ̫һͬƽ޵дڡ
ǿнĵƣõĴǺܶ࣡
ԭҲûʱã
ԵĻԸƣҪҲҪһֱıԸڵϡ
ֻڵûеȵȴȵ⼸ħ
û취ˣҲûʲô𣬼ȻɱңǾñɱ׼ɣ
ƷЦţĻ棬ȵȻ޾ķγɾ˵
ʱƷʵ⼸˶оЩĿֲȻǻƷʲôֶΣŻ˾˵ʵҲ״̬϶ɳá
ʵϣֻҪӳ㹻ʱ䣬Ʒɡ
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ҪƷʵȻ̫࣬ղɱħٻһͶȡɵ˼Ҳ֪ƷʵﵽʲôĵزԸΪ˵̤ʯȥ̽һ³Ʒʵ
Ȼǲ֣Ʒ֣ڽı׶ˣƷҲʱ˵ˡ
սپ
¡Ʒһ̤ξʧԭأһֵ̣ʱѾħ
˲ȭ
Ʒһȭ˵oΧ
ڰУ򷨲֣Ⱦ
һ˲䣬Ѿħ
ˢ
ħӰʧԭأƷһȭֱӴ˸ա
ħγϰٹ֮⣬¶˼Цݡ
ٶħһΪóķյķٶȷ
ֻһ֣죡
쵽˼£
ȻղųƷȳ֣ȴܹڹؼʱ򣬱ܿ⾪˵һ
һӣһѪ˳۾ɵϴΪղӦѾƫ˵ĳƷһȭȻؿڡ
һȭͬһ˳ǹֱӽؿڸˡ
ӱãѪ衣
·ħľѪ£в֪ٵʳ˲ҵĴսޱűиޱתΪ˺ħޡ
ƷΣ֪ʲôʱȻѾ
Ϊܿ˳Ʒⲻ֪Ʒ󣬾뿪һɲǼ䣬Ѿ׷
һȭ֮С
ôܣħȫȫ޷ţԼΪٶȣڳƷǰһ
ԼڳƷһȭǰҲֽͬһ㣬һ
ٶ̫ˣ
Ʒ䵭˵һ֮ȶš
֮⾪ͨĳƷٶ˿ǻûнʦĵ֮ǰٶȱڵħ˿
˵ڣǣں˷ڿɽʦм䣬ٶȾ͸ˡ
ƷջȭͷĶ棬ħӡҪֹסϲʵѪȴ֣˿ϣгƷǿֹ˿ϡ
ƽʱƾ֮ȥ
ڣʱ;
Ҳɿһ¶֧ӣܱǸɱ
ħ֮еǿʳôĿ£
һƷڻ
뵽ʱƴˣ˫֮б˿ֲĹâôѡֱƷƴٶȡ
˲Ƶ˳Ʒ˫ͬצһ㣬ֱӳųƷͷ­ȥ
˭뵽ƷķӦٶȸ죬ֱתȻһȭ
䣡
һ޴ĺħֱΪƷȭͷײֱһһıѿ嶼ˡ
һʱ䣬Ѫ裡


2388 սȫɱ
һߵʵȻ˰壬֪ƷһȭжôĿ¡
һȭܹ֮أض֮
˶ڳƷ⾪ʵ
ħʱڲʶˣ״̬µĳƷǶôĿ£ֱƥС
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һֱҪƳƷǳƷѵͲô
ʱǲ뵽ô˿ֲʵ
Ҳһʱɨ£ûʲô֣ħ֮¿֧ţҲצȫֿʱ䣬ħʵνǺɨ޵С
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ǣ֪ôֵ£ôֵˣȷʵӵ㹻ıǮ
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ǳƷȻ֣ô׷Ź
Ʒʱ䲻ˣħƷסٶٿ죬ϵϳƷٶĿ졣
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ƷɲǼ׷ħٶȣƷû¹˭
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ʱħһλħҲ׷˶ٶȼǸϳƷħ˵ٶȡ
ֻĿųƷһӾ׷ħĽŲ
ħƴˣ֪ʱٲƴһѣԺ¾ûˣΪڳƷС
ȼգȼգͬʱһӾ˵ٶȻָ
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ʱƷĿ£һҪͺħ﷭
ûãƷԵףǳǷʦķ򣬴ʱ˵֮󣬿ʱΪá
Ĵͬһ˳ǹһֱӲ˳ȥһȭħؿڣֱӽƬ
ħҽһΪ౻ƬȻش
źɫĹâǸûа취鵱Ʒһȭ
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ķӡҲǷڵʦģҲԭʼİ汾
˾֮󣬲ŽɵˣǸòӡǸöò
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Ʒ˵Ŀ⿴˾ħħˡ
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䣡
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ƷķӡȥƲֱӺ䵽ħ֮ϡ
ٶ̫ˣ쵽ħûзӦĵزߣ屻ϡãѪ罦˳еķһ֮£׵׵ıˡ
ۣԽ۵ʵ
ħͬ˹һƷͻȻּսŵùǺ
ǴʱûκѡƾƷɱħҲһ
ɲųƷһ
Ψһĳ·סʱ䣬ȵƷ״̬Ųʤ㣬ܹѡ
Ȼ̫С˴ʱƷ״̬
ĳƷֱ˵ɱˣɱ𣬿ֲ
ԼǰľħƷһָһָ֮·ضסˣħ޷㿪
Ǽڻʼս֮ϵһָΪָ˼壬ʩչ֮ضᱻסá
ħҪѿҲһʱ䣬ԣȻûʱ䡣
ƷһָɲǼ䣬Ͷ˾ħͷ­
أ
ħͷ­ըһ飬˲˳ƷС


2389 Ҳɱ
ʱս֮ϣѾֻʣһħħҲѾشˣﻹǳƷĶ֡
ǻֵƷȼֲסĵƷ˷ʦĵ֮󣬾Ȼǿᡣ
ǷʦΪµֶΣֻҲûܹĴڡ
һֱڶֶ֪Ρ
һó˵ʱ
ħðҪߣ
ܵĳƷġ
ߣߵôƷЦһһʵ죬֮ȶ֮Ѿ׷ħˡ
ӡ
Ʒһĳ˾޴ӡ緣ݺݵȥ
أӡͬһž޴ɲǼ䣬ֱħ
ħͱƷˣһֱӴɲǼ䣬ħѾķѣ
ƷƣѾ˼ˡ
ԶΧ۵ˣһĻٿƷֱͬڿһһ㣬ǺεȺ˵ʵεȺ˵
ɱǿ߾Ȼôס
Ҫ֪Щǿ߿ǵһ֮ϵ֣ܹȵġ
͸ˣ
˵ˣǱƷɱǼߣҲûһ뵽ġ
ô׾ٵıնɱˣ̫򵥣Ҳ̫ˣ
˫бȻǼħûг׼֣
˸п˵Щ̽Ҳ׷׵ͷͬ˵
ƷʱоؼĿӸз׷ȥȻЩ·սǷ׷ɢȥˡ
Ҳ⣬һսȻҪΧۣסЩǵĿ̽
أڴʱȴһֻץ˹Ȼֱץ˳Ʒǰħʬף
ȻֱӳħʬģҪ֪ħʬȻҲо˼ֵģԲ˲֡
ҵƷһƣһ˲ͽһֻմˡ
ںһߵȻղžǺһڳ֣ûܹóѣƷˡ
û뵽ǣһ˲䣬Ʒֱ˺ѿ˿ռ䣬һ˲䣬ͳǰ
ʱƷſˣԼǰľʲôˡ
ȴһͺģӣꪣվһͷ޴ĺ޵ͷ֮ϣ㵵ĿųƷ
û뵽ƷȻֱӳɱ˹
Ʒһ˲䣬ֱӳ֣
ָȭ˰˲ȭ˲䳯ӵķȥ
¡
ӱֱӺУ˲䵹˳ȥ
ȫû뵽ƷͻȻ֡
ɳȥʱȻȫ޷ŵģ
ôҳ֣
ʱڣ屻ħ幥ҡҡ׹ôҳ֣
Ʒûô࣬һ֮󣬼ٶɱǰһȪ̤˲̤ȥ
޾ĻȪǵأûһС
ԳƷĿǰΪʩչĻȪ̤͵Ȼͬն
һż̤ȥ̤߱УѪˣµһͷޱȳһѪ⡣
ɱң㲻ͺĴսôߴһ
ɱΣƷ˵˱٣Ҿնã
ƷЦźΪ߾óȻ˱ºôŭܳ֡
ֻҪǻħ໥ģ̵뷨ͲʱóȻ
Ÿں
Ķ쵽˼£ͬһ磬׼ȷ˵ڵĳƷһ磬ɲǼ䣬Ѿ׷˺ߣһĳǹ
ˢ
ǹ˦ɲǼ䣬ֱӶ˲񷣬ֱ߸˺֮С
ȻƬ֮䣬Ѿʧȥ˺ʬҲƷץ
ȵƷ뿪ǽսɵĴ󺣵գкˮ˽
Ʒ֣Χ۵ĸ̽ӶŴˣúɵˡ
ǵߴǳˣ˭뵽û񵽣Ȼôֱˡ
ǸѸײڶ֮Ƹɱˡ
Ʒĵ˵ͷһսնɱ˺üߣǵѪƳɾѪ鵤ÿ԰˼ͻƣǶԽɾѪ鵤ͻơ
ʱһȺҲǳװڵΣˡ
Ʒ½ĿתΧңɽħûг֣ħѾȫɱǴʱﻹ
벽ߵĴ֮£Ѿ֮ززˣǸѪΪûάֶ
Ʒ׷ɱһӣɱ˰ħ֮ʣµħ֮زز֪Ӱ
һ
أһŮңɽ֮д


2390 ۵ջ޴
ƷһϾ֪ˣǳһΣΪ˾ȳ
ƷңɽɽǰһųĽ£̤źţһѾңɽ
һСˮͥԺ֮ڣĶ棬òĳ
뵱ȣûжı仯ʱǵϲۡ

ƷֵȻԺͳƽƽȻ˼ʦ𣬳ƷȻ
ĵ˵ͷƷȻЩпѹƷ
˼һ֮ж츳ģһ֮пͻƳΪߵĴڡ
ŻóƷ䲻˼ꡣ
˼ߣδҵķҲӦ߲Ŷԡ
ֻǺ˼֣ҲǿԼͽܡ
ֻҲ涨ˣҪȫ˼֮ϣǶŮ˽顣
ټϺƷҲֳ˾˵츳Ĳٷԡ
û뵽ǣõ˼껹ûпԭȲôõĳƷȴ
֪ƷڷڵĴֻѰĵմӶǲǣˣճ츳Ҳܿ
ǳƷԴӳѾ̫ೣ棬һҲ⡣
Ʒʱ̫̣ûӦʱ򣬾ȻͿԺԼƽƽˡ
û뵽˻㣡żɽ˵ұΪ֣ұˣǲֻҶʵ㲻ʮ֮Ҳܹɽţ
˵Լţңɽ˲֪꣬Ȼ׾ٵıơ
Ʒ֧Ԯĵ￪ʼϿ˳Ʒ
˼ԭȰˣ
Ʒ˵
Ķԣ֮սߣʲôôΨпſܰһæ
ͷڳƷİʾͬҲˡ
οգ
ҲˣҽħʬƳɵҩʱһ֮ʮ֮ڼɿ
Ʒ˵
ĵҩɴ۾ʮ˵
ѰҩҲеزȻһͨͨҲֻµġ
ҩģҲֻҩһҶѣʵϣҲֻϵĴڡ
ҩȻĵҩĵǱĸ֣Ƴ
¼ַõĵҩ϶Ǵӹǰġ
ҩ֮опɽʦĸַõĵҩҲŰݷãҪһš
ǵδ˵ܹƣЩŴ콾֮˵õУδͻƵ֮п
Ƕ֮ڣǿġ
Ʒͳ˶һ޶ˣţͨƷ˵ʵϣеʼĵҩǻ߼ĵҩһƵĳ
ȷʵֻǻѣ˵Ǿͨǫˣ
ʿһ֤Ĵڡ
ԴĿһ۳ƷȷˣƷ϶дУڵƳ򾳵ĵҩѾǼˡ
оǼΪ˲õġ
ҲûϸǴɻ䡣
ϵ˵ͷ˵ܺãǺ£
ϲճƷĻƶϣ˼Ҳֻʱˡ
һܿͿ˶Ҫһء
֮һǲȣοǿһ󲽡
ĴǺˡ
Գصģʱ˼꼴ͻƵ
Ʒ֪ڵʲô˵
˵Ҫ˵֮˫Ĭһ£ҪƷ۵
ԴΪܹ֮۵ˣ֮£һֶֻĹ
࣬ǲÿһԺƽѡ񲻶ࡣ
Ʒһ±˵ͷ
˫ֱӿʼ۵ڴĸգۼ䣬һʱѾȥ
˫Ž˽
һεĽ˫˵ջǼġ
Ƕڳ˵ˣеߺڣֻ벽ͿԿ۷壬ǿǰš
һû˿ָֻԼǰ
ȻڳƷĳ־ͺһյһ㣬ǰķ
⣬Ʒ׾ٵĽ
еĴҲóƷܵʲôдǧ򣬸
ȻûгƷߣȴҲΪ
˫ջ񶼼󣬸оԼͻƲԶˡ
ǳȲҪʼչأ׼ͻƵ۷塣
ƷֱӸǣطڡ


2391 ǰҹ
һս춯أ
ͬһڣһ䣬ҶѰֳ֮߾ߣߣ֮еٮٮߡ
ȻڳƷǰȴôĴ˵ǲһ
׾ٵɱ
ˣħ巽Ԫˣħ徫ɱ߱ɱʧν
ħ¾һ֣ħ¸߲֪˲٣ʵ̸ǰ㣬λε֡
ƷңɽǳƷͽƷңɽһĨ
˭뵽Ūɳ׾ȻһĴȫ˳ƷУһûߡ
һʱ䣬»ȻŶʱ䣬Ѿߴ˳ƷУ߶ħ֮еߡ
壬嶼ڳƷϳ˴䡣
ħԲ˵ںս֮У˫սδֹͣ˵ħУҲͬǿħС
ԴӼ߼֮ȻıҪζԸƷˡ
뺣ǽҪ𵶱Ϊе߱
Դˣ¶һƬͬģѵʱ侮ʯޱȵķ߿
սͿսбҲɣ
½սͶǾҪħ忪սȵ˫ܾ֮󣬲볡֮ʱ
ǰ볡Ⱥ̵
һʱ䣬Ʒϵǰ㣬δչĵز
෴ģ廹צ¾ڴս֮е塣
Ʒһս£ֱ׷ЩƵǿߡ
Ʒһս˾˵ʵҲ˺ܶ˵ע⣬֮ûʲôܡ
ܿ죬Ʒֶξͱ˽˳
ԭǽ˵
ַڵȻټȴԲǾ޽УҲܹ֪еԭ
ҲˣǳƷʵ˱ֶΡ
ˣ˶ڳƷҲС
֮ȻܹʦĵƷֶ̫ˣ˭֪ʲôֶΡ
ͬʱ־Ϊʮ֮һֶʵ̫ˣնɱߡ
̫ƽµʱ򣬸УԶʮˣʮĿɽʦܹӱʮȻеٮٮߡ
ԶѰ
кֶܶΣڵ˵ž޴
ӳƷոսΪնɱ˶Ϳĳˡ
ڷ֮ĳƷΪ߿һǳ˿Ȼзǳֲв
ڷڵĵ֮У˶ٷϾû֪һ֮նٽ
ֻնһҲҪһߵûҪȥ
οƷߣ߶֮رǿƷʵ㹻˼ɵֵˡ
໥ɵ£Ʒ˷ڣոշطֱ֮ˣչص״̬
꣬Ʒڳء
ոճأƷͽڿ֮еģţ˼һˣڱչعΪ˾ͽһ˹
Ϊ£ЩɻĿ˿Ʒ
ΰǽйֻһ飬ͻƵ߾磡
Ʒ˵
ǵľΪݵλɵ÷׷׺
ǵڣֻһţһȴסǣʮܹ֮ͻƶǷǳˡ
ڳƷȻа취԰ǣ
ǾѪ鵤һ˷һöǿžѪ鵤ҲͻƵƷóһСĴƿƿзŵĶһöһöľѪ鵤
һжʮöľѪ鵤ȫЩ걻նɱƳģЧõһöӾˡ
ͻƣǴ´ࡣ
ˣ˾ͽţ˼꣬ʸƣȸк޽Լʮ˸һö֮⣬ʣö
ƷԺõĵԺʲôͻƵ벽ͿԷ¾Ѫ鵤ͻƵ
Ļڵ͵һǰδеľ硣
˸ԽӹԼľѪ鵤ޱȼ˶ף⵽ζʲô
Ϊ֮󣬾˳ΪӵˣΪ֮һ
Ʒ֮󣬵Ҳ˱չء
һʱ䣬ڶĸ߲ȫ˱չص״̬֮УҲ˲˵Ĳ²⡣
ܿ죬˵עⶼħĸִսסˡ


2392 ڣ
չ֮󣬳ƷϾͽɽͼ֮С
ɽͼڣҩɽ֮ϣѾǧɸߵĲ֮ϣһööεѾ˳ڡ
ɢŨҩ㡣
Ʒժֱһȥ
Щǿ߽ЧȻҲǰδеǿ󣬼һ˲䣬Ʒ͸оԼ֮гһɼΪȵ
һֱŸ߾̶ȥ
ڣ
񣬳ƷѾڣҪͻƵڣȴҪˮĥ
ȴһ˵ٶ
һһ㳯۷̡
չ֮󣬳Ʒʽ۷塣
֮󣬳Ʒǿʼ嵽ڡ
£գۼ䣬ʮʱȥ
ɽͼĿռ֮ڣƷ͵һ۾ɲǼ䣬֮һɿµķ˲ɽͼһڣеķڻ衣
󣬻һ޴ӰģǱˣǳƷԼ
ĵдգֻԼűˡ
ʮĿޣƷڽΪڡ
֮ǰֻǳڵʱ򣬳ƷͿԴչħ·磬ڸǳ۷壬ڡ
ڵΪûн÷ʦĵҪǼڵħҲǺѶȵġ
ԳƷΪڵ֮УѾϾ
ʱƷ˽⵽
֮УںΪձģУ۷ٵġ
֮УλߣȻʵϣҲֻһ۷塣
ڵд̫ξˣҲڡ
ԭųƴĻҵһֵĳҲֻڶѡ
۷壬ԲҲʾĵһ
޷ﵽ۷壬ôж꣬ûκοܹͻƵʾ
˵۷ǻʾĻŽ糹׳͸
ǳҲͨƷ㣬ϣ۷塣
˸ûܣ㣬ߵһÿ˵ĵǶһ޶ġ
Ѿ۷ߵǱԶһ㣬ҲֻԶһѣݽ겡
ǳƷȴͬеʵļ䣬ܶԶѰ˿Ҫ͸̫̫ˡ
ʮʱ֮У¼Ҳ˷츲صı仯
ʮʱ֮УһήħĴѹ֮£Χԭ֮
֮һҵĵ̱ħռˡ
ħʵӸ˵Զ֮ϣݵ߿Կ⣬ƾһ֮׻ûа취ȫ⡣
ħѹ£ƴֿȻ֮һʮʱ֮ˡ
սʤƽԽԽħķб
ԡѪսҲûЧͬħ˾޴ɱˣħ֮ͬѪɺӣ
ۿ峯ŸڴķɱҪʧأܾˡ
嶼ϲԲûżֻ֣Ƕ屣ž޴ѹ岻òƴȫȡʱ䡣
һжͳƷ֮ǰƵĲ࣬ھԵʵռȫ·ġ
ʱƣ˫ĲֻԽԽ
һ㣬˶˾֪Բ˴̫ξƶµǸƻƴһѣ±Ҳκϣ
֮ڣҲڳƷչ֮󣬷˾޴ı仯õ˳ƷľѪ鵤֮һڰ벽ĸʵ˷츲صı仯
ʼ½½ͻƵеһͻƵģ˼ꡣ
ڳƷչ֮󣬲ʱ䣬˼ѾͻƵ
ͻϢ춯أڱչ֮ǰѾ󷨣ټϷ֮ڵ󷨵ڱΡ
粢֪ؼֶһλߡ
˼ͻ֮󣬵һʱ䣬ͱлңɽ֮Уƺбİš
˼ͻ֮һ꣬ڶͻƵľȻΪһֱ֮ĳš
ųϵ˼֮ͻƣΪ
˼ȣŵͻƲŸ÷ϲ
Ͼ˼ңɽŲڵĵӡ
ڳ˳Ʒ֮⣬֮ھȻ˵ڶڷڵʵʣž޴õġ
ڳ֮󣬵ҲˣȻǸողͻư벽˾ͽ
˾ͽȻͻư벽ĻԶʤˣֻ֮ǰһֱû취ͻƣûа취תΪơ
ȫȫΪƣһֱͻƵΪڳƷ֮ķڵ֡
һʱ䣬ӭ˾硣


2393 
˾ͽ֮󣬻ȸһͻıϣͻƵ
Ž񣬺ҲͻƵ
Ψˣʵ͵ҪһأһֱȵǰͻƵ
ٶǿľˣ
ΪЩбƷ֧ͻƵ֮⣬ЩĹŴ콾Ƕڱһ׼ͻơ
ǵĿǰΪֹȴû˵˭ѾͻƵ
ϣƷǵΨһһѾһ֡
ȻǵһȻҲͳ˱ˣ
Щ֮УԼԼ֮ѾʼԴƷΪߣȴֻڷڵһĶֵϣδΪһ
ﰵָƷ
Ͼֻڰһߵģ֮¶û߳棬Ļûκ˸վǰ˵Щ
ҲǳƷЩ꣬նߴߣսƾ춯أ֮еߣսҲûô뺷ġ
ӣħӸǶǧⶼĥ󹤵ĻǸĥ󹤡
˵۾ѩģȻûô׾ͱԴܡ
粢û֪ڷ֮ڣѾ̺һôӴʮλЦĿǰκһˡ
ȻڶڣȻһɼΪӴ
ֻһƷ˷֮С
ڳƷϢĳ֮ûжã巽棬һ˵Ϣ
һλͻƣΪ˺һߡ
һʱ䣬Ϊ֮Ȼڲ֪ͻ˵£ǳ˳Ʒ֮⣬ڶˡ
һƬڣͬʱҲһƬĬ֮С
֮ǰƷͻƣ˿ֻһżȻѡ
ʱƣҲû֮ͻƣһĸһ㡣
˶֪ʱʲôʱȴ붼벻ġ
źһͻƵƺҲͻơ
һ죬᳤Զ
嶼ȥǰأħ廹ڲɱûǰء
ĳ˵壬ħ壬ǺĴУԭѹķ
干ͬĵˣֵħ壬ҲͬˣҲͬǸС
廹ҪǼɵΪֻѹǴ򣬶ħҪɨݣݸһɨ
һʱ䣬ںڲ֯һȳƷǻʱĴ䣬λԵΪһλ½ĺء
ϾڻƽȻ֮ǰƷɨһΣδ˵ԪҲҪͬ㣬ʱʱ̶̿ҪԿЩħߣȫŹء
Ǻ
ܿ죬һѾȷ˷ţһѪǲӱǿߡ
ڴͻƵʱ
ǺȻ˴Ļʳ֮У׼ȷ˵˷֮⡣
һʱ䣬·ƶǺ
Ʒɸϳһս
һ죬һһƥǵģ۽꣬һ˳ìԶԶָŷں
֮ŭضɽҡѣԶԶģܹϵڷӿ
ǺˣҪһսˣ
һϢݡ
ĸַ׷ֶͨοʼս
Ǻ²Ƿ˰ɣնɱߣһʵֱɲ⣡
һץڵǺҪԶԶǺҪǿô˳ϣ
ҲһȻնɱߣǶٶЩͶȡɣҵȶ֪һȴͬǺڷ֮⣬֮Ҳκβɣ
˺ܿͿ˶ߣΪǺڵλãѾԶԶ˷ڣҲ±Ʒ֮һ¡
Ͼ֮ǰƷ֮һشһħħħħնɱѾܡ
෴ģ˽ֵ顣
һսν˾䣬ʤǿľ䡣
˿뿪ַʦʤֶΣƷҲһ½ߡ
ȻǺʮ꣬Ƕ߾˵ʮʱ䵱㲻ʲô
磬ҳȥ
æǰƷ
ʲôڻǳʱǻ֪Ʒ˵ҪȵͻƵڲſԣ
Ʒ˵ȫĵ֪ڷ֮оȻôߵĻ̾ͻӭ֮֡
ħ϶Ἧȫڡ


2394 Ǻ
ϾƷ֮ǰǿᣬֵپޣҲֻǳƷһǿ
Ȼ֮һȺǿߣһߣôԶȫµľɾ޴в
ƷܹߵķȻҲͱסˣʱѹҲǵض
ħԲ˳ƷôߣҲߡ
ڶڲ˵ܹߵķҲǿɲġ
Ϊƽ⣬˶о˿־壡
ǸʱͻΪʸ֮ģ֮û֮ء
ڳƷǿ֮ǰҪͣŵҲҪʱݷܳκ˵ǰ
ԣ˵ͷ˵Ǻðɣ
գҲ׷ǰҪս
Ǻֻһ½ߣ֮˶ҪǿĶˣֻû֪ˡ
õĳƷҲˣ
ǺЦֻм
˵Ǻ뱻ƷնɱĹϵܺãһϿɺڶԣҪ˶Ʒնɱ϶Ǻ޲ýƷʬΣ
ܿ죬˾͸ˣΪǺŸոշǻ֮ûжþȲɱˡ
ȻڳƷĳѾһҲҪƷʬΡ
ȻǣûдֵĳڵķΧ֮ڡ
ͬʱҲע⵽ˣ岻ֹһλ˱߾ߣһʱ䣬山ķ߸ܵ˾޴ѹ
ȻЩ߶ǸǺվ̨ˣͬʱҲȵ߷׷ǰı߾ߣȥƷΧǺ
ǺͬбԶԶֻΪ˱𣬸ҪԴһս£˶֪һ֮еĵһˡ
Ȼûɲȫ㣡
Ʒӷ֮д˳һ̤ĺţֱӽ
ȻһսǱɣ
Ǻϲ⣬ʱϲһսڽƷ뿪˷ڣһû֮ƷҲûôˡ
ڽʦĵһ٣ǷʦµĵҲƵƵãÿһζãҪķĻ۲пܡ
ڳƷո֮վȵʱ֮Уһ˳ìͬһɽһɨ˹
ݣ
һì֮еһìգоȻؿ
ǺѾȲĳˣ˻δѾɨˡ
Χֳ벽ߵģлкܶߵ־ڽ٣Ҫ۲һս
˶֪ƷսǴﵽʲôĵز
Ҳϵδж
ƷЦһ̯ʱһתɲǼ䣬˷ӡȻ͵һȥ
¡
ߵײ棬ѤõĻĽ涼ʼȼա
ߣʱ˾˵ײ
κһ𣬶Ժơ
˶֮УЩ벽ߣǽһ֪֮ȷʵԶѰܹ˵ġ

Ǻһеĳìɨͬһɫ᳤գһС
һߣƷһֻݻգɨǺйܹ׸赲
ǺεȾ˵ľսԶ˵
ȻѾǿزôȻһֻѹǺеĹ࣡
ֻȳΪʮѣȻ֮Ľ˼飡
˫֮սƺǾˣ˭¼һĵһˣ
۷׷ףڳϣ͸ղȣѾ˾޴ı仯
ƷһֻֻգֻķɴӡȻǺĽڽڰˡ
ÿһ·һ޴ɽݺһ
ۣ
ǺѪڴıƴ֮г˴µһͷǣҲֻǰ벽Ϊڸɴ֫۶ϣȫըѶ
㾹ȻңҪɱ㣡
Ǻŭһȫڷڣŭգеĳì˲ɲǼ䣬ذ涼䱬
ûʲôֿܹһì

һȴƷȻָ׾ٵĽì
ղ⻹ܻصĹȻ׾ٵĽ
ôܣǺأԲŵ˵
ʱɵҲĲԾˡ
ôղҲ̽ѣ̽Ĳˣ·ˣ
ƷһɲǼǺǰǺͷ­㱻ֱ˳ȥ


2395 նλо
̽Ĳ࣬·
ɵõһƷ׺ԶԶǵ
һߣڳƷԼҲǲ֮ͽˡ
ǰѰ·ˡ
Ʒʵںܶ˵ʵ̫ǿˣԶԶ˵
Ʒʮʱ䣬ôôǿ
˶Եһ
Ƿ֣ƷǿԶԶǵԤϣҪǣƷжǿǸͲ֪ûа취ӸղųƷĳ֮вĳƷжǿ
ĪѾǿڲɣ
˶ڲ²⣬ǵĿǰΪֹûܹ²Ʒﵽʲôľ硣
Ѿܹ²⵽ļˣʲôѹġ
Ѿߵ۷塣
۷壬ǲ¼Ϊߣ̫ˣԳƷڵ£ܳΪ۷塣
ֻǿڣںܶ˵ٶȡ
һ˵Ҫ̫ˡ
·֮УҲڴ߶Щһĸһ˵ٶȷٳɳ
ôĵӣ
Ʒľ˾ٶҲú֮еǶŭˡ
Ʒ֮ǰѾնһе½ߣն½Ǻ
ն֮½ߣն˺֮еδ
ú֮еľŭɶ

һɹɿֲϢֱӼ䵽ǿ֮С
ձ˺ѿһµϢͷ˳
ͬпֲߵϢϯֱЩߵϢ
һֲ񳱴ӵ۶֮ϯڰ֮йЩߵıλá
ǲò˺ѿռ䣬
ƷʱҲûţ˫˺ѿռһӾͳ嵽һߵߣӿռѷ֮ץ˳
һƤʮֽ˶ӣһѪɫĳղҪͻϮƷֹҪ˻ȥʱ򣬾ȻƷץ˻
ʱŭ
ôĵӣ
ŭգƷʱ򻹸ҽץûнֱɶ
ȫڱһĹâֳ˿ֲһͷ޴ޱȵһͷ̤գԶǳڷҵ𶯡
ڣ
һڵĿ´ڣǿֲĸоһɲǼ䣬ֱϯ˳ȥ
ƷĿƳһһһ˲ͨ屬˿ֲĽɫâƻƽɵһ
˲ȭ
Ʒһȭһ˲䣬˰ǿooݺײһѡ
ڷڣֻ˳ƷȻֱӽһͷֲͬǳһӴ˺ѣ޴oһɱȥ
䣡
һУ˳ȥ弸Ҫѿ
һ̫£
Ʒһƣ춯ء
ΪԶݣԳƷ֣һڵĿֲʵһȫȫı˳
˶±ˣû뵽ƷȻôնɱǺҪһҲɱ
һﻹиղŵϢʱŵùǺȥ
Ҫӻݡ
֮УЩҲٶ˺գҪ֧Ԯһ
ﻹüƷԡڽɫĹâ֮УһıԴתɲǼ䣬һڳ
һ˲նһʮɳĿֲâ
â˺棬ǳ˺ѳ룬һӾͽһն롣
Ѫգһ
˶ΪƷ⾪ʵֱ˸Ȼôɵնߡ
̫ˣ̫˳ˣûܹ赲
һս֮ս˶֪ˣؼֶһ𶥼ߡ
Ʒ²ŷڿɽʦֶΣҲѾλ¼Ĵڡ
һ޵еĴڣ
Ʒ˫ֱֶӰȻ֮ͦС
δϣ
ǳܹʾ磬ֻһ˱ɺɨЩħ
䣡
֮УӯǷ·ǿϣƷ̫ǿˣֻǳɾһߣҲֻΪƽһ𶥼ս
ڣƷֳǱϣɾͻʾһɾͻʾħʲôء
¸յϣ
Ʒɣ
֮Укŭŭǲûм֣ΪҲ֪ҪɱƷǲˡ


2396 ʮ꣬
Ʒչֳʵ޵У֮УҲѾվ˾УǼ۷Ĵ֮⣬Ѿ޵ˡ
ڳƷǿ󣬿νǼ˻ϲǣͨ˻裬ƷǿҲϣ
屻ħ弸ѹŴÿʱÿ̶Ŷ۵ĵ̡
ӻͷ˶ϣЩŴ콾ϡ
ȻҲֻϣѣĿǰΪֹκγɹĿԡ
ǳƷǿƣҲ֤ˣһ·ǶԵģֻҪȥԿĳ
ǸʱԷħϳȥ
ǶĳЩƷĳ˵ƷʱͻȻֳľʵʣǴһֲ
û뵽ƷȻܹͻȻּʵ
û뵽Ȼ˾˵ʵҪɱҪӳ飡
ĳһؾ֮Уһλߵ˵
ƷǿƣҲȫ̼ЩŴ콾ǣûΪƷƷǿȻҲ̼ǸҪͻƵ
һ·ϣʣƷѾ׵׵Ľ˦
ǻδʱ򣬳ƷѾ֮˺ԶԶ
ټϻǺͻƴӰ죬ҲЩͻǶƴĿʼͻơ
ûã֮Уһһ𣬾βͻƣ֮Уųƾβ
һʱ䣬¼ƺ˶ܹʶ·һξĻᡣ
ЩǵĻѾˣ׷ֻһۣܹͻƵ
ҲڽĿӳƷƿ׷׽עŵ½ľβϡ
ЩϷƣƷ½߿ǡ
ǵ֪֮УһҲ½ߣԼ֮⣬Ѿ
ʣµľβҲڳƷ½߿ǵĳƺŲŻʵһ㡣
ЩβȥսƷȡһһ˵ĳƺš
Щβֱӽ˴ɱ¡
ȻߣѰ·
βֱλε˲ȥҳƷ鷳
ʵϣǺǰﻹô۵ҪȥҳƷ鷳ǲѰ·ô
ĿǰβԼǺǿĶȥ½ߣֶ𣬴ҰǺƷĸɵˣܺõĶȥء
ЩͳͳǻˣĴĻˣͳͳġ
ƷԴҲֻǵһЦȻǸβʶ࣬ôҲͷŹԷ
ȻƷҲնɱβѪԼ
Ѿնɱ˾ߣʵ̫עˣɱȥǾԵеͱˡ
ڵʵȻǿ󣬵ȴûдﵽ޵еĵز
ڵľ֮Уûе۷塣
ڵһڣû̫⣬۷壬ûʲôʤ㡣
ǽе۷ĴڣĿǰûа취Ĵڡ
ڴﵽ۷֮ǰҪʱһ·ͷ
һʱûа취ͻƵ۷壬ƷҲҪܹ۷࿹ⲻᱻɱʵ
ƷܿѾ¶˾ģҪΪƵ۷塣
Ǹʱ򣬼ڵĸҲͳͳԺƣ۷ĸ֣ҲܣԴߡ
뵽Ʒͱչأһߴ߶ϵ죬޵ʱ䡣
һۣʮʱȥԭͷĳƷ𽥿ʼʧ˵ҵ֮С
ھβ֮󣬺壬壬壬֮У½½½ͻƵ
ʮʱ֮Уƽÿһ궼һĵνǣܶȣϵĺͲ֪öаˡ
ƫƫЩһܵ㲻ȥݼߣ뱾Ҳٲ˵ģƫƫ֮У߶ֹǵһ
Ǹоǣʮ֮⣬һ͹Ŵ콾ڱһ׼ͻƣۿδʮʮ֮ڣ»мʮߵĵ
뵽һʱ
ʮ֮УħҲʲôûиɣȻħ߱߷׷סǵİ벽ĸȴһһĳ֣ЩҲõһ͹Ŵ콾
ϵһһİɱȥؾ֮ǱޣûзӦô£ͱɱؾ֮Уնɱ
Щصĺܺãûע⵽
ʮ֮䣬½½гʮ𣬺ϰٸŴ콾ɱ
һʱ䣬Ⱥ鼤ܡ


2397 ΧԿʼߴĹ
Щ͹Ŵ콾׷ŭˣ
λεĽǵһǶǺεĴڣʲôʱôԴˡ
ɱˣʲôʱǱôɱˡ
ħλεǣ׼ȷ˵ݸ嶼ԵĿ꣬ûΪĿǰҪ彻սֻ塣
ʵϣħ˵ĿǰݵĸȺ϶ҪɨĿꡣ
ֻЩĿҪɨȺ˳̫һˡ
Ŀǰ˵嵱Ȼ˳򣬵ҲɨĿ귶Χ֮ڣǵ͹Ŵ콾֮еĳЩٮٮлͻƵġ
ħ˵һ鷳ԲǼӳɳȥ
Щŭ˵͹Ŵ콾Ҳ׷ԷԵ֯˷ɱʼɱЩħ֮еĶ֡
˫ǾĴڣȻսһǳǳĲҡ
˵ԶɱҪҡ
£ħһʧأ˵ĺܶ඼ħ֮иеȨߡ
ħ֮иû˿֣ͣΪ˵ĶûϣͻƵĴڣɱĶϣͻƵݸĸ֡
ǶһҲǷǳı
һжΪħ֮иȡ㹻ʱ䣬ҪԵĶ֡
ʮ֮УսǳĲҡ
һϢҲ֮д˿
ݵһؾ֮УһߵĴУ˭ܹõһĻߴУ˭ϣܹͻƳΪһߡ
һʱ䣬»Ȼ
ǶЩ˵˶еһȻϣлܹΪߡ
Ը;ϡ
һʱ䣬··𶼱Ϣڸ˹ȥ
һֱһ죬ݵϷһ޴ޱȵĹس˵ǰ
Ĺʱʱ֣һĿռ֮УֻضʱŻḡ֮ϡ
лߵϢ
ߴиܵ˻ߵϢһʱ䣬ߵע⡣
һĹʮֵĺƴȻ˶óһĹز˹γɵģȻγɵġ
һʵʵĻ֮ĹΪֻлߣ֮컯ӰĶֻȥʱزŻԷԶγĹء
һݻĹغȻоһߡ
һʱ䣬߶ʼܶ벽ĸҲ׷˶
ƷҲõϢڳء
ʮչأƷʵһ¥ٶȷ֮Ĺٶȱˣз츲صı仯˳˳ͻƵڵ۷塣
ڵʵ۷ĸ֣Ҳûʲôµģ򲻹ҲԳߡ
Ա֮
ΧҪչˣ
Ʒ˵
Ҳ֮ǰյԴ̫ξϢ
ʣ֮ǰ̫ξ˵ģΧԵĿʼ
ڳı˶֮ķͱҪʼˡ
ƷҲˣΪʲôֺıҪʮʱˡ
ΪǣһߵĹء
һߵ֮أ漰ķܹ˵ġ
ҪĹɱȻûôףʮһֱڱ״̬Ҳٳ֣Ϊɱ˰ɡ
һ˶ˣ
Ʒ˵
õϢ֮󣬳ŵ˶ԾԾԣҪǰһߵĴĹƷˡ
֪һĹζʲôһɱ֡
ǵΪȻȺܿ죬ʮ֮УѾﵽ۷壬ֻ벽ʹﵽڣûﵽվûﵽ
ֻ˼Ǵﵽڣʱ˼Ѿǰңɽ򣬲ڷ֮ڡ
ƷһͬǰһĿģҪΪһӡ
Ͼһս쳣Ĺµɱ֣Ҫ뽫ħնɱҲ֪ѡ
Ҫ˵ֻ
ⶼпܵġ
Ȼܽһȫɱ֮С
뵽ͬڿɽʦǰһЩ֮󣬳Ʒ㾶ֱϷǸֵĻߴĹ
Ƭ֮䣬ѾһߴĹ֮УͳƷԤϵһ޶һȿռ䡣
Ȼ͵ȿռ䣬ֻضʱ򣬲Ż¶ǰ󲿷ʱڿռ֮Ư֮вŻһ˵ǰ
ʱߴĹ֮УѾޱȵ֡
ƷߴĹΧȻ޾İ׹ǣЩ׹ǶѻɽԶԶȥȻͬһ׹ɵĺһ㡣
ȥʮֵĴĿġ
Щ׹ǵ϶ɢž˵ѹȻǿȥʬ


2398 ħһߣħ
ЩʬǰӦöһһǿߣζ򾳼Ĵڡ
Ӧս֮ϱնɱ֮طγ˴ĹߺЩ׹һᡣ
ƷܹԶԶģԿħһ֧һ֧Ĵһ˵ٶȷһ׹ǻĳӡ
ȻѰǰߴĹڡ
ħ֮⣬иĸԶԶĹζ򾳵Ĵڣܶ඼ǰ벽ĸ֣кܶ඼ԭ򲹰ϵĸ֡
ǶҿǿɲߣЩħΧסľһˡ
ħһ涼赲ס
ƷԶԶģԿһһϵߵϢ֮С
ûнߴĹƺҲߴĹթϾͻȻðģôЩԾ
ƾЩ򾳺Ͱ벽ĸֽ̽еĹؿ
ڣлߵĴУٳȥҲüƾЩ벽򾳵ĸҪǸ顣
˶Сģֻħ壬ԼʵǿᣬѹеΣշϣ
Ʒ뵽
˵ܶо޴ΣգܻΪأǶ˵ȴˡ
ԶɽͼĿռ֮Уɱ󣬶˵ҲûκӰ졣
еĶǻ߼ȻҲӹɵġ
Ժ޹˼ɣֱӾͽߴĹ֮С
ƷĿԶͿˣһһħħĴ֮УһһŻߴĹĿռ䡣
УƷһµӣħ֮ףһʵħ֮УҲǿģǾס
ħƷ۾һħ쵼ߡ
˵ħĵһߣһʵɲ⣬֮£˵Ѿֻſ˻߾֮С
ӳƷõϢħʵȷʵƾס
Ѿĵһ֣һʵֱ۷壬ǾȻҪ֮УĻʳ˽ſԺͶԷ࿹⡣
ֻǰֻѾ˻ʾ֮Уǵ˽ܡ
ڳƷħʱħҲ˸ӦֱӳųƷķƷ£ֻӡ
ħΪһӢӣƷֻǵһЦϡ
Ʒɸܵһ֮дǿѹ
ϣ
أƷĶ߾˴̫ξĻ
ֱʧ˰֮Уһ˲䣬Ѿ˻ߴĹ棬ʱվżߣҲ֮еļƵǿߡ
֮⣬д̫ξȻԺԺڵ̵һ
֮⣬мƷʶǿߣȻʵҪϲ٣ҲڵΪվ
Ȼǻ֮еĸ֣֮Уʮڸ֮ϣʮ֮ϡ
Ȼž˵ĵ̵ģͲֻһڣҲûа취ҵĵᲢۡ
λˣ
Ʒ
Ҳ׷׻񣬴ʱĳƷȷʵԺƽƽ
λһελ֪ˣڴһ٣
˵
һУͰλˣȵɱλ֮ʱ
£ͳƷȫԸڵʱƺҲһµ˵
ʱڻߴĹ֮УЩħľƺҵʲôһʼصѪ鱻ɱ֮γɵǿԹ𣬾ȻԶγɵķ
һʱ䣬һ޴ĹѨſڳ˵ǰ
˶䶯ˣȻ˶֪ӦǻĹѨĴűˡ
˶಻ס׷׷С
ʱЩħľҲڸָӹٵָ֮·׷տʼ
Ǵʱܹˡ
Щ򾳵ĸֵȻûа취Ƶ˷һӾײħӵķ֮ϣ˵ֱӱˡ
Ǻܶ벽ҲûܳƷߣ֮ϵħֱӺɱ
ֻٲֵİ벽ħӻûγɷʱ˹ȥ˶Ѩ֮С
ǵٶȻ죬ȴһ˱ǵٶȸ죬ǾЩһֱڵȴŻ֡
ȻԶǵٶ죬ǵһʱ䣬Ѿ˻ߴĹĹѨſ֮С
Ǽ˺˿ռ䣬ͽС
ΪߴĹķħѪķʽƣܹ˺ѿռ䣬ǾҪжҪܵĿơ
ƷҲڵһʱ䣬˻ߴĹ֮С


2399 
ڻߵĴĹ֮Уо޴Ļʵѹƣһ߶ܵѹơ
ҲҿԶγɵĻʵѹƣĻһ߸ûпܴƻʵѹơ
Ĺ·һԪĿռ֮һȫ뿪
׼ȷ˵Ǳķ뿪
ûа취£һ
Ʒһ·УŴĹĺĵȥｫļ֮սͬʱҲһǰѰĿġ
һ˵ĻĶǸģǼٵġ
ǼٵĶħôһǰô
ȻǼٵġ
ֻǶȻģЩħҪȡߵĴпûôס
УѾ˲塣
רЩħ֡
ڳƷȥϵʱǰһǸߴĹ֮оֱһռ֮С
ƷϾʶˣһռ䷨Ȼװһռ䷨֮С
ߣƷһαǣɲǼ䣬أҪռ䷨ſ
ռ䷨Ȼܴ󣬵Ҳм޵ģƵı
㲻÷ˣǴ˵е㲻ӳȥģ
أʱһ˳
Ʒ̧ͷһȴȻڵӰ˳
ϷлõĻʵȻвȱĹǳŲģڵĿ˵
Ʒ΢΢һ䣬ʵȻ֪ʲôǻʵͬɽͼǻʵ
һڳɵ֮ƵҲķ
ֻʵֲֻǲȱĻʵҲǼΪġ
ԭ
Ʒ˵ûмǴĻӦ֮ĳһλĻߵĻʵɣΪɱң㻹Ѫ
㾹Ȼ֪Ȼûô򵥣²ǵõ׽ڵĴô򵥣ڵ˵
Ʒ˶Ҳֻܵ鵽еĳҡ
֮УĴУҲֻ׽ڰˡ
˶²⣬Ʒܹô𣬺ܿǵõʮȻ׽ڵĴС
ټϳƷʩչѧ֮УҲ֮ͽ͸϶˵
ټҲʵҲƷܵĴԴ˶϶һ㡣
ڵڸҿ϶Ʒ϶ֻǻ׽ڵĴС
ڱֳ˾˵ʵⶼ֪׽Ӧеʵ͵̡
ʲôʲôϵأƷ˵
˵öԣʲôʲôϵܿҪˣ
ڵ˵֮дż
̫ԸˣȻҵǹƥĳҵǰѵ浱ɱôƷһЦ˵ȷʵƿҪƿҲҪѺܶʱ䣬˳ҵǰնɱ֮Ȼƣ
Ʒ˵ഫ˵ĳһλѪҪһϵѪӶרƳķ
ųƿװƷ޷ľУ̶ܴҲΪԭ
ֻǲƵҪܣƷ˲ֱӻصɽͼ֮Уɽͼ֮ƿ
ϾͬΪʵұĻǳȻܹƿ
ֻҪһʱѡ
ĵƣû֪ϻɽͼĺö
ΪˣڵûзôڳƷǰΪѾȫռϷ硣
նɱңڵЦ֪츳ˣٸʮʱ䣬Լܹңûʱ䣬˵Ϊʲôط֮УҲߣ㣬ͽˣ
Ʒڵ˵ұͽûʵ
ˣڵֻ²׷ŹȻҲǿڵľ޴в
ƷѾͬ˺ݺ˦ںͷˣȲĻֲಢᱻСԽԽ
Ϊˣ˶뽫Ʒ֮졣
ǹͷľ֣ش֮
ڵðſܻᱩ¶ΣգҲҪնɱƷ
ȻʵҲǾԵţڣɱһǿС
ϻ˵ˣϷҪϣڵ˵
ɲǼ䣬Ͷˣϣһڳ㣬ֱ֮С
ڵ
ƷİĶжᣬȻȴûһ˿¡


2400 ն
˵ͷӡһѧֵľѧûдﵽȴҪѧĻǲֻ棬ȫ档
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ԳƷ˻˵ķ
̵ʱھͽشƵǣһȭؿڣؿڴһ޴Ѫ
Ϸû뵽ݺһȻϣֲĵ˵

Ʒͷ֮һڳâնȥͷ­ɳȥ˲


2401 ֮
նɱڵƷһôڵһֱɲСѹ
ڻûͻƵʱΣա
Ϊ֮ĴѹҲʱ޿̲ڡ
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ʱһħߴԶϯ˳Ʒʱŭգŭɶ

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޷Ʒʵ̫Զˡ
ƷͷҲŻߴĹĵطȥ
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Ʒϳһ࣬Ҳħ֮Իϵĸԭ֮Ŀ˵һһΪľģֻ֮ģܹ׵ͻƣܹõĳЩߵܡ
ħѾǶߵõ˻֮ģһļʳΪߡ
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˵ǿֻһĻôǿ߾Խһսĺ
κһ˻ߣ˻ʣħʣʣʣʣߺʣлһµʵ


2402 һ·ɨȫ
ΪˣԻ֮ĲŻðħڵħˡ
ħֻһܹΪħʣһûĻԵһӶû취ȥ
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ڵܷɳδڹв
Ʒ־ܣ¾˫֮ôһսڽҲ죬ǻᣬȫ


2403 ֮ĵ
ȻҲǵʱվѡԹۣѡֳƷһս
ǰһʣΨѡ񱣳ſԣ
ųƷ˵ѡԹۣҪѡʱˣǲҪѡΪսҲΪԼս
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Ʒ˵ģȻħȻвˬҲΪʲôѡ
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ɷϣ֮Ķ˵ŷͬһõ֮ģΪܹڶʱͻƣͻƳΪҲûпܡ
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ⱾǲȱģȻҺܶǰѾ֪ߴĹĴڣȴûн֮ȡߣΪȻãȴоԵʵħ̹˵
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ĿųƷĽƷδҪǱĴڣδ˵ϣΪһߡ
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óѣ֮ҵģ
ħŭһɲǼ䣬ϾȻֱӷֻӰ
Ӱһ˲һһҳųƷйȥ
ӰÿһѰڶ˶١
Ҳħѹ׵ľѧֻÿһλĻǳԪ
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ĹɲǼ׷˹ֱӽƷڵĵطޣ˻硣
Ȼһ˲䣬ƷѾ˹ನڹؼʱ򣬳Ʒɽͼ֮С
һ˲䣬ƷѾ֣֮ץС


2404 ۷
䣡
ڳƷ֮еһ˲䣬һɿֲͷ˳ԭ׷ħķ˲˳ȥ
ţһһ룬뽫ƷУɲǼĹڰ֮УγһϰɸߵĹ롣

ħԼһʱŭŭɶ
˵ѾôĴۣΪľܹһΪħʣڻȴƷȡŭɶ
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ħңָ˻ʵķ֮ɱ⡣
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ĻѾػƷʱһߵΧ֮£ش
ǳƷҲɵúۿǴڶδıܹһƷиж



2405 ɱ¾޵
Ʒһǹʱ˫Ŀ˲죬޾֮зӿ
ԶΧһħʱоһɿֲ˺Լ
·һ˲䣬еѶ֮˲䱬ˡ

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ͲǳƷĶ֡
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ԶԶȥƷϽɣԶԶȥ·ƽһoһ㡣
һoȴһɱչޱߵɱ¾
һꪾͿɱһߡ
Щһ߻ҪĵֿߴĹɱǳƷɽͼıͿԲںһ㣬ֱӳֱˡ
Щ߷ӵʵԼһ룬ƷȴԷӳٷְٵʵ֪˫Ĳᱻһӿµĵز
Ʒֵһ˿µĹóꪣҲɱˡ
˲ȭ߽Ȫ̤ӡȵȾѧͬʱʩչ
ÿʱÿ̶䡣
Ʒɱ¾ɱȻߴĹҪ¶ˡ
ֿܵߣĹǰҲûκʤ㡣
ڣƷ˫ָƽʱЩɱѾɱ¾һգڳеħ壬壬壬壬ͳͳ⡣
ħ࣬Ҳ࣬һͳͳڳƷ
Ҫɱ㣡
ħһŽ߷ɳȥŭţ˫ͨ죬ͬѪһ㡣


2406 սħ
ħ˫죬ͬһͷ˵Ұһ
ĲԶѾһϢղžڹؼʱƷסħóƷ˳Ľնɱһա
ͱˣν˼أڣʵѾ˵һϢ
㼴䣡
ħ໹֧ʮУͻħϡ
ȻʱħѾĿת˳Ʒϣ׼ȷ˵ӦǳƷնɱЩħ֮󣬽
òתͷȽƷ򲻵ܽԼ븹ܵе״̬
ħĶס˳Ʒǰ֮ˣħʧء
һΣµʧأһڱչûнĳ֮⣬Ʒټϴ̫ξԼȻԺԺټϻ֮еһ𹩷ߣһֻʣߣʧ֮ʷġ
ҲʷΪ״̬
ħʧӲأħ֮⣬һνħѾնɱһա
Ѿռħ֮ħİ˳ɡ
ԭħѹԵƣȻҲһز᧿Σ
֪ħжôħʵ˵Ҳʷҵĳ̶ȡ
û뵽ԭΪҪԵһ̲˵ᱬôֲʵȻħ嶼ˮˡ
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ƷЦţϢͬϯֲͬɽһ㣬ѹķ
֮ǰֲֿĴڣûκʤ㣬ڲͬˡ

ħһӳˣֲħǹɨգһħǹ֮еħʮŨģһ˳ǹ֮еĳһ֮ϣֻòʮܹ꣬һݳ׸ıʺħĻ
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ǹɲǼ˺˳գһӾѾݻ˳գ̶䵽˳Ʒǰ
ħһӾͳȫûһ˿һ֪ͣڳƷжôļɵˣ˵ǰδеļɵ
ΪҲѾˣȻͻƵĲ˼飬ȻƷʵʵѾͻƵ۷壬ȼ硣

һǹֱӴ̵˳Ʒϣ׼ȷ˵һֱӱɽͼĹĻסˡ
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ƷΪлʵôħЦһеħǹɨƳգٶȿʼͳƷɱ
ĵƣƣԺӵ˽սϧһдش
˽ıҲֻܹսϴƣûа취ƻս£ѾǼˡ
ڽ˽ػƷ֮͸ӴˣԼս¶ûа취ƻˡ
Ʒ治ɫ᳤ꪣֱӺħսһ
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䣡
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أ
ΪһսҪսĵϵʱȴһ޴ĺ֮һӰӽս֮б˳
˶һȴħ˭


2407 Ҳɱ
ħ˳ϵĻʵսѾѷ죬˵ʵѾˣֻһĹϡ
ߺƻʵķûģ۷ĸֽ߾ȫҲδܹƻʵ
ǰǽڻʵ𣬻𻹲ص¡
ħϴŵһս¾˷ǳǳصġ
ԾһĹױˡ
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˫ֻͬأ˭ֵܹȻһĿȻġ
ħĵ˳ȥϽһѪĶУƷشƷеĳꪲ㽫
һǽش
ħסΣ֮ŵ飬ΪԴ񹦴֮󣬻ûôѹ
κ˶޵У֣Ҳ·硣
ղŻת˽ػƷĻὫش㽫ɱ
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Ϊеǰʵ̫ˣ
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ڣȫת׵׵ĳ룡
ƷҾҲҪһ𣡡
ħѾȫʶԼƷʵҳˡ
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ħ£
ħһȣƷʱоΧؾȻһ̳ڼ̳֮ϣҪء
֮У͸һּصһȫԽƷƷһļ֮䡣


2408 ħ
֮ӳһɿֲҪƷ˺鿪
һɿֲ֮ͷųĿֲ
ħΪۣƷ׼أ
һּΪϵħ䣬ֻǻ˺٣ҲȥʩչΪɱһǧ˰١
ûʲôֱӵĺô
ħκβóƷֻʹֶΣϣصƷ׼ˡ
ƷоԼÿһë׶һֻ棬ֻ𲻵
һΪҵĻ棡
ҵûа취࣬ƽ
ҵȼյĶҵ
ÿ˶ҵֻǻܵĶٵ
Ʒһ·ɱ¾֪ǿУһҵȻҲǼΪ˵ġ
ƽЩҵҲӰƷʱƣҵԽԽأΪ
˵ƷܹоһεҵԼ֮³Ȼҵȼա
ûа취ܿҵǴӳƷðģ޿ɱܣ޿ӣֻƾҵȼգһֱڵҵȼմ֮ҵŻϨ
ħһ߿Ѫһ߲ϵħ䣬һ߿ųƷȫȫҵΧճһˡ
һԵϿѪҪæǸãؿڱƿһ󶴣άסƲ񻯾ͺѣҪӦĸɱ
ﲻϳƷҲﲻæ
ֻܿƷһһ嶼ȼգһҪճɻҽճɽ̿
ƷħЦ
ųƷϵҵԽԽأʱ¶˼Цݡ
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ոճƷȫѪһεӵĴ⣬δĴӵƽ̹
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һҵʸûС
ôܣħȫ޷Ʒôͨҵֽٵġ
ħҲǵ磬ħʣҲ֪ν֣֮УֲĲ֣ǻ֡
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ҵԽԽҵȼգ
ȫûգ
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ոɱ䣬֮󣬳Ʒȫ¶ɢŵĹâ
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Ʒһȥ޴ӡ緣ضΪһƬ档
أ
һֱħħֻüҽһѾҵϡá
ħһ߿Ѫһߵˣֵķ֣ƷʵԸǿˡ
ӣ
ʱħѾûǰҪɱƷ׳־Ψһͷܡ
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Ʒһż̤ȥ
أ
ħһŲУձȱķˣѪ罦Ѫģ׷ɡ
ųƷץһһֱӶħӴܳԪ

ħԪڲҽУҪȥǸûκΰ취ֻһĹ֮£նɱһһڿ֮С
Ƭ֮󣬼ǿǿͬħԪҲնɱ
һͳħħֹ


2409 »Ȼħ峷
һϢĴٶݡ
ߴĹ֮սĻΪĻջߴĹ֮еĻ֮Ļ˭ҡ
ȻһֱϢմ˲֪ν֮ѹһ壬һնһǰն
һ岼µľ壬һٿɱ˾ųɵħߣĲߡ
һս¶ϸڲ࣬Ϊģĸ֡
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һսνħ춯صһսһսͽħųɵ͡
ʧ˵ҲֻʣλߣҸˣƼأ
˵õϢʱ򶼲ɵˣǲţھã϶һϢ
ôħ壬ħµ߻һȺһᡣ
ǺεȴĴֱʡ
Щħħħ徫֮⣬ֵĸ֣벽ĸҲһЩֻûħʧôѡ
ԭǲţǿ֮ǰ帹Űħ弸һҹ֮ǵõʲôҹߣһ㶼û
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һսֻܳƵܾˣȻħʧԶ֮ϣǲòϵǣĵ̺ʵҲԶħ塣
ħ徭ô޴ʧʣµĸ֣ȴδرҪ٣ʵߵĻ֮ϡ
ŸһϢڻߴĹ֮бشҪչٰϡ
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ǺƣҪȺһڰ
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һ֮󣬺֮У֮У֮У½½߷ŻѪծѪ
ۿħӰŸոɢȥ֮


2410 
֮˱߽ӣ۷ʱЩһϻǵе۷ߡ
Ȼڣشòչذ꣬һʱ䣬еţ˶ð˳
˿ǳû٣
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ԭĻʳķܹסЩ塣
ǵڣ߻ȻѾסЩĿ̽ʹˡ
һƬݷ꣬ͬʱڽЩͻȻϮ
սڣѾǱѡ
ܾʹ˷壡
˶̾үۣڹȥʮʱһֱݷ״̬Ҫħܾ֮ˣȻ벶ȸں
ƫƫԸΪȸĻᡣ
½űսʱأͻȻҪٿԴķ⡣
һʯǧˣȻ˵壬Ҫ˵嶼ϣҲ壬оͺ֮е塣
ҪĵȻ壬壬壬壬壬¼Ҳưԡ
ȻʵϣӸϻ֣ȴͷ֮棬壬壬壬ͺ塣
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һһǿ߼ᣬĿֲѹ֮ϣ˶Ϊ֮Ŀ
йŴ콾ˣ
أʱ˾㵵ķ֣һʢ֮УкܶڱչصĹŴ콾˳ֻ壬Ǻ壬壬壬֮ҲͬвٵĹŴ콾Զ
Ȼ֮˲ֻǰ벽ȻϵȺ˥֮ʱ˶׷ǰ
һһǿ𶼷׷ǰ˴ѾͻƵҲûпܡ
ʣΪһε˱


2411 ֻ
ʣһֱӸı¸ֵĴᡣ
ɽ֮һһһǿĴڷ׷׼١
յᣬҵ֮գ
ĵ˵
ն̬ȣҲ֮ʮֵġ
и֤ĿǰΪĵġ
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Ȼһ֮еĹŴ콾ȴв
ЩжôĿ£ʵƷѾ֪ˡ
ƷɵŶʱ䣬Ѿնɱ˶ߣν¡
˶óƷΪ׼Щδߣڵǡ
ȫ֮ϣЩǶ巢ѣƫƫֻǸûκΰ취
ȥĻȨ̲ȥĻҲ²ᱻԣûκȡɵİ취¸ԣԸԵʵ˵
ԭܹλвأľǱǿʵǸ֮ףܹס֡
Ȼںħսֻ֮ʵֻѾǸ֮ĩˡ
Щǳû٣
Ȼͺˣ忴Ҳۣ
Ҳ֪ΣǳڣҵҲǱ
żɽ֮⣬һǿ۷׷ףֻ֪ߣϣȨҲûж٣οǡ
һһǿǰ嶼Уֻ֮УֻкȻԺԺһˣԵޱȵƵ¡
ݲͬȺ˷־ɽŵĸ
أ۷׷֮ʣһǿѹѹ˹ȴһӴ󲽽ɽ֮УҲϢ
ϢΪֲһҲ˿ѷɫ
ֻϴżѱ֮ɫż֮ɫ
ӣȻ
˾ϳͦΣݿӵݡ
СĵĿʼӲѰݾ˵ǵ̫ʮ֮һĽĵӣӡһֱһų
ѰѪͻ߸ӽӽҲӿ¡
˵ӵзûʱ䣬Ѿɾߣǽһ˵൱಻ʮͳɾߡ
һΪ츳Ǿ춯ء
Ӹոճ֣㳯Ӫ˵˵֮УҲһֻ񣿽ɱ֣
ޱ֮˸ɱ⣬Դ֪˳Ʒ׷֮оȻһֻʱеɱѾ಻סˡ
ǽһǺεȸ߹һֻǴѪֻѪĺᴿѪɺ췵죬Ϊ
ͺĽв࣬оˬǽһѪ
Ȼһ壬׷ߣоԼһѪϱ˼̤ڵϡ
δһ̫ݺʱ岻һѣһ֮󣬲
廹ǰһ޶
ԣɵþֻ֮սһֻ죬һֻǺתѪɡ
ɱңӪ֮УһӰ˳Ǳˣǽ
ʱһ𺣬ǰӣܹоѪ֮һڸա
һ˲䣬ܵľͲһ־˵ɱ⡣
ԵһֻѪĽҲ˿޾壬Ȼɺת죬ܹϣҲ˿ѷɫڴֵĽ
ʽ˵֣֮ǽֻѪ˵ûи֮֡
Ҳ۽һѪ
ӻδ֣һɽһӰֱӳ֣һΪΪ£Ѿǰ벽ߡ
ǿ߼ΪǿȻʱȴΪӵʹӡ
ǽûκԥֻһ˫ȭ֡
½ǰֻѰӣȻʵϣͬǿ˿ѷɫ
䣡
һ˫ȭɫĹâرɽֱӷ񷣬һȭֱӴգ䵽벽ߵϡ
أ
ʣ벽߾ȻձıɢֻǼ򵥵һȭѣֱԪ顣

˾һڿˣһֻѾ
һʱ䣬˺ȻζţѾֻĽ
սŰĸԣֻ˫Ҫݣֳһʤˡ
ǿ治ǽ񣬳֮ǿƣ
ڽǿơ
һĪľϲǳƷ׷ߣ˵ֶһߣ


2412 
Ȼ岢壬һĹĬϣҲġ
Ʈҡֶһ߿ν
ӣη壬˳ڳƷ֮⣬ҲѪѷɫڵκȻη塣
һūҲǰ
ɫ˵
ǰ벽ʱɱūͲҲǼ֮䣬ڳһָԷ
ҷ
˫͵ر⣬ȫڱǿĹâ
㲻촿ѪѣΪΪΪҵ㻹䣡
˵
ĴѾϵѪɣ
أڴʱ֮ϣȴһӰ֮˳һ԰׵ߣһֲϢȴ˽
Ѿ˵ĽɸоºëⲻѰߣҲڵĿֲڡ
ȻֲֿĴڣȴӵūͣһѪˣĵز
䣡
һֺֻݺȻҪץ
أʱһɫĴ֣ƣ˰֮Уֻ޾âض˺ѿһֻҲֱƿ
λ֣С飬ͲҪˣ
һϵˣǺȻԺԺ
ߣ
ǸһҪٳ֮ʣӿˡ
֣ҿԽ
Į˵
ɱڣнɫĹâ˸һڳ⼸ѹ졣
ãһս°ɣ
һЦ
ãն֤һ¼䣬ֻΨһһ͹ˣҪ
˵ʱʱ죬˾ֱɱ֮У֮УѡսͿԴ֡
˶ףֻտʼսһڽҿĻ
ֱɱ֮У뿪ʮ˫սನȴǸоȿµĲ
˵սǳƣǽһеĲʮ־ˡ
Ȼ־ݲͬĵطǵ׶һˣԪڰ֮н
ͺûʲôֱ
Ӧýռݵ˳ˣʱһ߻˵
ڲ߱ռôصʸʵϾк߸͡
ˣɫ׷ױˣȻһ޶巢ѡ
֮вûôߣӦռôأ
һվ˳ɢŵѹߵݡ
Ժһһǿ׷վ˳ʮ֣Ӫ
ҪԾԵߵò
֮ϣֱӵ춨ĵλǿ֮߳ȥҲҪ㹻ĵ̡
Ӫ֮УȻԺԺҪֵʱȴ֣Լǿ߸ˣԼԼо֮⡣
һߣһߣ嶼Զ֮ϡ
Ҳ׵
һ߸оͬݵʱһͬߵϢֱͷ˳
ʮߵǿϢȫͷ˳
˶һЩҲʲô֮Ϊ׵ˣǹ俤˼꣬ʸƣгŵˣһڶͳƷйصЩ
ټ֮ǰĽ񣬲ҲͳƷйô
ҲǳƷ׷ߣ
¾ϲķ֣֮вľȻۼôߡ
ÿһ𶼲ס
ȷʵ֮Укܶ
ȻڣΪҪǵʱǽֻǰ벽ɲóǸûʲôֱ
˵ûʲôֱ
һʱ䣬ߵ·磬ʤ
¶û뵽ġ
ʲôʱȻôصĸˣ
ǰҲص̫˰ɣ
ǿôǶͳֱӵĹϵ³ʲôֱܹͻƵֶΣĻôҲû
һڸ۷׷ףҲһЩ뵽֮ǰƷĵҩ
ƷƾֵҩȻš
ΪֵҩԣҪƳҪĴۣ˵ƷԽߵĵҩҪҲԽѣͬģҪƣǼǸܵ顣
ΪˣԵóƷܱЩ˵ͻô棬һͻҲˣǻ˵ɺϣһȺ˵ͻƣ¾Ͳɺˡ


2413 ¹򣬶
ڳˣһĴˣȻϾ뵽Ψһһֿԡ
ǾǳƷð벽ߴߵֶΡ
ֲ²ոһʱ˺
˵֮ǰ뷨ֻܳƵĲ²ѣôڣЩѾǲ²ˡ
׼ȷ˵⼸Ѿ֤ʵˣ
֮ǰƷѾչֳʮ־˵ʵ¾Ҫɱȥˡ
ܹ˵Ϊķţûܹܵסеջ
ԭƲЩ߶׷ɫһӱˣû뵽֮оȻôĸ֣Ȼкܶ඼壬ʲô𣬶վӪ֮еġ
ĵûеСǷɱһħ壬ħܾˣǰصĸȻʮ֮ࡣ
֮ɻ˼˵ʵͻˣ£ӦϾͻṫ²Ŷԡ
Ȼ˼ȴأûѡ񹫲ġ
ҲΪˣһμ屬ø岻С塣
ʮıƣһȴһϵ
˿֮УһƤΪҰֻνŲΪýѰ
Ůʮǿƣһ֮Ȼѹס˼˵ơ
ܿ죬ʹϳŮݣ⾹Ȼǵ걻Ʒɱĺ󺹵ĸס
˴֮󣬶ʱһݣʣŮӣǴˡ
ƷɱҶʱڱչأ˵ڳӣɱҶɱӣҲǳƽˣ
Ů鼫Ϊʵ𵱳Ʒɱĺ֪Ҫǿ϶١
ЩҪǿϺܶ࣬ѷɫںȻԺԺȻڣȻµľ֮һ
۷֮⣬κζ֡
ŮŹȣ˹˼꣬ȻѾϳ˼ꡣ
˼û˿ãذ׵ƳһץһڳϣϸɢһɫĹסŮ⡣
ڣŮĿ˼꣬ȻҲδ뵽˼ȻΪ
֪һӦòŸոճɾûжãôʵô졣
ȻԽˣеɱҲԽ
˼ֳʵ츳Խǿ˵ԽǻΪһв
һƷѾ֮вοðһ˼ꡣ
Բ£
ߣ
Ůһֲѹ˼֮⣬ŵ˲ɵ÷׷׺˼ǿסŮơ
ںڵĲ༫󣬼ǶʵԶʤѰڣھʵĲ֮£Ǻסš
Ѿӳǧ⣬ͣ˽ŲʵǱŵùǺ
Ů֮˸ź˵Ĺâһֱӳ˼նض
ڵĸֳ֣£Ѿ޵еĴڣ
ΨһܹĺȻԺԺʱȴ˶סûа취ֵ
˼ƺһͻʲôһ㣬ֱһնɲǼ䣬һ˵Ľâɨ档
¡
˫ݺײһɲǼ䣬ʤѾ˳˼·磬һɲǼ䣬Ѿ˽â
һɿֲѹѹ˼ϡ
˼ѪɲǼ䣬ȫ߲ʵĹֶڷڡ
ò˵ŮȷʵǼΪµĴڡ
ƾű˼ǿΪȻܹʸǿ˼ƵزȻ¾۷Ҳֻһ֮ңˡ
ϣ
ʱ򣬳źһɢŽɫĽâһĽâȻɲǼ䣬ֱӳŮնȥ
ʱ򣬳֮⣬Ҳ׷׳֡
Ȼֻǵʵײ𣬼ֱƿŮĹƣŮƽɫ
ܺãϧǾȲˣͳͳҪŮ֮ϢǡҵҪмֱ£
ҹ£
Ůһȣ˼˶ʱоһӴѹѹҪ˼˱ƵĹ
˶𺳣ɱ˲ͷأŮȻ㣬ڴˡ
Ҫˣһǰ޵еģʱ򼴱Ҳͻơ
뵽ʱֻĺ󱳷
ŮǺ޼˳ƷҪйصˡ
أʱ򣬵˶Ϊһһʱ
һֻճֱ֣˦Ůϡ


2414 ɱɱ
ž
һ⾶ֱ˦Ůϡ
һ
Ǹʵ˿ȴûȻᱻһ˦ϡ
˳һֻƿ˹ȥȴһɫȹŮӴ
ǳ
˲ϳŮӵǴĻʳô
˵һû뵽ȻһΪȻֵز
ҲˣѪһƿ˿ᡣ
ЩƣûкͳֹʵϣΪ֮Ķֹ֣һ볤ֹ
Ȼ˫ʵ޼Ȼ˺ܳʱ䣬Ѿܽܳʵĺܿ죬ԭҲĺ󱲣ȴں̵ܶʱᲢۡ
ٵڣȻ
⹢Ȼޱȼɵ
ʦ˼״ʱɫһɡ
ȻҲѾһߣǶڳȴû˿оء
ΪƷͬƷԳϵûָ㣬Ҳߵ۷塣
ܹߵһȻܶ࣬ǹ׻ǳϧ۵ࡣ
ŵһ࣬˵ʦĸһĴڡ
㰡
˼꣬ǰһ˼꾹ȻѾĸ֣иˡ
Ϊ˼ȷʵǵ²ˣڿ˼Ϊжʱˡ
Ƚ˵
漴˼˵˺ͷ
㵨ӲСҶҵӶ֣
ΣɷɱҶӣұɱŮ˵
ɱãʲôһӣ
˵
׷ɱңҳɵ֮˲ԭѰ㣬ҳһˣ
ᵽ£ʱɫһ䣬곤ٶȼ죬һյĳƷҲгִѹ
ҲǸĳ̬ѹ½콾
ǺɳٶԽԽ죬Ȼֲ֮ʱ䣬Ѿƽƽ
֮Ϊ˱ܳâŶ˲ԭ
ԭ֮а򣬼ΪɵĳҲҹ롣
ֻԭΪ˫ʵӦ޼㳤ǿӦҲǿ̫ࡣ
ڣ˭ܱ˭ǿ̫ء
ΪȻͳ࣬ȴҪܳâΪѾӣֵ׳ꡣ
ܳŵپãܵҲһ
ܿʼ·Ѫѣÿһδս˵Լ
Ȼϰװ׵볤ƴˡ
ˣŮ˵û£
˵㲻ҪɱǣҪǣƳ޵еĵģҸѡҪôأҪô£ҿɷһ·
ŮɫΪѿĻ£տɻˣ
زѾûʲôָˣҲѾߵ˺ΣӶѾ
žΪһ档
̫
Ůŭգڲԭϵλܸߣδ衣
̫Σ˵ֱչˣͱˣΪѾûô
ʱŮŭݣѾмֺڳΪ˳ͷ
£أ
ظһ飬ޱȱ䡣
Ůʱŭȵ̫бɱң
˵Ȼɱ㣬ҾԸ
Ůʱˣ¶־飬ɲǼ䣬޾ĺ⣬УȻȷ˽еȨֱӳųķݺ
ɲǼ䣬·һȨһǳ䵽˳ǰ
Ŀһۣϳ֣ذ׵˳ȥɲǼ䣬Ȼͬ񻰴˵еoһ㣬׾ٵĽǳС
ȨݻǳȻٴ˿
ʱƾˣǳˡ
˻ֲĻеʱ򣬳λζһ˲䣬ѾŮǰ
Ůγɵûκãͬȵֱͣӱƿ
ذ׵ƾֱŮؿڡ
أ
ŮؿڱֱӴ˸Դ˲ը鿪Ԫûӳȥֱһ
Ůͱߡ
һֵںܶ˵ͬϴҩֵǡ
ֳһļž˶ĿɿڴĿһĻֻúֹͣˡ
һڵĸְȻô˵ɱɱˣ


2415 ۷
ƺ⾪˵ֶθסˡ
Ů˵ɱɱ
ֳѻȸ˶ס˺
˵ɱɱûκ֣ҲѾ㹻𺳡
Ͼ֮£ѾǾĴڣ۷ĸǼΪġ
ڳʩչʵѾ˶ˣѾ۷ľڡ
Ļô׾ٵɱŮ
֮Уֳ֮һ۷ڸĿǰĴ˵ʣҪġ
νʢᣬʲôҪϷƾҲ䣿ĿԽˣ䵽Ӫ֮У絶ĿһȺˡ
£ʱܵһǿѹͬղŸϱһһ޶
ɲǼ䣬ǿƳˣ⣬һӾͶ˳գ˺˿ռ䡣
֮ץһֱƬ
ǿƣ
ʵ̫ǿˣ
˵ⳤǿƣҪǿƳ̶ȡ
ǿ¼ˡ
£˶֪ʱ˿òһò˵һ֮֡
ʱΨѪսò
ĵλǿһһѪսɱģΨѪսŵ춨ĵλ
ۿҪ֣߶жһɹɿֲϢͷų
ͳߣֲʲôèݳ˶Դ
أʱһֲӰ˳һͷǿߣ˹ҫ۵Ĺâֻһ˾͵˳ǰ
ٶȳֵֶΡ
۷
˾ܶ˼̵ľϳǿߣȻ֮һ֧ǳǿȺߡ
һߵ֮УҲϺŵǿߣ׷Ѫһķ֧
һߵĻ壬ϵ¶պա
һͻȻʧ֮һŴ֧Ϊ֮еĶһ塣
Ҳ̫Եˣ˵ɱ˾ɱˣô
ȴһɿֲѹŰ۷ѹƥС
һ࣬ʮΰвɲơ
֮̾Ͷס˳ͷųĿֲơ
㲻ĻоѪҲֵôĿǰ
˷׷Ϣ
˶֪֮Уһأǵһġ
ȥѪ֮еʣ׵ɱΪ
һ̾ᣬֻǵĿǰΪֹû˵ɹˣƺȱʲôҪĲĵر
һҲֻѣܹɱѪΪĻôлͻƵʾ
ʱ˵ҪߵĶࡣ
һ֮УһֱǱȽϵ͵һ壬Ȼʵǿȴٸ
ΪҲϣһ彫󲿷ֵľ޸ϡ
һɹһ嶼пܾѪΪ˵еһ塣
ǸʱһҲΪݵߣ¶пܡ
ûбҪȥ¸ԣ
ΪΪһ壬һûʵ£һΪһ壬ɾͿԺɨ¡
ѰԶ˵ûκ塣
¸ܣֻôȥˣһֱûһɹ嶼ףֻʲôȱ޷޸
Ҳģ
ν߾֮ȻѾ߱ͳµʸǾͽ󲿷һμݴȥڸ˵õѡҲҪѪȷ磡ڣ֮ǰ
ǰ壬ҲˣֻҪǻҳݡ
ֱ֮飬֮Уνеٮٮߡ
һȵģ֮еһ㣬ڴһȵ壬ƺֻһ𣬵ʵ˫ĵλҲʮǧ
һμ壿Ҳ䣿˵
ڤ粻飡˵ȱһʵѪʸҵãսһ壡
ԣʱһƬȻ˶ը˹
֪ڿЦΪһ屾Ѫ߲һĺҲɻȢ壬ĺһ塣
࣬Ŀ


2416 ǰδеľϣ
еŭȼգ޷ء
۷ǿ֮һȻԼ
˸ƷǿƽȶԴ۷ߡ
˵볤Żûף
ʢᣬΪֻǿô˵޸ңΪһڱȫ㣬ǴĻҵѪڴ˸𣬱ϾǴ̫棬ʱڼһ棬ǵܣɵ֮
ɵ÷׷׵һ
˶û뵽Ȼ˵⾪ܣȻ̫档
Ŀ꣬һ˻Ѿˡ
һ뵱꿪һҲ൱ľˡ
ѾǾԶ˶벻ʱˣϾߣԶԶһ˳Ҳһޡ
ƵĻ
ȻʹĿ̫Ȼһʱģ˶׷ɵˣǸʱʱڣȻܾˡ
Ŀ̫涼ŶˣȻ׳꣬ѰҪ峤ǳĳ١
Ҳ̫ˡ
ܿ죬Ͼ뵽ˣܿӦǾ˶ߣڼ䣬ʱſԼٵ١
Ļܴڣ
ϹʱڣҲߵֶΣӦǴһ֮дֶΣһʮҲδܵһҪʲʢǸܵġ
漴ܿ죬˶Ӧ˹⻰ʲô˼
ȻһϾͳ˺ɵ顣
ҲֱӸ㣬ʢᣬΪ˷ɢʵ¹ǽѣ˵֮УоԵš
ʢ᱾Ϊǰһ򾡡
Լʵ
Ͼĵϴ֣Ὣ帹شɽ֮Ľռƻ
Ҫǣ帹أ־ܹ˽ʵߵԶߡ
ȻȴҲҪʮ־˵Ĵۣ
˲Ͼˣʱ֪
ɽ֮ƣ
µҲʱˣǸɽ֮ƣ˵Ǹı
ǸûеѡȸһµЭĻô˵һ֮֡
Ǹ˵ֵ֮ʢᣡ
ֲ֣һ֮Ҳܶγ֮ơ
ߣ
ϾҪ˺ѿռ䣬뿪ʢᡣ
ȻһȻס˿ռ䣬óҪ˺ѿռ뷨Ϊޡ
ӣ
ϾͷӦ˹ȻԶһտɫĹڲϵö
ں֮£һ۵ĺɫһɿֲϢס˳
þûгζˣ
ڴʱ֮УһӰֳһѪɫӰ´żΪֲϢ
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ֲѪɫӰǱˣڲԭĺŷа
Щаǰһ壬չ˳ưԲԭĺ塣
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ȻڣΪΧɱ壬Ȼ
´ʱȻˣѹһ塣
۷߳ųƹȥ֮⣬дǿҲЩǿ߱˹
кӶסǼҪҲûбİ취
һʱߵĿֲϢͷţضҪˣ֮иֹ⻪˸ضڲ
һ˲Ͷӵ˼£ÿһ˶ҪϵͬǿߵΧ
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ħս֮ʧ̫ˣʵĲࡣ
ɱԸѪս
ǿߴһ˲䣬ͱһֻץһߵץ
Ѫսƾǣڤ粻飡
ֻб飬ǽµ
һ仰վҪǴ̫渴Ȳǣ˵ģ
ߴһ𶯲񷣬ֲϢضƵıˡ
ȻĻ䣬ȴһֲĵâ˺ѿգɲǼ仯һǹ͵һ˴֮ϡ
¡
һʱ䣬ɳˡ
ʲô
һżϷŰ


2417 ʹ죬ɱʤ
˵Ŀⶼת˹ȥ˵Ŀ֮Уһ˴ʵ죬Ƭ֮䣬Ѿ˵ǰ
ĳ֣ǣ˵ģ£˶˻
ʱʵ̫ˡ
壬֮ףȴ䵽ĵزΧˣ
ǰǴδ뵽䵽³
˵ʱһ𣬲˶ϲˣǵʱ򣬿ʱȴ·𿴵ϣ

ǳˣ
ֶھȻǵӡ֮УƷֻѣƺս֮ɲʲôó
ǸղųƷոճֱɨһƬĳʵ̫ˣҲʵ˼ڴ
Ʒ󲽶ϵķɡ
뵱ǸѾȫ֮ͬͬһ㣬ԳһƬ졣
˼꿴Ʒʱۿһ죬ԭսڴ˵׼ȴؼʱ򣬳Ʒˡ


˻ߵغ֪˭ȿʼȴмַ
ĸҲ׷׿˳ƷڳƷǲİһ֮УһĴڣ֮ǰνǴټͷ
һʵ֮УҲڼΪǿġ
Ʒ㲻úôԶǣھȻãһɱˣ
֮һʮǿߴ˹ĿųƷδһ춯صߣ㲻Ǹˣ壬עҪ
ɱңƷһĨЦΪƾǣܹõô
ʱһˣڽɫϼ֮УΪֲ
ҲûʲôĶֻ϶һ˳ì
ì᳤գֱӾֱųƷͷ­
ǿµɱ¾
һ˲䣬ռ䶼һì̴ˣ̳һ󶴡

˶ĿʱֻƷֻǼ򵥵ָͽֲһìסˣָ֮䡣
ֲһҲá
ôܣһԼĹƾȻƷ׾ٵļסʱʧɫ
Ҳûκԥȫµķڿķķļӳ֮£һӳֵһµľ硣
ȴ֣ԼȻ޷Ʒָ
·ָɽѹϣá
ϱŷǧķĹâƥ֯һɽųƷѹ
ϵֶΣߵֶΣ
ķԻͨ
Ʒ˫ֱŽ˿µѵϢɲǼͽһͨ˺ѿ
µֱ֮һϣһ˺飬Ѫ֮󣬱Ʒһֱץߣ֮ϡ
ɱ
һ˵ʵ򲻹ֻǶ̶̼ʱ䣬˫սѾֳʤԺ£¸Ϊ֮ĿĺȻƷֱ˺
ҪôƷ˵Ǿʹʹ죬ɱʤ
˶𺳣ƷԿνʯƾ죡
¶ͬ飬ʱѾûκ˻нҡ
Χ˼ѾȻˡ
֮ǰ֮Իѡ񰴱ûħսʱ򱳺ͱ
ħ屻شѾˣҲûʲô󻼣ȫ֡
˶ףȻѾ˺϶ưոݡ
նɱɾ𣡡
һ
ǻѾǰ۶ɱգ֮գ
Ϣʱɫ䣬ʮɽ֮֮һҲ֮пܳΪʵĴڡ
ֶ뵽һµĺ۶ƣڵ۶֮˵ɱô˵ֱ֮֡
Ȼ²еӴĻʳȻĻʳ֮ס
ĻʳˣôµľҲ֮ˡ
˵ô
أƷ֮һץֱһѪԴ
µĸһʱɫ䣬ΪǸԴǻԴ
Ȼӿð䣬Դ֮ϻŵķĲƭ˵ġ
ÿһ˵Ϣȫͬģ˭Ҳð䲻˱ˣΪˣϾ˹ǻˡ
Ȼ֮ǰļƻʧˣһ·Ϊɱ۶ɱȴնɱ
һ·³ȻҲӹɵġ
Χɱ壿ƾôƷһЦԵޱȵɭ䡣


2418 شа
·תʲôз·תǷ·ת
֮ǰ˻¸һ·ֱȡ۶ĴС
ȴû뵽һ·˧ͷѾ
νǴϲ󱯣
ΪѾ˾˭룬ȻϮ̡
Ѿף
ڣ㴦ΣգȴҲΣյľأ
ʱգΨѪսɱһ·ɱδ
Ʒ
䣬ƷͳˣɲǼ䣬ݻ޾ǳţƷֱһ˳ȥɴӡһֱһǿߡ
ս˲ٶȿ
˳ƷԮɵһ۷Χֻһֶѡ
ز࣬ϵĲ࣬Ծ
ɱȥɱƷ
ʱǲԭ֮гаһֱųƷķɱ˹
аȵ˲ͷ˿ضΪһƬа򣬽ƷС
ɱңҲÿܲˣ
ƷȻ޾塣
¡
˻ûֱӽ֣˫ķѾʼײ
۷ֶΣ
һֱڣ˲ȷˣƷ϶Ѿﵽ۷Ϊ
֮ǰֻɳƷܿܳΪ۷塣
ڣ֤ʵϢƷȷʵѾ۷壡
巽˵ƷͻȻڶֵķûôԡ
˫ײ֮Уâƣء
аͷųϢаƷϵϢȴǸ󣬺Ȼ
ǳƷϵ򣬸ؼȫаĿǡ
Ȼ˵еزѾȫĿƵ⣬ҲÿΪ
Ϊ֮£ȻпƵġ
ڷײ֮УŽѤõĹ⻪
ײļһ˲䣬ͳ˻ĸԴڣͬʱҲֳʤ
Ʒֱƿаа
ƷĹֻɲǼ䣬ѾΧĿռı
һڸҲ׷ױܿڽ֮еˣҿ
û뵽ĺ֮УȻĽʹҲκ𣬵ܵÿ죬ͽǰƤͳͳԵˣ
аЦ
аĻ֮͸¶һֲϢȻǵĿʱھʹڵϴڡ
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ڳĶѾΪĸ֣Ȼ֪һЩĿʱڵ顣
ʱ̫沢һֺɨ£ǰν緢ɨ£һֱӻӾԭȴڲԭǰδеĴܡ
˵ͨʧڲԭģͲֻһ𣬿˵Ǵĸʧ
һ̸Ļʳǰδеʧ֮󣬴ĻʳĹҲɹƱơ
µĸ˵һγ衣
ԭܹһݣȴΪһεĲҰܹˣòĴڡ
оͺǰһֻайϵ
ɫѿڲԭֻһֻа˵һȺڵģЩа˺壬˺ѿ
ߣʲô
ƷЦЦһɲǼ䣬ֱӶˣһֱ֮Ӻ䵽ǰ
һֱӺа
аһֻһɿֲϢֱŰ˹Ҫɱ
а򣡡
аһŹϵҲ֪ʲôģÿһֶĪķ򣬱ǰδеܡ
ƷĶ赲һ£һݣǻһȭ䵽аϡ
أ
ֲĹ˾񳱣аһȭɳȥǧ
ۣ
аһѪ˳ûƷһȭ顣
أ޷󣬳Ʒôôǿ
Ҫ˳Ʒһ£ᱻıѿ
ͬ۷壬ƷҲǿе̫ˣһȭԪȼ򱬡
Ƭ֮аȫµҲͻָ˸߰˰ˡ
һָԶѰĻָٶҪĶˡ
һӣٶȱƷһȭı顣
쵽Ӧ
ƷĽ²ŷ򻯳ɵĹ⻷
֮ݻٶȷ򣬽ٶһӵ˼¡
ҲЩ֮νһͨͨһݻǧͬķ
ǧһһ
񣬳ƷҲڴﵽ硣
ûõģɱң
аĿųƷ֮мֺڡ
ڳ˯֮бѣѪ飬ٻ۾ԵС
ȴնɱǱˣǰĳƷ


2419 ӡа
ǸʱѹûƷ֮ѡ˳˯ûиա
׼ѣĹа˵˵׼Ρ
һ̫ˣʤʮֹϣڴ̫濪֮ǰ
֮սʵϾСӹҼҶѣֻдֲ̫ԭһսǴ󶯸ɸꡣ
֮󣬻ûôֹ
벽Ҳֻ϶ѣûȤա
ԭƷ㲻ѰţҪҲðԺʱпܡ
ܹ۷壬ܹԼȼ磬ǿҲС
Ͼôܹ࣬ﵽ۷Ҳ١
һż
˭뵽꣬ƷǵѾҸǳɾ۷塣
սȫԼоԼʧˣȫȫʧˡ
˵Ҳû뵽гƷĹ֣Զ
ӳƷͲϵĴ˶֪
ɱ㣿ҲŻɱˣ
ƷһЦ
Ʒָȭпֲķڷڣһ˲䣬Ѿݻ˰˲аѹȥ
ѹؼһаħͶԿ
䣡
һȭֽаı
ÿһȭشıռѿ
а񱻴ıɳȥϿѪѪ
ԽԽЩаÿһر𣬲һʽһѪ顣
Ѫ飬ֻѾˣаȴԼֵڣԻָ
֮ĳصʣԲϵĻָơ
аѾûƢˣոջָͱƷһȭɢᣬֺɢ

а񲻶ϵ
ôܣ
аأԲţȻƷӡ
Ʒûֱӽа˫֮˸Źâǿһеۣ֮Ȼаǰʲô
վҲ۷塣
óƷȤǣаԲǿֶģطģһָ֡
ָ죬İʱĶˡ
̾ͿַеαаıʣڳƷָı
Ȼǵ˺֮еЩѧңʵͬն
Ȼܹ۷ĸⱾǺܾ顣
ΪˣԾ뵱̫濪Ѿȥˣһа޴
һͷܹôã¶лʾˡ
Ʒ鿴ǵıʣûмڽɱ
аҲ˳ƷĿģиŭա
ŭɶ
ǶôĲһ׷ɱ̫棬ھȻ˵һĿ
㾹ȻСң
аŭɶϵ
Ʒ䣬С㣬Σ
û´Ļ㲻Ǳ˴ĸɣôû˿Ĵôǻȥˣ
Ʒ
аʱһΪԴǺճûܹóء
˵ǵʵ̫ǿˣܹ֮ǲĶûж٣ˣÿʱǷëǡ
Ĵڣ໥֮䶼ܼɵһ㲻սϾÿ¼˭ҲԸΪһЩ
Դ̫һδս֮󣬾ûʲôٻԭΪڴĻʳʵȻʢȻ͸ʵ˵翪ʱ
Ļʳǵ˽ⶼ٣ֻ֪ڲԭһȺа
ǰĳƷȻһν־Ϳǵʵ
а˳ƷĻŭգȵ
аţŹϵ޲ҪƷֱɱصΪֱ䵽ƷϣҪƷڻ
Ʒ˲Ž˽ɫĹâֱӽЩĻ
һȭֱӺ䵽аϣ
аҽһٶȱѿʱ򣬳Ʒˣа֮УһصʣٶȽ
ҷӡ
Ʒһֻץ˳ȥֱָӻ׻ȸ䣬룬ؼ֮һӾͽаӡסˡ
׼ȷ˵ǽӡһ״̬֮С
ķѵ״̬ѹס漴ͱƷһץɽͼĿռ֮С
Ʒûнնɱ˼ǽҪץߣо֮еܡ
ڳƷУ̾ԭһȺа񣬺δУлооȻŹ
һ˵ʵһӶûȥ˳ƷѾս֮⣬սѾս


2420 к
ƷѾȻ˶֣аӡ
սȴڻս֮С
Ȼ˳Ʒļ룬Ȼ֣ھʵϵĲȴǷǳԵġ
ĽڽڰˣȻ޿ˣΪ˷Ǹĸ֡
ƷĵǼļĸֿ֣˹
ǳƷǺɨһĻа񣬽аӡ
Щƴǣĸֶɵùأһʵʮܹӳ˳ɡ
˶֪֮սҪıǼ۷弶ĸ֮ʤ
һѾڳƷˣøĸֹƶɵΪ֮һ͡
һ֮״ϲͺʵΧ֮£˵ΪǱ᧿Σ
ҲܲѾܻɱˡ
˵ûܹʱնɱھȻıȵ˰֡
Ȼıȵ˰֣
һֱӳųƷ˹
䣡
ս˲䱬Ӵϵѹֲƣѹ졣
Ʒܣֱָȭһȭ
䣡
һȭ䵽˺ϣȻڲռ˲ըѡ
ͬʱǺֱӷȵƷվҲûãˣ˵ģ
Ӷ˫ȭɲǼ䣬ֱӻһ֮ˣųƷ˹
һ𶯻
Ʒ˿ãֱһ֮˿ֲײ
¡
ֲײٶȱ˳Ѫſϯ˳ȥ
˳ȥ˫ϼըѿںͳƷײֱһȭֱϵļ⡣
ˣֱϵļ⼸̾ͻָ˹ڴϵıƴ֮ȫ·硣
ֲ֮˼飬Ҳһ㣬Ժ͵ǿһս·硣
ڽֻϵĲ࣬Ѿ֮
Ҳ֪ƷʲôʣȻȻܹӳ˾˵
һ˲䣬˲˳ųƷķѹ
һɲǼ䣬·ѹĲǺӣһˮ硣
һĻʵǺ֮һߵĻʵշת˺С
ŻʵܹƵ˵Ǳ
ƷķӦٶǸ죬ͷϣɽͼֱӷ˳
ʵڵձ˼Ϊҫ۵Ĺâ

ֲײһɲǼ䣬𵴵񷱬˴ĹâһɿֲĻѹͷ˳
һߺĸֱֶ˳ȥ
ʵǻʵ֮ײ
˶𾪣Ƕ˵ʵȻǿĶ
ΪʵֻɻƳеڣѾǷëˡ
˵ģǾ͸ˡ
ΪϹʱû䣬Ϊ֮սԼҲҪ߾ȫ
ս֮УʵҲ֮٣ǳ׻
ܹдģָ
һȦһȦֲĴֲͬĹȦɢ
ռ䶼𵴣飬еĻ綼к˳
ĶţҲֻһ˲ѣѾˡ
׼ȷ˵˫ѾֳʤɽͼѾսʤ˺ӣȻӶ˽ȥѹɽͼڲ
ۣ
ˣȫڲ·ǿʲôȲ˼һ㣬š
ƷȻֻһ棬ѹ˺ӡ
Դӵõ˺ûйأǶԿĻʵҲû·
ʵ֮䣬˵ûиֵ֮ġ
Ϊ˵ǾǶ̫Զ̫Զˡ
Ψһ̵ܹʱڷֳʤģֻʹ֮ʵࡣ
Ҳ˵ʵһ˲ͱƷѹһ˲ȫȫ·硣
ܣ
ȫɽܣԼȻȳƷôࡣ
ͬ۷壬չֳʵƷҪʵ̫Զˡ
أʱ򣬳ƷĹѾһȭ˲ֱӺ֮УֱӺ˺
ͬӶ˫ȭͼֵ
һǽɫİoѹأһտɫĺˣ񷡣
˫Ľ棬ֻһ˲ѾֳʤǺ˲ѾҰˣֱӺ˷顣
ųƷȭƲֱӺк
ֻüҽһ㱻Уķ
Ѫ罦Ѫ׷ɡ
һ˲䣬ӭ˲Ұܣһ˲Ͱ˳Ʒ
ɢеԪ񱻳ƷȭȼȼգƬ֮䣬Ѿ˸⡣
һ۷ܣʱĳƷ¼ˣ
ͬһ


2421 ն
̵ʱ֮ڣƷѾնɱһȭȼ˺Ԫ
ٶ̫죬ںܶ˶ûзӦһоѾˡ
һĻϲӣ־ŭƷɱ¾ٶ̫ˣޱȼɵǿ־˳Ʒϡ
Ըȥɱˣ
ƷֱǿƲս
ڵõ˽ţȻͬ۷壬ȻȻϹҪ۵Ķˡ
ĴڣҲûס
ȻֲܹܣҪʵ̫ˣܡ
гƷ֣Ȼٺò顣
ߣһһȭҪ赲뿪
ȴƷֱסˡ
䣡
ĹƷɽͼֱͳͳ赲
ۿųнԶʧ֮Уֻܷ׷ɱס˳Ʒ֮УȻ۷壬ʵ˲ã廹ܹô
ֺηұʿУ
Ʒ˵
ϻ˵һ壬ų֮е壬ҲʶʶܵסҼȭ
ס㼸ȭʵ̫ˣ
˵
ΪѾӮôҲ̫СңΪǾܹôѪ˵ǾͲҵĶ֣
Ѫ
ƷЦһѪΪʲôһĽ֦ҲֻܳΪ֮е壬ȴԳһΪ֮ף
ѪĻԻͣŵǵԼŬ
ߵһҾֻ已̥Ҳնˣ
已̥Ц
һ˲ͷ˹ɲǼ䣬еĹǧ⣬ͬˮкһ㳯ųƷϯ˹
С
ƷһץȻֱӽЩǧץУƬ֮󣬾ѾʧӰˡ
϶һ˷컭ꪣһ˷컭֮ϵһ趯֮䣬ȻֱӻˣһľųƷɱ˹
ǿֲһܹɽΪ촷ۣܹ
ֲˡ
ؾʱ򣬳ƷͷϣɽͼϵתЩֱɽͼĿռ֮УܶԳƷһ˿һв
Ʒ˫ֱӳǰ˺ѿһ˲ͽǿֲһ˺ѿ
ȻƷ˹ָȭ޾ĽɫâУһȭѡ
o˲ֱӺɨضΪ֮
oͳķѹȥϷŭϵĺµĹҪoպ顣
ǸûãoƲɵ
ɴֱ࣬ӻ˱壬ֱӻһɵĿֲźǿֲһ
¡
ֲײɲǼųĿֲâͬκһ㳯˷ɢ˿
ȵһɢȥ˲ſڱըĵϵѪ
ղųƷȭӡǽشˡ
˿һĻɵõһ⼸ǰδе飬Ҫ֪һǿ̶ȣ֮УҲһġ
֮ͬУһû·
Ҳû¹˭
ͨϣҲһᶼǲģҲһˡ
͵Ľȴ˴ƷȫռϷ硣
𣡡
˷ŭȫпֲ죬ͬһ㣬ȫ
ͬʱǿͷ˳֮Уߡ
ƷɽӶпֲɹȣ޾ĿֲϢзӿ
һ˲䣬ɽӶͬһɽһ㣬ȥ
䣡
һֱӺ䵽ϣֲһֱӽͷϵĽǸֱӺˡ
һֱӽҵͷۻѪ
ǿᣬ鴫
ƷɽӶ˵
ĶУֱһ裬һ־޴衣
ƷڿһǿᣬһǿᣬȴǱƷͬɥ֮Ȯһ㡣
𣡡
ŭҪ
ǳƷ֮ȶһӾͳǰ
ǰ𲻵赲ãƷͬһѼ⵶˲ʹĸǰ
Ʒһڳһ֮УֱɨѪ׷ɡ
𣡡
ҽŭ
Ҫ룬ȴָûʲô취ȻƷصˣֱӽС
Ʒֳֳһͷ­նϡ



2422 նɱһգսĻ
ͷβƷʮֵĴݡ
ڳƷϸͲǶ֣
ѹɨ
۷֮УѾʮֲֿĴڡ
ڳƷУֱͬͯһ׾ٵնɱͬҶţһ㣬׾١
ԶԶŵĳոջһߣոմɱ䣬ɱ˼ߣƷѾնɱˡ
һֱзֳһڿ˵ս
˳Ʒ׾ٵնɱҲɵ¶־顣
ӳֱƷ׾ٵץסߴ磬Ȼ׾ٵס׾ٵնɱ
֪һƺܺɱĴ
ֻжôĿ£һһԳ׽ѹ·磬ҲֻܹԱʵѣûпܻ
ΪˣŸгƷĿ£
֪֮䣬ǸеЩ츳ĺȻѾȫȫԽԼ
˵˫Ͳһ֮ϣǳƷϻûлʵѹҪΪƷѾǴ˵еĻʵˡ
ڳƷնɱ֮ĸֶһӱˣϣѾʧˡ
ǳƷ׾ٵնɱ۷壬ǵֱǴֲ
ͬڿһһƷնɱ۷ô׾٣ôնɱǻ˵
һȫˡ
˵һӦҪߡ
֮Ӧĸһȫƴǣ˶֪ؼʱˡ
ԭǱѹŴÿһҪԺüǿߣ˵ʮֵࡣ
ƵߵЩĸ֣ÿһܣǵѹ
סǣˣ
֮в֪˭һȻ˲䣬ĸֶȫ赲סĸߡ

ĸִʱֻҪߣĸ֣ȻҪ赲ߣʱ׷״ŭƴ
Щֻ϶ǵʵ൱Ȼȫռ·磬ǹֻסһСʱ䣬ȴǴ´ġ
ʱڿȫſչɱ¾
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Ʒһ֣һвϵתɲǼͻһڳ
âֱͬһ⣬˳ȥ
һâڰ֮лĽ⣬ֱӳŸĸַӶȥ
Щâٶ̫죬Щĸּһ˲ͱ׷׺УһӾͱնɱ
أ
أ
أ
Щĸֱ׷ɨУ׷ըˡ
һ˲䣬ٸ۷壬벽ǿڣ˽֮£Ʒųһûа취ֵ
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Ȿһȷı̬
ȻȫռϷʱҲûҪһ·վҪ׽ĸָ
Ϊڶ࣬ΪһӹڣΪ֮׵ĻԻͣҲֻܴڹȥˡ
뵽ﻹʱĵͱŰ׷Ҫߡ
Ƕ׷סǣҲãʸҲã˼ҲãǻȻԺԺˣÿһѪս
ȡʱ䣬¶һҲãһ־ܹնɱһߣѹͻ
һıʣ˶ˣ干뷨ʵ֡
ʵƽ״̬һʵƽ⣬һоͻ᳹׸ı䡣
䣡
µһĻƷɱһ֮У֮ͬǰ˲²ǰ㡣
Ʒһڴ󶦣͵ȥ
һֱӾͱУȻը˿ԪһӺƬ
һ֮󣬳ƷûκͣЪͣչɱ¾Ƕ̶ʱ䣬гʮ˳Ʒϡ
һһɽӶĳƷֱǸǴɱɱ¾֮أֱֲ
ټϳһߺ嶥ֵϡ
һ֮ЩͳͳնɱһգڳƷҲڳȻԺԺҲ
˳Ʒ֮⣬˻ٶмǱڴ
Ȼ˵ľȴޱܣһսʵ̫ḻˡ
һս𾪡


2423 츲صı仯
һսսһ˵ٶȴݵ硣
嶼õϢν»ȻͬտĿˮˡ
Ƕʱһֱµ˵ֱǰδеĺϢ
һս£
˵ԭưݵĸ֣ħѾ˷츲صı仯
ԭ֮ףһӾΪ֮ĩ
˶ڸп±ʵ̫ˣ˥ֻʮʱͶȻˣ˶û뵽
ĵλ᧿Σ·һҹ֮䣬Ŀԡ
ֶԸʲôͻϮӦ˵ıϽҪ˳ڵ
Ҫ壡
ϣȻҲԼܹ֪
߲ѣȴûа취Կħս֮УѾʧ̫̫ʵ͵̡
ʵ۷ʱڵ֮һ硣
֮Ѿǵס
ʶ֮ʿѾʼδ涼⡣
Ȼ˭뵽һƵߵֻһҹ֮䡣
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ԭĴĸҲһҹ֮䱻նɱһա
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Ʒƶʢһԭ˿ӦδϣδһʱĶ
ֻ˭û뵽Ȼô̵ʱ֮ھͳɳѾΪĶ
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µǣƷֳʵƺ۷֮УҲһĴڡ
ڴУĸе۷˵һɫ˳Ʒ
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ȻֻǰᣬֱӽаһնɱŤתơ
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Ʒǿ󣬼Ǹоǵļᶨ־оҪˡ
νǼ褺
ȻȻһôֺαгƷǿĴء
һ֮ɹ˶ˣһƽŴ콾һ֮
ǱϵķǣٶҲֻ֮ܳԡ
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ҲΪĵģνһɽݶο۷
ƷֻѰԳ֮£ʵֻ֮϶֮£ֻ֮Ҳϵĸ֡
˶ڲ²⣬Ʒκദʱ򣬸ոջعĳƷ֯ԶԶ塣


2424 Զ
ʤ׷˶ģ
Ͼ٣
ȻҲӦһʱ֮飬˭Ҳû뵽Ʒոշ֮󣬼̾֯ԶԶ塣
˶۾Ʒ֮ûͶȨ֮Уֱ֯ԶԶ塣
Ҫ֪ԭ˵֮У۷ĸֹ棬һɽݶ
ʵȴûͬǰ㣬˫ĶȨ
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۶֮УֻҪȫϳƷԶ
һ£Ļʳľһ֧һ֧ıµʱ䣬Ѿۼ˱߾
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ʱ¾ۼŭһҪһйķֻڱѡеǺ壬ǵȻûҪ嵲ǹĴ㡣
ʱȫȫԱ
֮ǰƷ֯һԶԭʱѾȫõĸˡ
ʱƷ۷׼һʵȻǿҲǳźڴĻʳı߱߾˳ûһѡ
ʱ˭֪Ʒ壬ûǸʵʱԶҲͬû
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ʱΪγŻĶˣƷһ֣ӡ
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Ҳϰ˽ȥ磬ʱǷȻΪˡ
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Щ֮УҲмǺ½ߣǺġ
ʱǺЩ𼴽ΪߵĹؼʱ
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࣬
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һӰӲԭ˳
аа񣡡
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а޵У
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2425 ɱа񣬶һ
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аа񣬳Ʒɫ䡣
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ⱾҲϳ
ټʱ֮ڣƷץסһֻаоƷҶ϶Ща񲻹һЩа
ֻ˼Ϊֲֲֿܹа
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ɲǼ䣬ҪϯƷϯ
ֹĻֻֻһ£ͻʧء
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𣡡
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һ˲䣬аѾɱ˳Ʒһ
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ȻʱƷĻⱻһаʴ
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аֲţԼа򣬿˵ǷǳǿģͬҲκһ۷ߡ
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һش
аӳƷĹΧҲߣͱƷһȥԴ
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һ˵ʵ򲻹ֻǼ֮䣬ԭľ֧а񣬾ô˳Ʒϡ
ɱ
򵥵һͽаɱˣ
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һԴϸܿĲûѪһַӡеԪȫӡаǿĻָûκ֮ء


2426 벽ʾа
죡
ʵ̫ˣ
Ʒնɱаٶ̫ˣ쵽˶û뵽ĵز
ǲԭеаǲҲе̫ˣ

˵ıҲ࣬еаȫͬഫĴ˵УԭаǼΪֲĴڡ
Ǵ̫浱һȺ˽Ҫɨԭ
ڿƺԭаҲûд˵еôֲ
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ڻѳ˯һ֮еһа
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а赲סһֻ֣һ˲ͱȻһӾͱץס˲
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аҪǸûа취
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Ʒη壬ӲЩаа򣬳а֮С
ͷ϶ɽͼƷη壬ʲôĹ˲Լ

ɽͼ֮УһڹӴз˳ɲǼ䣬͵ϵĲƣ˲Ͷסһа
Ʒ󣬵ֱ׷ȥһƻӡȻаشɲǼ䣬ͽаֱٶץɽͼ֮С
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Լͬ鱻ӡЩа񶼷ˣƴųƷǿ˹
ϵڳƷ߲ûʲôô
ͷϵɽͼĶƷ㱻һаΧҲû˿Σգ֡
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ʱҲΪʲô̫ΪʲôӲԭ˶
ΪԭȻôаѹֺԹڲԭ֮϶ûа취ƽ
վôа񣬾ȫµΧȫʧܡ
ħʵпǿƽԭа
ʵϵľ޴ࡣ
ЩаǵĿǣƷɱȴ̫һҪµĶˡ

ĸ

ûãѾʮа񱻳ƷץסӡˣԭǵضаҲֻʣˡ
ʱЩа֪
˴໥һۣЩаһ໥ӵһ𣬽ųƷͿЩаȻȫں
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Ȼ
ƷЦһЩа£һ֮ʵ
֤ˣǶͬԴܹ
ǰаʵȻѾԽѰ۷壬Ƶϣ벽ߡ


2427 аˣҲ
һӰ޳ǿڳ֮Уһ˫ѪɫӿΪˡ
ֲϢ֪֮ǰҪǿ϶١
аǿһ֣˴̫൱궥ߡ
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ƷҲû˿ãͬһȭ˳ȥɲǼ䣬ضҪת
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һУ׽
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Ʒһȭ󻯳ǿooѹһУɲǼ䣬Ѿ䵽аϡ
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аһȭУҲûа취⣬һӱըˣаѿһ˲»Ϊһȵа
Ʒһֻץ˳ӭǣԽԽ󣬻˾޴ķӡһӾͽǿаӡסȻ˲ɽͼĿռ֮С
Զа֮еЩȫڵأɪɪ
ǿе飬̷Ща
ȻЩŷһӵа񱻳Ʒɱɱӡķӡ
аˣҲˣ


2428 帲
£
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ں󷽵ĴĻʳڵõϢĵһʱ䣬Ϳʼ֯ԭԭĻʳطΧ֮ڡ
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óƷľԳָ컻أܹΪ己Ϣ֮ء
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ƷȻʾ˺壬ǵ̫涼û顣
Ʒȴˣ
Ҳȫȫ˵֮⡣
Ҫ֪ڴ֮ǰԴ޶Եԭ򲻹ǾóƷĸ壬Ҳشѡ
̶ֳֻȣǻǴ󶯸ɸꡣ
Ͼܾˣ໥ĥʵҲ⡣
ò׽ŭ˺壬˭ҲŭкԼϡ
ϾѪծ岢ȺҪ٣壬߽ϣÿ춼֪жҪ̻
עش壬úʵһʱĴ㡣
Ҳ㣬˳ԭ
Ͼ˶֪ڲԭаĴڣٶڲԭһȺаĴڣѾ㹻֤岻ڱ
˫ܾ໥ӣǸĴ㡣
˶δ뵽ǣƷȻһ˺壬һ֮ʢݵжë
Ǹĸ߲㣬ڵ֪Ϣһ˲䣬ֻо󱳷
֮еʵȻμģҲ׵ġ
ھȻȫǶ֣׾ٵĸаȻһһնɱӡ
ƷһֲʵѾݸ嶼Ϊ֮ɵǿʵѾ˸ܹܵļޡ
ƻݵƽ⣡
ԴӽʱѾʱ䣬岢δй仯һ屻
øĻ̻̣ԼͳһȺ
屻ôܣⲻڿЦɣ
Ҳţв٣аıӣôܾ㱻ˣ
Ǵ̫涼δ飡
¼ĸҪˣ
˶ںڰ֮оϢһ˵ٶȴ£ҹѣõϢ֮Ҳ˯š
ʣ⽫Ӱݸֵһ¡
ڴ֮ǰƾ˶δ뵽ȻԱֲ
ʱƣԽԽΪ֪ŷ֣ԭʵһ˲ô࣬Ը塣
Ϊжһ
½߱˶û뵽Ŀֲʵһ֮⣬ǻɱͳβԭ꣬ݶкպа
ǳƷĴڣͺƽ⡣
ûа֮󣬺ѾʧȥΪ֮һʸ
ȫ£Ůٶ¾һգеǿ⵽ͨ߱ɱ
¾һֱһ֮󣬲ŸոĻ
һֵϴ֮󣬺ڲԭ֮еĴڣڶ̶ʱ֮ڱ
кĳǳرƽ𣬺аҲһһİ
ȻһЩ⣬ΪһȺϵĺѾ׵׵ı˸ɾݲ


2429 ôĵ
屻׽ɾѾһºˣ
ȻԭΧǳ󣬱ķΧҪĶࡣ
ͨ˵һҲꡣ
ǲΧ˵徫񶼲һˣ񻰴˵е½ɡ
ЩȫΧˣѾ֯֯ķĲԭѾû˿
Ȼһ֮󣬺ǳ׸
ȴֻ֪ʱ⡣
û򣬺û˷Ŀԣ
ǳƷͳŵһߵɱߡ
úûпѡ
ڻ֮࣬ͬʱҲʮֵĺ£Ϊ֮ǰٵվ
ʱıóѣôֱ룬ں³ͻΪ³
Ůٱ¾һգдбһ˿һĿԡ
并ӲдûȺıӻɥ֮Ȯѣ϶ᱻ裬޻֮
ΪˣимһиıģǱˣǳƷ
ûгƷͻȻҪٵľ棬ֱǲ
Ϊ㹻ϣһи·ѫȵȣ׷׶ǰݼƷ
˶óڿʼﲻһԾ
Ȼ䣬ǳƷӵеĻȨֻҲ֮¡
ƷԸĻɽͷ⽮ֻ´ĻʳҲûа취
Ҳ¿ľ棬ò׿ĻᣬȴᱻַѺ͸ϡ
ڳƷƺʲôĬûд֣ûʲôڽǡ
ƷҪ֯壬ȫϡ
ƽ֮󣬳ƷҲеľȨֱӻصԶǣƺҲûкһϸµ˼
˫һ˿Ĭ
ʱˣһЩ˿м䵽ʲôԭ
ҵ۽ޣֻڲȨϣŻΪᱬսȻλϵѾСͲǶѹѹĸˣ
˵ڣڿˣ֮ûзеĳͻΪ˫ĸѾԽڲȨСӡ
һ꣬ƷԶǣûиĶ
۷׷ףзӯ죬ƷûгЩǰݼϣȵѰ߸ϵĴﶼûܼƷһ档
ֻԶԶڳƷסңңһݱ뿪ˡ
ԶУƷĸ֮ۡУһգȴӭλȨصĴ
Ʒأܾǿǰݼ
һʱ䣬ǿ߷׷ǰ
вٳеѫͬǰݼʱѾץ׼˳Ʒ֮ĬʱݼƷļɵ
һʱ䣬ǿ߷׷Ƽ༴˵ģҲʹߣϧĵر
ȺӢͣ
˿˳ŷֱ֣ӽһأԭĳȻ󣬵ȴôˡ
ǳƷĿռУγؾ
̾ΪֹԳƷĿռо岻ѣƷʵҲˡ
ֱӻУӡʮͷа֮󣬳ƷѾʵµһֵͷ
ӹɵģ
ԭ֮еһ֣ʰһͷа񶼹ǺģȻƷȴԻеа񣬲ҽͳͳ¡
˼ٲϲƷˣҲóϣԳƷʵھݣ޵С
Ʒƾճһֳ֮ղڴﵽ˸߳
ݼ
߲°ݣƷһ֮󣬲˵λƽ
л
ƽһｻƱյԱ֮
Ŵ̤Ŷݹǵַ׷
ȻƷԺգʵҲԶǱϾҲ֮һ
磡
ŹֵѾˣߵߣһں֮ڣһ˲֮У
һǰȻ˺壬ȴ⣬ӹһ٣֮󣬾ʧӰ١
ҲһֱѰ˵䡣
û뵽һӵ˺壬һӵ֮С
Ѿ̽˺һλ귽λ
ŵ˵һݹ⻯һö֮Уһں֮еķλ
ôĵӣȻҰҪ
ǽԲܷŹߣ
ɱһӰ٣ɱӺ
ŵʱһƬɱ
ߣôĵӣ
Ʒһ漴˫һ˺ǰĿռ䱻˺ѿһѷ죬ѷĶǺ֮ĳһؾ
һߵĺС


2430 
һǱޣû뵽˾Ȼܹ˺ѿؾĿռ䣬ֱӽ¶˵ǰ
Ʒ
һɴ۾˲εѡ
Ʒֱӻ˺壬ں֮ϵа񶼱ˡ
βսľ
Ҫ֪ȻҲ߾磬ȻʵϺߺаž޴Ĳࡣ
³ΪߣҲаƿصѣܷˡ
ǵΪǲܿ뵽۷塣
ΪѧаԼҲŲ۷壬Ϊ˱֮гֿԺǱȼĴڣӶúƿأаǴڵĹȱݵģ۷塣
ǷӦʱѾˣһΪѾٹˣǷϹҲûпͻơ
ϾеزѾ˲֪ʱ䣬ʣѾǸһͻˡ
аǿֶƿЩǡ
ԶܹаĳƷֱûеֿ˼ֱӶ㵽˺֮С
ȻҲԸһǿĸҲ
˭Ҳû뵽巽ȻôѾҵ䡣
־ܣ
Ʒһ
Ҳǵ֮زȻóʱ־ܣ¾ˡ
һȣϳһĹâѪӿͬס
˫ž޴ޱȵǳ
ɲǼ䣬ֵķϯ˿Ҫضת˹
ߣڤ粻飡
ƷһɲǼ䣬һֳֻѷһͷץ˹ȥ
䣡
Ǻϱһ˲ͱˡ
ǳƷһֻ־ͽץС
ץһֻСһ㡣
˫ʵһĿȻӹɡ
ÿµʵʵѾ޵ˣ
³ʵѾԽǺͻʾȣҲֻ벽ˣ
ҺĴǳ壬Ļ룡
һĸֶʱϲӣǿƷͬץСһµץס˺ߣֻú󱳷˼˿ֲ顣
ʲôˣ
ʱؾ֮⣬ڴһŭ
Ǻŭ
ƷǺץˣ
߼ֱŭɶǵŴˡ
Ȼ˺ΪУҲδƷôĵӡ
Ȼֱ˺ѿռ䣬Ǻؾ֮С
ܣǺպﻹϣﻹǰͦ塣
һϢ˲ϯ˹Ҫ赲Ʒһֻ֡

Ʒһ漴һӡȥ
أ
һ߸ͱֱӺѪ
ʣһǰĳƷȣչһĳƷֲĴڡ
ƷޱߣһȥֱӽǸߴѣһؾ˲
ĺּ״ŭɶƷʵ̫ˣǽǺ忴ʲôֱǽǿūһ㿴
ûнǷ
뵽һںֳųƷȥޱ޾ųƷɨ
ƣ
Ʒһȣ漴һָŽ˳ԽԽ󣬲Ƭ֮䣬ͬǳޱ޾֮Ȼϯ
֮Щĺ׷ײҽűһն룬޾ĺˮֱܶԳƷһǰв
һ
ǿĺѾ֮ǰΧ֮бƷɱˣʣµĺֻǴһȵĺǿҲֻһڵĸ֡
ʣµĶ಻ڣڵĴڣּĴǳƷڵĶ֡
ֻһѣͱ
ȥú峼Ļ·һ
Ʒ
ּ
£һڴз׷һĻֻûڲζһա
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ûʵ֮󣬸ӹɡ
ţƷ䲼˵ڶּ⡣
彻ʮɽ֮еĺ㽫̤ƽʮɽĨȥ
߲Ǹʮּ壬Ⱥͬ
嶼Ǵ֮зѳģ˵ʣ֮ʹĳ衣
ֻҪһ壬жôĳ裬ƾĴڡ


2431 ѹ
ˣ
Ϣոմȥһҹ֮䣬˶ʶһֲʵǾǺѾˡ
Ȼڻдӣлдĸ֣򾳵ĸʤ
벽ĸֶкܶ࣬ʲôãڳƷһ֮£
Ѿ춨˳Ʒϡ
ֲֿʵνǹھ¡
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κһǿȺٲޱ޾ˣҪȴλжЩ֡
ǲܹάȺĹؼû֣ٶҲûκô
ڶ࣬ԴԴԴĵ˲ţһһĽ档
ЩߵֱӴ̡
ֱӱƷĶϴˡ
֮ȻΪٵĹŴ콾𣬵ľ֮£ȻǷƮҡ
û򣬾ζţֻҪһпܽ帲
㺣֮лһЩ̣Եֿ֣Ҳûκ壬ǿֶΣܵסڿµһֵĳƷô
ûκοܣ
˿ˣֻܹǳҲûпܴ
Ƿ̶ܹܴϣȡڳƷ̬ȡ
һɾһ֮䣬ܾһڹȥǲġ
뵽ǰʲʱǸʱ֮ķֱ𻹲ȷ׼ȷ˵ʱСȺɺܶȺɵǲ֪ѳɶȺ
Ǹʱһ֮ԣڸ֮ȺֶȺѳɲͬ壬ڲͬĻߵ¡
Ǹʱʲʵһһ塣
ڣƷҲƣȻ֣Ͷ֮ͿԻһ壬ƾǿǿġ
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·˻Ȼ֮䶼˴·岻Ǹոպħ֮˸ܾˣǴʷǿ۷塣
˶ףʵȷʵǴʷ͵ʱ򣬵һƷĥƽеĲˡ
Ĺ򣬶ֲܾһС
һº廹ûи׼ȷĴ𸴣Ǹ·ѾۼȻҪһˡ
ڲ̽Ѿԭ򣬴ʱѾĺһս
˵Ѿ޿ˣս£ܹǵͷ
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ֻҪлᣬ·Ź壬ҲԲ׷Źǡ
֪ڣѾû·ΪƷҪǽֻһڶѣҵһ֮󣬾ͺöˡ
巽Ҳ֪̽һ㣬Ҳڼӽۼ֮⣬Ҫ壬ں壬Ѿûʲô˹עˣѾǴ׵ĸʲôʱ
Ʒǿޱܣ¿˻һݵĿܡ
Ȼһ죬˶û뵽ǣֲһߣԭһλ
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֮лвٵĹŴ콾ģҲֹһλǶͻˣô˵ҲǼֵģ
˵Ӧ㽫ҪǷĻᣬǶԴǰ㣬նɱ
磬Ǹȴޱֹۡ
ʲô˲õģֳһλΣٳʮΣһͿɨ𣬸ûκѶȣ
ֻҪгڣһо̩ɽ
廹ܱQꣿη壡
㺣Ҳ޷˳֮⣬г۷һѹ磡
ѹ磬ṩޱȵš
˶û뵽ǣǺ֮߳󣬵һʱ䣬ǰԶǣݻƷ


2432 鸽
˶û뵽ǣһȻڵһʱĵǰݻƷء
ûһġ
к½Ҳڱ߾תǰ½ڲ
Ϸǿ˽ء
һȺа񲻸Ļʳܵ˽塣
ħʮҲûг׻˽ֻ˽С˲١
߽뵽˴Ļʳڲ۱ʲôʵܵһ̶ȵѹơ
ǻʾ֣ܹһ֮⣬˽Ӱ졣
ҲͻʾĲ
֮ǿȴҪȺʾȴѾǳȺ֮ϵĴڡ
ҲΪʲôϹ䣬ū۸ȺѾ˱ˡ
СĻߣҪκһȺ֮ϡ
Ǳ֮еĻҲܵȺԼȫȫһεĴڡ
ԶУƷӼ
⺣ΪᣬһɫƤͦΣ޳˶֮ˡ
ڼ˳Ʒ֮⺣Ȼ
庣
⺣Լ̬ŵĺܵͣһ˵ڣ۷ʵϿر𣬵Ǿ͵λ˵һġ
ûи֣֮⺣ʣǽԼڳƷ֮¡
Ȼ˿ȷʵû취ͳƷᲢۡ
ôʹˣȴҲóƷЩĿ࿴
ǣ
Ʒ˵
ó⺣ϢԲȹ̣ûв´ĻӦǿġ
仰˵⺣ΪһȺ֮󣬱ѡ񣬶ĳطǿнΪӰ벽
ĺǣһӶֻͣ磬û취
ΪһδҲһ۷ΪлᣬһĸʳΪʾ֡
ôԾǰ̡
⺣ôˣӹɣ϶Ϊ壬ȻһĳƷǰʲôȻĻ̻̣ĺ˵ǾҪˡ
ں֮кͬһʱ䶼£˺£¿ǰŽᡣ
ȻŽᣬڳƷǰûκô
ΪķܶԼԳƷŻ߿һۣ⺣ǰ帹أóƷĿ࿴
帹أ˽ѹ˵ǳƷһ߶˺
ˣҲ˺ܴѹֻºܶ˶Ը⡣
ˣдǡ
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ųƷҲޱȸпʱǳƷľ֣ȻڣƷȴ֮ͬϵء
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һȺ嶼Ϊɵа˵ˡ
һȺߣҲ˵ˡ
ȵԻǰ̣ǿͻƵ
Ϊѡ񣬼Сû򣬻֮
ǰݼƷƷƽȶԻһûУֻº¾ͻᱻص壬ʲôʱһʱ˵ˡ
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ǺȻ֮У廹ҪѲľ񲿶ӣĸû֮֮սʲô¡
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ܵסһߵ֣һƷԳ֣ôˡ
ѡֻΪȡᶼûˣ׼õֶΣЩ͹Ŵ콾ΪĻ֮⣬Ҳûİ취ˡ
ˣ
ܹΪϣҲ˽ܣ㹻Ҹ߿һۣ
ƷЦ
ѾǳĴڣںߣ˵仰ǿˡ
л佱Ǻһ·ǺԸӴΪ帽ӹѣΪʹһһٵ˵ܹ˵Ļ֪֮лܵεȼ尾
ǵˣǻһӹĻôƷЦ
ʷûʤ˾ʤˣ˾ǰˣ
ʮֹ˵
һʷû
ƷЦ˵
߳ɣҪǺÿв߳ɣȻǸӹ͸иӹӣʣɣǷ䣡
Ʒһֻ֣ȳ߳ɵƣ˵
Ҫ壬Ҫ㺣ȷ棬


2433 ֮ս
ƷҪİ񣬵ȻǰڻңֻڻҵĻóڴûʲô⡣
ȻܹӲ̵ľ
̾ˣڽͶ״˵Ҫ鸽ûһʵжôС
ңҲ׳Ʒε˼ǾҪᣬĥ徫
ںĴֻ̫ˣӹ͸иӹӦеĹģʵ
ʵ̫ǿں
ȻҲһ㣬Ҫȥʣ͵ø⣬Ψи⵽忴㹻Сܹδȥ
ȻܲпᣬȻòܵʵ
ԣ
ҧ˵
һڣİͻۼӳָɣ
ܺãȥɣ
Ʒ
Ŀͺ뿪Ʒֻ¶Ц岻Ҫȥͼ䣬δ˵֮ա
ⶼڳƷ壬ռ֮أĳԴҲռ߳ɡ
ȵͷʰ塣
ռ֮ĵԴʱȻӭһ硣
ֱڻ£
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Ҳܹ漰ĵģͨ˿ûֵط棬Զ纣
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Ǹʱʵһǰδеǿ
ʱݵľްԣҪܣ
ЩܶΪв͹Ŵ콾ûƷ
һ㶼ɳҲԷˡ
ȵһľ֮󣬺ͻ
ϾʲôţҪɳҪķԴġ
Ժľһμе˺Դ
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½Ҳ֪˺ϴϢ֪Ļһ˸׼ȷһЩ
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δҲûпͻƳΪ
ҲˣȺƽӹЩˡ
Щˣں˵ʵ⵽شǻиĺ󱲣δάȥϣ
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ҪĿѾˡ
һƬƿڴΪĵһ˫ʵı˾޴ı仯
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֮սҲͬһ˫Ѿۼ˫ı߾
սɺ½ʮɽʼ
뺣սȻĽ׶Σڽս


2434 
ȵսʱ򣬺Ѿ˹ӣսѾ˸ְȻĽ׶Ρ
İѾ˳ʮ
µָӹƺҲ֪Լһεʹ˹ϧ
̶ʱ䣬Ѿ˺üķߣɱ˳ڡ
ľһֱûг֣ǰߵĶһЩڻҡ
ú˾˵Ľȡ
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ʱƴڽʮɽ
ȻʮɽվͬʱУڶǾ񣬶иֵ壬ϰʲô
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ٶ֮֮һֱľڳ֡
ԶԶţǵأͬһƬϯ
Щ޾֮УƷ֪һǿĸ֡
׼֮࣬Ҳ
Ȼһ̣¶ģҪһս
νǾ񱲳ơ
ǹ̵ģ
ƷЦһ֮ǰԺ徫Ľûг֣ڵڻҲŵֵסĽ
Ϊ˵ȴ
ôĵӣȻ˽Ҫ
Ʒһ񷡣
֮λ޴ǣ
֮Уһ˵
Ʒ΢΢һЦȷʵ֮ҲеģȻԶ֪꣬ܶٴΣ˶˿ڣҲǲʵ
֮ƺѾѷֶԴΨвͬ
ڤ粻飬ˣ½ɱɾ
Ʒһ
˫ֱײһľľ
֮ϣһһǿ߷׷׳
֮е߲٣֮еͬ٣һΣƷ˳ŵˣߵ塣
Ҫ༸
Ʒо֮У俴ǰĴսû˿ĶݣĴսʵ̫࣬ʤ
սҲûнӴʵڲʲô
أ֮УһֲϢϯ˿ɲǼ䣬Ѿ񷡣
һߵϢѹȥ
׼ʼǿߣ
Ʒüͷһȵľ㣡
Ʒһӷ˳ȥһӰңңԡ
ȴһͳӵװ硣
ԼĪʮģ·ࡣ
ǳƷȴ֪Ⲣһ࣬ഫģ˵е
аͬаһȺֹһȴֻһǹƥĴ壬֮˴ˣ֮ϴ塣
ֻǺаͬ˵ҪһЩ걻룬ϴһ㵭Ĺâ
飡
㲻񣡡
Ʒһǰ
ûв´Ļ㲻ֻһѣ

񱻽ҴݣҲû߳ŭֻǵ˵
һ仰˵ˣҾ񣬾ң
Ļ¶ʿ
Ʒ΢һ˼Ļ
ȷʵǸǸĻ񣬾
Ũ֮
Щ֮񲻻ʱƶȥ
Ȼôȥٳ飬ҲӦѾȥˡ
ĻôķչѾѾ˶ʶ˵ҲûΪЩ
Ũ֮ҲŨ˼Ϊŵĵزһֱӵ˿׼ʵʵ
ճƷĹƣû֤ķѾΪʾˡ
аͬаһȺܼ룬һ˽ļ롣
ŻģΪģĿӦеӣаִаȫͬ
ƷҲӴ֪֮ѸԼʵͬҲ᳹׵׵ĽԼڰһ
ˣҲˣܶ
а񣬶սʱ̣ΪǺһ壬ǿҲԶˡ
е˼һļ룬Ȼʵ
Ʒֶ޳˶ء
֮УȻܹţþĻ㲻վ˵
ĿųƷ
аǹϷ壬ķѣΪľʱ룬ﵱ
Ʒ˵
Ĵڣһ󣬽ʱˣ


2435 ֣
ôĵӣôθڣبų棬ҪҲÿûθˣ
ֶûнƷĻϡ
ʲôبų棬ǲӦôڵ壬Ҳųبų棬أһˣ
ƷЦһ˵
ҿɺЩаһⱲҲܻ˿ȴͬ
񵭵˵ͬаҲһ㶼ϡ
ȻһʵȷʵǿѾ׼ʾ磬ʵҲһ֮ң
ұ꣬һΪֻ֮ͬҪкʵķͻƵʾҲǷǳпܵġ
ȷʵҲлᣬпͻƵʾûлˣ
Ʒ˵
ЩΪ㹻Ϊ룬Ϊ߶ϴԣŲҶ˵ʲôһ׮׮һԭʱˣ
ϻ˵
һϵϢɢ
Ƶ׼ʼǿߡ
֮ȣаϵһ׼ʼа񣬲ֻСƼĴڡ
ϵϢͷſͬضҪıˣΪһƬ硣
ϲ֪ʲôʱ򣬶һڴͷͷɨգֱӴնһͷޣ޴̾ڰ֮С
ֻһɲǼ䣬Ѿ
ڳƷǰնѾ׻ˡ
ƷǲͬһȭǿoǿİoɨһУѹһУûκֵܹסһȭ
¡
ײˣͳƷ䵽һǿֲĹ⻪գһС
˫ķ򶼴ˣ޾ķ棬Ϊˡ
һ˫ƽɫ
϶¶˼𺧵飬û뵽ƷȻܹսϡ
Ϊʵ׼֮УǷǳǿģһ˲ãѰܹ˽ġ
һֶΡ
أʱԶһ֮оȻ޾ĺɱ
һֲС
壬Ĵ
ʱ˶Ӧ˹Ȼ御ķϮ
ιʹ壬ĪҪ忪սʱȻԺԺǰʮ㣬
Ҳض˵㣬ҵ᲻֪ƾ壬ֻһˣȻˣǲƴһս
֮дһĴȡ
ںɨ֮ƣ˺壬壬ֽ£ʣôܶ
˶û뵽Ȼս͵ֵز
ǳƷȻǿزûʵ塣
һеľǳƷ
ƷƾŴʤ֮ȵĺͷ˳¡
ǺεȺ˵ʵ
µʶ֮ʿӳ˹Բ壬ĻһҪֵˡ
߱𣬻߹˳£һ廹Ҫôܡ
屸սʱҲıսڳսʱ򣬴Ӻ˹
ޱȵĵǣһ壬Ȼµǣ˵ƽֻһʱ⡣
һôԶв
棬淸ϣﲻˡ
أʱ֮ϴһ⡣
һһӰŶݹ⣬ɲǼ䣬Ѿǰ
ǲǱˣûгֵĳ
һ֣ʱסȫ
̫ˣҲˣгҲˣ
սʤ
Ҳһ
һƬڡ
Ʒ֣˵ͷ壬ȻҲ׼
ơ
ߣ˱չأʱȻǲֵܳġ
ǳȴǿԳֵģ岻Ҳˣһ֣ɳ棬ס塣
ȻԳһֻ֮Ҳܳõס壬ֻҪΪȡһʱҲ͹ˡ
սپ㣡
ƷЦһԶ
սپƾʲôԲɵôŭƷ⻰ûн
ʱһɿֲϢͷ˳ͬʱеĸͷٶȳųƷݺȥ
ƷЦһֱһȭoѹһУɲǼ䣬ֱӺ䴩˸ͷ֮еԪһͷޡ
һȭֱӺ䵽ؿڡ
أ
һȭֱӽؿڴѪģ


2436 񣬳ȡ֮
ȭϢɨϢǵأãã޾Ѥޱߡ
½ͷһȫ֣֮ǰһа񣬶ûʸȫ֡
ֱӱ˳ȥϿѪȻԭֻһǾļ֮󣬾ȻѪ⣬Ѱ졣
һȭνݣ
һӼƷˣƺȫû뵽ƷȭƾȻ˿ֲ
Ժɨ޵С
ʵϣһʼҲûƷʵǳƷʱ̫̫ˣ˵һĹˡ
׼ʾ磬ʵҲҪջۡ
ȴ֪Ʒһ⣬׼ȷ˵ֱһǰδеĴڡ
ԶԶѰܹǿ
ŭϣпֲѪڷڣڷ⣬ֲϢ߶˼¡
ǿд߶زҲɲƴˡ
ٲƴܾҪڳƷС
ҪҲӸˡ
ݶҪ䵽С
ڴ֮ǰ˶˥ڵȴĸ˭뵽Ȼܹ㷭عⷵա
ֲǣһȻҪ¸塣
Ѿ޿ˣٺһǾ¡
䣡
ٶȳˣٶ̫ˣһóƷ޿ɱܣ׼ȷ˵һȭӰϯ
һȭ֮
֮ۼϣҲóףһȭ
һΪһǧһҲʲôһҲԶҡ׼ʼĸ֡
ȫԶ׼ʼĸв
Ȼ󲿷ֵ֮ʣµ֮ӴĿ¡
֮ȫܣؿڵһ˲ȫתˣ·Ʒʲôвһ
֮Ӳ
ƷЩЦһ
η壬һʮᣬֻǼ򵥵һȭȭ֮е֮ͳͳΪС
һȭ֮Щ֮ͬȼһֱȼգ˲ͻԭ
ûа취ܹκε˳Ʒ
䣡
һȭؿֱӴĶѪ죬Ϊ¡
һ˲䣬ֱӻָ˹ֻ֮ĹһЩ
Ȼղ˷ǳ֮
ɱңؽ
ŭ𣬼֮ȼգѾ̫̫ûǱˡ
˵һʮᣬô۸ˣûô۸
һսƣ֮Ҳĵȵףÿһȭ֪Ҫĵ֮
ҲۣҲƴˣΪǱѡΨƷƴһս
㻹ܸΣ
Ʒ֮бŽ˺˵ɱ⡣
㻹ܸնٴΣҾɱٴΣ
ƷԼսûлɹսµ׼ʣҲûʲôµġ
еٮٮߡ
Ƶ׼ʣη壬֮е֮еࡣ
䣡
Ʒٶһȭͬһâըѿoסش˲ը
һαİȻ»ָ˹ϵ֮
ûйôҵʱÿһεĹȻش
Щ֮ϼֱ˷ѣ
ƷһһȭͬضããĹâһȭٶȽϵļ飬ҽһ嵹˳ȥ
Ҫ֮޸ơ
ȴƷһĳһ޴ķӡһӾͽӡסˡ
̺Щ֮Ȼûܹκε˳ƷƷһӸ˳
޾֮ͬһ㣬ֱӳųƷϯ
ûýЩ֮Ϊá
׼ȷ˵ֻԼһֲǱ˵ġ
ʣµȫڣͬһ㣬ȡһһ㡣
ʵ̫ϧˡ
ȫƷ˳
㾹Ȼң
ŭ𽻼ӣҪǸûκôΪûа취ܹӳƷѹ
һԵŭɶ׷׳ųƷķ˹
һʱ䣬ǳŵ˶ûס
ס
ŵ˴
ǸûκôƷֱһӡ
أ
ƷֱһƻһŴ䵽һϡ
˹κηӦֱӾͱĵɢ
Ԫ񶼱ȼֻһɲǼ䣬֮ء


2437 
һմǲܹ赲Щ
ΪǵǶЩаҪ١
ȻĻҲôʱ֮ۻ֮֮
Ʒû˿Ļţһֻѹһֻֻһ
â仯ǧɵĿֲ޽һضɽҡһȥȻ飬׻ȸ䣬ڽâԱ߻ӡ
һĴᴩ循˲ͱ
׼ȷ˵Ǳˡ
ֲֿϢɢֱˡ
ڳƷһâ֮£ͱնջΪһѪ
ϣɱȳ񣡡
Ʒ¾ͬһֻһļ򵥣ʣµЩһսˡ
˵ϵûܹ֮Ტ۵Ĵڡ
ڤ粻飡
Ʒֱӻ֣ٶ̧е޽âն
裬չ˾˵ɱ¾
ͣ
â֮ʲôͳͳΪޣѪ¡
һֱն롣
巽ĸ֣һĻʱȻֻͷƤ飬ǶôֶΡ
˵Щ׼Щ򾳣ߣĳƷ˵Ҳ㲻ʲô
Ǽ򵥵һͿһ
ĴڣԳƷ˵ѹҲ̸һĶ֡
ǳŵ˸ǿĳһ·ϣƷѾߵĺԶԶ㻹ûдﵽʾ˿Ҳֻʱˡ
пܳƷǽ֪ĵһλʾ
뵽пܹ֤һλʾɨ£ѹ˷ɵޱȼ
ηĳƷֻĳ֣ÿһնȥľ񱻺ɱһɱ
ٶȿ쵽˼£
ЩȻɱȴûܹκε˳ƷƷǶܡ
ÿһΣƷһնܹնɱһλҲɳȥ޷Ʒ
ſĻǲŹģ
ѾɱˣĻڳƷ˵ܸûκôҲûκαİ취
Ȼ࣬׼򾳵ĸҲʤҲƷôɱ¾
Ƭ̼Ĺ򣬾ͱƷɱ˸⡣
ƷǾһʯһ㣬е׼˹Ȼֻͬڻһ㣬ȴֳ˼Ϊηľʵ
ƷҲ΢΢ĿץסĻ»ΪƴҲû٣֪ɵǾ͸ˡ
ף岻һȨ磬ûкָٹ̵
ȻΪһȥƴһս
ƴھԵʵǰûκ塣
Ʒʵ̫ǿˣǿ¶Ҫ
ûȨװ壬Ҳһˡ
Ʒ⼸֮ǧӱɱһա
νǰǺƷһնǧɳĿֱֲӹᴩ
ܹܵĿԣֻҪƷϣȻֻ·һ

񷢳һҽУһ֮Ʒ˳
ȫӿ˳Ʒ֮С
㾹ȻЩ֮Ҳ
񿴵Ʒȫ֮ʱЦ
ͬƵóһ
Ʒ̾͸о޾ָͷͬˮһĳԺ֮зӵ
һˣ˲ͻᱻͷɰ׳ա
ЩٶʱĵͷνǲӲ
գĻͻᱻЩͷɰ׳ա
ҲΪʲôôˣҲһ֮ĸԭ
ʵΪ֮ףҪȴѡ
ֱӾ͸ˣ֮֮еĲӵͻԪ֮С
ʵЩԸͷ˶Ҫɰ׳ա
ŲЩ֮ƾգҪԸǰɣ
Ʒ鲻䡣
Ҫ֮أ
Ц˵
ϧʧˣЩ֮İ취
ƷܹЩ֮İ취οҲҪЩ֮С
ΪóѵʵϣڳƷ˵ûκô
Ʒ̯ƣ޾֮ŨһŹƯ֮ϡ
ϧ㿴һˣ
Ʒһնͷ­һΣҲûָܹ


2438 ն
Ʒǿнڵ֮ȡ˳ȻͱƷһնɱ
ۿɱĴһӱˡ
嶼ģǿġ
Ĳͬıʾ壬û֮
һ˵ʹ࣬Ȼһ˷˾ĳ档
Ȼûκ壬֮ǰĸѾƷ¾һˡ
ʣµˣԶκв
ǳƷˣԽͳͳ¾ˡ
ƷҲٹ飬ɳŵ
Լֱ屾
ڴʱ屾·͹г򣬵ĺߣȻ᧿Σ
ΪʱȻҪǿߣ۷塣
岻Ǹ֮еΪģ֮УΨĸĸֶУһӻ⡣
ĸְУҲ֪
زȻѹγ۷ĸ֣ȻһȻѾǳˣӦǷӡȴˡ
֮жὫһЩǿ߷ӡԱʱ֮衣
ЩǿҲѾǳ󣬻˱ʣʱ޼
ͨӡǶ꣬˹ؼʱ򣬻ܽǻѡ
һΪϵߣӦþֶͨηӡġ
һսϾһսʤǰܣһ
ָ߳ϬηΪҲˣҪΪɱһƬء
ΧҲΪأʱȴһֱִֻĵϡ
䣡
һĵķѣһ˲ͱˣԳԲΣԭһ̩̹
֮еһ壬вֹֻһߡ
ȻһֵֻǰôֱӾͱĵɢˡ
̩̹
˺ֹϯ
ͳͳΪ磬һ֮ϡ
˫Ŀͨ죬ŭգֱӳһֹֻȥ
Ǹûκô
ûܹȵһ
ʱ򣬳ƷӰڰ֮С
˳Ʒ֣ʱϲ
̩̹һƴ۵Ľ֮£ҲԵΪǱ
һжҲмǱ
ʱ򣬳Ʒĳ֣ʼĻ
ã
ںͳֵһ۷߿˳Ʒʱá
̫ˣƷζʲôΪƷڴս
ô̵ʱ֮ڣƷͳⲻζѾô
ܣôɱ񣡡
һҲͬţֻоڶҡ
Ĵڣѹؼ꣬µһֵ
㲻гƷӦҲô̵ʱ֮ھѾ˲Ŷԡ
ôǲܵ顣
ȻܵǷˣ֪еľ
һɫĻۣӺݻȵʱһȴҲҡҷ
ѾˣһҲ˳Ʒһ֮¡
ʣµֵܹסƷͳ˵ΧϾˡ
ʱɫһ䣬ˣǳƷ֪ʲôʱ򣬾ȻѾ
Ʒ֯Ųͬķ˲Ѿһ޴ޱȵ硣
޴һӾͽһ˽ȥַ裬һܵ󷨡
ԶԶһǱڲϼȴ̥
һȴо˼˿ֲϢ
ÿһŷ䵽ϣȻٶȲǺܿ죬Ȼʵ죬㲻
ÿһŷ䵽ϣǧصһ
ϱը
һѾըѪ죬һ˲ͱش
ҪɱңҲûôף
һŭգͬʱޱȵľŭһٶȷ˶ԳƷĹ
ķһſһ˲䣬ʩչķѾͳͳ𣬷ոſһ˲䣬ѾʧӰ١
һ˲䣬ƷѾ嵽һǰָȭֱӻ˰o
o޵УѹһǿС
һֻǸոջعҪֵȴûκô
o˲ѹһз
ֻһ˲䣬Ѿһеķ
ţƷȭȥƲһȭһؿڣһؿһѪ
һ


2439 壬Ӿ
۷ߵ䣬İܾѶ
Ʒ֣ǳһ˶Խͳͳɱ⡣
Ѿ
ֻл壬ȥڻ壬Ѿˡ
Ϊ֪ɱ˶ûãֻҪƷڣôɱûκģ
ԳƷǿʵֻһ˵ʵͿѹ¡
ûнƷɱɱٸ֣ûʵ塣
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ֻҪгƷһ죬ûз̵Ļᡣ
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壡
壬ٹ⣡
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һΣƷûм֣óǳ֣Щս
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£űһֹƽ⡣
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һսһµʱ䣬һº󣬳ŵ˲ֽλնɱ
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һһıɱҲͱˣĺ󳾣ˡ
Χ˲оḶ́ǵĸԤ֮£ȫû߶ûа취
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նݳ
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Ҳˣ̺壬ǾԲͺĴڣһ޴˰ʱʱ̿壬йʱ
˱ӶߣϴԳֻŵޣܴ衣
֮ʾ֮Уʱ֮ڣѾһƬҡ
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ͥûУ纣塣
һֱɱ֮Уµɱỹδֹͣɲϡ


2440 ƽ£߾
һֱӾһ죬¶սǽɻûһ׼ȷĶۡ
Ժ徫Ϊȷ棬֮ҡ
Ⱥе嶼壬壬ҲǸܳͷ
̫֮࣬Լ
£֯κη˵
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УʮֻԾںĴ֮£һ·ɱ¾̶ʱ䣬ʬɽѪ
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¶ԴƺҲǷˣںһ㣬Ƿǳޣ˵ûκ塣
ˣ壬帲ƽ峼պ壬廹ҪһЩͬͶ
Ϊޱ޾֮УŸָ֮⣬ûȺܹ档
Ʒ忪еԴС
Ȼ֮УľפЩнǿߣں֮
ˣƽ
һҶ󣬺壬帲ʣµ庣峼תΪԴṩԴṩֱṩĻʳģһʱ䣬Ĳõ˼
ǰδеǿ
һеĳƷǹǵһʥԽ˴̫档
ΪĹҵǴ̫涼û顣
ڳƷˡ
˷Ṧΰҵͬʱ֮ȴ˰ӿ
˵˹͵ĳƷѾǹ߸
ƫƫԳƷʵûа취ԿˣƷԸ⣬ֻһ֮Ϳѹ塣
˾棬û̫Ĺϵħô壬ûеܹѹ硣
ʵǿųƷһ֮Щ
ѹƣƷѵһ¥ô
˵ƷҲһɶѣ
˶ΪƷ϶Ҫʱ򣬳Ʒѡ˷Զǡ
Ľ裬ԶǴʱѾΪ˳ƷĴӪҪ̶ȻҪڡ
ʱԳƷΪѾԽ˷ڵʦǷڹһǿߡ
ԶǣȻкܶڵĵǰͶ
ʱƣƷûκεĶɵúܶ˼ʧ
Ϊ˶ƷƷĻʳǸð׼ʲôıΪԳƷʵϾͿ
ƷȻҲʹûⷽ뷨
ʱƣԶǺ͵۶һΪһģʿ׷ǰͶƷԴҲ߲ܡ
ƷʱûҪĻʳһɽͷĴ㣬ΪûбҪ
ڴĻʳ֮ҲûܹԽĻʳϵϵɸָԴ׳
𽥵ģҲϰ֮ģһڵ۶һԶǡ
ԶǷĬ֮£۶֮ĺģҲ·ʩĺڡ
£գۼ䣬ʮʱȥָͬһ˲䡣
ʮʱ֮У֮зƽ˾ռ˺أһڲԭ֮нһʮɽ֮аεض
һ˺üټ֮ǰħսʱһʱ䣬һ˿ڳܶƵȻЩ̡
˽µԴĹӭ˷չĻƽʱڣ˶֣ԼеԴһ˺ü
ԭԽСڵĸоҲԽǿҡ
ԭЩ׼𼸺ӭ˾磬ڶ̶ʱ֮ڣֱͻƵ
ڶʮ䣬ʮ𣬲ЩٵĹŴ콾ԭǿߣҲ޾ԴĹ֮£ͻơ
һʱ䣬֮еﵽǰδеĵز
δйһʱ֮е߻ൽزһĵ̣ûͬĹǰ㣬ЩŴ콾Ĺĵ̡
һʱ䣬ǰǿʢ


2441 ʮ꣬ʵ
̶ʮʱ䣬ʵ֮ǰȣֱ˷츲صı仯֮⣬Щ׼Щ򾳵ǿߣ˾磬Ŀʮ
֮еһߣʵҲڶ̶ʱ֮ڣ˷츲صı仯
֮УֳַϵһǴͳĴĻʳһϵһϵԶΪĵԶϵ
ҲԹûй顣
ԴӴ̫´Ĺûܹز
ΪһӵѹԵʵûܹӻҵĴڡ
ǳƷĳȴͳ
Ϊǿʵ̫ˣ쵽˶ûзӦʱѾµһ֡
֮УǵûбҴѹҷ֣ΪħĴƣ嶼иΣ
˭Ҳû뵽ͻƳΪ۷֮󣬳ƷʵȻһ̶ֳȡ
ԭ֮ȻΪ׾ٵĵõ˻⣬֮ǿ壬ֱӽɢʮʱ䣬Ȧ֮ء
ȫĴֺ͸ӹԴԴϵĲɼ׵Դ
£ʵ˾ʽķչ
յĸо
ȻͳڴĻʳ˶ףܹĵλľǳƷѹķʵ
Щ֮УҲ˼Ҳ˼ڳƷǰȴȻ
ÿ꣬ȻҪǰ۶ݼԶǰݼƷ
ͬһ㡣
ƿ֪
һУǳƷģȻȻ˵УƷĵزԶ̫棬Զ
ΪֻǴ̫棬ڴĻʳ֮ǰ廹вٵĳûһܹһ¡
ǳƷˣͺкܶطҲûа취ļ֮أֻ嶼ᱻ
֪Ѿ˽Ʒһߡ
£֪³ƷûʲôֳҲԶԶǴҪƷĻʳȻд˿£
ټϱƷкܶ׷ߣʮߣȸ֮Ҳ˸ԵȺ֮УΪ˸Ⱥ֮еߣΪƷЧҡ
зĻ̣ƷʵѾ鲼¡
ۣͻȻһ죬˾㵵ķ֣ʮ֮Угʮ𶼺ͳƷֱӵĹϵ
ΪƷԶ֮пԳƷΪ;磬һ̳Щ߰͹Ŵ콾ǰ
ʱһ͹Ŵ콾ͻƣֱͻƵߵҲ
½߼ٶͳƷһЩϵǻûгΪ֮ǰûǡ
߶ǵʸûС
ȻһǳΪ֮󣬾ͱҪѡһߣ߼Ļʳ߼Զһϵ
ΪǷ֣֮£ټûǵ֮ˡ
岻ǻҸݵʱ෴ģǰδеĴһͳʱǲΪ
ǵʵҲԶҡеϵҲֻѡĻʳϵд󲿷ֶѡ˼Զһϵ
ֻΪ̳еĹϵΪԶһϵֻһɢˣƷƳƷҲںЩ
Щ߸ϵһ콾ѡԶһϵԭ
ȻҲǱѡ񣬳Ϊ֮вֹͣˣǽһȫµĽ׶ΣĵԴǿֲû㹻ԴôδȾͻȫˡ
֮еҲ˶ȫ
㹻ɨµʵƷȴûѡƷĻʳ
ֱѧȫ߸ʷʹͳ
һ죬Զ֮УƷڸԼ׽׷ߺ˼˽
Ȼ̳Ҳûд˽뷨Ȼ̺ʵ뷨֮֡
Щľַ׷׿Ϊߵͬʱ˼˵ʵѾͻͽ
̶ʮʱ䣬˷츲صı仯
ʵǿ˼Ѿ۷ΪţȸҲֻһ֮ң
ʣµҲ˳Ŀڡ
ʵڲ֮䣬ԶһϵѾ˻ƿص
ȻͳƷҲǷֲģΪƷҪָ֮ǡ
ԴӳƷսɨ£Ϊ忪ʵ֮󣬳Ʒ͸оһֵ֮˾ʹӻתϡ


2442 ͻ
ƷΣ֮Уִ֮ս춨ĵλ
ռ䱻չܹõԴǰʮײİգҲԻüĺô
νսĺˣ
ʮ֮Уʵֱ˷츲صı仯
ڰµĹƣʱ򣬼ײħ۷ʱڣҲ󣬲ڱħ帲
ӷչȥδԱȼ۷ʱڵħ壬ԽħҲֻʱ⡣
Ͼ綼Դ壬巢չ
£УƷжôĸߴ󣬿֪
ö֮ƷȻ֣һ˺Ӵ֮ӿ뵽ϡ
ЩƷûŸԼãز׼ʵľ֮УߵĺԶԶ
Щ˺֮˵ȻãȴҪ
ǣƷ뿿֮֮ΪߣĻⱲ˥ɰܣͺεİһ
ͳƷ֮Է˾޴ĳͻ
ԳƷɴཫЩָ˼꣬ŵˣ˵õ˺֮ΪȻͻͽ
̶ʱ֮ڣΪѾ˷츲صı仯
ֻƷԼıϵһɵʵѾԶ֮ǰӵеĶֵʵ
ϵʵԶ˵󣬸˵ЩԶǵˡ
ȻǳƷľ֣ǵһѾûʲôˡ
ǶѾΪߣҲ˾ԺͳƷ˫ѾһϵĴˡ
Ʒ˿δдʳΪһλߣҲֻǴڳΪߵĿԶѡ
𣬷ҲܳɻʣȻĻڸԵʱԳۣȫԷ⵽ʱΪߵҲֻǷëǰˡ
˵۷壬ܹﵽ۷ˣѰŴ콾ܹﵽˡ
ͶƷҲûʲôһƷܹΪߣôδǰ;Ҳ
һ˵õȮ죡
ƷҲϤָУûв˽ʵҲûʲôò˽ģһÿһÿǰһ˵·ֻǽ
Ψ߳һԼ·ܹδĵ·
أƷתͷȥǿķǵ۶ķ
ͬʱ֮У׼ϵĸ֣ӦˣһɺƴϢӵ۶֮зӿ
ͻˣ
Ʒ¶˼Цݣڳ߶Ӧˣڵ۶һɿֲϢӿ
ǵĿ棬͸ռ䣬һɫ۵ӻڱһ⣬ϯ
Ǵ
ʮıչ֮Ҳͻơ
۷ͻƳΪ׼ʼĸ֡
һʱ䣬һƬȻڲֳϵ
Ȼϵ֮ǴĻʳԶһϵǿƣҲĿá
˫̸϶ԿΪ˫ͷͳƷûй˽±һ˿һ໥Կ˼
ϵ̸ײֻ˫λߣ̲סţ𽥵ģӪҲγˡ
ĻʳһϵѹȻܴȻͳ۷ĸ֣һסƷ
ΪǶ֪Ʒ۷壬׼ʼĸ֡
ڴĻʳһϵĸ֮УҲΨ߳ĵ̺ʵܳΪ׼ʼĸ֡
ͻƣΪ׼ˣȻֻǰ벽ߣҲаӿȥˡ
սĲȻӹɡ
Ȼ˿ͻˣҲǳƷĶ֡
Ҫ֪Ʒն׼ʣȻ׼֮УƷҲߵĺԶԶˡ
˲֪׼ʵǿԶںܶ飬Ҳֻǲ²⡣
ӱ˫Ѿƽ⡣
һƬʱ򣬵۶֮ڣͳƷһĶ֣ڴ̸֮
ϲͻƣڱԳ˻Ҳûʲôˣ
ƷһЦ˵
ԣ˰˵˲֪㻹֪ôȻ׼ʣĻ֮ֻر𣡡
ԭڻ߾жôǿֻһܲ⣬׼ʾ磬ǰӽȥˣҲܹĳʾֵĿ¡
Գ˻ʣǾڸЦˡ
֪֮ⲻʲô˵֮
Գ˻ʣǺʣһЦ

ƷˬһЦ


2443 ۵
˶ڴҹϵӣȴûҶ˿ڴ۵
ֱԲڲϵ֮ķ
֪֮˵Ĳ²ѣƷ΢΢һЦңЩҲãонνﾺ񲻹ˣ
ﾺе˼Ц˵ͷ˶Ϊìܣʵǵ۽̫Сˣ̫㣬߶ǣҪæڶʵ̫Цˣ
Ʒ˵ͷ˵֮ԶݵİȨȤΪĿӵԶ
ɻʶĿ꣬ҪʶûܹɵռĿ꣬Ϊ˳
ӣ
бûеƣԺ֮δҲǳ롣
ΪˣŶЩ㹷Ȥ
ֻҪܹԴԴϵΪṩõԴɣưԲưԶûκ塣
ƺܵ˳ƷӰ죬ԴҲҪŵÿ
ͻƵ׼֮󣬳ɻҲֻһ֮ңҲɻʵĻᣬƷڼ㹷֮¡
˶νϵǿ˵Եѡ
һЩϵ֮⣬ߵĹֻǱȽɢˡ
Ϊˣ˲ŸӶЩ㹷ûʲôȤ
ҲŸոͻƣΪ׼ʣ಻ĵط֪ܷһ۵
˵
ԣ
Ʒ˵ͷ
Ҫ۵ҹȺһǰϢһҹ֮ʹ¡
һʱ䣬֮䣬ΪֻҪﵽ򾳵Ķ׷׸۶
Ȼ׼۵ܶ˵
ľ̫Ҳһǧѷĺûᣬѵõʢǧܴ
Ҫ˵Щߣڱչ֮УҲϢ֮׷ǰ
ʮǿ߷׷ǰ۵۶
һʱ䣬Ƽʻᡣ
۶ڣһλڣһãһƽλİ֮С

λмģһ̨̨֮ϣš
ڳ˰ոԲͬӪϵһš
һ˲䣬Ʒ֮ϡ
۾ķȫע
Ҳûж˵ʲôֱӿʼ۵
һʼ˵Ĵ׼֮򾳵ĵһڸ
׼ʼĸֽĵǺͨĶ˵ıޱһ仰ܵؼڡ
һʱ䣬컨׹ӿ
𽥵ģĵԽԽ򾳵ĸȳ֣Ѿȫˣž׼磬Ѿˡ
һ꣬Ѿʮ֮ˡ
ʮһڸǶջ޴ǺˣǶû뿪ѡ
ǸĶҲǿм¼ֽһһĽԵ
öľöȫ֪˵ʲôѡ
ȫȫһε飬Ѿ漰һЩڻʵ
˵ͬĴ֮ʵϣÿĶȫͬ
ٵ˫ʼ۵۵Ķ׼ʵ
һڳ˶Ѿȫȫˡ
˺ܿҲˣһʼʱܺͳƷ۵ʱƣѾȫûаǺͳƷ۵ˡ
׼ȷ˵ӦǳƷĽ
˵Ļ׼֮о˵˫ǲླĴڣ³ƷǿһЩ·ȫͬġ
Ʒôܶеĵȫȫ˽ء
ȻʵȴǳƷƺԴȫȫ˽⣡
ԽԽǾ𾪣ΪƷͼȫȫݽ겵ģͷ·Ѿߵһ·յ㣬عͷһж׵׵Ŀ˸ס
ǲͬ·ߵĹ֮ǿͬ·ʲôģǵߵյ㣬һɽСʱһеĵ·װ׵ġ
ڳƷĸоͷ·Ѿߵһ·յ㣬еһж̫ף̫ͨ͸ˡ
۵ʮʱ䣬һ۵ǽֻջ޴󣬾Ҳһ۵֮л˼ĺô
Ʒ˵Ҳ԰ˣ֮ݾҪˣ
Ǻ⣿ɫһ䣬֪Ʒʲô˼
Ʒ˵һʱ䣬ҽ뿪һʱ䣬ӳΣҲʱ翴ˣ
˶˳е˼꣬˶֪˼ǳƷӣֻǲ֪Ʒ˵Ĺѵݣ


 ɻ֮·


2444 ᧿Σ
ųƷ£ĳҲʲôˣݳҳֻһǳǳСС塣
ǰ¸κ˵ע⡣
ǾһС֮Уȴ߳˳Ʒλߣνһ漣ˡ
ƷͳǳԱԱͳͳ֮С
Ҳ˽⵽ĳƷĳϡ
ֻҪȥݵĻͲҪôʦڣƷֻҪһͷͿԳ֮С
˲˽⣬ҲףƷ˵Ĺ羿
˼Ʒ˲վ
ԺͰˣ
½˼һվ뿪Ŀ֮£ʧ˵ǰ
ؽ磬׶С
ؽıݣҲϣ
޴ķ֣׶εİС
棬޾޷Ľ
֮ڷĽ
޾޴󳱵ĺ󷽣һ޴ޱȵĹӴƽĴ֮ϣͬʱ֮ˮĲʲôҵƷһͷͷ޴ޱȵޡ
Щޱˮ֮Уһ˵ٶȴ߻ȻıȻս
޵Ŀֻ꣬һؽıݣ׶С
޾޵գڱһС
ͬʱ׶ڣ˶ţԹĸλ
εţ׶Ѿϰͬʱȴͬʱ
Ϊбƣе׷ӿ׶֮С
ǿ֮Ϸ˸ŵļĹâ
޷գ̫
߸ļҪ׼ֱһɨһѡ
Щɨʬܿͱɷ顣
޾ͬһͬʱѪͬһһ㣬¡
ͬʱ֮ϣһǿڷֿЩ޾ޡ
Ͳǰȣʵ˷츲صı仯
ǰǾһֳĴ֮£Ӯһֱͺ壬ؽ֪Լƿ֮С
޾ԴĹǿƼ˷츲صı仯˵һըԵķչʱ
ڴǰͨĸֶ޷һУǸֻд˵޼ĴڲŴﵽľ硣
ȻڴѧҵıҵҲͨ
ÿһѧǰǶһм
һһǿĺ
׷Ѱţ
Ϊûе̣ÿһ߳Ǵʷ
Ҳǰô֮еͬ
ǶѾĸ֡
ڳеķţϵõ˼ƣҪһ֣Ҳ龳пܡ
һǰδеĴʱ
˶ڸʱ䣬ԴֻڳµϵᵽһʵǬ컯пܡ
Ȼ˭Ҳû뵽ȽȽͬĽ֮ʱⷢˡ
һɿֲؽϯ
û㵽򣬴֪ĵطͻȻӿֳ޾޴
һбƣһսʮֻ꣬ʮʱ䣬ȫܡ
ʶ޾޴ıһǿԭͺִĲˡ
һƥʵ֮ϵ
һȻ
ʵϾһǰѡ
屻֮ҲȻע⡣
ķ֣һƣΪѾؽߵޱѿ
ͬʱҲĽڽڰˣҪ
ֻ·ߣĿųϷеķɱ¾û֪һɱ¾ʲôʱֹͣ
˶׵ǣһֹͣĻ¾׶бƵһ졣
û˴Σ
Ҳ֪ͨǱˣͨƣôǾ޼ҿɹˣ
ͨƣֻҲҪȾָˣ
˵һƻ㳹׹رͨ뱣ȫϵ࣬Ļˣ
ָԲϣһɾÿһ˵ͷ֮ϡ
ʱڼûע⵽ĵطӰ׶еһ䡣
ǣ׶УƷ̧ͷ޾ķǵض
޾ɱɷ׶С
ǵģӦ˴鷳ˣ
˼


2445 ˾
ǵضĶǷޣѹѹգֻżɨܿһ˿
Ǻܿ±ڱסˣ
ÿʱÿ̶ķޱ𣬵³ӯء
·ϵ˵û̫Ŀ־壬Ͼ׶УЩΧҲһˣվûܹ
Ʒһһļʱ˼Ȥ뿪ʱ䣬ȻѾչزˡ
ЩԴȻ֮е
ܹɿռ֮еԴǿƼѾʮ־˵ĵزˡ
˵ĳ̶ֳ˵ƼһѾ׷һˡ
ӿռгȡǰֻڿƻС˵дڵ飬Ѿˡ
֪ʱ䣬Ľжôľˡ
ȻݱǲֵһᣬΪԽǵ棬ʵԽǴ
һ߾ܽûһѶȡ
ĽóƷ̾Ϊֹ֮ȣĻʳȻ˼ʮߣʵĻܣп֮Դĸ
ʵϵչԶ
ͬʱ䷢չֻʵԶԶᳬĻʳƵĲͬ
Ļʳķչģʽ㷢չʲôҲǸҸ˽أȴԶ⹫ۻϸĽ
ȻҲ˶ѧͨѧпѧҲȴĻʳضҪöˡ
Ʒĺܶ˼ʱھѾͣν˽Ϊԭ
ҲΪ࣡
Ǹֺ˼·ͬ
̶ٶ꣬˼֮ʱûʲôʮչزҲûʲô仯ʮ겻Ѿʱ̭˰ɣ
Ĺ簡
Ʒп˵ݴãָо޿ȡġ
ڣȻ˴鷳ˣƷ˵
˼ͬ˵ͷ׶ж˰ΧΧˣ֪Σʲôزˡ
Ͼ뿪֮ǰ׶оѾǰˡ
׶бΧֻһܣǰѾȫ߱
˶ûϣڵΪ˵ȫ߱ȫ߱ʵ㡣
ûʲôµģ
ȿ˵
Ʒ
Ƭ֮˵Ӱʧԭء
׶нһׯ԰ڣһԼĪģСŮԹԵˣֻ㵸֮䣬ʱʱܹƿϣ¶СŮҲǳˡ
ȻֻӣѰֻһȭͻᱻ
أһ󲨶֮һӰСŮǰ
СŮ˲侯˿ڳĺǳʲôˣ
ԼĪŶʮģΪᣬǳƷ
ƷСŮʱЩȻʧЦСŮͲ󣬵ǿڳȴʮֵϴǷǳ׵ġ
ʲô֣
ƷСŮ
˵ܸİ֣СŮæҡҡͷƭңѾСˣ
ƷɵùЦСŮС˼·ȴѾʮˣоݡ
ʲô֣Ʒ
Ҳ㣡
СŮһ˫ԲԲĴ۾˵
㲻ңҲ֪ǲǽг棿Ʒ˵
ô֪СŮ죬ȫһ˼ģ
ҵȻ֪ˣΪ˾ˣƷЦСŮ
˾ˣôû˵㣿СŮԲš
ΪǰЩһԶţڻˣĻôܽ֪ʲôأƷЦ˵
ׯ԰ϿȥûʲôʵڽְиƼҪĹܡ
ȻڳƷΪ˵ѹʲôǹ߽Ҳа취ׯ԰ڵĸָ
СŮıһӾˣȻСŮ۵ĺܣСӣ΢һ߼е벻ˡ
ƷôһƾƺͿˡ
ҡҴȷһ£СŮʱǰһ뵽ʲôĵ㿪˸նˣǰĻֳһŮӵͷ
ô򲻳ȥ
СŮҲ㲻Ϊʲôûźš
ΪЩСˣ
Ʒüͷ΢΢䡣
Ļ䣬洫һ󺰴ɱһеǹеǿĸϢڰ֮о
ֵʵǳǿׯ԰ǿǿķϵȻڶ̶ʱھͱ
һѾɱ˳ƷСŮǰ


2446 һŮͳ
һȺѪɫĳ۵˳嵽˳ƷСŮǰ
Щÿһ϶żΪŨѪ֮仹ż
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Щ̵˴һ߲ͽĿе֪֣ڽһׯ԰Ǳ֯˾ͻϮҪ֣䣬ΪвͶĳ֮һ
ֻû뵽ôã˸ոջعĳƷֱ


2447 ĵͳȻ
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ȻΪһŮͳ
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Ǹ޷ԿӦԽһȫµ۷塣
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2448 Ʒ֣Ŀɿڴ
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ڹͨƽУƷǳ
ЩУƷǲ۲۵ɱ


2449 ֪
񶼼ǵóƷϴڲЩͽڼġ
Щ룬Ը⿿£źԵһһģЩ̫ˡ
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ųƷĻع飬ȫŤתˣҪ䵽˳Ʒ³ֱ
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׶ϿյĽ֮ϣֻһӶѣ׶ϷĽͱˣĹɢڰ֮С


2450 Ļ֣
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˵ʱʱ죬Ʒˣһֻץ˳ȥȼյĻ棬һ˲ֱӱץޡ
ɲǼ䣬һļž


2451 ֣о
һŷ·һĿֲ棬ôƷץĸˡ
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ûгƷĻ
ΪˣԵ֮е˿ǳƷʱ˲ˡ
ڸղţ˶о˾֮ǰûйб˽İ
ǼǱɡ
£Ʒˣ׾ٵĴһﳤĿֲ
ǣǴӹŹ֮У˳
˶಻סеļ
֣оˡ
ôܣΰôܲĶ֣
ͳ֮УĿɿڴš
ǲƣҪߣǲŸոһֻ޴צһӽķڵأϿѪ
ڹؼʱצһӽѹ˵ϡ
ܵĻԿܲܵĵƳһʣµЩͽ赭д˵³ͺһ
ЩͽʱģûдӳƷع֮лعﻹܣһʤ㶼ûС


2452 նɱ෴ʼ
ʱ֮ϣսѾٶȷ˱仯
˳Ʒһȵ¶Ѫÿһ鼡ⶼ˺ѿѪͬһ¡
̫ˣֻѰѪ·γɿµѪꡣ
ôܡһûзӦأȫţƷȻôǿȻסԷһȶ
ⱲӶûֲĴڣֻǼ򵥵Ĺѣûдʲôͨѧȴش
ʣһµĶ֡
Ȼ˯˺ܶ꣬Դȴûб㻵ʱæתҪȥ
ֻʱ򣬴û뵽ԼȻôһ죬׷ɱĲòߡ
ǻתߣȴ֣ĶԽԽٻ
򣡡
һʱͷӦ˹ԷȻԼ˶Է֮С
Ҳʱ̫ˣ̫̫ûʹùˣ˻һˡ
˶Էֻ֮оԼжʼ𽥱ĳٻҪһ¶ܡ
𣡡
һͷ쳤Хһ޴ڷҡ֮У޾ڱĹâ紴һĹâ
һ˲䣬һͷ޴޵Ѫ֮˴ڴڵѪڸոͷŵһ˲䣬ͱƷˡ
ûܶԳƷһ˿һв
֪˫ĲжôľˣͲͬһ֮ϡ
һͷһۣʱֻƷѾǰ
Ʒ˫ֱĿ
һͷʵϤûˣͬڿʬڿһ顣
Щɱ¾ġ
ЩҲûʲôֱ𣬸һȺ϶ѡ
ԸͶλصǿߣԸΪūΪͣ
һͷϾͷӦ˹æġ
֪Ψһܹİ취ȻǶϵĴݲУһ˿һĻᣬѡͶ
Ȼûбѡ
ֻѡͶԷ̫ǿˣǿˡ
ȫ޷⵽ʲôĴڣΪʲôǿֵزС֮УôðȿµӢۺܡ
ԷӦҲǺɣΣȻǸµ࣬ԼҲһߡ
ûܹܾһߵͶġ
ֻҪܹôĶ
Ļ䣬ͿһâѸײڶ֮ƺɨֱӾͽӴֱն롣
ѪڰγһƬꡣ
ϾߣÿһѪ̩ɽ˲ڵγһƬѪĺò˶ãЩѪĽ֮£ͻγһƬ֮أγĵر
ôܡһͷȫ޷ΪʲôƷܾԼ޵Ͷ

ƷЦһֵȼɲںҪ׷ߣĸǷʣδܳΪߵĴڡ
ѵڰɣȻܸûںǣƷ䵭˵
һͷ仰û뵽ɱ¾һЩһͨ飬Ȼ³
Ϊʲô˻ִ壬ڵʱûпܵ顣
һִֻӰ֮ץ޵ʬץɽͼ֮УһľѪȻ󽽹ൽ֮ϡ
ϵȫֽһƷֶ˼ڴ
ȵȫ죬ͻ֤ɻ֮ա
һγȫȫΪĿҲɳ˳ˡ
һνĹʵп֤ܰɻʡ
֤ɻʣҪĸﵽ˵ĵزһ̥ǵḶ́ﵽ۷壬ﵽһΡ
ǱȻ߸ǿǲǷ׵ܼڡ
ھһѾܽˡ
֮ѡ񷵻ؽ磬Ϊһ飬֤ɻ֮ǰԸҪĸĸǰݡ
ִչпܷչΪħ
ִõ֮Ϳȫȫĳ֤ɻʵľˡ
ʱ׶ڣ˴ЩĻֱɱ
˶
Ȼ滹кܶզ֪ƣĹǣΣѾˣֻѰ޹̣κε
һöһö˵Ƴգ䵽޾֮С
ÿһö˵£ޣҲɨȥ˶
ķŽѾ죡


2453 ոʧ
ûһͷĸ֮չ˾ط
ЩȻ޾Ƕͨޡ
ҲΪڻҵĲƷ
޷Ѻ˵ϴء
Ǿôķչ˵ȻյĴɱ
ϴʱ򣬻Ƿǳõģ
ؼǣˣ
ڹԪʱ˵Ǻܹģ
Ȼڣ˵˵һִɱ
Ͽ죬Ҳʲôѵ㣡
ʲôռըһĶ۸̫ˡ
¡¡
ĺ˵ڳⱬ˿һĻ˻ڣͷϵӰʧˡ
ʱ˻Ҫʱϰ°࣬еѹȴ޷
֮ǰƻҪ̫ˡ
Ⱥܱ׵׵
ڣڽʱΣ
ʵ̫ˣൽһزԺ˵ϴأԸָĸ߿Ƽڵɱ£Ȼķʱ䣬ڽ޾޳׵׵
һ֧һ֧ľӴ׶гһսʼǰһ޾ռĳС
ȻЩжѾΪ˷棬лҲùٽһǳء
ЩǳصĽԼرеģȻ׷
һ֧֧ոս
ͬʱͳǩ˴ӶӶǰؽɨһ֮εĲдޡ
ôѾЩɾˣǾƻ±һƬĵ硣
ںܾöûĸӶţͽ˵һʢ硣
ÿһ޵ͷ­ֵƣǶ;
ͬʱչ˶Щ̳Ա׷ԼͶѹҷӵ㡣
һУһֱһ֮󣬲ڳˡ
ΪͳҲһֱάָǿȵĹҲи֣ǿȵĹ֧š
һµʱ䣬ƷҲûеܣ˼У겻ĸĸ
Ȼ겻ڸĸһֱճƷǱУټϳƷµ伮ԴԸĸΪҲǳٶ겻ȴҲϡ
˵⻹׶Ρ
ʱƣֻԽԽǿ
ʵϣϵܹô̵ʱھ֮ͻƣ̶ܴϾΪѡ˽ĽƷµϹ
ΪøĸϵԷ㣬Ʒ˷ǳ꾡ϣÿһͻƵȵȡ
潫ЩϹ׳ȥ֮󣬺ܿͻΪĵ̡
ϾʹĻʳͬĻʳ֮һźУ㽫Ϲȥȫ
̵ʱ֮ڣʵ˺üΡ
ƷʲôҲڼҴ֣鸸ĸ
ɷ֣æ飬ͳ鲻ʱ
һֱһ֮󣬲пǰݷóƷ
ѾԪ˧֣ٿƷʱʮֵĽš
Ѿٶ궼ûôŹˣһŮͳԼҲλ֮ȨѾŵĽǰֻб˼ŵķݣ˽ŵķݡ
Ȼʱǽˡ
Ȼ˵ȳƷСʵȳƷҪϼꡣ
ǴʱԳƷȴ·һ
ͳƷһʱˣԸƷжʢ
ͳƷʱˣһֱڲǰǰΪȨˡ
Ʒͬٶǰһٵʱ򣬾Ѿ񻰴˵
ٶǰѾԺ͵ʱͳƽƽڸ־ͽٵĽΣ
ٶǰڲɫͬһ
ֻԼǰҲû뵽ȻΪԼĴ˸磬Ǵ档
֪Լ̵һжʲôóƷ⣬ͳѾСˣҲù
ƷҲڴ֣ݿʮ߰ģϴžеӢƵǽüĿ
һ£ƷȻûȥ߶µĹϵϲ£֣ĵϸ׾ٵġ
һ绰֣ȫ͵ĸǰ
ȻЩڻܣҲÿǶ˭˵ģԳƷȻʲôܲܡ
ܵ˵Ʒ÷⣬ǧһ˽ˡ


2454 
еӢţʱھѾ˵Ʒˣʮ꿪ʼ𣬾һֱͬеٮٮߡ
Ϊ񻰴˵
е˺ɣ
֣ˣ
ڳƷư£·ŵʱ֣ƷʸûС
Ϊ·˼ף·ҵʸûУ·ߵϡ
Ȼʱ֮У֣ͻ𣬺ĳɾͷ˴Ʒš
ȻȻٲгİģھӵʱ򣬳֣һ֧սӵĶѣȷϸ֮󣬳Ҳûٰ֣
ǳƷҲûʲôãϾ¼̫ˣ˰Ȼͬһǽ
ȻΪڴĻʳǺųƳʱ򣬳ƷҲֻһѰĸ磬Լ÷ѡ
ϿƷǺģûиֲϰߣҲû黨ǲݣǳרһ
ԷţƷҲΪ⣬Ҫ֪Լ˸粻ǣŻúöԼá
磡
Ƴһ۸磬οƷڹԼɷء
ƷҲֻǿЦҡҡͷŮˣôˣҪƫԼϹˡ
ͦģ
Ʒ˵
ˣ
֣
ȻƷô˵ڳƷǰȴ˿ķڳƷǰĸоͺҲûʲôֱˡ
ѹʵ̫ˣ
ûʲôģ
Ʒ˰֣ԺǶһˣҲ̫Ժúöãͱʲôǿ
Ӧõģ
֣æͷ˿ˣԪ˧ȻôͷӣܱŵùǺ
ǵƷһҲͷǳˣûʲôֵġ
ǼȻˣãһҪ˵
Ʒ漴һ˵˵Ŀⶼת˹漴˵һͬǰݣ֪ô
໥һۣȻ֪ʲôط
ʱ䣬ƷҲûٺݵ顣
ȻҲ֪ڳƷ֮еĵλҲʮֳߣݵһˡ
浹ûʲô;ø͸
ֻ֣пԼ˸粻ǧѳܵʲô綼ܻķˮ
˶ڳƷҲ֣ͺϼƹĿԡ
ֻû뵽ƷôȲ˳
ĻҲ֪ģֻչͷչ̶ȣȷʵǹŽ񺱼һʱҲԺȼ磬׼ȷ˵һ֮ǰǲ̫ܺݱȼģ
Ʒ˵ǵֶ㲻Ļ츳ȻҲ˷ˣܵõ޶ȵʩչ
໥һۣӳƷ֮УǶܹõһεȺ嫵磬Զܹȵġ
лǸ֮
ǳλȨصְλ֮⣬Ҳߣû߲һġ
磬ȥһѣҲ߲
мԥ˵
ΪͳȻƵзǳҪ
ĻҲ֪Ϊû취תЩѵûԼĽӰôƷ
˵ͷȻѡÿһͳԼļ̳ˣһͳƼļ̳ˡ
һͳþеԴܹôĹͣƾЩͣһپѡɹ
ȻԭһͳĶǳƷ治Ǵһѡ
沢⣬֪Լûа취ŵĸᲢۡ
ЩҲʶĽӰˣĽӰôҲ㹻Ĺͣ㹻Ӱʱ뿪Ҳǻϳ⡣
Ļƾ뿪˭תƷǶȻҪȴҲ˵ǷǳѵãˣϵĽͽʮޣ˶꣬ٻʱ򣬿ľѾǣ
ᵽ˵գȻǻᣬһ뵽Ǹ棬ɵһݡ
֮дֲûжܹ̹Ȼԡ
Ҹǰʱнӹ֮Ҿ뿪ˣʱǲҪߣͿԼѡ񣡡
Ʒų֣ˡ
磬ǻȥú룬ʱٸ𸴣
ã
Ʒ˵ͷ


2455 ǵĿǳ
ú÷ʱ䣬Ʒ뿪˼ҵ˼ꡣ
ʱ˼ȴؽ֮УڵϣصƼҵլ֮С
ؽ֮еһƼҲ׶б֮ǰѾ󲿷ֵǨ˵
׶ϣһƣôԼͨͽռըը١
Ƽ֮⣬ҵĴ󲿷ҲѾתƵ˵ϡ
˸忪ʼת֮⣬иֿѧоϣԭǴؽģҲתƻ˵
ؽݱʱ򣬵Ѿһ󣬸Ǽʺеսϱ
ϣϣľϣĻС
ôķչڽеļѾ˵ʮֳˡ
ڻ͵򻷾ǳƵ򣬼ľǣǵֶ༫ȲѺõĻ֮½Ҳʲôˡ
ҾһյĽƹУʵǰĹԪʱѾͬն
ǷǳӵĻڵ˵㲻ʲô
ͨʵֶС˼ȼյĻ涼ͨ
ֻи߸ϵĴͨĹֻҪ꣬Ҳͨ
ĻȻ˵ǽֻ棬ûʲô⣬Ժա
ֻϵһͨڵķӵɵ򶼺ѣɵһڵķҪĸɾоˡ
Ҳ̫ϵ֮еĸֳ֮
Ͼ˵ؽزסĻô淽ķչǾǱȻˡ
Ͼڵķչٶȣڵϣάֲס
ϰ䣬е磬ҪԴɲһܹġ
Ŀǰĵû취ģҪչⷢչ
Ҳĺֻ֣û뵽ǣڹؼʱ򣬳ƷȻˡ
ԭ׼ĺ־òˡ
ε֮ѾΣУԲܷͬһ
Ҫ׼ҪͣĿؽ磬Ҳܷ̫ϵңԶǿյ̽Ϳ
ƷƼڵϵլʱ˼һʮ꣬ģɰͷŮ˳Ʒǰ
ǣƷʵ
˼յͽܣӨ
˼ͳƷ˵ŮԭŮǵһԶŮֶŮ
Ƽ¸ʢʮֽܳţһ˼صƼң㱻Ƽµͽܡ
˼ƼһļȻһʼƼҵĹϵǺܺãǺƷƼ֮Ѿһˡ
ʣµĶ˼ԼˣڲԸͶϵģѾɱˡ
ֿ˼֪һӿ硣
Ȼ֮д󲿷˶Ը뿪ǻһԸ뿪ǰݣŸӿ硣
һȶģ޷Ԥ֪磬ǿȥ
˼ݵĵλȻƷҲǽڳƷ֮µĶ֣Ϊʦ𳤹ǿһЩ
һӵϴ˸һѶȶûС
Ȼ˼ȥһˣΪͽܵģȴֻӨ
ôƼҵ֮УҲӨ˼ǰһΪӡ
˼֮ǰҲûչӣߺúý̵
ƷҲ֣ڼլŵʱ䣬ҲкܶݼƷҲҪóƷռͽܵ뷨
ԳƷΪǾһս֮ѾΪ֪
ĳʧ֮ع飬ûȻˡ
ȻĽٶȷɿģȻͳƷȣȻž޴Ĳࡣ
ѹҲ֪Ʒеʲôĵز
ȻƷȣʵ̫ˡ
Ʒ뿪ǰǶԵġ
ڳ˵Ʒǿ󣬶˵Ȼһ£ˮ¥̨ȵ¡
ܹ˵õƷָ㣬¼仰Ǵ¡
ԴˣƷȤ󣬴һֳǰݣǺܼ򵥵飬ǳƷͽһɨµĸŶѾȫ֪
һ΢ùһĶûС
һʣȹŴ콾˶ûУƷȤȱȱ
ȻвѰ￴ŵˣټ˸ֹŴ̥ĳƷҲѡ
ȻҲó·ǳʧǿɲҶԳƷһ˿һָ


2456 ؽ
ϾǺͳƷĲ̫ˡ
Ľʺ޵Ѿûˣȫȫֻ
¶Ǿ
ʦ
Өһ˫Ĵ۾ųƷƺЩ档
Ʒʷϵ漣񻰣Ǵ˵
һˣÿһǴСųƷ񻰴˵ġ
Ȼ˼ֶŮȻʵϣ˫ܴ󣬲˺üꡣ
ڹԪʱ˼˵Ǿˡ
Զ˵ƷҲǴǰˣ
ζû뵽һܼ񻰴˵еǸȻԼʦ
ô붼벻ġ
ţúӣ
ƷЦŵ˵ͷ
һʮֹ죬ϾƷҲǶʮͷӣӨҲ˼ꡣ
ȻҪߣҪɨһЩϰźã
Ʒ˵
˼꿴˿Ʒ֪ƷǸʲô㡣
֮ǰҵ뿪ʱûɾŻһͷ£
Ʒ˵ڿʼǱߣϵûʲôвĴڣҸؽڵĲдһЩϴڣ
˼̾˳Ʒ뷨Ҫ뿪֮ǰɨܻΣա
Ʒ֮ǰȻûг׸壬ҲǴҪи˲ܲڸ䡣
νк
ҲûҪٸ
ʱ뿪ʱؽ˵󲿷ֵȻһƬδ֪
ؽһϣžؽһͷ
Ʒ˼ʵҲûпܲ̽ĳ˯е
ڲͬˣԳƷ׼ʵʵǶǾĴڡ
ʱȻҲ׵Ķˡ
˼ΪҲ࣬۷ߵʵԺɨ¡
֮ǰΪķչɨǿС
ߺ븲Σ
ÿһζպãܹعĳƷ˼ġ
֮󣬳Ʒ˼ֱչ
˼꿪ʼ̤̫ϵϵĵ·ȻǳңԶѰķǹҲҪѷǳʱ䡣
ֱֿ˺ѿռ䣬ȳ涴ҪõĶࡣ
вൽ˼µǿڡ
Ʒǿʼؽ
ؽһƬçĵĳ޺Ͷ
вٻǿսҪǿЩƷûȥ
ϾȻЩԶһвȴв
ȵһķչ֮ȻܹԸЩڡ
ЩǳƷĿꡣ
ܿ죬ͱƷĿ꣬ؽ粻ĵطͷһ˯ߡ
֪Ӻεģߣ˺ɫۼףÿһƬۼϻẉ̂һͷ޴ޱȵۼҰӡһʯ֮С
ֻ޵ɢѹ÷Բǧ֮ڶû޸㡣
ƷֱӶ֣һʯ󣬶ʱ;ڳ˯֮еۼҰһ쳤Хһڿֲһ˵Ĺ˳Ʒ
ƷҲû˿ĺ£ֻǷһȥͽƬ
һͷۼҰҪǳƷĶ֡
Ʒֱһֻץ˳ȥһֻ֣ӭǣƬ֮䣬ͬһ̫ɽһӴ
䣡
һͷۼҰͱһķڵأá
һ£һͷۼҰ֪֪ˡ
ͬ˹һ
λǿߣԸͶԸ㵱ţһ
һͷۼҰﻹֱ֪Ǽ˹ˡ
ңԶǰߣʶ㡣
ǻûôֲĴڣһֻ־סķ
ֲֿĴҪɱһͷͿ飬ﻹ˿д
æֱġ
㵹ĵĿ죡
Ʒ۾ԭ߽һͷۼҰֱնɱˡ
һͷۼҰͶǸһ˼·һҪЩնɱԽǣΪ
ϹʱʱߵǸʱ˵Ƿǳǿġ
ӵһǿ
ǵģϵȻֻؽ磬ݵ磬ų磬ؽҲֻһѡ
ңԶЩͳ֮µ硣
Ϲʱĩ֮սݴıѣҲɴƿأһֱڣҲֻʣ˱ûֳ硣


2457 
Ǽͳʱ֮УҲһĴˡ
ȻҪͶĳһλߣñӻȴҲǳ˿Աɱľˡ
ÿԽһͷۼҰΪػػ
ȻʵۼҰĿǰ˵ȻǴɱ
ۼҰڿͰ͵ĿųƷͷһ˿һԼͷһͱƷ˳ֱӿԴ
Ҳ֪ƷǶ
ΪԼ߶ڳƷ˵ӦҲһѵõս
ȻҪͶϣǾó⣬ԪſҴһӡ
Ʒ˼һ£Ȼ󿪿˵
һͷۼҰûбİ취֪һǱҪߣĻǿƾʲô
ֻлʮֵı
ߣȴһҲûʲôֱ
ǿǰʵ̫ˡ
һֻ־ͿסȫķȫֵĻɣԼᱻһ˲ֱɱ
һͷۼҰſԪ֮󣬳ƷдԼӡһͷۼҰһ֮䡣
Ҫ͵Ҫ͵
˯ɣгһգҵķӡǰҪָӣӵĻԪ³Ӧף
Ʒ
ȻһͷۼҰȴһͷۼҰΪĺؼʱԶõ
ǵвۼҰͶʧ˱Ľȡˡ
ۼҰ״Ҳֻܵ˵ͷٶȳ˷ӡĹâٶʯ֮С
ȴһʲôʱѡ
һεľ֮󣬳ƷٶԸЩ׶ˡ
ȻͳƷĲࡣ
ؽǿĴڻ治٣Ʒǿ׼Ϣ
ֻǲ֮еǰ㣬ѾγһϵϻǸͬγɵĲ䣬໥֮仹ڲϵƶʱҲ̫ע⵽
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Ȼݣô
Ȼݲ֪˶ĵһ֮м屬Ľ
ѰʱѾǾսʱҲǷǳпܵġ
֮󣬳ƷץסһһͷԳһĲĴؽ֮нĴˡ
ңԶǰֶ֪ͨηӡڡ
ֻϧ˳Ʒֱȴӳ֮оѣȻһ٣ǩԼܹΪá
Ǽ˯
һ̣ƷԽԽˣ
̣ͨƷҲǳ׽ؽ̽˸顣
ǰƷΪҪ̽ؽ磬ֱܵ飬̫ĵطȥ
ȴûЩ˼ɣʲôǿĴڣ־ѹˡ
ƷҲЩƳһ޴ޱȵĵͼҲǴġ
ؽ֮еأžٸ½ôӴ
ܹȫռ㹻չһ־׵ĵزƽǰ޹˺ߵĵز
ôӴĵطڽǼв֮󣬾ͻ᳹׵׵ĳΪĺ԰
Ʒ֮ͽǸͼʱµ𾪡
ֻ֪ؽӦûкܴܴĿռ䣬ֻҲû뵽Ȼܹô
̺Դܹȫ濪»᳹׵׵ɱ䣬ɴ˵еҲûпܡ
ֻ֮мĸ߲֪ͼ֮⣬ƷǼա
ڳ˯ٶһֽ飬ͿԻ⼸ڳ˯֮е
ҲΪķչһոܡ
֪Ƿ׷׸пΪķչѾĻˡ
ͬʱ˼ڵһ̽ҲѾ˾޴ķ֣ȻڵⷢһǸھ̫ϵĹİǡ
ٱ˼귢ֵʱ֯һ֧ӴĽӣ׼̫ϵĿڵĵ
Ļȶӣź޹ɿԵ̫ķŰ
ĸΨһİ취
˭֪պ̽˼ꡣ
ȻѾչ˼ΪĿƼ˼ве˼µĴڣ޽⡣
ÿƼĻ֣˼Ҳ൱ڿƼ֮ֶֹ޿ɿ⡣
ǣһ֧ӴĽӣôֱӸˣһƿռ䣬֧Ӷռ
ֻʣһЩдԱϱ˼һʱ䣬ˡ


2458 ͻͽ
ǿ䲢أڿѧĽչ
ڿƼ淢չıҪǿ
۽׶εļ֮УѾΪ˿õĿƼˡ
ȻΪչķͬ䲢صûҪ
Щ˼϶ڵȻǷǳõġ
Ͽ˵ʡȥϵԼ̽ʱ䡣
ڿƼͻͽҲᷴвࡣ
ϾڿѧҲṩܶศвĹߣѾʼоС
ͬ츳ڻ֮еıҲһ˲ͬϿͨ޸ĻУʹ˶ϵš
ܹһЩҩӳʹԭûа취ͻƵľ磬ˮĥҲͻơ
оԽߣԿҲԽѧоЧҲߵĶࡣ
ѰѧоʮСʱͿҪˣ߾µоһⶼûС
моЧʿܾǼʮĲࡣ
¶ĸ߲㣬֪ܣ֪ЩĴڡ
˼æɨķչõ˼ıϡ
Ͽȷδǰ;ֱ
ΪЩϣ͵˴Ŀѧҽоͼ̵ʱڳ͸Щ
ЩˣѾ˱оĶ
Щ˴û뵽ԼȥԵĵоȻôײеĴڡ
ѵ˵Сһ˭ԼС
Ǽֱᡣ
ǰǵõ̫ϵϢʱ򣬼ֱϲ
𻷾ȶӵǣֱ˼á
ϲ׼˼꣬Ͽĵطֳ
˭룬ݺݽѵһ١
ʵ̫Զˡ
ˣԼҲС󣬲ϵıָ顣
ЩԭǴԵģڷѵˡ
һߴ̯ӣһոؽ԰һ߻Ҫϵֿѧҳ͸ĸּʱ
ƷҲûţһЩõϣ֮ǰȻвٵϡ
бȽƵϵ
Ǹʱ򣬳ƷµǸõϡ
ܶ϶ǱȽʺԼĸĸ˵ģŻᱻƷѡȻ
һβͬƷֻǿǵĸˣҪǵйԡ
Եϵ
ϵвҲӭһʱڡ
ճƷĹƣϵϣټϳ͸ĿƼϣӦʮʵһʮһ̨ס
δԶķչӰ죬Ǿ͸ǲö˵
ʱҴңʱҲڵˡ
Ʒ֣˰ʱ俼ǣҲڵҪƷһʽظʱ
Ҵլڡ
磬ˣһѡְһͬȥݣ
ĶԳƷ˵
˵ţ滹֣СԴҸЦš
дԭ򶼺֣йϵ֣ҪиõδôȻһЩ
ʱĳ͹ԪʱЩΪúУ뾡ĸĸҲûʲôֱ
֣ҲԱߵ˵ͷ˷Ȩƺ͵λס
ǶǳƷֺܴߡ
ƷΪѰ߾Ȩơ
Ϊ˵ЩȨʲôģֿɵãûκ塣
ǳֻ֣ͨˣǳƷôᶨߡ
һϵԭΪ֣ܹһõδ
ϾƷ׼ʼǿߣȻľ絽ζʲôҲ֪һ飬Ǿǿһʮ˲ãδ֣ıǻǿ
ȨʲôģѾõһε鳹ˣʵһеĸ
ޣһͳһԪ˧ʲôأܱһ˺õĶȥء
ǳƷĻع飬Ƭ֮ʰ˼ҪĿޡ
ѾʵˣȨƲܴʵʵܹ㹻Ȩơ
ܺãһȷľ
Ʒĵ˵ͷòԸǰݣȻ⣬Ҳ֧֡
ϾѾ󣬸ǼΪ˸ֲżƾٿء
ҪְҪӹټͳҪѡǰ»Ҫʱ䣡
濴ųƷ˵
û£ҿԵ꣡Ʒ벻˵


2459 ع
ʷһŮͳڻв̵ʱλͣѡ˴ְ
Ϣ֮Ȼ󲨡
Ͼÿһͳ𣬶ֻѡô򵥣ǣӴ漯ţÿһͳڶǷǳġ
ڳʵһεڶûֻһѡ
ҲǿǵʵĲÿ˵ӣĿҪʱҲǳ
ͻһΣĿᳯϦģǾѡҪľеĹ
ϢܿͱڸȥϾڻָĽ׶ΣҶҪ»ָԼ
Ѿ׼õĺѡҲʼ˾ѡǰƣǽְϢѹƵ͵ĵز
ʱ䣬գۼţʱ֮󣬳ƷҲڵҪݵʱˡ
˸ĸã÷֣֮⣬֣ڵ֣ҲһȺ׷֣ȥƷڵĳң˼ڵƼңһȺһͬǰ
˵ǰƷ±¶ݵĻôѾνˡ
Ѿվݵߵ㣬㱻˷Ҳνˡ
һҫ۵Ĺâ̾ˣһȫµ硣
һǰδе硣
ָоݣ׼ȷ˵ͺһӴһһ֮еĸоࡣ
˷츲صı仯Ȼܸ֪ķΧ󣬵һСˮٶȺͽӺˮٶǲһġ
ƾֱҲܹ֪ĳ
ǳݺ۳ҵôͷðͷ
һֺƾԾɵĸо
䣡
أ˻ڸп֮Զؽ֮֮ʱԶ˿ֲĺ
һ˵ĳۿɼٶȳϯ
һµǵͬХһ㾪˵ĳоȫ޷
֮жûͨˣҲи֣ԾݣӦҲߡ
ȵƷ뿪ʱҪǿĶˡ
ȻȴһµĿռ𶯳ǰ޻֮оǰ
أʱһֱڶǰĳƷһʱǵضϢоʧӰ١
һʧӰ١
Ǽûãһӿµĳſռֱӳϯ
Ʒһ֣һµĳʧӰ١
һڸոյһݵǶ׷ݶôΣյô
ôҪ١
ֹģĳֵƵʣǻлĿô
չ˺ǣ
Ʒ˼
˼˵ͷһ֮УҲֻͳƷ֪ʲô
߼ĸĿ棬ᴩݡ
˶ˣһһȾ캣ХĿֲԴԴڵ۶ķ
ڵ۶֮ϣһ޴˽ڰ֮УϺХţš
һ˽֮ϣһӰվ˽֮ϣϳ֮Ϻ޾Ĺ񷡣

Ʒ۾ȷʵǿֲƣݣܹƵģ˳Ʒ֮⣬Ҳֻһˡ
ѾԽ۷ߣ׼ʼĴڡ
ȻΪ׼ʼһʵݣ˳Ʒ֮⣬Ѿ޵ˡ
λ۷ΧҲȫࡣ
ݳ˳Ʒܹ֮оֵܼˡ
ȻڣˣֱӶ˽
ݣܹ˽ģˮ֮Уõ˽ϿɵĳƷ֮⣬ҲֻΪ֮Ĵܹõ˽
˵ԴʵҪ˽ܹԿ˵ľǺεȾ˵Ĵڡ
ˣ̫ξȴĸǵĳ֡
Ѿ䣿ּս岻֡
໥һۣ˼ҲѾʶ鲻Ծˡ
ʵǿ¼ˣ
ƷҲ˼չ˺һȺոմؽݵˡ
Լһ˲ʧ˿֮С
Ʒûɣʱĸܿǵĵʵ
ΪǳҲ϶ӵľ磬Ȼ֪ںǿȻĸ׵Ȼʮֵĵġ
İ裬ûģ˼ʮĵ˵ͷ˵֮Ҳûĵ֣һûУ
ȴȥ֮аϢ
˼
˼״˵ͷ
漴˼һ֣ʧԭأһ˲䣬ѾԶ֮ϡ


2460 а֣Ļ֣
Ʒ˵۶ĸ
۶ѾΪһ޴սһֵ֮˽һ磬ػס˵۶͵۶ĵؽ硣
Ļֻ׼ʼսԽ۶ޡ
ݺҲûпܡ
˳˽ϷսϿȥȴһͷʮ
а񣿡ƷʱЩȻǻžа֮ǰ˵аô
ҿ϶ԼѾɱ֮еа񣬲ܻаˡ
һͷаȷʵаûаеϢƷǲϴġ
һͷаĿСɣǴĶðģ
϶֮еа
֮ǰǼͷа϶ɵ׼ʼаǿĶˡ
ʵȻҪԶ֮ϡ
ԼҲò˴ɱ˽һа
Ҫ֪һ֮ʵ̫࣬Ҳ˺ܶࡣ
˽͵ȣҲʵǿ
ԺѰ׼࿹⡣
Ϊ˽İ֮࿹⡣
Ҳڵ۶սֱӵĹϵһа޼ɵĳ֣˽ȴҪ֤۶
޼ɵĳ֡
ΪˣƵƵֱޱȵıʵ̫ˡ
һ˵㣬Ϊ˱Ҫһͬȥл
һа񲻶ϳ֣ͬʱе
Ʒס
һͬƷĲ²⣬ЩаһȺȺȻʵֻˡ
ֻǲ֪ʲôˣܹ׼۷а
ڿǸĻĺּˮ棬ֳһ׼ʾа
ƾⲻ֪ĶļһҲ壡
֮Уżŭ
а񱳺ǸˣһȺа
һȺа񣬷岢˺Ⱥ
Ƕ裡
ڤ粻飡
а˵˵ţһӡֱӸֳһ޴ޱȵķӡ
ӡ֮޾
䣡
ӡһɲǼŽ˿ޱȵıը
һ޴ޱȵĢƻڶռ䱻ըķ飬ͬʱ˷֣˽һ޴ޱȵİӶֱըˡ
Ҳֱ˳ȥϿѪ
ڸղŵıը֮УҲֱˡ
Ȼһͷаơ
а߸ϣ˫ֱ磬ͬڿһһ㡣
ɲǼ䣬ٶȳˣһɲǼ䣬һаӡȥ
ۿһֻӡҪ۶ĳƽصʱ
ȴһâͻȻԶϯͬγɵĿ·籩һ㡣
ɲǼ䣬аӡͱֱӻΪޡ
һУֻĹâɢ˵۶֮˵ǰûһ˿һĲ
ͷ·ǴʱԴĲɢһ㡣
ţʲôˣаһĿ⿴ȥȴһڰ֮УһһĿֲڡ
ǳˣ
۶֮в֪˭Ⱥһ˶̵ʱڣϳ˳ƷĴڣ˶ڻϾڳƷˣΣڵϦ˵ֱһǿ롣
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꣡
˷׷˷ܵĴ
ɱǸˣаĮĿųƷᵽЩаҲû˿Ĳ
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ŭݵҲǳƷɱ˵顣
ЩǱɱģ
Ʒ˵
ȷʵϵĲ࣬ЩаȻһĻ֣
ãɱ㣬ƽϢ˵ŭ𣡡
һаųƷ֮εľ޴ɱ⡣
ɱңҲÿܲˣ
ƷЦһ
䣡
һаû˿ֱ֣Ӷ˺͸ղһ޶ķӡ
ӡըˣֲನһС
һ׼ʾĸ֣Ҫֱˡ
ҪƸղŵĿֲ档
۶֮˶ڵһʱ˷֣˷õĽ磬ȻĽʵϸκεô
˼Ǳܵôˡ
ȻǿֲıըȴδҲͬ
ǿֲıըನǵһʱ䣬ͱһֻץС
һֻͬһŴһ㣬еıըನУһ㶼ûй¶
һƽ˾ÿ¡
һֵֻ·ƷֶŸ߸ϵа񣬵ֶֻεĻҶɻʧģ


2461 νǿҲ
аĿ֮˼ֲ˼飬ӡ˶ı
ÿһöӡʮ־ˣ
ղһöӡֻһξͽش˽ըɰС
νײУѰ׼ֻһ¾㹻Ҫˡ
ȻȴȻƷĸסˡ
ⱾѾͬѰˡ
ʱѾˣնɱЩа
ЩаȻֻĲдƷȻһܹɱ˵ġ
֪ЩдƷʵܹϳΪһ׼ʾаġ
Ǿ͸֮ǰǸӦûп׼ʾ˻ܹʰ˵ˡ
һԵϽץһˣһ޸˽
Ʒ飬˵ֱĺϢ
֪ΪʲôƷͻȻ첻塣
һҲͣ޸˽
޸˽Ļ»Ӱ쵽ˣǸʱˡ
οҲһӣ˽شδҲмӰ졣
ΪԽӰҲԽǳƷѾ˽Ӱ죬Ǻں
ҲΪʲôƷֿɵõĺôҲںԭˣΪˣΪȻԵõ޴ͬģҲʹĻʳ󶨵һһĻʳ˵ʲô飬ƷҲһش
ɱ˵޿ˡ
аĮ˵޳Ϊаһŵ֮УУֻԼԼĿһ˫ʮ־Ϭ
䣡
аٶȳֻ֣һΣȴЩӡΪЩӡܶԳƷʲôв
һһȭʱ֮кʮ־˵һ⡣
˫ž޴ޱȵĴһ㣬һת
һŭҪȼʡ
һȭҪƷɱаŭֱӺ˿ռ䣬Ƭ񷡣
ƷҲͬˣָȭɲǼ䣬ֱӴȭ֮ݻ˰޴o
ЩoͬoһֱӺɨһУѹһС
¡
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˫ֲձըԵޱȵѤá
ضڷڡ
ըನ۶֮еʱ򣬳ƷĽ»ǿЩըನ֮УʧӰ١
еĵ۶ûܵһ˿һӰ졣
ڵ۶֮е˶ɵһû˫սನ
ʱ˫սղаսһΡ
䣡
䣡
䣡
˫ȭͷշεײҲ֪һΣֻһ޴ײĹͷѵ
ŰһѪķɽ˿аˣ
ʱȭͷֱըѵˣѪ
аڳ˼𾪵顣
ܵģ˵Ҳǿģôܱһˣа˵õľ籾һ
˵õ˵֮¸ûеء
ȴ˵֣˵ӲӲս֮У·磬ش
а޵еĴ˵Ƶˣ˵һֳ衣
ǿǺǣ
ƷЦ˵
νǿҲˣһ岻ֻɽϻӳƴѣ
ƷĻͬһݺݴ̽аࡣ
ԭ޵еţ׼֮޵еĴڣȼ硣
ȼ磬ҲѾǼˣܸǿ
ڳƷ߸ۣۡ
ν޵вûƷˡ
аٶųųƷ˹ȫ±鲼żΪŨааֱӳųƷϯ˹
רаΪ£а
ͬʱֳԣֱӳųƷ˹
а򣿸ƣ
Ʒһ󿪴ϣһȭֱӺаа
Ʒȭ֮ͬлҹյһһǺӡ
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أ
һȭаİ壬Ѫӿ
⻹ڹؼʱ㿪ĹĻѾˡ
ˣҲֱӱϵˣձ飬ѪѪ׷ɡ
ʲôаһҫ˸ģôʧܣôʧܣ
аŭţǿϵʹ࣬ŭա
аһԼᣬ˴Բһ˿һ¡
֮а磬һһƻƸ˳γһ޴ޱȵĺӰ


2462 а
а񲻶ԸԼʧܡ
˵Լʧܣ൱˵ʧܣǾԲ̵ġ
а¶ɢżΣյϢ
Ʋûеõƣ෴ģڽһĶ񻯡
һѾɵһ߻ָֻ˵۶֮еĽ磬һĶа
һΣаͻȻϮһֲ
ȵ˽ֶԱǼˣаķըǰƺҲûκá
Լըˣ˽ը
ǹؼʱ򣬳Ʒ군ˡ
аʵаŵĺܣʵϣƷ֮ǰɱЩаʱҲƷԼĲ²⡣
ǾЩапܾһЩ
аı󣬺ܻܿһĻ֡
Ǹʱûһȫ֪˵ǸĻͬԶߵƲһ
ϾаĴѾˣа֣Ѿ꣬߳Ϊаūꡣ
ĻּڣҲ㲻ѾˣȻôҲûܹЩаһ¡
ֻû뵽Ʒ뿪֮û꣬Ļ־Ѿˡ
ʱףԼȫˣǸĻַǵû෴ģ»ĺúõġ
ֻۣһһūѾ׼ʼʵ˸жôǿ
˵еĻô
뵽ֻûڱ
վһߵĻôֱ
ΪزԽף׼ʺĻ֮Ĳжôľˡ
ֻһǻˣһǵ
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ղţаʵǿһϡ
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аȼԼݵʵǡ
ˣһǷˣ
ȥаһˡ
漴ʶаͲѰ顣
ĳѾˣһ㡣
һΪ飬ǲܳ˭Ϊ˵ģֻԼ޵УԼĵпߵһ
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Լһһߵ׼ʾȣаĵֵһᡣ
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ҲֻǶڵѣڿԶ̵ֻж̶̼аˡ
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а˫һĸʵ̫ԶˣûƳƷĴڡ
һ׼ʶ࣬ӳɳ۷壬ٵ˥䣬䡣
ģ֪ж١
ǳƷȴͬͷǳСȴһһǰ޵еϢ
ҪƲ֪Ҫɨ¶п˵֮ǰҲƵƵĻ
һսƷеĽ˾·òַΪԼ
Ҳеĵ֧ôĵԲ˺衣
һ춯صײÿһεײ֮еĻŽ
û֧ŵ۶µĽֻ۶ҪĹ֮Ϊˡ
˫ԽԽԶݣ֮󣬾Ѿ֮С
ⲢаԸ㿪ݣ෴ģǱƷݣԶԶ˿Կ˽ֵನǳҪ
ǻǾõսľ
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Ҫ֪ǵļʶɲ٣Ȼ֪ϵǳֲһݣ൱һӴ硣
߽սԴ磬ǺεȺ˵顣
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аıը֮дһ޴ޱȵĢơ
а


2463 ܱ
аһ
аһս춯أͬģҲǻأ
㽫ټĵ۶촷ۡ
˱Ƶû˻·һаʵڻ֮󣬿׾ٵĽ۶еͳͳɱ˸⡣
˶Ѿʼؽ԰
۶ʹ
һٵڻָ֮ɫҲõĶˡ
һΣ˳ĻһΣڽˣ
ȻһЦԽʧеû˿Ķҡ־
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û־Ҳ߲ز
һ·ϲ֪ҪܶǿУпܳɾ׼ʵľΪ
Ҳû뵽ǾȻô죡
Ʒüͷ΢˵
ȷʵû뵽а񱳺Ǹ˻ʱͻȻΪȥӦû£˭룬Ȼڳˡ
û취˭ʵֻǱأȻһЦ˵
ҲûжôľɥʵԲֻܱ
ʵ㹻ǿĻⶼ⣡
Ѿǻʵ˻ʣô۶Էʲôʱɱţûκô
һ㷵عأʵ
ҽĸһЩ
ƷⷽҲûжͣҲûΪҲûκαҪ
ҲûйĹʣȻҲ֣ƷʹвһԴݡ
Դ磡
ʵϣΪزȻ֪ϴ硣
ϹʱΪԻ͵ʱ߹ͬͳ磬һж磬֪
ݣؽ磬ħȵȣϵеһ֡
ֻĿǰʵͬǰͳ硣
Ѿʵоˣв
а񱳺Ĵڣ´ţֻһĻ֣ĻһӴ硣
ǿͬ׼ʼа񣬾ȻūͣǸжôĿӹɡ
ڱûһӴ磬ǸܵģҲƾ棬ûռһĻͱռˡ
żͷаˡ
аȻնɱ䱳»һǿĻ֣ݵĿռѾգԷõϢʱǻ֮أ
ǵ˵
ֻҪƿݵĿռ꣬ôԷǰʱ⣬Ǹʱֻڽӡ
ܹʹ׼ʼаĻֺпʼĴڣֻпܣҲȻܹܵ˵ġ
ֻаٷ֮һĿԣ˵ǰٷְٵĻ
ҲĵĵطԭΪԷҪõϢ»Ҫܶ꣬ڿò˶ˣ
Ʒͬģؽ͵ҲͬģǰݵʱѾؽĿռ꣬ڷ޾ա
պǳƷûܹǰؽ͵
ΪƷͬĵġ
˴ݴؽ硣
һ뷨ȻԷǰ޿ɱ飬ǰԷڵ翴Ǻηʥ
Ʒ˵
ҪսҲӦݣƷ˵
ԶգЩ𾪵˵
֮˽⣬һͬʯһǶ޾֮С
ҪԶգҲϵĸ֡
ΪЩʵ̫Զˣֱ޾Ҫգ֪Ҫʱ䣬;֪Σգ֮ǿޱȿֲĿռ
ЩռԽ׼˺Ƭֻӵһֿռ䴩ܹĿռɴĿռ籩
ħıȽϽ磬ҪҲףҲħమɱ꣬໥ԷԶڶԷλñȽŴ໥Ŀԡ
ֻؽңԶǰѾдϵܹڶʱڴ
Σ绹һǳΣյ飬Ƕ׼Ҳ⡣
һҲΧĿռ̽뿪̫ԶĻпΣա
ҵķ񣬳ŶԷڻûӦ֮ǰҲȥԷ翴ԵĻնǸĻ֣󻼣
Ʒƽ˵ԼĴ㡣


2464 ʱӢۣӢʱ
ȻˣȥɣҲҪĴ㣡Ҵʾܳ嵽ʾҲͲ˱ˣ
˵ʱżּᶨ˵ĿǰΪֹΨһеİ취ͻƵʾ
ҾҲȻ
Ʒҡҡͷ˵ȣڳʾĻ֣̫Ϊʾģô
Ʒ˴Ļʳ̫棬۾УƷ֪Ļʳ̫ʮ
Ͼ̫ȻǻܣǸסЩ˵ȥô꣬Ѿɢˡ
ĻʳʷλЩǿ۷ΪʲߣҲֻͨ
ûбе׼ʾģ֮⣬Ҳֻд̫һ
۷ͻƵ׼ʾ磬ǰͰͿԵģ˵ȫʱ䡣
ǰӼ˻ʾܼȥľܼȥȥôŬû취
ԴĻʳյԴ˵൱ʮ֮ҲΪôҲʹ̫׼ʾ硣
ΪʱãʱãƼʻᡣ
ӢʱƣʱҲӢۣ
һ໥ӰḶ́
̫ʱƼʻᣬ¶̫һž޵ﶨ¡
ʱ̫ǸʱҪӻԻͣ콾׷׶һˡ
ԼԸо˶ˣͬ㽫һ̶ڴˣݵ¸㡣
̫ͻƵ׼֮󣬳ͻƻʾʱ߻ħشġ
ȻѵĻȴ˸ٶ֮󣬲ǧˡ
׼ǿ֮˵ͺͨ˲Żʮûʲôֱ
ʱ˳ּĶЩôĻʳ;
֮󣬽սƽķս֮С
˵һѪӡ
һĻڴĻʳ˵ҲɼĶ
ǽЩŴ콾֮гɳڴĻʳ˵һѹ
ݵ̫֮ôĻʳҡҡ׹
ҪΪʾҪǧĥ
Ʒ˵
ֻʱĸʾԶǿͻƵĸʺܵͣͻˣδͻ˻ʾ֮ķչҲʵǳĲ
ڿ˵ֱһһЦ˵еҲĿǰΨһеĵ·ҲܷҲǿͻƾˣ˵Ҳܱ̫࣬ΪѾɲ⣬ͻƲԶ˰ɣ
Ʒ˵ͷȷʵѾ޽ӽǸˣǹһܾҪѷǳʱ䡣
Ȼͬǳ׼ʾ磬ǳƷȴҪߵĸԶĶˡ
ֻǸտ׼ʾ磬Ѿһ·ߵ˼£ֻ벽ܹʾ
ĳ˵һһ·ͷһѾһ·βˡ
ɣǸԶոԼ뷨ȥб޻ܻǺ£
˵
ǺãǾͰոԵ뷨ȥ°ɣ½Ҵӹ壬ܾҪæտˣ
ͷȻûģûңµЩҲܵίģ
ܻƷЩԷγɵ˵ĹϵҲԶѰҪǢĶˡ
ûйԭֻΪһ·ʵ̫įˣܹеǹУοǵˣ͸ѵˡ
ǼȻˣұȸˣһȥ׼һ£Ʒ
ͷĿͳƷ뿪
Ʒ뿪֮󣬷Զǣ˸ĸ
Ҫ뿪
½ɿ˵
֮󣬲֪ӵҵж󣬸ؽܹᲢ۵ġ
ؽʱҵʱܴ󣬵ڿݵҵС׼ס
ţҪȥҪһЩʱ䣡
Ʒûоʲô飬˶µˣֻ²С飬ҲóƷּĴǰ
˼չǣҲʹˣǿǰ۶֪ͨ
ƷڽһЩ顣
һЩȫ֮󣬳Ʒҵ˼꣬ɴֱӽͻƵ׼ʵϸڣͻƳɻ߾Ϲɼ
ΪƷԼ֪ʲôʱŻɲܻ
ЩƷŽ֮Уͨаʬ壬̳׼ӦǸĻڵ硣


߾ Ž


2465 ȫµ磬֮
ޱ֮Уһ·ϵ
ֻһ·һǿģֻϵĸֲܹü
ʵϣҲֻϵĸֲпܺǿգĻһںɵһλþѾľˡ
ƷѾ·֮Ϸһʱ䡣
һ·ϣƷҲһЩӵ򣬵ǲλ硣
ֻ͵ȼ磬ЩͻΪλ棬ؽǰλ档
Ͼλ棬˵ݾһλ档
濴ȥһ෴һ޴ޱȵĴ½
ڴ½ΧƯСǴ
ԶԶȥһ޴ޱȵĹ⻷
ȽϳƷǰǸ޴ޱȵλ˵ֱС׼ˡ
ڳƷǰһ޴ޱȵĴ½ǰ½ֱѾ꣬޴ޱȵλǰݶֻС׼ס
ڵˣаô
λΧȻľ޴磬籣С
׼ȷ˵򣬰λλ֮Уֻ֮еģλֻһ֮УĳЩ£ܱ۲⵽ĳЩ£ܻ֮С
˵ؽ类һͨ˺͵򣬲ͨ
λȴȫͬλ൱һС͵棬ֻǺȣͬն
ȴѾ֮һ硣
ζܱе˹۲⵽Ҳ֮С
ֻͨ·пܵĵط
ãã֮Уٳͨ˴·ǵͳʱڽġ
ͨЩ·ͨһ򣬰λ棬λ档
û·ָǳƷ׼Ҳǲ׼ȷҵһӴġ
лߣ
ƷϾжϣԭǱˮ
ֻ㹻磬ſּܵĸ֣
ӵеʼĳƷ̫֪Ҫͻƻɶྪ춯صľˡ
ҲΪʲôûݳͻƵԭǳˮ
һ˵ͻƣ¾Ҫؽ͵ȫⶼԶԶ
Ҫͻƣֻһ˾㹻ݻɾݱĩա
ֻȫԼһ˵ˣƷˡ
ҲûбҪ
ֶ̫ˣ
һ磬˵Ҳ󺣣
ԼһǰȥͷҲⷽԭ
뵽֮УܴŻߣҿֹܲһλʱ򣬳ƷֻоԼȫϸڷڣҪըˡ
ݺ޵Уûе֣ĥĶ־ˣھҪ磬Ҫ޾Ķĥͻơ
Ʒһһһɴӡ֮ϡ
¡
ϱһСѷ죬漴ϻָˣֻǧ֮һʱ䡣
̣֪֮
ǧ֮һʱ䣬Ʒһݹ⣬С
ոս磬δɫƷѾоһǰδеĸо
δ󺣵ĸо
ݣƷһܺ䴩ǽڣ綼ʵ̫ˡ
ͬһͷʷǰһˮһȻ޵УҲδ
»ص˴֮С
̣֮ƷƣԼȫһҲǴһѷ죬Ȼͻϻָ
磬Ʒ˺ѿռ䣬ÿһԾͬǳ涴ԾһԾʮϰ֮⡣
̫̫ϵֻҪӵʱͿ
˺ѿռ䶼Ҫ߾ȫҪһԾǨȥһⶼѡ
׼µͨǲ˺ѿռģҪȥĶҪԼС
ĴСһûȫòɡ
ӵԾǨģҲǻ߲пɡ
ȻƵĺҪ簡
ƷЦ
оԼΪֿͻˣԿԸоȻԶҪ̵Ķ࣬طȴԿɵĶࡣ
Ҳζţĸ֣£ԶݶٱǧĸֵһƬ֮С
ıԴѾӽ˵ʼ֮еһƬأƷ
ʼ֮еɲ磬һסߵӴ磬ҲĻء
ıԴͱѾӽڵʼǸδϹ֮սǸ硣


2466 
ĺڣʵҲǷġ
Ҫܹܵסʵԣжôļ̣Ȼӹɡ
ԼҲǸ޼ˣֻǴСϱ𵱳۷ʱڵǸ磬ҪСĶˡ
أԶǵصޣЩ޳ͬһͷͷʨһЩʨӵıȴһһԵĳ
ЩʨӣÿһͷΪֲ׼Ϊеǿ߸ѾΪ
Ĺģгǧͷ
֪Ƕôľˣ
ݣһȺ޾ͿԺɨݣ
Ʒ޾壬Щҡַ
ʺ۷߶һ𣬸˵Ѱˡ
ȻǴ֮вģȺ֮Уģ
Ʒп˵
ԿЩȺĺĵشȻٳһУһͷ۷ޣķ
һȺ޸ͬһһֱӺɨ˷޷赲
ʱ򣬳ƷԶֱӷӶһȺˣЩ˸ɫ۷ʮƮݣ̤ŷɽÿһΪʮ־ˡ
Ȼ׼ΪΪ׵һˣȻΪҲʮֵѵˡ
ΪƷóЩʵͶ
֮Уŷ·һ㣬͵ݲ֪˶ľһ֮гѡ
£ôĸ֡
е˼
ƷԶԶĿţЩˣһȺ޵Χɱ̫롣
һȺ޳ǧÿһͷͬСɽһ㡣
ǧͷռطΧǳ㡣
㷢˼սʵҲֻһСֶѡ
˵Щ˻д󲿷ֵ޶ݡ
ֻǱԵش޾ʮ׺ƷͿһ˱ֱ˺ѳȻЩ޸ˡ
׼֮ҲѾһһܣȴͬһ㱻ɱ֮ӣɴ˿֪
ЩеΪ׵ֳ֮һоͲͬˡ
¾Щ׼ûʲô⡣
ܿ죬Щ֮оͷɳͷһȺޣһȺΧס
һȺ˶û뵽ȻıʣԼûκε׼̾ͱΧס
ȻΪ֮Ҳǹϣ̾ҪȥҪ˺ѿռӶݳȥ
ǵҪӶݳȥʱȴ֣ռȻ˹̶סˡ
ͷͷųֱӽһƬռ䶼̶סˡ
Ϊ֮ҪѵԸһӾˡ
ǵ飬ͳƷûʲôϵƷʱǳէҪĻ
룬ƷѾ˾ͷһʱͷȹסĿռֱӳѷ죬˶ҡ
һȺΪ׵ּ״Ȼ֪ôһ£̻жϣһӾʹʧ˰ΧȦ֮С
𣡡
ԶЩ޷ŭĿǰܵŭա
һȺ˸ո˻ڣŷֺŲĵطԤеĵط
ֱӳһ˵ԡ
˿ȥԼĪŶʮҵģһϮ£ʮᣬ˻ں֮ʱΪ׵ӿ˵½첨лǰ
һŮʱˣܹͻȻգǺйϵ
лǰ
һ֮Щ˶ʱ׷
ǿɲ˿ĵǰ˿ᣬȻ˭֪ʲôݷ֡
ϾܹɴһȺнǾģôܻѰˡ
˶Ź֣ϲŭ޳һͷҪǶ޻֮
׼֮пνһȨ棬һ֮У׼ɲʲô˲õĴ
һЩλ׼ֻǾӢӰˡ
Щϲŭ޳Ϲǰ϶㲻ϡ
ÿ
Ʒ˰֣˵
ҾǣȻҵĿģҪõõǣ
ǰֱԣ
Ϊ׵½첨æ˵
ܹЩоĽģֻһֿܣҲ۷
ͨߺ۷֮Ĳжˣ˿ᣬĳϹﲻ𰡡
Ҳеɻ΢õ˻⣬ûĿĲŸӿֲĿľˡ
Է֪꣬Ѿģһһ£ƾΣƷɫĿ˵


2467 Ž
ǵģƷһΣҪװһԷǰˡ
óЩ˶ǰǷǳƶġ
׼ʵȻ̸ϳϣʶ̸ǳϡ
ȴͨԷֶδڣͬЩݷ绪ïĹŴ콾һ㡣
ֶԹУֻ֮вŶС
ԳƷŷðǰˡ
ԭˣ
϶¶˹Ȼ˵飬ƷϵϢʱ綼̫һ
ԭǾв²⣬ڲ֤ʵеĲ²ѣȷʵͬ²ǰ㣬ƷȷʵңԶǰĶǿ߰
ԭǰ
½첨ϾɫѾ²⵽˳ƷĿġ
ƷܿԷʱ̫ˣõԭĥĵزˡ
ĻƷѯһԼĺﲻʲôô
ڳƷҪЩˣһжȷô
ǰǰӦѾˣ˵һ¡
漴½첨͸Ʒ
ƷҲŵһ֪ԭǱ֮ΪŽ硣
Žʷ֮Զֻ»Զ֮ϣӵде硣
ݳƷЩľֵϹ֮սڸɵӰȫͬġ
˵磬ѾȫϾ˹Ϣʧĸɸɾ
ؽҲֻһЩ񻰴˵УԼԼ֪йһŴڸһоûˡ
ݶϹʱĴбĶһЩҲȻֻϹʱ֮Ĵм¼Ƚ϶࣬ǽʱļ¼
Ϲʱ϶ֻ񻰴˵Ϲʱĺܶļ¼ֻܿǵοƷԼͨʼ֮е֪Ҫࡣ
֪Ϲʱ˴սѣ֮⣬ʲôõϢûС
Ž֮УȴǷǳȷģΪŽϹһս֮λûвսĻֱ硣
׼ȷ˵ǵʾסһƬ
ԲŻƷо͵ʼ֮еĵסǳˣΪһһѡ
ݻŽ֮ݻʮʮ־һγŽĸ֡
һǹŽĶϷҲĽ紦
а̵ĵ̣ŵ
ӵлھһʱһطĽ紦֮һ
ǶǸԲ֮һǵĵӣΪǡ
ͳǵΪɡ
½첨еһϡ
˵ȷʵܽˣֻ÷ɵģҲǺԶˡ
ΪˣԳƷЩȻһŸȻôģȺ壬ͺؽ۶һǧ׵ĵط̾ޡ
ָоںͱһѵʲôֱ
޷Ǿ˵㣬һȻռųǳأʵޣŽ֮УȺʵǳǿǿҲû취ɾ
òǳؽԱˡ
Ʒڷٸ½첨ĻŹŽƣа̵ʱ򣬲ɵüͷһ
а֪Ǹа񱳺ĻֵĻе˼ˡ
Ϊ½첨˵а̵ıһλߣ˵ѹаʡ
ааʿٳһλ߶ˣôȻӹɣ롣
Ȼ½첨Ŀܹ֪ʮлȻʵϻͶ겻ˣԷⶼеǡ
Ǹ֮ͽͽ
ϾҲޣԷĻѾˣ
ӵи컻صȴû֮ƥ޾еʹ
һʢĻӵ׽µı£ȴòԷ⣬Աʱ˺Ǻε֮¡
ˣƷҲܾʹ˵ġ
أ½첨ƷʱȴԶЩֱӳųƷ߷˹
ãЩʨ޷ˣ
½첨ʱɫ䡣
Щʨ޳ǧֻڱԵǻԣ룬гǳصıЩʨ޵ʵƥǣɱⶼʲôѵ顣
ЩɵĵӸŵɫࡣ
ղžͲЩʨȺ֮УȻǵġ

Ʒһһֻֻɴӡȥ
¡
һ£ٵķʨޱֱĳ촷ۣҲķʨޡ


2468 չʵ
ЩɵĵӿһĻͬǼ˹һû뵽ƷȻôֲȻôǿ
һȻֱٷʨޣлְ
ȻڹŽ֮вϣȴҲһˣСϺˡ
Ŀǰ˵ҪĶ󣬵ڳƷ׾ٵĿնɱ
ǰʵԶ֮ǰ
ҲǸ۷Ŀֲڡ
ʲôļǸûʸĸ߸ϵĴ
ǳƷһǵûסЩʨޣ෴ģЩʨ޸ŭգ׷ųųƷɱ˹

Ʒٶһ漴ΰεضֱӻһֱɱ˷ʨ֮С
ʱЩɵĵӲʶʲôоǿߡ
Ʒһֻʩչ߽һַֻ־һɴӡ
ʲôɱ¾Ǽʶˡ
Ʒÿһٵķʨ޵ˡ
ܿ죬Щʨе߾Ͷ׷׳ųƷķ˹ܹ赲סƷĽŲ
һͷͻᱻ׾ٵɱһͷɱͨķʨҲûʲô
ڣ⾪˵ɱ¾е֮һʱھһȺʨеߣһͷͨɫķʨޣ޴ͬһ̫ɽ
ͷų޾ķͨųƷķ˹һӣĿ֮£Ʒһն
޴룬䵽˵ϣ쳾ˡ
⡭⡭⡭½첨ûֱնɱ۷ǺεΪ
ⲻߣ׼ʰ׼ʰ
½첨ıɵĵĿɿڴ˵
˵ĿǰҪĶǿߡ
ô׼ʾ͸˵ˣڻ߲ʱ֮У׼ʾ¼ͳߡ
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Щ׼ʣκһǵǿߣߵĶõŴͳµͳν׼
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ʱ½첨Ѿ𾪶ˣһвǵĴڵǿȺȻô򵥵ıƷɾˡ
Ψ׼ʲĵ
¼ͳߣ
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ƨȹģȺֵһᣬôһȺ޶вܴôƷ˵װһʡ
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˵½첨СĵĿһ۳Ʒ˵лǰΪǽôвǰʱĻһɨӭģ
Ʒ΢΢һЦ»漴˵ͷ˵ǺãұȥȥҲ£
½첨Ĵ֮£Ʒ˾Զһǳء
ԶԶͿԿһΪӴĳС
֮еĳǳػҪӴ
һƶ˵ĸߴǽһǳء
ڰ߲ĳǽϿԿսĺۼǲ֪ʲôսµĺۼϡԸоһɹǿϢ
ٵĵطѪЩѪȥ˺ܶȴȻ߱ǿ˵
Ʒ֣ڳŵĵطв˶ŶӣЩŶӵڽĵرɹ˲ǡ
Ʒ̾ˣǴžǱˡ
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Ǹ϶ֻһȺʨޣ»ͬޣÿһȺʮֵĿ¡
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Ʒ½첨˵Ĵ֮£ûɵıҪ
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ǶɵأΪɵĳϣȻʮ硣
ټǣƷǵĺĵشڼѾõϢȺǵĳҲɵ
һ΢΢ЩӣƷʱ򣬵һʱһԿǰ


2469 Ϊ̫ϳ
Կ֣Ϊ˵ǱϹϾ
Ʒ˵ͷҲʲôֵģԿΪǳʵҲֻһ۷ѡ
Ҳ֮ǰһȺʨ޵ʵ൱
Ʒʱˣѹ֮ǰ½첨˵ЩȺ壬ܹвǵĴ
һ׼Щ޶ʲô
׼ʵҲԵһȺ۷ˡ
񣡡Ʒ˵ͷ˵
Ϊ׼ʣȻͷġ
Ʒ֣Կɵ΢΢һ³ƷֱӷûС
ǺεĴڣҲ״ӳ֮ѣ£׼ʾѾΪĴڡ
ײ֡
Щ˶ףͬĻʵ϶һŭ֮£ʬʮ
ԿѾõϢȻͱϯƼȣɷ¶ƽԼ᲻óʳõĺöʱͳͳ˳
ѰĶƷȻǲϵģ̷֮󣬷Լ屻Ⱦ
ԿȻǳ֪һ㣬ĵر޶Ǿر⿣Ƕ׼˵ҲΪѵõܡ
ڷõĻΪҲǴ档
ҲóƷ󱥿ڸ֮
ϯ֮ƱյｻƷҲ˳ʶһ֮и߲½첨Կ֮⣬һϵжʮĸ߲㡣
Щǵĸ߲ˡ
ԿĽܣƷҲ֪ǵ
׼ȷ˵ļ壬ͲһΪֻԵɺϣиָУղγǺɡ
Щ֣һͬɽͷǳɢȻ׼ʣҲ׼Ҳǿˣһֻϡ
ֶԼԼ԰
Ȼ֮ϵܶ࣬ϵڵĳԿһͬΪ½첨ʵԿµһ֡
ǰһ֮룡
Կ˵
˵ɣ
Ʒ˵ͷ˵
ԿǰΪǵ̫ϳϣӽУλ൱ǰƺûеطţĻǰӦ
Կֳٵֶɵɫ׷һ䣬Ʒʵӹɣ׼ʼĸ֡
óԺúȵĹţǵûʲôĻͻΪǵĶͷ˾
ҳƷʵǿ󣬲һʱǵ¾ҪɳƷһƿˡ
Ʒ˵ɫֻһ˲䣬Ҳ㹻óƷ֪ܶˣЩǣЩ˾ȻûһԷԵġ
Ϊ³Ʒ׼ʵʵ·ΪĳԭŲûг
ֳһʱΪž
Ʒ΢˼Ƭ̣Ǻãұ㵱̫ϳϣ
ƷȻԼĴ㣬Ž綼زȻҪһ֮ء
ĿǰҲûʲôǸӺʵĵطˡ
еĸʵޣʲôв÷ơ
̫ˣԿϣ
Կæ˵
ƷҲ˵ͷԳˣ
Ҳһ֮룡
Ʒ˵
˵ڳϾе̫ϳϣļңʲô˵
Կæ˵һϣƺ³ƷʲôֵҪ
Ʒ˵ͷ뿴һǵĲؾ⣬ұϾ̫ã鶼˽ˣ
ԿɵһȻ׼۳ƷʲôҪ󶼻ӦǳƷֻҪȷʵ㲻ʲô
Ҫ󣬿»ᱻ˴һؾ֮г˸־֮⣬еĹ
Ȼزص淨УҲصһЩ
ʱ˾ܱ˿ǵһЩ֮Ϊеİѱ
ȻڳƷ˵ûô鷳ˣʵҪ֪Щ˵ĸʲôһкȥҲˡ
򵥴ֱô򵥣
ҲļɵΪƷԽ̫̫ˡ
Կ̾һ׼ֻǰ벽֮ңǾ벽֮ңȴһӣѾ߹˴룬ֻǿŲϣʵѾҪĺꡣ
Ȼ粻ȥվϣ
׼ʵǰ٩٩̸ʵʲô
Ǵһ϶ѣ
Ȼûģϰ˴ȥؾ⣡
Կæ˵
Ʒ˵ͷ
ǵĸ߲Ҳ׷һҲ³Ʒʲô˵


2470 ׼ʾ
ڼƷûнʲôӹֵҪ󣬶ɵһǰƺϲŭ޳֮ܵ˵Ǻõġ
ƷһУҲֻ΢΢һЦһпȴûзϡ
֪Щƣֺγûƣ֮Ĺϵ໥ã̸ʲô顣
Ȩϣ뿪Ҳһͷ飡
ƾЩˣס
ǳС
Կ½첨Զ
һΣĺãΪΪ׼ʣԿǺЦʾ
ֻϲΪǳ⻹Ǹδ֪½첨̾һ˵
ԿЦ˶λƽȣԳƷǵȿֲ׼ʵʱȴû˿á
ô˵λǰƺǱȽϺ˵ģϣҲùûϣ
Կ˵ҵ˵ⱲͻƳΪ׼ʵĿ̫Сˣðһɹʻ֮һʣµֻ䣡
ҲѾ룬Ψһͷǽʦ괫ĵȥ˭Ҳ뽫ǵĵͳ𣡡
˵ԿѾмĿ
ǰǱѡˣ½첨һԿȻԿ˼ҲǲͶҽʵû취İ취ˡ
ͬʱԿİ֮£ƷͽĲؾ֮С
ؾһ޾޴ޱȵĳǳء
ǳ֮Щһһ鼮
Щ鼮ҹѾһһÿһ鶼ݻһ硣
ò˵ȷʵһ漣֮жûֹģ
Ϊûôʱ䣬عҲô
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ЩڳƷĿ֮ɪɪԼһֹ׳
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еսݣϴսֻأǼ¼ű鼮
е˸Ծ֮ڽ·дܽԼʶУ׫деĵúͱԴ
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֮⣬ָ鼮Ҳеǣе鼮ݻһɽˮĶ츣أĳһμмصĳһ츣صľ
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ԳƷΪ˵ȴʲôˣĿ֮е׷׳ԼĺģɳƷۿ
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Ʒṷ̀˵ĵ
евټ׼ʵһЩͨͷŵ飬ЩͨͷţԿòϣ׼ʣЩǰϹ
ڳƷ˵Ҳе㼦ߣģκԶʤЩϼصͨͷš
һЩڹŽ֮еźϢԼһЩʶȱȽƷע⡣
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ͳƷԼڵʼ֪֮Ķһ˵׼ʵĻ֡
Ʒ׼ʵ˽⣬̶ܴϣǵʵ˽⡣
Ǹ֮У׼ûʲôֵġ
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ΪϹʱڣлԶʤڣڵĲ࣬Ͼ൱ڵķ޺֮Ĳࡣ
⻹Ҫӿţ
ڳɾʾ޵˵׼ֻǺСһڣܲöãѾͻƹȥˣе츳ĻֱӴ۷ʾǴڵġ
Ͼͳϵ֮У֮ǻʾν׼ʣǿ֮䲻ײһδڰˡ
ڵʵĸûν׼ʻֵ顣
Щ֮УƷһ˵׼ʾ죡
׼û취ͻƵʵľ磬ֻܸǿֳ˾졣
͵׼һأߵ׼ʾأ
Ȼ˵׼һػ׼ʾضûʲôֱ޷һƾ϶ѡ
Ƕ׼֮䣬һϵĻȴ൱Ҫá
ָոտ׼ʾģȻ׼һأ׼֮ġ
Լˣɱһͷаͬɥ֮Ȯ
Ϊ֮Ĳ̫ˡ


2471 һ֮
һͷа׼ʾӦǴ׼صľ磬Ӧǳ׼أԲܽ˽ı
˽֮սҲ׼ʶضѡ
ƷǴ׼ص۷塣
ʱضܸһﵽ׼أﵽ׼أĳ˵ǲ׼ϵڡ
Ǿһˡ
Ƕ׼֮һ츲صĲͬ⣡
ڹŽ֮Уʻڳߵ״̬˥ϵʱ䣬ͼı񣬳ӡ
£׼ʱ¼ס
׼֮Ͼĸ֣չزıͻƵʵľ硣
ԽǸԽǲԸЩ
ΪѾܽӽʣʱпͻƵʾ硣
˵ʮģʱ䲻˷Щ֮ϡ
ֲʣѾﵽϵ۷壬Էʱ䡣
˵ͻƣھ·һ
һܹе׼죬ģѾǵŽܹ֮Ϊ֪Ĵڡ
һԺա
׼һص׼أѰĶ࣬һǿһУŽ֧
һͻƵ׼أ׼֮УҲƵһ֡
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ܵ˵ҲڵĲΣΪպͻҲṩһ򣡡Ʒ
һΪԼ׼֮ߵ˶㣬ڵ˹Žŷ֣֮ǰԼĸоǴġ
Ϊǿǿˣ߲
Ϊؾô
ݲֻһƵС磬ݲ¸ǿĸ֣
һͻƵ׼أǽֻһǳƷһһ߱һֶܽռ˺ѳ롣
ΪǸ˵̫СˣһˮôһҪôǱ棬ҪôֱӴˮס
ǰ
˹Ž֮һоͲͬˣһȫµ硣
ԭѹƣһӾʧˡ
Ѿܹоͻƾǰˣ
Ļǰ
Լ֮·֮½ĵ˵ͷ
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ֻ찵صĴս
ĽҲһӣ
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أʱһӿֲĽâͬһ㣬ɨ˳գվͽһֱ
ҽѾ
лλǰеߣ
ԼҲû뵽֮УȻܹǹвĶ
ߣ˵Ҳô׵ľͱնɱ
һоͽǸ׵׵ɱ
ٶ𺧣ͬղһ˵ĵâһƿǵĳǷһ
һ̫ˣͬλֱ
Կ½첨˻֮еʱһӰƾո֮ϡ
ǶһǸոռǵĳƷô
Կ½첨໥һۣʱ¶˼־ϲЦݣֻĴ㣬ǵƷվһֵ߳ʱȴʮͿϲ
ղһ˳Ʒ֮⣬Ҳܹʩչĳˡ
лϳ֣Կæ˵
ƷƳһԿ˵ȻǵһӣⱾǷ֮£
ʱƷҲףԿΪʲôͻǣûôԸȴҲͬˡ
ֻΪǰЩǿУ


2472 ɱǳ
ȻЩˣͻȻֵģԤı
֮ˣЩͻȻֵĵȻҲһ֪˵׼
ԼΪǵ̫ϳϣȻ׼ĺ֮һ
һһ
ƷҲ໥ñ֮飡
Էǿ޿ƥУƷ򲻹ĻǵȻҲָƷܹΪѪս
½첨ԿƷûһһ֮УгƷõϢԺϷ
Ļǿ¾군ˡ
ƾԷϵĽҲ·һȻҲֻѡ֮ض
Щ˾ʲôˣ
Ʒֱӿ˵
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һУŴССǳأĳǳػв١
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ǵʵ࣬ల£˭֪ǵĳһͻƵ׼ʡ
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׼ʶѹӹɣ׼ʣ׾ٵնɱ
̶ʱڣѾ򽵷˺üǳء
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а̣ŵУžСӹҼңɳһ׼ʶصĸ֣ԽǵĴƴݻ١
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ֻԶԶţܹ֪Ǿ˵ĵնϻǺεȿµ顣
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ʱƷУޱȵĿ£ͬ˵еħһ㡣
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Ʒ߸ϣͬһһ㣬Ȫ̤ʩչȪˮضɻȪ
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ǳҽһ屻ȵķѣʱ


2473 һǧ޵еս
ǳƷ׾ٵնɱ
̶ûһĲ
ǳͳƷʵ࣬ȻҲӹɵģһĿȻ
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һһǵ֮󣬳Ʒ۾еķһųֱ֮ٶ֧
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ݣ
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ţȴǿޱȵĳǵ߱߱ؿڣ࣬߾ֱӱ䴩Դ
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ǵĽ֮ǰǸȣҲû˿Ĳࡣ
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ʱĳǵҲڸ߿֮и߸ϲոһеļʸĳƷ
ʶ˳ƷĻǽûʲô·
ɱңƷ¶˼ֿ飬Ǵмֲм


2474 ǣһ
ֱӷǰĵˣųƷķͻϮ˹ֲֿĹأγǵصĿ񳱣ųƷϯ
ֲֿĹһ˲䣬Ѿɨ˳ƷĸǰһӾͱǡ
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ȴֲĳųβͣͬǻһ㣬ֱӶ񷣬˲ͶǼߡ
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Щǿĳǵ߱˲䶴֮䵽˵ϣֲļʸ䴩ֱ֮Ӿû˵֮Уһ޴ӡ
ЩǿҲ֮УܿѪЩӡ
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ʱҲҪλܣɱƷˣֻϣƾ׼ԱشƷΪǳȡһĻᡣ
׼ԱɱƷǷҲ뷨
׼ƷЦһʾķУ׼Ҫ˵ǸЦˡ
˵ʱʱ죬Ʒһֻץ˳Ȼܣһ׼ץС
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׼һ˵ıը
˶ɵˣǿֲıըγɵľ񳱻δüɢͱһһѹסˣȻһһС˵Ƥӵ£ǱըһһѹƣֱֱɢˣΪС
ôܣ
Ǹ߶ʱ̱ˣɵˡ
ȫû뵽׼ıըǵûܹشƷЩв
Ʒǿĳ̶ȣֱо׼ԱǳԽ˱ǿһģǳԽ˼޵ǿһûκε˳Ʒ
֪ƷжôĿֲˡ
ԭѾҪͳƷͬھѾĴ־׵ױ±ˡ
ȫȫɵˣ

ƷЦһȻһֻٶץ˳ȥǸ߾һץѪһѪɫӿɽͼڵ֮ڡ
վ
ܹӳʵҲΪ޵ģʱ򣬲ٿص˲ߣǳǳͻͬ
ԳǳʵܶԳƷЩвҲֻЩвĳ̶Ȱˡ
ǵʵ̫Զˡ
ճƷڵĹƣƷ׼صĸֶ𣬸˵ǳֻ׼һˡ
ߵķѾǳķˣķ˱Ʒ֮
ѾҲûκηˣ
ڸ׷ɱ£һֱܵ˳ǳ£ûܹģ
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ˣ֮нļҲûͶ෴ģҪǳ֮еķ翹
ڳ֮гһλߣԽҲͬ죬Եֵ׼ʼĸһʱ䡣
ԲҪ翹
ǸûκôȷʵסǴǰŲ
ǵƷϵս֮һ˳ǵķ磬һߡ
ͬһĳƷǸԿ
Ǻܿ죬о͹ҳ˰죡
֮ǰպҪ£ΪһСĳǳ׵Ļ
ԭǼǳҲ֮һ𳼷ǡ
һս춯أ˶û뵽ƾȻתӣ
ԭΪѾǳ֮ǣȻϮֱӰѳǴı
һ̵˳ԭһӳΪһС
ȻаԼȣʮǧȴѾԳһʵΧ
һʱ䣬»ȻƷҲһڹŽ紫


2475 Ÿ
һƬ֮Уһ֪˳ƷĴڣƷǿҲΪ֮ľ
ǳͻƳΪ׼ʾ֮󣬾Ѿˡ
Ĵս
Ʒʵȴڳǳ֮ϣƷҪĴսˢô»ɱȳǳĻ
ڳƷƺԴ˲ûʲô̫Ȥƽ˳֮Ͼͽ˱չص״̬
գۼ䣬һʱȥ
һʱ֮ǴѾԭеĵ̺ʵ˷츲صı仯
ҲһУΪгƷĴڣ
ûгƷôĵҲ̵ʱ֮ڳױ̡
ֻ׼ʲܹصסĵ̣
һǣƷ֮ƺû˸Ķ
ֱӾ֮н˱չص״̬
û˳Ʒ֧֣ǼҪҲǲܵġ
ûгƷ֧֣ǵʵ߱ѹԵơ
ƺרάϵǳ֮ƽ⣬ĳһǿʹ֮ʧȥƽ⡣
ĸ߲㼴㲻׼ʣҲһʱ֮ѡӢ
ܶ˲ͻƣδΪʲ̶ܴΪûиһĹ
ҲΪʲôĸֶǳʮΪǱվʮλߣΪṩһзš
Щ۷߲ſͻƵ׼ʾ磡
Ȼ֮иԿ۷ĸ֣ʮּɿȻֻɢ޼ġ
Ʒʣɢ֮еһˡ
һ죬һս۷ĸߴ֮С
ǵĳԿһʱǰӭӣ鹧˵սˣ
˿һԿֱ֮֮ϡ
Ϊ˵ԿҲֻ֣ԭֻһΪս׼ʾĸ֣վһǿɣš
׼ȷ˵һǿ壬壡
ȺսսأңԶǰѾʮǿ壬ڸǹŽеʮ֮һ
˵žսԼһҪǣҲ練Ƶ顣
֪սһǰΪ£Կæʵ
Ϊа̺мзǵĳԿѾϰһˡ
źаȻ㶯һָͷǡ
ϻ˵Ҳӣ˵뵽һŴԷ׼ʣս˵
δùŴԷʲôֵģʵ飬ڹŽ֮оԷ⡣
һԼһϣ󣬵ֲϣĻѡԷĸҲǺܸߵġ
ȻóƷ˵ʲôֵġ
ǵģǳϣԿæ˵
ţҲʲôͷֻһҪ˵ڣҪǵĳϣ֮Уûɣս˵ɨһԿʱԿ׹ߡ
ֻ֪ҪԼ˵һ֣̾ͻս
˫ݵλʵ̫Զˣ
Կǲɵ¶ֿЦȻġ
һƬ֮е֮Уһ˵һƬǱа̺ĻԱ˫ҵĳͻ
ԴҲ֪Խֹκ˸ıһƬ״
ÿһ׼ʣһʱ֮׼ʾͻĪʧ߼а̺ţ߾ʧӰ١
Ϣ֪ΪʲôĽȻĽˡ
һֱһƬ۷
׼ȻѾƻƽˣһ׼ʾܹͳƬȻȻ˵ɻС׼ףһָͷϡ
ϱϾѾ߱ҧʹǵ
˷δȻҲͳͬѡ
֮ǰǳŸͻûжãûüŰͱƷˡ
Բû١
Ǵǰδֹ׼ʼĸ֣˴ҲֻǴŰˡ
ȷˣŶġ
ѹЩƵûһ׼ʡ
ǳǣ½֮л׼ʡ
Ѿ֪ˡ
뵽Ĵ˵Щеľ֣ƺͻƵʱ򣬶뿪һƬ
ΪһƬ֮Уݲ׼ʾĸִڡ
ִƽҲܹõ档
ȫõûгƷǸزסôĵ̣ĽӦþǴһȻȻ˳ռݵļǳء
һƬָԭӦеƽ


2476 ͻƣ׼
⼸ѾΪһǱڵĹ
ҪʲôֻҪͨͻȻð׼ձնɱͿ׾ٵõָƽ
û˳Ʒ֮󣬼ǲԸ˳ǳأҲס⼸ԭǳķˣҲǡôĲ֡
еͣ
ĽҲһģԸ⻹ǲԸ⣬ֻ˳벻룬Ľһģûʲôֱ
Ļ֮£Ǹûʲôѡ
żһ׼ҲԴԭеƽ
ôŽ֮УʮȻҲûгκһԱȼеԭ붼룬ֻҪһ룬ƲסĲ
ͬĻĺŽ磬׼ȷ˵ʮֻĻ֡
һͬŽ硣
ܿŴԿɵõ˵ͷǲϵûа취⣬׼ʣǱҪ
սҲûз֪Ҫȥ׼ǶôĿЦ顣
ûиƷݺʵʱҲָʹ
ȻƷʵԶ֮ϣɱˣӳһƬ˭޶ûá
ϾֲԷ⵽ڵϼһ
һҪɱߣͶʮҲûκΰ취ܹԸˡ
ȻˣǾȥɣһ죡
ս
һ֮ܽ⣬ԿȻ淢źš
ʱڽĳƷյźš
ʱƷֲֿķڷӿ
䣡
ڣƷƲסЩֱӱ˳ȥЩγɵĳûüйͱƷսڡ
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Ͼ׼ϵĴڣȱչ֮Уж׳档
֪ƹа̵ĽҲֻһ׼صĴڣа֮п϶иǿĸ֣ҲԸ
ÿһͻƵ׼أ
ƷһͻƵ׼أ˵޷ġ
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ΪˣŴǡ
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ΪṩΪṩҪԴǸá
ҲṩһԴҪ׼ͻƵ׼壬ҪԴڶǺġ
ܹͳһһƬ򣬲пܴﵽ
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ƺһֻάһƬƽûа취ıһƬơ
ݳƷĲ²⣬а̣Ӧþˡ
һطӦҲרֱ˴֮ƽڴֵĵط
ȻʼֻһЩСͻСͻͻݱΪͻս໥
⼸ǱȻģ
ҲΪʲôڹԪʱϵåֱӽֵԭ
Ʒ˼ⱳϵʱ洫ԿϢ
Ʒ׽һ£ͷ֣֮ǰĲ²ȫϵġ
һйȻͬǰ㣬źа̵Ӱ
ֻû뵽ٶô죬ŲһѣѾӦˡ
ƷȻףӦȥţӦŵ٣ôȻǲ롣
Ϊ֪ЩͶ̺ŵ׼ʣĲףڵһ֮С
ȻĺΣÿһζиָɡ
Ǵһܹ࣬һЩ齷
ϾԼˣߣǾ޴
ƷѡͶţĽܾӭָδ֪ΣգȻĳһε֮УС
ȻϢľͽˣκټйص顣
ͷ۰ţţԲͶǣͬʱҲֱӷž㹻֮أ
Ʒʮֵͷۣڼ֪ŵĴ㣬Ҳûа취ܹ⡣
ŶĿǰ˵̫ǿһЩ
һգ˲뿪طȥŻаȻǿ󣬵ȴ߱һ
а취ˣأƷ뵽һͷһ˲䣬ʧ˽֮С


2477 ѹ
Ʒٶȳֵʱ򣬾Ѿһ֮С
ս͵һſ۾ȴԼǰһӳһӰ
ʲôˣսضųƷ˵
㲻ҪôƷ˵
ǸսųƷʱ˾裬Ȼ֪ǳƷǾûʲôµˡ
ѵƷô±׷ɱô
Ʒһӣ
ȻӦ֪ǰĿˣս˵Сطʵǲʺһ׼ʴչȭŵĵطҲκǰ;ֻҪţܹõĽѣ
Ȼڸ֮УôƷ΢΢һЦֱӿ˵
սʱɫһӾǿмװЦ
ǣΪʲôϺúȥأս漴˦αƵЦݡ
ɢޣΪ˵ĳӣȻ˺ӵС㣬ǵĿۣһץŪǣ
ս΢΢һЦ˵
Ȼ׼ʣӵлʾܣƿ̫ˡ
£ͬ׼ʣûиҲԶ
ͬľ磬ĴУһԴü
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ɢ޺диŵ֮Ĳ࣡
ѹûƷȻгƷһ˳ǳʲô
ǳʲôֻһ׼ʾĲѣҲ׵һѶȡ
նɱǳֳƷжֻ˵ǳ̫ϲˡ
ҲԸֱִֶΣϾ׼Ҳһսء
ڱ趨Ϊ֮ǰܹΪٵ顣
Ͼǿͬţ׼ּսҲжپжٵġ
ȻƷѾ֪һ㣬Ҫһ㣬ôҲûжˡ
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֪ܣνܾǲ̨ܹ˵ܡ
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ڳƷˣǾҪٷɡ
Ȼˣȥˣ
սֱӳ֣޼ɵõı֪Ҳõǻᱻı˵ǶС˼ˡ
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սϵķûа취뿪Լ
ʱŷ֣Ѿ˳Ʒ֮УϢĽΧС
ǽΧ֮Уѡ
ֻ׼ϲ飡
ѵһϹսʱ֮֮ɫ
²ǰĻߵһˡ
Ͼʶ˲ԣΪ֣ƷķԶԶû׼ôֲ
򵥵˵ڵĳƷһӵ׼ϵļʶǰʵ޷ȫӵù̥
ѾܹӦһЩ׼زܹ飡
ǺεȿֲϹ
ȻܹϽԼȫѹסڸ΢չһ¶
ҲζţѾȫȫƷΧڱ˵ĵϡ
ųƷڴԶ֮ϣܳԽŵ
ǺεȿֲĴڣ
ɢ֮ӦòĹﰡһ㶼ֻдеŲſ֪ܶԶʵ
ڴĸǶ֪һɢ޶ڴĸʵ
ҲΪʲôЩɢ޵˺ڼûκΰ취ܹͻƵԭǶĻ֪ʵ̫Զˡ
ǿǹ֪Ļϣ֪Խ룬ҲԽ
ܹ׶ٵķסԼԼڵĶƷ֪ôﵽεȾ˵ĳ̶Ȳſԡ
㵽ôģˣɴǿԷģ
սһȷȻѹƣ־ȴޱȵǿ󣬾Ȼݻ֮䡣
ǿֲľ޴Ӱһȭһһ㳯ųƷķɨ˹
ȭͷ֮׷ױ飬γһɿһϯûһС
ƷֻЦһսһȭԼܳ
׼ʵһȭضܷ飬˵ֻǹܳСһˡ
һȭ·䵽һ֮ϱ˽һɢȥĿֲ򣬵һ˲±޸·ûбһ
һȭֻǼ򵥵ıһָ


2478 նս߼޻
Ʒֻһָ͵סսеĹ
һȭصĹֻǼ򵥵һָȫȫ赲
һĻ׵߸ս֪
ȻսƷܻøָķ赲һȭ
ҲûȻֻô򵥵һָѡ
ΪˣʵԴǿ
ȫ˵ҲԷӳһ˳ɵʵ
Զ˵ûоµģ˵ǿҲ֪顣
һȭֱʩչ׼ʷ֮Ҳ˿
ȴƳƷһָǺεȺ˵
˵ƷֱӦöըˡ
Ϊܹ֪ƷҲֻ˴
ȴܹ֮ϣ
ʲôЦ޵Уսŭһ쳹ȴûа취κ
Ʒ򳹵׷
޵ôƷЦһȷʵϹ䣬Ҳʮֲֿһ壬սսأɨ޵С
Ҫ˵޵УȴЩˡ
ֻ޵еˣû޵еѧͨ
֮ǰ˵ģΪʲô㲻ϰȥأ
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ҪôɫþˣǸܵġ
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ʲôЦ
սһϳŭ
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ͷݺֱ˳Ʒе򣬹ɱ˳Ʒǰ
ʱƷҲٶȳ֣һȭoԻһɿֲĹһСضھҵ𶯡
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ͷֱӺУ˲仯Ƭ
Ʒһȭ򱬣Ϊ׼ʷڳƷǰһ
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֮£ûֱӷɳƷһȭܽ
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Ϊʲôɱңһȭǿɱҵģ
սŭоԼһСһƷϷˣ
ƷһȭжôĿֲֻԼ˵׼أ׼ضҪһȭش
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ΪҪɱģң
Ʒ΢΢һЦһ֣мͶһаϢӰ
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źаּ̽ǧ꣬а̵սаˡ
ЩĴڣÿһʮֵͷۣҲ۷ǿ׼ʡ
а̵ģսһӦǳƷа̵Եס
ʲôԷϹʲôͻȻֵɢޡ
ԭа̵ģ
ԣ㲻а̵ģս̾ƷԼ֮ǰжϡ
Ϊа̵Ļ϶ұ¶
ƽʱ˫ȻĦȻ׼µĸ֣׼ʼĸ֣ȴֱӳֵġ
㶯֣Ҳᾡºۼ
˵ܹ׾ٵɱ£¶а̡
ûκ壡
ƷʲôʱаˣʩչааϢֱϯս
ɲǼ䣬սеϢѾ˸ɸɾ
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ƷһᣬʱаͱƷսɽͼ֮С
֮ǰ˸аûֱɱƷЦһ
а䵽ƣĿܣΪоаڵܣδȥԿĻ֡
ֻû뵽ﻹó
аа֮еĸ֣ͨжɵģֶͨܵνƶɵġ
Ҫðûа취гƷֶΣץסΪá
£а̺ţӦþͻһӿɿˣͲὫעתƵҵˣƷЦЦ
漴Ӱʧڴ֮У漴ͳڱչص֮С
ҲûȥԿֻǸԿһϢԼȥȥˡ
֮һ˵Ϣд
ŵ̫ϳսǣֵ˿а̡


2479 а̿ս
Ϣոմǣʮǳضһӷˡ
а̣ţһƬ֮ϵȻ
ƽʱһƬ֮ж໥ƣҲһѡƽĵط
ȻȴսŸ߲ǣаС
Ϊ˵飬֮кܿͷֳһƴĶ飬еս
սסĴ֮УԿ鹧ĿǰǰһȺŵĸ֣Ҳĸ֣Կ۷ĸֻһȺ
Ϊ׵һ׼Ϊ̫ϳϡ
ͨ죡
һȺųϺ̫ϳϸûںһԵԿʼսʬס
ȷʵааһеַģ²
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Ҳ׷׵ͷа֮в˶аа˵ߣ˵ĳһرĴڡ
аеĳһطƶɵ
кܶصûа취ģµġ
źа̽ô꣬Ȼ϶൱˽⡣
аǱطƶɵģҲʲôѵĿԣһκαѵͷͻ˲Ա
һЩаҲ£̫š
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Ȼ벻ͨаôĿģֿԶָа̣ųвܵ飬ʣµ鼴β˼飬Ҳʵ
аʲôĿģ¶ˣڿȷսаƾһ㣬а̾Ҫһ
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ڷһս֮սˣȴʧˡ
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»ǣʵҲ˳Ϊ֮ѡ
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أͨǰһһͨһ£Ҫȥ׼սˣղѾʾ׻ʣ׻ײ֮ݹˣɱսȷʵĳһͷа׼ȷ󣡡
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ųΪǿᣬųƶս֮⣬һײ֮ν졣
֮Уܹ֮Ტ۵Ĵڡ
׻ײ֣ڳ˯֮Уֻһ˿ԪҲ˵һʧʧܡ
£а̲ܸһĽ͵Ļ˫Ĵսⲻá
˵а̺֯Զ⣬ߣԲǳɹֱһ磬ʵͨһ
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ͨ漴һŵĸֻռ䣬Ծ뿪
ͨ뿪Ҳ˱ս״̬ааɱ̫ϳϵϢڵõȷϡ
Ÿֱǰаʡ
ʲôûаȻʸڷϣϳйϵ
¸ŭ𽻼ӣ϶аǹ
һʱ䣬ڵǲ˫Ľ紦Ħʼ
սһ


2480 
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ĸԭû֪ΨгƷ֪
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ɽͼĿռڣƷ°͡
ô׾ʹô
Ʒ°ͣа̺űлҪҪս
ճƷĹƣɱս֮а̺ŷһЩսһЩĦ
Ȼתһ¹עԼϵע
Ҳû뵽ȻȻôֱӱ˴ս
Ʒһս֮ӰôΨһĿԣ˫ʵѾĦ˱һ̵ĳ̶ˡ
Ʒնɱս飬ܾܿΪһ
ƷҲõԿĴ飬ֱš
ܾĻƷһ֮ҲĿˡ
Ȼŵ׷ɱ
ŰεƷͻĶӵľġ
ҲΪˣҲᶨ˳Ʒľġ
Բаڳ
Ʒ̾жϣаڳֵĻô롣
Ϊа̾Զǿգݵ˵γɾ޴в
뵽ƷѾ⡣
ȻҪңҾˣ
ãŵ飡
Ʒ۾뵽
֪϶ǲġ
֮ǰſ϶Ҫа̺ſս
֮ʣ׼ʼĸֿɲҵģ
ոͨԿõһ˵Ϣа׼ԶǿգȻƷûʮʮİգԤУ϶ǳȥġ
аݶĲֱƷһ
ǲǰаֱƷնɱ
а̿϶ưոݣ
ȻＴսҲûдһ֧Զ
Ȼа˵ּĴսԶҡа̵ĸ
ֻҪа̵аʻһ죬ôа̵ĸ̩ɽ
ƷҪаҵ
ڵĵطͬ㣬ֱڹŽ֮С
෴ģһС֮УΪ׽硣
鲼˸ָ󷨵磬ŵĴӪ
ո̤׽磬Ʒʱ͸оһǿѹѹ
ⲢģвˣĲ׷߶ܵǿҵų⣬ǻᱻѹ
Ϊܹﵽ׻ʣԽ׻ʵĳ̶ȣп׽ѹơ
ҲĴӪŻҲıûжˡ
Ʒ޾Ŵ׽ȻԶֶȥһڴ֮ʧ
ŵĿֲʵƷŶ̾Ϊֹ
ΪϹʱӵлȻӵеʵԶԶܹļޡ
Ĺûκο֧
һϹʱʼͲϷչǺεȿ£ǳƷܹ֪Ĳ֣Ѿоʮˡ
ƷɫֻǸ׽ŵ
˿ȥͬһպһ㡣
ƶĸߴԻ˾˵ķ࣬ɸߣ
ųƷ۾зӿ
֣ԼȻе㿴ƷţŵײҲ㲻ʲô
˵ƷϿʲôķҲ㲻
ʱյΪʲôù˵ƷϵķƷ൱ĸߡ
ƷҲֻһɢ޶ѣҲ֪ǶǰϹŶԷ⵽ڣҲû̫ϡ
ϣԽԽã˵ϣмԺᲢ۵
Ұɢ˳Ʒ
Ʒ˵
񣡡ɫ˵
ӽ쿪ʼҲһˣҴƸϵŵĿ䣬λͬϣ
˵
ֻҪΪ㹻Ĺͣй֮ˣҲóû³
Ʒ˵ͷϲɫȴֻЦµĹԽ󣬵ʱֻľԽҰɡ
ǲܷɳģȵûüֵʱ򣬿µһҪֵľˡ
ţƷҳţδ³ߴ֮ȴҪп֮λҾЩвھһǰ֪ûȤ


2481 ǴԼϣһϣ
ޣʲô᣿ЦЦĿųƷ
˵а̴ǲԶԶǿ֮һ磬а̵óѵĻа̵ʵһвСʱѰˣ罫һ֧ˣΣƷ˵
룬ʵûнһ֧а̵Ĵ
Ȼһ֧ģСһ˵֮֡
Ƕ˵ȴʲô¡
㱻аǸ磬ʵҲδ飬ˣҲа̵ʵѹš
ʲô£벻ȴķ֮ڡ
аٴսҲһ֧ջΪ˫ûһ¡
Ʒ˵ҲһܺõĻᡣ
Է⵽ʱܵŵ룬ΪŵĿ䣬ν޹»ҿ԰Ÿһ֧а̵ĴԱŶҵ룡Ʒ٩٩̸
ڳƷĻ濼ûʲôɡ
Ȼŵĵ֮УûҵƷļ¼
һ˵֪Ʒ
Ͼʱ֮ÿһʱ䣬档
ſǴӹŽ翪ʼ֮ʱڹŽ类ȶס֮ǰѾˡ
ڵʷ֪꣬Ž緶Χֹ׼ʼĸ֣¼ĿԺС
ǳƷֵͻȻ˲²⣬пڹŽ֮ǰ
Ҳ˵˴ϹԷ⵽ڡ
ƷҪŵ뷨ҲûʲôֵģôԶĹȥԷ⵽ڣĿס
һ׼Ҫһɽ
Ƶ뷨ҲֹһЩ˷ȴҲǻĴңֻǲΪЧԲŻᱻŲ
Ϊɢʵ̫ˣѰ޷ΪǾ϶ѣʸûС
Ҳʹ࣬Ϊֲʹࡣ
ĵʲôﲻΨһĹޡ
׼ʲʹĿʼ
Ϊʶ컨Ĵڣȴûа취컨塣
Ψһİ취
˼ˣҲɡ
Ȼһ֧Ǻ⣬ܹĻʣҲǼõġ
ܺãƷΪЧǳãֻҪģ׻ָУ˵ͷ¶ΪʮֺЦݡ
Щ׼˵ȻûʲôȻߵָҪˡ
һǳƷҪġ
ҾͶлˣƷҲװϲ˵
һ׼˵ȷʵΪڴġ
ڳƷ˵Ǿһˣûʲôڴ
Ͼ֯һ֧֧䣬һҪа̵Զ
һ֧Ծ˵ٶȾۼһһ֧֮еľ
һ֧ۼһΪ׵ĸм׼ʼĸ֡
໥һۣЩףսǰЩǾ֣ôᱻߡ
Ǽ׼ʼĸָӲǣǾȻ֪һΣ񣬶ǵ죬Ȼһ½ŵɢ޿䣿
ǾͶɢûʲôøУǿɢޣͷȻΪһɢͳ졣
иǲ벻⡣
ܿ죬ǵĿ䵽˸ĳƷϡ
Ǹɢޣʱһģᣬΰ׼ǰ
ǳƷǺˣƷһɨȥ
׿׼ʵ
ƷʱȻѾ׿Ǻη
ǵʱʶԿΪѼа̺ŵϡ
ЩҲһֱѼⷽ鱨ϾеĴڹϵǵ
̫ϸĶȻǵòģһЩȴǿһ
˫׼ʼĸ֣лġ
׿֮½ţν֮ӣеڣǧѾ׼ʼĸ֡
Ϊһѡ
ŵƶȣֻҪ㹻ǿļ̳ˣٶȽŵĽȥ
ԭ㣬˵㣬ųŽľţ֪ʲôôƷ˵
Ҿǲ㣬ʲôһĿ䳤ϣȻ쵼ǣҲ֪ʲôģҿɲϿɣ
׿ҡҡͷ˵
׼Ȼδڣе뷨Ҳࡣ
һĿ䳤ϣȻҪΪ£ֱˡ
ԭˣ
Ʒ˵ͷȻˣһǲˣֱӳְɣǴԼϣһϣ


2482 ִԶ
ƷЦӯӯĿЩŵ׼ʣɢ׼ʵȻҵЩͳŵ׼ʣϾԺҪַԣַˣǻᱻСЬġ
ƷɲںЩѹûдų
ֻҪŵֲаԶǿյĲӣͿˣ
Ŀ꣡
ڻ֮гɳ
Ŀ꣡
׼ȻҪʵֵĻǲ̫Զˣ
ڳƷȱĻʱ䣬ֻҪ㹻ʱ䣬ԼʱͻƵ׼Ҳûġ
һһ֣
ôĵӣ
׿ʱŭƷʵЩ͸ŵ׷ȻԶʤɢ޵ķš
㾳粻磬սҲδػĶȥ
׿ֳ˫ųƷݺն
䣡
ͷ˲񷣬׼ʵһֻǼ򵥵ıĹҲĪܡ
ҲŵսַʲôͨʲôƾͿԺ¡
ǵǿ̣
Ĺ䵽˳ƷϣȴûƿƷķ硣
Ʒֻһ֣׿͵˳ȥػֳƷķҲûӿ׿֮С
ۣ
׿Ѫݺݱײ˵ϡ
Ҫȴһֻ޴ޱȵĴŴֱ䵽ϣݺݽش
һŲȷڵأ
ƷһֻŲ׿һ߿׼ʣ˭ôǴһһϣһϣ
Щ׼໥һֺۣޡ
ƽʱǿͳɱȥˣﻹ˼ɡ
ʵǱƷֵƸŵˡֻһ֣׿ͱɳȥش
սǿֱɲ⡣
ʱ˶һĽ˶׷ͯյߡ
ߴһĳۣǺһ˲ͬǣֻ֡
ÿһֻ϶űƾ죬׿֪Ҫǿ϶١
׼أ
Ҳһ׼ؼĸ֣ͬʱҲЩ׼֮еٮٮߡ
Ϊˣ˶Ŀ⿴
ôͯĸаɣȻ׿㲻Ҫˣ׷Уֻͨѣŵ׼ʿ˵
Ʒ˵ͷ˵ȻģһûԴ󵽻ˣ׷Ҳش֮һֻ޵еˣû޵еķ
ãҾͲˣ
ͯһӭǣɲǼ䣬Ѿɵľˡ
ϱɽ⣬ֻԼԼĿĵһ˫ʮֵˡ
䣡
ֻɲǼ䣬Ȼʩչǧֱ仯ĹĻųƷķѹ˹
ϿֲĹѪͬһƬѪһϯ
Ʒʱˣһ׼صĸ֣޾Ҳ׿ǰ㣬һܽԷɳȥ
ͬʱһȭԷǧ仯ԡ
ԼƷԵ棡
ֻǼһȭĺΪ˰oӭϡ
¡
˫ݺײһֲȭɨֱ֮ӽĹâɢ
ûиĻڣֻһȭѣ
ʤѷ֣
ͯƺһ˵˳ȥϿѪòײסΡ
ûиһĳֻ֣ǿųƷ˺һ˵лˣεĴͷûϷſ׿ŵϲô裡
ͯĻһ׼ҲûзԣΪҲ֮ǿͯҲסƷһȭѾˡ
ǻʲô˵ġ
һѾ޷ͳƷ棬պȴǿԺͳƷƽϵġ
ȻûĻǾƷ漴ſ˽µ׿
׿ܵһߣޱȵ
ԴûгԹôĿοԷֻһɢ޶ѣܴ衣
֪ϳƷûκʤ㣬ֻʱͣѹơ
ŰɣҪҵȵûüֵһҪɱ㣡׿Į뵽֪ŶЩɢ޵̬ȣֻҪûüֵʵߵһĳ̶ȣͻᱻһвŵͳΡ
ڳƷһ£̣ܿŹŽΧǿնȥ
ƷҲͳܳʱ䣬ЩȻİ
ϰžһŵĸĴ֮£ܿͽ˹ŽϷ޾ǿ֮С
ܿ죬ʧ޾ǿ֮С
һ֮а׼ʱĴҲ̣ǿչ·ȥ
һ紦֮ʱأһ޴ޱȵĴǵܡ
ˣ
а̾ŵ֮˶ʱһ䡣
ʮ󣡡


2483 ¾
а̵ĴǸ޴ĴԼʮɸߵĽ˽ǰΧ
̾ϳˣŵʮ
ǺҲ϶ˣȻ֪ŵʮͷ
˵֮һ󷨡
Ҳ¼֮һ
ֻҪ֮ʮ˾ͿԲóսܹžӵʵ
ֻǹģͬʵͬóʮҲȫͬġ
ǰʮȻģҲǼġ
а󣡡а̵ĴУϾǿߺ
аӦŵʮҲаҲһּΪ˵õ󷨡
ȻʮּϹʱڣһ˵ǸûпɱԵġ
ܹĻҲ˿ûдҪĺõĶˡ
ûдֻƾŴΧˣа֮ȴʱ䣬ϱ
ӵа̵Ԯǰ
Ӹ߿ϸ߸߿ȥԿ˫ݺײһͬ޴Ѫĥϵɱÿһÿһ룬ľʿ޴Ѫĥѹɱ
ʱƣԽԽĸּս֣׼Ȼߣ֮׼ʼĸֶս֮С
Ʒһֱŵս֮Уûг֡
ŵĸּսսа̵ĸ֡
֮ǰƷܵ׿ʱҲǴɱķвһ¾а̵ĸ֡
֮ǰƷָ֮ͻˣʵ̫ˣΪƷʵ̫Զ
˫ܿ˲أа̣ŵʵ࣬ܵ˵ŵʵռϷ硣
ϾаֻΪԶһĵͼ磬רΪ˷ɱǶ
һʼĿ겻ͬ³ľӹģͬ
ˣҪ뽫а̻Ҳǧѵģ
żʮûܹ׵Ļа̵а
ƷԱ߿һֻһսĻƷҲνһЩźа̵ʵ
ǹҧ
ڲͬƷûʱȥĻò˶ãа̵ĵϢԮӦÿ쵽ˡ
ϲȥˣʱ˽ˣ
ƷһЦһΣǰռ䱻˺˿
һ˲䣬ƷѾɱս֮С
䣡
Ʒֱײа֮ϣֲĳаһ޴ޱȵĴ󶴡
ƷֱɱУһ֮һڳֱһɨ˳
˲ͻǧɵľ޽
޽ɨսߵа̵ľӱն
Ʒһ֮ûκԥֱ׷һͷں׿սа
һͷа׼һ۷ΪһֻѾ׼ʶء
׿ȴԷѷ֣
Լ׿Ǳȷʵʮ˵ã
ͣ
׿ȫעǰһͷаսȴû뵽һ˵Ľâаڽ֯УȨ
ᣬսеаһ
ֻǼ򵥵һѣûж໨ڵĶ򵥵˼£ȴһ֣µС
һ̣ͷӦ˹ǳƷˣֻǼ򵥵һѣѾնɱоʮѲĶ֡
ʣǿߣ
֮ǰƷԸʱȷʵѾˡ
ƷҲ׿ʲôһһͷа֮ϾͿʼа̵ĸ֡
а֮е׼ʸ֣аռ˴Ҳеа̵ĸֶа
Щսʮֵս
Ȼʵ߱ѹƵĳƷǰκô
һ·ѹֱɱаһ֧ͳ˧ǰ
ųƷһ·ɱ䣬а̵ͳ˧˫Ѿͨˡ
ֻһսа̵ʧʵ̫̫ˡ
𣡡
һͷаһֱӺ俪ˣսͯųƷ˹
Ʒܣ־һȭ
һȭֱͬ±ˮ㶹һƿа
ǲǿʵǿƿǷ·˷˹һ׾ٵľƿаķһٺа
Ȼˣ
ƷЦеа񲻹ʵεĵǱ϶һģ̳ġ
Ѿа񳹳׵о͸˵ĳƷ׾ٵľҵа㣬ƿ򣬸Ѷȡ
һͷа񵱳ؿڣҽһֱӷɳ
ؿڶһѪٵš
Ʒһ˸ֱ׷ȥһ׻Ȫ̤ɴһͷа
׼ʱ¾£а̴Ҳһ˵ٶڱ¾
Щ׼ʼĸ֣׷׳֡


2484 ջ׼
֮кܶ׷ҲҪþѪģڶЩ׼ʼĸ˵ʣµʮа̵а񣬵ھ·ߵĴײһ㣬ֱӸߡ
Ȼǻȷ˳Ʒû˼֮ж
ϾݣԼȳƷҪ߹󣬵ҲôҪ
Ͼôô˳һ֧а̵Զ׻ǳƷ˾Եá
ȻƷҲûջЩնɱ׼ʼа̵ĸֺа񣬾ͳͳ˳ƷС
ι
ܿ죬սͻΪһƬ޵Ŵչ˲пɱ¾˶һȻģ컻ŴսܣֻҲòĶȥ
ʱ֮а̵֧ԮԮ٣ȻȲһ֧Զ
ǺӶΪһƬսֻȴû˿ĹѪ棬ΪеĹѪˣΪ׷ƾ̡
׽ˬʵЦţɵĺܺãƷ׻ʱ¶úã
Ʒ֣Ÿ߸ϣͬһЩ֡
׻Ҳ֪Ϣô
һ˵ЩӦöǳڳ˯״̬ţв˸Դе棬Ļ϶ѡ
֮д󲿷ֵ飬ӦŶԡ
óƷܵеһ˿ƽϲɫڵֻԾౡ֮ѣ
ε飬׻ʱ¶ע㣬ǶĽ
һָʱһɾľԴ֮˳Ʒڡ
þľ֮
Ʒ̸֪һӴӿԼ֮Уÿһ磬ÿһϸڱǿ
֮УľıԴһľԴ֮ľıԴ֮
Ʒӵʵļ֪֮еıԴ֮Ƿǳѵõġ
ԳƷڵʵԺɵĴ֮֮Ҫ֮֮Դ֮Ǹ붼룬ܵġ
ֻе˻߾磬ڷ򶴲쵽һ־˵ĵزһĿܣ֮вϵɱԴ֮
ߵУϾǱԴ֮У
䣡
ƷϣһӴϢһӷӿÿһë֮вϵӿƷľһӾʹԭ׼죬ͻƵ׼ء
ƷֻоԼ֮еÿһϸھһɱ䣬һַ츲صı仯
һʵɱ䣬Ʒ֮еÿһϸǶ˲֪ޣƴЩľԴ֮˲Ϊٶһ㡣
һĻǰɵ־ȵ飬Ҳû뵽ƷȻյô졣
ֻһСŵľԴ֮ʵֱ̺֮󣬼Ѿﵽ׼صǿ߶Ҫɺһʱܹɡ
֮ǿһЩȴܸ޷ͻơ
Ϊе׼ʾ֮󣬾ٶȿǶ֪ڴĸ
ڴĸԽٶԽ졣
ǿ˶ڴĸ֮ϣŵԴԴɽѵ׼ʾ졣
ĹżϹʱ֮УЩ߸ûʲô׼ôһ˵ΪǶڴĸﵽһּΪ˵ĵز
ͻͽڶ̶꣬ʮ֮ڣе˻ߵľ硣
ӳƷ׾ٵľԴ֮֮ɱ䵽׼죬û˿ӡ
ͲѲ²ƷڴĸԶԶ֮ǰֳ׼أֻܲ׼ء
ͺԷϹƥˡ
ҲЩԷϹܳ
Ƭ֮󣬳ƷеϢ漴ڵлл׻ʱ£
Ʒֳһмӣ·֮УΪѰʵ
˵ͷƷģӦġ
ֻҪúΪЧľԴ֮ʲô
˵ȷʵûнһľԴ֮Դ޾˵ľԴ֮ȻȴҲȫ
л
Ʒֵ
뿪׽֮󣬳Ʒûþֽյ١
ų׺аȫ濪սˡ
һӴ˼˵Ľ࣬˶ɵˡ
źаһβͬǰ㣬ֻǼ򵥵Ħ
飬Žʷϲ
ȫ濪սȴ˶δ뵽ġ
ҵĴսһͳ˹ŽȻײÿһ춼䡣
ÿһʱͻ׼ս֮ϡ


2485 ꣬׼
Ȼȫ濪սŽ硣
գۼ䣬Ѿȥʱ䡣
ʱ䣬ս鲼źа̿Ƶ
ܹ˺ѿռ˵ûʲôȫȹ̵Ĵ󷽡
һռԾͿԾԷƵȥ
ȻԼľӪ˵ѾһֵǷ켫ĵز
ȶռĽ󷨣Ҫ˺ѿռҲûôס
ôγɹԽԷһ㡣
Ҫս˫ԭܵĵشⱾ˫Ľս
׽֮Уһɽ֮пٳĶ츣֮УƷɽͼ֮С
ڱ۾УķԻγһƬСһ㡣
ʵʻˡ
ʱ䣬Ʒȫ׼صΪͬʱһͻƵ׼Ϊ
Ǿ׼أҲֻһ֮ңˡ
ֻʱ䣬ٽһ˳Ʒ츳֮⣬ԭ򣬵Ȼ಻ϵսˡ
֮󣬽ɺаȫ濪սƷҲ˷ḻսľ顣
ΪǵϵԱƷǱųڵһߣü·׼ʰΧǶǼҳ㷹
ʱ֮УսƷʮˣ׼֮ս˵ƵѾǷǳˡ
üΣƷ˶Է׼صĿֲڵע⣬׼ΧˣƷˡ
ɽͼߣ롣
Ҳһ֮´󹦵ŽΪһﵽ׼ء
һչأǽΪƽ׼۷塣
أ洫һ
һŸָ߲
Ʒܿͷ˼Ÿ߲׼֯һͻϮͻϮа̵Ĵ󷽣һǳ֮Уӵа̶ڻĴսʡ
ҪЩսʴݻ٣
󷽵ôƷ°ͣȻ󿪿˵Ÿ߲ȻѾʧȥеģҪȥˣ
Ʒһ£̾ŵ˼Ҫֽа̵ˡ
Ҳһа̵ʵ
ݳƷ⼸Ĺ۲죬֮еĶսĿ䣬Լĵϵ
Ĵž׼أأڸһﵽ׼صĶ֣ƷһƳģԼ˲š
֮Ӧǣа̵Ķֲа񣬾аԼĶ֡
һ޶
ƷΧ̶ܹܴҲΪа˽Ĵﵽ˵Ƿ켫ĳ̶ȡ
㾳ԶԶȵʱĳƷҪߣҲҪϳԸ
˵ɢ֮вûоš
ɢ޺иде֮Ĳ̶ܴ࣬ϲϵĲ࣬ɢ֮Ҳоž֮ǵĲ̶ܴڴкԴϵĲࡣ
׼ʵɢ޶ɢ֮еٮٮߣʲЩдеҪֻʵĻδرϹʱҪ
Ȼô׼ɢоȻûһԽ׼޵Ĵڡ
ȻпΪƷʱ̣ܶûпϾ׼ϵĸֶƴУͻơ
ֻһ֮ң˭Ϸϣ
˫˹ӣ׼ϵľҲֹһγսϡ
£źа֮׼ϵĿ䳤ϣֻѾɵǰȥڻˡ
õϵȥƴÿƽ
ԳƷҲѲ²⣬֮Уû׼ϵĿ䳤ϡ
ϸ룬ƷҲѾﵽһ׼ˡ
Ȼԭõ˳ֵĹҲѾҪĶˡ
ͻϮа̵Ĵ󷽣˵ûκʤ㣬Ҳʤʣʣٷ֮ʮ
ƷҲûбѡоһǿľϷɨӣѲΣƷܾĻʣЩǿ˾ͻֱͻɱ֡
ƷҲûʲôµģΪΪҲѾ׼ʱ䡣
Ȼ֪Ų⣬Ż̫Сˣȥǲܡ
ƷԼĵطʱ򣬷ڳĲֹһʮˡ
׼ȷ˵֮⣬ÿһɢǿ߻϶Լĵϵ
һҲһͬˡ
ԭӦڳƷĵϵǣѾһǰս֮ба̹ˣԴˣĴа
ƷԮаһ¶ģǵϦƣûκѶȡ
һΣеǿɫʮֵѿȻҲ֪һεͻϮʤʼûУȫû
Ȼȴò


2486 ͻϮɹ
˵ʤʵ⣬׼ȷ˵ʵ⣡
ͻϮжУǼûκĿԣ
ҲĻȥĻʤʣ
û뵽ǣһοжȻвֹһλ֮е׼Գ֡
гʮλ׼ʵһСӡ
εͻϮòᡭƷ۾Щһӵ׼ʣƷܵľʶˣһεж̫ԡ
Ʒ̾һЩȫˣܶǹֻһơ
ܶϢҲֻ֪һЩСϢ
ҪϢǲ͸¶ġ
ǿ߾ۼֳһƬž˶ԡ
ֻһ񲨶û˿ڣԾ񲨶
ȻԳƷΪЩ񲨶ֱڳƷǰ˵ûʲôֱ
˶ʮֵһε
أһ󲨶֮˵ǰ

˵ͷһεж˵ǳҪҲǺòײ׼˶Է꣬ǵֻһݻǿĵһǳأǵĲ㣡нɻʣͳͳϽɣ
Ļƽʱ϶˶ܼȻڣ˶һĮܹǸ㣬ʣܹо޴ջ񣬵Ҳȥſ԰
Ʒ°ͣһжĿģ֪ǲֻǼ򵥵ȥ
һ̫ˣҲûκ塣
һֱЩɢ޵׼أΪﾡô
ֻҪֱӰƷûʲôµġ
ҲûȤЩ˶˵ʲôΧһȺ۷ʦʼܹ󷨡
ģһռ䴫˵ǰԼԼܹһߣһаĳǳء
򶼱Ťа
֮ͬУ졣
˽˴ֻ֮оǰһȻһɿֲѹҪ˺ѡ
а̵аųǣͨͽȥ
а֮в˲Ľ磬ϵĹаеڣ˿׵ͻơ
׼Ƿ׷γɽ磬£Ʒͼ򵥶ˣԼһˣҲûʲôҪġ
Ƭ֮ǰٶһֱӳа֮С
ƷʱоˣһƬضԼų⣬ԶԶ׽Լų⡣
׽ȻԷ˶һ̶ȵų⣬˵ûôء
а֮Уųваߡ
ͷ·һ̱ͨѹһصһ㣬˵ΪһӾͱѹ˺ܶࡣ
£˷׷תԼķаӰ죬׼ʼĴڣؼķ֪ﵽһ־˵ĵزܿתԼķ򣬵ֿסаķѹơ
ƷҲ˲˹
ֻǺһ˲ͬǣԼķа֮еķ򣬶Ϊһ塣
ֵɢһаס
˲䣬͸оаԼѹƣ෴ģһˮ齻ڵĸо
ģаа۳ġ
аѾо͸͸İ֮£аеİԺ
׵ĽԼķתΪааͬһԴܵκų⡣
ʱע⿴ƷĻܹϿƷ
ʱûںƷôǿܻܲȥǵ֮
ȫ֣Ƴǳأ
һλ׼ʵһ֮£˶ʼ׷׶֣ǰĳǳس֡
¡¡
ɲǼ֮һǳصϷðһ޴޵ĢƣûһУҲһС
һǳȻҲŲĽ磬Ȼûκãڶλ׼ʵĹ֮£֮ͱˡ
ӿ롣
Ʒرעһ£һ׼γɵСٿЩ˹˳ǳ֮󣬾Ͳͣ׷׳Զݹȥ
ƺбĿģ
ƷˣŸǣǵնֻϣܹа֮аĿ⣬Ϊһ֧ŵ׼Сȡ㹻ʱ䡣
׼ҲɵϣɲǼ䣬Ҳһ㣬ȫò˶ã춯ͻа̵Χˡ
ĻϾͻᱻΧˣ
ߣ
˼Ͼ˾ڹа̵һõĳǳ֮ϾתŴԶӴܶȥ
Ƭ֮󣬾ֻʣ˳ƷһˣѾɱ¾һյĳǳء


2487 󷢺ƣ׼ͻ
ǳ֮еа̵ĸѾɱ˸⣬Ȼһ׼򣬵һȺ׼ʣа̵׼ʺʣȻˣûüܣͱֱӺɱ
һа̵ľ񲿶Ҳͬ³ͳͳɱ˸ɸɾ
Ǵڳеһ⣬ҲֻһС뱻ֱߡ
Ща׼Ҳɵ˭ҲԸ
Ʒȴûô뷨ǰһһֱֻ֣ӽһĽƣȻеø׼սĴԴͳͳץС
ò˵а̵ĵȷʵʮ־ˣԶܹᲢ۵ģֻǳ֮׼µĸսʣͿԺݴĻʳĹᲢˡ
ǼƷʯƷʹָ֮࣬ĵҩָõĵҩԼֱ׵ȵȡ
һԾ͸ƷӶ˸⡣
ԳƷٶȣһߴЩ⣬һӶĲƸһʱʱ䡣
ҪǣƷзʮԪ
Ԫֻ׼ϼǿ߲ܹƳģԪǸؼ䷨ģֱӴؼĵҩ
˵ǽɵҩ
ֵҩģǱˣǵʣ
Ϊ˵زһ֪˵Ǵﵽ˾˵ĵز
Ѿ֪ˣʲôĵر϶ΪմȾ֮Դݻɵġ
ԽһֱӴؼȡԼҪƳɵ
Ͼ׼ʼĸ˵ǼƷʯ̺֮Ҳ̫ˣҪһᴿ
ͨԪȴֱգյ̺һ˿˿طرԴ֮
Ȼ׼Ͼƣһ˵ƵĳɹʲǺܸߣֻʲܹơ
ڳƷ˵ȴʲô̫⣬ŵʼֻҪƵͿ׾ٵĴԪ
Ǹʱ򣬲һƸƣָԴЩԴһȻС
ԴʯҲ򲻵ġ
ֻԪԪʱ֮гȡ޾Դ
ֶֻΣƷ߱˲κԼһ˳ɻʵĿԡ
ҲǵĵˣҪô߹أҪôǿ󣬸иԵ֮
ǵʲͬʵļͨ˼ңǵ֮ʢļ塣
Ǻ̫Զˡ
е˺ڣƾһ֮ɹﵽ˻ʾԪͷ׾ݵ±зĵҩ
ˣʳװԴϵţΪֱ죬֤Ϊֱɨƽһеϰ
ڳƷԴӶһ֮ûжãԶһ˵ϢѸײڶ֮ƿ
Ʒ֪а̵ĸǵõϢ׷׸
㱻ŵĸȫնɱϢ͸¶ȥа̻ڶ̶ʱھѾıʡ
ƷһΣѾʧԭأɽͼĿռ֮С
䣡
䣡
䣡
ɽͼУƷɸоõһǿаϢǵأǳء
Ща̵ĸֿĲҿ֮ʱ׷׷˷ŭ
׷ԲЩ˲񣡡
һ֮еа
׼أ
ƷڰУܵаϢ
ֲϢ춯ء
Ϣϵǳ֮ɨգɨ֮еÿһռ䡣
üζɨɽͼ֮ϣûɨʲô
ųƷΪľɽͼҲĵӦ֡
ΪҪǿ׼ʣҲ뷢ɽͼ֮еĳƷ˻ʾĸ֡
пܷڿռз֮еĳƷ
ƷʱҲǸа񣬵ʼȽͻơ
Ѿ׼ЩʱˣóѹεһԪֱһͻƵ졣
׼׼죬ȫ
׼ǵѾƽһĸ֡
Ʒ£ı˳򣬶һ˲䣬ȫԻ˳ΪһС͵ء
ͬʱһӶڼƷʯֱӿ˱ҩɽ֮Уҩɽ֮еƷҩģ̵ʱڳ졣
ԪҲڳƷĿ֮£Ϊ˿˿Ĺâ˳Ʒڡ
䣡
Ʒоÿһϸϴ裬ڸߵȼԪϴ֮£оڷɱ䡣


2488 ׼
һһ㣬Ʒ֮ÿһϸɱ䣬õϴӡ
ǿϹ룬оԼ֮ǿڷڡ
Ʒ֮УÿһϸڷڣͬؼķһӿƷ֮С
ٽɱ䡣
Ҳ֪ȥ˶ãƷ۾ϵϢһȫµĲΡ
ķһɡ
ԭ׼ȣƷĹһϣսҲǺü
׼ʾ죬ÿһı仯֮ͬһ
ֻǴ۷ͻƵʾһ̡
ǰûν׼ʾ˵ֱǴ۷ͻƵʾġ
֪ʾжôĿֲ
׼۷˵ѾʮֿɲǸɶԿĿֲڡ
ڻʾĸֵǰûκεֿ֮
ԽȥûԽȥ֮𣬲ͬն
Ʒ֮ǿ
ȻǱˮֻ֮йŽ֮Уܹ㹻Ŀռͻƣ
֮ǰ֮УƷȫȫѹ׼أûа취һͻơ
ǵ˹Ž֮ûͿͻƵ׼졣
ǻͬҪ
ƷһѾɽͼ棬ʱЩ֧Ԯа̵ĸѾ׷뿪ˣǰаȥ׷ɱЩͻŵĸ֡



һ޴쳹а硣
һ޴ջ۲ɼ
ǽԱƷֱܷа̵һЩֶεģ⼸ս֮УҲǼʶˡ
ѵŵһ֧Сˣ
һ֧Сӣ׼ɵСҲа̽ų
أռһҵĲһӰ˳
Ȼûߣ
һޱȵƷʱоһֱӽԼֽУ˲Լ뿪Ŀռ䡣
֮Уһа˳ŹŹֵģ´żΪֲϢĽڳƷϡ
˳Ʒʱ¶˼̵ֲЦݡ
Ʒһа֪ԼĶ˲ӣˡ
漴ƷˣһаӦǲ²ûߣһֱš
ã
û뵽պÿ˳صĳƷ֣
ŵ飬ĺôĵӣȻҴаƻаЦһųƷͬڿһͷһ
а̽ٻǰϣ㲻ȥôƷ˿ţ˵
֮ǰһ׼ؿܻо޴вѾоʲôвˡ
аһж˵ѾʲôܣⱾǾ޴ơ
ΪǲһаҪĲȻں
ɱ㣬ȥϣҲü
аЦһ˵
ɱȥϣ
ƷЦΪʲôˣɱȥϣ·һ
Ʒа֪ʱ䲻ˣΪа̵ĵ֮С
սʱӵ̫ˣºܿͻа̵ָ֧Ԯʱ޾鷳
䣡
˵ʱʱ죬аϱǿϢһֻֻһɽһ㣬ųƷץѹûнƷҪһнơ
һ׵ļ˲񷣬ֱӺ䵽˳Ʒǰ
ƷʱˣӶԼȭͷ
һȭɫõȭȾƬ񷣬ոͻƣͱǰδеĿֲȭһȭֱӷͬɽһƣƺһѪ

аҽУһĽֱ۶һɿֲľ顣
ʱϿԼһֱۣһɾֱ۷塣
һ˲䣬һֱ³˳ģʱȴСƷˣһȭʵʵŵˡ
һȭȭĿֲòΪ֮Ŀ
׼أ
аʱŷ֣ԼڳƷʵĹ˴
ԭΪƷֻ׼أ˭뵽ƷȻӵ׼صʵ
ֲġ
һ׼صаҲ˵ɱңƾ㣿ƷĮ˵֮У֮ڳΪһƬ󣬽ӳĵĺƴ˵еһ㣬ѹʮۡ
Ʒ׾ٵƿаǿֲͬһ㳯аϯȥ
аʱ㤣ƷʵлҪǿƷһ˲ͷ˽
һȭضڶҡ޾ĽŴķϯȥ
һȭ䵽аϡ


2489 ɱ׼صа
һȭֱӺ䵽аؿڡ
ۣ
аѪˣҲû뵽ԼȻô׵ıˡ
ؿڱѿƷķؿŰ֮ڷӿЩķһ֡
˸ͣͬըըһ㣬ϵĺаؿڡ
񷶼Ҫըѿ
𣡡
аԼȻһûпϵһһشˡ
а·ӵǿаܡ
Ƭ֮Уеƶõ˻ָ
аֻƬ֮󣬻״̬Ѿָ۷壬ӻ֮оѵһħһ㡣
гһڳһڳնķڷڣױȣ죬ֻһͽаĿռ˺˿
Ʒֻ˫̯˫ͷž˵֮һһĳ֣ͨؼڵǿ
ɶа˽⣬а֮еų෴ģΪá
һɿֲڽӡų˺˵Ĺâӭһϡ
¡
Ĺâڷڣ֮ѤþҵĹâֲķĿ񳱳˷ϯȥ
Ѿﵽ׼ʾ֮еǿߵ׼صĽ
аû֣ǳȫһ£аȴû䵽ƷϣֲһĻ˵
ƷѪӿֱأһɳȥ
Ӿ˵һĻˣƷֱӳ֣һڳֱָ֮ȭȻһȭа
ۣ
аٶȱУаûκεãеİضƷаİضܹ赲סƷһȭ
аٶѪһΣԶԶ֮ǰӿֲʮһȭֱӽ
ؿڶһ󶴣׼ϵĿֲڣĻָʮֵľˣҲסֲֿһ
һȭֱӾʹֱӽش
˫սһӾͷֳʤԳƷа˽⣬ЩаǾȳƷҪߵĶ࣬ĻͬƷץסСһ
׾ٵľͻᱻܡ
Ʒٶȷ˽а񷢳ŭĵڰ֮סΣǲϵѪ
аһɲǼ䣬ؼһжˡ
ͨ׾ٵĽƷס֮ͬУһ鷳
Ʒ˿ûη壬ֱһֻץɽӶȻ͵һӳаķȥ
أ
ɽӶа񣬾Ȼаҳ˻䣬
аļʼһһѿڴڵĿѪ
ںͳƷײ֮г˴Ѫͬһꡣ
֮ϣĿġ
ƾʲôȻôǿơ
ȻűƷشʲôԿ
ȻˣǾҪߣ
а֪Ʒȱľʱ䣬ΪֻҪȵʱ䵽ˣаа̵ĸַ׷׸ϵ֮󣬾ǳƷڡ
Ͼа֮УȻ֪ΪʲôƷаѹƣ֪һ㣬۳Ʒ²аѹƣֻҪȵԮˣֵƷˡ
ƷҲаĿģȻҪ
ȻöԷԸ
а¶ɲЦݣȻѾ¶˾ģʱҲûʲôԥģµѪʼȼ˹
Ǵ˵еĵ
ɲǼ䣬Ǵ𶯻һɿ񳱣ųƷķϯ˹
ƷҲһȭ֮ըѿ赲סһɴĺ
аû˿ͣЪϵȼԼ֮еѪ׼ȷ˵ȼԼϷ񷣬ҪֹƷĶ
ܾˣ˵һ٣һǧ飬ʱһãǳƷҲֱΪľ
ֻʱĻȴóƷомּ֡
ƷٶȳХһһȭٿգɲǼ䣬֮кǧٵ˵ȭЩȭ˴ĺͳͳ˰o
ǵضǰ˲Ӱֱӳаķϯȥ
а񷢳һҽУֵסôȭֶζƷ͸ˣ׾ٵľͿƽ⡣
ֻǼ򵥵һȭ֮󣬰ľǵصĹͳͳ֮
¡¡
аһ˲ܵĹ֧ķҲ֮
Ʒĺɢ񷶼ķѡ
Ʒһȭû֡
ʲôֶΣа񣬽㶼ɣ


2490 ȫսаʳ
аɢ֮еԪҲصĹ֮±ˡ
ըನ˷ͬХһɢȥ
ĵĳƷֶһɿ񳱳˷ɢȥ
һͷа
׼أһԼø޷ľ硣
ھȻ׾ٵˡ
ȻΪԷа񣬰ȫƷƿأס
Ҳ֤Ʒսȷʵʱ֮˷츲صı仯
ϰԪҲƷͳͳĵһɶ
ʯҲĵĲˡ
ͨȼһʯƷɽͼƿҲһ¥׼ȷ˵ɽͼӳȱ
Ʒţɽͼı֮£ĻҲѷټ
ԭɽͼƿػûôˣڻǰɽͼĿռ֮еĻһᱻֵġ
׼ʾľڶһʷֳƷĴڡ
ǳ׵׵ĨȥбֵĿԡ
ĿǰĳƷ˵ȫԵõ˴
ȻҪǵɽͼǳƷʵƷֻȼڼƷʯ֮ɹɽͼƿس̶һȫµĳ̶ȡ
ɽͼ֮бھ˳
ϾɽͼڶߵƤӵֱӽߵģûı£ܴߵΧ֮
ȻһսˣɽͼȴǾˣ󾭹صʱ֮˳ƷС
ĿǰĳƷ˵ҪҪа֮жͬаʵƤӵжʱܱ֡
Ȼһаа粻ųԼû˹ע¡
аʵע⣬ôʲôαװûãνаʵϾаʵֻҪаʴ״̬֮£Լﴳʲôˣǻһͷܹô

֮Уһ޴ڲͣĴԶԶĿһƻʣᴩа硣
а֮е׳ʲô飿
ƷüͷһأȻа֮ǳ˴ˣȻĻа֮вϵľӴ
أڳƷ˼ʱ֮ͻȻһֻ֣һֻֻһɽ俪һ޴ޱȵĿ
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񷶼һ޴ޱȵĿ޾аϯй©ȥ
ֱӿ޾֮С
а粢ȫڹŽ֮УǳڹŽͻ֮еС硣
ʱС类ƣ޾аγɿ񳱣ƶĿ֮зȥ
ȥ
Ʒʱ𾪵Ŀ֮ϵһֱֻ֣š
ʲôˣȻ׾ٵĹа硣
аʵ򰡣Ϊǿ˳ƷֵزҲֻܴһĿռ䣬һͻȫָˡ
˵Ʒ߱ƿа
ߣл߳ˣ
Ʒ̾ж˳϶л߳ˣлֹ߳а磬Żһƽаһ޴ޱȵĿն
óƷ뵽֮ǰĶһСӵŵ׼ʣ²ֻҪͻϮɧһа磬һа̵Ķ
дģ
ȫ濪սƷ֮־ɫΪ֪սزѾǲݵĳ̶ˡ
а̱۸ţа綼˸޴Ŀն
аҪ̾͹ˣѾ֮ˣ֮ЭΪ֮Ҫ㲻㡣
Ѿва̵ˡ
ȻŵΪѾԴˣŽǧĬʮֱ֮ӶԿ
ҲǷһЩСһЩ˵ս
Ȼ֪󾿾ǣʲôεԭ򣬲˫ԽݣڻˮĳƷ˵Խá
аĵʱֵ쾡¡
Ʒһ֧֧նһǿϢ۷壬׼ʣ׷֮ϡ
г׼ϵ׼еľ֣г
඼ǻϹȻոմԷ֮дҴҽ⣬ս֮С
ͬʱǸаϷľ޴©֮УĹâ֣һ֧֧ǿŴ©֮ϡ
ͬģ׼ʣ׼ϵĸ֣а˿ҪǿһЩ
аѾƴһŸ㳲
ǾȻһս
ʱѾû˹˵ȥѰƷˣ
أʱһŭа˳
׻ʣôң
һŭһǵصѹѹͬХһϯ˷
Ʒ˲͸ܵһǿѹҪǿԼ¡


2491 ı֣ĴΧ
ߣ
л߳ˣ
Ʒ̾ͷӦ˹
ǺƺƵа
һֵʱ򣬼а綼Ҫŷת
аˣҲаΪֹΪǿĴڡ
֮ϣһͬɽһߴӰӶ
һӰһа׼ȷ˵ϵаѾΪ˷ԶγһƬСء
ȫͬ
ֻǰ͵СأһӰΧСأȫˣǺ͹ŽһСء
ֻǼŽô߶ѡ
ǻߺ׼Ĳ׼ʵǿҲ򲻹ߡ
Ϊ߶Լ֮С
֮УΨһףеĹеһУƿ֮С
ܹ֮࿹ĻߣһһƬС֮УѰ·
˲ͱ
а׼ȷ˵ҲСġ
һģ
ĵĲ֣аԴһƬС磡
а¿аʶʱдϲΪǵӡУֻҪаʳ棬ôҲа취Խ
аʣ㲻а类õĻǾͳһս
֮ϣƶ֮⣬һ˵Į
ã׻ʣҿô꣬жٽа˿ľ޴˲Ϣ֮ʧԭأֱ뿪а硣
а뿪֮ҰĻʵѹҲɢȥƷڿһˡ
ֻԻʵѹƷѾֿĺˣֱ޷ҪֱаʵĻǶôµ顣
һʼûֱӶԸа̣ǽŵ
Ȼ֪ΪʲôôϵڳƷ˵ĺ¡
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ÿÿ룬дʬͬһ¡
ȻײĽزѾ֮ˣƴˡ
䣡
䣡
䣡
أʱؼִ˼죬ԭѾһ󶴵а磬ȻֱֱӴ󶴣֮зӵ
ЩȻŵĴȫͬ
ԼԼ֮䣬ƷоֵĻʵѹ
ǻʵֳˣ
Ʒ̾ж˳ʵϣҲôжϣΪааʵıԴ磬ܹаģҲֻл߼Ĵڡ
ƷʱһֹһʵֳˣԶԶֻ׻ʳˡ
λ߳ˣһһ߼Ļ߳֡
ʣʯʣ֮Ǻģ
֮Уаּ־ŭ
ȻӦ˳ƷĲ²⣬׻֮⣬߳ˡ
ʣʯʣ֮һš
׻ʺаһ㣬ͳŽ֮ĹŻʡ
ųʮߣǿʮ
ʮ֮УȻһ붼ǣ
ԭˣƷ˲ˣԭΪľ֣Ŷа̴֡
ǿЦʱΪǣҲһаŵ׼ʳϣôȻ󶯸ɸ굽˺ݡ
ǿЦ
׻ʣʣʯʣ֮ĴҪԸаʣνǴĻǡ
ֻǡˣպŪ飬Ŷа̷ѵĽڡ
֮ǰзֻΪаʵ񾭣ΪֻһСС֣ƷԴ֮һе顣
ߵȻҲ޵ģЩϹʱڴڣǹϢߣԷķš
ˣЩߵֻҲܳˣǴµĻЩߵв׽⣬
ڻνĴ£Ļ߳ˣĻӣǸ߲˹롣
ڻ˵ǶС£
а̵ȫˣԷа磬аͿԽֵǿд
ǻߣûд£
ӿͷڣ׻ʶûô棬ΪаʣаΪⲻֻС棬ͬСӹҼҰˡ
ڻ漰߲ĴսȷʵֻСӹҼҡ
ͬȺϴͷӣ˵Ҳνġ
ĿľΪ˽аôԹƷ׻ʵǺажԹһҪаʣݡ
ʣ׻ʣʣʯʣ֮⼸˰ֵĻôаʹƻһʱаӽ֮С


2492 ͻ߽аʵ
аıϾаݻһС硣
аʱԽаֱӴӹŽ֮аӽ֮С
Ǹʱ򣬾׷֮ˣ
ʮ֮Уʵûи֣֪֮УҲΪ겻ֱӶ֣֪
ǺʣаֻҪߵĻǻȫԵġ
а֮Уаļӳ֣ĴߵΧһʱҲа硣
Ƕʱ㹻аӽ֮ˡ
ȻĴ߾Ҫаֹıˣ
һû˸Ҳû˹˼ɵĻߣϵĳֱǺεȿµ飬Ȼӹɡ
ֻǧǧշĵ
ҪԸּĴڣȻһͿģҪﻮ׵ġ
аʳ֣ͻʱ䣬֮ǰıʱֻ¸
ȻѾаˣ
óƷӺǣΪʲô⼸߻ᶢаʡ
ϾҪԸһߣĴһ֣Ҳ˵бʤİգӮˣֻҲҪ൱Ĵۡ
б󣬿϶һС
ڳƷĲξЩ߻ԶҲûа취
µĴ룬а̵ķ߿˵һ
һŴǺѶȵģϾа֮С
ŴУҪܵаѹƣܷӳȫʵ׻ǰѾʩ൱̶ȵĵаѹơ
Ǳа̵ĸȻǲռϷ磬ϾһѹսһսΪа֮жǡ
һһ£Ŵʵչ
ҲΪʲô˴˶ڸԵıԴ綼ܼɵвԭ
ǶһıҲǽסһȶԷĻ߾ѣôٶҲͲ˵ġ
µĴս֮а̾͵ֵסˣַ߿˵һǧ
ƷԶԶԿһһϵа񱻻ѣ񷣬ս֮С
а̵ĵ̻ǷǳģǸղǵսԽа̵ĵȫƳ
һһǿ׼ʼսһʱ䣬ȻסĴΧ
˫ֲ£
ÿʱÿ̶ǿĸֵʬѪĴͬһꡣ
аѾƴˣ֪һβˣҲû·һа类ƣа̾ͻ޸ƮƼ·һ
һΣаû֣ԷĹŴа̵ĸ֣аȵȫ˳
ѾǴӣ˶ˣڸǳ׵ķˡ
ֲҪĴ򷨱һʱ䣬Ȼסˡ
˫ȻķǳݣֱӴ˹ӣжٻеģȻʤǴ˻еλ֮ս
ĴӮˣôаеĵֿЦа˻ֻǿһСԽУȻЮаӴܡ
аӮĴߣ˶û飬е̫ˡ
˵Ǹ飡
һһ߻лʤĻᣬһûͲˡ
ûᰡ
ƷϷµľѪֱӽ˳ȥеزҲӵܺͨǱƷΪ
ʱ͸ûˣҲһ׼ʼǿߣҲ˵ƷΪá
ĳɳеԭҪɱһ׼ʼĸֲѣҪɱϾͻһƬĺ䶯
˵ͬһ£׼ʼֵʬҲǲ¡
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ѾյĳҲֻһ֮ңˡ
ƷҲû뵽ոյõʱ򣬼Ҳû뵽Լܽĵز
ڵʵļ֪ҪǷǳѵģһţǿʼɿʼΪػȻһֱˣûͦɳڡ
Ͳһɵġ
ǸʱҲΪԼΪ
ǵز֮һóڵǾһˡ
ƷΪһ壬߶һ
Ͼ˵ȫƷʵǺͻߵļһġ
ǻ߷ҲܹԼΪ
ɵǿȣǻҪƻѡ
ƷܹΪһ壬ʱ㻹ûп߾磬Ҳӵ˿Ժͻ߽аʵ
ֻǶݽаʵ׼֮УҲǶһˡ


2493 ϯа̵ĲƸ
Ʒ·ս·֮Уķոֵֶʬǡ
һʼʱ򣬻ּգɴͶ׼ϵ׼ʼֵʬǡ
Ļʵ̫˷ʱˡ
ֻ׼ʻʬǣ㹻ļֵȥա
ǶˣĽЩ׼ʼʬеľɡ
ͬʱƷҲѾƽаĺģаʵĻʹ
ԶԶȥһаȻĻʹ˳Ʒǰ˵һʹ˵һ޴ޱȵĳǳء
һ޴ޱȵĳǳаĺģƽʱѰаа̵ĸ֣ûзٶýӽ
ƽǸƣ꣬Ҫӽܡ
ʱа̵ĸֶ׷ǰֵˡ
ǿյһƬ
ƷֱӴ˳Уûа򣬼һѹҲܶԳƷ㹻в
ĴΧаʣаʼֻܹ֣Ҳֲ˺ܾãʱҵѾˣƷ֮ϣʱʱܹܵһЩʵѹʱѾˡ
аʹа֮Ϊĵڣı鲼һһĽ硣
ĺ棬һһС͵λ档
Сλ֮УʹаôĻۡ
Ʒ˵ʱʱ죬ֱӴһ磬ȻЩ米СصķǳأȻƷĿġ
һСֱӳ˳Ʒǰʱ޾ı⣬ָĵر඼׼ʶʮֵ۲ı
óƷȥѰҵĻһҲԻʮ֮һĵرһ˵ʵ̫ˡ
ҲΪʲôʶҪԼ
ƷƳһۣһɨǧڼƷʯ
֮ǰа̲õļƷʯС׼ס
Ʒͷϣɽͼֱӷ˳ӭǣԽԽƬ֮䣬ѾСƽ˲ͽЩƷʯͳͳߡ
Ʒ̾תС磬ӶаĻۡ
УӵٶȻ
ƷһСһСȡٶȻǲɴֱһӡֱӻǧٸ
Щʵûа취ᲢۣսҲΪһ۷Ǵʱȴ԰ƷЩа֮Ĳ֡
һʱ䣬ĵرƷ˽֮󣬻һĳӿаʹϷɽͼ֮С
ļƷʯиָƽѵһļƷĵرа̲֪Ѽĸָеĵ伮
ЩڳƷЩԴҪ̤ϻ֮·Ľݡ
ߵʵĵ·Ҫ߳Լĵ·ôȻЩ伮˵ܹһɽ֮ʯԹЧ
֮⣬кԪһȥϰԪȫ˳ƷС
֮ȣƷ֮ǰջֱʲô
ôԪ˵һӾͽ˳ƷԴ⣬һˡ
óƷϲǣаʹ߶Ҫ۲Ļϡ
νϣǻƻĲϡ
պƷҪƳԼĻôЩϾǱزٵġ
ԭƷûеõЩϵĻɻˣҲҪѺܳһʱ䣬ܹƳԼĻ
ȻɽͼҲվԼĻûа취ͨûлֵĻߣսҪۿ۵ġ
ЩϵĴڣóƷʡȥǧʱ䡣
ɽ𣬲ʯľĿ֦ƷԽԽǴϲһ׬ˣһӾͽа̵ĵֱͳͳɨһա
볬ʮϼǿ˳Ʒĵ̡
ֹ˰ʱƷڴ˸磬ǧٸͬʱ֣ڽаʹ֮еĺöֱߡ
ȻⲢа۵ȫöǹҲռ˸߶˲Ʒе߲㣬ʣµģǾøϷȥɡ
ƷٺһЦֱɽͼĿռ䡣
Ȼһ٣ͽɽͼ֮С
аʹѹһ֮󣬳Ʒʱ̵ջջѾ˲ĵز
ȻԴѾ⣬ǾóƳ嵽׼ʰأ
Ʒ׼ʾ⵱ȻѾǵǷ켫ľЩԴĻۡ
һа֮УֱӲĶ̰壬԰׼ͻƣȵٶȳʱ˶Ϊ֮𾪡
Ϊ˵ȴչЩǿߵʬףɱ䣬Ѿ뿪ˣʵ̫Σˡ
ʱܻع飬󣬳Ʒѡ


2494 ׼ʰأ
ɽͼĿռڣƷٶ£
ȻողͻƵ׼أʱͻƵ׼ʰҲˮɵ顣
طѾԽ׼ʾ磬ͻҲֻԴϵĲࡣ
ԪӿƷڣΪǿʹ֮ÿһϸڲͣͻƣͣķһֱ仯
׼ʾ죬һһ죬ÿһεɱ䣬ͬе֮䡣
Ψˣĥƽ۷ͻʾر
۷ͻʾĲѾصĲ࣬ǲͬռĲࡣ
ÿһҪеľÿһĲ඼ͬһ㣡
ÿһεͻƣƷܹоԼܹǿ
з츲֮䣡
ԭˮĥ򣬵Ԫӿ룬ʱ䣬ĥƽʱϵĲࡣ
ʶ̶ʮʱ䶼ܹɻʵģ޾Դҳġ
ƷѵʱѾԶԶΪûôԴûǿͬ档
ϹʱڣһЩ̫ŵѪĴڣ𺳹һʱҫһƬǿա
ǸʱԶڵĻҪӣȻǿ˵õĻͬһ㣬ǿһֻɾ͵Ļߡ
Ӷа̵ĲƸ֮󣬳Ʒһ̰Ҳõ˲룬ÿԳߵľ硣
Ʒɵؾʱ򣬷ӳ˳á
ԪŨԪ֮ӴĹ֮ӿ˳Ʒ֮Уÿһϸڷڡ
ķڳƷΧͣһ
ֻǺѰȣѾҪݻΪһƬСˡ
ʱѸ͵һͻƳΪ߲ͬƷѡ˸׵ķһһɱ䣡
ҲзʱͬˣȻͬն
ΪѾǸʱˣ
Ҳ֪ȥ˶ãƷٶ۾ʱеʧӰ١
׼ʰأڵˣ
Ʒ¶һĨ΢Ц
ƷԸоԼʵǿ֮ࡣ
Ȼ׼ʾ죬һһ죬ڵʵԵʮǰң
Ʒ֪һ£ҲѾ˸·׼ǿߵʬףѾһ͵״ֻ̬ɱ֮󣬾ܼǿƷս
ճƷĹƣ㻹ûͻƵڣƷ֮ȫں֮Կ׼ʾĴڡ
ʱ򣬳Գ֣Ʒûʲôµˡ
ΪֹȫҲʮߣ˽죬»һ
Ҳ˵ʱȫԶвˣѾԽԽˡ
ϾǷëˣǼ곤֮еĻߣѾѶʲôвˡ
ƷһΣʧԭء
ٶȳʱ򣬴ʱа̵ķѾҡҡ׹׼ȷ˵Ѿ˺ü޴©γһ©ס
ʵǿ׼ʶЩ©ɱаڲ
Щ׼࣬ÿһӵмΪǿƻ
ƷһҪӿˣȻһĸ׼ʷ֣ɾʹˡ
ʱû׼ʻŹ
ߵĹעϡԣǻ߶۲
ƷʱҲˣǷǳð֮١
ΪһаʺĴ֮սֳʤĻôĴ߶ήа֮С
Ǹʱ򣬳Ʒֵļʾͻӡ
Ʒʱɽͼƿشﵽ˼£ΪޣڻߵǰȻкܴԱ֡
Ҫϣ
ƷսڵĻϷϺüԿ׼ʾصĴڡ
Ʒ㾹ȻûأƷҪߵʱ򣬲ԶӰѾ˳
Ǽŵ׼ʣΪ׵һˣǱˣŵ
Ʒ۾֮ǰһٴС
ʵѾ׼أǼˣûһʵҪͣлһ׼ʰصľ֡
λֻ±Ҳ˿ġ
ΪʮȻ֮УʵĴڣŵҲϵĴڡ
ŵЩ£Դĺô֮⣬Ҳ˶Ըȥġ
˻ãѡΪ֮󣬻ᱻΪ̡
ôϣȥô
ƷЦЦ˵
ʱգΪ͵ոռŵʱѾͬն
ǵ־棬µҪ취룬Ҫͺˡ
Ȼڣη壡
ʱף
˵ͷβɱأ


2495 ɱ¾
Ѿȫˣ
Щŵ׼ʸ֣Ҳ׷׸ıģ
ɢ޶˵ʲôȻϹԹȥǾһ̣
ʱĺһŵĸ˳޳ǿ̺֮˵ĿֲϢϬ֮дž˵ɱ⡣
˲䣬˺˿ռ˳Ʒǰ˻ţ֮бŨѪ
֮оͺǳһ㡣
Ѫ֮ȴһǳһ㣬Ͷ֮䣬һƬضΪ֮
׼صĿֲʵ
׻ȭ
׼һȭɲǼ䣬ȭɨһУ˲ɢ˿ֱӽƷ˽ȥ
䣡
һȭ˳Ʒϣ׼ȷ˵ǺһߵĵطҲûа취˿Ĵ
ֲȭͷһУȴûܷƷķ硣
һɸӿֲѪӳƷ֮зӿɲǼ䣬ͷ˻ȥֱӺݺݷ׼ʵֱ֮ϡ
ǲ
һĹͷѪ罦
ŵ׼ˣһ𾪵ĿųƷ·ڿһһ
ֱ۶˲ˣ
˻Ʒһɸӿֲת䵽ϡ
ֱӽֱ۶ˣϵжֱ۵ĻǸոĿɾͲһֱˣᱻ顣
ôܣô
׼Ŀɿڴ˵
ӳƷϸоһɿֲϢԶԶ
㲻׼ô׼ĿɿڴĿ˵
ṩ鱨֮УƷҲ׼ء
⻹ǲ֮ǰ顣
Ϊ˳ƷΪѾﵽ̵ܹļޣҲ׼ء
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һ
ȥƴΣ
ɢ׼ʾӦѧ׾׼Ϊ˱Ҳֻе׼أŵĵߡ
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Ʒ־˵ĳɳٶȣȻѾԶԶ̵ܹļޡ
ˣʵҲûнǷɳ׼ʾض˵Ҳʲô
׻ʵǰʲô׼ʾضûκ塣
׼ʺͻߵĲѾ˿ȫӵĵز
вĳƷҲֻΪԤһˡ
ʵûй⣬Ҳɢ޵ǵսɢе׼ʮûκ塣
ȻȻƷǵһ⡣
ĿֲҲԶԶǵ
ŵ׼ʣҲ̶ֳֻôƷ˵ʱ仹ǳŵչˣҲûҪһսȻǷҪɱңûû˵׷ɱǾͱҲˣ
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Ǹ׼Ķס˳Ʒ˵
ôпţΣ׻ʻبе˽ܣȻֻ޵еˣû޵еķͬķ׻о޵УУҵǰȴǲһ
ƷһЦ˵
ƷĻȻŭЩŵ׼ʣѹҲǿ̬׵׵ļŭˣǡ
Ƕһ޵еģʱ򣬳ױ
׼һϣһϣƷ˫ֱ磬˵
ɢŵΣյϢϢͷ˳ƷһƬ֮֡
Ǹ׼ʵֱ³˳Ȼ˲䳯ųƷٶȷ˽һΣû֮ǰʹ⡣
׼ͷſϯһȭ
һȭȴһӾ˵ٶȵ˳ȥ
һΣһֱͬ嶼ֱá
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ͻûʲô׾ٵĳƷһŲ̤ϣڻȪ̤ĺ֮¡
׼ʲҽṳ̋ؿڣԪ񶼱ֱ̤ķˡ
һ˵ʵֻһ˲Ѿᡣ
Ʒֻһ˲Ѿ׵׵Ļɱһ׼صǿڡ
㲻֪ʲôĴڣ
һ׼
žԲŹģʲôƣ׻ʵǰͬһˣ


2496 ͳͳɱ
׻ʣ޼ɵĸڣ
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ȻɵҲ֪£ģõ߶ʧ߹
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һ˲ͽ׼ʵȵķѣ׼ɲǼ䣬ͱ̤
һУ˵ʵֻһ˲䷢飬쵽Щ׼ʶֹĵز
ɱɱ
ƷΪȻѾ׵׼ŭЩŵľ֡
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䣡
һ֮һ׼ʱӶս֮е˳
Щ׼ʾһһıӳٶ֮кÿһؿһȭķѡ
ǺͳƷ֮ʵӹɡ
Ѱ׼صʵ׼ʰ֮ʵѾܾˣοǺͳƷʵ࣬͸Ӿˡ
֮϶սӰԽԽ٣ԼɼһӰҲԽԽ١
ۣ
һӰ˳һѪ˳ȴǱˣ
֮˸ûڵΣû뵽ֻʱ䣬ƷȻܹǿĵز
ԭ۵ĵͼ׼ʣڿһȭҪԼ
Ҳİ
һѪһֱ֮ķѣԪһͬ顣
ʱҲֻʣӰ
˳Ʒ֮⣬Ҳֻǿ׼ʡ
׼Ķס˳ƷԼͬ鱻һһɱеŭŭɶƷֻӴôҲҺһս
ƷٲϵĶܣֱӽ֣ᣬЩͬͳͳɱ˸⡣
ֻƬ֮ѣͱɱ˸⣡
ŭ˲ͱˡ
ģһˣˣ
Ʒޱ飬Եһǿ׼ʣҲû˿ı仯
Ҫɱ㣡
׼˻ţ֮гһĹâڵľѪ˫ž޴ǳͷſµܡ
¡
ˣгһڳһᴩ˳գ˿ռ䣬а֮бȹŽ绹ҪȶĿռ䶼һ顣
һ֪ܿжôľˡ
һ䣬ͬһӱ俪ųƷķϯ˹
ǿĵâĿռ価ˡ
һܸ赲
ƷķӦ죬ֻǼ򵥵һȭ
¡
ֻһ޴ޱȵĺƷˣһȭֱӺ䵽һâ֮ϡ
أ
һըѿ׼ѿƶըѿˡ
׼һ𾪣ˣֲ㱻ֱըˣѪ졣
ˣ˳Ʒϣ
ܣʵôܻǿز
׼˻


2497 ɱ׼ʰأ
׼ʱƷǿʵ㣡
һʵѾƵ׼ʰصĸ֣ƷǰʲôʵھȻܺƥУ׼ȷ˵ǻҪԽ֮ϣʲôʵֱ˺Ȼ
ѹͲ飡
ԸųƷܹǿز
ѾȫΥ֪
òܣ֪̫ˣ
ƷЦЦֻڵ׼ʿ˵ĿЦͬһЦЦһ㡣
ƷϵϢ𽥵ıǿͻ֮ڲϵԪ
֮ǰ飬Ϊʵ̫ݳˡ
ڣƷȴ׾ٵĲԼʵ
ÿʱÿ̶ԪٶؼҪ򱶡
ûֶεĻһ˾׼ʣеľҲûа취ߵľ硣
Ķ棬Ǹŵ׼ʻڼȵ𾪵״̬
ΪѾˣǳƷΪȴڲϵС
µģһ˥ϱһϵıǿ
ⲻܣŵ׼ʲ֮ͬб˻ܣܣ
׼֮˸ɱ⣬ڷŭ
ŵ׼޵ôȻһƭ֣ǱƭˣƷЦһǾʹ򲻹ң
Ʒʵڲϵǿֽ֮ǵɫ֮ϣսѾ˰ȻĽ׶ˡ
ԽԽĸͻа̵ķ֮󣬳а֮С
Ʒʱ䲻ˡ
Ķ棬ŵ׼ҲܽʱҲˡ
ΪȥĻƷʵֻԽԽǿǸʱҪλܳƷ
֪ʱƣõԮĸҲܸߣƷֱӴĸʸߣûа취ðգûа취ðģѡ
ɱ
׼ʴһܲӣֱȼԼ̵ʱ֮ڣԼܹﵽļޡ
ҲѾָ˹
һ޵еһ޵еġ
֮иǸ֣ŵ׼ʣһһǿ
䣡
һΣֱȭͷ˹һأɽһȭΪ¡
Ʒӿ£ȫȫѹסŵ׼ʣֱӳˣһȭȭ˲񷡣
һȭֱӺ׼ʵһУ
ֻһȭѾֳʤ
׼ʼȼԼʵһ־ĵزԳƷʱȻûκεʤ㡣
ֱ۶ˣˡ
Ѫ
ȻˣôܣͬĽ֮Уʧˣ׵׵ʧˡ
֮ǰûģŵĽΪ׼ʵĽȻĽ֮б֧飬ʧˡ
Ʒɢһһɹ⣬ͬһһ㡣
ʱڷɢĳƷʵ̫ˣͬؼһħ
㵽˭ܵģؼ䲻ܵ
ŵ׼ʳ׵׵Ъ˹ˣȫȫĲš
ûбҪ֪
ƷݻԼɲǼ佫һŵ׼ʸС
ŵ׼ҲͬʱԼҪƷ򣬵ǳƷĶ֣ѹͲǳƷĶ֣ѹˡ
Ѫ˳ɢžӨĹâѾѰѪҺͳͳǱı
ʱ򣬳ƷȭͬǹһᴩƬʣȻһȭ׼ʵؿڹᴩ
౻ֱһȭ򱬡
ǿͬ׼ҲⲻƣԪ񣬵
Ʒ΢΢һֱӽЩ׼ʵʬЩǷǳҪϡ
أƷӦĴڡ
ʱǳá
ΪǿĴ׷
Ǳһǿ߷ˣ뿪սٵĳųƷķ
м֮УǱһǿĸַˡ
ƷͨĸӦˣһĽ˶ӡ
ӵıű飬űֱ̺֮֮ӦŽľˮ
Ÿֵı¡
֮ɣеĸȫд󷨡
ӻʼս֮УƷҲֹд󷨵еһϵȻڽ֮ݳ
кһϵľ硣
ĿǰΪֹдһҲֻ֮һˡ
֮׵׺Ϊһ壬ΪĿֲڡ
׼ʣǲһûа취Ϊ硣


2498 ȼ׼ʾ
ֻǲһһһĲ࣬Ľ׼ʺ֮Ĳࡣ
ʵ̫޴ˣ
ŵ׼ʣȻ׼ʾΪ
˵дѾе˼µĵزӦ֮н֮Ĵڡ
д󷨵ΪҲûа취ʹݵ
ڷĵһʱ䣬ŵ׼ʾԼĶ֣Ľ׷ᡣ
ͨ˿֪Ĳ࣬ǵ׼ʵĲΣ˭˲֪˭˲
û˻׵ķ
Ʒ¶˼ֽɫֱӹϵ֮һϵеĲʧġ
컯
а֮ϣһŵ׼ʹЦʹݵһֱ֮С
ҲǳóϵķݵٶȣľҲ˿
ű֮ΪȻһʼ޵Ĳϵķ򣬲ȵϵоһҲ
ҪΪǲܹƫƵģееΪĳ̶ȶһĲܹƽ⡣
ƽǴ۷ͻƳΪ׼ʵĹؼ
ƽҪ½֮Ϊһ壬ɾͻ֮·
ܹõĻʣеҲһ޴
Ѿ׼ʾصĴˣԸһĻ˵ϣΪ֮֮֮еĵڶʵ֡
ϵ׷ɱϵʩչԵͨͼ赲סǰĲ
ݵٶȻ죬ÿһӣҪݳȥϰ
ٶȳԽ˹٣
أʱӦԶһϢһ˵ٶȸ˹
أͿһֱֻӳץ˹Ŀ
ҵǰҷ
ŵ׼ЦһΪ֮󶼿ݺ޵С
ȷ˵ʮ֮⣬ûʲô˺µġ
űһӷ˳ȥһɺֱӾͽһָֻˡ
Ǿͳʱ䣬һ˸߿֮С
Ҫߣŵ׼¶˼Ц֮ɫ˲Ѿ׷˳ȥµĽԷһɽɽٶȿ쵽˼£ɲǼ䣬Ѿɨ˳ա
أͿоޱ𺳵飬ȴ޴ԽԽСܿͱһӰĴС
ȴһӰѸײڶ֮ƿգȻֱӺײһ
һ˲ʧӰ٣ֻʣǸһϮĺˡ
ôĵӣҳĶ
ŵ׼ЦһΪţ¶ǺպĴڣҪûܹõġ
ԭ
Ʒһ֮Ͼ˳Ǻηʥ֮еһ֣һΪǿĳ̶ȡ
·֮УʵԿŵ֮еǰʮ
ֻƽﲻѣϲڱչǱޣԷʱ䡣
ŷŵ֮ر˵Ĵڣʲô񶼿̷
¼Ĵڡ
û뵽
ƷҲûж룬Ϊ룬˼ʱ򣬳Ѿ
ǿֲģҲֻʣһ֮ңĿֲϢһɢ˳ȻֱӳųƷ˹ȥ
ƣ
һ֡
˳ȥֱ֮ݻһɽ
ɽųƷѹȥ
ɲǼ䣬񷶼ѹı鿪ֲֿݻ˿ʮֵĿֲ
ָĹâɲǼڷڣֱӽƷҪ
ƷҲʾͬݻ˿ͬʱָȭһȭɽȥ
¡¡
ɽɫͰ˲ǿֲһ˲ֱײһ
ѷָ£
Ʒǳһһƽ֣ǳĿֲ䵽˳Ʒ֮ǰͱΪУֱˡ
ͬʱƷİ˲İo˸ľĹâɫɫҫ졣
ڹƷǿ
óƷսһӳԽ׼ʰһӳ嵽׼ʾصĳ̶ȡ
ʵôһǿˣ
Щ֣տʼһ˲䱻׽ϢԼƷʵӦֻ׼ʰضѡ
ȻҲһЩ֣ҲֻһЩֶѡ
ǵͳƷֲŷ֣ƷսȻԺԼȼ硣


2499 аܣɻ߱Դ
Ѿ֮ˣ֮УǸܷ飡
ȻӸܷ黹Ƿˣ
Ʒʵ˲һΣ
һΣս˺ü
һӵԺ׼ʾһϸµĳ̶ȣΪ˵ģ
϶Ϊһˣ
һӾͷӦ˹漴֮˳̰ɫ
Ʒһ׼ʰصĴڣ϶Ϊһܹȼ磬Ļ˵ܹ
Ѿе磬˵ʵľһ㶼Ļ˵ٻ
Ǹܵģ
˵ޱȵĿ
Ѿ֮ǰʮĴȻʵϣף֮ǰȫǶ֡
֮һƾͿ׵
Ƕ֣
ĻʵǰȫȫǶ֡
룬Ҳܹս࣬һӴ׼ʾ֮ѰĴڣеٮٮߡ
Σеĺô̫ˣԲưոݣ
뵽֮˼ֺ˵ɱ⡣
ɲǼ䣬޾ɹͷ˳һƬء
֮һ˲ݻβǺӵİ׻гε䣬ڻȸػסﱾԴ롣
޵һ˲䣬ȫͷ˳
ޣϹʱ֮ǰ̫ʱѾˣѾǻ߼Ĵڡ
ÿһһϵ򣬿Ǿ춯صĴڡ
֮ǲο޵ķ򣬽ݳд󷨣ƾд󷨳ɵ
һ˲䣬ȫųƷķ˹
ؼֿ֮µĹâ˳µضں
Ʒһȭһȭȭȭoػסһأûƻһصȶ
漴ƷһΣʧԭء
ߣ
Ʒ˲Ѿ˾ȻʵڿԺͳȼ硣
սʮҲ˿ࡣ
ʱǲվһߵġ
ʱӣߵֻԽԽ׼ʵע⣬ҲԲ׼ʾؼĴڡ
һǵ֪ԼƷȫȫĵʱ»ᱻһȺ׼ʾ׷ɱ
ļֵӹɣ㲻֮еĸǰֵش󣬶ĸ˵Ҳž޴õġ
Ʒ͸
ߣôܣһޣֱӳųƷķ˹ȥ
Ʒûͣæаȥ
ʱѾа֮лʣµƸֻҪսȻһû˵ĵط׼ͻƵ׼ʾ졣
Ǹʱʵǵ׹ھ׼ʾ죬ٻߵ׷ɱҲȫȫǶ֡
أʱ֮ϣһ޴ޱȵǱ˻©֮дŭ
Ǳ˵ģаʵ
а
ĸţҪҵᣬĻұɱǼ
аŭţȴԽԽСϢ𽥼
˶֪аܡ
ȻĴĴֵɱһѪ·
аȻɱһѪ·дߵ屻˺ˣ׼ȷ˵ֻһԴСߵϰ˳ȥʣµĴߵ屻ֱץ˿
˵Ǹ˾޴ĴۣڴĴߵĹ֮ж·ӡ
ǹߵŻһ
аȼȫľѪ˲ڻ֮˺ѿһѿڣȻʧ˻֮С
ĴҲ׷֮òŹ˶аʵ׷ϷаʵĴߵ塣
ƷͨĴſͣаʴߵһȥ
аʵĴ֮󣬳ƷܹоõĴ߱ˡ
׼ȷ˵ȷʵˣԭЩ˥ϵϢסˣȻָһЩ
ȻֻǻָһСֵԻ߼˵ȻǷǳһʱˡ
ˣˣ
ƷһӻȻΪʲôĴ߻ЭĶаʳˡ
ԭΪʲô˽ΪаƷġ
ֶڻ߼˵岻ûж࿴һ۵ļֵ
ǿеģаʵı
аʵĻߵıԴ˥ϣ
Ʒ˲䣬ʲôˣ
ѹĴ߻Ἧأ
Ϲʱ֮иܷ飡


2500 а·
ʵȴĳӣ
ʣ
ϹʱӳķԵҩӳģͨӳģҲɱԴӳġ
ֻǻ̫ǿˣǿ˲ͬĻ߱Դ͸ûκôĵز
ΪߵʣѾӽ˷ĳ̶ȣѰѪ˵ûκ塣
ҪɱԴֻͬĻ߱Դпܣ
ȻϹʱڣǸ飡
һΪϹʱڣеĻ߶ǸʱģԱȽᣬٲ֮⣬󲿷ֻҪԿԷⲻӳԼʱ䡣
ҲΪǸʱĻ̫ˣʵ̫ɻˡ
Ϲʱɱһߣĸ˾Ҫʮߵ׷ɱ
ӵϵ¶ûã
ΪûһҪΪ˵
ǳΪˣǵ˽ǵʵĸ߰ǾԲܵġ
Եʵ׾ٵҳʮڴĻ߽з
ǵʱʣµ߼巴ԣҲδκεĴߡ
ĲಢûôԣѾûֹܹЩˣ
ԲŻһóƷ֡
Ʒʶһ㣬ѾĲˣҿܵвŻôֶεҪ
ĴȻͨһΧаʻ㹻ĺô
ܹӳ൱һˣ
ƷҲòпΪ˳ӣҲһƴ
֮дֲ˭ôνĿֻεѡˡ
Ϊͨ˸ûѡĻᣬҲûĻᣬֻƭԼѡܡ
ǻȴƴ
ƷҲ֪¾һε飬ļҲҪƴˣ໥֮䣬Ҳûοԡ
ЩͳƷûйϵ
󣬳ڷ׷һԼٶȲϴռ䣬
ס
һϲķ֣ڳƷǰһŵĲӡ
һŵĲһ׼ʼĸ
˳Ļ֮˲ͷӦ˹ڳƷǰһͼƷǰ
ֵܹסƷٶȣƷһץһץУһڳ
ǧɳһ˲ȥ
䣡
ֲһĻˣһ֧˵ŵĲԭһƬޱ޼ʵ֮ϡ
ڳƷһ֮£ˡ
춼Ѫ
񲿶ӣͬһŵ׼ʱֱӺɱ
΢һ¶
Ʒʵ̫ԶˣǸͽ׵׼ʣƷʵҲر𣬸ͬն
Ʒһֻ֣ЩѪͳͳץߣ
漴ǰһ壬Ʒа硣
أ֣аȻһһı
аȻˣƷĿɿڴһοһ
ȻֻһСѣ
аıóƷоһĩյ˥ܡ
سƣվͺƾһĶơ
˶ڷĶɢȥ˿ͣ
ʱ򣬸ĴѾû˼ȥΧа̵Ĵˡ
а̵ĸ֣Ǹĸ֣ȫڷɢ
ڱɽХͬˣӹˡ
аʿ²Ҳδˣ
Ʒ̾ˣааʱݻġ
Ҫаάֵģ
аҲζаάаûˡ
ȻҲۿаҪ֮ףаάаԸҲûˡ
а֮еЩԴͲƸ¾Ҫױˣݻ٣ǳ׵׵˻֮С
Ща̻ĲƸƷЩź
ʱûչôֱ࣬ӳа֮󣬱ǸȻϵ׷ɱ
ڱ޲ϵĳųƷ
аŵĴʧأ㻹ȥæҪ׷ңƷ
а׼ϵĸ֣˸ûжԿ
ӳȥͻᱻ˺ѣһа֪жУҲʤ
Щ˶٣Һθɣ㽻ٹԹ
ЦһûнЩֵͨͨ˷ֻгƷ
ɱݺᣡ


2501 ս׼ʾ
Ʒ֪ٶ˵Ҳûʲô洦
ԷһҪץסһҪõԲưոݡ
Ͼ֮Ȼ˵ֻ׼ʰصĳƷһ֣Ȼܹ࿹⡣
սԾǨѾóΪ֮ݡ
Ҳû֪ͨһͬ׷ɱƷҪһݺô
䣡
䣡
䣡
׼ʼĸֳ֣Ǻεȿֲĳÿһܺ䴩񷡣
ÿһζóƷǡôĶȥˣЩʱ򣬻ֱ䵽˳Ʒϣ֮£ܹԳƷʲôв
ֹ˳Ʒϣϵֱӻˡ
Ʒ뿪аֱ֮ɱǿ֮Уı󣬳ֱӸȥ
ʱ䣬ƷֱӽǿѾŽģˡ
൱׼ʾսĸֵٶж죬ȻӹɣÿһӶܷɳȥʮϰ
ʱ䣬Գ׵׵ķ뿪һƬǿա
ҿĳӣҲǸ׼ʹ˷Ź׷ĵϣҲԲóƷܵ
ţƷٶȸûа취Լȣڲǿ֧ŵڶѡ
أƷͣӰתų
ųƷɢ޾ɱ
ɱ֮УΧСǴ֮еǣ嶼ɱ֮³׷顣
ôųƷƷһǵ˼ˣòͣ
ںս˷츲صҲûܹڵάס
ˣȻ˦Ǿɱ㣡
Ʒضų
ҺܾöûнйսˣͻƵ׼ʾ֮ǰĥ
ĥǿЦ
Ц·ʲôЦЦһ㣬Ʒ֮кڿһЦ
ϻ˵ն㣬עҵģ
˵
䣡
ϣһɿֲѪ𣬹ᴩ˸Բϰ֮ڵĿֲ档
֮ͷǿޣ׻䣬ȸ롣
ͷǿסռ䣬Ʒ·סˡ
ķռ䱻סˣ˽пռԾǳڷֹƷߡ
ƷҲںΪһΣûҪߡ
սʱڳ֮ԲڹŽ綯֣Ϊ˷ֹŵĸֳֹ
ԳƷĿǰʵͬʱ϶׼ʾظûʤ㡣
Բò˳ȻŹֱӾ׷֮С
Ҳη壬еϣܹ֮˵ģֶֻĹνǷëǡ
һΣҿĶߣЦЦ֮ޱȵı䡣
ҲҪӣһΣ׵׵Ľ˽ɣ
Ʒǰĳǿ֮Уչ滯Ϊһ壬Ƿӡ־ʱԻ˳Ϊһ޴ϵ
վһһž޴м䣬ޱȿ¡
˽ңƾ㣿ЦŶᣬ¼һ˭š
ʵҲȷʵˣΪҲǽʵһС
ȻδɻʣͬʴսҲδػ䣬¼
䣡
ʱ򣬳ȷ˹֮ʮ򳤽ͬ콣һ㳯ųƷķǵضȥ

һĽЩȫ䵽˳Ʒϣϴɫս¸赲סˡ
ɫս²Ǳģ
Ĺ䵽ս֮ϣδܹơ
ڳƷΧն˺飬ΪһƬ硣
֪ʮ֮Ŀ£ֻΪս̫ǿԲûܹơ
䣡
ƷͬǿѪ졣
վǿյλñֱը˿˱
Ʒֱӷ˽ָȭ˰o
ǰ˲ȭ
Ĺѹգֱѹ˳
¡
˫ײһ
ǿվȻȼգһŻ滯Ϊ˾ĳ
ԷڶԳƷ
֮ͨڻ˻֮ԴΪ˶Ը
Ȼ棬ȴҲֻѰľûг֮
׼ʾײĳֱӻĹâɨ˳ȥ˸塣
һһ̧㣬ֵܹ˺һų͵ǡ
˫ͬһ㣬׼ʾսȫôĿ£


2502 
һοֲײѪɽǿ֮УԵøĴĿ
Ϊ׼ʸڵѪͬҫ۵̫һԡ
ĸ֣֮Уÿһϸž˵ԡ
Ʒ϶һ˵˿ڣؿڱ泤նһ˵˿ڣѪ罦˳
ǳƷɫû˿ı仯ֻһЦĶ棬ؿҲһȭӡûƷ򴩡
˫νܾˣ
Ʒ׼ǳȴûȫóôһ׼
׼ȷ˵ѹû뵽ƷĹܹ˵ĵԼ
ϾڷϣıƷһϸ£ڹϣƷ˲Լġ
ȻʱƷȴʵжݺݸһƣƷȷʵӵв
Ƭ֮˾Ѿָ˸߰˰ˡ
û뵽Ȼսزȷʵ˲ãĶųƷǲʲôֶΣյ㣬ɣ
ϵĳ֮жʱǬ𵴣ɱ¼ɱޡ
ǿնڶ
սѾԶԶһ׼ˡ
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ȴԷ߽һǳ
׼ʼµĵط˵ǸĪĶǹߣԷֵĹߡ
һŻ棬һսףЦţųƷճ˹
ƷȻ޾壬жһǱģɽӶ
ֳɽӶͬһҳνǱʮĴ򷨡
䣡
˫ֱײһ𣬱ҫ۵Ĺâл滯ĳ׼꣬׼Ⱥ֮УǷǳǿġ
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ڳɵ֮Ҳй෬ļɽͼһЩ࣬ȻѰ׼֮ϡ
ȻҪҲɽӶҪܲսĻԺ׵еĳ
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ڷƿȣֻ׼ʰصĳƷҪһЩ
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Ϊܹģû͵ˣģ෴ģһһŬС
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ڵؽĵطһ׼ʣǶ֮ӡ
ڳ˿Ŷ֣·ᱻƷ֮ӡ
ǺͳƷַʼһȣȫûпɱԵġ
֮ͬУƷ޵еģԼǾԼߵĳƷռơ
ԳƷ̾ѡսķ
ɲǼ䣬ƷѾ嵽˳ǰ
ȻҲһ㣬ƷսʱԷˣԼȻƷټϳƷӵɵս£ս»Ҫ˵á
սĻԿֻǳƷ
Ҫ룬巽ֱӳųƷ˹
巽з֮бУƳ

ƷһɽӶֱһȥ
䣡
ǰͬһɽİ׻һҳľŷɢ
ǽϵ췺ŽɫĹâ
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ͬʱҲǧ֮һʱ䣬ĻȼͬɽХһ㳯ųƷķϯȥ
䣡
ֲĹ˲ͽƷû
ȻЩĴ޲ûܹ˵Ʒ
ޱ޾Ļ֮Уһֻ޴ҩֱеȸ
Ʒ¶޳ͦΣ۽ͬħһ㡣
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ųƷȻˡ
أ˳Ʒͷϵתɽͼ

ûһѪǿȱͺǿĳƷټս£ѾѴˡ
ټһֱױһڹꡣ


2503 ɻ·
սڣ˫ó汾£
Ҳû뵽ƷȻܹǿز
ֻ׼ʰأȻܺ׼ʾصԼսز
·磬Լޱȼɵ
ͬʱû뵽ǣƷϣȻһĻ
ŵĵ̣ûǻ϶ǲƵġ
Ϊÿһı󣬴һǿޱȵĶߡ
߻ڣôͲ䵽档
߶ˣǱȻһҵĴսҵĻսԱˡ
ҪòƵĻѣĵλڹŽ֮жûܻһ
˵һĻˡ
ƷǻɽͼǶ׼ɽӶȣÿһۺޱȡ
ɱ
ϱǿҵɱ⣬ֻɱ˳ƷܶȡеĶ
ʣµͷޣ䣬룬ֱӳųƷ˹Ԫ񳱡
ͬʱƷİ׻ȸҲڸա
ΪǱѪ֮Ǵ˵еķݻҲشͨͷ֮һ
֮Ϊķ֮һ
֮еɵ̺µȻġ
Ȼ˵ǧ֮ͨߡ
ǧȴи֣֮ͬĳɵ֮·ɾ͵ʵҲȫͬġ
ȻʾҲһ˾ͿԵüߡ
дΪϣΪǿĴ֮һ
ɱ㣬Ҿ֤ʱ
һ֮ϷڣָĹϯ
㻹ףɱңҲԶûгɵĿԣƷһ
˵ʲôɴ۾
Ʒͷɽͼϵת˸ϯĹûܶʲôв
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ƷɽӶ͵ȥһͷ뱻У˲˳ȥֱӱս塣
һ·֮ĴһԼĴƷһûһλߵĵͬģ֮ȻѾɵѾȷ˾Բ֮ܿɵĵ㶼ף㻹ɵٸһʱҲûпܳɵ
ƷĻͬӴ˲˳
˲˺ܶ࣡
뵽֪ӿֳ˶پž޵ţʣҲڵЩ֮£һһð
бͬεĻ߻ҪӵĳɫҲ
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ͱӵп֤ɻ֮壬֮ӵеһʡ
СͱŽţս֪Ӷ֮ɱһ·
й֪ٷʵͬǿߣʵͬй
̵ʱ֮ھͳ׼ʾأƾžޡ
Ȼȥô꣬ԴӳΪ׼֮󣬾ѾǧʱˣΪ׼ʾضǧʱˣҲûд
ҲûйɣΪʲô׼ʾأҲûд
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ȻڳƷĻ˲ˣƺ˵еʣʮ֮ڣֱӴʾıȱȽǡ
û˵٣
˵лĻŽҲϹʱҪȴ˻ߡ
˲ʲôˣΪãΪʲΪΪԴֻһԭǾ߲һԼ·
ÿһ߶ţѹһʱ
ʰۣ
֮µ֮񣬵Ҳͬʱһ
Ϊʲôû˸߹أ֮Ҳûᵽ
ʱֻû䣬Ǹ߸ϵʮͬ߸ϵһ㣬·Щ˿Ǵﲻһľ硣
Ŀߴ·ȴҲûȥһ䡣
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붼ÿ£ЩΪʲô᣿
ˣŽ֮жţֻҪ߱һʣ;߱˳ɵĿԡ
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͸һԤıѾõ壡
ڲʶһ㣬Ϊʱ
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·𿴵һĻϹضһгɻʵ·
ضϻ·
ǻ˼ȥһ޴ȭͷͺᴩ棬һȭؿڡ


2504 ǸǰδеĻ
ͣ
Ѫؿ֮罦˳
˴ˣֱӱɳȥʮסΡ
ؿһ޴Ĵ󶴣в³ѪѪ˸Žɫԡ
۳޽űУˡ
ǰƷ˫ֱ磬ͬһһ㣬ɽӶϵתбǿķ
ΪʲôҪңΪʲôҪңҪɱ㣬ɱ㣡
ţ˵Ұһ㡣
ʱгŶԳƷԹޣƷһ㣬ôǵʱȻҲֻԼȱؼ
ʱףԭԼԼ·һʼʹˡ
дȻǳÿһ׼ĴһǾͱ˵֮д֮С
ôߣûа취
֮󣬱Ȳ֪ʱҪʹʮ
Դʱʹ޳Ʒ޲ýʬΣ
޲ɼ
ƷЦһȱɵʡ
ӵƵļ֮о֪Ϲ䣬ûлߴ·ȴܹӲնΪ¿ʼ
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Ҳǳɵܹӱʣ
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ֻû֪ɽͼԪֱӿƷ֮УƷΪÿһÿһ붼
ÿһÿһ룬ƷԼʵͳʵ࣬ʵֳԽ
ָƣȻ֪ΪʲôƷûѡ׷ɱʱѾǻŭ׵׵ûˡ
޷ĳųƷȥ
˫սֱӺɨ˷Բ
ƷŲæ԰˲ȭȭ⻯İ˲ػס
ȫͬĴ֮ײ
ͬʱ˫Ҳڲϵײͬ粻ϵײϵڡ
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䣡
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һƬŵǿ֮У֪
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һʼûзʲôԣڣڷ˲Ծˡ
Ʒֻزȴȫûзֻѡ˷ء
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һ䣬һ
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ǸҸɶͬģŸжһĵĴڡ
ǾԲ֪ģд󷨣ŵĸ󷨣
Ʒôܻд󷨣
Ҫܹͬʱ۳ޣҲζţҲҪ׼ʼпܡ
ôҪ˵ûндȥһЩǵȻҲǲʵġ
Ǹܹдز
ҲԲܹز
Ȼ뵽һֲĿܣǾǣƷȻڸղô̵ʱ֮ڣ⿴֣ͽд󷨸ز
Ȼ۸Ӿˣ㤡
Ȼôܵġ
ųв֮ʣµļٲܣҲʵ
ò⿿زɣĶס˳Ʒȵ
㻹㱿
ƷЦЦ
ɴ۾漴ż־ֵغһǰδеĻһţŶ¶ǻ


2505 սͻƣ׼ʾ
սڣˣƷһĻ
дôܹ꣬ﵽĸ߶ȣƷȻ̶̵ͨĽ־Ѿﵽˣⲻǹʲô
Ѿ츳õˣ
ʱ츳Ҳһ۶Էͨ书׾ٵĽԷͨ书ѧϰ
Ϊһ¡
źΪľǷʵʣҲ׾ٵĿԷеĹ
˵е׼ʾ֮Ǹȫȫ顣
׼ʱҲһ֮ңеķޱȼҪͨ־ͿԷĵƣǲ췽ҹ̷һĿЦô
Ǿô˼飬Ʒȴˡ
Ż˵ֱµĴ
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ŻóƷ¼Ļ
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죬ɣƷֻǿ£׳Ƭ֮󣬾Ȼͱȳݻ޻ҪһЩ
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־ŭиŭɶƷȻֻǿſģȻܹزԺȼ硣
ʱĳƷĴһ㣬Ȼ˳־ս
Ʒֲʣʱ򷢻ӳ쾡µãսѷָ¡
˫֮Ҳ֪ս˶УÿһӣǵٶȣܴսǧС
ǧڵ嶼ನ飬˳ɢս֮ϣ洦ɼ
ԽսԽľֻÿֲΪƷʵȻڲϵ
ͬͻĳֽһ㣬һһʮֵĿֲ
֮ȷһֲ飬ǾǳƷȻͻơ
սͻƣ㽫ҵʲôˣ

Ƭ棬ֲһС
ڷˣƷʵΪʲôΪͻƣΪͻƵߵľ硣
ֱ췽ҹ̷޷š
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ѾܾûԹս֮ϼҵͻˣѰ£Σգ˵׼ʾ磬ҪͻƵ׼ʾ졣
ΪǸʱϵԴͲͻƵģҪһͻƣǼֱǸġ
ȻڲͬոոаԴһҹʹԪԼͻơ
Ƕ˵ԪҲȻʮҪԴ˵׼ʾ硣
ôԪ֧ͻƵ׼ʾ죬һͻƣûκεѶȡ
Ҿͻƣȵͻ֮ʱڣ
ƷЦšµٶȱֱӳų˹ȥѹеж
еֶζоþҲûа취赲Ʒ첻Ʒϡ
ͨҲƷѹƣûа취κε˳Ʒ
ֻܾųƷóƷͻɡ
Ψһʤ㡣
ʱѾʼЩڣΪʲôԼѡ׷ɱƷڻҪΣգ֮ǰδ뵽顣
뵽иŭ𽻼ӣ
ǾãԼǷǳʤģսͻƵûʵ̫Σˣһķģɥ
ϧȴ֪Ʒ֮ס񣬸ܷȫȫһһĶá

ϵоƷԽԽǿˣµġ
䣡
Ҳ֪ȥ˶ãƷһҫ۵Ĺâڶ𣬽ţһɳѪֱʣɲǼ䣬Ѿǿ֮С
Ʒϵƣһ˲䣬ʮϡ
ôһ˲䣬Ʒȡͻơ
һоϢɵޱȾ
Ʒͻ֮ǰѾԺ⣬ȡϷ硣
ͻˣ͸˵ˣһʵԶԶ
׼ʾôǿ



2506 ɱ
ȫţƷôǿӡ
ͬ׼ʾأȻ֪ͻƵ׼ʾصĸоεģǾǸоһ컨嵲Լǰ
ûа취ͻƣ
Ҳ֪ͻ컨壬ܹͻƵʵľ硣
ûа취ͻ컨塣
оÿǰһ컨͸һ֡
ͺ컨ϷʲôȻѹһ㡣
ԭ֪Ȼ﾿ʲô֪ˣǸȻﲢǱģ֮
֮˵ǰ棬ֻҪѡ֮һд·ӣôҪ֮ѹơ
Ǹûа취ͻƵʵľ磬νһѹһ˳ɵô˾ûа취ɵ
һһٻɱơ
ģǳģ
ǳƷͲͬˣͬ׼ʾأͻ֮󣬾ѾԼǧ֮Ľ
Ʒ컨ԿҪߵĶˡ
һʼƷ͹⣬ӵʵļ֪֮һһ̿ʼƷͿȫһĵ·ȫյʵ·ߡ
֮·ڻҪ˳ʮϰٱ
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ƷЦһһֻ͵һȥ
һֻֻһֻ͵һӳųݺȥ
ΧֱӷҪͳƷ࿹⡣
ǳƷĶֱ֣һƾͱɢΪĹ㣬»Ϊ˷
ǺεȾ˵ĳ档
ҽһһֱУֱӷ˳ȥϵֱӱ˸飬סһ׼ĻҲ顣
ƷһڳȻֲ˹
ۣ
ϵѪڰ֮סΣƷʱ֮޷ŵ顣
ôܣҲţôǿӣ϶ܣ
ƺǳҪ֪ƷǿܣʱĳƷʵ̫ǿˣǸոͻƵ׼ʾһ㡣
·һƵ׼ʾǿߣԽ˳
ƷһЦ㲻Ҫʱѣղ͵͵ȵϢʱ򣬿Ϊûô
ƷһͿ˳ųϢȷԼóƷûа취ʱķųȵϢ
Ʒһ֣ĻҲôѾ˼ĽǿյΪ˼ŷϢҲûôܹõŵ֧Ԯ
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ɫʱһ䣬û뵽ƷȻô׵ľͷԼܡ
ɣ
ƷһԭܻŵԮΪٶˣͲˣη塣
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ֻҲû뵽Ʒô̬
׼ʰؾȻԺԼ׼ʾ࿹⡣
ǵս֮ϼͻƣ׼ʾأֱǹеĹôʱ䶼û
ôʷ֮УûŹ顣
뵽ﻹֱͣһתĳŹŽķӴܶȥ
ߣˣ
Ʒһӡ˳ȥӡջһŴǡ
ͬײһ㳯ųȥ
Ƿӡ
ۣ
ƺһһѪ˳һУͺͱһŴҲûʲôֱֱӽĳѪ
Ĺɢһ˲䣬ֱ䵽֮С
أ
ձɢڰ֮лѪ⣬ķѡ
ʮֵĲңƳô궼ûôҹ
һӣ׼ʾĸԭʮֵľˡ
ɫѾʮֲҰףղȻûҲشԪˣֱʱ䵽׼ʰء
ǻߣȴһֻƾճ֣Ю޾ĻȪˮݺݲ̤
أ
ٶȱɢһΣûܹٶȸԭǲҽһ걻һ


2507 Ļ
һΣûָܹڸղһλָʱ򣬾Ѿ͸֧ɾˡ
ǾԵʵࡣ
Ʒոͻƣʵ˵Ҳֻǿ
ҪǿĶ࣡
ûļӳɣƷʵҲгôǿ
ַʣÿһεͻƣѰҪǷʶûôѵġ
Ҳջʱˡ
ոͻƣѾͻƵ׼ʾмΪľ硣
ڳƷѾվ׼ʾصĶ㣬оԼûдﵽޣԸһͻƣڱ컨֮¡
ǳǰ·֮ѹţֻ֮Ҫһ죬ĴͻԺɾ޴谭
ֻ֮ŵʱһ֮֮ĴȻڣֻû֮ǰʱôԾ
Ƕں˵Խһ컨塣
Ʒͱܿ⣬ɵȻѣȴҲѰҪõĶˡ
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֪Щܲйϵ׻ʵײ֮ŹϹǺպ֮
ԳƷҪСһЩſԡ
ҪøǿһЩԪܳ㣬ȫǱãҪðȥõԴ
Ʒ⣬ɢ޵Ĳ֮ΪҪ㹻ԴͱҪϵȥðջãŴǰ㣬ԴԴϵĻԴ
ɢ֮һĳһǿߣȻǸǴǿߡ
ΪɢٵĻҲԶԶŴɵĵҪĶˣܴɱһ·ˣȻǸǴ˽ܡ
ˣƷоԶʮǿϢԾ˵ٶȸȫŵдϢҲ׼ʰأлкü׼ʾء
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ĿǰƷʵЩǿĻߡ
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ֲǣռ䶼ĵѷ죬й¶
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ʱǵԺ֮һֲֿĲ²⣬ѵɱһŵ׼ô
ŵ׼ʣôܽдز
ѵ˵滹һ׼Է⣬ԲŲ֪ô
һʱ䣬˵Ժ֮ͷһ뵽Լĸֶ֣˶оˡ
뵽ϢϢ֮˵ǸĻж׼˵һϵеı
ôĺöǿŶʮֵۺ죬Ƿ׷׷˶а̸ֵ׷ɱֱӸҪԭ
ĻԮҲܳôˡ
˵ĻôԷڣҲûпܡ
׷һҪҵɱŵ̫ϳϣ˭춼Ҫ
ʱһŵ׼ŭ˵
ŵ׼ͬ׷׵ͷΪЩ˵ĺöΪЩŵ̫ϳϵİΣԲܷŹ֮ͽ


2508 а̸Σ
ŽУа̸ľ㲨ʮ꣬𽥵Ļ
ȻԵĴսʮǰΧаʵʱ򣬾ѾĻ
аѾע˰³
Χа̵һᣬŲǸոտʼѡ
տʼʱ˶һ㣡
аǺεǿڹŽʱ䣬û˵а̻Ḳ𣬾΢һЩķ粨й
Ϊʲôķ粨ֻҪа̱аʳ֣ᱻƽ
ûκη粨ʼĸûа취ƽģ
ʮϹʱһֱڹŽ֮񣬴ûзκһ顣
ʮɺ⼸ѾΪ˶ˣ˵Ժ֮жͷ
а̵ĸ𣬾ôͻȻ·ˡ
һԴĴΧаʡ
ָĴϣĴΧɱаʣǲʲô汾Ĵ˵аʶش֮ߡ
ʲսʤܹսʤʵҲֻһʣ˵ĴߵΧˡ
ĴΧаʣаʱشѶǿϢһʱŽ硣
ûвĻߴ֮С
һʱ䣬Ž綼һƬѪȷ֮У֪ͬŵѪζһΧ˹չ˶а̵Χ
ΧаʵĴڶȡһаʵĻ߱Դ֮󣬾ѾĻȥչһεˡ
ʣµľ׼ʶа̵Χˣа̶ĵ̣㱻Χ˶꣬׼׷ɱȻӵмΪǿʵֻһ׼ʡ
аͳε֮Уνɱѷ֣һƬѪȷ硣
ɱʮʱ䣬ԹŽ֮иķΧˣа̵ĵ̺ǿҲڼֲס𽥵û䡣
һλϵа׼ҲΧɱһɽ֮аϵ׸
ʣµа̵ĳԱת˵»ڵֿȻڸ˵а̸սۻȫȫĽˡ
ʣµа̵ĳԱһ׼ʶûУ㰵л׼ʼĶ֣µĸ˵Ҳûκ塣
аҲˣ½ҲٳΪߴУΪߴУ˵ûκ塣
аܹǿƹа̲п
Ȼ˭֪Ǹ
ϾаѾˣϹ񣬻ϲǿԷܹһ˭֪
ʮĻÿһ࣬ˡ
һĴشȡ˻߱ԴܹӲдĲдͲˣҪȫʢع飬Ǹܵ顣
ϲĳ̬κѲڣֻǳ⡣
˶֪аˣ
ʮʱ䣬˶ڷа̣ͬʱа̵ӶָԴ
ʮĻս󳾰䶨ʱ˶㡣
Ͼÿ˶а̵ʬ֮ϻ˼ĺôԵ
ͬʱһ֧һ֧ԶϵԶǿգȥаľݵ㡣
ǿ֮Уһͬλ棬һ֪ǲǰפЩλ棬λ棬гȡԴԴԴϵĹڹŽ֮е
кܶЩλ棬λ֮ж˵ͳԴԴϵĴЩ֮ţʵԼ
ڹŽ֮ҲǷǳձ飡
а̾ôģ⣬а̾Ͱλ棬һͨаڲõϣʼ̤һ·аľݵγ׵׵а̵Ӱ졣
ݵϷ޾Ĵͬһ㣬֮г۶Χס
޾Ĵ֮͸ѹȵн籣ĵ۶֮еľҪһ¶ܡ
Щڵ۶֮еҲ׷׸оӲãҿ֮޾Ĵ
·޾ޣһ۾ͻᶪ˻һ㡣
ʱվţӵģҲΨ׼ʼĴڡ
ҲǴʱ֧ݵ֡
俤˼ꡣ
ڳƷ뿪֮ѾǾ֣Ѿ׼ʼĴڣѾ׼أ͹俤˼Ҳ׼ʶ۷壬ֻ벽ܹ׼ء
Ȼʱǵɫޱȵأ֮޾ĸ֣Ѱ˸ܹ޾Ĵ֮еŶߣݵ߼ҪĶࡣ
Щ꾮ߣǺһ֧֮е߱ȴԶ


2509 ʴ˽֮
Ҫ˵׼ʣʵ׼ʣǶ֪кܶ࣬ʵԶԶǵҲв١
ǼʶǣҲомϢ
ǴδȻ֮׼ʣ
⣬һµĵط
أ֮ϡ
֪Ʒȥ׷а񱳺Ǹ뿪ݡ
Ǹʱʼ֪֮⣬Ӵ硣
ǸʵҪԶԶڵݵ磬ȻǸӵʲôʵ
֮ǰǸͻȻðаǳƷʱعĻҪڶԷˡ
ΪԼΪѾǿˣڵǸа
ǵ޾Ĵ֮ŷ֣ԼǸӴ绹̫ˡ
ԭΪǸҪǿһ
ȻʵȴǱǿ
߱ʵܹᲢۣ
ʵǿ׼ʣһ׾ٵĻݵ
У˼Ϥףð
Ǽ½ַ֮У
νǿƣ
Ϊ½ǰЩУȻȫĴ
ǵ̸һµ
һλĻߣ
뵽ɵñɫ
ΪѾ׼ˣΪ׼ʣԲŸ׼ʺͻߵĲֱ࣬һĴڡ
ԵһĻߣûκʤ㣡
ԷһСָͷҲ׵ĽԼ飡
Ҫ˵Ǵ˵еʣ½ֻǰЩԽݸһٴΣ
Ȼͱԭ屳аһıͬԼĿɽ
ʱ䣬Ǳ۸ˣ֮ɪɪںò׿ԼˣпɼˣͲûһѱһˡ
֮䣬ȻûкͽĿԡ
аҪˣɺ壬ϻĸĻʳѪԼĳ档
ЩͬȻκεĹ˼ɡ
俤ҺͳΪסߣҵóгһգһҪΪǱ𣡡
صĿ˵
һҲĿ˼꣬Ȼ˵߰ɣǻΪסپһ㣬˽Ҫֲסˣ
δ޵ĳ˵Ϊŵӵ˼ԼŮ졣
ʱǻܹö˶˵˵Ϊڵ۶Ϸ˽ĶסһɵѹΪȡʱ䡣
ԭʮֻõ˽ʱѹ˵۶Ϸԭ߰ͷ­òǱǿߵƻѹס
Ȼʱ䣬һͳ£˽˺ܶ࣬𵱳ǿ˺ü
Ҳܲסôඥǿߵѹȡ
˼ԣ΢ҧ´˫Ŀͨ죬Ķ֮յ֮޾ǿߵӰ
ЩǿȻΣǱķԻһͷһͷǿ׶ޣÿһͷͬľޣצޱȿֲ
Ѱ¿һ۶ᱻŵùǺ
֪ʱûκ壬ߣҲ·һ
ʦ
˼ⲻᡣ
΢΢һЦ˵ҴѾӣ̽˴ļޣ㴫ҵ²㻹ûҵӣҵ²㲻Ҫúûȥ
ţ
˼ڵ˵ͷûϾȥ
ߣأ֮дһΪţһֻצ֮ץ˳ֱץסڵ۶ϷĽ
һţţǸûκôֱץС
һֻ޴צ֮Уͬһ㣬޻֮
˲͸оԼץס˲һ㣬ʮֵܣͿҪϢˡ
˽˶ϢϢأ˽۳ɵһ
˽ץͬԼ˱סһ
֮УԼԿһ˫Ŀ·ˣͬڿһȺһ㡣
ã
һأȴһֻһ˽ҽһ󱬣Ľɢ
ۣ
ʱȫµͬʱ³һѪϵµոճĺͯһ⣬ͳͳ³һѪش
˽ĸ˽ƣ֪ʲô顣
˻̵ʱڽ͵££²ЩµĴɱ⣬Ҳһǰδдʱڡ
ֵ𣬻ɽ緢ײЩͳͳڶʱڷͬĩһ㡣


2510 Ʒ֣ն׼
һ˵Ļ˽ˣ൱˵ȫĴˣһù˵ʱˡ
ˮ߳Ŷᱻײö˶˵ĴڼҲᱻ
뵽µĺɫһӱˣ
˵ǰδе飬֮ǰսټҵʱҲй
תͷȥʱ۶֮ھ϶ֳù
ԭڵ۶ľֱܵ˽ı˵ǾӢ˲ţõ˲ܳڵ۶
ÿͷ϶вǳˣ
Щ˶Ǳýƽһ㣬ֱʧӰˡ
ÿӡöڷڣǽдͷװ
Լг˼ߣܵ˵Ӱ졣
ֻгΪ˻ߣŻȫѳһȺ˵Ӱ죬ȺˣҲκӰ졣
Ϊ߲Ⱥǿʢĸԭ򣬶ǷȺǿǻǿԭ
ŸԵĲͬģ
Щ׼ȴûΪӰ죡
ǴʱߣҲûãǵù̶ֳȣɲԶһһͷײЩ֮С
ȫĵָϡŹֵ
һֻצ˽֮󣬲ûֹͣһ䵽˵۶Ϸ
¡
һ죬۶Ϸ˼ӹ̵ģӲѰ׼ʹĽȴֽһ㣬׾ٵˡ
˽֮һֻצֱӳץ˹ȥ
ټĵ۶֮Уܹһ֧ʵĴ΢һвģҲ⼸׼ʾĸˡ
һʱ䣬˶ھ
˼ҲԶ󣬱˿ֲĹƣҪ赲סһֻ֣Ǹûκô
ǵĵֻֿһ˲䣬ͱ顣
˷׷ˣѪɣݺݵ䵽˵ϣֱӽһƬ˷Բ֮ڣͳͳΪ촷ۡ
һֻȥƲֱӳץ˹ȥ
ӣ
۾ֲֿĴڣ־о˾˫Ϊ̫ˣ΢һ¶
𵱳аҪ¡
һ׼а֮սȻҲѪȻҲǴ򲻹ǺôԺͶԷһС
ԷǿԼ֪Χ֮ڡ
ȻĻֵǿѾԶԶԽ֪ͬһԪĸ֡
أ˵һ󾪺һֻץϵצһպɢ
¡
һֻձɢɢڿС
ʲôˣʴ֮еǸĻʮֵķŭֱӽĿ⿴֮С
ȴ޾յʴϷһ°Ӱ紣֮䣬ͦεǴ˵еһ㡣
ǳǳ
ڵ۶֮У֪˭һ۶ˡ
ͨһ֮ʴľ󶼸һ֮пˡ
ȴǳƷ˭أ
۶е˶ϲ
û뵽Ƕоʱ򣬳ƷڹؼʱȻּʱϵ
Ǽݱ˳Ʒʱ򣬶ʱֻøεѡ
µĸ֣ǿ˵ڳƷӰ֮µġ
ƷɨµʱǶδ
ǶĿųƷκɨµģɨƽ˺壬Ȼ󽫺УΪ
˵ƷǵУǵһˣ
뵽Ǹεѣ
ǲǿ´ı֮£ûʲôµġ
ɱˣҪǸΪū
ЩָųƷŭ
ôĵӣȻǵͼΪūҪƤ
ʱһµ׼Ż˱ԭΣһͷȫųëҰǧɸߣֻһͷҰȣһԳٲȻѰ顣
̫ʱЩµޡ
Щ̫޾㣬࣬ʮֵǿ
һͷ׼ʣȻӵ̫޵Ѫͬ졣
Ҳܹеز
֮УҲͬҪѪģ廹ҪӿţͬѪͬĳ;һֻδĳɾΡ
ܹе׼ʵģһӵ̫Ѫޣ֧̫޵ĵϵ
в٣̫޵ĵӣǱӡңԶԺűھʱ
ͣ
ֻƷ߸߾ƣһǧɵĽնȥһͷǿ޵ͷ­ն޴ݺ䵽˵۶֮Уҳһӣ׼ʵѪ罦


2511 ݺ޵Уɱ׼ɱ
ֻǼ򵥵һѣ
һͷǿ׼屻ն
һжô赭д
ЩҲ±ˣû뵽ԼոҵĿɽȻ˵Ĳһ
ǿǿ׼ʰ֮еĵһ֣ġ
ȻڳƷһ֮£ȴûκô
ֱһնɱ
ɱ׼ɱһ
ֱţ
ݣ֪׼ʣҲֻѣ뿪˵ĳƷ֮⣬Ҳֻ˼ѡ
νǷëǣ
磬вſǿ׼ʾģȴȻֻ
ǵ׼ʾ磬Ƕ֣߸ϡ
Ȼڣۿһ׼ʱһնɱֱо۶ɴ˱ˡ
·׼ֻϡƽʲô
ǲµģ
ƺƷ뿪ôЩ꣬ǵûʵ˶ӿֲˡ
뿪֮󣬳Ʒͬ󺣣һ˵ٶȷɳ
ݷΪƳƷɳļ
𣡡
𣡡
𣡡
ʱ´֮Уһŭŭһŭֲĳϳ˷ɢ˿
ЩƲסųƷķ˹
ͬʱƷͷϣɽͼڵתɽӶ
ɲǼ䣬ɽӶ֣͵һȥ
䣡
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һ׼û뵽Ʒܹ˺ѿռ䣬˲Լǰû׼
Ʒ˫ų⣬͵һ˺һ׼ʵձ鿪ԭ޴ͬһ޴еȻѪ¡
һ˲䣬Ʒϣ飬޾µĴʧһƬ
Щϯˣ˲
ЩĴڳƷǰûκôΪС
˵ǾûκôģЩǳƷķ
ƷһΣҲܣͷϵɽͼתȫĹЩ֮еͳͳգΪá
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ЧѾʮ־ˣĿյҲӾ˵ġ
˵һ֧µľ֮һ£ǲģֻʵʽС
ҲһΪ˹ϷаµŶ̶ʱ䣬Ѿƽ˺ü磬Ǽ綼Ϊ԰
һ֧ĸ𣬾µӴܵش
ʱеҲڰ಻סˣ׷׼ųųƷ˹
ѰҿƷɢûа취ֵһ˲ͻᱻ
һͷΪ˾ǵĿֲ׼ʣ͵ط˹֮ϱܣÿһӣضžҵĻζ
أ
ûɱƷǰ㱻һԾ޴βͳ˳ȥѪˡ
΢һѸײڶ֮Ʋһƥǡ
ǲҽţŭţǸûκôֱΪѪ¡
ڳƷǰһͷĿֲҲûκδڸС
أʱȴ׼ѾųƷ˹
ǳƷȴûһ˿һĶҡƾǳ
ǵķڴƷʱһ˲ܣǵıҲƷݻס׷޴׷˵۶ϷĽ֮С
˷׷׳֣ûЩ޴ˡ
ʵս֮йȻɲóǽֻΪ㹻ġ
ʵǿˣ
п˵
ͷ·Ѿ˴˵еĻһ㣡
ȻҲֻ˵Ƿ·ΪǻߵĻһĴͳͳѾˣô鷳
ǼˣУƷҲֻֻһ֮ңˡ


2512 
ʵֱҪģ
һʵͳƷʵ࣬Ȼв࣬ҲһܹĲࡣ
ڣȫȫͬˣ
Ʒһȥβƶˣ
Ҳɵòип
Ʒȥã
ĽѾǼˣϾѾԱȼȥ֮ǰĳƷˡ
ȳƷ֮һء
˭룬Ʒܹǿز
Ʒڵ磬ľǿ㣬ҲҪȥµͷ
е׼֮ѾԸо컨Ĵڣ컨ûа취ͻƵġ
Ϊƣͻƣ͵ƻ硣
˵õõҲôϾļңĸڣǾԲԼƻԼĸڵġ
ڳƷָһ·Ǿ߳ݣߵ֮С
ʣݶزοڹŽ磬ȻԼŵġ
ʱ֮ϣƷһһʴ֮еǾĸ֡
һ˫ɫ˫Ư⣬嶼һź֮С
ֲĴڡ
ʴȫûˣֻҪڣôȻѪϴݵ塣
ղŴĻʳ˽Ǳ׾ٵɢġ
࣬
ʱ֮дһĮֻ֮м־ɲ
Ʒһ·ɱĿԣ
еĻԷ
ΪҲڹŽܹ֣֮磬򣬰λ棬ûһܹ׼ʾΪǿߡ
ġ
Щ׼ҪôԼ֮УҪ͸ʾ뵽Ž֮У˷пܽľһ
ƺȴ⣬ƷȻֵܹزڹŽ֮Уƺû˵˵Ĵڡ
׼ʾ죬ڹŽ֮УҲĴڣκһʵǾףѰ˼㲻֪ĸȴ֪ģΪÿʱÿ̶Ѽⷽϡ
ҿǣƷЦ˵죬˭ߵȫҪ
Ʒ䣬һ֣һ˸һ׼ʰֱһͷ­ͬСɽһֱȥ
𣡡ڣں֮еһӰҲڰ಻סˡ
ɲǼ䣬Ӻ֮̽һֻħצųƷץ˹ȥ
ħצ˸Ĺâ㣬ֱء
ֲѹ˲ѹƵĵ۶֮еĸַ׷ױɫ
ǺεȺ˵ĳ
Ļֳ֣һʵԶԶ˸ղųֵ׼ʣһͲͬһϵĴڡ
һԶԸɣ
۶֮У˶ڵϣƷܹɱֲ֡
ѾµһֵزʩչֶΣҲĶ֣˶ٸûκ塣
ƷɽӶ͵һȥ

һ޴ĺħצɽӶײһĶǵײ
أ
ǸħצձƷֱӺ飬Ѫ罦˳

Ǹħצ˲ɵòҽһһֻħצպɢ
ͷ¶βģʲô
ƷһɽӶ͵һȥ
䣡
ɽӶֱҽ˺֮У֮еӰ˳
ʱںɢȥ֮һϽսףһ˷컭ꪵ˳˳Ʒǰ
һ˫Ѫɫ֮ޱߵĳޣ޵һС
Ʒüͷһأ֪ǰ˭ˡ
ŵʱ򣬱ûôɣǹǸ鱨Ͽ˺ܶࡣ
ŶԴҲܣƷҲʲôĹ޷ųѼĸֵָ϶ѡ
ôֲиѼֻҪڹŽ֮гֵĸ֣ŶҵӦϣЩĸ֣ϸʵ
ȻɶŵѼҲپˣǹܣû˻ϡ
ȻܹѼĶһЩȽϹϣЩֳֹġ
ҲʲôܻܵϣҲܳƷǶʱ䣬ƷѾеĶֶ鿴˸顣
У¾ôһ
Ȼ׼ʣ׼Լֳģʵϣ绮֣ǲʲô׼ʵģ֮󣬾ǻʾ
ԲʾҲֻԳΪ׼ʣҲֻ
ͳһҲֻԳԳ˻ʣȻֻЦ󷽣ΪЦ


2513 Ǹ
ʾԭɲǽкǴ֮Žĸ֡
Ҳ֪ĸ壬ν񳱡
һָͷܣһָܱ
Ź˳ʣҲ˳ƽԼָΪʲô죿
Ȼʣ
һ͸ĺҲ֪˶ã
ŵʾ֪ǵõʲôУпϹĳһλߵĴУһΪǾ춯ء
˵ǳпܳΪߣ
ȴһָͷܣ˵ģ
֮ҲûͻƵϣһֱ׼ʾˣ
ҲĴ˺ĵ֮󣬵Ͳܲˣʵ֤ȻǻԹߣȴҲûܶһǰв
Ʒ֪˵ҲǷϵΪ
ǱȷϵΪµ˵ġ
ΪϵΪĻޣǵıƣָĿԾͺССˡ
ԭпܳɵĺʸƵľ֮˲սʤӰ
ҲóƷȷˣڹŽôõĻ֮Уţô֮ȴδͻƵߣսʮߵĵλȻΪЩѾһĻǸ赲ϵ·
֮󣬺ͳ˺޵һУȻҪģʡ
ֻǶ˵ûͻƳɻʵŶԣʣµҲûʲôϵˡ
Ϊ£ίΣƾ귴Ҳûκô
ʮǿߣκεķֻЦѡ
ʸֹľٶûУú쵽߲㣬ܹƿһ֧൱ʮ֮һ
νȨ죬¼ȻĻߵǰȴôĲһ
׼ʵ߿νر𣬲˸ûа취ĵز
ʮ֮УҲΨ⣬Կǿ߼֮С
зǳϸĵϵɢ֮֡
ҲΪˣҲʵǳ죬һֱһָǿ
һǳҪԭ֮Ⱥ̫ˣʤ
ټѪ߽˻ݻȫµȺ
ϣҪ֮нǸܵġ
֮УѪĲֻͬݻͬĹҪͬͬһĹ췽ҹ̷
Ǹܡ
ҲĲͬ
ϵңԹŽ磿ĺϯ۶ܵĺ⡣
ڼɵĹؿڣ赲ֺ֪жôľˡ
еڶεĻᣡ
ûбҪصЩܿҪˣ
Ʒ˵
ɱңôĿЩ꣬ڹŽ֮Ѿû˸ٶ˵Ļˣ
ҧųƷղŶûг֣ƾЩֱ¾ΪҲЩĸ֡
ЩʵͬĳУֻЩ걻ǿʵˡ
ﻹʣ޲ýɱ
ʶмһˣ֪ļӶûС
Ǹ߸ϵĻš
ٸӣˣ췴ˡ
Ƕ˵ֻҪһƾͿƽеҡ
ּĸǰʲôıƣС˼Ƕ߼ĸͬʱı㣬Ļη塣
ΪҲǵС㲻ֻһѣΪôƷ˵
˵ʲôʱһ˫ɺɫ飬ĶųƷ䣬ޱ޾ĺʵ廯糯ųƷķϯ
Ʒ״ֻǵ˵˵һѣ
˶˵㱻˵ģǲǹ˼ӵ˵ѣ
Ʒ΢΢һЦ˵ʵǱ˵Ӱɣһ˵ӵĵСѣ

ƲסԺ֮еɱ⣬ΪƷĻʹ
ȷʵʸ˵ӡ
ޱ޾ľһָͷľǺεȾ˵
߲һ֮ңһǵӵˡ
ʽ磬սʣΪ˥Զǰ
Ҳûһˣ
ôĵ⣬ôš
㼲
Ȼʵȴݺݳһ⣡
ûҪƹֻһָͷͽܣ裬ʱգҹλصʱоܴ衣


2514 
㶮ʲôûкʽֹô־׼ʺͻ֮Ĳ࣬һĲ࣬ⱲӶûһϸ£
·ҪԼôίȫһ
ƷЦЦ˵˵û˵ģ㱻˵ģʧܲ£µǣһʧ֮ûУ
㵱ܳɵΪãעģ㲻ɻʣķﶼɻˣ¼ĲƽƷ˵ҵ㲻һɥ֮ȮѣҲӿͣ
ӵʵļ֮УƷܶ߳ɵḶ́ĳ˵ϹɵڻѣΪҪٵǻϵߡ
ǸĻձᣬҲԾĸɵûܹߵĸź͵ѡ
׷ɱУ
ⵤʾ֪δɵ֮ǰͱ׷ɱЩ
Щ˾ܹ֮һǰʾ֮С
һʧܣѾɥʧģˣϹţҲʳɵ̤ʯ
Ϊɹ˵̫ˣԲɹǷǳ顣
ΪˣˣڳƷɹ
κǿ߰εǳɻʵĹؼڡ
Ͼزˣ˭ţʣѪԵñҪ
ʶ£ڹŽ磬ںţһۣעɵ
ڹŽ֮е׾ͱ޵е뷨ʮ߸߸ϣԴϹĩûл
е뷨ǲƥе
Ϲ䣬֮Ҳֹһηս߻̻ɥ֮ȮֹһΣֻ֮£ڻ߾ηȴû޵УƥУ
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ڹŽ֮ȴ̫ͬƽˣƽˣŽ궼ûʲôġ
ټĸս͵ǿߣҲйϵ
ϧҲһJǹͷӻѣ
һʧܣѾ˵ģڷ
ôʲôãվǱ˵ӣû˵ģȻΪҲֻǷƷ˵˵ʲôϻҪȡһкܶҪͲ˷ʱˣ
ôĵӣ
һŭ
У컭ɲǼ䣬һܹĿֲâ˴Ĳ
һΪһͷצĹӰ֮Ҳʲôֻ֪ۼףŰȣβͣצĳųƷ˹
ƷͷɽͼѹһУɲǼ䣬ѾһͷצĹ
ɽͼڳƷûа취ӳڵµֲֿΪʵҲѾǳֲˡ
򵥵һܹΪ
䣡
ɽͼһУͬʱƷɽӶֱӳźȥ

ضڲ΢΢Ĳɽڷѵ˻
˵ս۶֮е˶оƵѪ
˼ʱ׷ʩչķ֧ס۶Ϸķ硣
û˽ػ֮󣬵۶ķ˲ֹһ
˶ǳ
ȻǶ׼ʣڹҪֵ˫սನҪƵѪ͸˵ˡ
ûа취ǿߵս
˳ƷĻиĳȡ
Ȼлߣ񻰴˵еĴڣĻߣ
Ĵڽֹͷ
ȻڳƷĿУͬһɥ֮ȮȫǸ
ǽǶԳƷ˵ģ˵Ƿǳǿġ
ۣ
ˣһѪ˳
ɫ˫֮УأȫĲ˼顣
ƷȻ׾ٵľͽش
Ȼһָܣ֮ǲмһˣ
ʵȴǻʵģɲǼٵģ
ľǱˣʵȴǻʵģ֮µĵһݶӡ
ͬ׼ʾأΪҲǳĺü
Ͼλ۷壬ͳɻʵĽɫ
ھȻһشѪֱܴ衣
׼ʵ·ߵ۷壬ƥеĲ࣬Ҳͺ޼
Ʒƾʲôܹһشֱһﰡ
ǴʱûбѡΨбˮһս
ʱƷ²ŵһȦ˲֪ǿߡ
䣡
ˣ


2515 ȼ
Ȼ
ԳƷֽBUG־ᶨ徫Ҳֲס
еĹᱻɽͼˣֱӻΪ֣ǵĹֲεķûκá
нˣͬΣͬ磬Ѿܶѵġ
һܣ
Ʒһͷϵɽͼֱӷ˳ȥӭǣԽԽֱգȻ󽫸Ŀռ䶼סˡ
һĹĻ޾סˡ
ǽˣɱУ
Ʒǧﴫǡ
Ƕʱһ޾Ĵǿûʲôµġ
ΨһǼɵ֮׼ǿߡ
Щ׼ǿѾڸղǰ̵ʱ򣬱Ʒɱ˸ˡ
ǲƷҲٿҵǣɱ
֮УҲֻʣ˺һˡ
ʣµĶΪǡ
׼ʼʵЩ治ģ
Ϊ˲ͬĲΣʵȫȫͬģ
˵ļ룬ܿչɱ¾ȻʵƷ˵ҪԶˣֻʰЩе֮ĸֻǺܼ򵥵ġ
֮УЩԭݵǸǲ㱻
˭Ҳû뵽ȻȫȫŤתˡ
ǵݣԺɨ˹Ž֮磬ȻȴƷһ˸Ťתˡ
ҲûüЩʲôͱ˼һֱӻΪѪɢ
۶ϷɽͼһĻ۶УǿԷսÿЩġ
ûɽͼıԼĻˡ
˫վͬһϣƷûһİνǼ̫̫ˣǵĻᡣ
𣡡
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һͷֲĹٶȸֳǺ־ԭݻģǱƷһΣǻϾ۳
ǳƷܹͬǰ־пֹ۳һͷ
ƷһɽӶ䣬ɽӶ˸߿գһ˷컭࿹⡣
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¡
һֲײˡ
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ķ컭Ҳ䵽˳ƷϣΪ㲻ܽƷ룬Ҳܹش
˭ֻ֪ƤնһƽһĽ
ɴ۾أԲţƷôôǿԼ߾ȫһ˲Ʒ
Ҫ֪һ䵽ͨϣԽһն롣
䵽ƷϣȴֻնЩĻǣ
ǺεȺ˵ķֻǿȵĻѾԺᲢ˰ɡ
뵽ֻûڲһ
Ȼʵǿȫλģǿ󣬻򣬶ڴԼͨѧȵȣûж̰壬ֻǿ
Ǽ׼ʾ罫ʵĵزҲǾ׵顣
̶ֳܹȵģνǷëǣЩˣֻҪ䣬󶼳˻еһԱǻ֮еǿߡ
֮ļأֻ췽ҹ̷ô׼ʵľ֮пֵز
־ɵֻһ֮ңľǿ߶ôģ
ܣ
ȻܵȻǰˣ
һ
ԭԼ֮޵ֵĴڣȻͳƷȣԵĲͬһ֮С
ôܡ
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ƷЦһ˵ΪҵǻôҲǿģԶֻԼ
ֿȭҲɱ㣡
ǳƷͻƵ׼ʾ֮ĵڶս
ǵģôʱ֮󣬳ƷǸոͻƵ׼ʾأе۷塣
ŽԪĹӦټİԴԴϵ׼ʾصľֻôʱѾﵽ۷塣
Ϊ𵱳սͻƵʱȣҪǿϡ
Ҫս²ſԺͳս
ڳֿȭԴĺѪˡ
Ʒ˵еĶ̣Ψ
ֻԼǿ󣬲ǿ


2516 ն
ȼʣʱƷԼ׼ĵƣ
ǳˣ
׼ʾ׼ʣʾʣǲһ£ҲͬһϵĴڡ
˸ǳƷȴͬͬʱ߱ȫͬķʣߺ϶Ϊһ
ӵ˱ȼʵĳ̶ȣ
飬ڹҲû¼˻ʼսĻʾ
ֻʸͬѣǷȴһģôĳԣƷȫΪһ壬Ϊ˻ʼս塣
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ǱԱȼ֮壬ɱƷڸ˵
ԼѾӵ˽аʵ
Ȼֻǽа壬սʤѾǹУ׵Ĵڡ
ʵԼѾˡ
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ؿڱûֱһȭУֱӱһ󶴣Ѫ罦Ϊˡ
ĺҲֱͣˣ
Ʒٶ˳Ʒ˹һֻż̤ȥ
ûбİ취ֻܻ޾ĺͷſһ޴򣬽С
ǳƷһŻȪ̤һֻźݺݼ̤֮УȻˡ
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ƷһţԲǳοǺһ㶼ŵġ
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һشȼżһˣ״̬ҲԶԶȲ۷ʱ
תߣһݹ⣬ֱҪӶݽǿ֮С
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Ʒʱںֱ׷һͷ­ն
һҲû궼ȼ֮ء


2517 ڱ
۶ʹ֮УƷ˼꣬ŵ˶һá
ڴĻʳͺóһĵ˲Ŷһˡ
ƷʱڹŽͼš
֮˲Ųɵ÷׷׾̾
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Ž磬һǿĻߵ磡
ǹ˶û뵽ģңԶʷ֮У뿪ǰŽ磬ͬƷ㷵صģûгֹ
֮ǰʱҲûлƷ̶ֳȡ
ΪڳƷճǰݸ໥ǣƣûⷢչ϶֮С
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ڳƷճ֮ʵԵһƽݡ
ʵǿ֮󣬲˶׼ʼǿߡ
ʵǿԹŽǿȫʱ򣬻Ǹûκʤ㣬һ˿˿ʤ㶼ûС
κһ߳棬׾ٵƽݡ
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Ҳòп˵мָпҲм˷ܣΪ˴ޡ
֮УѾܵ˵Ʒܵ컨壬εĽ֮Уá
ڣӳƷĿе֪ǵĵ·Զء
˵һĺϢһ·һҲ߲ҲùǰҲûе·
ʲôֶδڣʣʱҲ˰ɣ
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Ϊ棬Ϊ٣ʲòɱĻߣĻ߱Դ
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ҲһҪҪĶ࣬Ҳһ޷ӡ
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˶׷׵ͷԭΪа񱳺վŵĴҲһһЩ硣
ڿǵĹͲԣа̱аʵʵҪݣһƾ͹ˡ
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֪Ҫа̸Ĺ֮ʧȥһУҲ֪жҪа̸Ĺ̵УԸ
ƷʵҲΪа̵ĸ˸ĻԼȥõԴ֪ҪѶʱ䡣
Ʒǿųа̵Դڶʱھ׼ʾء
ڿ϶һƬѪȷ磬⵽Χĳ̶ֳҲһаನӰ졣
ⲻĳһ֧ľӣһ֧Ӿɨƽˡ
˵Ǿ˶һţ϶ҪһȺˡ
ڴǸʲôµĴɱˣ˶ɱˣӦҲܿŰɣ
æ˵
һݣʱҲӦ˹ôӴһ֧ʾǷӦٳٶҲܿ췴Ӧ
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޷ѾˣҴ֮ڲһ󷨣סݵ꣬һʱҲݣ
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ʱ䳤ˣ¶ڣǶʱڣӦǲᱻ㵽
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ʲµģǾͿ˵ȫȫڸеټ赣ġ
ƷûֹҲܶݵڸǹȥ


2518 ʾ׼
ʵʵζʵ֮У²óһû׻ôǿ˫ʵϵĲر
ʱһܹεʱ䣬Ҳô̵ʱ䡣
ôʱ䣬Ѿ㹻ˣΪʱƷҪ뷽跨ọ̈̄ͻƴﵽߵľ硣
ﵽˣô㵽˵ʲôҲκβ
ﲻĻô¾Ҫ׷ɱˡ
֮ǰŪŵһ̫ϳϣаַŪġ
׻ʼҲֻ㵽̶ֳȶѣƷϾɽͼػģܹһ̶ȵ
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ʱ򣬶׻˵ƷֻһСһ׼ʵ׻ʴ󶯸ɸꡣ
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ЩаѾȫȫϴˣԺֻ֮аʵĴڣڱĿԡ
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ڣл߶Ҫ˶Լ֡
£ôһ֧ʧ٣Ҫǲ޵˯Ųء
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Ϊ֮УʵǿҲ׼صĻʾԶء
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Ҳһλʾ򣬼Ҳκβǡ
ǶڳƷһ˽ģȻףԳƷԸһİգǲ˵Ļġ
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뵽϶ɵ¶˼־ϲӵ顣
׼ʾҪʾǷǳѰɣôҲûͻƴﵽ
ʵ
ǵģѣص壡Ʒ漴˵һ£ΪʲôôŶûа취ﵽʾ
˵ڲ֪е׼ʾܹ֮ʾģҲûУΪǵ·ضˡ
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һͬʱҲΪЩŵĸδķչ
νһʯ
ƷҲмأΪǵĵҲʴĵҪͻƣ̸ס
ҪͻƵĻֻܷϹޣΨˣϣͻƵߵľ硣
Ҫ־ɲǷͬСɣ
ҾˣҪϹޣʱһ˵
ҲϹޣ˵ͷ֮󣬱Ͼ޵ʱҲҪػ


2519 ɻʹؼϵ
˶޵Ĵ㣬Ļǰ֮
Ǿţţ
˭ֲ̤ʵľ磡
ٵʱҲδرǿĶȥ
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аʣ
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аͬɥ֮Ȯһ㣬аҲ
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ʵϣаʵĸѹͲʲôа̣ԼֻҪаʻһ죬ôĸͻһ졣
±Ĵشȡ˴Ļ߱Դ˵Ǹаʡ
ʶɶаʵľ衣
һŵĻߣΣһ޴в
˵аʵǣƷأֻһû߶аʵΧҲһʱδػᷢ
ڸǳ˳ƷĻԵ

Ʒ˵ͷ˵
֮ǰѾյ˷ǿаʵӰ˶ѾȥˣȻĿǰû˵л߼ĸǰһ׼ȥĿǺܶ࣬һ׼ϵĸ֣
ƷĻʱ˷׷׵һ׼ϵĸ֣κһ׵ĸݣ˵һȺˡ
ĺݺ͹ģҲˣȥ
һҪȥô˼һžµмֵǡ
ô׼ѣԳƷʵұ֤һʧ
аգǻ߼ĸֳ֣Ļη壡
ƷңҲΨˣסʵߣϾ׷ǵʧ
ҲõңһұҪȥܲƷҡҡͷ˵ڵΪѾվ׼ʵ۷壬ҪڶʱͻƵߣɲһ򵥵飬һȱҲҪһ֣ɻҪһƬ磡
һƬ磿ǶЩ˽⣬Ͼɻʶ˵ɻǷǳңԶ顣
һƬ磡
Ʒ˵
Ȼ˵Ҳó˵һ£Ϊʲôǿô
˷׷ҡͷǿ֪ģǻΪʲôǿûġ
ƺԹ߾ôǿûȥΪʲô߻ôǿ󣬻ߵǿӦô
ܼ򵥣ΪǺϵߣ
Ʒ˵
еһĵز֮ȻҪʼ۳ʵ壬ȻǲǵһѣؼĲǺϵһƬڱԴ״̬ûȻչ͵磬ԼĴУǺϵ
ϵ֮󣬾൱ΪһƬصִߣν޾ģôضǻǿڣ
ȻϹţɵ÷׷׵ɴ۾ԭΪʲôû˳ɵΪǵĵѹ֮⣬ҪҲһƬ磬ϵ
磬Ȼǿ٣ѾƵѾټ
ҪϵȻ硣
һƬģûз磡
磬̫ʱģǸʱسδȶϹʱھͺĶˡ
ٵڣҲˡ
ҲûŹܻĴڣҪҵ֪ҪѶʱ䡣
ƷûʱˣҪľһ취ȡ磬аʵȡ
ӡ̵Ķаʵĵ
аնɱ֮ĨȥĵƷͿעԼĵһƬ绯ΪԼ硣
е
֯ĲûʵģȻǿᣬҲޡ
Ȼܹǿ磬ΪǸ־ͿԶıԴ֮
ԸµĴڣѹĴڡ
ǻǿ֮ĸԭ
ӱ˵ǾѾͨˣһĶС͵
͹Ž磬ϹʱڵǸ̹Ŵ½һĴڣֻǹģҪСĶĶˡ
Ǳȴûʲôֱ
ͬһС˾ִߣСĹ˾Ҳȱ˴򹤵Ҫǿ
οǱǴеٮٮߡ


2520 ݣڱ
ܺϵͲĥƽеĲ࣡
ߵǿ󣬱ڴˣ
ƷҪ̵ʱͻƵʾǱȻ֮·
ҪѰһδ磬Ѿǳˡ
ʵĳͻǰ£ƷѾǱѡ
ôǰҪɱаʣ
£뷨˲
ǿ׼ҲڷѰаʡ
аʣаѾҲûʲô˼Ҹȥаʵ鷳˵Ҫɱаˡ
Ǹǰˣ붼룡
ȻڲͬаʱӶ˴߱ԴѾ˥ˡ
˿ѾɥʧΪߵϡ
˶ҪͨɱаʣͻƳΪؼһ
ûδ磬ǻɱаõĺôĺô
˵Ĵ߶аͣ˵ɱаʾܹĺô
ҲǱƵĸ·ǰɱаʣаκεĳ·
ȻѾȷشаʣȻ˭֪аʻ᲻ʲô۶ӣκһߣôضǲΪġ
ЩԼҲǻߣһ߻ж߿ѾҪ䣬Ҫеʱ
ʱܸһ飬ǵҪһʱĻһ顣
˳ƷĽͣɵЩпû뵽ǿͬаʣȻ³˭ܹ뵽ء
һΣаڽӣ׼ʶҪ׷ɱԻϵĻ߱ԴһƬδε磬ĻߣҲԲȥƷ˵ֻҪϢɿͱɣȲ˵жʵԸһ׼ʣһץټ֮󣬿߶Ҫ֣
ʱ˶ʶһ㣬аһڽˣһεΧˣаʲҪĸ֣лĳߡ
ȫ¶ҪǻߣҲһҪ
ʲôǽƣʱ򣬾ǽơ
ʮǰݣưһĻߣھѾ³
ھҪȥεͷ
Ʒ˵
ٺ֮󣬳ƷͿʼ˲֮·ݴ½һ󷨰εض
ϵԴ߶ĿҪõĵرϽɣûʲô顣
ǴĻʳһڸ߲㣬ϵĸ֣Ҳ֪һǹϵݵ
Ψп޴󷨽ڱΣܶʵơ
֮ǰ飬Ҳ׵׵˽⵽Լ¼֮Ĳࡣ
µĳһ֧ܹ׾ٵĽݸֻһ־Ϳ
˵ˣֻһָͷܶݵء
ҪǸպ˷صĳƷһˡ
ʱȥΣ֮£˶ͨڳƷָĵص㰲һ󷨡
һռݷԲĴεض죬ܿһһĽڱ
֮УʣµȺһγͶʣҲŭдĻʳĸ֣Ѿ״ɢˣʣµҲȦΪĸӹ
һλѾǱסˣһʧߵ³
Ͳͬˣһβûвͽʵ֮УȻΪҲʵĶ֮һ
һΣĻʳҲûжһνѵ֮󣬴Ļʳٶ֡
֮ǰûΪ֪Ȼֲ֮ĸ֣֮ǿ
Ȼһε飬˶ˣݲģ㲻ǿ
Ҫδѣ屻ɢȦ֮⣬Ҳɢֱ𱻲˸֮Уǳ׺ںϵһ
ɪɪзŭȴұ¶ȴ˵ºʵࡣ
׼ʣһ׵塣
֮лһֲĳƷ
һսȻûв룬Ҳ˹սֶԶԶĹսʱ׼ߣһĻʳĵ۶ֵס־ͻźľߡ
ݣû˾ֵܹס޷Ǿֵܵöѡ
Ȼ˶û뵽ǣ·תƷع飬Ȼ׵Ļɱޱ޾ȻƽЩǰǿС
忴Ѿޱǿ׼ǱƷһһ׾ٵɱˣ˵ЩסƷһ
»عĳһ˵ʵ£Ҳס˺壬ͺĺϲ˳ɡ


2521 
˳Ʒ֮һݵϣԵø˳
϶ûʲôѶȣǺҲã壬û򣬶ùԹԽʵ
ʵǳƷչֳʵ̫ˣ׾ٵĻʵĴ
ڸ鶼׵֮󣬳Ʒ뿪ݣ֮С
һ·һչ˼ǰ
ǵģ˳Ʒ֮⣬һ˼ҲһˣڳƷʱ˼ջǾųƷǰǿա
ϾǷˣζһҪǿĶ࣬ʵڲҲ˼ɽͼĿռ֮УгƷıû̫Σգ֮лҪȫĶˡ
ǿյ·ô˼һǿչ·Щ·ܹõģǿԼĸ֪֪õǿյ·׼ʵĻӦΪһ·ܾǿʮľ룬׼ʾ綼Ļܸ֪õôԶľ롣

Ʒ˵ͷ
ҪȥĲǹŽ磬Ҫȥ磡
磿Ǹʲôط˼꿪˵
аصĵطǳǳĶӣǵϹű֮ǰһսߵսеģǱߵķǳǳŤŤ˷Ϳռ䶼˶ϲ㣬׼ʸûа취ͨĵزƷ˵˵ǱߵѶȣǳߣԲű֮Ϊ磬ǻҲ̤ǱߣΪǱ߽սսԻкܶսĺۼǿĺۼڣشߣ˵ȫ»һطܹаʣҲȻˣ
ЩǳƷڹȥЩ֮ѼϣЩҲֻèУͬʱҲѼ˺ܶϡ
Ϊŵʵļ䣬һ֪ҪʲôܹͻƵߡ
һͶаϵаδε硣
һѼ˺ܶϣͬʱҲڵȴΪ֪˱еҪа
ǾΧаʵĴߣֻҪûдģаȻܺãҲסĴߵ̽顣
аʳֵϢνǷзǿչ·ڣֻ׼ϵĶ֣Ѱ׼ʶкܶС
а̫̫ĺöͬʱ˵Уͬʱųɻʵܣ˶۰Ͱ͵Ŀɻʵܡ
߰ɣǸϽߣȻȵɱаʣǾˣ
Ʒ˵
аĶƷǺȤȤĻаһƬδ͵硣
ҲţҲǺܶĿڡ
һº󣬳Ʒ˼ͨǿչ·硣
Χռϲ㣬ϲ㣬׼ʵεģܹԿĶϲ㡣
ֻл߲ܹ飡
ֻܸ֪Ĵڣ׼ʿʵĿĴڣҪӰ취Ǹܵġ
׼ʲõķԼ۶ɵķԼķķ֮ս
ֱͬؼķͿԣؼ
ѾӴǵ뵽ķĲ棬鷨
ԭ˽ˣǵһĻʱ򣬻Ǹоʮֵ𺳡
Ʒ˼Ҳûипܾá
׼ãСĵ㣬ʱش򣬱ⱻͻȻϲķ˵
Ʒ˵УЩϲķһһСľͿܻᱻֱնΡ
ţ
˼˵ͷ
̤һƬ˶ûѡֱ˺ѿռǰַ̫ˣռ䷨Ҳˣ֧˺ѿռ䡣
ǻҵķռ䣬ֲֵε
Щֵﶼǵ֮УֻҷĻ˵ʲô谭෴ģΪǵ
Щǿߵǹƥ߳ȺӵĿƷ˼㷢ƴ
ʵ̫࣬޾Ʒɴֱ˼ɽͼ֮пʼС
аԴټ뿪ݣѾûˣ˼ȫԾȫС
ûжãѾͻƵ׼أҿʼ׼س
Ȼڵ֮УȻʲôǿսҲһǿԱ
УƷҲϵĽӽĺĵشֱչ֮һ⣬ȥ
𣡡
أһŭ硣


2522 Χа
΢΢𶯣
ûΧƷ֮еﶼЩʧ롣
Ʒ΢䣬ܹЩ֮׼ʶµҲῪʼµģ˻ߣҲûбˡ
ЩǱļһּΪͣûǵ۹ƽʱġ
ֻĩգѣƻ²ŻᵮЩڵΨһĿľء
ûǾµĶ²׼ʵĶ֣ҲȺӵĳЩ᲻ϵĽϢֱ޾׼ʣֲֿľ棬Ҳûκʤ㡣
Żᱻ֮Ϊ磬׼ҲԸ㡣
һλд׼㣬׵ԭ򣬻Ϊջ㹻󣬷ĻҲЩ׼ʶ
ģûĻӦаˣ
аʱͻȻֻǳʲô顣
Ʒԥȶ֮ٺЩ
ֱӳԶ˹ȥ
ʱѵķԻǰ֪۶ܹóĳ̶ȣʮֵľˡ
һ޴ޱȵӰĺĵش
ߣ֮ߣͬһ㴣֮䡣
ֱ޷ĸ߶ȣ
һа񣬻ңֲһ޷óʲôֲĴڡ
ֻóǾ޴޾Ƭ֮£ÿһƬƬȼ˺
Ψһܹǣؿڣһ޴˿ڣ˴˸ᴩ˺
ޱȵĿֲ
˿ڸ޾аһһŵʬ֮ȵȶڿ⡣
漰˱ԴĽ棬ǵʴսʱ˿ڡ
ǿͬаҲûа취Ĩƽ˿ڡ
˶ܹš
ֻаΪߣ̫ǿˣţһ˵ƣȻܹӲ
֮УһǿӰ˳ЩǸ׼ʣѾμĴµǿ֮⣬ڶɢޡ
ƷҲǵһο¼仹ôɢ޸֣лв׼ʾϵĴڡ
ֻƬ֮󣬳ƷˣΪЩֶˡ
ΪʲôҪ
ֻΪ˶ʮ׷ɱ
ڹŽ֮УʮҲ׼صĴڣӽͿܱǿܻڸָ飬ȫȫڷ
£ǲҲûбĿԡ
ʱĺĵȻڷżҵĽսЩаѪȻܿģЩ֮Уһ׼ʾа
Щаͺѯĸ·ַ˽춯صײ
·ָҸϵһ⣬ȫٮٮ֮еٮٮߣ±ſֲϢƴ󣬺纣
ЩһЩںЩµаڽ֣һЩǷĺаʡ
ǸָԱǳĿֲȫаʡ
Ǵʱаʣȴ޷ֻƾǿӲ
аʵͷϣһ˳ǹڵת˺嫵ܡ
аԳĿֲаǹ
аǹаʲ֪ɱ˶ٵ֣һаǹ֮ڱ˲֪ٵ˵ѪҲ˻ߡ
֮࿹һʯͷɢ޾ʯʯɢضһʯƴֹ졣
ʯʵʯе
ʯԳĻ
ҲΨʯеܹаǹ
ǳʯе֮⣬һɢҫ۹âڣϸһһ治֪ʲôƳɵᦡ
һߣʵᦣ
ҲԳǿ
ʯеڿסаǹ
Ϊǵ˶ûǰֻƾʯеᦱѹסаǹ
ϾаȻشǱڣͿƾаǹһжסʯеᦡ
ͬʱƷаʵϣ޴ޱȵɫɽεѹаʣаʲöĻЩ׼ʿ»治аʵĶ֡
аʵ֫ͷ­ͬɫɽѹס
֮ɽ
ɫɽֱǿ֮ľˮ
ҲΨлʱѹаʵá
ֻǳƷЩ֣ȻߵĻôû׻ʵĻء
бԭ򣬲ȻҪ˵Ĵ֮УǣͷΧаʵ׻ʺаʵĶԹġ
ӦҲаѱĲŶԡ
Ȼ׻ʲûг֣Ļûг֡


2523 ͬھ
Ʒ֪ʲôԭ򣬲֪ǣһΣаʿڽӡ
ŴȻûһڳǻȴȻڳʱܹ۷սȣͬն
ڶʱѹסаʣǿԵģ
аûʱȥ˻ָֻܱĺ
˿ڿޱˣֲǣԻߵʵǿ˵Ѱ˿תۼͿԻָ
ȻѾȥʮ꣬аϵ˿ڷǵûлָһˡ
֪аʵܵˣǵС
ʱеĸֺĬģû໥֣Ƿֳ˲ͬӪֹ
Щµǿ߷׷תԼķŻѹаʡ
ʣµˣ߶Ըа񣬻ֱӱһɽһĹаʡ
Ща˵е㲻ʹȻôǵض׼֮еٮٮߣаҲܲˣͣķʹĺУϵڽһĶ񻯡
ƷףЩ˿϶Ǵ⣬һҪаˡ
ҪɱߣҲΨˣ֮⣬ûκʤ㣡
Ʒڰ֮Уûг棬ʱȻǳʱ򣬷һֱڳȴ
һȣһµʱ䣬һµʱ䣬˶ּͨȶķаʡ
˶ģûκ˲ͷһһаʣаʳΪǵ
аʵϢһһԶûгƷһǰ֪ôǿ뱻һϡ
׼ʸҲһһΪܹײٿص˵ġ
ǵľ߲̫ԶˣֶֻͨΣԴԴϵĲٿ
أɽ֮ϣһԼԼӰɫۣзܵת
˶ϳԼԼЩ͸ӰǱˣǴ˵е֮
аʣͬΪߣһķʽȥΪβ־ܣҪ㹶Ӳǻߵ棿֮Ŀڣȴ״硣
һķʽȥаһſֲ¶˼ֲ̳ЦݡһĵøлǵĴȴ󱯵ʴ˲Ŷԣ
ѵô㻹з̵ĿôĻҲһһҲ࣡
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ȥӴ޾ʬɽѪ֮ɱͲ֪ʲô棡
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ϧˣϧˣұ뽫һŪǻһôСģҽǵĲȫߣҲˣа̾ƺʮֿϧǼûһֳͬһ㡣
ʱʶ˲ãأɲǼ䣬аʵϱһɹɿֲааһааͬ˺ɨķ
ֱӳЩ׼ǿ߶ȥ
аǱƵ˼£ͬھˣ
аʣ㾹Ȼң
ʱ֮Ҳһŭ𣬵Ǹûãıûֻһ˲䣬һԪͱа
ֻƬ֮䣬ؼаһЩĸͳͳУֻǶ̶ʱѣѾͳͳΪ̣ɢӰ١
ЩһĶ㱾ʵزҲǿȾָģҾҪͳͳΪһᣡ
аʱһĴУһ˫ɫа͸¶żַͼֲãġ
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аϱ˿ֲıըЮŸа𣬳ϯȥ
׼ҽУѾΪ̣֮ء
׼ʼʵطûκô
ֻ׼֮еٮٮֲ߲ܹĹΪаϴ󲿷ֱըǱɽѹסɽˡ
Ǽˣըನ׾ٵĺɨЩ׼ʶأصߡ
Ǹ·ɢޣʧأһ˲ıըˣϵ׼ʡ
׼أأؾصĸ˵Ҳǲ
ƷҲһ˲䣬ɽͼסֲıըನ
ⱬըֻǵһѣ
аʲƵ֮лӴһȦһȦɢ
ס
ʱһ֮µ׼ŭһ
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ʱһοֲıըһɸӿֲıը֮ϯɽûа취赲ѹ


2524 սδε絽
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ֲıը𶯻綼ڷ𶯣ԭѾѣƻطͬһ㣬˷ȥ
ĳϯȥʱѾûֹܹ״̬֮µаʵԱˡ
˶ԱЩͨ׼ʣʱǺڲ˭֪аʾȻ˷
ȷʵϵһ޶аȷʵѾߵͷˡ
Ӷ˾Ļ߱ԴԸܻܾãͬģһѹЩһģûǰҲǲ˻ǰ
ΪҲǻߣȻ֪߼ǵһܹǷǳµġ
ƴһܽĳһߴ
µģ
ΨЩ׼ʻʲô֪׼ʵʵжϻߵʵ˾޴ʧ
ʱƴŹâҲͼѹаʣѹסаʵıըû˹аǹ
סһҲˡ
ͬʱЩ׼ҲڱƽĹЩ˶ڿʼȼԴֿһɿֲıը
˾󲿷ֱըನȻкܶʵȽ׼ֱ˿С
Ҳ֪ȥ˶ã·ֻȥһ룬Ҳ·ȥһô
ıը֮УÿŹһӣ·һô
ˣһţ
˲˼˵·޷ţԼȻţʵһ˼漣
£˶оԼܹ漣һĴڡ
ʱƺƵô׼ʣܹģ֮һûС
ЩͶ˵׼ʼը֮бһա
ʧ֮ԹȻо󲿷ֶɢޣлкܶ༸µ׼ʵģһʧ֮Թ
в׼أصĸֶʧһԱС
˶û뵽аȻôҪһǣҪס˾󲿷ֵ˺Ǿͱ˵ǻ֮һܻˡ
һǶ漣ˡ
аʶԼʣĻ߱Դ߻һԱͺһСԱԼǰûʲô
֮϶ƣˣҲ֪ҪѶԴʱ޸
ֻʧѾԹˡ
аǹаǹ
أͻȻ뵽ˣ֮ϣ֮⣬һǾаǹ
Ȼ֮Ưŵģаǹ
аǹƯڰ֮УʧȥˣֻǾƯţɢŵаա
˷ӦһɲǼ䣬Ѿ׼ʷаǹ
ɲǼ䣬Ѿаǹǰ

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أ
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Ǽ׼ʵ飬ѪѾ׼֮еٮٮߣϵ֮£ûκεʤ㡣
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һӾͱˣɽҲûа취ɨһƬΪͬʱʯеҲս֮С
ʱڰ֮Ѿ˾˵ײҫ۵Ļʵѹȵһ׼ʶòڽںˡ
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˶ڷĹҲû˸ղ໥ʱĬΪаǹֻһѣˣԼòҲԲñ˸ȥ
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£˭ûע⵽аԱ֮һƬ翵ģ͸Ʈ˳
δε磡
Ʒɽͼ֮Уķڵȴľδε硣
һڳ͵棬һּγ磬δһ״̬
δε磬Ҳ׼ҪɻʣҪĶ
֣
Ʒͷһͳɽͼ磬ֱӵδε֮Уһֻץ硣
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أڳƷɹʱһ־ŭţƷܵһɿֲϯ
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һɿֲĹƷĶҲһ£˳δεץС
ɹˣ
ƷϲڳɹˣһεıɹˣʾҲһ֮ңˡ


2525 Щ·޵·
ʱƷпתͷ֮Уһͷ֮еľޣһͷ޿һ㣬ֻͷһǡ
һϣпµڲ

Ʒ֪̾˭µһ󽫣ҪӾˡ
϶ǵĸ֣˵ʮ֣ôһжһݡ
Ϊ̫Ȼһϳ궼Է֮УԸû˻ѻҲȥ
ڻߺܻԾʵһǧ꣬ǧ궼û˵߸ջԾǺ顣
Ȼ˶ȥ׷аǹͬδε绹ӸȤһ㡣
аǹȻˣܹȡĻǺųƿԳΪ֮µһˣ
ʲôá
ڼ㲻ǻ֮µһˣҲǻ֮Ϻţǿˡ
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ҪǣЩֵı󣬻һֲĻߡ
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оԵţǵʵѾǻ֮¡
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ΪǵѹͲʲôѪ֮һʯͷôʯͷ࿹⡣
¡
˫ȭͷݺײһ


2526 ɱ׼۷ɱ
¡
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˵ΪѾ׼ʾأеٮٮߡ
Ȼʤһ˲䣬Ѿֳˡ
ֻһ֮ԭּӲޱȵֱۣȻֱը˿ȴƣٵֱۣը˿
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ڳ׼Ҳû뵽ֳʤȻô飡
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ǵأֱſΣյ֮УҲƽȵչ򣬲ᱻЩѵķӰ죬ⱾҲǾǿ߲ܹ顣
أʱ򣬳ƷˣǳķׯϣаǿoԻѹסһпֲϢ֮С
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ƷһȭɲǼ䣬ֱӾͺϡ
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ûпռ䷨֧֣ʲô˺ѿռ䶼Ѱ·
ǿᣬô
ǳƷôˣȻ˳Ĵĸǰ˺ķ
һӷӦƷһȭС
䣡
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ϱŽ뵿Ϊˣ綼΢΢
ɴ۾ŸոձɫĹâûԼȻô򵥵ıһȭˡ
ţһһı飬Ȼշֽ⿪Ƭɢ
ǳƷϴɫսһഥǣЩѵʬ׸ɽս֮С
սµĹâӳʢõ˼Ĳ䡣
һУ˵ʵ򲻹ֻǺ̵̺ܶܶʱѡ
ֻɲǼĹѾսˣ˳Ʒϡ
ض


2527 ɱ۽ս˫
ٶ̫ˣ
׼ȷ˵ٶ̫ˣ
˶ûзӦ
ڹŽ֮УҲǺպĴڣͬǶʵȴûɵġ
¼ǰʮ˵ǰʮһһϯ֮ء
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ǿɲͨ׼ʣͨ׼˵ΣյĻ˵ûôΣա
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۽Żâû˫ȭֱƷݺݶһȭ
¡
˫˿ֲսһԿֲĴڣѹ˲֪ٸʱľǿߡ
ˣƷ֮ʤҲͬ˳Ʒ˿̩ɽ
۽ˣһٶಽסΡ
ۣ
۽һѪ˳ûڲ֮У˫֮Ȼ顣
ʱΪʲôڳƷǰôĲһˣƷֲ̫ˡ
ʯһŽ磬Ƿǳǿƣ˫
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ܵ۽Ҫǽ࣬ȻͳƷȣ̫ˣֻǼ򵥵ĶԺ䣬۽ͱ顣
˫ۣҲǸָѷ죬˿·ǼĴһ㣬Ϊֲ
һֲս
۽ֵĿųƷ֪Ʒôģͬ׼ʾأսͳƷֵز֮ΪֻһͳɵҲǳƷĶ֣˭Ķ֡
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ţ
Ʒϳˣ˲Ǳˣŵͷϣǿɽ˸ɢѹһԼĪģӡ
зݻ̾ܣתΪˡ


2528 Ĳ
ٳƷ׵Ļɱ˵۽֮۷׼ʼս֮С
ߵսʵû˿Щ׼ֲɵӣһɨߵһоͶ֮С
ȴ׷аǹûһҲߵսġ
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׵ĺɱɱ˵۽
ֱǳɱ񣬼ʣҲδɱ¾Чʣ
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ΪʿɱǣƷҲͬɱǣ
׵ɱǣʲô
Ǽ㿴սҲҼаǹǵߵĻ޲øϽ뿪
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ţ
һʵǷ켫ڵ۽֮£϶ǰӣȻУǻҲͬƷ׾ٵĽԷɱ
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ʱǶͷϣҲͬڲϵתɢžС
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뵽иӷŭɲǼ䣬ֱӻΪΣһݳªӣһ˳ǹǹϵ޾Ϣ
ǲǱģͷϵĶݻɵĿֲǹ
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ʱʶ˲ãƷȻл֮ǰȫû뵽ģ֮ǰɽͼȻڱӻųƷǲδȫӳȫ˵ûҪȫĳ档
ΪƷϵɽͼֻ׼ѣ˭뵽ƷȻôײУϻһһֲ
ᦱɽͼסһ˲䣬ƷٶȳˣϣĹâ˺һУֱӴ˶֮С
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ںͳƷĽ֮У˴Ҳǿᣬ޷۽Ტۡ
ֻһȭͱֱ۱ըӵ˰壬Ȼ׷ױѣʮֲҡ
ɴӡ
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룡
ʱһߣһж


2529 һ޵·׹̾
һ˵ʵֻɲǼ飡
쵽ûзӦĵز
ô̵ʱ䣬ôҲû뵽ô̵ʱ䶼֧Ųס
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һΪȲƷô̬ᦵĴڣȫȫĥƽֳ࣬Ʒս
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һζûٶըѿֻԴһըˣȴûٻĴԱһӹᴩ֮Ԫһ˲顣
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Σһ·߿ݵôƷһЦ˵ôûܹΪµĻߣѵ㶼ûеԭô
һм𺣬ôûԭأ˶Ǵˣ̶Ȳʣֻʱˡ
һΣܾΨһһλᣬŲŹ
һ·޵·ˣ·һΨɱһѪ·Ƕҳɻ·ϵĵʯ


2530 ɱ
ʱ˳ƷĴˣ
ʯ
ͳͳǵʯ
ԳƷʱյʵ˵ʾʲôȱˣټһδε֣һ߱ˣֻ޵еƣ
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뵽־ޱȼᶨҲɵõһ
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ʵϣ˶׼ʣƷʵǿĶ࣬Ҳ׼ʣʵϲûܹҪõĶȥ
˫ʵ϶ûӳʵܡ
ͨɽ飬ܵܣɽͼȴû飬ϹѾɢˡ
ȥĻڻĽ֮Ͽ϶һ
Ҫɽе顣
Ǿһʱǰռֱ˺˿һִֻ̽˳лץһ֮ĳ
һֻ˸ŵĹâ˸֮ɲǼ䣬ն
һķݣ̫׳ˡ
ٶ̫ˣֻǼ򵥵һնȴ
һն䵽ϣзҲһֱնޡ
ͬʱеĻͳͳը˿Ҳһն
ͣ
Ѫ罦ն˰ߵ壬һ̫ң㽫һնɱ
ˣҲһشѪˡ
ƷͻȻһ̫ˣûɽĻ壬ֻԱʵ⡣
ɲǼ䣬ͱشˡ
һɲǼ䣬·֮ɽɽͼĽ֮Уͳ׵׵·硣
ȫɽͼѹסˣ
ۣ
һѪʱֻǰãҪתߡ
ǰһѷ챻˺ѿһֻץ˳һն䡣
䣡
ٶȱ˳ȥ
䣡
䣡
䣡
ÿһκһ׼ʶԿɳȥÿһζܷɳȥ
ǿٱô൶ֱ֮ը˿ֻһԪжݳҪߡ
䣡
ձ˺ѿһâն˲佫һԪҲն
Ʒٶ̫ˣûиκηӦĻᣬѸײڶ֮ƽɱ
û˲ٿ֮ɽٺɽͼֱӻһʧ
أڴʱΪһг䶨ʱ䷢


2531 Уս
˶ΪһоҪ䶨ʱ
ձ˺ѿһֻ͵һ˺ѿ˿ռ䣬гųƷķ
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رѣһ׼ǿ߷׷׶һֲֿϢͬһֱϯ˿
һֱֵֻס˳Ʒ˿ֲıըһַֻ·ץأبŵ·һħӻ֮иһ㡣
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Ʒͷϣɽͼڲϱһ˵ĹâһֶֻԿ
⣡
Ʒ˺üȫȫסΡ
ɫһһףѪ͸
ڸղһεײ֮У˿ˡ
Щ׼ʿһĻûƷʵӹɣղһս˲࣬һ⣬¼Ĵڡ
ǼԳƷʱɲһóƷ˶
һֻֻɽͼ£Ȼˡ
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˾һ¼ʵĿ϶ǻߡ
ֻǲ֪һ߳ˣ
Ʒ֮ϵһֻĴ֡
׻ʣ
Ʒһֻ֣̾ϳһֵֻ˾˭
Ϊһֻ֮ϲŵǿŵķǶһĵ׵ķ
ҲǳƷͷһοܹ׵е̶ֲֿȵĴڣ֮ǰĵ۽ȻѾ׼֮һһǺ׻ʱʵ̫Զˡ
ͬһϵĴڣ
׻ʵ׵ѾıԴһһ̧㣬Ī
ܹߵģҲֻлߣܹܻߵģͬҲֻл߶ѡ
˳ƷĻŷӦ⾹ȻǴ˵е׻ʡ
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Ҫ֪Լͨһɽ׼۷ĸֺɱ׼۷ĸлҲԽش޷ٶȶһЩˡ
ڻ˵Щûκβ
϶ѣֻЩ֮УЩǿһЩЩСһЩûʲôѶȡ
ϾȻûԼһ
ʱѷһͷһ˫޴Ӹ˳˳Ʒʱ֮˼Ĺâ
û뵽Ȼ㣿׻ʻǵóƷ׼ȷ˵Ǹʱ׻ʵƷѹҲʲôֻƸĳ϶ѡ
ЩϻڻңΪŹʱҲȫûƷΪŹ׼ûһǧҲа˰٣ܹ׻ں
ǾôһѹϵĴڣھȻɳ˿ɱ۽ƻĲ֣ԶȡаһƬδεĳ̶ȡ
չ֮ǰһֱϣҲڶʱڷ֣пܱƷóѡ
뵽һ˫֮иӵı䡣
һֻϣȻ򣡡׻˵
ҲԻ
Ʒ˵
׻ʣˣڳΪ֮ǰҲԼ˵֮һȻԴϹĩִѹߣűڻʵ֮⣬ֻΪЧ׻ʣѵ㲻ÿɳô
׼ʶ΢΢һ䣬ԹûܹΪߵ飬ǲһ֪˽⡣
еĻҪ˵һ֪Ȼǲܵġ
ֻǵĶʣʵ̫ǿˣûʷսȴûһܳɹġ
׼ƺͻʵֻһ֮ңȻȻսߡ
֪Լǰ·ϣװƣ֪
ֻΪеıʲΪ˳ô
˶Ѿĥ׳־
ɳôϾϣ죬ĺͷˣ׻ЦһЩںܶ˵ǲܣҲûҪ͵˼
ϵαع˼ɵϵ뷨
˵ʱʱ죬׻ʳˣһȭͷͬһݺݵ涼Ҫһȭͷ顣
ڳе׼ʶоһɿֲϢѹҪ
ֻǻߵһڳ׼Ƿ׷׺ˣʵСһЩɢ׼ʸӳ˼ŸͣⷽԲһƬĵΪս
䣡
Ʒָȭֱӭһȭϣ춯صײ


2532 ǿ׼
䣡
ֲıը˲ǿֲһȭɲǼ䣬ͽ䴩
ڻʵ˵䴩ֻǳ
ʲô
أ
Ʒֱӱ˳ȥݺݵ䵽˵ϣһղ׵ĺЩ׼һ㣬ûʲôѶȡ
ۣ
ƷһѪ˳ͷϵɽͼһƬ罫С
ں׻ʵײ֮У˴
ȻֻȼߣԶԶ
Ʒ֪ԼĿǰԱȼͨĻߡ
Ȼ׻ʵʱȴûκεôΪ׻ʵǿ̶ȣڻ֮УҲǳ͵Ĵڡ
ȼͨߵ׻ǰȫȫ
˵ߵǿȫλǿԶԶֻǿô򵥶ѡ
Ƕڷ̶ȣԪǿ߶صƿأԶԶ׼ǿ̫̫ˣһϵĴڡ
û뵽֮УȻ࣡
׻Į˳
ֵܹزȷʵֵýˣҵǰûκβ𡣡
Ʒѷһߵ׻ʣֻǿһֻ־ʹԼ޻֮
ԼΪʵ׻ʵǰʲô
׻̫ǿˣߺ׼֮Ĳֱ࣬һĴڡ
ûбİ취ֻƴˣ
ƷĿǰ׻ʣޱ֪ĻѾˣ׼ȷ˵Ѿûˡ
ҪߣҲܵģɽͼĻҪ׻ʵǰߣҲǸûκʤġ
׻ֻһֻ֣ѹס
Ψһİ취ҲʾΨл߲ܶԿߣΨл߲ɱߣΨһİ취
ʱԺ֮еֱڵһƬδεҲʼݡ
Ҫս֮ͻƳΪʾڱ˵ֱǲܷ飬еʵļ䣬ټĸδûлᣬԷһ
Ǿʱһֻȭͷ׵ֱƿɽͼ磬ֱӳķ
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ɲǼ䣬¶֮һƬ类ֱӺ飬Ǹ޾Ի͵ȭͷҲ䵽˳Ʒϡ
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ѷһͷ׻ĮɲǼ䣬ȭͷͬһ㳯ųƷ˹
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ıըҪ統ıЩ׼ʿһĻֱͬ˹һǼֱ
ߵĹȻܹôֲ¶׻˵ֻͨǶ˵ȴʲôȭͷĶҪ£ҶҪʮϡ
ֲĹ֮УȴˣƷڷķͬԾκ˵һСȻʮֵѣȴӭ粫䡣
Ϊ֮𺳣ƷʷΪֲĴڣȻ׻ʶսôá
ǵĻκһιǶܽ
ǳƷܹܹ⣬˵ͷɵðһͷƷĻ˵лͻƳΪߡ
Ϲ֮ΨһĻߣ
ϾͰ뷨ˣΪ֪Ǹܵġ
׻׻ⷭĻôܺ׻࿹⣬һԶûС
ӵ߻ȥҲ׻ʵ׷ɱ
ǻΪֲ֣
ɱ
޾ıըУƷһŭֻѾڣڷƮɢÿһƤ͸ѪƤֱӸѿ鲼ȫôޱȵĿֲ
ܹսûбѪ˵ѾǷǳǳˣ޷
ʣһԻ͵Ĵսֻ»ܶܶꡣ
һΣ׼սߣûбǻֱһ
Ǹֻһֻ֣ûȫ˵ѾˣǵʿҲҲȫ޷Կɡ
и˵Ʒǿֵزһֵֻ׻ʸˣѪǻܹǿ󵽺εȳ̶ȣֱ
Ʒʵ̫ˣֱ۶Ѿˣֻʣ֣ڿ⡣
ֵܹڣƺѾǼˡ
أ˿ƷȻһһıѿ˲仯Ѫ⡣


2533 ɻ
ֳʤô
˿һĻɵ÷׷̾һ˵Ҳ֪ǸϲǸñ
ȻƷǺȫȫͬȫȫжԵģǵҲǱһЩϣġ
Ǿ׼ʶԿߣѾ˥֮ĻߣֻһֵֻĻߡ
˵ǸģǶڳƷ˵пܡ
Ǵûôǿôֲ׼ʡ
һֵܹ֮ز
ȫԳƵǹǿ׼ʣ
ǿ̶ֳȵĳƷҲĻǿ϶Ҳûʲôϣˡ
Ȼ˵ֻл߲ܹԿߣǳΪߵļʺεãƷʵѶȻҪĶࡣ
Ʒʧܶ˵еˡ
أǸ̾ʱըѿѪ֮УһŽⱬ˳˿һŽ֮УһӰͣ˳
Ƭ֮󣬾ֱӱ仯Σ˶һǸȴǳƷ˭ء
Ȼûͷɵͷޱȵ𾪡
أʱǷ֣ζһŹĳƷ³һƬһƬѪ⣬ѪԽԽ࣬һʵȻ
˵ԭĳƷѾǹǿֲ׼ʵĻôڵĳƷƺѾԽһߣѾʼǸǰ
ǸĪǣ˵еĳɵ
˿أͻȻ뵽һµĴ˵ڹϵ񻰴˵֮Уڳɵʱ򣬶ȥеΪԴ۳Լ
һ֮ǰȫȫͬųǵ
ͺĳЩСĴ˵Уɽ߻ȥԭΪһ
ԭǸһɵ֮ȫͬǳɵ֮ԪǸԪΪģΪǿΪشǵ塣
˵еıϵһԾǨĻôһδͨѪ֮Ϊ˵壬ǾһεԴԾǨ
һεԽǰҲὫߺ׼ʳ׵׵ֿ׼ʻΪƵѪƺǴ˵еһʽ顣
شΪһĿֲ
ֻѾкܾúܾöûͻˣڻͻʱѾΪ˹ϵĴ˵
ѷһͷ׻ƺҲѾʶ˳Ʒڽʲôɱ䣬һߣȻ͵һһȭֱӳųƷǻδȫ϶ɵ˹ȥ
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һ޴ޱȵĺ˺ȻǣƷѪ⻹󲿷ֻһƬŵֱۣסһ
˫ײĿֲɲǼ䣬ͽռ䶼Ʒ׻һȭȻҲ˿ĴƷ赭дĸ
ƷҲûγɵḶ́Ĵ֮ϣѪ⡣
ǳ׵ȥԭΪ˵飬һǰδеʽĴڡ
ȴһ㶼İΪڵʵļ֮УѾ֪ˡ
ͻʱҪһһŹʱԪѾΪ˵飬۶ɵʱ򣬵Ѿۼɡ
Ѿɵˡ
ܹоһһһֲֿĵزδӴģֻڵʵļ֮вŸܵĿֲơ
ͬʱҲоԼĸ֪ǰδеĿ棬Ͼ죬¾ģûһܹùġ
еķǰǰѾǼ򵥵磬ԭ׼ʱֻǿķǰδеǷǳļˣһĿȻ
㲨һ㷨򣬶ĪĹ
ǻ߼ͿԴӷ֮нóǿ
ؼ̺޾ֻƽʱǿҲûа취һƾŷ򣬿׾ٵĴ⡣
׼ȻҲǺͻߵĲȣʵ̫ԶˣͲͬһϵĴڡ
ͬķҲпȨ޵⡣
ߵĿȨҪԶԶ׼ʣͬķ³Ʒóģ׼ΪķģƷҲ׵Ĳٿ׼޷ٿء
ǻߵǿǿ˲˼飬
׼ȫȫ
⣬ǻߣ
УƷҲڴӵһ¶ʲô֪ĸѧеĶ㣬Ļߡ
ԵʣҲƽȶԴ
ôܣѷһͷ׻ʷŭ֮дżֲ˼飬ż־֡


2534 磬ʵ֮
ɲǼ䣬رɫ
˶ܹо綼һϵϡ
Ȼ䣡
˶ܹܵؼһֺƴϵϢ
ֱɢ˿Բǧʮϲϵɢȥ
ߣ
ڻߵϣ
е׼ʣǵһʱ䣬ȥԼԸȥǹȥĤݻߡ
˶˵ϣޱ𺳣
ɻˣϹ֮󣬾Ȼ˳ɻˣ
˶оԼ۶Ҫˡ
Ȼӵ˵ǴгɻʵĿԵģȻⶼˣҲûܳɻʡ
˵Ժ֮жһʽǾûܹɻʣ
ڣˣ˴һĻɻˣ
Ǽܵ£ɵˣ
ƷڷӿǿԴΪ
ʱ֪ˣ֮ǿȻԶʤ׼ʣͲһԪڵĴڡ
Ѱˣô̵ʱ֮ڣҪںδε磬ɻʣǲ顣
Ѷȼ൱ڸûǳƷˡ
еʵļΪֳɵĲο֪ҪɻʣҪô
ȻвͬеĹ϶һġ
ټǿڴĸԶʤѰ׼ʣȻߣһеһжѾǹȥʮ֮׼ˣҲһδεѡ
һоֻôһˡ
ڸͳɵˡ
һ̣ؼķǰû˿ܡ
ܶ಻óģδҲܿһ
óҲó׼Ҫǿ̫ˡ
κһߣȻڻ˵ܸóͬȻ׼˵κһ߶ģȱݵġ
֮ǰƷ׻ʵʱǰ㣬ѾѰߵǿȣǹδйǿ
Ҳ޷ֵס׻ʣܹ׻ʹУѾǳˡ
Ʒ³һṲ̆˻֮·
ͬӰƬһ㣬ԼǰطţԼҲߵһ
ߵһǰ޹ˣߵľ硣
ƷϵϢڷﵽ˻߾֮󣬻ûֹͣڷ
һѷĶ棬һ˫֮ҲֺȻ֮ɫȻҲȫû뵽Ʒڴﵽ˻߾֮󣬾ȻûͣЪ
뵱ͻ֮Ҳȫ
ǳƷȴ·ûмһ㣬ϵ
֤Ʒͻ֮ǰжôˣֱ񵽿ֲĵز
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̫ˣ
Բܼͻȥ
ҪҳƷĽ࣬Ļ»Ϊĸ󻼡
˵ʱʱ죬һ˫ȭѷһͷ֮к˳Խ棬ͬᴩʷһ㡣
ɲǼ䣬ֱӳųƷķ˹ȥ
ͳ׼һͻƣϾôҵƷʱ׻ʵĴ㣬ʱƷѳɣ׻Ҫɱǲܵ顣
ʵѾǳǿˡ
ȴԳųƷڹ̾ʱ򣬴Ľֱ࣬ĵ
ֻһĵ𻵣ԸƷɾ޴вȻɻʣǶԺĳɳɾ޴в
ƷֳԿ֮ˡ
ͷɽͼֱӷ˳ԽԽֱӽ綼˽ȥ
綼ɽͼ֮С
ɽͼܣƷ֮ǰʵûδܹȫӳ
ڲͬԽһʵȫȫӳ
ɽͼѾΪһ壬ҲֻʵϵĲࡣ
䣡
һ˫ȭֱӶ磬ɽͼȥ綼䴩
׼ʾʧ롣
û뵽ԼΪΪΣȻᱻ׻һȭ䴩
ʵϵľԲ࣬Ǽ
Ǽܹ֣֣߳߳Ҳ׼ʣп֮Ľ֡
ҲֻԻߵʱ򣬲Żᱬȫ
ǴʱҲĴУл֣߳׽£һնǳĴ˵
ϵǳһһŵһһ硣
һն硣
ԭΪԹʵǣǵĻ粻ǻǸϵ顣
߻磬ϵ˼ֱӿ׶磬磬ӷ߽⡣
ֻߴսĲ硣
ǲףһ㶼ûţǿԻ磡


2535 ս׻
׻ʵȭޱȻңޱȼ̵硣
綼ھҵĻζ·һӣ綼Ҫһ㡣
ǺεȿֲĹѡ
·ؼһУҪˡ
ǻߵܣ
һӶûмֲĳҲֻжԻ߲Żᱬȫ
ڼʶˣʲôǻ֮ս
׻ʵ˫֣磬Ҫ
վǱֵһЩʱ䣬ΪƷȡһЩʱ䡣
׻ʣóĲսôҾΪ
Ʒһ˫ȭͬĥһ㣬ֱӳѷ֮к˹ȥ
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һ޴ޱȵĺʱ·һ˲ͣˣ漴һɸӿֲһıը˳ڵ׼ʷĳԶӶݶȥǧﶼоȫ
Ҫӵ߻Ĳܹ뿪ôֲײ
һĿֲѷĹ֮бɢˡ
һӰе˳һ׳ݸ֡
ĻɢǿϢǿֲϢѹ졣
ŵ׼ʿӶ׷ϵĴڣ׻ʡ
ȻѾ֪һѷ챳˭ڿ׻ʱƷֱӴ˳лڼ
ôܣʱ׻ʻڣƺҲû뵽ԼȻᱻƷ˫ȭһߣֱӺ˳
ƷĹ̫񱩣ԼǵûֹƷʵԼǣ˳
ƷĻʵ̫ˣȻڲͣ
ֲֿǶ˾޴ѹȸС
䣡
ƷϢ˼£ǿϢ߻ģ֮һЩԵĽ䣬ҲԼԼĸ֪ĳһǿĴڵ
׻ʶֲֿ˽ģΪҲǻʵ֣Ȼܹס
䣡
׻ٶȳ֣ͬһ˫һֱӺ˳Ʒؿڡ
׵򵱿һ޴ޱȵ磬׽硣
׽˲ͽƷ˽ȥҪѹС
ƷЦһεضһɽһ㣬Ȼ͵һӳˡ
׻ʣˣѾû޵֮ˣһڹӲ
Ʒһѹû˿á
׻ȻᣬʵѾӣѾû޵е
ԳƷ½ĻߣʹøֶָΡ
Ѿû;ĵģΨлȥȥõĻȥž׻Ҫ˼Ψһ顣
׻ڣĻߣѾûκνͷֻҪøã
Ϲʱʵ̬ȣѾ˷츲صı仯
ǸʱǺ˳ɻʵ뷨ΪǿҪһΪ˵еҪ˵ľ
ͬһ㣬ĹǿĴڣ
˶ģԼǸܳĹ
Ͼÿһ߶ѹһʱоӢ֮еĵһˡ
ȻڣʮĻѾû۵ģ³Ʒĺߡ
ڳƷѾһȺڣпݹǡ
ôĵӣ
׻һĨЦɻˣÿԺƽƽôҲʲô飬ǰЩ꣬ǲŸոնɱаʣ
ƽƽѾûʸᲢˣƷ˵ڴն㣬Ѿ谭ǰ̫̫ˣʱĻˣ
ҵĻԲѣ
׻ʹЦ˵ãĳҲаһдĻ߱ԴͲǧ꣬ãɱ㣬߱Դǧ
׻ʵ֮ȡ
ɱаʣȡĻ߱Դ֮󣬾ͬǴ˶֮УһͷųеĶΪܹĸá
׻Ѿûʲôˡ
ɱңҵĻ߱ԴΪõôƷЦ󣬰˲oһӸ
oУʱ˿̣ѹΨһ
䣡
һ˲䣬ǳƷ׻ʣͬʱڳ֣һ˲䣬˫ײһ
Ӵײһ𣬵ضɽҡ
ʱײŤ
ߵײжôĿֲ֮Щ׼зȨġ
Ǽо¼ֲײһɿֲĳ˿ռ룬˲ͳ嵽ǵǰǳ˳ȥ
ۣ
ۣ
ۣ
׼Ƿ׷׵ɳȥϰսನ𵽣׷ѪҪɢ
ҿӴܶȥ


2536 ׻
һײѣ˶Կضһεײ֮бѡ
綼һεײ֮бıһС롣
һεײ֮УѾֳʤˣ
Ʒؿڱ˺һ˿ڣѪ
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һƷؿ˺ѳһ˿ڡ
׻ʵϣһӿֲȭӡ˳
Ʒһȭ׻ʵؿڶ
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˵һСģͿڳƷС
Ʒ̫ǿˣ
״̬֮µĳƷ˵ǰδеǿС
ոһײܾˣ˵ܵҪԶԶƷ
⻹ǴδйΪϹʲ֮УҲ֮еٮٮߡ
ڣʯʻԿʯһǿһϸ֮⣬Ѿ߱ʲôвĻˡ
ϵĽû¹˭
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һУ׼ʵУֻޱȵıΪǶܵһ㣬Ǿ׻ˡ
ָԽ죬ѪԽʢֻԽǴ۷塣
׻ȴȫϳƷٶȣֻ֤һ㣬׻Ѿˣϵûа취ϳƷٶȵĵز
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һϵĻһߵʱ򣬼㾳ȴҲòһ⣬˾ˡ
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׻ŭɶûзʱ˫ֿ֮ȣû䣬ǻָٶȱȳƷҪһЩѣⲻʲô
ɲǼ䣬ƷٶȳˣȻָƣƷ˹ûñʲôһ˫ȭõĻ
Էһա
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ԼԼƷԴпһ֣׻һѧĴףйء
˵Ǵֱݻ壬̺ŴԴ
ҲΪˣԵõֵ׻ʴһʼܹӴıʡ
ܹ֮ͬд޵֣ɱһѪ·֤ɻʡ
˵׻ʽּһŻһ̺׵ŻУ˭ܹһ֮Уܹõ׻ʵȫС
Ʒ֮Ի֪Ϊ֮ǰ֮еһʲôŵ
֮˶Ҫһ֮Уܹõ׻ʵĴС
ڣڳˣ˳ƷǰΪ׻ȡָʱ䡣
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ƷûԴУٶȳˣһ˫ȭٶȺš
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뵽Ʒһץԭڱ׼׷аǹɲǼ䣬ͱץС
аǹûа취̺һ˲䱻ƷĨȥˡ
˲ٿص£аǹǿаʶնɱаǹȻ޷ԿƷ׾ٵ
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ƷһֻһǹǹһǿааѹһУɲǼ䣬ͺײһ
¡
ϳѷ죬ǹ˲͹ᴩŶ
ͣ
űаʱᴩֱӱ֮С


2537 ׻֮ͬ
˶û뵽ƷȻô׵ķţ
аǹڳƷĿֲҪаеʱ
׻ʶû뵽ֻһ˲žͱˣֱֱ̺ӹᴩ
̶һǹ֮С
ͱƷشʱȫȫ˳
ûƷǰ׻ʣȴ׻ʱͻȻһӾͻָ˹
꣬꣬꣡
׻ʲϵĴһһڵĴ
׻ʸˣȻһθ˼Ĵۣ׻ԭģǱģΪ˥ϡ
˥ϵ˳ƷԴϸܵ˥ܵϢ˥ĿֲϢ
ԭаʵЩߵıԴָ۷״̬ڳƷһǹͽЩ߱Դ˸ɸɾ
аǹģȫ˵ֻء
ȻûҾ·
Ʒ˫ֱ磬׻ûͻȻָգһ׼ʿ˵Ǿʧ롣
ǳƷȴûκθоѾ׼ˣǻߡ
κ׻ʸ˵Ҳɱһζѣʲô˲õġ
Уɱ㣡
׻
źĻҪĴ׻ҲδԼ˥ĵز
һǿ̫ˣҲ̫ǿнֹû뵽ǣشϾ·Ļĳһ
һ˲䣬׻ˣеĻᣬ֮ϡ
УɱƷĻϣʱɵƷĻ߱Դһηǵе׬
ȻõʱûȣѾ֮ǰҪöˡ
ôҲֻ˰ɣ
Ʒǰ׻ʣ˼Ц
׻ʳˣָȭɲǼ׵ֱȭﵽ۷壬ǳԽ۷塣
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ƷҲֱӷϸ߿գȻһż̤ȥ
Ȫ̤
һ̤ɲǼ䣬̤飬ֲĻȪˮûһУҲû׵
ۣ
׻ʱɳȥһѪڸղŵײ֮У˴
˥һЩ˱Ͳ֮
׻¶˼Ϊŭ飬ƾʲôƾʲôƷôᡣ

ʱֵ쾡¡
˳Ʒᣬ֮ޱȵļʡ
ҲôᣬԽˣԽǸоޱȵļʣ֪ôʱ򣬺ǹңԶԺᱻ۸ֵزֱܴ衣
һ˲䣬ƷĹٶȵˣ
ָȭɲǼİ˲ֱס˰˷
ʱ䣬ռ䣬Уеķ򶼱׵׵סˡ
ţ׻ʾͿǿֲȭɨ񷣬ͬһž޴ϯ˷
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ۣ
׻һѪؿٶȱ̫˻µͿҪˡ
ЩʿһĻţ׻ʰʮ֮һͳŽĿֲڡ
ھȻ˵ôҡ
ҵЩŵ׼ʣֻоԼ۶Ҫˡ
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۷״̬򲻹ƷֶĲ״̬Ȼǲκε˳Ʒˡ
׻ʩչǰһָ˳¶˼Ц飬Ȼ֡
ԭʼĴ۳ĵ֣ÿһĵ֮ж̺ŴԴܡ
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¡
˿һž޴ĹâڱһУеһжʧˣռʧˣʱʧˣʧˣҲʧˣеһУΪС
׻ֻƷһֱֻҲֲıը֮ʧӰ١
ԳƷҲûа취ȫֱֵֵɵ˺
ǻ¶οЦݣȴƷһаǹ֮С
һΣҲûа취ָˣе
㡭׻û뵽Ʒô׵ɱ
׻ʵһһıѿ
еĴڱ
ضڰ˶ܹܵصһɱ⣬ÿһ߶ܳ顣
Ļ߱ɱˣ
ضǾ޴ʧ
¼䣬˶ڲǶû뵽ƷȻôǿƣɱ׻ʡ


2538 
׻ˣ
һϹѾϵǿˣ
ԴϹĩһս֮ٶǿĻˣ
һ˳Ʒĺ֮ϣ
ƷĳɻʵһսޱȵĻԻͣס׻ʶľɱͬʱ׻ʷɱ
֮ǰаʵͬаʿڼߵΧ֮жˡ
֪ߵǿǵʵǳĿֲͲܱɱ
ڳƷȴˣһ֮׾ٵĽ׻նɱˡ
ȻҲ̸ûƣһֱΪۣնɱ׻ʡ
ƶڻ˵ʲôǶڳƷǿĻ߶ԣǾ͸ʲôˡ
Ƭ֮󣬳Ʒһֱըֱ۾³˳ͬû˹һ
ȻһЩѪƬ֮󣬾Ѿȫˡ
ӲʱڳƷ˸쾡¡
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ȻŸոͻƽʵȴѾ˷ǳǳԶˡ
˵ȻոճɻʣȴѾн֮ǰʵ;ĸ
ΪˣΪոճɻʶСĻǾͻһ
ܹܵһһǿϢݷһ˫һ˫Ϊ̰۾ڿ
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ʮߣаѾˣ׻ʱԸɱڳ֮⣬Ӧûа˴߲Ŷԡ
ÿһǿϢı󣬾ǴһǿĻߡ
ЩǿĻÿһڸղų֣Ƕסˣûг֡
ΪǱղųƷɱ׻ʵƸסˣ֪״̬µĳƷǿ״̬ȻûǸӸҳųƷ֡
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߻ģ׼ʶ˳ƷĽ¡
ȻڲͬĽɣԻߣǵжԵĻߣҲκβ
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ƷһǣץаǹŵƬԼ׻ʲȱʬ壬뿪ԭء
֮УһϢ˳
ؼ¶һߣûԼĳƺţǱѾʡ
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ҪϴˣҪһȫµʱʱǳƷͳεʱˡ
Ʒ֣ڵһʱ䴫֮иʸ֪֮С
̫ǿˣջձǿƵδܶͳεʱ䣬ҪԷ˯ҲԺпܣ
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ûôʱͳƷ࿹⣬Ŀԣǳ˯ƷҲϣʱǲʱŻ
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ûа취ŽᲢۣ
Ʒ˹Ž֮󣬵һ飬ҲԼĵͳ
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Ʒᴫ´ͬʱݵԼ֮У˹Ž֮С
һΣݵ粻ٵ⵽ʵϮ
ΪǵıͬվһߣһһǿĻߡ


2539 ꣬쳹أ
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ΪƷĵϵȻҲɡ
ڳƷ˵ɻʲһеյ㣬һеĿʼ
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ݵУҲʹﵽ׼أڹŽȴ׾ٵе׼ʾأΪзƳ̶ȸͲͬն
ͬģЩʵǿһĸԭǱģ粻ơ
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Ϊ̫ˣ
ϹʱڣǸΪʲôԻͣΪĻǰ̵ĳ֣ǽݻ˼£ǳԽԭļ¡
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Ϊˣزŵһγ˲ĿԣҲ˶¡
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ﻹܹһõĵҲɽͼ޾֮С
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ϴԴȻǳƷԺ֮еˡ
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˵ΪڳƷĴĸ֮£ٵǶڴҲڷٵķųƷ
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״̬ŭЩڱǿĻߡ
ݷϰ̲֮סˣóƷȥ¶ҪƷ߸ˡ
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ƷȴҪһĻ֮Ĵһ·
ʣǷ˼ɻ䡣
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ûҵάؼܹάôķôֻǶϾ֮·ȴûпǵĿģûпǱĻ𣡡
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2540 ʯϮ
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Ǳһɢ׼Ƕһֻûа취
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ΪЩǿĻ߶ԣЩ׼ʼ㼯췴Σֻ»κһߵĶ֡
׼ʿԤߣʵֻ߶ѡ
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۴ĸǸ飡
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֪»ᾪһ۾Ҳֻһߣһ½ߵĳƷȻߵ뷨
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ʱ򣬳Ʒֱӳ֣һȭ˳ȥɲǼ䣬ѡ
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ߣһ˾ͱֱӶ˳Ʒʮ֮ڣһ㶼ûй¶ȥ
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ǻߵһҲûɢƷĿƣѾﵽ۷徳硣
һȭסֲ׵һ֮󣬽ųƷһֻץ˳ȥӭǣɲǼ䣬Ѿ֣͵һ˺ѿ˿ռ䣬ʱһӰе
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һ˲ǱˣĻ֮һʯʣ
ղһʯʯʵĳɵ
ҲΨǰǿǿ߲һ˲ƿǵķԵôֲһ
ʯʣƷһʯʣȻ󿪿˵֮ǰҴս׻ʵʱΪ֣ûֳ֣ˣĪ˰ܹԸô
Ʒ¶һĨЦݣڴս׻ʵʱ򣬾͸о˺üֲĻߵϢڿӣоһʯʡ
Ҳףʯʵ˴Լȵ׻ܾˣʱٳ֣ǶȡʯʵĻ߱ԴʯʶȡĻ߱Դ׬顣
˭룬Ʒǿƣ׾ٵնɱʯʡ
ǵı֮أڳƷʽפ˹Ž֮Щ߷׷˸뿪˹Ž硣
ȻѰ˲֪ҲܲΪȻڹŽ磬ǳƷȴ֪һ


2541 һһ
֮ôƷҲ֪ԭ򣬴ԼΪ˱ķͷ
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ֻ˲֪ϾʶԷʧǰ꣬ǳ˶ϰˡ
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ʯֳֻʯҲ˵Ķס˳ƷϵϢڲϵķӿƺڷƷͻȻϮ
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ɵ÷׷𺧣ƷĻһֲʵǾʯʵı󣬿»վĻߡ
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ЩǳƷδµҪֺ;ӢƷɲʲôˡ
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в࣬Ҳܴ
ҾһĲ࣬ҲԶԶȳƷҪǿŶԡ
ĶڴȻƷԶԶ磬Żᱻô׾ٵĻ
Լ类׵˺ѣȻ飬Ƕ֡


2542 մս
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类˺ѵϢģڳƷİ֮£ȥֻܿʯ类˺ѿ
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쵽ʯʶ޷Ӧٶȣһ˲䣬ʯʵֱըѿ
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һ˲䣬ʯʵԶ飬Ǿ״顣
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˵ô̵ʱھնɱʯˡ
İأȫĴ֮Уȥ֪˶Щ˵
ԭЩ֮ƣЩᷴƷ֮Уա
ɵЩ׼ʣڽ̻ǳɻ֮ΪԽǿõ˷ĳƷĳɳٶȣǵʮһٱࡣ
Ƕ̶̰ʱ䣬Ʒǿﵽǰδеľ硣
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Ʒ˺ѿǰĲ񷣬һֲĻ˵ǰ
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ÿһ϶ɢƣǸоǲһˣһ硣
߸ѹǶѹı
ЩûһãΪҲˣվսˡ


2543 ս
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ĳһߵͳηΧڵòģһǱҲò
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֮ǰ׻ʺͳƷս˷׷ױشⶼǰ֮һĿôܻ᲻ء
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Ȼ˳ʵ廯ս֮С
ͬһµıǵضȥ


2544 ޵У
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˲
ƷҲʱ˻֮У˲ʵǰָȭһȭ


2545 ɷ޵
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أ
һ˲䣬ʵѣըѿ


2546 һ
ʵԲȴձƷһȭ飬ô̫ײˡ
ʵըѿƷһȭУͷ·Ǳǧɽ䵽ϣԳסըѿ
ʵԪУҪߣǸ
ΪƷֳаǹֱӴ˹
ҪΪֻҪ򵥵һǹֱ̳Ӻʾ޴ͬһǳһԪ

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һ䣡
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׼ʿһĻɵþһ񣬴Ӹղŵս񣬰˴ѾʣµҲֻѡ
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֮ˣǰľˮֱӻ˲Ľͽƣͼ赲Ʒаǹ
һжûκôһаǹ̴ֱֽͬһֱӽнֱӴ̴žͶ֮
һ˵ʵ򲻹ֻһ˲䣬˾ͿƷһǹֱӶ֮
֮Ϊɽıըܵ˷ɣʱﻹܹ⣬ֱӴУܲסֱֲֿӵը˿
ɫз˲֮Ѫ֮бը˿ͬը̻һ㡣
ޱȵѤá


2547 ̫ʣ̫ʵļй
֮һǹУѣеԪ񱻶˻֮Уһҽ֮󣬱ΪС
ǲҽ¡
һ޷ĸоԭ߸ϣͬһĻߣҲһ
һҽС
һҲ飬ʲô
֪֮µ׼ںޣǵɽûˣͬʱҲ˼ҡ
û֮֮δ·ҲͲᱻնˡ
ɫӵĿŴɱĳƷʱƷѾ˴նɱˡ
ǿֲֶΣǺȻ
㽫гһգ֮ҲΪ˻ߣҲǳƷĶ֡
ƷԵȻ˥ϵĻߣ˥Ϲ˥ϣȻֻǺ̵ܶʱڱס۷״̬ûʲôġ
ھ˵ƷԵһ۷״̬ĻߣȻǿʱǻ
ûͬܶǰ㣬ȡսһһ㽫
ҲԭĳƷΨһʤ㡣
ƷıǮͬ۷״̬սƷսʮʱ䡣
켸ҹ֮ٽĥ
ȻǰǳƷûбܹɹֲǼֹ
ȻڳƷȴʵݺݴһƣƷûİ취Կ񱩶Կ񱩣â
ǿƵķһһĴ򱬣춨ϵ
һս󣬳ƷܾܿͻΪһǿߡ
֮УΨһһȷ¼ʮߵĿֲڡ
˼ɢ֮ʣڻ֮УսֲδΪ֪ˣһսûбѡ
ۿųƷնɱ룬Ҳûκһߡ
һ˲䣬ɽͼסĿռ䱻ֱƿһ󶴡
һһŮߴɽͼڵĿռ䡣
һһŮеģɢĿֲһߣǸŮԼĪʮ˾ģΪɢһ
̫ʣ̫ʣ
ֱӴ˳Ʒɽͼķ˲ǱˣǴ˵еλߣ̫ʺ̫ʡ
Ʒڵʼ֮оͼλߣϹ䣬λ߾ͷǳ
˵Ƿޣǳ磬ͬͬˣһ֮򣬶һ֮򣬲˫˫֤
֮ǰûܹ⴫˵ɹôŬУûа취ͻƳΪߡ
֮˲֪νĵ
ֻڣֲ໥ٽһɻʡ
ֻһַ򣬸ûκοܳɵ
֮Ƿ޾ͳ˵ʱس꣬ǷޣսͬˣǷͳεʱ򣬼ʶܶԶ֮
ϾʶǶ̫ʺ̫ȴôܺ࿹⡣
ǶķޣƷȴ£ֱɽͼסߵǰ֮·
ȻҲ֪޷õ赲ߣϾҲǻߡ
Ƕʱ赲Ҳǹˡ
ȽһԷնɱôʣµ˾ͼ򵥵ĶˣϿ˵ǴѶ
Ʒ㵹ʩҪսʱˣ
̫ʿڣ֮ȴǰž˵ɱ⡣
ۿųƷɱôĻߣ޵Уη̫ʺ̫ˣ˼ּɵ
Ȼ̫ʺ̫ˣѾ֪ûֹˣΪʵĹϵ֣ʿ鷳Ҫˣ
ֳҲкܶ׼ϳһԷ޵˶ɵõƷȻǿ󣬵һԴûʧܵķ޵ʱܹô
׼ʶ³Ʒ֧Ųȥ
ǻڻ񣬼Ʒܹƣʱ䣬Ѿˡ
ϻ˵ϹҲټھȻ䵽ĵزҶʵǺʧ
Ʒҡҡͷ˵
ܲȴ޷
̫ʺ̫໥һۣҲͳƷ˵ʲôϻ
һһһһңųƷ͹˹
ɲǼ䣬һɺƴģϵϢ˳
˵ĳʱ磬ִĻ֮УûбͻˣǵĹ֮УЩ̫ʱɫ
ޱȿ񱩵ģϢ
ֻתȻһֲ׺ɣĸо
ֱӳ֣ûκѧʽֱԶĸѹ
֣ѰһСıˣֱǷǳпܵġ
һûйɣҲûкۼԣѾﵽϵľ硣


2548 ۷սײ
ʽ򵥣ȴʮֵľˣһһͶ㣬ǶǴĹ޺޼ʡ
ֱ
һУ
һѰ߶Եֿ
Ʒӿ˿ֲ֮֮Կ
ײɲǼ䣬أ
ǧ֤ߡ
ǧ֮УҲǿ֣֮Թ֮ΪѣһɹĻ֮УҲٮٮߡ
̫ʣ̫ʵȻ޵С
ķ֮УҲǳǿơ
׷гɵߣµǿߡ
ȫͬķײһγɾ춯֮ƣֱӽ綼ҡ
˫Ȼƽɫ
̫ʺ̫𾪵ǣƷȻԿס˺幥ơ
ʱˣΪʲôڳƷǰֵôһˡ
Ʒ̫ǿˣǿƵľ磡
ƷҲ֪ôģôôֱֲһ
Ʒɻ㣬ʵҲһѣһʱȻѾɳֵزԼ֣ȻֻܺͳƷƽɫ
һû뵽Ȼɳز
̫ʺ̫ͬ˵
˵ʵǶԳƷһ˽ⶼûеģֻоһﲻ֪ĶðģͻȻһӾͳˣȻͳɻˡ
֮ǰһ׶ûС
Ƕʱ䣬ʵ̫ʺ̫ʶڳ˯Ľ׶ΣҲĴΧаʵʱž˹
֮ûйȥãֽ˳˯״̬
û뵽ǣûԷ˯ãƷͻȻɻˡ
ֱ漣
ǶԳƷûκ˽⣬ڲ˽ĹС
֮ŷ֣֮ǰڳƷɻ֮ǰ׻һսѼϣڿһЦ
Ϊûκô
û뵽ܺǴƽ֣пıǮ磬ܿ˵ģ
̫˵
ƽ֣˭ǵĴƷЦ
ղƴȫҲǺսƽ֣Ϊ㻹ʤô̫ʿ˵
ƴȫǼȫôƷЦΪ˽һս˺ܶ׼ȻҪȫӣҾǿƴȫӺˣ
䣡
һɸӿֲϢӳƷ֮ͷ˳磬綼ΪƷͷŵĿֲѪ𶯡
ղŵĳƷʱĳƷǿ˲ֹһ
֮ǰֻʩչԵķ򣬵ʿɲֻء
̫ڤ˵ʣʼսȵȣȫںϵһ𣬲ǳƷȫ
ͬʱݻ˳ս׽˰
ʱĳƷϢ˼£
̫ʣ̫ޱȵأ·𿴵ʲô˼Ĵڡ
Ʒʱ̫ǿҲֲ̫ˣ
ǿֲϢѹǵϣһϢһ־ĸо
ɲǼ䣬ڣƷˣ
һ˳ȥɲǼ䣬Ǹƻһž޴ǳǳȥһС
ɴӡ
һŷʦľѧ˳ƷνǻΪ棬ﵽһ߶޷ĸ߶ȡ
һ˲ͻ̫ʺ̫γɵĿֲ󷨡
أ
һӻ֮д̫ʺ̫˱˳ȥ׷׿Ѫ
ղŻܹͳƷƽɫȴ̰˳Ʒϡ
Ǵʱ׸ղųƷô˵ڡ
״̬µĳƷ۷״̬ʩչȫ
һش̫ʺ̫ʣֿ񱩵սסڻ֮еߣͬʱҲһͷŽ֮еһ׼ʶŵˡ
ƷսҲ̫ײ˵㣬̫ʺֵ̫ķ޵ԳƷʱ򣬾ȻҲǺ޻֮Ѿǳˡ
ƷһɲǼ䣬Ѿ嵽̫ʺ̫ʵǰ˵类˲˺ѣ޷赲Ʒ
ߵΪһڣΪһ޴ԡ
ʱ򣬱Ʒֱ˺˿
ƷɲǼ䣬ѾٶȺ嵽˵ǰ
ɴӡ
䣡
䣡
䣡
ƷɲǼֱĳǧٵֲķɴӡǳҪ
׼ͷһξҪľȫĹڳƷʩչɲǼ䣬ͷųǧٴΡ
¡¡
ֲıըֱӽ֮𶯵ӰֱӴӻ֮бص˹Ž֮С
˿̫ʺ̫ô
ֻǴʱ˵ѾǱˡ
ڸղһײ֮У㱻


2549 ʵ
ɲǼ䣬˫ѾǧٴΣ
̫ʺ̫Ǳ̫һֱӱըûˣ̫ʵһֱ۶ûˣ
ʱǶشڳƷϳ˴
ӻ֮б˳Ʒ̫ǿˣǿ̫ʺ̫־Ȼκβش
߱˳ǴʱûκԥƴȼվѪ
ԭѾǴʱԵ˥ϣͬʱϵϢҲ˼¡
ֶϽҲ³˳ǲϴŴӻ֮УһӰ˳
ɽͼ˻֮УȻһʱ֮ûа취ѡ
Ʒһ֮ѹʵĿֲӡ׼ʵû뵽֮Ȼܿ־׵ĳ档
֮УκһǺʷϹڵĿֲڡ
ڣȴƷľ硣
ǻãļҵȫôƷһ̫ʺ̫ʣߡ
κһӵʵѰ߼ɵˣҲ˵Ķ֡
ο֣޵УϹ䣬Ҳ޵еĴڣ
㾹Ȼ̳еǻʾĵͳѹ֣ѹ֣
̫ʴżָӵ鿴ųƷ˵
ڸղŵĽ֮Уڿ˳Ʒĸ
ʾϹ䣬ôĻ֮Ҳһ̥ǿߡ
һǻ
ڻ֮УǰδеĿֲڡ
Ʒ̳еǻʾĵͳѹ˿¡
ƷҲ֣ʾϹôʼ֮жлʾĴڣ̫ʿƸţҲʲôֵ顣
ҲûΣʵϣҲòˣĿǰΪȷʵ̸ҪΡ
ϵ£޵У
ԻʾΪڻ֮ߵĺԶȻܱܿĵĴΪȴ߳Լ·Ȼţ̫ʵ
Ϊߣ֪ʲôһѹ֤ͨߣһ·ˣô˾߲ͨˡ
¶ǿߣ
ôÿһµ׼ʣûһǧҲа˰٣½½ĵ½½䣬еĹͽĿмǧ֮пܡ
ûһܹ߳ǵӰ죬ΪߣҲǿֶźǵĵ
ԼµĵûʲôģЩɢޣһЩвˡ
Ȼɢƾһ֮Ҫߵ׼ʶˣҪߵ׼۷壬гߵʸģǸǷëǣ궼ѳһ
ûԷֶεĻѰ˿ܼ궼һɢеľ֡
Ʒĳִƽ⣬иţ߳һԼ··ûܵӰһ
֪Ʒлʾĵͳ֮⣬ؼеʵļ䡣
е壬Ҳˡ
ȻױܿҪǣһֱ飬ԿԱܿе壬߳һ
ӺܾǰƷѾףܳΪһʣһʾ
޵еĳʣ
ʾҲ㣬Ҫ߳һǰδеĳ·ˣϹ֮٣ϹʱҲô
ʱ̫ʻ˵
ң߲ͨ·δ߲ͨ
Ʒ˵ЩϹŴܾͱڵʿ
ЩϹųʣδɻ֮ǰδرȺ˸ǿ
Щδɻʵˣ׼۷ʱ˵ͱЩ߸
˵Ʒδɵ֮ǰѾѹһȺδɵ֮ǰսˡ
ϹŵЩˣûʲôݵԼʾʧܣҲӰѰߵĵ
˵ô࣬޷ʱ䣬ԼĻָȡһʱ䣡Ʒ˵ڣǾãһлô
ûκ尡Ʒ˵Ϊʱʤô
ƷǵĴ㣬Ϊ⣬Ȼе㵣Ǳɽͼڻ֮еߣǲǼ֡
ֻڳƷڲֵʱ߰ˡ
ƷıϹһۣһξͽеҳ泹ײ
ǰЩʣǺεԺգѳһĸǴӢܣΣǶˣԼˡ
ƷׯϣʵȻ֮ǰӿֲˡ
ôܣʵô̵ʱڣôô̫ࣿʺ̫𾪵ĿųƷʵȻոսֵʱǿһࡣ
˳ƷΪһ˿ǲ˵ģ˵һ
ǵĵ̫̾ʶʲôֲ顣


2550 һ
̫̾ʶˣƷʲôͼסƷʱ򣬶ƷҲǡ
ڹȥǶ̶ʱ֮ڣƷֱЩܣɱĻǵĴ
ȫΪĴ
ڣƷĵ˳
뵽̫ʺ̫ʵɫˣʱǶˣΪʲôƷʶͬ
ųһɶѹһܳɵ֮˾ûа취ɵˡ
ϹҲˣ
ֻеͳһʱ䣬ʼ꣬ҪΪԼǣʼԷ֮
ߵĵŻ𲽴ؼʧ֤֮Ļᡣ
ΪԭǲŻĬ֣谭߳ɵ
Ϊ̫֮Եÿһ߶Ǵϵ޵ֵĴڣֻдͬʱеľӢеĸ֣ʸĻߴ
ЩǶǴʬɽѪ֮гɵģһʵȻȿ¡
ͬʱЩҲΪ¼еľ֣˼ΪԵģְԵųһеĵ
֮
ϵΨҶ
뷨Ļߣһ
Ʒĵһ
ĵں¼еĵһǰδеĿֲеĴǳƷǰ
ʱǶˣѹֳƷڷ˳ɻʣΪǳɻʵʱǵĵṩƷɵ
ڣǵĵԽǿԽ࣬ԽǷḻڳƷ˵ɱҲԽס
Ϊڻ֮ϣ׷Ѱ
䣡һ£ͬһըǵԺ֮ǴʱףԼ֮ǰ²Ǵˡ
Ϊ˳ǶųˣǵĵҲǻ֮ƽƽǵʵи֣֮Ǿʹ˵ûʲôֱ
ֻеĳһִƾʲôߴ
ֱڿЦ
һβͬƷҪеĵ˵ĵĵԽǿԼҲԽǿ
Ʒֻڰ֮䣬սͻͽȻаʺ׻ߵĵټ֮γԼĵ
ͬ
ô
̫ʣδһôǲʲô㣬㽫ҵȵϣɾĵͲУǲĶ֣Ҳ׵İڲǣ
̫ʶ˳Ʒǰδеľ޴󲼾֣֣֮ǰδУҰҲǰδеġ
жоЩѪڵĸоǾΥѪ
˵Ҳ緢
ǲôƷҲ뽫ϣΪһߣһеġ

Ʒһ̫ʣһ
ֻǼ򵥵һָɲǼ䣬̫ʿƷָŽһ֮ɴķĻ䣬пԿִΪһ塣
һ֮ǰ̫˲ŽһѪؿڱ
Ѫ罦˳
ԭǿѪһָǰֱӱش
̫һ˵ٶ˥ȥ
Ʒˣ˵Ĺʵ˷츲صı仯
ֱ£ʱ̫ʾһ޴򣬱ƷôһֱӾͿʼ©˲ͻһ߸ʬƷһץߡ
һ׼ʵȻΪ̫̫ˣܹݺô̫꣬ôܻء
µǳƷǣһֱָӷϵ̫ʣǰ˥һ˲ԭά۷״̬̫ȥ
ǵΪ
ԭҪаǹʹóĵΪֶΣ־ͿʩչˣɼƷʵ˶١
ȶ̫˥̫ʶѲ˥Ľ֡
ʵǿ߶ܹǿдȥֶΣ
ߣ
̫֮ǰֻü̫˵ôһ䡣
̫ʴʱҲʱоΣգʱˣ̫ʲ࣬һʵ̫Ҳ޼ܸǿ
̫ʶҪڳƷϣοء
˲ΪԼɷˣ̫źȥ
ܵùƷƷӺһָҲǰģ·ֵֻĽ
ȴǺ̫ʡ
һΪ
̫ʱУ̫һ޶˲䣬еѪ罦˻һ߸ʬ˥
ƷһУĶͷҲЩɵֶΣȻһ۶ûС
ָҪʵҲܣֻڵıʽһʮֹģģֱӻԻϡ
ԳƷڵʵ⵱Ȼ㲻ʲôһѾɢӰ١


2551 ȫʱ
ʵٶǿһ֮󣬳ƷԳܸصķɣɵʽʹãһ㶼ֱӷǻˡ
һ˺ö˶˵Ŀʼùˣ
ԳƷ˵ǿʢѾԳסɱܵķˡ
ʱ֮һƬڣɽͼֱӷ˳·ɻص˳Ʒͷϡ
ӻ֮УӰ˳
ǰ˴ʣµߡ
ΪͻƳƷɽͼǿνǻֶΡ
òײ̵ʱڣͻɽͼķǻˣʵҲֻǱɽͼ赲סһСֵʱ䡣
ҲƷô̵ʱʰ̫ʺ̫֡
߳˻磬ǵϷһ±ƵĿųƷ̫ʵʬɽͼĿռ֮С
ƺԾɲţƷȻô׵նɱ̫ʺ̫ʡ
ʱǵһ䣬ֻо󱳷
˴߼ǰǺεȵƣԳƷǿƵĺ֮㣬ҲԼӵоԵʵԵġ
ڣ˴߾Ѿֻʣˡ
˵ɨµʮߣа֮⣬Ȼ߸߶ֱ˳Ʒǰ
һս߰
浽ˣħʣʣ
ƷˣһģɢžħӣǱˣǴ˵ͳħħʡ
ƷҲħ緢˵Ľ棬ǸʱħѾħ֮УڹŽУħ塣
ΪŽ֮кµʮ֮һ
ħ֮սͲֵһᣬ΢һµļֵûС
ҲֻħֺԵ֮һѣȫ
ħȫûˣħ˵Ҳ˴ţ˲Ԫ
˵ħֻΪ˲ţ׳ħһ󱸻ذˡ
ûˣҲǿؽģ
ǳƷնɱħˣҲûܾħʴԷ˯֮ѡ
ȻڣħȴòԴӱĳƷһĽ档
һעս
綼ǿħ֮ĶסƷ
Աߣһĳһֶصߡ
ƵĶһַݻĶأռ䶼ѹΪֲ
öһϣѾﵽǰδеĵزǰ޹ˣߡ
˫໥һۣսһ˲䱬ˣ
˫֪ûκλأΨһ
زʣµߣҲΪƷռƵ·ŹǣҲΨѪսһ·ˡ
䣡
ֲķգƷٶ˺ѿգս´˻֮УŽɾôڡ
ֻѷ֮һͷĻ֮УƷڷ⣬ЩâѰĹâǷݻĹâ
ǴݻĻ䶨ס˻磬ҲڻħʺͶʺ˹ȥ
ħһХڻ֮УݻһߴϰߵĿֲħ
ֲħһžͽ񳱣Ȼ͵һӳųƷɨ
һߣ֮ݻ˳˳ųƷķϯ
ǻ߶СЩأᱻʴ
ƷνֱЩأ˸߲ʵĹâһƬ֮У岻ϵӭǣɲǼ䣬ֱӳ˺ħ޼ĵز
ħʳХһ綼ڶȻһȭųƷȥ
ƷҲֻһָֻ˳ȥ
أ
ħʾ޴ޱȵȭͷը˿ڳƷһָǰըѣǶ֡
һưֱֱӳ֮Ӷϡ
䣡
ħʾ״ķ֣ԼһһıѿҸûа취赲ԼеĴҪ赲Ǹûκô
Ʒһָž˵ǴԻ򵥵һָħʾ޷ܡ
˶ߵĴ֮󣬳ƷʵԸǿˣǿĲһ㡣

ħʲҽһը˿¶еԪԭǿԪ֮ϣȻһ󶴡
ǱƷָԪ񣬲Ǵ͸͸Ԫ
ըѣѣضɽҡ
ħ䣬ƷץߣƷգƷǿһߴҲѲƬ̵ʱ䡣
ƷĿת˶ʣʱĶʲôóĶڳƷǰʲô
κβ˳ƷƷĶ֮кУҲûκ⡣
ƷҲһȥʮ֮ĩĶʵĳѪ䡣


2552 ķϵ
һƬžһ򿪵Ŀռѷ֮УƷ˳
ռѷڳƷ󻺻ʧڻ֮еսҲĻ
һƬһļž
ˣϹĩ꿪ʼʮͳιŽʱսˡ
Ϲ俪ʼͳξͬһƬסŽ磬ѹžӢǴ
ȻϹĩһֲĶңʻƻ֮սУʮסƬҲĹŽ硣
һȥĻᣡ
ʱʮ߶¶й͵ģȻԽԽ䣬ЩһѾΪǰ·ϵ谭
ڣ˵جҲڽˡ
Ҳһ˳׵׵֮ϣסǰ·
ڸоظͬʱҲʶˣһʱԴϹʱĻˡ
һȫµʱˡ
ҲܵģƷڽʮɨ֮ԼΪһȫµĻ˵ͷϡ
ԳƷڵ˵ҪǸ顣
ڵǣûݱΪӵĻ
Щ֮󣬳Ʒµʼߵҡ
ȻǿԹЩ赲ǰ·赲ǳɻʵĻᡣ
ȻдߵңôߵȻһĸûС
ʵϣ֮Уĸռ˾ȻƣҼƷ
ϾΪʶ˳Ʒϣ˵ˣǵķڳƷ˵ûκ塣
ȻкܶĴ־ЩǸѾͶ˳ƷǿĿꡣ
ͬʱ߱磬֮ҲˣԴҲƷͳͳߣδεҲƷߡ
һսϰʱ䣬Ž½
һΪԺĵȫ¹Žȷ
֮£ԵΪԵĺģиǵĸΪ֧֧鼰ȫ档
ֻǹŽ磡
ΪŽģ֮гɵߣĹҲǹŽ硣
ֻ֮ǰ߲ϣĻߣԶڸĽҲǳá
ûнҲûһϵ
ڳƷλ֮󣬾Ϳʼȫ˹滮磬򣬰տƼ࣬вԷűࡣ
ƼҲܳǿߣʱ֮УȫĹУƷҲûĿƼǿߡ
ֻѰвǿ߲ͬƼǿԷչƼΪǰᣬѧչ˼֮󣬷иϡ
ʷǳߣѷɫв磬ȻҪǿƼչǳߵĳ̶Ȳпġ
еܹӴвĿƼ˴˫޵һ֮ǰĵؽ硣
ЩƼǿͳŹ磬÷ʽв໹Ҫ
Ҳ׼ʼľ֣ҲѾǼˣ͹ŽĺĻûпɱԡ
ջǱѹ뵽˳Ʒ滮ϵ
ڵȫϵڳƷʵ̫ˣее˼֮󣬸ûа취һ
ͬ㣬еѹͲ֪߼ĹŽĴڡ
ڳƷ֮£ͬ磬ղͬʵֳһżÿһһ磬е֮󣬵õǰߵ硣
ҳƷ˽ʹְλֱɹŽǵĵӵΣʵԶԶʵԤķչֻǲϽǿǰǿ硣
ľż統ȻǹŽ磡
ͨһɸѡϴ֮еõ˲ŵĲ䣬Ž籾
˲ţԭʮٱ
֮гɳĸֵȻߣܴһģٮٮ֮еٮٮߣҪŽ籾֮ǿߡ
ǿҲеģ˵Ʒ˵Ǵ֮еƾڹŽ֮ɱһѪ·پ
ȻƷʵǿ󣬵ǵһγڹŽʱҲ޹һʱ
ĸֻвٵģֻ֮е˵ǾǷëˡ
Ϊòǰ߼磬Լ֮С
ʶԴҲںйȻãûҲνŽ֮еѾ㹻ʹˡ
ƷͬҪΰҵޱȵӴ󣬷ǵҪ磬һŬſԡ


2553 ʣһ
ΪˣԶڳƷ˵ЩԽԽá
ԽԽãԽ࣬ʵȻҲԽǿδ֮·ҲԽǼ򵥡
ڹȥЩƷҲһֱ˼ν⡣
ҪҲһ飬ҪﵽԽϹʱڣҲǳǧ꣬顣
⿿Ž֮˲ţȻѾ٣ʮ߶ˡ
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˼Ϲֻ֮ʱ䣬޵׼ʾ磬׼ľ硣
ò˶һ׼۷Ĵڡ
ЩƷʲôϾԭ˼Ѿ׼ʵټϳƷָͽŽԴб
ЩȻǺܼ򵥵飬ƷȻĽ̵ˣȴҲûһͬʵ˼
ǳɻˣҲȻԶ
Ȼģܻúô
ʵϣЩ꣬½ǿ߷ϹޣҪɻ֮ˣһҪߡ
ϹϹνΪ֮ǰ֮·ӡǺһô˷Ϲ֮⣬ûбĽˡ
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գۼ䣬ǧʱȥ
ǧҴңڹŽ˵ȴǰδеľ棬һǰδеʢ˵ǰ
ΪƷʮߣκ˶ԣҲصĻᱻѹ
ʵϣƷǵǿ󻹿ԳƵֹɡ
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֮ǰĻȫͬ磬ҲȺۣ΢һ
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ڶλڵˣһɺƵѹɨ
Ž֮Уˣ
һʱ䣬·ڣϾǳ˳Ʒ֮⣬ڶߣУƷҲûȥ赲֤ˣһ·ͨģƷҲֹ
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׻еһвű֪һɢ֮еľţ֮ǰ궼Ϊ˶ʮߵķâ¶ͷңԶǰԷ⵽ڡ
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׻ʳɵ֮󣬵һ飬֮Уݼ˵ʡ
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Ʒƴ֮ϣĶ棬׻ʶһŰɫƴ֮ϣһݿʵӣԼԼŻ淨Ĺâ
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׻ʵͱȳƷҪĶ࣬ҲƷҪǣлɢ޵ıϹڶɻʣ׻ǰݳƷ͡
ʱɵжԳƷʮ־صģǵһ۳Ʒ֮󣬵ʱһΪС
ƷҲ͸ͬǷǿһ㣬
һ˵ǲܵģƷǻߣҲǻߣƷһǧɵܱǿĶȥ
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ǧУĹľһǧǰǲ֪ǿ϶١
׻ʵȻԣ׻ӸճɵĻߣһƾķһѶȡ
׻ʵȻ֪Ʒ룬ֻƷ̸һ֮ʼ۵ˣ׻ʲ֪ǰǧĵʵ
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仰éٿԼɻ֮ǰ·ѾûˣֻԼǸƷ۵ʱ䣬ֻéٿ
֮׻뿪Ҷԣʣµһߣ֮ҲҲгʣҵһͷ
¶ʱȻϾ߶ǻߣӵλӦȵġ
׻ȴϲƷЩݺµĹŻʶƷοۻߣҪһͷ
̬֮ͣզࡣ
ֻ׻Ϊ˱ƷΪһԳɵĻһֱλߵĵ


2554 ڳ
λߣһеĻߣԺŷʣ
֮ŵʳɵոһɵ֮ǰͶЧ
ΪǱˣ֮ǰƷɱʵĵӣһֱӡ
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ӢҲԷȴʱͻ߱˭ܰȻ˰źžԷ֮С
ΪܰҲߣǵҲûа취Ტۡ
ʸոճɵȫµĿ⣬ʻвٲǿ֮Уûгɨ
˼װǣƷԴҲûϸϸ𣬼ЩˣԳƷ˵ҲмֵģȻҲûɱˡ
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ϾʲߣҲܹ׻ʵĿֲڡ
ڳƷǰȴһжס֪һս˶𺳡
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ʱѾһЩ˹˳ƷĲ֣ɵԽ࣬Խ
ԽôɵҲԽס
ŻԽԽ࣬ŽҲڲϵ
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2555 
Ž磬⣬һΡ׸߷֮ϣƷֶһۣȻòᣬ˫֮ȴǲɣ
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׼ȷ˵һǰֿʼԴԴϵߣǵĴֲĲ㡣
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ԭʷôγɵģȤȤƷЦһЩʷ˵ǿģҲõڵָᵼºԼʧ
Ѿȫ֪ȫܣһʱڣõʲôĸۡ
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νߣǳأ棬һзһй֮Ĵڣ򵥵⣬⣬У˵֮ӦҲо˰ɣʱϣܹʱߣǳѣʱ䣬ռ䣬һеһģǳߣ
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