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ԨԺһЩͷʲô鷳ȻҪݱǾҪ
οϵĵ̡
ݣ
УһӰŵǿ޵ζ˫˲Ѫ죬ɽ³
һȺֶֺʱɫһ󷢰ףƤеĺڹѪΪͶ
ݣ
ƿ֮ڶ
飡
һ˿˿ɢһͷͷڽɳȥ
ã
ֺ¶ϲ֮ɫΪ׵Ļɫ˲٣ת˲ɫɷףĿȥͫȻ
һɺڽȻӰ죬ֱܿһӰɽһʿ磬ѰʿûʲôӰ죬һֲ֮ȴɫ䣬ֻԺ
֮߳֮ͨϣĳ̶ֳƣʱҲ˶̴
¡¡
ʱϿգޱȵĺƺһڣʧϵľ׵
ͷ׹ɣ⼸λУҫĿɫУֻʮͷڽʱУ׹жʱ֮ʧȥж
󣬽Ӷڲ֣һʿʧɫĿУ׷£нʬϤأܹվĽʬ
׹£ɼһ۵ӰȻɨһصڽתȥ
ԭأڶ཭ʿѾȻѹ
ȻֻһۣɽڶԼȴĿȡ
ʲôˣ
ĪǾǳ쾳ߣ
ʲôߣʦϵĵˣ
֮˲峣ΪһĴߣЩʶ
֪һЩоĻ֡
һˮ룬֮ǰΪ죬졣
ܹ֮ʦʦȾ硣
ǿ峣Ͳִ֪ܹЩڽҲʦˡ
ЩЩĽתܣһת
λǰʬգҵȿɵУƶҪȥѰЩ֣ǣ
һ̣ת¹֮УӰʧԼλһת˲ӦһɫڣһαλƣЩ˻ûأˣ


7 
¹֮£һֺڽԨüͷһ˫ĿԶԶɽ֮䡣
֮أѾĿ
Ǿ֮λһɽ֮
ɽ
»֮£ɽȴǺģͬһɽſİڵħ涣£졣
ɽĻȽá
Ԩ߽ȴһЩǽΪΡ룬¯ŵ̴ϢΧӲԻڴסޣꡣ
ʬأ
ԨЩɽΧԤϣһͷʬҲûп
ɽڷƣϼ⺬¶
Զ
ǣշԨڽϡ
ƺһ㶣Ƭɽڣһ˵Цˣ
⵱Уһɫתo̤ӯӯЦɽҰŻѵйͽ٣ԣ
һλ췢۵oƺɾ͵ɽ
ɽڸ飡
ԨҲĿ⺬ЦɫЩ졣
ţͷɽߴȴɽо飬ɽo
ɽĿԨϣЦȴüͷ΢壬ǰһȻӰӰ´ƺͻ͵֣ǡ
һɶƼ±
ˣ
С񲻹ɽо飬żɽ񹩷λֳţһȻ˵ֻѾ̤㳤ʵΪҵĽ
ԨϴʱһɺУѹɽo
ţͷɽ⣬ӵݵĴڣӦвŶԡ
ӵĵУ
˵ű㽫ԨɽȥΧҰɽʱŵתøûʣڻиŮӣԾ˳
ɽҰ֮ʲд֣£
ɽóλɫվһԣΪЩǸ⣡
Ԩ·ûɽѯζɽ·ǲٴɫֻǵ
ʢ黹ǳˣƶֻΪɽ϶ɽʬģɽΪţͷɽɽӦ޶ãŰΪ
ǾӸµδɽŭȻλݣɽŭһ仰װɽݡ
ǵǲŽ֣
Цɽ֮ϴ̾Ϣ֮⡣
С
ÿɽһӣûһɽ֮˸
׹ԼŮڻС
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֮أ
Ԩ¶һ˿ɫֻһ徻ԶɷϤڡ
Ǳ췢ɽˣͷ̾
ֻ棬Ǵ˴ˣЩʿ֪գ˱Ŵѣִ˵أųʬֽŲŽʬѹֻϧЩҧ˵ĽʿȾʬ֮ܵǣƣȴ
ҵѳ֣ղȥⷬѣʵǹ
йάԨ֮ʣɽȴ΢һ˿֮ɫ
Ԩδ̤صײ鿴ֻ췢ɽʵ
˶ŵo
ꡱ
Ԩͷ۵ȴѾһ˿ɫЦƶֻ꣬ƶһ۾ܿĿ飬͵컻գðoųʬƶǰֱ֪ߵغ񣡡
Σ
˵ԨѾͬһףţǺ󣬸Ǵһ˱ΰֱա
ɲǼ䣬ɽѾɫ䣬ɢ⣬ɫѸ߽⣬ѣ룬ͬںܣһҫ뷴ֱԻԭԻһ˸ߵ
һͷƤë޺ĺ
һͷǹģ
ʱɽŰԻ͹գʧ˫лľŭǰ˺ԵֻһԾͰ뷡
ձǣȴ
ĪҪ֣òþӭ㣬㲻ҲͰˣȻ裬Щʿ磿
ջûƺػӰ»֣ΪóľǻûѾ׼ƴһֻһֻƿն˺ŵ׹ʱںؿڣʱεɳȥײɽ֮ϣ˫ԹޣʵĿԨۣʱ
Ԩλû֣ȻȷˣÆ£ֱӺɱ˵
Ѫ֮Ⱦɽƽ䣡
ʧȥˣɽ֮ϣɫʱð
꣡
״ѷ
ǺȷȾɽȨֻԹ̫أԨ
ȾѪԹħɣ
ǾǱԨ˺Ŀ꣡
ͬʱɽ֮ϣ뷻£˿˿Ϣз


8 
뷣
κɽ֣ʿ뷣ִɽλ
ţͷɽСҲλ
ÿһɽܹɽλ
Ԩȴã⾻ķԳΪһ⣬˲ɢɫ뷡
ͬʱɽζʱɢ
ɽλ꣬Ѿˣ
ڲа
⣬ΪɵʿеҲǷԨ뷡
ĳ̶ֳȾǷݻ
Ԩһ̶ȣݻﵽһoĸ߶Ȳѣ
ִ񼶱뷻Կһ
ּ뷣һȫգȫԽת֮


ڴʱɽ籩ǣ
ƺĥϯɽһŨʬѿķ϶г
ˣ
ѾҲ˲ӰʬԾ档
ƺ֪Ѿ¶Ӱٶء
ֱԨϯԨȴɫ䣬Ųƣױܿɱʬ
Ԩ
ɭȻİʬڵµʬѾ¶˺ۼ
һӰ磬˫֮ΪЩ׷
һʮֿݵˣΨϴһӹŹֵĲ԰֮ɫλǰħ̽
ʱĿⲢѰʬǣƼԨ֮󣬶ʱɳ
һʿмܹͣʶҵȲ֣Ȼ˵أ
ܹĵʿ˱ĻԵ
ʬ
ʬɾˣ
Իͷǿ
ʱ˫ĿЩѪĶԨܸǰ˵Ѫ棡
ͣ
Ͽգʱٵͷʬ£ǣܻĳԨ
ĵвƶǰӲ
ԨͷſʬͷʬɢʬʦЩ룬ͷʬͻͽֻǸڻңûкʵĴС
ʬٴԶѰʬȻֻǸӡ
򺣷
ԨһĨʮ˸ŵɫķɽУ
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򺣷Ϊһ;ǹۣ
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򺣷κʿУ¶ҪУʬԣϵĲȱȴǼģ
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ﻹǾ֮أʬԴԴɵصָʬ
ǲԣ
˫Įһֱϵɫ«֪ʲôʱѾУŤ˺«
ʱ䣬һɱɫ⻪ں«бӭֱʬ׾ٽ֮飬ڰС
飡
ʱڵأ
Ũޱȵĺɽ»֮£ټɽڴʱһտɫ
Ʒʮ֮ʮöɰܼ˲ͽʬ⣬ʬ֮µʬ׶ױס
ɰɰ֮һޱȣһֵ𣬱֮󣬽Ѿע
һλħ̽ûʬ֮Ԩû״̬еʬ
ѹͷʬԣֻ̧̧֮飡
ֻ̫˳ˣ
ԨЩģ
Щڽĳ֣ǼһͷʬܹƵģ
һģ壡
Ԩ֮һһͷޱȵľ޴Ȼ֮С
ɫ֮תƺܹ񷡣
ҪʱԻͷǿֲ
ͷֻͷԸӵĿ£
ĿһԨǾ۵ĹѨУһĹѨ֮ȥ
Ĺʬˣ
ԨĿУܿ¶˿տĹң
ԨһεĽûзãʬڣλʿԶԶɽ
ԭ׼ӽӰٴùģ
ƣڲ֮ôִڣ
󣬿»лһϣһЩΪ̽һ̽մ鷳


9 
ھ֮ţ
ƣݶȻͬһ㡣
ִǼǰģ
һλĴɴԸм󹦵£κʿԣŵĳɵ֮·

ĹسʪŨ
أ̤ĹѨУԨ·ֻ֮ͬض
ԨһΪâʱɢ£¶Ĺڣ
ĹѨǽ֮ϣǧٹֵ֡
ǰŽ׭һǰʿĶ
Ԩɫ죬ħ̽ȷЩ컯ģֻĿȥѾãѾ䣬֮ϵǰŽ׭Ѿ
ϰոԶǸڣ
ԨΪȤ֪ʶǿڷһϵĻۡ
µǰʿѾͷʬͷʬǸʶģһֹŲƣ
Ȼǻ˲٣ƻ˾֮һַˮ֡
ףúõһأȴģ
һʬɭĹڣԨҡͷ
ԨڵλãݻĽ鱦٣мֵǻûС
Ԩɨ۵Щź
ɵзǼĵģǷţδ޳ɱ֮ǰ໹Ҫ
˵ʬԨģ
ǰŶڵʱ̫ˡ
Ԩڹп˲ٷ绯ʯУһЩϺ͵伮ڹĺۼ
ħ̽תΪʬ֮ʮа˾ǸżȻ
Ԩڹλ֮ϣǰһͭΧ֮Ͻδ۱ȵǰŽ׭
ǰŽ׭ԨʶĲ࣬ҲԼиӡܹ۾ء
ħ̽ʬڴ˴Ƹ˲ܹͻͽ
Ҳֺڽԭͷʬ۵ľ̫ڴ
Щħ̹
ԨĿϻʯУﱻλħ̽˲ħ̵伮ϻÿһᾭڽжǷ˼ħаڽˡ
ֻԨЩϡ

Ԩܿѡ뿪ɽص׾ĹѨȻԨڶµȥемֵƷ
Щ˰£ҪӵģĹħ̽µĽ鱦ħа
Ԩȥˣʱһֱ߻Ծ
ȴ֣ڶĽʿδȫ뿪ҹ֮вٵ״ͨЩʿ֮ڣƫԶС򣬶˼صɫʡ
֮´ֻǿڿഫǼ٣Ƕˣ󲿷˿Ҳֻǻɵ̬Դûо֮
ȻҲһЩķڡ

ܹһʮͷڽϤɱֵĵʦϣ
Ҳǳڣǲ֪һĸˣµģӦҲ֤ĵŸˣ
Уʱλڲ̽Ŀɨ£γɵһӡ
ٽʿӰɫ˼
Դܹ֮󣬱ҪԲȷ㹻һǱ̤ʦ
ǵĸ棬ܹԴԴϴ
Ŀǰн磬Ƚͳһɴһɴ
ɴɴʵ࣬ҲǴܹʼʦʦȵȣһʼ֮зǲһġ
һг֮󣬱ҪʼȻ뷽跨ڵظͥҸְܹһ£ܹע⣬һ죬Ȩȥ֮塣
ĺôԣɴδرҪһȥ·ֽ٣ΨһĻܾǩͬҪϰ򿨣ֱɼ淴죬ɱ壬񣬲ȥԼ
һңĶ࣬ƾһ֮ذҪǿͨ
ڳλ˿λȴ˴˵βǰʮа˾žһɴʿˡ
ǰħ֮̽ҲҪ鿴һ£ܹ䣬һعĵطè壡
ٵ˶ܹĵ
ʱСģ
ϾϢɽ·Ľʬ֪Ƿ
ԽԽ˽ɽķΧʱĽʬ֪ʱѾʧ١
ȻѾ
ɽ·ľ׵أҲʿϤ𶯣
֮أǾѵʬ֮أҲ൱ǶһЩعа޴
ܿ죬Χ֮أؿʼۼ˲ɫİˡ
Χ׵أٵʿҲۣһᳫ˴˵طˮһڱ棬ã

֮һв壬˵ܹ㣡
ʱ⣬ԨûȥϾģ廹ûõ
ֻ뷨ܿƲˣһӺյĽƿ£ת˲ɽƿ


10 ԩ
ǺƵƥĽ⣬ͬһ⣬ɽ˼
ֶΣִ⾳
ɽ󴨵ľ飬ԼŸɫʧ
ʱӰͷһӰ
λôʹﵽĸ߶ȣ
Ƕ£
ʱ⣬һλɫ۵ʿüͷ۵Щŭɽķ
֮غޱȣʬţž޴ޱȵ棬ռݴ˵ò˶ãʬ
λ˻Ĵ£
ˣ
ʿӣתȥ
ʱصĹٵ֮ϣԨĿӺޱȵһҽ⣬΢΢鴤ҲҪӣ
ֱ֮ӱһĨƽˣ
ˣ
Ȼ޴ӵ
¡
ԨĿΧʱΧİӣԨѾŵ˴Ϲζ
һ¸ҵĴûᣡ
׵ĺõطȥң
ڲԨоζ
ģ廹ûóȥ
ڴУ㻹Щ׵ջ
ջ񣬻ǹ£
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ִģϵʾɽͷʬС
Ͼֹһϯڶʬ
Ӿڶգ
ԨţǾ֮ػڣֻǸСͷ
˰ˣ
Ԩҡҡͷ¼ͭ壬תȥ
أ֪ţʱֵ磬ȵ˿ֵصŷͷ˵֮
ֻǺ֪ܿžɷڵĲ죬Ťһһľֵ˹۳еķ򸾣
ԩˣǶԩġ
Ѱգ䴩ţװ磬Ӧе̼֡
ô⣬ϲֵİգٰմӴ̽ӣЩһĻ
ֻһۣ˶ʱ̲סһ
ǺǮԱ⣡ǮԱҳʲô𣿡
ǮӣǮôᱻǷʲô£
ǮүҲҪǺԩǮ๫ɱ˲ܼС㣬֤֤ڣ֤ɽǲܼСʲôˣ֪ү飬ү㣿ҵҲﲻ㣡
ſڣǰͷǮүЩ̣һƿˣѹľṫӸ磬ȥ
ľǮӱϵ¹ңȴ˿Ҳԩƺ־
ԭأ»̻̲ǮϷ򸾶ˣ
ʱ֮⣬һһŮһĻΪ׵ʮۣ꣬ȻۣȴһβסĲӢԱһλŮװŮ
˵һ˵ɣ
ԨЩѯʵԱŮŮü㣬ȴ䣬΢΢֣
Ͽɻǵã͵еϲ
Ȼ֪֪ؼŮȻǮڼߣͬϣҲǰȥ磬˷
Ԩ΢΢ס
ǮлݶһصĴ壬ǮۼӰҪСǰǮҲǮңǮҵĵڽ֮ء
ǮүҲ̼֣ڱвСӰԨµţҲк
Ǯȴ˴ɱС㣬ɱ֮
Ԩüͷ壬ɫȻǰŮҲŮ
ԷĽͲ⣬͵ÿһ¡λǷʶԷˣ
Ԩ۵Щ䵭ӡģһԣŮܲ
Ԩ棡
֪Ƕת֪أȻÿְأǿʸ̤ͨиĴš
͸Ų֪صͨи
жʱ仹λ״磬λ״硭
ǲŲæֻչЦ
ϲϲԩ𣿿ֻ֪ͨд˽ǿ֪ô׮ԩжǲ⿪
ô˵ԩĪǲǮɱ
ԨƲһۡʱЩˣ
ڡеϴԩ֮٣ֻǽŻЩ£ˣλҵˣ
ܴСĳ̶ֳȵȷǮɱ
Ŷ
ԨЩ졣
ǮôӦǲм飡
ԨԺиֳλǮϹӵӡ
⣡
λǮ๫ǣֳ
ȻԨӵͬΪڼǿ⸮λӺӵķĽߡ
˻иëǾڼߣ̼ļҵ
λǮ๫ҲȷʵѧҲȡ˾˵ʸ񣬰˵˳嶯㷢ʲô


11 
Уܽò֪صõϢЯŷϺܿϵ֪Ů֮ʱףĹȰն
ϣԸ
Ŀ̽Ѱλӡ
ԨĿ֮ʣջĿ⣬ֻԨȴѾɫ۵ףüë΢΢һ
ȥôμλͬ
Ԩɫġ
ˣ˰ţͬʱҲԱΪԨյ
ôΣţ
Ǯǵñ֮󣬱㱻εУֻȵڶпն
ǲϹ̷ģ
ͨо֮󣬲Ҫת˾긴ִУʩӼ̣
ܽҲŭģⵣǮ˾йϵԸЩϵҲҪм̣
ǼʱѹǮնҲǲܡ
ڽرɭϵôεסԨҪͨܿ콫鰲ŵװ׵ġ
ʱֵĴУĺƣŵ㸯Ѫȵζ
Ԩ߽ŷ
ԶĿɨߣĿɨܿջأδнˡ
űһδ򿪣ǮľĿ΢΢̧һɫ۵Ԩϣɫ΢΢һƺ΢ЩԨĳָ֣ܿľ
λǮ๫ǽǣƺԨλͨйӵĳ֣ûκҪԩ˼Ĵ־
ҪҰæǮӣ
Ԩڡ
Ǯǲ˵Ԩֵ
㲻֪Ʃ¶ĺòã
ӦҲҪ׹οǮӣ
Ԩʵϼ俴Ǯӣƽ̸һֻۣѰٻ
е¶һˡ
ԹŲӷڼĲرϲذһЩȱȱȱŮӣڹǴﵽ۷壬س鴫ȥᱻΪ£
ֻǮӺܲңܼҴСˣԴӰǮ๫ֵ֮󣬲ܴС㽫Ǯ๫ŵװףһ¶¡
Ԥıס
ǮϷһЩ֮£ܵ˲ܼףܿ챻ܼӦ¡
Ϊ⣬ǮϷܴеĵλܼǿᣬѾȡ˾ʸǮǡ
ĸ֮ý֮ԣ
ԨǰǮӣǮӵЩģǶʱǮҺͲܼҵֵòС
ȴǺܿϢģ
Ԩʱδ⣬ֻТѹλǮˣڿСԵС
¶ԨҲܹǮעȷò绨Ҽ
ֻǱܼ֮󣬼˳ȥ
¶ǮԨϣһ̧ͷйһɲǵĹԣ
ԨȻһ˳ǶһҿҤУǰǮҽؽ֮ãɱˣ
УͬΪ糾֮ҲƷġ
¥ڳǹڸߵĴԹ󣬻Ƕˣ֮Ǻѽȥġ
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Ҥż͵Ķ࣬ҲȽ
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ˣǰǮЩ㱣
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λܴ˵ӣ
ʲô
ʱǳھ޴ıʹУǮҲ׵⽹ۣĿ֮ɫԨ
ԨأԵ
ǱģĸǲܽõŮ֮ܽ󣬲֪ĸѾУӭȢƶʵϣϷĸ׽ܣ¶ӣӰϵ棬ĸ͵ĸΣϳ˲ܼң
𣿡
ǲǺܶ죬ĸº֮󣬱ľ˾˱ߣУǸˣԼʮ꣬ȴ֪ߣ
ǮǴʱûлԨĻλͬûƭɣ
ֻԽǮԽš
Ҳ˵Ͳá
ԨһĻѾڱ˫ĿѪ˿Ǯǣʱͳһݴϣ
ǲ룬ҿܼҴСˣ
ˣʵڳ֮ǰѾ̥ᣬЩһֱûжϵ
Ҳ˵ĸףܽȻһһŮǲղܣ
ԨЩЦһӶᣡ
֪زǺö÷Ҳʲôɫ治һ˲һţ
ǮǴʱȴЩ
Ҳ˵ֻǮǲĲܼѪ
𲻶ĵƻ£ǮͻȻЦЦǰᶼЦˡ
һ˫Ѫ˿Ӹ˵ȥԹޣֺŨ˼㣬ƬŶԨ
նң
˵ʲôʱԨԱߵҲĿȣ


12 ۻ
ǳˣɵˣ
Ŀ仯
뼫֮󣬱һɵӻӼˣ
ԨɫǮǼ꣬е䵭ŨǮǵϻżֹ졣
ҪˣֻҪҵˣԵɣܽٻҲϲɱ㣡
ԨһǮǡ
ɱĲǮǣǮǵĸܽ𣬶Ҳɱ
ֻڶǮǵ̼ܽĸͽǮΪӣִҲǲŻ
֣ܹ¸֪ңѾڣֻ֮־Ͳùˣ
ǮǴʱȴӲģ̬ȴǳ֣
ʱǮϣԨŨʵʵĶ⣬ƺԵǡ
Ԩ۽һģһ˿ϲ
Ȼ֣ݸ͵ûǣ
Ԩתȥ
УȴǮԨȥӰʱȴ¶һŹֵɫ
ʱԨϣЩĵ
ϣ˻ʧˣ𷣣
ʲô뿪ôΣԨԣɫݸ
ʱѾƳϣôεſڣֻơ
ڰУôη·ǻ˶ɵĹޡ
ƺֲԹʣԩפ
ԨĿЩ
΢΢֣Щյ
ǮӵʧԭΪǮСӦܹﵽϣţδ뵽
ʱҲЩݡ
УǮǵ飬ͬУ
Թλϰ
ԭҲµһЩΪǱһȥ˿˸ţԹ
ôǷ׼¹ڣ
ʱͷЩأ׵նԼӣɴûй
˵̫
ԨʵǵĲ֪Ǹù𣿡
ǣ
һ㣬ԸεĻشⷽѶϢȻ֪ܽõΪˣ˵ǻӹͿġ
λܴǸ̰ݵġ
аûѹե
ôǮΣ
ԣβŵǮȻвŻȴ˽Ϊһ֮øöˣ˲岻Т
ҲЩ֮̾⡣
ǮǶ¶ĳ飬𶯣ݳı﷽ʽҲоԽܡ
𶯵ĻǮر顣
׵ɱӣֺݶı̫ڷ˼

Ԩߺ󲻾ãʱô֮ڣһޱȵĴڣϢĴӴð˳ɫЩǮڵĶŴΡ
ϣ˵ѪԹ֮ռΪǼˣ֪ͨˣ
Ӱգ۾λڰС

ԨʱѾ˿ջС
ٳ
ԨȻڡ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬𣿶ԣ⵹׾٣ֻǸôΣǿţͭǽڣҪ˼
ôΣҪ
ΨһֵǣλϲǿλǮ๫ôȥҪȳǮǣҲòŽô
ϣɷ֪Եɣ
΢̧ͷĿγ
ԨûһȽϳְͳ죬äӣʵʱҪʣ
沢ζŲң
ֻǲʵʱ˳ǲᣡ
ãԨֻʾ⡣
΢΢ʧڷ
ɽˮ·һ壡
ԨôεķȴǴһ˿ЦݣȻʡ
ոʧȥһϼѵնû뵽תҵһ
ûԨǮǸܲնʣټԹ޲ԹܻܿһЩ㣡
ǮǣԼ׼֮ǰһá
˵˴ֲ֮λͬ󳹴ıǼһ
һ׮°
ǮԸԸ⣬ԨͼԸˣ

Уеݱҵǿܿͨ䣬Ǯǿн˳֪زܴ˰ҹŵõϢļŻѪ
˲ôپͽ٣û֪ط
һʱɳѲȫǣֻעˮһգ
ΪˣܴȻǨŭǮңڶ˴۽ǮΧ;֪õʲôϢȻϢģǮǵͨҲȡˣ

ǮǵڶǴһҡоѹ۾ϱźڲ˫ֱ»гꤵɶ
Ҫѹǽն𣿹̰Ϊһ٣
˴ʱʵǮΪģԹ޵Ļǲ֪أǲ֪Ϊ¶𣬸ΪΪڼܲһĸס
ǰӵķĽߣݲ˿ۻ࡭


13 Ϲ
̨ʱ̣
ˣ
ô˵ػˮ
񼫣ү׼ùڴϷ
ˮûˣ
үıעˣڴɱ˹ӣ̫ڱˣ
׼Լ̣
̣ǰɣ

峿ոӿոմ
ԶԶȥµɽԴΡ
ٵ֮ϣһгԶԶĴɽ·ԨźһûһĿţ˸
ӻ治
иŮ֯ʳ
ֻǰķ٣վֻط
࣬Ҳ࣡
Ԩֻһ򵥵룬гɾɵͱϡ
򵥵룬޵֮˺ѣ
Ԩһ㶼֡
ԭ񲻸̤֮;̤УҲӦǹУѾı
УԨӼеһööڰɫгǰɫһǷһеĸ
ʦҪԲҪ޳ɾŵŵɣȻ̤ʦ֮
Ԩһ壬һֱЯȻ쳣Ҫ
֮ǰõĽҲУڽ岻
Ԩʵһֱԥ
ȫתΪˣõĺãȹˡ
֮бɼȷӰĴ
һѡ
ˣţĵţĵµģ֮󣬻ĺö
Ԩ뻹¶˾ġ
壬һע룬ʱһϴмԨ
ԨתеĽתΪ
һѡΪһ
ѡ̫ڱ
ǿѹ˵ģؼʱԾ
еĽԨоһּٶ
ԨԭѾ޳ʱекֵܿĵ
ĵеγһССУһɹɷɢ֫ٺϴѪ⼡ǣ
ֻһԨоŵѾеɣעոγɵĵ֮Уȹ̵״̬

ͬʱУҲôޱȡ
ȴղǰּ
౾˾ǣ˼ķ죡
λټȻǴΪˣ𿤲֮ޣ˵ֽʵӡ
Թۻʳ档
ȻԳ͢ЩӣҲ˼ֵ֮Ҳʥʵµ
ڶҲһõĽ
ǰʱ˵ҹ飬˵ǹټԴԵ񲻴Ӳ֤˹ټϵ
ϲԶڴ˹
ȻȷļλгټҲͶұһЩ˵滰˲ͣԺ˭˵滰ҲһǲղͷϷ

ʱһãã֮أһӰɫ¡
壿
ִۣͥɫԵɣΧˮڵС
ˮ岨ɼסڣֽš
ӿ·һǧ߳ȣ޳ĳɫӰӣͬȼա
Ǹɵ󵨣
Ӱһ̾ʱĿǰͥʱǰͥбƣڵһλ̫˵ʿ߹֤ͬ
Ȼˮ𣬵ˮݱ䣬ȴǲ޾ҳͻã

ǽһׯ԰УԨӾ֮ѹޣΪڣʱӯŽ룬Ѿ˳ʦĵˡ
ֽٶȣĿϾӡ
оܺã
ԨоѾС屦֮һЩǿͨѾԼ
ȻҪĻѾԽеķӻΪ
ܲһܵѾӵһЩ˼ܣ
Щʦʵɵһ֣
ʱԨӱչصıԺ߳Զ
ҹĻ£ƺһڣְ׹⣬ԼԼ»ޱȡ
Ԩѯʡ
ϲԼҹӸǰ⾴ء
ԨԺһСˣĸ巿үߵˣŷġ
˳Ԩָķӣиպ˼ңԱǶصĸÿ̫̫ʩ࣬Աⶼᾡһ
ţ֮ұ죡
Ԩ΢΢ףƬ̣ͻȻ
׼һЩ׼ݷһλԱ⣡
ͬʱǮǱѺԺҲЩһЩĶһܿصĵ˶Ժ
ǮЩһֱ⴦ԺǮֻܽðʩĥϵԹվ
ԨȻֵÿնƷʡ
ʱǮסԺһεӰϢĽӽԺӣûоκˣֻһ֮
У˪ӣһޱȵס˯еǮǣ


14 Сʹ
ǮһΣεԼɶĲ֪ض˱ĥĥҧأԽĥһŤ˷֮С
ʱǮһµıӰƾճ֣һ˫Ŀ̰ޱȵǮǡ
˴Թӣʳ֮ڶʱ֮ڣд
꣡
ĺһޱȵĹ׼ǮǣֻҪºܳǮǵȫѪԼǱԹĻǡ
ڸ
ڴʱһ
Ȼǽʳ
ֻȻشӰ˲䣬αˣҪ롣
ǲǺüûԱˣιΣ
һ޴ȭͷ̺Ϲ⣬⻪һ˲ŨīĹըһ˸İ⻪ķΪ
Ԩյߵеľл
лǹԪĿǣ
ȻĿǰԨûн𣬵ʦʩչȻޱȵ
ֻһ

κסǹʱȴԽٴӿǣƺҪſлûĺֻǲʲôãһֻ޳ָѹ
ֻԨЩĿһͷŮлѹ֮󣬹תͷ˵۹
ŮЩǱ
ԨĿҲǣܹǮԹħӦЩµġ
Ĭж˾һʱгɢŮԹԨָһ㣬ֻɣŮʱʧԭء
һ·Ԩü
Ҳ⣡
Ԩ˫Щ⣬ŮӦ⸽εĹޣѾһЩĹţҲЩѪԹӦɱ˲顣
һλΪṩʮС
ɭɭʧͬеǮɫʱ滺ֻü仹Щ⣬˯ҲڲĶ£ԨֻһķסǮǣǮǽŵüŷ
ɵƯٽ
ΪնԨȻǻúñ֮׵Ľ

ڶ죬ԨһҹĴѹʱֶö
նԪ
ȻҲǻնɱķ׭Ϊǿ
ֻԨЩΣõ屦ǸбȫзУһЩ
ΪʦˣѾԳ֮ΪˣȴֻһЩȫһӲЩ˵ȥ
ӣŪϵεͨ
ҵׯ԰⴦ɽׯĲԶûʡ
үʱеһξ˰뱲ӴɱɱӣȴˣлҵϤ˺󱲣Լصլѡ
Ͼʱʹ壬񣬴򷢴ʱ䣬ʿ
ԨŰݷõʱ򣬺̫үڶټСӣͨийţʱΪ졣
ȻмΪֶУطЩӰͨиȫ޷Ტۡ
ֻЩ鷳£̫үϳɾҲ֪¶㲻
·е£Գӭӣ
Уֱ£һ֮Ԩ˵⡣
̫үǰţͨиʵи֮룡
Ŷ뽲
̫үĵˣЦݣǲôģͨйҲû˵ôˣ
̫үӦҲ˵ͨиʱһֱռһЩȻүԼİã޹أ
˵Ԩһ٣̫үתźҵֶʱһͣҸ֪⣡
ǰټղǰǸǶС
ټҺͿǼλֻҪǶĿ˶һ
Ĺټҵƥĵĺã
̫үʱ̹ݸмλ̫ƨôû
ɷϣ֮õķ񱨳꣬ʵۺ죡
λݿȻû̹һ˭֪ò˶ãмλҪϵһˡ
ȴԨµ˵
ԺҴ·֮ʱһˣָ㣬̫үƺղ˲ðţһۣ
Ȼͷ׼̫үʱЩԥ
̫үΪˣ
ˣȻǹǰ빫һҲ޲ɣԤϣ̫үûôܾҲûѡŪԨ
ֱӴԨ˼ԨȴƬ̣Ǵж˳һľĺľӣԨĿд򿪣һصͭž
ֱ磬ϵһֻ׷룬ĽǹﻢĽǶӦǰԣ֮ʮФرڳФΧдŶʮĸ֣ģ㻭ŶʮĽ
ʱ£žͼ¶Ӱ˺¶һ˿


15 
⾵Ӻ
ԨһĻɫȻЩ𶯡
ֻǵһۣԨܸоⶫ³Խ˼Ʒķ롣
ڼƷ֮ϣʲôıԨƶļʶǺ
үʱ΢ЦŵùԨͨйѣϸ壬Ҳ̰ͼҵı
̫үɷҿ
ɣ
̫үйź֮磬ʮˬʵĽ佻Ԩ
΢΢û棬ϲӵġ
ԨֻܵȾܵȾƺһοٵأһޱȵ
ƺʲô˲õı
ԨʱͷЩ𶯣Եöܹá
ܹõУľܸһ¥
̫ү˾
̫үΪԺЩŴ˾ԯƵƣΪѹɽħ֣ܹʮöһһ磬Чʮģÿһ涼һ磬رǵھöִ˱ɱħ
ű
ԨЩʧĥɰ汦Ԩҡͷ
汦Ե
ڱڸӦһûʰԵޱȵĺ
ԯ
˵дй۲С
ʵԨʱҲû̫̰ģһԨڡƷ´ûȡͷϹģѾ쳣Ż˼ȥı׮
Ԩֽӻ̫ү
̫ү⾵ӻպã
ӣѵ˱֮Ȼͨдۣ̫֮үȴĿ졣
˱䣬ֻǴ˺Ҵ֮ͨиһ֮ã񣡡
ӹǳţͨү˽ֱҲƷ߽࣬˱ԸͳԸͨдһ֮
˵ź̫үЦݵԨ
ԨЩ
ͨдүֱ˭֪ո˾λټҵƨһһתʹںܶ𿤵ļλϵ
̫ү˼ԨҲˡ
Ǿ洫֮ʵݵģ
ӲҪܾһƬ⣡
ҾΪ°ɣ
Ȼ˼Ҷ۰Ͱ͵ˣԨܹա
ⱦԵʱһҲ޷ģ˵ù֮Եˣ
ں̫ү˼Ѱ죬̫үмڶУƾе鱨ǴĻᣬѣ
Сӣ㵹ǲ̰澵ӣ㻹òˣ
Ԩ뿪ûãУڰйžȴһԹžзɳʱԨĶ档
һŨӰ
ͷβ£⣬һ
飿
Ԩҡҡͷе㲻
ÿˣ񾵵Ļ񽫣רſžģ
Ԩͷԭˣ񣡡
ԨҲֻ΢΢һ֣žӵл񽫣Щ֮⣬Ҳֻ΢΢һѡ
棬⻤ҲЩԨĴݵ뵽ԷԼʱУ񽫶ȶʱȻ
ͬʱ⻤񽫣Щͷۡ
̫үܼ̫ˣҪıȻͳȥˣһ͵һصĴ
µȷЩΪˣ
ƺţ
ԣ̧ͷ۵һ˿̾Ϣ֮ɫȻš
ⶫǰλԵȴΪ̫үɧλһЩϵʹгͻģ
룬𻤷񽫵
ǷԸöž
Ԩ죬Ȼܣ
ʱԨĵ׾Щòһƺֽ뵽һʮȤ鵱УȻԸ׷ŹܵĻᡣ
ڵ񣬸ֻ񽫣
ղѾˣⱦѾ̫ү͸ͨиžҵˡ
ԣЩǰСǲ̰̰ᣡ
ӵ治һ棿
ܣ
ȴԨֵ
˱ԯƵңӦҲʹҲΪ񣬵ܸЩʾŶԣĺöƣҲǸͨˣ
˵ԨЩЦӯӯ𻤷񽫣ΪܸЩöɣȱִܵͨţ
ϵмЩﶼűˣܸ㣡
Щݸ漴ϸһԨƬ̵
ڹޣطۼתȨַ㲢ô
ԣԨüͷһ壬ͷΪЩʧ⻹Ǹ飡
𻤷˼Ƭ̣ȴ뵽һһץԨǰһȤĶҪ뷨Լȥȡ
£ȴһȻϯסԨԨһѾʧϡ


16 ˭˭
ʲôԼȡԼȡͰ͵ĵط
ԨʱһĿΧΧһƬȣʺʯ᾵ɽ
ֱǸħֺеĵط
ߴɽ֮䣬ѰѾɽУʱйХ֮ǣ
Ԩɧֻɨɽͣȴ
ⶫؿؾ
ɽ컯ܻ
ЩؾƺǰĵЩؿؾܹ˺ںĴ½֮ϡ
ҲǺĴ½ĸ
ݻ񽫸ѶϢؿؾһжʵģˣĻزˡ
Ҳĵرʿ
ؿؾķòײ֣ԭԼȴСӡ
УɫЩϧǶԣؿ飬ġ
ҲԨصĴڣǻˣȴδԸͳؿ߷
Ե˵δҲܹ̻һЩ£
һûž֮УͬʱžһȻɳʧ

Χȥ󲿷ǹͺͺıֱʯɽԨһȦܿҵһΪϤĵط
һٲɽʯ֮䣬вٺ«棬߲֮ɫ
Ԩٲǰ⼸«ֻͨͨɫ죬Ԩֻһ۲Ц
ʱѾֻĸ«ԨЦ
ֺ«ǿɰֻûӣƾһǻúõͨУȴƽ
ӱԻϱı֪֪ˣܰս
ʲôˣУɻ֣
Ԩһ«಻סһƤ«
˲Ȼ˵ˣǳۣȴǴһӺ档
ɣ֣ǺˣйµϢ
ܲܰǾȻүү
ῪȴǸƤ«
Ƥ«ƺһЩ
ԨĿⲻɫ¼ֱǸˢøеͣˣʿƽ׺͹⻷
ģȰ
ʵҲõģ
ԨЩħ֣ʿͲŰ߸ôɰֵСȫĵ
ǾȻүү
ʣµ«Ҳ
ԨÿɷֻЦ
ǰټʥ֮һΪʥӱѧ֮ʥ䣬֮˽̵ƾһ֮ܣնɱǺ«ɽµͷ
ǲڴţ֪Ǽı£
ʱɫ«ȴǸԨ˸
ѽѽ˵˵ֵı£
ĸ«ΧԨһ«ҡš
ԨЦкѣֵˣϴأ϶ǧ˳ͭͷۣǹ룬ʣµɽӣˮУӰȥ٣
ֵ˵ı˵һ㲻
Ԩһ㣬ֵ˵ıȫĸ«ԨΪΡ
ȳүүֳ
Ԩ˳˼Ƭ̣ŵ
ˣƶһˣ
һưɣǸĺˣԨԼĶλʮȷ
«ĺøˢĲˣԨʱһӯƮԶ
ֶֻڼ«Щֲˣ
ǰȥͷ𲢣Ȼɶ֮
λϲݹ֮
ԨҲоܶʦ編Ŷᡣ
·ȫһ˫ȣ
֮ԨϵſڣΪ֮أͷ޼
Ȼûޣ޽ˮȿͷı£һһģ
ԶԶȥɫ«޽ֽܷ֮ӵ˼£ͷ򲻶ޣײϣȴ˽ǣ
ֻԨķ޵ȱҲԣѪţȻǿֻҪһ㣬ױ
Ԩʱſ֮ϣʱһͷ쳣ޱȵʱ֮ϡ
ͷƺϵĴڣ÷Ծ
𣿣
·һͷ֮ҲϤ˻޵ͨǽƭ˻޵Ҫûޣڴʱͷһӿ
׹£Щλϡ
Ųƣܿףȴɫޱȵͷʯ֮ϵһӰ
һλŻˣͷȴŵ٣ʱȴĿ´ţ
һһѪȺأλֻأ׼ƶɢֻأ
ͷһ֪УǽЫȴǳޱȵЦݡ
ࡣСʿûе㣬С֪źɣ˵ñҳн飡
ˣʿץӣܰ׼һݵģ˫ϲţСʿζۣñСʿȥԸζ
ǺЫǲбԨڳǰ಻ס
ԣԨҲǵͷ
ţãҲöɲǼ䣬Ԩɫ棬ë׾ұ仯ת˲Ϊһͷ쳣ڰУѹ·ͬ𡭡


17 棬
ֲĻɢؼ䶼ޱȿȵ
ôһͷ񣡡
ǻ̧ͷЩֻǾǴƯޱȣؼӵţǿ飬̫档
񣡡
Ԩ˻޵ľ̾ʱھܺӵĳν
Ŀſ磬ĿⶢŽЫһ˿ޱȵɫ
𽣡
ʿô𽣿
ͷֱ仯ˣ
ֻ˲䣬ͷͻˡ
ݱĿǣ˵𽣡
ʶģǴͷЫһڷ糯ŵȥ
Ŷˣ
ǽȻ£ûʧȥǣֻǿЫľٶʱɫһڣ˵õͬʹأ
ɱǧ
Унâһȴǳһֻӣȴһֻɫ⣬ֻ΢΢һʱ׷磬
ԨʱȫոջΪ񣬻Ϥ
űӿʹͬԿһ㡣
ণ
һ쳹ķڲ֮ɨ
Ƶĺ֮£µıѩ˲仯Ϊˮ
ȴͷҲصˣһֱȥ
ֻȥ֮ǰĶСɱʽǰ棬Ϊͷ
⵹Ǹö
Ԩһ۾˽еĽ⣡
мöһ
ƼЩСĳչǿ֮ƶգһСԸٶȣӻأȴ֮׷ϣһ㡣
Ƿͬһǿ󣡡
ԨǳǿĸоУֻ΢𶯳һͱˡ
ʱжǿ
ĿɨͷӶݵ΢΢ᣬʱͬһã⣬Ʋ񷡣

ʱƬ̣һͷۺųԶͷۺĿ𶯣֪Ǻ«ɽбķǼ쳣
𽣬ɫˣ
˿ǰ֮
Ѿλ˶ڰӹɵģ
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ĿѪ죬ȴͷо䣬·һȥѪҺǧ
˵ĸо̫а죡
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19 
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ɷ˵ʵ۵вҪＺگģ
λ󳼿Ǹճټʥôʹˡ
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20 ӭʬ
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21 
춯صɷªǿѹɷԲڣֻޱȵɳ
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22 ħѳ
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23 ǰ
ԾǶУһȵĲܽòܴˣǮһ±ơ
Ҫĥ
ʲô
ֳ
ΪˣŶԣЩɴģΪպһҪ㣡֪һС
Ǯǿһ㲻ǰ̰ٳһϵǮǿ⸮ĳӵĿĽߣڲ̰ܽʮֱӡ
Ȼ鲻Ǯܾܹܾģ
ܽʧöӣνϲ
ǮĸܽУ֪ǮԼ֮ʱܽǾϲǾš
ΪնӣǲܴүڣкѼӵ˻治Ϸԡ
ܴ֪żȻ䣬ĳ֮־űھ١
ڳеӰܴ֪ذͷɫķŭǮ׶ӱøġ
ĳ˵Ķӣ
ֻǮǲ飬ͷ֮ȫܴ˵һǻȳǮ֮󣬻ҪͲ֪زܴ˻ֽߣĻϲĲܴܵ˳صĴ
˫شϵ֪˲֪˽ɱŮ֣ôҲ
Ϊ˲ܴ˼αץ
ʲô˰ң
ǮңԺžǮһ˶Ժŭջ֮࣬Ҳһ·֮ϵġ
ȻɹһҾķмǸˣ
Ȼ˾ǲܽã
ô˭ɵģ
ǮĴɻ󣬲̲ס̽ѯʣΪؼ˾ǲܽá
ΪǮٲԸ⣬Ϊɻ󣬻ҵ˲ܽá
Ǵ֪֮Ĺϵ
ǮֻܽǮǸı⣬Ǯǵʣȴ̲סɫһ㶣µ
ȻǴĸ׿УҲʮδֵܣ֪£ע⵽㱻Ǯү򸾸ߣ
ֵ壬ϷҪ´ڲܼҰɣ㲻ҪʿΪǽʿΪԸ㣬δϣҫ棡
ܽĿС
ĵġ
ʳӣǮУҲ˵ľвŻһĸ졣
ΪԵҵķɣ
ǮЩЦǰܽãҫ˭鹣
˵ҲܽõɫǮǴҴ뿪š
ܽɫЩ
Ǯἰܽһĸ
ȥ
ǮǵСû뿪۾

ʱ뿪𿤵ɽϣԨڿͨиš
ͨие飬ԨѾ֪ˣϴʱŲǰȥˣǾƷɵĶģ취ҵǸηɮȰԷ
˳·֮£Ԩлд£
ʵѰηɮԨԳ֡
ληɮЩԨΪȤ
øոͱ¦ӣȥŷŷҲãֵ̫֮ˡ
ӣҪл㣬һ·֮ϲǻ٣ɽĻǲһܹ߹һΣ
ԱߣʱһѭȥȴһŹԻĴӣʱ£ǳ·Ҳ¼ߣԱһƼȣֶһˮˬһЦֱ¹˹˺һְ֣ˮԱһӵľ㸾ˡ
ǸΪɬһڣ
ǰǰͶ׵һԻ·ǡҶ飬֪һҲҪǰԾͬС
ߵĸ˻ϣ˵Իӡ
ԨϲԹɷ֮Ҳɽ˳·һ̡
Ȼҹ·ȷҲЩȫ
ֵܲؿֵҲӣֵ֣ܵлҲһܹκεֵܣ
˵Ц˳һЩ۵ɽ鱨Ҳͨ;վеŸ뵽ԨС
ţ
ԨɫЩ˼֮ɫž˵һףƺЩ£аΪ飬Щ
Ԩں
ɫԨ»˸ԱܷĵطϢһ졣
ԨõϢҪҵĿǰһ˼ҵУΪŽ˵

ʱǣʹȴǵƻͨ
ʳһɽŵա
֮󣬱нΧ˻ʳǣɽŵķΧһֱڶŽɽŷΧɢȴɾ޴뿪˷
գıʣûϢͨԹ󣬴ŹټͻȻʣʱѡ
Ի翪š
һʱ䣬¶෹󶼲ۣټ岻ʣԸÿǲ֮£ټòֻλӣףмλʵֵ׳̫̫꣬ء


24 Ƥè
ͬʱʹһ׮ǰ£Ҳٴαϡ
è̫ӣ
ʮǰֹһ׮£ʺӣһ˫̥ȴ˻԰Ƥèλ̫ӱߣ䡣
ʱҲйΪʺһ˫ʺֶǿƣʹʧӣȴܿץסɢҥ֮ˣȱ֮󣬲ͣϢҥԡ
ڿ⸮

Ӹ
ǻʺ֮أյ㻪ݳޣʺмӣһùټϲ
΢УʺõϢ·ĶӸС
粻ֹ
һ֧֧۵ȼţеĺԶԶı
ʺЩ̾
λ̫ˡ
֮ʹԹգðż屻ǣľ޴ΣգֻΪһ
ʥˣҲΪԼˣ
ټҵ嵽ײǰֻССһη纮ټҾȻ˹ȥȻ̫ҽ˵ǹټҹ౾̫ƣ΢ʵЩǣ
ʱҲһӰӰĿƽĸµĻʺҲֻΪ
ƺӸеŮ١
㣬ʲô㣿
ʺҲӣè̫ӵ¼УϢʧ
λδʺ󲢷ʵ˭֪è̫ӣǻʺΪֻʱǼλ̫
ֱЩ꣬ʺվȽŸ
ŮȰ
ʥˣλӲǵӣҲǳӣ
Ȼʥ˲Ըλ׾ҵУʥӦÿһԼ
ŮȻ˵ޣȴûʺüһЩôģһٻصĹȥԣǾɽܵġ
ʺܷеĶӣǸλã
ֻλѾٻô򵥣ЩԼҲԸ⣡
飬濼һ
Ůԣ΢΢һ
ʵ֪λԲλӣº֮ǰӦı
ôܹ꣬ԺŻʺ֮ټѹƺ󹬣ǼλһʱĺҲδ⵹λλʺô򵥵Ĵڡ

СУԨ˼һŤŤķ򸾣ҹڻֻĥȻһͨķޡ
ϣͨ˵һۣԨѾһ䡣
ԨĿĻҲɫŹֵŴ߳ķˣΪԶʱҲûʲôڡ
ֵܣᵽңɩӸ
ɩӣֻܿ±ɣ
ԻһЦֻǺдеľ
ʱ룬ǰŵΡļ·ɩӵģӶƽһ룡
ԣϷͷһֻϻеǣɬ
ӣ
һ·ߵȺԻ˹
ٳϢˣ
Ϣˣ
ӭԨΪЦĿ⣬Ի󷽷ģСȴ˫ƵЩ糺죬ԲԻߡ
Ǿ̰ɣͷܶ߼أ
ԨЦЦһ˼ĿĵǰС
Ԩվһλ޳ŶӰлһǸɮ
ӰߣڽʿҲΪԨǰĿĵȻҲǴô
ֻǡͬʱԨĿһͬʱһ˿ޱȵĹЦݣͷ֮ڿգصٴηһƺһصϵȻһ̳ڵĵط

Сʱ֮ǰ
ڲܽõġʢ顱֮£ڴӦΪǮռһ
ǮǱܵ¼У͸أ֪Ҳ֪˭ڡӶˣòܼұ˻¡
ܴˣˣӦҵ飬Ҳǣ
ʱƽУһλµϸˣЩߵŶ档
ܽúǮǶһɫۣվƽĽ棬Ӷװ΢ƽȻ΢ܴȻǴ˼Ŀ䣬Ҳ΢ۡ
̫ţֻܷģүʲôʱ˵
Ա߼ͷһģܿ챻ֹܽ
ʦֱֻܷǣֻҪܹΪҵˣԸԲм٣
ܽĳƺǮüͷţֻǰǸҪѰĴ𰸣δ
Ըܹسŵɫһٲз̳֮ǰڷ̳֮ϲûƲƲ֮ԣͬʱȡռȲݣͭǮá
óǽռȲݹͨoʥͨ飬ռȴͳռʽɸСҸΪ׼ȷ
ڷ̳еȼֻ㣬һӣ޻ȼ
ܽãǮһ˼˾Ǹо档
ܹлķˮ𣬵ȷЩѰûеͣ
ƺǲ֪صеľȣ۵Ϊһ˿ɫ
ʩʩȻ̳ȲݣһһԵʥϢȻ֣ƺĳص־ϣǰȲԷת
ʱͽ
ͷ𣬷ӿŴʱŴһɫȻɷףȴȲ˲ȼƲ֮ͬʱȻ
֮Ѥޱȣ
̼ͷһͬ£̳ȻΪһƬŵȫս
ͬʱһױӿڴʱһȴת˸䣬ƽĽ֮ϣܽǮ˷·һŮӵʹ֮ڲܼһĿɿڴУͷת˲ѷ졣
ռ֮˹󲻿ԣռˡ
ɫϻɫ䡣



25 صo
ƽ־мأƽһλңӢţ֮С
ŴʱΪš
СͺƽԵǵõƽӻڱˣ
֮űƽףһɽСΪ˸˼
ⲢǼ򵥵Ĳرܹڹͣ
ɱһĽг֪һһ
Ƿʲôˣ
ֻһռѣõôţ
ըˣ
ǮҲо۱߸ʥԻӲ
Σ񻰣
ȿȣʦ¡
֪ҲͷƤ飬Ѿ׼ѽ뿪
׼ߣ
ȴɫĿޱȵһˣ֮ޣƽ˲쪣
Сģ
ͷɫһڲܽǰֻɫҲЩס
ţ㻹ɱٲɣ
ܽҲڶ£ΨһǮĿ˲ܽǰ
ɱΣѾˣ
Ż毺õ˸֮ɫΪףû˱ƽղܵ˶ɣo
ͬܵ˼شȻ󲿷ַɱƽ˹ȥҲֻӲдһʱ䡣
֣֮
ܹĵЩˣ
Щٸ˸ղѾƽĽ
Ǻ󻼣
γɲƣѹס˲ܽͷǡ
Ϊ֪أΪԱǴգѰַ
֪̰Ϊٲ˺ȻǣҵѹƣѹͣûѰ˺öˣ
Ҫ²֪һˣȴԺ֮һһ´Ǯһۡ
ȴɱʲô֪֪ղŴ˶ĻȺʮۻΪˮܻΣգ

Ȼſеƽ
ƽoĴڣ
ǷѾ߸ܼһҲʮ𾪣
֪ʲôΣգܹһ
ǮǴʱվ˳üͷҲܲϲ֡ˡ
ƽȷΪ˰Żִ
ǮӵĻǮӵϣҾʱǣǶ
˵ɨһ۲ܽãԼʣ¼ͷɫߡ
ʱƽĽУһλµŮƾճ֣ԼԼƺЩѺۡ
Щû뵽Ĵ鷳У
λŮŷ٣Ŵҹ㣬һȻϷȣo
ƽһλصoһλҰصoֵصoȻӵеصoȴûлӦ뷣ȻҲΪһ㡣
ͨĵصoᱻΪа
ΪִͳoͳoҲʶһЩа
Ϊаͨסò۵ĵУ޷άĴڣ
ƽﵹûΪаȻѣȴҲһһڼзı
شͱȽ鷳ˣ
ƽĵصoƽؾΪۣܵа죬ЩҲǼ׽Ұصo
׽һҰصoԶʤ꣬õıͳo׷Ρ
Уƽһͷ
Ǹͷ̽ƽжȻӣ

ɽϻ
ʱһĻȴϲ졣
ԻϻſڣԱһǰ鿴

Իæǰ
ԭˣҽ
ԻϵŽţſڣԻǻϸ˵
æүã
ԱƲ۾Һãֻ۾ԻͷѾ˲²⡣
Ůˣ
ŮŮŮȢ֮ˣŮţûԱоֺ֣Ǻӭ˽ȥ
ԱǸˣһ絽һԨѾ֪ƺʩ̬ԨЩ̾
һԼٷޣǰԻ˼úôģ
ԻԭѾˣֻҵǼƣϺȣȢ֮Σļ·ӶܼԻ
Իû˼˵һλֵʱǽֵȴ˼ԸԼռСʱԻ
Ԩûд˼ͷЩͷ
ſڣԨҲҵҪѰҵĿ꣬һģüѩ׵ĺڵ
Ϲ֮ǳĿȻһλг֮ˣԨǵһοô๦½ĺУǰ
мˣ
ȴѩüһѸÿЦңƶɮ֮˿ɳܲһ񣡡


26 
ԶԶԨĿΪ졣
ͷıصĺټʱͻͽɲʲô˶ܹ蹬ı֮
Ȼепʮǿ
ʦƺռɮ
ԨõϢÿУҵĺнռãھǵĴ¡
ռúڽʿҲأųԭĴɮ֮һ
ǺȻҲһϺУû־Եѩü
ƶɮǹ̴ԽԵƶɮʦ֣
ѩɽǹʦ
Ԩüͷһ̲סڡ
ѩüЩԨҡҡͷ̴ԽϴˣƶɮҵĵطҲڴ£̴ԽԴʦǺˣ
ѩüΪȤ
ԨĿһڵ
Ҳ֮˵λʦ磬Ħµʮλ޺^cתţת붫Ѿ˽ԸڴѩɽУ
޺ת֮ߵУƶɮδ˵ֻǴѩɽеȷебˣ
ǹʦɫЩ̾һЩݷõ˼ԨЩǸ⣬ֻſ̽һ䣡
£ת⣬ʵ
ʦ֪ռʦںδ
ȻǰǹʦͨռʦҲ򵥣ǸĽʿ
ǹʦ˫ֺʮЦ
ʦѾȥֻȥ֮ǰƶɮȺʩʩһʩ뾩֮ʱǰһ
Ԩüͷһ壬ǹʦЦ˵
ʩҲҪᣬʩϷԼ˻ȴƶɮʦǿдߣǾסʩټʩԵǳŽߣ
ԣԨЩ
ҪӵҪزˣ
ԺҪҲֻͨүӡ
ҵңԨҲоΣȷǷԵ
ô꣬ϦദڷϵԣԨҲо̾
ӣ˲˷ˣ
ȻԨû֮Ҳ뷨
ǰϢ紫ȥĸ״ˣָλĸ״а취ôת⣡
ԨԼݣΪһֱ׼ͨиȷЩ⧲

ԨƺΪѴ£ǹʦҲͷ˿λպԴ˲ʲôƫǶڴ¶ԣ鷳
ǰʵѾѯʵĲ࣬Ԩ׼ֻ̣ǿԱߣɫдһ˿֮ɫ
ǱԻõ͵Σļ·Ѿ׼ȥԱҲֻ⡰ӡϾǽģԻһͬ¡
лɫ磬ǻȥˣԻʱЩϲɫ
˶ͣؼֵ֮ϾϿ
л⣡
Ҳ
ԱҲʱԱԨȴ
үѵŮŮСסһδⲻ飡
ã⣡
ԨڣԻ˶Ǹɫһ䡣
ͬʱǱԱСҲ˳λԱһĵ״֮ˣ
ˣˣýͽȥΧףδزۣ˲飡
Ҳãǽվ£
Ա⵱İ嶨ҲԻϾܾĻᡣ
Ի϶ڼٷ޳ˡ
ҹ֮ƺҲϴˣ
ɩģ˯û˯˭˵
ǹʦԱ߼˫ֺʮԨ
Ӵ˻ؿǺİ˻£
ʦδأ㿴Իһ强ĸˣ˰Ķ޶ȵɷȫ
˹֮£
ԨһЦĿԱһ˽ԻңԻȻʣ˶ĵ״֮ɷȫǸ
̰ƺö壬˻Ԩһô˲գһԣ
ԣϺѩü΢΢һϺпλЩˣԨĿɨϺУҪϺչʾġ
ʱ򼵶ͨҲƫִһƫִҪµ鷳˺ͷʹ
ʿԸаħͨǵӦ֣ͬԸһʿʿǾҪĴɵ
Ԩϣ²Ҫ̫֣Ҫȵһ֮ȡ
ԨΨһܹΪȡġ
ԨϺУתֵ
ŴʦǰΪ˻Ե֪Ǽ٣
ϺԣɫһȷˣƶɮʦִΪ·ĴǰʩѾӦǧʯʳ
Żƴɵĵ·ϣ


27 
ƴɵĵȷ·ϣ
ǹʦѩüһĿЩ΢Ŀλӡ
Ԩн飬֪ıлҪࡣ
ƴ֮ʱɵĴɣЩͷ
·֮ϵĺֵȷͻƴһЩϵ
һ·Ϸĺּ֣Ҳ⼴ϼٷλŸ޵˽٣
һ㣬ǹʦռʦģ
ǹʦԽԽԨأԨȴüͷһ塣
оЩͷۡ
ƺһУԭΪիڿ񻰣Ǻ硣
Ԩ˴еһĿģʱѯʡ
ŻƴɣоϷ˼䣡
ƴѾãλʱϷ쳾ȷԼʩţҲ
ǹʦἰƴɣʱЩ̸
ķڷŸ˽Ķ࣬ڵ˸Ҳ˽ⲻ١
ƴɸſ׷ݵʩ֮ϡ
ƴɴʩֻ֮֮ʱཱུһЩˮͽ䣬ֻء
󾭹һʱޣûΪеһԱ
ƴת˼ҾջƣƴԭƳƽиƳ
ƴɳɵ֮㻯Ƴ𣬻ƳԻƴϼٷ֮ҲһֱǱɴ
ֵʱ󺵣ҲǻƳɵڼ
Ԩȴ֪λµǹʦתôͷֻǾԼôһ·ߵϲʡ
ͷת£ֻҪһơ
ú
ͬʱһЩӶ
õǵһ
壬ʺĵϵ壬΢Ԫ΢ԪЩѶȣ
ԵɣлһЩ̣
ԨǶԼġ
λʦȻΪ·ϵǰԵҲһݰɣԺһĸ֯еһָ̣̻ᣬһͬΪʦļ裬Ӧļһֶȱ
ӷʩ˾ٵǹɮʦлӣ
ǹʦĿϲ
ǰԽԽ˳ۣ
λʺڻʼң֮
Ԩ΢΢ףĿʾߡ
£֮͸ʦæ·һ·֮ЩûٵĴʦе²ôеǽŭĿ֮ȴް
ǣӣ
ȣ񣬿óԨΪΣֻƺĮ
ħ£
ǹʦע⵽ߵڣԨƺɳֵĳƺʱҲ΢΢һȻͽûǹʦһϳ˽λպħ
ħ£ÿ£֮ʣ˫ʮ껪ͽÿѧա߾磬ȴ¶зŰټѧڻͨڽ֮λһһ񻰡
λλ˵ʵ˲죬ֻԨָ㺮µ
ʦǴµĴ¸ɮҲĻԵܹôʦ𷨵㻯δ֮ͨ·
ǣʦң
ǹʦ΢΢һЦҲգǾ߰ɣ
̣λ˵ĺôԥʲô취
ԨĿ⺬Цͬӹ¶ѡγĻʼߣѧ֮ϵ裬ȷ˾̾
ܹ̤ͣг֮ΪϵȻŷǷԣ
ԭִδ̤֮ʱѾ㹻ˣ
ȻѾ̤УָֻѾã
ܹõķŴ󷨣ҲǺ£ҲԼ컯
Ԩõŵʦٳɣͺ̸𿤣ϳְæļ衣
ȻȻϵͷ֣ʵһΰǹļȫԨµ̻̻ᡣ
ǲܰæļġ
¸ոհߣԸйˣ
Ԩ˽

Ԩ뿪ǰУ֮һĵط
ʮַˮ
Ϊλг֮˶λõ֮󣬻Եˣ
ԨȻҲϲյ鱨ϵͳ֮̽󣬵
ΪȤǲгֹһӰ
˻ʯҵ

ʱͨи
ķܲĽŰ˲棬ɰޱȵŮҲûһЩ
Ϣһһ뱻µ飬Լĳӣп˵
ڶϢ
ټһ԰Ϣò˶ãعԱ϶õϢ
©ƫҹ꣬ոʧȥһӣڶӿҲסˣ
ޱ顣
һţֻм֣ʥ跨Ҫλϣ
۵ЦҪ˼򵥵ĶĶӣûţ
ʥҲУ


28 ̩ɽʯʥ
ʦ㣬ֺαʥʥλ뿪Ҳȣ
ʱһλɫ·ӰվһԣҲŷ٣󸾴硣
ʱϴһŴɫƵߣ֮⡣
֮ʿ
ö˵ʥ˵ҸʱӦҵͬ⣬ܴ
ԣȹ۵̾˿
ʦ㣬㲻ΪԼǣҲӦΪӿǡ
΢Ϊã΢ҪԶԶǿӣƣ΢Ҫɳ֮Ըδܹӡ
ӡ
ɫһͥǴգͨһЩ츳سܹӦǵĴڣܵĹӡ
Ȼ󲿷ǻԵɺϣȫĺȻĵ컯ɡ
ӡһγɣְƷܹ䣬Ҳƹ
翪⸮ǸӣΪĳƺ۵Ĺӡڤڤȡһ˾Ȩͨ
سպǵѾлõ뷣Ϊڤޡ
Ҳһ
һֻӳ֮󶼻ᱻԾλǵϵĻӣԵˣֱӷ
Ҳÿһλܹ΢ӡ
΢ӡѰӡܸǿ
ֻܹ۳ӡĻ壬ëǣֻйټҵù˼ӳ֮󣬲ϣӡ
Ϊʺĵӣǵʥ񣬸׸һλ΢ӡĻӡ
ȴЦһǱҲз񣬲ֻлʺӵ񣡡

֮ӣȻҲǷ֮Ů
֮Ůһ˿컯ܹӣˣ֮ŮĻӣҲӵűѰйӸ΢Ԫ
΢ǵĹУ÷֮ŮɻӡĿܸһЩ
ԣȴҡҡͷ
ǲһʦ㵽ײйʺ󣬷Ӳ
δأ
ɫ䵭ֽķϵŮȴһֺԻ
ܵѹߵͷ΢΢һҲټ֡
ϣʦܹһʦȻʵǷһܹסӣʱнҲǷӿλ֮ôƽ˾
ʥػд鷳
£ѾȻȥ
Ϣ쳣
һĻտȫϡ
ȷӸλʥ˶ԼӵĿӣƵĿӣ»һЩĻĴڡ
еС鷳
ɫ˼ΪѵĻΰ΢
ֻǲԼĶôľ籩УЩδѡ
һһõˣǲǿԱ಻ҪΣպͻۣ
һ仰ϿǸλҪڣ̫ˣеģԼĶҲһҪУ
Ķӱֳ˷ͬһǻƥ

УʯҴլ֮⡣
ʯҵʱһȺҡУľΧֱҡͷ
ˣ³¯Ĵ
ҪдŵĶԳֻ֣Ҫӡ
ϺõƤë

ʱֵ֮ϣ쳣ֻ֣ǿʯҵǰмȻֹ
У
ʯҵһĻʱŸϹӼ˾ҪǰʯҵѵֹһĻͷЩ䣬ʵСʱʮСܵ۸ñ䱾ֻΪͯجλӰ
ʱеǰ汻ΧסһȦԶԶĻʼ˳Ķ顣
ϤҲС
ô£
ʯҵʱڲУĸطĲ죬طԭֻһƬյأʱô֡
ԱйȲļǰȥ̽Ƭһ˷ܵ˻ԶԶ͵
үҴˣһĵʿܲ⼪ףˣųֱϣв׼
ʿţƤôô񣿡
ʯҵĿһʱһ񣬲ܱϷŪĲˣϷŪѾϷŪˣҪµӡ
ҸղŸСҲȥˡ
˵ʯԣԱߵĹӶʱ˵ˡ
ŶÿǰȥԵǵʿ㵽ʲôʯҵǺ档
ʯãţ˹ϵõġ
µģʯҵʱţ۾һɣ
˵
ʹӰͷ͵ƨϵ˵СıߣֽټֳҸδضַɣգ
ʲôʿƨȥ̯ӣ
ʯҵòȻŭʱһѳǰӣ̯


29 ֱ
֮£һλŴ۵ĵʿΪһλŮ㣬ʱһλŮ̯֮ǰһ˫˫Ŀʱ÷
ʿ᲻ԣôô᲻գ
Աߣ
ǰʦǶˣʲôСһһܹκãм٣
ʯĲ񻰣Ǹҵ
ǿǿ
ǶʯԹԣʲôĻð˳
лʦĲ㣬Խ𣡡
ʯȻͷѿԽֻߵѾ߶Щߡ
ⱻԨ۽ֻЦЦ
ʯԵǿԣԸһʯԡ
ʿ˵òգ
Ǳߣʯҵ˶Ѿ֣ŶӵȺױһ˫ţ۾Ԩ׹⡣
ԣң
ԨĿŵЦ⣬ЦʯҵǷᡣ
˵˵ƻģҪ̯ӣ
ʯҵŭʯͷϵıܹڮ٣ҪƵԨֻ̯תɫһ䡣
УСС̯ǧ
Դһûм¡
ʱԨĿз鶯ԣԡʯҵǴִ֫ٺȫҩܣκεͳʥУΪϵ
鵽ģʯҵƴϵԨȼյϧ֮⻺
ǲѹգǲǲʣ
ʯҵʱѾĿԨǵ壬ĥ
ѪҼѾԽһЩֺ֣
Ԩҡͷ̾˴ΪɼǣҲǰ׷ĻH֮ҲֻɵѹһЩ񣡡
ô֪
ʿἰɵƴɣʯҵɫһ䡣
ɵƴصˣʱʥСޱȵõ˽˶壬Լ޴ޱȵ
ʯҴһ鲼ºţΪһ˼ҡ
ô֪֪ĻҪ࣡
ԨĿйһһֺɸֵǳʯҵ
ϼ˶ĺɴɼǣϣ츣ħգ
֪пǣɣ
ԨԣֻŻʯҵԨн˽⣬ȻֻǾ˽һЩо磬
ʯҵԼڶУȴĺĳӣ統ͷȡ
ֻһĻڽֽǵļʱԵ÷ͬһ㡣
ʱֵֽյҹԼع
ΪССһӣСȴһȱΪȫ
ĸɵĸˣ
ҵҪҪ֣
һɣλƺڵ㻯ʯҵţ
ҹعԶԶһĻʯҵأǻƴտ֮ˣȻܵ
ԨoҲЩɣǷĿʿУֻǾʣ󲻿ԡ
ȻܹüλoԨˡ˿ɵǣԨǶǵһƺֳʮ˽⡣
ɣҪȨҪȨ𹦵õĸ֮ҵĥ𹦵£ҲױȨɣġ
ʧȥȨ淴˵ֻأС

֪ĵˣֻµͨͬһ㣡
ڽһλѮҲ̯ķɫƺЩš
λУԨѾһ㼫صĹ⻷
ͷ
ʱһλĵˣаȣ

ʱһλ棬ձŮӣҲüͷ
⣬һλפڲѰɲݣ»ϼѣ
ɲɲݣҲһλӣ֮ʱűħ䷲һУɲ۵¶ӵЧܹԪһָܹò־ڱصá
ŮһһȴΪһԷӡһıͨ߷֣ȴǸԲ֪Էڡ
ֻȴɫһ䣬ƼһĿƺ޵˹űζɫͷܿ˳Ⱥȥ
š
ԨɨȺУ˵۵һ˿ɫʵֻǼװˣڸ˵ĿɨһΧǼo
ȴû뵽ƺյ֮ջ
ңǱʯҵͷأͷҲЩңֻȴǿ棬ٹ˲̯ӣʯԾߡ
ԨҲᣬܹǰ㻯ʯҵǰ׼һݹ£
ʱ·룬һƺδ˯ѵԱ߹ԨһסЦСҪҪһԣѵŶ
ԨĿȴһ彣


30 𣬹
ң
ǲӣץӱߡ
Ԩֲ֪ӣֻΪ屻䣬ŻԶ˯ѵë
繫ӣģϿһ˵ܰ㣬˯֢
ԱߣپѾʶδ޾ܾĵù
˵ϲȷ˻ǿߣ
հ汾ģ
ˣҲ죡
Ǹƭӣ
ԨһмӶƮѭȥԨĿϲе彣֮ϡ
һʽӵĳͭŽ
Ԩüͷһѣű˵˵˻ǲǺܲã
ף˵мֵУ
Žڣɽϵʱ̲סɡ
ǸɽҲǧɽĪаʦϲ彣Ȼı
һ棬ҲǴ˫һԣ쳣
⵹Щܹ̽ϢӡһӰӾ硣
ӰӾЩ䣡
ҲһһӻǣҲǰѰң
Ԩ⽣н꣬Դҵ⽣֮Ԩ֪⽣֮
Ľ̥ÿΪı
ΪˣܹǼıԽԽãƵģϾʦ۵ĵޣܷɢ̫ķ֮ϣѡȡõΪǡ
ܰҽ˯֢
ϲʱΪϲȫұ˯֢ˣ
ֻҪ˿˯֢֮ۺʱεأ˯˵·ϣ˯ȥ
򣬼ص·˴£
󷢴ȱҽ˯֢
ϲ˵ţȴǿ˯֢ˣЩҡҡλΣֻųû˯ȥ
ԨƲһϲһηϲڣʱϲ״̬
Ǻˣ
ϲʱϲޱȵԨ
ô򵥣ֻʱʱѶѣԱֱϵƣ
ЩУ
ǳĸɽЩȵһĻϲܿ˯ţûжùæ귨Ҳָ״̬
Ԩɫ΢ڵʮ⣬ÿģʹùڵƺ񾭹һδƷʮ֮ߡ
ӵһЩ쳣ħܣ
ѹһ䣬ûеôѡ
ʵʵվԭأȺظԨɫһߴϲиģ
ʵһ㣬֮ʮϲ
ϲʵ˴򽻵ִ֮ģܹô˲֪еϵļߡ
ԨǸط˶˴СѧԼƭӶܵ˺
ǲģֻǳԱʱǻоƣ
ԿϲԨԸӻƱʱ
Ȼ»Ҫ׬ģ
Ϊ˹ģ壡
ʱеĹģһֱδѣ״̬ܲ
ԨЩɣǲǺԼ͹Ĺֵйأ켶ģҪһǧСֻоŰС޷ѹģ壡
ֱܲࡣ
ϲһֱЩȴλ˵Ĵ𰸡
ԨɽĶԻͨ͸ɽϵˣǰλǸбµģƭӡ
ʱֻλ˵
鱾ƶӦò֣Ȿнѣɹ֮˶һ¥Ϊ˴ƣˣƶǰһЩָ㣡
廹ϵˣϸ֮£Ҳǵش󻧣Ϊλû䣿Ϊ˶ôһ˿˯֢ȥլһң
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ϲ˼ˡ
ϣϲˣǰԵȴԽˣֻԨȴǽʾԵʱˣ
һȺֻʧ뿪
β飬Ҫ
ԱߵСУ뿪Ԩͣβ࣬˻ʱ͵ҽܣ˵˷֮󣬶ҽЩҽҽǴ´ࡣ
ʱſ˫֣ģ֮ϣƽ˸
һ죬ʮСҲ⣬ò˼죬ܴܿһǧС

ڲϣ񲢲Ǻܶ࣬ȴࡣ
һΪΧĴǰݣ
ƴɵߴ󣬻ƴɵȻҪλܻӭ
λʥĴԶ֮ϡ
ȰƴȦﶼģ
ʱλҲע⵽ԨһϵжʵԨôߵƴɲעⶼУ
ҵķĿҲʵ
ʱڸߴУƴΧϢŨɫİƣ˾УƴΪɣִƲȨġ
ĳֱȽǿȨְܣ
һ
ĿУԨ뵻ǵУͷ֮޴Ӳ鿴


31 ˣ
ֻܹܹķĿ졣
⼸˲ǴħǴɣ
ƴѡǺһֻ֣ĿУλ˿˿ƽ⸡ֳ
ع֮
ͷۣ
ƴɸоЩΪѣ
ǻƴɵĵ̣ܳСͱˡ
д˵ģλµ󣬻ƴɵȻԼҪıȡԼҪıȡλҲԸ⡣
ֻҪ˻Ե㻯λԵˣǹɣвٹ¡
ԭƾŻƴȦܻӭĳ̶ȣѾ׵ͻȻһλİġ񡱣ǶԷִҪзһ治
ҪҪһλѣ
ƴЩ뷨ֻֻǸҪȥԷӦҲҪǰ̫ӶԷ
ֻ·ϣڰƳ˽٣ʱ֮û
ͬʱƴҲʯҵʯҵɶܵ𶯲Сǵ֪ʯԽԼ
ʯңѾŵˣʯٴιȰʯҵҪƾ٣ҪʯҵȻǷԼҵǮƲˣѾûô
СӵȷҪһĥ
ʯҵרᣬƴȻѹĶݣֻ䱾
ʯҵϻģ
Ҫȷķӣ
Ժ跨ĥһλɶӵӣѾˡ
ʱжأֻȱϻʯ
ƴɵķա
Ԩֵ㻯ʯҵϲ֮󣬱һ
еȴŸɽĵ
¹Īаټɽһģ
ʵԨҪ̬ĳ棡
ϲԵǧŽ̺ǧһ˵Ľǣͻƴҩʯҵĵһ
ԨδǧʱϵĹģ壬ƵЧܹͬĥĵ壬øԨص̥ıʣöʯ齣ƺܹںϣ
һ֣ǲף
ЦЦϥ֮ϣԨʼĥʱ׳󣬴ĥУ᲻׳תΪԪʲôʱԪܹϣʹ̤硣
ѾΪĴڣѾ̤㳤Ż޳ԪҲֱֻܹأδһת
еö۵ǴԨֶͨΡ
ĵڡ
ɢԨͬͨһƬٵصĺڰ뵽һƬδ֪֮ء
ԨһοԼǣ
ΪӵǣԱǲһ
Σ¥֮ϣǳɢǹ⣬ͬƣһž޴ɫγҫ۶ĿӦΣ¥
˵ĺһϹ֮С
ԨһּܵĸоԨһֱֻҪЩϹ⣬ƿĿʼ
ֻѰվڵϸϵǳѾС˵
ֻвǹ⣬ԿԪܹ̤֮;
ͨڹԱ֮УһĹ̡
ֻͨȻ֮ǣȻ֮۵֮
֮ͨϲΰǣԿ̳ɹӡ
Ԩʱû취ֻܱ˿˿Ϲⴹ굱Уһ
ЩеһƵתֻǵɱ֮ƺӵħܣӰ졣
΢ԪԨӦǼ£ȫ֮󣬻дϲ

ʱ׾Թ϶ۿ죬Ԩ̧ͷſڣ
ȻѾˣɣ
ˣ
һɳȵ紵˿ɲǼһ֦ΪҽһɫһɫƿշΪһλƤףϺݵǷˡ
һɫ
ǿĵУ
Ԩɫ΢΢һһɫܲףԨ𻹱δȡĺħ
ԨЩ⽣ɽӲװĸ󣬿¾Ҫ¶ˣ
ʦвͣڲΣյĵطҲԱѡ
ɽʱüͷƬԨΪĿУǵϥأ
ǰлֱ˵ɣ
ϲҲԸǰܸĪа䣬ɽԸǰǲ
ʲôԨѵߵĻ˻ȥϹ
ɽʲô
Ԩ²⣬֮ɽӦǻȥԲһʲôȴԨ»ʵ
ƶ˵Ҫ潣أ
Ըʹɽü㡣
һѾ˺ܾãĪ˵ЧǸֵɽҲԸġ
ãƶڲ̸Īа䣬ƶ֤֪ܿ𰸣
ԨĿЩ΢
Īа״̬Ѿ޼Իˡ
޼һͷǧĳԭҲһҪ޳ֻײɷ죬ıˣվ֮£ħ
ħǿһӵżķʵöԸ
ģ廹ڣԨѾȥȥħˣģ岻ֻݻ


32 Բٴγ
ڸɽݷԨͬʱһλ޵֮վڶУĿ֮ɫ
λǹڵķˣ۵״Ŵһ˿ӣüһߵۣʣм
ӣ߶ħһΡ
ȻԳųѰĹע
Ϊ޳ǣ
ǱУӶó߼٣

֮ԨУһ޺ɫģ֮ϣΪһֳֵ̤ͣصĺˡ
ˣ˷ӿ
ĿصľӰ·ϹĵС
ģ塭Ƿ񻨷Сֵһ
ԨŬ»ָһǧ֮󣬹ģԸָ
Ԩɫϲ
ɽԻ֪֮дɣʵΩ޵֮ȣɵ֮дˣ㲻ӯɽ֮һ
ǱݵĽޡ
ӵżޱȵľͬӵзصͨ
ǿͨԨĿһ𣬴֮վµģĳȼü֮
ܲܲȫһ֮ͨϵĶ̰壬Ϳˣ
Ԩ뿪Сǰ֮⡣

Ԩ⼸ڲΪΧʱ䣬ϲųò׻صլ
зӣ̼լ˸飬Ȼûҵ̼Ҽ˯֢֢ڡ
ϲЩɣ
ǵǲƭ
;Уȴǵõ˼֥ķ񶨡
ϲλ˵ȷеˣ֮δȡ
ҵ˵˵ҽ磬Ӧò٣
֥ϼŮȻرƯǹζ׸Ⱦˡ
ϣ֥ܻӭ
ἰλˣ֥Ϊ磬ǿλΪκ֢
ϲҪϸңһ㣡
ȥһң
ϲĿĵĿһۼ֥ÿŮߣرĸˡ
ϲԭиδ޵ģδǲϵĴҹ㡣
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һΣŻԼͽҽʱ򣬱λСԸܾˡ
ʯҵƣָΪ˺ˣ
ϲһ㶼ϧʮң
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̼ҵլ֮УԨȴϵˣѾϲլټ
һĳ
棡
Ԩһο棬իƪĿУȷԵɺϻΪļ¼УҲԵɺϣܻǧٹֵĳӡ
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ʱУһ޵ҵķϳ֡
һޱȵĲɫڷŨԹԹһɷ˼
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Ԩһ㷨֣ʱΪһڷԻĺ׾ٽ̼ݷ֮ϳ
ʲôˣҪʲôʱ汻ȻģɫԹֻȻӡлѹ
ŤӣͷԹڿҪݣֻǱлסӴܲ
һ˫Թ쳣ĳĿԨƺҪ˶ɡ
ȷ컯棬ҵѪĹ࣬˵ܻǿ
ԨĪ뵽еղصѪᦡ
Ѫǿ
ѪѪٽǿԻΪס˵ѪѪӣħƥ
תԨնȥһ˿ħ޳ѪԷ书
ƾģ壬òѪаŷ
ãƶǼΪСĻɢ
Ԩֽ˦ȥ
棬Ԩ׼ȡˡ
ⶫȻԨ
ָϲ䣬һϲܹҲܹõһЩ·ģ
ԨгҵĿ꣬һեܵĿ꣡
ԨʱгһССֽףһߣֽͬ˹ֱɽһ춴
լ
ԨĿУϲͼ֥ͬլ
ԨĿڼ֥ͣƬ̣ǲһλԵˣҲǻƴɵһҪ㻯Ķ
֥ʱѾǰ֮壬֥ʯҵһͬӵԼڱˮе֮ʱΪɲȡ
ɲݵһɲԪܷͬɼǣһľз
ԨԼ֥Ĺ۲죬֥ȷǸǲԼѹֻƴ˿á
к޳Ȼ飡
̤լ
ԨĸԤټϼ֥İƾ˵ĳ֮ģ̼լУһԹ
ϲҲ֪ĸԭҵĳԩ֮Թ̼ңԹޣŻ̼˱˯֢ĥ飡
ڻĶԹ֮ϲЩɱ䣡

УԨڵȴţͷϡϡ£Ȼ͡
ʱһ紵
һɫӦԼ
ɽʱĿ췢˫˲߻¶ϲ
ңĪа
õԨٻɽӳӦԼʱɽѾȲˣ
ԨתͷĿ⣬ֱӽƴ𰸵⸽ĪаΪһƣ¥ޣ

ɽ˫˲伸ǲȻ֪ŭһʱԪһ⸩ϲϣڵķȥ
ŸɽߣԨɫ⣬öԸóڹƶһԾǧŰپʮŸ֮пҲǶС


33 أ˺
ħ
޼ԳƣͣϽ´С֣ҪΪ
ħֱħƣͨһ㡣
ǾͨȻҪԿ
ɽȻļҲû³ç궼ȹʱ䡣
ɽѡ͵͵ħ
ֻǸɽȻ̫СĵС
ħħӿӵȡɷ𲻶ϴħӿ֮
ɷһĴ糤ж죬ʱħɽ͵͵ûħڵһʱͱˡ
ýħ
ħӿ߸ǵ˸Ц֮ɫɺ˫Ŀһ˲ɳħС
ħڹƶһѾõħͷɽû̫ĵֿ
Īа¥Ҳס˺ţǰйħѹ£ֻУɽǱһħУεײɽ֮ϣá
ħѹסϲڵĸɽԪ
ħԶһһһλ۵ӰħΧС
ԨЩüħħԲ޾İԹ
ħ֮ǳ
ô֮ǰлһһծۡ
סְɣɱûˣȻȰ⣬ԨѾɽͷ֮ϣĿĮ֮ɫ
һֱǰɿ⡣
ôˣ
ħУĿǵȻƮӰü΢΢ţϴһ˿ɵ
мϣԶԶһ֪ǰ˺ܲǣ
ɫͫ״֮⣬߳ħС
ʲôˣԵôħ
ȣЩȻ֮⡣
ȻмɵûоµɫɭȻɱⱩǡܲϲֲɿصĸо
ֻһѰ˶ѣΪ˵ն
ԨɫŰ壬Ǹͨʿֻ˵仰ʱԨо൱վڵƸߵϣˣԷˣȷˣ
ֻӻ֡
ٷϻɱˣձ֮գ
Ԩ˵赭дУ
𣬴󵨣
ϴʱѾתȻĹǺߵļͷ˵˳裬Ҳù
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Ϊ׵ǱħƵĪа꣬ҲŮ¥ޡ
콣˪ѩ潣ĻӶ֮£Ԩɨ
Ԩɫ䣬ֽ⿪ɫ«ʱʮħȥ
Сģǵʿķ
գڷļͷͷɫ䣬ܵԱ⣬ˡ
ҲǺһصĴ֣޷ӦǰԵޱȵ
ʮɰԨĴ߶£ͬɫγɵĳֱһɴ
巽ɰеɰ
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ɰȫûã
⴫ȷͬһ㣡
Ԩᰵ̾ʱȷתս֡
¥޵ħȻȲĵУƾ񽣣в޹ģ壬ֻѡӴܣ
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Ǿ޴ħ֮Ʊ£ͷ֮ƺѾ
ôһߣ
ߣ
ʱյУƴɵȵͷѾע⵽ħĶһйս
ܹһָŵҲֻлƴɡ
ʱƣΧƣƴɷĿЩ¡
Ǻ֣ޣһʮֿµޡ
ͷӦֻǸѪѪͳ򲻿ֻԭʼɣ
ɵģ
ڻƴɷĿУͷƻڱ֮䣬ӴȻһϢƵԨͷ߸߰Ѫſ֮ȻԨɶ
˺δûƴ΢΢üͷɵ֮˵ĵͨñҧУ˶ҪԿ
һ̣ƴȴ¶ݣֻͷƺƿ𶯣һ޴Ӱг֣ѸûԭӰ
ٴ㣬̫Сˣֲ׳
ƺԭֻ˵η׳ת˲Ǳħڵɽ廹Ҫ޴󣬿տɫƣƺв֮𵴡
·ʱ߳ĹϾˣӵ˺ľ޴ɽĳ֣ζ
ɭȻһֻ̽ͬץСһ㣬סʮɳߴ֮Ǿɽ壡
һȺoĿޱȵһĻ
ǷͨƴҲǼз


34 
أؼ䴫˵еĶͨ
ҲĴֻͨͨЩϡ
ڻƴӡУշֶͨҲ࣡
ͷҪùˣ
ԱߵoȻûͨҲ֪ƾǿֲһͷ϶׸
ܵߴ֮ϿֲҲĵѣֲֿͨ󣬳ȾǿҲס޴
޴Ĳž˵ֱۣͼŤϾֱۣȴΪһָֻ׽סһ

֮£ߵһʱ俪ʼٻħлڴеķ
ҪǧŰپʮŸ֮꣬ʱвʮԲδԲóȻȡԪͷѾ˲ˣ
ħкӿʱħ̴Ĥ֮
ϯͬ糯ž˺ɨ
һӶ۵ħɽͼ䣬󣬻κһλ޵ֻ֮Ѿˡ
Ⲣͨħ֮ĥħǣӵŽڲ֮
ɱ
Ǳ¥ĿҲ˹潣ǰδеͬɽ֮һ£ƿն
Īа
ɽʹޱȵһĻֻԪ񱻷ӡ޷ֻ¥Ϊ
ڸɽϣһ
ԨʱоƺƵһָһκѪѹסĪаָһĪаƺһѪĳɫⲨУѪɣתɽƺ
˱ûʲôѪ֮ǿֱ춯أ
Ѫ˷ͬڿա
ǣ
ƺħ޺ɽҡǬڱѵѪУɽƮҡ
һ֮Ѫոճħһͷͷħ˲顣
Ѫħ˺̫ˡ
ƬƬħ飬ֻħĶǽϣ³һףħеɷħ¿ʼָ
ָֻֻ̫ڻǱѪ˸
ˣ
ԨĿͬһľߣʵʮɵľȷ̫ˡ
ܹɽޣɽεӴ
Ԩе㻳ɣھѵĻǷ״̬ˡ
ϣһһǧߵʱͳ
ϣߵȳܰ㣡
ߵߵҩ൱ÿҩ
ʱǾ֣Ǿ
ۿߵͳɢ
ʱԨĿת
յУâ֣һλǹڣüһߵ۵ݵ˴ӽ߳
ˣԨ۵һ˿ɫ
ڻˣ
ʱȻߵͳʢûеһʱȥǻޣʱʵʡ
ӣ
д˫һͬУǵҲǷޣֻǰӱħڶħ
ȻԨӵĺȴ̣
ߵһǺαأ
Щ͵ųߣʱþԻ´ϾʹôĹޣ֮أĵѾ塣
ڳ߶ħѡӵʼ޷ƽ
ӣ㵽׻ˣ
ԨĿӣһ˫Щӡ
ĿصķݱɫϹĵԭʼϢԪǺѪա
һ־ͳ߼Ҳ޴һ£
λǰֶΣͨ泬
ǰһֵ
ǰǰ飡
ԨɫЦÿɷ񡣡ӣҪ飿֪ɱ˶飬ħкã
˵Ԩ˫дһ˿֮ɫңԣɢǸã
˫Ŀ峺ɫ죬ǰλ˲֪ǺҲֻ֪ǵг
ֻȻݹ֣ǰˣҲΣ
й
һдĸԴԸɢȥһУǰһ棡
˵ţӵϥأ
֮ǰӼоϣ
ԨЦһһǹƽЩָ˭Ҫ
ʱɽ֮ϣһͷͷħУƺħڻۡ
ԩ
ЦԸɢУЩǽħǰֻأ
ʼɫ̹Ȼ
Ȼⷬȴһֱ˴ɫ졣
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ӵĴۺ
ӻͷȻҲܻͷ
ɣ
Ԩֱ仯
㻹ҩɾȣԨĿ⵭ĮǴһȻܰħԨֻܳɱߣ
õԨϿɣһҲԱ߳ߵĵһ½֣ʱͬɢ
ɫɽͣȾɽɫɢ⡣
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ӿҲɴ˵ȹ½ɢȥҪ»ۣв֪ҪѶʱ䣬ֲ
»꣬ħ֮УϨɷ𣬷ųǧħصħڹˮУһͷͷħϱϴȥħΪӫĻǣԨһݣڤֻأ
ͬʱŨޱȵʼ룬ֻȻС̺ɫԪ񣬵һ
ԨһĻͷȴ˴ĸȴ֮õһԨͷС
ǱߣһɢȥɫЩ԰ףļ󣬵ֳԨһ
лǰ
޷ԼѡֻҪ㵽ʱ򲻺ھУ
ǰһٺڣ
ӲĿⴹʹϧʧȥߵʱ
ֺＸ䣬иԳһ⻯Ϊ⺭
ǰʱмżһЩ컯ҵȼޣǰҸԵ˴Ϊȥ
еġʹƾҲһŴУǰΪã
һۣʱΪһڿն˲ʧ
ԨһĻе飬ĿЩӡ
е׻Բ
շ˿񣬻Χ徻ʵҲкӵĽС
ʵиõѡԨɱ˴ߣ˴ۣ˽ٶɹ룬ֻҪٿһʱ䣬ƾӵĵУóɵѣ
ϣӻѡɢȥ£У
һжֵã
ԨĿµһ飡
Ԩ۲죬ӵĵʮǶڷãּȻɽɵͳС
ĵУԨȱٵģ
ô
Ȼģ壬Ԩû˴ҪӲ


35 ƴ
¡¡
Ӵߣ𹬾Ҷʼ߽⣡
ħеħħʼ̮ҡ
ͬʱһȺͳʧǵĿһĻ
ѹΧôħˣ
ͳֿʼ־
ɱǻǰأ
ʱΪǿľȷ˹ɫĹ
ҵ㶼Ϊħȣ
ˡҵ
һȺͷҲæϥ£ɫ̿֡
Ѿ˵ӣѣҷ
ǵȷصͨ˾޴Ӱ
ɲǼ֣һȺoҲѾΪ֮塣
ԨƳ˼˳һۣûô⡣
߰ɣȻЩƶóҲƣֻǲܿħͷϹƣΥЧ
ԨʱͷãҲ׼Ϊ⼸֡
ԣ⼸ֺ޼һģжǾ߼߼ǣ
л
лҵҵպ󶨻ƣ̤Ḻⷬˡ֮
ԴϲʱԨҪж˳ж˳
ԨÿɷĵͷֻһŮϿһۣһͷ
˵ľŮ
ЩܹӴ˸аǵǲԨһ棡
һȺС磬ܿɽȥˡ
Ԩ׼Ҹطвһ
ڲˣԨĵ
ʱͷĻƴɵۿҲͷǰкȻѾˣұλ˿ˣкδ̫
ԨʱȻ˼ȫϵ֮ϣҲӺ⼸λ˵ϼ䡣
ò˻ƴɵԨ˵ȥʩȣĿԱԾ޷ϲԼϲϵĸɽ꣡
һɽԪ֮Ϸħ䡣
Īа
ɽոջָɣ̲סϥ£Ԩ
һ԰ɣ
ԨƳ˸ɽһۣĪаղűѪɽͣʱӦشˣ
Ԩղſסһ

µǺ֦ڣ
ƴ뿪ħ֮󣬷ϵ˾ɫЩΡ
Ŀɨһ۲λԵ֮ˣ޼ԭӦ˵ĽѣҲ޼ĥ£ɹµĻۣΪպķ¼ʵĻ޼ûô죿
ɣ
ƴҲֻһһˣλԵ˻ʲô򣬻ǵÿԼǻ
ʵڲУƼǽ붴츣С
ƴɸоֵֹģܾʲôԣ
ƾλԵ˵ɼǣκζ츣أҲǵմ˵ĴԽ̵Ĳ
ڶȫƻԼҼƻλˣƴȫûԵĴ㣡
ΪȻҪ
ġˡ
ƴЩλˡĸţȦҲǼʶ㣬֪λˡĴڡ
еˡ

ڲ⣬ҲһλޱȵŮħϵı仯
һλŮȻֲ£βסϵĻ֮Щ࣬һħķɫЩ޿κΡ
Ȼȥʱͨӡ뿪é̫Զ

ǿɺ֮ˣŮϴһ˿ߺޣһ󲨶ɽʯƯֻһתܿ컹ƽϢ

õ̫ԭʼˣ
Ѿ̮СħУԨɽڣɽɽŻԹȥĪаꡣ
Ԩ˲ٵʱ䣬ҵɽеĪаꡣ
ʵԨֳĸһ·ԨЩ¶ڡ
һ·֮ϣԨЩģ
ȫԲĴһֱڣ¶ڵʱ
ֶ̫һˣȻʼѣкͷӲ
ЩصĽħֶΣõúãܹսԼɱӡ
Ʃڴ֮УоϵģϷȻҲоϣͬսװ޷з
Щװ֮˶ԣͨ
Ѱ¥ޣ۷һ۾ܹҵԷĴڣڿԭʼֻ޸ӦλûҪѰҡ
ߵĵУȴ˰
Ԩڸ涼Ѱʦǿ־ãûӦֶΡ
һ屦ֻǿã
ڷѾ˽İ취
˶Ƭ֮ȡ͵һ顣
Ԩһӣһη֮ϵһ˸ĻƷӡ
Ʒߣڶпʼܰϼ⣬ԨĿȥ
ʯ
ȡģֻǿ˼ۣԨʱüһһ˿ϲɫ
ȷ룬յͳɽɴУ
ô˴УװˣҲЩ


36 
֮УԨԽɫԽ
Ҳͬʱˡʯ
ⲿ鴫éɽʦééճɵ֮һ²еĻС
ʱֻһͷֽߵӻá
ƿҩ
˶̤֮;
ʯνɽΪĴС
ͬҲбĳЩ֮͡屦ûʲô
ȻһУ
֮ӵĸǵУߵȽ׵ıǶ֮ħ֮νһӦȫ
ȻصĲ࣬Ǽ¼ʮţ쳣Ԩǳ
Ʃ֮
ʯһݷҲһżޱȵĶݷһ񶯣£Իգ硣
֮⣬иᡣ
ͨԡصéϵһЩţȴмֵ¼ޣ棬־֣ҩȵмֵĶ
ҲһЩš
ЩԨΪȤУЩʱ䡣
ҪĪаеĿܷţʹƾ
ʹƾһƵ飬ҲĴУᡣ
ϲǸֹƳ֮ƱƳ档
²Ǹֲޱȵħаŷ
Ԩ֮ûʲô뷨ȽϸȤƹƳķš
ƹƳķŲħͬһش
ֻҪõúãԷӳ
Ԩܿҵгеһħ䣡
䣬Գκʿ仯Ϊħ
ȡ
ԨɨһۣĿΪ΢
ĿҲѿħ֮
ԨҪѧħͷЩħӵŲ˼ܹħħ½ħȾԪΣޱȣ
ֻ޳еħܶԿħͷ
úõײԨûȥûǰ;ͽ
ƾŶԶĲԨҲƽ֮
Ȼ΢ʱڸɽĪаʧΪѵĴʽ

ʱڲ⣬һӴİڽӽӿ̣;
Ǵ˲𿤳еǣߣߵҾƵأһ򣬾ڶע⡣
ܵ˲ڶ̻׷̶ӵĻ𿤶ǽ֮˵ԼΧС
̶ͷΪ׵һλװ׳˶ĺӣĸĵĵڸ̶֣еĻ
Գǿ
Ϊ׵ĺ
Ǿװӳ裬ܿͺ͵ص䳤˵ãֳһСԺӣͣ졣
Ž̰򳤺ͼߣպӱĸվԺ
Ǳ⼸һǡ
һΪޣʣµĻδ㱻պӸϡ
ԣ
̾Թ޺üСѲ
Ҫһ鷳
λỤԣ΢ŭ
һλĻȲסѯʵˣô
ԣ̩һֵȫȥͨиõϢλģпܾΧҵһҪ֮ǰҵ
ǣ
ԣ΢΢֣ܿȥɫࡣ
ڳ͢ʳ˾ˣʳ˾йѲؼְ֮˵ڼְ
һҪ׷ʮҪʳ˾˲ҵ𿤻ʳ˾˾ָʹȶѡǰ
ĸСӳмָʹɢƬطΧ
ڻʳ˾˻ʱһֱڲлԾĺ֯ԱҲǵĴڣһʱ㱨
ˣƺѰʲôˣ
ջУһӰĻ㱨ɫɻ
ˣʲôǻʳ˾Ҫҵģ
Ҳ֪»϶ҪҪ
˵ţڻ㱨Ӱ̧ͷڲ֮ǰ˸
ۣͬһֻںڰֻǷ¶һ˿ף۵ѪɫƺѪ֮
ֺһϳһλպ뢣ħ֮һѪħ
ţ֮ǰһսħѾһλ£ҵҲȫδ뵽
ƺһ֯һԱ
ǵλܸߣ
Ľ飬ǵӰ΢һ˿˼֮ɫڵĿģΪλ϶κοܶλϹвĴڣҪڵһʱ
룬ӰǰݰֵʱҪݾߣȺ
ǣȻĵײԸ˾Ը֣ҲֻϢģ֯ĹκΥľٶΪԼ

ħ֮ǰʱɽȴһڷٽӽ
һֳɡаˣĿЩаȵħķ΢š
޼Ҳ֮һ˱̰֮δһ


37 
ħ
Ԩʱ䣬һֱħвʯ
ɭ󣡡
֮УԨ̹⸡֣ɫ鶯ޱȵߴӴΪһľ׮һΪͤһĻ
ǡʯеľϵ
һΪ߽׵ľϵ
ԣ
һ̣Ԩӡһ䣬һݻΪһʵĻƷóһ߶Ԩ֮£ƷûΪԣɫͼתɲǽɽ֮ľͤΪɫ𺣡
ǽɫһ˿Ƿ봴֮ܣƺû֮࣬Ҳɷۣ
¶ս
ɲǽɽʯ֮Ԩٱ䣬ʮɿ⣬ͬһŽɫһ
ضܹǡʯϵݷٶȼ죬ݹ⡣
ٻƷƿշ֮ϣһޱȵת˲ɽۣ֮죬һ㽽ѾʼڻɽʯĽɫ𺣡
һ㱻޳ǱĽʯ֮£ҲȾ˵̴
൱
ԨʮĿֱ仯
գӶǲ֮ϻƷƿջڣǱһʱɢշ硣
շ磡
⼸ַݷǱȽǿͨ
Ȼֻǻʱ䣬һһ޳ɣʵԨΪϲ
Ԩʹ˹ģ֮󣬶Щεļӳɡ
ľзˮзϵоǻϵ
Լ𽣬ԣɣЩвûеѣ
ƺǸݽ겣
ʯǿļַţЩѶȣ
Ʃ硰ԡ֮ġǬԡ
ǬԴ֮󣬾ԣѾһͨ
ͨĴԷǡʯмصıԾ
ʵ֤תһִ⾳ԨҲûڶʱ֮ڣֱӽǬ޳ɡ
Ŷݷ
ԨĿӯ壬ɫת
ͬһ飡
תڱ仯ݷҲԨ޳ɵСɡ
Ԩջ
ͨٸߣҲ·ţ׷еʱһҪ·ٶ̫ܲ
ͨһҪΪеص㣡
ò˶ãܹݷɣٶȻҪһЩ
Ԩпνǣ
ݷ֮󣬷ΪţСɣɣԲ
ݷĪ֮ܣɽ鹬شݵؽ
д˴νħ޼Ĺ£
Ԩſ壬ٴ˼ۡ
Ŀһǧ
޼;ԨṩΪḻĹ֮һǧİС
ʬ˻öࡣ
ԨԭʣµСʵӦһǧŰС
Ϊ˵ķͨʹò²ɽݻ٣۳С
ǸСۣ
ʣһǧС
Сӯ࣡
һǧСǰδеĸԣˣ
ͬʱԨע⵽һģѾˣһγֵģһʮģ塣
һͷֲħģ壡

ʱħɽ£ħаɡŲͣɽ£ɽ֮ľұ仯аǡ
ܹɽ֮ϣε𵴡
޼
ȴаͷЩ˼ɡ
޼һŮЩŮħ֮ͨħӱ䱾
ʿǶɣ˵аҪһλϲŭ޳Ĵħ
ǡڴʱаĿһɽ£ɡת˲ʧʯС
ɽ£Ѫħλǰ
˻ʳ˾СȻҪǰŻᣬʱǰ㱨
ʱһҪǰȴǰɽ֮ϣһŮӻ赹ɽ֮ϡ
һ˵ĽŲʱͣ
ˣƺ
ĿһɫµǰĹ
ǹħΪһλֻǶ֮꣬𺣬ü֮ǰ˿˿Ѫ
ңҲһλµѣˣСǰթ
ñ־Сӣ
ѪɫӲδ⣬ֻ˫ȴײ֮һ
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ںɫ䣬ȴһʹӭסѪħԼӦ
ƬһЦУӰٴվȴһľҡҡλγɽȥ
˼ҡҡλε徹Ǻָܿħķȥ


38 
ʱħ֮ϣԨȻĿ΢΢һ
аĿ
ʱһ뵵ӿ˫˫ֳâɽ֮¡
һѺһλѪɫľװĴħ
ħ
ԨĿ΢΢һħеѪħԨȻʶ
֯нػʲôҪ鱨
ԨҪջ˫аĿת˲ȴɫһȴѪħԼλһ˿˿а
ڵٴߣԨת˲˫Щʡ
аĿǡʯϼصһżķĿ
ͬΪĿĿȼ
Ŀνۣһֱܹ仯
Ѿܹϸ΢仯ԶһЩڤڤ֮еͬˣɱаʿûˣҲһۿ
аĿ̫ΪǴ
ƾĴ⾳Ԩڼʱ֮ڣͬаĿĿľأȻʩչĿʱ֮ڶ˫ĿЩѾܹá
ʱע˫Ŀ֮УѪħһаͷ֣ͷһɫĿޡ
֮ǺôĵӣҵҲ
ԨɫЦ۶ɽܿһͬԴа
˿˿ԩʶ
Լ
һЦԨƵתâֻʱԭʧһŽɫͬ⳯ɽ֮Ϸȥ
ţ
ʱɽ֮ϣа˳ɡлһɫ쳣ɫâתһӽޱȵĹ
ɲǼ䣬аĿͷɫ䣬ֻͷ֮Ͻʱǡ
һɫͼԱǽâƾճ֣һɳޱȵĽɫӭ
ɱ鲼

аɫͬʱĿ¶ɻ֮ɫħ޼ĵ̣ôʿ
޼ѵѾЩ츣еʿۣͬ
Ӱа˵ķӦͷĺɫʱ״ֵͷתĽԡ
ִ⣬а˼٣ŷḻľ֪Ӧԡ
ֻأԽӴаɫһ䣬ȴǸоһɰĴʱȼеİ׹ڤɡ
׹ڤɡ۵ףδͱɡ
׹ڤɡŷܹ֮׹ħ񣬻ܹڤףʮ𣡡
УԨԺϢ۵һ˿Ĺâ
ԨŽ⣬Ԩûмаء
ܣֻһ̽Ԩͷ˱ʤģ
ǰ˵ĳ֣ÿ԰һѧһЩͨĺðӣҡ
ⴿ֮˳ȡ
а˴ʱҲǴΪȻǽУɫпɼּ˿ֲһֽɫûΪһͷɫ𽣬ļϡ
ɫÿһᣬʱͬɫâϯ׹ڤɡ۳һͷͷɲǼҷ
ΪֲĻһǽɫƺֽ̺ȻֻͬìܵһֻԿֲɷڻû
ȼıӵļˡ
꣡
ǰ׹ڤɡҲܲסʴ죡
׹ĻɡҲ˲ǣǶȻҲһʹ£˷ѣ
Ԩڿ£Щȡ
Ե
ǱаۿǿֲɫԼʧʪ͸ĺˮֻͷĿ־Ũ
ǽɽͳĴУȻǶֵһɽɵĸˡ
ֻǽԸֻǷԵķ
ԷһŷԵķеֲֿľأ
ϸˣȻ֪ħĵطʿԺֻʣһͷ
ߣ
붼룬аɫת̶ݡݷתλһ̳Զӡ
Ӳ
Ԩнâһݷתɫ쵵֣ͬһɫʱаǰа˾ɫУԨĿɱ
ǰ˿ҲûʲôˣһƷи֣ת˲Ϊ׹۵Уƿа˵絶һ˲佫仯ΪһţΨһл걻Ԩһžлѹס
ҵҪ㵽ʲôԨɫĮĿһĻ˶˺֯Ԩʮ־裬֯Ҫһ֣
ѻ֮ᣬʹƾ֮Ͽ֮ȴȱ㹻а³ʵ
¡¡
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Ҫ
ԭأֻа˲лһҽУʱëȻľ׽֮ԭ
ԨɫĿһĻ
ĪһħʳϣħƯоƺһʮֲֿˣ


39 ̶
ʲô
ԨɫЩ仯۵ЩɫֻһɷƵ
ΪһĸˣԨȻơ
Ǻη׼񣿡
ʱħƵУǵĿͬɨԨֻǲ⣬ͬԨʵֻԼԼܹǺƹ⡣
紩ħһļ
ʿݣ㲻֪
ħͷ̽ԨĿһҵģ
Ǿƶƶ£
ͬʱԨѾٻϵģ塣
ʱѵģͬǸӵ͵Ĺģ塣
ģ壺̶
඾óڷɶݣѩϢٿر֮о綾ͨ
綾ϢԵޱȣ
һͷħ
仯ˣܽͳɷأ仯ɺ̶һͷǾûˣ
ڲɲûڣ
ȻҲ壬Ұܺͥ뷵ᲢۣǺɱĶɣ
ʿôĿ
ħУֳһۣİСӰ˫ײޱȵԨ
ƺʱ
ֻʵ׼ԨʱУħпֲħƬһߵ
ʿ㣡
Ƭ̣ħһתʱʧ
ͬʱ⻪ʱɳ۶Ԩ¡
ղǸǡ
ɽĪаƿնɫЩԨ
һ˿һŵħٴУ
ۼħԶȥԨͷ΢΢˿ͬʱڰ֡
һͷѣ
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ɽĪаЩԣǿֲħֻһƶܵǣû̸дִħ
ԨƳɽĪа˾ĽɫɫһɫԽݵ
ֻ»Щֹ
Щı仯ЩƵˣ
Щħʢ֮ʱͨǳڹ״̬ӦòôƵŶԣ
йɣԨʱûжѹ
ٻɽĪаѪħǰǰһ۵У׼һˡ

ڲ⣬ʢĻƴУ˾ƣһƾħһŵͬʱƴʱѡ
Щôˣ
һڲ֮ϣƴɷĿԶԶħķ
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˲˧ҲڹеٮٮߣħͷʦҲǵϲԴ嶼ӡնаȾ顢ˣãŽһһ
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У֪ͨһ¼λѣǰȥӡ֮ؿһ
ƴЩ

ɽµĵУԨѾ跨ѪħԼһɺϵĿħ
ֻѪħԼһкȻһԪ˵ӣɫҰס
ԨʱߣһѣͷϽڣŴź֯塣
ϣҵǡ
ոѹѪħʱЩȻֻǼǵôǰɽɽһŮӣ׼ƹȥͻ˹ȥ
ܵ˵İ㣬ǲᣬɽǷҪ
Ԩɫ䣬ԨҪѪħ˽Ӵ֮¡
ǶԣǺ£
֮Խ֪Խã
ЩõķʿͬҲʶݣ鷳ҲЩ
ġ
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ڹֵĴڲһ֪ʱµʲô˵Ĺ£˲Ż˹ȥ
ܹ˵˺֯ƺ˵Ĺ֣ǲҲ˵֯һֳ
ͷЩ壬Ҳһֻȣ̫
ʳ˾Ѱʲôˣ
ԨĿ΢΢һ֮ǰյйھǵϢԨѵóһۡ
ȥɣǣѻʳ˾򣡡
Ԩӻ֣ʾԱ߽Ѫħ뿪ԨɫЩ˼
ǻʳ˾ʲôⶼһԵźŴʵѾ˻ˣ
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ԨҲʱ룬Ҫ룬ҲҪѡʱĻۣһٶ¾ƣϴ֮λ
΢ӡǸ⡭
Ԩ֮ǰڻŲκθʯеĸȴἰԨòԴ


40 
ܹ΢ӡԨɽ硣
ԸǸλõʱ΢ӡ֤ݡ
֤ܹ֮õǵļϿɡ
ǲԸ⣬΢ӡδΪȨ߸ɴ
΢ӡԸ
ֻ΢ӡǵһǣѾڶүǰ
Ҫ֮Ҫ£
֮õõϣټһֽ⣬ܹڻһĻֻۣҪڷػһʱܹ΢ǡ
ǵòټҲ⣬ǾֻԼ취
һ㣬ӵܶԣѡ
ȻҲûа취ܹҵҵǱǰѹƣδե
΢ӡֻǿʼ
΢ӡԨ˫Ŀ⡣
΢ӡΪӡӡӡȵȡ
תѹȺ
ӡת뷷֮
ӡת΢ǽ
ӡת۾ʥ
˼˵ִӡΣѾԽԪٽ΢ǣ΢֮
մȾһ
ִӡΣǿźبڵ΢ǣ΢۾ǺͺУ̫һ֮֮һȼĿֲڡ
Ԩû뷨
΢ĵһҪۻ
֮ϣԨѾ⡣
ûУ֮ǰѹģ壬õһֽȻΪ˵ҲһֳУԲŻӴ
ƾһȻ
̶ȻҲģ壬һֻҰϾ
ͬΪ壬Ұġ
ܹõϲ뷣ִȨ
Ұֻ
Ȼתģ֮ʱԨ̶ͬ΢ǡ
ΪԷһȷһܹ΢ǣԨҪΪıһ
岢ҵ
Ǳײβ
ԨЩģΪУԨһϤ֡
㣡

Уʯ
ʱЩ֣ʯҲ̫ƽǰʯҵĽͻȻˣĽȫߣʯһҹ֮ƶ¡
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ʯҵвһֱԼ׳˶壬Լ޴ʧȻΪ۸Ķ
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ͬʱԶЩԶԶ˱סΧŹʯҵ
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Ѱ޵֮ˣͷһ⣬ɽصУҲǰС
⣬ĵϵͽ
ź뼤ѣͽֻҪƷû⣬κɽزʧ
λʳ˾Ļ֮۵˶ʱЩԾ˫Ŀ֮УǼλǣ׳鲼ŨɷΪ׼λ۳ƶǣٵı־
ʮֺͬҲǣ
ۿָʹƺ˼ʿĿһָʹȥ֪λָʹʲôλǰʯҵת˲ʧڽֽǡ
ԨɽϣͷβһĻɫЩ죬ʯҵȻɽ˸ˡ
ɽʿɲ˵
ɽȻʮֵ͵Ԩ˵ٹɽʿ񻰹£ÿһɽƺǲǣ
ƺѾĿȫˡ
ԨͷЩ˼Ľ룬ʯҵ˷˸ı䡣
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ԨͷЩ֣ͷڵһֿܣ
ۿŻʳ˾һڱתע뿪ԨҲȥ
Ԩ⣬֯ʱĴѰŮӣûöãҵĿڡ
ĲԨһϮ۴ӹٵ֮ǰʱⶾУٵϻ˼񣬻вԻ
ʱͷԻѾڲгҲģһЩŵʿڸ˵ƺܱŮע⡣
Ԩһյ֮󣬲ŵȵĿĳ֡
һŮӹٵ߹ڷֲ£п˰̺ۣĿˮһģ̲ţ


41 è
ǾǶ֮ͥŮ
Ԩһǲ¾εŮ
ңɲԸһˮ
أߵ˲һԣҪˮ
⣬ǿ϶ƣæӰæһˮǰ
ˣһˮɣ
Աߣٵ񿴵һĻɫЩмһߴԻĿЦ
϶ǺģͲϻ
϶ǸúˣԼһҶⰽ
һмԻȻŮʮϤȻЩѣĽ̰Ϊˡ
Ļ
ʱһȻֻǰһݿĽ¹Ȼ¶һ˿⡣
ǸʿһѰΪ׹彣Ի̶ЦʱȻֹĿĽ¹ӡ
ҽеĲӬﶼУܲܰһ㣡
ǿ¹أԾбӣĿ䵭ֻ˫Щɷ
Իԣʱɫ䡣
С˵ʲô
Ϊ׵ԻȻһò۰򼫾Ҫ߹ȥת˲һĨԾվԻֻһߺ룬üë˸⡣

⿡¹Ŀ
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¿Ӹ˼ԻĿЩԥϢ̧֮ͷŮ
λţ㣬ҪҪСһ
үǡ
Ա߼װӣ˶ʱ̲ססͷλ̫Ӳˣׯȫһ
Ů֮ǰ¹Ӹ߼Իޱ飬㡱ַһ˿仯תͷֻһ˫ˮһ۾ɨһ۽¿үת˲ҲᣬȺٵ֮ȥ
֮ϣԨһۣһ棬ԱСڳţϵ൱Ȼˮ࣬Ũ㣡
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Ⲣ֣ӲȻЩûŮҶͥᲢۡ
ö֪ͥԼŮܵӲ裬Ӳûʲôùӳԡ
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ܿҴӵҲһƥ̶ӻӵ֮ǰ
һδӵһλġࡱż仪ӡ
ƺǿ˭һϴЦݡ
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Ȩ֮һ
ܭһͬΣѺͻ飬ƽòλҼİܣһ˼ҪҲòԳ֡
ֻɨ弣ܭʱüͷǽĿڵʿԨϣ˼ۣƺЩɻڽ¿ϣĿȡ
ֶҲ
ܭȷΪȣ۵׻һ˿֮ɫ
ɽׯׯɽׯҲĽ֮һׯ֡
Ҵססڽ֮ϣҲŵŵ־ѧ
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壡
Ǳ߿칫Ѿע⵽˺ܭĴڣֻ΢΢ףƺڱС
ֻ·˵أϺ嵹Ϊ⣡
ܭĿһǾɽׯ˻ᡰżȻڴ˵أͷЩ裬ֻ˼֮󣬵ȴˮ֮󣬺ܿȥ
֮ϣԨȴĿ΢Ŀںǳĳɨ˼ۣһϣֽˣأȥ


42 ԸԸ
ǰܭź̶һ·ǰС
ͬʱܭͬɳ̽Ƿӵиߡ
еȷиߣܭֵĸ߲Ԩɽׯ¡
үҪҪǣ
ڽʱԱߵĺҸ̲סѯʺܭ
ɽׯļӣٵĺҸŭ
ɽϣܭӻ֡ãǼȻϲӣǾǼӺˣ
ܭȻҲЩŭûܵӰ졣
Ǵʱɽׯˣй
ƬɽϣܭɫüͷƽϸߣǸЪ֮ء
ԶиɽƺһλŮoʱ¶һֿݲݴС
ܿҳ͵ң
¶һƽ֪ƽʲô
ʱɽϣɳɳŲ
ʲôˣ
ʰĺһɫһ䣬ʶһԣųӰصĵ
ܭһʱһССụ̋ͬЩصɽ֮ϡ
񣬰ٲ֮ھδκη紵ݶֱǰŲǰڹ졣
˵жȻǳ
ȴһԶ
λʿ˵زƵأȥΪ
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ʯɽϣֻâЬһλۣгȵӰڰɿ⡣
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ƶֻһķͨѰ˰ˣ
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·ʱԨ֪Ӳµo˺ҵһˡ
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ܭʽЦݣֵָԽ򣿡
뿪˵أֱǰУǰǰĻƴЪһԾڴˣʿΪ֮ɣ
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Ÿӵ˼ܭٲͣߴ̶ɫѾˣ޷ϵǻƴµл£

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ˮڣӲķŮˮ֣ˮ֮ڶʱϼӵoҲ÷С


43 ɱ
øظļˣй֪ܣǶˮ
ˮ֮ϣһӲɫбŰͬʵʡ
˳ЩӴķˣ׼©κˣԺκη˽ӽ
ʱЩˣ˲ǰֵķŮ
ȻŮߣӲоϲŮıӲʵڵǡ
ͥȦ֮һˮܹȵġ
ǣӲˣ
֮ϣo΢΢ףͬʱˮмиˮħ
һoħ뿪ˮڣǰ
ɨˣ
ֽ輸ϵĲɨȥӲԽ꣡
Ů˽Ŀһ˿ɫ欶ˣװŮЦ
ӲˣαǸŰˣ
ϲ뷷ĺӲαؾһŮĻǼˣ罫ݻϼң
ѽӲˣ㿴Σ
һҲŤ֫źӲӲϣٯӲ۵׵ıŰͷ궼ȥ˼֡
ɫһ䣬ЦȻƯǸƽ⡭ǲ֪Ǹŵգ崿ʵյĺܣȥ˵˵ˮ壡
ҲõģǸŵˣҲȥˣֻܳΪһŮʵʵҿƣ
˵Ӳһ⣬۵׻Щ
ӲǸĻӣŮʱ򣬾ͱ崿Ůֶƭȡ˵ŮĻġ
ʱ׮»嵱УһѰˮoݣӭȢ˶ͥĵŮӲҲǷ
ֻʱ䳤֮ⱾԷ
ŮţӲʹܵӰ죬ûĥŮ

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ۺҴʲô⣬ҺɽׯŮǾͱĳĺݣ
ʱɫһ߳ţֻ಻ԶһӾסͥԺ쳣æһλѯʡ

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׹ˣ˵
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
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Щ곤ʮ꣬ʣ¼Ӣ˲ۣɫء
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ʱ֮ǰһλĿ࣬ŰµĽ׳ƽ֮ǰҡڵĴƽУаΪһͷ׺ޱȵ֣ͼƽеĽֻ࣬ȴһʥ裡
Ǿ޴׺Բʱһû⡣
Ǿ޴󶯾ŵǮǣܽøһš
ǮǸǾѾ飬Բ۾סͣ
ãѾֲסˣǮӣˣ֣Ա߿ΣŴ󼱣ֱץǮǣǰ󶦵ķ
ô󶦵Χһűī̲õѩֽЩֽţƿ˾ݣ
ţײǽʿ㲻Ҫ̫ϣǮǴʱץЩ£Ȼ־壬Ȼһѡ
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ſȡ˽ʿʿӶڿġ
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ȡ˽ʿ֮Ҳÿһʿܹһֱά׳
ֺܽĸεģͱԩ֮ĥʲôȻԣֻ
ʱϿգڷѾһʥƵ
ԻһףݾӢŮӣɫɷף
죡
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ڷһܹʩԵ츣һ
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ԭһͷƻЮһְΪԳͷаǸΪɫаϲҸŮ
в˵֣Ϊ˲ƲΪ˽ΪŮΪ
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ڣŴʱҲһԼ۾֮ǰƽκ˶
̲ס߳ãô£
Ϲˣþ
ƽʱͷЩ֮ɫ

ˮڵУԨŮҪһĹڣӣںϣһϹ蹬תɢһ˿˿Ϲӿ룬𽥳͡


50 ΢
蹬ڣ˿˿ʰ쵵ӿ
Ӳ֮ѹեһ
Ԩб仯
ƺǴͨĳذ赲΢ǹⴹƿƣ˿˿Ʋ蹬ڣΪһź΢ǳӰղ񷡣
΢ǣ
蹬гԨͷһϲ
Ըˡ
ʵԨЩģϾӵ޻ۣӰ쵽ǵۡ
ڿȫӰ졣
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΢֮ףӵá
ʯţڶйӵ΢ǵĻӣӵޱȵ
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Ԩ蹬ǹ⶷תȴ֮Ǿ޴ǳʱһƣȻʣƺҪ蹬лȥ
ǴӲϵõȻ޷ά΢յ״̬
ȡ
Ԩûκλţģ֮ϣһһīɫͬ蹬УһҰײޱȵİԵ־
ֻ蹬Уʱ΢ӰһԶɣ׽֮ȹ̣ͬʱɢī蹬ڣڹγһӰΧ΢ת
Ѿɹ΢ǡ
΢ɹΧˮڵжʣֻȴˮڽƸˮ׵С

𿤣ͨи
ͨиһޱȵãڹĲ棬񣬶ʮޱȵĿֲħ
𺳵ǣʮֲޱȵħƺǽ۶ɣɷ
ʮ죬ϵĽ˽˵Уһ̬ȥϹ󸾻ڣһޱȵĹϷΣǾŮ
ϥ֮ϣʱǰһССİ
ССİ֮ϣʱڷʮصľżʮľż̥ʱǻ֣ڿ˵
׺ﵫģʱһֱɽ֮ƾҵȵܿջ񣡡
Ҳһҵ˼ǰӦûã
нУǼϼһҲע⣡
ʱдЩУЩŮЩϣЩپأЩö飬мģģ
֮أҲע⣬΢ҵȶҪٴ󱦣Ǿ֮λã
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󻰾˵ǵ󣬵˶ͷҲ࡭ǼոմɽӳͨУС
ϴʱ̧ϣˣƶˣҶ߲֣Ҳ׼ǳǰ
עﱾռһЩȿɣ
ǣ
ϷԸʮ̥ʱ͡
ڴʱСУһϹӴϹŨƹ⣬СȾŨɫ
ɫУǺƹ⵹ӰȴһɫΪ
λӲйͻգ
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ҶȻ˳۳΢ǣ֣
ϴʱЩͷճһǣüЩɣ
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ʱڰ֮ʮ̥ʱһɧͬʱһλλأͬʱС֮ġ
ʮħ֮ζƺ֮ͬعӰ֮Ҳڻ졣
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Ʋһۣǿɫǣɫ滺ȵΪףһ֮
Ŀǰ⣬һӣ֮һɳһöһ۵İǰ
ϸȥԨһ޶
ʱ֮Ƭ֮һʷ˸֮ϣûС

ˮУۿ΢ɹԨɫ΢΢ϲת˲ȴɫһ䣬ȴ֮ϣһͷɫʷȻû蹬ڣҫɫУųϼ
蹬ͬɷӰͷԨͷƹԣŭ֮ƺӰڶѹȺǡ
Ԩ˫磬һ˿𶯣
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ӦתģҲֱ΢ѣΡ
΢֮蹬֮ϵӰΡ
΢Ȩ
ѵһȨȨ
Īӿ˲Ϣ֮䣬ǶתıԵֻҪ΢ֱ̣ܹǶת


51 кҪԼ
΢Ǳ
ʱھ̫
ΰ̫ڻʳǵ
ͬһĪĺۣƺͻʹΪһ壬ŽƬء
ƽ̫ȴͻȻƽơ
һĻһţһϹ֮ϣȻԵȴǹ
̫Уһλ۵ĵüͷһ壬ʱӴоѣĿһɨʱĿ¶ϲ֮ɫ
һλӵ΢ǣϲɺأ
̫Уǧǹ
һȻһɫڻ۵˶ԣֱ仯ֵΪ֮ء
ܹ΢ǵĻӵܣٶˮ׼֮ϡ
ӵԽ࣬ɵλԽȹ̣
΢֮
۵˴ʱĿ֮¡
֮ϣʱڶλһ۴αȣ
Ȼλ
мһѾ˵ү
һһﲻ֪װʲôӦһӵ֣ܵ
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ǣ
ֱӦйʺʧλӣйʺʧӣλӱͷƤèڹһΪ˲֪ٹյǣȻδһλӣλӵһֱš
ҲǹټҶйʺĲ
ʱһϿգһɫڰ۳һöǡ
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۵ͷ²⡣
ܹһλҰĻӣɹ΢ǣѶȼ
ǻʺֵĻѶԾ˺ܶ࣡
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ʺ󲻱ҲЩĪ
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λӣһλ˰ҲүڳҰһλȴλʦ㱧ˣиλʦ㣡
λԻжξ룬ôֻʦеһλӡ
ʺĿЩ죬ֻ΢ˣ΢ѣܹͬ쵽
ͷǶ֮һϵоƵԤС
λʦֶΣ˹Ŀ࿴ȴǸ˸С⣡
ټǰʱŸողȲټپҲ᲻죡

ˮڵУԨһֱڹص΢ǣһɷ
ɷԨʵѾµ˭
˹Уֻϣ
ֻ˵еһԨҲƽ˭ƽٶҲûãԺܻ֪ġ
ˮڵУʱҲǲƽŮﷵˮ֮ٲһ඾
ˮвһƵˮ壬Ϊһo࣬ЩoŮһûһЩеŮϤˡ
һԨûв֣Ůй
նݳ
ڶ죬ԨҵŮ׼ȥŮȻʢֻǿϧԨѾ뿪ˮڣؾŮĺ⡣
ȥ֮ǰԨ֮ǰһŮļ»ŮݼѾòˡ
ӲǰԲˣòǮˣ
Ůӹݼ飬УЩӵԨʵ
иʣȻӲΪλҪдǷ飬ɷ⿪ĵɻ󣿡
Ůһ˫ĿԨһ˿˿ĸ֮ɫһ˺ܾá
»һЩ
Ԩ˲Ц
ѲضɣֻƶһС˼ˣ֮У֮£һƶкӲд˼֣Ҳõʧ
ԭˣ˼ȫˣ
ŮɫʱȻִȡһݼ飬ѣһݼ飬ǵϾͥɽ˷붴ͥ붨ջ񣡡
׼ضͥ𣿡
ԨɫЩ죬λ׼ĵء
Т֮ŮףﻹٻضͥУ
Ů
֪պαصԨҡҡͷһֹŮҲǶһЩӲţ
ܹ뵽ǰŮȫǲܲˣ
ȻоŮǻãԨӲȭֻõ
αˣѪԸѣ֪֪жôģĻƽЩ
нӹݼ֮ԨҲͣݱλɫЩŮȻ뿪ˮڡ
ԨǾ뿪ΪŮˮ̬֮ƺЩ΢ԨƲ
ǳ˶ã
ңǻƻУȢŮţȻǸŲԨһеĵˣô̰Ůɫ˳·
кҪѧᱣԼ


52 ǣ

Ԩˮڳǻ˲УȻ׼ȥ֮⡣
ڣѾһ䡣
ΨһԨЩ뷨ľʣµλԵˡ
λԵ˸ɼǡ
ϲǵǧŽ࣬ǣ֥ǻҪʤһɲһɲݾ⣬ͬǲ֪һϼǣ
ʹԴһЩûϵⷴŵ㣬ʦڣ
ܹλ֯У֯ĴǾ̤Ҫһʼɵķʽת䡣
·ز֮ԨԼ̫ˣ
Ѿ˽ȵǣ
ԶԶԨ򼻴ɫ۵ڼһλĻ£Ӽ˳Ա߻˸еϲ
֥ʱЩᣬͬϲϧ
˵
ԨоԼˣ·ԵȻֹȴĺ
۵ɽ޸ĵˣǰռ֥Ϊͽ
ɵλλ͵ĳǰȻԼ֥⿴ء
ϲˣҲҪúУʱɲҪٱСʯͷ۸
󣬼ֹ֥۵̬ռϷ磬»ָЦݣЦ绨毺õӨӨԡ
£λ޸Ļ۵ƹƹ𼻲֥ȥ
ʧ㣬ˣ
ԨۿһĻɫеϧûг֣ǿнˡ
ȻԸˣ
Ԩܻɣǻƴɵֱʡ
ɽҲͰˣ̫Զɽ޸еԶˣ׼ƴɾڲԶš
֥ȥԱߵϲҲѾʿˡ
ͬϵɷɱɽ޸ʿҪŨĶࡣ
ϸлͻӨâ֡
żʿ̸ԨѾˣʿɽеĳϡ
һ飬һ꣡
ϵ˼ħе齣׼֮ɽ콣
Ҫ˲ã
ϵǴĺ⣡
ԨЦϵϲȰ⣬ִҪɽԨȻȥ
ɽϣ
Žڻ֮ϣѹɽ¾򿪵Ļۣͬʱ۵ǧ񽣡
̫ڰ׷УڰУǧŽϹ޻
ɽĪаڽУ֪ϤĵӰڵ۵Уʱæ

һһ죬⻪תӰʵ١
ţãһһԨֻڵ
ҪǱУ
δûгɵ֮ʱ
ɽĪаĪɫϲ
ǳʦйУΪԩ٣ʱ繡
ǰλоߣʱڣڸһϣ
˵أͬҵȶ˶ȫħ֮ҪְԲ£
ѾǴ⣬ȣ
ţ
ԨףͬʱŲһڴ֮ϣȺɽ˵ĵ
ʱȫųӯ֮Իͷƹ¶һ˿
̶ģʹý֮󣬴Ĳǹ֮ϵ
ʱֶ
֮⣬̶֮󣬴һַӵϴֱۡ
̶Ҳһ֣Ųƣתͨݽ겣Ԩڼöӵƿˮһƿ
ԭѾִĸ¶򺣷ķӣ˳ĳʻΪʵķҲֻһЩˮĥ򣬻ǻԵ
򺣷ֻҪˮˮܹΪ
ڡʯصȷУ
Ѿ̺һȨӵŷͬһĲ޷ġ
ͬٳ棬˷ܼͬǿԿκδܷš
ķ֮⣬ԨʮַӣҲ½Ϊ
еöлʬķ׷ҲΪ
ԨĿӣͬʱеﻹ˲µķ
ݼ׷˷ն׷Ѫ˪ȵȣһЩ
ʮָߵȼе̫Ԫ
ߵȼǡʯΪĵĴУÿһַΪΪԪ֮ڡ
ʦ˾磬Ҫ
ȻҲԻΪߵȼɸΪһЩЩɽɵĸ˲˵ķ仯Ϊ壬
Ϊ֮Ѿ·ߣҪһҪǿԣݣʱ
ÿһöķӣеǾ޴ġ
Ԩ֮ķӣӦ·Ͼÿһλ˵ľޣģĴڣ;ͨ
δĵ·Ҫɽɵʿࡣ
ģĴڣķӡ
Խ࣬սԽǿӦԽǿɷ۵ٶҲѰˣ
ԨĿϢδĵ;ԨǧͷҪһķ򣬻Ϊʽݽۣ֮ȻҪΪӣ϶Ҫӵ㹻ĻۣôǸλ㣬ȷ硣

ʱɽ£ϵϲѾɽ£˵ǰȺɽվޱȣ䣬Ȫɽ룬϶࣬ޱȡ
ǰȷһеĺõط
ɽصɽλϵĿ󶯡
ǿɽɽȫɽڣǿļйŽˣ
˫ɴЩĶĶţ֮ͨѧüͷһ֪пջˣ
Щ³çɫæʦ֮ǰڣ͸Ⱥɽ
ǰɽɳ飬ǰݼǰǰһ
ͬʱԻ̽
ϲԣɽһλڴ˾ޣԵķſ̽ɽϵȷأͬǡ
ȻһԣϾۼΪʵ
ǧ񽣣һԣ̫


53 ŭĿü
ˣ
ʱУԨͷоǱѩһĳγ
˲丽塣
Ԩоά֡ˡղܣ
ҲŲˣ
ɽ飬ݼǰ
Уλɽɵĵ˹ֻȴʶ֮ϵˡ
λϵ˵ȷЩ֡
겻˫ʮǵЩݷϻͯҲô֣
ֻŨƽ⣬ȷЩˡ
ȴϷüƽɽɵСǽΪ
Ŀһֺԭʼѹƺؼѹ
ֱ仯λɽ϶һۣӾнһЩ
ϲ¶񣬼˶ʱЩż
ǰҵðֻϲһλǰڴˣǰݷã
鵹ȫֻǸ«Ӻལƣʮֱˬ֮𱬣ǴȫͲöԡ
ֻĵ׶Щ졣
ԣԨÿɷĵͷֻһ˫ĵͫ׵飬㵹ǱеɽǶϼĵӣĻᷳ
ɽɵĵ·ΪأЩΪ뱾򽻵·ü죬ٵмߣ̲ǺܸߣҲνġֱˬ
ֱ֡ˬ𣬻ú±ɻ£ɽ콣ĵںѲĴڡ
Ҳô򽻵
Ԩûкɽɵ˴ֻǴϿһЩô
ԣҲ⣬зȵһЦǰˣʵɽɵĵֻǳڽУľګһЩǱԲ
ׯľګ㵹ǻΪǹ磡
ԨΪһЦЦ
߰ɣﲢӭЩɽɵĵӣǿϲϣ̤һ
ǰ
ϲǸʵЩΡ
ԨĿƳɫЩΣƺƤ糺죬ҪƣĻͷ
ɽɵĵ˵мߣҪʱ
Ͼеʱ䲻
ԨƤһϲǳ
ˣҪ˶Ů̬֮
ɽӻ˲УнȷһҪϰ
Ԩ⻰͵飬ֱԣ˲÷
ȥ֮ǰƶмҸ㣬ɹǣ˿˫β̨ϸֳƣͥ¶㡣νȻƶǣ̲ҼסŭĿԽħüԴȱ
ǣӽǰ̻壡
ϲԹԵźǳ⣬ʵֻԨڽѵϲҲ֪Լӣ̫ʵ׳Կ
ԱĴˣԾһڽѵǡ
˼ǣҪҵĺƢӦõġ
ٲ֪ȤͶֽѵǣ
ȫˣ
ŭĿԽħüԴȱǺõУ
ԭӿŭҪһۻëʱȴҲǰ
ӵ־ĸˣǲҪӲΪ
Ƭ̣飬굽׻Ƿ˶Գ뷨ϲȥ
Щź¼ϲλɹǵĵӣҲС
ϲӽɽҲ֪ǸǻԱߣɽһɫӳϻɳ
ţΩ٣кֳɾͣͿϲԼ컯ˣ
ĪаӰ潣ǿ֣ޱȡ
ϲദһʱ䣬ĪаҲͦϲϲĴ
ֻŸ̾ȴδķ֮ϣԨɫЩ
ԨЩһλɽɵĳϣȷЩġ
ʱһģ壬δѰ
أټϲȼΪĹ䣬Լɽϵ̬ǣ󻹵治֪ճ
λִ⶯֣˵ݿɾ¶ˡ
һ¶ڣ鷳С
ڻƴɿ»һ߳ŭɱ
̬ƽԨĿƲһԱ߻ڸ̾ĸɽĪаϡ
潣ǿԦĴŽҪ׵ĽԦ
ʯҲУֻһѰɽɱϾǷɣ
ûϳ˽ӲŽܡ
ҲԨδŽΪҪһԭ򣬶ʲô󷽵ŽԼ
лᣬһҪҵһ׿ֵϳ˽
ԨͷƻţʱͦҪŽģзΪǿŽܣֲ̰塣
ɽҹһء
Ԩ½עǰ֮ϡ
ʱĹȥԨͷδһʱУһȷĿꡣ
ǣ
Ԩܹɻһֱ׼ģ
Ҳǽ֯ĳԣ
ԨҪ췴һ֧ԨȷҪ㹻ʳƸԼ֡
ͬʱʿн
ⶼΪδ֮׼ǻݽ֮ʵᱣ֤е棬һ̫ӣλá
Ȼǲ룬ҲԽ硣
ƩΪԼδõ֮󣬷ǿΪһ̨ס
΢ӡɹ֮Ҳܹ̻ΪȨΪȨһ֡
ʵϣ΢ӡȨʻɡ
ݽҿ֮ǰʱ֮ڣҪú֯۽ƻҲҪ䣬ʶһЩиˣܹ취ú֯һתΪɣһλϸĻӲҪӰ
Ԩʵϸۣĳ̶ֳЩ⣬ҪЩֵĸߡ
Ȼʵ
ԨӻȡһǣӲ֮󣬴ӲϵõһΪŮ
ǱڵıԨİǵؿ߷
Ҳĵڶؿ߷


54 ϵģ壿
¡¡
һƬˮĵ
һƬɽ֮ϣԨݹ£ĿԶȴɽ߶ΧһƬ
һƬ֮أΧɽߣذ磬ԶԶȥһĵϢӭ
ֻ˺ԨҲеľ
֡
ԨҲ֪һʲôĵؿؾͨĺԡ
Ԩתݷ߿鿴Ұããǻˮ⵹ϹֻǴˮ֮ǰľ
Ҫˣ
ԨĿЩأʯҲعĵؿؾééԾ
Σأ
вٵùĵأԽײһЩֲѣת˲˿ɾĻɢ
Ҹ̵ĵط·
Ԩתݷźˮμ۷ȥ
ݷʱٶȲ죬Ԩλû⻷סȫͬһö֮ϣ
ܿһƬߵ֮ϣһȺڵΧżéݣʯݣ־ĿΧӿȵĺ
ˮˣٰʯͷľͷݸߵ㣡
ҵҪˣҵ㸡ľһߣǻ
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ۿǺˮӿ֮ʱԨĿеųӯһԻΪɻƷ
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Ԩλ⣬ڸߵ֮ϣâЬһɫԳĵģ
ԨĿһתһȺմӵϷ漴ǰ̸𽥴ȺȵĴеõһϢ
ԭһʯŴĵط﻽ʯɽʯɽаա
ΧʲôˣȺɽֻ֪֪࣬ԭ̩ǳֻ̩Χˮ̩֮Ƕûˡ
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Ԩǰݣں½ȳһЩ𽥵óһӡ
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ׯһɽ֮Ԩϵ֮ʱȫҶɽϷɱЯҴڡ
ֻЯƷǶЩЩ׷ϣԨʩչˡ
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ԨöʱЩƬ̲Ŵľұ仯лعֻȻžĪ
ʷ˶ʼαũϣԯλߣ껣෣Ң˴
ۣ֮У˵𣿡ũٽЩֵǰĵˡ
ǵĵ۾ȷҢ۾ˣ
϶ĻԨɫЩڡ
ҢۣѵǴˮЦˣ
ԨɫȻѿת֮ʱǿϹçʱʱӵ࣬ģǺԣаħࡣ
ڵԨһ㶼ͽȥ
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ŽĹģҲڲ֮ǰˣ
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ؽһʻ˼ӳ֡
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ɽеķģ壡
ϵģ壬ϵУǿǿĽģ塭
ԨоЩΣûбɽˣħΧ۵ϰߡ
ѵһΣؿؾľģ
ԨͷЩֹ


55 ¶̧ͷ
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Ԩɽͷ֮ϣһ
ʱ䣬һֱھȻЩй¿ãԨĸԸ
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Ԩע⵽蹬΢ǵı仯
΢Ǳ÷蹬Ѩ赽еĶԼˣڹΡ
΢ǣΰѹƸǿˣ
ЩӰת
ѹͨ޷У΢ǹ۴Ӱ죡
Ԩ΢΢ڷһ͸΢ǹ⣬𽥽ָӰ
ڷǱѰĵڴʱæڵǾħϴܹ΢ǹ
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ϢƬ̣ԨǼŻƺԱѰȥ
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ԨˣЩȣҲǲ֮䣡
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񣡵Ǻˣ
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һУݵȷǡƶ˵ЩˮôԽҵԽ࣡
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ʱԨĿһȴƺһȻ
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56 
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ͷɫӥ֮ʱԨŨޱȵ׹ڰ
ǿֲľԨ蹬ڵԪ𵴡
ֱŰֱ̫ӣǿ
ͷСһЩĴ˹ЦĽͷӥУĴӥظԼƨɡ
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СֵܣҪҪһȥħ
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57 
ԶߣһƵޱȵ鶯֡
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ǼoȡoԴ˻ȡա
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ЩԨԣֻС⣬ؽ𵽵ǼֵСĹģ壬ȻսǿֶλЩ
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˷ͷ𣬾ԨԼͷˮĽ

ͬʱԨоһͷؽβµ˱ʮͷͬʱ֮µٲһԾϡ
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ԨԭѾӭǧ㿼׼Ȼϵǲûôѡ
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أԳУԨʱٵΧβڿգס
ÿһƬʹлΪɻңͬʱоһ쳣͸ӿϣؽѪԴͷһޱȵĻֺǾѡ

ԨԺжʱ˫лЩ㵣
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βʱյУԻؽͬʱһɺע۵컯Ϊǵۣͷɢǣצڿգƻ㣡
߲ϼһͷӰӰ´ԳӰֻƬ֮䣬һͷޱȵĽɫ֮ϣɫ޼βƵֻǱȴֳ߲⣬쳣
أԳ֣Χޣ죡


59 ˡ
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רģ壡
רģ壬Ԩи²⣬Ƿζţģ岻һԵģ壬֮󣬲᳹ʧ
ǻһֱã
Ǿٺòˣ
㣬ԨҲӦæסΧӿ꣬硣
ͬʱϤ߲֮ȻںϹ̶֮ԨתѾİ߲ͺ̶Ȼó֮µȷǴͬ
߲̺֮ѪﻹмǱδӳԨӦһʱ֮ͷȫ϶ֻ߲ĳ̬
ƺһӵѪ
ʱڻƺ޴Ļͬ˲ٳoԼħע
Ǵ߲ƹеһǿoĿ¶ɫת˲Ƿǰħoϡ
ɱͬҰǲܴģ
ֻǽһֱڻƺУйע¶ƺʢᣬԨ˼ۣһΪģ
ÿƺŴ󿪣ԽţȻҲֽһЩޱȵǰͷȣƺ϶Щ
ͷֳ߲⣬쳣ƺĳǿޱȵıͨ
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ʮλ˾񣬾ʮǿİ֣

УԨڣӦƬ֮󣬶߲ӵָʹͬһ㡣
оһɳӯķڣƵ
ȷǴ̶ͬǿޱȣóڵɱ߲ΪѪͳͬǿ󣬵óǷڣԼˮݣڿ뺣Уˮǻóˮ׶з
߲ͺ̶沫ɱһʼԿĿ߲һǺ̶
ԱߵƺȱݣһԨʮֿ϶
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ֻܿע⵽ԨĴڣǱȽߵ֮ͷɫʱ
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Ԩ߲۸Ҳ޳׳ߴҲƮݣ֮ȫ޷⡣
Ҳ࣬űӴ
հиŵĺ壡
ԨͬӸߴһǰСŵĽⲻ䡣
ƺſʢᣬĺȱϯ
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ʱ֮УԨ֪ΪΣͻȻоЩŹ֣ȫģƺ֮Ҫö
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Ϊʲôĸо
ԨоЩĪ֣ˡ
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ʱƵУչŸոɻͷҲЩȵһ۱ǿͬ۾İ
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磡
ֻǵһ֮ʱʱһ˫죬ǶԷޱȵ߲Ϊ֮Ŀ
ֵ̫ˣòԴǿͨ


60 

ǿԶʤ
ʱָľǰ
λѣǶ尽ӷ֪γƺ
к۽½
ƺ񣡡
ԨĿתͬʱͷЩ뷨ʵΪΪԼȡһš
ʸȡŵġ
ֻͨȡҪʦ裬ûʦԼǿǿȡһҲԣܲÿһνõѣ
ɽɵĵͳδ׷ԴͷʵԲɽеéɽɡ
ѿԳƺΪ񾰵ˣ
񾰵֣
ӷʱһǣͬʱĵ͸ͷһµĸ
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·һ㷭Ű׶ƤڶβͣȵԹ޲ѡ
Ԩ˴εĿƾ֮ԡ
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׺ޱȣأԻǽĿϣԨϣмҪ
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Ԩȫͷĵ⣬ͷأԳ֣ͷͷĸš
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·ڶѾоƺŵ΢ϵѾ׶Ͽ޷ƾֱ֮š
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δȨ֮ǰʮΣյģʱܸоЩɽУһ˫˫صģĿ⡣
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ɣ
ӷˣʱɫæȻϳλˡ
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λˣһϣɫЩҲǻ֮һ¸ǰ
ǻ׵ĿɨӷΪͣɲǣ漴ֽĿԨϡ
Ҳֻͷؽеĵ֮
׵۵ǲɫĿ
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кַģ࣬ϲ񼮣Ϊ˾񣬶ȿԸϲ֮һˮ


61 󷽣壿
ϲԴȨȻ֮õģ
ûڶħԱߣ
Ȩ˵ͳϿɣ⡣
˵ǾܾЩ֣ɲô
ƶԸ⣡
Ԩ֮ǰڣ
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ܸµڱҪ𣬲ż֮ʱ뿪ԨüҲν
ۼԨѡǾ׵üͷԨһۣԨɫһɵȻֻҡҡͷ
Ա߰ĿԨЩЦӷЩֹԨɫһ֪ӣ̲סȰ
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ӷ֤ԨͷĳЩ²⣬ԨЦѣ޷µģ
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ƺ֮ڶħĿԶֻͷת˲֮䣬ϼɲʧУԨ߲ǻֱ֮ûƺԨʱоȨ蹬ƺƺˮ޼Ľ㣬ں


62 ƺӶ
ƺУԨоƹıǣϲȨ
蹬ڷ仯
蹬εԲιӰŻƺԼȨǵڶתĻת˲ɡ
Ԩʱû˼ȴϸֱ仯أںһ˾Ȩо
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ڶ˷߷ǰδеĺƵ⣬ŻƷͬƺںӵѵͨĵɨһֻƺӺӶΣһͷͷԩʥУϴԩǰֻ֮С
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63 һ֮䣬
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ԨĿֻƬŪרģ״̬ڡ
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64 
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Ȼţ׵ĵ˶ֵסһЩˣԨԸ֮ݷһ²أҹæһ
ڻƴɣԨȻҲţλƴƺòڣδظ

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Ԩ˻Ȼѡǵװ磬һηʿ俴һηʿһҹӿװɵʿ
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ΪЧ֮𣬸صʢ䲻֪˶ðʿɹƭŶ֮ϣЩΪû౾ȰɹټңֻǶʯ󺣡
һϮװʿӣڶԻҲֻǶ࿴ۣһЦ֮
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65 
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صĺܺãɫźܭ
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ԺҲͺ£һǰȥ˵ǵĺô
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ǰ
󣬿ǰһ޴Ȼڴ룬Χһǧٹֵʯ񣬿֮ӣPǣΣѣ⥣ͼţʯ񣬽ᣵУ죬
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ͬʱ˫ɨ䡣
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66 ʯ
Ҫ֪ܷͣ쵽
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ʮǰѵڵʶһķϣǿ٣ôãӦѾ֪ˣ
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ӡ
Ŀ⿴ҵĸҲò˶ˣһɷ嶾ȫѾľ۵ĸԵĵĸɸɾ
ںľôĹ֮ϣٸһλᣬǻһ
ҲǺһᣡ
棬׼뿪𣿡
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·һͷʯſţ
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ԨʱһƫУʱƫмӵڼҺ飬ʱȴӶλӵϢһεƫС
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а
ԨĿīɫаϣɫЩ졣
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ڴʱɫһ䣬ſڣȴһλѩ׶۵ˣٲѾƫУĿ
Сߣ
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ɲ֮ǰܭڴӾ޴оѣ˽Ƭ̣öע⣬ɺܭڵ
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ܭоֵĻҪ³ڴʱһ⸡֣ΪһŻƷס
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67 
ⲻԨ̵ֻС
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Ԩֽеĺ˦ϡ
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ʱײԨǹϵľһͷ򾫴ȡɵͨͷͨԭҲ˲ãֻشټϿǣ̧־ͱѹ
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ΣҪȥ
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ԼҲܴ飬һź

ʯȻǹ࣬ٶȵ治ףֻͳ֮ϣԨݷٶȸ졣
ͬһöɫ飬ת˲ʯǰ
һСɽȣɽȾȵ֮ˮ
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68 լ
Ȼ򺣷ݻˣʯȴƴһϿȣС
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69 Ȩ
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70 ù
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˹ˣӣֻϷԣ棬ѧǳܵ
ԨĿ˸ɫһɲ֮ɫ
ʵϣԨĵһ㶼Ǹλãǵһ
ڹУӵһñлҪ
Ȼͨʫʣе
Ʒ
ˣȮ޲޵£ﵱ˿ޣ
ܺԱ㣬ǺһЦЦһջ
ǰλټǰĺ˿ҫԼĶӣܺǾǸӣүйܹλټǰĻ¹ٽ̸߿һ
ү࣬ϰ
𣬵𣡡
һЦһ˫üصĿһԨԨĿȥλнУǿһ˿أС
ԨɫƽͷһλĻ¹ٿǰּղ
嵱ԱߵС¹ٶ˳ʥּּͥ
ʥּڵԺֳֳܶ࣬ΨһľͨийټΪ࣬شһΪƷɡ
Ԩǰӹʥּл
ʥּ֮Ԩʱǰʥּ֮ϣһޱȵĵһƹⲹ뱾ƹУΪ΢ɡ
Ϊһ˿ɫ˹ˣò죡
Ԩ֮󣬱ܺȥ֮¡

鷿֮ڣԨԱߵϲæӹȡһ̴ľľУ֮Ľ
ˣԨЦֻһƷɰˣأղؾУҪˣ
ϲЦĵպҪϣЩɢְȻǲֵǮģǹӻõĵһְҲղؼֵ
ԨԣҪԣʿ꣬ÿǰľ˺֮࣬˭˵һ˵ϣ˻ҪᣬԼȥ츮ۡĹأ
Ԩüͷ⻰ɲ˵һȥˣ֪Ҫ
ǣӣ
ϲæɫֻг羴磬ԼҹӵĲѧġ
Ԩأҡҡͷôף
ԿԸƷ󳼼Ϊسոճܵùְþλ
Ҫʵְǲ̫ˣ޶ԶʮΪޣʮ겻κʵְ
ȻʿȿƿƾټߣԽµʮꡣ
Ҳ⣬ܹ򶯹ټңּδʵְǲ
Щ̫ˣ
ѣԨҲҪһԡ
ڽҿ֮ǰܹýʿ֮Ȼżĺô
պݽҴЩʿ˵ķҲ̫˵ûܵõ󲿷ʿĳ׼֧֡
ٶƷɹ£õһƹҲԨһЩͷһƷɢְ߽׵Ĺְ
ڹźУӵйְ۹£϶Ҳס

Ӧ뿪𿤣ǰǸˣ
ǱҲԨ㣬ǰټһԣϢ֮£ٴϣٴٹˣ찵λӵ䣡
ӸλȵסӸȴвƽӹ֮СϣƫƫΪһΪ޷죬ѾĿ⣬Ƴ˿ǳ¡
ϾãԨ뿪𿤣δһ£


71 
ƿݸԣԣУֳơǡԣʡԣڴУֳơǡнʿž徭ԪʷѧȿƣԽʿΪء
һǵԣʵһɹټҰѹأɹټҽղţ¼ѡߣ֮ͨΪ
ĺǼġ
٣δȡݣԨԣش
϶Ԩаš
ȻҲ֧ԨǰӦԣ
϶Ԩڽʿϵ裬Ƿͬġ
ԨۣͶԿƾ֮ΪȤҲǱؿƾٳ߼࣬ΪԨֵƸʦ
Щʦǽʿеǰ
бش壬ϥµɣǸĺӣͯȥְ֮һλ£רΡסʫ
Ҳмλйʿι岮ǰУλ岮ԣԨʫīѾһ
ȥ˾ܻ֮ҪԼķˣ
뵽ɫ֮Щ塣
㻹Щʱ䣬Ҳᾡ취Ӻݽҿʱ䡣
ϵʱԽԨ׼ͻԽ֣ԨԽ

ͨиǰ
Ԩ
ǰУԨЩĪϣִʵ
ĸٺǰ֪кηԸ
Ϊ¾Ͳǰ𣿡
̫ʦϣһɫ󸾴ţͷŷɷ٣毺֮ϴŶׯӺݣһ˿⣡
ȻǿԵģگص
ԨһЦת˲ȴɫһһִǰûеĿƺĿг磬вᡣ
ԨĿһڵĸлֱ˵Ƕܹ쵽ضΪĸװɣ
ֻϣ㵽ʱĸ׾ͺˡ
ϻЩĵģȴǴʣƬ̲Ԩʣֱӵ
׼һ£㸸ǰȥ棬׼ǰӦ
ԨĿЩ죬ĸף봺ǲǻС꣬ΪҪڴʱ
ľҵѲްԳůЩ;Уһһͬ꣬һЩʶƿ棬֮ѳɴ
ɣѾǽԨŵװס
ԨЩףʳ˾ʱСԨûвԨ֪ȥд䡣
ϵһſҲǳΪȫĿԨʮָм϶ͬȳ룬ԼãҪá
ʱΪʹµĴţ˻Ԩɣȴۿ뱻ǹܡ
ĸװţӱˣ
Ԩ΢΢֣Ҳٷԣʱ뿪ҲãϾʱ˲ģ壬ۼ̫࣡
Ԩתȥ
СӴӦô죬ǲѾ֪Щʲô
ĿԨʹȥӰɫܾЩ죬СܹܺȴӵÿεİŶᱻСᣬξôʹĴӦ

ǱߣүܿõԨϢ񶼹˲ˣҴҸϻء
ˣѰԨǰӦôûк
ֻƬ̣ܺĴϻŭδӦǶô飬ϾȻһԾϣûаһ֮
̫ʦϣޱŵϣүһǻŭʱͬһˮ£Ѽ˵͵
ֻܺͷ̫Ҫˡ
ۣԽ
ǶԼҲзݣҶھϵǵñشϿɵģδܺϽ
ͷһΣˢˢĿ⣬ܺĵ׾˵ҧ
ˣҲǹ㣬ֻǶ֮Ƕ飬ҲغҫӦҲΪЩ㣬̫үǱҲ׼һ
׼ʲôƶѾˣܹ׼Ķ²˰ɣܹ׼ģҸܹͬΪ׼
һҭү˵
ƶڹһȴǣطԱͨӵвƩТ㩣Уٸùٸ
ڲƶȳΪãܹһ̶ȵĶƣطǿֻŵطǿ͸˵طǿǿƵط
ֻƶѾˣģѶȳּߵӲƶϿȻס
ĿţҲֻܰճ͢ĹƶȰ¡
Ȼڳ͢ҲӰӰȷڵҡ
ܺ˵ϣͷΣֻܱϵ׼ڶԨһǰؼ棬֮󣬱ǰԨأ˳峤һ̫ү岮
գͨз򸾶˵ĿУԨʽǰ꾩


72 

Ԩʱ֣ŵس⡣
ϽسǣһСء
Ԩĵһվͨٹسǣܹڵľ·߾·ֱ뿪⸮ڵľܵ
;ԨʱȴȻͬ
ʱ㣬ԨҲǺܸϡ
ʵϣԨʱȫѡݷһ··ȵ·Ͽ졣
ĸ·Ԩû壬̫ܵ꾩ֻԼ鷳;Уúһ
һǿԾ˳һЩ£ҪĻΪԼЩ
֣ʫ֮ʫһϵʿ֣ڿƿһԣǸļӷ
ĿǰĿƿȻʫīΪԨտʼ֪еľʱۡ
ʫʣҲǴ֮ѧĺãܹ紫¼䶯һʱʫƪƿ֮ʱ绢
Ԩӡеŷ޺Ϊʫдĺã꾩вܿõ˳й˵ʶ
Ķһ൱˲顣
Ԩг˷ӣҲż
ۼɫø·޷̣Ԩͣ˽ŲǽҵһҰ
һΪֺ
İɫзͬҰ޵ľ޿ڡ
ƺѾʧȥԴ壡
ΧʱɽХ֮֮ͬ£ɭ
Ԩһۣǣ߽ԶԶȥ
ǰɴѾ˿£ЪɽʽҲǧٿס
ƺЩҲڻĺܲϵеo
Ԩһۣû⣬ǣֱУֽ˩棬ԨſҲѾҡҡ׹
룬һ׵Ľ
ԨɨһصڵϿһ鱻һֵҶ
佫
Ԩһۣδ⡣
佫ӺŽҰܶ࣬ڴսȥĴš
䣬¥Ĺ١ʦɡ࣬ཫ칲һ
ԨʱһĴ磬ֻϱһһյ
ߣӣΧʰȡһЩյķ
ܿ룬һССĻȼԨӰȡһᡶסζĿ
ĿǰεġסʫĿǰʵǲģΪһôߣԨȷЩСȤ
ٱ飬Լ
ֳͬҲǴԪĵĹ̡
ȻЧֱתģ壬һ˿һԨԣͬ
Ԩϲĸоƺÿʱÿ۽綼ؿ
ÿһƺһĻܣͬͣл棬ҫķ
洫ұУԨоԪĶ÷γ
ʦ˵УҺֱԪܹϣǽ硣
磬Ҫʼ壬޵֮˶ԣһˮ롣
ǿѹѹͬ
һɱ䣬Ҫ
°ҹԨǽȫҺ֮ϡ
£ԨӰȡһ֧֮ϵȼ֮ǰϥ
ʱڣӯѾԶˡ
ɽɴУԨĿǰѾķ
Ԫ϶ڴʱѾѣѵλֳ֮Ԫ
ͻ磬ҪҺҲҪȷϵԪܹȻء
ȥ֮زɾֻѧˣ
ҲÿһλʦĻԵܹҵһ
ҡʯϼأһԪϣԪ޷¸ܹ¸ɹΪмԪԶǿѰʦˣ
ޱҪգδ׼֮ǰǲҪ׳Ԫϣ
ʯмػԪַţһǻԪĸ
Ǹַʽ

Ԩһֱľ˫£ĺҪʱ䣬Ԩ˺档
ʵΪǧŽǿΪֻΪ֮£Ԩʱ˲
ҲֻݱԪ񣬶ʿĸǱ
ԨʱеУеһޱȵķŹ⻪
Ԩ׼ЩΪĺѡ
ʯмʮָ߼ɷɽ洫κһֶĪ֮ܡ
ɷκһֱֶ֮ͨ

ǻ͸߼ֻеһأ߼ֻе磬Ҫݡ


73 һ
ɷ
̫춴Ǭķ
ɷӦȻͬ·
д;ķӦŴ
֮·֮·
ķӦĴ֮·֮·
ʲķҲһּѵѡʬڤƾžķҲֻܹܿıһְٰһݾ
ɽéɽовٵ޵ظйְ£ʱһ컯
Ȼܹ֮ͨ·ͬ١
̫춴ǬԴһּޱȵĴС
ǬǳǬԣҪַҪͨʯеĽԣҪǬԵľ磬Ǭɷ
ɷԨΪ
һأ԰ԶǬ
̺ŷʵͳ
ɷеǴ׷ףһ壬Ī⡣
̫ͻ춴Ǵͳ֮·
̫̫ǣԣڱ󲻱䣡
ͬ޳ɡʯСͨлۡ
춴ǳڻ춴ˣȡһн٣éɽɷ޳ɵһ֡
˵ǿҪ壬Ҫ֮о
ҲζǰǸ
ʮָ߼Ԩʱ迼ǣʮָ߼ֻе磬ĵ·ȻҪԼݣͨҪ̫
ѡֱ
̫Ǭ
Ԩͷһֱɷ֮ԥ
̫֮߷֮·̫ΪΪʲˡ
ǬעϣеܹݻԦɽ𢣬ǻʵУͳ
־ǸλãǬɷˮ
ʵ˴ʱԨͷѾ˶ۡ
ǬɷӦΪʺı
ġԡѾеԲľ磬ǬԲԶ
ЩӦںܶʱ֮ڣ޳Ǭԡ
б
ԨдɫǬɷӦĴУǬԾǬͼԽ
˾Ԩɺܶ࣬ȫȫ⽫ڽԵ֮ϡ
ŵܼԲһǬԣ͵ò仯仯Уֻݻ
ͬԶŷһ㣬۷죬ȡ飬۷أȡ֮ȡ붯Ȼ仯ȡ򣬽ȡԶȡı仯
˵쳣ʵѣ뾲ڰԱ仯С
ԷڴԨֻҪܹ˳Ǭ
ʱǬԱ󣬼Ǵﶬ֮ݻ޾֮Ǭƣܺ档
ȻǺѣҲôף
ԨԼĿǰȱһ
ʱԨӴѹĿ佫⣬ɢϹʱ
ֻǲһ佫⣬Ǵ˻еѪζ
΢Ų佫ſڣԨǿһɫ۵ӢӴ֮˽һΪ
ǵģĵȷһ
ԨĿУصΡ
һʿ
佫ˣʱɫһƬ̲ס̾
ԭˣ߶֮£ȥҵطסޣ
ԨӺڰд鷳⽫ҲУסһžˣ
᲻鷳̨
ᣡ
ԨʱȻһ磬ҲķѧʿӣΪˬÿ͡
ˣǾʹ̨ˡֵͬĵݣӢټ崺ЦݣƽֺøУΪ˴лԨĴ󷽣ӰȡʳþƣָԨ
Ԩһɫ΢΢һҲͰˣԳǸЩϡ
ʱʱЩɱ⣡
Ԩ׼ɱڣ˲ˣƺأ֪ǲǿʲôд㣬ɱ⡣
ԳڣǶʮ·ھжҡ
˴УͶޣһ·Ǳ׷ɱ˴Ŵ˵һҰ׼ڴסһޣ
˵֮Ԩһ
֣㱾Ǿ֮ˣ²ӦýǣУ¼ѾҰ̨Щѳɶ֣»ЩִͣʱȥӦϣⳡ鷳
Ŀ⼫Ϊϣ


74 ʥ
̨Ҫĳڲ֮أĳߣ㻹ЩԱ֮
ԨָָԱ߰ϵ彣
ԨԱ߰ߵԶһĵطЦӯӯĵ
ЩΣգĳܾˣֻ̨ԼԹߣڱǣ
ЩȻԤ룬Ӧ߲Ŷԣ⣬峣ڶôܹ˵Ĳ
ԨĿ͸¶һ˿Ϸʣʱеĵ±׼޷峣
ָΪ٣ΪӸ٣Ϊ޸٣峣ָʡ塢ǡţ
⣬嵱ȡ
ֻǰпɳƲ塣
ǲ³书ʵĻҪ£
ܿеľ㵣̾Ϣ֮״֣ǵͬһ㣬ִڴ˴ᱻ꼰㣿
ԨһЦɫɫĪֻǿڵ
ֵʮ·ھֵĶңʮ·ھֵһˣҲţʲô˾˴󵨣׷ɱ֣
ԨɲǸ켣ȦʱҲй
ʮ·ھǶһصĴ
ʮ·ھֵ֮һλûãһ˲ٶϯ֣շ˶һߵһֺһֶھ֣γʮ·ھ֣¢϶һߵھ⡣
ʮ·ھһʱ䣬롣
Ҳûн˿ۣۺ⣬ֽ̣飬ٷھд󵱼ֳĺˬ۷ѣ
ԨҲʮ·ھֵλͷ󵱼ҽӴλ󵱼书ˣһλԲֺ֡
ȻҲͽˣֻǸͯӣλͷٺˬҲȥһСȣ
ֻڳ
ⶫְʨã
ţ
ԨɫΪһһ˿ɫ
ʨõȷʸΪʮ·ھֵĶ֣ʨڶֵȷǶǿߣͬԲĺ֣뿱ֻа벽֮ң
ԲȻû˼ȣѼԲѹ֡
ԨȻ֪ʨã̾Ϣмλӵܡз磬Щʮ·ھͳ춫ھ֣ף˲ٰ࣬Ҳѹھ֣ȻӰһ˵ƣ˸·Ӣۡ
ȻҲھʱ̫ڸֱ
̫ڸֱԩ𣿡
Ԩһ˫ӴʱĮڡ
Ȼ仰Ԩδ˵ڣֻ䵭һЩأڻǰ
ʱԽĺ䡣
Ҳһѻֻһ˫۾ʱԨڵķԭΪĳͷ佫Уǰ
ڿ
̽Էɫ糣ר
ڶԼǻΪԸЩͷһʱӦûĽѿ֮ơ
ϸ۲죬ȷԼжϡ
Ӧòʿֻ;˵ѧ

ʱ佫ſڣõĴͻȻ紵ˣҡڡ
ͻȻһ磬֮ӰӰ´£ͬʲôֿ۶飬ĿһɫЩɵ佫⣬ֻǿһԨԨڻߣƺѾ˯ţҲһϼ¡
ʱԨ˫ֻ佫⣬һŨԹӭӰӰ´£һԹصӰ⡣
ƺ佫ɢεֵסǹɺޱȵ˪Թ
⽵£һ£ͳŨϡ
С֪ߵغ佫ĵط
ȥĳײˣɢ
ӰĿдɫںǳ⣬ʵҲͷ
λ佫ͷΪϤһмְ֮⡣
ȴİУһӰԱл֣ɫ԰ףòȴȻ飬Ʈ䣬һͷ׺ޱȵһֻѣ׹İеľ飬˫ȣ˫֡
һ羫һŮӳе佫Ҳ¶ź֮ɫۿŮģؼŮһľˣŮһ˫ȡ
УŮڵϣ˫ţ
ؽ˶ٶ£һģ֮£뽫ſ⣬СŮͬھҲù
ؽ
֮ڣԨԭ׼ᣬֻǿϷŮӳƺʱ̲סĿеý
һ彣׹г֣˿࣬òΰ˵Ӣ˲ǵ㣬ȴء
佫ǿʵ
Ԩͷʱһһʱλȷδ
λδķʷԨûӦβӦôܹһλй±ض


75 Ӫ
ҪԨûҪӿ죬صҪӦúܿ졣
Ԩڹصι۹Դӡǳ̡
ʱŻ䣬ණԽ
صķ¾ǰ
뿪ɣƶбз֮ʱȾѪȣֻֻأ
е佫Ȱ⡣
ԨʱδӼ״̬лظһԱߵڣĿ֮⣬
ˣɣ
ȥ佫Ůϣȴͬס
оǹ˼ɢĺƵϣĿһŮ̾˿
̫ļˣ
ǵã֮ǧ򲻿ɷײ˹ˣҲס㣡
Ůԣһ佫ʱͷ
ŮֱУȴ֮ǰһλ۵ϥڽ֮ǰ
ͲȴüĿ㣬ݰף˫֮ϸȥɼ鶯ԡ
佫֣Сԩ޴ԩڴڣû뵽Ǿ˵ѣ
׹ȿڣͬʱֱȭδûжŮά֮⡣
ؽض񣡡Ԩһ鷨ɳֹ𽫾ĴЦ
ؽɽ֮ʿƽıǽ֮ʿ
ԣ佫ɫһλ˻ӵģ浣λֲͨĵˣЩ˿ɲһСӡ
ʱδػסŮ
кԩ˵ˣҪ㣬ǹƪĪҪĺ
ԨĿԱߵŮʱŮߺޱȵĶڣ޲ʳƤ
һԹڲ䱩ǣ
ԨһŮʧصʱ侲
Ů˸мԨһۣڵĶԹ

Ԩվԭδڣֻżüͷ
ʵڷĿŮʱԨ֪Ů˭ˡ
ֵУʢĳ͵Ľ֮⣬ǶŮ鳤ˡ
ǰŮǶʢһŮӣϾֻϾŮ
Ͳٶеָˣйǣ
ʵǽѹ㷺
ϾŮ˵ԨʵѾµϾŮڵĶԹ
Ԩ˵ϾŮ
ϾŮй顱ָˣͨһͬص㣬˲ʧ
ԨҲӵĵ书ؼͬУȻҲϲֻʱΪϾŮֻԼҪȡЩеؼδ鵽滹Ļٿء
ŮĽ
еӣѹ㷺ֻΪȡЩе书ؼ֮ǾؼƾʧһЩܺ߿ȴǷ񲡣
ͬʱϾŮܵڵĿƣæˣ
ܹʮ·ھ֣ܹ˳϶֣󲿷ϾŮĹ͡
֮һжĥɱ¿ĺϷλ֮ӭȢ󵱼ʿİã֪ȫܵϾŮǳ̡֮֮
˸֣ϾŮڶʿǰѣ˿˫˫֣佫ǰ
˵α֮ˣѵ
ʱŮ˫Ŀͨڡ
ϾŮǰʲôˣڵȴǵģֻзˣһԸ
ʱУ佫Ҳ
ϾǰȡɹȷдȴթһĻ߻ߣʱıŽȡ𿤾·
ţѰ·
ԨɫȻĿⶢڣк˲֣ڻ˯Ҳ˸
֮¹غ·յôƻ׮¡
ԨʱĿϣָһһȻϷɳʱƿԨС
һöҶö鶯ķ⡣
ʥƵϾŮֲҲҿöҶⱻϾŮ׷ϣ˺ˡ
бҶԨˣ֮Ҳٹˣ
ԨֽöҶⱴҶƺĳλɮд̺Ũ𷨷⣬ֻ»зŴУⶫԷʿԣʥ
֪ǴıҶ
лֻȴһˣСŮԸⳤ̵ңţرݶ飡
ʱϾŮɫӯӯ£ͷл
Ԩڰ֣ȴֱӸܾˣ
òţ㱨֮ǺŹؽǰ٣ҪֻؿºѣܹŹؽ۹£δϹ֮·
ԨʱĿɨϾŮ֮ϣϾŮӵһʮʣʿԹڵ塣
ʲ͵壬ΪЩһЩ۵ĵ廹Ҫ
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80 ر
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81 
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к·мҲȫˣ
ʵԨոյܱߵسǣ֪ʱ䷢һ¡
¼ԵһŷͬѰĻʰ
ɹеղʹگɳۣҹֱ̣˼дССĹԱղּ·ͬСɣ޼ȣǧ򲻿иúãиĲãгͽ䣡
ּǹе̫࣬һɴССԱȻҵ㽫ʰسǣʰĵǡ
ʰ˼ȷگ¸سǴŮղʹؾ
һҲǵ˴ùǩв¡
Լǹټһλĺʣ
ѡԹ֮Ѿԭ֮ͣɶ֮
ѡһŮ빬УΪΪȻһҫȫ졣
ѡмŮ˻
ĽУпᣬè̫֮»δȥȱеһЩʬδ
฻˼ҿѡͬͬ븸ĸ룬ƻŮȥ޻أ
䵫Ŵ£δŮ֮ңǾͬͷΨһİ취ȻǸϽŮŮʵڲӲקֱȥҲҪȥ
һֹȻȻų֣ýߣҹֵļҲѰʱ˲١
˵һμ֪һ˫֣ǩ
عûϴ֣ڴССعٳǩУó˳󽱣һϰŮ鶫س
һʱ䶫عٷ򸾽ͷö
ǶسŮعٷϥҲһŮ䱦һ뵽ŮҪݹǽۣԺһҪ¶䣬飬γϡ
رǰҲаʾǹǰգŮ׶۾Ҫն
ϳҲǷϻֻһãһŮ׳һΪѣ
׳ǶԲĸ
׳ᣬĸϻͲӦ
֮ϣϳһɫٷǴүоͷ۵
ʱ֮ϣԶԶıǿмۺ͹ԶԶ
ʱת⼸ۺ͹ðź˲·
⼸ۺ͹ӣϳ̲סֱӴӴλվʵ
ͷܰͷˣ
Ϻɫһ࣬ϵүȥĳһЩǽܹͨӣԺӣ֮ǰѾǮԱŮˣ
Ǿû𣿡
ϳӣŭ˫Ŀ
һίүˣǮүӰסˣ˶࣬
ʱſ֣ϻӺۣ
Ǻã
ϳԣ˫񣬼Ҫ¡
زʲôĽ̴أмӣѾɼңͨƷ͵ģúõһȡþʸѣ֮δûϣ
ȴǸǮԱˣ
ǮڶҲǴ˼ңѫ壬ǲ
ڶʣµһЩţҪô̫СҪô̫Ǵүϡ
ҸСӸˣǼȻӧ֮ңҲŵڣôСӣ
Ǽ˫ֶŮǲò˫ȫôǮҵŮҪǿȥˣ¼ޣǴүʵͷʣ
Ǯཡ׵򣬾үҵŮˣ
д
żľĲۣϳʱҧгݣңõĲȫүȥҲƷģǼҲˣ


82 ҹ޻ƺ
ԨʵԶԶ˶سǣһεûǵ˼
Ҫˮ·ֻҪڶسһСӣ۴ȿɡ
ط硣
Ԩϰ·Χǻ̵ĵطɽ֣ԨЩûͯˡ
֮ǰнϲԴסУҲչӣΪԨһҪ·ϸ飬ͽͯʱˣһ·̶ǰʦ
һˣȴ˼
ڰʱԨڽӽʱڿһЩϢ
ȻʱѾˣȻҪһЩĴ
ߣҲдע⵽˺ӱС·ϵԨ
ٴͣеũųͷЩԨ
Ǹˣ
ϺӴڻһϣǶسĶɿڣ·ô⡣
Ҳܵģ
̫ƽʢҲм֮
λӣҪȥ
ڴ½߹Ԩܿ쿴ԱС·ϼŻʵĺ˹鲼ۣͷϴŰ·Ѿɣвٲĥ𣬵Ϊ׵˴ŵ·м£ҾҪϲ١
ӦǴ
ΪϺкԨס֣ɣϺӴĴ񣿡
ǣϺݣΪϺӴĴ峤֪γƺ׼δȥ
Ϊ׵ϺΪҾ
ͬʱΪ׳׳޵ĵȥ·֮ϣΪ衣
·ԣ
Ԩһۣû⡣
ͷ˶ܾ裬Ͼǿɽ
Ԩϵľ¶һЩᣬԼīֽ⣬ͬʱֵ
ɣǰʦϿľˣֻ̰εǴͶޣѾˣɣɷסһ
ȷˣ
Ϻۼ⣬Ǹͷϵ۾ʱЩ
ҪĻѿɲˣǱīֽ⣬ЩżѰܹġ
ôϲ֮ˡ
ҿţԲ򵥣ﶫŷİ񵥣˲
ԭλǣдһǲѣֻǴ񷿼ª˹ӣ
ɿˣ⣬иڷĵطѾ㣡
Ԩ΢ЦͬʱɻԸ˵סһҲ޳ޣԸһʣøλԿ
Ӹ壡
ʱһ֣Ա߼λ׳Ҳ¶ϲɫ
ܹմһմϲɫ˶ģλСɾԸʣٺòˣ
һ쳣ܿԨ˷ӣǼ׳һҲݣʹ峤һա
һʮġ
۸񲻹
֮⣬ԨһӣԼһЩαΪһԻԨһ⣬Ե쳣
֮⣬ݼҴĴ֪һλˣҲΪ֡
ϺӴλڻƺӶɵıԵÿʱ򶼻еľǰɿڣ˴ֱ
㿡µľȴټҿҲ
޳Уϵ׹Ө͸ֻҪɵ֪ĳ˼ҡ
ٴŮƹ֮󣬸⺬˿εɾǴʵϧ
ôŮţòԨٳٶۣҲӦ
ûڴнޣȴûܹô顱д
ԨҲƲ磬һ̽ܿõõϢ
鷳
ԻУһڴз֮Ԩ¶Ρ
ЩʹŮԼŮӣܹ⣬Ⲣܹ
ܲԼˣӡ
ԼȢЩ˼ҵŮ
Ҫ뿪أ
ԨԼͣһ⡣
ԨϺӴ岻ãһλˣλȴΪ죬һλˡ
λۣնֳֳᦣ˵Ʒ಻
ͬԳƴͶޣϣܹɽޣһֳʩ˵ҩһλϡ
ԨԻнס֮ϰԵ붨
⼸һֱרĴĥУͬʱȴ΢ӡεһ̡
Ȼ붨Ķȫ޲

ǡǡ෴λ˽ϺӴĵһʱ䣬ԨͲһЩۿλΪʩˣԹۣ֪ʲô
֮ԨͷƺסŲֻƬ̣Ԩ⴫
ˣ
Ȼ
ԨеǺĿ⣬ͬʱֵɫȻһЦ˿ǳģ


83 
ɫˣͨǺ㡣
ʱȷʵһۣͷϴˮڵĵˣλȻ˵꣬ް߰ףȴ¶Ӣ䡣
ˣΪ飿
Ԩɫƽͬʱһ˫ĿλˣȻǫǫӡ
λҲڴǰ
Щ죬һֱǰò˵ǰȡõĳɾͣĿ
еͯʮľˣΪס
Ĳͣʵ
仹֮ܺĶӡ
˳һ񣬵
ƶ⣬Ҳ𿤣һλͬеǣǰһ
ԭ
Ԩǰˣǰ˺ܾ񣬲̫ڸߵϱôصնҪоᦣҪԼѰֿһʿģ

ȴȻ˵
ɾ𿤶һ壡ƶ˵Ŀɶԣ
ԭأԨЩ㶣˵Ǵ
ת˲Ԩһ룬ⲻǰʱ
װˡ
װ˵ķݣȻװͷˣ
Ԩͷ죬ֻͷδ˼£
ԨЩ족ô֪µʵݣ
Ԩף۵۵״һ˿Цݡ
ƶͨ塷׾һ㲢ѣ
ӡ塷׾ţƤúô
ԨͷЦӡ塷׾֮ѧĸڡ
ʷǴӡ塷֮ϣŲǬԡ
ԨǬԣҲͨ塷
Ȼӡ塷֮󣬼תѾʧµֻƤëЩƤëջ񣬵ܴﵽʲô̶ȣ
ȻҲб̬ģԨ֪ܿһλ۵˳ЩƤëвһ洫
ֻԨ˳˻
ͨ
˵ԨλڣЩˮͬʱЦһԵ
ֻһ㣬ɲ㱾£ӵȻ֪Ĳֻ࣬Ҫģδز鲻
б£ɷ˵һ˵㻹֪Щʲô
Ԩĺ۵˵»ЦҲգкѣ
۵ֵƶ֪Сɾ˫ȫ
Ԩֵһ˿С˿ī֮⣬ҲлԵһЩϳڹķ
ΣСɾһ·֮ϴأٵһ·֮˲£
۵ָԨڵһֽɡ
ƶҪСɾСɾȻˣ֮޶ţ»ʱһñȻʧĥ
۵ָԨʱȡɡһֵģ»۵˶
ɡ֮ڣϾŮӳ˯ѣȻһͷ˻۵˵ĵԨĶЩҡͷ
λ˻ЩȤζ
ϾŮҲЩ棬۵Ҫ¶ˣǲ֪ǳʲô
Īǳع
˹ضүԼǰһʱĽ̵ϾŮѾ
ܿԨǿ򶨡ִɡ·
ȷЩУȻŵڸҲӴһЩʿбµĲ࣬һ֮Σ
Լͨ塷׾Ŀǰ֮¶ǿԲ飬֪ܹδδ飿
˵ţԨգǰĻ۵ˡ
ʱĿУǰ۵˿νһԩԩ֮ǿ᲻֮ǰһЩħ֡
ǿɱӰϺӴİգʱ⣬ⲢԨı⡣

˴ʱͷЩ͡
ǹ˼ǰ֮ƵܺĶӣͶˡ
ֻɱǰӺѲ⣡
ƾܺ𿤵ͷػʿǰ鿴
Ԥı򿪷ӡ֮£Ȼ֦
۵鷳η壬ֻ¹λ٣¶Ҫ֮
Ϊ˼Ƭ̣۵˵
ȻƶУδһԣ˷̫ƶУƶҪһͷ빫Ӧʣ
Ŷ֪Ҫʲôͷ
Ԩɫһ
˵µƶ֪ڴõһǿƶ֮ͽ˷ΪͷΣ
ԭΪǱҶ
ԨһͬʱͷȻ
ͬʱк棬ƺıԾãǱҶĪǻҪ֪ã
ʶĽϵȷһ顮ԵɺϡõȻҪͷҲ޷
ԨԣһЦʮֺˬ
ôԳˣһ㣬µԪΣ֮


84 
СɾԪҲͰˣ²ѣ֮¿²У¹ղţƶﲻСɾ
۵˻Щ֪֮Ȱѻ
֮ޱȣܹסǷɣҲҪѲƤ
ԨԴź֮ɫ
ǾԪɣ
ף۵˵·оᦣ̫ɫתƬ֮ϳһ̫Ծ
ת
вǳǬΪȣΪȣ
԰ɫͬһϲΰ˲併̫Ծ
㣿
ԨΪһǴӺԣеóһѧռš
ԲͬԣΪףּͬѭˮС
֮ͬҲǲ֮ɽ֮
ȻƷ˰ʧؽдУܲҲ࣡
˵ȷǵһ֡塷Ҳûдţ
Ԩɫ΢΢һ
ֻת˲ԭأѾɫ䣬ʱ͸̫ԾǰС
ɴĿУĿƹ⡣
ãִڸܿӡ˴У룡
¡¡
ͷɲǼƺƶѻЮһȻ޷ݵĿֲΰȻ
дĿɫݼֱ˫Ŀ

һĲҽʱϺӴȻ۵еڶ񣬺ȻޱȵԻڣ
Ȼ䣬׵׹䣬ֱԻУһĻڶĿɹ
ƹ⣬㵽ʲôˣ
۵ɫ䣬Ѫ˫Ǳܿˣ
ԨһѾܾˣ򺣷˲֣һ۵ɫɳ
飡
ձ֮ϱ֮쳹У
ԭأ飬վĲֱͦͦء
֮ǰһֻޱȵԪӲзɳ
Ӱޱȣ˫ڴʱȻѪԪѪᡣ
Ԫ˫شˣбǴһУ
ƭӣƭң˷ߺͬʱڶ˳ӣֱ֪Ӷˣ
αع˼ô࣡
Ԫ񣡡
ǵֻӳӰԨɫΪһ۵ֻʦĵˣȻҲԪ񣬿Ӧⷨţ
ΪҶܹܲ㣡
ʱһö
ԨӦһȻѪɫԪ񣬾ҪӶݡ
÷
ԨɫЩǵȻѪɫǴѪɫһޱȵѪɫ÷
ǶѪɫ÷ɢһƢζԨ֮ǰһ
÷̺Ѿ󣬻һƥ÷ζ֮£һֻ˯Ķ֮С
ƾһֶΣԨͺһͷѷɫڽľ
ʲôˣȻѾˣԨϲû۵˸ˡ
ƺȨ
Ԩ΢⻯ϹзɳһԾ촹ƺبأƲء
ƺȨ̺žƺ֮ȻԨδƺӴ޷󣬵ӴĻƺȻŽƵΪ
ƺܻľǻƺתѪɫ÷еӰҲоǾƺĿֲӴܡ
ֻȴȴӲŨƺĥʱѪ÷㱻롣
ۼӲȥ
ѪڴʱȻǣɼһ칬װ绪Ӱڰ֮ϣüĵһɰ۵÷ӡ
ÿһ·
ʱӰΪüԨһľ׵Ȼ֮⡣
ƾʲôƾ𣿡
ԨͬڰУĿУһ÷ȻʢһѪɫâԴԴתһѪɫ÷֮ϣǡ
ƿӣΪ֮ĻѰ·
÷ʱѾȻŭѪɫͬѪɫ籩һתͬʱѪɫ곯ԨϮȥ
֪Ǻ𵱳޼ħҪֲ
Ѫɫ籩еӰҲɫŭ֣ʱ۵ķͻƷӡĹؽڣΨһһӳӡĻ
˶̫ҪҳϦദ㻹Щ顣
Ԩɫɭ䡣
øʶҵݣҲ뿪ã
ݷתɫâȫ
ԨĿǣĲԻûɣӵʱܱ¶
Ȼ֪Ůο֮һ߲ˣ
һģ壡
ģ壬ֻǺ֮䣬Ԩֱѡ˼ģ塣
𣡣
Ԩһ̣߲ڶâ˸˲仯һףͷ˫ǣֳɫӰ
Ǽһǻƺ
ֵһǣƺ񣬲ԾеĻƺ
Ȼ˻ƺȨƺȨʱȴ״̬С
ڵĻƺӲδģļѣ״̬ȫԩ
ҲԨʼգܹԭ
ģٴγ֣һɺޱȵ
΢ԻĻƺӺɼһöɫһţɲǼѪɫӰĥһɶ
ŮޱȵһĻЩȻ
ȫ
ͬʱ嫻ƺ˳Ѫɫ⻪͸ķֱһϿա
ƺˮûۣѪƬ֮Ϣ
ƺбϯ
۵еһλλҲϤڻƺУʯƬ̻ΪɫɳȫȻɳ
Իƺ֮תһ֮£ܵǳ


85 ҹ
֮ǰ
תݷڻƺ߶֮£ǿ쵽˼㡣
ӦþϾŮ˵Ǹۣ
Ԩʱӹضүл˴ʺҲûжϾŮеǸٶ˼
δ뵽תת˴˴
Ԩʱ۴֮µĶһĿȻ
һ޴ľڵ̸ڣͬһ㣬Ů÷ζɵ
ܿԨɫЩ¶ڵԨһʯס
һ޺ɫʯףʯױ÷ס鲼Ũġ
ЩĻһַԷ⣬ʱѾ㣬ԨĻƺǿиˢˡ
ӡĺۼ
۵ıҶԨʱЩ
ǻ۵˶ȡ̺ŷ𷨴еıҶӦҪת޷𷨣Դƿӡ
ֻϧ;غԲҪ跨ȡء
ԩܵԨǰԼ
ʱ۱ƺϴ񣬷ӡѾƳǷӡȣӡ±ѹаҲֱӱƺߣ
ݷһԨ޺ɫʯ֮ǰ
һӣʯ׶ʱƿ
һʬǣ
һŮʬǣ֮ǰ꼻һֵŮģһģһʬ
ֻǿװǰе
ʬ֮ϣһ˿Ũ
ԭǰѹȫ΢ǣ
ȷǿԵ΢Ǵѹƣ
ֻǲ֪ΪΣǰǰֱһǧ÷Ϊһ壬Ŵѹڴˣ
ƺ÷Ůֻأ׳Ϊһ
ϧĻһ˿
ԨĿ⵱УһɫʬڣȻƺˢһƷҲѾȾ޷ɣֻɢ
Ԩһ飬һ߲׹⵱һʯʱ顣
ֻڷʯ׵ʱԨע⵽ʯ׺棬һ÷ƵĻһ绯ȱʯ
ݼįɣ滨һ֦ꡣ
лһã
³
ͷ徴
Ω飬ϽμĽȥ
ǳ޸裡
ԨҲǱʫ֮ȻҲƪ˿ڵƪ
ŮЩ
Ԩ룬㲻߲ͣ׹ٴγ֣ʯϤΪɳɢˡ
Ȼһ൱ҪĻڡ
ΪһĻʿԨǴɨսԭƻ
ֻԨȻˣƺƻǾˣƺɨԭǸɸɾ鱦Ҳȫʯ
˲ʬϸԨһο
һͿڴ
Ϳڴһڽ⡷һ塷
ڽ⡷Ľ׭׫дģƺΪʲݣһһ֣ĳɵڷţˣҲܷʽõҲƽⲻˡ
Ƚмֵһ塷
⡶塷ĳλ֣֮һֶں徭Ĳע͡
Ԩǧ𲻻

Իƺ֮ǲԨܿ췵ϺӴ塣
Ԩ¶ԼڵݣԽ͵취ϺڶһԲ˵
Ϊΰҹʿ
еȥȥˣ
ԻаҹΪвҽ֮
һ㵹ǲѣżʹʱڣԨ߲ûͨû˸ʿʿڶĿ֮£󺰡ƶˣˣЦʧںҹ
һĻǴȥصoҲֻΪǻ۵˶ͻ֮һϵûС
ΨһĹϵֻǵ㲦
һ֮Ԩȥƺ֮Ǿɢͬʱͷ΢Ȼ
תʱԲˣͷɫǱ޴ʣ
ݴ峤İ£ԨʱѾһӣС
ʱԨϥڵ棬յ֬ʱڿգХ֮ƺмϹĪ⡣
ɱ䣬΢ӡˣ
Ԩʱɫϲʱ蹬ڣԪ֮Уֻɫǹٲһⴹ䣬蹬ڣ蹬ɫǹ㣬鸡ʼ
ɫǹһɾ޴ڻƺ֮ϳΣ
Ԩеȴ޷΢ӡ΢ǹľ޴

һߣϺֽʱ򣬶س֮⣬ȴŸͷ㼱ٵĳϺӴ
ҹӵϺӴ׳ϺӴһ𿤵ľˣƷòѣˣ
βǴүϲ쳣ҹʦүǰࡰ롱ڱԹȣ


86 
ֻ;Уλʦүȴɫ䣬ס֡
ƺ֮ϣȴ
ɫֱ죡
һɫҫƺ֮ϣƺ֮ϱһɫǵĹ֡
΢ǣ
ʦүҲЩʶ֮ˣ᲻ǿɫǵĸڡ
΢ǣǴŵ
ƺ֮΢ǹ⽵١
ѵǹټ΢˽ãƬ򡭡
ʦүԣ̲ס¶֮ɫ
ʦүʲô𣿡
Աڶ۲ԣҲͣĿԶУƾǵĿ⣬ֻܿһɫΪһЩǶҲ̫
ûʲôǼϺӴ壡ʦүɫ˻ޣϺӴȥ

ʱ΢ǴʣȴǾڶ
΢ǹⱩǵһ˿б仯ԴһǶۻ
Ƿлӵ۳΢ӡ
ڶɫ𶯡
΢ӡĳ֣һˡ
ÿһλ΢ӡĻӵܣ˱ȹһ֡
ڿ⸮ʦ̫
ŨϹ̫УȻͨأֻƺӱڣع
ƺ¶һǣ
󣡡
ʱ̫У۵Ϊ̫ӣһʱ̫еı仯
ǹ̫ĹԱ
Ҳջ壬Ԫ
ףҺ֮ǰͱųС
ԪĿ𺳵̫Ͽգ̫񷶥֮תһɫǹ⻪ǣѹ̫Ⱥǡ
λӳɹ΢ӡ
ԪĿ̫УһͬʵǴ
Ȼ΢ǴʣŹʵ֮ϣδ¶вء
֪λһ
Ԫ΢ǣܿϲɫ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ټñȻйӣ󲿷زۣ֮Уӹǲöá
Դè̫֮󣬹һ˲ķΧ
λĹˡ
ǻӣǿ׳Ҳٲ޶زۡ
ӦòǼλӹĻӣ
ټʵʮֿλӣڻӳܷ֮⿤ͷΣϵӵܷܶһӵĿꡣ
ط֮΢ӡͨܿ죬⼸λӸδɳ
ԪȻϣǼλ΢ӡ
Ҫӡ֤Ҳѣ
Ժ棬ʦæ鿴һʦڹУ
̫еĶͬҲܿ빬ǵС
ǵйʺ֮⣬λóӣλϣϣϣϡ
⼸λʡ͵ĵƣÿһλٳ費˥
Ӹá
ڹҲϢ̫ͨеĶûϵ۾
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ʱУԭѾ˯µҲȻ˫Īңž֮ϵǿɫǡ
ɫСڣʮ˷๰һһƺ΢ǹһ壬ʼ̥ǡ
СӾҪҵİ΢ӡҲǵɴĿ
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ͬʱԨ˫ĿϺӴ֮⡣
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87 벻ż
УԨ˲ٶõ½½Ӻ֣һͷͷŴϵúܼ
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Ԩҡҡͷ˳ȥԨ֪ģʱ
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ԨǷʦүʱͷܿԨסĵط
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ԣʦүϲλӱҪ˵Ķࡣ

Ԩŷʦүһٴηضسǡ
ڼ붫õʱ򣬷ʦүһȴѾ߸סˣܿԨĿ£һת˸䣬Ͻֶ棬һޱȵլ
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ԶԶģԨŵһʮصϢ
ʦү˵֮󣬱㾶ֱҴȥˣԨ͵һ᷿УϢһ


88 ȥ
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ԨһۣʱһЦֶȻסĵҲ˱ⷬڡ
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89 
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ԨĻشǷ˻ͷ⣬Ԩܰ
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ԨĿһٵչᣬ˹֮磡
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Ԩͷһ̾ʵͷӰֺ͵СиϵģҲڻ
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ԨڸոսǼҸۡʱ򣬾͡šһصζζԨ춯Ԩˡ屦һ
᷿Ժ
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ķϣԨתԪϸӦǹζڡ
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ʱ֮󣬶ҲϢʹѾأܿͽ١

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һ·ȥϵ֮Ԩγ鷿֮ǰϳһСһɫľģ滹е㽹ڵĺۼ񱻻չ
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ԾԨЦݣ
̺Ũ컯ѹܹðٻתʱţԴ˱ǬԾܳɾһ汦
·ܵ߳ǧ׻ľĵĴ̼еһöӾǧ׻ľԣתݡ
黯ʵее·ĵеУɵţе
ֱ仯ǡ
Ԩ˲һϲ
ԽΪǬԵĻԵѾ
ԨæԱȡǲ塷
ɨǾγݺĺɽ
һ̣ɬԵĺƺһζδŹ⻪Ԩǰʧҿصɴһ͸
ֻ˲䣬ԨǸоеڣһöСС۳Σ
Ǭ޳ɵף
Ǭ˳ޱȵ


92 
ǹɴϷ˲ɱ䡣
ԽΪǬԣǬ̺شƣִУ̤ʴе
ԨоԼԼ޴ڵİ˹㼯ڣʼϸ壬
ǬԵ
ǬԣǬһҶ忲ˣ˰㲻ͬѰʵһݻ
̤ǬԣܹԴԴϻǬ֧š
νھء
ҲǬǿĵطƺƵƥ
ҷǿ
ԡ
ǬԵĻ֮򶯾֮Ϊ֮ܣ޲
ǸʱҲܻת죬o֮
һԣܻ÷֮ܡ
ԶʱҲǶܡ
ķ֮ϣǬɹԨʣƺǳһƹ⣬ǳ˷ȥһ̱÷Ũҡ
ɹѾԿԪϣͻ磡
磬һЩһصħУҲΡ
ǲģ壬ԨҲѾ˵ķ
Ԩĥɰг߳ǧ׻ľģǧ׻ľĵǸö
̺ʡȥʱĲ
ѭ
ӣǬԾ
ԨѾѡ˱ǬԾһ壬Ϊʺı
ǧ׻ľģԨѾ뷨
ǾԼ
Ȼ϶ҪҸľѧһѧľ
öԷæԨľ֣֮ǧ׻ľԣǿɾ͵òʧˡ
ǧ׻ľģԨȻһķۡ
нɫͼٴƾճ֣
Ѿɼ˰ɺĻۣۣΪһעǧ׻ľС
Ǭԣǰ׷ˮɽ
ַԨ绢ҲתǬ֮ܣܻһ֮ܡ
Ǭģ
ǬԿضλɽҲ˵ͬһܸˣ˶صơ
ԨԽͨԽǿ
ȫصƣӦʵľ硣
ԨʱǬԵ򲢲ѾԽǬ֮ܽгݻ
һ׷
ǬԵݻʱӵԽ׷ӳ˲ܣ
嫵ǧ׻ľС

һҽʱ

ɲ֮䣬һԼԼĹŹǧ׻ľݳ
ħ
ħ
ɷ֮
ԨĿһһŵĹŹת˲Щ
ʯмأˮɷһЩˮػԵɺ֮»һЩɷɷＫаһЩ
򣬺׳Ϊɷħ
ɷħһּöԸħͷ
Ԩȡǧ׻ľĵʱ򣬾ǧ׻ľЩ졣
ǧ׻ľǬ֮仯ʱһ˿
ǰһͷɷȻδ
ǧ׻ľĵ컯ոճΡ
Ԩת̼֮£ʱҲزסˡ
˿˿ƺǧ׻ľɢ
һͷޱȵ飬ССӰűһѳĿⰧԨ
Ѱ
Ԩ磬ʱޱȣȴװδǰʵǺηΪľ֮Уƶ
ͬʱһֱָֻһƷûء
ԣ̧ͷܿӴ£
¾һǣףҪһǣֻҪҹ̻꣬СԸľǰֻأ
ȷʮͬһ̣Ʈ衣
ɷãǲѡľǧ׻ľУԨһܹĺۼ
ɷҲǸϷͼţɻء
ԨɫЦֱӽҴϷ
ϣҪΪƶ֪˶ɷħͷ
ԣɷʱӳƶ۳ɰܣϲѪɴδɱ˹κ飡
СӰӿԨǰתΣԻϡ
ȷκѪɷ
Ԩˣ֮Ǭתɷɫ䣬ͼɷӳأȴ֮תİͼ
׻Ϯת˲֮佫ɷһա
Ԩɫƽɲʲôѧңħħ
˾ֱ
ͷɷѻƪΪš
ԨҲţǴʱɷ֮δҲκ

˼ˣԨһõķ򣬹ղѾ˶ãǼӦȥ
Ԩʰðֱͣ磬ͨĶɿڣֱʦ


93 ʺֱ
õУղѾá
Ĺʹչù𿤵Ĺ壬
λĻ¹ǹе̫ܹ͢ܡ
ܵʺĵطкܴģʱͣ붫ã֪ϳѡõİŮ
ϳѾеĲѼ˰Ů
ʱУվţһĿⴹᣬͷ
ⷬľ󿴵ϳҲЩ̣ʮΣֻܰο
ǲҪˣܹźǼĸҲҫ˹˼磬ȴܴ޳Уõ̼һټҿˣһ֦ͷ˽ˣҫ棡
ϳֻܾĸλŮ伦
ּһЩӵŮͣ˿жЩɫ
Ƴһϳɫÿɷùмּ֮󣬹ͷ
ϳĵ˿ʱת˲һ˫ӥҲ̾
Ǵòٻع󣬶ټΪǴ˼һ󹦣
ԣϳĵһԺתһͷ
û뵽ϵķӷá
ЩŮ󲿷ǴѡвٳںţǾʹŴֲ£ôܱλе̫ܹܸУʱ粨
˸ӣЩ֬ˮۣЩŮһ
ʱϳЩڡ
֪ϵķӣܹӦλ̫죬ͲؽбøǸˣ
ȴڴʱӥת˹ͻȻֵ
ڼʱ򣬾Ǵ˸ƺҲλɫС㣬֪λǸС㣿ǽ˹У˵ΪǴ˵ϼ仰
ʱɫϳ
˴ηѡŮǷĹټǷĻʺ
ʺΪߵּ̫࣬о񣬹Ȼ
ҪΪ빬ĻѡһЩ׵Ĺˣ̺ãδӹУñֽţɳӣ
ȻӹУȻҪһ㡣
ʺҲÿʱ򻹻˻ӣ
ϳɫʱһ䣬ͷϵĺˮʱӿ˳æˣ¹֮ŮòУ
ԣɫˢıˣɤ
ǴˣɲҪ󰡣ΪӦŮǣ֪ʲô۾֮۾֮Ҫȫնģ
ݺݵĶϳĿƺγˮ
֮ǰ˭кŮģȥ
Ʋ۾ϳϳڴУһ˫ӥĿǾ֮ɫ
ȥʰһ£ǼҶλС汾ٽ
ϳоͷһ񺮣æ
ˣ¹˽СŮ׾Ⱦ˲֢ݣ»˲ˣ
ϳҲ֪λܹܵ͢ѲǲˣݣæۣǼŮӸг
˾ĿȥֻźɴŮӯӯ
ŮʳڣŮ⿪ɴֻŮϾżֲĺڴ
ϧ
ɫеϹŮǰ飬ǵõĽè塣
ùŭѣֻܷȥ
Ϊϳϵ˿
˶ǵ˵ķӣҲķڷ
ϳϵ׻Щģļ֮ۺǼݻָ½֦ϳԾͰ׼Ǽȵ游Сסһʱ䣬ַܱܷͷ

һߣԨ뿪֮һֱΧͨиһֻʳ˾ߺܿҲԨȥһʱ佫Ϣ˹С
꾩Ӹ
ʺڽ֮ϣܱλصӰڴ֮ϣλŹ󸾵ķȴǷƽƺڵȺŻʺ
Ƭ̣ʺ̧ͷڡԶˣ
ǣ
һλװ΢΢⹬װʱϲɷ
ʱ䲻ٹ﹬ڿŵè̫ӵľ£˵צѾߣӸԸǡ
£λǲһ֣նһֹצλӼһѹ
λװֵ
ǱĿǰ⣬Ӽǲ׼»Щգ
ԣʺһλŮ١
ӵ걻ߵĵطӸԶҲǻף±¶
ף΢ǹⲢ֣
ǴӲһǴʱ¶ȻΪʸ֮ģ
߻ӣ˱¶ݵļʺܴ
ûУ
ʱϣһλӢĹװΪЦУò˶þȡУ
ԣʺףٴνĿзϣֻƽڲ

һߣӻƽСµʱ䣬תתһ··سǣԨҲУ
˵⸮뾩ʦ֮ң


94 
ƺӾϣ˹عءŭˣչ⺮ǧ׳Ǯ£ֱϴ御һС
Σ˫ʡ˼պãЋ顣ȼϬգδ؁ǿ䣬ϿȡﾨͣιĹɽ
ʱƻƺ֮ϣһƬɿ֮ϣһ¥ľ˴һڳ
Ǵ󲿷ǿ⸮ӣһǴӸظһεĴǾˡ
㶼Ӣ˲
ôľ˾ۼһԻʱ֮ģ֪һλ˿ʼʫһλһλľ˸չ
ڻԷĽҲǽһַʽ
Ϊɿڶ¥ƹ񣬶ԴȻǽٳɡ
ÿһֺʫ˼£װڶɿڶ¥ԣҲһơ
ʱˮͷĳ֣¥˾ʧ
ʫ⣬ôʶɱˣбֳĺ׳־ڶĿڡ
һʫԿƪƣ
ʫһҶˡֻʣ֣
ֵ֮ף
ţӧҵķڷ
ƪƪ

¥¥УһȺʿǰһλͬ۵ʿӣĽ֮⡣
һƪƪһλʿ֣֮˼ʡ
ԨɫƲһˣЩھ帳һȻЩ裬貢ߡ
ʫʲī壬Ҫһ

һƱյ֮ԨӦһЩƵľˣڸо徻һЩʱⶦ¥֮ϣԱ߻ǵĻƺӡ
ֻɿϢһڴϢȻ絽Ϣ
һӡ
Ϊʦıؾɿڣʮ֡
ʵھʱԨҲǹֱ뾩ʦʱʮַæ
ԨһЩ·ֻ̣Ҫ鷳һЩ
ԱߣԱһԣԱߴ
֣һ·ɽ޵úÿ࣬ڴһ赱ҵĪ֮ڸʫһϣֻ
Ӱڶ뿪֮󣬲ŴԱ߹
һλΧ޵Ŀˣϻɫĺ멣Ϊ
ҲһλϿľˣԳ͢
Զһλݰ׵ͯʱһ˫۾ޱȵĶƺŵ⡣
ԨƲһλӣλΪ죬ӿȺ˽ۣ˵λж֮񱡣
ֻԨ⣬һ·֮ϣڽ֮ǰʶλ͢ӡ
͢ʵϣʫһ
ֻΪ˵͵չʾˡ
⻹Щԡ
ԡǣλ͢ӸǸޱȵŮ
һŮȻ޷Щ˳û̻أ
ȻǱӣ
ԣԨµ͵ĪҪڿ֣ʡ˲żüãһ֮б͵ܺͲ֣ıѧ֮ʿ
ҴǿԿòǸʫī壬
ԨĿƲپˣЩ˰ԵͷеϨʱ̾һ
͢ǸˣⲢǽ˻ᣬЩ˵ĵ⡣
Уȫǫ顣
͢ҲͰˣѧ̹
ǲҲ룬˼ݽˮˣī壬ʫһһԨĿ⣬Ҳо̾
Щôɫ
ܸҲǱʿӣоˣ
Ȼ͢ôɫǰλϲӣǡô
Ԩ͢Щ̺죬΢΢һЦƺʶԼٶЩ̫͢ɿһιȥ
г
֣޵ܻҪ㣬ʫȻ룬߿¸࣬ÿеǿȡʿֻô࣬ʵٶһλĴӲ뾺ֵСΪϣ
ִϳ֮ԣимȽӦҵԵӭѶϣ
˵ӭѶϵʱԨʶһ͢۵һ˿Źޱȵɫת˲ԨԼ̫ˣæסͷ
͢ͷͬʱޱȵԨһλһƺЩ
ǲ̫ˣ
ת˲͢㱻¥ǰһλ˵
˵´ƣ־ñغϣϾñط֡ĩ߹ء֮󣬳ֲںԸն߶壬һͳ£ˣ׵ۣΪ
˵˽塣
ʱ³һС˵һҹ֮䣬ȴǷұЩϿľˣҲжš
ֻ͢أ̲סС
͢ԱʮλҲЩʼҲ£ǽĺĩ֮С
ԨԱߣĿڶ˵ĶܹЩ˵ģԿ϶塷Ѿɹˡ
ֻȻƶݵУܹܾһ˳֮Ϊƪ鼮
ǹضүڸоΣ
˶ɹ


95 
ɿΪϢһҹԨ͢㼯ϵѧӣǰǰС
֮ϣʱΪ֣֮£һһҵĴľں֮߮Ϣﲻ
󲿷ʦصĻ
ЩѾԿһʦķ١
ԨΪֹųƴ˿ΪܵĳҲż˵
֮ȴҴұ˱ߣ뿪ų½Ϊæĵط
˻֮⣬вٹٴ񴬣ȻٲֵĻ
ԶԶģϴ֮ʿ봬ŮӸ̸Ц
Ҵľе;Ԩڴ˴ռװͻȻ
ôͻȻͣ
Աߵķ͢Ҳһͯ˳ÿ¹ڣӷͬ̽Ԩ
͢ɫЩĲ԰ףӦδˡ
Ԩ˱е͵ܣҪҪæ
ֵ̧͢ͷδܰʲôæ

Ԩ˶ʱ֪λ͵ˣЦŵҪҪԿҩ裬оʦõδҩ衭
ãǾʦһҩãɫҩ뱸
ʵϣҲǺ֯һҩá
ԣ͢΢΢һůֻǻܵ
֣ûйϵС䣬ЩδܹܿӦ
ţǺðɣ
Ԩ֮ͯǰס͢ԨĿΪ¶һ˿ǡġȻΡ
͢ҲͯСȻԼѾǰռıˡ
ֻ͢ͷǸ⣬öԲλѡ
߰ɣҲȥ
͢ĻǸ⣬ڡ
Ԩֻܵͷ͢˼Ԩ΢΢һ䣬ʱŪһλ͵ܣͦ˼
ߵװϣڴľΧ֪ʱͣһҾ޴Ļ
֮˿֮ڶ
ľϣپͨҵİ֮
Ȼܹǻ˳糵ҪȿСҪǿĶࡣ
͢ǰѯʣܿԨϣЦ
ǾʦĻոմأھʦС˫޹ھʦ
͢չЦ
ֿϴλ޹ھʦˣ
ԨԣֶԴɽɫЦ
Ҷԣ⽭ߵľ󣬸ʤ뻭ɫ
Ȼģ壬͢Եͷת˲ȴԨ
͵ܣȥҲ޷⽭ߵľۿҲˣҪһЩʵľɫ
˵Ԩ͢ɫУֱ̤ӣ˻
С㣬ĸǺɫ֮ͽôαѻһڣ
ԱߵͯԨ飬һġ
С㣬ҪҪȥǰοյľ޴ͯҲЩɫĿ档
ͬ͢ĵЩʧ䣬λжҲ˺ɫⲻ͢ĵЩʧ䣬ɫҲͷ
Ҳȥɣ
͢ͷ
УԶԶĿ͢˹Ԩɫ΢΢һĿ޴УʱаĿΪһһš
֮һǸߣ
ͻȻĿڵĸԵɡ
Щ࣬ԨĿⶴķĿУһǲ˿Ѫɷй£
ڣ
ԨʵЩ棡
Ԩһɾ˽뻭֮󣬱˻޴Ļ¥УѾвٸ˸һλλĸ輧趯£֣Ƣ
˿֮ȴա
һɾ˵˽֮󣬺ܿɫɴŮ˹δ
˲ģֽ
ӣūн죬Ҫūһ𣿡ʱԨǰҲһλɴŮĿˮ
ҲãҼ͵ܺһҼ͵ܽ컹ǵһϻȻƣҪź򣡡
ԨΪһЦ־ͽǰͯӼĺŮƸԱߵ͢
˵ԨҲܾ͢еľƱȻϯ
ǻ輧͢ǵһϻȻƣҲ£Ŀ͢͢ǿޱȵ˫ȼнҲ˲Ԩֱ͢ǰ

ԨǷ˾Ʊ˻֮⣬ĿԶ
ѵ磬ʱɫ£½ԣƺһɫӣʤգ
⻭ľȻҪĶࡣ
֮ϣѾӽĿٵ
һɷæľڼװϲپǰ
ǰϾɽڡ
ϾɽԨ֮Խŵĵط
ˮļɽͦԶԶȥͬװɽ͸ʣ̻
ư硣
ԨϾɽĴڣֻǴʱѾžգʵڡʯϼأϾɽк֮ǰѾʧˡ
㻯Ҳ˾죬ֻԽš
ֻǲŹϾɽԨʱɫһĿˮ֮ϣֻԶͬһҾ޴Ļˮ֮ϻʻ

Ԩͬݳޣľ޴
΢ӡڲԴ΢ӡ֮ĸ֪ø
ȷǻ֮ϣȻһ̺ı
ֱԨȻ⶯ģ

ʱڶ滭֮ڣһݳ޵ķһλװŮӴһöУ֮һö⡣
Ŀ⾲ö飬ü̾Ϣ
ӯС׶ҹ⣬ϸȥƺﻹһССİתҫİͬ磡
鰡ⶫ֣
˵ľһγ;пһ˵Ĵ·ʹ֣˸߷ҩŹݴԡȬһҹס˵֮ӣо֮¡Ǳ֮顱飡
ǿԺͺ赲еĴ
΢̺һ΢
ΪӶѰ
öҵѣǴȥȴѣ
װŮѾܹоΧͬ޵һĺ⣡
Ϲ⣬ǸۣΣҲһҪö飡


96 
Ϲˮɵ˵ӡ
ˮϷɽУżʥأ
Ϲˮɵͽ
һͨˮɵġٵġѾ¯ࡣ
Ϊ⡶ٵġеϹܹƺܱͬһɱ
Уʮλˮɵĵڲá
Ϲ֪ǣסЩ֮ˡ
룬Ϲȡ顣
һ򿪴ռװ壬²ȥ
ˮףһͷͷĿ񣬿ϹʱͷƵ˵
ôϹǵΣ
ǻƺˮĹةࡣ
鲻죬ҪǹةҲףϣѪ
ة࣬ҲܴӦ㣬öҪıʧˮɳﲻ𣡡
ˮڻʺʥء
ʺϢϢء
ϹĿͷɣȻֱӾܾͷǧϹ꣬Ϲ񲢲߳ŭᡣ
ة౳ǻƺˮ
ƺӺӲ뷴Ȼ͢޷ֱӰλԳ͢ʱԻʺ󣬻ƺӺӲҲҪ˼С
ةһ˫̶һ۾Ϲ
С޶Ϲͻѡ֣ãֵɽĪ˵㣬ǹةǧУҲһסⱦ
ϹҲǰҪģֻҪ꣬ͻỹǡ
ɱ֮ıȡפյıžҲǣˮɵӵҲ
פյ񵤣ϹԸоڣһ
פյҲͰˣֻܹפ
񵤶ڼλˮɵĳ϶дá
񵤣ȹԪʮֱ
ϹƲһΧǰö˵ƽ̵Υ棡
ةȻһЦϵżֽ
ðɣִˣϹסǣϹĳŵȻЧ
ة΢΢һ٣ͻȻֵϹһ䣬ˮ׵ĶѾ쵽ˣ
䣬ͷɫȻȾһڲһŨڷԶӰƮ
ϹӰʱѾޱȵˮףת˲ʧ
ˣ
ϹҲͬע⵽Ǿ޴գһתˮʱʧڴ֮С

ôƺ֮УͻȻӿ˾ˣ
֮ǰһһ֮ϡ
ڶľ˺ʹԹͻȻ»ٿȻ֮䲻ƽȣʼζ
ƺˮһɾ޴İͻȻӿ޴ǰҵĴֻɰƶţǰ
ǻƺˮ
ԨаĿˮһͬԴĻƺڲݣڶബֻƺʶ滭롣
һ޴Ӱ
һСɱӰ
ԨΪһ˿ƺӺӲھϹŷ֮󣬼ֱΪƺӺӲ֮󣬻ƺˮſʼƽϢƺӺӲУڿʼԴ
ܹΪƺӺӲƺ˾ȻǵͨжѰ֮
ԨУƺӺӲʱ֣Ǳƺ֮Ͼڶബֻ

Уڶɫ󺧵Ĵӻ˳һɫ
ȥãã̲֮ϣ죬ȫ˰ٳǰۡ
ٶ̫죬ں¡죬˻ǲʱɢܣ
룬ܸŵȾŵû겻壬ӻ¥˳ʱ˴һȺͷĲӬĴҴܣмλæҵһطֹԼ˦ȥ
Ǳ͢ҲվȣײײӴܳ
ǻһͯڸ˳͢Сŵɷס
֣⵽׷ʲôˣ
͢һãֻΧŭһľˣҲȻֹסɫ𺧡
Ȼΰǰϰ֮ˣҲͬϡ
£ЩطˣˣֻǳŹȥͺˣ
ԱߵԨƽЩֻ֣λɫ۵ʿվڼװ֮ϣȻҡΣȴһݣ
ﻹһ͢ȫ޷š
λŴӺζ
֮пɾͳûˣ
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ÿھѾңԺ޹ȥкӹ
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ӱߣԨʱסһԻУһµĵ̣ľѾӽ۷塣
оʱѾ죬Ԩһֱȡǧ׻ľп̵ޱȵĳ֡
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΢ԪϣԨоһǰδеĸо
ǰľﻹһģԻСȻһֻ࣬м򵥵Ʒ彣
Ψһͬǣˡ
Ԩָоƺһ֮䣬
ⲻǴ
Ԩ֪ģЩԪǿĵˣոԪϣεǧ
϶ΣգڡʯᣬзأһЩϣ̫̰棬ħ񣬱ס
Ҫĺã仹Ǵ죡
Ҳǲһԡ
Ԩֳ嶯ö΢⣬ǬɷǬԾ
⼸Ԩ޴ڵĻ𺣺磬Ҳƺûôֲ


104 
Ͳ
ԨԲȱڳԵ
ڻǬڡ
Ǭס˴󲿷𺣡
Ǿһԣ
оһԣԨ΢Ԫ΢
΢ǹⴹ䣬γһ΢£ͷ΢ᣬͬһ΢
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ܹضķ࣬ԴװԪ񣬸ӳԪ
ƷҲԨȡУ֮䣬
֮ԨһŻͷǬѿһ˿
ɲǼ䣬һԻСⴵ˽
ȣ
һɼȵӿԨԪ¶УʱЩʡ
ֵ֣ƺϯ
ʵԨʱ֪Уʵ޴ڵ
չ⡣
ֻΪԪոճΣЩͱҪȻ
ֻԪɳЩ΢Ԫܹ׵ĵز
ͷƷʱ΢΢ҡҷ֮䡣
ҲΪһЩظо
Ԩһ߸֪һ߻Щϲ
աʯмأһˣԪϣǲֱչġ
ðճԲûнֽƷҲƿһ˿һչֱ΢Ԫ
΢ԪʱЩʹȡ
ҲֻЩʹȣ΢Ԫŵ΢쳣
Ҳ
΢£Ԩʱ׼ô
ǵЩʱ˵

֮£ԨƷһ̤ǬķΧ֮ת˲ǳʮɿ⡣
ԨĿ˼䡣
Ǵ峤լۡڣʱͼἰ֮¡
ԺӾͺùˣԾȹʱĴүǣۼҲܹᵽ꾩ȥ
ǱߣֺǺǵģмƺܿ¶ǣϴ˵ĺΡ
Ǳ߼ҲĿⷢϱôҪԾ˵۴֮
żӣϱĿⷢ飬ٺЦ
ˣѵǵԺٱǼˣ
˵Ŀ⻹ƲһľګĴӣЩʧĴϱ
ǰ˺ã
Ӷϱȴͬ׷׽кá
ûзִࡣ
Ч
ԨƷ¶һ˿ЦݣԪȷǿҲЩɻ䡣
ԨʱĿҴõ룬﹩һ裬ϢŨһϢƺɫǹһ壬ǲʧ
˷
ԨջֻԪелΪһɫ׭ɲûУֻһò飬˲ʵԨмһ֣ת˲Ŷ˷ֻء
ɹˣ
ԨɫһĻֻһԣȻɹ˷
Ԫ񣬵ȷȽǿ
ǿԪԨֻڡͨԡһЩп
Ʃ
δ֮ǰ֣ԪҹΣٻꡣ
Ԩתȥٶȼ졣
ٴγֵʱȴǵһ񷿵֮
ԪǽǼӣͨһСԺӣԨΪϤСһԱˣ
ǴԺϱ
үԱ޲ЬԱүֵܵӡ
ǽмӰڽ͸ǽԺ
Ԩһ۾Ϳ˼Ӱ
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ΪʲôȻүľԾ
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ԨԪüͷ
Ǻõģе̵İԾҴڶһ컯
컯ˣ˵þͻԩ
ǰԾʲôа
Ϊүˡ
бҪջأ
Ԩ֮ǰ뷨̫⣬ʧ˿Ԫλһ磬үС
ܿһľ￴ľԾֽջء
ͬʱѭһľԾ΢ӦԨһҼţջЩľԾ
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ԺӣҴ岢ֻ࣬д峤Ժܹ⡣
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żҡ
ԨǽǿһĻԨЩҡͷ
ϻЩסľߣľ˰ӣΪʮа˾ŻľԾ
һԼĶӣ׼˸
һĻԨٽ룬ľԾǸľĻرˣҲҲջء
ֻǿá
ԨĿѾڵΡ
ýܹڵڰľ
ʹӦŮɣ׮ĿŮܿ࣡
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ľȴǸѵã
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ûһ㣬ɾĲɺãҲھʦģλӼү˵ɾһкܴϣнʿģ
һнʿǽʿүĹټҷˣʲôã
ľɫ죬Ǽͬ˻顣
ľĵҲԼ뷨
Ȼʮ񽳣ǳߣãۡ
иʿŮͲһˡ
ҲΪˮǴߣ
ԣҶൡ֮ľҲԸ׮¡
㣬һҲһֲ֮Ů֮
ľ˳㽫ƢԱߵϡ
ϱǸųģҲֻվڱΨΨŵŵ
ԨԪվڱϣۿһĻһһ˼Ϊáרҳʱȷ޿κΡ
ֻľѵϣǰĿ⣬Ӳĳĸ֮ý֮ԣңѾƸ飬ǲܷڣҲû˵ķݣԺٳȥ߶ֻȴ֮׼ޣ
һҡ
УöľԾ͸ӡ
ʣµĻѾûֻǻججȡľԾվſȥ
ľõ̬죬ȻҲ̣ܲԼûд

ԻС
ԨǵУһϹ΢΢𵴣ԨʱоһɺԪԻСϿճΣԨɢ
ǽͨѰ˻ᣬ´ȫҲʥһλ
Ԩڴʱ¶ݣҪΧʿʲôǿӰ룬ʮ
ʱ΢Ǵ΢ǹ⣬С
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Ԫ
ֹ
ԪתͨתٶȺͷ֮ӣȡ
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ҪĵȻԪ
ԨĿдһ˿εЦݡ
ϣѾһЩԪ
ǿԪڹؼʱ̣ڶܹӳѰá
ƩһЩⷨţⷨſģʿɱΣһѹʿ
սУͻȻʧȥãܴǻᷢʲô
ûǲͳ˰ӣ
Ԩֱ仯ʮһֱϤ֮ı仯
ڼ䣬Ԩ˼ˡ
ի֮Ԩ˳իһˣ׼һǸիŸϵ
һ׷٣һ·׷ٵʦ⣬ԨǷϵ
һʱ䵹ǳδɡ
Ԩź
֮⣬ΪľԾͻȻʧ飡
ʱ䣬ȴǳ졣
ҴʮľԾʧ٣ҴĴŭš
úõķˮͻȻʧ٣ܲ
ѾľԾΪҡǮڴ۶
ȻҲûдԨģԨΪ֮ˣҲûĶľԾδлȫԵѽ
һֱͣ˿⸮İӣд񱨰ǰ
⸮֮Ҳδҵʲôõ
Ҵڶ񲢲ݣիӲ֮
ľԾܹիӹŹӳ˵ı
ľԾʧˣʣµһľԾȻҴĿꡣ
Ҵ˿ʣµľԾӦǴ˵ġ
ľϵԸڶҴ񲢲
ľԾҴĳӦҴĶ
ҲϷ֣ΪǣʥĴЩ֡

ĴľԾݵʱ
ԨҲʰң׼뿪סµҴ塣
ԵʱҲ쵽ˣҴչ£ɹһڣ
ѾĹˡ


105 Ժ
ʥ
Ԩʰð뿪֮ǰȻû⴦ʥ֮ء
·ʥԨȻҪȥһλʥ͡
ǰʥȲԨɽι۹İɲȲһƳʵ
ʮ磬СʥֻǼΪƾɵ
һףС
Ԩ߽ʥ
ףæǰкҵϼ֧𣬲ͼ˵ϼ䣬ʥڿƾ֮·ĻԨֹˡ
Ƶۣ׵ۣ򡶼ǻƶͣԨΪƾ٣ǰݷ
Ȼ⼸λԸæǿ϶Ǽõġ
֮ԨͳһӸף
úôС
лɾ
ףɫΪϲʥȻһֱе𣬵ǰλСɾµĲࡣ
ֻȼף֪ǲǴоϣ͸¶ƹ⡣
ԨͬҲƹ⡣
oǾʥʥܹԨ⡣
ԯƵۣԨλԳƷԯƵ֮ʹ񽫡
Ԩתȥڹٵ֮ϵ·ϣԨڶҴĴ
үһҴ
Щ㶼Ц⣬лŲٶ
Ԩæǰ
֪ԨҪ̤ϾʦǰȥЩԷǰС
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ԨȻҲЩ̾
ЩȻʱƽϣǱԼơ
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ʱԨע⵽˳ȺУСӣʱڶ֡
磬
ԨĿ˳ߵһԵһ£֡
ȻҲд񿴵˶˳ɣһЦ
Ҵ壬λɾȷܻӭЩСӡ
˵λɾľѧľա
˳ɣ˵ʲô
ԨŲ߹ȥ˳ɺлҪ˵
Ԩ˳ԨСֽĽһƷԨһ˫ԨС
磬Ұ㣬ǽõһ˵ԸУ
Ųް㷨ķԨЦ΢΢һ
öһ⣬ôܹס
أκθо
ԨҲ׽һȫްŮ֮䰮Ůӣĸ鲢καҪ
ֱؾ»õ·
Ԩ˱ֱ˺һδŮ
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õԵԨġ
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ǱڶҴĴԨԹٵֱžʦ

ҴڲԶԶԨԶУɫΪꡣ
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ò԰֮ΪЩ죬Щοֻ۵Ů֮ʱĻƺγ˺ܶࡣ
ԨԶȥӰ϶һţ

Ԩ·ٶȲΪʮԿʼֻ첻ʱˡ
ʱ䵱࿼ľĿٿѾ˹Ժ
ΪԾй⣬ټÿʱ򶼻ָһԱ빱ԺУԪѮʼһֱڹԺ£ֱԿʼ
Ϊ˷ֹ״ȽӴļ࿼ԱҪ¡

ʦԶԶԹٵԱߣһСϪСϪ߶ʯѻˮԶԶֻٵ֮ϣһӳնӣźصĻž֮Ľж
ԶԶȥƥë¿ѾأԹļʻЩ죬ǿҪͨ䴦ϣͨĽУֱ뾩ʦ
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ԨͬǣһƥڶĿ߳Χˣͨóũҵϵ
Զǽͷ
ﴬԱ߻ⲻҵСԺӣɿݵϹͺͺģżԿȸѡ
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Ԩ֪Ůף㡣
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ӭȢŵҲû뵽칫ȻʱȻʱΪǱ̧ĽŷҲæҡ
УԨﻨŵƮӱŷȣг
ǰ޽ͷͷвٻջԼ޴ͣĵطԶꡣ
ԨЦĿһĻڳſһɡȻŵĵط߹
һ֮ǰʿųţһԨߵ·Լ֤ûΪԨԨ˳ľ޳ǡ
ԨһۼʿĿⰵҡҡͷ
ЩſеʿϣԨһ㾯ڽʿ
ǷɢǽҲûϷ¶ࡣ
ڸ࣡
ⲢԨҪģڷʢУڷ
ſ꣡
ԨɫЩ
δҪԵĻҪء

Ԩ̤ǹС
ʱʦССĿջǴڱ״̬ʢǰ
ȻԨҪԼѰҿջ絽һµϲѾؽΪҵһűԺ
ͬʱ̽һУԣҪãҪЩʲôѾ׼

Ԩ̤㾩ʦʱ򣬹ԺڵһȺֹԱҲ˿ⶨ
ⶨ֮󣬽ǿԺýƵľ볡
˵ʵһУڼªĹԺڣЩԱԣҲǲɡ
ĹԺȵϼĽ屻檣
˵ԺҪ©ĵط

Ӽ࣬ƵĿڹӼС
Ȼӣһ㣬ǴӼ
ҪȻǽҪȻǽӼõ̡
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ԨȻǴűۣȴһ멣ΪůͣǱ׼ĸӸװ硣
µȺһȥźú멵˲٣һλλСææȥ
ЩȻǸ
һֺžˣȴںжɪɪ
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ͨһ֮ڽƺҪż죬˶ᱻȳˡ
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ϲԱ꺮ůн֮£ȫ֪һ仰顣
ԨЩȻĿͯҪƾٵ˻Ҫš
ʱԨǰһĿ⿴˲ԶһϤӰʱкһ
֣
ӰкһһС
Ǹɫǣ
еͲŵĻԨüͷȴһЦЦ˵Ļ
Ӱ͢͡
ͬŷ٣͢´Ų߽
һŲǻͣ͢òĲ룬ܸҲУʮλͬ緢ˡ
ʱӼһԵĸ¥ϣвӰںҹУҲ˷쳣Žɽ˺ĵط
ܹĿ֮ľˣ˷ɣԣҲǲɶõĻᣬٲҪȥһܡ
ÿһЩܻӴīϲڽ빱Ժ֮ǰָĲͷ
ǻᣡ
Ůǵֵģ
֮У˭ϣнʿ˭ϣ״ԪۿŮĿ¶ﲨڶȺѲ
񣡡
һ¥֮ϣⰲһλӺݻӰ˳һλָԨһСϡ
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ӺݻӰĿϸƬ̣ףλȻȥ
λߺԨһǸ¥֮ϣֻĿδκӰ
𣿡


106 
Ԩ¥֮ϡ
Ԩ֪ʱʺӦһֱܶʺΪһλĸףһһλĸףʺһһ
ϡ
ڿʺӻ̡
Ǹˣ
ԨҲоЩӣʺԸһ
ʵʺѾ͵յȨˡ
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ͥԨ
˳ԨĿ⣬¶̨֮ϲδʲôӰֻǶ¥ϼλӰ¥²鿴
͢¶ȻɫЦŮӺϣ۹ȷةҵŮ˹ɫةŮĽڶ࣬ةཿȴҪһ׷󣬿ѶȲС
ةҵС㣿
ة࣬ǵة䣬û࣬ʵͬƽ£ͬƽ£
Ԩɫһһ˫ƳС¥֮ϣС¥֮һȣӰƺͬĿǴޱȵΪһ˿֮ɫѯԱߵʹŮԨѯ
ǸȤĹ
ԨȴɫЦ£ֻˣ
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£ޣֹţͬھѫ壬һζԿƾŲСİա
ԹƧԸ˽ֻԨ̲סͷһʺƽֱϸϸƷ̺Ũޱȵ
͢룬ܸţԼԱߵĲپҲĿ
֣Կг̲͢סʵ
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⻰ȴڶĥôҲ벻ı仰
֮ΣԷֳԺδ
ԨһȺһͷˮʱ۽һЦݹȥЩû˵⻰ںС
˸Ī˿ӣǸУ
ڻмλҪɰʵ׵ʱͭڹӼſ𣬹ӼرѾõĴ򿪡
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λļŹٻ˳󻹴һӶӱ
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ǧλˣʼŶӣųɳһ㣬ſǰƶ
Ԩӡĳ֪񡱵ĵӾ
Ԩڳ֮ǰ̤뿼֮С
治ף
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ЩùĿʼһʱȥѰҳĵطϴ·̫٣վһ϶ܺ
ֻôṧͰΪ˹ͰŶҲ׳ۣ
Ԩ͢룬ܸԼһ־УҲУһʱ䱼Ͱ
Ž˸λá
оܸţλԨǵһ֣һǰ
ԨǺ͢һӼΧǽϿ񵥣һĸطԣڹӼһƫĸλһĿȻ
ȻпԵ̡
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Ψһǣڴ֮ǰҪλ٣ǰӼ֮ǰʥʦ
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ʱ֮ǰԨȴЩоżʥʦ֮󣬹Ӽڱǳһ֮ǰûеĺȻ
ŨӼ൱С
ʮԣͬһӼࡣ
Ӽһ־ͻȻȫ鴤ǸɴֱѪת˲ΧغĽߣ
Ե飬Ǹֳ
Եߣص
Ԩͬо΢Ԫһҡҷ΢ǹ⻤ֻ֣Ѿ¶ڣһ¶ͺܿǼһѺӼࡣ
ˣڹ͢ûбԡ
׻ǲϸģ
Ԩ۵Щҡ
һɸѡ֮󣬾ۼڹӼ㳡ڶ˶ʱɢ׷ѰԼԵصڡ
һƫԨҵԼһŰԨ˳£Ԩһ⣬һѰٶȣһԾԱ֮߰ϡ
Ǹѧ൱һӣת˲λ֮ϡ
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֮󣬻ĳԱʮλ˹ʮԵá
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Ԩҡҡͷȫ֪䣬չʾգⲻ鷳
Ѿãʷԭ临ӣϸҪ˵һʱ˵
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ǿ⸨֮ͥһޱȵ⡣
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Ԩһ۷ַеī壬ֻһۣȻ
īȻѣȴѲסĲǿǡ
ΨһеѶȵľǸʫ
ⶫҪɨһԾԨʫҲرѣȽ˵ǣԺм׺ʫõϡ
Ԩеˡ
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һ׶׺ףȻǲһģ

ʱУܺ⣬϶Ҳĺ硣
Եһ죬ܺģΪڹһ٣ܵ


107 
ڣܺһֱдʡ
վſڣһϮʢװüͷְܺݡ
ܺ⵱ԼҲûôϡ
үɣǸгϢģҹһǶϣʿڣ
ǰǰȥܺ⡣
ȻϣܺⲢԸټĺǳ
˼ң֪ʲôܿʲôǶ
ֻڱӣϣܹƽ巿鹣
ܺż㣬ͭС£
ܺܵ巿û䡣
ǿƣδһϡ
巿ϣ룬Ԩֵϡ
벻ТΪɮ
ͨиָֻλˡ
ܺĺǳ⣬ϺĲûȥ
ȷиܺ⡣
뱻йߣҲĵ׵˰̡
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Ȼ˵ԨǶҲȷǰο֮
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ЩԱҲԸ֮
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ڶҲΧǿɲô类߸˴ҹ㣡
һԾ͵Ա߲ݵȴ
С棬˳֡
һȺ֮ǰЩ飬ܹھҵɾͣСܹߵĸԶ
ԨҲûһʱ䣬ʲôҲʲôϲ徲֮෴Ƚϲ֡
˰ΣԨ˲ſܸɫҰ׵ĴӹӼſ߳
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109 ϲ
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βֵһǧСˣ

ԨȾһ죬̤֮ʱ
ڳǹڵľ
իеһԱĸΪ˴οƾҲɻ뵽Ȼ
իܴ֮£ֻǰ
ָ˼Ǯ֮իһ̳ӣҡҡλε뿪ĿĵСߣʯ·ܣ֪һСУ˲ٲк
ֻЩкת˲¶֮ɫֻ뿪ֻޱȵĺӰիǰիʵ˫Ŀֻһź£òޱȵŮӳЦ
ɣЩȥˣǺ㡭
˵Ůǰ˵ĻֻӴڶкֻǿһһӰ˲佫իס


111 Խ
ǰҲ㡭
իУ۾ת˲ʧԭء
һĻǿ·ð


֮ǰټѾ˽ټĹʰ˳
ԲͬԣҪôҪôڹӼࡣ
ǲضĹɹټָɣʰһ乬
ټҲӣʵϲǵģÿԹټҶɴǰֵԣԼֵղš
ÿȡʿΪҪһ

Ԩ͢һѾҴ֮ͥȺŻƳϣʱһλλŽָųų
һɾ˵ʿȻ磬Ҳ
Ҳһġ
ò׹ԣȴڵ֮䣬Ǿᣡ
ԨɫƽԿ͢ԱɫЩ졣
һһϲһǳһо塣
͵ܣôˣ
Ԩ̲סЦѯʡ
ûʲô
͢ɫӦֻת˲ʵ㲻𣿡
ҲðҲգҵȾɣѾȻʧˣҲź
Ԩھ鼦
ⲻǳˣڲˣ
͢üͷ΢΢˼ҪֲƷ
ΪãЩҲʧ٣
˵Ҳǣ
͢жʱ࣬ϻָݡ
ָĵǺܿ죬ҲǸ֮ѹָ۾֮£
ԨĿЩ̾
ǱҲˣλ¾һϮͷľȻһʮƽģ˵ǹϵ
󻹸ʮλˣ̸֮䣬żЦ
Щ˶Ϊţ
ŹŴ򿪣мλԱԱ߳һٶʮλ˳ųȥ
ǼλԱʷ̨ļʷôкһ
һɾڽ빬֮͢ǰͱ̵أͬè·ЩʷһϸƷʧñӣҪ䡣
Ǿ̫ԩˣ
һо΢ĽŲУж
Ϊֺ꣬һȥǸսɲãľĵϢ
˲಻٣ٶʮϡ
оɡ
ƣѾڷһľӣľ϶ӦŸλ˺ͼᣬ֤д
ԨİǰеһţԱ߾͢ޣԶв롣
ǰʮĴڵһС
һܹʮλá
ٶʮˣöʮš
ǰһɫӦǹټŵĵط
ﻹһִޱȵȷֲڴ֧񷶥ǽɫߣʼϾԣ
빬͢УԨо΢ǴΧŨޱȵڿգֻҪ΢ƺܹ
Ԩ֪Ǵ
ӵȨûôȡ
ˣ
ڴʱԨΡХ֮΢΢𶯣Ԩһɨھ˾㶼Σȫκ
Ԩɫ䣬££΢΢𶯣ѹס΢ǹ⡣
ͬƿХ
һĽŲһޱȵӰλƤɢŨӰԶ
ټҵˣ
Ԩʱ̧ͷһλټңʧǣһʷ֣ᱻȣòʧ
ٵɤӷʩԹټдߵݡ
֮
ﾲĵģһоȻûо˴˽֮²ð
ԨķԱߵ޻ˣǰ͢ǺҺ
֪ǽŻŵģ
һλλ̵£һڶ˵İ֮ϡ
ԨѾ⣡
°ʫ⣡
Ԩһۣʱüͷһʫ
ԨоһͷѾѾʣЩʫһ費
ҲǴӴ֮ѧһҲӳٻһԺжһЩʸʱҲ˰ա
Ԩĵ׻Щ²ۣʵٹһʱ䣬ƾٸĸ֮Ը
Ǹʱʫȡ֮ǲۡ
۳˿ʶʣǴĦʥ⣬Ԩԣһ㡣
ָߴϵİʫԨҲӳ
ڽ֮ǰԨҲͽܹһֻʼϰ׵Ĺ䡣
йء
Ԩ̧ʼ顣
߾ʱнŲ
Ԩʱë΢ڵ΢ܵѹƲסð˳ʱû΢ǣйס΢ǵı仯
ǹټˡ
ټҵĿһλλɨĿⲻʱͷ
Ԩע⵽ټ·֮͢ʱԶͣƬ̣Ȼ͢£ٺӡ
ޣԨߡ
Ԩע⵽ټǰֽ֮ƳһۣĿƺ֮⣬ͬͣƬ̣Ϊͷ
Ԩ֪ŵˡ
û֮ˡ
ֻҪ˾⣬ӣ⡣
ҲǸװɣһף

ʱڳʺ֮⣬ĿŹټ·Ԩϣ۵һ˿Ĺԡ
ټȻչڵԴӲɣæ֡
ʺʱһ˫Ϸǵһеλ֮ϵꡣ
òö˵ˣʣȫھʦЩȨеĶ㹫ӡ
Ҳǳʺ
ټ߹ܵһЩӰ죬ֱָֻм֮أ
ʺϸϸꡣ
֮ǰҹ´ҴһƳֻǿһӰοȫòʺ۵Ҳӿֳһ˿
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ʺ󲻽š
ĵֶ˼ְա
λӶƷòжⳬԽʱڣȻףԺҪǸλҲ鷳
ʺλǱȻҪ´λõġ
ǲʺĵӣӺεºܣλ
Ȼ⣬ʺҲ֪̫ڣǼλɲǵ֮Ҫᴢ֮λȻҪԽһЩѡ

ԿԵʱҪԶԶԡ
ȻҲ˭
ܲùټͨﵩˡ
ԨʵдãȻȡӹ֮ʮλϽ֮󣬲Ž

ڶ˽̺֮Բ֮࣬ܳȻ󽻸ٶȡ
ȡʿһȡ
ͨһһȺͶȡ
װȣǰĵȺȡ
һָͨǰ
״Ԫۣ̽
ȡʮĽʿΪȡ
һ׽ʿȡ٣׽ʿͨ࣬෴׽ʿҪΪڶ׽ʿ顣
֮һͨͽʿڣ״ͽʿ״ͬʿ

һߣƻͨĳУһӽʱԾΪǶȡ
Ȼ󻹻ύ궨٣궨ٶճ븴ȵڣвͬʱȷһҿټġ
ʵǰĶȣܹµڵȡ
ټʱһ֣¸ıһֵڵȣǽȷ֮󣬾ǷŰ
ǸʱھǶԾʮ괰ʣһٳ֪

ϣƻͨ
֮ϣӽ֪֮Ĺټϣüģǵ֪ͣ岻ȴǰ˵ʹһΡ
ľˣټҲо˳
ĿɨԾ
ǰĺȻ͢
ȻλٶΪ͢״Ԫ֮š
ڶǲ룬֣Щӡ󣬷ӣһ£еס
λٵȷû˽
һȫİľ֣Ҳⷭһ
ľӵȷҲȵһԾ͵ڶݾĲ֮еΪһô⾳˵㣬ܵ˵ϳˣ覲褣
һ⸨ľˡ
˹ټӡǸӡ
λ赶Ūǹģǰʱ仹͹ż֮£˸С
ټҲϲ赶Ūˡ
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漴⸨еģʽϵġġĳˡһʮš
һʮžһ
ټ֮ǰҹһȡ֮ڹˡ
ѡ˸һʮţ
϶ԱԾʮ֣Щֱһ䣬ЩǴҳҪôǴȦȡ
Ƭ֮һϡ
Ŀɨҵˡ
Ԩʮ壡
Ҳһ׵ķΧ
ϵľˣҲЩӡ
⸨ĸӡӡĶࡣ
ټҺϲԨǹɳ֮е˺
ϸһʫӾ΢΢һڶһˡ
λʫľߵ⣬ܵĻϲ
ʫȻҲвĽԣûӵ
Ӷʱһʻġʮ塱Ŀǰͷϣ״Ԫ϶ǲеġ
ǽΪ״Ԫ
ⲻġ
ڵڶͷ룬漴˼ʣ

ʱУλ˲δȥȺŽ̷˲ҹ;Ʋˡ
˲ٶӶˣСڳš
ԨԱ߱ĿϢ˴Լһʱ֮󣬳ٴδٻλ˽ԽѾˣ


112 Ļ
䣡
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Թ໻൱Ƶ
䣬ʵΪѰ
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λة໹ǿ⸮֪ӵĶʦ
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֮ǰⶨѾģǰжλģ
Ҳʲô¡
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๫ʲô⣿
ټҿ䣬ʱĿ̽Ѱ
£⣡
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ȹټһҪƣԲʲô£ҲͶһ²һ¡
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ȷҲӮ˷ĻرټһֱǶʺ쳣
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ʺӻ֣ȴߵĳʹ䣬˳һӸλةࡣ
ܵ
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Դһ˿̾³
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͢Ȼϲͷӿֳһ޿ɶƵĵǡ
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ԨվԭأΪЩ⣬۵׸ȴǺ֮ɫ
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Ԩ֪λŮ״Ԫ֮ǷҲܵ
ܿ͢췴Ӧǰ룬ߵл
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Ԩ񣡡
Ԩɫ𶯣ǱյΪˣ
ԨͬȻЩ⣬ԨһףЩա
֪ټҳʫһССĳԡ
ڿȷá
Ԩۣ̽ɺһ׽ʿࡣ
Щˡ
ͨһЩʷϼأҲֻǼ״Ԫۣ̽ɣڵ֮ĽʿǾû֪ˡ
Ԩл֮
˳ӵ
̽ɵλãܹһ׽ʿ֮УҲǴлϲ
λµʿ¹ڣæǰߵл
ة൱һ·
ĲܱС
ԭλеڶޣһŵ˵ʮλǿǿһ֮С
һ֮ة൱ס˿ڣԱߵһλԱ
Ҳһ׽ʿܹܵةԳҫ
ʿԼͰɣ
УŶһλղŵĵ֣ʱλеĵȣλеһʮǽҡ
⳪һ·쳫ĸ졣
Ѿǽ𼦱
λʿеĻϲȴβס
ʣ»ʮһʿµˣȴɫҰס
ò׹ԣȴڵ֮ϱˣĴĪڴˡ
Ѿϣȴڴ֮ǰϣ
о˵˺ޡ
Ҳ˹ڳǰధ
ǻϣԲлḴԣ
ˢ̫ˣͨټҰᣬȻˡ
ʮλʮΣȻ޳

ŵϵĳ𣬵ղŴѾĻ
ʰδҪȵ֮еһ𹫲
ЩϢͨĹ帮ۡǵõ˽ȡʿϢһʱʦԼΧݶ

ڳʺһֱûȥֱڶʿ߳ź͹ټһص
ټҴʱɵղŴ䣬ǰȥϢˣڽĸǽ˺ѧʿԺ
ϲϲ̽ϲɺأ
ټ뿪֮һֱźԱߵʱء
ʲôʺɫЦ˵ֵصӦϣٳһλ׼ڽʿӧ֮ңȷ鴫
Ȼô˵ȴóʺǼΪ˵ģ


113 ڹ

֮أŶԹŷ
ǽе塣
ǰЩļǻӱ
ӱ֮ϵӰû˶ήȻλʿڳУڸλϣȻӸλǱС
䳤Ԥڻ֪ݣƷѾתò˾ܹؾʦһ
ʱ︮һƬԵУӱһֱ޼֦
ӱ֮󣬺ϲֻݣ޴ԺӴǴӸعĻݡ
ʱĩ˵ϢýϸۡС
ӱ޼һģ꺣Ĵʱͺпޣ̺죬֬㡣
ܼǰرȴӱɫΪ졣
ʮ̽ɣϷЩ
ֹЩ̽ɣҲǹټʥ£ȡʿ˲ű
ԶԶһ
һ˿βס˷ܡ
ԶһӰ̤磬̬ϻһֹסЦ⡣
û뵽һи
Զֻһųʿϵɫ˿翡š
үү
ӱܹһ
ٳһףͲүүǰˣ˵ʵڵģոȥˣ
ӱüͷһܡ
λʿ֮һҲһߣΪ˺вŻֶԲһӱʮַġ
Ͼġ
ΨһĵĽϢ̫أӱһֱĻᱻá
ʿ壡
ӱΨԼòĽӰ;
ոգյ˽ţһЦеš
̫ү̧ͷлݽܼңֽеļŽӹ
ܿһĻĵװΪһ̾
Ȼ̫үͷΪصĻλ㡣
ϣ̫үһֱΪٴ˵Ǹӣһܸһ¥
ϵ£ҲǴݣ볬Խ֪ԶûǸһĽᲢۡ
ܹһصѰŮӣһ·Ǻ³Ǳ塷Ĺضүһն
Ⱥڸۡнһ˵ոķ󴴰̶ӣշɽȺ֣ܽϣܹԼѡԼĻÿһ׮κһλѰŮôĲ˼顣
ĳ̶ֳȣϵȨ̫үȡ
峤ԤҲҪϵġ
ܿȴ
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ˣ浴ϻۡ
֮ŮȴЩƷǡǡ෴ȻҲǵŮ̫үǲ⣡λŮ̫үï}ˣʲôô

ʿڣһӵ롣
Ԩ˴νãԼһ־ϵˣҲǴܣΪ˶Ҳ˶˼٣ͬϦһ㡣
ܹٳڽʿ϶ԣҲǸĹ衣
˲űŻ

֮£շ磬֮ٴλָ֡
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ɫ޳С鱦ϡֽȵרžӪҽҩãӦоУһЩľ¥ģ⣬ˣĦ࣬Ϣ
ȻÿǰųĶ顣
ΪղţƽʿأʵΪԨλ̺֮
Ԩȴǲû̫˷ܣӽʿڵ磬ȻлϲҲסˡ
֮󣬽ڹ١
һ׽ʿͨڴӰƷةڶΪƷ£ͨݣǮʮͬѡעĻְ˾ξ
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ͬĽʿֻѡĥһʱ䣬ܽ١
ѡˣǺѡԱ
Ҳ;㣬ܹȡһѡ˵ݣʿԣҲ֮õģοڽʿѡ֮ʱ䣬ҪԶԶѰѡˡ
Ѱѡָ;ŸͻߪεĹ
Ȼйܲһڹ֮ʱ迼
ԨʱиƷɵĹְ
׼ȷ˵Ʒϡ
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ڶʿ̤;֮ǰһҲǱġ
ĺԺӺԺƶƽ𣬲ܵΡ
ֵһǣҲкԺĺԺǸ˵ĵط
ټһƱ䣬ƩʿһԶרگ
еλǺѧʿԺ

ݹְѧʿ׫УֵȵȣҲֱʷݡֱĹݡֱԺȵȹְ
ݷΪȣһѧʿ׫ֱĳĳݸУ֡
ֱʷǴƷϣҲ˵ǸƷԱ

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һֹ
ֵһǣⲢζ˽ڶݵ֪ݾƷԱݸԱƷ޹ء

˴ףԨùٽ׿ֱܻƷɡ
ڹݸְλǴӰƷة
ӰƷةҲǹٽףݸ
ҪݸеѶȣ迱ĥ
ǲǲǲп֪أҲпǵطƹ٣طйٵȵȡ

ְ飬Ԩϸĥһֹסļ
ףʿڣѾԤĵһĻۡ
ᣬʼΪ볯Դ
Ͼǻӣݽ⿪֮󣬿϶ҪŻ̫ӵλÿ񱼡
ְҲΪ˵֮ݡ

ؼĻǽԻʰŰ֮󣬽ʿΰʥʦûв´Ļʱλʥͣû׳У
ԨΪΪڴ֪ܷں
ԨӦܹġ
ӵܿȡʿܹͬӳ֡

ţ
ʱԨɫһĿõ·ŵͬһĶУԨĿⷢһϤӰ
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Ԩ׼իͷեիԨ˼
ȱˡ
һիһֻҪիӴ˴ξڽӣ
Ԩط׼Ѱ

Ǳ͢ȴǼΪѰƿУȻϲ⣬ñһֻһ֮ǻ̿֡
ΪѾ漰۾Ϊҹζ࣬͢ߵŮ죬ǻѾ֮󣬾ټ档
֮󣬵Ȼ״Ԫ·ʧ
ھһˣֻ͢뷨ӡ
ֻʱԸ־Ϊתơ
ε׾㶼ǲò֮ͱһλԱˣλԱ֮ǰǰټҴȨ֪٣ҲǽƵ١
ǽƽʿʦ
һףԹټղŴڽʿ
ǶžʦͽȹϵǣԴ󵳡
λľ٣ľǺѧʿΪ֮ܵùټأĻԹɫı¡
һϣټҶУ͢ԨƷò޲ڣλʿǱá

ֶʱ˼ܹλʿУѡһλ׮£ټҪ߿һ֡
ٲã
ȻΪ״Ԫ͢ѡ
ۡУʰң׼·֪͢ľǰݷҲǴһΪԼ͢˼ȣϣݶδ˿Ӧòܱ˿
Ů죬ȻЩġ
Ϊѧʿ͢ıҿŲǳĹϵӦʾɡ
λѧʿǰǲǻʲô


114 
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֪ãкμ̣
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ʲôޣɱȫңأȻӣ
ϲ£Ļ¡
Ȳ˵ԭǸŮǲ¶ˣ
Ĵ
һʼԼû
ֵǮ
ȷֵǮʦ̼־߼֮Ůؼҵϱ˵Ļ׹ݣ̧̧ۡ
Ȼ۸ߣ
ǶЩ־;ĽʿԣǸӡ
Ϊ֮󣬽ʿ;Ͼͽˡ
ǰΪ䣬رϸ
ϸ˵١ĶҲܿƿܵ٣
Ҳ˵ͻˣӵҲ
ζԼ˴Ӵ˺͡ŮֽԵһӣҪÿŹϥ񡭡
ԼĸĸҲҪԹ񡭡
Ϊ漰ʼ棬׮£Ѱʿǲ֪ģ
ҲͳǸɵԸȥʲôʲ
͢ӧ֮ңЩŵʱ޲һӺݺݸϰһ¡
϶ѵﲻ
͢æҡͷܾݱ΢䲻ϵ֮ң¶䣬ϴΣģֻǻһѴ
ľƲ㲻ӵ͢üͷλ״Ԫֱʶô
˹ټҽͣһӴҲ÷ܶλ񲻸á
Żһλ̽ľٲûб̫׼ȥ֮̽λ̽ĵϸ
λ̽ľЩɣλ̽ɲôñȵġ
ϳ˼ڳлаԮ
ʷ̨ӣľ̹һãǻ
ľٶλʷ̨ͷЩ

ľٲ֪һһϣʱڳñ߹ģѾһһӸ
Ӹ
Ů̵Ļرʺޱ顣
̽˭ȢΨȢ˻ʼҵĹ
ҪҪȥһˣ
ü˳ۣƲһԼλоɫ
ĿǰʼڹоֻһλۼλۼǹȻҲ˹ɫùټϲ
ʺʱȴЦˣ˼ȻϲýţǾɣ
ʺĿһ˿
ӧȻǲԼ̽ȥģ
ľٴ˾ٶԨǰӰģ
ʺɫ죡
ʱȥ֮󣬺ôôλѧʿûõġ
ԨĻµȷüޣʺЩģλ⡣
ʺͷΪλ̽ɵĸףֻʸΪԨָ¡
ĸ֮ý֮ԣ
룡
ʺҲ֪λʱѾд㡣
취Ϊǿ

Ԩ֪ԼѾˣ˹ټеļ
ԨǬԶλ֮ܿһ
ԨһۣȻ߳ãųǶ׷ٶȥ
ټľʦΪᣬоɳһڶҵһڶᣬԼ³ǳϣǱǶᡣ
ÿ跻ÿʮֹԨӡеĽֵίࡣ
ͨ˴
Ԩ׷٣һ·˳ǶĳУǾʦȺ֮أ
һΡ룬׳ۡ
Ԩ￴˹ضүĳʢ
塷ΰȷס
Ա߻һŷŷ½ģոסãǽʮ
Ҳ൱ẺҲ㡣
ŷҲ治ǳţ
ԨΪһЦǬԾϹ⻪תֵסΧһɹĸţƾǿУԨֱһ

Ͳͬǰĳŷ𵭵ģǰݼ
ԨպаԾһ˫ĿЩﵹǳһȫʧˡ
Ԩʱǰȥһλźµף˳
λǰΪ£
ԨʱһŻηıòʱһ˪ףòȻǿޱȵˣʮ㡣
ƶޣ·У۰Ρ׳пǰһ㣡
ԭˣ
ף̧ͷĿϸĿ鶯صɫǺѪͳ
ۿԨ˾һ㡣
ڽ֮ϣսȻһ
ת˲Ԩ̧ͷźףЦӯӯĵ
Увֻһĺۼ˵˵ɣֵܽö˵ʹ죿
һ䣬ףɫ䣬һʱûأҪӴܣ


115 ׼
ȥ
ԨɫЦݵ֮޷
ƫƫпжķš
ľ׮󷨣
֮ϰתһûأɲǼصľ֮۵դ
ȻŵнԨŵĲٿأѾһ
ľդأص׻ΪĺסԨĿУͬе
ǲǿǶһʹƾеħ
Ԩд˿˿İԺǵԡʹƾеħޱȣԶ
ͬħͷ
ԨһֱŲáʹƾеһħΪЩħͨ壬Ṵħͷ
룬ԨǾʱá
ʯȻϵ䣬Ҳбʵķš
ƩеĻη
ηʮָ߼еһ֣ȡׯεҮҮ
Ʃ׷
׼̣κħܵĿ̡
Ԩһץ׷С
׷ΪԶˡ
Ϊ׹⣬ռλãȣأԴУȾ⣬ҽС
˵ǲ˵
ԨᣬȾԩȫһ֮ġ
¶
һͷëꡣ
ʱܣƬڳܲסĥ֪һж˳
ڣȷһѺ꣬ǳǽĺ壬Ϊ׵Ǽλзͬһĺ
Ԩ˵֮ͷ
֮⣬ë³һܣ֪ԯĹ֮أ
ԨɫЩ⣬֮⻹һԯĹ
ʯҲмعԯĹԯĹһֱڴ˵֮У˵˲ԯƵħħ֮
ҲпǼٵģ
ԯƵۺ󹬼࣬ЩԪս֮ǰҲ˲ԯĹ󲿷ֻһЩĹĹ
ζֵһԣ
ԨĶҪ˻֮·ܹõԯУֶΡ

ںʱſڵϣߵף֮²Ѫ
ԩ٣Ҳûгɢı׼ȥֻذɣ
ԨɫĮɫ׹۳ʵʣΪһʱںƿ׻֯ҽкںʧС
Ԩû³ç̶ҪѰԯĹҲҪȵڹ٣Լ֮

һΡߴĹС
﻽֣ǳŮ֮һ
Ҳ𲻷ŮøޱȣڳٲȻһɡٴٹˣǰԸ
õмĶ֣ʱ֮Ϲͺͺģǰ꼾𽥻Щ
֮£һҶﲻŮûڣˮֵĵȪڳҲһ
ʱڵмУһұ鲼Źԣһۣ֮ϵʢƺŵҩ
޴ͭǰһţһλµŮ֮ϣǰɹתһ쳣ĵת
߲߲һͷ޴ޱȵӰ֣βֻֻ֣ʵġ
ʱſڴٵĽŲ
Ů˫Ŀй磬Ȼˡ
ʲôˣΪδҵУ
㣿
Сˣ
ʱſڣг££λոľɫŮ˽ʱϾڱʹ
ԯĹһѺɵıûвٰ;ɱСЩò׳һ
ЯΪã
ˣ
Ůɫ˲
Щͣ
ɱ
һʿףɱСˣ㣬һҪΪС˱𣡡
ǺŮɫŭ
źºŮϵգŮɫһ΢üʵ
ãС˶Щʲô
㣬㻹ЩĪ⣡
ãΪҲ֪Сʲô
͸ԯĹеĺ¹أκκ֮в徫徫УɱػΪЩɣѰ·
˶ǾȻ֣
ŮȻһаֻ֮Įһ޳ԭǲΧЩ壬Щధ󣬲Ŵһ˿Ե
ЩӺ󲿷һѪǣ
ͷںַļɻ䣬Ϊ˶ŮԸУͽ
㣬㵱飿
ºŮȴЩ̲סλԽԽ顣
ã㲻˵ˣС֮ȡ
ҲҪв֣У֮ӣ
ºŮԣзŭֻλ˽Ϊ֮Ҳˡ
·Ȼվֻ뷨޳ΪҪĻһУҵȵ뷨ʳѾλһˣ㺦ڶã̸ʲôûʴ
ҲܣΣҶҪС˱𣡡
ŮӷȻȥλһת˲뿪С
ʣλŮУŮ΢Щԥ
ãͳ֮·ȻǼ׿ѷʱϣҵδɽ٣ȴкôŶã£깦ѵͲϧ
ԣºŮĿΪԥµͷ
㣬ǾͲܶ𣿡
ŮҡҡͷаɫҲһ˿̾Ϣ
õʱ޷ֻԯĹĴˣ
㣬Ӧ°ԯĹĴڣСҲֻż֪ԯĹľڣ
ԣͺĽʱЩݣЩһ˿
ԯĹżȻײֻһ޷ƿԯĹſڵķһֱѰҰ취Ѱ
ԯĹ㱦δ֣ԯĹĴھѾ¶ˣǺá
ͺĽ㱧Թ㣡
ֻǺĽȻĻҡ
ٶǲǶǣСӦ֪أὫԯĹ¶
ƾС˵ܹסֻ֮ǰѾ¶ĸɸɾ
һ֪ԯĹĴڣ޵֮һܹף
ŮӲκνң
ֻò˶ãҾͻΪ׷Ŀ꣡
λŮɫˢıˣΪż
Ǵ㣬ҵȸǺã
ֻܱţһƿˣһ
Ů΢΢һЦ
֮ǰһֱе뷨

նɱ˺ں֮ԨǷãںṩĹ²࣬ʤޡ
ֻǻ֮ԨǽӵϢѧʿԺľǰݷá
ԨͬЩ죬ΪԵ٣ԨòԵľڣֻǵ֪ľٵ⣬Ԩʱŭ
λ治⡣
ټΨһδ޵ŮԪ
˵ۣ
Ԩ⣬ȥԨҲԸ⵱ʲ
ϴˣ֮ǰĸѾΪһ£ĸ֮ý֮ԣ񲻸Խֻܹϴ˵һ⣡
ľԣʱ˵ʲôλ̽Ȼ޴ԸǼ֣涪
Էɲܹ͢ǿƣ
ֻܱ͢ǸʶôĶ
ľ뵽ܿǡ
ľٷ˴㣬Ԩɫźõ㣬ľٲģԨ;бҪȥʷ̨Ҿȱ
λ壬ҲԸ⿴еĽʿǿ
һѼϰӣ׼ܹľٳ״⡣

֮ڹ٣ڹٲδӳٶãڶԨյϢλʿһͬ˳ڹ١
״Ԫ͢۲룬̽Ԩش˰壬ΪةͨݣģΪƹ٣ʮ˲žͷΪ֪أΪУ˾ξȵȲһ㡣
ֻת˲֮䣬͢룬ԨѾ˴ӰƷԱ
ةְ
ڲǲ
ȫһеİһ֮䣬ԽӵĳԱУ˾ξһԾΪ𲻸ߣطԱҵĳ͢ʹͨС
ͨǿֱӺ͹ټҴСģݸְܷΧС
ԨҲЩȣֱͨݵĴǰƾٴҲࡣ
ټһεǸһСĶ䣡
ȻҲпڱ
Ԩôģǰοƾ٣ټҿɶСģ󲿷״Ԫֻ˸֪صĲǲ
Ȼ֪زǲҲأء

ڶգǰʥʦӡ
ڻʳ֮ϵĲԶ
ӼಢԶԶһһټĹ㳡š
һδλʿȴة䡣
ǿ⸮֪ӡ
λʿ̤㳡֮ʱǿһӵһλĹԱԶĺȻֻƤڣü֮ӨӨ⻪˲ֱӡ
ǿ⸮֪ˣ
㳡У˵ĶΪɧλʿɫҲ㶼ǴۣͷϾ㶼Ǵͷʮϲ졣
ʱٽʿ𶯵λĹԱϲ;η֮ɫ
ǣ
ʱվڲԱߣԨɫΪ𶯣ʱĿУǰλԶĺԱϣһǾԣ
ͬһ˼ߵo
Ҳû㣡
Ԩת΢΢ԪΪ֪׸֪Э
ӵֻǸˣ
ʿ޷ɺ
ͷת˲֮䣬㳡֮һƬףڶʿ
֨ѽһŵƿڽʿʱС


116 ֩뾫Ԩ
ɵ
ɵҪء
λʿǰΡׯϣܷ̣Ǽ˫Ϸ޴Ҷڴɵ룬嫡
ƿţԨ·ϵӹ֣֮ɪ֮һɺ塣
Ǻô󣡡
ڳнʿûмص
ûһ˵Ρ룬
ӳһ޴ĺʥ
Ǻ֮رһ޴ʥʦ
顰֮ʥ֮ʦ
Ρջأׁʥʯ񣬰λ߲С
ڽʿǵһο˺ΰǺС
ԨһСֽʿע⵽˴ɵΧıڻĹ£ϸʥ˴¡
滹ͼ硶ʥͼʥʥ˱ʥȵȣ졣
Ԩо˴˵أͬӵУϴ
ʱԨɫһ䣬ֻһСƵǹȽȽ
Ǿѣ
վǰ棬Ӵʱ۷̤ʥ֮ǰʷһ䣬һɺǹԤԼһȫȻ۵ĳΪһ塣
Ԩʶֻڸ΢ʱԨΪԥȴѡסˡ
ס΢
ֻе
ʱǾҲӰѵѹһ˿һ˫Ŀɨ֮ϣλʿ
Ŀʮλʿɨһۣ˲ֺĴڡ
͢룬Ԩޣ綡ȣ⸨ȵȡ
Ҳġ
ܹнʿ仯ȻǻŽء
Ǿ͢Ԩ϶࿴˼ۡ
Ǿһ۾Ϳ͢Ů֮
Ȼϡ棬⡣
ޣ棬޵ӣ
Ԩƶ䣬ǾһҲԿ
ͬʮ־ˡ
ƺйأ
Ǿһ˫ĿԨϣΪ죬ǾǰԶףҲ⡣
ÿԣܻһЩĽʿ
ĳֻ֣Ϊ˾м䣬ΪЩʿṩһӴеĻᡣ
뿪ʼɣ
£׼ʱ
Ǿλʿݾߵͬʱʩд
ϿնʱŽأһݻߵӰλߴʱ֮ϣ붯֡
Ũ֮Ͻٶ£ƺ׻ߣȸڶ޵ޱڣΪ֮
һĻԨĿܹʦ֮ڶoҲܸ֪䱬Ļֺ⡣
Щ׳ٶͬ˹ģѼЧ
ʦ֮Уʱһ֮ڣһλɹͬӰЦ⡣

УڽʿԲֻоǴɵʥʦԼλʥͱ÷ϡ
ȫȻ֪Χ꣬ü
ӣ
ԨĿȥֻٽʿԻͷĿڡ
ֻȻԵ£ܹ㿪Ĺлȡ洫
ȻҲΪԩȾһںȻֳ
ʵѾ˵洫
ޣ
ԨĿȥ޴ʱȻһƺ֮һͷȻܳ˫ԣƺЩʲô
֣
Ǿˣдһ˿ϲɫ
ܹɣ㿪ĹһĽʿͨӵгΪļǱ
ֽʿͨΪġ
δһϣ洫ΪһҴܡ
ԨĿԿǾϵĲ֮ɫ²ܹ㻯ĹĽʿӦʮѵá󲻵İء
ʱͬһ
ת˲ȴѹ£
һû蹬ڣʱͱԨѹסԨɫ
Ԩ״ĲҲԺһЩԴʢ
΢֮һͬԱδϣԻΪǾ
ȻǳΪǾҲֻһλѰ񣬲ִܹǾ
ִǵֻǾǾҪĹУΪȺǸɷҲеڱԱ
һ죬ܹѹҲƵǾ
ȻҲûϣ
һεǾóǾλ
λǾǷ

Ĺʿ¶нλʿԵӣʱüʱͬȼŵʥа֡
͢Ҳˣͬ㻯ǡ
һͷһǳá
ͷͬչᣬչ֮ܿǷӰǷӰ˿˿һע蹬С
Ȼûֱһ㣬㿪еĹȴҲ쳣

ԨɫΪ죬һȻһţȴķ
Ƿһ֡
ľϢ
͢һλ֮ĹŮ
ԨҲû뵽͢ӵص
Ԩĵ׸ǹ۸иӣο͢һֱû
֮Ԩͷľ죬֮ĹŮǱһӵصѰ״̬ʿԿ

֮߳͢Ȼһ֮ɫ
֪Ԩڴ
ΪĻ¶ǣľټǿӭȢ
ҽѾּ빬顣
үȻڡ
ԱԨԼ³͢£ľٴ⣬϶Źλܽµ״Ԫɡ
״Ԫɱû̽Ӳ
Ǹӣڲ룬ƷòһأǡˡһӲŬĴԵ
͵ܣʲô£
㳡֮ϣ͢һֱͷԼµУԨ̧ͷ
ֻǰЦ¿˵ܹ㣬⣡
͢뿪ڣʵѾû˷ӣλӼ࣬аգ
񳿣ǰּҽ빬飬ҪСΪСȷʵ֪Ǻã
ԨѾ³һĻֻϻװޱȾȵӡ
ô͵Σ׼
ܳҲٻò͵ԺȷʵҲŬܶˣ
֣ԼŬܶ
͢һ˫ĿԹޱȵԨ˫ˮһۣԨĿһЦ
͵Ҳ⣬׮ǲӦ£ǵ˹ټң;Ӧ£͵ܿһҲã
ֹã
͢ɫѿʥּ£Ȼּһȫ޸ŵ״Ԫܾˡ
Ǿʹ·ټһ˳Ƶ飬ʱ򲻽ǻңҲ۷ҡ
꣡
ϾֻҪ跨δ͢һҡ
ֻ״Ԫڣʼδ
ǴӦ˹޹һð͢Ӧ֮£Ҳᱻ¶Ǹʱ۾ϵ
ҲҲ
ʱ˻ڶʿУԨһΧ˼ӣȻ͢˸У
͵ܣǴʱز˵ټѵǿɣ
ز
͢Ŀʱһҡҡͷֳ˷²У̫ҽԺвԻʦ֮ʿڶ࣬»Ūɳ׾
֮͢䣬Ȼ׽˲١
ϾλԸΪ취һ䣬Ҳᵣյģ
ɲܸ̫ҽ¶ڣЩҽ̫ҽῴŮ֮
õģΪǰЩӵһصĽɷţܹ
ԨɫЦ̣߶
ȻһЩĹؼҲõ
ô꣬Ԩ˶ޱȵĹؼһٳɵĸ͢ȫ⣡
ķţ
͢һ
Ժһ˰ѷӺ͹͵ܣܲܳɣͿ͵Լˣ
лֳֳСû
͢ʱɫһмλǸţ
ƽʱףؼʱܰæ
û
ԨĿЦ
͵Ƿ񻹼ǵûƺ֮ĻΪֿǴ뾩ʦ¥͵ܡˣҵȲһȥ䡭
ֵܵȻҪһ𡭡
˵Ԩһ
ðɣ
͢ͷһ֮ܽϴԥ
¥Ǵûкİͬһҵϰߣ˵Ҫһ¥λЦô»вõ
ôãʿԷǴӢ۱ɫ͵ƨɼ⣬üδǻûп磬ôУΪͣ
͢ԣɫǱֱ䣬ƬԨĴߴ֮£ǿͷ

֮ڶʿڻһλʿµļڣ֮ǺڣԨҪĸݵͨУúܹܿµһǲҪ뾩Σǰְ
ͬʱڹٽλʿϢҲ½ݸ
Щݸ˽ʿǵعԱ̻йҲǵطҫ
У֮ڣܺйĵ𿤿ãѾٴεȺ
ʮѾϰߣ


117 
ܺûеȶã
ͨдˣǽմӾʦĹģ
ѭȥһλŸʦүʱſھٲ߽һ§ӽ˾תʸظĹġ
ʦүꡣ
ҲǱؾˣֻǶ겻УصݣͶͨиͨиеϯĻš
ͨеĽǣÿһιĵִ𿤣һʱܹȥѯʡ
ʱЦΣŲٽ˾Ĺģۡ
ۡۡʮַḻÿһεԷŰ񣬻ǽղţǹټҵگּǹԱǨսϢ̷ģǳŶС
ۡݶ󣬲ǸݵĻ壬ҰĸԱҲ̼֣Ҳʿӣ䴫ﳯ͢
Īˣ
飬ܺѾĿ¶ϲ֮ɫ
˽ͬҲ˽λϯĻš
Цֻǽеۡݸǰͨдү
ֽܺӹһۡת˲ڵϣͿǸϤ֡
̽Ԩ񣬺Ǿ弮ᡣ
ˣˣ̽
΢΢һܺѾ¶ϲʧ̬֮£ۡƼڶ¡
ʮ̽ɣ
ܺػؿ飬ֹסĲԼۻˣ
棬ɫĳУһ֮ǰѾõϢʱӲ߽빧أ
ϲˣϲˣӽ̽ţ
ãлλҪȥϽϢݸҼҷˣܾձٻ̫¥磬λǰ
ܺϲҲʹһӣһӳȥ
е̫¥ɲˣǼ˽ү
⻹ֻǸʼõԨ˽ʿһ׽ʿ֮¶
ףλ̽ɻôᣡ
δضǰ̹
ٹԱæŹܺ⣬϶ˡ
е֪ݣԼ·תʹҲ˺
һ壬Ҳ
ȻţҲҪʹѪ̳мҵ鹡
һλ̽ɵĳ֣ܹϲʢʮ꣬βһϲ£
ϸҲ׼˺ʵ巿Ͼŷԭڲϲ£ֶһλ̽ɣδУȨҪһ
ڷڵĴ󷿣ԼнʿֵĶ

ۡУ϶˶ڻλ֮ϣݽӴķͣǸ߹Թ󣬻ǰص̼֣ھӣ϶ǴӦԡ
ʮ㣬ȻһԵ
ͨиСˣŮү̣һɲðȻʣŶнʿƺɾϡ
ĻҲǳϨ뷨
ǰΪɮͨиĸΪ˻ᣬʱֻҪүĴˣ˵ܹ˻ᵮδһʡ
ڿȫûϣˣ
ĸƾӹԭ޷죬ڿ¸Ҫ޼ɵ
Ͻһɿ˻ߣȫûЩ̸ӵĿ⣬Щ̺ȫһѡ֡
ʱ֮УѾСɽһ
ֻǿһۣùܼҷ浽ⷿȥ
ڻλϣЩ˼
ԼĶ̽ʵЩ⡣
Ȼ϶Ԩܹнʿ
ͬΪʿҲŵȣ
нʿ֮ڹ٣ڹٰĹǴӰƷةʼӰƷְǹְڶʱҪҪǲǲǲõĺãɵĻۺܿһ
Ե̫ʦη֡
ڹҪǸλøҪǹټҵĵͷ
ֻҪټϿɣпǸλϡ
ܹӰټҾϵںܶ࣬Ҳ˵ֻ淽취ֻҪӵһùټ濼ǡ
ԨҪ飬ڽĲǲһĳɼ
Ⲣס
֮⣬ҲҪʵùټҵϿɺѣҪסǸλͬѡ
ҽҿ֮Ҳٸɡ
籩ĴҲӭ
ҿݵ׼ʺѾˡ
ֻò˶ãԨʵݣͻᱻҿ
Ҳϲɫԭ
Щᡣ

ʦ֮͢
ܿ͢յԨһŷӺ͸ıһ书ؼ
ͨƬ̣ʵڱֻȷӣܲӹһ١

ľүرãΪ״ԪţڹټضǸӷ
ѳɣγٸһ
ѧʿԺȻ󣬵һֱںѧʿԺǨҲľΪż
ѧʿԺةȱϾǨת֮ףһɣ顣
ľĦȭƣ
ү¶䣬һ裡
Աߣһλ绨˶Ա˳ľߵĵ巿ˣѵƯ
ÿЩ۵̣ľܸоԼδϡ
ڳ֮ƴʮꡣ
Ὣв豭ĿһԵü˳۵̣ľٺǺһЦЦݲδάֶãֻһǰʹ
״ԪɺĻˣ
״ԪɲˣȾ߲
ľٸոĺ飬Ȼö
׮»ûɣͿ⻹ˣ
ǹ𣬹ټҵһĲ˵ľýˣ
һ֣͢ϿͻȻزǱٲװҪݺһ۾֮
ľܻæʥټҵ̫ҽԺ̫ҽǰȥ֮͢Ρ
Ȼľѧʿʼϲǣλ̫ҽĽ״ԪɵزȾʱߣʱǲˡ
Ľľɥ

ʦ
ǶŹټĺͥУܹļλǷ֮
Źͬ塣
ÿ깬͢жһھʦԼ嵱ѡŮ⣬ͬѰŮ
δɻʺλӡ
Ǻġ󱸾ǹ͢Ůٵѡ
Źɴ˳ҪһЩ
صһʮ־ˡ
ʱվǰһλŮ١
ڻرôʺһֱѰ̺ŷ֮ĹŮūѾȷʺȻѾҵλʧٵĻӣ
ֻλӾǺˣʼ޷ȷ
Źһȣ毺ݣټǶׯ浵ʣȷǷ׿ԽҲѹֹټһֱмӡ
ѿŹѾһλӣһλĸס
ĿΪ˸һ˿âͬʱһ۹һ˿ǳϡ
ʱڶŽ̾͵СϣСѾˣȴɫ԰ףǳ̣ġ
Աߣ˯Сȣʲࡣ
ʵϣԴè̫֮·֪ͥǲȾ䣬Сò˶ãͻ޶زۡ
ֻСǻģǵ˳
ҲȾز̫ҽԺ̫ҽѾˣ֧Ų˶á
Źϴһ˿֮⣬Ƭ̻ӻ֣Ǹһֱں׽Բأ걧λӵĹŮ̶
Ȼҵλӣµ˿϶Ӵ
ֻҪϼӿʣЩ
Ů٣ɫ΢΢һ㶣֮һϲλŹ׿˼ɣ
Ź֮ǰһֱɵʺЩֶγٳٲԸϡ
زöŹ¶˾ģ
Ϊһʧְɡ
ŮΪһƺǡ֣һޱȵħŮɫӣƺдϲҲд־塣
ǣ
ŮȻˡ

һߣʦ֮ڡ
ھɳҵһķУһϸӰոմһ߳ʱλ۵סȥ·
λʦ壿
ǰλϵãŮ¶һ˿ɬȻ
ͽ
λϵ¶ʹ֮ɫ⻪ƿ֮˿˿⣬ʱûŮؿڣȫ
ŮǺ޷֮ıߣ
ˮɵţ
ʱڲݵĶ¥һλаĲŮڶ¥һĻȫ۵ףɫЩ⡣
λˮɳϣǵڻƺ֮ˮɳеļλ
ʦͽˮӵλʦˡ
ˮɵĵˣȷΪ⣬ˮɵ˲ǳġ
ŮҲô̵ʱ֮ڱ¶ʱǰ⴦¥Ϊһλˡ
λܹҵһλǿԮ
һλܹƿԯĹǿԮ

ʱ¥ǰ
Ԩγ֣֮ǰԼ͢׼ǰ¥ֻǸЦˣЦ͢
ǰ¥ȻѰټ
֮ǰ֮ϣԨѺټɴƲ⣬¥еĻҲǺеһǲܹ˳ϣץסһ
ԨʧǣҵˣŮ࣬ɫˣҲֻһͨеĺ
ԨʱʧȥĿꡣ
ԨżʱһСԨ̯ģ֮΢֣ǹ߰ߣڻƺȨȨһμӳ
ǣ֮ûһo
ҲȻҪѯʾʦصoԻƺ˾ȨλСӦò⣿


118 Ȩ
ۣ΢⣬Ԩ֮𶯣ֱӵִա
֮Уɲ֮ܵٻʱѲߵoܵԨ֮ظ
˵ʵٻţԨҡͷ
һᣬҪʮзеľ޳ɣ

ͬéɽʮַ֮һԾйΪǾйĽ׸߼
еԲʮַ㡣
ǴϢ֮ʱǸ
Ƭ֮䣬һ׹â֣лΪһ׵񽫡
кηԸ
񽫵½λҵo
ǳµѲ񽫣мλ
ʱλ죬oλoĿ¡
Ԩʵ
ǣѲߣǷпµࣿ
µ࣬⵹ǲ
ԣΪֵ
СȲδԵ࣡
û
ԨɫһһɺѹƵһȺoҺ
ԨЩoǷͰ
˳Է򿨣ȫ֪ɻ
ǼͷǴҡ߻ܿ
תԨסˣЩoֻһЩС񣬵ޡ
ǾʦԻطҲ̽ҲֲЩС
ԨһʷʽǷзʲô
ָǺ
ΪǿžǿάЦݡ
ǰһ뷴ܹһ뷴񣬻άЦݣЩΪˡ
ԨƩǷ˾ɣʧ٣
Ԩͷںַ
񣬺ѲΪźӵǰһڵ⼸Ƕз½ʧ٣ʧ֪֮ǷеΪ
Ƕѵַң
ǶŷУ

o뿪ԭԨɫΪ
ɱͷںĵطǳǶ
ǺںͬǱߵ
ŷУҲ֣ŷǾʦһҹУҹջͨﵩ
ʳǲ֪

Ƕŷ
쳣ȻֵҹУҲΧ꣬׵꣬꣬ҩ̡໹Ǹְߵĸֿջ
Ҳһͷһλڳеˮ·ϵ㣬ӴΧһжĻиֹٴ
͹ٴյվܹȻȻ
Ԩվһۻ¥ϣۻ¥ǹ۲ĵطƽӦбֵգعۻ¥ʿͲ֪ܵȾȥˡ
ԨʱѰ˵Ĵ磬ѩɫ£Ժͷðɫ˿ϵţӡ
ܸ
Ԩһ۲ԶҶҶ֮µĴլʮָߴֵ̼ŷУҲǺȺ
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˻ƽضΣӵ֮Ļֺ͵Ƥܼ֮С
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ܼҵճͻȻ˹ֲҲβã̶ѾϢ١
ܼϼ̨ܱΣֻŰžΣͬʱ跨۵ķʦǰ£ǲа
ԨĿ˼һܸܸΧδоκ
ԨаԾ
ǬԾλ׷ѰŵһЩ
ǺȷǲΧ֪Ƿбס
ʱܸſڣһλŻµĹܼվſڣһֱڹ۲ԨĶԨ˼̲סǰʵ
λӣվſڣǷҲΪҼСү
¹ܼαͦȲȻĿϣȴϣʱҲǸɫ
ܸ˫ĿĿȴԴһ˿֮ɫ
λṫſվѾһʱ䣬һֱڶŰ񵥿ӦЩΪ
ֻΪһֱǰܼҸı
ţ
ԨĿһ㶣ע⵽ݸſһŴֽܸΪүҽİ񵥡
Ԩһһ뷨ʦаιİ񵥡
ԨֿһԼĴŴ磬һӸĴ磬˵ܹаδ̫ͻ
Ҫܼ̽һβҲԨµͷµȷͨһЩ֪̫֮᪻үǷԭһԣ
Ŷǰȥ̫үܸһŲҴңլ
Ԩס
β׽ڿרҵʿ
ʱԨɫһֱԱߣֻԶ֮ϣԼһصһš
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119 
Ϸеı仯
֮Ҳ˶
Ԩɫ졣
ԨһʱԱһԾ֮С
һλŮӣȹֻԻУǵ
һͷ
һͷ㣡
ԨɫЩ졣
תΪ˿˿ƽƿյһλ˳ӺӰ֮ǰüͷ
ƺóˮϵţóȻ׷ɱ
һֱ̽أԨĿУɼ콣ص׳ͷˮк𼲳۶ȥ
ˮУͷüθ
෴˵ĽøӳٶۣܼһһƮȻȥ
ŭɫ
ʦСʿ
ԨĿ΢΢һЦһͷĺ㡣
ԨĿУͷ㾫ϲʲôԩԨҲͲٲ֡
ԨĿϣ˸ɫ
ϣ˲ԩ
ֻɱ޹մȾѪɷ
ܸžʱ֨ѽһˡ
ֻӳλžװŵ꺺ӣһλһбƲһ˰̡
˿ʿ
൱ף
Ԩһۣеףһλеĵ˴˳ȻѾ⻨ףȻɫ֮ͬ˵ĺۼһλϢ

ݾǽ˰񵥣ǰΪҼβҽ
̨ܱһ˫ЩӵԨ
̫ү¿𣿡
Ԩͬģʱϲݣ͵£ζһҪڱ֮ȻʲôϷ
ϲֱӵ壬һ˿У˫һ˿ѹعת̨ܱͬʱУɫ𺧡
ݺñ£֪γƺ
̨ܱɫ˺ܶ࣬κӣһ˿ɵ
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ˣ
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ҡײƭ֮
˴ǣᣬֻܼҵĴԣü֮һɫ֣תԾֱԽǽܸ̽ȥ
¿ɲôء

ܸ֮ڣԨֱл̨ܱ룬Գƴ繦δԺȡ
ֱ̨ܱӴԨԺ
ܼҵԺӶʯϵլۡΪɣ԰ּɽ
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ǽ̨ܱԨһԺԱ߻һã̴ζо֮
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ԨλԼĸϿһۣԨܿתȥôֱĶһλٸʮֲòΪ
Ǳ˵ĶϱС֣ϣϱ񣡡
⸾վһ

ԨΪͷʱٲǰ֮ͯǰ
ûйֻǿһԨ͵̫үﲢûвҪҳҽΣ
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̫үɫÿСϱǸģƫƫûǰ£Ҳ̫ܼˡ
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ɫָĺܿ죬̨ܱʱĿ֮̾ɫ
Ƿ棬ϷǰȷܵһЩţҲһЩķӣһֱɫڿĪǾ壬һֱת
ţ
Ԩףĵȴڲ²⣬ܼҵ׷ʲô飬÷̨ܱ˻ţɻĪ
ʱԱߵĹܼܸ̲סѯʣôɻлꣿ
ԨЦȻǻģ
̨ܱΪԥƬ˵ô¾ȫȨˣ
΢΢һ֣ܸ
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ͬʱԨĿƲһһݶ֮ϣһλġϾӡλĿӡ
ԨԺɨ˼ۣת˸᷿СϢһȰʼл꣡

ʱ̨ܱܸصǰ֮ڡ
أԻصǰ̨ܱʱӻ֣ʱмҶסǰҡ
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ʱܼܸڣת˲ȴ̨ܱޱȵĿס
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λԭǽʿδͶܼ֮ǰиڻɽ˫ֻЩܼҶݣܼң̨ܱ¡
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̨ܱ̾˿λȻûлشѾ֪˴𰸡
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λӿһλһҪǿĶʿѾ컯ܾЩʿѾ׷鵽
̨ܱ֮ϣһ˿֮ɫ
ռֵԣʱҲ֪ԡ
ǷҪͣеĶ
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̨ܱҲΪԥҡҡͷ
²Уͷ֪Ǳˣ˵ǻʲô³
̨ܱ۵ͬ˸Ũޱȵѹ֮ɫ
ܸԼռֵҲǲ˸

ܼһΪ˵أⲻ֪ǽж˵Ļͱȥ
ڷ֮ϣĿ˼
һ᷿ڣϢеԨҲ˫ĿɫЩǡ
ͷˣ
ܼұˣ
ܼҵʲô飬˿־壬˽ţ

Һ˲һܼҵè壡
ڣԨ߳Ϣ᷿ſڴʱСڷţӵǲģҲмӵ˼
Ԩ߳ſڣСæ˳
ҪЩʲô
ˣֻĴһȰʱ׼л꣡
ԨɫʱüͷΪţΪЩСˣԨݶ˴˹ܼҵע⣬ƺҪ跨ʡ
ֱӱܼҵ˲ȡܴݾߣΪаµˣڿ֮ǰױ죡
Ԩ׼ֹǸ֪̫үԼ׼гȥһˣ׼һЩл귨

ʵϣԨ˳ǽһջĴջС
ջڳǽͷϡ
һ¿ĿջʵǺ֯뾩ʦǰڡ
ҲǺ֯ھʦݵ֮һ
Ԩú֯⸮ÿڵ˵һܼҵķʷԼйܼҵķš
һ㲢ѣ
Ԩƾ֯鱨ռܿͻһ

Ԩܼңʱ֣ҹĻ٣ؼŨûԨ±ܼеĿУԺķ̳
һޱȵԷ̳ΧȴɫᦣԨ˼ллŷ·գܿС꣬ʮ˳

ǱһһӰһţڲﻹһסͣ޷Ӱ
һ
ͬء
˵ɣϵİ˵ƶһ
ɫĮŵϻ̧ͷܸ
ܸʱڻѹǰˣ΢΢һ㶣ʲôˣΪҪ°
ܸоЩ
ҪЩֶΣҲܸЩʵԴȡһ汦
⾵ӽ̺һͨһλ
ÿ˵ĻǶģ̫ණԩҵһĹ
ѻ̫꣬ķѷһСĻԩҵ
÷ټʵϣܹҪ֪Ĵ𰸣
׼ܸܸܿ˫ĿֻͣǴܸǣ
ʱɫһ䣬ҪֹȴܹܼĿʱԻѪɫһɫߴзɳʱҧ
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120 
ʱͥԺ̨ܱۿŷ³ɹѵõ˿
λðգòô
СΨһӣѾ˴ߣӣ֪
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СѾˣǱߣС֣Ѿ̳ϣС۾ϲɫ
ҿˣ
̨ܱҲлϲûԼĳŵ
̨̧ܱ֣һӡ
Ԩǰ򿪣ȫǰ
ǧ
ɫŹ⣡
ı꣬һⲻɾ⣬Ҫ
̫үˣЩһ̫үȫ·ϵİգҲ̫үһģ
ԨΪһЦ֮䣬̨ܱռֵޱȵĿУֱС
׼ȷ΢⵱С
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Ԩ¶һ֣ȴܼ£ĿЩͣ
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ͻȻ춯صıըȻԶ
ʶȥըķԺ
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̨ܱʶŴͣǳĻУ֮жڲ
һޱȵĵͳ˻
̨ܱİ˲亹䤱
ܼأʱ̨ܱҲΧƺһˡ
ܼ֮ǰ˵ȥҩһֱûл
Ǳռֵܸһ㣬ƼǰʤѩӣͻȻԭزˡ

ϣǲɲǼ䱻ϯ׵ȼֻһλŭޱȣһɫСϮϣٶ硣
ڰתһȦ֮ҵĳŵƿɶ
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ԨܹǻɫСиӦһʮֶ񶾵ϢǻɫС߲֪ʲôаɣ̺ž綾ֻɹĵطһɵ
Ԩ׼֡
Ӧ֮ˣ޽̺֮
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ԨΪһЦɲ뿪
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ʿԲӰoȴܲӡ
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ԨλġoԼĿɽ
ԨݸһЦô񲢲׼ɱ㣡
仰һʱþͷһɣȻһ仰ȴþֻͣ񵱸նˣʱĺô
նʲôô

£ܼҲԶĵطһۡС
İһλ΢ĵ˫Ŀ
ħ䱻ˣܼѾ¶ˣ
ͬʱһ˻֮նЩ䡣
һССĻɫСקһССӰǰ
ǸССڰ
ܸĻǡ
۵ڽɫСûʱõһҪĶ
һʦĵʿǾһ۵΢΢һЦ
ֻܼѼԴѼġˣһ¶֦ڡ
ԣȻڣ
ϥ˫±ţֻͷһʱŭš
ֻгһ۵ĺߡ
Χޱȣ

ܼңƻͨ
֮ڣ̨ܱλ֮ϣþûпڡ
ʱС˵Ǻڣǰա
Сʹߵ̸СҲᱻŵ塣
С壬Ҳ񵥣£
һһѾûˡ
̫үĲ뿪뿪ﻹһ
ʱڴĿҲЩЩ׺ݡ
ʵڲУƣͱ⸮԰˵˵ܹ鵽ʲô˿
Աʼδ˵֪ʱЩʲô
ûõģӲģΪϷ֮ǰûΪʹ𣿵һ֮أ
̨ܱɫһ仰û˵Ӷλʹ°æ£ӵˣӱⲻ⣡
ܼһ֮ϣҲɫ
Ϊնĸоܲã
ûʲôϵն
һֱڴλoݡ
ʦ뷴Ӧò࣡
ڴʱɫˢ䣬֪ʱѾãƺѾξ綾

ڴ֮ڣʱ̫ү۵Уȴһڴ֮ڡ
㻹м֪֮
֮ڣֵ̨ܱѾɫɷף̨վԭأȫӲΪȫá
̨ܱʱһЩ̫ʦϣѾһʱסС۾
ʱ˿ֲĿ⣬һ޴ĺߴӴſѽŸ߸ߵͷڵİ޹⡣
˿ֲһĻҲѹСŵ壬ֵҲǺ䤱
ʹߡ
̨ܱʱϷûжٿ־壬ֻСںɫǰʹߣϷϧʹߵĹأʹ߿ϷЩ껹ΪʹһЩ飬Ĺ
̨ܱö˵˱ĹأһҽնҪԲԲ
߾˻ƣЦκɫ⳯Ŵ֮ڣеӰֶȥ
ʱƺƺ֮֮ϣһƳӳ֣£ӱ쪣лϢӭ
֮Ԫ̺ŵĶ⣬Ϥû
ԪǸоԪֻͣǿǻƺƺľξûһƬƲ֮С
ʱԨ΢⣬̤ƳܼϿգֱӳƺݻеĺԪɫЩ졣
ƺֹͣ
ԨˣԪ񴿴⣬ǰԪȻǿ󣬵ڶ߰˵Ķ
Կ̸ħ䣬̺
Ԫ񣡡
ԨֲŪһ£ѾһһĺԪ񣬺ԪεԪƺʴ߽⡣
ʯϼعһصԪ
ЩԪ񲢷
ƩԪһɷʦ˴෨š
ԪŹֵԪокԪ
֮Ҫ̸ֶߣ׳Ԫͬʱȡһͷ޳ɺԪ
һԪܹʦĵǰܹתԪ֮
ҺԪԴ綾ϢɱΣʮ
ȻҲʮ־޴Դ֮Ϊ߶Ⱦ˱˵ᳯɱ䡣
ֱһĶߣ
ԨҲûпԪ˼ƺγˢʱԪ
жˣԨһעƳѪת˲ʧ
Щ飬ԨԲһɺĹ½ģ֮ڡ
ɺ׳ĳ
Ʒɣ
Ԩ棡
Ԩʱδᣬ˫Ŀܼͷķ
Ǳ߾ڷţһһš
ҪȴĿѾˡ
ԨҲᣬڷе̫үˣһʱܼͷֿķȥ

ҹУܼͷ仯ʱ
ӸУʺҲڳ˼ʹĲ֣ѾɵĲˣδɵֻһЩС¡
λӻعˣ
ڡ


121 
ڣ
һ̣ʺѾˡ
ʮǰ͵һˣ
ʺ˫ȥźһԣԱߵȺʱǰ
Ը
ҪԼһ̽ɣ
ǣ
ˣͷϲ͵ȴһĻˡ
λ̽ƷòǵУѷɫڰеĶӣ;λӦϡ
ϣڹ̻ʺλãҲһ
ʺôһУλЩȡ
˻֮ǻʺǶλӶԣ޴

ܼͷ
Ԩƺڣʱޱߡ
ԨоƺȨתϣټϻƺݻĻƺӱԴʵͨϸ
⻹
Ȩʱǿĳ

н̤ƣ΢ΪӶƬϹ䣬ƺУǺٴγ֣ǻɫƱ¡
ʱͷϣһӰƮȻ¡
г֣ʮֽ¶һ˿֮ɫͷܼʦƺҲÿβȡֻǽȡһ֣ʳ
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ʱ۵˸Ṵ̃
ǰҴڴϻ˯
ǰװŵľʳ
˸䣬ڡ
뿪֮ǰС
㣬Һ֤ܿʲôǴģĵ·ͨȴҪɽ·
ҲֻҲ쵼壬úһ¥
ૣȴûпյһ
ֻ֣
Ѹģԭмֹ£һڿ
£
ĿȻ䣬֪ʱѾһ̤Ƶoѹƶɿֲ֮£ֻͬϡ
ڿ־ĿУoٲǰo⣬Ϲת΢ʱźǺ
ȫ޷ɫ־壬ȴһֵ߲֣֮ס΢ŷ⡣
ŷԽ
һԣһ
ͬʱһڰ
б֮
ԨжΪһ٣Ŀк⣬ⰻȻκ
һö߲ԵڰС
תУһޱȵӰڰС
һ޾׾ɫŮӣа˫峺ˮ޶ˡ
㿴Ӱ̲ס󺰡
㣬ң
ãµͷ֪𣿡
ͿɽزɸֵŹڵϵĺ㡣
ĿУż첻һѻΪˮԩۡ
㣬֪Դ֮Ҷ޳ģ
ɫȻͿɽزı֪ն
̫ΣգһŲпܳ׷ǡ
ͿɽزҲź㣬ȷܱ
ʵϣɽ֮䣬ľ࣬ܶ滹ܹ˷ˣֻҪ͵һЩ
oѳɡ
Ҫضʱ
Щo֮ҲδرoʱҲ丯
ôץסˣǱһ뷴ץסҲʱҲҲ
Ϳɽز̾ϢһĿԨ˵ҵɽеľ飬ǱֻһʱͿаԸڹᷢ䣡
ɽأ
ԨɽأΪһ
ɽʯأؼʥض죬Щʥض춼һЩĹµĵͳ
ɽصʦɽĸ
ɽĸԨҲ壬㱻ץסСӣɽͳĸˣҲл˵
ֻСڶʳ徫Щʳ׳СҲûɱǣǣ
ʱĻңæͷ
ԨɫȴޱȣȵԻڣɽʥأŵͳλЩʳаħ
֮ģĴ
Ԩ΢֮ϣȻڣ΢ǹǴй⣬ͬһסԪֻҪ΢΢һתʱͷء
ֻԨһЩء
ȻǺͷأȻ²л꿽ʡ
ۼԨͿɽزæֹ
һ׮ܣ⣬һԴ˾ܽΣ
ܣ
Ԩɫһ֮ȴһɢ
ԨǲŮӡ
ŮӣԨϣǴӺڳ
֪Ĳ࣬ѾʳѾѡ
ʱǲŮӴ򽻵Ԩаա
ҲЩƭˡ
һƷס蹬Ԩֽ̽΢̱ʯڡ

ʰ˺֮ԨĿͷļҴϡ
ϣʱװ˲׳
˴ʱԨﻹ֪ܸʲô⣿
˿ڣ
ҼпܣǰЩѾʧȥ˼԰ˣЩˣ
ܼң
ԨޱĿһܼҴլķ
ܼҵ飬Ԩ׼֣ͽ⸮ɡ
ҲרӦ˵Ļ
һ¶ȻЩغϼ
ϾôoǳԸɷģ

ԨʱгһǬԾΪ߶ԨƬ̱һĸۡУ˳Ÿֱۡһɭޱȵİҡ
Χʪأڶࡣ
ڰ룬ԨҵһλϣȫӲӰֽҲ΢⵱УٴӰ£Ԩҵ˼öͬʱȥ

ʱڳǶ
ͿɽزɫΪüͷͷЩǡ
һ꣬ź㲽;Ҳʹġ
ֻϣoܹ飡
ǶˣȴǲܲͿɽزͷҲѾ
ںˣں
ȴ
Ϊ֮ƣһҪǰԯĹȡͿɽزѾͨ˲ɽеǿߡ
ֻЩǿһǰȥ⿪ԯĹǰӡ
Ҳܴˣ
Ϳɽزһ⴦֮أ⼸°ţȻ뿪֡

Ԩ뿪ҹУ⸮֪ӱǴԻ˴ҴҸϵ
˱ҹе̫үһֱ˿ڣ׳⡣
⻹ˣ
ӵһʱǰ׽ãֻǣܼһȺڴһأȫ˶ʱû
ͷϣзҴ󴬣λ׳꣡
һʱҹһ󼦷ɹ
Ǿʦ󰸣


Ԩ΢⻯ûڡ
Ԩڴջ񣬻⡣
Ԩ̯֮ϣģ֮ϡ
һǧС
ǲĿĽԨǰԨҲоĿѣơ
ԨĵģҲϲɫ
һɹ£Ԩ֪ķ
֮ǰɱǺԪԼѹܸ֮ṩһǧҵС
ʣµǧİСһݴ󹦵֮¡
ǧСӦ·ֵİա
Ԩ˺ܭһ֮󣬺ܭӦΪԨԼƴɾǧʯʳ
ټϺ֯£˽ļʳʾ޴С
Ȼڹ֮УУ
ԨʱҲһ˿
һʮƹ
ڹ֮УλԽߣʱܻ۹£ҲԽ졣
ǳ˾𡭡
ԨͷʱѹȥΪ޵֮˲̫ˣҪʱף
֮Ĺ£Կ¼Ʒ
ԨͷЩ
¾Ҫһ̽ԯĹðİȫڵһλ
ں᲻ṩԨȫġ
βģ壬Ԩ㲻滰
Ԩ˼֮䣬ԨĿһ⡣
ֻһƶݹʱӷƿն͸¥Ĵֱ뷿С

Ϣ΢΢ҡҷת˲ǰԲѾһƷ
һš
ԨЩЦԷǵŵӰһϸȵӰӰŷӡڼΣǰŹ
֮˲޶⣬Ԩװŷš
Լ
Ԩɫ΢΢һת˲ĿǰԵĻϣĿΪһ
ԨѾµűˣ
ǵˮ©
ǾͼһɣǸüһˣ
Ԩֽպá

ӸУʱȻƻͨ
۵ҫĹһƬֺʺӣʺӸ౾󲿷ڴǳ档
ǰһѵ౾ʺʣʱüʱ¶ŭݣʱͷֻǿĵط౾ضڵϡ
ԱߵһֱźԱߣǰ콫Щ౾ʱš
ڵ𣬻ǡ
ͷźʺܶ꣬ôʺѾ¶˵ǿд˾ͼı췴Ҳ˶ŭ仯Ƶ
ˣʺҲڵǣλ̽ɻ᲻λĸס
ʺȻǿƣᣬҲһλĸף
ϣһλӲҪ⣡


122 
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ܶٹ˶ϲڷ¥ʦѡ
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йͣͣ¥ϸйҡ
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Ԩӷ¥߽֮ԶԶǿ§֮ϵ֡
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˽¥ҹȣҲûԭġ
ԨţǷ¥СڵӵУ¥
Χٷ¥еռϳλഺٵ̽ɣЩռŻ޶ˣ֣ܸ衣
ԶǿԨ¥Ťϸ֫˹ֻԨδᣬŮƹ֮ǰ¥

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ʹŮ𣿡
ԣˣ߲̽ʹŮ˵չӵֻͯ
𣿡
⴩ŶĹ΢΢һЦͨѰĹӸ磬ʱﶼѾԼˣ
Ӧ强ˣǷᱻлһ㶼֪ĸҲ֪ôġ
󸾻ģһ˿ŭ
ԣ⻰ȴýˡ
󸾺ܿתȥһԭء
ӣ룡
Ԩ֮󣬱סԨȥ·ԨԱߵһŸС
Ԩףʱ̧λĸ˳ԱŸȥ·ϣԨЦʵ
λγƺһǰĹ͵еĹˣ
Ԩʱ֪ʡ
ԣӯӯһЦ
ˣ̽ɲؾᣬ֪֮ˣ
ǵڴ
ֻҲʵ
̽ͨиڶ滹иֳ̽ͱѾֳǲ
Ԩɫ˵һ˵ˣֳ;ȤѾҡ
ԵǲûиеΣֻǳĬƬ˵ӿɹԼݣ
˺γԣ
Ԩɫ棬ĿƲһλˡ
ʱѾſڡ
վһԣ̽ɽȥɣ
̽ɣ۷˵ʲôвɶԷ˲
ԣԨŲһ٣
ż䵹Ǽ󣬲õʮ£徻
ԶԶԨѾһͬŰɫӰ
ȻŰɫȻڲסǹӺݻԨδĿȻоһѹͷ
ⲢΪӰһӷڹλơ
ڱ˴֮ݡ
ֻǿӰԨ֪Ȼͷ²еλ
¶ˣ
ԨĿΪЩӡ
΢΢ĬԨпڣʹγƺ
ʺһ˫Ԩ˵ˣǲǺܺ棬ΪʲôͻȻ㣬ӦҲܺҵݣ
˵ĸף𣿡
ԣԨһɫ֮ϣȴҡҡͷЦ˿˵Цˣ
ֻԨûоٲ뿪ƽ쳣
飬ʺͷЩɣԨǷѾ֪ԼݣͲµһ죿
ϻԨ
Ӧòܵģ
ʺֿԺС
ôԼˣ
ֿԸͣ
ʺͷŹ֣˵
ǿʼ֮ǰɷܹ˵һ£
˵ҲԨӦأԽè̫ӵĹ£ͷβһ顣
ֻԻʺӽǽһ飡
ԨеߣʺȷǲƫУûκο
ʺɫƽˮĽ£ͬʱĿڹ۲ǰ̽ɡ
ֱ˵һֵʱ̲סվ
ΪԱҲΪ˱סӣʺʹߣһ͸һλ¸صĻһλ͸˻ʺʦ㣬ʦҲͱ巿ޣǸʱܺнʿãھ·ϵ֪أ
λʳӣСӤ㣬Ԩ̽
˵ʺĿֱԨ
ԨȻɫȻ˵˵Ĺºܴ񣬵˿ϴˣ巿ĵӣɲʲôӣ
ԨоԼѾϷ
òô
ʺ֮ؼΪصһĸӣĸǿһˡ
ʼ֮˺ڡ
飬󲿷ʱȨʼ֮ϡ
ԨϲὫǰ;ֺܱܿĲϣ
ʺԨţֵΪ֤ɾϲСǲǴһ壡
ô֪ղص壿ԨϾȣͬʱȡһƵ塣
徧Ө͸ŵ
ˣʺѾ̲סͷȡⷽ塣
ֵ֮ʱʺϸǹټҴʺĶ֮һԧ壡
˵ţʺͬȡһСԨһԡ
ô
Ԩƺɫ仯顭
֮⣬룬̥ǣҲһ
ʺ˵Ѿʮֶ飬ԸǿƣôĹԸĮԼӣȻ
ô˵ǡ
ԨɫƽǼеĲƽ
ʵϣԨ˿ĺƽ
ĸϣڴʵʮ꣬Ǵ֯Ϊһ̡
ʱεĶˣһ̷ƽͬȻȻ
Ҿʺ󣡡
ʺ̲סǰһԨһѷסƬ̲Ż֡
ͬʱ룬ֵ΢ةʥˣ
ԨߵĸԶʺ¶һ˿֮ɫʶ㵱治ԸĸףԹĸΪԼǰ̣Լӣ
˵ʺѾ졣
ԱߣҲЩᡣ
ǵˣӸŮʹôǻһһ
ܹʺĿ
ǸĹУټҳ޵ҪôȥҲһЩƯУȻټҾػʺ󣬵ʺĿ˭֪
ʺҲһʼǳȨƵģ
ԨϵϷɫЩأ΢ȷпĻӣ˵ʵ飬Ϊӣĸ˭ܲԹ
ʺɫЩΣȷӡ
ȴԨҡҡͷֵ
ǱҪ΢ûĸĸԸԼӣ
ʺȦЩ죬Ŀǰʵꡣ
ӱлҪʺĶࡣ
侲ʧǣֲȱʺ֮ġ
ͣ룬ʺʵοҲһģ
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еһѾȥˣʶѾǲ˺
ʶǱУǱʺڲ䣡
ԣԨ̧ͷλʺ󣬴ʱλʺ󣬷Ȼ˲ӡ
ʺʱһ˫ԨԨϴʱСӡСܡСԸ⡱Сԥ𾪣
ⶼģ
ʺ󣬲ʵʶ㲻ûĻ𣿡
΢ܹ㣬ʧȥһ˫ӣϣлܹлϥ£΢ĸĸҲʧȥһӣֻʣһӣĲʧȥˣ
⻰Ԩȷǳģʮܺ򸾶İѾ衣
Ԩȷܲܺ򸾣˺ķ򸾡
ڳȥ˺С
ҪΪӣԨҲϣõܺ򸾵Ͽɣһֲᣬֱ˻ӵף
ǶϷ򸾵ģ
ⷬȴδʺʧ䣬Ԩ֮ɫŨ
˭Ҳϥһͷǡ
ͷζʮ㣬ʺǵĸ͸ʦʱʦʹӦĸ󣬲ֹڣ
ĸҲӦʼҲĸףǼĻᣡ
ԣԨĬƬ̲ŵ
л
ӦóΪĸ󣡡ʺ¶֮ɫ
ԨĿһۻʺ󣬲һӲɤӵǣĸ󣡡
ȻӲޱȣȴʺϲ
ϲʥˣϲ£ĸϣؾף
ſڼĸϣϴϲҲǰء
ţʺףһ֮ʺĿԨʶĸᰲټϡ


123 
ӷ¥߳Ԩɫź֮ɫ
ʺķܼ
Ҳðգ
ҲʧΪһð취Ѹײڶ֮ƣδӦ֮ǰ˵ݣõҵϿɡ
ǸʱСʱ
ᣬɾûôס

Ԩһʱ׼

ѾˣȻųĶ飬¶ڴ֮ɫȻϣܹʩҩ
ֻƾõĹģѾʵ
Ԩõƹ񣬸ʣµˣûÿһʱſŵĳɢ
ԨЩУûпիĴڡ
ô죬իÿŶӱصõʩҩ塣
ֻիѾ;ƿݣĵֻܶ
뿪ˣѾˣ

Ԩܿ뿪á
Ƭ֮Ԩǽһķ浱С
һΧ֮󣬲ٳɣԨ߲֮һţ֮ʱһöǬԾзһ㣬ǬԾʧ
仯⣬У֮Ǭתľ
ɽˮಫ
ǬѾá
һβ
Ԩ̯֮ϣβӰ޴βͣë׵ģͬص
ֻǸոѡһβģ壬ԨʱоĲͬһŨޱȵգڱǬԾסʱɢȥ˲
֮Ԩоǰδеıͣ
ͬʱ޴β˳ͨβͷų
ԨʱڿֲŤ֮£Ҳ쳣һĵز
⣬ͷǷ賤¶˿˿׷
ԭΪǸϵģ壬ڿǴش
ԨоʱڱǵɫЩѿ
βǿս֮βԴһʮǿͨ
лз磬ףľбϵͨ
ΪĻβ
ѹҪһǧС
Ԩ۽ڳ鴤΢ʱ˦
Ϲһͷǰ
ʱЩȻ֪ںδֻת˲ȴǸоһɷ·ĿֲѹȻ
ĿתֻһλòٱӰ˵Ӱױȵ
ǸúĿɿڴĻ⿡ޱӰеӰ
֮β
һߣβҲβ
ڿʲô
л֮
ʱһ飬Ѿ
ԨĿ⵭ź㣬˵ӦĻʳԣֻĵгʣѶ٣
з֣һֱԶ֮·Զ֮·ǲҪٵġ
һѡΣΪ岻ȫҪ׻Ƕ컯ɻ塣
һ֮࣬ʹȻǿҡ
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ΪλһڽѵæͷԹϴ
֪йԯĹ鶼˵ɣ޾ϸҪ
Ԩɫ䵭һ˫ɫͫʱȫκء
ԣЩɡ
ôƾС־Ƶ۵ޣԨɫЦɫһ˿м
ԣ΢΢һ
Ԩ˼ֲ죬ɲ봥ŭλһľ뢣
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֪ͿɽزһֱҪ򿪻ƵޣƵеıɻβ֮
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ֻǻƵΧзӡҾ˵ﻹǿôʼ޷򿪻Ƶꡣ

ʱڹУʺ󷵻ع֮󣬲ûţȥ˹ټҡ
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ãԨվ֮ϣ֮ϴʱ֣Ʈŵ˿
ʹ֮ϷƼһ˱ŭĹټϴвϹԱټּء
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ԨҲû뵽ʺܶʱ֮ڰѶϣλô
һĸԨ֪ӦǸˣǵǣ
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ᵽеļλֻǸʼݽҿ֮󣬺ܿٸļꡣ
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ˣΪغܿҪԼġճ̣
ԨĿ仯֮ݱҿ֮ıȡλ
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ӲܸߣǸ滹½ǨΪйʺĻӣӵеĽ
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ӡת΢Ԫֱӳ΢ڣ΢Ȩ壡
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ԨĿ֮£ֻݽǷ֮£ЩˮˮԼӰ
Ԩķͼ˼ˮݶ
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ʱԨע⵽λԲɫ۵Ӱ


124 ֱ

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ԨԽǿʺڹټǰԽ˵
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ʺö˵һλ΢ӡĻӣȨڴӣܻ֧֡
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ԨȥӰ
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΢ȷɳܿ죬ǰʱ仹֣̺洫΢ҲŲС档
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βģʹýһβǷ
ԨʱĿ֮ɫ
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βββһ
βܼǿ
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һ˴ҴҷӸ
ʱ𵴣ûжע⵽ɫҴҵˡ
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˽һͱȥԨϵԣнˣ
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ǣ
æǰͷԱߵŮʹǰ̱ڵϵļŻߣ
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ϲϲӲ֮ʱ¶֮Ҳת
ʺһɫҲ˲ǸõϢ
ȴҡҡͷ֮ʱף¾ֻת
ʺҪĸãʲô
λǲˣ
ǣ
ô˵ɫϲ
æʵӵǲҪԣ
ʺ󷴶ӻ֡Ҫùټȥ⣡


125 ʺյ
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ӣÿ̫ܿҪʼˣ̫ҲǹҪټҲⲻҪΪϴ֣
ʺĿΪһЦ
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ԨȴǷΪˣ
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Ԩһ¥
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Ԩϥ֮ϣһץ΢֮ϣ΢ʱǶ΢׶ˣǹϹ
ԼԼ֮ڣԿޱȵǻԵƣǴŷӡת
΢ӡ磬зӡתӡתӡת
ÿһתᵮһǻԵƣӵжص΢Ȩ
ʱ΢Իڻ΢鳯ŷӡתɱ䡣
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Ԩ΢⣬ҪȻֻд򼫵⣿
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Ԩţ͢͢ôȥ̽˵ȥ
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Ԩ˾ϲ˲һ״Ԫڶȥ

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취ƷȫԨ¶Լݡ
ǰ۷̥Ҳˣ̽ɣɲţ
аȵת˲Ŀ·ľ޴ŻڵľɫŮӣʱ۾һ⡣
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ͬʱһھͣλµŮӵһλɫŮӻ֮
λɫŮͷֻ֮˲䣬һ˫˫Ŀȥ¶㵡

״Ԫۡ
͢⼸Ŀ಻ԣԨķ֮ز
ڴϣ͢ĿϵŨɫѿ
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͢ԹĽҩܹŨķҪΪԨӡ
С㣬ǻ뿪ɣȥӿŶᣡ
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״Ԫ͢ǸͨУ۲˼ǸϷһͨС
ΪûмǴ͵ܼкڽ

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ԨƳ͢еĸ֮ɫȻڡ֣ǲʲô㻹Ҫһ֮
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ԨԼǲǱ˴ˣôڿ˼͢ף
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ãԨصʱüͷʱ

ԨԶԶǿôʱΧ㣬Ⱥ۷׷ףǰΧ۵˴󲿷ֶ彡ɢӣ١
̤õʱԨͿһλ޾׵ĺŮʱףֻǿ㲣ʮֲã


126 
ʯ㲢ûв
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Ԩ֪Ǹһͷͷôʪ
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ȷˣɣ
Ԩ̨֮ǰ˳ԣΪ죬æվ
˳䲢κλɣ˳ھΧȷЩҽϵ裬ҽһ񣬺ųֻشΪҽ
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ԨɫЩŹ֣⻹һ
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߳ӸλӹϢѲֶߣڶӵܷ׷״˷ӿǰ̽Ϣһλӵա
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ټҺʺҲɫ𺳣ʺ󺱼ĿҲ


131 棬
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Ѫͳغ𢣬ɢ
ʽͻգ뷷Ϊٴ
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132 
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ʱڶſڣ·ԱԹ󿴵˹ʾǽϵĻʰ
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ʷ̨̨ʷ֪ĸۡ˭֪λ˾ʷֻ̨̨а벽֮ң
ֻʷ̨ʷةˣܹһ
ʹĶ᷿Ժڣһҹ߹ңһ檣ȢһλС㣬ޣ֮Ϊδӡ
үȱŨ裬峦θɣ
ʱ鷿ڣδһɫ棬ò㲻þȴҲ㽿ȻҲѾһһŮȴûһ㸾˵Բ󣬷Сˡ
̫ʦһ޵ʹֽӹδϵĲ룬Ƭطڲ輸ϣ
ϷֶôǹټҵĻأ
ϷȥǾûƣ
δӣЦүֺα˽黳δӵܹô꣬ѵϣλ常ûһ˿𣿡
δվԱߣЩۡ
֮ǰҲλֶǵȷǸ൱ˣ
ּ֪
곤ļѾ󣬶Сδ꣬ŮŻԣδϼס
⼸ҲĥǲΪλ̽Ѱһ£
δӵȷû
ֶӾȻ˴ӣ
һйʺ
ʵھ
һڲ룬ųϷ򵹲ʧȥֻǾ޳ϷѾˣ
ʲô
δЩݸ
үǰ죬ǻ˵ҪΪټҰغʷ̨ù֮ȡ

ԣʱɫһ𣬻ָɫδӿһĻΪһЦһжλ̨԰顣

ةฮۡ
ʱҲ쳣ҹة֮ةฮһֹޱȵķΧС
ͬУةҲɥżֻةһֱδȢ
ŮΪ顣
ʱУةŻòᣬɫҲЩΡ
ʱ侩ʦַǳ¿ƽʿŰ֮Ȼǰ׽
ة۹⼫ߣ᲻ýŮ䣬Ҳ̽ѰһԼŮ˼
Ტδ״ԪɣҲûϰ۲룬̽޲ڡ
ȻҲŮ˼ȫԭѾ׼ѳ棬æ̽ˣڳ⵵顭
̽ɳ˻ʳӣŻ֮ΣϷҲ¶ֻ»ʺԴӵĻ£аţ
ЩΪѵŰŮ
ΪѣŮ֪ģŮԸ
Ӹ飬֫飬һȥо֣ǹȣ
׵Ѵ΢΢һӣýŲУ뿪
ة࿴뿪ӰΪ̾˿
ʵԭҲͦ̽ɵġ
̽ɳϣӧ֮ңƷòҲ֮ˡ
ŻĿǰฮۡżҪһ㡣
ǳޣǾǵͼޡ
̽˴ӡ
ʼ֮֮ŻˣȲ˵ʵ飬뿤λֻ˻ؼҡ
ĭӾпûةฮۡ
˻˵ةʹ棬Ļң
ȻҲ֪һ㣬Ȼѡ˳
Ϊѣ
ôᷢ飬̫ϧˣ
䰦̾˺ܾãûзӡ

ʱУոʯѾСæˣ߻СѾߣ¥дġ
һСңһѩСѾͬʮͣȴ飬ɡ
һͰʯϴ߹СƮŨζ
ȻʯûΪλٹ˵ŮʹʯܿɫУ黭Ǹңڳһ֮ϣҲвС衣
ʯҲԨǰ¶ϼ֡
ԺЩ֪Ŀææµˣһ磬ͳȥѰˡ
ҹԼҹһҹδ飬ΪͯϲȻеǣĴ̽
Ͼ֮ǰлʳ˾ҹԼҹӡ
˵ĳ£
ʳ˾ǽ壬ţǰ˾С޵ĵط
Ͼȥʳ˾ſڴ̽Ϣֱʱŷء
ŷأŵСζʱһλٻɫȹСѾߴС˳
֣СѾ߶ʱһ̲סʵ
磬ûд̽ӵϢ
ûУõģԹӵı£µģͷͷĴЩֽĿԱߵСڡ
æµӰʵ
Сãʯʲô
ŶСΪСĲ˱ܽرɺóˣ
СɫЩԺػصһһ˵ɵվˣȥңûҵӣʲô
Ŷ¶ͷת˲СҺ;Ϳת˻һ𾪣ͬɫЩϲ
ôҵ𣿡
СЩֿλͯ
ʯҲС˳һ£磬ʱû֮ǰޣһ崿뽿
ô£
ʯ
ʯϲΪ۾ֱţλʯǹӷеˣδ϶λ֮ϣЩͯġ
ϲɫѣԥƬ̣ŵ
ʯղǴһ£ǹӳɻˣ
ʲôʯԣһžЩ
ʯת˲֮ϣʱĿⶢ˵
ʲôʱ飬ô£
ϲæӶŹʾǽĻʰһһ׸
ʰ񹫲ǹǹټʺĻӣѾΪٴ
ٴʯо׽һ˫ĵУʱзһ˿Цݡ
¥ˣҲǻȻʶҲѰŮӣ
ٴǷأ֮ͨǹԷš
ͷйӵݣȴǷͬһ㡣
ʯҲЩ𶯣Ҳ벻ԭΪֻǸ̽ɵȻһλ
˵ʯյϢйʺ֮δҲһλпϴλãھ𡭡

ӸУ˿λԨһֱԼĹС
ʱڹ룬Ԩϴʱһɫʥּ
ʥּ֮һŨڿնͬסԨԨ
Ԩʿ
ٳ
Ԩͷǣɫٴչһöɫǳնǹͬ£ɫ֮ϡ
ɫ̣ͬʥּ֮Ϻɸɾ
˳ޱȵĽˣ
ʱڹ֮⣬ʺſڣԨͷ΢һ̨ס
Ѿǽӡת
ʺ󣬴ʱλŸɫѹװĹ󸾣һȴ鶯ĿⶢԨ쳣ȡ
΢ӡתϵĻӡ
ȥ֮ϻƽ̣Ŷи˶ģΪµĻߣ


133 ΢
һλλ󸾣ǳڸȨۡǴٹ˵ףʵϻݡ
ڸɽأǸɽھʦĽ֮ˡ
ʮֲ
΢ӡĻӣܹϾλãƾǾ޴Ĵֱ֮һ졣
ǻֵĻӣһλǧᣬ޷ĵز
ʺԸɵ̬Ȼ⡣
λȥأλӲ֮ϾҪ
ԣһȺɫ΢΢£ȥ

޵֮ڣԨһͲԱ˵ӴޱȣԪһֽԤһֱ
ʱδ⡣
ʱ蹬ڣ΢΢תǹⱩǡ
ǻԵƣ֡
ӡڶת
׾ٵˡ
ĽٶȣҲܹ⣬ܶĳˡ
ԨͷҲЩ
ӡڶתѡ΢Ԫ΢ǣûаۣɽӡת
΢ȨЩӣ
Ԩʱ΢Ԫ΢Уо΢Ϊ򣬰΢ǹħԼ΢Ȩڷӡѹһϵ¡
ֱ仯ͬ΢Уܵ΢ǱԴǹϴ嶼ɱ䡣
΢ɱ䡣
Ԩ֮ǰ֪΢壬΢ȻȻһ΢
΢̬Ӧþ΢֮壡
ԨֻӦԼĽۡ
Ϊκο
мأ
΢ɱ䣬Ԩо΢ǹ⣬ѾֻǱǹ⣬ܹǣá
һ֮䣬Ԩʱоɫǹʣ֮ǹٿأγһѵǹ
Ԩͷһմ΢ķţɲ֮΢ǹۣΪһνͷâ޵ĳ֡
ǵ
ʱڹ֮ڣʺĶԨ
ɫ˼
Ĳ²ûдʶȷҲӴ˵ѾЩҲ
ϸԨͷ΢ǹ۽ʺԵͷ
ڽ֮ǰҲǽӴеģΪʦãϵкʺȻҲܲ
ֵһǣ΢ѹƻӵУǶڷŮ֮;绢
ԨʱʺҲû̫֪࣬ǰĴѾһɽƽ̼ǿߵĴʿ

΢ˣ
ԨһһŵĽͷ΢ǹɢȥ
΢ӡ֮Ѿӵһ΢ıʡ
⻹ֻǸʼǿ΢ܹΪ̬΢
΢ǸոճҲֻ뷼o
дǣ
Ԩ˫Ŀɫת
˫ĿԨͿԱߵʺ

ʶʲôʱʼеģ
Ӧˣ
УʺʣԨʵش
𣿡
ʺɫһûʣԨʱԻĵУ󲿷΢
΢ڱ棬зԵ΢
Ԩʺʵ
ĸ󣬷ЩΪζݷͬһ㣿
ŶǶĸɽصˣҲΪ
ĸɽأ
ԨɫĿһһɺ档
ʺˣЦʶ㶮ŷӦҲ
֮䣬ҪĶ࣬ɽж࣬ħ֮⣬зʿʿ󶼻⹦˳ܻɵ
Щħϲס֮أЩŴɣȻҲϲ徻֮أ
ǵλף
ԨĿһһ˿ת֮Ī֮ĪѵЩʿҹ񣿡
ʺԣĿдЦ⣺
Ȼǵģһܹݣûѹƣʮ죬ʮҲҪ˱ᣡ
ģЩŴȻ˱ʵǶȨԸǣʳ̫ǱҪԸ⿿ʦ
ŵŵҸˮˮ
ԣԨףȷˣЩʿæ뷲̥֮ɻɣҲңأʱʳ¡
һʳ̣Ҳʲô˶ռݵģһ˺
ߣʶҲҪСģˣǴħ
ƻʶ΢ִӡĻӣȺħΪ֮
˵ʺһ˿֮̾ɫ
ǿ΢ȷǵһʱס壬ͣûк֢
Ԩɫƽһ׼
ʵΪڴɱӵħȻѰ֮ԣȫͺôġ
νħ󣬶ԹȻԽǿ
Ȼ˶Ը⿴һĻ
ԷЩˣ
ţĸѣĸЩʥŶЩϵҲΪĸ¡
ԣԨĿЩǻЩ죬ŴЩУҲˮһλϵӰ
Ȼˮڻʺ
һοǰˮڵӺݺݽѵһ٣
ֻˮȻͨԳ֮ǣ
ֻʺʱֵһĸϵǣΪԨԼĵܵѰλɿĻߣӻȫ
ʺЩȰǰԨ
׼ȷ˵ӦǻԨ
֮󣬻ĻϣԨһֱ֣ڷʽУʺΣҲʹӦˡ
Ȼǰǲùټ֪
ȻԹټҵӣ϶Ը⣡

ĸ󣬿ɷЩʿ֮öԼѡһλߣ
ô㻹ǣ
ʺɫЩ졣
ΪĻߣδضǳϦദУδ˽⣬ģ
Ԩɫ֣ء
ʵԨ˵Щ򲻹ʲôǧ
񣬻һ΢ĳ̶ֳȣκһλɽеĴҪ
ϵܲ뱩¶ǰ
ԣԨĵʵڲҪʲôʲӻߣ
߻˿ɣ
ԨĳټҺʺƺΪƫһЩ治أ
˹ţԨʵڲϰ߰
ʺƬ̣һԨݸЦǺðɣʱԼѡ񣡡
ĸһӳʺѯԨԨ¿ʼ޾ϸ
ԨЩΣþܾʺĹģʱټҲѯһǿУʵµĿƺ⿼ʲô

ڶ죬ԨͶ˿沢û޻ʹټҸλһլۡµĿ޽
ԨͶ˿һ£ټʱҪ޽ʾլۡΪλۡ
ʵϣլۡɣû˵ĲֻۡۡЩˣ΢ˢһ£ܿµһ
⵹ԨԨȷʲô֮ˣôĸۡѾˣûǲ
˿ҲǸʺӣܺô򽻴֮󣬱һ˹ټңһдӼ
λӵⷬٶӮ˹ټҲٵ
ټǸܼӣЩ޽ĹҲ٣˵Ľڼ⿴ġ

죬Ԩ˽ʯϲӵٴУθۡ飬ǽʯ͵ˡ
ͬʱԺ֯ţƸټңԼСŮʹ
֮أԨҲ̫
Ԩٴ빬ʺ
ʺڹУʱڴè̫һβʱԱλźһԣˣƷˡ
Աߴźɫ̫໪Ӹ̫
ٴ£
ԨһΣæͷΪһ˿֮ɫ
Ԩϻ¹ٿЦԭǹҪһĸ󣡡
Եȣū
æͷ
ܿ첽ԨӸȥ
ԨһܱЩŮֻǿһۣԨʱͷЦӸⲻŮƺ͵͵
ЩŮ毺á
ǶǴӹٻ˼ѡŮ˵Ԥ
ԨջĿ⣬Ŀбӣַǳү
Ӹڣʺʱɫÿƺʲô鷳Ա߱ˤ˲١
ĸôˣĪʲôĸˣ
ԨĿһΧǰ΢΢һ
ԣʺ̧ͷԨɫ˲٣Ȼ̾ϢĻʽˣ
λʽ㣿
Ԩɫһ
ԱߣƷ£ǻݹ£ſ⸮⸮һλԳĸ״үʼ۾ϣ
ԣԨĿס
ݹȻǳ
ôԨ⣬֮ǰͼĿ⣬ȴƫƫû۹⣬ƾʿݣȥ֪˵С
ѣԨһ㶼մ
ˣʶĸУΪ£
ʺĿԨϣʱϲ٣ܹ黹Щĵģ
Ԩɫʱһ࣬㽫˵
ĸҵȻ֮УǷй΢ĴУ
Ԩɫ¡
ԣʺĿΪһ̲סʵ
Ԩ˻֮
˻ֻ֮Ǿ΢ӡΪã̫ڱ
ԨЩ̾
΢ȷޱȣֻԼЧ̫͡
ӵ΢ԨûҵУӦز飡


134 ջ
΢ǿ΢ԪҲ
Ԩűأûд򿪱صԿףơ
ȴʺʵʶ˻ʴǲɣ˶δйȾ
ʺһ˫Ԩ
Щ̽
ĸ󣬶Ȼӵ΢ӡҲֻκ΢Ҫ˷ⷬ츳δ
ԨһЦ
ͬʱͷһ̾ʺȷһĸףҲǸ׼μҡ
κʱ򶼲Ǳܡ
Ҳðɣ
ʺһ̾ƺΪϧ˵
΢Ĵһֱղ̫Уǰ̫ѰԪ
жջ񣬻ÿԼı£

̫֮
Ԫ˴̫ڶϴǵ¼ɲᣬȻγɵ̫С
֪ٴ⣬ΪڴӦԨ˻ʳ࣬һƧĽ
ټʳһĵĽ
乬űߣ·乬ʱԨע⵽ټ乬ﾲĵģ⡣
Ԩһ乬ķ
ԨΪһ̾
һˡ
һˣ
ʵ֮ǰӦǰݶԷģδҿ
ݽҿˣҪһ

ٲ֮Ԩΰޱȵĸ¥
ڣĹݣ⣬ʷ⣬ԱԨҪȥ̫ʷ¥
̫ʷ¥ݵ֣֮вٹԱڴ򿨣׫ʷ飬У֡
ٴƶͲȥˣҵ¼֮󣬼ɰͼ
л壡
Ԩס
̫ʷ¥ڣԨоǿޱȵפأԨ̤ʱĿ˲ϡ
лǲ˵㣡
Ԩ˫֮Ϊһ˿ɫĿǼӰΪصͦã۵Ρ
¥λ¥֮λһλصļá
ǰһλͷͷϸȣԨ·ʱ˵
ˣϧһ飬ҪѲ鷭ˡ
ǰʡã
ԨΪһЦͬʱٲȥ
Ԩ֮ŵͷϵȣ뷢ףʱԱϢ߳λŸµĵˡ
ֻݣ߻򰫣
λ΢ӡĻӣ
ʱλ뷢׵ӰĿЩ졣
͹ټҿһ㶼񡭡һֹſͷⷬȴͷһۡ
ҵȵ취λӣ΢ӡǿҲܴ⣡
ŵͷʱЩ̾

ͷҲоͷۣ΢ӡĴ̫⣬ҪɳҪ̫֡
һֵõģֻҪλӳɳ
̾ӦҲֻһʱ䣬λĻߵλ˵þ͵ÿվˣ
ͷڣˣɫĮ
ͷĻλɫһ䣬ʱ
ȻϲԸ⣬ԸģֻҪһʱ䣬δд֮᲻Ը⡣
ǿԣǺ޲ëԼȥһǻߵλãϧǵвһЩ
֮ǰݵİ׷ˣʱʵһβ֪׼붯ʮ춴죬ʮһλǰ䵱ٴĻߣ
ƶҲһﶼǽڰ죬ʸСӻߵĲ࣬ɽĽʥҲп޸ĻԪӣҪȻǶüɵĳü桭
ͷĿƽ˵κһţʮǿߡ
Ƽ⼸λ̫ɫ䣬ֵȻҲп붯λ̫ˡ

ʱ̫ʷ¥Ԩ֪λ̫һĵڱ²ǰ̡
ԨѾҵĿܿҵһй΢ĴС
һᡶ̫΢˵
Ԩп˽Ϊ΢׸𣬲ἰ΢Ҳһʴ
ֻἰ΢ӡ֮΢ǹ⣬ʵѾλͬ񣬿΢ǹ֮
ھ΢ǹ⣬ȫûС
ѵֻܿԼ
ԨѭĵļѰҡ
̫ʷ¥鼮ΪԨ洫
һ
֮ϲһֱҪѰһϳ˽δת΢

Ԩִгһ뺵伮뺵伮֮һޱȵͼֻһԨǴпһޱȵĽԾ
ף̺ĪɱУ
Ԩз·𿴵һν趯âãѤޱȡ
Ũңʱʱֹ⻯ΣΪݺ᳤գ׽㷨ضϣͨء
ʱ˿֮Ի˼׽ڽ˿γɵ֮ڣȻ֮նɱ
ֲֿڣȻһϳ˽
ԨĿ΢΢һǺö
ȻѵˣԨҲǿм䣬Ŀ̫ʷ伮֮ϡ
ﻹ̫һ˵бʼǣš
йҵһֹݲأԨĽζ
Сռռˣ
̫ʷ¥棬ڣƼһֱȣȵϦ£ɫһŹ֣ЩΡ
ͨһ̫˽̫ʷ¥вģҲʱƵġ
ͨҪ¸ֵȼĹѫ
˰һ죬
ϵʵ޷ֻڿڣԨг
̫ϧˣȻչݱյô磡
ԨЩᣡ
ԣλƲһԱߣѾչһʱһƬڵĹݣ⣬Լʷ⣬ɫڣǿйر˸š

̫ʷ¥ԨϵЦһ̫ʷ¥֮УȻûҵ΢ֱӷţǶ΢ȷһ൱ʶ
˷΢֮ʱͷ
ϾǸݽ겣Ѿӵһ΢ıʣҵͷѧϰǼġ
֮⣬̫ʷڣĶһ֮˵ıʼǣ飬ԨڶȦ˵磬һʮ֪
ڴȦȦ˵ĿԽٲǸŪ£
ʵҲûŪ
Ϊ£δعнĹأͨȦλ˵ġء

оǼԦɽ֮
ҹУԨʱоеڣһ΢̥Ρ
Ǿ΢
һ΢ǹε
պֻҪ÷΢ǱԴԽԽǿֱζ
ȻڻûлΣѿã
ε̺΢Ʒ֮ܣ࣬˵ֶΡ
Ψһǣڻδɻ̥һ֮ɢȥ
Ҫ
ԨСԲ֮Ϊһ΢̥
΢̥ɹ֮ʹõĴӦӣ

뿪̫ʷ¥֮Ԩǰ乬
乬֮Уʱ䣬ԨһɭϢĹУΧѾճ˰׵ء
λ乬ܹػ˵֮ء
ʮǰ乬ܹܣһص̫࣬ص̫ڻ˳Զ
óԶ˳λӴȥ
̫ŻԷˡ
λܹڻʺļıδܹɹ
ϣֻҪ׷鵽ػϣδץסʺβ
ԨӴɨΧٵĹУѲκִ
ǻʹڣֻܹѾظֻת
Ԩ룬Աһ֮ǰ㣬Ϣȥ

ԭأԨߺ󲻾ãȴһͷޱȵĺèޱȴİͫ׶ѾյĲ㣬Ѿ꣬һҲֻʣһСأȴϨˡ
Ľ֮𣬺èӰת˲ʧ乬С

ʱɫѾرգԨӳȻѡ
óʺ֮ŵĽʿʹķС
ʱֵϣûΪҹĻĽ٣ָ塣
ʦҹУȻޱȡ
ʦΧҹУˮģߣֻǰС̯ĺܶࡣ
ҹĻ֮£æµ˵һԱҲѵûеķΣɢģӣźѣС̯֮ǰһݲˮǳЩ棬ģ;ʦҹ
Ԩ߹
ԨȻһˣԨܹоҶ̫һĵڰػ
ǿûʲôã
ԨȻһ·ǰߣǿӦڳ˻ʳ֮ʱ˶
һ·ǰУҵ̫½跨ߣǲס
Ԩδ
Ԩȷ⣬ֻ̾һ̯ġ
һǧСתˮţʱ߲ۣ֮֮ɫһš
뿪УһƬĽֵ֮ǰǣԨѾһλɫһŽѾվ˽ֵ룡
ڿԨʱĿתͷʵٴ
ԨףǱ
ȻһЦֿ̾γò׵һλ΢ӡĻӣȴҪڻʳǽ£Ǿٹͬ
£˲ʧһɫ׹ʱԨͷ
Ԩ⣬Ц⻰ʹЩˣ
Ȼֻ˲䣬ɫˢıˣֻɫ׹Ԩͬţ뺣һ;Ϊ׹⣬ͬ׺ƣ
׷
ʱ׷ڼϣ֮


135 
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Ϊ̫һԼӸģԨڰ;֮󣬷αװʳе̽ӷ١

ӸУƻͨ
ʺ֪һԤıĴɱɫŭޱȡ
Ӹոһλӣ˴ɱʮԵΪ
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136 ʦ
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Ӹʺ룬Ǿ鹬һУӣԼλʳȫ

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λִƹ
ִʱֻҪһ٣ܹڶoƽЩš
Щ츣أʵʵԼУıӣ
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λУܹоõټҺͻʺƫٴݹ׼ҹǰٴУλʵ߿࣡


137 
ٴԨ֪˻ݹ⣬ΪԾ
һ֮󣬻ݹ˵⡣
Ĵڣƻͨһͬ硣
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ԨλϣЦ
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ݹ任۵ײʣʵǸԸ
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ͷչ䣬Զ徹ϼأǧ
ԨĿݣɽһ·ǵһο
Ŀһɺޱȵϡ
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˿΢Ǿ


138 »
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ԨɫЩǷһؿؾʿ
ﻹʿ룿
ʱȴδ⣬Ȼȫ֮ϡ
ԨˣƬ̣ҲѧŬ۲ֱ仯ƬҲ𽥸оһ˿ͬ


139 ΢Ǿ
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ΧܵÿɽĲƣһԨ
ĿУԨۣͬ΢Ǿһǰδеϣ
ұҲһϴһ㻪ͷԴԴ˻ۡ

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ʱԨ֮ǰ·ͯ׷һͷ׺״ǰԨ½סͯ
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ԨɫΪһͷһᣬͷȻЩǡ
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Ϊ΢Ǿų̫ˣҲҪһѣ


140 
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ֻһغϣ֮ǰĵЫʱͷĸʳ


141 ˮ
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Ԩûзƺˮ׵ԩǡ
Ԩݶ˷ڻӴ߶֮¡
Ķ˷ı仯
ƮƮ˷ƺڻƺһȻȪ֮š
ڶƺԩܵȻȪŻûС
һͷ
תɽ֧սһĻҲߺһ
ͷĳ֣תͩɽһսĴ֡
һпɽ񸫸⿪ٵأ֧ɫ䣬ǰֻǿɽ񸫸С׭ɢ⡣
飡
֧Ѫαĵɳȥλһ⣬ν˰ɡ
ɶ񣡡
֧ɫѿǱɽɭȻβס
Ǳɽȫ嶡ɽ츫Ƭ̺Ϲս
ǿҲֵס޸
ͷؽʧܣ
֧ȻЩʡ
δڣͿɽϻǰһͷɽǰȵ
֧Ҳǻƺа֪˳֮УֹˮѾ죬Ȼû΢ǾҲӰһ;
Ů˵㣬ҲҪ̫⣬ǵûн
ƺˮһ壬ƾ壬ΣֻǸʼ
֧ӽɫ˫ƽ˫дһ˿м
ͩɽһսѾʧܣֱѹѳɶ֣һսѾûҪȥˡ
ӻ֣ԱŽǷ˱źţ֧ûƺ
ֻ뿪֮ǰȻǿһǷڵķб˸
ŮüͷһĻȻܹ֧ͷˮֶΣҲһס
ѹͷƺ񣬻ӣЩ׼
ţһɫ֣ʱһûͩɽ£׶ס·ӿˮۡ
ס·ˮۣΧʱ𽥱û
ʱˮķӣ취Χˮ
ȡһɫϢɫת̰Ӱͬʱֿһ֧ǰķԴ󱻴ء
֮ǰѾΧˮƣԼɽƣÿԸһ顣
ɫ⽵٣׳ۡ
һɽ֮䣬̵Ļ֮أɫ⽵£ƺһȣ

ڶoһĻǴܹ裬ʼɱһδü˵ħ
ԨǰõķʹķoҲԻΪһͷȻСһŵȸ
ǽҪ֮ʱצ˺ѽ

ʱգſ񱩵棬ͬһбƬƬˮ廯Ϊɻңǿӡ
ԨŰƬ̣ɫתαԻ΢֮
ƣϵ糱ˮûͷħۣǰȥ鷳
ͷŰĻڶħǵĿֲӰ졣
΢תԨЩӦһĸоͷ
ԨѾܶμᶨģɾδһᳬԽЩģ壬ɢȥȻЩᣡ
ʱһƧĽ䡣
ٴδ򿪹ģʱͷޱȣƵĻѾ˲õĻɫ
ģʹýһ棬Ƿ
棬ͨ൱
Ԩɫɣ˼ۣЩЦݣ
ԹǿֲħҼ͵Ŀס
Բȸһ
棬԰Ѿβ𣬺ħںˣ
֮ǰԨһֱģںϺħ;β֮󣬻ȾħϢ˻һ棬ħϢ
һԶսԨֱںϣʱÿһǿбҪ
ȡںϣ
ͷһɫ֮ת˲ûе
е﷨УΪһС棡
컯ǳɫתȫһůձա
Ԩ̧ģһޱȵ֮ϡ
Եڻ͵ĽһУƷ뵤ҩ
صΪʺƵҩ֮һ
Ԩע⵽ϣǵ΢
ƺںһ΢ǻ
΢ǻ΢ıԴҲһܲ档
ںϣԨһơ
ˣ
Ż﹦ģʧԻ߶ĻȪŻҲȻСΪһŰƴСĻƷԨϡ
ƴСĻƷʱӨ͸ʯһ㣬һŨޱȵ徻Ͼ⣡
ͷҲ
ԨǰöƴСķϲɫ
˷Ѿ˽ıԵ˻ƺԩֻ֮ǰµĳγԸ˷ݻһ̺Ȩ
ĵѾȫ㹻ˣֻҪԨȥ֮Լܹ
Ԩ֮ڣͬʱŹģϱǵĹ£Цݸβס

ʱ򣬻ƺѾ½ƽϢڶħǱһoɱѹһģƴشѡ
ֻߣϼɢ
ϼУܿټΪ칦
ԨλСȻҲ֮ϣԨڴеĴȻҲΪ棬ֻԨܵģʱ칦ǿ߶ˣᱻߡ
ײĻһǿߡ
ӴĶˣ¶ǱȻġ
Ԩѡ뿪

ڽƺΣԼŶ֮£Ԩûм룬ⳡսУԨҲõҪϢ
ԨƼһλˡ
ˮ˾ҲǵһԽŵ֮һ

ʦٴ
ʱٴȷЩɧңʯϲżյϢĻһҲЩż
ٴͻȻʧһˣ
ټʺܲǡ
ⳡ粨ܿƽϢ
Щʱٴٴγ֣ɧҵľʦƽ
ʳлʳ˾ǰ˾ţ࡭ڶͷĿ˿
ǴδɱѾǼɹٷһδɱҲͲøˣͷɴñס

Ȼֻʧ߰˸ʱ
ʳǵĽֵϣԨλ˵֮£˻ʳ֮С
޶ʧôãȻټʺ
˵ǣԨѾˣ
Ȼʵʵ˵
ؿ߻þĴڶڻʺ󣬻һԣӦòʲôܣ

ӸУʺѾһʱ䣬Ԩݼʺ֮󣬱ǽʱһ޾ϸ˵ȻҲǼӹ֮ĳƷ
Ԩἰ񵽡һͭɫС̳ؿ߻þʱʺɫΪһȷû̫ྪȣȻҲ֪ؿ߻þڡ
ֻʺĻϧؿ߷ֵ޷ȻԨУȷǻԵ档
ʺһֱԨĽ⡣
Ԩἰǽˡ㻯šϹç磬ûʺΪ졣
Ԩ˵˵ǣֻ˵ڻƺ֮ϣȺľ׳ۡ
Ԩ˵꣬ʺףԨ֮ǰǸͭʵصС̳þ
ʺԨգ
ԨһȴʺĽ˵
ʺɫЩҡ˵ģûоԾŵ¼Уؿ߻þȷʮգô겻ûӵܣǻʼӵУܹ߳ʮһ
ҲĲңؿ߻þļֵ෽˶ԣֵ޷ģȫ˷ˡ
˷𣿡
ԨĿһ
˵ʺɫһ࣬ĿԨ˵ʶĸ֪ҲһЩзΪ̫ҵĪҪԳԣþ˸ǿޱȵĴڣĸϣðա


142 ̯ˣУ
ǧ֮ã
ʺɫΡ
λʶƺϲܰرܴ
ԣԨȴ
ĸģԱڼЩ£ĸ󲻱صǣ
˵ţԨ¶ŵЦݡ
Щ£ؿ߻þ֮󣬿»ЩħһڳԵģ
ʺ󷴶ˡ
ӵϵ΢󣬶ԸѰ֣Ϭ쳣
ԸħЩ׽ˣ
ʺɫΪ⣬Ԩɫһ
ʱչ¶һЩ
ȻԺܻʧȥһЩɣ黹ܻŪɳ׾
ԨɻɣʺԺɳһo
ʺ󵽵ǵġ
ϾͶ˿ǻʺĵã
Ԩ룬ȻʵĸǿǺˣ
ʺԣʶʲô
Ԩûʺһ˫ĿȻ˫
ǽߵʺҲ˫һܵһɼǿԨŶϹӳգ쳣ա
ԨʺԼԼܵһ
ĸ㹬ӦһλǿڣΣ
ǶܹһĸǷܹŶбԱ
ԨЦЦ
˼ԡ
̯ˣǸУ
ʺʱҲɫ㵣ɫأԨ¶ܵһɼѹ
ѹһִ
ԨܱЩѡĻߣҪǿһ㣡
ⲻʺɴ󣬲ʵ
ʶĵеǵһ
Ԩ΢΢һЦʺһʮֿ϶Ĵ𰸣
磡
ȻĵоܴĿǰʵʵ
磬ֻܴʵıɽһǣ
ɽһǣҲʺΪԾ
ôôǿ
ʺоЩ߸
΢ĻӣУ
Ի֮޳磬ôλã
ԨֻЦЩ껹ЩһֱΪ˵Զ˵·Ϊ׼򣬶еûôĸǣԸ⹫У

˻
ûô;͵磡
ʺǰλУţݵĻӣһ˫Ŀޱȸӵɫ
ԨģʺǽгӸеһλ
ˮƽ̣ĻʶȻģһĵаɣ
£ԨǿſڣһӰſ˽
飬һǿĴڡ
Ǳˮµ˵ĴڣĿԨοһۣͷ˵
ٴ£ҵƲɣ
ԨһɨλԷһɾޱȵǿὣ⡣
һλޣ
뵽ʺλĳƺλʵݣԶ
ˮɵƽˮӣ
ȷһλзǿߣ
ˮҪطԨʱڰ˵ô鷳ֻҪƱǬ󣬱ǱΣ
Ԩ֮Ϻڰ׶ݺᣬûǬԾ
Ц䣬ԨһףǬԾա
ټڰ׶ջñ䣬̫ǣԣ
ŻתΧ޳֣ÿһŻ̺Ũޱȵˮɽ
𣬻Űһĺ
ֻ˲䣬ӸһƬİС
ǻ֮Ǭɷɻʵû޼⣬һݻܡ
ǬԾһƬǬأʵʵԷֱ档
ڼԨڰʩչǿͨǬԾеȷǺ档
ˮҲʶ֮ˣǬԾо󣬶ʱ֪˴οаʤˡ
ȻҪһԣ
УȻ൱š
ǱʺҲмʶģֱ仯ʺʱҡҡͷֱֹˮӡ
ˮ£öˣ㲻ǻʶĶ֣ʶѾһǳʥ
ǿߣȷǳƵϼǿ
ܹóʥݵģһǼǿ
ʺʱóʥԨǳ˽ģ̧ԼĶӣ
ͬʥǿߣ
ˣôɽǿ߲ô׵ĳˣ
ˮΪһʺµ飬Ǻ˼ֻһ˫ţΪЩս֮⣡
Ԩ΢΢һЦиո̽ʱû
ˮɵĽʮǿ󣬵ǬУȴǺзӳأټ߶棬ܹܿλˮӡ
ʺȻһۿǬǿᡣ
ʺʱһ˫صԨ˵
ʶĸˣû뵽ĵо˳ɫˣ
ʺ˵ţȻ𶯺ͻϲ
ǶФصУĸǣ
Ԩʱû̫ĵ⣡
̯֮һ
ʺȴչЦһݣʶһĺܺãӦõģڱԼҪţԺҲҪôˣ
ʱʺλʶĲˣ
˵չʾȻλʶϱԵ컯
ǡޱλĸ
ʺͷˣ
ͬʱԱߵˮͻȻҧָһֻģƶˮ£Եģزй¶ӸţΥıú
ˮģԨһλȣµԷ
ʺĿ⺬ЦɫΪֻ֮ǳԨܵ
ʶλˮĸĹѣĸԭˮƽĻߣڿ²ˡ
˵ʺҡͷɫЩݸ
ԣԨһԱ߰Ůޣ˼Ƭ̣ͻȻĸʵǾãˮƽʮֺΪĻߣ
ΪΣ
ʺһ˫´ԨλʶǲǴĶˣˮӵע⡣
ˮӵȷʮƯǺųʮһˣ
λʶǺɫ֮ͽ
ɫ֮ͽҲûһ־أ
ˮӴʱҲ̧ͷüޱȵĻӡ
ԣԨЦڲҪߣֻҪһλԻˮƽǸѡ
ԨȷҪһλߡ
⻤߲ǱİȫԻ
ԻЩĻħ
ȻҲǶס̫һ֮˵ͣûΪѡһλߣ
΢ӡûл߻ɳ
λӵܣһ΢ܳӵܣлߡ
ǴΣ߾ĴɣҶлߣ
ʺĿ΢΢һʵˮӵȷǺܺʵĻߣҲһ
ˮò̫ãһλֵഺٵĻߣʺЩǡ
±
ʺӻ֣ʾˮӿȥ
ˮΪһȻڹʧ
ܵĳҲС
ĸǹʺҲͰˣλĵУʵЩԼǲ̫ƽӹ

ӸУ̯֮ĸӶ˹ϵȻǸһʺٲѯʣԨԴΪ̽ɣڴʷ洫Բİ
һжƵδ֪ı仯ϼɣ
ںƬ֮Ԩǵؿ߻þĴڣʵ
ĸ󣬶һʣ
ʺĸӣֱ˵ɣعĨǣ
Ԩµĸ󣬷ԣӵܺͻӵҲвٽؿ߻þǷþ䣿
ʺЦȷ٣ҲûеĶ࣬þޱȣʱԱӦѾ
Ԩͷһ£ƺֻһ첻
Ϊĵط
ʺĿп֮ɫ
෽֮ˣħ֣񶼶֮ͣʿУʵǰԪ֮ϣܵõһöؿ߻þƽ׶౦ʱ䡭
ﻹĿǰûе
ֻؿ߻þ̫ϡǻԵ£Ե֣
ԨЦ
֮ǰЩǣþ̫࣬鷳Ҵ壬Ұ֮ڵؿ߻þлĳЩ߸ңǴ
ԣʺƲһԨЦʶʵĵǲ޵㻹̫С˻ңұɱеҪǿܲһҵѲκɽضҪǿ󣡡
ԣԨס
ʵǵǻþ̫ࡣ
ʵþԽ࣬ôԽѼٶȷԽ졣
εؿ߻þľоþеĺô
ԨžԵţδɾôҲͣЩеĴҪ
Ԩʳһһֱ²е⣺ĸôЩؿ߻þԺδĵطӦò޶
Ͳ֪ˣÿһþĳ֣ڵУʯУһЩһЩ֮ء
ʺҡҡͷɫҲЩ£
ֱ仯ʮǰֵģؿؾҲؿ߻þ
ʵģҲõģ˵дֵؿ߻þ˾޴ĺô
Ҳдˣ
ؿ߻þ˸ָĴգ
ԨԶʱЩʧͷЩ²⡣


143 
ԨڲţЩþǻ֣ʱ£
ı仯̫ˣ
Ԩʲôѣ
һжֻǲ²⣡
Ԩûֻ̫࣬бǿٶȹ죬ٴı仯ҲԸ

ĸӶ̸֮䣬ԨڻҵʵҲһӡ
Ŀǰʵȷǿջʳo֮⣬һ̫һԼһǿߡ
̫һλ棬ŶǼǿĴڡ
ἰλ棬ʺ˵ʮޡ
˵ʮǰһսλλƷ⣬Ѿ䣬ش
Ϣǻвǿڲ²⡣
ɽз֮Ҳڴ̽ʵ

ٴУԨص֮ۡʱѾǵڶ硣
ʺԨȥʱ򣬻⣬ں͹ټ֮󣬾Ԩڹ֮ڣסһҹ
ڶϣԨл
Ӹ밲ĸ·ֻʱʺ
ʺҲѣ
·УصĪԼ
һʮ˵ׯдչһʣλ￴ʺϵá
Ԩλٴ˲ٹ
֮ǳǸС΢ʺսսģǸʮŮˣʮηʺϡ
˱ʺʶ֮ʺ󻹴ԨԼ빬Ķ˿̫󹬣̫밲
̫Ǹ̫̫ﲢ࣬λ빬Ҳֻ˼䡣
ԨӡУϴµ̫ӰЩ
ʼһ֮Ԩõرλ̫߶Ƶ̫յʡ͵ĵƣ

ٴУԨ¶ϲ쳣үڸۡ޶ʧɰǼˡ
ǿʧ٣ǿѲ˸ϵ
鷿ڡ
Ԩڽеɣʱã
̫ʦϣԨ̯ģģٴγ֣ʱģѾ˻ɫ
µģδѡ
ֻŹģ·б޴󹦵֣Ԩֹסϲɫ
һǧС
һз֣Ԩķ
򹦵£ʹ̫Ӵˣ
֮ǰæôãССĹ¼Ҳ֣
ˮȷǹ
ãֻǲСˮֻһá
ϧˣʱԣʱԣ˻ᣡ
ԨЩϧȥ֮ǰԸ³֮빦Ϊȡ΢Ǿݣ
Ӧÿ¸һЩȻҲв֮գ
Ͼ﹦ģֻһΣ
ʹģ֮ܲЩǰٴʹüģ塣
ֻη˻ᡣ
ҲǴջ񣡡
Ԩ㣬ûжź
֮ϣԨСԺú÷һ¡
Ĺ¿ʵƩԼǬԾ

УԨڶ᷿ڣʼ˱չġ
һߣ⸮ȴƽ
Դ֮󣬻ݹͷ⸮߶ΪȡǺ
⸮֪죬ϰֶԲ۵Ļݹܱ⣡
λ⸮֪ӦĽ磬ûбݹõѵ跨ݹƵ˽λĸĹ˴ܸС
˳ûݹ֪ڿ⸮ˣûκǰ;
֤֤ڣýˣԼƸ飬ϼҴ֤Ѿ֤۾ϣͣȢ㿷ͼɱС
Ϊ˹˼ʼ棬Ȼѡ󣬲

ۡʱŵƽʣַǷľֻĿ䡣
ڹУǰ;δݹſڰʹʧ
ǽ֦Ҷܹί
Ҳֺݽɫ
ԱŮɫҲЩһĻΪݹŮ˵δҲض֮ˡ
ѣۿźĻݹ壬δʲôǰ̿ԡ
Ƭ̣Ϫ̲סڣо仰֪
µ񣬻ʲô˵ģ˵ʲô˵ɣ
ݹ涣ĿˣΪ澵ϪҲǲ⣬ٰ㲻ǣȷӰ
ͷϪ˵ӾٴЩطû˵µֻйܾү
΢΢һ٣ϻݹɫɫ䣬ϪæֵⲻͷֻټҺͷ
Ϫί񣬻ݹȴϪе˼
Э
ݹɫˢϪü˳ۣ´ʱŭݹ
һλݹվ侲˼
ɫ仯ϸ룬һʼλʵܵķӣô顣
鷢ֵڣһԴĽ
̫͹ˣԭΪŹټҳ谮ܹѹ°ӣܹ뵽ȫвԼǰ̾ʹûˣ
ݹδֲµɴñԱ
ʵ˵Ķԣ
ݹʵûӣҲȷֻЭܾȳ
ͷ˾ݹǾнҪ붯̫
̫̫棬Ҳ̫ţ
̸С
ЭݹȻж
үݹͷʼһڶ
үʱ򣬳ڻݹһжġ
˵Ļ
״Ԫ֮ӭȢ֮˭˵赺ϣͯŮ
ĵϱϴ覴ãڻԣӡ
ǣݹ
úõ绨죬ǿвɢһеʼٸ߾
ڶã̫æȳ֮󣬻ݹ飬ƭǩֻѺԴ򿪷⸮֤ס
Ϊ˳ͽݹװȣһһŮ
ˣ㻻½⣬ÿ⸮ˣ

֮ȴһȻԴڹ
λŮͷݹѳ֮󣬹Ȼڣͬȥ봺á
һһŮһһ˫׵ͯΪˡ
ۼһ˫׵ŮݹŰٴνϿ⸮
Ҫһ˫Ů
˴ȴֵÿ⸮з

ٴۡУԨٴγڻǱݹǿѰġ
ݹ޿ǰ״
ʵܣʽһʵûʲô취ˣǰȫ˼棬ΪԼ֮ҪնĽһҪʽ⣡
ڻ֮ڣݹ滨ꡣ
λϣԨֻܺȲ裬ڳ֮ʱĹܼѾȥ
Ԩڶλʽȫһͬ顣
µ񣬳³λʽҲѴ̣
Ѿȡ½⣬οҪ֦ȥŰһ˫ӡ
Ӻι
ҲǶһ˫ӱĥȻֶҿڣݣԨҲǲϲ
ھݺ֯ĸˣҲܼԣѾٴõ˹α֤ݡ
һݼǰ©ݣϿ֮Ļؼ飬֤˳״Ԫ֮ʱδޡ
Ҳ˵ȷ۾ϣͣȢ㿷ףǸҲ岻ТĶ
£Ԩв룬һƬ̧ͷݹ˵
ʽ㣬һжѾˣѹʽҪƴô£һãǻʼ𣬸ҲҪɨأ
򣬲ǻʵܾȲǸҲĲʿҲŹǲòɱ
Ԩɫƽ취ȷ棬Ϊݹƨɡ
ԹʥͳĸѪͳʥ
ʥ֮ӡ
ʥĹ⻷ڣ൨ԱŻĴ澴ηǶʥʧȥ˾ηͳĸͻᶯҡ
ΪƵƵϲָΪǿλĺϷԡ
λͻᷢңʲôаʿƻ󣬺ң
ʥӱɱΣ񲻵ڹټһԲűɱΣ
Щ̰Ҫ죡
ݹٴвûеõҪĴ𰸣ܿȥֱ빬׼ʺ
ڻݹȥ֮Ԩ˹ܼңԸһ֮һŵӸ¹ʥӢԨʺģ

ڣڻݹȥ֮ԨŻ鿴ڱ仯
ʱν治С
еڣʱöط׭ҫź
ö
˷Ʒ
˷ǴڽıԵ˴εڽƺԸȫ˷УԽΪһö
ƷƷĽ򵥲٣Ԩ㻨һС
ԣǾ޴ģ
˫
˷ܹݻȪŻɹأƹһǿߣ
ǬԾ
Ԩ֮ϣڰ˸ǬԾ֮㣬һƵ
˱õƹ¹עƷЩ
Щǿûгֵľ֣Ҳܹ֪ȷܱǡ
΢Ҳ˳ɹ
Ԩܹ΢ѾΣһ΢Ľ̥
̥νǣһ֮Ҫÿһܹʹõļ޳ϡ
΢һֺǿɱ


144 Ԩı
΢̥֮ǰõγһʮõɱС
תĵд߶ѰҲᱻֱԪ
΢̥̺΢Ȩ
oԪŷǷɱ
Ԫϵĵˣ
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ڶ˷ʱˮɽת
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ֱ˻

ǲǸںϾβ뺵ħ棿
Ԩűݹϵ˼
β
ħħ
涼ʮǿܽɱС
ܷ񽵷ֲֿħ
룬ԨǾݻڵѾ㹻ǿ
ǿںϣһܹøǿ

Ӹ
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ԣݹɫһܿɫЩ̿֡
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ΪɶԻ׹ݵ鷸ƣҪһʼԲ壬˵ɱӣףʵΪӣĸȥ
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ʱǴһԣһϮɫǰ޷ϸŷ٣ϴһС׻һطһδ˵Ĵ磬նҲǴһεڵء
ۿųնʹֹ

Ϣ֮ܵ𶯸ĻЩ׹ݡ
ҳԱ࣬ʦϵȨµ䣬˵ʦٶʼһЩݹϵ
ݹϵͷԹټͣȷû̫ľη֮ģǻڴıԵ
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廹ˣұɱΣı

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ǰտȿ˵ȷһֱհҪĸĸ٣ΪϷжԴ˵Ŀޣʵ飡
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Ŀһ˼ҲǴ֮ˣֻǴ漰˵ʧ֮ģûпƣ
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ʱ繫ϣڵĹټҲעķ紵ݶ
ɲùټҲ⡣
ټҲһЩ飬Ƕڻ棬ȴǿ쳣֮ء


145 ټԯ
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ټңū澴ˣʦУ޲ޱʥţ
ʱղ֮϶Цݣ·ǳһջһ㡣
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δѣҵ׷
ΪԼ˸ָ˲ţЩӦڱİһѵʺҲ޻˵
Զԣ˿Ǳ߾ҪǱĶࡣ
аԵ·ҲæµһӣܴЩ

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ԨϣлʲôԯƵϹ˻ʣֻлһ˻ʸ򣬱ò

ʦݺĽԯʥڽУһ֮¡
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ĳɢ˶ڵĺİޱȵĶڣҲ
Ԩע⵽ΧĹѨĶڣޱȵʯɣ絶һ㣬ÿһ鶼˿Ϸ졣
ŮһֱĬԨֻǿĹģҲǲоȡ
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ӣǺ˵ޣֹģӦòѰУֻﻹ齩ʬ
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ʣ
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ŮҪ֣ȴԨЦǣֻǼ򵥽ưˣ
ֻԨ̧һֻ֣һ߲⸡֡

߲ʹâ籩УǴ籩һ羲ֹŨһͷͷֲɽȡ
һͷͷСһĹצŨܹ˺ѹ֮塣
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ЩɽȻþʧԶᦳ֡
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ԨһΧþ֮⣬Χ˿˿Ʋɫ
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ЩСȻɣûɱǼͷҲˣ
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Ѿǿƻˣ
Ԩóֵ˵кǿɹ
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˵𣿡
ʱԨĿʯڵķ򣬴ʱʯ֮ϻڶಿ䳯ܲͼڶԶŲһãԯǰڲ乲־ɳǣƺ֮ǰ
ҲԯƵۻ¹սħξսȵıڻڶ±
ԨȴδЩڻϵĸ
Ǳڻ·֮ǰʯ
ʱʯ֮޴ʯ񣬻Ÿᣬǳͭ޽Ǳ񴸣Ҫôǻꡣ
ʯʱҲҲ̶ãӿݣмϵͷ­Ԩм
΢ǾĪҪڿҵȣ㻹ٽʥ꣬նɱЩôʥ


146 ɣ
仯ʵʯϸֳһɫѿһŭ֮ɫ
񽫿ĺܲң
ˣԨɫȻЦ
λˣƶɲʲô΢Ǿ
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ֻΪ׵λֳ񸫵񽫣˵
λ΢֮㲻΢ǾҲضǻ֮ˣ±Ϊʥ棬ȻѪѵܹʥޱð
ԣԨɫλԲһƶԲӣ˵Ƿ˴ƶΪλֲʧλѵͲ׼ʾ
λ񽫺зңҲҪа취ҵǣ
ԨĿ̧
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ԣһλoæǵΪѹɽ֮ҵƵʮž֮һʮž󲿷Ѿ٣Ψ䷲ףʹһҲǱһžʥ֮УѹĹľ飡
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Ϊ΢ǾԨ֮жһܴơ
ԯʥڱ鲼Ũƣڶżѹƣ΢ǾȻ

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ˮԼսɱħԼƺӻˣͬԾȵĹ¡
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ԨſտҲʯףɫһ˿졣
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ֻǲ߽ʯ֮ڣԨʱɫˢһ䣬ֻʯ֮һŨޱȵʬȻһ㽹ƵĿֲϢ
ֲֿϢԨİ
ɵʬɣ
Ԩ˫ʯ֮ڣɫ˲üѿɫٴУ


147 ΢ɨ
ֻħſϯųޱȵϢ
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ħ棬ͬ𺣣Ŵ
ԨſϸȥǲǺɣֻһͶӰʯſӿ
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ԨתǷš
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ԨɫƽۼʯŽϵĺӰ̤ʯ֮ڡ
ʯұʯң˲١
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ͷ֮ǹתǺ͸񷶥Ͷ䣬ž͸Ө񷶥Ϊһ塣
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µһʱ䣬ֻᱻע
ɴһ㣬ԨԿ
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ԯʥУһЩλoҲĽС
ʯұ򿪵ͬʱԨע⵽ΧĹа֮ӿ
λoԣĹԯʥһļ֮һ
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Ԩֽǵı壬һ֮µĺףϤ΢С
Щ׶ǰ֮Ȼãױջ۵Ѿ˱൱
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Ҳûƣֻͷ΢ǹo̫ǿᣬֱ룡

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ԨӴ֮ǰλ񽫣ͿɽزҲڵõϢ֪΢ǾʥһɨʥеħʱҲо
΢Ǿ·ǰѲǵ̫˥ˣ


148 
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ڴʱȴһ⻪΢ǹԶת˲֮һλ۵oԶֳһ⣬˫Цӯӯ


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պ޵ͬʱļ٣ǺܵλλǾ׷

ʵϣ˵ĵǺеģԨѾǹΧһ۱ǿ˴һŵͷħ


150 
Ԩ΢ǹʱݼС
ں߲ǧ򻯣ۼαװһ
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צץ綾ƿβצͿɽزݺ£Ũȷ硣
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151 ΢Դ
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ջħħ⣬ɢܣѾԶԶԱߵ޵ԼͿɽز
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һͷڻ֮ǰĻХ֮


152 Ǵ͸Ȩ
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Ͳ΢ǳǹĹؽ
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ת˲֮΢ӱԾǧϻԨڣ΢ȨɲǼ䱩һأ
ͬʱ֮ϣһ˫ס
Ƭ̴Цʧϡ


153 ޲
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һ΢С
Ԩһֱ΢϶Ҫع΢ǣ΢
ĿǰȻѾӵ΢
֮ϣһ΢ǹչһޱȵ΢ǹɨգ֮ǰ۵ǹ⣬ǿֹ
΢ǹ֮ϱ仯ʱΪƣʱΪһ⣬ࡣ
΢ǹĲٿأҲõӦ֣
ǿĵط壡
Ԩʱ΢ǹ⣬΢˲䣬жʱһɸߴ֮Ũɫơ
΢תӵżǿķ
һȭ΢պɨɫɨգһۡ
ԨеȵģĻָ
ܹ֪ʱתĺʵ
Ҳܼȡ΢ǹ⣬ٻָ
Ӧͬӵе
Ԩͷ²⣡
ԨϤƬ̣ʱ΢֮
ֻӵһ֮ĻԶԣӦȱݣ
Ԩֱ۵ʶ
ֻӵһֻҲĵ·֮ϣɳһ󲿷֡
Ҳһ֡
ֻҪɳҲǴܼǿߣһһĴܣ
ǰ;һƬ
Ԩʱ۵˸һ˿Ũϲɫ
Ϊ΢ǾҲһͨ
ʿӬӪΪһѾ̤żβΪ֮е衣
ǵüӿۣ΢ǱԴеȨռ΢Ǵ󲿷Ȩ
һǾ΢Ǿȹڡ
Ԩѹͷϲ
ȨףֻҪ΢ӡӡתִӡ磬΢ӡ䳹΢ӡУܹ΢Ǿ
΢Ǿ


΢ӡֱӽ΢ۣǼ΢
Ԩ
Ϊ΢У̫δ֪
һ΢ôģ
֮⣬Ԩӵģ΢֮΢ҪȳУֱɱ䣬ȥ
ѵʱ̫࣬

ǹ⣬ȺͿɽزϾŮǹо޴ı仯
ߵǹ𣬹άһתϢľ޴ɫǳ
΢ǡ
Ǿǹд
Ϳɽز֪΢ﱩǣľ󣬾ϲ֮ɫ
λ΢ǾбѾ˿ֲлԵֻǿ
ϾŮ˵ֻһ˫ˮɫĿͷɫǹ⣬ɫЩɡ
ʵϣǵϾŮҲЩŹ֡
Щףλôͳ΢Ǿ
òչһ֮һжˣ
ϾŮȻǰȦˣҲ֪Ǿλ֮硣
ἰǾһ뵽ǾǾ΢Ǿĳ
΢ǳ̧Ƭȴһɫ⻪ǹзɳʱΪһ΢ˡ
ʣŨ΢⣬䡣
ߣǽʥ㣡
ǣǾ
Ϳɽزֱǹɺ΢΢΢һ䣬æͷ
ϾŮֻǾٲԨ
ʥھǹĲԶ
һĹֱӽʥ㡣

Ȫصأڤ֮ȷ⡭
ʥ㣬ԨͿɽزϾŮǬŲƽ߳ΧһƬˮ̶Χ
ǰһƬˮ̶ˮ̶ڴʱޱȣϢ
λ񽫵ָ㣬ʥʯĹһƬˮ̶֮ڡ
ˮ̶̶ˮ峺λԣ̶ˮ·һˮȪۣɵ֮ˮͨԯʥ꣬ɷˮѭĲ֡
ˮ̶·ƣ֮ǰλoʥ֮ǰҪ׽ˮ̶Χ
ζ
Ԩʱһ˫ɨΧʯңˮ̶ϡ
ѾȪ֮ˮȾһ˿Ⲩ޷ӹλ΢Ǿ˫
蹬ڵ΢ʱ΢΢ˮ̶һĪ
ܹ΢ķ࣬ˮ̶·

Ǿˮ̶Щ飬ҵȻˮ̶ΧʯҰɣ
Ϳɽزռټյصˮ̶Щء
һıɢһס
ˮ̶è壬ʮΣգ
ȾˣȻ飡
ԨΪһЦͿɽزĿЦ߰ɣȥԱߵʯתһתЩ⣬Żȡһ֣ԯʥ꣬ΪѰЩһ챦һԵ֣
Ϳɽز˲Ŀһϲ
λ΢ǾǺܺ˵
Ϳɽزĵ׻Щɻ̲סѯʵǾǺһԵ֣
֪ܿˣ
ԨĿЦӡת֮΢ȨӣаĿҲͻĿƿʼ̤Ŀ磬ЩУܹһЩʵ

ʱ֮ԨͿɽزϾŮٴηأʱͿɽزѾһȨȡ
ȨȻȨȣһӾ貿нɻķ
һͷϺ貿ǿ߻ɱ֮󣬳ȡȫǣ
Ϳɽزϴϲ֮ɫԸȨȶ̫дȨ֣ȡҲ˼ϣ
Ȩ֮⣬ԨĹҲֻЩⷺԶȨȣԯʥԨûƽȡʥУȴԵ֮ˣ

ǼɣűˣǻħӦˮ̶Ҫˮ̶һУ
ǣӣ
ϾŮͷԯʥԼﲻλӣֻҪ׸ͺá
Ϳɽز룬ȴǾصмأصһ䣬죬ǾҪ£
ԨһͿɽزף»һûˮ̶

أûˮ̶Ԩʱоһɿǧĺ·ӿ
΢תٽɺų⡣
ƣ
Ԩʱδ⣬Ϳˮ̶ӿһִͽơ
ֽƺ΢Ļ֮ܡ
֮⣬ȾȪ֮ˮ
Ȫ֮ˮӵԪ͸մȾ
Ԩ֮ϣ׶γͼɽӶϡ
Ϊ˷ֹ;ԨȻǶɽӶʥ
Щ˱Ͽߵȣ
Ԩˡ
ɽӶһл޼תԯʥд󲿷ֽƣɽӶǰЧ
ֻˮ̶д֮⣬ݺύơ
ں̶ݻ޼Ǭ㾰½룬ǧ򻯡
ԨƼΣȡ˻ûǬԾ
ûܹƳþƣǬԾţܹƳơ
պ徭γƿɺݻŽƣԨԲѡ
ԨԯʥǿĽͨƣ΢ڴ󲿷ֲֿޱȵƣ˳ͨ
Ƭ֮󣬴Լˮ̶½ɣԨǰһ⡣
ǰˮ̶ʯ֮ǰһ޴ԭʼڡ
ʾħ
Ԩȴûмڽħ
ħ·ܵһǿҵĹ
ôӣ
ʥ·ֻۿɼ˿˿Ϻ·ɢ
ǵ㣬Ѿ


154 ɣԲȥ
طˮǲйǸԿʵ
ȥ
Ԩ΢Ⱪǣһ΢ǡ
΢³Ƭ̱ˮ̶ײ
ԶԶģԨһʮѰĹ
ĹΧ޽һʯʯԯת
һߴ̳
ˮףߴ̳Ǵʥɫʣ
ԨһӣƬɫǹ⴩ˮףˮ˰硣
Ԩſˮ׵ȫò
֮Ĺ
ԨĹġ
ʱɫΪɻ
ԨԺвûκйĸ
ָĳλǿߣָɴָԯʥ
Ĺģ󣬵Ĺϵġ֮ĹǰŽ׭ȴ棬ƺԯʥĺڣһĻֺ꣬Ρ
Ա߻һڹž
žĹ֮ϣīðŨޱȵϢ
žʱðޱȵȪ֮ˮ
˭䴩һڹžⲻΪѪ
Ԩν䣬ڹžϣ˿˿Ϻɢ
Ҳ˿ڣ
žͬŧԴԴȾ˺
ǱԯʥУʥڲľġ
ԨͷЩ²⡣
ԯʥһֱǷյģӦܹȥ
ԣ
Ԩת˲ͿɽزԵһǿߡ
޾ԣ
Щ츳ܹƹԯʥӡѾ͸ԯʥΧС
鼫٣
֮ԯڲľ飬o
Ԩϣǵһ֡
һ֣޲
Ԩϸڹž
ô޸ģ˿ֲŨȪ֮κһҪҪۡ
ԣûеѡ
ΪмԶȪ
ƩɽӶһУ޼תǿ
ɽӶȽϷ
Ԩ쿪ģһŻƷϡ
ʥʥĵŻƷ֣
˷
ֻŶ˷һâž
ת˲֮䣬ԨǿžϿðԴԴȪ֮ˮƽϢ
žŨޱȵû
˷ܹݻȪŻȫǻȪȪ۵Ŀڡ
ۻȪž֮󣬶˷ƷʻЩ
¡¡
ۻȪžʱЩ𶯣Ԩصϲޱȵ
Ƭ֮󣬹žΧĻȪ֮ˮʧ
˷һзɳԨ֮ϣӨ͸ʱһ徻ѵϡ
Χ˲ٵɫ·ͬȪɫ
ɻȪȪֻ֮Ҫ΢ĻȪȪۣܻһ˾ȪȨ
ץ֪ı仯Ԩдϲ
Ȫ֮ˮޱȣɱС
ֽڣԨ׼ȴпʱ䣬ĻȪȪۣ

ǰžŧȪȪۡߣžϺɫɳ˿Ȼϡ
¡¡
ʱžҲ𶯣ڲݣ⴦˰ֺϡ
ˣ
Ԩͬʱо΢𶯣ƺҲΪĸնе˷ܡ
УʱԨĿȥֻ֮ĹһɫӰʱɳȻһɫ⳯Ԩüķ
Ԩδܣ˫Ũɫ⡣
ķ
޲Ȼһ˿ϵټ΢֮ǣ
壬ʱ΢еľ޴΢ȥ
ԭѾͬɫһ΢ǵõɺ֮Ȼ̮Ԩ㵡Ŀ⡱Уȫڻ
Ϊһصͼ΢
һ̣
΢΢΢һһϹ͸գͼУͬ˹鶯ޱȵԨ΢ԪУ΢ԪüԻһؽɫСķġ
΢ӡ
ת˲Ԩĸڡ
΢ǵıԴӡӡĳִѾ΢ǱԴУ΢ǱԴһ΢
ֻҪö΢ӡ˾΢Ǿ
΢е΢
ԨҲЩȫ벻ô̵ʱ䣬ȻԽ⼸ΪҪżһ졣
ֻҪ˳ں΢ӡ˾΢Ǿ
סļԨƽԨо΢ǹĲٿشﵽһǰδеľء
һ֮䣬ܹǿ΢Ȩӵ΢ӡӵص
Ӧ΢ĴУֻϧû̾ȥ򣬳
ӿٶȣɨʥ񣡡
ţԨͬʱע⵽޲һŨƽڡ
ɹĿС

ħ
ԨϹٴγڴ֮ǰ
޲Ԩ˲٣ʣµľֻѰħ
Ԩһħķλħſڡ
ħſȻǱ鲼ƣ΢ǹ˸Ԩʱһ̤֮ħС
ħдʱޱȣԯʥУѵòûֺ꣬ҵһ
һʳڣ
ȥһűӣͭʱƣΧŲ̵ͭĺͭ¯
һֺޱȵϢ
ȻԨɫЩãһ˫ȥΧľ֮ڣԭӦʢžһر
ʱһȥڵѾƿرҲʧ١
һ
ԨĿΪһֻɨЩĿ˼
Щԯʥеı￴ȡһʱˣ
ǷñľϴʱҲ˲ٻҳ
ȡ겻ֹˣ
֤һ²⻹вԶԯʥеָϳ̫񽣣ţĵȴ٣ͭڽ
ֻе
˿ƻʱ䲻̫
Ǳ
ԨϧͷЩء˭ôײУЩȫŪӡ

ϸħѲһԨջһֻѡ뿪ħ
ǱħʧʼԨЩ뷨һʱٴνʥȫѲһ顣
ѳ˲ٶصľ飬̶һͷ
һͷͷηηƬڣнצ
ͷСޱȣԭ»ȪȪ۰һͷޣ˲֪ܵʲôţϳں̶Ľм
ԨЩ
ͷʵԨҲ
֮⣬δҵħڣǻħƺƾʧһ㡣

Ԩ²⣬ƻޱȵĻħѾĸȥˡ
ǲȥˣԨѾ׼ټ
ʥѾɨɾľرѾȡߣǻħԯʥҲһ

ʥһſڣԨ˳ʱٴμĴ񽫡
΢Ǿ
ԨͿɽزϾŮ߳æ
Ԩͷ׵λضʥ굱ƶѾɨɾλ񽫵صıʥʱ𷣣
Ǿ壬ǾҵȿҪⲻһ鷳
Ϊ׳Ÿoϸˣλo϶ٺÿһЩֳָoͿɽز֮ʱɫʱЩ仯
Ǿɷ񽻸ҵȷ䣿Ⱥԯʥ꣬ﲻСҵҪ̩ɽ䣡
˵ţoͿɽزŭĿӡ
֮ǰͿɽزڶǰʰһ٣˳λ񽫿ɶš
ԣͿɽزɫ䣬ֻ۵׻һ˿¶ʲôʲô
Ⱥԯʥ꣬ȷǲС̩ɽĻڣ
ͿɽزĿⲻǰӰֻϣλǾܹ˵˵ôҲҪ顣
ԣԨ˫Ϊһ˵²Уͷаţ
ٶͷԯʥҲ;֪նɱеƣȻЩﲻһֵУλ񽫲Σ
ԣλ񽫶һۣʵͿɽزɴС
Ҫͷ֮
΢Ǿ飬ǵòӡ
£ǳŸoҲˣǾϣΪ֮
˵꣬oԨ빰һ񣬻ĵûʯС

ǾӸм
oȥͿɽزȨȣ̲סϥٴΰݵڵء
ԨһͿɽزɫ䡣
Ҳ߰ɣУȥúùܽӵܣҪǣһ嵱ˮҲд󹦣壬ҪΪа֮أ
ǣǾӽ̻壡
Ϳɽزٴһݣһǳĳ⡣

Ԩȴǻӻ֣ϾŮֱӻϹȥ׼طʦ
һԯʥջ񼫴󣬻ȥú
ǵõʥ֮΢ӡˮɵ顣
ʥ֮⣬Ŀ΢ǾȥͿɽزΪпҲ׼ȥֻ·;ȴǼ˻Թȥ·ĺ㡭


155 ΢Ǿ
⸮Ĳ
Ĳǿ⸮һ֮һڿ⸮ĲԶ
磬Զȥһտ⸮ѵϾ뿪⸮΢˽ãѲ硣
Ĳص֪һƵһ׽ʿ
ͻҲǽԺãȻ
ٵ֮ϣĻŹţߵĹٵϣٵԱʮɾǿӿӣϹٴС
вϾְĹԱҲвٹԱǨǱسʦһӷæϢ
֮ȥȥһҵȵ꣬󲿷ĻζĻʧȥ
ţϣߴʱϵĹٴЩ̾
ⲻù˵뾩ϿΡ
ͬжÿȴʧȥһλλͬ˽ɽ
ҲǱֿ
λĻţʵͬ꣬ʱûٱƴۼҽ㾭壬ʵҪʤһߣξ޷ԣ
ʱҲҲ֮κΣ
ټϧ˲ţЩǽƲУȥ꣬ȻҲϣ֮⻹ܹͨ;;
ֹĵطɫ౾ԿաԣȻС
߿أĿһ̾
ټʫǴƪѧʫ
ҲǧڡӲüܸ¥лƽݡȢĪý񡭡
ʫνǹ˺ѧʿ
ȴ״˵ʫʣȻλʦѵĻţȻͻ
źЩ翵֮¡
ʱţΪһ٣Ա߳ƽӵļȻĿһ
λɫɫһ󣬶ʱʵԻôˣ
ΧӣȫԻ˰ۡ
ˣһ߹ˣ
ʱΪ׵ΪЩأٵԶƬƬ֮ԶžװĽ׳ӳĿҰС
ϣȺ˳֮󣬺ܿ쳯ſ⸮һ˵ţ
һھţʮ⣬ͣЦŹʵڳϵĿǰ˺͹
ǣǺˣ
ס˵ǰԻ
óȺȻŵȴûʲô⣡
ԣλŻʿϷʾʿʮ룬ͬʱֵ
Ǿھֵʦ壬ǷҼҹ͸Ÿˣ
ҵǰţ⸮ա鷸֮Щ鷸֮ҲиţҼҹӲǰĲһλʿͼıˣСΪ
˵ţȡһСɽУݸ
һöӡдӡѰħ֣ҽ֮
Ǳ߹ǰӹڰĿд򿪽С
ʢһöССӡ
ССӡС磬ͨƣȴӨ͸ֵơ
ȡӡ߿ӡΧĻƵ̵ŤŤͯͿѻʵ
·ӡ棬׫дŹֵ֡
󵨣
һĻ͹߶Щݸԭ֮£֮ð
ڲѯʵʿҹǺˣִӺδ̽Ҫı
Ҽҹ˵˺ܹܿ
֮ɫЦ
תȥ
нڹٵÿȥĸ죡
λʦȥԱߵϴʱǽҺʱе֮ϡ
ôˣô˽ţ
ԣִӵÿ˲ͷˮˣǻ˲ʲôھֵʦǱصһλʿ֮һ
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ܣ
빫ɫЩȡ
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ԣʱɫʵˣ㿴£ǲթ
Ӧòᣬ巽Ļ죬Իδܹס
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Ǹող߳⸮дظ֮ұǳ͢سҭʳ
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ȻˣǾ֪ͨʳ˾ɣûʳ˾ǰѰǵټ
һûзԡ
ֻǰͷЩɻʱʲô˵õϢͨ籨ţ

ʱڹٵ⣬һλ񸾴İٸͷʱɽµĵطƬȴһŸͷԱʻ
ʱ˫ŵ⣬ɫЩ졣
屳󵽵ʲôˣô֪Ķ
⸾Ȼһٸ磬ʵɽо飬ȻԶԶģȴĶԻһ
ͬǰŵġ
δ֮ǰܹݣĿ⸮֪֮ʱȹ
ǸʱֻһѰֵλ
˻ⷢһ׮£Ҫ跨Ըš
ڵõˣ
ϢһǸŹŹֵֹӡȻźԶӡʵӡȴ΢ڵĺۼдӡ֣ǸҪŶԸ»Բ˶ߣ
ǸѾҵ룬Уҵ뿪
һͷЩȻǲ⣬ϳȡѪ
ںòӳȻҲȥ

ʱھʦԨҲڽܹĵ׼ųˡ
ʱһλӣһλʿе̽ڡ
˸ͨеĲǲԨ׼Ρ
Ȼǰ˵ʺ
˵ʺԭһܿѵ飬Դ֮ǰ¶ˡʵ֮󣬵Ǳ˺ܶࡣ
ټԨ͸¶һ´˻ԯʥһеһջصɽӶʺվѡͬ⡣
ӸУԨҵԯʥڣʺҲǴΪȡ
ԯʥһֱΪʥ棬ЩҲһֱѰԯʥ䣬û뵽һôûҵʥڣԨײҵˡ
Ϊʺе𶯵ģʥɽӶԨС
ΪһͬһǿߣʺʥɽӶ
ޱȣǹɫ츣ء
д֣ټԨչ¶ĵУʺ󵽵ѡͬ⡣
ʺ¶ĵĻԯʥδ֪仯

ħѹһرʧʺģ
Ȼʺ󲢲ǵ⼸رʧẳνɽ
ЩħΪƾżһܹͭˣδ̫档
ֻ⼸ر쳣һħ׻ˣǶԻ΢Ƶ
ҲζһЩӵٰܲȫδ֪գ
ٴͶ˿

Ԩû⣬Ϊгžرܰɱǵٺòˡ
ӻʹ߳ԨˬھܹټҺʺĶѵȻǺãҪǸĹ£Ǵһط
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ԨڸעȻǷ֮ϡ
ؾʦʱ䣬Ѿɹ΢ӡ΢Ǿݡ
΢ǾκԤףԨѹ
΢Ǿ֮
ʱ΢֮Ѿڣ΢Դעĳɳٶȼ졣
Ԩ΢ѾɣʱڻĵȷѾ½ɵˮ׼
ʵʵڵġ
oһ̫ˡ
ôֱӳ½ɵľ磬Ԩʼϲģ
ļƻУԼӦҪ޿úòʣµö˻ὫǬɷɱ䣬Ȼٺúѡһ֮·֮·
û뵽̫ˡ
Ȼӵ΢ǾݣǾԴһξ룬ٵһʱӦ΢Ǿݡ
Ʃʱ֮ڣöϤ۳ɹ
ȻһΪoǸݽ겡
Ѿκo֮ƾŴѣ
ʱʱ޿̣оĽûǰǰɬĸоƺֻҪͼò˼ܹһö

۹£Ϊģ塣
Ԩɲˣܹ֮ĳɾ΢Ǿ֮ζ
壬ԨҲֻҪΪһ΢Ǿ

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156 ״Ԫ
ٴ
һµķޣѾһϣ

ͷϹһ꺮ͼѩ֮У֦پĲɣͤͤĴӦŻ֦Ȼ÷ӱī߾ɫ㶼
ӡһաӡ£
ֻھʦһԭ֣֮ռĵīгڹӦÿļ˸߼ߡ
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Ԩ߲ĳźݸķȥǱ߹ؾŵ˻ˣҲûţʼӪȰӡ
ʱĲأһУ塣
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ԣɫЦıɱ׷񼫣ֹɺޣȲ޶˱еɷأˣȴǴĸʹʧӣŮҲ֪ȥһұǺüŽ
Ӵʱ˫Ǻ⣬Žµ˶̲סɫ䣬Щ顣
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ʱ֣һһʯɽ֮ϣԨǶһ˻ƺ֮ϣں

ֻǺУһ·Զŵ֮𣬸˪֮ںˮϯ


161 Ҫ
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ƺͬδ󺣡
Ǹƶݣ
ʱԻԨӶצˮΪ鶯
ܵһŨޱȵģɽԨԷƺྐྵǴ˷
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֮⣬ˮ𶯣Ӵλˮиֳ
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ϵƣ΢ԪӴƣǬԱдԾһ쿪ٵĺݻ
Ԩоһޱȵӿ֫ϣǬԭƿչ
ݻﶬļȨͬʱа˰֡
׷ౡɽͨˮ˰Ƴ׶
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һʮֺޱȵĸͨǽǬԾܹΪһһƣ
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룬Ԩʱһֱͨ

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ڻƺУܹ˶ƺɻƺʩչͨӡ
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Ԩϸ֪ԵԵҪһʱ
ʱǿ߶ԣΪ
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ת˲䣬ŷαǱķɣڵһײԱߵһͨʯ塣
һķ˾ŷˣԨʱѿ죬˫һ˿Ц
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ǬԽΪԣ˻ձǡ
ֻǾԶ
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ͬʱջƬͨת˲ʧ
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Ŀǰûйϵͨأ
תһɫʱĹģתʱΪһƳ̨΢ɫͬװΣڵС
ԨһӣһΣ
ף
Ԩϸ֪ɫЩЦݡ
ϲĻǹģı仯
ʱ򹦵ģĺת˲仯һʱӹģ߶
Ԩʮɫģһոڣпո
⳹׸ǣתʮɫհ׿ո
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ʱԨһԶ̫Ѿ˲oǰѲ飬뿪ˣ
ɫһһö飬ƿʧԭأ

ɿ⣬һʯڣŷ˴ʱѪɫɷףϢ˺ðΣŻλƴӵվ˾һ㡣
һƣЩҪ
ŷ˼ķһŤŤĺڹ⣬Ҳæ뿪Ƭ֮أ
ڻƺڵ꣬ҲҴˡ


162 ݸ
Ƭ֮󣬱Ѳӻƺoˮð
ڶo١
ʵϣҲ̫ѽ
Ѿɢֻͨܽϱϼ֮ٸһ鿴
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ˣ
ʱᶯҹΣĿڰɿʯϡ
һת˲תݳʯɽϣܿ쿴ѪζԴͷ
ʯʯУѪζɢҵһʯ
ЩʯǱǿб飡
ǱһѲ񽫣ͨƺе飬ѾõҪ֪Ϣ
ƺһͷû
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ϢȥȻкܶ෽ʿ߽oȤ
굽һͷޣҿһͷûиŵҰޣޣȤʿڡ

ЩëϢƺˮ֮󣬹ةҲǰ顣
ةǹ黯ΣȻ֪޵
ةԴıȡʧ֮һֱѰһᣬ޵ĳ֣Ҳһᡣ
ܹõָ㣬ûѪҲܹͻż
ة㾳Ѿѡ˵·Ѿû·ԡ
ĳ֣ǲ⣡

Ԩλ磬פأԨoΧϴֵģѰꡣ
ΪΪʳԨȻ֪һͷЩ˵ļֵ
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ҪҶԺĺô
ذߵʱԨ˳ζһе΢⡣
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˼˵ǰЩ췴ҵˣҵ
˼Ӣ䣬ƽºȡǰĽѵصҵļ֮Уþӵ֯ͼԼǣṩźٺ»ϧԼȻɱͺ͵ȼƶȣסˣЩҵ񲻸ΪҿȥػҲԻʣпƣ̫ƽѡ
̫ʵۻմմϲԳʵԹδеĴǻۡ
ԾҵƦåĻߣֱӵ˳͢ʵļ£ҲְԱμбְԱӡ
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ȥǸˣ


163 ɣ
Ա߹ؾţԼһֻѾߡ
ЩҲİսʿ䣬Ǻ֯ǰһֱ̭ʿУѵľ
ΪרŻ
ԨһȺʮλʿʱǰغϣ㽫ط򵹿ڵء
ʲôˣϮپ췴𣿡
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ǺʰЩƦӣǰԡѪƴɱЩƦȴں۸ǵļˣߵľӲз
ǼطѾɫ䣬ˣƺǸƺǺͨиͨС
һײ壬һ鷳ˣ
һʱп಻ͬʱģ

һԨҵСʯе棬ӦڴڳһΪԨһ˵ݾ֮ء
Ԩ˵ĵСʯĴʮ飬ǷˣϵĹǰݸͨС
ͨдСʯ壬մԺСʯʮ磬Ҳò
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СڣԨϥʱⷨתϹۣ
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Ԩصľһ㡣
չģ壬΢ǾѾûгǿܵͨǵķԦЩģ壬ܵʴ
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ɹŴ֮Ԩ²òһѡ
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165 oı
Ϲ壬ԨʱоӤת΢Ԫʱ
΢ȨҲһ֡
ͥ΢Ǿ̺һ΢ǾȨ
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һЩƷoؼҲͰˣǲ֣oͻụɣӰͥת⡣
ΪϲԲȡӡɽӱԴԼɡ
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ƶǿıԴڶoԴɷֻ
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ֻ׽֮󣬻ԱⲻҪ
ȻֻܹΪҼȥ˽٣дϣ
Ա˵ʲôӦʲôҪ
˵鱾̵úм䣬ǰú鵽׻Щǣֻʼ÷̳
ǱߣԱҲһ۵úУúгԺȣҲҡҡͷҲûж򣬵ͷʧҲ⡣

ʱ֣ҹĻ١
ɫիſһһǧĵӰ֣֮һҲЩ
ֻŮ壬£ңСҡЦޣ
ŮأԳ֣ǿիϵһ
ĸ̣
ƣǾֱǰǵȴɫȻ
ǧп޵ļӵŷǷܣεǾ֮䣬ȡ
ͷп಻֪ߵ壡
Աڷ̳ԱߵԱѾŰ뿪լ
ķðأ
ʱҲ࣬ȵѾҵ˶ãƶϽ
ٴȡһͭмҡȴի֮ǰķˣüëԺ飬Ц
󡣬ǳԴҩȻҪãýո
˵žֱ糯
鿴һĻѾŵûɢķⱦҲʧ飬ԷҲ̫ǿˡ
ɹòҪСͣ쵨ҲҾ˼ҡֻլβɹСֻǸ㽲ɹþɽУضǵԶиα̰ȷӣȥ޸񲻸ã
һ˵ţһ߳ŹӴܣֻѾһռµλãƿڴһڹ⣬ŷӴܡ
ƨȴǲȻŭһ⼲۶ʱȥͬʱſצ鼲˶ð


171 ΢ħ
ŵûɢڶܸˣҲŵûһ޲ڵڸܹؽȥ
ʱ̫ƽͷԨתݷ·Ƭ
ʱݷѾɣٶȼǿ쵽˼㡣
ƺԨ֪һ٣
ǿ
ԨȵܸķÿͷŮ
Ԩֹת˲ջ֣
ǸéɽʿԨҲʲô
һֻĸ󡾫
ȻéɽвԹȻʲôû
ǹҧδ֣
ȴԱһŨȻս£ͬɽѵһ죬һŽ׵ſڣֳֽħƣţŮ࣬ʱɫ󺧣ת˲һҪߡ
ȴת˲Τһħƣɢѹԭ޷
֣Ҳǵɴ˫ɫ£ǿǽ񽫳Žħƶ
ʱһ֣ʧ
Ҳϵ⣬ЩԥǷǾ쵴ħʦµһ
󡾫쵴ħʦЩϵֳħ
Τ
Ƽ䣬ԨȵĿһ·ĵúС
úв֪ĸ濸һΤ֡
Τ쾻еĻͨ
Ũ˷ԵΤԽ
ĳ̶ֳȣһڷ𱦡
ú֣סܼ˵֮Ц˹
úһͷΪһ˿档
͸ΤѣŲͷһǿޱȵɡ
Τ֪·Ѿȥ
·ɶ޶⡣
úе½Ŀլϣլϵ׮ƹδᣬѹͷ֮󣬻跨㻯ͷԼܹ־
úнյ׽ΪԱ⣬ػΤµͷ
Ѱ飬̨ɽǧľ飬Ҳǳţ÷𷨴Уδ޳ǰЩһѺ֮սܣ˹ƻ
;
úϣ˻ͷ
ܹͷƣعţǧУǱУ쾻ϣһλԵˡ
ҲǾ޴ƹ
иҪƹ

ƺϣԨݷѾȥ
ƹУԨΪЩ⣬֮ǰԱƲ֮࣬ú֯˹ţû뵽һͷǧĺǰ˷ˡ
ǧĺʮֺ
ҲǷͬһ㡣
ǧ껹û޳֮壬޳ͷ꾫Ҳ޳߶ȡ
Ǵ˵езϲģ
ʡ
֣֮Ҳʺͻ۸컯
ڰ꣬ǧ͵˳ɵıԵƩԨ֮ǰĺڻɽ
ͬǧֻ꣬Ҫи˾ĴУ󲿷ֶܹͬӱ
ǧ껹ûɵĺ꾫ȷǺټ
Ȼһûɵ󲿷ҲŲǧ꣬;ΪָԭڽС

ͷ꾫еǷ𷨣ԣҪ𾭣ǲ澭ƾһЩҰҲȷ޳
Ԩš

ǧɣǺ꾫в̤ħҲȻˡ
ת˲ԨΤ
úеķȻ˵㣬ȻѾ½ɻЩ룬Ҫ޳޺ȻҪһЩ򣬵Ҳܿˣ
ۿúԨԲΪ֮̾
úŨķʮ־ˡ
ָ˷ͨԳ֮
úǷ쾻޺תнķУзǵ֮ɱȡ
Ȼ޺ҪҲѶȼ

ɽɽ
ƣ
ˮŽԨһ·УƬҰ÷ڵϡ
һͨɽȣκ
ˣ
ԨˮŽ𶯣ȴڸ״žζ
ȥɣ
ԨһӣƬзɳǵ㳯ɳ
ϸȥһööĴָСײнɫ档
Ϲƣ
ԨԯʥеõĽϹơ
ϹΪٶ֮ףΪ置׶һͳУɰٶɳɳΪϹٶ塣
ԨеĽϹֺ֮ӵһغõѾнϹ
һȺϹƷ¹УŽϹҰԨ·һƬ׹ǴĻԭ
˵ģҰ޵ģҲֵĹ
ʬǶѻ纣
һŨаӴ
ʲôط
ԨɫЩ죬ͱΧйϹƣԨ֪˵ͨζ
ˣ
ڴʱһκ𶯣ƺǸӦУ˷ݵĽϹƵģһκһööϹ
κתһɼаѪɫתϹƶԽΪסѪҺ
ˣ
ֻǽϹҲ̼࣬ܵʱֲɫâҪκ⡣
صףӿκȴԽԽ̺࣬ѪƬ̼䷢ͬħХ̺Ѫ⳹סϹơ
Ѫ£ƲϵԨѪƱƿ塣
ӡ
ԨɫŹֻ֣·ʱһŮ֣̺Ѫ⣬ǡ
Ů˿Գ䣡
ֻԨʱһӣԺ΢⣬ϹԺ£ֵסǹ카֮
ȻǾͶ㣡
Ԩ˫һ˿棬˫֮ǰٽӡֻļƾճ֣ɫת

תһͨ쳹صɫ׹⻯Ȼء
׹£ӳΪɫɽȵĹħ֮ҲǺû
ƬƬѪɫƹ
ֻκͬκˣͬʱָĸ졣
ô
·ԨΪȣ½֮ת׷ܿȾףȴû·Ѫơ
ѪƺѪ޼Ѫᦣ·κ
ΣӶ龫Ѫ
˵ӦаĿǣ׷Ȼ
ǻףȨѪơ
ײУǾһ·һ棡
Ԩ˫дʱԽأһ˿ء
̫֣ûȫԸ׼
һԳɫ֣Ԩͨ߶£ֻתջΪһͷ׻
չᣬʮɸߴľ޴ҵĳɽ·档
΢С
ڻգ
һκ˿ǣµıѩЦݣϵİ׹Ƕջˡ
ԨˣɫΪ⡣
һżǿͨ
һнأϵľβ뺵ħ档
κⱻǿƿǽϹƶʱصԨ֮ڣԨһɫ⳯ɽ·̽ȥ

֣
ԨɽɽһϿޱȵĽ
ﲢһ˾סɽȡ
ĳϳ
Խɽ޽ԽΪ󣬵Ǻʯˣʯ̨ԶԶĻϪˮͨһʯγɵĻţɽھ߱οա
ֻѾ˷һ㣬ҲǺХκ⣬֮
ͷˮҲЩ֣
Ԩηһʯ´Χ
ΧɽϣֱĲ˼飬ȫЩɽĲ
⿴ûʲôԣ
ԨУȴΪЭǿݻġ
ԨͷЩ²⣡
Ҫ֤²⣬ҪȺ̽顣
ˣ
ʱԨϵˮŽ֪ˮµ˵Ϣ
ǰ
Ԩһλһɫ⣬ӿٶȳǰȥ
ཹལ
ʱԱߵϪˮȻðˮݣƺŨմˮ״ת˲һͳޱȵХ֮ղκ
з·Ů˿𣬹Ļ
ɲǼȴˮײˮըһ⳯ԨۣħΧŨ˼㣬ȴԨɫ죬תһöͭžϣɫϼХ֮ת
ԯʥлõԯžâɨʱסҪһѪ⡣
һͷ֫İƬѪɫâľһͷѪſѪҪҧԨʮɳıƽ壬׺
ԯžסʱȫá
ԨսˮŽתˮһνնǶڰеѪʱߴѡ
ͷѪһɽƺֻһκǰת
·峺ޱȵϪˮһ̱̺Ѫɫһɾ춯صѪɫħǰת
ԨѾǰľ
ԨһðѪɫȪۣԱһ̨Χĸͨʱϵ·Ѫɫ⡣
ԨȻδˮµ˵ӰֻˮŽָһѪȪ·
ʲôħͷôļơ
ԨʱķãѪȪԽԽǿʢѪɫħ⣬ɫΪ졣
ʱȴȻһ죬ѪȪѪɫħʱˣȻһŨѪƳѪϷѪ⻯ΪһѪɫͷݺݵĶԨ
ᰮ裬
ŭУȴĸͨͨ˲ǿգǿϣķеǹӿĸͨϣ
׻ȸ䣬ħ
𣡣
ɲǼѪɫǹĸʯϱΪͷޱȵѪɫ޳Ԩ˶
Ԩ˲δһĻ׻ȸĴ۳ǹ޶λ֮ڣ֮޶ɱܵ΢ǹѹơ
ʱ΢ǹȻŹ⻪΢̥֣΢У΢ļӳ±
ϼǧǾ㶼ǽ콣նޣɱѪƣ
Ԩϱӵ˼£ֺӽУϾƣ¾ؼͣ
΢ǹ̺Űܣ
ɽʿһҲޱȣ


172 ħͷ
ʱѪȪһޱȵİħӰɺѪޱȵһĻ
ɵˣ
ǵת嫵Ӱ󶯽ŨޱȽܣޱȡ
ʱѪȪΧֳһƽٳӰһֺ꣬Ӱ
ͳ֮һʿƽ
ǰo㣬Ͷ֮䣬ؽ⽵ٵĴڣûС
ǿƽ̣ҲΧɱ֮¡
綼
Ĺ˺͵ˣ

ѪȪеӰɫǰδеأҲo
ɸΰҵ֮ǰһλֲʿͬӴoһһͬΰ٣ѪħȻǻĥ
ǰҲһoת̫ڰ硣
һ΢йء
Ī΢Ǿ
ѪȪħӰѪɫҫŨĺ⣬ҲӴⷽӴޱȵأ֪ⷽشֲǿߣ޷˽¡
΢ǾһսҪʮֵע
ħӰҲǸᣬܹǾȾǺӣħӺ

棬һǺħ߻ĴǹޣԨǰⷽѪȪ֮ϡ
ⷽѪȪԨɫЩ𶯡
ľ˺һѪȪ
ȻǿˣȻѪȪ档
Ԩ΢Ȩת΢ϣƺȨϻΪС

ԼԼ·һƺѶƺبźĻǺȣ鲨ģǻƺƲҵһλϯ飬ƽضС
ѪȪУħӰһĻܵһɾ޴ѹȣѹȶǰδеġ
ƣ
ֻŭУǧѪɫħѪȪѪɫ״ƺУѪ׸֣ȴƺϤû
ƺݻľƺûһУѪħʴ֮ǿȴӲƺɡ
ʲô
ѪȪУħӰѪɫ𶯣ЩȻûǿᷨţ㶼ǵֵסѪħݻѪĥ
ѹսԷݻƺӣܹɾѪħ
ת˲ħӰѪɫȴɭȻЦ̣ӦҲмޣ̶٣
ѪԼѪȪԩۣ̺ؾһܹϲ䣬ŶԷҲ
ƺУԨΪüͷԨָŻƺ·ѪȪѪ⡣
ѾѪȪħͷڡ
ħӰһѾٵСء
ǸѾһƬС
ֻһѪϺң˷ΪǺħӰɣΪħӰϡ
ħӰͬһöħ̥ʱδ
һĻԨ˫Ҳɫأ
ħͷ
óǼ粢ѰС磬һؿ߻þ
Щؿ߻þõ컯żܹʱһֳǳ½֮ϡ
ƩԨ֮ǰĲ
һؿ߻þ̺컯
ľ١
ǰĵؿ߻þȻҲһ
ؿ߻þûݸԵܻ֮ǰȫûˣؿ߻þУĳǿߵϡ
ħǿߵкǿóǲ޳ķţƾֻѾͻˡ
ûһþؿΪԴ¿ǱԴߵĻþؿߣҲħ֮һܿһħɣ
ټħͷƺҪǿѪħű˻ƺ⣬ԨʱЩݸ
ƺӱԴɱһؿ߻þҪǿĶࡣ
ôܳűˣ
ֻƺ͸
ײɵĻƺ˾ǻƺӱԴƺӺӲע⣬ȡɽӶ
ɽӶɳ׶ֽ֯ͼֱ֣ײѪƣһ޶׶ʳɲǼ佫ѪȪħ̥ס

ħ̥ħӰŭ𱬷Ѫ⣬ȴӲɽӶʳⷨһйɽӶֱĿǣת˲ɽӶڡ
ˣԨĿȻӴд߶ɽӶѪȪֱѪȪϤɽӶ
ɽӶԻһЩǿܣԯʥѹɽӣصĶѹһͷаħһ򵥣
쿪


173 
ɽӶѪȪ֮׶ݻǱԴڲѪȪ
޼תò˶ܹѪȪԼħ̥
Դ˷ɽӡ
ѹħ̥ԨѪȪһήңļ硣
ˮµ˾Ѫ
һκסˮµˣˮµɫɷף״̬á
ħ̥֮һֱҪȾӶľѪԪȫһˮɵ֧š
ʱͬ¡
Դ˳Ԫ񲻱ߡ
ˮ±
ԨУˮµڣŨһΡ
һ汦
ˮ±ˮɴֵˮŽ֮ϡ
΢ˢʱסѪƱƿ
ˮµ˫ע⵽Ԩĵʱ¶ϲ֮ɫϸȷϲǻþ֮ˮ±ɢ⣬ĺ⣬֡
ֻɫȻЩá
أԳ֣βζЩأԨһץס֣Ųˮµڵء
л
ˮµ쳣ֻǱԨţɫ΢ȻĿɨΧЩġ
Ԩõģҳѹˣ
˵Ĳᣡ
ԨɨˮµΪüͷ
ˮµֹ˵Ĳᡣ
Ȼˮ±壬ȫѪĥˮ±ҲûֹѪ硣
ľѪԴԴͿգˮµ˸Ѿҡ
ܹһף
ˮµ˾ϷŵЦݣЩɬζ
Լ֪Լ£֮ҲûαѪʱѪʧ룬ƣĪ˵Ϊɣٽһ۳ӤҲ֮ѣ
סͷʧ䣬ˮµҧԨʵ
£ħͷʲôˣ
ĳؿ߻þеħͷ
Ԩ˫£һ޴ɽ壬ҲһƬƵĽ
ɣ
ڷУԨһ鵹˴ŷмڡĺϹŽƵ֡
ȻһԨδ˵Ļþؿߡ
ѵл󻯵Ļþؿߣһܲҵʲôظ
Ԩһӣһ΢ˢƽ´Ƭ̳
Ƭ̳ϻڶѪɫħƣڲؾתΪѪƣʮֶ񶾡
ǽ£ήҵĵؿ߻þУһɽϻͬļ̳㱻Ԩˮµ˴ݻ١
ѲĽԨΪʧ
ھֵĵؿ߻þؾѾȡĲˣڵˣ±ʱⳤ
ԭϣ¾֣ɽɽΪɽɽһ֣һأݻһǳأԽ
ݻˣ
һʮֿϧ飬ɽɽƬؿ߻þȻһ¥
ɽɽǵؿ߻þѵ컯
Ƭ֮Ԩˮµ³ڽ¼̳ϣвδ̫ջ
⴦ؿ߻þѾ˾мֵķѾѪħʴˣһѷ
浹һЩ伮ԨһЩͽ׹ԶԶȲԼҷţֻһЩߡ
һԨ׼뿪˵ء
ȥ֮󣬵ֲʱ˱ɵˣ»Ե˺
л£
ˮµмֻȻʹ
һ֪ĸǰæѰֲķţ޾֮·
Ȼô˵ԨΪˮµ˸еϧ
ŵĵΪǻͥңǻȫıȻѲȫ
ԨԸӦˮµԪʧţֻʣʮԪ

ڷ֮ǰԨˮµٴһ˻ۡ
ѾˣԨȻҪһ
ʱӦУзĺۼֻ̫ˮµ˸Եδܹ
˳ȡһö֥
Ȼ֮أ봿˳־ˮӡ
Ԩײ˾ĵͳг̲Ŵλ۾תɣӦûзӡ
ʵڲУԨȥ֮󣬾ֻϵƴˡ
ͻƴмֽ飬ƾ΢Ǿ֮󣬻ƴӦûæ

ڣԨˮµ˵ʱ򣬵ڹһɫ֡
Ƭ̻Ϊһݿʣݣѵĵˡ
棬Լλ׵ҲԶӿֳӰ
Ůɽг֣ͬͯŮɷǣۣͷ΢ڣޱȣֻǿΪᡣ
һλһȹݾڷ磬ֻɫ΢ףЩ
浱´żλ׵߳ڣǰѯʵ֪λʿӺζҪȥ
׵ʱʶһˮӣˮӴʱ毺ãȻʱѪݽߣΪƽ˼ֳĲȴδգ˼ֲʩʣΪǡ
˲δϳ֮ǰһεˮӣֻǾλŮʩ̫ˡ
Ҳ̲סһˮӣֻʹˣ˼ֶԣǿаסͷľȡ
ԨʱЦҵ˻ۣΪһλˣ
ˣ治ʱȴһǽɣƶĹͣ
תȴһλɫ۵ĵ˴ӻ˳
۵һ㣬ϱŽٱһݲ󣬿Ϊݿʡ
˫ڵīΪ
̫֣
ͷΪȣǵ̫˵ȥͥˣҪܷأʲôʱѾˣÿ·ż׵ȥ衣
ʱֻ̫˾ٲǰЦſڵ
δϵ΢ǾԽ٣ƶ岻ڣʵʧ񣡡
̫Ѷˣƶޣѣ
Ԩͬ
ˮ¼̫ǰ
λѣɣ
˴ʱףԨˮµУֻͷЩȣ΢ǾĵȷЩ֮⣬ΪȵĻ΢Ǿĵ
΢ǵ֮ǣ
˵
ƫڣ̫Ԩˮµ˷ֱ£ԱԼ׵ˮ󣬶ʱ˳ƫ
̫˴ʱӶзڵ
Ǿ⣬ƶѾΪԱλѶ
ָ̫ˮµ΢΢һЦ
Ԩ˵ѻ棬ƶȷΪˮµѶˮµѴ٣𣬾Ԫݽߣ̫óˮµѣָӣ
Ԩ΢֣ǱˮµѾ¶м
λºεݣ΢Ǿ֮ȴ̫ˣΪˡ
ˮµԨԲֻĿ̫ˡ
пܣˮµҲϣֹڴˣ
ޣò״磬ֹܾǰ¡
̫һ˫ˮµˣۿƬ̣ʵѣɷƶǰһ
ˮµʶԨһۣԨףˮµ˵¿ڵȻԣ
ֻ̫ǰϷɨͬ˿ˮµһС֮ϣɫתˮµڣˮµü¶
˵ĺأˮµǱηħˣ
̫˴ʱЩȵĿһˮµˡ
ˮµ˵صĳήң
ʲôħֱܹӳһλ˵ľԪ
Ԩü΢΢һ½Ͽеż˵һ飬Ԩδ
̫˼ſУ̫˲ûв
Ͽлһħ̥
Ȼ̫ĿЩȣת˲ӭԨˮµ˵Ŀ⣬Ϊϧ
⵹ƶʧˣƶȷϿлþؿںϵļеĵʿԶ˵أֻд£зز̽δ콵컯У̺գ
̫˫ҲЩ֮ɫһʱЩɴ
ѲҲħͷ׺ݽթм
ԨɫЩȻ˵˾޴컯̫᲻Ȥ
̫˿д£ԨͷһĪڳıɻɹλ
ֻ̫˴ʱֵˮµϵƣƶҲ޷ӣƶͨƣ
̫Ҳ¶֮ɫóڻ𷨣Ҳȷֲ֮֮ͣȫԪĽ𵤿ޱȡ
ҪĲϣʱܹ֮ճ
ͨš
ȻΪ۾תʱಢȡض۾м䣬ֻǵ䣬һ
ǾҲĪҪǣƶΧһѣóֲ֪֮Ԫ
£һ£Ϣ
̫˿οˮµˡ
ˣֻͼݵѣæѯʣˮµѣƶԸȼ֮ｻ
Ԩɫ棬Ԩ̫ԡ
֪ʦӺ룬ʦ
ڶǿɣʳһƪ޲Ԫķ
ˮµ˴ʱɫмˮлǰ
̫˼˿һԨЦ֮ͲˣǾ˿ƶȷһ飬ʱ䵽ˣҪǾһ
Ŷ
ԨһɫЩ棬λ̫ʲôҪͷ


174 ·̫
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ƶӦˣ
Ԩϸһۣɫʱ΢΢һЦ
̫˵Ҫ󲢲֡
ˣҪʱƶȥţǾΪһˣ
Ӧ֮⣡
ԨӦ¡
Ӧ´֮󣬺Ƭ̣ԨǴˮµתȥ
ʵ̫ڴˣٲһӡ֤
ֻֻ̫һڴˣȻҲû̫Ļ
ǧ֥Ԩδ鵽ϣǧ֥׮С¡

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֪Ǹǻ
ԨˮµˣɫһЦ
ԣˮµɫ죬ѯ̫и֮£Ȼ̫и£ǲ֪
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ʱںݳڣúлܼҲδȥ
׽ס֮ε㻯־ڵúѾг
ʱի⣬㱨ú׽ס֣ҲǴϲæӱլԺ˹
ԶԶի֮ǰȴһ޴ΤԵԺ
ΤԵֳŽħƣΡࡣ
ֻôٽ£밲Ҳ֪ǵúα£ͽֽ𣬴Žܼҡ
ʥɮ֪ڣ
ʱúһЦַԱߵΤ񣺡λʩ뿴Τ֮£ã
ŵúзΤֻһͷëڵϣʱڽлԣʦӲδˣ־྾ŵӲţҲҲʦ˼ҴȱȱҰɣҲˣ
ëһѱһᣬ᲻Ӵ۾
ѽҶףҲ㡭
Ĵӵ۾ʱҲˣĿԺӽһɢıⵣϣҪǰȥ֡
ԱⲻҪļ
úдʱסΪϺ꽲
Ѿ֪ԭί˵ԱļҵĶ־ԭҲǸӡ
⻹֮ǰ˵֮ǰ־ڻ԰飬⻨԰¥һչ¥˿Ů˵ܹһԱĻ԰¶Ѿժʻϸһ¶Ȼ˹ɫ
־һĿҲǹãĵԱףɵʮꡣ
Ա⿴һֱŰ־˵һ£κα񲻿ϡ
͸¥ϵĹ⾰ȴʱġ
Ӱ˵ͷ¶һˣƽƽ档⼸겻ÿŮʮ˱䡣־ȢСҲһӲί
ţ˼ҹΣʱһã˼ɼ
ǵ˼ɼ

Աⲻԣں⵽򣬶ûκóӡ
̨ɽеĺ˶˸ϳϳͷټϿ־ǳľǻ¶òǰο
־Ƽ棬е¶ի֮ڣһʱҲϲԣĥӲݣ꾫ϵûܿիڳȫ˺¡
ͷ˻̼ܵҲݣ޷𷨣ɼС
Ҳ˵ͷҲǵһس
Բûвɼ־־Ҳⲡˣ
úסԱ⣬ֻԱ⣬֮ǻоιΪӵĲ鲻ݵ飡
ԣʱ־ȷѾΡ
úе·ԱߵΤ񣬵öǱ㣬´ϺУж㣡
лʦӻȥ֮󣬶У
æٰݣڷȻȥ
Ȼ⣬úнի
ʱիڵ־ѾöˣֱͦͦڴϣͷųɫƣһϢ
ԱͰΣݺᡣ
ʦҶƽҲǷЩʱղģģʦҪȾ
úмЦҪԵҩͺˣ
Ӹ֫һʱһӣԱҪӵûˣ˴ҩ԰ѰҪ
Ա򸾼ˣȻЩɣŵúд֣ű־£־ʱЩǣȶĵĶԲ̣ȴǿȥǿ£ȴѪת˲׳
ҩѪѪߣˬȥһ̩ɽ

ǱߺոȥȴԶӭͷײ˴ӺϻԨˮµˡ
Ƶ΢תʱνӲУɫȻͷֻ䣬нп಻


175 뵣
΢ⴹ䣬ɽ
ϼǹⴹա
˺oеľ󣬺꾫ﲻ֪
æһԣֻԸ·ܹĴڡ
ֻԽǺ£ԽǵǣȴУת˲ͷ
̧ͷ
ƶϴһʵں꾫ͷǧ֮ء
Сݼ񣡡
꾫ͷ
ЩɬűúΤѹһΣˢһ£һ¾͵Уһλɣ֪γͽ䡣
е׺ģǷ㣡
ǺҲΪ㣬ȥ֮УĪΣ
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Ҳͷһɣ뵽Լ䵽˾أЩζľͷһɷߺӿæСΪСС뺼ݷ´£ǳڱģȫΪħƣǶȡСĶ
˵ᣬҧгݡ
ƺ֮ϣԨһ··ԭǿһһķͿɽزһͬ壬ôһû뵽Щջ
Ԩȴ
ǧ꣬δɣҲǾʲôܹ뿪
Сһλͬ壬λںǧ꣬ȴͨǧ򻯣绽꣬ߵɽأ
СĶ֣ȷȫҵӳűһ
ëҲпԣ
½λ壬ҵ˵һͷ꣬ͷǧ꾫һͷЩֻꡣ
ͷǧ꾫ǺںͨѰ֮
绽꣬ߵ
ԣƺԨɫЩ죬绽ȻѣֻӵȨǿoܹһ㣬˾
ߵɽΪ˲ãѰͨ
ëԣǺں껹δɣӵδ˼
Īʲôܣ
Ԩţ˲䶯˼
ɸոճɣûܹõóֵıлָ΢ǡ
һˣ鷸ƣ㹫
ԣëϲ

ƺϣԨĿˮµϡ
ӣзغݾеȴϢʮ±кϢ
ţ²ع˼ƶ
ˮµ˹֣ЩΡ
Ϊߣ˱ĶҲǻ¸߶ȡ
⣬ֻԨ֮󣬱λȥߵְλλ

̨ɽ·ϣ̨ɽΡ룬ԹǷʥأɮ
Ԩźë귵̨ɽʱͷ֣ǸߺëѾˡ
ڵëѾˡ
ëĶʮֻͽȺɽһΧ棬мЧܹ̲Ԫ񣬺ë䱦
кëı⣬ǧղأ
Ȼܲҵټ󶴸տҲ֦ͷտգɶϣҲһؼëڲëðΣյһЩȫˡ
ëᣬεڵء
Ƭһƿڴ
Ԩδëʧ̬ʱĿںëϣĿϡ
ϣҵɫë

ԨʰɫΪȡ

ʱ̨ɽݳǵķӰּ䣬ӰǰУֱһ϶١
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ԣ¶мΪھôȺhκβˣѵǣ
ŵģŮɫЦΪЩǳصģֻǲhΪκβ˺hǼhһӲı
ԣɫһȻŭҪ֡
ˣǺ¸˼ȵˣǰ㣡еطȥˣ
ȥʲôط
ԣĿŮҲ̧ͷ
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ͨһɣҵȿԽ޳ɻ֮Ҳף
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ԣŮӺĿҲǴϲ
Ϊܹ࣬ͥϴȫòˡ
˵޳ɻ֮
ԡԪؼΪǿ֮һô˷壬ٲѰ棬Ҳδؽסǡ

ݣͨи
̨ɽһԨȻѡ񷵻غݣû̫ʱ뼸ġ
ͨиĴڣԨһʱؾڴ鹫ġ
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Ԩ֣罨֯ľٶǺȼ֮
»ˣ
ؾŴʱλϣԨԱæλվߵһԡ
Ԩף΢΢֣ʾ£Ա߼һַĹģĿɨ˼ۣ۵Ϊ⡣
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ȻЩģԨǺ⣬һ̶ֳܹȣҲ൱ˡ
ԨΪ͵Źؾţ͵ؾţĺܲ⴦ıģ
үˣؾʲүһ
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ȻҺҺŪλٴµȴ黫֮ٳֵٲŪ٣ͼı˽
ǵÿŵ㣬Ūλͨ߳ŭ鷳
ǽͨŵĶǴΪԾڶ๫ıľ̸ڵͨţҲλͨи۵ЩթƻһɻӹԼΪҲλͨкܿȥ
ͨڶʱ֮ڣΪһ顣
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һֱԱ߹һ߼ԱҲܵ壬ҲλӳͨС
䣬ЩĹԱűӣͨиŵĶӣɨسš
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ֻűӣϵù

ְ֮£ԨСӣͨйְ΢ǾĹְ
΢ǾΪɣҲְȨڡ
ػ΢ְ֮⻹иְְǻַ
Թŷ𣬶΢Ǿػⱻа֡

һߣԨͨиӵǹļΪ˳ġ
֮Ԩû˼΢Ǿط΢ǾС
Ϊһ˾ΪͨδϤδְ̫
֮⣬Ԩ֯˳ȥ
ɽɽһĻԨʼЩǣ
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ħ̥ɽӶ֮ħ£ͨһԨҵ˽˱ʼǣԭһ֡
ħ̥Ƿؿ߻þУͳеһλӣһξ¶ħһֽɷţԴ޳Ѫͨϯأɱ
˳ǾһѪؼ伫аһħ
ħħɷ֮oĴһͬǿԻɱ
ܴڤظعѪԴǾ͸˲ã
ԨϣǸԨҲ֪Ȼ鼫٣δ»С

ϾʱԨȡһֱδȡľβ𣬺ħ档
ɽӶһħ֮󣬽泹׹һ壬
һʽдͨ


176 Ǿټ
ʱںݳǽ⣬һɽ֮ϣԨϥһŨȸ¡
ȸתΧΪƣɽƻΪҽ
ʱһȦɫ棬һϹΪŨ
ǰ󶦣ȴϻ˿ȫ޶
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ںϾβ𣬺ħ󣬱ǽ֮ظ˽⣬ڿȼ֮
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Ԩ΢ǹעȫµϣʱ仯Ϊһͷ߹ޱȵϷУ˫Żһеܣ鶯嫡
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ԴˣԨɫϲ֮ɫ
϶֮ɫΪͨΪδϻµģ壬һֱܹŻɣԽԽǿ
δͶ֮֮ܣҲδɣ
ʱջģ½ȫµڣֻڣԨʱͷһ
֮ʱͬһɳޱȵ֫ٺ΢ҲЩܲס
̫ǿᣬֽ׶ε΢ںҲΪ
ǵ͹ܣ
Ԩֱܵ仯ɫЩ仯ңת塣
ƻٶȻǱȲĻָٶȡ
ֽһֱ䣬ʵϹŻ֫ٺ
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΢ΪؼΪ֮һӵŷǷѰ壬ɲ棬ֻѡǿзӡ
취ѰһŶͨţ
Ԩʱ˫Щ̾
Ҳǿ󣬵ֻԴһʣŸǱܣĶ巨š
΢Ǳܣʮ֮һûзӳ
һǿĶ巨ţȫԸһư
΢ܹܸǿĶ巨š
ǿĶ巨棬绢

Ԩע⵽ȫ΢ǹ⣬Ƶ΢ǹⴹ䣬ƬɽΧѾoע⵽ˡ
΢ؼ䲢ѰǳѰǳɢǹ⣬Ҳᱻǿע⵽˵΢˺΢¡
Ǭڸǣ֪ǳoǰ̽
ȥǬԾԨ΢Ǿľ֣Ϲתʱһǹһţ

ʱԶԶĵطһoǺƵ΢ǹ⻯ٵɫ𶯡
ܹ˺΢ǹĴڣֻ΢Ǿ
΢Ǿ𣿲˵Ե۾֮΢ǾǷ΢۾ɢɽеף
ڰУһoȻۡ
ת˲ȴ֪Ǿҵĳ˲ʧֻеɢȴͷǽĺƵ΢ǹѾʧ
΢Ȩѹʧoʱǰȥ鿴
ɽ֮ǰתҹһӶƿճɽͷܿ쿴ɽǻΪ׵Ĳкֻۣǳ֮Ⲣκջ
o֮⣬ɹתӰԶͬǰ鿴
˴΢ǹĺۼ̫Ũµȷ΢Ǿڴ˳ֹ
鿴Ӱӵʰһɰֻɰ͸¶һ˿ŨϹ⣬Ⱦ΢ǹЩѰɰһֱ
ŮĿγţȴдȴ󱯵Ĺ˶ݣһλµĻŮ
Ůһ𶯣΢ǾɰӦòְɡ
ֻҪΪҲ֣
ŮΪЦЦͬһΧһſžӨɫɰһһŨâȫ
Щ΢ɰȾ΢ǹ⣬ҲǺƿԿƹ񣡡
ŮӴ˾٣oŻȻæҲҪǰȡȴԭѾտҲɰѱŮӸȫռˣʱڲ
̧ͷӰת˲ȥ

ݳǣŵĵ°ڣʱ¸ԬҴլȴޱȽš
ԬǺݳǳĹּ壬洫նַأնͷ­Ѫأͷ¶ȫʹࡣ
Ԭһĳ뻯
ʱԬҴլڣԬŵԺʱأſڡ
һɹ׵ĿֲΧڴլУԬǿž񣬶ͷð亹Χ


177 ļ
İУκ˷ӿɭ߽
Ԭ𸣼ɫ䡣
ȣһң
ХУӶзһ˵ɷ
ɷֵת˳ΧԬլһֺǲǰ
Ǳ̵洫֮նɱǧԺǧ֮ǰɷޱȡ
Ѫɷ֮ˡ
һȺҪǺã
ۼڴˣһɲǼǣİ֮ʱȴתһ¹ӰȻԬ
Ԭɫɷף𱦵˫ֶЩӲ

ڷڣԬ𸣵СŮĿѵһĻ
ۿǹξҪӺ˺Ԭ𸣵š
żһܲ
Ӱ˫ޱȵĶŷ֮ڣͷ۵׾Ǳɫ
ʱͷһɫһţ
ӰɫȻת˲ȷʵԼѾܶ
ƵȫΣϣƺƵѹͷӰɫѾֻʣ¿־壡
oϵˣ
˺λϲ˵ѾǣסΧеo֤Ƕã
Ӱɫһˣ
һͷСǺţܵݳҰ
ʱڹӰһɫڰС
ӰȻԨոմӺݳԨͲ˶ΧɭȻ
յŨɭȻͻѲߵo
ݸôҲƷݸ񣬱Ȼǻǿoػ
Ԩֵͬʱֻ鿴ת˲ǿͷèצ
ǱԬ𸣲Ŷͷ亹Ƽ΢΢ֺoʱ𾴣æ
л֮
Ԭޱȸм
ͬʱͷЩŭԬŹģڼо裬ŲoһҲޡ
ԨĿ仯Ȼע⵽Ԭеһͷ
ͷеĴ󵶲޶¡
أйͷ
ֻƾoһ۱ǿͷĺɷ
Ѫɷ֮һЩʿмķ
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Ԩɫ΢΢һһɺѹèϣèʱ˳ƹ¡
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СҲǲѣһħͷʹǰѰԬҵ鷳ȡԬҵı
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Ԩ䵭ͷè
С֪
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è˵˴̧ͷ˫ԨȻС˵
С˵ħͷ¶ڷ磬ҹ»ٴżңԶᱦ
ˣԨĿһһһסè

èŵûɢæģֻԨ׺ʱ׹ĻΪԭΣΪһͷСһĺè׹һƬ±һԪͶֻء
ԨĮèԩŨŲӵֻ֮ûŹͷè
ʵķϣһԪֻѾ顣
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ټĺݸؽ磬ӦиЩ⸮ܵȥˣ
Ϊλӣ΢Ǿһ֮£Ҳм֮
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ԨʼЩǺ˵֮£Щ׷ٷҲ޷ҵ䣬Ԩ档
˵Ϊһɣ׷ٷ׷һͷδɵӦֵȫʧЧˡ
ԨǼϲ

ǱԬվԱߣʱɫӣʱŻеı
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Ԭ̧ͷ˫ʱһƬϣǱèŻˣ
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Ԩ˶ʱһЦҲˣ׵ˣҲռˣһöɹǱı꣬öɹ£һ޲֣
ԨһӣһϹԬе׵ͬʱһöɫĹӳԬϡ
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Ԩڽһؿ߻þ֮ɱһȺƵã˼öʺ󣬹ټңʣµĶϡ
ֻڸö֮ʱԨһԬ𸣶ڷСŮ
СŮҲͰˣԨԬ𸣵Ůͷ͸һڼöδм컯
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Ԭæ̧ͷѾѾˡ
ֻһöӨ͸緢Ĺӣɫޱϲá

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ݸмżң˵ǶƽֵĶżҡ
Ҳٻ£ӧ֮ңǼάҲһ⽮ڼңȻڳŲСӰ
ԨԦִﶫƽϿյʱ򣬱ǿ·żҸۡƻͨլһŨ
елתĺۼ
Ǹ»Ǻһ̳ʦ
ԨɨһУļʱȻ
ʱ˼ж붯һ̳ʦǲԹ
λϣԼҲʢ
֮ǼǣҲмԱƽ
ڹټҴ̣븣»ǵ˼ҪһЩ
Ԩ鿴һ۶żδʦɢ⣬ǼҴӦղ׵ˣϻиˣԨδĵȴ
ʱĿͷϣ
ǿǿѣԨںǼħħġ
ǿħ
ܲʵУ
Ԭо仰˵ĺܶԣ׵Ԭֻǻ
Ԩ̽񵶵ȷʵ棬ӵһּǿǱڵ֮ϣⷴԨ˼Ϊ΢̥ı壡
΢̥֮ȻҪһΪ壬ܳΪķ
񵶱Ϊ΢̥Ľ壡

ʱԨõʱѾǰ
ʱڶƽϣһʱڳ֮ϻϻЩʱžóڶŸǰ
ɽǶżϯڶż̶
ȴǸȴǻ׼
ɽСиѻԪ
ԪסͬǲţȡϣΪ͵£Щȴ޹ʵ˷財ҲƲáԪΪƣձҵ˴ɽ˱֪Ԫӵ˷財Ʋáɽ˵ǶŴһװʦլ֮˵裬׼衣͵ŸڼСʲôаȥˡ
Ԫ˵ãܰòκˣͻ
֮ϣɽҲǳһʱӦ£˻طضżңɽЩԥԪĳŵ±ǳˣ͵͵֮ڣúһӣȡװʦ
ͷԨĿɽȡδݾߣһ·β档
ֻɽҹȥԪװʦǶŴ˵ļҴ֮˽Խ㣬ҪСҪ绹ң
Ԫ
ֻԪʦȥ֮ȴתǽһ
֮Ŀһľм飬ƫƫͷȷˣ
־ܷģ´ӦֵĹλҲ
˿лˣԪԴϲæҾ
ȡȣֲ
֣һɽǰҪҪӦ
ԣԪ¶ЦݣЦŴ˼ҵıﶪʧ˺ʲôϵ¿ɴûҶżҽ
޳ܣ
۾ЦЦֵô˵ĲֵΣװʦ˵κˣ
޷ֻҪ˳˹λɷλޣԪ΢°͵һЦ
ãǸʹˣ
һЦתȥ
ʱԨۿŵˣɫȻ޵ʱ
䶾ˣȴԶԶûԪĶ
Ժ˳Ԫ֡
ԨĿ⿴лһܿ׷źݳȥ
ٶȼ죡
пҲܹ£һͷɲöԸԨǺһЦͬȥ


178 
ߺ󲻾ãǷԪ˫֣ǳżзأĵΣֻȵù֮硣
ںݳҲǼҾʵΪмǺͽ;ȣҲΣ
ΣȴϴǽܳڽǿˣһѽװڴС
ʲôˣͬǲҪˣ
ԪͶˣ
⣬ǿ˺ȻЦһͶԪļҾء
˰Ԫߣ̧һ

⼸ǿˣԨеĺҲע⵽ˡ
Ԫ˶
ȫ⣬Ԩ֪ԪȻܵѵʱ֮ڲΣա
кԨ뷨ࡣ
ͷԩ˸ˡ

һ·󣬰ԭ뷨֮Ȼ˳ֽԪ˴ͣʡݹ
һ·򱱣תںҹٶȼ졣
ֱ˽һɽϵĵڡ
ۻۡ
ΧԲʮɽһڻ빸ȪȪ
ͷ뿪̨ɽϼɽѰϼɽлۣȴǷΧȪ
ȪͬŨޱȵĵػ𣬶أ˳ưռۡ
۵ĵſڣʱм˳ڴϣʱȻȣɽҹˬڵϣɪɪֻΣԴӵ۱֮ǳ˸Ժ֮⣬ϳһ֮⣬ٲ׼ŴƣŮڣ಻ԡ
֮ǰ£ײ˷Ůӡ
ŮԱ°ϳʵõ𣿡
ߵӳֵ֣
ʱһװʦŮΪ죬гǰ鿴
ľ֮ڣһửǰŮӴ򿪣ӦϣæɫϺӵ
ȥɣѾȺܾˣ
ŮӲδЩߣתһ糯ɽȥ
н
ͷͷۺҲҪҪ׽һ
ʱ۽ԨһĻɫЩ˼
Уۺ൱һ徻⣬ΪͳŸ
Ũԩȴܹ޳һ徻Ȼǵ
ԨգݴԣͷںҲӦںںС
ԨݹתźзɽȪķ

ɽ£Ȫðݣһת
ȪΧʵвٴӣܹᰣ⴦ů֮صȴࡣ
ʱȪ֮ǰһλµϸʱŨҵĳɫ棬һɹɳɫŵɫĻ俪ĵػͨϸͬ峺üһڱγ
ţһ׸
ʱϸǰһ飬뺱̯ǰɫ׭СɳϸüԪڡ
ɫ֮ʱںʱ
ϸ˫νʱڣһͷ˿ҲȾһŨĺƺ
õˣһ˫̶С۾лоȡ

æľУϸԶʱǰ鿴ֻɨ˼ۣʱͷ
ĲʦһװʦΪÿ޳׵ͨ˳ɻ
ںɫϲ
кмȴЩֹѾ·ںͨǷת޳ֵļһʰͷں鷳
ȫ⣬Ψֱһħ
УԨȴûȹǣȪԱ֮ϣ˲⼸ͷºݵġ
ת˲䣬һɻֺħϢת
ħΧ춯أߵĺУںֻܲǸоƥħѹ֮£ͷ亹򣬾Ԫͬһ㣬á
ֻƱµĿֲħΧУһ߰׳βտ߷ħȪϿգ˫ͬͫüһƬɫˮۣץһ£κںֶͨҲһ
ͬʱȪ֮ǲϢֲħϣһͷ֮˲ԭʧ

ɽһӲݴУݺðͷʱͷֱͨͨһĻһ֮ɫ
𶯣ϹѾնɱˣִܳģ˿ֲڶԷûҪе


179 ʬ
¡¡
ȥɲ֮ͷ֣׹˸ֻͣǿޱȵͬӶ
ֲܵΧݺɫһףҶ֪дͨע⵽Χı仯
Դ˵غɨԲδ̫ͣãֻȻúвͷ顣
ǲˣĳпǳԲ
һ̴ӲݴһԶԶߣӴȻ˴ҴߵݺУֻǲδ⡣
Ƭ֮󣬲Ӵʱջأ
ľħգͨߣݳ⣬ǿ߶ɫ𶯡
ɷ֮Ǻ
ݸʲôʱ˿ֲ
һЩǿǴһ˿ֲ˺ݸ˵ãٷ֮˴ùģڲ࣬ǱܿΪã
һЩ˶ԣͷܡ
ǿħǣסݳǴ󲿷ǿߵעҵж
ʱڰУoȻ顣
ܹ£ɹϣ󣡡
ֻٳգѰң
Σϱܴ֮ɣ

ݸڰУһϹԶԨɫתüһƬˮεտɫڻʧ
ǹͨԨϤΣܿҸط»ģ塣
ģȷǺǿ
Ϲ֮˲ᣬҲΪ鷳
ħģ̫ע⣬ǿע
ģʹýһۣǷ
ʱĶԨĿһʱ΢ǹתȫһЩ
עڹģϡ
ۣһ崫֮ȫۣһʻһֱԴУΨһԣ
ģ壬ԨĿת˲һкܿΪ̾Ϣ
κ˻ۣܵһ˿ԴȾתΪһˡ
һֻһλҶǶǿߣ綾Դ
΢ǾУԨһѡںۣΪһλ
صħ
Ԩʱδȡ
Ԩʱ룡
⹦ģǴģ壬һλλɽ޽֮ԼĴӡ
ٳۣ˻ؽһͷջ񼫴
Ԩ𽥴˹ģȷʹģʽ
ʱ΢ֶһղأԼһװʦ
Ԩһξֱͨйڡ


ۺڵȴźں޳ɻط緵ͨٽ̺ںͨ
һֱںںֻкںѧ֮ķǲлȾָ
˭úںǿ
ͼ䣬ɽУȴһֲħմӺɽ
ô£
Ůͷһ飬ʶλһӴܡ
Ӵ֮࣬ۺʶɽ
Ȼ֪ô£ۺȴͷ˿ֲħ֮£ĸ׺͵ܵʮа˾Ѿˣ
ۺͷ𺳣ЩѹȻ鵭ĮǳϦദǧ꣬ûи顣
ǰȥȴܣ
ۺںϧԼǺò׻һ鴫С
ֻǲŴ벻ãʱȴͷһƬ£ƻΪۺУۺȫת⣬ҲƲƬ
㻹ȥ
һŻƹתһλͯʱӻг֣ʱüëŭһָƬƶʱΪһϡ
ͯ
һĻۺŵûɢͷԭɽеľ飬˴͵ɽһλ˵ĵҩ飬ֻӳ
ծȻһ򲻹
ͯӲ͵ȡ𵤺飬ĸ׵⡭
ۺԻԭΣæġ
ͯһֻڷۺѲ飬Ƭȴüͷȵ
㣬ȥˣ
ĸ׺͵ܵϣСô֪
ۺ۾תͯҪΪ·ֻҪҵĸ׺͵ܵܣѲؽ𵤺飡
ˣƭңԼȥһ飡
֪ͯۺϵ
һץۺһɫ࣬һ۵ķǹɿֲħȻѾʧˡ
̤ͯƣǰɽֻ̽Ǻɽ޺ںټ
ͯǳʧȥ˷򣬵׼ŷۺȥ
ͯ׷飬ɽеͷ꾫ͷ꾫ͷʧûȥ
ͯɫЩգƬ̻һ

ݸڣԨʱ鷿ڲǬ󣬴ϸģֻǲŴԨʱע⵽֮
Ѳת΢⣬Դ˲һ΢ǹⷨӡӦ
˲ſʼϸϸже飬жٴŽâ鷿֮ƮźƵ󣬵ɫĴзɳһޱȵķʽԨԪС
άʱֻȽɫϤԨڣԨ˫˫ڳҽâ
ɵʮһ
ȫƣͥĳһ顣
Ԩʱ˫дϲ֮ɫڡ
̺֮һ˵
һ˵аŴͨط緵𣬵ߵɽأҲ֣ȸ
ΣɱŻٵԣϡΪȫ档
һιתȡ飬ΪӢľ
ΪԨϲĻиһֱͨɣo̫ҵĵͳС

ͥ¼һ󴫳С

鷿֮ڣз֮ԨԱߵװʦһ
Ԩϸе
ϸԨɫΪԥƽͣȷޱȡ
и⡣
ǷɣߵĽɵС
Ⲣ⣬ֻת˼·ɡ
Ѱ½ɵһҪһ챾ţ׳Ӥ
ɵ·ӣǨתλ֮رԴϣӳգǿޱȡ
ǲ֮·Ҳֱȳɽɡ
֮Ҫ
ַΪ
ǵҺγԪ۶Σ̥Ի
ԴԲ壬طȡڤڤеһԴԴ˳ɾͽɾ
ɾֱ֮ΪϾ
ÿһϾĳɾͣҪĻԵˡ
ֻ䣬ϸأжԨҲ֪
أ֮·ЩҪo
oֻҪԲԴԵһϣ֤Ͼ

Ϊ΢ֻҪ΢ǱԴɣȵ΢ԲͿԳ֤Ͼ
Ԩʱɫƽ
ôһȣoͨϾ֮·ϣҲżơ
ҲȻ
ӵ˾޴ƣЩߺoΪڵִ֮ı뷣Դ淴o֮

Ԩĵ׶Щңһ֮ϵǰһæöǰ治֪Ҫ·á
˵̤֮½ɵľ磬΢ҪɾͣȻҪʱ䡣
µõȵϾλ֮
Ͼλ֮Ҳû취һ
ŵ΢Ǿ֮λԨ΢̣ѾϤһ־λ
پλ񣬵ȷܹõ˽ӳ֣΢ᱩǡ
ԾǨ統ټҲŽӽ΢ӡλ
ǽָӵǹ⣬ҪԨƵ΢Ǿ
ʱģǹ˼ӳֵԻδκ
ǹټ֮壬ǿԲʳˣ
󲿷־Ƿˣûʳ

еɶԣ½ɾоתתԲ֮󣬱̤ܳɾ硣
oԣתζҪ۾ŵƲȫԴ
oĽ

΢ԴԨż΢ԴķʽӦǽ΢ǣ΢ڵıԴͨؿ߻þĿ顣
ֻҪ΢ڵıԴ΢ǱԴ΢壬Ԩܹܿгͻơ
Ͼ΢΢񣬽ɾ̫ѣ

ҪϵĸԲֶΣؿ߻þ
Ԩĥ󿳲񹤡
Ͻǵؿ߻þϲߣҲҪнװһ
ǿһȥ

鷿ڣԨԺлеһЩҪΪoҲΪס
һЩУҪĲϣ޵ľѪ޵ڵҩ
ҪôǶԣҪ󼫸ߡ

Ԩѡһܹʱ֮ڣ޳ɵġ
еԨ֮ǰһµĵط
ϹУؼʮ̫ʮ̫Ϊ֮ӽ֮յòľׯڿݽΪȰգһ¾ŸڣӴ˵ˣ
ŽأǻΪŴ媹Ȫ
֮ǰԨһȪиܵһ˿ޱȵ̫ϢԨɻɣһͷʬ
һ媹Ȫ
媹Ȫ޳ͨ°빦


180 ֮
ݳ򸮡
ݳǮǮТ
ǮʮУԽҳԱ
Ӣţ󲻸ʣҹХʹ
Խǰѹԭ׼ɱֻ䵽ҳԱӢţ뷷Ϊλִ˾Ȩһƶ
ʱ˾֮ڣǮʱɫأڶųſڵαϡ
֮ڣɫ̴ӳɢȻ𴢴治٣ǮȻЩǡ
ֻϿһɢȥƣӳ˾Ļڴ˽˾𶯡
һöССķӡ
öӡСȴŨѹס˳ĵóеǮ򶯵ã
ʱںڰУһ
ǮͶɣ㲻ǱĶ֣˾Ȩͬ˾Ȩȫѹ㣬翹Ȼһ
кξ壬Ҫñۣͬ
ǮТˣɫȴȻȻһɫڷɳɲǼ仯貽ͷ¡ͷѿ
ɫޱȣԵܻ籩˺˾ϣöɫӡҲǵɶ
޴
ԱԵϯӰɫһ䣬ŨתæӴܡ
Ƭ֮ǱޱȵĴӽɫиֳޱȡ
ɨټĳ˾Ѿըѹ˾ӡЩ
ϸһƬǽ塣
˾𣬲˵棬ϻֺĳһ𶯣ĳųѾ̮
ȴǽŻ˳нʣµй٣Լһֹ䡣
Ӱ۾һһĻɫЩŭת˲侲
ֻ׷ɱⰭµĺݳǵļƻҲѾɣ
ӳһٵһֳoǴҪģ
һһڹȻûС

ͨиԨ֮󣬲δٴη媹Ȫ
Ϣڷͣʱܻ媹Ȫ鷳
ͨиڣԨת΢ǾȨ˶ΧѲߵһ񽫣o
ԬһúһʣЩoΪҪְأ
ǲ⣬Ԩٲõö΢ǾȨЩ֮o
ͨиڣĿ΢ǹӳ֣貹һƬƬޱȵɫϼޱȡ
oȴںԩҲ޷ҵȱֲۣаȣ
⺰ԩǳеҹ񣬳֮Ա߻жŵԼԼһλ񽫡
oȻںԩȴ˿
λٴµĵЩǵΪ΢ĻҲͰˣУܹ΢Ȩʵ
䡭
Ԩɫ΢΢һ˵ط֮Ҳܹ÷Բ֮o
ܹʿǲ޳䡣
Ʃɽɵĵʿɽɵʽӣܹ˼ǵõϲԵϿɣϲԴ˾ķͳӵʹйٽܵ
һЩɽҰʿ÷ͳ޲䣬ΪûȨ
ǿʲô˿ǵ˵Ůк
ԨĿҹԼʵǿϡ
ҹ񽫶ǳoΪ
ˣҵȲ֪
ҹҡͷ
ɫԥƬ̲ŵƺǸŮӣ
ƺ
Ԩһɫơ
񽫵ͷҵȱߵʱֱӱװһ¯Уʵ޷ֱ棬ֻС񱻾֮ǰ˷ǸŮӣ
壿
Ԩ΢ʱɫһĿڵķ
ƾ΢ǾŷоһɾҵĿŰһţصй˲ңȻܿ챻ѹһŵı仯ͷɡ
ԨĿתڼoϣ߰ɣУмĪҪ͵ˣСǵְ
ǣ
oԾ˿ҲƵ뿪ͨи
Ԩͬʧڸۡϡ
ǰԨɫǹ̤֣Ŀɨʱ俴
ĵһ˿ĸо
ξٲ̤룬ܿһƬһ˾ǰ˾ʧȥѹ˳ή˾Ľɫû⣬˻⻪ڱԵת
ͨǽoһЩǿĸoӵнֻһ֮ң
ݸĸȴɱˣ
𾪡
Ȼֵһͨڡ
Ԩ˾֮ڣܵħŨ֮⻹ζԨɻ
ⶫʮֺ


181 ͨ˳
ۣ媹Ȫ
֮йķ粨ȴԨһϮ媹ȪΧ
媹ȪȪðݣΧļˡ
ĵػͨԨһƸˡ
ڶδ媹Ȫ̫
Ԩ֪ǸȺǿ϶媹Ȫ̫µһͷ׹֮ء
룬ԨڽȪϣһȪγһȪأ·Ȫˮů
Ԩһӣһղüڰǳ֣Ǭл˲仯ΪһǬΧ
ԨݷĹ⻪γŴ۶ȥ
ֻƬ̣Ԩоһɷ˼Ŀֲ˷
һƬɫء
ػ𶦷УԨʱҽɽҽɽŵɫâ
̫𣡡
Ԩɫһ̫һʽдͨľѲϡ
ҪеĻдͨǡط緵𡱣
ط緵Ƿ뷢ķҲԵһУ޳֮ٿطܹķֱأֱɡ
ԨδѰҽںǣнںǣҲû취ɡ
޳ɻط緵֮ͨѰҡ

Ԩһ̫𲢲رʢĵطٻɽӶ
ͭѹΧ׶۳ͼ
Ԩȡϸ鿴е
ط緵ͨΪĵʣ壬л壬ǳ壬ԴӦͨ
嶼ޱȣǳ壬޳֮ڷ֮֮ȥɸУνʮǿ
ֻ޳ֵеһ֣ط緵ͨ⡣
Ѿӵе壬޳ֵ壬ֻñ취ͨԣٹͨ⣬Դ˲ط緵

е׼ˣԨģ
׶۵ͼУٴηɳԨĿһͨϡ
ط緵
ƺ͸ޱȵĴĽس֮ʱɳУسˮŰһƬãһͷֲзһͷɫ
ᣬΧӿ
ΧƵľޱȵ磬Լ
ʱԨžط緵ͨǷһĺĴУͨ绽һ㡣
𽣬ԨͨݻĴʮ˳
Ƭ֮ʱŷתлεɫ档
ⲢԨУУ޻УǷС
תٶԽԽ죬ڻγһΧĵػ֮ܵ˿˿˳ŷԨڣƽɫ̫˳ڡ
ΪԨա
ʱδһͷɫޱȵľ𶯻𺣡
һȦΧϤһգ֮ŻһɫȻûԨڡ
ɹˣ
ԨλӰ£ɫϲɫʱ߶УʱһƷȻͬߴػУػᰡ
һ˿ɫУ֮еҡΣɫϯ֮أһҽɽΪޡ
ԨüһĻ
ط緵ո޳ɣӵֲֿı֣ͨǱ
ط緵ܹٿصķ𲻽ѰǿΪǿ磬
յķԽǿͨͻԽ
Ԩԭޱȣ˻ںֻ̫ͨǿ

޳˻ط緵֮ͨԨΪ⣬âԭתλǰȥ
ǻݷš
Ƭ֮Ԩһҽ϶֮ǰԶԶҽ϶ɫâŨޱȣͬһСС̫
һͷɫŽɫ棬Ϣſڵصס
ͷеİѾϢֻѾʧȥۼȻͬһܣɫ̫Ũޱȡ
ȷ̫ڣ
ԨɫжݣĻһϲ֮ʬع屦
þ޴
л壬ɽھѪ޳ɽڷ࡭
лյ޳ɷ֮ȻҲΰ죡
ȻǴĽ֮ʬҲǼֵ޴
Ԩһ룬չģһģ֮ںǷлֵڶֹ̻ģ壿
пܣ
ĿǰģǿԨģ壬Ҳ۲š
룬Ԩһ
ǷӡֻǸʾ
֮ʬԨڰ᲻ߣֻܸԭء
ǽ֮ʬĳ⣬Ҫڵһʱ֪ȡ߽ʬ֮˵ݡ

˻޳˻ط緵ͨԨģ׼Ż᷵΢С
ԣĿǰеУΪ΢΢Ȩ΢е΢Դ
Ԩ΢⴦Ȫ֮ʧ󲻾ãȪϿ߲ɹո֣öĽ֮
㣬˵ȪǴ˴𣿡
һ
Ƭ̣һΪڴ𣬵Ǵ˴ˣ֮ǰҾͲ˵֮࣬鿴Ǵ˵оŴ媹Ȫ֮һȪ̺̫Ϣڤڤܹһؼ컯ҵдкô
ԣһڵˣҵȾڴ˴Σ
λ㣬Ҿ鲻˵ع㣬ͽ𽶷ҲδԶҵÿ¶˵ԡһ˵컯УҲ滺
УߵӰУλɫӵĻŮĿһ鲻
ɹתܿߵӰϼڽȪ֮ԻɼǣλŮЦ䣬ȥȪ
ͬʱȪΪء

ʱʮ￪⣬һƫԶСɽ壬ͷСɽиţڵĵططһ˼ңֵܣϴ֮ǰȢϱϱ۲ãһ˼ŰռµǷغͼҵ
ʱɫ΢һŮȴţſڣƿڴ
ָţڵһͷţӲǱӣ
ʱţУ걳ŸŮ˯ţʱпһڵĺƤͷڰƣ۽Ứ
ϻЩ󲡳Ԫδ
ˣ˵䣡Сոջָ
ԱһСȰ˵ţȴ˸ŮŮҷϣ֪޸Ҫ˵ʲôҲ޸㣡
˵꣬⸾˫Ŀŭɣϴ̬ҵģ˵仰˵˵ǹˣ
֣ȴǸʵԿԿ꣬Ҳ˵һ仰
ɩˣί
ۣǵֵֻһǶģãߣ
˵ݺһ˦ţȥˣϴ˿һţķֹԥƬ̣ǸŻ˷䡣
ţѾ档
ʱţͷţۿһĻԻĲмɫ
ʱԶɽɽ֮£۲ɼ߲ϼ⡣
ͷţԶɽԻ߲ƣһһĵ꣬ţһ˿Ц⣬۵׻һ˿ħ
Ͻţ·ֻϴ֮ʱ˽ħ·
˻ػظǣıͥѿ

ҹɫغݳǣʱڽԪڣԨ֮ϢŨһ˿Ѫɫƹ⡣
ζ
ԨɫЩݸĳر˻ɱԨƺоһʮֲ
жһǵĿ
Ԩͷ²ţʱĿС
ڰУԨǲżֻҪԷٴζץסԷβ͡

ͨţһԨ˳ֵ׼΢ǹ˸һԵϳ֣Ԩһ֮䣬ֱ̤ڡ
Ԫ΢ǹ⣬ȻЩͨиų΢ǹⴹ䣬Žأ΢ͬľ
Ϊҵһ΢ӡӡĻӣȷ˲ã
ʱںڰУ΢ǹ⽵ٵ󾪶˲ˣԼo
δ֮ǰ΢ӡ⿤֮΢ǿֻδϣ΢Ǿ֮λ
ֻǾ΢ǾѾԶˣʵڿǣ

ڰУһ˫˫۾ٻɫѹƸոպãÿѹа֮ѹȲ̫ǿӰˡ
һλ΢Ǿ֣ٵٴ󱦣ⲻǿߣ档
˶ԣһ΢Ǿĳ֣ͬǲǵ
Ҹᣬܹλӵնȥһܹһ˰ˣݳ
ǿߵ뷨
һʱͨиãʱ׷ݸԴԨʵֻǹϹֺ꣬ʵԿӡǿпӻɣ

ʱ΢ϣԨͷһ΢ǡ
ͨϿֳĶԨ⣬΢ǹŪĺƵ󣬱ƻС
ȻҪ΢ǣй¶Щ΢ǱȻ
΢ǵؿ߻þȣй¶ʲô
˻΢УԨʱ΢Ԫļͬ


182 ٵأ
̤΢ǣԨͬصĸ̥Уëײ΢ǹ
Ԩ̧ͷĿȥֻΧһ΢ǹӿ΢屾ԴʣԴԴϲ
ָͨоԨͬһһԵ΢ǹܡ
΢ȨϤڣԨоʱͶ֮䣬Ը컻أǿᵽ˼㡣
΢ǾȨ
Ԩʱһ̾ȻЩȣδʧ񣬺ôҲǾǿģ壬Ȩǿĸоδʧ
ΪʱĿԺأɱķܿͻܵѵ
Ȩʵ̫ǿˣ
Ԩͷ̾ţ⻹ֻ΢ǾһȨ
ɫתԨδǰĶٹڣֱ΢ڵĵڶȥ
Ԩκܿ·Ǿ
ڿǾ⣬ԨһǵϿŨǳԣɫЩ΢̾
Ҳ΢ǵĲ
ǳ㶼΢ǵ֣ԶȻȻȺǹ΢ǣ΢ǲ֮λãǿǿ
ֻǼΪǿһöǳ
΢۾֮λĳ̶ֳ֫ˣ
֪ͥʴ۵ֱʣĳλеֱʣ
Ԩš
ͷδûź
פƬ̣ԨǳУ쳣ǿһ֮⻹ǳ縣»ǣƩɱƾƶ޲TȵǿѾ
̫ǣ̫Ҫǳ
ǳǾλ΢ǾҲǲ̫࣬Ǿһֱ͵ڹ㺮²ܣɵŶûд
̫Ǿ̫ǾԴӽһ֮һֱδͬۼΡ

ԨŲٲʯ㳡֮ǰͷǹҫǰһϺɫѷ측֡
ɽӶ֣ϸӦƬ̣Ԩٴġ
Ľ⣬ԨһһϹѷ

Уأ̤գԨʱصΧֻһ֮£ΪЩɫ䡣
ֻΧһƬȫ޵ĵطԨĵԨһŨϹ⸡֣һɫת˲Ϊһž޴ɫǳӰ
ͬʱԨĿȥƬ̫ᣬػĻֺУƺʱնʧȥ˴ڵ塣
ʲôطûκҲκʱոƺͷתЩѣ
ʱԨſԼԼƼһֺӰճ֣ΡʥɫۣĿ˵أ
΢۾
ӰԨĿ΢΢һֺֻӰĿԨϣƺκθ飬Ԩ
ߣܹƬԴͷ˵һǿߣķܹԴͷҲǵļֻһΣҿˣԸ̫
˵һ̫λ΢۾ΪЩϷʣȴȻֻؼϡǹճ֣ЩǹԨת˲ɫ䣬ֻշ·Ҷ
ԼԼһӰأһӺݺ̫ʱȻѡ
ٵأ
ۿһĻԨȻĿɴԺһ˿ŵ𺳡
ؿ߻þ󣬲̺ؼ伫ΪһЩӡڿٵ޴ؿ߻þӦǲγɡ
΢Ǿʱϳ̶Ͼ漰صԴֻþ̫ں
΢۾ǿҲܹ̻
ԨͷԣҲ֪Ǿ޴ĻԵ
¡¡
ʱ̫ʱѣƬ˺ѣײӦƬƬ
ԨιЮڻУɲǱ˺ѣΪƬϾɽӶ˲䣬ҲѾʧˡ
⵽ô£ģǻþ
ԨԺнʣͷ˾δκλңʼյͨļ֡
˶ֻ˵ˣôΣѾ޷ת֡

žͻôڴ˴
һԪ񱻹ЮУܿ챻ûԨֻܸ沨֮޾Ĺ¶į
Χ֪ǹ˶ʱ䣬Ԩֻܹо΢ԪΧĥκιԡ
ÿһپԨо΢Ԫܼ΢Ԫ΢Ϊһ壬ΪһöӲޱȵӡ
Χĵǹܿ챻ĥĥ֮ӷԽӲ
ֱһ죬ؼȻԨԼһȻϢΪ˫Ϊ£ͷͺ뻯Ϊǳ̨ϸΪһϹֱ졣
΢ǣ
ԨĿһ飬΢Ǽ׷ȥ
о׷ö΢ǣʮҪ
ΣҪ׷
Ϲ⣬Ԩٶ쳣Ŀ죬ͬһǣ𣬾ɲǼ׷ǿųɫǳ֮Ϊһ壬Ϊһž޴ɫǳǻתѹ֮⣡


183 ֮Ұ˴ر
׷֮Ԩʱ֪Ϣںϵö΢Ԫ
˿̣ԨоڲǺе΢ǣͬһСС΢֣õ񷾫ϳɳ
֮ųƥɫǹ⡣
ڲ֮ϣͬȶļ
Ԩо̤ĽԪͬӳգϤؼΪһ壬ڤڤĮĮУ΢ǻ΢ǳɳУȻ칤죬Ϊ̿Ϊͭԡ
ϢԨ»ûһ΢ۣ΢ǹת彻㼯ԲϾ
˾Բڵ΢֮壡
ǻ棬ǲȱ棡
ԨԺĸдϲ
ֱ仯û޴
ֱϵӳڵ壬Ԫϵı仯΢Ԫʱ֮֮ǰӵͣ΢⣬仯⣬Ტá
Ԩһָо֮ǰ΢Ԫ͵۶ɣʱ΢ǻ΢
ʵϲˡ
֮ǰ΢Ԫͬǧ۶ɣ΢˼ĵ̡
þؿ߳Ƶ΢еĴ֮أ֮һԴͷ֮Ҳ̫ţ
Ԩʱ̤Ӵ΢ǣ΢ɨǬ
֮棬
ɷУĿԶ
Զ䣬Ǻγɣ֮Źԣһöö̫ǳԻ֮Ǻǹӿͬǹ½ðǺӡ
ǿĹ裬ֻһδ顭
ԨԹһĻһ΢дУԨѾ֪ؿ߻þ
ǰһУһöޱȵĿں˵ؿ߻þ
Ҳ΢мֵĴлþ֮һ
⴫лþʮգǲڿǻصͦΪʱ¼ĥ𣬾˳ҲԪشԻָĵˡ
ͷԴ֮ʱδѰҵıǳǳ̰ռһţҲܵɣȫ
ֻںǳܻһֱԴ
Դͷĵؿ߻þУôûôѵãҲûô׵á
λ۾Ҳûڶܹ飬ֻǵҪΪһЩ𣡡
Ԩͷ²š
ˣԨ벻ӡȫȡڡ
Ͼǿӡ
ȻҲп΢۾޷ȫȡ⿪ӡһֲиʣĵϵ
ΪΣÿ̽
ԨţֻҪȫ΢ȨȻ֪ࡣ
Ϲһ
ѷΧľ޴㳡ϣŨɫǹ˹ƮƮصת
ϼУԨ̤ճ֡
һ΢ۣǾ죬ʥЮ΢ǵٲȻͬƿزǿյĵ۾
ֻѷ죬Ԩʱͻ룬һԣȥһ֮󣬵ڶλܷ롣
ܷëǾ޴ô
룬ԨٴνѷԵתϺڹŵѷ죬һٴ̤С
ֻأ̤УԨʱٴθܵǿٵصĺ
ֻһǾ޴Ԩδǰ˺ѵĸоȫ̳ԹߣҲκ֮
ֱǺӵתٴλظʱѭС
ֱ仯ԨΪҡͷӦ͵ĵؿ߻þǱʩ˽
Ԩ̫ʷڿһбʼǣ˵ظͬһؿ߻þδκ֮У
̽
ԨϹ⣬Ź㳡֮΢ڶ
Ƭ㳡֮ǶʮǾʮʮ޽ӳ
׻ȸ䣡
Ԩڶʮ޵ǰפۿ¶Ȥ֮⣬ⲻɽɽУѪȪ֮ǰĸ
ʮ޷ֱĴʩչ̺
ʮϹâӳҲ̺Ǻ򣬻γһʽͨ
Ԩͷ뷨
˫ð鶯⡣
Ҫʱ䣬аõĺôõ˵
Ԩһ˫ɨʮ޴
ʮ޴֮Ųٱɢ⣬ֻʮԲһ壬γ˶ʮ޴ıﲢá
ƿʮ޴Ҫʱ䡣
ԨѡԱ˹ȥǰһֺ
̫
̫ȺǶɷУһȺ񣬵λ֮ͣ׵ֵ̫ꡣ
ֵ̫꣬ľִһ֮ڵĻףȨҪǹָ»ǣѹ˾
ԣ̫ߣ֮䡣
ֱΪӡ
ȫ긣ˣȨȷǼӵŷǷ֮࣬δϣ
Ԩţ֪΢Ǿع飬λ
ޱǾδһҪرעһλɡ
ԨΪ֮󣬾͸ǣҲս

̫֮Ԩٴοһš
תŵؿ߻þϢ
΢еڶؿ߻þ
Ԩؿ߻þɫЩɡ
һؿ߻þĿ˳ޱȵĹˣǵڶؿ߻þδؾô׹ȥ
ȻѾˣԨǾпһ
Ԩٲ̤֮ڣǹˮһӿٴνؿ߻þ֮ʱϸȥֻ֮ʱȴһλɫֵɽڡ
ɽڳһƬŨϹ⡣
ͬ뵹⻪ɣ͸
ʱɽڻһ޴ʯ
Ǿ޴ʯڸӦ΢ǹϢӿ֮ԨĿȥֻ޴ʯϣһʥ嫵ӰԻ
쳣Ϥ
΢ǾƵľƸΪĵۣᣬӰԵУʧº͡
΢۾
Ϸ
ֻӰЦ˫оЦ⣺
ܹ˴һǹµļߣһε΢Ǿ
ʮƶԨĿΪһͷЩ֮ǰ´ˣ΢һרĴؾ
ƺǶԨͷ뷨ΡӰ˫ִϹƺδԨֱߵ˶ڡ
ϣǹΪһ΢Ǿ׼֮أ
ؿ߻þеؿ߻þͬ˵ĶأΪȹŻ»˲С˼ٴۡ
ۣ
ԨĿһԨͷ𶯣΢۾֮ͥһܹһ۸ۣ⴦ؾ⣡
ֻ΢۾˵꣬ǺһЦ¶һ˿֮ɫƬȴɢˣֻն
΢Ǿ˴˵΢ļߣؿ߻̺ŹΪһЩܷȫ컯Ϊ֮
ȻȰҪ֮Ҫڴ˴
£޴ʯϵֱʧ
⡭
ԨΪЩʧٵӰ
λ΢۾δ̫ˣ
Ԩ̾˿һлǵÿԼ
һǻһϹɳɽ

·ɽԶ䣬Ԩתݷٶȼ죬ؼѲӣżԣǽ¶ݹ⣬ǰѯʣǰݷá
ԨŪǺηؽ硣
һɽ֮ϣԨžзɳ΢ǹת
ԶԶȥߵԶɽΡ룬һçӭ濪ֻçдһ˿
ڴˮ֮ǰçѾ²һ㡣
ȻçʱǳصĺˮѾɢˡ
Ңãλǵ˴˴λҲһʱˣѾλ
޼ɵĺˮؼָ
£޳˹֮ʿĴɱЩ˷ˣںˮϮ岿ħ
º嵥ˡ
ʱгɣ˵ǿߣνҡ
⴫Ŵһ֧ĻԯʥѪͳ
ܹؼ
ԯʥȻԶȥµü࣬Ѿγ˲ǿ岿䣬Щ岿ʵʵǿĲ졣
õǵ֧֣˰߽ɽ
ԨʱƬȴڳܱߡ
֮Ұ
αĺ࣬ߵ֣
ָþǴ˴
ز̣ȴأԨĿ򳤽ڴ˼䣬ȫ׷Ѱ΢ǵĸӦ
֮Ԩһֱת΢طϸӦ
΢۾µ컯϶΢йأֻҪ΢ǸӦ϶ܹЩ
𣡣
ʱԨĿԶֻоӹĽϣˮſգһŨޱȵڿգһͷޱȵڿնʱû֮һУܿʧ
ˮо
ľçȴϡ
ʵϣǽֻǳˮµСɫ
ʱɲǷӡرԴ֮ĺԴĳˮϵ
Ϊˮϵнڻƺӵˮؼλͬˮڲ֪˶ԶŴϹޣoʿС
ҴȻ³ǡ
Ԩ۲ˮ΢۾֮ȴҲԽ׳أ
ҸᣬΧΡ
ԨţȻԨɫһֻǰȻһ
ͬ籩ע
йԴ쳤Хű֮ɫ


184 
һƺܵȾŨıŷӯçأ֮Ұһͬ
ʲô𣿡
ܵƣԱԨʱ¶ȣɫ𶯼䣬ҲŨԴͷȥ
ת˲Ϲ⽵һߴɽϣԶԶǰɽ£һĶͣ
ǶһŨɢıζ
£
ʱ֮ϣ֮һλ¶ɫ
лףϣˮ񹲹ϣâϣһλλ󳼣¶л֮ɫ
˴һεĳѲ
˴ѾϵԼһѲû뵽Ǳ·ϡ
֮⣬һλλǿ߹ذ˴λ干
΢ǹתԨγԶĶѾǿoһĻδ⣡
ԭ干˴ˣ
ɽϣڶ󳼱ݵĵԨɫ̾
û뵽ոս˴Ѳ·ϡ
У˴ڶʮʱТټ˴ҢΪ̳ˡ˴ˮҢδɵʢҵƣ̷ͳһ⡣
ͬ¾޴

֮⣬ˮתˮڣƬȴһoάһۣʻӰˮϡ
ĳ֣Ϊ֮𶯣
ˮеıԴo
ԨȥֻǸӦԴoϺæջĿ⡣
ˮʱλͬͥеǺ֮ȻҲ󣬵޴˵ʵС
ԨʱͷЩЩoʵ磬ӦҲڵġ
ǲ֪Щн֮󣬻Σ
֮ụɣ
Ǵ˵еĴ޽ɣ᲻ʱϻͶӰΨһ

ԨʱټУ֮ͬ⣬еɫƹ֮ӿͬٲ˴Ľϡ
еƹ£ķ
Ԩ̧ͷƹ֮һԻΡ
ͭߣ֯оۼ򱦵裬гĽǮģʱתת˲ʧ
֮쳾֮ɣ
˵
ԨĿһĻɫ𶯡
ĿȥЩ˵󲿷᲻ãٲһ֮󣬱Ѳһִϡ
Щ󳼸ǡ
Ϣǿᡣ
ֻ칦֮УһӰʱ˴ΧΪһâˣϸȥݺ͵˴òơ
Ǳ֮꣬ǿ
֮⣬ͷһ޺˸Ż֣ŻӰӰ´£ƺ֣ʢͳһ㾰ƹ֮лΪ⣬Լġ
Ϊ׻λۣݻϣǴȱǴЦӰ
ǳ֣صӳգϼߡ
ǵĳ֣ɢб⣡
һλֳĻӰЦʵܣϲ㹦Բƶаɣ
һĻѲвٴ񣬴¶֮ɫæϥء
ϲ¹ԲƶУ
ɫӰ΢΢֣λ䲻ض񣬹֮λܹһ
ڳæ·ģ
ˣǽɫӰףλһûͷŻУӰƬʧϼУ
ԶɽϣԨ𶯵һĻ
ƶĴؼ䲻Ǵ˵ʵڣ
ʱԨǿס΢ǹ𶯣λʥͳ֣΢⹲
Щʥó˻λ֮ǰ벽֤˵۾֮λǵƷʣҪԶ
˴һλ۾λ۾ƶ֮˻ܹԹٻֱУ
ȻڴѾ޳˻ʣǲҪɱ䣡
£
ʱǿޱȵϢתλŮǸϵ֮ʱÿ˴һĻ۽ˮ
£Ҫǣ
λŮͬǷҪϣȴǽת˲ţѾ׷֮
λŮģһλλ½ϵǿߣԼǿo
ҲΪ˴У
ԱһλŮǰȰ˵λڰ˳䣬ȻţҲǺһ㣬ƶмУֻҪλﱣ壬δ֮ʱ
ϸȥλŮ޾ףеˮת
λԼǣҪ壡
ԱߣҲмλ󳼷εӰǰȰ˵

Ԩԣɫ𶯡
ϹŮŻǷŮ
кӲģί¼ޡţ
ԨɫƳ·ԱλŮӦþˮŮŮӢ


185 
λŮǵҢ֮ŮӵѪͳȻҲħǿߡ
ʱ£ԣԲǧΣ಻
ͷľɽϵڣγ嫺
ͷɽԨѾ²⣬Ǵ˴Ĺڵľɽ
·ϣ˴Ѳ;бţڶ󳼺ͶŮӢջǾ˴ھɽϡ
ɽҲǶŮӢһԺڣСԳΪ˻֮ء
ԶɽϣԨǿڶǿߵĶ黺ɽϡ
ãڶҲˣǰΪ˴С
̫¡ˣĪǻ
Ԩڶǿڴָ£Χס˾ɽͷųǿʼɽ
Ԩɫڶoʿɽ
׫дϹŽơ
ϹŽ̺ǿܡ
ѹۣѹ
ԨԴżȤ
ܹȴϵ۾еĳ׿
Ҳɻ֮Ĳ
ֱ仯ԨҲʶõ۾񣬲Ϊǰᡣ
ֲԨͷ𶯡
ԭļƻ׼֮Ⱦλ
ڴУԨΪ΢Ǿ⡣
Ͼ΢Ǿ
δ⡣
ӦöһЩ׼
跨ٵҵᣬ֪
ԨĿžɽķڿӦĴС
ԨĿϸ̽ɽϹŽ˵ѹһַţȴв岨ת
һλŮʱԨǰ
˻ʱµļѾҪΪ²֮£⣡
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ԣԨЩϧջĿ⣡
о΢ЩϹŽƷ裬Щ
ȷ΢
΢ǹ֮Ҳй󲿷ֻδ΢ӡ޷ӵʵʵ΢ǹ⣬ֻӵһ
Ԩɾ΢Ǿ΢ǹ֮ǿӹɣ
ջĿ⣬Ԩ˵л¸֪ȷǲ񣬲һ΢Ǿ£
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˵ˣǾ汾ɣ
ȳžɽȥ
ԨʱϹɽһ΢ۣ˫ĿƲһԱ߳ˮϵҲǶ
ȻԨʱһ뷨
ˮˮϵۻ룬ȡǻȡ˳ݣǳ·ܻһ档
ˣԨ볢һ£ܷӴлɱ֮
λ֮Ͼһ׮£ԨԾɴ
һʯ

·ϣԨŽߵŮԨʵ
֪¿ʶƺӺӲģ
Ǿγԣ
ֻһʰˣԨ΢һЦ
ϣһ˫ĿɨһԨƬ˵ȷʶģƺӺӲÿ궼񸸻ʹгݣôǾҲʶƺӺӲ
ǵûУŻƺӺӲһʣ
ԨĿƽ¶ɫ
ӲʵǸ˶ҲʱܹΪ֮׻ƺӵĺӲ
ڻƺ֮ϵĲ䣬Գ֮󲻰ĸ֣һɡ
ӲĲ֪˵һţһˮɻ֭ҺͿɻΪ塣Ǿ͵ˮɻ
Ĵ˴ѰˮɻͳɻƺӡƺӡƺӣͻƺӴ򽻵ת۹˾ʮ죬һˮɻ˱һˮɻ֭ҺͿɳˣֻһ֮ʱǡûƺˮˡ
һԩԹҧгݵغ͸˻ƺӣ͵ȥƺӵ״˵ƺû˹̣ܽҰΣգּ˱˾ʮˮɻ֭ҺҲóˣӲΪƺӺӲ

ȻҲֻһ˵Ҳһ˵˵Ӳһˣƺӷ֮ʱڻƺӵУԹ
ֻǷĲľʹĬĬŴˮ֮һֱڻƺˮϵУգoİ£˻ƺˮǵˮͼƺӣ˶뷷ΪƺӺӲ

ͷЩ⣬λ΢ǾƺлҪ˵
˾ɽ֮ԨסھɽµıԺУǰס֮ǰȥ
ټ죬΢ǾʱھɽϵıټԨ
Ԩǰһֱһֲ²⣬ؿ߻þĴ֮ǰĴǷйʱԨ֪˴𰸡
ȫɵؾ
мǿΪһε˻ʣȴΪǫѷʿ
֪ԨֻΪıȡһְˬʴӦ
ǹְλֻһҪɢ٣ΪףԼʱĹԱ˵ҪũɣϢϢء
˵ҪΪӰ첻ת޹س
΢Ǿ֮Ϊ٣ʵǴСá
ԭŸλȴԨȫܾˡ
һ̸֮Ϊ⣬ǴλǹٶռԼ涼൱Ŀ
壬õĸũɣż档

߳ԨݴЦݡ
뵽ߣԨȻֻΪǹٵְλһӻҪ˵Ʃ׼ƾŶݡ
ΪһոսΪٵoȥͿʼϣʡ
κһλ˻ʣǣ˹ļƻҲţһ뷨ǻλoǲǱ뷨
ӦվȽŸ

ңְСòС
ʱ򻹲δǶʮĽⶼֳɵĹܱͣܲɹ£Ԩ֪ƾ˹ְǿԻôԼڶǿߵΡ
ڶǿߵΣһڳϹ䣬ѵܶ˵л

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Ԩ֮߳΢ǾΪǹٵϢת
΢Ǿǹ٣òٴ񣬹񶼼ΪȣȻҲǿǰء
һЩѰoǷ˴󳼣粮棬𢣡
棬ȻǷˣҲǳԺգһ֮һ֮
ʵ󳼣󲿷ֶǳԺգҪôãҪôã
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Ϊ֮ҲԣΪٳ潫
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ҲһλˮȻܹӴıԴƺƵޱȾ
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ԨĿͷЩ²⡣
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˴۱¼ݱǰ񣡡ݳء
ȷΪͱִ֮׵Ļƺӣ֮ʢɼһ㣬ƺӱԴ̫ڱŰ²ý
ԨĿ¿״Ƹ̾ũ𢲻ЦǰӲʱһֱʹ߶̽ƺӱԴ֮ʱ¶ԷҲΪأ
ԣԨĿֻ̽䣬û뵽õ֮Ϣ
λӲôڿʹ߶֮ⲻھư
ʷִƺͼ飬µȷӲƺӱԴ
λʱҲϾһеĴˮһͳ
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Ԩš
ԨӲĽӽ񣬵ȷһ壡
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ԨԭӦֻ֧֣кӲǸУƺ֮󣬻ݻƺӣܿ׿֧֣ıң
УΪˣ϶һˮСײˣ
οԨ˽ҲеСϾеķ˰ԣܲܿʦүİŮˡƭˣ

ڶ죬Ԩע⵽ӲƺѾȥˣˮȻˮ߸٣죬תƺŵ㱯֮δɢȥ
ȻǾ͹ɣ
ǿע⵽ʯϣפһӰ
Էһֱһھ黹㲻


186 ʮĽ
ԣԨʯ߳
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پǴķ٣Ŵʱȡľƣ֮ǣȴǴʧ
ԣһ٣ֻǺ֮ܿϣδλ΢Ǿ
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ԨһԶȥ񸳣ְĳ
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Ԩһ˫Ŀλ΢Ǿ
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Ԩ쿪ģһȻ֣ڴ˵֮ͬ꣡
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ȴڵͷ˼΢Ǿ˼˵ȷд壺΢ڿʲô뷨
ҾؼӦļ֣֮дĳգأÿʮ棬¸ʮա


187 Ӳĵ
ʵԵľȷڣԼǧ˿Ƶϵ
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磬ָ磬ν˹Ӱ
ԵĵλسǼӰ仯רŷš
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еĹܽЩؽܹͨǸõĽƬء
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Ϫˮߣoһ̸ѾԨ˵ͬʱҲλ΢ǾΪηźúõǾܵ˼䣬ڴ¡
ǺԨǰȥ΢ǾйڴƵ뷨֪ڴȻ˴򸾵ȫ֧֡
˻λ֮Ҳ³ƵԴȹ̻λԣż档

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ԱߣŮҲһ˫ĿԨϡ
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ƶҪºɳһ֣æˮ顭
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Ԩ˵벻٣ƶݣı仯ڴϣмѭֻҪĹ۲죬ҲƵһЩ
ֻˮǱǧˮϵУǧ򻯣ܹͨˮϵԾ
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ԴüͷȻ޳ͨԴҲͷۡ
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ԨΪ֮Ůȫ̰壬ҲԨλĺô
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ʦͷ粮һеĴս֮λΪԯʥոλһֱڰ
Ͼܡ
Ԩͷƣǵʦٺòˣ
Աߣ΢΢죬Ҳ±ҲܳһһϹˮܹͨǧˮԴȥʣ

߳ԺԨ˾Цû뵽¹ؼʱ̣Ըһ֮µܳ
Ŀ⵭Ʋ㲻Ҫ飬ɲǰ㣬ֻǰ壬Щļ޴󣡡
У΢Ҳ޳ԣo漰ʰԵ򣬴вһ汾ǰȥʣܸʴ˵ܹЩƵ
ԨɫһȻ֮ãЦ֮ף֮棬ܼʱ£Ǳ֮ңֻһողеoδܹۣ֮
òŵģʲس΢Ѿ֮ͨʸḸۣ֮
ˣǱ֮ң
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Ԩһߣֻüȴ
ԨĸףͷΪˡ

ڶ죬Ԩһoǿʼ˲ˮ֮á
ʦӵĵطڳ֮ϣ﻽ɽԨеɽʦɽ
ʦһλ׳ĬԣѾõϢˣԨ˵֮󣬱ǴӦɽ
һһ·ų򣬿ʼΪĲ֮á
˲棬ΪҲоӱһȫµзʽֹǺţȴЩͬ

Ԩ϶Ѿ˽Ȼ̣ʮ֮졣
ʼʮΪһ꣬ٴһлļļϸ˵ƽٶȼ졣
ȵʹ֮ʱѾ˴룬ʣµĽʮĽԨ£Ѿ߳Σ

ʹ֮أƺӲԶʲڵĵط﻽Ǫ̈̄
Ǫ̈̄Χϼ֯ƣɽУ滨ڶ࣬һЩ洦ɼ
ڲǪ̈̄ʱԨǿһϤӰһλ㰵
ʱλں⼸λo˵ʲôڽͨ
ԨһгȪɽ£ڶo׷׽Ŀ¶֮ɫ
΢ǾһлʦҪ֮£Ѿ˳˲С
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ĥ
в֮oĺôķһ
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Ԩ²⣬ˮϵ֮ǣϾˮܵƺӲСӰ졣
ֻǱӲĹԻ
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·ģǾҪбæĵطǾֱֻԣ
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֮䣬Ϊ͡
ԣԨףֻҡͷ
ҪӲҩⲢʱʱԼԶԶĸ˵
ֻҪ֮䴴ϰɣ

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˵ԣ֮ɫ
ԣ˷¶һ˿Ź֣


188 Ϲ
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΢ǾҲ֮֮ǣܴбʵʰԣҲǲ
ЦЦɫЩЦʰҲӲᴫҲֻŽԼͽܣߡ
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ԨĿһ˵˵ϹˮǻУǧˮ齺ײˮ컯ɵһ񣬴һ鱦
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һУϹˮΪɫȻûԨڣʧڴϡ

Ǫ̈̄һ̨ͤУԨھԱʦΧΪ
Ǻһ񣡡ԨĿһһ鶯ˮڣȫѪ⣬Ԩоһɳޱȵˮ컯ӿȫ΢嶼档
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δ᱾ĩ
ҲǹΣ
ҪܷģòֶΣ
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Ԩʹϰʰ

ʹϹˮ֮һҪְδͣãǼ;ˮϵ۲ˮ
ŵĶʮĽĸ֮Ρ
񻹽ƳһССĿھӳת꾪죬âﴦ¶ﺮ˪ѩѩСϰإһ°ǰإÿڲһ죡
ڶʮĽĳֵͬʱһΪʮ죬ʱԪ·֣֮
ʮԪʮ·ݡ
ƣܹоؼһɺԣһԪʼ£


189 ·
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ԨʦϻҲĿһĻۿؼһĵ
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УǰδеŨעΪçڡ
ǹڣһǹ󷨵Ĺ̨ϣԨϥƵǹתȫ
̨ϣͬһ־޴ɫգһĻȴ̨Χķţֻһ˿
Ҳܸ֪΢ǿܣѹã
ڸѡһ·ˣѡʲôĵ·
Ԩڹ̨Ժ˼š
е֮ڣööתһöö߼תʱûţһֱǿʵ
оתѰɻԪ۶Դ׳ӤճӤɳһСߺһ֤Ͼɡ
ΪޣԨֻҪöıɷתԴ׳ɷܹ֤ͬϾɡ
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ԨδֱЩԴ˻뱾ԴΪ½֮ѡ¹á
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Ԩڻһ·ѡ
ƹ˵·ӡ
ģ壬ߵһ֮·ԨԼ·϶΢Ǿ˻֮·ߵĶ࣬ҷҪС
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ܿͿԳΪһǿߡ
Ԩ·ӿխˣҺܵƣ
Ϊؼǣ˵Խ߽ҪĹԽ࣡

Ԩ룬ͷƫǰߣ
΢Ǿ֮·΢Ǿ֮·ҲѾ޳΢Ǿ֮δ̫ϧ΢Ǿ֮·չ˻֮·δֻȵһĹǰ
ڽⷽõؽ֮ܵ˴ߣʵ֮ʡ
Ϊ˻ʣǸܺõİԨһᣬܹɱĹؼط
Ԩɫ־

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ʱԨͷи𽥳뷨
Уǿ϶Ҫģ
Ԩʱ䣬ŲǬɷΧŸŹڣʱǬɷһǬͨĵ
ڵһλ֮ԨûмУǱһϢѡء

ƾŶʼˣ
һӳޱȵķΧ
ԨǵĽֵϣΧŨޱȵգڶǿ߶ڴš
մܣŶçһͳҲ顣
ԨǵĽֵϣ˴ССķʹߣЩʹ߲ٻħ֮ԳŴ˵ļ
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Ԩ룬ڵˮٸۡ

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һ΢Ǿһ˽ⲻ࣬΢һľҪ֮
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Ԩɫ档
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190 ˳ޱ
ǵ׽ݱ
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Ԩʶڵˮ
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ͬлƺ˾λܲδձԴͬŷͬѰ֮
Ϲˮǣƿˮ棬ѭϹˮԳˮڵĸӦ˾ֱˮ

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Ԩһ·̨ͤ¥ˮȹˮٵĴһ޴ˮɵĹ֮ǰ
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192 Ŷ
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ԨʱתüеӡǸ֡
ǻı־
ʱЩԨ΢ţǱ仯˻ϷʵoЩ𶯡
ؼ䣬иֵֹı仯֮
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Ԩʱ֪ôΣҲβɲûмʶoһʣԲõġ
Ҳܲ֡
ԣƲһԨû׷ʣκo϶ܣٸҲԸ
ֻĵȻ²⣡

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Ϊ˲⾪ϲɾţú׼һ
ƾŶ֮ʱд٣

ԨǹٹۡڵĹ̨׼ô˻ƻط緵ͨ
̨ϣһޱȵʯƯϡ
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̺һ֣硣
ǰ̺ɷС
ĵرԨȫûط緵ͨʵǵһС
𽻼ӣܸǿ


193 ۣ
ϷģʹýһϷ棬Ƿ
Ԩ̯ϡ
Ԩһۣδ⣬ظˡ
ʹñϷģʱѾûһϷ֣յУ첻ȡ޹ϵ
룬Ԩѡȡ
ȡ֮һɫû΢Ĺϣһɺޱȵг
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Ԩɫһ㶣ɫ˼
ֱ仯֮⡣
֮ǰɱϷģʱ򣬽ȡһϷֻ֣δ
ֱȡȻֱ룬Ҫ
ѡԨǻȡ֡
˱Ϸܻ֮ط緵Ҳǿȥǲ֪һʽͨкεܣ
ԨʱĿⷺɫ

̨ϣǶӳգԨǰϣһͼ֣תΪͼڵ硣
˿˿ķڣ֯ڤڤһɻֺԪӦײγɣΪԪ׽
зеʣǼѵĻᡣ
ֻԨ޴⣬ֻ컯Ϥ֫ϣȴҲ΢ѨҲõ˾޴컯
΢΢ǱԴںϼӿ졣
Ǹϵĸơ
ֱ仯У羫һգƿյ

֪ʱԨо̨Χǹ𶯣й͢ǰݴּ⣬һط
澭
Ԩһֽӹͬʱѯʵºﻹʲô¶
º֮ڣǹٴ޷޳طҪأ
͢ɫʱĿǰ΢Ǿ𾴡
λǹĴ󹦳
Ǵǽ޴
㹦ͣѷɫڻʥ
ºŮҲǿмӡ
Ԩʵ֮⣬ʲô𣿡
͢񽫵ûˣ
׼ɫһ١
ԨĿһӣ⸡գһŸɷoϡ
ԯʥȡһǰŽеһⶼǧΪʺħ֮ǿߡ
͢΢΢һ㶣۵һϲҲʶģʵطǷƣΪһֱ
лˣ
æ˵⼸ǱҪҪ뿪̨
ԣԨĿ̧𡣡ΪΣ
ºŮвħӱ£ǿҪŶϢҪǰƻ
˵ţ΢΢֣תȥ
˵ļޡ
ԨȴһЩζ
Ӧòħ»ǿߣϾŶѹƳǿ֮⣬ڶoĻռ䣡
Ԩ
ΪҪǣӦ
еǿ䶼ͬʽģĴ;ŶǴһͳĽһȨЩ䲻˴һʳǵȨ

˼Ƭ̣ԨԺ뷨½ȫ澭ϡ
ſһֺԨʱˣһ˿ΪȤ֮ɫ
طһؽķţҲķţܻ֮
Ӧһʮţ
ϸжԨע⵽Ȿ澭Ϊĵķţеķţȱʧġ
еطԨҪ
΢һ㡣
мС
Ԩ澭澭ĺҳϣмӷ
һݼΪ۷
취Ŀ
취Ŀ޳ܹ֮µʵ仯ҪԨһֱеаĿ
мֵ۷
ܹ֮üγɵֻĿϵļ߼۷绢
λʱӡԼķ
Ԩֻһʱ䣬㽫⼸СϤ޳ɣ¯ࡣ
Ϊ΢Ǿ׺Ͷ̫ˣȷȫ谭
֮⣬ȱʧĻеķţ
Ԩ澭ͷЩʧ
õǣΪ
ܹõ⼸ֺҲ֪ˡ
ġ

Ԩչڼ䣬ȴӿ
ƾŶçеһʿԼǿo
Ӧǰǡ
Ͽձ鲼ŨΧȻҲٲǿħԼǿߵĿӡ
ʱУҲһ£֪ζɱˣ˲Сɧҡ
¹ڶ࣬һСĴһǴʷ˵Ѫޱȡ
նɱ˷ȷ𾪡
󣬴ԭΪħıͼɱűŮնɱ
ԭȴŷ
o۷׷ףoҲ֣նɱ˷󣬲ʵ࣬¶ģǣ׽𣬽˲ġ

ǣ͹⣬ѾסڶǰoԼ
ɫƳƬڡ
Ӳľסڴ˴ټۡڣӲɫͳƬȴһλ񽫴Ӹ߽ۡ
Ӳˣ

Ӳֱ̧֣ʵô̽𣿡
̧ͷ˵´ˣǺӲˣ񣬻һִƱԴĴ񣬶ܾˣ
Ѿ˺ʵѡ
𣬿ϧˣ
ӲźΡ
һҪŶ˵ҪλְæƾŶΪ֡
˴£Ķ
Щo֪һԪʼһеԴͷڴŴΰҵܻմЩ˵
˵ŶϹѹأضܽ˼
ˣҪҪСȥһλµ񣬴Щ
ʲôӲ̧ͷĿ¶ɫ
С֪ڶڲܲƾŶЩϧʩѹ
o˵¶һ˿֮ɫ
ִǿȨְطҲҪֻҪ̬´ԹԾͷ
ǲͷܺð죬ԺҲ˳ġ
ƺӺӲִŻƺȨǻƺӷģΧ޷õ֤
Ӳ⶯Ƭ̻ӻֵˣ񵽵Ҳǳ壡
o̧ͷΪ⿴һۺӲ漴ǵͷ˵ǣӲʴȣ
ӲĵĮһooźɫ۵ס
Ӳĵδûпϧ֪Ѱ干λɲ룬Ϊ޳ͨ쳹شͨǿߣñȡ
ΪҪǣ񣬵ʱ˴Լһǿߣôδ䵽
ϾոճΪƺӺӲãƺӱԴδڸǿħ
ʧĹϵƺӺӲλÿȣ
ϧ
Ӳͷͷִʶ̧١
Ȼ˵

Ŀoʵ
΢Ǿʲô
oæ˵ڱչأ
չأʱ򻹱չУӲɫһ۵Щ˼
΢ǾһһڶЩС
λ΢Ǿ֮ǰָһ
ĸɱĴ㣡
Һȥɱ΢Ǿɵġ
ӲͶһ˼ҪλŮȢغӲΪ谮λŮܵΪɽ֮ףƺӺӲλãޱȡ
΢ǾʱĽӴӲúӲܵǣΪ΢ǾʹϹˮ
ˮ类Ϊ֮ֻʱ죬ʽȡ
ʽ˱λ΢Ǿôʹ߶ǰ׷ѹ
˸ųҺ⣬
Ҫˣ
ǣˣoס

֮Ԩѡء
ʱѾ澭ϼСͫ
취Ŀǳɣз̫ڷҪĿĵֻΪͫ
ĿԹŲ࣬o
ΪǷ壬Ԩܲȥע⡣
ڳ޳ͫѾ㹻ˡ
ֻǳ֮ɱ˷ԨЩ𶯡
Ȼɱ˷ôģѵͲʱŭ
Ԩô룬Ҳôʵġ
ڣһԨҡҡͷ˵һȻò࣬ʴδ棡
֪Ϊɱ˷
ԨüͷЩֵ
ڵ״̬ҲЩԾ
һǷʵݻǷһķӦóƺΪùã
ô޶ԡ
ΪԥƬԨЩǸ˵ҴӦ˴£ʱ˵Ժ֪ģ
Ǻðɣ
Ԩףû׷ʣ
ԨǰУѾǰ֪ͨӽʱʼùλסԼλá
һͬУһǲߣһǼ֤ߣ


194 
⣬鲼Ũĵ
ɺĵ޴ڡ
Ǵޱȵɫϼ⣡
ľµ
ĳеͬˣ
תΪλ۾ʷһ㣬ľ¡
Ҳľ
ǳصľµ£еγһͷצľ޴ʵֲޱȡ
ԨҲоһɾ޴ѹͷΪ𶯡
ȿֲѹ£ֻЩʲôѣ
ȻѾ׼ȫ
УԨ֮һԣԨǱ͢Ž͢С
͢УŮڶǿ֮¡
Ԩ֮󣬴Ԩһ
ŮѾݵĲ滮֣ǽݻΪݣǼݡݡݡݡݡݡԥݡݡӺݡ
еĲ湤ɴɣԼ飬֮صϼ
մŮĲãݶҪɾԴѹݡ
ÿһݶһ
˾ȹ̣δҲ˳
Ȼ˵ȶҲӾoжȡһȨӰ
彮᳹ȹ̣һ
ʼ룡
һʮֺΰĻᣡ
ԨŴһּƻҲͷ𶯣⵱ǵ죬طΪѾ档
ż˶ʤ˼С

ļƻ̫Ӵ󣬰δŶ֮أԼιƣþŶУ뵱ںϣȵȡ
ԨĽһְС
ְǰ¼𣬽һŸඦ̥ĤУ鲻롣
Ԩ֮⡣
ɱɱ飬ǽ

ҹʱ֣ؼһľףʽʼ
ǣǰΧһ޴۱ڿŨдܳγҽأ
㳡ϣȻ죬ػյһƬͨ졣
ڻǰû̫߳ĶԱںţŻףԶ֣ӹһ鴿֮ļ𣬿ʼݶĳΡ
մƻǾݶԭԯʥϹɽӶһҲӵкɽӶƵͻܹ
Ԩվھ޴㳡һһöö̺ļţһһĳǰԨ۽ŵЩ
Ϊ΢ǾЩԣѵĲƷܽ΢ӡӡת
ͻƵӡתǽܹø΢Դ΢Ȩһ޷ľأ
Ȼɲ˵۾Ҳ׷ЩȨ
ֻڴԼƤӵȡˣԨʱû⵨
Ԩʱٿ΢ǹ⣬΢ȨۣѹסһּвĲ棬ת΢ռԩͼʣһ鴿ļݸǰ񽫣͵һȪ۽⡣
ܹŶѾǴԴ̫̰ˡ
Ԩͷš
˫УʱϹת취Ŀ͸档
һǴССĹˣһ˲ʢ̺Ũ
һֵùΪǼھͻԹУԹֲޱȣǻҲܲ
ԱҪ
΢ǿԹ
֣ƾŶٶ죬ֻչ򣬾ɫ󶦳ڻ֮ǰϸԵžݵķ飬ǵͼΩΩФ
¡¡
ͷ֯ײŶڼħǿǰңȴ跨Ϥ֮⡣
ֵħo㶼ߵ塣
Ŷ֮ȻҪ𣬻Χֵľеǿo˿
˴ʱǼ縺ְҲ˴롣
ԨƲһڸɫµoĿһۣǿoطеļλһ嵮ǿߡ
ֻԱߣоλڵӰԱ˳
Ӱ۽ɣȷͬһ㡣
壡
Ԩʮȷϣ
ֻǿУΪһλ
£ҵ뿪֮󣬻Ƕչ壡
Ρ룬ʱۣɫ˵ţ£ֻܷģ¼ȴӦ壬ᷴڣ
ã
ԣŵӰһۣʱ仯Ϊŵ޴ŶС
ӣ
һĻڶĴɫ䣡
֮ӣݵλޱȣ
ֻϣͷӷ䣬Ѫ֮ŶΪŶԶûŶС
ѪϼٲѪ
ſڳɫ𽥸ֳòţͼ⥵ȵ಻һ㣡
ӣ
ž䣬Ԩɫ𶯣ʱԺеһתͷǣٴνϣˣ


195 ڶ΢
֮ӡ
þӾѪ˵лɱ䡣
ԨٲһѪٵԱߡ
ټһѪ濾Ԩʱ̲סӡһɹѪʱԨĶ
ǾŶ֮ǰŮԿһĻƲһԨûгֹԨĿΪ
֣ҪѪ𣿡
ԱߣЩŹֵԨλֿ졣
Ԩžö̺ѪҺЦӵľѪ¶һݣռʵ˷ѣ
ԣoɫȻЩڡ
ȷŵĺô
ʱǾĿȥľӲྫѪѾλ΢ǾռĲˡ
ԨȡһУöӾѪӡ
ֻȺȡ
λ΢ǾǺ̰
ʱΧӲڶǿڹ㳡֮񣬿ڵǺӲһo֮ǰͼĶӲѹo
Ұ
oǻƺһˮϵһˮ֮ζɵo
Աǳ񣬼ɫһޱĺӲģأԵǲ̰ǽмӵľѪ󣡡
ʱҲµǾŵαӾѪ
֮ӣѪ˭Ҫ
ڶǿߡ
ѪѰѪҺ
вٹף׵ض֮Ҳռᣬo

þӾѪֻ֮ջ񣬴ʱԨ˫žݶ
ͭ˾Ѫ꣬ںϣɾܡ
ǾŶͬһԴܹӦ
ˣǰһ
ɢʼƾݶͬʱڴĵ
תֶΣԨģԨ취Ŀ
ԱoҲ׷׶ϸӦײǬϵ
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ϷͼУһΪյͼľϼء
Ԩʱ˫ҵһµӡӡûΪײΪԪ׽һʱԨоһֿٵصı仯
ԭԦ
Ԩʱڿջû仯ɫģΡ档

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΢ǾȷЩ֣ҲֵôС֡
çʱвoеιľΪ죬ٻȾһЩ
һЩسϣҲ
ˮ񹲹ףڣһǰ
Ҫ˲𣿡
ͨŶУҲԨתټԨԪĳǰͼϣͷЩݸ
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ڴһӡŶŶɲǼ䣬ͼϤŶУоŶʱ𶯣
𣡣
ת˲ڴ߶£Ϊɫķ𶯾ء
ݶȹ̾ԾŶѹˣԹ¶ʼ
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ճ֣ʱǲȨȨȸľ¡
ݽ磡
Ԩ֪ر仯ʱ澳оѹ
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Ԩʰһ飬ʱȫһֲߵĿǾݽϣɨݵ׳һĻ
һֲ˼ľء
ǿʢ
ϧˣûн˲ķţԨͷû̫ʧ
֮еģͨ۾ݶǺ˽һܣ
Ԩע⵽ԶڶoɫǱб䣬ֻľѳۣȫûзӡ
ǣЩջ

ݶ䣬Ŵ;Ŷ֮ڳɹ
ʮһɫʶ
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ݽֻ֮Ǹʼϲͥת˲ʹǰͨŶ¾ݽʵЩϲԵ֮⣬ȻҪǰѯʣͬʱҪ岻ܽݽԿͥȨ
֮⣬һִʿҲԽǣӦ
ݽ֮󣬲Ҫһ˼ȫݽʱһŵݽƹһĵ붴츣ء
֮⣬ݽҲֻѹƽϾϵͨߵķУ񶷷ٻء

УŮ¾ݶ֮Ͷ뵽ĽǢУԨoȴһŶɣһͳľƶͷǸڿ
ھŶ֮ɢȥλŮԨǰ΢ϲ㣬ܹ۾Ŷ˷컯ʵ
ȨʣԵɺϰˣ
ԨĿһЦʱһԱλŮ˸кλŮҲס
ЩŮŮԳֻԨʶĲ࣬Ψһʶľ̫Ǿ
̫ǾԨһӣλӡ
ֻλӲͬһλ̫ǾϤ
λŮԨϣΪĿԨ
Ԩλ΢ǾͻȻڴߣžԴĸݣŶ
׮׮飬ǴԵ
۹⣡
λŮʱΪһ˿Ц
к󣬼λŮȥ
λŮĵһ仰ʱЩڣ
ϼ˫ƵŭǾ֪죡
ԨƲһͷʱЩӣʵŶĴ¼ӦҪȥˡ
ջѾ㹻ˣֻͽʱʱһף
룬Ԩǿ˵׼ˣ
ԣҪȥ
Ԩȥĵط
𣿡
㳡УʱЩԨһֻȻ֮ǰһʹɣ

̨ϣԨһ۹̨ϵĹӡԨһΪǹ⣬
뿪֮ǰԨ׼˵ص΢ǿһ
Ԩܾö΢Щ
ټ΢΢ǹŨޱȡ
һϹƿճ֣ʱ档
̤΢ǣԨֻͬ΢ɢǹΪһ塣
Ԩ΢λ΢ȫͬ嫡
Ƿ˸̫ǡ
λ棬ڶ̫ǳѾͥһֱԴ
ԨʱЩʱ㣬ʱӦ΢۾΢ǵġ
Ԩһֱûн΢ǣҲǳ㿼ǣ΢۾
κo
ԨΣΪӦԴɫЩ졣
Ϊ΢۾䣬һʱգʧȥλܵټ
Ԩţͷ
ÿһ£ǷҪ΢۾ĴС
̳δǼ£εĳҲһ̳ˣǾͲôʹ죡
΢ǣԨԼһδˣ΢ǲκ΢۾֮


196 ɱӲ
ԨżȻˣܲë
ôҲ̫ǳ
΢ܸһЩĵر
ֻԨǵ͹΢۾Ľڲ١
΢б鲼źɱ󣬱λ΢ǣй֮޲
ɱɢſֲޱȵɱԨոմ룬иյףΪ룬Ԩֻѡ뿪

Ԩ΢Ǻ
УֻƬ֮󣬾oԨλǹٵȥ
Ԩȥǳ
ԨеľӾѪܸȤ
ѪͳޱȣǿߣҲѵڳλǾǱϷһoվӾѪȫҲǱ
뷨ǰݷԨλǹѾӡȥ
ϢŮҲ
ֻǸ֮ʱֻ̨µĹӡԼһš
֮󣬸ϧ
ֱʧͳ֮ӣ
ԨУһйι֮ĸǳΣŶԴЩô

Ǫ̈̄ʹ
Ԩ΢зغ󣬱ǳǪ̈̄
ʹУ˽ӼԨ
ΪԨǵ⣺
£΢ǰ黹ˮ񣡡
ϣһտɫ˸ϡ
鶯
ⷽϹȥԨǲ΢ʱʼԴ֮ˮޱ֮ľ
ԨͷЩᡣ
ȻϹֱӴϹ뿪˵ء
ͷֻԺתһȦͱˡ
ǰʹн豦н޻⡣
ҾⷽҲܹȻȥ˭֪Ʒֲڣʲôֶγͽ
ʹΪ׵ľ޴ϣɫƲһԨһнϹˮǰһ⸡֣ɲˮ
ˮΧտɫ⸡֣ˮתһѺۼǡ
˷ɫ䣬ˮУֻǿȴ
΢ɼǵãڽöϹ֮ǰӦһ
Ԩ˵·Ը
ɫϷ˵Ҫɱ˻ƺӺӲģɸң
ɱƺӺӲģ
ԨɫΪԾƺӺӲʱȻвöߣȴ׽ƺӱԴoִƻƺӱԴƾڵУҪɱƺӺӲ̫ˡ
ɱ伫Ҳܣ
ǾµĹģ壡
룬Ԩ˵ֻҪ·ԸС͸
ԹһЦ˫ʱĶԨ˵ˣʣ˲֮£οӲˮ幦ᶯ֣

Ԩɫһ˿Ź֣ⰵʾ
Ԩͷ²ʲôλɱ
Ԩ뵽һ֣ǰĪλʱһ˿ٴ˷ء
񻰴˵кӲУӺλɱǾ˵ùȥˣ
Ԩתʵ
£֪¿ڹУ
ԣȴɫһ䣬ϲӬһ˵㣡
ԨĿһ²ңΪΣ
ԨоЩ죬ԸǰһʹӦټһǣôܲأ
Ƿ˲ʣ
㲻öʣ
˳˫ϣһһɺѹȶѹԨϣԨ΢֮Щҡҷ
Ԩͷ𶯣Ҳ޷˼ȻʣĴǰû취ټ
ֻٴտɫһԨ·оһɺ嫱ӿǰ
Ӿ촹䣬أ
Ϲˮ
¡Ԩɻŷˣ
ֻ˼Ϲٽһʱ䣬ʹð꣡
Ԩͷ𶯣
ữԨǰ
תһŨ⣡鶯Ƿ
ӭԨɻĿ⣬˵˵
ҲĶСӺΪ֮ɣ
˵һʱʧʴڡ

뿪ʹԨʱɫЩȻδȥʹգֻԲټžٲȥ
ʹУԨ̬ɫ糣ֻǵһۡ

·ϣԨŽڷ͵ϣֻǴᣬԨЩ𶯡
һϹˮĲٿط
֮ǰȻϹûвٿطֻЩƤëϹܲδӳ
ڶԨĵзš
ᣬԨɫЩȻȻѾµ΢۾֮·뷨Կǰһʹ
۵ķţѰʹвȱ٣
Ԩʱͷӣȫû뵽Ϊǰȥʷˣ


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ȻֻǸ·ΧһЩģ壬ᳬǳǿ
ģ壡

˼УԨ̧ƣди֣ϡ
ӾѪ̺쾫Ѫ𽥸֣ѪԼɼСС𵴡
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ƻƺӺӲıԴoͻȻ䣬ʵ𾪣

Ӳ֮ʱԨѾ˽磬λ΢ǡ


198 𽵱
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ôˣˮɹĿԨϣԨšüֻԨΪģЦ
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ˮޱϣһ˿Ц֣޶ޱȡ


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Ԩףʵ̫˵Ϣ֮ǰʹͨиֻڸۡڣϢҲûС
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Ԩʱüȼųҵ棬΢ǹתӡݻΪһɺޱȵɫġ
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һУԿ֮ݸһϤע΢ϣϹⶴײǵ⡭


201 ŭ
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203 
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204 Ů
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206 Ե
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Ԩܹ̾λŮɷ۵۾λٶȽȼӿ졣
λŮɣɲܴ⣬Ȼ鷳ܴ
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207 
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ԭЩһ̫ҽĵؿ߻þڣ̫ҽķţ֮Ϊ׵ֻȫڤ
ԭޱı仯ڤͳ̫ҽܳһʱ䡣
һһ蹬ǿҵڤħ˾޼ɣʾ̫ҽֻЩضǿߵ
ĶǵȡرԴأ
Ȼ蹬ҲڤҪΪ蹬Ӿ蹬ǲǰ蹬ɼ
ݣλϲ֪
ڤѡ˵ڶ֡
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˾޼Ȼôãոճôߵأϣ

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Ԩͷ⣬֪蹬վһûйϵ֣ȷǸ˲õ
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׼ȷ˵ǹĴС
ǲ֪ǲǺȴħйأģҲ̫ˣǰ˳
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΢УԨ߻ͨţȴ֮ͨǰһȺҴԾʦʹ
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208 
ӸУλŮʹһλƷˣһλˡ
λƷˣȻҪһЩ
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ԨƾĸӦԨǲŨζ
Ϊ̫͢ٳϣԨ۾
о˺ŵζ
Ҳʱ򣡡
ԨĿ΢΢˸ɫ
ǹеһڷ֮ǰ΢ӡĻӣһʺĻԪӡ
һôһЩ
Ⱥʹпʥּġ

ͨиУԨͨйٷͨ㰸ӭ˳գƷ˵ˡ
գƷ˵˱ϾǴŹټҶ
ٴԨݼʹ
λٴҾƷ˺ͳæԨ𣬵¿ĪҪɷū澣
պƷ˿ɲҽλٴµĴ
˭֪ټҺʥ˶λµĿء
һ֮Ϊ̫͢ձ£ҵʥּ
Ԩͷ
̫մʥּ
ݣاеͳܣʽѭɶԪɣӢӦѿΰںᡣʯ֮ڣ֮ɡطΪ֮ᱦ
ԨϣԨǰݸ󣬹ټұǺʥ飬Ӧмӷ⡣
ս񳯵Ĺӹ󣬾ͻӷΪ
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ڹƶȣҲͰˣÿλʵλʱΪӹ
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ҲǹټԸ⣬Ҳûǰ
õ
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λӾѱ֮ʱ΢֮ǿԶʤӵܣǻԪٴͻӷΪȻ
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ԨʱףɫϵЦݣĿŽӹɫʥֻּʥּʱһŨޱӿ
ɫӿڣʱԭеʱ䡣
üģԪաطݻһ۵ͶУΪ䴿΢ӡС
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𣡣
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ƷΪʺĹŮʹԭųǰּǰн

Ʒ˻һԣԨʵˣ֮ǰĸɻԸ
ƷȻЦӢ˵˻زֻǸʼ˵ֻҪʣﻹ¸һҲϣںܹһʱ˵
ԣԨףʺ¶˾ģֻƷֵ
ﻹἰǵԸճɻ飬»̫õˡ
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ʱںݸǰλټССſ·һСڣһλذ·ľɫŮһͨиڣһ˫ͨиŨޱȵ
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209 

˫ɫÿɷֻһ˫ĿƲһͨи
ڲʦһЩĹ嶼֪ټҺʥ˵λԪٴϣ
ҲȻλٴվѵ΢ǿ
ֻһ㣬Ѿõ˴֧֡
οƾ̽ʺТ֮ʿУҲΪ͢سΪá
λޱȵĹټС΢΢ͣƬ̣Ƿ½ѾӣǰС

ͨиڣԨɫΣʱҲѼλСйϢֻǴʱϢδ͹ֻ˵±濼ǡ
ٷһ
Ʒﲨģ仰ǶȻ˵
ֻЩ֣ӸеõϢλٴ²ûоɫˣ¥ͷʯƾɫˡ
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ƷԺתͷԨ֪֪ˣЦԷǡ
Ʒ˴ʱȴһ˵£ѵӴ£֮ڲܸ𰸣ｫΪ
ԣԨЩ鴤
ڻݵ֤֮ʺΪָ飬ֻȻ¶Уʺôһʱ䣬ż¹ȥʺֶ˼
治þܾ
ĸ֮ý֮ԣ
˵ǻ֮Ե׸ٳͷԣһ֮ڣλԵ
ԨҲ˺ʺ
ʺҲǳƣֻĸġ

ƷȥüͷԨ
ת˲Ԩʱ²ûš
µʱ䣬ҲҸͬ
Ԩ΢֣ע΢ӡı仯ϡ
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ԨһתطתΪ׼صͨиҲûţ
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Ԩ׼С֣ƩطżӵķãҪǵгңٸгĵȽ
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Ԩǣлк֯ΪȫƯƯ
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ʱԬ̩ǰȴΪֻлһ˿Цݡ

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Ԭ̩һ˵Сǧھɽ屻һС׽סˣֻΪ⣬һ˸ˡ
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СҪ£
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ǻգע⵽ϢɾԽ뺼ݸɳЩΧħæѰң
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Ԭ̩ʱɫЩԥ˫Щ˸ӣ֮ǰ΢ǾǿɱĿֲй˼ɣ
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ô𣿡

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ӭ˫ӣԬ̩ݺҧûУһΪʹ߰ô£
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ĸ齨;蹬̨Ǹ⣡

ͬʱͨиԨҲһٻoеõϢǧھ֮ڣ·ٴӦ׼õϢˮӣ


210 Ƶ۵ͳ
֮ڣԨһ·ŶԷȥ
ɫЩ̾
ǧھ׻ŹϵĿС
Щ죬ɲûš
ûȻյ΢ȨԨ½ټ˺ݸؽһoЩoæ̽йǧھϢ
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Ϊ˵õһֵϢԨ˷ıꡣ
κһλܹΪṩϢoܵõһ롣
һλ룬ͬһ㡣
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ԨԷ󣬱ǿˮӣʱһˮɫȹڻ԰ڣʱɢųϪˮУͬһ¡
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ԨγϪԣˮӵ¿ҲɽеϢ
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ô˼һɾ
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ԨһϹʱ۶޷ţо͸Ȼԯʥ棬ԯʥ֮£޵ķš
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Ĵ󲿷ʿֻС
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ԨɫƽԵš
ΪʶһԯʥʵĲ£Ҹᣬ޵Ĵţлģ
ˮԣ˼Ƭ̣ƶ˼һʱ䣡
ԨͷԨϣİ취λߡ
õȥһԯʥ꣬Ҫ΢۾֮·˻ʴȡţȷа

뿪ԷԨǾֱţʱ˫ЩǰɫЩЦԷǣԨû뵽ﾹȻ֮ܵǰԼ
ʱԶһͬ
ͬ˼ңʱһ˼ڣڹҹһλʱĿ
ֻڣҹڰ˵
ƶķ򣬳
ϴοĴڴƬͻȻʧ٣
ͷȻǽŻڣ
ǵЩˣۡ΢գа֣ܹǱ֮ڡ
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ҹ޷˵Ǽ٣ҪǴŮ
۵䣬ǺݸΧеһͷҪʵŮԪطȻǸã


211 Ǿ
ʯĪҪˣ
ԣҹɫò
ߵ˸ˣҲǺǵġ
ǧʯи
ˣʱҲֱ㲻
ʯΪ۾۵ױһ˿֮ɫϲŭ޳вֻŻҪҹ񣬲ǿͷɱ⣬˵񲻱С֮ĶȾֻ֮Ҫܿ걾ضڷϣ
ҪҪԴӦ㣡
ҹҪڣȴڣһƽͻȻ˽
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ҹⱩǣҲ޷ֵסǹɿֲӴ
լԺڣҹڷɳ
һɫڣŽ·ͷϴųñֳֳo
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Ԩɫߣʵ
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ԨƳһҹʱδ䣬Ŀͷʯϡ
ЩoʿᣬǱΪ飬Ǹ
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ͷʮа˾λŮһλǾϹ⣬ǲѰ·
ҹǨŭʯʯߴ٣Ҳײ壡
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δɢֻֻأ֣ʯͷһЩϣ
Ԩ־ʯϣ·
ΧƺƵ΢ǹͬվ죬κ׿ӡ

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ԭʯɽһʯ嶴һʯһⱦ쳤ؾǡ
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ʯȾһֱԣ֪Ϊ顣
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ǾС˵֮ǧȷǶת֮϶˺ݸֻأСʱʧȥ˸ӦֻҪǾСһʱ䣬ضܹҳԪת֮һ
ʯ̧ͷԨɫдŰ
ô˵ģ
ԨĿʯʯϣʯʱΪеĵˣ˼ڵ
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ܰˣ
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ʯɫǷŭ
Ҳ
ԨƲһͷʯͷʯѪɷԩŨɱ鲻٣˴̼֮ͷʯȻֱӶħ

һߣƾɽͷߵİԼӴѾ鵽˿
ݸ⣬γڸſڣźݸϿŨԼһֺ⡣
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˿еİǰʯʿǹͭʹߡ
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ЦȻ䲻Ҽҵܵܣϵı㲻ȡɣ
˵
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ȴǵõʥУһλָ㡣


216 ⨺
һλݲϣ׷磬Ź°ɫ۵Ĳo°ɫ·ϹŽĹնɡ

ִoɫޱȡ
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217 ƻ
ֻһʱʮ䡣
Ȼ󣿵ҲֻһֻʣǼǼ֮˭صסΪеսƷʱһ
ͳųޡ
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218 ֮
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Ա߳üħޱȵһĻ֪ɲħмǿҪʤ½ɣһֱȴûһֱ۵ĸһĻȴ֪ԭλħѾ
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Ԩܲҷֻóüȥǰݽ顣

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ƬڤУɲɫ԰ףϻеİЩƣóԦޣǶ֮壬ϹŴۿˡ
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ɲڣɲڹڽӼ˺ˮɳʹߣ˹֮󣬱ǱԲ̵ɲʱŭ߶˺˺ˮеʹߣ̳ԺˮսҪºˮԴϴˢɲĳ裡


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ܽϣܻķرȡһЩأط⡣
ûѡΪ֪ȥԷֻҪ΢ϸ룬йϣ


239 ɫʯ
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Ԩ룬⣬γˣ̫࣬С˵ʱ˳һһˡ
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ǧ걦ҩ̫ϡܳԵ׳ʵ˭ͱˡ
ԨƬ̣Ŀˮ˵ֿ֪˵ɫʯ


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ԺһЩû˵ɫʯֱ
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ԨˣΪһ㶣Щ֮⡣
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ҴȻûУλݣѡ뱱ҲܾԷССҵ׾ʯֻʱ䳤̵⣬ҵȺαˣ
ˮ˸ž֮ɫ
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ԣˮҡҡͷ˵֮ǵϢ
ԣ˶ʱһ
˰ˮɫЩݸͬдùйͣ߳͢ǰǰֺԼнס
ÿһεĺнףǰˮеĴ£˻ԽύӰҲܹһЩԼеı
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ڰˮĸߴѾвʿǰ󲿷Ůޣмλ޳񾳵ŮŮԶԶ
һĻֺ澰ǰ
ǺѾʼˣֻ˷ˮӹǰת
ˮУһޱȵĺƵˮڷڣ׺γһůĺŲ׺飬֡
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Щ޴ĺޣƬϿգҲڶ壬o
Щǿ߳ôˣҲԻʳѪ⡣
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ʵϣа£Ҳײɱˮʿ
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Ǻ߳׺ʵˮԽŨů֮󣬹ģҲһصĲ
Ԩſģһͷޱȵ޳ϡ
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Ԩһ㹦ģУϹġ
Ԩо⺣ܶϹЩͷȻ﴿Ƕˡ
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Ԩϵģ壬Ϲ̫ˣȻˣǿ죬鷳
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Ͼ㡰״ͰĳƺŲǰ׵õģ


241 ̣˻
뿪ƬǣƣԨʱſƤ̺ɡ
Ǿ̶ʳǾޣԨоת˲
ͷ޾ٶ̫ˡ
ȻɣԨܹߵɲͬ
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Գһ壬ֶֻС졣
޷ͨͥ죬ͥؼΪ֮ڣ̺Ų˼仯̥ͨͬͨĸӵܡ
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ںǧɾһ֮𽥱˼֣Ԩž޴οʼǱ١
ԨʱѾע⵽Ϲģɱ䡣
ʱģģ䣬ǧɵľ޴תŵɫ޴ƬƬޱȣͷξ޴󣬵أͨͣ
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ɳȷǿԳΪɵصĿֲޡ
ԨĿУģͳɫ
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ٶȼ죬֮ȴǷ˰ˮΧ
ⷬȴڶҴҸɱħǿ˸գǿߣҲ˳˸ա


242 çеι
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ԨȻγɽϵľĿԶ
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244 ʮһͷ
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ʱˮģٶýģ壬Ҳûo˵ڳ֣ɢ꣬ݱ飡
ֻҪ֮ʱȴ֮ɷȴˮ˳Ű߽ӽ
бŻ˷ˣҪȡѪʳ
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ιȣԨΪ񾩵ĵطԨһʱӦ˱֮ΧֵĻֺ
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245 ѧһͷ
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ǰ׷ţһԨ޹ء
ȻƶĹأҲӰ쵽ڶò
ۣͥԨǳ뿪˴˴

ѵĲɽǰ㵹Ĳɽϰ벿֣֮ˮƽԭ³һ޴ޱȵɽ
ɽлֺޱȣʱȻ
ɽδκoȡʵӴһزɽҲѰoȡ
ԨĿɽϣԶԶɽϿ˲ٺö
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ԨĿΧתӰɫ΢΢һЦ
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˷ȻΪǱʶƣҪܵһЩɡ
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Ԩʱһ˫ڹɽӴΪؼ֮ףǲɽ̮ᡣ
ԨҲ̰ģһɣֻҪһ־ͺã
ҲⲻɽѵӰ죬Ҳ©ߣɢתƣ塭


248 Ĳɽ
ԨƲһ׷Աߣⲻɽϱ٣ǲӦóŻѹһ
ŽԨƬ̣ʱѡ˷
ģıãǱ룬᱾ĩ
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Щ۵ѹǰ滹вٹϵĴ
ôһ֣ԣ·˺ܶࡣ
ͥעͿ԰Ͱι

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ʵ˵´׼ȷ˵ӦǱϷ
ӴľһִͨѾ֪´ĸš
ʦһȺʧ˹ڤԲݣʣµ󶼶۵̬תΪӡ
ǵ۽մ񣬾âȵʦһĴ
ʱŮ﷨ȥǳⳡû
ìֻܱʱ⡣

Ѩ
ɽϣԨһϣϽɫתüֳһϰԵ⡣
ԨʱѨеĽߣ
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Ѿ
ǸһѹƣֻѾƿڣ߻
Ԩò׽ͷС־أȻ仯
ʱӴڣԱһöɫ⡣
ɫǶö飬һöɫһöɫɫаɫӰڣޱȡ
΢΢̺飬飬ܴ
СߵȡĴ󲿷Ϊ΢ɣ΢ӡųŨ⣬Ѿ۳Ρ
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ԭöǱæûйͻпͣһ컯ȴ˲֪ô
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˲ɽһƷʴ̺Ũޱȵ
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Ԩͷϲ޷ݡ
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ȻҪγ֮ǰǰģȻ֪Ҫá
Ԩûжϸ֮⡣
к֮£غ档

Ϊ⴦׷ȪбСɫ³ˮУԨλһ⣬Ųɽȥ
Ԩûмڴֱŵ
ȵǲɽеı
ǰۺ۵ȴĶѾˣ½뿪ǲɽķ棬̽˵صĺûᡣ
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ΪĲɽУûѰo׿

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249 ˻
ӭŨڤ
ڤԱѩɢʿҿ
гɵoڤҪ֮СĶԪ
ԨһȦڤʮɿͱų⿪
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Ԩע⵽ɽΧһޱȵɽˮīһΧʡ
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ԵçʱʺУҲǻڴ˵
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ЩϵĴԣ޶𣬵ڵµoǱĬӰ졣
֣ᷢĽݾնϣʧȥ˵֮ݣֻƾǻۻԵ;
ӦһЩӦŨŻĵرҲὥ
ƽĶۣŵĴڣһЩȷЩ޷á
Щݱŵܿǰɳ
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Ԩһ·ڶ滨ȻήȻܵӰ졣

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ԨĿһ۵׵ɭȻΪһ˿
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ε˺ǺһЦûвԨ۵׵⣬ֻ˵ĪҪᣬСΪԸ⽫֮øҼұ£ҼұҲԸȼ۽ҼұҲмһıõϣ
Ԩɫ䵭Ժȴֹε˵ѶϢ
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˵ţ㽫ɫԨȻԨʼɫδ仯

ԨͷЩŹ֣ʱĴսڣ˵õ̲סĶ
չ񾵾̫񾵣ؼ̫еһĥɵıӵŷǷܣǶڽһ壬˱Ԫ
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εͷԷļ룬ûгĵߡ
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Ѱ˱أȴзʱˣ


250 ˲ޱ֮أ
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ʯǰԨۿŷɽһǶɢ
Ԩ̤붴ڣĿһתƿ⣬ǰɽ߽⡣
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ȫһƬյأյ֮ǰһޱȵ
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ͷǻƬ̣ԴһתҪȻɴͼװʲô֪

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ϽɫһԨз£ֻ·ֵĵط׳ʣѾʼ
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طԽޱȵķֻ֮·һͷӵطɳ
ӦԨĵʱһǣķʱԨϡ
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251 ǹǳ
Ԩһӡ
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ͷڷﳲУ֮ǰԨ跨ɱķ˲ͷ˵Ĳ顣
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263 
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264 
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ÿһ鶼ǴӸƵر׶˵ĽǶȳ֮飬Ȼڶ൱عԱʿ΢ʣͲס¹󣬷þ
λ֮£õ˴󲿷ڵ֧֣Ҳһµʿ˻棬ǵˣչ˵Ϊȫ档
ޱȰڸһЩ
ʿԣǴЩڣһ΢ǾںݸҪš
һĻ̥֮
ǰͲλ΢Ǿȥ
ֻһЩʿ͵oΪпΪᣬλ΢Ǿݸںݸһ룬ǽħ׳࣬΢Ǿȥаʧ壬ֻ
һʮĻ£װ뿪ݣкʿԱҪ֯ǰͣȴԨˣ뿪֮ʱֻкݸ֪棬֪ͬǰԼһֺͨиԱǰС
뿪ݸԨȻǾˮ·ͨƺӣٴӷؾʦ

뿪ˣ
ʱɽɽϣʸڣԶԶݸϿƵűƶֺ꣬תײβ
ˣҲֻܿһǡ
λǾȥ񾩣ضҪζ̫֮λֻȻף̫֮λֻ·а
ҡҡͷ
Ȼλүδ֤΢Ǿֻ֮ǵ΢ǾԪһ˿ϣ
ʱĹ۲죬λ£ǳ˹ذǿ޳΢
Ǿžޡ˿̲
ͬʱǵ֮ʱԶԶһϱ߶ܹ΢ǾĽ㣬βݸ
̫˻ˡ
λҲͦͷӾǲ΢Ǿ档

ݸһúл˼ƣʱĺһڣһȥӰʱֹϲ޿ϧ
徻ûˣ
ǰͲλ΢Ǿܹںݸ˻޵УҪ޻صУһЩ鷳λ΢ǾݣЩɸ
΢Ǿ뿪ˣֻԼƴˡ
֮ǰηЩˣܿͻðԼ÷ķȻЩħ
һתԶȥһлǣǸȥ

úһʱ˽Ķˡ
ɽɽһζڡ
һλ۵ں⼸λ飬ú뿪Ϣʱɫ졣
һ˾֮ǰڳԸúеһȺˡ
ֻ֮ǰ͵úжһδܶأڵ˱Ǹ跨úٶһ
ѵúյʲô֪Ҫǰ뿪
ϼ˴ʱͷɷɫۣݰ𪿡üͷһ˷顣
˼ͷҶλϼ˵ġ˫ǿɲԷ
ֻȻЦֵ΢ǾȥǼ£ҵڲڰݷ
˵΢ǾһȺ˾㶼ݡ
΢ǾֵĴ࣬һβǾ춯أ֪в㣬ȫðͷ
ֻһλɫ۵˵ϧ˾ŷ֣Ī٣ҵ˸ս
۵ĵ˻ͨˣǳݵؽеһλˣΪһ׮ԵúнԹˣ˻ҲѰ
Ϊ׺ʿǲҪκγлֻʤһΣͨ͸
ἰŷˣһɵ˶ʱտڲԡ
ŷĪҲһȻ
ͷûס
ŷ˵ڵǰĪѣѱǵúµĺ֡
ΪףǺ˳˵ŷоŷԵԼ֮ʱħҵ޹أ
ҵȽ׼ˣ˴ζ˺У
ͷ

ʱںݳУ΢ǾȥϢҲǴΪ˿Ż뿪ݸֱǰǮأѰԵˡ


265 ټҲΣ
ݸ֣Ԩƾޱȵ֪һ㣬ûᡣ
ɡ
ݸ˸΢ǾΧѵĵطЩûᱻЩɵɾ²˸ոˡ
ಽĵúУԨͲˣֻǹںš
˭Ϊ˭ڻ֪أ
ûú޵УȻأ鷳࣬Ϊ΢ǾҪξλ񣬳Ϊ۾鷳ֻࡣ
Щһ˳ؾʦΪ̫ӣ
ֻ²ܣ
Ԩϣ˳ޱȣµʱǻص˾ñľʦ
Щħͷʲôʱôˣ
ͷԨȻһϮ򵥻ӵװ磬λɾŮʹ
һ˵ִʱѾͷϵȺ
£ʥūǰӭӣ
ʥɹùǰӭӣĪǹг˴£
ԨĿΧͷϿһЩ̽ӣЩ̽ΪصĺܺãԪУΣһʿ
ΧЩԡ
˳ԨеȻҲһЩ̽ӣ⣬ʱĿ˵»Ǿ
ӭԨѯʵĿ⣬ڣ磬ʧ㵹ء
λˣ
ԣԨһв²⣬ټҵĲлҪ͡
ֻǣǲе಻ٴзʣ
ԨͷЩ˲ɫ㡣
漴Աߵʯзн
ʯʱΪǣ˵үҪСģ
ģ⾩ʦлûܹ˵
Ԩɫ֮ӻ֣еϲʯһǰ
ڹؾźˣԨһβδ
Ҫںݸȶơ
뿪ݸ֮ǰԨһ٣ò˶ãľͻ֡
ָϵҲǰ˿õľء
Ԩ۽Żʹķȥ
ûнʳǣԨͲʦԱԶɫҴңڶԱĻ̻̣Ҳ޹в
ټڶʱ֮ڣΣôǲ֮ס
ټҵ嵽ֶܼãһһѲô죿ڹûд¹Ź¹εĹˡ
ȻҲڹԱǰϢϢء

εĻʳɹĻϽģյģʽ¥Ρߴ
ʹǴӲǰĵطͨ巵ÿ˷ĳᡢʱܺؼӼʹ巵Сλдĵµ
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ڸڣѾվسڶ󳼶Ⱥ
䣬۵ϳǼִ㶼ɫ¡
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ڣʱмλسӭȥ
λӵ£
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ʱһ࣬λ۵ĹԱҲڴλո븣Ĵӡ
ڵĹԱҲѾ˵꣬ݹ׾Ʋ飬ֻ˫˸ǻ۹â
ˣƽԪԡʡԡԽԵһ˿ƲۣʵڳԾǿơ
Աǳ⼸λǸ
ԣʱ˵λʱȻһ׸ŽʦںݸҲɫһ⣬ܸһ
ԣ
ʱɫһ
ԣλԱʱͱϣҲ֪ʱǹؼʱ̣۵鴫һǰΪԼǻ
ＸλԱΡȻȴس½ǰ
һλ۵ĹԱ鶡νⶡνǰʱòٹԱɫһ
λ˿ǳеķڳ䣬ȴĵõټΣǹټҸǿĺˡ
ԱǸļ鳼ĶټҴľһ֮£йٻ£ݺλ˳ɹ˴ӵΣЩԱɾʹˡ
ý˷ĵǣֻǺλ˵˼仰ʥ˵ּܲٻ£ڵ
ڵڣʱʺԼλѾźڴߣʱʺźŹټңιҩԶһ̫
λ̫ɫ֣Զ鲻䲻ȣԱ߻λݹ̫ϡ
֮⣬Ƕ˿档
ʱȻЩڣЩݣ
ʱԨʱ˿æڣ֣
Ԩס
ˣ
ʱʺҲƼԨʺȻ²δ㲣һ֮ǰǿƣǹټҲϡ
Ԩʺ̫Ϊ
ʱע⵽̤˫ĿգɫںڵĹټңʱĹټҶͷƸǶϢ΢ȷǲ
ԨʱͷЩ۹ټҵԪȻӣ˷ɣ


266 Ļ
ԨʱĿŴϵĹټңʱͻȻһָӵĸо
ʱӦô죿
ϷһѧϰЩĻɣٿһֻϸĻӣ˹ҩǰź
룬ԨֻǰοʺƹټǾӣز¡
ʺƲһԱߵԨʶʱͷ۵ֱˬʱȴʮֻͷ
ʱټҿƲȷѰз֮ˡ
֮ˣȻóټȻзˣʣȻò˶ѹһѰзбǲ֫ʧȥƵΡ
ڹҩԼ
ⷴһΡ
ټˣ֮𼴽
һ֮Ԩߵһԣʺǰ
ĸ²źһһҹֻ´ʱЩƣɶɣ
һо㶼ǰһֱĬ̫˫ĿԨϡ
ʱλ̫ĿЩ֮⣬ɷϣܲϲͻȻĳӣλʮִ⣬̫̫Ծеˡ
ҲеǨŭ˼
ʺ̫ϵҲһֱǺܺá
ʺǰǺ󹬣ʮǿƣǰкãּ̫ܷλʺͥ񣬲ҴԴλӹ֮󣬹оƴ䣬Ⱥʺ跨̫Ҳܵ˴
Ȼ̫̫̫ûȨȻ̫̫в졣
ҲûԣΪټҸǰΨһǻʳӣȷʸǰźҩ
ʺĿתÿ̫۵׵ɫЦ˵Ԩ㸸ʵĻʳӣҲǱϥΨһȷǸź򣡡
˵ű㽫ҩ˹
޵ĿУԨǰӹ룬ٲǰ
ιҩʱԨΪһ˿̽
һ˿΢ټ֮ԨʱΪһԪڹټԲһ˿ĺۼ
ȷӡ
ȻûзǱǸѰͨˣҵҲٳˡ
Ԩɫ䣬ֻιҩֻƲԱߵʺ
ƲɻʺĿʾ⡣
ϣƸܵ˵Ĵ̼ϵĹټȻңָһ
ʱΧע⡣
ټˣ
޵ʱ̫Ҳæ˹
Ų۷Ĵ󳼴Ҵ˽
ټң
Ϊ׾䣬Ų֪ʹԼһ۹ԱƷϹԱ
˽ǷϣټҵָȷڲƤҲ
ԨǰķֻŻ籱΢ֹټһĿ⣬Ϊз磬˫лЩãȻƶǰʺ̫ԼԨڶϣ˫˽㡣
˫Ϊ죬Ƭ̲ŵʶҲˣ
ԣԨΪһ㶣һϣһ˫Ŀⶢе㼤ĹټңԨǰסټҵ֣˵ʣˣ
ã
ټ³һŻȳ
˿ԱһسˣͷЩȻټһ֮ǰǵĻǵͳĴС
ΪˣֻǱһ
λӵĻô̼˹ټңùټѹ
ԨվԱߣҲû뵽ټҵִ
ȻҲ˴̼йء
˴ιЯһɺˣעθУ黯۸ȹ̣̼ùټҴȻǿ
ڴζԣҲǲңǹټҲʦڸؿӡ
ټҴʱȴ͸֧ͲԪǻعⷵա
ټѺʺϻҽΪټΣڶسȻ޹һԣȴŽֱҽټʱްֻ農ָŻ뿪
Ϊȷ⣬ʺλִڹв֮·
һ⣬⼸λسÿһǶ롣
ڣʹټҷ⣬ҲҲˡ
̫һļλҲҴҳ޹ڣִҴȥ
ʱǻʹ⣬ǰӿ
ټȻѹǻΣҲǲؼĻǵͳУһǹټҲἰسὨԡ
ǹŹĹˡ
ӹټ֮Ԩע⵽ˣԽԽĿͶ˿ϣټϥ³ĻӾֻͳĴ߱Ȼеһ
ϵĿθһЩ˿λ˻ʵܣҲ
ڹټѺ󣬱ʱ뿪޵һңȺǲ
ԨҲ֪֮λʱǰ벽֮ңʱԿȥˡ
һǲκˡ
ǿᣬԼ棬չ¶Ķ벻֮ء

ȵңչһҹʺҲȥ
ȥ֮ǰʺԨڵڣͽһŴ齣ڵֵأ˼Զ


267 ̫
ڶ죬ѵ÷硣
ָеҲ»˲١
ֻǴʱʦУڶΡʳǡ
λʳǵϿգһĺʱƲ
ͷһŵǹ⻪׹
ڶȻʥֻԪˡ
ʱڶ࿴õһոµǳ죬ΧѾγ˲ϡûʡ
ƴ
ڶ֪ڳй֮ؿ£ĴǴһλӡ
Ŵ⣬ǳͬҲƶֻǱǳâȫǹֻܣһܵʸҲûС
ʱڻʳǴ⣬νԴ뿪֮󣬾ֱ˱ŵһڡ
һʼҵۣʼҵڣһλƵ۵ĵ
ʱνվһԣЩż
ѾãӦòҪˣȴȥˣֻܿʹߣ
Գƣˡ
νЩ̣ͨ˲ܹڶ塣
ۿŵֵĴ֮ǰߣνʵЩʡ
ֻνֳ˵
ʺѾ˳дֻ֣̫ܴйλȡһλУùټҺʥ˿أȴ֮λӦκǣ
νʵЩ޷⣬˶ܿõʵ
Ѿӿͳ֮üޣ˵֮ǰѾسУ빬Ը
һзģɾǴ׹
ֻ¾λδԺҲܹ
δǰһƬ
νϸλ֣֮Ƶ۵һɨȫһ˿̻Ϣ
Ѿˣƶ϶䣬⼸λִѾ빬в֮£
ʲô
νԣĿƵˣʱɫջ𣺡˵ⲻǺĳ
ԳΪĳȻŭ
ƵЩȻҡͷ˵Ĺʺһ븣𣿡
ôܣνƤ죬۵׻仯֪Ƶ˵ĿģνͷǾԽܡ
νԼҲ֪ΪڳйѣǵһܽʺҲ˴׹
ʺ󲻶Ը෴ʺ󻹶Ϊأڳ̫࣡
ң㲻Ҫˣ滹мλִ
⻰ȴöνɫ΢ɣôҸô죿
ƵЦżڻлᣬȥҲûе׹ԣδһ£
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ƵЦЦ޳ɵɾ𣬿ûôף
˵ţһֱʧԱ߹֮ϡ
ν˶ʱһ㶣Ҳ˲ò¶ȣʳǸ

νϵ֮ʱʱλִڹǰԸ󺰳²̫ӡ
½г۹Ա
ƺƺƵ
ֻȴټһӦ

һǽ֮һ԰ڡ
ټɼλڹ̧԰ڣԨΧ
ĶȻˡ
ֻǹټȴţ԰ڣԨͷҲڲ죬ټл˵
ټһңλֵĻʵĿ԰ڣʱ԰Ϊ˵ĵԭ˪ǵĲľȻʱڿţٻš
ĵҩģ滨ܣʱųŵķҷ
ⰻȻ
Ȩ
ټҴʱƲһΪ̾ĿԨϣ˵
Ԩʱ־˲٣߸ʣǷ޳΢Ǿ֮
ټһ˫Ԩϡ
Ԩ΢΢˵޳΢Ǿ֮Ŀǰ񹂣ע
컯ѽû뵽һأ
ټȻѾݸϢλʶԵõӡ֤Ȼ۲ѡ
ǹټһӵ롣
֪֮Ǻεȷ羰
ŹټҵĻԨʱЩĬ
֮ӵ޵Ŀԡ
֪ű漣
Ԩֻ˵Ǿɽ֮δȻҲһ֮ͥ
ǺǡټһЦΪҡҡͷɫÿɷֻȻЩϲΪԼλʶˡ
ΪԨάĻ
⵹㹧ά
ΪϵףܵظҲһƬǽؽˣҲҪ˱ᣬʾ
ֻ˵ظ֮ͲǾ
Ƭд̫ʵ۵̫ڻʵ۶Уټҽȥֻ
һ֮λǾ¡
ҵټƽûʲôõóֵĳɼûпҲ˵飬˲ء
ȥ֮ٲó̫漸ȡ
ȻΪټҵӣǺ֮˸ɵƯҲΪټҳָ̫
ټҸ֮̾ĿʶҪٺһ;񣿡
Ԩɫһʿָ֮Ϊ𣿡
Ԩ֮ǰټڵʱͲ²⵽ټ֮ǰйС
ʱָҲӢ䣬ֻǵз֮󣬲űģ
֪ˣ
ټ˫Ŀ⣬¶𶯡
ת˲һ˿˵½Լɣ
ûֱӸ棬ֻΪЦЦ˵㵱δȻǽ㣡
֮ʾԱߵһλ̫࣬һԨǰ
һɫ뺣
ǣ
ԨĿһֻɨһۣɫ𶯡


268 
Ԩ˫Ŀ𶯣ʱü黯۸𶯡
һƵ֣ȲɣͬƾеĴۣԨһ˿ܡ
ܵĲǳɫ뺡
ǳɫһ
ǻµ
Ԩͷ𶯣ͷɫ뺵в²⡣
ֻټ˵
ΪƳ飬ֻǹʵ򲢲֪޵ȷǵõһ飬ֻԵֻܽ㣬ܹƿ޵ź
ټЩпЩᣬ䴫ŵ󣬷ڸࡣ
˲֣λ˵ĪС
Ȼġ
ԨҲЩŹֻ֣ԱһֱĬĲ̫൭˵²عģ
Ԩֽӹɫ뺣ĿƲһλ̫ࡣ
֮ǰע⵽λ̫࣬ϸ̫ףʶ
ⲢǹǼλϤĴһȫİס
̫򵥣һ˻ĹŹָо
ΪˣзŮһ壬ȻǿпŮŮı仯޳ֱ仯Ĵڣзǳܲ㡣
ǸʮϹ൱ˡ
ԨĿгɫϣأԽӹɫ뺣ɫһֺ
εƵ
һɳɫųɫ뺣ԨǶҲгڸµĳɫݡ
нơ
Ԩδ⣬΢⸡֣ˢʱɫϸŵĳɢ
ټҴʱ۷̥İ̫ȴ
Ի飬ֻҪµǻ
λȴǿƿ
汻ƿˡ
ʵ̫ɫ𶯣Ҳ跨Ҫƿ飬
ǿл顣
һֻӲܴ򿪵ĵͳе伮
һֻлӣܴ򿪵ĵͳе伮
ǡǳл£Թټܿȴܿ
̫ͷΪ𶯣֪һĻֺ̫ͷ˼̲ס࿴λۡ
顭
ʱƿɫϵĻµƣԨʱɫϳĸһ׭ģ׭ģԨϵá
üͷΪţ۵ھ죬ɨɫһݣԨɫ¡
龹һ֮ͨ·Ĵе伮
ȫû뵽ټϾȻ֮·Ĵе伮
ϹټķƣԨͷʱЩ𰸡
ټз磬ǿ޳йأֻв÷ܴߵһꡭ
ԨԼµֻ࣬ⱻټΪ䱦һĳ飬ԨͷΪЩΡ
޵ĺܡ
ʱֻټΪ̾˵Ӧÿˣǳ飬߻µ۾ΪλҵĴ
һУ
ܵ飬ͨ෽Ĳѯȷ١
ȷģԭǴ󺺵۹ҴУ꺺ԳնߣԳ׺޳ɳ飬ɻֻһ޳ɳ֮һ񣡡
󺺻ʵ۶йȻδ޳ɵ۾֮Ҳѹɽ֮񡭡
˵ţټ˼֮ʱǿʢĳ
Ԩأ󺺻ȻİԵǿƣҲɽ֮
ʵڴΣĻʳо񣬵޷ӳֻܱһЩѹ
ֻټҴʱֱֵçλʧȻɹ֮ʣȫЩվʧ˴У
ƣĿԨϣ˫дʡ
񣬴ҵȴλУҵдʣ
ʲ޷޳ɴͨʶҴεĲţ΢ǿᣬϣ޳ɴ飬̧ιˡ
˵ټ̲ס󳱺졣
Ԩ
Ƭ̣Ԩų˵Ṽڴ
ն
Ԩȷ㹻޳ɵ۾֮֮ˣ΢۾Ҳھ΢۾Զˡ
ã
ټҹЦЦķ⳩죬ͷʮ֮һɨա
ִ
޷֮ͨ·ĺǼϣ
ֻЦ֮󣬹ټֻǰһڣתϷ̫æǰסԨҲһʱټҿɲܵ
ټҴʱȴǿţɫֱӶ̫
Ųگѧʿ븣
ѧʿִʱگѧʿԺѧʿ븣ֻһĿģǾگ顣
ѧʿԺѧʿְͨר˾ְ֪֮ھΣΪټگ顣
ڸſڣ䣬֪ʹγƼټټԺѧʿʱ
ټѾ˾ϡ
ټٴټλִ뼸λִ̫֮¡
֮󣬱ʥּʡ´£ԨΪ̫ӡ


269 ƾӶξ
ڲ̫֮󣬹ټҽһʥּԻ̫ӸոճΪɣɻʺ
Ȩͬ
ʥּһ£ʱڳ͢еسͬġ
Ͼ̫ӸδʺЩǳ͢ʵϵȨߡ
ټұչ޵ʺۡ
Ǻ
ֻʥּ֮ʺڴĻߵϡ
λʺľ棬̫Ϊʱ֮ڣҲõʵϵȨֻ̫ӡ
ʱʦڶ󳼣ζɫŶӸķ
ϸλ̫ҲСˣӧ֮ңѾɼҵλܹܵͷһ̫ϻ
ʺǷʱֵܺ޹ҰĹ黹Ȩ


ʵβڻ̫ӵĹҡ
βͬǰƣ̫ӵĶΪ˽ʡͨûǺ͵ۡĹΪһƬ
̫Ȩ黯Щôλ̫ûԼ̶ĹҾ̫ܿελá
ξǻ̫ӸõĹԱ̫ͨõĹԱ࣡
Σղ¸Ҵ֮ĹԱûС
󺺣ƣ̫ӸĹԱǻҲ
̫ӣ⣬ֻͨ㱼λҪеسЩִ㲻ˬǸܡ
̫Ӹ֮ȨΣˣûô

Ԩʱڶ๬̵ӵ£ԼĶ
ǰһƬܶǵΡ빬ڣ֮֮ǰĸңӸضá
Ƶ
Ԩδ߽Ѿĵ
ټҺʺΪء
ټ̫ӵʱܲңֻһªĵͰңҪҡ
̫ӵ£δľڣʺԸЩūʱ̫ӵãǵ²⣬ʱǲأǲ
ۣ϶Цݣǰλ̫ӵΪС
֣ʱаλׯŮ˹һȣá
ԨĿһɨλƲһۣüͷΪһǿˣĿת˲δгտȥ
ӵȼ̫ӵ£
Ůʱǰݺݺ࣬ݻʣжׯ̬¶
ɣ
Ԩ˻֣ͷЩ֣ЩŮƷʱҪһ㣡
չ̫ӹеŮͨԶׯΪ׼⼸λŮ֮壬ʺѵͲ̰֮˻
̫ԨĿⲻЦΪ˵
ʥ˴侫ϸѡΪѡİλŮʣƷУòǼģòȫǲ㶼ھʦС
Ԩͷ
Ԩ֪ЩŮݷͬһ㣬ǱУܹΪֱ̫ϸڵģȻҲΪ
ԨЩЦݣͷҲ˿
λ̫үʲôã̫ɣʥ˾߹ŵľǵ̫ү̫䣬Ѫ÷ܵĴ¡
Ϊδ𣬻̫ӿɲûѪá
Ȼ̫ӹǲ˰һЩò̫ڳڵŮ
˰λŮ֮⣬͢λС¹ٰæңƵһ˿
ŮС̫֮󣬱ȥ

Ƶһв׵֮Ԩңʱһ˵ĴУԨڲüǧת
ڶ̫ӵıϡ
ΧʳйԴԴϳתʳϿĴιһ޴
Ϣһɻֺͷλ񣬻Ϊλ
黯۸񣬸ԴλΪУʱλһ黯۸ʱⱩǣӴü΢ͥ
΢ͥۿɼٶȣ䣬ʵ
۾λʵΣ
ԨΪ֮΢۾Ȩǣͷ΢⻪ǣѹƣѾȡǿŵǣΪִƴȨ
еıڽջ˳ɱĻر
û뵽лҪ򵥵Ķ࡭
Ԩ±ĽϣɫЩп
ڴ󳼵Ŀ⣬Ԩ֪Ԩ⣬ЩҴ£ڲǺں룬ʺжȨѡ
ֻǲ򲻵ѣԨ˺ʺ
ʺϾѪͳϵĸףҴòּҵֶΣӲš
Ϊ̫ĿǰҪԵľԨҲ⣬Ϊ̫ӻвξȨ
֮ǰزĹټѾگ顢Ժ˾شԾϱ⣬һ̫Ԩ׳ʹȴ鴦
Ȼû̫Ӽ̫ҲǸõĿʼ͢ѾʼŶתơ


270 ۾֮·
áʵڲǸʲôû
Ȼô룬ԨǾãʲôʿӹ̫ˡ
λʵ۸ȺʿȳˣŻԲе뷨
Ҳˣ̫ӵȨӣĸ̫ӻЩôҡ
̫ӸȨνáõϷ̫ࡣ
۵̫֮ʱѾûʲôȨ
һϱţԼϾλҲҪʿĳ⡣
ˣΪĻ̫ӣʼҲǻ̫ӡ
뷨ԨƵƬ̣ǰӸС
Ͼ̫ΪҪְǡʰ
̫ʱ࣬еûţܵøɵɶ̫̫ھ͸ˣ͹ټңʺ밲˳Ҳٲ̫
Ӹ֮ԨϾܻʳ⣬·Ա׹ݵĳء

Ԩ˻̫֮λһ·˳˳ˮκβ
壬ǵûɵвͻ黯۸ϤΪ۾ΰһ֡
ȴڶΪȡ
ǾȻȹˣ
Ϊ΢̫ǿѹ˴λķɣ
ʱξʦΧڶĿȻ
Ƶϵ󣬲ûӹһЩи˫ȻΪǣǻ̫ӵǲûгǹ߳㡣
ڻʳ֮תӴͬϼסƵûκεĳͻ
Ѿ׼ֵڶ
ڶ񣬰һЩĶʥ֮ԼһټزϢϻo㶼ɫŹ֡
ףĪһ֮仯
ǿ΢ֵܹסеĳ΢ǾȨ΢֮
ڶһĵط߳ͼƵı仯
ֻһΡǵصѹڶΪⷴɣֻܷӣܵɡ

ʱڱţǻʼҵС
ƵһϮϽɫۣͷڣĿһӴޱȵϣ͸ӣͼ΢ı仯
ɲ飬һ˿΢ޱȵУͼڲ΢ǵǰϣݳһЩϢ
ֻǲϣѽӽϵ΢ǹŹ⻪΢ǹⴹ䣬ؼ޾ƵԪһľ֮С
ܣҲ©
鿴һ̻ǳ񽣽ӰԴξʦϿոֳɲǼնһпķ
ԯ񽣣
Ǵι˵ͳ˵ͱӻ
Ƶˣױܹԯһ֪ǳȴǱ֮ԯնԪʱܴ
ʱУƵϽɫɫתƵͷ
ڸǵֻΪ΢Ǿԭ򡭡
ƵҲǼʶ㲩ݣ΢Ǿȷп̫ܰѹסеĳͻһ˿©覡
ʱ̫Ҳһ
Ƶ˴ʱһþ磬һ仰
ôʣ˼ѡΪ˵۾֮·
Ƶͷ̾ΪĻĴڣԸλλ̫ӵõʲôʱѹס񣬶ԸǺߡ

ʦ̫صء
Ԩ˲گ̫֮ǿҲڽƵϵס
ۿƵϵǹⱩǣ
΢ǰδе΢ǹ͸̫ϿյĲ񷣬̫񷶥ͶӰһ㡣
֮࣡
̫Уλ˷׷׵ͷ¶˿˿ЦݣǵĴھȷλȶС
Ҳͬݡ
ټԪ࣬Ļ̫ӵƣǶԣҲž޴档
ڶ̫ˣʱھ鹬УλĿƵϵһλۿƬ̣̾
ϣԨȷ۳˵۸˵۾֮·֮Ļ֮ͻ
ڵ̫ࡣ
վڶһӰǾ鹬꼻һ֣ڶ̫˳֮Ϊĵˡ
ԣϵҲ˵ȷǷϳеӣ
ִһĨͳ«һڣ۵Ϊţһ˿֮⡣
Ϊ̫ӣУǷӡУͷ仯
ǰֱ仯ԴλңһѵĺϢ
ʵҲλ΢Ǿ˵۾֮·С
ڴλҶԣǸ޴ʧƽһ񼶵ǿߡ
ǲ֪ߵ۾֮·λ̫ص̫ˣ
ֻ̫˵ΣҵȶҪΪһ
ǿߴ϶ܡ
ֻҪλ̫Σٶ࣬ҲǼ¡
λ̫δԽǿǵܹͨ۾֮·ΪһͥҲܹմЩˣǾ޴˱ӻ֮£˲˵ѻϺܶࡣ
һͥĳ֣൮ٸλá
ؼ䣬ЩȨһܲһӣһͥǸڶʿ˾޴ᡣ

Ԩ֪λұһЩǿ߶޴ڴʱЩ鷳ΪΪ̫֮ʺҪΪָ顣
ָһ̫
Ӹڣʺʱ˫ֱԨ˵̫ӣ㲻ٷĸ󣡡
͢ҪһλĸµĻʺѹʥض졣
Ȼδٴ󱦣սֶľ֧


271 ָ̫
ѹʥţ
ԨĿΪһ
ӸڣУϣš
ʱķϣʺƲһԨͬʱҡҡͷ
ʵڲףλʶǺεȻԵǸСףȴͻͽڸ֤
ΪԨ˵ҴλΪԱأЩʥ಻ֻǼɵεȺϿɣִͳòסʵ
ڶʥţʵ򲢲ʮ죬ʮأڶеӣδ΢ƽ⣬гһմۣǶĳʥƽⱻĥһƱҪܸѹ
˵ʺԨЦֺ꣬Բ㸲֮գѹЩʥʮأӵһλǿһЩķΪֵѹɲ٣Ҳһ

Ԩóϣʵಢѡһλʺûи飬һ£ӵһλѣһĵ顣
û뵽λҺڶʥţôèС
Ҳ˵ΪҪʺִƳҲҪæѹʥдѹ
жģԨ̫ʷпǶеİ
˶ģ½־л棬ȵ
ʺʱɫЦ˵ʶǲ㹬ǰλŮУһλľֻϧ޵УֻܳΪܳΪ
ԨЩʺָǷꡣ
ԨҲû뵽ǰֱ󣬾ڶпλã
λˣ˷꣬оϳλŮеһλ
Ѿ˼λŮӱѡŮǻǽ˶С
Ԩֻܵ޷ȻΪֻҪѹλܷӳã
ʺҡҡͷ˵ѡĸѾΪ㴫Ϣ̫Ӽѡʥŷ棬ò˶þͻϢ
ʿѡ
ԨҲǴо졣
ЩʥصŮʿһףԸ
Ԩʵϣ
ʺƼԨüͷɫԼµԨһ˼ʱЦ˵ʶ㲻ԷƱ޳o֮ޣܿһ
ԣԨԡ
ʱ켣çģĹ࣬Ըoʵͦ㡣
ʺ֮λ¹شĸضΪϸѡĸϡ
ᵽϣʺĿΪӡ
ðɣ
Ԩ׻ɿڡ
Ͷˣ
ʺкЦݣܹλʶɿʵڴס
ʺԨѯһֺݸ飬ݸ̫ˡ
΢Ǿʩչܱͨ߹Լ
Ƕ̫󣬻Ҳ֪ѣ
ǵ̫ͨ΢Ǿ֮ܵһӦγ˹ģ
΢ǾֻһλǾǾ
Ԩһǵʺȫޱ֧ʺ͸¶һֵ۾֮·
ĳ̶ֳȣҲ˵ʺȨ
ѾһΣĿǴŴλΪͥͣڷײΣûȨıҪ
ֻǶλõ۾֮·;ԨΪΡһ£ֻԳĳç磬񻰳˴۾֧֡
Ԩδ˵ʹС
ʹؼΪĴ˵ʹ»ŵʺ
˵ʺҲɫ仯
̫ھˡ
ʶ˻Եһν񻰵ؿҲͰˣڶȻܽ񻰵ؿߣǷ˼
ʺͷȻип
һɹõ˴۾ĽֱӴ˵۾֮·
㾪ԵʺͬʱҲΪԨϵǡ
ʶԺǵؿ磬˵Ƽ⣬ѰʿҲһܹν񻰵ؿߡ
Ԩ˵ֹΣδĶ񻰼ĵؿߡ
Ԩţֱ仯빦ģйء
ԨƲһʺɫǵȻЦĸǵؿ߷ޱȣҲô
ԨȻԸͣðգʺҡҡͷ̫ӵײԸҼ
ʺͷЩź
ʺ̲סѯʣôʶڵ۾֮·ϣߵһ
΢ӡѾתԨЦЦ֮ľ磬಻֪
Ԩ΢ӡľ۾֮·
Ԩȷ֪΢ӡת֮ʲôľ硣
ķϣʺͷһ
Թܹڵٴ֮ǰ΢ӡľ𣬶࣬ǰλ̫ӾȻԽ΢ӡ硣
ڵ۾֮·ϵ˺־磿
ʺͷ쳣𶯡
Ƭ̣ʺ˵΢ӡĻԹԷӡӡӡ֣ӡת֮󣬵кξ磬ֻ΢Ǿ֪պҪʶԼˣ
Ԩǳ鴤
΢ǾȻҲ֪
ʺ˵ʶ۾֮·ԹޱȣҵҲﲻֻ̫࣬Ժѳ飬׻
ԨΪ֣ĸģһŴγһͬѣͲΰҵ
Ԩɫݵɫ䲢δκμ⻰˵ȴǼš
˼䣬Ԩʺֵĸ󣬶һҪĸ
ʺ£
ԨĸæѰһλ뾩ְ
Ŷλûʶأ
ʺɫЩ棬ԨʱΪ΢ǾѳѰ΢ǾȤ佫Ѱ֮ˡ
Ԩ뷨оֱѽ£Ӫָʹ࣡
ԣԨʺҪδսࡣ
ʱĵոտʼ
ҲҽĵڶһϽҵѾսλҽҲѪս½սֻʣѡ
Ԩ֮ǰͨ֯鵽첨ҵʱҲΪ𶯣֪ʷϵңĸ񻰹еҡ
ʺһڴӦܼ򵥣Ժĸ͸һּѺ͵ʦ
ʺ̲סͷɻʵʶΪβҪսպյ佫ΪƫҪһӪָʹ
ԨҲòЦڱѧʱ򣬱ŹλཫΪͣʶˣһٶңݣ΢֮λǾѾϤ
ǵǾ
ԨʶˣΪҪĻҪ֮˽ǵС
ʦƮҡ𣬹ټҲ֪ʲôʱͻȻͻݱڴ֮ǰ˽ǵĻۡ
˽һɣ΢۾λĳɾֻͣʣԪһ
ٴ󱦣ԪһĻԵڣ˼ǧѷꡣ
ԣڹټҼݱ֮ǰ˽ǣ
Ǿҳ֮͢Уе滹˲żüáʺҲΪ𶯣㽫ּͷͬʱĸǰȥشּʱͳҾڱ߹


272 Ů
ʱʦ⣬Խ֡
ټͨʡصĲ⹫ͨۡѾͨ¡
̫Ӳ֮£¹صͳУغغŸعԱǰ̣ǳҰ𶯡
ͬʱ̨ͨһͨµģʺΪ̫ѡ̫֮¡
̫δĻʺ
ټҲأǲʿҲܵõһǰټ֧Ų̫á
ܿ죬̫Ӿͽٴ󱦣
̫Ȼ֮ϵĹĸ
ʥһУһЩ
ʺѾϢЧ¹ټңʥѡһλŮΪʺ󣬸̫ӣͥ
òʥŵǿ߶Ϊġ
ŮǼ亱ʾѣ޵ӣ޵ӣδرȵʥųһλʺҪ
ʺ֪ʺڳΪʺ֮ǰֻˮɵһѰ
Ϊʺ֮ˮɷٸգ˶ٺô棡

أ𿤡
ͨиʱ䣬ҲͥУͨмҵĴŶعԱˡ
ȻڶԱǳҸһλδġǳӧҵԼڱص
ҪΪŮ׼ҵĹԱ˳ӡ
ֻڶԱΪϧǣܺͨжڶҵǧϣҵĵĸϲǸ˵ģ
ýţŽˣҲ˳ȥ
ˣǺαأλ˶ҵͬţܹǰˣҲһ⣬ܽȫ֮⣡
ʱڻУܺһɫۣĿ̫ʦϣƷϣһԹ
Σү˵̰Щ˱죬ǻ̫׽֮ˣͲ˼ԼҲҪԨǣ
ܺɫЩ㬣ϻǲݣɾǲ񣬵޷
Ҷͬţͷ̧ͷ
ϼ˲Цүǽųˣ·ϵľʹתʹȹԱɶǷ⽮ǿԨϣΪǻῴλƷͨУֻΣ
УүȻŵֻүѾ컶˪Ļͳͳ˳ȥ
ϴʱɫŭ֡
үϹҲס˵ˣҼѾͷ׵ѵ˼Ѿͷ
һߣүҪڼļӣүҪˣ޸ʱ鶨µĻ£Ϥĸ׵
ԣүЩƲһۣȻţϣʱƲԡ
үʵҲϵġ򹷡
ʱͷ̫ˣʦĪ˵ӧ֮ҵӵܣǵټң⣬Ϊ
˭û뵽ϾȻ˼ʱֻǸھӣɽ
ȻĽϣԱһֱұ¶
뵽һ۾С
Ϊ˺һү߾ܣ򹷵ıʷӵ£ӦɲƽԼձ˹顣
ô꣬ү
Ȼڣ
ݣ۵λ۲飬϶֮ϣһֻ˾Ȼ갫ͩϣвԸġ
˵ΪԱ˸ŤүûС
ô⣬϶ү档
ȻҲֻԺתûۡ
ͷһķ̣үٴ˹ʶԼıʣлСֹ˵ˣΪⲻǿͶˣҲˣ컶˪Ϲˣٲޣɾͼ޲ȥˡ
ϼүСٵģͷһЦȴߵ㿴Ǽ޲ȥ𣿡
ܺǺһЦȻǼ޵ĳȥ񱱵𿤣һҲź׼ңǿδʵ۵Ľ򡭡
ϼˣҡҡͷ˵үҲͬЩԱҵҪΪԨǣл̫ıδλ֮ǰĪΪԨ鷳
ܺԶʱĬȻٶۣҲ֪Թлֻ̫̫ڸˣһʱʧ˷ִ硣
ܺջǵͷŵʱ䣬ҵ͵һЩ
Ϊ̫鷳
ܴӦүǾǰһˮ磬һûֹ
յϢټʱ޶࣬Ҳû˼ҼƽС¡
үȥԱ߽̲סԹ
ЩǺôĵӣҴλע⣬үҲ̫ʶˣλǧ֮ͥ˼ң
һ۵Żлڵպ
ʱ䣬ѾΪүġ
˼Ƭ̣׻ҡҡͷ˵ʱ䣬ǵЩţү֪컣˪޵Ȼп徻
ףֵ
ô̫ѡ֮£δãƺԸʼҡ
ϿеָϱҵֶŮ
ֶŮ룬λ߾޵ӣ޸ԨΪңҺϼףȴһ޵֮¸ˡ
ڽϿ塣
ҿأϵ㲦ܷ֦ͩɽˡ
ϵЦԸͰˣӲǿˣ֮ŮȻ٣ҳλȻѣ
ҲЩźʵҲǲԸ빬Ϊʺ񣬶ԼҶӱ档
ҲҪôԸ빬ҲԸָ㣬赣ʡȥޣʱ֤֮͵δΪۺ
ۺǲͨĻʺ
ԨھʦתǹƫƣҲͨ˿ԨѾϵ۾֮·ڵ۾֮·ϣߵĲ
Ƭ̣϶Ž˵ǾһλŮ빬У̫ӣѹͥ
ǣ
ѽѽСӤȡ¾պԼ´׼˭ɡ
һɢһöƿʧ

ʳ֮⣬Ԩʱһ򵥵ľװһѰĽʿ˻ʳǡ
СһֱڻʹУټҺͻʺ밲Ҫôźټҩɰƻˡ
Źټ΢תһЩԨʱŻ˻ʳǡ
Ԩ뿪ʳǣɢģΪ£һӭӴӱظļԮ
Ϊ̫֮ҪǿԮ
ֻ뿪ʳǲԶԶŲУһһŮѾڴ˵Ⱥ
Ԩ֣ںȲĽŮʱ²룬ǰ
ү
ԨĿ⣬ʱĿڡ
ɽĪаǲض񣡡
һһŮǱˣǱԨ޼ɽУѹɷ۵ĸɽĪа󽣻ꡣ
ֻǰЩʱ䣬ԨɽĪаԲ㽫ɽо޵˵вֻҪ̵һɷá


273 ֮
ɽĪаѾع鱾࣬ȻûԼڵɷУɷ۴곹ȹ
һνԨҲ׼ֻǽǵɽ
նħɽĪаʱԿ
ֵһǣҲԨС
ڲȱ
ͬʱԨӴԪע⵽ɽĪаһ·˲β͡
󽣻ȻαװĺܺãǱʦƼһЩ޿
ָжٸޣĦȭ׼С
ɽĪаҲע⵽Լ鷳ĿԨΪһ˿Ǹ⡣
߰ɣ
Ԩӻ֣ɫȴ⣬геķȥ
гӭӸɽĪаˣԨ˽¼һǡ

˴ҡжȴ沼꣬ŵжʱһŽŷ򣬵ˣŮɫĿƲ
ŸɽĪа˳ƺԨΪү˿һ
ʦ壬ʲôˣΪι޵кۼ
ʱڽŵ¥λϣһһλδӴ⿴·Ľֵʱ·ӱζ·ϴðĿüͷ
Ȼݿʵ˫͸¶⣬ϱˣ֮
һҲֻۣʮ꣬Ƥ΢ףüһ˫Ŀ׺룬ͷУϳ׭ۡ
˶ɣһϯӷͤһǳĻᡣ
ʦ任ʥŶǰҲӦ䡣
ֻ˸ո뾩ʦԶͿ΢ɲĽʶʱλʿע⣬ط̽
һֶʱ˲ãλɵĵ˼
ؼ񽣱Ͳࡣ
ÿһĪܣҪôڼǿǿϣҪôʥС
ǰ񽣣غܽǵħƽֶΡ
ֻǿΪүʱͷ˰ء
ĻḧĥҲҲߣ
ֵܵѰ֮
ͤĿź˵ʦ壬Ǹȥһٵķ֣֮
֮⣬аħȻҪ跨նħˡ
ԪᲢûзأҲ˼˺ʿһβˡ
ʿڵȴǰȥ̽ĳͷʿóβмĸˡ
£ҪҪǴЩһ
ʱԨ󣬸ɽĪаѾЩŭԵ޹ʱβ棬ٺõӣҲЩŭ
Ԩԣڰ˵
ЩӬ
ԨĿƽβ棬һЩֻѾʩͽ䣬Ԩ⣬ع
ϲţǾ͸Űɣ
ԨǺһЦɽĪа˶ʱЩŹ֣Ŷòλүӱôˣ
ԨȻӱãѾҪȵ˳ˣ˫УʦϿһһǻԱ߶ʦϿתǲԽȹ̣
ԨԼҲ֮ǰ뾩ʦʱ򣬾ʦǾ޴ȻԪͳķȻ𵴲ݣһɺɷ֮ӣɢ
ǵɢ޷復ʦеڶţ
ǹټҲ񻯵ףĻؾ¹룬ʱסǲ
ֻЩӿ
ѭһӱضǹ⣬ԨڳֵľͷŮ
ŮȲֻһһŮһ̯ǰࡣ
ǸŮʦ㣬סһԨҲʦͷתκټ
ŮʦһĸߴӢӣֻǴʱ˫ⰵЩľګüתĻɬΪ
񵽱ˣ
ˣԨ˿˿ЦݣǸߴӢ϶࿴˼ۣǸߴӢӴϿҲе֮ࡣ
ʱϳһᦣԻмף
Ҵ磬ҲҪҪһԣ
һһŮҲ̯ǰҲǻԳغֻ˫˸鶯ԡ
ԱŮȻŲ£ȴݾ㣬ʷѰŮܱ⡣
Ԩֻǿһ۴Ů֪࣬ŮʼңֻǴʱѶѡ
ðɣȥһǱ֮ΪҴĶغӿЦŴӦԨĿǱ֮ΪҴϡ
ǾҪȵǾ
࣡
ĳ֣΢ͥ΢𶯲ѣƬǺӸ𶯣ܵӰ죬ʶԨԼĸɽĪа


274 
Ŀ⣡
һ˫ޱȵʮꡣ
֮·޵ĲɽǱ佫ɱš
ΪȻδɣоĲ򵥡
ߣҲȥһԣ
ԨʱЦԱߵĸɽĪа΢΢鴤Ǹȥ
λֵҲǰࣿ
ˣڡ
Ԩ±ǰʦ˼ҵ֮ʦΪʮʮ飡
һ̯ǰڶǰĿ;㶼ɫ¶ƵЦݡ
ʦ˴νʦ̾жټ
ԭǹϵ̯̣
ͷҲ˵ʦͷ
̯ǰľګԨҫϣʱΪˣ
λ۹⣬ҼСʿҹ˵ĵŮǿ࣬ǲ⿴࣬޲֮
һԣԨƲһۡ
Ԩڶ˴ʱɫ仯Ҹ̫
ʦ֮УԻҸ˱˴֮һλʦ֮ͨ©
ֻǰʱ䣬й¶̫࣬˽ѡ
ϻкˣЩֶΣ
ĪҪΪ
ԨŸɽĪа̯֮ǰμ棬ԨλǾӡ൱
ʷУǸı佫νǴڵһ룬ҵʱ򣬵෢ӳ˼á
ȻڿҲǸ֮ˡ
ˣŷġ
ֻǳӡ󣬽üӴ
Σշλδս
ǾϿɣٻǾϿɣ˽ǿһ
ոλǾڼǸϼŮ֮ĹϵԨѾ˷ӡ
̯ǰŮҲѾע⵽̯ǰˣĿΪ𶯣ССүү֮Ѿʤ
һ۱ǿ˾Ѱ֮
±Աľګɢˡ
λԲסҼСͿΪֹλأ
һʱ䣬ڶ¶ź֮ɫǷ׷ɢȥ
Ȼ̯ϵĹ˼С𾴡
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൱ο˵㣬δȫԣص棡
⻰òϼһɣֻ̯ԵĸߴʱˣõôôƽҼС㣬ҪСǸ
ΪǹСʱֹ˵Ҫ񣡡
ǲϼˣҲΪֵһ۵࣬ǸСҪ֣ҵֻǰ̣һʱʧ̬ûж⣡
ʱҲ֪ʧԣС㣬ȷǵʧðˣˡ
ֵ֪Сܷλͬ鿴ࣿ޳ԸﵱԽ𣡡
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ǹС㿴һ壬ЦܻȥҹӣûпĻӦҴ֮㻹ջȥɣ
λС㣬ҿΪ㿴࣡
С⻰ʱõͲϼΪˣСĿڲϼϣƬ̣ȴǴһ˿ЦݣЦ˵λϼֱӦǷǸҷϬֱͥ
ϼ̲סΣ
СЦǳ壬ֻϧɫӦǴ֮ʣ
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⻰òϼ͵㶼¶ϲɫֻСʱֵϧüмɷֺ֣ɫףŻѪ֣֮
ʱЩżԲϼʮġ
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գйд⣡
СһЦԱԨɫͷԵͷ
ԺݵĽ·ԨɫЩȻλϼŮӵȷôá
ԷȻңüɷȻδɷء
ó߹ֽݣһ㶼
СȻˣ˸ͷ

ԨԼȷǵĹˣڣϼЩɷ⡣
ֻ˿Ǿͺã
ϼҲһ˫Ŀ̺ϲɫ˵лСΪָԽ򣡡
ҲҪٴҾȴС˫ҡͷ˵ҹӣĴ񣬱ɲܣ
⻰һʱõɫһ棬һֱβһЩ޵֮ˣҲ˼˼Ưڵϡ
ԨɫֻĿһ۹С
ϼҲæѯʣС㣬ʲô˵
λ׳ʿɲӡ÷ü񡭡
ո£Ͽձֳף𶯣СɫʱһףԪɬҪը


275 ɢǴ
СЩˣʱָֻ࣬ҪλӽһԵδ˷Դ˻ȡһЩر
Żǳ˲ӡ
Է˵ڴʱƫй¶Ӳ˷ɡ
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о׽ٱ
ʵϣǲڻ˷ɣǸ׽ڵ㡣
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ԨʱעһƹҲֻǰСʱѹסź
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λиԪᣬͤ£һ۱ǲǲ֪Ѿһޱȵ˾С
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ԨʱȻĵ۾Ϊ̫ӣʸһ־ʦܹ˳Ҳֻһ֮顣
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ȻȺ˲ֻתϤ΢ͥסһ񣬻ֱӲʡ£ʧ̬衣
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Ŷ㵱Ը⣿
Ԩ˫תСδؿϣߴԸ⳼΢Ǿ£ǵֵ֡
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޳ǽСʱɴ۾ͷ𶯣ǰλǰǺηʥ֪Եˣ˻Ե컯
æ
лʦ
Ԩڰ֣СֻǸͷǿǽյĴջ
Աǵ໹ڷȻоһʹתͷϼһ
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ּ䣬ԨŸɽĪаȥĿĴʱѾﵽˡ
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Ǵ˴ηؾʦǹټյ㣬Բҵ


276 
ʳ֮⣬ŲԶһֺ
Ծ
Ծǵټҵ׵ܡ
̫һһλ׵ܣõܡ
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ԾҲһֱֵĺʵԹټҲÿս밲ǳΪټǮˡ
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ڣԾһǫǫӵģƵӭ䡣
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ȻЩϾ֮һ
ЩҪĹ񣬾Ǻܺõӡ
ʱƵãǰйѾˣ򱻾ʦؽĳȦ޷ǿ£Ķ

ϽɫһԨŹСɽĪа˾ۡС
΢ֵͥĵطԶȥ硣
ͷ鷳
ԨȽʱûʱ䴦ˡ
Ϊ˷ֹ⣬ǿϳ⣬Ԩֱ𵥶ҵ˹СͿ
Ԩ˹Сһƪȵõġʯ澭ƪ
СǵУ˷ͳţֻһС
ΣԨԪ»ƣʱȹˡ
Ԫ»ԭ»Ǿ͸ԨıԨһֱԪѹħ
˵Ȼô󣬵ڹСԣǡǡ֮
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ڿһó⡣
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ɱ֮⣬Ĺı˵Ļʵۡ
߳ԨʱͷЩļƻ
õĺãǻ֮󣬻ܳΪ澢еɱﵡ

ʳУԨʳǣ׼ټѺ͵֮ʱ·֮Ȼɫһ䡣
ʱʦڶܿʦϿһűޱȵĵȻƮҡһһĵǹâڷ
ʦʱһ춯صı
䣡
Ԩͷһæתǰ
ʱڸУټڷһö֮ȻػԣȻң


277 ڶʵλ
ټң
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ټҲأʺͼλִѾһ׼еǰʱš
ʦΧȥ֤ʦȹ̡
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ˡ
ʺԱ߿֮ʵĹټңɫΪӡ
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ټңһӶУָУˮһա
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Ȼ̫ΪټԶ̫󹬣ҲʺΪ
ԨԱЩΣ̫ܺʺֶᲢۣλһģԨҲվ˳ϾǻʺӣôҲܿʺ裬򲻽Щ󳼻ҰҲ覴á
ʺע⵽Ԩ飬ֹ
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˵Ҳ̫ζ˵ʥ˵ҲѪ˥֮ڵã
⻰һԨվԱ߰λĸսû˵

仰˼˵ˣǸݵʱˣܵôץеȨʱһɷӵĵ̡
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ӦƽټȻڴ˿սᣬܾ֮ȻһֻҪ棬ʱԹܾͨ
Ԩסټ𽥱ƣֻаһ㿴ôΣôθһ¥ðǰ³
ƽʱУŻƳϣʱڲϺľһԣ𽥴
ջʵ۱븣ϢǴ£
գ̫Ԩڻʺλִӵ£븣еٻʵλǴελʵۡ


278 
ʮ£ɽ䣬ͬµۼλʥΪʥԪꡣ
µ۵ĵǻڴɡ
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ûʲô鳼ҲûʲôԿӰӲʱ»ʵԨΪź
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ȵ۱֮һǰ⡣
Ĳ˵µ۵ǻⶨš
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̫̫̫ʣµӣǼӷΪֻ̫Ļ˳ˣܸųȥ帣
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ʵǲˣĳЩӿҪѳᣬǻʵۺǨӱ𹬣˻ʵҲܱȥ꣬ȥȵۡ
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ȵµţԨȡ˳λ󳼵Ľ֮ȻʷеʥΪš
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ټңȺΪֺΪʥԪТʵۣڡ
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Ԩ˼ȻȫǨӱ𹬣ЩĻ֮ҪЩȻܷŹ
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ʣµ£ټµ̯ӣݸ·С飬ԨԴˣ˽ⲻ࣬ԾͱĿԣʺá

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ٶʱ΢ͥ𽥳ŴתƣԴΪĪ˵ӽһСܱ

ӢУԨϤƬ΢۾ȨԨɫһ⣬ֻȻоӨ΢⸡֡
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Ԩͷɣתһ룬ƾżģ壬༶ģתۣɣѶȵȷҲС
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287 ɨʦ
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Ȼл̺һţʱѾ֤͵۾һoԦˣҲȥڵ۾֮·ϣȫȥ

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ع䰲Թƽǰмݣ


288 Ǯͨ
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Ϊӣ΢۾ԨӲܡ
ΣһǮĹټҡ
ƽսǧδɢȻŨɱ¾֮ѪɫսУչһӶǿľȻҵĽɱһ𣬻ͣ·裬ȻԴԴʧ֮³սϡ
սһΡ룬Ļɫʯ
֮ǰһʯʱɭɭӰڶš
䰲г⣬ֺαؾܾ
ϸȥȴλаӵλˣλ˸غɫ·Ĺ۷аȻ
ʱһλɫӰӰվʯ̨׵ϲ㡣
Աؼ׵ѪʱһλȻЦ
ضԣȪ֮λҼҾϻδʶȤͳȥǲʶȤǾ£
˵λɢŨѪɷϢѪɷϢȣ˶ʱɫ΢΢һԸֳ⣬ЩϤɡ
ϧˣҵȴȪŶǴżģȻ䰲ҵȺ⣬ʱĪڣ
Ϊ׵ĵ˺ٺһЦһλ˶һۣ۵һ˿ʱֻ֣ƲһΧʱȥ
Ŀлв֮Ա

̨ϣλʱȻŭ񱩹ͬ嫺һӰ
֮ڴֻ֣֮Ϊλ֮䣬ԻһãλϮ
λɫʱ仯ֻͷһΪΪģֻɲǱǻΪͷЩͷƹ壬޷תɷҲʧ
ۼ̨ϵҪԴ

ϣȴһ׺գһֲȻ֣ìɨһ׹ãȪйʱɫһֻͷʱΪУϸ֣ʬ˺޲ͻȻڴӰ
䰲ǿߵȷҪһЩλ䰲δ֣λǿߣһǵķ
ܶǲ¶Է˭֪䰲ǿ˺εȵز
Ҳ巽һĴڣ
λԲ²⣬Щ΢仯
Ȫųǿޱȵ֮⣬ξ巽ۣ巽ǰյظλ裬˵вܵظλۡ
칬λһԻ칬Ի̩ɷ¹ԻͷԻԻ߷ǹԻ˾ԷλֵĹ񣬷ֱǵ칬ĸ˾񣬺͵칬񣬵оǷͬһ㡣
ߣ
вгͷ⣬Ҳ˲λشλ׷ʧ֮ǰ
Ŀȥ֮󣬴ɫ仯Ŀ𺳵䰲Լϳֵһλ߹ڲΡ
ĿλߣǸ߹ڲӰ˲⣬̾
𣬻Ȫŵ巽ǲݵģƽսǶǿ޴ķ⣡
λϣ䰲ɫ߹ڲӰüͷȰȲԸߣ㻹СΪϣһδضù㣬Ǽ붯֣ӦǼңҲסԷ
߹ڲӰʱһ۳ƽս·һر仯ڷ컯˵Ҳоˡ
λϣ䰲ʱڻڡ
öȰ巽ҪĳҲǣ
䰲ȫܾʱЩΣðɣ
˴ô꣬Ƣ
ʱȴͷ֣һϹƿտʱӰǰΪһϹתĴ֡
ʥگԻ䰲мݣ
ټҷּ
һĻ䰲δڣǰѾ
ɫзŭҪɢǰʥּ
ҲǷŭǰʱűԵв룬ƳټҪټپ٣ĺ¡
һȺιټҲʲôֵǰȥ
Ŀһȴסڶλ԰꣡
ʱ䰲ǿĿ㶼ˣʥּ֮⣬һϹԶԾӪԾӪڣ漴һȻ𣬳žʦ֮ظȥ
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Ŀء
䰲ʱЩʱ²⣬ټʱټʲ
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ټ΢ǾݣѾʲôܣ΢Ǿ֮˾λ񣬺ʱȻ˵۾֮·
ΪյĹˣԵ۾֮·Ϥˡ
ǴĹˣ۾֮·İ
۵һ˿Ȼ˵Ȼȥλټң
Ŷ䰲ԣʱ̧ͷâ

ʦУԨ³گ󣬱ͷ̫ˡ
Ԩüģ֪鷳ˣ̫бȻǰʦˣϾոմһӣ˴̣͢Ԩ׼
ĸף˵̫Ǽ£
ͷСˣҲҪ̫ͼ


289 С˺ͷ

ʱһֻСɵĲɫԨﲻֵţֻԴӳɳһЩ֮󣬾ϲܳڡ
Сӣǵúúñ֣Ժʳĸˡ
ԨЩεץסֻĳ
ץסֻɫʱЩŭȼɫ棬ŭ۷
ͷСгɳһ˿
棬ħ𣬾β΢棬ȵ棬
ֻǻۣԿ֮󣬱һܺӡ
Ԩʱֻ̰֣Ҹչ˶
֮Ůʲˡ
˳С̫ŭһٶá
ǡ
Ȼ̫Уһ۱ǱԨĴڵС˸ˡ
̫ԾͷȻСܸ߹ɫෲ
̫ҲǼʶ𣬲ǲʶ֮ˡ
ټСŨޱȵķϢͬ
ĸˣ
ԨҲ̧ͷ
»ӻ֣ԱߵС¹ȡһķΣ̫
Ա߹˲̫Ŀ಻ʱڹټǷСϡ
˵Ҳǵһο
Ľһֵӵ
ֻԨʱЦ˵ĸãĸʱѻһֱеǲѣĸһԲĸһЦ
ټˣ
Ԩ˵ͷʦ̫Ҳ滺
ʱȷ鲻ãټͻȻţ֪ټֻʱͥȻ
ʱ䣬й¶ѹϣЩƣ
Сӣ
ԨһУǳڷɶһʹӰʱͷ£ϣΪһֻСˡ

ʱͷСҲ֪ԨĴ㣬Щ鲻Ը
ԨȴͷСˣһץڣü˵鲻Ըúðһ̫Ժô׼ٻ޵ߣ
Ҳǰޣ
ণ
Ϊת峺С̧ͷ鶯жԨ
Ԩݸ˵Ȼǵ棡
ȥɣ
ԨһӣС˶ʱһȻ̫ǰ
̫ΪһĻͷѾ²⡣
ټңһͷ񣿡
һͷ̺컯ķ飬ĸӦ棡ԨĿ⺬ЦǰߵһԣȡԱһյϣЦϾʱ仹ĸƣȤ
СһѾǿҪĸ½̵а
Ƽ̫ЦݣԨаԸ̾Сԭ׼͸δʺġ
С̺ŷɽӵѹλ֮ܣŮЧ
ֻСһܺӣԨǾЩͷۣТУʱ֮ӭȢʺһ֮ǲС
ɴ͸̫һǸ̫ѹλ̫ҲתıԵܵС˳ࡣ
ڻʺδ֮ǰ̫ܳ⡣
ȻλȱѹǬʧ⣬Ӱ쵽׳΢۸Դ
ҲӰ쳯ȶ
δͻʺֻܵ´οܲҵʲô
ԭͷոճķˣѹƤʶݴĸȷϲ
̫Ŀ¶Ȱ֮ɫԾܾͷ˵ջ󣬸ο⻹ǹټҵһƬТģֻҪǹټͣʲôˡ
СȴЩͷСųֻԶԶ̫Ϸţǲ
СӿǰλİŮУ϶Լʡ
Լ棬˯ھѷ崫С
ű飬ǰİŮϣȷǿ԰æתԴѪа
΢ϣǾΪѰɡ
̫ƼСӰ飬Ҳ⣬ϾǷޣλߡ
̣̫ʱǻŭҲ˴룬ʵټңħ˾ټһ˾ˣڶˣд£
ʱЩ¡
ԴˣԨи壬˳Χˣ̫ø̸һǹ֮£¹΢۾֮·
Ԩٳһʿͨһo鷸ƣʳ̫֮ҲЩ
δ뵽ҴܻѾһ
̫ʱ⡣
Ԩ˵ĸ󣬺Ҫͨ΢۾֮·δҪŹѣԴԲ۾ԲҪιٳҲҪѻծ
֮͢ϵĸæѹأʰ벻£ΨҵȴȻǻһƬҪ壬鷳С
̫ƲһۣԨʱ¶־𶯲ѡ
۾֮·˽ⲻ࣬Ҳ򵥡
ȻϹֻλӴ˵۾
̫¿Ȼ˵ټңĵлڰ֮ϣܹһУе㲻õģ֮£ҲܲˣֻΪ֮Ͼγ񣡡
ԣԨֹ֪һأɫһ࣬¹˵лĸ󣡡
̫ףڲСһСȥ
뿪̫֮ҲʼֱչС
Źټҿ˵ͷСǷﳲޣתҲζܹᴿƷ̫ԣһ¡

Ƽ̫ȥԨϣܹõ̫֧֣õһ
иĶԱиĵȫ¡
Ԩ֣ΪӦɫܹŽΧһеǰߵȫɵˡ
һϸ䣬һƷʡ

ϣͷӿԨָ΢ͥе΢۾λ
ʮΪ۳ɹ΢۸֮ʮѾ̶ˣֻҪһԽʮȫ룬΢۸ǲ
´˺󣬻»ָ׳
ǵʡŵãܻ̫Ҫ˵ĵط̫ˣǮٴҲеŲס
Ԩüģ΢۸üɢϹ⣬ͬһͳԪĲo
еϡ
΢۾ոѾӵ൱ɵܡ
΢۾϶ֹǽܣȻǵɾ
ҪﵽһȻҪĻۣ
Ԩʱͷ΢۾λɾ֮󣬽΢ͥ΢ͥθ΢ͥθںʱ൱ӵ˵ɾͣ
ֻ΢ͥںͥĻҵȴǸ⣬ֻǼ֤͵۾֮·Ĵ·мµ۾ȴ۾֤ʽ
Ԩͷۣ䲻ڣֻҪżȶķʽƶ΢ִͥҲ̫ӣвӿʱ
ʱڻȥҹֻأڵڶĻƳ֮ʱŹ񽫻ͣȻڹС
ҹӰȻȥ
ֻλoȥƬ֮󣬹һɢһʷӸгʷΪһͷӰͷﶦλɲǼͷҲйƬ̵ıã
ڿգǲȻŭ
УԨı仯ɫʱһȴס


290 
ԹǬΪ죬ΪأǬϣ£ԡ
Ǭߵ
Ǳʿ˵ʲô뷨
Ԩȫ⣬Щ֮˻ʲô뷨ǻ
ǾãĿǰ̫ǳ͢ˣӰǾˡ
ȫԶĻһġټҡ
ɴεĸơ
򵥵˵ǺڹӸôλټ
һ£
ԨǺһЦʱԪһ֣ת˲ΪƬǹ⣬һնѹסǬλǬϣڻʳϿվ˵
ֺͬ赣Ԩʱܹо΢۾λѹԪࡣ
ѹ˵ɣתתʮ۶˵ӳǿܡ
ԨУȷҲǬ赵һĻǬλöƾδʺĸԸĵãѹ˵
Ͳʷｻ֯ѹԪۡ
ʺδλ̫Ϊ̫ܴΪѹλȻҲܹṩ׻ЩͰ֮
Ԩʱת࣬ͷֶܸ֮Ǭԣԣ˵ӿΪ΢۾λɡ
ֲ΢۾λ֮ǰʧĵֻ˲Ϣ֮תһ
תٶȣҪԨƾһתʱ״̬
ˣԯű
ԨȻһһͭСֳ
ɽӶ
ɽӶ߶£һ㣬һһ˰ߴСԨת΢۸תС
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ɽӶڶܳױ⿪
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ԨĿ
ֻǰɽӶϿ̻ĵͼʱ仯תԨɶĵ۾ʱǽҪ󣬽ʷϤС
ţɲС
Ԩ˱仯üͷһְ̧סɽӶα仯
ڴλȨȻóȻ̲˴ιˣǿһҲһܹ΢ͥ˳ںϣо޴ɵķա
ɽӶɣɴ΢ͥҪںϴͥڶһϣ
Ԩͷ
ĿɽӶϡ
ĿǰΪ˻ͼֻɽӶĵڶ
ɽӶǻΪɽͼԨ²˱ԯʥЧɽͼ
Իɽͼ΢ͥ˳ںͥļʻһߣ
Ԩһ⣬˻ὫɽӶһϴ
Ԫ˳ɽӶ·ɽӶת࿴˻α任
˻ͼĸ֣¹˵ٶȸϲ¥΢۾λԭĽСĵת˲ָһ롣
ԭҪ²ָܻĵֻòʮ¾ȫָ
Ԩʱ˫ϲɫڣɽӶñҪöࡣ
ȻɴཫꡭԨĿһʱ¶˾ģɽӶһϹ˵Уֱӱ
Ϊ΢ͥڣɽӶУʱΪѹ֮ûЩ鸡΢ͥȹ̣Լٶ˵ʼš
̲صЩҲɽӶһɣΪõ¿ʼ
ʱԨڿŶǶôҪһ顣
⻹ֻһɽӶȹ΢ͥ
ɴͥڣаħ跨֣ҲԶҡתѹϣöࡣ
ǾŶڣ֪Ƕǿ
Ԩ޷
֮ǰɽӶãֱ顭ԨʱЩ̾ɽӶһɱ֮ǴСá
ʱͷɫʷչᣬӶ˵ԨңɽӶƲ˵Ŀơ
ԨֱԸ⣬ȫɽӶзɣ̫ʱɱ䣬ɽӶӵ
š
ӸУ̫ŻеСӣҫŨ棬в˵תӨӨԣüʱЩĴʹ֮УвʱСλΰܹģֻܱһ˿䱸
ֻͷ黯ʵڴԻѲһȦ󣬲Ż̫ڣô˷üӤԽüһɫӡ𵴣ƹд
ʱھʦʱڶǿʿȻҲܼá
һιټңһλ̫󣡡
ܸ٫žʦϿշӿ̲סĿ¶ȡ


291 
ףʵ٫
Ǵ۵İˡ
ɴѾԽʮκһֱ׷۷֮ʱ
Щ˼飬δʱİͼȻԶԶȲϴƣۼǿ󣬴νռ٣
ٺǿָ
ӵȫƥĹˣֻһֿܣǾǹټ̴ޱȣѹˣ
ʱһɫۣƵɫϣڲסȵˣһ˫ĿӨӨ⣬͸¶ĵޱȣԱߵĲ٫ȫ
޳һķĿʱԼҲԿͷ˱һȫͬٶȣˡ
ֱ仯Ȼ΢ĩ˲ϢΪ׽
ڲ׾ڽŸεı仯ʾʵ
ͷ˼̫ǣǿѹסһ㣬Ǭת
ʵϣټҵĵʯֻǷηɳλǬλϡ
٫ԣĿ˸˵̣ڵ۾֮·ɾܹͣһλ۾ǻǶ󹦵¡
ȻЦôֳһ㲻ˣ
Ҳδأ٫ɫƽȻݵŲ˵ټҵĵȻЩȣ۾֮·ޱȣвв⽵٣
ʱĿһλֳЦݱζ
˼𣿸һλ۾ĳɾֵͣҵðһԣ
˵ҲȲ٫ڣֳֵҲڴϾᣬиԵԵʱóŹټТһ۲̽һ
٫˰üͷ֪ⷬ仯Լλö˼
ȻΪԼԼ뷨٫Ҳû׸档

ʱڱŻʼҵڣһλԪۣͷϽڵĻˣҲͷʷ֮͵
һ֮࣬λЩ̡Ƶ˿ȥҲû̫ⲻƵĵ׳ء
Ŀɨʦһ𽥱γШӣʱĲûϱƻĲˣʣ¼ؽoҲز˶á
Ҫ˼죬ͻᱻħ˾ҵ
ڵĵħ˾ȻǲƵ˷ǵħ˾ĹټңȴòƵ衣
һλϵ۾֮·΢Ǿ
ʸƵԴ
ݲع⣬һݱ¶ǵһʱնɱԷȻҪΧŹĿԡ
ˣоͲаɣԺܻлһسӣ
Ƶûִ̫ӴԪ֪ǹڲϽӽľ޴⣬ƵѾ⣬Ҫһʱ䡣

ӸУʱʷ̫оиһתķᴿķϴѹȣɢһɾӨ⣬ͬΣ͸
̫ϵľϲĻСλһ㣬ܹԦλϣΪ¡
͸תţܹһ˵塣
֮ǰûеġ
һжС˴ġ

ͷϣС޽һȦ⣬Ϊƣͷ̫ĻУ̫ЩƬ̻˯
̫æС˱С˷Žŷ֮Ǭ֮ܣ˵ת̫С˵
ͷС˵׻
Чϵĺã׵ķܹ˵ͷС˳׳ɳôȻ
Сʱ̫֮ǰиܵһ˿仯Ŀųķ֮ǰֻǾһƳȻǸܵһɾ޴ѹơ
ѹƲǹټҿԣҲټҵǿơ
ӸУӸ¥֮߳ŵƻͨľ޴ʳǣǳķ
ȻΡĳ̫ʱ˼Ϥ֮Уһء
ټҵ˶ʵ
̫Ϊ㹻˽λʶڿֻȻ
һ˵ټҶԵȷĴ澴أǻһλԵһЩĻʵۣʵȫֱӶȨ
ټѾ꣬ҪֱӶȨλ̫ô죬ƾֱ֪Ķټȫʵô
̨ϣ̫ݱֱ䣬ͷӿֳһЩ뷨һЩ뷨Ҳ𽥳ʧͬʱͷĪɣ

УԨʱԪעΧı仯ھʦڶа񲻶ϱץ֮Ԩʱɵħ˾дá
һ죬ѲҪԶţֻҪżΪħ˾ָ·ɡ
Ԩڴϡ
ζ꣬ʢһ棬֮£ҲǱһʲƵӴԩЩԩдƴԹɣҲܻʧ
һУɽӶ֮ʱԨĽЩ⡣
Ҫںͥں֮ǰԨȻ跨Щ󻼣΢ͥںͥЩԹӿӴɳ޷صĴ
͢ƵȲȷ𼸸ֱĴѣǱĬĸı䣬ܻγɵڵԻ⣡
ϣԨʱѾ˳ļƻ
͢ļƣ߹ƶȣл˰գؼ沢ȵȶһȻҪ⣬ԨΪټҲ³⣬ᶯ
Ҫܳҳܴģڹס
ⲢѣΪɽܴĳӣѡ
ػڻнеϣԨüϹתһ˫۴̬ƽʱһ㶼żΪӣǻʱǡôΧǿڶûʱû٣ʱ乮Ļ̡
Ԩͷһ´߶һӴӴӳ΢ͥеɽӶڣɽӶתһ
УֻɽӶٴλΪһ˻ͼ΢ͥΪһ壬ڵ˿˿ƺͬ为ںӱʱ˻ͼתԭΪ˵˽΢ͥΪ΢ͥɣ֮Ҳһ΢ͥ˵
ĲθԴԴ˵Ȳֵһᡣ
ֱ仯ʼӰ쵽ͷĴԼܾĴιͥ
Ͼǹͥĸڡ
ȥܾһڤͥΧֵκڰڻɢڰѹƵͥԽ͡
𶯻ԭΧլڶεĹҲæƬͥ롣
ͥλɫǲ죬пƼͥѹıԴӰ磬ҳûе鶯
ɱ䣡
ȷɱ䡣
ΪԨתɽӶӵʱֶͷ׼ͷ
Ϊ۾ѹ񳯣֮ƥĹػ
ġ顷ʱҲУͷ̫ˣ
ط¸졣


292 »
ָĪһͷͷ
ҪǷء
һͷΪԻڣһֹ
΢һ㣬󣬵˳鷳֮ʱԭβֻһͷ˽ľϲ
ؼʱ̣Ϊһơ
ȻҪ˵ʱ򣬿Էֱٷųһͷͷ˽
ָ죬Ƿ켫֮ʱγɾ
ɷֿɺϡ
Ǹ룿
ڴĿǰƵԨǸϸĲдƷ
մƳĹ࣬ʮ֮һϡ
޷һӵ
ĴǹԻҲǴ
ӵѹйֺ֮ͨ˫
ԨӡУӦçͼطݻγɵһ취š
Ƶķųˡ顷ϵĴлǿͼƷš
Ƶͼ𡶳顷ϵĳҪǿ
Ʃࡣ
ࡣ
սڣ
ƩƵаࡣ
ܹ֮ڤڤ֮й࣬ЩĿԴ˵õ񴫳С
ЩϹŴʵǺϲЩçĹǵΪͼڡ
Ʃ֮Ϊ˻֧֣Ϊͼڡ
ȻҲųë
䣬磬޳ǿԽ˻ᣬУδȡ֮
ǵ۾һΪĵܴС
顷ΪҲ׵ũ֮һҲǽ˻׵ũĹע
ΪΪ΢۾൱΢۾·Ϊף
ϣԨʱ˫з⡣
оԼûκιë
ͼڸ϶Ҫ;
ҪëΪͼڡ
Ҫ׵ϵΪ࣬󺺳л¡
Ƚ鷳ˣ
ԨʱЩͷۡ
Ҳл£֤΢۾֮λδлµⲻأⲻͻΪ΢۾Ϊ֮Ϊ֡
ͼӦ΢۾֮·
ҪӲëûã󻹻ݽɫͻ
ֻܰעŵ΢۾ϣͼ΢Ϊ΢۾ΪƤĤ
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ɫ仯ӲͷƤ˳
˵ѹ鵴ħ˾ӹܣκ񶼲׳룡
˵仰𻪳оͷѹ󣬵òڣǴӵħ˾սĳ񣬳֮ǰǸӺŽǰһжǵħ˾裬ʧ˵ħ˾ΣԺǨɾˡ
Ϊǵƴɡ
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ڻƴȥԱ½λŵۣɮ۵ʿȻ𻪳֮⣬Щʿȥ֮ǰɫȣ˼
ȥҴҡ


298 ۾֮
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ǰﵥʱѾһɫޱȵĺڰ·
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Ԩӻ֣ﵥҾתתȥ
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Χһǹɢɼǧǹ鸡΢ǻΪһ΢ۣͷе۹ڣʥʥ۳ҪµĻʵΪһ塣
Ԩ΢۾΢۾ɱ䣬޳΢۾ǴȨ֮񳹵ԲǾʥ΢۾
ǲ֮ڣ֮

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۵һؾһƬޱ޼ʵ
ԭֻһССԴĳձ仯Ȼޱ޼ʣĮһɹޱȵ溮
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Թзغһֱ麣Ե
ʱ麣Χȴ嫺麣ؾ񱩣Ĺͷ£ԼһӵǿںͻȪеλۣԼλڴս
ΧƬ麣֪˭Ƭ麣ԴδϾ
һϵۣݹӣ紺ľǿ񣬴ʱЦزסƬ麣麣ջΪµĵ̣ΪصĿʼ


299 Ȫ
ƨ֮ҲҴԲѣ
ˣӵǿЦЦſڡ
乭ֻ˺գʺڹУʱԻ׻ȸֲֿޡ
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鹭ǿ۵ĹҲֵס
УɫĮһԣĿһĻɫ졣
˽⣬вϱʱڳ¹ĵλʵۣΪʮ־³ûų³ֻأǶȡ˳³еĹһ³һ
λ۳ʮѶԸ
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ĴʱֻһλͶ֮˴ӻҲסһλɼĹۡ
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ǵڶ칬Ի̩ɷ¹ĹԼִƵ칬Իչ
ԻʮɹɭȻת
ڤϿɲǼ両ֳֻޱȵצץȥͼƽģ乭Ļᡣ
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㻹ͨܣǸҵ麣Դ
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Ũī֭Ѫɷ˾ΧȻſ죬ʼѪɷ˾
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麣ȷֵһԽ١
ԨʱĵУʰλȪҲѣУԨҲûгֹֻ֣λȪ˲麣еĴս
԰ĳŵ
麣Ҳ棬ţҲĳؿıԴγɣδɳǰ;˵δԺѪᲢۡ
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ֲӰĥ

ƽսϣǻȪԱߣĻ۶ʱɫһ䡣
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շ·ǧȪûء


300 Ӧģ
麣ϣɫȻ䡣
ֻ𵴣ͷƽսγһ˾Ȼ
ɼâɢѡ
ֲǿᣬ޷ֵ
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΢Ǿ
ԱߵĻoȴ仯һιΪһͷ˾У
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Ǽϱ֣Ҳһܹɹ
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ԨƲһλȪɫЩݸ
֮ǰǲλȪƽϣһԳݣ֮䲢޳ԹֵȫִԷ
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ǽղɱԷܻӰ쵽
ԣ֮󣬲ڣ
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УԨƽǱӿȪϯǳŽѪһֵӵĿֲС
ֻУδй˿Ӱļ΢תһɾ춯صİΧ
΢۾ԪԻһױȵܡ
ԨûֱӶ΢۾ܡ
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һɫǻ׳ǻ֯
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Ȫ£΢ײʱƻȪ֮ɢ
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ǻȪɫһ䣬ԪȻǿ󣬵Իط緵ִͨҪջ¶ýɷȻɫһ䡣
˲侹ȫãԪķ·һɷ˼ľѹסʱһֻϬޱȵצ͸ƿš
ᡭ
ǻȪɫ𺳵ǰֳһֻɫצɫһγȻ
ͬΪϾɣྐྵô
ĹҲɫ䣬ŵһĻԼһͱشˣ
צһȪķѡ
ͬʱԨʱһݵȻ
ӦԸλȪ̫ɡ
ӦԯʥµϹŴ񣬶ԸһȪָѹ


301 չ¶
Ӧģ壬ӳ֣Ԩо̫ҵҲֻ֮ң
ָоԨʮȷ
Ԩù༶ģ壬вࡣ
ȻֻϾ壬Ƕ塣
Ȫ飬ԪӦצ˺ѣһȪԴɢ
ԨĿһĻüͷһ
ϾӵűɻҪǿıԴɱ
ЩԪoԪֻҪؼԪڣܹؼԪ¹
Ȫ޳ϾɵУֻǿ跨ҵɱԴĵط
׷ݱԴķţӦС
¹ս²ûϾӦС
ʥݻ꣬أ
ʱԨ˫ǰӡһ˫ֽӡ֣ҺŻȪɢһ˿ȪԴɲǼʧС
ƾӦķԨ֮⣬˳ӵһѰһȪ˳еӡڡ
ͨϾرԴĵطʮ
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ԨĿһת˲㰵̾Ǹѻ죡
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ԵħһƬһʮֲֿѹС
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ڸ֪ɿֲħƺԨɫ䡣
ħȻˣƾӦԨԻܱһȪ
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ף
״ͨӦ߶£ʱݿ࣬ɫһϢ׹˾
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ӣؿֲǾϾɵУᱻȾγ֮壬Ԫ
ԣһԺ䣬ԺһƬĳһڲͬİ
Ž׵ҶҶȴѪɫҷʱԺϿȻƿն
һ׹£ԺȻ׹Ϊƽأפ⴦լoҲڿ־У޲ɱɾ
ȻҲСԼСѪ
׻֮£ԭֻʣһƬɼС¶һޱȵľӨ׹ǡ
׹ӡ˸ȴתΪɫԼһλڣɫµľɫŮӳ֣תɫ⣬Ȼ٣ߺҲŻΪɻҡ
׺һ֮ԨӦٳ˳ӣⱻǿֲħƸϡ
׻ɱûУ
ԨĿƲһ˾ķ򣬴ʱͷ
ȻֻһԨоӦҵϾıԴ
նݳ
ǺǣλȪɻĳɡ
ǲ֪ȪǺˣûϸܽһȷϡ
ûг׻ɱҲûϵ
شʮ꣬ϰٲָܻ
Ȫٲ׳ǰ
Ȼǣ
ԨĿԱݾ޷һλϡ
λңľ
Ԩһӣ΢⸡֣һϹת˲۸ˡ
Щ۸ֱǴ
ɱ֮ǰĵȫָ»۳
ͬʱһ̤֮麣ؾ֮ڣڰλɫ仯УּϹסǱ۳ۣԼޱȵϷۡ
ϹϹȴѹס΢ԻĻѹֻϾ۵Ĺɽ
λټҾǿ󣿡
麣ϣͣƽģκȽԼޱİ㶼ɫ죬ƽĺκȽУסɫı仯
ǿƱ̫ھˡ
ҵԸ⳼
麣ϣʱĵѾɫ󺧣æʾԸⷵ
Ԩһۣޱȵϣҡͷǣ
һӣǧϻתʱ̩ɷ¹߷ǹ˾ԷƹϤԪֱĥ
ԴˣУ̣Ħ̣̹ͬĻȪһϦ֮ڸ߲ȫ𣬽ۣۣԼ
ò˵Ȫźܵù
ǻȪδ֣ԨδһóȻ֣չ¶ֶΡ
ų֣ͣԨɱӺĶ
Ч
ԨʱУֶնɱȪһйۣƽģκȽ䰲𣬶̬ȶ仯
Ȼչ¶ʵбҪ


302 Ϊ
Ԩ£Ծա
ӦģʹýһӦ飬Ƿ
ԨƲһۣӦ飬ôܷ
ʱѵûһö
Ӧ飬Ӧھۣ̺֮
üӦ飬Ӧϵϣ淴
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Ԩ鲻䣬Ŀ麣ؾΧ⴦麣ؾĴȣӿڤ֮
ޱߵڤ֮вϻ룬ⷽ麣Χ麣ڲϵС
£
ƽģ䰲ͬʱǰһΪȭ
κȽĿ˸վһԲɫ
ϰ˶ûгΪλټµ뷨
Ԩһ˫麣ĿɨӣʱתݣԽݣԨԽǾȣ
һݱΪһСǧףδӿ˵ûγһС˾λЩĴǧ磬˲ãⳤƽսһأ
һС˾ǿɾ̫ѵˡ
Ԩ֪ؼܵظ֮⣬ֻһݻȽĶС˾ǾǶ̩ɽ
̩ɽ֧ųһλ۾λ۾˽Ȩ͸ѹʮޣν
ֻǿϧ֮ǰ̩ɽѾ飡
ʸʱԨ۾ҲʧˣĶ̩ɽ飬»عܵظڵĶ̩ɽֻһտӣֻһ۾Ϊͥoʱƿء
ҪȻҪѳС
ԨⰵԱ䰲Ȼʵ
װ䣬ĻȪ֮⣬ûȪǷ֪˴Ĵڣ
ͷһλ΢Ǿɫɱ
ɱǳǡ
Ҳð衣
ЩȨϵĹˡ
Ӧ֪˴
װΪȷ
ԨֶʱһױȵİԵϡ
˵˵ҪǻȪΪ˲ϧԳ֣Ҳ÷ĸ֪˴Ĵڣ˴¶ԣһ׮鷳飡
ԣԨԵͷ
ȷˣ麣Ǳ޴κУἫڡ
Ԩ룬Ԩʵװɷ֪ǻȪʵݣ
Ԩ˳ŵĹħơ
ȪĳħȻЩϵϵûնɱԴ
λȪ͸¶ֶΣԼ³ֵļۣʾλȪݷͬһ㡣
಻֪
Ϊüͷ
ȪŶ麣ϢκȽ֪ͨġ
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ԱߵκȽʱЩͷۣ֪־鷳Уǿ˵ǻȪʮأ֪ݵʵڲֻ࣬ǴŻȪʮʱڵõһλ뢣оˣȪҲ洫еţ
洫ǳɹҳɹֹɾаɵ
ԨӡУ١
󲿷Źçһħݻġ
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ԨλκȽֻ»б
ԨƲһλ֤ͬĴغ˵κ뷨ڴθޣ
Ŀ⺬ӯӯЦ⣺κȽڴΣ޿뷷߽λպҪٲҴﻪ챦ӦоУ
κȽҲһλ֤ĹϹޡ
ϹսҶþԨ˰֮ģ
ԣκȽֱܾˣлº񰮣ֻκȽһɢˣϲңڣ
˾ܾ޵ĺ⣬ѵ±ڴ˴ԨȤλκȽͬʱͷԲ²⡣
κȽʱڵسҲǶĴ̫İܣͰ׵ɽӣɨƽعңعĹָ˶ʢ״̬ΪĴɨϣǰ׼
κȽˣа𣬲֪Ǵںδ
κȽ鲻عʺˣű²ΪκȽһˣ
ǿδأ֪˴麣Ҵν񳯵һ̣÷Ǵ֮˵أ
˵Ԩһ˿ɱ֣һɿֲΣʱٵκȽͷκȽͷ
κȽλӶɱ
麣ؾȷ쳣Ҫ
κȽݳ˵һκȽԷ±ԣ
ԲͬѰħĺģħĺʱ򲢲ɿֲԿͨϷ򷨱ܡ
ֻбԳģΥģĻϻطɣԪ
κȽ±ԡ
ԨĿ˸۵һ˿ɱʧЦˣ䰲Ǻѣ䰲
ʱɫƽҾл£
Ԩֶλ䰲߰ɣް²ⷽ麣ʱһ˵ػҴ񳯽ӳ벻ã
Ԩû¶Ҫ麣˼ðģκȽ㶼ɫһΪźͷĪ˿
κȽǾ졣
λӵȷǷ
ԨȷΪ麣ϣδͥ赵ʱԴ麣׳׳΢ͥ
ҪԼֻҪҸ˼ɡ
䰲Ǹѡ
麣Ϊһ
Ҫη񳯣ȱʲôȻ˲š
񳯳ѣԨҪѰҸǿߣ


303 ༶ģ
麣ؾھͨŶݼ׵Ԩԣѡ
麣ؾصĵΪڵ㣬Ԩһϵơ
ΧǬɽ֮麣ؾ麣ؾɳ
һ麣ؾ˳ɳΪض֮ĴڣҲᷴΧޱȺɽ
ֻʱһ
ԨִڰһԴðʱųƽʮսפڴ˵ء
Ǵƽġ
ƽԨаš
ôҲԹ󽫣ڳƽսȫ˷ѡ
䰲һλλãλԹȥ·

ʦһһա
ιԨǱĬӰ£ɱ䡣
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λ۷ֱǱ۳۳Ϸ۱ߣһλۣλĳĿԳƻ־
ץסλۣԨпһҪѯʳǻȪֻһѶ֮󣬲δλϵõʲôõϢǱۣϷ۴ǲ֪֪һЩܣȴбԪӡɢ
һͽ޹ԨԲʣµλۣλֱӶɽӶС
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УأԳ֣ʱΪͷ΢ɣֻжʱһӰ
ӰŤӰԴԴӶˣ黯ʵ
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Ԩ˲ɫޱȵӡһг𣬽΢ɣƬлΪһö΢⡣
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С
Ԩϴһ˿Цݣ֮⣬ۺ󣬻ɢŨĹɥޣлᦣȵа
ЩԼòϣ⣬ʵδ񳯱⡣
񳯷֮󣬱ȻҪȺԼµЩõóֵϳ֮

ڴۺԨʱԹģȡӦ顣
ֻϴŹ⻪ɫʱ֣һöӨ͸ɢŨ顣
öأԸ֣Ԩֻ΢࣬ʱٴδ
΢Ȼ壬ȴҲ֮ΣԨλ΢۾Ԫӵѹаħͷ
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ǽɱϣһЩһ΢ɱ࣬ҲȻ
Ԩ仯ɣԪһʱٻǽģ弫
ģӳԨʱоԪ˲;ʦյԪ覵ļؿԾؼ
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ȨһȫԷӳһһڶá
ʱĿöӦ飬Ԩоڴһεļ
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ٰסͷöӦĿԨһ߲⸡֣ӦȻûĽڡ
Ӧһ֮ڣһֱûһ뼫֫һЩѨڣѪǱصԶܡ
Ԩʱڳϣֻǳ˲䣬Ƭ̾ȼ״Ŀֲ棬Ҫڻգȴڳŵ΢ͥѹס
˵״̬£ԨͷҲܿƵһޱȵĽɫۣԼ߲⡣
ɻ£ͷǿʼ䣬һɫ۷׷׿ʼѣбգѵۣƬƬԨ䣬֮ƬƬҫâĻҽɫ䴦³Щϻһ⸽š
޼⣬Ҳƺ̫ʼתΪһϼ⣬תһƺΪ֮ʵ飬ֱ黯Ϊޡ
ƺǹʱֻһʱ䣬ԨⱩǣƬ̼նĿŹģ塣
ʱģȻΪ仯ӽ۲ʼһͷΪһͷҽɫֳۣɫ
༶ģ壬޼񣬼״̬ӵת޼ͨ츳


304 ʿ̽·
޼һ޶
޼ԨĿࡣ
ؼؽ𲢲࣬˳Ϊؽ١
༶ģӦŵ硣
Ԩʱڳĺţֱһޱȵ޼ת
֮䣬Ȩǯ˾еo
޼ִ޼ԼױԴɰˣν޼ǻ磬̫֮ǰ
Կ׵תޣ
߲ɱ޼ɨҫĹ⻪õж̥Ĥڡ

ȷǷ˼
Ԩп
༶ģ塣
ǰֱǴսԼ
ۼʵģпԴսΪǿ󣬵ۼǱ޼񷴶ǿ
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ɫģ壬ҪףѶȻһЩ
Щ༶ģÿһ༶ģ壬Ȩǿһ֡
ԨƽΪ޼ģ֮󣬱ʱȥ༶ģ״̬
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һһҪһǧС
ֵһǣսΪԴרģһҪСǰǵؿڣڴΣǶȻҪѹ¶һ

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Ԩע⵽ҲɵתΪת
䣬ม֣˰⻪תλĿȱϣһɽһ
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ǡʯʮָ߼еһ֣޼˳ּ硣
ԨӦ޳ȥһԪ۶ɵһ
ӦԨһ㶼û˷ѣ
ﾡá
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н֮Ԩʱӳ߳ԨûԼһֱ¡
Ҫףǿߡ
ʱξʦУ˲ʥеǿߡ
֮ǰǧǣһ뷷֮ȻҲһĵʥǿߣһɢޣʿ
Ԩ̫࣬һĵ˺ѡһԸΪγĵˡ
ֻԸĵ˲ࡣ
ĵˣҲмλԨ࿴Ĵڡ

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Ԩۻ𣬼ͷ˿˿Ц⣬ԷǳʲôĿģֻܾҪ𺦴档
УҲԿǰʱֲáǽħ˾ǧǣ͸¶۾֮ʥſӣЩͶֲöá
ȻǡЩ˺ס
ʱǲЬҪʿé®ֻǴ󺺳һ㣬ΪͳʳֻҪ֤ĵ̣ܿʹ֮ʿ


305 
ӣϼˣƵŵһΪ
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Щɢĸʥţ챦ù⣬ֻҪ㹻ĲŻΪҲ
Ԩ齨һ˾רְħ˾塣
ʦֳһǰδе̬֮

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˹СǾʦһʦ˴Ů
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С׷̰һЩˮѧ֮£ƵӣһһƬ֮ŵ
صµʱ֮ۡƲδãʱͷ棬뿪˾˳ǽһڡ
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һɫۣ£綬ѩ
ܳϣʲôϢ
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ǳͥȹ̣ҹټ־ĸѳ߳ЧҰҲȺ貣ǹڹټҵ̡
ˮڣʱλĿ峺㶼ǵȴƵġ
ƶ֮ǰŻᣬĽ˾鹬Χ쿴һȦ鹬ֻڵ۾֮·ϽǷƶֻҪȴδɾͲͣ
ԣˮλɫȣ۵׻Щ⶯
۲ˡ
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ôټΣ֮Ƿٵ۾λ
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λԣĿ⽻֮С
˺أܹ̽鵽زѾ൱ˡ
ʵأѾмְա
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306 Ұ
ˮУλشڵĵ˸
뾩ʦһС£ΪЩɶС
شɽλȫɵѽͥС
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˹ͷҲ޷ǰ·ֻڵ·Ͷעľжϡ

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ʦ仯ɵɣʦһʿҲܹԼؼ컯
ֱ仯ڶ˸е𶯡
ûκֱ۵ı仯ȴʱ𺳣˵ټ֤͵۾λϣܴˣ
Ӵ
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ϣԨԸоʦл۵ĻԽԽ࣬ʦַǷ
żڣԨĿƽһж֮С
ʵϣ񳯽׶ΣֻʺĿǰ׶εС
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ڣͨǽɾۣǱĴڡ
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ȻԨ΢۾λȻǽ֮ܵ˵ǿǿӣ޷Щǿ
ҪɾȻҪΪǿˣ


307 Ͷ
΢ͥδϣΪͨ
䣬ԨĿ΢ͥϣ䲻͸뾩ʦΧԼžʦΧݸ͸ȥ
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Եȵ³֮¶

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ϼҲԴ˿ļء
ΪǸᣬץסħ˾б͡

ʱڶ֮أһɽУһɫӰɽǱУйɭɭ
ɹӰһֱѣֻǴʱ״̬ЩԣƵħΪˡ
ԭ뿪֮󣬱һ·ƫԶĵطܣͬʱ跨Ůֱ˳ȥ
ҲҪŮһҪǰδһҪֱֿǰͬطЯһС֦Ѿ֮ززǰ֮صһЩɽУʱܿڶħѲ
Ŀϰ֮أ֮أʥŲ٣￿֮أɽ󴨣ؽУѰ롣


308 
״̬ҲܲԾ
һ·ǱУһ·ϵаɢŨŨħ
ԺƲ֪ԴԴϢԪðվһΪصѣʼøſɭ
跨תľеĶľ֮󣬵ʱҪطЩ׷ɱѵĶʥأ񸶳ۣ
ʱĳԹ
ȫȻûע⵽ͷ仯һɺƵ־Ԫѹ
ŤڵĹߴԹħԪΪ֣̽֫壬ֲġ
ô꣬ͬ壬˻дħѶ¯
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ʱδǵֲ־𵴣ڴ˷뼵޵Ľ浱С
Ѱ˸طȻһ׼Ѱ֮תΪľ֮塣
ֲӵһ˿ľѪ
ֵýľƬʱʼ棬Ŷľɱ䡣
𶫼ľѹأеĴȱԸȫľ˳ײޱȡ

ʦš
Եħ˾֮󣬴ơ
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һλĽСֹ֮̾࣬ǷвʦӿȺ֮ΪʳڣѾһЩض죡
Уλʦ㣬峺ͨ͸ȫ޷׽ӣǲ˼飡
Խǲ̽㶼ľ
ʳǱӦǺ쳾֮ΪŨĵطټزʺϵУһЩĵطУͨ±롣
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ԱߵĽŵУеĿһĻСֹ
ڣ֮ףڶප츣ҲǰǿţȻʸ
Աߣɢ޵ɬЩβסɫ
ֻڵһ˴Уֱ˾ʦϴĳ·
·ڻʳǣסҪôǳسҪôǿѫ
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ſڣõϢ٫ѾڴڵȺ
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Ǳӱֻס
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ȷϧȫ׷ľƬϡĺܣ
٫һЦ۵ײɫֻЩԥ
ȴǱ˵һ˫ĿȻ˵ʦδǰӭǷҲȥ·
٫üͷһ壬һЦҪָȴλ˵̾ԲʦȷǸᣬټ׽ǽľ־ڱصã˴βʦܹ׽´һݹټҶܾ˵Ĵ񡭡
˵񣬱˵Ȼƽ٫ȴƤһ
ӼղԣæǰУ˵ˣʦֶʦֶϻΣɲΪɣҪҲõɴ֮󣡡
˵ò٫·Ųܼȥ
٫ֻðݣֻǿһλ˵ˣⲨ֪Щʲô


԰ڣԨѵ÷ʱ߸һŮԼλ¹԰޼ܣֲҩ˲Ϣ䣬ȴǸоʦϿյ΢һ󲨶


309 
ԨĿΪʶתſʼݡ
ڰ׶תָУѭһ΢ޱȵĸӦ˲Ŀ⴩͸գλ׿ԽŮܸľ
ͬʱһλĸȳƣȵʱ˶ԷϣһƱһס
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һֻͨ׵ѩﻯâ˳һţѩ߽Ȼ裬ԼԼ
ԭǱ񣡡
԰ڣԨĵװһЦ
ƳһԱߣǼζŮԱߣҩΪҩ
ŮķΪ֣ߵķľ
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ڵ̺ķϵķҪǿܶ࣬Ⲣ֣겢δУλзͬһ㡣
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ң¹󣬼Ҫε̣Ǿ͹Ŀòڣ
⻰ǲ˵ӺͲ٫á

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͵һɫԨЦݴӲ̤룬ĺС̫࣬Ϊ顣
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ְ֮ջأ
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֮ƶǣˮȻǴΪᶨ֧ߣ
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ʵҲˮӲʺϼΪĻߡ
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ܼҡ
Щ⣬ڵ٫̸ۣѯŲ٫йھʦһб仯
Ͼܼҽ˴ͷβĿ˾ʦӹټҵǻ֮ı仯
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˵ţԥһ۱˵ˡ
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310 Ϸˣľ
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ĿأԱ߲٫Ҳûпڡ
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ļһЩķԼͨ
ΪɣӺλʱʼڲܼҲ̳д׭Ŭһ׼
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ԨԺйڤĴУйصļ䲢࣬Կ϶Ǹǿ塣
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ӺͲ٫һɳȥʱɫһ䡣
βǳлôټҷѡľ֮·


311 Ⱥ֮
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Ҳӳ˹æһλλˣϸ鿴ƣ֮ڵһʱǽϢڡ

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ԣֱߵһλĻ۵Ȼ˫Ƴһ޳ã˵ƽʦֶԲλ챦һ鶫ľƬԣûôҪһ֮Ҳ޷
δľ֮·ⶫľƬҲֻһһЩ˹ټңӰ棡
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312 ·
ܲģҵȻȥ˹ټңϣǰΨ׼̵
ͷǿoڴĵŭȡ
ںᴨɽУתĺɢİ޹Σ˫жŨʵʡ
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ʮ֮仹˶ľƬһ˿ԶŽľܡ
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룬ѡʱ࣬ĿһСŵӣǳһλʮӢꡣ
һɢһĪĪɽͱԡ
ţӢһʾѰȻɫһܵ仯ʶҪ߶ʾת˲һʱ￪⣬۵ЩɲƬ̻Ͳסͷ棬ѭǱҫĵطȥ
磬Ƭһɽͱǰ
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ħžħǿħԪ
žҫʱӢϣӢüһŤޱȵĺȻһŭƹ̴

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鲻ܿƣԼԼΧͬţޣŭɱ
𽥱Ѫ
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ָǰ仯ʱǰֳһ޴΢̣΢仯Ǳؿ˳һ㱡
ԨʱһĻв֣һֻ޴ƴץᴨɽķǾһo㣬֡

Ԩһ䣬΢ʱ֣һĨ⾶ֱ͸˳ӵêն


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ݣ
ȷ紵УһϸܶճϣﵥɫȻҵæתдһ⼤һɱϸܶ
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ĩ޵鲻䣬̶ֳȵĵ⻹вֻ΢鷳һЩˣת˲ɫһֻͷƺһޱȵϽɫƿնֻ˲Ϣ䣬ֱͷ
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⣬Ŀɨһ·һֵoͬ
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314 Ȩ΢
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ԪֻΪʱԪΧʱֳһټޱߵĺͥϹ⻯ԪԴʱ֮


316 ľˣľ
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ΧתǧǹϹһŵıʺơ
һ΢ǾĹЩͨ
ĩ޵ͷ𶯣˵ͨ졣
Ȼĩ޵Խǻ䣬ȼյĲ΢ԽŨԴԴ΢ǹⱻǿ΢֮ͥܣӤԪ΢ͥǧǹ
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Ͽǧ
ŭ֮
ΧȺɽУвǿ֪˲ı仯һͷͷתʧԶƬŨĵ
֪ĩ޵˵ĴڣλǿޱȣҾǷ飬òҪɱ֮


Ǿ޴ʯΧ棬滺ڻʯ
һʯΧϤȾ˿ֲɫЩѪܣѪס
ɺޣ
ĩ޵˴ʱٴαپССӤɿݣήԴȼͷ˫Ǻ⡣
ʯ̥غһ̥Լ̵ʱ¹һӵoıʣӵб֮ǰǿĸ
ȫˡ
ĪֲͨС
һǰ΢Ǿ͡
¡û꣡
ĩ޵Ŀ⣬Ƭʯ̥Ȼը
ԺУΪƬ棡
ĩ޵ǿ۳Ԫٴ䣬һƱԪҲ֮Ĩ
һƱԪ˲䡣
ڲǧ֮⣬һɽڣԪ񼤻ٴγ֡
һΡ
ɽһգ
ľۺر
ѾԪʶһͷɫ̫ľţ޵׶Ƭͷĥ̴ССţ˫
һδọ̈̄
ǣľɽԴĩ޵ˣ
أԳ֣γ֪֮ʱԪһĨɫ֣֮ʣǸ΢Ǿ
ǧǹٴγ֣ʱĩ޵˾ޱȵ̥Ĩɱɾ

ǵ΢ͥڻܡ
ֻľ
ǧ֮⣬һĵصһöڵϣĩ޵˵Ԫٴθ֡
öڱԴȻ֮ǰʯ̥Լ̡
ֻһͷϹѪ̫Ы
̫𶯣ĩ޵Ԫһֱ֮ǰҪٶؾۡ
ڵصѷ
У仯ΪһͷͨƣβɫĹŹЫӣЫǸջһЩͬо綾Դ
һƾ綾Դĥһ벻ֹ
ļ俪ʼգֻǵԺ֮ʱһĪɱʱ¿ʼա
ڽɵԪܣʼòٻظ䣬ӡ䡣
һֺǿ̫ЫϹ޵ֱֱǿʯ̥Լ̵ֱ
Ѫֱӣ̫ЫѪ쳣ֲޣ
ĩ޵˿ʼ΢ǾţԺгļʱǿֲٴν١
΢ͥһϹʱ䶾ЫԪ

ĩ޵۵Ũİɫ
ӦѪıܣӡ䣬Ǹֲ֡
ɱܹ١
ȷĩ޵Ψһһ
ԪθգֻÿһθԶ̫ЫÿǿֲһĻ΢ͥƹ֮Ԫ
ĩ޵һ˿Ԫѡȼվ綾ԴصظⲢûбܹ΢ͥͨŶֻأгһǻ֮ʱļ䣬ⲻ֮֡

ԨʱѾؾʦ
ڻ⣬ʮɲǺ󣬶ʱھżϡ
ڸ¥ϣԨƾһ˿ԪӦ֪ĩ޵һԪ¶΢ͥΰ£Ϊޣ
ĩ޵˱Դϱĥи𣬱ȵԪ䣬ܵظ
֮ԨջĿ⡣
Ǳĩ޵ˡ
Ȼɱ¾oӦýӣó
ֶΣ̫ˣ
Ԩ۾ʦΪһ񳯣ھʦνǼªޱȡ
̾̾ԨΪ֦ڣ㿪ʼ
Ԩʱ䣬ĥԪ飬۳ħͷľֲھʦһˮڡ
һգڶʿɼʦϿ
һɫ𣬺
ƮƮݼʳǡ
Ԫؼǹ⣬Ϊ컯ൽһΡϣΡͨ䣬ɡ
ѹžʦΧžʦԼͷԪֻƬθߴɣ
ⲻתʦƻΪ۾֮أ˲
ˣİգǴ컯没嶼ת
콵𣬹ټӣ꣡
һȣڶյ쳹ʦ
꣡
Щնסھʦ٣õ͢շʱ׽٣ʱɽꡣ
һλλ񣬵𶯶ȣ


317 ǿʵ
ԨƼĻɽХһ֮
ȻԨȴΪΡ
Ƕ䣡
Ϊ΢Ǿ֮ʱѾ¼񼮣ע΢۾λ֮Ԫƾá
ף꣬ʲô
ټң⡭
λ̫һĵУо̫ԪԼλ̫һϵ
Ƽټɫ㶼
ˣ֪
ԨΣڰ֣Ŀǰϡ
ҪҪٸ飬ȻѾᣬһЩ
۾ϸֳԨͷԪȨָ
ֻһɺסͷ
ΧʱӿƣΧƵĳףҲɲɫ

еת۱Ǵ١
ףľ£
λۡƼǰټҹɫ𶯡
ټתĻֺľȨ۵ǰľϣľ⹲
ʦҰľڣ
ʢĲʵ
ǻǵһοټ¶·
֮ǰ̫Ҳѯʹټһֱظûȷ
¶ģҪľ֮·
ֻľ֮·ʹλѽֻľûлľ෴»ľżĿơ
ϴţ·һҲǾ޴ĳλɫϲһϲھϴų·ԶŨľתԭܴĲʱоڱúת
ľףȷȨ
٫͹ȴעͷĲԼΧľݻߵס
ľµ۾
Ӵʱվڲܼƽ¥ϣҲԶ껹ڻľ޴ĿżɨͷƣĿȴÿɷ
üΧȻѪۣδȬѾȹ̡
ܹټұ¶ģйľ֮·ԽԽ࣬ʼձֹ̬ȡ
ͷбɲļ
ԨĿһĻ۵һ˿Ź֣
ò˵αװľ֮·ֻһʱͷû뵽ľƬĳ֣Էʵ
Ԩǰ
ڱ޳Ԫ֮󣬶ʱĴľѪԪȾҲʼԻ
ԴѹʦнӴˣϹϵĽľ֮
£ԨʱøŨ˷ףǣƬƬɫۣͬľ
̺
ȻǺ£Ϊ񳯣δܽһѽľָܣԨԾϲ
Ԩ̫һǿפڴˣ̫ҽԺΧҩԡ
ֲԴܾۼķ컯̳һЩ滨ݡ
Դĳ֣ȻҪŻá
ų֣ǴЩ棬ڶoþŵ̲˾Ҳڻ
źԨǿʼħ
ֻħڻԣԨҲмⶨʱը΢棬Ĩɱ
Ȼħ𣬹ңƭԨȻѲµħͷһʮа˾ĸС͵ؿУԵɺŽľƬ
ھų֮ڶ֮ƺĵħ˾ȺҲ½أ˾ְڶܴo½ؾʦЩoĩ޵˵ľ綾شֲֻֿԨԳ֣ܾΡ
Щܴo񣬿ﵥ
Уħ˾λҲٹ˲ʡ
oࡣ
Ԩʩչԡշһһǰ۹͡
ѣٻһرܲ͡
Ԩֱλ䵽һֿȱĳλϣﵥԼһǸز⡣
շؼ࣬ЩշΪħԼҰռݣô͸Щoν
أǴͣ⽮˼λԨʹ
һ·Ԩɱ˲ǿʿһЩ
Ȼĩ޵жصȻﵥ֮⣬Ԩﵥһɽ칬
֮ǰնɱȪԼλϿɵ˲ٺöǱ۳еİٹҹͼ
һرԨ֮͸ﵥ
λϼҵ࣬Ըõѹڤ
Ҳǲȫסĩ޵ˣʧһ֮

˴γoƴһԨǽ΢ؾʳ˾ʳʹ
ؾصħʮʺϱʿУؾصзţñʿгض࣬ʮ
⽫ӻʳ˾
Ԩϣʳ˾ܹΪ뵴ħ˾еĳ͢Ϊ͢ѹħ

ڷѾ˼ʳ˾ʵʱԨ׼ټ̫һĵˣܷ񿪰һһ޶ѧԺ
ȻҪ񳯵۾֮·񳬰ΣȻҪ㹻ƾʥضͶĵȻɴԼĵˣܱ֤͢˲ŴԴԴϣ
ֿѧԺľٶɲȵ۵ĳ
⼸ǿٵһı仯
Ӱ̫󣬱̫࣬ԨҲֻǵһ뷨
Ԩȫ֮ʱʱһϵ⡣
һλ뿪֮غ󣬱˴˴ʦ


318 ɽ

ͳУһλϵͳĵ
ھ
¹ϵ󲿷ֶὫھ̺Ũ쾫̫ࡣ
һ޵ϣд档
ʵܹµĵط
Щط̫ڿ񱩣㡣
ھµͳ񣬽ԷѰɵ
ףͳһλԶŴɽ鹫ʧĶ۾֮ӡ
ڣλ鹫߾ųߣݿѵ꣬ͷڣŵףȻһص˵Ĵ硣
УŵǲЬֻϣһתգ֮ڤ̫֮ƻӦһֺֻ귨ࡣ
ʱλһһʮկ֮£渵󲻽ʵ
ʦ֪˵Σ˵
̫׶ˡ
̫Ŷ뵱һŲС
꣬ΪжŹ֮£ʺ󽻶
Ŀ˹ټɱĩ޵֮£һʱ˱Ѱ˵Ĵˡ
ֻǵʿߵ۾֮·֤͵۾֮λǰȷǲôǿᣡ
ǱƽƲһǰĵˡ
۵ҲЩ죬ʱһֱڹעطڶƬĹעˣû뵽̶̲䣬ͷ춯صı仯
Ƭ쳾ŨޱȵĵȻһλٴ֮·ĵ۾
ڱ鹫ļУһϵ۾֮·ĻǸ
һӡ̵Ĵصλ
ἰλ˶ʱ˼ء
һЩǿеһ֮󣬲ἰ䣬ȻҲ۾עĿ
ȽἰйڵټҵѶϢ鹫ֵoвͬһ΢Ǿ
ؼʮλǾΪǾ
ǵλԶѰǾ֮ϡ
̫̫΢Ǿ
鹫˫У΢˼֮ɫ
ʦҵǷҪһϾλ΢Ǿɳ֮죬˵ʲôܡ
Ƚ۵˸žâ
ϣ鹫ĿɨһȽˣΪüͷݻЩϲסͷĲ죬鲻䡣
ȽΪеԵĵӣϾɲ࣬ٱͬٵĶࡣ
鹫˵ӵһģκ;ʿһЩԼĻԵδ֮ǰ˳ˮıһ΢ǾΣ
У鹫ĿЩ
Ƚһ䣬ͷһݣ֪λʦѾ˼
ʦС
ССͯ˼֮أʵˣ鹫ݲ죬ҡҡͷ˵ǲ׳֣۾֮·漰̫㣬̫࣬Ӱ챾УұĿǰҪǻøĶ۾֮λжڶű񣬵ȴű񷸴֪
˵һɺѹȽϣȽ˶ͷҺ
鹫ȷ֣΢ǾѾɳ˵꾩ԯʥػ
Ƚҧҧֵʦ̫׶֮ǰڻҸվУߴ·
鹫ڰ֣˵ǲС¶ѣ̫׶첻˽뾩ʦһЩٶ̫׶Ǳ񣬲ɮ濴棬΢ǾΪģ
Ƚ˻ԣ鹫ӶһӶʱȽƳ
ĿȽԶȥ鹫ɫߣ
ᣬѹ̫׶콭£
̫׶֮ʱ̫ҲʥһʱȻôֻȽһλɳ֣Ƚ˹Ƶԭ
ñ鹫ӡ
Ҳ٣мгϢģҪԳ֣̫ڡ
鹫ʱУʱڣȺɽһɽӰڿա
Ϊĵɽ
ɽ®ɽ㵴ɽ
ɽԴڣɽؼһЩɽƾ˱ԴȨڶɽ֮ΪͳȺɽҲΪ
ǱԴҲȺɽ֮ס
ȻԽӴ۾֮λ
ڶ۾ʧ֮󣬱ûض۾ȨŪ۾ʧࡣ
ܵĳĶࡣ
ǵؿ翪ʼѣЩؿ粻ٻԵɺϣһЩɽ˻ᣬؾ۱ԴȨԣĴ
˽һλιټң
ɫ˼֮ɫǷ񳯣һλ۾ƱҲӰ쵽۾λĴС

νڣӿ
ᴨһսأĩ޵֮ڶපʥصĻ˰𶯡
ĩ޵˲ѰˣϾɣȴڵټУ
ֳĦսӳĩ޵ֻƬ֮ڣͱ΢Ǿѹ
ѹһλϾˣټҲûиκδۡ
˲𶯣
֮Ӧ͢µʿo磬ĵħ˾ʳ˾㶯ࡣ
ԽԽҰoʼԾ뾩ʦͶ뵽ȻϣΪשߣһʮ죬ԼรŵĻʿҲƵƵ뾩ʦʼҽӴ֮ͥ
ټ΢ǾֳʵѾʥŽܵˮ׼֮ϡ
ڶʥǿߵУνΪ񳯵ļʺֵܴڶʥſʼעʱ
һʱ侩ʦ֮ص仯Խԡ
ϣԨ̫İ£𽥵õ˳Ұڶֺ֧󣬱㿪ʼĿΧļھϣ
ζʧôĽȻҪһһҪٸ׺ʢ


319 ⽻
ʦ

ʱؼҹɫȴƻͨһ֧ͭŵľ޴Ϊ硣
Ԩαͦͷͨڣۡ
ԨŸоңǸ顣
һһˣˣҲغ
æݣ²ֻҪܣǧͷУҳһ
ʩƴգԨڳҰ⣬ʻ
һ㣬ԽصĹܹ֮п
ڴϣλС¹Ա߶أֻȹټһԸǰá
ϸȥϻһЩǳĵзۼ
ǶǳڻʹӢŶ˵¡
Ԩԭѹħ֮󣬱跨ħͳħĸУϧʧˡ
Ȼ˻ķţȷʺϹЩ¹С
Щ¹ҲǹڼҪһ
κͬλ¹Ϊɡģ޻¹ٸͻ¹ĴСС⣬ʹĻ¹ƶйء
εĻ¹ٲûбͨǸ¹ٲΪ٣Щ¹һڹ͢취ǮȨ
λ¹ǲͬģֻҪΪ٣һط⽮
ȻڹʱиָɭϹԼ
Խڹڻ¹ٶôȥΪ٣ͷأ
ڸһϣλ¹ǷɵıȽ٣֪ޡ
ޣûԤ¡
¹С̫࣬һ˳ӣһܵº
Ϊ顣
ڴϣһλοıʿʱλʿԨ㱨ź֯Ķ̬
ԹټҵǻԺ󣬺֯øóֶΣ϶Ĺ͸ѳЧ
㱨֯͸ʮ˳ĹΪ̶֯ӽܵСĻӭ
ô˻ᣬ֯ܿһֲ߲㽨ȹ̵ϵ̽ĹڶĻϢ
ԭԴαʧһʱ֮Ѿα۰óʱ̫磬֮αٴγڹڡ
һα۳ֺȨ¹ҿʼԾɫ
Ĺ¹һҶ
õҰʺ󣬺͹ҰҰ٣Լ֧֣ǿ׳Ȼһֲ䲢δʱ֮ڻһڶ
ɨƽЩ䣬ֻʱϵ⡣
ֻɨƽңĹĵУϾͻȡα֮أıš
Ԩһۣһ㱨
ĹڸӵǰճȻĹһţǧٿס
ĻʵԪ껾УҲǸ
Ĺڵα۲¹Ƴһٻʵ۰ˣһƣڶķĹ·ֱ
ҾԨ֪¹ɲһ顣
¹Ұ䣬ҲΡ
һɽݶ
ȥ֮󣬼̽Ҫ޿Ըķ㣬гһĸ޲Ĺͣӣڴδɣ
ԨĿȥϣķԸ֮¡
΢л£ԸΪȷ棬Ϊ¸Ϳأ
˫˸Ũ⡣
Ϊ֮֮͢־ڷ⣡
ϣֻԨЦͿؾͲˣ̽鱨֮쳣һЩʿ㻹Ǻ֮Ϊް£ԺҲ֪ʳ˾Լ˾һʿ㣬ã֮
ԣһ񣬰ͷĳ˳Ⱥʳ˾˾ǿߵһͬٴǰ֮ء
뿪Ԩһִ⣬ʡʡ
ٻ·Ͻ뾩ݣ
ϽǲǲƱϽִһ·͡λò͡
һ·
ԱС̫ܵºΪһ㶣һ۹ټңæͷԥƬ̻Ȼ˵
ټңǷ񿴴ˣĿǰֻǻ·ݸͨУ
С̫Щ
Աߵ˳ΪһѺڹټʺ񣬿δֻǰڰ֣أЦ
ѾǷͨм滷·Ͻ
ԨĿ⺬ЦиģкľλδּҾ档
λȻ⻷ûǵҫۣҲһż۵Ľǡ
⣬δּҾ⿪ʼġ
УĹһּҾѹ̧ͷּҾнǱǳ͢ܣںкȣĹܱܲδ֪
ܵºĨŶͷϵ亹ȥּ
ʡڶʱ֮ӦȻҲƲسȻΪ棬һλͨô˹ټ֮ۡ
ֻǵһλͨлؾʲô¡
ϣگؾְ֮ԨԺٴγλسӰٴΰ䲼گڶʱ֮ڵʮλԱǩȥ
ƵҰĹԱǨ仹һַ⽮Ȼ˶سע⣡
ʡڴĦټʥ⣬ǷǩȥʱЩʱ򣬹бָٶִݣִͬ¡

ʦУŹټҵһϵжҰһЩĹԱѾᵽĳִ¼
鶡
һۣﶡνʳ֪ζ
ټҵʲô
ķ򣬶νûᵽֻöν԰ȵǣλʱûнӴ𲻹
ү㵽ڵʲô
̫ʦϣһλʮٸŶɫ֯Ƶ͸¶Ŷׯϡ
λƼҴӲǶνԭ䣬Ȣ
λӳͣԶϵŮǶνð̧˾Ȣؼҵ޴ӡ
öν谮кլ
ʲôһԣҷһҲ
ΪƽĿƲŶν˵үҲ̫ģԶϢһιټҵ֮ķ⽮Ϊվϴ
һֱ֪νĲλүһֱڵģǰʱ̫֮ʱһЩıټ㣬ŴΰûܴνĲ
ԣνĿ⿴һڵϣͷΪһɡ
ϵĻŵġ
ԪϢͨԼҴӻһʱ䡣
μҵĸʲôˣλ̫̫̫߷̵ˣߵڿ죬õϢмٵġ
ν΢ɣǶżӣ˵ٵûеĹټһϷΣٶԳ͢¿ɼҼ볯ΪټҷǣžıϷЩӬӪ

濴һ۶νƬ̵ͷЦ͹Ҽү
ˣν˳£Ա߲˵̵Щլˣƽʱ£ϲҲ²⣬¶ȳСϵ̨棬ɢʱ䲻Ů¡
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кĳƺЩŮΪ฾ȴ˶䡣
֪νӣ۵һ˿Ź֣л˵һλִҵС˵𣬹ټҴ˴δģȺд
νüͷһʲô
ϻ֣ԱߵŮʹ˵йأ

ν˫һ·ͷһףٽ볯͢ĶϵʱоͷһԭеȻɢǰȻʡ
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νһĴȣɫϲ
ȻټҲԼҰģƵҰΪ˴ٳɾ֮¡
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ǰЩαȵۿջĺܣֻЩΪǣƣһֱûڳʰģټұȵԸ˵þҪɨƽҡ
˵ǱٵĸǣϢֵǣ
ͷϲνҲɫĿҫϣԱͳ谮ϸǷͷϡ
Ųڻ߶任
׼˹ټ磬ԣһ޴Ļ͵ǰ
ǽ붫ΪִΪؼһ
ߥȺֹټңǰʥ⣬ٳɾ֮£ټԸ
ѡ񣬶νʶѡ˺ߣڹټҿɲոռλ֮ʱ
ڵĹټѾٳ˹ټңûкùӳԡ
ֻǴ£ĵ׵׻Щûף̾
ֻϧλѲڣλæһ½һЩ
νƵˡ
ԣĿΪһ
үĺָλ
νɫһ漴ʶԼ˷֮£˵©ˣ֧֧ᣬ㽫·ܹȥ
Ҳû⣬δ׷ʡ

գν뿪ʳ֮ʱν֪ҲǰѵĹ򣬰ｫҵϢݳȥ
ڣʱһƫڣϵҵС֮£޾ϸһһ֪
ԣλŮɫһЦ˺ܿ´Ըǲ֪˿λʲôˣ
ԣҲѽҲǵһ̸λѣ仹ΪƳ磡
Ůʱ˵ˣҲҪ׷ʣĴ˹գĿǰǲҪ¶Լݣ
׵ǣ
һΧȻ뿪䡣
ʵ֮ǰǺ֯޵İӡ
ĳһλʡ׵ʱΪɽˣΪ֯ȣиں֯ǿҲΪҰģ֯ΪԱ
޸νǻԵɺϣ˴ȴӳ֮á

ЩʱԨڹյϢôϢԨһЦɶνڳаæֳ֯󣬵Ҳȥȥ˵󳼡
Ҳỵʻ֮
սҪǴ󳼣λʴȿĻʵ޹
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320 ̰Ǿ
ԨټСͿĵطǳ
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Ԩֻھʦһں֯ıԺټˡ
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ԨĿ̰Ǿαα۱̰׺ݣɫ֮ʱˤӣõ򵥡
Ԩʩչӡӡƾ̰ǾǾֻѾռ䣬ָҡ
ոռ棬Ԩʢһ뼦
СġʯѾгɣ޺οûй޵һģ
СʱȷЩ仯ԭʿеɷˡʯ󣬿ʼ豹档
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Сһ˫ǰʦ𾴡
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ԨĿĿڿϣÿͷһȻǳ֮ģͷ񣬵ǰټҾ̫ظŽ˵ǿҲ޷ֱټ⣬Ƕ⡣
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ԨƽֶȻ˵ϵɽ͹ǲأֻҪްһ飡
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321 ;
΢תƬû뾩ʦصͨһؽڣ΢ͥǶʳ⡣
缸ϴǸɡ
ܿ죡
ʵϣҲֻǳɣֻûʳǿһͥıʡ
ҪγɭϵķȣδΪʳǸڣҪõļ
ȻԨ©ٳľʦ˺oȴ˵ɭܡ
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ܻǳϣҪУͻȻ÷ѡ
鷸ƣСֻ³ң
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һھʦ˾oо˾ڷ𶯣Ʊԭأת˲ٴأ䵽Ǹϣײ
Уͨǵ仯ڶʱ֮ڴѶo֮ԽǱУǵѹ˾ɣ֣ܳʮֺá
ʥ޽
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ܵļأھʦһЩС͸ˣ
ڶʥŵĻ˾㶼Щп񳯵ĵԻŶԣ֪ڱףǱ״
ԼǣΪеȨ׼ٵˣoʼ
ѾΣ˴󴬣ҴԽȹ̣ǶԣôԽ

ż΢ͥ͸ʦԨҲ𽥸оһϸ΢仯䲢޶ϲɫ
ĿǰƿأֻǴª򵥵ģһǿ񣬻ڼʱ֮ڣѰҵһЩ©
Ԩע⵽ȹ̺󣬴нԪӴ΢۾ڸŽ
ʱ΢۾ھżڣͬ񾩣ԼǬڣִ±仯С
ͷһѾ޳ɵ̥δͨתһڤõ֣ڰ׷ϸа˰ת˶ɽ𢡣
һźƵԵͼɳ
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һԪػΨʣ¶λϱȱݡ
һöʵŵų۳
һԨ۵˪
ǶλϣɽɽͨԨ֮·ѡ˪ѹλ
˼֮󣬶뷨
ת༶ģ壬ǿĵнݣҲΪʺϽʰԵһ
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תһɷͬһıԴС
ɳɾ֮γɵĵһԴһȫµıԴ
ʱԴرԴ
Ԩͷ
֮ΪرԴ̫ڿ㣣ʵߵĵ·ͬ΢۾ǸΪĵ۾֮·
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쵱ֵ۾֮·־ȡ֮Ҳһ־޴󹦹
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ʷˣλ˵ؼ֮޷ƥУҲǲǵľǿߡ
ȻԨھ־磬Ȼ̫Զ
Ԩı仯а˸λʽ̤ɵڰתɵھתԣѲҪı
ֻȰ˴ǰͼУ㽫˳̤ɵھת
ΨһѶȵߵϾŻ
΢۾λڶ༶ģ壬ԨҲ˵һٷ֮٣ȫ޴©̤Ͼɵλá
Ͼ磬Ǻųסɣ󲿷ûϣٽһ
̤ϾҲȷ˵;޷ڣǲ;ֻнֻأϴһ;
żڣǽϣԨƽ
ĵ·ʱʵѲҪйĳɣǾǼ֮·
֮·ĺ˻ģɾΰҵ輯֮ɾϸ
ҲʱԴ
Կ϶ֳɾһȵһ΢۾ҪǿĶ࣡
ᶨĺԨʱЩ仯ǲڰʵ̫ţʱø峺ǰǿıҲΪԵͼȡΪڰ׷һС
Ҫȡڴŵ۾΢ȨֻĿǰΪ޷ӵǰΰ
ĳ֣ʱԨѾɵ̥ٴɱ䣬΢۾΢仯øӺ棬һǬĺ˻ģء
ڶͨΪûΪһ˿ʱԴʱԴϴ³Ϊµķӡ
ûԨ蹬΢ͥ΢ͥлΪһŵ̥
飡
̥һһ΢ͥԨ·˾𶯵
Ǭ𶯣
ؼԪ΢յ֮ؼĴϡ
θڴĳ棬˺ԪУҲֻ⻺
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˲һ·
ԨĿһĻϲԨܹԪǿԼֶζű仯
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ǵУͨ磬ѹԵģ
©ȱͨģ޵תҲҵż


322 컯
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Щдˣ
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ľԴ̺ĽľϢڴţľֵѾʼ
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323 ¹
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Ԩʱ䣬󲿷ֶͶ뵽ת컯С
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ͬʱһӣһ¹С
Ԫ껣ҲѾҵ֮ô飬ǵĳŵ


324 ɨĻ
λŮһֱʧڽ䱸ɭϵ湬
¹鲻䣬ֻĿһĻͷԼһ˿⡣
ԷֶҲǾ档
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Ů뿪湬飬Ƭ̼˦󼸸ߣȻһƬԺ
츮һΪͨԺ
ССԺʯ̵أԺԱһڷˮǽһһҲ档
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üһȻͷ֣֪ԼıʲôԿ϶¹ѡѣȻʲôùӳԡ

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325 òΪ
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329 
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331 죬
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룬һųޱȵѪȽȽ𣬼ӳУγһֶؾѪ档
Ұ³ľϯĺɫ棬ʱҽУʱƤãش
һЩoǵǣҲȼɫħ档

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332 뷷Ⱥ
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سȹ֮Ԩ֪˽񳯵ĵ̡
νֻǷ磬ʲôʱ񳯣Ϳڷ񳯡
񳯣̩ɽҲѡա


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˼ЦƤ«һ⸡֣ʱΪסӢˡ
屦︿רһʯɽһλϾн˱
ץ˻Ӣ֮󣬻˴λӽƸֻǰ¹֮ʱȴǷ¹֪ʱѾʧ
һͬСɣܹƤӵϢ°¹ʵȣҵæ֪ͨڻƼҵȺĳ

֪Ϣ֮ǾȲѣֻ¹ѾʧֻܴŻӢǰʦ
¹ʧ̫棬Ѿλƿء
ڷؾʦ󣬹ûмټҡ

˵ͨиȥ¥գ˶ʧˣ
͵ڣԨʱݱ仯ɫ£ԽһɺƵԻ͵Ͽգ·в
ǰձϹϾ˹ټҵŭջЩ
æԷʥǰȥū澲ҵҹֻ̣Ǹϵ𸮣һ£ͨиһϦ֮ȥ¥գӶһҹ֮ʧ٣ʵΪ죡
ǰȥ鿴
Ԩݱ䡣
ոоʵʵİԵϣͷˮæ˵£ū澴ǰȥ鿴ȷһҹ֮ʧ٣ͨд˺ͨзˣС㣬ڸޣƾʧй̽ͨиֲ޴򶷵ĺۼ
ԨʱһΪƽͷ𺳣Եλȹ֮ŽͨкͨзϷ򸾽ӵʦ
Ӿ֮λߴʤ
ԨӶҲԾТǲʥּϸ֦ĩҶ
һϦ֮ͻȻʧˡ
ǰԨת΢ͼͨ˳ϵǣԿ̽üǣȫ̽
Ǳ°ˣԼˡ
վ͵ϣԨͷ˼ȴںһ֣أԿ϶ϵʮа˾ţʲôܣѡһϦ֮뿪
ôλϷĸ׵ʲô
ԨͷʱܾϹŹŹֵֹġ
ԨҪȥһ


334 
£
߳͵ʱʱС¹ǰ
£ЯӢڹȺʥټ
ԨĿ˸ȻҪһʱʱһ۾۾ǰԨסͷ˼ֻڳټ˳
ȡйڻƼ֮ºԨ΢Ŷǰ
ǻӢйѺڣȴ̲УΣõȵ¹ʱ
ͻȻʧ¹Ԩ⡣
¹ѾɢȥܵɣڲҲУȻҲҲƲ

𿤣
ǵټңӵĸ֮أԭټһʱһϦ֮䣬ﻯΪһƬ׵أİ׵ء
ⶼΪ𾪡
ΪŵĻ𸮵֪;·ľ԰ʹӺͨиĹϵ˽֪ͨиΪһƬ׵ءкùӳԣ
Ҳ޷ֻܿӱޣ̨ͨϢдݳȥǵȴӵ֮ŭ
Ԩ𸮵ٶȼ죬תڻ󷨣Ӿʦֻǻʮɲǵʱ䡣
⻹ûе΢۾֮ܣֻǽ˱ǳ΢λ֮϶ݹ⡣
УǰĿõһԨһλ¡
ɨΧϤѾʧԺԺﾰ¥һϤԺȫʧˣԭֻʣ˸ɸɾլأſڵһʯʨӶʧ
ʧԨܿó·Ľۡ
ԭصȷûκδ򶷵ĺۼǱ°ߡ
ַ֣Ԩһ
ԨǽӴԪɢס𿤿ǣϸƬһ
Ŀ⣬ĺɽׯڣüͷһ˲仯Ϲ⽵Ƭɽׯ
˿ǵ£
oǺˣ
ԨĿɨǰλתŽâoһλ뷹
λ뷹ɽׯſڵʯ߳
£С𸮿ʿߵ£
λĺo𾴣𾴲һݣҲǳڳӵ𾴡
ڴ˴רŵȺ޵ĵԨЩ죬ͬʱɨɽׯ⡣
ɽׯڸܵһĨܺʱҴҸ
ر£Сڴ˵Ⱥʱ
ʿ鹧ͬʱȡһţޱȵĵݸԨ
£ͨз˽ļ飡
ԨֽӹҲûлɣŷ⣬Ԫɨ
ȷţɨһۣɫʱƽ
߶߶׸һЩ˹Ǭ֮⣬Ǳ˶ĹУ֮˵ͻȻȥΪһ׮£òȫ뿪Ҫ
ҲҪѰң
׮£΢Ǿ֮ܣĿǰҲԲ֣
¼񼮣̤΢Ǿ֮£Ҳ֪
Ԩ֮Ԩûоֱ٣Ƕ΢Ȼݣڰ׶ݺᣬĿиֳһ΢̵ķţһ΢ǹ⴩˳ӣͼʩչ׷ݡ
ԨΪǣ΢ת˳֮󣬾ǲδӦϵȫһ㡣
ԨͷһһͨܺΪĿ꣬׷ݣȻ޼¡
ҵȫʧˣƬؼ䡭
Ԩջ΢졣
ʱΪ΢Ǿܹӹ΢ݵĶҪô̫ԶҪôǵбҪߡ
λϷĸ׵бҪߣ
Ԩ𶯣̲ס𵴡
ۣʵǷ˼
Ԩ󣬺ϦദʮϾӵֿµУ

뿪˵أ
ʱڱΧһϣԨһֱѰҵϣʱվһظ֮ǰΡ룬ʣֱ
ɽϿգҫ⡣
Ͼͨ챦ǰһССʱɼһµĹۡۡܺͨſڴһģ;֪϶û˵ʲôû
Ͼࡣ
Ҳû취ЩһƷҵ֮أǵϰңȻֻ鷳Ҳ鷳
ϲ⣬ֻһ𿤵ķЦסôãǻط֮ضǶԣ׻̫ûʩչﵽԼҵĶһˡ
²ֻǼ򵥳Ρ
ңҵѳɣ׵ܹԴѾޣǼڴ˵أǻͻ绻ط
ĿΪЩᣬֵλС㣬ǷҪȥ
ȻҪģǵѾ㹻ʱȥʶʶµأ
ǵȻϵ
ϻ£Уƿն
һǰһΪλŮǰһλΪһЩһλȻҲɫӻ
콺˪
λ
ϼæ
ô֮üͷ
λŮ㶼һЦ
ֻǸСһ㶫Сϼĸףòû׼κκɣ
͸ֱ˵߰ɣ
ϸɿһɫЩһţŽϣ콣˪ͨڣͨΧһʱƿգȻʧɽͼ䣡


335 ۺ֮
ʦ
ܼ
ʱױ̨ǰһ˫ˮױ̨ǰС
˵͸ϱ֮
п󣬵ط
ǲû⣬Ȼ֪ϵĴ󷽣Ķ϶򵥣ʱȱ
ȡУʩչطھĬԣ⻪ϣֻл⣬һʱɳֱΪץסڡ
Լ䣬һɺƥתգޱ컯ȫ
ϸǼܣʱ˫˫о𶯡

ʱ𵴣ֻ󣬶е𶯵ǣǼʱ;漫д˱аıһɴ
ĸʲôĴڣ
˫仯
͹һرʦ֮õĵһر
Ǿıܷħ١
ܷħطͩľƣʩɫңޱȡ
ڿǵ͹Լĸ
ע⵽ڻһżһ
ָż㣬ϤıʼǳǰΪһ˿ܰ
˱ΪΪ֮ʱãǼҴϱ֮ФΪɮⱲӿָϣΪ¾ֻжһˣ˱ɴҵԸȻִ֣ȴҺδлر
ɳﾶֱΪֻҪԳΪСӿڱϣᵡ㣡
ż棬һ鳤
ڳдԨ֣
ĥɰⳤģͷҲǿĹ衣
ͬʱǵķ̾˿ڲȰ֮ǰȡλɻЩսء

Ĺʵأ¡
һںн˵ķɽſҲյһλɮļ顣
ݼ飬۲˫ֺʮĬһţ˫ԽӨס
ɽſڣڶ۽ڶɮ¼˲ޡ
쳯ɮ̬
ֻԼĪ뱯ߵУݼλǸԼˣҴ콺˪ѾҪ뿪֮أҪú˲ټ
Ʃһͳݷ
úԩԷŹԭǴпɵôǻۣС
ŴʦռúˣҲΪԷϷա
һʼչ¶㹻ĵͨҪƼҵУ
ֻһ·ߵڡ
ӷ𣡡
дȱ֮ɫ֯ȴԪ⸡֣ô˼ӳ֣ʱҲ˳޳˴شġСת˳㽫ǱҶϵķ𷨵޳ɡ
ʱֵųһġ澭У𷨸

ʦδɶãǴʳǣֻǲδټң̫
֪Ů֮ټңǱȻ񷨵ģֻгΪŮԺڹ
ʱݲͣΪƽ޳״ӣڣ֮Ը빬Ϊǵõ̫ټ
¹۲죬Ϊʺ󣬲̫⣡
ϾټȻһܸۡҲͣͳںΪǿǿϡ
Ѻ֮ǰͬг˸ı
ټҽڼʱ䣬ʥҲΪԾ֮ǰɵ빬ȫһ
ڶʥŵǿʿ֪һټɽ񳯵ΰҵȻǵۺѹǬ
֪ټĿǰֻһλŮλŮûУ޷ϵۺλá
λֻʱ̫Ϊѹ
ôۺλգڶʥŵĵ˶ϣ
һϵۺλãȲ˵ΪɽʥţöĻرԼϵۺ֮λǵһ֦ͷΪ
δͨϾĵ;ϣһŻ
ڶŮǿľԵ
ഫԹϵͳʥǿʿԣɹȻѣƾʸţһţȡһͨϾĵ·ɾ̫ѵˡ
λãԴ
һۺδλϽڵ۾õԴλӳֻ֣Ҫ񳯼пֻܲǵһϾô򵥡
λȻҲһ㣬ڶԼĹŮλڹϵͳĹŮҲǱŽ̬ȡ
ھƱ仯ˣҲÿһѡĻʺǷڴΣϾλôҪ
ҲЩʥռˣ
̫ʱһݶׯӺݣźһ̣ǰˣƷһ࣬һλŮʹһڳڹЩϵŮȻвͬһص㣬ɫ
̫ĿΪķ֮ϣλﶬʸвͬŮӡ
⣬ʺ󵱴λŮѡ
̫ҲԾ
ͳɽͳͳŮһһˣ
ǽʶɣ


336 ķ
̫Ծ˫ҲЩ̾
ЩŮǰʱǾٹѰڶʱ֮ȴǽĳλ
̫Що޳
ϧˣ겢δУȻѧƷòϳˣΪ󣡡
̫˹ټߵһλŮ
ʱһֱ͢Ҳ̫Ե̹Ϊ⡣

عǻʳ½һ
ﱻдһЩŮЩŮڶĸʥţһЩ͵Ůޡ
عϴţ뾩ʦԶ
¥ϣԶԶ𽥻ָľ
ľ¿ʼʮɸߴľģֻйͺͺɣһСС硣
֦ϡ裬ĿȥЩ֦ȴͨһĲɫʵء
಻ӿ
ΪΧķˮɣ档
ڴһ᷿ڣɼУеס
عһСԺڣﱻõļ¡
֥ڶ࣬ԱߵС԰СϪˮվϪϣλŮһǰһ󲢼
ֻλŮԻŮΪѾߣŮʹһĽɫ
ʱŮʹ˵
̫߶ôвǽˮڣǿΥҵ֮ģ
ŮʹͲ󣬵˵һһ׵ġ
ТΪȣҵ޵˵Тˣȥ˳Ц
Ůɫƽ
˵ҲŮڣ̾ʦ˼ףҪҽʱڹټϣټҲδ֮ˣֻĹΣʵ
ԣŮЩ࣬ʦ㰡㲻˶ټƽйϲʲô㵽ɽɵСӣǸŮӣڶޣڶޣ廿һ֧ŴŮŮ飬һλóɱŮ
˵Ů̲ס
ĲطĹɭϣֵͥ򣬾ס٣Ҿסе壬󲿷ھУӵӴ
ݳҲǲΪͳ鹬ˣۼǰԴܹλŮᲢۡ
ȴżȻЦ֮ʧ֮ʵڲУǳΪιҲѾǴĿģ
ʦõǿÿ
ʱһüͬʱϪˮУϪˮһ⸡֡
ǸʦãಢҪ͵˵ֻڴ˴УѾӽеĵط
ֻϪˮУһӰ֣ӰӰ´»ΪһλŮӰ
λŮһδɫУɫ⻪ǣ˫ͷһŨޱȵǹ䣬ƳɷΡ
Ǿ˾Ӥ
ݺܲһֹۣ
ܲɫЩȻոջڳƺ˼Сţȴ׶
ЦݣЩǸ˵ðʦ£
޷ʦãҵǲⱻ˱ƺСӣλڱ˵ʦûЩ鷳
üһֵǽöʧ֮ʧǱţ
ʦõӣҵţ
ˮӰУŮһЦϪˮеˮӰʧ
ŶԷɢŮܲɫ̲ס֮ɫ˵˾ӤĵоȻһ
ҲǸеͷ졣
￿ʳǣټҵȻ͸еÿһټͣÿһשνתǿʿҲʩչţֻܰԪ
˾Ӥﲻ£ƿΧѾعɻٳһأС
˼̸֣һҲɼŮ֮
ܲΪЩǣعλ˹ŮУԼʦ
ݻһģʵġ

һλλƷһλﵹΪ֣
عһ򣬲عڶۻ
ʱӳ֣Ҳλͷı
Ǿ鹬ͽ񣬾ǻƷһλŮλؼȻ޷ܿǿܣԷҲ
ɽصķǾ˾ӤҲľ
ǷǾҲǳԴż
ǻ
ľ
ԺŮʱЩΣȻռƣѡϣռơ
ټѡľµ۾֮·Ȼľ𣬵ľɣõĴӦˮľ
ľµ۾ľ
ڿ˾ӤռȻġ
󵽵˭ռݺλ˭Ҳ֪

һߣԨ֮̽󣬱
ʿרŵģ˶ϵȥһ֪
ֻǵԨ׼صʱȴЩ⣬һϹЩ춯
Ԩݹɹƺ֮ʱԪϹˮȻЩ仯亱ԨԪѹƣһ⾶ֱԱߵһӷݶ
ԨԶԶǿƺˮϵ֧
ϹŴˮ
ϹˮʱС
ԨŹ֣仯ò׷ˮ


337 
ˮ죬ʯݺк
ײɳᱴ
ɽɪӰԿմ䡣
εؾݱۣһ㺮
Ԩǵò֮󣬴δһλһ׽ʿʫʡ
ˮϣϹˮϵƵľѾԶȥʱˮ಻СӣۻƵ
ԨĸӦУϹˮأˮУʱͬһ㣬ʧ
ϹԨп޶ʧȥ
ԨʱЩϹûгֹ⡣
ʱ޶ʧأʵ
ʷ˽˱ʱ˳ޱȵӣԨͷٴɡ
ʱλ˱¶ʵ̫ˡ
һϹ˵;ͳˡ
Ԩʱֻλ˱ϲպ󱲣ûй໳ɡ
ǰˮһˮԴУת˲ʧ
Ԩһ٣Ͻɫ⿪ʼһ⸡֡
ƺ˾Ȩֳ
ԨʱʧˮϿա

ˮˮڡ
ϹˮĹۡڣˮ˥ܣϡָһϹž
ˮˮһԣϡ
Եˮˮ㣬ΨһëǱȽϲΪʦ
Ѱ󲿷ʱ䶼ˮΪˮеˮ彲֮
ˮУһϮɫˮۣͷǣΪˮڶʿ
ʱھ޴ˮ̨£ڶͷֹԴˮϺͷͷзͷҲ࣬࣬Լ࣬һЩǿ֡
żмɷӹǣͨ͸
棬СʣҵҪУ֮࣡
ҵѪͳҪ˵ǣǱҲԴɣغøԶԾл֮ͥνоٱ飬ԼԼֹסԳԿɰ֮࣡
Ƕ飿
飬·ڶСʱ˯
ˮ̨ҡͷԣЦȫһĻ䷳˵ȲҪСϰ֣ԵļѷţҪɵҪ⾲ϣΪ
ֻһϺ˵ҵöֵΣ
˵νҲıãöѪѪȹ޾棬ɰٴ·ɳɵȻҪɱ
ҲдʵɷϹͳ֮·
ϳƬ̣ԵǿԣֻϹĵرҪ󼫸ߣһҪӦĻ̫ƽ˲ԣϹǰöԣ
֮⣬ǸˣĿǰõĵ·ǵͳ
иŵеؿһ˵ǵؿ֮Գ챦ڶ࣬Ϲ޲Ϲۡ
һͷ꣬һɷΪơ
Ҳ֪ͷǴõϢҲ֮Ŀǰһơ
δ£ˮ̨Ȼ𶯡
һ䣬ִˮӡ֪ɲǼһԻ·ˮ̨С
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ڰЩɲɫ䣬ˮԴһ̷ԭƿصˮӡȻ߽⣬Ծ޳һԪ񣬻һת˲ʧˮĳ
ˮӿˮˮʼųտ⣬⾪춯أˮȻڱ仯øӴ񣬸ߴ
ˮԭǵıԴͻȻۺޱȡ
֪ˮϵˮԴӿӼɳ
ˮȻǾŽ֮һԼ֪Լ£ˮ޷Щ󽭴Ტۡ
ټˮ񸮵ı仯ЩԼ±Ͳ롣
Ϲ񸮳ף
Ժͬէ֡
ˮԹΪأϹˮֹڶǿޱȵoˮЩoͥس
ˮ¹ڶĺۼڹȥУһЩoˮеõһЩ൱ķǷ
ѵ촹ʢ̻»Ե
ϴʱĪ
үүˮ񸮺Ҫˣ
ߵļȻϾѹֻˮŵ£ཨݻˮȻȻڶˮʯѹƣڴ
ϴ󾪣æû޴İʮɰ趯ֵסˮغ
ֺ̫ڿ񱩣ǰϵֲĺУȻֻǲ׺һڡ
óˮгһҲЮðϴ
ͬʱͷ֪ʱˮԴ֡

֡
һ̣ɽв֪жoԼ޵֮˱ˮԴĶ
̫ھˡ
Ƭ̼䣬ˮͷųıԴԱߵĻƺӱԴҪ嫣
ֱ˼
˵ˮϿտֲǴ֣
Ƿʲô飿
ת˲𽥿ʼֻһֻ״ָ֣ȻסˮԴ£
Ԩγˮˮ׼֣һĻЩ
֮ע⵽ˣˮԴ߳һϤޱȵӰ
񣿡


338 빬
΢֣
Ӱȣգδ£
Ԩǧƪ񸳡
УԨ̾˵ȷһ𾭾꣬û뵽ջܼΣգ
ԨɫϲûΡ
ôʱǸˣǡ
ԨĿһͷƼ۶ޱǴ
ʱԨٳٶ۶ӳ˹˵ͲǸٶ۵ˡ
Ԩ²⣬ʷϹˮ񣬿Ҫ֣֮
ϾУѻɢԪѡ
ǡÿ֮ʣԪ񣬸ʷһϣ
˳ƽؿ߱Դ֣֮Ԫ飬
Ȼ֮ɫ˵Ҳ֪״ֻ̬ǸҽˮУ˳Ӧڸ
ĻԨͷһ֮ǰм䣿
˵ʷȴ񻰳УйںӲĵһУֻǵؿԪΪ¾£һհԪ顣
ֻ಻֪Ϊ۱ԴǴ
Щɡ
ǷҪҳְѹסǴ
Ԩ̧ͷͷͷƲʲôֲڲϷͣ׻ײһɻصܣҪĥԪ
Ԩʱת΢۾֮Լ˴һɾ޴һصС
Ǵ
Ԩ²⣺Ϊȡ컯׽١
ˮϣʱƼˮˮаϵˮǱٴһ죬ھұޱߺԿʼˮʱ𶯣ˮԴ˳ĸڶˮԴһʱ
ͬʱȻЦãˮлµļ΢ã˴³һЩħӣ»æ£
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ԨҲã
񵽵ʱµŮԨŷ˴񲻻ûаţ΢ţʱƼɽУһתӴƵ΢ϹȻΪӣضա
λ˴ˮ֮й˳λҪ
Ԩƽʱˮ֮ϣ͸֮ѾΧɽУΪڶo֪
΢Ǿ
Уo͸¶Ӵѹʱͷһ
ʱйλ΢ǾϢʵ̫ˡ
ʱԶ֮ɲǻ׷롣
Ϊ׵һλɫۣˮo

λݵͥڳ֮Ԩ˸档
ʣܱߵһoƺӺӲԼˮܱеλ
ˮ֮ϼԨΣʱ׷
£
λض񣡡
Ԩ鲻䡣
ʱ£ˮԵη˱
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Ź࣬Լλƺˮɰ
Ŀ׷ͷɻˮԴ˺Ƶ֮׵Ļƺӣֱ˼
ԨЦλ֣
֮ˮԴд˱仯Ҳ֮У
ˮ֮
Ԩ񲻽в²⣬ͬʱԺйˮһмء
ܱΪˮ֮ǿӦòࡣ
ҹ֮ǴʵǷ˼
ԨδɫĿա
ˮ׼һ̥Ӵڷ٣ˮԴɡ
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Ȼϳ˻ƺӺӲλֻƺӺӲֱĳ档
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339 ̫
һ˫ԨϣԨϵЦݣԨĿϣ˵ƣ
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ʱȵĸ֪ı仯ϴˮ֮Ϊˮ֮֮Ů壬ʹӼʽΪܹܣ᲻֮ʱܶˮԼǣ

ͷ𵴣ܵǺƵæӦ£ˮּС񶨻﹫ˮ
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ԨҲԽˮ
ͷʯԴӻִ֮˾ûʺϵְ£ˮȻָϹűԴԽˮˮ

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ͬʱŻᣬ½һĴΡ
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С̫ˣ
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תЧҲֹܴˮĥ
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̩ɽ񳯽֮ǰһܰ쵽
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ջ
פ㣬ʦǿһľµľľĳǿǰһɨ꾩ʦ֮Щ÷˼
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Ԩ⣬˵ӦǱȽϺˣ
Ժᴫһط©ȱǴ
²ۣԨǳ鴤û취ѽ
ңܳɳһѾΪ⣬ܲϹŴ۾ǰ㣬ӵֿµ̡
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κһݣ̫ͷ𵴣


340 ۽
Ա߼ֻǻڣԱߵԨ֪γƺǺãʱûнܹεѬա
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Ԩ룬ѵǺƤţλ˱£ԼǸǱɣģǱ
ˣ


341 
ԨȻͷۣʱ벻ӡ
Ŀǰ顣
ֻǺ֮󣬵õĽûԨͷ۵
һ˴Ϊʼ棬ףƼȢȻýƸûʲôҪ󣬵ҲȫȻ֡
ȫȻ֣ԨԼҲùⲻȥ
ԣλ䶨µļȢأһŮҪƤһҪ䶴ѨЦ׼ɡ

ԨԶԡ
ֻƤ
΢۾ܸɳֵ۵飡

ԨŶﲻļͻȻоԼеᣡ
ֻӲԣᡭ
Ԩ뾡ǧټƣȴյһϢ

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һֻģ壬רģ壬ӿ̡
۲
ҪضһЩԼΪͶţҪĹģͬҪΪģһЩԴ˻ȡںϣתֻģ塣


342 ֮ף֮Դ
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ʵʽçʱûеģԭҲҪô鷳ֻҪվھʦ֮ϣأգδȨڣʵһͳδҲҪ뷷⣬Ϊ񳯳Ӽɡ
漰ɽ鹫ԼڶʥŵһЩԼԨѡ̩ɽΪ֮ء
ȻЩشΣԨҲûҪ¼ҹˣҲЩһЩ档

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Ȼ̩ɽǻڣ̩ɽֻǼӷ⣬Ʃӷʥš
Ʃ罫۾ٴμӷֲķѶˣʾѵ飬Ԩȫġ
ȻγѾĶ۾мλĵ۾Ԩȫټӷ⼸ǿѾˣôӷҲΪ

ξǰʹףƸ飬ӭ飬ҪΪЩضܲоƸ
ЩҪ񳯷֮ǰһһɣʱЩգԨϣж
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346 ɣ
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һ㣬һֱԨΪΪѣoǹԱԱʱoһӰ
һֱֻ⡣
跨
֮ϣԨͷͬʱʱѾװ
񳯽֮سŵ飬Ǭ֮
ԨΪʹ֪Ϊʹ׫ģᱦ
񳯽ĵڶգв䣬Ҳд󳼹ȰΪֱвʺ䣬̫ڼ٣Ԩ˻ȥ
ִ٣񳯽֮ɾתԲıʣʵѹЩѣ̫Ҳʵ
ɵھת֮΢۾λԨҸо࣬Ȩ΢ɽ
ǰҪôֱӳԳϾҪôۺæֵѹ
ԨϣֱӳϾֵֻ·񳯺صĽҪͷʱ¶˿֦ڣ񳯲
鹬
УԨŨرԴھ𵴣Ԩоһޱȱ͵ĸо
˫ź˵⣬ĿС
ɽԴԴϵرԴ͸ɽӶľֻ۶ֻһѾһֳԨ۵΢ͥΪ΢ͥڵ̥ԡ
ԨһθоҸķա
ʵб仯ģ۾ѡɢһ۶ıԴ
ֻͻڼԭļȱڵıԴԨʵЩᡣ
룬Ԩѡһɲ˵ıԴ΢ͥڣ΢ͥ
΢ͥرԴ࣬ʱԽֻȴ޷ʱ
΢۾λλȨɽѾʼ͸΢ͥӰ쵽΢塣
ٲͻƣԨв֮ա
ʱԨһͷԻ񳯹ˣΪһͷͷ⸡֡
ⶴջʳڵʵ
ʹдǰ
Ҳʱˣ
ó棬ӭʹеĹͣ
һΪ£Ҳ˵ԯһȽ񳯸Ҫ


348 ԯϣ
Ԩʱͷϼ硣
ԯºũ¶ˣ
ողԨ
Ԩףݣʱǰӭ
ȹӭʣԼλ£
ö񣡡
ʱϼУλʥƹ⣬óλʥֻǷǰֻǷǰԻףȻޱȡ
ڶױ
ԨƲһۣʱĿЩ𶯣ֹʮױʷϵļױԯϣũϣԼڶĺ
ԽԽoǰѻɽ
ЩДԨô죬ƩͥصĴʦЩԨȫʶٴçħʵڿߡ
һԽܡ
䣬Ԩ񳯵۾˱Եǻ˷ʹ
ԣЩǰĹ񣬻ֻһΪ׽һЩʹδţֹһoǰء
ȫǰ˵õ
һ죬ԨȫλʥʣֻǴ󲿷ֶλʥһڴڽԨҲֻ
ڴ֮ũȥ
ǵԨһ棬һʰԵĺзŽԨλŮ֮ȥ
Ƕһݺ
ﻹǧ
ƫУԨиоģһССڰװɫ̫תһͼǬɷԻԵͼ
Ķ㣬ЩУ
Աߣˮһ˿ʥ⡣
ʱΪۺ󣬴µۺᣬв峺ԣ뾩ʦϿתγԪ㣬ƵתŽڽ
ת֮ǰӵϾУֱçħʱôֱӻظϾС
ֻи֮·ħϣѡɵò´򰾸
ȷΪ֮ˣ
ƺÿ츳֮ԼûпΪûǸˡ
ĿƲһԨ˫ۡ
ȴټңߵĵ;͵길֮··𣬵ǽֻʰΪգÿһλϾߵ·ǲһǿзգɹϾŻ
δɾͣҲֻΪһ游ʣٲת١
ЩԨ
֪ǰټҵ־
Թټۻĸ˷ʵ̫ڿϧ
ѵǣ޲᷸ģ
Ԩһ
Ȼûйģ壬ʷͷ棬ʷǺεǿĹз˴ĳɾֻͣo֮õġ
ΪoԣϾɶš
˵ʷһͨΪ
ֻ˹ģ壬ԨŲСҰ
ʰԡĲȫ΢ͥƣ޷ȡãȡһϣں;ڻһ·¿ķ
˵׾֮ף֮Դ
ʰԡʹطԴ
ϸ򣬶ջ
ʰԡ̶ȣĳ̶ֳԶڡ׾֮ϡ
ȻǶԨԡ
ƫ˼֮󣬶ʱٴ߳кȺ
ʱŷڶ׷׿ʼȥҲҴȥҲҴңԨֻиӡ
ԯϡ
ԯȥ֮ǰȥһ۾鹬Ǿ鹬صɽӶԼħž
ԨȥдԱ㡣
ԯĿھ鹬УԨ
˻ҵлʥάʥɽӶд˵ȸ
лᣬʥѰɽӶĻԵ޹أ
λʥ޳£Ͽʣֻ˫죬ʡ
Ǵ򵥵£ǵ۵ϣѣԽӽ
˫һԨ˵
΢ʵ֤͵۾߲٣㣬ܹ˶ʱ֮ڣ񳯽ʵ
Ԩл˵ԯϰڰЦ
Ҳýͣÿʿܳ˵ԼĻԵֻǹϣ㲻ҪΪݻԵ֮;¿˴ǧ磬ڶ콾һһʧϣܹģҪΪԻ󣡡
ĵ;ܳ
лʥ̻壡
ԨĿȻλʥ濴ȷн̵֮⡣
аɣľ֮·΢۾֮·ܸıӻޣδкεȳɾͣҪ
Ͼľ֮·΢۾֮·ҪͨףԸԭ̤ˣƾʹ֮Ҳܻȫ
ԯϵĻƺЩζԨˣԯϿҲһЩʲô֪Щ£Ԩǰ΢۾֮£ѯʣԯϰڰ֣һ̤֮뾰鹬С
Ԩֻܾٲԯһɫ֣ضȥͬʱʧھ鹬еԯϡ
һԯѪǳȫһŵԸ
ֻǵɫУʱѪȾأط޴仯


349 Ѫ棬
ԯѪ
ԨһӴԪ·ء
ֻԯѪغ󣬶ʱһ޴أһ·ת̫ͭѪϡ
𣡣
ԨƿһͷͷϸС͸Ѫ֮ĴУ͸ڤڤһѪӣʼܣڶ֧֮ϡ
ѭϻѪڶϻڣıЩ˵ѪͳڳѪԯѪʼԾ֫ٺԴ
Ԩ͸ڤڤ֮УһεѪϵԿЩԯѪĸ壬δϰϰ䣬°빦
޵ܵϼѵ޵ӡ
ȷһݺ񣡡
ԨһĻʱüͷһ֪ԯѪǿޱȣ껣ǿߣo΢çЩĲҪǿһ֡
һЩүƩԵ·ԼԪԪݣԪܣܲԪԪٲԪԾȵȶ档
ЩδеүƱøᣬԪ
ԾϰĿֻڹǣ˲䱻ͨʵ
仯ĵڶ档
ԯѪĿԨѪԨΪķѪеĵϵˣΪ˫ֵ̥ܣһƫϺһĶȻϢ˹ȥ
ֱӱԵԯѪıʲı仯
Ԩ͸ӴԪԿԵԯѪڸıʣԯϵһЩʡ
˳ԯ塣
ԨҲԯѪԯѪҲӿԯҪĶԯѪ۵ĸŨҡ
ԨöѪУ룬ѡһԯѪڡ
΢屾ͣ΢ʱδȫ޳ɾǽһУԯѪС
ң۳΢۾֮ҲһҪ«ưѧһ΢۾;޳΢۾֮
֮⣬ԯѪ̺һӡǣҲȥߴݼ޳ֻһ΢嵱С
Ժ⣬ԨҲôģתڱǵԯѪ»֮ڡ
ۿɼħΰͷԯѪбøӿϽɫǣԻβ
ԯࣿ
鹬⣬ҴҸÿһĻɫ㶡
۵׻Щ㵡
ټңô£
Ԩ˫ĿĿǰЦãʥһԯѪҽ۳һԯΣ
Ԩ麬Цʱ΢۾Ҳȫԯ֮࣬ԯ΢۾
Ҳ˵΢۾ԯ巨˵ܸʵһЩϾ΢۾֮·
ԯѾ߳ԯʣĵɣƱγ껣ǰʼķ壬Գһ塣
ǰ㣬ᣬͨԯƺԳ塣
ˮ塣
в֮ټҲ߳ĵ;
溬Ц
ԨһֽţʱиоԯѪ֮΢۾ȨλȨѹС˺ܶࡣ
Ѫߵ۾֮·ʿ
Ԩ˴۾괫ҲԯѪԴɵ۾֮·ɱ䣬˳ӻУƵΡ
ԯ壬ȻΣУһ־ࡣ
ϵõԯѪ컯ضʱأ
ԯ»ס
⻹ֻǸʼϻովѪҪԨ㴿Ѫԯ壬
棬ڶõϢֻǲĿһۣѾľ
ʱ䣬ؼǲ
̫ˡ
Ԩ̫ټڶһǿߣһǴ£ԯѪ֮£̫һ
֪һŵôԯѪҿʼԯѪڶ̫һʿȻǾϲӡ
çħʣǱʺ̫һʿļħʡ
ؼڶʿٻЩΨԯǵţܹƼá
һõĺã嶼̥ǵɱ䡣
ȴ£Ȼֵϲ
ڻҴϲ֮ʱԨո̫߳ȴ̫סˣԱߵľ鹬С
ټңʺ󣬰ѯ
Ǽλδã
̫ʢװ֮ȴЩ£
ԨһۣҡҡͷЦ
ĸЩŮǲɢɣ֮һˣԣ
²á̫ȴƽ˫ڹټҺ͵ۺϡ
ҲڣҲһ˵󷲵ԺȻټΪ񳯵۾ݰ֪ԽǿԽѣǳɾ֮óȻԴа
̫ƻл
̫ҲûзӣܵԯѪѣһᣬȻһټҿɾδԸĻˡ


350 㣬Ͼ
Ԩҡͷ˵ĸˣ޺ͻʺ֤͵۾ۺפ֮²ż
̫˼ԨҲ˽һЩ
һɱԯ壬δȻᵮһЩ츳֮
޺󣬾Ҫ֧ѹ
̬֧ӵڼ֮ġ
Ȼģ
Ԩ⣬ڣڲͷʲôֻһЩС⡣
̫Ʋһ۹ټҺ͵ۺݵȻ˵
ټҲҪΪΣ
ټӦҲһִĻҵˣ԰ҶԹټҵ˽⣬ټһҪУ̫ڳҲ࡭
˵ټδоϣ
˵ţ̫ۺ󣬰ȫһƬģ㲻Ҫģ
ĸ֪ģ
ס
̫ʱСȥ
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񳯽ˣɱγɷȨѵͻʱ
ĸڹ̫͢ãȻûת˼
鹬УԨҡҡͷ
һ˫ĿԨЦټңѵͲĶλŮųȷЩϧʵҲر⣬о仰ĸ˵öԣ󷲵һλԺǸҲ⡭
ɱޣ޿֪ᳫһһޣⲢŮӡ
ԨЩȻ⻰ȷǳʵ⡣
ȥġ
ԣҡҡͷ˵ǹټҿɾʹˣʡ
һ٣ȻĬԼҸʵĺȫ׳ȥǲе㲻̫á
룬һת˵
ȻǽΪۺܹҪЩãλŮʻ㲻ɿͣ
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λŮôųȥȷЩϧΪۺӦΪ
Ԩת˲ȥҪ·س񳯽һЩ¡
ЩºǱչسϾŻɽ
Ͼ֮ǰѹôãѾԳͻˡ
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鹬УĿΪ
á
̫һ˵û
Ϊ񳯵۾÷٣ܹ鲻һ¡
͸ʺԯʥ֮䣬ʱϡһϳ˴ԯʥ֤֮󣬺ڶ۾ԯʥʶŻٵĹϵ
ƽ
ȻĳɾͣĸҪһ㣬ԭΪʱǲ߾
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˵滹йù
ɫ̾˿
ԯʥȴƾ֮ʹ
Ӱٶȣжʱ仹Ҫǹʡ
ԭڶ࣬ϣһۡ

񳯽֮Ҫյ͵ڶǷ飬Ҳδ񳯵
δҪġ
ܲյȫա
ڶŮǰһЩĴԵա
Щ͵ﶼǼأޣҩģӦоС
ﶯģһЩ⴫鷳
ȻǴƵʹԯڱǰΪ֮
һΣɵʹ
ˣũԯλʥ͵Ϊ
ϳųԴġʰԡŮһ֧ɵС壬ڶŵر
ܱͳģһЩϵһЩ䣡
һ£Щ㹻Ǵ´ࡣ
ũڶ鵤ҩӣ󷨱һרһר
ȻǾƷеľƷ
Ȼʮѵá
һЩ󵤷
ԯϺͷһһŮЩŮʮˣҲһ㣬̹˵ãǴ֮ر
֮ʮ񽫣λ
Ǵֱˣ
Ҳ񳯵o顣
ȹ񳯴֡
ټʱҪ½ƣЩoʱʹ
֮⣬ԯĵرЩĵرũƣһƬ񵤡
ɡ
䲻ɣȹ̣פңѵս޿磬мȱݡ
֮⣬йԯй
ԯ澭¼澭Ԧص䡷ȵȷԲ䵽̫һĴУЩçħУԲȫ̫һ崫С
ȴҳɳּλѪԯ壬һŻǿ֧ǳִѪ壬֧
ͥһЩ

񳯽ǴڲǷ׷ţĿ۶
Ԩȹɳһϵ֮󣬱أγ΢С
΢ΪʺϾŻĵط
۽ҲãҲãԨвǸ
΢
΢۾λƬɫ徻ͥڣһޱȵĺϳԨľ
ﻹôĻž
˻˳΢۾Ȩо޴ǽ̳ϣ뷷΢۾λž޴ô
Ԩ΢ǱԴ룬ʱһȻ΢Դ
΢Ǿ΢ԴҪͻƣȻڱԴΪ׵


351 ֣ɳ
΢ԴӿƵ
̤УԨͬصԴ֮ء
΢ԴʵʣΧŨɫԨ衣
ͬһƬյӰؼ䣡
΢۾ڷ𵴡
΢۾Ȩ£Ԩ΢ԴĿƣˮǴߡ
Ԩѡ˵طʼ΢۾Ȩ״̬
Ԩ𽥸֪Բƿ΢۾ȨȨܹת֮Ԩ˫
ʱ˶ã
ԨΪת΢ԨƲչصʱ䣬ٹСꡣ
ڱչصɶԣȻֻǴĹ
ڴеۺԼԪǵڳԨȫ
ȻԨ治չС
һʳѾ࣬˼䡣
״̬֮Ԩֿʼͻơ
һֻɲǼֳһޱȵĺеľ˲߶ͷһޱȵĺŻ
ȺŻ֮ʱԭʼã޼ɵĳ΢΢𶯡
ǳ
ֻ΢ʱ΢۾ԴͨǿУκܹ֪ǺŻֵס
Ͼţ
һͼת֣ԨĿĿֻ䣬Ǿ΢ͥڱ̥һ⳯ξ޴ųȥ
Ҫյĺš
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ѰɽϾĹؿڡ
ϾŻԻûо׽ôӴ󣬵ʵϸա
ΪϾŴ˳УѰҪϾɾ磬Ҫ˳С
˳ӺεգѰɽУФɲǣͱ˳Яޱʱյϴ׳ɵӡ
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ޱʱյϵӤմȾһתĽֻǿʼö֮ŵѹֱӴ֮ڣشͨرԴִƱԴ֮ɣ°֮ŵǣضһ
˵ͨϾɾ磬ǧľţֻԲɡ
ϣɡ
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ȻۺʱεأôһСˣܹ顣
Щ̬ĵɣҲŶԪ֮ţ׽ɡ
֮١
ԨΪɣؼּ˱̬ɷ롣
۾Ȩؼ಻ࡣ
Ԩʱʵѡֱ̫Եͼ΢۾λ񣬳۾λȥ֮š
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ԨʱԪԵͼΪһֻ֪ϵˢΧޱȵʱպ
ԭͷ֮ţƱøңԶ
ģӡ
Ԩ鲻䣬ֻ̫ԵͼǰɵʱպԽ̫࣬Եͼת⣬Խ翣鶯
۵رԴνԴʱҲرԴֵķʽ֮һӵ̫ԵͼŵĲ׽
֪˶ãԨоƹǧ꣬һ˲䣬̫Եͼһ·ϣȻ֮ǰ
У̫Եͼøӻֺ꣬嫣ͬǬ̫硣
һԪۣüڰ̫ӡת˫޾صоԡ
ˣ
ܵ޾ʱȻ󿪣
ڣشڣ
Ŀ̧ƿ޾Żи֣ȴĲժ
ͼ΢΢һ٣ɲǼ仯һڰ׵ų֮
ֻǵڰ׵ų֮źʱ仯⸡֣̺ޱߴԨ˴Իһ̥
̥̫Եͼ֮Ż۵ޱߴ⣬ڷĥ̡̥
ֻ̥Ӵޱȣޱ⻯Ϊ𲻶ʱҲֻСһȦ
Ѹɱ䡣
Ԩĵ̫ȫûѰɵĳ
˵һ
Ƶĸ򹦵ģ壬ǿֶͨΣгѰĺʵ
յУࡣ
¡¡
Ȼ𶯣ϼ⡣
һڰ׶Ϊ̫ԵͼԭزϻתʱŻ
·ˮ·ױԴȫУ̺ޱܡ
ν򷨹һԴ֡
ɲһ΢еԨüļ䣬Ԩʱֱ˲ϢһصС
һԭʼֺĵϲ룬
΢Χʱޱ׳ʡ
ǽף
Ԩ˳ޱȽɡ


352 ۾λ͵۾
ݼţڰ΢ѵõĳһֺ컯ڤڤӿ컯ڶǳ
΢ϣ΢Χǳԣͬһ㣬͡
Ԩ˫Ʋһһӣ΢ϵ׶ʱɢ
ԨƲһۣʱҡҡͷ
΢ǿɲܳ̽
УɣƲʵҲ޷ֻ鷳ٵȻٵá
ϥ΢ϣ΢ӿıԴϴ塣
ʵϣԨĳֲ²ûд
صһͨÿ޳һ֣Ǵһ屦أرԴٶȽһ
ڳĳǿĴڣȻɱ䡣
ǰĹ񡭡
Ԩţ֪ݣǷ׼ȷȷˡ
޳컯صŵ
Ԩϸڽɵı仯
ƬӴԪʼţֻֻӴԪޱ籩ϯء
Ԫ֮ͻ֮ǰȻǿֹһЩǰδеı仯
øȴԡ
ӦþǽΪǿĵط
ԨĿ˸֮ǰɣȡ΢۾Ȩӵڵ
ֻҪûбҵ۵۾λ񣬻΢۾λ񣬾ܽؼ䰵ص۱Դ΢۾Դ¹
һ㣬û֤ͽɵ֮ǰ䣬¾Ҫһλ
ԭĵĳ̶ֳȣҪȡģԨ޷ҵһʵĵֵ۾Ȩ
лȴٱӰ졣
ҲֱܹԴ
Ԩӣʱ蹬΢ͥһʯʯʯ֮ɫϸȥؼӦеɫг֡
һСС̫Եͼתֺڰ׶ɫ
رԴϱ
رԴ󣬱ĸڡ
ԨرԴ֤ͽɣҲζֻҪԪӡûбҵǿԴκһֱԴпٻָ
ҪҪأ
ȻʵϲûǿᣬؼһЩͨضƩǿɷ𣬻пܱҳԪӡ
Ʋȥָһ㣬ԨΪĻһ㡣
΢ͥڳɣ
ԨɲϹûʱ΢ͥǰԻס΢۾Ȩһޱȵ񽣣׻ա
΢ͥԨΪĶͨʱһ֮£ĿǾ춯ء
ְֲ˼㡣
ͨԨԭ΢۾ܣתЩѣϾ̫
ʱ֤ͽɣǳǿһͨ
΢۾ȨȨУΪС
⣬ֺԨͷЩ⣬ʰ΢ͥܽһݻ硣
ǡʰԡصͨУΪ벻֮ء
ܽݻ־Ǿǵóɵ۾
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۾λֻӵе۾λ۾Ȩܹתڵ۾һΰ۳ɵ۾ȫյ۾ΰԳһ߳;
񻰴˵УһЩǧ磬մǧĴĴڣԳƵ
ԨԼһĵ̡
ĵ̱ɣȻҪӻĶ࣬ι̡
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Ԩͻ֮ʱ
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ͷ
ˮݻ
ʱڲܼң٫ҲԶԶߵĶƬҡҡͷ˵
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ֻͷѣһħٲžʦϯ
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353 Ȩ
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ֻǿֲħԶԶ󣬻ӳħͬת˲ħб
գһĻħΪ𶯣شڵƽɾ磬ֻһЩۡ
ԸЩֶΣѹͨǿֲħ£˻ûз
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һƿֲħɢ̫ķħԪħԪ
תŤ𡭡ħ޳ңαԳħ
ǵԪأԸ֣ԪĲԪ
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ϻħ֣ʹƻĵġ
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ڣ÷ħ˿ǣ屦ӡסԪδԪȾָܻ
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ʱһʢװۣȴ࣬أתޱת
ŵǺ赡
ν֮Ԩ˳ԺΪ񳯵ӡ

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ֻͷڤڤһӻֺʱ٣Ϊһ޴ʳϿշӡ
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λޱȵĵĿޱȵȴħͷϡ
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񳯾Ͳһֱ񳯻ǿȨ
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̫Ϊ̫ǿȨɵ˲䣬ѾɿҪϰ·ʵĽĽ
Ͼÿһλֱܹ޳֮õȺ򷱸
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񳯾ӵĺô
һе˳עֱ񳯱е۾ˣֱ֮ӴǿȨ
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ϿգԨȫûг֣ޱȵĴħΣ΢ͥݻѹ
䣬Ҳõã
Ԩ˫΢΢ЦݣĿȴѷڵķѷڳ֮ת˲㱻Ȼֺϡ
ͻȻֵǿħԨͷЩôǿĹܲԵ޹ʳ֣иԴͷǲŪԴͷٳͷĹ񾩿ɾҪˡ
Ԩ룬ν񾩣׼ͷ׽ħֲ̽һ


354 Ůۣ
ܸ
λʯɽͷħͷۺͶѹʱ˿
ۺĵбҵҪǿ
ôֹס˴˻ͷħͷѣóħ̳ǿɾ鷳ˣ
Աһλ̫ɫ۵ĵˣҲɡ
˵ˣλȻرɡ
ǰףһص쾳ǸʱλУҲֻոճɾɵ
ǿֲޱȵħɷףͬһͷڽ쾳н帲Щ߻˼ۣŽͷħɱ
ֹûеһʱѹϻؼԴħԽԽħｵ١
λ۵ļ֮ɫһλħʵҡ
ǼħֲûͷǿᣬٻħձҲûǣֻħȾأػΪʺħסħ
λɣħɷָʲôǷĹ𣿡
Աߣ٫ΪüͷǷλˣŵɫ
Աδڣ̫˸üͷһ壬ȡ«ٴһڣ˵
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˵Ŵȡһݽ
ҪĶڴ˴
˵żλ˹һЦһȥ
һνʳعټ˳񳯣һ֮ǵ㻯Եˡ
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ۼűչһԨ½٣ۺԼڶǿ߾㶼Ǽˡ
ڶǿ߲֪Ԩн΢ǵľĿģԨȥ֮ǰֻ˵һͨ
ʱ֣Ȼͨгɣֵøˡ
ֻеۺ֪ټΪͻϾɾ磬˻سȻ˳ͻơ
ټңף޳ɽִ֮ƱԴӴ֮ǧΣ
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Ԩֻ΢΢һЦǿģǵ̺Ҳġ
գ۾浾Ц̺Ŀյ޷񳯹ڣҩǶѻɽټҲظ⡭
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ԨһЦֻͷ̾˿ҩȷʵĸ֧ڵĻۡ
ҪرԴ߳һĴ
ԨҲƻ
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鲼⣬ÿһǽ϶һطģǽϣԼЩӳ֣Χשǽɿֲĺɫ
ڳȡڼӳ
ѺԽ࣬Խǿ
ȻҲޡ
ħĳ֣Ǳѹļޣ⶯١
Էٵķħ֮ѹħ
ħʮ͸Ѫ⣬ͷħžųһ⣬ĥħħ
ֻͷħаޱȵĿ⣬Ԩʱ֪ʲô˷ʱ䡣
Ԩ룬һ̻΢ͷħһ㱾Դͷħֻݽеһ룬Ԩͣݡ
ݣڤڤܵһֲּľףǿݿ鷳
ԨΪźͷħҲûʲôֵԨȡնħ񽣣˳ֽͷħնɱڣȷ䱾ԴױնɱɾԨźȥ
٫빬ȴǸԨСġϲ
йħɷϢԴλʳԣȷǸ޴
ԨæܼӴνڵһ仯
ܴνڣǷеڶͷɷħԨضҪһʱ𣬾ѿȾ񳯵Ļᡣ

һв֮Ԩٴҵ
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һȻЩף񳯱ƶʹʲôǰӴλ롣
֮أĿǰ˴ɺͲӦûʲôܹв½񳯲ǣټΪ񳯵۾ȫʱ̨
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ΣЩֵܽõУЩ˱Ȼϲ񣬵ôôء
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Ԩȫ֧κξٶֻҪǰ񳯸ŭԹ
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̵ʼ֮Ԩһ˳
У̫ڱչعɾ磬Ԩڳ˻ᣬȥ
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Ա߽ľָߴÿʱÿ̶컯޴񾩳ǡ
ڣŨܣرԴΪ
·Ȼ״̬ҺתӨӨϹ⡣
Ԩϥԣϸ֪·Ҳ΢ͥţ
ԨաʰԡĺطݻأһǰķԴء
ԴأڡʰԡĽУڣݻữΪһ籾Դ
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Ԩξѵģ塣
һ
ԨԺһͷòһòݣ
ͬʱԨʱԪֻģʽüһ⸡֣ɲǼʧԭء


355 
Į֮
ޱߡ
񳯽֮Ϊһڤʼݻ
ﳯ
˼ͬ
Į֮вڤ紵麣嫺
Ũڤʱ޿̲ǣڤڤй˵أĮ֮ɳ
ڤ֮ʱУ˿˿ʣ
ħɷ֮ʱһ˿˿ħڤڤգӿĮ֮ֻ麣֮䰲ƣڤפأħΨֱ˷֣ڲڤеĵڤ󣬶ʱ˿˿ƴ֮תĮ֮Աߡ
ߣڤڸסĮ֮Ĵڣʣ嫡
⣬һźսѲߣһħתʱûһѲս֮Уһս꣬մ֮ϡ
ţ
Į֮ڲĮ֮Դ䰲޶ЩѪĿĮ֮ϣĿй硣
еأ޶Ѫ
Ѫʾжߡ
ѵ˷Į֮Ĵڡ
䰲ߣŲɲʱ̤Į֮ѲһΧֻǲ
ٴ飬Ȼһⷴ䰲Ӳ
ֻʱûҵԴͷ޷ЧӦԡ

κ磬
Ԫ
ԺڣոԪȻæµڶۿʼˮǰȥɽ´Ūׯڡ
Ҳһֵӽ·ȦڣʼιȦڵ֡
Ԫڴ븮Ҳǰţǧô˳ҪʳǸ֡
ŵĵϰ䣬ǻѪ
Ҫ󲹵ʳ
ԪڲܽȫЩɿİᣬϡ
ԪڷչԼ֣ǱȻġ
УоԪʮֵͶޣЩ޴󲿷ǻ޵ĺᣬ̺ѪǿʤѱѪ̺ŲٵѪ
ԱߵɽʯСڣ߰˸ʱٽصɽǰС
ͰڲǼ򵥵ϣ̺һҩĵҩţǸ޳Եġ
𣡣
ڣһЩŵζ̲סޱȵ޺ǹţĽǹǵеһţѪʢöѪȻζѣѪ䲻Ϊ֣ŵӵ
ǰǺţǰһλ˱䣬æߴˣٿ㣬Щţײʯܳҿûִ½
³۵Ĵߴ٣漸Ͱʱͷһ𣬲Ըæӿ˽Ų
·ҲУԽ˽ٽͰǰʦֽŲֻǱƽȵۣ»Щؿ
Ϊ׵Աˣϵޣе̸֡
·˽ŲЩζ಻ȣʱüͷЩģֻ˵
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βæһֻǿֻ󰾹ʱ䡣
ĵӰ߹³ϵΪ۵һ˿̾Ϣ֮ɫ
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ϣ߰˸۵ӣÿҪʮ˲꣬νӷæҹ
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³۲ɫŵ⼸۵ӡ
ԪԺĵӣȻǸǣԵ֮˵ԣֻҪиµۣмֻԺԪԺ
۵ϰĹͬһȭȭ
ȭھԪǻȭҲ͸ҪȭȭڹڶȭУϳȭ
гɣԿĥƤ޳
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ȭչ¶ϣ˴󲿷ֶֻ֪һӡ
ʱĿɨ·֮ʱ³Ϊһע⵽ŻӶȭ𽥵ȭӼȣһ衣
һȺڣȺѪͨȭӶЩ۵ļ
Ҳû³ãֻһеԵѰ۰ˡ
ʱ·ϣһޱȵľ׹֮ڣԨ𽥸յϤΣЩΡ
Ǹľͷ
ԨԪɨľ׹һö֮ڡ
ԨԪģԻ
ֻ֣״̬
ֻģʽԨĲˣֻ״̬ǿûģʱлֻ״̬лر彵١
Ҳζţһνȫʧܣڰ֮ڣ֮ڡ
ͬʱԨҲԪΧοֻģʽֻ֮ģʽֱӽĳǧ֮ڡ
ǧЩ죬ؼĲ֮ǰӴ
׼ȷ˵ǵνǾǶɸѡˡ
ԭʼ
ԨѲһˣһֱũҳϣԨһֱСĹ۲졣
ӦҲͥϽµһǧ磬ͥΰƱˣΪ۲˺ܾãȻͥoڵĺۼƩԨ˵ĳЩֻ𣬲oڡ
е·񻹱ΪŤˡ
ȻԨڹ۲ĵط࣬ʱ޷иȷжϡ
ΣҪͷľ̳
ԨĿ·ϣ·ʱչ¶ĸǣԶµȣڱҲգΨһɵճҲϼѡ
ҲСֹۣ´
ԨƲģڻӶȭ·Ԩͷ֮С
·ҵһʵĵطþѿ
һʮǿ
ǳľ֣ܹǹ⣬ܹԪ飬ԪʵǾױԴŸԴ
ԨҪ跨༶ģǳ
ǳе֣ǶԪ飬Ȼʵ٣ȫľԴ
Ԩܿһεܳɹǳģ壬ܽǱԴϿɣ۳ߵȽ׵Ȩ
΢۾ȨУΪҪһȨȨ֮ڡ
ԨҲԽ˻ᣬɵиһ
⣬ֻģʽиҪһ塣
ľϾɼĴڣܹþ³ɳ֤һνɣ֤͵Ļۣô
ôڶ࣬ɵһǸ⣡
ԨĿ·ϣë»ֻܳϣΨкױǰСӡ


356 ٳ
·ʱֻоʱת
ڶ̶̵һٶ

һȭһ
ȭ͸ζܹ˳ĥƤ
һĥƤ뾢ҪѪӯҪ
ʳѡ
·ֻȫԺ͹ˣ˷ܲѡ
ֻҪѪ⣬ʵ·ͷ۲ѡ
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չչ¶Ŀ⣬γһʵ⵲סޣ񾵽Ȼ˺Χƹ⣬ǿϾ˵һȻʧ
ԨûҪںҽɽ֡
ʱ
ʱһɣ鷳Ҳš
ţ
۵һǵһŵĽâǽâݹ֮죬˺գҲ׷֮
۵˽˽ޣʵڳ֮⣬ɿ͵Ϯǵû˵ԷöԷѡ
ؼԷϳֵ澵ӣ
ǿһǿ
oϣ
ֻƳκ̫
룬۵˷˺ߣ̫ǰ̫֮ʹ˳
ݱ仯ƲһۻΪ׵ص칬ַһ˿֣һҲʧ칬С


365 ǳֽ
ɽ
΢΢γھ֮ϡ
Ԩץŵ֮ϡ
תԨִԨ˫תԿתЩ䲻»ֻҪ΢һЩۣͿԸĶЩԪ
һҲ㲻ļء
ִ˾ȨoͨЩɵ˥
˾ϣõ˼֡
սЩ
Ԩͷҡͷ
ⲻ˵Ϊý飬ʩչ
Ϊý飬ʩչͨ϶Ǽǿġ
Ҫǲս
ǸԵһϼѵĸֵһЩս֮ϡ
Ԩαֵѷɫеչ񾵡
ԨĿھǰ
Ŀ·ںʥɽ˾ͽɴս
˾ͽΪԪˣĤڣ޵⣬һԪŸѿԷ塣
ǿԶʤߡ
˾ͽǿҩɽףⲻ⣬ҲѰǿܶԿ
·ҲѰߡ
ϣƿƿɲ߸һ۳Ԫš
ֻ·һֱסͻƵѡ˼ۡ
иġҰġ
лԵżȻһӦͼ
̺һ̫Ӧ裡
򷢾ϣڲߵĸϣ߸ɱΪӦ
꣬·һԲΪɹ޳Ӧͼ
Ĥ֮ʱֳ࣡
ƾۣ˾ͽǿĵ֮Ҳû·ɱ
Ƿ˼顣
Ԫ˻һλߵĤ̫ں
ǰ
ΪƵʹ˾ͽԪźǺ·ûռϷ硣
·ץסᣬ۶˾ͽɵĻ𷨣ǿצ˾ͽɵࡣ
һ˻ɱ
ɾ
սνԻޱȡ
λߺһλԪ˵Χɱǿк˹ΪԪ˵˾ͽɡ
ʣµλ߼ҲǴʧɫ
·չ¶ľֱޱߣϢԴԴϡ
ֻǴʱλҲӲˣҪô·شҪô·Ծ綾ԡ
˵ģŵλȫж֮󣬱·˳ֻС
жҪء
·Щҽϵ
ֻ˾ͽɵ֮󣬾ԺеԨǰڰ׶תͻȻһ뷨
ҪҪһԣ
Ԩһ˾ͽɵ֡
ֻء
˾ͽɣʥɽغԺԺϣ𹦣Ĳ㣩ʮ꣨ɫ״̬
ԪھԺ·֮֡
滹һƽܣ˾ͽʥɽԺԺȨУƷűǲǡ
˾ͽҪеľʯΪӣػʥɽ
Ԩһɨ˫üһ֮ɫ֣һתʱ˾ͽɵ״̬ȥԪʮĳʮ
ʱʬڵϣԾɴŲ֮ɫ˾ͽؿڴ󶴾ɼٶֺϣһ컯Χȡ˾ͽڣ۾»λƵվ
ҾȻû
ⶼ
·׼ǰɨսʣλжߣնݳƼһĻʱŲһͣݹŹ֡
λϲ
󲻹鷳һЩٴһΣ
·ڵһʱ䷴Ӧɾâתʱʳצݺݳ˾ͽɵԴ
˾ͽҲ˲þ죬æٴʹ±óӯԪţ·ȭŽ档
ɽĿ˾ͽ¸Ԩüͷʱһ壬Ƭĥһ֣һ˿޵նԪԪ
ԾƳԪֱܵ仯Ԩһ˿ʣתת⽫ĥ
ԨҡҡͷҲķɣ˥֮ӣ
Ȼת֮£漰ޱȵ
ƽ⡣
ֻԱ߻ڳԹϵλǿߣԨָٴι
ݣңʿ꣬Ԫսᣡ
ԨһֽλԪֻϿգһ縡֣ɨʱλжߵԪոϡ
λ߶ʱ˫Բֱͦͦڵϡ
Ϣ
Ԩһϸ֪ڱ仯ոλߵԪֻǺһ֮Ⲣʧ
ûнԼ¡
ǲ˵ԺԴΪý飬Ϣɱκδڡ
Ԩֱ仯۵һ˿ɫ֣ת˲ҡҡͷĺܣʵҲֻǸ޷ȫ
˵ͻ޴鷳
·ڷܶƾŻӲޱȵۣԼ೤Ӳٴκ˾ͽɡ
ҲƳֵĴۡ
ȻЩԪƾžϳľֱ·ۿɼٶȻظ
ɱ˾ͽ֮·δɣæǰ˾ͽʬ𼣣֮󣬼˾ͽûվ˿
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ڹΧʧͨζžʧȥ
Ұд̫⣬ǿȻڻҰǰԱҲһʧ
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·ͻԼ³й¶Ϊ衡
Щ̬һֱʥɽڵλԪ֮ҡڣ˭ĺô࣬˭
϶λͬʦֶɵģҽΪС
ֿܣ·̡
Ԫڲʧ
¹ؾټ
ҹ̽һʱ䣬衵ȷʥɽ֮Щ·ܹ̣ʱ˸ó衳ʧ١
ݵؽͻ
ʥɽǿ˾ͽʧǾԪʧڹΧһС¡
ڵǿ߹ҪˣΪΧֻйһλԪˡ
֪սҪԶԶǿ˾ͽɡ
·϶Щϵǹ֮£λԪ˵Ĵڡ
ֵһǣھԪʧٺ·ûԪ֮λǺڶԺ׹ƣƾ˸ɽԺԺ֣˾Ԫ
̬ˮ˼ԴмʮЯ֮Ҳڶӱ̬ȣ衵ʧ·ûʲôϵ
ϵ̬ȣʵ·ֻںν
Ҫ⣬תһϻɵĿ⡣
˾ͽһʥɽ϶ŭǿǰ飬·Ҫʱ䣬ɽԺԺ֣λǿʱΪӮһЩͻƵʱ䡣
ֻҪͻԪˣ·зӦʥɽѹ
оŸ̺žصͨͻԪ֮󣬾ͿԽɾŸУǴ̥ǣ޳

·ԨֱԼļƻ֮ʱ
ݵؽݣ̩ĸڣһڵڣ޽Ρ룬ֺꡣ
Ԫ̩ɽϣһ󣬸ʵĵ
Ǵţڵܶ档
һԺУ峿ĳڶԺӴиԵľ߳һС
һλڴɨԺԺȴһĿע⵽Ĵ£Ҷɨɾ¶һƷһǣȵΧʱСɨǳǳ㣬һڽ̳
ڽ̳˺ɫ·һʵ޻ĵڰС

ĿһСڳ˸ط
ֻμ̳ʱȴһħȻԺӵڡ


ԨȻеУɾ󣬾ǧ֮ӵ츳˳ԨھžǱԪ黯ʱȥһһ˳
ؼʱ̵ˣҪǧ֮ӵݣǺһΪ֣ǳ


366 ͻ
ǳԨȷ
Ծǧ֮ΪرԴ
ֻɣʵҪʱ伫
Դǧ֮ӵݣҪ㹻رԴȻҪΪλʱ䡣
Ԩ룬һʼرԴǶֻǶ۳ɹܽ֡
ֱȻȹޱȣżȱݡ
κУЩǳԴԱסһЩ̫ǳԴ޷۳Ρ
Ԫ黯žЯľױԴӡӡΡ
ǵžԴ츳ͨƾڤڤ̫ǱԴûʮ
ֽԨ̫ˡ
Ԩֻһ򣬴һʺֵĵطʼ
ԨǶԪ黯ԳΣ˶Σ΢ͥΪ΢֮ͥϾԪ飬ݻǶһǰǧȺǶɷ֮ɽ
κûγ㹻ǣǳǺڶǳ̺㹻ҲܼйǳĴ
Դǧ֮ӵڶǳ֮ԣѡ
ֻҪ˳ǳܣǶԪ黯Ҳһġ
һҪ۳ޱȵǶ
ա
߽ǶԪ黯ɹǳһĵǳҲ˶Ϊ̬
ǶڵǳܣȻɽҲɾ磬ǳ״̬мġ
ԨǹǾúһֱȽʺ
ʮʱ̫֪ش֮󣬹˶ãʲô顣
ȻԨʹס񳯲⣡
Ԫռ䡣
¶˾ģԨٻ΢ͥ
޾ϹԪŵ滯УѹŹӣԨͷһ߳һΡޱߵĵ۾Ӱ
۾ΧϹŨǳۻʣһǳ׵Ȩ
΢۾
۾΢ͥͨĺڡ
䣬ƬԪռ΢ͥӰںһ̾ϾɫȻΪƬ硣
ԨƬ̼䣬ֻԪ΢΢𵴣ǳ֮Ԫ𵴿ǰ̫ܵ΢ǱԴĳԴУһسʼĹ⻺иա
ֻأԳ֣ʱ΢֮ͥڡ
΢ͥ۶ɵȪ⡣
ԨĿһĻ֪Ҫ۳Ҫһʱ䣬ҪǶ֮ࡣ
ǳڶڵıԴƬ
ԨԲƬԪռڶȺǶɷһһڿռڵ֮ʱǳ֮ʱ
ԪռڣԨ׼ɱ䡣
ɽ֮һ΢仯
СԺľԽߴ󣬻˵ƤϿʼճǶۼ
ɸߣʮɸߣֻһ¼ͳ˰ɸߡ
һǶ͵컻գסֻͱ¶ˡ
ڼ䣬·ȻҲ˾ľ޴仯һʱĪ
Ұڣͬ־סʧˡ
ֻƾ֮ĪӦǿ
ߴˣ
ڱβ񷣡
Ÿ֦ſˣǧ֦Ҷ
ɱ˴ɫ֦ȴɫΪء
Щ֦ƶӦŲǳޡ
İ䡣
ؼһְڳκ籾Դ֣ıԴóκڰԹɲѡ
ЩǿڸԶͨţȴ޷׷ݵԴͷ
Ǵǧ֮ӣҪ׷ٵôס
˵λ۵Ԫ飬ͨ΢ʰԡԼһѧط
ɱ̫ɡ
Ψһǵǣǳ֮֮ʱرԴβסף

µʱ䣬Ԫ
·ѾͻԪ
ӦΪڣ·ͻƵʵԶ˾ͽҩͻƵԪ֮ϡ
֮ɻ
̤أԴԴΪԪ۶˾ͽĵؼܱ⡣
ں͹ǿ·ü֣Ͼеڵϳ˸ط
ڵϳ˸طĻޣȻҲмǿ
Ԫڣʱƽ˾µʱ䣬ʥɽ滹û
Ͼ֮ԶʥɽҪҲҪʱ䡣
ǲǿҲҪá
·һʱ²֣ϸǺǰ̡
ֻڳ֮·һЩϢ
ʱЩ۷׷ס
ຣЩƽ
һЩຣݵ̶ӴϢຣݷһ¡
ຣݳһЩЩֲޱȣոճ־ͻһسǣѪһ飬λ˶ȫ׷
·ֻΪЩ⣬ؼѳƵʱһͷǿĻ֮һسҲûй
ھɽϣԨϢȴЩü
ܸоһΣС
Щ
Щҵɷħĳ򣬿»Ӱ쵽ļƻ
ʱǳ֣ԨҲѾˣǵĹﶼˣЩѾγһģ
ֻܿκıǿֹ
ҲϾˣ֮ǽǳǳɹǻ˵


367 ħ٣
ຣݣ䰲ء
ѾΪһƬµķ档
׵İҲãΪƶѪɫĿֲϤΪһļž
һλλۼʽװڵӱŵ·󣬼ŷеĺۼƬڶ䰲ʮֵֽϻϡ
ϣκλڣ
κλڣ
һλλӱȭرʮֵֽһλ׵ĸߴΪ仯
ѾǵڶΪճسǡ
ı仯̫ھˡ
˰һ
ֶǣȫ̸Ŀֲ飬ǵһνӴڵżУҲǿٵĻ֮޳ǵĴ¼
Ҫôĳа︴գһذա
ôЩڣǰȫϤʧµפ㡣
̫ˣ쵽ͷĵز
ϣỹЩֻ֣޷ȷ
ʱԱ߸ոһλΪЩɡ
λ괩źɫףصĹɫǻҺɫģ˫ƽˮ
ޣлֱ˵޷ϲ㣡
Ʋһλߡ
Ӧ֪ӾϹ칬תķˮ֮ۼսʶԶԶȲʦֵܡ
üͷ˵ֱ˵ɣ㷢ʲô
һŰɫüͷֱںֱ˵
䰲أ֪䰲ΧԪ仯䰲ΧķˮЩ仯ƱΪŲֻǵӹǳԷˮ֮ѧоʱ֮ڿκζߣ
˳˼˫Ŀ˸
оĶ߶߶ģȻǲмһˣǰ䰲صı仯ȷЩ죬һܷһЩʲô
Ǹһ֧ԮҪãи
˵죡
Ǻã͸ʱ䣡
˵ͷİ壬һ˸ޣǴŵȥ׼Ÿ


ʼʵղ¥ϣƸոչ֮꣬һɼǿĻֺϣУһ˵ɢһʡ
ؼǿգ
˷Żر֮ʱɳ߰˲ǿҲѾ½ء
ܵϢֹۡ
سǣຣݻĸʲôֲˣͬٴȫʧ
֮һλգӢ˿˵
ϱɽ˰ɣСܻɣ칬ո龫ǸһַȻһαȼеЩӸɴ࣬Ҳ˵ǵײԶҵܹѹƣǿ߸Ԥ
ǿԾ㶼£ǲδڣֻǵȴղ¥ľϣҲǵ˼
ղ¥üͷϱˣ⻹Ҫ˳鷳ⲻˡ
ͷҪϼү
ϱǺʵģмصδУЩúɵʧԶӦʹĸ
Ǿϱˣ
ղ¥¶˾ģͬʱǿ߾־䣬ֹţɣû١

·ڹУԪ˺󣬺бüࡣ
Ԫ֮󣬺ҪԪУ޳ɾſԪţԪŸ
ԪŸ·еĲԪԪ֮ĴڣΪӵŷǷ
޳ɣѲܹʹͼЯһֵڵĸϸһִƷԪת䣬ܡ
ǳɹ۳֣Ǳ൱񻰡
ִڳ֮Ϊ
ΪϵУҲǶǿߣǽoĴڡ
һЩǿѿԵֵһЩ칬oɱֶΣڵһʱ䡣
ҲЩϸ֣ϸ·ҲЩǴӹͳĸɻ
ٽһǳκеɡ
ǴЩŴģǳκе񻰣ڶҲֻ˵ǵĴڣеһδ
·̤Ԫ˾磬ǿһ˿ɷɵϣ
ԪѰ߻øãٶһԪֱ仯߿ġ
·һ˼УǿʵҲû跨ʥɽĶ
ͨ;ʥɽϢʱȴ˸йຣݵĴ䡣
ຣڶϢ˹
ຣڰ֮ѿʼãɽ˵ǿ߽١
ɽˣڶγɵĳ֯ĴţϯλֻǼϯλ
ȲʥɽĵؼڵӰ
Ľ׻֣ܹƼţӵλԪߡ
Ԫڣʱ˵ǿƼŵĴš
һӵһλš
ھǴš
ʵϴӵеŲңڵǿ
ʥɽĵؼţʵӦó֡
ɽ°ٹУֻǸ۵ӵŵؼʸʵںĺܡ
ؼŵʸ·Ҳ˽һƺҪһЩϸ־ļǿţܽ
켶ţ·ªţҲû˵켶ӵӦǳκĶ롣
ΣȻ֣Щ·
·˵ĳ֣ڱף˵ǿʥɽע⣬ΪӮòʱ䡣
ຣеĶң·Ҳģǿ֣߳ӦܺܿƽϢҡ
ݵؽ磬ǿҲǳź·һ̬ȡ
ʵҲˣ˵ʹһ֮ҵһͷ䣬ԾԵƣ֮ɱ
ٴҵһͷһۺɡ
֮һຣݳװ
ڶһʱ䶼˿ȻѾʹҲΪ
͵ʱڽ֮ڣֽƵ¼ݸ⵽ĳ
ٴɳʹϵطæھȻ֮£ѳɼˣ
һݳϿճһ޴ѷ죬̼䣬ݸȫݡ
ؼƳһƬ۶ξ˳˷
һĹȻѷӿ˷ȥ
Сģħڶʱ֮ڽˣ
֮СģħݣΪֻµһ
ĺӴܣٴڹŰһƬƬõ棬˵ǿĴȻҲæ

ɽ
ɽڶѾҳһţĻ̡̻
µŹɳǳصϢĩյڹΧ
޿ɶ㣬Ա⡣
ھɽԪռУԨҲؼ侪䣬Ϊǧ֮ӣȺħ֣һ˿ڡڴϣԨܲĿŭ
ͬʱλǧ֮ӣõؾڶʱ֮ڴرԴۣı仯ԨҪɵĻۣڶʱ֮ڵõ㡣
ʱѾǧߴ󣬱ɣǸߴ֧֮Ų񷣬ǧ֦ɢŨޱȵĹ⻪
Ԫռڣǿ󣬳ǳԴ
۵һǸ֪Ԫռڣǳκ־ı겻Ԩҡҡͷ
̶ֳֻܵˣ뿪ʼˡ
ע⵽ѾСħຣݵؽʼӰݵؽ硣


368 ֤Ƕ
Ԫռ
Ȫһ׳һ̶ȡ
ǳԺ֮
һںɳٵǳԴԾ𵴡
ԨĿһĨϣһתʱԪ䡣
Ԫں֮ʱԨʱоһ̿ʼԪռڣһǳձͨɲǼԪռʱӶֳһԶǳͨ
Щǳͨ棬ȵǳԴ
ǧȺǶɷԴܿƵĳžӿ
ǻ˺ĵУԨ򲻸ôģǧȺǶɷ󲿷λҵмǿλǾɣƾžܸ֮ѹסλԪ鶼һʱ䱻Ԫ顣
κȻ
칬Ⱥ䣬굮ҪôˣҪôشǳ֮ڳ˯ų֮׵Ľ鸮ԴС
̫ǾǱʬΡ
޼ɵͨǧȺǶɷǹⱾԴ
һ̣һȣԭſ
ϿգһӴʱβס
ֻϿպҹƱɫǹơ
ؼ뱻һǣ֮
ԴΪģʵʵǹ⻷Ŵת
Щ޴ǹγʵʵĹҪԻ
̫ˣ
ԪУԨںһ̺Ų𴫳е⣬ڴ˿ͬʵʣɫۣǧǳʼ档
㱩ǣת˲Ѿ֮ǰ̤һȫ򣬳Ƕʵϵִߡ
ƳͷۺǹףԼκ磬޾̫ǳԴ֮ĹԨѹסֹ
̫ˡ
ǧǳǹɢγɵǹעİնԣ֡
⻹ʱ
µףԨֱˡ
´ǧ֮ӽ
Хһľ⣬ϯ֮䣬ƹǾǧɸߴľͻɣȻ
ؼһƢĻǧ֦𽥳ɣҡҷ
ؼһɫĻ㡣
ЩɫĻ㣬̺Ŷص컯ϯ֮أڶջ޴
Ƶİգõ⻨⣬ʱƿʼ޸
ûƣꡣ
Ļڶߣɫ꣬ʱȫͬŨ쾫Уʣܵơ
ҲǴǧ֮ӽһ޴
ҲǾ֮١
ؼǳһϫҲڻϯǧ籾Դ
ͽˡ
ԪռڣԨһŹ֣ʱԴ죬ǳȨΰԪΧ΢ͥڣǧǳӰ֣΢ͥ·ΪޱǹӰֲӼ䡣
ʱܹо·˳κŦܹؼǧǳȨ
ٶǳ
ûκǿǴ׽٣
ҲҪһĵһԭıԴ
ֲĽлҪ򵥵Ķࡣ
ֻҪһ·㹻ĴСɽ
ǽɵԵʣ΢۾ִرԴĳ̶ֳȺǳߵǳ֮ͬ
΢۾ȨĴڲȫǳյһȨͲҪٷķؿıԴȥԴйǳ֮·ȱݣ
֮ŵĽӦò޼գֻǱǳıֱӳŹˡ
ԨĿǶâת
ǳɲǼƳ֧Ųĳ̶ֳκһִǧ־ϵΪһ塣
Ԩһ˳κرԴĸо
ʱǳƣǡ
ϼͬ޺硣
ؼ
ޱľ֮ľڵҲؼϢš
ǳڸϲѷɫڽľ֡
֣ͬΪľ֮ߡ
رԴһЩǰδеףЩԨйأȻĨ
֣ǳ֮ʣκһЩΪ񻰵ǿ౻
һڿԴͷ
赲ǵĿ⡣
ǿ֧Ųľ޴ǳȻʶľǿ˾ļֵ
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ΪǳǳҡҷľȻӡ
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Ǹܵǰδе𶯡
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ɸߴǳԪռУԨ¸о˽ɾӦ
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ӴԪУһҵɷĳΧǶǳ֦ˢǳ⣬ֱӽЩҵɷΪ촷ۡ
ڻɱЩҵɷ֮ԨĶʱʼ˾
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ԨȴЩ⡣
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ÿһλĳ֣΢ͥԣҲһ־޴

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370 ǧ֮λ

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371 Ϊض
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372 ĳ

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373 
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374 
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376 ϵ״̬۾
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ǳһȫµͥ磬ֺޱȣ߾ϡ
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ʱ콵ףŨޱȵ⼸ٲ
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ʵڳκڶУۼ߳Ǭ̫Ĳˡ
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Ǭ̫򸾼Ԩ٣ǰ񣬽λӭ칬֮ڡ
Ԩ䳩̸һ֮ȥ

ԨʱʵѾȥ֮⣬ڳκеĿʵ֡
Ϊ˳װǬ̫ȹ칬ȺԨȻ˽ʮꡣ
ʱ䣬Ԩһֱ칬ͬʱκǧԴֱ۵ĲԨԣǻ൱ѵá
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ʮʱ䣬κİնԣһ
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378 
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һǳԪǹ⣬Ȼһеķš
Ϊ΢۾֮ʩʢǳ֮ıְ
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֮һʰķ
·֮⣬ֻĺյ
·ΪǷԵ֡
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Ҳһɫˣ΢һЩһЩ⡣
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ԸʦǼӿٶȡ
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һ΢ѷɫϹźĵǧ磬ĴǧͨҲԴ硣
ĵȻģ̺ڶ컯ԴԽƶĺģЩǿ
һԴ磬ʮַģ
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380 
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΢
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Ѿ˴񱱱ߵһݸ긮
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˻˵һǴ긮ѹγġöǱװϳ񾩣ЩеĹˡ
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ˣһѺҪСģ
аȴ벻⣺죬ǰôΣҶܰȻܿħ˾飬һҲһЩoѲɭϣʵŲС©
ǽΪãϾǴε۾΢Ǿ˭֪ʲô
аԣǺЦ΢ǾΣֻһǾˣ
ֻ˳ٻİ֣˷ҵȵֳ´񣡡
Ԩ
ֵֻЩɹʿҲҪżǵĳֻСһ׮Щ°ߵĹŮڹƴ֮ǻû𣿡
֮ҲԴ°һЩϹŮϾЩŮҪĶ࣡


381 ɣĸ
ԨĿʿ̸˵ء
ԨйСӵϢ
Ԫӹʿȡ˵һת˲Ԩ۵Ȼ
Ԩⷢһ顣
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˳ո˱ƬɽеռҲΪ١
Ԩر⡣
Ѿ񳯣ǵ֣
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ξϰĴԸȴϵʵ֡
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Ź֮սʱûʱһЩаħĲһħţڴɹ긮˿ڣһЩս߲ɹʿȫЩ˳ûߡ
³Զ
λʿѰаħŸβΪ֪ܡ
ײһĴ㡭
ԨջĿ⣬ֻЩһ΢ɲӡһŴ񳯵ķ򷵻ء

񾩣ͨ콨ľͨеһϣǱĬĸ񾩣Ϊһеçǡ
ۼصϵŨ̶ȣ𶫻ʮǰһЩȻ
ֻǿЩ춴죬ֻΪ񳬶ʱ̫̣ٹһʱ䣬ؽԽЩ츣أγһͥ
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˰֮⣬һλŮ񣬰еһλĴѪϷˡ
λŮֻҲһλɡ
ǴѪϷˣԨֻһ棬ϼһԳԼƽƽֻǷϵġ
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ܹںŹʲô򵥵
ʱûϳǳĸţֻֽ֮Ͱλһǿߣȴ΢һ䣬ȻֻɨһۣСľģôǷһ
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λһǿͷ𶯡
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ǳֻçĴŵгֹǷŴռδҵ䣬ȻλүУ
ʹش󰡡
ʹشĺطǳУڶിѪÿÿطҲǴͷۣǳǱá
Щ컯ģѹʱҲ˿λ΢Ǿ֮󣬵һʱѡ¼ޣ
λŮɲ뷨
ǳطǣڵϹź
ǳ˵ûܽȺǣȶĸΰҵ
λһǿ۵ģ񻰴˵ǳϹеϹ컯ǳȺǣԴı֮ĸҵλ
λϹѾĸҵλкطδ˵Ҳһ


382 õ
巵ڣ´һٲһס
Ʃ֮µϸڣг֮ϷĴСС顣
ȥ꣬񳯵׷˲С仯ԨҪմ֣Ԩ֣ճѳ߻򣬳Ұ±ľ
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˻ӡ֤һ֮󣬸֪Ԫı仯Ԩ̾Ĵڳ֮ϣ
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ˮɫдʱЩ֡
һףѾ֪Ԩʧʱȥ˺δ
Ԩ΢۾µĿ飬ȥǧ
ģ飬Ԩһ˵
ûнģʵ֪ԨЩ˽ģ
ǶԼıҲǶı
֮䣬ҲиԵܣԼĿռ䣬ֻҪǶĻԱѣԨΪǿӵеġ
һظУĳ̶ֳȻ˫ĸ顣
ԨĽУǳǶԴҲǴǧС
ԨЦҡҡͷ˵⵹˵ЦѵûзԼϵı仯ϵˮԴڲϱ㽵Ľı֣
һ㶣ǣΪϹˮ֮
Ԩҡҡͷ˵ˮҲӴȷԼˮ飬ĸţ޷Ԫģ
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Ԩֺ֮ǺǵģãܹĥģԨġ
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ڳõдСС񣬷סˮԴӰ죬ĳ̶ֳҲӵһĻᡣ
⣬֮͢ºεȷӣҲͺطУϡ
ڼǳԴѹЧٲеĺ󳾡
ԨͷţҲΪıһ
ȻԨϣԼ죬ΪʹܳĹʷ˴ţκνѡ

˽һǧԨڴǧе־Ҳ̾ѡ
ޱȵ洫
ΪԨеˡ
洫Ĳȫ佫ʵҲһ
Ԩἰɡʰԡطвʼ֮ҵλλԼʮУⲻĽ
ѹֱ±ƶһ⣡
ἰԨĿ죺οġ
ԨǵãոռʱƶⲻͷЩɻ
ǿʱҲֻһλɾ˰ǽɾ硣
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ħҺһεɰɡ
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385 麣ظȨ
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֮ΪһһԻ۶
Ԫᣬγ۶ס
ÿλɵЩĲͬ


387 ƹ⣬
Ԩ۵Ƕɫġ
ԨĿǰΪɫҼ΢۾֮·ΪԻΪɫ
麣ϣʱЯ˾Ȩ˶̤麣ʱһڤ
ǹƵޱȣͬƿգ麣Ͽա
ֻɨһۣǾ۽磬Ҳоһ˿̾
Լҵ۾ȷǿٳһظĳΡ
ԡ
ȥؼޱߵڤ֮ת麣һڤ֮ݻ޴С
ֻѾͨˣ
һɱ֮츣ظŨĴ麣Դ֣Ѿ˶츣صķ顣
ڸԶĵطΧ˲ţ麣Եݻγϡ
ǾҲ۽ģһڽΡ
ؼʻֻۣȨһͱȻǿ̩ɽظһ㣬ָһܵظֻȨ
ǾĿʱһ˿£ԭǵظļߣʵǶôϡһظĵ۾ҵ
Ϊ˾۾ҵѾֿɵá
ⷽ麣ظ֮Ǿһ¡
Ƭ麣֮Щ˼ܵظֻҲؼڤ֮иȺֻ֣֮γ֮󣬲ؼڤţ˴ȴ෴ڤۣٽһµֻصظ
Ǿͷ⣬ϿգҲǽظֻغġ
ǾһȽĵط
ڤѪ
ͥ˵УظһԹʹڵѪʱ޿ؼۻ׳
麣ĳЩʺѪࡣ
麣ܹΪһƬѪ⴦漴ĶС͵ظʹпΪ֮
ת麣۾ӡȾ֪麣ظĵϣָ֪컯ĻԵǼѵõġ

麣УԨϥ麣ϣ澲ɵظԪԪУԪԡ
һĴ׳
ͬһö䶯ӣرԴ̥ѿ
֡ѿֻԨĳ֡о
ԨУ޸
޸ޣѻͼգȴм컯¯
ˣշ̫ޣ
ϸϸڤڤɹ̫ޣ춴һƬͬΪ磬нһת
ֻԨԻΪһ˼ĵС֦ǳ
ͷԪᣬŴƬƹ⣬ƹ޸֡
ԨʱһԪʹᣬһǳ̣δֻǬ֮·
΢۾λλ壬һǬ
һ·ߵףٸĳĻԵȻֻֻأת
Ԩ鲻䣬¶˾ģȻԪļޱȡ
У麣ظ͵ٶȺܿ죬Դȫбӿٶȴܱɽޱڤ
ٿ죬ҲҪʮʱ䡣
⵽ײʲôѰӣʱ֮ܳ졣
麣ȶһʱ֮ڣԨ㽫иħ˾ٵħ麣
ԨĴҪ
麣ȻؼйټϷǿڰп⡣
֮Ԩټ͢ƣһʮķչơ
һǽĴѧԺʢ̻
Ǵ񳯵ǿʢĸ
Ѿӵзţзţʱ
޽ѧԺܿڳ͢Ⱥ֮õͨ
ƵУس֮õ顣
ֻǽѧԺһ
䣬ټ̫ڵļԶһسٿ佫Ϊ佫ǶҵԴͷ
ֻԨ֣ڳ޷Ҳֻűˡ
һڶ佫ȻǴϲ
ɵ·䣬ڶ佫ԣһͨ
֮󣬱ʿѳĶڱơ
ڶ佫һͨߣں˲У·ߣֻĿԪš
Ϊ˱Ĵ֣Ԩ񾩽ͨѧԺԼѧԺԺʦ첨ΪԺÿѡйӵš
棬ԨûţԨŵħ˾ﵥ죬趨ϵ
ƽټ֮ǰеԺε˲Ŵƻ𽥽졣
ͥǰδлֺ룬Ƶ
տգѹɽ𢣬γһƬͥ
θȹ̣ؽȡԨλ۾ȻҲǳÿʱÿ̴֮
һգԨһϵɣȻУһʱĿ
ͷԪںϣĴƹУһɫǶʼš
һ̬ԼԼһƬƬӨ޵ҶɣÿһƬŨޱȵϡ
֪ǺεƷʣ
ԨʱԪӳգͷ²⣡


388 Ϳ
ɾڵҲһЩϸ»֡
ÿһƷн̡
ʱΪƷƷ̫Ʒ
ȶӡƷƷƷ
ƷƷͣҲȡ
ƷƷƷ
̫ƷȻǻʾƷ
òʦһֹΪƷϻƷƷ
ƷӦƷ
ϻƷӦƷ
ƷǶӦƷ
ƷǴƷǱ
ߵǴƷ
Ʒ˵ӵд֮ˣӵһ˿Ϊ޵ĿܣҪɣ̸ǿ
ԻǾԵģΪǿԵģֻҪгһն򣬻ǸƣܺܿƷʡ
һԣոõԪ󲿷ֽɻỨƷƷҡ
ĵȷȷ̤ɵڶõԪ
ҲмƷ֮¡
Ʒ֮µĽɣǱѾ˿ݽߡ
ִٽһ֤͵Ļ١
Ϊ覴ãǺ޲ɡ
ƷԼƷϣ˵ǸЩ覴ãͨʱˮĥҲɽɾС
Ǹ覵ĽָΣ
ֽɿѡһʱֻ֮УȫӡԪ飬
ַӡԪΰֻأΪһͨˣȻ϶ǼյģһСģҲᱻֻȫĥԴԶٲѡ
Ҳеùģаס˻ᣬûɱˡ
Ҳû¹ϣɶЩѣ򱳾ֻ֮ǰһδǱƣʱһЩ

ڣԨ²һ俪ӦƷϡ
Ȼɵʱ̫̣Щݾγɵɣϸ;
ԨȻҲûЩؼЩǿçħһһͻֱǻƷľ˵ֻ̣һƷˡ
ƷѾƣƷ
תƹ𵴣ԨһǶϣһۣת˲ڵҶϹճޱһơ
ģԨˣǴ΢۾Ȩһơ
ŵڶ֣֮롣
ڵڶ۳֣ԨʱɫһֻйһʱǻǶȫ
ǻǶΧһɵڻ̧ۣԨоԶԶûޡ
ŵ֣֮ٽ
Ԩĵ׶һɡ
ֻҪʱʵѾûʲô̫ϵ
ֻӰԲʮƷҪʱĳ̰ˡ
ԨĿУŵİ꣬꣬ɹͷ˿˿
Ԩδĸɾ
˳ȣʵС롣
ŵ߰۳ɹڵ߰۳ɹԨоൽ˼ޡ
һ֡顱ĸо
ɲᡰ顱
ĵ
価ָо
ܼһ
麣ظԴ磬һƴԴԺڣ۳ڰ˰
˰жʱһɺƵ۶
Ȫӿ֣תǶεŵɾľ괺ľתȵ㾰ؼ仯Ϊһ仪ƷϽһ·Ŀ⸮
£б֮ԡ֮һ˿ıĻᡣ
ƵԻʳ񾩣ڶֻͨ콨ľڱβ񷣬Ԫ˳ӯγƾǵĵУ
ֻ˳Ͽ۵ϻԼǰƷϽڿյӰ
µٶȵÿ죬ǰŸո֤ɣѾ̤ڶõԪѲѷɫЩǿɡ
ӸڣĿֱ仯ȵͬʱҲΪԼұ¸еһϲ
ǰƷ
Ʒ֮ǿᡣ
Ŀ⻺ڼλŮϣͣһ£뼸λŮλԼѹλķš
Ϊӵͨĸ֮·ĿܣȻҲԸⳢһ
ΪĸȻҪָŮɣǿֱۣĸҵλ͡

ڣϤƬ̽õԪĸоԨ˫ЩΡ
ǿǿᣬһͿӵĸо
ʱоб֮֮ǰɸǿԻתеԻݻȺ
ս
͵̱Ϳ¡
뽫Ԫ񻨻ھƷҪ»ۣ
Ԩͷ̾˿
ʢǵһ񻨻Ʒ֮󣬲õڶ𻨿š
Ԩ̯ģĿĹģϣʱһµǿṦģ֡
Щͬһ̤أתӰ
ѽģ壬죿
ս죡
ԨͷһλЩ֣
ע1õԪǻƷϵǣȡ֮ͬʮƷ


389 Ů
εǿ
ôֻǸģ壿
ԨЩ֣ģ̺һӡ
ԨԼֱ
ģֻģʽע͡
Ԩ룬û̽뵽µеС
Ԩ߳תӸڡ
Ӹڣڽ̵λŮУеĴ
һУԨ˲ϤӰλŮԼ䣬ԼǼζйΨһΪʯϡ
ʯԨ֮ǰΨһŮǰڽʱԨһ䡣Ҳ񳯺Ψһһλ
Ԩͨʱͣ½ŮǰӭӣԨӻֹλŮȥһϲеʯϡ
ȥ֮ǰԨʯǰο˼䣬Ҳʯϵ˼֮ࡣ
ʯȸԾ۵׻۵ԹҲ˲ɢΪγ鶯ټȻʧ꣬׻ɵģûнˡ
ֻǹټͥѹ޴ܹ˼Ů˽顣
ʯܸоڶŮĽ
Ǻڣ˻ʺ֮ΨһһǹټǱ֮ۡʱ͸ŵˣԺҲλϡ
£ʥˣ檸ˣ
ׯ˸
΢Ц⣬ƲһĻƬ̱Ԩʯϣ
Ц£ѵúͻദοһˡ֪Ӹ˶ˡ
ԣԨĿƳһλв޴⣬ʱҡҡͷ˵
ľδȹ̣Ů鳤̫ô
Ԩ˳ϣȴʱ˵
ݱδⲻҪ
ԣԨжһƬ̲˵
ÿһеԣ޳аԵ֣Ƕ֮õ飬ҵܹ֤ʯϰ尲ůʣ
ʯʲܺãҲ̫ԣ֮ͨ·ϣ
һԨ֪
Ԩ⣬ܹһʮԵ֣Ѿ顣
룬˵׼һʱʯΪ
֮һҲã
ԨĿһǵͷӦ
溬Ц˵ƷƷȣЩʯõЩô̤ʦżƾ񳯵̣֮λ⣡
֮ĩվҲң
Ц
κ͢ԭĹơ
ƣɵȵȣȹǡݡ¡ǡݡ¡ǡݡµȵȡ
ȵλʱ䵽ʮλΪƷ
Ʒ楣ƷˣƷˣƷ֣ԼƷŮƷĲŮ
䣬̫飬ɵĿſһЩ
һ
ԨûйԤ̸Ƭ̷޼˽£Ԩ㽫עϡ
˴γأҪ½һ´񳯵żƻ
˴ֻأԨ֪ҪѶ೤ʱ䣬иס
ѾɨܱǿڹµһϢԼżƻ
ϢļƻѧԺѧԺ𣬴ò˶ãͻԪ
֮⣬ȺΧ񾩣ڸ·ʼ˽ɳǣȫתθ
תڴζԣôǾ޴ġ
ɳǽܱ֤Ƹ۵ٶȼ죬Ҳ̶ܼĥһЩͥ߶ȵ
һ㲻õģ
ǳڳκǰħֽ٣ʲôӵؿ߻þܳͥҲڵһʱ֯Ⱥ׷

ǷǶһԨǶǶ
ԨӿٶռǶᦵĲϡ
ǶΪͥ
Ƕ̩ͥɽѰаħܺ
Ԩо޴ô
ԨδԽ£ǧȺǶɷȺȨ
ʱڽϹˮˮţǳǳǹ⽽࣬ǳڶʱ֮ڷѿ
ֵһ˵ǣǳѿͥӵԨλ۵۾֮λ㽫ǡ

ϢӦٹ
ٹС
ԨֶΣܿܰһһʰˡ
ЩСֵ˴ڶĴơ
һͳݣһǰδеĳɾͣΰҵֻʼʵ
ͥһͳ֮ԨǸʱ񳯽һʵı仯

ڱչ֮ǰԨһ飬ǽٺݸ
⺼ݸУһ׮¡


390 ʾ
ݸ
΢Уγһƻ
Ԩݹٶȼ죬ڽӽںݳǵʱԨǲһɺƵ徻
·ųķ⡣
ﱾмͥڣŨ
𽥴¡
úеĴڣݷʱ䶼
ʱںݴȻ졣
ԨϵݸΪúж
һߣɽʱҲֵĺܣΧǧ֮ǰͰ֮ĶԹҲϡ
Ϊ˻ڶ볡һݱ
ԨûʱᷨͰ֮ĶԹֻҪҪ£ҪԨ֡
ԨݹǮߡ
ǮˮӿΧ֣ոгԻ̶ϡڳУʼһ
ҲС¹ڣڽߴִˮϴһ֮ȥһ
ⲻԨϴһ˿ЦݣһòȻǻȻһ¡
Ԩ׶ʤ
ǮԹŷţĻβʮ˼ҡƵɳŭξ˪ѩǵġᣬӯ粣ݣ
βʮ˼һһ㣬ܹܿϹŶΧΪɳǣܸϲ¥
ֵһᣬʫʵԭΪ٣ຼ
˵㣬һֱƿֻһֱУֱȥ񳯵ĶУȡС
ʵԨ˼ڲ۷ʵòֻ֣Ϊ׶ʤӷֲ٣ȡ˸һ棬ҲԲĽʿΡ
ֻǴʱѾӽʮꡣ
⻹ǰȡУǰλԭ˵»мĥֱʮ֮󣬲űȡС
ԨڽߵȴҪȵ˻δ֡
ԨҲżȥмһʫеᣬӯ粣ݡ
ֱ֣Ԩγɳ֮ǰҶ׷ɣŵϤζһΪһλӢ˵ĺŮɡ
λ֣Ԩҡͷ˵
µѣʱˣ
ֻλŮ£Ӣ󷽣΢Ǹ˵Ǹ΢ѣʱµõְ׵ôã
޷ѿҪƶְæ
ԨɫЦĿں¹ϣע⵽Ůɹһڵĺۼƺովһ򶷣ԨĵЩ졣
λ¹λ󣬻ʲô˵Ҷλ֣
ûǰĺ¹ͥ
ԨΪ¹֮ǰϢͥҪ档
¹ƳһԼ䣬Ц޷ֻ;һЩ֪ħѾϤΪɱ
޽Ǵʱδɢķɱ
΢΢һ٣ŮȻ
δϲ΢˳񳯣˻ʴλ
Ԩڰ֣Ц˵ƶɵ˻֮ƣ
Ԩû⣬˻֮ƴʱçʱӵôߵĺֻеϻʵۣƺԳ˻ʡ
겻ɸ
ԨĿλͥǰһ֮ȻǱ仯޴λҲЩĪ仯Ԩ˼ط̽
һֲòΪ
λͥҲǾѡ
꣬λָ㣬ǰƳħںݵİӣһ
֮Ԩֱѯʵ
֪Ѵ˴ٻΪ£Ǿħж
ԨЩ£ħӴһֱڰУӵʹΪɽԨȻĵ׶мɵ
Ѱڴθ飬ҲҪ˼һ񳯱ʹĶ
һŭʹҪʹ֮ŭ
ħȻѰ֮У
Ůɫµĵͷҡҡͷ˵˴βǾħħһֱԶĳ죬ƾŴĵ̣ħҪħɽºѣ
ȻСһ޴£
Ϊ˸֪һϢͥһλͨеõһϢѻҪи׼
ʲôϢ
ԣԨ鲻һ
Ӧ֪ĴڣѵĴ֮ͥڶģֻǶһ֮أҲǾݶֵĵطڶ֮⣬дƬ֮أ
˵ţŮƳһԨԨüͷһֵѵڽƬݣȻǲı仯ʱ䶫֮ޱȣһ𼫹ϵǿڶ֮ظʳ˲ٵĴӣ
ʳǿȫ׷ͥȺϣΧаޣаһ·ϣ֪ͥڳųݵķ
ţ
Ԩüͷһ壬۵׶ʱЩ⡣
ŮֵҲĪգΧ׻һֲдľŶڣаһܹݽ磬Щ׼Բȫ
Ԩ۵⣬ͷ˵֪ˣ֪даһЩ鱨
а鱨Ѿˣ
¹ȻһЦӻȡһݾᣬֽԨ
Ԩӹɨһ۶ʱĿһ
¹֮󣬲δɣתȥ顣
Ԩԭس˼Ƭ̣뻹ǷһˣϢͻػʳǡ

ʱڶ棬һСڣһԻޱȵľƾճУһаʱӿаڶʱ֮˲龫ѪȻոһա


391 ߵߞš
ոѪ֮ѪʱΪһѪΣĿĮʱʧ
ʧ󲻾ãֺնʱϿգ·°һյĳǳأݸɫ䡣
oŭͬ°ӳɹǲ
׷ȥаδԶҵȲˣ
ǼаԴشҵȵץסᣬָƣ
һoų⣬ʱһ⣬ͬ޵Χ¿

߽
̹򺣳ǳ
򺣳Χ󺣣ֻΪ˵ǹŵ˸֮
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ô£ôڻû
һԺ⣬һλӢվڷſڣʱ֮ɫڲʱ
󣬴ʱλſ׵Ľ죬ЩЦһĻΪ򺣳ǳ̹ǿߣλлүʲôʱ˼
ڼҽҲ⣬򺣳һʲôȱ۲ƸΨһȱá
򺣳ǳһԶл̿Ϳʼһֱһ
ô檣ˣлҾһ㣬ţʼնֻܳһλã
ԺڣеŮӶѰҪ١
ʱ򺣳УŴϣʱһ̯̯ǰһһλ治ߡ
һʱ䣬治ı֣˲ٹ˿̯֮ͣ飬ʮ¡
ʱųķƬҡҡͷ
̯ǰݲŻ̯ǰ鿴ڴϾ̯֮ʵټĺܣ̯ҡͷһλʱʵ
Ϊҡͷ
ƽƳһˣЦ˵ֻƼҽ£лһԣ
һ˵ʱЩ£ǰһʵŶ㵽ʲô
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ǲ֪ڶ̥лŮһ
ԣ߸⵹ǣΧǬ֮ȶǬ֮ң䵮ıȻһλӤӤۣڶӱػӵż˵õʣǲ֪ӵкε壿
壿
֣ǰ˾㶼Ϊ仯򺣳ǳ򸾶ǿߣһϳʵӤˡ
Ŵ򺣺һļǿʡ
򺣺һΪĹ壬һֱÿϲģһ򺣺ҲǻǿߣǿǼλѹһʱ
ԣĿɫһ䣬ʵΪüͷĪлʲô飡
ҡҡͷ˵Թӯˮ磬򺣺ÿһֻһλߣĳ̶ֳҲΪ򺣺һ˵ȱֻܱȱһֵڶλжֻڸҪ鷳
˵˵Ҫ鷳ʱһ˫ӵɨһˣĿ鰵Щ𶯡
˵ûǵȷ򺣺һˡ
򺣺һ̾ڴ˵أѾԵͣΧ
лƬǳѾ̫ˡ
ʱŴϣԶŹֵ޺𶯡
ӻظ˱ã
һڶԶʱʧɫæҴÿֻƬ֮󣬽ֵһԵɧԶ۶ֳͨޱȵĲӽɫܱа˸һĻ
һ˷۵糸һ㳯ųɱȥ
ڶ·µη֮ɫΪ򺣺лͣ
ΨĿĿ΢΢һУ۵һ˿⸡֣Ƭ
š
ֻӻظ׼̯һ䣬ɲǼ𵴣ƺβȣֳֻס̯վ
˫УϿһâɢ򺣺ƺƵޱȵĽâͬΪһԾĳ
٣𶯣а
糱ӿ
֮ʥ𶯣ǿأӰս٣Ⲣ͸ס
С
ʱɧޱȵϣһλʮһĻ껺˫Ŀ򺣺ϿУƼ׵ף۵Щݸ
콵۾ԹϢģҽˣ
£ԨʱоһޱȵѪڿʼ˴š
ͬʱԨ΢򺣺ֵߣܵǾ޴˲䱩¶
ƲƲ죬ȳκƺߵȼ˲٣ոսãѾ˲˼Ĵڣ粻ɾĴڡ


392 ڣ
ϿյϯֻУ׻仯һҰâųƿնʱڲڡ
׻һˣи˵͸
ô˴͸մȾһδкֽţ°빦
һ͸򺣳Χһϣ۳Уǳ򺣺յʮ֮ʿ㶼онܿƣ𣬳ųߵݡ
򽣳ڡ
򽣳֮ʸǷһޱȵ⡣
⸡֣ǧÿһ·
⣬һޱȵ񽣣ɢŨ⣬һնصľâС
ն
Ŀ񽣽ٴҴҸʥʥһЩ̽Ҳɫ䣬𺳡
ն߽ʢһԷУŲСͷ
򺣺Ķӵʲôͷոսѵʲôʥʽ
ǰոմԨͷǿ񽣻ڣԨĿΪӣһ˿֮ɫ
Ŀ⣬ѿǱ񽣵ĵȷȷһ
ȻȲ۳ıʣҲ൱
Ԩգ۾ķͷЩ²⣺λ׵ܵϿҲЩ죬òͨҲ򺣺Ѫ֮컯
֮ǰϵԣ򺣺дܵġ
򺣺һѪ
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ߣܻúõרģ塣
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лͲ֮ǰ彻ѡԪ顣
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л͵Ըܼ򵥣ѹԼҵܵܣٴ˽ۡ
лͺǺ֪Լҵܵл˵֪л˻پۡ
һʵ⣬ΪлҲԼصļһޱȵĴţڴڴꡣ
˽ķ⣬ǿʿ½оͰĵܵлˣлڶǿУҲΪ޵һ
ԣǴʿʮӵеĳɾͣʮѾ򣬺ųڣȵʮʱΪѾɣ˫ţѳ飬󷨣ȡüɾ͡
ʱʥͽ٣츳֮߾ʦԳƣǳƺΪʦܣһʰ
лܴ˴̼ȻǲΪ·ˡ
Żз֮лΪԼдˣռеһЩر֮ؽҲһôڲǰ̤һΣյصѰһԵʱصеˣԴ޷֮ء
ʦδ
ı緢Լϣۿ컯ǰȴƫƫǰϦ䣬βлͷŭԹޡ
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ǳˣҲߣûѰŮӲ״ֻ̬ǵԪ
ڽڶҽĹά
ԨĿ˧еСӤϣСӤûѰӤĳªԲõɢһ㡣
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СӤζǷ࣬ʵڷͬһ㡣
ԨŲ߽л߷УֱӤ٣ƳһֻۣСӤͬĿŵЦ⣬Ŀ⾡Ǻ棬ͫ״峺ڰ׷
ֻлĿƽֽСӤ͵ԨУ˵
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393 Ȼһ
˵꣬˾㶼ĿлϣлĮü۵΢һ˿֮ɫ
Ԩ鲢⣬ֻЦлˣ˳ڵ֣עҪչŹŽ񣬲Ȼһ㣬˵أС
ԨһСӤıӡ
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ˣԨһЦֽСӤݸ
ʱܱ˾㶼һ𶯵һĻлߺ
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лҲͰˣλĬĬŵлӣҲô򵥣
Ԩȥת˲йͽ١
ȵ򺣳ǵŵ棬λнеλͣĳֻשԽԽǿлϵ
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Ϊǲ෹̸ʣԨҲ⣬ǰĿ꣬ʼھлѪİء
лҿؼµ֧Ѫ֮һѪӵİ
ѪİԨƵлҲ¥УлǺ̺ĵ伮С
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Ԩʵۡ˶ȥԺз̶ӣΪβȥ
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Ԩһ۾֪ʲôĵװԺЦڿɻûпʼУʱһֱлҵһ־ѧ
֮ǰܵŪ״˽ԴĸԴڣ˼С
ȻûУԨȴһֱá컯ţϴʣ״̬
߽У֮˵ҷΪ죬أĽףÿ׾ż֮ϣһָӴʣ֮Ϊ壬壬ȵȡ
ԨôԼʣǸϲʣҲط˾磬ôֻΪ˿Ѫ
ѾСгЧʱ˫鶯תճķţѾѪ鲼ȫףѪʼѡ
Ԩ˴γأ׼ʼУҪڵõĳ֮Ǽܹ֤Ѫϲ¥ܹѪлøഫС
򺣺УлſľǣǱﱻһ򺣺ļãѪ󻹳л˵񽫡
ԨλлȻ˷Ǽ
ƳһۣԱ鹧ɵԨ߰ɣںתһת


394 ͨ£һ
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ԨʱЦ˵˵ھȥǸСץһƨɣ˵òã
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ҵ˶ʱɫȣϹϾ˫־͵Ԩǰ
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ԨҲֻһЦͨлͼ䣬֪ͲڰǺ
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ԣɫһ䣬ҪѣȴлѾ̤С
ɫһڣɫŤһְȾܵĳ嶯Ϊ򺣺صذԹֻкүָɵܹȥ
úү֪ӽǾͲˣ
Ԩȴôںֻ򺣺ĵطˣܽҲ޷
ƹһְ׮ߣԨֹϣῪһλ࣬ȡһһᡣ
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ԨҲûŶʱ֮ȥѡһ˵ļƫִȦͼ
ֻǴͨͼʱԨԪʱ֮Σ
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Ǻﻯֻأ
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ֻ⣬ʱһѪʱһöѪ飬ʱֻصԨü
Ԩֹ⣬Ǵ컯쾫Ѫˡ
Ԩϴˡ
ⲻ쾫Ѫ׾Ѫ


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л˵ʣδɳȻһԽ񾳵ǿߣǿл˵ķҲҪ㹻أ

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ׯԻͨ£һš
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ּӦʲô죡


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򺣺ΪĸѾˡ


397 ʵ˵ʵ
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ԨĿһ˵үҲûеҲʲô˽Сţ
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402 ˵ʼ
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ԨЩΣ֪ӤͥԼһųǣ⡣
Ӥͥԣ±Ҳã
ǵӳܲסʱ䣬㵽Ϊֹ
ԣԨЩŹ֣ǰλȶȷзͬһ㣬ҲᲢۡ
룬ԨǾλ
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Ԩֲָָɴޱȵļգؼһ֣ʱΪ㣬׷ĥԪ
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ӤͥƼһĻʱɫ΢΢仯
徻ֶΣλʣʮ˳е񾰵徳Ҳǲ
ͷ⣬Ӥͥ䶶лֺӿΧմʱŤֳ︡һΰӰգΧ⻹֣а
ӤͥͬеǡľʡԪԿգգ۱ǽڽ׹ֶܾ׹ֱܷ˼ƶԼγɱˡ
ոγһͣת˲㱻˺ѣǧ
ӤͥޱȵһĻⲻ徻ֶΣ徻ġľʡȻһֵ⣬޷ֻ׹ܻ
Ӥͥ׹⸡֣Ҫٴ̵ģֳΪǿʮ׽ֻӤͥһ䣬ֻǰлڿնֳһ־޴ޱȵ̫ͼ̫ͼγһԼ嫵ĺڰ׵ͼ
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Ӥ֪ͥԼӦǸˣǼʣ
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ԣԨĿƽ̧ڰʱΪһСС̫ȫץУת˲ʧ
һĻӤ̲ͥס˫ȣӣͨʲô
̫
ԨƳһӤͥˣĿƽлͲԸᣬӤֻͥĿ¶ź֮ɫȴԨֵʱ䱾Ӵ˲ͨȫ¼УʱɽȥЩô
ԨЦЦ˵ǵľʡ
Щ򡶵ľʡԡľʡЩص뷨ֲľʡеһЩȱʧ
Ӥͥ˻ΪԨָ̫ͼطʱĿ̾
ԣΪ֮ڣݹҵӣһڵͲ˴֮أ
ԣԨЦϣ⻰Ұδض߽ǹһˣ
Ӥͥһ㶣ԱѩѰɫŹ֡
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Ӥͥ룬ǿȰ
ӣǻ۹ȻԶʤѰʿ֮гۣӺαϾӣعԵӲҲкô
Ԩڰֵ֪ʦȻ֮ϲضԣʱ䱾Ӳɽ
Ԩһתֵ˳ϣ򺣳ǵϢ
ԨĿ΢һ࣬Ӥͥһ㶣֪лָĿлˡ
ԨȷָлˣʮȻչУҲʶ򺣳ǵĶ̬
ʵУ΢ݣܹ֪ͬһУ̫֮ںķԼ£¹лȴ˴ڣĸ
лҲǵŹעĶõϢݵҪ١
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Ԩ⣬Ӥͥ̾˿֪ȰãֻἰлˣӤͥ˻һָ̾һַͬѰ˵
ӣİĵڣ
޿ʼУǽԪ̾гɣҸˡԪ̾ʱһħͷ򺣳ǣͼͷųеĴħֻ֣һͽ֮ɱ
ʮһ꣬еڷ緶Գһ
лڵĳɾͼֱǷˣԱһЩ֮ʥһĴڡ
ԱߣѩѰҲĬȻ
ܽڣȻҲʲлִڣһּ褵ĸп
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ԨĿֻǵһЦ
ҲøһЩлˣԼŶռͷǣ
Ҳǡлִ͡ڡ

ӤͥջûܽԨ붯齫ѩѰͷУһԨûзԣһڴӦ
ãлһֵ۾ҪҸʵ
ԨѩѰλػǸܺõʵزġ
ѩѰ˳ͷ壬ҲΪ⡣
ͷ壬ʵֻǴлλ򺣳ǵĵӺѣϾл֮ѾķзͷĿлǳԣʶлԵڡ
λߣȻоϲ
Ȼ켶ײ壬Щţһ㣬ϧÿһεĻԵҪԵıػҹˣ


403 ǰ
ڣӤͥ޹Ϊ΢ʣֻлչ¶ʵǿ޻˵
иԵзʽڵֻ˵Լ

ѩѰѡǵ켶澭еġ΢澭澭𡶵ľʡһƫģһƽֻͣҪͰܻ࣬׳޳ɶص
ѩѰػд֮һڤ̺ż֮ܣڤ֮ࡣ
Ϊ켶ƷѩѰһİ
һöڤȾ飬֮ΪڤڤԻһڱΧһʮ
΢澭ƽͣȻʺѩѰĹһֺܺõԣӦ󲿷Уõ䣬صĺ
͵ǰ½ƫڣѩѰոУʱ˫۵ЩΡ
Ȼʼ޷ͻƵľ徻΢澭Ȼ񣬵޷Ȳáڤ澭
ѩѰЩա
ڤ澭ػҵĲص䡣
΢澭ƷȻڡڤ澭ڤ澭ػʳǿ޶ʺڤ켶澭
ΪػҵĹѩѰȻʸӴڤ澭ΪһЩԭ޷úš
һлʦ֡
޷ѩѰȻȻ뵽Աһֱел͡
룬ٲڵǰȥǰȥ̡
ѩѰϣλô򽻵ĵӣûΪͻأ̶ֽܾǸ˴𰸡
ʦãȻ磬ڤѾһأڤ⣬һﲻ㣬ڤ֮ȴǲ⣡
ԨһЦƳһѩѰ˫һץһ⸡Уһͷ޴ޱȵΡ
̫Я޾ڤ֮ء
ֻһۣѩѰʱоԪ¶һƬԶڣѪޱ߱ѩΪһѩƬ
ת˲ΪһѩѰС
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Ϊ䣬ȴѩѰо
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ΪԥѩѰѡ񽫴ͼУ΢΢ֵлʦִͷ
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ѩѰһֻҪʦٻѩѰƴǣ
Ԩͷ±Ŀ
ѩѰ̫ͼҲǼѩѰ֮뷨
ղ̫ͼδѩѰǻԼĻԵ̫һξѪı侳
ѩѰ˹켣Ѿı䣬ԨҲ֪ѩѰȻܷԭ˹켣һ̫߽ľѪ
Ժз̫Ԩһλڤ֮ضľڣָոո֣Ԩǿнն
ֻǷ֮ʱͷ漰ͨߵ֣κ⣬УЩס
ѩѰδ̫һϵ
ʵԨҲرģΪ̫һγû
ѩѰδܻУҪѩѰ֣֮һһĴУ
Ԩͷ

ʮ֮ԨһԽ͵ǰԨĿԶѩѾһʱ䡣
֮ǰѩѰѾɽ
Щ꣬ĵڰ˴ɽѩѰλػʳĹнвС
ԨҲ׼ɽˡ
롶תаʮꡣ
лһγһٶʮ꣬׼һ
Ŀһеš
Ԩһֱһʮص뷨
ǾǷշһǰ
ǰʲôã԰ԨǶҲͨĽһܻ
Ԩǰн񵥣ÿ񵥷ΪƷǾƷۡ
ؼܿܿԿǩѺǰ
ǩǰţܵõһͶʣȻͶҪرġ
ûԨҪΪһʹͶˣͶʵĶܻȽ϶ࡣ
ܵǰϿɣܻһǳĳϣ֮·
ȻҲѡ񲻽ǳУҲҪԨһԵ
δгɣҪǷԨһ飬Ҫôʮٱ顣
ǰ;زۣԨҲǩµһˣȫ
ɣ΢ͥٽһԲڣܽڶ֮ӡ֤
ĺôɸࡣ
ҲǾ֮Ԩ۸һ֮γɵ·֤
ǰ񣬿ɲҪ΢ͥҪ֮
νиӦ
ԨҪǣҪǩѺǰĴڣֻҪԺǰ֣ͿֱٻǰĴڣǩѺ֤


404 Ƭ
Ԩյ飬Ҳһķš
ߵţԼͷ߼
Ⲣͳ֮
ֻ漰һͨ
ȻԨС
ǵߵţͷ߼Ҫý顣
Ƕͷ߼Ҫɣľдܡ
ɣľѵá
ƩߵҪһһΪ
ǼߵǬͼ
ֻǵߵǬͼҪУȻҪһĿ๦
ʮ䣬ԨǽߵǬͼ˳޳ɣƾŵߵ֮ܣȻ֧ǰ롣

ػʳ
Ԩλ⣬γڳݾڣ
ԨĿݾڵĿʵڳݣݵԺ
ԺһؾǷʿµһؾʱ֮ʱܹԺ
ΪԺѹһǿаµҲѹλаֱһλʿżȻõУͷа񣬻Ժе
Ԩ볱ݣֻΪڴѪױԴĹӦһٻ
ǼѪһ΢Ӧ
Ԩһʱ˹ģ
ҵ񸫣
ѵôã
ʱվ·ˮϣԨĿⰵܹѪӦĳ˸񸫣Ԩ벻ʲô
ԨĿһתʱڽ
ãã󽭣ǳݵĸ׺ӣʱմգããһƬ
ԨݣǵĪϵڽ
ֻԨɨ⴦棬Щ
ĿУĽ澹Ǵֻ
״̬£һӦʢֻơ
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УˮһЩǿ¥ҪС̾ˮףʱܵŰ
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һλĿ࣬鲼ڼƬһ̨ϲطħʱ˫Ѫ䡣
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ǵӰ̫ڿֲ
Ԫ鵱УѲһħؼһһ۱ԪͷֻͣҪը
ԨջӴԪģһץˮȻ𶯣ֻһɫʱˮ׳Ԩϡ
һصʯ
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Ǹ񸫡ֻǸ񸫵֮һΨ
ʯأԨУʱȻһ˲ϢʱΪԨա
ֻѶϢԨЩ㵵ͬʱо鷳
ˣ֪ǺԭԷ֣Ϊޱȵϳ
ÿһǿޱȣӵżֺܡ
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ҲΪ
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ԨΨһַͼӶһ£ʱѿһºۼ
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ֻǲǷǿɲý


405 ԲУ
ػʳȣΡضڣǿ𣬳γȻѹƬء
һΡֺӰڲçڳϢض֮ʱʱӦ
ȻһĪǿɱˣ
ΡһӰüͷͷоһ˿˼֮ɫ
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ʱػΪܣ֮ռݳݽ棬ǲ̽ɱȻĶػҶԾѩϼ˪
üӿжˣ
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ԨĽŲݵͨɽ֮ǰ
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ĦڭʥҲʢһʱ۷ʱ̺ųʮӹ֮ͬأֻһѣصĦڭʥطˣ߽дС
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ԨĿһ޴Ħڭϡ
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ĦڭϴʱĦڭӡС
ȻԨԣҪͨĦڭӡԺֻķԨҲһ
Ħڭӡ̺ĦڭһĦڭС
Ԩޡľʡڲٿ磬Ųⷽмҡ
ĦڭʥصϷ𷨡Ħڭֹۡƴ˵֮˾䡣
ԨγĦڭ֮ǰ˫ӷĴģԨɲǼʱɳһΡһ΢ϵںɳԻľ
һΡޱȵķʥߣȱǰ߽籱أԾħĦڭʥء
УԨԻȦƵޱԪȦԪȦ̺ǻۣ
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Ԩһ֮䣬һɳǵľŲ޴ǰŲ鲼Żɳʴĺۼȴһʥԣǲһ֪Ժصء
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һյĽ⣬ѭδ֪ϵʱԨͷԨ𵴵Уת˲еƽϢֻԨĺޱԪתʱΪһֻĺڰ̫ͼ
̫ͼתаףкڣһ䵭УԼԼΪһδĻ춴̥һжɸɾ
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ϸȥֳµ·ǵأ
Ԩ䵭ΧֻǵɨӰƬЦӶ⵹ǺԹԵΣҲԲһƬ֮ģ


406 

ݰǷľӰʱʧ
һ̣վ𶯡
Ȼ䣬ٴγ֡
ƬƬ顣
һֻѩƸУոսǱһ䣬֣ӡУǵΡ
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һѹʱӰС
ⲻܣĦڭУֻһĦڭ棬еڶĦڭС
Ӱֺƣɫ䡣
ǷһԪаζɣõţҲŵһЩϳ
Ϊ
ŭУɫ֣Ӷܵвһȴ׼ƴֻǽһֵߵƿԺγɵ
ʮֲֿԼԼħΪһ죬ȱĽӣȫʢʱڵգͬ󻨣һޱȵи
ԴԴϵиţΪһ˲ϢԽ˽ɾ硣
۷ʱھǽɾķӡ
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У𣬶ʱваħɢŨī֭ԨնɱɾħϵаҪŨ
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Ԩ뿪ʱȻһƽֻĦڭĽ࣬ʧȥϣһ
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ԨĿӹһĻ鵭ġ
лһЩйصļ䣬𽥸ǰ
ػҶֻǰף˶û뵽յķڡ
ʱ֮ڣйһνڸΣ
Ԩͷ⣬ڸûи𣬷һλˣҲ˵Ҫġ

ڣԨٴηͷڵ
Ԩû̲ԺؾлþӡǷһԣĿطϡ
һ󣬵ػԴ𵴣׳һ̶֮ԨʱͣС
ʱһѪѪдǱϤΪʵ
ɾѾɾ͡
ڵǰԨͷ壬ڴΪһ塣
ǴرԴ
ǴأʱɵĴڻл֮ԴÿһѪڶ˷˼
Ԩ֪Ѫ׵ǿ֮ѪִƱԴĴڣıԴo
κִƵ۾λoҪۼԴȨĴ̶ȣҪе۾
ֻǻӶһȵԨЩҡͷȻ䴿Ѫ׵У޷һ֮壬Ǻܴ󣡡
ԨʱݼЩźҪһЩ
ٴױԴȷһЩ
ڵػԴ֯ѾԽ˴мУһЩѪͬڵıԴۡ
ֱ仯Ӧֵң
ڵػԴӴԨ룬ٴξֻ˰ʱ䣬ľʡҲ˳˽ɾ磡
Ȼͬƽľڡʰԡطĵ£תת
Ԩ֪Ǽˡ
֮вͬڽ֮ǰҪҵһĵ·ܹݣں
ȻΪѪ֮ʱ֮ҲԵ硣
תһʺϴѪеĴ


407 
ʣ»ʮʱ䣬л˳а꣡
ڵϣԨϥĿ˸Щâ
ʮʱ䣬ɹ롶ľʡڻͨʱ䣬ԽһĻ۳
ڵõת֮󣬶ʱ֮ڿԳϵص
Ԩ߽󣬸µһҪĿꡣ
ʵ;
Ⲣѣ
ڵǰԨʱҲЩΪһʱԽĽɣͨлԸǿΪĽ㹻ֶΣϳӡ֤;
ˮɵĽɣԨһʱУԨſʼӡǰ
ǰ񣬶ԨشҲǶһǰʵ⽫Ԩӡ֤ż档
Ԩ֮һֲСڴ
룬Ԩ̯ģһ䵭ɫ֣Ԩ۵ŷתת˲Ϊ⣬֮䣬߲ϣΪһڰװ쵵ĵ
޳ɵߵźٲţԨԣѶȵ˲١

Ԩչڼ䣬ȴ𽥽
ˮ壬ǰ
ڵǿ߽ѵûһãһ̸֮ĵԼĵһֳϸԴŵӽڸפڣ
󣬵ƽ΢ӣԽؾڣһֱչصǿǿб۹أӱչ״̬бѡ
Ǳͻƣǿߣ㶼ǿлѡ
ǿлѵģλѾչذϵǿߡ
粻ֹ
ͷУһձչеԨҲѡ
˫ſƼһȺɺ״ɽǻͷϿա
ͷ£Ӥͥ˵ٴθ֣ԨͷһʩһɽţӤͥɽ
Ӥͥ˴ҴɽִҴȥ
ӤͥǰʾģǰĳõϢͱǿ߶˵ڣӤͥϣл衣
Ҫעκεķ紵ݶз֣õһʱš
ʾԨ΢עһ£ת˲½Ŀ֮ϡ
ֻԨע⵽ѩѰɽδ
ԨҲ߶֮㣬óĽѩѰоգδע
֮Ԩٴδӱչѣǰʱһڰ׽ɫ߲ĵڻתĿȴˮķ
һصӵˮķȻͻأޱȣ
Ԩ˫Ƽˮھҳͻоҳͻ
ԨĿǿǱ˵ˮ壬ˮǿ߽档
ҵĽУڵڵľҫ⡣
ѾлͼСĳЩţʱۼԨһĸо
ʱҲǽ䱸ɭϣȴȻǿǱɽţ
ƺܲ
ϸ鿴Ƭ̣ԨΪ⣡
ӪҲȻ߷˵ĵĵ
ĵ˶ȶ֮⣬ǵʵ
ĵжʵУǿ
߷ĵȷǴֱʣ
Ҳǵĵټ
ķѣʱõ֮ǰ׼ùǿĵڻڴ󣬻Ƿϵǿߣ㶼Ǳ¶ڴС
ǿޱȵĽɸ֣ʱǷǿߡ
΢ӣӽڽɾƽҲش
΢Ҫ˵㡣
ǲĲ֮գѪһЩǿطƶɵһҩԶʱ֮ڣˮǿڱԴɡ
΢޹ˮΪģ΢ʵʱյǣƣȫʱڵɶӲ
ԨƳһˮķ뵽׻ûѡ֡
棬ԼĪĽǼǿߣڻһλ򷨾ǿߡ
񾰰˾еڰ˾򷨾
çʱڵħһС
棡
ԨĿŵǳǵǧǰĳλʦλʦһֱ⻹һλǿ󽣵ɣ
ȻλɵĴڣҲ类ڹ
λǿɾħҲΪλ
棬Լλؽɣһλȳ
һ沢̫ʤԣ
Ԩʱѡ񲻳֣Ϊл͵ļ䣬ںܿ緭̣֪ڵĺۼ
֮ĸӦ
Ψڽں󣬾
һĽɣһѰɣָ
Ԩż̨ȴŽ
֣ܲԨ֡
ֻԨ׻޷徻
ԨһЩ⼲Ӵܣھͷ巽ʱȻת˸䳯ͷ
ⲻԨЩȻ
⴦ϷΪ֣ȻϷҵͷϣ
ֻͷ⣬ƿ֣֮Ƭһ΢ٵ
л͵ӣΣֵڣߣҵȽؾڣݱһ


408 Ͷ
⸡֣Ϊһλϵλųװǿߡ
ǵҵǧ
ĵҵеΪ
ҵǸ
λųǶȶλչʮĳϣڵС
ԨֻϵǧһŮ
Ůӻ裬˵ߣҲ壬Խ켶
λӣһƣһն
Ҳ켶Ʒ켶Ʒʮֲ
Ҳǵڵӣֻڶʵĵӡ
лǶȶգڶȶĵӡ
ɽϣԨЦЦƳƺзɳµӰֱ˵
ϣֵڣҵΪҪ㣬ͬţһɱˮ壬ˮӦǻδƻֻҪڴ󣬵ڻشֵϣ
ԣǧɫһ㶣̾ϢⷬǺõġ
ֻѾˣ䣬λϾ㶼ܴɢѾ췦
Ȼһ̾롮л͡ϿҵҵȥΪű𣡡
ԨɫЦֻݹһѪ˵Ϻαس־Լ磬ҵȼţȻҪͬ˹λ汾°ɣ
½սˣкϧȻҵ߲ţҵȴţֵҵΪһ
Ԩ˵Ŀǧ˾㶼һһ㶵ģɫЩԥ
䲻ʢĵӣ
裬ն¶֮ɫ
Ϊǧȴ´һԶǵӰ
оλл͵ǻЩ졣
ǲλл͵ӿһЩʲô
лӡУǶԵжеĴڣλ֮һֱڱչأֻд˵жٸ᲻˵֣ǧԲš
ǧͷֲĸоԽŨ
ȻֻлҡҡͷĪλˣ֮飬ֻǿǿǧأѳĶûСӹӹµµҲͰˣ㶼ɫҲԩ
ԨĻǧɫʱŭȵסڣл͵ӣѵûһֿԣڲսʱʦ죬Ϊ»Ǳ֪ɵ֮ʱսڴˣⲢ£޴
޴
ԨǺЦ򷨾Ŀ£λΪܹӵõ𣿡
򷨾𣿡
ɫ䡣
ֻԨ£һתûأ
䣡
죬б
Ƭ֮˷ӿˮ塣
ڵ̺һ˵ɫҰס
ˮͬһޱȽɳֱڤ
ʱҲˡ
ڤս
⶯춯ء
Σ
һĻԨ鵭ȻЦֻһ˫ǧϡ
ǧʱɫ΢ͷͷȴڰԽпࡣ
Ϊ򷨾ĳ֣ʵ򷨾ֻ֣˶˾ɥ
ǧﰵ־ǰл͵ӡ
ô֪λ򷨾𣿡
ǧʱԺоŵͷ
һ͵Ϯڣϣֻгһ򷨾
𣬾ǧݣҲǽո֪
ǰл͵ҪôǲڹҪôһ𼫿ֲĴڣ
򷨾𻤳֣Ȼ֪λѶϢ֮Ȼվڴ˴
ϾһڵӣҪԻڵ֮ϡ
Ͷ
ǧͷ԰գڲ̰ǰͷ壡
һѾ㹻˰
ǧֻܼװܾϣûбǰƿֲĴע⵽
ǧͷԨĿȴζɨһλϣǿԪƶǧͷеܣǧͷԻҡ
ƺУջĿ⣬ֻüһЦ
л͵ؼ䲢ֻһ˲ϴ˷ҲΪŴ壬Ŵ¹ŴС
΢΢һ٣ֿһͷ۵ײκνҡ
ȻҪΪѳᣬ±ǣҲǳʦʮؽ̵Ķ壡
Ҳ£
ԱһĮնʱҲԥѡ¡
ȴҡҡͷ˵λʦʦԸ£ȴܷ㣬λǰҲҪһΪһ
Ŀ˸һ˿֮ɫλһȥ
ԨĿλʦܣ۵һ˿ЦݣûֹΪƲԵס
ľٶԨÿɷ
뿪ҪԵʵҪգ
Ϊʱ棬µ޵ŵڵĵƽƣٻֵܵƬ̡
򷨾ǿ֮սǳˣشҲԱλ𵱳ɱ
ȥ֮ǰ˳־Ӧ⡣
ֻ½½Ӱѡ£Ȼ൱һ֣׼ƴһ
ǧҲ׼뿪
ݡӡֻǵ˵ⶼԼѡĵ·ԸǲҪڣ
˵ű׼ȥ
Ϊԭǿѹסλл͵ӵ뷨׼λѹס˳֮ǿ߳֡
ֻԨʱҡͷ˵
֮ˣﶼȥ
âһɲǼǳǧǰ
ֱǰл͵ӵӣƼ¶ɫǧѾ׼˵ֶΣʱ
ǧͷκһ˿ҡ
ȷϹǵϷ㱩¶ˣɣ
һէ֣
У
һ׹ѿǬǧʱǧʱΪһƬ׺
ǧֳױޣۣΪһ
״ԨɫҡҡͷССֶΰŪŪķ棬ڣ
ԨһץжʱдƬ⸡֣
оҺ̬󣬻ֱ֮˺ǧͷһħԪ顣
վգã׸
׹۵׾ǿֲ
ɲǣ⾡ë׷ɳ䣡
ԪһƣʱͬҺվԭء
ֲ̫ˣ
ǧɫȻԨ
еǵʮֵؼڵġ׾йܹ֮ͨڤڤһ׳أԪ飬Ϊһ׶ħִ
ʱѵ鱦۷壬׶ħѳɣֻϣ׻Ϊһħ̤羳
˵ҵȻǰл͵УȻͬϣ
׷ȫʧȥ˿ƣ
ǧɫ仯ɫɷޱȵĶԨ㲻л͵ӣ㵽ʲôˣ
Ԩˣҡҡͷ˵֮ܣ㿴ʲôţ񱾵š
˵Ԩһ٣ͷֵҲѹ֣񱾵ļԪ֮ӼԪѼҲ˹ªţ
˵ԨһץһιâʱǧС
ʱһ޴Ľɫȡ
ֽש̵أ߱ĸ
Բ֮󣬵һͨ
ԲڣؼһзԣǷһϴͨĸڡ
з
裬նһȻԨ
ʰǧ֮ԨδˣĿڵ֮⣬һǿѾǱ˽
ʵʵͷдػʱܹ֮ԻȰΣȥȥͻأ
ԨݺЦЦȴ޶¶ȡ
˵ʤˣҲܷЩǿڵںֱײǣ
ΪһˣǲһȺħǰȭͷ
һΪЩħŰ¡ת⣬ǸԨ̡
ԣЩǿһ
ԨΨһ֮Ȼɽ֮ǰ


409 
ͥ
ǵŻڡ
Ԩӳһ⣬ؼʱһŨҽɨգһָոմڽѹƵǿ߶ʱɱ
ԨûжΨֻԴĴͨ֡
ȵѪΪ˾춯صһ̺űĳܣ
Ļ˭
ʱĿԨ֣ʱڶĿ֮
Ԩչ¶ѾЩħӡ
ֻڶǿ߲ʶԨ
׼ȷ˵ǡл͡
лʮţһֱչʮ꣬ڲҲֻ֪һλл͵ĵӣ֪òΣΡ
ֻ֪Ϊ
ǣ
УһӰڣһǿߡ
߽翪ʹڵ࣬ŻһȵѪǿޱȡ
ۼػ֮ܣһУǿ󣬵һķֳȴǳ޵С
ڵǿߣǻһһλ棬Ҳǻ羳Ĵڡ
ˣâУŨޱȵĻΪȤ
ãȻǸȤͽǣǴһڣҪ̫ˣĺöûǻһķˣ
ǲеһʿ𺣬ϴһЦݣкǿ߳ͥɽһǺ¹ȥ
ǺǽڵһŻ鲼ŷһͽĻǺУ뾳ڴ⣬Ȼ
˭Ҳˣ
ԨһĻһЦһӣǺӹǰ𵴣ƵǺӹƺطζڿն𣬻ΪһĶĻסһҪǺӹڵĲǿߡ

ǲЦһŨˮ֣߶£֮Ƭݻ޾Ǻӹȳȥ
޾У̺޾ˮ붯˺Ǭ
⶯

һȺѪѣ
ԨһĻȻЦԭĺʵһոзͨ˼
ѵôɣúͷһ´Ѫ׵ΰ
ӴԪУǺӹתĵطζΪһųޱȵϺɫ
ϺɫǴѪյ֡
çʱڵǿ죬ÿһ̺صĹҲֻһǿ߲ܹʼ
ԨǴ
ŶأԳ֣ʱиʴ֮ܣ
ԨԪУΪһϺɫߣݿغɫ
ֻٿصˮ쳣Ťʷ룬Ʊˮϳ塣
ϺɫҲľҲת˲ؾϺɫڱѹѹһغ󣬺Ȼѿ
Ť˺ˮѹƣһɾҶ˷ŰǷɢˮУΧŤΪһƬں綾ա
⧲һλλǿ߶ܲǿ룬ʱڣҽ
ˣ
һĻʱĿѣŭУһֻɫˮɢһɾصˮϴеľ綾
һһĻԨ΢üͷһܲر⡣
׶ͨĲٿأӦò̶ֻȡ
кܴĿռ䣡
ԨûżϾɵʱ䲢ѪЯһЩ츳ͨδ
֪Сͷҷ񣡡
Ǳߣǻǿ߻һĻʱŭ
Żһǿߣǰ꾹ȻҷǶԻһӡ
Ϻɫҷ裬һɳޱתлΪһ޽Ԩն
Ȼŭûӣ־ʹ֡
Ǳ޽ǻһһɻ֮ӵŷǷܣΪĻ̺һ˿
һƻзɽ֮ܡ
ֻһ޽ն£ȴһֻޱȵץסᣡ
ֲдλҲõҵǰ衭
ԨץסǱǴķʧЦһƻѴ֮ɣӿ̼ӿʱڻ޽
ԵֱʱΪһһ
նոɾ
ڤһǰϯĳҽȻһ䡣
ӣ
ݷŭĶ·ӦУһ峤ʱʧˡ
ǳˣ
ǻһߣѪᣡ
ҲЩ֣ǳ֮˵Ǻεȴڣʵл붴֣һ˻ɱˣ
ǳһιŽ𶯣ɫ棬üͷȵ
֣ɷֻҪ˳棬Ժôã
̲ˣ
ʱһƬԭ棬۵׾ǱŭĻ棬ӴӦֻɲǣʮλһʧ
СҴı滹ȰȻһ㶣ͫ׾һһŨޱȵŭɲǣодӵҲ˲
ⲻóŭ棬һɲǣ·˵ʱʧ
ɱʱǣΧг˲ѩ۵伸Ϊʵʡ
һڸҧ飬˵֣Ҹȡɲǵʱȥٻأնɱ֮󣬼̷أƥݣ
ԣݴϲ۵һ˿ʵ֪ĳɫתɲǣһɲǾ͹ˣ
ӰʱʧС
ǺӹǰԨ̧ƣĿƳһ۾ǻѪĲˣ΢΢ҡͷ̾
̫ˣ
Ĵ̫ھˣѰħȫס
ż
ת˲ԨĿڲ֮ϣ˫гƶ֡
һɲһɲǿһ㣬սһ£
ɲǼ䣬Իһֺ⣬һɼھԻ໯Ϊһص̬
һ׵̬


410 ֮
ͷɲ׹ء
ʱΪһ޵̵ľ޴¯
ǻ¯
Ⲣǻ
ڻǶ֮󣬻¯Ҳһ̶ȣ鲼Ĺɵؽơ
жǬ֮ΰ
ֻһǬصľ޴¯ɲһͣкȻ𶯣ųޱ⡣
ͬǳޱȵĻⱬ
طν
һյĻ𣬶𣬷ǳޱȵĵػ
ػдŨҾ綾
ԨյıҲ̺
з·ǬѣЩƬֻȭͷǰϤΪޱȵĻ⸽ֻȭͷϡ
һȭ
ˣ
ǻ¯Ȼ飬һӰ֣ɫȻȻֳ࣬ƻΪƵצֻȭͷ

һ̣Һա
Ťǰƴѣǧ徹Ȼѣ
Ϻɫʳ壬Χȫ汻ѹƣ
ִƻԵĻ뾹һ챻ĻѹƵô
ԵĲ࣬Ҳر
Ȼһ졣
ȻϺȻѡ
ֻѵɲǣŭתط֮ԴлۣҪۻΡ
ʧĻûеڶΣ
ԨһĻȻһЦ
ֱһյĴǹ˺ڻлεһ壬ѭڤڤգڻ֮Դһӡӡ֮ǰΪһУ顣
壬Դ㱾Դӡλãɱ
ԨɱɣѾһľ顣
ɱ񼸺һǳɡ
֯Чķ
ʵ񲢲ûеһʱ䱻ԣ˵ԨҲö໨Ѽɲǣܽɱһ˿ӵĿܡ
һʧ˲ݻһֽ

ڤҲץס˻ᣬ̤գתϬ˺Ѿƣ
ƼͻȻ뿪ʶʱˡ
֪Ǻ˰æǣס˻ϹԺеͷʱ̧ơ
һɵ⸡֣ת˲ֻΪһĪĹŽ
ڳֵ˲䣬ɳӶԼԼʮŨޱȵĽâʮâΪʮֺصӰʱʮֺΪһ壬Ϊһ̺ĳš
ޱ
أԳ֣ͬٲʱһָԶĵϴԴٲתǳҲã㶼ΧձճŨһֺϻΪӣƺƵ
򷨾ܵ˾޴Ӱ졣
رԴ֮ϵҲȫ
ӺöֵĶˣ
ĿĮһĻƳһֵļ粿Լ·ܵ޴ƻĵڣ۵ɱɭȻ
Žתޱȳųɱ
񽣲ǵתԪһʥΪһͨ裬ͨԺһЩֽ٣˽塣
ŽһŽݻԶ֮ŵһ
ȻԶ֮ţ֮֮ҲγһرԴĽ㡣
һһ㹻춨֡
ǻѹ֮󣬳żİգѹסС
һλ
ԸһЩľԴ֤֮λֻԻһɼޱȵĵϣ峺⻯Ϊһ绪һУгһƵľ޸һƿǬĻֺС
Ʋ͸Ƽ֮
ֲﱾǿټ̵ʯֲ쳤ؾõƼʴҲᱻơ
Ȼӵ˼£һһһž޸ľ񣬻֮ƿ磬ʱ⡣
ֻųն󣬰תŵ޾ľǱ롣
ǺӹǰԨĿͷݻ֮š
֮ظڣ̲
ȻǼεo
һԻľ򷨾ɷһľŵ࣬౻֮ſƵ̫
Ǳܹݻ֮ŵӰҲʮ˵һ
ԨһΨͬΪѹΨиӦ
Ҳи֣֮ǲ֪ʲôĴڣǿ
Ԩ˵
̺ĴֶƷҲԳ֣ƩһЩСǧǿ۶ɣ
ɴǧ籾ԴԼԴŲС
ʣҪѰҵĸ񸫣ȻǼߵȵ
ϾһֻܹΨǿޱȵ


411 ľȺǶ
սֱ仯Ѿޱ¡
ʱѾʶ
ԵڵļƻѾʧˡ
ɲǼ䣬Ѿ֪˻ʧ
ǿ񶼱ˣ
ͷľ֪
ʱһʮֲĸо
½ѾȱԲ
Īǿߴʱϳ棬ߺ³ѿԤ
취뿪
ڣ˫ɫɨ֮Ϊģһ嫲ޱա
˵֣㶥סϹ跨ƿƬ¹
֪ƾѣֻ
Զʤ֮ϻһǿɱͨϣƿǰ磡
£ãʱա
ȡһһ͸¶ǧâȨȣҲǲĴ֮ȻҲһһ
ȨԿǿ߿µ䣬Ӷ·дƬ棬ɫâֺΰɨء
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黯ʵŵ
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ԨĿ̧۵Ϸʣߣߣӣȴ֮ת۵һ˿Ũعâ֣һɨ
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Ԩʱ䣬ֱӴ͸ĸ˺һƬա
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ɫŹֵԶȥлͣɫЩȻ
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ڽҶԨûټμӣעǰϣ֮ԨڵóԸ˳ǳȨǰ
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412 ʱĿ
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ȺһλλͥǾҲЩһĹǾǸԷ˷Ҫù壬Ӹǹ˳ǴʱԼ֪ؼȺ쳣ۡ
ǶԴ𵴣ؼһ׮ʲô˲ǳｵ
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ǶԨǲžԵţ̺΢ͥУŶǶĲóȻҪ۸нԲ˶ߡ
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ԨͶи׼ġ
ΪʣܻͶʡ
һͶʳһЩ֮ٻ빦¡
ԨǰΪԼԼǶıǰʯͷԼĽţ

⣬ѰһָӸţһλǿ߰æǰ񣬲ȻĽײԲϾ
Ԩ뷨ʱ䣬ҪǰڵĽ
ʵǾӡѾԨĲ࣬Ͼֻһֱͨ򷨾ɵĴС
ԨɶѾ֤Σ⡣

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ԨĿŷųޱǰ۵״һ˿Цݡ
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ԨҲûϣһá
Ԩǰչָһ㣬ǰһɫǹʧС
ںܹ˵ıһѡУԨѾ
ŷˮ뷨Ԩһѡеʮλѡߴ󲿷ֶǳڵڣֻԨ˼ӡδСš

ڣΡ롣
ԶʮǰѾʮȥˡ
ʮǰǰδеĴѣ䣬ĵϣ롣
ִ˼ǰδС
ڲû˶裬ЯŻ룬붴λ򷨾ͷסƣʱ֮ڳٴδɽͽ
һɱϮ򷨾𣬽ֻԡС֡ۻȡʤһĽơ
ʮشССĳǰȡͽǸɣʿ壬Լӵڡ
֥ԺžԺ֮һһλڿ޲׺ͨȻɫһʱԹȥԹȥ֮ǰͷһǹ⸡֡
λų꣬ԺλͻȻͷԻÿһλ˹ȥ˹ȥΪ֮
ԨӴԪڵžԺѲƬ֮󣬱ȥ˵⣬һϳǳУһСӵͶһǹ⣬ٴȥ
⳯ػʳһĹųǸȥԨʮһŲѣΪǰɷѿġ
ǹ⣬ԨһͶһλǿ꣬λС壬ѾһһС
һԨѩѰ
ԤϲĻʱ֮ѩѰ֣ÿԴ˲ǰĻرΣ


413 ʦо֮
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ѩѰǰЩʱ䣬һֱػʳظ˾йְնħԴ˴ֶΣʮѩѰڶħУǶã˭֪λĹֶΡ
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Ԩ΢ЦĿ´һѩѰƬҡҡͷ˵
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ֻԨ֪΢֮·ѩѰѩѰҲ·δֻǽʳˡ


414 Ѫ
ӣʲô
ѩѰڵı仯һ峺鶯蹬ӵϡ
ѩѰһֱһɡ
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ǰ
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ԨջģЦһͶʰˣڿʼʦҪŬһЩϾʦڱǮҲ࡭
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ȻԨȻǰڹ۲ʮλѡߵһϵж©Ҳýһ
ԨҲ鷳κһȻﶼǾһδȥα棬ȥߴݼγɵġ

СſڣԨ뿪ѩѰȻһһڹĦ̫ͼʱᣬԺ󻺻γһͷޱȵľ޴̫﷨ࡣ
ͷ̫￴ֻһ㣬ȴѩѰϹȫȫһų⡣
ͷ̫ûѩѰڣɲǼɢ޾Уｵûء
Χϸ꣬Сʵ֮㶼ɲǣΪʳ
һɾصΰǵ㣬Ϊɫǰ֣ΪıƮЩƮӵ߷Ƿĺܡ
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̫﷨壬Ҳһ߽ڶǿߵС
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Ԩһֱڰй۲ѩѰ˵ı仯
ʮѡУֻѩѰ˵ı仯дԡ
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ЩԵѾʼˣ
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415 ǰ
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蹬Ԫ۶﷨ں˾Ѫڷ׳
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һţĿѩѰϣƼѩѰչ¶Ѫױɫƽֻ۵״һ˿֮ɫ
ȻǸŮޣҲػʳˣվҿһں϶ʼ澫Ѫ
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ǰܹһ̶ѹħӻԪ飬ΪҪһǣһȻ䣬ǿǰӻԪ飬һޱȵ֮·
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ѩѰĥǰ̺ĸԼԼҲ²⵽ˡл͡Ĵ㣬ֻܰλʦ
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ǩѺܿɫˡ
ʵѩѰһ㲻Ԩһӣйء
ҪִҾ̯ķʽĥҵ
ֻǰеҲժɾ
ȻȻһ㲻⣬ǱȽϺַʽ˵ǹӮ
вгҲ˦ǰˣ

ԨʱŶݹ⣬һصĵ﻽ʥ
һʥأԨȴֱӷ


416 ޲ʮ
ʥ
Ǳһһʥء
ڵ֮ϡ
ʥĹǿ滹ţʥԨһϽ⽵١
ʥУһŨޱȵĺڰ׹â
ıԴת
Ƭ֮Ȼ¶ŭݡ
Ժ۳Ԫ۹Ȼγǰ
ǰڣҵȻһλϽɫ΢ۣͷǳڵǿħµʥ̵ޣࡣ
󷽷ڲʥط
ȻǸһĻŭ
²룬δ̫ʧ񣿡
һɰѹʱһת
ûеһʱ䶯֣
ԨҲںֻЦ
֮ͣȻǲ㽲ʲô
ԨݺЦĿǰһۣͷɢϣ˵ʥͨ֪С񣬽֡е˺־أвˣտȱԲ
Ԩƽ
ҪĶһսڱС
ǱԣҪ¹ǰֲܷ
Ԩ־ڱصá
ȻڽףԨʱû
Ҳڴ֮
ûܻĴң֮Ҫ䣬Ԩɻ֮Ѿܲϲַʽ
ûֱǰ֣Ҳеòˣ
Ϊһ䣬ʵ˴ףѵͲʥڣ
״ԨЦ㲻ùΧѾıԴκϢȥ
Ȼ㲻£Ҳ
ͬһʱ䣬Ȼ𶯣ɻֺ
ϸֳһޱȹ⡣
ԨֳͬһޱȵĹԣֹ
ͬһ͵ͨס
ʥݾ䡣
Ԩƽâ֮֯£ڶʱͷ˳
һԨûѡκδطǴ߶ԳЧͼһͨ
ֻ칦
ʮ꣬ԨûзɲЧͼ
̺ź׻ֻصĴӡ
ʲôضĶࡣ
ֻּ̧䣬һ𶯵Ĺ֣һʱס۳İԵ֣Ե֮ʱһ
ʱʱƬʱվɻֲֺâ֣ݻݼţǬ棬޼ȵȺס
ɫһĻͫ׽Ƭ֮ʱ֪ʱǿޱȵȻʣһתϧԪ顣
Ԫɢ΢⣬
һ⻤Ԫ飬˿Ѿ䡣
ַ֣ɫȻ
ʥӡĵõʥ۾С
ԨָһĻ֮ϧһӡԨ룬ջѡûгնԪ顣
ʥ۾ܵظһλ۾
λ۾Ѿʧ
Ȼֻһλͨ۾Ԩ⣬öʥ۾ӡУԨ֪һӡӡǡ
ʥ۾пҲһλѪ
ûԨ֣ԴԻħֻٴħȻ֮ǰ
濴һۻָ۵׻̲ס𶯡
߽кʱһǿ򷨾
߽ǿ򷨾ʶǰλδš
ڵݶӵ𣡡
򷨾У߽УݶӣһݶӵָǸոԲԴ
ڶݶӵ򷨹Ԫ
ڵݶӵȻںϴѾʼεĴڡ
ݶӵһЩʮʣƩͨĴȡ컯ħܵҲ֮ʼضĹɱ䡣
һġ֡˳ĵ壬ּǿʡ
ɱ䣬ʺʩչǿĵͨ
Ǹʱһһܹش֮棬ӵл֮ܡ
ԨƳһ棬ֻǵ˵ĻĸŽɣһ
ȻΪĸŶ
һ̾ʱҲ⣬»ӻ֣˺һԪգٻһöУʱԨǰ
ĸš
ǴǧԨҪǰ۳ͣȻҪѡõĲϣҪعǧԴΪǧ
ִͨīɫϷзӡ
ԨƳһУ֪Ļ쵽ĸһӶʱڡ
룬Ԩһӣһʱϡ
ҲҪĶ֮һ٣вг뱾һΣúϧɣ
ԨƳһ棬Ŀһ˲ʧС
ʱЩȻϷһöӣɫŹ֡
λǿ߿Ҳô

Ԩĸ֮󣬲ûţתڻ󷨣߽ؾû½˼·ͷ塣
ʮ˳
ʥĵ̣ؾ֮أȻЩȴסԨǿĴڣƽֽôС
ʮ꣬ԨһֱͷС
ʮԨٴαֻαΪУ߽ͷһɾ޴ޱȵ׵ƺ߲ϼ
ؼ䱾Դ𵴣жɲǼ䶼Щҡ
˾޴Ҫչضѣ


417 
ǴԲڳɾ͵̵磿
ͷϣԨһ̤Ŀ߽֮ϣǾ޴Ӷݵķ
ȻֻǵһμףԨϵû𶯣ֻ۵׺档
½ֶǿ
֮ϣ徻֣컨׹ӿ
ռ䣬ա
㡣
࿴˼ۣԨѾȷԴͷĸԴڡ
𣿡
Ԩͷ
ϸʱ䣬лԭļУҲйһļ䡣
߽һϵͳе֤
Էꡣ
л͵ļУλ֤ʧˡ
ԹĦһ
ԨĿһ˿֮ɫ
ɽ֮ʯԹ
˽ʮλǿĺϵɡ
ںģУõϵصĸС绮֡
߽çʱڵħзҲ޼
ֱǵһݶӣڶݶӣݶӣԼԲ
Բؾ硣
Բֻ۷
ǻʥ磬Ҳʥ
ʥʥǵֻǽзͬѡ
çħ࣬дɾΪħеĴʥ
ŵ֮һ֮ߡ
Уޱߵ߽ÿһ֮ʱи֮һɫʱӶԭгͬһ񷡣
߽ϿյĲǿգɫ
ҫǺ
ӦþǳԻ綴󣡡
ԨͷԨ˽ɾ͵
Ǳʾ㱸תһֲ𽥳ڼԪ֮١
Ȼд۵ģÿһԪ֮ʱҲҪھ쳤֮ϵʱⳤӵĳˢǳܲסԪҲ¶ֻС
Ǵǧķɡ
ҲǴǧľ
ǳʱⳤӣתıʣȻܵʱˢ֮
±ںϣɱ
ԻԻشѹҪȡ
ԨҲǵõԪĴڣ֪ϵҪںϴԴϽȡ컯۳ô
ô۵Ĳ
ôȻҪܵشѹơ
ϾͬĴһҪܵصų⣬ͬ⣬ܹȡܹ֮Գһ壬ڡ
һɣԲϾ
Ȼܹ
ǲɣѹͻľڴǧ޴ǰͨǿ֧Ų˶ãǶʱ֮ڣ޷ôɵĴ֮ӣ䣬Զ
ǾǱǧ籾Դֱ˺ѵ塣
Ļ籾Դȡ˴ǧĳһ
Ȼÿһλɾͣᵮ
󲿷ֵȡֻѡԳһ塣
ԨеС˺ʹˡ
ȻӡУǱȻҪ䣬Ԩ̲סͷϸĦһĻ
ĿôԲ֤ż塣
ʱԨԷΧһǿħƿ߽Ͽա
ײδȶá
ĴУ߽ͷǳʱΪ޾磬һɻֺʱתɲʱԪȻʧȥ˶ʱյê㣬һն
߽Ͽգ߲ϼӾ磬ٲһĹâ񷡣
ԼԼһŨտӰ̤һƬҶ֣ɲǼ߲ϼûڣϼ壬Ĵ⿪ʼɱ䣬þӨ͸
ֻһ˲䣬ȻǶɹʱⳤӵķɳˢ
䣬ǴиֳһƬħ⣬ԴΡ
ԨĴƹ⣬ֻƬƹʵ嫡
ת˲ƹУ޾ƻƣƬ̣Ǿʮ¹򣬾һɫһöɢŰ׹ĹӸ֣ʱһɫûڴлֳһöԴӡ

ƼһĻпŵп֣ٹϵͳĽɶʱЩҡͷ
һߵЩȰ
ǵǿһ֮󣬿ɲֻǹͺͺں񣬶ǻ
Ʃؿֻ޼ȵȡ
ԨҲЩߣŵҵһҲڵŽɶصףڴʱûںˣ۳Ԫ
ǰ𣬴ƹдɢң
ȸҳ磬ӦЩ̲ǡ
Ԩͷ֡
ȴͷԡ
Ʊʱ¶˳ͷƹöɫʱѿ֮ܰ󣬳߽ɢ
ִǵЩϣ
Ԩһʱա


418 
Σ
ֻ֪
ԨԸһ롰ԪйصĴ
Ǹ»Ȩյһ
ֻɫתڶԪעħεϣһԪӿȼգͻѹȼյĸо
ǿħΪܳ
һΪۣԨε˾Ԫ񣬵ֵùʱĥ֮ʱ޿ձԴ㣬ԪԴԴתԪ
ʵѹסԪĥٶȡ
ħǿᣬԪסԪʱŵٶȱ֮Ѱͨʮǧ򱶣ȻԪ˥֮ࡣ
һЩħǿȫѹסԪһ㶼ʧ
Ƕ֣ŻԪ
ǵֻҪһʱܹȫ
ԨյĴ뾫ԪѪйأ޷þֻԼ֪ĸԴڡ
Ҳ֮¡
˭ҲԼҵϵĵǣļΪɣ֪ˣԺݣԵ׼طͷѹƣǿ¹
Ի׳֮󣬲϶ʱݻе֣һشǧƿն
Щ⽫ظûһ̤ҶΡ
ΪյĴǡ
ԨҲϸ֪
ִѹ֮£ǿԨоԪ𵴣ԪѹסҪޱߴԴС
ͷһԨ߶ȼУ蹬Ʈһƹ⣬ƹнֳ֣︡һö޵⡣
ԨĴҲǵǰ
ԽԽʵĴƬâԨ˫Ŵ⡣
ʱ䣬ԨʵһֱҲʺĵ
ѰΪʺϴĵ·
΢۾΢Ȩ
ߵػԴ
ػԴк׾Ѫĸ򣬶°빦
ߴ֮Ϊ֮ףԨԣʱ֤֮͵
ֻԨһֱ˼һ顣
Ϊһֱֻʮλףٳ޷ʮλס
ǷΪʮŴµӡ̫ڶȻȴʼ޷ԽµĴӡڳٳ޷ɾ֮
ǿ츳׵ĴڣҲ޷Խ׵Ľޡ
ǿҲֻǴ֮
ˣͲٰ֮·ȥ
ԨһֱҲڲ²⣬ǲ߽һص
취ҵ֮İ취
һΣκ֮취þɻΪǳ
ʵԨѾһ˼·ǾͰճκµĵ·
ǾǶޞ֡
ʮ׶ŸԵĵУļʱգ
ʮ׶µĴߣγƵĵҪյʮ׵ѹƣ޷ͻƿ
ֵӦûδֹܹܱԴ׳Ƿܹͻ
ǞֱԴػԴɵػԴΪϡ
ֻԨһֵ뷨
ֻΪ֤ɣյĵűԴʮ˳ĥһһɺϵ顣
ԽݣֱײҶ˷
ݹʿУǵԪҲ벻ŵɴǱ
̨һԨӨ˫ڶݵĲǻâ½ݻ̶ѾǻΪһö޵
ǧδ֪ħ
ɱԨö֪
Ԩջü⣬˴ʱǲҲѾ޴ӿе컯㶼ǻâС
䣡
Ȼ䣬ǧԻս١
Ǭڳ飬Ѿγ˵һֻ纣ɲǻΪɢķĩټһĻֺ˿˿и֡
ؼ両һ˿Ѫ죬ƲƮѪ
Ԩע⵽ǵɫЩƽ
Ǵսĩף֮ףʧˣ
ԶһоǿҲ˶ߡ
̾
һɲûٿջ
ڤڤգǻ޵̨ͬһ㻺ţƬ̻ΪһӰУȻɿ͸ݼɬ̧ۼɲǻ峺곯ķȥ
ǽ䣬ԴعǧǴԲؼĺۼ
Ҳ
Ե߽컯һ˿˶

ԨѾֽ֪˿Ȼоһ˿𺳣λһⷵͷ塣
ֻǸʼڽ䣬½½мԲ䣬ֱԺ󣬵һλ֡
Щߵʬ̵棬󱻣˽Żڶʱ֮ڣǿ߱
ԨҲҪ׼
롶תѾֻʣʮꡣ
ʮʱһתţ


419 
ԶҲԨεĶݹ⣬Ž΢һת˲ɫ
𺳲С
һԲ֤ʧܣ߽磬Է硣
ͷʱҲ˲СӰҪܳһʱܸƽ
Ҳ
𲢲ǳϵͳ߽ʮλԲУӵżճɾ͵ǿߡ
ǿ֤ʧˣܲͷӰ뱯۾
ǲ֪λл͵ôġᣬӵ츳϶ĸаգ
ţľ۵׶һ˿Ľ
ʮ֤ɣ
Ǻεţ֮ʥͽˣ
ȻҲһЩڣʥǱдԴӵħƥеĸ
һڣлעӵűɸǿĵ̺ͳʱ䣬֤ʱȻ
˦ԺĽͷܿľ֮»߽һϵеĴֱ仯
Ͼڸ߽ռʮҪķ
浱ֻǰĿǼһţúЩŵǿһٵȹ̱شֲ̫ܵӰ졣

ƼʮʱˮϢȥ
Դ󣬶ԭݷ硼ʿײɱԭ֮ıط
ͷϣԨڵǰ˫ǰһ渡ǰˮˮռڵ仯ֱ֪һΧεϸ֣Ԩһ˿Цݡ
ôãת׳ˣԭħѹôһֱҲ
ԨĿ˸ͷ
γԨҲżһͷ壬Ŀĵزȥ
ֻһ֮䣬ȴǿԽɣת˲ѾƵͷ塣
ɽ¡
Ҳһ䣬ʮľӪ֮ʧʵѾָҸϲ¥
ڱǰ䣬˲٣
ɽͼ䣬һĹУƼٵеӰ
е½Χɽľڽµɽ԰ԣȦԼ֮С
Ԩͷ壬ʱ˲ɽо޵ӵע⣬Щæפ㣬
ӣ
ʦ֣
һ·еʿԨ֮ɫ
лͺ߳ͷ壬ʮǰնɱ֮£Ȼڱ
߽ʢһλߡ
ڶڵἰλʦ֣Ҳɡ
Զһ޳ʮλϻ۷ᣬ׵ĶݹԨһæվ
ʦ֣ʲôˣ
ҪȥδҪʦ·
ն˳ڱԨ֮һ
նվ΢϶ԨβסأϺЩЦݡ
ԭնʦܡʦһǼ˷ʲ£˲ϼ츳ˣ
ԨƳһննʮᣬŮһʮֺĿһ˿˿η
ȻǸոսڣҲ֪ζʲô
ʦ˵Цˣ
նˬЦ˵ҲǼλʦʱ£ż˸ˡʦֿ뷨ⲻѡһλҲͷͥһ
նʾãʮλŮ˵ãκγһڣġ
ŮҲĿţһ˿ڴ֮ɫ
ͷУ²ǰͷ£ĿȾ޴
ԨɨһЩŮͷ΢һЩŵдɣȷ뷨һ档
ЩŮҪеࡣ
ԨºͣЦ˵ϲʱ뷨лʦܺˣ
նˣ΢ͷҲе飬´һȺ΢ЩʧŮתǷȥ
ԨĿڲԶһСɽС
Ųһת˲ʧ
᰷壬ǵһΪĵطҲǵѹħĵط
һһ壬ĵμ
ΪһʦһͽĴϵһĿʮǰ֮ڣž᰷ѹħûɢ
ʦأ֮󣬻ħĵȴ޷Ȼ
ھ᰷һеȻ˴С
Ҳû취
һƣڶǿ߶Ըǰ
ѹħͬʱγס
ߺѽ񾰵ľ˵徳У
Ǹӡ
ֱǰһλŽԸ뾲᰷Ϊߡ
Ԩϵ֮ʱÿһλǱĶһħ
·ֽһ̸İضΣһʮҵƿѹƶǧɫǡ
Сӣ
Ű籩
ԨɨһǱ꣬Ŀħϡ
תħϣ
ֻһۣԨȷһ㡣
һץʱס̵ħ


420 ܱԴ
ǺڿգеɫתԨ̧һץУ͡
ȻǺŷͬһҲԪͣá
·ת·ǻԴҲݷŭͷʱϣһ΢СɢĹâ
ԨֹԴϾҪ֮֡
Ԩֻ֪ǷԴĿʼ
ǳһͷħɱɱᱻǳѹΪԴ
ѹסΧգԨһ޳ϸָħü
ԨֱӶֻ칦ȡħԪͷһЩԪƬ䡣
Ƭ̼ԨĿһ˿ЦݣһĴԴħԪȡΪֽ֪һӻħԪԨһʧա
ȥƬ̣ܱһһδħһ׳Դŭ䣬ȴԴϳųһ⣬ʱС
ԴѵôѣʱҲǾ긦ת˲Ŀؿǰͳǽ
ⲻʦҵĳ
һλͬʦǰ͸֮һֱΪӣû뵽Χһ
÷ԴϵֵǣڵҲؼħ֮Գɿռ䣬ѹһħκħӦöӲħҲôǿ󣬺εºܾӳѹơ

ͷϣڵǰԨһ֮֡
۵׼䣬һ˿Цݡ
ͷħһλϴһԪԹδضǿܣаһž
žת
ʵϾǾתǰ
Ԩתߵ֮ܣɲǼͷħԪˡתȫ
ڷԴλδˣԨʱδᡣ
ԴҲδʱϡ
֮䱾ǡͬšδл򽻵

ڵǰԨȡתõһ⻯Ϊһ
ԨϥϸⱾǰδеġתУԨоһɺĴӡС
Ȿת·ؼܸ֮٣
ԨԪУǿҲоһǰδеء
ڲһʱ֮ڣڵǰԨ˫۵һ˿Ƭüͷ
⡶תȻıԴֺޱȣֻеɾ磬ɾг֮УҪһĵط
ԨͷЩ
⡶ת󣬻̺һ޴ܡ
ΪɣҾ֮ͨԨʱ֮ڻ
ԨͷЩ²⣺񻰴˵Уתʦ⡶תǷλӰӡ
ԨʱԺгλȫ屻
ΪΪʦ˾ŵˡ
éشġʯɵȻ׸ҲŵҵӵܣʸСת
񣬱ʹλʦҲƽϡ
˵ģáתԨʸ
ΣҪһԣ
Ժǵǣת˲
н߽磬ǱżΣȻ˾ת񹦣һҪһ
¶ģԨʱȫ׸СתţԡתԭеţػԴ
תһְԵޱȵһδδ
еġ
ԨһУת
Ԩת֮ԨԸ򵽣һɺΰڤڤи֡
翪֮ʼһ
أԳ֣ͬЩӦرԴʥ
ȷʥ
ԨתΪЩʥĹӴԴ
Ԩ۵Ļɲǣת
һʼ
һ
ȫۻϤһС
¾֮ʼ
һص̨еԨʱתɲǼǧɢתڵ̨ǰػԴâۣǧУԴԴϱȡת³ȡ⣬ΪһִıԴ
ֱԴ
Ԩ֮ǰȷĴʱ֮֮ǰһػԴҲ飬תΪһԪŞ֡
һŞûĵػԴʱѪתԭУһɸ嫵ĴԨ
ʱڣ׾ѪٴλԾʼѪ
ҽһĺԪӡҪΪҽ


421 ǰѿ
ʱԨܵһ־ҵʹԪÿһ缡
ҽʴ
Ǻ׾Ѫǿ롣
Ԫ񶼴һɫâ
ǴѪѪķ
ۺĴ׸ôܡ
ҲԼ֮ǰԵŲ׳ػԴڸ̫ڻڷҪһʱת
ĳ̶ֳҲǺ¡
鷳Ҳǻ
һɹתֻ֮ٴα
ĺ׾Ѫʱͷ·أͷ
ڵǰγһѪɫ۵ľ޵ѪɫϻתصĴԣͬһλʥ
ͷϳһǿߵĿ
ǹһĺأԵѹתƬڶǿߣ̫䣬嫡
л͵н
ˮķһεŷҡڵԶԶδתķ
λƳʵǶʵһλҵл;ܲܵƽһְ֮λá
ʱ߹ֳ⣬Ʈ˫з鶯ͷķ
ǹɴ֮ǰ𶯡
ǸһĴڣ
ҡΪ֪ǹɺ嫣Զĵϣʱ̾ѡ
ǿ߲֪Ϊƽβ֪λл͵Ѿ򷨾ĴڣԵд֪Ѿһ
²ЩĹҪ
ȷǳƵϼԪѳţ
ҡӲͷ̾š
֮ǰлԳǼԪĵһ콾˶ЩΪȻ
ȻǾʮ壬ӵҲԳǼԪţлֳʣȷ֮ʥͣԼʥ
򺣳лֵܶУ츳ߵӦлˣлڣͶ
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漰ѾʮֹǰרԽĵˣġ
ǰӦޱȵҡ֪޷Ӧ
Ա㽫´Ѷ֪ԶڱأĴߵĳ棬ϣӣ

ʵϣǵڵķҡӣ棬Ҳ½ǰĴڣ𶯵ͬʱ֮̽ġ


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ڶ೬һŶҪϢ
ԽǿԽǷǴ̫ħ֮󣬵һֲļƻλ߽г֮
ڳε˻ҲлɽоУںԭڶǿߣһٴܷĴ̫档
Ϊ˼˽٣ȡѵлɽ˾һֱڷַֺϺϣлɽе޽ԼһֱӰԶ

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һǩѺǰʵںôʿ϶Եʵԡ

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ǷԴȻԪܵȾھתתԽԽ죬·ˣǡת

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Ԩգ۾ٴĿʱ˫ƻָبĮԵ
ת˲Ǻɲʧһ֮Ѫ
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425 ͨѹ
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а
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Ԩ˫ǰӡڞתΪ⣬ʥڵʱʥûһûؾһīʯϣһǳʧ
ȻҪˣ϶ֹһˣ


426 δ֪ǿѪ
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΢У׽һлΪһƷ߲һɲʱΪɫ˿ߣ׽סԪ顣
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һѪѩѰ
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427 
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ԨĿӹյľĿ·ĻԪԨС
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Ԩ뷨룬ʱ¡
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ԨһȻʧС

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ҪԴرչأҪͼݷ˰æһ
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Դ̫ڿֲƽʱǱ֮
ʱûУʧЦ˵Ҳõģǰ֮кεƣʵǿԶȷģǳΪӣҲҪΪǿüֵӣ

ˣҲн粻ǩѺǰڵ뷨
ֻǺܿϧԨʼվû뷨
ԨӿʼֻҪһӮĽͨǰҲ޷һٿ֮֮ӣֻոһһľ²ˡ
뿪׹ȺԨ½ǰ˻ڣػңֱѹ˻ڱķԼôһ̫ꡣ
̫겢δǰԨֻ΢ô򣬶õΪͨŪһ˿ߣꡣ

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ԨʱÿһĻɫޱ仯ĿʱһСؾԨأԳ֣Сؾʱ𵴲ݣֻһֺǿѹסǵ⡣
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428 л˳
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ԨˣһЦһӣиյõǻƽΪһʱ䣬һǹڣӡ蹬ڡ
ǻƽ˵Ȼʲˡ

һ֣Ԩֻ˳ֶΪֻ֮ǱܳãҲյ뷨ϾϵĻԵѾΪá
ԨǰݵԪӦ֮ء
ȥԪޣȥ˳ޣ޾㶼ǶǿƣԨһֶΣ˳ȡòе
ѵƵ֣
ѵġ
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ǸϷ֮صޣݶΪ޾ס֮أ϶ޣԨǰɱĻ붴ֻǴǨƳһ֧֧ǿߡ
Ԩ̤֮ʱľ֮
һ߽Ͽգսâ֣ؼڿգԴֹ
лʱһٶʮٴ
һشԴʥף


429 ֮
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Ƿ׵̫˾
Դһʱնͷ
ǵâֵʱԨ͸ԼԼͷ߽ڤڤһɫһӰ
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ԨҲкʶһЩǿɵķɣδŨĽ⡣
л˵ȷǾžޣ
Ԩͷңң֪лش㣬ڼ¶ЩѶϢ
л˴гѾǻ羳۷ĵУԼţʱ˳ӣɾ򷨾֮
ֻǰУ͵˻羳۷Ե
羳۷Ҳǻʮꡣ
⻹Ϊ֤
лȫʡ
Щһվĸ߶ȣ
Ԩ˫У֪л˴ʱʵ״̬ͼжһµĺ֣Ƿ񷢻ã
ָһᡶ鱦˾
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лմȾǹ鱦˾ʧˣ
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ԨĿⰵ
ԲС
л˵ʦϾ֮һ
ǹ֮ʥ֤ͣ͵Ĵڡ
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鱦˾Ϊʦ鱦µ澭Ҫȫ鱦˾ӰҲûô򵥡

л˳֮󣬱ǻһ⳯򺣳ǵķȥ
ֻл˳鶯ޱȵһš
ʥ֮һЩǣ
ԨĿһĻл˴˴νʹġ
غ߽ǣԷħһϵϡ
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л٣ڡл͡Уλڹ߽ͬ磬Դл˵춨˵پ۵Ĵ
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Ԩһǰɽһ֮䣬ɲɡ
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ԨʱתִҲֻǽڶݶӣɵϵЩԵ
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ʱԨװݣҲκս
Ψ䣬Ԩ̤ɽУɽгɫ쾫ֻ㾫ˢĞ⡣
Ğɢ󣬰
ԨٲǰŽŲݽɫתԽң޴ɽγɫǰ
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䵭ûš

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зӰĸ֡
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ʥޱȣޱ߽仯ա
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ԲںγǧӰ
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430 ֲ
ǧӰ֣ѹƶʥҲͷΪ𶯡
ǿ񱩾ѹƣ档
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ԨŵĲһɽһشһĸо
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ԨһبѹصĴ𣬴ʱ˫ת
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Ƶ֣ǹؼ汸
ǿᣬǵƾоתԨҲаѹλʥ档
תڴѪ׼ӳ֣Զܱ⡣
ʥоԪףھ𵴡
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֮ʱʥɨһԨ⣬һɫͬûɽҪɽûӴܳȥ
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431 ֮·ٻ
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Ԩһ볤Уڽɫ󣬾ǻֱͶԨڡ

֪Ԩǹֱѡ
鶯ǷԣҪض
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ɽͨʱѹסɶҡҡ׹ҲǣԲӲܡ
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432 Դͷ
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л˸̸۴֮ʱԨҲ򺣳Χ


433 
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Ԩƹ䣬Ŀ·ԽٵĻѾϰδع򺣳ǡ
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Ӱʱһֱڶ򺣺⡣
Ȼˣ˳ץСͷ

򺣸лׯϣ˵
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434 ִսᣬϵ
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㲻̫࣬޹أǶҲҪֳֻǾһֳöһ¡нն񣡡
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Ȼл͵ĵٸһ
ǽʵԵĵݶ֤͵ȡһƴ컯γĴ
ǧִ֮֯ѾѰĵ;



435 Ǭ
ԨһŨޱȵĹ⣬㶼һ֮Ի
һ㳬ԽصΡ𵴡
ִޱ޼ʣǧ򻯣֮ĸ
ׯԣͨ£һš
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Ԩһĸ
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ʱ䣬һʱӦ㹻ҳԳ磡
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һֻޱצȻ򺣳Ǻ
ɭɭŤأ


436 ǧ
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л˵в
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ԨƳͻأǿޱȵһͬʱ֡
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ԨĿ⺬ЩĮ칬ڳǿĻǿ༯Ĵ
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ޱ߽⻯Ϊͬɽһѹ£ѹסϣ
Ул˾ޱȵһĻ
Ƕ̺ŨҼľ޴


437 齻棬һԪ
л֪Ԩǿ
û뵽ǿᵽֵز
ǰͷ˸ǿǿߣͶ֮䱻ѹס
һųޱ߷з˼
һλǿ֪ĸӷһЩɫӴĳβס֮̾ɫ
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ǧУŸֳһһǣޱǳ¶Ϊֺΰ칬ǿѹס
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443 ֮
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ڴʱѩѰĿһֻһͻȻзɳֻǰһǹ⣬ȻС
ǰ䣡


444 һԪ֣컯
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445 ǴˣЮ
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Ԩԣٳǳռ䣬ڵҪһЩ
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446 ֤
ԨĿУǰҫԽԽࡣ
ԨԭļƻУǰɵּޣֻǧ֣ǧȺǶɷ֮ʮ̫ǣԴԲ΢֮ͥȨ
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Ա̫ڵĴԲӹעǴ̫档
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˶ʮʱת˲š


447 ˳Բͬʱ֤
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ͷīɫ۳һţһյųɫīɫԪ֣ϣԪʼΡ롣
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λˢˢĽĿױķֻѭͨԴ֮ʱڶʱһ㶡
Ǻڽɫͨĵطͷ̫


448 ׷
УһħӰͬţ̫ķ
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449 ѹߣ֮
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450 նݸ
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451 ڽ
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Ƽ֮ԽԽСת˲һУɢɲ֮ϡ


452 ֽ̧
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453 һ֮
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ֱһɢһԪʼԵľѪ
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ԨĿξѪϣһ
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ԨʱͷЩ²⡣
ĿתɢɫâԼڰ׶ɫΰƷϡ
һССĹԼһĺڰױԴ
ǵ㱾ԴֻظȨ


459 һԪɱ䣬ջ
ϢԨԪС
ƷѶϢԨͷ
µûǵξѪ׾Ѫ
Ǻ׵ľѪԪ׾Ѫ
ԪŴɱ֮Ѫ
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սںһԪѾ̤׾ż
ԨԺͷ
ս֮ʣϣΪؼĵʮףֻǿҲ޷һ˻ؽ֣֮ɱ䡣
Ԩ¶һ˿ϧ֮ɫ׾Ѫ巴ûʲôãѾԯѪûҪתΪס
ȻԯѪǰڿûǿƣԨҲԯʥʣԯѪΪֻΪɻǿѪתĸ֧ǿһ
׾ѪҲԵѰŵرɣ֮Ѫڡ
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ԨһĶãĿƷϡ
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Ԩ˫̾˿ȳˣ
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ԨͷתѾӰ쵽ıġ
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ŵһԪΪƣֻһԪĴ壺ԪŴ壬̫壬ǳ嶼С
Ԫջ⣬ȫںϽһöڰ׽֯صϣǿűƽԲĵγĴ·
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460 𶯣پ۵
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λŮݸӡ
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461 ʵ
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УԴüͷһĻ۵׾ȵͬʱδû֮С
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ת˲ǾٲȻȥ
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ֻ뿪ʱһӰƿո֣ĿӰϡ
Ŷζ̤Ьٴ


464 Ŷ
ʹڣԨ͵ۺ磬дķǰصı͡
巵ϣ죬ﱻϯλڶԼɢϯ
м䣬ڶɽصƽ̣ϣԼһһƷϵ䳯
һһѣƵ컯
㲻ʱת𵤱̵񽫣Ů
ԨһЩؿ
񳯶֮ʱҩ
ֵһǣʹ㶼ڶӣ׵۹ڶ쳣֣Щ־㶼Ѿѿڽľ龳׳
Ȼֻʼ
˵񳯣Ѿһģ̣Щ񳯣
ףԴһ𣬰ƷζаصһɣȻԣŲСô
۵ײ֮̾ɫʱƼϵĵۺĿʱٱ
ֱߣһλĵˡ
ˡ
ƲһĻҲٱ
λҲһλɣʯɽŲСмλɵ֤żϵ
ֵܹ㻯λɣһеɣλŽɵ͡
ö
ϸϸƷǰѰѼǧҩԵͷ񳯵ؽ̣ѰԱЩеԺűǿɼһߡ
ò˶ãܹƷˣ
ؼ񳯶ҲоƷƣһִرԴɽӵǿoԾƷ֡
ƷƣҲŶơ
Ķ֪
Ʒ񳯣ԶçĴ½ϵĹ񳯡
ÿһƷ˶һɱ䣬ֱ񳯽һƷһԾΪͥ
ƶѾˣͥάֲסѿغĵϣ˵ȹء
ֻÿһƷسϣôʵʵģ
һֱɢԾӣȷʵһЩ˼
ܹ񳯣ôˣĽԲǷа
һ֤֮͵ҪĻ̫ڻ̫ˡ
䲻ȻƲڶλ鶯ޱȵĽ
ճ䣬ؼԪ޷ӡ
Уǹ仹ڲϼ
˵ģǼ飬δֻ֤֪Ϻεȴ١
㣡
һ룬üۼ˼Ρ
ȣɣȥһ

巵ףλ仯δûⷽĿֻǲ˵ļ
Ҳܸܵյı仯
ԪնؼԵ컯˱֮ǰӲпᡣ
⣬дѹҲơ
֮⣬˱ؽ࣬ǿЩɣҲһȫΪϵͳĴߣпɽҲ
һȴ¶һ˿΢֮ɫƳһۻʳΧĵ
۵˸һ˿˿â
һϵ
أһлζɣߵĻǹޱȵ
ɵ׾֮ǰۼ֤ڶͨߵɢ
ڳ֮ٽٺ󣬻в
䣬ԪݽߣԻѹʹӾҵؼԴĿꡣ
ƽ棬ΪǿĽɵУΪѣԪѹȣѱա
ʱһܿɽ
񳯱Ǹѡ
ιټͣǽδȻǵ;ʹδֻϣ޵֮λһλǱ޴ĵ޺
ƲϣڶǧҩǼᶨ뷨
ֻǾҪ񳯣Ҳϣһλá
Ҫ񳯵˹ܴ٣ȻҲ˼ϣδܹԲ
ֻǽɵڶҪĻᣬűԴ̺Ĵմ֮
ֻǿûлᡣ
ʱûʲôõóֵıܹڴ㣬øԴ
ڴʱŵ翪ʼɫһת˲һ巵⣬ңңӦһβٻƺ֮һ⡣
еһԽǽ֮ʱ⣬֮һһԣʱӦܲҲûֲãӶ
˸뿪巵Ŀȥ巵Χ㶼ƬƬ۵ֻ֣ýᣬ뿪񾩡
Ƭ̺󣬱һӰ֣һƻԪ
Ŷ䣿
ȻԺдϢȴûɲǴϲ
˯ͷ
ֻЩԥݱ仯йƬ̣Ҫռ˵
Ŷɢˣռ˵컯Ϊһ⡣
ħӰԺе̰
̫ˡ
Ҳ˲׷ϣæػʳǣҪͶ״Ͽɡ


465 ħȪ
ϣԨƵƵٱ
ᣬʵҫӰʱ̣Ҳᣬ
ȻԨҲ׼ϣܹһɢͶЧ
һλٶ˾
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ǾֻոӢ֮ͨѧԺ
Ȼ֮·Ԩ񳯡
ԨĿ巵һɢϣڶǧҩЩѾ˼
ҲȻǧҩǧҩҩЧΪһ¯һλɲѣȴǵʳģֲƴ֣ڶʿȡ
ֻת˲ԨһֻԱһλŮʹҴǰ֮϶Ｘ䡣
ԨĿһԪʶ߶΢ü˸ƬѾ֪ǰ
ĿӣԨȻ˵ȥһȥȥͻأЩдһ
ȥɣ
ס
ƫڣڵȴŻظ
Щ˼֪ϱϢټһĻرܵõŶĸλ͡
Уʱһƿճ֡
Ѿ֪ˣǵҵǾŶ䣬񳯶ᱡÿһλй֮
Ӱһʱ򣬿û˵˾Ŷټ
ǵ֮ܣ
𶯣æ˵
л£
Сȷ¾ް٣СΪһʱӴһݶǵϤСɽ˵ģݣ
һӣиֳһطת֦֦˫ɲǻһâС
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Ԩһ֦аһŲԺ뵱ĻֺŶӡ֤Ŷеһȷмơ
ԨҲŶͣǡ
һλһϽɫ⻮գɲʧƫڡ
Ƽǵڴת뿪˿ͬʱĵֹסһ˿ϲɫ
Ŷڴü

ŶԨԣȻü󣬲ܰ񳯼ӿתˣƷҲкô
Щ꣬ԨһֱŶ䣬ֻһֱ޷ҵ
ǰŶԨȻܷŹ
һƬɽϿգһѪ⴩գٶȼ죬ڿٳɽķϻء
ֺȪ˱׼ϳɽѪӣС
Ƭ̣зеѪȻײһƬϣͷּһǻΪɫɲȪεɡ
ʲô͵Ϯүү
ŭУλΪһѪɫγӣת˲ȴµһɫǵȼǱԻ
УһɻֺѹȻ֣һüθ֣İ䣬ޱǺɢŨޱȵâɫתأѹʮء
ӰأԳ֣Ȫ˶ٸԴؼĽȫһϹѹһСܱյա
ɲǣȪ˶ʱ
ȵȣ£Ǻħڵǿߣ㲻ɱң
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ƣ֮ǰ񾩳Ͽռʶ
Ǵ֮۾Ԩ
Ȫ˰Լù
ԨƳһλѪתĵˣҡҡͷΣаħ˵֮
ұ𱳾ʹʱӻñɻһħǿߣ
ԨЩЦѾܾûмôħˡ
ӡУ󲿷ħɶ׼ġ
Ժв޺ħڵļ䡣
ӦǶ֮š
Ȫ˫дһ˿ңæ
£Ǻħڲһڤӵͳؼǿĵͳ֮һԪ棬ǺĵеĴ޵棡
޵ȷЩʹʵŮ֪ʥǺεȴڣ
ԨЦӯӯ˫λѪƵħӰϣħӰϵȷһƻֺޱȵĴˣȻͬһ㡣
Ԩ⣬ԣЩ
֮δֱӶ֣ΪħӰϣδҵŶ䡣
Ԩֱӵ⣬ӴŶ˵ɣںδӴ
Ŷ
Ȫϵһ䣬Ȼ
۵ЩŹ֣Щͷۡ
ԴӴ󶦺δκǿй¶ȷһ֮⣬ûħ֪
ǰλ֪ģ
Ȫϵͷ⣬˿£
У˫Խɢź⡣
æ˵˵󶦾ɽ
ϹɽɽԨüͷ΢һ壬һֻ˳Ȫˡ
Ȫ˶ʱ۴Уſǧ磬ħɽʱʧ١
Ҫõħɡ
ɽ
˵ΪɽɽڴˣƬɽ󴨣ɳеħ
ԨλһϹ⣬нǰɽǰ


466 һԪ֮㾡
ɽԹɫʡ
˵ضལ
ɽ콣һɽҲڶɽĴ˵
Ԩγɽ콣Ͽգգδǿߵע⡣
ƾʱУעⲻǽҲμ
ԨĿתüһſ
Ŀں󣬴ʱѾɱ䣬Զ۾
գ콣һҶϣһλӤ˫ӨϵȻ˫ΧһƬʸ̫컯֮
ĿʱǰǰУ΢΢ҡҷľҶ΢𶯡
ڿɽ콣
Ҷɽرѹ콣ˣЩ仯쾰
ϵͷ𶯣ݲɫֻµ΢΢һһƽϢӽɲǽۣڴһöķĹŹϡ
񾵣̽ɽ콣Χı仯
ʯ棡
УԨĿɨλϵһЦ
ɽʥֱʯһ
ʥУʯǿλнɡ
ʯǰǿصΪԨԲס࿴˼ۣɽĪ⡣
ϵɽѹаһ
ֻƾ֮ܣȻԨټ
ԨĿƿĿɨգɽɾ΢ɨΪϤӰ
һλĿⶼ̲סͣƬ̡
ǵӰŨǹǹЩ
ǹһöǳ
ǹңһŨҵɫâ
вѾλʦ
ϲ
ԨɨӰ΢Цݡ
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ƾʮ޳ֻǿʦı֣Щˣ
ļλˣʯҵндʣǰɽ̫幬ֽԺзţѾǳλ֮λҲԶˡ
ϲЩ޶ˡ
ȴҲȴĺôϯһȹޱȣδϣȡһ
ԨȥƬ˫ѾɽһѪۡ
ؿ鲼ҫŻɬ⻪ǿƣγһ΢ϽĽ·ұϣ·ȵѪӡ
ѪΧλмǿϵһ
ЩڣԨɽʥеλһˣˡ
Ѫ۵Ĵڸɽ콣˲С鷳ѪаʱаħҲĥɽ콣ʿȻĥʯ
ɽһʿҲѪ۵Ļᣬ⹦
Ԩμ죬ֱЩƣûоκʿǰ£γһѪڡ
Ѫ۾޴ĿۻѪ⣬ͨ˴ͨڤȪ
ѪۺƵаȣЩֹѪת˲ڶʿľѪѪӻ̲Ϲɽ
ֻƺԨе麣ȣСˡ
һתѪ֮ʱһת˲Ǳ˳޴ѪԪ㶼Ϊƿء
һԪƿһԪ֮ܣ
һԪ۞֣ΪԪʼ档
Ѫ֮аҲһԪݻ
ԨһѪƣѪеĵ
ѭһޱȵӦת˲ԨѾҵǾŶڡ
Ԩһһ⣬ɲǱǳһƬϺѪҺĿֲ֮ء
ؾ
ԨĿɨΧ۵״ʱЩȻ
ƬһƬΪɵĴؾѹ޷ֱӸӦŶ䡣
ԨĿת˲Ƭؾ룬һɫͭ
ݶ
󶦣Ԩһ۾ϳ󶦵
ϾԲŶ
ݶͬӡ֮һ
ͬʱע⵽ƬؾУ⺬Źޱȵı仯ɢŻֺĴɫħȾ߲
ȥԨһЦǺôӣȻҪħݶ
һӣһ峺ɨգ֮䣬Ǭ𵴡
ֻѪ¡¡ؾһƺںâζ֣ΪһޱȵħסؾݶħⲻϴѪӿעݶС
ΣԨԽŭݶ¹ɽ𢣬ǾݶħƬɽǸ
ȡݴ˰
ԨֵͬʱһֺħӰƾճ֣ؾħձ
һ۷ŽĿֲħ

ʱĿ׶ޱȣͷؾԪֻȻħ
ɲŭһвħɢΧɫħΪϰͷ׶ޱȵаħԨצĳ
޾Ҳ񣬸һ
ԨεۣΪһԪһԪΪһֺһ岨նɲħɲǻΪء


467 ݶײ
նħʱΪ촷ۡ

ŭޱȵ֮
ݶϵӰڿնħֻ񱩵ħŸո۳ͣһɫš
΢ʹ콣ʽ
ֻĿ㶼ɱ¾֮⣬ٵ֮⡣
ǸոڿնӰŭֻޱħۣһħù
ħճ٣̮
ҲϹŴȻǴ޵棬Ϊǿĵǿߣþݶ꣬ԪȻֻǲؾۣҲŵˮ׼
ɿֲײ⴦ؾͬĻɽ⻪ײձѡ
ؾΪأԴԴѪȪָؾ
ֻƣȻѪΧڶصϵ
Щ˼ֻҪݶȻʸ񲻹
ֻݶϿգǵɫӰԽԽǿΪãֳϹħʳصĿֲħܡ
ɫħݶΧԻΪһպϵľ޴ڶԲݶΪģʼ̲ؾ
ⲻ֮ܣ
ԨǾ޴ڶһָ΢ۣٴλΪ֮ƣնǺںɫڶʱһա
ֻԨԪںɫħתת˲Щ
Ǻڶʵֻʵת
Ҳ˵ǰλĵһȻʵתЩ
һͨȫִ塣
Ԩ̯ɽתɫѹʮء
޾֮ɢ
ͬء
һʮ
зɱǧ硣
ֻ֮ţǬɣؾڻ磬ڻһһΡζڻڣͬʩŻ磬ԣһԪһž޴Ԫ̥ѹаںɫħ
ǺںɫӰα仯ΪһӢдĮȻĺӰ
˫ɺɫĿ΢أԪֻһƬȫİشбǿз޾Ԫģѹ£ռС
л磬Ǭĵе㲻񣿡
ҲǻսḻԷ֢ܶҩ
Ԩȴûи̽˼ʱ䡣
ǧգԨһѹʵĴͨƿն
һָճ翵޾ĺڰתһ̲ʵΰͨγɡ
ڰ׹âղѣ쳹񷣬ɲǼԪͣŽһַ״̬С
۵ĴͨΧͣ٣Ƭ̻߽⡣
ֻ칦麣Դ
ŵĹâ޾䣬ֻĩ
״̬Ȼǿ󣬵ֻݶڣרԪĵĴͨʱѹסԪ顣
ޱħԪݶϵиֳһŨ
ע˥ΰĥԪ顣
ֵȻЩӣСֻϧҪСˮǺ⣡
ɨԨ˫Խ⣬ֻ·ݶȻһֺӰ򷨵š
ľˣ
Ӱ֣ѪӴؾͻȻ̮ޱѪݶУɻֺΰֻ칦һѹƣݶҪƿշ
ݶ
ԨһݶƬؾڣʱ㣬׼ؾݶ
ݶΪŶ֮һ̺ŹϺľɽӴ
Ԩֻ칦Ҳȫѷɫ
ֻ칦޳ʱж̣޷ȫĥϡ
ѲǳԨԪˣ֮á
Ҫ˵ܵǾǸЦ
ݶҪƿշߣ
ȻԸǾֻд
һӣб鲼ޱǹ⣬ǰüɲǰסͼӶݵݶ
һƬǹǺ֮¡
ǧȺǶɷۣ֮Ƕ
Ƕ£΢ӻݶķɶݣԨĵڶֶת˲
۾ɽӶ
Ԩֺޱȵ񳯵֣иһ񶦡
ͬͭ񶦣ȴ̺ΰ
ɽӶ
ӿȣɽѣ
ֻպȻһ죬ײѪ۶ɲǱޱ߻˺ѣǬ׹һľ֣ɽڵضɽҡ
Ա߲ɽˣʱݺȻһĻޱ籩Уת˲ɽʯ飬Ѫɡ
УԨЦѿݶݺײ֮Ȼֲܵײľ޴ɣɲ۵Ԫ˿µƣ˫ǻһƬ۵ޱߴײԳĿֲ
ԨԪоһɿֲ֮ѭɽӶӶֻǱ񳯴ԴԴжȥִԪʱ㱻չȫȥ
û񳯵̰æ壬ײ顣


468 Ʒ
ԨץסᣬδԥűϹٴݶײ
ײÿһײǬѡ
ѪؾѾ
ĿľȻУһ۵Ԫɲ顣
ǿֻǲؾۣ벻ݶ
ȻԨɱԪӡݶֻʱ˯
񵽵ݶ֮飬ݽĻӻ꣬ž޴ĹˣԻɱ
ֻ޷ɱ޷
Ԩ̧һУʧȥԪٿأݶʱ
Ϊ֮ԨԵݶĳϡ
мԪһжðĶࡣ
ԨɽӶţɽӶرݶת˲񶦽һ˿΢ϵ·𿴵ݶһЩƬһŨü۵ĸߴӰеľڴھݽĵ㣡
ЩҲԾݽ
ݽ֮ʱԨĪ״Ŀֲ˾ݽ磬޴ľݽɲǳѷ죬ǧѷվ¾ݽ˺ѣڴиɢ
ݣһɢ֮أһЩǿУ渴յľԪЮȥ
ǱȽ鷳
Ԩֽݶڣָ˴꣬ɽӶҲ֮С
Σոݶ޴
񳯡
һݶת۵Ʒ˳
ԨɨҲע⵽ĿΧԼһһϢɽɵӣһӣһɫ⸡֡
һöССʯɫâת컯֮䡣
ɲǼ䣬ֻɫµĵطɽ޲ؾۣ뵹⻪һֱನĵϣֻǵ˿ڴոµƤ
һҲ״̬תΪ״̬״̬ĵǳ׻ָһƿϵɽʯӶֱ۸첲
ˣ
ڶãȻĹˣֻԼתɫʡ
дͨˣ
Զδʱ⻺ӽΪ׵ǴҴҸʯ档
ǣһ˺ˣΪɣǿֻһЩˣɫǱһܣ۵׻һ˿긦
ϵĿȥѪڵѪӴʱѾɿݡ
һ޴޵Ԩİдͬ䵽
Σ𽥾ۼɽԲסʧ

񾩣巵Ȼɣڶڵۺĳ£𽥿ʼ֤ţһӵܣǳԺʿֽ߳нʤŷĽ
񳯲ƴۣ
Ԩʱ巵ϣĽݱǰʱǿڵ
Ԩ֮󣬴Խҡ
ۺƼԨأʱȻһЦĿиһ˿Ц⡣


Ԩۺ
ڿɷ֪ǰĵе׳˺£
Ԩ¡
ʵµڣķϣۺƳһЩԨ˵£𰸿»ЩʧʹҲȷϢ
ţ
Ԩüͷš״˵ʲʹУ
ҲӼλʹһЩǶǵϢⳡһսЩϵǿŭնϴڳ׷˳

ԨΪ仯Ǻεȴڣܹ־춯ص顣
Ԩ̾ͬʱЩѣü顣
ִ¼Ŀˣͨвٻ˳֡
£׼ôҵǷǳ֮ǰļƻ
ĿԨ˼
Ԩҡҡͷ˵ƻܸģǿԵһ£
ԨԭļƻȻǾƷ䣬֮󽫴񳯵Ŷš
ҲãҲǸᣡ
ۺ鲻䣬ԨĴ㣬ʮֻ֧֣żԨ©ȱ
֮ݻ仯δǴ񳯲ֶĹĻᡣ
Ƭ̣ԨҲἰ˴ջݶĳҲΪȣϲ
ݶĻع飬ζŴ˷ӹɡ
һݶĳζŹټλ֮ȫлջľ񶦡
ȥʼΪ׼񳯵һƷʽ
ϵƷʽλʳ˲δо飬ֻеۺ壬֪ϸڰ
ƷʽݱʱԨô˻ᣬһ;
ʱ;Ѿʮ
ɣǲ
ÿྭһģ壬֮ͻǿһ֡ٶྭģ壬Ԫؽһɱ䣡
ĴͨһģģħУֱճɡ
ΣֻҪɳĹ죬ѽٲͷ


469 ǻ֮
Ԩſģģһƽɫ岨
ɫԡ
Դξ֮ºԨ̺һ֮ʵǲ˼顣
Ͼ֮£ԣҲǿı֮ܽȫ뻳С
Ԩʱ֮ڣѲȱ¡
ϣһģѾ֡
ģǷ񻨷ǧСһģ壿
һŵʥΣףѩʨۣͷǣһ⻪תĹ񱦼Ȱ󾫹ͼ
ԨĿһ൱ģ塣
ɫģ
·нܣΪϹŰʦǻ֮
ӵƶף֮
֪ĵ֪ëƤ͸ȥδ
Ȼսǿģ壬ȴǸѵģ塣
ԨĿⰵ
Դݵع֮ݵ֮ԵЩߣǰڵܵռҲܵӰ졣
ܽǻۣɲݵ֮ȫǰȱݡ
Ƶ֮
磬Ϊ֮λ磬ڴϣȻֻǳͥңֻгɵ֮
ɵߣҲ
ẉ̂ǾǴԲɼң֮ɡ
޽ɣеҪӵĴڡ
Ԩ˾޴Ĵۣڽɾҵ˵·֤ԣŵ춨˵֮
ҪɵҪĳԸࡣ
ܹϳԣ֤;
Ƕһ޶ġ
ؼжʿܹһδγԺȫˣ
ÿһγԣһЩǿԣҲž޴ա
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ԨֽģУ۵һ˿Цݡ
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470 Ʒ
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ʱԨҲע⵽вǿԪ͸նע⵽˳Ͽյ˲
Уţ
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471 ֮ܣ
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472 
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473 ֮
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474 ԡ֮
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ִﶫԴΧǿһƬ߲תı֣Χ߲ϼγ޾ȣȦƬֺԻ
ȻҲɭϡ
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ЩԴలǰ߶ԣǾԵĽأڰλӶԣȴǿԳͨ衣
ִƬΧһҡҷһ徻ΰo߳ų
Ŷԭߣ
ĦҮoΪһ࣬԰oȻݼΪ󣬵ǺͳĴڱȽ϶ԣȻʲô
λoˣҲ֡
ĦҮعų˵
Ӵˣֵ߱ˣ
ŶѾ𣿡
ԨѾ߳޳Ѿһɫᱦ֮ǰ
߱УΪһľ
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475 ᣬ
һԴ¡
ǰľһľ
УһҲϴ
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Щһ֮Ϊľԣǻۡ
ˣľǡ
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Űľ鰵һЦľˣǲ壬ʺ񣡡
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ԭѾ˾飬ֻΪ׵İУԪ飬г֮󣬱㷢ԸҪԾ;ȻľԪ顣
ÿ꣬붫԰ǰһľԪ顣
ԨľƬ߲ת߲ۣΪģ컯ǧľС
߱󷨣
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в⣬ȻѾҡ

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Աߣء
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ԨʹۣΪһ磬ΡӰ
ϸȥԨ·
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ͣ˲飡
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ֻȻؾľԪ
ýһţ
ԨĿתΪͨת
һĴĸ֣ء
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УڶֲޱȵɨӶע⵽Ķ
ǵӣӾ˺ʱգ
У֪ףڲΰĿžȡ
һʮֺֻͨзŴͨߣͨϵγɸ򣬲ܽнӴ
ԨɲǼ˺ʱգɲһööʱԪƬȻۣΪģľС
ˣ
ľ𶯣Ԫۣ򣬻ҵ⣬ʱȻһٴ¶ʱ鶯Ҳ
ٱ٣Ԫ黹ڳ˯ȷѾ
Ȼĳɹˣ
ĦҮһ˼ֱ
ϵ컯ɾȻ컯δ˵츴գؾԪ
ֻʮɸߴľϣһ徻鶯Ĵ£׹̨ϣʿֱ
ľ֮ܣɢ⣬ʿӣ
ԨҲЩֻǰӡһԵļӳ֣ϡ
ԨԪɨӣƬ̱չҪ⣡
ͬʱԨע⵽УһЩ鲻䡣
ƲԨĿЩ糱ˮȥ
ǣӴˣչ˺Ƭ֣Ҳҵְڣ
΢֡
Ԩһسϣֻеȥ߱칬
ĦҮԣʱһ࣬߹֣ǿ첽ϣųٳԶȥ
ԭأ仯ҲһЩ˼߱칬ǱߵŭλӴˣ

Ԩǰ߱칬ʵԭûĸӣֻΪʱŵһִɣģĵһ׶οʼ⣬ģƲаƬԪʶиܵʱ䡣
ǵ㴹䣬ڣԨһƵ֫ٺԨȻȻתתķţȹУתĵ̡
Ծת´壬ͬʱĥȱ汾ħȱݡ
ԾתԸһй޲ħȫȱݡ
зʽԨȻзΪ׼
㻯񹬣۵ԪƿǱܼޡ
Ƭкͺż࣬ͨսԷݵ
ÿһλгɵǿߣսǼ֮֮䣬ͨ
Ԩ˽⣬ɾģӦһ
һ֮ǰоؾ
һ֮ʥˣʥ
ںǵ硣
ɵȻԲԨҲ֪ǷǴ޽ɣһɵۣżǵ
ܹγɱ
ܲ༫
ųưϵȻִʥ˾磬ʮ޳ʥ˾磬ȻǼ˲õģ
гɾʸ
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滹ڶలһĳϻۣʱһ
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Ҳ켶ʣĪ⣬ԿƼ幬ת
ʻһЩʱ뱸УԺ۲һ
⡭Ҳã
һʼǣ𽥱һλλͨ
߱칬ǰһѡŵĵط
Σ黳̫壬߱У̫Ǭͨ쾢ҲѾ޳ɣǷ貹󷨣ԼǬ˾
ͷԣʱһǬĳϷ²ף߱ÿһŶǲ˫Ժʲ޷ɣ̫Ʒ壬ײܲ߱ļӳ֣
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Щ콾κγǲʳУǳͣóһΪЩеĴˡ
ڲУȻһЩ
Ҳֻае֮԰ϵӣ
λӱ仯Ŀ⿪޾ת綴
һеı仯
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ôˣ
УһǿӰ۵һĻ
뱾Ͳ࣬һͷһΪڣҲֻЩǿߣơ
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ЦҲҪ߱칬˴α
ڣԨ΢˫һ߱칬ڶӰ߱칬ǰϵһ֮أҲһ֮ء
ԽԽ߱칬Ϊһֵúܴ֮Ĳǿ߶Щۡ
Ԩû⣬ֻǵ˵壬ʱû׼ֻ·˵أżã
׼
ϵͷԱߵλoǰȥ׼
԰ͻƿļأʵϲǶϣ϶Ϊð
һİĿǰΣҲֻаõó֣档
ԽǿʿȥҲҪ༸ֵ
·ԣڶలʿҲ׷׽Ŀ鰵Ա仯ʲô֮ġ
ɶϰţڳһ޴ɾ밲С

ʱϵɱ䣬ȷѾѹƲסˣ˰䣬һ֮·
ֻһɫģ壬ԨȻĺô
Ծˣܵðӳ֣Ȼܸһ
ģ崫УԨΪҪĵšǻ
ǡǻǰģ壬ΪĵĴС
ǻΪ
ִйԲϿԪģԪǻ֣֮ӳǻۣԣ
ԽǿγԽԽǻ֣֮ﵽһ˼ľء
ԨŹʮֿء
ڴ֮ǰҪǣڻͨϵһͨһΪصĵǡ
ԨΪصıǴǡ
ֵǻǣ
󲿷ǣͨҲһЩڻԵɺУ⹦ǡ
̺Ǳ
ǵĵ̺Ŵ޵淨һ˿
Ԩеľתзıϣ
תʣÿһǶӵŲ˼ܹУһܶӦһЩĴͨ
ϼصһͨһ޳г֮󣬻һǣǺϵǡ
Ҷ棡


477 ת棬
̨ؾ
߱칬ǿ
̫߱Ǭͨ쾢󷨣Ǭ˾ת̨
ֱڸԵĴŷ˼ܣƩ߱;
̨ؾһԪԪĴؾ
ؾŨ쾫Ԫ塣
Ԩ̨ϣֻͬһǧ˾һԪϹ
⴦ؾ־ںΨһ̫ʼӡȻʩչƿⷽؾ
һǧ羫һҲȲӵֲ̡
ؾҲǳǧһЩ֮Ĵǧǿץ갾ƣγؾ
ԴԴϵؾںϣԨתתļ졣
ĵΪ컯֮ɱ
תĪ⡣
һ˵ͨһԨǿſǡ
ԪʼٵأΪ죬ΪءУһվű䣬죬ʥڵء
ÿһͣŷ˼ܡ
ſǺһ㹻Ԩ٣֤һĥѡ
ټһ˵ͨ۵ĺǣԨؾۡתϣԪʼ
ֻ壬Ϊ̡
ֻԨ仯䣬̨ϸֳһߴʯʯ֮һԨ߽⣬
һԨȡֻصľ顣
ȻһΰģĽҪȫ԰ķʽܷ塣
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תһֻ̥һƿֲħʱΪתĥתΪһöö̥
һħէ֣׼˲ħµİӡ
̥ԨԪһ߰˷ƵħӰȻԪ֣תĵħ⣬ɲͻΪһ𲻿һħӰ
ΪЩĿһ·
Ц
⵹Щ⣡徹֮ܣȷ֮ڱԺγһϲǲ֪ܷлڱػ
ڰһħԭֻΪӦңΪǱⰲϵһʱ䷢ְ״ȷû뵽ı仯
ħӰ֣һץʱгһͷֲֿӰֲӰںڰУΨһ˫Ŀ֮ۡ
ۣ֮ڰ䣬ϲʳؾһ
׶ޱߣ
ۼħӰԨȴȫ⣡
֮ǰҵһڻˣ
Ԩݲ䣬ֻ۵״һ˿Į
ħӰǿֻһħ
۷ʱӦԨı壬Ҳֻǲָ
Ҵ˵ػ
һԪ䣬ǧ磡
ֻ䣬һһ֡
ͬɣ
޾ֺȡ
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ޱȣŨŨɫʣҲԪ
ѹɺڰȫرԴϵи
ǹİĺڰԨΰҲǿĥ
ҹ޽ѹ磡
ǵڰԴͷһβݣһ۵ޱߺڰ𵴣һǧ綼ɣʼȾǧ硣
һڰīˮһȾ
Ԩ΢üͷⲢǧͨԷǴ̫ʥ˾֧ŲǧĻֺ
Էʵʵֻһ߷ûҲʡ
ѹǬΰԶ֮ϡ
Ԩδ⣬ǹħĺڰħƿնв֪ʱһ޸޸أԳ֣޾ħֵζʱ˫һ
ɲǣֻԨμͣΪһصĿֲħһޱȵĸһĿֲڰɲ貸⣬Ϊĭһ㣬ʧ
ٵأɳУ
һӺԨ΢ζƳһУǱʵһľ޸ɲ
Ҳܲǿٵһϵѹȡ
зַΪ쳤ؾãȻ̺һһڶʱ֮ڣӵȫһܡ
ַͨǸ贫˵Ļ֮Ԩȱ
ĥħӰһɴؾΪǧתʱתһǴ̥ʱ»ΣΪһʮİꡣ
ݺͰ߰˷ƣǷϻֻͯǰתĴ⣬춯ء
ʱѾ˵һǡ
ȡ˵һ߹ǡ
ǳɾͣʱ춯صΰΣؼﰵ޾İת
˿̣޾ڰ޾ҪΪһƬŵĺڰ
ڰչ̨̲ɾڳ߱칬ȥڰħƬʿĿ⣡
ƬبŹ컯ľһĺڰ
ͬһħ
ڰһɨݽߣħҪħ
ڶʿæĬԣѹѹͷħ
һǣȻӦִԴ
Ԩ˫ĹɫҲЩ죬¶һħ̥Դйأ


478 ǰδеķ
ŵĻֺǿֲıԴһ޶
Ԩݣһ͵ǣӦ벹ıԴйء
⵹ǲá
һǿԨԲûл
Ԩһϡ
ÿһǶӵŶصıԴĹ򣬻ᵮһǿֱ漰ģԨԲ
ԨУһ⣬ȴը˹
ͻأֲ׳֣ڶoʿۡ
ֻǺܿаһǿ߳棬ٷƽ粨
ֻǽڶʿoӷڡ
飬һη粨ԴͷڵӰϣǰͻ֮ס
ʿo۷׷ףв²⣬˾ף֪λӴкεͻƣŻľ޴仯
ǿ߻ɣʲôط
壬Ѱ֮طӦҲɱ⣬컯쾰ڳ׺ֲס
֮ǰʵڲ꣬ڶʿoԲסв²⡣

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ڣʱа˸λã˸λϣΪ׵λһλبźΣϻţŻֺѹ
ϣؼĹŻʣִȨԵϡ
峤ӵ״̬Щ֣
ףʱҲһһĿֲӰ
ƣԺһ𵴣һ޳ӣʱ޿̲ڹ
޾ӵΧձ޾⻯ΪһƬƬ
Ŀ߱칬
߱칬ĽƣסӰĿ⡣
ԨʱؿǿҫĴԴλֲڶԲס¶֮̾ɫ
ֺɱǵֶΣʵǷ˼
ͨУǣֻĸ̥δ˵ܺ졣
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һǰδеķ
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һΰסǿС
޷ַĺۼ
Կ϶ڷһ־춯صı仯
ǰĻԵκ˶޷ȡ
ǵڵϵӰһֵӵɱٶȼ죬ò˶ãӦܳǣʽԶκһλ֤֮ǰؼҰϱؽٴγһλȼʼĴڣҰʼ棬Ұ̤ǰδе۷壡
˵λĲģҲ΢΢
ⲻǰļҲǲ尲ϵļ
˸Ĵ𽥳ʼ侲Ƭ˵ӦǴħ壬ǸԵǳøòҼһĪУ
νԵпɣ־Բˣ
£λݲ䣬ȴλ峤ķԸ֪λ峤в⣬뷨
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ڣһǧ񽫣һƣ֮ǰħԨ
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ͬʱȫ䱸
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ħԨһ޴ĺڷУȺУЩΡ룬ѹһħԨء
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ħԨ⣬Ҳǳƣ·κ֮⡣
һƬһƬϵŵɡ
һƬ΢΢ɵһλźµΡӰݳţ˫һ˿Ũĥ⣬ɫתһΪģΧһƬƬֺħӶеֻӶڿħԨԣֻǲ׺һڡ
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ײаǰħԨΰҲע⵽˲ϣһΡӰĿڡ
ĵͬʱʶסа
ҪõĴڣԽҪס
Ͷֵǿߣϱܡ
а¶ĵ۵˲СȤЦУӶУħԨһһɱڸգȫֵǰȸɱ¾
ΧħԨҲڱ仯һһֲڰаħħԨ۳ͣħԨĵ̣ۼ
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ֻɲǼ䣬ؿ׹䣬ѹħԨħԨµᴩħԨ⻹ֻǸʼ
ֻһλһ˦һչ¶һ͵ĻֺΰʱͣձаΪˮ̥мߣٶȿʱ⣬ȴת˲סΣסΣϳžС
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484 ߱ʱ
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485 ޵е
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λڵһϴ̣Ҳǲĵ̡
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΢΢һ٣֮ڣܴ
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ԣеĴڣ仯
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𣿡
⼸λǿ䣬Щɡ
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Ȼǲ𣬵̱𣬿ҪһЩ׳ɾǿ֮
޵۱׼۱ٶĴʥҲֻǰ׸
̧Զδɡ
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ǡ
۳ɵ֮ǰҲûֲ
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ϢǴ½©ǴӰϱ©ò

·ϱѾ
ɽХһţɱ¾ڹ䣬ǧΪµìԨɨȥ
ľڲ񷸡֡
Ȼǰİʼվֻһֱ顣
޶õ飬һλµϣ
סڶǿߣҲֳŻƽɫСӣʱ׼ֵҲסж
ͷ
޵е̬ȾܺҹΪһֵˣעҪ߽


486 ֲת
Ԩһֺſ
ЩֺԪγһȦȦɫޱ鶯֡
һȦһȦ
ܹȦ
ͬɵķӣֻؼʥǻܰǾŵԪȦŵʱеİʥ
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ǻ澭һ޳ǻ֮֡
ʥ˾
ʥ磬ɳɾ;ŵǻ֮֡
ÿһǻ֣ܼ֮ӳԺǻۡ
ǻ֣֮ԨԪ֮󣬿롣
ڰ߱ؾڣչʮأײǰ״ġ
ʱȻδ·𾳽磬ԨԪļǿԶλ֤͵֮ǰ
Ԫǳ
İǾ޴ġ
Ԫһתһǧ
Ԩǻ澭أҲнΰ
ԪſԸֵٶȣٶȡ
ԣԨɿ˷Ӧڹͨİٷ֮һɲǰ֡

ɽӣһԪ֮
ԨԪ֣һԪŸ
һԪŻεڳ֣ջΪһ߹ڲתĻֺӰԨڡ
ɲǼ䣬Ԩ߱
ԨԺһֵ߱һ
߱ϱĴס
߱һ
һҫŨɫƿմ̳
⣡
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Ԩͬ˫γѪ˵ʹ
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Ǻɵһλǿߣ
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ͨɫ޾پ죺ôܶռҹԸΪҼҵŮǱҰ֮ˣҰ֮˿˭
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һֶǬİԵ
ְԵţλŴͬʱһֺȻ
ҲλȸĲࡣ
ת˲ͻȻֵ
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ⰲ˿ֲߣһδֿ±֣˵콾
ô
˼Ҳڸĥʯ
ԸװԼ콾ʯ
ûţ


487 Ԫʼ
ȻҰϴսһҰҲ㵽ףҪսǾ͸ս
λȸ̬Ȼһǿơ
ü䣬Ǿâ
ȸ񵶹ҫ񷡣
ǿߣв
ڶԿλȸֻĿڶ𶼲Ըǣͷ
ȻˣǾСһʿȥᣡ
ʱУһΰӰ١
һλŨɹǿ
صľϵĹ
գoݵϼ⾰
ǬɳĽ
һλɳߡ
ɳλ⣬ʱؼľްԡ
ǬɳҲΪϵĴɳɵߡ
λ߿ڣһһڣǴٳ˴£ðЩ졣
ΪҪҰϣ
̧ͷţλ
Ǭɳߣͷ١
ǬɳͰϲѡ
У䣬Ӧ˿ⰲǿ߶ʱʧȥ˻ᣬʱڶǿͷԸ⣬Ҳֻű
Ǿô죡Сһʿǰᣡ
һλλǿ̬߱
Ҳ㣡

УսѾһ浹
Ԩתչ¶Ͷ֮䣬һٵصľ߱һɫɱݺᣬǿƥ
ɫ֡
ѣֹۺϡ
ǹŻʱǱɫˢߣѹ
ֻһλѱɱɢˣԪ֮ۺ˥Ȼڷޱ⣬ͼɱ
Ԫ⣬֮𵴣δҪΪһѲɫ쵶ա
Ԩ״⡣
ǧĵûɱ
׻ɱһЩ
ս׷Ѿһʮּ˵ľء
֮ûλĵľͨ
ֻأ
Ԩһָ
кڰ׶¶ĥһɢƬԨٴ֮ס𣬲ĥɫ⣬
ڰֻ֮תһҳҳſ粦һ㣬˺ɢɫɲǽԪ̲ѹ
ֻҳת˲ֹ˹켣Ԩһӽõ
ѹһ
ԳɵĴʥ֮ѹԨıֿƾס
ȷ޵콾֮ˣ
ԱߣλĿһĻĵԲס𺳡
Ȼų𣬵ʵֻǸƺš
ȴǰƺŸʵˡ
Ԩ˹һ˫ƽһѹ
ɢȥתĻ⣬йŻʱ½Ԩǰ˵
˺ɵֲҪᣬΪУ
ǱԨֱֳ۷ˣ
аȫʧԸǰύ
ȻʾãԨ۵ɱҲͻ£ûмƽֹҲóλɵĵӣ˾أԨҲûٱҪ֡
Ȼ⸱̬ȴλɵЩڡ
⸱飬ȫһλԵܰ
úɵĵӣȻ̬ˣ
ǺɵʱƣݺݶһһȻİ۲Ĳתȥ
Ա߰鲻䣬λɵĺĵײΪȻ
԰ı֣ѵ
ύδָ˭ռˣ
ʵϣǰðһȥҲ˶԰ԼĻ⡣
ҹ˰Ҷһֲԣδûлһ
֮ǰλɫеŮʱȻ԰
֣֪л䣿߶ף
𣿡
üͷһ֡
ʵ޳ɰĸ
ΪûҪѾ㹻ǿ
ŮֻӰ찲ǿٶȡ
һλŮ𣬿оܾĻﵽ˻ȥµ׻Ҫλ峤⡣

УһУ̫ҲԨǹһĻ
ֱֵǿţ̫гһŨҵ£Ծдһ˿Цݡ
һλѰȻϡûС
ЩŹŻʱ׼۱ټ׿Խıǿߺʧ֮£ѡߡ
ưƾųֿȭһλǾЩͷˡ
Щ˼ȷʸΪҵĵ
̫Ӵʱ԰Խ档

ԨûкëԼἰҪΪ׷ߵ飬Ԩҹһǡ
ԨҪеһؾһ
ȸǿߵԼԨѾ֪ˡ
ԼڣԺеӿơ
Ԩϲӡ
еע۾ſϡ
ſǳɾͣԨһԤУתᱻƽһǰδеľ統С
ԶڲȫľתܷҪǿĶࡣ
׼ȷ˵Ԫʼܷ


488 ͥ
ת֮ӦԶֹֽղ֮ܡ
ٲĥ֮
Ҳ࣬Ҳ
٣
Ԩɣת
һξתâԣԨѲٻΪ

ԨϵĲǼٸȥ
һսȥڶǿߣ𽥴￪
λ֮һ֮䣬쳹Χ೬ǿ֮
ƾѪ֮һǿֻһλɢ޳Ҳ˵¡
ǿֱԣĵֹֻ̿ڴˡ
ϾڶǿĿãɱʱ򣬲δܵش
ֻЩƤ֮ˣ


ڣ벻ϣ޾âţŨ޷ֱӡ
ȸ𰲵ںǿ̸֮󣬵һʱ㽫Ϣͨضزã밲ȷ
ˮʥҪУˮʥ̫һЩ
һʱˮʥ顣
ˮʥʵʵ۷ʱڳֹǿޱȵĹŻʣ滹֪Żʲδ䣬һֱˮʥ˯
ڰ濴ˮʥȻһЩ
ˮʥλŮ䲻ϰ
ʸ
ɽ
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ðǷУ
ĿǰȷѾ㹻ǿ
νľַش֮ǱаΪҲܲסһЩǹ
ΪֵﰵĹ
ɿΪ֤㱣ϡ
ڰ뷨УȻҪǿ϶ֻһҪҼ
԰ݺͱֳĲ飬ݴ
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ħ֪ϣ޷ڰлڰ㽫Ϣɢͼİϡ
λ̫ϳȻѾãģն˲ħԨ½ֱۡ
ڴǬɳ̬ȣҲЩɻ
ֻһλһ鱨ʱ¶Ȼ鱨أ͸

ǡ
һƬϵǡ
ԾͥУ˶֮Ϊǡ
׹ϴ˵Уһλϴ͵ǡ
λϴۣͳ磬ͥƶ
۵ʱȥ󣬵ͥ䣬Ƭ׹أγһƬصĽ
Ȼɵͥ칬֡
칬һΧ⣬κǵǿߣҪ칬أԽ
ҲԼ칬칬ıӻ
ǵķ쳹һΪ칬صĹأԸͣ塣
ҹ̫ǡ
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Ŵؾͥһֵ̣ⲿֵѾȫ
ֻҪ칬ĹأܹͨŴؾ뾳ǲ칬ҲܽŴؾС
ݣΪ칬Ĵˣ
ԨϵľŴؾ
߱ɾѾĲˣԨҪѰµɾ
ҹǣڰбһ·ںţȻҲС
ڰǰŴɾ̽й칬뾳ʱҲõ˰ڴѶϢ
һϲҵڣ¥аֽѶϢץ۵˸˿˿ƾɫ
ǬɳıЩ
ڵǿҲǸᣬһͻ𾳽Ļᣡ
ⲻ䣬ûΪ֪ǬɳػλᣬͰϽӴԴѰǼ

һ棬Űһнǣڶ಻ͨ½õϢ
·ǿ߷׷׳Ƕ
Ը֮壬ڶǿ׷
ڶ콾ΪĥʯɾͰڶγ԰Ϊ̤ʯɾ
ǲΪȰ

һߣԨߣһڹ۲죬ֻ룬ԨһЩ˵ķ֡
ͥλͥķЩư


489 ֮
ڶߴ
ֻⲢǼ򵥵𣬶ǽһּȴľء
ԨУֲ
Щ۳һǵÿһשۺһ
ַʽԨͷǳϤˡ
Ϊ񳯵Ҳַʽףټɽ֮Լ˵ںϣԪһ
ֻǺȣȻȱǰɽ˵˴࣬ΰܡ
طѾ졣
ǽѾԲ
ܣѷɫڰǲǶ١
֮ǿӹɣ
ãƩתؾأ컯ؾ
ƩתؾתΪԴأԴظɽ֮ҩ
࣬ܡ
Ԩ̽Ŵؾ򣬶ʱһԡ
룬񾩱гһգҪЩ
Ǵǣݵĺڡ
ԨѹЩ뷨ͬʱͷĳЩ²ҲõһЩӡ֤
ͥλŹ
ֻԽ˽ǣԨͷͷԽ϶
ֻǲ֪鱦һǲй
Ԩͷ˼š
λйɵġ
Ԩλɵʿǻ֮ǰͼ֣˳ָΡ
Ԩ˽ɡ
ͬҲɽɡ
ʵ
һʦ࣬ںͥвɳǿˣƩĴʦеʦ
ԨǾǺЩйأǾúɹЩϵ
ŶؽĻǳ˹ʦ֮⣬λŵۡ
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ͥڶһһ֮ǰĴͻȻʧ
ԨЩɣǷһλ۾֤ۡ
Ԩͷ˸ܿѹڶͷ
ؾʱ䲻ˡ
ϵõϢԽԽǿ͸ָǶ鷳ͬʱȡҹ
Ԩ뵽鷳У֮ͨžĹأɾڡ
ԨеǾŴɾеľؾ
ŴɾǶӦϹž죬Ⱦ죬죬죬죬죬죬죬죬ȾŴɾ
Ŵɾͥǿߵĵط
ɾھɾǰУӵһЩ˼ܡ
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ɾӦžŸɰŸɰͳŰ
ʵǰֻ࣬ǰߣõӦɾ뾳
ÿɾ񵥵ʽһ
ЩĶЩ䶷һЩɴǶǶ¡
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ĹƷԽߣԽߡ
˼ĺѡʽ
Ԩٲžǰȥ֮ھ칬ԱеǼһ£Ǿٲ
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硣
䱻֮Ϊһλǿߣδϣ֤ʹۣټߡ
ʱڳŶӶУڶʿҲע⵽һĻ
λߣᰡҲεȳ֮
ʱһɨڰǿѹƣһλλǿĵ׼ʹ棬ҲЩη
𲢷֮
෴Ϊɢ֤֮ΰҵźܸߵ
ҲһЩʶДСѯʣ֪ʱݱ仯
ͬʱĵ಻˿˿ԾԾ֮Уܹһλһͬ뾳ʸʤܣֵô֮¡
Ⱥ棬Ҳмλʾ׵ǿߣǶϢ֮ͨǷͬһ㡣
Ƽ㶼Ϊ
ڶ칬ǿע⵽˰ĵһֱڰȸ𰲵
ȻǰһĻûڶ칬ǿߵĶĿ
˰дǬɳĪ̫ӣʥĿӣʣ»мСҲʮֲһεľɾ֮Ϊ֣
칬ǿߣһ˿ɫ
⿪ţҲһЩǿoһЩǿǰ򣬵ǽݣ溱ޱȡ
Ǵô죿
һλ칬ǿ̲סڡ
壬ɳκһǡ
칬ǿҲҪӦ鷳
칬ͥϣǵĴڳ˼Ƭ̣ɣ


490 çģƴ

֣칬ǿ仯ʶʾϿɡ
ΪͥĵλΡ
ͥһһλߡ
ͥоŴؾȻоλˡ
ųͥһвŻھλУһ
ҵ棬ȷЩϼһΪ㣬ǣбҪҲɳһǺԸ֮壡
ڣǿĿд֮ɫ
Ǿɣأ
ϣǵֺİ

ڣ֮ԨؼǬձ仯
Ԫйݵȱʧʱյߵ
Ƭ̣һƬ嫵Ĺ
һʯ߳ʯΧڶҵĹŹʯͼʯʯ
һƬʯĮ
ɽʯ鲼̲ڽ֯ݺᡣ
һĻлſֲ̮ǧɽӸ׹䣬ֺͬħĩ
׹ľ𣿡
Ԩ仯
ں֮ͥǰйһЩްѹ񷣬ںͥһĴڡ
ϵĲҰ
ҰǾ졣
Ұ׹ˣȡ֮ͥ񹲽ʮ졣
ǰһĻԨԺУһǰǾҰһ׹뷨
ᣬ׹ĸо̫ڻֺʵ
ԨԪУܸܵݵĴ𺳡
һʯʯ۶ɵ󷨡
ϼ½ԽԽ౨뾳ѡεǿ߳֡
ɨΧƬʯĮһλλʿo㶼ҡҷԽĵ׸ֳһ˿𺳡
֮ǰѾʿ˽һЩԸоġ
һ콾֮ӡ
ȷǷ˼
ڶϽǣһλŻoͷ˫в̾ɫ
ۣ֮ƣɢȥ
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Ȼ֤ߵĸ¶ʱ򣬲Ǹoе𺳣ǰҲоš
벻֤ľȻǱչʮİ
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496 
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ţʱ˾ɾؾɾ칬ŮĶһ֮ȫѹλ칬Ůʰ·磬Ѿ׼ó칬ߵݣ
˵ţλ칬oϲɫβס
Ϣ˼֤𣬶ڰԣǼ¡
Ȼ㲻ѩ̿⽫ðһ¥
ʱҲĴһ˿Цݣֻһ˿Цת˲ֻǵ˵
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ͰӴʱ䲻̣λԸҲ˽⣬̶ֳȵ¶ѾǺѵˡ
λٱֳ
ȷͷΪϲ
Ϊ֮˵Ĳǰ֤ڰϿ˸Ŀܡ
ȷпܲȫ֮ɾͰʼһΰ
ǰoȥת˲㽫ϢذأҪڵһʱ֪ٳһλ
Դ֮󣬰彫ߴ𣬶ǰ˴
ڰԣبδеʱ̡

ʱΧǿҲ½½õĵϢ
壬֤
Դ֮ǰδеĳ˰λ۵ľ
屾ǼΪǿĲһĳλѾǻָ˰ȫʢʱڵˮ׼
ڶ಻Ʋ⣬Ӧʢ˥ҲʱڣƲӣǿƵ壬Ҳ͵λǿеһǿߡ
ϣڰһ󣬰彫ӭܳһεݷڡ
뵽ճ֤֮

ɾ뾳Ѿǰˡ
ؾԨ֤֮ؾ˥ߣҪָҪܳһʱ䣬뾳Ҳ޴
뿪˾֮󣬱ǻعʥ칬ǵһڡ
һգҲõ׼ȷϢ
վһöת֮ǰ񾵵ľȻ֮ɫ

֣ľƽ
˲ʣӣӻһ˿գΪ֪˴֮¶ʱ֮˦֡
ϵڰҲΪ𣬶ʱֻ֮ǹһУ֮ǰбֳǻ
ֳʵеһжù
۵׼įһ˿εɬȻ֮ɫƬʰװ׼뿪ǡ
Ȼһж޷أֻģ

һߣǬɳ֮أڶɳǿҲ۷׷ס
ıֳ̬ʵ̫ҫۡ
ҫ۵Ĺâ£΢˳
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Ī̫ҲǴǬɳǿߣʱ⣬Ŀ¾ǰ֤
ʵ̫档
ⰲҲ֪˺εȻԵ˶̵ʱ֮ڣ֤
Ī̫۵ҲĽж콾һΪصĴڣӴ֮һ֮Ӱ쵽ĸֱ仯
֤Ҳ֪λǷϣɵۣ
Ī̫ӵͷʱ򲻽ô룬¸ǿ߶ô²š
԰ʱֳƣֻ¼ʺܴ
δһ׼ۣŵĹŻʡ
ŻҲ֤͵۵ĴڣֻǺʹЩ
֪۶ţɺ޵֣Żһ㣬

ڶ಻ʱ򣬶붯Ϣȥ֮󣬱ڶĳͲǰϵĲǳء
⣬Ǿ𶯡
ٳһλ𣬰λ壬ǰδеȻֵΪ֮ء
ڰλ֮ᣬδдѻһɳ
е䣬ҪȵλǷ֮оС

ʱħԨ
ħĹֵħԨʱഫ󣬲ﴫȴһѪ⣬ͬ񷱩ŭ
ȻħԨڶǿȴǲô


497 ҵλͼ
Ű֤Ϣ˳ȥڶ಻Ŀ׷׾۽
ȫҹϣ˰ϡ
һԸ֮壬һλľ
ϾԸ֮ҪãҲȵ֤ʹʥڳɾ֮
ǰѳɡ
Ǳޡ
Ը֮ҪãҲҪһĿꡣ
һԸ֮һλ߼һ𣬲Żᷢá
Ҳڶ಻ǡ
Ѿ㹻£ټһλԸ֮ߣڶҹ¡
ؼһɿµİӿɰѾĿ˰ϡ

칬
˴Ρΰͥ嫣У޾ԻϾ
·׹ء
۵ϣһλⲻ˼ǿΡȻ
ǰ
Ԩ£ڼλ֮ʱԨ֪һλ
һλ׼ۡ
ϵ˵̨֮󣬺滹̨
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̨ͣҲǿߡ
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Ѿܾûֹܹͳ칬ȻҲ̤׼ΰҵǿߡ
ϣǵӰ·ͳǬؾγ֮һи֡
ַʮ־ˡ
һȻǾ춯أ
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ԨҲֻԵ񣬱ϾʱҲһ󻹴Ű塣
ϣ΢Цһ˫ĿԨ˵ֶض񣬰ӣ㰲ͬһʱڵǿߣдһֶҲ㹻ˣ㲻ɣ
Ȼ㹻ģ
Ԩͷ
Աһ˵ʦ㲻ҪЩģҺԵضˣѾˣչأ칬һ˳λ֮λڰ˵
ԣصĺһԨȴ
칬䡣
ϲ֮ŭ칬תƹ嫺İ

Ԩ鰵ֻݲ䡣
ֻֽŭ󣬻ԨĵЩ
ȳ̶ȵ׼ۣһһУȷ¡
Ԩ֪׼۾ԣǷܹһԣ
츫УȻԡԨͷ
״ҲС˲٣΢üֱӰڰ˵ʦ𣬷㿴Űɣ
ʼ磬Ŀ⿴һԨվһԡ
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һҲķ˶
ϣڻУʱ޷ĿãֻԨӦǲޱϲ
ϵķΧ˿ЩŨأƬӰβŻ˵ֶ칬ĹأҪپɾܻ֮칬˵ݣͽԸ칬˵ݣȫ㣬ֱӼ̳оӵݣ
ԸԴ֮ά칬Ĺأ׳칬Уһ𣿡
ԨԤϣȻްֵѣֱӽӵλô
Ԩ΢⡣
оŴӣӦžɾһ
֪Ϊ칬кΣ
Ԩݲ䡣
һ㣬Ԩʵ˽
칬ΪΪһɲųµʮֻӭ
ΨһҪҪά칬Ĵء
칬ʲôйأЩйضͥʱģ淨ȣ
Կɣ
һᣬһͬӲ£ڴϣԨǰ
Ԩֽӹֻɨһۣʱüͷ΢һ칬ĹغͷȺĴͬС죬ʲô
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ǰһ֮һĹڽ֮ڿգ٣һ޴ء
һ޴ڡ
칬ڣһ¥
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ԨһĻЩ
ƳһԨ˵԰꣬ȴȡһЩרڵӵȨ
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498 ܾλ
ʱԨ۵һ˿Ȼ
лʵ˵ĺôӦþɣ
ʱ񣬵˵ǣ
ĺôΪϵӦһˣ־ԼѡȡɣҲӽѡĴзţЩ
ûǰҽһ칬ܿɲգֻƬĴ˵Ｐֵ⣡
ԨǺһЦ˫տտ˵֣˵أ
Ҳգ
ͷҲ鷳йҵλͼ÷һһ
ҵλͼ칬֮ǰرȻҲ칬ѹصĵڣ̺ͥͳ֮ʱȨһȻѣͥ׹䣬ȨȻ࣡
Ϲ칬ʦЩȨԾɷۻΣΪҵλҵλͼ
칬ΪӵǿߣԿҵλͼȡһҵλԪ飬ǰ˵ܹȡҵλͼϵһȵĵ۾Ȩǵ۾ȨͥУƲκ׼ۣŻʣ
˵˴Щ̾
ͥԻͣѹǿoѹķ
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Ԩ˫ǰתͼ
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ĿŵЦݡ
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ҵλͼʵܹʿȨʵһЩ;Ʃɽ˻̽һʿ֮⻹б
Уܹش˵Ĵڡ
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ԨǺЦôôҲ֮£飡
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ǰ񣬱ѹ˵Ĵ󻧣᲻֮
Ԩ˼ɵֻˡ
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Ԩҵλͼʲôè壬𱾾ͻȾԪ飬ŤԪġ
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Щ鷳ҲǺõġ
ЩˣǰڣΪԼҴĹӮȱȨ
µĿһǰдŹŹ˵û뵽ѵΪ
ұ֮ʿʱʱ̵̿˼ǣ;ζ³çŲԴ󣡡
ԨɫƽƳһԱߵҵλͼ
ʱҵλͼ¶һȨٺãҲǲġ
ҲǿֻǵЦˣ󹬰ɣ
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֮ʮףɫοյǰƿ޴ȴţƣת
һɽڴԴɢ
Ԩüͷһ壬
۵΢Щ£ͼΪÿһνҪ֪ʶΪݣ칬ΪͥĴ䴫ʧ
칬һӰŰӰʧǰ
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ҵλͼвϹͥڶǿoڲ׼ۣŻʼǿߵλȨ̺ŹoС
֮ܣӳԪ
칬У˾Ŵɾһڵ֮ء
˲мһˡ
Ǹ߰Դ󣬻Ŀӡ
ֻϵ𲢲⣬ֻ֪֮ı֡
Ķǹؼ
ĴУ칬ؽ˶ˣ
ǸFkЩΣ


499 
ڵkͷһССӰܻ
ҵλͼӣ
ҵλͼ顣
̫ˣΪ֤ӱİԭ׼һᣬ´һҵλͼҲٻκλϿɡ
СӰСͰ䰲
Щš
ˣ֪۲ϵĴˣȻԸõͥȨҲԼѡеȷҲС
УЩΡ
kЦδ򽻵Ļᵱɲ٣
Сһ
ԣǵСӰݾȡ
˼ʮֿð׼֮λи
Ǻεȿأ
Щףǰ𣬰Ҳֿذɣ
ͷȣɫ˵ҿôлȡͥУҵλͼȨȨϣòƥ칬У


Ԩ̤С
˵أһƬֺĶء
ĵط
ڼʶ㣬ԨɨǰҲоһ𶯡
ΧǺһľǧİԻײγһޱȵǳ
һƬ֮Ǻء
Ԩ˫͸¶Ŀǿǻþ󷨲á
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磿
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磬칰峼
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Ԩɨֻ˵ȡͥУ
ԨĿΧ
δκ̲ĵ֮ء
ЩֻҪˣǰ㹻ܻõͥУ
ŶԲأ
ԨƳһλŮɫȻһЦ˵ңҰﲻ㣬ſڵҵλͼǴ칬еĹؼڣֻƥȨҵλ֣칬Ĵ
Ű־ܾҵλͼҲΪֻܿԼĻԵ컯ΣһǷܹ󹬻㹻ĴУ
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Ԩյĳٵ۾ȨȨ΢۾ȨԼ۵׵Ȩ۾Ȩ
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ЩԭԿԨԪȨɲ
Ԩ˫תŨ⣬ڵ۾ϡ
۾λ񳬷ףȻԴԼ޷Ȩֳٻһѡ
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500 ɾ
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ʥ飡
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ԨҲע⵽СӰСӰתŨһڡʰԡ
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Ůһ˫Ŀ´Ԩ۵ЩŰɡ
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ԨһץƵɲǻΪһ⣬ΪһŻ
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๦еۣɣ죬Ȼ֣ǽڵ۷ɾ
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ɾѾܾûˣ
Ԩȡ̺ų۴еɾԾͽ⴦صؾʼ
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ֻԨ۵ײ֪˸ʲôӡ


501 Ʊ仯

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ս𶯡
УѺܾûзȲ֮ȫײ
˲ҡ
սĲo
಻Ļʳš
һϦ֮䣬仯˵ȻԶԶ

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ڶǿԹսڶ칬o֮󣬾ǳ
ǲɳǰ屬ʵԶ
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һеΪʲôʲôĴڣ嶼Բס֣
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Ȼֻĸ֣֮ȴžԵš
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502 ȫ
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ܣһ⽻֯Ťγһâתĳš
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ʱ޿̣޾ؾԪӳԨϣԪʼܷԽ棬
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Ԩ֮ûţ󹬣Ƿ֮ǰԨ֮ǰͿҵλͼǰһľ޴ʯ
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503 Դ
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504 ֮
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ӦԴһŷš
ֻȻ޷ʥʴġʰԡᲢۣԴͨ


505 ʰ֮
ԨƳһ̨ͷһλһ⳯ŵ̨ȥ
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֪ڴ˴Ԩȴǡ
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Щ֮⡣


506 Ԫ
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ԨһЦ˾ֱ˵ãδҲȷһ飡
УžԵš


507 ӿ
£ֻ֪ʥȥ
޴Ȼһ㷱ӡ
δΪʥȥ˿
Χ֪һƲѰķΧ
ԨͬȥϢ뿪ǣƿգ޶
Ԩ뿪֮󣬼Ƭ̣мλ֮칬
λ֮Ϊʣµǿ߶ʵĿģҲˣǴǰǣ칬

УŲƵУԨȻЩЩɢ
ޱ߳ҵתͬһвԪţȫ塣
ĵڲɱ䡣
ھ˵İģԣԨµõⲿϵ۷𾭡ÿʱÿ̶ջ
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ÿһλ֤֮һʱܹõ־ļӳ֣Ӷöŵܡ
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ԨӡеħħԴ˳ɾҡ
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510 أɱ
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512 Եɣ
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ԨҲǶĿǰֻǿʮöᦡ
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ǧر̺ŵ۵ǿֵ߽Ĳ۵ܣͨȻܹ丧ƽûĵڴ컯컯ֶΣʵͬ졣

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ʱһöԪһӦԨĵһֽеİԨǰЩ΢
ʱǰԪȻλˣʱԻһԪ


514 ԪԴ
޶ɰǬɳִͬƣһͬϷĵ̣ĴɾԼڶع
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Ԩ˵פ޶һλӭ£𽥽һǵ
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ڽ͵޶Ǻ󣬰λȥǻ񣬲ڴ˵ء
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515 ֮Դ
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518 
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λһսԨҵʵĶλ
Ԩ֮ǰһֱΪԼǿ֪ܴùǿߣ޾ĸ
ѹλһսԨʵһΪķ
ǲе۱ֿȭսӦܱȼ׼
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־޴ı仯ԨУԲӵһִΰΰѹǿߵĴ
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ת֯γɵĴ⣬׼ܡ
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Ԩתֻ칦һȭǿҿǰѪ
һɻֺ⸡֡
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ʽٵأ
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Ԩâؿڵͬʱצ˺ԨشԨ粿
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ҲһȻ͸¶δ֮ǰĺڰĺ󣬵
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ԴҲұˣ
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ͬʱһѤϼ޾ڰԴԴĿֲʡ
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ĵлҪ󣡡
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ͻ֮ľϲ̫ˡ
ԨոջƣȻʥڶ
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ԨԪȻܹŹ
ʥæ˵㲻Ҫ⣬һǿߣ¸ǵ㡭
Ԩصǲ㲻Ǻų㲻ˣ
Ԩ۵Ц
ʥԶʱ˵
ԨкһʱԪݶȥˣæ׷ٶϡ

ڴʱħԨһսѾ𽥷ֳ˽


519 
ħԨ
ƹħƲմء
ʱһޱȵħȻΪ˷棬ɼһͨ˿µۡ
Ŀ꣡
ϣӰĮĶš
һȴǾŭѡ
ŭѵӰħ嫣ħת·ħ񷡣
Ϊ׵λħʼ棬λħʼſֲħѪʱһεħѪħ£ֱϵ䣬ħѪħԨУʱһֲѪɫںӣħ񷡣
϶ԣħԨħʼĲ֮أڶħħﲻ¹ħʼתĻֺħ⣬̤֮š
徻ǰӦѾˣ
Уһħʼ濴̮һħ۽۵˸һֲħ档
۵ۣŭ𣬻ɱʡ
ħԨλʼԣܹĵطҲ֤֮ء
ʲôˣΧɱӣδУ̸⣿
һ徻ƽ֦ɫϼתɲһƥɫϼɨħԨɲǾħԨ׼ɲ
ɫɱֲ˼㡣
ħԨħȫ޷ֵһͱնɱ
ħԨеλ֮ǰħһսħԨħʧ
ʧʹ顣
徻
Уħʼ鱩ŭħٴαһڹˢٲһɨ񷡣
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ħʼж˸
ȫޡ
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ʣһǰδеĴʤ
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ۣȻҵȸɴһƽħԨΪһ
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ǴǬɳǬۡ
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ۼħԨλħʼĳޣλΪ̡
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徻ȣѾ䡣
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徻ף۵һ˿ɱ֡
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ȳ֣߲֦Ѿˢֺ߲סλħʼ棬λħʼѾˢгֱʱǶ֣ħճ㱻鲼յ߲ѹ
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λŻץסᣬе۱ɢݵĻҰ⣬ɲûħԨ
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ţݵľħԨһֺħħγ

λħʼȻԪ߲УѹħԨϵܣܸ֪ħԨı仯ʱԲסŭ
ͬʱħʼԪȻŨԪ֮׼Ԫ߲ѹ徻鲻䣬߱ˢɲǽɳԪ֮ٴξɫ˸С
ɫ˸ͬɫÿһɫʶѹԪ񣬼Ԫǿг١
徻۽һ䣬⽫ħʼˢħԨ
䣡
ɲ֮䣬ħԨ޴ըޱħԨʼ̮γһ޴ħкڶħʼݣħ麧ȻУͼзɳת˲ȴн飬Ϥɡ
ǿޱȵĴڸ֪ǿֲеƻͬʱʧƬС
徻Ӱɨǿֲڶɱʧһʧ
һĻҲڶһսϹŶ
ʮħԨʹʧˣλħʼ涼֮ѹʵЩϹŶΪ֮ĺ֮£ƼǾ޴ڶæȥ

Ԫ
Ԩ֪Ϊ˻ȫնһĸ
Ͱٶȼ죬һڰԴƣɫԨĿֲǰһλõĺڰԴʾۼ֮ء
˵رԵǵ𵴿˵ؾһι


520 ڳ
УԨвɫԴ𵴣ͬ޾ķ֮Դ
ǧԴʣתѭιһӿ롣
ԨͬɽХ
ؼ価Ϊ޾ڰ֣ͬһʴʩĺڰʼԴһкڰԴͷڡ
񻷹Զ˿ֲϺɫ

һĻȸ̲סľ
޷죡
ԨڰƣӰתʱȻ峺
ԨϣʥŴߥ޵
ˣΪԪԴΪ翪ǴڵԴﻹһ֮ܵǱֱӴɣڽӽԲΪһλʼҲڻ£
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Ԩһע⵽ʥһ仰
֪Ԩʲôʥٴ𣺡µû統һλʼ棬λʼ棬֮ʱ͵һƬǿʼ棬ǶǱؼδɢıԴһoһ׼ۣüԵͻƣ
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ǱʥͲ֪ˣ㣬ȴ˭֪
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ԨƬ̣ȴĪǣҲʼ
ʥ΢ĬƬ̲ŵ˵ʼôĳ̶ֳҲǰɣҵȷǱıԴʼͨ
ת˲ȴ˵㾡һ԰ɣһڹؼʱһ֮²ΪҲҪǿ
˵ţٴγ
Ԩʱûκǿ޼ɵα仯ȻΪһϽɫ⳯źڳ䡣
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ʵаԣԨ÷ӡ
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ʧȥһⲢʲô
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Ҵ˵̫أɲδ˵Ԫһֹµĵط
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ۺַԴɢһ־綾
ЩԴ󲿷ԣµʡ
µĶˣԪ֮𶼻ϨΪͬ
ԨУˮ
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ûЩƬڳҲɱ䵽һ˼ľء
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Ԩת˲һգһվУħ
εֽԨǷһһؾһ½ĺڰ̾˵أϢͬӣָΣЩ;޴ޱȣֻ᱾ܵźڳĺڰԴ
Ǻڰĺڰ顭
ԨɨЩصĺڰ飬Щ£ҲǼʶ֮Щǵĺڰ鵮ڳκЩħ
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ԨƳһۣδʱѡ֣λһ⳯ǹķ򣬼ٷݶȥ
ǱúôģЩڰԴڴ˵ܲȻҪȽǺڰԴõС
仯һɳһڳ
ЩɫգʱһԴںϣΪһֻֻɫĿֲ۾ǶС
Ķط
͸Щص۾Ԩʱо˳ɰǧֻ۾Χб仯һƿء
ͬһ㣬ٶȼ죬һ㴩һλλǿڰoפصա
ڴ˵أˮ
ʵԴκoĸӴ⣬ͳ
ȻǿożȻԨмԨϸֳԴȻѡ˽Դ
ĺڰo֮࡭
һ·ԨҲЩľڳĺڰo飬ĿͷƤ鷳
вڳеǿߣԨлӦ˲׼
̫ھˡ
ǴԪűȻ硣
ԨҲ֪ĲãԪֽ١
Ԩٶȼ죬һصĵطʱ˫ޱȵһĻֻ·޾ڰԴһ޴Ǻһ㣬ڽӿûڳ
ǺƺƵĺڰǿֲ˼㣬ӿ˴˵أתһξ޴ڶ


521 
ȷԪԴ֮󡣡
кڰʼԴӦûͬʼԴ֮أ
Ԩʱ˫зŨҵ⡣
ɲҪȡԴһԪš
޳ɡʰԡȡԴ֮ɴʼԴԴﵽʰԵ߾硣
Դ֮Ҫ£һԪűԴ
ԴֱԴһԪűԴԴҪ
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ǲԴԴ
һвǺƽڱԴ׺һЩξ޴ĺڰ࿪ʼܱߵСڰ顣
ѪȵĴַֺ嫵ķиֳ
𣡣
УͷΪĺڰ֪Ԩϵ⳯ԨɶһͷһͷһĿ飬ֻǻδǰԨǧſɲǽɣԨһö֮ϣһֺܡ
Ԩƽֻؿڡ
ĵöǡ
ǧľͨתɣɾΪǿһöǣöǻǡ
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ϣںڳһ޴ĺڰУڶڰoȴǸ֮£һͶ޾ɫУкڰ
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ڶͨ˴
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һڰˮ̶ˮ̶תЩˮ̶ʢŵѰˮϺӣ̺ת֮ۻࡣ
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ĶֱӶʥo
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Уһͳö
ϸȥħЫֳһڰΪɴŮӡ
Իһôۼô˺ɫϸȥ綾ӿΪ溦Ī⡣
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Ԩգ̯޾ס޴ˮ̶һס
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ˮ̶УӦͨ˴͸Щˮ̶ɽڳҵǺڳ
ˣͬʱڵǸǼѾܽˡ
α仯Ϊһ⣬ɲ⴦ˮ̶Уڹ΢޾ڳ
ûЩˮ̶ںڳͬһܾ֮أ͸ˮ̶ҵһڳӿ֮أƬڳӿ֮أһޱȵľ޴ɫ졣
Ǳ⴦ޱȵĺɫ
Ԩνӽ𺳷֣Ⲣʲô죬һ޴ޱȵĺڳ赡
һ龫Դ۶ɵ赡

ԨǺڳʼԴ֮ʱ
ڳʱһޱİĺڰҲ˫ޱϣ԰׹Ѫɣڰʣ֮ͬԴ
ˣ
£ǲǱµĳ
ʱ֮ǰһλص飬λĿһɿ
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֮ǰСڷźڳԴ΢Щֲ
ֻϸͨڳԴδκһ˿仯


522 ȡʼ
Ϲ𣿡
ϵӰƽ
֮ǰͲԪжһλԴoΪ׳һСoǰ
ΪıǼһλoȻҪĥ֡
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˵Էڳ֮϶ȼߣܽλڳĹŻʡ
ͷһڳŻӴԪɢȥʱڶڳoӦӸԵϳ߳Ѱo
£ǷҪ
ǰλޱȵĺڰĿڡ
üֻҫ⡣
ϣһر
ϵǿ鲢δܾڰĺ⣡Ҳգһԣ
ԣ۵ĸߴӰʱһϹתɲһֻεɫ۾ͷȻ˫
ͬѿһµƣ֮Ŀ
ʵϣҲȷϲ֮
ϲ֮ںڰи֣ʱų֮ܣ⿪ϣʱն

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ſУԨʱһغųڰԴƣͬһ
ڴʱüԪ⣬Ԫ֮оֶԪΧƵԤ֪ĴͨбеߵΪЩͨԪ֮Χһ˿˿˳
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Ԩ΢һЦתž𵴣Ϊһ޴ľںˮ
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ʵʮɷʮ仯
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ںڰڰݾȣһ׼ΰڱüɫתΪϺɫеϲ֮غϣڵѪȼգ̶ȴ߶ϲ֮ܡ
ƬʵΪ֪̽
˻ݵľһԴĴڽβħЫڵˮ̶ɲǽβħЫɱӰһţڳ׶ԨĺڳУ֮ټطҲ޷ܶԷۼ
£йŹְҪǰҵ䣬ܻӰ֮ȫ̴֣
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ϵĺڳŻҲüͷλδ֪Ĵ֮׼ѿУԷ䶼Ҳô
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ϺĶãǷһãȻճ˶ԷӰ죬а취ҵԷĴڡ
֮ϣŻٴιͨºڳΰڳ־
ڰԾۻΪһ⡣


޴ٴα仯Ԩƾճ֡
۽Ǵһ˿Цݣһ˰仯ͨĪ⣬ֻϧЩڲϣ޷ɹ
Ʃ綤ͷ߼ǱҪϹɣľΪԭġ
üԪٴα仯Ϊһ̬Ԩһӣһֺûڵ
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ƬʱЩ仯һɻֺʼΧſ
ʼԴ
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Ԩ״۵׾âǶӦɲǱӡһڰ׷鲼գγɴƬ磬סƬա
Ԩ鲻䣬ȴٶ֪ʱޣ
ΪڳͨڳԴһм󣬻ֲǿߡ
ļӿٶȣʱ֮ڣȡߣ
ϾҲ¹ʼȨܣ


523 ɾʼ
µɹ֮ԨвδţӶУһǺƥһɳƬڳյĲ񷡣
ϧˣԪǹΰǶۿۣ
ԨͷԿϧĿһۣȱֵһʱӦò⡣
Ǵ۳֣ӦҲֵܵ
һԪطš
һŨס·졣
ŽӴ·죬Ԩʱоһ
飡
ǲʵһ𲫵ֺ
ʱƬԨͬ޹ģ޹֮ԪԪ֮ⶼֹסɫ
Ѫ񵴣
Ԫ΢һЩֱӻᱻεֱӺƣԪɢ
ֻԨ壬ԪԾתͣ쳣ǿ͡
ԨͬʱԪ֮ԱһּӳԪͨԪ񲻶ǵһֻ֪Ҫܹⷽʼ赵
ϣʥҲǿ֮ǰѾΪԨܹ
ʼ̺ʼȨҲʼݣܽ˵ȨܹƬʼ֮أʼȨݣֻǸʼ½ؿ飡
ÿһʼĿ鶼һȫʼţ
ʥ黹ੲݸԨȻԨѾˡ
ǰ޹ĵʧ֮ȡ֮Ԫⷽʼ赽һ޷ѵϵ޷ѵϵԨϲҾ
ϲȻΪ֮ʼ赽ϵ
ĳ
ǣŽϵһ㳯壬ԪӿҪűˡ
ޱԴǺεȻԻͺ
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ΪԶʣнʼϴڡ
Ե֮o࣬󲿷ֶǺoµĵն޳ɵo
ҲһЩĴڣΪǿȻʮλʼ档
Щ֮ΪʵĻ
ЩÿһλִżǿȺڶһ߹ĳƺʣ˼еĻߡ
Աߣǰ׷΢ҡҡͷǹӦò˲ǣҰɲʲôСС
۵žԵУڶĿϵİ棬ڲڣ沢ֻ۵״һ˿ԡ

磬ݻʳΪݻʳ֮
ݻʳһʻĹУһϽʥ嫵ɽ
ʱһλϵǿȻ˫һ޴ɽص󣬻һɽ׵
һλޱȣתΡo
ʻǰһλħæдΰݡ
ݺݼ棡


529 
ڣǱ֮Ϊ߻˫
˫ɫתĿƿ͸λħ
Ŀ⣬λħΪ仯
ݣʵֿĿУȻһԪ񶼱ĸоǰλʣȷʮֲֿ
ѹ֣λ汻֮ΪؼĽɣ
ʱֻߵڶ
ӵĺᣡ
ӣ
ħ΢һ㶣ǳ˳飬λδɵ֮ǰĵۺţ䵱֮һӡ
ݻʳǰæظ
ǰȷݹŻʵĺᣡ
̣Ҳɻ𣿡ߺǺһЦһɻֺΰΧȺɽΪ֮ϣ޾ɽһɽ
ɽգ֧ŲȺɽ
漫Ϊмǰǰָ㣬δܲ۵ɹƹأ
ħʱУ¶ݡ
ۣͷڣһɻ֮ʮŨݻҲݻʳƶߡ
Ҳһλ۵ɾߡ
΢΢ֵ֪ǰ˴γأҪݻʳЧ֮
ÿһ·˫źһء
أҲֻݹŻ̸λϴڣλϴȻûһЩֲĹŻʣ֤͹ۣλŻȴɱֹһۡ
Ŀֲһ֤˴۵ħ֮ϡ
磬һֵ۵ɾ߳ΪۣһλǴ۵Ĵۣ
λǿoÿһγأһȷѪ꣬ڲʲô
ΣݻʳѾλһپ٣һ
Ǳǿߣ̳ɨգЦ
˻ػݻʳĵط
ݻ񣬵ȴ߽Ļ
ˣǶЦô࣬Ǽƻ˳Ļǹһõǣ
ԣݻ΢һͷԲ²⡣
ߣȥϼһ
һɲǻһɫ磬ݻ
ֻʱ֮󣬲һʥȻ˿ֲޱȵĲãڸأҵײ֮⴦ʥ
⴦ʥУӶг˯ǿ߸գЩյĻֺת˲ʧԶ

ڳԨûעԪĶһ˼ȫθڳ£ڳ档
ڳδй
ڳȨڡ
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ʼǾ޴ʯĦ֮أϷЩ죬Խʣֺ롣
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ݻһڳӵӰڳֲգبʧȥû
ʱգǳΪ׵һ֡
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ɾʼ֮ĳɳٶʮ־ˡ
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Ԩʱ֪ڰ˴ǣһǿ͵Ƕ뱥һɻֺΰͶ֮䣬һֿٵصľ
ĲԪʼѾеһء
ʰתศɣ
޾⵱УԨ鲢һ˿⣬ʰԡ;ת۶ͼʵһֹԡ
תܹͨͼ裬γ
ʰԡĳ̶ֳҲһͨһԪž裬ӶԴ硣
Ԩ𣬴ʱʵʰԾתһΰת
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ʼȨĳ̶ֳ̤Դľ硣
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ԨȻʵʰ£ʱһöǲɻɢŵɡ
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Ԩԣʵ򲢲ˡ
ʼȨ޴ı
գһ֮ʼɢһɲΰһ֮ʧںڳڣתڻ󷨣Ԫһصضȥ
ӦһԵڡ


530 Ԫʼ
Ԫ
һ޾컯Ԫ۵ĵط
˴Ԩ£
Ԩһ̤֮˵أΧĿȥػֺԪڴ˵ظγš
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ԪിԪô˵컯ϣ˴룬֮ɳܡ
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⴦صĵطȴǱضǣ
ϸǹͬһ㣬һo
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ɿ˵컯֮Ũ
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ԨһΧ۵΢̾һ˿Цݡ
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̤µԨµĶһųޱȵľŲʹţǾŲʹŸߴǧɡ
컯ʶ
컯ؼ䶥ǧɸߴ컯ԴʯҲֻԪ
˸ߴԴʯ֮һЩ
ʼȨĺôδ϶ֹڴˡ
Ԩ赣һһɹûǧɸߴԴʯ
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컯ԪԨһ޴ڶǧɸߴԴʯ컯Դ
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Ԩĵھö컯ǡ
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ٶȼ죬ۿɼֻǰµʱ䣬ǧɸߴ컯Դʯ컯ήֻʣʮɸߴ
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ССͻתͻʱòֵһᡣ
Ԫʼгɣϲ̫ˣ

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Ǵޱȣ޾ԪˣѹԪӰִͨ򲨶ԪҲܵӰ졣
ӰԼ
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ԱߣݻҲ΢
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Ҫ£ǵüһλǿޱȵo
ֻת˲Ųһ٣üͷǴԴͷӴԪӦУɾɲײһ
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Уͻ֮ԨȻУӦһǿޱȵĻֺɲնֻһɻֺޱȵĴܣɲǳ
۵
һλŻʣ
Ԩ΢仯
ǿŻŶ
еתפ֮Ͼնصת˲Ѿͷ


531 
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ֻҪ˻ᣬӮƣҪסͷ
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֮£һַͨ£Ҳ˻ҽµƤϰ£ʵѻӡ
ݾұ仯һɫս֣ꪸɱ
ǿޱȵĵֵסԨĿʽöԪ֮ܣݻһ²Ԫľ޴Ӱ
Ԫŵһ̫ڻֺ룬ҲǷµɱﵡ
ոտʼͱƳɱﵣ´ʱͷ𵴡
ֻǰİʵ̫ǿˣԪɢԪ񲨶۵ŻʵĻֺ룬鶯еɱͨʵ̫ǿֿٵصܣֱֱȥͨ㷨ȫ޷ֱֻܿӭ
շԼĹ㣬ǰⰲţмֶΣҲܺ۵ŻʳʱӲƴ
ǰİʵǿĹ֣
ȣƵ޾
ӿܣԽԽǿ
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ʱԪʼƥΨһǵľԪĲ㣬Կ
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532 
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ϸȥֻ⴨ǹɨ񷣬һۣʱ֮ڽΧմΪһա
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ǷӦҪעһߵģһһʵΪС
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вɫɫսϽӳǵصɫն߸
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ԨЦʮˬʣֻĿƲɫսꪣЦǷ۱֪ǰ۽Ȼǿϵģ֪ɷ񻹸
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ݻҲЩЦԷǡ
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536 ģ
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538 
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539 ̬
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544 
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һľ측֣ڵĶ;Ҳɫ䡣
Ըֲֿܹ
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Ϊ仯üͷɫ֪ǿޱȣӦǿھۣ˿ֲֻҲܵش
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նɱĶŻԽ࣬صԴԽǿ
𶯣Ԫ񷢾ԨЩŻӡΪʳӲ
ʼ汾ԴУһֱһѾһ涼ľĵز
ԨԻʮɸߴͷ赣һĿֲ顣
ۺͶм
ʱ۲ߵףѵ
棬켫ʥλʼ浽ˣǵüӽٶȣ
Ҳˡ
ֲս١
λ۵Żʡ
Ҳף
ǶһͬǾʼ档
ЩʼرԴΪ֮ӣ
沼õֶΣһ̶ǿߵĸ֪ЩǿҪһʱȷϣ֪ʲôȻЩ籾Դ׺Ĵڣ
ڤظȻкô
־˽ڽδ֮ʱ޷ж
ƻȶƻأƻȻıԴɣʼ
ӦʱֵһĿⲻ䣬ѾݻԼһoȥǰ棬ֹ
Դ˲κֹɫʣΪά磬Ϊά棬ЩʼǶȻ˵ǡ
Ͼڤظ٣ڶ಻ԣӰ޴󣬿ܻڶϴơ
вٻĶӡĿɨ½Ϊŵ۷۵΢һᣬ۷ĻӶУΪɫڤ籾ԴУڤ籾Դ
ֱ׼۷Դ˴̼ڤıԴӿڤ̲ٶȡ
ʱУ޾ڳӿȣԨ߽չȴǼΪ˳ЩƳĶŻʣĺڳӷϯռ˾Ƭٶ֮ء
ޱԴڣɢһԿֲޱȵ⣬ǲȻ֮ʱӰޡ
Ԩ۵Ȼâ΢ڤȻ˵
棬ٶȻһЩƲظԴһѰɣ
УԾʱһ䣬ֻǲδڤĶ档
֮ǰȷдӦڤȨʱλʦԸ
۵΢һδûԥ
ڤظǿٳɹﵽеĳ̶ȣİԶ
Ҳȫڤظ磬˵ҲϣɳΪǰǿǿ硣
ĺʵo֪ڤظȨǻǶĺô
ֻĿİİͷȨףջ˾ġ
Ҳã
һ˦ȴǸɴĽڤһ뱾ԴۻΪӡԨȥ
һڤ·޹ķħ̵ССӡ£̺ޱڤܡ
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ԨˬʽӹƬӡȻһ֣δè֮󣬹һЦֻ칦ݻʵֻȨڤֻͨȥڶ΢仯ĿУɲǼֻڤ䡣
ޱĹڤڤ绯Ϊһ޴ڶɲǽܱ߾ʵԩ곤ɴ롣
ٶȺܿ죬ֻʮ䣬ڤǳȹȴȹ֮ʱѾռ˾һĵ̣
Ԩʱչ¶Ȩ̫ǿᣬ˻ᣬҲĺڳӣһڤ˵춨Ӱ
Ժڳӽڤ磬һؼɱ
ǵأҲͬʱǿ߼Ԧڤ磬ɨԩ꣡
ʱڤظĴѳɣ
ǺʱҲ˻ޣɢĻֺٶҲڻ
⾪
һoݾһϲδûйŹɫ
棬ݻ۵ˣ˻ûȫڤ˳ɾֱͣ˳ĳ
⵫Ǵ²
ڤԨתʱΪЩ仯ʱоһǰδеı֮Уֱһ䡣
ƺԵ̫ˣ
ʱԨĿԱߵĶ棬ʵǰǷҪæ


545 ľˣ۽
Ԩûžo
ǸߴʮɵĿֲԼԪʼŵĿֲһڶoס˺켫ʼ棬ʥʼ棬ʼ棬ԼĲٵ۵Żʡ
ﱾǹѺĵط˵أʼ̲ЩԴѾ׳һʮֲֿľУʱƳɾ
Զ켫ʼ޾Ļ֮⣬۵Żת
켫ʼؼȳɾ͵һʼ棬Ҳ޵ߣ̤Ȼնȥ˾磬̻Ҫǿڶ档
Ԩ״̬켫ʼ濴ĺܷ
ʮŻʵ̲ʼȨһֲľء
ĸӦУʼǿ
ҲΣգ
Ҳ
ԱߵӮʼޱ飬տתҪǿڰλѣʡ
һλĺʣһһλǿߡ
Ӯʼ棬಻жмأλ޵Ļߡ
Աߵʥʼδ˵
Ԩϵ״̬λʼ涼ܿó
ӦǸո̫Դ͵̫޷ƿ΢
Ȼ޷ƿ΢һ޴
սӰ졣
ȻȻˣλʼ沢ްա
Ԩ֮ǰɱŻʵһĻ̫ڿֲ
ԨҲһ۵ŻʵĮ⣬ҲһԶ֣һûлӱжȡڤȨ
Ԩ䣬ڶ۵Żʵ˼ƣ۵ЩԾԾԡ
λ۵Ż²һ㣬û̫ԴʮŻӡЩ
ԪʼһʱҲ޷ֻѹס
ⲢЩĶŻܹӰ쵽ս
ԣλʼ㶼һ䣬ӮʼȻЦ˵ѣسǿ֮״̬Ӧλͬ
УԨλӮʼĻЦǵΪֻ֮㵹Ƕһԣ
Ԩ£ʼΰҪ̤г֣Ҫ跨Ūʼ档
Ԩʼ濴ߣ
Ϊ
֮ǰݹڤ˳ɾͣ룬綼棬Щ֮ӡ
ʼ棡
ʼִرԴ
粹ȫʼյȨȻӺƵ
Ԩ뿪֮ЩʼӰ쵽صת
ţҪǲڤ硣
Ա׼ն伸ʼ죬λɵʼ档
Щʼ棬ÿһɶǿϵѪζ
ʱȴסȰֵܣڤ磬Щʼ潻Ӧҵoӣʱ㣡
濴Ԩ۵׵ɱ
ȻͬǲϲЩʼ棬沢ڴʱ֦ڡ
ڤܹ˳һܺõĿʼ
沢ϣٳκ⡣
˵Ǳüӽʱ䣬ڤ糹ȡؼɲֻŻڤ磬Ƶ粢ûУȻڤǧժҲôѣ
ԣԨͷһƳһλʼ棬ͷ˵Ҳã
״λһ⣬ڤ
ڤʱشﲻʲô԰ڤȫ̲
ɳ󣬱ǰλʼŻʽ档
Ѿڤѹסˣȫֻ̲ʱ⣬״̬ƻҪǿĶ࣬ʮ㡣
ЩʼŻʴһҲȫ塣
˵ţЩʼò˶ãǿг֣

ڤȻĴ飬Ԩǽעڤ
ʱִڤһ뱾Դڤӡڤ仯Ҳָʹ˵ֻȨС
Ԩ԰ڤ̲ԩ꣬鶾ҺԴȫɡ
Ԩ£̲ٶȼ죬ڤڤϯɾ
ٶһͷŤһɢŵ۵֣һֶŻʵӡһֹŻʲļ壬ⶫҪ͵ϮԨȴԡ𷨡תʽֱɱɡ
֮ɱǵ˾ͷ
ڤ糹ȡԨʱһؼųֺ嫵ؼţ帡ڻƬɽˮ֮ϡ
ؼ䣬лֺΰԲڤУ󲿷ڤһԨ棬ۣ۵ϡ
ıԴ
ɻֺ֮ʱڤһɲŶ
ܣѹֻǳ֣飬ƤڶǿߣҲɫ䡣
־ǵ۵
ߣڻָƵľ۸ֱ֪仯ʱȻ˫ɫǾ޴ħڵķ


546 Ըó
ϸ򣬾۱ͷԽء
Ĳûдľ
صֻͨм֤׼ϲС
Ҫ֤𣿡
Զ棬ۣݻ켫ʥڶ۵Ż̸вģֺֻܵ벨㶼ɫ䡣
ͻδĴۡ
λʼҲͰˣ֪Ǻȷ֤͵۵Ǳ
ֳʵȻҲ۵Զˡ
ӦҵĲ²棬ظ֮µܹľˣȫ
Ҳоһǰδеľ޴
ǿڤķߣֻϧ깤֮ȴǰ
µǳɾ˰
Ҳû뵽Ŀڤ磬ȴȫ˰
ԭļƻ֮ڣܹæڶҲֻҪһڤظȨѡ
Ȿ׼oġ
ǰһ㣬ԶռһڤظȨ

Ĳɫ䣡
ڤظУԨվڤֻϣӰ䣬·ڤظΪһ壬ڤظס
ڣ෢ž춯صı仯
ԪԪʼƽ֯תֺء
ڶ౻µĶӡľ֮ʣµıѩΪԪʼȫɡ
ͼϼϯǬ
ǹɱ͵ĸо־ʱ򣬾ȻʧԪħҲɢ
ڶ־룬ֱڻһ·̱ǡ
֮·𣿡
ԨҲˣɣǰȫɢԪʼںʵ۲ӡִһǰδеľصС
ڴ۵ľ硣
شǰֳ
νۣҪѹſ谭ӡӡںϣشǴ˽֤ߵΪ
۵Żն磬ʧȥ־ľشӡǱƽľ硣
ǵ۵Żʡ
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Ԫɱ䣬Σ۵֮ʱ׻֣۵𵴣ƱὭʼ赲ӡǡ
ӡԨһ̣ʦѾ֮·
ֻҪӣ跨ӡϿɣɽںӡǣΪۡ
Դ˷֤ʹߣشѹܹ۵ŻʵĲ࣡
Ԩݲ䣬ֻǿһøİ赡
һǺ͹ͬһǻ֧ţȻᲢۡ
ټ֤ʹۺʮ곯Ϧ֤͹ۻжơ
˷֤ʹۣΨһķ
У֮·
ԨĿ˸ŨâŲ޸ֵĻֺ־
ԾǿУӣͬʱ־۵ӡǣ컻أ֮ϣͳ죬Ϊۡ
Ҫ뿪ˣٲ÷һΣ
Ԩƽδѡ̶Ľ١
һӣһתɲǽΧ׹ɢ
֤ҲҪʱ
ʱ򲢲ǳ֤ʱ
ոջڤظȨǽ˻ʵ
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ƼڤظߵĽɢ
󣬶ʱΧڶǿ΢һת˲ĵ˿
δûź֮С
һֵ۵Żʡ
źδܹĿһλǿ֤ʹۣǼʼĺûᰡ
񶼿óȻ˾֮λʼǣҲǲȣ״̬óȻĽ֤Ȼǰܶ١
˵ǻл֣׳ֲǿߡ
λʼᣬôһ֤ȻǸаա
ڴ֮ǰλʼ˵һ۵Żˮ
Уڶ۵ŻΪ仯֮ǰʼԵӮʼ档
Ӯע⵽Ľ֮ڤظһʮϣʮѿ
ڤظ֮漰̫Ӯʼ̲ס뿪˻ޡ

ڤظɹ٣¿ʼɢڲȫɽˮ
˶𺳲ѣڤظȨܹٿתڶ಻˼ɵ֮ġ
뷨
Χڤظ󣬱Ȼһϯľ޴籩
ǶԨһ㣬һֻԴΪ֮һȫκս
ʵϣڤظ֮Ƕ棬Ԩٵظĳ̶ֳȣöԸó
뿪ķʽδϲˣ


547 и
ڤ
ʱڤѾǵһʮ־˵ľء
Ϲһڤա
ڤİЩɫ
ڤʣڤɫĹڡ
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һƬȫµľһЩİĹʼֵԩ꿪ʼڻȪ֮ԣ˳Ķ飬Źأκţ̨һϴĻȪ֮ˮ´Աֻ߽š
ҲһԩҵŨԱߵĹߣѺ
ʱ´κԣӰĬȻǰֺ룬ƵĻȪӣǻɫĺϴؼһеǡ
棬ݾ㶼Щأ۵׻ЩΡ
ôҲû뵽ҵȥķʽȻֻأ
Щ̾Ϣ֮ɫ
˵ȥʽҲЩҵ֮⣡
ҲЩЦ
λ۵ŻʰԶһۣԡ
һʱ̽Ѿ𽥵óۣ˵ȷѾ뿪ˡ
ȫ֮󣬵ȷ뿪ӴԴ磬Ψһķʽֻء
£ľ˻ȡȥķʽòС
֮ǰ緢ֵǴȥڣҲʧˡ
飬ҵʧҶԲǣ
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˾֮⣬һ֧һ˿ɶǳĿģȫ
ȴ⣡
ĿҲЩ¡
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ͲҲһѼƻƶ岻ỵ£뵽ļƻȻǴȥ;йأһǡðѺŶ
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ҪָҲҪʱ䡣
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˵۵׻ЩŨɷ
ݲ䣬۵΢ЩĬ
ڴ˵ǷȥʱҲЩҡ
ԭ뵱УǴһͨȥҪֻȥҪһС
У浹ãȴ᲻ò׿ٳڤظȨ
þ̫ڿϧ
Ǿʹȥһ޴ĻԵ
ڴ˵أȻϣΪ޵棬Ϊһλ޵棡
š

ڤУԨֻ΢ǵУ뿪ڤ統С
ڤֻϿգԨƳһ۽ֻأһգɲʧ
Խ
һŨĵ۵ΰۣԪתԪԪʼϳһŨޱȵĹ⡣
ԨȥΪڤһ׵ĶиӦ
һĵԽԽˣǸǷһҲЩ޵Ļ
ͷԲ²⡣
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ֻĻͨҲڲͬ
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ͷ
͸ڤֻлع磬Ͱһֵġ
ֻֻأӦһĹͬԣǲ־ٻһԩ꣬һʧ磬ŷڤֻܹᴩ졣
޶ʧֻ᲻ת

ǣԨ뿪ڤ֮󣬱Ƿذ档
ڤ缫ҪԨԴпأܲһֱڴˣ÷һЩˣȷڤ档
ԨͬΪڤȨ
ϾһƵԴ磡
Ǳ޴
һܺõи
ΪҪǰ㹻ǿ󣬿ԻסڤȨȡ
Ԩڲڣ˸ոչİˡ


548 һս
ڣԨ밲̸ã֮ȥ
ߴϣһĽ£ͷϽڣЩ̾
ܹô̵ʱڣߵһǰ벻ġ
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δڤλףۣʮ
۱ؽǵ۵ŻʼĴڣռʮڰҲռϡ
ǺͶ棬Լλ۵Ż֮γɵĳʶ
֮⣬ڤظδڶ༫ҪλãƩȪ֮ڤڤ񹬣ڶҪλãЩ̺ž޴컯嶼ɽ֣ЩҪλã̰ڤ׵Ȩ
Ԫ˵İҲкô
û֮ǰѾо컯ʣ徻ۣ۵λŻʧ֪ǳ䣬ǳɹ죬뿪硣
Ҫ³
ҲЩΣһΰ֤ʹۣ°ﲻʲôæˡ
Ԩ뿪˰ǣһηذǣԨһЩҹ
ҹλԸ֮壬ȻδãԨ˰ӻ
δҹɳܹٳһλǿߣһλ׼ۡ
м۱ԨϤ¡
ǰϵ̡
ȫȥʱİҪ۱

麣Ԩ뿪˰֮󣬱Ȱݷһ麣ΪȻǶӮʼ档
һս֮Ϊƽأºڶʿǰ鿴ֳӮʼʧ֮⣬ǿҲ˲С
е۵Żʽٲ²⣬Ӯʼ˲⡣
Ԩ٣½ڼλʼĵÿһγֶǴżȷѪꡣ
۵Żʵ󣬲֮ǴЩʥر
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ڤظڶ̩ɽǰһֺޱȵľ޴񸮡
棬ϣλ۵ŻҲޱȵĸ֪ǽַŵ
ܵΪԡ
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Щ۵Żʺᣬȴһˡ
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Щʼ䣬ؼʼ棬ʼ棬ʼ棬ܹвҵڤ磡
ҵȥ֮Ҳܷ࣡
ڱԵҲ΢ףҲ跨Ǽʼ棬Щʼ̫ǿ߻һƱӵأѶԸĽ
رԴ룬ЩʼǷβܣؽƵرԴУٴԲ˵ûڶʱ֮γһ־ơ
ȥֻȥ˵þͻΪЩʼԳ
֪˶ãԼǰ꣬ꡣ
ĶƽϢ
ֻ꣬Դ֮ȴǱڶ಻֮ΪΪڰꡣ
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ʼڶʼΪʼ̲һڶǿ۵Żʼֶ£ֻء
ӣΪ۵Ż䣬ĲǾ͸ˡ
罫СĲ
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춼Ӱ졣
ʼ֮ǣȴҲηǡ
䣬ʼĴգڶǿ֮ɫ䡣
ʼѳֵڤظ磬еؽڡ
ڶǿУڤǴʼ档
ֵһǣΪĪ壬ڤٷչ˺ĿӣڤĹʽڶʿУʼʹȨ
Щ仯Ҳһǿ߿У档

Ǳ˶۾
ѵһ㶼ϧ𣿡
磬Ԩһȴոո˵ĵͥУԨѾ»ָۣҲʥ顣
겻״̬ѡ
һλӢޱȵŮӣһϮ¶ڵͥ翵Żֻһ㣬ͷعڣѹ
һֺֻϣ۴ʱ˫ԨͷҲǰ𶯡
Ԩʱ۵գ۵ȫβסȻѾ˳ޱȵ֤˵۵
ֻΪǿۡ
Ҳ֪ʱ֤ۣȫûκһס
Ԩĵ۲û̫طĸˡ
ΪҲʼ氡
ؼֻλʼ棬ʼ켫ʥӮ̫յȫǰλʼֻأѹնɱ
Ȼǰİ²׷Ź


549 
кοϧ֮
Ԩƽɱ¾ӺƵԨ飬΢Ƭ̻˵Ӧú۾ֻδػתֻȥ
ǵȥ۾ܹסͷ̰ȥڤȨδأ
ڤףֻصĴ޵棬ջûo̵ܹס
֪
Ԩƽݲ䣬ŲǰһʰϣȴǵȻޱȡ
ֻҪұһ֤ʹ޵֮λԶֻڤĵ۾ף
ͬ۵ȴ쳣š
Ų԰ǻ֮󣬶ӵеһȡ
鲻䣬ͷ̾˿
ôΣҲɱ𣿡
۴ʱӵվ
ֺܸ֣һŽŽϹתһŨҵתնѲ񷣬һɼ˷ζ͸¶
ԨоһֲСв֮С
һ۷
оŵֺתŵۻ
ۡ
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ϵҪһ
ԨƳһۣ˵ǵǲأֻѷغİˣѲʺϴڴ˽磡
¶һ˿Ц֮ɫԨֵȻҸܷεִ־һ˿ҲУ
Ԩޱȣ
֮⣬Ѿ統ԼҺ԰
Ԩֱӣ۵ߵļЦ֮ʱȥ
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Ԩǰ鵭Įء
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һӰȴŮ΢仯Ŀ΢ӵĿһԨ˾ԻһӰȻڡ
˾ȫ۵Ļ
ǵŵʬԪô
ԨɫתƼһĻͷ΢һ
ŵնʬ񻰺նʬ֮ҲǷ
ɲǼ䣬ɻֺϹ칬ķ򣬾ײ
ɲǼ䣬ǺȻ𶯣Ƭ̼侹ɫײУȻ𶯣飬һש߱𵴣ڿ
ֿ²𺳳ա
ⳡײ֮ڶoڿնԶԶȥȴϿ¸յ羹ȻɲǻΪһƬ棬Ҳܵ˲
ڴˣԽ͵ǣȻݻС롣
һĻ𺳡

УԨ΢ǱĴ̤֣ɨ̮磬Į΢
һ۰ˣ
Ⲣ۵ķáʰԡڶܣԴ籾Դҵʤ
Ĺȷǿޱȡ
У۵ͨöҪǰ
ѾֻΣЩط̵׻Щ㡣
ֻأмԸĳɷ֣Ըȫ
ִΪѣҸط诸궨Ȼ⣡
Ԩͷ̾ʱĿֻ֮Ȼһ
ԨһУһϹ£С
ҵλͼ
ŵͼԣϸȥϹӨӨﻹһλϴŮһš
׹
ʱԨȷλںĵʵݡ
Ǻŵ۵еһλۡ
Ҳһλ
Ҳһλ
Ԩҵλͼȥȥ֮ǰ˲ӴһƵ⡣
У۵׾ǾǾ֮£ת𷨣޷ӿֻ֣Ԫ鳹ױ顣
֮ǰ۵Դһ˿ںޣ֪ʵʵڷӡ
һب칬һ֮ɢȻȻһب֮ҲǿoаǵƻصĴڣĪ⣬硣
ͥӡƬϡ

֮ϣڴһ֮Ԩһ۰ǵķ΢һ̾ɲʧһǳʧС


550 ں
ݣľ

գ֮ϵľȴȻ𶯣һεĵڶ˵ע⡣
ֻĿʮޣ¶κζߡ
̾񾩵Ӱ̫ڻֺ롣
޴Ͽɣκһ˿ħ˾ע⡣
ľµľµڣԨǾ޴ľϡ
ľ죬ľ۴αȣҫŹɫʡ
Ƭ̼䣬һƾոľµǰľµϵԨ˫ȻǰһϤס
һ޶ֻһ۵ѹŨޱȣһ۵ѹ΢һЩӰԵ
ͬǵӰΪ׺Ե
ں𣿡
µİݺЩЦݣ
عɣ
ϣԨƽ
ԨݲͬһĹģ壬΢һա
£µȻûľϵԨϡ
أԻع飬ԨʱоһˮһĻֺܲϴ˷ڡ
ǹɻֺرԴǾ춯أ
ԪںϹһԪ֮ȼգΧ۳˵ɫĴγɵĲ񻷡
ΧԽľ򲻶ϼӳ֣Ҳֿɢ
ͷƵ״Ȼֳ
һŴͼҲڴʱƿնɹԪʼ嫣
漣һļԨ̧һֻ֣һָֻһ㡣
ͼʱΪһöƽֺۣᡣ
飡
΢΢𵴣Ͽգ޾ɫ䡣
ͼ
Ҳǰһڡ
Ԩߵ·ȻͬȫǷ;Ծתޡ
תԨԣҲһȫµĳԡ
ʵϣԨѡûд
ԨһӣһöƽʱԪŵһͬԴںϵķǳ˳
Ԩ˳ƱĿȫ֪ںϰĸı䡣
תгɶŶ𽥸ԭеĸţεоöǲɱΪɹǡ
һֵ
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ӦԪʼڸԭĵ壡
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Ԩĵ΢̾
ԪԪͼںϣԨһӣһǹתɫƿո֡
ǰ
ӶУǰɫһȻ£ٲһԪ֮ת˲ûԪ
ںϵԪֺ뱾ԴʱԲ
̫Դ
̫Դ֮󣬱徳˳̤ĵһСԲ˳ͻﾳ
ľ̫ﾳ龳
̫Ҫռ̫ţ׳Դ
컯̨֮ͬ
ԨȻλĴͳ֮·̫Դ
ǰЩ̫Դǰ屦ȡ
ԴˣԨġ
Ƶϸ̫Դ룬⴦ϸԪ˽֮

ֻǸʼ
ֻƬ֮Ԩ̤ﾳ
ﾳУҪĸ
ǰд
ǰϼ׹䣡
һĺĸӹ᳹ԨڣԨʱǣﾳڣڣڣԲƬֱ̼뷵
תͷԪƮԼԼɢһӴԴζ
ȻΪ
̲˰ԪʼԼǿԨȻѡΪ޷
ԨʼռʺԼõģ
ֻԽ
ͷƮһֺֻת
УԨԣ׵ġ
ͷͼͼʱͷһֺ黯ʵؼ䡣
ͬڣһɻֺĴ֡
Ǵ
ᣬԨһ˦Ϲ⻯Ρ
΢
΢ƿһɢһеĴΰ
ϻ֣
ǷǿߵĶһĳɵ֮
Ԩһѡ΢ǰ
ǰǲδκ䣬ֻɫϵŨһ֡
ҵӴ磬ǳԴ֮Ѿƽ̫ı׼
ԨܹıԨӡԨĹϵԽ޼䡣
ʱĵŸոںһҡ
ת˲Ԩ΢΢һһɱԪţѾ̤龳硣
Ҳǵ磬һС硣
ҪɳȫûͼȻǸ޵Ԩ
ȻԨ֮Уͷδûһ˿˿ź
Ԩ̯ֻںϣģϵĽ𽥰
ղͬģ壬ȫʧˣ
ԨҲû⣬ģһжΪںϣʧȻ
ڰģȫʧ֮һȫµģɫĹ⡣


551 ջ񣬳
ɫɢŰԵޱȵܣԨ΢⣬ǽ
֪ŵһγںģ廯ı仯
ַĸоʵ̫ˣõԨЩ
ϸ飬Ԩż
ԨƳһľµһֱ뿪ľµڡ
һʱԨڻʹ
н꣬λֻǹʮ꣬仯
һ·֮ϣڶoŮɼټ㶼ݾȣæͷ
£
ǲٻǵһολʡ
ֻŵ۾չѾʮ꣬ѳ
вŮ¶˳֮ʱ͵͵̧ۣһλգǰʲæͷ
״Ԩӻ֣ϵ۵ϣλԼѲߵoУȴλټ۵̺޷ֱӡ
ɱ¾̫Щ
ԨƲ΢üͷִںϰ֮Ҳһ㸱á
һ˲Ŀֲ۵׻˿˿Ѫת
ɱ¾Ĵɱ
ɱ֮Ҳ޷ϴȥ
ˣ
Ԩ۵΢ЩΣ뿪֮ǰƻĴ֣ҲڤĹ糩ͨ裬ɱ¾
ڶoֻأѹ
еĵ۵Żʲʮ
ʮͻ۵ĵ۵Żʣв˿һ㣬ɱ
ɱ֮أһ㡣
ɱҪƽҪԨĥԡ
£
ڴʱǰһλǳɫװϲޱȵ
Ԩ̧ͷλȵӰĿףԭþòհϾ԰
Ȼ⼸걻Ϊ֮һʯ
󣬻мλļ
λݾ㶼¶ϲɫ
Ůæ
£
Ԩ΢ͷԣԨ˼ϤӰԨԺжЩŮӡѾȽϵϳ˼λ
Ͼ겻
ǺŮǷǾ˾Ӥ徰鹬һͽݣǵķ֮λ˺ͥڡ
һλǼζûп䡣
⼸λŮѾ֮·˷Ƿ
ЩŮں󹬣Ҳ˼䣬󲿷ѾԼԼ㶼ǳһͷ޴ı֮¡
ԨԪת֪⼸ŮѷֱͷԱ֣һ֣˲ŵСȼ
ԨҲѵ鲻ͣƬ̡

ԨڻʹתһȦȥһֻ̫̫һֱеС
λĸڷȨ֮ĿǰȻһ
ۺǱߣһҲ˱չ״̬У׼Ϊ׼
һ㣬ԨΪΡ
ʱΣȫѹڵۺϣĳ̶ֳȣȷһϸĵ۾
ͷ䣬նϳ֮;
ԨԱĵµķٳ
ʵ۳أһЩʿԼo
ôʱأҲôͥһŶ衣
ԺĴήԪնϣ£ǶЩĸ
սڶС
ԪնѾ˺һӡ

񾩣½ĽľϽַЩһ޴Ĺڣڻʥǵħ˾ħй
йڣתλüͷ΢ţЩأλƽŰ
˾ڣƮŨ˷ųʥתɫһ˾ڣЩϤΪɣԽ嫣ֳһǿʢ֣ѾǻoļޣűԴoת
һƵĴת
Щִ꣬Ƶħ˾ħͷν쳹ݡ
ͷ֮ʢڴУǵ֮Ŀףʥ̫ҲԶԶ
һжǴǱʼ
Ҳû뵽һС˵Ȼ˾޴ĺ
䴫ԣǳڵε۾֮֡
Ҳ֤ˣ񳯵۾Ŀء
пǴ񳯵ĵһλԴo
һǱԴ۳ͣ˳Դo
ҲǱԴoȷܽˣ
ֻһš
֮ϣڹ˼֮ʣֻ˾Χ𵴣һɺƵתӽľ
Ӧֱ仯һת˲¶ϲɫ
ȻƬ֮˾֮⣬񽫴˺Ϣ
ˣѾأ
ã⼸λǰһʥ

ĵµ
ĴϵĹԨûš
һҲá
һν磬ջǰδС
˻˰ģȫôǳɹһ֮ЧĴ̹;
תгɣ
ջǸˡ
ƩʼݣԼѹӡǡ
Щջڶʱ֮ڣȫתòźãͷ뷨


552 뷷۾ħ
Ǽʵô񳯶ʱ֮ڸϲ¥
ƩһִС
Ĵƫɱ
գȷλ棬ʿoмһˡ
ϾʿoԳΪĿġ
λ콵֮ɱĵλؽˮǴߡ
ΪʿoҪɱЩܹ٣ͨĵر
ʱǰħλħ˾ڵǰ
Ԩʣٹ˽ݼ
ħ˵⣬ԨѾ֪߰˰ˣ󣬱䲻صǣպ⼸λĽƣҵ֪Ѵ͹ҩò˶ãܹȹֻ꣬⣡
Ӣ
ԣħԼԱߵķħݴϲ
СպԼλߵл۾¡
ͷ˿
պֵñɡ
ǰʱڱ߾ѲߣλǿĪڣˣӻֻµɢ
æ£Сܣ޷λoټ½
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Ԩеʥּ𣬻һڹǰ
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ԣλoĵŭЪȡ֮Ǿ
һﴳ񳯾ڵħǷͬһ㣬ǹҲδܹҵԷЩħ˲٣Щoǿ
ڼּȥ֮ʱԨס˹
һ
΢һæȭȺǰλ񳯵۾Ը
ϣԨƲƬ˵ؽѾλ۷壬ò˶ñɳԴo֮λ֪кδ㣿
һһЦݣ˵СУϵ³ȫСȻԸͨɾͱԴ
ϣԣԨΪЩ⣺㲻ڣ뷣תo֮ѣ
Ԩ¿·λͽ
񳯽ƣвѾָ
ۼսλħȻǰʮҲԨвͽ
ǵ࣬ԼǣѪǵȻǿ󣬵ײδɳɳãȻҪһʱ䡣
ԨЦȷΪݣ
o۷壬ʵһθ;Ļᣬѡֱе񹂣תΪo֮Դȡ
Ȼ֮·ѡԴӴ̶֮
λᣬԺֻн޵澳֮󣬻л֮
̤o֮·񶼺̺oӣлᣬoᡣ
ڹԣȷпʱ֮ڣɾ͸߲εΰ
ݣΪһ𶦷УΪ
һʮ˲õĳɾ͡
һoľ硣
Դ̸֮壬²ıλضү
˵λؽϣ߳һûʴ
Ƿƣo֮·ȻܹתΪһΪǿoλڶoҲܿȻˡ
oǲмҲΪֻżȨѡ
ϣԨ۵֮ɫת˲ؽѡȷȷģԺ޻һʥּ뷷ΪħۣԶ𣬴۾λܹ֮
۾λ񣿡
ԣݴϲǴǰδе¡
ܵùټ뷷۾λɽɽٵʱֶ˼ְա
л£ºͿأѱ
ǵһдΰݣ֣֪֮ļ¶þƽ
һľʵʱҲ˼⣬ֻһλͨoΪܹõλһٶ
˼ϲʲôɫŵ㡣
ʣֻǿϣвۡ
սܾ֮ȱƳò֡
ϣԨһЦ˵ܺãذ䣬㽫񳯵ĵһλ۾ͨδҲΪ޶һ棬Ϊ޵ұۣ
ϣǵųѹùһǵޱȵ£·Ԫ֮תЩͣԪȨ΢
ǣ£ض߾ȫֹˣ
λȻͷֹסļ
۾λ񰡣
ԳֻйټҺͻʺе۾λֻ
ǳƷλ
Ԩӻ֣ùȥ뷷۾λԨͼƻе顣
ʣ񳯵̣뷷һλ۾Ȼһ񳯵̡
ڵԨ


553 Ů
ֺ룬ӳԻĹӰǾ춯ء
һ֧֮񳯡
ⰴԨ룬ܿҪٴƶƷ񳯣ڻ治ˡ
뷷۾λoȫ㹻
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ħ۸ְ֧۾λȨ
񳯰УǬ
ħۣҲֻ񳯵۾һ
ӳԶȻһ񳯵̣һжֵõġ
Ͼôˣȥֵܴ񳯳˶ѻԻң޶塣
ͷԨֻһС£ʥּ֮͢oʡʡ·ȥ
ֻʡʡϳ֮󣬱ʽ񳯡
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뷷ⳬƷ۾ְ۾ҲǺ˲һֳɾͣڶʿoУֻͥʲӵеȨ
ĳ̶ֳȣҲǧǣ
죬֮ףڵ֮ء
ɹƮ·ͨʮĳһ죬ԼԼк컯ɾ
һڣһλŮڶ˵Ľ̸ü΢š
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ͷӦ֮£ڶŮ΢ĿУ߳ɵۣѾЩ롣
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ǰЩˮʩչֶΣնɱһλˮ
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ʰ飬ڽƬ̣׼ɵɾ磡
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ȡɽϸ飬ȻõϢȻ촽΢ţ𺳡
ҪƷ񳯣
֮£첽ǰʥܿڶʵϢȷ֮
Ϣʱĺ۵׺Ķһ˿ԣͷЩɬ⣬ǵϵİţΣ
ӦòλʦĲ
Ůļ΢鴤

ģ޾
һС򣬵С֮Ҳгݵֶ
еĻƵ
ͻƵһԳΪһڲһصǿߡ
ˡ
˵һλʮǿϹʿסڳ룬ѹųĵط֮𣬸
ʱ޴ĳɳڣһλŽ۵ڽӼλɡ
λһһŴ̽Ϣ
ߴ̫ʦϣ˲ʱḧеķ
Ƭ̣ü̾ΪžڣԯɹĴأټϲдľŶ磬Ѱ޷룬ҵϢֻ֮粢ŨأһƷʵ֮⣡
ɣƷҵȸδã
ԱߣһλԴġ
ڳݴſڡ
֮࣬̾һͷͻ˵һͷɲǲ⡣
ҲüͷһƷ񳯣ô£ϾҲǳصģҲǿ֧֣񳯱ɻʹĺۼ
ʹǲһǰ񳯣ͲǵڿŴ񳯡
񳯻ҺԯƵ۵Ѫ
룬˱иλ˳һŶ裬ᣬղϢǴһͳӦδ꣬ĥݵĵ̣óȻ֣
ٶҳʮضģҲǳصģ
΢΢һ̫ʦΣһɳɹתһ㣬ѹ硣


554 ׷ɱϣ
ϵɽ֮ǰ޷Χһŷµɽȫƥı
ֱǰɽµĴ׺һڣ
ɽǰһ֧ΧŻѣһƱǴţ͸¶˵ζ
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ܲǵĵǰȥ
ǰ΢üͷ
Աע⵽飬㶼˼ӰȻڹǱȻһЩۼֻҪҵⷽݵͳߣЭܻһЩõϢ
ԣӰΪ
Ǹð취ǰݿɲͬС
ûǿбȣ
µЩˣ
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ͬʱע⵽ɽΧڶo˷ֻһ˾㶼䵭мĮ
УħﵥӰŴƬΧλoӡ
ﵥҲǰЩڵ飬Ϊ仯ƽ˵λǴǵˣǵĹأѵûʲô˵𣿡
˵ʲôҪ𣿡
ǺӰݴʱЩ죬ƳһΧ½½ĵطo¶Ц
ﵥʱҲһĨŭ⣺ߣʶȣ֮ǰ֮شһλ񽫣
ҲؽƱ磬ȷ֮λǰħ˾һˣ
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ûвеȻĵԶԶȺʿ
ǿڵĺӰȴǲȡ
ǵɱ¾۶ɣǵдҲ޷ֱֵӳһطȻֵסˡ
ԣﵥסͷĲ˵
λĸ֮ˣҳݽԵ֮
ЦС񣬾վǰĵ˵ƾҲ䣡
ӰʱѾּͣһɹٲһ㳯Χ
ЦǵķԱԲֵһᣬԱķΣ
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ﵥΪɫ䣬ֲֿĵϯ·ݣΧʱձѹۡ
鲻䣬ЩǿǿҲܹȫѹ¡
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ǷɽЦУɷ֮ɫлΪһͷǹﵥ۶
ɫ⼫ǿǵҲԵ
ﵥҲ¶һ˿ֲ⣬ֱ޾ɷΧ
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󵨣
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ƼһĻλӰһ䣬ĿΪ׵λǿߡ
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ת˲λһ䣬ֻǧȻУһֻƾճ֣ݺĻĿȥоޱ߻磬Ԫʼ
ĽҲȫƳ
ЩѿĵУҲȫ
Ǹոս̫ҵoܹ⣡

һӰҲڽǰȻ񳯴ʸոս粻ãӦû̫
ǰΰ̫ڷ˼Щ֤̫ҵϹŶҲоһ˿ĺ
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һֲڿնӳɽбȡӿ
籾ԴȺΪ֮
񳯽Ʒ
Ƽȱ仯ŨӰɲɫüĵ֮ȼա
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ǿɲʲô֮


555 

ϣԨϴˣüģһⶴգ鹬һƷʯ
ͬʱݺ俪˻籾ԴŻ
ԨԪҲٴν˻ᣬ½籾ԴУ仯
ڴ֮ǰԨýС鷳
һͷæ֡
ԨȿǱ֮صλo
λoأһɫoҪôޣҪôǴǶo
Ķǽɾ磬λ֤͵ĵ
ϣ˲עⶼѡ
ԨͿЩo⡣
ϻЩϢ
ʲôʿҪһ
Ԩת͸գһֻתƿץ
ǧ硣
Ǭգ
ʨӲãȫԨһֱǶ˿ֶΡ
ɽ·֮ǰλʿ˾㶼ɫ䡣
ֻͷȻ̮һֻ޴ƾս٣
ѣ
ǾƷգһã޿ӡ
ôܣ
λoҲͰˣɲǼ䱻ǿֲĴ־Ԫ𺳡
Ԫδ֮նǣλ̫ԪԪԽޱ߻֮ĺ嫵УΧתĻͨתΪ硣
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Ԩһ۱ǿеɽ٣ĵرһ֡
ܹؼĸģһ츳
̫仯壬ñ岻ԨĻǧӰͼԸⶴǧ磬Ȼ̫͹ԨʱĵС
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Ԩһгֵöʯӣֽ֮ڡ
ʤ
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񳯵۾չ¶ĵУǵ𺳵ͬʱĽ
ħǿᣬǿɶǿֺ룬ͶɱǣȴǷ֮䣬Լҵ۾ѹסˡ
Ͷ֮ѹסԨ˫֮⣬ЦӰХӰԽͼΪԶ֮ǿߡ
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ıչ֮˫һͲԨĳأֻǲδ⣬һһػУԨʱչ¶ĵУͷеһ㵡
΢֮ǻָƽͷ̾Ԫ𽥴ӵؿ߻þиֶĻԵ̫
ԨȻ٣Ҳû
ؼӲȱЩž֮
Ԩͣӵȵеoȷټ
ǰλʵȷϣΪؼһ޽ɣ
˼΢ҡҡͷ
츳ԨǿʣҲֻп޾硣
޶ڶoԣ̫翣ѣ
ת˲ע⵽мɶ⣬вһдУһǾݶ֮һ
һΪ
Ũķ˱Դ


556 ɱ
̺ŷ˱ԴıȻΪ֮
УԨѾʿȡɳĵر
һΣĳϵҩ
һ꣡
΢仯
񳯽Ʒȷǿղܡ
ЩôǣΧݸɽõ컯Խ㣬Դ䣬Ҳеõ컯
ֻΧڶoʿһЩһЩõɣתؼµ컯꣬˻ϴǡ
ǧѷĴԵ
񳯷ɶ֮֮컯
ֻڳԼڶƷȵoӵе컯
ۼô׽ļˣõĺôȻġ
˫УֻƬ֮񾩻ʹ
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Ʒ񳯽Ķ
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һ˿֮ɫЩ֮Ҳкô
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ԨԪڻ籾ԴƬ̣ʱ΢
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ԨϹţΪ΢ɨһĻ΢⡣
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557 任
ԨĿȥϿգڶʿo϶ͻƵס
ٲܹͻƴ󾳽硣
񳯽֮󳬺
ľǳҲб仯
ԨԱߡ
ǱĽľ̬ǳһȦ
ľѹ˴ó
ԨʱԪ϶Ϊһ͸ľľ֦ѾֻƿһЩգγһ֮ͨݡ
ʮ졣
͸ͨ콨ľȡʮĻֺţԼصϡ
Χͨ콨ľҲԽһϵеĽ裬񾩳γһרеĶؾǿУ
񳯵̣ܹӿ񳯵ǿ߳ɳٶȣ
ԨΪϲɫ
Ȼͻͽ˼֮·Ҳûз
񳯳ɳԽ죬֤ʹ޵Ļ۾Խ
ԱߵǳȻЩɳҪóҪһЩʱ䣡
ԨƳһ۾鹬ͨɫ
ǳ𽥼¹ܷͨĸ֮·
ԶԶȥǳҲڴִɫҶӭչǳ·ҶиֳճһſϸСǳǹ⡣
Ԩ֮ǰǳʮɣԼǧŰʮ֦ɣе;
ȻԨԪ΢һɹݽϿתӰ
ϲ£˳Ʒ񳯣ڣ
Уһ
ԨĿȥԴӰԶԶ֣߻һλİˡ
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Ԩͳ˲޶໰֪볤򽻵
Ϊ͵ڴŵĵ·֮ǰ
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Ԩʱ֮¶һ˿ϲɫ磬ԽգɲǼǳӸϿա
أԳ֣ǸӦӸڣһӰƾճ֣ׯ䣬Ӻݡ
һϹųӴзɳ۶ӷɳ֮ʱΧɣɲǱ

ʱݴһ˿ϲɫ̤ճ֣ɣһ˿е
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ת˲Ԩԣʱһƽ֡
ֻЩʱ֮޷ֻԼԼƬΧת޷ֱӽ١
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Ԩɨʱ֪Ŀǰ״̬
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л
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ԨСҪСģҪߵĵ·ͬһ㣬·Ҳﲻ٣ʵʱɽһ˵
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ô׵ģ
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ͬʱ׼ɽ֮ʱ鹬һȳ𣬿ʼɽ١
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558 ۺ
һγ۶ӵǵظڤͥ
λڤԨһСľϲ
УԨѿ
񳯽ƷҲڤͥ
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Թ֮ȡ֮·ͼޱȣλͬʱ
Ԩ׵⽹ۣ
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ʵϣԨһֱڤͥȨȵۡ
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һд⣬һۣ۵ҲЩ졣


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ĿⶢǾɫ񵥡
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ɫ񵥱ʮǰʱǿᣬɢĵϸΪŨ
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ֱԣؼеӵ˺ʹʿoҲࡣ
Ԩȴȿ˵ϣ٣Ҳ⣬Ĳܹ࣬˵ıĵ;
ԨƳһǰǰ񣺡Ҫߵĸ֮·ǳ֮أǰ̺ŵɽǳٳɳҲܰкط
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ԨĵݵģϹΪˮŮ񣬱ܵϹˮԴӰ죬ı䡣
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ԨаҲûżĿ㳡֮ǰλֵͬܶ棬˻񳯽УҲ治٣ԯѪˣ½һᴿҲ۳ԯ
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鹬ǰλo֤ܿɣԪγɵĺΰ

·ǹ񳯴˽һš
ԨˣĿ΢仯ҡҡͷ
иһƷںٽܹ񳯸ƷλȻһߡ
ƷƷվŲġ
֮󣬵ۺ˱ǳæµ
Ʒ˳չȻҪн䣬Χڶ롣
ҫҲŴӰĺûᡣ
Ʒ񳯽յȨţȻҪµĵ̡
ǳݣڤͥһ
ȻڤͥǱߣԨһγװλȨһ˳̤򣬵ֹ
񳯽ƷʱͥҲЩ
һƷ񳯵ĳ֣ͥԣҲһС£


560 ʹʧ΢У
ʮʣֺͥ嫡
ϣƷ񳯽ֺйʮ죬ͥʱΪͥ׽漴Ϣ뵽ͥ
Żᣬǻֺĵط
֪ǳ֮ʱЩ̾
Ǿ̾ɽĳݾܵƷ񳯣ĻΪ񳯵Ľٶȡ
Ϊʻ·ʥĹϵͥԴ񳯵֪Ⱥܸߡ
ϾܹõϹŮ񣬱ע⡣
oļУ񳯽ƻ죬һαչصʱ䣬겻Ʒ񳯣Ҳࡣ
ͥܿʾʴĴʦһλʦΪղ·أͬʱһֺ
ĸǱҲŮժ·Ϊʹ߳ء
һʱ䣬ͥϣڶ

ͥϷһֺ빬ڵУһصһ̨ϣ
¡أһ޾󣬶ׯϣ
ƼͥĶ֮λǿ΢̾˿
ʵͥ۷״̬ʱ½ҪƷҪͥɲ׼Ʒ䡣
ģҪͥϢ
˳֮ҲҪϽְͥǼᣬһƷ񳯣ͥҲͰˣȻҪͥ硣
в࣬ʵЩ̾Ϣ
λʵȷЩ£
΢ĳ̶ֳĲѾЧȷ©ֻϧ
۵ʱЩ֮ɫƬ̻ҡͷֻ˵΢һ㽫΢۾²ȥλ̵΢ǾܷԸÿĻΣ
Ĵǲ㱨ɴ֮ҶԹ壡
һƬ̳˽۹ɹת֮ȴһ̫ǿ
ΧһƬݼŵǺȫΪʳɾֻҪǳɢ΢Ĺ⻪
һ޴ļǳ֮ϡ
ǳϣĿݽߣ㾰İɫʣһ޴֮ǰ
ϸȥǾȻһ΢۾
񻪹ޱȣưܺۼ⼫Ϊ
Χ鲼ĴģЩѹĹԣѹĺɽĵ۾Ȩ
ͥ۾̤ƬΧ֮оɱиգһɿֲ֣֮ܵǹǿܣ𻪷һ䡣

üһһ㶼棡
⣬æȡһ΢һϹ֮ǰת˲΢Χľɱ󻺻ƽϢظݷ״̬
һĻλͷҲ˿
۵׻Щ̾
΢۾ʱ򣬿Ĵ޵棬ƷĴڡ
ֲֿĴڣһЩдֶΣҲֵܵҲ컯Ȼĵδûۡ
΢۾µ²Ȼϵشޱһر
ָܹ֮һдǣת˲ͷ
룬Ѿ׼õ΢Уת˲ȥ
ȥ֮ǰĿٴμΧɨǿ֪ͥǿвٶĿпɲ뱻֪֪ͥ΢۾λйء
ͥУвǿڶ޷ȷ΢۾λoУѾ֡


ԨЩһֱæµУ񳯽Ʒ䣬ӭķͣҪճ
ͥǲʹǰжһ
ЩĽҲ̽񳯵ĵ̡
һЩǿߣԨ跨С
ЩС¡
֮˺ͳ˵ĽӴ
Ǵ¡
ܱѪ³˫ԣһ¡
ȻһƲͥ
ձ
ͥΪϵĴ٣ڶѹǿʧͥʵȻ޷ӡ
ȻֻҪһ̬ȣϾ۴񳯺ͳͥ¡
ͥҲֻһʵʿƵ򲢲ࡣ
ƹɡ
ֻһգĵµдԨȴԪӦһ˿΢ǳı仯
ͷǵ
΢۾Ĵô
ĵµڣԨ˫Ԫ΢۾λҲ΢ƺڿʲôֹֻת˲նϣ
Щ˼ɫ΢üͷ
ʱ΢۾λͻȻֱ仯ȵͬʱҲЩ衣
Ƭ̣ԨǴǰȥѰҵ뷨
΢۾Ĵвʲôеһ΢۾ĴѾǺˡ
΢۾Ī䣬Ԩ鷳أԸȥǰε鷳
⹦򣬲רעھתɱ䡣
ҪңҲǵ֤ʹ֮


561 ̫
Ԩȫ΢۾е뷨ͥеһִ
׼ôã͵ǰ΢۾С
ܳһʱ䣬޶
ⲻవеĴڶΪʧ
Ҳһ˿

ݣȻǰͰԼļƻһݵȫǱܣͬʱ׼š
볤˵ĽǢ̸УȻҪʱ䡣
飬Ԩ˽Ժһʱĵ
ʮʱ䣬λǾѾɳΪسԨԵĥɿһá
ϵ໹ǻ׹ݣǵ۾ϵ
ԨԣΪϼָ飬һʱ
ʮȥĲϼѾţⲢꡣ
齻࣬ԨΪģΪһʧԨ˼λܳ糯еļλ֮㣬δ鸦
ֵһǣڳԨ˲ӡж֡
ƩգƩ緶ţˡ
Щ񳯹ԱڵĴʶԣȻ̫ɳȻҪʱ䡣
ĵµڣԨһ֮΢Щ̾Ϣ
ƳһӸķ򣬲ʱЩ
Ѿȥȥ֮ǰҲûжٵ֮飬Ԩֻ֪ҪڣȻܹġ
ʵиʱС
ԨЩȻĿǰʱô
ĳԣһء
δ֤͵֮ǰԨϣҪи
ǲѰĵۺ󣬶Ҳǵ¡
Ϊ£־ͬϣҪ໥֣໥
Ѿʧ⣡
Ⲣǳ֮
Ԩ֮ǰѾһ飬̫ء
̫ȻѲй֮ڣʱܹλ
ԨЩ׼۳һΪִƳ
ֻзţԨ١
Ʃ硶𾭡
ϵġ컯ɾҲг߱
Ԩ׼԰µһֲʯԴ۳һΪ񳯣
̯ģģԡ
ȥһصһλo֮һεģ塣
һεģս⣡
ԨƳһۣʱͷ
ֻ֮ǰҪ㶼׵
ĵµڣڽл۵߰˰֮Ԩʱ뿪񾩡
ӴԪѭŽķ򣬾ֱһٽƺӵ֮ء
һŨ֮һƿճ֡
ǵ񶦡
䡣
ݶԨʩΪ£һڵ㡣
ˣ
ԨԸоһԽӶȻ֮ࡣ
ֵô򵥣
Ԩü΢۾λ΢⣬λеıԴЩ
۵΢һ˿֮ɫ
ԤУЧҪã˸Ϊȹ̣
ϸ֮Ԩ۵׻һ˿Цݡ֮⣬תٶҲ˼֣񳯶ɼޣҲ
Ǽ֮·ҲҪӦһЩת
ΣԽǿʿӰԽ
һ࣬ӰУȻⲢؼģħħĿЩĴڼΪʿo
ִһ֮󣬼ħ٣νħ
ԨȻҲϣĴ鷳
ݶܹܺõİķɡ
ÿһ䶼æĥת񳯻۵
ǾΪ֮
Ƭ̣ȷԨһУʱзٽӡ½ھݶһַ󷨣񶦺ۼ
һ֮ŷ񾩡

ģ޾ڣһħ쾮һɹƿշɳǱޱȵĳƬڵУǿҵɹⲨԪΪ
һλɣһһλɡ
պ׷ذɫ̫ͼϻһصĴǧֻ̺Ŵǧصӡǵ̤֮Ѹɢ
ֻ׹ѹȣ죬ϵΧƣҲڻɢ
ɢ󣬵ĵ˿ͬʱĿΧ
Ͻ磬ﻪ챦㣡
ֻ΢֪ݴһ˿ϲ֮ɫ
ĿȥԶߵԶодŲϡ
ҲЩ衣ĿȻǰɹ޳֡
ʱֻϷһ֮Ȼһ֮ͥϸ֣һλƿո֡
λoŴӴ߳
λע⵽̫ϵصϣ֪ǹɵĶ֮⣬΢𶯣ݶһ˿𾴣Ϊͥϸ񽫣ѿǷˣ
ƶ̫ˣ֪ʹ


562 ֮Ը
С⴦쾮񽫣֮ͥרڴ˵Ⱥ񣬵ֲضǣ
̫˵Ľ΢ЦΪ⣬һ̫Уͬʱ˵
뿪˵أв̫Ծӣ
ŶΪΣ
ԣ̫üͷһ塣
в졣
̫üɫ˰ڰЦֲҪģֻǳһ䣬̫¹ؼԵԾߣͨʥȻ֤֮λ磬ԹҵȽ֪ҪΪ߻䣡
ԭˣ
̫һֳǰλ콫˵ԭлѣ
̫۵׶һ˿⡣
״ͷһϲ̫𽥷Сͥ͡ͷνǰλͥ
֮ͥ⴦ħ쾮ɲŽְ𣬸Ҫʼ£Щɡ
ÿһλɽͥλϸ񽫶ͥ
ɵеɡ
ڣڷУҲڱȽϺ͡
ͥ³򣬻ĳݣݣ
̫˫һɨеġͥ͡صķ飬۽硣
˷飬֡
ؼȻͳأѹͥ
ⱾСԣͥⷽΪǿͳ򷽣ʮ磬Ҫ׳Ƴ
ڽµĳҲЩԱӡеԪʼڻҪǿ󣬾˵ӵŽɡ
Уɣɣ̫ҽɣ޵֣֤֮ﾹֻǿʼҪȴΨн̫ҽɣ
ֻ̫۽󿪡
κһ򣬶Ǿ뢼ĴڣҲҪߵĵ·ǰĵ;ﾹȻʡ
ϲǣСмأУһλϣ֤ͽɡ
ɳ֤ͽɵļʣҪɡ
˵δĵ;ҪԶԶ֤ɵĵɣɵȵȡ
̫ͷϲʱҲЩǰλ񽫶ΪУԷ̹ϣͥøС
ֻɨ棬̫Щľ
Ʃ޵Ļң⣬档
гݾȻһƷ񳯡
Դ̫ΪȤ
СϼأƷ񳯿൱˲õĴڡ
̫˲δѯʣСڼصһЩ̫˳ֱҪڽӴ֮ܿ
У񻰲۾ӦýƬУǲ֪δܷлλ۾
̫˴ʱͷ뷨
ܹóκɷ񻰴ڣͷŲСľ⣡
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̫˴⴦ħ쾮ֵʱ
ڶһУһλѪŨҲ쾮зֻ֮࣬ڷĵһʱ䣬Ǳһͳ֣֮ڡ
ͬʱйڲ۾Դ񻰣Ҳ𽥻
Ⲣδںĵ˻Ҳֻ΢Ȥǵ֪κ絮һǿ֮󣬲ڷ޷Ǵǧ֮󣬶ʱ󲿷׷顣
Ȼǿߣδ

磬һȫİԴ硣
鲼ڶֺޱȵĿɽ
ɽϣɹת
ϣǿأȻһѹԴ磬һƬ쳣ܵԴ硣
һŷʣξͳ˷ˣ
ϷǧɽʱɽϣһԴ쳣ĺϱڲ죬һԪȴ͸ն£ֻȴЩΡ
ȻֻصԨ
Ԩ֮ǰϸģ壬ȷû뵽һֻģʽȻ˶ɡ
ǳûˣʵǻá
һľɣһͲεľ
һεԨǱȽףѶȳĴ
Ԫһոµģڹģϡ
һҫɫ༶ģ塣
ɣ
һҪľɷ棬Ѫ淴ɡ
֮⣬һԸ
֤֮
Ⲣ´еľۣͳĳۡ
Ҫ֤֮ӻǧľ
СԸܴ
ô죡
οأҲ̫øԶˣ


563 
źͷҡҷϣɢһľ㡣
Ϻý˲ӣһЩϢ
⴦ɽϣ곤֮⣬߰ͨͱϣֻǰһꡣ
ԨӴԪӿȫ곤һδ͵ˣȻϳԴª۵
ȫںľ֮
ԨҲӦֲ˵״̬
˵ʵΪһֲˡС֣͸µܹĸӦڶϸС飬Լɽӿ
صӽǣԨĿһ¡
΢Ӧ֮ԨǽĿһֻģʽϡ
ǰСԸҲ˵ִ
һ֤ۣһǱӻľһεִǾ淴ɵıԴִɹ֮ɻɵı壡
ԨǲδЩӿֻģ飬ɽ˳޵֮·
Ҫһ滮һеĽ֮·
Ԩ鿴һĸԼľɽһѪͳ֮һľС
ɽУľɿٵ鸮УԨԪһꡰҡһָš
Ԩ翪ٵ֮ؼӿԪ컯ӿ磬һöصӴһ˸ɫ⻪Ʈ䣬Խ㽺ţֺ
˸Ũľ֮⣬ŷ컯һԪŨޱȵɽɽҷ϶
һľɡ
ɸĶҲڱᡣ
ȫɥʧֱԴľбԴռ˾ԵϷ磬ԡ
飬Ԩϣľһο֮ӷɳԴɻ֮ǵľ
鸮ռڣԨЩͷ
ѪľδĽյܾľɣȻҲһ궥Ȼ޷Ტۡ
⹦ģҪҲľɡ
ԨͨݵõĽľɽɵѶȼ
ǳۡ
ľǰоȫķ
鸮ռУԨвݡ
ʱţת˲ʱš
ԶԶȥƬɽϵľɫʲô仯ȻǲԴޱȡ
ľһΪأڽΪľֻ֮ҪΧǺѷֱһľɱ
ֻ·ǰ곤ɵȴǴŻøӼͣ˲٣ӽɽʯɽ·
һƬɽİ׾٣ܹľѹơ
֮ľɽ֮ˮԴ
ֱ仯ɡ
Ψһֱܹܵ仯ģɽлޣһЩСע⵽곤ϸ΢仯һЩСɽ´ᣬǻϲĶϼ䣬¶ĲԴɹ
һȺСִɽ±ϣΪἸɹòֺʱ򣬽ųֵһصĳ໷ߣһߡ
ͨ죬ɽµͱЩֵС󾪶Щʳ
ԴĶǰҹģ̳һֵֻС
ԨԪʱ򣬱Ǵеһαչѹ
ԪɨһԴĳߣڷ߲޲ʲô֮󣬱㲻ᡣ
˱չأһʱɵĴм䣬Ԩȷ˳ҪߵĽ·
һԨ׼һ֮ǰȻͬĵ·

һǲ߻֮·淴֮ǰȫԱڡ
鸮֮ڣ뷨֮Ԩȫ仯Ϊһͨɫת鶯⻪С
ľɵıģ
Ԫ仯Ϊľɵʱɽϳ΢仯ͦΣΪ
ҪԲľ֮ľʣΪľɡ
ľѪͳһں϶н
ɽһΪľ˫Եĳľɡ
һǸ߽
߽ӵһЩǷ
ڶѡ𣬽ˮоȫΪľɡ
ѪͳЩһ㡣
֮ɣҪļ컯
Ԩֻܿһһ
һȫͬľɵĽ֮·
Ԩľ飬ԼݣΪϣ֤ɵĵ·


564 ӥ
峿㣡
ɽϣԨÿյġѹ
ĳĥļ
⼸ͬ࣬ڵصײϴ͸һЩľζĺ档
Щ汾ǴǿԣֻбܣԨ÷ҲС
ԨǾЩЩ棬һĥɵС
ˮУ֪ŵصĶԨЩ̾ɡֲˡ֮ĳЩطһЩ
ص޴
ɽϣҲǲС
ԳһЩСɽ´
ߴߴ
ӵջʵ̫
ףԸЩӵСһȫǳԵ
ÿʱԨܻ񶾵ЩС
ô񶾣ΪϲЩë׵Ķ
ʲôɰġ
ſɰ
⣬£ɫĳҲеɰһ໷ôƯ
һ˫ɫۣԼǶλεĴ
һȥϾһͷСɰ
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Դӳ˼ֻ֮󣬱ǲڸɻʯ㣬ϵɹ˲١
ڻʵˣԣʵӥ
ԨԺиոճֹͷǸоǸϤˡ
ĻУʱɼԶһССӰɽɹԶͱڣһᲱϡ
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ͷɽӥͱϣȴ֣ȻЩܵС
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ԨȻҲע⵽Ŀ⣬ĳ̶ֳȣҲһ֣ЩС֮ϴӽǡ
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ЩСɴĺܡ
𣡣
ʱѾ׼ĻĴɽӥȻƺܾſ˫ӶͱϣȻ𣬻ĻȻʧȺɽС
ϣһЩһСҲܵţȻѹ˷ʯӴܡ
ԨͲһƲͬѰɽǰӹ
úɽϣһë
һͷɫë׶ԳΣһľ㣬νߴ֫ʮַ
ոմɽʱע⵽ɽϵɹ˫ɲǱ̺һƬܸɹżĺô

ͺһ̽ǰ
ڴʱΧȴһһֳ
ɽ̣
գƺεͱŤγһĿ⵭Įɨǰɸߵë
ԨԪɢһӶ
ϵζ
ɽɽɾԳ
һǻۣͨˣΪһ佫Ϊľ֣ͳΪɽ̣ΪΪҵ˼ࡣ
ͷɽϳģԨܲϲ
Ͼһ갮
̫ˣңԨ߰棬ɽ̡
Ҫԣ
ֻɽͫУȴǶȣӰͳͼǰ˦Ȼǿվ
еԣȫ
λһӰȻţֱҪǰγ壬ȡ
գԨԪ΢һ٣ɲ΢
ɽʯȻڣۣͨɲǼ䳯ǴϯǴܾͬ˫ų̹⣬âи֡
ɽ̵
ɽ̳óڻ֮⣬ͨľͨЩֻǺԨͷƴľзֿԡ
ֻ߰ɲǼ䣬糤ìͷɽ̵֫ͷɽ̷һֲҽУȻֹһ߰ԺٿȻֹһС
ͷɽ֮ǰڸо־壬˫ķ򣬵ת˲̹߰תߴɲǱΪһźƤԭء
ǳɵľԪ˱һС
ļһ
Ԩɱͷɽ̵֣֮󣬿ܳΪΪһ鷳
ӣҲʲôСɰܳʣ


565 Ұ
ɽ֮ԨɵʣµƤ˦ɽ
Ԩڣʳɽ̵ľѪɵ׳һ˿һ˿Ѫζ
ԨҲЩʣȻҪȻķʽ¡
ٶЩʣת֮ȫӰ쵽Ĵԡ
ֻתתԨһ仯Ƭɽϵ
ĳһȦȦصĲɫľгī
һЩľɣ״ľƵ̶ȡ
ڻ״ľ۳͵ʱԨʱо΢΢һľһɾޱȵľ۶ɡ
ľתʱԨ֪Ѿ˳мľɡ
ɽΪľ֮󣬶һľʱԴ
ľ
Ӧôǿ򣡡
ԨڣӴԪӦһ֪ʹľʱԴ
ľʱԴǿı鸮ǿ鸮ǿȡ
Ҳֱ鸮۵һöǿƷʡ
һѡǿǿй٣ǿɡ
Ϊľ֮⣬ѡһҪǿԼһμǿ
ԨѾ׼ֱӽľʱԴڱ鸮ϡ
鸮ţܹɵ޽һ
󲿷ֵľѪ֮󣬶ѡǿ
ƷغǿԼһν
ͬغǱ
鸮ִָֻǱӳ֣Ϊã崫УֻͬгΪ֮󣬱鸮ĴСŻᷢá
ƷͼӰ
ܹڶʱ֮ڣͻƵƿʧ
羫ǵ;֮Խ׽ɱ仪Ϊ֮С
֮⣬Ϲ֮·ԱУɱϹޣϹ֮ʱлΣȡͬԵǿ
Ϲʿ֮·ͲҪƳӤ飬ֻҪϴתտֱϹޣΪʥ
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ʱ䣬ԨԻһɽΪֻԼһɽܱߵҰ޿Ϲ֮ҲԨдһ˽˽
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ͬʱԨĿĦ֮⣬Ħ棬ʱŵޣָˡ
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571 ʥʦ
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572 ɫϼ
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573 Ѫ
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578 磬Ѫ
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580 ֮
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581 첻
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582 һｵһ
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Уڶ𶯵һĻԶԶĦµķ
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583 ̫
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584 Ľ
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587 Ǭ
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588 Ѫ
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590 ľ
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600 
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ţ֤ޣִʱⳤӵԴͷνΨһؼ켣˵ض磬ʼ
ԨԺͷʶ̤˴޵ľ磬ɹ˴ӡ
ɲǼ䣬˼άԺΧķâ˼άŶѾȫ
ӴİѾָֻеȫɢһԲ಻
һ߻
ΰ
޵ľ磬ƺѾˣ


605 ޵ʹ޽
ԣӦҪ뿪籾ԴϿɣ֮ܳΪ޵棬Ȼֻ֮ܳΪ޽ɣ
˼Ƭ̣Ԩҡҡͷ΢ЩЦݣĵ׷ǻ
֤ʹ޵֮Ԩŷ΢
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λȻǿޱȣһӴǿأǲ׺һڡ
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ô
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磬ʱףǷžΪڵӽķӣ칬෽ǿּۣۻ۵Ĺ㶼ݱ仯
ۣųأʱһ
һֱչ۷ףڵ֮սδܾѵĴڣȻӱ֮رǻ籾Դбľѡ
ǵٴ޵󰡣
ؼλ޵浮𣿡
Уڶע˵Ĺݾұ仯һһе޲ʾţλʳɹٴ޵ľ硣
һ棬ǿϲɺ֮ʱǡ
ʱؼ䣬ڶĹףݸޱȵһĻ
߲Ѿףһ˫ƳһװĽתƬҡҡͷ޵棿ֻǴ޽ɣλѻȥ
΢Щ졣
һհ׵ԴжѵãֻԼ֪
µ꣬ҲһֱûлᣬܹһԴ磬һȫǻԵɺϣԨӦϲųûλ棬ռⷽԴ硣
ΪˣҲ޴
ǰλ۵澹Ȼ⴦Դ硣
ѡʵޱȡ
Ȼ⴦Դ磬ҪԶʳʮֻӭԨܹ硣
ͺͶԷἰ
Ӧиõѡ񣡡
ͷ仯ʵΪźλܹҲо޴ô
һҪɳ϶һˡ
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ˣնҪȥĵʥǿյˡ
ʥĻĵķ֮硣
ʱյУ޹Բ죬ѹo飬ʿoǿ߳ݡ
۵ٴ޵澳ʥ޽
һoڶ۷඼Ǹ׳Ƴ
ͬʱڶʼж׼ǰɽ칬ء
ݵµס
ɽ칬ҲæķͣѵõļУʼתŬš
ֻԨ칬δãȻڴ˵ãһϵв֮󣬱Ǿֱȥ


606 ػ
磬Ԩ뿪ԼԼرԴ־ЩֻԶԶȲô޵ıȥӰ졣
oԲ
ȴʱӦЩ仯
һֱԴ¹
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ɲǼ䣬ǰǧֺΰ׹䣬ͷһӰƿո֣Ȼڵ϶Ϊһһɺ춯صĻֺն
ô˻ᣬıȻ硣
ԴޱȣҪȫԴȻҪõ
һܹƿԴ
һԴֺ룬ǿԪǿҲ޷Ҫķˮĥһ͸
Ҫ֮ǲСģǿɾͲǿЦ
ϾԴҲһԣڹؼʱǿݻ
һǻԪǿӦԡ
˼ʮСġ

ɽԨ뿪֮Ԥףڶ칬ְĹЩӦδ⡣
֤ʹ޵棬칬޴
ԭ鸡ˣ֤ʹ޵ʱ򳹵ȹ
˳칬
޴칬γɵʱΪΪİţڶǿħΪҲලʱȹ̡

Ԩȥķزλ档
⴦ոոյԴ硣
͸ǣԼںϵİ󴫳УԴ޵磬֮ǰǧ磬⡣
뿪֮Ԩʼһô޵硣
޵ʮֺֻ룬ԨȻóʱӴ׾۳һʱ֮ţ͸ʱ֮γɵʱͨٽ١
꣬ʮꡣ
ԨָݣǰϤ𽥳ǰ
һźĻֺ
ȻǴ޵ɾȻֺҲоһֲ׺һ֮С
磡
ԶԶģ͸羧ϵǰ⴦ֺ룬ɢ޾â磬ԨΪ
ѡٵλĵط
ۼֺ뱾ԴҪ΢ѷɫ
ʤ֮ᡣ
֮Բ磬Ϊ֮ǰȱȫ磬ѾƣʺΪ԰ĵط
磬Ԩϲһ硣
֮Ҳܷ
Ԩ˸ɫ
תһȦһȦĴԽµȥ
߽֮ʱųһȦȦγ׹ԡ
ԴĿ֮
ܿǿߵĽ롣
֮ʮǿᡣ
ǿԨʱҲоһɾ޴ѹնѹͷǿд룬в֮ա
ԨҲδ⣬֪Դ磬ؼıԴԱ֮
ǧԴΪǿ
ǧԴѿɿܴǿߵ֣ܹҷ
Դ֪
ڣǿҲҪΣ
̤ʱ̥ĤʱԨ鲻䣬ֻһԪڤ׵ȨʼȨɲǼǷתʱȻÿһ·һ̤С

磬Ԩİȥ֮ƽȹɡ
ڡȥ֮ǰĴڶʼ棬ڶʼµĲ壬ɳȫƽϢؼƵ
ִ¾Щ壬˳֮ĵ֮
Ȼδڡ
δءڶ಻壬ǱֿƣλĿ⣬
һ棬ڤֻŴһϵ⣬Ȼ೬עĽ㡣
ֻصֻأҪıĵط̫ࡣ
ƩڤһԪսǿֻ߽أؼ̾һЩʿһϵз
¹ڶҪЭ
ֻһжڤ綫۾£ﱻľ
ڤ磬ڤײʱ򣬶۾վ˽Ÿڶ೬ǿУڤϵס
ڶ׸У۾ۣʱҲڰڤ籾ԴͼһҪߵĵ;ԴЩҪ˿ƴ޵硣
۾ϲķ֣ȷá
۾ϣ۾޾ԻΪһΰڤӰڤۣһĴʥ̥γɡ
ʥ̥γɣȻζһܹɴ޵ֻҪȥһϣ˳Բ˵
۾ֽȺ⣬ܻһ֤ʹ޵ǿߣ


607 بδ
ת˲עٴʥ̥֮ϡ
Ĵ֮ȫڤڤƶתȪȵȡ
ֻҪڤڶȨȴڤĴ׹ᴩ磬ϣ̤޵硣
ܿˣ
۾ڤ
ڤÿʱÿ̶š
ѾɣΪֻصһ֣Ϊؼĸ
Ҫվ
ת˲۾Ŀ⿴һڤЩء
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ǰȥλֻͨأҵȥ硣
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ÿһλŻʵȥԣһڶϹŻʵ죬Щš
Щһһûдֹ
۾Щա
ЩŻʵȫ뿪硣
֮ǰѾвͬ
ؼ©ϣѾԳ֤ʹ֮ϵľ磬ȥȫǶһ١
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Щǿ۲ڤţְ
ڤˣڶǿȨЩoβ۲Ϊ
۾²ţһλǰΪĳλǿŻмˣıȡڤ巽۾ʮ޵λá
ڤλף巽ۣʮޡ
巽ԭ࣬ھ۾Լһֹȥ֮󣬳巽ȱ𣬻ҪλʮеļλãȪڤҫǹʮǹҲ˳
ЩҪλã漰㣬¹֮£Ȼȡ
۾ЦЦЩӦӦ֣ҪԸټ
Ȼ䣬ȴֻȻš
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۾ȻԵϻվ𺳣ľ֮£ŵ缸֨졣
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ڤܵǹɳĻֺΰ𵴣ǲ񺿣ؼͬ
ڶ׸ǰһλʢװǿҲ𺳡
Ȼ̧ͷؼԻ
ֺ֮룬䣬ѹ޾ʱ
ǹͬһžʯ׹䣬ؼű仯
ȫԽ˴۾磬بŲ͸նܵԪͬһ㡣
λʼ泹ͻˣӦþǵ۵֮ϵľ磡
˫бŨ⣬𶯵ͬʱȻ𺧣
۵֮ϵľ磬ǿ߱׷ķ
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بδеĴ¼
ѡǶ۾ǸʣԼĲ֮һ²⡣
˵ؼ䣬˭пܴɾͣ˶棬ֻλʼ档
Ǵ޵棬ʹ޽ɲʲô࣡
磬ԴԨʱѾ˴е
ڴ˽֤ʹ޵֮λôѡ
һ͡
ֻǽһƴӡԴɣ
Ԩǲ˳Ϊһλ޵ĺô
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608 
ȣĺôͨƿߵĵ·ϣһλĴ޵ڶʱ֮ڣΨһĺѡߡ
λʱԽյԽ
Ԩ˫˸һ˿Ц⡣
Ҳ֪һЩţ֪ƿƿСǧ缶ƿߣݶ
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δ֤ޣʸ֤ʹ޵Ĺƽƽ
ƿݸΪ
ִڣؼҲΪϡ
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ʰԾͨƿߵһݾ
ʰʵվ磬ǳΪһƿߡ
Ϊڳƿ
˴λȥ֮󣬿ǰȥʹݷһʡ
Ԩͷ˸һֱͷ
γΪһƿߣʹĴи걸һЩ
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磬һֵ۵ŻУʼݲʲôܡ
ٶǿ߶֪ʼǳǰϵ塣

ҲһĪĿȵС
λۣȻڶʱ֮¥ڵ۵۵ĻϣȻ򣬽һϵҪʷ顣
Ϊλ۳壬ǡ棬Ҳǰҫ
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û뵽ɾͣɾȻֺΰ
峤ĺ£Ȼ֤ʹ޵棡߱ؽΪסһָĵ壡
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ԱһϤףЦ
峤ȷϲ£֤ϾҪɳǣǿߣػǰݣҪһ׼
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ͷҪڣΪһ䣬ֻɲǼڤڤһΰ£ӦڣѪȻ仯ӿǿаԲУüҪΰ
ͻˣ
ֱ֪仯һ죬ת˲ƳȴһλλǿҲѪ仯һЩģѾ಻סڱ仯ӿ
ҰŹֵķֱ֣仯Ѫϵ׽ϣ֧ȻЩ仯ֱ仯ϸ΢
Ӧйأ
ԺͷʱѾ˲дĿˣаһֹýӴ׼æȸ𰲵ǰȥչأű仯Դͷ
²Ĳûд
Ԩ̤޵棬ΰᴩ޾ԪڶŹѪڣѪ仯
ֻһ黯ı壬Ҳ󱻡
Ȼֱ仯ҪԨѡΪڣ
ͬʱǧ磬λ磬һα仯֮Ӷ


609 
ԨʱĴѪء
ıѡԯоתں˲ٻľԪԣɰٴԯĻϣ΢죬ȵԡ
Դ˿س塣
ܵӰ죬Ѫ䣬δȫֻǽһй컯һ
ϣԨѭڤڤ֮һ仯Զ쵽棬ϵı仯
Ͱ϶̺Ŷ塣
ʱѪһѪ䣬ʱԪѨ䣬Ǽ˰̺һǿ
Ԩܹ֪棬ǹΰֺӰ죬λݻĻֺ뷨ࡣ
Ů壿
ƼƼ࣬Ԩһ֮΢Ź֡
ЩȻ
ͻɰڵĲǷŮйء
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ϹŴŮ
ĳλʼܵõŮﲹ֮Ĳʯ֮ǰõλϹŮĴࡣ
Ⲣ⡣
Ԩ֪ؼŮȻϡ٣ûС
Ůٳգǿؼ䶼¹˵˶õŮµı޳Ů塣
ڣͰΨ˴ڡ
λ밲ĹϵΪܡ
ԨʱЩЦݡ
óô˻棬綼ͻƣȸ𰲵ֻҪУܿϣ̤׼ۡ
֮ˣΪ׼۾۷ǿߣԭò˶þ֤͵۵˻ؼŮؽ¥ò˶ðоͻµĴǿߡ
ԨѭѪ֮䣬ͬʱ
߽磬򺣺лϼѪҲЩ仯
лߣлѪܵѪ̼Ҳڽһգ֮˵лˣ磬Ѿܿˡ
λϻ塣
ֻǴ˵ؾλȻ̫ңԶȻ仯ҲԱϡ
ʱ򷵻λˣ
ԨУֻǰİɳڣԨʱסӡ
ķǿ߾أҪ㲼֮ȻҪǰмЩĹǿߣȹġ
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һԴ̫ڻ񣬷ǴǿֱҪͨƿ֮·ԨȻһͷˮ
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Ԩ֪ģΨһͨƿߵһ·
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ԨʱҲ֪ڤĶ۾޵ҲرңԶл̤һ
ȥռ죬˵þͻᱻռ졣
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Ԩٰɳǣʱڰɳǽ٣ڰɳǽӼڶĹŻʣ񳯺ء
ͬʱΪʾһִֻǳֹչʾܣ
ڴްǰʹ̷֮
еķʸ

ڤ磬׸
۾ʱھ޴۾ϣþԡ
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ĵ׵ʱȫ̮
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λʼٶ̫죬ǿߣʵѹ
İ֮ڣʱһٹoͷ鰵̾Ϣ
ʱ䣬׸ʵ̫ڸߵ֡
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۾̧ͷĿʱڰֵÿң׼ɣڤףǵ˾ĪҪСҵڤ磡
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ԣʱȻӦĵԼҲ˿
۾Ǹȥ⣬Ŀƽֻĵ׶ٻЩź
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ڱһ˵źǿ϶Ǽٵġ
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۾ܿλá

޵潵٣ض
بδеʢ⣬ΣҲڵȴλ޵ĺ
Ԩڰɳȴͣ㷵λ档

λ棬
񾩣Ԩ͸ģع֮ʱʱо޴


610 Ʒ
ɲٲһ㣬ӯΧԼܱء
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Χ仯˳֮ϣۿɼαǣ
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ÿһȦһɽʱʵһ֡
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ڣһеĶֻȻһҽһķתɲϣƵԻΪһβͷɵoֻ֮Ż֮
ֻǻ֮ͬƬÿһ۶ӳɽΰ
Ǿұǣԭʦĵ֮󣬷ת˲ǳĳޣͷӿ
ֻƷ֮ʧͷޱУȻɢ
ǣ淴壬ֱ̤񾳽ˣ
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һ񾩳ףٵ۾֤̫ҡ
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󲿷ֳ͢ԴĻڴ

Ԩһڽڣһλ۾ʱЦݵ̧ͷÿԨγ֣Ԩһӣʱ
ⲻת½ɳԼ񳯴˵
ӳ֣ͷĵƣΪֺ嫣ת·γɾ춯صΰת
һǧΪڻ㣬ԳһĴΰ
Բ֮ԨʼΪ
ԭ뻯ڵһֵ۾λϤΪ޵ɣΪǿԲϾĴ޵
ɢ㣬Ĵԡ
ɻΪһɫУĵ鱦
ԪתԨвٳѾŻʹԨЦЦӵ£Ԩǰд󳯻ᣬοڳ֮ġ
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󳯻֮ϣԨʾһзţȷȫŵ٣ԨΪ磬Լ׼
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λھڶԶŴս֮ڶĵ̴󲿷ѾұһЩɣ߹Ӱӡ
Щͷ̧ͷЩȥ罫Ŀ֮⣬λķ
չںġ
磬λշڶλùѡڴȺԣҲǾ޴ĻԵ
綫۾ڤ㡣
һ˳ΪڤףɳΪһʵoȻλûˣλãԨִ磬ࡣ
ԴǾ֮λгѡ
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612 ĸ
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613 ָ
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615 
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ݱ仯֮࣬ͷЩ뷨
ͷܵͬʱӵڴв嵭ˡ
³˽Żᣬһ񳯵ƣסĸĳһǲoǰݡ

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ڻҵĹӵڶصӵչһݣԼλΧƬСǧĴڡ
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ݿޱȣͷˮɫڣҲȫɢˮ˵
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㽫ӵڵıһ顣
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ѰʱʵУһѵ÷ӵڵĶ츣أᣬֶͨΡ
ϵֵֻλѾoǰּ⣬ӵڲӵڣ֮ŭ
ǲò跨ӭʦܿǰһʵҲ÷ҵͳӦԣ
ԣһԣ΢üͷ
ͥ뷷񳯣ȷҲв֮գȴϵֵλ񳯵۾΢ǾʦӦ֪ʦһֱԸ
ʦ棬һ䣬۵һ˿Ȼ
ҲãҲʶһǴε۾кα΢֮λ
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ͨ콨ľϣָѹסԨǲᡣ
Ծλǿߣɱʼλ֮࣬˵
ڶӵڵӦԣȻЩѪ
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617 
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鷳һ΢۵Դͷʹ΢ǿߣȻ׷Źļ̳ߣԨûǰȥȡ΢۵ĴУȷ΢λļ̳ߡ
΢۵λգ΢λõǿo࣬ȻҲԨλ΢Ǿ
Ԩָ㣬Ԫӳʱգӵڱĵͳ֮ʱ֪һЩɬ֮ƾΰһʱҲԿʵ
ԨжҲ⡣
ֿܣһӵϱˣѹ˵
ӵڱǿڲ֣̽λ񳯵۾
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˵ȡ˳ӵڵ棬Ҳ֮ǲǿǰѹˣ񳯡
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ڱȻɡ
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Ԩ֮ǰͼʹӡ
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۵ĵ̲ͬô޵Ĵ޽ɣҲи֮֡
ȳƿԴɴ£
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Ǵ޾׶ΣԨøΪ׼Ĵݣ½۷塣
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޵𾳽磬ڴ޽ɵУǿߡ
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ͬ
ܳɹִһԴ磬޵ɱԲúܿ졣
ʱ֮ڣ֤ʹʥ̤Ԫ
һԴĵطڡ
ʱԨĿǰʹӰڱ෽ĿǰֻҪгɳɣֻҪ֤ͻԪһ⣬ȫƽ
ͨϣԨһңʱ֮ѾƲɣת硣

磬ѾΡ
Ԩ٣ֱڰɳһް
Ϊʾָ̻ɳ׳Ҳ֮
ݽ̻֮Žϸ绯꣬磡
һգ硣
ǿƼ
ɳΪӭЩǰǿߣΪ˲òһЩա
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˻ס
ֻްЩ˱仯δ⡣
Ԩһϸް׶νÿʮһνڶ磬ʿoɡ
ͼٻţԸָ֤ʽ
Ȼ֤ʽҲǳ̸첻֮
첻ӡ
ҲϹͥɱȨȨԲԴԴͻƴޡ
һִԨǳֹ
һνЩбϵҪѭ򽥽
Ҳ
Ҫƿ籾ԴҪĿġ
һνٰʮֳɹԨ꣬гɵʣԼҷӡĹŻʣ۸ӦԵ׷׳ǰ
Щ۵ǿ߱޵ǲԶˣ£ԿʼŴԳ֡
Ҳڤ磬Ŭţ£ڤȨĶ档
ԨֱԶΪݻһͥ
λλʵߣʶԨͥȤ
һʶŶ棬Ӹԡ
һǿ첻⣬һλŻʳɹתһֵУΪ첻⣬˻˸ƳԪ
ڵһνдջ񣬶ΪʼٸߣԨջҪĴ
һνĹŻʣ׼ۣΪ֮ߣˣڻһ¯ֱԴ
˽ĽӴԴƿ֮·޴
ͬʱ֮ŵһνҲ𽥳Ϊ


618 ϵ
֮ĳ̶ֳȣҲԨıȡġ
Ⲣֻһš
ӵʵȨ
һЩͨoһΪ
棬ȻԴԴ
ҲƿΪĵһȨ
ڵһνԨܹо͸桯ԴŦԪ͸С
ֻǳ㣬־磬Ѿʡ
̶ֻ֮䣬ʹĳɾ͡
ȻʰԵҲ޷ӵá
ԴʰתԨӰγһֺ룬ޱ߹ɫģ档
һ㼫־ⷽ棬ޱ߰ΪƤңȨ⡣
ɫĹâȼգص
Ԩ޷Դжأǰ״̬⣬ѾʼƿԴ
ĺôԡ
ԪƷٱ仯ڰ׽֯תϹĴƣڴԴ֮󣬶ʱԴͬƵתС
һƴԴ䣬γһ޴Ӱ
ǴıԴ
ƬֺڲʰԽڣƽߣ޴󣬵ԨŬƶǵĽڡ
ȫڵʱ򣬾Ϊƿߵʱ
Ҳɽ˵ٻԪ
ת˲Ԩըѣͷ䣬ݺݺֻ޷˼Ĵֺ
ĴʱѲԪʼ֮ΪԪʼӺһ㡣
ںϴ޵ΰ仯Ԫʼɱ֮Խǿᣬֲ
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ν֮Ӧ㹻۵Ӱһƣɹ˴Լǵͬǰƿ롣
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Уڶoʿ£治벻ʣջ𣬳ޡ
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УλҲ¶ɻ֮ɫ»ףδǴչˡ
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λҲ׷׳棬Ȱ
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£̫ӱǾֱȥ
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һo״ȴңֻǸո̤ڣʱϵĴƽƬת˲飬Ԫʧڶoʿһٲơ
ڣԨֱ仯
һνʵͷЩߵĶĿ֮
Ŷν֮ɢԽԽǿǰȻҲ֡
׷׽֮ڣһ죬θڵ̨ϣʼ˵ڶν


619 ֲ
ص۴ӡֿ˺ͨĿʣԼչʾһִ
У֣Ž̨ϵĴ޵һ޷ĴΰԽ翣Լ֮䣬ӰݻףһΪʾʼ档
ԴԴϴתͷԴ˿˿ƴ䣬ǻֺӰ𽥱ƬƬɽӴи֣ʰԽڡ
ЧԶŵ潲ȷǶԴ޵ش󣡡
֮ϣ˵һŵ߸λϣ˵һλϣƾǿĻۣ֮࣬۲Զϵı仯
ĦϢԽѵóһۣλʵн棡
ⲻöԶ񻰴˵
ͥһǿУһЩš
ڹ³ӵʦҲƵ飬Դ˽̻Ѱ߹
ȻλֻҲ֪һִ
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ԭλʼ棬ԼһǿŻʣԨ跨ˡ
һڶϡ
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ڵڶν֮ڶԴջԸ߾ĵһλǿߡ
뿪֮Ԩֱӽ˱չ״̬
Ҫ跨ʱ۵Ĵˡ
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Ԩ칬֮£ֻ΢ǣǽȥ
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ʱеġ
ʮʱת˲ǹνԼԨٴֻһγ֣ǹ翵ΰԽŨ
ĳƺţһ˫صţؼһoְoһĵ·
ˣԴҲ
̻Դλ
Դʱ˳̤ʰԵĵؾ磬쾳硣
־ޱߣӰ𵴣񶼲Խͷ޷ֱϵԡ
νǰʵûʲô𣬳£Ԩֻ΢һִ޵֮ľ磬񣬴˺νɣյŻȫǲ


620 ࣺԪʼ
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εϲӵ
մ𵴡
ڶո뿪õĵ۵񣬾㶼ܸо磬΢𶯡
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ڶǿֻͷԲ²⣬еĵͻƣ
۵Żʻֻ²⣬ͷȴȷ֤һЩš
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ԭҲӦӵĻԵ
ԣ
˦ͷ۲ʣܹһ֤ʹ޵Ҳδܹƿ
ṳ̂򣬶Ҳ뵽ƿѶȼߣûӦط޷漰
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һСģܻĪ⡣

ڣԨʰתݻڼںϳɳ
תΰڿٷԻһֺݴ½
ԨشƿѾһ
ڵת״磬ԼԼŶͬ·ʰԵĺڡ
ڲ󣬺嫵ľ
شΧŵΪϡ
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ǿߣҲӣռ硣
ʵǵõһԴ磬ڴ޵ԣ̫Ҫˡ
Ԩ̧һĹģ壬ʱģһ籾ԴҲЩ仯µģѾ֣Ǹʮǿɫģ塣
ԨƳһۣδ⣬ѡԴ
Ҫ´߶ģ壬Ҳ̤޵𾳽֮
ɺʹ޵Իͨ΢Щ仯
޽ɴ޵ӵΨһΣԪΰ᳹ȥڣδ
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ԴһЩ
Աǣ벻磬νĻԪʥˡ
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ңԲУȻ֤ͻԪҲҪУ޷뿪
ĻԪǿ߲ǱޣһҪ⣡
ԨԺеʥģʽ
Ȼܹ粻ĥǱһڣۿ罵٣ûԵڲ࣬ȴ޷̽Ǻεź
ȻⲢǿ߶ѡ
Ԫٲͬڣĳɾ޽ɿĻԵܹ֤Ԫһɣ޽ɿҲȡġ
δ֮ǰΪԪʥͦõģʱڽԪʥܻռޣȱݣ
Ȼʥ˵ʥˣζԽģ˵Ԫʥּǿߡ
еһֻԶԣ
ͷ΢仯Ԩڴڣ޵ɱ䵱С
ڷγɣΪһΪǬΪԪʼ
Ԫʼһ㵭Ӱ
Ӱδ͡
ǴŴ񳯵ĵ
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ԴĻħʮֲֿ
Դ칬Դ
磬಻壬ƽ칬ʱԨ٣ԪȻ뵽ԪʼӰɲǼԨѾʼɱ䡣
ԣ޵𾳣ʱѾɾ͡
Ԫʼࡣ
޹Ԫʼ˹ԣΪһ塣


621 ΢
ǿĸоԪʼ˵ӵһԪʼȨڿٵأ
Ԩͷ΢ܹоֺܹΪԪʼ֮ܵǰĴɣʵǿࡣ
üɱ䡣
ļӡɢŵ΢⣬ɱʱԼԼһԿԪӡƣ΢仯ʱɱ䣬Χĵ⣬Ȼըѡ
Щɫ⣬Ϊɫӵл֮ܡ
һܹգΪصС
ԨܹӦȨһ
֮ǰҪӺһЩ
ҲӼС
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ܹ޳Ԫʼ࣬ҪתĴУȻһܹɹ
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ࡣ
Ǵʰݻһǿࡣ
ΪڶУ
Ԩͷ˸ļƻ
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Ԩ˫ͷ޵ȻԪʼɣŶֱ̧ۣһնѲ񷡣
ͬʱԪӳգһƬֺ뾰۵ס
ʱڶoƼһ֮ǰ
һƬֻһƬԴɢ⣬Χȴתһһ㣬һͥ𽥳͡
ʱдŶ
ϣᰲְ֮֮칬ΪΪؽƽά򣬻ҵƽʹҵ緱٣λ䣬ܹ뱾۹ͬɾʹ칬ʢ
վǽ칬̳֮ϣھ칬䡣
ԣʱ칬֮ǰһλλ۵ŻʵĿ⣬Լһλλ׼ۣĴ£׷
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ԭѷɫڵһݶλ۵ŻʵĵУһ֮׷ƽ칬ļӳ£ųܣǶ棬ĹŻҲֱ档
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Ԩ˳ֽҵλͼͶУƬԴΪƬ΢֮Ҳδ۴
ǰһӰ񣬻УԨõޣ
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622 ֲ
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ӹµо㵵ͬʱ۵Щϲ
ҵλͼԲ칬Ⱥ칬ƿƿУԼ
ת˲ǿһĿǰⷽ޴Ļֺ
ǰƬֺʱų˼ԡ
أԵԴԴԴԴͶӰ£һֺˡ
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񻰾ǰ
Ϊֶֿ֮࣬Ҳ
Ǵ޵ܣ
ȻҲһֵ۵ŻҲƷһЩζ
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ͷ²⣬ڶ۵ŻʣҲֻⷽΡ
ǰλɲۣմȾǿo֮Ѫ
ǬٶϣڶԷǰѲ̫໰Ȩ
΢γɣԨٴʩչͨŰȡǳᦲ΢գγǶ󣬽ǳ΢ڡ
浱Ҳӹ΢µӡȺģʼȨĻ֣ԴʮʿУҵλ
Ϊ޵ڱҲڶǿ룬γһ磬½ֺ
칬ڰ£ʼ죬ԨΪƶһγɵĵ棬ʱдԪʼϡ
޴ԪʼʱһĹԣţǽ´Ƭգ׺Х֮
ͬԣ֮йӿƻ˹
һӰΪʵǹʶڣֳһƬϽɫڣ˾ְתȨ
ʵϣ΢磬һͶӰ
ӡԨɵһ΢ӡ
̺Ŵΰ
칬뷷Ⱥʱ칬Ҳڰɴۡ
ܹԴԴṩֺˣԨҲһתƿǼġ
ʥأνɣһЩεı仯紺һ㴵λ棬ҳΧһֺǧԼСǧɢȥ
֤š
񳯴޵۾λ񣬻첻ͬͳˣ۴޵ִӵ¶ķţڶϴڡ
Ҳ𽥳Դڡ
һֵ۵Ż칬칬񳯣л۾λһеĻڲ֪滻
һǿ۵Żڶʱ֮ڣԪ첻⣬֮գóɲ֮
δ֤ޣΨһҲ֮ʣ޾׼񺿿޲ֹ
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յУԨ˳һһ˻γһɾˣԴ۲ǰڽʵǡ
ԨиӦһֲСΣ֮С
֮˳ڶҵۣһĪ־๲γһЩա
вٿֲڤڤУ
֪ĵ١
Ҫƿ·ĳ̶ֳȿܻɵԷײɡ
ֶʮͣˮܡ
Ȼһ̶ȵķɡ
Ԩƽַɣ׼
֤޵Ҫ˳ӵķˣ˵ƿһԴ
ַȵķɣѾʮˡ
ἰ󲿷ִ޵һʱͨǼǱģ˵ܷѹɣȫ˵ļ١
ؼвǿĴ޵棬Ĵۡ
ƿ߲ôõġ
ĻۣҪЩ¶ĽѾǺټεĽֻС岻
ԨĿ˸ƳһǴԴתڱԴڱԴ綾һڤڤһ˥ȥȻ£ĵڡ
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ԨҲͼһƺԪʼһеĥЩǾתһҲûЧ
̫أֱԪ񣬲Ԫ
תʣ֮ĺ㹻
ɽ֮ԨʱҲԼļƻѰһЩ㹻ǿѣϹŮ
ǿoȻܹöɽٵϣ
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֤ƿߣɲֻǰĽĻںͷ
Ӳ
Ԩ̧֣һһθֳģ壬ɲ¶˾ġ
һѵģ岻ǵޣ񣬶һǿo
鱦


623 
鱦
鱦ͥ
ȻѾιۿΡoҲ𶯡
ΪϵĻ֮ͥ
УĴڡ
Է鱦ԨͷȻЩɣ鱦ͥ鱦ʲô
ʵģ֮ԨͷҲһֱǡ
ǵλ鱦ͥ鱦ʲôǣǸʱɾ̫鷳ˡ
ϸ룬ȷпܵġ
֮ǰѵǿģ壬ģ壬ǰģ壬ģ壬һЩǿǣ
ЩǣһЩڽԵɹ
һʧˣԪ;֮ϵϣ
Ժɲ⣬Ԩջѡֻںģʽǰһ޴УһȻûС
Ȼ¶˾ģͲ
Ԩʧ֮һΡȻԭأʱȥһƾնվٴ֮ϣѹա
Ԩµһƴӡ
ʹʱֻأҲûΪһֺֻ֣֮䣬޷ʱӳ
ԨΪȥʱ֮ڣпܷ飬ֵ֮
Щ㶼츳֮ʱԶԶֻͣһԵ̤;
ӡڵ֮΢΢ת˲ǻζɣΪһ𵭵ԪʼȻû˫͸¶ϣͬʵʡ
𵴣Ŀɨ磬޶ľ޴
һɲǻһ̳ž޴ȥͬʱŨʱ֮ھ޴۸֣ΪһŻ

龳
һΰ嫵ĻֺԨں鱦ͥģ֮ⷽڣһλΪڶǽڵȻ΢΢һ٣Ϊһĳ
ǺܶˮľҲٷ괺
ΪһЦ
ԱߣڶӼ״еӲѯʡ
ʦʦ˿
£ֻһ׮С°ˣ
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Ԩںոģ֮ʱڲһֺڡ
һСɵգֻǽȴ֧ŲĻֺ
ӣΧ·ħʯ񾲾ΧΪֺʮ޴
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һ޴ʯ֮ǰһλŻݰ̾
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΢΢鴤۵ҲǺް취ֻǰο
ү˵ıչػҪһʱ䣬ҲżˣǼλӣСأ˲ܽǼλӣС
ԣܺʱ¶ջ֮ɫ
ǼˣԼһС粻֪ȥ˺ηץסǼˣģ
˵ܺⲻЩ̾ЩˣһʡģǸöã
Լĺ룬ݳࡣ
Ա߼״ԺЦ
ܺһ̹Ѫص֮󣬲δС֮½
ϥ¿ֵĺܡ
ܹѾ˫֮
ҿˣȻܺҲ಻סҪ뿪˵ˡ
ܺ𼱻ǵһȺǿȥĿľ޴˫΢΢š
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İƵޱߡ
̺˺Ѳ񷣬û
еʮֺҲ𽥱ȾȾİɫ
̹ΧŨγ˳ӹһİĸɣΪƶ
۵˸ų֮ɫҲֻԼӵܹoɵ׳٣һɹǾħȴħʲô
λԳаΪа֮ǼԼ˵ĳɾͣЬ䡣
ʱ۵ҲЩǣ̲ʮʼԪ壬ǺεȾΰ֮ҵһ¶»ǿߵΧɱ
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Щ쳣ĻԪʥˡ
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Ԫʥע⵽Ȼб¶ķա
ʱһȴһϽɫȻ̹ѪصڣɲǱİɫ⻪ǣɲǽʮڵĽȾһǻĿֲ̹ŵվ


624 ĸ
֮ʼ棡
ƼһĻϲ
ʮʼԪֱǵ۽ݱʬաâףڡڤ⡢ǿmȡ
ҲʮӴں̹ŴѪ֮
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ǻ֮ʼ档
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ֻһƻֺںδ
ỶϲУҲЩɻ
һɫ˽٣Լҷһ֮䣬ǹؿɹȾ֮ʼףڽ
̹ѪصڣһİΰԻһ̲Ŀֲĸа
ħĻߡ
İɫ̫ڰԵˡ
ԤԼֳһ޴İ磬İ̹ѪӳԴڡ
ǴôнȲ˪ǣ
ϣΪЩп֮ɫ
ΪȡʮȨһŮЩŮϴ󲿷ֶӦһʮԪ黯Ȩ
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ʮλŮ츳ǿĳŮͶŮĿǰȻ޵һμԶľ롣
ƿһ޵ҲԽһؿ
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ʱһԨΪԼΪԨʱ˽ӴԷ
ͷת룬ʱһ̹ѪصɳĽԺڡ
һ㶣ת˲ϵѯʽ׼Ȼ뿪ݣڳݵĶһֱзԸoע⣬±ȡ鱨̹Ѫصڡ
ϥƴϣתͷܻƺǧħӰӰپپʮֺӰ߸߸ӲĿΪĸҲоͷѹ޴
Լλϵֱ̫ǿ
ǿ󲢲У˫ȡ
Եĸо
ݹ˫ֽ鱨
ּ䣬ϽȡУת˲Щ仯۵ΪЩȡ
͸磬۲첻ϸڣȴָơ
ɢڲԴĹ
Ԩеĵ̣ȴһЩ˿
Ҳ֪һֱλע˹Ρ
Ȼߣռ˱ˣռһԴ磡
ϴʱЩ仯üЩ졣
״漴ŵҪҪ跨λЩӣ
۵Щɫ۵ɭȻɱ¶
Ȼλȫ޼ɵ֮ɫǵӣ϶ΪѹĶ
׺ȹϵǳȻЩŲһżǹĶ֡
׸ռ飬ڲ֮󣬱˹ӡ
ΪѾ׼˺ܶ֡
׵ĿѾȷҪΪƿߣֻҪΪƿߺѡ
еǰ취Էʹӣ
ܹ淴ȷ˲𣬵Ҳˣ㲻֣ҲܿԹ˲Ͼ
ƽ⡣
ȻϲռԨıˣԼλɵѣ˵ҲԨһݡ
ǿԣѡѻִһԴĽŲΪΪ˽ϣԨܹϣ֮ǰƿһԴ硣
ϺһԴļֵڡ
Ĵڣȴֻ֪ʶΪԨı
鱨Ŀ
Ӧ֪ʣݶ䣿
Ŀ·Ľᡣ
ԱĿǰ̽鵽ľŶ񳯵ݶݶݶʣڹƿ֮У񶦾г
ɢĿǰҲ޾
޷нȡǣ
ԣΪԥùٴۣͷ
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״΢΢֣֪ͨ˪ǣпȥһǵĵܵܣ񳯸ұʱ跨
΢΢һ٣ЦͥȻûϹʱǰţͥȻСӣ֮ͥλȻ൱ֵɼȻ񳯵۾֮·ҵȵһ
һüͷҡҡͷ˵ԹҲ棬ǶֱܹͥϽڶӱҵȶԣ޺
ܻô˵ĵ׻Щҡͷ
ͥƷ񳯵۾ɡ
Ʒ񳯵۾ɲͬһ֤ʹ޵
Ʒ񳯽粨Ԥ⡣
᲻Ϊӵ̣ʹ֧֣ѶҲ޴
Ʒ񳯽̫ˡ
ԹѾ֪Ԩһֵ̣ͥΪبŴڵֻѾ֪񳯵̣ͥһƷ
ͥʹ治ֹƷ񳯵۾һ棡
ڰƷ񳯣Ʒ񳯣ؼȻûȳ񳯴ڡ
ҲϹͥɳΪƷͥǿǰ벽Ʒ


625 
ʥ
һǰδеĻֺء
ߵԶ
޾¶ա
ؼԣoĻԵ
o֮ؼ䴥ֿɼĴԵ
Ҳ೵ʱĩβؼһӦѾ˳ɵ۷ҲңԶ
ţؼĻԪʥ˼ʱʱoעѾoֻʣ˳ԻңΪ
oǿߣһǱ˶ʱʵĲҡ
һգʥ㲻ǳȻ΢΢ؼϻƹ⻪ȻĳȻſ
ǿޱȵ֮⣬ոճoñ罾֮ө
Ƭ̣֮ڱ֮󣬱һƴת
ؼ䣬ĩһ֮׽١
𶯡
ͥߣ֮ϸҽ̻֮֮ζΪ鱦ͥʣ
͸նͷǧ˽浱У˳ֻ֣޶š
ǧ죬ԼԼΰλһɢֺս᱾ԴһתױȵĻʹУ֮ӡ
Ӱ˳ײȻoľګ䣬ǧԻƬͬȻעޱɫȻݻһͥ鱦սɢΡΡ
ʥȻſֻ˫һǲһսᡣ
ֱ仯һؼͨߵĿ⣬ϾǸطֱ仯ôĿΪ
ϻʶǵʥ翪֮ʱʼ桰ϸĵط̫ǣ̫ת֮أҪҪĶࡣ
˵һ仯δ֪Ԥ롣
ϻʶԴ塯ڴˣ飬̺컯֮Ѿ֮ԪƬȾ鱦Դ֮ͥӣӦٵ飬һһʣ
ʱؼȪУһλݴףԥΡoΪüͷ
ţһȦһȦŲ԰ɫĺۼoǧǲ԰ɫۼԻӰһʯǶ̣ݣ仯
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Ϊüͷ۵еɱʴȽ档
ΪеʣĨɱڣһ¹۷ǿߡ
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Ϊʥ֮ʣױԴ
ÿһ˵޶˱仯ԣҲһοӻԪѵû
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Ŀǰô
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ʳȻҪͷʹһȷҲûһ󱲡
ֻһλŶϵĺΪ죬ͬǻɱ¾֯ԺѪɫ֣ΪѪɫ׺
ʱһλ鱦ĩ֮񣬵ǲͷ
أԹһЦƺ뵽ʲô£ξֱ̤գѪɫת۵ɱȻǡ

Ȼһĵطһù
ʱϻʶ֮ͥ鱦ĩ֮֯ıԴԨվΧϻɫӻУЩΡ
һε㲻÷Ҳ㲻ŷʡ
˵㲻÷Ϊo
Ҳͨoʡ
ҲӦ˶һλʣ
λǸѰoܱ⡣
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ǻͥԴ鱦ĩԴʮ˲á
Ψһǣոճ־͡Ρ
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⴦Ϲo֮أǿʩ˼ķӡȫա
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鱦֮ͥģֻһִǾûڻ֮ͥλã
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626 Ǳ
Ȳ˵ѰعģƬѶȣûڻ֮ͥλãѡ
֮ͥ񣬻ͥʼ桰ϸ
ϸڡ
֮Ҫôһ۵ļߣҪôһִߡ
Ԩüͷ
ϸ񣬿ɼѵĶࡣ
ǳɹˣջȻҲǾ޴ޱȡ
鱦ͥλߣʼģλҪ֣߰λĻ֮ͥ
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ֻϧδɳλ÷һռݣݵλǡ
Ԩܵû֮ͥںģ壬ܸϲ¥ƿ֮·ҲؽӵӦ֡
ҵרԨһЩŵĺô
ζҪһԣ
ܸоޣһҲǰҡ
Ԩü޵ϸ֣޹Եס壬ϸ鱦ͥʵ塣
֤˴֮󣬴޵ᴩ磬Ѿ޷ĥ
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鱦֮ͥıԴΪǿĴɡ
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ϾѾǴ޽ɡ
ʥ˵Ǵʡ
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ת˲ԨʰԸ֡
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ر仯ʱ˳֮ϣһشͨߵע⡣
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鱦ͥȻʣߵʣ̤ʾ£
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Ԩĩ֮תֺԵϻʶֱԴ
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֣֮ʣضҲʥĶ֮ͨһ
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ԨںһʱŤת
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ڣԨͰʵʩļƻĿһһ£һĻֺš
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ԨԣȻЩѶȣرѡ
ԴϣȻڶoʩӵķӡѲ
һ£һתͼ֣ԼԻһֺΰС
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ΰΪѾĵУĵ̡
תӰ֣ɣ̲ԴŻϵΰԽ
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ȻǼȻ俴
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Ƭֺؼ䣬ֲӰʱֲӰֱһһŮλػߡ
һġ䡱壡
סڴˣطӡ
ӵλǿػߵʱožԴ֮Ŷ


627 ʢ
ǾԴǿߡ
Դ壬ǾԴ֮ɢ鱦ĩ֮컯һ֧壬ǵ鱦ĩ֮һֱԴԼͥԪ컯˻Ϊһ֧ǿ塣
ǱڶʸһʹǾʱش˴Դ磬ؾԴ֮ţԴ֮ŻֺƵ鱦ĩԴйѡ
ԶɲǻֺԴ֮ϡ
޴ľԴ֮أھԴؼ֮ڣ޾Ĵݺύ
ӡ
ǷֱǵԵʵĵԵӡ
ʵĺ¯ӡ
Լɽʵӡ
ʥ֮֮֯ŵڶԴǿ޷ֱӡ
ӡ⣡
λԴһĳˣᣬһֶصɷת۵ȴҫ
âͬɫʯһ㡣
Ƕ񼶱ǿߡ
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κ嵱Уλߡ
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ܽЩ͵鱦ĩ֮δ֪صС
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ӾԴ֮ɢλԴУ޾ڶα͸¶һУɲεɣƲһ㣬Դ
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ǲֲɢĻһȼʣĻֺ
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ƿڶطӡ֮ӿİΪأ춯ء
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ʱǾԵһλػ໯λػϸŻֺܡ
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֣÷ӡ
λػһӡԴһǿӳطӡλµıú֡
ǰɽӡ׵оɱھԴУ⡣
ǱĳϣŮгһ貶Ŀ룬ҪȴһػֺɲǼѾ
һͼɨλߺȻ䷢֣ȫ޷
ͬʱǾԴǰѽɫһɫת֮Ȼˢߡ
һ֣һŨʧԭӦǱʵľȻƻ󣬷Ըǵʧ
һϻɫ£ޱȻΰӰƾճʧľԴ֮أһƴʱɨԴ磬ѹסƬߵؽ硣
һɾԴ㶼޷
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Դλػߣһܺõͷ
ٵøⷽصǱ
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ֻǵõϢԨЩ̾
ʢ
ʥʮʲʥΪǿһǿߣǾ㶼ʳֺ֮ˡ
ʮʴؼԪʵıѡߡ
ڽЩ꣬ؼһ˵ĻԻ٣ʱؽܵһԪʡ
ؼ䣬һΰĴڣԤԤԡ
Ԥʱؼʮ֮һ
˵ԤԳʥ֤
ʮһλóԤȪҲӦƵ
λؼһϣǿʣԤԣй
Ŀڴˡ
ڶoڵȴȴʥԪʵĳ֡


628 ʮ
ӾԴϢʵԨΪ⣬Ǵһ˿Ȥ֮ɫ
ĴֻԹۣĳ˵ܹԲ롣
ڳ֮ȵλʵԡ
Եʣɽ
λȻʳ𣬵ʥʮ֮ڣܳʾѰڡ
·ӡ֮ʱλֻǸո̤ʾ硣
ôȥбȻ̤ʾ硣
ʾ类ʥڶo֮Ϊɣ۷塣
ʮʾ۷ڡ
ʣؼԵİ
ϣȨ
Ԩּ䣬ԴȫڣƮȻ뿪ϻʶ֪ȥ
Ԩ뿪֮֮ؼֺת
ƬƲ㣬ѹգһŶĿǿӰƶ£Ŀڻ߿յľԴУüͷ
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ǰ鱦ͥҲټ
ⲻɽʴΪ졣
λ鱦ͥʿǱ˾ˣ
֮ԲΪ鱦ͥƿӡȫΪ鱦ͥʸոճ꣬ɽüΪһոճʸսЩɵʡ
ͷһڷٽӽƬ̻Ϊһ̤ޱĻoһһλۣ̻Ϣ۶ɡ
Եʺʾзӡֱʣ顣
ջ񣿡
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ЦУٶȼ죬ϸ翵ţγһľ

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֩ԶԶ֩ֻҪסҲܿϱΧ
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һĻ֮⣬͸Ӧǿʱӻֻ۷ųʵ
ɱεǧ磬ֽһ㣬ֱӱ˺ˡ


629 鱦
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ͥϻ֮󣬴󲿷ֺô̫ʿڴ
˵̣ǻͥԪƬҲһΪ̫ãȫںϣһֻͥϻʵĻͥȨ
Ҫ𣬱ȻҪλ̫ʣ
仯ԨƽģĿɨƬֺΪ仯ǳ
Ƭ򣬿ɲĿġ
ΪѰһԴӦ鱦
ΪʣؼΪĴڣа鱦Ӧ˶
oȨڡ
˵İ鱦Ӧһϻʶﱻ̫ʷ𣬳Ϊʥ֮˲ȱѾ鱦
ԨңңӦİ鱦Ƭڤźĵط
ץʱҵ鱦
ܵð鱦ȫȻڶʱ֮ڣ
Ԩٸ·ڻɨգƬӦ֮طݶȥ
ֻ·ϣƼڶoȻһȥһסһλoѯʡ
ǺˣΪȥ·
oЩ죬˳ȡб
֪Ϊ
Ԩһӣ֣καװչ¶ԴκoҪ
һƼԨת⣬𾴡
۹æֻش𡣡ԭ棬ҵǰ𵺣żڤʱ䱦鱦ҵȾ㶼׼һΪ죡


630 
˵鱦oϣ
鱦Ԩľⶫ൱Դ
Щ
һЩϸ΢֮
鱦󲻹ʥصĴ
ÿһ鱦Ժʥ˺Ͷ˴ܹ࣬oϼȶ֮·
ƩԨУϹİ鱦ɷս졣
ܹӳǧˣʿ
һô鱦ܹ˳һΪãһ߻֮·
»ʯ֪ҪСͬУǰ𵺣
ˣ
Ԩڰ֣ܾoкλһ⣬𵺵ķȥ
İ鱦ȷ
񵺣ڤУһ⻹йﺥƵ
񵺾ڤУֻż꼻һ֣ԵoܹУժһЩϵ
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Щo㶼ǳϼ鱦
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ǾΪԤʵˣʽɣԤʮ־׼
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ΪνϢҲûǡ
ΪʽɡŶصռУиʮ̵ֿÿһνҪһܹ¼ԤΪ֧š
ÿ¼ķΧԽ󣬡ʽɡõķԽ࣬Խ˳졣
Ԩȳ֣ӴԪӳգԨԶϤڶoǰ֤˴޵Ĵ¶ֻƬצĺۼ
鱦е߾֮鱦ֻǿ졣
鱦ʱܳ
Ԩת֮鱦ĶϵΪݣƬ̱ǵó˸ӾȷѶϢ
ʱɲܿݵȡ
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СƬڣԨʰݻˮܣһ̤ڣʱ֮ڳСƬյס
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תǿڶһЩķʽѰڡ
ʡ
ĺطɨϢ紺绯꣬Ƭ̱գȥ΢̽ԨǵóĴ𰸡
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ԨһӣǬݻǬܣɲǽЩĽɫȫֽȥ
۵һ˿Ц
ԣóڿ֮ҲҪʺ϶ֹ֪ľͲҪȥ̽
һţֻǬվұ仯ɲǻΪһϽʧ

ڤһֺڣΧƽ翡
Χ֧ͬܵıӻ
֧һλ̬޳oʱͻȻüͷ֧ͻȻͣɬ
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Ķɲǰ׸ģ
ǾʣҲרΪ𵺼Ĵʡ
𵺼ֵ޴oҪʥ֮Ļ縣У˵滹鱦
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ھܷ֮ʱ׳ʣһǧ׵Ρƿճ֡
һʥޱȵϴЩ֮̾ɫ
۵׻һ˿⣡

Уһ̤УԨǼİ鱦
սսģ


631 ֮
һʯɫʵصľ޴սģǧɫɫڣʯΪһ壬ǱӦԨҲԷ֣һ̺ս᱾Դ鱦
Ҳʥ紫˵еһ鱦
̤սĴ鱦
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ѵҵʥ̤鱦ĩ֮٣ջⷽԴ磿
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ԨȱΨȱǱ޵Ĺ鱦
ôĴǧ磬Դ磬һ
ΣȻҪС
Ԩһǹʯ᾵ɽȥŲ߹ƺ𵴡
սսĵĹ
飡
飡
𵴣Χȫ
ս֮ر֮δԽӿһ̣صĻʯ顣
ԨȴδܵκӰ죬鱦ս᱾Դſӭսս֮ϴ
սףԻ
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£ܹȳǿ̬Ԩ۵ΪЩ⣬еܸشͼսսɢĻܡ
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ͤڣƼǵΡӰ٣ݶʱһ䣬æ񣺡ǻ۱£
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ĵ׻Щ⣬λǻԤΪ̣ǰ⣬λǻԤʻ᲻鷳
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ת˲ͼԤǻһС׸֣С
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ؼԤԷ䣬Ҳ֮飬ؼһ鱦
̧֣΢ԤԷ䣬׹Ϊ֣ʥԻ˾ߣؽɥǣ
£ʱԤԷγһȫԤʱΪβ˳Ͽȥ


632 ֧
ʿһĻɫ䡣
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ϣԨѾ̽С룬ڳ𵺵ĺȥע⵽ڤڤУһ١
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Ԩңң֪ǿֻЩ졣
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ȻλǻԤȨ۷ʶסֻ֮鱦
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һֱ𾲹񽹺ڵ壬ת˲ʧ
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ٿˣѾռ𵺣񵺲гˣ
ԾͷһΪ仯Ҳ˲ˣֻűӣԤǰǻá
ͬʱһ
ڤһϣȪʸֶĿӹ˳֮ϵĺ嫲۵Ϊ仯
ƬҲأʧƬ׺֮ϡ

ϣڲ˺֮ԨΪüͷ
ʥлҪΣգŽﲻ꣬ѾλԶԶĿֲʡ
ˮлҪ
ͷתԨжδͣ£Ƭֺ֮ڡ
𵺵룬Ԩҵһ鱦
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Դ֮ϣѹ졣
份𱮣Ҳ𵺵Ŀƺġ
Ԩٲǰ֮󣬱ֲƬĵ
ʱ֮ڣｫפ֮ء
ԨҲϲʥ˳֮Ļ񵺣õĺãδΪδĵڣ


633 棺鱦

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ȻҪΪΣֶ̫⣬Ӱ档
⻨Ԩһ
תԷˮ֮ѧ£ʰһ
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ȻɵСƬ̺ϣܹʿoϴƳɷҲŷħаá
֮⣬СƬԴء
Դغλ棬Ԩͨ콨ľ֮¿ٳĻأ֮ͬܹԴԴתΪԴ컯
񱩵ĻԪУܹն֮ҩƬԴصĹЧ
֮⣬Ԩ˳ΧһдԴΪ𵺵ķڵ˸طԴѹۡ
ʵԨ벼Ƕ
ֻݲʥ֮Ƕֻܽ¡
ִܹʥǶΪ𵺻Ϊжżô
ԨĿƳǿջأ

úһ֮󣬱Ȼ𵴣޾תд֮ڣдٴλΪ⣬˳У𵺶һ룬ʵ񵺸һ
Ԩڲôʱ̶ȱؿ֮ʱڵԭʼۡ
ֻʱ֮ڣ֮ɭɭˣֻʣ֧ŵϵ㣬дУء
ĳʱԨҲס𱮣˳ĳսڵ㣬Ծһɽ֮ϣӰӹͶӰԻڼڤϡ
ʵϣƯշ籩Уǲ˶תģͬؼǳ
ԨıԾĹ켣ȴ˾Լڶȴo
ڶǿoڼڤеȴȻȲҵҲ
ȥˣ𵺻δ
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Ԩһֻսսģڻսս鱦
鱦սġ
ս̺ޱȵĻܡ
Щ۴αȣУȴȻ
ԨĹ۲죬Щ鱦Ȼżǿıʡ
ǲҲܷӳ춯صܡ
ãطγصӡ
Ʃ磬跨Щԭʼսģ۳ΪһӦش첻⡣
Ԩԭ뷨
鱦
ԨԺ
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Կʥصۡ
ھʧܣԨıԣ첻У֮еȼ鱦һԡ
Ϊһ鱦ӦԼѧ첻⣬Ҫæ
κ鶼нıܡ
ﶼԴΪ
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ʽʱǶˣԱȼ֮󣬱ȻԨ첻зʽУ첻⣬鱦صģԴɼ
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˸ӣ첻Ϊģݻ첻첻ƿ鱦ȫ鱦
˰ʱĹȥԨǲ֪˳ڵĲ֣
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634 ˼
ȸһ֮Ԩʱعζ
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ԲޱȵһγһСɵʯ鱦ģתһ첻⣬첻ٴγطġ
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Ԩˣüͷһ۵Ϊ졣
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Ԩֽͬʱתڱؼһ鱦ľ޴
ϲ֮࣬ҲںöԱһ鱦
鱦һĴڡ
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ԨƳһۣ֪ǷӦýսսļ
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첻ǿ鱦ʥ籾Դϵ
ǿиѣͬʥϸ⣬ûзɡ
еʧȻҪǿĻûдۿԣ
Ԩͷ뷨
ҲֻʱȱݣԺȻҲӦİ취޴ȱݡ
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Ѫ׻һû˵ǶʮƷҵЩˣͶõơ
δĶ֮ǰԴ˳ֽ̬ȡ
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645 ʥ
ʣ۵Щ̰ɫڼӿ촹䣬ΧգȾɫ
ն͸ΪһɫĶߡ
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λʵθޱȣݺʱųһ¹o
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Сӱʣ
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Ѫմλ۷ʵĶšһ԰ɣ
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ʥǳȻλ治һԨǰΪ¶ΪѹܹγһƵǶ
Ԩ׼ʥǳе㻯һЩ߸ӣΪʮڣԴǶת
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УԨ鱦սͥƿء
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УԨ˴޵𾳽ĵУҽ٣𽥴˴ʥ
Ԩо𽥽ӽ̡
ʥʹ޵𾳽ȫһУǲϴȫڵĵΰ֮ϣһöʥΡ
ҲǻԪ޵ĸڡ
ԨԴһֱʮֽ
һأҪֻ֮ʥȹ̣֮ܳ
Ԩ粻ݻԼԼɼ֮ײ
׳
ҲǿʢϢϢء
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Ԩ۵״ʱΪЩԥ̧ƣʶսսģ
¶ɹ֮ʵӦļƻռȻĿġ
ʧת˲Ԩ¶˾ģ


646 ս
Ԩ뷨ܼ򵥣ǾǴսֻء
ͷƶֻ֮ǰԨ롣
ʥ񲻱λλԵȻҲսǰڣЩǿo󲿷λУԹ
λoλشλشƵͬʱԴıط
λǶͥĳ̶ֳȾЩɵĻֺ
ʥзǲ϶ȡؼ컯ԣԴ˴ɶص
һôãʥȻԭ̤δκдԵһ㡣

ԨΪ鱦ͥʣԾλʥԼ׹Ļ
Щһ˼·o
ʵܲ鱦
Ϊ鱦֮ʵڰЩķʷ׳׳ģȫ硣
ֻǵ鱦ս֮
սᣬսӦֻشѭһ֣סĽһ㣬鱦أ֮ͥؿ磡
ԨĶڡ
һӣսսĻΪһûǺһ޴鵱С
ǺĽŻȳסĽŻ
ڻֻһΡ
гһգĽŻΣǿƶĽ٣Դִ
ҲûڻͥoλõĹؼڡ
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跨񲻷Ź֡
ĽٿԲֿ
Ԩס٣
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ԨûмƽλǿϮû塣
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ǰҵɱ
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۵һ˿ŨɱɫԽԽΧƬǿںֲǳһһȫڻΪɫˮΧԽԽǳҲڻǿն
һ޵ĺڰ׳ǺҪǺӡ
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Уֻһ޷ݵĻֺθ֣ǻԽ֯ǺתݻǧɫһǹлӶɲǼǧɫתڹֻñҰףת˲ֲĺɫȫûɫڴһֱ˺ѣ顣
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647 ڤӽ
Ѫ׵ͷʵĵλٴΰθߡ
ԷֻǶһھȻǶܻ˳
²ħģʥ񶼲ʲôˣֱӻΪλֲʵһá
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ԣѪ˫ɫһǴδƹڤӽͷƳһǺӳݣλһѪûǺӵС
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648 
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Ͳϣϯ˳±ԹȨΨе߾֮ȻһҰļУ˷֮
ȻҲʳɾͻԪʥ
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ѪԣҡҡͷЦ֪ߵĿɲǴĻԪǸλҶԣֻǸߣ
˵Ѫһ٣ֵǵҪǸλãǿһ֮
˫кЦݡ
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ԨΪüͷһѪףͷжǰλ۷ʿлмֿŶȡ
Ԩ֮Ѫ۵ɫóһɻѼʹҲͲŵˣߵɱ¾ɱ¾ڱԶԶǸλã
ԣԨͷһҲ˵Ҫһϯʥɱ٣Դɴۣ
Ѫԣˣ
˫ҫŨ⣬ԼĿġ
ʵϣɱٵĸѳɣҲҪôΡ
ֻҪȷɱлɡ
ѪҲҪԴܻȡǰλʵȫ֧֡
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Ѫ׼սȻõĽ
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Ԩޱ飬̧һӣǺһǺ֮ţʶʱһڹ⣬ɲʧС
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649 
Ѫ׷֮󣬴ȷϢ֮λ۷ʿʱһ
ǴѪ׿е֪йǶϢ֮󣬸üλ۷ʴΪ𶯡
ǶǳΪɣħΪ֦Ҷֻһ룬λ۷ʲ
ԵϣҲûʳЦʣһֱ뱩ʲͷĺʡ
ֻϢ𺳹λʶʶסǶϢĴڣʽ˵ʵ
һߣǻԤʣȪʶעǺ֮ϵĶѪ뿪Ǻ֮λִ˹ʱʶǺλǿʿѾͶаԴеһӡ
Դˣϯе۷ʸɱҪɱ֮죡
λ۷ʸǶǺ֮⣬ȴԨĳ֣ʱ׼ֶΣɱλ뿪Ǻӵǿʡ
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ޱȵ飬ûɱġ
ʵϣڤףʸоԨȴС
ʥʮöǣԨԣһּѵ顣
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˴޾磬ڵľ磬⾳ϡ
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ǺӱһһۿɼǺϿգʱһǳŹ⻪һƻΪ⣬ϣǳϲ񷡣

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ϯаԴ˵һײ֮˭֪иӲҵĴսڵȴ˫
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ϯһʱ䣬һţЭαɳһ··ʹǰʥڣ˵ϯᣬԴ۸
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ǲ·ǿߣϯ£ֻⷽаԴ˴ھԵơ
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Уȥǵƺܿᱻƽþս
ʥһΡɽ֮ϣаԴڲλ۷ʻۣȻԴˡ
޴ϣˮЩ
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ΪˣԳϧ𽵹󣬽Ȼֶܸ򾪺ʵˡ
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ҡҡͷºѣλóڿ˵Ĵڣʲô紵ݶǺܿܲ˵۷ʣ۷ޱȣǸոͷ˵Ѫ
ѪɫϣѪԣȻЦ⵹Ǽ򵥣ǲ˵ЩˣҲһλó˴ǿʣ
֮ޱȣƶأ
Ѫϴһ˿Ц⡣
˭
񲻽Ŀ۵ײһ˿档
ʣ


650 
ǺԨǳڣΧǳԻɼҲڴǿԻ
֪Ѫ⣬Ԩʵ֪Ҫɱλʣ
׼ȷ˵λ
ѪݼЦݣֻЦݼȫ¶ȣɭɭ⡣
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Ԩ̧Ŀ⡣
ǲ֪ܷﱾһ˳ӣֹסϯλֶ̽Σ
Ѫһ˫Ԩϡ
֪λͨͨӴ
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飬漰λ۷ʣǲ֪λǷ
û⣡
ԨȴƽһڴӦ
ѪԣΪһȻϣֻһܳɵĴ㡣
㲻ɣطԿһλҲá
ܰȡһĳɹϣ
ʵû뵽ԨܰĿģ
ѪйɣԨЦֱ۷ıǣɲֻӴһֶΣ
֪׼λ۷֣
Ԩݴɫ
ܹǰɱϯλ۷ʣսֶԣܷ츲صı仯
Դ˲ܹŤתƣ˵ܹ춨ʤ֡
λ۷㹻Ӱ쵽֡
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Ԩͷ仯ǱѪȴԨΪȵĴ𰸣˵λ۷ѻЩϵ
Ŷ⵹ˣ֪λ۷ʣȻ뱾Щ
ѪǺŹЦݣ˵Ϊλ۷ʱǳŵѶ
Ǻӹبų棬ž޴
ǺӹγɵʱϣԨ
ڤ
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֪ϯĻ⣬û뵽ϯᣬôȻλ۷Χɱ
ѪִõϢ
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Ԩ֮жż𲻶֮ɫΪ£Ѫ쵼Դѹϯᣬ³֮Ԩɲ޶ٰڤӽŵԡ
⣬ѪʤҲԨڡ
ǿ
Ԩ׼Ѫ׵ĺ£෴һٳɡ
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ɣؽΪڶսĵ
ԨĿǺĽŻתĴԽŨдüҲڳŴʥƽ
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ٶȼ죬ڻ󷨺ɨ񷡣
ѪƻУΪҪһ
Ȼն
նݼ䣬ԨƳһУǹһ˿ЦƱζת˲Ͻ⻪ʧ

ˣ
ʱУε㣬Ͻɫ⻪ֵ˲䣬ʱһޱȵĹ鸡֣ԤԼһλŰ۵ΡoӶƬ̼ʧһ
Уʱλǿ̤նһλ޾ڵУī
һλƹⷨ£ϼ۳ɽơ
λʱϢβһϽɫԣƿճ׷ȥ
λ۷۵׸ƽǵϽɫԣֻͬһ㡣
Ԫ飬֣ȡһԪ飡
ī۵ڤƽҲһī֭䣬ī֭澰
ڤʥִǿ۷ʣīҲһ鱦Իī¼ܹo֮ƽԻ澵ʮֿ¡
˱ܸoԪ顣
ʵͷֳһ񹭣ϰתһ°߲
Ǿ֮ԳԴؼҲм
ʴӼȡһ֧
Ǽʸ֮תΡĿȴ鲼Ź䣬һؾĿֲ
Ѫ״źף̫ɷ棬ʣʷ׷λ۷ĿɨոȴﴳС
ʴʱ⻪ʱoŸոջָֻҪָ۷ʱڣȻҪܳһ¡
Ŀ˸ѪףȻʵѪ¿֪λʣڤִ¼汦
Ѫ鵭ĮȻи֪
ʼ״һЦ۵Ȼһ˿Źֵ֣ô¿֪ʣڤ׺;ʣںط


651 ɫ֣
ʮֹ졣
ںط
۷һ䣬ǻ治֪ڤ׺;ܹʹںط
ʱ䣬ĿѪϡ
ںطʹõʮֻֿ̣λԴܹɹoʹںط
һɣߺܹɵЧԶԶƽһһô򵥡
λ۷ʣʹںط֪ܿ
ǰ֪˻ãа취
δǰ֪λ۷ʶʱЩ΢
ѪȴȻЦȻǸʣ
⡭
ԭ뼥ЦѪ׼˳ȡЦһǳ˱ƶʣʱȴǷ·ɤӱסһ㣬ɴ۾Ѫף۵ôҲ޷š
֮ΪɺףаʵѪ׾Ȼʵڣû˼
λ۷ҲЩԾ
λѪôģ
Ѫƽ˫ǵϽâʵ㲻֪ΪʹŮҲʹдµıطԷȫǵòʧ
ûбҪã

ڤ׺;ʶһۣΪϴɲǼ֪˶Է뷨ԹԽ֯һԻܣԻԣһط֮£ͬת
αǡ
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λ۷Ȼ뷨֮䣬ȫޱ
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ӡΪʵϳֹŹֵӡ֮⣬ھԱԴʮޱȵӡ
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ȻһЦּ䣬޾Ѫ񷡣
׺ͱʣһۡ
ߺʩչһصֶΣγɴƬסƬգʼиŲơ

ʱԵϽɫâУԨȷ޷ڤ׺;λ۷Ϲ
ޱ߲Ļʶ֮ʱԨӰֶ
ӰһoĿֲǿֻеκһ覴ãԪпܶУȾ
ʱ֮ڲֻõٻҪǺǼ۶ؼʸ
õѪ׵ѣԨ֪Ӧԡ
ʵϣûѪ׵ӦԣɱҲκβ

ԨʰطȻתԪģƬԪݵĻ
־ת¼ųܣ޷Ӱ쵽Ԫ飬ΪΧתӰȫû
ʱյʸ֮ʱԨԪʼ̬֣һָָֻ֮両֡
ǧ磡
ֻؼʸƿնâֱ飬Ԩǵһ˿ֲļʸ
һƻ磬ãڻкȻ֡
ƿˢ̮λֺɢǧ飬öֲޱȵļʸҲ֮
Ԩгһϼ͸յȨȡ
۵鱦
ʵϸ˵ɲؼĵһ鱦Ԩ鱦Ԩǽһ
ϾǸ顣
ҲӲ֤ԨСǶûǶӦЩ۷ʣЩ鷳
ʸ֮Ԩ˳תɣѹ¼
ѹвţݻԡ
ɲǼ䣬ƿնֺ巨תڰ׹תͬγμĺ徭γͬԹ¡
ǲڰ׹㣬Ƿޱȵ⡣
ǣ˳ӣɲǽʥ
ִȻҲϯλ۷ʵĿ


652 ѹ
˽ؼ˹켣
ϯУȨȣһ˫̧𣬶ʱ͸˳ӵķ䣬ֱ˳
ϯγɵ˺
˺ƺƵɫ׳̣죡
ʿԵ˺ɨ󲿷صࡣ
ǰ㽫˳Ȼ䡣
˷ġ
˺򣬱
һصñͻҵ˳ӱĸӻǣ
֮⣡
Ȩȵ㻯һ֮Ǭ񷣬ȼϯΪ棬ǿе˳ӣ
ȴƿ˳Уٱ䣬⻪ȦƿֻЩƿ֮Ȼһǿ֮£ٻָ
תۼ䣬Ծڰ⽻֯ɡ
ﻹʥ־УԺ
⻪УԷ룡

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ΪͻȻ˹켣
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е֮飬ǻԤⲻ߷뷨

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ԨݻĺҲѾһϡ
ܣʹеĴ޽ɡ
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λŮ㶼ĸ
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شвص
ʵҲˣΪش󣬶ԺͼΪۡ
λ۷дȴʼ޷˳֮ϵ
ֻȻԨԺӣǻԤȻת˲˲Ծ
鳤ҷѾڤ׷ȥѰɱͻȻ˳ӣôڤ;ڣ


653 ʶƣ
ǻԤʴʱЩʶԼܻд鷳ѡʱʡ
ԣһɨգѭڤ׺;ʵݱԴ
ȻȴҲ䣡
˫ʱһʶеԡ
Ǹ壬Ҫ
ҵڤ;䣡
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˫ȷȴǳ޾ŭ棬ĿɨһԱߵǻԤʣ۵ȻɭȻ
ɱ֮£ֻǻԤἰӦһʧŶԡ
ǻԤĵҲڰԽп࣬Ҳ֪ںδûκἰʡ
ǱȪԣüͷΪһ壬Ƴһ˳۵һ˿ϧ֮ɫпʺúýһ̽̽ĵӡ
˱仯档
ȪʴʱҲ׾ڤλ۷ʧٵԡ
ǰ֮ң˳Ӽĺ
̣
лּ䣬һϹ⸡֡
鱦ΰֶ
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˱ܹλѰ٣Դ
Ϊ֣λ۷ʱеʱһ˿С
ϯ鳤Ȩܡ
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ʰ𶯣ҲͷһηǺӵȻˡ
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ƳǺΰλ۷Ҳʧɫ
ȻҲ󣬱ƫԶ֮صǺӾȻӵֿµ
УԨӰת΢΢״̬׼еڶ
Ǻӣﶼ£
Ǳ¶ҲȫϯΧŹ
ǺǶѾɹ
ҵˣ
ͬʱȪǰһƬѪ측֣ȪѾҵڤףʵ䡣
ȻȪʮֻ࣬ϣҡҷʱϨ
ڤס
Ҳ֪ȨȻգɽϿյһڻӣ̼쳹ʥա
ǺղɽϿջ۵ĻԨҲͣ˶
˹ͷֹѾˡ
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ڶսʼˣ
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ǴƼⲻϴ˷ۡ


654 ɺս
ǵڶսԨԣȴһξ޴ĻԵ
ڵսԼĽŻĽһ̤ʵʥ
Ԩλ⣬ǺŻ
ĵڶս⣬׼롣

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Ѫ졣
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ʮɺһһѹء
ʱɺĵĵھŲѪ죬Ѫ˷
λ۷ȫΧڤ׺;ʡ
ѪײٿɺıԴ޾Ѫ⽻֯Ϊ춯صĿֲ⡣
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λʣף̫ɷ棬ʣʸɱУλʼڤϡ
ԴʸĿɱ⣬Ǻǵʱޣúȳһλ۷ʣȷս
ڤס
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䣬һƬֺѪƾո֣ѪɫѪӰתΪһſѪ顣
Ѫ̺ѪӰȻžѹȶ
ֺѪɫɲǽƿʮһɫӰȫ̲һѪ⽣ٲһȻն䣬һն

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ѪһĻĻȴǲŭЦ
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ɱ
춯صɱ¾Ȼ˷


655 
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޾Ǻ֮ϣԨɺе֮ս
ڤ׵䣬δԨ֮⡣
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ǴǺ֮ϴĿ⣬ԨҲܶ쵽УǼ鱦Ĳ
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鱦̥ܸ֮Ȩ


656 䣬鱦֮
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ⲻһЩõĶ
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ʵϣڼ֤ԪʼԪʼ֮Ԩ֪Ѿܹ̤ʥ硣
ֻҪԪʼɱɹǴʥ硣
ֻȻѾûѶȣҪʱۡ
ƶڶս۵ս᱾ԴȫΪ֮ӦþͿ̤ʥ硣
Ҳ䲻սսս᱾Դԭ
Ԩģջۻȱݡ

ʥ磬ս֮Ӱ죬ȻڳӰʥĸ֡
ս׿飬λ۷ʣԣǸԳܵʧ
ԭԼռϷ˶·磬սȫб
Ҳᴦ
̱Դ˸
ս֮ʹͬʱҲʼˡ
Χɱ֮ʱֻǽǻԤʣʣڤλʣδἰΪδ»й¶
ǵ¾ڤλ۷ĵߡ
ɽڣʽɵĿǻԤϣ


662 ڵѣ
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ڤͬΪԭʼԱ֦ͬȫ˿ӺǶˣ
Աλ۷ʾһԣλ۷ݶÿ
ϯϷתΪƣܵӰľЩߡ
ޱߴ˻ˮλ۷ܲޡ
ԱߣǻԤʵĴ̫ʥҲ鲻ÿǳԵ
鳤ǷھڤԼϣ˲¶٣Ż⣿
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λʱѾ䣬ҵȾˮ
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ʼ״ֻ˳Աһλʿڡ
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ԣǻԤԽѿֻǰһҾ鳤ϯģ鳤ɼ
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ǻԤ۷ʱԴʥ罻ڣǲܹ׷±ģһµܻ;γɾ޴Ӱ졣
λȻԸݣԳƵԱ©ǲš
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ԷѵõζȪʵнһƵС
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Ȫվм䣬ʱԣҲʵĿżϣ⡣

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ȴ͸˳ͶӰһδ֪֮ء
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Ҫôѹԣ÷ͣշħ
ҪôѹԣձԽԽĮΪoعʥء
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˶ף
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663 ͻƣʥ
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ﲻݣأԿڣֱӽìͷ׼ʣ
аգ
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Ѫѵѡ
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شڣһڵΡ֮£ȫŤ
һĴԴѹ޼ɵбŷ
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ʵ۷֮


664 Ԫʼ
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ζλʱǸǿ
漴ͷȻʱͱǿĶ࣬˵ͻʵԲȨ֮
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ǿ󣬿δؿ
˵֮ǰλ۷ʣ
ǺֻǿʼһɸŨĻֺǺϯʥأԼԪǧС
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һ֮ʣ߸ϣͳʥҪչ¶Ļ߱ʡ
Ǻͻʵ
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ڣλ۷ɲۣΡ룬ʵڵУߴϡ
һڽյеǻԤʣҲٳ
ڵȪʣݴżص¡
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Ϊ֮ʡ
ȻҲϸԪһ죬ȴȲϻʡ
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Цʵͻʵ֮󣬱֮ǰӺöԸһЩ

Դ˵ܲѡʥΧƼǺϳֶ֮ʱѪںͺһѹռ飬ӦǺľ޴ףʱЩʧ
ǹǺӣʥ̫ڻֺ꣬λ۷̽鿴ΪԹǣһԱѹƣ˵Ŀֲĸо
ǿֲ˹
ѪҲͰˣǺȴΪЩأɨսȨͻͥȨ֮
ͷԸоһֳѹ

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ǧʱֿԽٶϼģٱ޵ҪĶࡣ
ʥʵڶoҪһʱ
Ϊ߳һȫԲԣҪoеľߣһԲԣҪϵˮĥñ취Բ
λϵ΢ԲһЩһЩ
ƩĴࡣ
ԨԪʼ˷̤ʥ󣬰ɸߴԪʼ˷࣬õһֺӴԪʼһΰڤڤл۶Ԫʼ˷ΰӡ
һ̣ԨоһԪʼ
ԪʼңҷԪʼ
ԨԺüһޱȵɫĸ֣Ԫʼ೹ںΪһ塣
Χ
Ǻӣǿ·ȫΪһ壬ֽڡ
Ԫʼo
ڶԪʼoԣȨͨϻ۶
ΪԪʼʵǿ֮
ҲУΪײУǿһo


665 ˳ɵ
ںϴԪʼ̬Ԫʼˡ
ԨԸо״̬֮ǰ
ԪʼյУʥƳڣ޾ΰǻ鼺С
䣬ƥɽֻǵֶΣ
Ԫʼ磬ԨֱгɹķţֱӲ
ƩϣԨһֱûеĶͷ߼
Ƕͷ߼ҪһľɣľΪýʩչ޳Ԫʼ̬ԨֱԽЩý飬Ԫʼתͷ߼Чֺ
Ԫʼʮ
һɷͨȫԨʱٱ䣬ȻһƬֳƬжһ˸صۣˮۣۡ
ؾͨһ˴ڣΪУһ˿ǡ
Ԩԭ۳ľŴǣԪʼ̬ɢһֶصĿֲԴһǿģԭʼζ
֮ǿᣬԨо޾󲿷鱦ͨ
ʵϣԪʼҲȷӵΪ
ĸо
Ԩ漴ֽϣ⼸δ޳ɵĴͨһһһƿԪʼȨ
ԨԪʼˣƬ֮仯ΪһλԻۣתˡ
תױȵĻԻʥʶԣǺϤΪ壬ֻԴŶԤԼһŻ硣
һŻλ⹲
һԪʼˡ
oo񻰴˵еԪ֮Ԫʼ
ԨݴЦݣԴԴľԪΰԼĵУ۵Ϊһ˿ϲɫ
ʵϣȷһδԪʼo
һڱС
ԪʼӡвѶϢ
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δԪʼ̬ǿΰ𽥳Ԫʼ˻Ǻεǿ
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ʵĵԨѲԶԷС˼Ҳµһ֣û뵽ʻͦȻǺ֮˽ǧꡣ
룬Ԩһ̽Ǻ֮ٴαչء
Ԫʼoк嫣ҪʱǲԪʼ

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ǧɲǷƽ˾
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ؼĿꡣ
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ģŸΪУԸǧǺҲԸȥ
Ǻ֮ڣ̧ͷδʳأֻһλͨ壬ս۵oΪȭ˵ǰҼ˵ˣǰǱǰԸԼǺȴǺ֪֮ǰǷԸ⣡
ԣʴϲͷʱȥˣæͷԸ⣬ȻԸģ
Ǻõúܣ
ԣǴǾףűǰһ½

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ԨһֱϸԪʼ˵𽥶Ԫʼ˵ĵ;һ֪
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֤ʽʵ˳ɵ
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Ȼ֤ķʽ˵ַʽˣʵһЩȨǿǱ޴
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666 
Ǻبɢԡ
Ԩٳ¶ǣԼ֮ǺӵĹȡoĹԣء
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ų漣֮⣬̫֮⣬ؼԴ̫ʥһ
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һo֮Ϊ棬ȻǸԶԶȲo֮ʧȥ¡
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ֻЩ˵ĲᣬԴˡ
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ѪΪһЦԴڲٸ߲Ҳ޷Ϊ

ʵؼ䣬һĵطǾǺӡ
ֻһoʱòۡ
ǧ꣬ǺoԽʮꡣ
һӴĹǳԱڶ̥

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ѪüͼۿԽԽҲŲСѹ
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֮ڣٴشһλ۷ʣֶ򾪺ʡ
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Ѫţ׼ȷʵԽ걸
׻˵ǽ֮Ϊ

ԨһαչصʱԶԶǰεܺ͡
ٴγ֮ʱԪʼתԪʼo״̬˸ε֪
оڱ֮ǧǰոԪʼǿʮֹ
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Ԩû͸С
ʵϣȷǱǿˡ
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أԳ֣Ԩ˻еıʣǰԴ֮ء
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667 أɥ
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Ԩֱ̤Դ̤Դ֮һָ֮ǰ
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֮ǰͷųһʱյ˺ôֽŲŽ֮ĥ
ǰɲһƣһһˮе
Ԩͷ⣺ϹŴʥԴóˮзţ糤ݻʥ磬˴֮Ȼǡһ־ˮɣ
Ԩ۵׶Щ֮̾ɫ̽ˮеһָԨʱһЩա
Ԫʼͼ
һͼƿգ
һԪʼգȻ˺Ѻɫĭͼɨһտ⣬˲佫зɳ
޷ȫɣ嫵ƿȴ⡣
ڻɫͼת̲ա
Ԫʼͼ޽ɡ
ҲԪʼǿ֮Ѱ۷ʣȻԪʥ˵ӡѹ޷֮أ˵ƿƶ
У뿪⴦ˮݣΧ鲼ſֲտ⣬տγһֲӣƺƵ˷
ȵݻܣ˾Ķǡ
ԨԪʼ֮⻤壬ҲоԪʼļ졣
ûв
Ԫʼ֮Ҳļ졣
ҲԪʼδԵʣԪʼ̬״ԲЩտ⡣
ԨĿɨеĺĭת˲һΪӴĭ
Ӵĭտиϱտӳȡ仯Ϊһֲ½ء
ƹɳۣرԴۺأ
֮飡
ԨĿһкڻҵͼɨգĭʱһ⳯֮ĳڣ۷ȥ
տγɵģԵ磬صĹŹҲ޷赲ķݣת˲ǽǺĭЮţ뿪֮
һĻ춯أڶĭڣڿһĿһĻҲĿɿڴ
Ŀһƺڻ⻮Ʋ񷣬˺ǵһտɫա
ʲôʱ֮ɳڣ
ȻһȫһЩ׼Ҳԣܲҡ
һˮ۱ԴʱտӲӿûһֺĭȫ룬Уת˲ԣ仯Ϊɻң
Ȼʧɫٲ
֮ȻǸأֻǴ̫ڿֲ


679 أ֮
Դ
Ż⣬ȻȺ
ݲʱ仯
̤֮أϢ©
Ϣ¶ȥ֪ʥʲôĴ
ֻͥҲ鷳ֹա
ƽɣֻаӿȵżҲһЩǿ󺣵޴ƬйǺܿȥǶ֪Ƭˮײֲ
ﲻʱаһᱻУΪӡ
ʻ֮ľԳ֮֮ȫ֮ΰ˭ȻС
ǿԴʼĸţһܹӳط
ĵ׶꣬ĵ׵ĵǴʱҲŨ
Ը£
ʾ֮⣬ѾһӦ仯׼
ʵ򲻵ѣҲֻλʧٴı仯
ȻͻȻһ䡣
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֮ıԴƺЩң仯ҡ
Ϊ֮еʣʶı仯쳣С
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ͷոձ仯ǰ֮γɵŻȻ͡
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֮ſڴŻͣתۻΪʮɡ
һžʯͶһƬγҵ˷
ԴΧoȻ㶼ԲסĿ
ֻһڻɫӺ׳һתźڻɫԵΡo̤ճ֡
һźڻɫͼ
ͼԣһ½иֳʱ类ͻҳ壬ͼƿԪʼѹơ
ˣ
ֱ仯Ҳ𶯡
֮ĹգΪġ
ʾȻȫƿ֮˳롣
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мֱ޷ȡ
ת˲ĿǺڻɫͼϡ
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ԶԶųһƴػƹ⡣
Ǵػƹ⣬쳣Ϥ
֮ڣͼԪʿŲСȻֽĿüԪʶԿ֮
ĸеˡ
ԪʾȻλ˳
ҿԱķʽǿ˳
պֻһźڻҵͼһټƹڿգ޴ͬһɫգϸȥһ̫һɫ½ֻͨʣͬɳת
ֻǺڻҵͼѹڻⲻи޴½仯ΪȷݱԴ
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ȫɥʧֻһƲԪűڡ
˺
Ԫѿķˣأ˵Ը󹦵£ΪԶűдĴ֮飬ܴԸǻϲ˼㣡
Ƿֺɫ֮ǰŭ𡣡ܾʱ˵Ҫء
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˵˵Ļôܹ˵
ԨǺһЦԪʼͼ֮鱾Դֳֻһغ巽Ρظ֣޴ĵŵγɴ磬ȹ̲ãĥֽ١
ת죬Դѿ
׳֣ԨǿԪʼתԽ
ؽĻʺڣ
ͷٻǺӵĵƿն֡
ʯʣɽ棬ݼӴ
λ޵ڶoз䡣
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ԨһӣʱΪĵĿ޴ݴ½
ԨǰϷ½
ʥڣռˣΪҪ
Ԫʣ㱾Դȫԣ۴صۣ¹һ죡
ֻȻɳؼ巽½أΪһۣʱѹס巽½ĵ䲻ϳ巽ۻۡ
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һ̣oܵر̲סʱֻת˲ͥo٣񣬲Ų·ɡ
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巽½ͥڣݲأ


680 
巽ۣԨԣҲһؿٳԡ
ɾԪʼҪһ֮
شؽĻʿ۵֮
⿪۵֮ڴعԣҲ컯
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ܹһݴ½ۣǲعҲżĺô
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λ޹תطԸֳһֺΰŻԪʼ컯֮ӿʱѡĸɽУγһصɫڵ㡣
ͷĵ֮ƬٿȻûС
֮ʥرԴƬޱȣҲعΪ۲һŵĴػƹ⣬ȴҶ֡
ʵĶ
巽۵ľ巨ӡĻԪ
巽½֮ڣɫڵһգأԳͣʼ巽½ĵڵ㣬ǴɷʼصƽǬ
ǬΪ죬Ϊء
ȹ̣ȻǬ̩顣
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վ̫ǳ޷ѹıܡ
ô˻ᣬԨԪʼڣȫʮֻת˲һȫֱڶ㣬㡣
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ֻǵ˵Ĳܵ谭
һֺİ֮⣬һ첻Ԫʼ⵲ſڡ
лꣿ
ԨɫСֻĲںڻɫһɫâײ

ԨЩЦֻҪһʱ䣬лὫʵ糹ȻҲĲлӡ
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仯ԨԺжʱһǿԺи֡
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ڴʱؼ֡
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ķ΢СһЩֱڵؽĻʵλ޹ϡ
λСȱǣ
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ؽĻʲЩǺܸǣǺö
컯
ֻһֶ޹֪ʱݱüĽ
ʥУֻйصĹ񣬲ܵ컯ࡣ
컯壬УҲ
йרод˵ģ鱦ĻԶԶ
컯ʥԴʼйأޱá

ڱڣعʱЩʯʽ۾ͿĶԶ
ɱɷֻӰ쵽ļƻ
Ŀ¶׹ϷʯʣǷһ۵ļһ
ʯʿгפⱱ۵˼
С
Ԩʱּ佫ͷɫͷȴЩҵѪ
ѪΣǸоԵֽ
кš
תȻӿٵϳͷ˳ĵ뷨ٵۡ
Ԩټͥٴι飬ͥ嶦
ͥ嶦Ϊ̫ƶ֮ɽ֮Ԩ֮ⶴ֮Թ֮߳
Ǽ򻯰ľŶ󣬲ԨԴΪͥħһ
һʵʩĶʮ˳
ԨվŶԭƣƼ˳
ֻǽػö֮Ƭ
֮ӡֻǿ
һжţ嶦ұɹ󣬱巽º죬ʼ˾ҵı仯


681 ʮ磬֮Ԫ
У糤֣㶼д𺳡
ܷ˼

ѪеһϵѪ鱦Ҳоͷӡ
ڤӽȱ鱦á
ѪĶ鱦ʮƷԪɱ鱦
һɺλѪҪԣһЩ
ȱ
Ѫ׿ν
ֻʵѰoӵС
ԨһֱҪðԪɱһ֮ľ磬Ȼ·Ҫߡ
ͷۣĿɨ巽½ϵľѪвԽִΡ
ǳʹһҲ£
ΪеԶħѪĵʮ۳ζʲô
ܹĥɷ
ԪӾصѹɷΪһ棬硣
λȻԪʥˡ
ѪԼָûжԽֻͼȻͬʲôôҲ޴һ顣
֮ͥĵλǳȹˣҴ˷ԪʥĻۣ޷İ
Ѫĵ׷ζ
ֻȺôҲò
УʵҲķɡ
ȫȹɽЭͬʮĹ
һ½֮ϡ
ؽĻʣʯʣɽ棬ʹȫȹ̴硣
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γһ磬
ۿʼȵγɺƺƵ򣬱򣬶ʶ
ÿһ嫴½Խӿȡ
һִoҲô˻ᣬ˳ӦһЩμ½۵Դ飬γһμۣ뵽統˳˷ֵһ
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Ӵ޼ɵʮ硣
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Ԩ΢磬𲻴
ߡ
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ͷԨٴδǶԼͨؼѭ᳹С
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Уֻϸ΢һ
һ쳹ٱ
Դ֮󣬻Ԩ˽֮
ԨеĻԽԽǰ֡
仯һΪʵΪһ޾ߴµ糤ӡ

Ӧʱ糤ӱԴӵѹʱգܡ
﹥֮Ȳ˵δп֮£޴
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ʵϣܹô̵ʱ֮ڣĲ㣬ԨѾˡ
ǧĲ㡣
ʱ֮ڿ㣬ʲô⡣
ȫϲܡ
һ൱һλԪʥˡ
Ҫ֤Ԫƿֲֿܡ
㣬Խܷӵһ˼ľء
ԨĿǰȹ̵ʮ磬λûУ״Ҳ׷׽У˳ƽԴ˻ʮһֱԴ
ѵõĻᡣ
ѪҲչɺѪ۹ҿõ۵ռؼĸɷѪ
Ѫ׵Ķ̼һǿ񣬷׷׽ƿصһ£ʮԴ˻ıӻ
ĳ̶ֳȣҿʮ磬µһˣҲܽ鱦гһܹͻƻķ
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Ȼֻٲѡ񣬴󲿷ֶǺڵһ
ʮԨǿʼαչأһһ߽һ
ʮԨͷ䡣
һգԨ޳γĄ̊́ϣ̧ͷϣڤڤӦһʥ̫鵱еĻֺǿĺۼ
һε
Ʈҡ
ԨĿ⡣
Ԩİ֮
ʥԴʼ桰


682 
Ԩͷתһػֺ֡
ʮߵƣ
ʮֺԨʱ翣޵֪ĸ
ܵʮĹ
Ԩ۵˸Ũʡ
ʥԴΪʥĿߣǿһϵߡ
ܵµԪӡ˵е棬δп֮٣Ȼм档
һĲοֵ
һҪ
跨ȡУ
ͷ΢Ԩ߶ʮУֻʮʱ黯ʵ͸ʮԨӿʮڡ
طȻȻ֡
һ̣Ԩ˸Զʮ磬͸ʮ籾Դӳ֣ʥعҲΡ
ֻԨʱɲǽʮУԪʼһʮ籾Դʮ
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ԨֱȻθߣԪȻǣ籩һʮ
ǺȵմȾһ˿ʥرԴɢ
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֮޷ֵ
֮ǰȫԪ鶼·ͣһƬֺڵУֻ׺һڡ
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׵һʱ佫ϵȪϡ
۵âһţ۵׻аա
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Σ̫ǿ
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ҵΪҪĻǸĻ;Ȼ͵üȴ
ڻ鷳һѡ
ԺͷתҲʮ־ᡣ
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ʥڣֵѪףʱҲ˲Ļֺ
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ֻһʱ޷ơ
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ֻһʰط
ּ䣬ȨΪԪʼ֮Դƺǧش֣ƹâ
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ʮΧâת£γһ޴ͼΡ
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Դʱ壬ԨرԴеĺһΰС
Χ͸¶Ԫʼ֮⣬ƿ
Դ
һʥԴԴ
ڽ֮ͥԨ·ʼʥıԴʥƿ֮·
һԨֻǱųãҲûϵ뷨
̰ģҲ֪ƿߵ·Ӳôߡ
ʥԴ٣Ԩ¶һ˿Цݡ
ɹˣ
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籩һɨ½Ͽʱֻ·ı½Ȼһ𶯡
һƻޱȵĺȻըл
ѣһɽȴӻиֳһѹǧΰš
һĪ״Ŀֲɢ
һԪλƣֳ
ѪأԨ纣
ˮţ
ʥرԴһ̹ȫƬƵԪ飬


683 غز۵ĵ֮
۱ϣʯʾڵ򣬿һƬĺ嫴½Ŀżſڵı仯ҲЩ
ǡ
ܹܵԪ̺İܣԼֺ
̫ھˡ
ɽڵԪڤڤƲΪ޾ʯȴи֪һڴԴ
ԪʵȨһȻѹ
֮Ԫ飡
oҲһʱʥԪҪȥֲΣǿаסֳ嶯
ɫЩࡣ
ɶ񣡡
Ҫһڸצգϱ䣡
ΪѰʥ˶Ѫ֮Ԫȴʱ򱻼ˡ
ǰһԽ׳ء
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ѪˣˣˣͥһλҲ˲١
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Ԩݲ䣬˫ɨǻɽУҲЩЦݡ
ѪɨתɽȣЩȣŴº֮ǰ仯Щʵʵ𣬷ǾɽȷɳŴʩչĪǱѰ˴
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ԣ֮Уеߣ֮Ǿаܹڱжȡ˱һԣ
ԨݺЦֻЦݼ¶һΡϣȻ
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ԨȳȪΧ
ǻȪ۲ڵصףԱΧĻԪΪķӵŷǷã壬䲻Դ޾ŲСá
ԨֻǿһۣδᣬĿڻȪѪɫԪϡ
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Ԩҡҡͷ˫Ŀֻǰ̥ӴڱԵ
̥Ŀһ֮ɾû֮Ԫ鴫У
ʵϣԨҲûκԥ˿⾶ֱ׽סǻδȥ֮ԪƬڡ


684 ħ
ԪƬأ壬ֻ΢Щų⣬ʱԪʼͼɽȥ
תһɻԭʼĵҪ¶Ԩһһָʱ
ﲢǲ֮ĵط
ˣ
ȪУ̥Ѿһ㱾ԣҪɳȪ۵ĸΧֻǸոշ𣬶ʱһֻС
ԨƳһڡ
̥аš
ԨĿɨɽȡ
ɽΪ֮֮أ쳣
»Ȫ۱ڶ޹ͷȥȫᡣ
ڻȪһԣ겻֪
һŨ
һ̺֦Ĺҡ
ʣ֣һȺ࣬Ⱥ൹ǱȽϺϣһͨɫӰ·
һ꣬겢Уʮ
ܹ׹ڲ׵o档
ԨĿתǰһֻһڿգƥ
϶һ˿Цݡ
һȺҪһЩ
һлԪľԪɷһԴԵڻԪУɻԪԼԪڳɷΪϡ
ƵͰʮְԵ
ֻҰڹľУ֣ǧ㴥ֵ
oУᱻɱԴΪɻҡ
ʥеܹһʮĻʵʳ֮ɴǳĻ壬Դٲɷʴ֮գ̳ԵĶˣϻ
֮ķǧ磬ǰµ;
൱ס
Ǻö
Ԩ൱
ּ䣬ڶǧ統С
Щ㶼Ȫ󣬻طԳɻ
ˣϾһֳɵĻȪۣÿԡ
ŲǰУǿ⴦ɽвڶ¶̫ҽ󣬻ޱȵ
һ۱衣
ɲҩࡣ
ǿ֮ŵأ
ԨĿɨΧҲλ۾
Ҳˣʶ㣬ͷһջ
Ԩ룬ڸҩȡһСδϸǻͥУͥڣһŨĴ޹
ȥڴ˵ز´Դ֮ΪͥڱĵйڵҩݣרoֲԼҲмƻĿɣһ
ԣһĿظ֤
ģЩɲ񣬶κ𣡡
Ǽ滨ݣԼЦݼѻһջ
ԱԣҲĿһ
ζҲллȡһЩҪ
̫ɷһ̫񣬸ʥ
̫󲿷ֶҪһ֮ޣԽϡ
ɽڵ̫Ҹ𣬶̫ԣǴѵĸϡ
֮Ԩʮչء
оʥУеΪܹе
ͷ뷨

ĿûɽͥкҲֻʧ뿪ѡͥǿoԽԽࡣ
ʶʱġ
һȻ
򲻹ȻֻѡС
ʱ䣬ٵ֮Ԫ鴫еϢһǿoմ
ǣ
ͥĴҲڴʱ׳ͣԨ˻ٴ۳ɹһ
ͻͥͣ
ڣǳͳλĶˣʵʵڵ֮ʣ֮ڣ
ԣ񲻹ǳС
ǿѪף׵ˣҲֻԶԶ֮ϡ

Уo״̬ͥҲ𺳲ѡ
֮һ弫Ϊ⣬統С
Գ֮츳⣬ڸһܹ֮һضԴ統УԴ籾ԴΣԴ˻öš
廽ħ
ħǿһָռȵԴ֤ͻԪʥ
oŲҲԴ磬һЩħϢ֮
һͳԴλټ
˵˼ǿ޹
ӵ۷޾񣬶˵ѹѹ
ֻѡȥˣ
۵Щ̾
ЩźʵϣԪ鴫УŤתƣײһЩ˶Էһ
ܹĿһλ˿ֲǿ޵ҲǲУϢȥ֮Ҳ档
οܿʵ׷ɱ
Ҳ㲻
ɵҲܿ쿪ʼһ̳Сҡ
ʮ𽥱鲼ʥ磬ʥΪܣλʷֶ֮ǰȥһ֣ܾ߲ˣ


685 ع飬е
ɵ뿪ܿ죬ڻ̳ɺ͸̳ת츳ȨϢ뿪ʥ硣
ħһ츳ȷʮֿ¡
ʥķϵɭȻޱȣȻҲס
ţ
ʮڣڱչز֮ԪӡǵԨУӴѭһƲĻȻ׷һƬһƹ⻪ԭһţΧʱֻ΢ʧȥĺۼ
ԨɨһƬʱգȷʧ󣬲ջ
е˼
Ԩа⡣
ʥ̺ܱлҪࡣ
Ԩûпܹ뿪Դ硣
簲λ۷ǿƵ飬ΪЩ©Ҹ˾޴ۡ
o뿪Ȼѣ˳졣
Ԩ΢̾ǧ治С
֮̾󣬱ġ
Ԩעȫ֮ԪӡУѭʱⳤӣƳһ֮Ӱ
һ޴Ի֣ޱ߻ֺĹâȻӻţ糤ʶ֮Ԫʼ֡
һֺʱճ
Ǿʥ磡
ʥʱճӣޱտ𽥵Գ͡
ڳڼ䣬ֲڶ統ߵĿֲһ׶ޱȣθɵĶ۰ٱ۾ˡ
һЩε֮ࡣ
ЩʱյУʤγһӣſʳʱգܡ
Ԩӡе㡣
ֻЩ㻹ҪײеĶ࣬Ȼʱ綼ܳԵ
ڶڲڰеĿֲo
ڶϮһӵϣǿĿ֮Ҳ𽥵ֵסձǶ۰ٱ۾˺ڻе׶oˡ
Σ
ҲʥһԼһֵûʥ硣
ԨĿһ˿̾
䲻ȻˣȻʥ粻ܣ
ȻзգԪʼ֮񲻺õ
ԨüųԪʼԣоЩ鷳
Ƕ۰ٱ۾оһѹ˵飬һɫʱʳʱյĿֲ
ΪһԪʼ̫֮ˡ
ȴţ֮һִǰԪʼͼתֻһ޵ĹۣΪӰһǱԪʼͼС
ԪʼͼԽһ־ʱգ
תҲڲתΪʥİ̥ǬıԴΰϡ
鱦֮ͥģıԴ档
ڽͥ鱦֮ͥģ峹׽⣬תУһֵ̡
ͥԴ鱦Դ̱Ĳ⣬ԨҲֱ
Ԫʼδбǣֻ͸¶ԪʼԽ͡
һԪʼ
ʵϣе˴޾磬޵Ѿ᳹ħԪڵĵС
ǴΪǿĵط
Ԩ㾳أȻ
ԵԪʼ壬ҫͽ˺Ѵ
Ԫڴ޵֧¸Ӿˡ
Ϊ߼·ߣ֤ʹ޵רȨҲûš
Ͷ㣬ӵ˿ٵصʸ
ֵ֮ΪʥΣ⡣
Ѿӵ˳ԪʥĻۡ
һԿ֮£Ԩͣ뷨
Ҳ뷨
Ѿ㹻ǿõ֮Ȩǵõʥȫ֧֡
϶Ӧʥǳǹҫԡ
̤أ㾭ĵۣԼԪ͸ʮ磬Ȩӳ֣ʥػ
ԨŻԪʥҲδһ
ԨȻڱչУ״̬ʮѵãϣܹ״̬£ʵ
оӦе
һҲûţ
Ǿǽ½֮ϣǴ
ʥһ顣
ͥȶʥ֮oŵõĶƣǿoҲ֣֮oٶ𽥼٣෴ʱԽԽࡣ
ܿΪ
ĳ̶ֳȴδ
ڴ飬ԨԺй뷨оⲢʲôá
ʥֵĵֻ֣ͣΪһ硣
λܹúռйʱӢۣѧûκô


686 ڶλ޽
սĽ٣Ԩƶ
ֱƶսĽٵĽУ𻵵ķԨ档
ΪͥףûκζֻҪά״̬ԴԴϵõʥࡣ
뿪Ҳֻʱġ


΢ͬһɫǺӺبؼ䣬칬ѹأ΢칬ڵǬ񣬴ޣάٳؼа񣬶άͳ
칬֮£ֳһƬ
ǧԽķٲʢ
֮Կͷλ֮Ѿȡ͡
һգ΢Ȼ⻪ǡ
ǹԲ
ؼ両ֳƬ
ʲôˣ
һʱ㽫Ŀ𶯣ԡ
ֻͷֲĺɫͷֲֻæٿ
һЩ֤˵۵ĹŻֻǿһۣҲԪشƱɫᴩԪ飬ĥԪԡ
£ôˣ
칬ڣҲ𶯣ɨһͷƬɫ麧Ȼ칬İ档
ķ򣿡
ϣԪ֮ģ͸ǴƬƣʿ˺ƵԴͷ
ƵԴͷ
Ƭ̱ͷһƺڻɫһ񵶶Ͼɫֲĺɫƹһɨա
Ŷֳһʵΰţҫʮء
ڹԣٸԪ۵Ҳ
ǰΰʵ̫ڻֺ룬ҵ۵֮ϡ
һαչأ
ͷ֣ð˿
ǧݱ䣬潲Ѿľ߳Ч
ڣѾλϹŶߵ˴޵ż
Ȼֵڶλ޵档
ֻϧҵĻ㹻ˣδҵĴ֮ǧ֮޷̤һ
Ըпϧ
ۣͳžγռƣȻ޷Ϊڶ޵棡

ڣԨγ֣һⲻתնΧ\
µĵһ
ԨʹԪʼܣ֮ն
նЩ֮Ԩ֣һغΰһγɵ̥޵ĳ֣ɢΣļ䣬Ρ
쾳
Ԩ˫Ĺ⻪˸纭
ʥһʰͻƵ˵쾳ء
쾳Ѿһΰϣһ͡
ʰߵ·ߡ
һѾ滻ں˵Ŀ
滻һں֮Ȼܹձ˷Ȩ뻰Ȩ
һҲή¿µ
ͨƿߵıȻɡ
һԨԸоļ̥ٳͣһ޴ڶʼȻȡȨ
ΰһԨԪԽӴ
ּ䣬Ԩоذ˷ΰƿնйл֮ܡ
ֻһ㣬֮У׬
Ԩһ³˵нһջ񣬸⣡
һʥ֮Уۼջ񣬿νֻ֮ڡ
õһ
Ԩ۵״Цݣʮ֡
ɢ˼Ĺԡ
ѱ˵㡣
ܹӳԶԶ˵ʡ
д˱һЩԱ֮
Ԩͷϲ
֮⣬һԼʥеҩԼ
Ψһϧսսʱܴˣ
ԨͷҲûź
սսʥҪδɵսֻأάսȶ
һҲ鱦鱦鱦Դ籾Դ̫ڽܣôǿܹ
ͨģǿдûʥıԴӳ֣ǱմȾѵõʥıԴӳ֡
ʧ˳Ϊ鱦֮ĻԵ
ʱһ鱦ԨӰ첻
˻չ񾵣⼸¼鱦ʥڡ
ڶ࣬ھһ㹻Σ
Ԩʮ꣬һ׼طλʱȴһغƵ
Դ𶯣ԣ
ڶλ޽ɼˣ


687 
ʱյһ̣ƿķ
һޱȵԹԴһԾ޾籾Դʼʱҡ
λ߿ʼĽ
޲޽ѡ
Ҫڶҵս
ǿֻƾԴ޵򣬲籾Դıʣ۴ӡ
ƹ쳣Ƶͬʱһ㱾Դסڤ磬̵ĺۼ
һƱԴۼؼܹʮޣԨλ޵ڡ
ڲ²⣬緢˺֮ʱԨѾƼڳǿߵʵš
۾
ԨƳһڤ۵ײκ⡣
Ϊڤ۾ܹĲ࣬˵ռڤ
һŲ˿ľ칬ϵİ档
ʱ칬ϣ£ҲЩͣ͸رԴĿڤϣ۵׾дЩɫ
澹ڴʱԳޣҲֻʸܹ֮ǰ̤һΪڶ޽ɣ
Ԩһ㣬ڶ֤ʹŲСġ
ڤ۾λ쳣Ҫ۵
ִҪλã֤ʹޱƽְա
ǲ֪֤ʹ֮󣬿еӶҡĸ֣
ĵһ㡣
ǲĶ۾սϵ
칬ΰ㼯һǵд޵Ҳ칬Ĵ֡
浣ĵԺ
ڤ۾Ǳޡ
𰸲δ˵ȶãԨʱճϣֻһ಻ڻԴг͡
沢δѡǰĻ籾Դֻ֧Դ֤
硣
Ҳĳ̬ȡ
潫Ϊгɾʹ޵֮λ
֮е顣
ڤλеڶԨλڤ׳겻ڣڤʵϵִߣӴܹ֡
ˣ
ֻϸ΢ޱȵʱ֪˶ãڻԴƾʮأֻƬ̣һֺԲ񷽵١
һԨ֤ޣޱγϫڤ絹ȥ
ڤһ޴ڶںʱµһöڰ
λ۾ڶңɹᴩʱճӣ۴ӡ
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λĴ޵Ϊڤ
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Ƕ֤˴޵
Ǵ޵֮
ڤ֮ڣڤУ߻磬һƹתڤ֮⣬ޱߴ£òôңԶ
һ֮䣬غɽ
ָöҲԲסĲ
ˣ
֤ʹޣζo˾룬ҲԶ󲿷ֵؽѣ޽ɣֻҪԼ䡣
ӵֿٵڤ磬δ˵ӵкʵoǰĴͨҲѰ޵ܱ⡣
һʱоؼߵԶҳ۳ң
ʱȴڤϿһɢ⽵£ڻҹ⻪Ϊһźڻҷµo
ϲ㣬ɴΰҵһ̤㲻򣡡
Ӱʱͷһæ㻯֮գҲ޷ڱһݣ
Ҫ£ȴһ
ԷƱ֤ޣǱ񣡡
Ԩɫģڶأ⡣
˴Ҳ˼ֻǼϵ֤ޣǰһˣЩҪǰ¡
Ԩֵ
֤ޣ徻޵ޱȣͨأ첻ʷǴٴ޵治ײ֮£Խ֣
Ǹ޽ذ
ҴҸףصŴʱҲһŲ΢һ٣Ƿ׷׽Ŀ档
֪½Ĵ޵Ǻ̬ȣ
ѽ
ĵײ²⡣
ȴЦ˵Եأ
ãԨĿףλΪһƿȥ
Ԩȥ֮󣬶ҲջĿ⣬ݲ䣬ȻǴݵȻֻͷ˿
ǰСǰλ档
δͻ֮ǰֻλϢԨ޷׽
֤ʹ֮ȴС
վڶԷǰȻ׺һ֮С
ϲ۾֤ޣӴ徻ң޽٣
Ԩȥ֮񵱼Ҳǰء
ʱķǰӭʮͣҲڳݣЧµ𢣬֤֮ڤ磬칬񣬲չ¶֮

һɽݶһһ𣡡
Ԩʱȴڻ磬һЩС鷳
ʥĻֺʼѹ۵硣
λƿߵ
ҪʱԻ˳
Ӳ蹬ڵ硣
ֱ磬ưոݣ
ʰһؽֽ޾ֱ׳ΪƿΪֹ
ԨҲ⣬ʭӶ˲ծ˲
Ԫʼ̬Ĵ٣౳һӰ̬
ƹ⻪Ʋ񷣬ξֱѹƣȥ
ǹģ
Ψйģܹƿ֮·



688 ¹
ʵڻʱճ֮ҲƵ
Ҫ̡
Ҫȫ
Ԩʱ

λ
ʱٵȫͬʮһıֻǹȥʱ䡣
׼䣬ûгϵ
ʱ䣬㹻ʮ
һǿ񳯶ԣʱ䣬ֻЩ仯
Щ仯ڳ֮ϵʿϸΪ塣
һһῡܵĳ֣ոսǧɢ貶Ŀ
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ǴΪʵʱĳ꣬ơ
ʿʿսڳϳ֡
pӺ󸣬һޱ۵ڳ˸
ЩʿݺأΪ񳯵ĳ볯ȶ˲ĥĹѫ
ǵĳ˴ΪŶĿհס
׷ףԵɻǴ˵Ũ
νĴ񳯶ῡܶԣҲһ޴ʢ硣
ˣػˣڶһoᡣ

ܼ
ۡǰʱͥУ֣ǰصﲻȫֵ
ܼ֮ҽ˲ңڽʵǣвŴΪһɨ֮ǰ˵Եľ
к֮Ľ˽´ܿǵ֪Ϣ
ԭвܼʿ֤֮λԴڰˮķڡ
֮Ĳ٫λ治С
вǿoƼһĻֻϿգ˵ֶ֮С
һһپ٣һ壬ͬڰλһ¡
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ԣһ·ĺפЦӦǳ񳯣Ҫģ۾ع˽Щۣ
£Ȼ󣬳λoͷһӵ£ֱǰͥ
ߺԱoŵѯԱߵͬţλǺˣϺأȥħĪǵħ˾λ
ѯʣԱһϵŻ˿еoЦ㷽ſŵһɬҩζ
oԵͷ˵ȷŵˣĪһҩ񣿡
ˣǱĺ񣬴˻ؽְѡ¼λ˳ΪľŵһԱ
ԭ񣡡
ԣԱoȻ
λѲߵȥǰ죬һλŻɫɨϼµݵɹ󻹸ӡ
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ȻЩԳϻǶЩˣæӦ
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λ˾㶼£ϲҵ
λֻۼУδǿǵǿļλ
˸Ųһ㡣
ǽ񳯵ĵһʿ˾λ˾֮һ
࣬¼һ飬ͳ֮·ƣ
ſڣӭϼ˼״ֻЦЦ˵ܿضϵҲǷǰϵ﹧ؿɵ֮٣
˵ţһзԱһλϺ
٫Խӹֻǿһ۱ǰһæ˵˵ĺ̫ˣôʹã
ؿף⻹бµĺ񣡡
ϼһЦٴһӣ߳һӻƽʿһ̣һ˸УԺա
µĺ񣿡
ֻлƽʿ֣ʱʿ
񳯳ʿ̤ɾ粢ҲǺ٣ɺܹõµĺͣⲻڶʿ¶֮ɫ
񳯵ۺ񣬵۾֣
٫Ҳ־ϲϼ˼״ֻЦЦЩ´ĺΣƲ٫λˣĿһʵһλһʹ
Ǿѡ¼

½ڣԨλӵڸ֣ںϵڻʼڻļ䣬ոսϣԨʱЩ
һȥ䣬Ʒࡰ˲á鰡
Ʃĺ󹬾Ȼڶʱ֮ǣ


689 ʧ⣬ں
ʧˣ
ԨɨһۺͥķֻһۣʱоЩΡ
ʱ֮ͥУһͷͷݺᣬͬѹסǬŦͨͷԪ
ԨǱֱΪһ˿̾Ϣ
ȷǹֲû
ԭ뿪֮ʧ⡣
ǵΪ˲óҰ⿴ѾֻصıʣһֺЩϵ֮ѹס񳯴ˣȷϸһʧ
ǰ֮ǰ񳯺ͥ˵ۺ֮⣬ֻһʯϡ
ƷƷȫȱš
ǣݣ£ǣݣ£ǵȵһҲޡ
Ԩ뿪󲻾ãǽںͥȱ˳˷䣬Ϊ֮Դѹλ
ֻֻǸʼ
Ԩ̫Ϊһ൱źš
Ƕ˼
̫ܾλΪͷûٴʮλŮ빬ڣƷ
֮ǰķǾ˾Ӥ鹬ݵȵȷŮ
ĺ󹬾Ȼڶʱ֮˿ڱ
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ҵۺλգ̫ѹλʱһãڸ
ǰãֽ䣬Ůٴμӷ⣬һΪƷһΪƷ
ֻȻ󹬣ҲδԽֻŮλбչأʱѹ񳯴ˡ
Ǻ
ԨҡҡͷַʽȻϿɣȷǲ֮١
Ԩо˿ʷУʱڼеĸ֮·
飬ԨʵҲԸ⣡
ˣ֪֮Ҳ⣡
Ԩͷתܿͷ
λŮ֮неĵ£Ƿ׼ķޡ
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Ψкȫһ
ԨٲִһԵ巵
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ѧԺԴʥԺΪԽԽĳ佫ڲ¼ԺҲڲϽķͶ׳ơ
۾ѡһoѡ·׼Ž磬ΰҵ
׼ϸһЩҪȷȳһЩǱ񣬲ҪϸС
Ԩ񳯹˵֮ʱֻϿȣ㱩ǡ
Х˽ڣһ㣬Ӵ
ⲻ
Ǳ
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Ԫǿֺ֣߳γס
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񳯽˴ʱѾ׶ɹ
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ڣڹԲ񳯽һ̶һλðĸо
оһƷ񳯽䣬Ȼô׵Ĺˡ
һЩϵ˴ǳֲķ֮ս
мصģһεƷ䣬Ǵ̷֮ս
Ϊǿ㡣
Ĺ޸ࡣ
Աߵ絴ħ۹Ƽͷ۵컯Ԫ⣬һȳ̳֮ϵĲӰ
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һƺǾڶ໹𺳵еĺХɽХھ鹬ǰ½д񣬳̳¡
ʥʥ
ƺȾ񾩣ڴһӴڣһλλӦؼڶǵֺ뻶˫мΪʵʡ
徻޵ĵҲͷ񻶺
ض񣬴˴컯
̳ϣԨֻǻ˻֣Ŀɨһͷһ۵컯Ԫ⣬ֻȡһ룬иֵ΢ӡС
УһĨŨϼǧ
ʱʵڶʱ֮ڽԽؿ컯Ԫ£ڶ̫
۵Ȩо֣ѹ죬Ȩ֮ܡ


701 ͥ
һԾΪ̫΢ӡڻ仯
ԶԶļڡ
ϸȥԼԼವȨУ첻һǿĽơ
΢ӡɷͬһ㡣
ԭԨıΪԨ
ɹ֮Ԩ½ٳ칬칬ʥ칬λǧ칬
ĵͳȨ֮Ǵֻ
΢ӡ档
һջ۵칬ӡ΢ӡпһɱ䣬Ϊ۵Ӧ˶һ
ȻҲпܻͻһ
ӹɣǱҪһ㡣
Ԩ׼֤Ԫ֮м
Ȼ۵ƹ⣬ʿУȴĿ⸴ӡ
񳯵Իǵ񳯵ӡ֮ǿԶԶƷ֮ոս֮ʱ
Ӵޱȡ
滹ʣµһ컯Ԫ⣬ԨǴһӣɣʣһָ곯Ŵֶȥ
컯Ԫǰ漸ν컯ֻ࣬ƷʸŨ̺һ컯Դ
컯£ڶ񶼹˲֣æȡЩ컯Ԫ⣬ڡ
컯Ԫؼĺ
޸ƣȹ̸УǼ֮
컯Ԫ⣬һƷӡͣ˻ΪƷӡ֮ڣһϴ
ԨܹӦ仯
Ʒ֮󣬴񳯵δжôֱۣתЧʣԼȹ̣һɱ䡣
ܹܵķոߡ
ĺô
ҲԨΪصĵط
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ȻƷ񳯻ѾǴ񳯵ļޣҲλ棬񳯵ļڡ
ͨԣͥϽµƷ񳯣أԵ֮ʼ񳯵۾Զͥĳƺš
һİƷ񳯣ȻζҪȡͥΪۡ
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ⳡʢģ֮һνƷҪ˰ٱֹ
ЩôԨȫ䣬Լһ񳯽ɣ̫ҵǾٲ֮ϡ
Զֻλޣͥλӵ˲סӵˣѡ
ԶƼԨ߶ʱЦӣһǲˣ
нӡҲֳһʰԣֻʰΪһΪǬ֮һֻ磬ʰԼӳ£Ϊһգסӵ˵ǰ·
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ӣӣЩҧгݣλɹӵ˻΢۵ȫƶƺӣλںһ𣬴Ƭɹ䣬һبʵĺΰƺӡ
ǻɳʴԪ
ƲԻԪ

ӵ˴ʱݱŭмǿ¹ۣΪһǧǺӣǹ۵淨ࡣ
ǿΪһֺΪԳһ壬ǿƺӴɱҲסּ̧䣬ǧǺӱѣԵϴݻپƺӴ۵ǻƳӡ
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֪ӵȾأǶǿʱ·ġ
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ֻԪʼ޸֮£Ȼ
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ֻǱǧǿĿֲУΪĵˮƬȻΪ촷ۡ


702 û΢ǰ
ֻһ˸Ŀֲ겢δױĨڵˮм顣
ֻǿаסɢЩǹ⣬ΪѰǳƬˣͼƭеλ޽ɡ
УԨɨգ˫˸
͵ĲԪ񣬲Ҵ
۵ɱּ䣬ǰղ룬ʱκһ˿ϸ΢ǹⲨȫӲĻĿ
¡УתػıϴЩѵƬǹ⡣
˫һֻѰƬڣϴǹ⣬۵һ˿ϷЦݡ
ǻ޽ɣǲͨʱպǳ˫ش򣬻һʱѡ
˫УһƲǹʱշȻ΢죬ת˲
գɲǼ䣬һǻԻΪɻҡ
Աߣλ޽ɼ״һҲпһ˿״
Ŀ˸˵΢£˿»ɱ棬˻Ҽҵ۾Ϊƿһǿյǳγصɣ䣬Ҳصĳһ̫ǳϣ
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⣬ûڱ΢ǰԳ棡
۵һƺ⡣
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սĽ٣
һƬԾݻһƬĩֻ⣬ϯһΰâλ硣
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һĻʱյˡ
һž޴ɫΪ֣鼰Ǻ⣡
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Ԩв죬Ŀһ˳նɱķӡ
ǰӵԪһƱԴ첻Ĵ淽ʽĴͬС죬ֻǸӸ߽һ㡣
΢΢̧ͷһɰԪ͸ͷ΢۾λӿһƬ
ǿŤϣγһƬǿյձڵ޸ġ
һԨҪƶҲøһۣ
ʱƬǿӵƵеת˫ӣƽپֻ˫Ԩ۵һ˿˿⡣
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ƬǳԴۿɼٶȿݽߣִƬڰš
ЩǹȻɫٲɫȵأԨȻ
֪Ĵ۲ֵһᣡ
Ԩ鲻ּ̧䣬ԪʼԽ֯һԴΪӳƿأǧǹٲϣԹԷٰ
ֻΧȴ貣ǿɺǳԴԣΧһǳԴѹ
ԹתǳԺХƽϢֵָ֮״תǺ»ָ
ֻȴ˴ƬڰգǺͬʮѿ
ﻹв㱩Ű羰⣬ƻӼĻӵࡣ
ԨƳһ΢üͷǻ
ȻҲ̫Ǳ
֮ᲨķΧЩ
ӵ˻΢ִۣǳԴô꣬Щҵס
ǱҪٵķɡ
һԪ飬ɹǳԴŤǳȫ
ͷ⣬ԨоҵȻܹɹƿƬԭǳԴ
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΢ԴǳͳȺǡ
˵Ҳᡣ
΢ԵλûкúƿعԴǺ
ǰǺȫƿ̫ǾУ̫Ǿ󣬱΢΢ûˣͱӵ˹ȥ
ڲڻص΢۾һС
֤ԪҲЩЩ档


703 ħ
룬ʵӳա
ֻԭǳԨ£һ̫ǳӰ
γƬԭڵĹǳ
Ԩ־Ƭǳһͼ
΢ΪɣǳΪҶγһΰޱߵǳѹǡ
Ұ֮⡣
ԨԤһ㣬ӵ֮ǰ̫ǣʱòبŴڵǶ䡣
̫ǿԵըʱΧٵȺǶɷΪɻҡ
ڷΧǶѹȺǣת˲ǿʱȹס
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棬˳ǳԴԨγԭأ꯵˵ͷ֮ԨĿȴĳޱȵоһ
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˼۵ףԨкλ޽һУ׼һ֮ꡣ
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Ȼǰ֧ԮҲǴ˽ô񳯵˼
ʹ活ʹλޣյһЩϢǰλ΢ۿеġȨλãܹһкŬ꣡

һδ֪̫龵
ǴԪʵļв㣬ħ΢ƽħΡħӰϡ
Ϊһο࣬Գͷȴͭϻа˸ԲΡħӰ
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ʱԱħӰⲻʱɨŴ񳯵ķ۵żĿƮϸȥҡ
ǹסǣҲӵһȥңƻ񳯽ƷĴơ

λħ֪𵴲δƽϢ̫ǿգʱĵ׷
ɿһһħ˵ħȻǿƣҵʱ޹أҵڵĴУǹ
żܣҵȼӽԵΣ
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ħ˫аԵħ˸λħ״ȻʱҶԣ
ħ۵ɫ˸˴񳯣෴Դ񳯻п
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ħĶǺܿ
ǱߵܣȻҲţֻǹصüá
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ˣרעħԲ
һħԲ̤Ԫħ
ĶԹԹȻһǹҲ޴֮ء
ʱе˶塣
ȴǿħתȥ

һƬУλçתĹΰҲ㡣
˵ĵг󣬾ħţĵоȻˣֻ¾Ԫħֻһ
λȴǹ˲þ̾ǱܣǷھħ϶ϡ
һ΢̽λȴóһǴвϢ
ϾԱߣЩء
⼸λϵмǿÿһλ漶ĴڣһλϹźʱ档
жϣȻд
ϴʱЩľٶҲˣȴٳ޷
ħȻѾһ
һħһ֤ͻԪħܵô棿
跨ƻħţ
Ժıͷ֪ʱ˷ŵĴ񳯵۾ϡ
ͷһ
λĵн󣬹УֻȫѷǾħ
ɷλ۾ֻ˾ħĺ£


704 ۵

Ԩںæ񳯽Ʒ֮ǵкǰ֧Ԯĸ
ȻЩԮ󲿷ֲδá
̬ȶУ
Ʒ񳯽ͷϷ۵
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۵һʢᡣ
ԣ˵ʢ磡
ԹҲֻΪǿߣʸٰ۵ʢᡣ
ڹϵУЩǿߵר
ͬڼ򵥵ɱ
ǻֱײ
ôǿ߼üһãÿһλޣпȡ֮ǿԨȹϵ۵ʽУЩջ
콲ϱ֤⡣
ʮյĽȻԨΪ㼺ȴÿһλĴǿߣĿˣʿջ
۵УԨչ¶Ԩڶ𶯡
λ񳯵۾ԣЩ򣬻ҪǹЩ֮һ񲻽̾ǻȻӡ

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Ԫ޽ɡ
Ԩ˵Уǻڴ˵Ҫһ

һĵӳ֣δλ淢⣬ԪͨҲܹ֣Ҫܹ嵽ϵʵ
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ֻǻԪǿߣӦǿò˶ãУĴɻָ
֮ϣԨüģü⣬ԼɼһöԲϾĵ֡
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ԴʼԴ
Ԩ֮ΪԪʥΡ
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ÿһλ֤˴ʥĴ޽ɣܹۻԪ
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ԨʵԭҲ֪ЩŻԪʼӡ֮ЩȻȻˡ
ԪҲԨ򣬵
Ԫʼ֮ȫƿʥ磬ԪȻȻͳˡ
ңԨ֪ҪѶȥΪשߡ
Ԫʼ˲Դʱ޿ܵԴ类
δֻҪ졮֤ͻԪʥ
״̬˵ȥɷˣ
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Ԫʼ֮ĳɳǷֿģԳɳԽ죬δп֮ºİȫаա
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ڤڤͨ콨ľ֦ѾȻͻĳƿλؼһԴһƱԴ룬ͨ콨ľɢЩĻƽʡ
ɫͨ콨ľһ˿ɫ
Ѿһ˿Ϲźʱͨ콨ľķɡ
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ѲǼ򵥵һ
ԨƳһ۲⣬ͨ콨ľȷ֮ͨܡ
ƼϹŽľδִľ۷ڡ
۷Ӧһ
һ磬֮䣬žŹ
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ͨ콨ľΪԪƿ飬ҹؽܹͨ


705 ϵϢ
ЩΪĵ÷
ÿһõĺãȷԳΪһλԪ֧֮
ʥӦҲⷽĿϧλʥʧˣ
Ԩͷ޲²⡣
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컯ؼͨ콨ľİ֮ͨ콨ľľ֮£ؿӹ̣ҵȻһ˿ĵϣһ컯Ĵߡ
ԨģȫԽΪһ鱦
ֻԨδôֻ΢һȹ̡

ԨһֱԴصбչأȴӰԶ
Ʒ񳯽ɣƵֵڶƷɳ˶ƵĴơ
һƷ񳯵۾ĳ֣λֵһλͥ
Ҫͥķ
ÿһλͥĳ֣ڹϵͥԣҲٴλظ
Ϲͥͳ죬ͥ۾˫ʮ֮ÿһλܹѹһΪͥһ档
ڶͥĵͳҲò¿ǷҪͥӰ
һͥΪе壬ԴҲͷۡ
񶼲λ΢۾̬ͥȣԼ̬Σ
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ǿǿޣҲλ΢۾УνС֮ŭСʧ
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ڶĴϡ
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˸Ȩλе̣Լ񳯽ʽϳֵĵر
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ǾǺôԣ̫ڵԼģȫˡ
Ϊˣÿǰ񾩵ɳվһЩ֤̫ҵɢ޹
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ֻǴ޽ɴ󲿷ֶʹ活ʹԼͥ
ʹķ嵹ǱȽ٣Ϊ֤ʹ޵٣活ʹҲ࣬活ʹֻǿϣһǰ硣
ͥ΢һЩ
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һߣڽϢ֮󣬵õϵĻظ֮󣬱񾩡
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ÿһƬҶɢޱȵĹؼġ
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ĳֻɫ˸Ƭָ̻侲
ʱųһ
ԴصľϣԨ˫۵ƽһӣһƽʱչӰԴصǰͣƬ֮䣬ʵӰǰ
ԨƽŽϣֻЦЦ
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̾һӣĵбȱĻҪΪɲ⣡
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ԨĵԽ죬ϵʲôˣȻȴħ˴𣬵ǵͷӦˣ
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ԨһϣּϢʱΪ֪̽
һȴħѶϢ
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ڴӦȥȴħǼ򵥵ڼߺ͵ϵİΣ
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ԴصԨľξֱգǰħڵĴǧ
ƿʱչԨٶȼ죬һĨϽɫֱƿ޾ңԶգγһشǧ֮ǰ
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707 λĻԪʥ
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708 ԨĻԪ֮·
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ѰԪʼеҲȴʼܹҵԪʼȷйе
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ֻʷ˾λЩǣԨʵǱ¶ô򵥡
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һֻʥ磬Ȼδܹ̤Ԫʥڴ޽ϵĻȴǻޱȣлᣬ˵һֻأгԳԪʥĻᡣ
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ǿ֮ʧˣκܽԴ磬ͬԴ֤ͻԪʥ


709 ۷ǧ
ʱշתԨһڻ͸¶ʮų˼Ĺԣһ
֮һĴǧڡ
ִ糤Ӧ˵ʱգԨԣࡣ
κλ渽ȺУӷ㡣
֮ԨۣƬԪΧʣԣĭڻԪŵĳС
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ǰһǧ˵ˣɢۼ鶯
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710 
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ĳκԴѾԲ
ǳԣһЩǿһλ̫ǳơ
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۷ǧԴȻֻһѼ
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ܵǰܸһ
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Ȼκһڴǧ
ͬҲлץסһ
ǧ統һʿٻԪһǧİױȵģ˻Ԫ֮Ҳлγǽ
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ѵĽǰ鱦֮
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ȣݾȣǰ³ֵһǧꡣ
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711 ֮
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712 ֮
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713 Դ֮ʼ
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仯ĵͨ콨ľ
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714 

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715 ʥʦ
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716 
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ԻʼԴȤĻoܶࡣ
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Ҳû࣬һЩɵʼԴƣһּǿҵĲθУԸǰ
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Я߿籩ıԴӡ֮󣬱ǻһö׹⴩͸֮أƻ۵ķ
Ϊ֮ףһǴλޣ޷ɳ۶

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˽ߵ飬̨֮ϣһӰһֻ΢أҲǾֱ˸ط
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717 ˣʼԴڵ
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ԨĿ¶֮̾ɫɨԵĻ糤ӣħŴɣ֪ǿߣˣЩѺ;Ļ¶У
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ħϤĸо
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ǵһμǵȴڣΪһرϤС
вٻo΢΢һлͳ˵
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ֻҪıŵٶȹ죬Ȼų磬йϣ


719 ݻ

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ĳ̶ֳȺ֮ıϡ
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һ濴룬ȷϣɹġ
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ڴ۹ǧĳ֣ıԶ棡


720 ٿػ磬ѹ
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ƺ岨ǰ֣Ϊտ㣬Ԩ߶ǧӰУϴǧ
ɫǧڣǧӰȻͬһտɫǶС
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ʥ硣
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ǿҪأ֮ǰǧǲ߱ģ˵ֻһЩи߽ײȱҪء
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һԴӴޱȵĻ籾塣


722 
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ʱⳤӴڻ統еҵȱ˶̤Դ̽ĵ·
ֻʱⳤҪԺδΪԴδΪͣҵʱ֮ţȻܹɿʱ籩ȴ޷ʱⳤӣ
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733 ʼ
ֺʥΧת֣ԨСƬ̻Ϊһʿ߲ͣɸߵӰ
Сˣ
һڶo΢һ㶣ʶ¿֮Ѿ״󹦸ɡ
ڵ֮ڵڶo㶼ϲ
ʼԴٳɹЩڵ޿ٷŵĻoȻΪһˡ
㷨ţΪĲǿٵسɹ֮
ֻһλֺ룬һһĹo߳
ԸɢΪѹ޼գȡһ֮飡
λΪ۵ձԴйصǿo֮
ԨЦЦƳһλĻoŲo۵ףȴǷĮ
׼֮вѹջ磬ԸoҿɴһձԴ
ԣǵħ۵΢Щʧ
֮ձԴȫ
֮֮飬֮֮ǰ
΢ɣΧһմĻoæӦ
ӴھŲ£ٱ⣬ɲǻΪһչĻ統дӣΪձԴһ֡
o״㶼ҡҡͷڻʼԴǰɻҪá
ȻʱԿĻԼ
ʮ޵Ļo֮ıȡһԴڻoǿȷЩ
ıȡձԴ֮󣬿Խһ֮顣
ֻǵȻǺ򲹣ҪoȲǰ漸λֱȡǿȨ
ת˲ȴǺ˳⺸ɵģüһ档
ֻ˵񣬻ؿ֮ҵǷҲ׽֮ڣ
Ŀдһ˿֮ɫ
Ԩֱ˵ؿ֮󣬽аʱϢڰ֮󷽿ɽأ֮̽أ
ԣʱЩˡ
Ƕ೤ʱ䣿
ڣʼҲ˵͵ʱ䳤̣ʮ꣬Ԫ㣬ٴν֮ЩͬѾ˳ɵıԵ
ٴνƬأֻΪ϶Ϊĩ
ڶoԸ⣡
æʵʼ棬ǼΪܹǰ룿
ԨҲŭƳһǿoȻһƬĮoƴаػɣԸo֮ΪصһӣԿǰ룡

ʱֱӵ񣬱Ըo֮ЯԴ֮УΪһλo
Ԩ˸׼
ն籾ԴƬأΪһӣԨ᲻Ը⣡
ֱӻһɫ棬ѻȻѽ⣬λһ⻮صĲζĳʱʧ
Ǽ
˵浹ҲЩϣ
Աһλֺ룬ʯһĻЩ̾ΰޱߣ˫дһ˿֮̾ɫ
ħԳԱߺٺֱЦһ׳ɢŨɷ
Ц˿ûѡ˻֮飬ްѹλԲųŻᣬֱӱɴߴ֮·
ڻ֮ǰͷԨֵԸħԳ֮ѹأȡһԴɷ飡
׼
£ħԳֱգһɷȻѿǵصӿ񷵱С
ɷ񷣬ʱγ˶ƣЩϵУΪһӣһɷأΪֵıԴ֮һ
ħԳȴеõ˼ĺôΪؼɷʼ棬ͷһرԴ٣أĺɫԪڣЮؼĳɷ֮ء
Դɷ鲢飬Լ֮٣δ˵лԵһ
״ǻ˵øƻĺͷ
۵Щ֮ɫ
ǿᣬΪΪǿĻo֮һͬɷ
ĵһѡ񲢷ɷ
ҲվԨǰֱo֮ΪʼѹرԴʼȡһ֮飡
ŲУԨһ¶һ˿
νǻʼԴУΪФԨһмԯģ
׼
Ԩֱӵͷ
һץһƴرԴۻΪһüʱڴб⣬ﳯŴȥ
Ҫͺһ
ǿoǰo׷oԴΪ죬ΪΪѩҪôǻΪȵ̥׷׽
ЩoΪ֮׼Ȼ籾ԴҲȡһЩؽµĹ
ֵһǣһЩǿoָҪǧ̥ΣԨҲһһ
һֻoԸǿ뿪٣ѡڻ֮ȴȴ֮Ľ֮ڡ


734 ̫ӳ
Σڶoڳȹ
ٹɣ𶯣ʱٲһ£оųԨֻ뵳ɲʡ
Ĳؼ䣬ĴƮŴڸ̿ߵ֮
ʣһڶƽԪĻoԪ鵱УȹڶԪ飬Ρ
ǵص£ڶoܹܿ¾ѣo֮·
o֮·ڻo
oʺħеضУٶֻ졣
òͣͻлoָ۷徳أһ̤ʥ
ԨɨƬأ۵΢һ˿Цݡ
Щoʼ档
ʼһڡ
Ԩĵײɻ䣬෴ʮָˡ
Ϊƿߣ֮£ǿԽ࣬ȻԽƣǿ
ܹλԪʥ˰ݻأʱͳ׽ˣ
Ԩа
עǻԪʥˣǻԪ޽ɡ
ΪƿߣϲɢĻԪ޽ɣԪʥ˸
ڻɢȥ֮ԨԪʼɾ޸һҲһ㣬ȻһϹΪƬؼ䡣
ЩƬÿһƬ̺Ī֮ԨѹҵŞ֣컯ǻΪǻΪһλo
ΪֺƬЮסһؼδɢ֮ΪѤùʳŴطȥ
Ԩһۣʱ֪Ƭݻ֮ѹȨ
һĻԨδġ
Ʋ֪֮ҪʱǿٻԪʼɿ츫
˵Ƭǿлع顣
ĪЦЦԨҲƬոµأ¿һҲıչ״̬С
֮ɣӭһбǣȻץסᣬջ
ԨƬػ硣
Щ
һͽ֮ȻûʼԴΪԪʼΪʾ֮·

Ԩп֮³ɹ֮ʱκȻ΢΢
ֻǳȻŹ⻪ǹǵԲֺ£ǳһƺתһ壬κ֮֮ӿΪޱǳγɵǹɣһɫİȻɳݻǳ֮
һ̣ڶгɵĳκ⾪ȵһĻؼ䷢ʲô飬κرԴȻˡ
ֻһ칬Ŀ۾ķ֪칬񣬵ȴɲ۾ƿأڶ޷Ƭ
𶯣䣬ĪǴʦйأ
۾ڣ۾ӿǹ˫۵Щȣֻ˲һµһɻֺرԴرԴ֮£κԡ
ǳԴԼڤڤյһȻ䵫ſ
ֱ仯ʱò۾һ䣬˲Ϣǹڡ
ֻǴʱǹڣһλŮٴεȺϹת֣ޱȡ
ϤİŮ񣬲۾æ
ܴʱٴ޾磬Էһλո֤̫ҾĹɡ
λŮ񱳺λһĿֲޡ
ʱλޱȵŮɫ񵥣ӣԴһ˿ȣǰڴʱΪ֮
ֻƻƣǻĴֲֿҪ͸κ硣
λʱɫ䡣
Ƭ򣬲¶ˣ
Ƕʱˣ
ǿǺǰԼҵϢϢأ
ٶκǱ޴󣬸ʱ⣡
ӻԪ󣡡
һѵǹ켣ŮһͷϹ⸡֣Ϊöڰ׹ֲܷʯ壬ɲǼһֺγɣסǹʱ֮ϻֺĴʧ
칬һĻԪ
£أһ仯
ֻŮδüϲȻϢһͷҡʯһ
λʶʱˣôʲô̼ôǰˣ
Щʧֻ̬쵱Уһ޴ޱȵɫǹ֣ſŻֺǳǹڻ֡
˲
ͷڤڤתĴҲٳɳΡ
ŵǹƬ̼䣬ȻŹʣʮ硣


735 
Ůɫ䣬ȴ޷ˣްԽпࡣ
ټϾŻͬʱԲ
ǻֺ̫ǿҡ
ƾŴ޵ѹΪ̡
ʱȴŮͷУʥתڰ׹鲼һŰ£ʵʥӰ֣ʹԸ֣ʱѹסҡĻԪ󣬽ѹ
ӰŮλһo㶼һϲ
ʣ
ʱ£
˵ͷתɨųκǰ
ʥ
Щ֮ɫ
ǰһʥŵͻļޡ
־ǽһƴʥǿ̤Ԫˣǿƾ
ѵСѾ̤ʥؿ֤ͻԪ
ʵĴʱ΢ܿ
תƬ̣ȻδõϢʻѾȷϡ
⵹˼ˣǲ֪ķԴ֤֤ǻԪ޽ɣǻԪʥˣ
ͷתȴ
ԪתԪת֮Ƕκת˲üͷ
ʱ򲻽ǰɱ䡣
ǰ񣬾Żǳһ̼˳κ磬κѾ˽
һǧԪҲһܹȫס
ֻǷҲû⣬ֻԼλޡ
עۿ˵ȽԶȶԣֱһλԲ̤Ԫʥ
ԣλһ˲佫עȫǰ֮ϣĦʮ
ΨǳϾŵĻ
ȫȻǰɢϣмеǣҲڴϲ
ŵǹЯŹϳ죬ɲǼǹκ磬֮ʢ¶ǣԼؼһԶǡ
ǻƶ
ƶгɳ
֮κǿǴ֮£ֱǹ롣
һգκڶֺֻ죡
Ȼ֮󣬱ſľ޴ǳֶǹ
ǾſմȾĳҾǡ
ϹŮϹıȺǣ
λ޷Ҳӳɱĵоѹ
ֻһǾſɫǳǲΪǱİǳԴ𶯡
ǾöɢİǳԴѹκǣʵʵȺ֮ס
λһoݼ⣬Ҳлϲеˡ
ʱ֮βסͷϲֻ۵Щ֡
гŴǵ
̫ס̫̫ʼ̫ء̫飬ˮ飬飬飡
̫Ԫ󣡡
ʷˣʵʣɿ֪ô£
λһĴĿЩ죬ЩԣֻǾΪŻȡЩ⡣
̫ͻԪͷ
ֻŻǵȡŻǱˣǷֱ̫ԴԼԪԴ
Ʋ⣬ŻӦ޷ǿĸԴ
Ϊ֮ĸǳæŻҲǿﵽ̫ǵĲΣλһЩβ̫൱
ǰľŴ̫Ӵ
ӴԶĵز
ƾŴǵĸϵԸ֪ѾλǰбǣǱ¶ǡ
ʷ΢һ˿Цݡ
ʥãȻͬ
ƳһСŮڸв֪
ֻǿе£պ֪ģ
ֻкôûл
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΢Ц⣬Ȼ˵ϣĿеľǣĸԹԡ
֪⣬ŵ¶΢΢ңӦ
״æĪҪҶҾ֮ڣǻ˻Եĵk
ݴһ˿ȴ͸ǹھ
΢һԹ԰
ŻȻڴʱֻǾ̫ȻҪǳԴܻζ
ȶoѾǼ̵ʱˡ
λ̫Ӱ಻סԺǱδ̫ڿϧ
ͬʱκǰھı仯֮Ҳ˽
ɫǹתʮͣת˲ųƥǹ⣬кǳԴתǶݻ
ǹҫ֮£ǹ֮ڣڶ಻Ѿ񣬻δ񣬾㶼оؼĶشС
ͬʱǰĽڤڤĳλڣһƻԪ͸¶ɫâǹۣΪһʥֺİΡ
ѹ䣬ʥκգڶ֮䣬һ̲Խ״Ŀֱӡ


736 
Ԫ޽ɣ
ֺʥϯ֮ϷһҲɫ䣬޴ѹ֮£ȫסʥԽǿֲѹѹڵء
ֻڿҪ֮ʱȴǹɻֺʥͻأޱȵʧ١
λһĴǿֻʷ˳ֻ̧֣ĿȥʸֶϷһ˿Цݣûг֡
ĿǻֺʥӰϣһ˿֮⡣
ѵʱʶλ³ֵĻԪǿߣ
ԱߣҲݱ仯δӦκѹֻĿǵֺǧӰ𶯣ǵӰϣܵһޱϤĸо
ĵЩ²⣬ټǽ֮ǰ˳ޱȵϣ죬ſڵ£
ԨĿתʹɢ¶ݣҵһЩûǰ֤ǵĳ
Ԩ΢ЩΡ
ȴЦ绨ļɣ
Ԩͷ۵Щϲ
Ŀκǿſԡ
ſĳ̶ֳҲǵ컯ͻȻǰҸȾ֮⣬Ӷ̫ԴԼԪԴ
ʵھŻǳ֮ǰϻֻǼƻ仯ÿ죡
ԨͷЩϧ
һ˫ǰϤӰ
ΪϹŵõŮҲһֻ֮С
ڳκʮ֮á
ʮδ档
Ԩע⵽⣬¿һ
ʮУֻǴӽɾ̤̫Ҿ磬ֽǺˡ
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Ͼ֮·̫ڷѣ֣ҪǿıԴģܹѾˣܹʵһ˼
Żǳ֮ĵĸͼѾѹǣҪࡣ
֮·ҲʮĿ๦У춨
ͬʱԨҲԱߵķʼ񣺡ʣ
Ԩ֮һֱδֻǰԴԨ۵Խ̾Ա
ϲ㣬˳֤ͻԪ޽ɣӴ֮޽٣ңڣ
ѵ¶Цʮˬʣ
Ůĳɾ͵ȷڲҪʹıӻ׷
ԱߵλѾ²⣬Ծ㶼Ȼɴ֣˫оǿŵԲɡ
λ񳯵΢۾Ȼ֤Ԫˣ
λ޶ԼĶ䣡
Ǵ˻Լ֮ڣǼΪħİ㣡
ֻʥӰԽоһɺ嫵ϣвԽ֮С
λԵֵ֮һλ½Ԫ
ҿӦ֤
ԱߣҲһĵŵǰӰƳһ۳κǰֺʥ𺳡
Ҽұ֤Ԫ޽ˣ
ԺֻʣӰǵޱ߻ϲ
һ˿˼顣
Ȼ֪Լλµ˲ãȴû뵽ܹʮ֤֮Ԫ
ݻϲȴһ֣Ȼüģƽֵǳĸͼ
ͬʱһݻ֣Դ֮
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ԨЦЦ˳ջơ
ԨʱҲע˳κ֮ϣκʮݻ֮൱˲ãڵ˺Щǿ񣬲ɣ̫
Ʋκһǧ硣
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óµһЩШӺѾá
۾λ칬֮ķӣס˳κĴ̣Ϊ˲۾˷Ļرλ칬֮Щù;ĳλͻȻĴ֮УѾֻعĳĥ׼û칬Ȩ
µĽڳκ
佫ͳκԴĴһ鱬
Ԩɨһۣ֪ɹ˽٣κܹԴ磬Ƕɲ¾ֻһ;޽֮ڡ
ԸŸСһԵ
ԨͷκԣѾ̫
ΪƿߣټһԴƿߵλá
ԪʥҲƸת
ΪһԴƿѾ֮ѣҪٶȡڶԴƿλãѶȱ
⸶ջ񣬽ɱ
ԨѾ
һԴѾ㹻Ϊһ춨ʵ
ֻǼߣ

෴κԾŻӰ
ŻڳκκԴϢϢأǳκԴ磬ƾŶĳʼһĸݡ
ԼеĴҲ޴
Ԩʷ˶һۣ֮䣬Ƭ̴ĳĬκǴһһĻ̣ϲԪǿȾָ
֮΢˼䣬˵ЩԨʧ
⵽ֻһ鱦۵ӡδǰ
ǳϣԨȥʧܿҪȫ뵽κٵУ˽գֻǺԪʮ㣡


737 δȾ
칬
۾
ǵֺʥѹȥ֮󣬲۾ɫ𺳵̧ͷ
ǻֺʥѹǰδС
Ե۾ǵһθֲֿܵܡ
ѹ֮£޽ǰҲСޱȡ
۾ĵײ𺳣ֻĵҲв²⣬ǵֺʥӳκǹɢκǵûпܣⲻò۾ͷ²⡣
ʦ𣿡
۾ԺвֳһΰޱȵΡ
۾Լֱ
ʦеɲ⣡
΢̾Ϣ۾˿
ʮκͻ䣬ĪǿߣЩλ۾֮ϣκѾƿء
Լʦ֮¶Ŀֲѹѹһб
۾ҲֻǼԨά칬ȶ
۾ƣ칬λֻŵùǺ

칬УػŻ޺ɢŨϣĵڣһλᣬ֮ϳ޾̨֮ϣ£۵𺳣־塣
Ϊǧ֮֮ףһθܵ˿־壬뺦¡
ĵӿֳĲ
ؼôỹֲֿޱȵĴڣ
ǲ۾ų칬һǿߣ޷ִɣ
λԸ⣬λִƳκǧȨ칬֮Ҳһָ
־칬֮˼Լһ˿ȵҰĴǷܹ£
ܹ£ǿ칬˵κǺųƲ֮µһĲ۾Ҳ㲻ʲô
λ칬֮۵иֳɫܿɫһ͡
ֻǴʼգ칬񲢲֪λڵ̽Է˵ġ
칬֮Ҳע⵽ͷͻȻֵľſɫǡ
ǾſɫΪأϱܡ
ֻȺϤΪ۾䣬ֱݲ۾ɲ칬

λ棬ڳκǰɱ֮ҲЩϸ΢ס
һλĴǧеλӦҲήһ֮ڡ
Ⱥ
ͥʮ̫ǲܿƵ궯ޱǹ΢йȻͨߵע⡣
׵֮ͥʴ
ʴϣλ֮ƿߣִ֮һȨ
λȻСȴһʱΪʴ֪
΢ݣʴǵóһЩģϢһϢȷ
ؼ䵮һ֮֮ǳһŹ
ⲻʴоȡ
֮ĽѶȲЩϴ޳Ԫ
½֮ʴ𲻽һЩȤȤ󲿷־ۼԼʹ֮ǿϡ
λܹԽ֮żûУ䱳ȻһʮǿĴڡ
΢𣿡
ʴ𣬼㣬ֱӱȷĻɶ
λ޳ǳǿʮޡ
Ҳô
֮ǰпܵĶӵˣֻǺӵǰʱѾ΢֮֡
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ʴֱųǳͼ
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ôΨһĿܾ΢֮
ʴĲ²ӽࡣ
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ʴҲû̫עԴԪ½ؼ䵮̫ʴγǵ죬񻰣漣Ĵڡ
עڶĴϡ
ЩжȥһͥȨȻҪջЩȨͥΰҵ

λڣʴһֱĻԪʥˡ
ЩԪʥλϵܣʴܹµģЩԪʥһ֪ĸһЩѾΪǰš
һ֮ĳ֣Ȼһֶ⡣
ÿһλԪʥ˶ӵʴҡ
֮ı󣬳κΪǰ֮أҲλԪǿС
δȾ
ֻʱλԪʥ˲һ˿Ƿ˳κΧųĻԪԡ
ƻԪϡ
Ȼܵġ
ܹʹŬڵܣЩԪʥȻҲȤ


738 ǧ
ƶ֮ڣԯƵȣ޾գңң޾ڰ׹罻֯γɵϣЦ
Żʹһߣַкǣ
һЦ߳Ƶ۹ö׵۸У׵ũҲѵôӸۡ߳ͬнǰʹڡ

ʱλһƬֺ֮ڲ֮ϣһƬ֮ء
ڵⰿ裬ʱнɫӰڣ
ƶ֮ϣһǻԻ͹¶һǡ
һλبźĴȱŮյУβԪ֮תͬһʯһ㣬һͻȻ֮ڽ칬֮ŮȻ˫ȱĸԵĹԴſһ˿졣
ֳЩʲôȻҶδ֪
ЩһֱԪпޣλᣬҲҪҸᣬúðݷһֳǣ
תǵ˹һͷ׼߶߶
κΧĻԪ󣬵ȷǹŮĺġ
һܹ֮Ĵǧ磬ȷֵùע
λҲԼλֳʱҪԮ
ЩԪʥǵĵУܣȻٲ˽档
Լֳֻ֤ãܵԼֳ˰

ڶԪʥǶƵλظǿռĽ֮һƬƵޱȵѪڡ
ѪڵǿɷһλųѪڤӲ
Ȼ˴ȳѪѾΪһƬɫѪʧˣһƬ
һƬɫ
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ΧȻѪƬ֮ᣬǸո۳֣ǱһɫϤɣΪһԪء
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ؼһλԪʥ˳ĵ
Ԫ֮ڣ֮սλ档
̤ʯǱˣǹžѪ֮ڤӽ档
λԵ֮ʵλеһԪħ
侫ԪħڹԪڣԪʥǵϣλ֮ԡ
Ѫ룬ɫʮƷϣһɷǣǳϥϹתϹڿն𣬻ֺ
ͷϴϽڣעǱ
Ԫ˵ãʷȻ֤磬ȷǸѲĶ֣
У̽һλԪħΣ
ͷת뷨ֻһ˻ʱһϵ

֮ڣԨأ۵׶ЩЦ⡣
ǰֶһ
û뵽ҵԽԽˣ
ԨܿоԼУһֱоԼö졣
ڵȷѾ˹Ԫ֮С
оļ֮ࡣ
ǰԪʼɿ츫ʥ
汸
װݡ
ȻԪʼɿ츫Ȼǳװƾ㹻󲿷ֻԪǿ߸ȥ
ǸˣֻϧһЩƿӶʱ᲻ˣ
Ԩͷεš
еƿ硣
ΪƿߣȻôⷽ硣
۵ķա
Ԩÿʱỵܸ֪̈ŲӡԼ˿֮ԪʥڷٳɳС
κһλԪǿˣֻǿҪеƿ
ˣеΣ
ʱԨʵ뷵λ˳ףһ֮Żǻγ
ֻԨʵ벻
һ͵ǰʱá
̤ƿߵĵڶ磡
ҲǻԪ
ǸʱܷȫѹסһԴӡ
쾳һִﵽʰԵڰ˾ľ磬ʰԵڰ˾ԨʷδﵽؿѶȲС
ҵδûлᣡ
Ԩͷӹ֮Ưǧѡ
΢㽫гǧ⣬ɲǼǧ⻮Ʋ񷣬ǧ
쾳Ϊ۳ӣδǽΪǧ
ǰǧԴС
Ŀٺ
δֻҪǧ緢ɳ쾳ȻҲܴмȡɳϣǿƶ׼عλ档
Ȼѵ£ȻǧԼɳ죬ջع磬ʹλƿԲ
δܵǧԴԨҲ޷нִһ
ܹӽʰһͬԪʼӡλԪʼ


739 
ǰ;
ԨЩƿΪ˳㡣
ƿߵȷǲͬ졣
лǧոտٵλ棬Ҳհ֮أȴλƿȥ䡣
Ȩֱȥ
˵ϣƿǰȻǲ̫Զ
Ԩתת˲ͷ֮ķ
֮ҲҪ跨ΪΪָһˣ
Ԩдġ
Ȼؼʱ̣ʱٻԪʼɿ츫˭УȻҪúþ
ǶλʿǻԪʥˣ޷ȡҪ塣
Ԩɨգһ֮߳ȽһƬصĦڡ
ĿԪʼ֮תǰһޱȵ̥
̥Ԫʼתײ죬ͬӣԨ֮ı֮ȻһһԪʼ
Ԫʼᦣ
δԨѾı塣
һɫСᦣСδ׳͡
ԪʼᦱԪʼɿ츫ɱ֮ܣǿޱȡ
һɱ֮
ᦣ֮ԨҵѾ֪š
ֱǻͼ
ԪʼᦱԪʼ컯δһλ׽Ԩ壬Ԫʼ֮컯o
λoҲĵһλo
λoڲԶԪʼ֮ƣֻǿһԪʼת
˼Ƭ̣ԨӡһԪʼڣ֮첻Ϊ첻⡣
ǵԪʼоԨ΢ЩɢһȻĽζ
Ԩعͷ԰꣬пһԪʼ뱾ʥԵδΪ֮һλ״ӣʦ֮տɲڣ
Ԩ룬ĿԪʼ̨֮ϣת˲һź컯Ԫʼ̥ϣ̥һϹ⣬Ԩ˳㽫תλδͽԪ֮ڡ
Ԫʼ̥𶯣ЩԨ
Ը֮ܲ
Ԩа
Ԩݹһoʦͽ֮Ե״ֻλλ
ԨԴҲΪء
Ȼʦͽ֮ԵȻú
񻰴˵棬λԪʥˣԼҲܵ˦ƹ񵽴ܡ
ȻҪҪŽᡣ
ܻڧ
ɾͷˡ
һź컯֮Ԩʱתʧ
Ǻ컯Ǻöܹܸ۳ǿޱȵɲԪҲͿٵ֮ǰԨԻʼԴһ֣Ż翪٣ӻ߳Ǻ컯ϡ١
ԨҲһ֡
ֻϧⶫ֮޷
뿪޷档
ǱСӣ
ԨٴγֵʱΧһƬĻ磬ԪŵϴΧ˷ӿ·һȪۡ
ΧһƬɵ
˵֮µĻɽС
ɽлʼԴɢĻ籾ԴҲ캬һֻʼԴ
ͼڻɽһѨڡ
ԨͣƬ̣˳㽫ͼһ첻첻⡣
ڻȪ֮ϣԨһ޴ޱȵĻʯͨɸߣɢŻ⣬Ԩ֮Ҫһɻԡ
Ԩּ佫ѹԭأϴһ˿Ц⡣
ȻҵԣǱúУοصʥһʯ
Ԩ˵ʯʵϻʯĻʥ̥ű֮ǰԪʼ̥ضã
ұŻʼԴԼһֻеŶ츳
λǻʼ棬֮飬δҲڶoĿɱ
ţǲ֮飬飬ټźӦǿѹסЩ޷Ļoδڣ
Ԩּ佫һӴޱȵĺ컯ʯ֮ڣư׳תĻʯһޱȵϹ⡣
뿪˻ɽԨαǽ˰ʮһز
һʮһزڣΧγ˴Ƭ
մȾԨһƵ۵ԣԣЮһԪʼɿ츫Ƭ
ڣɱһĳΪ
۵ͳ֮
ԨֽһֻƳΧĵ۵Դһڰʮһ֮ڿٰʮһ쾳Σһ쾳趨Ϊδͥڡ
ȵһӦ˳֮һϲ


740 壬
ҲǰԤĳЩoƿʲô뷨
δͥȻΪҪһ
ԨȻϣԼҲǶˣǧ磬أټ̵Ļo鲼硣
ǶoѰĻ飬һ򾡡
ǻܳʲôҪԶú֣ƿҲ̫ʧˡ

һλ״ӵ䣬Ԩδȥ̽á
һλ״ӸҲǡһ㡱
Ȼһ㡱ֻoֻǻۣǷ
λ״ӻδ֣ԨѾһʥʹ
δ£±ȻǵӰ

֮ڣصԨ뵽ͷ۵С
ʱ֮ڣû취ƿߵڶ֮ڣ
㻯ǧǧȻƿȨһݻԲһЩȴû취Ӵת̬нѶ
Żȶ֮Ⱦָɹŵݻɳ쾳ѹΪҪʱʱ̶ҡ
ͷٲƿߵѹơ
ԨƿߵڶԪ쾳ʱͬѹơ
Ԫһɣζƿ߶Ȩָʹ
߾ߣݻʱһȶ״̬õһ뿪ͳֱ仯Ҫʱ̹ע
Ԩ׷״̬
ھŻŵĸ֮·ҪͷʱԨϣʱܹλ档
Ԩκ֮˶á
ȻǷпǺϵ
Ԩȷпǹһŵͷ
ϵⲢ֮ǰǰϴľ磬ѡԴУ˼쾳ںϵٶȡ
ֻһʮա
֮ڣԨ˼Ƭ̣ʱͷ
̫ˣ
Դֺ룬ԪʼʥҲҪСӦ͸쾳ⱻԴȾУʱκһ⣬ʱ֮ڿ¶
Թź¶ĥ
Ԩֻܸ̾һ߽ʥֻǰʮƷʥʱһһģͷ
һ»ʥʼעõ֮ϡ

ڻ֮ڣԨչزʥʱ⣬Ҳڿݻ
ǬǷ֮зֻ񷣬Ǵأγɸ״Ǭأת
ɽԪ
ԨδԪʼȴÿһʱתˮߴʼ֮Ԫ
Ϊ֮Ԫʼ֮һ㼸ԨϱС
ŻᣬԨҲ۶ɵ硣
ⲢԨ࣬ǵԪ磬ԨѾ˸ЩΪࡣ
ΪԪʼ֮ȻҪڶ࿪ٷ֮ȥЩҲǻԪ֮
أ֮ΪС
ʼԴʼ棬֮ʥʣϻʣ΢ۣۣ֮ǿһֵۡ
һϲȨoŷĵۣ֮·ԲлλԪʼ֮һԪʼ̤Ԫ
ЩǿÿһλߣͬԨĵл۶һ֡
ճ
ݱУȳ֡
ݻĴ֮棬¶ǣ
ֺĹԡ
촿ź촿֮ȫֿվᡣ
ڵһ͵ĳһ죬Ȼ𶯣ȫһ𣬺Ȼײߣ߻ǣ˴˽գɣᡣ
顣
Ѿˣ
Ԩ翴˷ҵ񣬵δᡣ
ԪȻڱѹƵС
߻Ҳڶο٣Ĺ£Ԩȫûֹ
ֻ߻ײĽɱ£Ϊ촷ۣеԵʼ
ؿ֮£ͷҲΪؼһȻ쾳һƱԴУɲǼͷۣ췣Ȼǧɸߴ֮ϣʱ֮ڽ仯Ϊ̿
֮ڣԨĿƽһĻδ롣
鷴ɡ
һȥͨ콨ľ˵Ϊͨŵ
ʮһֲ췣׽֮Ԩתͷȥ
ͨ콨ľʱֻʣһڵ׮ﻹһ˿ֻܹ»ͻ֮٣ԨҲ޷ݡ
޷
ֻϣͨ콨ľһ١
һٹգ
Ԩݣܷʱ֮ڴҲʮҪ


741 ʮ
Ǻ췣ɢԨƬ̣ټ׮Ȼ棬ԨбһЩա
ͨ콨ľ˳ͨµķ
Ӧǳɹɹ˵һνѣ
ͨ콨ľؽ֮⣬˳Դ¸߲֮أ
ԨƲȥԴˣԨͨ콨ľżġ
ľԵͨ콨ľԣѵķ췣̺
Ԩջ⣬ʩչˮ硣
Ƭ岨󣬻ΪֶΣӹգüİ𽥵ԡ
֮ȪųƵˮԪ֡
ʱˣԪԨĲΪһƺƵؼĻֺӡ
ӹϴԪıӳʱȼ컯ؼԸӴ⡣
ˮ﷨űе־أѾ١

գ۰ʱת˲ȹ
ʱԣƺһ֮顣
֮ڣԨٴ˫һػֺ嫵۶Ӱ֣һһأԭأѾԲ
ڰֹӰ֣֮Ӱ죬һɻֺΰ춯ء
Ԩֻ˰ʱǳ֮Ԫ鴫С
֮Ԫ紴ţԨһԴľӪ˸˼·
ʮƷ۰ɫ̨֣ǱԨ˳Ϊһ
һż߳ɳǱ
Ȼһֱڲ֮ԪԨûԼҵƻ
µķ۰ɫʮƷ̨Ŀ֮£ٴһЩ仯ֻһֺ̨֮ƷҶһƬƬպϣ۰ɫ˵·̨У̨ǻΪһ
ʮƷ̨һ̬
Ԩ֮ΪԪʼ
˷ʮƷʥԿ̴ӵ¡
ܹתѶϢ֮
һǰδеĸ
ԨҲ񻰴˵źһܹ¼컯
λ棬ǾԴ磬Ҳδļܹ¼֮
֪ΣҲֻʿoܹ׽ֻƬץΪ
δ˵ļܹ¼֮
˵¼֮󣬻伮ʱʱϰʱʱζ
ԨĿԪʼ۵Щϲ
̬Ļʥǿ˲٣ݴ֮
ɱȵ꣬ݵҪǿĶࡣ
νǸе
д¼֮ܣ̤ԪӼֿԣ
ԪʼԺڣǶֶͬһҪģ͸ٶۿɼǿ
״Ԩ۽ǲ΢ϲ
ȻĳƻѾˡ
ڶҪ֮ͨܣһѹƵ
ԨԶɽɽͨ콨ľھ˰֮֮ƽڱƣľѹ˻֮һСڲԴѿӽ̿һ׮³
˻ĥ£ͨɢһܡ
Ԩ˸֮䣬ĻɽԪʼתΰΪϧӿ֮ڡ

仯޴λҲǧش
ʮһʱλı仯һЩ
УĳһݸУһΡɽ֮ϣΧبĹɽƽԭڶǿᣬԭʼĻֺ벿ϢЩƽԭϵӰȻԭʼĲ·ʽ
ֻȻԲķʽͳأнеʩһӦȫҸӵ
һƬϢ֮ء
һ
ʮλеһλ
һգƬƽԭϿȻѪתֺɷӿ˿ֲĴѡ
ڹϿգһΰޱߵΣһӰԪʼ֮⣬ز񷡣
һ̾㶼оһɿֲĵķ򣬸˾
Ԫʼֺ֮嫡
ϿգʮԪһţջΪʮ⣬ѭΡڣƬѪʧ١
ֺƵȻλͨߵע⡣
ֻҪϸ΢֮̽ʱȴƬϿգһԪתɲǱڶ̽Ŀ⡣
Чʵصo
ƼԪĻֺǵջ
ֻԼ²⣬ֵһλӵųԪʥʸĴʥ
ҪԪʥ˳ڡ
ֻһֻԪʥ˲ĲͬѰûиӦĻӦʮԪ³


742 ϵĵĸ֮·
Ҳܣ
һֺ֮ڣȻ۵΢һ˿֮ɫ
ʮԪ۵󣬷ʹ۲ķȻд
жĴʥǿʮԪӡһ壬ؾ˿ֲ̹
ʮԪһԿ϶
вӣֻǴʱԴ磬㲻Ҵ»Ԫʥ˲֡
λʥ˿ʵʵʥˣֻԪ޽ɡ
λʥĽ˭Ҳݳ
̹
лɬ㷨ţһ̣ݳء
Ѿ֤Ԫ˭Ҳ޷̹
̹Ԫʼ֮ǿӵſٵص˫ǻԪʥ˼Ҳѹơ
üͷŻƶ֮գҲţؼ侹ȻoܹȲ˼ΰҵ
ʣһΰҵȻߵ˴ʥļ㣬Ҫ֤
λ浮һλ̹ĻԪʥˣλԪʥٵѹʹˡ
ּĻԪʥ˱ȻҪǿԪʥˣܲ뵱ǰľ棬ڳκڽеҪͷ
ϧҲ֪ʮԪǿ
֪ǵѣ
ôģȻó˺ӡ
ʷüһ˿̾Ϣ֮ɫµ̫档
ķչԸ˵־ΪתƣΪʮóκĴƽȹ֮ʱȻֱ仯
ҼԪѡһô򵥣
Щ̾ʮ굱λΪʵһʱ䣡
ǵԨǰ㾪ž޵ʿλħֳһλԪʥĽߡ
Դ֤Ԫ޽ɵĲ֪ûУʱǳֻ֣Ǳ֦ڣ
ڷʸоЩͷ֮ʱջĹǸߴޱȵħϣħ࣬һ˫ħͫɨ۵˸Ũ׹⣬ŷŭ
ͬڷʣȼԿ϶Ĳ²⡣
һҵЩ£ŲʲôԭȻҪ֮£Ԫ飬ø棬棬Ȼȫ໤Ҳ̫ڲˣ
ħһеαۣ˫ҧгݣ޲ԷʮԪӡ
ʮԪӡѾ֤ͻԪħͳ壬
ǸС˵ʲôӳɹʮԪ
ȴħʼһǡ
ʮԪӡ̺ʮ׵ıԴԼȨǿеĲħҲʮԪ˵ڻͨΪ̹
ʮһڣȻụͻ
Ȼв⣬Ҷʺ޽֯ȴħǵһʱ֣
޵кù
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ţʱеͨߣֹ֤Ԫ
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ʮĿޣħڱֺϣ걻ǿ츫ն˵ĲħĻָҲָޣڻħѾ֤ıԵ
Ѿʱ֤

ʱǾ뿪Ĺ벽Ǹɱǣûطȥ

޴λ棬һЩħųķؼڶĴͨĿ㶼Ǿۼڹ﷢չʮӴС
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̹Ԫ
һڹǿЦտ

ⶼһϺصĹɣ
̨֮ϣһΡŮֳһϥֳ־޸ĺΣʱ⣬Ϊʮײħһײħΰ嫣ÿһִűԴȨӵܡ
˫ӦĿ⣬Ϊ׵컣˪ԼʮλŮ⣬۵΢ͷ
ԱߣĿ⸴ӵүԼݳȵĽϡ
ݺЦ˫УλɣнյУȫλĴߣռԪԴ
֤Եк񱨻λ
æңֻЦβס
չ¶̹ǿԸ֪ˣױȵĺ󣬿ȻԪʥˡ
λԪʥ˲ĵ£֤ԪôǼʼ
ϴʱУҲн֮ɫк£
̹Ѫصصת֮ܣδܹȫʮԪ鱾ԴֻѾǿгű
ĲһɲҪ̹֤Ԫһֱߵľĵĸ֮·
һйo󲻵ġ


743 ̹֮
֮Թλý񣺡̹֮ǱϲĻؽ¶֮У
Դ֮󣬹ɰתλҪԸ·Ҫ׼вЭнһִǧݱһ
Ҫͻñ֤ͻԪ֮󣡡
̨֮ϣ¡
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ѹ֮£Խ־
Կ϶̹ȻһЩͨߵĹעԪʥǡ
⣬Ȼޱȣȴħ϶֣ԷŹһɿĻᣬȻعĵϸ
ڹҲûлԪʥʱ˵˳ЧʵصoԱӻ
ֻҪֵ͵˳֤һжŤת
ڿοһ֮ϱ̤̹Ѫصڡ
ټ̹ѪصʱѾյһƬھ޵ڵʮѾȫʧ
Ѫ֮ڣֻһѪתЩѪ̹Ѫصʮբ¶
һ޴Ѫ븡
ЩѪ벼˻ֺĸɷЩֲɷ̫ĵ
ϾĿ¶һ˿ЦݣĻԪĸ֮·ȫҪЩѪϡ
ЩѪ붼׼룡
ÿһ׼붼һ塣
塣
Ǻųo
ÿһڶ̺̹Ѫ
ǰضĵȼ̹ѪصУǱǿǰʮѪ롣
ͨѪ·Ѫ·޽ŸɫĴꡣ
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Щص׼룬ݴʱû֮ǰɣЩأΪλͨߴѹ
ЩѹǱȻġ
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ģǰЩλĶλΪĸӦҪЩ巢ӳá
Ҫģ
ڵλ治ϹçеأǸʱδһʲô壬ܵõλϿɡ
ǲУһҪõλϿɣŶһ޶ãܹλܻżİһϯ֮ء
ҲҪλĹΪ磬Ԫ
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ʵڲãλΰתΪԪʥˣ
ϧˣȻߵǰͷô鷳飿
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Ȼƻеһ룬ΪȴħȻ
Ĺ֮󣬱Ȼؼزۣƻ裬õȺ䣬Դ˰ؿԴԴǿλԴ
˼·ڴ֮ϣ·ص֮ն־Ĵ󲿷
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ôˡ
ҪһµĶ塣
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ȻǳɹҲȻˣ
ǳɹˣǿϳɾͻԪδҲǱĻԪ
ĸ֮·һϣȻδɾͶܵɾ͵Ӱ졣
Ϊ̹ŮλԸΪĩ
鷳ĺܰ
ü֮ϴһ˿ɷ⣬һУ̹ѪصһֺѪǰ֣ǵѪγһ޴ѪУѪԴԴ¶ԡѪ룬ЩѪӽڳ죬Ѿ
̹Ѫصڵ֮ء
Ͻ֮Ϊ̹֮ġ
ںΰܹǣǿҲ̹ѪԴͷڡ
ʮ׾ǵ̹֮һ̹Լ̹žѪŵԴӱ߽ױԴo֮
ֻǴʱ̹֮治Ҳ޷ĵ;
һЩ뷨Ҳˡ
ƻеһ룬ðȻģ֪ҪõʱΪ׸
һɹ
ϳ˼УʱüһһѪתȻе̹֮ģȴϢ
üһ¶һ˿ɫٽϽ
һ񣬱һԳƴ񳯶ǰҪƷҪת
֮ϴʱЩЦݡ
񳯣ǲǶĴ
֮ЩȣͬʱЩ֣񳯵ʲôʱȵزҵڣ


744 ҵѳɵ
ѯʣʵݣ
ϸǵģĳЩͨߵֶΡ
ڿͨصעĶ
̹Ѫصǹ֮ء
ڹԶˣĵ̹Ѫصܷκ⡣
еĴ󲿷Ŀǰ̹Ѫصڡ
ݺЦ˵ģѾʵǴ񳯵ħ˾ħ۾
Ŷ𣿡
һơ
ʮͷλo֮һ
֮ͥ񹂣֮һ챾Դ񣬿ӿֳĴԹ
Ѿ֤̫ҵ
˵޵
ʮֲ
ţԴɹ
ɣ
ϻӻ֣ˮһлָϣׯ
ſڣƬ֮󣬱һλۣԵϵ۾̤죬˫һɷ׵ζֺȻ糤ӣ񷡣
ųȵѪ
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ϳһЩؼĴͨߣǷΪ׵Ķҩʦ𣬵زȼƹŷȵɽǿߡ
ͥ棬䵴ħۺͶꯣǾ򽻵
˷ţͥвٴеʥµǰ
ɽеλ޽ɣʦӵȹɡ
ֳرΧѹƻĹĲ籾ԴͼĹıԴ˴ﵽĿġ
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ʱൽˣ
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֪ʱ
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ۻԪʥģݳĻԪ֡
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Ҳ;
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ȻҪְлԪʥҪǿһЩҲǿޣǰ͸֧ˣδҪںϣԪʥģҪһʱ䡣
ȵԶ
Ԫʥ˶ŭʱɫ䣬һɿֲ춯صĻֺħԻĹ𣬿ֲʥϯҪȥɲ彩Ӳǿֲΰ£ͬеĶľۣͬʱᱻһ
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ڶɹȻҲʣ׷סĲעԲžڣϧǰѵõĻԵ컯
۹ĦԪ֤ǻԪʥ˶ѵõļ

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763 ĸ֤
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ո֤ԪҪһЩʱϤԪʥԼԪʥת绯Ϊʵ
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ϻտЩո壬Ϊ̤׼
ʥʱҲȽ⣬ʥǴ߹ģԺĽ֮ĳɵнУеǻ˴˾롣

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ԨֱӴʥѹħϣħȻ죬ħɲǰסѹبħڴ粻ħѡ


765 κ֣΢ʥ
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粳ʼܸϽ࣬˳һԪڲʮĴ˽ֻ֮󣬱Ǳɽ֡
ټǻֺԪʼʱԪ𺳣ʥͷҲ޷޷ֱ
ΣԨ˸ջ
˵ʵûܹȫ
ܹһԪʼѾʮֲˡ
֮ǰλԪǿ۵ҲֻзܹһԪʼĴ
۵֮粿һԨһ
ǻǳ
ǽԪȫɣͨ۵֮ϡ
粵ĺʤ֮ģԨֻЦЦҲЩջ
ʮʼ壬һֲ䣬䵽ԴС
̨£вٹǿһвջ񣬴ʱݾ㶼ǳУȫ۵á
ԨĵǰȺ򣬲δȥ
ʱ棬Ҫ粲֡
Ԩ˼ǵʥ֮¡
λʱȻȻ꣬磬ǽʱ¡
ʱ㹻¡
궨µĳסĽ٣סȻ۷塣
ԨҲһֱڹעʥı仯
鵮֮Щʥͥķ֮¿ٱܿ쳬ԽoΪʥǡ
֮Ҳĺ쳾
鲢һ壬ǰУڶԵ֮𣬱ͼʥ֮λͼ
ͥҲŸԵ뷨ѡ
ֵĺܹӱҲܴˣΪ֤Ԫɨƽϰ
ҴʱҲֵʥλʥ۷ʱչ֤֮ʱʧȥ˵ڣԷŴѾʥ
ԨҪıǴ¡
粴ʥ磬Ҫ粰ʥɻܻ
ǳΪѰһӪ
粵ĸڣҲԨԪʼȨļ̳Ρ
ֻǿ֮Ϊۣʱλ磬Ѿͨߵĵӡ
ݱʥ磬ҲΪһԪ
Ȼǰɻ٣ֹٵԲ̫ʧֻӳסĽѭεʱˡ
ȵ۵Ԩֱӵ⡣
ð档
˵ڤ˵Ԫ龹Ȼʥ縴ˣһ֤ԪıԵ
ǵǸϢħ֪֮ɫһʮֺÿ
Ԩݸ粵Ĺעе֡
곤ħڤӽڤ䣬˴Ѫǳɹ֤ٴȷἫΪʣ
ֱˬ˴𸴣ҪͺôܲӦӦˣ


794 ɺԲ
ʥ磬ͥڲ֮ϣ
λʱչУĿǰִͥȨֻͥ۾չҲаꡣ
겻ȥ𽥳ΪµĹӰѾ
ѾǿoŴ̽ͥĵߣ̽۾Ϣ
дͥ۾Ѿ뿪ʥ硣
ɺ
ѪڿգһѪѪɫ˵ᣬ·Ѫа裬Уıֻа
Ѫɱ¾
ѪĹʮּ򵥣ֻҪܹΪʥɱ٣ܻѪ׵
Щ꣬ʥССĴ¼УѪӰС
ףҵ֮ҵΪβһҵ֪ɣͥνһײȥᣬ˵ͻףʱʵǣҪɺѪ֮ϣ
ɺʱа۷׷ףȺӿ
һѪа壬ŬѪס
̧ͷȴɺ֮ϣһź۵ӰһӣһѪϯɲǱ㽫ЩѪаߣһĻʱа
Ըoֶ˱ϣǲ֪ν
Ѫϣoᣬ۵״ɭȻЦ
Ҳʲô뷨Ҳǵ׺ķᣬɺͥΪҪһ֣δҲǣ
ⱾȰĳЩoǱһЩҪޣɺo¿ңǱɺѪֻ֪³
Ѫ۵ײκɱֻɨѪаͷ⡣
λװδΪǰǳ֮ս֮һĵֻԽ£
Ѫǰ֮ǰ㶼Ȱ˵ʮ˲Ѫһ治
ǶǺѪ׵ĵ·
ɱ¾֮
Ϊͥ۾Ѫ׶ԣţǰȥߣתɺְܡ
ѪҲѾ˻ԪʥĹؿ֮ǰ
ǰ͵ˣһֱڻۡ
Ѫ׶ԣΪҪǰǰĻԪʥһнԻԪʥΪĿ꣬鶼ҪΪò
̨֮ϣѪ׻ӻ֣Ѫɢȥ
ԭؽѪһˣѪɫ˫ƳһʥӴС
Ǻ̫֮ɷ棬Ǳʳʣʵʣڼʶλͥ۾֮Ǿͥ۾λõ뷨
û֮Ԫʥǿ߿գͥ۾ͨԪʥϻ֮
Ѫ׾λͥ۾׳¡
Ѫ׿ЩŬQֻͥ۾еĽѢ֮
̽෽ӣ
ɺʮ˲ûѪײЩƨ飬ȫעɱ¾֮ϡ
ЩȻһֱû͸ʥĻۣҲɱ¾ǿл۵һ
Ѫܹ֪֤֮ڣܾͻ֣
Ĺͷײûһô顣
ɺҪһƾµУӰ֤
ڲȷλͥ۾֮ǰȾλͥ۾ܵκһɺƵ˼Ϊ
ʱѪȻһ䣬˫Ѫɫâչ¶һʮƷѪ֣ѪΪɺ࣬ʱ޶֮ʮƷѪȻ鲼ϸϹ⣬һƵųǽȫѹơ
Ѫ𺧵ķ֣ɺһ̾Ȼʧˡ
ָо뵱걻ȡɺԴһ޶ŭͬʱŭ߳㣬ɱɲǸ
ͷʱȴһ͸մ
Ѫȱĸӽ
ʲôˣ
Ѫݳоһɾ޴ѹ
ѹ֮£γԪ
Ѫ𶯡
Ԫʥǿߣ
˱Ȼһɾ˻Ԫʥǿߡ
ʥͥ۾ɲ޵ڶλԪʥǿߣһǿʥ
һܹˣ
һӰƿնڴеȻһЦֻ˫Ѫϣ۵״һ˿֮ɫ
Ԫ֮Ѫ׺ħڤӽ·֮
ԤЩһ
Ϊɱ¾ĴʥǿߣѪʵȫ˳ˮۣӦЩѪаǱҪ󣬲߻һϯʥɱ٣Դ˳Ѷ
ͥ۾뿪ʥĹͷǼѵĻᡣ
Ѫдһ˿ЦҲǳħĵˣ

ᵽ䣬Ѫ˫ͫ׽ۿڸֳѪɫ
ȻԪתڤӽһУѪײ֡


795 
ħֻǴǧһλħħɣڤӽʣ
ڤӽһȽ䵱ħļߡ
Ȼĸħķ޳ֵ˼£ڳУȫ̲Ļҵλڤӽ˰㣬ް
һѪƳһ۲֮ϣѪ׵Ķ۵ɫһţЦòˣûдλͥ۾Ѱ뱾֣֮֮츳Ǳˣβ뱾£Դɵ֮
ݵĮЦֻһ˫Ѫס
ȻԨִʥ磬ʥĴ֮󣬵һʱǰɺλڤӽ
Ѫڴ˽Źۻ粿֤ԪʥǱ
ǿԲΪá
λĳħħŶԹ
Ѫͷȴ˵ƾͥ۾оȻͬΪԪʥǿߣֻҲδܹѹͥ۾
һЦǻԪʥ𣬽ԣѵ𣿡
۵ɨλħа֮ף۵˸ζ
ѪסǰλİԪʥǿ߿лǼ٣ͷƫš
ʥӴޱȣ޴󣬿νͥ۾Ľ
׵ض֮Ϊͥ۾Ԫʥǿʥ硣
Էö֮ɺǿԷԣͥ۾Ѿˣ
²ܺ
ͥ۾Ѿ䣬ô֮ǰ̬ȱдȶ
úúÿһĴ
ѪʳΪע⣺ʥԣ豾ɵ֮Ǻ⣿
粰ЦλѪ׹ȻϹˡ
ܼ򵥣Ҵһ컯һ컯ȱһٻԪʥΪʥĻԪʥˣ
컯ܹ֤Ԫ
ѪΪɣ˫ôš
Ϊڤӽ棬Ѫ˵Ԫʥ˺ͻԪ޽ɵֻγɾͻԪʥ˺ͻԪ޽һ֪
ϢΪ
ҲڤӽûмλͨеӸҺ
֮ǰڤӽҲûӵһѡ
˵Ķ
Ҳ⣬ֱӽڻԪʥİһһ
ɾͻԪʥ˵ĹؼڻԴ컯Դ˲ȫ̤Ԫʥ磡
ȻԴ˷ɾͻǷһδ֮Ȼǰ;ΪҪȻܹٻԪʥ
̤ԪʥǰٻԪκoԸĥ֮࣡
£̧һץֳһޱȵ컯
컯֣ʱѪ𶯣üɱ¾΢΢Ϊȫ֤ͻԪʥĻǰ
Ѫ׵״ʱ쳣ɬ
Ѫɫ۵׵һЦ֪ѪѾ޷ܾҪ
֮С
δ֤֮ǰüĹЧδܹסջ󣬼ᶨġ
Ȼ
Ԩ
ܹ
Ȼÿһֶûˮ֡
컯ʮֿ̡
Ψħƣ仯֮ʱл֮۶
ԨΪͥ۾Щִʥͥתƣֽܻ췱ųɹ컯
컯ֵǷ
ǿѪףδػһѪס
ȻҲ˵Ѫ֤ԪǱ
ǻһλʥǿߣ֤Եӵ컯Ҳ֤֮
Ѫ˼ãվǴӦҲһΪԸʥܹƴ˽飬ʥӦһ㣬ԸΪʥɴҵ
粲֮󣬱ֱӺЦӦ£Ŀֻƿʥ磬ʥ£
ĵװԹŹ֡
ʲôʱλλɱ¾ڤӽ棬Ȼа
Ԫؾۺ仯֮
Ѫ׵ͷ
֮£һӣ۵컯⳯Ѫ׷ɲѪüɱ¾֮ϣһʱüʱӿѪ׵ͷ
𽥶һƻԪ
ֻı仯ͷЩصѪ׶ʱϲ
ЩЦ⡣
ʵԨָ㣬ǰλѪ׾ǲ컯һʱҲϣ̤Ԫʥ
׬Ѫ֮Ŀɨգ׼Ϊ컯Ѱ


796 Ȫ֮Ӱ
λʥˣ
ȥ֮ɺڣѪ΢仯Ժչ˵Ӱ
вδһŮ
ѪԺеļ䣬ŶԷλ浮ĻԪ޽ɣܻô֪ͳħĶԹϸڡ
Ѫڤӽļ䣬Ƭһ۵ĻԺ֡
ԣǶʱֳһ״һλѪĳλѪo֮Ǳʣ˲죬Ǹ͵ʣйأ
̺ź컯ʿȡܹ֮ɱǶoҲΪ
Ƕʱ仹˲СĹעòλʥ˰ɣ
ڤӽλoйһ֮Ե
ӦλŮأԳܵڶ졣
΢޷ӡ
ͷĳ壬ðŮڤӽ浱ȻˣδҴΪĵλУһλoʲôoûмΪʣ
λ챾Դ
ϸȻû֤ݣӰأԳ֣ռѪ׵ԪֱС
Ѫ׻˻Դֲ²Ѿԡ
ҪǣͶԷһϵơ
ѪײڣΪԼ˽Ϊͥõѡ
Ѫ±Ŀɺ֮ϣʼʥ
Ԫʥʣһʥ¶ڻۡ
ײʮԣֻɺֻ֪ǴʱѪ׵һʱɺ
ϸ΢Ķ˲
˳֮ϣӻʣӻǶ裬һζ֮һܵһĪĴ̼΢
֮ڣһԻͣ嫵ʥ
ʱ
ͥһλʺʵĵڡ
Ϲ֮սóΰλ۷䣬٣Ӧ˵˲λ˱Դoʱһλ
λĴ֤֮ʱ⣬ԴأͥҲŲСͷ
Уڵӣֻӱӿӿھһؾ˵ۣϸȥá
ȴо
׷˺£Ϊλֱ仯
룬ּһսƬ˳ӦһŨ˱Դ𵴣һɫ⻯նںǰΡ
磬Ӧʲô
Ի仯ʮֹŹ֡
һ磬䱥ʫ飬ȴʼɽֻǲƽ˫ͬҹеǳºͶʧ
Ȫʡ
걻Ԩնɱߴ۷֮һ
һսУΪԨĥԴֻһЮ֮Ӷ٣ʱѾؾ۴֮
󲿷ֵлָֻǵȻ޷ĥ
ʲҵæԼ󽲳λʦ֪Ȫͥ۾У֮޷ᡣ
ҲȪʿĽ
УȪѾЩ仯۵״һ֪ĶǳϤǿƶ˼̤Ԫʥ
Ԫʥ
һ䡣
Ȫͷ֪ĶΪʦҲ֪Ψһһξֻλͥ۾֤ͻԪʥ
ݴ̾ͷ޿ɬ
δնûλͥ۾˵ôʱҲл̤Ԫʥ
ӦѪˣؼֻԪʥ
ǲö룬ȪֱӽĿɺ֮ϡ
˵ǰӽԪʥʴڣʣԼڰеʡ
ʥΪͥһͳ䣬ӴܣҲնϵ;δϡ
ʦҵԴ
ЩС
ȪףҡҡͷԲӦ䣬ҾǺδܹѪף
Ǳѷɫ뵱ңðգֻҪУδδû֤һ죡
ȪʰźʣͷΡ
˴֮ϵĻԶԶں֮ϣ类ͥ۾ն˻Ԫ;
˱ԴĹǱȲһЩ󱲡
ȪЩʲ࣬ܿúʣ
ʱʱʱȻȴ֮һԲ񷽵١
أ£ʱеλԴһȻԻ
ݵĮƳ·λʣȪʡ
λʶϣʱλѱƽ
㵱ͥ۾ӹһ٣


797 ʦͽТ
ʥѹϯλֳ۷ȫź⣬ֲͬӣֻѹ֮£޷
ӭǵɢŻԪʥԵӰ̨֮£ʱᱻ˺ϡ
ǿֲĻԪʥλ۷𺧡
ǻԪʥ
ʥͥ۾λԪʥ֮⣬ȻеڶλԪʥǿߡ
ôˣǺ֣
ݵȻƲûеһʱԺʺȪʳֵĴ㡣
Ȫ۵׵𺧻ССȪʥ𣡡
ʥкηԸ
ʥ𣡲֪ʥǺηʥʥҪһҼҵ۾
Ҳ£΢΢֡
ǣпɲҪһҵ۾ҵ۾δؼţҪ
ƳһȪʣĿںϡ
λ۷ԸͷһֻǶԷǻԪʥˣȫ޷ܾ
λ۷ʲЩλʧͥ۾
ƶλ۷ͷ˼ʥ粼ı˵ʱûǼҵ۾ڷˣ
УʺȪһ䡣
粵ȻЦδλ۷ʵɫҲؽţɲʲôҲǸʲô뷨ֻҪ֪һ𰸣
Ȫʵ뷨粲ÿȥôͨݣ֪֣޷Ҫúƿ˱Դ
߸ɴཫƵǰ̨
ֻЩ֣ȫ⡣
ǰλ˻ֺ룬˱Դֵϣ
磬ΪͥΪ۷ʣδͬϣƿ˳ӱԴ֤ͻԪ֪Ը뱾£Դɵ֮
£ԱߵȪȻһ䣬ͬʱһ˫Щʧ̬޳ϸָ
֡
иֳ컯䷳ٴν컯һһ
粽ںϣѡͥ۷֮ѡڶλԪʥˡ
ֱ֮Թʣʣʳʵ۷ʣ粲󿴺Щ۷ʡ
һ档
һִ˴ĻԪʥˣԿĳɳܰ
ҲoĹթžԵѹסԷ
Ʋס治ǻԨλƿߣзó֮
ԭɲЩ͡
Ȫһ˫ӸǻȻںϡ
΢ɬĿһǵɢâƬ̿ƿ⡣
ǰԪʥˣɾͻԪ޽ɣ
ЩɬȻ
ü΢һ־С
ô˵Ǿܾһˣ
ʺȪʶһۣ˫ƽʱȫû֮ǰľη
ѪײһȪʡ
ȪأǧǺԪʥ˺ͻԪ޽ɵ
ʸѡʲô
ڵ;ѡϣԸıġ
ǰ£
粵ͷЩϧ֮ɫ۵׵͸Ũֻͻһ˿Ī֮ɫ
ת˲Ȫϣգգ۾Ƭ̡
ȪȴǸоĳֿµĺ⡣
֪ǰλԪʥ˿Ѿɱ
ҲȷûԪʥۺ
̣֮飬֮ΪӱԴ֮ȫһλ˱ԴʣֱǴ
ȪʸǸоλԪʥܶĳֳɼ
Ժʵĸо
ϣȴλԪʥˣǿˣȻԸǾͰˣ
λԪʥϸҲʮϧţλ۷ͷ˿ֻǽĻȴúͷȪʴϲ
ȪҲ˱ԴԸΪԪʥˣ˳ӣѹʥʱգ
ͬ鵭Įӱģܺã͡
͹ͣϲĴͷ
ȪҲһѡ
ȪǸˣܹشӦø׻ݼţû̫ԵĻᡣ
Ȼϡ
ȪһæֵȪȻ޶ۣȴҲԸΪʥЧ
Ҳýʥ֪СԴܵˣδȬҲͻΣѾʧ֧ţ֤Ṽʥ
һЦ׶
֮ˣԱԣֻСһ׮ʧ˵С£гһˣδֻˣ
ݺЦͬʱƳһԱ߷ĺʣּһ컯Ȫü
ִͬӣȻȪѾˣԨµһֵ۾Ȫʶɽ𣬲⡣
ʦͽ̨ͬʦͽТʱһ˼
ӵֵ֧ȪʣյԴδѹƺʣټȪʵֶΣ粲úʲôʤϣ
ԴΪoѹʧĽ֣Զ
Ǹ״ȻԪʥԵ
ҲѹȪϺҲȲĴӦ
˳ʦͽд֮
ֻһ֮ǰǰԶһ;ϾԲܹгദ


798 Ѫ֤
Ľ֣λ۷һѿһƽдϲʦͽ˺ôТ
粲ʦͽ˷ĿΪֻݸϷ롣
ҪǶʱ֮ƿʥ֡
ΪԪ޽ɣδƿ֮·κһλԪ޽ִһ籾ԴмĿɲٿء
΢жܻüô׷ЩʥҲ嶤飡
ܹ棬ÿķӡ
ЩԪ޽ܹһƴըЧ
ЩԪ޽ɣһѺƴϡá
ԲǺߡ
粽ѡ˵λԪʥˡ
ѡ˶Ŀ֮󶼲⣬ֻܽĿڴ޾֮¡
λѡ߾ûǰλĺˣ粻׼۲һʱ䣬ĿǰֻǱѡ
½𵺣
𵺣ΧŨĻ֮ΪѳʥֵĶ츣أ𵺼ʥප츣صУȻǰС
ˣ
֮ʱһƣĹ
һɻֺ룬ΰʼۣ̺صıԴΰ
Χһʥɱʼա
ʥۣڵɱ֣ǿҲоһΣ
΢ʥ۵鱦Ϊ
Ϊ졣
֮䣬ȡһ٣
ڻɫԪʼһʥΰ֣ɲڼɻֺһͣԪʼٷ䣬ɲж
Ƭ̣ڻɫٳϴһУΪȻڡ
۵¶һ˿Ȥ֮ɫ
ڽʥ֮ǰԨἰʥһ־
ʥ磬˻û֮˼Ϊ
صϵսսĺ𱮡
鱦
صսսսĶ鱦
н֮Ǳܡ
ڽʥԨ˶չʾʹãɽһƿʥ籾Դ
ǰػɢ¶Ρ룬ۻع⡣
һʯ۵ɽƣճγͨ͸ͷҫĿش׹䣬ȴԵҫһƬɹ
ɽͼ䣬żԸ֪һⲨš
ҩŵĵ⡣
ЩζƬɵ󷨵Уͬ鶯ޣޣΣƬɹ̫ڼžȱʧ
ȷһϼѵ֮أ
粷¶һ˿˿Ц⣬ΪĻΧ֧һ֧ЩΪģΧγһ޴鵺
Щ鵺ÿԹס
粵ʼУûеһʱǰͥ
ڵȴʱ
һǽһʱŻ跨롣
ĲλԪ޽ɣѶȼ
ϾһǿԴ硣
֮⣬ڿйʥĶλ
ڽʥ֮ʥÿʥδĶλûһõĵλʥݻδ΢
κһλԪ޽ɶ
ͷһļƻ
Ĺ۲죬ɷչȻԲݵĿռǲõȫΪһԴӮþ޴ķչռ䡣
Ʃʿ֯ݺᣬ󲿷ֶǶȻһִͨôǴĲƩ罨ڹգ統УȫͬԴá
ȱһȶƽ̨
ڽʥĵһʱ䣬ڿһʥ֮粱һ뷨ʥһת֮ء
Ϊת֮أҲΪһִͨߵ֮أɲ罻ףȵȨ
ͷĹؼ̹Ѫص
̹ѪصΪ̹ĵְܳ컯תա
Ľ̹Ѫصתյ
ħ籾ԴŪ
ܵ컯ʥδܹΪλǰϽ磬δǰ̱ȻҪԶԶԽһЩѰԴ硣
ǶҲž޴ĺô
ʥ˽رԴλԪ޽ɣɽʥһرԴ
¡¡
˼ת֮صļƻʱȻʥ֮֡
Ѫ⻪ȻɺѪ񷣬ɱ¾
ɺϿգǰδеĳ˺ںɫѩѩƮںɱƬѪƵС
֮ϣƳʥϿյ۽Ǹֳһ˿ӯӯЦ⡣
ǧʱȥѪ֤Ԫ


799 ԨĴ
ʥУԭɱڴʱɱһӿɺ
ʮ˲ɺаܵɱ¾֮Ӱ죬ʼɱ¾
ֻĿһĻʮλɺĻoǵŭϲ
ǰס֮ɫǵֹаɱ¾߶طЩoɱ¾ؼɱ¾֮ںһ׶а߽⣬Ԫɱ¾֮һɱ¾ԴΪ⳯ѪԴɺۡ
һɺаȫ˳
аɺһɱУϤΪƷΪѪ֤ڡ
ɺ룬ѪϹɱ¾޼ɵɢ
üһŻԪʥ˿ȻѾԲʥΣΪһöԪ
ѪѾͻ˻Ԫʥ˵Ľޡ
Ѫ˫иֳŨϲɫֻɨɺѪ۵ɭȻɱ֡
ѪӰаoڻɱ¾һǿ֮аʼ¶Ȼ־֮ɫ
һЩǿҪ˺գ뿪ɺ
Ϊʥɱ¾ʥˣִʥɱ¾ԴԵױԴΪɱ¾֮
ôãɣ
Ѫ״һץʱƬƬаһΪոɱ¾Դ۶ۻԪԪ
ִɺɺЩ켣ɺȾɺԴаһͷͷϤΪ׼
Ȼλʼնδϴȥ
УһĻ΢һ˿ƽκ⡣
۵һ˿͡
ѪһεıʮƯ
λѪ׺ɱ¾֮ȻҪһʮյĵ·ɱ¾̫֤֮ʱܵ㣬ؽ췣
ɱ¾Ϊյһء
Ϊؾһ֣ɱ¾ˡ
һ֮ϣѪ״ʱĲѾȫ¶˳
ɺؼа񣬶񣬱ǽɢ췣ǰ֡
Ща񣬶ɱ¾ıԴĻۣԶء
֤֮ʱЩаһ׼̶ܹɣܴɱ¾ԴһƻԪԪ񣬿νһá
ҲʥвԪʥ
粻ջĿ⣬Ѫ֤ɹԣֻкôûл
Ѫ֤Ԫʥˣʥ絮һλʥˣ粸֪ڤڤһɻֺս٣ɳγرԴΪݡ
ǽ̻һʥˣʥķ
ҲʵʵڵȨ
Ԫͨ
λʥǿɳתת֮صȨܣ
ļƻۡ
ƾһλԪ޽ɣδܹӴļƻܶλʥıʥˣƻԱ

ʱɺѪ֮ϵĺҲʥע⡣
ʥΪ֮Ŀ
ʶģһƵ뷨
Ѫ֤ʥˣ
Ͱǰͥ۾֤ͬС죬Ȼûǰ£ҲԪʼҫǺȵ󣬵ɢĺʥϣȴʵʵġ
ޱɱ¾֮Ϊɱ¾ѪҲմȾɱ¾֮ӰԪӰС
ʱδɺеľǿầȻѡ
ʱɺѪʮ˲㣬󲿷Ѿˣֻٲɺаѣδ䡣
Ҳʮһ
ϤΪѪɱ¾ۡ
ֻȻʥ۷𺳲ѡ
ͥ۾۷ʳɹ֤ͻԪʥ
۷ʼɵηͬʱĽԼΡ
Ѫܹ˳֤δȻҲϣ
ͨУҲ˸еɡ
ͥ۾ѾչذδѪ֤ͻԪʥδǷͥ۾Ѿ״ⲻһǿ뷨
䱾Ǽͥ۾֮λλ۷ʡ


֮УʥرԴ仯֮ʱ֮ڵԨ˫۵׵ӳһֺֻбʥһֱ仯
ڤ֤ˣҪö࣡
Ԩ˫иֳһ˿˼֮ɫ
Ȼδʥڣƾʥ罨ҲܹӰ쵽ʥһ
ʥҲ棡
ΪִԪʼȨĻԪoγ磬ֻҪصĴƣô׳
ʥ磬硣
ڤ֤ԣڱס
Ҫת֮صļƻҲû۾
ʮֵ֧ġ
ֻҪɴ£粶ԣԾʮǿͷ˵ûҪһ֮
Ԩĵһֻħӡ
ҲʮֿأʥǱܽһѻԪʥҲŲСİ


800 
ֻһ̻ת統С

׶Χռвս̣һַ岿岿䣬ȵ
һ壬칬o
Щս̻ۣΪһսԴͶӰС
ֳ嫵
սԴ֮·ְֻʱ˳ѡս
սˮ𣬻˪ѩ׵ȵȻֺȻԴ
ջΪһֺ״̬
Ǳ۵̹淨ࡣ
ߵĵ;ƣһ̹һ̹ŷԪ
ֻѡ˴̹֮Ĵࡣ
رԴΰ̹淨ҵѾеһ˼ľأֻһֱ޷۳Σ̤Ԫʥ
ˣ߸ɴֻȱһ
츫˫г档
ӵ˰Դ磬ȴǣһֱڻԪʥ֮ǰʮֿա
λĶ͸һЩˣһ
ʱλ½λԪǿ֣߳ϢҲѾ׵Ķ
Щͨ߶ԣ
նɱ֮£ЩС֪Ǹ
γɾ֮ޣѵҪЧٵأ
Ѿֹһ룬ֱ·̫ڼļʺܴ
ʱһֻһ̻ת
ֽһϢӿͷ
Эʥ˴ת֮أ
ΪüͷϢλ΢ʥ˴
ͷΪת˲Ӧ
λʥͬΪʼ֮ҲۣܹЭԷⷬҵܹͨͨԪʥ
һУٻǰ
ΪһʵϵףźԴȻʸõת֮ص볡ȯΪеĹ

칬칬֮۾Ҳûţ΢磬칬λ΢С
ѹ˻ġ
һ칬ֻ֮֮ǰ΢ңƬ˲©۾Ҳ˻ⷽ硣
´΢ľ֮⣬ɷϣ֮ΧƵɢˮԪ
һӡ
ԪУˮ鱾Դȹ֮̾ˮ칬һöˮۣˮ֮۹ͬԪѭһ֡
ΪһԴѭ֮һ
ѭΣȹ̴ıԴɳ
˻۾һչλȹȨ
۾ҲС
粻һ칬֮յرԴʵޣȨᶼ·硣
۾ǹһοӣŻѹУȡһ칬Ȩ
ˮԪѭΣ칬ɽ˽һˮԪȨռȨǿֻҪۼӪ֮ȴԶԶѷɫ۰
۾֪Ȩһۣ϶ʱ¶СЦݣ״ѹȸҲ˲١
ʱͷȴһϼϹƿնɲǰһϢΪƿء
ʥҪʥ罨һת֮أʥѵһȫµԴ磬һԴΪת֮أôֱʣ
鿴еϢ۾𶯣˫и¶һ˿˿ɫΪ칬֮Ĳ̲صĻᡣ
룬ȻҪμУ
۾˾ϣӶƶľ죬ٻǰ顣

칬Ϊ֮ͥİʱҲܵԨĴѶ
Ȼǵ洫ѶͥȻҲҪУˣ
ҲڵһʱȺת֮ؼƻĿԡ

κ磬ֳκͥҲܵڤڤдѶϢ
˼Ƭ̣ʹͷ顣
ת֮سζʲôڶͨˣ̺棬ǻԪǿҲ޷ӡ

΢ʥ˵˼Ҫҵʥһ֮
ƶ֮ڣԯ׵λʥҲյѶλʥʶԴ¶ʮָȤ
ǻԪǿἰ£Ǿ⣬Ϊת֮صĽ漰̫棬ǵλԪǿҲסе¸ԳС
΢ʥԸ֣һɹĻᡣ
ƶȻܴ綼ܵӰĴ¼
Ȼǰ΢֣


801 Ԫʼ
λ浱Уǻƶһ΢һϵΪеͥʴ𣬾ĵظʵصoɹŮһֱе鱦յԨĴѶ
λԪǿߣԴ˲Ũ¡
ת֮һͣδλؽλϽ磡
Ҳһ־޴ĳɾ͡
칬Ůںͷ飬ѷʵ
΢Ϊƿߣеȷǿֻת֮زطʱؽڶ統еĹħע⣬Щħɶǣ
в絮Ľɴڣǲǿ߶ռһݾ޴ĺô
ݵ쳣ƽΪЦ㲻ǣʱɲһƿߣϻֲ̨Ҳʶ˴֣ΪߣҲˣ
˼ֲʮƷ̨Ůףвп
˵磬ʶҲǰδ
λԪǿҲȤֻǷʴ󲿷ڿκ֮ϣѲֻ֮ŮΪϵ

ʥУڲʥ籾Դ̹͸̹Ѫصΰܿӹܵѩһ뺯һִͨ߸ֱӱԸһ֮ת֮صĿ٣Ҫת֮ػһȨԼȨ
ôЩϢͨ
ɨһżеݹŹ֣뵽Ԩ۵ЩȻ
ת˲һ
ЩżеĸɫҲͰˣ¶֧ζȴȻ˲٣
Ԫǿߣߴǧ֧֣֮¿ڡ
ȻǾͰ࣬ȴʥڶλԪʥ˳֡
ʥٵóλϻԪʥ֧ţźɽĸ졣
ļƻ̹Ѫصʥ籾Դ룬ʥ֮ڡ
̹Ѫصһγɶصع򣬴ʥγɫתţɴơ
ٲ˺ʥرԴ֧ţ

УԨֺУԪͷ鼰磬תһԪʼ컯𻨲ϴԪʼʥ塣
ʥһת䣬κı仯һһӳʥС
Ԩܶࡣ
̹Ѫص͸֮ܵȷޱȣУֻйɽͼԼıԴܱһ
ԨͶӰ̹Ѫصϣʥ籾ԴѹʥرԴʼʥ籾Դʥ羧ϵʱձϡ
ԭգԳʥŻ𽥱򿪣γӦŻյŻ
ЩŻʱرš
Ѫصвٿء
ֲٿȻǲɿصģҪԭʥ̫ڻֺ꣬ĿǰʥյıԴԳʥߵķɡ
ΪҪ㻯Ԫʥˣܻʥ㹻ıԴȨע
̹ѪصҲܸһ͸ʥ硣
ڣԨȥһѶϢ۰档
ıԴ̺żǿҲת֮ص˳糵
Ԩּٴһʱգѭʧ
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Ԩһֲı֮һȻƬͻأĴ¶״̬
ݼΣ
籡Ļ羧ϵҲһͻȻһ뱾Դգӻ羧ϵΧɢʼȡʵĻԪ
ڶͽˣ
У־޴仯ԨĸӦ˵ת仯
ԴӻԪо翪Ԫۣȼ֮
ԴһҲʼ˱ǡ
ΪƿߣԨ־޴仯У漫
⸡ֳݱڵ֮ɢΪڻͨ
ĴۣĳһƬԪʼתΪ޴У֡
Ԩиֳһ˿Ө֮⡣
ԪʼȨһٴһ֡
ԪʼһȻʼ漰֮ĴԴ
֮ǰ̫עԪʼȨԪʼ⣡
ԨҲЩ⣬ĻǻȻ
ԪʼΪ֮һԪʼǾͲӦð޿١
һ֣ǻսֽҲһ֡
Ԩǰ뷨Щ
䣬ԨԼЩ仯
պԨʥռգڶԻı仯糯һ磬ЩӣڱһǣżĹĲ磬㶼ʥи֡
ƬڰԴڰӿڳ֮۵ʼ汾ԴҪֲرΪֳ
ȻɻֺأԳ֣ͬţ뺣ϤΪɡ
ΨԪʼ
ƺƵָʮ


802 ڶͣ
ת򷽡
Ԩ֮п٣ս֮ܡ
Ԫʼи֣սữΪһɺ嫵ϡ
ɺ嫵Ѿ𽥳
ڴ͵ǵ˫ش£ɱˣ
ԨԸоԪԪԪ
һжǵɱĸӱ仯
Ԩ֮Щܹ̾ĸӦеĿ
ڵڶ֮ǰǵɱ֮ĵ˵ܹԴɱ䡣
ȥɱ伸Σܹܿʥż
Ԩд˿˿ֹסĻϲɫ
ͨ߶ԣ֤ͻԪǱԸ
ôڻԪǿ߶ԣͬˮл£
ǳɾΨһҲֵһЩԪʥı١
ΪƿߣһԨԣ֮ʣˣΪԪʼ֮ҲҪϰٸͣܽӽڵ״̬
֮֮Ƭֱɢ»ָƽ
ڵڶ͵֮ȴ½仯
Ԫҳ״̬˼걾Դ
ȫͬԡ
һֶ츣ȿʼ
ŰշĵһͱºͣԵĻþȡ
飬ȫµoʼᡣ
ڶ̥ҪԶԶǿһ͡
֮ڣԨһȥɼǵ㣬ʼ׺շ׵硣
֮ͬǰ
ڶoֻ࣬Ǿ͸Ŷԣ󲿷oҪһΡ
ڶ͵ĻȻҪһͣڼ׿ĵһȷԣȡ컯ζǸǵ̶ԶԶǿûo
ֻǵڶУȻһΪǿıԴo
Ʃ棬Ϊһ֮ԴԪһ
ĵһ궥
һ羣
Ԩ糤һöΣҲһԣӵ˳Ϊ챾Դoĵ̡
ؼһض޼Դ֮顣
޴仯У룬񣬹Ҳûţȫȡӿ̺컯֮ܲȫȱݣȴѾһӴħһ̶ȣ뻯Ѿָտɴ
Կ϶Ǳضܹڶ͵ܻг
ħԣԽԽռˡ
֮ⷽռͷ
һ֮飬ɷ֮飬֮飬컯ֽ֮Ҳ½ѵԪ鱾Դ䣬׷ϡ
ֻǾԪٶȵ˲٣Ҫ̥챾ԴٶѾһ
Ƽƣ֮ڣԨоһ硣
ǰпܵһλԪʥˡ
ұȻһλε챾ԴoС
֮ϣ󣡡
Ԩ˫иֳһ˿ɫ֮ȻܹһֱŽһģܳλϻԪʥˡ
λλԶʱϣ̤ԪĴڣڶְס˵ʱˣԵȷҪǿ챾Դo
ԨֻΪһۣʱ⡣
ֻҪıԪʥˣܻģԨǵֹпܹؼʱ̻Ըָ㣬컯
Ԩǵ͵ܻ
ܻ򽫻Ķλϵ
λ粶ʥĶλתһת֮أ˻컯ǿʥĵ̣δҲתΪһϽ硣
ԨȻҲϣΪλһϽ硣
Ȼ磬ĿǰֻλһϽ磬ݻΪϽ磬ؽԴĳڡ
ĶλԨԺһֱһĶλͣȫƶ¡
һ飬ԨҲ仮³֮ڡ
ǾѰԪʼӡһμߣ
Եɱ䣬ԪʼȲԲԨʶδı¡
̤⣬ΨһԲ档
˵ǳѾεʥΰѲҪΨһ˶Ȩ
Ψһֲҡ
ΨٵߣһȨܳװ⡣
ΪΨһԪʼȨ쳣ǿԪʼӡУųӵŲʥΰԨԣʧ֮ѾҪ
ԨĿλʥ֮䣬һĿǰֻλʥ֮ѡ


803 ĻԵ
ѡĿǰࡣ
Ԫʼǿ쳣ҪɾԪʼȻҪ쳣Ͽ
ԨҲײ޳ɾת۳Ԫʼ֮Դ̤Ԫʼ
ԪʼȻǿޱȣҲž޴ְΡ
һԪʼ¡
ΪԪʼ֮αҪʼάķ٣׳
ҪʱһӰ췱ٵأһЩӰ޴ı

֮ڣԨԪʼԻʱڲԪʼȨܣԴ򻯶
ȷδԪʼҲѾǳֵĴ򲻻Ȼֹ
ڵ֮ǰĻ֮ϣ½һֺѡ
Щѡ߽δ֤ԪĴͨߡ
ЩֵУϤ䡣
Ʃףꯣ
⵹˵Ԫʼļ̳߱ҪԪʥ֮µʿʵֻҪӴԪʼӡܱѡС
ֻǻԪʥĴͨߣԨʱδҵԽӰѡ
ֻڰθ߸
覴ðɣ;ȻԪʼ֮ǧ
ԨɨЩ֣㶼ҡҡͷ
Ʃλףλ֮£Ԫʼ࣬ǳɹȷԽ̤Ԫʥ
Ҫ˵ΪԪʼĽӰ˾ͲԶˡ
֮¹Ȼӵſٵصܣս粵̹
һԪʼȻԶ
ԪʼҪ󿪱߲ſ֮ܣܻأ컯֮
֮µ̹ʥֻ࣬лս֮޲컯֮ܡ
֤Ԫʼмڻͨ
˵֤ǵһ̤㡣
ǶꯣȻ޳˾תǲԪʼǷԴߵɱ·Ҳûı䣡
ɱ¾λԳɵѾλɱ¾ĳɾߣ֤ɹˣҪЩͬ˵ĴݲУδǰ;
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Ѫ֤ԪʥˣʵˣҲǲҵġ
ܹʥӱ֤ʥȻ˵ġ
ɲҵĵطҲɱ¾֤
ɱ¾ȻǿޱȣԴвûɱ¾ɵĻԪǿߡ
λ֤硣
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ַλ棬ȻûгɹܹʥȺŹ֮£ӵͨ
һλһϵԴ磬ⷽϵԴ絮ʱλ棬ûλǱҲСӡ
δҪһ˵Ψһɱ¾ǵڻԪʥڶУҪЩɱ¾֤ĻԪʥǵѹȣ
ȻǧľţҲ޼
Ǻһл̤Ԫʼ
Ԩš
Ҳֻ̤Ԫʼ
ҪӹԪʼҪٵسɹҳŹ٣ٱһԪ֤
Ѷ̫ˣ
ԨоЩͷ
ܷŹ֮٣ԨԴ˲ֹۡ
ܳнΨһԪʼ챾Դoȷ̫ˣ
ЩѡߣԨڻһЩϣ
մȾſδʽΪ硣
ôoӦϣһλԪʼĴڣ
ԨŬİ粣֮ϵ֮⣬δûһС
ǿĵĸ
λĸͿϢϢء
ִʥ磬仯Ϊת֮أ˵嵱ܹһλӴԪʼĺѡߣΪԪʼĽӰˣ
飬ԨҲûиõİ취ֻܹһһǾ׬ˡ
ʵڲУԨֻܿ´ĥȴһԪʼĳ֣гѡ

ԨΪԼ˽¿Сܻȴ˿ûзɡ
еӡ͵˫ʼϢ籾Դ
񷹴գӿ
ڶoӦֻǵв̫ԶܶϤʵ
дͨⲿĦ磬ܹΧʱ鲼һŨڻɫâƵ㣬Ϊ̳֡

磬ͥ۰ҲûţԾԨָ㷢ԪŵãҲ˼
׼Чʥڶת֮ء
翪һȨγһСת֮ء
浹ҲûһֻҪʥĶ磬Դ̶ȽԪ
һʱõԨ֧֡
磬칬ֻ籾Դ𵴣칬ȺŲֻһ޴ľŲŻлѳ
ľ״ǰƿصɴ
ŻԴһŻرԴʣԴһ̼עԪ


804 ٳ
Ԫһöų˼Ĺԡ
ԪʥԴӳ֣ʱɢһŨ嫵ζ
۰Ԩе֪컯Ҳһֱ컯
ƾ̤Ԫ޽ɣʮǿ
̤֮Ԫʥ˻мֿԡ
ʱ䣬ȫ컯ܺɲԪ
üںһԴ֮󣬼̧۰泯ŻԪʥżȥ
硣
üͷо¿ɲǳ֤֮ʱ
ҵƾ˴νٵԴȻ
ö۵Դת֮ȶ
滺ü湬
ȵԪŹͨʥ籾Դ¶ɳô˴ˣ֤ͻԪʥ
ͷԼ㣬۵׶ҲЩϲ
ת֮صĽҲһԾĻᡣ
Ԫؼľһ֮󣬿ʼγʱŻıһշ
Ԫͬһ㣬֮Դ
ԪԪŶʼ
Դš
ȻҲʱȨ
۳ŲյŻ׾١
ʵƵ粢ټ
ܷת֮ؽĺôֵ
Խ磬Խõ̹Ѫصδھ֮󣬵õĺôȻҪԶԶߡ
ȵȵá
һǺ
ڶǸ
˺ת֮سΣҪԽҪ޴Ļˣ
ԪڰĲٿ£³ʱգŲƵȵȨٻͥʱԪʼΪ˲ֻ֣粴¹ɡ
ҲŻ᳹ľ

ʱȻţͨ߶ڵȴȴһת֮صĳ֡
Уܻڵڶ͵ĵһ꣬һ춯صΪϯأ׺г򺣿磬ڣҫǺ㻨ȵȺ
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еһλ챾Դo
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嫣ʥֺ꣬ƬתʮɵĺڻɫӰʱΪһģݷӰ
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лһȣ
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⻯ӰһĻΪϲ۵׻һ˿֮̾ɫ
Ȼ²һ㣬һλ챾Դož޴컯ͺô
ô챾ԴoľУƻһδУ°빦
ӡʽŶķһݡ
һл̵̵֮ӽǣ
֮ŻΪӰػ纣Уʧ
֮ڣԨ̧ӣӴԪջء
ǵһ֪ġ
Ƕڻĸָơ
ټŵķ򳯰ݣԨ¶һ˿Цݡ
ȻûΪ֮ЩԪԾȡȷܵһݡ
̻Ϊ֮ԴǻΣԵȰݵ棬پء
ΪһλɹħǸţ컯ʮ˵á
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ܹߵһÿı֡
챾Դo½Ҳһ̿ʼ⻹ԨϽļƻδһλ챾ԴoȵٻԪʥȻԨƿҲȫ׼
ԨǶԻκν٣Ȼؽȡר޼ǿģ塣
޼Ҳ֮һŻһֱԴ
Щģ壬Ԩη׻
Ԩĺøд󲿷ҲԵЩԵ֡
Ԩɨλ챾Դo
ҪϽ磬ȷҲҪλԪʥ˵
ԽǿԽá
޻ԪʥػԴ磬Ҳ޷
ڻ֮ǧ֮Ԫлζ
֮һͬģлɽ֮ϵ顣
λ챾Դo춯أ


805 Ըֵĳ
챾Դoյա
أԳͼȷڻԪԴеλãֻϷϿգԪۣ䣬һȼΧԪγһ޴ĻԪطΣԼԪ
ֻǵƾҪѹԪԴȴȻԪԴЮһ￹⡣
纣УƳǺ嫻ǵʷӰʼ޷ѹǻ鱾Դʱҡҡͷ
ĸǿǹڸǺġ
ԪԴУ챾Դoд֮飬ɷ֮Щ챾ԴoԪԴĹƻԪԴ֡
ϧˣ޷ˣδջԪԴѶȸ󣡡
֮ڣΪеһϧ
һȣȡ
ǰ춨֣δн°빦ЩԪԴ棬Ѷȱǡ
챾ԴoǰӾڶ໹е챾Դoļԡ
Ϊֵһʱ䣬Դ֮飬ɷ֮ΪԵ챾Դo½½ǰá
ÿտȵ
ԨӴԪעĵһε󲿷յлoٮٮߡ
컯徻۲δܹһ챾ԴĴ󲿶ӡ
λԴ̥ЩǷȱҪʱֻ׷ϵڶ챾ԴoĶ顣
̫еͬ߳ƣֻԽԽȨת֮ԽԽ챾ԴoƣٴӭԾ
УԨڲһȻ︩Ӳ
챾Դԣϵˡ
ǻһ˿ļзӳĹȡ
ɳͬʱɳٶȸ졣
Ȼ⡣
ȻҲܵӰ졣
ǵڴݻһķġ

磬½鱾ԴƣֻһҲı仯
һεǱĬڲϸıرԴ
纣УݻصˮԪԴۣۣ࣬ˮ۵ˮԪԴͷֳܻһ޴ˮԪŻ
ˮԪܸ١
Ǿ޴ӰռˮԪ컯Ҳƶһϵ
ȡΪٴ麣
ҲǸˣΪƻȫȡ´룬ˮ֮ݻһˮԪȪֲ纣Ͻ֮ڣΪۡ
Դ跨Ҫݻˮۣ·ˮԪѭ
룬˷ǹɣ纣ˮԪۣ֮ҲӵķԴ֮ء
ɽγǧ֧Ȼǻع纣УһչȨ
дɵȻǽˮԪŻ黯ʵΪˮԪԴݻһ
֮ܣλؽ˳ժȡԪʥһҲԪʥˡ
ڶˮбԴo֮ǰ۵ֹ֧Ԫͼ
һץиֳһ޵ĺͼԹ۲쵽ͼ֣ΪһĺӰ
Ϊת
ŵͼ־۵׷˿˿˷֮⡣
ͬλ棬λУʶҪ°ٴ֮ʱѾʧȥʱ
ȻˮԪռݾǿƣçʱڵİ壬챾ԴoҲЩͷλˮԪγɾԴơ
ǷһҲټһЩţٳٲҶ
Уǳʹʧ֮
ȴ컯һ
ĿǰˮԪԴȴûᲢۡ
˵֮Ŀǰһɨƽһйذ
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ɵٶԽ죬ԽС
ֻ֮λ챾ԴҲ֪ڷĳδ֪ı仯
ֱֻ仯ǱĬǿҲ޷֪ı仯
ʱ䱾Դλʱ֮Ҳ˶ѣǵһ۱ǿı仯ֻǹȻԪѣʱ֮ȴʱ䱾Դڣȫ޷ȥ
ֻ𺳵ĸ֪ŵΧ䡣


806 
ҳ˯ʱ䣬Ѿ췭ظı仯
ʱ䱾ԴУλʱ׶ͰĿ𺳵һĻ
ֻΧ·һΰŻ֣컯ӿ磬ԼǻĪ״ϸ΢ԪŻ
ЩԪޱȵܣԴ컯
ѡһľ
׶ʵݴʱЩ𶯣ֻһĻǲԡ
λʱ֮鿴һ磬һǲʱһֱԴ˻ǿ
챾Դo»εס
λʱɨ⣬ǰϤһ̱üΪİ
磬ı仯ȴλʱ֮ͷԽԽ
֮һһһɻۣ仯
Ϊ׵֮飬ڵڶں󣬶ʱ֮ڱѩһΪ׵ĻˮԪѭȴнõ˾޴
ȽﻯһˮԪ㻯γԡ
ֻǻδô˻ᣬ㻯壬ֻӣ׷л塣
Ҳ˾޴
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ʱ䱾Դɫѿټܻ֮࣬Ƶɷƶ仯
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ԨӰӹգĿɨ·۵׸ֳһ˿Ц⡣
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վƿߵĽǶȣԨԺԥĻش˲š
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λ棬ǿ㹻࣬ȻܹΪϽ硣
ʥʵ͸ת֮ؼƻԴԴ磬絮ľӢӶ֮ջΪϽ硣
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ԨҪ˲ţȻҪһ㹻˲ŵĸ
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һԨ˼á
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ʥ翴룬һЩ㣬ʿĽ١
ʥ粻ͬԨΪҪԼȫµķ
ת֮Ǹܺõĵӣ
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ǾӵλӵԪʼȨĻԪǿߡ
ԪʼȨ֮
ԨҪԴЩʲôγһԴȾǺѡ
Ԩȸı֮Ⱦ޴Ԫʼ֮š
Ԫʼ֮컯챦Ÿ컯ԨĵһȾ
дȾԨŵ񣬹֮󣬲޶ԡ
ֻһЩ񳤾硣
Ԩһ룬ǽһ


807 
ΪڣߣܽһԴɱ䡣
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ʿ챾ԴΪ챾ԴoȻҲΪġˡ
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֮⣬ԨᾡΪΧµ硣
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ֻЩ黫ƹĹɣפ£ҪĵطȻкܶࡣ
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ȻҲ飬Ͼĵ·ϾڷܵУ䵱żҪĽɫ
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Щǧ罫ΪԴԴʵѪҺ
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ӵԽԽľӢһ¡
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һʳ籾Դ
Ԩ跨Լ񣬲Ȼδ籾Դ飬̸ΪϽ磬ƻ輸ΪȻ

ʱţһһ仯ħȫУı仯֪Ϊ
ʱ޿̲ţ챾ԴԽ
غڶ챾Դoϲб仯ڵڶͽ֮ǰҲû̫ʱȥѰʤ
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ʱʥڣʮʱȥڶλԪʥڼӰ˳֮ϣʦͽТľʥͨ߶֪
ӰԽ˳ӵıԴȫȡ˳յȨں˲ȫʥΣɱ䡣
˳ӲϺײ˹䣬׺һ֮С
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Ѿ𽥷
棬ת֮صһв֣ҲʮƣֻȵڶλԪʥ˳


808 ʥ˴ս
ͽܣɣΪʦʦͽһΪʦΪ㣡
Ҳûκʤԣ
˳ϿգȪʴ߶֮飬̵˳ӹγΧ˳кʵԪͷ
ȪҲżӺж˳ӵȨֻΧԪͷȾԷ
˳֮ϣȪݵȻ֣һ˵ģݼ˵˫ƽЩ߰ףϸ⣬ȫ
ڶ棬Ϊһ꣬иֳһìƿ˺ͼȪʵڣֻΧ˺һһ㣬һŵĲԽ³
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ȪȻ֮ǰˣֻǴѾȫɢֻһˣȫһ˳ӱԴ֡
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ʦĻһҲŵģؼû˭ҸΪķĸѡȪҲ䷴ɣڵģ
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УȪ۵ƽκɫֻҡҡͷ磬ʱ㻹䣬治Ǳ̵ĺͽ޳УֻϧǰѾʧˣ費ȡ̣ô˶֮ʱ
ȪƳһۺеì
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飡
ּ䣬ξŲ֮˳תԴֻǾŲϯĶ
ͷ춯أǻԪʥΪմȾⶼЩ鷳
ŲȻ˹ԣת˲㽫ĺû
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ǿֲĴսನɲϯʥΧ
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ʥ֮⣬Ԩһ֮ӿĻƬи֣ŲʹԶסһƬʱգɨһԶսʮֲţԨƽûѡһʱ֣ƾУʵֻҪһվκλħǰһ


809 ɢԲ
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ʱԨĥʥ
Ϊת֮صĴʼߣԨϣѹء
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̤Ԫɳ֮ΪԪڶ
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֮ǳΪΨһճ⡣
ȻԪǿߵĵ;һ㣬;ͬ飬նҪ̤ΨһΪΨһճɾ⡣
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̤Ԫڶ֮ĵһЩᡣ
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һЦӰֱӹ޾磬ʧޱȵ⵱С



810 Ӧ֮
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811 Դ
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