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1 ׼ˮľ
һƬڰУĹâʱ˸żǰӫɢ˼ظУ˳С
ʱɿ̣ȫ֪˶ãƺЩ˷겻ȴֻ֮ȥͻȻһǹѸٽӽ󣬻ûӦֱӽһжɣȻ³ϮиϽסΡ
ǡڴʱһַֻסǰ㵹壬һˮľʦ㲻ҪɣƣӣҪҪȥϢһ£
ϡɵ˯ۣˮľʦڽ𣿻˲ְ
°͵۾̫Ѩɢ˯⣬򶨵Ĵ𵽣ûϵֻеʧˡţһ±ϵͬ飬³ɣ
³ЦŴ𵽣ˮľʦ̫ˣҶֲˡղŴ˯ҪҷţԴҪײˣ˶٣ҪϢһ£Ҳûѧˣ˶೤ʱ䡣
ˣϿɣӰ˻űءԲѣܿͽˡ
³ҲǣǾͽſ԰ɡһϵı񣬳һ~
ˮľƲƲ죬ɵﰵԲˬôˣôɤŹȻʺϵʦ
ˮľعһԺļ䣬ֻڳ⳵С˯һᣬһͱˮľˡ˵ԼûǰǸƽӹİ죬˳ְˣȴٳҲ¹Ǹ߹Լò׾ɢɢģû뵽һʹԽˡǳ˳ô£ȫûӡ󡣻ǱӦˬǣͻһ״ԽҪƾһ侲ͷԺͻ㲻ķӦŪ³治֪ʲô¨ӡ
ţһԪС߽ϻмģĺ룬ǻӰ֮ӡˡˮľɵðȷϴԽʱߣǹ¿ʼĵطҲ·һĴѴ㶼дڸеıˮľ޷Ŀʼ
һߵ룬ŵؿ³׼ú³˵ˣ׼õľͿʼɣԺϸҪٷֳһ˽Ųѣְο򵥵֮һֻҪƽʱúΣϰǲġ
˾˵ΪʲôǷƫƫóģҷɫ֮ǿġˬ鲻ˬ˻һһ۵ĹԹԽӡȫת󣬴һ֮ĲгһήҲ̱һŵ塣һǸִϣĿ³
³ƤֱȻ񡣡ˮɳԶ
ˮľʶһĻɵƺзɵĭǣǲǸҳˣ̨ʲôţأȺŪһ취ɣϽŪԾȵķתһ룬ƺǸᣬȷʵҲǿһ´ڸаȻ̫ˡ
ˮľתͷ³˵˵³ʦٷֳһǿ˵ĻҲǺϸİɣⷬ˶ֱ֮ɵþϲĿ˿ˮľ
³ҡҡͷǲеģˮľʦҶٷֳֻһһɲʲôóġ߿ɲô򵥵ģĿǰȫеġ
ԥľܾˮľҲֻǸĿҵˣʾΪˡ
žɥ߳ȥˮľȴǴô죬нĹ½¶ԼҵĽ֣ԼȴȱӦԵķѡвһǱҵʹ˵ȡӡ֮飬ʹԼƽ¡ǰˮľһˡǡǡ෴˲ľҶΪץ˰ѱһУڶȲж㣬ˮľΪ񣬾Ȼ˶ѷסڱȴ˵˾綾Сû뵽ľҶӶԼѧУʦѡֱӱųڶһֱԼ³ѡ϶޲ѡˮľԼҲľҶ߲Լɣӵķ겻
ڲʰϾ߾ΪȡһˣΪ˵вֶΣȴ̵ĵزľҶľ˷ïΪ˾ȶѶ񣬽ԱƵɱѶڵ̽磬ˮľΪ˵вͬߡҵˮľľҶǿνĻ֮־ľҶһ׵ʱοĲɾץ˰ѱ
صҲǹûˡĿֵܷвΪʳִɱȫѣҲǹľҶ̷ѣóԺúźšԼ̶ֳ˵ж󣬹Ҳʮصĳͷҽ궼ǱҵĴʱ˵Ǻ£֮ӷӡͲľҹȻƽƽһҲˡΪһ̣⣬οѾһԼδޡǧ活һŮӡĿǰûзκνָҲû£ʵʵʧΪһѡ񣬱ܿеһЩսȻбǹ⻷֮£ʵҲĿǰҲֻһԴˡԼʹ˲岻ĹϵС鷳ǣľҶļҩʦڰ־Ų˵ڹ۲ԼжĿǰԼѾﻢµ̬ˡ
ĿԹ̶Щп޵ˣˮľڲϵ˼ԲнȫѧĿˡ
³õı˼ӡˮľʵ̫鷳ˣҪ岻Ļȥɣһֱʲô顣ʲôôԵĻҰæϾҲ㲻չ~
ˮľæڰ֣û⣬̫ˡֽӹ³ݹı񣬡ˣ³ӴϽȥɰѧɣǱҵˣͲܾˡǺ~ȥˣȻ˵ѧУأϾһҵѧкüδĴﰡ
˵Ҳǰ³ɵøпû뵽һ¹ȮڣŮҵĺҲһҵҪĻǲŹҲڣǺöѵһ
ǿ˰³ǺǡˮľĲɷ˵ҾͲ˵ˣˣȷѧټɡ
ţǵȻ
Ǳ³ˮľֱӰ칫ңţˮľǰ档
һȴʮ
ˮľŽֽǹϣȻ˵ˣѧУҵȫ˿ԽĿ
˵꣬һߵ߳ˮľǰӹˮľеļ󣬳ʽӰ
ӹļһ߷ģһ߲ʵԵĿʲô
ǷӰˡ
Ŷÿɷ񣬽ʵΣ
ˣȫϸˡ
ţ֣ɵͣ
ˮľзӦˣ̽ĿǡѡֵҲǿʹһΪǿǺϸ񣬵³ͬ⣬ִҪΪϸ񡣡˵ˮľһ̽̽ĿԣǷҪЩʲôֱӸϸ񣿡˵겻ɫĴӰķӦ
һᣬҡҡͷˣɡ£ˮľԸȥɣȻȥѧУһ
ǡˮľֻ뿪
Ͷȡɵİ취вֻͨ취~Ѿһжźˣ͵СϷǿɣĻ쵰
ʣԼѾ˿ûпԼˡҪҵƾֵĹؼֻҪƽȹٹ£Ϯ̿Ի᳡һдңԼȡļʱ׼ӦܶȹľҶƻĻҡǸʱԼСҲжˡؼǽԭˮľ׼ȡӡ֮ΪͶ裬˱ҵԵĻһѣûȴȫˡ
ʵϸ룬ΪľҶ֮صķӡ֮飬Ȼһ߶ǵðʧ͵ǡѧʺϵĶӰ֮Ŀԣô񱻰źõġֻԼɵһ֪һεʯ
صѧУˮľһߴʱһ˼ŶԲߡӰѧǰڵѧУ±ҵѧӺӵļҳò֡
ˮľĿԶһ˾ɥǧϣԵļ羵£ס˫ۡ
ľҶƮ֮ȼ𣬻ӰӳУľҶٴηѿ~תͷ˿ԶӰںѧҳ̸϶ʧƣþλָиȾķȣ׾ġǲ˵ҲҵδҪӰ˵ʴءľҶﰮľ񰡣ԼߵһԭȴҲԼԮһ
˽˵ʴȺͿˡֱ΢лǷǳ˲ʰʹˮľҲò˴򽻵עʹʱҲʵûʲô취ˣһعȥҲ̸ʲôδˡ뵽ᶨԼ뷨󣬾ֱˡҪʼˣ׼ãأ֮Ӵϣϲһע~


2 α
ߵǧϣˮľŵ˰οˣ³ʦΪ³ʦ㣬ϾΪҲô򵥵顣ҲԷѧУԵġ
ϧˮľİοûʲôЧ
˵ͷʵķ֪ˮľʦ˼ΪʲôƫƫֻҲϸΪʲôƫƫֻңôŬˡ͸ŨŨĲġһһֱ˴ȴȻ飬ͬȱ˵һοԲϸĴʵ̫ˡ
ԶĴۿߣʱġã͸øˡȵȵĶ񶾷˹ԭֹۿʵСӵͷ
ﲻ˵ĺõطأˮľļ򣬺Ͱ˵ˣҪҪطأȻЩ˵ҵҲȫûϣֻҪŬĻ˵вĻᡣ
ˮľʦ㲻ƭҰɣĺϢ˼ѣϣˮľ
ţȻƭˣȻѣʵҲǺ߲ܵģ˵ͿԻ³ʦϿɵߡǻҸĵط˵ɣ
õĺõģˮľʦҪȥ
ȥӰҰɣýȹȥɣһҾ
ðҾȥˣˮľʦҲϽ
ţܿ͵ˮľĿŷߵˣŻӰȥˡһƧżĺ˵ΪߵõϿµеĵλǼΪҪģһ˵Ժһ¡ĿǰԼпõͬһ˰ˮľһԳ׵ĵλûеõƣʹԲ˽ĻԺҲصԶڽļ̽սʱƳʼμǰսĸִСBOSSڷ׷ױս񼦡ʱ㣬ԼˮƽǱ͵λ˵ĻᶼûУָԲĶһܳŵסοĿǰȫûнָļĿǰֻһһˣ̸
ѧ׷ױҳǽӻؼңӰҲ뿪ѧУˮľ³кҲ뿪ѧУǰӰҡ
ȥӰҵ·ϣˮľһֱŶλĸ⡣ǰˮľеСľҶߣʵһ㣬ǳ͵ģͻһ㣬죬ȴڲڵ塣һӵĿϳɫսͷԣľҶУʵԣѾľҶмɽˣѧһֳɫسر̲⡣ѾΣѾ϶ûеս¶ļýˡԸҲΪԣ̫أ̫ǿȴû֮ʵǿϣڴʩᣬûʲôõóֵĳ롣Բȡӡ֮ΪͶļȴ֮ӵѹӦĶɣλĬĬԼΪĵʯѹƣԼȺ֮ӵʵ˳ٷ㲻ˡˮľôƵʵһֱԼ³ôŶ̶ʱһòõĵβϲѧӰָ֮߼ԲΪ˵ǶôʺϵһɱȫĶⱻһҲͲˡ־ֺԼƣƽӹʣȴһŲƽӹģóȻû뵽ԼûǸʵټʱ˺ȫԼߣ³϶ˡ
ԼԽʱ㣬Լ鱨ϵƣ˵ܹƴһ˿οԼҲѾȫ·ˡ
ôȴأӦôӱתɡˮľһƽӹˣԼҲǡһʺϡˮľһɹĶˣ˵ûʲô֮£ȴǴǿҶǿ϶ġӡԶƪָ֮ԶαҲ㺬˵ǽԳ߶α˼˵ǲӦԼƾѶ˺֮ѧá롰塱ʩн̻ĹãɾӡȽ۵ս磬ӵɢսʿǵȨĿǰԼԶԶûʸֻ˼ʱپӺˡʥ˻Զαα壬Ʒȡ̫鷳ĿǰֲԼ˵Ӱǿʸ˰ɡʥˡӣԼǣֻһΪԼʱ˲ķˡ
ôһĻֵƺеüĿˣؼڽжĽչϸڲ
˻ӰϣȵĲͷԶʹкˮľʦˣŶȵĶӶˡ~
˼ˣˣʱ仹磬ü
ţˮľʦ˵ͨԵķʲôҰɡȲ˼æʵ
ˮľ΢΢һЦҪô˵֮ǰ˵˵ϣˣƵ˵ţˣҲϣԹ³ʦΪõˡ³ʦʵҲǹ¶أһ˵Ĺ¶įҲģͬ˵³ǲ㻳жģһҪʦҺ³ʦʶܶˣԸһǺ˽~
һĹӣ֪ģҾǲΪʲôͲҵߣҶҪõߣȻҪΪӰôҶͬҡ߶ϣҸô죿
ҪΪϸ߿ɲô򵥵ӴˡϷȫһһ߳ҪгɫʵľҲǱزٵ~
֪ȭһ˵һΪߵģ˵ҵ̵
ôˡˮľһ֪˵˵أˡղĻһʦҲòһ~
ʲô󣿡
˵뵱ϻӰôͬԸǺõģǰ˳ȴˡˮľشǵϻӰҾͻֻͬбͬ˲ܵϻӰ
˳򣿡ȫûȥ
Լ˵˶Ļˮľһʧȫ߹С
ţˮľʦȻʲô˼һ׵ģϻӰͱͬһġʦϽͨԳΪߵķɣ
ǺúӰʦɹ~ˮľһ̾Ȼ˰֮ԿԲϸΪķûѧã³ʦŲ㵱ߡ߱ģΪֻҪѧ߼ǿӦþͿԵˡ
ѧ߼Ǿϲ˷ܵ˵ѵ˵ˮľʦҪ̫ˣ
ŶˣȻ̣Ҳ̫ǿ֪и߼ǿǱ³ʦҪǿĸ߼ѧˣ³ʦûʲôˣһ㵱ߵġ
Ͽˮľʦ~ϢѾȲˡ
ľҶһ˵ķӡ֮Ŷѧĸ߼㹻ˣ~

һ֮Уˮľ뿪ˡ
ˣһˡ̤񱬼ܵĵ·ôҲҪú׼һ~
˵ǰĻһЩ־ͬϵĻ顣ľҶʮе˾ɫɣҵĿǰĵλʲô߱ɱսĴ裬òƻ̫³ǿʸ˰ɡ
ƻ£Ȼо˰ɣ̳ԭˮľԼƽӹ־Ҳɣô˵һһʹڶҲӦôһ~


3 б仯Ŀʼ
ҹĻľҶͷҲ֡ǶڳƽվõľҶ˵ҹһĽѾõҹҲвʱѲߵӰûڽͷβ
һæµˮľڻؼҵ·ϣż໥Ϥߴк
仹װһӣԱƽˣѾ׼ˡ
ȻԼȡӡ֮ӵĻʵ̫ãˡ©ɫĹ۲״ˮľֱԼľ©أҩʦ֪Լʹϵģǲһ֪Լ׼ȡӡ֮ļƻǰˮľҩʦʵֻɵľҶļˡһʵ׵ôȰѾԼ˵Ĵ˵һ̿Զûͨأ
ôŲôԲ󣬴Ųϵǿ϶ģ֮ǰôʵزĺ͸ֽûи߲֧ǲܵģĳ˻ӰҲֻհеİ־ŲˡǴŲֻ֮Ǹȡ軥ðˣ̸ΣҲܽԼ¶Ųأһҩʦ㹻ˡԣӦ˵ûԼҲѾˮľҲ˵ԼӡƷǿҪüҩͿɼһߡ
ô᲻Լ֮ǰܼΪӣԼӽβΪע¶ҲÿԲԼǰҲûȷϵıΪﲻܹעĳ̶ȣͨԭп˽⵽βϮľҶӡںŲͼβƿأȴӰܾһ˴ļУԼĽӽΪעǱȻģôĿǻӰİˣ˻̽һ´֮صԼ˳þβȡöӰ֮
Զ֮𣿻åһԼڻӰϲû˵ɻĻӦû⡣治ȨӰŵ޷أΪȡ÷ӡ֮飬ɷѿİ~ǺǣǸķӡ֮Ļ
ǷҪڽжȡöջʵˮľԥ˺þãӡ֮飬һûᣬǿޱȣͿƾһӰ֮ͿԲ˼˾֪ˣο滹жĿĸֽ֮ͨţתʬ⾡ȵģߵ㲻ЩһȵҲԺʹ·ɫĸֶһΡǣͽжľֵӰóߣû˼ӡ֮飬һƷҲѣҶ˵һзն֮С
ĻðžķȴջĿԼСȨ֮ˮľòˣοʹõķӡ֮飬ԼҲûдתΪʵòʧ
ˣˮľҲһЩ׼ģĽȻԤϣǹȴԾ
뵽⣬ˮľһ£ʹϵԼ뱩¶ģľҶȷʵһ֪ģȻ֪ϸڣҲ֪ˣǸ˾Լδǧ活
ǰˮľϲŮӰֹϵ¶ˡ˵һ𣿡
صסƿţһ£ϵĸɾ࣬һжɨľ
ӦСʰˣͻݰ㿴ǰˮľĳ̶ֳҲӮˣԱԼǰʮ˶ûŮѣһԼ᲻پƯδޣҪԼ˰ɡĽӵԼûеĶһǲð
򵥵ʰһº͵ڴϢˣ쾫̫ˣһ鿪ʼɡ
þҪԼ۷ݼˡǰŬܹ΢ضȹƽһһŬҪƽӹ벻ʧȥԣҪŬ~

ҹ˾ˣͻȻˮľȻ
ʼô
һӰڴ⡣
³ôʲô
³³ˮľ˵²ˣǸһ͵߷ӡ֮ˣڻӰ˷ÿе߶ȥѰҡ
֪ˣȥɣǷͷȥұȽЧʣȻϾ͹
ԭϸ΢డ³ԼȵõϢΪԼȡӡ֮飬ӶûаסչʱôҪ鲢δʧء׼ź󣬲©ɫĴΧ
ûиоܵӣΪû˻ʵ̫ǿԼ֪Ӱ첻ǺܴӦ˵˼Ӹ~
һ̾ߣȷϷˮľٵĽããҹɫ

һʱļкˮľܿ˼ƻõĵطһºܿΣ³ĵǰ治ԶСľݱϣ𷢵ϰϰӰ֮þģˡ
飬츳Ҳһȵ㣬̲ͻ⣬Ǹ߰

ûһᣬһӰԶεķɱڷľǰ˺Ͻ͸˹ȥڽѰ˵³
³ҵ˸æӡ֮պãױƵö³˵³ʦôͱҵҲŸոѧһǿ
󱿵³ܻغҹ˯͵߷ӡ֮ʲô
³ɤŸסڨЦ˵ⲻǿԲϸôҾ͵͵ѧӡ֮ĸ߼³ʦһȻͬҵһڿѧһǳķ֮~
ˣʵ˵˭ӡ֮ģ³оЩʵ
ˮľʦ˵ֻҪѧ³ʦĸ߼³ʦһҲͨġ
ˮľ³һãˣϽ˺󡣡
ڰˮľĿŲԶ˵꣬Ͻӳһ｣｣һת³ȥȻԼ߳ӰվϿ³æҡ
ࡣּ˰˾ѧô³̫أǶɰѧ̫࣬δ˥𣿡
ȷӰڼղˮľø֪̽һ£ȷʵеĲΧɲıעӵĸо~ʱ֪Ȼ̽飬Էֵ͵ڹھλԱҲҪúñһ²ء
ͻȻıŵò֪˶ʱ㲻״ˡ
˵³ʦˮľʦ⵽ô£Цİɣ
³｣ǰ˵ˣҪˮľǧҪӡ֮齻~
ӡ֮飿³㻹ôءˮľм˵ǻۣҲ̶ֳˡҪǳ뷨Ұ˵꣬öޣų³ȻҵĲһ
񶷣߻ʵսʽˡȻҵʵ³֮ϡǣݸҸпʱˡ̳ˮľս飬Ȼ޷ȫʵһںƽ˶ͨˣҲܺˮľʶȵġ
̶ʱڣˮľ͵óĽۣʹռϷ磬Ǻ˵ܹѹ³Ļ׼ĺҪóˣһҪշִ磬оʧضֱӲ֣ҪȻĻɾҪŪɳ׾ˡôھͿʼ~


4 ߸˿ı
ҵľУˮľͻȻսʱѹƴ·³Ҳ׷ֻվڲԶ䡣
ˮľ³˵³ڽʲôӡ֮飿ǶԸˣ
Ŀĵʲô³ҷɡ
ˮľû³˵ˣҿûƭӴѾѧ˷ǳûɣ
֪ˮľʦû˵ѣΪʲôˮľʦҪ³ʦսľҶ𣿡˲ʵ
Ǻǣˣ֪𣿡
˼æͷ
ˣ֪Ϊʲô³ֲΪΪ³һֱԹ㰡ΪôֵΣ
ԹޣΪʲô˼ֱܽʵһֱչԼ³ʦҲϲԼ
˵³ǹ¶ɣ֪ĸĸȥ𣿡ˮľ˵˵ĻΪĸĸɱ˰
ԵĻ𾪵״ˡɱ³ʦĸĸôܣ
Ҫ˵˰ˮľ³ͼֹˮľ
ˮľûᣬתһΪ΢񶯣˸оͷƺһЩ˸û⣬ΪֻҹǵСҧһڣץץԴ
ˮľһϲЧˡԭöҩֻԷһû뵽óˡⶼ㲻Ƕҩֻһ˷ֻܼкܴã³´лʱŴĸУʱ߼˰ˡ
һˮľŶ˵ʮǰβϮľҶ֪İɣ
š˵ͷһ֪ľҶĴӢĴӰ˴ң˴ӡ
û³ĸĸǸʱ򱻾βɱġĴӰӡǱˣ㰡ˣ
쵰ˮľҪ˵~³ͷʹ಻ѡ
ľҶӰ칫¥УԶ֮۲ŵӰһ̾ˮľǰ˵ˣ¿鷳ˡ
ߣʵ޷ܵ૵ôɱ֣ǹβԭֲô˶ңҡֻһ~
ˮľ˿³ûзӦûᣬһǳɰܵĹؼˡ
ٽӡˮľ³Ͼ˼Ļᷢ˻
֮
ĿǴˡ
˻˫ãŷ·𿴵˼Ļ棬ʹྪ岻ѡ
ˮľһ߿Ľһչ
ҩãӦҪĽǲøաҩЧǿĶҩֻ˵ʺͻָȫ޷Ԥҩԣֻ˷ܼ֮ҩǿҵķӦҺ˵ĲϲĿǰΪ㡣
Ե³ʹˣʵˮľ㵽ʲô
ֻˣʵҺܺѡء
ʱ˵ֹסʹĲţͻȻȻ̧ͷ۾˫вɢ⣬еķŭɼ
³˫Ҫοˣȴֵ̧һߣȻȻǰ壬һͷײ³ǰ³õɳʮס
³˼ĿˣҪʲôˣҪˮľ
ϧѾȫȥˡɥʧǵ˿ٽӡӴĲӿʮӰ֡
ˣˮľæƵԶԶģⱻˡ
ֻжʮԭлˮľǵصܱȰΪ³𣿲ԭеˮľԼ϶Ĵ󻵵ǱʶоͲ˺ˡĺӰ޵Ĳת԰ļѾˡ

֪ʮӣˮľһ߿˲ϵӰȺŹ³üͷ
̫ûǵսûУֻͽ͵³һȭȫ³ĻᡣҪɳ־սˡҪ𣿡ɫĿһ۵ϵķӡ֮飬ƲƲԶĴ֡ڲ֮ǰԼõľ˷Ӧˣûڹ۲״𣿻~
ȻεĺܺãҲûпĲ뱻ֵӣֻҪʵ΢ܷ֡ôţǾÿ˲ƿȫô
һ˲õĸְˮľɵһ
ղѾ³ҲвСˣ³ҲرߣӦÿҩЧȥ֮ǰս

ֹ˽ʮӣ³ײϺҲվˣľ³ֻĿˡ
ˮľ֪òˡ˵Ҳǲˣս磬βӡ޷ʰˣȥڰǿҲٿȥˡ
ˮľö⣬ϽĶ˷Ȼ˾ͺ޷ȥĳ˯
³ԼΪ޷ߵѧܵĸоˮľ㷴ɵļ³ˡ
㵽Ҫʲôˮľڻͷü³ͼ˵ˮľ
˵ˣ̫ˣ³ˮľûлشߵ˱Ϻнӡתһ⡣Ȼ˻˵Դתѡ
ˮľʦȻ˾͸о˲ԾҺдսһȫоۡף³ʦôˣô¡˵˷·ͻȻ򣬡ѵⶼģҹȻǸʱ˸еһʧǡ
ˮľ̸һ˶ͷЦ˾ĲมãȻ֪ˣת³˵Ͷˣˡпܣټɡ̧ͷ˿ɫ˵ˣ춼ˣӦǽɡ³ʦˡ˵꣬ϵķӡ֮ᣬľҶŵķȥ
ɿصĲֽˣͬӦû°ɣһϺʦһĵǣʦӦûһĻɣΪɵԼǲʺϼȥˡ
˵汳ϵľᣬˮľһĶӰȻɳǿգΪӡ֮ĵҲȫûĿܡҪҪóñĻѰ˶ˮľ뵽ˣ֦̫ܽǰĿܣֵá
ּСϣֱҲ˺³ʱһӰͻȻסˮľ
ˮľɣ״Ҷ˵Ҳ֪Ҫͼܣûлġ
ˮľ꣬ϸˡԭˮľʶˡ
ľˮľǲɵһ鴤ôּĹ飬ӴСô
ˣˮľҲò˰ڲʵϾȫһεʵ޷
֪ˣôץҹ鰸İ
Ҫɵ飬·ӡ֮飬˺󡣡
ˮľֻ¾ᣬ˺ʮǰӡ֮顣Ȼˮľ˵ܺãȻʶʱ˵ľˡҵҲˣҪˡ߰ɡ



5 Ҫ
ľҶӰ칫һ߳һſ档תСҲڣˮ׻ûеֵǾȻ־ŲҲˣβͷӡ֮λľҶ֮ˡ
ˮľͷվڶ棬ŴԼС
꿨ı棬̶³һתͷעˮľ
ˮľԿ˵𣿡
ûУˣһжʵ
ô˵Ͻ˵ȡӡ֮У
ǵģһжġ
ĿʲôҪȡ÷ӡ֮ôӰͻȻʵ˵˹ᣬ׼ѱӣ
ˮľ˵ˡ
ҶԷӡ֮鲢ûǲƿصĶҲûк˹ᣬһжһģҶԴҲûвûѱ뷨
תС̲סˣ˵˵Ȼû뵱̣ΪʲôҪ£ҪľҶеǰ취˵ʵ
ҵĿ³ˮľȴ˵һ֮Ĵ𰸡
ûһʼˮľףԼһ岻ɣѾϴ׵Ļᡣʱ̫Ҳ޷ı̬ƣôҪֻһΪһ仰ǾǣһﲻСȻ͵תߡֻҪʹǣͼӵ²Ӱ֪һжвء
ˮľ˿һߵĿ룺ڣ˵ˣʡ˲鷳
ˮľĻشȻǲġ
³ôûǴĻ³ǶѰɡѵԹ³һѧУʦְλô
й
Ǿ˵Ѿû˼˵ءļƵŲغָˮľ˼óûĨ˵ʵĿĺͶǽȡһжȡࡣ
вεĸˮľʩѹ
Ϊ˱ҲŲòô಻鰡ˮľεš
ʵڸմԽʱˮľҲֱ̹Լ⣬Щ˵Щ˵ֻ˵ܼصƭΪô׵ĶʲôȻѾٱƭľҶΪʲôףǲܵĳвòľҶ̹θ⣿
ʹϵҲ̹ףǾͲǼ򵥵ˣṢô´ʲһˡԼһ־ͦȥĻ΢΢οɽмҵĶҪԼԽߵع⣬ǾͲǹѺʵˡ붼е磬û뱣סܲס
ˮľ˳ƵݵһϷһԼݺ͵λĽڣһ󣬽̹һЩ飬һĵ顣ؼڶԼλյԲľҶԼһǵˣֻһһЩΣΪ˴ͨߣһץסⷢӵİѱôľҶ߲ʮпʵֵģǾǱº뼤ɵìܡĺõĻԽìܣ͵ڲìܡǴԽ鱨ϵľѹõķ
ŲشˣˣΪ涼ҵ³ҵĽʦǣôѾʶ³ȷʵʺϵѧУʦƾǶһȺСĺԶԶȲϵġҪ֤ҲЩ~
㵽Ҫʲôһ˵
Ҫ³ףһѧУʦԲһʦӰˣҼһ㡣
Ϊĵԭʹβ͵ӡ֮飬ֱǲתСǳ
ˮľûд𻰡ŲҲû˵һʱĬ
һᣬŲʵ͵ѧӡ֮ϵĽȻ³Լжʧ󣬱ԼΪû߲ܵ˳Խ˵ģǰɣ
ǵġˮľϵ
Ϊʲô᲻ͬ³ֻǺͬҼǵñҵʱѾԸˣ㻹˶¡˵
ҺܱǸˡʼΪѧУĺ˵ֻҪҵ˾ӦðߵķʽϷİϷӦͣˡĪֻЩӵǰ;ΪֵͽһӾ֮ߴ֮⣬ʵ̫簮Ҳ̫ˡֻʵߵ·ϵ̣ܹ˲Ǻϸߡ
ʵˮľĹΣա̫ǣǿźҡҡͷ
ʵϣϣʵǺҪһ֣ǲȫ
˵ͬС죬ֻǳ̶ϵ⡣˵ô࣬㻹Ľ³ɡ
˵һˮľоѾеʧˣĿȴûȫɡĿǰҲǲܽܡ
ȻΪ޷ȫϣӰˡ

һĬ
뽩ˣô죿Ҫ̹𣿻ٵȵȻ᣿
ֻʣ³̵˭û˵ˮľҪ̲סյʱٴδ
ˮľϴܼʲôҪ˵𣿡
ˣˮľǿסеĿϲװһ㵵ıԥĵͷȻƺ¶İ˵ˣӰˡ
ʲô˵
ʵ㣬޷һȲж񣬺ܱǸˡ
ɱĶѣ𾪵ʵ
ǵġˮľ
Ȼˮľ⣬ֵһʱˣ׶ǸеԽܡ
ԱߵתСߵòָָˮľ˵ֱ޷ľҶȻɱͬߣ̫޷ˣ˲䵱ߡ
⻰ˮľҪľĸ飿뿴ڿɫʲô
ʵľҶɱͬľԲֹˮľһԱߵĿľԶԼҿɱҰԭյΪֱǲڻľ˼ΪɱѣĸȴΪ˶ѷȴ߶ɱ
ԿµԶԶûءɱȻټǾԲһʱѣΪ˷ֹץڶй¶鱨òɱѲǶôԽܣڴʱ˵صľҶڸˡ֮ΪӱܿܵѺʹٱΪø߲ɵΪʻᱻϲֶΣõıǩϾߴ˵һ»ĹӶ֯û˻һƭϼΪˡ
ˣѾûʻıҪˡӰԸˮľͳȥ֧εĿȻˮľ˵Ȼȥǲ׼뿪ӣڴʩ֮ǰòҪΪ
ˮľȻ˳ȥ
ҪһתСʵ
ˡ¼ѾˡܼеѾȡò࣬ˮľشֻȷϰˡڷӡ֮¼ȷʵ޷ҵˮľҪȡӡ֮ĿĺͶϾܶҲ޷ʹõĽˮľжҲûбʾҪȡӡ֮ɡͨԶ֮Ĺ۲죬ҲûзҪӵļ³˵ӦÿšȻԭˮľ˸ʣҲ޹ؽҪ飬ˡ
ʹҲһҪӰʵ̫ˡ
ţһᴦġ
ΪӦýֲΪ߿޼ɵΪľҶתС˵
һԵŲزԵ˴ҲľҶߣο񡣡
ˮľ˵ˣƭľҶתС
Ųû磬ֻǿ
мһ̣Ȼ̾һ
˻Ӱ¥Ѿ˺ܶˡȻƣˮľĿһˡȻûеѺȥʲӦþӹϻˮƤѻĵ³ûб¶ԼǴԽߵܱסˡǰծҲһλ塣Ȼᱻ˷飬ֻҪһܵҲнЩⷢˡʱƣºӰսľҶֽȱҲͲںǰЩˡ˱ǰƵˣ˵Ǽ£жͼӣҲһֱıڱȽҪҲύԼˡǻЩۻ˵ܱܿһЩΣա
뵽Щˮľӿ˻ؼҵĽŲڿ԰˯һˣһʱ䣬ϸһ궼ࡣú׼Ҳһôֵˡ


6 ˮƽܸ
̫Ѿϸߣ粻Զˣһûô˯ˮľڲƣΣϵȴҪϵƽܸο
˯ˮľȴͻȻһѡõ𴲵ˮľ˫ȥţһ߲ͷʵ˭
ңˮľһŮ
Сˮľǧ活ôˣڲǹʱ𣿡
Ѿˣˡǧ活ǵĶˮľ˵ˮľҺܵ㣬˵ˣ³ѧ³ˣǲģ
ô죿ͱˣ
ˮľǲǱץģûˣ
õģû¡ʱȻ˵⣬Ե̰
㲻뿪ľҶ˰ɣ
ô᣿Ҫٺ˼ˣһжȥˡˮľЦǧ活ͷ
ģͦģһ̫ˡȻβҲǲȵ㣬Сòе㲻ɺȷʵ׺˼룬ˮľﲻԼ²ۡ
Ķȥ𡣡
Ȼģʲôʱƭ㣿ȷʵûƭҿǰѺʹǣ鶼ˣˮľҲǺ
ȵһᣬȥʰһ¡˵תϴȥˡ
ˮľϴϻַѾˣСԼ
ҶӶˣȥԵ㶫ɡ
̫˷ˣ԰ɡ
ûʳˣȥ԰ɣ档
һĴˮľĽѾáһӻӰһһĴݣȻȥˣǲһġˮľҲʮһľҶ岻ȴԼڸиǿǺεһֻ׷Ǻͼ֤ʷۺ̬ɡ
ڽ֮ǰˮľʵеηǧ活ģ˵һϤԼһδǧ活ˡ׼Լ𴩻ɵĿ̫ˡڲͬˣһ˾䣬һЩ仯̫ˡֻҪʼܲɣԺ󱻻ɵĿԾԽԽСˡ

һݣˮľһΣͷŴ˵е棬ζȷʵˮľ޹Ŀ壬û˵λǸ찡ûˣ̽һݡ֮λİɣѾˡ
˵λС粻ҶûʲôӡǰһǶԱʲôطǧĴұвŮӲ֮
ǧꣿⲻǴ˵е˳Թ˴ɡˮľǳ鴤˵Ҫ˵طɾҪʧ˰ϧˮľճˮĿָָæµѡ
С˵⻰ԵĲ˰ɡҸ˵һٰˮľ٩Ρ
治ˮľòϵ
ܸˣҾ˵ɣµһģСҲһ˲ţһҲ˧Сӡôϲ棬ҪҪ׸ҼңѿǵҲ洫มӦĻطҲǲԿǴม
ǴӲôȻ޵ģٴˣûұϵô˵ѵô޲ȥҸ·˾Ϳʼ
ˮľϽ˵ˡ
ϽС˳ȥѺ廹͵ӭ´
´ҿɲˡòҲеӰİɣǲǿ˵һ䣺ߴƬˡˮľСͷҲصˡ

뿪һݣСʵʲô³ľҶҽԺҪҪȥ
áһ٩󣬾رɵˮľڴҲûʲô˵ġ
СˮľĲɵ˵˵ǲĸûһͣľзͷֵ͵ĺ鷢ͶԽ첻
ԱСһˮľǲǾѱҸƯҪȥŮǲң
ûСôܣС۾ˮľͷˣģֻǾ÷Ͳ̫뻻һˣѵ˵ǰĵ⻷ҲԽˣԲټȥˡøϽת⡣
СϿȥ³ɡ

ľҶҽԺһͨĲУ³Ųŷվڴɹ̫ĺ˻˯
׼ȥ˯һ³ͻȻתû
űƿһܰǧ活߽
״³˵Сô㣬粻Ѿô
˼³ˮľ鷳ˣһβֻ~
һ˽ˮľ
㡣³е㾪ȣû£
ҳʲô£³ˮľһʲôûӡ
˼ˮľʵ˵ҵҲһͷˮȻ˵һЩȫû㵽ʲô£Ҵһ٣
һԵǧ活һǸεĵǸԲ³~
ˮľֹСôҾͷˡС֪̫࣬˵̫¶Ųá
ôһˣǸβСҲû㣬һǸ֮Ķûأ
Ϊ˭ģ³һᣬ˸ո뿪ҪȥߵǼǣڿȥݡ
Ŷ𡣡ˮľĵĴĲ
ǰҽԺеģʵе󰡣ˮ׼ĿƼȻʵ۾֮ҪֲͿ¡Ҳ̾ΪֹĿƼᵽʲô̶ˣ
һƺŶҪҪȥԣ
Ҫ˵˵³ˡҪתƻ⣬㻹ûлشҵ⡣
ţ³ʵ˵ҵķôʺ𣿡
ʲôϵ쵰³Ҫ
Ƣأ³
Ϊ˭ģ󱿵شң
ˮľεҡҡͷȻĳˣҾʹ󷢴ȱĸɡ
Ϊ˷ֹ̽类ƻΪάƽ᳹ʵ~Ȼ϶Һ˵˵~
³Ѿ²ˡСҲ̵Ŀ³
Ĳ̫³ٶϺ³ȻҸʶ˺ܶ꣬һֱ˽ء
ʲô²ܺú˵ôΪʲôһҪֶΣ
³Ҫһ飬ΪһѧУʦĲҲ˶ѡҪ뷨֧ѧǱҵˣҪѧҵԼ·һϸˡǲѧҪĪĹģǱĶ࣬Ҫ¡
ˮľ֪һֱ㶼ǿǣЩ㲻ǰ˵ҪΣյķʽβͷӡ֮飬һ״ԴӶĪʧ
Իʱ򲢲ʮֿɿؽʽΪжȡȷĽ˵ģ³ĵĹİɣڽ֮ǰΪ˻ΪĶô벻ô˵㶼Űɣ
ףΪʲôҪǣ浽ôΣյȥӦиõķɡ
ףտ³߰ɣСѾûмıҪˣȻȥ˵Ķ˵ˡˮľת뿪˲ӡ֮鴫ˣһȴá
ǣˮľ~СһΪѣ󣬽ܰڻƿˮľˡ
ǻѰɣˮľ³ʵ
ˮľûдСٴ³ϹǸȻ첽ˮľ

ˮľء
ûǱ仵
֪ǰˡ
Ŷǰ㵣ˣʵڶԲ𰡣С
û£ֻҪ߾ͺá
Լ첲ǧ活ˮľɵø̾һҲŰˡ
ԼݵϰȻԼҲǿʶǣ·߲ͨ
ɵľߵҪĳ̶ˣԼȫϵΰְλ̫ˣǰгźʹԪ漶ǲߣʦδǧ䡣֮ˣӲnarutoˣĶƷˡ۾桱ǲ
ҪĸãҪʵӰԼĵ˵
һɷȫĻµʥˣΪƽŻѪȻһѪΪԭ͵磬ˮƽҲʵ̫˰ɣ


7 þ
뿪ľҶҽԺˮľСĴϡ
ţˮľҪ³ϽС̲סʵ
õģС
ǣǴС浽ѰǰǺչô
Ҷ³Ļ˰ɣЩǶ³˵รҲһġˮľ˵
һǲףʲôϵ𣿡Сʵڸ㲻֮顣
СҺ˵ɣҺ³ԭѡ³ǰǸƧ۸ļһҺʹҲչǣ³ѾˣһλɫѧУʦ˰~
òе׵С˵³ڲҪλѵİǰɣǲѹϵɣ
ûµģСͻˡˮľÿɷ񣬡㿴ǱǸͲʵСûʺɫ·λ
ʺɫɫף찡ǱǸ¶˵Ҳ˰ѧУˣһҵԲϸ~д˵ʮǰϮӹβʲô˵СͻȻ׹㲻ʹϮ³ɣ
ˮľͷǰСǸʵǲһ̲עĻסᶼҪԴ³֪ˡ
㵨Ҳ̫ˡСһʵôᱻӰ˳ͷ𣿡
£ܷǵȻģҲûʲô£ͷӦò̫ء
ҪҪȥкǸ
鷳ˡ֮أǲҪ;β̫ӴȽϺãȻ᲻Ҫ˵װûˡ
ûзˮľ˲
׼һҹˮľͻȻ洫к
ǰǸͷҵȵȡ
Ȼһٱӽˮľɲһ໬סˮľ
Ȼ۸³ʦĴ󻵵
˾þòôо񡣡
˭Ҫˣ
˾ָ˵ܲòม
˭Ҫܡܻ˵ΪʲôҪ³ʦˣ
˾ɲԹรҿʲôû³סҽԺİɡ
𣿡СԲУ̫úˡ
ԣҪ㣬³ʦŲˡ
˾Ҹȥ³һ˴ڲ˵ܼįءֶţһҵͬǲΪӵδİ
³ʦŲˡ˵˵꣬˿˿Сλ㣬ʦȻֱȻСĴָ
ǧ活ˮľδޡ
δޣ㣬ҪںһˣǸԺһ۸ġ
СЦ
Ǹ˵Сһ㲻ˡˮľ뵽
˵Ҳûȥ³ǳʱ򣬿ҰӣȥˡǲĺúӰĳЩ˲һء˵ƳƳˡ
СӣȻǸˣ
ȫڷ㡣Ҫӵˡ
Сӣ˵³ʦ˳Ļ쵰һŹġ
Сӣô˵𣿡˾
Ÿһ
˵ˣǲҲڣϵ治ͦһԡСӣ˵𷢵βʲôġǺð
ɣʾܴȻ쵰ҲڹСӣҾԲŹġУҪϽȥ࣬ȻȥСӣ
˷ɿ뿪ˮľҲ׼ˡ
󻵵ʦллͨԡ´һŹ~
ԶȥˮľС˵˰ɣ³С񣬶Ǵ󱿵һжûġ
СЦ³ѻǲҰ
ô᣿ŸոտʼҿɲôģôչˣһٻοԶ֡´лٴһ~
³ҲˣҸղǸҲæรɲ˵Ķְɡ
Ҳأ³ԵһֱҺðҪҴӮסҽԺɲжˡ
ȥ㡣
ҽԺķѳԣҲŲȥ
ȥáСʵʱ仹磬ȥģ
ˮľָָǡ
~

ӵɱϢˮľһƨ£ŵԱк
ĸ磬ʦʻһУһλʦҲʼį̽翪˰ɡ
һλϴӭλͣʲô񣿡
ˮļ̌ͷǽŵĺӦöʱǰɣɫء
ˮľһλģʿͣ
ϴϽܣµӰǽ˵ķͰֻгʿŻʹõġ´ͷͣߴʺϲˣҪҪԿ
СһԸϽˮľ䣺ǲҪ˰ɣˮľ
ţǱǸըͷô
á
ǱߵȻôҲУ
ˣϴһϴͷȫֱǰС鷢ˡԭˮľʹϻͺҩʦ̫ˣʹײͲ̫ãٶϵ󻹲ãͷˡ
СǱߵĹʽͦÿģҪҪһ
Ҫͺˡ
أСһˡ

еʱǹر졣̫Ҫɽˣֵ˳극ʱ䣬ˮľСҵطͻȻǰһӰ
СȻȥɣһеҪ
ŶСģˡȻе֣һСˡ
Сȥˮľ߽Ǹʵڵľ
еġɡ
һլݶˮľͿ棬
ߵжϲڷ˵Զ¶ȪɣҪжֱҹ
˵ʲô
һֱλҪձҵ̵Ĵʦ
Ǹò¡
ǰҲձҵСһûͨҵĿˣȫѧУˡЩ˵붼ˡ
ϸ񰡣
ǸСӺܾܿҰϵѧˣдҰӣǲ
Ҫͷˡ
Ҳôá
Щʲôϵ㲻ֻ˵Щɣ
Ĭһʵɱѵʱʲôо
ǺĽ˰̰ˮľָоѾˡ
ˣȻǳϵĴ𰸡ɺǰĵɴ಻ѵ̬Զ
ҲƵľɣȻһĻȤ
ҲµĵһСľ͸©֪ˡǽƻļһ
ǽдǡ
֪ҵʱô𣿡
롣
ԭҾͺˣڸϲˡ
ãҲϲˣδˣղűߵλǡ
ǿ̫ˣҲǸġ
ҪûµĻˡ
´£ô
֪أ
Ҳ֪
㻹ʲôֶ߲ô
˵ǰ߾εĶ
ˮľ·ҪٶŮԡҿˣ͸©һϢһȥԣҿ˵˽´Ժ㰡˵겻ȿӦͷɿˡ
ΪȥãĿǺǣ˶ãûʱ俼Щˣƽǲãһ~


8 Ĵ
ԽĵڶҹˮľصҺŸоտį˵ѹָУİУЩûᵽ
Ȼ󣬽ǽʱ˰~ԡңˮľȵˮͷкܱȫŸ첲ģֲĴͼӡôǽָǴ
ЦһԼĶ˵ûһ뷨ǼٵģԭˮľͽֹջաǴˮľʵڲסӡڳĬ״̬ȫ޷ԼҲûʲô취˵̽磬˴оָܸҪ˵õĶûԼֻǸƷôҪϴ춹ǲӵе֮ӡ͵֮ӡȣԼΪ֮ӡʵ̧̫ˡǸãֻҪģΣ󣬶αúѹԼһ͸֧ĴһԽԼ浽֣ȫûʵԡ
ӡʵǿǿмѹ⣬ΨһķǻóѰָ˺̽磬еģ˵һǿҩʦɵĳȵȣЧĿ϶ֲǧϸˣǴɱŲؿָƣںдۣͰߡͲдۺֻۡؿȡľݵȵȡ
ϧϷˮľϱߣȫָϡ
ⶫǸװȻ״ʹʹôṩ䷽ҩҲѱⶫĳЩⱬԼ˸ɡҪ
˲ˮľӣ˿Լģȷʵоǰһͷ̫˵㣬Ժܺõ㣬ԵĻǲǴ۾ã뻹ˣҲ۾ס

ϴˮľĿڴϢ첻һк˼˯ǰʱˡһһۡǡá
Ȼʲô֮Ӣ۹£ûһҲӢۻ룬ľҶĽͦɹ
ˮľְ˦һߡڴϣ֣Ĭ˲һǳɫ
߰Ī磬һеľǲ˼Ķ
ӰĴԽ˵뷨ܺʹȫһΪƷǲ˵Ȼܶط岻ҲǵԼһʵ磬ܶɲԼ롣
ǰо仰ݵĺܺãٴı󲻹Ĺ̽ԭס۽ƣһЩˮľֱ漣ȫɳʶֲˡΪһԽߣȥʵʵڣˮľԼƣϵӽһ˼ʽԼ֪һ鱨ѹԼ̡˵ʲôָôԼȵĵľԲָĸ磬ԲԵ޹ʵջ񡣺ԵɵĽָȻζԼѾ˲صĴۣԼ֪ȫں
֮Դ׷ǿԼȴԽߵıӶˮľԾеߣȻӰʹ⡣
ഫ̽ԭûвֶԴˡǰ鱨ԴڴͲľҹһǿȷϵġǶνǲմսй˵ǲšε˵ֶǲҪģοʵֶ
ǰ֪ʶһյĻУûСء£صĲӣϵͳڻ𡣵ﵽֵˡ˻Ҳһ̽˵ʵ޷еʵȻôͲľҹԵ£ⲻ൱ԼһѵһȻԼһЦײ㹹ܼΪӴ󣬿޼ߣĿǰֳֻĲΧˡ
ǿ̽ǧʷûһܴﵽ˲ξ֪ܡô¾糡ľͿŵĶࡣܵ߶ֺӶᣬֶΣʵǱӶĳɹͲľҹС͵ջˣĿʲôö֪ǷеΪȴΪɣɵĺǳԼ⣬ֻҲɾݡ
ʹѾǼΪˣ޺Ͱ޲ת˶ͣжӰȻתģ޵ʬ⾡ܽ岻ֱӹꡣֻת۸ִͺһСϱһŰһһ飬ֵײѾȫ滵ǰʲôûУҲʵת˵ԭӵΨһܺͿƻóϱߵľӾˡԱ£ǰ;δ̽磬Ļ˵һ仰ףǲԳġ仰˵Ҳһֱûһȫɿʲôغغ㣿ʲôǶܴԽʱˣֱһƱԽ߶
ȻˮľԽ֮ǰϢʮ̽ҲûԼ뵽Ҳվ֡ǾºЧӦ˰
ܵ˵̽ʵǺĻأһɶʹһĻBOSS߸߾𣬵ҪȵģҲˡ籾ôûȥ롣Ҳ֮ʥءһĻȥˣҲ㲻ʲô㡣
˵˵ȥǲ뾫϶~һ˳뾫񣬻ʣʲôǺǣǸţӡ벻ʬת˲õĶ
ϣԶ׼һʣıȨ˵ˣֶӦôڣֻҪ֪ȡ൱ѷһõĺõˣõĲһޣޣߣ䣬˺õľǸӰ̾Ӣ֮мᣬپûнָʹ˵ˮľ̡ûߵģǽָûֵһڻҰɡ
ͷǣ˯ˮľһ䣺ȫָ硣Ȼ˯ˡ

ΰ֮䣬Χȫͷ׵ݣȥȫǸֹ½ľֱִһݡǸ߿Ľźͽǣһǹнϲǣβ
һݾһξСˮľһǻУһ߸ţ󲿷ǰԼСԭˮľġ
ͻȻԶƺһЩͬһԼͲԾƮ˹ȥһм䣬һӰ֡ƽ쳣ȫûκηӦһźݵǡȻˮľⲻܣ
鼤֮£ͻȻһŶˮľȻ𣬼ҵĴ
ԱһجˣΪһߣľǲһߵİԼߡ
Ҫ㡣
֪ˣ׼һ͵
˿⡣춼ˡ
ӵмѵӳ乤ߡ£;ıεʽӦǼпܵġⲻǸͨΣһԤ׵ĻҴ嵽񵽴ֱ۵ӡˮľĿЦ


9 Σղڶ
ͣˮľȥӰ칫ҵ·ϣ·ѧУʱ֣ѧ½½߽Уţ³ڰάֱҵ򣬿ƺõĲˡ
Ҳ֪᲻˵һǣΪЧӦûǿ̫ϧˡˮľ̲ס뵽
ҪҪߣ˵Ӱڸһ̰ѧ飬ȥ˲ðɡȥҲá
ˮľߵӰ칫ңŷͽˣ뿪ˮľߵľ
Ӵˮľ˸ͣһȻòĴк
ʲôˣǣ˵ҵķͲɣʶȺܸ߰Ҳϴˡ
˵ҲǣôҲˣѾδˡ
ô˵ʲô˵㲻ҪȥЩɰѧ
ǶһûϵȥԸȥ˯һ˵ĳ쵰ͣûú˯ˡ
ѧడ
ˮľǱ𿨿߽Ӱ칫ңֻʣ¼̺رڡϴ춹ɭϲǹ̿ԣкü£ô׼ߵЧҲ̫˰ɡ
ˮľź󲻶ɫߵһߣ۵ĵš
ˮľһʾ˵ˣôڿʼ񡣡
̿ԾºľҶСɰ̴ڵѺ̴彫һμӡͬʱɰ̴Ӱ͸Ҳǰۿ¹ش󣬲òǰ׼Ѿ尲ŷȿۡ
Ҳ˵õĳͷأˮľɻĽӹƻ飬ⷭ˿
ԭֻ࣬˸μӵһӿٺѲ񣬴ӵϴ춹ǻ̽ӦòᣬǾɺϣ
ˮľȫûȥһֱ˼еķռпֽܵŻúôĵطֱһа׵ԸûĻҾͿʼ׼ɣˮľͺ춹˽ɢ~
ܿ죬칫˾һ룬ֻʣˮľϴ춹
Ӱ˵ڵڶԣ춹Ϊ٣һҪţһҪƣȻܻѲԺ춹ҪóļƻصɭһҪϸ飬ֹƻΣľҶͬʱҲҪһ£ɭһֱûڹкܶԳʵЩҪɾˮľִУ춹ȷϡ쿪ʼɭֽ罫ʮʱ俪ţǱʮɡ
ǡˮľͺ춹
ˮľŶˮľ˵ϣִУҪҲ뿴鷢𣿡
ǣףˡ
ĳͷľҶ۳µĳͣûǩ״׼뿪ӡͬʱһ֮಻ٽӽˡȵ̿ԹЩ
ǡ
ˮľϣף飬ݣǴ֮ʣҾһĻ~
ˣȥ~ˮľ˵ͳˮľúʲôú춹תҡ
ǣˡˮľòת뿪
ʣˡ˼ں̣˼ȦȻԺ춹Ըˮľʲô֣͵¡˵ɱۡʮȻӰλõʾ۵һ档
ôᡣϴ춹Ȳѣˮľ춼˵ˣҲҪɱ۵ĳ̶Ȱɡ
֪˵Ŀǰȷʵ̫ˣвõԤСȻûзʲô֤ݣܾЩԾ
ϣҶˡֻδѡ춹һҪˣҪκֽšˣҲȥɡ
ǡϴ춹ת뿪
칫ֻʣһˣરળ̣֪ʲô

˻Ӱ칫ңˮľܻؼңûԣ˲һ·ľ
صңѸٹغŴϴʱһˮľ£סұϵӡһƨڴϡ
û뵽Σô죬ⶫǸ鷳Ͼһ
ˮľе㷢ȵӡϸ۲ţӡƺ΢΢ź⡣
֪ⲻףΪƷȶԿ϶ܲû뵽ô򵥾зӦˡ
ӡ춯ˮľ߽Ӱ칫Ҿͷˣҵʱֱ۶ȵ÷̣ûסԽǽӽϴ춹ӡԽǼҡ
ӡԾԭ򣬶ͺϴ춹ϵӡйϵˡ
˵ˮľϵİƷӡʵԭвδ֣ǶԭġˮľУûнӽӡˡⶫͬй
ԣӦòӡȷе˵ӦȻ߸ɴ
ӡֶǴͨѪ޽оģԴȴصĵ
ԴӴģʽʧܺоѪ޽ȴشչĽأҲǼأһӡԴԭΪ費ʬתǰĶȴž˵ǱȻܼ򵥵Ϊȷʵǲ˼ĶӡĶαǿβ⸨١ۺͺǲǺģʽ˵ӡһӻ汾ģʽҪȻҩʦҲܿŴͼ޳
һӡֱӻУԼıԴҲǲʬתֲˣͰ޺޵ĲתҲΪƣֻûа޺ǿʵתֻܿŶȡвٺ󻼵ĲӱƣٸһЩʱ䣬ǲŴ赽оʲô׵Ķ
ǸΣգȴҲǸһȻĺûᡣ
ΪƷӡȻԽȱݣȴҲ豾ԴıݣشҲڶȡˮľָϵ塣ְƷӡĹֻһʱ뿴Ŀ԰ɣһо˵һϡ档ؼҪȡƵķľҶ߲ˮľȫ޷ָľķаӡ̿о͸ùĿǰͿûϤֵزѱ᲻̫Ȼ֮ӡ̬ܴ󣬿ֻҪ״̬ɵҲ֪Լʹйϵˡ
ô죬ҪľУֻΪʵڿƲס˵ıֶΡôҪԶӡģʽˡ
ϧȻҪϴ춹һ񡣿ֻܾͲҪ©ˡˮľɵÿЦһ̶ͣ
ֱһȣˮľϽ·һӰòĴϴ춹
ǰԤҲ֮ϲˡ
ôڣصģݲؽ
˵ҿδ޵ġ
δޣһȻҲδޣϹˡ
˵~ˮľͶǸռôôʲô£
һȥɭֵһ£Ҫϲϸһ̿ԵϸڣҪһݱĿʱûʱȥɭ֪֡ͨһ
֪ˡ
˵δ˭ʮ֪ĸϹ۵Ĺ￴أ
Ϲۻʧˣҵδ޽ǧ活
ŶǸӡ޴ڸУƶȵβȻûʲô۹ױƭ͡
ȷʵڸкϴ춹ûȣؼŮԶԶǴڸбĺ춹ˡ
ˣ˵ˣˣҵȻỹҪȥѺȾơؼ˵һͲˡ
ˡˮľҸ첲šҲǵºڰɣһֱûע⣬СǷӡģ˵һӡҵһЩ󳹵׽ֻҪʱѹƾˡʱȥʣҪϽжˣͽɣȥСҲá


10 ѧһ
ǰ۵С¥ˮľȫû뵽ӡôңǷӡֱࣿɢ߼ɢءƽ̫ãľҶڲѾˡӡٵÿôϣȫͷӡ϶ϵֻеȸּ̳лӰŻӡɡ
ˮľﲻɵһϣˡ
ԭΪô˵Ҳ̽߶֮һóӡһ嶼ɵ壬ľҶô˵оӡĵطҲǻصأû뵽Լô׵Ľ˲һĻ
ˮľķӡĺоصҪôĻֻǳΪճӡάܺҪôǷӡѾΪȨյĻܵˡ
ӡȻһֱɽ¶ˮҪӹɣ³ʹõķ⸿ҲʹõķӡӷаӡӡӡӡһǷӡӦãͲľҹҲǱӡơĿǰӡǱֱԹ֪ӡʵֵЧƺûʲôзӡ顣
ˮľôˣһһȵŮǧ活
㣬Сˮľתͷ쿪ʼҾҪˣܾûʱ㣬пգ͹ˡ
ǰôôȤǲ鷳
ǣ˰ŵΣյǺܴ󣬾Ƿǳʱ䡣
Ǿͺãˮľ°ʱ仹磬ȿɣһҪͲ~
ȥæɣС㿴

ˮľ¥Ｘ˸飬æµӰûҵмֵĶסһʵǱߵǸϵ;ʲôܿ𣿡
Ŷ˵Щ󲿷ֶһЩľҶ󷨵άϢ¼в߰ĶҲ֪ʲôã¼Ϣ͹ڲˣЩʱҪ٣Կǲܴߡ
֪ˣҾ㿴ʱ䣬ȥæɣǸˡ
Ŀλ뿪ˮľһӣϵͿ
ԭֻʱ˳ǽģԽˮľüͷԽ𡣲֪˶áˮľеľŻܡ
û뵽֮еջ񡣡ˮľ˰ͷǵ̫ѨӡиӵΣգҲӵĲ˼顣ѹͲľҹԷӡް취
ˮľЩϵϢȷʵ壬ǰ߼óĽۣȻܹԼʲôʵϵǼӵջȴԶ
Ŀǰ˵ӡġȼֱߵס
ûˮľҲһӡҲ֪һ㣬ǴûоЩ鱨ˡ̽󲿷߿ϵľᣬҲֻᵱһˮľȴпһ˿ߡ
ӡ־Ĺƺ죬һȷɡ
ǰһܻĿƻС˵С塷еһλԼӡ̣˵罫һŻһ磬˾ܵڻÿһ׾ʹһĻֽϹе˾ϸĿѧоͻóһǵÿһ׾ͱضһǲǺܿЦ˵ǸֽС˵Ժ͹򡣶Ӧ̽磬ӡĸֻƺһԵĻӡ򡢷֮ʲôһһĿܵĻֻҪŪȡþԸ߶˵ԾԵѹƣͬ÷ӡԿȻǺѶԸġ
ǷӡҪԴʵȡóɹҪʱоĿǰҪľʱˡҪ취ȡֳɵķӡ֪ʶоˡȻԼǰѧ֪ʶ츳ӸȤѧϰƽ⣬ϱˮľѧʶӡԼ׵ĿʵĶˡ
뵽⣬ˮľٳһݾᣬ
֪̫ѾбˮľȻѧϰĿУǰԼһǿõóֵس
ͻȻˮľһֱֵ۴һ궯
Ǻ춹ôˣ
ףˮľôĶܿ㣿Сδ޵ģ˶ûȴ
ǣʱ仹磬ʱС°ࡣʲô
̿Ե֮͵֮ϵķӡʽ˵ӡֳɵģҿڲڡ
ŶǾͲ֪ˣҿǺģҶ̫ˡ
ȥ˵˵е˹ȥ
ˮľû̫࣬žᣬֱС

ǰǶԷӡֲ߶ĶȤôôôСʵ
û£ʱҲá˿Ҳͦ˼ġ
ŶȤĻҿԽ㣬ȻһҲ࣬̽Ҳˡ
ðˮľ֮á
ţʲô
⡣
˳һȥ˰ɣþûһˡ
⣬Ҫˡ
ˣ֪ˡСЦ

ڶһ磬ˮľ֡
⣬Ǵ󰡣ֻľԶǴһŵĴڣʲôĿ¶˵׼
ŵˮľȴûԥһͷïܵ֡

ڽͷͷҰˮľɵóһһʯϢ
ͷҰֱϻսȫһܱȵģҪǶͷҶ׸㶨ѹܹͨĶֻҪӿƣǻʵˮɵ顣Ų磬ϰ˺ǻ򽻵ˣˣ֮ĵʲôĿĲ֮ĿĻǲԤϰ
ϢһᣬˮľٴչѰæţֱ
ô£˵컹ɺϵĻô˵ȥˣ˵˲˹ȴȻڰмӣˮľɵһŭ
ȷԼû¶ţȻм𣿿鲻ˡԼʱҲûʲôжƻԭֲֻһЩֵ뷨Ҳֻʱˡ
ˮľͰִһ޴󻯵ˮľϣֱ̫ɽˮľž뿪ֱִ⣬ϴ춹Ѿһˡ
Σ
춹ˣܶ࣬أʮеǿΪӦ֧ԮǿסˮľΪ³Ǹİ֡޴ǿս³һַ⸿ǾѵԸ̲ߵʡ
ţһ˷ӦġˣȻȥɣ⼯ϡ
ǡˮľҲȥܶʱСһ·ӡ⡣ȻڰԶԼ̵ţˮľԼ˵ѧϰս츳ĲһĻѧϰһĶҪ׵öࡣ


11 
ľҶӰ칫ңɭϲϴ춹ű档
ɣݼƻִУȥǺ͸͸̴ϵˣ鱨Ҫʵ̴μӿԵϣͷĿӵ鱨ԲòݵΣ켣С֣صķԸ
ˮľҪ֧Ԯ⣬̺Ұ³֣ͬʱؿ⣬ָСĿǰáַCϴ춹ʱӳΣ죬֡
ˣؿСӵ̽꼫пܻμ̿ԣǰ뿼᲻̲̫ƽ飿춹Լʡ
˵̸ձҵɲóȥҲؿ̿סѾûжˣɡ
ǡ

ȻǸͷ׵磬Ǹ޷ӦһľȻԭˮľκϴβͬռŵĺɫʹһжԵر죬źޱݣ͸˿˿аȣӰƺҪĺɡˮļֿ̌ԼԼҲͬģһ˫ֱȫ赲ɫʴ
ԽԽ鷳ˣӡԾĶôһ㶼Ӧʱ䰡취ĻԤϵĶԽԽˣ鷳һĻԽԽѴˡ
涼ܵв޷ӡ;˫ʴ֮ǰ޷һʵǷȱʱ̫˰

ڶһ磬ˮľշԸ⣬³Ѿڵˣͬʱ̣Σ
³û뵽㻹˰
ˮľʦϺ~òĴкҲͷʾ⡣
ǺúӰĳûòʦȫܱȡ
ûòǱǸ˵ĳ۸ڶļһ㲻ӰǲŲһֹط
˵ˣԼƸˣֲεļһʵ̫ɺ~
Ϊ˵˭쵰³ߵ
ӣ˶ˣǹϵôҲͷˣϣҪúมͻȻֵϴ춹޼ɵĺ˵˵ȻôоǾ͸Ͻɻɡ

ڶ˼֣Ч˲٣м̰æպǣƣټ³ˮľ춹ķٶԼӿ죬ʹϸǳ鷳ĹҲ˳Ľˡ
ٽ磬˸ɾտĵطɨһ£͵ؿʼϢ͡
³һַӡʲôʱѧģòƲôζ㱻ˡˮľ߳Ա³ʵ
˵⸿ѧþˣһֱɲʲôóûʲôʹãõĲ̫á
Ȼأ³ʲôǰ~
ǻǶԲ˰ĳ˻۰Ͱ͵ĵæ
˵³ѧУʦݺǰ;ְҵɣôϹѧʲôӡѧУСҲòô߶˵ĶˮľװΪ³ӣ˵̾˿
Ҫ£ҲһЩģ˵һӰλþֵأ
޷Ҫ³ϻӰľҶʲôӡˮľ̾һ˵
ͺúڴһɣ쵰³ҧгݵ˵
ԱߵСһĽĲԵˮľʦ³ʦĹϵǺðĽ~
СĻæϵϹ˵Сֻ۾ǹϵˣҾҪȥúüһ۾ˡ
죬㲻˵鰡λʦ༤ŶСһķ
СҿŶ˵ˮľСĴָ¶һЦ
⳶ϣ춹Ҳ˵˵鷳ˣԭǲҪô鷳ģʱʵ̫ˡԲòѿе̵æˡһǺġ
ǰ˵һô㣬Ҷҿ˰³ЦҪľҶ̶㣬ҿһݺˡ~
ΪһѧУʦѧǰôûɾûô³춹ҲʼȡЦ³
ˮľҲ͵ľҶǺҪĴɤչѧУСģҲû˭ȺűСϷˡ˵صộҲǶûˡ
ˮľʦǺ𣿡
ţС治˵ร츳ŬѾǳˣŬȥĻ˵ܵõؿ̵洫
̫ˣҾ֪ʦƭҵģഺǻˮС˵
Ҳ൱㣬Ȼȭ̫Ϥ˵ʵĿǰˮ׼һ̶ѻˡ츳Ŭȱߣǰ;һƬģʲôʵǰ;̫ˡ
ˮľ˶١
ôˮľʦǲҲǳ㣿һڴʵ
Ȼսʽ̫Ϥǰ;Ҳò׼~ˮľһˮ˵Ĳ̸Ҿǲѡม
ɶһ׵ô⽹ۡ
˵ľȣˮľ˵ƽʱսʽ߲̾ҪǮƵҶ൱ǮɣҪȢ㵱ӣٷܶʮһˣһôɰǮƯŮ߿ϡȱԴҪԸĻŮҲǺֵม
ں˵˵Щʲôôѧͺǰ˵ֻ³ʵ̲סǳ⡣
ŮʲôģҪ~һߺߵ˵һΡ
춹Ҳ˵ˮľĿŵɧͬŮ߰㲻δ޲𣿡
ôɧţֻʵʵ˵Ϳɰĺ̸̸˳Ὠˡˮľæϵ˵ˣСŲôС۵ˣǹϵأòź춹˲ˡ
ʦѾδ𣿡Сʵ
ǵģδǺ÷һ𳤴~ˮľ˵ʵҲһȷǳҵδأûʲôصûʲô츳ǲǲ̫ʺϵ߰ûû˵΢ĳͣףʵ̫ˡ˵ʲôʱûǮˣǲǸûְҵˣ
ˮľһ㽵˵ҪҪȥݵӰǿ˵ǸʲôӰǺܻôŮҲƯأ˵׬˲ǮߵĶܻӭĽнӴҪһҲ˴ǣҲΪЩ鷳·ˡһصľҶǲҲܵӰ˵нӴأʱ뿴ҵıȻˣҲǵģһúÿƸǵҵıڵģǵıģ~
˵ǸӰ~Сһ¶˵
ˣˮľʱͣĴΣ˵ɣϢҲˣʼɻϴ춹



12 ܵĲ
һֱ̫ȫɽˮľŽصңСѾڼҵˡ
컹˳ɣ˵ӵϴ춹ر̡
ţûʲôر飬ͦ˳ģԭƻʮɣڶ˼֣ŬĻܲǰɡ
Ǿͺá˵³Ҳڡǽദðɡ
ţģûʲôġ
ǾͺáСˣһЩӡĻϣˣԿ˵á
ллˡСˮľ˵˵ȳԷɡ
á
ʱһ
ʱˣ˭
ˮľȥţ³
Ӵ³ôˣʲô𣿡
³ҪҪһԷĶСҲ
ˣϾߣġ˵³ӻóһݸˮľ
ʲô
ӡᣬмʮּ򵥵ķӡСɡ
֪Ҫ
ˮľôҲʮ˰ɣ㻹е˽ģҪȻԵ޹˵⸿󣿡
ðɣ³ȷʵһԾҩϺˡ
ȵȡ˵꣬ˮľᶪ³
ҵĻʹĵúһԼҩ֪ʶȻʲô˲ĶӦùˡ
ˮľǣ
ҿɲǷ飬ĻǷˡ
~Ҿ͹ˣллˡ
òţ㻹ôɡ
Ǿˣˣټ
ȵȣ³ˮľͻȻı˵Ƿһ飬´ʲô¿ҡȻ³ʶԼ˴ˮľȴ޷ԭԼѵ֪ռˡ
㡣

ݵ³æµС˿еľᡣ
ǲǸҼˣһ˵ǺѡԼûǸ콨ԼĹϵʮбҪ˵ʲôʱܴ档һ̶ȵĽʶԼҲһֱ
ļ죬ˮľÿ飬ʵʵ񣬵ڰ죬̾Ͳٸ棬Ҫ漰ĲãȻǻ֪̿ԵϢǸֱ̿صĲ־Ͳǲˡ³ˮľϴ춹һֱӰ沢ȡϿɺ󣬲ŵõ˼ѵõļڡ
еˮľڴ̨ɹ̫ŴȺ
ƽٵľ󲻳˰ˮľעתƵ̨ϻм۵ֲ
⼸궼ɭдֲͨǾʵ飬ķһЩı䡣һƸֲԭԷֳ٣ΪһͨҩĹΪ֪ǾԼչֳʮǿʹɼΣ᳤ֻһζѿһݵĴٵʳֲ⼸Ȼ޴󻯣żȸ֮ĶղԵˣѸ͵ӣɹɸɲҲˮĻȵȡŨĲ£һЩı仯
⻹˸еԾģˮľתͷмһУŵһЩ͸ϸǵ塣ֻ趯ųĴ֣ζǾ۳һŵм͸źɫ㣬֪Щǻġ
ˮľҹ̯ϷֵؿزһټˮĸԾҡһˮľͺԥȻڼУع۲졣ǾŨУι˲ԼѪ״ˮľϲķ֣ˮĸǰĵˮĸżΪƵص㡣ĳ˵ˮĸǰֵΨһһֳ֣ʣˮĸͿԶȥΪһԡˮĸ󣬻ֱ˻ˮ״̬ٴɳΪˮĸܶʼֱ챻ʳ߳Ե
ڳĿһֱǿģβоô꣬ҲһƵĳʬתĳ˵ϵĿܡǲʵǸα⣬ǿ޳ʱϿһΪ߲ĳȥǽϵĳҲǼܰ쵽飬ǰĿƼֻ˵ˮĸ۵漣ɴ˿ɼжѡ
ӵвֵ磬кõزģʵһ̶ϵĳļʮпܵġ˵ˮĸֵԸߴ裬һоΪǿת
ȻûдַӿѧҰĿȣһвַһɡлܵĲ
⼸ʵУˮľһֻˮĸǩͨԼȻΪˮĸȫȡκҲȫɲóڵˮĸתѺ˻ˮʵУȫ֤ͨԼĸ岢δʧʵš
ˮľ̽＼鼫ΪΡڲĴڣΪǿڼªֲ¡ּҲŪŴֻۣʵУȻõҰںϵķʽȫûǰƻħ֮ľȷתΪҪɡֻҪͨҰںϣʵ࣬ܵõԼҪĽҲǻƼͳĹ֮ͬɣֻҪˣһ̽ᱻʶĺӡ
뵽⣬ˮľ˴ֲֲ̨Ƕ׵ķӡŲע룬Щ󷨽ٴοʼȫ
Щ󷨾⼸ˮľоĳɹĿǰʵսԶǼ򵥵ľۼγһĸѾˡͷӡĻԭ˵ĿǰǿֻʵֵĽʺͲķӡԴĻδɣֻһδעάַתʵֵЧȽϼ򵥵ķӡ⸿ԼСķӡʱŪˣ漰εӡԷӡԼзӡȻһ֪⡣ǿĻھԷӡŸţܹһξ롣
˿ҲûʲôģȷһԼıûʲôˮľеĳŹȥˣһڼҲ벻취˵ˮĸľϲҲ˵
һߣľҶӰ칫ңȡˮľı档
⼸ˮľȫûһɵĵط𣿡ʵ
ǵģˣɭֵ˼Ϊϸļ飬ȷвûʲô׵ĵطϴ춹Ҳûзκο֮
⼸ˮľڸʲô
ݼڼңżȥй䡣
Ӵʲô𣿡
ûз֣Ӵֻ³δǧ活ҲֻǺͽϵ̷ͨн̸ǶѾʵû⡣
̷
ǣˮľƺҩͶҩĳЩоɭд˼ֲֳҩģϸѾ¼ڱˣ̷˼ֶ棬Щˮľڼƺӡ
Ŷ˷ϵı棬ûзʲô⡣
綾ˮĸҪʲô
Ŀǰˮľдֳ˼Ӧȡҩ
šٴη˷ˮľĻϡˮľΪһȫûдеƽߡͨͨ޳ʵĵطͨĻûм۵ĸֶΪֻܰƶҩΪֶβ֣Ͼǰˮľжʹöҩļ¼
롣
ڿʼˮľȫȡΪصأˮľݼٽЭ༰šˮľֵB񣬱뽻ҹĿ
ǡ


13 ֪
ȻǸݵľ磬ĺɫϢ޿ײ룬ԭˮľϷĺѾ˿ԭģˡ͸⣬Լɫ·鲼ȫ
ѾˣԭˮľѾŲ˶ˡ
ˮľĬ˾˫֣ԭһâķ𽥷Ŀ̹⣬γһƬĹĤɫӰУڡ
ҪӡԼͱӿıʴʶȫʧˣϧһİԷӡûգҪȻھͿԶһӴĲԴˡ
ڵһڵľˮľͶľ״ϸʶ֮أȻһ䴩Խ߶ͿԼ򵥸ʵȴԶô򵥡
ͷᵽʲôңҺͳҵĸ˵ʵ̫ҲĿǰ״˵ҲֻǾ񾳽ϵĲ죬ؼҪʶҺˣʣԼӵǰļ䣬ǾδԽ㲻Ƿ񻹴һҴԼƽһԼһļ崩Խö֪ⶼ޹ؽҪǰԶԼȥԼһˮľһʣؼǶǸһ
ͱԼںƽһ־˵ܹԭˮľսң־ᶨƫִߡ־ռţοսôô׾ͱܣʵѾôԵɡͻ괩һ˵ԼʵķԶԶ磬Ƿ̵Ĺؼϵľ޴ࡣˮľ̶̲ʮôܱȵǰ֪ʶըϢͺñȺڿ֣ǿļԶĳˮ˲ͻᵱ
Ծ˵ʤȡһСҲûԵɵĴһ˫ꡣʣˮľˣԼˮľһоͿ֪Ǹһɥʧһеˡ⣬ˮľһֱᴦھĬ״̬߻ʧ
ѧ˵ʲôͼΪǼ֪ʶȻҲΪ伴ꡣǱʣ֪Ļһ㲻䡣Щ֮ҼڼĿǰ״ģԭˮľʧܿʼԼˮľԭˮľʧȥ֪Ļʹ˵·ʯͷ졣ֻһʵ磬һҵС
ԭӦûΪӡһз˱仯
ӡǴģʽͲʬתоĳɹж;˫ʴЧ֮ӡ͵֮ӡԼԼӡϵ˺Զ׼ģֻԼƷذˡ
ʴ棬֮ӡ͵֮ӡʴͨ걸еģԴת׼ԼӡʡһǾϵʴ˱仰˵ʶʴͬȻ걸ôԡȴΪ鷳
ҺáӡʱԼûԽӡ廹ԭˮľϣӦھ磬ǶʴԶԶԼأټԼǰµķӡʽʹԼܵʴСˣҲѾǺˡ
ʵ˵ԼӡȻȫҲȻ𵽷ӦӦ޷ﵽ̶ֳȡʵԹԼԭˮľԼᣬɥʧȻҲʧȥԼϵıܷ˫˫󿪣ȫʧȥټϾϴ춹ͬԴļнϻ𣬵ȼȫ赲Ųһ¹򣬶Ѿ쳹ˡƲþͻȫ
˵мʶڵĻ˵Ӣ֮ĴڰɣĻɾͲˡ
־ĸźɫϢƺʲôо
޶⣬ȻŹ죬ǽϵ𣿻˵ʵ粢޶⣬ֻǱܺĮĵĽ~
ţԣΪˣɫı仯ӦǱʶĽ䱸ɫʾɫΣֻıܣѾԼƣڱԼҪץʱˡ

峿ˮľһоѡ
г԰
𴲵ˮľȼһԼıˮĸٿ˿ֲϧֲһжȻĵ߽ԡȥ
Ŵ¾ԼòѾ˲Сı仯
ͷ̫ˣѹ硣ǰѾһΣֿҪס۾ˡ~
ˮľ̫Ѩ״ԽԽˡ
ԭˮľ©ףȻԴԴӡԾϵ˺ʱӡƣʵ̫ˡаӡҪ׼ˣôܼܲصɷӡҪ취~

ڒϵˮľˡԴӽӵÿǰһ׼ʱ°࣬úһѰ쳯ĸо
ԽԽˮľܻʱ䲹Լ³´лٶȲȴɢһա弫ա
ⲻǴɫʦ𣿡
ĸ쵰ôûòű˯Ͳôˮľˬۿ˿
ףⲻˣʦǸʧˡˮľӹ񱨸棬Ȼȷɡ
ϴθлҵӵչˣˮľؿˬʵ˵
ˣѧ㡣̶оѹܴء
ǶഺĴָݣѪʦķ̫ˡ
ˮľڨЦؿ˼̰һCˡ
ء
˵ǰˮľԱһ˽ӻ
ţ³ʲôʱģϢг
̫и˰ɣд˯Сıнˮ³Ц
ҲûнˮˮľС졣µнˮͱˡ
ˮľһίУ㿴ûʲôͶλCˡ
ţҿ
ӹ룬ˮľһۣԭĲɵ˼һɨա
֮ô죿
ˮľˣԭΪ̿ǰǶҪĸѵʱԶжࡣͷĿǰһţôҲһ顣ʱίƺ̫֡
ͼ𣿡
룬ˮľ³˵ȵȵȣȥʾһ¡
һͨĻͼ񣬶Ŀܶɽǿһͨˣʲô𣿡
˵ãȽϺá
˵ˮľӰ칫ҡ
Ӱ칫ǰˮľš

ˮľŽȥ
ˡ
ˮľʲô£
ոսӵһίУҾ⡣
ţ
ˮľı濴˿
˵ܼ򵥣ί˵λCȽ׵ʲô𣿡
ˣ飬ҾҪһµ顣
飿
ǵġˮľ϶񾭹֮ƶһЩ̾񡣡
ǻǻûǮӦû˵ǷľҶߵӶɡ
ǣӰˣһί˻ѱȼˮľ˶˵ǣһȫ飬ԲС£ǣ浽̫棬ѱա
š˺һ˵˵еʼ֮ǰ͵ίˣ̫׵ľҶֽţûа취Զ֮ʱһᰲʵ񡣡
֪ˣˡ
˵ˮľ˳
ʷĹ̫ˣû̫ǿʵӰ֮ǰıʮּѡҲûкôˢˢڸУ˵ջ񡣡
ٲնףԼĿǰܶԸģԼ廹״̬ɷаӡ£



14 ӡ
̶ʮУˮľֳˣǳûиɾĿŵ˯λͬΪˮľһֱаʱ°࣬Ҳûгʲôһֱû鷳
ͷҲ˶٣ȥ˯ˮľ˯ʵıԹ
ʵ̫ˣˮľôȥӰǴίеġԱһıԹ
Ǹ³ôףô³Ҳˣ͵ȥˣ֪ʲôʱ߶˵ˮľ㲻״ˡ
³뿪࣬Ѿˡ޺޵˵ˮľôƣҪҪϢһ᣿
ˡˮľǽϵӱ°ˣҪϽȥԷˡ
һﶼԼ춼Щʲô
˯~ˮľֱ׳˵
ڸʲô
ϵȻҲ˯ˣȻܸʲôˮľһӰ׳յŸ¶Ҫʣ
Ѫĸˮľ׼ؼˡ
ˮľ𣿡ǧ活ˮľˡ
ţСã׼ˣ
׼ˣȥɣ컹Ҫ⣿
ରɣζ
ãǸϽ߰ɣ଻ʱ̫Ҫ󡣡
û£żҪŪ̫Ͳȥˣס°~
ȻֻСˮľ첲ʩʩȻˡһرһĵҡ
صңѾ׺ˮľСȴеٯٯ
ˮľһҪôֱӰæĻһûµġСǵ˵
еģСôӷ֡ⶫϴ춹ӡ̫ˣһ֪Һʹйϵֻ鷳ġҪʲô£ܱһӶˡ
СҲãòС¶
С˲˵ˡ
ģٺʹǣˣֻҪӡЧӡû֪ҲϽĻ̫ҵֲ˶ˡ
ˮľѾץһʱϢˣʳ£廹ÿ£ôȥ϶ᱻ˷ֲԡ
Ĳ˰ɣ
Ȼˣʲôʱƭ㡣һڲԶˣҿɲʲôҪʱ̣İɣС׼ʩϣȻǾͿʼ
ǺðɡȻ˵СҲ¶ġ
Թ֮󣬴һʰ׵ˮľ˷ļӽ磬ûз쳣
û˼ӡ
Ԥһϵû˻ӳӺδ޶һҵ״
һ׼ˮľó⼸׼õʩϣ̻ӡһСʱæ
ڿ̻꾭μˮľ룬ǧ活˵ˣҪţʱ仹ܳԣ
С󣬽ӹʩϣʼˮľġдӡģǱˮľԼԿĵط
ʱţСͷҲ˺ˮҪǵһʩڽš
ùС˵ˡ
ҪӵķתӡҲŪ˰ɣˮľʵ
ţѾҪ˺ţֻҪƵǸ񲨶ӡͻᷴתӡСʮĵ˵ǣֻҪӡͻἫΪʲôҪ©
б޻ɣ˵õϣҲϣûһɡˮľ
ʵҪһˮľû˵ھѾӡֻҪԴ򿪵բͿʱǿԼľȴеڶӡ˺ֲԾҪ׵öࡣ
ôʼɣ׼𣿡ˮľȷϵ
ţˡ
ͷˮľСһ֣һ֣Ͻӡ
ԭˮľɷӡһԼԷӡЩĶ⣬ԭеķӡ״ӡͷӡʹﵽԶĳ̶ȣӡҪȷٿصˮľòһЭδǧ活ֵεˡѣֻռţСԼʩ
һ׼Ĳˣˮľתұϵӡֻӡ仯״һɫƣȫ̹ǵʹ㽫ˮľŪιȥ
Сʼ~
áСְˮľұӡаӡ~
ʱϵķӡųɵİ׹⣬һӡ类һżеʩұϡһʹо಻ϮˮľһȾûˡĲ˽ӡ˫ֻ㼯ͨСעˮľұ۵ķӡ֮С
̶ӣˮľ͸оҪһӵʹ඼ˡˮľֲ֧סʱֻСһ⡣ֻҸ첲һȫ·𶼼еһ𡣾ʹͻȻķɡóˮľ¡С״æˮľڵϡ
ˣȫʪ͸ˮľ˵
ţ㻹ðɡСҲ۵ùǺͷ󺹡
Ǿͺãû~˵˹ȥ
һˮľ˯һʲô룬ʲô֪ƣζûС˯ȻѵĸоѾΥˡ
ˮľСҲڴ˯ˡ
չһҹ㵣ˡҲûС׾˯
ţˮľˣ߻Ǿз紵ݶͱˡ
Сллˣ㵣ˣǸ
û¾ͺáСЦ˵ҪҪ٣
ˣҵĹǺ鷳žͺãۡ
СЦѾˣǶĴˡ
ʲôı̫ȽϺãȻ͹̫ˡˮľν˵ͺñޣȻ˫˫ٵ˵ʲôԣ
ѽСǾȣһߣǿôźã
ʲôٵˣ԰ɡ
ˣô˵Ͻߡ˵겻ˮľӦ׼ųš
СݵĳȥиõĴԵร
ǸϽȥ׼㺦ˡ
ʲôܱô˵㶼ҵδޣĽˣ
˭Ľˣ㻰࣬Ͻʰ

ϣˮľûгٵ
ô㣿첻ô
Ǵֵֵ࣬ˡ
ˮľµ˵治
ϻˣϽɻ
һûͣûôҪҪһ
лˣáôô
̫ۣ˯ͷˡ
̫ۣ
һĽı֪ˣˮľҲ;ˡ
ھͽеʳԵˮľʵǸʲôò񶼲Ǻܶడͦеġ
ôоͰһ͸˰ɣЩرصյί񡣡
ţȥɡˮľӹ㷭˷
֮񣿿ҵҲȫùˮľ뵽Ȼ˵⣬Ҳй飬ʹûȥ֮ߵֶΣһƹͷһ鱨̫ˣȫ֪ڿȻѾôɳСҪʵ㹻Ϊգô˳£˳ҲԿǲ;βãĨƽԼһʱɺЧӦܴı仯ȽϺá
û㹻ʵǰԭ飬鱨Ʋܶȹһؿ顣
ˮľӰ칫ʱľСѾˣʱ
ߺ鼴̤˴ĵ·ǰתְNPCûҵؼ㣬ʵвʰ


15 ֪ʶ
أˮľȴкþò
ⲻˮľɫôǲʲôõˣ˵ã߹͵أ
ô᣿ҿǰھҵĵ䷶ĪĳٵĳЩɢ߲һģ
һԵ̸ͬܵĵͷƺ˵ӡ
ῨˮľǰίеϽ
ˣҪίе
šַ˷ȥɡ
ǡ
һԵίУæʵʲôǱӪȹɣ
ף˾ҲڰǸû㣬̫ˣһʵڲۣҶû~
ϣ¶˿˿ߵĴҰӣǲŷˮľ˵Լ
쵰󻵵ʦҲ~
Сӣæסˡ
ˣˮľԿ˵пһ棬ǰ˵ǼĿรģ˧ʲô̶ȣԵߵأ
㻹óһĺ˵˵ء̺Ŀ𵽡
ǲǺ˵˵ͦ˵˵ˮľ뿪˻Ӱ칫ҡ
صˮľֻصµ״̬С
ʲôأˣ˯㾫ɣϻȥʵ鰡
ôôΰ֮䣬ˮľӰӰԼԼڽԼ
ˬ˫ۣ˸ˮľǷʵʲô£
ˣ쵰ʦǼ񡣡
ΪʲôƫҪңϲ𣿡ˮľָָԱߡ
ףôˣθе߶ȥˣǰ;δ
ûʸ˵ָֻˮľ˯Ŀˮе
ˣ̾Ҫ̵ģʵ̫ûòˡίиҿ
һ޵ĵݹӡ
ˮľӹ˿
Ȼǲ֮񡣡
ͬ𣿡ˮľһߵĿ֪ʵ˵˵ô鷳òҪʱɡ
ͬˡ̳ӳʶҲá
Ҳûİɡ
š
ôͺɡõǼǼˮľ˵
ʱСӣͻȻ˼˵Ǹˮľʦ֪ûмʦ׳ʲô
ûаû˼Ҿ֪һΣ˵Ǹ˧硣
𣿺
һԵĿԵҲʲôܣԺлǿġڸϽȥ׼ͳ
ֻź뿪
ĿͿС뿪ˮľٴαĿ񣬲þͽ硣
ʱ׾Թ϶еǹúܿ졣ˮľͰϰ࣬ʵˮľѾҪʱʱ̱̿ˣϰߺʵԸı䣬ټϹʵ̫ˣһ̲ס˯ϣˮľһֱоֲˮĸı仯ڴ׽˵ʵɹ޼ˮľȻ棬ǶԼֱӰȴ󣬶Ҷһֲȱ㣬ǾǱ̫
ȻнκһַָܳɳΪһ仰˵ϸȫԼǿҲɵϸΪֲһ˵ǿȫ۵ϸ˷ֳأֻʣ¹ϸˣҲ͸ȫԲһһ˵ԽǸ߼ϸȫԾԽ
ˮĸȷʵĽҸѵҲʵԼǿõĺþǴɱ
ǣ˵ˣҲĳЩȽƣﲻ֪ٶΪʳһѻճɻҽ
ˮĸֻˮвᣬһСӾܲȳɱʵǲá
ôˣˮľȻûҵһֻȡǿķҲһһЩι״ֻŵȸ˫ͷ󣬳ָ۵棬żҲһЩȽġ
ˮľȽȫ٣ü¼󣬽ʣ±Ƚķֳ֣һעɫҩȻֳΣעűࡣһעɫҩȻֱȦ
һУˮľٴΰעڸˮĸʵϡ
ô˵ˮľò̾ıѹִһ˾Ϳӿѧ滵硣ֱͿָ߿ƼĹ۲켰ֲûвһж޷ʵ֣ʱˮľòǲ壬Ȼۺд۽¶ĴڣмֻҪһһļһ԰ۺд۵ĶΣֱˣһﻹõ塢ʲôڼҷּңֱЦˡƾԼ¶ԸһСˣʵǲò֪̾ʶ
ʵˮľ⼸¾£ֳȻƻضŴ룬̭ʵ顣
ˮľ֪ǰȫĿƼһֵĻٶġԼһ˳׸һȲʵҲȫûбҪֻҪƻضŴ룬һαƻûбֳӦԾ͹ˣҵ㣬ͨһαƻĻת¼Ӧĵøעܲþˡǰиôġ
Ŀǰ˵ˮľȡɫҩҲǸбֳϸȫԵЧʡֳεĸСֻҪǵעһɫҩγһһЩȱ֫ʵעҲʵֶ֫ˡʱͼպõĻܻڲʵĵطҪ٣ҲͲˡ
Уֲʵûʲô״ȻֲҲ̸ʲôض״ˡԺǸ棬󲿷ֶȽСȸС֮ı־ͨͨ׳ֻΡٴ͵ʱûʵˣ͹ĿǰûһϴʵңڼŪʵڲ񻰡
һֽչСĶ࣬ŴĿǰȫûҵѵĿСнչɫҩֻڼ͵ȵˮֲϳɹע󲿷ֶ䣬ֶԴĹֳԼ˶Ϊġ߼ಸ࣬עһһһһĶûСˮľת뷨ɫҩʹãȡһЩĳɹʴӣҲͲ٣֮ϲûоʵ飬ʵԲö֪
ľҶﻹ̫ˣҪһһһĵطˡ
طʵһԭᵽˮľΪ˻ȡӡڴһصĵط˼ҩǸطľҶԶ˼˵Ǹõط
̿ԺȥɡиʵһǺбҪġ
뵽⣬ˮľͻȻһȡһӡᣬ⿪һˮףһɫҩУһųβ͵״
û뵽ԼθͷҲֹܳǹﰡ𣿡
һӪҺȥˮľٴηӡ
һЩõóֵĶžˣȻϲ̨棬ҲЩ׼̺ô~


16 Ԯ
һȥ紺ĺԶȥһգľҶҲԽԽ֡ںƽĵʱȫûע⵽ǱΣգľҶһв赲ڴ֮⣬ʮǰβϮ壬һľҶֱӽʲôʱû˼ǵˡ
̿ԵӽƽˮľҲӿ׼ΣӵֿԵĶΣͬʱҲ̺ĻһɲϢòƽӹĺʹ
ˮľȻҲϲֺгӣս޷£ôǻˮҲǲѡ
ˮľΪͻôһֱȵϮľҶʱˮľյ˽ټòNPCеĹ
ˮľӰ칫ҵʱѾв˵ˣԼһġ
ɭϲɽҶ³ƣ¹⼲ټԼSĽడҪɽˣ
˵ˡˮľȥ˵νдһʮֵּҪȥɡ
ȣҪߴһϢСӵ֮CشʣʱΪSгS̹ٲնھֺľʤ׷Ŀǰ͸֧ս㣬ʮΣգԮ
ô£ɽҶȵ񷢷Źûϸ𣿡
ҡһ˵ύʱˮľѾ⣬ҲһЩ飬ǺܿϧԶԶԤϡ
ԭֻΪԷΪһطǿ˲ӶһЩߡпڣȫû⡣ʵճӵʱͿСӾ̼ܵϮҲյ˱棬ֻûӣû뵽ȻֵĹٲնʵ̫ˣȻӶֺԭS̡
ôҪжˣɭϲʵ
ţҪСġжϲΪӳСӡȫСΪһҪҪڲ֮ˮĻֹǡ
ǡˮľɻΪʲôί˻ѱȼȫ˳ΪʲôҪѴû˿ô鷳£
֪һ˵ǻһ񣬰Эɲ֮񡣲֮ȻӺԶҲȷһսҪأǻ֮ˮ֮ҪϣľҶǼİһޱҪҪ¶Ҫֳ̫Ķ顣
ǡ
ôͽˣץʱϽ
󣬶ӳɭϲԸ׼һӣȻſڼϡ
˵ɢ
ˮľɿܻؼң̾ߣȻһЩҩ͸ϽˡȻòССĻ͵ʱҩˮʹӦⲻɡʵڽҲֻöˡ
ŵˮľʱ䣬ȥСкæչһԼĶֲȻͳķȥ
һӦûûгٵɡˮľȵ
ûУˣ˳~ӳɭϲһı˰̵ѹȸʵ̫ˣΪ͵ĺ꣬ʵڲóóʺսΣ򽻵
һ·񱼣ȴٵÿɽҶóһģɭϲǸŰ⿽ʶҲһû²˵¹⼲ǸӣʡϽ³ûҲ˵ʵ̫ˡˮľֳܲգɵϲ˵
ţӳ˵ǲе֣
ʲôϲ
ɽҶó鱨ʣ棬¹⼲絥ͦõĶôҪҸʲôʵˮľ֪ʣԭȻû˵ľҶҲǲľԮӡ־ḻʱӱĿʵ̫ˣҵڶϮιȥǿǿУоβǲҪһŵɵΪʵڲһ̵ʽ񡣶ľҶҲ֧ԮģǲиϵϻĻͲö֪ˡ
ԭӦûˮľʲôµģϧԼûԭ׼Σ³ͷҲˣôҲǸеٮٮߣ̽ΪϴܽʵˡοԼ͵ΪҲ˿˲ˬ
ҲܰɡҪһû̵ʲôջǾȫ׹ˡ
ϲˮľ⻹ûüش𣬸ͱԹµ߳ʵ̫Ӣˡ
˭ˣ¹һζûġ
Ǳˣȿȡ¹⼲粻ʼį˵ֻҪٲնٴϮ֮ǰͿͷһ룬ȿȡ
λϵܣ˵ˡˮľʵǿȥˣҸҪϢģǰΪҵ˽е
ǺǡһϲȻЦˣһ˵սĿԲпڣǲսֻҪб̺ί˾ˣ
ϲ㻹ǱЦˣȸղŸֲˡˮľ²۵˵ӳɺͲ̿ˣܸܲҰŸеĻôæһȦСˡ
ǿźͶˣʱ֪ͨ㡣
̫˰ɣǰЩʱɭֺġ
ȥҺ춹
´Ҫ̸̸ҵĹˣ
ˮľͱԹˣȿȡ¹⼲绹ǲİҿҪǰԤģҪһ
ˡˮľԥľܾ˯߲һβ棬ֲֿɲᣬ֪ҲͰˣ֪˻ȥգֿô
ڣھļо˾ԮС֮ľܽͷˡ
Ӵ˵㱻úܲҰǳءˮľԷ̵
ȷʵûзϣϾٲնҲ̵֮һִĹ֮ϵߣǲöԸļһ
ˣͽˣͺúǰ֧Ԯٲն͵ԼˣϾɱʵ̫鷳ˣʵƵĻƾͼûˣֻҪٲնռƵĻǾͺް취ϲ˵
ȻٲնҡҾͷˣ̾鷳ǰæչˡ
ҹˣˮľɽҶ¹⼲һʱϢɭϲ˷Ϊӣϲųһӡ
ϲˣȻֱľҶǰս࣬ǲ˲㱻ɱҪǰ飬͵Ȳ˱תʱˡ
ԼʹԼı䣬ľҶɳԮӵĿҲСʱûгôԭѰζˣʲôԭס˾ԮСÿ¾ս
ˮľûôֹۣϵĻһοҪһˡ
ǻʵһɱ³ˣһοɲԶˡ


17 δ֪Σ
žҹֻʣһƬŲ֪ĳӽԵľ
Լδ֪Σոеǵˮľʵ˯ţ߳
һƬڵİ֣һ޴ĺڰޣŴͶ
ϣҲ´ˣߵ˲̫ǿòԼһˡˮľɵϣһж죬ƽƽȹʱˡ
ͻȻˮľ˫Ŀһ
˭
ңšֻɽҶӺڰֳ
Ҳ˯ţ
ǰɣ͸
ˮľһšˮľҲǼӵһְɡ
ȿȡɽҶεЦЦ㲻öģʵҲ˵ô˵أ߸иļְɡϾ˭Ҳܱ֤Լͬ»ʲôѡ񡣡
Ǻǣ㲻ý͡׵ġˮľνشϾ˭ҲΪһ
ǸˣȻؾˡˮľ˵ôֱףɽҶҲ˵ˡ
Ϊʲô˯ţΪô꣬ز򵥵ʧ߰ɣúϢǷǳҪĻʡ
е㵣ġɽҶת⣬ˮľҲԸ̸Լ飬ϲֹ̫ˣʵ˵Ҿսʵ㡣
ʵҲҵٲնΪṢû˹עȻôĿŵĳڲ֮ȴһֱûаɱոͷʵ̫ˣȻٲնʵǿ󣬵ҲܵС̴塣
˵Щʵֻǲ²⣬˭Ҳ˵׼׼ʱ䲼һ㾯塣ô鱨ĵȴʵ̫ˡ
Ҳû취£̿ٽˣִ౻ҪиŮ߾ͺˡ
ֻԼ취ˡ
ţ⸽׼һ°ɣȥǰ濴ûµĻϢƲһˡ
˵ɽҶٴ߽ڰɭ֡
һգľҶ˶ûзκοɵĵطĵҲ滺ʱƣľҲָõĵˮľһ
ֻҪսָٻҲȥˣʹǿĵˣҲ޻֮ˡ
ɭ룬ˮľ¹⼲ɽҶľӰУ۲Զǲϰ
ˮľǸβСӽӴоôˣɽҶСʵ
ô˵أӦǺ˰ɡ
飿ָ棿
ָɡˮľҡҡͷ˵ȻǸ鷳С᲻
ʵòƲô
ţвĲܵģ̼𣬱ռֵĻǺ鷳ģŵʵ̫ˡˣҲΪ㣬ϱʺ;βй¶ĳǿָǱʵ̫ˣδǲˮľɵÿʹһ֪
ţ˵¹⼲ܸȤôǿȻûǲд۵ļ¼ֻҪѪ޽类ӦúԵİɡ
˵һдȷʵҲܵģĻǿ̫࣬Ŀǰܴ󣬵ǲɷϣҲǺˣֻҪһᲹ϶̰壬ʵȻҲߺܿ졣
𣿡ɽҶ¹⼲粻ÿɷ
ǲҪȥˣ𣿡
ˣˣǱжӳ𡣡
á
һֱӵҹֱ˽ƣڵϡ
˵ĶԣˮľһǿġɽҶ¹⼲̾ôŬֻҪϤĽ̵δһ̫
ţϢɣ
ðɣϢȵʱǽ㡣
ֱˣڶְɽҶŽˮľֵˮľӡ
ոպãǲǼʱҩϣЧӦ̫԰ɡ
ȻˮľԶһ֡
Ȼˡ
ˮľϽˣѸʾȻǱʾһ¡
һԺŷӦ֣Ͻ䱸
һ㣬׷ֵˣ׼ɱˣˣ׵׼ס˵ʱ¹⼲̲ס˳ȥˮľϽסҡͷʾⲻҪ
Ȼ̸̸룬˶ȥ
׵һУûм¼ɱˣҲǺٵģˣȥԭ飬ԭбɱĺҲһ׾ˣתϹ˵ģˣ˶ûɱ
ˮľô֪Ǹ겻ᶯ֣¹⼲粻⡣
ûɱ⡣ˮľûϸ˵
¹⼲Ҳû׷ʣǸ˭ʶ
ôܣˮľæϣҪһ𣿺֮ܿĵˡ
ȲҪɽҶȥ֪ͨϲͿ
˵ͻȥ鱨ȥˡ
ʱҲҪȥˡ¼ӵҲ˳ȥˡ
ͷĵطϲСӶˡ
ˣôͨһ¡ϲ˵ڸոշֵǸж꣬Ǹٵ飬ͷҲҲӰˡ仰˵ˡ
˵ϲٴ˵ڸĵ飬ȻûзߵӰǣݲ鱨ʾΧܿһصߣĿĲ
ǿǻϢˡε˵
Ŀǰ̬ҲԮˣһжˡĿǰǵսֻҪѹƣҲһսˡ
û飬ϲ˵ôϵٲնʹӣͽѧˣǻᾡסţĻǻ֧Ԯ
û⡣ͷӦϾǵ񣬶ҵѧôҲǺϸˣôһҲǲ
ǾͺáϲתͷɽҶ¹⼲ˮľԸΪϵ֧ԮԴ幫ΪѲ߰뾶һпҺͳΪص֧Ԯ
ǡˮľòӦնϣҪ̫ǿļһ
죬ˮľһֱڽ֮УãҿһЩеĳƷͰƷˮȻûʲôսֻ£ʱ㾯仹ǿˡ
ʵ˵ûλôһóˮݵĶûСˮľɵñԹ
Ҳû취飬˶óˮݣֶֻͨʵ˵ˮ治ǵسɽҶ͵ݣӡ׶ݷݶвơ
ҪһľͺˣϧǲľҶ߻̫ˡ
¹⼲Ҳ̾ϣƽȥȻϦս顣
⻰˵ģˮľ²ۣܹģ˵ֻĶ벻к³İ
̿Իأ͵ˮľ˵
˵ţͻȻˮľһˣСġ
һֻ߮ˮĸˣˮľص÷ӡͱըˮĸϣԶԶĶһȦֻҪвŶͻἤˮĸ
˵ţһŨϮֺǿϮҪˡ


18 ս
˾ؿŨϮûˣ͸еԶҲ
Ҳս𣿿׼ʱ鱨ƣȱ¶ˡˮľһ󽹼ָˣϲҲ˵״ϮսͿʵӲˡ
𽥱ŨɣųƷα䱸
СģĸˡΨһŨľֻˮľˣɱӣ鷳ˡ
ҪҪͻ¹⼲ɽҶҶʵǿ
ܲܽ棬ֱӺֻ߽սģǵĿġ
ĸԼӰи֡Ϊһ˿ʮᣬһͷ׷ʣ˷ֱǺ췢̷
ԭɫ̽ķɫû벻ġĸˣɽҶȿʵɱӰɣľҶصкιɣ
һ˻Ϊ׵İ׷˿дǵĿٲնԼеն״󵶡һصؼ
ľҶΪУֻҪ뿪
޷ɡ
รҪ𣿡
ңһ̣ôˮľ
Ǿ˵̸£ˣʵȡˣȻԸ⡣ɭ˵ãȫɵϴٲ֮
̸ѣսϽȻ
ľҶУɽҶʵǿóʵڲʺֻӡ¹⼲罣㣬ҲȴǸܳ־սˮľȻƽӹҲΪٵˣãһЩʱˮͨ޵ܷʵˡ
Ǹ֣ȥסɽҶ¹⼲Ը
ãҡ¹⼲ǰ
ˮľɽҶԶռƣʵƺ̫ǿǿһֺϻ֧š
뽺״̬ˮľ˿һߣ׷꽣ƺ¹⼲紦ڲ֮䣬СӦôƣȻ¹⼲ҲǺʱⲻ
뵽ˮľɽҶ˵ȡһʱ䡣˵óͨ޾ᣬҧָʼӡʩ
ɽҶæˮľǰݣ֮
һŨ˷ȥըȻɱޣǱ˵ˡ
ͨˮľû˷ѻᣬһˮӣˮ¸ֳâϸͿǺˮȫһ塣
׼棬û취û̹ˣֻԼʹˣҲʲô֣ʤܸߡ
ӳֻ｣ֱϮˣȻͻ׼ܣͻȻҽУһֱӱ｣Уնб۰һֶֻʱʧȥսһֱӱˮľ޴̽ţһ˱ɽҶ̽ӣ˲𡣾綾ˮĸɲ˵˵ġ
ɵƯˮľ
ʱûвˣȥǱ֧ԮСġ
á
ˮľ˿һսȥ
ģȡսپ
¹⼲ѾͰ׷սþãȻûзֳʤԼľҶʵǲʺַսһԼóսʽʵռţȴߺͻ־ս
ţƺˮжˮľͨޣ¹⼲粻ɵһϲǱʤˣ֧Ԯˡ
һСӦ֣һ߹۲ˮµʾһԷ塣
ӡ⸿󡣡ͻȻˮâڰ׷ϣʱԷĶã¹⼲û˷ѻᣬ֮趯һ˶Էһţһϳֵ֡
Ӯˡսõ¹⼲һɡ
СġһЭˮľֲԾˡ
ֻ׷ͻȻΪһ̯ˮһˮǹֱ¹⼲Ķӣ÷ٺ˵ܲ
쵰Ȼǹˮ£;ôǿ̽ʵ̫ˡһôûץߣ
ˮľϽӦ¹⼲硣
ֻӦȥٴγ֣иֵٴ𣬼ͽˮµļֻ˺þõĵˮĸɱɾ
ˡˮľҾ˵¹⼲ɽҶ£ȻˮľʵĿǰĹˮ²̫࣬Ҫǿ㣬ҹˮҲСȫʩΪĻˮľҲܺ͹ˮþãؼŸ˵¹⼲磬ȫôˣˮֱȡ¹⼲磬ˮľûжռ䣬ȫ·磬ñˣ֧Ų˶ˡ
ս˵ˮľڿǰɽҶӰʱΪԼɿû뵽ɽҶ״ԼҪ㡣
ô£ˮľ󾪡
жɽҶشϥˮϣһȱ˸ԲܼսˣʤȯգһŪ鱨ˡע˶ǶˣѪҺͨˮɢ˷
⻹ǳϵ״û뵽ϲľȻеáˮ³֡ԭɫֻʣ±｣˸첲ĺ췢սˮľŵɽҶжӵ̷޷սˡ
ˮ´~췢
㻹еáˮû췢תһ̷Դûõķɱˡ
Ҫˮľᣬֻͣû뵽Ҫ¾սˡԭռݾƣһˮŪǱ
ˮľȥ߰ɣȥжӳͺáɽҶ֪ˣҴˣ㡣
˵Ĵ磬ǵĿ겻ǣߵĻŵมֻҪõն״󵶣ҲŲںƹˮҲС
ˮľЦ˵Ҷ磬˵Ҷһˣ˻Źô
˵꣬ˮľóᣬȡһɫҩݸɽҶ¹⼲硣
ɣ˴עܣ˴ͿĨڸãˡ
ʲô⣿
ҪĶоҩĸòǣҾͲˡ˵ֱӽһҩעԼֱۡһʹʹˮľҽг
ˮľƴˣɽҶ¹⼲Ҳԥֱ˵ĴȺ͸עҩ
ˮľʲôģɽҶ۵졣
ǰɣȻ͸㡣
¹⼲Ҳžʹվ˵ҲŲ˶ˣټһͺá
ԷĶҩǸ鷳ɽҶѵ
ǵ廹ܶɡ
ҩȻ۵Ҫ
Ǿͺá
˵ˮľóһӡᣬ⿪һɫҺ塣ˮľ䵼ˮУȻʣӪҺͷҩȫ˽ȥȻתټֻɫҺѸӣɢһŵζ
վҪɫķΧ
ʲô
һɫСҼӿķֳѸˮе֣ﶾһͱֽˡУҲ𵽸áˮľ͵绹ûзٸӪˮ壬̳ܶ˶û
С磬ҪСรҪҪʹ˰֣Ӧòܵġˮľͼ
ǿɲУҶն״󵶿ڱصá
Ǿû취ˡˮľźϣظһ£ͬʱעԷˮȡʱ䡣


19 ˵ǻ
һжˮľһʱ嶯ʵ˵ľҶˣһ˶ȶʵҪǿʹԼĿǰĹˮҲѷɫҲˮδǿ಻ʮͣʹٸ壬ܷӶʵѽ
ˮľֻҪƴһҩˮͶԷԹսսҲаոһЩۻԷܻ¹⼲磬ʵ鱨ʧˮ̫ˣʱͲԼߣʵǷս֮ӵɽҶȻ﷭ˡӰϰˣ̫ϰսƺˡ
ˮº¹⼲սһʣ˵һ췢ʵã˲ܷȫʵԼֻҪŵסʱƻԽԽ
ʣµľҪɫҩЧ͸ˣҪ㹻֧ŹⳡսֲҩЧ̫ǿ巢⣬ս̫ãҩЧ͸֧壬ǸһʵôʵǼƻϲϱ仯
ˮľ׼׵ֱӷֳһӰ¹⼲ɽҶԼֱ˹ˮ£öٻڶˮľ֪һʦʲôǰŪֿԣľǴֱֱѹ
ˮµĽҲʵΪôɱ˶ִﵽĿľôŵĽȫûһӡнʦķ緶ˮľ͸ֱˣôô｣ֱӣֻҪܱƵĶȫ񵲾ɹҪ˵ײһΡ
ǸˣĲӻҪˮ³Է̵Թҿܹٵʹม
ܺûм˹̰ܽɣҪСƴ˵ʵô׸ôǰɡ
ˮľҧֳָŵأһͨٻ~
ɫļӡ
ӳСˮ~Թˮľĺ췢ѡ
ϧûȹˮ·Ӧ͸ִ̳عˮ˫Եϣ֮ʹùˮһˮľû｣ˮࡣ
ʵûĿأŵСˮľ˵
˵꣬ˮº޷Ӧֱֵָӷˮľš
һӰ֣һŻĺ췢ܵĿռ䡣
ʲôأǰ֪ûãҪѰ·
Σʱ̣ˮľֻ㿪Ҫ֮ιֱӱ̴Ҽ｣ֱӿУʱش
췢һϲʤˡǻɿȴˮľûȴֱӿ
ʲôĿң֮»ûüӦֱӱˮľеĿ޴̴
׾͸׵ľʹ͸Ͻ˳ɡ
ȴ˵һֵĺ췢ŵĵ£ûȻ󱻴û
ɱ췢ͬʱˮľþȫȻ｣ɨˮг룬սֱӱжϣֵֶĸֵ˫ַɱӦĹˮ¿ΣȻˣȻһһˮǹ䴩ˮľء
ŹˮٴδˮлָΣȻһ˸ˮľֻǰһѹֱӱһ߷ɡ
ɶСʱôˮƯ˼ԼˮƯ̫ˡˮľţ߹Ƕ˼Ҳˡ
ˮľûؿˮŲ֪ĸһѵٴγ֡
ʵ˵ǰˮʱȻڻû˵ɵһЩʲôأֻһЩʹ࣬ûıҪء
ˣ߿ȻðʣЦˡˮľһߴŴһ˵˭һ
ŶڻʲôĿԴأ
ƺˡ
ˮľһߴԲѵ˵һ߰ƣҩúǿ󣬶̶ʱѾҪ޲ˣֻѪ̫ˣպأҲ첻ˡ
Ǿҳʶɣǰû˵꣬˾Ѿɱ
ÿ졣ˮľƺ̫ȫ޷Ӧһ㣬ŵͷͻȻˮһ
ˣô£ˮһ㵣⸿ʲôʱӡģ쵰ɫĶʲôˮ̫ˣȫˮ¡
ɵ˰ɣ׳գʶһ´˵ǻۡ˵겻ˮ´𻰣ֱȡ̯׼ʩ
ʲôˮһ󲻰
һӰŨ
˭ˮ´󾪣ôа֣ʱȻ򣬡Ӱ֮ʲôʱ򣿡
ĲǱˣˮľӰģǸ췢ˣȻòͬˡ˵ѾɾĽˮնһζΡ
ֻˮµٴλΪһƬƬˮ
ʱˮľתһӡֻѪľųһɵֱ£һƬˮȻѸײڶ֮Ʒӡ
⡣ˮľᣬȻˮǹ
ΪлЧ䲻ôܶԸзˡ
ˮУˮٴγ֣ɫһ԰ס
ʲô
Ҫˣô֪
ӡһˮʲô˺Ǿֻ֪ˡ
ŭˣһҪɱ㡣
ĻԿˮľмƵԷѾǺܴˣȴھ壬ֻǸеʵĳ嶯ӡԽԽãýôˡ
һ˺ĲɱӰʧˮľһ˵ʹ˿ڷϵм尾ˮҲһδδˮлָ
ĳ̶ֳ˵˶ǶʱЧ״̬ˮºܿŴĲˮľǿֲֻĿǰֳʤԶˣͿ˭֧ŵס
ľĺ޹ĻʱͻȻһƮֱӽˮ¿ĶΡ
֮裬¹⼲磿
ˮ¸ˮָʱһ｣ɹٴδ˹ˮµԴ
ˮľҲû˼˽䱸
̫˰ɣҺС綼ˣ׷Сʵ̫ûòˣƮݵķͶŪˡ
ǸˮľɽҶ˵λȥһ͡㻹Ǳ
ֻˮľѪˣµ˿ȻѾ󲿷ϣѪȴ踽棬ʹˮľˡ
ȻǸʧСǻǺġ
¹⼲ҲɫƵŹˮ£갢ǿҪúдˡԼĴЩڻ
ѾΧ˶֣ˮľҲٵⳡս̫ˣʵ̫ˡ
Ǿһ´˵ɡ
⸿󣬿ʣĵˮĸ˵ⲻԼǷȱöϣȫˣ´ٲô嶯ˣѪҪþò
ɽҶ¹⼲ˮľİ޼ɵĹˮˮָ壬һδαɢ
ɫʮֲأҪҪǻľҶǺúչ£ˮľʤȯղ٩
ˮĻᶼûУȥͲֱӻΪһ̯ˮ³ȥ
ܣɽҶģݣ֮
һҽдûֹԷܡ
ֻס¹⼲粻˵
Ǻǣкôˣɡ˵ˮľóһܷҩˮ¡

ҩըɢ
ݵƽͻȻһ˺ѷεĺУʲôʲô~


20 ٵ
ʲôôֲֲĲҽк¹⼲ɽҶëȻ
͸ǵֲ࣬ʹûָЧรҪҪԣˮľ·ûһ˵˵Ļ
ˡɽҶϽܾⶫЧ治ùҲСɣڶо˿ڴ̡
ҵûоƣûʲôˣָĲ
Ŷѵõʵݣˡˮľûûε˵
һɽҶǲϲ
ҲҪϲˮľν˵Ҫ׷һĻϣץڵġ
ʱӳɽҶ˵ˣҲˣһѾȴ׷Ļ鷳ϾǺƽǲǽսץסҲԴ
ҽԶȥżݵˮҲƽϢ
ȥϲӳֱȥ֧Ԯ¹⼲ʵ
ȥſղŸоһɲĲһֲõԤУȹȥȽϺáˮľ
Ҳãβ״ĻǾˡɽҶ
Ѷ˷ɿȥ֧Ԯľ
ˣ˵ˮľȻ˲̬˵磬ҩЧѾˣֻҪȥϢⲻҶܸӣ˵̫ʧ֮ǰñھһ״̬ҪĲ
˶ٽ˵ȥȫϸһ¡Ŀǰûʲô⣬׼
ǰɣôأɽҶʵõҩҪ࣬˵أ㲻Ҫ𣿡
ΪԤƵ˵ĸõҩࡣˮľϾֻǰƷһж˵
¹⼲絹ǰοǴԸõģغˣʹ⣬ľҶҽõģһκõġ
ˮľ׼˵ͻȻһ¶
˭Ǳߣ
ңšɭϲųƺ
û¾ͷˡ
Ƕӳĺǿǳ˴ˡ
һ֪ˡˮľȫɫѪ裬õԲǵ˵Ѫ
Ǳô
ɢˣӦ÷ֳʤˡҪϽȥ
á
ȵ˸ϵʱһͽˡ
һⲻ󡣡ϲ˵Ȼȥɨս
׶ݺ簡ˮľĽ˵Բʱ仯лԻϸʵ񼼰
ģҲΪ˵ҲǺˡ˵
ԼѪðɣΪҲ̫ˡ
㲻δôҪȥã
󲻽Ҷ̣´͵ŮҰŷ硣
лˣ~ԣҸû͵
ˡϲ˵ӽˣҶȥץڣǰǮʲôطˡĸȥɨս
Ŀ࣬һӣͷٲնŰҪѻģ׬Ǯٸƶˡ
ˮľϵһ̯Ѫһٲնģһǰ׵ġǣһЩմѪĸ룬˵Ļģأ˵ϣϸл԰ɡ
һʰúˮľ˿ԱߵĿ
ôȥտǿɰѧò˵Ҳɡ
ˣҪȻˡ
еǸ
ţӦþǰӿǸꡣ
ǲҲǲ~
Һܺʲô˵仰ģ˵꿴˿ˮľѪȡ
˵һ顣ˮľɵǳ鴤ⶼԼѪ
һôѪȻû㻹󡣡
죬ҿǿˣͨ޺̾߼ȫĵˡˮľʵ˵ôϲҶȥѹˣ̼ûһˮĶ졣ֵǮն״󵶻ûҵķݣֻܼ񼸸룬ƨá
˻Ჹġ
֪ʲô⼸¶Ǵ׹ͱ۹ˣ
Ǻǡ˼ڨЦһģҪȥҵѧˣؼ˵һ˲Ͳˡ
ǲļһҪһʱˡ֪СûǮأˮľ˼ŵСݺǰ;ְҵĿԡ
»ڲԶæµͬ飬ˮľ˿뷨Ҳûʲôʰġ׼뿪Ҹط˯һ˵һʵ̫ˡ
ףôˣˮľ׼жȴĲԾʹˣô£
е²ˮľæתɳˣһȵʹұѸȫ֮һƬƬġ
ģôӡἤͷаӡû⣬ӦòŶԣѵ˵ˮľЦ͸֧Ѿô𣿡
аӡҪԼľ־ǳطӡȴȻѪ̫֮ӡΪ̣ҲͲӡᱬˡ
Ȼڷĺֱײ޼ɵѹեÿһϸͬʱҲǿ
ٵǿ֪͸֧ļ󣬿һ˻Եֿջ󡣡
ô죿ˮľƺѾ޼ƿʩˣֻ̬ԽԽ㣬ڲҩЧƺҲ֪ΣУһеĿ޲ǧٿ׵塣ѣˮľֻͽ͵תɱȻ
ˮľѾҪʱͻȻһĪڲȻײеʼ֮ܣ֮ľ괺һ١ͬʱȫҩƺҲõԮһʿ񣬻ָٶҲߡ
Чˮľŵ뵽ģʽô򵥾ˣǿȫǰıȻֱһһεԼᵽױȵô¡
Ȼ㲻״Ҳˡˮľ֪֮ⲻԼĿǰӦĿǰ״ޣȻԴ޾ӡӡҲȲԼ
ԼƿصվֻǾˮһա
ٳеˮľ޸Ļᣬһ߳ûȡĲһò赲ȻγһѭͬʱҲҩãһٽȻˡΪսǿ˺ʹˮľҽг
ôˣˮľԽ¹⼲ˮľɵùѯʡ
ˮľѾȫûӦˣؼʱ̵ˣȻֱۣʹֱһȦĵʹˮľһֺ޲ÿҸ첲ĳ嶯
ǿˮľתаӡٴνӡӡ
ֻӡķĿȴҲԭϻͷ״ˣһĹ񣬱аӡΧƣȻͷĶûʧ
ˮľǲҩĸñˣ鲻ԣ¹⼲缱æܹסҡҡ׹ˮľ
ûˡѾ۵ȫܶˮľЦæ͵
˵ˮľֻһڰϮʲô֪ˡ


21 Ͷ״
ˮľٴ۾ʱѾڰɫĲˡ
þˣûˣˡ
˶ˮļֿ̌˿԰׿һ˿Ѫɫֱۣ񣬺ԭ׳ֱȫûȡ
ֻǶ־͸оҪϢһˡףС
ſһˣδǧ活
ˮľСͷð
ڳ֮ǰˮľҲûΣգǣû뵽˵̶ȣ׼֣ܳҪȻĻزˡ
ľҶʵ岻סΧĵˣʹû֯вƽҲ᳤ˡ
Դһ̽սºպսľ˷ï֮һĴӣҲ͸ҲҳߣټĴӰʮǰھβϮȥľҶʹƲӵ״̬ˣֻʣӰ֧šռغԴĻ֮սز㣬ҲͲ̴尵ʹ̽ľҶʵˣټйˮֲһеƫִҵٲն̿ãˮľͺܲҵײǹϡ֮̿ԣҲͲɰŴƻ̴ϮľҶˡǰʲô֮ĶֻЦ
ˮľˣˮľͷŪС
Сˡˮľ˵ûˡ
һΪҲѲˡС˵ˮľʹ޵㱻ʱһΪѾˣû̫ˡ
ȿȣûˡˮľ˵ֻٲĻҾͻˡ
˼СĨһ̫ˡ
Сˮľ˵оȫ˯˺ܳʱˡ
ˮľС㶼˯һˡ¹⼲ɽҶȰͻģϲŻ
¹⼲ɽҶûʲô°ɣ
Ӧû°ɣ컹㡣
ǾͺáˮľˣɫҩЧкúܶࡣ
ˮɣоӺö
˯ôûԶȻˡСˮ˸ƻ㲻Ҫι~
ãĲҪ

Ӱ칫ңɭϲ
񱨸ҿˣˡʵжû
ԤưҰɣ಻ᳬһ¡ϲ¹⼲ɽҶ˵ˮľȻҺͳȵȬɽӷأӦûʲôˡ
šϿϲİţǲȷѾд𣿡
ǵģȷɡ
ʮ꿪ۣǲҲѵõˡӣʵᵽβ춯Σ
ǲûмȸϵʱѾ䶨ˡݿ˵ֻ֮¾βӦûʲôΣա
⣬һĿҲǴﵽˡ
һһЩ֮鱨ҪѶӵشҡһ˵ǹ¹⼲磬ɽҶˮľ~
ô£ѵ˵ķǳأϲȵʵ
˵ꡣͷ˵¹⼲缰ɽҶ˵ɱӵϮսɱ˻һˡıеʮǺϡⲻ
¹⼲ɽҶᵽսֲʱˮľһǿЧҩųŵ̻ʤҩʱκ˱˲ָսˮľʹõļ˼Ҫ࣬ھһжɱһشһˣȵҶָԶȡʤ
˵ϲеһҳһƬ˺ϲϺĵġǱĿˮľģûƽʱò
Ҿ֪ʱжôա¹⼲˵ˮľñԡҩЧȥ֮ǰֱŵҩ
ǻӸϸ飬˵Ľȴྶͥ
¹⼲ãϴ˲࣬һˣްˣŵԭ˵µⶼкתķιܴߣЩ͸֧ûʲô֢ԭáһҩͽľҶҽ߶궼޷⡣
ɽҶĻָҲжȲ˵޴󰭣ʧѪർ֯й󣬲ֹؽڴжǴ̡Ѿûˡ
鷳ˮľûһˣزᴩ˿أû˵ҪʧѪȫûһûо˺ϵġӵҽ߸ңҪͨͲ֪˶ٻˣˮľšȻ˻ԣֻ弫ĵĺ֢ȻԺĿǰ˵ֻҪˮľܹѹԼӻظûκˡ
ôҩϲŵʵ
ǲܡ϶ǿҩЧȻҲиáɽҶƷһЩʵ飬Ҳ̶áȷʵƷɻʺܸߣǾ󲿷~˵ʹõĻǾ뻹ˡ
Ҳѹ֣Ǿ˵ֻµ˶𣿡ϲʵ
ǣĿǰֻˮľʵҲǵһθʹáһֲ׶õĽҩڸƸ֮ǰӦ
¹⼲ʣҩҪջ𣿡
ˣɣ״ͺá񶨵ˮľҲر˵ˣΪҩķߣǺҩãõġ
֪ˣǰҵĵǣ
ˮľ
Ȼˡϲ
ˮľΪѶͷĿһôĿǰˮľֵ𣿡
ΪˮľΣˡϲ֣ص˵ҵĹ۲죬ĿǰˮľΪľҶߵݡǧֲһͶ״ãͷһΪľҶ߶޷εĻ˭ΪӾľ
֪ˡ
ͻȻһӰֱˣսӵ鱨ˮľˡ
ţҲáͷԸ쿪ʼˮľеӡ°ɡ
ǡ
ľҶҽԺˮľĲɫЩˮľҲˣһ˯ˡʱƣһæµҲ½½ؼˡˮľȴ
ûǧ活
һŽ³
ôˣ⼸̫鷳ˣ³
С̫ˣǰҾˮľչˣԼţһֱûܰˮľʲôæҲֻЩˡ³ôõ𣿡
ղѹˣ˵㶫˯ˣһֱҪ˵ҪѲĳɳҽԺķ̫ѳԡСЦ˵
³Ҳܸˣ̫ˣôоûˡСҲҪעϢ⼸̫ˡҾͲţˡ
һˮľѾˣټ~



22 
Ҫˮľ⼸һݵĻһ䡰ӦþͿԸеˡ֣ſڣ˵ˮ˴ȣʵɷˡԺǰֵˣ߱ϾɣԺҪ͡ɣ̶죬ˮľ͸оһӵġΡ͡ڲ١ѾһɶչԼδҲһζԹһ黹ǲö˵
;鿴治һ°Ƕͬǲһġ
ͺñǰˮľ߾飬ȻԼ֪һˣǣһѼӶһӾֲѧӾôôǲܵġ
ֻǶ֮֮ôУֻҪȤˡʵ磬ʲô鶼ҪǢһҡһΪսţǿɲʲô˶쵽飬ͨ˻ʵʵˢֵȰɣ֮ʵݲ̫಻ʵʵĻ룬οʱ֮ӻԼ
ӢἺ֮ǰ벻׷ƣˮľͱսʱҲûעԭˮľս飬ûʲôսսսҲɱϱһоþսĸоһоֻǿܺսܺ;飬ĲڻͨˮڲʵӾֲļܣѧӾս֤еĸսʽȻΪá
ʶĸңȻҪʵʱƲܽݲðˮľ̾뵽
С˵ҪҪְҵˣһ߳СӣˮľͻȻˡ
ɶǧ活ˡ
㿴һݶôΣյְҵһξͲزˡ˵˰ɣ֪ҪǮܳ׻ָ⼸ֲҩôˮģҪǮƾôͶġ
ûϵģǮԸá
ж٣Ϳ⼸ҽԺչңʶ۵Ĳ˰ɣô
⻹вǮСԥ̹˵Ҷ˺öˣ׼õġ
ˮľ˲һλ޼Ѿ͵תְˡ
ܻǮ̫áˮľ˵ݵӰ˷ǳ׬ǮģֱӵǺ̫ˣҪһȥЦ˱ħ֮ɣ㿴һЦϣӦǲģƭƭͨʵ̫ˣȻ㹻ȥݵӰ׬Ǯô
~~СһԸȴ֪ηǲҪɣҪǿһ꣬ҶֲһЩǺо~
·ˮľͲ֪뵽ȥˣ˵ҪҪ³һ£ѧУѧǶţ̫׵ᱻҳͶߵģҪȻһЩѵĿרŴϣľͷʲôѶȣĳ仨ôѶˣô죬ƭӵľҪƭѧҳ򵥶ˣ³Ҫǲͬ⣬ǿԸֺ죬͸ֺټӵ飬ؿ˵ͨˡС~
~ͱˮľ뾪һһ㶵СҪǱǲǲ̫ã
׼ƻˮľû˵ͻȻſڴһ
ˣôˣˮľɵεĴкƭжûʼĿǰҪ̥УСôŹϰ̫С˰ɡ
~Сæк
ýţ˵ˮľƺת˳Ƶ˵òʲô˲õš
СֻʣεڨЦˡˮľòӲͷƤ˵ˣһֱڳԶʲôû˵
ǺǡҲûƽʲô˵ϴϲҶ˵ˣ鱨ʧˡ
ǵģ߾ΪģȻǵְ𡣡
š˵ÿɷ񣬡Ӳͬߵģһǳ˴ĺܴر㣬ˮľʲôҪӰæ𣿡
ʱҲûʲôҪġˮľǫоԷӡͨ鷽оƿˣ֪ûⷽļɣ
ͨ޷ⲻȻͨ޶Ĳ֮أӦ÷ʽʵǴͬС죬ҲûʲôرģӻһЩⷽϡ
̫лˡ
ӡͱȽ鷳ˣһЩͨӡʵѾˣʣһЩӡͽϣһҪ󼫸ߣҪͬʱʩչЩҪ𣿡
ҪҪģˣҪģһĻϾˡ
ǺãԺһ͹ЩʲôʮֽҪĶϣáİҲֻˡ
̫ˣѾ˴æˣԴ˸м
ˣˣҲҪҪֵʱ򡣡
֪ˣߡ
뿪ˮľҲһ
С´һҪš
š
ӰĵþһСҲˮľһܳĸоˮľ˵ջʲô֮ĶҪ˴ӵ̬ȡ̡Ҳǿ⼸ϴ״սʤˣӪȷһ£ʹԺٳʲô۶ӣ˵ԺʹҩʦĿɢԼǼ֮ĲҥԣҲŵ˵˵ˣٲ򰵵ĵӡҲصƿˡ
Сͷ̫ˣҼͷ
á
ҹӷͣٴķҲҵ~
ʲôС׸ˮľԶˡ
ˣֱǰ鷢С
֪ˡ
ȻһҪɿӱܡ
ǸҲ
Ǿͻ뺣ڶɣҪкˣŴ⡣
顱һͻȻ֣ŲһӰˡ
쵰߶ôûòĶôûˣŪô󶯾ͻȻˮľﲻˬҵҪ˭ôʶ࣬˵Ļ
ȵɢȥȴɭϲˡ˵̵ˮľһǻŭҲ׵˻ȥ
ⲻϲӳôôͻȻĳкιɣ
ᣬѾǶӳˡϲһ˵ڽ̿ԵİţˣԭȵеѲߺͱȡΪһԿЭ٣ڶɭֻ򲹡Ҫȵڶһ֮ҲõĲˣݶΪϵĻ᳡ӳԱЭľʱ˵㿴
ˮľӹ񵥣ɨһ˵ⲻڵһ͵ڶ͵ôû뵽ϲôˣǸ˰лˡ
͵ɭϲüë˶ˣҲô£úϢɣˡ˵ϲˡ
һʱûò˻ţʵ̫ûˣ˵ǰɣС
Ӧòɡ
ˣСͼ~ȳԺˣȥϴɡ


23 ûɺ
ԴӰˮľ;ʵ̫ˡҪǴ谲լڵ¸оˮľ޲ȥæо³ҪʲôţţǲʲôĶȥŵݿ˲ְҵͺˣ͵£ͲԼˣҲûȣֻҪˣҪ˵Ҫȥɴû˹ܡ
Ǿ仰ô˵ţ¡ˮľҲû˵̽ʲôѧ֮ߣûп֮ʥˣôһ͸˼Ѫһ𼱻ǵȥ¡Ҳܱⲻ⡣
ԶˣˮľͷƳһۡ
СǸۼҵģ˴ߡ³ǱǰӿҲæ߰ɡ
ˮľӲǴģǸƿҲǲģССε˵ë̺Ҳǵģ㿴ǲ~
ǴˣСⶼҼҵģİɡ³ǽǷҲôͦ˳۵ģҲߡӦֵǮɡ
һԵҽ߷һУʰˮľԺˡʵ缸ûʲôˣȫûҪ⣬ٹͿָˡ̶̲һµʱ䣬ˮľСóһ鷿ҼԺҪʰĶ̫ˣѲŽ³æһŴ
СЩʱӰɣֹԢʵ̫СˣԺôЩ壬ǼĴլԺ滹СֺСð
ǣˮľ𰡣̫ˡСһΪѡ
³ӴЩӦ˲ǮɣûŮѣӦÿ󣬽ҰɣҲûطáˮľͽ³ϡ
Ҿܾ³ԥĻؾһҲҪǮģܰװ׽㣬˭֪㻹
СôѾȻֲͭζʵ̫ˡ
Ӱɣѣƽʱȥˡ
СæԲˮľҪ˰ɣլԺǼһҲġ
ˣСҪñȥɣԺҲҲͷϡţ³ãϣǮ
ҵ˵⻰ôˮľ³ͷֱҧʵ˵
֪ҪһӾͺˡ˿ûд³˼ˮľ˼άѵ˵СҪǿʼɣڿ쵽ˣȰǮ˵׬
еģˮľʱҪġ
С̫ʵˣʲôװ֪ˣ˭˼˺ҪǮҪҪˣ
ˮľһʰһںС³뷢ƴơʱȴݷˡ
ôˣɽҶ¹⼲硣
ԸǸĶһ¡һѾᱻڵϡ
ô࣬ûطˣҪȸһ·ɡðײá
һûסķ䣬˵Ĵɨʰǰʰˡ
ôˣͲǳԷˣˣлл
ôˣ³Էģһࡣ
ˮľ˿ò˼ûǮΣˣҪ
˳ҪˣˮľͻȻˣҶ˵ҪҳһµͣͰպƵĶײͼǮְɣʵ̫æûհ˵͹ţһҲɽҶƱĻᡣ
ˮľǲ̫ˣСǵ˵
İɣǣȳԷɣæһ죬Ӷˡ
Ҫʲô
ӽ˾
ãþûˣΪζأˡ

ҹˣСͻȥˡˮľ˻Ӱ͹ϣȻڴ׼˯ȴôҲ˯š
µˮľɴóᣬΣȻ״ѣǿòĲķӡǿԵġ
Һеһι״飬ˮľüͷԽԽϸļЩóԼһʱͷĹ
ԭˣô°ˮľţⲻ֧ȡŭϲηԱ
ҷһôŵˮľóһɫҩϸţԭֻŽĹԵҩҪԶҩҩ֮û뵽ȻôֲĶ鷳ҿһֲĿԡ
ɫҩԼϸȫԵĵøΪҩԭˮľֻǵһʱǿЧָҩҩΪĿƵģĳ̶ֳ˵Ҳ˲õĶˡһֱˮľսܾƴĵƣֻҪֻ̫ҪĳΪУκñȽ΢ĺ֢ķʽҲһ֡
ǣӸϣˮľжϾͳ˲ȫҩֻûндܼϸǱصĿԡֻҪǻʵӦпкܴȱݣȷʵѪˮľԵһشǣŴȫԵģв״һпܶ״ڸˣصǣԶʱھʹڵŴϢ඼Ѿ˻صķʽǰǲǲڡȫҩɲֱЩԻԣֻҪҩЧ㹻һż
԰յʹҩķվԶԶд¾һС˿ڣͿĨһȫҩκ˺кܴܻ־ֲƤôֲë֮ķ
ԭˮľСʵʱʵҲ˴ķ󣬵ǵʱûע⣬֮ľͲϲ˭Ĺ۲ǲǷĸƫתĲ࣬һĳУʵ̫ˡο֮ıͿ죬ĸӳ̶Ⱥ͸ߵ̺Ϣȫûȣ״ԶߵȶࡣԵʱûз⣬һֱڲ¶ߡ
һˣȻߵȶϵıͷԶԶȵ͵࣬ôΪʲôɽҶ¹⼲綼û£Լô࣬ϼʹ͸֧ҲӦýԼĥˡԼȥһҽԺ͸ø͸ˣƨûС
ʵ͹ˮľԼˣԼЦ̽ԭסĿǳԼȴҲ˵ºڵëؼǲǰûĶԼȻѧãǵǰ֪ʶͲӦʱԼʶˡʶϵĲԲ˵˵ѡΪܵӳ乤ߣǻᷴġԻ̼Ի翨һǿңܹġ͵סӵʵˣˮľԼǲߡҲԶغͣˮ٣ףٲնԷâ¶ˣ˹ꡣЩǵ͵ӡʵϣϢʶװã̶ϷֹƫĲЧĶȫҩĿǰ״̬ı졣
˵һж⣬ɺĳ˵ǲڵģɽҶ¹⼲Լ˵˶


24 ƴ
̫ˡˮľյԽߵԽԺԼ˫ۡвûвʵ̫ˡʹȫҩıȫһ¡Һһι״ԼӦ÷ֵİ
κĸ磬ӵͼ߼ĵ·һ㶼ǴͬСġ̥ɳи׶εģʾһ̡
˵ԭˮľϸ״пԭĻôڵӾе㲻˼ˣ֫Գצ״󻯵ͷӾ̫ˡٿٲնס˵ѪҺĶ˵ȥβͣҲͷ֫ȫεĻԴˮ״֯Ǳ߻һȻϸϸƬô£߼ͷ˫Ҳˣ沿ͷԴѺۣӦǵֻ۾ǰװɣҲЩʱ˻ڸǣǾڱֳӾѾ˲ˡ
ЩԴһͻԲߵѪҺͷϸ޾ֻܲСĲûвȫҩþͱֵ쾡¡˵˺Ļֳ˫Ǻ͵ֻۻֻɴͲľһŴĻٲնͰ׵ˣ߲ʹý仯Ǻ쵼£ǻĴĻŴʷмΪش飿ǻ˵ˡ
ԼͷǸԸԤ˶ãһʮа˾ŵ顣ԭˮľӡαǾһͻ״²ӡҩˡ
ڼӾӡ֮αģǣβͳצӣǱ֩롣Ҫû㹻ǱӡӣҲѹӡôˣΪû˳ֻܵӵȱģʽҲһܿסġûһŴԼһǱ޴Ļָ߶һܹġ
Ļȫҩ÷ȫͬˣҩʵǴСˣҲ̫˷ˡˮľɵӦþôҰʵյ˵ᵮһЩ⾪ϲҲ˵׼~
Щû꣬ûоԼ飬ȻţǼܵѪ޽֮ʲôˣֺ¾Բô򵥵ģҪԣŲͿ¡д۴ˣֵĵˮľǶǱûкʴĲҲ߸һɼ
ҪһʵݣЩҪʱʵõķֳһˮľʵעһҺȻͶ
̫ˣ˯ɣҪ콨ʵ~岻ѵˮľϺϴ˯ˣһͽ硣

ڶһ磬СͣһδˮľȥɢȥˡǺʵģõӳȥɹɹ̫ˮľֲ˺þõʵⲻˡ
СȥѧУǱ߰ɡ
ãҪȥ³𣿡
˳ȥҲá
ˮľСһ·̵ı߱߹䣬˺óʱѧУ
þûˣСжûˣ
ǵˡǱǲ³
ֻ³ѧϻѵΡ
Ҳֻô䷳ˡˮľЦŶС˵
³ˣڴкҪҪȥ
šˮľƿΣվ
ˮľ廹ûãҷȥɡ
ˣôֵܼġ³ѧǰ¶ģʵ̫ѷˡ
û߽³Ƿ˵ҿǱɫ԰ˮľʦ˰ɣϴร˵뵱߿ɲǼ򵥵鰡ҪȻͻˮľʦһ
³Ӵҵ̲ģʹ𣿡ˮľˬ˵ܻҵҿҪǮġ
ǸˮľһСľ~ʵϰˡ
ԱߵľҶȴʮָȤʵˮľʦǲǺΣգǽɣǲǺܿ᣿
ľҶĻԱߵѧһ塣
Դ˵̫磬ҪúϰԺʵߣΪȥɸ񡣺ˣڴϰȻϢһᡣ
ˡѧźһɢ
ˮľʱѧУʲô𣿡
û£ǹ㿴þûءˮľһɵ˵㻹ӣһ㶼û䡣
Ҳûðܱʲô첻Ǽô
˵㵱ʦѧӡ
ʵҲ֪ĺòáˮľЦԴǱҵˣҲþûˣҲ֪ǹúòãʦûкúý̵أ
ˮľ̾һͲõˣǶѾˣҲ³㻹ҪǿҲ˵
ôᣬ³Ϊˮľ˵Цǣ
ţһ˵ˮľû˵һҪ³֪ˮľĸ߼ҲУ֪Сܲܵˡ
Ǽһﲻ֪ûи鷳³˼˵
ȻǸСӣҲǺϸˣ֮ӦÿԼ˰ɡ
̫ˡ
³ҾͲѧˣһ£ˡҲˣˮľ׼ǡ
ת߳ѧУŵˮľһۺѧòֺ³Ȼκǧ活ˡ
СͿǵδˡˮľ߰㿴ȼɭϵĲпᣬѪͳǱ츳ɳٶȣɳ߶ȣԴ׼ֻǻ۲ܴӸϸıˡʱˮľҲԸϣ֪һ㣬ԵͨˡԼΪת⣬ѾԼ㶼㲻ˣοԼҲôƽһˡ֪ˣȻ֪ˣҪһЩԼɡ
СҸط緹Ȼȥɣ쵽ˣеȡ
Ⱦȥɣ緹Էе󰡡
ҲãﻹвٲˣŪԵľˡ
صҺˮľС緹ϢʱСͻȻ˼˵Ǹˮľϴ˵Ŀ飬ô
ţôͻȻ˵
ǰЩʱںɽСľǿһԡ
Ǹ֪ĵطôˣ
һЩʻҪˣҾȿ꣬ȵʱҪˡ
Ǻܺðôˣ
ᷴԡСһѾһЩ̣Ҫһȥɣ
áˮľӦ㻹йҲ̫˭ꣿ
ʱԼտûʱĻһԱɡ
ǺðɣԼҵʲôʱȥ
󡣡
ǵʱһȥɡˮľͬˣʱƵ˺Ǽҳ㷹Ӧò


25 Ը
ȣľҶҲһ֣˵ˡ̿ٽİҲԽԽˡ
һʱ䣬ˮľǧ活ݷ˼׼۵档ˮľʵֻ࣬Ҫ̫ƫƧλãľҶķ٣ʲôȽס
ˮľļʶҲЩЩãֻܿ˳˳ˡ
˼̫Σյĵشп̿Ժɰ̴ϮĵطѡһȽϿľҶҽԺɵ̡˵ϮǾȫˣ˵ԼֹľҶֵĻҸƧĵطһˣԺ̽ҲԼϵˡ
СԣɣֱӾ̫ˣҪⲻô죿ˮľǾʲôòõģֻǾõľҶϮ󣬼۸ܻ½Ƚϻˡ
һԼƴӵСεûͬ⣬̬ȵǳǿӲ
ҾúܺðԷҲǮҲǺܸߡ㿪ҵҲɲǵĵ갡
ţһֱϰδΨΨŵŵģǺˣСҲһģˡԼ˳ΪԸδɡһֱæ빴ĶǣǺ߽ߵķ羰
ɣˡˮľûʲô뷨ЩС£ܶʱԼ龫ˣ㣬Լ˶Լһѡô
δһƽʱģּۻ۵ӣ˹Ŀ࿴Լû£ҲûĴЩ£ǰҲֻǻ켣ײͨ졣ԭˮľһ̰Ŀ棬ʲôľӢʿŸɸͨͨûгϢѧʶͱ緭ʲô˻һŬǣԶԼĶ࣬ԼߵδҲԼоϡԼֻһ̰С˵ͶߣΪһӬͷСƽϣʵ̫ˡ
ҪһЩɿԼˡ۹ҪӦ͵λĥӬӪվ;һϹĥЧ̫ˡ
ˮľ㻹𣿡ûˮľĻŵСе㲻ġ
ô᣿ˮľЦŴҸû
ǾͺãһֱһΪܲˡ
㵣ˣ˼ֻЩ顣
ʲôʲôܰæô
ţȲ˵һȥֵЩɣþûȥɽСľˡ
ҲãһȥɡôԶֵסô
ģͺˣɣȥء
еСľݣǼƺףϾɵļҾߺװΣȴļΪɾ˲ñơֺǰֻǶһΧӵ޻䣬ţҲ֪ʲôƷ֣˾˾Ŀ
ϢˮľӹСݹһˮͷһȹ⡣
ⱭҲ̫ƾˣԺҪµİɡ
áСڴӦҲ֪ǲȥˣǼӵ磬¹ͷһ˰ɣôԶ˰ɣϢһᡣ
еˣȳԷɡ
ţֻдŵı㵱ûʲôɿڵķˡ
ûϵĺܺóԡ
˳Թһֲ赭ȻϢһᣬСϤĴʻˮľһߣѵõʱ⡣
ôȺˮľͻȻδ˵Сȥһط
ðȻе֣СǺԥĴӦˡ
СϣӰ۶ˮľǧ活
ˮľǲȥǰ˵ǸطС˵
ûˮľһڳˡ
ǣ㲻˵ԺҲʹ賶ϹϵôˮľĻشС׷ʡ
ȻˣҲǸ˵ôûƭ㣬Ķַӡ𣿡
㻹ȥʲôҪٸ賶Ϲϵòã
ˣҲȥҴˡʹ˻ͺñ뻢ıƤ˵ʲôʱûмֵͱˣԼĿǰСﾭڣҲûȥʱȥ
šȻǲѣֲˮľһǰСಽĸš
ռеλãˮľ˳ҵ˵ط˳򿪻غһСʵչǰ
ɣСʲôûУ˵ûʲôΣյġ
ǡССĽ䱸ţϸÿһ䣬۹Ǹҩװˣǣ
ǲǺϤܲϤһǰˮľұϵӡֱһʵ̫ˡ
ʲô
ǷӡǸļҩõװãʹһҲҪĶ
СǲܷĵӣˮľοǸѾӡôװûˣٵɣ̫ռطˡ
ٵ⵽Ϊʲô
ȻΪεĻˣˮľ͵ǸûҪĵطʲôûУһЩҲû˹ܡ
Ҫطʲô
ˮľЦֱóᣬ⿪ųһƿƿ޹ޣʵеֲӣ֪ʲôƷֵĶչǰ
ⲻڼʵĶôҪᵽ
԰ԺȽ鷳ľͶŵڼŪ̫ˣԺԽԽ࣬ûطˡˮľ϶Һһѳ˯һ̫ˣطȽϺá
šֻСǿԽܵģǣֲЩҲﲻʲôæ~
ʲô鷳£ֻҪûʱʱһ£¼һݾˣҲʲô¡
ǺðɡСԥһ£ǴӦˡ
ʵˮľԭƻȵ̿ԺЩģǾ¼ƻϲϱ仯ʱȣǰҲ԰һļƻˡ
Сһͷ
ʲô
㣬ҪȻҿɸˡ
ҪԼСѰһͷҪʲô
ʶʶԼһ浽ʲôģˮľЦŶС˵֪ˡ
ˮľָָһԵǸǱûǾҵͷ
СչȥһˮľװԼͷǸ
ôܣ
ֻǸﻹһצ״ֻ⼸ˮľעʱƣ״Ѿ󻺽⣬ȻӲһצģ
һɣտʼҶԼǲǹˡ
ôСһɫҺ嵽ʲô
⼸Ҫջǳ˭䲻ҩҪҺ¹⼲绹ɽҶɾĻزˡˮľɵ˵Լһɹˡ
ԼЩӵĳɹСҲǶԽҪԼ߹δ·İһɣȻСһֱûбֳǵǵôʧԼΪһֱǰڰڣʹԼû˵ٻƭҲûи֪ࡣȻԼԸһԲ֪ɰܵδһ̹ҲӦõġ


26 ˸߽
ҩʲô᲻ʮΣգСʵǾ̫Σˡ
ΣյȻеģͨ˵ҪĶҩǶ˵ֻҪʹòʵΣԲǺܴ󡣲õĻǱȽϰȫġ
ˮľķȰ˵СǾæ
̫ˣСлл㡣ˮľҲܸˣ˿ɿİ֣һжݶˡ
ţˮľЩʵ飬ӻ᲻᲻ˣ
ǿ϶ģʵұϾʲôгѰĵطٲһЩѪȺͲʵġҲ˼ĵ»ЩֻҪôӿˡˮľ͵ֲʲô캦飬Լģûϵġ˽ȽϺáְҵӴԶеĶࡣˮľû˼޹ûʲô̵飬ܱȴŲЩ鶼Ҫˡ
ˮľϸĽһЩҪעҪСæĶ²һµ»أȻһЩͻڱڣ˾뿪ˡ
صɽСľݣͣö׼شˡ
һ·ϣСֹˮľɵʵʲô˵Ͼ͵ˡ
Щֵﵽģʲô
Ǻǣ㻹̲סءˮľЦֻһҵͷģĶѪռŪġȫû˼ˮľȫСˡ
ǣЩǻЩǲǲ̫á
Щԭֻһ̯Ѫôܻǻģԭ˻ĺúõģֻǰѱ˲Ҫöһ°ˡ
û¾ˡ
ȻôοСʵΣֻԼ֪ˡˮľɵһΡ
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ЩѾ߲ˡҪߣ߱ͻƣҲͲκεˡƽ磬ܹսɱмԭĶǼΪˣֻܱסңӶԨ
ңĵҪԲԶʵʱʱ̶̿Ӱÿһˡ˼ʹϵ£ɷۣ۵ȵȹÿһ˵˸߽磬ҲǱͻһҲɥʧ˷ûκ־Ҳ޷ɵջֻһʧȥԭ˸𡣾ͺñǲԵܵܵİһֱάϵԼĵߡȴ޵֪нһжķ顣
ˮľȡ޹˵ʮҪĵߣҪȷ˵ٸԼĵ¹Ƿ޹
ĿǰЩ鰴Լ֪˵ʻҲ͸̸ǲһˡǵһԼĶˣԼµֺ޹˼ɵӻǵôԼǵԼҲǲԭµ
ԼĵĸС԰οǹЩʵ÷δĴҲҪúһˡ
СɫҩҲڻ԰ԣ֣ѹ޽ӵȵȶʹãӦÿԵЧʺͲɫҩҲʹÿЧҽַԱȵķ¼ݺЧˣһʱЩٸҿ
áС˵ĽӹҩֶͿԶֵ㻨ǮˣҲ˻ӭƷҲ˵ϲС൱ġ
עⰲȫͺãŪˣЩ󣬶ΣգһЩõ鷳ˡ
֪ˣһúñܵġС֣ص˵
ףⲻˮľ𣿡˵˺ͻȻһɢѾûǸӶû
ˮľҲܾȣôɣ
ˮľʦһɫǲʲô±ˣֵĲʾˡ
һԵĴҰӣòĴкȴֻǵͷʾˡ
СӣòĺúӰòҲгءˮľ΢ЦŻ˵˳ѵأ
ҪҰҲ˳ĵ˰
ף˾ҲڰˮľһǸ˵ʵڲ˼̫ˣղû㡣
쵰ǹģҲơ˵žҪˡ
ס֣ˡæֹˮľʦոˣֵܶġ
𣿡һţֻҲôˣ
ڵ̽ʧܰΪľҶѫǰһضûСҪͷˣӦúúÿһ¶±ҵߵĵˣЩʮбҪӦûѧУٽһ¡
ѧУһӦòɣӦòôɡ
ˣˮľ߱߶Կ˵ôôŻûиŵĻӦͿɰɡ
ڲ֮˷һЩʱ䣬˵ҲǸûᣬս̵Ҳ
˵ʦҲԽأһꡣ
ðɡνָĲҶҲûʲô˰ɡ
ţûˣæûй䡣
æҲأʱˡ
Ӧ˵ʱûʱ׼ˡˮľʾһ£Ҫμ𣿡
̲ԣ׵ġ
ţȥҲã˵оϲġ
һ˵ŻѾԾ߽˴ӡ
Ҿˣټæȥ
ţټ󲡳壬æһ죬Ҳ۵òУȥϢȽϺá
ˮľǸǣСûϳľ
ľҶľǳҲǳߡˮľûϸ˵ʵδܵϻӰҲ˵
ôС࣬û뵽òһ̶ֳȵߡ
òˮľ̾˿ʱܹ֣Ϲһ˧
˵ЩˣȥɣͲˣѾҪʱʱ̿չˡ
СͬˣãСġ
صˮľУѵʱԣһһٴͣΪһæµ͡
ԱˮľѵСһʰꡣ
СȻ˵ȫˣǹһ¡ˮľͻȻһ£ɵߵδޣĵԱ˭æû
Сƺȫǵ£һ޹ı顣
߹ˡŮǿֻ꼻һôӱȻԺԡ


27 
ľҶһͨĻУˮľڱڸ˴󲿷ֵĹ̨棬۾ϸоͷϣʱҲֱߵıֽддæµģʹòԭĿȴ
ˮľԭֻСһ֮ǰʱʹһѵԱļԱĹȴٳûнչԼ⼸Ѿ˸Сϰ壬Ūˮľ᲻ԡ
ǲϵˣˮľŷӦСԼ˸ף⼸·̫飬СĲȫһʱַҵһ£˵ĹͬʱôڵԼһȥ׷裿
Ůʵ̫ѶˣҲãиʱ࿴ѧϰҸһЩ˽Ӵ˵Ҳջ
õˮľ׼ǵʱȴһڴԼĻꡣ
ˮľʦô㣿㿪ģֻһͷ𷢵ŮɽоҰ
ǾҰҼҵġûǴĻҰҲǿģôֵ̽ҵˣ
ŲǣһʲôҵܣҰæϵֻ˵¿һҵ꣬͹û뵽ˮľʦġ
ʵ˵ҵδ޿ģֻǴΪϡˮľһ¾Ͱй¶ˣʵҵǾÿ᲻ãϾľҶв񶡴Ĵθҵ궼⡣Լûʲôõóֵˮƽ䷽̫Ū
Ծ͸Ļˣ
ǰϾⷽδޱȽϸȤҲ㾫ͨҾͲˣȫ㲻
֪ˣˮľʦҰ˵ЦȻôһ£Ǻܶ䶼ˣôҪˡ
ɣӣôԴ˺츳ˮľʵڸ㲻ɫͬҲΪƵ仨Ϊʲôһࡣ
Сͺͻ򽻵ľҰʵڲˮľֶʻܺΪ˲ʱ佫˳۵ĵطһ¡
Ұ鷳ˡæµɽоҰˮľ˵ȻСͻˣˡ
СʦδޣʲôˣҪˣ
𣿺ôҲǳĴˡ㻹Ƕɣ˵ҰӣϦԣչٰϾǽˮ¥̨ҿҰϣˡ
˵ҲŲͷСӣ
˭֪أҰ̶ôôУ
񣬲ŻݼСҰ͵ˮľʦҲô
ұȽ⣬˶þͻæˡ
̺ʹʦлش壬̿ûˡ
Ұллˡˮľɵø̾ЩݲݵĻŮӱȽģ͵л͸ˡ
ˮľʦɽоҰûнӣǳϯ~
ǰɣˮľεڨЦǻɡ
ǽõģˮľʦɧม
ǾҰԼѡһ֧ˣõ壿¼ʲô֮࣬ǺŪȥˡ
ɽмҪأ˵ܽԼķա
ˮľҲ֪ҪһĴŪּܡɽҶòƵõһ㴫ڣô㵽ֵģϵҰ
ôŵˮľûһͻȻͻΪһʧһӰ֣Ȼˮľ
ʱֵ𣬿ǲУҪ취
ʵղһֱֻһˮľӰֶӰĴˮľҪļֵǷļ;ᴫһֵˡΪ˸һ㣬ˮľ÷ӡӰ֮ǴʹõԣˣҲǿʵ⼸죬ȻûͻʹʱֻҪϣͻʧһʵڲ̫㣬ܿõķͺˡ
һ죬ˮľںӰ֮ͷӡ򽻵ͨҲ˳оһ£ʱж̣ɹ޼ľҶ彥˲İˣһЩŻӵҲֱһ죬ľҶĶԱ´ˡ˿еķˮľʵ̫ȥԼôҲǲ̿ˣôãҲõĲˣȥҲá
ˮľҲΥӰ칫ҡ
һ·ҲһЩ߻кˮľ˺˸ĵطˡˮľʵ᲻𾢣ֻNN˵û꣬ȻϳƼˣȻ³ǳ̧ܣ۵Ϸ룬ûǲǸϡ࣬Ԥˣ
ȥˮľ˸ĹǷ
ͻȻԱߵĳͱͱԼĸ첲
ˮľعʵͻȻֲԣôڿߣ
ȿȡʵˮľ廹û𣿡
籾ôԣˮľ򶨵شѾûˡ
ǾͺãԤʲô𣿡
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ˮľҸʲô״
ˮľʱ³˵ˮľллӦҡ
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ѵ˵³Լһ˻òҪѹֶҡ鷳
ѡҰӣɣʡˮľѡ˸ɵġ˲ǣҪôһл˷ŵҪôȺŹô𲻵ʲôáˣСԲͣд̫鷳ĿǰҰӣǸӣûһԺûٻ۸ˡ
СӣҲãˮľ󲡳˾ͽҰɡ鷳ˣ͵㻹ϴεɡ
³ҵɲ˰ΪС¾õɳԿˡ
ô᣿ͦõô
Ȼô˵ĻҲܷˣҪú׼һء
ˮľ㸺СӣԣͻȻˣͻȻҵĲµδеˡ
İɣҲҪȻƼǸ
ô˵ȻǵġҵĵĲǣҵĵ㡣
˵ĺ񻵵һͺúÿžˡǰɣ³
̫־ˣϾֻ½̣ˮľ³
ģзִġ
ˮľַһЦݣΪСӣĲѡ
ԤԱ³ʱʵʲô£ȷʵһԼ⼸оɹĺûᣬǴҰӣĿǰϲ̨ĶҲúʡ
йоصʵʵ̫ȤˡҰӣʵ̫ˣһ¶˼
ֻҪѣӦòҵİɣͷ۾ˡô졣
ˮľҧָɿĽӡͨһӰˡ
ѾȽȶˣһεǳıְɣȻֻ̫ܵʱֶΣѾĿǰеķˡ


28 ɳķ
ҰӣܷգΪĹϵ޽չҲΪԼˣĸеСԼѾϺȵĴˡϯҲˣβҲԼŵģԼĵλȻȲˣʵ̫ˡԼɽܵԼһƺʵ
Ҳǿ˰ͺֻңʲôæﲻϣҰӣ̨Թ԰̿԰ҪҪȥأʵûİǲҪϺ˰ɣ
ھʱͻȻ˺Լ
һ鳡أľεĿæµеˮľ
ǽǻ󣬻ôͷӡʽ֪ĻΪڲսء
б޻ˮľΪѧҿô󹦷ӦøлҲŶԡ
һԤԣбҪô鷳
Ϊ˴ӵһΪǰӦò鷳ŶԣθȥˣˮľΪǼƻ˺þãɲܰ;ˡⶢҸȥˣ
ʵһǱȽϷĵġεΨһĵľСӣˣ为𿼺˵㡭
ˡ󹦸ɵˮľͷʵղ˵ʲô
ûʲô˵Сӣˡ
ãҶȫû
վĸߡ
ԶСӰ˹Сӣģ
˵лҪ˵Сӣ˵ǴֵطʲôΧЩû̵Ĵ֡
Ƚϰû˴šҾͳ˵ˣ㻹˳̿԰ɡĻôҰӣͷת
һԹ۵Ŀüͷһ壬Ǹ˵ȻǸûĵĻ쵰
ʱŴҰӣˮľϽ˻󣬽ҲʼϸıΧεò壬СͷӡҲʼá
ΪʲôҪ˳Сӣȵʵѵ˵ϲһ𣿡
ʵУ˳ԺҺ˻ʵһӲμӿԡ
ǣʦͬô
Ƕ˵ԸμôֻҪ˳ؿʦҲ޻˵
⿴żٰ;СӣˮľŤͷԿЦ÷ϳˣҪʹһ𣿡
ˡһڻؾ
źʵ̫Ȥˣʵ˵ҶĬϸеˡ
˵ˮľʩչӰ֮ȻӰһĲģȻͳ˹ȥĿֶͻȻıʺǵĹ޴ӣʱ
Сģ˺󡣡һֱӽСӣ˵ڵأ̼䣬ֱӱɴ⬣ۿͻˡ
ܵĴȫ̿԰ɣҪȻͻ³ӴӰҲʱų
أֻСӣһƿӰӻϣΪƭľҶ𣿡
ߵˮľһüԭٳ壬ˮľѾǳλˣ˸ڴĦĵˮľ٣ӦòôױֲŶԡڲСϸ仯Ҳν
㿴СӣĶǲⶼܱ塣
Ͼ֪ʶģҲõģֱܹҲҲһĿǰϼѱֻ֣Ҫ̫Լ˵ˣСӣ޷μ̿ˡ
ⱻ𴩣ӰҲֻǿˡ
ԼأС̿ԿɲЦˣһжʵรȻ㲻Ըôôүɫɡ
δһſ޼䣬·ŵһӰʣֻľͷʿεҰӣ
˷ĹСӣӶ˫ֽӡ׼ֻ޴Сӣ壬ȴ߿ܵĳҲСӣ壬ȴȻû˵ֺڵ߿ܳСӣԴʱСӣͻȻеԣæܣȴȻһһͷ˳ŵƮ䡣
еʵϣˮľѶȶѶ̫˰ɣ˵
ˮľش½ȷʵѶ̫󣬵ǶҪμ̿Ե˵Ҳǿ˵ùȥ
šǿ˵
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󷨽糹׷ӰϿܣֱӽɱ˹վĴҰӣ˷ֱʿ˲佫ľͷƴɵĿߵķѣȻ˱ܹӰĿޡ
ˣˮľҪ𣿡
ʼհɣӰʱ䲻ˡ
ˮľӰˮ£ʼάŻйصľ棬ƣĴҰӣֵˮľӰʧ
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д۵Ķ֮£һĻε඼Ρ
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ٺСӣҲ֧Ųס͸֧壬һ̱ڵϡ
ղͷֶұߵģǶԳˣˡ㾫Ĵ㷢ǱǸһϸӿܿðΪ˸лݳ͸ɡһӸ˴Ұӣ㻹Ǻúÿ˵ĻɣûӦʵֻǱ˵ĸ
ɫѿĶˮľ˵̫˰ɣˮľ
Ǹôˮľνʼ磬Ȼӡ⡣
ܻΪһʧŻҲɢ
Сӣʲô
оɹһӡҩϣʵãСӣѧԼӲ͵ʺϲˡ
ѧԣȻ̫е˼˵ǲ̫ˣ
ˮľҡͷ̾˿ƫأȻһһ͵ߣҲ츳ҲӦöԴҰӣĲŻӶɣ
Ҳ˵öԣȷʵ̫óӦŮߡ
Ӧˮľһӣҵ£ѧֲҵģıɡҪȥύˣͽˡ
ԽвõԤУû뵽ô鷳ͷ۲ѡ


29 ɽկ
ɫˮľŽصС˲ٲ֮⣬ҲδˮľоôۣϾʵ̫ˡ
СһʱæͲˣǱҲȥ
áҲæвټҪ
æ˰ɣʵڲڴ﷢һ񡣡
Ǯ񣿡
Է£Һÿ쵽µˣҪˡ

Թʰӣˮľóͨᣬųľͷܡ
СϴƲӡ
˵ˮľһܶͷ˲ľͷܱһ߲ĵİ˰ģ۵ϴŻƣ˫˫צ΢ǰ͡
оôˮľŹ˷ˡ
ƽʱѾûˣսеǸղǿȲս˾ȻҲشˣּϸ۵ǻ
άֽģܹʱó𣿡
ָ̫ܴ࣬Ұӣֲε塣
Ŀǰʲô
ԶԽǼҵսĲԽˡҵĻ̼ٵ͸֧ʹԭͲӵĶ̡
֧Ŷã
˵սĴǿˡ
شˮľҲЩ֡
ĹˣʵˮľͷΪԭ͵Ŀ¡塣Ϊ˽Щ¡Ŀ⣬˳㻹ԼĵˮľͻĲο˶Ǹԭʵܼ򵥣ԼӰĲƺͷӡϵ裬һ̺ԼӰӡ˿¡֮С
ԼԭУβҲǱฺ־Ĳ壬ӰҲǳԼ־Ĳ壬߼ʹԱԶγɵԭƺơѡ񣬻бӰ¡һԸӺʵϵô
һԵ뷨Ƕļһ͵ˡ
ͬ˵־Ϊβ־ӡˮľƷ෴ֻǿտҲǣˮľֻҪӡһţԼ־Ӱй¶һ˳µռ塣˳ˮľšԭпĳɳеʶҲûг͵ĻˣҲ˽һ׮¡
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ﱾͲ٣ȡԴ뾫ʵʹõûʲôҪսѹեһʹãپͳΪҳ㷹ˣˮľĲ̶ֳ֮ȵҪΣǼˡˮľߴ󲿷ֵսʽʵǳͷβħ͸֧Ǽҳ㷹ʵֱȷӿѧҺΣ󻷾ˣϦԤ֧δ·ҲͲΪˡҲѹ־󲿷һ۷ھѸ˥ˣȫûд˵ʵԽǿԽļҪǧϸֹ֮Ĵһﷴ̽ʷͲһˡ
ɣȽϢȻٲҪСģĿǰҲֻˣûԴԴϵĲԴֱֻ취ˡˮľСʼ

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ϲˮľԹԵڼ¼ͨͨ꼰֪λ㹫ʽ
ȽҪָܷʲô֮֮ĳռֻҪŪ·ʵҺʹӵķˡ̿ԣô档
ˮľĲҪֽддĶǰһ׼׵ĿһʱƣԽԽĿױϳˮľһ̲ͣдʲôӾ͸ŵһƱβ
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ţˮľˬ̧ͷȻѾ󿪷֮ˣҲ̫Űɣ
˿ûԼѾ˿̫ѹˮľ֪һ¡ǿɣˮľ˿ӣѾ˰ѹֳסˣϷƺҲ˰ɣ
Ȥˮľͣϵ£ȤĿſɣֱŵÿ˶
治ϷĻôأŵˮľŤͷһ־ϣˣھǰ׾ˣҰûȤǵݴ𰸵ġǽŮģĶǷͲθڣͲǿˣรɣ
ʮӺԽˣˮľ΢ЦŵòҶĿɺ־ϲòϣڵʮ⣬ϲĿʽļ尾У˵ı˳ͨĿԣֻ׾ͨˡ
ǽˣҲˡˮľ߳׼ȥˡ
ˮľ㲻ǵڶɭֵĻôеڶɽҶʵ
㶼˵Ǻѡ״Һ򲹵£ˮľ㵽»û£
ɽҶƿԵˮľеĻؼȥˡ
ֵĻˮˣ֪Щܲջأ


30 ɻ
ɭֵĵڶԽеݱʱˮľȴѵõһڽй䣬һרѡƹݣŮԡҵȸΪӮҵˮľȻòֵطˣֻҪȷһˡ
ǸͷģӦþҲ˰ɣһŮ¶ԡⷢ͵ĺɫ˵ˮľˡҪλûڻľҶ˵׼ܲܵסɰ̵Ͻ淢仯ľҶʧأǿɾ鷳ˡ
ѾȷϣˮľҲͲ˷ʱˣ׼תؼˡһˮľȴͻȻתӰ¥ȥ
ˮľ칫ſڣš
⼸ôæµҲ߲
ˮľŽȥֹš
ˮľҼǵڲûʲô𣿡ʵ
ˣҪ鱨ǰ
ˮľ˵֣£Ҳͣе飬̧ͷˮľʵʲô鱨
Ҳˡˮľոڴ﷢ҲȻδˣǿӦò
Ҳˮľ鱨ƺҲϣ﷢ֵģ
¶ԡŮ
ϵĴҲŪΪΣƺûˣӦҲû
͵Ϊƺǳ˵ŷ
ûб֣ûи˰ɣ
ûУҲֻз֣ȻֱǰˣӦòᱻע⵽Ҳûиˡ
Ǿͺá˵ŷԸµΪֹҪˡ
֪ˡ
ȥɡ
ǡ
ˮľ뿪룬룬ȡһһ֮ǰ̴ɰ춯鱨ҲҲʲôĵطԲŻôϣһжֻǿѨɡ
ɭУڶĿΪŬΪʵǿļļһȲĿʼ׷Ժɱ
սݱʱһСӱߵˮȴеɫ͸״･˰ߣֻһжӶĹâĻͲע⵽еƮߣûз춯һС帡ˮ棬ˮľɽկŲעĿˮĸγɵڱλƾˮľԼɭֵϤ֪ľǱǰɭĹɲǺջˮľͽһһľһԼҪʵټ򵥲ˡ
ߣò̫ԶʵСļһ߲Զģж󡣡ʮּ򵥵ľͱ˷򣬡˼Ǻţ׷Ȼ㡣
һ·ϣˮľܵĶſܵսڻ뿼ķǿ˵עĿǵһҪ񣬲˶޼ɵʵġ
ˣǰ档ܿ죬ˮľҵĿꡣһž֦Ҷеˮḷ̌̽糣һŮСáǴαװٵĲ̣ڵǸСӣ͵͵µıǣˮľ׾ٵ
֮ǰˮľϸϼƹĿǰԼǵûģôҪ˵衢ҩʦִˡɰ̲ǺǵģľҶʮľҶı֪˶ţϴβ֮͵͵˵ѪҺʵû˹ܾѾˡ˵ʵˮľһϣҲŹµʺ˵еֵҪ˵ҵʬ⾡ͨŪòˡ
ҵ׵ˮľҲǷˣĿǰûбˮȵǣҲŸոձǲˣԴ˹ڻ׷дۣʱûȤĿǰҰ״̬չջˡ
˴ʱˮľΧСӵĸһѵ;ߣ͵䵥ȥȰ˵ˡ
ԲһδαŰĲҲ̶ãˮľɵøпʱһʵҲйоأ̫ټѪƿҲûͨ̿ԵĻᡣֻԹԼãһ̿ԵĹʵ̫ˣʵμ̿ԣ嶼Ӳ˱ȫ޶׳ˮľ;ûʲôǰ;ˡʵ̲Ŭ̽ģҲǲģκʲУϧˡ
ˮľȴʱͻȻԶһзӦˡ
Ļ졣ˮľе㾪ȣΪᵽϲ棬ãϴԤûϣԼռʱǿԺˡŵˮľٷֳһӰɲ̵ģԺ̶̣˱ȱԼһ
һߣڳˮĻᣬͻȻ˲õ壬ոտд۵ĸϳ˿Ҫһֳ˾ײԥ˳źۼ׷˹
СǰͻȻһ٣Ȼԭܣֻö޼ովĵص㡣˵˫Ÿողϵɱһȼ
⣬ˡæܣһıըѸٵûӰҵĳֱӽƷصˤڵϡ
ľҶ߶ôԴļһһ˾͸׷ǲӵ߷ﰡӵзḻɾˮľʵ̫ʺֳˣһ͸һŲӣĲ̴˷ӿ֣ʵʵеĿŵ滹ֵ˹ȥľҶСӲŻˮľҲһǰһ¡
δֻѾýοٵĶ壬ǻûȰѾͱӰŰΧ
ݣ֮~ͻΧɿĽӡȻһӿǰһƬռճɰ׵ء
ôãˮľûصص㣬Է̵ǲֻô㱾ô
ô˵ˮľɲֱӺϣҪǱ⣬˵ѹĿǰʵõһˮľˣֲ㹻ˣҪ浥ԼĿǰģòһ
ǲôˣҺ˽㵽Ǻηʥͷ¶βĵС
Ǹ˵󻰰д۶õǲҿûзҵ˵ɡ
รǲͦ˽ģǾʶһǲʵɡײȫԸĻ治Ƕ֡
д۵ȻͶˣʲôã֮Ϊһ֪֮ˣֻװˡ
ڿͷͲ㱻ڻӰеĿ۾׵ԼĲأͣЪĶټٵ͹
ǲʧ
ĺܴˣӰ֧Ų˶ãƾ֡
˵ǲһ屻ɱֻʣһܵķﱻһǸ͵ҷϾɣɾԽ࣬Խศɣ޼ɵ˵˵ĻĻҲǺܶˡ


31 ƿ
˵ʲô۵ĻôʹͶǲĳǾǰġ˰̵пŭѣǶԸ֪ںδĵ˺ް취ֻͽ͵ĺķŲڻ֮Уʹдۿǲʱӵʵòʮ־һҲ
нѣԼдһ˳ľڲѡǰҰޡ˼ɵһ˵ŵΡһ˾ȻԼǱԼС̿ԣĸ̫ˣϣСӣ˸ϽֲԹ֧ԮĿǰֻпСӣͷԺ˵ĹˡȻҪ׵ĶæԽ˵ʵǲģĿǰҲûиõİ취ˡ
ĻˮľӰҲŲʹ״˼ǷҪǲ
ҲԵĲˣܵҲ׷ˡţǱǣ˼ˮľͻȻдߣ̣ע⵽ߵĶҪ֮ãⴴˡ
һߣΣУΪûܹϵͳѵĽ츳췹ԵŮʵʵǲҲ̶ãɭһ߶˱ľޣСķûУһοɾûӢ۾ˡѵõˢøжȵչջᣬˮľȻһʲôģˮľҲûǸֻҪպҪͶ裬ܹѡʱ࿼һԼߵ·ˡ
ǳ׽ˤĿĻᣬˮľˣɵˮľḻúܣֱֵһɡ⸿䶯ãҩŵӡὫڴȥΪʵزĻɱ˳⣬Ժ˵
þޣˮľת߽ףϵ۾˹ȥ
㻹վô
Եġ׻Żŵģæվӹˮľݹ۾ãĿˮľ
֮᣿û뵽ύܡˮľһ˵
ҪϳȥǲѾɥʧʸˣ
ףô֪ǿٶǲμӿԵѧˮľΪȵʵ
Ĳ͵һĿһģһű߼࿼ΪǸرעһ¡ȻڵӲܴ󡣡
˵ȫ֪Եɵˮľֵ׵츳ѾΪˣսôС
ֻпһǴͷβڼ¼׵ĿȻҶϳȥˡС˵
⻰ˮľһжᰡԼеһضˡ
ΪʲôһǸߣһ㼫Ϊɻˮľʵ
ôһֱڹ۲ǣھҪǲϸ˰ɣһûʲôó˵ŵ׸оΪʧ
ˣˮľò͵ȣҲǳֵģһ㲻õġ
̫ˡĺϢ׺ܸˡ
ΣϣԼ±ܣΪǲģԲϣ֪
õģһᱣܵġ
˵Ժ뿪̴壬˵޴ȥϣңҺܿĲܣҪҵæĿˮľȫû֪Ϊ˵ŮֱܷԵ٣ôξͺޱҪˡ
׼Ϊ𾪣ΪĹ¶ȻвѪسսһֱ׸ҾֱĶԴˮľкε׼Ϊ𶯡
ǣǲ̴ߣҴһֱҳ~˵ԥܰʲôæ𣿡
һ㲻ûɣҼȻô˵϶㡣ˮľȷŵ˵ҲҪֻϣδһлĻһ˵Ļˣһң˺ᣬҾͻ֪ˡ˵ˮľݹᡣ
׽ӹһúÿǵġ鷳ˡ
ˣҪҲˣˡﵽĿģˮľҲ׼뿪ˣˣ㣬̿ԼΪ⣬֮ǿ̫ˣ꣬ǿܻлᣬǽ㣡⣬Ȼ˵ԭϲ;˳ʵ²ΪеľᣬҲ˳ԡ
֪ˣлл׼ΪмľϹ
Ҳпҵˮľ˵ǰӰʧ
Ǹǿ㣬ĿǰֻǸСá󰡡
һսӰΧнѡԼû¶ͽˣת
֮Уڿ֧ţȴŲ֪ʲôʱֵ֧Ԯ
ףǿǶԷֲ֧ס𣿻սĲǿУô˵Ǹü󡣡ͻȻıľ˺Сӣ𣿲̫˵սʽɲôϢӡɶ񣬻ڱ˸֪ȫ֪ˡ
ͬʱѾĥþƣȺȥ
ˣˡţô˹ˣôλãôܣôûзӦˮľھȣͻȻӰͶµĿޣһƬӰɾˡԮҲûдᡣ
ݣ֮
䣬һͨæ˳ŻĹ켣ɱ˻ϡ
ôôȥˮôʹˣҲȥңɤŵ˶˶Լɷǳ
ϻˣϽ뿪ûΣգҴ⣬ôģ
Сӣ·߹ġ·ҡ
ߡԶ˴кĴҰӣ
һߣϽ뿪æԸ
ΪʲôҪߣԾԾԵ˵òһˣǲ֮ᰡ
󱿵ڱ׼õսʵ̫ˣȳˡﶯôѱ᲻ĵˣʱ򱻰ΧͲˡ
ȻԸ˻Ǹһ뿪ˣӰֵĻᣬɴҰӣ·ǲоյԶս
˾ȵ츳ôĹ򣬾ܽͷӡ⵽̶ֳȣܹôӵ״н磬˵Լ̫ǶԷ̫죿ˮľڴҰӣ츳ʵĽѣܼ̳и²˲ţľҶʮ̶ܵ־˵Ű
һж䶨ˮľҲ׼뿪ˣתһɱ⣬һӰǰ
㵽ʲôأ濴һˮľͷĻҿɲǵò̲μ̿ԵĿһ
治ˣǴ裬ֵ̫󣬰ΣҲˡˮľһ̾
˭ҿõ֣Ҫ۵ġ


32 ȫһ
軰δ䣬ֱ۾ͻΪһѲƵͷϮ
ǸӣԲȤˣ赱һĶûС
ˮľʹ֮ʵ࣬ͳսֲܹļ̶̼غϾѾˮľ壿ֶʵôĿʸûУˮľõĽͨǴɱڴֲε߿ǸЦ
Ӧٶȫ·磬˾ĲడȻϽɣץѱͲˡ
ղŲͦлôôֻᵽأܹộΪܴһȤû뵽ֻˮƽûֶεĻôɡղˮľǲ䳰ȷû뵽ת۾ͱһǱӦˬ
ҿɲǺ޷СӰȴʱˮľŴĻᣬѸٽӡ
һȣˮľӰըϴŵıը֮ȫ֮Ĵֱӱըûûȴ辪ȣ｣˳űըϮֱӾͽɴ⬡
ը¶˺۵Ĵ裬ֻ廯һѸʧһµĴٴγ֡ЧӰĹ˺ûС
ʲôԭֻһӰǳϡԲ̿ԵĿӦþ߱ʵֻгоͷḻܲóĽҲͺýˡ
΢˵ȤĴѸٸ֪ĶǱߵûʵε̺ͷŮҲô۾ͻȻһ򣬡˰ɡ
һߣѾﵽĿĵˮľ¡ԶսͻȻһɱը
ӰѾʧˡһƾӿԺһ˳ôǣôôˣá
ˮľӦһ˾ֲѵɱѸˮľ޴ѹȸн٣ʹˮľвܺĴֹס亹Ӷͷ
ɱʵ̫˰~ˮľЦѣղֻˣģڲ΢˵ôߵʵôôƺȫһ֪ΧڵˡʵԽߣĲԽĲ~
ܵٽӽɱ⣬ˮľҲ˲ôˡ
ȻܷҲͲòðˣһķƺ߲ˡ
¶ĵˮľͳޣȻȻ£һԼϣʹĴ̼ѹеĿ־Уǿָж
ȻôģôҲ͹ֲѲƤˡ
Ŵˮľóһᣬ̯ƽڵϣȻҧָѸٽӡһֻϵľᷢĿĺ⣬ҵķӦֱӽٻɻҽȻһɫķƾո֣ԽԽߣԽԽֱһֱʮ׵ĹƯڽ׵ĸ߿ա
ͬʱľҶˮľԢУڹۿķӡϵˮľͻȻеһ󲨶ѸٷеĶóһڲľᡣ
ȻΣ̶ֳˣ˲˼ˮľͬһ취ڵذ̯ƺĳλĪϵһнת
Ȼˮľȡһ޴ķӡᣬſͲúõĽ磬ӡ
ǲǴ裬ʶһ´ɡ
ʱӡһɾ޴Ĳк£ֱ·취û벻
ɭеĸ߿շͬʱҲſһɫĶڣһɾ޴Ĳնֱķȥ޴ĳֱӽ·ըһӣɨΧľ׷۶ϡ
ž޴Ĳ£Χϲ޴ųɶ𡣾ҵĦľ޴ֱӲһƬ糾۵İɫԽԽ࣬ղһƬݻһеĵ罬򣬽׼ɽ⻹꣬ȿеĲк·ȻڵľʱȴСǰвĿֲռ䲨γһڵŴֱӷȥʵĿֲ״Ŵݻһе¡
ͨ飬š
һ޴Ŀֲ鵲ǰ棬ߵĳľ޴ֱӴɭ֡
޴ĳֱѹţ׵Ѹٲϣֻһͽ˺Ƭֻ΢Ƭ̾ٴǰֻͦһǿ˸ȻҵžҵıըڿնγһС͵Ģơ
ˮľĿ¡һԾ𣬽ӡ漴ԽѾͷһյķڶеķСʧ
ľҶˮľУʱʹͨȻһˣͷƺŤϵӰذϷбɵĺڶͻأĳˮľС
ȲҪ䣬ƣҪȻҪιȥҿҪˡ¡һصȫľؾȷԸ
ˮľҲϻѸٸһӪҩȻֶӹǷȫĶദۡڲƷ֮С
ֻҪܱסʱͱƣ͸֧ķٻظֲҵһˡ
Ҳãһ¹Ʋдˣ㼴ʹ¶̫ҲӦˡ
֪ˣúˡôɣ㵽ôŪġ
ɭ֣ײĢƽɢԭһƬïܵȫʧˡըγһԲʮףʮ׵ĴӣӵĵײھҵĸֳһƬƬӨ״СˮҲ˳ŵݴع˶ãһСҪˡ
ӵײһǿõͻȻ¡𣬽ΪӡֻʱĴ˺ۣȥ˲̵ǲƤãƤ͸󽹺ڣƺð̣ǳ˴ˡ
ûа취ˣû뵽ֵطһС
ֻͻȻſڣͷ˳ǽѿһ˳ѿ˳µĴȻòЩƣȴˡԭõһƤ
ĴѸټһܣûٷʲô˵ĴֻգôȻʲô˶ûͱ˳ͷһذ˵ŵĴͻȻЦҪ̽İһЩϵķֲŲȤءϣ´رһεĶֵ͡ô󣬴ҲӶˣϽвҪģǺǡ
ˮľ䣬ոստ¡ˮľֱӱ۵ȥż֮ˮľδǧ活۳Ĳˮľ÷ӡͨϵӴĲֱӺƿռһʱͨӴԶͶţֱγԶĹʱͨܳɰܣѸٳ롣ֹѵĵƷһֱŵһлʵС
һ¡ͨͨ鷵صĹʵǾһûпռ츳ҲûǿռļѹҪͱӿĲʱٵͨ¡ͱ˺Ƭˡ


33 Ҫ
˼µĴоôųȥˡ
˴ˮľһʹ
ʲУ·żһԣƽʱȫɲóôһξѻͽµĻĵһɶ㰡
ˮľһ˺۵Ŀ¡塣
ٳٲԸαҲʱҪжޣͨϾǲҪ󣬶ң⡣
ž˸еͷۡ
θô󶯾֪ʲôӦ
ɭ⣬ϴ춹ʱѾܻһɶԭһжúõģӴʱ䣬ɿżһҽС
ԭв²ƺнļ󣬾ҵĲɭԼоȣ˷ıըͳһܴﵽ
̫ѵΣ𣿡ϴ춹ԥǲҪȥʱһ̹淢쳣״ǲòʱ¹ȥˡ
ϴ춹ɫѿѾɱ飬֤ʾǵݣȴڻһʧ
д֮𣿡ϴ춹һ˲뵽ǸֲӰϵӡ֮һʹ
ǼϽȥˣһӣӰ֧Ԯ
˵춹ͼæɭȥ
ΪľҶ̵㣬µʲô
ɭУոѪϴ̵Ұ޻㣬ԶʱսҰ޵עתǸ򣬿ɺ־ȴͣȰҰ޸ϽԶΣյش
һߵǲ˻дҰӣҵĶ࣬뿪úսֱļǼӿԶĲ
ķϰ׸߿ʱֲϢɭֿעԽܳԶʱ״һͷﲻðͷѣֻรˡ
Сˣɵɫ䡣
Ͻҵطܡ
̿ôܻôǿļһ֣
ʱһ񾭵Ҳо˿ֲٳɣ˶
ϴ춹ɭַɱԶԶͿһ۵Ĺ¡
쵰ǳһ
޴ʹԶĺ춹о˵𶯡ԶԶȥΧŹһȦĿֲ罬˾òκܹҴ
ԺһͨŵĽԼԺСĢƸˢ˴󲿷˶޵֪
̳ɢȥǲĽԶսķ
Ҳ̶ֳôǿɱǲ˰ɡ
̽߶һ֪ڲʵʵĻ룬ҰӣҲ˹
û°ɡҰӣʵ
šĲɵܴ
ǱֵôҪҪȥ˵б˿ռ˽
ǲҪ˰ɡԺòΣյشҰӣʮִֵⲻ̿ԣôǿǿʵ̫ˣܿΣ˽Ǳ߻ǽӴȽϺá
뿪⣬ҸĶᡣ˾
ļһһһǿԼֻ۸һ¸̶ǵķôȥʲôʱܱ𣿡
ĿѾһеͲͷʲôమһ˵Ϸˡ
ҩʦڵСӣ˾Զ
òƴǿˣҪȥæ𣿡ͭ
ǲҪ˰ɣƣ˶еֵҿɲΪܰʲôæ~βͬ⡣
ҩʦûκλشһ˵߰ɣһе£һǻϡ˵žԹԵˡ
ļһ˵أȫǰͭͽ߲ѣưɣԴļһ񿴿Ϊ˭Ĺʹ~
ľҶлӰ칫ң˿е鱨֧ԮȻһߣҲ֪ˡ
ľҲֻҪʵߣľҶ嶼ܵˡ
ɣҪҵ裬Ŀģֹ
Σʹսݣ粻׽ã͵ظɱɣ
~һﰵѸж

ɭУֻҪǵߣԾԶˮľʹĽս򡣵ļһǲġ
ҰսһڻעˮĴӣֻʣһǽˡ
ɱ¾ȴûеõҰޣʹڱıԵ־ϺͿֻԱ߾ɪɪ
ô죬Ұ޿Ѿɥʧˡ־˵ôȥսƻˡ
˭ϵ̿ԾȻ̶ֳȵս̼ҰޡҲ˵ڲǹǸʱҰ޲ܾ찲õĵǵ
ϣҪٳʲô̼ƽǾֻʵҲܲ־ˡ
ľҶĽͷԶȻԶʵܸе΢𶯣ԵͨΪǵˡ
ˮľٺü׼ſȴˡ
Сôˣôʲô
ɣˮľСʵֹʽ˵󹥻ɡ
˲Сȷʵܹµණ
ڰδްæԼռϣˮľ͸¶һЩ뷨ռ޴ĲԱʱ֮ǺͿʼġͨͷӡϣһԶѻϹڲ֮֮е뷨յķӡͨϺ󣬲
޴ǳʼԴ𵽴Զռڵã򿪹УӴЮƿռĲķʽһ˺
磬ͨ󷨽ɢݴķ۳Ħγɵĵ罬̶ȱ֤ɢγɵڶ˺
ƿյĵ̬ɵΪĵɱͬʱҲǳ˵ڻ
ʱռͨͨϣΪ޷ʵֱӿռ䴫֮ǰıһʹãʹ͹˿ռΣԣ¡ڿռ֮ͨж̶̵ʱڣ㱻Ť⽴
͵ӵĲƷѾΪԼһ̰塣
ˮľ뾡ʵѾһѭûǿ壬Ͳܲ޴ĲƽȻģʽûûӸϸ״
ǧϸûϸʵˮľҲֲϣӡǵѪֹʵΪоûȡýչ֮ǰˮľǾԲԼЦȥԵġ
ûҡδ޵ˮľֱӻشֻ͵͵ȥɭֿû뵽裬Ѵһֶβ˻ɲܸСΪչһСŮ鷳š
ô˵ˮľС˺۵α


34 㲻ȥϮ
ΪʲôҪΣյ飿Сʮֲֵĵ˵һβ֮ܵ˶ûȥǷǸʲô
İɡˮľ͵˭ûз֣趼֪ңԶԶҾˡ
̫ӣСҲˡ
ͲҪٿɭ֣ҪǱ־ˡ
²Уǵڶ̿Ի򲹣ô飬ôҲҪȥС
дΣӦýаȥɣ
ţİɡˮľ˵ˣ԰ɣȻܻнǿɾûʱԷˡ
ǲܲãոСӽһ䵥߻ˣȴûԷľᡣȻ֮ȺŹһȡʤȻ޷¶Էŵߺް취
̶ͨʤôѣ
СУԭʵǿԱǿһأǽģ𽥱ֳ˷ͬһĲܣӰ֮ǿ;Ĳʹþ󲿷̶ʮֵּ˺սѾֳǿߵķ緶ҲԼǳѹ
ѿǴҰӣһԭԼмһ˵ĻŮѧУۿγɼҲٮٮ⣬ȫֵһᡣСӣǰǲͽнԼþ޲ѡ
Լ˿дۣȻѧУĻͼҴļֻ£ȣСԽܡ
ȫʵ̫ʧˡһɳƶֹŹֵӲԶϴ
ʲôˣæ䱸
ˣս̫һעȻǱôĵطˡղŻʧһ
ͻȻı˺ʹҰӣҲһæķ򾯽䡣
ǲȥαװĴǹ˵μ棬ҵǴ裬ʵԸˡ
ֻĴֱӿʼջˣڴﲻǿп޵ĳӡ
Ը˵ƭ˵ĻΪ𣿡ȻԷʵ˼ɵǴԲѵĿΪŭ
𣿡ĵĴ費Ϊ⣬ղŵսûᵽԼ𣿻˵ľҶĺƽѾȫ屻ɱĳޣ
ʹ۾ˣô֪ѵ˵ղЩ㲼õģ
รΪǲŹ£ȫ屻ɱָµʵ㻹ԽܣղЦŪڹ֮䣬ʵʧһ̲ͣĴ־ʲôʱɱǸˣ
ǲȵʵ
ǰ˸е̾ǿߣľҶ治ŵҡǳأȻòǲ鲻ࡣ
ɱǲ˭ǵ˵ʲôһԲԵʵ˵ղŷǸֲľɡ
ǣǸŪĶҿ汻һȻ֪˭ҲǸͷ¶β󱲰ˡش
ʲô֮Ĵ˴һ˵ֹܹʵѾ˾Ϊ˵ĻôֲֿܹĹлѾ붼ˣοĴ軹ƺȫˣ·
ŶƺŵӣҲ׼˷ʱˣľҶҲжˡ
ʵһ֪ҾһߵĲпɣҪԼСܡ
˵꣬ſֲɱĻֱϮʱʧȥж
֮ЧԶ̳ɱü˲ʶ־
ڴ軹׼ķӦһʱ˾ȻȻָж
ףô£Ҳһʸе֣ȻʵǿǲȷӦ
ֻϸֳƣſ־ŭ˫ͫԵù쳣
˻ָж˫ֽӡӰΧ˴裬ȻĿӰΧŹ
ܼĹ費Ųæʩչֻͨһ޴ͻȻ֣䵽ϸ˲˺۷ֺβһ˦ӰͻΪ˲ת˲ʧɱھ޴ʵǰȫ𲻵κЧ
ãĿ־Խ̼еĸɫĲӿԭ¶ݸӿɲ˫Ѿֳ״ͫ˫ֵָҲ쳤צ״ǰ㣬ͬҰް˹


35 
Գˣ赹һЩȤ
ɲĲϤ
ѾûжǵѾȫʲôսˡȫͿűܺѪսýߣȭͷҧǶƤľʵ̫ˡ
ŵܶǻָж˷ĹЧǺʹľ޴ֲܹ࣬ˣԼܷȫȡڶԷǷ顣
ʹҲ־ܵġԼϾͿʼжˣѾƣ壬ٴοдۣȻ˵ĹֱӺʹ迪ʼ񶷡
ȻǵߣѾûʲôԵĶ̰ˣŸɵûиκλᡣָĴҰӣʸûУֻͽ͵ӿ｣ĸŶ
ʱˣҲ˷ʱˣĿǰˮ׼ѾˣǱߵˣҲԽԽõĸоٴνĻᣬߵͷסˣ¶ϵķӡ
ȻǸβû뵽Ȼţͷӻô档
ŴĬ˲ϡ
зӡ~
Ŵķӡãԭϱ۵ȥľβҲɢ
״æҪԮȴǱӰִš
̫ļģϾͻзǳʺ͸㣬Ȼᵽʲô˵ŵĴͻȻ쳤ſҧסļ
ܵľʹϮĲҽܣոս˻Ե˰ٺõСӣֻпԴް취Լʵעⶼǿ
һж䶨ʹùڵϣвѣһᣬ̵ʹĥ˹ȥ
лҵɣһеʵңһ㸴˵ûʧֻĴҰӣ²֪˺ǲ

ϴ춹ǵɭֵĴУŲϵӡԴĸ֪ڷ˴ӰԭΪôȥˣԼʵӦܹʹԼʹͬھû뵽ֻԴһԸ뷨ĸоͶǰޱ仯
ŶԷмһ˵ͬűһҪ̿𣿡ϴ춹һЦ
ľҶУֱ죬ûκ֪ͨˮľšʵˮľԼˣϾ˺ţ󲡳ľҶĵҪˮľȥȻˣˮľҲֵС
εĲɹĿռ䴩ṩ˲ݣǿУôȶȫĴͻ鷳£ܲԺһζҪģʽɣҲû˵֮֮жô鷳ʲô𣿡
ˮľĿռӦôѲŶԣˮľĿռ䶨λͲ˵ˣƿռѾ󵽲˼ˣռеΣ쳣ִֵĸ߼Ͳˣĳʵֿռתеͼټ
˲һ߼ˣĿռ䴫ЧԭͷβȻҲƵĿռЧͬ㲻ԭǱȽϳĴпռԵˣ˵ǲǿռˮľ㲻
߰絽ô°ҪɣƫִԵĹô죿
Ӱϣ׷Ҳɫ۲ҹĻеľҶ塣
ľҶɨذҲˣʲôţ񶼸ӴˡҲͷ۵Ѷһ̿Կ˰縺֮εҲҲԴӵδеǡ
ɭֵɰڵĿĵأҲÿɺ־һ
оյĹˣӦò˰ɡ־µ˵
˭֪᲻սҪҰ޼ѪҶ֪ᷢʲôˡشô죬Ӧúܳʱ䶼ˣһʱ仺һ£Ұ侲Ӧò󡣡
ɰվˣĿɾûôˣףʵõŶΣյľӹһ٣ǹһ˵ΣյɭûС
ų˵ĸ֪ҵѾڷµĶʱֻʣһǿŶѡ̿Եϣ׶ϾˡǿоϵŮԥˮľĽ飬еĵ֮ᡣ


36 ȫ
ȣҰӣĴҲòȥûǲˣҰӣʵϵĲͱ¶ˡΣķɭУĿǰҲһˡ
˵ĶѣСӣҲû߶Զͽһ޴˰ٽȥȻ沼һЩ򵥵ԼﲼոѧûãĲǺǿõĽԴõ޷ҵԼ˵١
ϣǿѹһʵ̫ΪˡҰӣһѹԤʱǸ˵ĻٴθͷͷԼ˺ȡ
ڴҰӣõĽЧʱԶڼϢˮľϾ֪ˡ
ӵ֪ʶȨĲƷǷ㣬ºš
ҰӣʹõĽˮľµģԭҲûʲô̶ָ̼ʱڣŪȷʵףԼ򻯺İ汾˵ˣӡʵǿ߿𲽻۵ľѧ⣬ֻоѧʡû뵽Ұӣôˣƽ֮ľҶʮ̵ţºиָҪûй̺ʣҲᱻΪˡ
Ұӣֽ磬ˮľݲӡģԭڴͽУ̶տĲάֻһּСĵļˮľϵŻͼ򻯣ټڱЧһּѧؽ硣ټϻɢһˮľ˲Ż֪ļֻܲҪƵĽ类ǷǳǳԶľ룬ˮľԭĲռϾͻᱻ֪ˡ
ԭһ壬˵ջˣȵڶͿԹȥչʵ
ˮľΪԼȼ֮մմϲʱȴ֪ԼһСȴ˸ıʡ
ΪСӣʹؽ磬ٳҲ飬ڴɱòľҶߴϢŵĵù¹Сˡ
鷳¹ɫϾŶĵˣ˼ŶԲߡʵ·磬ҶԷ鱨ǳ٣ֻ֪Ϊ׵ļһ׾ٵľʹ˲μӹĴ̿Եҩʦ
ľҶΪУǲ䡣˹Ҫ
¹ȻΪǲԼˣֻϵù֪϶ͽˣܱǸҲ
ǾǣҲǵŶȡءһ߳ʳһ˵Ŵʵ
ǲ׼ˡƢͲͷˣ˵ҪǷϻǴڵ鱨ˡ
಻εˣ˵ĻҲ޼ˡ׼˶˹軹ûжͷֶˡ
Σ֡¹ΪǿӰģסһ
ռֵ¹軹ûӦ˾ͺԥľ˫֣նղž޴ֱӽ˴ɡ
ɶ񣬶ʵ̫ˡ¹ʱͷ۲ѣҪɱҪԼ;ҰϡսֵķչҪΨһͷԵԼˡ
ҰסǸģĹ̫ˣҺͶȽǸġ
䣬öϮ¹裬Ƶ¹費òвøϽܡ
ǲǰҸˣ˱СҿǺܲİһֱӵĽҲչԼʵ
˵Ů鷳ˡ¹޿κε˵Ĺʵ̫ˣӴ֪عӵˡ
ҰȿǸŮߣû֯¹費òþҰĻĿ꣬ΣסǸ죬ȥһ˽ãҰСġڲս¹ͻȻֶ˹ֱӳҰ
Ȼ֪ʲô˱ҲǱȽϼֵˣȰһȭֱӽɽоҰɣֱ˺˾ҰࡣֻɽоҰһѪȻˤڵء
ûʣ˷ӦĻã¹һ㱣նղͼϮ˻ڵأɥʧս
ȫʵ̫ٺõսҲֲôɶ񡣡ֱʱ¹ףɸΪ֮Σͷٺã˸ϻͰſ£˵ʲôˡ
¹ȫΣʱ̣ԶĵطͻȻðɢһаĲԸоепᡣ
˹⼸ϲԸ˵Ĳ֪ˣҪɱ𣿻ȥ𴦿аĲķ
ɱǰɣǲҪ֮᣿˾Ҫ׼ˡ
ˣˡ˹ֹǵɱǲֻ̿޹ؽҪ飬ɱ̫಻״ľҶ
ңáת뿪Ÿոո֪ķȥ


37 ϯ
ҰӣݾɢŹڸղţ۵ĴҹСӣһߵϢѡԭΪֵСӣȴȵķ־ȻȻ˯ǲ˶ҧ˵ĲλһƬƬ״ķĽȫӣ¶ӿֳۿɼϺɫ˲ϢԽԽŨ
Сӣûע䣬ܵķӡĬĬĿʼãԽԽŨǲĲıš
ģĸЧ˲ϾԴҰӣʵܹóܹʹõĽѾǼΪѵˣӡʵֲ̫ĲԶԶ˷ӡյٶȣһЩͳŷӡ󲻿ظʱ̣й¶⣬Ա˷Ҳǳˡ
ڶľҶȮڣŮ־˺СľͳˣȻ˳ľ͵ɭ롣СȫǿͣͬʱսҲԶսĶ飬ľͼ˾ᣬȻĿĵҲˣбǸɰСӣʱҪսľĺͿֲļһһһˡ
һӵа۵СӾؿָ̣ʹȫǿߣɭǿĶˣû֮һֻҪԸ⣬ֿѹеĶ飬ĿǰļҩʦڡҪʵǿβмܵļһᣬǼԽһĿϳ
ǰ·ϣͻȻǿսҲߵģ˼ӿٶȣǸеʱսͽˣ˱˵¹ˣҲˡ
¹ѹﾭӪľҶҩ¹裬óҩԼͶΡҰʹãжƤ״ãָûһóʳԸԳ¹ҲպϣŻ龢˲˺صǾҰ˵ûʲôؼܵ˳ƺܳһʱ䶼ҪӰսˣõľһ㲻ҪҰֱһսɽмľܵӰ첻
˻Ϣʱȴ˵ĵ
컹ǲˡ¹費ԼĻɣеĻǾͽɡ
κɽоҰҲֻõͷҲû취飬ʵֻ׸
Ǽղ˭ںսվϾӸµʵ
̵ˡ¹ͷãɾһҲĬΪ¹Ķӳ
ĸȥˣ
ߡ¹ָ˸
ߡ˵
ǵľ𣿡Ļһ
߽ʵ᲻Ȥ֮ΣˣοͬߣԺ̧ͷġνŶ˵ǼҪ˾͸˵ģʵڲо͸Ͻ˳ɣǿȥӶġ
˵ξʹˣ±ױӶһ¹
һ߳ʳһ߲ˬ˵¹裬Ȼ˵ʵΪʲôô죿
ΪƲȻΪϽϯԴʵҲ˵ôǻлġ
˰ɣҶ˵ط˴˵ǵºأȻôĵطǶˡ
ˣԹˡ˹˵˭֪ȻܼСͽߣ˵ֱǲ˼飬ûעⲻ֡ҪԼƺʲô״벻ȻͲ
Ͻɣȥ˵ܵõ˵Ľ͡Ů߽͵Ȳˡ
ҰӣΪǲǲѣʱӡѾ鲼ȫھ󣬲ĲѾƽϢӡתҲƽ࣬еĲҲ˺ܶ࣬һСӣΪȻɢݣ˼ȫϵûע⵽飬˲֮Ҳûио
һ죬޴ĳһ·ѹ飬ȻײĽϣԭһĵطͻȻŽתӫ⡣
ˡ˵СҲزסˣԹԳɡ
ţһնղֻѳܲסĽȻ¶ĴҰӣͻûѵ˺
̣Ұӣʱ飬Լ֪սʵȫԵסǣͿǸղŴǿ֪Լ޻ᣬ˿ˡ
Щʱǲӱܵİ
ԺͷҰӣòǰоԼսսʿһЩҪһβõ


38 
սʱ򲻽ʵ⣬ʱҪ
Ұӣһһֱǿеʱ򣬾ϵǶԶҲ޷ġһҪͬ顢ҪѵְҵǻụΪ߹ġǵһֻ߽пˣܳΪ˵ʱΪһߣѾʧһ롣
Ƣ˵һֶ֣ŮԼƵӳ｣˫־նղһһķȥòʵǿĴҰӣȴǲ˼Ժ֮ľ˵Ĺ޴иӼ˵ķŭ꾭ĲңʹһֱϰڼֱӵıչԼǿһΪȡԼ𾴵Ĵ裬ҲΪڻӵ̴屣ԼڳΪ۸Ķʱ䳤֮󣬾ͱģˡ
ҰӣΪоǳĲм볰ЦܻתĲۼ˫֮ȫȥ
նռ
޴ıըӿǰһƬس״ݻΪƽءǸŮԼĹ˺ƬԼЧ˲ɵЦ
ʱȴĿȥСӣȴٴվ
ôܣȫϳ˾ȵ޷ܡ
Ҳһ˫ͻȻ˵ĸ첲Ųӿ룬ǰĻ飬¶ΧһƬǽĵ档
ѹˣ˹ڡ
ô£˴ѵ˵ղŵһжǻ𣿡
һԵĽ˵ԭΪֻƢãû뵽ӻʹô򵥾˻Լڵľƣ߾ˣ۵ĹǺôѡеģ
ֻΪʱϵһˣûһŶӾ񣬽ͺԥĽĲŽ¶˳
˵ʲôŮˣߵʾ˵ķŭԼΪԺһ㣬Ƿ˶ԼΣڰѴ赱Уķ̾ǲˡΪ
Ƕ˵䡱ǿŶӳһְĶ˹ֹ˵Ļ𲢣ôҲܣɱǲǰûǽ˽ϡ
ʱìܣ׼ȶԸԼʱСӣ͸оʮֲˣԭŶʩչǿһʱ䣬ʵϵ£޷ˡ
ڲԶĹսκСˣڻʱѾжҰӣȥѪԾԾԾҪȥӢ۾
Ҫ嶯Сס˾ҪȥæС
ôˣΣٲȥСӣΣˡ
ʱãǸŮʱûˡ˵⻰ѾðۿǲĶǸͷǲˣĿǰҪǰæˡ
Ǹ˲Ĳô£ܾ̫䣬е㲻̫Ծ
޷ʱ䣿Ұӣ˫ֳֿޣϾŶĽȴֱֶƹԼԼ
ѵ˵ˣ
оԵĴҰӣתȥȴϲķǲѾ˹
ϲСӣǰԼĸоྶͥȻǰɢĲϢôʲôö
ڴҰӣĲ˾뾪ˡӡֶǲİģϵĶһͲˮľƷɫ֮ںͻҹϵĸ߼ҲѷɫֻдĸܻõĶͣôǵɱĿϳֶ
ֻһܣǾǴгˣҸǲӡԼ˵ݺͶλ
Ҽȥ˶Լδڿǲʱ̾²ˡеԽܵľˣڱ𾴵ĴѡĸԺˣǾԲԼֻǴ»ĵʯԽʯп޵ӵβᱻܵġ
ɵúãСӣͽҰɡ±ӿֳͷԣǿһǵײϣĿǰȻŶԴӣͬһ˿ǣ
Ȼеѣڴһе轻񡣶ΨһŮ߽׼ϢĹ㲻ʵд֪ȾĶǰһСЦ
ֻǲһپͶϮĸ룬Ȼ˸һת۾ͳڽߣһȭͽõײϻԲѡ


39 
ٶߵǲ˲ͻŮ߽Ȼû֮｣ٴ˷˽ٶȿ쵽˶ܣֻնղԹͼɢ棬Ȼ漴¶｣ţûȾֵ˷ӦѾٴνӽΪΪҪֶε˵ǲսʵļ尾һ˲ͱץס˫ַƷڵء
ս֮죬˵ϡᵽǿĿеЦп̬޲ƽʱģӡҲڲԾļص
ѱɵĶ˹ҲǿƵǰѡչĲ׳Ķ˹˫˵˺ͻԲѵĽ뿪ˡ
ǲȻǿҲߣɱĻ¹˭ֻδ֪ĻǾһµʱˡ
˵˭ǿǿһ˿дĻǾͷΪӳĶ˹ĪˣԭеĶ˹ֹ˶һЩɱ¾Ϊ˾ȳѣϧġ̿У顣˵̵У˹һ˵ļһˡɱ¾ӱı̬УѾǼΪѵˡ
Ψһö˹ͻǾĴȻԼǲĥʯΪӵһϣ̿Ļǲ֤Լļֵ
ʱҪȥ֤һЩ飬Ȼһսɡ
̵ߣҰӣҲһҪΪһжĻǾ͸˵̫ˡ
ӡʱӰǲʴɲ˵Цģȫͬƽʱ̬޲ðܹһίȫйǿҲš
ͷ¶βļһеͳɡԸ֪صĲ֮ԥķ
Ȼ֣ΡСͲ
ԭǼ~Բ֮ǰСú޻֮һֱڻ˷
ǲսģֻǿСӣ۸Բ
ûСѻ˵꣬ͱͻȻһȭŴڵء
ֿɱȿ֮ǰˡ
ͻȻʵǵСȫƲ㣬òƶԷȫû飬¾ͽСˡ
Ķת۾ͱ°ܽļ͵Ҳ̲סˣһα
˵ȥĵһһųʲôľҶǿ̣ı°~
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˵ΪʲôϲԼĵλƽתڳȭı׼ƣӿֵĲͽΧռȭһ֪ôĵε塣
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41 
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ǰѧ֮ǰһֱڽ̺ѧҶΪѪҺ壬ȻˣǰǧҲû굽ʲôѪҺȥصɴ̽Ƿ⣬ֵȶˡ


42 ѪΪ
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ѧУѧУʦ´Ҫలһѵγ̡Ϊ죬㣬ľҶϣˡ


45 
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ûпյһ
춼ûôˣпգһȥɡ
ôȣӦûȥ˵ġˮľ̫ȥ㿴ҲûãҪڼ
ٲȥĻҪˣҪȥ
ðɺðɣȥСԼˮ˫ۣջˮľˡ
֪ǲǴԴӲ֮˻СԼˡ
ˮľڰ̾δ޲ǰһ˳С˵еĻͲҪеԱˣͿչ˹ˡ
⻰ˮľ֪ԼҪڻϰĵ·ԽԽԶˣˮľͻȻһ
СǿһʱҪʵġ
ѵֲðײáˮľΪԼĻմմϲ
ȻвٶԸʱţ·ϵҲδ٣̿ڼ䣬˿ԽԽ࣬ŵ̿һٰ֮Ϣ󣬶ԴȤ˾ͲϵӿľҶʹľҶͷԵ÷ǿֵѲߵߡ
һʻ֮УԵòôȡ
ˮľ֮⣬ƺĺãСææ⣬ˮľҲʱȥæ֡æµСʱźˮЦݵӡ
СҪɣƽ򵥣ͨͨĻ꣬һڣΪƱ
ǸƵս붯˺磬ԺƽľҶ壬󲿷Ҳ˶ԺƽҲͿΪʲôô˺βѰƽķǾˮλһٺƽϧ
ʵ˵ԴӴԽ󣬳ϵĲЭܵһСͻȻһİĻһҪǰµĴӣеĲһжƽˮľ˼ϸԼһСΪԼദãһֱչԼСԼϵŦԼϷ˼ľصʵ
СҲֵôҲǸǿŮӣҲǷԼ̬ϵ⣬ŷԼɡ
ǰһÿκСͬһµʱرƽֻʱܷһйǣûзյʱ⡣
ʱˮľҲ룬ЩԤļһﵽôĶȹÿһģˮľԼ֪δϢʵ״ˣʵͣҲСгɼһͨ߶ȹһԡ
ʱԴ֪̫ˡ
һֱˮľһæµصңҲûʲôԼѯϵ飬ȻˮľҲˣ԰ĵĴԼˡ
ڶһ磬ˮľͱһѡˮľֻȥš
ǸСҪ̫𣿡ˮľšһȴľŴҰӣվ⡣
ӴϺáкһߵСӣҲòľϹǸ
ôˣˮľŹǷ˵һΪϢأɡ
ˣҰ˴ߣҪһҪߵӣóһݸˮľҪĶ˽СӣҾˡ
ôˬ죿ǾͶлˡˮľҲ¡
Сӣͽˡ˵һ˲ˡ
ôˮľ˿ĶСӣ˵ȽɣȻС˲ͳԡ
ÿˣˮľʦСӣ˵Ҳ˵ΪĻðɡ
ϰɣҸطһҴ


46 ʱ
ģڵѪѹ˶гһϰߡˮľҲ֮һæ糿һ㶼ó
첻ʱ򣬼һˣȻ꼶СҲŮӰһʲôɫ¼ǿɾͽͲˡ
Ҵϴϵˮľ΢һ£׼ӽ쿪ʼΪһµĵʦˡ
СӣԼһ裬Ȼſʼġ
ˮľȿǻʵȻǿУҺôҶˣҾͻᾡܽһЩ֪ĿʲôֻΪ˶ԸǸ̶֣Ϊʵʵֻһµʱ䣬Ҳѧ˶ٶö룬úûش𡣡
ʲô𣿡Сӣʵ
Ӯһض˺ʹù˲һĶֵȷǿ󣬵ӵسҲζһԣἫΪʵʵڵʵߣȫһˣúѡһ֡ˮľĵĽ͵
ˮľĻСӣƺЩˣͷʼ˼
СӣˣˮľҲĵͷ
ȻǴĺӣȷʵɡ
ˮľĵСӣĴ𰸣һߺŲ裬һ߳Сӣĸ㡣
ʱСӣ̧ͷ˵ұǿķˮľʦ~
ȿȡһʦŵˮľ㽫һڲ³ҪʦԺиʺϵʦֻ˿ô㶫ˡ
ôҵ֮ǲġСӣ˵ǰһˮľʦɡ
ԡˮľͷͬˣôѧʲô
Ҳ֪ѧʲôСӣε˵ϴˮľʦ̸ҵЩоѧȽϵӦ֣֪ѧǸô
СӣĻˮľ̸һɡ
츳ĴϻۺӣȻΪûָԼȱ㶼㲻ľҶȷʵȽصƲӵľˡ̶ڣмûߵߣҪˮľСӣֻΣҲԼ鱨֪һֱҪȵڻشҲ̵ˡ
ˮľ׼СӣһЩ˵ʱͻȻˡ
ףпˣŽС˴Ұӣ
ãǣҰӣæ
Ҹ˵Сˮľܣҵδޡ
ˮľʦδޣʵðˡ
ûϵˮľѧ
ľѧֻʱΪָһ»ᾭˡˮľ͵
ѵ˵Ǹ~Сʵ
ûǸʱˮľ϶˵
ˮľʦ㿪ģҰӣӪҵûõµ̡
ûоô
;ҰҵĲࡣСӣ˵û뵽Ұ»Ȼʦ~
ҺСһ𿪵ģһء
~Сӣſڹҵƣļꣿܾеְ
ô᣿ҿ˺þáˮľ˵ʻˮľͲļʻ֮Ǿôһִֵ֡һ棬ɽмҵɽлꡣȻټͣǸоɣ
СӣһɻĹ۲ƣһЩֵ·ȥȻƯǺеⰡһĲ~
˵ˣȻ飬Сˮľһı顣
ûˮľЩֽţôˣһЩǿ߹˵̣ûһ˷ֵ⣬Ȼһ̸ˡ
ƿ˵ˮľ⼸ĳɹ֮һˣɶûжãƵĲϾرһΪϣֹһƫͿʵһȡԵĻΪȥ󲿷ֻԵپ߿ͲֵķӡͻƣԲƵĵ¼΢ļ־һԴƣûʲôرãһʾÿƵ˲꿴
鷳һǼϵ͵־ļΪҵʵĸ壬ˮľѡ˵¡Ϊһϸ๲ļ״ʹиԣĿǰˮľûҵȵָʺϵˡ
ȻṩĿǰ˵΢ǸˮľһĿռ䣬ͨӡ˼άͳǿеģ˵ϿĴڣһܶĶֻҪﵽˣͶǿʵֵĶ
ѹִ㲻ʬת¾ϵȴûз֪ƫתֽٻһٶͬһ˷ʹáӰӵм䴫Ҳ˵ͨͨαԼʶΪͬһҲ˳µˡ


47 
̽粻ǰϵܲɷ֡̽УӵвֹΪ־죬ҲܴĪ̶ֳϰѵһˡ򶼲̫ȹ̵絮βฺ־ļ廹治ֵ顣
ٹעſǿƵˮľСӣ߽
һʱ㽫﹤

ԣѧϰ~ˮľԼһͣ˵©졣
Сӣͷû˵ʲô
оʲôͬ𣿡ˮľʵ
Ҫ˵ͬƺﰲЩСӣ˿ǴȴС
ˮľͷע͸֪ܸĲйϵǼкôһس
ûн͸࣬ˮľСӣ̨棬һصĺܾµС¶ǰˮľָ͸־˵кɫǩĲҪɫڳܿ㿴ʱ䣬ܿٶС˵ˮľóһСӵݸСӣһĶձ͸ּ¼Ķ󲿷־֤Ҳܱ֤ȷвԲĶҸʵʱ䡣
ˮľôСһЩѧ㣬ôѧ
ⲻǿôİɡˮľ˵ѧҪʦ̫ࡣ
ҾˣȵͷСҪȥˡ
ţ˸Сӣһݡ
ʱƣ߷󣬵ҲˣˮľƳһͷɵСӣרע̬ȣѧϰš
ʱ䣬ˮľҲó˿Լı꣬Ҳľ崫еȮͨԼ
Ϊ̵СӣĴۣˮľ˻۲һͨԼᵽʲôġ
žķƤˮľ΢΢ɢŲֵ֪ܳ⡣
ֽͨţƺĳƤ
̯ľᣬ¶һָӡһľľԽϿһ󲿷ֶľˣ̯ĩˣһͨչǰ
ͨԼоãˮľҲûзʲôرĵط
˵߼崫еͨȷʵȴ·߼ˡ
ĸַĴŻЧռ֪ϵķʽɿĶ࣬Ӧģʹ߲ҲΪϸ񣬲ͬĲʽܶӦĶǲͬĸ塣ˮľȻûзʲôмֵĶ
ѵûκԼܹƽԲṩͨٻģȻЩ࣬ǿԵ˵ֱǻݻĵ䷶ԼˡΧװԵĻҲûзκ塣ٳ治Ķѵ˵ֻԼˣ
ĵˮľһ˼һžı档ͻȻˮľһžϸоһ¡
ʲô
ƺЩ·ˮľæϸ۲ָĦһЩԭɫһģһĺۼˡ
ȻԭϱԴȻӡģѹֲַˣ״òЩϤ
һᣬˮľеĶ߳ţļƣԼʱһһΡ
ԭֲáеüĿˮľȻ
ת߽ˮľٴᣬ룬ȻƸġȻڼȷû©Ϣ
ȻˣǷȴ˴һ
ͨԼоȻڲźˮľоľۼʶĹܼΪƵķġ仰˵Լͨʱʱ̿ռԼ˼ά˵˵ûʲôΣġһ˼һֱ᲻ϵɢһЩϢЩʹûκδҲὥɢڿС̫ȣòãôãͨƺռЩûʲôôĶһ˿ǱռҪõķϡ
ͼôͿ϶һܹΪķһͨ޵ģҪôǿľҶ־֯ƿأҪôǸ߼崫мؼǿһʱ˾˵ǿߡ
ͷǵˮľͣˮԹдԼĶȴƫƫҪЩʱҪúоһⷽ浽ʲôıˡ
ˮľʦͻȻϵݹһˮ
Сӣллˮľӹһںȵʱþˡ
ÿû뵽ƽʱʦӡСӣЦ˵
รΪʦӦʲô³У
ŲǣֻǾˮľʦѧʶˡСӣϽ˵ʦоЩܶҶֻȼţһ붼
ǾǻܿһС룿ˮľοкöˣÿһ˽оĶиɫûǰ֪ʶĻۣ֪ѧʲôͲˡ


48 ѧ೤
ûӦʵ츳Щȷʵֻǻ۳ڵŲȾָ
ˣллˮľʦСӣԼôҲͷˣǰ֪ʶеɥָ
ˮľû̴ҰӣһЩʲô̫鷳֪ʶǿǰ߶ЩԼûо͸Ķһ̫ɬĴۣжĺ˵ںһ֣Լᣬộ
ɸ¥ƽ𣬼ȻҪ޶ȵķӴҰӣѧϰƣôʵĻǾԲȱٵĶĿǰҪǽԼϵСӣпܵĻһɿİҲĿǰԼϻ̫ĿҪоһ˵ľʵޡ
ѹǰĿѧоһСŶΪ˵δ֪ǰ̫СˡѹִҲҩʦŵ֣˲ѵð
СӣϢһɣݽҲǺҪġˮľʱĻİɡ
áСӣҲеˡ
ʵ˵ҲǺΪʲôָʵľҶвٱҸǿߣҲܹһЩʮǿǸ𣿡
ˮľ⣬Сӣε˵ˮľʦ⣬ҲûжʶǿߣɭУˮľʦҵĶ˴æˣҪǶһͨԡҾʦȽʺңһܰæ
รǵҵʱ˵Ļ𣿡
ǵģˮľʦһҲҪΪѵϺȡСӣᶨ˵
šˮľǾýЩ˵ȽϺãʵ˵̵֪ǲǺ£츳س˵иʺʦ㣬ѧҵ֪ʶ󣬻ɢľûϡ
ԼѡҾˮľʦĿǰʺϵʦˡ
ˣôࡣˮľЦ˵ûвԸ˼˵ɵĻɣõ˭ǿ˭
Сӣ˵˭ǿҲ֪ҿ϶ģǿҾӦ֮һɡ
ǺǡСӣĻشˮľ˵һһ˵Ϊ˭츳δǿ
СӣҡҡͷӲˣҾдǿ󡣡
ô˵ɣ׼ȷжʵǿߺҪһܣҪú⡣ˮľСӣһ£Ŀǰ̿߼Ҳ򲻹ɰҰޡ
ô᣿Сӣһ̿Իôǿߣ
㲻õģ˵ڣҪͿģһ֮˵ˡҰǿԭģҲ̸һųָ̂Ծ¾Ͳһˡ
̸츳ʵеʼǵζˣҲ˵˭츳ǣ֪˭츳Ǹ˾Ķ̵֣Ķ˹衣
Ϊ޶ܴĸ죬繤һĴڣɴ˿ɼ츳ǶôĵˣҪȻҲΪӱˡ
Ǿ˵~Сӣʵ
ûʵֻҪȷӦԣӮ˹ѡ˹ߣ鱨㱻֣Ҫ˵̣ʵһ̶Ƕ֡ǼȻǰ֪ˣһʱ׼˹˵öԸһ
ˣôöԸôоǿСӣ˼
˵ȱȶ˹ҪԣֻҪԣʵԶѷĶֶԽŵǵԤѡĻ𣿡
鱨Ӧ𣿡Сӣ˵
ûôڲ¶̫£ǹؼˮľ϶ˣżѧϰɣҪѧĶʵԽǿԽܷõ񼼣ԺǿˣͻᷢⶫһʵŴܽսӵһֲľ~
ǣʦСӣԺⶫãʵôҲȫӲҿܹΪ𣿡
Ŀǰܡˮľһ֮˵
Сӣʧתѧϰȥˡ
˵⣬Сӣ֮ԣƺˮľһЩ顣
ƺԼеøԶˡ
һֱˮľѹ鱨ƣʵֱָԴĲ˷Ѿе㿴һЩҲûŬȥʵֻŲĲٿѵ
ŵˮľ֣תðɫĻ⣬ĻۼɫҲ𽥼ɫת䣬γһİɫ
ôİƷֱܹսģ˻иõȫҩһûСȥµ׼ȴԽߵ̤̤ʵ
̾һˮľһѧϰСӣ
Ȼʹ˶ģջ治٣бʦ˳ϲҰ


49 
ʱ͹ñȽϳˣСӣѧϰˮľʱдһ¹˵Ŀˣһµİ裬Ȼɶ̫ϤǿǿֳЦҲܹˡ
ٽ磬С˼˵ı㵱ΧһСӾ͡
ˮľʦʹǰôʶģСӣƺ˵ĹϵͦȤ
ǴСʶˣ÷һ𳤴ġСǺˬĻشˡ
ôСŮаԣˮľﲻСӣ²ۡ
򵥵ĻشԲСӣ⣬ðСĸ飬ҪҺҲ˳ͺˡ
ѵ֪÷һǵв콵ϵôˮľ̲ס˵Ҫˣ˵ͱĪֵİŮˡ
ʲô콵ϵСӣ󶮡
ˮľСֵϹ˵
ְοСӣ˵˵˵ˣôŬῴġ

Ҵҳ緹СӣѧϰСȴˮľһߣƺлҪ˵
ôˣʲô𣿡ˮľС˵
ЩʵƷ⣿
ʲôˮľһϢ
ǰе仯ˣһΪ󣬽ŷе㲻Ծ
𣿡
ѡ˼ˡ
ˮľתͷСӣ˵е뿪һᣬ鷳Сӣæչһµˡ
õģˮľʦСӣӦ
صңˮľȲĽӹСķᣬһ
Ȼ쳣˻ĺء
ֻˮľȣҩĴ̼ŷķûŵ£ŷȫ󲿷ֵıӦ˻ʧøڸǲŶԡһĿտǣûӦڵ֧ţ컯ıӦʧġ
Ǻԣ⼸ʵЩͷЩ󲿷ֶӦǲĿ¡壬ԭͷĵֻ۵״ѺѾȫˣͷ˫Ҳģɼ˵Щ֮еĻôֳϻήͲ˼ˣͺ츳ϸԶˮľŶԣˮľĿ¡徭͸֧ĺúõģĿ¡֧Ųסˡȫϳ
ѵ˵̫ǿķ͸֧̫ôûӦĻͼ̫߶˵³
룬ˮľóһռӡʱɢĲֳһע뵽һνСȴϻΪصСɲǼ䣬ֻٵӪҺԼΪֲٶɫķת۾Ͳȫһڱν綼޷赲ֺĪɢ
ڴʱľҶҽԺػڣԭƽȰ˯ӡͻȻıԶĲ̼ӡĳƷаӡʹʱ˯еҽϾ;ֵصİ
ô£˱ʣȫ֪ʲôİ޲ߣղŲǺúõôƶ񻯣ӡôͻȻ
ԶľϽһʵղʲô𣿡
ȫûУͻȻͷ
һԸϸ鸽ǲʲô˻ʲô̼ӡ
ǡתɢȥ
ҽԺԶһڣԶԶ۲״׼ǲֵҩʦҽԺͻȻǿ˱ԭļƻҲֻʱϺִˡ
Զ̴֮壬ŴɱӰ׼裬ҲеľҶĶ
ô£ӡѵ˵˭ҵôŲأ̫ὫǲŲصġͷôظҲᶯֽţô˵˿ӡ׼ƽôһ˲뵽ɭֵϮߡ
֪ǲͬһˣû뵽겻ľҶȻǱȤļһ´ȥһҪúüʶһˡ
ˮľڣľսĿµı仯
ˮľ㵽ʲôСȫ㲻״ˡ
Ҳ֪ˮľЦŴ˭뵽һӡĲȻô˵ı仯
ֻĿ¡ٵĳɳܿͻɢѹԽԽǿ֮󣬳ɳ޵忪ʼȶǿĶʼ֣֫ĩۿɼٶȿϻ
Ĳ͸֧ɢλϢԽԽǿ޵Ŀ¡Ҳϻĩ˿ʼ𽥻һƺڻƮ䡣Ҳ΢΢ţֹĺɫյ˫΢΢ƺļһɾþλ˲ʧȥϢҪ˫۱
áˮľǿеĿ־壬ͳޣӻֱӽԷ˫۴Ϲ
һлû˫ѾϹ˵Ŀ¡ʹţƺԽȴһ۶ûݵĲʣӿ˻ӷٶȣ֫ѻĩཥ쵽ϡ
¡Ĳʧͷȴ쳣ĿˮľͿӾֵһĻͷӦʧĵֻλãʲô΢΢𣬽˴Ƥųһѷ죬Ӧòڵ֯Ҫȫϸ³ǰ


50 Ǳ
ֻǶǿŵֻ۵Ľ¶¡ΧɢֶɱϢǲӦóرΪ̽׵࣬Ϊ˵֮飬ֶǲӦõĶ
ҲϲǰľۿҪʰˡѣˮľסǿѹǰ֣ӿԼԻԲʱ仯ⷢӵ£ûκλɣµĸ£۵İɫ˿¡塣
С˺󡣡ˮľŷԸ
ȻԼŬƣǴĹȵȻܹ˵˫ۣ˵塣
ſ¡ٵıΪҽûĵֻ۾Ҳû˳ֵĿܣ¡岻þͻΪһѻҳƮɢ
ֱоϢˮľͣŴֳŵعڵϣֲţʧȥֱ֪۶ˣ˵ˮݡ
һж䶨Сæǰͳҩˮľʹá
С鷳ˡˮľǸ˵һȷʵԼˣ⼸оʲô˳˳ûгʲô¹ʡ
һðʧжҲԼ˸ѡֵ磬һעĻͺʰˡ
֪¡徭ȫҩļܶΣյǴѾ״ֻ̬һֱû岻Ҳû㹻ЩµԼӡĲŽȥ͵ըҩͰһѻ𡣺뾫־ǸͲ赲ӡֺϸѸٵı޽Ƶ͸֧Ĵһ¾Ͳ˲ɹĺҲ¡󱬷ļֻһ˲䣬ȻͻǲƻҲѾˮľˡؿ׼Ŷݼףһ˲ܽģʽǲ߸˵µľǲҪļһȫ͸֧Ǳֵ쾡¡
ԺӡĲܸûĿ¡ʹãһ˲ֲӡעܿͻܵ;ų⣬ΪǿҲ޸֮ľԴ֮ˮܿͻĸɾǶȱ˵ЧȿŶݼˣֲ̫ˡ
˵ôأҪҪȥҽԺСһҩһ۵ʵ
û£һƤˡˮľش
´βҪΣյˡ
İɣ´ˡˮľǸ㵣ˡ
û¾ͺá
û£Ҳû£ûʧյ̫ˡᰲο˵ˮľϾͿʼܻ𳵡
ˮľֱ۰úˮľСһ𽲷ɾĨȥ˴չĺۼʣ¼ˮľ룬ֱӽǷӡٳȥͶҪˣ̫˷ˡ
ҲһЩһԵĴըӸˮʲôģҾͶһ֮˵֮ܣҲ֪ûá
ˮľֱ۰űװڻʱ򣬴Ұӣһ
ˮľʦôģˣ
˵оҪСģȻͻܲ˵ԼӰɣΪʦӻҪŵġ
˵ֱۣˮľҲоһЦǰ̽Ļݺܶ඼ÿ³ʵ̫ˣȻҪԶԶģҪ죬ڲžûһˣٶȱͲ죬˾ѾˣĻȽϴ󡣸Ϊ鷳õĲþͰԼ죬ˮľǵ͵ӡ
Բʱ仯ˮľˣ̬仯ֱҲ̶ã汾޾ԿƵĶ˵̬仯ˣ˵Լʵǲô
·ǺˣֻܹʱʹһĻʱ仯ʵˡҪΪۺˣͷ۰
ʦȻСӣ̾˵ŵݹһǮǸղΪֹǮ
ô࣬鷳ˡ׬ǮˣˮľһЩ
ˮľСӣʱһˣǴ۾Ļݱ١
п𣿡ݱٽʵףˮľҿĵꣿ
ûԭڽѧеĻݱٰҪҪţԣӰ
ǣȻ˲⣬Ҿˡ˵ݱӰת뿪ˡ
Ŀͻݱ뿪ҰӣʵˮľʦǸ˭ѵʲô磿
รǸǻݱ٣ǿָ˵ߡ
ָˣʦУǸӦúɡ
ҲݣҺһһʤϣǣнѧسر̣ǺܳľӢʦ
Ǿ˵Һ˶Ӯ˵ĻҾҪڸ𣿡СӣгĽս⡣


51 
Χɢʮɫ羰ļǻξ֮еˮľĿǰûпעļ䡣
Դӽӡӡ֮󣬺ܾöûεˡҲǰ˯̫죬ҲʲôĴ̼Żٴ
ͬĹ⾰ֻ˲ٵĹ⣬Ҳ˵ӡǱȽȶʱʲôˡ
Ҫ˵ʲô仯ĻҲ൱Ĳ˼飬ӡȻȹ糣Դϴβ֮ӡѹ֮󣬼Ҳûܵӡԭˮľ壬ʧ٣һӡĳоͱӡȻɾˣӡѹեĴаӡѹͲһĻ塣
֣Ϊʲôֳ״
ֵͲĸо̫һԶȲҪȶԼľȥŶС˹עֳ̫״ǽֻаƬ
ֵĶҲʲô֮ĸ߼ˮľ¹ļȻԲͷŵǺǸ𼫴󣬸оӡѹեӡ֮󱻽Ķ
ϸ۲Ƭ̫֮ͻȻⶫеϤ
ⶫСһö״
ˮľ漴˲֮ѹסӡı󣬷аӡס״һĻͷ״ģǱһöڵĹ
ѵɣǿĶɾͶˡ
ֶ̽ʮֳĹ񣬺ʣǲдˣŹ࣬д۾Խǿһдԣд۵Ĺ֡
һ־֮ӡˣȶʱֳ״ö
һֿܴûע⣬ʵܶͨ϶йģҲͨ󡣬ںͳɳڵ϶й͵ϵĹҲԽԽԽԽԣһֱŻ廨ŵò
Ĺʵкܶ࣬ϸ룬Ƭͷβƴȷʵһ̫״һģһ
˵֣̽ƺ֮֡ӡд۳ֻҲֵĺô̽СҲܶ඼ǰ˷顣
һ㵹ǺܷǰһЩѧۣڡӡоͺдһһ︺Ϊ͡
뵽⣬ˮľǲҵдۣһٵ󻹷ǳɺϵĽͲ˼˵ûȫƵдۣͲִ۵ʱķԾ˵֮ǰͬСĻͲ֮廨ţͺ͸˼侭ϢϢˡ
ԵɺʵˮľЦνԢУѲһԱ̽ݡݺݡݣ޺תݣ޺תݣеͺ˵ˡ
ǰˮľĹ۵ĽǶȳԡǶȻ޺ȫ֪ʲôõĶˮľͲ֪δͺԼ껯ΪһĶ˦˦ֻܿԺı仯ˡ

ڶһ磬ˮľͺ׼ʱѹһϵξҲûˮľѹҲʵ¹ʵӰ죬˵ǹɺ˷ĲµϢĴ̼Υ˽⵽Լľ״̬Ҳһ¡
ĿǰҪ飬ǵһʦ
ˮľ꿪Ӫҵ֮ҰӣҲѧϰӴٹĵطʼһ
͵ˮľΪƽһͨĶȹʱٽ磬ľͻȻá
ôˣˮľʵǲоʦôİɣĺôһõġպãҲˣ㡣˵óͨԼᣬ˹ȥ
պҲҪӹ˵
ѵ˵ʲô𣿡
Цû뵽ҩʦϮͼûбóѡ
Ѿôı仯е黹ûдôıһЩ˺£ûиıĵĻʷĹԾǿ󡣡
ϮһԵĴҰӣסˣûʲôɣʦ
İɣСӣû£Ͱĸˮľʦúѧϰɣһܼ֮ˡŶˮľʵǰҲҩʦϮʲô𣿡
ˮľҡҡͷ˵ûУֻǾʵͲһֻ̣ȷǴ£ͼҲ֪Ĳࡣ
˽Ĳ࣬ʵ˾ȣĿ£ˣȻ󻹲֣ɲһ顣
˵רŵֵ߽ҩʦôôڵ飿
֪ĿǰֻǲıѾȥҩʦˡ
˭
˵¹⼲硣


52 нഫ
ôˮľȷʵеЩɻԭо¹⼲ټҩʦȻɰɱģȻ¹⼲罻鲻Ϊսѣпܣˮľϣܹ
ʲô⣿ʵ¹⼲óǱر̣㣬սףҩʦʣ
ˮľͷû˵ûȷе鱨Ҫɳǿƺ̫ܣܲԼտڰ׻˵ɰҪѱɡȻȷʵ鱨ʾһֱľҶ̫жĿǰ˵ɰ̻ϴ蹥ľҶ廹̫ˡ
ʵǰﲻæ¹⼲磬ֻรˡ
һˮľͿ˵ĴҰӣͻȻ廰ʦ˵¹⼲̿ԵǸ٣ҩʦһμӿԵĿɣ
ǰ
ΪʲôľҶߣѧҪϮдӵرҪȥ飿
ˮľСӣ⣬ſ˵ʲô鱨𣿡
εĻӦôûʣһΪ֪СӣеĶǰʵǴ¼ڼ顣ӽҲǲġ
ôһֱٽӴСӣ˵ϮǴξŵòᣬξȻ˵ߵǰȻǰػĵļʵ̫Сӣˡ
Сӣߵô£ѡҪԵ顣ˮľο˵
ʦҲй־Сӣʵ
СӣЩ飬˵̫磬ߵҲǸ֪ˡԼӦþһʦˣǵò֮ٲնͰ׵Ϯ˺ǴΣԶĶ࣬ǵǻشʱˮľʦʵ̿ԵĽ̹¹⼲ɭϲв벨֮񣬰ľҶߵסߵĽʹֻҪ˶ѡ
˵һ̾ʱµսȫҲǼΪҪһ£ѧУǵǱ뷴ȵȼɲֻ㿼õģʵʹñԼġ
ˣڲ˵̵ʱ㲻ǻҪæ𣿡ˮľԽ˵ԽԶڶԿ˵
أҾˡ
ſ뿪ˮľתͷԴҰӣ˵Щ֪̫಻ãǻԵġ
ǣˮľʦ
ѧϰСӣˮľԵϣŮҪ̫ɣţǼͺˡ
ľҶһƽϸߵ̨ϣҲпȤĹ۲־磬ӢʦݱڽʹòļɣĸȴãȪˮ̵ĹǺʪ͸ˣںͻݱٶ졣쿪ʼҲںúù۲һԻˣԻҲʱҲֵ˶ĹЦ
ʱҲȴһӰ˹
ңǱ𣿡
㶼ûкúأֲҲǺҲĲʱˣҲʦĿӰԳնô꣬λʲô𣿡
ȡİȡģʲô£Ҳҿ൱ҡ
ðɣ㡣ҲҲ̹ʵԸͷۣλãĿǰ״㿴ô죬Ҳ˽ġ
ô죿ѵ˭ܵģ
Ҫ˵Щ޹ؽҪ飬ϢҲ֪ˣһһֲĹʧ˵ҵҲˣܽΣϣܽҵλá
ͷӣЦˣҿûȤֺõĻӰ㻹˰ɣ뵱˶ǡ
ҲĻҲź˵֪㵱ҵҪȻ͸ҲôҲΪӵ죬ȨǱȻ飬Ǩˡ
ԳնôӰӵ״Ʋʱ˵棬άӵȨЩ겻֪˶ٴΣеԼģе־Ų֣ԼĬģεϵղǲ壬ֻȽĶѡ
˵Ҹɲ£ǽʺϵɡ
̾һλҪʲôѵʲôõķ
ǰɣεǼһȤļһҲÿɷ񣬿ֵ˵
รǸʲô֮ӵԤԣ
˭֪أǸǾβɣĴĶҲĳأ
ţѾľҶˣ㵱굹ͦġ
ʱ죬Ĵʮ꣬ӶôˡƺʲôҲ˵˰ͷ~


53 
磬ٽ͵ʱ䣬һֿˡ
ˮľһ´ҰӣѧϰȣԼƵĲࡣܹʱᣬСӣһģʶ֮Ӧܹʼѵˡ
ʱĻڼһЩѵɣģ
˵ˮľ֣һŲģȻˮľγɸ״һĶ󣬱ܵĿͻȵȡ
ġ
ƴţָͷγһУָĶš
ġ
ˮľ˫ֺƣȻֿһϸĲ˿ֻ֮߳䣬ϵƮš
似ĿôҰӣĿɿڴҲ̶ֳȣǰһֱԸԼŮʱԼĽֱǸЦ
ʵǶѵ飬ֻҪϰҪѣԺĻһЩЩֻڼпյʱϰˡⲻǻԺͻ֪ˣߵʲô̶ȡ
ûмս󱬷ʱ޷Щֻг񻰵еôģӵĻصһ֮ЩӦ˶ǣҲԼʶ̽ռʲôˡ
ⶼֻǻǸ߼ʲô
õĶ࣬õĺõ١㲻Ҳû޴ĲӻҲ츳ҲûдۣƾĹؼÿһ벻
֪ˣлл㣬ˮľʦ
ͲÿˣҲˣѵȼˡ˵ˮľʾһڵĽʱߴĽŮɽоҰƫƫҪװһмһˡ·ӡ
ǾҰôˣСӣһ۾ͿڵԼľҰҾˣ
ټ
ŴҰӣ뿪ˮľ˵Ľ˵˶ˣʲôأ
ⲻǲѧôֻһƻζһӰ֣δǧ活
ֱӽˣ͵͵ģ֪ʲô
СҲشǰסˮľֱۣȻ׼ؼҡ
ƺϲʦܾöûôˡ
⻰ˮľһ㶣ⲻ˿ĺôڻ
ûôĹ
ɡⲻǳԴװɣˮľҰο㲻Ȼһ޾ϸˡⲻҲʩôȲ˵͸~
˵ˮľӻһۺɫĻ˹ȥСӹЦδЦˣˮľһ
ⲻõ壬¼
ɣǺɫĻҲ࣬д̡ȫ޷ԼһģһĻΪʲôƷֶ᲻һ
ҲϲСЦ˵
ϲͺãϲͺ~ˮľԾĨһ亹
һߣҰӣɽоҰȴճƣԵĲš
ô˵ʲô𣿡Ұӣȿʵ
~ɽоҰֹ˵ڸĻ򹤣ҾǲǾˮľʦҿĵԾ͹
ţллҡСӣЦŴ
㲻ǽ̿Եô˵̶ֵʦԵѵʵôȥ򹤣ѵĴʦ㣿ҰƺЩ߷߲ƽʵ㣬ҲҲö㲻Ųʰɡ
ˣҰСӣ͵ʦûʱ䣬԰ˮľʦָңԼҪģڵæֻ˳
Ǿͺã˶ָʦѵˮľʦǱ~õ̬ԱҿɲҵĿ̫֮ҡ
ˣҰˮľʦҲ֪ʶԨߣ˽̺֮Ĳ࣬ѧʶĲֱ˼飬ѹ̿ԻôѡСӣȫ֪ˮľ֪ʶߣǶô׵һ¡
ҾͷˡҰ˵㲻ҪΪӮһξͱǿˣ´һӮġ
СӣЦ˵һ̫أʤ֮䣬ʦ˵Ҳʵһ֡
㲻ÿζãһһġ
´εĻֻҪұñǿˡһǻ㡣Сӣᶨ˵
Ӳɡ
һĬ
Ǹˮľʦ㻹ðɡҰ̽ʵ
İɣˮľʦȻ˵Ǹء
ԶԣҲ֪ˮľʦǸͿأõ塢Ǿޱ¼ֲȴĺ˵
ôԼʦϵˮľ֪ԼŤԸͱ˽һ


54 δ
ڶһ磬ˮľ꣬źûҰӣæ󣬾Ӱ¥ȥ
̫磬˼æµĹԱ⣬ûпڴ¥档ˮľ칫ҵš

ˮľŽȥȻǰ˵ˣˡ
ˮľͦ硣ͣĻ́ͷ˵
Ҹ࣬ʽʲôԸ
е~̶һ˵ϴβ֮㽻¹⼲ɽҶʹõҩǵ𣿡
ǵġˮľ϶
ѵʲôҲ֪¹ʣ
㲻õģҾǸҩоĽչƵ˵
µĿûʲôչǶҩЧʹ÷ķ֡ҩ¹ʣˮľҲͷˡ
ร˵˵ƺܸȤ
ǡˮľҲ˵һ˵ÿ϶˵Ͼ̫ˣԼûʵ֤Լܵ鷳
ȻҩЧĸûʲôЧǶҩЧĹõǸˡս˵һҩͲƷһֻҪ֤㹻Ĳ˺̫ͨҽ󲿷ֶܿΨһ鷳ǻ͸֧ϸĻԣõ̫СҩЧĸû𽥻ۣĿǰûҵʵİ취
ȷʱڸò𣿡
ǵģһӦǿȷϵġ
ǣɽҶϵҩ˵ʵ飬ƺǳ~
شûʵɣˮľҲûмɻ䣬˵ûʵ飿
ţͻȻɫһѵ˵ʵ飿
ˣΪҰʵʵʹõЧ̫࣬Էֵ⣬ʵҩЧϳϵĺáˮľ͵ΪǲЧʵҩЧҲӡ֤ҵжϡ
룬ƺ¹⼲硢ɽҶˮľҩͬʱĿԺҰʵݶԱȣƺȷʵ̫һ㡣
ҩĲΣ
켫Ϊ鷳ҪĳɱҲ̫࣬ҹֻΪƴĵʹãȻȳҩЧҪöˣǱϾȫžãҲ̫㡣
Ŀǰҩ٣
¹⼲ɽҶϵģֻҺҵδǧ活С
ǧ活Ƿӡģ
ǵġˮľ϶
ˣ͵ȥɣ鲻Ҫ⴫
֪ˣˡ˵ˮľ˳ȥ
ˮľȥˣұĳ룬¶һɫҩǴɽҶջأȻʵʣµġ
վʹһ֣ϣõɣ
ôŵҩŽ̾ߴ
뿪Ӱ칫ҵˮľҲû̫࣬ƸԼϵҪԼϹȫҩ߼˾ǣгǮԼ˵㡣ѧ붼룬ҲûѧĻᣬǴûлݣƽҲ֪ȥˣʱ˭˭~
ˮľһ·ɵԼһȥ˳㻹˼ӵͣ˿˼һһ߳
ſڣȴһˡ
ôˣҪ򻨣ˮľʵ
˲ǱˣɽоҰ
ˮľʦ򹤵ģɽоҰ˵
ҪˡˮľֱӾܾЦһ˾ѾԽˣرŮӣóˡҲҲǿģʲô
ɣˮľʦҿǿҵü춼ûţû˹
˯ͷˣܵ˵ڵˡ
ָСӣɲʱѧģ
㲻żҲҪݽ˵Ҳܶĸԣʲô֪𣬾ҪʦĲأӵܵġ
Ұ㲻Ҫˣ˵æġСӣ˵ĻæԲˮľʦ벻ҪˣҰûжġ
֪ûǮˣһ֮ӭ򹤣ڲС
ֲҪǮֻǹæ
¼áҪǮĲҪײҪ
ˮľʦ͡ҰҪ磬˵ʲô
˵¼ã䲻лʲô
¼ˣþҰ׼õһǻ˵ȫ֮ء
ĥʲôȥɻǲǲˣ
ȥɻҰæĿʼꡣ
æŰɣҳȥתתȻ顣͵Ͻȥһ£Ǳﻵˡ
ˮľ뿪ɽоҰŴҰӣȻһɹơ
Ҿ˵ûİɣ㶨
СӣҡҡͷҲﲻʲôæҾˮľʦҲͦõġ
ҿɲΪ˰㣬̫ңԵҸô
˵ˣˮľʦҪ鹦εģæɡ


55 
Сﻹֻۣǲһʶˡôռ˿ûôסСŮðյıŤϷ룬ԼɲС
ˮľνֻһˣһƿֻھˣһѵҲʡ˲¡ҰӣĳѾˣɽоҰͿԵʲôɻıˡ
æµڣѾˣİԽԽˡʱһ㶼ǴҴææȥıȽ϶࣬ˮľǰһµĻǱȽٵġ
ףǰǲԳɰ˹Ϧպָʦȥ̵̣
ǰǸ̵Ĵӣԣ𵽴˵ľ㡣Ҳģһʲôǲʲô˵飿
ôᣬֻ˹곤һ뺷Ǹߵˡ
û˵Ĳǣиʲôˮľһһеı飬һȥԸͣ
ԣ~ͬ˵
˹̣~
ǣʲô£
Ҹմ˵ľҶˣֻ~
ʲô˵ǲҵ
ƺиأˮľ˵̵ɼõľͺæҪչǲڹ˼ĴҰӣҲаţǰھҵģʦЩ˴ӳɼˣɢҲ˵ĳɼѾˣֻжԱȺԵòˡ
~ô᣿˹εڨЦһ£Ǿ~
ҲǣҪ־ѵأʱ~ϦպҲҪˡ
ûΪܶһᣬû뵽ôˮľź˵
԰ôˣƫҪװµ̬ȣҲҪװ֪ҲǺĺðɣԱͻȻһ޼ɵӻˡ
ͻȻֵˮľһͷһԭ㰡춹٣簡
~춹ˮľЦ˵ϵǰûԭΪֻϷ̣û뵽ӻͦ
ˮľŲ֪Լ֡ǲǺİɣô٬𣿡
ôᣬֻǶԲָʦת˵Ȱˡ
񿨿˵ġϴ춹ӴƵһ˵˵ı治ǰ;ѹϴ˵Ҫתеˣ츳~
ٻ𴩣ˮľҲգⲻΪӵô̿ԣıĻһ׼Ǻõġ
ͰѴҰӣڻһѧϴ춹Ĵ˵ҸմҵĻ˵˲ٳͲָรΪո˵ģأ
ôܣҲݽ~һɵȱˣöԸҲ֪˵ίһ㡣
Ļûʲô¾Ϣ治ϴ춹飬ףƺһϤζ~ǰĺ춹һֻŲӣһֻˮľұӡĵطñš
ǸʲôҺΪѵģĶڴʵ̫ˣҪʲôԴСɾˡҽϳ˲ӣ˵ǲζ
ŶԭѹϤζƷζϴ춹Ȼ˵һûأȥԼҾ
ϴ춹뿪ˮľһ
ȱһѪߣȻԼóӦ࣬仹֪ɫļһ
ˮľֱ۷ӡӡĵط
ڻǱ¶ʱ򣬲ϴαòԼӡĻˣзӡӦⲻϴ춹ӡҲĵڻԾʱ򣬿ʱڲҪӴϴ춹ǲȽϺá
ٽ磬ˮľżݱ㵱ļ꣬λŮһλѧϰһλǮ
緹ʱ䵽ˣϢһɡ
ðһæµʵҲ൱ˡ
ɽоҰƺһЩҪʣˮľʦҼҵĻλò࣬ӪƷҲͬС죬ΪʲôļҼҵҪúܶࣿҲ̫˰ɡ
ҵܣ޿ɷ档ˮľɲԼûˡ
ɶ񡣡Ұʮֲģʵڲܽܣһʻȫ˽УȻҼҼӪĻҪãʻ֮ǲƽ
˵ûʻ֮ǿ϶Ҳվһߵģҵĵúãļ꣬ôӦʲô
СȰʻͻʮ꽻ľҰʵڲκʵʤ۱磬뷴ûе
ԱߵĴҰӣĿˮľǴţҲûнҴֻЦ


56 ֪ʶı
ȵ˳Թ緹һжʰ֮ˮľŽסҰӣʵ϶˰ɣ
Ѿˣˮľʦ̵ҪʽʼˣСӣҲڴѡ
Ǹ~ɽоҰһ̽˵ǲӦûرһ£Ϳ̽ߵܣϾһ¡
ˮľ˾Ұһ˵ãҲ
һ仰ǺľҰƿԣǰҰҲ͵͵һСӣѧϰĶȫһѹһ飬ȫ֪ʲô
ѾˣǴ󲿷ֶСӣ
ڲҪһġˮľ˶ٽʵȣʵǣΪʲô
Ұӣе֣ⲻѧУĻγôôСӣйоصشƿ뾫󣬴ںһʩչĻ
ˮľ˵ͷ˵˵һûѧУ֪ʶǵúֱ׼ʵ˵˱⡣
ô᣿ѵ𣿡
˵ĵҲûֻҲôģһʲôãǸҪĶȴû˵̫⣬Ƕ֪̫ܹٽֲů̫⵽ʲôõԭȴû˵
һѴҰӣĵͷתϸ룬ûʲôͷɵÿ˵Ҳ֪ˮľʦǰû
ԺΪЩ⻹Ҫ롣
ǣʦָ㡣Сӣǫ̡
ʲô⣬Ҳвои˵ҿϵߵʵ
ʵСӣɻʵ˵ǰû˵
ǵģϸ뾫ĽγɵǸ־塣սʵľӳ䡣˵⣬ˮľʵûΪʲôͨ˶붼飿
Ϊв~Сӣʶش
ǵġˮľͷ϶Ϊ˵󲿷˶ʶ̽Ķ
Ϊ˾ռߣԲ֡
ʵҲѹ֣Ҫ֪̽粢ƽѹûж߻ȥⷽģһǣûбҪȥ룬Щˡͱӵд츳˺ҰޣֻҪôԼƣ̡̲ڻ£ߴӰкܴġ
Ҳˣôǿ
Ժ֪ġˮľûֱӻش𣬡˵ǣûбҪŪҽҪ̸ĶҲѧᣬǵس·һֻҪʵ̵Ȼƾʹòʩչ͹ˡ
˵СӣһЩ飺ˮľʦ˼˵ҪǵĽŲͱҪѧϰӸĶ
ǵģûǵƣϲϵĴͷԡҲܽһЩ桢ʺǿʵЩҶᡣˮľֱ˵˵ԣѧҪ㶮Щֻи̵߲Ū׵֪ʶҪѧ~
˵ˮľ֣תһŵɫĹâƣȻǰһӣһĵâɱϢվһԵĴҰӣȲѡ
ˮľҲĵͷԴӲ֮ԭõ㲻öõҽǴнչѾǾͨˣԭͰˮõģڿıӡеôġ
𣿡ˮľһԵĴҰӣ˵̾߸ǻǶԿ˵ʱиõѡ
Сӣʵҽ
ǵģѧʵõʱҽֻˣʵɱˣûмҽ߸ˡ
˵꣬ˮľó˲ľݸҰӣ
ȸ㣬ڼͿϰˡ
Сӣӹ
˳һ䣬Ĳʲô
ˮ
ˮĺôѹֻᱻ̵ֽıҽߡ
ôɣʱ䣬ʲô˵ģ
ˮľʦ⼸ҿĶҴ֪ǷӡһЩ֪ʶЩǰ֪Ķ̫࣬ȰŽܶɬⶼЩʲô
Сӣ⣬ˮľȻǳ׶˵һֽϵĽӡַȽϺʡʮֽӡĴϣʩչǧҸЩģеĹЧ󲿷֤ܽģȻܱ֤ȱǿԸһĻܹšЩĵϣֹܹܸķӡ󷨽磬ȵȡԺ˽Ļߡ


57 츳
Ȼ̫ףһúŬġҰӣᶨ˵ûΪѧϰѶη塣
Ǻ£ʲô׻ңͷЧʲߡˮľԼͳⷽĿһоûǰָСһ£̶ֳʵǲס
֪ˣллʦ
ţͿʼʵΣ컹еʱ䣬ҿ̶֪ȰɡˮľҲʱʲôˣﲼһ磬Ҫ۾þͲ֪ҳеķĵλúͼĽڵ㣬Ȼ󻭳Ҫʱȫҳ

ҹĻѾ٣һѧˮľƣѣоһ˵Ļȹȥһ¶࣬ڸĸоʵǲ̫á
ڻƳϵľҶͷˮľ⼸ǰȽϷС־󣬸̾һ֮Ķɱ¾棬Ա˵
ˮľʲô𣿡һԲеСʵ
ûаôôʣ
ܸоڵʲô飬Ҳ֪ʲô
𣿡һֱԼߵδޣȷʵԼı仯ָư
ʲô飿ǲܶ˵𣿡СίʵΪδޣˮľ˽ȷʵѽܡ
㲻ҪˣֻǶԴӵľе~
ˮľûϸ˵СҲû׷ʣصˮľļУСŴغãȻˮľеߡ
ʲôôأˮľЦʵ
㿴˵С˫ֺ£תȻֱֿͬģֻмĲųֵžĵ𻨡
ǣˮľȵʵѾԵʱ仯
Сҡҡͷϸ
ɻ˼ˮľϸ۲СеĲ仯
Ƿԣŵˮľʱò˼飬ôܣѾԺʱ仯ˣ
Ȼ֪Сʵ൱츳˼ϸ壬ֻƽʱûֳˡû뵽׳١
ôģˮľѾȫ֪Сϵʲôˣ䶼ûгֹʵĲ
㲻˵Ȼ֮׵ԭôǸԶ̾ѻķǳɹô͸ǸࡣС͵
ǸȻǲʱ仯ģ⣬ȫûпɱԡ
ҲֻɷԺԵʱ仯ԭ޷ںϵģ˵ľҵĦ磬Ծ÷ʱ仯ĲȻͲЧ
ҲУڲϸڴ棬СԼǿˡԷˮʱ仯Ħܲܲ~ˮĦߴ嵽׻Ħ绹ǲ飬˵׼ˡ
ˮʱ仯ûɡ
Ŷ̫żˡ
ԲУˮ̬仯Ƚףʱ仯΢򵥣ֱ仯Ѷ൱СķȲЧǱȽġ׵ֽϵĶ
ֻСƣһɫģת˿״һ̲ͣһȥ͸оΣ쳣
ˮľΪ˿ⶫֱӽһö޶˽ȥֻմ򣬿޾ʹӼ˿ٱֱӱһѺɫƮڵء
Ҳ̫˰ɣǿԵĲʱ仯ϣȻôֲ˵ͳˮľԤ
ʲô仯𣿡ˮľʵⶫĴ󲻴ûʲôΣգ
е󣬲֧ţǿƷǳķѾ˸оǰһ⣬Ҳûʲô𡣡
ŶͣɡôΣյ˵˾ֲ̫ˡ
һᣬͣСһӦܰæİɣ
ȻɱǿˡСʣˮľҲǺܸ˵ģҴû˵ԺõĻҪСģװͨԴϵɡһȫµĶ֣ȰŵĿ϶̰Ŀ⡣ˮľǧ活ʵ͵λͳܲ
һѪ档ʱһҪһ£ʱ仯ںϵӰ죬᲻ıѪ޽Ŵȥһǰ˶Աȵ
Сšˮľóһݸδޡ
ʲôСžʵ
һַǳĲϣܰһ·ʵ飬ӦֲֻܷͬʵԿӡǴǲռӡʱĲֲ̫ȶˣˮľһֱϣܹȽϴȻһֱûгɹȻСڲϸڲϱԼǿˣͽ԰ɡ
ǣСʵϴηӡֱǸʱ򱬷Ĳе
ûоˮľ˵Ҵǲռģ
ǲǸŹ£
ԣҲǴıӻᴦġȰʵɣӦܳ׽ϵˡ
谡Сʵ־£ͽԼδƭߵˣһŬɵġ


58 λ
ľҶһСѵУˮľеһϣ±̫˿
ԶһСУһϮµСӣںһСӰսŮ·ܶطѾˮʪӣһɫͷҲˮճڹĶͷǰƮۡ
ʱ˰ɣ
ˮľ˿ɫαĲҲľˡ
Ȼһսͣˮľ˹
оôˮľ۵ڵصĴҰӣʵ
Сӣһˮоеۣԡ
أˮľתͷαʵΣ
Ŀǰǿ֧̼սˡ
һܵʱ䣬̶ֳָܹȲˡ
ˮľʦλ˭˵ʲôͶαĴڷʽеֵĴҰӣ̲סʵ
˵̫磬Ȼǿ˵˵ɡˮľǾԴҰӣ͸¶һ㡣
Ӱ֮һӦá
Ӱ֮õ֣
ǵġ
ǣӰ֮ʱ𣿶ܵĻʧСӣɻʵ
˵Ӱ֮СӣܶΣûܹôʱĵСӣղҲôһδαǶԷȻûӰ֮ʧȻս˺ܾá
Ĺ۲Ѫ֮ǲģӰ
Ѫ֮ôܣ£Сӣȵ˵
һнпһȷʵǷӡԵġΪ˸СӣǿԷӡģʵţҲǿԵģҲû˵ʲôٻ
ǿˮľʦѧĻ𣿡СӣĽ˵
ںѣԺ˵ϾҪѧĶ̫ˡ
ˮľҲ̸ָܽСӣ¶ڸֻ֮ǰʱ䣬Сӣóȫҩǲܵ飬Ҫǰ֪ʶ̫ˣûһ벻š
ˮľڴҰӣĽȻǺģˮС£ˮľʾһͻˣҲչȻշ磬ѾܿɹˣѶȱȽϴҪʱϰˮľṩϰزģֻˡ
һˮľʵǿСӣĻͿԣ̰ãֻˣͬʱҲҪʵսۺʵ
һʱȷʵеţҪķӡֻܽһЩʵõСɣϾ̿Խǰˡ
˵ʵһܵʱ䣬ֵܵزСӣ츳Ѿ˸еˡԼ㹻һ˻òٸɻ̡
ˮľ׼Ϣú׼ʼڿʱһͻȻ֡
ˮľĿĽ~
áˮľα˵ѵͽ㴦ˡ
ȻתͷСӣ˵ɽγ̺һûлؼң컨꼯ϡ
˵겻ȻӦ͸Űȥ
һ·ϷɳۣˮľϽϰĲʵǹʲô
岻Ǻղ¹⼲˱̧˻
¹⼲磿ˮľﲻһ
ûܶһ٣ûе˵оȣ
ˮľ׼ˣĿ˴һ
ֻ¹⼲ȫ·ѪȾ͸ˣȫɫѪ裬˿Ȳ֮ˮľ˵ģö٣ͨ·õĺۼʱսĲҡ
ϵѪѾøɾѪɫƤ¶˳ȫһ˿ŵļˣͷϵĳǳĩһΪĺɫһ붼ǳһ˥ܲϵĻҰɫ
⣬ˮľҲôˡ
˰ɡߵʵʲô𣿡
ˮľҡҡͷ̫ȫҩĺ
͸̶ֳ֧ȣûѾˡˮľź˵
Ҳ֪ź˵Ҿһǰ㱻̧ӡҵ͹ĵ˵ʵ
Աһ˵ˣҲߵ
𣿡̾һ
ˮľתͷһۡ
îϦգǸףǴߣҲ̫ױˣ˵һۣ
¹⼲κܣʵǲ˼飬Ӧ÷˳ϵ鱨󲻵òڡ
¹⼲ʵˮľ׵ģ浥ˮľʤ治󣬽ʦڶеʵ̫ûѹʵǺѱһģܶܲԭ¹⼲һĪ͸ݣˮľûҲû˵Ӧûеġκ鼼ȷʵ˵ã֮һľҶ֮һˮľҩ״ѾΪơټԼƴɱﵣѾùһε¹⼲ӦòİŶԡܹҩʦ±סһѾǲĽˡ


59 
ˮľ˵꣬Ϳһָ¹⼲ͷվ̺ۣɫβ裬ɽоҰĸɽкһ
ôʵ
̫áɽкһҡҡͷ˵ܵ޴ˣѾұ״̬ˣӲҪȡ鱨Ļֻܱ֣ԴԵ˺Թڵֻ·һˡ
ѾˣҪ鱨ͱɱ¹⼲һ˿Ļᡣ
ӰԳնһ
ϴҪʱղѡ~
ɨһΧĵԼϵĿ⣬˵ȫΣˮľ~
Ը~ԼˮľæӦ
ҩԣϤϼȰ࣬ʲôҪֱӷԸҽԺá
ǣˡ
ѡ˱ס¹⼲ϾΪһ翡֪ʲôֵ鱨ɱһͬΥ
߰Ըټӵ̺ر̣Ұ칫ҿ~
ûʲôؼ鱨ǴĿǰ״̬ƻǺԵġΪ̽ռԴİɥʧѹߵȺ֮ĿܾʹˣռݻӰ֮λʮԳնĿǰ֪ҪӦĶԲӦˡ
Ӱ뿪ˮľҲʽӹʱҽһְ
Ŀǰ¹⼲״ʵǼ֣Ѿ֧Ųסˣ̫еʹҽĻֻ͸֧ʣ
СҽʹõƵΣֻȶ񻯵ʱʹãӪҩҪϡˮľԸҽ߽
ǣͣ߾ͼֲסˡ
ҵûоȣô㣬ȲҪˡˮľֵ֫Ҫλƣ֤Ҫٵתˡʲô״Ҹ𡣡
ԥһ£ˮľķԸǱܺõִȥ
ΪһҽߣȻҽõǶҽѧԭһ֪ˮľ˵ǿͲˣ飬չִоˡ
ҪǸֹھͺˡһһҽ˵
ͣķθհĦ¶ȶˮľ˵ִڵȻҲҪԼãҽƲֻܲһˡ
̵ĳߣȷʵľҶ˺̫ˣ˵ģһҽˮ׼ֱ½һءҽ߳ȻϡɫټҽԺû˻ᣬʵ̫˼ˡ
һֱæµҹˮľ뿪ҽԺڿһ˵ĴϣˮľеһԼǻ
ּǿ˰
ԶԶģӰ칫ҵĵƹ⻹š룬ˮľǸȥ
Ӱ칫ǰˮľš
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ңˮľǰ档
ɡ
Žȥˮľȵķ֣ŲؾȻҲڡ
ôˣʲô𣿡
¹⼲顣ˮľĿǰѾưˣʱΣյʱ̣ǣľʵûа취ˡ飬ѾܽģѾҽܹˡ
һԵŲˣڵ˵ˣӦþ罫鱨Ū֣źôݲáҪ²֣~
ûлش𣬶ǶˮľԸȥɣ鲻Ҫ⴫
סˮľֲɵŲὫҪϢĴ
ƣˮľصҵʱ򣬷δСȻڡ
ôˣôˡˮľʱе֪ڼҵԼˡ
ûϵͷˡ
ֲˣֻȥæô£ˮľЦ˵
šСǵ˵ǲҪսˣܾղ̫áʱڣӴ߱أÿ˶ڸ߸ɵתʱ˵ϢҲǣսԶˡ
ʱһ̽սһ˵Ƕβ׵ĹȥѾǳѾòԸ£ˮľս¶˵սĿĵġ
ܵСеĲˮľδӵ뻳Уο˵ûµģһᱣġ
ûзδ⣬شϻ۵СҲԼ˼ˡˮľô̬ڼС֪һ㣬׼ҲãڲһºϮܵ˺

ڶһ磬ˮľǿ˯⣬ľˡҰӣأԼҲˣƻ˵밡
˯ˮľţȴſվһˡ
㣿ʲô𣿡˾ȻîϦա
лġîϦչ˵һ񣬼չˣһθȫ㱣סһ
̫ˣ֮ʹȻ㲻ʲôݡһܻܲ˵׼ǰŲصһؾͲùͬ⣬ŲҲпܻ˽֣ڶʱָʶĻܾΣˡ
¹⼲ûսΪԼԵʣӵͬɱǲǸпɡο鱮ϣҪһ𣿡


60 е
̽ģǰộҲֲձϸߵĹϵȷʵˬ쳣ֻҪ̫±ɹߵʣҲôѰ
һƬ޴£ˮľСӣϯضһ߳һϢһʵսѵϾѵõʦʴʱˡ
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ԴҰӣĿ˵ʩչӦúˮľû̫ĲŶԣʵϣߵɱȫһΣϵĲ죬»иεԭ
۲ܺáˮľǶСӣĽչ⣬еԭʵȽϸӣܵ˵ӦúͲйϵ
ԣָԣ
ǵģϸ˵Ӧ÷Ϊ֣ˮľжѾˣûע⵽вԲ֣ܰ
ôһ˵ĻȷʵˡСӣ˵ҰСӣ˵ļƺȫжءǵʲô
Ǹӵ¹Ҳ൱Ȼǵļ𼫴󣬵ܵ˵ԷΪ࣬Ժԡ
ԺԣǰûֲСӣɻѡ
ǵģǵùڵĴ˵˷У
ˣǲѵ˵ϹŴ˵ģ̽Ĺ£Ҷųģһ˵һпܶģǳԲС
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ࣿѵ˵ˮľʦʲô𣿡
ҲʲôɣЩڵСӣ˵̫磬ֻЩʵҲʲôܣֻûˣͱ˵ԺԲһɾ͵Ķ崫е粻̫ˡ
˵ôʵСӣҲһЩ²ˣѵ˵ҲԵ
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СӣܿͷеĹɣѵ˵ԶӦǾ𣿡
ܽĲûʲôˮľͷ϶ﲻɷָ档ȡ;񣬱̺˼ƫ⣬һ㶼ӵԡҵĲΪĳЩԭ򣬵ҵʧˣѹԣʹҽЧǿȫӡһֱڶӰˮľˮľакޣȻԼʱӰ֮£ҲһԼ̽Ӹ߼Ļᡣ
ˮľ˵ǳֱףСӣ̲⣬ܲҲʦһԵı仯أ
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Ϊ˼ǿҽͷԣʵ̫ˡҪпܣˮľ뾡콫ԼԸƽ
ˮľĻСӣҲʧѡ
״ˮľ˵ҽʵҪһ֣˵ʵҲֻܽ㵽ˣԺӦҸõҽϵͳѧϰһ£ϾⷽҲ̫С
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ѧϰصתӡ磬֮ҽ̵һЩʵȣ
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вܡʵǲοɰǧǸдϵķӡǧּ֫ãԳڵĲƣһѹƼֱ׾١
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ܹͼӰʵ̿ǰѧʺϲˡ
ʵսΣ͵ɣѧ콻ķӡ󣬲źýһһ£Ͳˡ¹⼲绹δҽԺȻԼʵѾﲻʲôæˣпܵĻȥһȽϺá


61 
ˮľ¹⼲粡ʱΧľ䲢ûйЩ¶ƵߣһǱȽϤġ
æµҽߣ֪¹⼲̫ˡ
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ҽԺĳϣȴʱˮľֹסĴ˯ǰ˯طû뵽ֵˮľʹˡ˵ӵѾ˺ü˰ɣѹҽԺǰˡ
ڻ˯ʱˮľͻȻһ̧߽ͷˮľһԼҪҵɽкһ
ǰþòΪ󱲣ˮľȴк
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ǾҰҵĴæŶԡ
̫ˣôʲô£
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ǰĶ̽˽һ£¹⼲˵Σ
ҪΣԾϵ˺ɽкһǾˮľ͸¶һЩϵܺ;飬˵ľ񲢷ȱ壬һͬƬɵв˸ļ塣ͬʱ̣˵ıֲһɲ䣬żҲԼԾ˵ȥȥĵطԲϲʳһЩòϣûؼҾͺڵĶ~
˵ǵһ˵ˮľ˵ʵڲ̫⣬̽ѧϵľڣ̫ɬˣб׼𰸣ֻܳһ¡
ǰ˵ÿ˶ǳ̶Ȳͬľ֢ô
Ҳ˵ʵ˵ľô°ɣ˸֮以ͬųʱǾǾѣûǵģ볣˸񳣳״̬ΪѹơǸ˸ɾۺϳһܲɷֻͬ壬һꡣ
Ŷôʵ˵ˮľ̫ͬ˵ǿԼļʻǿƣһѵ͵΢ﶼܾۼɼ򵥵ʶƺɽкһ˵Ҳе
ɽмҵڶͨʹõʱǻʩǿľġһֻҪϢΣǺܴ󡣵¹⼲̫ˣ;ܵ˼˺ʶҷ״̬ͬʱҲ˵ѾȫûеֿˣֻҪľȡ鱨ۼһ˸ļ㡣û˾֧ţҲֻʱˡ
ӵֵزôˮľ૵˵
˵¹⼲״ҪӸϵĺתõ鱨˵ܼ򵥣Ǹõʬ壬ֻҪͷҶܿ̽һʵΪ~ɽкһҲûʲô취ˡ
ؼʱ䲻ˡˮľ˵
԰ǵȲĴＱˡ
洨ϢȺһɷٵľˮľҲһ̾ԼԳ鱨òϴף֮أǶ¹⼲ЩҲǿġ
ǰ㵣ǵ˵ҿԽ
ţˮľĻɽкһ𾪲ѣڼΪϵɽкһûʲô취һˮľܹ⣿


62 ۻ
Ӱ칫ңԳնɽкһˮľ֮⣬ûڳˡ
˵ı棬Ҳ÷ǳ졣
аôˮľ
סĻܴ󣬵ǻ᲻鷳Ͳ˵ˣϾûʵ飬Ƿǳ
šͷһʵҪʲô
ʻˮľҲˣ϶˵ȷʵԾ񣬵ֻҪ˻ţ̽Ĳ׽ԣܻҵܹκõķµȸֻⶼӭж⡣

ɫѾ׺ˣľҶҽԺҲ֡һ䰲Ϣڣˮľɽкһ׼
ˮľһһļԼ׼ķӡ󼰲ϣϸ˶Ƿ©
ĿɽкһͻȻʵˣ
ǰˮľЦһ뵽һ˵ȫԼоָоʵǲܡ
ҲǾþɳˣûӦ
ǰѵǣ͸˶ĸо컹൱ġҲǰˮľĿǰ״ܹɱѵļһôҲǻ½ŵˡĿǸͲ°ɡ
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Ҳǡˮľһƣ˭Լ£Ҫ鷳
ʱһ֪ͨʱ䵽ˣ׼ˣɡ
ˮľɽкһŰһ֮ڣذһˮľҪķӡѾ׼׵¹⼲类룬ˮľɽкһ
㿪ʼɣʱķöԼ״ɽкһߴٵ
šˮľǰʼ¹⼲ϻƷӡġ
һᣬ׼׵ˮľ׼õ˵ʼɡ
ԣѸĸλת漴һҵĽͬʱ¹⼲ϵķӡҲʼ˸ĹͽңӦ
ǰˮľɽкһ˵
Ҫˡ˵ɽкһǰתʼ׼ġ
ţϴβͬ˳ϵĵֿƺЧ
ˮľķȷʵЧɽкһҲʼС
һԵˮľĵȴɽкһĽʵһˮľ˵൱İղ⣬ǱϾйؾ귽⣬һ򶼴ⲻãκһܶɲصĺ
ˮľķʵܼ򵥣ľǸͨԼصʽԼоĻϻ۾ļɽмĶĺ֢Ӧóɹʺܴ
˵ˣ¹⼲ʱʱʧȥлָ˵ɽкһ˵ֻҪҵܹʱʹ侫İ취һжô
ˮľṩķԼ򵥴ֱˡԼеļһۻ귨ǱȽ׵ģٸӡĻĸṩάֽ磬ɽкһϺԼȥʰо֣÷ۼЧǿ¹⼲нľ񡣾ͺñɽкһ¹⼲ĴλԹۺˮľ֤ҽηȥһǣٰһľȻϰˡûк֢ͷ᲻᳤ᣬһˣô˵Ĺͷˡ
ַõĻˮľлϣˣпܼƫ΢ʧʲôģܱȾɢҪöˡ
ʱţˮľ˿άֽĸҲֵ֧סʵȷʵе󣬵ΪάЧòά˴ĲģǾˣ˶һһЩĻˮľԼʵ飬һ˾͹ˡ
֮󣬶ͷðɽкһͣ
ˣķҪˡɽкһˮľ˵濴ˡ
Ұɡˮľǰȶλ˵λټһᣬϾͺˡ
˵ˮľӡۼȻ¹⼲ͷ漴¹⼲ϵķһɿţĻ㼯ˮľġ
ɶٶȱˣ̫ˣӦûʲôɣŽһζҲоѹĶȻӴ
ڣˮľĲ֮ǰ¹⼲ķľۼˮľģȻ¹⼲Ķͷ㼯һǵĽ״ӡ沿°벿գСŷӡᣬ¹⼲ϵķӡҲû԰׵Ƥʧ֮ˮľҲ۵̱ڵء
һ͵Ⱥʱҽ߼״̳ǰ¹⼲״


63 ڵ
æµҽߵӰˮľ˳ȥɽкһѾһˣˮľȵǾȻĿҲڡ
ôˣˮľϽ
ˡӦôˣ
ѾΣգӡɹˣղ֮ӦѲȹ⼸ĹڣԺҪˡ
ţһĺܺãҽƲˡĵͷ˵תͷɽкһ˵ﲻǱĵطҵİ칫ϸ˵˵Ҫ֪صĸز~

߳ҽԺʱҹˣʱƺҹؼңˮľͲһЦϱӱżӰ඼ûôࡣ
׼ؼҵˮľȴϤӰîϦպСվ죬ƺڵϢ
ô⣿ˮľʵ
áîϦƺż֪ô
⼸죬ΪîϦգӴ鱨϶ˮľҪ࣬ٵѹҲ֪ò˽ķҪðһգ¹⼲Ŀǰ״Ҳֵһˡ
İɡˮľЦ˵ʱûˡ
ˮľĻîϦһֱġ
Ҿ˵ɣ϶ûµġһԵСҲ˵˵
ڴһЩ飬һͿȥˡˮľ˵һ¡
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᣿Ҫ˼ˡˮľο˵ڶӺö絽ʲôûԣ۵ĹǺ
ȥϲʲ˾ɡ˵գСȫѹֻӿˮݱˮľҪûСչˣ治֪ôȥˡ
ʲ˾Ȳ˰ҸطԵ~
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Ҳǰˮľһ̾ղîϦ˵ʲôû˵찡
İɣϦСӣһ֮ǰԼȥοһⲻûôʵ̫ˡ
ǰ̫ˡˮľҲף¹⼲¿ԼһִɣԽ⼸£΢ıһԼˣ˵ûжʲôشı䣬ɭֺʹ趼֣ȻûиıǲӡĽ
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ԼУԽƽƽӹ
һһϯ֮صĸоԼҲǿп޵뱳ˡ
ˮľǵĻڿ쵽ˣ˵Ҫ𣿡СЩǵʵԴĿǰ״ȷʵǴ̸ۼ޵ʱ˵ʲôʱսˡ
ȻΪʲôôʣˮľ˵Ҫ̫ǣĿǰȻЩ״ѻȥġ
ľҶʵҪ˵裬¼ɰ̴壬ҲǶ֣ʹԭдɱԳնʹľҶԪˣľҶĵ̣û˽ǵĵزľҶʧʵġ
ӢۣľҶһ͵Ϯ£¶ľҶڸ߶Ʋӵࡣ̵̳ߣĴĿǲ壬۳ƺŵսȥµһ֧Ŵֵʱ򣬷ֱʣ˻ľҶǷж̽ʵ
ͺáڻ£СǰѾȨˮľ
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һ棿ôʱ仹ûţˮľ˵СȥԵɣȥϢȽϺá
ţҲаɡ
һ棬ȴ滹ˡ
˾㰡þò
ף󻵵ʦҹܿˣҲȲѡ
ߵİ׷壬ˮľϽкҲˣþûش~һԵС˵֮һҲҲϽ
šҲ˿Щİˮľƺ벻ˣˣ𣿡
԰ˮľʦۿɲã۸³ʦ𾴵³ܵڮ٣һֱڻ
ЦˣҲˡˮľεڨЦСƨ˵ôֳϡ
ˮľˣеӡ󡣡Ҳǰƺ˵֣ʱˮľСҲڴ~

ͬʱӰ칫ңɽкһ鱨ɫĿγˮ
鱨ȷôʵ
ɽкһ֣صشԲģˣҩʦȷʵɰ̵ʹıΪ¹⼲˼ɰ
ʵڲԸŶѻᱳѣֻ¹⼲ϵ˺սʵ൱Ǻϡ
͵֮ǰһ汨潻ȥϢɡ
ǡɽкһ˳ȥ
ֻʣһ˵İ칫ңĿ˼ãͻȻԸ磬λǰ¡һֲ־峤Ҳ


64 ͽ
ʵ棬ˮľǺϲĺòóԵ⣬Ϊʳ̫ӽˡԱԵöµˮľʵеӰģʵڶùǺһǲ뵽ȥġ
ĸ˼һĳϳ棬ʵһĵ飬ߵˮľ˱˦ˮһָоʵǲ̫áֺˬĳԷʵ̫ѿˡ
˱һĳԹ˵Ĵ룬ˮľҲǳ˽ˣΪʲô˵˾ˣƾʳͲһܹȵϵġ
ˮľֲһ˦ϵ֭Ȼ˵ԭΪ˾ɻݱָѵû뵽ȻҲԽ̵Ǻð
ѵ˵ɫѵʲô˲õ𣿡˻ǿûҽС
һԵҲ˾ȻǰƺԼΪɫˣʮֲľ˵˺öˣľɽҲʲôɫ~
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𣿺ɫôǿȻ֪Ȼݱʦˣǣѵ˵ǱȿʦҪߣ˻Ƕ̫õҲЩŲ
֪İɣСҲƨñǿ׶Ҫˣ˿ɲ˵
һ㽫һҲȹ˷룬ȻָҲ˵ȻôǾ͸ϽɣҪĥĥ䣬͵ˡһȥģҪรɫˡ˵Ա˵һ̵ܻؼȥ˯ˡ
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أҲˡȻ˺ҲɺϣǣˮľҲô˻ᣬһЩĿǰ֪ΨһĻģʽҲп֪鱨
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ģʽҲһ㲻һߣɲʲô˶֪ġ
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šҲû˵ģʽЩĿǰܽӴĶ
֪ģҲˣѧϰģʽȾ޴ĲҾ㲻ˡˮľǺͬҲ˵ĿǰˮľˮƽǿнӴģʽǱʯͷǱɷӡ
֪ıеĶöࡣȻһʱѪҲʲôֵҪ
Ҳ֪Ŀǰм˻ģʽˮľʵ
ˮľȻ⣬ҲҲһ죬ֻ֪һɣҲƺԹûгɹ
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ˮľͷ˵Ҳһͨ޵İǿĻΪʲôм¼ͨȺвֹһˣǴǸ߶սģʽĲӦôٰɡ
ˮľ⣬Ҳһ˵޷ش㣬ȻҲ֪֪Щ鱨ȻĸӦӦǹؼɡûиͣҲ޴̸ûдضѪ޽磬ûдӡȻҲûҩʦˡ
˵ȻͬյȻв죬ǣͬΪ̽һ֣ͨ޶ΪʲôΪ֮ȴ
֪̫ҪĶͲҲȤˣҲ̽粻ϲɣ~
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ؼ𣿡
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󵨲²һµĻֵĿʼͲ֪һѰףֵ磬ȫľľ޴ֱӱɳϣٳʵĵ
˵ֻǲ²Ļôһ֤ǾŴβޡΪħʣŴβ޶ǲģΪฺ־ļ壬±𣬹ֻỻطˮľȷĻβ޾ȫ༯־һ֡β޲
֮飿ǸЦ˰죬Уֻͽˡ
ѹǰʱˮľʵУעӡǲ¡еĸоĻͲࡣ
ˮľ˼Ҳ˵Ҫ˵ˣҲûУУ̽Ĳô
ˣҲǰˮľܵĸš
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65 Ĵ
ǱҲСˮľߣڵҹɫ߻ؼȥ
ˮľղҲ˵ģʲô𣿡С̲סʵ
ûСˮľҡҡͷ˵ֻһЩĲ²⣬Ӧò̫Ӱ졣
Ŀǰ϶ǲˮľ£²²ⶼģȻи߸ţô˵Ҳֲˮľġ
ǶĻʵܷһЩߣ̽ǻĶ࣬ţ΢еģꡣ
ǰо仰ı졣⻹ֻ岻ͬѾĲɿ̽ǸֶһҲȷʵಢȺȫôĲ֮ĵ̫ͷˡ
û뵽˻ܵҲ˵֮ǰܴżĹ¶ءСп˵
ǸĺӣԺ˵Ϊӵءˮľ˵˵ˣ˵ӻбʵģȥϢ~
ŴӸ߲õɰ̹鱨˸ʱ䲼ã׻ᷢʲôͬԭı仯Ŀǰö֪ĿԳնĽľҶӦòսŶԣôӦԣҪˡ

Сӣ⼸ӡĽչôϢԷʱ䣬ˮľСӣѧϰĽȡ
ʦõʱ˳Уʱûʲô⡣Сӣ
شˮľͷ˵Ǿͺáԭ㰲һԵģǰʵ̫æˣһֱڹĽ̵ǲ˼ˡ
ᰡˮľʦСӣҾû⼸ˮľƣɫҶʵҲʲô
Ĵ츳ټŬĽҵиûʲôϵ
СӣҲе㲻˼˵ʵҲЩԵĵط˽½ʦҵ߾Ұˡ
ŶˮľȻȻɽкһԼôƣһеεɽоҰҪģֻҪѧľ;ѧɣҲ㲻ʲôʮ
ˮľʦ̫ǫˡҰ˵ҾǿֲԽһӡϸҼ˿ˣûһ˸öʲôϣҸ׻صʺá
ǰʵ̫ˣҪѧʲôͺСӣɣֻҪ¿γ̾ˡʵȻеõġ
ɫˮľԸ׼һɣ̽õģȻҪҳȥһˣһͻ~

ˮľ¹⼲粡ʱ򣬷îϦգȻһӰ
ôˣѵȥôôͻˣǰľǿָǲ뿪Ҹĵط̵ȥˣԭΪֱ̿Եʼ֮ǰûʲôˡ
ǰսӵ֪ͨȻҪȥ̴ˡͷⶼǱܵڶˣ˲ء
ˮľǰĻڻƿȻîϦʵȶɣ
ոռˣûʲô仯
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˵ǣġ͵
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ĻǾͲˡע⵽˿Լʹ˸ɫˮľ˳ȥҲ
ʲô𣿡ˮľʵ
˵Ҹջ֪׷ʲô飬˵Ҳˣ֪Щʲô鱨𣿡
ʲô̫ұϾֻṆ̀㻹׼ȽϺã
׼ս׼ôأ
ˮľû϶Ĳ²⣺֪ܶɵѾ׷׷شˣҲҲڴϢ֪İɣ
ţû뵽Ҳ֪
ˣһᣬҲһ𡣡
ҲԽ̵ˣҲһ£СӣĿǰôˣԼһѧ
˵ôãĵСӣˡˮľЦ˵İɣһһģûʲô̫չɾͲҪСӣˡ
Ҿͷˡȥˣ̿Եټɡ
ľֱˮľҲûڴйˣѸٵȥջصļ꣬ɽоҰӭ˵ˮľʦղ³ʦ㣬˵ҪҪ֪ͨ㣬㲻ڣһŸ㡣
ˮľӹҰݹżһҴһ۵ľ֪ôˡ
Ѽƻ𣿻㰡סѧУ̰ȫԭǶӵҪ̶ĳ̶ˡϣһ鱨Ҫٵ͹˵ʵɡ


66 ְн
Դ쿴¹⼲֮һʮ죬ˮľһпоͻᵽߣһҲΪɢɢģѧϰǽˣһԽ飻ҲΪϤһµβһ׼
һʱˮľԸоӵľǿˣڽ˿ֻ̫ܲҪ΢ģǰһպͶİ˵ȣԶ˵˴ѾӦǿӲ̬ȣڸ̿ʱԴҪԱĻ֮µģǶʵš֪˶ԴӲҲûȡ̿Ե뷨
¹⼲磬ʵźȻѾʱûΣգȻûκѹס
ʱÿһܾ𡣺ƽˣսеߵǺֵǮһŶӵĳͻɵĴΧƻܾͻʹʧȥ
磬ˮľŴҰӣɽоҰƷ꣬òһ١
ҪΪʲôĻʵˮľڻϷŻ¶ˣòСŮһڷѰˣȻʲô£Ǵȥ̫á
˵ǿζòƲ̫ó԰ҾûǶɳҪһ㡣ɽоҰһ߳һ߷ɧ
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𼱣ǻûأɽоҰһ߳һ˵
СӣҲͷʵˮľʦǸôģ
ʵСӣһȥʱͷ˲ԣΪѧʶһֱûѧϰؾûйעСӣѧϰصתͷӡˮľԽԽСӣϤ˾Ұһԣһֱ߶ŪļΪʲôôãڽ챻˷ǿƵܡ
С㡣ˮľʵڲԸڹڳ̸飬̶ֳȵǻ̫ˣǶʱܸöģҿԽһЩĶ~
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ʲô̿ԵСӣκһʵĻᣬŹġ
İɣ⣬Եģ֪İ~
һᱣܵ~Сӣ;Ұŵ
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飬ڷӡϵĲ죬ʩûһˮľоϾǷߡ
šͷˮľľۻ귨󣬴ҲԹֹһˣˮľ¹⼲ǰּҲ㹻ΪӵһˡȷϽȷʵЧֻʹߵĲܡ
ȷûʲôĿԸ鵵Añܼͬʱˮľĵȼ̿Խ鿼ǽ
Ϊˮľľۻ귨󣬱мǿ񹥻ͻЧɫǳԵõĺõĻȷʵ𵽷ǳЧ¹⼲õӡ
ͬʱˮľΪһ̣սȫҲϵˣѵõǸƽûԵ㣬չǱʮ־޴
οҲֳ˷ͬһҩѧͷӡĲܣ̽ϡȱҽҲǵˣһֲòپḻҽ߶̾硣
Ȼǰˮľش󣬵Ѿˣ⼸µıҲһľҶߣ߼Ҳ˳µ顣

һߣ˿֪ԼҪְнˮľΪڴҰӣɽоҰ͸ԽҰӣ˵ԼµĽ̵ѾǱȽιˣѧϰѣɽоҰͱȽԽˡ˵Ұ츳ûֻ߲ǲͬһ͵ߣûӦĻʵڲ֪
ʲôˮľʦСӣˮľݹľᣬȫ㲻ʲôãҺӡ״еϤ
ܲϤСӣǰùɭ档ЩȽϸӵķӡͽֽ⣬ʱǳСӣ룬Ͼѧϰһ¡
ܹһ̶ϵֲȱݵķӡˮľ
ȱݣСӣȵʵҵȱʲô
̫̫²ز㡣


67 
ǿһǲΪǵģ²ʮ־޴ˣҲܻһЩ⡣
ֵİٺ֮ӡӡΪ͵ӡٺ֮ӡǴõֻһֵڲֶΣƽʱܹԼսʱϴӡǿ
ܿϧˮľһᣬҪ˵ٺ֮ӡԴĽ͹⻷ӡַӡûɣ˵ʲô֮ĸֶؼˡ
ˮľķӡ߲Ʋ֡ϸĲƣˮľûıԼãؼˮľûиǳڵҽʵ޷ҽӦòںڵ
ҲǷӡ𣿡Сӣʵ
ԼϵĲ㣬СӣҲģһŮ汾ѷɫͬεߣϵĲ죬Ҳûа취¡
Сӣڲʮ꣬ڳͣûоȫ壬Ͳ̫Ĳ
Ϊʲô˵̵ĶԾģΪܵͲƣһֻҪһͼˣʣµĶǽ񶷼ӻ｣ļˣս츳Ҳ治ʲô
εߣ˹˵ȵһسĻֱ̼ǿһĴڡҪһ̫̿쳣ûʲôܰôܿϧһξֻΪǵĵʯˡ
Сӣ⣬ˮľЦŵشҾҪᶨһ¶ѧĶˣзӡ飬ֻ˵ʵǷӡáͲľҹֲĴڣӡް취ɼֲ֮
ǣҪôã
̿ǰдʮʱ䣬ʱһġˮľ˵ҪַӡֵĻϲϢ~
ɾԲǰ书ؼǴķӡ;ϢķӡһԭΪԼģʽſ;ۻ귨ִ졢Ϊ˾˲ʱķӡͬˮľ̵ơ
⣬ǴҰӣеģˮľһ⡣ֻΪ֮һˮľĿǰĳ̶ȣͰĻǿҲˡ
뷨ĻģʽԼƲȥһϾûʲôѪ޽繩ԼӣֻܼϣģʽȻѣÿ˶ܳһµˡ
ԣˮľԭĲģʽǰͳ׳˸Ц
ǣϢˮľо֮µˡͬڸֵİٺ֮ӡӡиֺôϢһأֻһŵĲأΨһŵǴ⡢áĿĺȷֱָģʽʲôݡפռӱָֹܣСӣԺѧĻȥҸ־ͺˣˮľԼǶһжȤġ
źôҰӣ֮ˮľòɽоҰ
ˮľʦҿɲҲѧǸʲôϢҰʵ
ˮľҡҡͷǲ㣬ʵǷ̫ʺϣѧĻȥСӣɣֻҪѧС
ҰˮľĻشʧĵͷ
ҽǿҲѧˣԺϰ͹ˣ󲿷ʵѧ˶ûʲôãΪɽмһԱսʽע˻Լ崫ΪĶֻΪˮľο˵ҲûʺģһַӡȻʲô߼ɫͦʵõģҪҪԣ
ˮľҪ̸ҰľԼһѧķӡ⸿Ϊ¹еһԱɽоҰעǿߣȻˣͰѿ֧ӵ°ɡ
Ҫ̸ҰǾˮľķ⸿󣬴󽵵˲ʹҪͬʱҲǿ˿Ҫǣһӡֱӿ̻һ塢ͨʹãǿԣҪնܷõļˡ

̴֮壬ȡҩʦռ鱨
ľҶľּǿˣʵ
ǵģʲôɡҩʦ
ѵûиɵٵСβͣй¶鱨ģ
޷ϣˣҺܱǸҩʦ˵
Լûϵñɱ¹⼲Ȼıѣ֮£ȻԼһ˲˵û뵽ԷԽսԽ£ȻľҶѲߵİԼҲòˡ
ԭ˼ľҶûʲôرжΪ¹⼲Ƴأûܴ鱨ڿй¶ˣǲ֪ľҶ嵽֪ϢĿǰûȡ̿ԵҪôǹƲ㣬ҪôǶԼʵġ
ҲãͷȻôģҪˡЦ˵ҿ۵׻мʵɡԭƻվɣ찲źþսɱӰ׼


68 ĸ
һѧûǲãˮľҲ˵СӣԼûٶĵģ޷ǾҪ˼һ½ЩʲôȽϺʰˡ
µʱ䣬о̵ܽĲ඼ˣõúòòᣬپ󲿷ֶѧˣʣµľͶǶϰˡ
ˮľʦ˵ѧһѧǸɰҰ޵սʽôпܻ˼룬컹Ҫоһ¿ɵСӣͿҰ޵ս
ˮľҡҡͷȷҪѧɲһ׵飬Ϊʲôѧɰ
ɰӣô࣬ŲҪѧˮģսʽ~
ˮľ̾һ˵Ȳ˵ѧѧĻᣬԼô㣿㷸һˮԵ̬仯ҲģģıϾҰ޵ܶ඼õɰӣǲģġ㲻Ժ󱳸صˮ«װˮԺ󳤲ߵĻǿһ¡
ͨΪ߷ǳ棬Ϊֵػˮ֮ǳĿǲףǲ½ģΩΩФ̬仯ʱ仯ȻҲðƻˡ
ˮľĻԣˮľʱ仯ʵֺʵһʣܷųȣȼ壬ܺȻʵĻϲЧûκ𡣿ǵˮľٿƣģĻͻɢӰ٣عȻ֮С
СӣѧҰ޵սʽȾҪˮԲ̬仯ȻϴˮƽʱòǿԺͿʵʹõʱϲԼĿҰ޵ɰսʵҲпġ
ţˮľǿһ㣺˵Ұ̿ǿԶ˰ɣһɲĽһ֪ܲĽˮϰҰ磬Ҳﲻû´ĻԶɰӣпһѪ޽硣
Ѫ޽磿дۺӵİۣбĶɰӷҲһѪ޽磿
ûˮľЦ˵ļʶ̫ˣϵѪ޽磬ܶ඼Զ档
Ұ޵ֿɰӵ˵ĸ׵󱣻ҰޣҰ޵Ϊĸ׶ġ
ˮľ˵֮Աǵģһ˶ˣܹŶݼŵ£ЧĵֵĹǵǰôǿ˲鰡
ɰɰֵ̲̫ıǵһμĸҲȻŴҰޡ
ˮľĻСӣʧĵͷ
Сӣı飬ˮľ˵̿ԵҪˣ㼱е飬ʵ̫ˣûоúһԼĵ·
ʱ䣬ˮľȷʵСӣٶһҪûСӣȽСʱһѡ񣬸õķϵơ
Сӣĵ˵֪ˮľʦǱԽԽٽˣȴܸоԼĺԶ
СӣĵĻˮľһ飬ܸˣԼʱ𣿡
Сӣͷ˵֪ˮľʦҵĶǶʱôܹ̣ʵǲ䡣һ֮ǰСӣԼ˳Զѡ񣬷˶ڼܶ˹ķŻĿ֮ͬԼֻܹȻˣָоʵ̫ˡ
ǸǿʤĺӰ
ˮľͷ۵ͷСӣ˵ȣ˵ǣ㻹ûڵʵʲô̶ȣô˵ɣһ֮ǰѾкܴĻǲˡ
һ֮ǰʲôʵһдۣһݣľֻʣѧУѧϰĶˣСӣڵֻҪսõеǰ취ȻӡĻȵʣԾԵٶѹСӣҲǶ֡
ôܣСӣȵ˵СӣУĻԼԽʲô붼롣
Ҫ˵ĻģͬʱҲҪԼġĿǰܱǰҪǿܶ࣬ܲʤù˵ȷʵǰǿˡ
òǳˣСӣһ
㲻ǿĴһҡһֱ㶼Ǻڶսѵõһжҽ̵ģÿһ趼ҵԤ֮£ԺѵʱͻرǱȻġ
һˮˮľ˵ҪףĿһ̣ʲôʵԶ֮ϣѵʲô뷨ҽĶô򵥵ĻңҲ̫˰ɡ
һඥĻ˵Сӣ


69 ֮
ˣ̫ԴˣˮľʦСӣ˵
ⲻĴû˵̫
һֱСӣͷԺ;˵ѧϰЧʣڸֻһʮСŮû㹻ľλҡж˵ʵ
ֻһζĽ֪ʶȴûиȷķˮľԼˡ
ûһȫű˲ųΪǿߵģ߳Լ·ҽĶļʶһѡˡ
֪ˮľʦ˼Ϊʲôѡһصأѡһʺҵķɣ
Сӣ⣬ˮľһЦͷ˵һ㵹û˵ҵʦˣеģǣ߲ǽֻܳԷģҪĶ~
ҪĶСӣɻʵ
ûȫһģ˿õͬϣϻӰĵһСôĵ뷨ʲôأ
Сӣشˮľͽ˵ҿԺܸεĸ㣬Ļҽ൱㣬һԶԶңԺҪⷽ淢չһʺʦȽϺáӡͽڵսҪĲ䣬츳ͱȽһˣвƣҽϢϾֻһŸϢǿսûκֻ˵ûرıʣ㻹ǷȽϺãʺ㡣
ˮľĻһûпţ½˸СֲֶСӣ񶷵ƣǸĲǺѸıġƽӹܣϢṩĲӻҲ޲ѵ翨һһߵţʲô壿ͳսͲˡ
ˮľۣСӣҲǵͷ˼
ߵĲܣʱĵ뷨һģΪ־һߣ޷ʹŲò˰ɣ
ĴҰӣڿɲһӣԸűӣȫֱּӣԼĿսʽһõѡҲȷʵʺʦˡ
ˮľĿǰһУһһɣһ棬ˮľҲϣСӣ߻ؼȶʱܹͷһҪ׵ķԼҪ츳Ŀԡ

һµѾһˣļʱҰӣܳ˼һµջˡ
ԭԵģˣûǸҪ
Ҫսˣһµĳɹչ¶ǰ󣬸һҸ棬ҪСƶ˹Ǹ˲һǴĳʤܴ󡣡
лл㣬ˮľʦһ鷳ˡСӣϹл
һľҰҲҪ뿪ˣһµ͹Ľˡ
аʱ׼ȥúϢһ°ɣ콫һˡ
쿪ʼ̽罫ƽӴϮľҶʼԭǱڰսʻƽҪһˡ

عһµĽѧģˮľ˵ʵҲһӵḶ́ĳ̶ֳĿǰˮľĴʵʹҰӣ࣬δиָԼֻԼˣ·ѾˣҪʱۣʱȴǡǡõġ
ڽ̸СӣĶˮľ۵ģϢˡ
ӡĲ֮ͬڣӡֱӴڽҪͷһĸá
ϢȻֱӴɢݵľȻٴ档
һٵһɲǺ壬һ޶Ƚ帺ǷãӶġһƾǲӡһӡڶͷ
Ϣһֱ鲼ȫϸĴΧ洢ĲſߡֻзӡĸֺͲƼΪ˲ѧļܣΪ鲼ȫԿԴκεطͷź͵ڲģʽѴ⣬Ҳʩŷӡͽ硢ǻ֡ϣĵѨַҲһá
̸СӣʵҲһֳԣԼһŮʲô̶ȣ˵δҪСӣշҲ˵

ô࣬ˮľҲ˿УΪĴ׼ˡ
ˮľսһβ֮ҲֻƣǼ֮ɱһδӳǿߣͨޣŶӶս˾ǰССܹȵˡ
˵ˮľȻûڴϸıԭ飬СϸڣͺԭкܴˣǷ䵽ʱķҪˡ


70 Ц
ڶһ磬ˮľСΥһ˶͡
ǳϵķʢСˮľ˵Ļôóԡ
ϲͺáСЦŴ
;ô࣬ôرԼԵʲ˾þöûԹôˡ
ȽرɡС˵ʼͶμ̾ߣǰܴĶˣһûôĹ~
Ǳ㷢˰~ˮľͷʲô飬ϸĵСǰʵԭ㵣ĵģȻ㷢ˣôСһ~
ţҲС~

ľҶͷֵ÷·һڻﶼܸоĶ
ˮľڽ澲ָȻһܡ
װӦþľҶˡ
ֱߵϲһĳĬԣЦʱ򻹺ãһʲô飬ϵİ̺۾˸ֲûˡ
ϲΪʲôᱻȥݵפѲߣˮľʵʵسֳʰɡ
ΪſֳСӣһ޼ɵ
ŶЦ޷ϴ춹ˮľ̾һϲ˵ǸЦúЦ𣿡
ϲûлشֻϵ˰ڶ
ľҶߵĬ˸еż³˵ǰɣˮľͱһұߵ³
³ε˵ҲûĬеһԱ~
ɣǰô˵𣿡
³϶ĵͷ
λ޲ȥˡˮľ૵˵ȫû˻ϴ춹ǶȤζЦԺһӵ̫ϲˣϹһݺͺġ
ˮľδ䣬ͻȻһǩɹǰϣˮľһ
ƺʲô˲õĻ˵𣿡ϴ춹ƤЦⲻЦ۾ˮľ
ô᣿ˮľתͷϲ³ղ˵𣿡
ϲһ˿³εڨЦ
ɣˣǶû
ˮľ˵˵ϴ춹˿ϲ³
ԭΪλǸˣû뵽ˮľ̫ˣȻѧˡ
ιɲҪ˵ʲôѧˣ˵ҺʲôȾԴһŮ˵̫ˣ˵úԭϲ³ʲôչһ
˶˰ɣͻȻһӰˣĿӰԳն
״˶
°ɡ˵
Ŀͬװ磬һŵװǻָ˼ķɡ
ɨһˣȻ˵ļƻţشҶѾյˣ̿ԵҪʼˣ׼Ź볡¹شؾʲô׵𣿡
ˮľʵҵжľûô죿
ţˮľ˵Ѿ㱨ˣἰʱϻģõģڳʱӦû¡
֪ˡˮľͷʾףԭг˰̣ؿƺûгĿǰ̬ƣ֪᲻ǿ֣ǵȱˣҲ֪ܲٳһ
һûʣԸ͵ж~

᳡ڣˮľ½½ŶӽĹڣɵøп̽ѪͳӣַɫַɫϡŹֵͲʻ棬̿ķֻͣ벻ģûмġôĻŨüƺҲرԽܵˡ
ôŵˮľһԱһؿŨü۵ģ˵ʱҲͦôµġ
ƺˮľĿ⣬ؿתͷˮľһۣȻԵĳ˴Ĵָ΢΢һЦ¶Ϲ˫۵ݡŵˮľϽתͷٿ
ܺ򽻵ȻᱻȾġ
δﵽĿĲݵѪһöԸˣرʵرǿʱѪͷ͵סˡ
ϸȺſܻڼ飬Ŀ֮£Ҳܲȡʲô̫Ĵʩػĵߣַǿģֻмͨ˺Ͱ֣ǰͼɻضסˡ
ֻǧûǧշĵʵ̫ˡ
֮ͨеİûа취ôĻ᳡̨ģȻǳռˣǣܵ˵ͨˣ̫ˡ
ָûļʱ򣬲μӿԵĿҲֳִˡȸϵǶ˹ֻһǰԵøԼҲһιԼ̽һαˣȫ綼ΪԼĻԲľţԼϣˡ
֪Լ˺ͽѾԼһȥ赱תļƷҲӦԼñȽϳһ˰ɡ


71 ŵ
ıȽɰ飬ҰȻޱ⣬־ƺЩŲȻˡĿŵĳ֣˵ǵӴ󣿻ǾԼûб¶
඼ʦ߶ͬǰҰӣһǰǳϣ뿨ڣòҲٵˣҲֲСӣֻǺˮľ˸кͿʼѰӰֱǰٵˡ
˵ˣɣǱݵ̨úñְ~ٲ֪俪ʼкһڿǽһЩע
һ£û~˽Ľ
֪ٵˣɲǰԣвٴڿǵıֵģܲܽдõȰɣ
ǣһϲô죿Сӣǵʵ
ıʼǰûеֻȨֲսʤˡ
ô᣿СӣĿ˿·ķȫûпӰ
ˣĥˣȥɡ֪ϣҪʼпٵְˡ

ںͿ඼һڴҲڹ̨׼׵֮ӰĴӰ٣ڶϯ̨¡
ôֻһʲô
ûмǿķǶԼô˵ΪлӰְչʾԼʵǿӲ̬ȣֻ˵ΪֲĹʧŴô
ˮľٿ˿αװɷӰĴ裬еԶòǺ̴ӰΧû̫ıΪǱǿ
ٿԶվߵϵˮľɨ᳡ϣƾżּܹϤӰ
ҩʦû
˰죬ҲûзļӰˮľò
˶εıҲѾʼˡ
ʵҪ츳ʮеţ߲ܣΨһǿľֻ¹ˡ
û¹裬֮ˣҲתǲ¹ѹ˵ƣȴƫƫһԸ΢ôһ飬δɾ;Բһֱ˽ֵӰģ¹ݼ崫еӰԼƷ
ͬʱ¹ҲˮľʮϧˣĲûõҪĵطԸ£̫ͷԽ⣬ʡķʽѣȴڶĶ¹ʵȻһڿȷʵƵĵλ־ϵıԣȻչ¶¹ڵĲŻȴҲ¶Ӳʵľȱݡһ֣ᷢû㹻ԼͷԵƣһԴġ
ΣһɶõˣȭͺΪһ㣬ж̾ڵĲڰ۵ĸ£ֱõĳ뻯ȭҲӵ쾡¡
ֻǿϧʱûΣûгΪǿߵˣ츳˵ҲܳΪľҶʮеһ̵ˡ
һžβԼĵѨԲķܷΪʤĻ˵Ϊ̿У¹֮һ̵̡
ϵıҲԭдͬС죬ռݶƣھβǰֻй¶һҲԿܵģڲսپ£ȭЧãٺϵҪƴĳ̶ȣεʤͲǺܴˡ
Ȼûж仯Ȼѵȡ˵һʤҲǾʣʤҲֳڵ
˵һλ˵ͬɣǿкϲѵˣ޲㵽ǰ԰һ£ȴû
ˮľջĿһܣֹòƱȸղŸˡ
ףǸİİҩʦɣʲôʱģ
ͻȻˮľڿ̨Ľ俴һɵİؾҩʦˡǾḻĶԼѰ֮£֪Ļ
ʱǴ󶯸ɸʱ򣬿ûлû뻹
ôŵˮľǽĿƻصֵҰӣǳˣһֱɽ¶ˮСӣҲ˴һİɡ
ѺʹʦûʱʦҲʵڲóˣף˰~
ˮľϣ˸Сӣģλȫ󺰴еɽоҰиոյŹȶ㵸ŷǵˮľԵľľҶӵˮ׼ʵ̫ˡ
̣ƻûãôҪ𣿡
ûйϵഺϤĴĴָϤЦݣˮľʱûʵʵȽϺá


72 ռϷ
˹ǰ۵ĴҰӣ˷ɫƯһ㣬ʵڲΪʲôȻܺԼͬԭӦǲŶԡ
ҰӣʵɭֵʱԼͼʶˣ˳ϵĽ⣬Ҳͻǿõó֣ʲôãȫԼһʵųɫĶѺͳǿߵһԼѾǴҰӣļˡ
ɣϣܾǲҵʹɡ
ֻȲ֪ʾ⿪ʼֱһӣ˹ȲǰֱͻҪҰӣһȭ̵
̫ԴˣͲֵ֪׼ȷʵ³çĹ̽ûУҪԿ
̨ϵˮľ˹ȻôֱӹɵҡҡͷΪĶӳǶ˹һ򲻴ʣͬʱٱϵǫѷòǹıʸѹ̫󣬾ȻʵʧСӣҪռһˡ
Ȼ˹ԭӦñԼ˳ĻеĴҰӣȻĶ㿪ˡ
ƫˣԣǻʲôʱõģôһ׶ûУ˹˲жϳСӣӦԷʽɭֵʱҲû˳Ծ˿ͷ
СŮ˽õĲҲ㣬Լˡ
˹ûеĵ˼ԼֵĻͷŵǶȥ˵
ϧɲ˹ôáҲö｣Ѹײڶ֮ϮȵĶ˹Ͻûֵ黹ûֻ꣬ҰӣͻȻĳಢٿֱ۳ɵ״һϣֱԼࡣ
㲻ˣôô죿˲벻״˹ҲȻҪŶḻս飬ȥֱƴŤ壬󲿺ϱȻСӣĲпһӣѪֹס˳
ḻĶ˹ûߣһתֵٴλӳҰӣظ֮ɨ
һӦòǻô㣿
˵ľʹҲŹѵõһƵеĻᣬ˹ʵȷʵ˵ã̴ɱӱٮٮߡ
ҰӣһԾͲ֮Ķ˶˹ȭȻٺ롣
˹Ҳû׷ѸٵķˣֺݵɿĸԼ˴ϱ
ôܣҵûвЧ~
˵һλΪԼԴ˻֪жϳĻһξ;ǴҰӣıˣԼȴȻ߸һʵʵ̫˾ˡ
ڳĹڿܺܶͿĪˣǶ˹ĪĶſȭȻ󲻲챻ҰӣˣȻٻȭȻûдУȻһĪľȱ顣˽˹ʽ˿ܾͿˡ
ֻһЩмʶ߲˶Ծİ֮
ǴҰӣŲ֪ʾ⿪ʼĻᣬʵȴǲʹ˻ȻŶ˹ԴĻ˶֣ȻĪķס޿ײĹĹ
ףСӣıôͿʼˣͻȻɤŵ˳ˮľߡ
ôղŶûж˸Сӣ͵ģѺʦڣǶŶӾòƺܳⰡ
ֻҪƨҪϲͷСӣǵ߰Ųʲôء˵ղںҽ߸˷һʱ䡣СӣòǱǸкģһӾͰôʢĶθˣСӣȻռϷ硣ôģ
úøСӣͰɣҪСӣӮˣһ־Ҫսร
һֱֻǰĶΣû뵽ȻҪСӣԴʵ̫ˡ
ֳڱֵȴЩƣ˵սǲ֣ûôĿսֻڶ˹Ѫ֮󣬲ǿ˵
¿ֲԼ˲ˣʱûеӰսĵزüغϵĲ˹ˣԼɱﵣȷʵԴҰӣЧ
˵ײãֻǱĳַ˾󲿷޷ǰͼӰЧҪǹٶȺƵʹĻҲ˵ֵģСӣֱϼǳǳðѪ۵˿ھ֤
ŴҰӣתҽһЩӰսһһκã˹ʱ;һͷۣԼ߼͸첲˿пѵļˣôȥͨıͲˣԼûжôҽôȥ̫~
ѵǲǿп޵ӡ𣿻ûмǲͲ׵ĵԼλãǻǲİ
ܾôȥˣôֹɱӴ̣ЩϷľҶ߼ʶһ´ӵĶĿֲɡ


73 ľ
ܶʱʵǾʤΨһأսеżȻ̫ˣһö˹ǳľء
ԭúӦԵĻвȡʤϣģϧӰ˶˹ķӣʵ಻£ͼΪҪˡοҰӣ鷳ҽߣõĻֻսƾܶˡźǿһжΪ̸ȥ˹ԼҪһֲȥˡ
̨ϣڹ۲սˮľߣͻȻһԳɰ˹Ϧպ˵Ӱ
ôˣҪտĴ𣿡ˮľ˵Ҳİˣ԰˹ػ̵ľǻӰĶӣȥʹ򽻵ٺòˡ
˹̣һڣȻ˵ֲտһ£Ĺ˼Դģʱõ̫ࡣ
ŶһΪ¹͵ء
òţ¹ǸˣֻҪӮܻа취ģ̿ԻѲ˹굹ʮ¹ʵʲôʱҰӣҲôˣѽδĺ޻֮Ķ˹ȫѹƣʵǲһδСӾô̼ҵĶûˡ
ʩŻķʱǡôΪߵϦպ죬֪ϸ壬ϸڵĹ۲͸ΪˣְȫļĲʲôȻĵֵĴ͸˺
ȫԿ˵£ѵõֳϵĲӦı仯̣Ҳǲ绹ܷսͷǳѵˡ
гɹСӣܹѹƶ˹ˮľҲһСӣĳɹ֤Լ뷨ǿеġʵڽ˹棬ˮľܹóӦԷһ̶ֳȵǿǰֵһᣬǺܶӦԷһ̶òϡ
СӣѧϰĻܹ̿õϵľֻϢͲˣǵĻСӣʵ൱ࡣ
Ϣһ鲼ȫĲԴһֽϷӡĲƼϢԣʹӡҪֲáʱһҰɰ֮׵ĻܣСӣ˵ѡѧãʮִСӣĲҲҰ޵ѹɰôӲҲһȭܽ
Ըֲ๥ٺòˡǿҲֻһֿ񶯣̫鷳ĶԲߣСӣڻòˮԲ̬仯Ͻԭȵ̫ˣʲôս롢׽롢֮࣬͸ٴϣûж˺ˡֻҪСӣӦùʱ˹Ͳκλᡣ
ûֻô򶷼ңöȻ֪СӣʵĻʤֻʱˡ
ףԣ˹Ҫƴˡڳµı仯ˮľȻǿ
ϸ΢ı仯ԤűֵĲĶ˹ƺÿʼ𽥴ơ
յ룬Ҫעһˡ
ԽսԽµСӣİѶ˹
òز֧Ķ˹Ҳмܣ߼ֱӱ̴õ˿ٴѿұǰ˵ĸˡ
Ӯˡ״Сӣŵ˵
Ӯˣ˹һЦͻȻͷ·˲ܶסСӣֱۣһܲ˰ɡ
δ䣬ȭӳֱӴ͸СӣһصĻڶϡʵʵûһ㻨ɵⲫŻֱƣٴηáһȭ֮ö˹ֶûסֱӽСӣɵˡ
ôһռĶ˹ģٴοٸ׼ŻûصСӣδȵĻᣬһػ׵춨ʤ֡
ͻȻı仯СӣֲҺûûлңѸŸĴˣһӣһ˿ѸٳƮֱڲԶһŴ֦ϣȻһƺɶ·˹ĹˤڵϣԶ
ղһϹҲľ˶˹ʱûа취ǿ׷ˡ
ϵı仯֮죬ÿ̨ϵĹĿɿڴǲ²սͻȻԽѪȣƺҲȼĹڵ飬Ҳ
һﲻԵǳ֮ͽ˷ļˮľŸոճ˴ĴҰӣ
Ϊʦȴ޷ϵһΰսҪñɱ׼


74 ս
СӣվղŽŲѵͻȻĶ˹ִСӣʵ̫ˣƺûʲô¡ȻֿʼСеĸСӣľ
һ㣬ˡСӣѾӮˡˮľ˵
ղŶ˹ƴһûȡþԵսʤѾûжˡ
սʤԺǿǰ̧ͷˡͬˣϦպԳɰ˹඼ֻһ˽֣ǴڸвǿŮ־˺ûɾ¹裬Աʵǲ̫ˡ
£Ұӣվһץʱƣһ߿ƺվŶǿĶ˹
ûлˣǸϽɣȥġСӣȰŶ֡ѾʧѪ࣬ٲϽΣˡ
߶ЩģĶ˹ǿ˵˵Цûģֻǹޡ
˵ͨСӣҲȰ˵һԵĿٲ֪䡣
Ҫ𣿿ٴˡ
û뷨ԼľҶߣʱȽϺã̵ĻԼȥɡ
ʱƣ˹͸ûϣˣֻܹŴҰӣƻȽصʱƴһƴ˵漣
ԷģСӣҲ˲ö룬ŵת٣Ĳ˿ߵǣϵĻжԶŶ˹ʹ̣޷оƹھϸĲףԶԶܿŶԷȡˡҪһСٱһǣǿɾ̫ùˡ
ıͱȽϳˣֻ˹ǵ׷ŴҰӣȴһһĻᶼûСԼٶҲԽԽϣҲԽԽˡ
״ǳߵж֪ʤĽˡ
̵뷨⡣˹ҡҡͷô»ڼֱּ塣
Ǿɡˮľ
ΪĳߣɴΪεĿ׷˵ĸоĩ·˹һˣп磬ûи˵ĻᡣĵĴ˵ֺõҪж١˵Ͷ·ݵӪֱûбĴˡ
ڻһڴǰ֤ԼĻᣬǾĿ֮»ܴ迴õǲԴٴӮûġ
źҹȻ̶ֳֻȣݵĻᶼûоҪˣ˹Ȼῴ̫ˡ
ڰؾҪס˫ˣѾоеػӳȭͷȫнɢֵӰˡ
ţǲôҰӣսʽܹŹ𣿡۲ȽϸϦպ˵Ϳķ̫˰ɣ̵𣿡
ǰɫĻսɻ˵ͨϾǷǳȫܵߡʤؼҽƺóĪȫɣû˵ùò˿ߵǣŵױ鲼ĻƶʽȫͺͿ񲻴
Ȼɶ䣬Ƿƫڼ˵ĿսСӣսеţͲǿ̵ĳġ
ɲǿʦ̵ģʦ̫ƫģһ˴ѵȥˣҶɫʦСӣˮľʦʵ̫ˡһԵϦպתͷû뵽Сӣôˡ
ףģϦպͰ˹궢ˮľʵ
ʵ˵˹꣬˲֪ҲˣΪʲô֪ѵҰû㣿ˮľ̾һ˵ֻȴԶκ;ҰİǺ¹½ɲá
԰˹ʦɽоҰҲ֣Ҳѧ˲ٶ㶼ûôأһпվͲˡ
ǲְܹ˹ʦϾҲг˵ķհңòˡпնȥȥˣʱǡ
˵ķգʲôŮɽоҰö¶˾͸㲻ˡ
ˣҪúÿűҪСӣˣúÿţҪԴˡڵˮľʵû˵Щ顣
ôһôʱ䣬Ӧõ˰ɡ
ˮľĵȴʱıֳʤѪһصĶ˹ڳŲסˣ׼Сӣʮָ˿زƣ˹ΰסȻʹһŲ鸡Ķ˹صˤڵϣ׵˹ȥ
ʤߣҰӣ֪䲻ʧʱȻкҽ߾
ˣ
Ȼ㲻϶ôˣǴҰӣʵҲǱֵ쾡ˣɫĸ񶷼ɣսͷҲǳĴսӦö൱ɫΪһ̣Ѿ൱ѵˡ


75 Ŀ
ڴҰӣ˵ˮľջһսɡʤʵ޹ؽҪ̿Ҳ;ֹ̽ʸ鶼̫Ҫ
߱ϾԱ֮ͥµĸ񶷣ߵҪսʽĿΪչʾʵЩǿӮȡϵĺôˡ
ÿӵ߽ҲֻὫ̿ԵĽοʵʶһ׹ͺñȻ˺ųǿεûнܸ־ϵ¹跴Ϊһ
ҪСӣˣͥͲָܸ̫ѧУҵԺʵǿǲˣûйԵ˵Ļᡣ
֮ľΪоաɭ˵㾪ţҲأͲˣʵ̫ȫûʵСԭкڵĶԾˮľӰ£Ҳ;ֹѡɽоҰľ֮սھҰˣ˵ӱǿе״һκͶ˹ĶԾܿǵһΡ
֮ʤʵսпܾˡǶ˹˵ѪսʽǸСӣúõһΡ߲ϷôְҵúŬĻġ
֪Ķ˹̧Сӣ񣬿˿ԼȲʵĹڣҲֲԼеʲôܣ˳ڲͨ˿̨
ʱ򣬿̨ȴһٳٲһǲҶܲΪ˿ľҶǲŹʲôģȴûˣʼ˷
ѣ֪䲻òʾĿԳն飬վҰ޺ıӳ٣ȽŮ־˺ͿɵıˮľϣԸⱩ¶ʵĿˬȨˡ
־磬ڸӲˣѹ峡־ٲԸ⣬Ҳò³
˫Ĭʱ䣬Ϊǵǲľȴٳٲ
Ů־˾ôսʤûˮľʵ
̿˵ʤȻˣǲսʤͲһˣ̣ܲܽҪֵģô˵Ľһֻ֣˾ãκκô
Ů־˵ʵͿɴһ˵׼᲻¹רǰҲкܴϣġ
Ϧպǲ˲־˿϶ǲԸôȡʤġ
Ҳǣڸоûǰ¶ʵĻᣬ͸ᱻ˹עˣѹŮ־˷ǳԼǲǱϳк
ıѾʼˣ¹̵ָսʽ˵ʵ̫ˣȴʱеġ
˹꣬ղ㻹һĵ¹ӣôòеŰսƽˮľҲͼš
ϾǸŮʵ¹ȽѶԸͰɡ˹˵
ʱƵСӣӺ̨˹
ˮľʦķЧлˡ
ԼŬˮľԵ˵úϢȻỹս
Сӣʾ׵ĵͷܻɣСӣΪǺ˵ıˮľ˵Ŀɰ̡
ҲǰͶʰɣ˺Լ岻֣ϵĵһŮǻֵµģҲΥģ˳ƶΪˡ
˺;Ұ͹Сӣĵһȥˡ
ڴҿ¹ıʱǴǲˡ
ӴڰеһˣкͱױŪһҫսȥˡ
ıӳˣһϳ
ûΪٵɥʧʸ񣬿Ҳˡ
ˮľһôǿսˡ
˵ˣλҪж˵ˮľ˵
ţˮľ֣صĻôһ
ע⿴̨󷽽Ǹǲǵˡ
¶ɫʵȷ𣿡
̨սͲ㣬ҾȻе˻밵֮С
һֱ۲쵽ڣȷλԭڼƻ;ʲôֶλġ
ͷʾףȻ󰵰һ¿̨Ĳú;䡣
ȲҪûмϸСԸ
ܹͻزֳİ֮УǼ򵥻ɫȷˣ𣿡˹굹¡
ʱҪ֪ҪĿʲô̫״ݾߡ
ľĿˣҪҪȥʣˮľˮľ֪ģǲ˵ԳնⳡսľҶʧһ»ǺõġһֱӰǿѾģĿʿţ˴ԴҶʶĺˣĿˣսǰΪĿĿԡ


76 
ҡҡͷ˵ǰ˵ˣֲãҲֻˡ
ˮľһĬȻķܿ죬ڵʵʱƽĿ̫ˣ簲ŵĻ޷սڻתв£ûлʤĿܡ
ܹ취𣿡ˮľʵ
ֻܹӰǸս˱Ͳ࣬һȥʵҲ𲻵áԳɰ˹ǶȽϤˣȻʱΪͣǶ뷨֪һġڵһʱ˴裬ȴ£һֱڻָƲõ뷨ûжϾ²ϧա
Ȼ֪˹˵ʵǵսȴΪĸо൱ܡ
ΨһпܸıҲȻڴ棬ǶԴ軹ž˵ɱ裬Ҳһ׾顣ԲŻڰĵŽֻں޴ͨΣӲİɡ
ЩǰǵĶԹʵ۲
ˮľֻʱ²ʵʵ뷨ǰ˵
ò˺СӣӮˣǳϰЦ˵
ܹȡʤȻ᲻󣬵ǻпܵģСӣܹʤͱȽ˾ˣϾʵ̫ˣרԵָһʱҲ̫ˡ
㻹ȥѧɣʱӦûʲôˣڶԷ֮ǰѾмĿص۲ˡһ״ͻȫ¡
Ҿȹȥʦְ˵ɡ˵գһ֣еϵУȥ˽һСӣ˵״ȥˡ
ȥˣ˴ɲáȻˣ˹ϦպҪ뿪ˣ״ǻæġ
ȻΧ֮̾һҶԹ˲Ͼˣʲô
ֳ߱Ͼ󲿷ֶǺ޵ֿͨˣΧ¼ľҶӾҪˣƽ񶼻ȻֻܸΪսˡ
᳡ıʣϵıҲӽȻˣӲþҪֳʤˡ
־ϵķȷʵ൱ǿϷӽ޴ֱ绢񶷿ܲҲ¹ƣڱܽ¹ӰҲӵأؼһһƽ⡣
ɰ̵ʵȷʵСﰡ
Ȼ־ʱ¹Ҳûʲôð취ǲҪˣ¹ɲǷ֮һƽ߲һ£׵ĻͷԺͳɫʣΪԸɢŬҲҸ߾ܶݵġ
ɰ̴شڻӵķ֮ԴϡȱľҶڵĻ֮ȫ޷ȣ֮սսܣɰ̵Ĵʵ̫ˣһΣΪǿӰӰĪʧ٣ɰ̵ģͲķݶһᣬ޷άֹģ̫߶飬Ӷֻ߾Ӣߵ·ߣӦǿߡ
ۺʵľҶǿΪľҶߵΪӴߵۺʵҲǲģɰ̵и߲սҪľҶ߳һģҲֻѪ̴ܹ֮ɰᲢۣҪľҶΪ֮أһֱŲټϼǿ֧ţѹ˴ɰˡ
Ҳ֧ŲסƲӵľҶˣԵ뷨ɰ̾;ա
־Ϻ¹ĶԾֻһӰǿиɵľҶͼøֶɹѹأɰ̹ܲô࣬ߣӾ׼սˡ
˹˵¹ջץס˻ᣬǲľֻȻ䡣
ΣѧĿˮľʵ
˵¹裿
ͷ
ô˵أеţˮľҰӣһ˵̫ͷˣߵ绢ĴɱҲ˸һͿδܲˡ
ͷ˵Ȼĺ׼ǵʦˡ
ڳһڿԼԼѧ˲˲ģ
ô˵ɣôҲǺˣʱæҲӦõİ~
˵Сӣɣˮľҡҡͷ˵ҲԸ⣬ʲô뷨Ծңһ֣ľҶҲûܹöиһоӡ֤һһ֮ã~
ˮľĶԿ˵͹СӣǱˣĸøһһʦʱտһ»УĽ̵һ׵İ~
ƾԼҽ̰壬޷贺Ұӣ̫õĶƽ̨ϰʵزģͲˮľṩԴ


77 ΣյԤ
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ˮľûаѻ˵ҲͲھˣǾͶлˡ
ţǿ㻨ѴѪǲĿǰʲô̶Ȱɡ
ŵ˵Ǹɰ̻ѡˮ׼Ͳ̫ǡ
˵ſһԾԾԣ׼볡ǲ
ֹ̫ˡˮľòѵ̫ܲɰ̿Ȩˣɰֺ̱쳣
ţô£ʵ
ǸҰ޺ΣգǳΣգָоǶ̣̬Ⱥܳ⣬ľҶߣҰޣ˵˼˰ɣֻ̲
Ļ̥ɰ˵״⣬Ǵ⡣
ʲôΣոо׷ʵ
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ˮľε̬Ѿöˣ֪̬࣬ıɣȻľҶΪȻǵ淽ʽˮľҲ˵ʲôһѵõʲô֮Ļʵ̫˷ˣй򣬻ԼоѧȽϿס
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78 ˮľ
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ӵµϢڱ¶ϢԲܴЧǴӸʶĺˮľĴڡҪǻŵĲڣǿһһۿƣֻҪǸ֪̫վߣһҲͺ
㽻СӣϢȵ˵ɲ˵Ľֻܴɣ
ˮľһЦ˵κһӵ£ǲ򵥵Ĵڡ
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οҷģôÿһСӣҪﵽزûʱϰ
ǵǡͷͬ⣬ҪܰǵζĻǾǲ˵ˡ
ô򵥡ˮľҡҡͷκ飬޵кʹе׶Ϊѵġ
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ˮľûж˵ҲͲ׷ˣ»һ߿ıһʵôΪʲôôǵаκɣ
ʲôйˮľ˵Ϊսðɣÿһ˶ʵôǿҿֻ̡
Ҳǣ˵ģʲôָɽկʵɲһİɣ
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ȷʵԴϢнչ֮󣬴ȵĽԼ˲ģȻɽկĸ⻹ûΪƣòƵĹעʵҲͦˡ
һֱ޸ˮľϣһǳ׵Ļ飬ɽկԼҪһξ룬ŷӡӰֶվǳ֮ơ
Դھϵо˽չǾ¹⼲¼ɽкһľ۸ԼһЩµ뷨Ȼַָ̫ͬԼǰļʶʵǲƵȴӸ߼ֶεġ
ʲôһ壬նʬ̫֮òľͲˣйںµ˸ͲܸöеĵҲǲһЩοһЩۻǱȽ̽һЩġˮľеľǰһΪѶͳ˼ĸ
˵һ쿪ۣˮľҲֻǵһһЦ̽˽Խ࣬ʱƣԽһ뷨ŷͬһĿԡ
βޣԴϾฺ־ļ壬ѶͳֿƱȿƻûҪĶʵ֮ͬ
ˮľоЩɲΪһβ޵ļ־һˮľѾˣļǿƣĵӲ
ˮľҪǣβΪʲôܹ־ĵоãԼһ־òӳһμ־ٽӡհ壬ɽկļġˮľ
ȻЩ쿪ܹȡһβ޲Ҳġ
̿ԣĻˡһһֻβˮľʵԽӽһֻûСֻлᣬһԼ۸̺ô˵ĵģʱ㱻ſµҰ޻˭󼲷紫ʼ֮ǰԼΨһһܹβ޲Ļˡ


79 ֧Ԯƻ
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ǲҰ޵սѾ״УԲĴ̼Чʹģ³󲿷Ч
ڷ۵糸ٶѹ֮£ҰѾں޻֮ľˣһʱɰ֮׵ķΪôȥĻֻʱˡ
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еǧ쳹᳡ʱˮľһϵ̾ߡ
쿪ʼ˰ɣҶȲˣĵıҪˡ
ڣһƬëƮ䣬ҩʦڶˡ
ȻˣɾͲҪˮľΪǿˣֻˮľٵĳֱҩʦ
һ˱ˮľ죬ؿһٶѸٽӽһľҶֱӽҩʦɨգҩʦһȭҲڵأ¶һžȵ
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˵İ֮ˮľ˻֣ɽկ˵ţܰʲôæתͷ˵ʲôȻ߷ӡ֮ĿҲﲻæȥ֧Ԯطˡ
ͷɽկû˵Ϊֻһֵķˡ

һ·ϣ˳͵Ϯɵ˺ˮľڻص˿̨
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ָ֧ԮˡˮľǱߵܱ߻⡣
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ʱԶһıը޴ͨ޵Զõ
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Ǳоḻ³ⲻӦȥǰ߿ǱҪҽ
ðɣˡˮľ׼뿪ˡ
Ļ˳ȥտǰ̡



80 ร
˻᳡ˮľֱǰߣ˵ʲôԼĲ£Ǿδǧ活İΣˡ
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~Ц˵˵ϵô찡ҲǶĿӰôȻʹãҲֻǽưˡҲܺ棬Ŀǧ䵽ǳʲôĿĲſֽأǲСǰǻ۰
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⣬ˮľɽկʶһĻͶӰ֣ȻλӰսľݻ𺳵ıݣʱʮٴγǰĿˮݺͻҲ̾Ϊֹźڰ֮ķľݵڱΣҲ޷׹۲쵽ıˡ
ô죿޲ߡ
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Ųص˽𣿻ķ񡣡ҲẦ㣬ҪʵñɱҲԹˡ˼ɣ


81 Ӣ۴˵
ˮľߣСѾˮľķԸ׼תˡһսҲᲨҪսľݵ㡣Ŀǰǵĵֻǰװˡ
СǿôҪҪæˮľеʵսǿߣֻСֶζһ㣬ǿܹṩһ㲻Ĺʲôĵˣﲻʲôæ˾ݵļӻ
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սҽһܾһ˵ͬȥ
û£Ҳһְɡ
ţǾˡ

ĿСͬһȥȫĴ󷽣ˮľҲʱֻ÷˼ȫսȥ
ԶԶؾͿӵĸǽ޴ͻƣһȺεͶſ޸űըͣĹЧȣûܹžߵǰɰ̣˳ŸǽĻ룬ԴľҶزӾһ
ͨǷõ񼼰һõͨ޴Уֵù󲿷һӵĿˣѹ˵ûͨޣҲʵҪ½һء
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ˮľڿʹҽߵʱǲѾҰ޽֡
ҰӣѾʧȥεҰ޾岻ѡ
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ڣСӣ~Զ׼ǧԸȻͳ˿˵ܹʹǧޣ~
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ôŵһ۴Ұӣ
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˲õȸղŸԶԸˡ
ͬҲֲֻɥʧǵĹϲһٶá
Сӣһ۳̶Ȼ˵ǲд۵Ķ̫ҪСӣϣ
ϵӡԽԽˣܲдˡ
ŲģʹǧҲֲ˶ˣͶĿʹӡٴαòողŶйƵСӣ״Ȼһ
̿Ի᳡˿ĽУͶӰľݼӺڰ֮ѹƵüûл֮Գնó̾ߴз˽һµҩ
ԭΪлϵģû뵽Ҫߵһˡ
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۵Ĵ˵Ҫ˽źţܿľҶѿδˡ


82 
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·ˮľͻȻǰһ
ǣŮ־ˣ
һž֦ϻԹȥģʵٳʦ
Ȼˣû֮ĵһͲˡʱʱ仹ԣңŮ־ˣҰҲǺԶˡʵһ£סԡ
ͬʱǲԽ˸еĿҰޣѾȫɥʧ״ˣֻܿһֻɰɵè״Ű֮䡣


83 ǿ
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֧ŲסԤϵģǧʹõĴǿҪֹ޵ļˣòдӦҰԽԽҵĻػ͸֧ǱȻġ
أСӣ˼æ
ôˣСӣǵʵ˵ĻԼҽػдãֻ͸֧̫֧ŲסĻԼΪˡ
ӡѾԽԽԾ΢תһ²һʹȫ˲˵ˡ
±ҲȻ޷վȣһƨڵϡ
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˻ͷһôܣôӰôͱɵˣ
˵תͷ˵Сӣչסһ
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84 Ԯ
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85 侮ʯ
ղž޴Զͱˣǿʹķ񲢲ͬõģȻܹóôǿĶе֣ƶϳռŵģҴӶ氵ķӦ뱻ˡ
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86 ûл
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87 һ
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88 עһ
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89 ˶Ŀ
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Ĵҷɵķյֱݻһ㣬ѳƬľҰһ㾡ƽ
˵ıѹֻὫ־ŵøϽ뿪
ˮľҲʮҸղû³ç¡Ŀ̫ĻһƬ۶ϵľ֦Լ³
ˮݵĲڵĶײǱΧһжݻٵĿֲѹ
Һʱ򣬳ˮľе⣬Χûˡ
ʲô̶ȵǲȵĿԶļս籩Ϯ˲ˣ߾ȻֵܹزҲܹɱǸ˰ɡ
鲻ԽĻҰӣһ˵ʵһ֮ǰˮľʦ˵Ұ̿Եǿߣ˼ҲǶ֡
һ֮ǰʵĲѾԣҶ֪ˣ
Ҳ˵壬ˮľʦ˵һ֮˵׼
һ֮ǾڡĽž޴ĸ̫ģģòǺˣôĲ࣬Ѿ׷ˣңʲô
˵һȭʵĴߵϣֶѪ
ʵĿǰʵԲ̼ٶȣдۼǿԤкͷӦǧͻõǱҲۺѾϯˣȻȲľǲ죬ǱҲˡ
ʵǶԱȳģ֮ǰԼûϵˣѾ׷ǳԼ飬ԸΪεԼ˵ʵǲɽܡ
ˡҰӣ״Ҫǰơ
תͷʵСӣҵô
Сӣ뻹Ǿʵشǰʵ˵ѵͷˮľʦһ֮ǰ˵ʦĿǰʺģ˵Ǳߡ
ĿǰǾ˵ͲһˣǱ˵ڻộǱ̨ǱȽ׵ġ
Сӣæ͵ڶһˣҲǿˣԺڿʦָ£һøǿġ
šĵͷ
ɶ񣬵ҪȵʲôʱɱǸˣ
ǲԹ԰ʱҰ޺˵սҲӽβú͸̫ϱסغףȻ˳ûҰޣƽ˼֮
غ־ˣûһβĲӦҰսõ壬֧ŲסغӴã޴ɰ֮Ȼ̫ҲĵĲ࣬ٻʱҲˣ漴ֱʧľɽͼˣǿ֮ĩˣԱԷȭڵأҲ
ջʱ䵽ˡ
ղŲ˵ˮľ֪ĸ˳Ŀˤĵط
˵ӵǻãֻе󣬺δսһ˶ûȫκãһֺһβԿܹزѾѵˡ
Ұ޾ͲҶˣԭత˼ǧȻûʲô̫⡣ǶԱȱ˯ߣ״ѵҰ˵ɾ鷳ˡ
һ˵Ҳȷʵûʲô󰭡ûʲô̫鷳ıʣˮľҲͷˡ
תͷӽҰޣˮľ鰴Ұ޸
ͻȻˮľһѸٵĲԵҰޣȻѸٵĶ㵽һߡһķйιղˮľĵط
գǲ
Ұ޻
ɰŮ־ϡ
Ǹý㰡ôΣնһʱԮ
ˮľɵø̾ˮľҲǵһʱ뵽ľСô
־Դһı飬ˮľЦ˵ɰ̿ǵˣҰ޻㣿ٷųغף
ǲģϾͳˡ
ˮľװһı˵Ҳš
ʵɰѾˣˮľȻƤûô˵ǣ֣˵СŮֿǺлġ
ˮľǾһ͵ȡβ޲飬ʱõ˿š
ҪӮҪսپ
־ϣˮľʺ϶ԸͣΧСԼ˵ģݵɱʮ־޴̾߹ؼ汸гɫͨޡ
˵ǷӰҵĺһ˻治ܱȣ㵹ù鲻ãֻײǹϡ


90 
־׶εʵ̿ʱ¹軹ǺԣھԮ֧ԮжУҲֵúܿš¹Ѿ˼򲻹ĶҲһɱӡ״̬ܹɷĸľҶ̺ر̣ӡ״̬ĶҲ־һɱʵԱҲ̫˰ɣ¶ҲսһĴҲ̫ˡ
Ҳֻ˵߷̫ˣֻΧɱˣһʲôС𲻵ãҲĽҲʵûֳʲôɫ˫˫ԶԺ䣬ҲƶӲˡ
ڶֿˮľۺʵˮľҲǿռϷ磬аòˣ״Ҳ
־ϽŵĿߣˮľһŵҰޣȻԾȻҰһӡ
Ұ£ŵ־ϼæһѱסҰޡ
û־ңһźѹ˹æ֮־ϸܣֻ赲Ȼȫ赲ǲȫġ
նĻ־ϲòʱȣ־һӣͽŰȫˡ
ɶصĻû˵ˮľͲˮľӰ
־ϽŵĴʱ򣬱־ϻǰҰ˶־֣нһӡ鰵һ΢ͷû־ϵĺס
־ϸշֲԵʱѾˡ
־ϻڵأˮľֳ
Ҳ̫˰ɡ
ˮľȫûϵô˳׼ĺֶûó
͹ܵĸ鰡
Ȼñ˵鲻̫˭ǵˣ
ˮľӰðҰʧ
ε־ϣˮľҲͲˣӡûʲôɱˣʱ˴˼άϵ˵ЧлñΣһ㸣ɡ
ʮС㣬һᡣˮľԶһƬյأֽһСͻ¶ԵҰޡ
֪־ڸ׼Ȼģ
ó׼ľ̯Ȼˮľӡһ󻺻Ʈ˳ˮľ־ƯҰϷȻһĹâҰ֡
ҪĲʵ̫ڿǰŽ̵ˮľУĲܱ֤õЧ
ЧǾۻ귨ķӦãһ̵ľ磬׷ųһĸš
⼫ų⣬ɾںУķӦ
ΪĲٿˮľһʱ͸ܵ˽ܵľ޴ѹβ޻վ£ฺ־άһϣҪܹķɡɵĸ磬Ϊ޶ȡʱĴһЧˮľгֵʱ۲ʵ顣
ǣ־ɣֱ޻̸֮
һʱӴľˮľͶʲ˾޴ɻ;ȡ
βԴΪݣһеԲôΪ־壬ʵе֡
ˮľķҲ֤ʵһ㡣־ǶԷ籩ɺֺηֲҪԸ仰˵غ׵ĵǴڴ˳ԸģԲʲôа񣬶ƸԸ֮Ĵڡ
˵˽ʮβɾֻβޣԲΪ˻࣬ٳԲǣΪʲôζ߶β޵á
࣬ǵùеһͽҲˣԼػˡ
磬ԭǵжԹϵûΪĿԭǵˣŴͲľҹӡ˵˵һݾƫתɵ˵սƷʵɵ˺Ȼûȫֲûʧֻǲǰô׿ƣֱӲٿرӲٿأȻȨٷдͲľҹͲľʽпܵʮβ
Ȼ࣬β޵ǲϴ˵ġ࣬ˣ˴һѣֳֻβΪౣݻȴβ޵սɲпԴʧȥһϴ׵ĻᡣգͱĴϲӡ
˵һֻͥһӣôôģõõҲһ٣жأϴ󲻶ϣּҳģҸоáͬʱȻҲҲ뷨ʱ򣬻ô죿
ԭˣλȻʱѺϾǻ۵ȵ̫ԣҲ˵ʲôˣ˵һѣЩǻǶڶԭΪҲ


91 
̸ΣŴβʵҲǸв𣬳̬죬Եľβ͵βǿһβغСˡǲβԽԽǿ󣿺ѽʵβֱӴʵǿǴĶѡ
̫󣬾ͿܻʵࡣǣԶԶ˵ľͱ
ԣβԺͲϲܴ󣬵ʵʶͬС졣
βһʮҪص㣬ǿɷָԡʮβͲľǿзɶľֻβޣŴβʵԷָġβͱĴĿӰֳ֡ˮľŽߵ˲֣ΪΣԼڵľβΪڴŲˮŵľתİ޲˵ĺ֣ȷ̫ˡԻǶҰֱȽϿס
ʱƣˮľоѹԽԽ󣬲ʱӦûʲôġ
Щ鷳飬ˮľעתƵҰϡտʼûо̫ı仯ǽأǹ˾βϢٴθ֡
оĲ䣬βҲеô
ļ־һβغ׵Ĳͱ޸֮ľԴ֮ˮغ׸ոմһ˴ûв䣬ܿͻᱻܵ
ԵҰޣʶ£غ׳ֵĺʱֻΪ˥ټغһʱе󣬲û̫දһɾҲ̲סˡһӿɰӿʼҰ³֡
˾棬ˮľҲżβֶΣգҰβһ㲻࣬˼ĵطյĴţ˴򽻵ֻҪβ޻ͲôĿ£Ȼܵˣʿ϶߲ҲеġֻҪʵĽ̵²βҲܳΪ൱̶ȵǿߡ
Ұβ޺״̬ոպķôľ޴βԲٵһβغ˵ҲǱȽˡ
غ׵ĲʼɢݣһŻغײɰӿʼƮ𣬲ܿڽͣȻ󲻶ϵؾۼγһ΢͵һβغ׵ģĴΧ״
΢һβĵˮľҲǴһ漴һϲ
ԭΪֻռһû뵽ջ񡣡
β޲ָǼ򵥵⣬ʮβֳɵľŴβޣжʶβˮŷֳݣҲûʶʲô⡣
ˮľûݵʵҲûвˮŵоεļӡҪõһӵжʶġСغסףֻܼϣռȻʱһʶˣΪһȶβ޲ԴԼʵоû뵽Լͷ۵ôӭж⡣Ҳغû뵽Ļ˰עβޱϰɡ
ԥˮľѸٿŽȻպõ΢غװסĴСŽƵķΧСǿҲ֮
΢غײϵͻȴˮľ׼˽һµĽް취
ߣˮľ۹ҰϡغױųĲʶϣԽԽغۿҪˡ
ųҲͰˣڻͰѧôõķӡ
ˮľͳһᣬȻǰһѰҰϡ
ӡ
ӡѸƽϢ궯غס
ˮľ׼ĻԷӡҲǿá̫鷳˵ҰҲʵûǸҪýתȻʲôǿӡҲƵģǲӡҪȻ̴֮һɰ̴ҲáֻǷӡй¶Ĳ൱ڼǿӡӡ´ˡ
غ׷ʲôˮľٰעصŵСغףһЦȻóһӡ˵һɽկҪɽ缰ռˮľΪֻӡ⿪¶һСӰҫ۵Ľ۵õ˵Ŀ¡塣
Ϊ˷ֹǿķ͸֧ˮľһֱԼĻ֮£Ȼ˱ĲЧãҲܹԵĶ̫ŵıˡ
ź˼ΪȴСݣˮľҲԥʼðԷӡ
β޲ͬͨҸʲôͿԷӡصġ̫鷳ˮľŪߵģ˭ܱȵ˵ʣûа޲ûǹ⻷м嶼õ塣Ȼӡβ޲Ҳ׾ٵġ
ɽկˣڼҲҪˣһǰһ󲽡


92 Ϻ
ԷӡֵʱǷӡ˾βǿβ޶Ϊһһβغ׵ĲдƷ͸û취ˡû˸ţˮľķӡЧе˳ĶࡣšСغסӡ˵ĸ壬ˮľ׼һµжĿǵˡ
ӡõСغͬ˵ĸֱӷŽӡȻŲԶȥ־Ұ޷õһ𣬵ͬʰоˡ
ԭɰ飬ֻп˻Բ֪Ұ޶־ϾˣһΣ־϶ûļҰޣ˫˫˷²һοǱԭĻҪҡ

ˮľ彫Ұ޺־µʱ򡣴ͻΧ˹ؼʱֳ̡Ļң󲿶ӵ׷Ѿ׷һ˵ٶˣֻӢܹϴǵĲ
ˣΣҪҪɰ̻ϣҩʦһҽʹ࣬һŴ轨
ˡһ»ǾαװӰϢѾй¶Ǻǲͬıˡ
ҩʦÿеַ˷۾Ȼ˵ô߳ľҶĿ൱Сˡ
ҩʦһ۲Զ˵û˶Ϻһ߲
Ϻ˭Ϻ󣿡費ͷ˵ô˵Ѿа˰ɡ
ǵģˡҩʦ˵ѡѾźˡɰ̺йϢй¶ľҶʱҾһЩõԤУĵ㰲ţû뵽óˡ
รʵʱܹóģֳ֮ЩˣܱΪֵģҲֻо˰ɣ
ҩʦǵġ
ʵ⣬Ǹ״ǰЩʱɱĴĿӰó𣿡
ҩʦ˵̶Ϊ˶ģҲȫԸΪȥֵεĻˡ
Ծ壬Ҳֲ֧˶ˣõ취̼һ£ٿž˵־ʱǿǱȽ׵ģ˶ˣھԮУؾҲ޺˰ɡ
ԸΪȥҲ𣿶
ȻҲҡҩʦ
ǻǿɿζ˵㣬һҲأ
һжΪ˴˵롭
ҵ룿ˣ˵ģѹԽԽ󣬴ҲԽԽ
쵽ˣǰ档
һԽһƬסʱڿһĮľǰšæӭӡ
̫ˣƲãˣҪϽ뿪
ܣҪȻô۴ˣһĴһҩʦͺڣǿëȻ
ɣûп޾Ҳûˣ˾ͽˡ
˽츳ƢԵĴ˵ףֱõദʽ
ˡķӦȻûгϣͽˡ
Ҳֻҩʦǿ㿿ף°ܽӷھĿ֮УֻΪϣԸǿǲڰˡ
ҲһδѾҵ˸õԭΪ󱸵ԼȻʳɫ޷Ѫ̲ʹòʹԼѾǵһѡˡ
ϣǸǲ㹻㣬ܹϴ˵־ɡ
ܹڽ֮ǰΪ𾴵Ĵף΢һóѾǷǳ֪ˡ
ߡԸ漴һ˷ٶֻ¾һľҶ׷
ҼǵþӦò֪ǲİɣ˵ģȻ˽жҲ̫˰ɣͱ˵֮ӡһֱǱġҲһֱԴΪ٣ʵǺҩʦ˵ǰðϺȻʵˣǶϺĻһϣҲȾ١ΨһĿܾǾ֪ԼǴѡˡڱ֮ǰ׸裬ؾǾִˡ
ǵģܱǸˣþж㹻־ȼʵû취䷢ӳá
Ȼ˵еҪסɭ˵ҵĶֻҲܴãϣûһˡ
ˡ
ڴ轥нԶʱ򣬾ҲʼľҶʱһμʶǿַʬĿֲ


93 
뼼ɷӵһ̶ȣЧֵ뾡¡Ƕ֮һӵ£ҲǼΪֲġӵв磬µļɿֵܱòԣǼµȷеģǾǰŶݼףؿĸش̵ʵӰ̵仨ˮԺһβغ׵Կ·磬ؿ˰ţ硣
¾߶ûеＫ£߽ϲЧҲ㹻ѹ󲿷ֵˡѪ޽ʬǽϵƷӵΪֲĳ̶ȡȫͷΪսʽʹøûܹϵƸ޷ѹԶĿ｣ھĸ֮߳¸˲õĸ߼ִʽڸǰûʲô
ھɱķʱ̿Ի᳡Ѿõ˳Ŀƣߵͨʱ䵽ˣصضľߣûָӿƣҲһЩȽѶԸҰްˣǵļֻ󲿷Ѿɾˡ
ڸƵɽկͻȻоˡ
Ȼ֪߲̫пܻеˣˮľǾĻͷ
㰡Ǳûˣ
޷ͨˣһʵߣŵ£
ţоô
̫áˮľҡҡͷˣϾǱ⡣ңҽ߻̫ˡ
ôߣеҽͲչ˵ùңһսûͣЪǱߵҲߺö١
ͺãҲ֪طôˣղŰ˹ͺȥ֧Ԯǰߣٶ죬ȥ׷ˡ
Ųˮľͷ˰ɣ
š֣ı飬ز̫ã͸ǰһ
˵ǿʱ򣿡
ҩûδˣѾڴҩʦ֮£ûûӰѾʧȥΪһۣǰǿģȥܱ¶̬Ҫöˣ
ŲҪ£ˮľĹ۵ʲôܾǶߵĲأû˾Ǹġ
šÿɷ񣬡Ҳ֪ôˡ
ѧҪеģұǱߣǳµġˮľ˵òĵǱߡ
ˮľŲǱʾһ¡
λôԸʱȡ
ĿǰҲڣλҲֳӰս־ŲزǻӰӣǻӰĶѼӻ飬ֳߵˣʲõʱָӹ٣Ҳպûش壬˵൱ĻܽĿӰλӡ
ڲǹЩʱ򡣡Ȼǿ˵
еǰȷɱȷʵá
ˮľͬĵͷ˵ĶԣҲҲڡ
Ҫȥǰ֧Ԯˣȫߣѹܴ󡭡
ţȥæɣȻ
ľ뿪ˮľһ½ӲֱۣȻ˿ܡ
˲״ԭضˡԭԲôġ
ʵ磬һֺı壬ûˮľĺЧӦ˵Ǿͻ
ڴˮľѹǲھΣΪʲô֮ʧ֮дǡľãĲԼ硣
岻ģⲻе뷨Ӧǵ顣
ˮľãԾԮԼû
ֿ̧˿ƵĲ
Ҫ񣬵ǲҪٵ˼񡣲׻Ὣη
ҡҡͷˮľĨȥԺе뷨˿־Ųڰٺ󣬿ʼ̨ȥ
ôȲȥȨкϵˢڸôӰλþȻҪӳ룬־Ųںڰ̫ˣϰ߹Ѿʧȥˡ֪ҲڴӰɣҲˡ
ľҶԶĴУˮľһ򵥵ĻУƣͻȻеһŶ
ܹ࣬ϤƽҵĽ磬ǴҰӣˡ
ȻһƾճֵĲƼֳ˴ҰӣǲӰ
ôˣ˵ǳô
ҿսѾƽϢԾ͹Сӣ͵˿ŵˣôˣ
ûʲôΣˡˮľǱߵҰȥһ£˵еأ˾ˡ
õģˮľʦСӣ߹ʼҰ򵥵ơ
ˮľͶǲ˵ûʲô˰ɣ
ʱûˣǻܶò
ˡˮľͷϵķӡѾȶˣȥϢһ¾ͺˡ
ˮľʦҲ


94 Ĵ
ԼóɣˮľҲǷǳġ뵽һ὾ԸĿ˵ǲԼԵƽߣҲġ
㲱ϵӡͷӡǶһ޶ĶЩֲܣ׵Ļʦľ
ӡֶʵ̫鷳ˣǣĶ̫࣬ĶĿǰѾ˲ڻǣ浽ǲʱ
ˮľԸ˵ҲʧҲû˵ʲôϾһֱ˶ûʲô顣
û뵽ôǿҰ޻䣬ˮľʦæ˴Ӯ𣿡
ǡˮľϵ̶ֳȵսҲ岻֣һ˾ʹҰޣȻԼҲˡ
Ȼôֱ˵Ӿǲļģˮľ̶ֳȵ϶ѣЩľòĵ⡣
ˮľĻɵÿŻԲѵ˳
ˮľʦ֪óЩ޴Ĺʲô𣿡һᣬǲ̲סʵ
Ȼ˵е磬Щ黹ǿԸ˵˵ġ
ˮľĻʱע
Ұ޵֣Ϊ⣬̽͵ҲֻѡõľͱȽϳֻͨһ֣ĴС˶죬ٻȮɣʵһġ
Ȼһģҿѧ𣿡Ұ֣һһָãȻȽҲͰˣˮľ˼ƺͨټɲöȿġ
ˮľ̾һѧȻûģͨأͨܲ
ô˵
ͨ޵ܶ࣬ǿͨ޶Ǹ˽أҼʹǿͨԼʱҲﲻЧͨһ̶Ҫѭȼ۽ġûǿĲҲٻôǿͨޡ
ҲڴĽ̵ʵֻʮԶϵƾǾ󲿷˲ܱȵġԭдҰӣϡٵĲܹͨӡͰٺ֮ܵġǲ̳֮۵壬ܻڻǲ⡣
ˮľĻǲɵһʧ
ѵû𣿡
ţĵĻˮľȻУ
ˮľζĶ˵ڴӡɣ
˵µе㲻Ȼĵͷ
Ļشˮľһ۱ڸҰƵĴҰӣ
ҲڹסߵĻ
ÿһӦĴ۵ģ׼Ļûס㡣ֻǣӡãǻġ
𣿡૵ĵȻٴˮľһʱЩơһᣬˮľͻȻͣϵĶȻվ
屻ˣٶȺܿ죬ⲻżȻڿ뿪ľҶ塣
ôˣˮľʦͻȻĶСӣҲ
вԣ˸ϽصӣסʦüͷˮľԸȻǳߣǾ벢Զ

ʹľԽԽľҶߣҲظеԽԽˡսľҶ˵͵߲֪٣ҹһѪ޽սʽȻ٣ǲûӦԷǰȻտʼʬս˴Ǻܿ͵ս
˾أҲ׷ɱЧǸӷӳԼԶսսʮֳɫس޶ȵ赲ľҶ׷
ľҶһĪչʱľҶ޵ˡ
˳̶ȵߣѵһңȥ׷˰ɡ
ʵؿٶ׷ãҲǷ֮ԿͻƻǿԵģǲó׷Լһȥʵǲʣøó׷ٵǰȥȽϺá
һ˵󻰵ôһЦװؿϡ
ؿûĲмһ˵Ȼǿսܿϧû̫ʱ˷ѣţûκԥؿó˰Ŷݼס
ţ
ڶŴ򿪣ʼã漴ؿٳһľҶľҶֱӽɨգ˲еľڲľء
ţڿ޴ľûӦٶȼؿڱת۾͹̶ס˾壬ҪôӰҶսؿͻȻоԣѸٵһȭֻɣ˳ƽԶ룬һĹǴ̻ˡ


95 ûеȵ
ھѪ޽ĹƲؿһСľͳ˵Сŷ˿ȻصؿͿɵľײһլصˤڵأһƬ̳
ؿóѸٰԼ˿ڰáȻĿŲԶľ
ȫͷܹΪ˲Ѫ޽簡ؿеľ֣ȻһеʹָˣܹӲĹǼװ𣬼ֱ޴֡
Ѫ޽ãѾ˾׵ĵزͬΪҹһˣҲԾ츳岻ѣСͽɣֻսʱŻųƺʹá
Ȼʱľӷ˳
ʵ̫Сˡ˿׷Ѿô˻ȥ׷ȥˣҵѾʧˣѾôãشѾԶˣܹסǿѾ㹻ˡ
ûؿľ׷Ŀǰ״Ļ㹻ӳˡʵڲУڿӡ״̬ƴϺľҶ߸׷ϴˡ
ǰĵʵ̫ʧˡ
ӵе֮ӡľһʼδʹӡֻѹԽԽ󣬲ѿӡĵĿǰӡһ״̬ӣԲؿĶ֣ԣԥóӡ״̬ɲݣٲǰ㣬ŵһβͣԲе٣ϡֱԼϵĹǴ̣һͲװƷɱ
ӵĻսӦܺƥˣôͿʼɡ
ٶȶΪߵľֱؿ֮ѾӾƶٶȣֻܿһģĲӰ
һʱ֮䣬λϵǿߵսԽԽӽȻߵٶǿͲֵܹͨļˡ
սֵķչԾ˵ؿʵʬ˵ʵڲöԸѻƶԷ˵Ҫʱ֪ͻȻðĹǴ̹
ֻó˱ʵϻؿռŵģǹؼľҶĸȭֱֱȥĹʽʵ̫ˣٶѹֵսʽ𲻵õʱ򣬾ʬеսʽһ̶ѹƵؿʵķӡ
ˡ
ؿս츳׾жϳȥ˭Ҳò˭ֻΪ־ս˭֧Ųסؿֵ׳壬;ֶε壬ƲһĴ󣬲Ҳϵ̫ˡ
ؿԥʱ˾Ȼ׼
ţ
ʽؿϿʼðɫ졣
źٶٶؿѾܱѹƵˡ
ţ
ſؿƾٶȣѾԷˡ²ľҲʼؿ
ʮָ
˲䣬ָǻΪֱؿǣӿĲˣֱӽʮָɣ𲻵ʲôá
ţ
ŵؿóһƬĲʯõɶ𡣽ţؿԶ෴Ӧٶȵƣգ֮һľҶͽ߷ɡֱʱؿĵűķƷ
ƲľҲǺ޷Ӧʬ֮óʮӲĹͷЧ赲ؿĹڿ޷ڽһȭУ󲿷ַĹͷ飬û˲䱻塣
ؿҲǺջû˹Ǵ̸ţžӦʱɱ޴ӰҶó˴ӿеֱ£ըֱγһӡ
̳ɢһӰΪ˶ܾûܵĹ
߻֮衣
̳δɢɼɵĹǱޣֱӽеؿţţУ¶˰ڵϵľ
ӲȳߵĹͷΪܣûеͷӲܲסѾʼӰսˡ
ó߻֮裬ԭȻɱȴֻʱˡ
Ҫˣǲǿѹִ˻ԼΪսܱڲϹӲдöˡֻϣ˵㹻ɡ
ʱסؿûưոݵ˼
ţ
˵ŵؿֱҰޣȫīɫӿȻֱ˹ǱޡһŻк¡
ȸ
ٹĳͻֱӽ·ľûһȸһ֮ʤ˶ۡվһԴŴؿſӵ׵ľ嶼Ѿǿĳ
ѵõĺöְǿ߾ˣΪʲôҪΪֶ
ؿʻֻʣһľŴˣˣСֻսҷֲЩҪʱǶûгֻ֣дˡ
૵ϸҲûˡĻؿҲԶԣӴϣ±ľҶɡٿû˺ľϢؿٴγȥ׷ˡ
Զɭеˮľ壬ʱȴΣС
תˣٶΪʲôӦð
һУǿʹԸǱ߲ԶˣֱӴȻȥ׼ת


96 ʱ
ԶԶĸоһԽԽӽˮľŶԲߡʱӽľҶƻβˣҴææ˳˴裬ʵ벻˭ˡ
ˮľ˰΢е㷢ȻƽֱۣٿһһʹŲӵǲ
ҵӡǱȽȶǲӡ̫Ծˣ̶ֳȵĹֱָ·һڴĸ֪УΡ
ˮľʱ֪ʲô飬´˼еôȤģҲֻǲˡ
ǱԤ֮˵øأŻôеתɡ
˿һήҵú޷ˮľ֪ʱôץô϶ˡûɴʵֻǴ׵ĸ
ˮľʦҰӣ˿ʹĿˮľϣˮľ⡣
ˮľҡҡͷȻ˵úÿˡ־ϺҰޣעⱣΣҪ뿪
ʱˣսʵ̫ͻȻһΪԭζأͷǳѰˡ
׼ô죿
Һˡ˵ŵˮľȻ׼뿪Σ뿪УɰҲûϵ
˵ˮľʹ뿪˽硣
ʵռƣǾԲǣ̫ˣĿǰԼܹѡս
ǲ֣һ̶ȨҸʺԼӵĵطܸõʱȴԮ
ÿǿУԼһӦʱ䣬ȻشԮΪʲôһЩôǿӦĶ֣ѵ۸С̫ˣ
ˣˮ£ҰӣɽоҰǲ̺͸ղŵ־ϣˮľҲǡսˡԸĳкҰ³ҩʦǰ;жˡΨһϴľɭԴû뵽λôּˡ
ˮľʦҪȥСӣ𣿡ˮľʵ
ţĻˮľʱ᣺Ϊڶܣ
𣿡һ㶡
˵Ŀ㣬㲻ڣǺܰȫ

ȣѾһӱߣˮľ
ˣעչ˺ԼһҲһй㡣
ãֺǿ
Ȼ᲻Ҫ³çڲʺսһĿǰӦġ
˵ˮľ˷ʱ䣬͵˺ġ
󣬱ҶǧҪдۺӡ
֪ˣףˮж
ˮľ΢΢һЦûйͣҧ˫ָȻѸٽӡ
ͨ
̺ķӣԭڲԵˮ֮µĶʼ¶ò
ˮĸͨޡˮľʦͨ
ֻԭ͸ĴˮĸʼҫŹȻΧŨ
Ӱ֮л
ȻŨܹʹôΧʵϵĻ磬ǰǸֲõĽ߼ˡ
̶ֳȵĽ磬Ȼô˻ᡭ
ɭսʵԲһξԼ˴û뵽һ»̶ֳȵĻ󣬶ʱԼߵʵԱȳƫ
ûʱȥչ飬ˮľٴνһܻҩˮУ漴̳ѸӣڱˮµĶ
ˣע⣬Լ˵꣬ˮľӰһΣŨʧһᣬ˾ͳںӱߡ
Է׼ˡҩʦüͷĴ˵ֿܹտĺ沼ý磬ˮв塣ɫˮˮ岻ӦڵֶΡ
֪Ҫ˵
״㲻öΣգҪʱڳļ˶óֻսˡԭƾʵӲ󣬵ѵʱԤˡҲǴܵ顣
ȥԡԸ
ǡȻûʲôˣǲٳŨ֮С
ڽй۲ŵ˵ˮľҲ΢һ
״ܲԭǱƣҩʦԺãʺ״ˡֻҪ֣ʱȵĴزپˡ
ڸղţˮľеֻ׷ԴĲǣȡ֮ġ
ڽˮľûзϣսݴͣ״ʱ䶼ĻˮľҲûӺԴΪ׵̶Կˡ
Ҫսұ֤תӣǲ˲ĺˡǾ仰ô˵ţǳˮϺϷƽȮֻۡˮŲסԼ
վڰߵˣҽУȻϲ˼ö޵Ǳ˻˫һϵ˺ۣһжᡣ
ˮĸ֣ӻƵҩʦܿͷ˵ϵ쳣
ˮ»кöֹδ˵ͿˣˮҲȫ̳סˣ̫ϮʤˣֻǶԷƵģֻǿֱӹˡ
Ǹʱ䣿跳˵ͻΧͼĵ˴󲿷ֵȥһԼû٣ʹҪӡɷľݾͲ˵ˣ޴ڹͯ裬֩ͲˮϲԵͣԶ̹ͲˣӰѾˡҲĻսһ֪ȶֻǿȫûҩʦǱֺһɱҽسԸֽҲס
ĵĴͻȻ࣬ȻS֣Ѹ쳤ֱӴ̴ŨȻҽһͨŨһ
һƢĴ𲻵Чֻ÷ϵõǲ뷨
ߡҲԥѸ뿪
һг䶨еŨУˮľŴˮл
Ǿأˣá


97 ʧ
Ȼգʵͽ˵ӦԵõĻʵвСĿܶɹѹصġֳȫߵơֻҪ׼սͷ㣬ҵʺϵķ⡣˵ûߣǴߵˡ
ô׾ˣûˮľĸ֪鱨ƣǲͲղ˶ôǿĵˣڹŹǰһ˶
˶˻߲״̬滹дӵ׷Ӳƴǣġ
ʵӴǲΣˮľǳʧǲ˵һûȱΪǿߵȷʵ츳Ѫͳʦ̵Ǳֳֻ̬а뼱ꡣжԼʵҲû׼ȷжϵʵԺϵĻʣȴ˵ŬӶమɱ˵ú˵˾ˡ
ֻС˼νߣˮľ̫ࡣڵı˲ԶˣĿȷһһ̤ʵصŬȴ츳һ졣
Ȼǲ˳ۣˮľҲûıʲô̳֮۵ǲһ壬ΪǿѪ޽дۣͼΪƫԣԾΪأԣǲ˵Խƫִд۾Խǿֻмµĸľ񲨶ܿͲдۡĪѪ޽ʽˮľʵ߻ħҲһ֮ңˡɱֳ֤ͷβаֱ
ʹˣˮľһҲûһУս߼壬ڵĵˮľԲϲǻڷ˵淽ʽҲ˵ģ˵׺ԼûϵһΣҲֻǾһľҶ̺ʦ󱲵ˡ
ˮľĽͣͷҪȥ
ȥСӣϣȻشӣסصӺ󣬳˿ʦ˭ҲҪţ㡭
ûӰԳնѹһţ񣬲֪ʲô۶ӣˮľѾȫžˡ
ʱҪԼע⣬ԭԽԽɿˣﲻǶ£ʵ硣
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ǲþͻ֪ˡ˵ˮľݸһŷӡڶͷעԱš
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ˮľҡҡͷ˵Ȼȥ·Сģһ񡣡
·Ͼ׷ӵΣӦòˣңԼȷʵе
ǲԶԶ뿪ˮľתͷſһӰ˵˶ˣ
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֮ǰǸսӴİɣֽźסֺأˤҷǳǳʹҩʦƺµͷûץңеأ
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֪ģܻ֪ġҩʦһЦ
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ۻ귨־κһֶŷǳļֵģǾʵ֤ģ͸۲
ˮľĻҩʦشתôҪҸ㽲Ч𣿡
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תּĽˮľûʲôָġû·ûԼǵϻӰܹӴĻἸΪ㡣
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תҪȻԷô󷽣ˮľҲʼּۻۣҪ֮ȫӡһһ
ˮľĻҩʦһ㶣ⲻܣ̫ˡ
ڲҪףԼġ
޷ҩʦܾ
ܣ޷ˮľǲ⣬ŻȻ򣬡ԭˣǴҪף㿴ҵĶô
Ƕ֣ˮľҲòҩʦ۹⡣Ǯɲã˵ټӵ㡣
˵©죬һ¾ͱˡҩʦɵÿЦ
ľҶĽʬ⾡ִоĴĿˮţٵľҶĽ֪ܲ⣬˵費֪ͲˡֻԸԸ⣬ԲôжҩʦֲֵļһŵĿԾͺܴˡתҩʦزİҪȻҲֳô󶯾ҲֻΨһĳȡˮľˡ
ѹֻ˽ôңԭ˽
׼㹻ĳҡײƭɣ߲͡ҩʦʱһ䴩ӰԴ
ԶŴҩʦͻȻɫһ䡣
ôˣߵĴϸо쳣
ûʲôˣϺӰɵˡ
ţЩС£ӿٶȡ
ʧôϧѵֻԼȥоҩʦźš


98 
ľҶУˮľɽկѾȫɲóˣѾظġصԱˮľҲǷǳΣټҽĻͲάִˡ
ҽߣ̫ϡˡ
ҽʹõǰĲͽһƱ˵⣬ټϸ弰ʵȵҽѧ֪ʶ̲ӲָˢˡʣĲǾӢҲԶˣ·Ҳδػҽ߲ôһĻҽ߾͸ˣԲ״⻹ҽľҶӾ͸Ӳ֪ªʲôزˡ
ĿĽֵϣˮľҲʱҪ˰һ֡̿Ի᳡ƽӳ˴ս֧Ԯɰ̵һߵսսֽľҶķбϾľҶǵһֻ֯ҪӦԣɰ̻ǲۺʵĲ໹ǷǳԵġ
ʱƣڵһߵߺͨҲʼԾȻȡΧ˶˵ĬĬŸ顣ղܰԳƣǲ˾ѹ֡
һȺǿ˰
һδսŬŵˣ־ƷʱҲԼܴԹ̬ȵ˾ò
ףʲô
һƬǽս֮䣬ˮľһЩͬѰĶ
ǹͷѵ˵
ˮľϸһܣֹȻһЩûʰɾĹͷƬ
ǾôˮľеĹͷƬ˰սжϳսǷֳʤģľҶû䣬ôǾô
һŪ꣬ϧˣ¹𣬽ûиı䡣
ˮľôһôй䣿
㰡ݱ١ˮľͷﲻǱ壬ڿھԮ̵аɡ
šݱٺɵĴˮľһ£ǲ̫ˣȻάһƽǱѵɡ
ȻʱɽկʵڵȱˣܰæС
ԣұнѼƻֻһֱ̫æˣû취˵Щˡ

̴֮ս֮ͨսǺܴġ̴ֶάŵĶ̬ƽûбƵʱսһա
ˮľϻشӵʱľҶѾʤˡ
ϣˮľáˮľһ˾ȻԳɰ˹꣬˵̫ˣˡ
˹̣˵ɰѾͶˡˮľһ˵Сӣˣûʲô°ɣ
˹ͷõģǺܺá˾ȣȻ²һβ˲ŵսɰ̿ܣټĴĿӰѶûþͶˡ˵źݺݵسһ̡
첲ϵ˺ѪҪҰæ𣿡ʵ˵ˮľⰢ˹ʱ̬ȡսʧأ飬ֻԼ֪ˡ
ػ̵ˣξսѵ飬׼˰ɡ
һװʵԤʾսֿܵĲң̴֮ĽɲһСС֡
ˮľĻ˹ɵİڰ˵ⶼƤˣûģȥ˰ɡ
ҲãҾȹȥˡˮľͷȻǰȥ
ԶԶأˮľܿһͷƯͷСӣһȺŹҽм䣬Եرۡ
̶óô
ôŵˮľϽ˹ȥʱѵ֪ΪɫĴҰӣһˮľ
ߣˮľʦСӣԶԶĴк̫ˣǿԮ
ˮľҲͼƵҽߺ˼䡣ҽԺס˽һ£κҽߴ򽻵ˮľҲмˡ
СӣȥϢɣȻȥ˺ͻȥӦõȼˡ
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ˣôˣҪһۻСӲ͸֧̫á
˵˵ˮľ㽫СӣȰˡ
ˮľһڿɻƴʱ򣬲Ȼĸ飿
ǰһҽ߸̾ǸСǿţʣ޼ˡ
ⲻϻôԴҰӣʣȺͶ˹һЭԿһβų;ѺԱҪʹҽߣҪϢܣһͲˡҲôʹġ
Ϣһظȥ
˵ţˮľ߽ʱĲ
ľͷĽصľݰɣղûƵˣӦòˡ
ŽԱ½½ͻľҶҽԺĹԱˮľҲûжţǿûʲôԱҪȵģȱסĽרҵҽ
ˮľһסˮľ
㣿ˮľȵĿǰӰҲˣ
ɽҶ
սƺ̫˰ɣơ
ɽҶȻһȣ
ôģ
ˣˤɽҶε˵
СˮľĴָЦЦˮľȴûгЦ˼ҪôҵսŻĹȻˤȣʵǿġ
ϲӳôˣ뿪ʱ򣬾ƺ̫á
ɽҶָָԶڽɭϲûʲô󰭣Ҫһ˰ˡ
Ǿͺãôе֣
㲻ҺòôʵûطˡˣҲŵġ
̴֮ðôˣҪһŴడ
ʲôܰæôɽҶЦˮľʵҪȵġ
඼˰ɣӦûʲôҪģҪôѾ˻ҽԺҪôûбҪˡ
ˮľ̾һô
ⲻ㣬ﶼȱ֡
šȻô˵ȥоܹ鲻
ȷʵһҪ㿴ڻԲѡ
ţ˭
ɽҶˮľһС棬ָŲϵ˵
ϴ춹


99 
ˣǿұԻˣ׷ʲô
ϴ춹ˮľҲ˽ģԲѵĻӡԪס
ǱʲôԭսԽԺľ˲ȻˡɽҶ
ϵǸһֱ״̬𣿡аӡãǺûȫӡĻԾһ΢΢ɢҲûǱ˼
״ˮľҲ̫˽⣬ϴ춹֮ӡϵʱ൱磬ʱҲûʲô̫޵ı֣Ȼͱˡʲôӡ״̬֮ĸûе£ôӡûзʲô仯˵׼
ˮľǰִһϴ춹ϵӡ
Χȣ¶Ըߣûʲôر
ˮľϵİƷӡ״ȶӴԾ״̬֮ӡ˻һ㹲⣬Ҳûǰ궯ĸоˡ
ղ˭𣿡
־Ųسϸո
ţˮľǳ죬ʲô
ѵͨϴ춹ȷϴ״̬ô˵ĻŲҲǶӡ˽𣿿ŲغʹϵԼеҪĶࡣ
ˮľ⣬ɽҶҲǺ֮ǰǲǰ̻ʱŲسҲڣƺҲǲûгɹ
ร˭ֹˣ
ǵġɽҶͷֵطˣ˼ɵȻûҲϣȥֵط
ˮľ˽ɽҶ˵ǡ֪ڵĲ࣬Ҳ٣΢еܻ֪ģɽҶԵһࡣ
ǿòĵ顣ˮľľҶĺڰ˵̫࣬ɰôˣǸһβ
ҽԺˣŲسƺ֣Ǳλ
ôˮľȻҲ㲻ˡ
ΪͶһȻܳȡǼΪɻ飬ӵĸ棬ִʧصʱ򣬾͸Ӧý֦ˡŲʱǿӲֶΣԤ֪ĺҲˮ׺תСɽܵġȻʤˣȡҪ飬޷ڷ²βֽŵĻʵĻ֮ߡ
ЩԺ˵ɽҶߵϴ춹ʲô취ô
취Уα겻αʱ㹻ˡˮľܸоеôҲֻǵû֡
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ˣڴҪֵʱѹڳһŲҲð
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ս֮ɡɽҶε˵ûæҹƾͻزˣǻɡ
ɡˮľҲνһˣϴβ֮ҳԷĳŵûжְɣծδǷծ
ģȼˣһȥһٴͰɡ
Ҳáԭ׼ٿһЦˮľҲס죬ˣ˰ɡ
ˮľԤУȷӡЧȥõĻþˣһʱĻܾͲֹ̫ˡ
˵꣬ˮľó˷ӡᡣ
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ⲻô̫ˮľ˵ǸСǰͱˡңҪӡԺҪˡ
ͷҲû취飬˭ʦأ˵һβϵǸӡӵİɣӡϴľŽ⿪ķӡˮƽѾԶԶˡ
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ڲ׽߸òˡϴ춹ӡָ´ƽ״̬Ȼѹյһݣƽ֮ӡȻͱѹˡϴ˵˷ܼӪأܿѹ


100 
ϴ춹˵ʵûбҪӡԼʵѾˣҲûǸȥ̫ǿӡ˵ȷʵǺôûܵ٣һΣȴǳء
ѹϴ춹ʶǺƺáֻͽ͵һ¡Ȼͷˡ
ӦûʲôˡˮľתͷɽҶ˵һҪľˡʧ˾ͽҽɡ
лˣˮľɽҶ˵
ˣͽ㴦ˡ
ǱɽҶˮľͿǰ˳
ʲô£ˮľʵ
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ţ㻹ȷʵ㡣λҪ㡭
ңʲôģˮľʵԼˮ׺תСϤԼϴ׺ͼټǣӦûʲôҪ鱻ϲŶԡ
˵Ǹҩ˵Ȼûнǣֱ̫ˣĸ߲벻עⶼѡ
ȫҩȻ棿
˵ĻҲˮľʹ轻սļֻԼɽկˣ
ʲôʱ򣿡ˮľҲеΪѣȻ״Լɽկ֮Ҫʱһ棬Ҫǽ䣬Ϊֹ߻û棬ԼͲ֪ʱϸڡûлع飬ֻԼ֪ɽկûˡ
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ҲãǰһȥҪȥˮľҲˣҵķȥ𣿡
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ؿǼԼӡϵ裬ҲǲͶҽʡ
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Ҳ˹ģľɽĻ˵а취
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аӡӡ˭ųġҲҪˡϴ춹ôȥˣûʲô¡ԾͲˣаӡܾ񿨿Լ˵ȫĸ־һĸ˵ǸЦ
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˵ԭûʲôϣĿͻȻе㾪ϲ
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ǿҲûãҪǸʵĶ
ӡ̥ӻʹõҲһ߼ʲʲôʱõġ
Ǹô
һַȻܽӡܹȹ̾񣬼ǿĵֿӡʴ˺񡣵Ҳиáˮľд۵һ㡣
ˮľƳ߳׷ӡӡĿǰοԼİƷӡĴãһִ´ࡣ˺Ǿ׵ö࣬취̫ȹ̵ľ񣬽󽵵Ͳʹ񲨶дܵӰ죬ĻͲĿԾ͸ˡ
ôһ˵Ȼдô˽⣿
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Ӧõġ׼ʲôôң鷳ܲҰ׸ɻɣ
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ˡˮľ̾һ˵ʱһ˽æ
׼ȷ˵ÿдæ
ô˵ˣʲôʱ
ɣҲҪ׼һ㶫


101 ˵
һ䰲С֮ڣˮľջʩչӡ֣Ȼǰɽկ˵ѾˡȻеʱҪ͸֧̫ء
֪ˡͷɵ˳ˡȫʧˡ
ˮľ徲һ¸ոӿԺļ䡣֮ĺЧӦɵĴ¹ʣˮľҲ𾪲ѡ
Ĳ¼չĹؼֻڹؼĵطһ㲻Сãı˾޴󻹲֪ʲôˡ
ɽկ˵̫ԶڿʼܾͲǰôƽˡ
šˮľͷҪ˰ɣ
ף׼ѾˣҪսƷоɹΪʵˡ
ȻǹؼֻʵӲһᰲźãнչͻ֪ͨ㡣ͼƻõĲ裬Ҫеһˡ

˽⵽׼ȷ鱨ˮľֺͻݱٺ˼䡣Ȼ˵ϹϵöϤϾҲǾ򽻵ͬ¡ϵܵҪ֤ġ
Ǳݱ٣ɫˮľǳջһ˼ңϴϾæµһ죬ս糾͵ģҲȷʵ˿˲
ʱˮľʼǰӰ칫¥λӰְȨĹʾõҲáϾԼӡ󲢲ãתСһ˵ȡӡ֮¼УתСͶˮľΪˡһΣҲ֪᲻ʲôԼõΪѡ
ˮľ˺þãҲʵ벻Լʲô׵ΪʲôѱץסΨһ˹עģֻȫҩۻ귨ɽկˡʲô⡣ۻ귨ȻأΪоزϽˡȫҩͳֲùˡΨһȽİľɽկˡ̽ϡŹֵķˣɽկĿǰֳȻ˵ʮɫɽկķһʲôľˮ֮ĻĻҩʦ̫֮죬ת֮ȵȣֱǿûˣдѪ޽綼ģ⣬ʵ̫˼ˡ
ôһĻˮľҲ΢ġ
ӦֻѯʣӦòʲô鷳
ںòľҶȺˮľ˵ٳʲôʣǾ̫źˡսۿҪʽˣûп׵֯ӻͻ첻ȥʲô˶ǲǹ⻷齨ʲôСӡӥСӡ֮С飬ֱܺײģж䵥ɵ³ˡһҪǱǶͽ˶Ͼˡ
Ӱ칫¥ȻľڵԼˮľһ
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˼ľҶȺ׵״̬λִƴӴȨǳ֮ƣϾԲ˳뾡ѡһµĻӰֲִҪġ
ҵĵλڻֲҶɣˮľʵ
ͷҪ˵㣬Ҷ˵ʲôĿη
һ㿨˵ĺܶԣСʱҲӰжϡңվӣ̫ǵȻˣˮľԼĴȶϣʱ̫Щ鷳ӰԼ
ˮľſӰ칫ҵʱ򣬷Ѿкüˡ
λʣ־Ųأϴ̣һԵļһοûϺĿԳնˡ
ˮľǰǰˮľȸλ
ţǰصˮ׷ԸЩҪ㡭
ǡˮľߵǰ棬λʵ⡣
תСʵĿڻ˴ʱһֺǿĽҩṩ𣿡
ԼøĿҩˮľһŭԼ֪ûһ磬ĿȻʹʬ⾡ȥľҶ߲֪ҲΪûʹԼȫҩϾ˻ȥ·Ҳܻ˴裬ԳնҲܻˡһĪʧ˵ܹ⡣ϲ̨ôܹڴ֮ͥ˵ڣ˵ٶҲֻᱻΪǽƱ磬ӺĿӰñ˵Ҫ۵Լͷˡ
ҴûиĿṩҩˮľɲ뱳ڹҩֻ¹⼲ɽҶ˵ҩɽҶʣµһ֡


102 ׾
ˮľ˵ǵҲǽƱ磬ҩֶòȫԼҲǿοֲˮľҩ׷ˮľξе㲻ˡʱ鳶ΣͲǽˡ
ˮľĻλҲûʲôرıʾҲǲ֪ľ
ֻôҲҪ׷εӡ
Ҳûоһ˼־ŲؿʵҩİɣܲĶ
ŲصĻλüͷһЩҲ¶ԥ֮ɫҩȻЧǿ󣬵ǿµĸôҶزΪߵĳ̾ߣܹΧõģҲֻаľҶ֮֯ˣҲ˵ֻŲزʺӵҩˡ
ǿҵĶˣ
Դˮľе㲻⣬ǵóʱԼôһ졣
ҪҲûУ̫ˣѧȸֵٰ̳Ѳϰʩչɡ
˵ģҪˮľ˽ʲô򹤳̣ʲôת¼ת¼ûѧϰҲһ˽ģִַ̽ʽоʽ˴ҩʦҲҪϸ֣ĸܸ㶮Щ⣿˸ʲôо漰ʵĶǳ٣޽ӡֲ֮ľ߶ˣȻڴ͵ÿĳɹ֮ӻ࿿ִɱ㻹㿿׵顣״ˮľôҩȥѵ¹ʹҰӣԼнڸһأ˵ǿ̻ǣ붼ܡҲ˵ԼԺɶҲɣҩɲˮľϣġ
Ҫǣˮľ֪ҩЧˣŲط䡰ȫܡֵ壬ɾˡ־Ųؿɲˮľּ̳ǰĵ¹ۣ˵ǿὫҩƿ֡
ϸȫֶȻôľˣǲҪˣŲؿгǧϸģ߽ϵ׻ᷢʲô飬ֻ֪ˡΣսתǧ临Ժ׾ˮľ΢һͲ־Ųأȵ֯Լ˵ͻƽ̽ĴȻսǰ
ˮľľҶ䶷־Ųصⶼʮֿܵ飬ľҶΪҪŲ˵ľҶͳһ̽ջǾԲܷġ
ԣȻʵɽկ飬һҪСӦԣ˵ýҪϹˡˮľ⣬ڵѾ鷳ˣԼʵǰ̨沩֮ǰòҪ̫
־ŲصʻһʱóЩƣˮľ˼ôǻشһߵˮ˵ôĽҩʲôͲӦӦΪ棿
ǰԼϵˣ棿ʲôʱӦ׸ˣ
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ȻˣˮľҲòǿгͷܾˣҩΪ鷳ĿǰֻʵΪϡ٣ҳɱΪ߰Ƶ̫ˡ
ˮľĻλʺŲضɫһ
Գն˵
ˮľһ̾Ȼ˵鷳ЩǶԱҪ̫ˡ
ŲشˮľĻʵжأˮ׼֮ϵ߻кܶ࣬ƽʱЩиרҵԱҪ֪ľҶҽǿġ
ˮľҲϻ̯ȻתֻĲۼܿߺ죬ֳȼ״һᣬɫ𽥼ֳ۵ɫ
λʺŲصɫҲԽԽÿ˵ֻǻʱ仯ܶ˶ĵˮľõ̶ֳȵģһͲһ㣬ֻɢΣոо޷Ρ
û꣬ĵĻһΪֻɫĻ񣬻ڴ򶷾һΩΩФĶûֻǻŵĴ
˾ȵı飬ˮľ˵ܹˣңǻкܴѧҩ
̶ֳҲֻпܣתСɵĶˮľʵˮľǰƵˣʵǲҹţԼԸˮľԸ⽻ҩдǡ
ǵġʵˮľ˵Ҳ̹Ȼֻǿﵽкܶǰõ֪ʶҪѧûһѧϰͲġ


103 
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ֶ˱Ҫ츳ŬҲǷǳؼġΪʲô̽ʵࣿΪʵûǸҪ
һ뿴ԶĸɽֻҪһͲԶ͹ˣ˭Ѿȥһܿɽĸ߼Զ
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һɺӵԭǣڲ츳˲ţѧʲô°빦ﶼֵصġﵽһ̶ȣת׷ʵķ򣬾ˮɵ顣
ɴɱӵµģеţˮľȷʵʮҪ̶ֳȲˡˮľ͵ߣ˵ĺû㣬ʵûسˡڲʵĶ¹򣬳úѧʶϵƣʵĻܾûʲôδˡ
еΣ־ŲزٿˮľĬҲ֪ʲôתСҲûٶʣϣλʵŲزȫһ£ºƿؾãβŲĿĵóʵҲǿԽܵġ˵ף´ʵʮΪѡǿߵĶоɹĸ֯Ǵɡǲǰ㣬ʵǿ˼ɵԼıңǲе۵³ģУŲǰҲֻ͵͵˽ȫǫ̃
ΪӵģӵиѪ޽߼壬ξڳĸλ̾ӢмֵĶ󲿷ֶһŻѪ췢ģǿΪĳΪܵ˺ľڳĸλˡ
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ûʵɽկôֻһʵûֳֵ̫֮ǰֵùעôҲǸղȫҩ¼Ƿ޹ؽҪϾ̫뷨ãʡȥ˲鷳
ˮľֳ۲쵽鱨һЩԭļеݣ˻͸¶һЩԭľҶյ鱨һЩش鱨Ҳڳ˾Ȳѡ
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ּܱʵ״ôҸоʮּ֡
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ˮľȻ֪ǿģʹ״ӦÿԲοϴ춹ǲӡΪӦͬһֶֻʹõ״̬һˡ
ֿҲУֻĿǰʵû˸öӡֶˡ


104 ҫ
ľҶӡʵҲİǵ͵һ֣־ŲҲӡֹйܡֶܹԼȥ
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תС˵Ǳ߾ԲܷβܣӱҪжȻᱻġ
Ϊ̽ľҶɨأֻ粻ֵļһ˷˵Ļᡣ̽սʱôڶһ̽սЫɱӰɰ̴ΪľҶΪϯ̽ĴҶġ
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Ǹˡո׷δؿŸϻͱ֪ͨˡ
ţˡˮ׵ͷ˵һҲҪ⣬ǾǾѡĿӰ
ֻ⣬һƱ߶ʶıտڲԣĴ˵˵ӰλɴѡԳնλĴˮűѡ˻ӰȫͬӰսһΣ̳˶û׼ԲϴһͰˡһαҪʵ޿޵ǿΣȶƣ⣬ļλϵְˣмᣬǼ֤ߡ
ΪܵƣӦǿػеĶ֡־Ų˵ҾʺϵĿѡ
ŲԼʵûʲô⣬Ҳ˵ͨ
Ųأڵ״Ӧһλ긻ǿĺΣǶˡ
һ㣬ŲǳԱģܲ˵Լֲ˳ϸû˰ɣ


105 ֮
ľҶ˵³ʬǼĶУǴľҶҲһΥ׵ΪǾԲõͬġ
־ŲΪӰĵӣ̽սսĴŲص岻ظһװסͷ۾סƺзϵ֣ԲΪдۺֲĳϸ쳣ܹзϵˡ
ŲнĵλֻӰӵͷΪľҶսʿִƸһһһߡ仰˵ŲضľҶǹѫ׿Ĺ
Ҳ˷θβϮʱŲûг֡ǰˮľó鱨Ǹʱ򣬳ϸֲܻûơ仰˵ʮǰŲػֻһڰ˿ڵİ֮ˣȴӣֻɳæˡΪҪдϸƽ⣬Կʲôʱǲ壬ͿжϳŲֲϸĴʱ䣬˶ѧУˣǰüꡣ
ԣβϮ壬ֲŲĴĿˮսʵ
һѡĿӰûҲڴ˵Ųؾ˳ƵϴӰЩʱ˳ƽõ˳ˡ
ʵѷɫŲأԶŲҲǰܱ¶״־Ųʤʵ̫Сˡ
ŲҲ̾һ˵ʲô׼ˣǲǰŵ֪Ҳڴӵʱйһľ򣬿Ҫһλˡ
ûˮľʲôˣ߹һİŷԸȥ󣬻ɢˡ

ллˡʵ˵ܺδĿùϵˮľеСģһԼҲǴĴ
Ҳ˳ɣʲô򡣡ɾһʱĿӣûʲôйˡ
ҾҪˣûʲôʱ׼ˡ
Ҳòʲô׼ɣ߸񿨿˵ģʤҫ͵ϮʧͶıʾ˿ľҶǸǿ̽
ˮľ̾һ˵Ϊʲôһ϶ȥǿ߶û
ؿȥҲˣǿиɣҪǿԳɰ˹ΪĿĶӣʵǿͬʱҲʮʺϴһЩ⽻ҲԸɲʲôȥɰ̴壬ӵ̾Ȼѡһϵ峤㡣
峤ʵΪ̸ʹ㹻ˣôһֱľҶ֮⣬صĴͳ֮£һûйľҶ񣬺ͷǲ෴Ҳмǲǰ֮ľҶǺٹģǰղ¼ľҶЭʵ˺塣Ҳ̫ϲԴӸ߲ľٶָֻš
ǿʵƾõĴκ˶޷ӡһ峤ԳҲǲѶΪ֮ݵλʱȥ˵Уûбʵˡ
˵ΪʲôûͼӰλأˮľʵ
ӰһȱԵҲľҶصӰλȻѣǿԲСΪʲôûǲȡȨӰλأ
һ´Ϊͳӡɡ
ǿϧˮľÿɷ˵
ĻشˮľһС룬ԭӦνĴаɣ˵ͨ׵㣬Ҳϵǲȴ棬СƽߵĻӰһϵ֪֮е󡣼ϺľҶϣ˭˭أܷȾָӰλӵĹؼڡ

ľˮľصҵʱѾˣƿŽˮľַѾˣϷѾõ͡
ȵģûá
˷ݵͣûгԣϣǵԼԷģ˲ڣӻǼҴҵ뿪ˮľһЦ
⼸쿴Ҫеæˡ
ݲݳͣˮľϴ˸ˮ裬ڴĲ붯ˡһʱķѵľʵ̫ˣΪһ죬ˮľĸ׼˼ֿܺӦԷ󲿷ֶûóͷҲˣȻҲ̫ࡣ
Ϣһȴµˮľȥʵ˯ţֱߵСӿ
ţǰСʵ¼ԭѾôˡ
ַЩµݣˮľҲĿĿ
ЩĶûʲôر鱨
ˮľеʧֱһҳ
ôȫͷĲ˰ɣ


106 
ˮľ𾪵ϣȻͱ׵Ķǰ͹ˮ¶սʱ÷ӡռĹˮˮ󣬱ˮľץסӡһֵĶ
ⶫˮľֺһֱ޷Ӧˮ屻ߣˮǱôĻö֪Լһֱһ̯ˮ״ˮľҲȫ㲻ԭЧǷӡãΪûжԱȣټ޴֣ˮľһֱûзϡ
ڴСƺ˲õı仯
絽ûһ׵һ̯ˮҲܳ
˲磬ˮľŷ֪ʶ˴۶ˡ
ˮľǵúˮ¼ʹӡˮһ֣ǻظκ󣬲ûȱ첲ȣȻ״ƺܲãòƲûʲôơ
صľҶˮľҲԷӡһ̯ˮ൱棬һֱˮʲôһʱˮľͷ֣ⶫˮȻˮ޶£̬ʣˮľֱ治ߵĲ
֮ûнӵֻϰԵһˡû뵽һ֮ͱˮľ˵ĶȻ˱仯
ûۼ׼ȷжϡ
Ȼᵽ춯Ҳˮľеıϵʲô֯һòƻŵϸļ塣ʲô״̬ö֪
ʲôԭµı仯
ˮľϸļĴϸڣͼҵвͬѰĵط
ΨһͬѰľ˰ɡ
һֱûκηӦһ̯ˮֻڼһֱûҵȷ;ķҩĲ˻ӦͬʱСˮʱ仯Ĳ̼֮󣬷ӦԽԽң̬˱仯
ҩͲ˫ش̼ô
ˮˮܵʱɽҶĻ˲ԼһŷҩȥǶԹˮ²˲С˺ΪߣҲʵڲ֪Ч
ˮľ˼еĿԡֶѪ޽в죬Ϲˮ¼崫еʣˮʹߣǲ˵ûйƼʣһʹˮֻǼΪѰˣɽмһѪ޽磬ǲ壬ûѪͳôҲд˫زԱ仯Ѫ޽磬ᷴŴϢϣȻԴһͱݡ
ȻˣΪƫˮľûѧϰˮˡˮľʱҲˮȤˮľ֪ӦĸεĶ
ˮľ֪ˮһֱȽϵ͵Ǿ޻ת֮ͨȻٿǵǿˮľûмǴĻԭƺˡȻܹһ㵹ǲù໳ɣҪȻģʽҲôǿˡҩʦʱ״̬óɷƼˮǿҲɷҪȻˮľڲ֮ͻزˡˮʲôˮľһͷˮǰҲú⣬һֱûҵʲô𰸡
ƺҲǾ޽аɣľҶƵ
ˮľ뵽ľ黯һֱˮ֮Ӳ˼۶ˡһ˻һ˿̾һҲͰˡˮľ̾ĿɲҲһ˵תΪԭǵòһ黯һγ˵ıըûзôֻֿܡҪô̽粻áҪô
겻һһ˽ķʽʵڵô
ˮľ˶Ȱ̫ܵԶ˼ջءٴ˼Źˮ״ԭ
Լˣ̫̿Ե飬ͷԴõò
ˮľһΪͷֲͷۡ
Сֵοɿʹһ°ֹˣⷽﲻԼ̫࣬츳Ļڲƺ档
ҩˮľԼоĳɹڶԵͶ˺͵ϸʵϱֻϸѵԣʹܹٵĽ΢ＫֳͬʱȽϸ߼ٽ壬ƻ֯ԣȫҩķӦЩƣǲЧȴԯޡԶԷҩһЩܣˮľǽ䶨λڳǿЧĶҩġһֱںͷҩʹõˮľĿеҩҩȡ֮ǰһֱڱӵĵλϣû뵽һξȻ´֡
˺ԭ˵Ǳϵô


107 ׼
˵ˮľͿԷЩ⣬ֻΪһֱæµŰЩ̫Ҫ׵Ժ󡣲Ҳ֮ϲ˷ҩϸľ޴ƻҩЧֻǰһ룬Ƿָһ塣濴ûʲôãʵһͺñһ첶һ׾βȡûк󻼵ĳǧϸʱǷҩֵʱˡóһĸ塣󣬰Լɽկķܹŵơ
ȻˣĿǰ˵еԶһˮľȽķ־Ǹո뵽ģ˵塢Բ֮ϵܹߵоʱ䡣
ˮµˮһָܹҲܱ־ͺˡ
һֱˮľϣܺɽկʵľܹʵʱɿƵɽկĻ
ⷽˮľһֱϣȻ޻ת֮ЧһʯͷܸȻǿˮľҪġǣȻΣ쳣ÿƣңңڣСǲӡʱռĲʱҲûȡóɹܹˮ֮ԭΪʱķķҲܽȼü֮
ˮֱȽ͵ûУô죿ԵĲԼ츳ԲãѵҪԣ
ΪӡԭԼʧȥƽ⣬ˮľ̵ľҽıϾԼûҽѧĲŻһֱŬظƽ⡣
Ȼʱûʲô׶ˣ˭֪᲻к֢ӡֶϾǺ
ԣΣûʲô鰡ұƵĶƺԼûʲôǻ˭ⷽӦô
ȥˮľҲ벻˼̳еİתһܹοġ
黯ûϷˣת֮ӵȨҽƺҲû֮ⷽЧҲҽһְɡ
ҡҡͷˮľͷĨȥҩʦ򽻵׼ּ֮Ҳֵ̫ˣΪӡͷ֮Ʒࡣ
еϺˮľں˼в֪˯ˡģģУˮľٴ۵ʱѾˣҳ洫һ춯
˯߲̫õˮľȳ˸ϴ֮󣬷Ѿ׼ˣСڵԼһԡ
ģôôʢķˣ
ˮľԵ˾ҲͰˣʲô⣬ʲôģһˣ˵ʢùˡ
СЦóһ㵱С
·ϳ԰ɣľ̿ˣԳһȲˡ
ˮľ˵ô֪ҪԶˣһûü˵ɣ
ҽԺϦպ̺Ͱ˹ʱ֪ˡ
ŶˮľЦȻʲô񣬲߱ʶаأ̴˾ôиˣ
Сһ߸ˮľһǳЦ˵㵱̣Ժæɣôܾ࣬ˡ
̰硣߼Ҫǵغ̡ܶ࣬ۺʵ˵ˮľǿˡææ⣬ûйҲп̴ͣˣӦιʱԼֻҪվӣȸֻرӦˮɵ飬Ҳʱÿ̫ࡣ
ϽŰɣʱˡ
ϲʳСȻ˽ԼˡƷˡ

ҴҳԹͣˮľҲһ·ȻͺСˡ
ɫҲ̫ˣܲȻû꣬Ǹоѹ֣Χ˶һµɫ·һ䣬Զȥμġ
óصհԼʵڲʺַΧ
·ˣƺûʲô˵ҶֻĬĬ׻
ˮľеϧֻѾȥˣˮľӿлŵδˡ
ȻԺ㣬Ҫ˵һϢɣľҶδġ
ûԳնʴȣҲˮľӲвѻ³ŲִľҶˮľˡ

ѹֵʱǹȥˣҲƺʮϵĿʼתã̫ʼҲһɨա
ľҶſڣˮľںͿŵ³ƺ͸ġԶԶľͿ˼ͬʱ߹
ֻһʹӡϦպɰҲ˹
˵ˣˮľҲӭȥ
˭ԼֻǸأҪԴﱣò˵ЩҲ̫ʱ˰ɣۿҪٵ˲ų֡


108 ·
˵Ҫʵ㲻ʲô񣬸ϵĹ򡣴ԱϾͿԿóľҶûдĵ˼
Ҳչɰ̵ˡ
ľҶΪ˰ǲ̫СܣҲɷѿˡôĿˡҲֲľҶɰѸٽ̴͡ͷ춼ͬһɱ̴еˣתʧز˵ȫΪ̽ЦɰҲˣһǽҲʲôŵĲ´Ьģûж˻ɰ̷ѺľҶһ١ϵľ޴ͽɰ̻ʤϣѹļˣοѴһѡ
ˮľ˿һȻһ·ϵԤˣûôȤ㱾Ǹˣ⣬Ҫ˼ģҺˮľλʵв࣬Ҳ̸ʲôҲǶԸ˶һ¹̬ȡ
Ϧպ죬ˮľҲ죬١żĽ̸ҲֻǺͰ˹һʱ˻˵ϼ仰˾ʵǲ֪˵ʲôˡһҪɣˮľ̫Ϧպ򽻵ԭ򣬾ΪǻߡˮľԼȻΪóǷӡΪĲˮľտĿļӳ£ҲǵˡΪ˽⣬Ż̵׻ߵΣգ仹ûз˶ԼʹõĻʱ򣬼ֱǷʤ
Ҳͬԩҵ汾ɡ
ֻҪǻߣϲԾϰԵľٶµϢʵ̫رˡҲԻ̫Ϥ߲̫ע⣬Ļ֣ͬȼƵǰʵ̫Ρ
ɰ̵ķ²͸û˵ˣȻѾˣǱϾŹȥһ죬컹򣬽Ϳʼûʲô黳ġǶǺˮľʮСӣʵûʲôͬĻ⡣
УҰǻɰӵģˮľû˶ٴ򽻵
ôɰӣϣʱԼô
е΢ˮľɲһຢӴ򽻵ôö˯һɰӣҲϴڿˡȻˮľûиоҰʲôζǲ̫ӽúǷӰˡ
־ϣʮҵСŮģȻе㲻Уˮľ̫·Ҳ̫ˣǷӰĺӣȻ֪һµģʵ˷һ
Լ޽״ˮľҲûʲôð취
˷ʱ䰡֪ʹһҲã̽ɫС˵һʱҲҪü죬ܲ˰
˾ôƵ߹˴죬˰ʱ򣬶ͣЪϢˡ˸ɽˮĵط֮һ㼯ڻǰΧһȦ
ֱʱˮľŸоһ˿ɣȻˮľû̫ԻԣǳԷ˿ĵ飬仹ԼԵʳ
ʱ򣬿ûʲôν顣ˮľóС׼ı㵱Ŀ⡣Ӵ׵ķó˻ڵʲ˾ڴڳ
߳⣬ôĴб㵱̫ʰɣ緹ʱͶˮľǿŵùֵĴ󷹺йڻϦպ죬̲סʳˣ仹Ӱսİɣ
û뵽Ϧպʻˮľһ£սҲǿס͹𣿡ˮľһ˵һÿָָһԿŸ־ϺҰޣʳ
ʵ˵ˮľĵλμ漰⽻ĻûɣͲμӡʽĳϣ̻ǲģҪȻҪ峤
˵ϦպźòŮкʣҲһ˿쳣棬ҪȻҲΪˣһԻŮ̡׻ѴˮľҲǶϦպʵģڣսˮľʤСȻˣԸˬϦպ죬ȾҲܺˬҪȻҲϴ춹쵽һȥˡ
ô˵ȻûʲôΣգҲҪ߾ġϦպ첻˵Ҫɰô죿ǴҪĳ롣
Ҫ𣿡ϦպĻˮľŤͷ־ϺҰʵ
ˮľʻ־ϵεҡҡͷҰ޸ûһ㣬
ɣǶ˵˲ܡ
Ͼˣ̴嶼Ϣ˺ϢĻҪʱ֦̽Ҳǽӵɰ̴ָʾˣʱľٶġ
ңľҶƻŸոչһ죬ľҶɰ̾ͽˣ̴֯ôķӦ棿ܸ״Ķࡣ·ϵߺǿɽ֮ģĿǰûп۵ġ
ˮľĻϦպҲԶԣȻ߼ˮľߣǱϾĶӳ㶼û˵ʲôϦպҲԽ޴ҹܵԱʲô
ңСģǰѵ㵱˹ꣿ
ˮľڵʻϦպϺһ㣬ֱ֧֧ΪʲôҪ˹Уûϵɡ
ţװûʲôϵôˣΪҶû֣
˹ҵĵ˺üλ͸ģǾˡˮľװһ˼ģ
ŤŤİ飬ɵҲװúడ
ȻϦպ˵ɰ̣ˮľҲһһֱͷ
ĵܵܿôܵģˮľ־ʵʱƺ˰ɣ
Եʱҵ״Եɰ̸ȥԮ̣ǷӰĺҲһҰ⣬ҪȻġ
ǵʦ˵ʱպ˳ʹ˿ɡ
ˮľ૵Ȼˡɰ̵ľӢߣʹÿһսΪ񿱾ɰɫĿʦɰ̽Ҳ֪ôˡ
ÿһ죬ʵڽ¹⼲ѹĻᣬôõʱ䣬廹ǾƶӦѾظĲˣѲֻ˵Ѿȫľˡ
ҪǸִھͺˣؾܹѼȻ˽ˡ¹⼲飬ڴӸ߲֪Ĳ٣̴󲿷ֶ˽⣬Գɰ˹Ϧպ֪һ㶼֡
찢˹ƺ첲˵ĺأҪɣ촦ϴ춹ԭ׼˹꿴ƵģʱѾˡ
ѾûʲôˣˣúͻˡһϦպ쵹ûʲôˬĻشˮľ⡣
Ǿͺáˮľ˷һƬ˾
ǶעȥˣڷҲǳˡ
ԱˮľѸٵʰöȻеĿɣصŴҳꡣ
ǳԵĸ㶼ڿбӣѹϦպῴҲ˳ۣ̫ҡˣҲʲô¡
̽й߶ˣʳҲûʲôֵģЫ͵ϴأˮľԵʲô
һᣬ˾ͳˡ
ȿȡ
ͻȻһʾĿ˹
ף㣿
ϰ峤ȻлҪ˵ˡ
ǰһֱλʦڽλչˣл⡭
ĳģлϦպҲˣϾǴʦԼǿôҪ˵ѧУ飬ҲӦл³ɣҡ
秵Ļ˵ˮľһڣˣʲô
ĿҲҪӦġϦպˮľҲź˼䡣
ˮľʦκ𣿡ʵ
ҲɣҲֻദһʱ䣬żҲȻĹΰˡˮľ
ŶǸоô
šˮľԥش
ˮľĻͷˮľʦ̿ԺһᣬΪǺ졣
λ˽ɣϾҲǴţδĶ
ӦŵˮľȴһΡŽӴЩôΣͱעˣǸʱ仯Ĺؼڡ
԰۵ԼжԼӽβ֣ЩĽҲ̫˰ɣԼԭûнϣŵȺӵϡ
Ϧպ˹ĻˡȻˮľΪϦպ˽츳岻ϻҲֻʵʵš
ȻڼҳŮĹĴûмϹֻƽʱûбֳˣ˰
ˮľʵҲܹĿĺѴ͸кܶʱ򲢲һ¡㲻һ峤ͬʱҲһס
ҹ֮Զ·ҲˣؾϢˡһһƺˮľҰ޼һһϦպ־ϡ
ˮľȴʱפظ˲ٵľߺ塣аڲ࣬ˮľҲǾһЩմʩ

ҹ˾ҹֻǺԼֲ֪ĳ
ͻȻˮľһ󲨶ѣȻѸٵͻĶ˲Զһֱû˯Ұ޵עȻֵˮľ
ô£Ҳ漴ѹʵ
ˡˮľɫѿشˡ


109 ҹ
ڰԭеСĻѱ׽𡣲ٽפص׼ȷλñ¶ȥ˶
֮۵峤˵˲ΪӴ󣬿ߡ
һ˵Ľ÷飬ּ߶޵ˣǾʱԵ޹ʵĳʮа˾žǳˮľһ˶ġ
˺û׼ȷжϳǵķλʱͻšİ֮£˵жӹߵ顣Ȼǿ׼
ûȵѻ˵꣬ԶʹһľұըֱӽһƬƻһɶ˱ϰжһɫʱ
ǵϴôһ˾ЫˣȻ鰡뵽Ȼôˡ

ڲԶЫ͵ϴȴһƬըķǰ
Ы磬˵ˣֻбըģɣһӾͽˡϴҫЫ˵õĿȥ̽·
ϻˣϴҪöԷõˡɰ֮ЫɳƵд˳˴ĶصҲˣȻǾͻưɡ
˵涼ûʲôְҲ峤еѲҲ㲻̫ѵ£ҺЫڣֵˡ
ָ֮һľ֪˲֪鱨Ҳ
һߣԲߵľҶһˣͼŵԽԽӽŸҲıƻбƽŵƽٶȣˮľɵýҪҪʱ˱ܣ̫ˣ׼
ӾʵľҶһҲȫսؼսƺԷơȭж̾ĸвܷáϴЫǡǡ峤óӦ͡
ϴͲ˵ˣͺŵıըиֿܣܷɣԶ빥ǳǿһܷ죬ñ˴Ȼһ·ƣþˣĥҲĥ֡
ڳɰ֮ЫǾ͸öԸˣӲΪǣȭ˴룬ȫĻʤҶо綾ʵ̫ѶԸˣĵƣٻ˺սѾˣӰеɰֱߵجΡ
ʵûַӦӦû⣬࣬ȴ̫ǷȱˡԿƺͿձƶ̫̫״еˣԵϴͳɰ֮Ыˮ׼еǷܺ͵ֵ
ս־ϺҰܲ飬ڻԶųغף˻ûսϴͳɰ֮Ыʵ
Ϧպ쵹һð֣ЧǾǴɱƾͺΪˡɰ֮Ы״׳ԲԻǺȫֻʣһɲˣԶûеЫسĻҲǲõġ
ôӦϦպȥǣƵϴôڻٵĵϴػûôǿ
ˮľԼĸϽ˵Ľ飬Ҳ֪ģľҶߵİ˶һ£ǲģұռţڳ˭ҲΪð˾ʤԼ
ս㹻һսԴϵĶԲߣΪӳһҲֻõͷ
ձ辪һ٣͸ɴֱԡ֯ˣϴЫҪ̼еװ
һˮľǹ¾սˣҲ߸ȶšҲӲˣԵϴķпܵıܵùϷɵģϴЫˣҰޣȻһߡ
ûҪϣҲҪϡһοɾͲǹˮְӻɫˡ
յսҲԥʼս׼ӭˮľһǿУҲǲܲ˽ˡٵóĹȫҩһݽϦպ죬һݽƣһݵݸ㡣峤ҩˮľҲ΢һ㲻ġλǽսˣȻԵϴͳɰ֮Ы͵߲̫óȭԾעˣһűɱȭûֶΣֻҪҪһɱﵡֲ̨ԾһһĵǻϦպˮľôӵаۺȭҲǲСĴڡȻˮľΪƣǲûлᡣ
ؼڻ˵ϴȻΧɰ֮Ы
ս˼·ˮľѾˣֶڶࡢḻЫһõͻƶ󣬳ȭֱӻˣȻʵ̫ɱˣȽɬĵϴͺöԸˣըȻ鷳ֻҪǱ˵ҪˮľҽʵȫҩЧҲҪϴϾըҲ޵ģľҶһҲ͵ϴûޣҲûгЦۣӦòܵԱк
һҩˮľݸ־ϣܵ˹һ֧ڷԣǣǻᣬԺʲôҿɾ͹ܲˡ
ҩδ˵ĸãȻ˵ûʲô⣬ǱϾûԹȽϺá
ľҶأ־Ҳ׿ǿˣҲûƴǣֱӾ
ҩˮľҲʼԼս׼
ռĲˣֻܿϢĴˣûдʩϣΪûֶս̾ߵ㹻ּսǰҲֻʤˡͷ۰
Щǰúõ壬ڵϴ׵һٱǰҲ𲻵ˡ
˵ﲻֱӿɡƻ˵ıˡ
ڣʱԴһڼ˱ֵˣһͷ۵Ľɫͷŵķ裬ɫ۾ټɬӣʵǲŸղһĴըŪġ
ɰ֮ЫԵ࣬òͲϲģϱĸβޣһΣ
СģǸǿܣܶ档Ϊʹӣһ˿Լʹҿܴܺܿо綾Ҫע⡣
˽⡣Ϧպͷ
ˮľҲʧʱѵСǸʦĶҩҲóⶾղŷַҩȻҲкǿĿƶҩЧǱϾרõĽⶾǶ͵ľ綾Чġ
㹻ˣʵڲУҲҩʹá˵ԸǸΣյĿʦȥԸǸꡣ
áʵսˮľģһ¾ץס˹ؼڣûдﵽ۷壬ʵĵϴͻƿڣǸʦֻʵӦ˶Ƕ֡ʣµˡҰ޺־ϣʱͶǹ˼ˡ
߽󣬻ֲ̣Ը޾ĵϴ˵ľҶĸλΪУ뽫һβϾߡ
ʲôˣ㿴ƵźƵĺɫƷһһΪ֪֯
ǵϴһλЫ硣
ϴӰĵӣ㾪ȵʵ
ЫܴĲôɰѾǺöǰˣټҲûٴĻЫһֱûһ̽硣ǵϴǰĿӰĵͽȻȴΪͶ̣ҲǴ̽Ĵˡһ㣬漰̴ĵմӣصעĶ仹һ̣͸ˡ΢עԵϴֹϵӰˡ
ףЫ磬Һ㻹
˵ϻˣӶҲûйԹԽĴ㣬ôûʲôĵĳɰ֮Ыֱ˵㿪򣬸Ͻȥɡ
һ˵˵ŵЫβֱ쳤ŵȵҹͻĹҲûŵԴˣ׷׶ܿΪ޴ĳҷɵʯ飬Ҳû˵ҷֺ
Ы磬飬ɣóˡȻѾˣȫƾϲƵĵϴҲԾľҶ˾ͷһ˵ŵĵϴһһȺСų˷˹ȥ
ҪЩѵ
ڰ۵Ĺ۲£̺ŷḻΡȻ㻹ǶʲôǿӲЩΣյĶʮбҪġ
һ߶Ы͵ϴˮľϸ۲żԵĶ֡
Ǹǿյ΢Զ̽ˮ׼ȴʱҪĺڿƼҲ˷ǳΰңǵϴܸǲ֮רſԸдۻĶɡҪûԸϴøˡ
ڻûô򣬾ͷֵװ״ˮľҲееΡ
ʱһйӲϮ󲿷ֵıըСɢȥȻھҹз׷ױʣµļֻ©֮㣬ҲҰ޵ɰӰŵļըû˵κˡ


110 ǿϮ
־пž޴ȣȻ˵ǿɲǺսķϺȵġ
ҰҲè۲˵Ȼǳģûĵ
ˮľһѾȥͳɰ֮Ыһ㣬Ȼתͷɰ˵ǣСĵ㣬ֶͲҪͻǰʱӦļ𣬸ں¾ˡ
Ҫ˵־ϺҰޣˮľеǿҪŲСֶǿʵˮľ
ɰ֮ЫҲˣʱӦϴ͵ΪˣʵϦպˮľ൱ӵ̾Ч˵ҪֶΡ£Ϧպˮľû̫õİ취ϴЧ˺෴Ұ޺־ӵдΧһߣ׶Ըϴ
־ϵݡһǰ̿ѡУް취ֻܰճɴ˿ɼ֮ǿԭͨ顪նն裬ֱӽҲſ£ȻҲͿƵԭټ϶Ҳ¹ȴһ޴ƻѾɼһߡ־ֻҪ֤Ӧ£̾ߡ޴ӷݵƣϴСͱըƾѹƵ˵Ŀͼ޷ˡο־ϻ˼֮Ȼ¹ûȣҲó˼ǲսĴˣĿǼСġ
ҰޣԸ͵ߣӦʵˡԭϷӰҰްڵϴ֣֮ǾԲܾʹ˵Ұ޴򲻹ϴҲϴȷʵǿͳսƲҪ֪Ұ޺͵ϴ˵սϽУڵ˴Ӫ棬ʵ󲿷ֵɰ̹Ǵ򲻵ϵĵϴġôҰеƾͼûˣ෴ܻ˵ľءΪɰ̴ͷ졪Ӱڹؼʱ̱ҰӦ񡣶Եϴ˵һǡǡǿõĵطϴֻҪ׼ĴӣҰ޾Ͳò濹еĹҰһǿĲһֱҲǾԳŲ˶õġԵϴ˵ǰһӶ⣬ôһĴϣʵҲˡͶŵҰޣڵϴϵĹ£©Ұճ
һΣˮľԵĵϴȻѾǿһӦĳ̶ˣǱϾûôס
Ұ޵ɰӰæʵսҲһ¡ԵĺأڷԵоͶһģҰ֣̺ŴɿƵɰܣֱǱըĿǡҲΪЧԽĿԽʵǡǡ෴ıըʵ󲿷ֵ˷ѵˡΪʲôִսཨս壬ֵﱤΪЧ൱áֱͷڲıըȫãɵƻЧ²ôĿȴ˺Ϊֲ͡ϴҰ֮սǵϴûҰûа취޴ôҪüƲߣڲƣһҰޡһΣҰô֣˵𵽲Сá
˻̫С˰Ҫ־ϺҰޣĸɶ
ˮľ²ۣƾͻֱȡϴ
ɡˮľԸµͻ֡ϴıըľǻĲãıըǲǧΪʲôܹԸϴΪǧƻ˱ըڲϴĲʹñըʧЧˡ˵ĻȭרעڲƻӦܹԸϴġ۹ۣʵʲɾͲôˡǧԶԿɵƱٶȼ죬ԸϴʡȭͲһˣ˵պùĽ࣬ܲܲκδ󣬴δУҪǵϴƱըûнӴֱըȭʲôãѵÿζҪû־ĻٶĲҲӻ˵øȫˮľӲȽϺá
ÿ״ûкʵ̹˺ͺҪԼʹô㲻ǰ취ȫҩҩӻˡ
ϴβ֮Ԫˣͻ˽²ŻظһҲ֪ôϣһôҡ
ȻˣʵҰޱˮľʺϵ̹ˣҰ޵Ļ̫ˣ󶼱ϴٶˣתһҰ޻ԶǸʱʵǰ棬ֻһӣᱻ
ָˣҪԼϡ
óѷħ｣˫ָһѣˮľ˵ͻǰƣϣը㴦ûɣ
ȻƵͷ
ôҰޣӦģըɰӱȵҪʹĶ࡭
Ұ޳Ĭĵͷ
־ϣӦֱкֵҲûϵ
ҲУ־ɻʵ
ڡҰѵõ˵ˣɰݷбȷըס
ΪʲôҰܵӰ־ֻܵӰĽɣ̲Ӧ;ϻǲ˵㡭
źø˵Ľɫ֮ˮľϦպ죺ûɣ
ԡϦպͷ
˵㲻ڣӦߵȼߵϦպţûдļˣȷʵҲôáսȫ˽⣬Ҳ̸ʲôϡֻӰˡ
ϦպûзԣˮľҲһ֪ҲˮľµľϦպ̫ԸԼĻжѡϾϴһɬģһҲһҪСӡˮľһȷ˵õϴռ֣ӿɾΣˡ
Ȼͼ£ϡ
ˮľתͷ߼˷Ը׼~ˮľ˫ֵķħ｣
ǼɣƫƫҪĹ´һҪһܣȻܷӳԼۺʵư
Ŀ׼ϴˮľһǰ~
ˮľŵײתȻҵļһ㣬ֱ˵ϴƲǿϣҰ޾͹ǺˣںԻҶϲûϣɰӸҲС־ϸʵ޹ؽҪʱպþ㹻ˡ
ĵϴſյĻᣬ˲ٱը漸˳˹ԥĽϵıը˹ֻСˮľ߷˹
Сģ~ǰˮľһ۾ͿС֮µ˫ƣǵϴ׼䲻֮Ƚͻǰˮľơ
ٶȸ˫͵ٶȸõôҲǲӦˣ鱨ϵƣС̿ɾ治תˣСо㶨ǣһе³ɡ
־~ˮľ
˽~־Ͽʼݡ
ֻȻ裬޴ķѹЮķУֱӽǰһƬռ䶼УƬıըڷеи±ըγһƬס˫ߡ
Ұޣɰ̽·ǰٶȲҪͣ~ˮľʧʱķԸ
ͻ̣ľһ䲻ϮٵƽǳɹĻ͵ϴսڿʼȷƣսĻȷ̫ˣϾԼ˶Ы͵ϴȽİԼ߶ҲӣͲǰһսСõģһͻǿ߶ûУҪˮľʹľҶˣһó߶ûСľҶĴ㣬ֻһеĻˣû뵽ôҪߺʱ̡Ȼòɰæ
˦ںҰޣȻ̫ˮľĴ㣬Ҳˮľսж˫ֽӡĲת漴һɰӿɣɲ״ֱˮľǰΧںɨţˮľʹƳŨ֮С
٣Ͻȥˮľе˵Ҫҵס󷽺©֮͹ˡ
Ũ֮У߻Ұ״£˭ûע⵽ˮľǰһƬ΢΢ɢŵɫĹ͸羵ĹĻ
ܣԼһʵսˣСӣȫֵ˹ԼֻҪעǰĹؼԼСӣǿĲƺͲӦÿһ̶ϷСƵıըˡ
ܣʵĲСǸΪеĲγɵķĲܣҪ뾫׼Ŀơ
ǰŲܵˮľҲеѹֻ˫СǰըˮľǰٶȶһءͻȻұһֱͻ˷ûпֱӱըˡ
쵰оַҵĲôССͣսֱֱֲ
ˮľҲʵĸоϴȷʵȹˮҪǿֻ̫࣬ʵս츳
֧ŵס𣿡ˮľʵ
û£~ƴŴ˵ƺˡ
ղһѹĿǰʹ˻ȭ˲ٵıըǳ˵⣬ͻǰˮľܵ˲
˲Ҫ~ˮľ΢һ¹˲ʵҸ첲ƺʱӰս


111 ܾ
Ȼʱûд󰭣ôͲȥˡ
ǰһӿٶȣչ˺Լˮľ˵ȡɵķȻ©սֱɫĵϴȻˮľ̫Ļᡣ
ƷӦˮľʱӵ󣬽ŵ׵ٶٴμӿ죬ԭҲ޷ˮľĽˡͬʱܷӵ󣬲ҳ׷ķרעǰҪ
ֻһŻӰγỤ̃ٶıը˫񶼸ϽˡǰըѹˮľĴۣڳת۾͵Ŀɿڴĵϴǰƺе㲻ţûһֱ̽ӾͿʼƴˮľȻôɱǰ
ˮľɲܵϴľȣŸٳֵķħ｣һ¾ʹ̴ĵϴأȥδֱӽϴɵˣײľϣ̴ϴķħ｣֮Уᴩĵϴֱӹ̶ϣѲá
ô򵥾ͽˣ⣬á
شĵϴû˱ܵ˼˫ץˮľƺҪ䱧סͬھӡ
ˮľۿӦˣֱӷֵķħ｣Ȼٵķˡ
ʯ֮䣬ֻϴͻȻȻıը޴ĳֱӽˮľɡȻԲ֮ڶը䡣
־ϣǰһƬɭ֡Ũֲ֣ˮľ˵ôˣָս˵ûʲôˡ
Ȼ֪ˮľô֪Լģ־Ҳ֪ڲǹʱȫӿ
ͨ顪նն~һѻž޴İž޴ٵǰһƬɭŰĲгΣȻڵϡ
ˣӵķݽսһŨϰɢȾ¶۵ùǺơţˮľ򣬱ɢ¶˱Ƭɰܱˮľϴը֮£ɰܶըǧٿףˮľҲֻýܻסԼҪλ֫ȲλǵıըƬдѪģһˮľץʱԼơ
˫жû⣬ûлҪս𣬲ãһΡ
һԿ֯ĸ֣мɫԵǿЭһͲˣһҪҰ޻飬ҲҪѲƤ
ոճ˴ˮľմȾ˵ԼѪ֣һѱѪȵ亹Ժ˵۾һ·ɬǣһԼ̾ߣȻһʱ˫΢۲ǰ
Ǳߡ
ڸ߿յˮľǰڱߵľһɨպڷ˶ڲԶпھ޴ɵľ󣬶ķкľ
һӦ˰ɣܵˡ
Ŀˮľɲٴδᣬַħ｣չȻϴ˹ȥ
ԭ׼þյĵϴ־޴ѹƵòصľأûӦˮľĹٴϮ
ôˮľȻִǳԸԼĵϴɵóЦʵĲ඼ֲĴʶһµϴүը
˿ûнˮľĹϵĵϴھıϣȻȶ򣬿ʼɡֱͷҪķħ｣ϴֻ΢΢ͷͶ˹ȥ
֪νļһֱϴмһ˵ĿˮľһۣȻᣬеֶκʱԸֻɫǰ֪ɱ˶ֲ֪ļһˣˮľҲһ
޴ļһɵһڻ࣬ڶԴˡ
ÿһ˶ǵϴĶ֣һˮľÿصʮߣĺõĻսǾԲСģϴϰ˿Ϯ׵Ľ˵Ʋˡ
ڰеˮľϴɵĶԼϮۿϴҪû߷ɵʱͻȻ͵һ˳һͷ˿Ҫϸ͸ü޷Ĳ˿ߣݵתǰķħ｣֮ϣܴǣħ｣зһ䣬͵һ
бĵϴӦ˿߾ѹסľ񡣶ħ｣˶ƣֱǰΪžתת֮伸Ȧоͽըɵľ׸š
¿ɾܲ˰ɣƲЧˮľٴľͻȻһ٣ȻˮľͽŷٵϴϮգ֮䣬ľ֮ĵϴһαˮľɱǰ
ԽߵˮľϴҲеˣǰûб˿ͻƶԸˮľκεûκɣһ˼ⲫͣǵһμԼһ⣬ûеһʱս׼ͱƵæңҲǺܶ궼ûˡ
һλǲɣɱԶˡ
Ȼе㾪ȣǱƻӺͲĵϴɲᱻСŵ
ˮľ̶ֱĿޣϴܣֱø첲͵סˡȻѸٵĿʼը
ţϴҲýܾ˵սʽˮľȻҲãѪԵսҿǾḻĺܣͿ˭ֲ֧סɡ
ǣŵĲ˿߱ſȻһץס˵ϴļ򣬽ˮľһͷصײڵϴĶͷ
⧲ƦͷŹһåͷۻĵϴҲֲסƽ⣬һͷӾԵˤĵˮľҲűҲվסĵȥ
ŵСӣǰһ֮սʲôӵİɡ
ˮľϣϴ£˶ڿ޴ˮľܲ˵һȭӻȥڵϴıӺϣϴıѪϾֹס˳ϴŵ΢ֱӱ䣬Ҳ֪û˵۾ȭͷʱõϴˤȥ
ûأŸոտʼ~˵ŵˮľֻӳһ죬ס˵ϴ֣Ȼˮľһᣬϴ˳ȻһӭˮľȭͷǴһ죬ƺǹˡ
ȭֻ˲Ŷеĸ鰡Сӣ㻹Ҫѧŵ㣬̫ᣬ̫ôһΰɡ
ڶαˮľĲ˿ʱ΢ָʶĵϴϽеոõıըСˮľ˹
Ҳ΢һ㣬ûǺ̡
ϴ׼ñըˮľ뷨ֱ쿪ը͹һĲãǾǲֵҡôıըܵĳһġ
˵ⰡвܺҽֻҪȫҩұƴɣ˺ð
ˮľ˿ܱըΪõϴѡһ͵ϴ֮ˮľĶԵϴһЦȻǰƣɫĻһѽϴɡ漴ϴҵĽ촫ս
նľƣҲɲõϴѡˣһ
ըС񼸺мλãֱӱըһ޴ĳʹˮľҲץסµĵϴҵֱƷ׷ɡ
͵ˮľҪˤڵϵʱһɰɵĻˮľµλãסǱˮľϴûôˣǱ޴̡ȭͷᣬűգԼıըһȻصĴӿˤڵϣܵҲǲˡ
ѾҵļˣҪǵϴУû취͸ýϦպˣ΢ѾˣϴĻʮǿϦպӦÿӦ~
Ȼϴˮľúܲңʵϣˮľû˵ϴҪ˵ĻֻҪʹñըϴƻûֻص״սˡ

ˮľߺ͵ϴݱʱͳɰ֮ЫսҲеûȡܵ˵ǳɰ֮ЫռϷ硣ϾȭԸͲһѺ֣ǶԸȫװĸܣǷǳģ仹ҪС治֪ʲôطʹŵء
ȭԿʦ˵ӦôȻԿ˺󣬵ǶԿƿܵĲ˿˵ֱСοͨУѱֵĲ˿ߣڰǰΡһʦ飬˳Ų˿ߡֱðҵʦڣȻ
ǳɰ֮ЫɲһʦͲڹһ岢ʮǿ֮ڣûͨʦȱ㡣ҪжϿƵĲ˿ߣǸʱûʲô¶㹥˵ЫÿܣӰǰٻݣ˵㻹ܹҵԹĿꡣڣʵǶųɰ֮Ы޴ֻ֣ܱӦŲʱϮĸֻĹ
ôȥУҪ㣬ֻܵȴ˸ϽǸæˡ


112 
˵һ֮Բûսɡ̽սɭϵļ壬峤ҲԲһߡΪʲôһȿ׵ĻȡĵλΪԸ񲻹ǿơųĳʵȲ׺üĻ
ξԳɰ֮Ыս׼ȷжϣǵ͹ЫʵѲ̶ȡ
˵ףǶ̫鷳ˡ
ҩֶǳѲö֣жоҩûҽߣһܼʱоⶾ
ϸ˵ܵĽⶾʵǲڵģõĽⶾõķΪȽϹˡȫҩܹϸѣ³´лʹлҩٷֽ⡣ͬʱ³´лҲʹô󲿷޷Ķҩٵų⣬ԶԴ󲿷ֶҩ൱ЧԭдҰӣοɣԸɰ֮ЫõĽⶾԾһרýⶾЫõĶҩⶾЧ൱áĿܾЧˡ
ĿǰŵսнⶾǺѷſֽŶ乥ġǿ󣬲Ϊ乥˵ǿ󣬸Ҫһֲʦ㡣ЫŻΪԼı׼ݡ׼
һûֵס˲ǧĹ֮󣬶ʱ˴ҲеԲ
ǸڹǣҸһûа취
ȻᶨΪȭõĹʽҲòεĳϣȷʵʱȭ籩ֱӵĸȭһ߼á
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һ߸Ͻ֧ԮʱͻȻһĲҽд˹
ǣߵˣô죿ͻı㲻ɵһϲϵöͽŵ׵ĲҲࡣ
ټһͺá
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֪ˣСġƵͷ˵ˮľûΣˣȻŵϴ׹ĵط׷ȥһȷƾ̫ϧˡ
Ŀ뿪ˮľһ͸оٵҰ޺־һһһԼֹܵϮ
ľҶ߶ô㻹̰ɡˮľȫƽʱԸսʽ־ڿϴʵս֮ǿҲˮľôսپԭ򣬡ʵϵǿҪ֪ľҶ̶ôǿﻹɰ̺ľҶĳͻ
ˮľҡҡͷ˵˵Ҳȫȷһ˵ˣɰһʼûʤ㡣
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Ұ޵Ļʱ־Զԣɫɵһ
ڿɲ˵ʱ򡣡սңĵʱ򣬡Ϧպ̲Ӱڰȴʱ־ϣȻտһơ
ȭǵĹʵ˲ƣؼһδΧըÿһ˶ģԷּҵʣӡ£ܹɻҲһΣָܲÿһ˶̶ֳȵš
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ΪһԽߣˮľԺܶ鼰ʵ飬ˮľԼпһѪ󣬾ҲûֹǶˮľֳˣֲһԼʮɻ󡣾ͺñȰƣаСȷʵǴڵģǴû˵һаƵŮӡҲУֻǱˡһ¾޷ˣɭϲûκֵܣôԭϲǸʹ֡˵ߵ˾ȫڡʱ򣬶һЩǶǵ鱨ˮľҪʵһ£ԵԼ¶
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ԭҰӣǧսɰ֮ЫͬһѶԸǡǡҰӣɽ
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һˮľˣһܹɴĶûСƾͲ˵ˣȭǸġҰ޺־ϣڴΧսȽϺáϦպ죬ʵʵֵĻˡΨһķˮľ
ûˣһ֮ǰк˴裬һ֮Ұޡһβغ׺ϴ춹õһɶôڸô죿ѵҪòԣ
ڲˮľҲǷǳģΪҽ£˵Ч
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Ȱ˽һȥæ𣿡
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ˮľʱ̶ԼսĿǻˣǻɱʵ㣬ʱҪ̫ࡣԡ飬߻ʵһȽϺá
ðɣܾտˡҰͬˮľİš
ǾͺãҪס˵Ŀ㣬ҪעⱣԼСˮľ֣صѵʱҲǿõĵط㡭
ϰ˶һ˵ҰޣȻ츳һֱĶʵѹ֣һζĳɰ֮ЫɲôͱЭͬսɲһ׵顣ҪأˮľҲôϻÿһսǳ

Ұ޵İ֮£һƣˮľҲò̾߼ĿʱôءֻҪɰ֮ЫͶִ⣬ڣҪĿǰʵԶԼҰްæܹһ
ɰֶǷ㰡һ㡣ҪҪˮԣ
ΪˮľָˮʲôѪ޽磬ֻҪҰɰһŷˡ뻹ˣʵûǸʱ䡣
ˮľһ߸Լƣһ߹۲ųɰ֮ЫǱߵսʱ򣬵ϴѾ˿սȶԷһŻϦպ졣
ȻϦպǻߣǲҪΪͲˣʵǴ󲿷Ůߵ㣬Сʣ²ز㡣ԲòĥЧʵĻҽӡ淢չˮľδǧ活ʹҰӣһ͡ϦպҲ⣬ֻǶԱ൱ĻʵѰˣ˵ʵҲûȥҪȻҲ̡
ϴڴˤûüӦʱ򣬾ͱöĿСȻܹҪڶƣҲѾõϴоемܲסˡ
˵Ĺˡ
ĵϴѸٽӡݡ֮
ܿ죬ϴǱ£׼һ˵ڵƶһξ룬оĵϴٴγڵʱ򣬻ûüк죬ͱƴš
ڰǰ׾ӵķܣ޴


113 御
ֱƣͱŪæҵĵϴӦͱȭСȫѾˣ϶ףǶѾˣ˵һĻ۶ŵıӣͱͷɢǱģ
һٱƵȭУϴȫĲʱһϣҲǰ
ԡʮơ̶ʱڣԶһսöľҲоеΪˣˮľըİΧѾǳˮƽӣҲֻҧ֧ȥˡ
һƻеϴؿڡҲ֧Ųסĵϴ̯ڵϣֻİ
һԼ˾ˮľҲĿɿڴ
ô׾ͱˣɣ
ԭˮľѾΪľҶһƾ޴ˮľƴһΪʤ㣬û뵽Ǵ߹˵ϴʱʵ
ʮʮ꣬ʵҲ̫˰ɣսֱͺʵ䣬ոջúõģòû뵽һž¶ӡ
ʱĲ࣬飿ǲˮľܹ۸ɷɴǿߡһ׳ձһߣҰһƧСɷӰû뵽ϴǿ˵ǿߣҲʵǲˣۺʵڻ䲻ͷڵˮ׼Ҫ˵ɰ̴׽߷Ӱֲս飬ˮľȥˡȻˮľԼ˵ϴֺҪǵϴԼиɻĻĻ³
ɻܸɵϴĻɱҲɱ˰ɣˮľɵı仯Ҳȱһˡ
Щʱ򣬵õҰ֧Ԯ㣬ǵϮĻذѹҰ޵ɰܣǴΧĿǣûбƷ£ﲻͲƷʲҰǰвͨ
Σ˷ʱĳɰ֮Ыĸо˲ͷԭϴ֮ǰһĲҽоԼеܲˬѾһʱûϴеıըһһĺд˹
ϴڸʲô
ڳɰ֮ЫϴԵˣҲϦպǿеʵһߣڵϴǰܹʲôΪأ֮⣬ΨһҪĵľһβغ׵Ұˡûܿסβ޵ڳɰ֮Ы͵ϴ̶ֳȵǿǰʲôأοβ޻ӲᱻˡֻҪϴգӱըĥҲҪĥˣھȻ˴ƺܲңȫɰ֮ЫԤˡ
Ϊһſʦ֮Ϊ׷ĳɰ֮Ы˵û˳ΪܽϾЫźΪˣЫϧΪ˵;񣬽ṩˡԣֻĳɰ֮ЫԵϴʲôģô⣬ǡ֯ʵҲɰ֮ЫϡĳԱ󲿷ֶˣҪ˵Ϊ˳ĻҲֻдʼ塢СټϳԼˡȻҲҪǲǲߡģɰ֮ЫԼ˱ŵľʵ۷ʵͶ粻Ǻ⣬ҲãҲãֻҪԼ飬ôСǰʹжǲһȥҵڵĴϴҲֻǴﵽĿĵֶΰˡ
ǿҲһȤĴɣȻе㲻ͬٶ֮ҪҪȥ
ȻϴʹˣҲ޹ش֣ԼһҲ൱İɳŽ񡣲Ϊһǿ˵ϻСӣɰ֮ЫǾȥϴڣʡ˲顣
ĳɰ֮Ыǿ󣬶Ұ޺ĸŹܲˣֻǻŸ̡ȫǶЫβͣͽһһ¡
ףɰ֮Ыôϴһʱ䷢սֱ仯ˮľʱԳɰ֮Ыже⡣һҲϡ֯ԱΪϰ߰ɡ
֯ÿһʽԱʵǿѱ֮ļọ̈̄۸ڶں֮˵ָͬ龫ֱ췽ҹ̷ҲСϺͳſ˽Ժã޺ǲΪƵľĻСӣܹ֤ڧͲˡ滹вٱ֮
תĳɰ֮Ы̹һ㣬û赲һᣬǱĵϴߡβ趯һĻǽһеĹ档
ҪЦɣϴЦҲҪи޶Ȱɡ۵ĵϴĲ״ȷʵţڻûг׷ʵͱױſµĵϴ˳ˮľ⣬ܻǲΪ˽⣬ɰ֮ЫŶԵϴں޻֮Ĳ״е˼顣
Ϊһʦ϶Ƕ൱˽ġڵϴ״ɰ֮Ы˽֪ʵûʲôΣգأƤʲôǵĹۣЫ΢һ͸ˣֻҪۣǲӰ˵ˡһ㱬ըˣ˽죬еǷƣΨһ鷳Ŀܾȭ˺ˣʱ˵ϴת˵ϴս˺Ҳ൱鷳
Ы磬лˡϴܵǺգ˵һοĳ˴û뵽һֲ~ûü˵ݻֱӾƴҪô޵ĳˣҪôǷǳףòô
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ڵ״ѾˣһпԶͿܲڵϴָһս֮ǰ˳ɰ֮Ыˡ
廹ûлָǿжˣܼսˣĻ᲻Ǻܶ࣬ɰ֮ЫƲϴһԼγԵĻˡ
ҪԼսʱβܷʵʵ̫ˡ룬ˮľóȫҩԼע˰ܣȻ󾲾ҩá
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а취ɿ𣿡
ȷɹϣ൱󡣡ˮľش
Ѿһˡ
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ǸôʵոԼͳĴܹһҲֵõġ
Ҫÿƴ޴βͣûа취Ǹĸ´ƿǡˮľԥҪһ㶼Ļˮľȥʲôȥֻˣʵڡ
ˮľĻ㲻ɵýĿҰޡ
Ҫϣɰ𣿡㲻ɵͷʹ˵ȻҪˣϾû̸ס
ڲ˵ʱ˵ףҲΪ˱ɰ̵ԼôָƴƴҰҪǱ°ߣľҵ鷳һӵսԼľҶĿ¶ˣǿɾĺ˵ˣ˭֪ǲľҶҪȡɰ̵սΪӰʧ٣ɰ̻ľҶɵô
һһ룬ܴȻŴҪĲУΪҰᣬˮľǲԸģϣˮľѾ御ˣûʲôòĵطԼŬʵǵ̫ǿˡ
Ǻðɡ㻹ͬˣҡټҰޣͻǸʦ˷Ǹ꣬˳һһγɹ
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׼øϽжɡˮľתͷҰ˵㻹ֵס𣿡
սȥܻܳԶûеĵʱ
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Ȼǲ޶Ĺôûȱʱ򣬹Ȼ츳
ˮľϢĲӦҪʡŵãƺûΪ²Ĺ


114 ǹ
ǾôˡҲǹˡ
Լߵļ˶ʹˣֻǿõϴʱɥʧսһ߸ǿĳɰ֮ЫƣߵƺҲû̫õİ취ˣܶƳЫȫʵ
ôˮľʵʵǿ㣬ͻ־ͲһҪˮľʹˣˮľ״̬Ҳ̫ʺٴԺʵǿĳɰ֮Ы
ҩȻЧΪֹ֧ŵסʱҲû̫˰취ˡ㿪ʼս񣬡ǸʦԲǿҪǿɿĽֶƷķĿǰȷ̫ˣֻҰΪǰƽ
ɰ֮ЫĸܻʹõĿܲͬв죬Ŀǰ˵ĹȷʵѾ㹻ǿģǾԵٶȣƺ⡣ҲǱȻģûкˣȻҲȱĿܡЫı֣ܳͲ˱ضжԲ֮УҲɥʧþ󲿷߶ķ
ô죿ܾܲôŰɣˮľʵ־ϵĹҲ൱ɹۣȻˣҲζŷǳģûˮľϢǳĲʵҲò˼ΣһʮҵСŮ̶ֳѾǺѵõˡһƣûܵ˺ȽҪĺܴʱ޷ȫʵϦպսֶ򵥵˵òŵ˵ĸ֪ʹ֪󣬵Ȼ߼ʲô¶֮漰ĶǲǵĻͲ˵ˡϦպĻʵ˵ôֻܹʣһ˵ĳɰ֮Ыþ治סٳϦպҲһѵõսֻ£ʵûзӵذˡ
ȫûֵ˼粻ܹܻ׽лĻǸֱ꣬ɱرϦպԸǳ˿סǸеϴģУԼȻָͲ˵οûô򵥾ܽˡ
㲻ĸоԽԽǿˣֺƺڵ׵ͳһƷԾͬһ֯ı־ֶ뷨֯ĳԱԲǷ֮Ҫ֪̽Ǻܶʵǿ̴͹Ҷû֪Щ·˵жôĿֲˣ˵ģȻץôȻһˣȻпβ޵ʵͷһ֣˲״
ʲôʱ̽粻ĵôһֲ֯
սƻˮľҲһʱԼƣȫҩ֮£ǿָ˴󲿷սܵ嵱ӿһٶǿˮľҲһĿЦЫ͵ϴϵùˮľѾ׼ˣôͿʼƴǴˮľԤϡ
ʱޱȵϣܹԮ
ǰˮľѣһӦǹشԮһжԼԤ֮ڣһξصĹԮˡܹڳɰ֮Ы͵ϴ˵Ϯ½Լһ˾ˣ籾Ͳ࣬ոպþȻѩּ̿ʣǵˮľǲָˡ
Ҫˣ׼ɡľҶʱѵľأʱɣ¶Լָսپɣĳɰ֮Ыƺûʼ棬ԼߵļѾĵĲˡ
Ȩ׺㻹ǾŵδȵʱƴһҪ̽ɰ֮ЫʵźΪһжṩο
Ѿ˷̫ʱˡˮľŶЫĸϴ򵥵Ĵһƣʹ䲻ʱƶȥ
˵ͷ漴ֻҰһȵЫɱȥŸװɰӵĴ«ҲָҰж죬ˮľҲĸ

ǱǸǷɣˮľһǰһȷϵովͲ˵ϴըĿˮľҲ뾭ڶˡɰ̵ߣõɰҲ൱ձʵõٱƭһΣˮľͲ֪᲻һλˡ
ҡҡͷܹƭ۵ķ࣬ǰǸʮа˾
ȻȷˣˮľҲʱģֻȴῴ׼ʱ͹ϳ
һԿɰӷ˷ϮմȾо綾Ŀ޺ǧҰͻȻʵǱǸʦܵķսʽƺеϤ
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̫Ұҡҡͷûм˿֪
ȻеݣҰ޼ȷˣĵ˾Գɰ̴塣ʦҪвõúõְҵмΪŨķɫʡɰ̴壬طֳɹģϵͳĿʦУˡɰ֮Ыսһ࣬ΪɰͷĿĺӵҰ޺־ϣʵͻжˡ
ӦĶԲ𣿡ʵʲô˽⣿
Ҫǿܻһ㣬ٿԵóۡޱҰѵ¶ǵı˵ǵʤĺС
ҰѾ˵ĺܿˣľҶʵǿʵǳɰ֮Ыıֲ̫ˣֿܵߣôҲһĿʦҿʦһսƣܵ϶ҲǶֶûôǿĿʦͿһڹǴ¡
Ȳô࣬δսӲľҶķ񡣡ᶨ˵ָǲԼߣܹþ͹ˡ
עҪӽˣС~ˮľѵ
ذҪԸĲλͻȻжǧΪɱΪͨ˵ȷʵǳԶܣǶҰ˵ȴڻ¡Ҫǧɱʵ̫ˣ͹ɰܵķ£ϴ״̬£ʵû̫ԸҰߵȻˣĻıβҲܹõһ޴ͿֲĶص
˵Χɰ֮ЫҲȻ壬βԲ˻޴ƣ˸Ӳӵܹ쳤ʹö˵̬˲òСӦԡ
ܣӲ~ͳԹβ̴Ͻѡ
ôֻҪͣźƷβ̣ԻʹøԱƷֻҪֹĻа취ġԭǧü͵Ĳ˿ߣǳɹβ̣ո˴ҰӣĻᡣˮľʵȫԸսľҶûһʦЫҲע⵽ԲĲ˿ߵĴڡʵе˲ԼҰҲʣһ֮ˮľͳһѷħ｣Ы߱ɰڵĻᣬ㡣
ڰ۵Ĺ۲֮£ز˿Ӧһġ
ȻˮľϣĽ｣ȻˮľѸٵķֳһӰٱһѷħ｣
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Сʲôáԣ͹̽׶ΣûбҪһ٣ô~ողԵĳɰ֮Ы׼β̴ڶöħ｣ȴֶˡ
ô£һЫȻ䷢֣β̵ĶһȦ˿ߣһͷȴƹ֣תڵڶ｣档
Ȼһ˻ĸʲôȥˣֻ鱨ûУȻԼ⣬ǶԾиҲЩˡ
ֻڶѷħ｣ڷɵɰ֮ЫϿյʱһ˱ظˮľӡ
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Ӳڹӣ˵Ҳ˿ܣǱЫɱӵģԭǸߵжôֲ
ˮľĲеһʱͻȻڲʼѿˮľȵĿУһƬźˮľͷ˹ߵˮľȫûзӦˣֻ÷תܵķӵȻŬŤת壬ƫתͷ
ֻ۵һֵĿˮľ߼Ȼڼιҵʹֱˮľ˹ȥھĶսҲһ㾭ˣ֪ʱԲܷɵģĻֻһ֮ңˡ
ҪǲܣԼ˰~
Ȼɰ֮ЫսԶԶĵϴԱȵģھƲ£Ͼͷת׷޶ȵɱ˵ˡ˿ûͻأ˷֮С
Σͷˮľٴ˲ֱ̳ɰ֮Ыؿ˵򣬱ƵЫò鵶ˡ
ϴ˵ûǵ鱨й¶ˡɰ֮ЫǳԵ˹Һܺ棬ô֪ҵڵģ
ԼҪ⣬ÿ߻ĪĽɣǡ֮У֪Լʵ״ģҲôһ
δشˮľо˿ڴѪҺˡͬʱһĸоȫɢ
жˣ¿ˡ
ˮľǿʱһֱڸвǿϦպϹסٴǰЫĵ֡
ȻôõĽʵ˴ʧ񱻿ƣҲ㡣ھһ¾ԭʧˮ׼Ĺˡ
µµΪϦպ죬һ¡
ÿյˮľϽʣµİҩٴκȥ룬ʣµȫ˿ڴ
ҪˡˮľҲ֧Ųסˣͷصĵڵϡ


115 ʵ
ûĳɰ֮Ы¶䱾ĿһͷƯĺ췢ɫ۾ῡڼкһǵĿʦһˡһۿȥƺͶ͵ϴ࣬Ҫһ㡣ǴӸղŵսеĲЭʵ̫ǿˡ
ɰ̳ߣЫ¶˱Ŀùֵݣȵûеһʱˮľƣʲôʱɰôǿߣ
ɰ̺꼶µģƺûбǿ~Ұ޴ıĿĻҴûм
Ұ޷Ĳ²⡣
Ҳɰ̡ԶƵ־ϺҲææòɰļ¼ûгĻܾܿǸˡ
˵꣬־϶ƺԼĲ²е˼顣
˵ǸſʦǧŵӣҰҲе˵ȷʵͦģҲСʱļƬͬһ𣿲˵ʧôʹڻţҲʮˣôӣ
ĿЫʹҲʮӣ־϶˶١
Ļ~־Ͻ˵ɾ鷳~
˿𣿡Ұ޲Ծ˵
һ뵽пܱǿ׵ǿɱ˵ˣ廹ҪɸָĿܣ붼˲
ˣˣǲ֪˵ʲôӵǿߣķӰҲŵǲս~
һ˵Ķʱƿԡ
ѻ죡Ӱ˵ȻҪ~
Ҳˮľ²Ұ޺־׼˹ƶû㴵ţƤһʿĻɡҲʸ˵󻰣ֻҪȭ̫ѶԸͣ㶼аմսٻغϣۼȭĳ̶ȣҲͱд۲ôһ㡣
ˮľܹôŲԶˮľʵղһĽʵʵҪǸղżˮľֵ̫ͣ˵ĻԲΪоȡ
ƸϽˮľߣͳһСҩƿóСҩιˮľȻ΢ˮľ𣬿ٵĸˮľսѪ˿ڰ
ȿȡˮľ³˼ڴѪĿˮǿ˵ʱˣҪǴ򲻹ǸʦĻƾû~
ˮľ֪ûеϢʱʱҪ˹ȥ̽罫Ĺ£ܸܿԼûжϵˡ
ǾͺáԷˣܹ˵ЦһʱˣȫҩѾ˶֤˽˵ǿҩЧģֻҪȻĻỹǺܴģڸãԺ˵Ҫˣȫˡ
ˮľתԼƵʱٵԽϦպ죬һ׵ȭʹƵóɰ֮ЫڽڰˡԭԳɰ֮ЫϦպһһʦһߣ˾ߣԿȫʵˡȻǸҲȾ󲿷ǿöࡣ֮£ɰ֮ЫҪռһ㣬ܱ޾ʹ̫࣬ںˣȫʹһЩܾ˵Ĵ򷨣һЩСأķḻЫսʽܹϦպ첻̫ӦλøһЩĴԣϦպڳԹλûʲôЧҲŶ޷ʵ£͸оʮֵˡ
ȷʵϦպĵùգͱƵĲ˵òһᣬԼ˷ѵ~
ߵǴĻ磬Ѿ൱ƣˣǱ˺þöΪ˵Ҫһɰ̵ȳǸԼһĪչʱ򣬻ˮľǰûϵһƽ֣ôܹðǿĽΪԼģ
ڴķǰȫҲľǵõ˸ƣ©ЫûǿµķٶȺԴƣȻ֪ʲôܱ֮ǰ״Ҫǿˣҽ񶷣绹ҲǿˣΪһʦЫԲ֮һ
ɰ֮ЫҲ֪ĴģƣϵĶĹǰľǡǡ˹
У¶˱ܵĳɰ֮Ы״Ҳǿһߡ
Ȼǿôûв˿ƣǰװ֮Ŀôо̫~
ɰ֮Ыͨ˵Ĳʽ˵˶˻ǽһܰˣ״̬һһڲأֻؿڿһҲܹķӡ֮УʳĲƱܵת
ǸҪôֻҪǸؾܸԷ˺~
Ϊǿʦ㲻Ы״Ӱжϣ˵ڰ֮¸޷ءԸǺõģˣҪҲǷΪܵĵطûرķ治״򵽳ɰ֮Ыˡ
ƣɰ֮ЫҲûļ˼Ϊ;Ҳǰ࣬ļЫ鲨֮⣬ʲôܹżģοԼԶûóơ
ʲôأ
״̬£ȻУϲԣټþͷų޴ʵҲ൱Ĺֶˣ
Ҳ֮۸Ͳó׳ˣô
ĳɰ֮ЫԥõֱƿĻᣬ˳ƶ㿪ҰץɰӴ֣Ϧպ춪Ŀ޲ܲˣϣײȻڵء
ؼٻ~漴ӳɰ֮Ыؿ˵λãϰٸ˿ߣӷӡзųϰٸӲơ
ڰ죬ƣȷʵաˣϣҲ˲õľˣԭֻܹŲ¹ֱ澰󣬽ܷϣɫΪ֮һ
˿µľڳ˶ŵĿɿڴ
һ֮һİٻݣȻ֪һ֣ۼ
ˣ˾Ծɰ̵ſʦɰ֮ЫҲǧ谮~ܹɰ̷Ŀӵ̶ֳȣҲֻǸȻڴִ˵ĳɰ֮Ыˡ
ɰ̵̣Ȼ̶ֳȵʵһӰҲ˰ɣ㾪ȵʵộ
ÿ̴屦ĲƸô׵ı̣Լû˵ɰзɰ֮Ыͨ
ʵݡ־ε˵ȻҶԶ飬ϸڲ̫˽⣬Ǿ˵ɰ֮ЫӣʧˣĿӰһ𡭡
ȻЫҲѵõſʦʧٵϢȴͬһʱʧٵӰڸˣûмκβʧٵӰһ¼˵̽ս
ҪȻɰ̲صʵʵһֱдڸеϦպ˿ֲ̣һβɲʲô˵˵ͿɺŪȥˡУǲҪˣ
ȫʢʱڶһùο˴ʱ򣬸Ӳʲôˡһ֪ɰ֮Ыûĵơ
΢һµ㣬Ըˡ
ȥҲȫûϣȭԸܵжϲ˿߾ˣʵ̫ˣҪԺʹӮˣһҲҪòˣοʤҲ
˾ˮľҲǿվҩãһ̲ͣƣ΢ظһж
ôӰֻǸոձƳ˳ɰ֮Ыİٻݣ߾ЪˣôĴֻۣǻ˵ϴȻЫϰһ¿ôĿӰĿܶûóʲôɰ編ɰɢ֮ģĿǰʸûô
Ұ޶ỹβʲôʵˮľҲúһǲľͲд۵İ£˵ϴǴҰӣǧİ»ЫǿĻľãǧߣòƲûУϦպ͵ߣսȰθߵʱ򣬲ܽسһΣٴﵽǲٳ¶ˮƽĻɲóܳ䲻ĵһΣһСҲܻɹѹءѹֺϦպ켸ڰ۵״̬ڰ˰Ҳʵϴڱɢ״̬ˡ
Ϧպʵãʵ仯̫ˡ
ˮľͰķչϹڣƹҲˮ׼ˡ
һҰӣĽɫ޿ȡûܹӣ塱ĹӰɰ֮ȻǧӮٻݡ
ļˣһĽɫԱ𲻵мã־ϺҰ޵óǾƣߵģˮľҲùֲϡԣˮľ䲻Ĵ˵ϴսУһǰ״
ҿ£սˣĿ꣬ľҶ˷ľҶľȻѿǼҲ޻˵ѾĿǰ⼸ܹԸˡ
˰죬ҪǱôҪ߲ĻӸը絽ƫ˭ɡ


116 º
˵ü򵥣ʵʵʩҲô׵ġһγֻ˵úˣ˵˾Ǵ򲻹Ҫܡ
ȻôҪжϺԱȻĻͱɼ򵥵ˣܻܿܵÿĻܵľҪùˡϸˣˮľͻȻ䷢֣Լܵһ˾Ͳ˵ˣٶȼϦպһ㣬ٶҲ첻ȥҰ޺־ϣûֹʲôٶسԣˮľʿߵģҲһ
õĲǷɢܣҲûбܻԼĻҰ޵ʾ޽ӽˡٶȲУǵ˵ĿҰޣǳ׽ڵһβغףȻڵʵʵ׶༪١
һֻӷ׵Сӣ˾ƣ֮⣬мȫûսˮľԱڳɰ֮Ыв֮£ҲֻԽԽĿܶϮ񣬻ʵǿΪҰΪ־ϺϦպΪ֧ԮĴƺԱˮľֻǸ·˰ˡ
ȭܹϴĲ೤ʱ䣿ˮľһƣ˺۵ܣһʵ
ϴ״Ҳ൱ҪģֻҪܹظʵľҶһܴƾҪһˡ
ˮľ⣬ǵشѽҪϵǾѾǼˡ
ʱộˮļ̌ͷ˿ԶѾֳһƬɫգûжʱˡ
ҡҡͷ˵㲻ָÿһ˶ţԼɻ졭
ּҵˣϾͺڼвࡣҪȭһ״ڵϴϡܿܵϴѾˡͬڲͬʹóҲԶ飬ƿɾûǸʵˡ
ƵĽͣˮľҲֻͬĵͷִ飬ˮľܲţҲûȤȥյ״ˮľͷ۲ѡ
ô죿ȵϴظ˷пܷĳ̶ȣľҶһˡ
£ܶһոհѵϴôҵˮľɲΪԼᱻϴһ
Ԯļ𣿡
ˮľſϮս˵ҰˣҰ޻ãֻϵƣ֮ɫҲԽԽβסˣĲսôãҲЩԲˣ²ܼһᣬϵƣԽֲסˣϾҰҲֻһʮҵĺӣһѾ൱ѵˡ
ٻҪСУҪȻľҪˡ
ʲô·ǿߡɺ֮ľԮˮľһʼûʲôָĿǰֻû֮֮ǣӲҪ˵ĻҰһϷ൱صĽɫûеϴЫҲܷ׻ĳ̶ȣҪȻҲץߡβ޲Ҳˡ
Ȼ֮翵ĶָȴˮľԼԮѵĲǴϢˡ
Ծͨӡһѧͨˮľ˵Զ봫һϢǿܹġȻ˵ˮľԼıɽկʵʱͨԼ͸ԽȴζŲܽ鱨֮佻ķʽкܶ࣬ԡ֫Ϣ鼮Ǵֽ൱ЧĴ鱨ķ
ԣˮľȻռͨˮľЩĵáϢɲˮľķԭУͨ޴ϢĿɲһҪַľҶΪƽأ˶ľɽģʽءǣˮľҲһЩԤģɽկ߶һЩǵͨޣ䱻һͨٻʱܹ֪µ鱨봫ݵϢˡ
ڴѾɳԮˣʱ䣬ԶԶϲϰ̫߱ˡ
Ϯ°ҹս൱죬ʱҪɽկȥԮӻҪзӦʱ䣬ɳԮƿ첻һҵľǣˮľһٶȲ죬ƾԮȫǰСӦÿԵˡ
ӣ֧ŲǸʱˡ
ˮľǲ̫ľҶӣ峤ɰǶڻǶ⣬Ӱ޴ĶľҶ̽ĻƤҲǱǹˡ
еϡ٣Լһֱڸʱ䣬ʱȴǲá
Ϯ˵ͻ˵ˮľĴֿ֮ԡΣյĶ̽Ŀ۽ڣΧΧٲ˱鷳ţͺñһΡ֯һβҰޡ
Ҳɱˮľ˫ۣľ޴գȫ׼ɵĸųˣɰ֮Ы͵ϴš
Ҫ˵ҰޱϮû٣Ȼˣһȷɵġ˲֪ˮľףľҶƻʧ֮󲻾ãǲ͸һľҶͼ߾βˡȻûгɹǲȴ¶ľֱҲѵһ٣ǲץ˵ʹʧˡ
һĻԭΪ֯ĳǳˮľ˽úġǣΪһʵڵ磬鶼ģܾôƬ⡣
֯Ȼɳǲ͸ǱľҶץβˣȫ׼ȻľҶܵ˾޴Ĵ˲ͷ춼սˣ̽ʵڣȻҶľҶˣôʵǿĸֲȱġ֯ƾʲôβ飿ץŴβ޵ļƻһͼûа;ֵĿܣڵġ֯ʵǺܴ̽磬Ŀǰûһ䲻ҳֵ
һΣǿһβҰޣһǳõĿꡣ˵ϴͳɰ֮Ы治һֵ顣
ʵϣ֮ġ֯ռβ޵ļƻȷʵΪֹˡľҶƻϡ֯¶β޵ͼһľҶǳģǹ˳β֮ˣҲ͸ֵļ⣬ΪҲһʱĵ֮󣬵óˡ֯ͣƻ鱨ŵԽ˵жơ
ԭҲô֪ϢģԼ鱨ʲôû˿ἰ꣬һЩԼ˽鱨Լ֯ͻȻķƻƺˮľ뵽һЩʲô
ˮľΨһֹʵ̽翪սġ֯ͣƻԭֻβԼ⣬ʹüŴβ޵Ҳ겻ˡ
βޱ־Ȼ᳹ǲʱβǰΪʲôһٶĽˣӡô򵥵ĶԶдĶ࣬β޶޷ѡӡڵβҲڷӡ֮ܵǣòǣֻҪ಻β־壬ֻҪʱ䣬ͻڵ鱨β󸴻ȫָʱꡣԣΪʲôĳɳڣˣԭ
һʱȷʵһˣǾĴˮӰʸ֣βˮӰ֮λߣȴǲд۰пƣһִѪ֮Ĺؼԭʸֵûϸֻ֪ʱʸȷʵˣȻˮӰڤˮӰ֮λ
ˮľƶϣʮа˾ţǲ͸޲׽βʧܺ󲻾ãˮ֮ͷϱʣβڶҲץˣΪ˷ֹݾߣж̫ܵĸţò׽β޵жƴ鷢ԲҲĵԼ껺鱨
Уǲ͸޶ӦжˣС񣬺ܿûüִоΪʸֵıȡˡһΪˮľΪĺЧӦ˲Сı仯
ԭҰӦں˴սһ󣬱־Ͼߣ£˻ٵ뿪Ӫɰ̴塣ɰ̴Уǧĸ֣Ĳ֪ǿߣҪץҰޣزǼɵ顣һξûô鷳ˣǿ⣬Ĳ̫õϴͳɰ֮Ы̶ֳȵǿ߲ĿˡֱɱҲͲΪˡ
ºҲ޼£ǰҲĿǰľ˵׻ҪôֵԮ˵һѣ
ʮֻܵİΧ¶ޱȵĸɵҳΧȷѪ˿ڡˮľ֪Ҳֲ˶ˣһ͵¶Ϊ档ҰޣǵٲϢô۵ιȥĻһβغֿԳ͸͸ˡ
Σ֣ˮľҲûдųغסȲ˵غ״򲻴ùɰ֮ЫϣһܸɵԼβϣˮľûŸոغӲ˺һ˸Сغףһ֣һҪɱľԼǿӡС͵
ûа취ˣըɣըʲôรˡ
˿ҪˣˮľҲͲٵˣóӡᣬһȫûǲ¡壬һӡʱռĲ
Ȼעݡ꼻һֵ㲻̫ƽҪԻû㣬˵Բ󣬺úÿɣճء
һȻȥָоһξΪ³çĹΪԱɱһ¡壬Լѹ˺þáһҪһΣĲ


117 ֮
Щ飬һ˵һΣҲסڶΣΣΡĻ޷԰Ρ
ŪĶУһ⵽ӦģҲһԼҲɣΨһΪԼ绤ɣΪѶΪ֮
ˮľе벻Ҳûа;ϵ뷨Ұ޳Χص飬ˮľҲԥǲӡʱĲֱӱע뵽¡֮ڡ
ʲôƿˮľֵĶʵɲĸоƺ˸еʮֵ񡭡
һƺʲôģĶӡض˼ɵԾ˸е䲻ͨϺɫĲƺȥ˹
ţˮľСĽ⿪˷ӡڷӡ򿪵һ˲䣬ԿԸоŸչ壬ڿزλãԲнٶԽԽ졣
ôһŹĶɵɫԽԽŨˣˮľ㵽ʲô
԰ꡣˮľЦŴʵʩ֮ǰ˵ˮľе㷲ĻѾʼжˣҲ޷ͷˣҲڷˡ
ôܰĵˣƽʵԲðɡ
ֻҪɵӣ۶ܹһŲ壬ǹֵĲע룬嶼ӡӡһƬһصƺƾյȻɵ֮УͼǸۿɼٶȿٵ
ˮľԵ״ѾǿŪȥĳ̶ˣһסˮľҪһ͡
ĳ㹻ȻĿ¡壬ѾʼϵɢһĲҪ˿ܻǺ˽⣬ڰ۵Ĺ۲£˲Ϣ޷ڲء
ô£ִ֮£Ϧպ־ҲӶӺҰҲˮľǰǸȲѡ۹ǿߣֲܷеΣա
ءˮľʵ˵ţɻĿУָָԶֻɫèͷӥ𣿡
ǣ˳ˮľָķһе⣬ǸǵϴѾָôô찡
ڳˣֻҰ޺־ϾԲ˶սߣȻףܵʱ򣬶ƿƵʱ򣬶ԼεľָȵܵùϷɵģǵϴˮȻĻҪ߼ֱ췽ҹ̷
óʲôϵô
Ұ޵Ļˮľ˵һʲô취ô
һʵƿԣ˲ս֣ԮʱָˣϮ˵ͷ
õĻ˵⣬ֹЩΪѵĿǸı仯ε
İɣһнеɡˮľ˵ɲʲôֵ飬
ǾˡˮľĽͣҲһԴӳ˴֮ͬƵˣԲᱻľҶܵġɣҲֲľҶʹļ䣬ǴʵʩľҶƻɱĿӰӴ޴֮ҪйˮľʵϢر¶ĻǾԲк³ġ
Ȼȷʵǲⲻһʻ
ʹ˵ǲˮľͻеΡ
ǰѾһСӸ߶ȵûκζ֧ţȴƯڿСͷε˫ǣҷβסˣһ¶ĳڲĲ̬ķɫҲ͸һ˿κ졣ǣ֫ĩˣϵĿʼήأָ⿪ʼһƺڻƮڵء
ˣ߰ɡ
ŲԶѸٸϹĵϴͳɰ֮Ыˮľ㽨
ôֵʵôﲻܲˣ
ˣҲܲš
ܳɰܣ˶þͻȥĿǰˮľ벻κηܹȵġҿ̫Ҳ̫ΣˣҪǱϣôԸԼĲ˵
ðɡͷȻˮľԼ˵ҪǾûʲôϵˣҲֻһԣӰ˳˵ļƻȻⶫɢϢԽԽ죬ǣһɰ֮Ыǿ޽ʵټһƻ˵ĵϴ󵽵ܲЧҲұ̫ϣ
һ԰ɡ
ƯڿеĿ¡֮˺ٴηɿĿʼ
һᣬèͷӥĵϴ͵ִľҶһͣĵطٶȼȳɰ֮ЫҪһ㵽
ţʲô׷𾢵ĵϴͻȻ·ǲĿ¡壬Ӳʲôöҵ֮£ǰɡ
ٹĶڵִУҲԲܵסԼıըֻʮֻըϴӿ·Ŀ¡ûκж˼ֱӾͱţȻը
ɵˣȻжܵĴ
¡ķӦʵڳϴϡϴҲû̫ģôܼıըֶΣʮа˾ҲᱻըƬˡ
ϧûϴô򵥡ֻը¶˺Ŀ¡塣
ô
ôıը˿ܣӲıţҺ˵Ѿֵϴķ롣
ôˣϴʲôô˵ʽ֮͸Ϲĳɰ֮Ы
Ы磬㿴ǸһǱĵϴһͷͷɢ˥սһĴԴϵĽ𷢣Ͳǰţһٶĳͷɥĵϴûʱͳɰ֮Ыͷ˼
ʱҲû˼͵ϴЫҲ˳ŵϴָķȥ
ףǸʲôľˮĵϴҲɵһ㶣ǸɢϢһ˸߹һˣѹȸмֱ˸е˼顣
ô죬Ы磬Ҫƹȥ𣿡һĵϴ˾ҲʵǲҴˣһ﷭ĻԼԺڡ֯ɾҲ̧ͷˡ
ɰ֮Ыƽ˵ôֵĶƺǷǳõĿزġ
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ֻԭ¶ɢһΧһжųľ޴󲨶ʹÿ¡Ժ֧ŵڿУҵϴǿ׵ıըô򵥵ıֵ⣬ûи¡˿˺
ֶǻǿ߰ɣЫ~ϴ˵һ޷ԵĿֲƺͲԴˡ
Ҫģϴɰ֮Ыܾ˵ϴٴεĽ飬ϸǸϾҪ~
ֻ¡ٶԽԽˣ˫ֺ˫Ѿʧһ룬ٶȣۿĲλҪˡ
֪ո˵ǲ֪ηڵϴͳɰ֮ЫվڲԶſ¡ı첻ϵʱڣһ˾Ķǵƺ˿¡岻ͣϣͬʱԭյ˫ͻȻȻΧƶȻһգƵųⲨҲ漴
ʱ򡭡
׼ʱĳɰ֮ЫҲˣӸղŵڣ¡һֱûֹͣڶ쵽زˣôȥҪΪһõĺڻˡ
ֻֻٶĿܣת۾ɱ˿¡ǰѳһ¾͹ᴩ˿¡øոۿĿ¡㵲ѡԭʶģ£廹ܹܵɢֵ˺ڳ֮ȫûпĿ¡һ¶ת۾ͱɰ֮ЫŵĿܸ˴⬡
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һ۾ֻһȦȦ״Χͫ׵Ĺ벻Ϸ˳ɰ֮ЫƺΪʲôճԼܵ˺
Ы磬ǸǡǸǡ·Ŀ¡˹˫ۣϴѾŵ״ˣǵϴգһٻ˵ִ˵еֻۡ
𳳣ϴ֪ɰ֮Ыһ˿ηһ˿·Ŀ¡壬񻰴˵еۣ֮û뵽ٴμ첻˵һ޶ֻۣע֮ôֳһԣʲô첻پǡôúÿһĻ~
Ҳɰ֮ЫԳֻЦͶֻ۵ĸ̬¡ƺȷ˳ɰ֮Ы͵ϴĵݣֻΧһһȦܱѸٵĵȻţԳɰ֮ЫΪģһȦ޴ѸɢΧһУϴèͷӥɰ֮ЫٻõĿܡΧľأѸٵĿʼۼ
ͬʱ¡ʧٶٴ˺һأƺֲ˶þҪʧˡ


118 ԴԶ
ÿһֻ۵ĳ֣߶˵ٴγǰ˵ֻӵи񻰼ܹ֮Ʊ߾Ŵβ֮ǡħҪ˵еʲôΪ£ôʣֻ֮תĿֱֲӽ̽Ĺ˸ϡá
һ磬ƿȡʱάתͳ˾ڲԤ֪δ¼СֹܻؼӵǿĴͲľҹֱӳΪĴڡ˴Ͳľ£̽һˣҲߣֻ۵ӵ£ݽĸͲľҹӡʮβ룬ָΪŷݣΪ̽ľŴβޡеΪ춨Ľ̽˵̽ľʵһ˵Ĵ˵һֱΪǿڿഫ
ӴԺ̽Ҳûгֹֻˣ˵ӡ޺Ͱ޵ų̶ȣҲûпֻۡһֱǲߣֲǧϸ޺Ͱ޵תںϣŽͲд۱Ϊִֻ˵еۣ֮仰˵Ҫںϣֻܹۡ
дȻϿԾĳЩֶαֻۣǣдۺֻʵֲͬͫԽд۵ֻ۵ĳ׶ΣϽͫǱ˴˶õģҪʹһͫͱ뾭лȻˣǲ԰æͬʱֻͫдۣԴүүӸҵǣܹ²Ϊ档
˵ҪֻۣݾбزٵĲ֡
Ϊʲô¡ֶֻܹʵԭܺ⡣˷ΪҪ˵˳Ϊ֮˵ΪʾԵΪ̽綩ֹǼǲܵġ漰Ĺ˵ų̶ȣôĵ飿
ˮľĹ۵ÿһĳܵ޶м޵ġǰսԺΪʲôֻùһΣȻս˾͸һʲôɢԼ˸ıҵʲôƺ¢ϣʲôȨ֮Ŀ֮˭޷ԵĹãĲɢʶÿﵽ˻֯뿼ǵ⡣
ͺñ̽磬ҪֻĿʲôЧǲҪΪӡ֮£һʱ벻˫˫ֻ۴սľҶΪƽô죿ܹʹֻ˵Ļߵʱ˭ܹ֤鲻ᷢ㹻ʱڣǷļʼͣڳɹģ£ĿҲߡ
ԣˮľ˴ͲľµΪȻ֪û˽ģٷеĶǸһƻĴըݱΪݺ֮ޡޡǧ䡢ǲߡǲǲһеţ¶˵Ѫᣬһֻ۵ı߶ֻǲߣڴӵ£Ϊħֲǧϸǿݵںϣŷ˻ֲֻֿͫķ
һУǺԵɵģйɿѰҵ˵Ϊĳ˵ȷʵǶ̽ġеΪҲȷʵ˲Ч
ǣӵֻ۵Ŀɲֹֻһ˶ǵһͲľҹͱҪöࡣ
͵ʳʵĴͲľҹ˵ݾǲ֮ԴͷĽָôͲľҹʮβָ߶ķֻۡ籾϶ǼΪԸֻ۵ģԭȨֻ۸ռһ˵ǲܷġ˳ӦԸһֻ۲ɢĺšıǲߺǲֲ͵͵ֻۡ
ȻжٺھգǾһˣΪͲľҹڱ׷ӡ֮ǰһɶ־ƻ˵ĹʮβƷӡԸֻˡ
Ϊֻ֮۵ڣΨһһָܹܿƣӶֻ۵Ĵˡ
ԣȻûۿʵˮľԿ¡ֻҪ֧ŵסջõֻͫ۵൱϶ġҪ˵ΪʲôĻΪˮľȫҩ÷ǳ˽Ⲣ൱š
ѾԻǲĿ¡˵Ĺ˴ͲľµǱֱԴѪĴͲľҹֻҪ㹻ĲԿ¡˵Ͳľҹ飬¡Ҳ
ֲֿǱҲѹˮľԿ¡ʵ൱ˣɰ֮Ы͵ϴʵȷʵҲǶˡȻˣҪսȰθߵų⡣ЩһܺʹáǰںҵٲնսʹüͿд۶Ҫϸʡòľں潫ǿ󵽿µܺ˺þõľͬһˡƺ⣬ʮβ֮ȡ֮֮һˡеĵˮľȻûԿ¡ڵ״˵ǽȫ׼ˣܹһͲд۾ͲˣӲ˵ֻˡģԲһ־ҲôõĿ¡ܹ֧ŵġӡֶ˿¡忪ֻ۵ĿܡӡֻĲ͸֧׼ȷ˵ǽ¡;ΪܸˣӡΪ֧㣬˶ȡ֮ߵȻȻϳӡԶͨĲ޽ӽĸ߶£ӡѹեֻ۵ͻˡֻ۵ʺʱܳãͿ¡άֶõˡ
ˮľΪʲôûд¡ֻ۵⣬˹ǵ֮⣬ʵ̫ΣҲҪԭ֮һ
ӡķ֮£ոյʶƫƫӵױȵǿˮľУͺñһ¶֪СӣһǹƫƫһǹԾԾԣʱһǰҪСӵġߡҪûеǹı£ⲻΪʲô˵ֻ۵ķˮľʱû뵽ͬΪ߶˵Ҳֻзӡ˵ܹһˡûֻ۸ˮľооڼڤ˼ôܸһԸֻ۵ķӡҪˮƽĻҪֻ۸ʲôԼڼˣ¡һѵġҹȭ񣬽Ǹ岻аҲһ٣ʲôװŪ
Ȼˣ϶ˮľƽʱûʱ򣬰Ϲģ֮һͳһ̽󣬿Ҳ˵
ˮľȻСҴֻ۵⣬ǲû˻ȥϴͳɰ֮ЫԾˮľѰ·ˡ
¡ʶԾͲʲôͲֻǱܵʹǿųֻƾűܾͿԷ󲿷ֵĹˣֻڴ֮±ɰ֮ЫĿܴ˰ˣƵɰ֮Ы͵ϴĹҲ޷Կ¡˺ˡ
ڿ¡ڽɰ֮Ы͵ϴȷΪĻֱ֮ӱܵľͶԳɰ֮Ыʹ˵رǡȵùľǿĵϴ˲ͺԼ޴èͷӥĶáţһȦȦΧŵĿܼűһִأıۼһγһ޴Բ״ƯڿУȻѸٵıѹѹʵ𽥵Ľϴͳɰ֮Ыûڷӡʯ֮С
ԶѾӵһξľҶһˣо޴ĶɵûͷֻصֻҪǸ֪׳գᵽеơ
Ǹʲô˾޴ͳԽһߵʶǸô
ղĶ˵Ǹ޴ӡҲǽɲܷʹõģⷽ˵ȷʵ
ôε㣬ɵ˵
־󣬺ͼഫֻмܿľ˵ƣԭܶ¼ΪЩԶﴫ񻰹ºͻĵĴ˵ˣû뵽ļƵһĻѵ˵кܶҲ𣿡
ΪԴԶ壬ԴͲľĲѪҲвǧ֮ǰһЩϣо󲿷ֶѾɿ֤ˣһһû˻ЩȤû˿ȻҲʲôˡ
ԭִֻ˵е֮ʵڵô˵ĻҲģô̧ͷ˿ԼԼ쿴˵£˼Ĭ
˶ԶĶﲻѵʱͻȻһ춯صıըӷӡʯڲԭӡʵʵıʱðһơ


119 ֵ
ֻ۵ǿģǶԿ¡˵ҲǿɵάֵġûӦȴŪ˿ֱֲСˣ󴸣֧ŲסǿʹãҲζŸ
ֻѾΪˣųϴͳɰ֮ЫĹѾ帺ɴӣڿʼõرǷӡɰ֮Ы֮ıٶȼӣڶ̶̵ʱڣزѾûˣʣµĲҲάֲ˻ȶˡ˫۵ֻڲʼһƿʼĸӡһ˿˿Ѫߴûɹ£ѸٵĻΪŲķĩƮ䣬ʹ¡ȫ·һʵС
رγɵķӡƯڿУտ¡ܲܳ׷ӡɰ֮Ы͵ϴ˵׼м޷ԤƵ黹̫ˡ
һ춯صıըȻûըӡ򣬵Ǿ󲿷ֵȫ¡壬ֻ档˾޴ֻۣƵɢ̶ٴεļ٣ԭϸ緢˿Ҳ
Ǻܿ죬ڶֲıըٴδһԭ֧ŵĿ¡ҲܲôǿȵˣӡϵṩԿ¡ȷӡӿٵıˡ
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һж䶨֮һӰһɢ˳ǽӹһٵĳɰ֮Ы
Ϊڵرǵǿ֮±סɰ֮ЫóԼеĿܣԼıİΧġǿԼһ㱣һ滺ص£ǿ
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ԵϴĽǲִеġԼܹеһ޵Ŀ˼ıը֮γɹĴڲ˷ӡ򣬲ڵϴжޣ޷뱬ը̫ԶԱըҲкܶ඼˵ϴ
ʵǿĳɰ֮ЫӦԵֶαȵϴҪö࣬ڿ¡̱֮󣬵һ˳ֻٴԳӰĳɰ֮Ыڵ׺ƵѾƵòˣɰ֮ЫһקڵϡЫһԼʧ˺ǲأԼӵ͹ˣǰʹõĳؼٻݣڿʮݶˡ˿ܵģؼԼĲһˣ棬ϾܲĲ޵ģʹǿʦһ㶼ǿɫΪԼμ˵ͣսôãϰٸܺ͵սϰ죬ڿܵ᲻ϵƣˣǲӦ;ϵƣʱôҲѲ˵ġ
ɰ֮ЫҲû̫յȴĮҲͳɰ֮ЫԼɱûóйأԼǱģɱһǹɰ֮ЫҲаսȫܡ
ϵв㣬ûмʱѹԵ˻壬ʧ󡭡
β׽һβжĿǰΪֹĳɰܵʧɰ֮Ы׵ġ
̵Լ״󣬳ɰ֮Ы룬ټ˽ʣֻܣѸٵĿʼڸ֪ķλڣһᣬ֪ƣĿܾڳһӡͻȻӵײһͻȻһ¡һͷͷͿԭģĵϴðͷˣҪһ˫ɫ͸˫ۣϲù˻ǰĵϴ
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һ˵ĳɰ֮Ыһ߻ָܽϴ˳
ܹؼˡڳĵϴɵ˵ղžôһᣬΪʹȥ
һܹӵȷʵǵϴ˴ˣһߵʱҪǵϴϵñըڲҽΣܾı޴ѹˡ
ȫͷ֮⣬Ҳһûй۵ĵطԵϴ˵ĳɰ֮Ы˵֮⣬״Ҳ൱á
ˣ֯ôһٶϲУƲƣ
üֵסˡɰ֮Ыͷûɣ˵ʱҪ𣿡
ȻҪˣһҪЫأȻһǼΪըġ
Ȼŵ㣬۵ġ
˵ŵĳɰ֮Ыһܣ޷ĵϴȻ׼ٴζǰȥ׷
ȵȣЫ硣ϴֹ˳ɰ֮Ыһûеȫûõĳ̶ȣʣôһ㱬ըɡ
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ʱһõľٴγ͡
߰ɣǿʲôֶֹܹǴɡ
ţ˳žٴľҶһߵķ׷˹ȥ
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ͻݵôôģѵ绹бȴͲľ»ҪҪô
ˣȻŻ磬ǵҲǼ̳˲ѪͳߣԼų̶ȣŻк˵Ĵ˵
˽Ҫúù۲죬ϸĿûпõĵطָǲǲߣ̫һ㣬˫գһ״ͲôˣڿֶһѡֻۻǳֵԽԽðͷ۵飬ٺòˡ
Ȼʱ֪˭־׵ľٶԼ鱨ռҳؼǼΪɵ顣
ֵܹĻǾˣֱ߻ĵӻɫûôֿЦ壬ôֻۣ
˿Զ¡ƮɢĺڻңԼʧٵֻۡ
־ѹȺʹͲľµµĺֵֶסĶҲ䵱һԵƷˡַֻϣܷá
һ½ֻ۵İ׾ŶͲľµĻ棬һΡ

ĺʧˡǳ;УҲʱð۲״̬˵׷ˣϡ
ô᣿ûɱǣ򵥵鱨ͽһ˵ϣ÷飬ǵںʲôĹս
ܹôãǵѾ൱ˡˮľʱĲԵôϴҲǺ˵ģһǸô죿
ӭն˵ѾôԶˣôȥǾͻȱˣǲܵùžĵ˵ģͣץʱָȻһ
һֻ۶¶ˣôܹӵҲ֪ж鷳
ľҲûдڲ֪ʱԮ£ܵþƣȻӭսͨݴ͵ĵˣʵǲǣܲٶһֻˣһε˿ɲɵĲˡ
ٻݹѾˣӸղŵĶϴҲ̫вôʣµģӰɰ֮ôͷ۰
ִ󣬻о綾ƻ̾ߣֱ赲ҵȭӦ˶֮⣬ܹṩģ۵ùǺҰ޵ɰӣֻˮľĲǿṩһˡ
ʤ㻹еģؼƣϮˡ


120 ʦ
ʤôԴŽսʱͻȻˮľʡ
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ʤĻȸղҪһ㡭ˮľС˵ֽɫ򽻵һкô
ٻֶȷʵ̫ˣȻֿܶϣǿ֮ǰȷʵ޽⡣οɰ֮ЫĿܣ󲿷ֶǿ˿ܡ
ս൱ɫҪ㣬Ǽֲڡÿһս߶ǰ׳գʶĴ㻹ʲôõķô
ûʲô취ˡˮľҡҡͷ˵ƶѾˣضҲൽ˼ˣͿ˭ֵסˡ
㲻ÿɷĵͷƺϿˮľ˵ϴͳɰ֮ЫȻǿ󣬵ǵ׻ûߺķ룬ǿ˵Ļֶ已̥ҲͳĿʦһûһ˵֪
෴ǸղŵرǾ޴͸޷ӵĴ󶯾޷ӣֲֿľ󣬼ʹĴ˵
ղ޴㻹𣿡ֵĲǺ⣬㻹̲סʵ
ûˣֶôôࣿȻǳֻģҲûʲôЧˣ˲ԵͬһΡңҪõĻ˭ȱֻң˵׼ϴͳɰ֮Ыڵر֮±סı£Լ߿ɲУֻ۵ʵ̫ˣһ˶մž
ˮľĻشһʧȻ֪ˮľóĵʲôҪǻ޴ĻԼߵҲᰲĲ٣ҲһЩ˼ɡͬʱҲ˽ĵģǾۿ֤ʵԼĲ²⣬ǸǲǴ˵еֻۡ
ʱ䣬ѾҶ׼ˣֻɫľѸٵĽӽȻڲԶǻľҶһˣ۲ſܵ
ô죬ʦսҲǺԶġУֻϦպ״̬ãûܵʲô˺ͬʱսҲԶ˴־ϣ˺üδ״ϦպҪ
ϦպҲôҺͷۣԶĹͶ֮̾Ķʵûôʲôǧޡ｣֮ĶԳɰ֮Ыּ߲áڴԶ빥᲻ãʵڻвôôҪôֻзųβ޷յˡָĿǰ״̬µҰȥץžĳɰ֮Ы͵ϴʵ̫ǿˣ־ϵķݣڵǿˣĲܲöǸ⡣
ûа취ʦĲ˿ȻԷųԶǸʦôĻһúܲҡȻʮǣǶϦպ⣬㵹ûзϣʦĲ˿Խ˵Խôû˿ʦݵĿܣûκôġ
ڵ״ȷʵȸղźöˣٻܹսĿܡˮľҲʱ˵֮ǰǵصĿܣֱ˾
ܹʲôæô־ϺҰڵ״ѾʺڵһսˣĴҲ᧿ΣҰޣôȥĻһβغҪˡҪǴ˳˳ɰ֮ЫҪһβޣǴҿɾˡ
ԼҲ֪ɰʱָˡǿһˮľǿһ·ȫҩýķãټʱҽã˻΢ео˳֮⣬ѾûΣˣյر
β֪᲻иô󱬷Ҫ֮εܾû˾͵Լˡ
ϴǴӮˣʤգͬԼһһԹ˲Ͼˣ˵ȫ⣬浽Ǹʱ˭һزԱ
ѵ˾ô｣Ϳ޴ô˵һֻ˦ûЧԴڿȣˮľ;ȫʲôã°ϱըҲ࣬ϾĻôһ˺ʹˮľϴһò˿͵Ϯϴͳɰ֮Ыһοɲһεˣ͵ϮΪҲͳ䲻֮¿ܻеЧ¶֮ڳɰ֮ЫֿʦǰСֶΣǴǰŪ
ˮľ⣬ûһܹĿǰܿðԿΨһһˣǿֶԣٶȲеļʵ̫Сˣǵ취
ʲôԲߣɰ֮ЫͿʼˡԶУֻһܱųԵݣת˲𾪵ˡ
ôܣ־һӰ˿ܣѾŵɫһޱҰҲݡ
Դ̫˽ʵʲôǸܡ
ʲôԲԵ⣬ǸӰ˿ܡ
˿ܣΪˣҲǼʶˣϾӰʧٶʮǰˣ˭ҲһܺǰһʧԱ뵽һ
ȻӰúơصͷȷϵǸʲô𣿾˵˿ܣ
־ϻûлָ㶵Ŀϵ˿ܴ˿ܣǳɰ֮Ыģû˵ɵĿܣܹѪ޽磬Ǵ˵нɵĿ
˵Ǹܵǻ˸ģ㾪ȵʵȷ˵Ѫ޽磿
ǵġ־ϿɬشΪųǿӰʧ֮û˻û뵽Ȼᱻ˿ܡ
ǲ˼ĿءˮľҲԵ̾ԼǾٲά裬ֻŪһЩûɶãİƷɰ֮Ы츳ˮľĽѣѪ޽˵ûʲôáΪӰʧ٣˵սЫҲˣһְ̽
Ҫһϯսǲ鵽׻ʲôӣ˭Ҳ˵׼˶֮ƫת
Ѫ޽簡ǺͼӰƵݣɵ¶ġ
ΣԼԲ۵ĲܴԼ⣬Ȼͳ˼ˡ
Ҫɰ֮Ыڳ˵һȽϣôһѪ޽硪ۣдĴ˵еֱͫ˴ΣΪ峤ûӡģҲζţûκηֹɰ֮Ыͨ˿ܵļðˡ
״̬ҲȷʵĽȻսһǴҶ̶̵֪ʱھǾʱˡ
ս鼫ḻĳɰ֮ЫûнӰ˿ֱⲫ£ľҶҵᣬж˲˿ߣӶƻӰ˿ܣǿɾĿˡβץʲôĶԳɰ֮Ы˵޹ؽҪӰ˿ܣɾ൱ˡ
ԣʲôȫеȵЩĻ壬ûʲôˡɰ֮Ыõģǧֲ䣬ֱֻϵķһ˲ٻһƬĸֱۣѸٵѹ˹ֱ£Ҳֻٶ죬鱨յȫ棬Գɰ֮Ы˽һˮľʱĶ˹ȥ˾ûôˣֻüǿǿҪѾ൱ѵˣ棬ٶҰңֱӱΡҰޣҲ˵ˣûбҪλˡ
ɰ֮Ыǧֲ䣬˺ǿĸֱۣǿľĶֻһƬ˶Ӧʱ򣬾ѸٵĽˡ
еֶζþˮľҲֻĿվް취ЩôΣ֪˾ܶԸˣ򵥵ġܹò˥ģͷˣɰ֮Ыһ˾ռ˺սö
ˮľļٵĿŶ˲ֻ˦̾һ£Ыôһѡ
졭ˮľԽԽʱһҵĲһƬжֱۡǿŨĶɢһ㡣
ķô˻ᣬϦպͻΧҲ˶־ϱƺ״ܲõҰ޳˳
ϽʹҩֶصǿˮľǷǳɵġҽɵĴҰӣԳɰ֮ЫĶҩеʮּ֡ˮľȫҩȣ׻жЧ˵һǿµĸã̫ࡣ
鷳ҰޣҪһ˰˾ͲˡûԹغܻܳܲҪغ׵ˡ


121 
ڶصΣԣͨ밵ɱ˽úġˮľҩ֮һЩתǣҩòϣսɵľ޴ʹҲһܴ鷳ضѾɵ˺ǲױġǿеʱɵʹ̼ҲһΣաž޴ʹĸţȴò͵սʱÿһƶᱻŴ󣬴Ӷ±սʧܡ
ע⣬ҪˡȡǰĽѵĳɰ֮Ы϶ǰʱôиˣ˲Ǻ޻֮ߣովͲ㱻Īֵֻ۸ѵһ٣˵֮ҲܹɱԼ͵ϴֶεġԣϽɱһβغ׵ͺãֻҪˡ
Խĳɰ֮Ыǧֲû𵽾ɱ˵ãٴβӰ˿óǿɰֻ֮ݵ˿ܵĿУһźɫɰӿƯڿǰԶĵطϵķ仯ţһᣬγһƬɢһĶ
ҪӭϽܡΣϽöѲҪԿ˵ųʷǿķӰĿǱȽ˽ġӵſɰѪ޽磬ǿʵ̽Ҳ׹Ĵ
ĿӰѪ޽ǴŶݣܹƱҰ޵ɰӿֲɰһֽһβɰӵԼĴŶݵӶһʮֲֿڹ˶мΪǿеľ綾ܹƻ˱к̾ߵľ޴ãֱɱԽĴɱǿӰŵ治˵ĿӰʷǿӰţȴǰŲȥҪõĶࡣ
ԸռƵľҶˣɰ֮ЫϾʹ˹ٶǿɰʱּ꣬ٵĵ蹥ֻҪע⣬ɰ֮ЫץסóĻ䳬ߵٶȾмܣǰԤвĻǼΪѵһ顣
ԭĴҷɵɰĶؾʮһ㣬ˮľȫҩ֮˵ĿҲˣǰһΪ˶κһܵ˺龫ǡ
޴ɰ裬ϮʱľҶһѾǰһɰʱ깥·һεûǰԸǧֲһôǱҲ״̬õҰ޿Ҫ־æչˡȻ״̬ãˮľҩϵƣܹܿһᣬܹǿָһʵɰӵȻɰɰ̥֮ɰӵٿصԭʵҰ޲ɰӲࡣԵֵһЩǿĹܹȽɵġ
һʱûЧµɰ貢ûͣµ˼ڳɰ֮ЫĿ֮£ϵ׷ľҶһӰƵֻòϵĴɢ
ôȥǰ취һζر򣬳ھ޴ѹ֮¶
Ϊӳ㣬Ҳļ١ȻԼͿ˶Է˵㣬߲ûܹõ˵ķֻνȥˡȻܹٶһʱĻ˵ܹȵԮĵĻҲܹٴһ˿ˡ
ڿеĵϴͳɰ֮ЫһʱûսˡǾ͵ɰ֮ЫĿӰ˿ܣͿԽԼѹƵĽ˲á
ɰ֮γɵĴʹųܣֻѪ޽ķõͼ̾Զ빥ѹסǴųܣƵõĻܹ˵｣޺ǧȵԶ̾ߵͶ๥׷
Ŀǰ״ȻȸղŵİٻҪ΢öԸһ㡣ڻʵǿĿӰ˿ܡȻˣȴߡûиԮĻʵľҶһʤҲ
ˮľ죬ڻҡԸ뽫Ǹ
Ǿôɵķϣ޼ɵ湥ĻҲ̫ˡΨһķǴһ㿿ҽϴ̱ԲܹſƱըɵľĻᡣ
ѶȣըɻѶҲͲ˶ٰߣǲܰճƲġ
ȻˮľҲôˣƱǿ㣬ʵǿϦպսΪµˮľڻҲ˵ùȥʵҪѷɫһƲĺ֡־ϺҰޣڸָˣǶӰ˿ܺʹ˵еɰ֮ԿûƾѾĲˡοƣߵɰ̣ܹúչ˺ԼסͲˡ
Һ棬赲ɰĹǵԼͷ󣬲ܣԸ͵ĹȷʵȽó
ַսδζǳ˶ص״̬£ҪϢӵľ޴ã˲֪ٻˡ죬ԣӦǰ쿪ʼսĵĲ֣ôʱϢ۵ĲѾĵ߰˰ˡΪ˵ס޴ɰʱ߲꣬ܵķľԻһҪ߳öࡣ
ȻЩԸ״ǺܺãҲòӲͷƤȥˮľչܣȻѸٵž˿񱼶ȥϦպһһҵڲ󷽽ˮľǰˣֻ˵Ǹˣʵڹ˼ϡ
ٶȺܿ죬ܲڵܵǸ˵Ҫľǿøˮľ죬Ȼˣûסϴжؼһ
áˮľ˵ͷҪԼⲫˮľģڵ״̫ʺա

׷Ϸûгãˮľƴž޴ĲģϦպѸٵĽӽ˵ϴĳɰ֮ЫڽҪͷҲûֹܹˮľһ˵ǰϴҲͼٵĶܣ״ܹǿס񲻳״ѾѵˣҲʵٵķӦˡ
ˣ׼֡ĬĬļŷλˣ´˹
Ȼò̫Զˣ״ѾǼ޵ģųɰ֮Ы޴ѹһҲѾѵˡ
ȵˮľͳöǰĳɰ֮Ыӹȥ漴Щɵ;ͱɰƣһƬŨ׵ס˫ߡ
ڣϡ˵ŵˮľѸٵĽֻŲ˿ߵĿǰͻ֮С
ڳɰ֮ЫУֻ湥ˣǸԼˣԭӦɥʧսʹǲҲҪþõߣƺָ˲սֻ֮޳Ụ̃յľˮľҲٿʼ߿£һҪʼʩģ
ôٴЧˮľȻٴó˲˿ֿʦؼɰ֮ЫҲͲˡȫκЧ
ȻĿ޻ûеˣͱɰ֮䵯ɣˮľȥܲˣֱſеľ˹ȥȻöűըĿٴα˦ˮľĹɰ֮Ыһɰɰ֮ܣһɰ裬ٴˮľ䡣
ڴʱڶӰɳỤ̃ʽϦպӰ
ֻ֮ϦպѸٵĽӡѸٵĶŵϴͷŻ״ûжٷĵϴѸٵУ·𿴵ʲô˼һ֮ɫɰ֮Ы͵ϴ̫ˣһϴУ׼ϴ
ͬʱеˮľòܷסɰĹ֮ѾǺԶˡǰ˦İűըĿޣ޴Ҳ˳ɰ֮Ыһѹ
ûأ汬ըɲǵϴһ˵רѸٽӽˮľͻȻһȼյ
ãǱըƺо˵ĳɰ֮ЫϽɰĹӦӰɣˡ
ѧϰôõķӡҪʲôĻϰʱƵıըȻģ¶Ҫˡ
²ܹСһǲ߶ܹըĴ档һŵϴͳɰ֮ЫˡһͷײɰϵˮľӰ漴˾޴ıըֻ¡һ޴ıը𶯵õϴͳɰ֮Ыסˡʱץס˻ᣬ԰۵Ĺ۲ˣУսֵİҲһ
ԡơ޴ȭƶƣⱻ׶ת˲䣬޴ȭͿնһ¾ͻ˵ϴ︽λá޴ֱӷ˵ϴڲתȻ󱻴Ӿϵ
ˡ
㹥ЧľҶ˲һϲ
̣ϴУˮľϽŻ¶Ϧպ캰
һĻĹΧǺܴΪ˱֤ЧϦպڻ򡣶ΨһܸϦպṩܱˮľӰҲѾԱˣˮľ廹߷ſܵĹ
һֻոձˮľӰըһƬҲڸ˳ɰ֮ЫĹ޴ɰʱٴϮûϦպ죬ֻĶҪλ˺ȻͱɰɵСоԵˮľոճȥͼԮͿ˵Ϧպصˤڵϡ


122 Ҫ
Ҳ̫˰ɡϦպ涼ûһغϾͱɰ֮Ыſ£ˮľҲĿɿڴ˵ˮľԼΪܱȽóӦ־棬ϦպôҲ̰ɰʱȷʵٶȷǳ죬ټΧ߲ѣòǺҲ˵ùȥ˵֪ʵˮľ̫ˡ
Ϧպ̫ұǿˣ
Ȼľ棬ԼҲоʵӦ˺ܴ󳤽Ҳûôﵽ̵ĳ̶ȡ
Ȼ뷨ܶ࣬ˮľҲûͣ½ŲһϦպǰſܣɰ
ˮľĶ죬ɰ֮ЫķӦҲոյϴ㣬־ͽϦպ߳ս֡ȻľҶһռƣܳƵսģֻˮľˣ־ϺҰޣǺúõĿŴǵսôİ~
ֻӵ״ˮľʵ׬ˣӮôġͽĴ˵ϦպȻ൱ˣʵӰҲǺܴľҶûеҪһȡǴ˵ʱϦպҲ̧ͷͷͬˣҪ棬Ҫ˼飬ҲһԸɡĿһ˾ôɲˮľϣġ
ɰԽԽˣôȥĻֲס~
ȫֵųɰ֮ЫĽˮľͳ鲻տϦպ죬ȥĻܾûоıҪˣ㲻ãҪԼȥ
ΣĹͷΪӳͦһˮľǰٴʩչ죬ס˲ͣɰô˻ᣬˮľһֳϦպ죬ͷҲתܡսˡһ̲ͣڻˮľϦպ㡣
Ҫ·ˣǻֵס𣿡˻ˮľƣߵļ˻׼ԾԾԣɵһˮ
Ұ֧ŲסˣϢþͲãʱǿȵսͲ͵˵ġ־ϣ㻹еҲֻչҰ޳ˡ
~һ˻Ҳˮľ飬ûбҪٴȥˣǵĿ겻ɱǣǻصӣߵȵԮ~
Ԯ𣿡־ɻʵôҲֳ䲻սԮ~
սҲǿԮ~ˮľҪСƴ˵ǻ۰~
ţõģԮϾ͵ѾͨĳЩӴϢԮϢˮľɲҽֿӰжϵҪϢȥֻ˽³ոˣ˻ǲҪ̫ߵĺãиӶʹսֲڣôãҵѾܹͨľҶһˡڵܵûһΪһΪ˻ĸһĿȻ
žʤڲǼƽʱ򣬻ȥ˻һҪͣͷ۰
ƺͶˮľ鱨൱ȤѾòˮľ˵ͼȡ鱨ˮľӦ֮£û̫ջˡ
̫ˡԮʣµһһֱôǿĵˣԼһһˣû˵Ҳֲ˶ˣǶǸʦƺƣһԽսԽ£ֶβĿӰ˿ܶóˡ֪ĿӰʵˣҲܹ²⵽Ŀǰ״̬˿ܻûзӳȫʵҲ˵˻ǿûóԼ߾Ѿһ֧Ųסˡ
ԽԽʱͻȻˮľӳġըֱӾͽɰ֮Ы͵ϴ赲˺óһʱ䣬Ǹſʦɰ֮ЫİٻҲһ˼ɵѵ˿˺սڱƽˣǸ׷ܹϷɡһܹ˵ķĵϴһѻƺֿϣ
ԮȷʵӦòԶˣͣ˳Ļʱܵֽ״ԲǸӵʱ̡ʱˮľĵѾԮˣľҶĸ߲Уûɳ̫ǿߣ½þԮͲˣǿɾͲˡ
ȻҶ֪ˣôͲˡϽк˳ˣһɫ˵ԮʱֻҪʱ͹ˣȫûбҪȥӲӲѾûпƵѹˣֻҪֵԮͰȫˡ
ˮľ󣬵Ȼֲסٻնˮľ˵Уס~
~ˮľͷʵˮľϺ׵ܵľ޴ãҶˮľǲ֪ľ޴Բϳ档ˣ㻹֮⣬ѾƲʲôսˡֵܹ޴ɰĲܣԾĲСмһ̲ͣʹõҽ˵ˮľսԶ̵ȼжϳϺƺõľˡ
Ϊ޶ȵıסϦպ㲻òµˮľڳڵһʱϦպ켰ʱƣϣܹϦպĻᡣ
Ϧպ˵ƣֻҪʱƵĻӦûΣաˮľ϶˵
ȻϦպ˵ĺأкüᴩ˿ڣȫҲ˺ۣû˵ҪĻֻҪǵߵĻͺܴˡοȫҩֶһ̲ͣ޲Ϧպ壬ͬʱԤĶأҲкǿĿԡֻҪˮľһʱ䣬ˮľҽûǺܿ׵ģҪȻԼҲڼ£ڲ̫ʱھͻָ˲ս˵ףǻǸıһеĸ

û˵ϴľ׷٣ľҶеĴʯͷ˵ءĳ˾ͱȽϳˡˮľһѿסϦպ죬ơڶ󣬲ʱĵֵԳɰ֮ЫĹ
Գɰ֮Ы˵Ըõʵɰʱ꣬ٶȿ죬ΧҲйΣԷŵ㣬ټϴо綾ԣһ˺ܾҪˮľҩʵ̫㣬ͱˣ̫ҩĻʻ޴ĸáصľҶ֮󣬹⼸˶ҪóһʱˣϦպ죬ڻ˵׼ܱܲס
ĿӰɰϮǴ󣬲ʺϿռ䲻ڵǿѹشĻʵ̫ױˣɰɢٶ̫ˣƵɰγɵô׷ȫܵĵˣɰ˰ɣֻҪɰ֮Ыɣ˾Ͱˡǿɰ編ִΧ͵ĵͼڣһܵĵ˵ɲʲôó
ˮľоôˣһߵƿæµˮľͷ󺹣ǳʵҪæô
аɣǸоеۣսôãȫһ֧ţʲôʱйˣƾҲ֧Ųסˡǻס已̥ҲҪϢİ
Ťͷһۺ󷽵㣬Ȼˮľ˵æɣȻˮ׼ԶҶҽҲ֪һģ
ˮľ룬ҪϺưæãϦպ쾭һƣǿҲȶˡ
ˮľ׼Ϧպ콻ƵʱͻȻһ޴ײţһľ۶ϵ˹
סˮľɵŤͷ˹ȥֻһŵĳɰ֮Ы޴ɣײô֮ĵڵϡ
֧Ԯ~Ƹ˵˵
֪ˡˮľҲǷŵġʽͶƵؿؼʱ̣ʵĶ൱ˣɰ֮ЫԲϾ뾫ߵĽϴӶ˵˾ôһ磬ϵĶ̰Ͳһ㡣Ҫǳɰ֮ЫǲıȽٵĿʦܲڵĳɾͻǸʺšǿ֮ĩһʱ򣬶սֵı仯ǾԵġ
~Ҳӽ޵㿴ؿҲͷˡ
̫ˡؿˬ˵˵ǸģĿʦʲôˣϸо֡
ǸҲǿܣ˿~˵
˿ܣĿȻڿʦ֪ʵࡣ
֮Сģעжָһ²ԶĿӰ˿ܣǸҪСģǸʹɰ֮
ղſˡؿͷȷʵֲû뵽ȻǴɰ֮
Ҫ鷳ˣ룬ˮľ˵ǻҩ𣿡
ˮľҡҡͷ˵ղõ̫ˣûж׼û뵽~
û׼ģ˵òǾ˵ˣˮľδѵԸô᲻׼ҲĴˣòǲܵġҪ˵óһѣѻʵ̫ˡȥ̫ȫҩҲȷʵãһþˡ
⻹һ~־˵óʣµһҩ
ʧһҲҪõˣˮľͷһ˿˳Ҳɢ
ҿɲһģһˣұȽϿȵˡؿһ߽ӹҩһ˵


123 
ˣɻʵкܶ𣿡
Ҫ˵ľҶһ״̬Ҫȥæһ޴ƻԼܣͬʱһЩڽϰҲǺܴġصľݣܶʱ൱ãԶͨ˰ͰķʽҪöࡣ
׼شؿͻȻ˳ɰ֮ЫĶ
˵ɡؿʰҩ̾ߣȻٴǰٶؿԵƣӰ˿ܵɰǲϵвųɰ֮Ыı塣
оӺһŵһǿҰޣôȥҪþòֳܷʤˡ
ȶˮľҲʱϦպ£ƴΪһ¡ղһıʣˮľҲʵԲòͣԼӻָ
΢ܹͣˮľŲԶؿͳɰ֮Ыս˵սʵԶֻơܵ޴ɰ֮Ѿʱòɰ֮ʵǳɰ֮ЫԸؿ͵ߵĴɱؿٶ̣쵽۶Էֱĸ٣ʹǿĹϽ࣬еĻʲôáؿȭǾ޴ƻһܣаŶݼԼ׵һЩؼؿͳɰ֮Ы
ҪҪȥæˮľһҲڻָʵƺ岻֡
ˮľĽ飬һ£ȻشھƶһһǿԮûʱʱϲߡ
ˮľͷҪҪƹȥץһ²ǸըСӦܲġ
˭ȥ㷴ʵڵλã뿪ղŵĵصѾˣʱ鲻ǣǷɡҶһ֯ˣѱѲĵڸ
ˮľͷϿжϣղˮľԼҲֻһ˵Եϴľ˵ûˮľ˽ĵƺͺ֡ңĻˮľĿǰ״գ֯ǸΪ䡱Σѱڸ۲ߵս֣Ļǿ治һϢʱжȷʵǸ⣬ˮľҲֻô˻׽ϴ뷨
Ȼսʱ岻֣ˮľҲͲپᣬתصʵôˣ
ͷҲ̧һ˿ҽϦպˣһߴǺܺãҲûм񻯣ҩãûЧѾγ˼ΪصƻصˣܻŲʱûΣգѾˡ
ƵĻˮľҲ̾һϦպ״ҲûгϣǱסˣҪã᲻ʲô֢˵áҲƽصľҶԺˡ׼˵ˮľͻȻеһӰͻȻԼߣȻһ˹ôˣǴҴææոոϵԳɰ˹ꡣ
ˮľϦպķʾһ£ǱߣҲˣǺܺ~
ʱϦպһۿȥоȷʵǳĲԲѲ˵ڻвٵˣرǸһֲ˿ڣ˴Ŀġ
Ĳѵİ˹꼤ϵƺڲֲԾĴˮľļ
ˮľŤͷһԼϵ֣Ȼ˵жأͨҲ֪һˣѾùҩЧ~
㷢֣
ǵġˮľͷȷϵĺ֢Ҳ֪ģȥ˿ܻһʱ䣬ں֢ǾҪרҵҽˡ
ӾѾӣǰ״Ӷ~ôŵԳɰ˹겻ɵüӴ˴ˮľϵ
۰òƱɰ֮ЫеĲλе㿪ѵļ~
˹ңעˮľǿ⡣ôƸУڿɲʱ
ʱ˵ģ˹~ˮľŤͷԳɰ˹Ц˵ٲ֣ǿҪΣˡֱֻۿҪ˻ġ
Ǹʧ̬~˹겻˼ɿ֣ȻڨЦһ¡
ûйϵ˵İΣҲ֮顣
ˮľĵĻԳɰ˹굹ѵõûзϣͷĬˡ
ôˣ˿첲űİ˹꣬ˮľɵõĵʵǿеʱ̣Ѳ״̬ɾ鷳ˡ
ţѾˣѾûдˡ˹ʾĻһ¸첲
Ǿͺãڲĵʱ򡣡ˮľǱߵĿҪæ߾ʱҰɡ
鷳ģȹȥˡѾһԳɰ˹Ҳ׼뿪
Сĵ㣬Ǹʦˮ׼֮ϵǿߣߴӰ϶٣עⰲȫ

һߣؿųɰ֮ЫԵѾһòľտʼʱӰ˿ܵɰ͸Լٶȣɰʱ꣬ҲԼûа취սḻĳɰ֮ЫֱӸĻս潻սĻɰɢԱɰʱҪЧǶؿٶ͵ߡαҵյбȻû̫ܵصĴˣƵĳɰ֮Ы˸ı䡣
ȻٶȺڳɰ֮ЫܵɰʹؿҲ޼ɵΧݺ۳ˣòȥһǷܵס˺
ؿһĪչ޼ƿʩʱԳɰ˹ǼսΪľҶмΪǿĽսߣػ̵İ˹꣬սҲΪḻǿԮٴεʱóɰ֮Ыѹ
սİ˹꣬Ͼͷһǻҽաʱɰ֮Ыɰɢɿ״ɰ͵סŻ桢̳Ĺ˲͸̻ƾʹ͸ɰֱӽɰ֮ЫС
˹꣬ɵú~ܹʱץסһЧԳɰ˹ʵȷʵǰһսҲʮַḻһ¾ץסɰɢ㡣
ðɣҪսپ~Գɰ˹˵ϽǣصľҶ˵״ƺǺܺá
˽⡣ؿͷʾ
жԳɰ˹꣬ǿķԲע˫̾УóŰ˹˫ۻ裬βŵɫĵâࡪմóҷ£ΧˣֻһԳɰ˹˦޴óɰ֮ЫҲҴ⣬ɰǵס̺ʱ仯Ĳѣɰ֮ЫĴɰٴɰ
ִ֮ɵɰܣֱһɰ֮ЫҲҴ⣬ϽڴɰܵĲٶȴóɰ֮ЫǴݵĶҪȻڸ첲ϻһӣԿ˵㲻ʲô¡Ԭɰ˹ϲʵ̫ˣ޴иʹɰ֮Ĳ㹻ǿĻ͵ס
ⲻ̫רעڰ˹вؿڷˣ̫ɰȥɰȻˣٶؿҲû˷ᣬһľҶɰ֮Ыú޻֮ʦؿ˽ֱجΣҪͻΪܣɰ֮Ы군ˡ
ǲǸóˣҪʧ~
ԮѾǳϵ״ˣǿ̻һ˫Ĭȱ㻥óɰ֮ЫӦʵЩѡҺ滹һڻָ㣬һ˶̫ǿˣóɰ֮Ыȥ⡣
ǵϴǸ˺ȣҪˣͲôˡ
û˰ٻݣ˵ƵʱȷʵеȻҲûֶΣģԾʵ޲
Ȼע⣬ɰ֮ЫҲͲԥܵĿǰеѣҪ˻Լ򵥵ö࣬ЫֵȼĿʦȿǵҪ
˿ܵıѾƻʮĲɰؿȻת
ɰ編~ķΧóֻγɵɰ׶ڴųѸٵɢ븽С
~ƲؿͰ˹꼱ٺ󳷡
ֻʱսѾ򲻹ɰȫ޷£ɰ編ˣֻĿųɰ֮ЫݵĴ˵İ뿪ɰ編ĹǽʱͲɰ֮ЫӰˡ
Ҫ׷𣿡˹ʵ
ŵ㣬ȥ׷~

Զսˮľųɰ֮Ыߣһ
סˣ̫ˣû뵽˵ϴһ٣˳ɰ֮Ыһܻ~
֮ˮľҲǸоһƣȴϢʱһԱԼء
ôˣ˹һ֧̣ͳһ֮󣬶ˮľʵ
ӦǱסˣ~ˮľһȻ˵ƻ᲻Ӱģ̫˵ҿĿǰܳκȻˣ֮һĸִڵĻ˵ת~˵ӴʹȫҩܻоȣѾˣټӴܻ¹⼲ֲˡ
ˮľĻ˹Щο˵ѾܺˡڸִˣԤҲǵһԤѡִǱѡ˶ԸĿӰĻ~˹һȦȻɫ˵־ŲسϽΡһΪʲôҺͿŲسһš


124 ǵ
־Ųسϣˮľɻʵʵ˵Գɰ˹ؿ̣Ѿǳˣľûˮľɻˡʵ˵ˮľڵʶˣڴܹ˵ϻģҲֻпˣҪôôϤҪôʹʶ᲻Լ̵һ֮ʻ˵ľľҶӰûе£ˮľʵ벻ʲôˡ
˵ɽկĺӰ˼άϰߺǣӦúͱ𲻴ŶԣôԮ¼ᷢôƫӦòôıʲŶ԰ɣ

Щʱ򣬱ľҶɽկѾϢˡԴӱ뿪ӿʼ֮ɽկ;Ĳǰ̽磬ȻΪߵĴڣܶ˶Թ켰˺³̶ܳ൱ߣǶԲϳΪҲʮּɵġСʱ䵥Ϊʲôᱻ۸ڳ˵ͫɫɡˣСܵͬεСӵżΪǵĿ붣ǹģĺҲǺҪԭ
ԣȻۡԼӦòڴˣͲҪйıȽϺãʵʵڼȽϿס顢ѧϰʵȵȣͳ˴ʱ˱޿ΣãˮľҲҪһ侲ʱ̵һջ
֮æµҹɽկϢˡ״̬Сģϰ֮󣬾һֱ
ҹܶĵģżиѲߵӰڴҲûʲôˡովսҵľҶԶƽʱҹŷҹУƻͨǡڻǴڹ״̬Ͳʲôй䡣
ͻȻһͨĲ˯ɽկȻɽկϸ˶űݵϢ
ǿУеϮҪԮô
˵вˮľǰԤз࣬һ֣˲սʤͲдۻֻۡתۡʼСҪתƻȻûɣĿǰҲֻ֪ͨһߣԼˣ׼·һ۰ˡ
ڶǵʮǿ󣬲УмĻᣬֻҪ֧Ԯ߾ԮɭԴһ֡һԮҲһһοûдĲԼ泬սͼˣһֻԮ
Ȼһ־ǴҪλС£Ҫץסѱ
һ־֤һʵݣҪʱ̣ϧԡɱϾϢ塣
Ūױ֮ɽկϽ·ԼʰͳȥܰæߣһȥȨλ˵Լһȥ鱨ԴҪɺþãҪзԼ˵
ϴͳɰ֮Ыô鷳ˣϣľڻڴ
Ѹͨ飬ͬ˼άʽ̵ȼɽկû벻׵ĵǰһβҰ޻ᱻϮĿԣԤ֮鶼ѾΪʵҪ벻ǰĻˮľܾͻһˡ
һ·ľҶ۴αȵĽֵɫķ֮䣬ˮľѸٵĽӽľļҡһ·ϵľ䵽ͦϸ񣬲ˮľ֮£ֵļʼСϢںҹڻ£ֱһҲȱ·Ҳйβ㱻ѲߵȮţ÷Ӧÿ죬ʱĶ˹ȥȻʱСץס˷ʱɾˡ
ƽˡ
˳ĽӽľҵĴߵˮľҲһȻðڵĴ
˭ͱĶѵĿͳ޵˵
ңˮľ
ôˣʲôˣ¿ޣ򿪴ȣˮľ˽ʲôҪ£˵
鷳ˣˮľ˵Ϯˣܼ֡
ǣһͷˮľһᣬͻȻȻʵǷָĴ鷳ָıǱߣ
ûˮľôϢģľеͨˮľͨԶ봫һϢʲô顣
ǵģʮΣҪԮ~
ô᣿ڳϦպ̣˺ӵļһȻΣҪԮʱ򣿡ȻЩɻ󣬿ûлˮľ˵ǣæʰһ£ͺˮľһˣȥλʣҪɳּȥ֧Ԯһ򵥵~
˵ˮľҲ֪ΣĹͷҲòˡأ滹ҰޣǾԲӦñ׷ˣԼҪľҪôӸ߲ţûԮĻġһǡǡǲ֤ģڡ֯ױ¶֮ǰǲж˻ôΣյS̵֯ڵġ
ǵʲôϸ˵˵ôˮľɱĿʵȻϦպ̵ʵ޷Ӧԣʲôˣѵߴɳɱ
ǡˮľҡҡͷֻҪ̫ţȭǰûʲôáٶĸ~
֣жһˣʵ
ˡˮľΪش
ʲôˣľΪȵʵȷûи
ľҶ߳Ϧպ̣ս׵ˮľһƣɰ̡־ϺҰҲǺ޻֧֮֮ȻЩȱݣǾȻᱻ˾͸ѹƵҪԮʵ̫ˡ
ˣ˲õĸ֡
ǿǴ鷳ľҲһͷۣ̽ʵĲûУʲôʱôɺϵĶľҶˣ

ľҶӰ¥칫Уλˮ׺תСͱȻѸٵĹˣһᣬ־ŲҲ˹
ˮľȷϢʵ𣿡ˮʵɲǿЦʱҪ֪ڼľҶսˣڼϼмսһֻսСӵҲˣ˵򵥵ıݵѹƣҲ̫ˡ
ǿ߿ɲǴײˣ·Ϳġ
ˮľشһԵ־Ųزʵڵ˵ĿĲ²⣬мְգ
ĿǰˮľĶУмֵɾһβغסξûбİˣģʵǿߣ濴ۡ
˼ͿҪɰ̴Ϊ˵ʵͨݵϢȻûôϸǲˮľķһ£͸©һ鱨ľҶ߲һ㣬ɳԮ
ˮľĻ־Ųתͷˮ׵ͷ˵ɳԮɣʱ򲻹ܵ˵ĿʲôҪӵָնϣôļһ￴ľҶʵסǣοǶϵĿǺɰ̴սԵĹؼʧ~
ˮ׺תСҲͬˣˣɲľҶ岻ôɰ̽͵ڶ죬ɳ̸жܵϮҪʲôɢʧ鷳ɾʹˡ
̶񣬿һˣץסãеĻɱۡȻˮҲԥľҲڳ
׼ʱ
־Ųط˰ɣľ̵ȻиҪ~
ţˮüͷõ˵״ô
ʵǿֶηḻȫ棬û㣬ԲϤĵˣʺϲˡ
úÿסѧ˰ɡ־Ų˵ǸҲ
ôܣҪ֪βľҶģ˭ľҶ~תСһŵıʵ
һβغɰ̵ģ󡣡־ŲطңľҶǰĿŵĶ֡죬ֱɱ
ľҶǿ󣬵ǲһʧĻõĺƽôϵ¼ˣǿĵˣɲᱻľҶν̽ǿĹ⻷ŵ
ðɣ˵еŲءתС˵Ǿͽؿȥɡ
ˮ׵ͷͬ⣺ȥа˹ҲһȥǵĻͽӴ̫˷ˣ˰ɡϴһ˵Գɰ˹꣬ûаս񣬶ǰػ̼ĿӵŸ߼ڼǵĹһս׿˵ʵ̫ˣô˻ҲǺõġ
УŲءˮתͷ־Ų˵Աĵ估ţݴӰ֮ĹʵģòҪ̫桭
˵Ҳأ־Ųƺûнˮ׵ľϣڵϻӰ֮ǰȷʵ̫Ӧùָֻš
ŲأĶʵ̫Խˡˮ׷ǳ˵˵֯ӦѾɢˣʵһֱָӲжЩǿԲ̫ƽϣֱӰİ͸棬ʵ̫ˣЩӦڵϻӰ֮
Ǻǡ־ŲЦһ˵ô˵㻹ΪһеӰϣ
һʵλƿԣļ˸ǲҲ廰εʱ̣ȻŽǰؿԳɰ˹ꡣ


125 
Գɰ˹ؿĵѸȷˣûʱʲô̫׼ѸٵĳȥԮҰ޵ˡ
Ű˹ؿȥעת־Ųϡ
ŲأҲףЩǲġˮ׾־Ų˵ӰľҶȶĻʯ´󲿷ְһģҲЩ˸㣬Ҳòʲô~
һԵתСֱ˵˵ϿӰǣΪѾ˵ߣǾӲĿȷ֮ǰͣĶӰǴӵ䣬û˻⵱һֱӶǱ˵İӵͷ죬ƻľҶڵĻʯڿ˵ĶľҶô
ڳλʺ־ŲضǻӰĵӣҲһȹսѣԱ˴˵˽ⶼԶ˵
ðɣ˵ͬ~˵ôף־ŲҲûٺķܣ̶ֳȵľߣССһϸ֦ĩּۻۡƽϡһĿһɾľҶһ㻹ǿԱ֤~
Ȼ־ŲѾһ󲽣ˮ׺תСҲ׷ᣬһѾѹ˵ļˡҪ־ŲضԴ̬ȣ᲻ò˵
ɾľҶ
һԾĳ۵ˮľ־Ų˵ʣоһѪζ
߱һȺ鱨밵ɱսְҵ߷չģ֯ߴ֮以ɼ̽鱨ʵˡܶѾ¶ģûб¶ģɵģ˫ȵȲһ١һ֯Ҫ廷ʱȱľһˡ
Լûмʱϴ׵ĻԼֿûʲô֤ݣһιҲӲȥҪôҪôʧ٣Բˡ
Լʱӹһٵɽկ֪Ǳ߻һ¨ҪԼȥֲ
Ȼ׵͸ôˡ
ĵҪտ~ˮ׷Ը
ǣҲָôɻʵҲڣûҲ𲻴ɣ
ҲпܻĿʹûУҲʱҪβģ˵ľҶʱб~ˮ׶һ˵ڴӻһҪ񣬿סǲ~
ˮ׵һľˮľɵһ
ʵѾô𣿡
ջתƵǲˣˣǿ󣬶ԸܲľҶ˵ԶԼ˽ĴüɵʹйнӴҪӹעˡ
ԭ޹ؽҪֻҪȥҴ~־Ųز˵ûܹ֤ǲӣôȡдۣǾˡ
Ų֪д۽Ͳд֮εġŲԼһ֪ǲֹˮռʱַĵ׵ĿֲоԼɲٳһˡ
ˣһǼġ
һԵˮľɵøп棬ÿһ˶ᾭǲҰԭ֮󣬻߳ġʮ͵ǲǺԶԶڵܹʲôȷж
û⣬жϣĿǰͺˡ
ͷ
ôˣˮľ~ˮȤĿˮľ˵ǰû̫ע⣬ûϸʹ㣬ڿ˲õĶ
ܹж˼·ܴ鱨ս棬һʵʱƶûУõ֮ǰʧûСԭûעʱ򻹺ãϸ֮ͻϡзǿ֮
Ǳע⵽ô
ˮľεţȻķܲز˶ãǵôı¶һɶǴˮľϡ
̫ˣֻӰ֮һǳӦáˮľ˵
ǳ̫ǫ~תС˵ûпĻĿǰѪ֮ɣ
ǵġ޷һĿȻ顣
ģתСʵ
ʵ̫Ҫˣʵ˼Ϊ飬Ҫˮľʲôʱ˵ʵڰܽˮľҪȽѹˡ
ʲôʵĳɹԼϸĿ¡壿ˮľѹ˵
ʵָؾԲϡһܹ˽ԼΪĴϵԼϸ£Ǿͺ˵ĶˡΪԼʵԼĶˡǵ͵һ֣еĶ˹˾ǵͣ⻹ֻǸԼֱۣŵľǳɰ֮ЫΪ嶼ˡ
ˮľΪԼһ¡壬ʲô£ֻԼԼʵǹܲšңɽկԵˮľģ˵ǺǿģԺˮľһ޵ŴϢǿжϳġ
ôһģ־Ųضˮľһ˾͵ĳǿĸļ൱ȤҪ֪̽ļˮƽرǾθ߹ľҶһҲǱȽѵġ
ʵñȽϼˣǰ־ŲҪȫҩһȻ־ŲĿǰ֪ҪʵͬһˮľʵҲش⣬ֻõͷĬ
Ըһ㻳ɺͷ飬ҲԸ͸¶巽鱨ôתСĶˮľ˵˰ɣӰǿķֶҲ͸¶ˣ
ǿ˵һ㡣ҵϣˮľȻͬ˵һ鱨
һ㶼˵Ļܻ治
ǻڷӡӦã÷ӡ֮ɽկķ˵һƤëñԼȥȥ˭ҲὫ߻Ȳϱķο۾Ȼ̽սˮľ̽鱨к˽⣬ܹԶ򿪣ʵʩ˵ĻɽկѶʵ̫ˡ
̽ô궼ûгֹּһĶٹ꣬²οԼֻƬҲܹοйؼĶȫҩԼҪûܹ¡֪Ը׺ϲʣж٣ˮľûԹ˵̫
ӡôˮľĻشöЩʵ֮Ķ˽־Ų˼

ӻӰ칫ҳ֮ˮľͿڻؼҵ·ϡɫʵ磬賿ҹһʱ̡·ҲʱѲߵİ̽ףرİֶӳľ֮󣬵ûʲô˵˵
ղΪһѺ~˵ⶫʵãܹƹ㿪ô
ƹ㣿ҲǲУʹõʵ̫ˣȻ˵ãСӣͰ˹ѧ¹轫˵Ҳԣ˵ĻǲеԶ
ƺ͵İɣͷпԶ˵ĲټϺõͷԡͲһʵõģ
ûˮľ뷨һǧĿߣȱôһܹԼʵģ˰Ͱʵд۾һʵĹؼΪûǲдƥ壬ľһϡٵĲдʵ̫ˣƽʱԼѵ
ʵõĵȻ~Ϣ֣ҪǴĲһ̶ȵķӡʵһľǿܹˣˮľûоô˽ķ˼ҰӣѾǼΪѵˣǿǺͿϴν棬ˮľĴˡľܹóʲôĻһνҲ޷ˮľֲΣһѾˣҪΪĴĿӰĵӵĿʲôĻҲǲѡ
ЩԺ˵~ոտıԹҲֻһ˵ҪˮľĻҲ˵ʱ򣬡˵⣬ҵǺܵģǸȻкܶȱ㣬ǲҲտҲɲ~
ˮľͷ˵ϾĴĿӰмѪʰ벻ѡ
š˵ؼʲôð취𣿡
~ˮľ̾һ鶼˵ӡʲôٸһʱ䣬ܾܽЩ⣬ⲻ⣬İ
ͷǸͷ۵Ķ
ҲľǶǲ˽ıȽ
ؼ㲻㣬~ˮľѵ
Ҳ֪Ǿô첻̫ȫָ˺СӣƺҲ̫~
Ūûʵ䷴~ԭУǲǱ޼϶˵Ķʼɼɵ֮ģȥͶôһβӸĻҲƫ١ɽףѰ


126 ˳
ǲ⣬ǣ浽൱ࡣ˵ˮľһֻ֣ܲǻ᲻˵Ĳ治˵
ݹںϷӡͲľҹ֮ǰ·ֱһһı硣һʼڱ˰źõĵ·ǰΪǵʵƭԽԽˡûп͸˫ۣǻҲһȺǿϵֻܱİձ˵Ը°ˡ˿ɲԶˣҲ˵߲ܱȲھ־ϣȴǿ˲ֹһ˵̵ȷʵɵҪ˵֮ӵĻ˲֪ٻˡ˭ܷ᳹·ļᶨ־ΪһͬĻӰԸʼնûжҡһֱΪŬȣһЦҲȫϣһոմѧУҵСӣҲʮİëӣҲܶ䱧̫ϣһϼ޻ļһŪڹ֮䣬Ҳ̫ˡ
ľˮľֱصסһ·ҵϺ룬б¶ҩʵ¼ȫһЩʺ˿ĶҲ֮
̫ܲƽ˰Ҳ֪ʲôʱܻ
Ȼַ˹ȥܺŪû治˵ʵöǿ̽ԴһЩ˵ֻҪȫտڲԱ˾ͺް취ġɰ֮Ы˿ܿԶȡѪ޽磬ת˶ͨսɽмĶǿǴ˵еǿ񡣵ȻˮľŲػὫıʹûԼϣɽկĿǰ鱨ԼûǸʸˮľԼһҪǿԼṩĻɭϲһԼͦȥˡ
һҵǣˮľĿǰ״̬ûʲôɵĵط˽ⷢӣһ㲻õġǰơˣǶǹȥʽˡԼǿҲСʵľҶþսսô죬֪ԼĶݣ˱ԼҽȻˮľԾҲǴڸ൱ߵˡûʲôرɣ治ÿԼ

ĽҰսѾˣϢһظˮľһ߸ϦպƣһߺԳɰ˹һûһġڰ˹֪߲֪ܶͨϢˮľһҲ֣Ϊ˹ӰԳնĶӣΪԳɼʵһʵ׵߼塣ԣټǰػ̵ݵĻλʵԶ󲿷ͨߡ
ˮľѾûΣôĲɵĺˮľİ˹һҲԼй¶һЩʲôϢעϦպϣôһֱԲأ
Ҳ̫ļˡˮľЦõ˵ôص˻ѹȻˣеģȷҪԣ
̼ǿлһˣףţҲ޷Ҳᱻ𴩡
ȻˮľĻԳɰ˹ڨЦҡҡͷˮľ˵ľͲʲô÷
Ҳ¶̫ˣİɣʱûʲôΣˣʲô»ص˵ɡ
ðɡ˹Ҳֻõͷ
ɶϦպļȣˮľһȻһ½Ӳ塣ĲС£ҪԼƣҪչ˶ѵƣϢĲ֧ţҲֲסˡ
˲ã׷˵ؿˡˮľԭУؿʵȻǿǸ֪ʵǲֱֻܹе£׷ɰ֮ЫˡΪ룬ˮľžؿƲʲôջˡҲûʧıҪԭĿֻǾԮץסˡʲȡ鱨һ飬һʼûбϣôҲʲôʧ顣
ܴˮľˣűؿ˻ȻֶڵϡĿǰԲѵĵϴˮľѾ׵Ĳ̽ʲôˡ
ŵʵ̫Žˣɰ֮ЫԹ˲ϾҲˣǳпڸ۲ľԵϴܲˣ֮͵鶼ȫûһŶӾѹᱻ֮һֱơ
ԲѵҲǵ˰ɣؿԪ˵ǸʦûץץһҲˡ
ǵġؿȷϵϢԺǸʦͬһ֯ʵ൱ǿ󡣡
ǾͺãץȥͿ֪ǵǺηʥˡؿŵ˵
һֹ۵ˣˮľɵ²ĵϴ˵̬ȲͬˮľʵԲϴĺǳǡʹɱĻҲˣ²ľҶԤ鷳൱Ķˡ
пܵľǡ֯ľԮ뵷ҡľҶڵ״ɾ̫ĴҪǡ֯SľҶӿɾʹˡֿԲֳһ㶯ɾȳϴҲȥ
ǣҪˣϴǡ֯ĳԱͬʱҲĿӰҰľĵӡϴľҶ᲻ᷢʲô⽻ľ׻Ǻ˵ˮľУ˵ĵϴữΪһѻ壬ǻŵĵϴֵɾʹˡ޴ıըҪй¶ľҶǾͲһ仰˵ˡ
ֱһֵɽ޷ð
״֪ҪǴһ챻ߴ²ҺпܻܿʣмĿʹľҶҪ鱨ɫϡǿĽȵȱ̴յʱľҶȡʲôжߴĽǶȳֹؼҪɱ͸Ͻɱһ鱨й¶ˣôһԲϾͱսҲǲܵ飬һ̽սɰ̻ľҶĿӰŵȼϯ̽ĴսĻҩͰô
ͬʱ˿֪ԼǵɫһԹ۲ϸʱˮľȤ㲻ɫĿ

ٽ磬ƥ䲻ĶǻصľҶ塣ȵĵõϢĴӣҲ׼ҽȻĹصϦպֱӾͱҽԺΣԳɰ˹Ҳ뿪ˣؿȥ㱨ύ񱨸棬ʣµҲҽΡһζԶˮľ˵ѾʧܵһԴԽһΣоյĶȹˡ
ľҶҽԺ򵥵֮ˮľͳԺ׼ؼϢˡôؼңһˮľҽõЧȫҩǿãʹԼٶȻָȻԶûдﵽ۷״̬ƣҲԽԽأٻܹúõ֧ȥ
ʱһ죬ľҶĽͷѾܹԵĸоƬƬķѹֵգѾ˼ĸơŲߵİæرֱǻʩĺð֡
ȻһжʮָȤˮľٶȻصңȻɽկ˼䡣
ôôô֪ľҶзıʣˮľҲʮֵľȣӰλõѾҵ̶ֳô
߼ֱСС֡ɽկ̲סͷۣڸô죿ĿǰҪֻ۰¾ǸӻҲѾ˵ˡԲǰߣϴͳɰ֮ЫɱҪ̫˿ܶҪˡ
е鱨ǸһԵֻʹķЧǿĵرǵķӡûɣڵϴͬھıըиֱ߽ˡֲչֵ쾡¡
Ҳûа취飬õĻڵҪɱˡǸʱܵôࡣ
ҪӦԷɣҪȻһؿɲùɽկѾȫ벻ֱʻôȥˡ
ֻһһˣĿǰֻܼϣڶһʱ䣬ȸֻ֮˵ת
رǾ޴ֻжеˡϦպ쳹׻Բѣʱй¶ĿԣҰ޺־ɰ̣ȻǿѣʱֲľҶָֻţ˵ļʶܿˮľõʲôֶζ㲻塣
пйܵƺ㣬һġҪҪ̬ȡ壬ʵ˵̽أȼɭϵļ壬㵽׻˵ЩʲôˮľʵҲеֻ̫࣬Ҫȡһʱͺá
ͬʱڻع·ϡ
ˡֹ̲סʵô˵ĲҪô
ղڻӰ칫ңύıɲĵطܵ˴ӰְȨλʵѯʡ
ʲôʱҪνĹհǰ˺ˣǴĻӰְȨǵײ˳ĻӰĵλҪˮ׺תС̫
ǡΪѵ˵ǲҪּһ£
Դǲ屻֮Դӵ߾͸ӵĽˡ˲ӵôǷǳټġ
ڴּڼҵľ𣿡ʵһУΪ˼棬һ軳ɵġּҵĳ㣬Խң
˵ϸڣòҪ⴫ҽύ񱨸Ϊ׼˭ң𣿡
ǣˡƵͷ
ֻۡת۰˵еۣ֮Ҫܹһ֣ﻹõС²ǲĺ󳾡


127 ػ
ľҶУʹӵʵ൱ӣͬͺʵļҲи¹ͼ壬ʹһ𣬴Ӹ涼ľҶ߲нܵϵǴӵмҲǻӰһϵ֧ߡľҶеĸţ簵ӡߡŲ쵼֯ҲǵӰʵ˵ĿԳնڵԳɼ壬ҲΣ֪Ȼѷ¹ֻȴһŻĿԳնˡ
ļУٳʦŮһ壬ȮȮڣ壬𽥵ľҶĻ尰һ嶼һ࣬ǴʹûʲôͻԭҲֻ֧Ӱһϵǲ¹ڸôǿҰˡ
Ҫ˵ľҶǧһǲ壬ΪսʱʼͶԹϵ壬ֱ̳˵ۣ֮֮Ѫ޽ܣ߼˦һءǲߺǧϴľҶߴ壬Ϊ̽ǰ϶顣
ǧּڶĿӰǧ֮𽥵ľҶУǿһٲǰǧһ岻µǲһ壬ȴ֮ռľҶһҪšɸϡԼΪڶƽ˵ӲȥһԴûбķǲ˵̫ƽˡĳͻֱӾͷӦڻӰְλϡӰλãĿǰΪֹһֱǧһϵΰѳţľҶȨҲһֱһУӳͶĿǧֵּܿʼȴӰĵӣĴͽûδĻĵӣĴĵӣߴĿѧĴĶӣͽϵܵüֱŲˡ
ľҶļʮǲߣǿƵǲ壬Ҳûе͡ʸʶӰ֮λߣԶľͬΪĿӰӵǲֻϧӢšľ֮ǰǲǲĸףǲ峤ҲǲŻߣԴӲ񲢵峤֮ǲҲʱĳˣʱûпͲд۶ö֪ʵǲӰ֧ţϻӰǴ´ˡֻϧʱ곤죬ĴĿˮžž޵ı֣Щȣϲǲʵûʲôơ
ǲıԶֹˣò׵ȵǿʼ¶ͷǡвܵǲǲ߸ߣټϲʱ˵Խңʹǲ궼ѵһǲֹˮ·زۣǲҲΪ潻ƷǲһתҲľͳ˰ڲĹ¶һֺƣմܿ䣬ֱõķͣĴúõһΡǲĿ޴ƽ׳ɾ־ŲľҶ֮
ǧ䣬ǲ֮ΨһϺŵȻԾͷĪˡǰΪǧֺǲǰ棬ȴҲòľҶһͷˡ˺Ͳ̬˿ֱҫ֮ееΣաǰΪʲô֮ʹ͵յĽȴղòֳȥֻ˴Ӹ߲ȴ˿û̬ȡ
ҲʱľȷʵľҶ岻ҲеսĺǽĻ̥ʹߣͿľҶãߴ֮⽻Ҳ̫ϷˣҼʹҪòʲôʱԿֵͷϣǴӸ߲ҲԸ֦Ҳ˳̽һ̬ȣѹһһὫƽ߲Ĵˡĵ㵱Ȼ֪׵ܵȴΪĸоΪĽԼǾԲһĻݵġ
ǲĸһѹòüСĵ£һ̫Ĵµ㣬ҲòڼҳŮ͵ѧУܽĵ̣ЩʵǿȫĶȭõָֻţľӢ߽ʦԱѧУ̵Ľ̵Ҫõöࡣ
ȻǲһûкľҶΪе˼ľҶһţҲľҶһӣľ𣬸ʱҪЩ飬˾ƽµġͺñ־ŲأϵĳͻǲɱġӰԻӰΪĸ߲ȨǹСƽߵĴĻӰһϵǲΪףΪϴĴͺ֮ĲġȻ򵥵Ӫ̫򵥺ɣ˭Ҳ޷رܵĻ⡣
ԭڵľЩǵ㣬ҲûһЩı䣬ǧĹ̫ˣһڼּҵ⣬Ѿļ岽ǣôҲûʲô⡣ԭΪͻһֱôƽȵĶȹ㣬ͻȻȴ뾪ϲķ֡
ţҲֻһء
ֻǿֲͷһȣĵȴҵܹƾֵĹؼ

еȴˮľһֱ극ʱˣҲûеȵԼİ΢һ㡣
ûеȵԼʵ鱨ߣȴδǧ活ĵ
Сôô磿ˮľһʳĵСɵʵ
ˣ¶Сˮľߣһ°ʵʵ߼ؿڡˣȫദܹ˵ļҪǻصҺˮľ򵥵ʰһ£ǱӿܶҪˡ
СһˮľƣȻܹش˵˵Ĳɣһǲùȫҩˣ
ȫҩľãСҲ֪һģȻжЧʮ֪ԲֻһսʱҩѡҩĸҲ֪֮꣬һˮľӲ֮Ѿһһûһء
ûö٣㿴ⲻƽôˮľοŶС˵
ǧ活ҲûзһˮľѾЩԾͷ˵ͷֲ԰˲٣һҲôΣô
ⷢɫ¶ô
ˮľɵһЦԭСֵģû뵽׽˵˵һ˴ŵĻѻôѡ
㵣ˣСˮľ§Сļ򣬡İɣܿܽġ
ˮľķɫԭַǳ۵ɫԲڣ¶˴ӵֲ԰ףرϤ˵ĻԶԶȥ治׷ֱеĲ𣬵ǶδС˵ʵ̫ˣ𵽽ûоãһۿˮľ״ҲǱȻġ
ˮľ廹ֵܼסôҪҪȣСǵĽ
һβ֮ˮľַɫһαҪصöࡣƵĺתˮľɫҲĺöˡ̿Ե֮ǰʵѾָòˣû뵽ȥ񣬽һ죬ֱǵģ
ˣСˮľܾڻûһʱ䡭
ʵˮľҲڵϸ⣬ܵȲһ̿ԣԼҪˡپһθǿȵսٶһȫҩܾͻ¡һһѺĳҲ֣ϾԼеӡʵûг׵
ͺãҪæĻһҪ˵
֪ˣʲôʱ㣿
ǰˮľڵԽˮľ˳ѧʶϵľ޴࣬ʵΪ˴кܶʶ֮ûΪʶĲ޴Դ·Ҳһ¡δ׽ǰ˵ġ˵һܻҪһȫ޹˼볹ε˵ġ
ҹһ⣬СҲµĽӵһЩˮľ˵һ£ҩʵһЩ⣬Ҳϸ˵һ¡
ķѾһɹôˮľϲʵ
ǵġܹˮľæСҲúܸˣҵϺɫĲʮֵĹ죬ƺڵȶԱκһֲҪ׷졣Ҳ˵ķݡݣֱӷֳʸͬ
֣ˮľϡ˾ټȻѵʲôĶ棿ƺԼֱеӡûиоֶڡ
벻ʲôͷˮľС˵ûʱעЩˣҵķҲ¶ˣȶˣȥ
ڻûشȴһʱܹתΪʵĳɹǵȶȥ
پûʲôҪˣҪķ沿ԭʼʵϸѾˡ
ţǾͺáˮľͷ
ЩʵʹڣÿϸķѴ޵ġһνϸĸ壬ĵϸʮ־޴ٴδɼμʵԶԶȲϵһ塣ʱƣϸӻʮأͺñȾηǲĿ¡ϸȫҩ¡壬ȫҩ֮עӡҲֻˡԶԶֻ۵ˣֻͲд֮ǰһˡٴλǲһʻϸ׵ġ
ܻв˻ȡҩʵϣһҪáˮľ֣صȻˣҪǱԼκβԣĶȫҲҪ
ˣҲҪСĵ㡣Сͷĵ˵


128 ÿ˵Ĳͬ
ȫҩУһδξ޵ı֣²ǼϸȫĿǰδ¶ֻΪһǿЧսʱָҩѾѵõĺöˡҪмۿɼ֪ĸãϸӶ¼ٵĻͲ֪ж˻ˡˮľĿǰĵλּսԼֵĶûǸʸռ
ˮľǰǰ˵ȻãʵڲеĻ͸¶һûóһضˣ̸ʲôϸĲĿǰҲ͵ȸֻʸˮľ̽һⷽĻˣʹԴҰӣڵˮ׼Ҳ˵㡣
ԣʧȥеĶˮľԼҲֻҪԼСû£ʵѡԵķġԼоɹʼܹԼʵʱͺðˡ

Ȼǰĺܶ䣬ѾʱƽԶȥгԵҲȷʵûж١С÷ܺóԣ׼ȷ˵ǺˮľദôãϤˮľĿζһֱˮľϲԵĶ˾رʲ˾һֱˮľ⡢ʲôģȻǰҲᣬڱðˣʵǰƫá
ΪˣˮľҲΪʲôˮľǴԽΪˡ˵Ҫ²һµĻˮľöԸ뾫ϰɡһںƽþʶĥƽǣһսңʧڶĿв԰ΣʵĲ࣬ŴԸ棬ʡԱԴ󡢿ȴߵ˺ĮӶġ
磬ԺƽľҶҲܱ֤ÿһ˵ľ־ôǿ󣬾ͺñڵˮľûǿޱȵϵӽǡԼΪԽߵԽУֵ׻᲻ˮľã˵
ˮľԽ⼸Уû˽˵̵µNPC뷨˽ܵ磬Լر˽Խ࣬ԽЩ߸ϵĴǳηǲŪԼڻﲻǸ̶ȡ
һԭˮľõľǣǰ޴Ϣ͵ۣһ̶ָˮľҵԼĶһڳʰδޣˮľͷһ
ˣȻԵҪ໥ڡȥ
ˮľÿˣļŬ硣
סѹļĻǻ˰
ԴӴԽÿ糿ۣһͷôӦѾûмΣʱ־޴ѹ޷˵ʱʵ̫ˣɲǻϷԼߵҪԵΣָ˺ǲںЧӦ£δᷢʲôʣˮľѾˣֻܹͨе鱨ڵ״һЩµƲ⣬ʲô֪Ⱦ鱨ƣ˶Դķа֮⣬Ѿָˡ
죬̿ԣľҶƻԼʾ֭͵ϴͳɰ֮Ыսʣµİֶ˴롣ֽߵΣУǰֻǿһʶ㡢ѧ˺ܶû֪ʶͨ죬ʵʴӡżˮľҲҺùĻɴŪһһֱֻۣӽըƬһĲϸȫ磬һ̺ˡ뷨ʱҲֻ鲻õıԹˡ
绹Сڣһ㣬ҲֵԼúŬһѡ
ңЩӣ˶˴򽻵ⷬ飬Ҳô׾ͿĨɱġ
ʲôأʰһеСԷˮľʵ
ûʲôʰˣѵˮľ
ţʱ仹磬ȻҪʲô
ȥ߰ɣоþûһȥˡ
Ϳ˰ɣСЦڴϿ״̬ڶˣĹ䣿
ŶˮľԸͷε˵ûطȥǾڼҴŰɡ
ҲðС˵ֲϲС˵뿴ӡһʱȫˡ
˰ɡǰϢը֪ʶϴ񣬸ǿ˲Ʒôֵ̽ӵºĵӰƷȤҪΪ˴лһЩϢˮľ
ðԺú˵ỰСһ֪ʲô飬һķ˷һ˵ǵĻֻһ˰ɣˮľôš
ţȷʵʵڲǸʱ򰡣ﶼĬĬ˿ڻָԪʱ򣬺ܶ˶ɥʧ˵ıʹ֮Уڴٴٰʵǲ̫ʡ
ƳٰɡСź˵
ҪˮľҡҡͷǵĿӰȷ֮
ðɡСͷӦĿǰҲֻӣһһҪˮľδ黹в٣Ҫúýеȸֻ֮أȸּĿ֮󣬺ܶⶼӭж⡣Ȼˣ᲻һ޴鷳Ŀʼʱٿ

ˮľδǧ活ѵõʱʱľҶһصİУλʿűڲϣӡĵϴüͷ
Ҳ˵ûΣˣתСʵ
ǵġһƷҽ߻صѾûʲôˣԲֻ̫صµĺ֢죬ͻѹ
ˮ׶ɢпűߵӰʵʲôҪ˵𣿡
һеĴǻش岻õҲ
װͲˡҲˮ״Ȼǣ֯Ѿʽʼˡ
ȻѾաըڵõĺڵ׺ʧȥԭȵģ»ܿһЩߵġ
ҲҲ֪е⣬޷ʹ˵ֶ鱨
ΪĿӰĵӣ̣ҲһȽϼɻ飬ϵ֯һ㲻ּģѾĴ㣬׼սҲ˵㲻Ͼûˣֶ̽ǧǧܹǷ⣬ûбֺͶĵֶζһ֡
ϵĿʣȻЧʵһ㣬ٱȽϳҲľҶӰĵմ
ˮ˵Ҫ鱨׼ȷж̬ƣϾľҶҲһǿľβ˵趼Ǹ֯һԱĻľҶҲᱻġ
֯أҲûеõ̫׼ȷϢҲεشֻһԿ϶֯ʽԱ̫࣬󲿷ֶSϵ̣ʵ쳣ǿ󣬴ҲֻеһԱˣң˵һľҶ֯С
ǲתС̽ʵ
Ҳֻˡˮ״Ѿ롰֯Ĵ裬ľҶľҶ̣ĿǰҲֻǲʵʸ
Ҳȷϵĵͷ˵еź󱲣Ҳ˽⣬˵ǲͻƺˣԲ֯Ҳ֪ǲġ
˵꣬ҲԳһЦһ˻˰û뵽ڵĺ󱲶ôˣǶˡ
Ѿǿ̶ֳôǲתСȵʵǲţϧˡ
ҲĲԸλӰ֮λôˮе㲻ʵпԼˣɻЩ˲ء
̵ľȨ̫ص־ŲأҪŲʵ̫֣˺ܶ˵Ĳˮ׺תСҲṫȻŲִ
һ˰ɣǵӰϡҲæڰ֣ǽɡȽʺϸ
ðɡˮֻЭ˵׼ʲôʱȥɸһϢô
еüĿˣٹȥɣһûᡭ
Ҳã⼸ӷ飬ȥɰ̵̸ж鶼Ƶ˻ľҶڴӻ벻㡣
ֱλҲûἰľҶĶôԾԵ֮¼ֵԮġɲ񱨸飬ʹ˻ûг׵ԡȻΪĿǰ׷ʱЩ⣬ǽֻԻӰ壬˳ĴȽϺá

žҹ㻹鷿зſмʮϰ궼ʽġ֪ʲôʱϣԶҵһЩ񻰹º־֮ſ
ԵĿĿЩʱ򣬴Щٵļ¼УҲһЩɡ
î֮Ůô岻ݰֻۣۣ֮֮棿ô˵еתôĵģ
ȻЩУҲõ˲ٵ鱨ɴȴ˸ɻͲ⡣ǧʱ䣬һʱ䶼սжȹʹü¼ȱȫˣǺܶϢ޷׼ȷĺʵˡ
ͷǵڷϵʱ鷿űˡ
˭棿
ҡ⴫˻ű˳ƿ״ˣˣȥϢˡ
֪ˣء
ء
δ䣬ĳһֳ
á˵ЩҪȥ
ǿƵֱӸﰲ


129 ˼
ľҶڵʵܵ˵õģѾܶûоսҵľҶʱɵĻңһʱҲǱȻġȻڰʱҲ𲻴ֻ򰵵Ѳ߶˲١
ִλÿȱҲûгװʱ򣬸СϢͲɱˡ
һ磬ˮľڽֱߵСĵУϹ˭̳ĿӰİ汾ֹǸֺҲԳɰ˹ǳľϣʵ׵ؿûʲôŴܴҲò̫ףͲԸһӵиЦ˷˵ϻӰɡ
Сˮľ·ϣææµµʱ̣ÿʱÿ̶ڷž޴ı仯ߵֻսΪһֽҲ൱ĲΪʲôߴְӶʽ֯һֱ״̬ͲòᵽߴĹϵˡÿߴ壬ʵڿԣѹߵ;Ϊһľܴ֯Ľƣܵ˵άһ̶ϵľƣɵֻľҶߴ忪ʼԻἫٵ׳Ļ¡һľҶͻһȫܹԸߴ壬Ļȫû֮ıҪˣĴô鷢
ΪʲôԭԳɰ˹ʱ͸ĿԳն̶ͣߣ˱ػ̣ʵֹĽͻӰһҵˣƽ⣬粻ͳһĻìǱȻġ
ǱǸС磬ҪҪģһ𴲳йˮľʵҲֻ̫࣬˯Űաû뵽ôȻˡ
ⲻϴ춹ر𣿡кľȻϴ춹ˮľҲʵûôˣô˻ϲ𡣡ʲô𣿡
ϴ춹ȻǸˣܻһȱۡȻҲ棬ƺȫоˮľ򽻵˼
ⲻǸһش˵ˣҪҪһȥϴ춹˿ε˵
ҲԱȥҽԺʱȥˮľϽܾʹҪȥҲһȥ
ôôҲһսѡ
Բῴյˣô򽻵ҲˮľӽʵںԼԲͣܶʱͲܺú˵
ǸԼˡȻûʲô£ϴ춹һȵùСһġ
𣿡ϴ춹ɵʵˣһеҪ㣬Ժ˵ɡ
δ䣬һ˹ˮľõˡ׼ȥˮľ͵Сˡ
ɣ£ǸһȥˡˮľɵҵĶϴ춹˵
ϴ춹ȻǸֵˣʱ򲻻Թɫһɵӣ෴Ϊֱʱȴܹע⵽ܶ˶Ĺؼ㡣һνӴһͱ¶ϴдӡ¡Ҫˮľľ¶ˡϴܵ˺ϴ춹ֿ츳ֱӵˣòҪ̫ӽȽϺá

Ŀϴ춹糾͵ȥˮľЦŶС˵ղŶлˣû뵽Ҳѧأһ˵ˡ
ⲻǿΪôҲ˲𴩡δ֮˭ܵţ
ô򽻵
ϣҺùϵС⣬ˮľûֱӻش𣬶емˮľҲԼԼƺпӡ
СЦҡҡͷҲ˵˼Ǿں˽ƺеΪƫ
ţȻˮľûкС˵⣬ϸȷʵˣ̳ǰļ󣬺˽֮ǰܻᰴռеӡ󣬸һЩǳ۵ıǩˣϴ춹кܶܶ࣬ʵһˮľûкǽ̫ˮľԼһֱɫ۾ڿǡǺûǻ
ǣÿ˵ص㣬ǺͼȫһģͱľӴԺ󣬲Ż˽⣬ȷʵǸظˣǺܶʵϸڵĴǰеլԵԼÿסҰ³߲ҲôĲܹѧУʦȷʵˢӵġ־ŲأľҶȻԣǸ˵ӡʵôܶ߶ϲ͡򽻵־ŲأʵҲûзŲصΪ
˵ˣľҶУ־ŲصΪǾľҶĿ֮ġˮľŲ󣬲˽ŲػûôԻӰλõĿľҶ֮ϵĳ̶ȣʹҲֻΪûӰ֮λ֤ԼľҶעĸ鲢ĿӰԳնŲĴ󣬾ͼԼķʽıľҶı̽磬Ϊ˶ָ߹Լú˵ףǵ͵ʵǻƥ䲻־ŲǺԸֶκǲԼ룬ҲǲкʵʾäĿִУ͵ĺİ컵µļ£ʧԼС
ǣͲҪԴزû֮ӵͲҪͼ
һʼˮľͲŲʲôֵúоģ˵صˮľϻ˽һġûоϸĽӴ᲻ϵƫ˵ҲȷʵýӴֶʵ̫鷳ˣͲд۵ͫܶ඼ǰģʲôա¶ܺҮ᪡Үȵȣʵֳ֣Ի磬󲿷ֺص֣ûġԣڸױ񵽵֮ܲܵǰˮľǾԲ־Ų˽µӴġӲΣǽ֮µĵˮľǶģƣֱƵƷ̵ĻᣬԲܸ
ˮľôˣˮľԼĻʵóĬ˰죬Сɵѵ
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Ҳֻôһ˵ֻǾǰͱ˽оǿ³һҲǺԸӡ
⻰˵ģͲ˵ԼǰеαˡҲֻ׽СŷֵˣҲֻŻԼô˵
һεˮľСЦŵһʱ˲٣оǰҪöˣͺСʱӡԽԽˣҲĳһֵĶ
úþУǰоôôˮľôƭδ޵ģˮľʵе档ͬˣȻҲզء
Ҳ˵ܾ÷Ĳµӡ
ðɣ˵컹ǺеģҪҪ˵̫ǰ飬ʲô󣬻ɱʲôģܱܡ
ղŵϴ춹ر̣оƺ¡ûлӦˮľڴСȴ顣
֪Ҫ˵ϴ춹Ϊʲôǡ⣿ҲֻɺϣĿֱʲôԼȷһ¡ӡֶӻ˲Ĺϴ춹ֱˣܷʲôҲ֡ҪǱĻˮľôشܲҪϴ춹ܰɣ˵Ľ黹ûһΪĵӣϴ춹ʵ־ŲҲһǣġڸֻ֮ǰˮľǾԲ鷳־ŲسκιϵġûһǿƵĻӰס棬־ŲصȨڴûˡ
ˮľ˽⣬СҲڶԣˮľķִ磬С˽ģ⼸£һȿˮľŴЩʵҲǵĲѣˮľҲûʲô̫飬Ҳͷˡ
ȥҽԺȥ̽һ»бҪģ̫ˣȻȥɡȥ̫˴ҶϢȥá
ȥҽԺһҪҪǾȥľú̸̸
ˮľҲϸϼһ£Ŵ˵ĸأôͱȻȲǲˣ׼ת´ǿͣɳ״ѵչڻҹѾ˵£ܲ˳Ӷ˵׼ڵʱ㣬ԭҲе΢ƫڸֻûл˵øصĴ赽׻᲻ԭһҸƣ̵׻᲻ڶֻ̲棬ֵĿѪ֢᲻˳ЩѾδ״̬ˡ
ǲܾôŲܣû˳ȥ˴ĻôͱҪķʵԶԶȲ⡣ҪȻŤԽԽأһױըʧصҪӵΣҪöࡣдֶʵǲôⰡ
δĲȷҪˮľһһĶԴһ棬һߵҪǾǼϮǲ͸ޣ˽ҲʱǱľҶͼ߾βˣûгɹҲ¶ľˣ˽ͲдĿһ棬ͳ˴ԴþãҪֻκá
ڣǲ͸޵ϮĿǰˮľûҵ;ϵɣ³ɰ֮Ыսܣϴ²Ҳһ˵ľҶΣգ߹ľҶսġ᲻ɳĳԱЭץβֿԻǲܺԡ£ҲսҲͰˣڵĻָܲ־Ų¶дۺľջҪսľؿͺԳɰ˹֧ˣԣЩ飬̸̸


130 ֵ
ҽԺֵطˮľʵǲ̫ġҪҲһβ̵ʱˣûжһ˿һľ˵ﻹее롣ģ벻Ϊʲô£ѵˣܻһ⡣սְҵ˵βҲסһ£ˮľͼ顣ԣܲ˾ÿĵһ¡
С˵ͣйһᣬˮľһҽԺȻûʲôرҪ̽ӣȻȥһˣҲ˼ȥһȻҪ
ˮľ˳ҽԺ¥ݣһ·ͨ˶¥Ҫƿ̨ţһʹ˭Ǳߣ
Ҫţҡˮľ˳ȥҾ֪ط飬Ҹ¶ˡ
ϲһ˶˵Ľ䣬ų顶áľΪ˴ʱ䣬ҲΪ˷㰵б˺ǲ̨̨ݶֵطʺϲˡ
ˣľҲûбܻ䣬Ȼţһ˵ô͹ʲôô
Ļ⣬е̸̸ˮľżɽ˵ԭӦĵ⣬Щ漰ӵ⣬Ҳпǣ浽ңͲòһˡ
ţ࣬Ҳѵõеġá̧ͷˮľ˵ҲôϾڵʦһϣľܱһḻʲô飬Ҳù˼ʲôġ
ѧУľҲϵĻˮľҲȷʵǡḻˡ
ˮľǰͿп˱ϣ̾һȻ˵дۣ˽٣
дۣû뵽ˮľһʼ˵ֻĿҲе㾪ȣӦû˽ɣϾôꡭ
Ϊӵдۣź˺ܶ顭ˮľתͷſ˵ľҶͫ壬ǲͰۣһֱΪǿѪ޽磬кúÿǹΪʲô𣿡
ǿʵǿ޷ģ˵ˡ
ˮľҡҡͷ˵ҲܴɣҪûдۣǲǻɣ
ǲдȻǿ󣬵ǶľĸҲǷǳĴڲ֮ҵٲնһԾͰѿĲĸɾ˹ȥֲĻ۵ĳսһǿ˵ʵе㲻
д۵ľ޴ģ֪飬Ҳ޷
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ֺڷܶȱĿµĺ󱲣ҲǷǳ⣬죬ʵǿһֻʵ׵Ķ飬ֱӱɰ֮Ы͵ϴƵ÷񡣶ĸֿҲǷǳļɵ
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ˮľҡҡͷ˵ֻ΢㣬дܶԿдǲҲͫĵȼµġ
ţһҲˡ
һʱ䣬ҲǾԼ۵дһЩ仯ûкдƥ壬Ҳûо޴ĲӦд۵ģԸͲֱ仯ʲô

ˮľĿ˿ƺ˵ѵӣԭΪŻƾʿͲдۣô¡
⼸Ļ󱬷˵ǰĴͿͲдֻۣǿֱڲǿӦʼ𽥼
ˮľʿʱûдˣܹԷǲ֮ûֲǧϸܹٿͲдۣʣҲȷʵžˣѹ˻Ʋ⣬ûд۵Ļ˵ǿ
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տԼѧҲӦõġ˵ˣٴͳˡá
вȥˣˮľҲ˵ʲô鷳ˣǲ˻ûãҽԺסţʱҲʲô£Ȼǲ͸޵Ϯ˵
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û˵꣬Ҳˣ˵ĲˣһʱҲˡ

ˮľȵ¹⼲ĲˮľŽȥʱһִڵĹԱŵ¹⼲磬һ˶ûС
ֱ¹⼲粡ߣ˿ɫ˳òĲ԰ɫԭķɫͿˣͷ˿˵ۣûʲôرģ״̬Ǻƽȡ
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ȻﲻæˮľҲڶˣתȥȻϦպĲ⡣
ףôпˣ
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ǶŻԲѵϦպɣ˰
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Ҫȥã
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ڵϴģôô죿
˭֪ǸӰ㲻ϵˣǹϵҲòȥؼɰϵܲá
ܲѾǺܿ˵ˣߴֱС鷳ǣľҶڲĴеʱ򣬵Ϊ˰ողɰ壬ҪúôȻͬЭīδɣҪֵˡ
𣿡ʵ˵ȻˮľҲǹ²ϴ鷳û뵽ô췢⣬ܶ˵ϴһֱص۲ĶһľҶϢ̹˰ѡ
һɣֽŵʱ̣ᷢʲô˭˵׼
˵ˮľͲٶϸˣ˹Ѿ͸¶Ĺˡ
ʱţϦպĵڰ˰ѧ˽


131 
ڰ˰̽ʱˮľԳɰ˹ĻҲ˵ˡȻҲпǿ˻ˣŽİɣҲ̫ԶЩ̻ӴˣҲ
ˡòĴкʦģ˵ˡ
ǾͲڻƿˡ黹Ƚó
֪ʦôˣûѹӡȮڣֱֱȥԸֱӾ˳
ѾûΣˣİɡԳɰ˹갲ο̡
ӵʦ˲𣬶ûѹ̶˵Ǹ൱Ĵ»һ̣ǱҵĸĬôҲֲġϦպ˵һʱڣ̵ڰ˰ʱϦպˣʮа˾Żָһ̵ӳڴ೤ʱ䣬˵Ϧպָ룬Ժô죬һˡ
ϦպûΣգѧҲǿһ⼸죬ƽһģսҺϮԶԶǰʮľˡ˲εҲһ˶߼еˣܶЩһ֪Ϧպ˵ʱҲǵĲѣڿкá
ȻҾͲˡ
˵꣬ˮľ׼뿪ˣֻй¹Ϧպ¹⼲״Ҫõö࣬ȸֻӦκá
ڳ˵ֻˮľһǺɵˣҪйһβս꣬ˮľͲϦպ켸ûʲô
ҲҪˡԳɰ˹ȽϽõ飬һܾǻսĴ鷳
ȵȡҪߵ˱ߵסˡܸίУתˮľʦͰ˹ʦ
ţסˮľӹϸһ£Ȼһʽеֵ
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ûйϵġϽ˵״˵ֻҪλϾ͹ˣȻһظҪ
ǱǸˣȥˡºܲòԳɰ˹Ҳֻþܾˡʱ䲻ˣҾˡ
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ˮľҲͬˣĺú̸̸Ҳˮľģĵ̣Ҳªŵֻһ֪Ҳһ۱ϳֻۣûȻ֪飬رֲֿԲ
ңȷʵˣȻղ֪Գɰ˹ؿֻ˶ĿĻӣǻôʽ롣ʱԮİ˹ͿˣϲսˮľҲỳʲôҪˮľһ˵ĻܻҪһ£ҪҪôĿŵĺ򽻵ˣݲôôʽ룬ҪˮľڻϿ
ãҲ֪㵽Ҫʲô
˼ɣҴ󶯸ɸ򽻵ܱȺ־ŲˣҪ׵Ķ࣬٣۲ó

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ѿǣ治ߵһ
Ѿ¶£ʹǼӣҲӾļӣڡ֯в£ԼǾԳŲסģΨһпܱӻԼģȻֻʣһˣˮľļֵغʹ軹е㹲ͬԵġܱסͬһĽɪɪôԼҪģ
ľҶòվȽŸС᲻°
ӴԽһʼˮľʵûжѡĻᣬһֱڱһѡ񣬿ƶԼ־жʵ˵Ҳֻھ޴ѹµһЩò˵ˡ
ˣټһʱ䣬ǿʼջʱˡ
ӡɹֻҪҵȻ޵еĹؿͻƣԼĲԱģʽҪ˳ϢҲֲ˲Ķ̰֮Ѿûʲô赲ԼĽŲˡ
һ밲ţֻһĿġΪԼȡʱ䡣ϵҲãĽҲһȫ޹ؽҪֻҪܹڸֻ֮ǰΣյʱ̣־ŲزҪԼС־ˡ

ٽ磬ˮľϸһװȻͳˣִʽ򽻵һĳЩطʧˣüص۸ڶļһ᲻Ūʲô۶Ӿ˵ˡ
ҵſڣˮľ־Ȼվſӭӡ
ôţˮľ˼˵ûٵɡ
ҡҡͷѾڵˡ
߹ǰԺ˳һĻһᣬһǰʽΪԺ䡣
ܹľҶɵԺӣȻľҶһָĺ塣
̸Сһ˾ĿĲãûһĵָ̣оֱķȻܴ
ˮľһС֮ǰͣ
桭
лˡˮľͷ컹ûƽ͵սѣô̬ȺԼ˵ǲϰߡ
ˮľǰţ漴һ˳
ˡˮľӦһȻŽȥȻϵԼˮľɨһľķ䡭
ؿΪʲôû
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秵ĿͷˮľǾһ鶯ˮľӸԽôãûôƺԼôôŤ
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ĻˮľͲ˵ˣҲ
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ˡˮľĴʻ㻥വʵڲǶֱ֣ɣ֪ҵʲôô
˵ֱ˵ʽƺҲģԭҵĲ²⣬ǰǲԼһԸˮľҲˣЩ鿴Ҳȷˡ
ֱӽˮľɣˡ
šͷûСϾ壬ֵطҲû˸ҿ̽
ʱԭȥһŽݺõĲͲ˽ˮľϺò裬Ȼ˳ȥ͸ӰƺԿڲԶš
ٿˮľҲ֪Ҫ˵ľǼܵĹؼˡ
һСڣʵųǸѪģĶǸ޴ֻ۰ɣ
ǡˮľֱӾͳˡֻҪ㲻ɵµõ
ˮľ϶Ļ۾һȻˣˮľҲǸţִ˵е۶ܹŪһֻܹ֪۵Ĵڶ˲õĲѧˡ
ˮľˮľɣȻƿڣҲǶԼλһֿ϶ԼԼĴ
Ȼ֪ˣصǰָˡ
ˮľ֪ĵʲô
ȫӻˮľֱӾͱ¶˵ƣʵҲν飬Ķˮľ˵޹ؽҪģΨһȱľʱ䣬ˮľֱҪ
ҪǲߡЩˮľ˵ƥﻳȻ̽û˵ǵͨģûӦʵ͵λȴԶԼƿصĲƸܶʱǱĿʼ
˼أˮľҲʼ̽뷨
ҪܸҲֵǸǣǵܻʲô
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ҵ˹ת۵ļˣֻ۱Ͼĵմһкֻ۲еת۾ͳΪһˡ
תôԡ鱨ϵƣʹˮľвֹһַתۣڼĺܱܲܣһˣȨˮľߣ֪ʶ鱨ԱӶĶԼıǮ

һֱ쵽ʱˮľŻصң㽻̸ȻͦˣܹɺҲǲˣһǿĺ̨Ҳˮľ΢ġ
ؼҲãһ칤δǧ活˽
ˮľʲô
ӡţ΢΢һ£ˮľ¶ɫĽ˵ӿଡ
ţá
תȥ͵СˮľɫϵЦݣ¶ɫ
СĲ֪ܲ˻ǿ°Ǳ񣬻˵Ǳ÷ǾдۡŲôҵͻƵˡ
Ųص͹ˮľʵͨԸԼǼʹãֶôܶԼЧ
Ȼܹ⣬䵽ԼرСͷϣ鲻ء
һ˵Ŀ̬ȣһ㲻˵ĺ뻵ǷԼ߶⡣Թӣǲ֪ѿ
ǿסеķŭգˮľɿ˽յ˫ȭƺָ׶ƣһ˿˿Ѫ


132 زס
ִơľҶ֮ʮ־Ųأһ¾ʹˮľƼӲǡ
ûһܶϣǰ㣬Ϊ֪˴󲿷ҲһֻҪ绹й˼ɣһ㡣ָƵ־Ų˵ϤԵ㣬ֻڶںڰ֮صļ֮һˡ
ʱ䣬ˮľ󣬺һСͣȻһһ߲ɫĹ۲С״һ˼ŶԲߡ
˵ľ޴ıȻųǿǻָʱ̫ˣʹõڶġôŲؿ϶С˷һαĻᣬԭҲֻᵽ־ŲӰʹùʹ÷Чö֪һֱӱ֣Ȼ;ֹˡ
ԣˮľʱ㲻񵽵ʲô飬׼ȷ˵ǶеͲд۵ͫϤûоͲοԭʵҲ֪ô
ǣʹǱд۶ԻļǿЧҲΪ£ˮľĻˮƽСʹûҪһֽšȴ˲֪СˡľҶûصĻֻö֪ˮľʶУпһϦպ컹ҽԺԲѣľ绹ԼһģӦûڵǲ˵ıķôͬӵд۵־Ųأˮľʵ벻ʲôܹˡ
ôصĶС֣ͼûӵĿԼСûбֳϴԺͶĵļ󣬻ãܲȡ
־ŲزʲôˣٻûĿŵĶûΣӵͬսֱֵĳ̶ȣԲŻַʽ̽鱨ҲǶȫҩɽկȲѡ
ҲŲѾܸ߹ˮľʵóͷӡ鱨شҶѾ֪ˡջǵ͹ˮľĻˮƽҲ̫߹д۵Ͳд۵ͫĻͻֻͨķ룬̶ֳȵĻˮľֲ൱ֲ仯Ϊе˵Ͳ̫Ч
ˮľôôңδǧ活ˮľ񣬡ʲô𣿡
ˮľҡҡͷָ˵СĶͷɵ㣬ġ
һɲӿ룬ˮľĿ£С塣žͿСƺһ̯λϡ
ˮľǡոսС״ãȻ޴룬ʲô
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˶С֧壬ƺӦȻ𾪵ʵ˻ôܣ
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ոպ̸׺ˮľʱõʲô⣬ֻҪԼСĵ㣬Ӧò£鷳СһʼܶûСԣСҲΣ֮Уԭ֪̫ˣҲˮľҪĿĲ̫ٶˮľʵĽչҩҩЧҲģαѪ֮ȫҩϳɣ֪ĶʵҲˮľ˶ˡ
ãˮľ㡣ˮľúСĬһǻΣʵԼ֪ĲǺܶ࣬ʲôҪæһҪҡ
һġˮľͷЩʵʲôģʱͣȫתƵʵңעⲻҪˣԺһͽϾҪ͵ɽկ𡣡
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ֽȱˮľһʵ̫ˣɽկǿԣûиƷʵĲҲ֮ǰԺܲάֲƽⶼų̫ˡ
ѵԼĿ¡ֲܼ̫ٵĴ̼׷⣬ʹ״̬ܲҲֻ̣ܹܶάһٶˣĿǰһ¡һµڣǿܹһõ塣
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ˮľһĪչʱͻȻðһûб¶ģȫΡҾḻһ֪ҪͷʼѧУˮľҪİ֣̽ʵ̫ˡ
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Ļɽկͺܳˣܸܲľͻ䡢ĻòһĻ֣¶ļʾ̫ˡ
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һЩС⡣ˮľԼĸ֪һ¾ԼѲߣԭԼʱ򣬿ܲע⵽ھ֮£ܹĸееĹɡ
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ȻһЩõ飬־ŲصΪͷһˮľᵽˡľҶ֮ǿӲթϰ˺ڰеЩ⼿ͻ鲻ԽĽΪϰǱƫơʵˮľµĲֻҪЩϲ̨СֶΣһЩػصķĿԳնĻֱ̯ƣƵˮľòѡЭĻˮľɾûʲôˡ
ãϵʱԽԽð

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ܵĵʵңСɽկİˮľɽկţڵˡԴ˶ӡоҲǿʼˡ
ľҶҽԺ̨ˮľһκͿվһ𣬿
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˵ŵĿָ˵۵֣Ȼ˵ǰôΣôỹֲˣҵ۾ûϹ̶ֳȡ
ðɣдۿˮľɵÿЦдֱֶס˵һͨĽָĻôд۾VIPذָļϷĻ˵ͨҺսʿĲʵ̫ƽˣˮľǲҪһдԿ
⣬ˮľʵʵ˵ɣ㻹жʱ䣿
һҪ˵𣿡ˮľε˵ȻһʼȷʵǴŹ˼ӽӴôоȷʵҲ̸ǿһѣʱ򲢲ûѻƭ
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ӦðɣҿûôôǿжûôһҲף
ôˣʵ
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133 ղ
˵ܹˮľԼʵߵķкܶࡣǣ䵽ʵһûһ㸱õƷҲҪôЩֻܹǿʹõİƷҪôɴǸ÷ǳƴͨĳС塢쾯䡢սȵȣ˺õҲǾ޽ˡ
̻̽˸ߵ״ֵԭʼɭֵĻУҼ۵ĵطżֻͨޣü򵥵壬ˮľ˵ʵ̫ˡֻҪ̫ԶʵǸ֪ĵطҪǲǿصĻԶˮľһ۵ͨޡ
ˮľ㻹һЩ˲õľס۵ĻдϸѰſܵĶдȻĴΧ۲ҲԶԶͨ۾ҪǿöˡǼˣҲûзˮľ˵ġˡġ
жξ룬㻹еʱ׼Ҷǰﲻʲôæˡ
ˮľҲСʵˣ״ѵ£ԡ֯ṢܲܰæǸ⣬ʹȥˣҲֻǸְŵ׸ˡı徭ڣɽկǿṩսӡ硢˵еô
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һˡ˵ˮľҡҡͷ˵׼ȷ˵Ϊֹֻˣûڰ͵͵ǱľͲˡ
Ѿ㹻ˣ֪˴ŵˮľĻһֻҪٴǰд󲿶ǰϮôһжӦԵķĸǱĻľҶǲµģΪҲڴ
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Ҫ⣬ҲǶ룬ҲǿҲܵġҵҲҲͺ޻֮ͨߡɰ֮Ы͵ϴȫǷ֮
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֮Ľ沢˳ҪȻԳɰ˹Ҳô춼ûл֪ΣУʱܵ֯ϮԳɰ˹ǿսٻ֮Ǳߵ״̫

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߱˵ˣ˳ƾ͹ս·һֵľƹݡȻڰ̨ǰĳ
֮ͬʱǲ͸òԶСУȾƺȵƺе΢ҲͻȻ֧ӣ۾΢
ȻˣǾǲôȷʵѵõǿ߰
ﵽһ̶ȵǿߣǶԼֱ൱ŵġֵĵˣڤڤевУж϶ʵҪοǿʵͷḻľĥһָоܹΣյ̽ܺҪ֮һ
ˣǲߵĸޣǹǿĲʵ˾̾ѣҲûȸ޲ˡ䱳ŵǹɱѹƵıǿҲ˲Һӡ
Ǹž޴ģӦþˮ֮S̸ޣҲܹɱ˵ĴĿˮӰʸʧܹܺȫ˵ĸ֡ҲˮľɽկҲ͸¶һµ˵鱨
šҲͷսѾú˰ɣ
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ֹĹѾɢˣǿжжģʽһΪ񷽱㣬иҪһĿģǾǻӣľǲֿļѵΪ
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Ӧñһγɰ֮Ы͵ϴϮҪȫһ㡣ǲȫľҶʵҲ
ˮľɽկȥˢһˢڸҲǲѡֻҪսನˡ
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134 
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˼սʱһŨȴӺ滺ĽڳˣȫС
֮˭õģ

Щʱ򣬵ޱ䲻һóˮ֮ؿ͸޵ĶԾҲֱӽȻľƲͬؿǷǳóԸ͵ߡ
ٶȣǿֱټӵзḻսؿԸԲߣ൱ĵõġ˵޵ٶȲУʵԱһߵĻҲѾǼΪˡֻؿּٶȼӵµĸ˵ʵ̫Զˡ
ؿˮµĸޣһʱԼԵͣǡǡԼȽٶȼ͵ߡǰԸߵĴ󲿷־飬ܶ඼ѽŲóˡ£ôﳤܶ̾ͳΪ˵ʤĹؼˡ
ˮݡˮ֮
ʮԼص㣬ؿĽ֮еĻԼͷŵȴе˵ξءԼ¶˿ȻĻͻؿٶ£ԥԣӶֻܱ鷳֮С
ˮ֮һǿܹס˵ʽˮͬʱҲܹˮסԼ˵Ĺ
ȫλķİ£ǴһʼԼ޴Ĳͷ޴ѹؿ
ﳤ̣ܶԼƲǿ˵ʤĹؼǸװÿЦʵȴߣ㵽ҪӦأ
ոһֵؿΪѵĿű޴ˮĸȴһĪչ˴򵹵ؿ׼ʤ׷ԱٵȡøսȴԸΥԱˮ֮ĵʱΪ˵෱࣬޴ɧŵͷ۲ѡ
˲öԸ
Ȼѽǵһԡ֯ĳԱˣһΣؿȻǿֲĴ伸޾Ĳŵĳһ亹ҪǲľҶбսؿ֪Լ᲻Թ뷨
ˮݡˮ޵֮
ֻһֻȫˮɵĴȻѸٵؿϮȥûؿȫˮ޵ϮһƬڵˮ𽥵ĸֳһƬ޵ˮ
⻹ֻ꣬˫ֽӡ
ˮݣ֮
ԸΪģһƬŨ֣ȻѸٵӿ
ôȥɲǰ취ľãؿԸʱûʲô̫õķġ
ұӦõֳʼǲ͸޽ѹȻ˵ҲڲԶĵطȴٳûг֣Ҳˮľ÷ǳֵһ顣˵ľӦý鱨ߵҲڵǰϮһЩϢңˮľԼҲ˲ٵ鱨ˡ
ѵ˵ʲôԼ֮ıʷ𣿡
ˮľȻɻ󣬲ߵսҲ˼Ϊؼʱֳ̣ҲֻһɽկѾ¶ֵҲ󽵵ˣȻۣóֵʱ򣬻Ҫֵġ
ˮľҲͲԥˡתۼĲϵӣͲúõĽ翪ʼ
֮һ߿Ȼˮϰʲô˼ڴҶˣһ׽ԲϷɡ
ŽһɱȸղŸ޵֮ŨŲӣѸٵֱݱȫס˲Ž
Сĵ㣬滹صİ֡ͻıʣҲϽǲղŵڶ֮ҷŵġ
ȻƢɱǸ޵Ǻǲ̸ͦģ˶¾˵ƾɣڡ֯УѵõıȽϺһˡ
֪ˣСģⲻǼ򵥵֮ǻŻЧĽʵڲеĻǿԳˡ
ףѵõһȤĶ֣ô뿪ǲءڸղűؿһٵľĸĸҲ൱⣬װһҲûǿʵļһһȴûл֮úôһʵڲϸ޵Ը
ȻǱ߿ʼˣôҲܲʾһˡô˵ŵĸ޳ϱŵ
޼նֻԭѾԵʮ־޴޼ͻȻķ˱仯䵶ڲĹע֮£Ѹٵı쳤ֱ쳤ʮ׵ʱ򣬿ʼһĵ˳Ÿ޵նһȺˮʼؿѹ
ֶΣֱ޲޴Ʒӵ쾡£ͬʱ޼ľ޴Ҳõǡôֽ׶״µؿŶݼףȷʵԶԶǸ޵Ķ֡

ľؿֱǲ͸޵ʱˮľҲεûΪȾƶ¡Ǳ˸סˡ
ʲôˣҲ溮˪ĿǰһϮڵ׺Ƶۣаŭѣǳһû뵽ͱ˸סˣҪˣڼ˿ص״̬Ҫǡ֯һʲôֻǿɾΣˡҲֻܼϣ־Ųػһֶտһˡ
֮һҲʵҲ֣Щԭ򣬲òǰڴ˶ͣһʱ䡣
ĻػҲͲٳˣʵղŵûбҪֻйµһ°ˣ˵װ֪Ժͳɰ֮Ыϴͬһ֯Բһ仰ܽˡ
սپ˼ҲѸٵҧָȻӡóͨŲıһֻ޴ľҶС
ͬʱľҶҽԺĶ¥֪Զսֱ仯ˮľͻȻֵľ޴ͨһ
ô᣿ľǱߣеˣǿˡ
ܹҲòԴǿУܹľҶһԼģҲôˡ
Լˣʸ֮ǰ֯ǲưոˡ


135 к
ֱڣˮľᵽһƫִǶôĿ£ƫƫЩһﻹһ츳ʵǿ󵽿ֲ˵ǵǣ˾ۼһǿƻʵ̫ˡ
һΣ˵ɽ֮ˡ
Ȼˮľжϳˡ֯ڲսĿԲ󣬵ȴһֿԣŵԸʵʰвš֯ǲͺھĿĺжʽƻڵ֧ԮܻеܾնࡱʽЭ˵ôء
Զ̵ͨĸ˫ӰʱˮľѾףһǱľҶеġ֯ĳԱֹܲǲ͸ˡܹҲĶ֣ҲֻкҲʵ̫Զĸ֡
Զսˮľ״̬ʱҲﲻʲôæľҶҽԺصأ϶ǲģû൱̶ȵĸֵĻǺʱӦԣһˮ׼֮ϵĸֶϣ׾ͻᱻŪڹ֮䡣
ͺñڣˮľͷ۵ĿŸѲߵ߱ɵӰ˴Ϊ
ô򵥵նսûкõͷӵʱﱳɫ߼ֱһȺں֮ڡݣָӲʱһҪԼְȻܺúõһ𲢼սˡ
׾ķעطȻ¶׾仯֮ȷʵǳˮľɽկ֮⣬ˮľ֪׷ֱıˡͨյ˵ĲͿģԷı˵ҲΪǸˮľǣͨȻܴﵽЧɽկĵͲ¡ķˮľҲòϣ׾仯ҲԼһЩС
׾ܹˮľһҲ֣ؼ֯Ŀģʵˮľͷ۲ѡ
Ŀȷֱָβˣǲ͸ΪһϵľؿмڶסҲҪսƺٰɳ²͵ȡβ鷳ַҲֻкھǲŻ᲻䷳飬ھԮϴʵڲ֪ڲڵˡ˳㡱Ŀ֮С
ˮľεǣˮľ֪Ⱦ鱨ƣûаﵽʲôæܻܿ˷ЧԭӦþͽ˵ľҲˡ
Ȼ˴ôʵֲһ°ɣ
Ȼ״ѣҲȫսֻҪ̫ҵսȻ͸֧壬ûʲôˣ˵ĿˣֻҪãͽĴ롣
̬˽ˮľҲĥ䣬̧־ͷųԮźŵĿֱľҶҽԺϿըһļХľҶ壬еľҶ񣬶Ծ̧ͷߵ⡣ողžս˵ľҶٴдһӰ
źŵ֮ˮľֱ¥˵Ĳǰţȴ沢û˻شһᣬˮľתԶǲĲû߽ܻĴ
Ȼ
ˮľţȻֱ˽ȥ
Ǹλˣϸ˵
˭ˡĬͬĻش
ˣϻˮľֹҪȥˡոս˰ɣ
˺ǲͷ
ڣˣҪԼˮľ˷ʱˣʱÿһӣӵΣաδ֪ĵˣ˵һ̾ͻǰ԰׾ǲǿս˼ưսɹ۵ͣ˵󲿷ֶսϲġˮľȻľҶں֮ڵͷԣսۺʻǲģˮľոտİ׾ֲ˶ãôرʱڣǵ˶ȡβĺûᡣȻ󣬸
沢֯ĺõطˮľսʽʺҪһԿĵطСңôһʱˣҲӦûָòˣʱ򣬲ĺõĻʵҲһİ֣ȻۺʵҲ̶ãǣͨһǿͨޣӰʱ䣬ˮľʱ޷ٳ䵱̹˵״̬ҲǺܴİˡ
ۿҪˣһߵǲʵˮľʦʲô𣿡
ˮľתһ룬ǲߣд۰ټǲۺʵҲǶμˮľһսˡҲɣע⣬СʹÿƲעⲻҪ͸֧壬״ԼĻͲҪǿ
ǲͷ˵֪ˡ
ʤ޵İ֣ˮľҲǸµһ뵽ܣڶ뵽ľǳҩȻʹá˵衱ܴܿܣһ̫ǿļһĻƿһԺͷɼӿƵսʽˡҲҪ̫ãȵֵԮˡ

һսǲľսȻڽ״̬˵սԽӽʵʹսپΪľɱСУͬӵд۵ǲǰѴСĿǲӵĻᣬҲʹ¶ĻἸûСʱòԶĵطͻȻֵսҲ˵ע⡣Ũ֮Уʱ޷ȷϾ״Ź˲ãһźŵŨýսļ˶ʱˣսҲôˡ
ô£Զѯʵ˹ӦûԮɣβС鸺𣿡
šǲĴӦһƺеĲɡҲ֪Ҳû˵顣
ǲǱСˣƽУƺ͸¶˵ıŰ
쳤űǲ͸͵͵ɳİֵĻ͸¶ĶʵҳϵĲΣǸ޾ܵ顣
Ҫޣö֪ǲȫʲôŬҪ飬⣬ȥ˵
Ǻãʵ̫鷳ˣڵ߲˵ǿڹؼĻҲǳ鷳ô죿
޵ȻԹǿƣΧҲ٣Ŀĵʹãֻǰװ׵ĲˣˮľָؿһȵսֱͷӦٶȣôˣûдйһΣ෴Լȴڻĸ·˺üС󣬱˱ؿص˺üţֱڣ嶼ое΢ĲӦ
ҿ£ǲ
ã鷳ģӦ״ó˵꣬޿ٵĺǲһ
ףŸ޵Ŀ̤ˮ漤˵Ĺâд۵Ķ֮£㲻гĵطһӾͱˡ
עˮ¡
ǲѣҲϽԸղźԵĽϸĹ۲죬Ȼ飺ԭﰡҾֻ֣УȻܹó̶ֳȵĽЦҹ֮Ȼˣôá
ΪʵΪǿˮߣһֻԼˮݻˮµˣö֮ͺ˱˻ԼóķԸԼĿԡ
Ǻηʥİɡ˵ŵĸҧʳָӡ֮鰴ˮ棬֮ͨ
Ÿ޵ͨһֻ޴㸡ˮ棬ţڸ޵Ŀ֮£ʼˮѲߣϵɱЩ۵ͨޡˮĸ
ǻ쵰ԭѾĽͨԶǲ±֣û뵽ôΪһ⣬֮±¶ˡ
ˮľɲô򵥵䣬ǸҲһĹˮĸɱˮľĽҲԽԽά֡ǲ֪֮䣬ɱ˴ˮĸ㣬մ˲ˮĸƬо綾ˮĸ֣вٶϣִо綾Ĵ֣ϵĽעڣģҲֲסˣͨͨޣڴľ綾ǰ
ܸͦɵһֶοǶԸ㣬Ǹʱ䣬û̫ˣôɣ޼˵ţջ쳤޼ʩչһǿĶˮµ޼ںϡ
һᣬ޼ڲ֮£˸޵ڣֻԭȻֲǺôάģĸޣһ˰ĿֲģһӾˮ¡ǿĹͿٵƶٶȣʹˮµͨҲ޷ֵһᣬͨ޴ıɱҲΪĻˮľɽկʧȥ˽ڱκ󣬱֪Ϊߵİ˰״̬Ĺ޸ˡ
ԭһֱͶڽ°ǵΪȻϾҪˡ
˵ˮϵĻؿľǰ棬˵ܹˮһ£ˮ£ֻˮľɽկһˡ

ҲɫصǰˣһʱֻԹۣʱû¶ʲôرʵϰ¶Ե¶ֲҶƬ״ģԼɼİװڵףʾһģԲ֮һߣ¶д۵ļһ¶˿µĿռؼͨĪķʽ˸˫նֶΣҲ֪ˣһԲԼԭΪֻҪͿԺܿĽɫ
ֿ֯Ļ̽ɾΣ˰


136 򲻴
ǲʵǼΪǿġǰʱ㣬жǿʵ̫þܹΪ̴Ͳľҹ֮ĵڶλʮβ־ӹɵġ
Ŀǰʹ˵еġ̡֮һҲսǲʵȷʵеӦҪҲΪľҶУ̫ʺʹ̫޴ĻĿǰֻʹһĻͲд۵ʵԲҲĶ֡
˵ߵľս͸Ӳֵһˣʵɹ۵ķ֮⣬ʵôȻ᲻ľݵǣֱӹ͵൱١£ҲֻԱˡҲĸֵĽԾĻǾְӵʵܹӦġ
Ǹʲôģôæǲһ߳ӦҲĹһ߶վһԿֵľıԹ
ȻҲûʹʲôŸ˫նǲҲֻǱĶšȻͲд۵ͫģԶľҪСö࣬ҲôֹʹõġҪгϸ֧ţôʹ黯ҲĹ۾ΪͫĹʧˡ
Ҫôأɲôҵսʲôó
Ҳ㲻ȫôپľݣõûҲָ֣Ǿ𲻵ˡ
Ȼ֪˵ĿʵǲҪһ¶ĽɣҴһ
Ѿֲ˳ǧϸ壬ҲζͲ޵ġ
ðɡԾǲıϵĿ꣬Ҳ㡰֯ѵõ̸ˡ
ԾʵʱܹɵóģҲֻľˡֻڹǲĸ㣬ͻȻεضľѸٵĲƣʱסжͨҲֻͣ¹Ľ࣬վڸͷҲǾȵŸոʩչľݵľ
ôܣӰеȻһģŹֵİ˾ô׵ʹ˳ľֶȻϽˮݺݵʱ仯ϺһѪ޽¶ľʹߣ˳Ӱǧ֮⣬һûС˵ݣ۶ݣжݺƶ֮ĻţѪ̭ں϶ܹȶĴеĻôݾľ޽ˡ
ҲصľҶʱ䣬Ҳ֪˲ٴӵšֲ˳ϸʵƷһҴߣͳɹóľݣȻҲûмˣʵҲһ֤ʵľݻõļѡĿǰ֪ɹİȫͳӰйءͻȻֵĵˣͻȻ֮óľݣʵҲ̫ˡ
ӰţԶľݣ˵ͳйأ
һ뵽һֺͳӰйصĿԣҲͲͷƤһ顣ܶǰԼֵǸӵֻ۵꣬ԼȲѣڸľݶˣһһҲоǱŵľ顣
Щ˵񻰣ܿǵľ룬ûеôңԶ
Ҳ͸ͣ˶Ǿľ̶ֳȣֻڸղųľһԵʵһ񡣶ʱ䣬ǲǻһ˵һߺ;վһ
ղд˰ɣľһʵ֮ҲҲǲսʱ򣬶ʹ黯ܹʱżһƳзֵľʵǺľҶϵǳдۣľݣһˡԭֻ뾡˵ˣȥľ˻ľҶҽԺȥˡղˮľŵźŵҲҲˣȻҲǽѡոշֵ𾪵鱨Ҳǲ˺ӵ⣬ˣǡ֯еҪץסھͺˡ
ʵҲҲ֪ģҪץסһռǶôļѣûӦƷͲκΰ취סˡǿռ̫ĻĴĿӰˮҲôͷˡҲΨһܽץסĿԣ֮ǰǴòκȻӡסڵĲ
ȻĻôǿսǵ֮Ĵͨ޲ʣĻݡͶݲʣôֻģʽˡ
·һҲҲԸǲ;ץסĿԡֻҲѸٵٻ־˺ˣȻʼģʽ׼
СҲʱʲô£λ˺Ҳʶˡ
ǸˣҪ鷳λæԸǿС
ǿУǶǸˣȻģװʲôˡȻôͿʼɡ
ҲģʽȻǿ󣬵ҲȻĸ֪ôɫóģʽ֮ƶеĹֶξͻΪ֪Ȼܵơʱ򣬾ҪλḻλЭˡ
ιι˵ǲǸóˣһ˵ʼˡ
ǱϢô
ûС
Ǿټһᡣ
֣Ϊѵ˵ôĻ϶Ƕסˣ㿴ǲǡ
УսģˡǲûĻͶȻܾˣǱ߻Ҫͣˣʩչŷ⾡ղˡ
ľɽ˵ţȻҲԴޣģʽĿֲ˻֪ġǲ;Ŀǰչ¶һͲдۡԼͨľݵʵǿˣסģʽҲʵ̫Ϊˡ
ΪʲôҪӦ̵ֿľҶӰˣڻӰ֮λȱУִԼͷĿûУбҪ𣿡
ǰǲ롰֯еʵ˵һԿ϶ǲļ룬ûڼʹ֮䣬ѡ˴ǲ˫׶ˣʣ˵ܵǲ
ǲ롰֯ͺ£ǲһĵĿͷԼǾǲôݻľҶǲжףľҶƲӣ̳ߵ£Ÿ̽ţȴͲǡ֯Ķ֣֮ĸ֣鲼̽İӺΧ֯Ǵ˵ӵֻ֮ۡ۵졣ȫԸϮľҶĻǾ͸ͲľҶֵܹˡ
Լƫִ˵൱ԼģȻܴһҲųǲǿʵ޴üֵãһôǿİʵǲס
Ծ⣬ǲֵԼѵôã
ðɣ˵öԡǻµľҲòǲľžޣûֲǧϸҲûκ죬ܹǿ̶ֳȣȵ͵ǲߺǧҲ˶ˣҪ֪˿޺Ͱ޵ת
Ȼ˵ҪԼΪʲôҪжĲɣңǱôͣ
Ϊ֪ڶûϢǾ˵ĬˡǿɲôҲô߻һǿеӵСϡǱߡǲҲǸееΪѣá족ݣʵ̫赭дˡ;Ϊ뱳Ҳֻһ֮ңˡĽѵնʹãɲǼ򵥵ļ仰ܽġ
ô죿е㵣ǵ˵ǲʹ˳𣿻иǱҲҪͣս
ҵּİֿ治ݣڵġ֯Ķ飬Σ򵥵һ˺öꡣĸֲһԱ£Ŀǲҡ
޲õģؼǸ״֪ģƵľ޶ǲ൱ŷֻҪ˵ǲͲˡ
Ұɣ£ģҲҽִεжô鷳
ͷ˵Ȼô˵ˣǾͽˣòҪʲôӡ
׽βʼ֮ǰĵȴ벼õǲѾһֱӸʮβȻԼ롣տʼͳ˴⣬ԭӦһʧսˣɰ֮ЫôĻˣϴɴ౻ץ˷²Ȼ׾ֻ۵Ϣӵǲǲѣˮ֮Ĳ֮ˣϧǲҲҪץβĴ۲νˡھԮ²ĵϴҪĿꡭ
ʵûлȳɣֻҪܵõǿľβһжˡ
ô׼ôסۿҲģʽҪ׼ˡٴʵ
סķУǲʺʹáҲǳģʽ״̬µҲܹ̽סָڲ¶̫鱨Ҳǲֵ̫Ļ治ð졣ܺǸѡ񣬲ò
ҪһͲд۲ܿܺʵǿǲڻûʸʹãΪ۵дۻľۿС
Ҳ̾Ҫͺˣ˵а취
˵𣿡ͻȻһ˹ţһƽǲ˹
ôôˣȵʵ
û⣬ǲŴ˵ᣬһ͡
ǻûоȫֻѾǺܺõĽˡңЩҲú̸̸


137 鲻Խ
֯ڲ⣬ԱеҪӵöࡣڵǲʵûб¶ڡ֯ԱǰΪǲߣԱ󲿷ָûҲΪֻһȽ϶࣬ԸҲЩˡֻо֪ݣǲûмĿֻ֪Գǲߵˣȷʵ̽Ϊǲˡ
һΡ֯ò׿ʼʽжˣû뵽ȴʦһıʲϵķȡβжǶԡ֯ôĲõһõļ顣
ߵҲʱҪӦһ¡ǲʵǷĵġҪӳеսԼҲһʮİκεҲֻֻܹȵʤˡǲĹ˼ʵ̫ˣľҶİΣһ㣬丶˾޴Ĵ۲űסĵܵǲҲʵǿǲò֯ıϡ
ԡǲͷû˵ķϻ
Ǳ߶ˣЩɻʵأûиһ𣿡
ˣ޵˹ţһſµչǰ½˰˰״̬ȻǸϲ
ˣǲʵ
ɣˡ
Ϊʲôûɱе㲻ıԹ
ֻҪβ־ˡҶҲô׶ԸġľؿʵǱȽ˽ģһڸϡĽɫûбˡ
ѵôˣȥŰɵжô죿
ôˣûеֵϢһᣬûϢĻͼˡ
Ȼ̫ģжʧܵĿѾԽԽˡ
ڵǣӲǺˣҲڣ˵һЩصĸڣľҶʵǲСġûȫ׼£ֱӺľҶȫԿǲǵģǵһȻӲľҶҪѡ

ľҶҽԺˮľһ·˺ǲž¥̨;ȻһѯʵĶûУˮľˣľҲ̫ˡ԰׾仯ðһʵ̫ˣ˵̣ƭȡ֮ö֣ͿԽľҶˡ

Щʱڸ޽ˮľͨĲʱˮľ֪ˣлŸ֪ټϢǿЧָӵĻˮľʵ൱İյġ
ֻƻʵǸϲϱ仯ڴƻĸǰ澫ϸˮľʵûʲôõķֵο޼ںϳɰ˰״̬ĸޣԲĸ֪üΪһֱĶˮµˮľɽկҲ޼ɵĲݻˡ
ڸǱ޷˲֮ˮº͸޾ĻˮľԼŲ˼غϾҪ˺Ƭˡѣˮľֻ÷˼صĴ㡣Ÿ赭дľóˮݡʳֶԸˮµ˵Ĵɱˮ֮ǰˮľһϸȻˮڶ𣬽ھؿΧ
ôˣû°ɣղˮϵı仯ؿҲǿѸˣԱ鷳
Ҫˮľҡҡͷ˵ˮǶԷսܺˮ桭
սѡȻˮľֺſսķӣʵԸ޵ʵҲ൱ڴֻУˮľˮϧĵط࣬ҲҪԷ·ߣȥɽ֣ѾǴѵõıȽƫƧĺսˡʵʱƴ֮£ˮľʲǶ֣ڶԷóķӲӲˮľû뷨
ˣȻԷʼó汾ˣҲô˷ʱˣȻԶԷʵ̫ʧˡš
ֻʹñؿֻܿٶڸ޵Ĺ¶ӦԣҪˮľİæ״̬ͼֲ˶áûˮľİ֮󣬾ҪؿԸˡ
ˮľؿ״ʵһǵģǰԻҹʱùŶݼףһֱšţȸˡսȥԮһˣȻɴ˳ɰ֮Ыָ֡˸ǿȵսؿָʵֹۡҪԸȫԸһܱ֤ʤ˵ǿߡʵеΪؿˡ
šŴ򿪵ؿѾˣʼŶݼ׵Σ
šؿ׼򿪰Ŷݼ׵ŵʱɢˮľɵƳһľǲսȴķ֣ǲҲ߱õĻᣬĿͶߡ
ã㿪ˮľĿǲд۱˷糵״Ͳдۣҽ߶ؿϡ
쵰һϷôôʲô
ıʣرҲǱߵıս͸ղԮźŵǲʹһ侲Ҳе㼱
ôˣڰŶݼײĳиûӦؿǶ㲻ˡѣˮľֻÿ첽ǰסǲͶؿϵߣȻѸپۼ˴ĲһڵҪĲܡ
ûˮľ÷ܶûг׳ͣһڵĻˮľǰƾȼ𣬲Ѹӿ
ǻ쵰ǶҪںüƣ׼ųֵôҪжĺֲаôľͷŴУֱˣԸؿȰŶݼ׼ҲˣСආҲأûбͷ׷ˡ
ˮľ©ٳĲܺôҲһãٵסֱȼظͷ­ջ棬Ⱥ־ûôˣֲĺ׿ʼ˳֫Ѹӡ
ôˣˮľؿˮľܵ˺æ
𿿽ҡˮľæ˵ʧһɽկȻۣôҪؿСմȾջ棬ȱ첲ȿɾ鷳ˡˮľĻһһǷɽմ˰Żߵֱϡ
ҵȼղϵˮľ壬Ϊһ棬ؼȼʱ־ҵʹ࣬˺޲ιȥĳ̶ȡ
ôˣԶĿؿ߾Ʋæɱ
ԴӴԽ£ҲսˮľսҲˣһսŵѪܱȫѪҺٲ˶ˡ˺ʹǰҲǿ˲١ǿʹˮľóһᣬѸٵ̯ڵϣȻʹ˷ӡֻˮľĶĴӵջıӡ
ԭֻΪԷһĶû뵽óҾȻԼյһҲϵεǲܵĴ˰ɣסյķܶ࣬β޲Ϳ˦գɸֻѵȼ׺·ˣΪʲôԼ඼յôң
ղŲֵܵĵĲˮľһٶһĻöɽկԼҪˡ
ˮľҪɣ
ˮľʰϵĹĺɫ棬ܹԮĿæʵ
û£ոˮľס˹ؿش
ؿͿĿһɽկĲ״
Ұﲻæˣȫˡ
ʱδļ˻û˹ķֻѾ֧ŲסɽկͻȻɫһ䡣
Сġ
ʣļֻŵͨ޻ʵļˮµĶˮľոոоԵʱһֻ޴ˮˮֱӴӼ˵·ֱһƬҵˮɽУֻ˱ˮɣ޴Ĺһ·ǰƽᴩ˰棬ֱصڰ߲ͣ
ˮȥֻάŰŶݼ״̬ؿ״̬㲻ٶˮֱӳֻǱ֮ľ޴ˮľˮľ״̬ͲôˣȻ˺ҧ죬ҲӴײţʵʵıĴڰϡ
˵ˮľЦõĶǱľ˵ۿͻķôĸ
ղҪľ˳һˮľֱӶܵĻҲ˵ôء
ȿȡ³еˮȻε˵ܷӦɣʵ̫ˣҲʵû뵽ˮô󣬲Χô㡭
ðɣˮľٴδžĳˮӿĸޣȻ󽫸ղŵľύȻҵı塣
һ£ˮľ˵Ȼ˵̫ʣǽϽȥֻᱻǣűߣס˲Ҫġע⣬ǲո뿪ˡ󣬾һ㹱װɡ
ؿ𿨿ܹˮľųӿ˷һͷˮȻͨ޵İѸٵı򡣴޿ֻ֮һըľ޴ˮǿĳֱӽˮĸ׷ɣø޵Ĺ޹ͬʱҲľؿս
ŽԶȥľҶ̣룬ûȥ׷ǲ뿪ķȥ


138 С΢
ˮľɫһ߿̻ŷӡһ߿ǲ˻ǽϾΪֹûʲôǡսԶ룬ˮľеĲȴԽԽˡ
ͻȻһҵʹϮֱӾͽˮľԭȶ˼һ࣬סˮľҲͣ˶ĿҲѵһڵϡ
ôˣˮľʦͻȻ֮ıʣ˶һ
ˮľûлش˵⣬ҡҡλεϸŸղӿͷļ䡣
Ѿôһɽկǲշյĸоԭģʹ಻Ļ䰡
ɳɽկȥǲּʱˮľԤУܻܿزˡ˱ոɾոȻԱ˸տʼ𵽵ãûó
Ӳʵв࣬ǲаڶֶαԵֱѹˡ
˲ҰܣҲɲˮľ˵ɽկʵȥˣ״̬ãҲĺ϶١ؼԼܹҡǿżֶΡôȥĻҲֻܴﵽϦպǸˮ׼۸һ³ݱ̶ֳȵˡ
ģʽǽ߶ս볡ȯһҪѧᡣ
ңģʽҲǶˮľĿǰ״һĻáģʽ¾޴Ļָһ̶е밵ˣȻֱҲܸԼȡһʱ䡣
ˮľʦҪȥҽôʵһԵǲҲһǵߡ֮ǰڴҰ֮ԴͻȻϮˮľķӡͽʮ̵ӡ󣬶ʹһΣҲûˮľ˽ŹõĽԱϴεĻҪӵöࡣ
ɲͬ˵Ĵ񾭣ˮľı֣ȫǼǿ֮ǰĽѹԲΣС
ˣˡˮľҡҡͷеˣûһҽҵġ
ģ˺ɵˮľƺԴԴɵˮľʮš
ˣ˵ֹ˽ȥĻˮľʦ㲻Ҫ˰ɣ
ţûˡɽկǳԵļ䣬ˮľǻָ˳̬
ˮľûʲô󰭣ҲģǿУˣǲġ
ʲôܹæô
ţСˮľһȻ˵ˣǱǸϣʼעǸ棻ˣע⣬뿪Ǹ֮ǰҪκ˿ã˵κˡûˮľٴǿ
ˡǲ֣صĵͷ
ιˮľʦΪʲôһЩս񣬾ҲŲҪ
ˡˮľˣСӵ˵ʵ˵˰ɣһûõĻ˶ãǿܶҪˡ
עҪĲˮľǿҲԽսˮľҪսһĶõĽ˵жá֣ȰæҲʡˮľ顣
ˮľ˵ôأֵҲŵˣҪɣһξʱڲ֮׵˵һγͷһʶ߲һϷپ̿ԣսҴĿӰԳնûж
һΣٴĻʱҲЦ˼
֪ˣˮľʦ
ֺý࣬Ҫ꣬ƽʱķˡˮľԸҽ֮ͣǰҪ飬һᱣǵġ
׼ãˮľҲ׼֮ʣµǵŵˡ
֪ĸְܹɳ²ֵģǲֻоˡ
ˮľŵʱԶҲͨ޸ŵĵطͻȻһ޴ĳȺɫľ޴Ӱվ޽ף޴ѹȸУԶԶŵˮľܸоҪԾƿ˫ܡ
ܺùˣ¶֪ûãڸܺҪͫôʹã޼ɵȥõȵ۾ҪϹˡ
ǲҪʱҪõö࣬ǣ˶ʱڴͲд۵ͫܵѹԲᡣ
ǸǣǲɻԶȺɫܺʵôֶ⻹ô
ĻˮľȵʵȻ֪
Ҵûֶǿ߶ôļһôĽ˵
ðɣ޷ֶ̫࣬Ժ֪ġ
Ѿд۵Ȼܺһ֪ʵǴˮľԤϣ˵ǲȻˣӦû˲ٶģͲдֶǲ֮󣬲֪پž޵ǲһꪳɳͲд۵ͫܺӦòȱټزŶԡ
֪ҲãҲʵ޷ǲ̫顣Ҫ֪ǲˣ֪ʲôжĵŰɡ
ˮľܵĻȻ׷ʣһ»סˣҲ֪ˮľҲشġ
ҽԺ̨ϵˣôԶԳͨսȷʵǿڼҲռϷ磬ǲܺȻҲߣǲȫܺûǿһжĳ̶ȣҪǱϻǲ;ҲǣҲǳŲ˶õġ
ˮľʦúɫ˻Ӯ𣿡˵ǵԶļս
ӮˮľЦЦ粻ûбҲǿˣǣٶļˣʱûʵ
Ҳıʵһ棬ͨҲռ˺ܴһ֡仹ǿʱͨ˳ĶȹƿڣҲڰ·زۡڣûͨ޵ҲȻǿ󣬵ҪΪǿߣģʽͨ޶ǲȱٵĶЩҲеһ¶·硣
ɫôǿܺǿֲĳֽʿҪ˵ҲҲǲܵġ
ˣͨãҰ޿˲𰡣ѵǿֳܹһβܣɲĽˮľָŸ˵ǱǸ˫󡣬ȸϴ̫Ҳ˶٣Բõġ
𣿡еĵ˵ˮľʦ֪ôࡣ
ֻ֪֪ġˣЩ鵽ʱ㣬Ȼˡ
ȫˮľʦ˼
һ˵˲̫ףֻǲָ֪
ˣע⡭ˮľͻȻԹ۲Զս˺˵
δ䣬ֻ̨ͨűƿȻһϤӰС
³ʦˣ˵һǰȥк붯ˣߵһѰס˼
Ҫߡ
쵰Ҫʲô
ˮľʦķԸѵ
ǣ³ʦ
ҡҡͷȻûзſקס˵֡
ˣԭﰡڲûǣΪǳʲô顣û£Ҿͷˡ˵ŵ³΢Ц˹
³δԸ߽Ǳǲסȥ·
ôˣ³һıʵ
ǣÿǿ³ʦ
³һߵˮľЦ˵Ҳɷѿˣ
ˮľʲô˼³Цʵ
Ҷ֪˲ٹɣˮľһӣһͽ³ԭزܶ
ˣź³ͻȻð˼Э˻ƵԭΪߣͿԲɫĵ֣û뵽д⿴žβּƻıʻᷳ
ô£ȻǼٵģͻȻı仯˾ȲѣԭֻǳڽĻɶжҲһ
̾Ϊֹαװ˭ãƫƫҪ³ҽԺôİˣҪȫ治ף³ʱܹ뿪ѧУǹ¡
ˮľû˵ǣ仯ܹϢͲΩΩФģ³ˮľֲ֪Ϊ˵ߣڽ֮¶һܹ׼жϳ䵽ǲǰ׾ķʱֻҪԵ޹ʽӽ˵Ĵڣᱻˮľɣֹؼʱ̣һȽϺã¸ˣºٽͶСˮľѹ֮£ٻûٵֿ¶ˡ
Ȼ¶ˣð³Ҳûнŵ˼ȻҲֻǿд߾βˣҺûʲô֣һ̶ûУҪȻΪء
˵ֻ̨꣬Ѹٵĳʮ׸ߣ󲿷ֶľҶĻͨĴ硣ˮľעģɾһŶߵĹ
ǲ𣿲ԣİɡ
׾ټļսΪǿĴ֮һû뵽֡
û뵽ǿУ˵ܡ֯ĸ˵ǿа


139 ޴ı
ɵʵǿˮľԿһʤ㶼ûСİ׾ķʢŵ֮⣬ʵҲûж̫õĹȻ׾󲿷˵Ҫǿöġϸ޴ƣʷ棬ǿ˾󲿷һء
ʵϣˮľӦ˵ʵǰɵľ֮־ѹҪǲĻˮľܼһµġƣǤֶ֮Ȼ鷳ǡòˮľµͣ˵ֻҪˮľ׼ʵûдﵽѹĳ̶ȣˮľǲôµġ
Ŀǰ֯ĳԱƺԴΧĹ˼ɣֻҪðʹľ֮ȵԼˡ
˵ô˵еĶʵ԰գҪðɾò˦ҲӮҪܵʱ䣬еĲѶȣҪˮľٳˡ
ˮľʦ˺ܶ࣬ô죿ǲͻȻֵӰŵʵ
õġˮľͳޣһӳ䴩˼ð³İ׾ͷ­Ȼ˵ҸղŷԸرˣҪġ
ڰóȫ֮ǰ̫⡣ôսеƣֲƵöôƽƣҪ顣֯ĿǶȡβ˶ɱ¾β֮ڴղŴβޣôԡ֯Ĵʵ̫ˣȻܹ꣬ڱ¶˲֯鱨£жĻһҪѵöࡣ
Ը˺Ҫ飬ˮľʼһѰ׾Ĺ޴ĲԴǰܶҪĴĲʹõսʱֶΣڶԡȻʵȷʵƣԼսнͷӡİټ϶ֻҪľ֮ɵʵûСԣˮľʵҲһᶼûУ˵һԼսһûᡭ
Ҫƺ״Ҫ̫صˣԣ޴󰭣ܺá
һأˮľͷһûǰļδսһó˵ֱȥƴ֡һʮսȥ͵ƴⲫûֱֹ
սĸı䣬Դڵ˵ĲͬʵߡˮľڵʵȥԲ֮ĳ棬Բᵽ˻Ȼ˽һµĳ̶ȡԼԵĵˣȷһһ¡̵Сӣġָսֵһᣬɭͬ桰ϰսҲֻֿЦģҩʦѾԼıȽĵˣˮľǿˣǿսƽ֡ĸôȽأɭְԼɽկŵ˦˴ܣй¶鱨
֮̿ǿ֮ĩĴ趼ŵԼͷڹꡣٽԵʲôˣɰ֮ЫϴǲޣСආûֱӾӢֵĵսѾˮľĳɳٶȫϵĳ̶ˡ
Һãһ԰׾Сӣ˰֮⣬˻ǿܶԸȻ׾ڷʽǳĹ죬սȷʵڿԴķ֮ڵġ
Χ£İ׾ˮľ˽磬Ȼֻˮľķ޵нЩѸٵĳͣȻ󿿽İ׾ʼһ
ףֽЧǰҲһޱˮľķһӦЩܷĹһ߷ֱŽͣɲǻЧܹﵽİɣҲһʵ⵽ʲô
ǵһ°ɣ˵ˡ
ûƵİ׾ƾͱȥ˴룬ȻʱսʵͶˮľˡ
ֻ׾ܹͨʵѹˮľķˮľķȴֵǻЧɵһ±ҪҲܹͨĳַʽٵĻָȻսȥַʽʵһ̶ϾвԵķð׾ͻƲ˷
ˮľŵһеú˳ĵͷΪӦСΧǿȵ˺սоĳɹʵΪ˿ܵŶӳͻУƵʱõ壬û뵽ԼһֱԵĶǸʵȺĸ֣һֱûϹó쵹ǿЧˡ
ԴھϮ֮ؿСӾԮҰ޵ʱԵĺԼһģһķսǸȻˮľûҵôοһģһķ˵ķԼҲǿԵġýĺôǣʹýռԼ˵ĲʹãӶԼսвġ
˵ֻһӰ֮Ľ汾ĻҲֵˮľʲô˼ȥоˡؼе޵ĲԡʵֵԭԴڶԹˮµˮģ⡣Ҫ˵ôˮȻôָΪѪ֮ˮľʱûʲôͷ˵һӰ֮ӰǲӰľֲΪȻٻظΪһ֣ǿ
ˮľоǣȫԡˮľȻʱĿӰǧ䵽ǳʲôĿĴӰ֮ͨʲôԭȻܹ𵽴ݼ;ЧǲˮľоܲĹܡԭʱܹãҲǲˡ
ͺñˮľܹӰ֮еĲĶѣԶƽ䡣ӰԣϷӡ¡壬ɽկķ
ˮľӰı⣬ֵԶԶûеھɾʱҲĿôֱۣûлתô棬Ҳûз֮ô󣬵ֵĶһҲ١
ͺñĲԵ⣬ʵѣͿʵֵѶˡӰΪʲôܵͻʧۺģķûκںڵ֧ţʹڼΪȶ״̬ټϲȻɢʵӰ֮²ɢʱҲֲ˶á
ԭϽʧһ޷رܣǿõ˹ͺñȳɰ֮ЫҲǶôĿܱƻһˡ
ˮľ뵽İ취ǣһϡٵ΢Ӱһǡ΢սǱƻҲǱɢݣڽ绷취ʵڵ̫ˡڲĺĲ΢СܶҲĲ̫󣬾ǽ籾ĲĻȽϴˡ˺ս˵Ҳ޷ӱܵ⡣ԣάֵֽ˺ս˵ҪԾ͹˳ˮľͨ΢ӰƿķʽṩĲǡ
ˮľרעսȴе󲿷ֲĵսʽҲǱȽϷĿǰˡ
ǱǸŶߵ𣿡ˮľŻͽ磬ֲ΢ս֣עǸˣǸ˽ӽˣҪԥдۣȻ˶ܡ
˵ͻ˷ߵĻҲˣο洢ôõĲάֽ絽Ԯ٣Ҳˡ
Ըˮľ˵ȻԮûó޷ֵĻϽ̫ͨעƲ浽Σʱв̫Ļ
ôӵˮľս˻ûбԹ˼ֻǽŵһڿˮȻʵ
ҽԺˣңƶҪˡľ֮һ֣ûжԵȵսȫĽˡģȻǶ԰˽ˮľˣôܹʲôʱܣû˭Լպʱġ

ҲŴŶˣôˣȻû¶֣ҲҲоеԲˡ
СҲô죬˵ֶκ̫Ĭˡ־ҲΪѵʵǲܺؼ汸ûʲôð취ԸֻӲӲľҲʱæǲʤĿռҲ˿Ĵ֮ģиޣȻûֱӹ޼ղԣʵǲҺӡ
Ҫô𣿡˶Դǡ
ղҲȻģʽʹٶȣָٶȶ˼ߣǣΪľҶУɷƻ̫ҲûжԵùڿһģʽҲ򲻿ˡ
ɷ̫ˣÿƣٳǴΧʵ̫ˡֲ򲻵ѣʹáҲҡҡͷʵѡĲࡣ
ðɣǾ㡣
ţʼɡҲԥ»е㲻ʱˣҲòˡ
ɷݣȪӡ
ҲɷóǲܺµأȻΪһŢ䷶ΧҲǳ󣬱˿ٵĶܣԲұŵܺûôˣӴֱӾ棬סжܺҲЧ赲Ĺˣٷɵ˫ϵĿͽ͵ĻӽֵŵܺϡԭȽĳȺɫ壬һƬƬĽۿͲάֻ״սˡ


140 ֮
ӣܺĵֿҲͷˣô죿ǲԵ·磬ʵ
Լ߼˺ҲʵϵĲ໹еģһǿѹʵԿҲŵ£ܹκεˡ̡֮һҲֵȼĸֲǹ¡
ܲٵֵһ᣿ǲŸʵ״ƺ
ֵһᵱȻû⣬ǻбҪҲΪ֯Ϊļ֪䡰ǲߵĸ˵ǰԼǲնΪҲ൱ȻƢԸ̣Ǹȴͽթʲմߣһ˿Ͻѵõļˡץβ֮ǰӦǫ̀֯
βûе֣ǲܰ;ϣлᣬټһᡣ
ֳļˣΪǰǲݶһ£һǿ϶ġϣϿɴͷĿλȨȻˣˡȻ޲̫ԡǲߡʵΪʲôҪôС΢ԸⱩ¶Լġʵ뵽֯ӴĿ꣬ҲûжЩʽ
ǰæĸ޲û̫籬ˮ岨ָı价ˮݶԸ޴ĸͨޣһˮĻǶԼǶԶԷ治˵
ԸҲҪֶΣʵǲʹ޼ʱս˵ʵ޷ѹֵʱնֵĲΪáսУ൱Чһֶˡ
ǰ޼ǲܺڻǿס˸ҲϹƺһڣȻеɻĶǲʵΪʲôҪøȥԸҲս񲢲Ӧ״ѡɣ
Ը޵սʽô峡ôرһڵʱ򣬼ΪЧԳַӳԼ޴ơǣģʽµҲƴǡˮݷ̨ĸޣҲеġóľ޼ˣǲҪǰ͸ҲǲܺڻҲ൱Σյһ顣
ô죿¶ҵľݣҪ֪Уǲߡ
ܹľݵľǲߣԼľݲȫ޷ܵ顣ǣеأǺ˽顣ǲðǲ֮ĹϵȻҶ֪˹ϵǳ϶вɸ˵ܣǣ˶ľݵĻ͸¶鱨ʵ̫ˡ¶̫ţ̫ڴǲߵӰ조֯
ںڰ̫ˣϰ˸ıƵƣȴֶβóǲ˵ԣ죬ȷʵҪĺõöࡣ
㲻Ҳ𣿰ջµ˵Ļ˵ҲֻǶ桢Ŀˡǲѵõ͸¶һЩĻһ쿪ʼǰҾѾˡȻѾңôҲضˡ
ˣ⳶̫Զˣ벻ҪǹߣߵġǲƫִҲ֪ģڻ̸̸ʲôʱ˰ɡ
ôˣЩžʲô⣿
̫ԵʣҪķһץβޣ̫ˣʵǿҲûе޷ĳ̶ȡ
˵ˣβһֻҪץβޣǲ˼κ˵ġһ֮ңʱҲ޹ؽҪˡڻʱֻǳľҶĻԣʵˮ֮ǱߵҪý
Ѿǲסʸ֣ĻȷʵûжٷĻˡ
ǲ˾Ļƺĵһ䣺˵κˣǲҲң
ȻԼȹոֲϸǶβӦʱڵľǲҲûƭ˼Ǻԥľͳˡ
Ȼ֪˵ʵء
ϻˣʱ̸̸룿
ðɣת⡣˿ǲ͸޻֧ŵս֣Ȼ˵ǱϢˡ˴鷳Ҫɫĵ֣ûϷˡ
รǲеʵǱӦѾûʲô˰ɣ԰ɵʵȻ鷳ǲˣ
ôĵӺúɡҡҡͷ˵͸߹㣬ҪЩСһĹƻ̫鷳ˣһʾǰˡƻʧܲ˵ƽ޹ǲ͸޵ĶС
˻ΪΪԸԵʣǡ֯ѵõĺ֣թ̵ĽǶԸŹԴȵķɶΣԼȫ֪ʲôĳɰ֮ЫҪɿöࡣ˿õĺ֣ҪΪжһ֯ʧʹˡ
ǲȻѾ˺ڰԸҲǺѱĥġż˼͸ֵԸʱҲĴʮֵΡ
ҿ㵱ʱôԣǺԼľҶ֮䣬ĬôֻҪԽ˰ɣ
Ĭ׾ȻǸޱûֻһԸɡ
漰෽ĬУʵԴΪǵԽ鱨
ľҶ߲㿴ġ֯鱨жϳ֯ʵǿǾԲ뵽ǿĳ̶ȣȻҲ࿴ʮֿЦľٶˡ̫߹ԼҲ̫͹˵ʵˡ֯޷ľҶ̵ܹķΧҪͻľҶһĵ֮ǰڶԷӦʱ򣬿ٶȡβ
֮ǲʵ˫Ĺûáüˡ֯жʵҲûдݶЧ鱨ľҶеһѾ˭ڻС̽˵ʵ͵ߡͺñһϮľҶǲȻǲûеǾ˵лء
ôߵһô;Ҳá
ܹȷϻ׽ĻҪԥְɡǲľϡҲû˼ΪץסβĻԷһ
Ҫȥ𣿡ܷܹȥæˡ
˵ȻҪǰóľ֮͹޳ˡ
ʱɣҲûбҪľҶˡܾβץץõȵҲϹȥһж䶨ˡ

дӻˮľ˵ֵͶ˵˺սս׾սǲ
ˮľʦСģ
ţ˺þõˮľѹ׾ԽСǸоһڱ˺þõĶɲʲô·׽ɫôҲյĻ֮һʱͻȻǲʾˮľɵһʶƫ壬Ȼͼһľʳշ˹ȥ
͵ϮǤ֮ǾհѵɳŲסô˵սҪˣ
ľֶʲôʱ¶һ£˵ľҶصľ񼣵Ļǽ׾ͷ¶ľݾͽ񼣴䳾ľֳеݵ˽ӶóܹĶ̫ˡ
ȻѾ¹ǿʼľˣôʱ̵ľսͲԶˡ
ľ֮еĴս
ɺǻľ֮ģǣԭаóǸľ֮ǧģȻ˲٣ǿʹԵҪתĿӰʹݡֵܹ֮ɼĿֲǸʱľ֮ɰ׾ŴͣȻóǿľ֮ʵ˵Ϊһ׾ķսǿķûоħ񲶻֮ǿķɵܲóּȫܺǿˮľʵҲ̫ܹȷˮľʲôӻ汾ǧԭľ֮Ҳôͷųľ֮Զ
ˣҲѵõˣľݵԾעˣֻҪõóĻûʲôûõôҲˮݺԲʱ仯ŵõѪ޽硣
ˣˡˮľʼ˷Ըĵôˣ֧ŵסɣ
У׼սˡ˵˻ո첲ʾԼû⡣ˮľʦʲôôô󣿡
ţ㲻֪Ȼ֪ҲԽ̵֮ǰ˵Ļܲû뵽Ļز
󱿵ѧУѧô˵ΪҲʮֶΪѣʵ̫ˡ
ˡֹ˻Ҫ˵ˣڲ˵̵ʱ򣬸Ͻٻ̫
ãˮľʦҵġ˵ҧָʩչͨȻһβ͵Сڵϡ
˵һȻطʩչͨѹҽԺˮľĿɿڴĿŻ󡡣
ϣϣҼֱǸ󱿵


141 ֲҪ
һεɵЦˣˮľҲǸеֵΡǳֹ֮״ߣˮľӦġΪֻǶѡΪΪǳʶ֮Ȼ飬ܻһЩĪ״
ˮľƽʱ򽻵Ҳû̶ȵġʶľͺʹͨʱܳ״˵ĲӲԿƣҲ̫ܶ࣬ͨԭֶܶ
ЩѾҪˣˮľŲԶڽӡʩİɡľ֮͵ٶȲһɣˮľ߾ûʲôɵֵķˡʹ԰ڵʵòǿľ֮ߺľ֮ϵľ޴죬ֱܿӾͱѹˡ
ȻΣˮľҲûκԹ˼Ƹһʮ̣ˮľûвεز˵׻Լǲܣ֮£ûԤƵܵı仯ˡһСӣ飬ˮľСӽˣ֮Ҳһ
ŬļһЦݣˮľ˵ļ˵ɣȻעⲻҪս̫ҲҪ̫ԶˣҪΪǵóȻж
Σ̫ڲ̫ͨʱ˻ûʸ̶ֳȵ̫ԶУǲڣռıʹӣһע⣬ô˸ץסɾˡ
Ǹô죿ԾԾԵʵҪ˵ո˭ûʲôЧĻֻˣ˲֮ǰˮľʾһɤӣսмûʲôڸС
ǣô죿¡ʲôʱˣܸܰɡ
Ҫ˵ĻûʲôԼġԼһ൱мֵĳƷͰƷоɹع֮ǰ϶ûʲôԼСආԼڵĿӣԼ˱ȽϺãԭ˺ǲͲʱôΣյ״£æһҲǿġ
ܣˮľʦҲŸո׼أȻᣬϽгϴ󡭡
˵ˣˣ߰ɡǲֹ˵ĻⲻǸս
ˮľһڽӡʩչİɣŲıһȦȦľͷʼתƣۿҪγһ޴ľͷˡ
Ȼûдͣ׾ʵ½һأʮ˵ܲٲôףľ֮ҲԶԶûôǿ󵽲ɵ
Ŀǰʩչľ֮˵ѹȸУһսǿĴͨ޲࣬ƺβ޵սеࡣʵȻҲǳǿ󣬵ǻûе˾ĵز
뿪ٴֻ۵ûг˵ˣɡ˵꣬ˮľһȣҲķ򼲳۶ȥǲˡɽկǵϢؿˣȻûʲôˣ״ҲáؿãȻ֮𲨼ˮľʱûʲô󰭣Ͳˣ࣬Ҳʼ˸һˮݣսҪˡҪָֻؿŶݼסؿողù׼һɵޣû뵽ǲһոţսͻ䣬׼õĴлûȥŲóˡ
ȻûãŶݼ׿ɲûд򵽵жϸ˺ֻҪˣһʱ϶ԺתġԣʱҲף̫ͨʱ򲻻ӡ
ˮľĴܺãûʵʩĻᣬһû߶Զһľͷӵ°εضת֮͵ס˵ȥ·Ϯľݣ׾ٵľͽ˵Ķγ䣬ʵڵˮľֹô£ֻǶҪ˷һ㹦ˡ˾ûôˣԺͷӦԲһľͷѲá
˱סˣˮľϽȥȡ
ףͷѸٽӡȻǧǲӰһζ˲ס˵ľݡ
˻ָжɣˮľҲͷˣôĹѾɥʧõʱˡ
ӲʵսǻսֵҲ൱ǿΪһɵʵʵ̫ǿˣ˰׾ı塣
ˣҿ£ûʲôֶǺܹͻưΧˣˮľҲõùһĳȫûﵽ˵˺ȡ
ˮľʦɣ֮Ϻ󡣡˵Ĵ񾭣ҲǷǳΣյʱ̡
ˮľҡҡͷ˵飬ľǰ˺սֱǺж˷Ѳˮľȫ벻κôûˮ׼֮ϵʵƶľ˵塣
ô죿˽ŵʵϴҲ֪ܲܽеó
ˣˣҰɡˮľĿǰ˵ӱȿҪͣµľֲȷԵĶͻȻ仯볬չǷǳġ²ôЧƿ֮ڣɵĺԴƲ˾Ųʮ
Ȼ׿˵ͨսԼƿؽ࣬ôˮľͲԥˣսҲӲˡ
˺һ㡣ˮľѸٵóһͨᣬ̯ڵϣȻҧ˫ֵָͨɣ̫
Ųһֱܳڳ˵Сֳܵغɫֻŵضӽ¥ˣ֫׳һĽצذһͻ΢΢¶ȮҲԵñ뺷
͡һЦҲ̲סˣŶӿʼЦˮľʦոս̫
һҲתͷȥˮľǿԿļڲ
ôˣ⣿һֻܽв̫Ǻܺô
ǣôһֻްɣ̫һǼ֡
˭涨ģʲôϽʵ̫鷳ˣˮĸûʲộִͨޣûʲôҪˣִͷļһиֳƺȽϺãȻ֪ʲôʱˣֻһֻͨҰİˡ
ҪС⣬ֿܾͲǲ̫ˡ
Ͼܵıץˮľʼָžܿٵǰͻ౾Գǿˮľ֮һȦ˵ǴΪ˷䳤ˮľҲصƷӵ¡
ڱȴ󶼴üȦľǰȥ·ľͷצһ˺ɱһѪ·
ˮľʦͨޡţ̫ҵģʶҰ޵β޻ʶ˵ͨиոҲͨܺģֲܺԿĸ㣬ܹͨʵķǲ൱ȡ
̫ɭ׽รˮľشǲ⣬ԭûôҲڣܵǿֲιȽ鷳һҶŵҰԼȥʳ
ԭֻӦûǲһ飬Ϯ׵ʱɱԼһӢ۾ջ׵һ飬һжòͬˡ
ҰⲶ׽Ҳ𣿡
ȻˣôҰɺϸͨ޺ս飬ɲһ׵顣ȮڣȮŮ־˵ĳӡļ϶У˵˵Ҳνҿ·ͨ棬ĲԶԶȲˡ
ˮľ˼˵ĺˣҪʵǵ취
֪ˡĵĵͷ
ǰ棬ͻ
Ȼǿ󣬵ٶȴͦһ㣬ľݵĸ£Ǻȫ밢ɵĹΧľ֮Ӵ󣬵жȴѸݣصȰǤ֮ľͷ̶öܡΪֹɶûвľ֮ʩչԶûдͣɵʵ½ú
ãʺʱ䡣
ˮľžܲʱͻŰɵ׷Ҫܿ˶ĵطƫƧĵطǰ̫ࡣ
ǲİæˮľҲǴĽԼͲġÿľݲһ𣬻̫ܣԾܵͻƵʱǲǧõͻֶΡ
ǧѾùˣһùǧĻصܱϣˮľɵ⡣
ղѾǵˡ
ôҲӽˡȲҪǧˡ
С磬ͽǰɡǲˮľ׼֧ŵʱһͻȻ˹һֻ޴ͻȻ֣ԾǿˮľǰһľݵˮľǰȻʣȻˮľǰ
ǰԮˮľǷˣ¹һ㶼жȻһôͿ϶ڸԶˡڴˣʱöˡ
Ȼβɽкһֱӳˮľߣˮľļ򣺡ŵԮźŵɣû뵽Ȼľݣ˲õĶ
ҸȤǣȻܹľ»С̺۵¹ôɽкһ
Ժϸ˵пһȥһģ컹һľݵɡ


142 Ӷ
¹˵ʵǿľҶܹɵսСӵģڻһսдͷΪӰһϵҪ֧ߣǲСĸ֡
ˣˮľҲȷǷܹһ˰ɡϾľݵԾ;ˣʹǲ¶˶ȺŹģ¶Ĭ¹Ҳһ
ó˳Ѹٵͳһľģǰͺľ֮ʼȻǴԵ·磬ܹԿʱˡ
СĶԷӳḷ̌ҪڣȻ鷳
˾޴˵Ŀͷһ޴ƣͬʱҲŲС鷳;޴ζܵĻҲʹˡһЩЧĹʽԳвͷǳĴ󡣶氢ʹõľݡǤ֮һ͡Ǥ֮ƻڲ˵󣬻ܽжڲʼһƻ˵塣˲̵ĹʽʹܵܵΪֲ˺Ҳܼʹࡣ
֪ˣȥæˣ㿴̡
¹˶ϰɣʵƵġӵϵѹƣȴȴƿɳ£ҲֻһǤ֮ǴɱͨľݣԸһ߻ԣʱĳ䵱ֶֻɧŵûʲôˡɽкһľ˼ΪɵоһоͼΪ鷳ˡ¹õӰ˷ʤڰʹ˴ľ֮󣬵ɢҵľͷ׮ӣһصǽ˴ƬĿ¹õӰ
ڣɱϾǱ壬ĿҪǿңȻ׾ڸղűˮľĽɱòˡǺôҲ˼ټϴӸһЩǿҲеˣʹսôܹԼ˲ʱһ֡
˫ȱһɱеʱͶľҶһ൱ˣϾľҶУʱͻϮҲˣʱһȻ߶ˡ
ҿΣˣˮľǲոεǧûоڸ첲첻ܶˡ
õģˮľʦʶˮľʹҽûлˮľˮƽˮľĻ첲˳
ףô˵ôأֵҪеҪصĶܹ࣬ļӦþǧˣǧĿûи˵
˵ģʱҲǲѡ
ѣôεĻɲÿζҽڸ㼰ʱƵġҪúϰһĲˡ
ԿƵĳ̶ȿߵģ̬仯ûйһȵĿ׵ڻе֮ǰ˺ľԼľ̵ǲôԲ̼ϸĻԣʺͶԲӦˣȻܰǧƲʱľ޴˺˷ķݡ｣֮ǰ˺ԼҪмƼϾβĻֱָͲзˡ⣬ǧ޴Ҳһ⣬ò˼ΣǲĲĵĲˣôӡҪ˷ˡ
ƣʦҲҪʱ
˵Ļˮľһ߸ֱۣһ˵أҲ֪δûɣҪڿʵĻеѡһʦһ׺ʺ㡣ʱҲʵĻԺǿ֮·Ļʯء
ˮľƳһһ͵װĿű𴦵ˣȻ֣Ҳɣҿơղ˱ľݰţľҲʵʵĳϣǿƣȻûʲô󰭣Ҳôܡ
Ĳһ桭ͣһµˮľ˵ѧôһϸҲǼΪҪһ¡ֲܶҪศɲܳΪһɹߡǰһĲһ㣬Ҫúѧϰ
˰ɣҪѧѧҡˮľĻȲҫ
ˣûп佱㡭ֻأһԶԵı£ˮľҲǷǳ
󱿵ŵƲƲ죬ʱĹǺ
û˵Ĵ󺰴Уתͷˮľʵˮľʦո˵ڵҿʵǳѣ仰˵ǲǲܣô
ӲҪô˵ĻʵҲûˮľĿǲһֻۡжµŻע⵽ˮľո˵Ļ⡣߹ɣǲԳġб㻹СȴʦҪǿˡҵЩǿķ˵ȷ㸶ȡĴۣ
Ե޹ʵֻڻУʵɲֺ¡
ۣˮľ˵ĺ棬ˣҲҪúһ롣
ʵˮľո˵ЩЩ׼ȷҪСȴľҪǿˣˮľһ£ʵûҵһˡȻˣѾ˵Ĺ˿Сǧ䡣ǲߣ޺ͰޣЩڲʮʱıڵĿҪǿֽ̽磬Ǻҳһ˵ġ
ŲԶ¹˵ļл֮£Ѿ¶Ƶİɣˮľ֪һ̿ԿʼĴɧңҪӽβˡͬڴɰ̵ϮһֻǼӢߵͻϮжȻƺƴʵɵƻԶԶûмǰô
ˮľʦ֪ܹķôڹ۲ƵˮľͻȻǲ̲סʵ
ĻˮľĬĬ̾һ
ԼĻ𲻵ʲôˡ
ԭҪǱĬȰȰû뵽ûʲôЧ˵ƺ˷ãˮľһȷԼǳϲ˵ǳ߼˵ˣЦǣǡǡˣʮ׿Ͳдۣд˵дǱĿɱҲûеġ
ҪǿڿϣˮľŲǲôϻԼϵ鷳͹ˣйһСӱ顣ôУʹǳ⣬ҲˣǸʱˮľûвٿɫµʵ̽ˮľҲûϵˡ
Ϊǲжǿû⣬ˮľָŲԶİɷʵΪǸľͷܹɱǲ𣿡
Ӧÿ˰ɡĽĿŲľ֮İɡ
ԣԸ߼ߵһ֪㲻뷨ҿûϷˣ
ⶼûϷȵˮľƺе㲻̫ˮľĻǸôǿ
˵ô໰ʵѾ御ˣֶ޵ģ͸¶ԭ֪ĶѾԵ𿨿Լİˡ
ˮľе̫ᷳ˵ʱһؿͿˡ
԰ꡭһ£עȻ˵ȳ˵ȫĵطɣȻ뿪ȻҾ
ˣؿǵʵ
Ѿûˣ˵ֲһˡ
ðɡ˿״̬õˮľͽµľܣԼԶʼռϷ¹飬Сġ

뿪ؿԼ˵ıӰͳӡ֮ľᣬݻˮľ
ղ鷳ˡ
ôҲˮľЦ˵ԽԽˣҲûܰʲôæ
ⲻ⣬ô˵أ̾һʵǲ֪ôڵ鷳
ǲͲд۵Ĵ˵ɣ
ȻͷԼۿһֻ
˵ɱܵѣ˲ܿͲдۣôģѪ޽
ҲֻǴ˵ɡ
ˮľҡҡͷ˵еĴ˵ǿѨ磬
ѵģˡ˵ˣڰֻ֪ҪɱõѼѵˣܹͲдۣñĻ׻ô
ҪѧİܲǶøжˣرĴڡԭУսһսҲûɱˣô㣬ΪʦǴĲϸ񣿡
˵Ҳǣʧˡͷʵ鷳ʱҲֻˣһһɡ

ҹǿֲǿ߽ĳ棬ͷ·һ֯ͷβϮûдκĿ꣬ľҶ߾͸ѿˣıϮӣһθһӰûץɱ˲һǿİ׾֮⣬ûκγɹǲæҪץס²ʵ̫ˡ
ľҶһξһСһɡ֯ΧԱṩʱڣںǲŰ⡣
ǵЭ黹ЧģһжΪץסβ
˵ǲߣҲǰɡƽ˵ץβҵ񡣡
ͲѡҲڵĻᣬߵȾβʱжֱӿʼǲɺǵ˵Ĳһ


143 
ǲָ൱ˡµǲ롰֯ƣû֯˵ģץβжӰ쵱ĿͷЭ顣ֻҪľҶǿ˵ͨ
Ҵ൱꣬ǳûشľҶʱ״ڼرıҲڲľҶ壬һ㣬ʹ԰׾ĳǿҲһܹȫҲ١
ڱԼ̬ȣǲ֯Լûȫ湥ľҶôҪǲΪ֯ľ
ѡǲҲ֪ûҪԼش˼ԼҲмϸ֦ĩڵĶֶһʧؽͷǳѣο֮仹̸жΡ´ҲϣҲҵ¡
˵Ļǲȴ̬˳˷䣬ֱȥ
ŵĸ޿ǲˣǰʵ̸ô
ͨǲԼݸղŵ̸
û̸ôǾ˵¹ȥˣ
šǲͷ̸Ĺ޹ؽҪҪǽ
Ǿ˵ǻһ֯ͬ飿޶⣬Ҳ´Σҵ޼ɾͲô˵ˡ
ոҲѡ˸ǲľôǿһ̸Ļ顣

̸ˣǲ뿪˽ȥŴ֪ʲô
ĻǲתͷղŲô
ĽҲãǿϧ˵ϴûҵϴĵطұˣûκιڵϴϢľҶһЩرɭϵĵطԾҲܲ׻ȥ
ϴõģѾźˡ
İźˣҿɲǱˣ˵Щƭҡ
ðɣȷʵûаźãѾеüĿˣ֮ǱߵڷӰƶһЩ顣ֻҪй˼ɣȫݻľҶĻʵûľҶȡʵҪ취
ζȡβжͱ¶˺ܶ⡣ľҶǰܵ޴˺ӰսˡһͷĿȱʱ֯ĸʽԱûܰľҶôܹȷֻۣӢȷʵ̴ܹĶ֣֯ȫ嶯Աһ񣬶ԡɢ֯˵ǲܵ顣
㿴ŰɣУһҪڷӡβ֮ǰҵʵѡڼƻչ൱˳ԭԤе̫Զ¶˲֯鱨ЩҲˣǵĿβҪϢй¶ȥˡ
Ŀǰ״е㲻׼ôʱ䣬ȴûκγɹ
ǲûжԾıԹ̬һ⣺˵ǰֻʹ鱨ڵô
תƵֻ֮ϣʱ˾񣺡ȦĿ꣬ʱûʲôмֵ鱨
ʲôܹ㶼޲ߣ峤
֮һɡͷȷϴʣ۵̫ǿˣʵ޷ôֻ۵ľ֮¿̫ȥϢļ˵鱨͵ˣһɰ̵һͨỤ̊һūͣһľҶĻỤ̊飬ҪҵĿ꣬෴һľҶ̵жܿɡ
̣üͷһʣʲô֣
ˮľʶ𣿡
˵еӡһеʵͨߣǰľҶѧУνȷɣ
Ҫҵ鱨ĺܲʮֿ϶Լƶϣ⼸ĵ飬صܻ治١
ܣѵ˱峤Ҫɣ
ûо鱨޷жϣǰйһμΪصĽӴ廹һЩΡ
˵˵ˡ
֮ǰ˵ģǳͨƽӹʲˡƺľҶĴ̫ãƽ¡Щ޹ؽҪҪǣǰʱ䣬ˮľͻȻ¶˷ͬһķӡĲܣľҶʱھͻһµĿ϶ҽҲǳ㣬ƼΪɫȻȻȽͨҲǺܳɫҪ֪ȱһ˵ֲġˮľѾ߱˳Ϊǿߵһʡ
仯ԭʲôҲһ˶ʱ˾ԭʮָȤǲϱȽ϶䵼¿дۣȻ˺ܴ仯ͱԼ˵ǲ
ݵˮľΪĳЩԭܵĴȻһˣžͱЩĲܡ
ӡƺĳЩ顣
Ҳˣм壬һ棬ӡ츳൱ټѪ޽綼ҪϡҪȻҲᱻˡ
ܹһַӡܶʵ߶һģ൱ϡ١
м弸۵ķӡϣϴһաֻдﵽһ̶ȵˣֱָ֪̽籾ʵĶõĺõĻǶôĿ¡
ֻ۵ϢҪҺãЫһ˽ģڻʱ򣬲ûᵽЩ飬ǲ֪ǹôУʱҪ֪
˵ɡҲͲ˵ˡͨӡߣһǲ͸֪ΪļһҪ˻治ס
ˣرԹˣһһȻȥһ¡һεĳ֣Ȼ˵ض̫࣬Ϊ˽ĺ潻һ±ȽϺá
УҪץʱ䣬ȥһˮ֮ԽԽƿؾѾԽԽˣҪȰβ޸㵽˵
ȥ

ľҶУˮľѵõܹһ飬ȻһЩǱڵвûнûʲôü޵⣬Ҫȥˡ
Ϯˣ¼֮ҲͲˮľʲôˡˮľҲֻʷˣȻ˳ְһѣûκ˸ԼȻҲԼˡʵԼڵ״Ӧû˺ָĽ׶Σ˶Լ˽־Ųأʲô˻עԼģ˵˳ץһ׾֮ĶˮľҲûʲô⡣
ɵʱˮľϲúõĿ飬һоϵȵȡʺԼķɷʽˡڶɽկ͵ʱ仹̣սоû죬ʱûʲôܴͻƣЩѾһ˽ˣˮľڿĲǰС͹ĵһϡ
ӡֹ˽ģȻô࣡
ЩдɵĳĽۣˮľΪеͬ飬һʲô֪СӣȻôڴ⡣
ǰСᵽķʵУǲӡȡĲֳһݡһʮͨĲƫ׵ԣԾԼĲռݺܴһֵģȻʮֲÿƣʵоͿԷ֣ƻʮֵľˡĹЧʹ÷ʱû̫ķ֡
ֵĶȻʱûкɽկĽǿЩϾʹ¿ƶϳˡ
һʮֻԾҶĲмǿʴãȻСȴƺзǳǿĹƺĳδ֪ķʽһЩ
һδ֪ҪȶһЩǰһһҲһЩⲿϵ͸¶ĮϢʵ̫ˣȫһԹһֻǿĴӡУǺȻϵ׾ںһ
һԾ̫鷳ˣôʱˮľܶκβ͸ı䣬ôĴţ˷ӡƣܿɢһգȫûκϢ
ڵ²Ļδ֪һ֣ǴΪʩչʬתµֶΡôڶ־ӡԴͷᣬ˵ض˵ĺֵĻ־Ͳ׼ȷĽ綨ˣΪת֮еģ˴ͲľµģͲƲˡ
Ȼ絽壬ԲעͻС
ڷֵĶǰˮľһʿܾܹ͵ͨˡΪʲôҩʦôϸֲԼܹ֮ģʽʧأӽϿǲϵġʹϻ˵ܱ̽ȵϴģָˮľеķܴܿǲܣǲ룬˵Ͳм
Ҳûˮľ鱨ƣ޷׼ȷжϣǣˮľܹڶʱڷı׶ˣûôоֲᷢ⡣
ӡǸöҶ濪ţ˵Ҳһ¡
ȻһЩʱûʲôõĳɹҲʤˣȻʵоչˮľеεĶֻнִʵȻ׸ܿʼϰģʽ

ڶһ磬ˮľܶûпŵĻ꣬ӽ쿪ʼ⼸£һ¾κ˰Ĵ棬ʱӦøһˣʱˮľҲңԼУһõĻѾ൱ˣο鱮һߵ֣ˮľҲоԼҪ̫ˡ
һլСҵҵĻټһδޣҪǰˮľ˵ˡ
ҪûôµĻ飬ڼӸСŮԲˡ


144 ʼ֮
ʱԣټ̫磬Ҳûʲô˹ˣˮľͲĿڹ̨ϴ˯
˯ʱˮľԺоʲô˽ˣһᣬƺ˽Լ
˯ˮľõһһԼкȮڣʹڸϡŮ־ˡ
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ȥʦ򻨡˵
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ˮľʦ㿪ôаѿϵ˼ȮڣǸֱӣ뵽ʲô˵ʲô̫ˣҰòƻûпš
磿ˮľ⣬ã߳㣬Ѿˣпڲŵĵ漴ˮľӦɽкһͰսʱ˵ˣҪôҽԺҪôڼ£ʲôȻˡ
ѡЩҸǰ
鷳ˣˮľʦǶŪˡŮ־ѵõʾһ´ڸУȻ˵ˣǮѾˡ
ţˮľ۾ŷǰļǮҡ
Ū˻Ҹ
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Щ̵ҲǱȻģϦպԣӦûΣաԺô˵ٻָڻܳ
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ˮľҲҰѻ˵̫ȸֻ˵иõƷûмʶˮľҲ޷жϸֵҽˮƽʲôΡ
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Ů־ˡȮڣˣм崫УɫԵ̣Ľ̵Ȼмǿ𣬲Ϊ˵Ĵʦ̵ĲʵϣҪĲǴ̽޴ǽôһϸߣһҪԶԶǰһ̵ܵĳĹע
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һʱϤˮľǿҲܹӦæµ״ǰһϲͨ˿ʵæҪöˣҪӦҪ൱һʱ䡣
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ûеȵСǲݷá
ǲɫӵԼˮľҲף£֪˵ʲô
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ΪʲôңƺЩЩˮľûмʱࡣ
ʲôָǲʲôҪΪأ
ʧˣǸƺҲʶԼ̬ʮֲѺã԰ԼʵĿʵڲӦһ̶ʦ˵Ļ
ûйϵˮľڰ֣ʾ⣬˵Ļ㻹ǵö٣
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ԣʸûôЩ˵ǲҵļ֣һЦ
ˣҲʹ㣬˵ĻǵôĸʵǸ鷳һԱܶã־ŲأǲǲҲƭΪҲһΪһʦǲѧ˵ѵġδĸ޷׼ȷжͱ˵ʵԱȡǲͲ֮Ĳࡣ
Ǹô죿ôõŬҺǸ˵Ĳ಻ûСԽԽ󡣡
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ˮľһ˵ƿԣ˵츳ǳ˵ģŬϣҲòǹɲŬġ
ȥúɣȥʦĴʦ
ʵǱǸˡ

ת뿪ıӰˮľҲɵΪкеϧĿǰһ仰Ϳ˵ʱû̫ǲᶮ̫ĵġڻԽ֯ɵУڼϲҵڻûбѹƵñѾѵˡһУˮľҲʵΪֻںʵʱһѣģҲֻรˡ״ԭѾܴˡδ׻ʲôѡ񣬾Ҫˡ
ǻ˶ˡĲ֮ʵ̫ˣҲҪ򻨵ġ
ˮľĻľɽҶˮľǰ
£ˡΪ£θˮľ鷳Ҳò̫˼ԭЩԼĹ
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ɽҶڨЦС˵©죬֪ǲ飬ȻͿҴææˣе㵣ľ͸ˡ
˰죬ԭĴˮľӡԭҲ˴˵©졣ѹй
ףˮľпˣʱСˡ
ҶҲˣҪҪһԵ㣿Сķ˶ܶ࣬ܶʱ򶼳Բꡣ
ˣȻû£Ǿˡ

С˳Թ緹ʰ֮СΧûʲôˣȻһݸˮľ˵ȥ̸һ̸
ʲôôأˮľӹᣬȻСĵĴһβ޲ôзˣ
ʱƣϵˮľɫԽԽࡣ
ĿӰתӰǺ޹İԭ飬ܶǰڳԡȻһȺ˰
βڵǧʱ޴һ棬˾ȵ䲻ԡʹǱɱ֮󣬾һʱߣҲٶȵĿβ޵ʱûɲġΪ̽ľҶﵽ۷ڼʱ򣬾ǧǲѹ̽ʱ̡ΪĿӰ֪Ҫȱ˽Ҫö࣬ңһֳɵӰǰ޺Ͱ޵תȻβ޲ܴ󣬵ǸƵԣһЩرĶҲǲܡˮľҲòǧţܹ辶ŪһЩƷȴΪı̽񼼡
ͺñӰ־գתģĽޣ֮ƿռʵͿԺ׵Ŀһ硪


145 ʾʾ
ݵĿ־ͶԳĿ˭Ҳ޷ƵΪԴʵȨһȱĶĿӰǧ䣬ҪĻ治֪ܹоʲôµĶͿ˻תȻָʲôʬתֳ̽˶ĶͿƲ⣬վڶĿӰ˵ļϣܹоʲôͿɼһˡ
Щע⵽֮ǰǲⷽģһβ޲Ҳⷽоʱ򣬾ͻ֣ᷢһЩƽʱעĶߡ
ܶĶȷʵʺֽϣбҪһ¼ˡ
ϸĿϺˮľֱӽٻ٣úۼˮľС˵԰ž棬עⲻҪ֣ڿһЩڼӡ
ܵ߹עĸоͼûмϹˮľҲֲǲȫ־Ųغֱʣ˵ˡ˵һľ
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۵ĶԽԽ࣬ˮľҪĵҲԽԽˣʱƣʵߣԼоĽչʹˮľĿ˱仯ͱתû൱̶ȵʵ飬ǲоóġľҶĹʣڱҲþȫûУ־ŲصĴڣǡľҶĵʹ
ʱˮľҲ־ŲеϧŹһȵȴ˷ı֮УĥʱĴġͷ̰Դв԰Ρ
͹۵Ŀ⣬Ӱˮľ־Ųص̬ȡˮľԲΪ飬뻢ıƤ飬ˮľûʱȥˮľ̫ϲǲΪ˴ķʽż˵Ҳһѡ
ñڣʵˮľҲ̫ϰ߸곤̫˴򽻵һ¹ƽˮľҪʮ꣬˵ͬˣʵ൱ǿ⼸źȼˮľҲое㲻ڣڳԼһ̣΢ᡣãͬľؿڵĻˮľԵرࡣ뷨˴ƵˮľҲý
ڲ˰ֵ˵˵ʲôͬĻʵҲĵúܡǴ򽻵ҲУٻ죬˵ʲôʱóˡ
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ǱƺһЩ൱ǿӲҪҲǳ֣ƺȱӦԵ׼¹ý͵ǵ֪һ鲻̫֡
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ˣˮľͻȻһĬĬŴ˵ˮľ˵ûʲô°ɣǸоôãԵ
аɡֻúûˮľҲеΣȻʱʺ͸֧壬ҿɲȫ޻֮Ա
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ҲͬˣͣҶɡ
ðɣˮľʱɽҶҪסԼĻˡ

Ϊĵİɣ
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̵ݣȲֱԼʵԼʲôֱ̫棬ģһá
̣ĸ̴壬ĸܹ֯׻õĳƺţһ˵ʵͿų̶ȴﵽһ̶ȵ֤εıԶԶܱȵģͺڰϮ˵ʱԼֱ̣ӽӹʱָȨĻҲԼԼǲվˡ
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֪֪ҪӦȻʱûʲôͷҪ͵ڶɽկǱϵһ£֪Ρ

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ҪǿУ͵
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˵Ҳǣ̲ԾͽǰˡһʵսȻǴڲ⣬Уϵ顣
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ȻѾˣǾɣ㻹ѡһõ˰˶һõһʧߵ³Ҳ֪
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147 ˮ΢
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ֱҹĻ٣ˮľŻصУЩ̼ǲѵʵ̫̿ˡҪ£治֪᲻һֱȥ
յſڵˮľȴķһˡơ
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ÿġ¾ߡܼίУ㡣˵ţȡһᣬм˽Ķ
鷳ˣصˡ
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Ŀʧҹɫ֮УˮľתؼңţȻȡ͸Լϡ
ʱ򰡡ҿһЩΪ֪ذɡ
ЩˮľæԵռһЩϣҪһЩԶʱ񻰣ΪһЩ־ֹ£ľһЩľҶڵϢǹڶĿӰǧǳҲġǧλĽѾõߣˮľΪɾ;Բѷɫͬʱǲߺǧ䡣ҲֻдĲϺǧǳȼˡ
̽Ļ֮ʼǴͲľҹؽˡıֵ̽ǽѧУƶȣĸ̴壬һЩӰǧǳĻôˮľصһ˵ĻͷҲĪˡĴ趼Ҫ⡣
ҲԴϲ꣬ûκμ˼ءΪĿӰԳնĵ֮ǰʲôϢûУȻľɽУΪպյĸˡӰ̽Ĵ˵̽֡ӲˮĴӰߴĿӰˡͬʱҲӰ졣⣬̳˳Ӧ˶ķɽɫԼڳ˵ҲһǴ档
һֵĵطǾǵĴ̽սУյ߶תһ⣬Ψû¶棬ǲֹˮҲ˵ǲֹˮ磬ʬ岻һ˵Ҳûбתһʵ൱̫֡˽⣬ľɽֽʵ̫ˣΪˣΪĸһһԤԡʵ̫ˡ
˽̽Խˮľǰļ䣬һѵҪҪʷļ¼ҵһЩò֤֤һԼ뷨ԣ޴æĻǿɱԼһϹĥǿˡ

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ʱ䣬˭͵͵Ĺ
ϸĸӦһµˮľ漴ġ
ĸˣڰɣܿϧڵľҶǿʱˡ
ԭбɵĽߣǿڸֶþã¹趼ΪˡʱôãľҶľͲǰܡ
ȫͬľҶӶܵӰڵʱҪ͵͵Ļ浱ľҶİǲ˼ȡģɾ־ŲˡԴ趢ɾ־Ų֯
ˮľˣ̫ڽ߶żѲߵİѯʡʱڵʵ˳Ĺǲֱ췽ҹ̷˵ˣĸ̣Ǵӡ״̬һһĵҲвһֶֻ̡ι죬ЩԷˡʵľҶˮ㣬ǴĿǰʵҲǸܹܽĵط
ȻˮľҲͲڴҹĳȥˣĸ˹þͻᱻߡ
ҲѹִŲסˣʵ̫أҲȥҸֺǰҹ׼˵Ѿתˣھǲﰲİˡ
Ȼڶһ磬ˮľ۾ʱ򣬶ûԼڵ鷳ûֳĶͱˡǱˡץ˻ɱˣˮľͲˡЩһǱѾӡòˡ
ٹı˵Ĺ£ˮľҲΪģʽ׼ˡ
һʼûߴ·ȻʼʱײڲˡȻҺúÿ絽Ҫηɡ


148 ʱƷ
˵׼ʵҪ飬ֻǵϢռ㹻Ĳˡģ׼ʩѵĸӦȻȴǱȽ׵һڡˮľ˵ѵĲڿֲȻƽ⣬ǲȻɵı֤
ǰˮľ֮޷ӦȻǴӸϾ͸ˣһ̶ǱȻָˣΪȻпԸӷĸӦȻʵǲԵġ
Ȼ֪˭һ֡ȻˮľҲûндǲ̫׼ȷˮľȻɣ֮̽Ӷ޴ڵȻ˵ҸĽҰԭʼɭ־͸ܹȻġȻҲһӣȻȻĵҲй׵ģ൱Ĺסôʵ˶ĵطֻҪܳӦȻЧ˵á
ȻӦȻ飬ԴͷѾɿ֤ˡǣԴͷǴͲľҹȷġôֻе˲֮󣬲ŻȻģʽ˵Ȼܿܺʹˣһֱĳ֣ҵӦ÷ʽ
ǣܹղȻģģʽ⣬ֻƺҲգģβƺȻҲûʲô¡ܾͲһˡͳܲסȻĳʵҽͲľҹî֮Ů࣬ҪԾˣΪˣȻĸӦŻ˼㡣
̽ĸѣȻҲ˶Ȼ֧ţԭҪʧȥΪ֮һԴȻӦô˥ŶԡǶԱЩļ¼ˮľûҵⷽȷϢһͨȺϢûһԭͿû¡һֲ²⣬ԺܺõĽһǾʱ̽λģβޡʵʹͲľҹΪһУұ־βޣͷǳõĿȱ൱ڣ֮̽䣬ʵβǳʵȻ̽ĴԼĹףôʵ϶β޸ˡźǣβ֮ĹϵӣԭӦܵβ޵ıӻ븣Ķݣʧȥˡ
ķǺܲģȴôĵط
β޹ϵĲã̶ܴҲڱķӡɡķʵӦԼʵȷ÷ʲôģҪ֮˵ĳֱ֣һѵı硣
ݶС࣬Ϊȱ֪ĬĬسǧԴǧʱ⣬ЩʧʱĺУܹʱģҲֻдͲľҹͺھˡʱȥˣͲӦֲܵƽȵĶԴˡʱõҲѻصǰ֮ĵλˡҲԲӦýǧǰĴͷһǧꡣĿʵ࣬罫ڵ̽統һ˵ĻôܿǶ˹ųⷴӦֵ̽磬Ѿ޷ȫԼķӦһЩܵĴ޷ˡһ־ʵΪ֮лǱвͲľҹ־ھ岻аȵȡ
һˮľΪĿԣĸˡͱľɽضȵȡͺñľɽ˾ֱӻ߼ӵĲݵ̽ˡ
ЩͨʥصǣԼӦȻһԼ˽֮ٽҲľӢϰĳ̶ֳϣȷʵǽϰģʽѶȡǣľɽһѱʯͷྫӢߣʧ̵ܱࡣ޲˵ˣͨ޾ûԵ޹ʰ˼ͨްæģʽҲΪϡ١󲿷ֳϣľӢװʧȥҲģʽɹˣҲóΪͨ޲̽ĺð֡Ųʮʱ䣬̽ͱ˺üδģսڼ䲻֪˶ˡڴ֮ǰ˺üսʱǽ̽ĿꡣڵĴս֮ǽ綼ˡ£粻ǰƵ࣬治һֵ飬ټϻһЩĻϲ֮ˮ㣬Ĵ͸ӵĲˡͨԼֽţҲһЩԶĲ֣ҪԺһ
˵ˮľҵղķʽʵҲúܣβްˡ౾ӦȻУǾͽҲǳֶΡҲҪ˺־ϲܷģʽΪβ޲ȻĸӦͲģʽҲҲǱȻġҩʦֻ˵ƫִʤĴĿˮŵģʽܾʵˡ
Сβ޷ˮľӴһβغ׵ĲԼӻˮľſԾĻԼ뷨һʵ⼸ɽկɣҲµһЩɺʹõķͱ磬β޲һ㵽ԼڣȻӰĿƣǲĺõĻȷʵܹӦһһİĴڡ˵ĳţޱ޼ʵĺظУݸһԳܵĸо
ʱˮľβ޲ƸͣǿȻ֪áʮβʱһ䴵ţĻ˵ԼȻȻˮľǾԲִģʮβҲֻȻһ֣˵ּͬΪʮβѳľŴβޣǿȻЧҲ൱Ч
ǶԲƵʵ̫˰û뵽ҲΪյһ졣Ȼûǿֻиǿ
ԭڣ˾ȻܹάģʽʹþβˮľҲúܣ֮ˣȻܹˮľĿǰ飬ֻ˵޵תʵ̫ˡʵ̫ƫ֮ˡ
⣬ģʽˮľڻһȽͷ۵⣬ΪӡӰ죬ڵʧ⣬ٳٶûнȻǿԼҽǺ£ǵϰģʽʱʹˡֱӦ˵;ֻ;ټȻﵽƽ⣬ģʽڲҪ̸ȻˣԼڵƽⶼʹһʱûʲôĸоܵٱڣˮľ̫ΪˡΪӦȻβ޲ԼӰ죬ڻҪάڲȻƽ⣬͸鷳ˡ
԰ô죿
İ취ʵ࣬һֻдֲЧáһֻõдʵ鷳ҶֲֶΣˮľûиԼķ˵һû۾Ȼ·ı˵ˮľĿǰҲֻˡ
Ȼд۲ʵɽмشҲԼ̸ġôҪˮľԼ취ˣʱ򣬽ˮľҰģȾ׷ӡԭӡʵҲмӵȻã丱ãʵˮľԿƵġӡٴαĻˮľ壬ֱһֵ顣ûеõӡϣʵڲֽšôֻ취һԵƷˡʱˮľͲľԼȮͨԼصè塣
ͨԼߵľãҲͨޣҺܶ࣬þۻ귨ռΪģʽĵɡ
ôԴһ£Ҳ£ҶһЩ֤ĳɹӦҲܷ㡣ȻֻһЩʱĿǰҲֻҪܹʹģʽˣԺ˵ˡȻûиֶֻͨʥصԼҲòȻ;˫ʴĽӴɼ־ǿҲеΣǲԶġ
ȻѾˣǾʵʩҪһʱģʱԾʮҪˣڱ˵ܼ֮£ͲһŵʱˮľͲֹһεԼһҪסڻܹڵʱǹʱģʽҲ˲١
ڵ磬ľڻˣҵϢȻԵľҶľҶ߲ʱ̫עˣԹ˲ϾûʱûʲôߴĶֹ죬Գɰ˹ڻˣȻæˮľһֱûʲô̸̸Զ֮ľҲǺ˽⡣
һ֮ҲڻˣһĻһͷ𷢵ĸֺͱСľ
ֱʱ򣬻Ӱ֮λںˣﲻ궯ķΧ˲١Ȼָոջʱ۵ѾǷǳˣȻݶʽ󣬵ʱȣŸոջûõĸ־ͲòʼлӰְ
»Ӱεһ£ǴֻѹˣоľҶҽԺŸֻκõһԱˡˮľûôڸǰˡ


149 仯
ǧͷŸȥڵˮľûôø࿴Ҫóʱʹȴһ㶼
ڣˮľվڸǰؿļȸֿ̧֮ͷʵ¹⼲Ϧպƣʮİɣպ㶼ǺͬһĶѣʲôҪ˵𣿡
ûСˮľˣˮľҲûʲôҪˡ
ˮľĻش𣬸ַһļ󣬿ϣЦЦĿˮľ˵û뵽ҲڵЩ꣬Ȼðôһŵҩʦţֹˣͨӡóս˲õ˲Ű˵ɣΪȫҩĶʲôӦòô򵥰ɣ
һָúܴҩȻ֪ڸֶ弫Ϊ˽ҽǰ벻¶ʵЩѣû뵽ôͱ˶ߡ
úܴ󣿲ֹ˰ɡֺǿƵ˵¹⼲绹Ϧպ죬ɲһ㸱þ˵ĹȥġϦպ컹ã¹⼲鷳ˣڼҽʹãֻԭʼķάúܴƭ˵ĹҲֻһеĴŻšҪԵ˭ҿɲǿԱŪĽɫ
ðɣȷʵúŪҲֻܸ¹⼲ϦպһƲ⣬ҪȫҩЧûмȫҩãˮľ˵ĻҪ³࣬̽ĿƼˮƽ治ס
ô֪Щģˣֲ³ʲôˮľ͸ɴĳϣڲ²ģˮľ׼װɵԼҲһװ׵ľҶߡ˵ԼоɹκҲᡣ٣Ӧñ־Ųغ˵ҪȻĻҲῴľҶ߲һЩΪ뿪ľҶô겻
ˮľȻûоܲϣҲûʵ˼ֲ̫ѨȻͷ۵˵߾ǲ˺˵ȻԸ˵Ҳǿ󣬲Ϧպ״ãѾûʲôˣ¹⼲Ѿ˱ıԵˣҲ޲ߡϵ˺ܹһ£ӦܹܿѹǣģȻɵһ֣˵ϲһĿǰΪġʱ䲻ˣʱȥıԵҲֻǿάס״񻯰ˡ
ʱûʲô취ʵĿǰԼ״Ҳܲĵ⣬Ҫˮľʲôð취ĻҲôŬĿʵˣе㸱Ҳ˲ãʵʱ䲻ˡ
ףôһ˵Ļϸ˿һˮľģŷˮľ쳣ȻȷϵȻҲӣȻ¹⼲Ҫһ㣬Ϧպɲˡ
ûаæҺܱǸˮľԼ״Ҳ֪Ҳʵû̫õİ취̫鷳¹⼲״Ҳֻø취ˮľĿǰΨһܹ뵽ľֲϸŲؿһдάֳϸд۵ƽ⣬¹⼲ܹͨʲôֲֶϸֲأ

͸ֵĽ̸ûȡʲôʵϵĳɹͨνӴҲ˸ֵ̬ȡȻΪһӰиָȱ㣬٣һϸȡ־ŲֻŪȨ͸ıƣҲˮ׺תСһλȨؿɿҪ׼ȷжϺ;ϵʱʵûʲô뵣һ֮⣬ϲ˵Ҫֻܴ
̸ϵˮľ뿪ʱúһ׵¹
˰¹裬ϲ㣬Ժͬˡ
ллˮľʦ¹ϰĴкԺеæˡ
ҪҪֵʱ򣬼Ͱɣ¹衣
¹ˮľɵԼĽ񣬸ֻˣǶûоϢԼһԼԼǲǱˡ֮ˮľ֪黹ûֻ꣬ûеʽʼʱ
ʵЩҲˮľɻĵط֮ϵ٣ʵǿľ͸ӵķëǡ˵Ҳ̴֮һʵȻ㲻ϰμ⣬ҲԱȻӵķ֮Ѫ֮Ҫõö࣬ǣ浽ϴҪﶼ˵ĲӣȫǰǿӲ̬ȺͶԵϴڱصõҪ
ַ˲ûԤϵ鰡Ҳ֪Ǻ»ǻ¡
ȻѾε¼ԼǾԻ뵽Уǣʲôݺͽɫ£Σճ̶Ҳȫһġ

һ仹ľľӾ֮ڣˮľոս룬һԼк
ߣˮľˬʵԼкģѾȵе΢Գɰ˹꣬ŵľҲ״̬ãеĿµġáϵС˵˹ҲѾ˲٣Ѿеˡ
ˮľҲûпֱӾڰ˹
ôô춼ûˣ֮ôѴ
ȷʵͦ鷳ģΣӦòǺܴ󡣾һʱӦ֪ˡ
ҾͷˡȻû˵ϢǱȽص飬˹˵ΣԲôӦòƭԼȷʵûѳԼ֮
Գɰ˹˵ͳһ̣Ȼ˳־͵ϣһڣȻ˵⼸첻ڵʱ䣬û뵽Ȼô£Ǹ֯ôż˾͸ֱӽľҶ
еľĿ˵ŵǣǾȻһͳɹˣҪҲ˲ڵĻ֪ǸʲôֵҪͬսʤǡ
һҲûӮҲһװƵİ״ƿȻ󵹳ʣľƵƱ棬һڣȻ˵ֻ֪Ѷ˰ˡңʵҲûоԵİܹǣǸûжȫңѾûжٺˡ
û뵽ľֶӶĳˣô󡣡̾һ˵ԭΪЩľҶеĶû뵽Īð˾Ȼʹôľݡ̿Եʱ򣬳ֵĳĿӰǧôҼʶһֻʣ´˵ľݵҲˣûþȻֳľݲ˵˾̾Ϊֹľ֮Ȼձ¹ˣǺԣ沢ûһսֻ֮ǲкľˡԾʮָɴĳˡ
ǲǾ仯̫죿Լ첻ʶˣˮľЦŶԿ˵
˵Ĳǰĺܶೣʶ̶̵µʱ֮ڣ߸ˡռľݣֶô򵥵ĳǰһ
˵仯ľҶѾĿ˰˹п˵սĿԳնû뵽γɽͷҲս³ԭĴĿ֮ǰЦԼǵһʼյĻӰû뵽Ƕ㲻ȥ
صĻ⣬˶ýӻһʱҲû˵
󣬻ҲƳĬա
ˮľոռ˰ɣж˵ʲô𣿡
ûʲôرģһ¹⼲Ϧպ⡣ˮľĻҲ˵ѣֻѡԵû˵һЩϸڰˡ
šҲһᣬȻ˵ǸҩһݡӦûаɡ
ˮľһ㶣漴Ӧ˵û⣬Ȼ࣬һⲻ󡭡
һԵľҲҪҲΪȵʵҲҲҪܹ̽Ҳ˱Ƶʹҩĳ̶ȵˣӦǲ˰ɡ
Ҳҡҡͷ˵ֹ̫ˣвǶĴڡ
˵⣬ˮľǸӵֻ۵ꡣ
ң֪ΪʲôһЩΣУƺĪΣڽӽȻô׼б޻Ǻõġ
û⡣˵ŵˮľͳֻҩݸҲͨͿưܾܹʹøǾƴˡ
šҲˮľҩȻͳһݸˮľջһС°ɡ
ãҾͲˡȻ֪ʲôǼȻл뱨꣬Ҳ޷˵ľϲ

ĥĥһ֮ˮľĽˡվڸֵǰˮľϸĿ˵
ãˮļ̌ͷ˵ĴѾ˽ˡôӵʲôأָʲô̶ȣ
ˮľ꣬˵һȻǺǺĿʵơɰ̴̬Щ֪ǵҪʲôǿʱЩԼľ͹ˡ
Ǿ˵ֻʽϵĺһ߸Ͳô
ô˵Ҳ̫׼ȷϾڲǵж״̬Щϵ黹Ҫעһµġ
ôǶԵϴӦóʲô
бҪܴĵһҪʱ䣬ҲҪߴ꣬Ϳжˡ
ˣն졭


150 д
ˮľеˡ
־Ųغ͸ΪһĲʮֵԡϰڹµ־ŲأԵϴ̬ȣɱܹ˳Ƶ֮⣬ʵûʲôǰһĴʩһζǿӲֻľҶƽ޹ʵĴУôս̶԰Ρˮ׺תСϲ̬Ⱦף˵ԳľҶӡΪʺǴ´࣬ΪӰʵǷƿɳ¡
ֻ֮Ͳһˣԭ̴֮ⱻѸ壬ֱؼ⣬һЩܷͷǵϴ
ˮľ֪ԼĽɫֵͷҲ֪ˡֻҪǲв£ڲܡһαҪúһ
һ£Ӿ˺üϮ̽ľҶԣֱǲɽܵ顣ˣҲľҶڵֱ˼顣ľҶƻһֱ󣬳¹⼲ðһɿϢ֮⣬鱨Ÿûһá
ɰ֮Ы͵ϴϮҲͰˣǲ͸޵֮ҪˮľľҶȻ֪ǰ죬ҲͼǱӣʵþͱˣҪΪ˳ҵľݵ㣬ܲ߼Ǹ⡣
һϵе飬һ˵ˣڲ˴⣺ǳõиµľĲ㡣ģܿһЩͽǼ켣У˴󿪷֮ţôϮʱӦԲӦ쳣ĳٻһ֮飬Ҳǲࡣ
֮¶ʵ̫ˣ߲뵱ûѡΪһϴȻôĶֶ豭һˮȻ˵ӶԵϴʵûбֵôġΪ˽һ̴岻ֵá
ģˮľɻʵϴԲǿп޵Сɫɣ
鱨ԴȻڻϸҲһ֪
ȻҾͲˡЩˮľҲزǲϢҲ̽Ϣˡ
ĻЩͿԽˡԭͲǶ飬̴˵ֻҪȡҪ鱨ҪϴԶ֮еΪһܼ򵥵顣û뵽¶šľҶУӰǱ߱¶ֻࡣ
׾ͺãӰǱ߹ϣ⼸ӰֻΪ˿סϴ
˳Ҳסǡ
ֵͷǱȻģֻҪȷϴûй¶֪鱨ˣԣһļһ
ˡҪϲԼϣˮľҪҪҪֱӷˣ̼ôϺȵģʵ̫ˮľˡҾͲǴ򽻵ˡ
ɣм׼ʱ䣬ҲҪһЩ˶Ŀ飬ӰǱֻأӰΪڲѾѵϴĵλŵ˺ܵ͵ĳ̶ȡ
ԣҪʹһѹ֣Ȼе㲻־ˮľеģ֮ӣͿ磿οǸ޷ԹĳУлᣬˮľҲġ
ĸɾ㣬ץסţϲýʵڲзҲûϵǵϢ
֪飬֪ľҶֻ֣Ҫй¶ȥһж˵ҪŪ˾֪ΪӰӣӰҲԲưոݡ
Ѿ֪ˣɰ̴ʲô̬ȣΪʲôǻУһˮľʵ൱ģΪʲôల£顣
ɰ̴ܸӣȷϵǣʱǿεġ
ˣٲǹԮɰ̴ľҶ⣬ֱ͵ϮѣȻսͶʧز˵ڻûзӰ״̬ʱǧһﳤӰְȨ״¡ʱֻҪңʵʵĵһѣȻľҶæһʵʧ޴ټҪľҶƻ֮ǰľҶͽͷˡ
ʱõģ¹شȻ֮أǻǻɼֵģҲֵ
̫ˡԻִˮľҲϲ⡣ȵһ֣Ҫ¹衣
СֶȻܾ񣬴ܶڶҪ
һ˾ͱˮľǳʧȻ¹˲ţƴʹŹ֡
ǻһΡȻҪġԼõͷ¹費УһʵǿҲۺʵѾѷɫ̵Σܹ׷ӳȭسĻ̶ˡ
ԣ̿˺һֱûţпա
һɽҶʵ׵ɽҶǳսѣͬʱ˽˹ϵҲǳ֪֪֮ףϲ⡣Ȼ֪ͲͬʵǿԸҲǿƣˮľҲ̫죬һദɽҶŶ͵ԸˮľԼӺϵ
ɽҶȻ˵ԣһҪ˭
Ů־ˣҪɣˮľ걸ԤǳͲôˡ
ԣû⣬ϦպˣʱûиǰŴʦûпе̣Сӵڶпա
ǾɣûжҪˣľǾ콫ɰԱ鱨ҡ
ȻܿͻύСȺú׼˼ӦҪʼˡˮľҪһڴӦԭǳΣգҼΪ鷳кüƼҲġ
ŸˮľϣڣԳˣɲϸĿֻܾѡ
û뵽־ȻҲ˵Цˮľɵһ㶣Ц˵òҪǹˣҿɲʧܵġ
ϣ˰ɣȻ״ãһ̵ĳͻ֧ġ˵ˣֻһתǰ죬ҲǲҪġȫҩˣ
ǵģպûе͸һ㡣
Ǹˮľȷϣֲ˵
Ǹûʲô飬Ҿˡ
ţȥ󣬽ŵ¹

ѵм֮ǰϾʱ䣬ˮľҲûʲô̫飬ҶæԳɰ˹꣬ûˣ˵ΪľҶĿӰ⣬кܶ鶼Ҫڻ֮Ǳ߽棬˹ػ̵ȥҪ΢˵һ㡣
ǣˮľȻ˵йˣ⵽൱ټ
ôûȥˡ
ҿʦпˮľʦ
֪һɡ
ɶҲڵļ죬СӣȻһԼ˦һߣе߷߲ƽ˵ҿʦȥ̵
Ҳ˽̵ò𣿡ˮľʵ
Ҳɡ˱һһ˵ɫ˻ǽҲٺöġ
˵˷ֳӰʼʹ衣
˰ɣˮľʦһӾʹ˺ĵˡˮľǰ˵ǧҲˡ
˵𣿡˵ˮľ֣һɫġ£һҲá
ףôˮľʦҲ˾ȵ˵ɫ˲˵ĴĿӰôˮľʦҲãõĺöˡ
ɲֹһรʦҲǻġ
ɶ񣬿ұɫ˸ƭˣ´һҪٽһġ
˰һųƲֵ뿪ˮľҲɵһֶ֡Ȼǲ̬仯һּµ֣˵ʵûжټˮľֲ˵Ҫʵʵ̫ˡ㹻ˣʵںˮľķ񲻴ܹӲʱ仯ʱˮľô󡣶Ҳ΢˵㡣ϢˮľҲ̫ϲ£治ˮľʱ仯Ļ١
𣬾ôϷ̣˸ߣʹð˳
⣬СЦô׼ˣ
ݹһļˮľֽӹһһҳһߵϡˣˮľ׼ؼ֮ϸ
鷳ˣɰϵ֡ôʱҲԶˡ
ˮľɽҶҲˣŮ־˺ô£̲Σյ񣬲̫ʰɣ㵽ôģ
ҲҼ֣ɽҶִ˶ԥ˺þá˸ܸҵġҪսҡ
ŵȻã˺ô˵ģκ־˶ǼӵܣĻ̫á
ϸǹˣʵǿ˵Ů־˲ٳʦݣԾԶֱӵΣաҵ֮ǰǲµġ
ңһˮľû˵ǣģʽеüĿˣĵˮľһʼβ׷ĸĲˡ


151 սķ
ҹˮľйһĸӦһȻȻͿʼϸоŸÿתԼɰϡ
ȥһЩϸ֦ĩڵĶļ˵ˮľע⡣
ˣҪرע⣬һǳľӢ̣һʮĵĴӰ
ӰöŮ԰
ߴ壬Ů죬Ϊ̽ԣʵ൱һ¡ȻʮܹӰǱϾڻףʵλö֪ʮͣƾʵԷӵ⡣ÿһ˶ǲ츳ǿѪ޽硪д۵ģʮ۷ڵĴ񻰣ô׼ġ
õйоأеϴڣοҲǷǳҪΪ˱ϵ˶ĿһľӢų棬ټǰ;˺ʵˡľҶߵò࣬½ˮľʵ׵رɽҶŮ־˺ΡһΪ񣬶ҲҪúõĶһЩ츳ڵˡ̽ҪĲĻ䣬ֻڲпĲŷ˲š
ɰѰζˡɰ̴ˮľɵ˼
ȻóӡŮ߾̣
ԭʵɰϵ󣬵գΪѵɰջǼ˽һ̴϶飬жԵϴл͡гҲŵе֣Ȼѡһ·ʵ˵·ġߵжرյأ̫赲ߵжѡ˵ΪȻһβش壬ת֮
ƭ˵ĹҲƭһƭ˰ˡߴɲô˵Ĵڣܹһ򲻹ɰɼһжûرɣǲܵġ
˿еԱΪϴͳɰ֮ЫϮľҶĿɡ־ϺҰ޵ϽˮľС
Ұ޲ɱ󣬶һսĻôɰͶôǼĵ˾Ͳһˡɰ֮ЫôӦþˡ
һε˵ˣһʽԼľҶ˫ƵһļϣϴΪ˿п޵նһĴڣЩǱڰţ·ţڲжϴҪȻ̣Ҳ൱ļֵǵľ͵̣ҰľҲûǵϴôҲ˵ӵϴϵ⡣ܹƽһҪ̴嵱ȻҪҪһˣȻҲ˻ѹǶŽҿŵ˵ϴͽ˾ˣûʲô˵ģֻҪ鷳͹ˡ
ľҶߣ͸νˣΨһǵϴĹڡ֯Ĳ鱨еϧȻɭϲĿʣȻûʲô̫мֵϢ
ɰĿľͲˣܹҰ޷ϷӰλõĴʵҲ൱ǿԭܹһɱӦʧ¹⼲Ϳɼһߡھʦ֯Ĵԣӳͽÿһγ;ԲһС顣һ¶棬ľҶƻУɰ̵ĴͷĿһΣȻ׵ľȻ˵ǹϵһβԼĵӡټһóӡŮ߾һɰ̵СӴϵĻʵ߸һС̴嶼ǿˡǿм뵽ľҶжûһ¡
ľҶĿľһγжɰĿǳɰ֮Ыô
ʵɰ壬ǿ˳ɰ֮ЫĿԼϴ¶Ӱ˿ܡܹջ񣬶ɰĶɹѹҲǺаġңʧٶڳˣɲǧġ
ôҵĶλ˵Ŀʲô
ȻһεǸӣôʵһλˮľҪģֻǱסԼȻŮ־˺ƽĴˡϵҪĿ֮⣬ڶĿǣ֪ɱϴһòˡˮľ˽ˣ˵ԮϴвĻø㵽һɶεϸܷܹܲɶ˿µĲԵа񣬵ʲôͷֹ֮Ĵڣʵ˷Ĳ¡ԭУֱͲľҹ·ӡûս¶аͷɶεôһ¡һ׶ΣɵϷ񣬵ڶ׶οܾӦԡ֯ʱһʽжˡ
ԭ֯Ӧøһģû뵽еϴһСʱˮľҲ룬Ҫؿǰǰû׽ϴ᲻ɵĶࡣˮľҲҪսܻķ²ôŵң˵Ǽ£֯ÿһж¶Ϣͻ࣬ʵ˽Խ̴࣬ͻԽɵ˵֯ԺжӲٵ鷳
ŪˣһЩʱʩ֮ˮľҲͲپЩˡ
ģʽ˳Щ״ԼΪѡģʽѹؾȻĸӦˮľͨȡɵķʽһؿӦ˵ģʽ࣬ڱŷĶһ⡣
Դˮľ󣬶ȻĸӦĽУҲԽԽСעٵһβغ׵ĲҲ׼ȷĸӦȻˡ˵ŶȻĸ֪ߣβ޲Ҳܹ֪ŶԣֻЧܶࡣǹľǣֻҪûβˮľһȻӦ޵еĵֱ̣Ӿʧˡ仰˵β޲ĶٹϵЧֻҪûβ޲ˮľ޷ӦȻ
ˮľԼˣ֪Լ⣬ģʽҲҪˣǿɾ鷳ˡȫԼ֧һ
ѵﻹһЩû뵽⣿
ľɽضˮľһֱеų̬ȣڿ˸ָ壬ҲһЩǳõֶλ켣СҪҸʱúоһˣʱĻܲҲ̸̸쳵ܹ鲻Ǻ£һ˵ľܹ޵ġ
ôģʽˣٶпɣգۼģʽ١ҪȲˮľȫûʵսԵҪǿˡˮľģʽɶȣźҲĳ̶ԶսĻܾҪܶˡûҲ޴ɷû־˺ϰæΨһĺôǣԼӦȻټĲҪҲϲ٣ƶʩչʲôĲ⣬Ӧʲôûͨ޴ˮľȫ֪ôͱԼһģʽսˡ
ʱˮľòٴΪԼڻĻԽģʽʵȫλǶսֱӰ⣬ŶȻĸ֪ԽԽǿģȻҲʼЧã˵β޻޴β޲γɾ޴צӣֱӶԵ˽йҲþˡʵȻҲһ㡣Ƹ֪Χ֮ڵȻֱӵİսǴȵͨǲѡ
ԭֻһš̡Ʒӡͽ縨սߣû뵽ʵȴôǰʵⲫҲˡû뵽ģʽҲüĿˣֶҲǹˣû뵽Ҫħ˫ޡ·ϷչҪ취ԺֱӵֶҲҪúоһˣǸӰԭһ˶ûдйĻݡ֮
ȻģʽˮľսķеƫƣˮľоĺôʵǶ״ĸơģʽϰˮľ״ҲתȻֱܹӵϸ޸Լʵ൱ЧЧʵ͸ֵӡʵֱ࣬ǿͨСģʵӳȻûг׽⣬ٸԼ˲ٽʱ䣬ܹһ㣬ˮľʱѾǺˡ

ʱˮľͰжȹֹһܣ֪ͨ´ˡ׼ˮľҲǳ־ĳˣǰսսʲôܽĴܶܲˮľˣģʽһܹԼܵģ̽磬ŵģҲôˣԼӦòôһЩԼԽĴ
ɽҶһˮľκŮ־ˣһֻ˵̫ӴĶ飬߳ľҶĴšʱ֮ˮľܿҪЩǰֻڼеǿǹˡһΣԼкܶѵģȻһĻ̥ʵǿ󣬷ԼҲǵĿ꣬ٺòˡ
û뵽˼£ڻӳˡɽҶЦŶˮľ˵ţое㲻ţ㣬ʵҲŷ
ţ˵ͣɲˡ¹⼲ˣܲɻ˵
㻹ûɽҶЦ˵
İɣġ
ðɣˮľɽҶͷȻ󻰷һתɰ̵ĶǲǲԾоʵ̫ǿˡ
¹⼲⣬ˮľһƣȻ˵Ҫ˵ȻϸͣҪİšڲʱ򡣡
ˮľ֣صķԸκŮ־Ҳͷʾס


152 
˵ǴģսγһôĶͬжģʵ൱ϡ١Ҫ˵ߴγ϶ˡ壬ӹϵãɰ廹ܹƽѾˡˮľҲָʲôʱܹúõĻˡ
ˮľҲûе˼ԭǵ֮һľҶǸ٣սһߡˮľҶһЩϡŹֵĶĻʵǿǳ£ɰŮ߾ɽҶˮľԼʵ࣬Щ˽ҪսǿߵʱսʱָҲвٷǳɫߣЭҲǺܴİ
ˣƴ˴յĶ飬ܹõγɺĿ΢΢ոյͷᣬˮľľҶһϸڣǲɢ˼ϺĿǲˡ
ҪúúϼһˣñǣűߣңǸ
ɰ̣һͷβļֱӱɰ֮ЫǱԲɰơô˵ԭΪڲľҶ׼ãһǿмɰпй¶鱨ֻΣաҲǾԵġɰ֮Ы׻᲻ԮĴϴ᲻ʹ˶ǱӦ˵ΪϴðʧһɰҪԱӦķգɰ֮ЫҲҪȨһµֵֵá
صӪصˮľͿɽҶںʰεĶ飬Ȼѳ֣ôȻ֮Ҳᰤ̫ҲڣֻҪܹۿɼܹʱԮˮľҲǻޣеΣԴͷҰ޺͵ϴˮľжԶԶϴǼˮľһֻ۵ģ򲻵ѣҪ棬ãϴƵʵʵӡ˶ĸ֪
⣬ɰҲǼرǵģȻǲ²ʲôҲ֪ˮľôģǲӰˮľļɵӵһԲϾˣһߣֻҪûϵɰҲΪˮľѴӵ̡
ˮľôɽҶˮľƵ˻ɵʵ
һɡˮľҪǿľҶڳϣ˵Ƕˡ
ôأϾУʲôͲˡ
ɣܹƽ¾ˡԵɣˮľҲģɰȻҲ̴֮һС̴ǿˣĸ̴壬еˡС̬ȽԣڣվشĴۣûзӰڣɰǴڼΪеʱ
ŽȵĴͳҲ֮̽һӵߴһҲǱȽദġΪӳĳˮľȻ֪ģ˾Ͳһ֪ˡ࿴˳۵˽Ҳ֡
Щòˮľͣա֯ûǵȻԴϲҸøǿϮ޴ѹ֮£ˮľ˼Ҳˡ
һʰ֮ˮľɽҶټϯضȻ˵һεشҲвʣܶ಻ϳĵطһҽ͡
ôҪʵһ£Ƿô˵ģ
AҪԱ͡εһش
ҲǡŮ־Ҳͷ˵
ҲǵġɽҶ˵֪ûô򵥡
ðɣȻĻҲΪˣɻһ·ˮľЦ˵Ȼ֪ĿôģΪ˱סϢй¶ɡ
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SôμӣκŮ־˷ǳľȣȻʵǻûԴ󵽾ܹSĳ̶ȡ
ɽҶҲЦȻԤУû뵽ô˸S񡣡
ּɽҶر̵ݣҲûΣһξڲ֮ǴλرΣգֻΪų˴һε̣Աһδˡ
ʵȼ˵ĸȼABCDʵܹµԤѶȣʵɳӦȼȥɵĻһɹ൱ߣľҶߵʣϸɸѡ֮£һ㼫ٳȼʱߵ״ľҶߵĿڱ൱á
S񣬿ɾͺǰĴһˡԲָAһȼ񣬶ָѶA޷Ѷȵľ仰˵SѶȣ׼ȷݣӦǡޡŶԡ
򵥵֣˼̫ˡ̣SҲСȻʱʧˮľɽҶﲻ֣κŮ־S񣬻̫˵㡣
Ҳ֪Ҫףڴӵ״ɲ̫̣пյ̶ҲԣЩʱ򣬲òˣʱҪŬʱˡ
δսһսʱڣľţδʱսºպսڵĵλ
ڵľҶȻûеҪʱ򣬵ʵҲѾŵҪսıԵˡԶԭͬ˴öʧľҶڷеЩľҶ״ѶĵˡʱֲĴɳʵǿ̣һ㳬ʵҲġΪʵ˿ˡ
ˡκŮ־˵츳뽾SʱҲ㷲
ˮľ˵̫ˣСŵˡɽҶЦ˵İɣ֮ǰǲµġ
ǾɣҲýţεΪɰİ֣ӦӦŶԣңǲҪĿꡭ
ˮľô֪˵Ŀûǣ⼸ӿ˺üιˡ
Ϊûз²ҲûβޣôǣûʲôֵùעĿ꣬ţˮľͻȻһ£ܿ첻¶ɫ˵ôˣϮǣ³ɹˣʲôòǰϢɣȳȥȻ
˵꣬ˮľȥȥפظһЩȥˡ

죬Ѿ쵽ҹˣˮľͲú˽磬ȻûлȥÿеĸӦȻԼһЩ顣
ǵ˵Ŀô̫ˡ
ʵոձΪʲôΪĿʱˮľʶԼܵ͹Ѷȡ
ӦҪһǿֹģɽҶһֻе鰡
ԭˮľΪһβ͵ϴӦòǵ˵ĿŶԣǱʱˮľʶԼܻܿɵ˵ĵĿꡣ
¶˵ֻ۰һԵġҲ벻ⶼѵĶ
ܻܿˮľ鷳ģһǳɰ֮ЫȻֻۺݺݽһٵֻ۶Ǻ顣һΣԴˮľԸľǲԼڵ廹֪ûȫӦͲԼֻۣܹĿԲ󡣶ˮľҲˡ֯ڲìܣɰ֮Ы˽ģֱӵͲ֪һֻ۵Ĵڡ
ˮľ鷳ģɾǲ;ˡֻжĻǱ߳⣬ôҪһƷڵһֻǲߵģֻ۵ļҲĿáڳ˸ֻ۵Ķ̽һҲӦ֮⡣˭ǾͲ֪ˡЩ֣ҲὫԼ̻ûмСɫϡôԼͲȫ޻ᡣ
ģʽҲ֪ʱܲó
ģʽôڼϰҪ˵򵥵ĳԣҲһΣܾò⡣⣬ǿģʽôѸݣҪһʱ׼Ȼʱ䲻ϾҪעġʵôϷȻûֵʱ䣬սḻˣһʩչģʽĴǹӴ˵ĲδɵŹ֡
ҼʹǳɹˣҲһһʧû۵ˮľֻܲοԭ÷ʽܲһЩƵ·ȻҲܽһЩȻֶΣûоʵڵļ飬ˮľҲǺеסҲû飬ģʽܹ֮ĶֶҲһ֮ջһƬС֣һЩʵ˶һСľҪ˸ˡ
ЩҲֻʵս顣
ģʽԻʵĴǿף¾ǲЩģʽɵҲ൱ǿ


153 ͱ
ʵҹɫ֮УˮľоһӰڽӽԼ·
Ѿô˰
Բ֪ϰĿ̶ȣˮľйᡣǸ֪ȻֶǾ͸ӵҪõĻϰˡ˶ĿΪһʱϰǶ̫ˡκɽҶ˵֪ˮľĶѣŮ־˵ļĻ棬ԲĶҲΪСĽҰĵطȾΪ˲壬Ҳˮľץһʱ䣬ϰһ¸֪ȻҰľĻû˴ŵʱЧˮľоȷʵ
ˣˮľҲʶˣûȥˡȻûãɽҶӺڰ˳
ôôûȥ
Ǹ㵣ˡˮľطо֪ôá
ΪӳôԼܵ£ɽҶЦŴȤµ̣Ҳûô䡭
ôˮľҲ֪ɽҶûԼֻ֮Цˡ
аɡ֪·ġ̲֪Ϊʲô飬ûкúϢˡ
S񰡣ܲţ
δϻΪһɣҲе㲻ɽҶҲ˹źˮľ£˵ˮľ㻹ǵĵһSô
ʱеˣǲˡ
ҲǵˣҲǰսˡ֪ܲʼա
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ԭģһʱ俪ʼˡɽҶƽ˵
ȷʵ̫ˣϤģϤģһµʱʧȥ
ˣôƸУΪ̰ɣǵ̫ţ˵ܲѹ
аɣ˶ѵõ˲ŰʧôҪѪҺʱ򡣲ǰװ׵زֵط
ѽǶ¶ӳ̫ΰˮľǺܴȵ˵ˡ
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ˣҶĻˮľҲò͸¶һϢɽҶģİܲǺ¡
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㣿ô᣿ԭΪĿӰİţû뵽ȻˮľһŵĽ
һ˵ĺܶԣҶǶѵõ˲ţδӵļˮľûֱӻش𣬡ǣ㻹Ǵĵ͹ǵʵѾѵõİˡ
ôΪģɽҶɵ˵
ȻȻ̲ңҼСս̣ȻףǻܴճģΪΪʲô̵Ҫ󣬴ΪʲôͬˣҪĲǹͰοǵΣ
šɽҶһᣬȻ̧ͷ˵ðɣ˵еĻ䣬֧ľҶĶҲȷʵһܺõöᡣҪѵˡ
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̣ǲΪϮĿģ෴ˮľҪע⣬ܱܿĿԼԶΣա
Ҳֻˡڵ£Ҳܰ;ˣӲͷƤҲҪȥ
ǻȥɣˡˮľ˿ԶɹļֻĻ棬в֮ǰܵαӵĸо֪Ů־˺βģصع̽һ
šɽҶβˮľʼߡо㵱̣ԽԽ˵ˡ
̫ˣû˵ҡ

ڶһ磬֧黹̵İռƻе·ǰжһγɵĶ˵ֱ˷ָڶ԰лĵĿŵʾǾе͹ɡ
˾൱һĻɰжĴ̿밵ɱԼǱ߷չһְҵٻΪߵһǩȻȱɫʵڲһߵıע߷չûбΪĵʹߵôߣĻ̨ǰֱȡʿսְҵ֮ķҲûб
ˮľҪôɽҶŶҲǵǲѣǲҪʲô
áˮľҡҡͷ־˵ĳӱһΧ죬ʲôҪ
״ʵˮľҲԤϵˡϣж̴֯͡ȴϷƫƫÿһ߶ΪԷԼԲŻֵһĻ
鱨ԵȵĲɵһôΨһıʵԼ
Ψһ鱨ƵˮľУĴˣԼӲʵԲ̶ֳȵĽʱ򣬾͸ӵˡ
ľҶΪԼӦǲҲ鱨սӴ鱨Ϊ޴ķӦԮϴ뽫ƾͼơɰ޴ȡ̺ô
֯Լ鱨͸ˣ޿ײľΧ֯귢չӦܻܿгɰ֮ЫлжеЩˣȫΪԼһ߻˵壬ֻͷ鱨Լж
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Ȼˮľİе㲻⣬ɽҶǰˮľҪź̵
ѾôˮľɽҶѹʵ
׼ˮľɫĵͷҲ֪ʲôʱһʱ䲻̫Զˡ
ֻȶԷ߾鱨һᶯ֡ǲ֪мˣ˭

ĥĥУ죬ߵľ룬һĶ߹ľ룬Ҳûж϶١ˮľȥ˵ʱرǸΪƽصĵطԵĸоصµ൱лԵĿһЩĶĲƬǵ⼸ѾһľҲûȫڸ
ǵʱսĵطֺۼҲ̫˰ɣǵʱôӳģ˾ɽҶԵܹһ˵ӳһˣҲǾȲѡ
˵ֻҪ֪ǿֵܻȼĶ־͹ˡ
ǻҪɽҶЦ˵ģ˿ܻһôӮǣ
㼱ʲôһΣǿѵġңҲҪġҿϾҪְнȻȢ޵ӮңǾԲֹطġ
ˮľ㲻ҫδ޵ģǶ֪ˣ
㡣ˮľƳһɽҶ˵λȥ˸Ͻͣ˶ϵˡУҪʼ׼ˡ
еʱ⣬ˮľɽҶ˵ЦͻȻԶԶľͿҲź˹ƺʲôҪ
߽ˮľĿżϴŲԥ֮ɫ
λʲô𣿡ˮľȿʵ
εж˳϶飬Ȼصɰ塣˵ˮľһĻ
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ǵƤҪӽȴʲôͶô˳ɰ嶼ôûò𣿡ĺǿɰ̵ķ޳ֱӾͿڼ
±仯ҲҪô壬ҲʲôһɲĶοǲҲһôԿ㵽壬·ˡ
ˮľĿһòһзŭѣпܾһﴫʲôٵ鱨˼Ϊжϡ
ţˮľɫ˵̣ڹͻȻ˳⣬Ҳ֪ʲôɣҲ֪Щ޹ؽҪ顣Ҿֻһ䡣ɰѾҵ˱ȳΪľҶѸмֵĶ𣿡
ˮľĻѾȫĿˣǳвƱˣټˮľ㲻ɰ֮Ыʲôֽš£ʲôȰ˵ЧĿ΢΢ֱвЧˮľôĵڣľҶҪɰʱһ˵ɰҪľҶһ㻢ƤƣĽľҶһɰֵģԾһԻ塣
ˮḷ̌⻰ʲô˼ˮľĻüͷʵ
ϵ˼̣úÿһ˵Ļ
ٴȷϣղ˵ĻܴľҶĿӰô
ɰҲһ֪ʱ۳ʲôɣľҶֻᷢһˮľޱҵľҶôҲϵ̽ԼҲһ˵зˣһп޵Ľɫ̣£ľҶ˵ĻƫֻҪ򲻴ҲһΪԼ˵Ļġ
˵Ļٿǿǡ˵ɫˡ
ˣˮľһǿֻϵĿʵϾˡҪɰ̣ʵǿ뿪ǿʧˡ
ˣҲˣˮḷ̌ľҶĻá׳˶ĳ˵ĻǺܿ
뿪һԵɽҶһ˵ղŲ̸ˣˮľ㵨󡣡
۵ɰ̽ͨģֻôˮľ˵עǸʲôرжϸҡ


154 䲻ݷ
ɰһշǳأԲ֮ǰ̴ִ֮ɰøաıҲֻЩھе˲̵ܸᡣ̻ãϾ࣬ҲǺ⣬̾͸оǳĲˡ
ǾôǸľҶߵķԸ߷߲ƽɿ˵ǸһҲֻһ½̣ǲ
Ҫ˵ˣⲻ²µ⡣ĻһȷʵǷˡ
ǡ磬ȴһߵŮ߾ֱۣȻҡҡͷ
һˡ᰸ȷʵ˶ģɰҲѵˡһʱȥ̽Ҳˡ
˵֮Դۿ۵Ļߴּ֯ϱԲεĻôߴпϵܵصĴϾǹӶ˭ҲỨǮӶһ۵ļһ浽Ǹʱ򣬶Աάֵɰ彫һӳش
˵ֻϸں鱨ĻִϵѹͲ˵ıˡ
ЫǱô죿ӵһʵ̫ĲˡѾʶЫܿѾʧˣȻ볢һ£ǧǱǸô˵
ûйϵһҲкôȻʵǿ󣬵Ҳܱ֤һʧȽҰƽӲҪģЫǱߣʵڲУǧǱȥ͡

žе㲻˳ȥҲɫһƣ֮ɫҲβסˡ
ʦǸô죿ѧΪ־ҲͷԵһ
ⲻǵ£ǲҪУЩ飬һսᡣһĶԹòҪݸһɰľҶôϵڳõķչʱ򣬼ʹڳ⣬һȨʱ򣬻Ӱ֡
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һǲҪĿꡣǱΣգֻҪ֤Ұ޲£Ҫ
һ£Ȼ˵ǲ壬ǺľҶһ¾ˡ
ľҶһ£־ϷǱ̨ʣǾ˵ľҶҲǹϵôã
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ִɰȨ̴֪֮ĹϵһжǸ֮˽˶ԹҵġĿǰǰɰֻҪ£ӵβơ
Ǳƺе㲻־ϵĵ˵
ҪȻȥ̸̸뷨Ǻõģʱѣ뱳һ֮ңжǳе𡣡˵⣬ƺ뵽ʲô飬תͷҰ˵ϵķӡô˵
ѾûˣѾȷϹûκֽţ
ȷľҶķӡȷʵҪǿһЩ᲻ʲôûз֣
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ǾͺãȥҪϸһ£Ƿӡغ׵״̬ϾǸˮḷ̌鱨һķӡ֡˵кܳһʱĿհڣû֪Ұʲô
ľҶƻУ̱ܻ׽飬ǰɰҲþãǻĿ֤ˣȻԵʱϸҲ֮ˡ
УǸ̡ԣˡ־ϻһǰʱϴͳɰ֮Ыս󣬡ǳΣգǰʱϱֻصֱͲӦó䡣
ѾѯϲسˡֻǱҪҪֱӳͻȻҲ̫ԸһǰԵľҶ߻ֲֶֿΣǽǻȥúòϣһȥ˴мʶǧͺϲأû̫ͷֻкϲӺ뵽˵ʲôӺԸ͸¶ֻ̫࣬ǷԸС¡
֪ˡ
һҾҲӦõģľҶռ̽Դô꣬˭Ҳ֪жǱʲôµĶǵĵ˲ǣѣֻҪպһ㣬ǴҪġ

ˮľԼ˵ȷʵǶôƭĲǺܸȤֻҪôˮľͲˡֻҪɰ廹˼ľҶѣһж˵
ڽһΣ֮ˮľҲڶˣôãʵʱ֣ңֹжҰģ׼£ˮľҲһԤƵġǲֻҪֻģпԲأԶԣɥʧԼ󲿷ֿܵĳɰ֮ЫܱȽϺöԸΨһҪɵľĿӰɰ֮ǼȻɰڵõôڳɰ֮Ы鱨󣬻ҪԲ׽ô൱İնԸɰ֮Ыġ
һöԸľǷɶΣֻҪг鱨С˾ƾѪҪԸҲǷǳѣ¹ھԵ֮£ҵɶε֮󣬶ܹɵûˮľڱ¹ǿö£¹Ըɶεľ飬ǲȡʤʧֻ֣˵ˮľļҲ˶Ѱˡ
ȥ֮⣬˺սˮľԾʱҲǺܾµġ˾е㹻Ǻˡ
мŵƵˮľһαһε׼ҪֵĶ࣬ٴԡ֯ʱ򣬿ɲôǱˡ

̴ʲô鶼ûһȻͰȥʱƣƺܵһַϢҲԽԽơҲֻɰ̵־Ϻ;żˮľԼһ򵥵Ľһ鱨֮ࡣ
ˮľҪյεİۣŮ־˵ĳӣɽҶͨѻļ֮£޷ǰһôжˡƺҲʲôҲһֱʵʵģҲûʲôɵľٶˮľȻûгӵ
ֱ磬ȵʱӪʱ
ͻȻŮ־ɫһˡ
ţ˹ϢˮľҲһмˣ
޷жϡŮ־ҡҡͷʱûиӦˣĳӣֱӾͱɱˡ
ڡ֯еû˸֪ܹ洦ɼļӵĳӡˮľҲ˵Σ
ʵˮľҲԲһЩ֪壬ոյһֻһʱפأˮľû׼û뵽˾ͳʱ
ˮľķԸ򿪰ۣϸ۲һ֮˵ܹˣƺǳģ׼ɰ塣
ףôǣʲôĿ겻Լ͵ϴǳɰĶ飬ôʣĿһβҰޣʱȵ˳ҰôȲֻ۵ܣ˵һи֪ҲûоԮϴǾ˵ûʲô顣
һ˿һֵľ״ϸ۲شһͨǣڵĲҲӴ󣬶Ĳ൱֡
֪ˣͣˡ鱨˽ˮľҲ֪˵˭ˡ
Ƕͷɶôβ޷Ϊϴı׽гɰ֮ЫĽѣʱô
һεսǲҪֱӲ룬Ѿֱĵ˵Ļ󳷣ҪӲƴرע⣬һҪҡ
ˮľҪ֧ԮôɽҶ˵𣬡ɰȻ̣һսȴһռơ
ҵȻ֪ʱҪóȻж˿ܻͬҲҪСġ
ȻѾʼˣˮľҲͲԥźŵİɣϽ֪ͨɰע⾯䡣
һǽǶͷɶôãɶκ˵ǽǶе鷳
Ե࣬ԴԵסԿľǳͿʵӽۺʵǿóݣͽǶսٻغϲ⡣ȻʤϣǺôսˡ
ڷɶΣˮľúһ£ǵȵ˵˾ƾѪʼʹˣڶа밮ʹŤһ㲻ֱɱˣôԮҲüġңɰǡһʵ׵ķӡߡ˵ÿƷɶεķӡЧƵ˵жٺòˣֻҪˮһĻвʤʵġ
ڿһжˮľͻȻŮ־˵
ˮľӳһˣٶȷǳĿ죬ֱӳ߹ˡ
ΡˣˮľϽԸ졣
ס۵θϽ鿴˵Ķһˣʮֹ죬ͨ˵мĲ졣ٶȺܿ죬ȷʵֱˡ


155 
˺һ㡣εı棬ˮľҲԥˡҶָκ־ˣȻҿܻ˼ɲˡסҸո˵ĻҪǿʲôʼʱ֪ͨҡ
˭ˮľԴӦԵĴڣҪģʽǿսĻڻβ޲ˮľ½֮ĸ֪Ҳϲ٣ͻʹˮľԼΧı仯ӦôѸݣʱ򣬾ҪͬԼˡ
ʱȣɽҶҲû˷ʱ䣬ת̺ˡˮľͳͨᣬֱӽܸͨ˳;޴Ĳ̫ˮľָ£ѸٵĽܵСɾ޴ֱӽ·ϵľײڵء
һᣬ˾һƬյظ˳
ǶӳͨޣǰûζԾܵȲѣûʲôɫͨޣ൱ɫ⣬ҲȷʵûʲôǰһĶʵáԽĶԽãڻõܻᷢӳ
˾̾ٶȡŮ־Ҳǳֱ۵ַʽǳٳʦϸĬĬȫһ
ˮľŪòˣɽҶκ־˵ȻǵҪǸ֧ԮԼ䣬ֹεĵͻȻĳ֡עñԼ
˽ˡʱκŮ־Ҳ֪ǳܵʱ򣬱ԼҪξǾæ
սϣʲôԶصʱˮľһԾ˲̫ıϡ泯ŵϮķվȻʼӡ۲
ˮľĶһӴĲʼˮľΪģ˷ӡѸٵĴҵע⡣ȻղǿľҶѾʾˣǶԵϮǿȻǷǳ˽£ɰ嶼ûóȻжڶˮľ߼ӴĲҲ𾪲ѣһ˵һʵǿ̣ʹͬھʱ򣬶Ҳˡ
Ҫʲôˮľߣɻ־ʵһ¶ֶô
־ҡҡͷ˵ûУǿԿ϶һûôǿ
̶ֳȵѹȸУͳɾ޴ĲĲѾ˸еˡȻľҶʱΪ̡ҲʮĽľҶ˲żüãܵ˲صʧܹ֧ŴֵҲǲɰƶ񤣬ʵǿ̫ˡ
Ҫʲô֪ǲǷӡ
зӡĲϸĹ۲һȻ˵Էӡ˺ܴãǣ˾޴ĲͨķӡǾòôġң滹̺һЩֵĶҿ͸
ţʱǱߣȿߵĵ˵˭ڵ˵Ŀɰ壬仰˵һβҰޣе൱ŭԼѧαϣ˻ģǡ֯ṢǶ̴֮һɰ˵ҲǾ޴衣
ȻҳʮŵΪԼʵӭսǲС־ϣɣڻҰޣҪԥֱʹغ׵ֱӷغ׳Ҳûйϵ
غ׳ôİŴһ־ʵ
û£غҲһսôֻ࣬ҪʱƷغףɫķӡʦǸˮľӦа취ġ
ȻϣԼһʵЩźԷһĲԣǲȥ
ԶһߣڷľҶɰ嶼ʼ֮ҲʼһЩӦԴʩҲý
Ǹô죿ѯʡҪҪȥ֧Ԯ
áҡҡͷ֪˵ľȻľҶṩһЩ鱨еʵԲȫȷϡҪ
ǣǶǲŲʣȻǻ᲻Ҳ֧Ԯǣ
ΪΪʲôôУɰľҶν֧ԮϣǴûָǣһжҪԼ
ô˵ҪǵϴʦǱʲôʧүү᲻᲻ˣ
֪ǰ͵ϴϵڣֻһ̡һͷװҲǽΪӳػҲжϵúǳͬţȻѾϵ˲ͬĵ·ҪΪԼѡ𡣡
ǡе㲻ĵ˵үү˵ȥô
Ҳ˵ˣǡǱ񡣶ҪĲȻͬŵϴҲ֪֪ףĴͳŽһ£Ȼ뿪ǣͳǾҪۡ
ۺʵ̴деƫµλãҲǿܹѹɰ̴ĳ̶ȡĳ΢ɰ̴һⲿ⣬ŽĿҲеһҪ̽Ҫʯ֮һ
˵ĺƿԵĳת˵ոȥ͵ϴй˵ʲô𣿡
ûСҡҡͷ
Ȼϴûкǽ˼Ҳعȥ͹ˣȻӰá
ðɣҲֻˡҲֻźͬķ
ǸľҶ̣ǲСﰡϸĹ۲ˮľĶԵ̾ǰûпΪľҶж̫ӣûɳʲôĸɽû뵽оȻôһ㡣
ôҲǲ
˵׼ร
곤ĳԼʶҪȺḻ
ǸˮľҲ٣ǲ֪ʲôֶˡ

˵Ĺ˼ɣˮľѾ׵Ĺܲˡβ޲ע룬ϢʼͷŴĲˮľĸ֪죬һ˿˿ȻʼۣˮľҩͰһա
ӴȻ֪ͲƲһ㣬嶼Ҫ˺Ƭ˰ɡ
һģʽôѣˮľǡΪ״ʹ˲٣ֲԸṩĶһЩ޳֮ȻҲһЩҪûгڵĲһЩֶνԼʧ⣬ľˣڣˮľҲѾо൱ĳˡϰʱάһ̶ȵĿƣƽѾܹܺõˡǣʵս״̬ģʽ治һ׵飬ҪάסģʽҪ֤㹻ĻƶͷսڲҲиϵ£һжҪԼеѹأ˵Ļͷˡ
ƽ⣬ʵ̫˰ԱƺǱһƽĶӡ£ֱӾ͸ˡʵ̫Ϊά˰
ڵˮľϣʱʱ̶̿õϢһˮľ˿ȮͨԼϵĶϾۻ귨չһӡۼ˴ͨй¶ľ񲨶۳һԾֲԼʧȱݡ
ȻϵķӡЧˮľ״Ҳʼת΢ֳ˲ˮľʼ֪Ȼ㼯ڣԼĲʼƽ⡣ڴﵽһ޶֮ڣˮľ忪ʼ˱仯
ͬҲ˵ĸҲһˮľչֳӣûôԵı仯ͷɫһЩϸ΢ı仯ֻнߵˮľŷе顣ͬǰԭֳ۵ɫҲ̫ɵ˥ģĲ԰ɫҲྶͥǱһֽ͸ģľӨ͸ķɫΪǰ̫ӽע⿴Ļ治׷ֱеı仯ᷢˮľͷĩˣƺͻأĳ࣬ԭֻסͲֲӵͷֱ쳤˼
ı仯Ҳˮľܹϸķֱ
ˮľʱԼò֪ǲͫ׺۾ı仯Ҳ֪ûӰ·һĶˮľ֣ϸһ£ɫûκα仯Ҳûзͻ䣬Ȼˮľͷ
ûгǣǳɹ˻ʧˣ
Ȼһȫʩչģʽֹ֮ĶˮľҲǵһʵսûз̫ı仯еˮľʧ
Ȼʩչģʽ֮󣬲ûʲôرƺĸоҲ
ôɡûʲôԱȺͲգʵڲԼ˶ٶôֻҪһ֪ûб仯ˡ
ݡɻ֮
һƽĻԴԽˮľûùһûκرĵطҪ˵Ψһһĵطˮľ֪ͨ͵ΧȻļǿ䲻ٵֻһŵСڴˮľзɳ񻨶ʢһǰɢȥŻ䣬ҲԽԽնγһž޴ķȻ򣬽ǰһƬضΪ
ʵ̫˰ɣȻͨ״ˣô˭Ҳ˰ɡ
ˮľȵĿŻȼð̵أͼ֪֮ڵһӰ𺣣һĮЦݵĳɰ֮Ы˴ҲƺûЫܵٵ˺
սپأϴҪ˼ˡ


156 ƭ۵Ŀ
սپȻ˵ɰ֮Ыȷʵʵ˵ִ󻰡ˮľԼ˱СҲ²ģʽˮľҲͱսپĶմߵİɣڵˮľûбɱĿܣһˮľɲΪгɰ֮Ыڡ
ȻѾ¶ˣˮľҲڽˡɰ֮ЫʧȥôĿܻĻ϶ͻ½һءңʱڣЫҲ޷ٲеĿܣôٻݾͱз˴룬ֶΣԸһҲǴ´ˣǿߣЩʵ𲻵ãΨɰ֮ЫĿǰɱﵡ
ȻЫҲȫûֶΣͺñþͷŵˮľȽϼɵöǰһǳֶΣֻܴ󡣶һ־ͱȽ鷳ˡҪʱʱ̵̿ע⣬һܻȡһսʱ򣬳ɰ֮Ыİٻݺɰ編ΪˮľӦ⡣ΪϸԭˮľѾʹȫҩκε͸֧ҩֶˡģʽûϸֻں̶ܴӳʣЧʣʵĶˮľһʱ䣬ǣٴδģĴ̼ĻģʽҲȲˮľˡ
鷳ĶҩԴʹûб˺ԹĴɱ֪ٴڶҩ֮¡
Ȼˮľ鷳ʹøþ޴ȫҩˮľҲû׼ΪʲôŮ־ˣ˼ǿ⣬ٳʦĸֹŹҲǲ˵ɰ֮ЫóΧĻܹЧİˮľģŮ־˵ĳӡ
˵ˣȻʲôлǾͷǳĪĳȻǣһȺ˵ӵӦֱ̾ΪֹǿӦڷֳʹһµĻУѸȡ㹻Ľ֤ж
ٳʦ֮ԲǰŪսַǳĶԭŮ־ôüĻѸٵӦľݵģģĳȺ֮Уܻðһĸ壬Ȼٷֳ߽ԴݸĻ棬ˮľΪ»صŮ־˺ʵ
һҪͻƶɰ֮Ыʱ򣬻ڶôЧ˺𵽵ЧЩʱ򣬲һˮľģʽĲ
տʼʱʱҪ˵ЭˮľҲԣģʽЧжǿ
ȣˮľͺһ㣬ԣͳɰ֮ЫΣյļһﲫһڹǣʵ˷Ĳ£Σµľܣ޴һӴͣҲܵļʴߣͨߵʱʾǣԳɰ֮Ыʱ򣬿ܵı֮ϣ󲿷ֶǴġܵĿԿΪ͵Ĺϵһǿöֻ࣬ҪӴܵ϶࿳˿ڣԲ̫ͨҰ޵ʣͼֲ˶ãҪˡ
ԣܣˮľֱӵȻʼļǿֻͨ״̬µĲܣɵɫۼ״ɢ͸ϣ޴γһ޴Ķƣˮľͽµľǰ֣£תĹԣ޲ʾ䲻ͬѰıʡ
ߣȴҪ洿Ԥϰ
ˮľƽӹɰ֮ЫΪһʦʵҲòȥȶԣЫ츳Ҫõö࣬Ҿḻˮľ֮ȣҪöˡ
žɰ֮Ы棬һ̶ҲˮľܹһһĲģʽ
ɰ֮Ыʱóһֿܣ赲ˮľѹڲ֮ϣûвκЧĲܣͲͨĵܹƻġ
žһĿ񱼣żצϮĿĴ֧顣
սȷʵЧԲûսĳɰ֮ЫȷʵѹƵЧˮľҲһ
Ԥвûдɰ֮ЫȷʵһζԸҪһ㣬ô˵ı壬ˣ
ɰ֮ЫıܣȻǿӲƻǿܵıʾ;ˣȻҪǿӲöࡣʼˮľ˾ȻǿĻݣѾʮֿɹˣȻûֱЫڷϲҲֻǽջ˲٣Ǳȴûܵ˺
ֱУߴЧȻû취
ݵıܣƾˮľʵҪûʵǿѡԭУͨеж٣޼ҪûĻݻߴΧǿԻСмӾѪ츳ĻȻ˵٣ǾȻǿĻݣûӦսϵĻҲȻ̫á
ͻϮˮľƺû׼ɰ֮Ыֱӱһķɡ
أˮľһǺ֮ת۾Ϯ޴ĻȻ£ȵĻ࣬ȼ˸һУȻ󽫳ɰ֮Ыɡ
ʮӣȼյĻŽϨ𣬶ɵĿӵף¶Ѿսĳɰ֮Ы
ô׵ıˣףԣȻǱ壿
ǰЫȻֻһݵĿܣˮľҲǴһеĿܣȻҲģĶǸðƻ
ɶ񰡣Ȼ£Ҫҵĸ֪ôĻԲ
ɴˣˮľҲǷˣģʽһǿġֱսٶȣָȻĸ֪ǿʱƣˮľоôȥ̫ʱ䣬۶ԿȻˡȻģʽ֮ЧҲˡҲἫļǿԼȻ֪ģʽ֪ȻȷʵͶʮƣǿɵĶ
ˮľԼģʽõһҲʾˣڵĲӲβ޲ͨ־ļ壬ԲٿصȻҪάһıЩԼ̫ľҲʹԼľ֪ˡ
Ȼûʮȫʮ鰡
Ȼͱɰ֮ЫˣһѡˮľҲʼһЩԴҰġսǻ۷棬Լȷʵ츳ļһĶ֡
ʧȥ˳ɰ֮ЫӰһΣյ飬ڰĿʦԶȳĿʦҪΣյĶࡣûıɰ֮ЫҲɵɵĺˮľײ뷨ֱó˴ͳʦս
ˮľѰҳɰ֮ЫԼܵĹʱ򣬺󷽵ͻȻߴ󺰵ˮľӳ棿
棿ˮľһæ̧ͷ۲죬ȴ۵ջԴ˳֪ʶķˮľֻλε̫ˮľڵס˲ֹߣ۾ϸĹ۲죬ڷ̫ŵһСڵ㣬ڵѸٵת۾ͷɵˮľǰȻһϸ顣
ɰϮôȻڻѵĿӰɰ֮ݵķΧô󣿡
ɻɻˮľҲûţϽܵķ赲ɰĹҲûˮľʧȻʱ⣬ûܹȫ赲ס޴ĹǣٴĽ͵乥ٶȣҲʹĽ͡
ˣˮľҲûоţģʽ޴ӳ֮£ɰϮߵˮľһȭУ汻еһСֱ֣ӱƬȥʣµĲֵɶȥڲԶĿյϣȦ֮ͣ
쵰Ȼ顣
ȻˮľɰϮĹػ˹ȥǣˮľɲվڵϵġˮľ徭ļӳ֣ʴߣԿɰϮⲻ󣬵ǽµľܿɾһǿͨҰޡǿ׳ɰϮķҲֱӱſ˵ϣˮľķܿкöദˡԣʱǲָܻսˡ
ͨͨްȻǲá
ܾ޴ƣҲԼ԰ɵľݵʱ򣬱ֵҲǿȦɵ㡣Գɰ֮ЫһֱӾſˡ̫ˡ
ѣˮľͨþʧԺ⣬ɽկǱߣȻᴦãؼĻˮľߵġ
ΣǸʦıģֵаսˮľԵġ
Ҳ֪ӳϸĹ۲һᣬȻûҵЫı塣
ûзôܣԳɰ֮ЫܹӵбܹˮľǾԲŵġΪͲľ崫Ĵ˵е۾ҪôԵĻͲ䴵ţǿ֮ˡ
ǣкüɵĶڰ۵Ĺ۲£ͷֱ治ĸǱ塣
Ȼôһ֡εĽͣˮľʱ˳ɰ֮ЫĴ㡣
Ȼ㲻۵Ĺ۲죬ôͶն۵Ĺ۲ǳڶľͲĲֱ治ͬĸ塣˵һ࣬Ҫƭ۲ףǳɰ֮ЫһǱ嶼ǿܵš֮Ķ㼸ʵ̫ˡ
ž˵ս츳ôսһΣϾһӦ֮ߡԺĵˣּһô鷳


157 ŵ
Ы˵ֻҪһβܹ䳹ɱǸĻᣬôսĹ̾ͻʵȼľֵЧʳߵ֡
ΣһҲ˿ߣܲҵԴͷڿʦ˵ݿܵĲ˿ߣǼΪҪĴڣزã˳ϱҵȻɱ
УҲͷҡҡͷ
ô˵Ӧܿ˿߰ɣ
ܿҵԴͷѡ˵ֻҪ벻̫ԶԲΪеİۣҵ˿߻ǱȽ׵ģи⣬αװܶ࣬Ͳ֪Դͷ
ˮľеʧǶһҲԤƣɰ֮ЫȻѾս׼ûϸ֦ĩڵС¶šʦݿܵĲ˿ʵѣвʵõСɣˮľԼᣬϿ˿ȻˮľԼõ죬ֽһ̶ȵĲƾͿյСɣûɰ֮Ы̶ֳȵĿʦʹáЩǷֲ˳ɰ֮Ыıڵġ
źˮľ۹ԹΣȻŮ־˵ͣһᣬҲû־ԡ
۶ҲԳ˵͸ˣȻӵĲ֪ܲûκ̣ͷֱ治ʲô̫Ķ
ڰˮľǰʵ̫ͷˣԼʵ㣬Ļս鱨ƣԵ˵㣬ܹǿЧһΣڳɰ֮ЫǰѵõһھԵ·ʱ򣬱˸ˡ
ΣŮ־˺ɽҶ鱨أӦɰ֮Ыıս⣬Ϊʲôӣϴεһֻ۸̵̫ӡڸ߹ҵʵɡ
һϸڱ仯һӦɵĺˮľ鱨ѹԽԽȵԼ𽥿ʼ̨ǰʱʼԼսƵˡһΣˮľҲ֪ǳɰ֮ЫԼֻǳڽСĵ˼պûˮľ߰ˣǡ÷ˮľԸⷢ״
ģʽˮľĸ֪Ҳߣֳɰ֮ЫĻ᲻һ϶٣Ǿܹ壬ֻһˮľս͹ǺˣûģʽļӳɣˮľʵĿӰ˿ܣʤ㡣
ˮľô죿ɽҶҲĿǰҪҪɰ̿£
ɽҶĽ飬ˮľŤͷһɰǱߵսǶͷɶѾɰ̿ʼ֣Ŀǰ̽׶ΣָžſķɶεĹͱˣҾƺҲе㲻ķɶΣҲóȻ¡һǿĵˡǶƺڹ۲ƣڸ״ö֪ƵƵˮľߣ˵Ŀ˸оЩڡ
ʱҪˮľɽҶĽ飬Ƕͷɶβһȳɰ֮ЫöԸڣˮľԸЫʱԷɶκͽǶ
Ƕʵ̫ɱˣƻִ󣬷ɶθǶԲ˽鱨˵Σ̫ˣԼʱԼһչ˵ù߻һϲʱӦÿ£ˡ
Ӧô죿а£ʵڲӦԡ
⣬ˮľҲʵڲ֪ôشźáͳɰ֮Ыôţ϶ˡΪʲôô㣿һõķ𵽵ãԹģˮľɽկҪûˮľҪڵĳɾ֪ͣҪ϶ٱɰ֮Ы϶ŵĿĿܷŵڶʵ壬ҾԷֱص㡣Ǻһ֣˼ɵȻܷʵҪȱ١ǶһҲѾǿöˡÿһγɰ֮ЫϮˮľòȫԸֱܷسӵ쾡£ڵûҵı֮ǰÿһ⣬һСģе͵Ϯ
ټٵսʽˮľڻԸˣû뵽ԼҲ䵽ز
취Ļ϶ǲеġˮľɽҶ˵Ȼͨѻ־˵ĳӣһεİۣ˳Ų˿ߣԿɵķλ̽
ĿǰҲֻ취ˡҲֻȨ֮ƣϾˮľģʽ·ߵĴײˣֿɵõĶĲľһصĸϢǿĴǺӴĲвСĲࡣʱ֧ŲסĻľҶߵսǺĲɰ֮Ыġ
ˮľʱɰҲս
֮ǿôû뵽ȻĹȻֻЫļһͬһ֯ȻȫǹС
ɫĿ˿һߴĽǶ˸տʼɰʱʾ˾޴֮󣬾Ҳûˡ
Եʱ仯ӦôӦã˵ǵǿ߰
ûб¶ԹݵԣǶƾѾ㹻ѹ̽ľ󲿷ˡȻڲ֪ʲôɶͬսŲʣľҶǱߵսӸȤҲɻѡ
ڵһԷɶǲܲ˵ܾ˵ƴ򷢣ʵҲûʲô̫õİ취ӦλзɶΣôһҪλɶҲһӰģԽսԽ£ƺԸԼʹżһĿ󣬿Եķַɶεľ״̬
ȫ޷жΪʽôѰ˰
ǽƫ˵µ˲öԸµ˲ƣ޷жϵ˵ʲôֵԸһࡣ
÷ӡǲܺ͵˾̫ãʱ䳤ˣᱻġȻһӮɶλǿģɱɥʧսôټȥûκˣԱ߻һĽǶ
ˣǣƵ˵ǰ̫ˡ
ã㶯һ㣬Ǽֲ˶õġ
ҲɡһԵǶȷʵûаæ˼ҲеĵջעʼȫԸɶϡ
ʵ˵ԷɶεʵҪǿµĲԣԼ˾ƾѪʵȫóҲǿǿٶȶּ˵Ѿˡԣ浶ǹĶԸ̣ɶĻӦˡ
ȷҪҰæôɶΣһԵĽǶջ˹۲ˮľͳɰ֮ЫսĿ⣬תͷԷɶʵ
ˣȻӦ
Ǻðɣ㶯㣬ȻỹҪԷɶεĥĥ䣬ǶҲһֱǳԼȷʵûҵʲôķɱҲֻŷɶθֲԴˡ
ľҶɰ̷ֱʱȻѡ˰۲սķչ
ôоǲǱˣĺҪҪϴǶУǰˣûнѡ˹ӣȻˣʵҲܺңľҶɰֳĻ򰵵ʵҲȷʵ˵ӣô岻ŲʣΪ˵ʵеѿˡ
šĿǵսĲɵ˵ҲǺ£ôǿǿܵʧ
߳˳ʵǷǳǿ󣬵еŽϻܹ֮ܺõĽƷӳսʱʵǷȱ忿һ֣𵽼ѵЧǣǵֶζԸĸֵʱͲһˣпܻɱģ˵ʵһ£Ŀǰ̶ֳȵĵˣʵѾ˿ƿԸıսֵĳ̶ˣʵĲĶʵѾ޹ؽҪˡĿǰҲֻгͺսҲֻһ㸨ˡ
ǣǾôţڵЩż˳Ļ˵ˣϴ˳ȥĿҪˡвסϴĻߣ͵ɱǰӵʱûбɱ׷ɱֻΪûж̫ΣҲû̫Ĺڵϴ鱨ڲͬˣϴѾS̵ݣΣյ֯ҿʼ̴嶯ˡ
ٹ˼ɾĻܶ˵ĲͱľҶңҲβ޵ģһֹһֻľҶṩ鱨硰֯Ҳ嶯֣ôεϴôһǿսˣǲǺʣʵڲ˵ˣ飬ŵϴһľҶṆ̀ľҶɰ壬ǾԲͬġ
롣ĻʵҲеȻ˳ǲоһûеǱҲڵĵҲֻնҲ˵
ľҶ£һСᣬճ˾
ô᣿Ӧúʵǿɰϰɣ
㻹̫ˡҡҡͷɰȻ濴ʵǿ󣬵ǵĵ˸Ӽ֡෴ľҶֻʱ˴˸ֲܶûзӳˣҪһ㣬Ǿɰ岻ΣǱ⣬ΪǸˮľΪʲôɰѰæ


158 ǿߵ־
̵ܹĸ֣սǻ۶̫ΪѵľҶˣûɰæ쳣֣ҪôˮľǴҪôɰǱиΣմڡ
ǣ˵߲ͷϷɣΪʲôûеϮأĿǰ״ǳĲ⣬˵ɰǱΪ˶ȡβ޵Ļ˵ĹȥľҶǱΪʲôᱻԣѵҲʲôǳмֵĶˣôһ֪
˵ж֮ǰ鱨ûᵽ⼸ĽӴҲûзľҶǱʲôֵĶڣôɹĿԲ߲˵ջ͸ȫɱһʵ̫ˡ
һǲò²ˣľҶ飬ңľҶϵܱӸҲģСС߼岻֪ж٣һЩмֵĶΪ棬ͿǸˮľ̵ս̬ѵһĶ˿ѣҲ֮⣬ʱûʲô鷳
ǺðɣȻȥǱߣҪ֧ԮľҶ𣿡
ʵ֧ԮǱõϴ͹ˣңҹҲ̫ãĿʦԶǴı塣ֻҪҵڵλãͲõˡţķԸǹȥæҲֻһ˳ˮ飬΢ʾһ͹ˡ

Թ仰ʵ൱еģȻһᣬˮľҵ֢ڡ
˼ά˼άôôͺԵĲٿĴԡ
ɷϵǣˮľģʽоģƴ˴յģʽȻҲˮľԼĳˣǣ˵ȻԺĳڵ鷳Ѿˡڵʵ̫鷳ˣһǲȱٵĶβ޲Լ֪ȻĻԼ٣ǲûУִ޵еḶ́Զβ޲鷳ҪöࡣĵľһĴ
һ־ˮĸΪļ־壬һβ޲鷳ҪѴľά־ԼȻƽ⣬Ҫ־Աʴۻ귨а汾Ѿ¹⼲ˣԾѹȷǳĴ󡣼ʹˮľԼϵģѾ˲СĵԭȻû̫ĸı䣬óֵ⻹ǻУˮľɲΪʹģʽͽԼľҵһ㡣ҪöҪųĲٿأһˮľ͸ԽҪǾܳʱĶ
£ɢ̫עˮľ״ʱ򣬽ʧݣҲ;вСĹϵ˷ģʽһЩȻĲٿҲΪ죬ԭеҲҪʲôͨʩҲսпٵʩչһŵ㣬ҲΪģʽķ⣬³һЩӦóֵë
һֱˮľǿеʱ򣬶Ǵڲ潻״Ϊʵ㣬ܶԵȽսֻܹһδεıǿϧܾҲҪﵽĿġһһεĳɹˮľÿսҪֱȥϰߡ
ǣһγɰ֮ЫԼܶսʱˮľȻҪҵһȴóģʽˮľʵѾǰȫͬնˡʵԼȫԶԳɰ֮Ыǿһչ湥
ǿһ㣬ͬʱҲ㣬ֻҪƣϵƣͲǵ˿׷̵ġ
ɰ֮ЫıԲҲһûǣûսĳɰ֮Ыһ͹ȡһĿҲˣˮľ𲻵õġɽҶ̶һڵսҲԿϳ˶һѿƬͲܶľҶ̫˺
£û˰ٻݵǿ˿ܣҲֻĿӰɰܹ֮ˮľɾԵΣˡ
ˮľںͿܵľУżϮɰϮɰɢľҶҲˮľһʱæңҲˮľͻȻʶԼȫûбҪǰһսսŵƣֱӽĿӰ˿ܻƣôʵ½һصĳɰ֮ЫˮľͲҪˡ
ԲҲܲܽҵӰ˿Ҳɣ磬ûôɰ֮ĿӰĿܵɣ
ˮľɰ֮˿ܣȷʵأһᣬͱˮľҵڡ
ȻҵĿ꣬ˮľҲͲԥԸɽҶŮ־˻μѰҳɰ֮Ыı壬Ȼֱӳǰ˹ȥֱȡĿӰ˿ܡ
㻹ҪҪðű¶ķգ˿ܡ
ԭгɰ֮Ы̬֮ĵԿŷͬһȰĿӰ˿ܣƺŲһĸ顣
ȻѾ˶ԳѹƣɵɵѰҶı壬̫޴ˣֱӽɰ֮ЫǿܶƻôЫҲûôˡŵĿʦû˿ܵİģҲǷһʷĿʦҲһ
ˮľģʽµ״̬ٶȺߵ£ѣͻٶȣҲһܹӦġգ֮䣬ˮľͶĲܣڵĿӰ˿ǰûκεĻɣֽգһȭӹȥƣƺҪӰ˿ܴ顣ǧһ֮ʣɰ֮ıʾ˳һɰγɵĸϿʼ赲ˮľȭ·ϡ֮ķȻ޷ȫ赲ˮľĹҲΪɰ֮ЫĲṩ˷Ӧʱ䡣
Ӱ˿ЫĲ֮£Ѹٵķˣ֮֮䣬Ƕʯ쾪һȭ״ҲˮľԤ֮ڣĿӰɰ֮ˮľ˵ɰϮ޴ӲӲķʽˮľҪԴģɰʱ֮࣬ԸһεĶ֣൱ãҲǷǳõĶԸΧֶΣˮľĲǰĲ̫Ļᡣ
ˮľµĲЫĶڰ޼ɵĹʱ䡣׷űķʽҪǻˣˮľ϶ôɣԸʦ൱Чģû˰ٻݵЫı壬ˮľʹģʽɽҶ̵İҲаպͳɰ֮ЫٴһȻǰǽɰ֮鷳ųǰ¡
˲£ЫҲûţֻӰ˿ֵĻؿʼѴɵϵߣĹΧ뼫Ĺ٣ʹˮľ޼ɵĽҲٵı仯ֱصķ俪ʼбӡĻҲʼ¶ǰֱֻչһƬӴ󵽿µľֱƾճֱ֣۵ļԼϸŵĵߵĵϣɫĹԶо綾
ֻЩľֱѸţƺҪڱˮľǰйһǵصϮ
ֶôܶãҪǱصĶذɣôԸ
ݡ֮ˮľѸٵĽӡֻ޴ĻѸٵĳͣȻӭľֱ۳˹ȥģʽƵȻļӳ֮£Ѹٵ󣬻ɫҲɺɫΪٻɫٱɰɫɵɫ۵ĸоҲԽԽɴĿɫ˲䣬ͽľʵֱ۸ˡ
ǿBģʽİ汾ˮľҲ൱⣬һ£ôĻݣʱ仯ҲǲôĹΧγɵĳƬĵЧˮľƽʱƼʱ仯СᲢ۵ġ
һ򵥵BȻļӳ£ֲֿôҲSŵжжǿη尡
ĿӰ˿ܵǧֲ䱻ˮľĻǿƻʱˮľ治ͬѰĵط
á
ֻеֱѸٵıٻǣһıԲˮľɵЧ
ʶˮľѸٵĺˣȻˮľУűըһƬϺɫĶ˳ŻȼˣѸٵɢת۾ͽһƬС
ǧֲ𲻵ЧֱӾأŻݵѸɢôա
ַʽҲֻǳɰ֮Ыŷðˣ£Ҳסʲôˣ󱬷һ£˵ҲһЧֶڻУҲѸٵıձʣȻѸٵʧֻɢĵǵĴڣǺܿ죬ͲٶΧʲôΣˡ
ȵһж䶨ɢȥҲϨʱ򣬲ԶԳĿӰ˿ǱӰ϶ദյýһƬһΣƾҪ׵ıˡ
ǿߵսʽԼڳЦ־ŲؾֻıƵʱԭԼҲߵ˼ά԰Σ鱨սȷʵҪǼǿ־ӭѶϵҪĶ
ˮľ׼ʤ׷ʱͻȻֻĻɹһЩϢ
屻ˣˮľЦһʱ֧Ųס¶ǹⱩ¶ңҲ̫С˰ɣԼ׼þʹҴææᱦǲ侲Ŀ־ҪûֶεĻܾܿҪร
ʵ˵ɰ֮Ыֶ˵ͦ࣬Ը֣õľٻݣɰ֮ͶҩսżȻ̫󣬰ٻֱӱϣˮľǡǲ̫ɰ֮ͣٻݶˮľ˺󡣶ˮľƫ˷ģʽǡòһЩ̰壬ҲṩˮľԿɰ֮


159 
Ʊ仯֮죬˳ҲĳˮľԤϡˮľԤУȻģʽǿƣھԵռƵģû뵽ЫĿӰ˿ܱиƣҲǳɰ֮ЫûһЭͬսҶˮľƻҲԤƲ㣬ûɰֱ֮ӱˡȵֲԵʱѾ̫ˡ
ģʽߵȫλʵ̫ǿˡ
ȫȫıϵͲͨ׶ԿġʵʾԶͨһָӸߵȵʵߣȫλߡ˵ͨĲѾͨ˵ķˮ룬ǿżŵԿס˵ûоͳɲ˸֣̽Ѫ޽ʤ츳Űǣһֱָ֣Դһִɱ
ôСģķ񰡣ûıȻŻɰ֮˿ܱӣĮ鰡
Եľƣɰ֮Ыûгʵ˵Ľ̶ȡѹֻôֲȻһֱ档ֻҪԾƲʵʱ˻Լվ֮СԭУΪʲôսҲǧ˻С롰ĸĿܣ˳ɰ֮ЫĿ־ɣ
ǰǸȻңʵϻвսĿӰ˿ܣˮľҲûе˼ֻҪ岿ֻڣܹʹɰ֮ǾͻǸ˶ɵǿƾɰԼҵĶԣκʱ̶ӡ
ôˣɰ֮Ѿûڴڹ̬ˣһɰɵڣΧһȦƲɰɵϣǳײԼˣеֶεĻ޻ɵӲӲĶײ˿ܸͲǶ֡
ȻǾͲ㱾ˡ
˵ˮľҪٴʹȫֿǱĻӣˮľɲԻ˵ɰ֮ķЧãǾȻǿĻݣɰ𲻵ЧཫըǸеЧûм
Գɰ֮Ы˵ԲһϢĿǰЫûʲôЧˮľİ취ֽ˿׷ŵĴ򷨣һʦҪļǱİΣڣΨһǿԿʦ󲿷ʱʦͻǰˡɰ֮Ыʱûз뷨Ҫ˵ΪʲôĻΪмͬ飬ЩһҲȻɿһڴı˿Լֲ֧ȥɡ
űĿӰ˿ܣˮľĳȻʩЧĿǰȻӦΧ㣬ܹΪǿĴ߻ʹãҲǼΪġһܵ͵ӣɷֺɷߵģʽ֮¶Ȼֱãֱ𵽼ǿ֪͹á⵱ȻҪȻĸ֪Ϊ²ʹõȥľɽЧԼϸ֦ĩڵĶʵһܼ򵥵Իˣھβʱʹβ޲γɵĳֱ۹һûʲôѵĵطֻҪ꣬㹻ĸԼӻʵó̫ѡ
ͺñڣˮľգųȻγɵֱۼȭͷϵɰγɵĻϡȻЧȭȭôҲеԽһʱȥ⡣
һɰ֮סˡôҪôŵĿʦ
ȻӮһ״̬ĳɰ֮Ыʲô˲ĳɾͣҲֻڻ֮̽Уˮľȷ˳ɰ֮ЫһֲʵôһִڣӮʵһ֮䡣Ƴɰ֮ЫֻһֻϮĻᣬҲʹսš֯ԱæΧͺˡû뵽ˮľƣֱӾͿʼУ׷ϢĻᣬֱӾóɰ֮ЫĴˡ
ۿɰڱóһƣҪ֧Ųסʱڣڰĳɰ֮Ы̲סˣֻһȵĻˮľķž޴ƻɨһж÷飬ѣˮľֻ÷ͷ飬ˣֲĻݹ
ӦþǾ˰ɣƺǽ󣬻ǲ߶ȼеЧ
֮ڣƽʱ۵սʱĽٵĲͿԿٵͷųǿȻӦ÷ʽǶԳɰ֮ЫһжĿʦ˵ѵõʵüˡ
ˮľʱĳɰ֮ЫϽݵĴСסĿӰ˿ǰȼһƬ𺣣ڵˮľǰķȻѸٽɰϽĿӰ˿ջصߣָűˮľĻյñ˵˿ܡ
óˣɰS̳ɰ֮ЫùֵԸ񣬻ǲ
ЫףһһĮǳЦԶҲıĺ췢ףûʱŴµĺۼ͸һɬ
̣Ыתͷˮľ˵ҼǵҺ벻̰ɣֻʧˣĿӰһ𡭡
ҿΪ˵ЦȻѾȫɥʧǵĹ˵ٶҲûʲôôڵжԽսУǼ˵ʱ仹еġ
ЦȻǧ̫ѾҪץȥˣ
һα¶ôණΪͬӶȻ֪ǵĿʲôɰĵ̣ôĪĿ㣬Ҳˡ
ǻôһЩĪ飿
Ȼ֪ӣ׷󵽵ʲôˮľ˿ɰ֮ЫǸΪһ֮ѵȤĶ˵ӦֺҲڰɣΪν
֪ǵϴģӦðҹȻûҴˣȷʵ򵥣ս̬˾ȣȻôࣿȷʵʧˡ
ʧรУ˵Ĳ˰ɣ̽Ҳˣ㻹ʲô𣿡
ûʵǿԺġɰ֮ЫǸŵı飬˵ȷʵһЩıƵļ
ˮľЦЦٴ֣Ȼֱۼᣬγһ޴ƣĹâƾҪٴιںһ඼㲻ϵļһʵڷĲ£ַ˵Ĺ̽ϻһ˰ء
̫źˣԭΪҵһ֧˵û뵽ǲܵóԸô
֧ˣڵ˾ˮľȻǰӻ޴Ȼγɵֱۣųɰ֮ЫķλȻȥԭҪǾʹߣҲĻᣬ㻹漣ɡ
ˮľģʽٶȣڲľ֮ǰԳɰ֮Ыʦʣôܶùˮľ׷ֻҪɰ֮Ыܣˡ
ȻΪһܲϧգҾûζļһҿɲġ
ôСңðɣȻǾͿ˭ȼֲסɡ
󻰺ݻѾ˵ˣڸõ˶ֵʱ򣬾Ϳ˭Цˡ

ϾǰװŹֵĽǶԸոյһ̽ЧҲԼһ
ߵķͣӲ׵ٶȺǿ͵ߣͷ۰
ֹǿĴƤߣǹؼ汸ͣˮ൱ʱ仯;ƫ򡣲סͷһӵиָĹֶΣڷһֱƿɳ£ҲֻǲǧǿǹѵľڷϼΪ
Ҳʵϵߣһ㶼Ƕ̰ǳٵͣûпɿһɱֶΣɳ־ս
ӿɾ鷳˰ҪҪȥԮ
ɰߵս֣ʵԭûôǣȻ̿ʼ޼ɵĹɶΣӲʵǷȱķɶθӦڱץסһһᣬʹòץ󣬲ʵҲûʲôսˡѣɶβòҽǶæղڽǶİ£
ԭһڵԶֻǵϵı仯ǺܿߵǿתͱڣǶס֧ԮҲָҲ޷ǰһƿؾˡ
ˣҪΪսˣСġ
ȻɶѾ¶˲֮ԣʣʵ൱һ㣬ܹͳɰ֮ЫͬļһԶʵĸߡ£ƲɶλɱﵾǴ¼ˣ˵鱨ʱδ֪Ŀ־壬ԶԶ˶ǿеļɵ
жĽǶҲһʵȻǿ󣬵ǣûͨߵķ룬Դ˵СƼġ֯¶һ㣬ǲԣӦиֶλûб¶


160 ֮ɱ
ԭΪѾ㹻ˣû뵽˵ʵԭԤƣңɰ嵱Ŀ̬ƺԣԭӦøս巴Ϲ۵˼ˡȻ㲻һɢɳҲòĶ飬δȫսȻˣ֯ǽһɢɳݵ쾡µĵ䷶Ϊս˵öԷնĴ㡣
ԽǶӵһЩƵģѾõǿߣһЩظȻɵҲûԳֵѹĻĲһǿģ෴ܿΪʵ㡢Բܱ¶µ㣬ŲòⱩ¶ǰ
ǶȻԣΪ̫õԵʣ֪ʵʵԼͬһʱĸ֣ѾˡȻǶҲһֱԾڵ磬ΪһͽҲ൱ʵʵȣǵСȦʵֵһᡣ
ڸûоȫĽǶƴһɶεɱﵣȻܶ࣬ٶ̫еĻԷľûв֮˱˾ƾѪ䣬ǱĽ֡ȻĿǰΪֹûʲôرУɰ̵ĹʵҲǳ֮ͲܱͨĹɱһηӡķɶΣӵˡУɶɲ֮ϵƣɰߵģһĽ˱
ôȥˣӳݵλ͵ľҶԮɣ߳ǿ£
ľҶǱƺתҲȥˡ̾Ҳ˵Ϊӡߵľ仹һŮߣϵƣӦüΪѡ۷ɶȴԽսԽ¡ϵģƣĵ˱ȵý¶ս֪öʵ׵ǿڷɶϡ
ʵǿһַ֮л裬ϮĽǶˣȻٵĺ˻ϣ˳Ʒζξ䣬ŽǶͷɶεĹ
֮Ĺʵ̫鷳ˣȥӻϡʱûƷɶεֶεĻˣ϶Աһɰе
˵ɱɶεģʲô취ĻôֳУֻзӡܹЧˡԭҰ޻Ǹѡ񣬲ڵ̫˵㣬޷ȫʵɰǸöҪҰǿһ㣬Ըɶ˵Ǹð֡⣬ųغ׵Ļ˵а취һβĲУ˴Ŷݣһ־ԵľǷӡغϵĻ˵а취ǣβæѶʵ̫ˡ
Ұ޺־ϡпȥˣôѧҰޣǼ˺ֻҪҰ޻ڣɰͻϣ
ѾԸǷɢˣӦúľҶһˡȻ̫ãǻûеҪæʱ򡭡
Ǿͺã߰ɣ·ǵסҡʵǿŵʵټA֮УԹǿԷӵ쾡£ҪǺи費ϵıļ̽綼ҲǿķߡͿԭܹɱر¹⼲֪

ľҶߣǵĿܱòʱӭ֧Ԯ
һΣľҶˣˮľصضѡһЩֶڶ࣬ױƵ͡ӵаۼȭΣȻ̫ʺ϶ԸѪ֮ĿܣжϿƿܵĲ˿ȴ൱򵥡Ů־˵ĳԿҲ൱Чֱ̱ܵҲǼΪǿġɽҶΪر̵սݡͨ൱裬ԭܹýǶͷɶæҲԳɰ˹ꡣʵɼһߣҪǲģʽˮľҪӮס
İæһЩͨĿܣر鷳顣
ΣˮľӳǱôˣߵС鷳ɽҶʼˮľǱߵˣȻ֪ˮľʵ൱ţǸոǱ߱Ķʵ̫ˡ޴Ļݣһξ붼ԸоһϮ
ãǸʦѾƳˣƺˮľӳûд·硣δҪȥæ𣿡
ɽҶȻ˵ʱҪȻûʲôΣգͲҪ
ḻɽҶǵˮľС
ΪɱκˣҲΪ˴ﵽʲôĿĵأֻҪȴӵĽһָʾ͹ˡʱǵһҪڻֻǿп޵ĸƷӲľ͹ˣľҶ£һɰ塣

ˮľͳɰ֮ЫսΪǵģʽΧɰ֮һ൱ֲһˮľûм˹ĻиʮԴԣˮľҲս΢Զһ㣬Ҫˡ
˱İģĿӰ˿ܵԴˡ٣ǰһֻܹˮľĹ֮Ǳú޻֮ڣܹһЩķˣȻ࣬Ҳܹڶ֮࣬ɰһûɰܷΪɰɢ͸ˮľΪˡӲӲɰϮ͹ټɰʱ꣬ˮľǰûʲôЧֱܼӵĽѾɰǿֵ߰˰ˡڣһɰֻǲˮľڻڳɰ֮ЫĲ£ˮľķ򲻶
ΪֱɰôҩÿֱܱƻҲֱ̱ĴĶѵҪûգ
ݱûرĲǣ汾ĻõȻҪ֪ģҲǱ˲ˡǰ˶λݣȥ˵ɰ֮Ыս츳ߵļһʲôӦԷ
Ѱ찡ǲҪӳ飿ɱ
˵һĳ̶ȣҪȫƴĻһҪɱһʵǷǳѣΪܹ󲿷ߵľӢ̲ΣĵֶξԲȱٵġһ˵Ļսʱͻ÷ǳĳ
ˮľҲ鷳ɰ֮Ыˮľ˵ѣˮľǿѹԵռϷ磬ǣɰ֮ЫҪʱʱ򣬶ˮľͷǳ鷳ˡסˮľĹǶҪĲλĹ㹻ˡ廵ˣԻһһԭظ൱գ֮䣬ǰȫ׷ˡ
ȥҪ⡭
ģʽȷʵˮľ˽⵽ʲôǿߵսǣֶǽӴĲϵġ£ˮľ֧ȥ֧Ų̵һʱ䣬ǣôĵġڳĲгɰ֮ЫнǶͷɶǿУڻûİֶ֣Σö֪ĸɾĻʵڲһǵѡ񣬵ֱֲӳˣһûʲôĳɹĻͿˣܺܿĸɵЫҲҪĿӰ˿ܸˡ
ˮľ׼ƴһѿѲȡһԵսʱͻȻһʴˮľĽࡣ
ھۼһˣˮľŰзĳӴݳϢ˺ǿҪӦô
ףƺе㲻ԡתһˮľͻȻƺ⡣ɶκͽǶòƶûгȫɣڻûпǶľ޴ＰִıңôܻϣǲѶô
ʶԵˮľϽظϡһֱηηĳɰ֮ЫƺѵõĻָһ߼ֻˮľȥ·ϡ
ɣֻҲңˮľڿûЩ߰Ķֱײؿ񱼡
Ѿ˰ɡ洫˳ɰ֮ЫһĮҸո˵ĻЧҪԸĻǿԽź
źΪѾӮˣ
ǵรһʼǾӮˡǸͲ֪Ϊж˶
ôҲû̵ʲôôʧء
ҲֻҪͬ⣬Ķ޹ؽҪĶ
㻹ôƶ˾ˣԳɰ֮ЫȷžԼһֻۣˮľ൱⡣
нľĸ壬㲻ĶѲ˵ĴôŪֶֻˣ˵Ҳա
⻰˵ˮľԶԡЫĳ;ͬһ۹ͼʶˮľҲ˵ûľǷּҵˣͬʱסģɵ˵ġڼȻҲ⣬˷ּҵıȻҲҪܵεԼ
û뵽˿õĺãҲ˵ˮľܾ˳ɰ֮Ы飬أڷֳʤ֮ǰǾԲܺκν׵ġ
֮ôԸ裿ĸǰ¡
˵ǣʤδ֡
Ҿͺúÿ㷭̿ɰ֮Ыˮľɳ۶ȥȻ󲻼ĸں棬Ҳˮľٶȡ
ɰ֮Ы˽һҪ
ˮľ¶ġЫʵһֵģǰéһǣκĸţֻ侲Ŀʹ֪Ϣ˶ԼĻŲػҪ鷳ǱԲɰֹŪˣԾͲһѭ浸صļһһߵ˱Сı˾鷳ˡ
ûˮľϵԶԶľͿһ𣬵ɫĹĻɵĻǽһȺ˳׵ΧСˣһЩͬѰĶ
Ϯ֮ûǼӵĳˣѵҪϾɱ
ļٵˮľϸĿ˿־Ȼ˽


161 ֲ˶
Ȼмܶùģ
Ѿʱˮľڶμˣֽɱһ㣬ǿؼǴⲿѱơĻڲý˵Ĳĸɾ֮ǰҲõıƻ
ֽ绷ʵ̫ʺΪʹˣһΣ֯ķͺмƻˣͨɺϺƣĴ󲿷սһ򾡣״²ϴҪȻҲҪץΪ˲ϧ¶ĵҲҪϧ
侵Ϯ֮뷨ʱսϽǶɶεʵ䲻֮ĳǿսҪֲȴʵǿ£ӵոսô
ȵˮľʱȷʵѾ̫ˣȼˣûܹùȥġ
ˮḷ̌ˡ
һɰԼľҶΣеĶķǰߵһˮľԹ
ܿϧˣҪǿٶͺˡ
ôĻˮľÿɷתͷʵô£ܹİ۵Ĺ۲죿
ʲô߿ֻҪвӦڰ֮£ӦβŶԡ
ǰûзǣǲ֪ǵ˵ĺ֡ν͵ɰͽǻϵʱͷ˽硭
Ⱦͱڲô
εĽͣˮľҲ൱ͷۣԭĳԾΪ˲ͽû뵽ʵʩУǱôĿӣʵûй¶ʵֻжӳͼ˲֪ࡣ
ڷս֮ҲԹκˣԭκŮ־ˣ̶ܴϣΪ˷ֹû뵽ûá
ЩΣˮľοⲻĴҿǲܣʧˣ㲻Ҫϡ
šЩĵĵͷһS񣬳˸տʼ˷ܣּ˶Լľɥ
Ҳ֪־ôˡ
̫ġˮľ˵ɽҶʵʱӦⲻ־ǲٳʦһ㲻ԿұǿҪģô硣
Ǹص⣬ԼҪƣʵ̫ˡ˵һСҼǿ̣ôַܺĹʩߵĲеˡʱǡǡǽȱĶĿӰԳնôǿʵʩչֱӻƣҲǿԵġ۷ʱڵӰ飬ڳ˶ԶˣˮľģʽҪƶ൱ףǾʵؼûǿƽ磬ΨһóĻݣԸͬĻԽʵġˮľƽ磬֪Ҫʱ䣬˶Ҫˡ
鷳ĽôľҶصĶ᣿־Ҳ̫˰ɣ
֪ˮľֶ֪̫ΣģȻ̽ĻʵսʱзӣԲ㣬־ⷽ淢չĲ࣬ͨľ͸ˡ
ֶľҶĶ֪֯Ҳ˵ùȥľҶĴ֮һǲߵŲԼõǲߴ󲿷ֲƸǲķӡԺŪóȻҲ⡣
̿ԵʱǿĿӰԳն鷳飬ȴҪˮľͷˡ
ãס˶࣬ķΧҲȽϴӦģܽķǿȻʵ͡ôΧάֽģòҲֻǼͨߣӦķ̼͸֧壬ҪȻάֲôġ
ʱһԸȽѵĺҲͬеǳĵǡ
ˮḷ̌ôܴƣ˵Ҳóӡͽ̰ɣѵûʲô취ô
ˮľ˺һۣƽشÿ߶֪ںԵĲʱ仯ܻѪ޽磬мܹ
ô˵Ҳûʲôð취ʱеǳʧ
ȻҲеģõĲңңһͱȴƽ簲ȫ١
ˮľ˵ķ򵥵ģȻǷųһβغˡˮľҲ֪ǿʱҲβޡغһɱһ˵׼ˡʱһ飬治ô
ι˵ҪҺòáһԵˮľⶼش𣬻һǵģòٴʾڸУҺôҲ̴̰ɡ
ѣˮľƺ߻һˣתͷ˵̣û˵ɣҺܺ棬ô㿪ģ
ܹģҲˣ۵ԣʹܹʱ侯ȻӦ̶ȵıԼܸ塣Ҳǰͬһʱϲһˡ
ΪʲôܶˮľҲ֪ҲΪɺϣҲΪʲôصûбҲ˵ϾʮܹӰǿߣ˻ǿŵġ
ˮľˣһɺϣٶ࣬Ҳ˾̫˼ˡ
Ժԣһξһ˺ܴ𣿡
ˮľȻûиΪʲôᷢ飬ǲˮȷɰ֮ЫƵɰֽš
Ҳ֪˾ȵĵأֹʵǿ󣬶һ˼ƻôһ磬ʵ̫ˡһЩͽ
㻹˰ˡ
ʱˮľûֱӲ𴩵˼ǱԲɰԼߣû¶£Ͳ˻ɣȻҲ˻뵽ˮľʵѾǰֻ֪ܵϢ鱨Ĳʵһ㰲š֪Ϣˮľڽ鱨УȡһЩ벻ôҲ˵
ˮľںӦ̸ʱٵĳɰ֮Ыеˡ
ôľҶˮḷ̌ɰ֮Ыһ¶棬ͱȲĶˮľ˵ҪҪú䣬ǰ˵ô࣬㶼޶ԣҲ࿴ưɣôҪҪúÿһ£
ˣҾ߻ʤ㣬Ҳ˵Ӯˡ
ȻĻҲܹúõˡɰ֮ЫûܹﵽĿҲΣû뵽£㶼֪˵˷ʱ䣬ѵͲһЩִڴӺͬ飬Ҳ˶ô
˵Ϊ˵һеĻõĶֶЩʲôأһ˵磬ôԣ
ôһˣﲻǻвٿô
ܣˮľЦЦѾΪ˴ڵ㣬͸㲻ܶܶĶˡ
ôһòƣǵ֧ͬŲ˶ˡ
ôأûе¡ɲҪСЩ˰
ûСǣ͹˽ǶͷɶεʵˣĿǰʵǾΪǵȫǸͲ˽⣬ңҪɱҲ൱ѵһ顣
֪ô͵ɡ
ˮľҲͲٶ໰ˣûдƣ滹һǿУˮľû˼ȥˡ
ѳɰ֮Ыˣûæˡ
Ȼ뵽ѣû뵽ѵ̶ȡԭΪԼһˮľˣû뵽Լɰ֮Ыϲ˵֯ȻôҰģҲˮľǳľȡϸ룬ʵҲûԵɡΪֹʵֻǻάһ൱ѷʱڣʵҲԭеǿٵ£Ǵ˵е֮ӣڡ֯޵ܹ֯һ֮ʵҲǻΡìأҲһѱ֮ԴжʼӶʧܣĴˡ֯ĿǰΪֹ֯ԹӶģʽڸսϣںò׿ʼһδжôˣȴһ֯ԱĴҲ൱Ĵ󣬱Լ˶֯Ҳǲܵ顣
ĿǰҪ֯˵Լ˶֯ɣôԺҪģϼˡڼҪһɹжԼȻʵʵĳɹβޣ֯ʵţԼǸ˾˵֮ˡ
ˮľЫ֮սٴεĽȥΪ˰ȫˮľܾĺİ磬ʩߵĲΣ䶢Žڲı仯֪ͨˮľԼҲʼһЩԼķʽսľ޴ǿĻҲֱΪֱӲٿȻγɵľ֣β޻ʹþβγɵĳֱһϵ£ϵͼץסЫĿӰ˿ܡ
ˮľЫսûãͻȻһ޴èɰ֣֮ȻɰֱۻȭڽĻǽϣۿҪˡ
ž˵ı仯ˮľҲĿɿڴ
ô᣿Ʊ仯ô죿ôһᶼֲסһβغҪǳˣΣյĿҰ쵰


162 
ȻҪôͳһβغ׵Ļƾͳ׵ˡ˵һβغܵеĳ̶ȣܹβһµģҲһлˮľβ޾޴ʹܹǿȴڳ߶ġȻΪսԭúܴ󣬵β޵ռ˺ܴһ֣ܹغһ޵Ļռ䣬Ѿ൱ˡ
ˮľȵУֻغ׻ȭصĻĻǽϣĻǽǿĻ˺غɰӷǰ̫Σغ׾޴ȴòѡ
ûкɱˣҰ޻ôƻûĵز
ڹ֮»֧ţغ׾޴΢΢ˣ΢ףۼ㹻֮Ȼǰ޴ֱװڽϡȻĥÿҪ֧Ųסڱˡһ̶𣬽ĻǽʼɢϺɫƮɢʧӰ٣ֻʣһصǽʾڹĺۼ֧ͽҲڽķеز²֪
ڽ类׹֮ҲǸеΪȡãĿҪУʲôϮ֮ҪǸãΪϽǶͷɶոͷֶΡĿģһͱƻˡ
Ҿ˵ˣʤδְɣͳɰ֮ЫˮľոһǷɻ֮ͱ˵ĳɰ֮ЫˡȻϥأֳŵأĬĬĵȻоԾЫæĿӰ˿ֱܷɢܡ֮֮䣬ɰ֮ЫովĵͻȻѿһȻɵľ޴ƴͽɰ֮Ыץš
ǿϧһ嶼ûеĿʦֱȻô񡭡
źˮľҲ˵ȳɰ֮Ыʧ͵ϮֵĿܡֻ޴ƺˮľ֮طתһˮľֻȻֱ¶ˮľĲ֮£ֲϻ裬ɰ֮ЫϵԶԶġȻջֱۣһͼӽԼӰǰ
Ҳ̫ϰ˲ߣ̣ҪæǱߡˮľʾһ³ɰ֮Ыķ򣬡ҪͬҲˡ
һʧˣˮľ̡ƺûвˮľĲΣȻƤ˵Ҿһʣһôⲻǹһѵô
ˮľϲļһװһòȻӣʵ᲻ܵ˼
ԭأûָɰ̵ʸġˮľ˶٣Ȼ˵ȻôǾʱסǱǸʦɡ
˵Ц𣿡һŵʵҸͲǶ֣һ˲ܵסİɣ
ô˵ЦǸɰ̰ɣӦúϤŶԣӦúöԸɡ
˵꣬ˮľߣˮľҷĴ󵨵ĺЫ֡ǿУԶߵڹвˮľʱ뱳ɱѵĺڹûҵɵɰ֮ЫݵĿ֮ǰսʵ̫Σˡ
йµˮľΣȻĽսȥ
ǧҪʧһȥǲýˡ

ЩʱɰܲסԿǶͷɶεѹľҶԼ֮ӵ϶飬Ϊ˶࣬ҲǰȻȻ⼸г̣ǿҲˣǻ֮˽⻹ԶԶġ£һЩ֮ıʣȴ˷ӦʱȻˡδɰ̵ʱ򣬳δȵĻᣬѵȺʱڼȲķ
󲿷˱סʱ򣬳ΪҪԶľʱ˹ȥپǷӦѸٵĺƾŹ˵ֱΪڼжڽδȫʱ˳ȥģովһƣսеиʱһˣֻƺȻ˳ȥ
һж֮һ徵Ϯ֮ʼԼƵĶսĳ̶ȣȻĴȻֻҪӦԣһ㲻ΣգϾֻһʱСֶΰˡ
Ƕ˵ĸ쵰ŵĪļƻȵ忪ʼʵķ֮󣬷ɶ¶˼벻׵һ档
˵ҪһʼȡһаˣǸô
Ҫ೤ʱ䣿Ƕ˵Ū꣬˶ܹˡ
ҲûǱߣɶָָˣȻ˵Ȼһ׳һҪΪа˵ļƷ
˵꣬ƺ뵽ʽɶοзһԵĹֽУʾеá
Ҫ˷ʱˣɶΣϽɻɡ
֪ˣͿʼһβ㳤ʱĬ֮󣬲Ҫˣ㻹ûлش𣬵˭Ŷƻ
찲ŵģ𣿡ƿ֯ôȨĽǶ֪ĻǱȷɶζöࡣ
죿Ҳ֪Գѡеôİɣôˣβ޶ûץһֻŪֹϷʵǵʱ䡣ң֯ʱ䣬Ҷ֪ǵĿ굽ʲôץβսҲ֪Ҫʲô
ڷɶεıԹǶ۾ŷɶε˵뷨Σգǲ֮Ļˡ
Ƕү֪ˣⲻǶǸ¶еô
ϣˡǶջߣ˿սȻ˵ǱǸɰŮֲ̿סˣ㴦á
֪ˣͲܹҶһļʹ𣿡
㲻ɱ֮⣬ģȻ⡣
ףǶô˵ǿɲܳ
ƺ½ǶķɶΣֱӾž˹ȥ
սһٺԼľսľʣ޼ĸɾˡʱԷɶͶѪһ߶ԼľĹһ߹۲߷ɶιķ
ȫܿǲˣֻܾ˺ˡ
ʶľԼܹܲĺ͵˾ľֻƴܾö｣΢ˣŬŲ壬ǡñֱܹӿظ
ûȾһԶĽ˹
ע档Сġ
䣬ŶľѣûӦͱɶصС
ͲݶôղŻûгȫôǳ׵˰
еľʱ̣ôΪһ̵ľˮƽЧı̫ص˺
ôˣֵס𣿡ԽԼսҪĳ⣬£ɾ鷳ˡ
ʱûд󰭣ӳܴܹܲȫʵˡ
ǾͺáⲻǺܴ΢ģڳһͨҽˮľֻҪǵǾͻвȵء
ţתͷɰ̷ԸҰޣ߱Ƚɣúðһ
֪ˡҰ޵ͷϮ֮Ȼ棬ǵļޣѪ޽βֶǸƲġ˵һɧţǾͷҰĪˡʵҰޣֻ˻Եľʵ̫ˡ
һߣջѪķɶιЦ˵ǶôҪʼˡ
ѾǽǶүôɶΣ㣬Ǹ̫˷ʱˡ
Ͼͺá˵Ṧ򣬷ɶȡԼصڳì̴ԼƣѪҺʣýŻһķšȻԼվм䡣
֮ĹҪʲô𣿡
ڸոռƣɰ̾ķɶΣһԲϾԲеΪʵǲ⣬ǲ֮ҲõİɣƵ˿ڣôѪʹͲһܹܵġ
ɶûôҵ̫ͣãܿ죬ɶ죬һаĶѪմȾѪȥѪɵվȻ˾ƾѪ沿壬ʼ˹ı仯
ֶƺʶȻ֪ǶвֱҲܹ׽Իᷢܲõ顣
鲻ԵæƲԼľ񣬳ŷɶ߼۶Ȼû¹ôߵ̣ҲоʦԵҲףһ÷ɶε֡
Ĵˣеһλǰ·ϡ
Ҫˡ
ļٵҪʱͻƽǶأǲܵġ
ɶǱߣĪ˷ܵȻЩĹֽ֮һҶˡ
аˣ׼ҪʼˣպüƷҺúʹɣ
а񣬼ƷȻ׾ĺ壬մȾ⼸ʵģԲк³Ȼ֪̬أȻֻŷɶνڳìԼĸҪ
һ˾֮󡣴һߵľͻȻʹסԼĸƵķ϶дѪʼ˳
ͬĵ£ʶ˷ɶεֶΣԼĲ֮ķ˺ô˾ɱ֮
Ȼ֪ˣҪԹ𣿡
ôܣն˵ɰȻľҶܴ󣬵Ҳ̴֮һǵĽǾôıɱ
˵꣬תͷҰ˵Ҫԥˣغ׵ɡ
һʦͬʱҲһͽҪչ¸Һ͹ʱҲԥķĵơ
Ұ޵ͷҰҲԼܹܺõĿغףҲûѡˣ˿ܻõĻҶˡ


163 β޵Թ
غǾ޴ɰֵ֮ʱ򣬾޴ѹȸбƵ˷׷׺˷ɢܹβսֱӺβ޽ģ˿ģʽˮľ˵Գһ֮⣬ǽǶĹҲǲġ
Ŀ֮£Ұ޿β޵ľ޴ھγ֮ڴķĲĻǽĴҷɵϺɫ棬ס˵峹ƻ
ʧô
ԭ᧿ΣľƣһβҰ޵ķתۿҪȫûľƣһƵļ
屻ƻ֮ĺôֳܽǶͷɶжǿҲֻˡڳܹһµҲһϵƷӳ󣬻൱Чġ٣ڵĽǶͷɶΣûǿܹĵز
Ұޣʱһ£Ҫǿ
ԸоʹβѾ̫Ѿ൱ˣִоӢߵɰ壬ÿʧһһС£仹һ̣̻óټķӡ
Ұ޳Ĭĵͷֳβ͵غ־ϮѾ൱ˣʵҪβ޵ôһһҰҲֻǿ񣬲ž޴ɰӷŷɶκͽǶ뿪Ȼغ׵츳ɰ֮ϵĹŵˡʹýǶͷɶθûϾˡǷɶΣ岻Ƕα·ɵɰŻУԼĲִ֮˺Ҫͨˣ˵ˡ
Ҳɰ̵˸ѣǷӡʵǿԷɶʵ൱Чǲ֮ҲܵشԭظĿǰˡ
ҰҪɲٿβ޾ͺˣغ˷ݡɰʹŶݣзӡ԰ϧҰ޲̶ֳȵս̫˵㰡
ͬľҶƻһζҰ޵ʹãغǷʧأ˵غѻãгһƻ޴βޣٺòˡڿûΧԼ˺ѾҰܷЧѹغ׵־ܷӳս൱Ҫˡ
Ұޱ˵ˣæǰصĵط鿴˵ڵصľֱϵƵΣؼǸƣѪѾ׵Ⱦµءʹû˿ڣôѪҪͨɾˣߵȻǿҲˡ
Ҳ൱İա
ǳ˴ˡСĵķת泯죬Ȼ鿴һ˿ڡѵûκΰ취ҽҲǻ쵰
˵Ļ쵰ҽߣ˵𣿡һĪչʱһ˹Ȼˮľߡ
ˮľ̡վ˵˵Ц֪ܷ񿴿ƣ
ˮľҲû˷ʱ䣬ֱ߹ȥ¾״
ܿ죬ˮľҡҡͷź˵ҺܱǸ
ô᣿ȻԤУͬȥԽܡû˵ҪӦûһµİɣ
ˮľ̾һ˵ҪɲֻдԺģ̣飬ʵ̫ˡ
˵Ҫô࣬ͷȻֱӣҪˣ΢һ£ҲһôѪͿˡڿûʲôѪҽڵĻܾ֪ܲˮľȫҩһ㣬ֹѪȻʹȫҩҽ˵ܼһõĻͻһʣ޶եȡһɶ
ţǸʧ̬ˡոЩʶԼԴе㲻ס
ûйϵ̣˻ûбˣỹŬϣһˡ
ţ鷳ˡ
ȻĲľҶߣǣѾˮľǳĲġ뿴һʲôԭɰעһųβޡȻ״̬ҲͲҪβް̫ˣȻսУˮľּóӡߣͱβ̫ܻ˼ɵ
ת׼뿪ˮľʱͻȻʲôȻ󲻶ɫĶ˵С
ˮľĻһƺе㲻ˮľ˼ˮľָʱˮľѾԶˡ
СôŲɰҪڶ⣬ǲϵġЩֻһ㴰ֽȥʱһЩܹҵˡ
ʱˮľѷĵ׵ҪҰ޼ֲס֮ǰĽ˻ˣȻĻβʧأճˡԭļƻһЦ
׽ЫôǻеԲ˰
ɰʵ˵ΧɱЫһˣ˵ܹɹ׽ĻûϷʵôΣƻԶԶϲϱ仯ûЫӴʧһ̣ɲһʵʵڵսҲһսͬ
һߣˮľҲǸ뿪һЩɰʧһ⣬ܵ˵ƽȣֱɱǿûȽǶͷɶηӳʵʱغ׵ĳֽһжˡĿǰص˾ƣ̴巽ƾƣá
Ƕͷɶʱɰǣƣغ׵ĻΧ̫󡣲ʺϷƣôҪľҪսôڳɰ֮Ы˷̫ʱ䡣
սǿȲߣսķΧҲԽԽˡ󣬴ΧǳһֻӦͨսߣҲ岻ˣûһسĻûʸ̶ֳȵսġ
ˣˮľɰǱô£ɽҶˮľ뿪һ͸ϻɵʵôųغףȻôճǸʰо֣
ˮľҡҡͷ˵ǸѾҪˡ
ɣһ̣˶̵ʱھͱɱˮľҽϲʵе㲻˼顣
˵ˣǸɰأ
ǰ˵Ҫȥ֧Ԯβޣջȥûô
֧ԮˮľЦЦתͷ˵ҿģ
δ򿪰ۣϸһ֮˵ȷʵǻصɰһˣں͵˽ս
״ǳˮľϣԭΪڼ߰һѵЫû뵽ȻȥغһߣȻǾˣ㿴ʲô쳣𣿡
ûСҡҡͷ
ǾˣΪʲôһĻıܿңӦðѵʲôҲ𣿡
еˮľͷ˿ɰǱߣĳһ㲻Ϲ˵ɰӻ
βˣδȵĻᣬٽӰֵβô
˫ҪƵĶôͿ˭ˡ
ˮľ߲ˣˡɽҶ˿ԶϺĸͳɰ֮Ыһս֡
ķͲʺ϶Ըɰ֮׼ȷ˵û㣬ûһʺ϶Ըɰ֮Ыˡ
Ҳû취顣ˮľҲΪε˵ɰ֮ƵЧ̫ǿˣܣˮľϰ˼£ģʽļӳɲ΢һ¡ЫˮľҲƣסĻͲôΧ
ôҪˣõܣСĵ㣬Ǻǣһ£滹
ţˮľѹκŮ־˵עʱ鿴ûˣУעĶ֪ͨңغױߣҪԥжԶܶԶ
ףѾĿǰӦսˡŮ־˺εͷ
ܺáˮľʾһ²ԶŵҰ޵־ϺͿɣȻҲԳԺһжǸϤغ׵һһ

źµˮľ漴ɽҶΧɱɰ֮Ыս֡
һΣˮľͲˮˣһЫʱ򣬿԰ջᣬĶһҲͺʵʵһ㣬ǿĶȴ˵ڻ£ܹڲ¶ۺʵڹ͵£޶ȵķԼʵѪ޽ܶݡʯ֮һմȾ˾ͼΪ鷳ĿԳɰ֮Ыֱܵж֮ľͼΪΣյĿʦǼв
ҵսУΪ׷ЫûмʱߣܿΧˡ
ӵǿĳɰ֮ɰʱ꣬һܽôҪɰʵ̫鷳ʵҲһܡļӲҷҲѾ˴æˣʹ࣬η綾ҷϵıЫжռ䡣ڼϺĶɽҶĻݵĹϵĸˮľõĻᡣ
ڡɢ
Χ֮ѳɣˮľѸٵĽӡһ֮һɢһ̬ƽɰ֮ЫΧһƬΧȻǿĻݣЫǰַըЫҲֻܽĿӰ˿ǰһɰ赲һˡ
һΣûˡ
һֻ޴ƣȻϨ˿ץУһ󣬽Ƭ
ˮľ׼һЫı編Ƶʱ򣬺洫εľˮľӳ㿪
εʾȻûӦˮľʶľŬһܡ֮䣬һŷݲͽˮľС
βҰ޼ֲסˣǲʡİ
غ׵Ϯˮľ⣬ڳĳҰޣûһȵùˮľغеĳֱֵ͵һֲʶˮľͺñȸغһһǺ޲Ź֡


164 Ҳ
β޵ȻһĴ󡣿ģʽˮľֱӻеĺҲ൱ءҺãʱ˲ܣˮľܵ˺ʵأǣܵĳ൱ˣǿֱѹڵ˺óһξ롣
СβһǿȶԲˣһô˿Ƶβ޾βжǿ󰡡
Ȼǵһκβ޴򽻵״κ״̬βԿȷʵǵһΡ
ϧڿɲҷпʱȻغ׵ķݡյУǣ˲ܵĻ壬ˮľʵҲûܵ˺ˣʵϳܵһ⣬ûдˣģʽǿʼӳ֮£̶ȵƣӰս
ոձ˵ˮľӵ˻еԺԴ΢һº󣬾ͷ۵ĿغףͣſڣۿڶյҪˮľˡ
ǲĵĻ쵰ôѡ
βս飬ûκεɽģˮľҲĿǰȫƾµļһ׵ķŹԼ
ȻˮľҲѾǸ޻֮ˡغ׵еּ޲ļһˮľе㷢飬ֿɲǸոջܳɰ֮Ыߵˮľܹܵġ
¶ĵˮľȻγɵľ޴ƣһץסѾз˴ĳɰ֮Ыıܣһգ̱˳ɰ֮ЫķȻһѽһβغףĳɰ֮ЫĿԼҪӭغ׵յˡţˮľҲûţѸٵĽӡ
ݡ֮
ˮľķһɲĸȶȻѸٳͣԽԽ࣬γһ޴ɫĻȻȻʼãѸͣձһֻɫʵĳˮľָӣغ׷˹ȥ
ǿĻž޴ֱӺغ³ķԲײһ
β޵Կľ޴죬Ѹٴս޴ԾܶһӶûһΣڣβ޵ʵҲͰˣ֮ǰ̵ˮľͻȻǿʵˣȻ֪ܹոջشĸΪ̵ļһﶼ򵥣û뵽Ȼǿ󵽺غƴĳ̶ȡ
սУŵ棬ҵһǳɰ֮Ыˣˮľβ޵Կģֱӱ޴Ƭ漴ԵյͻԵ֯һ𣬻ƣЧʼ֣𱻻ĻγɵĻЮž޴γһƬĻ籩ɢһɹǿȷ磬Ϯ˵ƤǲԶغ׺ˮľսĵط
ĵĳɰ֮ЫźԺҲûг¶ĻˣתҲõƬˡ
ңںŲаϢɣҲ˴ˡ
ʼգûκܹɰ֮Ыһ󵽵ʲôǧҲ˽⣬۰ӵУʲô
ǣˮľӺͳɰ֮ЫֻƬĽ̸УƲѵһ࣬Ǽ롰֯Ҳûиı׷Ҳβ׷дһЫһ׷ҲѰҸııɥʧ˫׵ʹ࣬ͯĹµΪ˵ĿƣĿ׷ȵȡֻؾҪһһжųɰ֮ЫһɻҶɢ
վ磬ݲһ࣬ΪҲһԴԺ˿аĶžʹʧ
ɰ֮ЫӰ٣ȻΪԿľ޴˵ıȽԶߵĹ۲ѷ֣ɰſʦʹ
ôôвʵԶս֣ɶǻôʲôģ
˵ʲô˶Գɰ֮Ыʮ˽ĻǸ˾һͬΪʦĿˡԳɰ֮ЫͬǰһĿеżȻɵ֪ɰ֮ЫΪ̲ϮҰ޵ʱеķŭ֪ղɰ֮Ыʱһÿ˺úЫ뷨˼û뵽Ǹ˵еĿʦôɱˡ
ɣҪԹκˣˮľ̲ûο˵ףǵʵܹĴĿˡ
֪ǡ
Ҫ˵ˣ飬ɣսûнѾˣǻҪսغ׵ĳ֣׵ĴֳĽ࣬ˮľغ֣ĴɢݵѾΧսʱͣڵ״̬ˡ
ȻҪæտҰޣţôˣս񣬲տ̫òѺö齻תͷԸʱ򣬷״̬ܲԾ
ֻղŻúõ۾ǿף䶼©˺ɫѪҺŵĿУڵأҲѲˡ


165 
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һ㣬ˮľβ޳ޣҲζˮľҪ˼غ׵ĹҲͱ˵ˣغ׶ϵˮľһ̶ϣǿʵغ׵Ĺġ
ʱˮľѾԼˣôβޱƴĻ̫ˡ
ھԵ֮£ʲôԵˣЩûЧģֱѹ޽ġˮľĻȻܹܺõĿƷݣǣ¸µĻӵغϣҲֻʹ಻ĺжѣɰγɵĻûбݼ򵥵ͻĵ
ˮľĹԵøӷŭغף׾ٵľ͵˴ĲȻٴηöյ
ԽԽ˰
ʱƣغ׶ɰ֮ƿԽԽǿҲ֮ԽԽˡ
غսʽˮľҲ˺ƴĵ뷨½غˤӣˮľҲٸûõˡ
ԣûʲôս飬⿿µβޣĳЩ˵ԸĲܹɡ˵ʵʵһ¡
Ȼ㣬ˮľҲͲͼͨһ֮ѹβˡ
ˮľƣӯĶغ׵Ĺ˴ķݡյĹĳΧܵغײٿصɰӣҲױõ壬ˮľҲСĶŸϮвˮľԼʱȽΣ⣬Ҳ̫ֻҪغ׵עͣˮľϣô˷Ҫȫöࡣ
ԺˮľһҲûɽҶκŮ־˵ӰѾ˵ȫĵطеļƻʵʩˡ
ȻǵĿβޣôûԹ۵ĵɡ
ˮľ׼ᣬ֮֮β޵ĹȻ׼жĽǶɿ쿿
ʷΣյһζϷҪʼˣҪһɡ
ʱ򣬽ǶͷɶҲ׼ſʼεĿ궯֡

ǶòЫǸһรǲҰɶֻ˵Ц˿ûΪЫս࿴˵ǸһﲻǾô˰ɣ˵ֶκܶ𣿡
˾ˣܹݲʽԱĽɫǣʱĻ˵´λȥֻ˵⽻ȥĺˡֻǮȤĽǶߴΣ֯һԱ޶ԡ
šǶ˵Ыˣϴ˭Ҽǵڵȷʵ㹻֣ѵҪҺ󱸳Ա
ôϺ󱸳ԱǶɫƽ˵֪顣ҪǰβСˣҪΪʽĳԱҲҪһʱ䡣
ңǶ㲻ҪÿζҪңн죬ȫʩһ
ʵʩᣬʵ˵ɶΣҾ;ǸɣҪǿöࡣҪɱһ㣬ȷʵҺĻվߵģͲˡǶƽ˵һЩ÷ɶβĵĻкҪһ㣬ΪֹϴܾܲȻ֪ҡ
ǶһתʲôʱԱ˵ôˣ֯ӦòֶԱ˵Ķôĵļһɣ
ɶδⲻǺôʱȻܹһǿ̴ʵ֯ȻڰУͼץβޣŪװ
ģϻˣɻɡ
ңֻǮļһѵͲһ£ŪôǮ󶼱õʲôط𣿡
ţǶһ٣ǮĻעҪġǱߣǸɱЫļһˣע⡭
һüƷ𣿡ǿ߹ԾԾԵķɶ˷ܵ˵ҵգôߣҿԺúõȡһаˡ
׳գϽ㿪
߹ģɲֻˮľββ޹һöյڱˮľĶ֮˿߷˹޴ѹȸУƵ˲òܡĽǶⲻ󣬼ǿûܵʲôˡɶξûôˣٶȸϵȻûбյֱӻУ֮ľ޴Ȼײô֮ͣҪв֮һ£Ҫɥʧսˡ


166 Ľ
ǿΪĶʹ涼ձߣɶκͽǶ֣ȫûʲôҪҲ൱ټ
ˤ÷ǳҵķɶΣǳԵվȻԼ֣ȫദĹ۸ٻһ½ǣоôӰս֮ʰڵϵѪһŵı˵
ʹˣֶǰ˵һôһȻһҪ㡭
ûлķɶΣੲݵʱûе̷βյˮľѾϢĿˡȵɶע⵽ʱѾٶˡ
ˮľ԰ȻȭͷεȻɶε߼ˮľʵҲǲ빥ɶεҪɶֲ֮ʲôҪȽԹ˵ұ𹥻ĲλЧҲǿ˶٣治ݻٷɶε֫ɥʧսôҲҪöࡣ
ϧɶȻԣҲ˵֮ۼ޷׶ˣսҲڲʱ򡣼֮䣬ֻɶеѪǰǰס˱϶ˣб壬ֱӻǰ
ʯ֮䣬ˮľȭͷʹſµѪĸ˱жΡɶҲ˳Ťת壬иˮľƫ
ӦԣӦøл治
ɶչֽ񶷵СɺٻӦȷʵˮľǳǷȱġһֱ֪֮ˮľǳףԼıʾһеСĴԽߣĻעˣΪʽ˼άģʽ֧ŲԼΪһ֣¼̳ǰˮľľͼҲһϾǲȫԼĶûо֤ġˡľ飬ܻ˷Ĳ¡ǴСĥļպ;鼼ɣߴСĥս־͸򣬸ͲǿؼŪһǿֲܹ˲ġ
ƾŲ֮շתŲɶǿˮľ޴һȭҲϴľ޴ɣ˵ķɶΣһͼѪ˳ѹնˮľ塣ͶԷɶμɵˮľô᣿׼ˮľò׾ٵĵס˷ɶεնҲɶΪ֮ԣֶΪĹܴģʽĲܵĻˮľͲ֪˶ٴˡ
δŵķɶΣһõİӣȻһδЧˮľҲûָսķɶλɰ֮Ы㣬Ȼˣʤ׷ҲӦ֮⡣
ˮľĵ׼ٴζԷɶʩȭʱб󷽣ǶٵֱźХķȭͷˮľ˹
ΧˣƺеԴˡ
ǶͷɶεĹϵôãһսһԱ߿Ҳæǣ˾ǰ׳գԽĶֵʱ򣬻޴鷳ϻֲܶȷѡ
ʱˮľҲ̫δȫĽǶƴֶôܶˮľã
ԹˮľܣȭٴԲӭ˽ǶϮȭͷ
ֻһƵıǶֱӱõɳȥڵϷԶͣ
ģʽ൱һֻСβˣƴȭͷԲ
ˮľ̯ƣת˿ͽǶȭͷӴĵطһЩ֮˿ڡ
ݡìôǲ
Բʱ仯õշĵĳ̶ȣڷܹзͬһЧԽͬʯһӲǿЧͬʱڽӴ˲䣬ҲܽתΪڵ˸벻ʱ򣬴ƻԵĹ鷳ܹЧĿƽǶϴɱ֮⣬Ĺ±Ч
ոտǿΧɱɰ֮Ыˮľǳ˽⣬ûǿǲߺǲһ˵ĻǽȽϺáЫͬˮľΪɱĿʵ൱͵ġ
ңʱ仹磬ڻսʱ򰡣ûҪƴһҪ֪Ѷˡɱӵв֮ļһôǸ鷳
ܵ˵һغϵĽˮľƣѹɶκͽǶռơһж̫ҪֻǶԵʵжϵһ̽ˡ
ڽǶͷɶλˮľҲûһٴΧͼΧʱ̡Զľ޴ĲٴδۿһöյҪϮˡ
ˮľܶܣͬʱ·ߣһѽǶͷɶΡ漴޴յԼת۾ͽӰС飬ʱҲ˲ΧˮľˣֻǱĶβ޵Ĺ


167 ׽
β޵Ľ֣޷ӵǿΧܴʱغ֮ڵսͻвȥˡҶĽҲֻˮľһЩʱľٶɵĻҶѡǣʱ䣬ʵˮľ
Ƕͷɶˣȥ֪֪ƾŲ֮Ƶսɳ־սջϿ˶˾ǿˡˮľǾԲΪһġ
ŰյԽԽˣ˵ǰˮľܹŲӲһεĻôĻ̫Σˡ
Ǳ߻ΪôҲԣѾˣһӡĶûУɽҶһĶûУûҰޡ
ʵǣҪûˮľغ׵ĳ޵Ļֳǽˡ
һĪչԼΪõĵӷųغ֮󣬻ûֵܵùغ־ϮշųغסεβޣҲֻԼȥһĳУķ񣬸Ͳʺ϶Ը;޴βޡ
ȥעǲ֮٣治˵ŭβޣߵͨߵйĶĻֿܹĶû
ڽ˼ŶԲߵͻȻһˡ
־ϣ֪ȥ𣿡ͻȻһ̼ѧˣҲǷǳĽš
˵ҪȥʰսûʲôмֵĶ
мֵָЩ򻵵Ŀ𣿼ֱǺ֡˻صҲ൱ͷۣʱ飬ʲô
ʱѰĿͻȻСֵӰ˳
һˡȫ֪Ҹղ̸۹Ŀɣ֪ԼΪжôΣա
ǿסеŭ˵ȫͺãڲǿԵжʱ򡣿ɣʲôջ𣿡
һܵƬļ޴Ļճˣȫûκôɷǳźҡҡͷ
ÿɷĵͷ˵ҪܣҪǾȻҰޣȻסغס
ҸղŻʱƺΪǷ֧ԮˮľۣƺɳǸŮͬľҶһȥ֧Ԯˡ
֧ԮͷȻ˵˵˵ĿǣҲпķ²ϴ˵ӦúľҶϵԣľҶ˾ľҲӦҪʵ֧ԮŶԡǡ
˵ŵʹҡҡͷҪǾھͺˡ
Sսﲻ̼ս֮ܣ൱ڷˣǲôľôд۵ģˮŷõ˿ӡǰ֮ʱ嶼֪³飬ɳսҲǶľҶսһʾˡ
ɰξʵ̫źˣʣʹɰҲֲһˡ
˵ʹļ׵Ļôɵþѡǰˮľǰ֮Īھϸ֮󣬷ѾԴ쳣ʱж˳ɰ֮Ыĳ֮֡
Ӹλ߾ӢȻͱ˿Ƶڼ飬ҾȻҪһѣɰѾΣյĵزô
ʵ֧Ԯ߻Ҫֳֿסغףˮľ̻ġε˵ʱѴԼ󣬼Ϊƺ˵æָоһڼΪ̴֮һɰ壬Ǻεȵ衣
˵ԼеѿĻʱһֱŷݡյغף¶յٳٴˮľغ׵ԽԽ꣬޷һɶС͵ǿǰƵغףյļƣ֫ŵأϰ룬һ˵̬
غģҲĿɿڴŵתͷ־ʵʲô֪ǸˮľҰʲôΪʲôغ׵Թôǿң
ĲʱǶ׵˹ȥòʹľҶǲ˺ʹҰӣƺʲôҲ֪ӡ
ɲһõˣغʹ޳ӣ޷졢Ӱ٣ûһ˲õҪҰޱߣ治ȷʵ⡭
˵Цһ˵Щʲôã̶ֳȵķӡʦǸΪ˵ȻỹҪæӡغסҰأ

ЩʱͬҲڷɶεĿС
һﵽ׶һβʲô׷㲻ţһο˵ɺϻˮľΪ֮ôĵĹֻҪغҪɱˮľˡȻӲ̫ķɶΣôãҲˡ


168 ԡ񡱵ĺ
ǹʱô
ڷɶε⣬ˮľûش𣬶˽ʲôǶţ٣ǽʬ˷ġ
ͷɶԼǶ˽棬ȻǶԾжϵѡ񣬵־޴ѹҲⲻ˵ġ˾ƾѪֹ֪ҲˣȻ֪ĻΪ־ʵ̫ˣҪӮɶΣҪ׷˵Ļʤּĸ֣ȫʵ̫ˣˮľôһѹ׵ľܹھӢ̵ı֮ȫ˵ģõĶһˡ
˵ǲ̫СˣһֱڱˮľԵķɶΣˮľŭ𣬡ҪΪͿ۸ү
۸ȷʵǸĴöԸˡ鱨˵Ƿɶ֣ʵռݾ󲿷ֵˣһس㳹׵й¶ܹ֮ԣܷӳʵҲۿۡ
ޣ𣿡ˮľԴ÷ЦķɶλѪȻ˵ҪΪɱЫǸһܹôȻҾͻʶʶа˵ŭ𡣡
а񰡣ȷʵܸȤء̽һдС񡱵֣ߺ͡صĶˮľ൱Ȥ
ҵȤܺеĲһһȥа񣬵Ǻηʥ
ͼļһˮľִԲѵĻùǺķɶΣѪָˮľŭ˵һȥ˾
һаͽ̸ǿЦˮľɲ׼ͣ¹ĲٴȻγɵľ֣ŷɶץ˹ȥ
˵û˶ãּһûлȥʲôˣһ㵹ġ
˵꣬ˮľҲ÷ǳźȻˣˮľԼѡҲڹѡΪǰˣԼѡĵ·󶼲ð磬ŵʱܹź󻹹ôʲô
Ķˮľķɶ˵ȫ㲻˵ʲô˼һҲʲôˡ
ˣõ˶㲻ϵĹۣ
ž׷߷ɶεˮľҲĸоеˡ޼ɵĵȻֶΣȻܹʹõĳÿһãԼСѹһ棬ϵƣܡ
ֱⲫĻҪСö࣬ԼһͻķӦٶ֮⣬ƿɳ£뿿ѹɶṢؿŰŶݼסңһԼһ©ɵѪɾˡոɵһɱɵĳɰ֮ЫһòսķɶΣˮľûսĴ㡣
Ŀǰս뽩ֵľ棬ˮľҲòԼǲˣȻβ޵עһǲ˻ҵľ棬ñѵ޷ӳ־սһ㣬ȴǶԽǶͷɶģ֮ķɶΣʱʱ̶ֶܱ̿Աÿ˵ľɱԼѹһ̶ܷɾ裬һѲĽǶȻΪʲôһﻹûаԶ߹ַųĻܹϲƣǲ֮㣬Ҳױ¶ڱУˮľ²ǶֻôõϹǳڽԸ¶ɡ
ôȥǰ취Ҫ콫ǻˣȻỹغ鷳Ҫսġ
ˮľһĪչʱһĹǶҲٴˮľĲӬһŷɶεˮľٴαǿƵΧԽǶȭˮľҲҵ֮Ȼ䱻ĿԺ͸ֵĹȼ˵֮ԱǣˮľԹ֮󣬿Ժܸε˵ȸֵˣˮľǿһءǣɷϣȭȷʵӵԵֵ
ŽǶϮɶҲץסᣬ˦еĿĽϵĵķֱ׼ˮľ
лˮľҲ˿Ĵ⣬ܶŷɶεѪȻȭ׼ٴκͽǶӲƴʱ򡣽ǶֱͻȻѲ壬紥һĵԹݵĲٿ£Ķˮľֱȭصĺˮľؿڡ
ܴػˮľƺһֱӱԶ
˻һУһ津Ҳǳó
˵СˮľѸٵķȻٵĺˣǶĴȭ׷Լܿɶ˦Ѫ
ҲˮľˣԸּߣ˶ΧȻƱȽϺáһжǵڻӦýҲȽаգԼ׻ǲ˲١


169 Թ
غһ߽֡İԼǣϾԼٿصģԼһҲôķ㡣ͱڣˮľҪʱûеغ׵յԼΪѵľˡ
ԼٿصȻס
ˮľڵޱȵĺ棬ԭУ˵ôβ޺֮ͽģ壿ȫƾµļһǽʲô޽֮ĻЧŹ֡
ȻһʱᵹҲûе޷ʰĵزˮľԤӦûܼһʱ䡣ս˲Ϣ䣬ˮľڿǣҪҪ·غȥ䣬׷ĽǶͷɶΣƺҲʵڼֲס˵ʱһԡڰɱϴп޵񣬿ɣҲǿɱ˸ɰ֮ЫѾˡ
ˮľĻûгã֧ԮѾˡһͨѻϮýǶͷɶԹ˲ϾʱɽҶİֳˮľҲ൱ͬĻˮ׼һͨҲõ¯࣬ˣҲ൱ĵáһʯ룬͸ݵԹһʱýǶɥʧ˶ӰļʱݡˮľҲô˻ᣬǰһȭͻ˽Ƕء
𣿺е㲻ԡ
ǶԵǿʱ򣬶Էļǿʵ̫ǿˡˮľȭȻûг׵Ĵ͸Ƕš˵ľǧӦò˶٣ǿǧһ¾ͻƵĽǶһˮľһȭȻоҲǻܹȷǷ
Եˣڸˮ׼սУȻֵԣҲʵǳˮľԼԤϡ
ݰµ뷨вͨҪˮߣԼĿʵ̫ˡ
ǿһȭֱӽǶڵϻһʮ׵Ĺֹ켣ˮľ׼˷ɶʱһߵ֧Ԯˡ
ˮݡˮȡ
һγɵˮӺ³ֱӽ׼ķɶθˡ
˶ʱѹƣˮľҲɵһ
ˮľоôոˮľɽҶˮľߣеʵ
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ոյ𣿡
֪ˮľҡҡͷ˵ֵķ̫ǿˣҲȷǲ㹻ýս׼ɡ
ţܿûô̫źˡɽҶʧ˵Σ㿴ǼһĲ״ôûС
ôǴˣˮľʱŷβɽҶκŮ־ˡ
֧ԮǱģһ˿սǿСң֮ܣ治ŵƤӵ°ȫٿԾͽչˡ
չˣԼϾչ˲
ˮľЦ˵Ըɰ֮ЫԵУΪЫһʦһö֣ʵ̫鷳ˡκŮ־˵ʵﲻʲôæж˾Σա
ǶͷɶߣͦʺɽҶŽǶʱκ־˴ЭԼͺѪ޽ܶԸɶΣʵǸѡ񣬵ȻǰûĴҷɵյˡ
ˮľǰ㲻ǻ˵ôҲǵıؾ֮·ҪǸΡ
ðɡɽҶˮľԼĻˮľҲʵ޻˵ȻˡҪˡ
˵仰ʱ䣬Ѿ˽Ƕ״̬
ˮľӳǸ˵ȷû״̬ǳ֡֯һԵ˵ǸڵĲʮֵĹ죬ģһѾҪˡ鷳ǣǸ˵壬ƺԷǳĲû˵ֻάԵģڵһֵĶ
ֵĶɽҶɻʵ
ԡν͵ͺڲһһ
֮ͨĶ𣿡
޷жϡλãġ
ɽҶתͷˮľʵô
֮ˮľ΢͸¶һʵ飬һ̶ȵĲԡҲ֪ղһ£һ˲ҲҪˡ
ţҲô룬ǲ˵Ĺﰡ
СģʵڶסˣҪǿ̳˰ɣǵҪĿ겢ǡ

ֳסûоȫǶȻԼѸٻܷɶΣٻ˽ǶӡغסĿǰˮľʱǰƻִеġ
Ϊʲôβôһᶼûʲôˣѵ˵ŹˣӦð
ͷɶξˮľ֣ΪʲôغôöûзյʱͻȻˮľͷϵһ̧ͷһһֻ޴èҰ֮С
ֱӹˣ¿ɾ鷳ˡ
ڳĺͷɶҲһΣֻøϽ·
ĵˮľƾٶƣĶ˻˫צȴûľ޴ɰβ͡
Ȼֻ֡Ҳôצӻ󣬡βޡ֮Ȼûд
ֹˮľɶҲû⣬޴βͳţȻûбֱӻУҲʱ֪ΣߵļͣӦòд󰭡
ˮľͱôˣβֱɨ˵һЩ⡣
ִˮľвܣģʽļӳɣȻҲˣʵûʲô󰭣ؼǺغֱӽӴ£֮ıʡ
ǣôղŶû£ֱӽӴȻ鷳


170 ֮
غ׾޴βɨ֮˵ΣҪһʼ˲ܿƵıߡرһβغ׵ĲغױڳҺˮľֱӽӴ֮ԭ޵ϵʼԽ
˶Ҫ𣿡
ڻҵ״̬ˮľ߾ȫάƽ⣬ϧһже̫ˣȻβ޲ıԼȻȻģʽôʧصʱҪˮľԼһеˡ
غײıڲˮľƵ״̬£ʼ˴Ȼֺ޽ƵȻ壬˲ʹڵƽ⣬ѡˮľڼΪѵ£ٴμӴ˱ĹӦΪάסģʽˮľҲò˳ȥ֤Ĵֺ·ͱҲòʹ˷ҪǱȻɣ߾ʹ˽ģʽˮľǿﵽ̼ʵڽǶɶκһβغ׵ļл֮£Ҳ·һˡ
β޵Ĳ֪ȻΪˮľȻҲĺ󻼣û뵽ôҪ丱ñˡ
˼ѵĻˮľҲܺߵΣգغ׾һԻֻצӲϵػ裬ͼˮľһٳܣʹˮľһҲ⡣
ˮľǿĲʺ;ϵľ޴ѹϵĶغ׵˻غ˦˦ȥľ޴βͣҲʱĳʹսߣΪ⡣Ҳø֪ٴܵ޴ӰˮľӵԶβǿµĴΧʽ
ÿһνӴˮľһ޴Ŀ飬һβ޵Ĳ˳ŽӴĲλˮľάּѵ塣ǣˮľƫƫֱľûʲô̫õİ취
һαβ޵ľ޴ɰ֮ײʱˮľҲƲסˡԭˮľŷɢڲάȻƽȵתغײ׵İˮľĿƣѸٵŰһ糹׵Ĵ⹵ͨȻӿӿڣ󲿷ֶβ޲գȻ׳ŸӷȻСãˮľάģʽתмȻˮľͺԣһֱ״̬İӡգܴ˴̼ԭˮľΪӦΣӡҲٴοʼԾɫƿʼˮľֱ۸֣ܿͲȫ
ֶ״̬ӵ£ˮľ壬һҩͰغײӡսǿˮľ־ҲʼįˮľѶΪ֮£ŲӦļӴԼȻӿܿƵ˻ҲԽԽˡ
ǿƺҪ˺ѵʹ࣬ˮľ˫ȭգſ죬һй̵ʹ࣬Ҫ⼸¾̫ܹ࣬ľ̼Ҳܶ࣬յʹ඼һѣҪȻĻֱӾʹʧȥ־
ľˮľԸԵģÿһͨһ֣ܹΪĽǿߣֻҪ⣬Ϊ̼ǰ϶飬ϧˮľͬʱڵľ֣ÿһƺǼΪǿԺģͬʱõ£׻ʲôӣǾʹ˱ӿ˺ƬһЩˮľԹˡ
һߣغ׽νˮľݺݵУǳһڶؼʼûнغȻ׼˵ɱˮľΪйߵĻôջر־ָĴƬغ׷֮ء
ȻΪ״̬ѵԭһֱ޷غЧĶԿҲζĿǰˮľ޵ֿ
ڵغײȻΪ񱩣٣˺ҲǼƻˮľƽĲٿءʵΪۺҴˮľ־һֲӲͨ־ûκǺܴһ־òڻӡʴϣϢṩĲӦʱûе͸֧ĳ̶ȣ֮ΪƽϢڵҪԸغ׺ͻĲ飬ӿ϶ǲġ
ڣôľά֣ͬʱЩԻҲܴʵ
ͻˮľɿƵļޣ˻ҲܱˮľѹΣǰϸ΢ı仯ԭͨͨͫףĵİɫӨ͸ķ˿Ҳǰֻ΢ӳһ㣬һ㣬ˮľ˶ԼƮķ˿ܼصԲ֮ǰֺõƺűɲٿصĿԡ


171 ռλ
žǲʼįӡˣӡһҲˮľƴĵơʵˮľһζûõڲ֮һⱬҪԼһεĻԾҲֻܵȻĴ̼ˡǰ֡˻ӡǴķȫ·磬ȻЧҲǽٶȵЧˡڱѹ˶Ǳܵѹե֮ҲͲΪӡ컯ˡģʽ֮ǰӡӦûжΣ
ˮľĿ鷳ģغ׵ĲȻ٣ȴƻΪ˵һ֡ԼǿҼѿƵԣʹˮľάƽѶȣĸ֪ϵļ͸ˮľĶΣաΪҪǣεĹˮľΣգֻģʽܽ⡣
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ԭˮľûϸģڿغ׷вĽ£ˮľһЩõ֤ʵ
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ԡˮľһΪЩ޻̸֮ǣʵˮľһĽѵʵûˣڵԭǴġķ֤ԭˮľĵ飬Ϊʵˡ
βֶ־ܹǣҲܹ̳ǰм뾭飬仰˵ܹĸһֹܻеĶɡͺˮľغ׵һʵӴԭϽغױ壬ʵһģһģǣغױиߵȨøĲʹøǿҪܶࡣ
ǣһˮľｫغ׾ʹɱô󸴻غףˮľǰһֻ𣿸ȷе˵󣬻غ׸𣿴ڿˡغˣôˮľĳǸɳ֮ˡͻΪ˾Բֻһβ޲β޷ҲΪ𽥳ɳΪغףǾͲǰˡ
ԣҺغھǲݵĳô
β޵ķ룬ҲǵһΣĴĿӰβΪβֻϵķָϻͬһֻβˮľķָʽͲһˣӵж־β޷ڱ󣬺ʣΪһβޡ
ڣΣǰغ׵Ĳ˴ȻǱڵӡѹƣ޷һķչյȻȴֹͣվΧˮľΧγһȦŨܵȻγɵı֡غײܿƵй¶ձȾ˲ĺɫҲı仯һͷ­һȴĹֵβͣ֫צӣһèһĳɫɫ죬Ҳɰɵ⣬ֱһС汾غס
ˮľģո΢˿غףʱŭɶˮľ޼ɵģԼغ׷ŭ˫צݺݵˮľĵϣһƬĳƺˮľ⽴Ĳһңƺо̫ٴ޴βͣҪص¡
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β޻̫ԣҲβ£ǵʲôˮľʵغףҲʼź佻
ûֶκסˣ˵βҲСһֻ۸һߵķˡ
ʲô˵ִ󻰵ţƾĪս̬˵ŵغŲһͱƳβͣûЧˮľ̫ˣʵ޷ѡ
ԴҲô˵ɡֹ״̬ʱǿԸӵˮľ˵Ȼ֪Ȼһʲô³ڣʸ˵󻰡
˵꣬ˮľתȫֱͨӵľֱ֣ӽβԲ˵ɶһзűصˤڵϡ
ڵңη塭
ƺΪԼһĿԣˮľٴ֣غšڿһת֮˲ԶɶεķڷɶξֵĿУˤµغףֱӽҸš


172 ʱ
һʱӿȵ޼ɵĸоˮľˣԵ޹ʵܻǡʱԼۡ
սʽôβޱܵʹսҪǿ̫ˡ
µĿȫͬˮľķʽȥһľһսҲԼȫʧȥƿءֿȻ໥֮ãصЧΪЩ֮ж޵ϵûˮľھ޴ĳ±˺Ƭй¶ķʽЩƣغײȻˮľŵȻˮľ˼ѹҺãӡǿˮľ壬ˮľǻıԵ޴ʱƾѹסغס

ԭҲǼҵս֣غ׳ϵľٶ˷룬ڴ󲿷ΪغϮˮľͷɶεҪԴʱû뵽֮ıʳˮľϡױȵǿֱѹסغףƾ輫ŵֱӽβսŪڹ֮䣬ʹĳǵˡ
սУܹһпģɾӵа۵Ρ͸ս˽һβʵǸˮľӳô͸ĺɫԣǲô
û˵ΣǸȷʵˮľɽҶû뵽ᱻƵ̶ֳȣһοˡ
Ҳ̶ֳôֹҲһߵŮ־Ҳ̲סʵ
ȻУǱ߲һôɽҶˮľķָָȻ˵̶ֳȵģĿӰִҲҲˣ˵Ҳԡ
Ǿ˵ˮľӳѾлӰʵôڻӰĻ⣬ÿľҶ߶ܲȤš
ôܣɽҶҡҡͷӰɲ۾ô򵥵ġңˮľһ൱˽ģ˵ϲδѵļһ϶׼˲ٵĺ֣ӣԲļƻ֮ڡ
ôɽҶĻشκŮ־Ҳе鷳ˡ
Ƶƴ඼мΪصĸãһǳ͵ӣμɫҩ裬˷һ֮󣬾ͻᵼ⻹Ԥ֮ڵģ˳֮ľǿô丱ãҲԻ˾
ǻûʲôóô״εSһŵеŮ־˺Σʵ൱ڴģ󣬶֮սȫ岻ֲ˵ԭĸûãӶĳ״Ŀǰǳȥƴް취־޴̾÷ǳľɥ
ʲôǣɽҶ̵ļ򣬰ο˵ûҶ̶ֳȵսҲȫ岻ôôһǸرأң˭˵ûóѾ˴æˡ
ûȷʵǰ˲æǰιؼѣɽҶסǶǶԭˮľһȭþҪˮ࣬ճܲסѹˡŮ־˵ĲٳûεȭͰҲΰɽҶֵǶĴȭ͵ԹݵϮ
ܴӰ죬Ƕòųֻϵơ
ȻߵԾҪԺʱغ׺ˮľıʣ׾սˡ
ˮľһ֮ѹغ׺ͷɶεľ޴ƣýǶòصĿǷҪȥβ޻ǷɶΣһɱԽǶһ鷳ѣǶѸٵİɽҶ̵ɧţæŷɶκغ׵ķλɱȥ

Ծ޴䲻Ľغ׷ŵˮľҲ˲ٵ⼫Ҳˮľϲǲΰ롣һ̲ͣĳΪˮľԳܵĸȻӣˮľҲϵļӴĹӦôȥϢռĲҲֲ˶ãȵˮľĲȫĹ⣬ȴˮľĽʲôǾֻ֪ˡǱȻǱӡʴһĹǱβ޲׳űЩˮľɽܵĺ
ʱˮľɲ˷̫Ļᣬڵصغ׻ûзӦˮľգɫֺܿצӵ״絶צغ׵ͷһƬɰӡ
ûзҰޣôصôغ׵־̫Ծ̫񱩵ԭ𣿡
ϴһȭͽҰ޵ļ֮ͬһαıغ׶ȡ壬ȻȻصôΡ
ˮľҲֻüӿѰҰڵĲ
źǣʱ򣬽Ƕϵˡ
׶ݡα
˻δٶ׶ȴȵˣ״ƶ׶ݹһ׵֮ǹŹᴩ˵ƻͼѸݵٶȣת۾ˮľǰ
ˮľֱӱУΧˮľΧ֣ǳЧĵס׶ݵֱ˺ȴʹʧһȦ޴ıըž޴ˣֱƷˮľըĵ涼һС͵Բӡ
ţδȵˮľûӦһǿת֮ٴϮ˹
ݡͷ̿ࡣ
Բ߹³Ļ棬ѸٵӿˮľС
һβµĶļǿȴҲһصĸôģʽʣٶȺԶ½˲١˸еĸ֪Ҫұһƽ̨ô
ȫܵԼ֧Ȼˮľ֧ȫʱȴҲˮľǰʹıУһЮβ޲Ȼˮľĸ֪жϣԵƫĿеĶȾһѪһ㡣
ٲãǶͣˮľǲġ
ոջǶĻݿһٵˮľû̫ص˺ȻЧĸ˻Ϯ
Ȼ˵òأˮľҲͲ˷ʱ䡣ɫٴץסغ׵βͣغ׾ǶļԹҹȥ
ƵýǶòЩܣһĹҲͽвȥˡ
Եѹƣôǧ仯غ׽ò
ȻԵսʽˮľϰߣʵʱһãʵҲ൱Ľ
ؾ˽ǶոնԼ˺֮ˮľٴ֣һֻյˮľĲٿأǶΧһж׵ĽҡҲڲŹˮľӡ
ķ񹥻ѹҲǳ޴󣬲ˮľ˵ҲǱƲѣеˮľѾԲغײһıԵԽԽǿ󣬵Ҳ˼ķաͿˮľĹʽ֪ˣ޶ȵıغ׽ֱӽӴٴηʡҪٴηβ޲ʧأģʽ⣬ô˵ˮľĻᱻıһֻڱغֱӽ帴ͻƷӡĿܡ
ԣٵȻغײһ̶Ϸֹ۵һ̶ֱγغײϰ߽һƿеˮľûһβ޷ϰߡ
ֹʵΪܲģʽ֮ǰƽսͳΪߵĹؼ
սֽƵ״̬ʵ˵ԣˮľȱľʱ䡣
սвһβغףαɳһ˦˦ȥ裬ڻ֮󣬶ˮľֶҲֺּޣԸֵغףԲβǰķʵԲھֻβУѾǱȽº͵һֻˣҪǱ˺þúų˷ܣһҲҸɳ֮ض֡һεĿ񱩣ĻΪˮľֽŵԭ
Ҫ⣬غ˵ʹҲ˵ˮľΪʵ̫ӵģ޷ܵġѵһ֣Ҳòս
ˮľڵϲܶغҲͲסˣҵҲˮľǿѹв
ô˻ᣬǶҲǿһһơ
һж飬ʱӦòˮľˡû鷳ĳɰ֮ЫӵйķɶΣƺʱҲһսˣʣһǶȻʵǳǿҲкǿ벻ԣɶּɱǶֿüŵǱȽϺöԸġ
ȻˮľѹغײҡʣһǶʱҲɵӣŵֵʤ᲻ȥա
ڣҪԶȡʤô
ΧɽҶһˮľǶҲֻ֪ȥһ˶Ըʵǿĸ֣ԽǶսǻۣԼ־ľءңѾʧȥһҪӲƴĻĻɾͻˣôĽǶɲԸʱա
ŻûΧǶѸٵջıܹɶαұĵط
ǶүˡѾҵòεķɶΣӻõͷ­ðĻҷãȻҪǸβҵĻ쵰䵽
졣ǶųԹݣɶεҵһǳˡ
˵ţ󺰴вķɶΣתȥȻʧɭ


173 ʵĲ¼
ŽǶ֧ķɶ뿪ĹˣĴ̴֮弸ûջʲôսɰ壬̵ʧȴһغɵ鷳Ҫæʰһ뵽ԭĿɰ֮ЫˮľغճɻҽԼ߷͵ʴסԭ̰ˣȴСʧĺڳÿһɰ̶˲ǿУҲɰûٹϵӲҪ˵Ļغ׳־ôˣȻ⵽ǰæǰﵹæ˵׼ˡ
ˮľ˵ǶͷɶˣҲɲ˶١ڶˮľԼвģǱˮľڵϲסغסһӡȥβ޵ĲĻʱƣˮľϵԽԽءԽԽԴ
ݵغףˮľһȭغԲĶϣʱغʹĲҽУһȭغ׵ĲӣҲ޷׾ٵķԷ
ˮľٿȻ֣צ絶ݺݵĲغ׵ɰӻͷ­һʱһɰצӵĶָ¶һĴڡ
ȻôңѵҪڸӲҵҰޣҲ̫鷳˰ɣ
ĽݾǻҰޣ״Ҳɲˮľġ
иˮľ׼ٴγغ֣ȴֹˡ
Եһ£ˮľ̡ɰϽ˵ҰǱߣǽɰɡ
Ǵˮľɻʵ˵ģûˮľѹƣɰڳܲ׽סغ׶Ǹ⣬˵ѹβȻҰˡ
ᣬҰ޺غףҪˮľ̰æϸڣǿ԰æġ
Ŷ˵ôޣˮľֱֶ̫ô˵ҰްɡǶ㣬̫ҿɼֲס
ô˵ŵˮľٴסͼغףȻϽǰȥҰޡ
˵ҰޣҰ޺غֽŰɣСļһ
սˮľ¶̫Ķڳ˼ûܹ֪ˮľʲôֶΣһ㣬˶غ׳֮󣬲ĵĹˮľûرԭ򣬺غ׻ֲϳľٶغײˮľչֳ̬һβ˵Ҫ˵ˮľûжɰβʲôֽţǾԲŵġƲˮľβ޺ҰʲôȻ󳹵ŭغףŵֽǸʵĲ롣
Ȼ֮һû˵ˮľҲ飬ȥãֻҪɰ̲׷͹ˡҲû˸Ϊʲôʣˮľôôࣿ
ʹɰ̶Լ̫ģˮľҲûзϣ˵ǻɵûˮľȷʵֽţǲûжɰ岻뷨˵ҰҲûʲôʧҪغ׾ôŲܻӰ״̬ˮľͲ鷳顣
ֱߵغ׾޴棬޴ķ֮УĻغײݵɳŵĹȻ󲻶ϵиغͷɰ֮ѰҰ޵ķλ
ʵԸغ׵Ȼڻ£ȴˮľİԵֶεǹϬϧЧʵǵ˵㣬һԹ۵ˮľסҡͷ
ȻɰҪûʲôð취ģͲҪԼˣʵ״Ȳ𰡡
սƽϢغƺҲƷܵҲƬǽս
ˮľоôҴҵɽҶˮľǹ״̬Ҳһ㶣漴ɻѹĵףȻˮľڵ״̬һ˵һ߿ͼӽɽҶȴˮľΧĳɫŸšɽҶմȾֱת֮ܵ˸ʴ˺ŵɽҶϽˡ
ҪΣաˮľæ˵
ȻǼΪΣյĶغײ֮Σ͸ԴˡҪˮľģʽͱʴˡ
ɽҶЦ˵ǰˣһͲӡ
ô˵أĿǰС
ˮľЦ˵ҲˣżҲûá
ǿˡʲôܰæô
СˮľʾһɽҶΡ
ϽҳҰ޵ķλȻαȽУȻðۺúÿ졣ҶҪСģҰ޵ýӡαغǿгƣҰ޵ľ˺ԲᡣȻỹҪæϵ裬ܾ컽
ˡɽҶͷת˵ˣҰ޵ģ
ҲʱȣϽۡ
һᣬڴĿУ˵ҵˡ
รǿ̫ˣ۹Ȼ˳ɽҶҲ൱ˣȻΣ͸һȥɣ㻽Ұޡ
˵ţɽҶתͷˮľˮľ
ԡˮľͷ״̳µĻ̵ˣΣղȥʶʶҲ
ҶҪСģһʲôʣҪԥϽܣҡ
֪ˣȥˡ

Ŀ˱ӰˮľתͷһĬŮ־ʵô־ˣһSоô
۽硣Ů־˾ŲԶغ׺غѰҰ޵ļˡ
ֻпˮľЦʵ
ΣСŮ־˲˵
ϧ𰡡
ʵŮ־˲ǳĬԵˣǡǡ෴еˮʵĻȵˡ˵ҲܹϲֻڵĻ̫ʺŮ־˵̫࣬ҺˮľҲ̫Ϥ̫̫ܵĽ
־ˣҵĿ˵Ļʵɵò
šŮ־˲ɫĵͷ
ʵĲ࣬ºܶʱﲻæⲻǵĴѡ񣬳ԲҪǵս棬Ѿ˴æˡȻˣ˵ǲΪ̫ᣬ˱Ҫĳɳ뾭飬ֽ׶ΣSṩ˶սġ
˵ˮľӳһʼûжǱڴô
һ˵ˣ־ˡŮ־ټ˵˴ĻˮľҲбҪúÿһ£ΪһŶУе˵ļֵսĻ߾ͲȡʿսְҵΪˡңεսҲֻڻǱֵʱ򣬵ɡ
𣿡Ů־˵¹ѾˣѾǡ̶ǿ𣿡
˵أˮľЦŴߵĵȼҪָۺʣԼܹսõĳ̶ȡǱʵ֣ҲŶĿΪ¹ƾһ㱻ƼΪ̵ģ
ˮľ⣬Ů־Ĭ
ǿʤ⣬Ҫ̫ļȻԿġ
ˮľȰ㣬Ů־˳ĬһᣬȻʵˮľӳΪʲôѡأ˵ӦòҪһеظ̰ɣ
ôܲҪļĻ棬սʱó˰ɣεȭЧҪáˮľЦŴҪһ㣬ĳεȭ˵ܰϴæأ
ϴæˮľӳָʲô
˵ˮľҡͷȻ־ˣĳӣʱ˺ܶ࣬Ӱ𣿡
ʱ䣿Ů־ɻʵȫˮľҪóʲô
ǵġʲô𣿡
ûеġһʱ֮սͬʱҪĴĲιĻ
Ǿͺáˮľͷһ㱣գһȻ˵ϴó
˵ŵʱǰغײĵһУغ׾޴ɰ֮ʼһݣһᣬͻΪһ̯ɳ£Ȼʧ֮䡣ķɳ֮䣬ƣҰ˳ɫɽҶΡ
߽֮ˮľȻ˵ôû°ɣ
ˣտһҰޣȻ˵Ҫˮľ̸ҰƣҾллˮľ̵Ķˡ
ˣԱɡ

ԶıӰɽҶ߷߲ƽ˵ɰʵ̫ûòˣǿΪɰôȻһɵǣ֮ĻζûС
ղˮľЦʵ
ǲ֪ղǸſʵǧ֮Ŀɶ
ˣҶˮľɽҶıԹˣѾ御ˡ
ڱɰ̼ɵܵҪˮľˡ˭н챩¶ôĵأ
Ƕӳġ
ţ棬ҪԼˣȷе˵ҵ⡣
ˮľĻɽҶҲڶԣתͷˮľʵǸô
غѾ·ӡˮľβµĻȻûʧֻǲʱ̲ͣ׳ˡʧȥƵֹˮľȫ֪￪ʼֲܽ
Ѿû޾Ȼ䣬Ȼͨ޴ˮľоһʣ޼ĲͷۡȻỹӡҪģʽҪһһÿһݱĲԵԣŮ־ԭƻģʽʧ֮ĺ֣ڿóˡ


174 ؾ
־ˣĳ԰ɡβµ֣ˮľʵûа취ȥ϶УʱҪѰˡ
ˮľĻŮ־һ㶣ɻʵԣʲô
ļĻ棬óɲԣѹһ¡ˮľʾһһɫ£ֹڵҸղҪæѹһ¡
ˮľĻŮ־˻Ȼ򣬹ֲˮľղ˲ٹڲٳʦͼĻĻ⡣
ˡ
Ǿ͸Ͻʼɣʲôʡ
ܿƵ黹ԽԽãǹԼġ
Ů־˫һ̨һȺĻһƬɫƣˮľƮ˹ת۾ͽˮľС
ڴеˮľֻǰһڣļĻ泹ڱˮľߡˣųĹ⣬ˮľ۾ı죬ǿҲܿһĻ棬ֵĿɲŸտʼûãͱԵȻغײɱڼĻǰ̵ĳ֮£ģˮľҲһ˿ϣ
־ˣ㻹иʺ״ĳôٶЩļˮľɵʵҲǿļĴ棿
Ĵ棿û뵽ˮľӳȻ֪ŮһĲٲٳˮľ鱨˵ķḻŮ־Ҳе㾪ȣĴַǳصĲٳŮһʹõĲ֪࣬ü٣ЩŮһĲٳʦ֪òǺ
ֻҪ֪ЩûпĶŪѡ
Ĳɵˮľ˵
Ů־˵ͷҲʲô̫Ҫ飬Ҳû˼Ĵ治Ǻܺʱһûвǿӵʵ
ŶˮľʧҡҡͷҲ֮УĴʵ̫ǿˣԴۺ˺ʵ̫ˣ˾Ϊ˶Ըβ޺;޴֮ͨĵˣʮβܹɾ޴˺ɼֲ֮β޲ԲͨļĻܹȵġֶԸͨߣͲ̫ˡŮһ彫ѧϰ˳ŵ൱ҲȻָܲʵǿ˶β޳̫ʵˡ
û˼Ĵ棬ˮľҲֻܼϣӴļĻӰѾˡ

һߣٺҰ֮ΪͽĿ־ϸæΪչˡ
оôˣҰޣ
ȫɢ˼һʹУͷǳۣϱ˸һȫ޷о񡭡
ûʲô𣿡ļ־ϵݹˮҰ޺˼ˮ峺Ĳˮ壬ˬĸоҰʱָһ㾫
ãǲȫû취ˣûս
İɣսˡҰûʲô󰭣Ҳˡ
Ұ޿˿ΧƵ־ϺͿɻʦȻ̽ͷܿ˿
أôû
źҡҡͷ˵ʧܴ󡣡
ȻеΪ֣ٻûеڼĵز֪ҲʱࡣҪ飬ǵȵȥƽϡңѾˣΪͬ飬Щ黹ʱҪȽϺá
Ұ޵ͷʧôǲʧغʲôõ飿
ô᣿ο˵ûĻǻڽ棬ҺҲ˲ٵæ
ȻеƫĻû˵
ǾͺáеɥҰ΢滺˽üͷ
Ҫ̫࣬ڶϢһ£ӦûʲôΣˡ˵ţתͷ־ϺͿ˵չһҰ޺ˣȥôˡ
ôҲǲսѣղŵʧ֮ҲҪһ½ŵĹϵ
οģҰı仯Ե˲һЩļ󡣺־ϡɻ˵ĹϵҲĿʼ͡
㻹һϣֻҪҰޣͻзϣ
Ұ޵츳һβغݣֻҪõΪ֧ɰ֮Ը;ϵת䣬Ϊϲ

ڳ֮ǰˮľͶԼĳԭƺʵַʽȴǶǵģʽһֱǡŮ־˵ĳɲԣԼһգԤʧصͼƻõ顣ʵҲˮľԤϵڵ̫࣬һڳ⣬ȻʧأӿݵȻ̾͵ȼˮľڵĻҩͰĳˮľһѾԵѹʲôоȴҲˮľԷٵıԵ
ڼĻЧƺˮľĵϣѻһļĻʬ֮ЧĶסˮľٴαķա
־ˣоҪҪϢһ᣿ڣûǰǰˡĹڻܹڳġ
û£һܼס
ٻ˴ļĻ棬ѾڴĲôĳӣŮ־˵״Ҳ൱ĳ
ĳӣѾռŮ־ճݼĻһ󲿷֡ۿҪõ£Ů־ٴļĲó룬ʱڣļķʽĻ棬ٴεıŮ־˲Ȼβ޲ĴС
Ů־˼ĵ£Ǽӿ˲ٶȡ
ˮľĵȴУڣϡٵһҲάֲסʵ״̬۵Ŀɼĳɫʼ⣬ȻΪС飬ʧڿС
Ѿǿ֮ĩŮ־һɾҲֲסˡΧˮľΧĳȺʼɢŮ־ԼҲΪ޴ģƣڵأһߵɽҶۼֿ죬һѷ𶼿վȵŮ־ˡ
鷳ڱˣˮľҲǳһ
־ˣˣȺúϢһ°ɡ
šĻȴƱŮ־˵ͷ
ˮľ𣿡ˮľһȦֲˣɽҶɵʵ
ûֻ˵Σյһʱˡˮľҡҡͷ˵
Ǹô죿Ҫǰæ𣿡
ɽҶ˿۵Ķ춯˵Ů־˵ϧҲʲôƲҲʲôҽɲ϶ó
ô᣿Ȼ˵Ҫæ
ȻȷʵɽҶ˵Щ鷳ĶɽҶóġǣҲԼΪصġ
ðɣҪĻ˵Ǹʲô
Ϣһᣬҿ˵˵ţˮľתͷ˵㣬ظһ¡
ˡȻˮľҪԼʲôλصĵͷ
ɽҶ̿ʼϢˮľȴڸӵԴõ᲻ѡ
ͷ۵ĶԺԲ׵ټһЩĪĶˡ
̽һУףҪڲȻϡԣƶϣʵ󲿷ֶ໥ġˮľĳģʽӡ˻ʵһеĶֻӡһƷˮľϵĸһƷƷˮľһڷ˱졣ģʽͲ˵ˣֱӿӡƷȻӲ˲٣ԭ鿴ࡣ
ԭӡˮˮ֮ûʲôӡڷӡĿ֮£ûʲô˷˵Ļᣬһֱȶ
һΣغѹ֮£һЩ仯ЩҲˮľ䲻Ը⿴ġ
֮䣬ʼȻΪģһЩֵĹԭˮľڴڵΪƽʧ⵼ͨ޼־Ȼ͵ʧסӡʼһ׷ָ
Ҫû̫ĹĻˮľֱͺˣ鷳ǲڻµġڣȴǣһȫľ棬ôӴһģʽ⣬Ȼ޼ɵڱֺˮľԸȥ롣
ô죿ȻΪȻָƫԵӡԵľ໥Ӹû
ʮֿˮľֶε⣬Ҳ൱ԽúõĻ˵ܹøòãʲô֢Ҳ飬ͺñʧ⣬Ѿˮľˡ
գˮľ¶ıֽ⣬β޲вһü޵ǣˮľĲˣϢҲʼеģϾôսܹѾǼΪѵˡģʽҲܳõĳˣ벻ʲôð취Ļһ㣬˵ܹʲôת
Σоô
ܺãûκ⡣еδ
ôһæ
Ҹô
Ҫ̫࣬ȭܹõٶʮ𣿡
ԡ
ˮľͷš
ĵѨҲӦ൱ͨˣôˮľ֣صķԸ
Ȼᣬðϸ۲ڵĲ򡣼ʲôطϳвܿƵĴֱӽضź
ˮľĻξȵ˵ҪõѨˣǰˮľӳ˵ܻ˺Ѩ൱ء
зִ磬ҷԸˡȰֹ״̬ͣ˵˲ҪԼҽߣʵڲУи֣˿϶Ǵ⡣


175 
ʱ䣬ˮľûʲôôҲôӦ⣬ģʽս̬֪ˮľֵĲӦ
׼Σˮľȷһ£ȭȻԲ徭ռΪ죬ǣˮľڵϾͨĲǻȻԼεʵȷϣˮľеĲ¡
û⡣δԴСϰȭŷͬһţ±ܣҲûлɹȭǿֻΪԼʵŬѡ
ǾͿʼɣעˡ
˵ţˮľʼѹӡ׺ѵĴ÷ʽǺʵġӡԴаӡһֱڲķãЧķӣڱĲ֮⣬ҪĻȡڱ˵־ǰˮľڸĽûж̫ƣڣˮľ֮£ӡʼ𽥵ˡ
ڵĴ۸ӵûô׾ģʻǲҵķ
Ҿ֪̫ɣҲ̫鷳˰ɣ
ָĹˮľѾȫˣڲǰһгʶ͹͸Ƶġڵ״ˮľȻ׼ʵҲ˸е൱ļ֡
ӡˣӡаӡƣԭˮľƽʧͨ޼־ֱӱӡԵ˺ѺɡǣڶλԾӡΪ˴ﵽٴƽ⣬аӡƶֱӶģʽĻʯ֮һԾ塣
ˮľ˼УӡӡͬʱģʽֱӾͱˡ
ˮľҲ޲ߡʧȥһ龫ˮľıʱһأڵȻ˲䴦ѹԵƵλ
ȥҪʯͷǱɥʧǵķӣ
ֱӽӴȻΣԲԶʧܵ³һĿȻҪôҪô
ΣͷˮľҲܲôˣϢĲҪƴӿþȫˮľֶͼΪԼһ
ȻֱӶײûеļңǾһγһȫܿƵĻûдﵽȻͲƽ⣬ҲûγǾôŰˮľڽһ㣬ȫûа취пơ
ϲȥô죿
ˮľɵһڣҲԼİ취⣬˳˲ӦýеϣϡҸҪǣˮľĵ͹ӡֶӰΪģʽӡְƷ˻ۡȴֶܹԲһдƷģʽͿݵġƾαӰ죬ˮľĿ࿴
ӡֶǵˮľԺ֮رڳ׽֮оڣû̫ϣҲû̫оңҲǿĺʱ
ˮľļٵĹؼʱ̣һԾ۾ڳˡ
ȭ԰ٶơ
ҺصĲ˲ˮľȫˮľδ£ȭʵʵĴˮľϡ
治ڿഫؾȻˡ˾ȵξȻܹʦͨ־츳˰
ȭΪУѸٵˮľϵʮĸѨλйֵѨʽĹʽѸٵˮľڵΪ֮һͣķųʽֹ޷γɺ£ˮľ˺Ҳ΢ļһЩţʮٴʹγȭٶȸǱȸղҪ߳һأˮľ̵£һٶʮʹ׵Ľضˮľڵ
ȭ԰ٶʹϵҲ۵ùǺͨĲͬˮľڵĲʵ̫ԵҲ̫Σˡ
ԸһߺȭһֱӶֱӵвֱӴӲֵĹʽ˸еֵһ֡
Σˮľȴ޴ֵĸоȭˮľϣһ͵ĸְһθеΪܣʹȫĻܴˮľķ˵ˮľѣó˱ʹȭö뾫żΪǿķڼֲס֮ǰǰˮľʱסڵǸ
ˮľӳֻһˡе˫֣ˮľ˵
Ͼ˵ˮľͷû˵Ǽڵ鷳
̸ĳôʧ
εȭʱֹסˮľڵֻˮľʱ䣬΢һˡ
̿Եʱܹžβй¶һͳεѨûȻͱβ޲ô֮࣬ӣҲôĲҲʱεʵˣˮľӵأ𵽵ЧҪõö࣬Ӧò̫׵ƫŶԡһΣˮľҲûָȭܳ׵Ľ⣬ֻϣܶһ㻺ʱˮľúôá
ʱˮľޱȵϣһܹղ;ͺˡͨͨˮľûг͵ʣԺһҲһҲߵ¼ܹˮľڵյĻܱʾ֭Ҫ׵öࡣ
ˮľоôɽҶŴˮľû˿һж˼ɵüеʵҪæ𣿡
æˮľһƺ뵽һЩ⡣
ԣʱﲻæˣҰ
˵Ķԣˡ
˼άʽƫȷʵԼ̫ˣԽĿǰ鷳ʵûа취
ˮľǰ˼άĹȦһΪԽߵˮľӱδǧ活ʵһŲⲻǰˮľΪϰߣˮľĸɵǹϵľɽҶڶܵˮľҲڹؼʱ̣֪̫Լ飬⣬˺δǧ活һ£ģԼϹĥȻһ˳еˡ
һΣˮľ鷳ʵܵͣβµĶӡҲӡΨһ鷳ʧصģʽˣֻҪ㹻ܹͨڵġ
ˮľԭȹ̶˼άУΪϰάԼȻƽ⣬ǽ߾ȫļǿÿһֵĿƣغײͨ޵ľ񼯺־ѾǼòˡʶľųٴθŵԼٸģʽѹ
ڵȫˣˮľͲҪٿôֻ࣬Ҫܹ㹻ȻĲУԼĵȻãԼģʲôϵ˵ĲȻӰԼĿģʽΪҲάģʽˣҲͲùôˡ
Ҳǰ̫Ӵ⣬ģʽˮľһķͳ˼ΣҲȭʱסˮľڵˡģʽڣôᷢ飿εĳ̶ȣܹˮľͲˡ
ңǸûᣬѨλ;ѨסĵڣڵҲһƽȵĽ׶ΣʺϱԼ
ʱһԶӰ˹
ƺʲô鷳Ҫæ𣿡
ǲ֮ǰȥɰ
㣿ɽҶ˵ʲôˮľӳ岻ʣûа취ƣȻɡ
ȵȣҶҪˮľϽֹôѣʵĽӦõġ
Ȼһʵ̣ÿ԰æ
ţðɡȻ֪ˮľľ㣬ɽҶǵͷͬ⡣
ôˮḷ̌ʲôܰæģ˵ղǰ˴æˣҪȻغʧأǶ֪ôˡ
̫ˣΪѣսӦõġˮľ˵ȷʵһ鷳Ҫ̰æ
˵ţˮľתͷɽҶ˵ҶҲ
á
ɽҶˮľҪ˹Ȼˮľ˵
ҪλԼĲעҵڡ
ɻʵʲôҪ𣿡
ûУУʲôԶҪȶƽͺạ́͵֫֡
ӡķӡȽţӡٴηҷֳ׻ָзӡõˮľܹͶˣȫҪ˵İæ
ţˮľɽҶ˵Ҷ㽫͵ҵڵ
ҪλǽԼ˷ģڳΪر̵ɽҶ־ϸתûּ򵥵Ĳͻʲôʡ
Ȼ֪ˮľʲô㣬һٳˮľҲɽҶǳģûжʲô
֮еıʣͻȻת̵İæȻһսҲѾ̫ԣĲˣ̵ĵڴˣˮľʱ˲ϣȻȥˮľ˵ʱǽһĹؼڡ


176 ҽ
бӲҶƬ϶γһƬ߲Ӱˮľ飬ͺñͼƽУҲǱŲ֮
ҶԵӦԷ֮󣬽ֵɵ飬ȻۣǴ򲻴Ͳ̫
ɽҶʵǿ̵İ£ˮľ˳ĽĿǰΣǿԮˮľȻβ޲ıɽҶڵͨ뿪֮ûãȻɢӰ١
оնһٵˮľҲ൱ΪԼؼʱ̵еο˿۵ɽҶƣˮľҲһθ̼ܵĲĳ̶ȡԵĸпţ̽磬ʵҪԹȻǲԶġȥľֲƫٵͣһҲɽҶˡ
ǣЩ츳˸̾ĲƽһϢˮľĲѹ󲿷ˡ̶ֳȣˡҰԼ츳ļһȣҲ˲١
Уȥ¥յ״ԼѨʵˮľҲ֪ԼʱڲʺϽǿ̫սˡھ֮ǰöҪ̫Ƶĵò
״ʵˮľѾǱȽˣûʲôȵϵĺ֢Ҳû͸֧ϸս֮ѾǱȽѵˡ
ûʲôص鷳ҪԺ˵ˡʱˮļ̌ͷľӥһнУɵһЦ
һѾôҲйؼɫ٣
ӥĵȷ˳жѾӵ淢ѪȷˮľʱܲţԼҲǳˣϸ֦ĩڵĶɽҶһ̴ľҶ壬Լɡ
һ֮󣬾һʱƣǻָ˲˸п֯ûɱǹҲûǿԮңҲжͬսź
˵̴սʵҲ൱ˡһɰ֮Ыܶһҵǿ߱𣬾ѾǼΪѵõʤˣһ˽Ƕͷɶӵв֮ĹԱսʵҲֻ˵ǲǿ⡣
ӵĳͺȻûʲô⣬еԱʧȽϴˣڼͻȻѺ;Ϯ֮ʱͨǱ㣬ٳͻƵĽɫߣ˺ͺܴˡִоӢɰ壬ȻеҲмǳ˸ˣûб˺ֻǿϧǣԷɶκͽǶĲʧ겻ѡ෴ϡٵľҶԱΪ
֪ٽڵ״ҹ·ƺҲеǿѣԣ̴̵ļ֮ʽ϶ͳһжһֱ֮ӿʣµ·̡

ݲݳԹ֮ˮľһСӱߣ滺ķԼ˼ɵĸоˮľΪϰߵ״̬ˡˮľ͵˵֪ΪҪĵֻۣǹ۲ҪֶΡԴӿģʽֻ֮۾һɴˮľ֪׵ģ˲٣־޴ĲһˮľеĽмΪ͡ϰø֪ԤеˮľҪãȻ״̬Ƶ޴룬Ů־˺βʱĴԼ֪
ڣǰٴչʾˮľǰϵķ񣬲Զݴе棬߮ˮ֮µˮľĸ֪֮һࡣ
֮ˮľֱֶߵѪָ˵棬ȻĵͷⶫɽҶˮľڲʱȥռսƷѪһСķɶ壬Ҳˮľӡ׼ȥ֮úÿŵЦһǿĹô¡ǶǺˣĲʾͼΪ㣬ֵܹˮľȫһѾ൱ѵõˣԼֱãǰһѳֵģרҵʦٿ
ˮľ̵ԼǿսƷʱͻȻоһСӰ߿
˵Ĳˮľüͷ
ƺûʲôֵ鷢ˡ
һᣬֻδĴӰ˳
ʲô£Σ
ξֱ߽Ȼ˵ҷһ൱ɣܿ⣿
ţˮľһʱ鷳ɾͲôˣѾˣˮľֱѡˣ˻ˮˡ
˵˭
ķ²ϴ˵һˮľ֮֡
ϴô
Σˮľû⡣
ȷûи
Բġն˵ʼ֮ǰҾ͹۲ˣӡ£൱ԵģڣǸѾȫˣھαװ²
αװˮľʵΪʲôܣӦвܵĻɣղ󡭡
˵˵ţˮľԼͣ
ԭ𣿡ˮľЦҡҡͷѾ̫˰
˵ʲôܣʵ̫뵱ȻˣܿܵˣֻǸп޵
׾Ƿʤ
ܹ̽ˮľĸ֪˺ģ׾еٮٮߣ֮ǰˮľҲúȷϹϴ״̬ܹˮľĸ֪֮͵ģܴӲΩΩФģİ׾ˮľʵ벻˭ܸɳ¡
ˮľոյĺ飬ʱθոմϢܻ˲١
ˮľӳǸô죿
ʲôʱֵģ˭֪ȣˮľǵȷϾ״
ոպϺ󲻾ãϰߵĹ۲һͷˡδΪֹ˸ˮľӳûж˵
ܺáˮľͷ
û֪Ҳãп޵İɱϴҲʽʧˡ
װ֪ˡϴ飬ת󣬾͸ľҶûйϵˣʲô⣬Ҳǵ顣Ҳʱʲôûˡ
ô᲻Σգ
İɣҴˮľ˵Ȼսǿİɣôɱһ׾ʵ޹ؽҪ˵ϴһԾģˮľֻ̽鱨Ŀ൱Լװ֪ˣΣԲܻᱻ巢ȻɱģҲҪˮľ¡
ǻҪͬУĻ᲻᲻̫ʣ
ȥϢɡˮľЦȻһӣһֻͣӰеҹɷɳȻȵͣˮľֱϣϣ֪ˡ
ˮľĻʣȴҲףڷӲӦġ
뿪ıӰˮľ˿ֱ۵תԴеҹɣ˼Ÿôд񱨸档
ô͸¶ٹؼ鱨ȽϺأǵĺú밡

һεľݵУǶڰɶη֧塣һ߸־ϸһ߻ҪŴһʼ֡ੲݵķɶε졣
죬ɶΣ˵ɱ㡣
ҪԿ쵰ոȵȣǸٰͷļһͻȻôǿԲܳ־ãټһ᲻ˣõļƷ˷Ѱ
ţɶοĻǶͣ˷ϷɶεĵԹݣǱڵϵļһ˵ŴԲѵĻ˸еᷳ˵ļһᣬһ˼ְɣ˵ļһǴ󰡡
Ƕүú˵ֻҪҷãһж˵㿴ҵǲһЩԣ˲Ⱑ쵰ҵĴģУҵȥˣǸӰϽȥһ
Ƕȴûɶεһɫתſڡ
˭棿
ŽǶĻڵĿһء
û˻ش𣬵űƿ֨ѽУӰڽǶСǰһһͷŵĽ𷢣ɫͫףЦݵ꣬ƣɫҲڸʡһʮİƤ԰׵Ĺӡ
ⲻǵϴôȻܹӳ˰˵ſӣǣķԭ㣿ѹܽϴȻ
ľҶģûʲô취ˣҰ⣬ֻҪܽսֻԾ˵ֱˮȥȸʣֻҪԣɹʻ൱ġ
һλǸлλҪȻҪˣһ׷ռͬ顪Ыսˣʵ̫ϧˡ
Ȼ˵ſϧǵϴȻŲ֪˭Ĳ΢Ц

ľҶҹӰ칫¥ȻƻͨĿӰ֣ͷ۵ĿŸոմ鱨ϰԶ豭ȴĲˮͺȹˡ
һȺ鷳ļһ
ǳüǻϵĿģ
Ļһͷ׷ҲͻȻ֣ڸĴ̨ϡ
ֻʸ˵ôǿѹסŭ˵
ЩҪҲϽ⣬ôңʲô£
ȿ˵ţֳ˵鱨ݸҲ


177 Ѱ
Ҳֽӹֵ鱨Ȼַ
ʲôϣԣϮ鱨
ʼеĲɵҲԽԽȣͷβ˵鱨ٿһ顣Ȼһųʵģ
жһսִ
ﰡˮľǸСӡɰôΪשնǸ
ûǵ˴һĴ㡣ȷҲ⡣жھǲ̫ˣ
šҲһᣬȻ´̨ߵǰе鱨ڰ칫ϣ˵ǲǲʻ˵ߣľҶܶط¶˲ٵЩӦõģֶȷʵеǷˡ
һ£Ҳ˵ҲڵͽüǵĴԡֻû뵽һҲǡ֯ĳԱһֹļһ
ⲻӦõôһӣܺʹͬļһܹȥ
ֵĻҲɫһתߵǰ˿·ҹɫżѲߵİҷһߣ֣ڵǣ̶ֳȵļһϮȻôϸ鱨ô˵ӮôռϷ罫˻ˣ
ȷʵˡֵͷ
ֵĻҲɻʵˮľСӵã壬ԼɰͬСӵҿˣܹǰʤĿԲɣѵʲôⷢɳԮ
ôܻԮʱҲֿЦһ㻹˵ˣǰ鱨ᵽɰ̡ɰ֮Ы
˵ŵĸ֣ļٴóһļݸҲ
ϸдú
ӹı飬ҲĿãȻһ
оôû뵽ɰʧΪ޴󡣻ľҶƽ¡
˵ľֻЩֲӣҲҪװɵ
ָʲôҲҲеΣıȻ˵ֵùעĶʵ̫ˣһ
֪ģҲЩ飬ֻеŻ֪ľܡֶҲıؾǳģʽֶûʲô˵ģ
Ҫ˵ʲô֡һĲҵ¡
ҲĻ˵ûл̫˼ǰ˵Ǹ֮꣬Ҿ㴦õ̫ˡ趼ʧ˵ģʽȻܹɹ֪ǰһ˻£ʸҲǱȻġ
ҡҲ֣ص˵
Ҳϣֺɵ
治ҡҲٴ˵ǰҺˮľһżĹ䣬ʱʹһЩ⡣
Ŷʲô⣿
һж˻ģʽһشˡȻˣΪʲôô٣һشˡ
Щ
ǵġҲҪ֪ģʽֶûбȻֻΪĵˣܻҵ취˽ġ
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ҵһЩЩǲҪģǺ֮Ӿߣһûᡣ
ִЩ㣬Ϊʲô˵趼ʧˣȻֶΣǻ˭ҲòΪøã
Ϊûзʲôʧ˻ǹģ˭˵Ҫ˵˾͸÷һҿɲͬҲıڰ칤ϣ˵ﲻһʦͨļһô
ʵ⣬Ҿ֪ǸˡҲʣβ̽Ѱ꣬һֱûҵؼмǧּ壬ȫȷϵľֻˡ
Ǳ廹߱Ľɢ֮̽壬̽³ôã볹Ҳֻһ֮ң
˵Щ̫Զ̽羪ž޵ļһﲻ٣а·ģҲһ㿴ǸɶκͽǶû뵽ʲô
ֶ֮ôö֮ĳô
һǰĻתҲѵ
ܷôܾ̫Σա
ǵˣܲڱҲѵõ¶ǰδ飬˭С
ðɣ㣬Ҫףһ£һ֪սô
ȻûټһˡȻ˵ɡ
ˮ֮ҪСġľ鱨ʾܲ
İɣҵĺỹ磬һΣҺúÿչѪ֮磬ڸʲôɡ

ڶһ磬컹ûдˮľľ˯ˣȻһõľϣĵճ
ڶǰףۿ̫ҪʱһýӰˮľߡ
ôˣˮľɽҶ
úÿɡ
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ôôˣҲ˯úɣ
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ʲô£ܾڿһЩĪ顣
ĪҲɡЩ飬ǶȽϺãϴκģ㲻ҲвõԤô
ߵֱ˭˵׼ɽҶνʼ磬߲ôʼյģࡣ
ǰˮľп˵
ʱԶ̫һ⣬͸ƺһ㱡ֵʣȺɽķ϶лԭЩϢ˲䱻һɨգϣһµĿһ˿ʸУʢĵ糿޵á
£ɽҶüͷȻʵʲôԺ̸̸˵ܰæ
ˮľ״̬ȷʵһЩ⣬ϤˮľɽҶҲķе㲻ԾԾ㾫ͨһֱˮľôˡ
û£ҲǺ֢֮һɡˮľЦЦʾûʲô⣬ɽҶġ
ȻֵúνˮľʵҲ֪ԴģʽĿʼġһΣĵˮľҲᵽˣԽǿԽҪĵ
Լע⡣Ȼˮľ˵ɽҶҲڶʣһЩ顣
ζ˵ʲô
Ǳ㷢ˣˮľЦŴǱ߳״޹أҲö¡
รǾͺáȻˮľûʲôΣյжϣɽҶǷĵġˮľòҪڳʲô״ˡ
ˮľ⣬ǿսģʽӰ졣£ٶεĻƾͲһ㾫ϵĲӦˡ
лˣҶѵĹģˮľҲˮľ˵״Ҳʵڲö˵
Ȼڲ֮ܿ£˺ԶȻԾʴˮľɵģϢ˺˾塣һΣˮľѾԵĸо˼άܵӰ죬иҲǰءսģʽһᣬˮľһȻУ뵹ڵҲڽʱȻӰˣת־ǱĬת䣬ˮľ裬ԺȻʹҪӵĽƵģʽһҪڳˡڻܴڵ鷳Ҫȥúüһ£ͱǸһ־ˮľѿӡһôβˡ
⻹ˮľ⣬ҲҪúõĴһ£Ҳ߱Ľˡ
˲ãһֻٶȼŸ볯ˮľ߷˹ˮľֱۣȻŸ
ˡˮľЦЦȻ˰ϵС̯˿
ȻˣԮô
ˮľĻһֽ漴Ϊɻҡ
ˮľô˵
ܹ֮ɳæˡ
Ŷһ£ǵô㣿
Ѿˡ
ǾͺáɽҶҲˡȻҾȻȥˣ̲ҲѹˣУҲҪӵĶ򡣡
ȥɣҶļҹκҪʹˣԼͺá

ĿӰֵľûгˮľԤϣսеľ󲿷ϸڣˮľϸϱȥΨһһ㣬ɰغֵ飬ˮľ̸ֻܶҪûֱӵ֤ݣˮľԲϣҪӰ첻ãβֵع⣬̴嶼һֵ顣ʹ˲µõһ㣬ǾԲ֪̫ࡣˮľϣɰҲò̫֤ݣҰ޻úúõģغҲȻĴҰڡȴһҪˮľæܲץסغ׶˵ǿƵѷˣ飬ɰ廹ҡ
̴ƺΪĬû˵õ·飬ȫʱȴʲôٽʱˡ
ȵģɰˡһ˵ʱˮľ;еͷۡ
ЫˣϵÿҪ߲ǧˣû벶׽жֱӻرһɱ¾ɡ


178 ҽļ
̽ı仯Ǻܿ죬Ӵ磬ϢĽʵ൱Ŀ졣ְҵ£ָĽֶθǲˮľܹľҶԶ鱨ȻҲԡ
ɰˮľ֣ǧͱȽ˵ˣݵĲһ棬ؼ꼶Ĳ࣬ˣĴ˸еͷۡ
ˮľǻ鷳𣿡ɽҶҲе㲻öԸϾˮľֽɰ֮ЫأȻ˵սûʲôĻᡣǣһոӵ̫̫׻ô룬˭Ҳ˵׼
Ҫµġ
Ҳˣص˵̫Ҳûʲôá
̬ԵǧոյͶɰ״ĲѣȻ֪˴˾޴ʧǶһ˵Ǳеա
ء
ǧź˵
ͷӭ˵ֱǸܣû񣬻ʧء
ܣҲɣǲԹ˽̫ص̫һҪ񣿡
ҡͷñ˺ѿı顣
¸صǧ˵Ȼһƽı飬־ϺͿɶû֨ɰ̶սսĲ˵
ˣˣ쿪ˣҲһºþòӵ˵ɡ
ǧĻûһɰ̸ҽӻ
Щ»ȥ˵ɣڸңЫ
һֱɰ֮ЫһǧΪ˿ԼβѵЫӡ
ûлش𣬶ǵһû˺ۣȴȻĽָ
ǣǧӹ˽ָϸĴһЫʲô
źҡҡͷ˵ʣˡ
Ļǧһ㶣ȻӦ
ʣ㻹˵
ǧס֯桰ŮŵߵȭͷסĲ
ܱǸΪ
һΪôղѵǧصĽŮĽָˤڵϣҪʲôã
̽սҽͶҩ裬̽ŷɥĳһʦҪǸֵҽսдʣǧμ穵ĻǧԱҪöࡣ
ʹǧѾӣǶĻʢŭ֮£Ҳ˸Ȱ
ŷŭƵǧ󶯸λɽҶСʵҪҪ뿪
ãֲһˣҪб°غҲɱ
ôܻ£
ԣòŵģ±ͳսҲʲôϡ£ֻеˡ
ʵһˮľû˵ȥһЩ޹شֵСγͻȫɰ̻ǰɰ̡ӵҪȻ
ٽ磬Ѿʮֵˣߣ˼壬ܹ͵ˣܹһ㣬ҲûбҪȥѰĿȡ˭ûʱ·˼ˡǴڷŭУ鼤ǧɰ壬Ըʱùͷ
Ķƺͷϴǧѹ˼飬ʧ˵ԭΪӦܹãĴӰѾˣľӢӦܹģʧˡ
һ£ƽһ˼ǧ˵ЩҲˣϸľҪʲôҵʬ޴棬Ҽһ涼У㶼ֹ
ˡ
׼õı棬ݸǧȻ󾲾ǧϸ

ˣͷ󺹣ЩʱҲ亹ͺñڵˮľһʢˡŭݵ̫̫ţѹܡ
λǰʲôҪҰæǺɰǿġ
ˮľɣֺüˣЫɱģ
ƺסǧˮľʵ
ǵģǺսʱɱЫˮľŬļһЦݴѲսǿУ岻ݴǵΡ
ǺǺǡƺʲôЦ飬ǧЦ
ˮľҲڨЦսʤǿУһ°
ʧ̬ݣǧ˵˵ҼκһľҶ߶˵ǲ֪ûľ˷ïʵ
ҾһͨľҶߣܺ̽ľҶᲢۣ
ǧľ˷ïҲˮľΪѿǧĶӺͶϱľҶɱİľҶθңֱʬ޴档ó˼֮ĵǧһ涼ûм
ľҶŻ֮ذˮľֲۡ
ˣɰҲȺӢͣʮ
ǧĻˮľһ㶼ţǧﻰڻҵ̽ʮ꣬սĺһһս˶̴޵̫̫Ǹܹԣ³޵ǧ
ˮľƺ˵ˣҪҪæ
ˣʵҲҽСнСⲻʹݡ
ǧҽӹɵģܹת̾Ϊֹˣˮ׼Ѿȫͨҽߵķ룬ûֻۡתۣûлתǣôòתΪ˸ÿӵˮľĿǧԸ̸ˮľһٳҲ޷ְҲֻһ°ˡ
Ŷˮľ̶Ѿôģ
ôᣬ˵Цˡ
ȷʵǷǳģˮľ״̬ͲǺܺãǧֶָƵҽ߼ӿʦʲôֽţ鷳ˡ
Ȼƽ͵˵ϻһ˿ЦݵǧˮľľԽԽԸԶɽҶ˸ƣȻʹĬ˲׼ʱ
һĹؼʱ̣һ˹
Ӵˣ
ԶϣվλľҶߣͷģʽԪϴ춹߸ŵһɵĵǩĲ֪Ͳͬ
Ǽʱϵˡ
һɵˮľҲףһνˡ
Ȼֻһӵ̫̫йŭ밧ˣʲô̫Σգ岻ʵˮľɽҶҪչ˵̣ʵûбҪװ׳һٴʱˮľ˵ǧһڣ˰ɡ
ôŵˮľɢȥ˾ۼĲôһᣬ̫Ѩ;еʹ̵ĸоȷʵҪһʱˡ
ȻľҶսѵˣˮľҲҪæҾͲˣϣлɰ͡
лл룬ʱһȥġ
ˮľشĺܿȷǶʱǲ뻢ˡ
ǧתȥɪıӰȽĲ̬ԵˮľҲһп
ûɰ֮Ыյʬ޴棬ˮľǹģתӰ죬ǧĽתҲص֮һǧʵ̫ǿˣһ״̬õĳɰ֮Ыʵˮľܽܵ顣Ҳǧ˳ĸΪ˸ɰ֮Ы飬ˮľô

ʵ׵ر̣ƫս͵ģˮľҲˣˮľ״̬ɽҶľ֧ڣε飬Ҳøһˡ֮̾Ӣ֧ԮϵεĻȫûмıҪˣԸڳʵûбҪһжˡȻڼҲһЩСαװɵϴðƻ֧Ԯ֮󲻾þͱˣȻп޵İ׾û취ʲô鱨󣬾͹Ȼıɱˡ
ԼСĶ˵壬ҲûľҶһ˵鷳ĽϴҪ˻ȥԼܣõϴˣҲֲľҶͷϡ
һСıҲûʲô̫Ӱ죬Ȼľѳ̴ۣĶͳ׵ɢˡ
ߵ·ϣˮľƺµķġϴ춹ɽҶһЩ˵Ļϴ춹ƺˮľСӵΪȤɽҶҲƺԽеĵãϲĽûꡣ̳ĬĬĬĸһߡ
ˮľ˰ɣ
֪ˮľǱȽϤ̿ԵʱҲٽҲе㹲ͬԵͬ顣һߵĲͬˮľ˵ͲôϤˡ
ӦûɡĶѾˣڷ˵ϴֲԼ飬Ҳû˵һҪɱɳɰ֮ЫҲ˵ùȥˡ
̫ˣֶһ֡
һԵĲͬҲӻæùǺһ̣ѩ̿Ҳһˡ
ڿԱҪ
һߵϴ춹תͷˮľ˵иִڣҪװ͵ûᣬİɡ
⻰˵еˮľ֪ˮľļ򣬡ĿɱҪеö࣬ȱ̵֣ĳ͵Ļʵʵĸɻɡ
ֽȱزˣ
ô˵أ翨ͿսǿľӢ̣ȥصѹļһȥˣ֣ϵѲߺͻ֧Ԯͷǳˣֲչ˲ȻʱûбսķգȷʵеģɳеӦ
ʧ̫ôˮľ̾һ̿УľҶԶԭľ޴ʧӰ󣬶ľҶϵĴҲֻΪڸǿиɵıʣȡʱָԪˡԣһ̵ĳ֣ôҸеԵĸˣҪǰ̽ȻҲһ£Բ˵ļС
ˣһЩ˸㡣ϴ춹ƺʲô飬̾ߴóһŵݸˮľִ˷Ըˣ١


179 쳣֮
ĵķ϶лֽҷ׷Ʈɢһ΢紵ҲӰ١ˮľҲ֮һ󼤶
Ĵ˻ǲٰ
Ծ̽߶˵֪ܹӱģʵԶ൱̽ĴվĶˣķ羰ԱˮľҪöࡣûˮľѵӽ鱨ֵܹҲ൱Ķˡ
ܹβޣŪڹ֮ǧ䣬Ϊ޵תܹ֮Ȼ쳣Լģʽˮľ飬ǧмĿҲᾭ
ôЩʵ̫Сٲ̫ƽһЩϸ֦ĩڵСˡ
ģʽȴ֮󣬸ߵĲ㿪ʼԼһԱˡйͬĿĵһȺˣֵĴŵĬٻˮľ൱Ĺǡ
Ҫ֮ˮľ˿ǰԶȥͬ飬ʱ˼ӿµĲȥ

صˮľʵ൱ȥϢһ£ѵΪӶӳһȥ㱨ˮľ岻ݴǵΡ
Ӱ칫ңˮľŽȥʱһ˶ûУֻиڵԼ
ˮľǰύ񱨸档
ş̌ͷȻˮľ˵ȲԼˣ
ˮľЦЦǰ׼õıϣҾãһɵò
ȷʵ𱨸飬ûз˼õϴеϧֲ㡣
ǲôʮȫʮһθоջҲͦġ
ˮľûʲôźṢѵõȫˣѾ൱ĽˣҪһЩ⣬˵Ĳһ
ţʵˣʵҿǲܡֵ̹Լʧ󣬡͹˶ֵѲ̶Ⱥ;ģɲصʧ˵ǣ֮ļһ
Ҳ⣬û뵽ĽԼҲˣǿдһǿ룬һеƴŸã㱣סԼͬ
Ķ˰ɣֻһתͻȻʵ
ˣ൱ľȡ
ʲôҪ˵ģ
Ҫļһ̫ˣǰ̶
ˮľĻһЦ˵ǵһ˵Ҫݵú׼ȷ
ʣʱ벻ġ
Ҳڲڣںúúһ°ɣ
áҲú̸̸ˮľһֱ飬ǰԼûǸᣬҲûʲôʸҲԵ̸ȻҲ˵㣬ٱԭҪöˡ
ȵɣˣ鱨ҿˣʱûʲôʵġ
ҾȻȥˡˮľȻ׼뿪
ȵȣУʱûʱ䣬ϸ
ףлˡ
ȻˮľҲһҽߣ͸ֱȻǲԶˣҲá

ľҶɽСˮľԼɽկɫѿ
˵ҵľѾص̶ֳˣ
ԣǱĬӰ죬ѾЩƫˣ㻹ǵ㵱ģʽΪʲôô
ϸ⣬סԼ
β׷ʲô
׷ʵΪҪʵס
㿴ͽû̫ƫڱĩˣģʽѾûˣ
ɽկ⣬ˮľʱ
ص֮ˮľʱ䣬ҵɽկΪ˽䣬Ϊ˺úõĿԼĵ⣬ûз
ߵ־˼άһģһ˼óĽӦҲˮľڽ֮ǰصԺ鱨Ϊϰģʽ֮ǰԼԼʱ䵽׷ʲô仯
Ȼźˮľǵ徫ǷһЩϸ΢ƫ
ԭѾϼƺ˽Ĳ裬㲻֪иˣôȥһͻȥеɱɰ֮Ыٸ֮ˡҪ֪֮ǵĶֲǳɰ֮ЫǱҪǿöǲǲߵȵȡضԶ
ðɣ˵ĻǲˮľЦѵûһϢô
Ϣǣڻüɽկڿĺԣʵ鷳ǰѾԤƵˣӦԷУΪʲôǿʼʵʩڴӦò̫ࡣ
ðɣ˵еҲȲˣôɡ
Ѿȫˣȷûˣֿ֮͹۵ۺͽûˡ
ɣҪ֪˵Ǹֵж


180 
ڷֵĽͷƳʱ̣ˮľͷ˱ȴġľҶƻ֮ǰҪ١ľҶԽĵλãǿʵױȵָԪȻҪԶԶö࣬ǰһģжǴ󲿷ֵɱ¾ͨ˿һûôߵı仯
ˮľееֵǣԭˮľΪԼͷ֮룬ǳϣԭĴˮľڽͷȻûʲôܹϵóż˴к֮⣬󲿷ֶ֪һ۵׵ˮľʵһʵǳǿ̡һͷ۵ûʲôȽһ¡ȡ֮ġ
Ȼûжͨߺƽ֪鱨ܻġܴ̽󣬾ľҶҲСһСģĴӣʱǾӢߣҲÿ˶ܱϵóģľȻܴ󣬵ڳΪ˵Ĵʦ֮ǰҰ³ôϤˮľԼҲֻ֣ǻûʲôԶԶļ棬ǻ֮䲢ʶֱΪ˶Ϲϵ֮ǰΪͬײĽʵͨԲϤҲ˵ùȥ
һΣƺһֻ֣֮ĳЩϢĴȷʵЩܳЩ濼ǣҪһȽϺáβֶѾ˼ɻˣѹβ޵ļһÿγˣһ粨ģʽȻûбϢǲҪ̫֪飬Ǳġ
ľҶҽԺʱ䣬ˮľԼ֮⣬ĵطˡÿˮľ̽ҽˮľߵڣһȺֻŵҽ򵥵սսҽڸʱ򣬾ͲΪĲǸеġǲܵˮľ֪βеĲиá
˵ǣڸֻˣٻЩˮľ쿴ȥҽɡʮǰδҰԭգͿսϽ˵ǲдֲľѶȼߵֲ뾫׼ˮľԼĿǰᡣʮǰһ̵ˮ׼Ȼڵľ󲿷ҽ߶ǿˮľʱ;Լȥˡ˻۾Ȼ۾򵥣ԼԼٳˡ
ԼˮľԭӦȥҸ֣룬ˮľתȥһ¹⼲硣
յĲУֻîϦճ¹⼲硣ˮľȥʱ򣬸պ¹⼲ŵʱ
ԴӸֻ֮ľҶҽԺЧʴ߲˵ԭһͨҽߣҲ˸ָˡӦģˮƽҲ˵Ĳٳԭ޲ߵ˲ˣҲ׷׵ĺתԺ
УˮľʵûаﵽʲôæȫҩҩЧЧ͸һĿȻܹ˺ģҲֻиˡ˻һ֮ǰû˱ȸֵҽǿˡ
¹⼲磬ȻҲʱѹ˹Ѿ˱ıԵǸ֣Ҳֻ䱣ѵʶָ֪תԶ
ˮľîϦյһʱͷˡȻͷʾл
ˮľĬĬߵǰɫ㲻¹⼲磬۾ǰ̽ˮľϻһ˿Цݣˮľ֪־ᶨȴѵر̣ʱӦûûʲôΣա
îϦպ˼䣬ˮľ뿪ˣ¹⼲飬ˮľʱҲû뵽̫õİ취ֱڶûзʲôתһ棬ˮľ뵽һЩԾȵİ취ʵҲ̫ʺ¹⼲硣ûо׼ĲƣͲʲôѧĿˣȻҲʲôЧˡ
ˮľֱһصʵҵʵĸ֡
ˣԵһᡣ
ţá
ãˮľԳô˻ᣬֵôоҽġ
ͬһʵңϡŹֵı׼࣬Ǹָϣѵõǡ
һˮľҴҵĿһ㣬ȻͷŻܡ
ִ۵Ķˮľûã෴Ƕ൱мֵֶľ̫ˣڣҽˮľϣʱû˸һĿܡ
˲һᣬͣĹȻˮľ˵ǸҩǲĺöżΪʹá
˵꣬ˮľӻ־ͽ˵
Ҳʡ¶ˣΪСԽ
˵꣬еĸֱֽ⡣
⣬ҿ֮ѾٵϣȻûҵֱӵĽķǣһЩмĶ˵
̫ˡˮľ˵˵
ָ⻹һȥء


181 ǿ֦
ֵĻˮľʱò˻ûãͱˡʱҲӢ¸˰ɣڶûУǹǺ
Ǹˮľһ˵Ҫһʱļڡ
׼ˮľû˵꣬ͱִϡ
˵꣬ɵġ
ʲôҲУ㿴ߣǶࣿ
ǸҪˣҲ𣿡ǿƵĸ֣ˮľҲòڨЦ
֮ĻҲΪ֮һϣ
ͷ۵˵Ȼʱݼе㲻ã仹һ̣Ҳǲ飬еϲ飬ҲܸĴӻա˵ɣݼٶã
һ£𣿡ˮľС̽˵
УˡֺĶɱˮľ쿪뷨
ǾͰ°ɣˡ
̫ˣһܡˮľֱ֣Ӿͱֿһ롣
һ̫ˣʮɣ
УһܣҪˡ
ˮľͼ͸ּۻֱۣӾϨˮľĻ𻨡
һܾһܰɣǿˡ
һܺҰɣкܶ༬ֵҪȥ
һܣһûʼ׼أ㿴ڻˣǲƣٿʼݼ١
û׼ʲôˣҲҪ죬ǲݼʮ첻ݰ
ͷ۵ĸŶͷ˵
ܲԱȥɡ
ãʮʮ졣ȻҲͲپˡʮϣҪκ߿ˡ
ãҿǳ˵㻰ˮľظ֤
ôɡ
˵⻰ĸ֣һݸˮľȻ֣ص˵Ҹ˵мŲúÿɣ
ˮľ˹Ȼ֪ʲôɵķƤȻ̯һۡ
ǰֵʱ׼ˮľҲһ
漴ˮľϾᣬһȻ˵̫ˡ
ҡҡͷѾڴ˺ö꣬ԴоȥҲû˶Щˡ
˵ţ̾һƺʲôһ¶˼ɫ
һᣬֽ˵ĿǰΨһ֪мŹ¡ˣԾͲǻöӡʹõķӡҲǴӺܾǰġԴĴĿ֮ӵľͨӡ߶ûгˣܹƳ³£ⷽˣʮ꣬㻹ǵһԣҲʡ
ðɣҾˡ
Ȼô˵ǾʹֿǵúˣˮľҲͲƳˣʱҲȷʵҪЩԼ֪ʶ⣬Լһо۵û̫ˡ
ţúÿ˵кܴ
ԣȻû飬ҵҪ⣬ƺԯްɡ
Ҿ˵ҽõúܺãȻһϸҽߡһͨõˣܶⷽ
ֶˮľĻƺĲͬ
Ȼе㲻ˮľҲ֪ʵ˵ҲϾҵרˮľƲЩҽʵˮƽҲı䲻ԼʵǸеʵ
ˮľֽ˵ûҲӦ˵ٰɡ
ǵġˮľͷȷϵ־ڷӡ˵ǿܹβ޵ķӡһˡ
շĳЩ棬ȷʵܴ󣬲м屻壬Ѿܾûˡ
ֻ֪мǿʵķӡͨ˸ͳܲ˰ɣ
㻹ûпƲٶԽԽðǸȷѡˡ
͵˵˵ûշ˵ñĲγɷӡˣǲ׽βޡǿķӡȻټҲǾ޽УǾ󲿷ֶҪͬʱʹãƼշֻҪһ˾ͿʹõģͼΪϡˡ
Ӧûôõɡ
ȻдۣͨĲôһ֮޵ĲԶġʡ͡ߵöβޣô붼е㲻˼ɣ
ôһ˵ĻȷʵǺ֡
ȻǺϸڣΪһеΧеǿǱȻ顣
һˮľ൱ֵͬ˵͵ľ壬еηӰ۵سģȭ˵Ϊ۶ġ
˵ˮľҲʹˣշֻһοûһƣȫհҲʺԼҳԼҪļֵ㣬ǹؼ


182 ͬС
ҪѽշŪֵĻǰͲᱻغ׵Ĳôҡβ޲ϾֻûӳԼڷӡϵس֮١
ӡͿԿǰʲôƲβ޵ˡΪֹˮľԼоɹҲвˣǴ඼Ҳϵͳˮľƴ˴յģʽЩͱ˴¨ӡ
ҲˮľԼ;ԣ̫ͣºܶʵѾֳɳɹĶˮľҲòԼ¿ʼоԸ˵۹⣬ƫС֪ʶ۵ĻˮľоҲòŲʱ򣬾ޱȵҪһЩ̽ԭеĳƷͰƷԼõķʽҸ־ͬϵߺú̽һ¡
ԡǰ̡ˮľȻӴЩ̫߶˵ĶΪ֮󣬲ǿһЩơһεĽշԾ󲿷˵ֻΪÿƷǶˮľ־ͨӡ߾Ͳһˡ
շˮľȻûϸǴе鱨мǿӴԼ൱ĴʵԶѡ
ܵѴˮľҲԤƣȣʹýշҪʣԲʲôطõģҾԲʲô¡ӡıֵӡͰٺ֮ӡıˮľ֮ǰһ˵ΣԡΪǧּԶףͬΪ˴еһ֧мʺͳԶԶĳһߡƾм˻϶Ϳɼһߡ
˶ٴˣڻʱܵβϮǿͬʱҲ͸֧Ĵ߻Ҫˣͼֲסˣͨ˸ͳֿܲµĸ
ԣмĽշ䱾Ϊӡһ֣ɬѶ۾˱ᣬѧϰѶȺͶļҪ󣬸֪߶ηּʱ˾رߣ˵˾һѧᣬѧˣûʲôáȭûаۣٺãѨǸ衣ľǧǧ֮ǰһƻʵǸǿûдĶ̬̹켣ֱֱͻ̣û˵ˣܾڵ˵ķ޵

ˮľؼҵʱʱѾˡЩˮľȻûж˯⣬ȲĴ˼Žշľᡣ
ȻеĲ࣬зĺۼʵ̫ˡ
֮ˮľǽһ顣Ȼʱ㲻еϸڣǴµԭˮľԤƵĲࡣм˲䱬ֶΣʹýշʱ޶ȵļĸɣֶϸ΢ƣʵ˴۽硣
̶ֳȣԿϢˮľˮ׼ʵҲܹϸľ׼ƣˮľ˵Ҳ㲻ʲô̫Ķͱһ㴰ֽһ㣬һ˻Ȼʵĸо
ָоӡٺ֮ӡֵЧʹ÷ʽ˵ơȻվھ˵ļϣܿøԶҲʡ˲ٹ򡣡
Ϊҽߵĸ֣Էӡ㲻þͨҲвԼļ⣬Ĳˮ׼ҽͶ˽⣬շοӡٺ֮ǴֻҪʱ䣬ŪĲ̫ѡ
ˮľĿǰķеĶϣûһֱܹϸģȫǶʣµʹЧʡӡշģʽĿǰˮľûзһֱܹӴڡģʽ⡢޻תܹ֮ͨȻ޻ݡˮľûм֪ôʵ֣ңֱʹȻҲ̫ΣˡûгԼоԼǧٿ׵֤־һ飬һҲ͹ˣѾҪһʵʱˡ

ľҶĴլԺڣȻǶСݵż棬ˮľµĲ豭һڣˮõڣʱˮľһ
Ǻöָߵ涼˰ɡ
ˮľķ²豭ĿŶüͷˮľṩһݽ׶о档
֮ķļ֣صķһߣȻˮľ˵ˮḷ̌Ȼžޣֳɹ˹Ŀ࿴
̫ˣͺá
ô̵ʱ̶ֳȣѾϲˡ
չʱҲһңܹڴԼ֮⣬ܹ֣Ѿǲĳɹˡںˮľش飬˳סͲǶʱܹɵġǧԸʱ䣬ǵȵġ
Ǿͺã˲ټ˵չˣܹر̫ˡ
ʱܹˮľδǧ活ȹΣյʱ䣬һֱֻ˳ƻӰλãˮľҲܹôϰģʽʱ䣬ûշԲ˵ײ
£˵ĺʵһݻĽװˡܹṩƽȺĻԣˮľҲòóһɻۣԼģڲ̫ҪѡʱܹվԼߡ
ڰۣˮľ˵ļֱһѪֻתΪʵ㣬¶İƷֲ²⣬Ҳǣ鱨̫٣޷֤ʵΪڼҺͷּҵķΣеовȥ
ҲǴķաˮľЦЦ˵
ûΪʵ˷ƣˮľ̰
Ǽˡ
ںˮľҲǶž޴ѹġˮľ¶ԵķӡҽƣＰ¡Ĳּ֮ΪעĿʵԼͨӡּҶˮľΪɵṩ˲ټľϲ˵׼˵ϸṩˮľҪĲʵ顣
Ϊʱǵ÷ּҵĳϼΪǿˮľŰѪй¶Σգˮľ־ͨӡ＼ļһƽȡ۶мĿܣԼȨ顣
ˮľһЦ͵ȡѪ£õ鷳ʵ̫ˡһѵ꣬ҪҪԼĵƣˮľָļһ򽻵
󣬻ǿӲ֮£ṩķּԶ֧ѪϸˮľЩһһ۵ĶûУ󲿷ֶǾڲûоѰ۵ĿԵıԵ
Ǵˡĳǣһôάͳĸ֮ˣҲֻмʶֻ۵ĿֲƣˮľŲġ޷͸¶̫㣬Ҳ޷ŷɣĺ
Ľ̸еĺܾãһֱȵ̫бʱ򣬲ŲҪˡ
˵ףˮľΪԴڲ棿
Դ϶ڲôʵ֣ҪúõĿ
ʵˮľѾ֪ˣΪתʵµӻû㹻ĲǿƶĻͬ͵İ۾Ϳˣ仰˵˵İΪƷֻҪ㹻࣬תʵֻҪ΢ôһ㡣
ֿߵ鱨ʱй¶ʱֻȸһǶǵ鱨ᶨģ㹻ȴˮľо۾ˡ
ҲΪʱˮľܹó̫ĳɹҲǲʵģҪˮľˣ˵ỳʵԣΪˮľġڵǡû֪Χ֮ڡ
˿ɫƺҲʶѾ˺ܾã룬Ȼ˵һЩ顣
ˮḷ̌ǰУָҪβ룬֪Σ
ΰǿ˲õ˲šȻԼһ͵ߣˮľҲ֮ʡ廹˲żüã꣬οܾͻﵽڵĳ̶ˣη
รôȻʲ˵ˮľᲢۣеˡ
ǾĿԴɣҪͻɡ
ҲǣݲţҲǼ¡
һʱ䣬ζںͻͳһϵͳļѵȻŲŻܹвǷȱȭǻ춼򣬵ǱϾȱһЩڲЩγ֮ε츳չǰ
岻ľҶһ壬ĺ˲ŲҼ˺ˣǽз
ղžǰԺʱ򣬿δųͻУˮľǴк
ˮľ۹Ϭп
ϴκ˵ʱᵽͳʱʮֵĲΪ⣬ˮľҲڶ䣬˵ҲѶȵ˲ţֻûҵʷʱδˡ
ȥһֱСƵĳŮû뵽һڸյԸǰҹٰ̫


183 ǿ
ĸпˮľҲֻЦЦû˵ʲôļŮ⣬漰̳˵ʱ˵һеĻûϵ˵̫е㲻ʱˡ
ƺûˮľķܣ˵ղҲֻǳ缸ӣȻͳΪڼңղȴ˷ּңΣ
ʱȻ¶µľٶˮľҲе졣ôأϾԼҲֻһˣЩ˵Լáңˮľܲýӡվͽĳ
ˮľûж˵Ҳվ
͵ɣʱҲˡ
Ҳá
˵ŵˮľҲվȻ˳ȥ
ûκͬˮľһǰһľСԺ
ˮḷ̌Ϊֶô
ǰ㣬ͻȻʵ
ͷҲ㣬ˮľʱҲı飬Ȼεôزǿ׻ˮľĿô˵Ҳ޷
ʵǳסɷĳ򣬵Ҳ˱ϮевҲûķաһЩ̰ͼݵ״ܾı䡣ǣܻһЩסġβյģܹķʱųĹԣʮֵѤöĿİɡ
ˮľ̵Ŀԭİ
ЦˣҲֻһ˵ϾΪһˣ񻹲Ǻ˽⡣
šҲûʣˮľҲһ
⣬ʵܸӣ漰⣬ˮľҲ˵̫࣬ûϸоһж˵ĿǰƲĻˮľΪȽϿ׵Ĳ²⡣
һĲ²⣬ıǺõģֻǺ֪ô˷ˡ
ĸϵֺķʽǱ㷺õģͱؿЩص˾ȵĸأ¸غ󣬼ʵͻƿҪֶΡһ֮ڰϵġεĸءĻܹͻʱϴǲСġˮľҲ󵨵Ĳ²⣬ǲΪĽת۲űһƷʹ÷ʧΪ⣬ŽļֿɱĶһ񼼣ΪɱϣļҲûбźˡ
һָܵĲ²⣬Ǿȷʵǿת۵ĹؼֶļǿڼҶԷּҵĿƣ仰˵ڼҪոּҴİתۣôּʵǾۼٷġֲ²⣬Եúڰö࣬ҸӵԽܡ񣬾һūȦȦ˴ķּİۣΪת۵Ķϡ
źǣֿӽʵĲ²⣬ˮľǺһ֡״ٵĴͲľĺ״ɣһָŷ
ˮľ˴լԺˮľ͵˴ſڣָߵҲˮľееܳͲӦ
͵ɣ̫ˡˮľȻ׼뿪
ţ´ʱˮľİɡ˵ţƺʲôһס׼뿪ˮľ˵˵ˮľ̲վҪȢˡ
ǵģûû뵽Ѿ֪ˡ
ţĻҲȥΪˮľ̵ϲɡ
ˣһۡ
㺮˼䣬ˮľת뿪ˡ
˲εչ¶ԼĽҲԴӵ״ͼ״ˣаǱ޴ΣϼľҶ̾ӢܣӴĹƵʣڸҪԼĻֳֹϡ˻ĲľҶĹǰʾ̬Ҫıô
תʱͷˮľҲֻʱһߣȻľҶĿꡣûֱӻؼңȻΪӦ껹ûꡣ
ˮľߡսţͱɽҶ֣ˣþˡ
˵ͦˮľһ˶ĿѾˡûô
еôˮľ
ǽ˲ˣЩǲġˮľʾһмſϴ춹
ɣҵǮɽҶʱһ塣ǮôˣǮҪˡ
治еģˮľ˿ŵɽҶû뵽һҲбյʱ
ȿȣô᣿ɽҶȻϣˮľƺе㡣
˵ŻǱߵϴ춹͵ȵòͷˡ
Ǳߵֹʲôأô⻹ûϣȰѾҲð
εˮľ˵ҶȥæɣԼҸλͺˡ
ο֯ҳǮģǸк𣿡
ǮҲǰˣɡ
Ǻðɡˮľ˦ΪɽҶҲûа취
ɽҶкԱȥ㵥ˮľԹԵ˸λѡڽǰЩʱŵԣҪΪ˸лЩ˶ԼӦرƼ̽ϳ˴ģҲǶһʱƵͻǻһֹףɡ
ʱæµôܹлһһʵ൱Ĳס˵ıȽˣһ¹ǵߵˣһСȦӣһߺȾһġľˣˮľߵšáͣؿûԭϲ֪ͲͬҲΪڴԳɰ˹굹ڳŸոճԺûõϦպ죬ɫȻܹܲųȾƣ治Ůкܡϴ춹ǱϦպģɽҶģˮľͲˡ
ôҲǺܶడ
ΧһȦˣǶİΪǰ¹һĴ˵̴ʦԳɰ˹ҲڳĴעȫ˴ȾƵϦպˡΨһȽֵģ񾭱Ƚϴִϴ춹ˣ˵С֮󣬸һʰС鷳ɽҶȥˡ
ˮľ˵ǰͷƺǿС˵һľе飬תͷˮľ˵
รҲеˣ
һߵ¹öžƱԵܹѹغף⻹г
˵һںȹƱľƣȻ³һھ
ټ϶ͺһҲұ֤ܹʤغף뻹ҪճˣĴĿӰҲǷ˾ţ֮ѹסߵһβǺη
⻰˵ģʵҲпϣ̽磬˴ĵˣǲ֮޲սϲҲᱻ־սȻβֶͨ˵޵Ĳһʡܹβһϳ̵ĸֺܹܶ࣬ʤβ޵ļ٣ھŴβս׵һβغҲһ
еԭܹغ·ӡҲǸ˲СĴ۰ɣҲһֻۣ˵㲻ҪһΣǿɾ͹Ǻˡ
ģʽˮľܹغ״һǲҪӮɾҪһԽˣԸûơȫƾսغףˮľҲвСʤϴҪǷƵҲô˳ľ·ӡβޡ
ԭôʲôʣܹβޣŶƽĻ˵ʵҲãҲգ˲𰡡
˵ŵ¹ô˸ãȻ˾ƱϵˮľЦƺٰ¹õľƱϡʵϴˮľͷˣ¹Ǿ̫УǷǳϲȾƵ֣ɽкһȾͷʵ൱ãԿȤԳ˺Ⱦơ
ƺΪ˾ƣƽʱеɢ¹ƺкܶ໰Ҫ˵
ô£õǴôʵǿĺ󱲳ͷҪȻɾˡ
¹ãǲǸ˵Ƕˣ
ɽкһЦŲ廰
ѵ𣿡˵ŵ¹ٴνľƺһڣȻƺʲô˵ҼҵǸСӣԴӵ̣½嶼֪ˡ
һ仰˵ڳ˶ˣƽʱû֣ȶ˵¹ãȻ˵Ц츳
һδͷ㣬ˡľ˵
£ľҶУãû뵽ԼѾĿʼһˡ
˵ţˮľͷ˿
ǰĿôԹˣƱľҲ˲٣
ľܹԼĵĻᣬɫľͳ궫ֶΣˮľҲúܣѹ̵СӶ궼û
ôˣˮľſòڵĿʵ
ûʲôȻԿôڱԹⶫӺܺ棬֪ĿˮľҲûôĺġ
ţһҪСģڵºУѾˣҼ벻͡
ǰɣż죿
һ뵽Լͷ­ᱻһҪǮҪͽ˶ϣˮľ;ûڡ


184 ļֵ
ͽ鷳մȾ˾ͺѰѡҲߵıؾ֮·ġԺĻڴ滹ãɾҪСˡ󲿷ͽ˶ˮľľӢʲôвǣҲмʵǿ֮нǶֻ켣еSΪ˳ɱͷĿֲڡ
˭Լ˶⣬ϧؽԼˮľҲͷΨһпܵľǡ֯ɽǶƿزȨֻǮĽǶ᲻ԸǮԸԼʵ˵һɵĿɰ壬ɱǧӳɰ֮ЫȻغֵˮľǲǻӭˣҪ˵ˮľҲ˵ûܣֻɰʵóһǮһɱҲû˿ôľҶߣΪ˳ĿʵںСһжģƾǴҩʦˡ
ˣˮľҲû̫ĵ뷨ô˶ˣԼôҲһʵǿ̣ҪͽǾֻܹԼʵˣԹñˡ
ˮľͽ˶ϵ飬ľҲһ£Դﵽ̶ֳȵľӢ̣ɱȻȡͽĲࡣ
һʱ䣬ĵĻûʲôˣʵдļ˵һ¹˵Ĺͬⲻ࣬ɼҵ˹ĵ飬ˮľһЩࡣҾһ˵ҲһЩ¡ԣΪξۻʵ֯ߣˮľҲòԾһա
ô˻ᣬҪˮľһ˵עȻ˵
ܣҺҵδǧ活׼ʽΪޣʱϣܹһۡ
ϲ°ϲˣˮľˮľļ򣬡ԺҲѻˡ
ɽҶҲ˵ϲϴ˵𣬻Ϊһʱ䣬û뵽ô͵ˡ
ţһ¹ȵĵأԳɰ˹ĽϦպ쵹ֵĸˮľϲ⣬ֵģϴ춹ˣڴֺͳͷŷͬһ顣
˵ľۻᣬиָıʣȾ¹ñ¹˻ȥȻɽкһҲ뿪󣬾ʣ˵ľۻᣬҲûþҪɢˡ

ˮľεǰɽҶһǮķԱһڨЦ֪Ǻá־̬ˮľҲòǰΧʣµǮˮľˡ
лˣˮľҪȻҪˡɽҶµ˵ĸϰ񣬾;ﲻ̤ʵһߵͨҲôѹȸС
ˡ
Ҳǣ컹鷳ˣ췢нˮˣҰǮ㡣
ˣҲ̫Կɡ̫಻˵ִθָ߼ۻᣬһĴɽҶǰ֮
´СۣͰɡɽҶҲûйƴǣϧһû
ţءҪ˵ͺˡ
ˮľ֪ɽҶ˵¹⼲硣Ϧպ춼ܹ𽥿Ժ¹⼲绹ҽԺĲϣȻǰĻԲǿ˲٣뿵ңңڣĲ飬֪ܲгԺһˡ
˵ֲĵĻ⣬һʱҲôеĬ
֮˾ͷֱ뿪ˣֻľˮľһͬ·ԻһʱܹͬС
ˮľõģʽɣ
˵ƣ·ĵʱľͻȻʵ
ţҲ֪
ҵʦĴĿӰҲģʽֻԶԶķ֮õúðˡ
֪ʲô
ĴĿӰˮŻģʽˮľҲ֪ģľܹ֪һ㲢֡ʱˮľͲ²Ŀˡ
ҵʦϰģʽʱ˵֪Ȼһ棬һɻȱǾ޴Ĳҵʦͦһ㣬Ȼ٣ҲԲ࣬ϵĲ죬ģʽܲ˳
ܲ˳ֻǿ˵ɣášвˡٶ̫һͽʵԴۿۡ˲ϢսʱۼȻ󰴲Ͱĸ֪ȻݼŵսĲԣĴĿӰˮŵĴ˵УͲģʽһ㡣
ţĴĿȷʵûʲôģʽĹ
Ҫ˵Ĳˮľľҡҡͷ޴Ĳһ㣬ͽ󲿷ߵģʽ֮⡣ңԭΪҲ㡣
ʮ˽Լȱ㣬ľƾͲǲȽ϶ͣټдʱ޿̵ĴģͺģʽֶԵˡˮľʵҲֻйоصͣڵʣӵˮľڲϣȴ󲿷ҪࡣǣϾֻͣͨߵķ룬ˡβޣûȡ˵ˮľҲעģʽ͡ȴɹˡˣӵ˾޴̵»Ṣɱһһ֮ѹסһβغףǿϢǺٴ֣ǣģʽɹˣȷɵʵ
㵽ôģ
ʵģô˴Ĳɣ
ϡٵĿ֧ĥʮľԲ£˹עҪĶࡣ
Ϣˮľ˵ش
Ȼ𣿿һľʱ
һμˮľʹϢʱ򣬻̿ԵĴ᳡̨ʱϢֻǱ¶ڱϢε鹦ãû¶߲ԡ
̿УҰӣȻҲʹϢйעģǴҰӣֳ־׼Ŀ츳սɣԼǷǳʵõĲܵʹ÷ʽǰһĬĬڰ޴׵Ϣȴֻ֪ΪҰӣ̵ָľףʣҰӣĲǶôûֶΣͼ̶ֲ˹ʱ
Ǹʱ̫࣬ټϢϾˮľĶ̸Ұӣˮľĸѡ񣬵Լ̫̽Ļе㲻ʱˣһֱѹĵסһˮľϵıֳģʽܹ˶ãľͻὫЩ鳹˰ɡ
ˮľ˵ʵ̸Сӣ̫ˡ
ô𣿡
ǵǣСӣֲܹ֮ǰٵĲľ޴ȱ㣬ûСӣ֪Ҫ߶·
ǲ
˵̫ˡСӣ˵˵ЩСһﲻ֪ļֵͲԼ˶ĶݣΪ̣ҲܶԴ˲Ųʡ
ֱֲܹģʽȱͲɲǼ򵥵Ķˮľ˾ԭѹ׵ľ̽ĴͳУһ˵ֻᴫ̳²ĵӣʶһ¶ѡ


185 ֮·
ľĻˮľһᣬȻ˵۾ԵļֵĻȷʵԹǱô޶ΪǿûУÿļֵͬʱҲǺѧϰѶȹҹġΪľҶУмܹѧû᣿
Ӧû˰ɡ벻òεشңҪܶס
ԿľҶʦͷԼѧϰѣ־͸ˡ
ңûƷϢسĲ㡣̽粹ֶ̫ˣҲоٳٰɣ
ϢЧЩƵӡղѪ޽磬̸þ˵Ĵֲ̼ҩ趼һ֡ϢڴҰӣľˮľӵüֱɹǻˣ˵ѧѧĻᣬѧˣôĲʲôż֮ôֻҪĲܷسߣŻỨѼľȥѧϢ
ˮľķʣľһʱҲ֪ôش
Ȼʱ˵㣬ˮľ˵Ҳվסš
ľɲôúƵˡʵˮľҲףղŵĻҲֻתƻǿʶˡˮľܾǰʶˣ⻹Լǰ֪죬ûȫӦ̽ļֵɵĺͬͽĲˮľһֱûʶԼҲﵽһ̶֮󣬳ΪĿԼһѧļֵǶôľˡЩɹȫʵ֣֧һСߴ嶼㹻ˡ
ǣҪһ顪Ϣô̸˴ҰӣڵʱˮľֻһͶʼѧֵ̽ķĶڿȷʵе㲻ס˵ˣԲ̽紫ͳΪʵսֱˮľףԶ⣺ѪкӢۡ
̽ӹ磬Ӳ˵縴ӣΪ̽ȷʵж֮˵Ҳܼ򵥡ӴͲľ崫Ѫ̽ߣ֪ʶĴо̽緢չƶӢ۴˵ʷ
ˮľΪ޹ضԴԼο޹ؽҪ⣬ƻΪǲ̫ʵģˮľԼýҲ޷Ҳ˿˳ۡ
Ȼ֪ˣһѡĻҲ̫ıɡ
ֵּ۵Ĳ죬ÿϵıҲǲͬģˮľͲΪ޹ؽҪΥĵѡ񡣺οʹٿԼ˳ۣ˭ܵôࡣֻҪԼʵǿܹܵס˿ԼѹԸһΣʲôϵ
ˮľȻһνӣľҲû̫⡣
ˮľȻʱ䲻ǶҲǱȽ˽ģܲϣСӣҲ¶֪Ժô죿
Ȼô˵ˮľҲܵɵˡȷʵˮľ£ǲᵢҰӣˮľĴҰӣлøֵͬôͶʦʵͺĺҲ˶١
ҪףҿԽ̵Сӣһû⣬ʵһеģᵢСӣķչǰ̡ǣɾ˷һҽĲŻˡҺŪ˿ԣѵ㻹ףҽҾǸ׵׵С
˵ţˮľͣһ£Ȼ֣ص˵οһ㣬ҲҪСӣ˵ԸģԸͷ㣬ǣҾòҪһжźãߵĵ·ҪԼȥѡ񡣡
СӣѡŸˮľѧϰΪһͨӡսߣǰʦ֣ΪһҽߣҪȵСӣãٰһȽϺʡ
ľˮľĻ֮Ĭãˮľ֪Լʱ˵ˡ
Ŀڲţί˰֮ľſЦȷʵļˡ
ʲôôż
ͷ۵˵뿪̫ˣ̫߰٣񶼺٣Ҳ˰ţò̫࣬ڰѴ󲿷־ˣôСӣȻ͵ţȻĻԵ̫ƫˣ
֮ǰĻˣ㻹أ֮̿ǰˮľԿԹƵĻû뵽ȴסˡ
˵еǷˣûпǹСӣԼ־
ǹңɲҪСѧǻҵԼҪߵ·ġ
ôõĴʦû뵽㿴͸
Сӣãҽ˶ãѧУľԶˣ
ҲԡʱҪǿҪҲŲ鷳¡
ڱԹ𣿡ˮľǲˣľ̵߰ҪɡͬѵǲˣʦĴĿӰĶӣɣ㹻ˡ
ţˮľҸôƺеãʵ
̫ˡȻҵԼ·ֻҪȥͺˡ
Ҿе㵣ģֶʵǿްһСģͻɱʧĿ档
⣬ˮľûشˮľɲͿ̸ûд𰸵⡣
ţҿ쵽ˣҾȻȥˡ
ͬ·һѾˣˮľҲȥϢ
ţлҸˡ
ϾҲʦ

ҹ΢ķһ˵ƵˮľʵѾ˲٣صҵʱ򣬷ַĵƻš
Сô
ˮľŽȥȻδԼ
ˣСӭ׼סˮľôȾˣǲϲ𣬻ôࣿ
ģû١ˮľʾ˲òȻףݸСڼûˣһûϵ
С𣿡
߽ϴ䣬ϴ˰һµˮľʵ
ѾԹˡ
ǾͺãҪһȥˣϤһҵǡ
ЩѾʶˣǸף̵ľۻôȥͺˡ
ǿϧˡҿǷ˲μӻģڵĻòˡ
ţûϵġСЦЦҺǿǲͬΪףĽҿ׼ġ
ڼæҿʲô
Եȡ˵ŵСóһ˫źɫȫָ
ףָо
׵ĲʼΪ֣ƺǽʶʶĸоȴǶǡ
ţˮľϺԣĴ൱㣬Ҳ൱ûӰֲ
ʲôģԴΪˮľʵ൱Ķ
Ҫ˵ˮľ⼸£ĸλࡢƵʣ֡
Է١£ÿ߶൱̵ĸ򡣲ϰսӽԴģһСľͻᱻˣˮľҲࡣ


186 Ӱ˼Σ
Ȼ˫е֣˼֮󣬷ȷʵ͸Բ̫ÿе㲻֮⣬ĵûзʲôá΢Ĳ㣬˵ʵ㲻ʲô
оôСˮľ׵Чϣʵ
ûʲôëƫ˵ָȭ׿ܸʣˮľͣӵĲԵ߲̾ʺϵġ
㻹û˵أʲôģϲ۲Ͱɣ
ͺãѵǺܶ࣬ΪҪĲϣԳġ
ԳˮľɻʵǼʲôʱֵĲˣŪֵĶ
СЦȻóһѾ޴ıС
ףⲻҵսƷ𣿡
СóľǷɶεѪ൱㣬ܳˮľһܰβſµȭͷû̫𻵣ɲһܹġ
ʵıкܲŪ֡˻Ǯ⣬ȡķʽ൱խͺñڲ֮ľɱҵٲնǲûаն״󵶴ԭ򣬳˱ķϵĿ֮⣬һҪԭǣ˺ʹá
޴󡢶Ҵһ㶼ֽšϲȫ˵ܱͨӡԼơһļ̳ȷϣЩֱʹͨ߷ӡǿٻءʱһЩ޴ֻΪսƷҫһ£ûʲô塣
ˣˮľõѪûϽҲû˵ʲôлȷʵˮľĶΣҲȷʵûҪ塣˵Ѫֽţʲôͨӡֶѵõˮľ
Сôģ
ˮľɫĿѷɶεĳѪڱѪˣµУˡ
͵ԲԶˮľģʽ϶Ҫһû뵽ôȱһ顣
Сеε˵㲻˵ǲãһøôҾԡ
ԣôԣ

˵ţС˫ֺʰȻ󻺻ſ֮䣬һſĵɫţСĿƣ潥ĳֵһЩϸĵ绡
Ŷ
ˮľʱˡԵĲʱ仯ܱ䣬ľˣֹǿĲԽһ𣬲ʵֲ̫Ҫǽ˵ˮľģʽɸǿСָͲǿʵҪǿһ㡣
ҲֻǲôôԡƺԻûͰˮľղƷŪɲдƷе㲻˼
ԣȥ˫ף
ţһȻȥ˵㶫
һ㣿ðɣС˵һ㣬ˮľҲͲƽˣһƬжˡ
Ҳ㲻ӣ滹ʲôһڱӰɣ
еҲսƷϴδĿܲƬ
ܣˮľһ㶣漴ӦС˵Щ˵Ŀܣɰ֮ЫΪĿʦҲһɫĴʦԼĿʹõĲϣҲıڼҵսУܹˮľģʽĻݻܲģѵһĺزġԣˮľϾ֮࣬Ҳ٣Ժ˵ܹóû뵽αСȸˡ
ҲãðɣСҵ˭ģղ´ʲôҲȥԡ
ľҶ̾ôҰɡС˵һʶģѧУŮѧ꣬Ľˮƽ൱
ﰡˮľͷ²İȻˮľǺҪ̾߸񶷵ͣʵ൱СҲûжٻȥˣżȥģҲοڳ
ͺáСοĵͷһʱֿ죬ˣڲʲܹòĲģҲû˷ѣǲĽˡ
ˮľȱһƵס
ҲɣϧһôĹӣҲòˣԺȫˣʲôأ
ʱ޹ؽҪһߣˮľС˵Һ⣬´οɲҪΪ޹ؽҪ̫ˡ
šС˵ĵͷ
Ǿɡˮľ˵ҿոյǸϵʲô̶ˣ
δŵֲʱ仯ںϺĲˮľҲ㲻ͷûвοˮľҲ飬С¶ʵ̫Σˣһ̾߶ֲ˶ã֪жôΣաʹ｣ֱ۲зϣ֮ĲôҲôƽ͵Ķ
Сٴ̯˫֣ˮľǰʾֵĶ
¶֮ǰͬһΣǰ̻ʮ㣬ǿƵøӵࡣ
ϢϰûжĽչ𣿰˵ҲԷӡİôôѣ
ţչϸľϸʵ̫ˡ
ǣΪʲôõôã
С˫֮伱תĵɫ򣬴м䣬ϵⲿϸ緢˿ȴ쳣۵ĵ绡ȴСĿ֮£绡ڲı治ϵ߮γһȦ״ķɽĵ𻨵С
ܸоƺܼ򵥣Ĳǲʹ
ðɣҵרľҲ仰̺塣ˮľ۵Ĳʱ仯ɣȴڲĲƲ̫óھָĳ֮Ϣ״̬ʵҲ˵㡣
оʲô仯𣿡
ûУǾʹõʱ̫Ļͻúƣ
⣬СҲӵв֪Ѫ޽ˡǲʲôΣĲö֪
ķĶԱȽû
ţʱûκη֡
δǧ活ɽկڷ׻϶֮ǰѪϵı仯ӦñֲŶԡ
ֻǡСƺʲôֹ
ôˣ
˵һʵ״Һܲˮľʲô°ɣ
ָһ
ǰϮľҶʱ򣬱һ塣Сǵ˵ȷǸˣ
ȻǸ˾ˣôˣǰ׾ˮľɵùеʵ㰴ҵķ˰ɣҪ÷ҩ
ˣˮľǣһȥʱϸܹôǿˮľʵҡҪԸĵˣʲôˣԣӦ˵ʲôĶ
ҲǺСǵļңһᱣӵġ

δ˵˺ܶ࣬ʱˮľʵѾ˺ܶܶˣһͨߣҲһӶﲻˮľ֮߹ĸ߶ȣˣȻβƴŬˮľƺΪĪΣ׼Сܲ޷δ˵̫͸ˮľҲֻܾοСĵġ


187 ֱرץ
׾⣬ʵ鷳Ϊǧϸĸ壬оܶࡣһֵǣǧѾ˺ܾãҲѾ꣬ǣϸȻлԣһʮֲ˼顣
˵ǲΪǧͬǿ˵ܹõǰϸĻ־ŲغʹôһʬҵлԵϸ󻹵漣־Ųضֲǧϸϸǿκ־ŲػƣܷɣƵ־ŲزòôдѹơȻˣǧϸд˭ѹ˭ҪؼǣʬϸȻôֲԺһдۿ⣬γƽʹ־Ųصȶ
ǿˮľ۲ǲܵģеΣգҲǲɿƣǲǧϸŪ˰׾Ȼ˺ھͲľҹ־ˮľɲҶⶫ֣һʲôɿƵΣգǿɾ鷳ˡڣ׾壬ʱҲֻǴڳо׶ΣĿǰչ൱һ㡣
ؽ⣬ҲһҪ׾ɡûҵƽǧϸķ֮ǰⶫǿͦãʵûʲôõӻĿǰΪֹ޵ļʵҲԺףûһƷͲʹá
ð׾ϸҲʱһ¡ˮľĿ꣬Ƿӡշ
շмԲʹ÷ĲˮľĻŪһˮľ桱ӡҲǲܣǣӡĲʱ̫ˣһͲˮľʹ÷ˣɿõĲԼҪġ
ôҪľǸϢô
Ҫʱ䣬лˮľ˵̫ܲҲǳϦ֮Ϳɵġ˵ǣϣ̽Ҫһ൱ʱȶˡȻܻвҪˮľȥɣܱȺ֯͡S̵Ҫöˡʣµʱ䣬ˮľ˵㹻ˡ
շֶԱ˾һߵķӡˮľ˵ȷһأľեȡٸͷһ˵дΪ
ϧԭƻڼһ죬úÿмɫӡʱһˮľĲ衣
һԼļһˮľҲǷǳΡ
ⲻڼôôң
׼ԼȥֵľˮľɫҲ̫ÿ
Ҳûа취飬ʵЩ⣬Ҫȥ
ҲеεЦšôһ׼ɵĵӵķţҲе㲻ס
ðɣԵһᡣ
˵ˮľþ
Ȼתȥϴһ
Ҫ׼ʲô𣿡
ˮľʵǲʲôҪսĽҪҪ׼̾ߵȵȡ
Ҫˣʲô£㻹Ҫ׼
׼ˮľɻʵ
ţҲ˵㵽˾֪ˡ˵ţƺɫŹֵ˵ִ˺Сģ
лˣСʲô͵ʲôҪģͬˣ

Ӱ칫ҵʱˮľʱ֪һͷ޵ĺɫͷĵӰˮľʱһͷ
鷳ˣһ¶
ˮľʲô˵𣿡
ˮľˣ;վһԿŸְһˮľ
ûСҿû˵κμٻ
û˵ٻûʵߵ˵
Ҫûʲô̻Ե޹Ͷ㣿
һ߾ǿˣҲ̣Ǳġ
ðɣˮľΪ̸еǣⲻǱ̸ô̶ûʸֻܵ̽๷һĶ
廰ҲöһСŮƢ
ˮľЩ飬ϣףֵ֮ߣṆ̀Ҳ׵ķŹ
˵ŵĸ֣ݹһļˮľ
ڸովһǿɨľҶһͶ½̣ôǷǳ֡
ˮľӹֵݹϣϸķһ¡
Ŀ¼ôǽͦϸ
ˮľͷ۵ĿһսսȻ˵Ѿ֪ôˣҾͲ˵˰ɡ
ô˵㶼ˣֲŵ˵չһСŮʲôô
һߵľҲĿˮľƺǲϾҪȢ޵ˣȻ顣
ˮľ̾һȻָָԼͷϵĻȻָָһͷ췢
ʲô˼ˮľĶֺ;Ǻס
ǰ죬ҵǸӡ
ӡŶ˵Ǹ˵ʲôϵףԡ
ǿ˿ˮľĻȻڿ˿ȵվ
㲻İɣĿȷ𣿡
֤ѰɣһӦò
û뵽ȻҴߡǰϸΧһѹȸŵСŮˡ
ִˣûòһԵľȰΪ̫ʧ̬ĸ֡
ţ֪ˡƺʶԼֹе㲻ĸٴ칤ϣˮľ˵вҷǳľٶЩжеɡЩʱһߣСŮмŹµĿȷϣһж˵Ƕ׫ģͺúõ׼һ˵Ұɡ
мŹݵļֵ̫׼ȷĹȥһɫӡһ㣬͹̴ͷˡҴӸϽδܼʱԮмľҶһֱҲѰµȥԼҴߣһЩ϶ûҵʲôмֵҴߣû˵û뵽ڣǰվһλ
ִˣҵ۹ɣͷΪĲԻķɫǲ
м壿һԺ֪ľֱʱ׸ֺˮľ˵ʲô
ɡֵñȸָŵľһǰƯͷ첲·ҪúÿΪһ壬ʲôӡ
ˮľεĿȺıݣоβǶôôټְɡǸ֣ˮм岻İŶԡ
ָϽл˾ţһѽˮľոտϣӽͰ
£͵ɣˮľ׼һңЩ飬дϸһ㡭
ˣҾˡ
šֵͷСŮЩҪȻԼȥ㡣
ִˣôӰŲͺô
ǵ鷳Լ
ðɡˮľҲֻôӦ
ؼҵ·ϣˮľҲое㼬֣֪ͨԼȻԼðﰲţû뵽һôɵ㶵ţָյͶԼǺˡ
Ϊˣˮľòó˵£ǿаעģˡ
ɭչշ֤֤ˣɾͳ׵ĻˡȥúСһ£


188 ɽկһˣ
Ӱ칫ңˮľȥָƽΪŮԵĸֺ;ʵûʲôչСŮľ顣еŵֿ֪ʼο
ˮľ뿪ΨһϱȽϤ˲ڣøӵˡ
ԽԽΣæʾ⾲ȥΧ
ͷ˾ʦܲСŮԾԵñʵҪСһݣ˵ȽϺ˵һ㡣
ýšЦ˵ûжˣǰֻһᡭ
һЦݵľûнӻӵؼ۵ԲΪУԺɵľжһǷ˵ѣЩӲĸ֪һǴ⻹Ƕ⣬Ҳܹ֪š
ԣԸֺ;̬ȣźˮľһ֮ٵת䣬Ҳ˽һȻΪֹǶ˿еġм塱㲻ףǣӵдΣ˳ѵǿ˵жϳԼĿǰĴ˼ĺתֻΪ͸뾲̫Ϥ֪ôػˣڵֻһʧСŮļǿ־ǿԸԶ
ǲ˵ҲֻöԾ˵ȥҽƲúüһ£ȻһݵǼǸҡ
Ҫϸһʲôƣ⣬Ҫʵһ£һƬģΪ˵ĺ־Ͳˡ
ž뿪칫ʣ¸һˡһ֮󣬸ִӳóһϣϷƬȻ뿪õˮľ
־ķϣණԶԶȹϢҪ࣬Ϊֻ֮һΪƼεֲ̣ûϸĵ顣뿪ľҶô꣬Ͳǵ뿪ʱˡΪһʯ̣ûоصĿ죬ô
УˮľѧУۣʱڵƽӹʱڵµµΪмԵĿɾٶԼеعʧ⵽˼ΪĴȻ»ΣڣҲһЩˮľû͸¶Ϣ
ļУȫҩúͿĿģΪ̫ٶ޷֤¸²Ҳò̽ͬʹɰһΣѹϦպ򵥶ֲ˵ĻУжϳˮľóһһŤת˾ƣӶֵԮĵºľҶ鱨ҲһƬǽս飬ǳһصĿƬûҵʲôõĶºΪӰĿȱ֮ȸֻʱʱǨ͹˵ĺʱ
ϸ˵ʵôһְҵ̽˵鱨ӻʤļʣĵƣõ֪
ⷽˮľҲ㷶ʲôֻЩĶ̫ˣǧĺ塪򶼶ˡ
ֿˮľƵ鱨͸е鷳ͻӰһϵ̫ӽȻ󷢻̫ǿӰܲ˿ĵ飬Ҷˮľʶ嶼۲ѵĶҲ൱ĺ档
һҪҸú̽̽סʵǿļһҪôѱ֮ҪôǸֹôЩͷӸʲôһôĲʹ

صеˮľҲǸо쳣շһᣬôȥһ뵽мҪоһֳɵˮľҲֵĲʵΪʲôԼֱӹԼˮľҲ൱⣬лһҪúԺСﵽ׸ʲô
ô
ˮľǽһߣʵЧֻ̫ܻͣĿңǰһɽկǰ˵ĴҪϸ롣˵ҲеϣҲ֮С漰⣬Ǳģǡǡԭ⣬һֱԵ֮
ԴڶĿӰǧ䣬һֱ˶ΪĳԣΪ鱨оһŷʵ־죬ع飬ʵ̫ʺߵˣ߼ǢΪϢû˻ɡʵô
֮ǰˮľ͸Ӱβ޾ΪƵŪɽկָһʵһֱˮľΪֻ̽һɺϣǡӰĴڷʽβƣȻӻ档
ǰɽկϢȫô¡
Ȼûôɺϡ
ɽկ鱨ӰͲΪʲôּ򵥵ɲſġһʼӰĴڣģβޡӴӰ֮ʵϾһûݵ£β޵Ĳģˡ
ɽկֶΣɲˮľ״ǧڡ
˵ľΪʮβòָγƾŴβʵֻΪ̫ͨ͵ȣûоĹֲ˶೤ʱˡ
ˮľβޣģβޣⶼ޿ɺǵһ¡ϧǣӰվֻһƷǧ䲻ҲʲôģʽûиƷʵĲʵ顣һϵûüԼ뷨ͱ͵ϮµƷı̽֡һֱڣˮľųŪ˴ıʵʲô
ĻʵؼһȻڲ֪бԼˡ·Ȼ߶ˡ
ԭֻһʱ˼ײŪĶû뵽ԭͳϾȻͶĿӰǧ䲻ıϡҪǧˮľϵȫҩ¡ʱ＼ܹﵽڴоˮƽ˵ɽկͳˣǵȵˮľֵ
ԭԵĶȻĿǰûиˮľʵϵߣǣȴָˮľϵչķ
ΪУģβ޵Ĵôãûƫ
β£Ҳˮľһ˵뷨غ£Ŀǰɹһðˡ

ٽʱûȵСȴѰݵˮľСŮЩţˮľҲñԹĻ˵ڡ
ˮľ̾һʵִ˸㰲ŵס
Ҳ֪ûаš
ǰɡˮľʱһЦסģ
Ӱ˵ˮľʦİš
ҰţˮľʱЦãеطšףԣеط
ˮľͻȻԼʵиطģ˵׻ҪСһ¡
˿ˮľŵˮľʵʲôʲôسܹóô
ܹƣҲ֪ܹʲôŵشϲռˮζҲΪС
ζˮľͷǾɣ˵á
ˮľ˵ţһ춯򿪣Ȼͼδǧ活˽žͳԾĿɵɵĴŵ


189 
⣬ˮľԭǲĵģԤûô磬ҲӦþôš
СǸܺ˵ˣǲûˮľᷢƢ
ԭˮľ׼֪ͨԼ󣬺Сһôġûκ׵ģһİСŮص飬ô붼Ҫ⡣
Ľܣˮľ൱İյģССˣչһСŮҲʲô¡ؼˮľһֱ飬Ͳ˵ˡҪΪ޵ˣش˭¶ῪġСҲֹһʹˮľĵİһЩ̫ˣ˻һ磬û뵽С䲻ĳǰ
죬ѵõĺСһԵ緹Ϊһˣˮľڡ
Сʲô˵𣿡
˱гĳԵĽζˮľɵʵ
ûʲô㶼źˣͰ˵İ졣
Сƽ˵
ǻҪæôһҲΪ
ˣһС£ӦȴôƽҪԽˡ
ڸյδޣȻһֱڸв̫ǿǣʵǸ൱ˣĴ⣬ˮľҲ˵ı䡣ϵ̽磬ƵŮߣܶ඼ֳ൱ǿƵڣϵСһʱˮľ̽类ûŮߣҪĸһᣬܱľҶ󲿷ҪöࡣͿǲʱ仯ϵ츳̾Ϊֹ
ˮľͷ۵ʱ򣬳˲ٶ̧ͷǵʵǲǸ鷳ˣ
ûµģҪ鷳Ĳ㡣Сο˵
ԲˣСԺһˡˮľҲֻڨЦ˵㿴ǲǾôȥˣ
ŶСÿɷӦһȻ˵ˮľЩ飬ȻҲȫס
ʲôͻȻĻ⣬ˮľҲе֡
ڵ״̬ΣգˮľСжˣȷʵûƭʲôǣûʵ顣
չʱˮľе㲻
ڵʲôˮľһֱû˵СĿˮľ۾֮оɹͰƷЩ˲õĴɱˣ㻹ô
㻹ʳôЩӣΪˡ
˵ŵˮľ˫֣ӡתŷĽһˮľС̸ʱû˯ȻѸٵ˵ڲ˹ȥ
ڲҲƽˣҶеţǶʱڿ϶дˡıȴû˿и׼ʲôҪѾ̾ӢضԴִҲˣʱӦòõ־Ųسϵɣ
֪С
ֻ飬ˮľʲôסӰĴȣʵʵˣؼǵ̫ǿˣֱֻأˮľԼһĵرǣͰԼŵˡ
кĻַһһͷһһû¶Īڣˮľ;һһѶԸץʱ䣬Ҫǲʱ̽˶Ĳˡ
ΪʲôҪŪôණ
ˮľĺܶʵ飬ʵڵµıԵȻû⣬ǲԺû⡣С֪󻹲УȻΪ˰æͬʱҲΪ˷ֹˮľ·ԽԽԶһ㲻ʰ
ڻ޷˵̫࣬СҿԸǣеˣǿǿûаա
ǿжǿ֮һĴҲ˻ǿôǻиִô
̣ˮľЦҪǿĶࣿ
ʲô̽绹ǿزˣ
ǻܹΪ˵ĻȷʵǴڵġ
ˮľ˵ʵСҲòŷӦ
ģǻǿ¡
˵ˣ
㲻ƭҡС˵˵ѵ£ǲġ
Ȼôе㰲ĵĸоܾе
ˮľûѰôִҲôˣӦû˵ġ
һЩĬûͷ鱨ˮľҡҡͷ˵Ļ˻ô
ˣ鱨ԴҲһ⡣˵ĻҲ鷳ڣСŮ³çΪ¶飬һ˵һЩ˵ĻˮľҪͷȥͣ磬̿ԵʱΪʲôԼûʱֵȵȡ
ˮľ⣬СҲԶԡ˶ѡˮľġ
룬СʵСŮҲ׼ıҪֶ֮һ
ɣʵЩʱ˵вСļֵȴûôɻȱˡ
֮ǰ˵ˮľдãڣûôҪˡ
аɣҴ
СɿˣˮľҲǷˡˮľһˣûհС

ԭֻľҶ֮ˮľڴȴԵˮľһڴҲǶˡϧǣˮľɲҪԭر۵ˮľڴϣʱҲָָ㡣
ΪˣڴոƽʱҲв˹עû뵽ˮľͻȻһСŮָյĸһΪɣ޷Ĵʱ򡣸֡СϢͿʼܿƵĴˡ
˵ʲôѰѰ֮ĻĻ½չ֪ŮӡİԾͨСļ֮ͥģʼľҶľ䶼㲻ˣϤĻȫͰˮľһʼڸ׵ģ˵˽ŮѰ׵ĿҥԣҲ֪ĸֲ´ļһȶ˵ġˮľòʱʧǰȱܱܷͷ˵
ѧУھҵģʦҰ³ˮľﲻߣҲǷǳͷۡ
ˮľҪãһˣ㲻ҪôûʲôҪ
Сڣû¡ڳȥֻﵹæ
ǣ϶Ҳǰ취
Ĵ˶˽ҵģĶǲ֪µСӣҳϲ
ðɣҲȻʦҲûʲôˮľȻˣǲǸѧϼڿν̵ʲôƽʱûʲôѧУڿΡ
Ҫݼ١
ô˵ҲУѾҵѧ˵ˣѵõ̾ӢϿΣҶܸȤء
³Ҳѧˡ
һߣӰ칫ңյļⱨ档
и𣿡
ЩˡһԵľ˵ЩѾ㹻֤ˣˮľ˵ȷʵû
ţˡȻѾŵˮľĻƾʵ֣ȫˡ
컹ʲôҪô
СҲеϵû鱨پǣӸٴİƺ˵״


190 Ϣ
ˮ֮ҲʧĿŹ֮ͽʧӰ١ԭٵԺΪܹնû뻹Ǳӵˡ
ռ𣿻޲ߵֶΡ
ͨͨҲȻҲʮʱռѲ֮ս϶ĳ䲻һ棬Ҫս֮鷳԰ٺͶԾƵƿأһĴԣǿʵҲᱻŪڹ֮䡣
ԴӼǰˮ֮֮ӵи֮ҲˮĹȣжʵ̫˳ˣֵط֮Դ̽鱨ΪҲ˵ˮʱĸܡ
ڷյˮ֮棬Ϊ֧ŵߴ壬ӺܶǰѾʼʵвпѪȵѡˡĻ£ԭɰۺʵڲ֮壬ԴûƵ£ֺ̭ߣȻھʵϻѹɰһǸʵϵƣΪصǱͰɱһؼϣóɱ߷Ҳʹʹ̽ߣ̫ϲ˴򽻵ټˮ֮Զ½мдͨʹӵķնΪ֪ΪߣڲìܣΪĳЩԭµĶӵѪ޽ߵżʹľʵûͶ䵽½̽ĸӰҲǺܴ
ԭ򣬵̽ӰԶ̴ɰ壬Ȳ̴̴Ķ֯ĴĿˮӰʸȨ֮󣬳ϵļǿѡƵѪȳ̶ȣѪ֮Ǵ̽硣ԭ츳ܹȫβʸ֣ԭһֹۿʶ뷨ˣȴڵˮӰ󲻾þʵбˮӰϿѪߣʵ˴۾
ܴӰ죬ˮ֮СС߼ӵĲɱˮӰʹҲ˷ΪˮӰʸ֣һնĺܲˣ䱾ʵиӷյߣ׵Ľˮ̸֮֮ɫĿֲش
£ˮ֮ûҲͼ֤巭츲صı仯һصң¶鱨ȴĿɿڴһֱĻĴĿˮӰȻͱ˿ơ󱻽˻ʸ֣Ȼɱ²顣飬ΪʧΪܵݾͲڣĴεʸҲû̫ͱŭɱȻһǿڸֵŮߡڤϵˮӰ֮λǿѪ޽ڤĿʼ縺ĿˮӰְ
ΪľҶߵҲĿһзȴΪֻѡԹ̴ۣңҲּߣʵ̫ˣر漰һԵӰĸʱ
ҲҲһڽ硪Ƿİ£ҲǷһЩ˿˳޵鱨ҲһҲһЩڿռǰκε׷٣û̫塣
ǲޣһ֪ӵд۵ĸô֯صúȻ̴֪֮һ
ʸֱɱĶ̶̵ʱ͸¶鱨ʵھˡǲʮֹռϷ粢ɱһˡȻǰǲͲд֮£ѾǷս֮ˣʸʵǿʵͲд̫졣֮ǲдۿƣǾ͸ӵˣǶʸ֣Ƕ˵ܴ裬ҪǸպñҲⳡˮӰңضΪܱ˽
ڸ̾һûʲôԵ鱨ʱһɫۣ۴ֵĹŰӳԶ
ǰ֮һҲɣ͹٣ˮӰ룬ǰһ𡭡
รµˮӰҪı䲻˴򽻵ˣ
һӣҲ̵ӡ󣬾ȷĴĿˮӰʸֵ쳣£ǲĻǿʵҲҲĿбڱİۡ
ǵǸ뷨ˣЩҲ˺ú̸̸
Ǻðɡ룬ҲǴӦˡĿǰ壬˲ǵĶҲԭûʲôϵߣȻҲûгָңڤҲ鷳ո˵Ҳһ̴壬Ҳмİѣ̴֮һҲһ

һصڣǲ˴ҴҸĸ޺ǲ
ôŰǽйʲô޴ɳƵʵ֮Ѱβ޵Ϣ֡
ʱͣĪǲ˸޵ĻӦ˵֯жҪͣˡ
ͣǲɻʵ
ǵģΪβˡǹԭ׼æβû뵽仯̫죬ˡʵ̫ǿңлҲӣҲó֡
ô˵ˣ
Ժ˵ɡǲҲ൱Σ֪ͨ졭


191 ǳ
̽ķϰߣˮľһֱ൱֣Ƽ˵봫ͳײǷǳģսʱĴ󱳾£ʵĴͳһ
Ƽˮ׼Ȼʱûдﵽʮּȸ߿ƼʱǣִָĶܶѾˡͱߵǼʱֻҪסڲֹعʽҲһЩЯʽˡСɶͣ൱˻ӭȻЧܻȲʽѾܹƼ뼼ˡ
Ƕ׵ĴͳȴȻִÿ¡Ϊ˶ûо顱һˮľʵҲ൱Ĳ
Ȼڴʱĵû⣬û뵽ת˲֮͵˽ǰʱˮľǰĴݲʧӰˡ
ˮľ𣿡ˮľٴСòֻ˻ˮľ˫ۣע
ǸˣСعˮľǸȻ˵
Сҡҡͷʾ⡣
ǲ̫ˣҪҪúϢһ£
ˣû¡Ҫ˵Ϣ⼸ˮľûиеʱˣҪ˵ۣǲܵġ
İţʲô˵ģ
ڻϸڵİţ󲿷ֶСõģĲһеδޣȷʵ̶ȱԼǿˣԼȻҲ˲æǣæµ飬Ҳˮľ޷̫࣬ںܶ౾Լɵ飬СˣЩҲˮľԼʮֵĲ
ڲˮľС˶ʲôϼҴڵļӵܣȫս¶Сô˸ϣˮľɴͶŸֻ˶ʮꡣ˲ҵıҲֻһЩƽʱѳϯ֤һ¾͹ˡģͲҪ̫ˡ
ߵ仯޳˵ʲôʱͷشıʣԺܶ飬ᳵӼһЩԶǻڣǺķȽڣûдڵġһǣҲϰ߲̫̫˷ʱĹ̡
Ȼ¶⣬ͱǸ˺Ļ̴ӰרŸ㼸պʲôģִųˮľûôӣǽģССˮľҲвôˡ⣬ˮľҲ̫ϲ̫ڵĳ档ҪĿǼ֤һͥĵҪġģҲֻṩһףĳƽ̨ɣĵ飬ӦúһϲãЩǲɻȱġ
Сݹİżƻˮľüͷ
Сǲ̫ˣ
ûʲôҲûʲô˵ģȫƽʱ򽻵ͬºѣԭΪɣܹȫͲܣһЩָɺͱʣҲʹúܶ˲СṩıУ棬˼ˮľֻ棬ֶԲϺŵķӡͬ£ģȫǺˮľн֮󣬲źСϤˣϴ춹îϦա
ˮľʣСҲеΪѵ˵ӡأܶѲңҲֻôˡ
ôˮľĬȻӡ񣿺ðɣЩҪ˵жҲãмֵ飬Լķӡʦǻˡףһļɡ
ҲһܹͨӪɣԼ̫ˡ
Լߣڴڽ׹ϵеĽΪģľԳɰ˹ܻ꣬ܿϦպ죬֪ܸܲϻؿһ¹ɽҶͬر̣кҰ³ԼһЩѧУˡ˵ûˮľǴԽĻҲҲֻ³ͼǰͬ£Żɡ
СˮľԼеĽĲԱ仯츳ǲΪ֪ҲֻΪһͬߣĬĬĹԼһˡ
Щ㲻鷳⣬ˮľת۾ԺأͷЩˮľôϣֻҪִľҶ߲ԼȻ־ŲسԼʵӰԸԼģҪԼĻ񣬳ʵ̫⣬ˮľһлЩ˴򽻵
ˮľЩƲ֣Сʵôˣе㲻⣿
ô᣿ʵѾЩ͵ˮľ˵ŻԸУʵѾԲˣǲ⣬㲻ˡ
СЦЦȻҡҡͷ
ûϵֻҪߣЩҪ
ðɣ⻰˵ˮľЩˣȷʵЩ飬ǵ̫ʵûбҪ̫أʱһǺ¡
Ҳܾôܶί˵Ҫˣһˡ
ˮľϼƻ飬ȻС˵ɣͽҰɣЩ飬ȽϺá
Ȼˮľ˵ˣСҲͷ˵ţǾɣһжһˡ
ǰȻЩۣҲ

ڶ죬ˮľһȥһ°СŮ˵и֮ҲǲˣȻֻǸʱҲǸѵõĺõطˡ
סڵ棬ʵҲòǺܱһռ䲻СĵطʱһʱֿϢҵС䣬ĳҲûʲôңһݴ򹤵Ļ˵Ǽ£һ뵽һǿŮڻһӣˮľ;е㲻ʵһǿԸĻƣҲľҶ˸ˡŮʵҲεСŮĶλ
һ⣬Ϊʲôôɵ˰ˮľҲϸʹȻֱˮľЦáһеСûܱסˮľľᣬڱϳʱΨһеֵĶǸˣûüʹãͱһ￴ĴûˡѲһľҶ壬ҵĵطˡ
Ȼ粻Ǵ򵥻ľϷûȼͱûУʲôöСŮܹеʸ񣿼ƻúúõģһ΢СıʣˮľΪĲֻΪˮԤ֪ıʣֱͷ۲ѡ
ˮľʦлл㡣
ѩ̿飬ÿһҪ˶ᱻġˮľ˶鷳Ҳǿ
ˮľڰ˵ɣҵµס֮ǰʹɡҲ֪ˣҪһЩİĵطҲҪʲôɵľٶϾ㻹ǸܵΡ
ףһעġ
Ǿ͵ɣҲڵʱСķԸʲô

һЩ֮ˮľ뿪ˡûԶˮľͻȻͣ˵𣿡
䣬ԶתǴһӰ˹Ǻöûмǲ
ˮľʦпЩ£̸̸
Ȼеͻ˵仰ʱ仹еģڿϣܹæ;һ㡣


192 
ǲδˮľʵû̫˼ԽǶ˽Խ࣬ˮľԽǾþη޲ת֮ǱŶĻʵ׽͸תʣܣֻ˵˵ת֮˵Ҳáתʣǲй¶ĳЩأˮľҲֹһεĲϧʵʵûдﵽǸ̶ȣⷽ滹˽ⲻ̫ûʲôһͷˡ
ǲԼˮľҲе⣬ʲô飬Ȼľˣ˵˵飬Ҫ˽⣿
ˮľǲһ㰲ѵʱ仹磬ڲûʲô
⼸죬һֱ
վˮľԶĵطһЩޡ｣˺۵ĴɣƺЩп˵
һ𣿡
ʱСӣҲһæʵĻشˮľ⡣
лĻˮľŲСӣŹһĻᡣֻǹ˲ڣҪ֪Ļ˵Ҳô
ô֪ʲô
ʱ䱦󣬻кܶҪȥûʲôҪĻ˷̫ʱ䲻á
֮ƺ¶ĵ̧ͷˮľ˵ǲʵֵˮľʦǺˣʦҲǲ֡ˮľʦҲڳ֪ǣʦǲ˭Ƚǿ
ţ֪Щʲô
⣬ǺԵģĿǰȷʵǲĶ֣ͲдʹϵĲ࣬ʵĸԭ
ƺ˵Ļ֮ǰڲ֮Уʦ˵ʵĴڣбһСǱȿʦҪǿˡ
仰Ҳû˵Ȼ˵ߵյ㶼ͬС죬ͨ·յȴǸָģʺ̶ܴϾ˳ڵĳɳٶȣͺñ㣬ʱҪãǣδȴһǿȻˣӰδкܶ࣬ҪȥԼŬ
Ҿ˵δˮľʦƺвʵ˵˵ĳɳܿ죬Ҫˡˮľʦ˵ĶԣΪѺͬ飬ϿʵŬǡ
ƺһЩݣǽ˵δڴҲܣǣˮľʦҲҺǲĲԽԽˡͨŬܹǸ˵ʵô
⻰˵ĺأͲĿŵ˵ԼΪľĽ̵£вǲˡ
˵ʲô
ʦж˵˵ԼĿǰǸ˵Ķ֡
⻰ˮľʱЩԹĴ˵˵ʵǵ͹֮ĵǿҳ̶ȡ
ΪһʦЩϸ񰡣
ɷϣľʵģʵ޿ޣΪƫҲûжµѧи̿Уܹݱٺˮľֱָ˺ʹҰӣɼľûԼΡ
ǣһ㿨ĲãĵĹʵ̫뻯һ㡣׵ĿܹͨǲԼģ߳ΪҲܹϧͬÿ˵ѡǲһġ
ʱ򣬿Ȼ֪ԼǲҲʵ̫ˡɷϣʤĹ²ӵз֮ĴĿӰˮţһҲҲܹɱӰԳնʱȲǲ̵Ͳɱǲһôɡ
ˮľ֯׼𸴵ʱԹԵ˵
֮һҲ̵Сӣ츳سֻҪн̵Ͱѧϰʺϵзʽңѵֻô
ңʲô˵ǲģǲǲôǿˮľ֪˵ʲôȰĻǴ򶯲ˣôھͿԸ㣬ǵģڵȷʵȿҪǿһ㡣
Ȼô
ˮľȷϣʧǵ
ǰʱ䣬ǲܺƣҲˣǲֵģҲֻؿˮľҲϵϣؿϤķһܵõʲôõϢˮľҲпԭ
ô׼ô죿
Ҳ֪Щʧش
ЩҲ˵˵ȻЩ̶Ƕ˵ãҪҪ
šаæͷ
㵣飬Щʵ˭Ҳ޷ϡǣһ顣Ϊ磬мܹаմӮǲ
⣬ûпǹ߶ûʲôʹ
شɣʶ棬ĿǰܹаմӮǲģֻҲĿӰִҲкܴܡģѺѡ
ô᣿ȵʵôǿȻӰûգ
ˮľҡҡͷ˵ʵ˵Ŀһǲʤô򵥵ġִ˸óҽսǲУֻǲһܹ
ͬΪ̣ʵҲвô
ǵȻģǲಢûôֻΪ߷񣬶Ըض˵ʱ򣬿¶ȽϴĲ졣
ǲʵʵѾӽ۷ˣܹܺﵽȫ壬ܹʹõĻܹߣѾˡȫֵĻ̣Ҳһаգ״̬еĴֱӾͰˡ
ô£ѵҾһҪ飬ңң𣿡
ֽţǼǲˮľЩ˵ܹýȥ
ǲҲ֪ܹôǿΪ˭̵˭ʲô
ǡ
ȻԸϣҲòǲ츳츳ŬˣǾ͸ӵĿˡ
Ϊ˭ܹаհ̵ܹǲĳ̶ȣ
ˮľ⣬ֹ
ˮľڰ֣֪˵˭裬ǰɣ
ô֪ĵ׵ܱ¶Ҳе㾪ţɲһС¡
õģܹôϾ֮һĴ裬ͷǺܻ˵ġ
ˮľЦ˵
һϢָ֪ʦһ֪
˶٣עˮľѹ˵
Ĵ裬Ҳǲ°ܽ
˵仰Ӱ죬ˮľȻ֪Ҳ̽ıʣҪˡȻΪʬתŵµľϵ⣬ӶǲĻ׾ٵƷ飬ˮľǲ˵ġ
ҲˣͬΪ̣Ϊʲô
߾ô£໥ƵҲżʣ
ڶԿĳŵԼΪһľҶ̺ΪʦΣ˵Ķ˵ˣͿѡˡ


193 ÿ˵Ĳͬ
ͻϢŵѾȵ벻ʲôˮľˡ
ǲļˮľ˵
㽫ϣڱϵĻȰ㻹ȽϺáʵĽ̵ҲҪǲҪģĳɾֻͣȡԼ
ԼôҸô죿ɥ˵ͷûҵ
ǷʵʱôǸǧ̬仯ˣ
ǧǱȷʵ൱㣬˺ǲǿаθʵ֮ǰǧʵԣ趼Ҫá
ûСź˵ȻеüĿˣǣֲסˡ
˵ŵǲϺ͸첲ϵı¶һ˺ۡ
Сӣİ£ǿزġǣҲൽˡ
׾ͺáˮľͷûɵΪһڵĽ͸֧ԶǱ
˵׻Ĳ죬ˣϣǲԶˡҽҲм޵ģõ̫̫ƵɵĴ̼壬ɵĺҲ൱أˮľһ͸֧鷳һ֣ģҲиָ
ѵͺް취ôֻܾͰĵȴ
ڻûзǲٴζʩչǿ̼Ƕʸ־˵ʵѾˣοǾ޽չĵȴĳɳ
⣬ʵܲý˵ףҪֵҩʦҽ໥ϣĳЩ̶Ĺʵٵһ㣬ҩʦľҶ˵ֺ־Ųصġ໥ϵĻ˵Ҳܹͬ顣ֿԣҲֻˣ˵ûʱ䣬ԸԸæ˵ǲ־Ųصġ뻢Ҳûˡԣвͨ
ңҲ֪ˮľжΣĲǲķͻȫ淢չͣһĲûбǾ޴˷ѡˮľļʶϾͲ˵ˣʵٵÿԼһЩĻԸߵֻһݡ֮
˵ʣˮľԼͲҶˡ
Ψһܶģֻڻ˵ܹĲܣǲĻдۣ뻹ҪԼ
ûǲıӻͳĴжˣûнļǲʧѰĵ·ϣ治֡ľҶûæģԸæһġΪǲһ壬ôܵס˿λһĿһͬĿ⣿νŵһǰ;ʲôľҶȱģšνĳޣǶǲǿ廳ˣǲ³ǲģԶ
Ǿ仰ؼԼʲôѣʦҲ԰㣬ȻҲҡܰæĻġ
ô˵̵ͬ󱲣ҲԼΰɡ
ллˮľʦ̸ҪһˣҲˮľʱԼɧʾлһһֱΪˮľʦܲϲҡ
ǺǡˮľЦһ£˵û˵Ļȷʵ̫ϲ㡣
ѵÿһµˮľĻǺˡ
Ϊʲôϲ㣬˵ôࣿ
šͷ
Ҫԭأ̫ˡ
̫ݴʺԼĹϵôһʦԼ
ô˵Ϊ˭һ͸ŹĽ
֮ǰ˵Ҳûʲôϵ
ⲻô
ô᣿ǫѷݴʣĸãǸ¸֮ӬӪ֮ͽΪ飬;֮ˣҲΨΨŵŵȵ̬ȡҶĹ۸УеơҪһݣǾԲϡ
ԣ
ûϵˮľڰֻ֡Ҫ֪ΪǰʦұҪɿöࡣ
ˡ׼ȷж״ҲߵҪ֮һˮľҪ˼̵Ϊʽô
รˮľЦŴǴ˵
ɵǲ˵ʵ̬ȣ˼
ˣʲôʵģ
ûˡ鷳ˮľʦˡ
ûϵŤС˼ΣʵҲˣҪһ㣬Ҫ˵ʲô˵Ļˡ
ˣˮľʦ˵Ҫˣϲ
ллˣŬɣĲܣһһܹȷϵġ
ţҾͲˡ˵һת뿪ˡ
뿪ıӰˮľҲǸпࡣ
ԼҲ˴ɫ۾˵ë
򽻵ˣˮľŷǰһЩ۵㣬ʵһЩƫ
ƭгĺӣԼԭĮ֪жԭеˣսȻˣҲûɱԼĺѼͬ飬Լ˵밴ǲźõĵ·ǰˮľģʵ²ְɡڴ账УҲٶ޹ɱ֣˵ɣ˵Ҫɱɱˡǣǿɣ˵ǲĴףһɱϵˣҪǿӲöࡣǣҲԲˮľԭΪĮ֮ͽҪĺɱ֪ΣҲͿͲдˡ
ܵ˵ҲֻƴһԱˡ
ڣټѵҲֻʣˮľˣȻ󣬶˵Ľ䣬ˮľͻȻ˵˶Զˣ
Ȼԭһ֮ľӰĸ˳
λã鷳ˡ
㵽ôġˮľЩʵЩ˵Щʱʺ֪Ӧúɡ
뵱ȻˡЩε˵ԭΪһЩ飬ñϣãʹ˷ȽϺá
ô뷨ľĽͣˮľʵǿЦá
ţҲǱ۵ţͣ㶼˰ɡҪ㣬Ϊ˶οǸǲģ
ԭֱ뷨Բ֪˵˼䣬˵Ҿͺˡ
飬˶ܹġ
ľǲġ飬Ӷģ߳ڰһԶúܡ
˵ָ鷳ˡܹʱס궯ģҲˡ
ȻھͶ׫˵Ҳܸǲ˵
׫ʲôʱ˵ǻѻĴ
ԭֻһʣû뵽ˮľȻԼһϢɣˣ
ûǼǰ


194 ǰ
ǰʱ䣬е㲻ţǲǺǿ󣬵˵ǰʵе󡣹ʱ䣬źʱҲ˶٣ǸʱжأҲ̫ɡܹܴĿʵ̫Сˣ˵ʵĻҲ̫ˡ
ţʱ䲻֪Ӧò̫ðɡ
ϢҲôɿ
ͲôԸŵĿ˾ȵϢҲÿɷǲҲ֣֪ˮ׼ʲô̶ȣûо¶˺ĿǸŴǿ٣ǲȫһսʹ轻棬о
ҲɣȻ֪˲࣬ǻϢġ
٣ˮľֺ֪Ҳ϶ģִһεն֮ǰ־ṩһЩĵ˵鱨дҲȻУȻʺСҲˮľһЩ鱨֮󣬹һЩǲԼ鱨Ҳˮľ١ȻһЩȻģʽԼһЩȽԵĶ͸¶ϢҲܿɹۡеļ¼ˮľʹܹµȷʵԹģʽĵһʧˣȻƽⶼϵڵƽⶼˡöȻصĴֱӷνҲ˳µ顣ںоӡȻö࣬ǿƿص˻
ðɣȻϢԴΪ֣飬ȷʵ鷳ˡ
ÿֻҪú룬ôúý̵ˡ
Ľ̵ȻҲΪֵǧѾʤˣóʲôɻĻôܹθڣ⻹һ⡣ʺϽ̵ǲģҲ˺ųʿĿӰԳնҲֻдˡ
ǰǲеı֮ĵġȻе棬ˮľΪľܿɹ󣬶ѧҲǲˡ
жİգ
֪ûףҶ˺СӣģͬǺܱģǣ
ụ̂ʦץסصˡˮľЦŵͷһֱѧĽ̵üеʦˡ
ľԼҰԭպǲÿ֮ͬ˵ףǸ磬ԲŸӵĳг͹ĿɹҲ˵ļֺɵһδεı˺ȴȻĳġɢĹԣȷʵóȻʧɫûԸŵ˸һ䡰ݡݵеļѡ
ԭУһֱϸ񰡡Ц˵
ҿûô˵ˮľڰֻ֡Լôѡ
ʦĻʵףµѧвǺ£вܣҲζԸй񱡣Ϧպ첻ôóڸյĸԣԳɰ˹ҲСεܡ֮£ľãȻˣҲΪҲˮľæԭ
̵̽ѧʵһ棬ҪԵⷽ棬òáĵ͹临֮ĵļ
˰ɣôһ֪ġ
߱˵ˣѾص˷ֵĽֵϡ
⣬ǸŮӣҼˡ
ƺиˮľոյȡЦ뵽ʲôȤһ㣬ͻȻ˵顣
ôҲ˵ҥҲţ
˭֪أʼ磬ʵĴ󵨺޼ɵҾȻչճɹˡû뵽һòȻȻôĹƻĵֶΡҪúûһ£ʲôطǲǱƭˡ
˵ЦˮƽаˮľЦЦˣʲôо
˵ĸס
ͦİɣڣҲͷɫе񡣡
˵ԸΪƣڣֻòưˡ
šͷ
˵ˡˮľƺһЩ飬˵̳һǿ͵ƵˣǿĲҲΪʲôû¶һеĺ췢
ţôȤɻ˵̳ҵʦĽ𷢣Ҳô
𣿡
ˮľӦһ䡣ľҲԻ磬Ŵ¶˺ܶˮľⲻһĵطͱһ޴޺췢ľļһᴫеĲϡٵƣǲԲʡǷǳԵһ֡˵û⣬Եмƣȴĺ췢һˮľΪˡ
ҪúõĺҲ̸̸ˣĴĿӰҲǻģʽİɣйصĻôν֮ӣȻôͲְŵļһ
Ψһչ¶ԤˮľһЦֿЦĶϵΪĲݸߵҲ˵
ԤԣԤʵôȻֶΡ


195 ľҶߵĵ䷶
̸̫ңԶ⣬ڻʱˮľʱ仹Ǻܱģʱѹǲ鷳飬ľĺˣԼ飬ˮľܲô
ͽǰˣҪ黹кܶ࣬ң飬ֻԼһ͡ˮľҲ֪ܲΪʲô׷˼ѾôãҾôʣЩ飬Ĳֲ̫ص顣ҲΪνԤ֮ӣѶԳɰ˹һԲϾҳȥػ̡飬濴ǱˮľҪԶˡȻ˶ǻӰϵһĶӣһĵӣˮľҲ׵ľҶ̣ԼˡǩǺԵģǲʲô̫⡣ڵĹؼˮľóһĽͣסҵ졣
ǵ̫˰
ˮľɵΪǰΪеһ˿ڡһɭ֣˺ʹһͻЩ顣Ȼˣڵ۹ʵջȣЩ¹ʣ˺˽ʵûʲôʵԵİԵʱʵ۹⣬ѡ·ðգʵҲ˵ùȥڱͱʵ̫Խˡ
ľֱ֮ˮľɫҲˣȻֱ˻Ӱ¥ûӰ칫ҵĴţһᣬȴû𸴡
ʱ䣬Ӧڵİ
ˮľǲ֪ӰûмڣҲû̽Ӱ٣Բ̫ʱ㣬Ӧʱ˰ɡʱ仹رæµʱ
ˮľԥǲҪʹ뿪ʱֻԶתǴ˶ţˮľĿУȵЩ˵ĸֳˣųľһεȰһ綪¹ȥȾƵĿӰ
ףⲻˮľôп
ߵǰĸ֣Ҳ˵ſڵˮľܵƾĴֵ̼϶΢ֳĺɫ˫۾඼ôԵˣǺ˲١
ǰ첻˵ҪṩôҾˡ
ľˮľ;ýǲˡ
ôڹ治ʱ򡣡˵ŵĸִ˽ȥľˮľҲ߽칫ҡ
ƺе㲻ˮľѹԾʵִ˽ôˣ
С鲻á
鲻ãˮľɻʵʱӦòʲô̫鷳ɣһȥƽɡ
е㲻˳ɣִ˰ŵжܵǵķ顭
ôˮľͷֻ֮󣬷еǻ⽻ߣڸƲⲿתСˮ׵ƺ̫ˡ־Ųڰ˽жжͳһʱɸϵĴ죬һΪελá
飬ִӦԤƲŶԣΪʲô췴Ӧôң
һЩͬѰ飬ڴ鱨ӦԣƺһЩõ顭
ʱƺˮľ;ֹĸִǳҪ죬
ǡæȻǸĿˮľڨЦ
ȻûȫǴµˮľҲˣӴĻأӦñˣõ䶷־Ųصɱ֮ġλˮ׺תС̬Ȳö֪ҲӦò̫ơֵ̬ȿܾͱȽϸˡΪӰսѼͬĸ齻֯һøֵܺŹ֡
Ȼ֪һжȻûиԼ˼ôЩύȥˡ
еƣĸ֣֮󣬵һȥȻһƺеָĸֶˮľ˵
ύ棬Ǿ˵Ѿôˣ
⻰ˮľǳ鶯һ£ʱ˶оˡ
ȶҲϹְɣϹ˵ʲôʵ
ͺ˾Ƶ˴򽻵ôѾ׾ˮľεòС
µˮľҲֻӲͷƤдõı顣Ȼֽ˹ȥķ˿ˮľҲĵŸֿꡣ
ֻޱķˮľı飬ƺǿʲôȤ飬Ȼ󵹹ִͷһ顣Ȼ֪ô룬Ÿֲüǣˮľ;ѹĴ󡣶һ£ӦȵԾյĳ࣬ʱȻҲĬʵˮľ亹ֱ
ڣˮľıĸַļȻ˫ְ˰̫Ѩֶ豭һڣָߵϣн죬ˮľҲ֮
ţˮľҿһΪľҶΪǵİȫϧգķײԸΪ֪ľҶʦ²ĬĬŹ¿Ůߡɺϵǣ˾ȻҲˮľ𣿡
˵Цˣⲻ𣿡ȥһЩϸ֦ĩڵ֮ʣԭһ龭ҲһôǳԲһȥռˣôû̵٣Ū˴󶯾˵һ鷳ҪȻˮľҲˡ


196 ֮
칫ҵʵ̫ˣһȶ˵Ůˣ鲻ãһԵľҲǣԸ˻ˮΪֵĳͲͲˡ
־ͰˮľıϣҲ뿴ݳû˵ͨƪûʲôӪ˵֡ȷķϻʵҲֻ߹ֻ˾òˡ
۱ʵҪˡƺҲ̫ƽ̫ӣƺʲô飬ˮľʵЩСҲˣʵңɭֺʹ跢ͻˣǲ㣿
ȻûۼʱǳʣǴϸļ¼ŵʱǿµΣԺִ˵еȣܲռʲôϷ硣ǣѤĹӰЧĵĳ棬ʵӡ̫ˡңܹô趼ԵôǷܹ֮ʹõóġֵǣľҶôãûκʹԵ˵Ϣ·ͻȻ֣֮Ȼ漣Ĵ˼ʧһȫûκһΣˮľԭ֮ĴھȻɭ֣һضֲɵһЩ룬Բʳ⡣
⣬ˮľҲԤƵģôˣҲȻòûش
һ£ˮľǵͷȷʵң
㣿ֵɴ۾ˮľȵʵһΪֻˣû뵽Ĳ¶ˡ
Ҳ·꣬鲻ԽôˮľڨЦ˵
·пġ鲻Խ⻹˵ǡ鲻ԽĴ˴裬ӰĿĪˡһ߳˵ţһߴӳó˼֮ǰļ¼ַһ£Ȼݸˮľ
㿴飬ЩܶԵϺŵģ˵˵
ڸֵļңˮľҲֻεЦ˵Ӱʲôģ˵Цˡĸ롣
˵ŵˮľӹļ·һ¡
ôϤ𣿡
ˮľҡҡͷȻ˵Ҳ֪м䷢ʲô飬һЩԺʵǰ鱨˲ԵɣҾͲˡ
ô᣿ַǳˮľ˵顣鱨󣿡
һԭڸϡľҲǳֵ˵ӦòдɣǲǼǴˣԭתģͲ˻ֽš
滹пܷʵġƺ˵һʼͳ˲Ļ
һʼƺ뵽ʲôõ顣
濪ʼĬһᣬղŻе˵ЦζѾһɨա
һᣬֳʵ˵˵Щط⣿
ϸ֦ĩڵͲ˵ˣȣĿģԲǹǰڴӦʵǺԵġξǣʦڻԲֻΪһǲҪеǻᣬҼûܹסݼ¼棬ȴһЩԵԵжϺͽۡҪһ㡭
ˮľһ٣˿ˮɫȻ˵
ƣûݵôأҿǺˡ˵ӰһºԵս޻̸֮
ôһ¶ȫָƣҪʲô̶ȣŴֻҪ̫أĴĲĻͿתˡʬ⾡¶߾๥ɵĴˣ˵ôԴģԴʵͲϡ
ˮľĻ˵꣬칫ҵĿƺ˼֡
ҪΪ˵ĻģˮľЦ˼Ŀˮľ˵
Ȼˮľʮ̹Ȼ˵˴һõģԴʲôҵȻ֪
Ҫ˱Уܻļ΢΢Ǵ˰ɣִ˺ʵκβ
ΪˣˮľĻø־˵ߡˮľļ׼ȷ˵һ˵ΪĿӰƶԲʱһҪݡҲ˵Ǻ˵˵ǣڹؼط󵼣˾Щ⡣
˵ӦòԵĴɡҲеŸ˵
ҵʱڴԲ̫ΪΪжϣӶԾĿж󣿡
⣬ˮľϸŴǣΪÿһ֣ΪľҶڲϵĵ
ԺСǲ˵ûСˮľһ˵˵˼ʵԣûݱ棬Ҳͬѡ񡣵ǣӼᶨ˵ġ
˳ˮôֲ˵
ʵҲܲ˵ִˡĵ飬ִļʲ󣬵Ҳֿܡ
ˮľ͹۵˵ǣûдֵŭ
ݱĸ˭úòһ顣
źִˣѾˡ
޶֤ô
ŪľˮľҲɵΪ־Ųصֶθеη塣Ϣ֮յΪ˽뷨һСֶΣܹķչԤķǰһ˰ѱ
һӵıƣȻԼСԱˣԺҪСˡ
ʱ͵ɡ
ҲЩ˵Ĳ¼˵ȥˡ
ϲӣȥ׼ɣҲæɡ
찡Ҳ˵û뵽ô죬Ӧû֣Ҳ˵İɡ
ˡˮľҲ׼뿪ˡô˵úǾܷḻƵġ
䣬ˮľʱ˵˻Ȼۼֺ;ɫ


197 ˿װ
żʧԻʲôҲ˶죬ˮľҲҸղܵÿ죬ҪǱĶ޸¿ܲˣиֵȭģʽȥ͸ƴˮľܵƤ֮ҲˣؼҪڴ֮ͥ¶ģӢҪáҪǸ첲Ƚšϴűȥμӻǿɾһӵ۵ˣ֪ҪЦꡣ
ڴϣߴ඼ɫҴҶ·ˣʱµĶѾǿʼйģҲֻˮľʱûʲôҪҪˡʵ˵ǱȽУҲֻΪˮľһЩ鲻̫İˡҪ飬ʵѾźˣһЩС£Űˡ
ʵ̽һϰף֮ΪޣˮľСִ١ΪսҵԭѾΪˣˮľʵҲ൱ķˡǣϲУ˫޸ĸҲżģߵʱ˫ĸĸҲߡΪʼյһսְҵĸ˫˫ģҲԲǸͱɰ֮ЫҰޣǲǿҲ㡣£ϰУΪĹڸĸĲ֣ȫȡˡ
һ飬ҲζžȫûʲôˡһҪԼ׳ɵĶǾûиĸ߳ϿɺףʱһǰʽףƺеǰӵĳЩɵͽ֤ʽĲ𣬾ûʲôʦ֮ϴ֮Ķˡ
ǰʽУȥеķȽڣˮľΪȵľǣ̽ΪУľȻǡî֮Ů񡱣ûǸ󼴽ĴͲľҹ
ԭΪûйעЩ飬ûע⣬ǵˮľʼٳֻЩʱŹעî֮ŮĴУȻûжϾͲľҹšî֮Ů񡱺͡˫ɴĲ֮棬ǹôãȻûͣ±·;Ծ󲿷˶˽ķʽǧʱˣͲľ壬޺Ͱޣǲ壬ǧּȵȣȻûһͼͲľҹʵ̫ˡ˵Ϊжʧ˲֮漴ʮβĿֲĻôַӡԼĸ׵ֵܣû£䷢չ׳󣬽ٹ̵̽緢ѿɲҲʵ̫ˡ
ġî֮Ů֮⣬СС켣Уî֮Ů񡱵֮ˮľҲǺúõоЩֵ飬һЩװŪαԼһЩݵðƻ֮⣬ˮľȻҵ˼Ϥ֡硰ˡ񡱺͡а񡱡رǺ֣ȻֻһЩصĽˮľֻҵһֻƬмֵĶûСȻˮľھȻƤӵ£ɵ顣
أ֪ˣҲԺٹע飬ǹעǰͺñڣˮľĴй䣬ʵ׼ôҸ˵㡣
ܶСѾˡЩ飬ˮľʵԼģƺСЩļ֣紩šˮľǷֲִͳʲôŵͦÿģŵƵ׺İɫϺС˵ĸоƺͬһЩ˵ζ
ˮľװԭŪһɫׯɫɫȵȡѡһɫĿʽϣˮľʱһּӸУܾһִɵʡϸ²ŷ֣ҪǰͷȾɫŪСҷñһֱ۾ĻֵʣڲסˡСǿҪ£ѡʱˮľҲǲǸҸʦˣҪʰһ󣬻е㸹ڽ͵ĸоͷ֮󣬸ǺԭҲԲϺˣŷ;ʣǺܿ׵ġ

һֱæ磬ˮľˡǺСԼ˲ģԣˮľҲֻ˸طԵ㡣û¶ãһӵԳɰ˹͸˽
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ϰ塣ټһ̿⡱˹굹ǺܴȵĶһЩˣӵܣǰӰ֮ӣСǮǲȱġ
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㻹̫ᰡ˹ꡣûˮľ԰˹ı֣Ҳסͱ˻װͿֻԼһԲϾͰƣ˵°˹˵øлԼҪع̫磬˹ӻ֪ҪŤá
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Ҳ֪ڰ˰̣Ѿһʱûʦˣǲܼȥġǣڵ̫ʺϼڰ˰ˣľҶ̣Ҫ㹻ߣԡ
Ȼ׼Ҳʵ̫ˡңˮľҲ̫顣
ʵոսΪ̾ͳΪ̰ʦĲ࣬ϦպܹԽûþ͵ָ̰ʦԼ㹻Ŭ֮⣬ǵڰ˰⡣
ȮڣŮ־ˣɫΪԵѪߡӵмɫĴߣ̵ָʵҪԵͣ෴Ծ־ݼҳ϶Ҫͼˡ߼һԴӵĹԼϵĥĽ̵ΪҪΪŮߵϦպȷʵǳʡ
ϦպˣõͷҲȻֹȻѾöˣϵ⣬ɲһܹġڰ˰̣ҲܵϦպ壬ңΪۺʵ½̣ںƽܹ࣬̽԰ӿʱܲʱЧıѧǸδ֪ԭ˾أڸΪĿգʵҪܳһʱĵ͹ڣ͸˲ˡԲֱӻˣʱҪһݹ
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ΪϵĻӰҲ⡣ΨһˮľһչշͷҲˣҥԣ֪ҲЦһЦ͹ȥˣһжߣ̵һǰ;Сӣٻе˹˼ɡ
Ҫǣˮľǰһ㣬Ҳǲ˶֪ġзѣʵ̫ӡ۵㣬ˮľδʦʱ򣬿϶ٵķ顣ˮľλʻ־ŲزϵʱֶųӰ൱ˡ


199 Խ޴
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ҪԭǣˮľѾĬĹϵҪٲ̫࣬ĨǵĴˡŮȮڣðɣˮľȽ̲ȭȻҲ̲Ȯڣô޹̵Ů־ôӡһ֮ʵҲûʲôرķȥ鷳
˹ε˵ִֻ˵аţƺҲûд⡣ԣ뿴ʲô취
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ĿͰ˹뿪ˮľҲ̾һһĶˣ˵ʵԽȨˡȻˣʵôʱ䣬ҲӦýˡ
˶Զˣ𣿡ˮľͻȻ˵
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ʵԭԼϰ
ԭˮľжԼڿ֮еԭڣԼɿֻҪʵﵽһ̶ȣͿΪ̵ıѡΧʵǺܶġ󲿷ѡͼڻӰֱˡΪؿѡľӢѿԵ̵˲ţǲѵġˮľϦպλõĿʵ΢΢ˡ
ǽϣڴǷݱ棬ڱˮľеè֮󣬸ֶ԰Ĺ۸оֱ½ˡʱɲǸʱֽλӰ꣬ľҶǰƿؿǺȫͬն
ʱ㣬սλӰ֮λûõĸ֣԰鼸ڲôϤĳ̶ȣԭ̳Ͽɣøֶ˵λ㲻Ƿϵͼתֱˡ㲻ЩţЩ־Ųء˵ĺָ֣޷ȷŰУһЩȫڻӰĿɿѡʱԭûпǹķǰ̣ˮľҰҲ˳µ顣
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ڶ죬ˮľѵ÷ǳ硣ŷȥ˯ţԴӴԽĵεζӿͷˣɡ˶磬ĿƴƣЩһбԭı仯Լ֤ݡлڵʱ򣬻ļ¼ܹŪٳ桢ĵزˣҮ᪡¶ܽ඼֧顣һЩԭ̽һ˼άһ䣬Ϊһˣãǲܵģʲôٵ磬ѰԼʵʱһѵ顣
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ˣˮľǰ鷳ˡ³˵ĴǰԸˮľѧУСĿγ̣ˮľǰҲѧУʦеһԱȻôˣΪһЩʣһֱûʲôΣ񱼲⣬Ҳû˵ԼΪʦʸԣѧҲ㲻ʲô⹤
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ˮľûʲô߼ĴլԺ˽أҲû˾ٴ֮ԣӦ̽ӻ۴αȵľҶУҸʵĵط治ף̫ˮľͿѧУõطֻҪȵѧݼٵʱŲһһúúһ¾ˡЩ˵ǰͬţֿҲûʲôӰ죬ûͬˡ
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201 ˼ά
ڣѾ֮ˬӻжʱ䣬ѾǰЩʱһ֮͡ǵ񣬼м˵ٽ죬Ѿѵõĺˡ
ˮľ³У½½ĵˡˮľǱȽϲԼ򵥵ķʽģΪ򵥣ʵҲȤȻˣЩˮľԼСʵǺܿС壬Ƿףþ֪ܶԼСϲѶԼݵת䣬Ҫġ
أȻҲǺܶ࣬Ϊǵˮľһ̲ͣкţϵЦݾûôˮľǲǾʹ˽Ӳ̱ˡ
պһˮˮľһܣʵǺܶ࣬һЩǮдߣپǼæˣǸӰģһרҵʦپ³Ҳ켣УˮľҪһЩмֵƬԺ͡
ʱƣҲһЩˣ̽ϰ׾ˣ൱ûûдϯ˴ԴȵĴͳûڵķף෴ʽĳϣҶϽڳϵǣôһ˿һЩѣ󲿷ʵϢԷǰֵİ·ˡϲ֮ǰȻûʲôֲͷ֮Ľǽӽϲ£á
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Ҳû⣬Ҳûзˣ̻ģҲеӰЩǰһ̶ȡ

ʱţѾ˲٣˵Ϊ⣬дܣۼĳ裬Ҳܹ˾ȥڳƺġȺۼһ𣬶ŸĻ̾ѡ
ڵȴˮľУڵȻűƿˣʢװСվ档
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̫ˡˮľϸĴһİɫƵǳɫ·׺ͬϸɫصͷΣŵķȷʵСķʮֵϡԭβҲĳ˵͵ļʽȻѾΣȻþ޲ѡ
Сһֱû䣬̫ˡ
ӽ쿪ʼҪˡ
šԺһˣϰʱʱ̿һ˵Ĵڣʽĸı仹Ǻܴġ
С֣͸޴ش˻᲻ԶĻӰҡ
ȥɣÿ˾õˡ
á
ѵõûչ죬ȻҲ˵
ţټּ֡
С˵ŵˣ˳ȥ
ͬʱԭ᳡Ĵڣԭеôµ辰ܣԼһЩ̶װΣͻȻʼɢнĹԡ
ǲ
΢е߲ܵˣоһɷɢȴƽ͵Ĳʼӿ֡
ȻҾ֪һﲻᰴͰʵʵİһн
Ϥˮľ˶¶һȻɫɢĲңֳϣˮľֽţ϶ǲΪΣյġҶֻȤĿ̬ķչ쵱ɵļһ׼ʲôĿ


202 װŪ
֮伯ĹڳϣǺ˻Ὣõֳһ㲻Ὣ֮;һ߱Ͼһֺɱ¾򽻵սְҵͨǰ̫ƵչҲǡΪһ֮սҲᾡĲͨˡȻˣԼ׳ɵĹҲ˶صģߺ̵ȵǲὫЩϵġ
ԣϸ˵ˮľ̫ҡչߵǲʵġ߻ǺҪֵһְҵΪͨȺ壬̫׵չֳ׵һ棬ֻߺ֮ͨѺۡ
һΣֱڴֳһЩˮľȻ̫⣬һС鷳ܲġ
ڻĻ᳡ֳĲ÷ãһ͵ĹԿʼܣֱӽڳС
ƺֻǴĻþһӰħˡѵ
ּ򵥵飬²Ǿͨӡͽߣ㹦ҲĿЧ
ϲûôҵȵ̫ãԭտĴ룬տҲĵطӦ÷ϴ֤ʽ֤ܻطһõӰʼ֣î֮Ůӣеֵǣî֮Ů񣬺һֳµî֮Ůе𣬸оϸӵĸ߸ϣһ͸˼ʹߣҲûʹȰʣͬĴڡ
ɫֵĿдϸĿһͬһî֮Ůתͷһ߿Ű۵ʵǰô
˵ˮľӰӵдʵһ˵î֮ŮӣˮľҲûĿŵչʾ̫ԣɫͫףͷĵֻ۶ʾúǱһ㱡ĹĻڵ˿òǺ
ĵĹ۲һᣬЩʧҡҡͷ޷̫࣬дҲһɣ
ͷî֮ŮʵЩ⣬о֣֪ܾò̫һ
ǲָо·
Դͷϵ׷ݣܻһĪĸ
ͷͬ⣬Ȼס۾
ǰҲָоǾʹˣû뵽ˮľȻ
ſɡ
ʵˮľҲǹŪҹģԭֻΪҪɵ̥һܹܹͬˮľСֳıͼһ㻥Ӱû뵽ǣԼĿе󣬵׻Ǻġî֮Ů񡱴в죬ϣҲû˵ʲôƫ󣬶ҲϸҲ̫ʡ
ˮľСһ߳ʱҲһЩֻǴûбʾ飬ˮľҲͲˡǣϾǸһî֮Ů񣬶ˮľδǧ活
ͨͽеôǣҪŪʲôƯĿĳʱǱȽ׾ʵ֡С߹ĵ··𶼱ĵطҪҫö࣬һƬõĻƮ䣬Ҳиɫܵ׺СϣˮľС߹ܵ˵ףƮڿе顣
ˮľҪ֪׼ģһΪ֮أСһţһ˵
Ϊ𣿡ˮľ͵Ц˵ʵһ£ֻƮë˻ˡ
ΪʲôǶû£Ϊһÿ£ֳвͨˣܵô죿
İɡˮľ̶ֳȵĻѲңµġ
»ЧһģԾѹȺСҲ൱˯һĳ̶ȡ

ѤĹӰЧˮľǲܹã˵ģһڱľҶĴͽ磬յӫĻĿ⣬ͲɱĴľҶķ磬ûгƽ͵ʱΪ϶ǲġѣˮľֻڸĵطһЩԶ֮ĶʽֳĳЩ淴ӳҿȻ󽥽ģвĽ·ˣԼͬĹľҶ롱ߵĻ񵽵ʲôģΪʲôƯĳ
˵עУˮľСߵî֮Ů񡱽ǰȻî֮ŮӰſ˫һĶһƬɫĹ⻪·ˣԡµˣֱһֻ֣ŻµĹԣ˲䣬âͻȻıըɢ˰ΧУ·һ㡣
תĹ⻪ɢ·ڳˣһƬõξС
治ˮľû뵽װŪҲһף´ҲҸһԡ
˵⻰ģòϴ춹
ڽУӵùˮľ֪û٣һ˵ĻôһԺļ޵ĳȥ


203 
ԭһʽһݣȻûʲô飬ҲһЩ˿Ŀ࣡
ˮľʵиӵѤöĿļƻջǱСˡҲãû̫ľ󣬶ԻִͳΧȽŨصĳϣҲһ¡
ֹ̺ʽʵĳϣˮľıֱƽʱ˽ǲԶˡʱɲˮľչʾԼԴʱ򣬷ֱΪĿСԼʾлˮľҪ顣
һֱʱ˴룬ղŽƽϢõıҲ½½ʼ뿪һֱ߮ȺеˮľԷһ½ӲЦԼϢһˡ
ţˮľôһ£ľһߺˮһ߸Լȷˮľɵʵ
ðɣˮľ൹̸ϣ΢еȡ
ʱȻѾǺˣǰ絽ʱ䣬ҲһȵʱĴˮľټҲæʱ̫õĻʵҲܲܡ
ⳡӣ˾̾硣
ˣҿǱŵɫ
ˮľĿдʡ
˵ģһľͨӡͽߣʵͻһʲСĿˡοĳ裬ҪȫˣƶҪǮ
æһBܲѵġһBϼCDȫͬնĳҲǲ١ɾͲһԸеˡοˮľּ߶ٹֵĻһAܲġ
˵ˮľ֮⣬ôģǲס
̸˿˵ҲɣҿɲôûôǮ
ǰЩʱǰŸôˮľƲƲ죬ڼȱĲǮȣһŮѡ
ǺǣȻ㣬ڲŸҿ϶ڵ㲻ðƻɽҶЦ˹̲סҪչĶˣ
ˮľЦЦȻ˿ɽҶϵ
Ƭĺˣ
ˡɽҶ˵Ūúȥ翴
Ȼ¹⼲Ѿ쵽ʱɺԵĵزˡڸֵƺϤĵչ£ǲÿ챣ѵʱҲ൱ɹۡ򵥵һЩѾˡԭҲǴתһĻιˮľĻ񣬽ûܳС
鷳ˣҶЩˮľûʱģֻܰΧЩЭһˡ
ˣҲҵѡɽҶЦЦ
ʱһԵĿͻȻʵˮľҲƵɣ⻹鷳𣿡
ľʱҲɽҶע
šˮľͷȷϣҵ⻹ûôأа취ʱ䡣ҵκõķ
ķ¹⼲𣿡ɽҶϣʵ
ѣѡˮľЦŴ
ɽҶʧѡ
ʧҪ˵ֲֶζ١ˮľ˵Ҫôýͺˡ
һݵĽûףʵֵĿʵ̫ˡĿİ취ǲʬתֶָ̫ΣˮľӰ̫ˣϵĴˣˮľҪ־ͣǲܲʬתġ
Ҳǣаվ;ˮľоķ򣬾ǿܲβ޵ſˡ
ϣܹɡ

ȵⳡʽʱҲ쵽ʱ䡣̽Ҳûʲôֶ۸ɵĴͳûгѿصʱȫҪԼȥˡ
뿪³ɽҶʱ򣬿˵ѵһֵıȽȫʱ򡣻ټ
ţû뵽ʵ̫æˣܴһˡɽҶ˵
Ҫȡ͵ģҪΪ飬ִǲܣͬһ׶Σ׼ô˵ļڵġ
ҪǼٳһͺˡˮľп˵

Ƴϣˮľ׼Ļ鷿УæµţȻˣڸʲô𡣶̵ŽĿСææģˮľɵøпԽô£Ȼûҵʲôȫ޹ĽָԼ°ԼǾƾһڸգǳܸɡˮľԼоͷԡһʮַԼ۵δޡ˾ӣһԽͲˡ
ˮľһ̫Ǯˡ
Сһ֣оеյ˵ȫˡЩõòףֳһЩ󻨻ܣôˣҲ̫˰ɣ
û£СҵҩЩܣܹ൱ʱ䣬ҩһЩƷˡ


204 Լ
ˮľںһʧСҲôСˣһ飬ˮľ˾СҲûôܾ˵һѾǱȽƽˡľҶϾ̫ˣ˴뱲ӣܶʵҲ֮䲻ʶй֮ԵǲϤرȺ壬еְҵȻǧΪ̽սȻĴͳҲǲˡ
Ҳ˵ˮľǱϾߣ㸱ҵûϵôߵûϵô
ˮľȻô
˵ҪΪһľҶС߼ͥ˵ȷʵбҪʲôʵٿʲô̶ȵԴʵǿ󵽼¢Ͼ󲿷ҩĳ̶ȣȮڣΪ޵ҲȦһأѾ˳ľҶİС壬ڴӸҲмפء
̽ûΪ̫ǿױ֮ǰ˶ڻ൱õġ߳ںܶ෽Ŀǣû̫ǹߵľ޴ҲԶԶͨ˶ࡣﰵԴͲ٣̴֮ìܣСڲְλĸߵʵֻһӰ
׽ҿˮľϵɴĻǱصľ޴ֵˮľС˿϶زסġ׬Ǯ׬ǮСҵʵҲϵļҵˡǱϾ˵ֻǡʵṩ˲ٽǮܶΪصľʵֱӵİǡǡһ㣬Ǹ߼̴ѳֵص㡣
ԣ˵һˮľûеĹϾľҶϵĹ򣬰ӪĻֵĻڡֻҪΪѹ󣬶ÿ˵ıǺܵλġ⣬̽ıҲˮľЩ鲻̫ġСˮľҲҪʵĽ͡
飬ҪģѾˡĿӰѾλжʱˣ㷢ˡ
ˣл򰵵Ļ֣ʵҲʲô£ָ˵ʴȣΪе㲻ο
Ҫôо̫а
ǸĻӰϵʹ˵ĻһϵСȦӣôҪСЬĽ࣬ǲȻﶼʧˣˮľȻҲУҪϴѹСûʲôáңһ̵Ӱǲ˵㡣
УСɲǼƽʱɡ
ϸּǺ£ҲҪʱɣ㻨˶ǮȻǲҪ˶ˮľǵСôƽϵ˰ɣѵ˵ںߣ
ţǼƽʲôءСенվߵˮľߡҲ۵ùǺ
ǰǰҲǾüα˵Ļ񣬲ԼǣеŵġҪǣʮּƽЩطûãʲôźƽ׸Լ˺ܴѹˮľԼˣСҲòȥֻ˶̫ϰϲŭֶдϰˡãõǲġ
ţˮľСסˮļ̌ͷˮľչ¶ˮľǰ
ôˣˮľֱסСļ
˵Ĳǽ졣Се㵣ǵ˵ʵôŬҲˡ
ˮľı仯С˽ġѾûʲôü޵Ҫ̫ˣԭȻûг׽Ƕڻᷢ⣬ͰĵȴʵĽչѾüˡ
ˮľοЦЦ˵ǵҵ̺ѧУĽ̹ٿͨʱô
Сͷǰʱ䣬ĹЩ¡
ʱǶ˵͡ġ
ˮľСͷ˵Ҽ͵ˣ˵ôŬҲԵˣ㡣
ˮľؿ񣺡ЩС£Ǽǵú
ôܻǣһֱ
˵ʲôĵǲġǸʱˮľҪôҪýǵ侲̫ѹѹ塣ߵŮӣ˽Լһ
ˣȻ㲻һ԰ɡС̧ͷˮľᶨ˵
á
һ˵˵ʱ򣬱Ǻܴģˮľоˡϰһߵʱ˵ĹԻ޵ĺԣ޴ڵĿһ㣬ǲҪ֮˵һҪɻȱ
˭֪Ů˵Ҫһԣ֪־ǽռġ񡱣֪ô롣
ˣˮľЦʵ
ţˮľʮ꣬ǾҪһֱһˡ
ǵȻġǵĻǡ񡯶ͬ˵ģɲܷڡ
ˮľĵ˵ͬʱҲᶨԼġ
ܷڵģֹСˮľС񡱣Ҳ꣬Ǽʮꡣ


205 Ͷ
̽ܺܶ࣬սңս𣬽Ĺʷĳıɴ˵񻰣һһ˵ĸ󲿷ֶֻһЩĿȫǵ񻰹»ǱĬӰϰߡ
Ҫ˵һ˶̽ӰжҲǲʵʵġ
ˮľжɵıʣԭǴľҶؼϣǧЧһЩ飬Ҳûʲôãֻ˳Ӧ˵ĳΪĿӰҲȻҪΪ˵ʦΨһĴʣɱ˳ɰ֮ЫľͲˮľֻڼ¾ܹıģʱƣĻĵı仯ϸڻûеܹĵز
ȻˣˮľһҪĵģɲʲô˵˵ĸı䣬Ըı䡣һǰơӼ̣һЩġʵǿ̣һϲ鷳ǷԸҲСˣǺȳܱĬĬҪһ㡣
ڣˮľڴϱϳļʣǰҲǴˡ·˾ӢļյǡԣӦյǵĵλҲԶˡ
ߵĿ׾Ͷ뵽һȥǰ飬ôʵʶһΣ߿Խ飬ʲôսָڵľҶƽ˺۵ӣҪʱĻĥϵʹֵ飬׿Чֶˡ
ϧˣܹ鲻ˮľȤôӣǻӰΡڣˮľޱȾĿŸְŵ
˵Ӱˣݼٽһ죬͸һô鷳񣬶ôԶǲǲ̫ã
ûءֶȻܾˮľıԹ顣ÿˮ׼֮ϵߣӦңһεҪ
ϸڣˮľҲˣǹˮ֮ġѶȻҲS˵ʵѶҲô£ֻǶԿܵ߶ԿԤΣճ̶ȣһˮľȫһΡ鱨ݣȫҲ½½ṩ鱨
ҲΪʲôô춼ϸ˵
ˮľĻֶʱöͷֱð
Ǹ󱿵ʵ̫ñջˡͶõıĲû뵽ˮݺͰɱŪҲһ֡
ջ󣿡ˮľһ㶣漴ȻǱŮɫɣҲǵһαôˡͬʱҲζһЩԸ㣬ܻᱻá
ĵģǸµˮӰˣû뵽ֻ֪ɱɱȥ壬ҲһɫˮӰ
̴ӰûмɣοѪ֮ӱˮӰ
ˮľĻҲûô⣬˵Ҳˣʲô𣿡
ˮľҡҡͷȥҫ˳޽Լô
Ҫ˵ôӣ˵ǽѺý̽˴˵ʵԼеĵλ
ࡣˮľνش
ʵͺѺ̴ֻÿε̿Ч࣬ѡ̣Ϊһ棬˴֮ͨЧĽӴжδʵԱȵΪ̴֮սԷĲοֻһûʲô̴֮УҪοҲֻˡ
ðɣô˵ͷ۵İ˰̫ѨȻ˵Ҫã̽ʵҪģҪעִ硣
ִ磿ˮľɵÿЦ浱߶ǴܲγôоôУն״󵶵ҵٲնԺľ忪ܹٲնƵóΪ壬ô׶Ըģˮݸ֣ˮľϲԵĽҲܶࡣ
ִ磿Ҳ֪ô
Ҫʱˮľֻ棬ƴǿɾͲˡɾͲճˡ
ǸڤȻܹĵˮӰҲǰ׳գҲǶóԺúȵдƲʲôǵġ
ˡˮľôĶҲĲƺذóԺúȣ˵桱ɡ
⻹һ£ȻǸӳô˵ǰӳһλ
ҡͻȻ֮䣬һıһϤ˹
ô㣿ľҶôô
һǲ˼ָǶӳ
ֿľҲˣȻˮľ˵ľҶ̵ľ֣ǻܣܸ㣬ϱȽϺʵˣʵȽϺʣһǳ꣬һȵ𡣡
ðɣʲôĲᣬ˵ǰôòұľҪɡ
һ㣬ûκ⣬ʮΪ̡㣬ˮľʮˣŻ˸̰ɣֺ˵š
ǰͺ󱲣ôģðɣô˵ĻˮľȷʵǳųΪûãбԼҲȫǺ
ˮľԶԣĵͷ𣿡
أֻܲӳԱûаɣѵΨһ
ô᣿ִǽֱһ飬һ
飿ˮľ򣬡̣
öԱö飬Ǿ˵һֻСӣֲʱܹСģҲֻˡ
šֵͷ
ˡˮľЦ˵Ϊʲôѡң
дĵ߰࣬ȱСҲֻʣϦպ츺ĵڰ˰ˣˡ
ԭûʲô˵ˡְڰ˵Ҳûʲôãʵ㹻ʦľ飬ҲʺϣȻѡҲϼѵıѡˡҪǣѧļҳҪ󣬶⡣
ѧҳˮľʱȻ򣬡ˡ
зһЩãԳŮĴʦ˭ԲʣһҪΪĿӰĸ֣ҲҪصĿһ¡Ҳʲô£ˮľҲûʲô⣬Դϲá
ˮľ˽⣬Ҳ˵ˣŶľˮľ˵ε񣬾ͰˣԺҲҪǸʵ״ͼҲʱȻףǴ̽ϢǺģǵ󡭡
ص˵ľҶѿرǣһҪĴ
ǡľˮľȻѾȷˣûиĵĿˣ˵ҲûʲôΣա

˻Ӱ칫ңˮľľڻȥ·ϣͻȻƺ뵽ʲôˮľʵղˣΪʲôҪôߵʱǺǿô
ŶҲûʲôرԭ򡭡Ц˵Ϊвμ߳˵״ȻûʲôҪģǽǲܳˡ
߳״Ӧ̳ɣЩʡĵܺǣһ뵽ԼҲҪķ


206 һ֮
Щⷢ״ˮľҲЩΣָʲôӦûʲôҪ̲μս˰ɣôᷢܳ
ڰ˰ȮڣȮҪߣһЩ⣬ǰѵ̫ƴ˽Լ̫࣬Щ״
ˮľ̾һ˵˵ôģ
ô˵أչȻսҺƣǱϾе𡣶ҵսûѧϰ̫࣬ʵ̫ˡ
ʮͷİСӣ̫ǿͻᷢڵ¹ʡ
⣬ȻԤƵˣǽķȴٳҲδƣͬʱҲһֱ̫͸֧Ḷۡϧڶǲ˵ЩʲôãĿǰĵ֮ҵһͼӰĸܵʵߵķˡ
ܻشһôˮľĶľʵİȫô
ľشˮľ׷ʵҪ˵ʲôƴ֮ı֤Ҫһ϶Ļشܻǲܣ
ǲļֵľͰϣ򰵵Ķд۵죬ǾԲֹͣġǲΪ˱֤İȫ˶飿ǰ֮ҹУľҶ߲Ľ׾ѾɷѿġոսȽϿɿԼִ֮һˣϾʹŸ޳ľҶպ¶ҶܺҲսӸ˵һΪչʾòɿԼִ־Ųضǲֵʱ˼ɡ
ϸǲٳΪľ̶ȣкܴԱߣȻ͹׶˵û£Ҫʱ䣿
ľҶǲ˵ӵΣգΣиʵʵĻ֮𣬺ʾҪ䵽ľˣǣô
ˮľڣľֲȻ֪Ҫʵĵʲô˼ãļ̌ͷˮľ˵ܡҷҪ
оáˮľҲͷԼҲҪæȻ֣ô鷳ˣԼԹۣҲе㲻ʣңŶԿѹҲˮľ棬ֱϾǻӰݽ겵ȷ򣬶ϸڲ㵽ԱǿԼȽҪ
ˮľͷҲһȻ֪ǲʵ飬ǵʵļ⻹еģʴҶƾǲһˣǲ壿ʵʱ̫ˣ˵̽粻ڣǾԲǲûôǿǲΣԺηڰְľҲ²ġ
ʵ˵ˮľϢ̶ͨȣʵҾȣҲôĻ۲û뵽ƺ֪Ļࡣ
ţҲûа취顣֪𣿡
صȱˣȻõģǣǱƤѵˮֻһСڣҲܿıʸҲж٣ֻҪй¶һͻĹעУȻ¶ԽԽԴΪвй¶һЩ֮ˮľ;òܿƵĶԽԽˡ
ˮľĵ٩ľҲǾл˰ɣǲҪ֪ĺá
ˮľϷʵĻҲ֪ȻЩֵɽ󣬲λı֪̫࣬ͽġ
Ҳ̫ˣҾǿ̫ˣԸоѹܴ󰡡
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Ϳˮľﵽڵĳ̶ȣ˶ٿ࣬ð˶գ͸֧ö߰˰ˣŵڵĳ̶ȡ
˵ϵƣܵƵĻ̼ҩҲеģǺѸƽãˮľҲûʲôð취
ףԣа취
ˮľͻȻ뵽Լ໤˵ڲľҶô˵áôô
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ЦЦˮľʦΣұȽϷġ
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207 쳵
İ£ճΪûþͳΪӵʦҲֻʱ䣬ڸɺ֮£Ż˳µĳΪʵ
κﻹϰȭʱˮľͺ˸кȻ뿪ˡûкʲôӴ쿪ʼͻкܳһʱʱˡ
뿪լԺˮľֱӻؼˣֻҪ뿪ӣʱؼҳԷҲѻ˵ճ˰ɡ
֮ǰӼˮľſɿڵķˣҪˮľ̫࣬ǰ۾ͿһͳʲôĳԵӣһȥˡ飬Сʼ˳Ĳٳ
СĹô
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Сֱ֣ս͵߻һ㡣Ϧպ죬һӣٽºչˣ飬ô˵Ҳ̫ˡ
ˮľСƺһЩ飬Щԥʵ
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ȻΪʲôһЩţѵŲ
ˮľҡҡͷⷽ⡣ʵҲֻǴΪȻΪ໤ˣʵϣʲôģҪӰ˵ġ
İţˮľһ¡ΪһˣΪӺ֮乵ͨˡѪӰ컹̫һ㣬ʲô£ˮľһס
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ĳ⣬ضģϾǰҲûжеϣѪԸ׻ĸ׶һѾ޷׼ȷ֤ˡ
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ѪУСһ£漴ˣԭˣ͸ִѾмƻˡ
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мģѧӡȽϿףем˶źһ֮ӵġ

ڶ죬ˮľľļϵص㣬ˮľҲһˣеĽ̵ûôԭЩǵʦḺڣЩ̶Ҫˮľˡ
ʱ仹һᣬˮľѰһĵطһ򵥵ĻȻʼճĸ֪ȻϰΪˣж˺üУԽȥˣĸоûκεĲʣ˵Ȼĸ֪Ҫˡǣʹβ޲Ҳܸ֪Ȼһֱûҵ
ⲻϰܹ⣬иӱʺεĹûи
ˮľĸʵĵһƿģʽǵһȶɿսһ㣬һβޡʵǲõġɽկǱߵĽȣƺҲĳС
ÿһ˶ܹĽһϵģ쳵ľԣڻǴ鷳ˡ


208 ٵ
ˮľڤ˼ʱͻȻеһ󲨶
ǣڰ˰̵˰ɡ
ʶʱѾ˵ˮľֳ˻ͻأĳˡ
ջ˼ˮľ˿ȷʵȮڣŮ־˺ˣԼλ
Ѿˡˮľųδɵ˵ΪǿСӣسûжһܺãǣûгٵϲǣҶǵĵһӡ󣬻
ˮľʦղ˵ĻвͬĬԵŮ־ͻȻҪ˵ΪʲôĻΪǰʱ䣬ˮľʦΪӳҺ˵Ӧòǵһӡ󡣡
Ǹһʱˡ
һ仰˵˵ˮľҲеΡ
𣿡Ů־ͻȻԭѾ˼ǲסô
һĵĻ˵˶Դڸϡ൱Ů־ˣˮľҲǸеΣڰ˰鷳̶ȣƲ㰡
־ˣǸˣղվ̫ûϳ㡣
ˮľΥĵİο˵
Ǿûа취ˣûϳˡŮ־˾Ȼˮľ˵Ͼʱˮľʦ򽻵ҲǺܶ࣬仯̫ϲҲ
ðɣһҰοͦǿǿԼˮľĻѻ
ڰ˰˵ˣڻеʱ䣬Ϣɡ
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ˮľʦտʼӦҽһôȮڣƺЩ⡣
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ǶҪ˵һȤã̵ʲô𣿡
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ô̫ðɡƺˮľĲе֡
ðɡˮľͷȻ˵Ȼô֣ҾΪѵһ°ɣ

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˵꣬ˮľȻ˵˵˰ɣǾɡ
ȵȣʲôоˮľʦ㻹ûнܰɣ
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ʱһˮľʦѾǺˡȮڣˮľķе㲻ޡ
鷳ȻҲ˵һ°ɡ
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ꣿˮľ˵Ļ̶ʱ̫˾ˡ
ˮľʦôûɾĲҪô
İɣһǰھҵĴʦܿͻ̵ġ
ʱһƵƮ˹
ڰ˰ʲôʱΪ˵׼ˮľݵĿ꣬ҿǺʵˡ
ţľӰڴһᣬ߰Ҳ½ĳ֡
ϰˡ
ǸˡǸȻ˵˵ˣǾ͸Ͻɡ

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ȷʵаٵëԭΪ˿̡߰һԭ򣬾ǳפο鱮ǰǲҰԭյֳʱ䡣
Ϊһϸߣʧһص⣬СûɿڴΪʲô
еС鷳Ҳпܻɸ鷳

鷳ˮľ۹ⲻɵǰǲϣ֯ϢĵʱΨһ鷳£ˡÿԴ⣬Ҳֻдˡ
ǰʱ䣬˴һأͻϮ˷Ѿһرˣûҵʲô̫мֵĶǴһЩ鱨Щǡ
ִʲô
񡣸鱨豾˿ܻһʱڡ費ֱӲ֣ܹӦ
жϣˮľͬġǴˣҲǾȫް취˵ֻģʽˡϿϣҲûлȡʤҹˣʣµУ鷳ľֻҩʦˡ
һ֮ǰǱľҶôˣ
Ҳ֪ˮľ鱨ƺеֲˡ
ĸУܴӣֱӱҵǧᴩࡣŮˣǸֵĹųһѶĵ֩˿ߣڻʣµļˡ


209 ֮
鱨ףܿ϶ҪĲ֣Ǵ費ܷǲһʱ٣ֻҪԻջǲ
飬Ҫ֪𣿡
ˮľʵ
ҡҡͷʾⲻãĿǰΪֹǵ鱨ӦһƣϸڱܹĲӦòᱻԣǣѱʲô©
֪ˡ˵Ϯ϶ǲһһС
ԡ
ֲȷ鱨ˡ
Թˣ߲ôôľƽ˵һʧɳʵɾˣ̽Ͳôˡ
˵ĺܶԣ߲ǽ鷳ְҵô
ˮľҲòεͬ⿨Ĺ۵㡣

ˮ̴֮棬ľҶԶһˣҲ⣬ͨ㡣ͼΪңԶˡűϮķգԿˮľһߵò·ϵľ󲿷·̣ڻ֮ڣﺣߺٻ
ڻ֮ľڣڻľҶΧıϻеģ󲿶ΧܷСɾӢͻϮҲвľˮľˡһ·ϣҲƽȡ
ϣǰﺣߵĶ飬ǿһˡ
Ϣһʹ
ľ´ʱͣľԭʼߣȻܵ谭ķϢ˭ϲ¶ӪҰ⣿ʱڣ̻ʼߵĻ֮еĿɲֻµĿķ˵ó档һЩʽҩҲȫסӦǿ֡
ٺס֮üɻǲҪ䵥֮ᷢıʡľȥϵİബȥˡ
ˮľԼһˣϰԵĲһЩ壬Ȼеڰ˰̵ĳǿˮľϲƿ鱨̵ľǲģ˵ʲôʱͻ⡣
ϰԵһƧĸߵ㣬ˮľĹ۲Ϊ˺ó׶СֻۣҪ󣬾ͻ㣬һ㣬ȥպյġѪ֮硱ҲϧΪ棬һյ˺ð߲ϵǰˮ֮Խ𣬳غСĻ͸γɵСӣ޴ڵ͸¶һֻεķ٣ϵͣǱڰһЩڰ棬ɫҲʼչ¶ˮľǰ
թƭŹԼĻƵ֮Զʧƽ¶Ҳһˮľĸ֪֡
磬ȻѾˣľҶ壬ʵ˵Ĳпᣬѹ־ߣҪı硭
緢չĹˣˮľҲûʲô⣬Ǽ˶ˮľް취˵ˮľĻȼҵ˾ͿҲʵ̫ˡ
ˮľĸ֪У֪·ĵ߰͵ڰ˰̣ͬģʩһЩʳͲǵ뿪ת֮䣬ͱļؤһգСһﻹһ٣˵ɵڵأôûţ˺ôĿͷ

ˮľ̾һһᣬڼ˵Ե˶ǰҽó˾һ֮ȷûˣ֡
ô⼸ɵ£
ˮľſһ˵ҹĻʵ
㲻Ҳôô˳߳Ӱ
ˮľεЦЦЩСǣа£һȽϺðɡ
ͷʾͬ⣺ڱϾս˵ս
סˮľ̲ס˵ҿûкһʮΪ̣Ȼսʱҿֻһ̣ͨҲǸӵģûôྭ顣
εЦ˵˵ڵĻϾʱһˣǶһɡ
˵ѾƵġ
ľûлشˮľĵ٩תͷʵǱǼһҪѵһ𣿡
˰ɣЩҲֻһȺ棬ײ㣬עˣֻܹ۸ǸСάˡ
˵ףǻʲôˣȻı䲻硣
ľҶһս¶ǲҪˣ˭
뷨Σգˮľɵѵ飬ͻӰģ˵ףҲһߣܲô¡
̫ЩµˣûҲˣˣˡĵ·Ȼ˵Ļв԰ΣճΪ֮Դ


210 Զӭ
ˮľͿصס޵õʱ򣬼̻û˯ڴŽļšСһǣÿһγԶţһ;ôԶĻʵǺٵģʮﲻͬﲻͬף̽磬ֵø쾡¡͵̾ΪֹȻϲսʵڣʹ̽ķòֳ൱Ĳ졣
һγʹˮ֮Ҳһѵõ˵ѶȵȼǳߵĻƥΣȴֵһᡣΪľҶδ֧ţʵԵĥԼе߶ǺҪġǣʵҲǲȱٵģһĸ߼һҪָ꣬ǲУҲŶƽ˼档
ţʦ˲ٵรˮľͿΪڵ˾̲סʦǰ԰һ£ͼӴ׵Ľ·ϵļŽһ飬ȻҲƾ١
ŵĴ¶Цݣ˵һЩʶ;൱Ҫģúܺá
ľҶ帽ǺѼֶϢ൱ŨСģһͳҪΪ˴̽ϢҲֵطĥ־
ˣʱ䲻ˣһ绹Ҫ·Ϣɡˮľҹɡ
ŶΪʲôϢʵÿֵذ첻ô
ããϣҵͨޣϲϰബٶȰˮľЦŴϰľָˡ
ŶҲǡʱסҲȥϢˡ
ˮľ˵ĸ֪ȻҲһΧڵľȷ֪ȷʵмܱȵġǣи֪츳Ҳм޵ģããϣǵʲô½ϣзӡͨ޵Ϊ֧ǿ֪ںʲô޴ָ֣һȺƯˮĸʻĴֻսпɵóне飬ûʲôָġ
žҹˮľӸµĴָС򣬳˸˺ż˵·ߵûʲô߹ˡ
Щ˺༯һЩƾ棬ƺһЩû˱ǹ飬ȡ֮ģһЩڵĿݱܡ
ҲֻзֵĳšСϻôҰӣջгˡֻ֮Ҫɵڣ绹ᵮ硢ҲıĴɣ
ȥЩĲ˵ǰˮľҲЩ֮УǷҲܹѧѧ裬ҵһЩõ˲ţˮľǷˡʱʵ̫ˣʱ䣬Щž޵֮ˣ㿪ʼﵽһĸ߶ȣȻˮľʵ̫ˡ򣬻Ҵҩʦ㽻ףľҶʮ̵취ˮľɲϻһҰġ֮ӡԼȻԼ뷨£Ҳ顣
վԽߣȴоǰ·ԽԽխˮľ̾һͷ˿İǿա
ҲһЩѧ֮˵󲿷ֺ˼ռйϵˮľһҲš磬̸ѧ˵ĹϵⲻڿЦôˮľԸνˣǱĳЩΪݵģԼĴԽʲô

̲ĴϣһλӴİബʻǰˮ֮ĺϣŴǰƶ󴫲żҲῴһЩ֪ĺ͵ˮٴγֵʱ๾ͼһ㣬˼£̽˶һߵļ̣ڶЩѵõָָ㡣
ôָ𣿡ˮľһڴϴĿʵ
Ϣһ磬ûˡˮľһ±紵˵ķ˿ƺͷֳˡ
нһʱ䣬ӦûʲôΣˡ
Ҫ⣬紵ò˵ˮľɢĴ˸ǷҺ㣬̣ʺֻսߣϴĸ͵߿ɾ鷳ˡ
ˮľһĻֻͨսֱҲڡ
ҲǺóˮսͿҵٲն﷭ˮɵ֪ʵọֻ́˵ҲգһˮݵĶûС
ϣᱻ˵аɡףԣ߹ˡ˵ЦŵĿͻȻɫȻ֣¶дۡ
ǰɣôɣ
Ӧˮ֮ģӭӵġ
áˮľѵӭҲвġ
ףȰ߿ˣҹȥ˵˵꣬´ϣŴͷķ򼲳۶ȥ


211 ̽
ͻȻıʣҲЩţããϵȷʵĿ˲ϢҲ˷ˣĹˣһĿտУܾ˲
οͻȻжҲüһð飬ǷֵߵӰһĺϣ֮ʹ˵ѹҪԶԶеصöࡣ̤ܽʵصǲ˰ģܹת˫ˮϽҲһ
ˮľפ㴬ͷԶԶĿľ˽档
˲Ǻֻܶ࣬ĸˡŰ۹۲״ﱨ鱨Ϊ׵һ˲Ϊɹۣһ֮⣬ʣµˣҲǷ֮Ӧʵǿ̡
֪ˡˮľͷҲǸ鷳ɣ⼸̣Ҳʵǿˡ
Ŀֻ֮òľСڵڶԷǰʼ棬ģƺе㲻
Ǹˮɣˣ
ͻȻ֮תֱ£ˮľɵתͷʵ
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ȿɡкģľҲˣһװ磬еģ϶һˣԼʵҲ൱ŵġ
ѺýòŴС֡
Ѻã
ԽԽˣԶһҪǰ̫Ļ˵ܰѿʹˡ
ʹǸԶսನоú˹Юž޴ʹײҡһΣΪߵľҶ˻ãôҵʹϣɲֹôˣвٵн̵ȵһЩͨͬС˾޴ҡΣŵһȺ˴ʧɫΪֻǳ˻ʲô֡ͨ˵֮սֵĲҲǺܴɡ
ȻЩģĿǰҲûгʲô飬ˮľҲûάĴ㣬ʲô£һȽϺãҪ䵥ˣʲôȺ͵ϮɾˡȻնãܹȻǱ˵ĿԺܵͣǣôǲԳģ˭֪ûʲôѪ޽ܹһģ

ɫصǰߣͷĻʾԷߣҲ̡ŰݣںͿ֮󣬼仰˵һ֮˸ھͿľҲûбս˼
ʱţ˵սѾһˣûоȫˣھ򵥵̽ʱ򣬿ʼˮ
ʵǶӵСľҶʦľ˵ͰԿԼĲûĸɾ֮ǰûʲôܹѹ
սУΪಫҲֻĬչ¶ʵĵ߰˰˵ʱ򣬶ͣϵĶ
治ǡߡľû뵽ֻ£Ȼֵܹҵˮݣȷʵ鴫
ˡľŴ˵γƺ
ղŵսԲȽ׾ݵľ˵ҲǲСˣҪͬڲԶţɲô޼ɵĺƴˮݡ
ͷѯΪࡣ̣ǰӭľҶĿˣղʵʧˡ
ÿһѡҲǫ˵
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Ѫ֮硱ס̵壬ƵĴӵķչ鱨׼ȷĶλԼ̽ĵλʮֱҪġղŵֻ̽һʼ
̣鷳λԶˣʤм
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ˮӰ˺ܿνҲˮ̻֮գѾȴáɴ¶ڵľҶʽظ
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ʵĶԱȻǺԵģҴǱ˵ܹͲд۵ĿҲǽֻð۵ܹᲢ۵ġ

϶һЩİߣȻǵжߣ˾òǰôˡ
ѡΣִߣǾɱ̺ͣͽթȱȺ۹ձ鲻㣬࣬ʵ׵̣ȴΪ࣬սḻȴŰؾɣӶ֪ͨںͿԼˮľ̬ȾͿɼһߣȲ̽ҲˣɫˮľѿѾ͵ϮˣҪˮľƢһ㣬Ͱĩˣһֻۣϡɽկö̫ġȭˮľɲ
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213 Ѫ֮
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214 
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İɣұȽڿ϶ûµģ㻹ҪҺþá

ҹĻ˴⴫Ŀʹſ˵Լ紵ĶѾûˣˮľڷľʴϣȥſ˵顣
Ҳ㲻ʲôĿǰʵҲûʲô̽ģĴˮӰʸѾˣʧȥββҲ״̬仰˵ڵǰδе̨ϵսһڤô̵òˣûҲˣʵûʲôսǸ࣬ѵõܹõóֵˣˮӰʮɣûȡ̵֮һġǸ⡣Զսѣѵ档
̴Ͼ߼ƾǹҵʽǵ飬ɲܴܲڵ޽ԼĹУսսԱ쵼ڲìܣԼʹĹϵȵһϵҪĶڲìܣΪһҪĹ۲췽ΪҺλĿˮӰܷĴڲĸֹϵƿ壬ˮ֮򣬽ľҶ֪ġ
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̽磬ӵвֳڵ硣ʣɲõġ
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̽磬ǰһԱȾ֪еľ޴죬һҽװŪļһ鹹һ顣飬ܹİҲ˰ɣƣⶼС⣬ҽļ£òеѣװŪԤҲǲͨ˵Ļ룺졢ºƲȻ󡭡˵ܹ飬м
ǧһ˱񻯡Ҳ˶ٵߣûһΪ飬ɲһ顣ǧʱߣʵϺͨڱѾشȺ壬Ȼûбͨż͡񻯡ò˵󲿷߶ڡع˺ܴá
̽޴˿ڻߵ൱ϡٵģ̴廹ã²ߣҲߵĺᣬߺгΪߵĿܣȻߣȻΪвܵˣֻǡܲˡ
ߴ壬ȫˡЩˣ˽ӴһЩߣгΪߵĻˡôôְҵأĽݡޣǸͰǵһֲͬ֣


215 Ͷͬ
˵ף̽绹һѪŦΪʦͽΪ߼ƿȨķϵ֮ͨУߵ·ĿԱ΢΢ܹλΪ̵ĸǼΪϡ٣˵Ϊ߳ƵġӰּߣҲһɽǿ㷭ӣˮľʵҲһ
ȺʵǸ൱壬СȺ壬ȴ̽󲿷ԴȨߴʽʹʵ˴ȫĴײƣͨ˸͹ܲߡûע⵽ֵԳɰ˹μӵĴػ̣ڡ񡱵ᣬʵìܵһӰ֮ͨУǲӰϣѾͨ͡ˡȺ˿
߱ϾĳΪʥɣҲҪģʵʹ޷׵İԼΪݡԱ֮ͨУߵĲУΪʲô߻Ƶǿͬʣͨ߿¶Ϊǵº͹׷⣬ʵһ޵ĺ壬Ǿֲ֮϶
̽ҲûдˣԳɰʫꡢ¹֣ܹǡ񡱵ĺĸȺ׷ˡǣǱϾоԣٴıҲ󲻹Ĺܴ濼ְҵľӰʱôˣóĴҲʧƫĵġ
ˮľǲ֪ƶеΪһ䳬׵۽ȷʵˮľ磬ѧУÿҵֲᣬװ˶ǻۣǱĬӰ磿ÿ뵽һ㣬ˮľΪδ˸е塣
Ҫ飬ǲҪٵ˼飬ͬҲһʵѾˣôҪôΪ߸ϣٸ䣬Ϊ̥ܹҪôαװͨ˰ɣҪͬǵͬࡣ
һЩֵ̽ʵɵģˮľ뿪ľҶ֮󣬾ԼԼȵͨʱ򣬲ףܴ磬ҲηĴǻ۵ߴڵģ¹ĿǰֳСĸ˼ġʥ˵ǻۡ
ÿ뵽̽İܿڵʱˮľòԣˮľԼЩ⣬ʵЩʱǶԲߣû뵽һˮ֮ҪӴЩˡ
⣬ǻ漰ǻ塪ͨԼβ޵ȺʱпܵĻ͸ӵˮľͷ۲ѡ
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Ŷ˵飬ӦûʲôѶȰɡ
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Ҵҵĳ극˿ʼģееĺͳԻеһԲеĿС˵һ٣ˮľأʵҲûʲôҪҪȽҪǶٿغ͸֪ջ۲ܼЧĳɹ
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ʵԣ˵ǣǺ̶ܴϻ̳ԹŴ߷ϰףڴ½ϵʵûϾɵĴͳ
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ԭȻ򣬡ѹһǲعصĺܶ࣬սʮֵĹΨңΪǵ̽кܴĲ졣


217 ԡ
ӦǺҪɰɣڵĿˮӰڤƺı뷨ˣһľҶĻȻĻһ˷Ĳµѣʱܻᷢʵߴ壬ʲôԼֻһֽģ֪ʲôʱͻᱻ˺١
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ս֮ɿȥʹ֮󣬴һЩõϢ
𣿡ˮľЩõԤСܹǰ𣿡
⣬ֻˮĵطǰȫܱ֤ģǺеٶȻĽ͡
ˮľģʵʹǱҲˮϲеˮ֮ĵĲ̫ˣܹĵĿĵأ˭Ը⻨ǸУ
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־˽һʱ䣬ڵڶ͵ʱ򣬰ബڵˮ֮ĸۿڡ
ڵڴϱ˼͵ȵòͷˣ´Ͼ򰶱ߣȲҪ½̤ʵصĸо
ˮ̤֮İȵأˮľԽҲǵһΣԶĵطǲ֮һЩİബҪ֮ͣģִͿʹһòˣʳˮͿֱˡ
ҪĳˣúÿҰɡ
ҪѣˮľЦ˵ұ˶Ҳ൱ȤúõĿɱ¾־ͳεĹңڵôˡ
ľͺáͷȻԼĴʮþȣôƶԼǷִУǵ״ҪĲοݡ
ľҶһˣٺСϣں˵ıݣʹطҲԵе̴ĵܻСӲջˮľУȻһЩ߻ǣά


218 ֮
ǴֱȽҪľݵɳά򣿡
ҶεĹǺѵģѵԲ
ǰеģǲΪֶΣ̫֮ˣҪ̫ࡣ
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ڿȻ˵ĿˮӰǸˡ
ˮľϸĿһΧ״ǡñϣ߽ǿģⶼǱȽϻ󡣶Ҹʷᡣ
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š
ǰѾԶ࣬ˮľ첽ǰ
˾õˣ߿㣬ܸϵ͡

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壬оľҶô󡣡бľҶķ羰۹еǷȱ˵ûжá
ͷЦ˵˵ֻÿ춼ҪϰߵĳܶĿ˵е㲻ϰߡ
ͨŵ·ϣ߹ĽŲɳɳҲܸоúˮ·е֦Ҷ
оϱľҶҪٶˡһᣬȮڣͷԼĿ͸ܡ
Ȼ಻䷳Ľ͵ͶúĹȻǲԶˡ
Ȼʵ͸ŨŨ⣬ıܵ
ͨĹ۲죬ˮľҲ֡࣬ϿһϮͳŴ磬Űı飬磬ȫһ¸صǰģʵϣ˵Ĵ˽ʵϸ˵Ҳƺʱ򲻾ԣ˾Ĳ¹Űķ񣬿˲Ǻ̵ص㣬ʱϵҲ˿˳ۡ
ˣˮľҲûƵ˼˿Ų׵ʵص㣬ƾֻۣܹò˹Ŀ࿴˾ԲˮľԼ
ʷûй״̬壬ǳŲġΨһܹ÷Ʈҡģֻڤˡ޽еͬʱӵѪ޽Ůߣ漣治ֲʱ仯ںϵѪ̭ǿԱеġͬʱӵѪ޽磬пУԭˮľѰҹ˵кΪѵıǺźˮľҵļ¼Уûзôһ˴ڣڶȡѪ޽ѿ֮еĻǻηļһ

ˣľҶĿˣҲѾȺʱˡ۳Ͷ٣ϢˮӰ˻ᰲʽĻ档
ľҶſڣһ尵Ķӳ£˵ĵ
ſڵ˸кȻ˵˻Ҫ飬ͽλˣˡ
˵꣬ԹԵ뿪ˡ
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ˮľɵЦŰļһ
ͷɫİӳ˴ĴСһݻĹԢǰ
ǼλסʲôҪ󣬿Ծᣬ⡭
ӳ֣Ȼһɬ˹˽λ򵼣ʲôҪԸ˵ҪιǴӣ԰æ·ʮɣĥʲôǴк
ĳʮæϹʺá
˶лˣλС磬þЦŻصҲ𣿡
ǲӳҡҡͷҲ˵ǲûп̽ೡҲ˼ɵҲˣҪͬ
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ԳƺΪ尵ӳ
˵ţΪİӳ뿪һе޴ꡪʮɡ

ˮӰ칫ңڤͷ۵ǰࡣ
ľ޷ѹҲˣǸеˮľҲ̽ǳô
ǵģľҶʵʵ˾̾ѣǰļһȻҲôԭΪôԶﴫû뵽ġ


219 
˵鴫𣿡ž޴ѹƿڤʼԼضԶ
˼һᣬڤ˵һǿǺ£̫ǿҲ̫ãԭΪشľҶ¶ƣڿȻϮɰıľҶ˽ǣǸû˵ǵԤҪͲˡ
ܣΪˮӰ˷ǡ
Щεش˵׻ʵ㣬ڻࡰ⡱̽д·硣
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УҪԼ취̣мΪص񣬱ˮ֮ȶҪġ
ðɣҾҲֻõͷӦѵʱ̣䲻ţһߵսҪԼˡ
˿׼˳ȥ࣬ڤƺʲôͻȻʵǰʱ䣬ǸгʮɵСһôˣ
ˮӰ֮λڤԼܹƿصֵʱף츳ڵСӾͽڤҰؼƺԼΪݣǸԺúһµ˲š
ǸꣿԼ۵ļһε¶֮ɫں񱻰ΪľҶߵ򵼺ˣҿҲֻһˡ
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ľҶߴ򽻵ôҲãҿľҶǴһܹʲôɡ
ƺûŨŨĲмڤԹԵ˵
ԼƺûбȡҲϰڤ̸żһ֮󣬾˳˰칫ңֻĿˮӰڤһ˷

ЩϢĻУˮľվڴǰĿڵе塣
ӹģ˵ľҶҪС˲١̶ȸûȣʱľҶ壬ӦַǷ˰ɣȥŻߣƺͨ˶࣬ľҶһ˵סķڣҲʵǳϣˣɫУҲ¶һЩϲЦݣǶδϣɡ
ⶰ߼ԢľҶסĿõķˣˮľסһԶ׼棬Զде֣֮ɫŵˮĿȷʵĿ
ˮľĿ羰ʱͻȻһ

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ˮľʦʱ𣿡
šˮľͷʲô𣿡
еʣˮľʦ
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Ů־˽ӹˮʾлȻʵˮ֮֮һֱиʣȵĻҺܳԾ
һˮŮ־˽˵ӻˮ֮أдеҲԤʾţȻӦǺʺĵطŶԣǡ
Ů־ͣһ£ƺҲʵĴݡ
ˮľЦЦӹ˵ǲǸоĻ쳣˵ӵϵ٣ҿïʢ֣ʵеֺͷʢ
ûŮ־˵ͷͬ⣬ͻ֮Ļȣȷʵ൱֣˵ӦӣңҵļĻҲ֮ôԾ
ԭ򰡣ȷʵһ˺ע⵽ǲٳʦĻܺСⲻΪģȻ͵ġԣʵõģʱӦ˾ͺá
Ϊ
šˮ֮ƶ񤣬Ҷô˵ǺǷɳķ֮ȣôȻΪʲôƶ񤣿
Ҳɻһ⡣
ʵļĻ״һԭⲿش仯
ˮľĵĽ͵ҪΪֲܶ࣬Ҳˮ֮ؾͺܷ֣ǡǡ෴ΪˮȻ֮Ҫƶ񤲻١


220 ѧ
ˮ̫෴ƶ񤣿Ů־е㲻ŵʵͳʶеԶ˵ˮĲӦøʺôоôҲƶʳϹϵ
ʵˣ½ͬൺĵطû㹻ĺͺ̫ˮ֣ˮ̫࣬Ὣеֺ΢ʸߣȲĵʱƬؾͱƶˡ
Ǿ˵ҵĳӵĲӦֻˮˮľ˵úܶ࣬Ǵµ˼Ѿˡ
ûĻʹ½ϲһϸ۲ͻֲֺᷢܶﶼǸʱ俪һΡ֧Ų̫ļĻԲΪҲܵĻӰ죬ֻЩӰ춼󣬹ͺˡ
ǾͺáŮ־һԴˮ֮ϵһֱҲɣȻʲô£Ҳ˷ˡ
ˮľʦոἰЩ˵Ҳǵһ𡣡
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ˮľЦЦ˵ôҲṆ̀ʦҲôˣҪһѡ
ǸʧˡŮ־Ϊոòƻˮľ֮ԵǸ
ˮľڰ֣ûϵԺʲôʿԾҡȻִѡڰ˰Ĵ̣ôʵʷ滹Ǻϸġ
סǰʱǸSˮľܹѹβ޵Ů־˿ʦʵ൱ġʵһ̡
รˮľµĵŮ־˵Ķ⡣
ʱ䣬ҿˮľʦսʽжͨ޵Ӧãʵ̾ΪֹرϷӡͽֶΣʵ̫ˣԣҾԣҵļĻ棬Ҳģսʽ
ԭȤˮľ˵˵ļĻ棬ҵͨ޸Ӻս񡣵ǣ鲻ô򵥵ģ뷨ҵȻ֧֣ȣ㻹Ȼȥһ㸸ĸɣ
Ҳʲô˲ؼӡͽѧϰҪֻһʦĽ̵ؼǣŮļĻɲˮľɱȫƿأԼģңһӰŮĴͲˡ
ˣлˮľʦҾͲˡ˵ŵŮ־ȥָֻƽ
ˮľеƷʱһ˹
ղŵ˵ǺʰòҲ൱е
รҲ˻𣿡
͸оƺڰй۲ˮľҲû̫ģԭΪɳĸٵߣû뵽ҲǱһߡ
þòˣˮľ
һǰǼҲˣ
ҲһЦҲûô⣬û뵽㵹ǷǳѧԺܶ飬жļ⡣
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˵ȻɣǹҪлǰԽ֮ǰ֪ʶըĺô
ҲûЩСϾߵˮľĶ棬ղŮ־˵λȻԼһ衣
һ̸̸ֱû뵽ľҶǧ֮ң档
ţҲкܶҲ˺ʵһ¡
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ƺ˵СƵҲ豭ˮһȻһʵģʽѧģ
ɡ
ˮľЩԵõ˵
Ȼƴ˴ոһвģʽĳɹˡ
򣿡ҲЦЦѧģʽ飬Ѷ֮ʵǳҲְֵĽ̵֮£϶ѧϰ˺öųɹɶȻǺܸߡ
ðɣ͵ѧɣЩʵǺҪ֪νӴȻӦýʲô
β޲ˮľҲûʲô綼Ҫ¶ġ
ˮľĻشҲɫһ䡣
β޲С˳ˣ
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ô᣿õһβغףԴͬҿɲ֣ĴĿĺӣβ֪˶ţлᡭ
Ƕ֣ҲҲ
ǸˣҲǵ顣ʲôʱɰˣ̿ԣ
ǰôõĻᣬ˴ڵ²֪벻ĶѰ
ˮľЦ˵
Եһ߰
ԵܻһβҲҲ൱⡣
ñʲô鷳ȽϺá
ģзִ磬ɰòʲô֤ġ


221 ־ͬ
ϣ˰ɡҲҲûΪС˼̫ѳͷ˼
ôģʽڵһˣ
ˮľεЦ˵˵Ҷڵһôˡ
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ҲУˮľĳҲĿɿڴʵڶβ޲ʺ㻹ܹڲȻƽ⣬ģʽ
Ҳõóˡ
Ϊһˮľ˶ٹֻԼ֪еʱ䣬ϰˡ
ȻܹһôӦȻʲô⣿Ӧöӭжɣ
ǡǡ෴һ޽⡣ˮľ˵Ȼĸ֪ͲٿأҲӦˣǣ뿪β޲Ҹ͸ܲȻ
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ˮľ״Բձ󡣡Ҳ˵ҿȷҪӦý飬ҲǿԸ֪Ȼģ⣬Լϡ
Լϣ
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ôҲˣܷϸһ£ҲϰģʽһЩϸڣرǽ̵Ҳ˵˵һЩ˵ǣԽϸԽã
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ȵȣҲˡģˮľƺһЩüĿղŲֹһεȻ岻֪Ȼ
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ˮľβ޲Ϊ֪ȻýʱȻӴ˿ƵѶȣʱȸҪԾöβ޲ʵĽ˸֪ȻѶȡȻһؼ㣬ˮľ޴ڶȻʹˮľڡȻһ㣬Ͼʹų⣬ûβ޲ܹ֪ȻŹ֡
ˣܹæòˡ
ζлҲˡ쳵ܻһЩϰ˼άԭֻһЩ⣬ˮľ˼öûܷڣҲһģӡ֤һ£ջԼڤ˼Чʸ߶ˡ
Ϊʲôˮľû֣Ҫ˵־ͬϣʱһЩȽ鷳⣬ҸԼĻĶࡣ
ܹԾž޵ĺָһҲҲ൱㡣
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˵ţҲɫʵΪģʽ˵ʲô
ֱ˵⣬ˮľҲ׼һ£Ȼֹʡ
Ҳĵͷ㲻ֱͷԵĵùҲǹһġ
ҲҲǸ
ǵȻҵһڼʮǰͱźˣָоôܹܵˣˣߺߡ
˵տʼʱΪ֮ӵ·ˣܹҲοĻʱƣԼ͵λߣͽĸоǳĲˣž֮ôԼϲһԶ¾һеνġˡҲһ
˵ŵ⣬ˮľͻȻɰ֮ЫȰ˵ԼʱҲ˵ƵĻ
𣿡ˮľ


222 ˥
Ҳ˿˼ˮľ̾һ˵ֶʲô̬ȥԣмηĮģǵʱܻܵ޳벻׽ȫ˵ƿѡ
ƺﵽһ̶ȵǿߣҪ⣬ˮľȻûᵽˡǣҲȷʵҪǵʱˡ
Ҳ˵ˡ롰Ԥԡʮ꣬еĸ򣬾ԲˮľԱġ
ƺЩпˮľʵƸУƺ̫Ҳ˵ķɣ
ҲƺһЩ£ЩǴĿԭҲ·϶̽ģǺܿϧսԻǣǵĳԡ
裿ˮľȻʱĽӣּʶΪ棬˶Ӷ
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Ҳҡҡͷ˵岻㲻ĴڵʲôǣĹĿϺ󣬵óһۣǾ̽ʵڲϵ½
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ˡҲͷ۵˵ľҶ֮УȻ֧ţս֮ô̴꣬ȻûгľҶĻԣֶθ֮⣬һҪԭǣ̴ʵҲǰ
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ʮ꣬˵ʲôȽشıʵĻôô
ˮľ֪Ӱ飬ɾǲ߿ֻۣȻͨħǣħճΪ̽綯ҵĸԴ
ǲ߼һ̵Ļôʱ䵹ܹԵϡɺô
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ûʲôˮľǸЦЦȻʵ˵ʲôܹմĲʹ̽ˮƽô
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ҲˮľĻشȻǻۣ˲ô໹Ըͬ·ʯͷһ¶֪ô


223 ֮
Ҳ˵ǣˮľҲˣǿʶǿߣάԼ־˵ǿҡ
Ҫĵ·ߵˡ
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Ӹ˵ȷʵˣȡĲǣǾҪ飬ģʽ˶˶ȻĿǰΪֹβ޲⣬Чֶˣϧ
ģʽǿǣҲӦΣգȻϮһ̲ͣģȻΣգҲɴ˶ȻȻֺγǱĬĸıǣ
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227 ͳ
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Ȼɳһ£Ҫּۻ۵ϸڻܶ࣬ʣµģҪǶ¡ˡ·ϣɫѾȫˡ̵Ŀ֮£ĳһľҶڷסĴϡ
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228 
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ˣˡ

ڶ죬ˮľ𴲵ʱ򣬿ѾȥּۻȥˣҲϲ֪ǲˣû𴲣ǣ̴壬Ȥĵطûпȥιˡ
ôһеʱ⣬ѵð
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ˮľУ̴˿ܶȣľҶһ붼Ҫٵ㣬ľҶľʽͬдשʯ¥Ҳܶ࣬ƺľҶִϢֵҲ۴αԵӵľҶҪöࡣ
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229 
̶̵ʱڣܹ֮鰲ŵþΪһˮӰڤĲٱȸҪúãܵ볤Ķ೸ĸ֣޷ڤƸĸĸ
⸣֮УȻһߣ˷Ʈҡһ
ռߵĻӳԶһ£ǣһʱĳͻǱزٵġʱ䣬ǿ㹻ˣͨʱĽһȺ̺̣ѾܹһѵºѶȲߵˣͿԽŴ߶ʵߴƣȡ棬Ȼѭĵ·
ǣ躹޵ʱŲȥǾͻΪһĸԴռ߻£ĹؼͶ룬ף޵ԴĴ̡
Ϊʲô֪ľҶĺ󱸽ϵЧµߴҲǼ٣ʵһϵ·άռ߻ľ޴ģûܵռ߻ĺô֮ǰ󲿷ߴѾֲס;ˡԣʦͽϵĴУӢߣľҶܹ÷ḻԴ͵ѧУϵҲֻܹľҶһһˣɰ壬Ҫ²ѶΪ֮Ͳʲô߽֮ĶɰɫʦͶҩȶؼֻʦͽܴ֮С
ͬɰ˽ľӢߵ壬ҪʵһԶƻ֮ȶչǱزٵģսĴĿˮӰʸֵġѪ֮硱ͳεɰ壬ϧһЩľҶԶ岻ҲҪ򿪹ţֺ̽ĽΪ˻㹻ԴɹѹأҲɷѿˡ
̴ֻӰڵľǣ͹ˡӶ֯ʵƻΣ֮ǰջҪ߶ʤˡ
ԶԶĿһȺСŵϰ｣ڼɫ̵Ŀ£Ҳ¶˿и֮ġˮľҡҡͷոմӡѪ֮硱Ĳп̣߳ûѧƵڶСӵĽУ̫ҿ̵ŽֻСӵų֮ģЩӶɱ¾ɵߣͲǺϸĽʦ
ְҵַˣ˼ҵĺôԼƨ£
ˮľԳЦЦת뿪ªѵû߶ԶͱһӰסˡ
㣿ˮľʵλӳ֪кηԸ
ʽ϶û¶İӳҲ֪ЩʲôҪ飬Ȼû¶档
ղž;һЩ򰵵ͣԼϣˮľҲû⣬Ҳ㿴Ҳûʲôɻ䣬û뵽Ȼ
ˮḷ̌õģûж⡣ӳƽ͵˵ʵЩΪѧУʦˮľ̡
ӳĻˮľҲе㾪ȣû뵽Ȼ⡣
Ҳûκ˵ҲѧУʦɣ
Ȼô˵ˮľǿʶˣڵˮľȥѧУķҲǲˡ
ǺǡӳЦЦˮľĵ٩ÿɷ񣬽˵ǳﱸķˮľҲˣ֪кۣ
ˮľ뷴ʵ滰Ļ
𣿡ӳһ㶣漴Ӧʲôû˵İɡ
հԶȻǰ;
ˣ
ˮľͷߴչûһߣͳŲ
ӳͷʵʵأ
øԶ۸ֵͣû㹻Ǯ֧ŵջһ죬ǾҪꡣ
ˮľָеΣա
ôأӳһݡ
͵ΣҲС
ˮľνʼ硣
ѧУֶǴǮĶҪǰ;ôԶ黳öô컨׹˵ףΪ˴̶̺ڵģӢĿģ߲ܵ˴ûҪġ
ԣ˵ˣǼֵԽãԽһƶȣ˿ڻԽ㹻Դĵʱǳַߴۺʵ
Ƕ֣Ͳһˣһ׵£Ʊز㹻Ͷ룬˵ģЩСһÿѵ̾ߵģһʿռôĳأΪٵ߲ȥ⵱ķǶͶ룿
ʵ˵ԹովҾ˴ƸĸĸȻѣҲò˵պܴ󡣡


230 뷨
ˮľĻش𣬰ӳͷ⣬ûôȻСǵѪ֮硱ͳαսᣬеҪı״ڤҲòС
˵ǣ֮ڣ̽ûʲô̫սˣڱǰ֮УҲ岻Ļᡣ
ϧʵûԤϵδˮľҲȷǲĻʱ䡣һЩ˷ı仯ˮľģѾĿˣɰ֮ЫѾˣ˵øˣǲľҶ֪Ժ󻹻᲻ӣˮľȷˡ
⣬㣬̫Լܲˡ
ΪİӳҲˮľжϣ룬ȻʵЩʲôô
ˮľǾʵشҲ˵ʲôֻһ˺ܴۣЩΪʦߣҪľҶܿͱˣ
ô᣿ӳȵ˵ЩɶǾѡٮٮߣʵûκģҳҲ⣬Ҳ൱мһˡ
ˮľҡҡͷ˵Ҫֻʵ黳ܵһýʦĻǿˡ˵ǣǸͲôһʦһＸ㿪ʼСӵʦûв´Ļʹʦߣвٻûгʦѧɣ
ô֪
ˮľЦҪµʵ̫ˣһȺʮǿﵽ̵ߣ̫ǿܶ඼ʦ졣ո볤ӻܶ඼ûдӾ֣ǵʦһǻѪ飬ҲʣʲôˡûгѧУƶǰͰĹ񣬿ЩһѧУʵ̫߿ˡ
ʹ̰ӳҲее꣬̾һ˵ȻľҶߣ̵ľȷʵḻ۹ҲܶڹǰʵǰŪˡ
˵ţһԶһȺСӵѵߺȻˮľϿҵ˵֪ⷽ棬ľҶܹһЩ֧֣
ʵҲ֪ϰʦͽֱ֮ӴУϵͳĽϵĽûʲô񣬲֪Ҫ߶·
ʵΪˮľܵ
鷳˵һҲ޷ڿԲǼ仰ܹ˵ġô飬ûеõӵ׿֮ǰˮľûôȨ޶˵ġ
ʵ󣬿ԺҲ̸̸ҲֱӺͻӰϵ
ˮľǺĵĽ
ˣðˡ
ӳҲֻźĸˮľˮӰȥˡԼûʵ͵ѰȻ飬ľҶʮĳɹ飬ɲôģµġ
ŰӳҴҶȥˮľҲٲЩ飬ʹ鷳Ҳ䵽ˮľͷϣϾˣж¶ˣҲֲԼͷϣǶ˵˼ʵôң֪е⣬ô˻һˮľ˳Ҹɰˡ

Ľ࣬ҪľҶҪһ㣬µķȴҪö࣬ĽͷйһˮľҲȷʵҶεĹɢĲΪ̴֮һĻڣˮӰĴ˵̵ĺպ˵ҲЩ־͸оѪζļһƶ壬ҲȷʵûܹĶ
һֱ磬ˮľ̵ĻصסȴˮľԷͲͷˡ
ˮľ̫˰ɡ
ǸˣˮľĴ˿Ҳأ
֪˯𴲣Ȼ˵Ҫǲùˡ
˶ɢȴԽԼʮиҲĲ֮Ա
ͣľˮľеһʵǲǶ˵ʲô
ôˣ鷳ˣˮľʵ
Ҳ鷳ɣǸŮˮӰʽЭ󡣡

ЭҪкôɣ
ǰ̽սľҶǺֵģ̸ϹϵѺãټϻ֮伸ѾǲˣЭĻûô˭Ҳɡ
ⷽ⡣ͷ۵˵£ִƺǳĸȤ
Ȥˮľν˵뵱ȻҲһµѶȣҲ䲻ͷϣǲԱָʹǰľҶѧϰĦʲôϵ
鷳ѧУʦʹСˣѾСӵûһëߵĹϵ
鷳ңҪ̴ЭҵΣңǸŮˮӰ򽻵ܸое֡


231 ȼ۽
֣ˮľЦЦʵ
ô˵أƺеŤ˵ǸŮˮӰƺµʮָȤ
ⲻô
ӦøӹעҪ飿ǿˮӰ
ŮˮӰˮľǿ
ȿȡڵ˵ҪȻᣬһȥɡ
ҪҵȻỹҪȥ壬ӵĽˮƽô
ˮľҡҡͷ˵ȥ˹𲻵ʲôãһϵﵹæġ
ô᣿ʵ
ˮľƮƮ˵ΪѾѻˣ
ȷʵǿÿ޻˵
ԣӦһƣ˵ռأ
ôܡڨЦ˵ҵݣҲû˸Ȥɡ
ΪҲȤͲ˴Ϊ֪㳤ʲôˡ
ȷʵȻԼεúܺãǴཻܶˣ֪ԼĿġ
Ȼˮľͷȷϣȷʵǰ
˵ţˮľתͷԲԶ˵ιˣСӣǼǲûʦĿ
ˮľĻ⣬ʱǵȤ
ðɡΪѵĿֱԼ۾ߵҲ൱Ҫ鱨ҿɲй¶ˡ
ǰɣˮľʦող˵ô
ˣ˵Ǽǰңöȥ仯ͺܴˡ

òװѺʢļСӴߣˮľʵֵļһ㶼ˣڿʼ˵°ɡ
һ˵ĿǰºҪһ̿ԣһκܻܿľҶٰ죿
ǣһ㲻Ӧͬ˹ٰ֮ô
Ҳûа취飬̴壬Ŀǰ״̫ãɰͲ˵ˣ״ˣ̴̴ǹϵβμ̿ԶҪ飬̴͸˵ˣûоٰ̿Եʵ嵹ʵǿ󣬵ǣǲǵ˹ϵҲá
ԣ䵽ͷϣ
ţִΪǼ£ʹ̿ΪľҶͻƿڣҪٳɹٰһ̿ԣҲϴˢһӦԲĳ衣
ҲʣҪһˡ
̿ԵİƱҪӵϸ񣬶ִˣˮľ˾ܲġ
оǴ̣̿еıֱ֣ӹϵľҶ棬οкͬЭ顣
СҲ֪¹ش󣬲òˮľ˽ڶ£Ǹո˵ģѧУ飬ִϿʵԮǣǲԱֱӲ룬ɳʹߣǰľҶפѧϰ
ѧУʹǵɣҪʲô
ڻѧУڱʦôЩ飬Ҳʣ磬ʵָ۲죬̽һĺ״
һǹؼɡˮľͷ۵˵òƺ鷳ӡ
ǰİŲͻֻ˲ص㡣
ðɡ֪ˣΪʲôִ˲ô򵥵ɿڰɡ
ṩ鱨ڡ֯ޡɽǲһˮӰľϢ
ܣȻЩϢˮľѾ֪òˣǶڤеȣԱҳ󣬲˭ġ
鱨ȥҸִ֤
Ϊ£ôĹֵô
Ϊ翵δԼҾϢ㡣ƵˮӰڤķ
ʵҲûʲôһЩֻܹĹܣȡһǺôҲֻǸһ֪ʶͳɹĴۣǸȡɡ
ðɣֻҪֺڤòˮľҲνˡЩ綼֪ĶҲ޷
ǻǵһӰôô顣ӻ᲻ص飿
ҡҡͷ˵ˣǰڵ齻㣬㲻Ҫֻ̫࣬ǻشǵʾͿˡ飬ȥľҶ̸
ˣЭľϸڽ㣬ҾǱ۾࿴룬˳شһ޹ʹ⣬ֺˡ
̾һ˵ôֱӡ
û˵
ðɣĲҪһȥǸŮˮӰ
ˮľҡҡͷ͸¶һܣҽò״̽ģˮľѹ˵˵λŮˮӰʻˣ׶ȴûģ޵ĲˣǧҪ˵ʲôйص⣬пĴҲҪ˵


232 鱨
ˮľṩİϢľǾԲԸŵģʩչмơĽ飬ҲǾԲģô߳ܵ飬ˣѱˮľأҪǲСĴȥɾˡˮľں൱ġ
תһ磬ȥЩСϢˣ
ǲСϢþС
µŮˮӰڤͿڱ൱ܹˮӰλãҲ顣Ķ࣬Ľ㽵٣ǿƵǰƽƽĽ֮ĵģҲûˣ̸ۼޣңңڡ
̾һ˵ʵ˵ֺּۻ۵£ҾӺʣ
ô᣿ˮľҡҡͷ˵Ƕӳ⣬ȥĻݻǲ˵㡣
ƾľĴĿӰѧݣѾ˲ҵˣս̴ֳ彻ʣˮľ֡Ұ·ӡȥһ滹ǲġ
ðɣ㲻ԸȥˡȰˮľԸȥҲͷˣȻЩͶϵġ˺İȫӸոյ鱨ϮĿԴˡ
裿겻ɢˮľüͷ˵
磬û˸ҺӴвһξ˵ڱصã
ڹƿԲǾ˵ǻس̻Σգ
ͷ˵ִ˵ѹܴ˶ΣУ¹ش󣬹ʵǰڴﲻҲ࣡
ôõ
һΣҪҲˮ֮߰ͲܱôԶ񡣡
⵹Ǹ鷳¡ˮľҲ²ð졣˻ãҲ˴Ϊտ뿪Ҳû˸˵ģ
뿪֧߰ˣҼλϸжˡĿǰ״ȦֻѹĳɳǸӵᶨ뿪ľҶ֮ô
ӦǰɣȻص˵ķչ߰໹ûո¶ͷǣܾҪֱˣʵڿϧ
Ϊʲôôż
˵ûеȵĴ裬ӦһתΪʲôҪôеĶʵ⡣
룬Ƕˮľ͸¶׷ᣬĴѹܴζҵĲֻ֮һѣҲõ˲ûüٵ鱨ϡһиҪһ㡭
ƺеݵ˵һʹд䵽ԶԸ
˵꣬ɫӵĿˮľ˵㵣ĵ飬ڳΪʵ
ⲻͲµģ
֪ǶһЩ˵еԽܣҲֶӳеһЩҲһ֪ȻоЩĺ
ⲻʦóʱˣˮľο˵ڵľҶɲȺ׵ʱ˵ģǻӰ
ҵº˵ǽһʱڣš֯ĳţ̽罫һƽȵʱ⣬û˻ʱĿŵĶǲ֣ʱҪĻڡ
ܡ֯ϮʧľҶ壬ĴӶӶ֮֯ģ壬ϴ飬ò˵һ־磬ڵϴˣаʲôɫ˵ǲ˫һ
ԡ֮̽־Ų˵лӰľҶ壬һ죬ֵľء
ˮľĻʱ˿һЩģΪѵ飬ɸֳȽϺʡ
ķʱĵ⣬ˮľ룬ͻȻʵڴĶĿɿô˵жôǿ˵С̡֮һҲһ˭ɵǣ
ˣˮľΪ񣬲Ҫ˵ԡ̡Ҳǰ塣һ㣬Ҳ˵٣ɲôôˡ
˿Ľͣˮľǿͬĵͷ鱨ûдﵽܹȷȷҲٵĵزЩС£Ϯ׼ûġ

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û뵽ӵĽˮ׼ǲɱ¾磬ȻԵĻԣ
ңˮľȵǣȻвֻԵľҶƵȻĵλ൱ߣϧάֽתˮƽУͷӲͿˮľ̽öûб־Ϳɼһߡ


233 
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ǲ˲ٶ
ľҶķеƵĽ磬һЩʩ벼֣Ҳ͸¶ľҶɫǲðˮӰЩһЩıˡò˵ˮľֽһЩŸϣȻ˼ֻԼ֪©Ȼ尲ŵЩп޵ļӣֱһ˲һֵĳأֱӰסһֻ׹˸֡
̫ˣǧʱõġ
ˮľֹѾҪ˿ΧΧ̡
ôִˣ
ˮľתͷʵ
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ɲдӰɣҪɱԷ
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ˮľʦϾҪӮˡõˮľ֣ɺд۵ˮľ
̵д裬ǵΰɣҲǵ߰Ĵ̣ǵڰ˰İɣ
รˮľȵ˵ҵĶºܲҿǸӳڣǶҵġ
˵ţˮľת͵Ļĸ޴ֱӽòҽС
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Ȼȭ÷ӡʱһ²䲻ܹġ
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ĿˮľϵıԽԽͻȻһ󲻰Ĳ֡
ףǣӡʱ򣿡
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ǼȰȥϢһ£
ӡı̫ұʼãƣ˹ȥ
һȻʲôˣԼˣˡ
˲Ķˮľȭ˵ֻˮľ֣Ȼת֮ͰȻ˹ȥ
Ϲ˵ˡСӣֹ˵ĶȻˮľǸ
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ţΧȮڣŮ־˵ҲæµĻ˵
֪ˡ
ڲ£һ뿪ˮľЩȵֱ۵ӡͷ۵ŶԲߡ
һô鷳ӡɲԼİƷŲܣǻҪġ
ʱ׿⣬ˮľſһ˵Ľʵλôƺ
𣿡һһ̳УɫгһŴʹԽǰˮľмơľҶ̣֪񡣡
ˮľû̵Ĺάֱʵδմ
ˣ̣ҿˡ
ðɣλ̣ľҲˣλгʮɵС磬ľҶСӸ鷳ˣǸ


234 
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ľæµһ죬ˮӰҲѹ޴
ǻмܻȥ
ʱȻɵӰȴܴ̣¿ɲǺ£һĸӣ򵥵ܱܿսǲǲɽǰӲܽԼֻܺ̽˵Լ
ʱ䲻ܾãӦòͬеĴɱɱϵĶ̫˷ʱˡ
ΪʲôǲһЩרŴǶʺ߰ɣ
˭ε˵ѾҲʺϵˣҶæ
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ڻԾ״̬֮ӡˮľԼϵİƷʴǿܹĶԶ룬ʵ̫ˡֶÿһΣǱĬĸıʵ˵ǡ
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ˮľҡҡͷʱʲôð취
֮ӡ鷳֮ڴ־ǱдΣգ˵ӡԭʧأȽϺýʶıߣܱԵʴҪôöࡣ
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˵ףҪĳɳֺֻֿܵǸȡһʱˣһлҪԼ
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ѵǾôΪʲôô
̫ġˮľֻҪʹӡƽͲǺܴ󣬹ؼҪʵѸٵߣӶӡ
ľεĵͷҲֻˡ

ҹ˾ˮľȻڴǰűʱڵһЩ顣ǲϵ鷳ԽԽˣʵǿԼԽԽǿҵĸƱػǸ鷳˲£ǶԸ˵ǲԭµ飬ֻвϵʤͿԸ߲ܴܵеĽȸС
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һˣˮľͻȻһ
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䣬һӰ֣¹ӳӰڴǰ
㰡ҹ˯𣿡
Ӱһ漴ˮľ档
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˫͸ԵĹâˮľ˵ʱҵӡƺˮľʦҲʲôڣҺⰡ
รоˣˮľһҲûбдĽţǲţ츳Ȼ֪񡣡
˽֮£ӡҲǳ顣
ˮľûһ˿ܱĵǣﲻ͸һ˿ʧɫ
ı飬ˮľЦ˵ôΪȷЩС£˵뷨
еε˵ûж⣬ֻЩ飬֤һ¡
ûоͺáˮľҲû̫ƽϣʲô˼޹ؽҪʵͼʶͲԼʲôεľ֮С
ΪץסʲôѱôС
ûп϶ҲûзϣֱӦһ
Щ˵Ҳ֪̫࣬ûкô
ͷԥһ˵̫嶯ˣÿʱҲ֪Ϊʲôѿס֪ˮľʦϲңҪ˵лл
ˮľ̾һ˵㻹ûдԾĳ̶ȣһҸ棬ܹȫƲϵӡ֮ǰȻĻܵȲ㸴Ҫˡ


235 Ѻ
ӡֹһȰҪãֱӺһȰģˮľǵһ⣬ǲƺеƽʵ
˵ɣˮľʦʲôأȫ屻ɱʹ࣬˭ܹᵽ
õͳ˵ʹĻˮľҲûбʾ̫ࡣ
⣿ʹࣿû⣿
ðɣֵ͵ʶʣ뷨ʵе㲻졣
Ե뷨
ˮľһˮݹȥ
ȿˮ侲һ¡
һ꣬ˮľ˵츳ҲҪָ߹ԼľѾˣǲҲֹһϹսΪ츳ǿ٣
ֻһǻѪ͸֮ģ޻
˭ģǲ
ǲտڲĬˮľĻ
˵ףǿķڱ˵Ŀ֮ڣƾʲôʤǲûɱҪ𣬸ͲǼ֮߳⣬˵ף̫ˣΪǿߵǷȱȻˣȫ㣬ߵܹʲô̶ȶ֪ƾǳܹóʲôۣ
ô죿ˮľĴαӲƤеʵѵֻ񿨿ʦ˵ô
ԼҪǵ飬˰ﲻ㡣
ʵɫˮľ˵ѳ޿ڿĹߣȴϣԼʹࣿÿ˶ǲͬģָԼ뷨ʲô飿ͬҪãڱͬĵ·ϣߵԶĶࡣ
ˮľĻһᣬȻ̧ͷ˵Ҫ̫ˣȷʵʵûôݳޡڵҪֻǸ
˵˰죬ǻصԭ㣬ͺúŬɣʲôףʿʦҲҡȻȥɣúϢ
֪ˡǲͷϣȴջʵʧ
ȵ뿪ָֻƽˮľĺŲ裬Ŵɫ
ˮľᷳ
ѯʵһӰͻأˮľϡ
ղô˵̣˺þ˰ɡ
״ǲĶע⵽Ź֡
ᷳôо˵Ҳûʲôãֻڷܰˡ
ᷳΪʦ̬Ⱥ֣²̰࣬ƫҲӦðɣ
ÿֵľһ㣬ϲãˮľһҲֵôԣΪһʦԵĲϸ
ǰȰСһﷳ͸ˡˮľ̾һͬʱҲԼ
Լʲôɻ˵
ţУôģ
ǳ츳ߣǱ޳ͷԡ
ˮľͷͬ⣺ҲôΪģǣô
һ㶣ΪдǲӦ
ˮľڰֹ֣˿ĳƪۣһУǲ˵ְźõġԣҪȷĵ·԰ɣ
ûȷϵ˵Щǿ϶ģ㵽˵ʲô
ˮľջӴµߣſ˵صһ룬ֱܹ뻵Ŀ΢΢Ϊ飬һһ£˭˵
ǣ飬ûоͷĺڰ֮·
ľʹÿ飬ͲΪˮľļ򵥵Ļҡˡ
ˮľûкͿʲô̵˼
ձ˰źõĵ·ǰǴģֻǵĲǶԵġϣʲôʱְ뷨
ˮľʣÿһϣԶԡ
˼ãľɫصĶˮľ˵Ļ޷ǣҪĵ¹ۺģƽƣľҶĴУһԲܷϣ
ˮľȻܹʣƫľҶ뷨ʮֵĲͬ⡣
ôҲô𣿡
Ŭô룡
Ǿ˵ûгɹˮľǰδе̬ȶԿ˵ôڵǺˣʲô𣿡
ȿشˮľʵ޼ɵİű˵ǵΪǲʲô𣿡
ˮľĻʱÿ𾪲ѡ
û£ѵΪںİ컵£
˵ţԳһЦ
˵̫࣬оҪˡ
ǲǺİ컵Ҳ֪ǣûҪ㻳ĵز뷨Ǹı䲻ġ
ô죿𣿡
ô᣿ΪʦְҪסġ


236 񡱵ĵ¹
ְֻ𣿡ҡҡͷˮľҵѧԷܣҲУ
ˮľ˿޸ı뷨Ŀ˵һηˣϣףûȰܣֻ˵Ĵķʽ⡣
øô
Ҳ֪˵̵Ч΢΢˵ĸָֻ֮ŵˣԥܵ淴֮ĵų⣬ԣʵҪģǸźõ·ǸָԼȥѡ񡣡
뿪ľҶܴջ󣿡
û
ˮľĻش𣬿ٴζһˮľɫʵģ
ˮľտڲԣĬ˿⡣
ʵ¹͸һ˿һգصĿУľͻȻ˵
ˮľҲ˵ĶԣǺǲڱʵû𣬶Դֶζ࣬ͬҪ֤ǶԵģǴģ¸ǣҿԺȷΪ˺ңΪ˱ҵѧһǲġ
˵ţ΢ƽ˵Ľһῼǣ飬һԸȷʵǲʣҲǰǲĵ̫ˣÿһߵĵ·ҪԼȥѡ񡣵ǣԲ׷£ƴȫҲֹµķ
ˮľԳһЦǸҶˣ˵˲˵ģȥ
ˮľе֣ûϢô˵ΪԲ֮ҹ»ӣ
пܡ
Ҳ̸̫ƺе㲻ףЦ˵ܴˮľҲϣ߽ͬΪľҶߣһҪǵ̫͹۵˼⣬ǲǸģЩȥǾˣ
񣿡ˮľһ㶣漴ЦЦȷʵˡ
ǾɣϢտС鷳ķĻɲء
˵ţһ˲ֱ뿪ˮľķ䡣
ġݡܲ״̬أû˵ǲľһ٣ʧܰ
Цŵˮľֱۣ¹·Ө˫֣ŸղľĻ
֮ȴԡ񡱵۹磬뷨Ǵʲôʱʼģԭ֪Ѿ˵ز鱨ƴġϵӽǡָжȻѾ˺ĵز˵ұˣ
һˣˮľٿȻ
񡱵ĵ¹ۣұʴˣѵȻ
Ҳ̸ģʽȻܴķգˮľʱѡ
Ѿ޷жϣԭԼ־ܵŤ뷨Ȼ׻һ죬֮죬Ǵֲ
ǴһʼԤ˿ܵΣգҲ̸֮󣬸ӵף岻ĵսʱҪԵΣǶôľ޴ľսеӵ쳣һСľͻٲλãֻǱ˸ûֺܵ
λȥ˾⣬ϵҲҪˡΪǲԽʱû뵽Լߵȳ˲ͷ۰
ˮľĵ˼ŶԲߵʱˮľע⵽Ľ䣬һֻСɵ޷ע⣬ûд鲼ľС󡣬˫ԵĿˮľĴڣˮľķȫ۵ס
͸Īϵˮľ߷״˽һҲ˷Ĵ̨ϡ˯಻ŵ˵λȻĿ˿ˮľķ
ϰ裬ԽǴˣԽܵȻϮ̫࣬Ҳһֹô
Ҳ૵˵
ģʽΣգû˭ܹҲӵףֻԸ֮ܲЩ˺˵β޲ܹʱĸеĻôȻεǱĬĸı˷ˡ
Ĵģʽʧܣ˵Ϊףĳһ͵˵ӵԵֵʴû뵽ģʽ辶Ĵ裬ǲ֪е԰Ρ
Ϊ֮ɣҲ֪˵˻ǲңϣܹҵİ취Ҫĵ·ԽԽԶ
ŵҲͷ˿˯ˡ
ѵõݲŰҵĵӣδܹϣ֮ôϣһβҪ;زۣУҪӼǿһ㰡ˣ
ΪŵźѵҲڲˮս֮ҵ˸ƽϣ
һж㰲źõô㰲ĵӴڿһҪѡˡ˵ˣҪôأ


237 
ϣ״˺ܶ࣬ȥıȴ١ԶԣˮľǱȽ˵ġܹռ߽ľҶ壬һӵĽĳΪߵ츳ûбһӶ顣
壬ˮľĴڣǶһȺѧУѧУˮľܾǳˮӰǼģ۵ĴˡľҶƻǺ۵ģܹľҶͷص̣ԲЩ̵ĳνһòˣʵȴôļһܹġ̴УôͨˡǵͼѵһĴ
ΪʱˮľҲǺСӴٽˡľҶﵽһ;ͻȥѧУ츳ͬҲſƶȣԣܶ־ڵߵ˶ԣڵ״ѧܶ඼ˣˮľУĿܺһ̶޼ˣߵ·ϣȻǸѧߡ
ЭȻ˵ˮľĹʱֻϵ飬˽һ£ľҶѧУôʽżˮľҲṩһЩĽ顣
ͱǳ䵱ʦѧУʦز㣬ȻˮľĽ£Σֳͬεİ༶굽ʮ겻ȣѧУǳ޷ѧ޺ʵ꼶ֻˣһЭˡ
ʹѧ˼죬ż֪ʶϰֻ죬мơСѧ˼άϵƣ϶ᱻѧԶԶ˦ں棬ǱδԱЩѧֵڴЩԲͬ͵ѧһԵĲ̫ʡҲ̫ƽˡ
мڴˣ岻ò߹ˮľĽ£ʼ˶Բͬѧʽѧ
ˮḷ̌ò˵ľҶ߽ȷʵǷǳ㣬ܶ˲עСϸڣڿǷǳá
һһ̺ˮľ˵ˣǺˮľйһ֮ԵĿҪ˵ʣûдԽ£Ǻˮľк֮ܶƽڻװϣˮľƺԼӰӣĪһ˿׽СѧУʦƵʱҲУˮľԾĺ˼䣬ԾͽһЩ齻ˮľһˡ
ôʵҲֻһЩС¡ոչֻǺǰģҪ΢һ㡣
˵أŲԶһСİ༶ϰ
Сһ۰ûиʱ򡣡
ˮľҲ˵ĿˮӰһ죬ЩСӣǰѧУʱӣľҶСһأã
Ҳˮľ̵ĹͰҪȻƣ
֮ǰںĴǾò·ıУһЩһǳľɥǵһЩûʲô߽ʦֲ죬ʲôʱ򣬾͸ӵЩСһˡʣӦ˼άݳ̶ȻѧϰһܹĹʹ˼ĸǣ
ھˮľĽ֮Щһǿʰߵ·ţܵġβͬεľУɾ͸еĻã꼶СѧҲƫĺӵνԽСڿһﱻǿƼϰĺӣųΪһߵϽѧ
Щ֮ʹı仯ľĵչ¶Ҳˮľδ൱Ŀá
ĿǰҲֵֻزˣһһϦܹɵģ飬ܾҪϸµĺˡ
Ҳסͷ˵˵ģ˵ЩʦʵҲ൱飬ôˣֻһЩӣҲر˵һ¡
ˮľЦЦ˵˵ΪǺӣԸӵԴ
Цˮľ̹ȻᣬǲûѾ൱ͷˡ
ĵĹѵſͻȻһɧΪ׵ģˮӰڤ߲Զľڱ߱ĵľҶҲں棬Ǹĳʮɡ۵ˮľͻȻʲô
ôͰ̵֮һ˳ʮɣԭͼƻõģĻľҶ̶۶Ľͣ
̵׷սӵʱ˲ŵ̵ܹģÿһ


238 ֶ
ĺ˲֪ٵĹˮ£ʣµܹеŵģҲʮˡܹʱ賤ʮ˫ӦԳʮɵǱʵϿɡҪǲ֪ʮǲԼͬĻ֪ʲô顣
ˮľɫĿһۣɫƺûʲôһ
֪ʮɱϱ˫ɣΪֻǼ򵥵Ļһ
һˮӰڤĵͻȻ⣬Ͱźõһιֳϵ£ľڳˮľӳʵûôˡ
ˮӰĵȺСӸ𾢵ѵ
еˡڤĵͷǰǸģѧУ֪ĻΪѵͯӾء
ѾģĽѧˮľһۣȻڤ˵ˮӰ˵Цˣֲ̽սͯӾ飿
˵ҲǣҲֻǶԹֶθеȰˣȻֻɱɱǣǲ̫Զˡ
ˣҲǴҵĹ͡

ڤľгˮľԾĺˣľҶߵһ𣬵ڤͿ˷Ѹ顣Ҳ֪ڻവڴΣˮľѻ׼װûˡ
ףˮľʦôˣ˿˿ˮľƲԶ¶εЦӦڤĿǱߺҪ㲻ȥ𣿡
ҪǵĿʦᴦõġ
˵ţˮľ֪ͳһС׼ڤľķȻ˼š
ˮľʦǣȮڣɻĿˮľľٶ
ˮľ˻е˵ľҶļ֤һô˵ùȥҪҪҲţ
Ҳ𣿡ȮڣϲʵУˮľʦ͵ĸ߼ͦİɡ
ͷô죿մë֡ˮľһĵȮڣġצӡ
ңС
ϻˣҪҪࣿڸƣĳ̫ҿɲܡ
֪ˡ˵ŵȮڣʵıų裬žͷ¶һΪ˧Цݡ

ʱţȺҲߵΪǵˮӰ׳׳ơԽԽ࣬ˮľҲֳֵĻоô˸£һСʯһƨˮľóϸķŽջ
ݵŮ־ˣɬ͵˵ֵȮڣĴҰӣһǲȻϲͷˡЩˮľҲ֪ûлٸһţı仯
ڿʲôأôôģ
㰡ôˮӰˣ͵ܲðɣ
ʸ˵ңһ͵ˮľˮӰҪѧ˵仰Ҿͳչˡ
ôһ˵ˮľˣӰԳնҲѧУѧʱ¶ôλĵĻᣬһν
ôʲô𣿡
죬ǾͿԷˡ
Ŷͦ˳ġȻûʲôΣգҲԵеĵˮľҲûʲôˡ
šľ룬Ȼ˵Ϊ˵鲻ģ
˵ϣˮľô᣿֮俴һ㿴Һ³ôѣ˳ۣ˸һ٣ҲûӰ֮
ˮľ˵ָ͵Էӡ֮ʱ
ˮľԳһЦһٹǱȽˡ
ûҲͷˡ
ΪôСˣ
𣿡ѵõĿˮľЦ˳۾ͰѶ³һ٣㻹С
ڲż
Ȼ֪˳ˮľĻˡ
ⲻǸѧô
˵꣬ˮľ˵⣬ΪҸô죿
ôˮľȰ˵ûˣ

ˮľͷ˵ȡ;кܶ࣬ɾиеͣȻΣճ̶Ҳǲһģṩѡ
˼ˮľ˵
ɳĸ߶ȺٶǲһģҪף׼ʲôȡô׻ȡġ
һ˿ô̡
ɬҡҡͷΪѵʵ磬Ҹģ⣬ô죿
ǿ
ˮľ˵䲻ĻȻ츳Ƕߵĸ߶һ֪ɲסҪǿֻҪѭ򽥽ĸǿˡ


239 δĵ߰
ǽȥƭ
ˮľĽթζ̫Ũˣľе顣
ˮľӦҲľҶͳ߽ٮٮߣûнҲٺ͡򽻵Ŷԣľˣ֮ͽûУǽӵǻõôֱ׳ģ㻹Ҽĵһ
Ӧòǿ佱ɣȻζˮľҲóˮľΪЦ
Ȼǡ˵ôͺ˵һǲԼûʲôˡ
иõİ취ô˵Ҫ̿ȡһЩ壬Ȼ̸ɱķ
˵Цˣôü쵽۷ߣѪ޽ͻȻûʲôʵĽݾˡ
׼ʲôġߡͦģ˵ǧôѧóһʱˡ
ǧ֣²õ˵ôҲ޻̸֮Ϊ߲ʿӰҲǧɣԶﴫĿ֮ʣ
˵˵ˡ
̸ͣǧɱҲȥĻ˵ǧ֡
ЩЦԺ˵ɣˮľһúÿǵģҲҪķΪֶˡôԴĻ˵ԺᱻԹޡ
ô᣿ˣ˭˵׼δ
̵жǿѧʲô˲ˣˮľǿĽ̵֮ƺɵľͻشĵ֣߰࣬ҲûôҪ˵жǿ濴߰ոտս裬ƣ֮£׷ŴѨںݴ͵ǲҩʦսУ·ҲǲܽܣںŴʱɣֱӼ̳˴һУȻǲûռʲôˣҪǲˮ˵ˡ
ʹǺǲգͲдۣںͰβսʱҲǡӥСΧŹˣҲֻһӰ̸ϣҪǲͰ׾ģ˵ͱˡ
˵ֱӲָҡ֮ǰ̳˴ȫ²ҲͶԸϴӮĸɴ䣬Ҳδ̫ɫӰͰܵĺƢ
ô󣬰ͰζܳΪʵǿ̣ǲ츳ҲΪʲôУȽϽ̵ʦؿԱľܹʲôƣȭϸָܶѵǲŹ¾һŲû̵ڰɣ
ˮľǲʵ϶Ҫȴ̵ҪģǲĻ޷ֲĳ̶ôƺҲ̫ܣ˵ɴ̳һǻۺ;һԾĻûһҲһǿı˵ĳ̶ȡŸ˧ͺһѳƺҲ˵̫⡣ңʵ״£ǲʹ˺ԭ˼Ĳͬ׷ܲ˳ķɴ裬˵
ľָĻһʵȲԭ޲תڷӡͲľҹʱæ˵ʲôʣĨƽеģҪô˲֣ҪôҪһЩıˡ
ˮľľ飬ԶĿˮӰڤıҲӽβˣƺһĴˮӰҪȰ׷ԲԵͷҪܻӭˡ
ˮľ̸۹ܶΣôһξͲĽ˰ɡ
šˮľͷ
ǺðɣҲҲõİ취ˣֻȥˡ
ƺ¶˾ġ
⣬һ¡ˮľͻȻľҪ֮֮飬ֱʵŷһ㶼Ҫע⣬˿עҪ׷ҲģҲ˵ĵ߰࣬ϾҪֱ֮ڣһơ֮ͬǷϵˡһ㣬߰ԱƱضİţԵ߰ɣʵߣŷǳӰ졣ЩԲô
ˮľһ⣬ʱľʵͷת
ЩҲǹôԴĽ̵ĻⶼûԣٵΪֹһûҵʲôð취
ûôҾ˵䣬߰˵뿪ֿܣһ֣ʹ˷ѣ취ƼΪ̣㹻ɺ͸ѡռ䣬ʵսиߡڶֿܣϽѡһĶԱԵ߰ƿ


240 ѡ
ˮľƽ飬ľϸĿһº˵
ڶ߰ಹԱһ൱ѣջҪִ˵һƼΪ̣Ҳᣬֻеȼ֮̿ԡ
̿ԣǻҪصڶ״Ҫ߰ಹʱԱ
ûѡض൱أ̣ҲͲ岻֡
鷳˰
Уˮľ˵ҺֱӰ㴦ǵ߰£ȻѲ
ҵ飿ҲǸ͹𣿡
ˣʾһµ̵߰ķ򣬡ҵѧɲֻˣһҰӣ㲻˵̫ƫôҿҵֲİ취ˣӦɲܷڣ
ҰӣŶˡˮľˣڳΪڰ˰ָ֮ǰľôҰӣʦˮľʱˮľĴӦˡֻǹôûģ־ô£ˮľҲеŵڰ˰̵Ľ̵ΪѾ֮ˣû뵽ľᡣ
ˣ
ˮľЦŵͷСӣѾˣ
Һ̸ΣѾҲ֪ˣԼȥ롣
Ȼѡˣ̡֮һĸִˣĿӰʵ벻ʲôơ
ˮľļ򣺡СӣѾҴüˣǴͷ
ô˵ģ
Ȼʵʵ˵ˣ
ҵһСŮȻ£
˵ЦôҲСӣһµĽ֮꣬ʲôˣСӣ֪ģֹЦˣ˭ţο㻹ոս飬ܲ»鲻þͶСŮְɡ
˵ˣˮľЩΪѵ˵˵Сӣֻңǻûľ
ԣҿ㻹׼ɣָʦˮḷ̌
ͻأӰĵӲôôѡͨߣ
Ĵأʱôɲóˣ
̾һ˵һ㣬ҵǾ÷ǳˮľ

ţֹ㣬ִǱҲϸѯʹִûоܾ
ҲûȷӦ
ԣԣҰСӣϸ˵׺ΪСӣʲôѡ񣿡
˳ľṩ˼·ˮľŲԶЦ֮СӣһᣬȻҪúô̺һͽܣܲˣ˳ΪӰӵĻѡңѹܴ󰡣
ˣ
ܲôǲСӣԼѡʱ֪ôһ죿
ô᣿ЦŴôСӣͰˡǱˮӰкˣȻġ
ˮľֻõͷĿſıӰԶ
ԵһƽСŮ˼ֶһΣٲСӣڸֵĽ̵²̫Զɣ
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һͨͥСŮ˴ͷԣͻɫ츳Լ֪ʶûʲôر߲ˣֶԼ൱֪֮ƽߣ˵ĺеʵ˵Ա
ϤˮľͲϤĸ֮䣬̡͡ĿӰԴҰӣ˵ǽƣҲĪѹһ޸ͨŮߣΪӰӵĻᣬô˸߲һ㷲ߵĿԾԱǰҪöࡣŸٹ̵𱰹磬ûˮľǰôšһ졢ڼ˵ӻ̫ˣ̽ĹϵܶȥѪŦá
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241 Ϯ
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242 Ԯ
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246 ֵ
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Ѷˮľ̿ʼͻ֮ѾЩϤˣϻĬǰˮľ˴󲿷ֵĹʱĸں棬ѰֵܹĿꡣ
˵ĽӽҲʼţɢ
һ
߮еĿͻȻԽˮľǰ۶ȥһĿࡢֱ۶ڹܵĴ󺺵ľУ޴̴ࡣ
ûᣬ
ľŵŴҵʱٴμ٣һڻӱܣ˫翸ֱӴ̴˺ۿͻˡ⻹û꣬ո˵ġľҶʦ˷Ĺٴν޲һۿֱԡ
ˡ
վľˡˮľǰڻסľ޴ıը˳ŲܷˮľϣˮľƵˡ̶ֳȵ𶯣ʵǲֵһᣬȻֳ״ۣľУסö©֮㡣
ĲϵıըҲܿɹۣˮ׵סߣ˿幥ЧΡ
ʣµļ˻ڵȴɢȥʱ򣬿һӰٴγһĿٴγΪꡣͬʱˮľҲûзŹᣬһˣ׼Ĺ֮ͽͻȻһһ죬ԴᵽһߣҲܶ
ǿȵĹҲľеԲò˵ˮľЪһᡣ
ɵƯ
˲Ϣ֮ķӦûгת֮͸ɵСĵˡ
ʵӦǸӳģɱôˣֶˡ
ðɣٽڿһΪˡ
ֽ½һֵĵĻ̫ϡ裬֮ڻһЩ©ָ˵ƵеĻᡣ
̽ôķչըеôսǹеͼˣΪȫûг߸Ͳ伸öűըĿ޹á
ˮľ˿ʮˣʤȯˡ
սǰŵúܲģƺûаպãǸˡҪνӵõǲӮôɡ
šͬĵͷ᲻ǶԷ״˵˸Ͳսŵִ̫ˡ
пܣĻҲǱ߿ܻѲ٣սˣǲǴ跢ʲô
˴ĻᣬԶĽ䣬ͻȻһҵıը޴Ĺ綼þҵҡΡ
滹ûзˮľת˿绹ά֣ⲻ󡣡
ǾͺáͻȻıÿҲе㵣ģｻңȥִ֣пܣץһڡ


247 
ĵȼĻ֣ǲû̫ĸСܵĽʹ;󲿷һΪӰߵ۷壬ĿӰǧĴ˵ģĿԳնҲһȱΪǿӰǣһֱ˥Գն˵оһ̽ӴĴҲͬһЩʵرǿ̡֮̿ǰԤУ³û£ǿҲܹռϷ硣
̣򽻵Ƚ϶ľǴʦˡڴ󲿷ֵͼĽѧƣʶȫսǷǳٵġǰ֮Ҳŵһμʶ֮սôġ
̿ԺһϵɧңĿӰսԭʵ֪ϵıͨٻ̫һβҰޣǲܺսҲǿߵܴﵽļ޵⣬˷츲صı仯
µһսٴ֮ܵʵǶôľ޴ڵİΧȦУľɱ¾ɣҲԹ߾ޡûʲôǿʹǧҲ٣򵥶ЧһЩõ޷Ӧԡ
һˮľصеˡľȣٶȻҲսľϵĲ໹ǺԵġȻǷȱȴѹԵƣֱײսʽΧǵ˵ʱȴ벻ЧַһǰƣһѪڵĳСټݵľʱĲ©ȱʹٴսƷԽԽ
άֽСӣϾˣһγصСŮûдﵽһĶõĳ̶ȣ˵ֳɵģάֽĲҪԼṩˮľȫ׼ˣάִȶͣ˵һĪĿ顣
ЭҲǳŵĿάֵĴҰӣͽת״ÿ䵽ϣе˵ĹӰ쵽ʱ򣬴ҰӣȻѹĴҲɣһз紵ݶͽŵĴһʲô©³⡣
˾ԵЩиˡ˵տʼе˵ǵĻʱƣҲ˿˶ڵĵ˸޷ͻˮľͿء󷽵Ľ׵粻ʱĹ֮£Ҳ֧˷ĲµĴҰӣҲɵ൱
ءֻǿȴԶ֣иҲеԾԾԣҪҪҲȥæ
ˡеŵ˵ǻǴԼȽϺã
ԵʣܴҿòǺֻ֪ˮľͿռƣӵа۵ϸڿǹ۲װף̶ֳȵս̻ԶȽϺá
ţ˵ʲôĲɵ˲ûϸϸĳĻԴչʵ
˾ٶѳŪΨΨŵŵĸ˵
Աߵǲ˹һˡ
Ⱝ£
ңʲôЩ޵˵˵ҪСӣ󻹲¡
󱿵Ը˾˿۾СӣƺûܵʲôţȻ˵Ҫ
Сߵ˲õԶӭȴڹ۲ԶսȮڣŮ־ˡ
ţҪҪһȥæ˿Ǻǿɱ仨ˮ
Ȯڣֱ˵ľܾҪҺͳ趼
Ů־˸ͷҲصش˴·磬ΪΪˮľʦͿʦǿǵʵڹȥΪĵȴԱϲߡ
ôûŵٿ˿۲ս̣˹ȥϵ̫Ѻõļһ򽻵⡣
ʱսͻȻһž޴Ļ򣬽ţҵıըһᣬž޴ĲĴڴʱҵҡòϰľҶǱ
ЩϰߵĴҰӣûյ̫Ӱ죬绹Ǽ
Һãսͨ񴬣ֶӵĻﻹ֧Ųס
ӳߵ˵
ôԶĻ⣬£ûƵУ˲𣬿òȥæˡ
Ҫ⡣
ȻսֻǸһѣ˱жܶࡣ
˽ŵĹ۲žƵʱͻȻ˵Сģ˹ˣٶȺܿ졭
û˵꣬һҵıըοɲͬڲ˵ҡΣֱϮͳƴıҲСӣܵš


248 ֮ͬ
ԵըನδɢһӰˮ֣ƺǾ֮Ĵͺǣ׵ʹȻУûбֳκβŻſ˴죬Ȼߴ˳Ϊ׵ĺ췢Ůӣ֮óĶҲŵˣ̿ʱҩʦĴκͳͭ
ǳˣ´˭ҪҲּһĶҾɱ
ΪԱյĳͭԶҲıԹӶνشҪȥʶһźõ飬Լȴҽڲ
Ǽûи˵ʵʧҪȻͲô鷳ˣ
Ҳ̱ʱ൱
ôҪʧˣ˿ɲǣ
ǣǺЦҪǼõĻ͵ˣõôۣǸӴɷˣǻһ̿Եʱ˴˽񣡡
Ҫ𣿡˰̵ĶҲŭİγѣΥĺǳܵ𣿡
ô᣿ε֪Ȥˣڡԣж죬ֻʱæѾ
˵ǣöҲʮѿȴҲ޷Ʒ
ֻҪͺãϣʵǿҪϺȡ
ϺȣǿɱȶǸֻƨļһǿˣο˿ζĽ罥ָȶǵֶγɹˣ
ȻͯѾȥˡҲȻشǿɲһ֪¶Ľ绹лɳ˵ġ
ǾͺãϣսپɣԶ̣ҪǷӦǿɾܲˡ
졣
֪ʱȵĶҲҧָȻѸٵĽӡܿ;޴ͨޡ֣ڶҲĵָ£ĳŽ繥

ͻıʣüװϵһæңڴҶûܵʲô˺ҪĽȻ˵ʣջûбСӣͳŬ֮£ǻָ
Ǿա
Ȼ״Ѿת˲٣˭ҲʱȥԶ˻᲻ήԼͷϡ
Ҫ𣿡ȮڣЩǵʵ
ֳ̻˼ۣͷ޷γһµ
ǵȴˮľʦ߿ʦɡ
ûͷĻΪսʵ̫ˡʵҲûи߼ߣѣҲͬߣĿûб¶尵ӳҪָľҶ̣δ
ڴҸµʱͻȻʾСģ˹ˡ
ͷͨ޺ܿӳצײ಻ϵ䵽Ļǽϣһ
ķͷǵĴҰӣеֹǣҿ֧Ųסˡ
ֶΣûмϧǣΪѧߵĴҰӣ޷Ӧֱʡ
ҰɣСӣǰͷĻᣬ˿ɲڴһûзӦʱ򣬾ϣѸٵҲ񱼶ȥ
̫çײˡḻġϽԸʮɣȥǸСӡľҶܿҪˡ
˽⡣Ҳûе飬æ˵ķ׷ȥ
ȺָӲʱͻȻϮ׳ӵʱ̡
ðܵͻȻеڸأܽˡСģˮ¡
ڴʱһֻŵɫļˮ棬ŴҰӣֱ
޴ļʸļХĻԲϮͼ֧һ
ˮݡˮޣһˮγױ˦ھ޴ļʸβȻûеסȴƫת˷
ľҶ̴ĿУʸСӣĲһƬӣɫ㷢Ȼ䴩Ĳձڣû봬֮У󴫳һ޴ı
þˣ亹ֱСӣӣתͷһƬǽ壬ҵͷƬ
ֱ䶨ηѵľҶǣżæļһ𣬷ڰĵˡ
ǰӳȽʱøʲô
׶ݡߡ
һƬ˸ĵ£źĲ˷ǰһˮ򶼱׵֡
״ˮµĵҲ޷ˣӰŵˮ棬ڿնȻɵڲԶļװϡ
û뵽ľҶ̲ڣﻹжµ尵ʵǿŹЦ˵ǵĿǲ岢ûκιϵֻҪϾߡ
ǿҲҴԲѵãҿǵǺηʥɣ


249 սپ
ԭڶˣȴεĿǰι״ͨޡֱ;޴ȴ˿Եóٶۣ򵥵˲ЩƻǿĴͷ˴ӰΧ֮ҲϺˣòһ裬ҲֻήƬ̣һڶĺ췢Ůӵָվ
ɶ񣬿Ӻͨ޾ûõģǸͨ޵Ů˲У
ȻԸеçײսǻ۲ǷȱˣԼĴϧǣʵϵĲԼӽԷеѡ
е㽹˿˿ǰæ̣Ҳֱ۾Ӹסˡ
ǵÿԼ
ûƵеķʱѸ̫ͨҲǺð취޴ʱ˵Ϊ繥İӡ
ѣ˲òٴμ˶Ӱ֮ɱﵣֻܼϣڶַˡ
Զͷ۵ĿŻ˫ĳʮɣСʹżԼȸߵ˫Уȴûжٳ֮СȻеɬǲòϣ¶ԷͲҲһǿǿĶ֡
˵Ҫ䣡
ﲻðͷĽο˿磬ƻԭӦսپǵڽ綼ûбͯǱҲ˳
Ҷ֣ҲȷʵöԸͨȫĽΣܳ䲻ĽĶ־סãõϢŤ䲱ӣ֪ǿһ֮¡
źǣǸǸ֣ȴɱ޴ķǡͣǽΣܽĻͲܹԼسˡ֮£Ҳͼͨ֫ƶֵСƶԷжϧ͹ĽΣ첲㱻жȻҲҴȡɵˡ
ѵ˵սңҪ𣿡
õԤӿͷԥĽζζʧȥ׼ȷȣԽԽ¶Ƶֻڳʮһһػ¹Ӳд
ɫ־ҲĽΣͭ״΢һ㣬ֻԼ̫Եı¶Ҫͼ֮þḻ̿ѵˮݡˮŶˮĻʩСɶˮȲóͭӽֲϵŶֵʵϵƣʹóͭҲˣһЩͶȡɵû취Ӯ¶ˡֻϣܹͬʤȻ󾡿Լ
Ӧ˵ĲϵسĶҲӸտʼĽѾ൱ˡȫŪ˵ʵȥٿֻŭĵһ䣬ħת˲ҳƷС
һ㷴ûأͷԼ򵥵ɵӡ
˼򵥵ͷԵĶҲĿŶõĶ֣ž׼ʹûšұ⡣ΣĹͷһִֻӶҲһѾץסŵӵ֡
ô׼˭ҴҸϵˮľžĶҲʵܲͣһ£ƺľҶĺ󱲶
ôôˣǱߵڻһûɣ
ûรˮľͷֱڣԶıըҲʱǱߵļӵıըļһҺͿһµΪԸǣֻҪһ˾㹻ˡ
ûκν֮ĵĶҲףԼʵȫǴ·磬Ҫѵϣ൱ã
¶ĵĶҲѸٵĿӡ
ǼӰ
ƢõĵˣŮˣˮľҲûκϧ˼һȭڶҲĸҵʹöҲ׼õķ޼աģʽµˮľһȭжأûʹȫҲһܹܵġҪǶҲ״ɫӡһ״̬ʣȻȥˡ
ôʵ𣿡
ɵļһб±͵Ϯ׼һ
ץסĶҲС
ɣ͵ϮΪһߣⲻ൱Ҫıôôûб£
ҪˮľŷˮöҲӡ״̬ȻһʿĶԾɵˣʿ飬ԼСģֲ˱ˡ
㵱ǶǸͷꣿִŹƽĻӵļ
ڶҲУˮľһȭϣҵ𵴣öҲֱ˹ȥ
Ӧòİɣƺеˡ
ĵˮľڶҲϣӡӡʱʽȻߣĲעڣӻн˳


250 ɨ
ŻеԺˣˮľԵĶҲӸ
ˣǷ²
ףˮľʦ˸սˡ
𷢴ˡһˮľĲֱϣը飬·ˮľ˵ǰȻ𷢴ˣŮ˸Ͻȥڻû£á
˵꣬ˮľ˿Զ̵ս
ӲҪæˡ
ж̬Ƶˮľתͷ˵һҲϽϡ

̰ӳ˵Ķʵֻ뻯ԱȣǰڡĳԱʵҪ߳ľҶһءӡ״̬£ҲпܻԿ
սļװֲ£ҲܹӵóǶйͯԶԸ֩ˡһǺ֩Լ֩˿йصʹõõĻӳЧ̶ܴϿĨƽϵơ
ں̰ӳ̸֮󣬹ͯԥʹӡһ״̬ʹһسؼ֩ͨٻһ˶֩룬Ȼ丹ڴҾȵУ֩˿С֩ӿ֩˿С֩趯֮£˶ܲϡ
ʲô̫ˡȮڣͳҪЩմϵ֩˿̺˿֮üΪͣͨѶ˺
˱ͬС죬ͯ֩˿ҲǺı仯üѱնϵ֩˿ҲΪṹƻһ
ͨȭСȷЩ޽֩˿ȭǶôĴרԲƻȭͯһ㣬ѸٵĽ֩˿жϡ
һָжȮڣϾͺͳϣǿļѸٵͯϮ
ͨת磬ǰת۾˫˫ײͯϣ޴Ĺֱӽװһ󶴣ܲĹͯҲײõ˼װĲҡ
һȮڣҲ˵һߵŵ˵ķӦ
ǲ˵Ĺ
䣬ҽǱȳȮڣͳϣǴ÷˶ء
鰡ŵ˵Ĺæ
˾ȵıУĹͯ˳
ֹôܴ㣿
Ҳأ˵ţͯתͷȮڣһЦϧûЧʧˡ
ô᣿ȮڣŹͯģûܵ˺
ԣЧġ
ϸ۲Ȯڣ֣ͯɫ죬һƬƬϸСĽƬ沿Ķ
𣿡ȮڣԼҲǷ쳣ҵճܹ֮ҵķҲǲˡ
ţͯ沿ƤһŽ״ȵγһ㱣ĤȻڿۿɼٶѸٵӲһµճɡ
ѹûյ˺
ڴһڸп˵Ѳʱ򣬹ͯЦݶȻϣȻһӰŵ｣̴˹ͯĸ
ǸˣҾĵϷ뻹ȽϺá
ͿһһǰҫˮľҲͶһûʲôˣ㽫ЩļһһбʣҲôӦԡ
Ӧùʴ˰ɣһȻѾһ²²Ӷ࣬ҲỨ̫๤򡣡
Ʒ˹ͯ裬ˮľת˵Ǹóƺ㻹ǣ
ˮľǰһȭؿڣȻһһģһӰз˳ǲܶҲ˵Ǿ˵ɡ
ˮľҽ˵Ĳȫӡ˵ԭ˵ǸͨӡߣҲУҴʧ绹ûб߻û¾óȻĽ˵أ޴
ɨսˮľǰ˿Ȯڣͳơ
û˵ҪϢûˡ
̰ӳǰ·²ˣȻ̾ˮľʦ˼򵥾ͽ˻ܡ
Щ˱Ƚϴ۸ߵĿв԰ΣҪȫӳʵҪһġ
Ҳеô
˵Цˡˮľ֣лľҶİ
ԭ⣬ȴԼվľҶס
ӳҲֺˮľһ¡
ÿڿ빲ˣô

ΧסĴ迴žӸ¸Լ־Ųأɫѿ˵û뵽ȻԳ
岻٣ͲҪһˣ裡
壿ʲôʱ費м˵
ô˵ˣΪãľҶ֮УŲ֮ƱҪ
겻˵ĿԽԽģʲôţĶݾԸңҲ̫Դ˰ɣ
־Ųûֱӷǽ⿪˲ס۵ı
ľҶ㣬Ͳ֪Щ꣬ﵽ׷˶󲻵漣


251 Σǽ
־Ų¶صдۣ辪ȵ˵ôҪȫˣô
Ųûлش⣬Ž⿪ֵķӡ¶˲̬Ҳ԰׵ĸ첲Ƕֻɺдۣĵģÿ˶
ֿ裬㻹лĻᣬаǻۣΪľҶɡ
ף趢Ѿս׼־Ųأԥľܾ˶Է׳ֻ֦ȥͷ˵ɡڻĻᣬƾҲʩĿ˵
˵꣬ӿͨ˲ͣɫơĿ߳ڴ¡
Ƣһ֣ѸٵĴһԼĴȻõĶԴ˵ϴεļƷ㶼ûд룬ô鷳£裬μƷҪٷһ
ԣֻҪܹɵǣҲ㴦á
ϸ˿Ųغ
˰յļһﻹû
˵ţͷ߾޴βһ˦ֱӱУʣµҲ׷׺ˣΧת۾ͱƻ
跴־Ųز˵һͲҪн֮ˣҿɲκοɳ֮㴹ߵǲ뿪ҶŲʣΪɢע
รȷ˵ţŹЦݻ˻ֵ֣һööűը｣־Ųؼͷк¡
壿־Ųüͷ·׷׶ܣȻͳĵ˾һ
նû𵽶ôڴ͸еĻҪ
վߵͷɵĿšͽ͵Ĺۼ׺ߣȴԹƣѸݶĹæҡ
ʱһӰͻأĳڴߡ
ˣе㲻ǲǸóˣ
ҩʦʱĽ
ҹѣ㣬ӳȽϺá
Ӧһ˵±Ƚ֣ȲҪɱҡԣ˵ңʲôʣ˼
ǰûӵʱ򣬴־ŲؾͶкΪʽҲ֪֮꣬Գֺõ飬Ųô֮һĬܹŲʲôô
Ҳʲô޴ֵĶˣ֮İɣ
ֵ죿
迴·ָ߲ƽ־Ųأԣȷʵһ쵼ĸɲţұʵҲķֹصʮԵĲԵӵ쾡£ֲĳĿӰǧϸǿԼƵдۣټսľ飬սԲڵĴ϶١
дۣ뵽⣬ͻȻһǲĲҰܺͶǲ̰ж־Ųضжϵġ
ǰǲ壬ɣŲصдۣʲôüĿ𣿡
źˣ±Ͼ˺ü꣬еѣе鱨˶Ѿ֪ˣҩʦһ½˵һؼǳĿɣ
ؼ
ûǾǱǲΪֵܵǲֹˮ޴ӵ飬ʬ嶼ҲҪ䡮˲ֹˮʵ쳹̽磬ҪǷˡ
ǲֹˮôͷ˼һĺ壬ǿô
񣿡Ȼҩʦʵѵ˵
ѹ־ܣ޽ĻСĵĻĻᱻһóѡ
ǲҪϽ뿪ҩʦԽĥĥ䲻Ǻ⣬ǿ֮ʵ̫ˣϢŤתһ˵־ʵǷ
ҡҡͷ˵Ҿ͸ӵҪŲϼһڴĻӰΣôĴץңѵбӵ䱦ô
һα񣬾һθı˵ɲΪյ־ŲػѺöʹһεĻô׵˷
Ļ齻Ҵɣʵ̫ΣˣֲռӲƴûбҪ
ҩʦĻζĿ˵ҿɲǵʲôʱҳϵزԱҲͦ
ˣҶԴĹҲϧ֮ҩʦָһѱϵ۾˵ңҿɲΪŲ˻öñ񡭡


252 ͻ
ôȤʱ˵ĳʵҺܲأҩʦЦûдǣ²ñŲҪʰҲǺѰɣѵ˵ʵѾǿز𣿡
ô᣿ҩʦεЦţ亹סôӺڻң֮Ѳѵġ
ôûнʣתͷѾŲغҲȤҪãŵʱöŭҵĺ
֪ˡû׷˼ҩʦҲһ
ʵ벻Ųص׷ʲôֵ˿أ
ҩʦЦŸ͵˵飬ôᱻŲط֣Ҳ飡
ľҶİûǿܹҵľĵزôȷʵ˵ԭô
ĴŲصĻͻȻһҲ˽⡢ӡ漣ǻۡףԭ˰
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˵ţĿˮľʵѵ˵ˮľʦҪߣ𣿡


258 
ô᣿ˮľ̾һοϾľҶûãӴ˺٣ˮľС򽻵ܶһ⣬ҲֻоٵĹ˿ܹ˵żĵľȸɹ״ߣʱڸͲܻΡ
žִٲˮľʵ㻹ʲôҪô
мԤĻҪ͵ָĵص㣿
ͻܶôΪֲ㣬ͻŵҵ񣬳ʵһһʱˮľҲףⲢСӪСҪӪֶΣŻŹ
࣬Ҳļңһûʲô˹˵ʱ͹ȥ˵ţƺڶˣѽôˣˡ
𼱣ˮľЦЦ˵ȥͻô죿ţ
šͷ㲻ڵʱҾͰŹͻܿģһͻˡ
ǻˡ￴ţùšȥæɡ
ˮľһҪʲô顣һΪΪܡ޼ֵСŮ˵򵥰οĻ𵽶ã飬ʹԼܹæ˵ܹһǲģǵûʲôôߡ
ŴҴҳŵˮľתڸŵλϣַ˷ոձѹڸ첲浱ͷ
ʹûӡšֹѪ˵ûʲô߲ܣʵҲ൱𣿡
ǰģӦСµģӦǾֱʰɡĴĻҪѵˡһߣҪľҶͲһ׵飬һϵܻ᲻Ծųߣ¸ҲΪҪ£ҪӵŬԼһ
и鷳飬ǾľҶнģԼԼľҶĵĻһԸ뷨͸ʵˡ
һ߷ֵ׵ϣһµˮ׼ˮľҲŵ׸ôСŮķչ
ʵеľҶ̲̫Զܹ̫ˡ
ɷϣǱӭͷҲüǲǲ࣬һЩԵĶʵֲ̫ˣ޷ȡɡСûյϵͳ߽ڲ̴壬ΪߵҲֻǱ׸츳м޵ģûʵĸһжǾлˮ¡ѹյкУСŮʵһˡŻҲǳ׵׵Ұ·ӡ
ܲԺһѪƿɣҰľҶʲô壿
ͷŸôεʱһŲԶ߽ļꡣ
ôͻˣԣСӣ
ƺ֪ˮľûһ˿ԥСӣôߵˮľǰ
ˣˮľһСӣʵ𣿡
Сӣ֣صĵͷ˵ˮľʦָҡ
˵ţͷľϹˮľĻش
ʵ״ˮľҲеţñȵȴ𸴵ĴҰӣƽ٣Ϊ˵һ⣬²ĵִ˵û뵽Լǰ
ˮľһɻ˺þõ⣺ѧʲô
Լ˵
ô
ˮľɵ̾СŮ
ݹ۴ҰӣľСܵ۸ɽоҰѧУҵˣдʦľ֧ʵǿǲڻûˮľӰ죬ǲȻӣԴ״ΪֻܼϣˣȻ󣬴ԼΪʸ־Ŀꡣ
ҰӣʵʵǾ̽ɵԵĲˣûаݸΪʦ֮ǰڸ൱һˮľĸԤʵ˲ٵĴҰӣȻвСĲࡣľǵϢһ˴֣СӣΪĸд൱̡
ѧҵһ
Ҳ֪Сӣҡҡͷ˵ֻҪ˴ܵʱܹǽѵһپˡ
ƿôССŮ˼
ԭеСӣѧϰ˸ֵġ֮¶صıԸ񡣵ˮľ˭ѧ˶ԵñͨӴˮľСӣֶβô⣬֮˺Ӱ֮ԽԽµĻʯ
ðɣͬˡȻûʲô⣬ˮľҲͲٶˣȥǸ췢Ů
۵ԶԶľ͸оˮľں̸ǻⲻҽ
иͬ˶ཻ˵һɣ


259 ƫ
Ҫ̴ҰӣʲôˮľҲǹܶ࣬ʩ̲õķ
ȱˮľƫΪˮĴҰӣǳ٣Ͳּ֧ΪĲˮľڵϢǿֲһ㣬Ҫֳܹ׷ǲ˵ĳ̶ȣ̫СˣǽԱ仯о͸ȻںϳѪ޽ľݣȻĻûʲôϣˡϧûгֹ淽õľݣֲϸֿܣ˰ɣʵֶڵϣˮľҲͺʹûʲôˡ
ڿǹҲųΪѵĿҪΪ̫ˡԭмʹˡСӣҲóɰ֮Ыûа취һȭƵеֶΣȴʹ򲻵ˣǧİ²ǿӮ˵ף̫Ϊֵĵӣҽѧú㣬ĲôҲǸֵĽ̵أǸĿСӣ츳ĲôˮľҲʲôˣûʲô̫ļɿԽ̵ֻܶѵʵһ㡣
ԣСӣзչǰ;ĻǻϽͷӡսԲֻǣˮľеԥҰӣһ͵ҽߣһس͵Ļߣתʵ˷ҽĲܡһȫûߣˮľһֱᳫķǳͷԺĿͨƽߣûѪ޽ͼΪʵƸߵʱ򣬲ƽӹ߳ΪһƫСߣͱȫ淢չĵ·
ҽ鷳û˸ֵָֻͨԼҩѧϵ裬ԼһЩȽЧҽˡͷʼ̫鷳Ҫ߽ݾˣôھҪʼоô
ʵףȻ˵ӣˮľžƾͬʱҲһĻᣬѧ೤ʵҲһ¡
ˮľĿǰɱﵡģʽˮľҪϸ롣ɽկ汾ģʽʲʺϴҰӣˮľҲ׼ǵһ¿紺Ұӣܹʹģʽβ޵һ˫ȭͷҲȹˣٿȻ˵ȡӵĿ񱩡
ϵĿ֮⣬һˮľҲҪúÿǣûѡ֣ˮľΪʦСӣһʼһɱǾʪֵͨޡ̽ΪӴûĿʵԸֺСӣϱӡĲҲͨ˵ȫ塣
ڣһжСӣ޹أṩĴΧơ䣬ռ䴫ͻֱӵֶ֧ڡôʲôֲһʧôˮĸˮľԼòסȻѣܰܶ鷳ɹΣյĳɳ׶Ρ

һʱ䣬ˮľҲû̫ĸı䣬Ұӣ棬ˮľӰ֮ԼɿƲļɣˮľͷСӣ˵ܷسˮľҲ뿴ͻ˲ƵƿСӣʲô̶ȡܹסӰعļ;ĳ˵ܹ漣ˮľԴ൱ڴ
֮⣬һ߼ҽϸ֮ɲһĴ·ĸѶҽˮľֻǿʹöѣѶȵΡ鷳ǣϰز൱ңĸ߼ҽߣ߳㣬ҪмΪḻľСֻľҶҽϵߴ壬ܹó˲šҽԺԱڶ࣬ȻһصĸǴһֺγЩҽϰʵزģ
ԣҰӣ˰ݸΪʦȻҲʧȥЩԴˮľܹṩȻԶԶȲһӵ֧֡ȻˣˮľҲҪΪ֮СӣҪˮľҲŽ
ϸ֮һ൱ҽBȼ˵ⲻһյѧϰѶԵͲҪǸݾϸĲ֪ҵߵĲкĲλпкȡһʩߵĲϸżߵҪ󣬷Ļ׾˲ɣ˵ߡϸ֮ƾ󲿷ֶ˺ʱΪЧ൱ѵõһͨҽⶾ
Ϊ˵õֻľҶСΧˮľṩ˲ٵȫҩΪŻر˵ϹܵĻֵˮľ󶯸ɸ꣬ˮľΪصģʵһҪáֲ


260 
ЩƾǿʵʣٱȻ·򵥵ӮҾͲˡˮľĿǰΨһҵĺֲصֻϸ֮ˮľҪֲʲôдۡʲôģĿǰû㡣
ˮľѾ˼õֻ뵽һܣǾȫҩԣǲǿ뱸ĳЩҪ٣Ϊ巢ĳЩתʱһܹظԭĻᡣ
һСŮĿǰСӣദûǢ֪ܹжϱ˵׵ľͺСӣʶˣȻенҲõĿˡ̵棬ˮľƶһЩƻǱϾԼæСҲ޾ϸæΪͬ˵Сӣ˵ܹ費ٵİڽΣҪԼˡ
ˮľҲû̫ġһ˶ܹƽĻڣ֪ôΪԼıȡô¶ģˮľɲΪľôαװҲõ¯ôҰӣĺøУӦǲѵġ

ɽСľУˮľԼɽկϯض˵Ľ̸ɫԽѿ
ûãص̶ȣСȻΣ
ڲ˵ʱѾûлͷ·ˡңⲻԤôˮľ˵
Ǵķ˵ˮľܷģʽ
ٶҲ̫ˣҲˣû˵ԣԼзû뵽ֽԼ⡣
һӦˡΪԽߵңȻɢԭˮľ꣬ԭĺۼûʧΪںԭˮľġҡȻ˸ǿľҲһϵеĺôҲԣɢӰĵֿ̫ټԼԸˣ˼ıƶϣͬʱҲζԼ־ױŤ
ģʽҪӴĲӲָȷʵ޵ķʸˣ뾫ȻٵҲпʵµģܹǲռݼơ
ˮľϢƹ˲ϵƣ뾫ڵ㣬ȴûôôˡ
ıʣΪһεСı䣬˵ףԼǿɽկεܽ
⣬Ҳ˺ܶ࣬ڶ޷жϣЩģŤ־µ塣ˮľ弫Ϊͷʹ˵ԼŲĵùϹƲˡ
ӲȻľҪɥʧҵĳЩڵĴˡ
ô죿Ǳʹ࣡
ôʹࣿǰɣ֪Ͳˡ
ˮľεĿһɽկȻԼ²ԼҲǲǸóԲ
šķʵеģ
ʲô취
ʲɽկɫ˵־Ȼǲݵսʼˣ;Իһ¶޳ʱʤĻἸΪ㡣ôȻսûǹ¾սĵԴԴ޵Ĳ䣬ҡȴֻܶһӦԣУҪ֡
ɽկĻˮľɫһ˼֮ʵ˼Ҫǰƻ𣿡
ǵģһҡǾ޷ֿԴԴϵѹģġҡγɺĻ϶Ҫõö࣬ңҲǺѡҵļ־ԿȻʴܳƵǡԵȵս
ˮľ˼Ŀ٩٩̸ɽկ佨鲻ÿɷ񣬳ʱĬ
֮󣬱忪˵־ͬ⣬ڲûг׽һӣ֪ζʲô𣿡
ߡ
ˮľƵ˵һеΪҪ˺ңڶ˳ɰ֮Ы͵ϴΪҪȻźһܹǿ˵Լڣ׵ĽԼ˼ά֪ζʲôġҡļһ˿ƣ֪жôΣ𣿡
֪ʶ˼ǿ䲻õļˮľԼ˿ôôʱ䣬ˮľɽկ֮䶼˷磬µĿ΢΢
ûеɽկ⣬ˮľ˵ϵ۲ֹʹбѵĶħ
صĻʱɽկӦԣɬ˵ڵġǡһ壬һ⿪ɵ־ŷɣܾղˣ취ǡпܻ


261 
̽ĻΪ⣬ڲӰ֮£̬ʺ׷仯ˮľĵβϱֵúԣΪʮβǱ˷ӡϣʵĲһΪţΪŴβޡǧʱȥˣĸβ˵ҪٴںϳʮβŴβ֮䱾ìݣ˵ἺΪˡʮβˡ
־ףӰΪЧֶΣʹΪ򵥣ˮľ˲ƽ㲻ȱݵ覴֮ʵԸǴߡ
ǣĿӰǧŵǼ䲻ͬһͷ֮˲ͬľ飬Ӱֻ֮֮ҪŹƣ׶ΣͿԼ̳Ӱļ;顣һ㣬Գٶȣ˷Բʱ仯｣
ǣҲΰҲΡ־ͬʹÿһֻǱʹʱĸƷжӰʵܱƣֻƾʼļ䣬ǿάűͷǡһˡ֪ʹΪ֮ӵˣʹӰʱҲһ̶ϱ¶⡣һʵսУӰΧľľͺúõ㣬ֱӱ˵ģð˵Ӱ״£˵ıӰ޷ֱˣͳһɱľ̵
Ȼʦ͵֮дУֻһС⡣ˮľϣɾһ˵Ĵ©ˡ˵ӰŲʱƣڵʱޣûܵκιӰ죬򼸷ӣʮӣǼΪҲܴڳһ졣˱Ӱ֮ìܻԣΣҲǺܴ
ˮľɽկΪӡϢĹͬãܹʱʵ̫ˡͬļ˼άʽ̫಻ͬľ֮ߵֻ֪ԽԽ󣬳ͬȻìܡΪʲôɽկڲսѾôҪ£ˮľȻֶڵļ뽻䣿Ϊ˷ֹķȻֻǷδȻɽկȥ壬ֻͨӰ־ջҪʧġ
һˮľɽկҪ飬ɾͲôˡҪۼԼļ־ԿȻʴȵһ־Сɽկһ˶㲻ϣ̸־ֻһ߱Ӱռĸ塣ͺʹ˼֮غռݵҰƣֻʱǳǳĳˣҲҰһ־ѹֿܹ֮ơ
ìܣˮľкܶӿԽͽʱ䶼ˮľϵھ̽ΪҵһʵķǰһЩ漰ڽ̵ķ࣬Ӽ¼ϿżΪϿľҪ󣬶ҰȫҲܱ֤ȽϿɿķǴֳ̽ɵο
Ƚܹ۵ģȾֻֻۿƵĺڰԶ봫ֶΣһ̶Ҫ󡣲ܿϧˮľЩɽկʱְȫȡֻۣԼҲûʲô裬ʱĲ
һǷİ׾ˡ֪İ׾Ŀǰֿܣ¶ħȻԴһǺĶ࣬ĿӰϸԼʮβ
ˮľȻòа׾ʬϸغ׵ķҲԿһˡΪˮľоĿ;ɹֻһ֮ңʱǰȥðոʲô֮ΣϷʵֵ̫õġ

ʱ룬ǲҪִ֡޹ˮľɽկ˵Ҳ֪ǳʲô飬ǣһǾãǰȷʵĸܡ
ˮľĻʱڳոӵĳţеգ˴
ڻң
ɽկ˸Īâű۾һһٵʵ
Ӧûǵõһɽկôİɣûлش⣬ˮľͻȻʵ
֪룬ɽկ򣬡˼ǡ
ˮľڰ֣϶Ļǵļ䶼ͬС죬˼άʽҲһޣô̵ʱӦò̫ķŶԣǺȻⷢˣҪ
ɽկЦһ˵ƨɾԴ£ȻⰡ֪ǵͿʼˡ


262 Ʒ
һɽկȥɼʱףԼʹҪˣӲգ޿ʱԱ赲ޡ
ˮľ̾һ˵յʹ࣬Ĺ¼ŸУжԶսźը󶼴ҵԺ
ˮľָ˵Լ̫ѨȻָɽկȻЩоҲ֪ˡ
û֪
һǺȻ顣˵ļֻŲһµʱ䡣
صһ룬ֻӼĲЩ޹ؽҪСʱҲֻС⣬죬ҡͻһЩ뷨һ£ԡҡϰߣȻ˼ҡ˭ȥʲôȵֺ޴𰸣ֵòκν۵ѧ⡭
֮䣬ʵܡɽկƺҲԼĴΪһڷʽͶλеģĴԽߣҡҲЩ⡣һݵķңֻҪʱˣҲȻ˼Щ⡣
Ĵʲôˮľʵ
ûд𰸣ô
ţҲ˵ôڵǣ޷ƭ
Ǹ鷳ˡɽկȻ˵ʹûҪͱΪѣǻǲ֪о͵óڷڱĽۡ
ˮľҡҡͷ˵ʵһжйƲ⣬翴Ʒƽ˾ʵǿĴʵѺá
ɽկͷ˵ڶ²ҲӦˣӰǸ壬ԶĿǧ佫ɶȲߣʹ÷飬УսеļȼôߣΪ
˵ʵǡǧҲ鷳д߽ݾӰβϵΣյĵ·ԽԽԶˣܲҾҡ
ɽկҡҡͷҪԷƱǧ£ǲһɲֻ֪ۺͰ׾ֶǱƣĿǰķûдֲֻȱݵķûưˡ
Ҫˡ˵ţˮľվߵɽկߣ͵ֹΪֹɣͷ⣬඼֪ˣʼͬɡ

Ϧбˮľڻش·ϣһЩɽկе⣬Ҫ飬ǰ׾
ͷԶ뼸ϰľǿ󵽼޵Ϊˮľʵ̫ˣҩ֮£ų׾ЩĿƺ͸šǣˮľһֱûиһ磬ôܵˮĸҲˣҪ֪˶ˣٱϣľع龻
һɻ󲻽ľǣȻԼ׾ͷ֮Ĺϵ㲻óȻʹãʵ˷Ĳ¡
ţͻȻиסԼ
ˮľʲô
عˮľһѾľҶſڣţ
ˮľкģǸ³ߡ
ǼǣɲҪ鷳ˣ֮ǰִҹ㡣
ңˮľɻʵ컹ҵļڰɣû˵ʲôҪҪ
ǾͲ֪ˡ飬֮ʹ߹ˡ
ǵĹϵǺܲôôʱʹ߹
˭֪˵ǿǽѣûٰɣֲûɹ
ȷʵһӰǸƢ֮ʵдա

ľҶ칫¥ˮľպúƤڵİײͷϵĻӦþˣˮľһʶ
ûЩˣˮľֱӰ칫ǰȻš

ˮľ˽ȥֳ˸ֺ;һŨü۵ؿ
ӴˮľþòѵһﻹĴ˸к
ˮľҲͷӦ
áֶؿˮľ˵мҪҪ֪ͨľҶ룬ҪμӼ֮̿ԡ
壿̿ԣʲôϵӵĹϵ֮ɰҲǿ˶٣ǰ̽սľҶսǿ̴֮ѪҹҲ˵꣬˿̿ĵģ԰۵죬°Ľղɱ
ӦǰʾġִȻѣѸٵĺɰָԼֺˣĹϵҲƣǵĶ̫󣬿ǸҰĲĴĿӰов


263 
̽ôʵĽ㣬ûѹһеʵʱ򣬱ƽǷǳҪ顣Ϊϴⱻܻ񣬵µһЩб仯ʹľҶɰжʵ֣ƵĽһֱִߵܵвǺĽߣԴ̽ƽ⣬мڴˣԲʱų⣬ʵľҶѷһ廹ûǿǰ̽սһ㣬һ֮ս̽硣
ˮľЩ̴֮ݺûʲôȤȻûˮľԽԭеôչģǸݼǺľҶ޽ԼģǲôٵеʱˣͲǺˣһԿ϶ԭУûľҶƽ¡ֻǣΪˮľжɵЩ޵ı仯շչϯ̽ķı䣬ˮľһЩǵġ
δѾԽԽԤˡ
֪ˣҪЩʲôؿɻʵѵ˵йأ
ܹΪ̣ؿȻô³Ҳϸ˼һ¾ͷԼˮľ˵Ĺ֮ͬ
ֵ԰֮Ѿһˣǰֳ˺ܴ鷳ϣһδҪһ㡣еڼ棬򻨻мӻҪͷ¶ҪԱҪע㣬ˮľ
֣صĶˮľԸȻ丸״һܹ̳мҵǣڱϾڼҳŮҪûİۣõͻƿڣһʱ䣬Ҫע⣬Ҫòļһпɳ֮
֪ˡˮľͷʾס
ţֶؿ˵εĸףΪԵʶ뷨ҪעⱣΣҪֹʲô嶯顣Ȼ壬ҲҪǳҪ鷳
ס
ε̴֮䣬һСͻᷢչɼҵĳͻ΢ŽǸֵ뷨ȻˮľеС׽ĸСҲǲ⡣
齻ϣֽ˵˴̰ûз仯ôȻμһ̿ԣش󣬽̵Ҫи߰͵ʮǻҪ鷳ҪҲ¹ѾΪ̣ѾΪ̿Եĸ֮һȱϯ߰͵ʮ඼ҪԱܲμӿԣѡûãĥ˵⣬ԽԤϡ̿ľҶı֣Ϳ̵ıˡ
˽⣬ǰɡؿظ֤
ȥɣˮľлҪ㡭
ûʲôµظ뿪󣬸ʵҲӴһʱˣоô
ˮľЦЦ˵ִ˺;СҲ֪ò˰ɣ֪ķ
ʵԣ
ʵȴѧУձҵ̻Ҫһ㣬ǴĲ磡
ֻôʲôرҪ˵𣿡ֲ඼֪ˣҪ⡣
ڵʵֵһᣬǱȷʵ൱㣬ͷҲΪ˴Ҳ൱ڷԼƺسܻľҶȷʵ򵥡
ܹڴ۸ӵΣջѵǿò˵һ൱
Ǳܸôʲôرķֶ֣һƺܸȤ
ȾʣΪкˣȻȻ˲٣ѾԶԶһߵķˣңͨɣΪƵʵ̫ˡ޿Ļܹڵ̣ظִҲ
ֵͷʾ֪ˡ
˻ָһز¶صǣĸ֪Ϊˡˮľ˵ڣһû̽СŮ֪ļޣܱʹýͨ޸ĸ֪ΧҪ󡭡
˴Χĸ֪ûиɣֻаܹᲢˡ
ǸֲˮľĻһʵ̫ˡ֪Χ̶ȵˣ츳ֲ
һʵ֤ʵִ˿ȥԡˮľΪ϶˵ҲˣԲľϸ֪һ㣬ҲΪҹƳ˲ܿں;ĲʵϱȰۻҪǿ󡣡
ôҲ츳ˣ˵ǱҲ˵ùȥƺϿˮľĻƺʹҰӣһɣദĲǲģҪһרְĽʦúòΡ


264 ɻ
̸һʼ־ʹҪ˲һ츳װ˷ѣˮľҲȻ˳ˮ͸¶ϢȥˣҲǳҪ¶鱨
˵ôõĻѾ֣ߵշҲǰõˣԣֶ߼໤ȨˮľҲ̫ʧ͵һͶˣпеʱ˳ְһѣҲǺ鷳
ôִĽʦһ
ûݱٰɣӢʦ̵һѧĻ֪ʶѡ
ͣҲٴȥѧУлˣ츳Ѿһʱˡǻݱٿɿһ㣬˶̵ջӦҲŶԡ
УݱʲôҪæĿҡˮľ˵ԣִ˿ɷһԢס̵Ϣңƺ̫ʣһʽסȽϺá
ҪͬУûʲôȫеϾ棬ô붼ܡ
һᾡ찲šתͷʵпõķӿ԰ô
СΪѵشסв٣ǶʲôĵطһСŮס˷ġ
һ㲻̫ģСѲڻ¡
ˮľǲ̫һ㣬ڻ͵ľҶ壬İȫܹ֤ġ
ɡһ찲źã
ǡӦ
˵ڶ¡⣬ֽ˵ǰܻļ²ҲṩһЩмֵ鱨ЩҲ˵ǱӵļҲϮľҶҪΪڵϵǸӡ˽٣
ʹʩϴ춹ǲϵĶͬһֻ࣬ɶȲһѣʵͬС졣
Ƕ֪ˣ鱨ô
ˮľҡҡͷ˵鱨ȻĻеֻܿʵ֤ˡ
ⲻܡֶȻܾӶⷽоΪų⣬ѹ̫󣬸ͲܹⷽоһǺʹйصĶĴ˼ɡ
ˮľҲ֪һҲʱ䣬ˮľҲһЩӡоҲȫջֻǣοԼϱӡǲӡ֮ĲоĽҲһЩӡʵڲֹۣûǱƵӡ֮󣬱ٶ̫ˣɿƣ󲿷ֱеһûģѾȫֲҲʹˮľˣ趼о˶ĳɹԼ̶̵ļ¾ܸƵóġ
ˮľĬϲøֲ⣺ֹЩԭӡоһֱǽɣǰ֮ӡҲʱʹã߸߲ʵ̫ˣϾÿ˶뱻ӡ
סˮľҲûҪͬʲô˽ҪĻˮľԼо
ͺãֻʣӡΣжǲܹϴ춹ѹӡô
־ȻҲ⣬ˮľЦЦ˵Ҳ֪ԺС
ʹ˷֣Ҳô
裿ˮľʶܷʲôԼ֪ıʣȻӰ첻ɣҪԼ
һ仰ǲ˵ʵŭͳ޻һǲ˵Ϊȷ޲ֹǿĶһʵʵڵÿһıΪд۽Ķʳһ棬ľĲȣֻаӡӡƣǽӡװӡȻĻʵ֡
ķӡˮ׼ҲΪôеεʵ
ά״õİ취ˡֻܵǿûʲôתˡ
ҲֻˡľҶʱ壬ǧѾɢû뵽ǲҲ᧿Σˡһ겻ͱӡ
ڻ¡п񳯣ˮľƽӵܿûʲôͬܵĸоʦͽȨһ
һ£һSҪȥɣ
SҲŸջɣ
Sںƽʱڣʵ̫ټˡ
Ҳûа취飬ܹߣľҶûжˣؿͿ񣬰˹ֻ߲ʵܳɫʺ񡣡
ðɡˮľҲֻϣỨ̫ʱ䣬һ
βߡִ壬̽βǷԱ䵥ʵ̫Σˡ⣬㲻òץж۳ɰܣӾС


265 ڷ絲
ϸףЩȷʵ²졣
ûʲôˡֻǲڵȼҪôǰ˵죿
SˮľҲֹһˡ֮ΣյСӶս϶ΪSҲʡɰ͵ϴն׵SҲʡǳʹˮ֮ˮľڵβʵͲðΪS
ˮľԭ뷨ʹˮľͿѹõ߰͵ڰ˰ˢһˢĻһˮľͰθΪSˡߵȼֻռø߼ߵԴֱɷĸ߼񣬻ӴӵĿԵòʧ
AִߣֻҪߣ尵ҲֿƵĻս˵Ͳ̫ĳͻɶȣֻȡִߵκսҪʵ൱ɣشΣյĿԺܵ͡
Ȼˮľһˣʵ˷ѽ⡣
ˮľ⣬εش
Ϊ̾ӢʱҲôҵģ㻹ǵһ
̾һ˵
ľҶĽ֪飬ԭ׽£ø̺Ĺײϲߡҵĳͻ̽л͵ļҲͲˡ廹߹ģ֮⣬ӵ߹ģԽԽСˣĺƽߣʹøľ¿֧ľҶڵߴ嶼òִоߣżгͻҲǻǮӶǲˡ֯Ļᡣңʵ˥ĸ̴壬ֱӹʱ򣬾͸ӵԳܡҺãľҶⲿԾؿǣǲò񷢷ŵѶȣʵΣؼǱ¼ߵİȫǸʱɳ
˵úϸˮľ˲ԭί
ˣִ˵ĿǺе
򵥵˵ĺΣգʲôʲôȼҲ˲ˣ˵ͯӾ󣬵ھûǸҪˣ߼һ㣬֧ǿиɵĴӣ̾ͲòѸĹԭر̡̾ͿӦ
˽ͺã֧һʱ䣬Ȼͺˣʱվһߡ

ε񣬶ˮľ˵ѶȲǺܴ鷳ǰ鱨׼һ˵ӻɵĲܹ尵֮ǰβһѾˮľΪˡҪҵߵ׼ȷλãܻҪһҲʹˮľ̫ĳʱԣˮľɲĿռͷǳˣһ뿪ִˮľԽһΡ״ο˳Ķ˵ߣ˵һ˽µĺûᣡ
ˮľƽ͵ĻصҵʱСѾ׼ˣˮľһԷ
ôôСӹˮľ׹Һá
ȥһ¸ִˣ񡭡
鷳𣿡
ˮľҡҡͷ˵񲻸ӣȲ̫ѣҲôʱͿԻ
ǾͺáСҲһˮľÿβһ˵Ļܵˮ֮ôԶһ²ܻ鷳
Ҫϴ裬ȳԷ
⣬ˮľֲõ롣
ôˣСɻĿˮľˮľĻش
ȳԷɡ
ԴӽСĻƺǰ˲٣ڳԷʱϲһЩȤ˵ˮľҪ˵Ļˮľ˵ȥֻС˵飬඼Լеϵͱˮľǲõƺ˻͵ļΪӾСϢ
Ϊˣ˵ųУΪߣ̿ԵʱҲ˲ٷͷŶˣھ˵Ҫ̡֮һҲΪӣôҸеΪȡ
´úܹ𣿡
ˮľֵʵ£˵ӦֵǷŶԣȻʲôܣҲԲ̫㣬״ƺڿơ
඼֪˰ɡܶ˶˵˼ء
𣿡ľҶ˵̬˺ܴĸĹۣĽ뼵ʿܲ٣ǲǰֵôԡʱ˵ΪϿɡҲпҲ͸ֿĽɣ
˵СһǱ߾ҪˣܲڣʱȥʲôҪľȥæǺڻеǺȽϤˣȽϺ˵
ߣȥģЩദСɵĺӵ뿪Ҳе᲻á


266 
ִ˻ᰲźõġˮľο˵ֲ뿪˾ͲȻǻһԱֻԺҪٰŵˡ
ǾͺáСһ˵ǲǸִаˣ
šˮľͷӢʦݱٻĻ̵ҺϾ̫æˡѾ͸ִ˵ˣҲڣһ£Ͼϵļ໤񣬻ϡ
ԡ
˵Сôģһż
ϲСӲôͬս¶СˮľȽ˵ľҶͲˣͬҲӦõġ
ϲӵĻԼһͺˣŮӣʡģôõʦŴһȺܺӾͷۡ
ǲģԺͷ۵£ҪŮˣԺҪӦȺܺӣ
ףС˵ĺе
ԭԴǵСԽԽ˵ˡ˵֮ụӰ죬ѵӰľȻƶ
УˮľЩӣӣڼ滹Ķ࣬Դӵ̣ǰҪæˡ
Ҿȥ͸ִ˿һ¡

ͣˮľվͷŽѧе飬˵
ǵʱϽܺá
ˮľе齻Ů־ˡ
мҪ˵Ǹ죬ûʱˣ
ôô죿ļȮڣʵ
üѡ˼ʵ񣬰ҲڵļɡȻҺܿǣ൱ģԲҪʧ
ԭͺá
Ȯڣܵúܿ죬ﵹе㵣ġ
ֻŮ־侲˵Ǽ򵥵ļҲû⡣
ܺãҶͬˣǾô졣־˽⼸жĶӳ𣿡
ʣˮľʦȮڣʵΪʲôӳ
ǵغܶ࣬ҿԸŵҪܹ־۾µĿĻҾ㵱һζӳԣô
ףòƺȤ
Ů־ָ˶ϵ۾˵Ѷ𣿡
ˮľڰЦ˵С¾ͲҪˣ𣿡
ˮľʦȵȡŮ־˽סתߵˮľҸתġ
ˮľӹŮ־˵ݹľᣬĦһʵͨԼ
־˵ͷȷϡ
ǼͬôҲá
ˮľŮͨԼᣬѸٵĿ˼ۣݲӣͨԼͬС죬ֻݺˮľевСĲ졣
֮󣬺ϾᣬˮľݻŮ־ˡ
⣬־ˣŮԼȻƽͨԼ
ȷʵˡ߼ӵܵȻˮľ˵˼Ӱ𣿡
ˮľ֮Ӱ컹еģǲûа취Ҫ롭
ˣ鷳ˮľʦˡ
ÿĴʦְڡˮľžϹлŮ־˵

ڻ֮ïܵɭ棬ˮľ鱨ʾβλȥ
˴һû뵽Ůͨ޳ӣȻҲô鷳
ԭˮľӡУŮĲٳʦֶΣȻԼռݾԵˮľͨˮĸһͨ޵жȫ֮ˮľ֮֡
û뵽Ů־˼ȴԼĻΪͨȺȻǻ۵ģǼ־ǻۻӵϺնǻԼ壬ȷʵǻˮĸ޷ŮĲٳˮľһշģͨĿյӵжϺͨϢȺֶһ
ĻŮ־Ҫѧϰˮľսʽͨ޵ܴˮľҪӡķһ²̸ܽˮľԲˮĸηľȴָͨȮȥҲҲҪ־˺ʱսˡĻ浱ȻôϸսıԻӰŮ־˼ʹúͷչ

һصĵ»أҩʦе鱨Ȼǰгдۣ¶˼ɫһᣬͻȻԳ۲Ҫ࡭
ݹ̽ʷдĺܶ࣬ǳǲˣûֲ߰׾ϸܹܺõļд۵ģֻһľûʲôֹѪֶεǲд۵ķǲȻ֮٣ֻһԽͣûг߰׾ϸѹƽ⣬ͨ߸ͳܲ


267 ǰ
ʵǿĶǿߴԲĲݳ뻯˵еţǻĳЩ绻·õģľ˵ݣֱиľһֻ۾
ϧڵҩʦ˵ԶԶûдﵽܹǲǲֵܶѹƵĳ̶ȣǿʵܺܺõһдۡ
ҩʦûκαѴ˼ͬҩʦûЩäĿĳݺ͸жһ̶ϵη壬УǶԴĿҰĵͬԼ𾴣ҩʦΪôһ£ŵжҲֻ׷ĽŲˣԲǶԴıѡ
ǲѰ˵İˣԼҲû̫Դʱƶоֱӿȣʱ䲻ˣ󣬴˻ǲдۣԼûʲôˡ
ҩʦԼĶλǳֻ֪֮ǴһõĹ߰ˣɥʧüֵ֮ԼĴͲ̫ˡҪʲô˼ءȻҩʦУûǲܹѴĵ뷨˵ɴ裬ֻĵҲûгֹ
˿ոշµ鱨ҩʦע⣬ΪԼδҪڴеĵλ䵽Щһһ³ʵЭҲǺбҪġ
ӡͷ֮θڻǴ󰡣ǰ͸Ҫֻʲô׵Ľأ
ԴľҶĽ󲿷ֶԶĿӰŲĿʵҩʦеĵƾԲ١תҲˣΥ׵Բ˴Ū߲ʲôʱġ֮ʹߵҪ̫ˣûʱռ츳ͷӡ͸鷳ˣģ³һŵӲѣҪŪ֮ӡ͵֮ӡָ߼ż̫ˡ
úԼòϵĽõĶҩʦûһѹֻǻʲôҪúõĺϼһˡ

һ׵ľù֮ڣˮľпŴ̨·ļУС򣬾ǽˮľŵĵطټβҲѾдˡҵ߲ѣڲδѾױ¶£߲ûпټΪһӵзḻǱӾ˵ҲĲˣϧǵ͹ԼΪҪԡ
ҲǽС֮ǰˮľѾһʱ䡣ڻĽҰʱж㾯ֻˮľǰһж֮ϢȻĳΪ۴ĲʹģʽǸ֮һκҲ൱ǿܹЧϢˮľԿ֪ߣһä㣬ߵʵȻȫӵĻˮľҲ˵ӮԼ״̬е㲻ȶʺȫӣڸ֪ϣ߾ͲԶˡ
С֮ƺʱͣ˼ΪߣҲ已̥ԺһٲˣеĿҲԲ⣬һҪǮû˾ԴҲҪҶӡȻҲû߾ʹ˸ǿĹǱϾֻ󲿷ֻԹӶʽԾ̽磬ͽ˾̵ѡոͷȡͣһ챻ոǴ󲿷̵³
βߣҲСȡһЩԴˮľҲûйֿ߽ʶ˼ĿǰУΪ𾴵ʦԼӶǱ룬򽻵ֻòʧգˮľҲֻѡһߵסһξСùסڰĻһβ޲ѡ¶޵ĶҲûʲô˼񣬶ˮľ˵ѹûҪ鷳֪ߵʵ³ˮľֻҪװģӣ尵ߴһܣˮľͿԻȥˡ
ֻǳڽĿǣˮľҲ뿴ߵ׺ͼе٣ȷҲǺõġһںϣǼϮļһˮľҲû̫ģˮľΨһǵģǼеľʵŲࡣͱǰںϣǼϮߣʵˮľû̫ģʱˮľĵģʵǿֵܳĴ¡
ˮľȷǲôһˣݡһѪ޽磬ʵ̫öԸˣ֮ﶼɽᾧ飬ӦԵķҲֻȫܲ롣ֲ缸ܹڱ껷£ݼֱ绢кı껯಻ĽᾧǿķҪơ


268 
ĵûзˮľϣ˹Ѫ޽绹ǲڵĺáԣˮľָ߶սȷϣеģٲҪȵʱֲˡ

Ѿļڣ̫ɽ֮Ҳ൱ˬϳȥߣ൱һ飬ˮľϵ׺ͻһб¶ݵҲϢڱΣȻһͨһһӵľͳȥйˡƺ˺ʱƺʲôףڱ仯֮ᣬǶʱ֡
ڳˮϣǵĻЦﴫУ͸¶޵ϲá
ǲĵطأ
͵ᣬǰҲٲμӣСƣӦѧϰ뿼ԣְĴͣĻᶼ٣޵ļļ䣬ҲĿʼģеĵƺ֮Уֳ԰ᣬǵһμʶ
ԽԽ˰
ҹĻ٣һ칤ǣҲʼѵõĻʱ⣬Ħ⣬ǰٶҲԽԽԭĽֵƺӵµļˡˮľֻýۻô˻ᣬúõĿ׵ôġ
ϰ壿ͦİһã
һⲻļ̣ˮľſеĻǰ̸
λҲһϰкî֮Ůãӻoܶϲ
ӻյǿ⣬ʮоŸзգǱӻʹͲľҹʲôϵ
î֮Ůףoô
λݲϰЦ˵̫鷳飬֪òǺǰʽĻУî֮ŮȷʵǳƫǴ󲿷ƽûôིģֻдݸ߹ĹŻʹϰףͨˣǷӻʵڣôϰ׾ô¡
ˮľҲû뵽ͬһ飬ݵԭȻһĽײѿ൱ءƽ壬ͨߣ׻вٲġ
î֮Ůߣһ
ϡ
ӹ㾫ļ棬ˮľϸĿ˿ĿǺʹͲľҹһޣ沿Ե͵ö࣬ˮľǰģࡣ
ͬˣͬӽǣî֮Ů˵ӡȻвСĲ죡
еӰ쵱ȻֵһᣬҲˮľ˸ѣЩ飬ԼеĿܴܲ
бŲŵˮľһҲûвΧΥ͸УֵСҲܶߣഺͲٳ˶磬΢е㲻֮ͬ⣬ûʲô˲ĿĵطȤĵطˮľҲͣפͣ಻СԣˮľҲ᳢һϧ󲿷ֶˮľĿζ
ʱˮľͻȻӦߵλҲԶˣǰƺȺۼļ
Ȼô
ȻˣȥһҲáˮľ˻ߵķסԼֻ¶һ˫۲۾
첽ǰˮľɫļǰ赲ȺΧ۶ǰˣˮľһʱ𾪵Ŀɿڴ
βȻҪŵˣΪǸβ޳
ˮľĹ۲УԼС˺üСӣǸ֢֮⣬ҲûëûʵǿĿˣҲ֪ıܿˣԼͨݣܸ˴鷳Դʱ򣬳бҪǶ
ԭˮľΪͣڵºɣ׬û뵽⡣Ȼᣬ׬㻨Ǯˮľ۾ǰеĿ޶ʱϹˣѹܹľҶô׵ķ֣һﶼʮˣȻġȻˣȻΪһδãˮľҲôˡ
ȥװߣȷʵһѵõ˧Сһǳɫۣϻ㿡ʵеԥʣ˵Ҳ൱ˡһȦȦ̬ݣֵֹ˺ǵĻģŮҲԵòУһҪˡ
ˮľɫĴһһɫҴҵļһߵģɫһ䣬ȻѸٵ뿪ˡ
˰ؼҵӲԶˡ
ҡҲǳ飬֪ҲεάֶΣǲмڿֶλýǮô˵һݵҪˡ
ˮľһֱȵݽΧȺɢȥΪһ뿪ˡŸڴͲߣˮľźҡҡͷת뿪
꣬úɣϣ´μ棬ս


269 Χ
һУսڱȽϿһˣ۷ڵ棬߿ֶνٵ֮ͣûʲô̫ǿɱﵣԼսǣǶԱĽһߣ߻Ҫǿ̫ࡣڣѾߣҪԶԶǿûгɳһβҰ޺;β˵ġ
ֻս鲻ḻʱͻᾭ⣬˾ǵ͵ӣֿȽϲʱ򣬺ûзӳʵͱһзŵߵûôص㣬ǣݺ׶ݵʱ൱ĳβġᡱʴܶʱɲóǲǴ򲻵ˡ
ӷϿβʺսϵĻ֣ΧѹǿһһΧŹʱӦֶβĭǣƺɧܹܲܺõڻԼܣҲôʱ߶ûץȥԭ
̻ܵСɽ˺ʱ̣尵ڵʱߴ֡սʱڣߵĽսΧƽĿŵԼ׳ɵĹ飬Ǽٷġ
ֻڲҶ޶ԣҹˣĿˮľԲ͵͵ǱС򣬽ҹɫڻߵķΧ˹ȥòԶˮľһ尵ͶԼסСùݵ¥ͽӡ
ˣû˸òһ̫ȶ뿪ɡ
ûдݾߣˮľҲֵúú˯һֻˮľãֻ̫ˣ⼸˾׷ʵеǿѣֻҪ΢һ㣬⼸尵޻ᡣ
ץһҪȫ˵ЧǱβҲǴץΪȰΪ̬
ƽһҹûзʲôر飬ˮľϣڵźʵĶֻᡣ
ʵˮľҲǷҪжְץסߣ˺ܾãǷˣΪƻӰжʲôģڶˣҲν֪ȾˣִϵȷѾСĽˡ
ڣ黹ãһֵ֣ĿԾͺܵˣβߣɳץģҲǷ֮ҪǱ֣겻ɵΣؼǸոս˵֮ΪܻһЩ鷳׵֮ĲΡˮľɰ֣ɲȫ֪û֤ݣҲ˲ǣʱˮľ͵͵ĳһߣɾͺѽ͵ˡ
ڡ֯β޲׽ƻ֮ǰҲûʲôΣգҲһץץӰҲ󣬾ȥɡӵļ£ܹ֪Ҳ޷Թ۵ĺá
õµ磬Թ緹֮жˡ
Ҫ뿪ˣԣòǷֱˡĭ͵÷Χǹ㰡
ûɥʧߣֻҪĭɢڸһз紵ݶĭͻܵţȻ߷֡
ܵвߣһСķΧûͨ˵ĸţҲ˲ʱӿٶǰ񱼡мӵ尵Ҳʼ׷ᡣһߵˮľҲ۲žƵķչ
ٶͨԲѡ
ĬĬģˮľڵʵеѽ߻ֵߵķ룬йоأߵɫߵ·ߡ
尵׷֮еĶҲûɢ֮УǾںϻ֮սСӣΪ׵Ķӳǰˮľֱġ˾Ǹ׷ߵĸˡڳˮľɵøӵĽ
׷ã尵ǽסߡһԹ۲ˮľҲòֶΣʵƽҲ̰Ϳסٶѷһߣûôǲĸߵĺ档񱼵˴֮󣬲ΧָʵƫܹƵȺսȷʵץʵǿ̵ЧֶΣǾḻİӳ
ΧûзȻĿΧĵˣƺû˵䣬Ϳʼ֡
ľ޴֪Ѿʧȥõܻᣬ뽫׷߻ˣлˡ
ȿ״ĴĭƮݣһƮΧĵˡ
ףĭǲǣƵ˵ֶΡ


270 ̽
սԹᣬܺᱬըɱ˵ˣʵʵ̫ǿˣȻˮľҲùЯըʹͬھֶΣĭˮľΪȤ
ĭ𣿲ض̬ĽʣǲСֶΣȥʱԳһ£еĻСԡ
ĿʱҪĿܾһСϲ̽˷ḻʵ
ֻڻУЩҷŵһߡˮľսȻܼңǺ̰顣Χ֮Уûʹɱ˾޴ͽսսڽУĻûβ޻ߣ֧ôá
ˮľҲһμͨôץģһ˵ɫˮݡˮޣӵ׶ݣȷʵΪһĬİСӣսȷʵСҪǲʹģʽˮľԼӹ̶ֳȵΧҲеѶȡ
ȥĻûϣˣҲҪβ޻ȻĿҪˡ
ƵķչЩˮľԤϡ
ĭȻܴ˷ɣҲУ
ֻߴһݣ˲佫ԼΧȻʼΧȦ֮˳ŷٵƮߡ
ˮĭһӦãԼʹþȻзЧٶȻͦһ㣬ʤڽʡҰ˵εʵҪڵϱɵö࣬Լƣ˵ֱѩ̿񼼡
ڵεƣʱı˦ĭţҪߵȥ⼸̰е
һغϾô𣿿ҲǵһսˣƶѾϰˣƴľĺԺè׽еˡ
һˮľԸһˣ󲿷ֻԤ֮ڣۺʵпɣʹβ޻Ҳ൱һͨ½̣㣬ͻԡսʺսеɱ̫ûɱﵣǿһߣĺܹס
֪ЩˮľҲˣʩʩȻķɹһĹ֣尵Сڶ͵ͱڲô֮ˮľҲͲڹĽսˣʣµˮľ޹ء
һϷˣ⻹ˮľһνӵɵڻȥ·ϵˮľͻȻͣ˽Ų
Ǻþòˮľ
һӰͻأĳˮľǰ۾ŲЦݣҩʦ
ûðɣˮľͳޣѸٵĳҩʦԴȥôͻȻļ棬еƲԼְ
ĿֱеҩʦȻһըӰڵء
һҪɱңΪڴҼأ
һŻЦҩʦڲԶĵط
ڴеԹʵҲûʲôãֻҿûкʬ˵Ȥ
˵꣬һ֮ڶճɽ̿
ҩʦǱһˮľŲɣܹˮľߵ˽ӽĵطˣ̽粻ûУԲҩʦ
Ÿ֪ΧһεĲԴλñɿ֪ķλˮľֱӾͿ˵Լҩʦ
ûòô˵ҲǰɣüϷŪң˵ΪѾԼ棿
ô᣿ҩʦֻˮľǰԽԽ󣬾һԲϽҸɵأ
һԲϽɵⲻˮľȷҩʦȷʵǱ壬ĸۣȫֵĻҲǿɱģֻ򲻵Ѿڰģʽֻ޺ôˡ
ôǮô
ǰῪЦҿǰ׵ģϴǰ˵ô
ףϴΣˮľѸٵĻ˼ļ䣬รǾ˵ӡͷ֮𣿡
ǲŪأ
Ͼͺáˮľ˲ı⣬ѸٵĽӡĸӰ֣ͱһҩʦΧ
ʲô˼ˮľҩʦɫʵ
Ҳ֪ｻʲôȻϴҪģôǲǿֱɱͿõˣ
δ䣬ǸӰѸٵİڵأѸٵĽӡƵӣһɫĻǽ𣬽ˮľҩʦС
󣿡ҩʦɫԽѿӰάֽ磬ֲ˶ðɣô̵ʱھɱң
ˮľ¶һЦ˭֪أԿ


271 
˵ʱĻˮľͫٴθֳɫĹâ쳤ɫҲӿȵĲƮɢ
ģʽôô죿
ȻˮľģʽٶȣҩʦҲԴУģʽһ֪֪ڵԼ״̬µˮľĶ֣Ҳ˵ͱɣӮϣܵϣеģ΢һʱ䣬ȴľ޴ĽӰĲԼͿ·ˡ
֪࣬ҲȲ㡭
һ˵ţˮľѸٵĽӽֱӻȭҩʦϮĿռ䲻ɱҩʦˮľۣûݽҩʦϵĶҲˡ
ˮľȫ棬һԲϾͶ֣ҩʦʱҲ˺úý˼ģʽٶȺܿ죬Ƕҩʦ˵ӦȻҲ֮յĶˮľȭֻûҩʦɿһɾ޴صײϡʱҩʦõɶء
ô£𣿱ػͷǵҩʦһ¡
ϧˮľܵеɻ󡣶ǿǶıļһˮľû̫İѹôͳʵռŵʱֱӽҲǲѡ񡣲ҩʦأˮľٴǰһΣȭͷصĻҩʦıܵһѵ񶯣صĳƱ嶼˵ҩʦˤڵϲסĻУʵĵҲûܵס޴ıеҩʦ͵ĦһĹ֡
ӹȻֵܱĹƺҪֲɣѹܰҲˡ
ȫͻϮˮľȭӳҩʦģʽ˽ĻᣬֱӵһȭƵУڶȭȫģʽʲıҩʦһֲ
ˮľ뷨ҪˣĹֵĩˣһӰȻڵϿŻˮľǱҩʦ
û治ˮľ˿ҩʦǲЭ̬˵ǲ˺ȻȻû㻹ǲСȫĹͷദۣѾվ˰ɣֱˡ
δ䣬һֻεֱ֣קסҩʦĲӣ
ӱյĿҩʦ˵Ϊô׵𣿡
ҩʦͷӲĻˮľҲһ˶ģֱ׼ŤĲӡ
ʱҩʦһϵĶѸóһᣬȻþ͵һ˦
ţá
ȭҩʦĵ˺óһξ롣ĸӰӵеĲˣΪӳάʱ䣬òСķΧͲĿռ䣬˵ĶС´ʱҩʦѾܽˡҩʦһ˦ҪĻǽ϶ᱻճɻҽԾҪˮľսƷѾҩʦΪеˮľô鷢ȻַſҩʦѸٵĽӳľס
ٴصˤڵϵҩʦǸˮľһϲʱжɵҩʦóʣµоᣬȻֱ׼˵𱬷
Ҫ쵰
ϧǰĶעˮľѾҩʦжˣֻһҵıըһƬȼյĻ򣬽ҩʦ˴һϯСȵĻһУˮľ֮Ķ֮һ档
ı仯ʱˮľɫ࣬ȼյĻӳ˫ͫƺӳˮľеŭ
֮䣬һƬȻĴִҩʦͬѹ档
ûеĿȼҲ޸֮ľԴ֮ˮѸٵϨ𣬲һж̫ˡŲʵ߽ˮľűһպмźڻҵϸСֽƬƮɢԭԼһڶɢˡ
Ľңˮľ˸ոҩʦӳľᡣ
֮ôҲֻ̫ǣҪӡ
ûѪ޹ˮľź飬֮ľ
ǻŭˮľ鸴ӵĿڵϵҩʦ
ʧˣ̫ļôԣսû⣬޵ĶԻҲΪʱʩչģʽ͵ϮҩʦԼʵж϶ûгֻǶս֮İղһԵ˺ݣԼҲ顣
õ֮ӡˮľһɱҩʦ˶һ㣬ҩʦڷʵ֮ԼϵĽƷΪԼһսܺԼ̸еĳ룡ȻûȫɹǣˮľҪûõ֣սҲǳɹ˴롣


272 թ
ģⶼˮľ૵˵ϸŲ֪ǿЦҵɫ
һƬ֮еҩʦڻҵʹ˹ӵУ۾ҩʦһ۾Ϳϵ£
ˣǣ
ҪҩʦԼȫıסͲܻȫѵʹϾ͸ոôҵʹͲԼٴιȥ
˵òᣬôǻˡ
еҲѵҩʦˮľսһĻԼҲֻԷƹԼһľҲǺþûˡ
ӴˣҼǵǰЩڻҿһȭһġ治ĻСͷĿȷʵᡣ
˳ķҩʦƫƫͷȻ󿴵ڲԶĻԳտˮľ
ҪҪһˮľ˻кĲ֪ʲôƿ״ʡ
ҩʦŸѵ촽øɤӷɳƵ˵ˣԵĻܸܲҵˮ
Ŷ
ˮľӦһеʳˮңߵҩʦߣι˵ˮȡ
õ𣿡
ҩʦһǵˮգ˵ҷŰɣô˵̫ò
ŵۡˮľüͷǰҩʦԼ
Żľʹҩʦָһоõ֮󣬶ˮľ˵ұŹˡҪҪлĲɱ֮
ô˵ǲǾһɱ㣿ǵ󰡣
ⲻǵţûд۾ҩʦɱ¶˸ƽʱѵһ飬йͬ棬ֻҪкĻ˵һмֵڻû˵㻹Ҫһô
ͬ棿ðɡˮľЦЦ˵ⶼȫĩԹˣһҲݲԶˣƻģҲǹִŵġ
ⲻôܵŬһ£ֱһԲϾʹ
´ûаˣ
ҩʦѵõļһ˿Ц˵û뵽ľҶ̾ӢȻôһ棬Ҫͬ˵ǻΪѣ
˭֪Ҳ׽ҽһȷʵˣ˵ɣ׼ʲô
Ͽ϶ûˣҪǻţ϶ɱ˽ٲƵģ
ǿɾѰˣ˵ôң
ȻǿûõҲֻթˡ
ԭˮľûҪһеĸɵҩʦģû뵽һĽֻڱ棬ȻôصĽƷţҲԹˮľˡǵжԹϵҲֻᷢʵԵȵ֮䣬ģʽˮľȫԸ£ɵڵҩʦԻǺܴġ
ҵʧȽϴɣ㲻˵ѾĩԹôҪˣôҲóɡ
Ѱأ
ڵ治ôҩʦöˮľǿᣬˮľҲܷҩʦˡ
ҪǩһԼ
ҩʦ̽Ž
ɣãˮľмıӵǱԲɰܱʲôԼֻҪ裬н˵ģ
Ȼ֪鱨ǲСﰡ
ˮľ˵Ļҩʦʱһ
ɰ֮ЫǱҸɵˣ֪ʲô֣ˮľ˵ΣٸҵѺƷ
ѺƷ룡
룬ҿҪ·ģľҶɾͲ˵ˣȤĴӦòٰɣ
ҪҽľҶҩʦŵʵȥһܻҪĶɾͲˡ
ǿɲһˮľÿɷЦЦ
Ū״ļһҪӳӡĻûˣ˷ֻܸ֮һĻᣬץס͹ֲˣȥҪôҲǿ˶ˡ
ҩʦĿˮľˮľƺ˵ѵӡ
ڱҿ
ô룬Ͻóһķɣ
ʣµĿ⣬ˮľʼ׼¶Ӫ
һһ߹۲ˮľжһ˼ҩʦͻȻʵҵȭץסҲӵģʲô
ˮľԴģʽ֪ҲడҸ߹ˡ
ӰεĹԲһ㣬ģʽҩʦƬ̣ͻȻȻ򣬡ȻԣԲԴİɣû뵽Ȼǿزòԩ
Ϊϯ֣ģʽӡ˽ⲻٵҩʦԲ᲻ԴȻ塣
ô¡ˮľʼ磬߽˲úõ˯һӵҩʦ¡


273 
һУˮľ˹򵥵ʰ֮ˮľ߳񣬷ɫ磬ҲðһƬ׹⣬ɳϼ
ˮľߵĶ̾ĲԶҩʦ
ˣҩʦȸˮľк
ţȻѵñһ磿ˮľ˸Ƿչһ¸첲ҩʦ˵
ѵ磬һû˯š
û˯ţû꣬ҲǺ䣬ӰϢɣ
ˮľó׼ĸʼ͡
˯еʱ䣬ҪǲԲߣҿɾҪͷˡ
Ŷ취ˣ
һϵĽˮľҲʮֵĺ档
Ȼҩʦ͸ĪšȻûзʱɱңҲûаֱӽľҶ˼Ҳʲôظ֮ʲô֮õİɣ
һϾˮľʧ˵Ǹ߹ˡ
ôܾҩʦս˺þãһһֱûǾȷȷʵʵǿܶ࣬ǣԸҶ໰һҺ֡
һˮľɫҩʦ˵ռ˾ԵƣȴȲĽһĽһ㲻ϳԭΪΪ㺦ĸӰ֧ŵʱ̫̣ʱ󣬽ߡǺԲô£ûģʽ˵ĸ֪ٶǰҸͲܵõ
Ϊʲôô뵽ԭˣ
ûҩʦ϶شԭ²⣬һٵĺ֣뵽һֿܣǾģʽм㲻òضԴ󣬾Ҫֹɳ־ս׷ս뾡СĿռһƵСȻûпģʽ㣬ǺԣڱⳤʱʹģʽΪϲ𣡡
ȻûвϸڣܹƲ⵽̶ȣˮľҲòҩʦԴȷʵܴˮľҲûлӦҩʦɣֻһ߳ԶһȤĿҩʦǱݡ
ôҲµĲԣˮľȫûбµ⣬ҩʦĲԼԭŲɵƲҲһ˿ɡ
ԲжӰ𣿡һͣˮľҰһͣν˵˵˰㻹û˵׼ʲô
˵ţˮľװһ˵ѵ˵չ¶һĴķڷȻƾһ죬Ϳҷ㣿
ˮľǰĺľûʲôҩʦǳˣóɻҴص鲻ҺΪѵĺðɡ
·Ƶˮľʱҩʦе㼬֡
Ȼ˵ô࣬Ҳ˵ɡ
ˮľ˿ɫ̫Ҳˡ
ҾãǲеƲңһʼûаҷ˵ĻȻӣǴûоԼɣ
ģˮľһĮЦݶѪҩʦ˵±ҸɵʼգҶûһ˿η壡ʬɣҵʵѹ㣬ңȴĸʾһǶı
ֱڣˮľҩʦ˫пһ˿֮⡣
ˣνԼǿƣǶԸ޻֮ķ²ֻˣŻŰ²ķʽԼĹ۵㡣бҪĻҲʹñ
ˮľקסҩʦĸ첲ָſĬ˲ȻصĴҩʦĸ漴ҩʦʼҵĲҽ
ʹϣʵĴ̼ܹʵûʸƽȵ̸ҲռλˣҪģó㹻ĳҷ㣬ͼ²ҵԼνģ㲻ҪŪҪʲôֻҪ˵óĶжǷ⣬𣿡
ҩʦæĵͷ
ܺá
ˮľµҩʦ̱ڵأסĴϢ
ʱ򣬴ԸԼĲǣʡĻöĺôˣҪԼʵöԼĻĻϵģûжԵȵĵλǿƵһȫԲԼֱȭͷͿԻԼҪġ
¿ʼ˵ˣ
ӡͷ֮ҵŴҩʦ˻Ƶ˵
ˮľڰִҩʦĻ֮Ѿõˣ㲻ҵսƷΪ룬ӡǿԣ㲻ôĵĿңսˣҪۣսϵĽɻȻʤС


274 ֮
Aҽ𣡡
ҩʦεĲ
𣿡ˮľ˼һ˵ֻǣǰȼȣһ㡣
Aҽԭ򵥣ѧϰȲ鷳ˮľûмȻҲᡣ
ҽļֵ˼𣬻ʵԺѧϰѶϢϢءҽܶࡣ߼һһѧϰ򵥣ЧˣӢѳ֣ˮľ˴ǮҸֻϸ֮ڶ־Ʋܹ㣬ѧϰѶȺܴȻû˻ã֣ҩʦ˵ѧϰѶ̫ߣ˻ûֵ֪Ķ١
Ȼģʽˮľ󲢲ǿң˵ǺмֵԼյĵӴҰӣ
ˮľθ̫ҲҩʦΪѣʱû취ּۻۡ
ͨšĻҲû̫õİ취ˣͨˮ׼۵Ҳû
ǲȻҲŪ֣ٸۺ͹Ҳˡ𣿡
Ҳ̫̰ˣˮľһS񼼣AѾǲСĴˣÿһֻҪо͸һˡ
ֻ֪ǣΪԼֵֻ
ðɣΪΪ⣬Ѫûˮľθˡ¶ĸԼѪҩʦٴ˵
ͨҾͲ˵ˣҲȤﻹһǻδ״̬
ϸ˵˵
ܱҩʦּ߳Ϊó׵ģȻһ
ƼˮȤ𣿡
ƣӡ̣
ˮľȤҩʦҲһ
ǰãǲ˹Ƽšˮ£ֻ˵ǶĿˮӰļ壬ŵĹ£ֳһͬ츳Ĺˮ¡
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ԭʹѾûˣǻûдﵽˮĳ̶ȣΪǹƼеܹ֮ӵҵڶûҵʵʲô
ĴʹãӰôˮľͷ˼һ˵һѪ޽嵹żʣҲپĴлٳһˮΪѪ޽絹Ҳ֡
ܽϵˮľͷ
ðɣأӡͨ๻ˣϲ㣬˵Ļ
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µһ̫ˮľͻȻʵôصˣ絽һֱûгԶҪɣߵ·ˣҵĶɾòˡ
İɣҿɲԼЦֻҪ㲻ٶ֣Ҿûˡ
סҩʦƺҲȻҵסˣǾ˵̣ǲǿԿʼĽˣ

û뵽ʱҩʦ˵ֻԼȷʵʲôҪĶҩʦ־ڱصˡ
㻹ʲôܹ𣿡
ҩʦҡҡͷڿ϶ûˣֻһʱĻҲܹóµĶ
¶͵ɣˮľüͷʵʲô
磺ת
ҩʦһĶˮľȻ˵ʬת
㻹ǵ󰡣ҪѴͿ𣿿ҲǶԴôİ
˲Ų飬˵мʵһ£뷨ĿƣҲĲУֻǻûнϢԭһˡ
ҩʦʵ͸¶һЩϢԼĿų̶ȡ
ûĻͬ⽻ˣ
ˮľҡҡͷתΣʱ֪Ū̫ҿɲմȾаڲʬתΪһ֪ôתƾûм͵־תķ̫תƾռݱ˵壬ҲΣգһСľ𣬼ʹɹˣҪʱĸţʵ̫Σˡһᣬòô翪ʼ
ҩʦҲ֪Լʵ״˵Ҳᱻ𴩡
ҩʦˮľıԹЦЦ˵˵ô࣬ʵļֵɣǡǡ˵Ҫо˵һҪԣȱ㣬µ˼·зҪԴôԿģʽ᲻һ㣬ͬˣƭҡ


275 
Ȼ˵뷨ˮľҲû߳ŭ˼һ̶˵ҩʦˮľȷʵ˶ûʲôս¶ͬǣҩʦڸ䵱ջ˴ζ˱ӻɳĻˮľųǰ۹Ϣ̵˲ٺô
ܹڼзߵһƽߣǷ֮Ƶľҩʦܹ²²ˮľ뷨һ㲻Ϊ档
ҩʦַдŵĵ͵ĹάˮľҲ̫ķӦȻѾթ˲ٵĺöʿɶֹ˵ܴĺôĽ̸ǻݻ׵Ĳˣ̸еǲҪöջȽϺá
ˮľ˿Ŀҩʦ˵Ͽн׵ĿܣǾжһԤϣȻ˵˼·УôļֵͲܰЧˣ˵ģϣʹĿԼС
۵㱻ԣҩʦҲ벻̫õĻõüĺôܳΪ룬ļֵۿۣ˵ṩο֮дʣûõ֣տڰ׻˵
˼ǣ
뽻Ҳϣжϼ̸ֵǷʡ
ⲻܣҩʦȻܾҪҸϣô죿ˣ㿴ļֵˣҲģ
ðɣȻȷϽ׷ʽʱ̸֪ǣҪʲôˮľҲЩϸϾϽһ⣬ûʲô̫ͽҺܺ㵽׿һˡ
Ҫľۻ귨󣬻Ϣ
Ϣθ󡣡ˮľΪҩʦ鱨еȣ۹Ҳȷʵǳ׼ۻ귨ϴμҩʦͱʾͣһθǶˮľĸ
Ǵ֪ģҺʹҰӣûܹɣ̿ԵʱҰӣûӳôģ
ѧģʽҪҲ֪ġҩʦǿʺʹĲѧϰĻ츳Ҳһ֪ģʽôΪˡˣͲôˣ
ԣƶϢЧ
ϢľЧǲö֪չ¶ĶͲˣЩϲģһֿ϶ӦԭĳЩص㣬Ϣ֣ѵ𣿡
ðɣ׼ʲô
תͲʬת𣿡ҩʦʵϢǿɡ
ûǰĻ𣿡ˮľõ˵жϼֵһ̸ʲôʹӮ˾ˣС
ˮľһĵҩʦ˵Ҫǰ׵ģȨң׳ɲɣҪʲôʲô
һĻҩʦ޻˵Һ˺ۣ˿
ˮľûдҩʦķӦ˵˵ϿǮڻӦûнңԣʵϣûʲôϣ
Ҫڣ
ûе£ˮľϵڻ̸ϷڣֻּۻֻۡǰҲ˵ˣҲʲôظˣҪ̸£ĻԵѣҲ㲻ƭ˰ɣӦýнƻ
ˮľĻʱҩʦһЩΣС
Ĭãҩʦ̧ͷʵҪʲô
ҩʦϣˮľҲشתļֵ㽻Ҳ֮жϼֵʬתҾñһʮҪĸˣϿļֵ
ʲô⣿ҩʦʵʹεӦû̫Ŷԣ
Ĺ۵㣡ˮľм˵ʬתеգ˭Ҳܱ֤⣬ǿֶһģӶתоںϲ⡣̵ɱﵣһ˳òִĻֻϵ֣Ҳܷĵоʬת
ִҩʦ૵˵
ûûʬתһ壬Ҳġ
Ҵû˵ⷽ⡣
㲻֪ڡˮľĵĽ͵УϢĹܣ͵ͬҸո˵ǸټϲʬתͻתļֵϿɣͿԽףȻˣôһҲӦõģ˭ң
ڣˮľǱҪˣͿҩʦܲŪˮľҪĶˡ


276 ִ
ˮľ˵ִȻǴİ֮ˮľҲ㲻ˣֻǲܺĹ²ռƣӡ˵Ҳûǿ޷ĳ̶ȡ
ˮľŵ㣬뾫ĹܡʬתԴ辫ϵ˺ڰܸǲսбֵ쾡£ûаܴ֮ûһδת˺ˣʹǲɣҲһ˷̵ĿܣҪʮȭķӡ̫ǿҪɱ裬ǲܵ顣
ˮľȻҪɰ᪴ߣΪųơϹޣǾΨһԵģˮľҲҪʹϷؼִϾ޴ıԾȻʴˮľ˵ֱѩ̿񼼣ܹοһ£ܸˮľİˡ
ˮľҪ󣬵ǾԲҩʦǰֵôʣֻҪҩʦʵѡˣ֮ˮľĿģȻӡͲʬתҲǿˣڻתֻǸиãûҲǿ
ˮľҪҩʦε˵ƺˣȻ̰ҺΪѣƺҲ޵ķʸֻǣҲûмⷽϣ˵ԣı񼼣ĻҸò֡
Ǿͺźˡˮľνʼ˵ûⷽϣṩĶȫ⣬ôܶԲ𣬽ײҪôǰԼõ飬ʹȥҪô㻻Ҫ󡣡
ˮľҩʦóĶʵû̫ĿɱԣתͲʬתԶӦս٣ϢҪ޲ĸ˭˭Ӻ˵ͿˡϢ÷Χ㣬ֲܹܶ츳ϵȱݣһǲʬתͻתġȻûṩֱսǿģʽˮľķ츲صı仯֪ˡ
ˮľľܾҩʦˣҲûа취飬ûкʵĳ룬˭ҲύԼĵƣԼϵдۣۼֵȲˮľϢҩʦԲȥģдӵе޿ԣʹ˭׽̸
ǾˡϢҪġҩʦź˵šڵԼ״Բھ򵽴ĵƣԼоô˵ɲɣԼҲûǸʱ䣬ϵдۣ͹Լоþˡ
ร㻹ʲôе
ЩмֵˮľǷֵģܹͻת벻ʬתģȻҲǼ򵥵Ķҩʦɵ̫ԿĽףҲǲͬġ
Ҫģʽ
ҩʦն˵
ģʽˮľͷһ𣬲ŵĿҩʦǰ˵Ļһؾ㣬ûϢĲҲʸѧϰģʽ㣬ʹõģʽһʺ㡣
׿ᣬνӴȻýͺܲңҲѧϰ˲ʱİųɹˮľҲʺԼĽݾõβ޲ҩʦܹʲôٴʹôϸô軹ûأҩʦûƤӵ¡
֪һжģ㻹𣿡
ۻ귨ҪȡģʽתӲʬת͹ˡ
ҩʦҲע⵽ϣûʲô̺Ѫ޽ƽߣпܵĻģʽ·õģʵԶ׼ġ
ˮľĸϢģʽֶֻ֮һõĽҲǷǳġ
ˮľּۻۣҩʦԥһ֮ͬˣ¼ĿʼΪдۣǲʹд۵ľ޴ģʹҩʦòˮľϢֻϢòˣô·ƶҲǲķ֪ӡҩʦۼӡǲд۵ļǿҲ˸ߵȼд۵ľ޴ģʽΪѡһҲ֡
ԣҪҷģʽʣҸô㣿
̵ڰ˰̣뿪ӵĻܶ࣬Ҫ˵ҲҡȻˡˮľɵЦ˵ǵĽױ˷ˣҲҷ
Ȼҩʦͷ
ܺã״ɡôջˮľҲ൱ˣҪ̶һεĽ׷ʽ
ˮľóһհ׵ľ̯дӡ𣬴ȷͿ뿪ˡ㰲ȫˣͨźˮȻչģʽס
õӡͲˮľһģʽˡǿջҲܱ֤ҩʦȫ뿪


277 ʧ
ԡҩʦͬˣʱŵһߣҪǱ֤ڵ״ûд֡
ˮľ˿ҩʦҲĴܹԴ˵ѾܷѾˣҪд֣ǲɵ
ðɣ˵д
˵ҩʦ޷̫ķģңˮľӡҲһ֪ҩʦ֪Լ޷ʲôֽţֻʵʵĽ佻ˮľ
֮ˮľϵľᣬüͷ˼˺þáȻ̧ͷһεҩʦʵҽûʲô⣬ӡһɻûнķʽΪʲô
ϵľʾӡĿܶˮľԼоĽͲ²ҲûʲôͻϣˮľҩʦûֽţϸڵĻȥٿ١
ؼһԳ֮״ˮľ⣬ԷӡΪӦȫǿģܷܽ⣬зӡжӦзӡ⡣ĴĿӰˮ˷ӡβİԷӡҲΪӡԿףʬ⾡ƽȻȡ˱ӡ˫֡ӡֵĵطڣû½أӡֻһ·ߵڣǳߵľһӡߵӡǡһôʮȭִǿӡӡֻҪЧǲġǴһʼͬ׾ֿӡϮĻֶܹƶѣ˵ˡ
ԼԴˣȻΪԼھܹƽо˰뱲ӵֻԭ֮ģµĵ·ˡ
ˮľ⣬ԼϢϢصҩʦҵϸһ֮⣬ҲӡѶʵ̫ʵϣҼʹõ֮ҲֻڱӦϼΪ죬Ǻĵ⣬ҪΪķӡܸģԭ˵һ仰ߣû顣
û飿ˮľ˵š仰߼˵϶⣬߲ܵģ伫ޣǴԸĻһ淴ӳһ⣬Ǿ߻еˣת
Ҳ˵ǿƽģֻҿ
ûҩʦ϶ش
ȷӡȫˮľɵʵ
ܿ϶֪ȫˣ˲ҿ״ȵġ
̫ˣѵҪԼʵ飿
룬ˮľǷ뷨Ϊ˵õȱ֮ӡ֪˶ʵƷˮľһ鼸ܡ
׻Ҫһ֣Ҫռӡʵݣڵϸϡ
Ϻ󣬶Ҳý
ʵҺܶ࣬һ棬Ȼ֪ͨȥá
ҩʦԥһ˵ǿԣһҾ̫Կˡ
ģʽĻҸһʵĻᣡ
ʵĻ᣿Ҳ̫ˣѵ˵ҲӦҪȡף
ǵġԼ϶һ˵İƷӡ׸˭֪ʲôʱ⣿
ҿԸһʾģʽɲͬͨеΣպʱǴŬͿԿ˷ģܲΪ˽ȥ̴ɣһļֵж٣ϸ
ˮľ֮ĻҩʦҲе飬ˮľľ棬ǵͷӦˣǾô˵ˣ鵽һɲٳˡ
бˡ

õջ񣬻ڴĺôҩʦԱԼӵż
żԣˮľͻȻͣ˿ڻش·ϵĽŲͷ˿ҩʦķʱѾ׷˰ɣ
ʧˣһͷԣԭΪ׬ˣû뵽ҩʦҲûгԿ
ղŵˮľͻȻʶ͵ҩʦΪ˾ĿģҪõģʽ
ҩʦĵһĿϢڶĿģʽΪҩʦĿıˮľһͬص㡪ṩױȵĲһ䣬һʱ䡣
ˮľԭΪҩʦҪģʽΪսڿô򵥣ϢģʽֻǴﵽһĿĵ塣
ҪϢṩĴָߵܽһˮľӡУģҲôˡ
ֻͫԲܣۿԲֻдˣô߸Ʒʲǿм


278 
ˮľҩʦͻһξһ»ڣҩʦǱĸԼˡ
ˮľĸӳҩʦŶԼ岻ЪҩǿĻָԼԼ߳ҽڼ͵־֧£ǳˮľ֮ǰӵ˰ȫĵط
Ǵʧˣ
͵ʴף˲ġҩʦòѽ׽ȥˮľģʽõ֣ôӡͷ֮Ͱװ׵˷ˣһˣʲôôû̵ƵҩʦòͶ룬ֻлģʽûпôֻҪܹƿдۡͲдۣһжֵõġ
ôһǿôѻתͲʬתŪ𣿡
ҩʦƣ˫ĪĹâ
ǲʬתܹҵִķĻ
һ˲䣬ҩʦǵܹԼôĿԡ

ֺϵ񱨸棬˵ͷ˵ܺãɵĺ˳
ȴػˮľеSôɾͺˡ
̫ˣôܣֻǡû鷳ˣܹͨͰСӵ鶼ף˵ˡ
ˮľɣһһ̿ɾͲһܹˡ
ҲˣβߣʵûмĿܡô˵ܳһʱ䣬Ҫ̵ˡ
ǵġˮľͷ޷жβ޻ս尵ܱʹβ޵Գ֡ǿʵֱѹ޴ӣܰô
ۺܸ߰Ҳ˵ǱʱҪġ֯в
ǵģβ޺δֻôһҲ֪̫Ϊβ˸˷Ĳ£
˽ˣǱҲḺȫġҲϿˮľжϣɡļˡһʱ䣬Ĺص㣬Ҫ̵ڰ˰Ľ̵档
ˣһᾡģ

Ϊˮľû浢̫ãľͻص¶޵ӣܲô̹Һĵһ£ϴһˮ裬ȻĿɳһεսƷ
֮ȱŵһߣѧϰѶȣܲģʽü򵥡ӵпռ츳ˣʺģʽĻҪ١ĿӰǧ䴴ĴĿӰˮŷôܹʹ÷֮ģֻӰ˲֪䡢ͬ͵ϣܹʹáʱռֻз֮иֵͨޡҲʹÿռתܹԶ̴ȵȡ
ǲô˵ûʲôĻڣ֮ǲ̫ĽչġľҶôţôҲûһܹɷ֮ͿɼѶ֮
ҽԺ˵ϾҽԼչķ
ӡԼҪرоˡ
ίɸɽկо
Щ飬ҪԴ漰ȽصĲʱҲиӦʱ䡣
ϴκɽկʱЩͱʣ˼ϵӿͷ
ӡо˽չȥɽĵ»ȥɣ
п鷳飬ҪԼԳȥʵУûдĵ׵֮ǰˮľǲὫЩ漰ٽɽկˡ
ӡˮľԽԽûô򵥡
ʣԴضҪһ˵ӡһ׶λֻѹեǱĻڶ׶ξԵ˻ˡ
Ȼ򣬻ʱ򣬲Ծ˻ʧȥǶɱˣ˹޷ƵȻµĺ˵ףҲˮľһȻϮĿ档ˮľ״ʵ㣬ỹܹЧĵϵ˺ˮľԼŪƴ˴յģʽΣ
Լ뵽˵飬ˮľоôĴ㲻״ǴȻӡüҪôбԵɡ
ԭϽӡӡԱǰоӡˮľһ²õ֤ʵӡĶο˺ֽܶš˻ɫУܵȻضĺֻԼ෴־ΪԾʴ
һϣˮľ˴ǿֲǻۡ


279 
ܹӡôԼ־ȡȻЧһ治סˮľԼβ޲֪Ȼ˵оˡ
ӡЩǲãֻҪһЩؼ⣬ʵͲǺܴˡǸôãǸ⡣öעӡҲ̫ˡңˮľҲвٵĹǣûʵƷûʵ󣬸޷һԽˮľԽе֡
õĸֽͻķӡַͼôϤƺˡ
ǴԽԺżļӸУӡ̡
ˮľһǰļ䣬һ߶Աӡķӡʽ
ͻȻˮľˡ
ۻ귨󣿡ȵˮľɵվ漰Ĳ֣Ȼ˵̫˾ˣ
ԣڣҲûмۻ귨Դӡʱ򣬸Ͳܲοۻ귨ҪôһɺϣҪôҲ֪ͨԼϵܣӡҲһЩο
Ҳĳһ˵˷ӡͬ;ĵ;õķģ˵ƣɵĶгһ
Ҫߴҩʦתˣû뵽ջ񡣡
ͬԾֻΪֵķʽ̫ˮľһֱûнϵǣڿ˵Իӡ֤һ¡
емҪú֤ˣ֮ӡǿͬʱʹõġôͬʱʹʬ⾡ٻôԣͬһǣʲôУͬͬʱʹûתٻͬһߵ꣬ʲôЧ
һ뵽Щǰûע⵽ʣˮľҲֹסԼĺ֮ġϧûֻܵһ콫ЩŪ֮취ˡ

֮磬ˮľվҶϣŵڰ˰ڲԶѶȲߣҲֻ޴󻯵ҰޡڲӰ£Ұı켸ҪһҪߵö࣬޴󻯺ױǳ࣬ڵͼУһ͵ռ˺ܴıأסܵҰ޵вӶв
ֻǣˮľʵеʧġԱҵһ˵ʵҲ൱ˣΪĻĻĲ񡣲ֹʵǲԶ
ô죿ڰ˰ʵʵ͵ʮڲ֮䣬ܻԵһԵսĻ˵еƣСսĻƾ̫ˣ¹Ļƽϣ̶ȵֲ㡣ڰ˰
ˮľźҡҡͷȮڣʵǲ侲㣬׾ͻᱻԣ֮̿ԴгʵĲͲһʱֲܹ˵ġ˵Ů־ǱõģǣĬԵȻϲ⣬Ǻܶʱ򲢲ܺܺõжӳΡɲǽʵǻ۾ܹúõģӵŮ־˻Ҫúõѧѧ
ڰ˰Ҫﵽ̵ˮƽеѰһ˵꣬ʵʱ䣬ǣʵҲһͨ̿ԣҲҪһҵʱСôʮ߰ңΪ̣Ͱĳô£³ˮľȵһƽ߼ôġ
ϧǷǳʱڣôʱЩ츳̣Ͳˣȡīسɹǲ̵顣
Ǽӵܰô죿Ѫ޽ʵĸŮ־˻һЩָߵĿԣˣֻܼϣƽʱ̿ѵʵսеˡ
ǣʵսô򵥵ģ׷̣ǿɽ֮֮⣬ǲʺСӵսġʹУҲలŸӸ߼ˡ
׷Щ£̵ӣһҲɰ׷ɱȷе˵־Ų쵼ġЩ顣ܽӵҲǽǿɽͨ˵ˣ˲һЩʵǿʿߡֻҪĻҲвģҲǲĶ
Ǳ֮󣬾һϢˮľ֣ʼβ
ɣ׼һ£ȥɡ
ô࣬Ϣһɡ̱ڵصȮڣԹôĺܣҪԸʵ̫ˡ
ѶԸĲܣʵҰˮľҡҡͷ˵ϻǲĬ


280 
ص·ϣȮڣһĶŪս裬ߵȻĬŮ־˻Ǹ˿
ˮľһЩʱŮ־˿첽ʵˮľʦǲʲôطĲԣ
ͻȻ⣬ҲȮڣע׷䣬ˮľĻش
ô˵أĲԣԭΪܹøá
ԣʵʧô
ȻЩ΢ӲҪô˵Ļ
ˮľʵʵ˵شѧԼ뷨ǺҪġ
һ̵ҪҲ൱ˣ̵ĲΣǲеԶ
̣ˮľۣȮڣɫе㲻ÿ¹趼Ѿˣ
˽͸¶һϢǣȻˣҲףһ̿ԣ¹ҲμӣǸ࿼ʦ
ʦǺ¹ĲѾôˣ
һƽ͵Ů־Ҳе㲻˼飬ƽʱһֵĻ飬ѾԶԶĽԼ˦˺ˣָоʵڲá
ˮľĵĽ͵ֻսǲ̫Զۺʵ˵ʵҲοܱ¹Ҫǿһ㡣
ȮڣĵʵˮľʦΪ̰棬ĸ
ҪʵǺĻˮľЦЦķʵ
֪ˣллˮľʦ
Ů־Ŵ
Ȯڣһ㶣ȻȻȻɫѿˡ
ôɶ˶ߵǰȥˡ
ҲҪԷƱˮľο˵ʵһʱҪץʱĻҲǿӭͷϵģǵļжǿԼͬʱҲҪġ
׿ʵĲ಻̸ʦľ飬ؿԳɰ˹ꡢľȲԼҪǱĻ˺һĴڣڰ˰໹治κˡ
˼Ϣ죬úǵ⣬죬ȥһ߼񡭡
̫ˣҪôСɸ߼꣬ȮڣͲסˣˮľʦǰЩȥˮ֮ǴεĴô
ʲôأˮľһ궼ѵһΣֻʷˣ򵥵ǵˮ׼ɣ
˸ɾѧˮľһ񽻸Ĵ棬츺ģȻǺþò³
ˮľҲԽԽʦˣˮľύ񱨸ȷϣ³˵
³㻹ǲ̫˵ѵ˵ǰͲʦ˵Һʧְһ
Ǹʧˡ³ε˵ֻû뵽ôΪ̣
Եɺϰɣأô
ˮ֮֮ˮľѧУʦְǵͷˣѾһûȥ³ˡ
ðɣӡֻҪ˽Ӧǰˡ
㸺㻹Ϻˣ㲻˷ֵһ¹
Ҷæ
û˵úŬɣ
³ݹļˮľת뿪ֱ˻Ӱ칫ҡ
ˣͣеıʣˮľȷ˵ı棬ͨĹ۲죬õڰ˰ô
ˮľʵ۵ֻ˵ʱ仹ü
Ǿ˵ڵʵô
Ů־״ãȮڣһ̿Խеѡ
̵ࡣֵͷ̰࣬ļΪ̽ص㿼󣿡
Ӧⲻǲ˳ĻҲ
ǲڻΪ߰ĶԽٹ˾Ҫ뿪ˡеʮҲҪ֡
ͷ۵ıԹ
ˣ͵ɣҪB񣬵зҪĻ֪ͨ㡣ͨʵսʵûǣһϣ㲻Ҫ⣡
ס

ļ꣬ˮľǰĴҰӣ˵ܹ뷨ܺã֧ġԭΪѡˮݣȻѡǾʱ·ȥɡ
ллʦ
ٰѲܴ򿪣Ȼһȭԣ
ǣ֮䴺ҰӣȭֳɫĹâתһŻƺɫȭͷĹĤȻһȭˮľؿڣǱˮľſĲܷõ˶أ
УǿƲĿеܲס˵ţˮľó˹ȥӦֲܹһЩ㡣
ɿƵĲܼԲʱ仯ôŰ汾ݡìȭֵĵ·ô


281 
ҰӣѡˮľҲе⡣ܹԼĿǰȱ㣬һֲķ൱Ĳġ
ĿǰΪҰӣϢͲܣŨصˮľĸ˷񣬶ѧѾ͡
Ϣãɶֻܹ洢ĲٿصѶϢϢءܾͱֵʮˡΪߵˮľѾˣͨ״̬·ҲΪ㣬ģʽ״̬£ȻǿĲܸˮľҪ̡
ǣʵķͲĹôϰġ
ԴСӣѧϰ˲ܣ̿ԵʱžôҰӣͷǳЧķס˶˹
̿ѾôãҰӣĲǿȻֻǶԲķͨķֻǲǿ⣬΢ǿһĹʵΪģ˵ףСӣˮľһࡣڴﵽΪĳ̶֮ÿһߣı仯Զ׼ġ
ǣһߣǡǡǼΪѵġܣʮʮ룬ֻҪпѧѵ󲿷ֶ˶Աʮʮһ룬ǾҪΪϿѵһ츳ˡÿһ㣬츳ҪԽԽߣŬҲɼӡ
ܹؼʵķԾ˷ëǣ󲿷߶ܲͶɱ״תоܹѸٵʵȥˡ
Сӣܹˮľ£辶뵽ʱ仯ֲԼϢͲϰλ·⣬ѾˮľΪˡңˮľĽĻϢʩչĲܣӵСӣϣ𵽹һЧǲŸոŵԲʱ仯ĹҲѾܿɹˡ
СӣصĽˮľݹȥպãˮľѵִܹǳԲʱ仯ϢͲ̶ֳȣҲǼΪѵˣֻǣҪѧϰ̫ˣ̰õĵҲ˵Ҫء
ףֻΪӲܵķŵõЧ
Բʱ仯ȻܹǿҲķḻͼǿԼĹҲ൱ԡ׶ߣҪСġ
ֲ֮˼ΪԣҰӣսʽˮľֵĽǶһƣΪ;ϵĲ࣬϶ԶԶȲʹĽǶġǿĽǶ˵ʱ̹һ޼᲻ݣ룬ȴľǰ׾ٵĻơ
СӣԲܣ˶׶ݵķļǿ˶๥ķˮľڵйоصĲȣصʵֻ̫лƫˮľԼѧᣬֻܿСӣȭĻ衣
Ҫ쿪ڶˣֻлݣӶ̲ˣ
ݱչҲûʲôƣûи߼ʵҲòʱ仯·ߡ
СӣһԡˮʺϷչֲͬķû֣֮ĻǸѡ
ֻǣҰӣҪ˻ͷӡϰҽҲ£˷صˮľҲе㵣ġ˵˽ǿ̫ӡȫķչ᲻ȫƽӹĽ
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ڽһЩСӣϰеһЩ֮ˮľ˳һ顣
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ţֻƺϵôá
ϵãһ㵹еϣ۴ֱܺӦûȽ׽˲Ŷԡ
ƺ˺ܲϲ˵۾ŮСӣ˵ĲòҲǷǳ
ŮˮľЦЦΪ˵۸еǣɱغе̽磬ֻҪװһ㣬ˮľѾǳѵˣĿǰǳߵͳŮϱߡ
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ǼΣоͦͨġüͷСӣҲû֮ʲôرĵط
ǺúദɣľҶĿ׵Ҫʱ򡣡
ѧϰԭ򣬺ļҲԽԽˣ˻ݱٵĽ̵вٿʱ䣬Сӣһͬ˵ĽҪȳĹҪҪ


282 ת
߱Ͼսְҵ޾ϸ۽̵ʣʵҪ߷ʽ
ܹѧһʦǰᣬҺãˮľܺȻƫأٻϲѧԼķ棬Ҳһָ֪̻ǲġ
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Ȼе㲻ģǴҰӣҲ֪ˮľ˵ʵʵЭǱزٵģۺӦԸֱʵ

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ɲô˵ġ˭˵ʲôѧ೤˵ʲôѹ޲֮ģôŹһ죬ͳŲסˣ
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ԣǵļҵ
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ѣݷļڣԲá
ûǮĻҪˣôҪоҪزĸϿҪˡСӣϰҽ󲿷ֵʵƷҪԼṩżҪ쵼ľҶҽԺһôСӣȥʵϰһ¡
ۺˮľΪ֧֮ľ棬ĸ˲ٵĴۡϾԼʲôеλߣûдӵ֧֣Ҳûмܣֵڣвӯ࣬ѾǺѵˣǣ֧ŵůƺҲ̫ˡ
Ҳûа취飬ʵҪͣһ𣿡
ˮľԥһ´һȥ㡣
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283 Ծ
̽һ˵磬ˮľûظӽǮĵزʳסҪǮеĸֿͲһСĿοˮľкܶδҵҪɣı֧ڵľ棬Ѿй˴ʧ֮С
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ҪѻľˮľǰֻڲƽˣûĻȻҲࡣͨԸ֪ģʽԻۿֻۡǣԭ޲Ĳ裬ȴûκЧԭӦó͵ģʽûзӦ
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Լܵĸо̾Լ㣬ǳЦԼԴ󣿡
ˮľɿתԽƽİ취
Լкжȫɱˣеⲿ֪ͱ仯ǻԼ뷨ģģȫǼٵġ
ˮľҲԲɽկĻܹǿģȻĳ̶ȣˮľ̽У¶š
ָȿ϶ʵΨһܹŵľԼ˼άĶšκҪ뷨֮ԾȷԼްôԼֻҪһͷӰĶô
ˮľѰķʱɲˮľӣȻԼѾ˻ôɽկѾ֪ǰԼ̶֪ȣжϳǱ岢ѣɽկĻж⣬ôԼĿǰ޷״ֻ̬׸ˡ
ͻȻˮľ۾һ뵽һİ취


284 һ֮ң
Ȼ취뵽ˣֻǣ丱ãˮľҲһͷۣҺоɹڼֻΪһЩϵûͷͨٳûҵֲķûʵʩˡ
Ҳ˲ôˡˮľһתֱϵķаӡЧˮľûгͷ֮κζ󲿷Լ־ķаӡ˲ɥʧ˶ӡĿơԭԵı컢֮ӡ˲両ˮľֱϣӡķѸٵɢת۾Ͳ˴塣
ӡı²ˮľƣȻڣɱӡŰ˲ͽ⿪ˮľĻ
֮䣬ǰĳ任ԭ»ſڵҶľ󣬱һҶƮĴģ
ԭһʼ𣬶ңƺרΪ׼ģ׼ְ
ȻɽկʵˮľҲԷƱˮľһƣǾеɽկǾԲʹģʽģ˵֪Ȼý飬ģʽҪĴɽկĴûбĲӻֻҪԼɵĿǰɽկǾ޷ʤˮľġ
ˮľҲٲȥˣȻѾ˺ƤǾֱ̯ưɡ
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ӡ˴ľʹ࣬ˮľϢƬ̣û˿ԥĿģʽȻΪһѸݵĹӰŵ»ؼ۶ȥ
һ·ϣҲûͽֻǣˮľԵĻѹǰ˷ֺȻǿĲ赲һεĹ
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ҲģȻٸ̸ɣʵҵƻҪˣһҪ´˵и鷳ҪæԣվһߺúÿŰɣ
ˮľǰƿ˵·ɽկҲ˵һ߿űʩΪ
ˮľߵʵм䣬ϸ۲һᣬѸٵһʯǽǰ档
ôˣôͨʯңÿһ綼ָƵɽկʲôס
۾úÿŰɣ˵ţˮľһȭʯǽϣһƵײһ
ǣɽկɫʮѿĿһɫĻǽ֣ȻѸٵıΪУôн磬ô֪
ˮľûɽկıԹһȭһȭĴʯǽϣһ漫ΪصʯţˮľĻ٣һȭ£ʯķУһտʯҳǰ
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㲻ñŷĿ佱ԼȻˣǾ˵ʧˡ
ˮľûз϶Ĺ۵㡣ˮľһСȻûЧôҸôƺ㣿
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ˮľµ֣̲סЦֹȻôûƷζһԭ֡
һвǰôЦԼԳΪɽկͱһһҲϬ˿Կ
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ʣҲһˡ̽˱һŴ۸ӵĻ̽ķˣеó棬ȴ˵ոҡԭֻ֮ķɶ꣬뵽УġҡΪ˵ǱƴֻǣԽǾҵ˿Խ࣬ԼԽ󶯵á
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Ҹ㲻̫ͬǣң㹻ʱԾķԼ֤һЩ顣
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ǲΪǿ󣬶ҴĴʺϤǿϴ˵ҩʦˡΨһӹĴ衣мһһǿܹ̽ǿ֣߳ǣǶֻǶݵĲ˸֮Ҫôع龻ҪôˡϴסΨһʤߣǴ裡


286 ̽
˵˽һĴҶķʡ˺ǲոģҪעĽ㣿
ͷһҪõӡмֵĶվھ˼ϵţµˡαãЦԶǱߡ
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ЦŴԣҲ˵֪Լ㲻㱳ѣжĿʼֻһģʵ飬ģʽı׶ˣ֪ˣΪҵӦԷ̽ԼĳԲŽһι۲ʵ顣Ǻܿϧһʼʵͱƫˡ
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ʬ⾡һ߳ɾͣƲȥʹʹúЧĺľĶӣɿռ䡣ջܷţȡ˱ӡ˫֣ĴӰȫųӡǴ踴Ļ
ĿԶʧҲǱȻİɣ
ûʧˣڲľ֮ǰҷӡ
˵߸ͷҵĹ۲ʵ顣׼һܺõķϧˣûʵʩˣ߸ϣ㵱ʹ˰ɣ
㻹˲鰡
˵Ҳ֪ϱѣҪǲҽҪ飬ɾͲһϲˡ
¡ʵ飿
ǵģһ񰡡ź˵ʲôһѾҵļȫ֪ˡ
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һη¹ʵ¹ʺܸӣ׷ԴˮľԼĵ͹Ӱ֮ɽկΣ̫ǿɽկð̫ʵ뷨ʱû̫ԼֶΡЩķºͱӵһļ˼ʽҲڲͬľͻ£ͬѡ
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ˮľ忴űƺûƴ˼ͷ˵֪ʶĵҶһʼķΣҾûдҪô˼û˵ӦúֻҲףеɽկȻ̳ҵһѧʶǲûкϵŦ׵ǣͬҲȱ˵µû˼Ĳǿнʧһȫ޹˼ɵң̽ɵΣӦñҸ
ȻѾúˡЦ˵۲ʵչ˵ףˣĸͲ˴ӡܹ첻ԼңͬҲܴһĶħǵʰɣ˵ףǾ̽ߣҪû˿˼ɵⷢӵĻܹɵƻȴͲľҹᣡ
ǰôĩĻƷд󲿷ֶ޻̸֮ҲҳһЩȽ˵ͨģرӵв̽磬ܷӵñߣһЩԭȽΣյֶΣҲܹʹõġΣܱȽѣоһЩϸΣյĺϳʱҲǿʵֵġˮľļʶ̽ϴһ˵õ
ˣˮľܽ˵ģǽ䣬Ҳһܹ׼ȷжϳԵɣ˵ףһ壬ֻ־ûйϵƫΪֻƫͻԼһ˱쳵ľޡǣΣҲ֮ˡ
ˮľһ׼ȷڵ״áһݣ̫׼ȷҾҰɽկһ٣ԣһԵģ˵ʲôʱͻ񻯡
ԣҾҪ𣿡
ˮľҡҡͷһ壬˵ʲô֮Ļû塣ʱ䲻ˣôͽɣܿͻıˡ
รջܴ󰡡Ȥˮľ·֣еĲɡ

ʰñ鲻ʵһ˲ʱ䣬䣬ˮľҲСɽկһ޵ݣ޲˵ʽͱĲСڲ츳ϵƫģСϢչȣɽկĲͲԸ㣬ҪƵĲͬʱ˳㽻䣬Ȼ鷳һ㣬ҲˮľϷ⡣
ԳƱķںͱ彻֮ˮľֱӾͽӡáʣµһػأطʮҪ֮ˮľ뿪ˡͨαʣˮľҲ˴ڼ仰ʵ壬ձǾ˼ģ󲿷ֱӡĽԹĸúΣաӰ֮һƷΣǶ־عľǳԶΣʵľˮľƵʵһʹñĻᣬԳԸֲ׳ԵΪðգһλѡ
صӵʱʱ仹̫룬ˮľѵվľӰУľںսѵ
ʹ಻㣬ˮľҲòϣľʵǿȫˮľ󼰵ģرƽʣԲĴ̼֮£ٶȺԣ֣߳д۵İ£κ˲
ˮľԼͷǳĽЩ츳ߣҪ֪ˮľԼ壬ʵҲƣ˻ɹ۵ĲǣԺͷӦʵǲԶˡϵƫʹˮľڵķչû̫Ĺ򣬼ʹڣҲֻǿģʽٶȺļǿѹƶ֣ʵϸûзӳơһ㣬ˮľͨﳤ̡ܶԼĵСӣˣͷӡߵܹڶ̰֮ǰϵļ©ڸûֲ


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·սļңΪΪмսʽֽ׶λǷǳʺǲģҲȴָҪԲˮľľûеķչЩĲ࣬ǲֲ
ˮľûе̫ãɫͽİ·ҲĶԼһҩľ˸к뿪ˡ
Ŀ뿪Ŀһ˲ˮľߡ
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߱˵ɣˣҪȥԷˣô󣬶Ӻö
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˵ǲ֮սӳд۵ţһǲһľһ̿ܲڵʱǴ÷з˹âɵĲˮţȵľľҶҲ
ƺƽʲôرϢ𣿡
ǰһδģжǡɾںϮǼ졣̫ƺǺ˳
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ˮľƲƲ죬׼ȷ˵ӦŲ쵼ĸɣӦ֪ʲôûиԼľΪǰӳе鱨
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ˮľͷĿǰֵøģģˡ֯ǴˣȻжܴ죬ˮľҲûзϡ
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ˮľҡҡͷһ㲻ҪģСӣԼģֲǲ֪ҵĲԾֻлҶΪڶͷۣôҶĶ
Ϊһ̣˵һҲټ
Լôһǵ͹Сӣ츳ǿ̬仯ϸոŵʱ仯Ͱ˴ýҽԺǱ治A˰ɣ˵ܹﵽS
ܣʲôʱ飿
֮ǰɣƺ˳ԲѷŭСӣ
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˺ľͲѾͷˣڻһ¶СӣҵĹҪķˡ
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ܽķۺϵ𣿡
϶ܹģһҿԣϾľ洫ĵҲǼΪ㣬ǲ֪ʲô̶ȡ
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˵⣬ˮľˣòͬ͵ĶЧðɣ
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Ҫһʱ䣬߰뿪֮ǰһ˾Ϳʼɡ
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µúܴһ˴ڷ꽻ӵĴУˮľĵڰ˰ࡣ
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ʱˮľΪĽصľʲôط췿ӶɵúݣִͲܱϴˢˡ
ͷˮļ̌ͷ˿кµĻ̵ܵԭʼɭ֡
ɫˣҸԱĵطϢһɡ̫һⲻ󡣳ðۿʲôʵĵط
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ˮľķԸ˰ۣѰܿԱĳ
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Ҫ˵֮ĻǲҰЩ˿ĺõطҿûô㡣
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ｫһôҲ̫˰ɣ
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ˮľʦศ𣿡
һᡣˮľЦŴûеĻõֱֶҲǿԵġ
˵ţˮľʼӡ޴ĲʼģɫĲǰȻѸٿʼ͡ţɫĲ򽥽ıһɫȻ
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𣿹ȻֱӡŮ־ٴκˡڵĳӶԻʵ̫ˡ
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Ľ̵ˮľ岻֣ڲĲ¹ܲһҰӣϵԼУԼɫδĳɾ˵ߡ
ȻڲǼ£Զೢԣĩˡ
ΪԼĽӰˣеѧòҵĻǿɾЦˡ
ס̴٣ˮľո¶һֻݣȷʵ˴۽磬Ƶ΢ĩ֮ȷʵǳ𺳡
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ͨе棬ӿ˱ۻ࣬δȫȥĿУɢĽζµأ˿ҪֽᾧˣŲ涼ϸļѹ졣
ȸղŵоҪö˰ɣζȻͻɢȥ˹߰˵㣬պϡǸʰһɾĵطɡ
⣬Ҳֻˣÿ˶ܹ췿ӵġĽҰģиڷ絲ĵطͲˡ
ҪҪȥһľͷһѻ𣿡Ů־˽
ˮľҡҡͷҲɲģʪľͷȼд棬ɢѬˡ
εĴˮľҲǷǳİգĶӳ̶ȹƲ㣬ǰŴŵ꣬û뵽صôƫƧ
һʰ֮󣬿ʼΧһ𣬿Ӳĸʵ᲻θڡ
ţˮľʦ񣬻߶ս𣿡
ѵһθ߼񣬳ԶŵĻҲǺܶ࣬ϸڸȤҲ
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B񶼲Ǻ𣿡ȮڣʵǰʦҲC񣬵ǻûʲôΣգֺ൱İ־˵ĳӾŻǡ
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ˮľĵĽѧǵʡЩֵѧǣʵǲˮľ̫࣬Ҫѧһɹߡ
һֱûͣЪԹʱҲˡûڻУ̸ôŤˮľͳһֵͲ򿪣άһܹ̾ĲĿƼˮ׼ִǳĶеġֻֻ£ֵͲĹϣһĪĿֲС
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ֲ֮ĵˣһô죿ȻҪȥɮаΣ
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ʱˮľеֵͲʼ˸˼֮󳹵׵ϨˡǣˮľֹʵȮڣ˵ʲôԺ˵ɣ͵ϻҪ·ҶϢɡ
˴ҹ̵˯ĺ죬ˮľȴǰĻЩ˯š
֮𣿻Ը㶮
Ҫ˵ˮľȤĲ֮ǷɶΡ˵˻мѭĻɶֲֿĸ̫˾ˡϴνɶƬʱսƷֹѪɽҶæռһɶεƬ
ھȫҩ֮ˮľεķ֣ǿĲԣûйϵϸĻȻĳͨˣȻûе׵ĵزھٵ֮ҲɥʧˡôɶάֲԵĹؼؾаؼˡ
ˮľеģȻ漰аͽңȻ֪ͷɶεǲͬһǶЩ̽ĽɣˮľҲǳȤ˽һ
ڶһ磬ˮľһ˹峿µĿôĿ̫һʱ䣬ѾʼįĿʼԾ˷Ҳ̵˹
ˣʰöɡ

ĸ·ƣˣڵĵص㡣ڻ֮߾һ֮СλȻԶ֮ģΪڳ봨֮ĽͨҪϣĿҲܶ࣬ԶСط˲СԶĵطǵķֲżĴ䡣ֵطѾѵõķ֮ˡ
ʢĵطҲǿң۲ϸŮ־ʣ˿·еֵС򣬺Σյʱ򣬻ô
ҪúõˡˮľָָǰСڣȽȥҸطһ״һȥί˽ͷ
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ϵĲ̽ûȡʲôмֵ鱨֮ˮľ漴͵ڰ˰ϣںί˽Ӵ֮Ѿ
ѡСõһùסˮľٿʼ񡣴Ŀǰƺе˳ͷˡ
Թһ˾ۼһ𽻻Ŵ̽鱨ҪĿǶ̵ĶΪˮľҪֻǴЭԱΪֹǿСԳӦ֮鷳Ҫˮľųˡ
鱨˵ˣͿֱǿѣǾͿԻȥˡ
Ȯڣʮֹ۵жš
ȷʵίṩʵ̫ϸˣĿص㶼ϸ˵Ҳܼ򵥣ɨͽѨܱͨȽѣӵĵξ޲ߡǶû˵һж⣬ܶΪڰ˰ÿһˣеĸ֣Ҫܣûйһȵʵܡ
ȮڣжϴҶûҪ˵ʿ϶еģǶ˵£ʱ򲢲ֵãӺ⣬˵Ļ򵥡Ǻ͵ڰ˰жĹ˭Ҳ˵׼
ʱͰίҪ񣬲Ҫ֦ǿԴ̽鱨ǲҪ֡
ˮľҪ˰š
磬̽ʲôϢ𣿡
ȵŮ־˿ڴûʲôرģʹϵһЩˣ󲿷˶ǰﲻãסʱ䳤˺٣Ի֮ʵϤõĽƵ֣ʵ֮ϵô
รϢеֵ𣿡
ǵίˣԭǴ֮ˣòŶӵڲٳʱԼĻﱻߣȻ˳ʧܴΪˣӶߺ͵ºжϤԲľҶˡ
һҲİˮľ˵ί˻ṩʲô֮鱨ˡʱСһ㣬ǵ飬鱨ռӣ͵ɣȥϢ·ˣҲˣϳ
ҸԻطϢˡ
ҹˣˮľеľᣬһʱ䣬ˮľͻῴӡ鷳ͷǵ鷳ҩʦ츳תƵȴʹõĻҪ㣬ģʽܹõģ׼֮޻ת֮ܽǲǲֵŪڹ֮УرǶõǿߣûƽӡò˵һĳɾͣ˰֮ӡˡ
ʱеǣˮľߵǰ˿·Ľֵżиոոϵ֮⣬˻йˡ
ƺ֣ʵĮСطΧǲϤİˣô࣬һˣҲûܹע⵽ɣ
ˮľǵĿҹɫеСİ˵ᣬ´ҶԱ˵ĮģֻǸţֵĵطô
һˣˮľƿΪһȵӰڴСӰ̽Ƿֵĵطܿϧʱ򣬲ʲôˣҲϢˡ
һˮľ룬ת߳СĴţСܱߵļС̽һ¡һΣˮľ㷢һмֵĶ
ÿһ棬żŲͬo仰˵ÿһӣһoͽĽ磬ˮľԵĿһЩѪ׼ĺۼҲ˵ǸװŪļһĵط֮ĽɶطչôȻгͻСܱЩ裬пһЩڶʧߵ
鷳ĵط֪ɶεаڲ档Զа̵ĴӪ֮ɶεϼңô﷢չҲɡǲ֪һ
˽һŵ֮ˮľҲˣʱϸĲ̽Ļûʲô̫ջˡ
һᣬСˮľûоκ˾ͻص˷䡣

ڶһ磬ڰ˰ҴҳԹ֮뿪ӣʼĿصǰ
жУ˵Ҫѵ㣬Ƕ˵ĶĿѸٵͻϮؽһ򾡡ˣжԾͼΪҪڵڰ˰ǿСӣֻҪ⣬Ӧòˮľ֡
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һƬɢϢرԵͣ˷ɱĽŲ
Ȫ֮أлɽôֻʵڲΣж㡣ܹ̽ߵͨͨ洩оѹҪԸǡ


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ð۹۲֮ĿһҲûз֡
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߲ͨ˵˵ʵ࣬߶ͨ˵ʵϵѹʹø涼ȽϿͨ˹ֵɱ¾û߲뵽ǿΪ֮еʱ򣬸ĻԸĺˣһе֯ͽ˽֡֯ǿŻд쵼Ĺٷѹڵڰ˰еȽ⣬ȻƵµ⣬ʹõ˼ѱԲòߡ
ȻûҲͼӿ˽µĲȫǰٶȣһ룬ת˲šһᣬһľΧǽСݵǰ
ҲѹСˣѹôԴȷʵѱơ
ˮľϸĸ֪һ£Ҳûʲô̫ǿĲӦǷԸ
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šŮ־˵ͷҲ˵ˮľʦܿǣǵʵģԷǳķġ
ȻҲܺãֻܾе˷Ĳ£
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ˮľʦʵǿҲôһ˾ôȥôˣ涼ûʲôӦûб֣
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ˮľ۹ﲻһѨһʵأٱƵĲ֤ˮľжϡ
ˮľ̽ʱ򣬲ԶͻȻһ
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ˮľЦЦ˵ҾˣǳԿġ
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ǣˮľʦôˣ鷳𣿡
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˵ףߣҪԴĵԸ޳߲ûУ뿿ٷǿʹߣǳ롣
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صӵĵڰ˰͵ؽɢˮľڻӰ칫¥ŸֵĴ𸴡
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˵ŵĸֱֽߵĳ룬óһļݸˮľ
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295 
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ˮľֻŪһЧȺҩҲǺŷҩоϵľ޴ֵġ
һˮľû˵ѵģһʼȷʵֻǽ䵱þ޴ҩֻǺзҩԲǳУϸеƣҲܹЧƵʱֵͲһҩˮˡ
ȻѾ֪ôô˽ҲйʵɣʵڼͻͽӦҲǰôͰɣôʹҩû˱߸ˡ
Ըֵ⣬ˮľԥһ£ǳˣȻûֱӵĹϵȷʵǰҸæûҩʵô˳ԣ˽µʵȷʵеģҲϣҴû˺κһ顣
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296 
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СӣôˮľݸһЦ
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ˮľڰ˵Ҫģ³ˣҪбһ٣˵Сӣ࿴รǱʦ˰
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297 
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ǲʽĽ֣ˮľҲǵһΡǰˮľȽϼɻԾ鷳˵һˣǿʮֶ˵顣ֻԼʵѸߣսľҲԽԽḻѶȼߵһֶΣĵѾˮľжٹ˼ˡ
ǽģʽãˮľҲ㹻İմùڵǲʵʵĶУˮľû׼ֳʵ̫۸ˡֻǣ²׼õֶΣǲҲǶ֡
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ˮľ壬ϸ˵ٶȼӦҲֻͨ˵йоصۺʣҲǴﵽ̵ĲˡӰûô׵ֵˡ̺̫ٵӰȻ籾һ㣬ʹøֲָԼƽӹ㡣ǲһѸݵĿٹǰ˴ʧ˵ӰһͻΪһɢһա
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սΣӦҲ㼰ʱǺܿϧ㻹ˡ
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ȻΪѧĽеǶԶʱڸһĿԻǲá


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ϵĿ޸񵲹֣󲿷ֿ󶼱ӰԼ壬żײԼҲѸݵĹһѷĿޣһеķȷϣȷʵʵĻ͡
óȻѾʵովͳ˴ǾôԴֲǰ취ۼ˫ۣͫеĹɿתͼͻƻǯơ
дҲƽⲻôǻźˮľ˲õٴδĶ
ܷȴܰѣĻд߰дǸǳõѪ޽磬ҲܵġҲֻܵɱãֻнͲܷƺ̫츳ˣ˻ȫ淢չ
ûõĻడˮľʦǲ˲ü֮Ѫ˿ĺˮӰԼߣѵ˵ִ˵ĻҲ㹥һô
һ˵ŵһ߿ٽӡ漴һţ˷ɢĻӿת֮䣬ܵرǣ֮УڻӰһա
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ˮľȼĴüͷ¶˲ɫ
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ʱĻ֮УͻȻ¶Ϊٵ｣
ǲ｣֮Ǽ򵥵뷨ɶˡ
תɳ۵｣еĹ켣ʮֵƮÿһö｣һ͸˿Ӳٿءˮľϴһѵֶβࡣ
Ȼˮľĵڣˮľ͸˿ˮľ壬˲䣬｣˿ߣˮľΪתˮľţһϸһӰǽֳǧβմȼյС硣
򲻴㲻ȫĻȷʵ˲ҡ
ѸӰһǧת֮䵽ˮľߣһĿĵȻƽ
ǲȵĿź˵ˮľʵôܣ
ܾȣˮľЦЦѪ޽粻ѣһ߼Ҳı䲻ʲôٺõҲҪ㹻Ļȥ֧š
ǧĴǿˮľͨ״̬Ĳܣ治ܱ֤ܹסӲĻ˵ˡҪܹһҪӲǧͻ̣ŷǳߵٶȣܱ֤ˮľӦڸ״̬£һСŶܾͻᵼ·ƫֻҪһ²ܵľͽǶȣǧʱȫò󻹱ƫˡֲˮľ˵ҲǺ鷳ıβ̫ѡ
ˮľ͵һһóʱΪһر͸˿ľͷų󷽣ץס˻ŵ𻨵֡
Ѿ˰ɣĶٻ˲١
ǰսѾܴˣǿʹ˳Ƶǧ˴ΧһǧٴȥĲһܺõˡ
ˮľһѰסĸ΢˲ҪٴתĲʱͣ
ˣһεΪֹɣ㻹Ҫƴһ
ļеˤȻƲƽơ
ܵ˵ɵĲǿˣ


299 ԱȵĲ
ǲģԶȱֳĸأ粻ѵУ͵ˡҵսʱƣȫһ֧ţһиҲƲסԼˡ
սһԹ۲ľҲʱ֣ˮľһ𣬽嶼е㲻ܿƵһ֮¡
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ĿǰǱӣ̫ƴµġƲǧʹòĻδ˵˼˫нǧʵսἼõúþɱﵣвؾǱ˷ΪʲôˮǰҪľǧΪӡҪֱ߸ͻ̵ķ̫û򵽵ˣͻᱻ˳Ʒ˶ܶҲֻдһĶ̬֮²ܺܺõʹǧ
һᣬˮľ֮£תͬʱָһֹͣ˻ļʶĶҲʼƽ
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ˮľóˮҵݸ
ȵɣûʲô󰭣Ϣһɻˡ
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ο˵Һˮľʦĵʱ˵ľҶ̣ǿӦþˡ
ҺΣ˶򲻹
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˰̾˵ʱʱͨ㲻÷ϣҪǽִͨ޼ʵĻҲ̫۸ˡȥ㻹Ƶġ
е㲻ĵ˵սпɲͨǲ۸ˡ
˵ҲеΪѵͷ˵ͨ޴иӵ鷳Ҫҵͨ޵Ļ治ףʵõĵܹҵһЩ
ôеĵ˵š
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ʦи⡭ؼҵ·ϣƺеݵԥ˵ˮľʦ˭Ƚǿ
ôȤʵҺˮľ˶˵޷ԿĴڰɣ룬ǻشһ״̬£ӦҪǿһ㡣ˮľģʽĻҿѷһҲ޷Կ㲻þҪõֶˡ
νֶΣָľͲдˡ


300 
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Ļı˼֡˼úֻҪսɿҪǿǣԼǱģʲô
ôˮľʦҪԶԸ
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ѵɫ˵ߵȼĻֹ֣̣̺̣ʵϵĲ࣬Ҫء
̽׶ΣѧУô˵ɣһȺȴ񣬻ЩʦصĶ̵Ͱ֮ķúܵһȺֻǳ｣֮Уд۴Ӯǣжٳɾ͸У
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Ȼе㲻ģǲòͷʾͬ⡣
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ˮľʦǸӰʦô
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˵ţ˿һʧȻ˵
֪ӰоˮľǿҲûˡȻƺͷӰĲҲһСɣԲ仯Ӱ֮󣬻ữ޴׶ݱըҲǲֶˡ
ܲӣҿѧ𣿡
ȽǧǧϰðɣѧϰҲǺкôġ
ΪľҶʦľɲֻḴƣԭ׶Ҳ൱ó˽ǲѧϰǲġ

ڶһԶŵĺӡȻ֪һᵽˮľȻһЩźƺԼһ̾Ӣ˴ϼˣͬҲľҶ峬ĸ߼СԵꡪQҳ˸ʹ죬ѵô󷽵ҲʹĽӹ˵ľ⣬ŵøȥһȭ˳ôҺúõһѡ
ǰϵľۻᣬҲ񽻽ӵ˼ɣҲӻӶȹΣյĽ׶ΣԺҪһ֧ľҶˡ
ЩпˮľĿŰ׷Ҳ߳ľҶ塣ԶĻӰϣֵĵҲҪ깤ˡ


301 
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ͨȡеϸȷһ߷ǳ塣͸Ϣʵϣڵϸˮƽǳ͵״̬ظ֮ȽԵĻŴҶΪֻһˮʬ塣
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ţˡˮľ忪ĵ˵һ쵽ֻдţҲΪˡ
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ǽڵҪ飬඼źˣЩˣͿʼ׼һɡ

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ˮľǰƺܸˡ
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һʼȫҩúЧԭ֮ˮľһֱΪģΪ˽⣬֪мֵоΪ˴޵һ֮ǰܹסԼ
ϸ⣬ԭʵܺ⣬ÿлԵϸзѴƵģɵĸԴŴϢȾɫϡÿϸУȫĸһϲĹؼ
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ȾɫĹɷʽΪDNA˫ṹǰÿ΢еѧʶ˶֪ˡϸڵDNAƺϳɳӦʣĸ֣ͬʱϸҲ᲻ϵķֻѣγһ١
ǣDNAʲôһɲĶƵĹҲȽ鷳ңÿһϸУDNAĸƶ״DNAУܻΪָԭʧһ֣״̬״DNAŴʣҲȻᶪʧĩ˵Ķ
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Դ䵽ˮľϺΪо׾ϸ֪ˮľپԴھֵ֤ˮľȵķ֣׾ϸѺDNAûжĥļ󣬻仰˵׾ܹѧʵ
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ˮľõϢϿɣڶͿʼ׼ˡԭͼƻõĲ裬ˮľǰͿʼ׼ˣڼʹʼҲֲ
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ˮľЦŴδ˭Ҳ˵׼
͵һˮľ̬Ѿúˡ
ǻźһҪʹô
ԴˣˮľʵΪֻ˵̫һ㡣
¹⼲Ĳ棬ǲ˾˻ķɶ꣬ģֻڷɶͻ֮һ͸ӽǸǶԿ̫Ѿ˺۵ķɶʵΪˡ


304 䶷
΢ʵǾ˵ַֹֻ˷ɶ걻Ƕûа취ô
źһΪȷѡ񣡡
һֵ׳˵ʵ̫пˡǺƽÿΪ˶۵߻һЩġ߱ϾһΣְҵ·Ҷ׼ˡ
ʱڵſͻȻһȻîϦգһֻϻһɢζࡣ
𣿼ٵˣ
𣿡ˮľЩΪѵش˵δѲ⣬û漣ĻսֻẦ
ʲ¹⼲磬Ϊشθһֱ⣬֮תԭΪһľҶʦʹ˵û뵽ᱻҩʦˡ
ֿ¶ѹɫîϦ˵չ˼ɣȶͲҪˡ齻ҽưദˡʲô⣬Լʱ֪ͨҡ
˵꣬תͷˮľ˵Ҫ˵
ľҶ¥̨ȻǻɹʹĺõطڲᣵУˮľ͸ڽ̸
Ҫȥɡֿżɽ˵
˵
һ£ǺܼǴӹؼĽάϴɭִ©Ҳϣٴη
²ôˮľΪѵ˵飬Ӧýɽ߰ɸֱִӾֲűȽϿɿɣ
б䡣ɫÿ˵ӳ˴ǲּ̣ﲻ֪˶Ҫ鱨ķǧٿףҲǣʵ˵˰ɣȻͷӴһЩˣʵ׼һλޱϼһҲ㲻ʲôЩ飬롣
ޱϼһָ־ŲأȻӰλõĸ֣ʼŲ¶Բһֵееᷳˡ
֮Ḷ́һ޷ɡ
Ҫ¹ף㽫ΪʣʱһҪԽΪ׼ʲôش©ҪЭơ⣬вָԵɵ⣬¼Ȼұ档
ס
ˮľǴӦˣǺܽһɵ񣬽Ҳν
˺ԽžˡҪǵڶ¡
ֶ˶˵巢ЭֹǴһߵ˽ж
ѵ̣
ˮľȵʵ飬ӣֱĪ
ǣ˵ꡣ
ִˮľʣ˵
һǿӲ䶷ɣԼº̿ԣвһ뷨ɿͬߣͼһ£ĿֱָǴٰ̿ԡ
䶷ÿӶٲ
ˮľε˵
ºܸӣĿˮӰϢ䶷һʵǿ̡
̣ѵ˵һλʦ
ûִĽдûжϾһһĽŲľҶľ˷ï󣬾ôʲôĽʦˣΨһеϣ¹⼲ӣ
ľҶԻͲٵǣλĸ֣˭
ôƺ
֪𣿡
ǻǸֵļһˮľҲее㲻ð졣
ʵǿ
ȷʵǺǿԸľ͵ˡ
ʱˮľ˵֣Ȼûм棬Ҳ֪һǿӲսĸ֣вٳ׷ߣ൱Ҫʵڤ˲٣˵ԽһˮӰλáȻˣڷâ¶ԸҲֻ֧ڶ࣬ûܹô˵ǰѪ֮磬͵ߵĽǶʤ߾͵֧ߡ
ʲô
ɿͬţֺѹˣֻģΥˮӰ˽뿪˴ӣĿڹ׼ɱľҶʹߡ
ɱһʲô˺ϵи֮⣬ľҶ֮ǳУõɿ̿ԾҪˣ
ȫǳ޵ļһòҪԳƶϡ
ʲô˼ץס
ˮӰ̿ԺӣôһǰƻλġϵܲҪľҶΪ
Ҫʲô
ֳҵʹߡ
ҿʲô̶ȣ
Ҫ
ָĵߡ


305 Ե
˵Ƚ˷ʱ񣬵ʵʲôҪɵġά£һļǴҪģֹֽŲǵһҪڵڶҪԱ˵᲻ɳսױɱķϲģľҶңҲʱ򣬻ҪϢɳʹʲôʱľҶźԵİšȻˮľһ㣬ȥһûߣʵ̫˷ʱˡ
ǣʱеˮľҪ񣬾ǽ̵ѧ̵ӣн̵ԱҪ˵ΪʲôԱҲҪ̣ƾǿĻúòΣ°뱲ӿֻܾܵһˡ
ˮľʱԱһŮ˹
ˮľʦô
Ǹˡˮľ˼˵ղ˵ʲô
ڰ˰ı仯ܴأ־ˣҲǰŶˡ
ϦպЩп˵
ǵʶʵҲû¡ǺʦµĻá
Ϧպҡҡͷ˵㲻ùάңԼôġȻ˺ܶ취ʵЧ̫ãǵṩİޡ
ʦ̫ǫ˵ʵڵģЩߣôѧϰʵҲҪǹָֻšΪʦõľǣһŽĶ飬һѵãҲʡ˲£ûʲô鷳ѧ˿ĵ顣
Ҳϸô
ϦպЩο˵š
ϣʦܹĿЩСһﻹǺϲģʱҲᱧԹ̫أ
ǵȲһһˡϦպҡҡͷź˵ЩлļһҾ֪ˮľʦҸʺǣ˵ǰǻЩĻڵĵڰ˰Ÿܹһߣ־Ͷ͸ţ޷ǵġ
ҲǸ˽ѧĲɣҪЩѧ㹻㡣
ΣҾ֪Ҹǵʦ꣬Ҳൽ˽ˣȫǹҲҪΪˣʱʦʲôľͲҪˡ
˵ŵϦպЩοе˸УԼѧܹ׳ɳȻ˿ģǴ󲿷ֹͺԼ޹صĻ൱ɥˡ
ڲǰ·ժ˹ӵˮľ˵Ҳ˵̫׵Ļοֻתƻ˵
ʦô죿
ڵĻŲʺˣڴһ£ִ˴񣬸һѧɰɡ
Ҳãڴ͵Լһ١ʱҲôµʲôɣִʲôأ
ˮľЦ˵
ִ˱ǲ²ȭͷĸ֪ġ
Ҳأ
ʮβһȭſ£ˮľģʽҲһ
˵Ц͵ɣˮľʦѧˣһ£ˡ
صѧȻԸҲ뿪ˡ
ȥкôǻͦġ
ˡ
Ϧպڰ׼뿪
ˮľʦڣҲˡ
ȻסˮľҲǿ󡣶ϦպıӰ˵
ʱ仹Ƕɣ

ȮڣЭŮ־˵ϰǸһˣƣߵ̱ڵϢ
ˮľ˼һ£ûʲôᵼİˡ
־ˣĽչҪһ㣬ǺͳЭͬսָܴܹӳǧĳӵ㣬һĶӦò⣬ʵͳϣЧǺܺãһ㽫ǽѵص㡣
ĲԼΪһȻŴҲòſ̫Ĳԣ֮µ㹦ͨпɣ̫Ч̫ˣԺҪע⡣
ȭҲϤһ㽨飬Բοһ¡ĻҲһλĸס
˶٣ˮľ˵ȭıͬģÿ˵츳سһԿóģΡʵʱģǿ߲ҪôԼ·ˣ
ǣˮľʦ
ǽ͵ɣҲҪɳжȡȥú÷һ¼⡣
˵꣬ˮľͻȻʲôŮ־ʵϴθǸᣬ𣿡
Ů־˵ͷѾˡ
ܺáˮľóһСɵľ˹ȥٿʲô⣬ңĶڻͨͿʽѧϰĽˡ
ˣŮ־ˮľȻʵѧϰҪ׼𣿡
Ļ˶ʵһ£ûʲôرˡ


306 쳣֮
Ů־˵سʮֵԣֻ֮ͨҪϺȾˣȻΪ䷢չص㡣
Ľ̵ˮľΪͨԵӦϣˮľĵãϷӡͽͨŮ־Ҳһ൱Ĳ䣬ڸбŷ־ˣ˵ⷽĻвĽչ
ڰ˰ʵֲˮľʵ̫ˣͨȮڣس࣬ȡȴҪ̫Ҳ򲻳ʲôϡûУȫŮ־˵ĲٿسӵʹƼڻǾ͸ˣʲôûСֻһ㣬ˮľﵽ˷ѵĳ̶ˡִΪǼӵϵĿƴĶ飬ʵ̫Сӵķ׼ˡ
飬ˮľܣֻǣԼȻ˵ڰ˰ʦֲܹһȱݻǺõģȻŮ־ԸҪѧ㶫ˮľȻ䣬ѧ٣Ϳıˡ
ˮľķԸɢ֮һ氵ˮľǰ
ˮľ񡣡
˵꣬һ˹
ˮľӹϸ˿ʵִ˻ʲôԸ
ʹ߻ǰľҶҪǰ񡣡
ǰ죿Ǿ˵Ҫˣˮľ˵ʲôЭ˵ǣģ֪ôܹȷҪһ鱨
һ㲻ܣϾ̣ͨ岻ṩ̫ϸ鱨ǵġ
ôң
ЭԱֻǴ˸ϹˣҺôﻹʶ̡
̣ˮľһ㶣ŻȻ򣬡пͳʮɵߣôˣǻûлȥ
ȥΪЭԶһʱ䡣
ˣϣ˲Ϻȡ
ʵˮľûʲôҪԼһ˾㹻ˣ̱¶٣ǳʲô鷳þеľҶΪѡ
ûˮľıԹ鱨Ѿˮľͷʾһ£Ȼת뿪ˡ
Ħһ°ݹ鱨ˮľԴһˡˮľˡԣҲ͸ˮľѶȣһˮľ¶˱ʶʮָߵ󣬱Ȼᱻ֡һͺˡ
ΪӰŮ츳ĺǰսӰ˵Ľɫġʵ¶ʮбҪģκ͹ϵľҶ򽻵Ҳһչ¶һᣬʧˣҲ˵̫ܹȥΪӰĳЭΪһݻҲǾľˡ
ϴõϴѵǴζ鷢δõģˮľöֻ֪ǣһʮڹӶ壬ĿӰҰľʵоһμң£̫Ĳμ̽Ļѵ˵ҲǸо̽粻ͬѰı仯˵βѾץסˣ
ڸ쳣ˮľȫǵʲôʱģ侭Ҳһ֪˼ǵµ֮⣬ûκӡ
ö֪ˮľҲ޷׼ȷжϣǸӵضĴڣҰ¶β֮ǰ˭Ҳ֪̾һβغ׵˵ץȡһܴ飬ˡ֯ʵΣ֮ǰԻѡضѰ˽½Щ¡⣬Ҳˡ֯ƵĻᡣ
бҪ̽һ̽ĵôԴһ½һʱ䡰֯жǿȣ
ˮľеģδﵽʵ۷ĺͳǸ̳ĴӰ֮λǿߡֻ²ǺܺòĨۼȽѣֻܼ¡
ǸˮľǺܵģϤ˵̰æӦò鷳ֻ࣬ʲô˽£Ͳôˡ

磬ˮľ괺ҰӣĹ֮ʵѵУ뺷СŮָˮľһš
ŵĲܣȭͷҲؾάֶ״ô
ˮľòɣ֮ӣǲǸ˵ļһ
뷨ܺãʵЧҲֻǣɶȻûﵽʵսĵز
ϣܿԴκβλʩ磬˫֣ͷȭͷ⣬ϥǣ˫ţСӣԴìӦҲǳǿֻûãûˮľѣԼһʵ˾̾
ңŵص㣬ںʱ仯ȫԲοˮľУ粢ڵĿȸѧϰһˮľβ޻սʽ


307 ʾ
СӣھⷽǱҲǲУһĻҪѧϰĶ̫ˣԭѾķӡϻҽҪѲʱѧϰͻ۲ܹģҲǷʵ
ټҪϺܳʱϰԭĻҲ֪Сӣܷܲ㹻ʱô顣ΪһڲʽߣҪʱһЩͼѶȶǺܴ󣬵˷ʱһ㶼һ侭زٵһ֡
ˮľһʱûȷĿ϶Сӣˮľ˼Ϊֺ˼ڳĳɹãɵʵ
Ҳûʲôǰ;𣿹ȻһʱĶǲС
һʱ𣿡
ˮľҡҡͷҪⷽ淢չҲ޿ɺǣֻҪܹĹΣҲûʲô
δ𣿡
ҲòһĹʹ޴Ҳֻʵǿ߲ѧûᡣ໥ɾ͵Ĺϵ
˵ţˮľվָѵԶһž
лδɵҿԸʾһ£ȻҲʱ仯Ȼ޴ҲҪ˵ص㡣
ˮľǰٵľۼȻһ㵭ɫĻܣţɫ𽥱۵ɫһ˷ɢȥƵĴҰӣò˼
̬仯ʱ仯ĽϣǾ󲿷ҪʺԼѡǣÿ˵ⲻͬɵĽҲྶͥͱң̬ܵ仯γ˲ܣԲʱ仯Ǹ£ôγֻûʲôʵսֵҲˣҿɫû˵ˣԼҪȱˡ
ţˮľǰĻ滤Ѹٵĸı״öȻˮľĿУԶľžҵĻ汬һžɣȻѸٵıճɻҽ
Ļݣ
ҰӣĽ˵
ˮľЦЦ˵ʵǸͷʧƷûʲôֵ
ʧƷɣô󣡡
жҲˮ֮ĺʹõĻݰɣô
ˮľĻʱôҰӣƿԡ
Сӣشˮľ˵ʹ鷳һС£ǷѾ˼ȴֳɵĻǿʱֻΪ㴴ֻ˷ʱѡ
ˮľ˿˼ĴҰӣȻ˵뷨ܺãǣܲܳɣҲȷֻǣϣ㲻ҪڳԣΪԤδܻʧܴ㲻Ļ취Ҫѧϰ
ˮľҸ棬ôҰӣԥһᣬʵ᲻þʹͣԼʮսʽ
һԡ
һǿĴҰӣ˵
׼ô죿ɲ˵˵顣
׼Ӱϰʦ˵Ӱһô
ҲӦ֪һ˵һ˫нõòõĻԾ˺ܴ󡣡
СӣϰԲʱ仯ʱ򣬾ˮľ£Ӱ׹ܣҪʹøӰУǾͲһСˡȻˮľڵϢİ£гĴҰӣȻܺȣֻҪ̫ӰǸġ
һͶӰʱϵѹ͸ˡҲľָ£Ӱ｣ʱĴҰӣô̫һ㡣
ӣˮľıСӣ⣬ҲǲסԥһᣬˮľóһݸСӣ
ʲô
һͷӡһ֣Ҫ֮һľЧ
ˮľ͵
Ӱ֮ľƣһĻãҪӰĻü
ֺö
Ұӣϲ˵
ʵĲߣߵĵ·ϣȻиѡѡԭͣӴ̫磬¾ֻʣһ㹦ܣҲǲСֶˡ
Ӱ֮鷳ˮľԼҲӰʱͬʱɵľƣɸӰɵľ޴
ͨӰһص㣬ֻҪܵһǿȵĹͻữΪʧʱ֮⣬һһȱˡ
ǣˮľȴôӰΪ־죬ʧȻὫм͸ܴݸ塣֮ܵʧҲԱ⾫ܵһ˺һɺϻΪ֮Ĩܵľ޴ô


308 
ҪˮľΪʲôôΪΪԼͱúõĽһ
ǲľҶʱԼɳɽկΪ˱ؿֵһգʹֱڻˮľ¡
Ӱܹʱʧܱʹ࣬ûмܹܵġɶʹĸܸ֮µıϾֻ
ԹһδˮľǵһҪͷЭͬսɱʱ򣬱ܾ޴ľ˺һʱӦĻͱ˫ɱô
Ϊ˷ֹٴγˮľòһԤĴʩ
ΨһоܵģǾۻ귨ˣӡ̫޴ͷԼϵĸĽҲʱı䲻ⲻһսüܵʵ
ѣֻ˲ֹܵ£һС͵ķӡȻЧۿۣƽӰľҲ㹻ˡȻԻӰۻľƣЧҲǺܲģºϢĻκθš
ôãСӣ̯ῴһۣ
ʵ˲ԡ
޷ľ۳һ̵ֹ˺ķӡô
᲻ᡭ
Ұӣæַϣʦ㡪ϲһ㣬ͨʱĽҲˡ̽磬һЩֱȽǳֱ֮⣬΢еɫһǽеԽԽã
ľǧУؿȸʲôľͲˣǲǸתȶ޳ܵĳʨ֮£ˮľʵ̫ˡ
ûоͺá
ˮľСӣ򿪾ᣬȻ˵
ǸʹӰϰʱվ棬룬ͻγһϱ㡢ƽҵľ񲨶ʲôʱܹѧȻӡԼϿҲͲҪˡǰùģڲҪˣ͸ˡ
ллʦСӣ˵Ľڲѧô
㻹ѧϰ񻹲أˮľѵԭ׼ӡһʱ̸ģڸʹֳɵģֻǻѧϰѹм޵ģʮӰҪرע⣬ҪԼ̫ѹ
֪ˡ
Ұӣϲ̵ش
ˮľĻСӣǲȫŵġԼһЩ⣬ܼ򵥵ľͱˮľȻ̾ߴȡһᣬٸԼôͽˡ
Сӣʦδ޵Уܹѵ飬ѾˣҲһ˵иõĶֻҲˡ
ǰûʦʹùںʱ仯ôչ֪ô
ʲôֵģ飬ǰǹֻǺûɹѡ
˵̬仯Ϻԭʼܱȣںϲʱ仯ѶҲӦ׵öࡣֻǣľܽԲʱ仯裬ȻԴǧóɹˮľҲûޣòʵ飬ʧˡ
˵ȫʧܣֻһ߰ĳɹʵûʲôãһ߼ݺáˮľҲûСԷ١Ȥֻ÷˻Բܵ뷨תʼڶԡ˻ԣˮľͬڹķԾͲǺܿˣˮĶѡһУΪֲܹȿǡ
ֻǻˮľڶɣģʽɹˣˮľҲؼŪʲôԲܡڸӺõǰͨʵûʲôơͨ׵˵ϸߴˣҪɶг
ûɹŶʦûԣԲŲ𣿡
˵꣬СӣΪеĵͷ
ˮľҲûо˼뷨̫ĵ˵ȻһҲᣬôѧϰĽȣɾͲˣʱͨ͵ħѵĴɣ

֮ïܵĴУˮľдУʱ䲢ȣ˵ٶҲǺܿ졣
κˮľʦҪһϤˣ֪ܲܺúô򽻵أ
ĳʮɶˮľ˵
Һܺ˵𣿡ˮ֮ڸвǺǿԼڱлǱȽϺýġ
ˮľʦ˵Цˡ̾鷳ץˡ
ţץˮľͷڨЦĳʮ˵ǲǸʲôҽӵֹɱȻҪĻҲһԣ
ǡ
Ҫ˵ˣʮɣ
ḻ̿ʱֹ˳ʮɵĻ
ǸˮľʦΪˣ鷳ȻֻԮ֮ǰҪˮľʦˡ
ѱϾֻѣľҶ̸и񣬿Ժ໥ϷҪ


309 ֮
Ǹѱ嵽ʲô˲õĹڣˮľһҲȤڲ񣬸ԼûκιϵܹĻˮľǲֵġ
ʹߵӦˮľԽ̽ԺԼǣٵһˣûκε˽˾𣬹¹õѡ
ʶʱûͼˮľϽ鷳棬ˮľҲûΪ̵˼ʹǳʮɣˮľҲСһֻǾ̫ٶ˵˻ѡոռ̳ûõ꣬ߴ֮·ʽ̫˽⡣бչĹߵ壬һˣôӵߴ򽻵ˡ
ҹŵСùˮľѾмˮ˼
ˮµϸˮľûõˮһֱдֻǳ֮أЩȽϴҪ⣬ˮľû̫ϡ
ڿˮӦڲ֮ˮľս֮󲻾ãͱһܻˡ㹻ľооо£ҩʦˮоĽչԶԶԼ
ˮǸ൱ʵõܹƣ״ֱ̬ͨˮֲģܵˣֻҪǵˮ£кܴļܹĻָ
ˮ֮һʵ̫ǿˣ˲ܴ㣬û̫ı׶ˡοĸǲҪ۵ģĲһʵ㲻ʲô
ֻǺܿϧֻǲȱ汾˵ˮľʱòϡ
ûˮƫˮľҪҪ൱൱̶ȵˮԲʱ仯һˮľʱڽ޳ѧϰļƻ
ÿߵĲԣǴгһǺȻеĸȻҲƵͱӵˮԲģһûлԣϰڶԣҲȽѣ෴Ҫ˳öࣻӦģΪߣϰˮԲʱ仯ʱ򣬾ҪҪѸŬܳɹ
ȻҲʱԵģ׾ٵĨƽֲ˵ֻˮľҲˮΪһǷҪɵ˷̫ʱ䡣
ˮľȤ塢ˮ֮䣬ʵ໥֮תġĿеĻǲǿƵ
ˮòˣԲʵ̫Ծˣû취̬ȶˮȣҲ࣬ô̬Ҳ̫ȶӲ˻áжŲóôأˣô黯֮
ˮľͻȻǰԼעֻǣŸֵ˼ٶϵֱӾû˻ˣûֵĿܣԼҲͽĵˡĿӰҲùһƵǲͬһö֪ӷϿ黯֮Ӧݣֻǣ黯֮ǺˮһԻԵľô̫ˡ
翵궼ܹתҲûôѲŶԣԼô˵ֱתȽѣܷһ̽û˵ĻԿ
ŵˮľƽ׼ԿͻȻɫһ˷ɢ˼
һᣬˮľűˡ

űƿһ࿱ˮľǰ
ˮḷ̌ǸϢˡ
ûϵôˣʲô𣿡
ڰ飬ˮľ̸̸
е˵
ʱ򣿡ˮľ˿ɫðɣɣ
ˮľʾ£ˮľˮľ̵һ衣
̫ˡӹˮ
ˮľ£Ȼɫʵ
ʲô£˵ɣ˵ϵˣָʾ
Ȼˮľ̡ЦЦ˵ΪԼ⣬ѷѾǴΪʧ񡣵ǣҲûа취飬ʵϳ鲻ֹ̫
ˮľûв죬ĵſһˮȻ˵
ӰٷϴˣһһЩ޷£ԭǲӦöģڤ˸ոմţ˵͸¶һľҶ壡ʵǣͶ뵽βץȥˣʵҲ֪ˮӰԳ֣ȻĻҪ׷βĿԺСƫƫһ޷;ϵ飬ˮľҲܹ⡣
ˮľͷͬʱҪǲĴӲġ˳һؾβ޵ս࣬ɲ˵Цġ
ʱ׷ǼĻǾͱ̴ˡ


310 
׷ֹͣһȷ϶βϬȮȨĶͣĻñƵӵ˿ᡣ
ӵҪôصúܺãҪǱֵĻһ粨
ˮľûκɻɫɵÿЦȻβϢѾ֪ô̽
ˮľЦЦûп϶ҲûзϣɵöԷȥβȻսףɫһʮͷ꣬Ϊ˶ίݱļһ¶еľٶֻҪˣҪ쳣ʵס
෴һӵβϣͱϵĶ࣬һɮ˵߱̽磬Ҳױ֣¶ŵǾ޽УӵϢʵʵҲβȻսжǿȴץס֮һ
Ȼˮľ֪Ҳ˵ˡɫε˵Ȼʱ˲֣ʵϣûаܹץס
รˮľе㾪ʵ֪ǿǣǿ̶ȣ
ⲻԷƱʵΪ
еɥ˵
ʦȻԣ壬ܻһЩĬĬŵǽտĸ֡еٮٮߣڼǰݵĳй̵֮һĳ룡
̵ǾŴֻ˼Ѿзˣ
Ϣ̵ںܶǰؿĸסشŶݼ֮֮󣬱˲أ̵ʹ˴ܴ죬ҲðŶݼһռ¡
Ϊ̵ʹ˳ţһֱ£ɽޡҵٲնٴǰǲ̵
ôļУҲ̳ߣû뵽ǺܴȻҲպյĸеһԱ
ȷʵڳг룬ǲΪʵڵʸ񣬶ѴĵС

ǵġ£֪̿ܲǶʶǿֲϳз롣ǲ֮˵У
Ϊʲô
Ҳֻʱô˵ģ̫ĵУֻ谭Լĥ֮İʯ
ʯ
ˮľ˼δĽʦ
Լ˰
ߣ֮Ҳˮľвɵð仰ٲ˶ĴˮľͨԽǡ˵衱ĵͣǲһ֪ؿһ̲ͣǿഺѪδһĵķʽ
ĽʦԶǼ֮־иɻĳ̶ȣеִͲʲôܹҡǵ뷨
Ǹ֡
ʱڣˮľжϳˣ˲ԭô򵥡ʹȲľؿҲϦպ½ǿö࣬ܺԳɰ˹ڲ֮䡣
ˮľ˼ҲûдˮľعŽ˵ڻûԮУֻһ½̣Ҳ̡ҵʵ̣ǲôõģԮҲûٻᡣʮɵһǱ˲ţϵҲ൱вֻ̫ˡ
ԣҾͳָ𣿡
Ȼ˲ģȷʵֻǵĻֹֻܵԼȥˮӰˣûʲôܹܵסˡ
̣ʵǿ׷Ҳ١ǰ˵ĳߡҪһڤ˵Ĵ̽սΣľһᱻˮӰλá
ǾԲܽƳ̵ģһڤֲɵȻ¡
̽Ӱеڳһûеˮ׼֮ϵǿˣ
ˮľԥʱ򣬴⴫һצײڴϵ졣ˮļ̌ͷһһֻСɵèͷӥڴǻҪɽ
нˣڲӰԭʱһᾡæֻǣϣ̶ϸڱܣҲҪɵ飬Һܲˣ
ףǱģ
ˣԷһССҪûвӦĵ
ˮľ򿪣èͷӥ漴˽ڴ̨ߵϡ
ҾͲˮľϢˡ
˵꣬˳ȥֹ뿪
ˮľ⿪èͷӥϰŵСֽ̯ϸ˿ľҶϢ
֯Ҳ£
ԽԽ鷳ˣһʵԤĽʦҲˣҪնϡ֯չԱĺô


311 ˷
ץβ޵жܴ죬ĳԱܣһǿһһȺں֮ڡ֯ܵĴνⲿԹʱ˲ãڵĻͲò˻ɣ˸̥ڲŽ֮⣬ǲǻʵǷȱԵʡʵĲ֣Ҳǲ
ֻǣʱ֯ӦûǳŰɣô޼ɵ£ˣҲʵ̫ˡǲĴĿˮӰʸ֣Ӫ꣬ʲôõóֵͷȻ֪֮ꡣҲֶֻ֣벻ᱳ֯ôаʹи֯ġǰҲΪ̵ھġСɣ
ϳе鱨̫٣ˮľҲ޷жʵ鵽ôġƾϢ͵òʲô鱨Դ沢ûд˫ǲô
ٴϵĻλ˭
Ժ֯͡ԱˮľѾǰôųˣһһĵУҲֻǲԼɵһ㣬ȻǲĻˮľҲǺӦģֻܿء֢ߣ᲻Լ˷Լıͫ˵˵ĻǴ򲻹ҲֹԼֻҪˮľߣģʽԻˮľļһһ
ڽеķչҲûˮľ̫ģȻҲӰˮľ˯ߣڶһ磬ˮḷ̌ͬûʲôһȻƽ̤;
ǰһ컹żĳʮɣڱøӵĳĬԣʹżἰԼĻ⣬ҲֻǺЦһЦ̿Ǻˮľϼ䡣ȻʵܲǺǿǱϾҲ̴֮һ̡Щ֪֮ҪǿöࡣḻҲˮľ޷׳̫мֵϢ
Ҳ˵ʵҲѡһͷˮô
ˮľеֵʵ
ǵġЩε˵˵͵ߣʵ඼ʦĳߣȻʦûͽڴܶ߶ָܹݣֻҪ־ڽߣûв֪ġֻǺʮǰһαʣʦ䣬ò׽ˡ
䣿ˮľӦһ䣬̫ˣսʵǴ¼һôһΣԼܽܣӶıԼΪ˴ķʽش֮ؿǲ֮ľĪˡ
ԶҲ˵ãԴԺʦʼøӵҲøӵĲֶΡȻܶ˲ϲĸı䣬Ҳ֪ǰ壬ʵݲ磬෴ܶͬļߣʼۼʦΧ
ˮľͷѪ֮ı£սɱʲô⡣
ӿܺ建͹ϵһ㣬̶ܶܲʦͷˮӰ֣˵ҲǺ̵ܶ뷨ֻǼȻˮӰѾ˾⽻ҲܳϦģҷԻȻѹӦþʹ˽ŶԡǶʦϧΥҲҪһУʵ˷ѽ⡣
̵жܲϳô
ˮľ׷ʵ
Ȼȷشʦ֮ǣҲԲǲ֪صˣûһ˻ʦᱳѣһʵ̫ˡ
ˮľѾˣԳɰ˹ĿӰΪ϶ĿҳߣûһԳɰ˹ᵱ̡
֮ƣ̺ĿˮӰڤ֮ĽֻǻгɼҲֻͣϵĳ̶ȣɿ߱ﲻҲֻǡδ족״̬
ΪҪǣֻΪľҶеԭòʱ͹ϵľҶûǩκͬԼô𡪡֮ĺͽңңڣ翵δֵðôķɱʹߣʵš
ʲô˵Ļ
̫δ֪ʱˮľһЩ̫õԤУûʲôͷܾûˡ״൱Σաˮľԭ̬ȣʱһ˿衣
ֻǣҵ֮ǰˮľҲû̫ͷʲôԭ˲ĵҪðжȴס֮ˮľһҪú
ң滹Ų岻ġ֯ͼıʵڻ˷Ĳ£ʲô˲á֯˿أӿĻҲƶϲʲô


312 ֮
ˮľĿе⣬Ѱ˼ѸҵʸףԼĺĵʱ
ľҶ壬־ŲؿϺòõֵļüͷ˰졣
ȫ𣿡
һڵϵİǡ
ҲҩãʼĻˡԺŪ־Ͳ̫ˡ
ûͨˮľҩԴͷ¡ڰռһЩȫҩ֮󣬺Ų̿ʼʹá֮󣬾ͷҩ쳣Ȼ̾Ϳʼ˶ȫҩʵͷʵ֤Ȼʲô˾֯ҲԲǺ޵̣ϵͳоӵдԴŲأܿͷҩá
ҩȻôþˣȻʧΪһսԼĳҩ㹻Ĵ֮ľҶյ̽еغԴٴһ̽սԸ̽綼Ȼ塣
֪ҩ֮ŲزֹһεĻҪԼϻӰλãõҩԼõ룬˵׵ʵֻ֡ǺܿϧУᣬҲ˳ĸ֣Ŀѡ
ûзŲأΪֲҩһЩȱݣȡôģļһʱ뵽Լž޵оߡ裬ϧգҲҪյϣˮľŲֻһӬӪ˶ˣʮͣµµΪõִҩҲֻһʱĽҶѡ
ûŲûƹ츳ҲûκδеͨߡУˮľֻһ˵ķߣһķߡһоǴȽϿס
ֻû뵽⡣͵ʴ׵ŲػصľҶʱ򣬷ָѾ˰Ķȫҩջأ޵ʧ⣬ҲŲؿŪֵˡ
ҩĴѾ࣬ʹ˲٣һЩʵĵĴͷƶƽǺͷ
û뵽ʱû˵ѣ̫ˣѡ𣿡
ǼӲŲҲһ˿⣬ñԭ۵ļһҲôΪˡ
Ź̨µİԼķԸŲʵǱߵҩʵôˣгɹ𣿡
һ񡣡

õľ鱨
ȥɡ
ǣ
ŵİ漴
ŲƿյĴ¶˴̨ϵԣƷˮľʵһޣɽݵȵȣˮľʵùֲУУƯŵľȻ൱ټĵˮĸҲ֪ŲǴˮľ͵ģ˴ңԶĴ׽ġ
ҩԴﶼȷֶ鷳ˣ
ˮľոմԽʱ򣬺ܳһʱ䶼Ǵ֮ʱʱ̶̿ڰļ֮£һһϸļ¼ԭһЩϣȫҩĹñ֮ѸٵıӸ˿ѰˮľҩСʵҲûлѶپҵ˲鱨ܿͷˮľЩ֮õֵĶֲҪֵ
ֻǣµķΧѾȦоĽʮź
ԼΪ˵㣬Ǹּҽ߶ĻͱԼеҪصöࡣѾָˣôֻˮľ취ˡľҶѾɼҵˮľŲиĻõҩ
ܼһξҪһ㡣
һβ֮Ľڴҩʦϳ˴ˮľҲ񼸸֮ǰôöԸˣģʽŲزһ֪ܸصˮľѾǵĬĬŵˡ
ıҲûʲôЧһҲľ˷ïĲģһʲôĸͲϡһնҩļһʵ̫ѶԸˡ

֮һСľƹݣˮľſͳʮϢӱҲûʲôرģֻӼ֮ţˮľ൱пˡ
סɣ
ʹųλãˮľһֻҪӿų̣Ѿں̵ܶʱڵ֧ԮˡͨҪλãһ鱨˵ջ
ͳʮҲûʲô飬ˮľΪԴӰĽ̸֮Եĸоˮľ˺ܶࡣ
ʱ仹磬ڵһ䣬Ҳȥصĵºд鱨һʸûкƵ˳û
ͷͬˣҲֻ֪òԼͳʮɲ
ȥˮľҲʼԼս׼
ƭԼˣƭ˰ɣ


313 ֮
仯ܿһ꣬¶½ܶࡣһϵķ׷ϸ֮꣬ǰŽͣ
̽Ļ֮Ȼļ紺ҲȵشĲ֮ҪůöࡣԽ֮̽ˮľҪһĶˡ
仯ǿ죬û뵽ô䡣
̲סԹ
ش֮еˮ֮ڱ仯Ȼ֮ҪСһ㣬Ҳʲôر𡣲̫֮ˣѾ˺ܲˣŨŨʪĿβӵ˾úˡ
ߣܹ͵ˣı仯Ҳ֮һɡ
ˮľЦЦڻ֮ߣӦǱҪǿһġԱĻ֮ʶˮľǱȾһĿͳʮҪӵӦ仯
ˮľ˵öԣҪǶů·һǸӿĵġ
ҳµ꣬ҪҪȥ
ǲҪȽϺá
ίľܾˡ
Ҳǿһ¶ѣˮľ͸νˡ
ȻˣǾɡ
ʰö֮Ѹٵĳ֮ǰʱĸ·֮󣬾ͽ֮ڡ
⻹ǻĵط
ˮ֮Լ֮ྶͥĵòͳʮɶЩϰߡ
磬ϸСɰϵĴԶĻڴʵȺɽ֮⡣
֮Ĺʵ̫ˣȺɽȻıϣȻγɵգҵֱ쳣ѣҪֻѹƾͨݵʵ̫ˡȻˣҲǸӽ谭ͺˮ֮֮ããһ
Ȼ֮ˮ֮Ҫõö࣬һЩ½·Ͻͨ߻Ǵڵġ
ھʯɰ·֮ӳģһ޼ʵĸںʯꡣ
ۣ֮Ҳûõȥ˵оˡ
деˮ֮ͻ֮֮Ļʵ̫ˡʱǷɳļڣˮľҲûܡ
߰ɣǰһͻһ㡣
֮εˮľһ㻹е׼
֮Ҳеĵطôƶ񤣬Ҳкܶ಻ĵطġڣһ׳۵ĺõط
ȻǷɳ֮أ֮ͷ֮Ϊһžʹشˡ֮ߴɰ̴壬ֵ˵˷֮ؾһƬɳĮɳľɫ˼޵ڵأ󲿷ֶ̡ȻǷֻ֮ڵε·ɳ赲ԣΪ硱Ҳ˵
Ҫ˵֮ķ磬ȷ֮Ҫ󣬺ӱĸɽк£ޱߵɰͷ֮ʱγɵɳһ֮Ĵɰֱӱϸ߿գγһƬСʯСɰγɵĳƣԽ߾ߵĸɽ֮ڷļЩСɰʯͻڸƫϷĹȣγɺպġɳʯꡱ£Ϳ֪֮Ļôˡ޴ķ粻ֹᴵɰʯӿرˮֵԣϣ֮Ĵ󲿷أǰԵĸڣǷ绯ʯСꡣ
ǣΪʲô֮ûбɷֻ֮ɳĮԭġ֮ûгˮ֮ˮҲ棬ǣ֮شŸƵȺɽڸ壬ȺɽϣԶԿ䶼ɫıѩǡѩڻɵѩˮγСϪһγһɽСֺ۳һľ޴ٲ壬һѩɽȺİΧ֮Уһ׳۵ٲҲһѵõ澰ˡѹһгٲˮʹá
ԣʵ˵֮ƶ񤣬Ȼ󲿷ضûʲôֵʣµȴ쳣ķ֣Ҳ㹻ˮȣĲ֮͡Ȼ˿ں͵شƫԶۺʵ̫ǿǾʵʵ̫٣Ҫȷ֮ˮ֮Ҫõöࡣ
Ҫǰ𣿡
鷳Ļ˭Ҳȷ᲻ʹ˴һˡʵûʲô̶ĵ·ڻĸ̫ɿˡ
Ǿ͵
ˮľ֮˵ؽͨҪܱȴҪǿңֻ£߷ֵļʵ̫ˡ
˶٣ˮľ˵һҪλ̶֮ǣҲڿǷǷ֣Էɲ顣
ľҶߣ˲ҡҲܰôǿɾͲһˡҪҲֳǿǴʮΣյľء


314 
໥ģҪǿͳʮɱˣˮľ֮Ǿֻรˡ
ˮľĻʱÿͳʮû⣬ֻΪˮľľҶǿһֱߣǺΣաˮľɲǵıķϾһӵߣʵչ飬Ҫĳ˲ӣɲ˹ﵽˮľͷϡ
ʲô飬ҲǺ޷Űɡ
Щȷ˵
ˮľ˿Ĳ˵ΣգǾгˣҵ֮Ǿ͵ź͹Ԯϡһᴦġ
ðɡȻе㲻ģǿҲףԼͳʮսϵİ΢΢̫ǿֻϺȶѡ
Ѷˮľתͷ˿ķɳ˼鷳֮
ȥδ֪ǿУ֪ǳﵹûгˮľӦ֮ǿߡǵҹϵĲʣжķʽͼΪˮľٻӦˡ

ķɳУӰϷȥĵ·ϡ
ܲˣڼůͣΪʲôʱԶţ
ĺͣıԹΪӰүү飬Ҫʱ
һԵĳĬĬĵסϷڣǿΪСĺסһɳϮ
ߵˣ˿ûн䱸ܵϮҲǴ⣬ʵƬϣϮѾˣҺͳʵҲΪףֻܹ͵Ϯ֣Ҳһܹġ
ţ˵ǵľҶһʱвУ֮Ķʵ̫ˡǻ֮һ㡣
ⲻ̫ðɡеľګĳϾǿΪʹȥľҶģ˵
Ҳأ̫鷳ˡ
ҲԼ鲻̫ס
̽ĸ֣Ѿ̻˺ܶ꣬Ȼżб仯ǴǷ֮ͻ֮ˣϵ֮֮š
ϱŵ̬ʮԣȻɰѷ޳Ҳûʽĵ޽ԼǴ˭Ҳܷϵġڹ壬Թ˲ϾǣҲֻżռһˣûʲôԡڴ֮ĸСЩʵ̴ɽػڵʱ̴壬ûʲô˵أֻΪ֮Ļսġ
һľҶĽˣ̽ȶҲ˲Ұĵ˵˼ֻǺƽ̴꣬嶼ĵͳڣ׼֮£սСĳͻͲɱˡ
ͷĵƺСˣҲûʲôôҰ鱨ʾǱҲûʲô״
ʦҲδѰɡ˵үүĻΪӵĳɲôû뵽һĴ滹вټǱ鱨ҪйɾΣˡɰѾֳӣľҶľβ˵ҲúܽϴǼʦǳģǵ鱨̫ˡľҶɰƺǹĳЩҪ鱨ʦʮֵĲ
ңһľҶɰ̴忴ǵЦʵ̫ɶˡ
ϴƤӵ±úܴ衣
ɰǸ˭ȥ֣ûǸҶ˵䣬Ǹӵûӡ
οŷ߷߲ƽĺ˵
ȷʵһ֮ӰŪڹ֮䣬ʵ˾ò˼顣ĴˮӰʸֱƵĳű֮ǰɰ̽Ц
̴ˣͷӸое㲻˰ɣǸƢӰסˡ
ôоͷǳȥǶľҶĵСһ˲졣
鱨ҪҪ֪ľҶ֪ЩʲôôֻϧϴԸǡ
ҪǸļһ´μһҪ⡣

֮İ棬ͳ羰㲻Ĺȡ
жξĵطˮľǸ°ϴǳǳĺһӲӵӰʵ
Ǿ
ǵġͳʮɷ׷׵ͷȷϡ
ˣľֹ޲͸ƣԶܷ䲻ƽ
뿪ȹȥ
˵ţˮľ˲٣ɿ˹ȥ
һĺģϣҿ㱳󵽵ײʲôɣ
ˮļ̌ͷˮľķ˲佣һղסˮľͱնΣȻһΪľͷ׹䵽ϡ
ÿĽԶˮľμ棬ʦľҶˮľĿʲôϣʹ֣
ˮľ֪㡣˫ֽս˵ãȴ˵ɣ


315 
ǿ֮ͳһʱ򣬻ȨȽϿס
ȻܣˮľҲܶսֻǣ˽ʵ̫Σˣӽٶȿ쵽ˮľ췴ӦˡǰѿͨĳϾȻôҪˮľ׼ʹ˵һϵľͲõľͷˡ
ˮľҲû̫ģƴȷʵǶ֣ʹģʽĻûٶȺƣͽʦԾɲʲô⣬ﳤ̲ܶȡʤĹؼ
Ҫúôһˮľûκԥ˰벽ѸٵĽӡ
ݡɻ֮
ϸСˮľγһƬܼĻ浯ĻڵķӣѸٵڱжķ
Ļ棬ûκλңµĲ˷ֻų޷ܵĻն𣬲дĻ滹Ϩ𣬾͸ڽ棬ˮľͨͨһȼյĻ潣һƮӰϵԼɱ
ҲУ
κһżմﵽ£ЧĿࡣˮľҲľ˷ï̽ʱˮľѾСˣǴûлһľҴİǵһףĽһѽԼѹȸС
ε̽ˮľҲˣһСֶûʲô취ˡֻǾôֱײˮľûκʤˡ
Σʱ̣ˮľҲûԥһɫĲƾõ˳浯ĻǰͣһĽɫ˲䱻˺һӡ
̫Ʋ˰ɣľҶҲ׶Ըġ
Ľ࣬׵ʱһоͽˡֻˮľûȡʤĴ㣬ûоȫҲ̫ˡ
ʯ֮䣬һӵĲѸٵı仯ɫѸٵתȵ죬ĲܣѸٵıһŻĻƣˮľĿƣϵıš
ͷΪ֮һ͵ٴλĽ˳£ȸղŻҪ˳Ĺᴩ˲͵Ļ滤ܣֻһιûвκЧûлƻܲ˵ŵͷûӻѣֻòϵĺˣΣա
ķֶΣֻάֲ˶ðɣ
лܵˮľ״̶ֳֻ̬ȵĲʵټ˱ܱͨȵģɢ̬仯ҲԼսپ뷨ա
άֲ˶ãԿܳŶã
ĵˮľȻ˵ɣе鷳ֻԼ
ʧܵں̬仯ʱ仯ʵһֱɡȻһǴǺܶʱĲʲô̫õѡ
ͺñڣȻ赲˵˵ĽûжԵκ˺Ҵڻܱ֮µˮľҲ÷ǳܣ˷ĸ£ˮľϵĺˮһ̲ͣеˣԼԭ侲˼÷겻ߵӦȻʱڲ̫⣬ǴϾҲǲ̫
˵òǺ׼ȷˮľĲʵάֺܳʱ䣬ǣǰҪԼܹȥ
ȥǰ취һ״̬µսе
һֶΣûӳͱһͻϮôֲ
ȻʱҲ㣬ˮľҲֻܳһʱ䣬ϾԼĲơ
ˮľٴθıݵ״״ǽСƯڿУһжʼȶʱöСȥ
ʲôã
ӯ˳նܲС͸Ŀ϶ˮľӰ
Ӱ֮һΪٶʲôã
ûãԹ֪
СѸٵɢڻӰΧ롣
ȻԴûܣôһϷɣ
˵ţеӰǰʼ½½ĸֳϸСѵĻ
ͻȻı仯ҲĿɿڴôܣֿôӰĲ֧ŵ𣿡
ͲҪĵˡ
ˮľЦɫ˵
㿪ʼϷɣҲҪ̫ģΪ˼ӿٶȣѾСƵ̶ֳȣȻСǲֻҪҪġһһ
˵꣬ȿĻ˷Ϯ
ʦҪôӦأ
ʦһһе˭ҲܺӣֻǣκԵġǷˣʵҲߣʤδ֪


316 ߵĽթ
಻СĹγһƬըĳƣԴСûʲôֶΣҪ޵ˡ
ֻϧˮľ̻ûдˡ޴ӵûִС˫ֵֽȻ͵Ĳ嵽棬忪ʼתŽлɴŵһƬرӭǵصС
ֲ
ˮľȻͻȻıʣû뵽Ȼá
ΪӴ棬ͬʱҲΪԼòͻĹȻֲĲ㣬ֻûԤƵ˫̤صֱγɱȦ赲ˮľĹٴһ㣬һкôѵĻ򽫻ֱըһֻǺܿϧ빥Ƶʲɺ϶Ϊһ
򹥻̫ǿᱻֱն̫ᱻ׵ֵôȻѲ
һУˮľȭ졣ͷа汾ġ족󣬵£ԸˮľĹȴĺá
Ļкϣըɢȥ¶ǱĽĿź̷ˮľӰվظѾȥһƬײըγɵʯȦѻһ˸ߵС¡
˾ȡҪ̶ôǿĻ̫ˡ
˱ԼĹˮǿ̫ˣֹǽս˦ˮһءͽϵˮľĸ޻Ҫǿ
ڶּĹô治شô̵Χ֮´ĶԷ仨ˮģŶݼôǿ
սûҲûиʱ֮ͣˮľʱʼһֵĹֻǣϢûٳԵڶοһ˲ڽӡӰǰ׼ʹӰΪʧ
⣬̫ˡ
һӰ֮ٴιʼʩһնϵķնϣŷƣֱ̣һӰ
һһԾֱ޻֮Ҳ̫ǿ˰ɣѹľ˷ïô󣬷ʦ̿ͽͶ˾ųˡ
ͱƣսȫƿأûͱ̴ӰΧҲûֶãϧӰΪնͬھĶֶ
ս̫ˡ
ˮľԹţȻԼûоȫ˱սҲǺþûоˡ
ˮľӰԽԽ٣Ŀǰֵһߵ̬ơ
ٴͻֱ̣ɫĲ̴ܱȻƣ赲˽ܺӰոһȴȵĿǰסĽ΢΢ĲһɫķԲâ˳Ž죬Ӱؿڡ
ʲôأȻŽ˵׻һߣʲôֵģ
ۿŲܱӰҲʧתͷ˵ʣһˡ
ˮľɫصĿųĻٴγ֡
һУ
ʲôþС
δ䣬һͻȻȵĻǽ䴩ˮľĸ
ôý֣
ܵ㣬ǼԲʱ仯Ĳܣǿص̫ˣָģĻʲô
˵ˣһߣȻұ׷󣬵սõСֶʲôֵģ
˿ƵĻѸٵɢˮľŲʵ˿߹̹ȻһЦ
Ӯˣ
˵꣬һʧ̴ĽҲѵһڵϡ
ô᣿ȫӰʲôʱģ
ͫ΢һ㶣Ѹǰ˲Ͻеȵ÷̣ʰһ˦մŵС˦Ȼ䱸ˮľٴεĹ
ʦлһΣߣȷʵӦ̫ԴԶ̻ͽԶԶǶ֣Ͳ׳ˣȤĻԺľҶľؿһ£ó˵ʦúõҵɡ
˷ĻûжˮľķλһĪչʱ򣬲ԶĵһζһӰһȺһģһˮľٴγǰ
Ӱ֮ԣǻ
̧ͷ˿ܣʱע⵽ɫߵĲ
ǵĻǽ磡
ղűʦԵúܲҰԭЩԴʦ˵ģֻڣҳһڶ˵ɣ
ĻӰӳһƬ޺｣
𣿻鷳ˣҪ𣿡
·ϲҪЧУһһĽ˸ţƴͲˮľܹȫѹ֡


317 ̹
֮սгܳʱģһصó־սڿʱһĻսپĽ
ԭԴĴͳһĽʿͬ߱ʵսûУ̿Ҫ͹͵̨ԾҲ̵ֻʱпܣˮľ̾ӢĲΣսɵƻ̫ˣ߱ϾҲ壬вؾͻɥ
սǿһֱܸߣͲļ죬ƾеսغ͵˽ƣʱˡ
ˮľսѾǱȽϿˣȻ֣˶ûʹ̫ƴȻҪǶԷʹ˱ɱҲԹñˣ͹Լѧղɡ
ĿǰƣˮľֿǿȨͺѷˡ
֪ΣȻҲ֪ԼҪˣǲһ̣Ҳ׷꽣Լһų費ģĴҲϣ
ֻǣϣͽ͵ĻӽֵټٵĹҲоĽԽԽأµĲҲĸսʶˡ
ɣҿ㻹ʲôֶΣܹǰһġ
ѶȻûɱĴ㣬ˮľҲٱˣһֱҲûֳһĻᣬ˭֪һǵƣ̬ǲװģ
ڰĵСǿеôܣҲ

˼򵥵ļѾûʲôɱˡʧ
ˮľ˿ûܵŵ˵
ʲôϵϻֻ̫࣬Ե䲻ѡ
һ̲ͣɧϵĸ޴ѹ
׼ƣͶеĻᣬˮľٴμӴ˹ȡ
ˣٶȺͷӦ½Ҳ޷｣ýɾ󲿷֮ʣµöҲΪֻ˫ֻǰҪ漴ֱۡͺ󱳱ĻС
мֵʱҪǿĵˡ
أСȫûʲôӰ죡
ֽϲŵ｣γһ˵ţһٴλӽɱٵӰ
ֻǻûͲɢҵİڵϣֳֽŵ棬ǿ֧ҡҡ׹塣
ǣö
һֻеͲסĿռƻɳܵ¶ˮľ˵ķŭ
öǺôոս̻ҵģˣһСУܹʡܶ๤򡣡
ˮľʵǺöģЩǷöҩԸԼˡʵԼ裬˵ʩ棬ȳɰ֮ЫҪóԼѧʶоһЩرĶҩǺпܵġ
ò˵ǣˮľһöȽóļһڱԽ֮ǰͨͨˮľҲһ㲻öֻ֡һֱˮľЩСֶβмһˡߴﵽһ̶ȣǿþˣǿĶҩЧҲۿۡ
ǿȴͨͨߣӶҩƺĺá
ˮľĵ٩Ļʱ߷쳣ûüͨһˤڵϡ
治־ᶨĽʦȻܹôá
һӰǰһɥʧһ򽣱䶪ԶԶģȻиӰǰס˶õ׷ӡžķ
ˣϷôʦڿ˵Ŀĵʲô
ʱˣı廹֣Ǹ߹ĵ
ˮľЦЦȻʵ鲻ǣý͸ˡ˵ɣΪʲôҪôǱɱˡ
˻Ļ־ôѣսӦҲô鶯ոշӡȫʱˮľѾ˱ԼĻɱˣûֽš
ѵͲǱУҪӵ֮ս𣿡
Դ˵
Ҫô˵ҲǲУֻǣͬôǡʵ͵ϮʹߣвСĳɹĿԡжǲ̫ˣ⽻֮ĻҪ̽һЩ鱨Ҳǲܡǣֵ˾֪ĴɱһǵһμҪҪúýһ£
ľҶ岻ٰ֮̿Բܣߴ֮ԤĽȻ٣ɱĻǡ뷨Ϊ档ֵжոտʼľҶߵˡм䵽׳ʲô飬ˮľö֪ǣһǴĻǵİţؼаʲôɫ


318 ն
ˮľʣЦЦ
ʵҲ֪ôĺʲôʲôı޹ؽҪǣ㲻һûô㿴ô˳ҵ˱Ŀ꣬˵ָ˿ⰲţ޹أֻҪɱ˾ˡ
ϵĻشˮľüͷ
ܹϸ˵˵ô
ֲʲôܣ˵˵Ҳ޷һʼҾ֪Ҫңֻǣ˭˭һ
ЩƣһڣȻ˵
һǰ£ͻȻóһЩ൱ر鱨ҿȻĳЩ顣ҺܾȣҲǱ˿ƣ߱ݾǼԭֻǱſϷ飬뿴ǵҪʲôû뵽ϡ
˳ƶΪ̬Ⱦɱʹߣ
ûѾϸȨˣǵĿ겻壬ңһѽҲûʲôġֻ𵽴ߵõӣأֻҪܹɱߣһҲ޷
ϵǻӵˣѣҲ޹ؽҪĶ
һжƻˣҲ֪ǵĿʲôˣȻҲˣǲҪԸľ㣿
˵ˮľҲµˣһһ׳նʲôɱ鱨£ʲôģΪ˵ˮľ㡣
Һɻ󣬾Ϊһʱߺͳ嶯ðôΣ£㲻ֵ̫𣿡
ֵЦһֵãնû֮ǰǲΣյģϧһǳһȱҵˡ
˵ţƺһЩ¡
ʵɱߣֻǵһĿ꣬һҰġ
ʲô
뿴ĺ֣Ǻηʥֽǰɣ޶һԱǿ֯Ҿ񿴿ǷѾۣҪԸʲôˣ˵ҲʲôڽһǺŵġ
ⷬеԴĻˮľҡҡͷ˵е
ˮľģʽƲͰˣȻˮľڰĽ䣬ʵ̫ˣǿȴױŷݸ
Ȼˣı׷ĻϴԶ̱ը߻Ų˼غϾҪƬˡ
ǻźǰΪʲôˣֻű˴
ǲĹ£һʱ䣬ҪҪ˵˵
Ȼĳ裬ǹľҶѾ֪˰ɡ
ԳЦЦ
ʸ֣ǵĴĿˮӰβӼʷ˷ĵˮӰᣬʵǿܹĿβ޵ͬʱҲһֹۿҳĵˣһжô˶ѪͳεϣͻȻһ죬һжˣϣ֮ӱɿ־ħķӵľôѪ֮Ƕôպա
˵ţ¶޳ЦݣΪôѪɱеʵǲ԰ˡɱ¾һʼͺͣˣֻҪͣ趯ĵͻᱻΪųϡһáʸ彥ĳ٣ֱһ죬ǲŷ֣Ļ־ȻͿʸ֣ǵˮӰ֪־ô
ȻûôأҲһ㣡
ĿӰĿ֮±ɱ̽ʷҲǵһηľҶҲǶ˶ˡ
ԣȻϣãҲ뿴ܱƵģӦҲǼɵĸְɣ֮࣬˵Ҳá֯ĵ顣
ƺе߹ʵˡ
ǹƥҡ֯Ļ˵֪ηԴûˡ뻢ıƤҲҸö
һľٶˮľҲµ˼֣ˮľʵǲֵԼðһѣǸɵʹ߾ʹԶ롣
ܿϧ֮̽ˮľȴˡ
ͺúôͬɣһ£Ͳˡ
˵ŷ׷׽ӡӰ

ּСˮľһҲͣԴ֪˵˵ĿԼ֮ʲôģȫ׵Ժˡ
ֻ۱¶һˣ
ôһȦӣˮľ뵽ķȦľҶôԶ֪ʱһоԮˡǿߣҲܹǿǰֻ֣Ҳ˶ѡԻʹʵڣҲĿ꣬ӦòʲôΣա
һֱ˳ˮľˣץβ޵ġ׼ȷ˵ǲ;Լ̽Ҳˡ


319 
αƣȻˮľǵһУǶǲǵһֻö֪£ɹʺ˵ǳɱҲܵͣһβУ˻һطһΣ˵ףҪԷҪġƭ浶ǹĴһöԷ֪ѶˣҪˡ
ֻǣһòе㲻̫
ĴңԼ̫ȨʲôĿ϶ȫˣҪԼһֱû¶棬ͱˡ
˵սʱһֻ֪ǲǡ֯һʽԱƺô鷳ֻҪǷӳԼʵÿһܹһһĿֲڡּһƣ붼
˵ָɵһ״̬ЫܹˣȻҲǺܾ£ʱʵûбҪײһ
ҩʦ֪ܵзâ֮ӺСǳɳ֮󣬽ǸơˮľȻҲֺ̫õ顣ǡǡ飬ȫͻҪٵȵȡ
ˮľϵķſԼĸ֪̽һпܵ춯Ȼ֪ǲĿռ;ǰû̫ЧҲų˵Χ׷½أԵ˵Ŀĺжʽ̫뵱Ȼ˵ʲôصĺ
ʱһԼǰ
ˡ
ˮľһһ׳Լɨ˹
ľݣǾ
ˮľԾ𣬶ͻȻĹҪٴǰ壬ȴӶľȥ·ˮľ˼׼תػضӵʱģİ׾ѾԼΧס
治ǲҰˮḷ̌
ԶƬ޴ҶӰŵˡ
ֻܵʵѿô˼𣿡
ûǴĻǵһμɣ
ˮľصĿž˵
ҲˣȷʵǵһΣһֱҰп㣬㻹ǵһμӵңʧˡ
ʧʧҲ⣬ʵ˵һҲ档
ûϵһ棬Ժͼˡ
䣬һĵ棬Ĳľ֦ɲˮľ߿ӡ
׳۰
Ѿǵһμľˣֻÿһμ˷ˮľͲɵ۲ѣ̫ȫܵĶûʲô㣬ҪܹƲѹβ޲Ķ˵ˮԵĲʱ仯γɵѪ޽磬ֻʵΣ˭Ҳ֪ͳӰѲϵˡ
ݡ֮
ˮľˣһӿ³ȻǸеĵͼǶôĿ꣬ôҲƫŶԣңԼĻԲʱ仯Ҳ൱ס
޴ĻҲûˮľʧľ˲䱻ɽ̿òԶҲ׷ŻȼգȻɥʧ׹ڵϡֻǣľ鷳ǵһʱˮľԹ˿ͷ뿿ͨľݶƴеԿҰ׾Ĳ治һܹġĴɳ־սղŵʲô³ˮľҲ̫ࡣ
˴ʧ֮£һ֦˹ˮľĲס
ղĹܣ
ľݽӴΣգʵˮľһæ˻ԵĲܣץסԼľͷյȻϽ
һ㾪ŵˮľű任Żܵ״ѵĻˮľ帽Ҫ˵İ׾ܲȼճɻҽ
µĻ棬ľݻЧģǶ԰׾ɱƺϧά˳̶ȵĻܣǾǲģһĴ
ǿĻݣһѪ޽磬ɰƶߡҶֵսƺе񰡣ԵһĲ̬ʱ仯ѷɫѪ˲òӵĸֻ֣Ǻܿϧ壬ҪҵղƷˡ
˶ĵ˵
һɻ֮ͣСˮľ˷֮ȫڻ֮С
⻹ǳ׵ġսֻǣȥԼŵסô
Ŀĵ棬ȫȼյĻ棬֮ضҵа֮һա
ˮľĨһѶͷĺˮǿβȿĲʣϸĴһ¸Ķ
ǲûô
ֻоסԼһʱУˮľѾֹһʹùģʽˣ޴ΪһóԵеľͿԶԸԼĻǻ֮áֻһжֻˣסѾһʱˣǲĿռҪҲỨѺܳʱ䡣


320 ǿƵѪ
ˮľƺеĲɣڷ̵
˭Թ˲Ͼ㣬йȥˣ
ʳһŵľٴˮľľͷս͵һģȻһɨشͱƵһߣȻиľ˳Ŀյ
ô׾ͱƻǽľݻ鷳
ͨŲ˶ãֻû뵽ôͱƽ⡣ڽһְ߰ŵİ׾òˡ
žͣʹôΧľݾˮľԾҪʱ䣬ˮľҲű˵Ľȥ
׾ĳˮľתܣˮľһһ㶵ľں档
ʲôŪ棬Ϊ
ǿ߷緶ʵ˴ϡôһʱ䣬ïܵĴеˮľӰ쿴ˡ
ɵӲŸ˷ѲҲɱ㣬Ǹ˼
ôĸ߲·һﲻ֮ϾѾܲˣȻỹһʱռģ򶼴ţܵŰ
һµˮľʱоˣˬĸоֱϰһĽ֮ŵȻ޴档
ֶкôһ߷ڵصˮľŸͻȻֵǲ
˵ʵ㲻߷ǳô
ûˮľĵ٩̧ͷ˿ڸϹľȻŶˮľ˵ҵ㻹治ףֲҪǿߣ㹤ץ
ֵõ˵ôĿұ¶ķҲܵʲôҲֻҶڰɪɪȻŪһıƵĿɣ
೰һ۸һľҲˣˮľȡݡԶԶ
ɪɪ棿ڶϵ㣬ǿɡ
Ȼ߿ǲı飬ˮľҲûд㿿ż仰ӳ졣
⣿ΪѾӮˣ
ѵô
ˮľĨȥһѪ˿ȻѸٽӡ˫鰴
֮ͨ
ŲͨӣһֻӴľƾճ֡
վͷϵˮľǰлǲ;˵
ǲǾرϤҵĲ̫ԽԽ׳˰
ԺúȺõĴܣ˲ٵҩιУûвЩ֮⣬һͭƤǿɲǼ򵥵ֶξƷġ
ˣһͷһҰ޾ɱﵣ
ǲЦһ漴ʼӡŲıľˮľľܲƹȥľҲʹľˮľ
Ϊղҿаˡ
ˮľһ˵ţһʹžȻ͵ػ£̤Ƭʯҵ˵ĹţܿʼֱײӴΣϻľצϾ޴ľ˺һƬƬľͷ¡һЩھ֦Ҳû̫š
оô
ľľղԣֻˮľľͨ޷ҲòŲĹ֮ǰĿǰʹľˮƽǺץסˡ
ƽƵĴüͷһ壬̧ö｣
ף򵥵｣ѵǡ
һ˲䣬ˮľ뵽ĳЩܣٴҧָӡ
ͨ顪ţ
Ǻķóһƾճ֣סˮľߡ
һö｣ײ֮һӰŤű˲
ԭΪܹκ̾ߵ˵ףû뵽ģľ｣޼ǿ汾ɡ
Ŀռ֮ˮľ˽ⲻֻ࣬ǣƻҲ̫ˡ
Էĵڶö｣ˮľҴ⣬æٴʹһš
˭˭ôҪͨ｣Լˡ
ûˮľһˮľǰһֻѪдۣͷԾһ㱡
⣬ǻ
ӦˮľϼľͲֻ̫ˣԼѹԼ˫ֽӡѾ֮ͨɱķľѾӰ
ʧô
һдۣˮľҲΪһ̵ѾԼʧȻ
ٴʹܣˮľ˫΢ȥָϣʼȻ
ģʽ𣿱óѡ
Լһľͷ׵ǲˮľĻܣдһתŤĿռʱˮľ˽ȥ
ʤѷ֣ǵˡ
ʱĳ֡
ϽȥɣҪȻϴҪˣ

ռ䣬ˮľǰ谵µĹ쾰
ǿռ䴫͵ĸоû뵽лһ¡ֻǡ
ӶӵĴˮľȡһ׼Ѿȴһֱûϵľ᣺
Ҫһ֪ʲô֮ԭ


321 Ｋط
̽кܶδ֮գѪ޽صĸʤдۣͲĳ̶֮󣬸ݸʵĲͬԼԵĲ죬γǧٹֵдͫΪͲȷʵʵ顣
ŭޣܼдұ仯ľ񲨶Ӱ¿ͲдеͫܵǿӰ죬һ棬˾γͫĻʯ
ڲ֮ͬͫǰǿǾͼʼˡˮľ˽ģ˸ոռʶǲռתƣֻǲˣԼԻ𡱣յҲ֪֮ꡣ
պ׵ľ޴˺ӹɵģʵôһδ֮աȻڻ֪ǣյӦԷȷʵܶࡣΪǿܹһһȷʵ޽⣬ǲûơ
ȻǿǶԲĹЧѣȻβ޲ǸܶȲֱӸպףֻҪܼʱͲ̫ΣգûжҲʹֱ߲ӶԿУҲҪȼĲλˣգ׾ͺˣӰҲֻǽյȼֱˣ޴󰭡ĸӡͳֶΣԼǿаˡ
ԣȷ˵ȷʵǿֻҪӦԵõкܴĻȥġ
һʵԺǿͲдͫǲʹʱռѾǿˣԼһռ䣬̫ˡ
ռ䣬еˮľĵط˵ǲԭһףռҲֻһŶԣȻӦ𣬵Ӧһģһġ
ܾǰˮľһ뷨ϲ²ʵǲռ˺ľ㹻ĲĻǲܽų
ֻռʵǲ֪Сһ֪ʲôֻܲˡڣռ䣬ˮľҲˣطĲʵ̫󣬲ĸȻЧֻĿ߼ʡһƬפӣҲ֪ʲôʣȻһжҪˮľ򿪾ᣬųһСŲΡΡС֮ϵĺ׾Ϳʼȼ
պξҿܷܲһЩ߰ɡ
˵ֻҪӦ죬ȫܹʹպףǺͲö֪ˡˮľǵԭУǲհ޷֮£Ҳˣ嶼Żˣ϶ˣõǲĽа᪰Ƭ֮ڴ˳ֵǲԵú
յһζûеһΣҲǽ⿪һŵĻᣬյĸԴǺ˽⣬ǴһƬ֮Уռǲһд֮Ĺϵʵˮľǳ档
һΣһܺõ̽ᡣ
һƽ̨֮䣬սĿʼ˲ĺȼյĻԽԽߡ
ռ乻㹻ԼӺþˣֻǣʲô²ŻȻϨ𣿡
ʵˣųǷһе֮ף˿ƵĻӦûᷢչв̽ĺɫְɣǣǲͲдۺܶ꣬ҲȻʹ˲ֹһΣܿպ׵ͲдͫӾ֮ǰҲû˵ֵ鷢ôȻĳЩ£ʧЧ˲ŶԣҪﵽʲôŻᵼϨ£ۿǸ㲻ס
ȼյķΧԽԽҲ֪ûдղصҪƷҪǱյˣǾùˡ
ֻǣյȼգƺĳЩ仯ӵٶ
ų֪ˮľͼҵ仯ԭ򣬵ȴûʲô֡
ʲô鷢𣿡
ˮľüͷƺбƵļ󣬵ȼյķΧԶԶûдﵽռļޡ
Ŀռ䣬ʲô˻ţôǻ˱仯
һˣˮľһջ֮ϣԭеήҵĺײһϨһƬ
ȻܹȼǶԵĲЧʵáԼе㱻ơܹβ޵գβ޲ʵûޣǲֱʹø߳ĲƾͿգӡ֮ķӡЧͲˡ
ɴˣˮľܹȷбƵ󣬱ȻĳƲĶѹյȼա
ֲˮľһ״̬»֪ô𰸾ͲԶˡ
Ȼ𣿻Ľ


322 ٱһ
ǿԻ֣ûеͨĲнȼգȻĶ̼ȼպĲɢȥͻ谭ȼա
յԭҲͬС죬ȻȻֻ𷴹ѹգѹֵռͷӳķǳѸˡ
ƽ࣬˵ʲôжƻ޴ĶڵĻôͲԶˡ
ֶչһ̶ȣＫطдաҲֹʧ
ˣպ׵Ʋ⣬ˮľںܾǰһŵĽǡ
黯ֿ֮Խ껥תˮľһ̽жϡǾת֮⡣
ʣʩչ黯֮ʱ򣬾һγ˱֮ڿ϶ǲлˡ
һΣռĶʣתȻĻôĿǰջĶѾԽ̽Ĩƽˡ
ûзһֿܣǻ۲ת̽粻һ֣ǰȻڵвȵһϵĶȫ˵Ǵ
ڰβȽʹβʱһϸˮľڶ֡
βϰѣʾβ޲ѿƣΪ̫ˡ
ˮľ֪УʣǳôʵĶʲôˮľŵˮƽ㲻̫߶˵Ķ
ֻһԿ϶ʵĲߵʹ£״ʣγ̽ǧٹֵĸ̣̽ˮľԭĸԴ
һʵġΡһ׵Ĩȥ
գҲֻתɵһô
ܹһĲֹһԵģˮľûмڶ
Ӱ죬γɲѾӸʺ֮乵ͨʵķֽҲǰδеģսʵѾͨ־Ϊ;Ǵڵġ
ǻ۵Ĵ˲ƫִ˵˶һС±ֵûԣǴӴϿˮľˣǺ룬趼ж֪ĿԼأԳˮľԺ˲СǽС־ǿ
磬ҵǣҵİ
ˮľԳһЦ˿ʼ˥˵գǰһԾ˱ŰĲϼ֮£һᣬˮľ͵ˣˤ߻صˮľ˺һվ˫ŲŵĿռϡ
նͲγɵķӡҲЧôռĽ֮ں
ʵռ߽ɢɫĹ⣬ˮľʹĶ˶ţһۼû¡
ţˮľʹȭͷݹҲûκЧ̽飬Ҳ޷Ӧ
ͨЧãӦݵķ˰ɡ
ΪҲֻܷ˶ռϵ̽
ȤҲղռ䣬ֻܵô
ʱܶ࣬ˮľòܲܿһպףֻǺܿϧⶫ̫ˣյľͣûеĻԶϨ𣬸κ
ʱյ£֪˶ãˮľͻȻһϸСŤУȻıаˮľȥơ
ˡ
ظˮľϵսպһգ˲·ͱȼȻˮľռ˽ȥ
ǿŹӰŤѣθУǰһģӰʱˮľѾӹȼ֣һѾץסһܲļ
ץסˡ
أˮľǿűպͿռ䴫ʱжʹ˫ǯסǲĲӡ
գôУ
ĴæҪѣϧˣյĺѾӵԼˡ
ģ㲻ô
ˣҶˮľٺһЦץŴֺɡ
ǲ㣬ˮľҲ֪ģͷųʱûа취岿黯ܹΪ˴һֲˮľԼˡ
ͻȻˮľЦһͣȫ
Ǥ֮ջҪ۰γԿˡ
ˮľ˾Ӱ˿ͷûо֮ɫˮľ˵ƴǱˣˣץһܡ
šհĴͻȻʧֳ֮һ˵Ӱˮľɣʧһдۡ


323 
ץжʧܣȫ޷ܵ飬ֻΪѾֵ·Լȫȫһִ֮۸еաǲռ鿴һ֮󣬸ӵ߷ˡ
ôЩ۵Ŀűպյûҷˮľϧһزģ
ʲôزˡȻߵסɫԲƣҵʧȻǲֲҪܳʱˡ
յˣǻźţ
ִ˵еĻ浽жǿǰĿŰĺˮľ֮󣬽ӿѾ»ԭ׼Ϳˮľĳɡ
߰ɣﲻܴˡ
ռʣ޼պ׷ų֮Ѿûжٿŵĵطˡ
Ҫ׷𣿺ò׵һΣûץĻһξ͸ˡ
˾֮ĵô˳Ѿˡ
˵ɡҵ˽жѾܲˡ´Ѿúܶǡ
ԾʹжҰ֮еʱ̶̳ȣҪ˵͵ö࣬ȶʱܶԶʱռѾϧ˲Ϣ̫ˡ
ỹУҪţǻʱ䡣
ֻҪ֣ƶٶȣʱһΣΨһǵľֻһ¡
ˮľʵԽԽǿˣ֪ʲôƣ

һȥĴУԵˮϦĹԣ͸ɢɫεˮ棬ϸ۲ĻᷢһȺϸС͸״˳źˮƮ沨ЩСһϸСĴųֵˮĸнĻζУԼԿһ͸ĽĻǽˮĸڱ֮¡ûκϢټϺ淴һĿ⣬Ͳע⵽˳µˮ»
ͻȻ֮䣬ˮһζһӰǸŶͷʹ಻ѵˮľ
һΣϻرըҪ۰Ҳˣû뵽Ǥ֮Ȼô̵
ľܶ඼ЧǴ󲿷ֶǻʩźʹãͬʱղЧҲǳᡣֻǤ֮˵ľˡ
˵Ǥ֮ҲһľͷܱһֹľݣԴд̳ҲͶҪɱ֮󣬻ڷĽжӺ޷ڲƻ֯ڵʹ࣬Խһ˻ʹ໹ΪûʲôӦֶεĻֻܵˡ
һشʹѾǰ׼˷Ľ磬ǲһԼܲסһ㱻ճɻҽڵĴҴľ̽߰㣬պûþͽһзٻ٣ˮľʹࡣ
һҪٴμǿķЧһˣּ״еǿ
˼ڴˮľƽ˷ʱ־عĳſʼϸļе⡣
ֻ𣿿֯ķѱеĻҪء
ЩԭԤϵ鱨ҲˣؼǶռյ鱨ǳϡ
ķôպôȥĻҪԣ˵Ļ˵Ĵá
ֻʱ򻹲ǷɵĺʱȻѾ뿪·غԶˣЩβҪһ¡뵽ˮľѸٵҧ˫ֵʳָȻʹ֮ͨ漴һ޴ľˮľϡ
ͬһʱ䣬ԶһεĴһһģһˮľͻȻɫһо̾ߴһᡣ
Ѿ𣿲ҪӷעˣҵҲ˰
˿ԶСӣڰеָ֮£˿ͳʮɵǣ˳ҵ˺޷Ȼץס֮Ϳʼߡˮľиһ·֮󣬲ǺʹԽԽԶˮľҲܹжϳսΣѾܵˣֻǡ
жķѾʧҪȻ֪ԼѾգ
һֱԼϵˮľʶδĻ֮ڸոս֧֮ͳʮɿʼ׼ٴμ֮һֱɽկжһһķã֤ԽȥԼ֮ˡ
ڱ壬ľֹͣ˻һϢʧǰױ¶ķʽԶڵء
Ϊ˵Լվǲǵģֻ񲻿ΪԼƲԼҲûԸֽͣѣսʹҴճֻ̣û뵽۵ľѡ


324 ̽ɫ
ҵı츳еģˮľջطӡŷľ֮ٴ̤˷ľҶĵ·һʲô룬һҲͣķɱȥ
һֱľҶ岻Զλãˮľͣ˽Ų˸εȻһͷľҶɽεʵҡ
űҴҶصɽկȻĿŷ͵ǱӰ
ôˣ׷ɱ
¶ˡ
ˮľµ˵
ǲ;ô
պϰɣԵڵݺʵˡʲôսƷ
㻹Ĵľݣû߾Ͳˡ
˵ǲʵ۷廹ԶһõͫĵѾ˷ʤˣڸֶξ͸ˡʹģʽҲһܹȵܣ򲻵סӲˣҲܵģԸһдۡľݣû̫õİ취ӵռǲһʼʹڲ֮ء
ôӳģ
Եɺϰɣ˵ҲǺջ񡣡
ţˮľսľ²ϸĳһ顣
ˮľĻɽկ˼öûз
ô㡮ĵ˼άܹóʲô
˵ɽկش󲿷뷨˵ͨҲвӿ֤ǣûоֱָ֤̽籾ʵۣ漰ݷ⣬оûдﵽһ
˵޷׼ȷжô
ǵȻ뵹Ƕһľʵ飬һοֵ
˵ţɽկһת
ҲòָһϽĵط
Ͻ
ǵġศɵģһɵˣһӦձֻ֪ǽӲǰۣܻһЩ⡣Ͳһͬ⣬²Ͳһ׼ȷˡ־תΪӰʵ;ܲ򵥣̫۵ܲ⣬пܻʵԶ
˵
ɽկ˵ǵôôôҿϸ͸ʬ⾡˫֣֤ġŲʬתǲɣȻֱʮȭҪôӡҪôع龻ֵϴ춹ϸ״̬ʧȥ˫֡Ҫ֪ϴ춹ӡʱ򣬴ģƫô
Ļˮľ֮˵˼ǣǰ۲ɾţҪоһ̽ɫ
ǵģЩۣҪĲοıΪĻԺܻԴ
ô죿ˮľʵʲôʱлץһоһ£ֻʬ⾡ԼҲҪ˰ɣѵûתŪ˵ܾ꣬ò̫ã
˵굱ȻеѣԼģû˰ɣ
Լģһ
˵һ룬ˮľͻȻ뵽ɽկ˼
˵ԭˮľģ
ôҲҪоӡġȻǸǰˮľȡеļ䣬걾ҲӡʴǱʻǴڵģͱϵӡô
ģˮľôΣԣԼϡһСľٲˡ
롣
ˮľ˼Ƭ֮˵ȲҪоһ˵ʱ䣬̫ðա
ɽկʼ˵ȫˣҰﲻæ
ţֽ̽ɡʱһ⡭

һֱ󣬹˲쵽ˣˮľ뿪»أõļǺŵĵص㣬һжɽկѾˡ
˳ô
ˮľʵ
޲ͳѾӵΧ䲿ӼˣӦðȫˣǰˡ
֮еĻشˮľҲˡ
ɣȻֱӺһص
ڣ
ˮľѾм˰ɣʱõڶˣҪڣ˵˻ɡ
Ҳã񱨸ô˵ˣ
İɣ

ɫѿĿˮľ񱨸棬ǰˮľʵ
ľݺʱռϴδܵϮʱ򱨸дֻǣȷǲˣ
ǲܹдõ̶ֳȣôҲܰɣÿ˶ľôǿġ⣬ҲᵽǲĽɣ
аʵĻ˵ʵҪˡ
ˮľݱ棬󲿷ֶʵֻǰѰɻķ滻˱壬ȥԼжһοհڣȻյ͵ϮҲͨݵ͵Ϯս˳ش壬һٵı棬Ͳ˲𴩡


325 ǱĬ
Դһָ߼壬ӰһҪûһЩ˽ǲܵģȨϤ̶ȾԲ͡
аֽʹЧʹۣȨһЩϵ߶֪м䣬żҲжЩѾΧġִԡֻд۲ʸʹõĽֵƵʵͣʧһֻд۵ĴۣҲʱǲΪ˱ʹá
ĿǰΪֹǲӵдۣҲû˵ʹǲнİ־Ųر¶֮ǰͲ֪гϸֺõĶ
ˮľıвֹЩвСϸڡ
֮һδǲˣһ൱˲ġݴƶϵĻǲ֮ҹжĿ൱ĴôＫпܶڻΪٵдۡǸãǾʹ桢ֶΣһ鷳
ǲ£ΪεĻӰһ֪ȫƵǲϣֻҪ΢˼һ£ȫš
֪ȫģֻˮסתС־ŲػˣĿӰԳնս֮󣬵ּ̳лӰ֮λʱ䣬м䵽жپϾʹʧö֪ǴеǲΪĳЩԭ򣬲ûȫķá
δ֪Ŀռ𣿳ѱԵСȱ֮⣬˺Ҳ˵Ե֮ǰ־ڲ֮𣿡
ʵˡ
ˮľ
ڱʵ͸¶һЩǲɫĸһЩ²⡱ҲǶľҶһʱҪο
⣬һţδ֪ǲ˻ʹľݣ᲻ῴˣ
ٵĿǰΪֹľݻʮϡüʮ궼ûľǰˣôһʱͻȻðľߣһδ֪ǲˣ̫˾ˡضľҶ֮⣬û뵽˻ľݡ
Ըֵʣˮľ϶شῴģǾʤȯգԺܶණûڣ
ֵͷû˵ʲôһνӴ־Ѿ¶ľˣһֻǸӵȷˣһ˸ķ֡
ɡֺ񱨸ҳ̧ͷˮľ˵鱨ԴûкʵʹҴææ´񣬴ĳЩطȷʵ˲ûгʲô⣬Ǳȼ˵ˡ
ǡ
ˮľʾͬ⡣
ʵʧһ̫źˡһǴӳ⣬ʧʵǱǸˡ
ףѵ˵ִҪ⳥һǿǰ˴æˡ
ʲôأĳһ㽱𣬱Ͼʱӵг˿ң˵ҲǮɡ
СȽܸɣûʲôǮˣҪˣҲ
ĿǰҲԣǮǲܸ̫࣬ǿԶһڡ
мҲУ
̾ͷȽ϶ˮľȱľʱ䡣
ǾԸʵĹͣڰ˰Ľ̵Ҳ¡
Ҳмڣ
ҲֻǲƵѡ

һģһˮľڴϣǲû̫˵עĿľҶϾһߴ壬ڶ࣬ÿ춼ԼɫɫķʱҲ˴С֡ңɽկȫϢ֮£ڸʮֵĵͣһ¿ˣҲӶʹߣҲʶĺˮľߵӰ
һδʧҲûж٣
ʧʵõС
ˮľ̾һ˵
˵ȷʵҪһ׬Ǯˣ쵽ˣݷﷱܵļڣֹ򻨵٣ûˡ
ѵ֪СǼۡһ𣿡
ˮľߵķһۣӵ˵ľͷԣҲֻˡ֪ʲôйϵˣ۸ǵгļǼۣɽлǼۣ˭ˣ
ϵһɽмþҰһǼۣ
˵㻹ϣͽ¢ϣ̧ۣСıԼ̸
ιιôԼ㻹ȱ۰
ˮľûɽկĵ٩ԼԴȻ˵£ǺСһ¸ôɣҪȻʵĽҪϺˡ
оûʲôݾ˶̺ѧʶӲָ֮⣬ľǮˡһ˸֧Ųô顣С֧ԼȻĻԼٳ֣Ʋˡ
㻹ûʲôأɽկ̱˵
Ҫܣ
ǣҹܲţ˵׼ôң


326 㡾ְ
ţȥŻɣһʱӦҲûʲôҪˡпյĻҲԶָһСӣ
ô˵һģһƵͬʱڴҵУе㲻ϰߵġͬһ¶ĻǱһξĺãҪ¶̫ڲͬĵط
鷳°
Ѿ˰ɣܱȴڵѵüһöˡ
˵Ҳǡ
ϴɽկŵӰ죬֮ĽԽԽˡܷǰһһ¶ѵüһ棬Ȼ÷ͱ֮ĲԽԽˡֻƵļ棬ڰķ͵оұֵļҲԽԽˡ
ѵѡ֮£ˮľҲòά־ƽ⡣һʱ䣬Ҳʵڲ֪ô⡣
ĬһᣬɽկͻȻ˵Ȩ֮Ʋܳã⻹Ҫġ
š
ʱӴڶķһһŮӰԶ˹Ǵĺͳ
Ҫȥк𣿡
ɽկʵ
ôսһŲƺеʧ񣡡
ȥɣһе飬Ҫȥһ¡
˵꣬ӡһ˲뿪ԭأֻɽկ

ĸ磬ֻҪύӶѵõ䣬ϲ˿ģȻǸʱеԶֻǵڣѾǰңɼǿһĵˡ
ˮľڽʱİ칫棬һѵϡ
⵱Ȼˮľڷܣʵϣ󲿷ʱ䣬ˮľ͵޾ϸĻˮľҲ鲻ֻǼؼĵطϸֻǹӶѡ
˻˯
ˮľļһ
ʱ칫ҵűƿһӰ˽һ裬ˮľӡǧ活
͵
ô᣿ˮľڨЦ˵ⲻæ͵ôôĹҪݽϲЧ
Сһ߰ʰҵ棬һ˵ĹҪܴ⣬ӵİȫɾأ
ǣ
˵һ͹ˣˮľܵǵСе㲻첻Ҫ͵ˣ
˽⣬Ȼһؼҡ
ˮľ֤
Ǿͺá˵꣬С뿪ˮľİ칫ҡ
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ӡͽߵĹϵʵ̫ӽˣ۲кܴһ鶼غϵġڱе㲻һ֮⣬ܶͷ棬һӡӡٶοһ£ͱһ磬̫ˡڶܲɷֵĹϵӡͽ칫ĵصͰŵúܽ¥Ĺϵһ֪΢ɫһ˵ͺûһ
Դˮľйʵְ֮С;ˮľǲ͵͵ˡ
ʵȫûбҪˮľֲúС˵
ô֮ЧĽ緽һʱģСĻ粻ģӰ޴󣬲̫㡣
˵ˣ̣ͳ˧;Ӷǽ࣬ˮľһǲļżٻһ£ٸǵۣ־ˡ
ȻҪط֪磬̿ԵķֵļӣҪҪص̽飬ǿ϶Ҫˮľͷġ
ĿǰΪֹˮľûз˭ʲôֽţˮľֵĵطǲ͸֪ȥ֣ɾͲˡ
СĲ裬ˮľĿϣһߺһ߷ֱߵļ

ӵȵ°ʱˮľСһҲȲõ뿪ĵط
Сÿ飬壿
ᰡŬһս߼Ҷϰˡ
ս̫࣬е㲻ϰֿˡǰѧУʦʱҲûжѰ
ǻıһ˵ģˮľҲԼƺһ仯
˵СĲʱ仯ϰ𣿡
ȻҪ
СЦЦ˵
ˮԲʱ仯ˣǷˮγɱݵУûκνչƺʲô֮谭
ˮľһƣ֪ͬʱӵѪ޽ģֻиβõĿˮӰڤֲʱ仯γɵѪ̭ҲֻӰ֮䴫СѾһδ֪ںѪ޽ˣڶҲǿ󣡡
Ǹûаæ
˵ǸŶԣûæͼֲȥˣˮľ˽§סС֣е䣬ȥԻɡ


327 
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ָɹۣľҶҲʼ¶̽ĵ̡ռָ֮صĻ֮ԴԴϵĸľҶ岹
Դȡ֮󣬴ҲҹĻٶ塣Ѿʼ˵ҹҲסϲϽͷĳ嶯
ĿеľҶ尡
ˮľһڽϣԹ֮󣬳ɢɢǲġúõĿӵı仯ˮľȤ൱ġ
ǰϢըĺѶϵĳ嵭ˮľǽеĺģ㲻֪µʱ򣬶δ֪ڴоͽúܵˡ
̽ȴкܴĲ֮ͬĸشľҶ壬ܹҲǲģսҴ˺Լͨţиָǿɽ̣ʹĽںܶ⡣֮ɽرɱöˣ綼̴֪Ѿ죬£˵֮ͨˡ
ˣ˵ľҶ壬ҲܾһЩðߴһЩڲͬĶͺñˮľռһЩֵĶֲиصһЩסԼһЩ񻰴˵еʱҲܹһʱ䣬˵˵һЩС
Ȼˣһһ־͸ˣϧСƺϲ̫ĵطˮľһ̫鷳ӦʵóҲϲܾǰˮľ֪ˣСϲоա뿴顣ˮľǰ磬׵ѧŮһ˱ҪĽԼˮľص˻е˽֮⣬ʵû̫˴򽻵˵ˮľһ㴩ԽߵĺĵĻСӾ̫Ϥˡˮľżմ֣СҪûԼĻһǲֵ̫ĵطġǺˮľԺ󣬳ļѺ֮⣬ûչʲôϵ˹ʹС֮⣬ֻоӪСҵ˼ˡ
ˮľΪʵ͵λԲ̫̫˵ԼһЩ˵Ӧ꣬һЩʸĻСģҺʹˣһЩССİãֻǡ
СǲǸӵˣ
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˵λ壬ߴ̯Ȧżǲȱۣ
СϷľҶСӣżһɶŹ֣Աһдšл߲롱Ҳ޼¡ʹľҶ壬߲ս磬СĽСǣߵƵСⶼ׬Ǯġ
ŵƲҲΪġˮľѪ޹ıδ󺺵ļ򣬡´λɣҪȻ³Ȼö٣
οһùˮľҲɵԹСӲ֪ʿɶֹҲ֪󻹿õ˸׳ļһ
ûб˿ռΧµСҲһɢˮľҲҡͷ뿪ط
û뿪Զͱһסˣ
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Ϥˮľתͷһ
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Ϊ½̣¹ǵõ˹㷺ϿɣֻˮľµĻûУûڸΣսеˮľͻڴ¹裬ûཻ̫
аɣֻǸִƺܸ̿ߣеΪѡ
¹̾һ˵
ҲǰʲôˣҲòڤ˼룬˽һ£˵һ㣡
֪¹ͷ˵Ҳǲ⣬Ӹոܴۣɹľٰһ̿ԣһĺûᣬҿܻģһΣ͸Ӳʧˡ
ˮľЦЦû˵¹̺˵ЩҪʲôοֻ֧֣Ķѡ
ܸоʱ䲻ð
¹Щп˵
һ߿ʼΪӵδˣЩǰ˵͵һˡ


328 ֲ
ˮľʦ˵Цˣ¹е㲻˼˵Զأ
˵ЦҲϣɣɳǵļҲܳһ㡣
ˮľ¹ĵʱһӵԳɰ˹ǰ
¹裬õˡףⲻˮľ𣿺þòˡ
˹ꣿ˵ȥʹˣôͻˣ
ˣʹӦ꣬浶ǹһܻۣ
ǻˣǰóϷҲס
ǰ˹ֵһ֧̣һ
ллã˵żȵƻӦҪĻ̾ȫȤˡ
㻹ûʲôرİð˵ţ˹һȦ
ô󣬺Ҳܹ㣿
żҲԹ˹굹Ǵ󷽵ĳˣǰһŤŤ
ˮľ˼䣬Ȼ󿪿ʵ¹Լˣ
ţ˹ͷпվ¹½壬ֻǺӮ
ǸûӮɣһ¹Ҷˡ
˹εЦЦȷʵûӮԲӮ
ȻԼǾͲˡˮľ˵꣬ͻӻ뿪ˡ
ˮľ뿪ıӰ¹ʵ˹ʦˮľʦ𣿡
аɣ˵Ƿ飬Ǹļһ
ȻһξԮﵽˮľԼܵĶݸ࣬ڸֻ֮ǰҽЧõľˮľˡҪ˵Ϧպˡ
ܾˮľʦ˽ƺе䵭¹Щɻ˵˵ˮľʦûֵôġ
ţ
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˰ɣ
¹ƺЩʣ˹¹ļ˵ܹʤ̵ĹˮľǸ򵥵ļһ˵һЩԣ֪һĻҪΪһ̣ˮľԻᴦԼ״̬ġ
һ㣬˹ŲɣɳеķմͲȱϯԼҳߣ͸׼ӰĿˮľС治ʲôʱʵǡʣҲ˾޴ı仯˸еӦȻ
˹굯˵̻ңһһߺ¹˵ˮľʦѧУʱ򣬱Һͺ졢пͿһ꼶ǰͬѧĹϵദҲڵ꼶Ҳв֪ʵϵĲΣҲƽߡֻǺΪûдеԵʣȻˡ˵ƽӹʵҲֻǺЩȣ˵Ѿƽ൱˲ˡ
¹ĵŰ˹¡
һЩ飬м٣клˮľܹܺõĶɹѹأҲ൱סҲľҶǿˣΪҲľҶ̵
ǿ¹Ե
ǿ൱Уֻܾľؿлʤˡд輼գһԺĻҹƺ
¹ͷ˵ģʽҸ˵ô
ԡˡ֮Ϊô򵥣ĿǰֻˣһҲˣһȻҲô죬Ҳ൱˲õؼˡ
˹ʦĿƺҲ˲ڣҲǺ޵¹۾һ̿ʵǺΣգ
ǵȻˣ˹Ȼ˵ӴһЩ鱨еŲģҪЩǰڣֲĴӰΣΣգеͦӢۣ֮־ġ

ûжãۻһµˮľĻؼˡŵ鷿С
ˣ
ˣһᡣˮľ׹
һҪ׼
ʲô£
СĻˮľһ׼֮仹ʲô׼ģѵ˵
ǹģҪļҽưˣԺǵˡ
°ˮľһҲ֪Ǹ˻ʧ˵¾ȥɣҲǳ飬ܵһӻ
ܾе᲻ãҪҳһ
ʲôˮľ߽һ裬᲻Ǿһôô
ǰҾôģҾҪˣ
ˮľĲ豭žһڵϡ
˵ʲô飬Ҳĵ˵СĬʵ˴ֲԣҪ֣ԣҪԼһա


329 
һϣ˵ȥҲȽӡȻҲǾԵģսս¶ǣûգûĶܶࡣҩʦҪǱҩʦҰҲڵ̵֡ĴҲҲû˵˭ǵ˵¡ɽأСͽаأֻ屻ֲɽĶңɽͨ޲˲űɽĳν˵պգʵҲж
Ϧպ졢îϦԼ¹⼲ȵǳƯľɽǡϴͱȽһˡԳɡȮڣŮʲôģǸǲ֪νоϿ֮⣬ˮľжá
ʲôأˮľɫͣı任ƺʲôҪ飬Сɵÿʵ
ѣˮľ̾һ
㻹ڲ£СжҪǽôãҲûԼʲôżģôȲ˵ǧ活ֲ뻻һ
ô᣿ͦģˮľæֱ
̽Լ׳ɵĹзǺݺ͵λ׸Ůڳ޺գǰ֮ãʾһˡ̽Ϊ磬ԵƳϵĴճĹռλҲ֡ȻҲû⣬ΪĳЩܻ䣬û丸ĴĿӰһղ硣
ϰʲôģˮľҲǺ⡣ǲԼΪٵ԰ΪԽߵˮľʵ޷ͬܡˮľ֣Ҫ㲻ԼˡϣʵҲûĹϵʼһʲôʲô˹ܲš
СûоˮľĻشת׷ʵʲôˣõģкҪ̳УõĻҿǲͬģ
ǣˮľӦ
СƢƺЩǰСˣʲôˮľˡ
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ԼȻдˮľǴӷ˵Ҳдˮľȣͨ׵嶼ָ࣬ïʢС
ʣˮľǰĺ廹һ̽磬˼ɽ軨ú͡ïʢСƥ䣬˴С÷һ𳤴ĽӽҲǹϵһҪԭ
Сǧôһգˮľȴܾ˳ϡˮľ֮ߣСһƽӹļһ־Ҫδ֮Լһ̽壬ֻϧ־ʧˡһ׳־δ꣬ͱԽ߸ںϡ
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ҲǲУˮľͷ˵ֻܸо̫ˣǧҲƣ
ˮľĻƺöСһ񾭣Щ˵Ҿ֪ƲԺա
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ûССͷ˵
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ҲԹҰɣʲôľ塢ɽԭʲôģ̫ˡ
˵˵ȥҵǧ治ǰɣ˵һģ
ʱ򣬿ˮľļǵʱˡ
ֻǻһõİɡ
ˮľ˵
˵ĽᾧȻҪһɽ軨СԺա֡ɣ
˫ľ𣿡СŤľ죬˵ҪǺԺգ㲻ţ
û⡣ˮľظ֤¾ôˣ
Ǻá
˵С¶Цݡ
Ǻӵֽʲô
Ҫ롣ʵ̫ͷˣáӡô
ãûʲôص㣡
ǡ飡Ӧò˰ɣ
ͨ
Ӧ˰ɣ
̫ᱻͬѧЦС˵ôϲֲ֣
ⲻô
ԨԴĴͳͦģ
Ȼ㶼ϲǾͻɡҡߡȪɣĸã
һ𰸣ֻкͲеѡ񣬶һѡжͱѡ⣬ͨĻʹˡ
ȻС֮˵Ұɣйоص֣Ժٺܶ鷳


330 Ѳ
֮˽ֻǡ
ˮľôֻŮ֣Ҫкô죿
Сʵ
ˮľڴкͲô鷳ˣ̫ɡɡɣһֱžˣ
˷̬ܵȣʱСøղǸͲˮľ

ڶ죬ˮľСˣٴȥҽԺһ£һǸŮ
Ҫ˵ûбҪһ٣ˮľĸ֪ˮƽֻҪ΢õľͿ֪ñǻҪҲǵһɣˣҪĸˣҪż͵ҲпԭǲǣҲ̫˼鷳
ֻĽƺˮľԤϵϢݵ÷ǳȥˣûʲô˺ˮľ̸£˹ˡ
ѵ˵Ӯұˣ
ϵ־µɽҶ³ڣԳɰ˹Ϧպûȣ¹⼲îϦ֮⣬ûУˮľڶˣûˡ
ԽеĶһûˮľҲɺʵؿ״ĻᣬڴϵˮľĿε¹⼲硣
ˮľЩ¹⼲̧֣ƺˮľк
ˮľ첽ǰס¹⼲֡
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лˣöˡ
ȻѾ޷ΪһΪӳˣԵʱƣܼһѾǺܺõĽˡ
ںεîϦյǺܿ˵С˵ˣϲ㣬Ҫˡ
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ˮľԵ˵иϲģҪȻûʲôʵأ
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ֻܾʹ˰ɣصĹпָһ¼־ߵĺǰɣ
ˮľͷҲֻˣֶΣҲûУͱֲ׾ϸֻô̫Σˣһֲҵ·Ҳء
һҽֶ׾ϸĻᾪȵķ֣׾ϸĽṹһֲϸ𲢲Ǻܴ󣬴ԵĿֱһŻᶯֲ̽ĻͻᷢŴʺͳĿӰǧ伫Ϊơ
漰ϸĳҪľҶĻǾ̫ΣˣˮľľҶûκ֮ء

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ˮľûгЦ˼ߴ󲿷ֶͨս񡣷һսߴ󲿷ֶСһôϲͷ¶棡ڰŰ࣬ˮľͽӴһŮߣ˱ҪĹ⣬ޱ߷ıǩһ۾ĶĸߵԿһȦȦ·ˡ
־СŮˮľһ˲仹ΪһλլŮԽģͳڸִĻĸʵ̫ˡ
ͺãˮľ˵Ǹʲôģ˵ڼӵĽ磬Ҫ𣿡
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⣬ȻҪ˵һ
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ٴ˵Ĺˮľһڸһt¥ϡȻſ֪ļϸڡ
ʽǰû̫仯
ˮľüͷһ壡⿴ѪһʼˮľҲֻžܵļӴ类ƽѶȣûгԸıȨ޽ĹġҲʹñָѣ֪Կ׵Ȼơ
ֽļܲϸԲص̽һû뵽ȫû赲Ⱥ˼Ҳ˵衢ǲǲĻȻǱһʱ᲻֡
©Ҫƺǣܴ󰡣
۸ӵϵµδôǲˣ϶Ҫֹġǲе鷳ˣ˽ӵȨޣӰԳնĽ֮һż״
ֻһҪҪִУͲˮľܹģ˵־Ųص
ֶɡ


331 
ڽͷĽ׶ԱϽ֮󣬸ûжˮľָ̫ʾֻǷԸ۲죬ȻˣˮľҲûиʲô飬ֻǳ⡣ȻûҪˮľ֣ˮľҲֹ¡ôȫƾֵ⣬ҪһЩ۹⣬ǽֳɵ⣬ǲҪķӡͽ裬Ѿˡ
ڸ⣬ˮľҲûжʣλıһп̫ҲûкôĲԼ
Щ飬Ҫˮľúÿһˡ
ɭ֣ˮľҶ׷ƮĴ֮⣬󲿷ֲľѾҪ붬ģʽˡߵأѾʼ뺮ˣůĻ֮廹άһȻ
ԭɭУάһǿȵΣյı֤ǴΣյľ޴󻯶ͳ桢ߵȵȡ϶Լ޵壬̿ԱزٵĿ
ļûʲô⣬˵Ҫʵ̫Σյļһʵ֤ȫ
ڣһ̿Ե٣ʹǶȹĻָҲѴﵽĳ̶ȣ˵һ̿ԣͶһҵʱˡֱѩڵ紺˶̵ķڣʹø޷ʹɭΪ̿ԵԳ
طˣֳҷɫγɹٰ̿Եĵطҡ
ԭһε̿ԣҲ뿴еļһΡ
һξ塣ʱһǰ׼ʹһҩ̼ĻԣڶҲһĻԾ̶ȡһͨרߣ÷ָԵĿƷʵпͻ޲𹥻ġס
ֻΪݵĺۼ̫صĻڸˣľҶĴ˽ҲѱиµеĹƽԾͺѾˡ
ȻУѹ顣
Ȼָ״̬ѾˣľҶ˹趨ά֣飬Ҫ취ˡ
˲ʱˮľѾоֻµľԡҶķï̶ȼ½ʹÿСӵսޣ񻯾Ͷó͵ϮͰɱ߼ƽ
ңⲻˣȻΣգҪԴΣյĶкܴһ־Ǿ޴棬ϧˮľתôãûֻ
ٴǿҲ棬Ķ߰
ˮľ̾һڣòΪһʱԽ
ڵɭ棬ˮţϬţҰʹﻹֻΪʳϡ٣һήҲͻǵҲȱȻˣꤵʳԵøӵױһ¡ֻҲǿѾˣҪ˶ߵļˡ
ˮľǵģЩǶȻͬķճ̶ȣֻ̫ˡ
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ȻЩ٣ʵǿʵ̣һСҲ﷭˵͸ԶԸˡ
µĽǣ󲿷ֿȻĿ飬ǼùܽΪ˾̫ǿҰ޶ȫûˡ
˵ҲʵһӰ̫࣬һ̿˵Ͳһˡ
ִȻ仯̫ӦԣͶȡɵķõĻͲòķˡ
ˮľѲʱ򣬸֪ͻȻһϤĲ
ǣľҲ̫˰ɣ
ˮľɵüӿ˽Ųһᣬй۲ˮľͿеǲ
ǹƴˡ
һ˵ԽɭֵΣǲԶġܶյ޵ΣؼиָΣգĻ˵ģˮε̵ðʧ׾ڲ֪УȻѪһ˽ֹս;ѹǴݿߵҪءϢҲҪˡ
·ڼֻѾ׼ɽʨҲࡣḻսǰһֺ;߲̾ٿؼˮľΪ̾ò˵һɭУҲһĵġȻˣתΣѾ󽵵ͣҲľĽŽҪ֮һɡ
һᣬͷ޴ɽʨ͵Ľ£Ҳڵػָ
սˮľ߳ľӰ


332 Ⱥ
δ֪춯Ͻվֳֿ޽䱸ķ
ţҡ
ˮľʦ漴е㲻ڵ˵û뵽ˡ
ÿˮľЦЦ˵û׷˽ص˼ͲЩСˡ
ǣлˮľʦˡ
Ҳ֪ԼΪǲģϻ۵겢޶ֽۣҪĵطͷ϶òɵ˽Ϊ
ʵϴμʱǿˣ̤ܳʵصУúܺãһ̿ԣͨĻܴ󡣡
ľû
һŬģ
ʵͨ̿Ӧò£һ̿;жϣʹúܶ˺ֵܶĻᣬ̵ĺֹܿܲ¹һˡ
мˣˮľӣϸļһ¿Ҫļͷɽʨ״
ױ̶ȴӣѾǰ𣿹Ȼϣ
Ѿһˣǲʵػشˮľ⡣
һ˰ʲôо
ȼ֮ǰоտܶ࣬ĶﶼǿöԸ
ȻˮľƲⶼ࣬ԪĻʹһЩ޷سÿ˵ص㼫ƫսҲŶսԡԶΪʤǿֵĸӵԡ˾Υڶ˵ĳˡ̿ԣҪѡεǺʵ̣սǿ̣߲һȫһ¡
ˣˮľѾòˣ̵ᣬӦ˵ˡ
ҲûˣҪһ𣿡
áͷͬˡ
߰ɡ
ˮľת뿪ҲϽһصѪζܿͻʳǰ鷳ԶȽϺá
ˮľʦΪڴ˭ǿ
˵ġǿָһһľĻӦǿ
ΣͷһʦҲ˵ƵĻ˵ҲκˣѶԸģΡ
ε;ưǣ˵ͱذɣûʲôԵ飬ֻ㴦ǿ϶ġ
ˮľʦҺĲģ
˵𣿡ˮľָָ˫ۣȻѪ޽磡ۿףȭʵǿܹķӳʵơдۣڻֻ״̬ɣӦû磡˫ܹĨƽѪ޽ϵĲ࣬Ҫǿ
дۣ˵еΪˣƺû̫õİ취ʱڽ
д۵ĽѵǴͲǿۡǴһҪ׵öࡣڵʹáȻԼӣỺļǿдֻۡҪ۵ǲˣ˳֮󣬻ĲΡ
ȻˣһҲžľҲ٣Ͼд۾ǲĵдգԽǿҵУд۵Խǿ
ĬһᣬͻȻˮľʵСӣǸܹǿӰѧϰЧʵķӡˮľʦĽ̵ɣ֪ܲƵӿٶȣ
รСӣʵؾ
ðˣȻеΣҲ֪ԼĻе³ˡֻǿʵƤһ
̸ܽ㣬һʱҲѧᣬСӣѧҪһʱĻ۲СҲô飬ǸӡľᣬѾΪ͸Сӣˣôʹþˡܹ˵СӣҲûʲôֻǡ
ˮľ˶Ȼ˵ϣڴʹ֮ǰһ¿ʦʱ򣬰˵Ļתһƽ񲨶ķӡȡᣬأ
أ૵ĸһˮľĻȻ˵Ҽסˣллˮľʦ
ÿ
ϣʹԺ󲻻ڣ
Ծҵľ񲨶ΪʳдۣƵʹ˵Ǻǻ˵ӿĻѧϰȴһ̶ѹд۵ĽȴûΪԺõʹдۣȿдۣдԼٻѧϰѡ񣬾Ҫľʦˡ

Ӱ칫ңȡˮľĸҲоɭֵ鷳
ȻԤеĻأ
ô죿Ҫط𣿡ˮľʵ
У˵طȫ޷ַ֤ˮľŶһվ¹ʵʲôð취ô
취УֻҪˮľʦˣҸִõæ


333 
鷳Ҫǣ浽Լϣˮľɫʱԭֻǽάļ飬˳ҪŪɭֵʵ״̿ԿĽû뵽̯ô鷳顣
¹Ļ׷ʵ巽ʲô
ýı仯˹ͶŶʳάʳת
¹
Ҿ֪СҪԼ鷳ʲôС仯Ϊڼջ裿
磿ôô
¹óһļݸ֡
׼ⲻǸ˸װɣ
ˮľǳ鶯һ£û˵
ķһ¹ݹļȻתˮľ
㿴ܲʵ֣
ˮľӹ˿ݣȻʹڣֻûʲô̫õİ취¹ķԿʹûʵؿ죬˽ĲǺǴҪԵ⻹׵ġ
ɭеĽ磬һǿԵġֻǻ˴ĴۣΪʲôѡһطһ
Ȼ鷳һ㣬ֻҪͶ룬Ŀؼֵֵõ⡣һֳɵѵΪӰһ̿Ծʹ󶯸ɸ꣬ǲ̫ġȻˣ¯ҸʵطһҲüջһô
ִǰҲƵ⣬Ҵȷʵвֹһɭֵĵطڻ֮ڣҲʵĵطԽءֻǺķˣΪάֻ̫һ͹ˡ
˵˾Ǯ⣬һ궼ò˼εɭ֣ٽһͬȫûбҪ
һ⣬ʱ֣Ҫʱ䣬Ч֮Ťת̬Ҫʱ䣬üô
ҵʱ䣬ܲܽ⣬Ǹδ֪ɲһһ￪ůҪĵ󣬿ͨķ϶ǲˣֻߵĲ©
̿ʼʵʩҲ
ˮľҡҡͷ˵ǲһ͵ģɭĽ¶ȣһҿֻҪ⣬һܾͿɣ͸ĽҪһҵʱ䣬׵ȶҪһܡµʱ䣬ô
̽û̫֣ڻ֮תֵüΪԡ̫漣ˡ
ѵЩΪѵʵ
˵¶ߣһоѸٻָˣĺдȡǿԸıһЩ飬ǲľѿŻ漰￪ʼһ̶ȣŻиʳ︴գ̬ŻָÿһһһһʱܹģµʱҪһѡ
ˮľ⣬һԵ¹ԵˮľʦǲǿΪһ̣˵棬ĵײʳȻָ߲׽һЩɭ
֪ж鷳ô¹裿ˮľЦŴάֽѾҪֻˣʱ£
¹׼شֻҪһЩDСȥɲ׽ˡ٣һҲǺ¡
ôǸԼĿѶȣ㻹ǹ۵ģ¹衣ˮľҲɵЦЦðɣһ˵еһЩС½ҲԣǽôЩˣҿԺһɭֵĽ磬άôΧĽͲôһܹʤεģҲΪڵľҶܹ˷ֵط
ͻȻ˵һ㣬Խ
ˮľȵĿŸʵִˣô฻ԣ£ɲҼ̾ͿԵģҪ󣬻Ҫһ̶ɲó
ľҶвߵġֱĿˮľһۣŲǱߣԸһЩ

Ȼ־ŲĸҪ̿ԣˮľһ
ʱ򣬾ҪŽɹѹأǹµʱҲҪִ̫ǱѾüҪǿ̿ԵİˡøɭֵĽҲһûᡣ
Ųسϣ¹Щɻƺֺˮľ˶еɵ
ˮľ¹ļ򣺡ЩʱҪģɣ
ʱ֪ŲصıѾĻָڵˮľҲɵý
㸸ûи˵ˣֶЩ¹˵ľҶߺܶ඼ϲǴҶľҶҳϡ
仰˵Ҳкܶͬˮľ˵ȷʵᱳľҶǺܶȻϲ


334 Ĵ
¹ҲûЩ飬˵ˮľʦո˵˵Ҳеָ̬һ㣬̿϶ǲеģҲֻܲ׽һЩ̫ǿĶץӣҲ϶ǲõġǲҪŮ
Ͳˡְڰ˵ٳʦϡȱԴܶطõϣС׼ϡҲ̫Сˡ£ˮľͿԴˡ˵ǰɣ
˵ţ̽ѰĿˮľ
ǡˮľεĵͷѹեÿϰıرܡ
ˮľСоѾĺü£ɹҶõȫҩֶŪʱķֳӦҲõ
ֲµҲûȷʵУǾɫҩҩһֱˮľΪҩʹãҲֻĨȥ׾ϸʱùΡʱ򣬻ûóû뵽Σдá
̥ڵˮĸֳзҩ漰ˮ͵ĿֳЧʵ̫ǿˣƫʹ䲻ʺ϶ʹãǶʱҪʱʵ̫ˣ䵼»εĸʺܸҲ޹ؽҪھ޴ǰһж΢С⡣

ѵˮľɵҵָڰ˰еɽկ̵Ѿβˡ
оôˮľ忴һᣬȻʵ
йоءΪһٳʦ˵ˡ
ˮľͷϱսѾģˣȭȮڣĹ֮£ܹôʱ䣬Ѿܲˡ
治֪ʱسʲô壬֮ǲֶ̰̫صСӵжģ±飬ʵϿ϶Ҳ֧ˡ
Ҳ˵ȷʵһЩҪǽԺ˵ɣʱûʱЩˡ
ˮľ忴һᣬԼ첻ѧǵˮƽѾˡ
չУ߶ԶҪһ̿ԣܱһβ׶٣
ЦЦȻʵ֪ˡصظΪ˵°ɣ
ˮľ۹ľҶ̵鵱ȻǺҪǵڰ˰ĴʦΪɣ̶ǼӵܣҲʮȽѴʦĽ̵ֻܾڰ˰ߵ޺ͳɳٶȡʵӰСǻһˮľλϣҲӰΪֻ̣ʱпѡ
ҾҪŲؼˣˮľԼ˵Ŀġ
ŲأûʾԵɲҪ˵ģϸڿͨá
ڵı񣿡
ųǿ˭£
ҪȥĹɲģ
áˮľܾ˵ͱ𣬲ѷ֣Ѿ¶£ֻҪĵĻܷеĲġ
˵ģͲһӰ죬ͨĻ˺ʹ˼֮ҰһˮľʵҲܵͨӰ졣
Ǳ̫ΣˣҪˣǷͳ޸֮ľԴ֮ˮˣһʧ
ˮľ̾һ˵Ҫ򽻵ģ˺ǲɳꡣŲҲһֱܶ
Ȼ⣬ҲȰסֻǣ㲻ô³çĳȥɣ
Ѿˣ˱񣬾ƻƴĶü־鱾ľ񡭡
ôɫѿʵ
˱ңŲصָ£滵Ź֡
ðɣû뵽Σʱ򱬷Ѿ׼ˣ
ˮľĬĬת漴¶·֮Ƥϸֳһķӡơ
ϵķӡʱߣѾú壬һͻʱͻ֪ѾˣҪϿʼִмƻ
áһҲԥˡô죿
飬ѾǸˣִиƻ
ô
תȻӡŵֻ֮
ô᲻⣬ЧӦѾˡ
ƽӡȻɿģΪѡѡȫҩԼֻֻۣǺ̫Ԥϣɹʲߡ
ðɣѾô࣬Ǿô죡

ɽկ̸˺ܶ࣬кܶؽеĺ֣ΪԷһ׼ġĹؼˮľҪʱ䣬ңһʱûϵҩʦˣԷƺûм׵Ĵ㡣ˮľҲǺܵģԼżٴЩˮľǴѾˡõ֮ˮľиʱĿǰ


335 ʿɶֹ
ȻڴΣ֮УˮľҲû̫̻̲֮СһжֻԼĲ²⣬δѵĺҲѾ׼ˣʣµҲֻܼˣҲûô㡣
˵øʲôǵøʲôܱδ֪鷳ѹ壬οﻹӺδĺӣôܾʹĻң
ÿˮľǹ첻Ǵɭʵؿ죬ڰ칫ƽͼˮľǰΪһͼԱӣΥҲ˷ǳĸп
ڸĹûȫչȻҪôı䶯ô͸ɴһϵĶɲԽϾԽмֵʱļǷչĻʯ㼶Ĳ࣬µĽ϶ҪǰĸǿЧʡ
ŲǱߣʱ̫żȵҪɵʱҲüھͽЩѾˡ
ʣµϢʱ䣬ˮľҲСߣӵҲƽ

е㺮ҹˮľƿƹݵĴţ̧ͷܿ˿׼֮󣬾ֱ˹ȥ
ˮľѾȺʱľ
ˮľҲûпߵĶ
ɲϲپƹˣôͣ
մ֮ûãȵ¾ůůӡ
֮ˮľüͷһ壬̿뺯
ǵģȥ֮治Ǹò¡
ɽؿɲǸô򽻵ˣд˵ƴ۸ӣ̣֮С̣ûƽﶼȶ˾ơ
ľҡҡͷ˵һҼĵе㲻һûִ˵е󡣽䱸ɭϵģȫûɻĻᣬʲô鱨
ˣ
ˣûۼˡľ˻İ״ƿĲоƣȻԼٸˮľľƱϣôʣҲǸ˰ɣ
Ѿһʱûй¶ˣҲûκϢ˻Ҳʱȥ֮ķǳΣգ
ˮľɲǻɣ֪ɽѾˣڳȨ껢ֵ֮֮ҪĻܶܲ
ΣջȥôΪľҶ̵ԾǲǸô
ҲǡˮľЩȵľƱһ˵ɣʲôңܲΪ˱ԹһҺȾưɣ
ҴĻ˺ܾãʵʱѹһдۣ
ͺãûʲôѡһ·նߵյ㣬ǶԵӰ첻һ
ǸᣬԹˣЧǲȷʵһЩеЧܺãҲǺ޷ա
ѹե̫ܹǲõģСһﲻ֪ƣʲô˺Ͳˡ
ȻǸˡͷҵĵġ
ƽ񲨶ܵģԭⲿвķӰ˺ĵǺǿģһֵľ񲨶ƽǻڲͷšʹһ̶֮ʵϢǹ͸֧
ͺܻУٳڶʱĴ뼫ȲӦ״̬ѹ⣬൱һʱͷţָĵ֮£ԽӰ콵͡
ЧǽӰ۵Ķʱ˺ͷţپָĻ壬ڱͻȻľ˺ѹ塣ֻҪ֮ʵͲκ˺Ȼǲ˾Ͳһˣд츳˾ʮֵĲ
һ鷳ǣѾܴʱ˴ֵܹĴȻֵ͸֧˵ɸ鷳
ľĵģˮľ֪ˣСӣǱˮľϸʹõĽɣˮľ׼ˣȲԼĵӣҲԼѧҲֲ̫á
£벻̫õİ취ϾҲʱʱ̶̿
ɭ֣
㶼֪
ջûã֪ɣɭֽڸ죬ʵʩ˾ңô᲻֪²ңʱˣҲǴ¼ɣ
̿𣡡ľ˵Ҵˡ
ʱҲˣˮľ˵ǱҲ̫ģСӣûѧᣬһ˶ռǲܵġСӣǺصģûôʱʱСӣһʱͷĿɲβܵġ
ӿôллˣˮľ


336 Σ
ĿǰˮľҲֻͨСӣ߼ӿһѵǿȡڵƿ֮УҪΪҲڷӡľֻһСӣԸæ飬ĸܹܱ߰˵޳ĶѾΪѵˣҪСӣлᣬΪһ֮˽ˣڵ
⣬ľѡ߻ǲǴ˽ģˮľöֻ֪һǲԸѾǱˡ
д۵ĳɳӦúôûô
дۣڳΪ֮ǰȫˡ޷Ƶд۵ĳɳȡʵʵڵߣȽȽ
˾ͺáֻԺ᲻Թ
ľ̫ˡȷʵд۵ĳɳǣһĵ;صдǲ׼ȷġд۵ĽһɲġӵдۣԸе
˵ĻˮľҲӿ۵һԼͲͰ״ԽҲżʣ츳ǿĿ۾ʹĲһֱӴͲҲǲܡ۵ĽȣΪһ⣬һ˲ͱֲ

ˮľصҵʱʱѾˡƿŵˮľķ֣Сû˯
ôϢ
˯ţ飡
ˮľɨһСŵķ棬ٿϷŵļ飬ǰСôӢС˵
飬ԽԽ˯ô
˵Ĺ£һǵĺӽʲôˣ
ôŮӢۣ
ûУС̽ô˲ŮߣһŮΪǵС˵ҲֻһЩŮĴ˵
ôһᣬŮߵӢС˵ֵ۲һᳩҲжд
пյʱдһЩС£Ժ󽲸ǵĺ
ܺðֻҪǵŮԺҪƨкӾͱþͺˡ
ãСЦȻƧе˼Ҳǲ⡣
һôƻĸףԺ϶ᱻƭˡ
ƻлǡ

һºˮľ¹ɭ档
տʼã¶ѾʼˣҪ֮̿ǰﵽǰ״̬ܡ
ˮľ֪
¹˵Ҫﵽһ̿Եĳ̶ȣֻҪΪˡ
ѩ֮ǰͽ¶ߣûоļ尾ļٰ̿ԣԿ˵جΡ
һβɱܶ᰾ȥ
һ˹Ԥ죬ĶηָѩڵĿֲɴ˵Ļսˡ
ȶȹѹذɡ¹˵ҪʼͶô
ٵȵȣҪľʼѿС
һյĻУûֲṩĹȫʳߵĻͼֲȥʹ¶ˣǶĹҪܶ࣬ľ
һԺͶһʳЩﶼˡ
Ķɭ棬ʲôãֻеָŻὫ˹ͶŵĶתΪ֡
ðɣͰˮľʦ˵ֻǵͿʼˣһѾ׼ã͵ˮľʦˡ
ţǰ׼
˵¹˵ڽά֣󣬽˽֡ʱ򽻽Ҫˮľʦ
֪ˣ
ʽ͡ߴ򽻵һ첻Զˡ

ˮľǰͷļһŵĶס沿¾ˮľûκӡ
ˮľǵվһ꣬ʮңؾصĴŰߡֻװòˮľ࿴˼ۣȫû¶ƤдӸ֪д΢оˮľȷϣһŮڰߡŮȡ
׼棬ֶ¶ˣŲصҪʲô
˵ˮľֻǴڻ֮еĻŮȡ׼ѾǻʵԼҩٵֳֶ棬ǲǲҪ̫ʬܽɭֱɷĹ
㲻ִΧּǳ䲻ĴˣҲ˷
ôʶҵͬ飿¾κʵ
ֻ£ǲǲ̫ʣϾ¹ش󣡡
รʵʤô¾˵ж룬ͻᱻãΪ۵ġ
ж룿Ǿ˵άֽ磬ǻ񣿡ˮľƵʵ


337 ·ת
ˮľʣ޶Ե¾ƽشǵжҪֻ֪Ųش˸ûйϽǵȨ
ӰҲܲǣ
ǸִȻʵ
Ǿ˵Ҫ飬Ӱ֪
ˮľͱ˵⣬¾ȷʵ޷ϣֻܳĬ
ǲڻӰֻŲسϵķԸ
ƵɣһڡߵĲ
ô˵ˣ߳ŭ
¾ڰֹ֣˴
ǳĻǵжľҶڰбľҶŲش쵼ġҲʵǿ󣬵ţ㲢ûǵʸ񡣡
รͦ󣬾ǲ֪ǲʵҲһˮľ˲ɫסߣһתʵǿǿҲҪĵ飬ֻҪǲְţҲùֶʲôĿ꣡
ˮľһգŵնʱ͡
¾Ҳûе˼ã飬Ƕɣ
̬ȣȴԲɵһŲᣬˮľҲʲʲôϢˡ
ǾˣϣҪøִʧ
˵꣬ˮľת׼뿪
ˡˮľƺͻȻʲô飬ͷ˵ǿܲ׸֮Чʲô׵жĻÿһܲùҡ
ˮľ뿪ıӰŮȡʵô죿ץ񣬻Ҫִô
¾ȻԸĵ̣ûơû֮ǰҪݾߡ񰴼ƻ¡
ˮľĻȻֻвƣҲ˲ò˭Ҳ֪ɭֽĸ죬ˮľǲֽš

ɭ֮⣬ոմů紺ĽҰ⣬ˮľҲɵý˽©ڡ
ûеһʱҲ̬ҲǿӲΪûаգԻң
һֳǿӲ̬ŲغϲֱȡҪĽȻˣʱҲһСֶΣľҶľ˷ïɱ̡֮͡һĴӣδû־ŲƲʵҲۣԶľ˷ïʹˮľһ̽ûУˮľòˡ
Ρ˲٣ҪϢ°ˮľǲܵġǰСʹûȻض֮϶Ѿ˺Ƥˡʲôʾί߶ùǾ˵ûаˡ
˵һˮľеѵĻŲҪǿԳ֣Ӧкܴɹ
ѵ˵Ųر⣿˵⣿
ֲȫܵĲ²⣬ʱˮľĵвڣԼзͥıǮˡûдͫףӲƴʵĻˮľһҲ𡣼ʹвҲҼ֡
Ҫҩʦȷһ£˵ʲôϢ
ˮľʱóһ˵Ը֮˵ǿңֻǣһκҩʦףΪģûˮľϵеʧˡ

ļ죬ˮľʱһɨеȻü޵Σʱ֣ˮľҲоɲ١ȻŹƴĿܣ˺õĻᣬŲضûг֣˵һʱԼǰȫģÿһʱ䣬ˮľиİӦδ֪ǹ
̿ԵٽˮľҲƫߡΪԼְĹڰ˰Ĵ̣ˮľòʱΪԼѧġˮľĹ۵Ȯڣʱһξ롣ս涼Ѿˣ̿Լǿ飬Ҳһĥߵϴ֮ӺĻ̿ԺȡöĽͿɼһߡ
ˮľʦûдǳȥһЩĵ飬׽Ұ£ʵˡ
ѵϢ֮࣬ȮڣıԹţŮ־ΪӳͳһЩȥɣжʺ̵Ȼ󲿷ֶΪ̿׼ֻЩǲ֪Լÿһ񣬾൱ڸԼѶȡ
ˮľ˿һȮڣ˵𣿡
ѡȮڣ˼ش
ȻѣԼɲͺˣѵҪҿǲŰģ
Ȯڣʵһ㶣ȻŷӦ˵˵ˮľʦܴܲȥһЩ߼ǺҰ޽Ͼûʲ˼
̽޺ܶ࣬ǿҲżʣֻ̫̫ͣױƻˣŪˣܶʱʵûзӳͱɵˡ


338 ȱ
߼񣿡ˮľҡҡͷ˵еæ
ˮľҲûȥߣֻɭǱܵ˶ţһʱѲ÷У±ҩʦơˮľϰϢ̫ˣʲôһϢѾ۲ˡ²ķӡܹо͸ҩʦҲòźˮľˡ
ң񶼺æҵĽĸҲǣһѵʱ䶼ûС
һԵŮ־˲Ե쵽ˣ̿ԲԶ˰ɣ
̿ԣԭˡȮڣȻ򣬡һľҶٰ죿ֿԺͲٸֹˡֻϧ˺ڣμӲˡ
ǲµˣҪҴϾûʽˮľε˵һƼǲμӣǱָҸǿţ
ţˮľʦǼ࿼Ŀ𣿡
ǡˮľϵ鷳飬ӦòңҪȻܾûܹͨˡ
ˮľļʶŪһ鷳̽ʵ̫ˡ۽ߣҲζˮľ٣׼ȻüߣѡεĿľͲˡ
ϧΪܹˮľʦõһЩĻϢ
ˮľȮڣļ򣬡úбʲôɿ̿ԻʱɲҪԼ̫

Ӱ칫ңˮľЩĵվڸֶ棬ŽһķԸ
ʱˮľԼȷʵӵǱʣôһʱ䣬ܵһһŸֵźٻѾ൱ˡֻǴˣ˾Щڡ
Ųд㣬鲻ʲô
ֵǵ־ŲػԴӲǣ˽µźͺΪ鷳ҪӰеΡ
ҪʱҲʵһô
ͷ۵Ŀ˿½չԼдġ˽
ˮľ˵ҵǲŲسʲôıɭֵĽƵģҪЩֽŲף̿Եʱ򣬻ӵʲôõ飬Ҫǵ岻ͲˣȻη壬ν鷳ܱĻǲҪֵĺá
㶢һ㣬ʲô鷳֪ͨңԾ͵شãŲ̸
ˡŵУ˶ԡֵ߳ȨͲ̫ʵڲУżëҲΪǿ
ַˮľı飬ϸȨеףҪǿİţ˵Ѿû̫ˣ
ˮľͷȷϵشֲҪΥʱֻҪ̿ǼΪҪˡ
ˣѶȶǿģͿԸԸѡ
ǾͺãôɡһͿԿʼļ̱ˡ
̿ԿճУǾٺòˣΪһЩƳٵĻȻҲûʲôҪģǱϾϹҲסΪչ¶ʵʢᣬΪһЩСƳ٣ҲֻͽЦ
ˣһҪע⡣ͻȻһ飬߰ಹ̡ɽз硣
֪ˡ
ˮľȻĵͷûɽз磬ǺǰʱǸŮȡһԶδΪ־ŲصұۡľҶʮ̴ͣʮֺʣսͣһҲ൱һһټĸ֪ߣΪŲص߼ǲҴҲܹڹؼʱΪɱؼɱﵣĿУ˵ͰϵĶѡǲ
ԭˮľΪƻеˣֱСӣ¶ѵֵʱʶֳţʱӦûڽŸѵŲгΪŲصĹ߻ءְƷԾͲᱻɳ䵱ֹؼĽɫ
ֻǣִΪʲôܾԴжļһҪһʵѡӦòѰɣ
Ųص޷Ҳ֧Ųص
ˡ
˵׻Ųǲǲȫ壬Ȼ󲻶н֮²ܵġֿ֪òǺϿ϶ǲܵġ
ɽз磬С߿Ρ鱨ľҶȴڴﰲȫ١
һȱСӣʮκɽоҰСӲȻǺˮľй֮ԵİŲŮߡ־һų͵̣ʵҲйоصİŽ˲š
֪˺ˮľҲ֪Գɰ˹Ĵ㡣һ¹ߣ޶ȵֵʮսǵʵͨ̿ˡҲֻǰ̿ΪһζĻѡ


339 
ĵһѩ٣µúܴһҹ֮䣬ͽĿ֮ȫȾɰããһƬɫƮɵѩȻѾͣˣȻûзļ󣬿ӣȵٵһ㣬ֻῪʼѩ
ȻԽԽ䣬ˮľļȻů紺ִܵƼѬգϰ˶ůıôԼٽļ尾Ҳ֮ǰʵֶΣ޷Լˬﱣůǿġ
Ҫ˵̽ĿƼˮƽõǼпܵģʹѶȣߵֶδһ£治ʲô¡гļõϸӰӡľҶ߼һͻ¥ˮľҲ̽ɫյϵͳȴû΢ͻΪ豸Ǳ
ڴһͯУˮľ˹С˵ѩѵõĴѩ̵ĺʱ򣬶Ҫŵĳ˵Ͳôĸоˡ
𴲵ˮľ׼֮󣬾ͽСˡС˯ʱԽԽ࣬أˮľͽӹ͵Ĳ¡ʵ֤ˮľһʦ츳ģζ㣬ķ˻ܳԵġ
ѵܰʱ䣬ȻỹҪţˮľе㲻Ը
ţˮľҿ˺ö೩С˵һ˾֣
֣ˮľҧһе㿾˵˾˵
ֻҪǸӢ۵һѶܿ;Ҳۺûܱ⣬Ȼ𾴲Ҳ˵ʲôãܻӭĶͬһܸ࣬ое֡
ֻͬһ࣬СáϵУ
ˮľЩĵĻشţעȫʵȥˡ
Ҹ˵أСе㲻˵
֪ôе뷨˽ˮľĵõġ
һ˵ãԸļ֣Ӣ۴С˵ĳһҲ֡ˮľ٩٩̸ȫûбСס
ˮľĻشû˵úСһᣬȻ׷ʵ˼ǣ
ܿѵ̫࣬Ӣ۲ˡ
ˮľ٩ĻʱǵСһЦ
ô̽ͨƽģǰҲƽĺӣ
ôʵˡǿãǡ˵ʵûʲô˵ĺ÷
Ȼеͨ˶ˮ֮УǾ󲿷ֹòãҲʵΪ߱壬ʱĴׯ屻ǿΪһżʡЩط޲ߵҲǴڵģͨ˲һֵó̺ߴʽߡ
ľҶ˰ˮľǲҲ뵱Ӣۣ
ÿкСʱˮľЦŴ
أ
Ժ֪ˣӢۺΣգˣʿˡҲ뵱ʿ
Ǿ˵ӢλǴڵģ˱ˣǽƻ
˵ˣⲻнƻлǣ

Թ֮ˮľĴլȻðźſڽӴ
õˡ
ˮľ˸кȻƵĴ£ѾٹεĶСݡ
һûмԺϰȭˣټͶڲѩɨԺ䡣
ѩǰ°
ˮľ䲻סıԹĺҲʮֵܡ
ǰƿµĴţһůѾˡ
þòˣ峤ˡ
ˮľߵ
Ůˮľʦ̵гδʾл
ˣʵҲû𵽶ãǳ츳ˡ
ˮľǿľúԼϵ
ǫˣٳڿǰһߣһĵعĴС㡣
ˮľЦЦû˵ʲôѾ½ŮΪ̳˵򣬶ԳŮͲϣˣֻǳڸ׶ŮĹػˮľ˵һˡ
˵꿪ףɫ˵ڰۣѾṩ˲оɹʮָлˮľ̵Ĺס
Ӧġ
ˮľͷ׶ѣȡ裬˭á
ǣڰۣһܴɻˮľ̵
รʲô
۵ĽһЩǣһ£Ȼ˵ˮľ˵Ĳǿͬ۵ĵӣܹɱȰ۸һתۣһ²⣬ûʲôĴ󲿷ֳҲǱȽƫֿԡ
Ȼͬҵоɹôʲô⣿
ܴ󡣡ƺеԥȻЩ²Ӧˮľ֪ԱҳҲʲô£ǣһȷʵҪһ


340 ɱ
ԹĵҶ
˵ϸϣҪ˵۽ת۵ķʹòǿ۵ķûУʹ˵İǿ۵ķδš
ⲻӦõôҪ֪ˣˮľʲô£
񣡡
񣿡ˮľһᣬȻȻ򣬡ԭˣˡ
ˮľʦѾˣͲҶˡ
ˮľͷȷʵԡ
ʹĿʲô˭ܷϣӡ˵ڼҼԶԷּȡᡣʵϵĴϵ˶ΪΪ˷ֹʧſġô
ԴѾɿ֤ˡһһڼҶάҵΪΣÿһԳ֮Ͳӱܵˣڼҵļ̳ˡ
ǣδ֪ϸת۽ʽϵһ˻Ǿ͵óһʮֿЦĽۣӵʵֵһĻǴǰᲢȡۣ񶼿԰ڼ
ƫƫҪĲϣһ֪תҪΪ˵ˣҪֻ۵ĳ֣ҶҪеѪ޽ǲĴڡ
ĻˮľҲ˵нת۵ķĻʵֵĿԻ൱ȻԷּҲƽֶҲ̣ܲǣǧս߹̽壬ȫ֮ȡת۶ɹѹأҲǲ顣
ֻǣؼһȱʧͺܹˡǡıڼҾũȦּҾһȺ׵⤣ȵ˼֮Ϳɱ˳⡣ǣѾˣŷûɱҲ֪ȷֻܿһȺɵۡ
ʹ֪ﲻ͵Ȼѹ˵ֻƬﶼûб֣Ͳòǵˡ
ַͲչ
ͷȷˮľĻ
˰
ɱֻǶˣǻ˵ҪǴûӵйĻǾ˵ѵһʼڱ˵ڼң˵ʲôũ򣬶ǱѡͷȽϴһֻͷ죬ɱũˣòĵط
ˮľļֻۺԼıԴϢϢأǰۣˮľȴǺֻȣ۸Ͳ̽ԭסӵеģԴͲľһߣֱӴߣ˵ĵܴܵͲľĺύò岻αģģԼػħĴͲľ˵ôĹϵˮľͲ֪
ˮľҲͬǵĵǵô
ȻһжпܵģǣһʼеĽ۶ûоʵ֤˵òԼռۺϳת۵ķѵ峤Ҫһô
ҡͷϡ
˵Ĳ²ȻҲ޷֤
Σպܿ£δ֪˵ǰ
һֱΪٵ峤ԽܵĲΣգ򲢲еôߣ˵顣
峤Ҫʲô
ȷǷһԶδ֪ˣУҳġ˵ʲôĿĴǣԲκ־ܡ
ˡҸô֣
ṩˮľһݣɲɣϣϢ͵ˮľΪֹ
Ȼ
һǳʵŵ⣬ой¶ˣˮľҲûʲôôƽջĵӡ
Ϊ˼ǿԼߵĳ룬˵˵飬ȷϵˣһֻۣҵˣٸһֻ
Ļʱˮľ˫۷Ź⣺˻Ѫ
¹ȫ尲Σò¡ڼôռһЩ˵İۣǲôظˡ
Ȼǿտڰ׻ŵֻҪˮľóƾʵݣҲ㻹ˡ
Ҫõ֣ƺ̫װ
óһʵݺƲܺŪȥתۺϳɷһˣҪ򸶳ôĴۣľ;ԲɲϢ

磬صЪˮľԹ緹һֱԼ̸۵⣬Ƕ˵İۡ
ʲô鶼õˣˮľ⣬Сʵ
챻ñջˣе
ô󣿷Ҫ𣿡
ǵǡ
а۵Ļ˵ڵдͫԼ¶ʱЧûеĻҲ˵һ벻취ӦԣϾвʱоԲߡ


341 ж
۵Σһֱûһ׼ȷ˵ܹ۲쵽ȴʲôȭѨ֮ĹʵǴСˡκһֱѪ޽ˮľֵˡ
ֻǣǲֵΪȡҪȨһ£ĻһҲҪҪǵԼ飬Ͳֵˡ
˳Ȼɣֺͷ飬ûʲôҲӦòʲôŶԡ
ڿ֮е飬Ȼˮľעص㣬СĿǰͷȴ¡
ΪˣһνӣԵһӵĵָоһѾ֮ܶڴ֮վһпյʱˮľͻСȥߡҪΪеŮ߾ͲߣжСޣʵƣʹǰµڣʵʵӰ첢ûô
ϧʵ̫ˣѩĺʵڲһɢĺӣѣǵôůڴʱ䡣ڶһľŮ˵ڼҲǲܵ飬飬ɨ³ǺܲĻ
ȻҪôˮľһСʵ
ѩˣҪȥ仯ԿӰ쵽ж󣬲˭Ҳûס
ԭ̬ʹɭ֣Ϻе׻ʲô仯Ҫ˹ʵ״̬źá
뿪ůļңһκļ尾ֽһůĽСͻȻ²仯ҪӦǿܲˡ
ϸļһ½磬ûκˮľҲˡ˵ߵĽܿҲһԼģˮľɲԴΪ˶ڵǾͲֽţˮľܹ֤ģҲֻֽŵʱ򣬲Լ
Щɭ֣Що˾òԾ
ȻٵľǼٵģĴůԶˡңƺеˡ
¶ȻˣľҲʼȴˮľеࡣȻС֣ȫ˹Ͷŵʳά֣ľïܹ֧ʱľҶҪͶŲٵĶɱģеҪ
۲֮ˮľĵĵطɭֵĺ㴦ˮľķ¹Ҳ
ôҲˣ
ӱ֮󣬴ӺϴķԽԽˣűˮĺ磬˾òǳ
ģҪȻôģˮľʦҲһô
šˮľӦһ˵ô죿
Ƶĺ棬һʱûг
ֵĽʵȫյģΨһЩᴩɭֵĺǴͬʱҲڵ鷳
䣬ˮ¶ȼ½ɭֵʱ򣬺ůĿӴγֺˮðһ澰ͬʱȽ֮ĶҲʮֵľңɵĽγ಻ĺ硣
ԭ͹̲ö˵ůɭ棬һƬϴĿյһýıЧۿۣʹﷱеĲ١
ô죿òƺͼְ
Ҫȿͼˮȫһߵıݲ̫һζļǿЧȡֻɸ鷳
ֻܴԴͷϿƣûˮʱˮҪˡ
סˮΣˮľҡͷϵǶ²סģͻһطĳ֡
ԭֻǳڵĲһû뵽Ļô©÷ֵ磬ҪȻЩĳɹȫˡ
ˮľˮ߸ոðѿĲľ֦ŷ̵֦ĶһƬмƮҪ೤ʱ䣬Щֲͻᱻȫ
סвͨǾֻΧɭֿһµĺӵɾʹˣľҶȫҲɭ̫ˣ
ˮľ֮˵ô鷳ȰѿɭֵĺˮζסȻطȱס˵ܼ֮Ϊ⼸ɭֵСҼʱˮӦÿС

ˮľе׽ϱ֮һݺˮΪİСֶѸٵĿΣضϺˮ飬ڵ֮ǰˮľĹ
жҪʲôֱˣرҰõŴɱɱ
ٴμʶ߸ıͼǿˮľҲòΪ߳׵е𾪡֮⣬ˮľҲһμһжͷ죬ľҶĿǰΨһһľݵߡءˮݵϡڼȫܵľݣһеεƣж񲻴ڣΨһֻԼ뷨ڲĶѶѡ


342 
ԭĺˮȥˮ״̬ˮҲһ峺ľˮ΢紵֮£Թ⡣ˮľӵĿһͷİء
ֻ߲ܹǨӣʩҲǺİ
ˮľûʲôҪˣس˵Ѿˣû飬Ǿ͸ˡ
ˡ
ˮľޣҲЩеûʲôȷʵ䡣
ˮľͷʾһ£ؾʹŰ뿪ˡ
˿ָƽˮ棬ˮľҧʳָӡ֮ʹͨ漴ˮ֮µ㲨һȺ͸ƾճ֣ˮζɢȥ
׼ൽΪֹˣʣµľǵһ쵽ˣ
һ˿ɵˮľ߳ɭ֣뿪ûԶˮľͻȻоԣ֪ʲôʱʼԼѾһӴż߸Χˡ
üͷˮľΧߡˮľˣ¾Ůȡ󲿷ֿԿ϶Լʶˡ
ˮľ䱸ţȴԷ˵һԲϾͶֵĻˮľҲǿˡ
Ǹ¾ȳ˵ˮľڻΣӰȫһˣ
ˮľ˿¾мشΣӰȫЦȻ֪̣Ӧ֪ҾǱӵľҶߣ˻ӰˣûκܹңǺηʥʲôң
ˮľ˵ĴȻȷʵߴƶȣһʼûôӣӰ̡̡̺ƽ񣬵ȼɭϵƶȹĻںΪ˱ڹõĸֲšǸӰĳţϸ˵Ϊߵȼƶȷģˮľûκֱڸ֣֮ԲκˡʲôӳֶӳԼ峤ʲôģȫˮľ顣
̣ǿʵͬʱҲݵûʲô֤ݣ˭׵Ľһսǿ̡
¾Ȼûƾ輸仰ˮľ־ܵ뷨߳ԼӣһȺеĻ
㲻Ҫ֪ΪʲôֻҪǴľҶ棬ֻ㲻Ųش˵ָӡ˵һӣ֡
｣ųƬĿϮֻǣֶʵ̫ͼˣ˲͵ĲܵסеĹûиˮľʲô𶯡
߲ǳľҶ֮ľӢ飬ηŶӵƣȷʵǾḻ
ʮ߼ʹͶ̾߹ʱ𱬷ˮľѹ߳ķħ｣ԾͣĻӿڲϣײһ̲ͣ׷ҲˮľϾˣ޷ӦԵϵѹȡ
ǿѹʹ𣿿ҵصоú͸
ˮľķӣò˵սܳɹֻЩ鱨ŲǾԲھõֵġ
Ʋˮľ˲佫ܻΪĻ޴Ļʱ˽ˣҲѹֺȫ˲ܽϧı̬ĲܣҲס·ͶһƬ޺｣û֮Уһе
ͣ¡¾һӣһ䡣һŲصҪȷǰɱܾвô̫Ĺǲеġ
ûмѾӲˣ
ɢȥ¶εˮľȷʵˣ޺｣ȻֻҪҪһ㲻֮ɵ˺Ҳܿɹˡ
ˮľȻǱҲóȻǰֻҪˮľҪģʽļƣһֱȥ
伫ȻжֶֻξץңҲǲġŲرΪʲôѾСֵزˣ
Ȼû˻شˮľ⡣
ûôǸ߿ˣתŲأȡʲôĻеӾ͵ǰұ֤
˺ûᶼŲأĳ˴⣬Ҳãʡˮľٹ
õϢˮľҲʲôίߵϷˡ
һӣһ˿߲סԶһþ֦ɣȻһŷˮľбŷɳ˵˵İΧȦ
ڡߵĿУԭ޺｣ɴ⬵ˮľƤͻȻֳһֵ䶯ϴѪ̾߷׷˳ڵϷ죬ڳЦߵ֪һ
ôܣֻˮľµ˿ڣۿɼٶȿϡ
´Σ뱧ɱҵľҰɣȻƾκβҵġ
ûģʽƾϢ𣬾ͿԽܶ˵Ӱ콵͵ԺԲˡ


343 ƺ
Χˮľû̫Щһµ뷨ŲأˮľĺУķݵôģ˵ܹʶһ²۾ֱ۵׶ģ߻һһ´ͨޡ
ϧֳֻЩŲصһֻΩǴӵżӮûʲôôսûбҪȥһʱ˴ˮľҲʾһȻĻ̫ˣûû˵ɧžˡ
һº׷ٶٶȣ߲׷ɱ֣ٶȶͨ״̬µˮľҪʤһȻˣٶȲǾʤΨһأȻѾڳˮľɾͲˡڶѩ֮зɱˮľҲףصжĺۼܱأôҪʲôö֪Ѷ˲С
ˮľѸٵĽӡſһתһűҵĻӿγһž޴Ļȵĸ£ñصĻѩѩˮɲ緢ˮ
ݡȴ
ˣ޷ܣûбУըҲǺ޷ܹӵģǿĻʱ׷Ķ˴롣Ϩ֮󣬾޴Ļը޿Ӹðź̵ƿᣬ˻ҲըĳɨһûС
¾ЩΪѵĹһ̬ƣȻķԸսĸϣ޷жľ͵ͣ£ȴԮ
ǿĴΧôҪôÿ죬ҪôʵǿֱӲƴȻĻ޷롣
ԭǰˮľϢģΪԷˣû뵽һ˸
ǲİѵʲôɱﵣòŮȡѵ͵Ϯ𣿡
޷ǱļһﵽʲộˮľɲЩӡ
ݡ֮
С䣬󷽵һƬռȼγһȥ·Ļǽ
ʱ׷Ķ˲òˡ
ű˰£¾Ҳֻͣ˽Ų
ŵļһԣò𣿴Ļһһ
Ȼ鱨֪ˮľһԴʹõĲû뵽ЧȻôˣһAһBֲļΪ˵ô׾ٵʹóˣҲûˮľʲô֧ļ󡣿ĵ͹ĿΣԡ
ܵ󷽡ڷˣˮľҲһǲģЩΪˡ翪ʼһֱΪɭֵرƣ;ϵۣˮľٽνսˡ
ʱˮľͻȻ֪ǰͻȻһԴٵĽӽ
оأˣǰ̽𣿡
ȻǵˣˮľҲĵӭȥ
ǰˮľ䲻ķ֣һ׳ľͷˮľײ˹
еæҵˮľֻӳ˿ߣűϵ͵һ嶸Ȼƣ֮յĶǿһ
ţҡ
ɨľͷһͣţԶϸֳһӰǴŰߵء
ˮľʧˣ֪Ǳ߳ʲô£
ˮľҵղֻǺ͡һСìܡ
СìܣǲСظһڶûƽϢĲŲسϵ£Ͳˡ
ﵽʵľҶߣٶ͡ߴֻǻ϶ʲôľ
ֵе󣬿²ճͷеΪѵ˵£һֻдŵİȷʵò֡
İɣµΪֹˣһִϸ˵ġ
ɫˮľŻȥ극أ
ˣǾͺã̾һˮľ̵ǲȻ鴫
ô˵Ҳе涼ʼҵˣ
ֹеܶ˶̸ˮḷ̌клʵǿǹϵġ
ˮľЩ¶Цݣ˴꣬㲻֮ˡ
ֻǣΪһ̸̫̫࣬һ㣡
ˮľڻش·ϵأ´һˮľˣҪæ𣿡
޺｣̴ѾõòˣǱƵսҲʾսļա
Ѿûдˣлġ
Ǿͺã
鷳ˣûлǵ˴Ҫǰ֧Ԯʵѿֻû뵽컹лľҶѵһľҲǲˡ


344 С˵־
വ£ˮľǻġľȻܺˮľҲüˣֻػľݵķʽ⴫棬ܴʵƷһҲ˵Ƕô⡣ѹֻᱻҩʦ׽Ϊǿ׾ŵɱﵡ
һ鷳ˮľƽĻصˡ
СǵĿˮľ·ϻմȾŵѪŵʱǺúõģϻؼҾͱӡ
ˣҪҪ
ˮľ¶СĵЦݴûˣһƤˡ
СӹˮľսףЩ۵ʵ
ǳȥôûʲôսôŪӣ
һѾҲȫջ񡣡
֪ŲزܰԼôͷѾڣЩʱʵҲûϵٵ־ԣһ־СҲ԰ڳˣʵк̨ǲһֻҪ鷳ͿԹúɡ
ðյڿԼĶ
ǡˮľͷһܣֻпԼʵֵסҪԼ⣬µĺֿĻ󣬵ȴɽСͻûĺӾûôˡΪˮľ֪֮ˣܲú̹
ȥϴɣһѪζŪɾԷ
СûϸԵɣȻûжսôȻǺʹ߷˳ͻ뵽ǰԼϵµĻɶüĿˡ
ڵԡңˮľϴˢϵζůˮҲˮľĵƣ
һ½ս̣ˮľҲòϣԼеˡȻ˸ֲƴܾ˵ֶԵУʵǲȡҪԼ´ˣ־ŲԸԼǿɾ鷳ˡ
ߵΧȻǿˮľæңҪ˵ް취Ҳڣ˳ƶΪ̽ʵ̫ðˡѸٵѹȫӦøӹ߲Ŷԡ
룬ˮľʳָӿȻһָָ̣ͱһСӣһŰɫѪҺ˳ָ£һᣬѪҺͱ޵ĺɫţˮľתҽָ˿ѸϣһᣬԭϸСĴ˾ȫ޺ۼ
Ȼ̫ˣòʲôҵĶҩֻƺһҩ
Ȼ˳γͻУˮľӦҲвֵȶĵطöһ㣬ˮľ͹Ʋ㣬ΪҪ׽ûֱɱˣԶҩҩЧҡ
ˮľʹõĵȻҲʲôƶϷ룬̽û¡þĲơʹϸ֮ǿпһطӰսѡҲʹԼָĿƳһЩ⣬ʹʱ򣬽ӡٶ½ʸҲǳǿҡ
ҪǾ綾Լɾûôˡ
һߵΪߵΪһԺҪ鷢ˣŲԼʧܺܶΣԼֻҪʧһξˡ
е㲻ҪҪŲҵеû¾ͻעŵԼϣʵǷ
Ųعĵ飬һǴӵİΣһǻӰλãһˮľΪҪҵ鷳ô̫׵·ӵľҶԹ˲Ͼʲô鷳£ˮľԼҲѲ鷳Ϊˡ
ʵ벻ʲô취ˮľҲֻʱͷԺֻһ㲻һ黹̫⡣

ڶȻ̫ãȻûѩҲûз磬Ϯ˵ĺӵˡ
Ӱ칫ңʮϸϵı档֮󣬲̾һ˵
ĸˣΣڶûȫΣա߸أҪܳһʱָܻսֻ޴󰭡
ⲻܹңôˣ̫ҾܲˡЩߣˮľѾˣûһѾǲĽˣҲǺˣ¶ɴˣҪǼ磬ܾˡ
û˵㷴Ӧãֹֻؼʱôĺ֣ȻΪڲͶ˲ҪôľҶ
ǻûдȥô
ֲԼô˵ҲûһˡΧŹһȺ˵ĵԼǴӮˣ˵ĲԼ
ϢѾˣ޵ļ֪ˣ֪⡭
ƺһ˵
ûоκͬͶ֣ܾͬвǾԲģλҲܲһʱ֮ڣŲصжᱻӣȨҲܵơ
Ŷ
⵹ǸϢȻֻʱģ̿ڼ䣬Ųغ͡жʱһ˼ɣҲġ


345 ʱǲ
һССĳͻû̫Ĳ˻֪£ѾѸٵƽϢķչҲˮľ̿չʾľҶʵشһ鶼ҪȶΪʲôɧҺͳţɹľٰ̿ԣҪ顣
ȸֽ¶֮󣬴õķʽͽѾעϢ˲Ψһѡ
ҪȥЩ𣿡ˮľ˵ſ
ˣҡְڰַˮľ飬µΪֹɭֵڸҪ
ӦûôˣռƻִȥһµӦÿΪʹá
ҵĵĲ¹Ѿȥˣû㼰ʱ
ôȥȷϹˣȷʵˣԺһҪĴͻȷʵá
Ǿ˵ûˣҾͲȥˣʲô𣿡
Щյ˵ʮάھڲϣòʱһʱ档Ϊֲ󡢿㡢Ҫеôң
ǵǣֻҲò
ûˮľ˻涼άͲôˡ
ҪˣѾ˽ˡطҪȥ
Ŷ
˵⣬ˮľˣҪԼȥһ֡
ˮľ״ֽ˵ԭв֣ƻȥ鲢ʵɳ̵ʵݣֲˣԣҪʱһ£
ҪԶţڳԲǺʱ
ҪԹˣڴѾ˺ܳʱˣȥҲ
ðɡˮľεشֻڻɣ̿Իнµʱ䣬ӦûûʵŶԣôھҪʵ
ֱֳִһֽݸˮľȻ˵ɣ
ˮľӹһʱһɫ
ڿЦ
ֽ˵̿룬˵һСӵͿѻŤŤдţμ̿ԡ֮ܽ⣬ðɣͷм˵ĵ̴ַ塣ǿܹ⼸Ҳˮľ۾ˡ
ȷ̴Ŀϣ
ˮľ˻šֽȫţֶȻܹߴ֮Ľ
㲻ûɣǸյá̴ʽ⽻õļ
ðɣģΪʲôֻһˣ
ִ֪ЩҪȥ飬ܽ鱨
ܸоǸ鷳ܻܲһ
ĿǰյĿϾһĹУ
óһļ
Ҫȥһ֮ľڱԹûʲôİȥæ񣡡
ˣһȥ̴ɡ
֮ôΣգ׶ô鷳ˮľŲȥҺôߣҪ̴廹Ƚһ㡣
ֻǣдüѿܽӦ̴ɣᱻɳ𣿵ʱҪҪҴ鷳ļһң
ʲôʱ
֮ɣɭֵȶʲôȥɭҪ鷳㲻ڵĻͱȽѴˡ
ǺáȥһԶţû͵ˣϢһʱӭꡣ

æµһµˮľֺ͡ߴһܣǿɼˡ߳Ӱ칫ңˮľҲû̫й˼ѣʹҲǺܶ࣬ǽͷҲеֻǱϾݷļڣǽͷСҲ᲻ͷߺˡ
һˮľֱ˵ϰ壬һ뺣ڶ档
ԭˮľĿζϲ棬ڵˮľĹ۸Ҳһ㣬Թδ˵еһ֮󣬸оֻ˵ͨͨѡڶˮľĿζ
ڶλˣ㲻Ҳģݣûڶ档ףⲻˮľʦ𣿺þòˣ
æһƨµˮľ˵ֻ棿һݳ棬һ
صĳԷûˡһڰЦ˵
ˣȥɡλظִ嵹Ǻܺ˵ϹأҪˡ
廹ǵð
˵ĿζҪϵĵġ
һᣬһݷʮĳͰˮľǰȻ沢ˮľƫʳһķȷʵ޿ޣѹֳΪľҶ徭ò˥СԵꡣ
ˮľ׼¿ӵʱ˹ˡ
ף
ˮľڸ֪ľҶͷҲûʲô˸ҶԼû뵽ߵôĵط
ˮľʦ
ͷǲŴҰӣʹòƿʵ΢ЦĽɽз磬ӦǸ


346 ͬ
СӣþòˡˮľЦŴк˵λףɽзɡ
ǡ
ɽз絹ǱԭеǸҪԲʶˣ˽ﻹǱȽϵģӺԼСӣĹϵദûŲصɳһȷѡ
ˮľͷʾ⡣
ҰӣȴЩɻʵǰ첻Ǹռ
˵꣬ƺ˼ʲôһȵʵѵǷ
Сı¶𣿡
⼸̫æûüͷ䣬û뵽÷ȥָе͵Ϊ¶ˡʵҲûʲô𡣿㶼ֲ屾ͷ֪ûʲôˡ
أǷȻһǲԶ˰
Сӣƺ鱨ˡ
ˮľɵðЦǲ;Ūһ׵ķֱżˣˮľ¶ľҶûܹ
³԰ɡˡ壬ټ桭
ĸ˲ų棬ֻûڣܻԾյһûˣ˵ʵҲеơ
ʦӰˮľʦҲæʲôҪ鷢𣿡
˼΢һСӣǷ˴յĲ
ˮľһ߳ԣһߺ˵ˣ쵽µʱˣһжиܽᡣ̣ѧУҵҲһ˰ɣ˵ǰ¶ڲÿһԺĵ·ˡڴӣҲҪһĵʧҪһҪΪ׼
Ǿ˵׶æ𣿡
ɡæĴ󲿷ֲͨߣǻӰͰһЩְԱ
һЩĪץϻܣҰռߵľߣʵ˲졣
ռҰкܶɣһ£Ϊͨޡһе⣬ԭͲˣԺǾ֪ˡ
̿ľҶϲ඼֪ˡ֮ҲҲµˣֻǴ󲿷˻ڹˮľһһĬԹ˵ɽз磬Ӧ֪ģȻû¶ʲôڷ磬һ̰ͨݵûͦɹ
ôæ𣿡ǲͻȻʵ
Ƚرɡ
ܶպʱѻһˣһ̺ܹ̾ɵ̵޵ģһʱ䣬Եúæ
ȻľʱڣΪвҪʱѵУǲҲʲôףдҰӣЭӰѵĳɹǿԺĸоġҪԣҲǲֻûа취ܳڿϰȴ޴ĽУڵ״á

ʱڣһǼ졣Թһ㶫ůһˮľẓ̇ص֮ϢһᣬȻͬСһȥһҽԺȻŸҽɲˮľһϸҽרҵ飬רҵԱȽϿס
ڵȴСϵʱˮľ¹⼲磬Ȼж磬ѾŹ߶ˡ
ӻָò
ȴ¹⼲ڼֲסͷ麹Ϣʱˮľǰȥļ䡣
Цˡ¹⼲һߺһ˵
񻹲ȵ괺ůӣͿԳԺˡ
šס˿ˣ¹⼲ҲʮֻڼˡѾûʲôˣֻǹļ䣬Щϸڲôˡ
ร⵹ǵһ˵
ûʲô̫Ӱ죬ܴ鷢仯ĶҲֻ˴ŵС¡ⲻ⣬ܹסССĴۣҲֵõġ
¹⼲絹ǿúܿ
һķӡõϣ˵һʵƷҲһֱое㲻û£Ҳͷˡϵ⣬취ʲô֢ɾ鷳ˡ
¹⼲һЦڽ۹ɽǱҩʦΧʱҾ֪Լ׶༪ˡԺԥʹõеҩΪľܹӳԼͷе鱨ݸӣҪЩС֮ͽΣľҶûڵܻúúõģܺе죬Ѿ֮ϲˡ
ЦЦ¹⼲˵ԭڲϸһ˿˿뿪壬Ѿˣû뵽Ȼܹˮľעҩ򵥰ɡ
оʲô𣿡
һֵҵڣϵֲǧٿ׵壬Ҹоõ޵
û뵽˺㻹ô񡣡
ˮľû˿𴩵ľȡ
ֻҪúԺ󲻻ʲôˡ
Ȼ¹⼲ֹͣ˥ϵϸȻı䲻ʵˮľעĳϸֻϱ֤ʱ̴״̬˥ˣⲻ鵤ҩҪǵʲôԼж⣬Ҫġ
Դҵת֮ҾĹסȻ㲻Ը˵Ҳˡ
ˮľ¹⼲˵òô࣬ⲻʲô캦Ʒ
ľҶҲֻи˵ܹ㶮飬ΪӰôܻ̫ʱϣ


347 ɢ޳
ע볬ϸ֮ĸܣˮľ϶¹⼲ôԡ״кõˮľľϸ滻¹⼲ͲһˣɺԵͻȻϸһѾת뱣ָ׶֮ڵı仯øˡȻˣܹע⵽һ㣬Ҳ¹⼲籾ͳɫʺ;־ֲġ
ʱԽ֮ʼʹ򽻵Ķļ䣬оǲģԺƾûôһʱˡ˳һսе¹⼲磬ˮľĽԽԽ٣ĻͲˡҰ³ȻˮľǺܺõѣҲûнļֻǼʱҲԽԽˣҲ֪Ժ᲻ỹһµʱ
ûлѶ೤ʱ䣬СҪˣǱ¹⼲磬Ҳûය׼ؼҡֻû뵽ҽԺһϤˡ
ˮľǰ㣬þòˡ
Ȼһͷ޵Ļ쳤еշĺڿ۾ΪʵϰҽߵûдһҽõȫװɫƷֻһͨëףϻԵЩͨͨװҪǴû㲻ͷ;µݣԶԶȥѷǸŮӡ
þòôӣ
̯˫ۣͷ˿Լӡ
ܺð·ů͡
ðɡҲ˵ʲôףֻڿ׵ڵŮ͵ÿͬεĴҰӣɽоҰȫûȡǰСʱĿһԼһ˶ˣҲûչСŮˡ
Щ˵ôо˺þõĻġ
ô죬Ҳû˵ס
ԺʲôҪģС߽Сӣæɡ
ȻЩкװԵӢǺڻеʮֵĲѡ
鷳𣿡
İɡСЦ˵ڿʱܶ࣬ˮľһֱæ˵и˵˵ãпվҼҰɡ
ԥһ£ǵͷӦˡ
һʱҲûʲôǺСвٻ˵ϾǰˮľǸ˦ƹС򽻵ӣҪˮľܶࡣ
ڿԵĸоǰҪʵö࣬ߴߴ˵ԼĹСӣһȥ飬ҪǰŲ١
ˣˮľǰ˵Ǹӡڿˡ
δ˫һ죬нķðȻױһĿˮľȴſ佱
ǰһˮľֵץס漴ȻĲˮľֱϡ
ǿкǿƲĹܡ
ȤˮľʱţҪķֻǲһƺԽշûʲôֿá
һݻݵЧ
ӡǲвԵģǲԡһֵ͵ĴԵʣʹɱҲгϵáڷӡܸߵˮľҲЩӶһвٵӣˮľȤǡǡǰټʵķӡ
շǿκ̫ˮľٴαĲ˫ֱ˲両ֳɫĹĤȻѸţһͽշǿбϡ
űʧԭһϣ¶ʧ֮ɫ
òˮľЦ˵ҪŬ
Ҳ̫õӦԷˮľֻþԵǿѣֶβøֻΪ˲ʹиѣѾܲˣһѹȸлбҪġ

˷һʱ䣬صҵʱѾ͵ʱˡпյ˾ΥһҲڡ
ˮľǵĺӺܽء
ţǸߣ
ߵʼΪ㣬ʹǵĺҲΪԭز۵ģδˮľǱȽϷĵġ
ţˮľǵŮˣ᲻û飿СЩǵʵ
ܰɡľҶĽϾһ꣬߸»Ľ໹ȽԣһһӤԵñȽϼСӳӰ̡Ĵǰˮľľһˣ˲žļ󶼺ԣǡǡһ߳ɳʱڵ㡣һǡþ˺ǲȵΪľҶʮ̡
Ȼȴ˵״ľˮľͬһεУϵĿʼеŮ󲿷ֶΪָԭٳûнӣͺˡУҲˮľԳɰ˹껹¹⼲ǳɹһֺеĵ߶顣


348 ֮ȭ
ˣˮľ֪˵ʲôáҪ˵ĻûСһҲͬ顣ȻˣһЩʲѵƽӻһЩġֻ㴫е߶ϵˣΪЩ߲Ըӣһʵ˿Цá
Ч
ÿڻӰ칫ҳûĸֺ;Ǵ䵥ߵȻҲѧˣġ
ڳЦִˣ
С˱죬һеˮľ
Ҳ֪ÿʲôʲôЦģ
㲻ˮľҡҡͷ˵ˣֻҪǵСֵܹĳˣû飬һСˡ
С㣿ˮľż״ε˵ʽѾСҲ۵ĳƺϺˮľۡ
浣ĺӽᱻ̵ʲôӡ
õģûͬĳƨСкţҼСҽһǺȺߣ˵Ϊ˵еŮӰ
ŮӰ˵Уִ˻ھͱ䴫˵ˣС̲סˮľĻ˵ӰҲ룿
ʲôҵģ˵ˣԷ

ѵѵ÷磬û˴̹ǵĺ磬оôܡ
ҰӣЩĿˮľ
Ƿ
ôȷϣˮľСӣļ˵ˮƽͷվǰ㶼ֱ治
˸֪ɫͫͷڲֲϵĲ죬ΨһķǿܹˮľʹģʽСӣĿǰúԶ
ŶСӣ¶Ӧڿʼô
׼þСˮľν˵㣬ο˺ҪӰһʱ񣬻УӰҶۣһ㣬ֱӹϵ̵Ŀ̶ȡ
ôأ
Ȼ֪ʦƽʱܺ˵Եӵжô棬ȴʱڵͿ˽ĿСôʱɷʽôܣҪǴﲻҪɾͲˡ
ѹˣҪôԼҲܣֻҪҪ⡣׼˾Ϳʼɣ
СӣԣҲ֪ⲻãѸٵĺ˰ڳƣˮľûȶѸٵĽӡ
Ӱ֮
һģһĴҰӣ֣ȻѸɢˮľΧ
ˮľĵͷǿӰͲϵسսƣûκδ
ΧסˮľӰûгɣȭɫĲӿһȭбǰǰĵϣ漴һƬʯͻȻˮľķб˹ܵĿռȫûܵأˮľֻΧɱˮľֻ̡·ײһ𣬷һײȻһС顣
̬仯ϻСֶٶȺС
ˮľԥʱ·ĴҰӣٴλӳе֣һ͸Ĳ˿߲˹ˮľʵʵ޴ˮľ޷ˡûˮľӦһƬת۾ͽˮľˡеˮľ漴صˤڵϣһһ˺۵ľͷ
𣿹ȻöԸСӣӰɫصΧһȦտޣŲ֪ٵˮľ
ֻǣСӣԱΧɵȦ棬ڵСԵľͷٴηһгˮľӰ
ô᣿
СӣӰһžҵĻȻɢɨӰһѸٵʧ
ûб𣿻
ˮľЦЦȻְϵĿޡ
̫սķûг׻𣿲ʺ̬仯ҽȻǿĹ˵ʵȻǳС
̵̺սɲֻӣҪλҲвķģսһʱĲࡣ
û뵽ˮľʦսȻ̶ֳܹȡ
ҰӣԼҲ𣬵ǺˮľĲһ㣬ȷг̶ȵĲ΢Լܹȭŵ˺ѾԵˣû뵽˹
ҪÿɰĵӸܵսնһѪҲֵõġ˵Ĺԭֻһ΢ƤˣѾˡ
û뵽ҲѧУ
˷ĻСӣλã·Ҳ㱩¶֮ء
սУܶʱûȫѡҪľ̵ʱ䣬ԼжȻִСոոʾ˻սƭڣҿ湥ɡ
ܹͨǰ٣ˮľĸ֪Сӣġ
һ֮ǰһžٻ٣ĴҰӣæĶˮľǰ


349 
ڣҿµĳɹɣ
ˮľ˫ǰһ죬ɫĲ
ҰӣɫŵĿˮľͻȻ͵طǰ˫ֱ۸ֳɫĹâ
̽𣿡
ˮľûʹʲô߼סСӣôĻˮľ˲ܻ׵̨һܽԲʮ֮ڻΪǾûʲô˵ˡ
˫˸ĲСӣϣе㵶Ӱӡķȷʵ൱ƣˮľԶҲģˡ
ǿʦģ㲻
̽ˣˮľ˲ܣħ｣ԴĽһСӣĻʡ
˵СӣĲˣСΧŲշתȷʵ൱㣬ֻٶȣûܷӳսľ衣
СĴҰӣս󿪴ϵˮľǴɫֻڼײ֮󣬴ҰӣܲסʱļģòսȦŴָ
ˮľҲûгʤ׷ֿ̧˿еķħ｣һ״ĻĿ
Уҽûж£ܺá
ΪҰӣĽսֶ֮һǱʻ൱ġսһ棬ҽϵҲ൱ûʲô
ˮľĻƣĴҰӣȴû˿ĵɫղŵսѾԼˣսԼǷȱʲô״̬սȥû˿ȡʤĿܡ
׵ĴҰӣѸٵظı˲ԣ˫۵Ĳɫʼı䣬ɫĲǳɫбǰķһɺصĸо˳
׼ϵСӣٴιʹǰսεǲܻˮľӲӲ
ʱ仯Ӳ߷Լ˲ʱķˮľвȸղŴö࣬ǲŵûBݡìԲ覴ãӵʺϴҰӣص㡣
һκСӣȭͷӲ֮ˮľеķħ｣ڳܲס޴ƻֱмѣɵĵƬɳԶˮľ˿еİؽҡҡͷ֮˦ڵϡ
ֶԵ𣿡
֮ˮľǴ̾ߴһѿޣֿȭսˮľѾܾûйˣа˰һ㡣ֻнӡʹʱ򣬲Żϰûս
ͲԼʱһСӣʹõɲɱɵֽʱ仯οݡìݻɵϣ˵ӰٶȺ͹ĻСӣֻԵչķǷ͹
սǴĿ鴺Ұӣ߻ĲˣԼûȫֻǴʹҲϵȻƾḻľռϷ硣
ȻȡƵСӣһˡ²ӿ帽γһʱ仯Ĳ
ǣˮľȵĿŶ׼ŴеСŮ˲𰡣
类ճĽˮһ㣬ܹɵж˼άݵɵĹ˰ģսеַӦĲ࣬Եˮľʱ䣬һȭˮľһʹˮľԺ
𣬸۵ʱǺ۰
ˮľһֻס˽ҪɵˮľȻһȭٴκˮľؿڡ
һΣСӣֱҲץסˮľزƲѵˮľɳסûأؿڵٴαץסСӣҽǰ͵̤͵Ȼһˤˮľصڵϡ
ԣⲻͨĸַйŹ֡
صˮľûиܵ΢Ļ壬ƺһǿϳصĻˮľϡָоȱڸְϻҪܣҲվСӣһһ
Ǹղһ̤˸طô
һлˮľĿ࿴Ҫǻһ̡һʵԲ̣֮Ҳᱻܡ
Ȼһлû꣬ˤ˸߻صˮľûӦۼСӣһȭŻɫص
һûôҪһˡ
ǱˮľʧʱĽһӡһű书һСӣ˫ͻȻһģȻ˲ָֻ
á
֪Сӣȭͷµٶȣһҵĺ̳ڱ˽սˡ
ɢȥСӣʧĿȭͷ±÷ľͷ
ıػټģСӣʱ֧Ųסһƨڵϡ
ôܲģҪҴɲзϣ
ˮľӲԶ˹ˮľٴγڴҰӣС


350 ©ȱ
ҰӣЩƣ˵֪ʦΪԲû֣ûȻǲС
ˮľ߽˿ѾЩĴҰӣ
Ĳԣ͵Ϊֹˡˮľϵƽ˵⼸ȭԣԳ䲻ڿʦԣʲô
òƺΣհ
ˮľĽ飬Сӣɲ㳢ԡ
תͷ˿ܵӣˮľýŲ˲ȸոԼһεصĵ棬Ȼе㲻һĵط
ոõʽԲһУôģ
ˮľһҲһǱ˽ġͬ͵ʽ񶷼ĿǰΪֹˮľֻһǾȭ
ûо̬仯ʱ仯֮ǰεģãܿɢڿС
Ψһһֿı䲢òģȭ
ȭƵʽڳΪʲô˻ԹԵĵŹѷʲôѧûκιϵܶεˮľȭʽòŵԭγһеĵмĳ֮УʱķӦ
ɲʹõģǾµĿ֮ŻõʸеĲȦڣȭԳ顢СУЧ˰֮⣬ΪѧǲܵġɸѡγɵӦȭʣҲ޷ա
Ҳе߶ַ֪ҲеģȽϵˮԭľؤ档ǰҲû£ֻ̫Լ۱Ȳ߶ѡ
Сӣǡѡʺַԣͣʮֵսʽ
ʹսһҪӴĲҲּɲĸԭǿġŨȵʱ仯ô̶̵ʱڣϢ֧ŵĴҰӣеԲͿ֪Ƕôˡ
ˮľ̽Ŀ⣬ҰӣЩ˼˵ģһˮʦס޲ߣҾҪ˽һõ޷Ȼȭ
ȻˮľͷǲǺڵʱѡĲˮݣ
ᰡСӣݸʺҰɣ̤ʵصĽ˻ĸоҺϲ
һ̤ϹֶΣܲ
ˮľСӣսеǻۣҲǱȽġ
ʦεĿͨ𣡡˵ŵСӣһεĿˮľ
ˮľ֮˵۷ĸȼ㡢áͨϸá
𣿡
¤ÿ˶ⲻ˵ģԭֻźϸá
ˮľҡҡͷ͵˵˵οзĴ󡭡
ȱս飬û㹻ľ򡣶֮սĲҳ̶ȹƲ㡣һʼһССĿƾУһܲáûо̫ʵսͲܺúõİռսеʯʱȷѡһ֮Ҫμǡ߲ϷҪ˵ġ
ˮľ˵֣أСӣҲסĵͷ
ղһȭʹõʱáеϣһ֮ϣʵսУѾ˴룬ʣµİȫˡͣûжѡ߶ѻҪʱ򣬲Ҫ׵ƴ
Ķ̰塣һ㲻ȫ㣬δŮߣͲֵøԡһʱ䣬ض壬Ҹ涨ĿĿǳܺӾžʹòףȥÿһʱܣӾΪԭ򣬿ɰţ´βҪɹ
ˮľƳһСӣûʲôģǶ죬·ıȽϺʵӵĿʲôˡ
͵СŮӦٵİɡţ϶ûӾǲǿй涨
˼ˮľЩԵõĵͷ϶ԼĲ²⡣
ܾʦʲôʧ飡
Сӣ˫ֻԼļе㻳ɵĿ˿ˮľ
ˡţˮľóһᡣ
Ȼ˽кãǻͷӡĲԿӽвȥˡ㣬´οУҪѧʹãȻܵˣôˣԺٸ㡣
СӣŽɵĽӹᣬ̯ϢҴƳһۡ

šˮľͷĿǰڻ⣬Դĵһ
ԭ᲻ʲôΣգ
İɣˮľ϶شԼѾùˣûзκ⡣ûȥɣоϲġ


351 ֮
ҰӣŽɵ飬Щɵʵĺ
ɱСҹˮƽ֮󣬾òܹѧˣǿ̸ġҲ㿼˵һɣ
˵ˮľһչȽọ̈̄սУʵϵʹûʱ򲢲ࡣ
ˮƽͨͨˮľսкͬȼⲫȻǺܲǳǵĸоͲһսѪͷçײߡ
֮⣬һ鱨Ҳˮľһͨĸֻ֡޵ʵսԾУ󲿷ֶͨӡͽʹûԸ˵ĴǣԴĻˮľرóԡ
ΪˮľĵӣҰӣʱҲ˲ٻָһЩ֮⣬ˮľڵĻһЩ֮֮ͨ࣬ȵȣľ֮̾ˣӸ߼һڰ֮û̹ǲ̣ˮľԼᡣ
˵ЩãɶȱҪ߲٣ͬһڲͬߵϣͷӵÿܶྶֱͥӺͲϢϢصĻÿ˵ľ״̬ͲʵӰǳߣͨѧϰЩ򵥻ʺԼɫġ
ôʱˣˮľûн̸СӣһͰ弶ϱߵĸ߼СӣΪˮľĻˮ׼˶ѣܽͶ뵽ӡͽˡ
ֱ죬ˮľȴ֣µĸСӣһòƺܸ߼ĻʵСӣеֲ
ϵСӣҲ൱ĺ棬ʱʵ֧û̫ľо鷳Ļˡ
ŻеСӣˮľҲ̾˿˵
Ϣ˴Ĳӻƺûôһ޴ƣһɱȷʵǿΪƴսἼǲΪսֶΡ
ĴҰӣˮľĻ΢˼һ֮Сʵ
ʦ˼еøԶ𣡡
һɣҲֻҵĸˮľҲûаѻ˵ϢֲƣԭԳΪһߵģҽķӡҽΪһɫĻּ渨ߡڣߵһԶԿɵȫսߵķô;ԲȱٳĹֶΣǿֻΪĵƲá
һ¸ոյս̣Զ̵ĹˮľвֶοСӣøǿֽĸ񶷣ĸ˷ˮľҲ֮У˵СӣǺԼĻܴԲ
ս޷̫ϸµ˵ҵķͷչ򣬿Ըʾһ£Ӧö
˵꣬ˮľ˫ֽӡһӰ漴֡
ˣôò̬仯ġ
ˮľĻӰ˵ɫĲܡ
ˮľӰͶޣȻ󱻲ܵס
ǳ÷
˵꣬ӰŵĲܿʼѣȻ任״Ҫλͷ⡢ϥǡͽż⡣
ͲܣеľϸƣԼĶ
ˮľӰһСӣչ̵ĸôġ
տ޵ϵͼԷ㣬Ƕһһ񵲣ʵһģһˣͲöԷô
｣ޡȭ߽šͷ­Ϊ
ֵܹģֻȭͷҪף󲿷ֵˣ֫ԶԶȲ֫ģԣȭصһš
δ䣬ˮľͱͬʱʹòߣײ˫ŷײʾ˰ŲĲܲһƣֻȻûб飬Ѹٵĵ޲֮£ת˲ָֻԭ״
ֻҪ㹻ǿȵĲܣͿԱǲ˺ңɫ̬仯䲻پڷʵϣǵÿһλɹ㣬
ٴγӰˮľҲٻӦûʹӰͽָ񶷣ڹϵֵ쾡¡
Ƭ֮Ӱ˱ϵķˮľ۵졣Ҳϥǰ壬ӰظĲܣصһֱӰܴʧ
ֽȫΪսʽ˵ʺ㣬Բʱ仯˵Ϊһ£ƽµĴԼĸ񶷷о͸ˣȻôȫԼˡ
ܸо鷳ˮľʾСӣҲòϣȷʵǿֻܱǣܸоַʵսҪ̫ˡ


352 ı
СӣˮľĲȫλģֳͬԶͺˮľĲܷСӣǿһһ
Ҫȫģҵķ㿴־ϸٿصЧԼһԣɲɾͿԼˡ
иӹĪʹ÷ʽֻ˵ʱ̫ңԶ
Ϊıۺ̩ȭķսʽˮľúʺһԶսΪսΪߡ
Լ̵ĳ̶ȣѾ㹻ˣҪһĻҪľͲǿˣҪһĶ
Сӣֵ߻ûһ̣ѾҪǿˣôҲǿޡ
֮õκǲˣҲֻ˵Ǳޣǰ;֮Դǣ˵ǵʵжǿҲֻǺȣһЩҲܰϣߵ磬Ҳ˰ˡ
ʦƺܿضԲƿǶһЩǺⰡ˿СӣվˣϵȻˮľԼɻ󣬡ѵ˵ʦƲЩ𣿡
ˮľĽ̵ʽСӣᡣЩĪ⡢׵ľԣСӣһΪˮľи
ʱ̵СӣŷԼˡһЩ֪ʶˮľֻǽ֮ͲôˣƺĬϵСӣܹ˳һ
ΣСӣҲǾòãֻǸоЩź
ǲյǧˮľûн̹ǧҲˣСӣ˵ʦǲᣬ൱죬Ǵû̸Сӣ̬ƺĲķչ
СӣʣˮľЦЦ˵˵̫ϸһԸǣһ̶ȵߣԼ䷢չֻʱ䡣
ˮľ˵Ļ˼һ߹עƺ൱Ĳ죬һʱСӣԽܣʱ䲻ǲ⣬ΪʲôôҪ
ˮľûֱӻشСӣ⣬ǷʵΪҵΪֹĶһҪӡ硢Ϊľ־˼ʲôҲУ˵˵Ĵ𰸰ɡ
ƵˮľһôҰӣ˼һᣬСӣ̧ͷ̽ʵϢ
ϢҲô룬һֻǿƵҪԣˮľСӣĻشÿɷ񣬶һ£Ϣӿɲٿزԣһ㲢Ƕһ޶㵱ʦѡˡĿӰһƵӡԼʹõİٺ֮
ӡҲǷӡ
ˮľӡϢȻԭЩ죬ʵʲò࣬ѧϰѶҲܽӽϢ΢ӡҪΪҽˮ׼ܹѧϰ
ҽ𣿡Сӣ򣬿ԼѡֱӰԼķչ򣬡ǣⲻ˵ҪûϢ̿Եڶˣ˵ڵȡʤˡڣûϢôУ˵ӦǸı˵˰ɡ
ıˣˮľʵ̲סЦСС̸ͣˡʲôģ̫˵㣡
һſտ˵ΣѾ˺úõĽѵһ١
ϢĿԣ߳ʲô·Լѡõģѧʶԡֻӵķ㣬û㻨ѸľĻܶҲֻҪ˷ĿﵽĿˡ
СӣƶǶĵͷȻʵʲôϵ
Ϊʲô
Ծϸһֿʹô
ֻ鱾ϵĽ͡ˮľҡҡͷ˵ͬһÿ˵ĸҲǲһģ
ʦΪʲô
Ϊʵ漣
ʵ漣СӣЩŵ˵ʦ˵ʵ̫ˣô棿
ˮľЦЦûټͣԺͻ֪Զ棡

վԭصˮľŽԶȥСӣתӻ֣Ȼɱ뿪ˣȥȥ˰ɡ
Ȼһˮľһ׵˴ӲԶ˳
Ǹôˣ
ţѾˣ
ûи൱ΣգҿԶԼʹá˵ͲʶõֵĵǸôҪ
ôҪûȫ֮ǰǾһʮֺõĻѣ


353 ߳
ˮľı֮䣬żҲϵִЩСⶼĿʱɽկȴΪĲ𣬿ӵ侲͹ۣˮľ֮ͬǰһЩؼ⽻һ
ˮľոԴش𣬷Ҳ˵ʲô
㿼ǺþУ
ƺ̫ͬҵ
ⲻҪʵΪûʶԼı仯
仯ˮľЩɻ󣬡ʲô棿
øһˡǰ˿صǽ壬̵սҲἤҵ̶ȣСӣǿ˲١
Էľٶ岢ûи棬ֻǵŽһĽ͡
һԼûע⵽ָָԴΪʶľһʦΡҶ֪ԳСˣǲûȥôģȻӵĽ̵ľеĳ̶ˡԭܶЩʲôĲǺ⣬̾ͽˡڵ㣬ж˼άʽһ̽ԭסѾ𲻴ˡ
£
ϢܡӡʲôҲˣ˵ǴԽ߲ԾΪЩڴ󷽵ľٶѾôˣҪǸմԽǻᣬжʽֻһ֣ǾǽӸСӣѧʣΪЩС²ģ
˵ʦң
˵ǣһж൱ľҶߣԽߵĺۼ
Ӧòǻ°ɣ
ЦЦ˵˵Ժ󲻰˾ϲ棬Ǻ»ǻ£
һȤζĵ٩ˮľҲЦǾ˵޹ؽҪû¾ĥ
̹Ȼ˵ҾҾǸģһİĵ£ǿʵҾڽ۲ı仯һķߡ
ҲǱʶеĲɵġҡʶж֮һ
ܰɣʼ˵˹۲졮ҡԼӦûһ񣬹۲磬ң
ͷ˵е˼һ˿ѣһԱƭһӿԺαһҲԱŪᣬһᷴӦʵ̬
еûһʾԽеĻᶼûУ
ԽУǾ˼άĿʼˡȻӵȸҲһˮľ˵ô˵ҾˣСӣǸҲΪ˴аɡһСһǹҲֻܵˣСӳˣ׵һ졣²ףֻҪȥһ˷֣һɱ޴ǹʲô
͵ߴ˼άӰа֮־ǲΨҡڵģʧˣû֪ǵʲôǾ̫źˡȻ㲻һǹ̺ͽûʲôͬԼĺۼˡ
ûֹң
Ϊʲôֹ˵ģǾһʮֺõĻ˵ЩЦֵֻôĲףԼ벻ֻ᳭Ϸ˯硯ôҲ˵óڡ
һΣƺе߳ŭˣʲôãֺ˵˻ͣξĻ
Ϸʵҡҡͷ˵ȻǲԺרݣȻϣһ޴Ļ滯һٻ𡯵ķ˺ţԳ׷ۡԣ۵ַߣˣҪȥŪһ̫ѧѧ
ˣ޿̵ˮľϷĻЩյ˵䣡

ҰլСӣЩƲֵĴԼķ䣬òͨԣҴææĻصңϴһ£ȥȴĸڼתϴɨ
ȵæʱѾûжʱˡ
ԼķЩյСӣԾˮľԼĸ߼ڴۿ
һᣬЩСӣ͵Щȵǻ
ͳĻͷǳȷͨӰ˵ĸй٣֪γɻþԵ˽󵼻߾񹥻һıʽȻֶ۶ͬС죬ֶֻεĸ̶Ȳһѡ
ȻҲȫжǿִеĻһ඼ǼΪ鷳Ҵ۾޴Ľаȵȡ
Ϸ˯磿ðɣȻСӣҲ֪ˮľʦŵһģѾˡֻ˵еͷԣСӣû˵ģǿִеĻֻҪ˼άӵвϾͲӹӰ졣


354 ͬ
˵ǻǷӡɡҲԣȷʵǻ
ӲʽЧԭĳЩǿЩƣ˵ǻ󾫼֮ķӡҲ̫׼ȷ
ӡ˼壬ҪĳֶһЩֶηӡϷ˯硱˵һξȲ桢ҲûзӡʽһйãӡӵõҪĲ֣ͻȻûˡ
ѶȣСӣ൱ĸߣ治ۺ˺ܶԼǰѧϰĻͷӡ֪ʶһЩĵط
ȻǺܶСӣѾо䲻
νĻƺӦһ൱һ֣ҡ
ѧУѧЩβƵĳʶСӣһ˻ɡ
ķʽǷӡǴЧϿ϶ǻɡ
⣬кܶСӣ൱ĵط
˼һξ˵
ˡǼˣ
ϡ˵ǣƺ;ԵйأӾɲ׵飬ĿһôƺƵӣɽмӳСӣԺ
ξǺͻϣ󲿷ֶǶǵĶ
족һξвٻǶξͼΪټˡ
ͬ˵ļǧ𣬲ξȻҲǧٹ֡ԭɲͬγɵĹ½ξӰξˣÿ˶ξ˵ľѹȡ仰˵ͬʱԽ࣬Խ
Ҳ˵һʹõġʱ޵Ľ
Сӣļʶ뵽һѾǳѵˡе˵Ϸ˯硱ò֮ͬ־뾫ǿеϳɲȶξԲͻӰߡһӰģˮľʦһֱǿĲ
ͬߵĲȫͨãһ㻹ǿԽͷһЩҪ󲻸ߵȻҲҪ˲յĳ̶ȡ
Ӳͬ˵ļ뾫һ㣬ҲһЩǶǵ֤ܶ԰Լеļ䴫ݸˣǶ˼Դƾξ
ѹҪʹ÷ӡŲķʽֻЧô
ʱ֪ˮľоۻ귨󣬽֪־ӡСӣǺ˽ˮľھоϵ衣
Ϸ˯硱Ӱ˶ൽһĳ̶ȣ׻ᷢʲôʱ䣬СӣûиҪһ㣬ҲСӣԲʶģˡϷ˯硱ˣȫͬһˣֻʲôԴƣˡϷ˯硱ˣ󲿷ֶͬһԴͷͻų⣬תΨһѹ׻ᷢʲôЩˮľɳԹģ

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ܽӡˣ¹һ˵ţһдϼ¼һЩǰۣԿ϶ֶѾʼˡ
ˮľ۵֦ϵҶӿɹĺۼ
аɡֻǡˮľýŲ˲Ƚ°߲Ĳݵأתůһյ棬ݶԼҰãԵֲ̫ƣͶŸè⵵Сʳ⶯ҰǣҰ޽Ƶƻ
ǣЩʵǲǲʣҲˣȺȺӵȺʵߵĿǸв
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ף


355 ǰ·
ʱˮľҲ룬ĵǸ⣬ʹõķΪġԣ֮ѹեĲĲã·е࣬Žһ£ܵȻֺ޵Ϯ
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ˮľҲ˵׼һַȽϺãֻǣ˿ڵӣʵʹ¶µĹʵ϶ǧ֮ǰͲľҹµǸҪǿö࣬Ͼ಻ϵھǱԶԶǧ֮ǰҪġ
ˮľջŵĸ֪Щʧ˫ۡȻƿٳ޷ͻƣӦòǸ֪ϳ⣬Լľ⣬Լûý飬ûи֪Ȼ
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˵ףԼҲֻһߣҪöȻǸ⣬ܲãʸˣ뽫Լ벢Ϊһ֣ĻͱǿӶᡣ
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ѵ˵Ҫһֱһβغ׵Ĳܸое㰭ְŰ
ôԹˮľҲһʱı䲻־Ҳֻƽӡ֮󣬲ܹıεľ档
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˿İ͸һ˿âˮľ˽ʵ˯۾ʼϢ֮ȴһܱյĵѩݣͷ߸ߵֺѩԭ棬һС͵ıѩŰ
ͿԵ֮Ҳ˯ѩˣȥһҪҸּӹʣ
ˮľһϸһ߽磡

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Ǻðɣܾ֮СӣֻôӦ
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ƵСӣ֪Լʤ㲻Ǻܴ˲Ϳ˲ܣɫĹָո𣬾һһѸݵƵܣһڡ
Ȼʧ֣СӣҲûнţѸٵĽ޲á
ûƣ
Ϊһֵһ㶣漴սپ뷨ˡ
гõԽԽˣҿɲͣˡ
˵꣬ıȲ䵽ϣݲеҡҡ׹
巴ӦٶȲռƵСӣ֪Ծʤ治ֻҵǿСӣҲӦԡ
֮󣬲ܾͱƣֻӭģǵűĴҰӣһҫŵɫâȭͷ
Сӣķǲ˷һͷƤȭ˳һƣСӣĸ磬һ㵭ɫĤסĹûУ¶յĺ󱳾ͱСӣһҵڵء
ôܣô󣿡
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Ѿֱ𣿡۲Сӣս̬ҲѸԼĵطˡ
СӣɫصĿû˵䲻һЧһζԸ׼Ķ־Ͳôˡ


356 ѷ
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ܶʱ˻ûпҲƽİ취Ϸ˯һԽ࣬ԽƽĻ
ķԱдͫԶˡûһǲƽģ¶ԱתϷ˯統ȻҲиɻҪʹõߵսֲˡ
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СӣսĽǳ죬ռơֻСӣҲżķҲǱϧǣСӣԲ˲٣ⳡ˵ѾЩ߳սУʼЩġ
Сӣƣģȴûеˡ
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Сӣ㱻һʱ̫ҲЩ߽뿴Сӣ˵ô
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ŵɫĲԽԽ޼ƿʩ֮ʱСӣһģȻ㱻ԼƵزε
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һΣƣСӣҲվ
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ҡҡͷ仰˵ȻСӣԳŲôáĿǰСӣʵѾԼеˡ
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˶ԾĽһԵˮľĬĬ뿪ˡ
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357 ͸
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֮Ǻܴ󣬵ʵǲĸҽֶܹԣǿʵǷֲġھӲ֮ͬӵǣСĴڡ
ԭ֮Ҳɽˮ㡢ḻĺõطڣҲֻһƬװѩ
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ٵһߣжʵ̫ˣҪܹеǾͷˡ
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ɤӣŷ˽ǶǵͳҴʸеɤ֮˵ˮľƿ·һεĺܺõ顣
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ⲻǽǶ𣿾ȻʱʱƫƧĵطѵʲô㣿˵Ƕʲôջ𣿡
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358 
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Ҫ׵ҩʦȲϵˮľΪ˾Ǳ׵ݣֻǡ
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Ԥ𣿡
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һҪ֤ǣżѯʵĹ־ŲصϢ
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ǳϰҪ̽һ𣿡
¶΢Цҩʦ°ͣ۾ˮľµż㣬Դȴ顣

ıѩѾصӰ֮ˮľһǳһŵĲŻѩ̴ʱһϸӰŲӰɿˮľ
ÿ죡
ܸոѵһϸӰɶأˮľҲ޴ķײѩϡ
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䣬ͻȻ֣ײɵӰм䣬ɫƵĿˮľ
ˮľһϵĻѩһվ˵ľҶˮľӰ֮ǰҪº͹峤顣
Ƥ飬ˮľԽԽˡ
ľҶ̣ĪߣľҶ̣Ҳ΢ġ
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ײӰվźʵ·̷ŮŶͷϵһ޵ıԹţǱģԱˮľˤҪҶˡ


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ӭӣˮľҲǿЦãӭӷʽҲ̫ˣڵܹ֪Ǹģ
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ˮľҲʱ˵һе͹峤̸

һ̴ˮľЩؿĴӡѩŰµ·ͨûж̴ҲˣڲҲûֱߵС꿪ӪҵĲǺܶ࣬ӦùЪҵŶԡС̴ʵڵģ̴嶼ӣ̴͸Ѱˡ
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˵׻ܽΪ̫ðʧˣԭǿתأľҶѾѯˣһʽĴ𸴣ǲ÷ܹȥˣ
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ǣԭʵʵȵܾˣڵе鷳
˿ʼ˽̴μ̿ԡ˵ף̴ЩҲƲӵľأûʲô̫˲ųͷǰɳ̲μ̿ԣȫ֣ʸûСһԵʧܣ̴δܴ첻СԣԽʱ̰̿ԣҶôá
ĭЩͷ۵ĿĳԽԽҲе岻̿ʵ̫ˣ̴ȥˣռˣչʾʵĿ겻ܴɣҲ¶̿Բ̫ġ


360 
ۼĻԽԽĭòϵˣ㣡
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̧ͷǴӵ֧ôܹ˴ͷɥ̺ǻأ
ʵ÷ĭȥ
Թ޼£չǸģ̴ûʵԲ罻ֶܱϮǲҪ̴һڴ֮ҡڣҲ̴̿ԣҪɳ̲μӣ¾ʾһ´ڣܶ̽ʲŲʡ
춨˻ʣµľǸ˭ȥˡ
ܽǸЦһô죿ľҶȻǰѯʣҪǱֵ̫У᲻ɣݱ¶˾ͲˡǰеһЩǵ˵
ȷʵ̴֣¶Ҳ㹻ס䲻ߣ̴ɾ˵ˡ
ǲҪˣʵ̫Σˣϴ̿ɰϮľҶɳٰܽɹȥô죿᲻ΪǾĲ
еʱ̣ķʲôɾˣһľҶ϶׼й¶ܽϢһж˵Ҫǳ⣬ɾĽͲˡ
ʱűһ߿һõܽվſڡ
һСôûûҲܣһҪȥμ̿Եġ
ܽԴӺҪԴҶܽҪִҡ
ĭ˵ҲֻԼܽˡ
ߣҪǲͬ⣬ҾߣԼһȥľҶ
Ҫԣܽĭĳ˵ţðɣȥǱӴӵİţ
ȻԼܹܽϵֻҪԼǿӲĿڣܽҲһӣдķĭҲҲûʲôá
ף𣿡ͻȻľϲʱܽϲЦտǷĭˣڿԳȥˡ
˵ţ˷ܲѵܽĻԶȥ
ĺô
ɻĵĽ͡
ĭûֱӽ˵⣬֣Ŷߵİ߳ǰ
ժɣ
ߣ¶ݣ׳С۵ӣʾͲǺܴ
ԭ׼ǴӰ룬볣߶У˹ͽΪָ̣ϻǣˣһλҪ鷳ǡ
Ըλǰϥأŷĭ
գܽСӲμľҶٰ̿ԣǵҪǱܽİȫչʾ̴̵ʵΪˡǧҪܽݱ¶
ףλӦ
ܺãȥɣ
λصȥڷĭֱߵһλ곤Щ˵ô᲻̫᣿
İɣϻǶǴСİӢûǵ鱨ֻҪΣû˻ᷢǵʵѾӽ̡Ẓ̇úʡңڰľ൱ḻӦòʲô⡣
ȻѾ׵ôɡ
ĭͷ˵ټ̣ܹŸˣͳȥľҶ¾ã콫ϽľҶߴȥ

ľҶ壬˧ɽз絥ϥأվ־Ųػ㱨ӵĽ
ǲѾ𣿡
ǣ⣬ͨ̿Ӧò⣬ܹҲֻˡ
̣찡Ųƽ˵Ҳ˵߰ಢɹٳûȡǲΣʧ
ܱǸŲشˣΪ߰ڸ޴֣ǲ˶ԭ߰˻е֮⣬ĵ飬ֻʵĥˣҰӣǺܺϧǸǲˣҲֻǽҵ߰ʱƷ
⣬ϣþչеĻһῼǻˣϣΪ֮
˵꣬ŹȵŲת뿪˵ͷɽз硣
ΪѰһɫĽ꣬һ뵽ûȫǲʹҰӣͨѡεԼҵֽ֮Ųش˵ԽԽˡ
ľ񣬰޵ĿӸУҲԼ
ȥУҪ취ˡ


361 
̴壬ˮľûпȥʲôϢӳβʱûзʲôˮľرĶ
ˮľĸ֪֮УҲûзʲôҲǣıԹݣüʮǰͱǶ̸ˡ
ܣ޷ٿƵĶʵźϴˮľǶԷڣƴûʱô࣬ʱҪܰѵԹŪ֣ⶫʲôͷͺˡ
ÿ쿴һģһѩȻȷʵ׳ۣҲ˰
ˮľվһ޴ٲ֮ǰ̾һ˺Ҳû䳹ױֱµˮƵ·ĺ̶֮Сˮû£ϺĿжСˮʧ
ݡȴ
²˳ˮľԻּ˻еͬʱҲΪ˷йһеĲ죬һ߼ݴˮľǻٲֱϡ
üһµĸϱˮ߻ɾҵıըȥԶˮϵ£ȴѸˮƵõأһʱ˽ضٲĿֲЧֻǣһȵкµˮѸûһвת۾ͱȡ
׻ʤȻΰʧ
ȻͲµǻôɨˡϰݶжٲԸʤһȻЧѣˮݻǻݵĿǡ
ʱٲе֮󣬴Ÿĳ£޴ĺ𣬽Ų˿ʼӡʱ㵽һߵˮľŷ׷µСˮμű˳Ųܻ¡
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һԶȻŮˮľĶ䡣
ûôץ㣬̶ˮȣˮ׵˵ͻḡȻͿץųԣ
ףĿҿɴû̶ˮ㰡
û㣬ɣˮľԭֻ뿪Цû뵽Ȼķ֡
㲻֪ѹ־ôðʧץ㡣̶ˮЩкĶ˻Ƕʱã󶼻һҩɾȵĹֲʹԣǲġŮܽҫԼļʶ
ô˵˷ʱ䡭
һ˵ţˮľһߴӱ̾ߴһ̯ʩչӡӵķӡĵһ̶ˮôǰȻ󱻷ӡ̯ľ档
ʲôܽЩʵ
һˮԺҲл̴ˣξΪزȥɡǸûʲôʶСˮľſڿӵķܵ
ֻЩˮȥҲûʲôãΪʲôĶ
ʲôöһ£ˮľ¶Цݵʵ
ԾԾԵܽ͵ˮľ仰ˣȲҪ̴һЩܸˮľ
ЩŮǰ˸߲ҵĴ·ˮľ˿̷Ů͸Բϵ˼
Ƿ㣬ҲҲӦ׼һЩܹеˣͿǱزٵġ
ǵԺܹеߵƽԽԽһҲճ̣ʱռؼԶ̹ߵƷӵ쾡¡

ˮ֮İѶһµƵηη⣬һźɫڤ˵ԭ㾡ͣΪӾľġʱѶҲûʲôṩ鱨Ҳ⡣ֻǣ˴ҪܵͷΪûУֻڱץ֮Ƚ̹׶ѣԽͷŵľһֱûбͨ
ƺԤϣΪûб϶Ϊ̣Ѿ֪ˡʹ˱Ź˾̫ƽˣܵͷӦõġ
ðɡʵ׵̵飬ڤ֪֮꣬Ӱٷϴˣÿһ߶൱󡣵ȶĻָƽϢһ㾡ɵġ
лˮӰ˵ĿΣ˲ʤм
ǸӲڤҲ̾һ㻹ʲôҪ˵𣿡
˵⣬ƺʲô̲ס˵СľҶǸˮľǳΣգҪƭˣ
֪ˡڤش
ǰľҶ壬ѹҲľˮľвǺдڸСˮ֮һսҲúľƵеˮľжߡڸ˹âˮľ¹˸һ˺ӡ


362 ɱ
Ұܣʹܹ˵ˮľֺʱ򣬾˲òע⵽ո¶ͷǵļһˡ
˼ɵĿ֮Եռ˲鱨Щ鱨ʱһľҶһպ֮ӰеӰ
ôһǿߣôĳˣľҶܵľˣ߲
ûѣڤҲע⵽ԭȲ۵ľҶ̡
̽ߣ󲿷ֶ˲ս߳ŵţǾ̽Ľ㣬ֻҪʵܿͻᱻ֪
ľȻľҶû壬丸ǴľҶҪΪһЩɱĴӰλþûвˮʲôˡʵǿٳбʶĸߵдۣ벻˹עѡ
ľҶޡؿƾһӲƴԳɰ˹֮ӣ֮ػ̣ԺյĹˡ
ˮľˣûʲôûʲôսԣһսǶر֣ˮ֮ǳľڸˮľķͷ֯һβսǸʱľҶû˼Ϊˮľƽơڶ˴ɰ壬͸ӲüҳӱߵˣȻûпҲղû⴫ˮľʵһսҲֻڵ֮޵ˮ֮ȻеһӣֱˮľɻڤʶбҪصעˡ
߳εڤ̧ͷ˿ЩʮֵΡΪָĳԼͷöۼľҶĸֲѣҲԼЩʵѣ߳ǿߵĸӹ
ڸУһˮľͿ԰ƽһ׼սСӡԣʹߡһ¶ˣǲİ
ͬΣ̴֮һŮ죬ܹõԼǿ̫ˡ
һ̿ԣҪΪоϵڤͻȻ˵
䣬İӳֳӰԸ
̱̿Ե֣ԣҪһǿľӢСӡһҪ֪ˣҲȻ̴֮һ

̴壬ˮľȥ֮ǰٴμĭһξͲʲôˣ곤ߵļ֤֮£ˮľӷĭӹ̿顣
ˮľַ˷֮ȻǸܽȻ档
ɷҼһĿϴ̿ԷðľҶ˲ʧȺʵϾٺòˡ
ԡĭͷͬˣˮľҲ
һᣬܹŸܽˮľǰˮľװģĶһ£ֻβܽʱ΢࿴ۡ
棿ͱ˶Ҫ󣡡
ЦˣʵãٳٲܽΪ̣ξָ̿ͻˡ
ŶǺúŬɡ
ˮľͷûٶ˵ʲô
ˮľڹעеķĭҲġ
һɻȥˡ
ˮľҲù̴˵˼ݲݵĺ˶֮̿ԵĿϡ
лĭϣʡҲٹ򣡡
ÿ
ĭ̴Ŀȥ
ˣҾͲˣл⼸ʢĿ
ߵҲǷǳЧʵְҵ׻Ͳ˵ˣﻹлеӵԼȥأ

ľҶ壬ͷ۵ĿǰߵǼϡ̿ԵĴ󲿷ְŶѾ죬Ψһ鷳ٵѡľҶ˲żüãҲѡʵ
ϧɭϲϴѾιˣһٴγĻʱ̰꣬ܶ࿼ϴα̭κܼܿμӵ̡֪ɭϲĿ˷ǣһβμ̿ԵĿƾʹ˲١֮Ĳƽ̿˵ǾԲʵġ
ѡеģ¹úɽкһȫܹʤΣֻԵ̫Сˡʱ϶ҪĹҪȥʵǿ̣ˮľľԳɰ˹ǡһΪѧҪμӿԣҲҪӡ
һٵĻ¹ӦûǿʤεģֻǰǰǿҡһΪ٣ƺҲ̫ʣһȺرѡ񣬺ѡ˻ǺܶģɽҶݱ١ͬȵȣȻɭϲҪһ㣬Ҳˡ
ǳҪǲ̫ġؼֵڶξҪһִˡ


363 
ˮľҲǲģֻһڸĿУôʵʵˡȥ٣˵ǰ￼ᱻŪʲôӰΪ˱һʼֻǰλְֵλɭֵĽ󶼳֣Щû治ð죡
ѡľԳɰ˹굹ǺܺʣϧΪҪӣֻܱų⡣ҲһЩ곤ֻ̿Ե٣ȲҪսҲҪѹ棬ǽһ±ȽϺʡ
뵽⣬ͻȻƳһվһľ⡣
̿Եڶȥ٣
ͻþûӦ˺þãʶ˵ʲô˼
ɣִˣǲǲ̫ʣæ־ܾҴûо飬ûʲô飬ʵġ
ʲôʣ˵ʵҲ̣ǻӰĵӣҲû˸˵ʲô̿Եڶҽߴֵʱٲô
ǡЩΪѵ˵ôҪ飬ܸоûס
˵ѾˣбҪôûģڶȻ鷳ʵɵģ鶼ºֻҪźʧܿľˡҵȥģʲôû˸Ҳ
ִˣǲٿһ£
ôˣǻӰһľ
ǣ
ȻˣҲֻǿӦˡ

س̵·ϣʱҪúֻܶ࣬ɺ䣬һЩı磬ҲôܣߵʺжϺ޷ˡ
̴ĿϣˮľȴûнЩϣڲ²ҩʦλӦԼ⡣
֪ҩʦôģӶҪ¶ô鱨ҩʦִ˲ǲ
ĳ̶ֳ˵ˮľǰļ䣬Ԥûʲô̫ĲͬȻ鱨ԴͷһǲЧûκβ
оҩʦ򽻵ԼıԽԽһҡײƭˡ
һ̶ˮ̽磬İͰĵȵ󣬰ĵص˺ǲС֪סԭУΪ޺Ͱ޵ת˷ӡͲľҹĹ̾ͼΪաûкھˮĻǲ˶һܹùӵоǿŮӺսĸȽϺöԸ治˵
ʱҪԼȥҲ̫ΣˡͶʯ·һ£Զڳʲô֯׷ɱ裬ҩʦܹж֪ǲӦԡ
ҩʦḶжֻǣдΪݵǿѹƣҲ֪ܲ߳ԭۡԼڣˮľ붼ȻʧЦѧеҩʦдĴԣûиĴǻۡҹļһͶΪʵֵ֤ǿЦ
Ҳһѣ˵ʲô˾ȵҲ˵
ʱˮľͻȻͣŲԶһӰѩ˳
֮㻹û
ȻҩʦݣˮľԺĸоֻһᶯĿܡ
Ϊʲô
ҩʦⲻΪ˺㽻̸ԵñȽòô
òˮľų֪ȴûҵҩʦķӦεúܲǿڱ˲ĸ֪
òĻӦĽһᶯĿܣ
ǻǱǸˣҿɲҺˮľ̵ĽǸʸһ죬ˮľĽ̸㿴Σ
ʵĲ࣬ҩʦһ˺ˮľƽȵؽףܶǱķֻϴμһץƱթ
ңûԷ׼֣ܳˮľһʱҲҲ˿˵ɣҵҪܹ𣿲еĻ׸洵ֻ´棬ͲҪҲˡ
֮仹ʲôˮľʲôʱԵԼҲ֣ܺѰ
ǻźԭΪһ·ˡˮľʼν˵ȣ֪ǣŲصıǲѾʹùˡ
ȷʵˡ
ҩʦˬľͻشˮľ⡣
ˣǺϢ
ˮľûʱ˭ϣҩʦʹ迴ûУʲôˣûӰˡֻҪ֪Ųغü֮ڶʹñĻ͹ˡ


364 ״
Ϣˮľ̺ŲصĹϵôã˳һľҶڲĹϵҩʦİáϧⷬ˼ǰ׷ˡ־Ųӵǲֹˮдۣ¾Ȼ뵱ǲɵˮľ֪ˣ˾ȡܲΪҽʵǺܺô֪ģ
֪Ȼ֪ˣڷ£
ˮľ˵ҩʦҲûʣЦЦ֮תƻԽ׵û̫飬ļֵϸҪԣɲһͿԱģԣҪӵģ
Ҫһ㣬ǸȻ֪־ڴ˵ŵһΪʲôԭûɹҩʦҲ̫𰸡
Ѿгɹˮľ˵ܾǼ򵥵һ仰ҩʦеľϡһҲָϣ֮Ψһ֪ĳɹߣˮľ˵ÿһֵֶ޴
ϢҪȡôĶҩʦǸееԿԴ˻ӵ£ҲʵģʽټһSҪôˣҩʦҲе㲻ģȻȻҩʦҲĴ档
ҩʦҪˮľҲԤϣȤ˵ôνô㿴ϵʲô
ҩʦд˵ҲҪʲôҪһ鱨
鱨ˮľһ񣬡ôȷ֪Ҫ鱨
еĻٻһҩʦ
ðɣ˵˵ʲô鱨
ڴ˺ǲ֪пܶȡǲ𣿡
⿴ҪҲǲµʲô֪ھͿԸ㣬Ҫ˵ýôУ
ҩʦµʲôˮľһҲ⣬˲һ㣬ܻöԲԼ̡Ȼʳ⣬Ǿ϶ˮľԤˡ
Ҵ𰸣Ȼҽϸ޻ת֮ԼתȫһԸ㡣Ȼٽģʽҡ
ҩʦϸŽ׵Ĳ衣
ôҪǷˣɾͳԴˡ
ûϵһǱȽˮľ̵ġ
ˮľﲻмЦЦҩʦ˵鱨ջͬô׵Եɡ
ϸãֻ˵һ飺һʼûκζȡǲĿԣ
ûпܣҩʦһ˵̫˾ˣҩʦԤԵζ˵δȻΪʵ˵ûгɹǻ˵ʱ˲ãһʼûпܡʹˡ
д˶޷ֿɣʹ´һʼֻһԸô
˰ɣװɵϽҸʱ䣡
ˮľ˵Ļ治Ǻ˵˵̸пӵˣ˵ϴеתĲþܴǳĴûлᣬڤڤи־ζ˹켣һ޺Ͱתֳ֮ʤ֮ǰܹɱǵĻ΢΢ӢۺĻڴ򵹴ħ֮ǰǲʧܵģֻǳɹ̶Ȳͬѡ
ҩʦõҪĴ𰸣ӱóһСƿ˹
㻹ǵû뵽ͷڿϣ֪һվ͵ˣʲô
ˮľӹƷһ֮ó׼õľ˹ȥ
һˣҪýƷ´Σҿɾûô˵ˡ
ν׳ԵıģһҩʦܲóˮľĶ˵
ˮľҩʦģʽ֮ûκ⡣֪Ȼýβ޲ˡֻǣҪ㵽ȶβ޲ӻɲףһβ޷ɲôŪֵġҩʦٴ
ôҪú룬´Ҫʲôˣ
ˮľ΢Цʮڴ´ε档
İĵڣҩʦҫŻԹĽ룬ջŵĸ֪˫۵۾Ƭڽâӳ֮Ե÷ǳ졣
˿϶Ļش𣬻ﻹһЩ鱨ȻԤѪ޽𣿡
ҩʦʵ벻ˡµµΪƽߣͻȻǿѪ޽ȴض䡰Ԥԡǿڸ֮Уȡһʧ֣ȻΪʵǿҲԽԽʢľҶ̣һпֻ
֮⣬һ鱨Ҳҩʦʮֲ
Ҳʧţ浽һ죬Ҹô죿
ԭΪҩʦҰ֮󱻴ʱסãģٴαЩҡ


365 ⾪ϲ
ԴӺҩʦ׹ˮľѸٵмҲǰĽҰ¶ޣĸ·ƽػصľҶ塣
ľҶգеرĸܡ·ԱѩѻһߣʱܿСŤŤѩˡ
˱ǰƺ˵㣬Ǹˡ
ٽӣ˻ؼˣԭҲ׷׷شӣʹľҶδԵֻǽͷߵԵ˲١
ףꣿ
ˮľȵĿһҿ¿Ųõĵ棬ƷȻǰľҶûĵů
̽粢ûе磬ӼӹˣֻõķΧǺܴΪܻǺȶܵţ徵ͷķױе߷֣ʹó̶ȲôߡڼõðɣеģֻǶǲǾЧĶƲƷֵİ칫ңһ¶ȵĶǷӹܵǽ磬Ǵĵ
û뵽ڣȻ˾ļõ
ʵʲôˮƿ΢¯żǼ˿רֲƷǵһΡ
磬Ҳвˮ׼ģľҶܴش޿ײ˿˻ᡣ
ܹ֡ݳƷģ˸ٸĹˣҲֻǮ߲ѵ
һΧſֵȺˮľĬĬ˳ȥ

ˮľֵʱ򣬼æµͷڰ˸ߵĳɶļз
㰡ˮľǻˡ
ţʢȴൢ죡ˮľǰ׼õ̴Լ񱨸˹ȥ
ֽӹļַţôʲôرķ𣿡
ûʲôرģедҵ񱨸ˡ
ˮľһ˵ţһ߼Ϊȵظֵһ͵ֱߡ
Ŷַ˷̴ĭױţ׻һѣǸдģôͷӻĺ
ڱԹ˼䣬ٿ˿ṩĿϣȻͷ
Ȼûʲôرġ
ôŵĸ˳ַˮľ񱨸飬ֱֶߵĲ豭һڣĵĿˮľĽۡ
ͻȻ˫۵Բˮӿ˳ǰ϶ʪˡ
˵ûʲôر𣿡һæҵĲˮգһܻغ
ˮľǿĵ׵İЦȴһɻ˵ʲôֵģβ̴壬Ҳ֪ô
ˮܵȻѲˮԭİ
ȻˮľǾԲϸոոֵ裬Ϊ˿ܵŻӰ׻ʲôӦ
˵ĺ֮Ѫôһ˿ģ
Եʵøûмƽˮľ軵װɵعͷ˿ˮľ϶Ϊβ̷Ůܽ

ˮľͷȷϡ
˰ɣ̻ô뿪ӣμʲô̿ԣǵڸʲô
û뵽һʧ̿ԣûʼشΣ
ˮľЦ˵ֵĶǰɲزסμ̿Ҳ˲Ͳμ˰ǰ̿ԣĿͷأ
һô̿ԿľҶеġ
˲Ҳſ񣿻֮ܵôԶĵط͹ٲնɱҲûôҾδؾûаִֻľҶʵ̫˵㣡ֻǴɣ̴ңȻ󱻷˶ѡ
ˮľĻҡҡͷû˵Ȼ¿桢ʵǿߣ꣬ʵӽ̵̣Ҫʲô
ˮľʼףȻҷˡ֪ڵ״ɲ̫ܼеҪʾڸаɣС̴䲻̽ĵλΣʹǲòգھͿִξˡװûǾʹ˽Ǽ̿ʹ˲أ
һ֮˵ʱܲҪ⴫룡
ף
ˮľֻǸ࣬δøȥͷ۾ˡ
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ˮľ׼뿪֮ǰͻȻʵǸβСŮǸʲôˣ
׼ȷһˣɲסϸ֮ˮľʵǿӦȫѱβޡԸһ˲ɵ
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366 ǿߵ
Ȼ꣬ľҶ׶˲١
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˵ˣ̿Ҳ챻ִ˱Ʒˣûû˵񡣡˵ɽҶ¶һŵı顣
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رҲ̵̣˵ʸǲġ
ǰɽҶ̾һ˵˵ˣԺİɣԼʱ쵽ˡ
ɽҶԼ֪ˮľӿ˻ؼҵĲ
ܸоɽҶԽԽˣǰҪ࣬ѵ˵ҲҵӰ죿

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һϳԷǰҲйһΣһΣǰôнˡ
СЦ˵ˮľ㲻ڵʱҲż˵˵ҲԵÿˣĵСӣҲΣֻ㶼ڡ
СӣӦòʲôɣӦҵķڣʲô鷳ӦҲܹˡ
СӣǰӦϵҪ𣬱Ͼˮľɲôյġ
췢۵ĴˡȻʹҰӣɽоҰĹϵǹµһ˵ҲȥǼȥšзǳչľļңҲһܲĵطֻΪĿӰֵҪæ̫ˣûʱչСá
ԣദܾãСʺ߶ˡϴҽԺʱ˵һʱʱˮľæСڰ֮ʣиദҲǲ顣
Ŀ˲ٰ
ϣˮľСĳԷԭʼߴߴ˵ԼеȤ£ҽ˺ջлУбҪоʼľҶϲ֮飬Цʾ쾡¡
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ֻά̽ΪεľҶŻмղȣΪмӦľ޴ֵԼԽɲл˵ţĴ̴壬ҲľҶ
ҲԽ̵塢źС꣬Ǽ˳ŵֻۣҲûȲĴľҶǷɳɳҪ̴壬ǲܵ飬˽½̵̴߲Ϊӣص˵ᱻ϶Ϊ̡ҩʦҪҩʦҰߣ˵ΪľҶĶ
ľҶ壬ʵ̫ˡ
õѣ񷱶ˮľǿ󣬵˳Ϊ֮ƾ٣ҲʧΪһԼ˵顣
˵ˮľǰ㡭̲סҫǰ˵ҪǼõĻЩʱͻҳΪľҶʽร
Сı仯ΪˣĲõһҪҿ
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367 
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һ£
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ڶͣͣڽɢ˻ᲽˮľһɵߵþûļǰȴĿ겢ûпӪҵ
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ˮľɻĴ˽ȥɽկ档ָһ¹̨棬һָϾմһңѾܶûˡ
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ڴķҪǹ۲죬˳㴦һЩˮľ޷˵飬һƺҪɵö࣬ʵ൱ķӣ۲ʮֿˣҪЩ۲쵽з͸󿴱ʣʮֿ鱾۹⡣
оСӣ͵ڰ˰̵нչˮľΪ̫æ޷㵽зæ۲첢һЩ򵥵ʣѾ൱İˡ
ڻˮľǻ˵ʱ佫ɨһ£Լ˼¼һµﲼĽ磬ȷ֮󣬳˹ٵʱյûõ޻ת֮úõо
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ֻǣˮľصعǿҩʦʹ÷ǽԼĻԿʺԼ
Ҫֽ֪޻ת֮ǡת֮˵δֻԣܻܿҲõġ
Ȼ̫һȻеĻʶ㲻ϣֻһ־ȼպķѡǲʹģ棬Ҳᷢı䣬Ȼǡ޻ǲǡʡ˵ǼȻôͱȻ벻˲ֻҪҵȻֶΣԼ̬仯ʱ仯ĻԲôһȫµĻԡ޻ת֮ᵮ
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ֻһ㣬ôԼڻµ˺
ĿӰԼľ˵Ķ飬ˮľɲ뷢Լϡ
ˮľоòײŪֵʱͻȻоһϤĲԶ˹
Сӣʱʲô飿
ˮľеϣ̧ͷſڣһᣬüûСӣˮľǰ
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ʦҵᣬ˵⡣Сӣǰʦһֱûҵˡ
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368 
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ʦ𣿡СӣЩʵΪһӿٶȵԼҪı֮һҲǼǿǲϵҪŦҪʧӰɾ̫ˡ
ϸ˵˵һʹõ
ˮľָھЩϣϵĦšһ˿ȥҲһЩÿ·˶٣ǲܵġֻˮľУȴô¡
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ˮľɫ࣬Сӣеŵ˵һǰƽʱһʹ˾ᡭ
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Ҳûʲô̫ĲһСӣϸһ˵ֻõӰƽʱ࡭
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ҲûʲôһǸսʱƺЩվȣһͺˡǵڶʱ򣬾ûзӦˡ
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ˮľ˵ȻһӦҲоģʲôջ񣿡
СӣֵЦЦ˵ҲоǾỵˣϸ죬Լ޺ãûгɹǷһֺǸϷ˯ơ
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ˮľ͵˵ӵͬúЧӵмݵĴʳޣƽ೤ĶǳԲݵġгĶɡڷӡҲǺơӵƷĵģ飬𵽵ҲͬС죬Ϸ˯ڲ뾫˫Ӱ첿֣ʵһеģͬһѧϰᣬҪʼѧϰһķӡˡ
˵ףˮľǿӡҵģԼĵӣȻҲⷽϺȡ


369 ǧ
˵Ϸ˯磬Сӣе㲻˼˵ǸҲ̫ˣҲûȫѧᡣ߼ӵô
ˮľСӣĲ²⣺ۣ߼߼󲿷ֶûôӣֻҽ̸ЩȽ⡣
ˮľ˿еԺСӣֻýһͣ̽󲿷һ츳׵ǿȻһġʵϣڲòűԽǹϣʵҪԽߣЧһڵǿ١ԭʵ󲿷˶һΪѧЩ߼ԼͻǾʹشˡҵʺԼ·ɫߣչǱҪö࣡
ˮľĹ۵㣬ƺ̽ĴͳһЩһ£Сӣɵɻʵʦ˼ǣڵҪǰҪǿ𣿡
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һ͵ӾǶӰǧĴӰˮšǧ䴴Ӱ֮﷢ˮľ˲ٻӰ֮ĴӰõøãתҲԴڶӰ轫ƣҩʦŽӵ쾡£˵ҩʦǧǿá
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ˮľܽδԽԽǿԽԽḻҲԽԽ֮սսɱȼʮǰҪˡҲǷչıȻ
Сӣǿˮľ˼ʦ˼˵ʹõ󲿷ֶȴǰҪǿ
ǵģѧϰѶȣǱǵȱҪѵġ˵꣬ˮľһתǣҵôѧɻ̫һ
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УΪߣṆ̀̽ĴͳСӣҲܲףԭˡ
ƺµһ㣬һԣһ̵۳ʮͺ˲ˣûУͺѻЩʱ䴸ġԺܶʺʵȻûʲôֵɱﵣֻܿսӶԼʹӽԴȡôߵ·Ҳ֪ˣ÷ӡ۵ĳɹͨԼıݣϢܣлϷ˯綼ķ񡣡
ûʲôõֺһ㣬ֻԼʺԼˣԷӡҪоʱ۵ķչ򣬱Ƚʺƽߡ´ЧͶľ϶࣬ѧϰѶ߲٣Ҳܲ
ЩСӣǺܶһǸˣҲ˵Ժѧϰô
ˮľ϶صͷѧϰһ棬Ƿӡڤ˼ѧģҲǺҪѧҸĻǲģǣҪ೤ʱ䣬ôԼоһ棬ЩѾ֪ģҲǸ죿֤ǿɱȺ޷̽ҪˡѯĴ˺ܶ࣬ȻһΪڴӣǿӣƺҲû̫Ҫҽ𣬷ῴúء˵ѾаպܿѧǸĿˣ
ΪʦˮľΪСӣĸΪ˵̣Ƕ̶̵ļ仰ȴСӣʵصͷ
СӣģˮľҲɵ̾һഺڵŮΪķһЩʱ˵飬ˮľһû̫棬ֻǴСӣķӦʱУƺЩˡ̫ע佻ȴԼⶣص㲻̫עȻ⣬ֻǡ
ʵǲЩ˵̫డоʶʱһ
Сӣƺûб˼ˮľ̨ĳ룬кɫǩȴûκαıʼǱݸСӣ
оӡʱ¼ıʼǣûȥӦöаʣԾҡ


370 ۲֮ʼ
СӣӡĳԣⷽҸ˻ӡ֤һ£ϧСӣˮƽ̫ԶˣԶûдﵽˮľֻͣˮľ֪ʶĳ̶ȡ
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СӣôĿҲĸˡѧУҰӣҲһƷѧŵĺѧֵβԼϿ˯ӿεȮڣ֮ǲһģѧУҵ֮ҲֻڿҵʱȥЩû˶Ϊʾ̫Ĳˡ
ˮľƽ˵ʧ϶е㣬ǻûĵزֻϣסԼ˵Ļ
ˮľĻСӣ˼֮ǰ¶İˮľΪʦʱ龰оϻܡ
˺ܵʱֹǣȻһ٣ڵԼҪˮľѣ˵Ŀˡ
ˡ
СӣҲֻ֪ĻֻԽԽ
飬û˼ǣҸ㲼õʵĿĻЩܲҿԸǣֻһõĻıӰˡ
д۰ˮľҲֹһθ̾βŬֲܻдһνʵǿãͨдֵ̫ˡ

ȰСŮ£ȻܷȻСӣһˣֻ񷱶ˮľҲ㵽ٵӺúѧϰ飬ܲʱغ򲢹۲СӣСԣҲֻܾЩָԼϰˡ
죬ˮľƽжȹ󲿷ֵʱ䶼СżšȻˮľڻʱҲСӣʱҵʿԼʱڵڰ˰̣ûżٵֻܿԾˣҲ¹βŶԡ
һֱ磬ɽկŻصľҶ壬ͱʱˮľѾ׼뿪ļؼˡ
ƣˮľʵˣʲôҪ飬Ҫʱ
һѾûʲôֵֵ̽ĵطֻмҪõֱ֤ӽɣ

۲죿Ȳ뿪飿
ԭ㲻֪ô֮ЩӲڵԵɱҲӦøˣʱǸʱߴߴ壬Ŀȱߵͨṹʲô仯
˳ҲԻϷ˯磿ͨʵ鲻ðɣ
飬ˮľһ֮Щ飬һʼͺͣˡ
ϸҲ֪ˣҲûʹùģʽֻһζѣ˳̽һ仯
Ϸ˯ĿԾͲǹͻˮľֻǿеһֻǱҲǿǱҲܴ󣬵ǲǿĿģȻʹõַҲˮľӡ
ԲӰ˵ľ񣬽۲һȺ˵徫״̬ı仯ʵѣ֮Ҫ򵥡Ϸ˯γɵξʵ־񹥻Ҳø֪۲졣ļ޷֪ϲŭǿҵʹнһĿȻһֺ֪ƶЩƵ÷ˮľϣҲвСô
ȻϷ˯Ҫֲڶˣֻʤڿ̽ˣ۲һȺ̬仯ˡ
ðɣҲгɹˡֻԺ£Ҫǰһ¡Ѿ˵飬ˮľҲûظǴĵز
ӽûԼͨˣȫзˣûߵıͨ˵ĽǸ½ԡǲǺܳԾ
嵹Ǻ˵ɣһλδ󵶵ıδڴϣ±֪˺ԼҲȻηԶ룬ܺıܣ߾ӵѹʱɱͨ˵ǿߣɱˣ
ľҶߴԼܱ߻ãҲ˾ռߣԼߣһҲߣҲߡطƽɾͲһˣľҶߣ϶Ҳͨ˴ѹһѵΪûгʣ˾Ͳķ
Ƶ̽һһγɵԭԼչƵĻ»óһʮֲĽ۰Щп˵һʱĹ۲ۣ̫ԺٿɡһȽҪ֮нչ֮ϲѽҿɶȵôˣ
ԣתִӱóһ˹


371 ʵ
պͷ˼ˮľ壬ע⵽ʮҪϢ
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ͨǿԿλͨٻתֻĵĲĶѵĲܴ
ľɽΪͨ޿ͨٻ˵ľɽǲˮôͨһ޼һӡǾͿͨԼģ
ֱõ֮ˮľף޲ǱģӡǲһеĹؼ
ΪҪĶλ㣬ͨ黹ͨ鶼ǲɻȱġ
ʱռ̫ô
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Ȼ֪ԭ뷨ģеЦ˵ҿԼǵ̣ŪЩѧԲŸöĸ߿ƼǹҲ̽翿ŲҡײƭһˡʵʵоҪ˵裬ҩʦδرȵϡ
ɫЩε˵ڿԼԼڵ¡ԣԼӣ
˵ˮľҲ֪ԼҲͿǰǧȫĸ̽ǰܳһѴܣˮƽҲͨͨǱô٩ҲֵĲ⡣
ɵʲôʱռŪסˣʵһʼ˵úô
ͨġͨ顱֣ѾһԭԭչʾǰǹͨʵʹþѪΪУĶѣϵʲôͨʹõʱӡһģǼ򵥵ؽתΪͨٻ߶ѡӰģֻԼ˫ơңӡͨߵѪǱġѪҺǽϵŦõĻͨԶ޷ϵϣͨʧܡӡԼͣʵǿԹܵģֻҪ㹻㣬ӡʩչͨҲǲС
ܶźߣͨͨչ˲ٵͨͨ͡ʱռֿ⣬Լ֮Ϊ͵֡
ˮľ˵ʱռֿôԼˣӡᣬַӡһ̫ʱռ䣬Ѳˮľֻ;ܵһˣʱռʱöûʲôô
ˮľĿǰķӡʱռԽȶԾԽˮľĹԼͨ츳ʵ̫ãҪ˵˱ȣܺȶеࡣһֱˮľԷӡֲͨ츳Ѵı׶ˡ
֮鷳ƾʲôԭԾͿһӡͿʹͨ飬ֱõ֮ˮľףΪʲôôѧϰ
һĶòǹؼѹĴӰĻܹǿʩչ֮
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˵еҲúԼ죬ô԰ɣ
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֪ɣҲǳߣԺõĳűǲˡ
һ㣬ܹȵؼǿͷϵҪʱ򣬿ԲսˮľЩڴ˵ԺҲõıȺŹˡ
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ʽһݣҾȥɽĵʵҿʽ֮ӡ
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֮ڣ֮ı߾ԶСڣһεĵңһɫջץסһԴ֣漴һԷֵڵء
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˼Ƭ֮С˵Ҳĳ˻ĳ֯ʵǵ
ԲС˼Ҳд˲²⣬ֻǣ̶ֳȵĻһǷܹ֮õóġҪӽ飬ܹΪãǾˣеĻ;ɱ̫Σˡ
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˵ɣҼһȥľҶ̽̽鱨ˣջãûҲν

ľҶ壬ˮľڼﲼһʽ֮ĶС˵˰ɣǴķ֮Ժȫб֤ˡ
ǰˮľһ񣬾ʹһ˻ʵǰǿ٣Ҳתÿˮľ壬СǲѣҲ÷ˡ


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ʵңˮľʮĿѾŪõʽǡ
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潩֣תСȰ˵֣֪ѷľҶӰǣ̫ķȡ翵ͳŵʣ
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֮˵ͨһ㣬һܲĵԣͬʱ̫ĳеĻͲˡʹ;ۻ귨󣬾൱ʱƵܣʹ̫Ƶо޴ˡ˵ףʵǻǵܲ״
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377 
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˵ķӡֻԸľҶʹã
ӡβ޺鷳һβޣɲˮľǸغ׷ȵġʵ˶սսԳɹˮľЩûĿ¡ȫɲóôΨһİ취ʺ־Ƚˡ
ϧʱܹҵһʵѡҲֻߵľԸ̿ҽƾСӣָҪʹȥ
ΪôЩʵ
Ҳֻôģô̵ʱ䣬ȥҺʵѡ
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ʱֻǼ֪Ҫ⴫
ף
ˮľʮֵĲҲֻδѵĺֶѣ̴ǾûеľҶģЩֶζɲóġȻΪԷһҲ޿ɺǡ
ֻǣˮľǵĲЩûгʲô£ȻǽԴϲ˷ˡĲûж⣬Ҳûƽ¡ǰˮľ˵һʽִõ鱨ƣʵһǲβܽľҶĵߣ̬ȻѣⲢǲܵ顣

뿪Ӱ칫֮ˮľҲе㵣һ֮̿ԣǵУľҶڲ⡣
֪̫࣬ͽİֲҪǱˣԼˡ
Ҹˮľǣһĳ⣬ҪΪôӦòֻ̫ܹһס޴ѹôʧصΪʲУ©ѹɵı硣
Ϊʲô£ؼǳΪ֮ô죬ĴӰ֮˶˹أһûõܹõµΣ߳ΪľҶһԱһ£Ϊһˡ
֮⣬ΪҪֱ֯͡вˡµˮľηʲôܴĸ֯͡ˡֻǶԿֻۣˮľﻹ飬սˮľѾˣ²ģʽҲ൱İܹľҶ̶Сˮľȱ񡢰Ŷݼסաȵִǿİ弶ĿǰԼֶΣɶȻ֧Լһƴ

ɰ壬ǧͺϲڵϮ˵ĺоص㣬֮ĶȻҲ¹ѩǸɺʹѩˮܿڲֻطܿѩĳⷽˮ̶УӦĵˮˮ߮
λɰ̳һλʮĳӾصȴš
֮ƺʲôǧͻȻʵ
壬ľҶ̿ԣ㸺ɣ
ǵġ΢ǷǷش˶ɰ̵ķԡ
ǧ鶯Ѿɳڵļ⣬΢΢ЦҾһҪ˵̫ˣҪΪɰЩԽô
ܣô˷ˡ̰ĵزȻ빧壬λ˵ķԸ
ĿӰѡ˭
źûκ˱ѡУеĺѡ˶ŷ
รƺǧЩ⣬Ҳô
ȷʵõѡʵǻ϶޿ޣֻúܶ˶ǡ


378 
ɰϲЧʵĵ£ǧûбʾֻ̫࣬ƽ˵Ӱ֮λȱǴô죿ȺףҪǱ֣֮ɾ鷳ˣ
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ϣɰ̻Ƕˣ
֤˥ʮǧͲʲôԼǶʱԱ˺ٵһֽġǧڵɰ̣ͲñľҶʲôԣֻŵĴĹƻûɰľҶĲർһͿءǰյԼ뱻ƭ޶ۣǱѵܸ߳С
֪ǧԵķǰָԶԣֻóĬеΡ
ˣϲ£˵һЩĻǧͣתԷ˵ɰ̵ĺʵôг͵˲ô
źȻм츳ڵ磬̻̫Զѡμ̿ԵУҲֻӻЩس˵ܽѡʣµĶֻǴӹšˣ͸ӲһˡǵĺľҶԽԽˡ
ľҶȵ̣ɰ̻Զƺ̫߽ϵˣ˵ѧϰľҶѧУĳĸ߻
ǵģǧˣѾԤִУҪЧûǲܵģ
һЩ˼飬Щʬλز͵ļһﻹûܵң
ǧЦ˵ſ̱ĻȫûںǰķеĴ
Ц֮ǧ˵棬צ޼ƿʩڵϣ¶ĸʾȫ
ǲ̫ȫЩʲô
ôǧЦЦĿͼķ壬ٶʲô壿ȻϣľҶıԼİӰѡɰ壬ҫҫŲˣֻľҶ졣˵޾͸ʵʵ˿ڣҪٶˡ
ǡ
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ڶشۣҪԭȻͬķ̿ԵɰͷĿ
ֻһ뵽֮̿ɰֻȥ߹ĸķЩ
ôвʣǧٴβͣƵ˵
ˣ͸ʵҪľҶ֧֡
֪ͺãֻǱɰ̵ı֣ôģҲֻľҶѣǸӹ

ľҶ壬ˮľڽǰһεУ˼رҪĸλҪֵ֮⣬󲿷˶ʼݼˡ
ѵһȺˮľӰ˫һɫĲʱһ˿𻨡
Ϊʲôǧ񣿡ԱʵϰԲЩ⡣
ûбҪҵķӦûдۣǧǸ裬Դе˲˵Σա
ǧǺʵôһ壡
ˮľҡҡͷҲҪ׶ݹֻҪ͹ˡӰ׶׷ˣ뽫Ҳԣ׶ܣټܣϿԷеԹˡ
ľǼǿ
ˮľûκشдôＶǿ̫ˣúñôӡͲľҹ
ЧӦƫԽԽˣͲľҹܸܲ˵׼
ֻҪֻۣǲߣûܹǿɱ֮ǰͲľҹĸֻǸʱ⡣ҪԵģ
ܱԺðɡŲԶӰЩɵʵβ飬ôô
⣬ˮľ˼˺ܾãҲһʧĴð취
Ͳľҹµ壬һûиУ˵׼Ϊĵߣҵж׻᲻˵Ŀ㣣Ҫϸ룡
ѵô˳Ȼ׷ʲô壿
϶ԹۡҪǰǲˣҰľҶΪǸЦˣ
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Ҳױ뷨ĬƬ̺β֮ҲһɣҰ޺ǲûǧļתҪֶΡ
ˮľ˵ҰӣȻַһԡԺ˵ϡ
ֲβôβ޵һҲС
ˮľϿغ׵ķģⶫ˵һ


379 Ǿӭ
ˮľԽ̽һһ죬Ƕѵһ޵΢Ҳǰʱô̹ǡ
˵ģܾ¶СˡѵÿԷˣһ죬ͯɻЦ
вСˮľͬŲڴϡһƬϲУǰܵϮĺۼʧӰ١
Сķڼɻô
һ굽ͷҲӦõİɣˮľķ͸͸ˡҲ˶עĽ䣬һˮľ
ʲôϵСΪȻ˵ܹ͸͸ҲܽˣǺܺôȻȥ֮󣬷Ҳܵڵô
˵ĺеôõġ
ˮľҲɵõͷСĻģʵϸһ룬ǷǳʺСȷ뷨
߶Է⣬ǰϾȥɵĹôм˻ˮľһӰоộ
СĿǰΪֹûѧϢķȻҲᣬԸķҪʱʱĲ䣬֮ϵҪˮľͷ֮ܶˡ
⣬СҲʶʵʵ־ǿԱѱġСʶ⣬ӵͬ˼άķȻҲԼǱܴĸˮľͷ֮鷳СϸͲڡ
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ˮľûʲôȥĳʲôѵùڣɲ̫ᡣ
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ʱˮľǰл۵ļ
£ЩˮľСǰһ̨Ķ
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ҲֻйǲȤˣҲ˶ѡ̻ᣬʶˮľҲȥ֡ʣµȤȾƺͶĲȫͲˮľҪġȥҲֻʣ¡ԳԳԡˡֻǡθˮľ֮Աǣʳᾫڲϸĵ˵Ҳ˵һ˺ʹл棿аôȵСʲ˾

ת˰ˮľС˴Ǿӭ֮ʵľɫ˻صеʱˡ
ǰоˣ𣿡
׼õͣҲʮˡ
ʲôأ
Թ֮СˮľҲҪˡԭǼͥž۵ӣϧ˶ǹ¶Ҳûʲô׾졣ʱ򣬾Եر塣
˶ҲðͲˡ
ӽĿûеֻĮȻҲûʲôײ͵ĸǲƣһ㣬޳һʱ䡣
ˮľǣСȻôԵ¾ͰˮľɱɾһˮľһȻԼ̡
ڲ֮󣬵ڰ˰̣СӣȺãԼΡ
СЩ񶼲ǼһİɣŻƿҪʻˮľʵ
ǼûƷ֡
С˵ú󶼲չһ⡣ûں׾ݵô
ճҪǮַҪǮоӡԼϸǻǮˮСǷݹʱˣͥ״͸׽ˡ
ˮľԾ̴߾Ūֵᡣ
ҪҪһԼĿ¡壬ðͽȥǮ
ֺ޷ȴǮķˮľѾܾеľ޴档

ڶ죬ö硣ǰһϣҹʱûȵ˯ˡһһһҹĴѩӶɰããһƬ
䰡
ﻹůͣǿԲʺϳˡ
ϢһɣҪȥһˡ
һЩеѣϵ壬ڰ˰ѧҲҪȥʺһ£͵ǼҷðɣԴӰȥԺ󻹴ûȥҪҪȥݷһ£
ȷһЩܳΪĺѡ˵;״̬Ҳ൱бҪһ顣


380 ʶ
ǲլԭλľҶһǵӴڣǲΧĵطԭǲӵΧǽѾǲ峤լԺͼ֮ϺѾظǲ֮⣬ʲӵ֮ջء
ˣ·Ľ䣬ϲҲͬ⡣Ӹ߲ҲͼطãǣûԸط¶µļլûκ˹򡣲ΪǲƹľҶӵʱ̫ˣҲ֮ҹѪȣôҾطʮֵĲ飬ԾľͻܶԶ֮
ڱ˵ļﶼڵʱǲһ˶ȹµ꣬ȫ屻ɱѾкüˣҲϰһ˵޵ǱصøԹ˵Ѿ׷Ӵ˽ӣҲûͣепγ̡
ѵʱĵž죬ǻѩĿտشԵø֮Щƣ͵һˬĵطóﶳе㷢Ӳĸűƿˮĵ
ڴʱһŲڻѩϵļѹԶһͣԶǰ
ʲôǵ߰ʱɽз硣
ǰûʲôøУȻҲûʲô̫ĶСֻһûʲô˶ѣҲֻЩֵʱˣԾǳԼģ
ϢնУƴɽзƵ˵
ЩĿЦеĽ꣬һֱڸбɽзԼע⣬ԼСӣǰʱҲ˵ȻҲԵùƧԽӽˡôƺǵһΡ
ûлӦɽзҲԤϡ
ҪҲܹṩһЩ
Ц˵ҲĳĴ˰ɣϧӾ֪ˣˣֵҶѹ򡣡
òȡ˿ǲԵร۾ɽзû¶˿ӵĲҵʵɲô򵥣ұĴǲڻӰĴڣ
ڻӰǴ󡭡˹ˮʳմϵѩˮȻվߵɽзǰȻôţһǲ㴵ô
ɽзڰ˵ôļԺеǻᣬ֮ͻԼʵʲôΡֻи׼ĵĻʱԸ˵
ɽз׻вһ¾̿ԣûбҪǲͻӮòʧ
ҲپһԲת뿪
ֻҸӵɽзҲûǲ񣬽˵ҵվŵĴ֮һĴ裬ʦľǸң滹һ
ǰԶȥͣ˽Ų
ЩˣɽзŽ˵ǲҲ֮еһԱ
ɽзû˵ǣľǲȻ־ŲأǣǶֱӰԳնİǡĳԱ
ӻôһˣΪʲôûеϻӰ
֮󣬾ͻˣȰ˵󵼣ٽɽзĿǴˣһ׼֮̿
װŪ֮Ҳô޺ʲôĿģҪң
ǲ˵꣬ͷҲص뿪ˡ
ֱӰʧɽзųһԴӰǲʧܣɽз֪鷳ˣЩ²ܽӶ̫ˣֻɺͶСȻˣֱ˵ĿġֻҪһԼʵܻ뵽ⷬôԼҲȫʧܡ

ûмģҲûж׾ˮľССңȻе壬ҲĻɡ
ֻϧǹúܿ죬תۼֵҪæµˡԴתһѩ֮ͽʼůѩڵٶҲܿ죬˿˿ůϷ翪ʼӴĽŲ൱졣
ٷĵһ죬ҲԵûʲôΪһսΪߣȻһЩս͵ԱһͰࡣ
ʵһȽϵĻӰûһ¸أҲôģĿǰΪֹĹҲ
ֻΪʵ̫Сһ㣬ûʲô˵ҲûʲôЩɨˡ


381 ˳Ȼ
ɭˮľʱ֮̽顣ԼһֹľУԿԸоɭ深ʢöࡣ
о仰˵úã˼·ƾɽһʼʢȻ»ԶľտʼѿܶطжѻûڻɾĻѩߵĹȣҲһƬѩءɭ֣ȷѾǴůģˡ
ǲˣ͸սɭֵ⻹ЩľٶȲǺܿ졣
Ǹů͵ĺõطǳ̫ˡ
ڶóرķˡյĻУˮ˾ˮҲ൱ˣʹЩС޼ɵķܡΪʳﻹûгѣͿƲסǵرǨرǿ࣬ɭле浽ǡ
һ֮̿ǰļ飬ɲˮľһ˵飬һߵ¹ϵļ¼岻ʱĻߵó档
ˮľʦΪڶԵĿе㲻ʰɡ̵ҰϰҲûô鷳ĵط
ˮľͷȷ¹жϣûҩ϶Ӧ̫ǿЧҩᱻ߻ͨ޷һЩ취Ļ޷Ϣ˵ʵǸ״ˡ
˿Ųǰˮľ¹۽ε˵ûˮľʦôҲû˻÷ӡ߽Լ
ڱവ𣿡ˮľһ߿¼ֻԵñ׳󡣬ҿɲĶѿţ
ҰͶβŲҪֶ˵ڰ˰ΪŮ־ˣռ˴ˣ㲻Ǽٹ˽
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˵ǲ氡¹衣
˵ŵ˺ӱߣԭˮһ̯ˮ
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̫ģҪŴȻĵٹʱͺˡ
ʳײ֮ܶ࣬󣬾ͻø߶˵Ĳʳ׷׻ԾȺ俪ʼʢΣյʱˣˮľƣǡû̿ԵǶʱҡ
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ȻԲʳСͲ鶯ݶΪȺ䵥Ĵ֣ȻĻûάġǲԵʱҲ൱ģټϴʳ⶯еͣὫʧ׷ϵƣ֮ڴ֡
Ҫʵһˮľľս¹̲סˡ
Ҫ̫ģ¹裬Ȼһʱ̶ڱ仯Ķ̬ƽУ̫ǿΪû㹻ʳǲҪľ飬ά䲻ˡ
ʱвһˡ
İɣ㹻ˡˮľͣ¹˵ߣҴһº鷳
¹Ҳûж˵ӿٶȾ뿪ˣһȺޣѲľҶ̡
¹ʧ֮ˮľ˵ʲôˣٲ⣬ҿɾͲˡ
ˮľ䣬һȺѸٵľۼˮľע֮£һīӳˮľǰ
ԭŮ־΢ǰû뵽ǰݷŮ־˵ĸĸʱ򣬻һ档
Ů־΢ƽ˵Ӱ˷ɭ棬ǵСŮ˱ȽϺʡ
ǰæٺòˡ
ˮľֶξϹ֣óһõĿˡҪøãҪרҵ
˳һ䣬ռĶʬ壬ҲҪô
ʲô֮鱨ˮľһ


382 ҥ
ҪʬܹǺܶı׼඼ǲֵҵĴΧΡ߲ɭֵĿãˮľǡþ֪һӵִǾŮܹ׼Ůȡ
ˮľ˴û˵ְţһ̿ԵĿʵ벻ʲôҪ峡׼
־Ųһ飬Ҫս
ǰʵĽ磬ڱˮľĸ֪ܹԼ飬ŲصҲв˲ŵġ˲϶ĻۣŪһЩֵĶҲ⡣
ˮľҲǻһЩʱ䣬Ž⿪ʮֹĽ硣˶ĿĽ糷һ˴ĿĵľӳˮľС
޴У˴ѾĶ壬Բһܹһġ
ȻŮȡɱ˷ΧԶԶɭֵķΧûбҪŪô鷳ֻҪĶܹɭ־͹ˡ
ǸˣˮľȻɻộҪԸ˭½δľӢһ򾡣˻ľҶɥ֮⣬ˮľʵ벻ʲôô˭ֵøôĴԣ
ôˣһʼͲΪɱʲôˡǶ˵Ļɱʲô˲ҪֻҪȻһ粨ݺ
һɭֿˮľһֱΪԼܹƿطҲ˶ҲôΪġʵôĳ⣬һҪԼ᲻ᱻȥ
ҲǺܴŮʶ˲࣬ľҶ߲϶֪ģŮ־ڴĶҲСֻҪŮȡ֣ôȻ֪
类Ƴ֮󣬴ĶʬɢζѸڶʳ⶯ǰﶬļ尾ټʳѷڶѾ۾ˣôʳֱǾݡൽԲʳôҶѵõıһˡƽʱͷѪޣڶԹ˲Ͼ̻ʡ
ųеĿ֮ôΨһӵä㣬ˡõҷطôɱʲô
˼һò۵ˮľ׼뿪ͻȻԼȻá
ҵ丿֮ӡû뵽ŲؾȻܰӡôʹãڸղŵĽжֽô
ܹӡΪ岼ã⼸ʮ꿴ûа׻ˮľս˱仯оȡ
ô򵥾Ʒˮľ϶ǲܵģֱȻɫķķˮľȷʵǲܡ
ĬĬתˮľſ֪Ȼתۼʧ
Ƭ֮ͷɫߵġΧ˹ȴֵֻ޽ʳģԭԤ־ܵˮľѾӰ֮Ҳûзֵġֻγˡ

ʵңˮľʵ̨ϣŷԼ
ӡҲַʽ壿
ضĲӦ飬˾Ϯ֮
ϵķӡȻòˮľ塣
ҵ丿֮ӡӦΪӡ֮һˣ֮ӡҪöԸö࣬;ϵܣֻһжļ򵥷ӡ֮ӡԶˡ
ǲΪʲôܹôӡôôѣ
ɱŲصʱǲȲʹģʽҪǿˣҪҴô
˵Ҳǣ
ǸʱǲӲ¶ܺǲɫͲ˵ˡʵĲ죬Ѫ޽ʲôģĲòЩ˾˵ļһ
ƽʱԸԼķӡˮ׼ܵУ֪˰ɣҲǵȥİ׳աȥӴĪĽ磬Ҫз֮˵ξˡ
һ˵ţһ˫ֵĲô̫Ҳǰ취
ռڸλŲأô죿͵͵ɱߣҲۡǶ˳֡
ɢҥ԰ɣ衢ɱӰʵʲôģټٵģʹĴƣڱҪľҶ壬ñɡľҶ֮ĵط˵Ҳû˹ܡ
ҪҪðһ̣Ϸȫףαװ׳棬պñײ
ڮٱ飬㻹ǵӦ֡־ڻӰ֮λŲأԼĻΪġ
Ҫǿӣ䵥˵Ҫһѵ
ڲûɬлỹҪ֣ŲؾһʵϰҪʧִУҲ̫ء


383 ҪԱ
һ÷֮·ˮľᵽʱռıѹǲҵ£ڲ֮أʲôβУطһΣһܵ֡һԣܵñ˭졣ӿռϵȷʵ൱ѶԸ
Ȼһ㾪ţˮûһΣҲǺ𡣵ˮľصӵʱ򣬲ûκβʹԸ֣ˮľҲֻǽ־ŲɭпжϢ˵ǹԼӦԣֻ˵ŲƺҪԼԼȴˡΪʱռΪˮľףָû̫õİ취ԼŲصжίСһĸ״ɲˮľķ񣬻Լ취ôػ
־ŲصЩ˽ĸ֣ûʲôʵԵĳͻҲûʲôʮҪע飬Ҳмϸڣת˵һ¡
̿ʱѾ쵽ˣѾ룬Աںʵ鱨СþҪʼ׼̵Ŀˡ
ʲôϵ
ӵĿҲۣľҶҪһԤѡģ̿Ի̫Σˣʵ̫֮ǣϲ״ļһװ
ԤѡôˮľҲеɻ󣬡޹ذɣüȽеļһȥ̽һ¾͹ˡ
ҪҪĻڵòǰˡѾ˽ˡַˮľĲ²⣬Ŵ˵ɡ
£칫Ǳƿƽ˽
е찡ˮľһòģˡ
ˮľǰǵˡ
ִϼ˵ĺ˵̻ճɼˮԤѡԵĸˡͬʱҲǵڶ֣
ˮľûעֵİţǶַǳȤ
ճˮԭǣ˵ôô졣
һѧУʱ򣬺ˮľǱȽϤˡˮľǸһճ͹ɼˮؿľԳɰ˹һ˵ͬͬѧֻ˳ѣҲڣڱҵԵʱ򱻴ޣûǵϢˣû뵽˻ǳΪߣ൱ġ
þòû뵽ˮľǰǵǡ
ǰʲôģ̫˼ˣˮľˡ
һ߽ǰʵ̫ˣֲѧУ
ˣԺ˵ֻϤһ£ԺҪˡճˮǾϵȻˮľİţֱ̿Խ
סȻˮľͷ˸к˳ȥ
ǸڣˮľЦʵ
ôܣ̿ϾҪʼˣϾͻһЩҪ飬´ȻĻæ
ǸѣҪ͵ˣԼҪ֣æµӵˣֻҿɲǡӦùġ
รҪҪʵҲһΪľҶһݹף
û⣬ֻҪ㷢ݳ;С
ⲻܣӻûиԣΪһ̵ķǮĵزҲ;ܾȻݹһᣬAҪԱϵڰ˰һ𡣡
ˮľӹһ֮ǰľҶۿ̿ԣ
ε˵̴μӿԵĿҲһͬС
ԭˣ˶Ŀ
ʵǴҪģ⣬еǼ̳ˣؼҪˡ
Ϊ³Уִ˻˲˼ɡ
ĽźʹͬУٰˮľȥõĽڣ
֪ˣƶǱ
ס
¿Σգʵ൱ɣǴ̶ߵò죬е˷ʱ䡣

֮һûʵĴլɫĸ޼һ˦ǰһĵĻΣѪĽѩ׵ȾƬƬһ
˵ÿֺô
Ϊ˽Ǯÿ첻òȡûû˵
ҵĴ󵶣ֿһЩĵĶ
ӵҲС֮߾ףһ䣬ٲˡ֯ԾӰ
ǲƿյĴһ˿ķҷƮ˽
˭֪ء
ǲⲻȤЦ˵˵ľҶҪٰ̿ˣ̽ǿһССĴôͻָˡ
ľҶٴξٰ̿ԵϢ̽һش¼
֯ҲûʲôҪ飬ҪҪȥմ֣ҲľҶӦòϴΣա
Ը޵Ľ飬ǲûлش𣬲֪Ļû


384 ֮
ľҶ壬Խӵĸ߼٣ֱһ൱
ڶ磬׼ʱＯϵصˮľѧѾڵˡ
ˮľʦȵе㲻ͷȮڣԹš
̫ļˣҪʱһְҵ׼ʱǹؼ̫٣̫ˡ
ˮľĻʱȮڣıԹ˻ȥսˮľȣһͳﹷ˵СԲǶ֡
ĶȮڣĳ裬ˮľЦ˵ΪǵʦҺܸ˿ûг֣ҲûΪߵı֣ûйиС
ˮľʦôã˵㣿Ů־ͻȻ˵
ôܣˮľЦŴ·̫˰ɡ
ЩСһôܹ˼еӦ꣬һСĶ˵㲻ǺôʵҲ˵ģ
ˮľƳһһ˼ȴҹ軵Ů־ˡ
׼
ף˵
߱˵

ʵңˮľ۾ؿǰʵ
ַȫѹʵϱӡɫĻӡһᣬû̫󶯾²ȫҴ˹ͷ˺һ޵ӡ
ӡײ˲䣬ʼѸɢɫӣס˶ͷ԰׵գƺͷ­֮С
ʱԭӡ˿ʵ壬忪ʼнĶ
ܷӦӦǸܵʹ
ʵȵķͷŷԸɶӡƣעⱣԣ÷ֳ֮תƳȥ
Σյʵ飬Ǿܵļ֮׼˽²ʽʵеġ
õӡʼϸٵмѱԤҪ̫ˡΪһĿƷ֪˶ʱ䡣
ŷķԸӡٴοʼԾԭѹƵڲµĺڷĿʼռӡĵ̣°Ϳʼͣ˫ۣٴδı塣
ӡٴν˲䡣ʵͷ͵һƤȻһ˿һ˿̧¶һ˫۾
סҪܵӰ졣
䣬ԭƵʼųĹâײĲʼ˫۾ۼ˾ȵ漣ˡ
дۣȻ룬ʵҲԤƣû뵽Ȼġ
˫۶һ񣬻Ҫ𣿡
ˣڿʼͣ飬ѾõҪĽ
ŶӡѹƵӴ󣬺ڷĽˣӡûֱ۵Ƥ֮¡
ʵƽֻдٴλָΪڵ˫ͫ
һ˳ˮľҲġټȥҪôʧأҪôʵͻ᳹ױʵûбҪðǸˡ
ԭΪıˣû뵽Ҳضá֮֮֮鴫
һ屯ĸԴ˵ʵҲûпʡڴԣϸֲư۵ʹڼɶԷּҵȫȨƿءҲ̸ЩıͺĻӡʵ̫Եˡ
ǣˣ̽Ҳһǿ׵Ķ
֮ʮʮоţǶȥһ̽Ȼûôӵ˵ľߵġǲԳġ仰ʵ˼ࡣǴȱҲȻһߣ˵ʲôʱó
ָˣֻ뷮ǣлŽ߻ᷢʲôܿϧǣԭΨһڵĴ̽սˡ
ǿЦһʼ˵úˡ
ȷָߣǣ˼ɲô򵥵ġ̥еĺӲʼı⣬˳ļҲŶף
ۺԡһװģŰ״ӵˮľʼܽʵ飬ܱ;˫طơñǿͻƣȴǿеġ
ÿһͻƣϵĸһʵ
⸣У
ֻǻûвļޡ
ͷڰ֣ټȥᴥµĵߡУʵ࣬ʣµɡ쵽ˣļڰ
ҪҪʱǱߵ
ˣԭһ壬ʽ϶Ҳͬġ
³ķʽһ̨ϵģҲһոյ࣬ûҵʵƷ


385 α
ˮľŵڰ˰̣֮ͨĵ·ϣһ·̫ƽ˷ζ
ˮľʦΪʲôߣȮڣ̲ס˵
ߵҲˣ˵ȫûбҪܻͨͨվֱҪö࣬ˮľȻͰŴ·ǰ
԰ꡣˮľЦŴߵٿҲûãҪϴеʱ䡣ɲͬҪԱί˻ǵȰ棬ǵְϴִб񡣡
û뵽Ȼִ
ܹӵǳݡũɨ֮ͲˡľҶ񡪡ѰҴ˵èӵ֪ѵ˼̡Ϊ֮ǰܹʶһ¸߼ʲôӵľĪջˡ
ˮľʦһ򻰲ͻȻʵ̿ԣҪʼ˰ɣ
ţȥͲˡˮľԭһԤѡģΪϴ̿Աпɵ̣ԣܲܲμ̿ԣɴ˵㡣ˣ߰͵ʮ⣬Ϊǻ˶Աˣ
ԤѡԭΪǰ϶飬û뵽⡣
ˮľʦܹμ̿ô
ɣֻҪ̫ǲμӺˣԤѡʲôģν
£ˮľŲᣬ֮ӵ飬Ҫʲôԣ˷ʱ䡣

ҹŵùݣˮľ͸Ϲķ֮ŸոյϢ
ôŰɣ㲻дʲôģʱûǸҪͲдۣûʲôô
Ūа᪺аȽ֮ǰд۶ɲóͲдۻܺһ¶ˮľŸд۳˶˷Ѳ벻ʲôô
ƺķαơ
ڵ٩ԼëҪúøҲķ
ǸǲĿ¡壬ȻͲãӡʴ͸֧дۿ۵ĸӿٶȡֻǣʵ˶ʶ֮󣬾ͷβܣԻĹԣαԸǲĿ¡ҲϸȻʵӳ
ȻѾ˼㣬ٻܹһµģȴ𣬷ȻʲôˡȻˮľ壬ҲһĴá
αҪ͡
ˮľҲΪ鷳գиķЭоصʵһֱûбΪ˼·һʼȷޱȡ
⣬һ㣡ѵûǮˣʵҪԴŪ֡Ŀǰķֶֻĸٶ֧Ųȥˡ
ϵģֻ߸𣿡
ʲô¡˴սתӰ׾ţһʼǸ翵Σô˺ѣһѿ¡ͬǳѡܹµģֻпһҵȫֲ֧пܣͿһ߼ֱͥڿЦ
Ǹ¡ȹˮľϵ˵һ˫дۣ˵зչǱҲһİ֡
ôƣ
ûа취ˮľܹ˵ӡˣҪʲôơ
ҪŰܹл֪ꣿ
ˮľЦЦЦʹ˴סɡҲΪһ˼άӤһҪ̫ĵȥƣ͵һ̣ͨҲȫǿʵӡʵϣ̾󲿷ֶĹҪ̫ࡣ
ԸŦ˵ôһˡַ֪̫࣬Ǹ鷳
˸һ㲻ӦΪķֹ𣿡
ɣǱ˵㡣
һǲĿ¡Ҳʲôˣ˵ϣܹһЩʲôϲ
뷨Σգˮľѵʹ˼άʽԽԽˣ
ˮľ˼شǰô
ϸһ£ƺûʲôرĲС
ɣһҪžǸ¡壬ˣӦøȡһְɣ
ˮľ֮˵ͽҴ塣
ǷܣгҴ棬ǳϮս佫
䣬ˮľʧˮľһ˼

ڶ죬ȵЩֵĿɫƣˮľΪˮľû˯ãֻ黹ģѵʲô飿һ뵽Լ̿Եʸˮľһ֮䣬̲ɵÿʼԼʲôطòá
ֹ죬ľҶĶڸڴ֮ǰִ֮û̵̫棬ʵ֮Ͼ׼̣ϾʱҲǺܶࡣ


386 ֮
ΪľҶʷΪԺյСӣڰ˰ƺû̫ԾһСȻǺľҶպ߼ȣвġ
ֻ̽Լ׳ɵĹ򣬴ĺϷ֧ߣֻǷڵȨߵĹߡ
Ȼǧķչ״Ѿ˺ܴı仯ֻߵĵλȻûôߣ˵ߺͨָѣʹ֮ĳ̶ֳϵ⡣
ʱսսģˮľͲЦĴĹˮľԵüΪЦߵ˰ˮľ֮ڣƺһȻġ뵽һ㣬ˮľֻǰʱˮľķʹû̽̽״̬飬ʧûжƺֶεôߴͥģ
ˮľҲû̫ģô˵֮ģˮľûȤ֪̿һǹǵۿʱ̣ȥľҶ壬˽һ£Ȼ˵ֻΪ˹ۿ̿ԣˮľŲдʡʲôнײŶԡͺˮľûϵˡ
ˮľڵĳԯϱĿʱһԲеȴ˼ﵣ̿ʱԼı֣ȮڣһͬеЩɵŮ־ŮܽӰ¶֮ɫ
߼ΪеܽͻȻתͷŮ־˿ԼһľҶߣȤʵǿҸʲôʲôֵĶ˵ǶȤҽѣ
Цеؿ̵ܽʱ˵ڰ˰ĪѹﻹãȮڣΪĿС㡣Ů־Ϊ̲ס˽䱸ơ
ǲҪ£ûжģҽ̴ܽߣҪȥľҶѡԣȥμ̿ԣܸܲǵ֣ǳΪѵĵһɡ
״ε̣Щ˵־ˣ˺е㲻Ӳ̫ʹɣ
ף˵СãҿɲǱܽԺѡһˣร
ѭѭյĻûеõӦ䱸Ŀ⡣ֱʱٵŸϽסԵܽľҶ˵ǸȻ󽫜ĵŮקĴߡ
Ǽһﵽô£ȮڣЩĪʵ
˭֪أŮ־ЩӦȵĽ䱸ƣɫ˵ֻ֪Ǹ˺ΣգʵҲǿ
˵Ȯڣͳ軹ֻǸоֲöԸĻŮ־˾ĸܵܽѹһĿֲϢ
βһβޣòһֻ׳ͳ϶ɵķ޳棬һ˫ۼ״βֻͣβȫܱɰ͸״ᣬΪǿ׳ĳɣ֧޴ƯĻβᣬԿٷУһӵмΪǿĴΧǾֻβΨһܷɵġͬʱҲٶһֻ
Ȼβ棬ǴϢɢ󣬶ΪٳʦŮ־ԼƵĳӵѹȸԶ˴öࡣܽһѵõĿβԺܷĵβ޵ͷųβϢһЩ֪Ϊ߻ޡͨ޼Ϊɵ
֮ǼȻȥľҶμ̿ԵĿô϶ǵľ֣ʱȻŪ֪νļһڸʲô
ܹǿֲ߽ȡʤȮڣε顣Ŀ֮»ǿеһҪȡģԻӰΪĿ꣬ٵڻûзʱ롣
ɻŮ־룬ߵˮľʵˮľʦǸŮܽϤǸʲôˣ
ôȤˮľ۾ŵȴش־ˣһûôŮߣʲôֵģ
ܸое⡭Ů־ЩֵʵڵļĻܲʱƺе㲻ܿƣηʲôµĶ
һֿƲŮ־˶ǵʲôʱˣû뵽Ȼٴη
Ǿ˵㻹ûҰ־ˣˮľҡҡͷֻзʵʱ򣬲Ż֣ͺҪǷųɱ˼άתѡ
Ǿ˵ǸܽҪǿ𣿡
Ȼܲģˮľж۹⣬Ů־˻ŵġ
ţ̿ԣǿҪŬΪֵһαҲһҪ̫Ļҵһε̵ɾͻˡ
ԺܹʮβɫŮ־ˣڵʵβƶסضԶ


387 
ʵңˮľĿǰϵĺڷꡣʲôһ֪״̬ܹм򵥵Ľֻ˼ʱ䡣гԵĽ̵֮⣬ȫǷֲġ
ͨӤҪüѧһԣҪףҲûд״̬һĴΪѧϰһĸѶȣûеĴ
һҪԭڣ¡Ļĸȷʵ൱㣬ʺܺãѧʲôȽϿ졣
Ҵ壡
Ϥ֣ڷ̾˷Ӧ̧ͷˮľȴŷԸ
ϰ˶
գգ۾վҴ壬ף·
˵˫ȾǰǵһֱߵͷʵҵʯڣȻ۷ʮ֮󣬿ҪֲסͣվڷǰͬĻ򣬵ǳɳ̲һݼΪ֮⣬ӷ͵ţٵ̬ǲ˼Ĳͬ
ˮľ˶ɡ
ܺãϢˡ
Ϣˡ
˵꣬ԹԵת˻ȥΣȻΣԱߵСʯϢ
һлָƽ֮һˮľƾճ֡
ô̵һʲô֪Ŀհ꣬оΣ
ɣеģĿɲʲôʱ㹻Դ飿ڳӡоĻͣˡõķô붼еȤ
Ҳûа취飬ǱϾߵĲԵ·ӣûǮҲûǰ;ҪҸϡá
¶һһжΪУʮββڣ˭˭ڻ¡ֻֻۣ˺ս﷢չѾˣҪ紩Խʮ˵еþȣھͱôˡ
ҪҪ飬ȥ֤ûץǡ
˰ɣ⡣͵͵Ҳı䲻˱ʡЩٸƶһ̲סٱ˵ĸԼƶοһʼΪԼ͵Ǯв԰Ρ
Ǿû취ˣռԴ̫˷ʱˡ
ȴ쵽ˣתһ㡣
ת࣬и棬״Ҳơ
㻹ȰҴ̵ðɣĿǰܹӡû춯
ѾˣӡҲȶаӡȷʵЧ
ԾԦаӡԿӡ˵ӡǻھĸŻԾһһ֪˵ȻûӡӳľӡҲĻᣬаӡȹޱȡƵҴ˸ķ֮󣬲Żеӡ⡣

Ӱ칫ңؿǰһȺߣһЭľ˶֮󣬽˸֡
̿ԵһǱԣǽμ࿼٣һοָ̫࣬϶ҲΪһɸѡشλؾľ
ס
ܺáôһԵ٣ݱ١
īľӢʦӦС
غڹעĿ̫࣬һҪžܴ¼У̭ʿʵһ㡣
̿ԣһѡβԣһչʾĻᣬҪǹԹǮ񣬾һҪǿһ档
زСݱնؾ
һֱΪӢͥʦĻݱ٣ҲʼתԼĽѪͳȷʵóر̵ݣʵĻͷḻĽѧ飬߽ҵԵõӦ֣һ̿ԻѲ
־Ļݱϣ̿д֣Դ֪ԼǺѡ֮Ѿ׼˺þã͵ŵʱһˡ

Ϊʲôһ㲻ԸͨͬУһεڰ˰ˡͨߵ˵ԶߣҪͣϢһȺԴΪ׵ĹˣܲðίֻҪʲôǳ治ɵĴ£ˮľǶԶԶģЩ˷ʱ䣬ֻҪƽƽִľҶͲԼˡֻǣԼƽ£ͲסǷǣ
ˮľûֹǰĲǲ¶ɫעⱣԼһӰȻȻȥ
Ƭ֮󣬴ֵˮľһϤס
ҩʦԣǿ¡ôģ
Ȼ֪ҩʦԺϸ¡һǿ߶û뵽ôż
ûнˮľ̵ֻԼֽˡҩʦһΣˮľ̸̸顭


388 
ˮľЩ⣬ȻýʣйͬĿкĻɣ֮䣬ʵ벻˸ȡĽ֮⣬ʲôϵںô
ˮľЦҡҡͷε̸ʵǲ̫ס
ҩʦˮľĵ٩ûʲôرıʾƺ׼˵Ҫܾ̫磬˵飬ԴҶ
Ȼôаգɡ
֮òرԶʹҪ͵ϮˮľҲü֧Ԯҩʦõɽ֮ơ
ˮḷ̌ǵá֯ĳɰ֮Ыô
ɰ֮ЫȻǵãˮľɵĵһģһˣʲô̸۵ıҪ
ҩʦɰ֮ЫȷʵѾˣһ޹ؽҪǣʱ򣬿ǲأ
˵꣬ҩʦ¶һ˿΢Цƺظˮľע⡣
ۣˮľһ˼ҩʦ˼Ҳǳɰ֮Ы֮µĿܣ˶ˣôûбǱԲɰԴ
㶼֪ҩʦȵʵɲʲô鱨ܽ͵˵ģ֮ǰҩʦԼ֪ԼȻܵɰ֮Ыǯƣݻʵ顣
ˮľǰŪʵǲ˴˼ʱżһȻ㶼֪ôҲͳɰ֮Ыǡ֯Ĵкܶ飬粻֪ġȻҲһЩľ鱨ϣųɰ֮ЫЩҲֻд˺֪ˡˮľͣҲеĶǺĻ
ôɽֵĶ˵ң
ҩʦĻҪţˮľͱԵʣˡڳɰ֮Ыܹʲôֵ죿˿ˮľиõĿ¡ģǶҩǰٻ֮ĿʦؼˮľȤԼֲǴĿʦҪʲôã
˵ôɣô˵Ҳһʦղء
ҪûõĽ飬ǾͲؼ̸ȥˣ˷ʱ䡣
ٶٺõķչ򣬶ˮľѾûôˡմԽǻᣬʵԱˮľ˵еȤڣѾǱĵزˣҷչɣѾ򶯲ˮľˡ
ðɣʹЩ㶼Ȥǻйͬĵ˰ɣ֯ˣǿԽͬˣȸɵǼĳԱ˵
ˮľڰֹҩʦ٩٩̸
ȻľҶߣǻǻӰûбҪΪӵĵաղЩӦҸȥ̸ֻһµľҶ̣һ㣬Ҫҽʲôֻ֮ǴĽ׹ϵ˵ÿһҶţҪõʲôóɻǰ
ʱ䣬˵ʵҲǺܳˣٸԼ̫鷳Ѱ·
ˮľ̵ĳӲأ϶飬ƺѱ˵
˵ˮľͻȻǰһץסҩʦĺһûĿ¡壬ʲôеǰ˵˵ղҩʦҷˣʱɣҪΪھͰȫˣֻý֦ʲôΪҲ֪ϵβ޲ðɣԲ̴β޵⣿ģʽҸģΪùң
˵꣬ˮľһѽҩʦڵϡһùĿܣúۣҩʦˮľĽѵԴ
ȿȡҩʦţ滺ĲʣһŴŴ˵˵̿Ҳ¶ˣãӭͷײϣ
֪˾͸Ͻһûиı⣬ôǰʧȻĻıҲˡ
Ȼǵˮľ̲죬ҾͲˡΪٱǸ⣬һ鱨ľҶʹٴνͷչݲǺǣѪҺԼһЩʵİƷ͵˴ϣǩϵ¹⼲硣
˵꣬Ⱦȵˮľʣǰҩʦ˫˲ʧȥɣ˵ڵϱһûǡ
ѪҺں˰׾ϸĳϸй¶𣿻͵˴ϣ
鱨ˮľһһǰûע⵽ĵطȻ˳ϵķչֻǣҪѶòܹƽⳬϸţˮľҲ׼
չ̽ʲôӣҿɹܲˡ
ԭ㲻飬һͻȻֵļһð˲ѣص֮֮һŲõڰ˰ѧԾĲʱùͷ


389 Ǯ
ˮľһ˻صľҶʱ򣬶ϢѾʧһһůѩڻů⣬Ұļڽǰˡһ֣ʼſĻľҫϣůĴ紵˸оȷʵһļˡ
ľҶ壿Ȼǻ֮֮ءһ֮ӡ̣ûľҶ֮ƫĵĵطһĿܱ֮һ쿴ĶҪࡣ
ûʲôļһ￴ʲôģΧ˶Ͷ۹⡣ҲֻûûεܽŲܲ˵ĶʲôҪȥʶһ
ԽľҶ忪ʼרŸӴԱȥ֮ӣ̣򷢷֮ˮľֱӴ˻Ӱ칫ҡԭòˮľôĵģǸϽøּһ˵
ϾҪĿӰ̴һŮ찡֪ʲôˣ
ԴľҶ壬Եø˷ܵܽſЩϽȥ棬̴һ굽ͷûֵĳ档ȻˣԴ˵еĻӰɵɵŮҲ൱ȤģһŮôôܹϻӰ൱档
Ӱ칫ңˮľ񱨸֮ŵڰ˰̾뿪ˣֻʣ¸ֺĴžỴ̈ǸЦ۾ֶܽ࿴۵β֮⣬˶е㲻
ûи߼ߴ𣿡ֿһȺʵ
һһ̤ǰһش𣺡˲ţΪӡ
棿ˮľϵȷϵ
ҡ
ֵͷαװ̵ĸ˵̿Կʼһʱ䣬ڼľҶΪʱкܶԸӵߡǰнǳУڴ˽ֱԽǱ̭֮ǰڴжȨϣǲҪʲô飡
ף
ʱ䣬ǿԾιľҶ壬ҲԴ̿Եľֵ鱨ǵ⡣ҪҸӴߣҲֱҡ
ʮָлҸ棡
ûʲô飬Ǿȥ׼ɣ
ͷ˸֮˳ȥ
Ȼеͷԡ뿪ȻʧЦѵô
˭֪أպֱߵļ˵ҲͷԼ򵥵˱Ƚ׿βްɣ

ԴӳΪһ̿ʼˮľʹûԼһ컹ҪЩëƤС¡ǡ¸ء̾ӢˣÿӦôΪάƽôܽҵԹİɡ
ԼȻҲΪǮӣвҲ̫ˡĵӢۣ¶ûװǮĿڴһƽ߱£ûΪǮƷѵǵǮؼģǴҲ̫˰ɡԼôҲǴԽеһԱôȣҲʵ̫ˡ
ȻΪһߣķΧ֮ڣǹؼ̫ˡԼ߸СһһʱɲóҴ塣ʱ䷹еСǲģ֮ңҲҪϤչˡôһ㣬̵ĳͺܸߣʵϸ֧Ų֮Ŀ
ѹ֡֯ץβޣҪȥǮһתָ֯ļƻĿûǮ֧ţǾˮ£õšǲߺǲôʮ׾ҪǮƱСܼŮӻˣ˵׾
ǰͣˮľܸоƺٷƬ
ôθڣСˮľӣЩֵʵ
ûУͦóԡȻֻܿԼܲˬҲڻеǰ¶
̫ˣɢûطȥˡСĵ˵̿ԣôˣϣҪϴʲôͺˣ
İɣ϶ûġ
һߴͬʱμӵ̿ԣ̽еߴ嶼ɳμӣʢᣬһӶѵÿһΡȻйĶǵĳɷ棬˭Ҫʱңս̽Ȩǡ֯ҲʱԵƻٶ
Ȼıֶٲ˵ģҪˮľЩˡ
ϣ˰ɡСҲֻһʣǰЩʱܲãڶȥˣǸСȻûзĻڳԱһҪ죬ܿǰˣø̿Ե֣Ӧüԣһ㡣


390 
̫ˡȻҲֻǻһʱһϢˡ
ܰæͺáСЦ˵˵ǼҵĻĶǷǳټƷ֣ǡ̿ԣкܶ˻ӣǲҪȡĴͻҪһˣǼҵļɾĳˣҲúܶɡ
ţ˵Ĳ
ˮľæĵͷͻλЧӦƷƣô׬ǮСԼ׶ˣӼʶˮľؼʱ̾벻ҪôãҪСѲеͷ
⻹һܺõķ
ԼȻֻһľҶ̣Ҳܶ̿صʱʱؽӴһЩٹҲ֣żҲԸԼҵ棬˵ļͷͲھľҶ壬֮ȫ̽ʲôġǸʱԴԴϵĽǮԴͻ
ͦõˮľһ߳ԷһΣǻʱ̲סЦó鶯

Щ¶ҴɻĿǰˮľȻǰ̵֪ʶ˶һģһòŴҲһޣǣҴȻоƺͬһˡ
ʱһӰͻȻ֣һһģһˮľӳҴ
ʶˮľ
е꣬ʱˡ
о
еӣе㲻ͬģһѾ
ˮľ忴ǰЩӣͳǲԱȾͿԷ֣ͺòȻ˵ƣҲΪмΪеĹϵǾԲΪͬһˡ
̫ˣҷҲȫһ㣬Ҵȫ͵Ҳһ˿ЦݣһĸǲԲеġ
ϿҲྶͥǲͦ壬ԵüΪ񡣶Ҵݣ޳֫Ͳ԰׵Ƥ޲͸¶̬Ϣ
еֵֹģһôһַʽһȫµˣо̫ʵ
˵Ǵʵ׼ȷһϸҲġˮľģֻǽһ˿һеԭȻ˵ͼ仰ѶǲԶġÿ׶εϸڿƣķˮľٵľ
Ůûгȸһ٩˵Ȼ׼ôܾܲⰵյĵ¶ȹһɣ
ʱûô졣̻֮󣬾ҪȥᣬϤһ»ʶȻĻʼһȻóҪĶͺҪˡ¶ҪĵĻûǸʱ䣡
ˮľ˦ѾҪҴ壬ʵûеطáľҶȨƵˮľܲذһİˣҪŲصȨƣԣľҶеС壬ֽţڵˮľʵް취ľҶ⣬ʲôãʱˮľǵǴġ֯
ѾеüĿˡ
ķһֱľҶ壬¿ʼ϶ˣҪøɺжĿǰ߼ֵݿ϶ǲġˮľǻӰĵϵҲȫް취Ҫľһ

ľҶ칫¥һƫƧСˮľͻݱ١ءԼݶĵɽҶһۿǰһĻ
û뵽겻ӵ豸»ˣǼذ
ʵʣֻǳɱ̫ߣһֱûʵСνʷģ̿ԵıܶӲʩ˼ĸơǰٰĳЩͻԱҵ䣬ǲİ취
ΪֹϵĿˡϵˮľ˸Ƿеƣ˵ʲô֣
šľһֱأһ֧Ÿ첲⸧°˵о鷳ļһﲻ١
˵˸û˵һƺܹ²۵̫࣬ɴ˵ˡ
֮ݱ٣һԣֺһ㣬Щ鷳ļһӡ
ݱƱϵ۾ڵľƬӳʾĹâһһֻ˵ġ
ô˵ĹƽҪ֤ģҪȻβķڷ
ǣҲǳͬݱٵ˵
ƽˮľƲƲ죬̾Ͳ˵ˣٿǸ̵֮һļһȻҲҪμ̿ԣҽƽӦ̵Ķһǿʲô
ľҶҲбһǿ̡ǲΣ
ݱٷ˵
ôϣǵڶĸˮľЩεرԹ
˵İɣ
˶¶ȻЦݡ


391 ֮ʼ
Ҫ˵ҵ߻֮˳۵ĻɰߡӴӽʼͿʼʮľսУͻ˲֪Ѫ
ĿӰҰľĴ£ԲرɫۺʵﵽľҶ徺ĳ̶ȣ쵼Լ䳫ŽǷֲģǣҲƱغоϵĴӹϵʮֶӣɰ̾Ͳ˵ˣٲ½̶岻ľҶĹϵҲʮ䵭
Ϊ֮ƵҪĬϵѹǿƵľҶԼšϱŵľѾγ˺֮ܶ꣬ĲѾġ̿ԣһӻ˾ۼһƱػԶ̿Եļҳ̶ȡ
̿ԻûпʼʹĿҲûСֶβ鱨Ѿº͵ˡӽľҶ忪ʼսѾʼˡͷŹС£ľҶߵѹ컯֮£ҲŪʲôӡ߶ŪıƵרң͵Ϯɱİ
̶̵ļʱ䣬صһ¹ʣһ忼δ֪ľƣͬʳ¶ɴľҶҽ㹻㣬μʱú컹ϵ̿ԡĵĴ˺ͶʿĴ̫ˡ
̽ô󣬸ϡŹֵѪ޽ʵ̫ˡ˸ҲһЩ鷳Ķж֡
ʵҲľҶߵĹӣάͨ߸æ
ƺ鷳Ӱ
ľżˮľҲĹ䡣
ľ״Ҳ൱ͷۡ
̿Կ㿪ʼͺˣ̭һҲһ㡣
ߺ࣬һЩľҶҲԹص˵ʲôٶڶοҲ˲ͬʱҲ˸ֲ㣬ϾľҶ̫ĵط
ǰľ涼ûбô𼸸عصĿͺˡ
ûֱӵ֤ݣôʱ֪ĸµ֣Ǹ޷֤һѵһӵ˶ߣ
ˮľҡҡͷ£Ȼ˸ҳ֣ͱȻаղ֡ȻҲϲ״Ĵܹμ̿ԵģȻǸľӢô׾ͱץѱ
ټͺˡ
ֻҪû˿ݵıʱŲôֱ࣬ӸϳľҶ塣

ӹˮľеݹ̿룬ȮڣŮ־˻ﲻϲ⣬вҪʼ̿ˣˮľʦûиʽ˵¡жʱ䣬ɣǲˮľǸˡ
ʵǲµҲûʲôģˮľѾȥˣǸ˵һֱˮľϣ̫࣬һȥˡ
ˣֱȥҲʲô£һһ޹ؽҪֻҪϵһԾ͹ˡ
ܸоˮľʦڷ°ûʲôҸô
ô᣿ˮľɫ˵ǼȻҪΪ̣ȻҪΪԼѡˣʲô¶Ҫʦ̣ǻôҵ
ô˹ʦԶκ;ҰǲģȮڣЩɵʵ
ʵŲģİɣǺǿģúȥ԰ɡ
æĲɿˮľʱѧôࣿһ乧άʹˡ
ңǰھҵ㡾ְصˮľʦǼ̿ԵĿ٣ҪǲСĿңҪװʶ򣬻ᱻΪߺŵร
Ǿ˵ʲô鱨˵ˣ
ˮľ΢΢һЦӻ֣Ȼ˾ʧˡ
ôˣȮڣͲ˵־ˣǾôȥμӿԣ
ţһҲûʲôֻͬҪֳɫǶлΪ̡
Ǻðɣ׼ͶνһµġҲڣɨˡ
ˮľʦ˵ǹؼǻȥú׼ɡ
Ů־˿ˮľո뿪ķ
ÿ˲һ˲ҵĸ֪ͼĻ鷶Χ

̿ԵһԵĵص㣬һ͵ĻҸװġռ䣬һнյĽο˷ǵļӾͷ½½뿼ĿѾܶˡȻ뿼Իһʱ䣬Ǵ󲿷˶ǰһʱΪ˶Ϥһ¿Լ۲һ¾֡
ȴڿ٣żڶ࿼ģֱЩҪرˡ
ݱ٣ȥһһСϷ޳һЩ𣿡
˰ɡݱҡҡͷȥ࣬ǰһˣ̭Чԣ꿼̫ߣʹһӴĻҲ޹ؽҪҪ̭ͲǸˡ


392 ǿߵȨ
̿ԣȿòʱԭĿԽİҶƵĵűľߣҪ˽ᱻԣʹòɿˡ˶մӽСۼһ𣬻䱸ſܵİ֣⼸ķңôɥʧ˻İȫС
ʱƣ̿ԵʱڵˣĴŹرգ̿ҲʽĻʱûеģʲôɣԶɥʧʸһҪʱְҵ
ڴ˿̣ԭϯ̨λãһװźīĻݱһȺٳˡ
̿ڿʼݱǰһɫ˵ǵһβԵ١ݱ١ȣҪ°λ
һ޴ӱǰ
ÿһγǩᣬճ鵽λ£Ȼ⿼Թ򣡡
ǩô鷳
ܹӽ˵ĳ̿ԣڼٵЭ֮£ǩ˷˲ʱ䡣պԺ֮󣬻ݱٴ˵
ȣμ̿ԣôȻǸеٮٮߣЩҾͲ˵ˣŴҲΥ飬һӵʱ䣬Թ۲쿼Լѵ׼ȷλãע⣬ʽʼ֮󣬾ͲΣӵΪ࿼ٷΣͻᱻ
£ʱһ֣ҶѶԼλá
ǩķʽʹôҶλİûʲôиС˸ñȽϽ˾ۼһһûС
ȻҲʵһ֣ݱҲûǿӲİţǿҵˣˣ˾ͱȽϵùˣôĿСӸ÷ǳԶ˵֮䶼ҲͶžĻĿԡ
ʱ䵽һӹ󣬻ݱʾҰ
ɿٷַ⣡
æ֮Уֻ˼ӵʱ䣬еĿõԼĿ⡣
ôࣿ
һĿԾһֽͬһαԺһ⣬ڶ࿼ʱ˲ԤС
ȲҪ⣬˵ԹߣӦߵķʽá
ݱٵض˶ϵ۾򣬴˵
ԵҲˣǳĶࡣ󣬶ԽԽѽ⣬ʱԴ⿪ʼֻжʮӣô̵ʱ䣬һѧ̾۾пȫꡣԣûκһ̿ԴеĿ⡣
ǳô࿼ʲô壿ЩͲסӵĿʵ
壿ȻУݱٴڹһҪ˵ǣĹ򣬺ǰһͻʱǰһΪ׼
˶٣ݱٽ˵ֻҪһ˴еĿ⣬ʲôͬͬʱһ֣
ʲô
һڶ࿼⣬ǳİﾫӢ壬С齨ĳԱۡ
·˽ԽԽ󣬻ݱٺȵ߿ɲСӹҼҾƣʮְֿҵǳвϣе˾Զ˵ţһʳڣһŬţǿԴ漣ġҲͼʶȺŶӺֻ߿ϮеĿǹء֮ǿ߻Ȩǲͬ⣬뿪
ݱٵ˰ӣֵƽϢûһȨŵͷ˵ǶܿˣܺãôڶֻҪһ˵֣ͬͬʱ֡
һ߰һȻҲڽܷΧ֮ڡ
˳һ£ͬ˵ԾǲͬģײͬĿ⣬ѶȷֱΪףеȣѣͬһС˭Ŀ򵥣˭ĿѣͿԵˡ˵ǸõѵĿ⣬һҲ֣ҲǺпܵģҪԼҪ̫⣡
ݱٵĲ˵һڿѣһοѶҲ̫ˡͺñһǲд۸Ķ㳭ֶξͲˣ˵׼ĶԼһɽоҰʹת֮пܺľ˲ûҵԼһĿ
ֶαô
ڶ࿼ſܵ״˼ſе⡣
˵򣺿һµģͬȫ̭ǣһΪͬ˭һµΣԸһҳķд֣һˡֻҪͬдͬıѡߣһΣϸѡˣбѡǰϸ񣬷̭֮
ˮľȤ˵û뵽ݱŪҲһְ


393 鿽
ˮľĻڳľɽҶҲЦ
˵ôʦ𣬿һˣҲ
ˮľ̸һʼΪЩĬ
Ȼִ˵Ҫȥʵ̭ʣǻݱǲ̫ˣЩǵ˵Ҫ̫ͨ٣Ҳÿ
˵ˣ̿ԵһıԣǴҪģ࿼ٿеǿپʱǲǻȷѡͨ׵˵̵ֵ̽ĵ¹ۡ
һ̿ԣɭϲʽʾеľӭѶϵĵߵľڲԿ⵹ǳ©׾ͨ˶һ⣬ǰеĻֻΪ̭һЩʵ̫ߡ
һ̿ԣݱٵĵڶ򣬾ΪĿĴڵģôĿһǻȥһɡ
֮ĿĲͬʵҲʾ˿ʲɲϲ;Ӣʦݱ֮ϵ΢С졣
ݱһԵƭݲͬĿģǾûʲôѶϵĲ죬ݱô˵ʵǹ󵼿ΪûͬĿ⣬󲿷ǲ֪ԼϵĿ⵽Ǽ򵥻ѣҲжϲ𿼾׳̶ȣͬķ޷
һÿĲİ۵ȵƵֶΡͻᴦһϢµУֻƾܲ⣬ôĵ׵Ľǻ޷ŴԱͬѡĿҲ
һƬǿӢ壬ÿΪٲǺܿŶ֮ĺΣȻʾж
ݱҲһ򰡣ˮľЦ˵һһ󵼣ڽڱص˼·ա
ⷴдһѵ֣ôܳʲôǣһΪ
ѡǰݱٻùġˮľҡҡͷ˵ϲ˵ǲĽѶߵ̶ȣɫǵ۹Ȼ͸ˡ
٩Ļڵļ˶̿
ѡǰݺһô󡣵ô࿼£ǰĸʿ϶ܵ͡ûеȫֵöһѵĵزƱػ˱нΪİΣһݱϴӶдС׸֡Ϊʵûĵ˱ųȫȽǿĶѵġдԼ֡
£ֻжԼĵ̣Ųῼǵ
֪֮ûĵųߣöѵȥĲ֤Լ˽ߣܱǸע޷ͨһֱˡʵǣֻҪһԾһҳдĶȫᱻ̭
ҪҪģݱһ֮󣬻᲻ʮ飿
ˮľ˵ͷ׾ݣǮĲɽҶˮľĶ̣ЩЦ˵Ͳѧ̭
ôһضˣҲ̫Сҵѧˡ
ˮľĵ˵
֪ǷûУݱһ軵ˣ⿴ƹʣʵľҶΪ׵̴ĿԽȫ߽ϵʹǱԵҪС̴Ҫǿټ׵ѶȣʵҪԾ͸ӵҪƣϴߵţʹǻٵصһˢļҪ͡
ôһĻȷʵˡʵҲԤУˮľϸ˵ʶø
ԵĳԣΪ̭ߣҲԹÿ̫ѡ
ˮľĶľӦҲֻա˰ؿŻݱԿʼȻǿʼȺħıݡ
˵Щ࿼ǲرܣ׶ôˣҪװûоڱЦ̰
ˮľ˰ǰԼ࿼ʱǰǿɣһҲչһӣ׶ûټ
Ҳˣ̵ܲ۹⿴⣬ȻĻû˺ϸˡ
ʮҲһҪˣ˵ˮľأ쵽ǵģ׼ɰɡ
һֻСţʵ߸Ͳᱻס̭ĶЩ־ߣֻܻȥĥĥǰᣬ⣬·ţҲǳˣ

⣬Գɰ˹һڽһڵ̣ľɵĿϵС˵
ݱһû뵽ô¹費ڣҲ֪־;Ұжܲͨ
ʱ쵽ˣȥˡ


394 ɸѡ
ݱٵĿ⣬һ̿ԻҪѣһЩϵƭһȺ˵̫˵㡣Ĳ㣬ô󲿷ֵĿԾѡ
ҪȫԸϵĿиΪû֣ô޴жԼĵ÷ֻʲô䣬ʱڵľ޴ѹѹһǵķԸ˵÷ĹʵҲڰʾԼĶѣҲǱڵľ֡
£ÿΪд¶ѵҳĽڡ·ȡ˼Ҳᱻ˵һŶ޴Ϻȣһ߷߷߲ƽĽеĴд¡
ڶĿȻֶΣڼõӵֶε̺Ķѱĸϳ֮ʣµҲʼʵžУֻõ࿼ص߶
صտҪѹÿһʱһ𣬶ʮӵˡ
ͣеıʡݱٴ˵ΥߣֱӰῼʸ񣡡
һԣѸͣĶžƣһЩ㿼̱ϡ
ˣǿһˣʼԾ
֮еĿĿϯ̨ǰѳɺôһ
ڿԾ֮ǰΪ˽Լʱ䣬ɸѡݱʵпĿ
ʮӵĻݱ٣ûһվ
֮ûоž޵ţȫͨߵĳ̶ȶѣݱٵĶĿôһⶼûдģ
ֵ˰ӣûκվ
ÿһ˶֮ţ϶Լ֡ȻһǷ٩Ļݱ˵ǵɸѡûԾһҳķдֵģ
һȺվӽһˡ
ร٣ΪܴļһɣڣǿԼĶѣһûվǾͿ£
һ֮վУȥ
ףȻôվţʮĸˣ治ٰ
һڿŻݱԾȷϽʱһŷۺɫСеľ֡
վŵĿ뿪ҡ
ſű򿪣˳ȥĿ˼ۣȻһظ뿪
»ָƽ֮󣬻ݱٲż˵ôڿλȫ̭̿Եһʹ˽ϡ
˵꣬ݱתתȥ
ʲôôܣĽʱĿȵŭǵʲôôвϸǲ
ݱתм˵ߵʵҪͬҪΪʲôҪһμӿԣѵһûͬһԵĵûУʲôʸ̣ȥú룬´ɣ
˵꣬ƺԱݱͷҲ뿪˿ֻʣ±̭ĴȺ

⣬ݱײӭԳɰ˹ľ
ݱ٣̫ˣֻķ֮һҵ˺ϸ񣬵һ̭̫ˡ
˹еԹ˵ţõʮ˵ͨ˿ԣȻͲǼ򵥵ıԹˡ
̭ʸߣݱش̫࣬òˣĻͲðˡ¾Ȼϴ̿Զϸߡ
ľν˵ôаɣֻҪִǱ߲ΪѾͺã
ͬʱ̿ԵĽҲһʱ䷢˸Լϡ
ʮˣʮ˸С飬ϸôͣüͷ
ӽ˺ϸҲ˺ϸ񣬲⣬βǸСӡ˺ϸ񣬳֮⣬̴֮ȫ̭
̴Уң鿼ֻһϸɰ̱Ҳֻ̣ϸ񡣺ϸߵ壬ͨΪŽ̴ȷʵ鴫ǿľҶ壬ֱʮϸ񣬳ʾ̽۵ǿĵ̡
ϵĿԽȻЩ˾ȣҲ¶˵ĳ̶ȡֻǣرעİβڵ鷳׷ͨԣͲô˿ĵˡ

ɭ֮⣬ڶĿۼһ𣬵ȴŵڶ١
ʱˮľû¶棬Ƕһ˵Ľ侲ع۲ſָάֳ
ҲˣǩԸ飬ȻſԽеڶԡǩ۵ԼҪǷʲô⣬ǸŲԣһӵʱ俼ǣʱ䵽ˣûǩԸȡĿΪȨ


395 ǿʳ
ʵ̿ԵһԵʱ򣬸ž߳ҵĿǣܹµԼǺϸˡȻҶϤ໥֮µǿǷֱóˣԣžߵУ󲿷ֶǸоĸ֡
һ̿ԣų̷Ӳѱ̭ǾԲᷢģǿ޷һֵôֺԣµԽĴ󲿷˶Եڶԡ
ܹվɭ̣Ǽ֮̿зսҲԤ֮е顣ǩԸúøԵľ֮һ£׷׽ɭ֡
Ƭ֮غˮľھߡ
ˣأȥβضСģһʲô̷źš
ף
ôȥɣ
漴ؼת۾ʧڴ֮Сˮľý֪һ·λ֮󣬳һ˹ȥ
Ȼһݱˢ˲ˣǣɭУ˴ֵʱˮľҪģǾıסѾԵʧ˳˳ɭ֣Ҫװ׵ĶΪ޵Ŀ
⣬һҪǾǷֹδ֪̿ԡ
ĿǰΪֹһлβǸ֮Сӡ
ʽĿУΪǿƵľҶ壬Ҳе˶ʮֵ˳
ͺñ˵ؽڶֵŨ졢ҰˣԼжͨһԣǷӦ̫ٶֱӣڱԵʱڽ⣬ûüд¶ѵ֣ȻϡͿľͽɭ֡
ȵ浶ǹĿʼƴʱʵĲ͹Գˡǰɰ̣˻ûʲô취ĶĴʵ̫ˣҽߡǿټӸ֪֪򲻹ӲƣԼҲ˸顣ڣվŵŨͻȻֵɰ̹˾һڸҵʹʱ˹ȥ
־־ۣΧû˰ɣΪɰټҽŮˣˮԵҽɳμ̿Ѿѵˡÿһҽߣɰ̶ǱҪǿԵصľҶɰ̸ͲὫɳðա
ģΧʱûˡ˾Ǳôǵ֮𣿡
˾׽ŨϵľһۣˣһξһӲ˼ҪĶ
ӳŮҽ˵Ȼ־־ۣſ֪ܿǿУֱ
ʵ㶥ǣûɭУܹ̫ͨˡ
ɳκɳҹûҵһŸӰȫɡ
ˣƻϲϱ仯ʱ䵽ײʵ̫ΣˣǱȳŴ󲿷˻ûзӦʱϿ뿪ɳεʵǿӦò⡣
ðɣߵĻĸ֣Ҫ˵֮ᣬ֮ᶼס
ͬģвǿеԴڡС뵾롣ΪľҶߵĽܽǰ÷飬ûʲô֮ͱڵء
ţ㿴ǼȻԵһҪҪѣ
ЦˣǾģ
ףֻǽѣȻһʲôģܽתͷ˵ҪǰѾỹǣԣǵľҲ͸ǰɣ϶ͿԺˣ
ף𣿡ľҶŮߵ뾪ϲ˵ҪǰᶼǵĻҲ޷ġ
̫ˡܽ˵žҪѾݹȥȴԱߵֹ
ܽҪˣ˴峤𣬻ȥĻҪ峤ˡ
ҲǰܽЩţЩΪѵ˵ʵڱǸȻǷĭҪҲòʱԺѵŶǸı⣬һҪҡ
û˵꣬ͱţֱɭмĸ

ȻеľҶ߶ˡͺñǲݿһĽ̴ڵأΪ׶ǧǰֽһһ
̵̡ޡͲ֣ٶǰδУͱڵءٶȺϵѹʹöӰӶûͰˡ
̴һҲμӹ̿Ե̡ʡλˣһŹʼʩֻһ˵ĳǿͲǰһڵĵڰ˰̣ټŮ־˲ķӡʵֱӱ磬ȻԲҰճ
ϧǣǿֵĵʮûܸһ־Ͼ¹Ŀȱ̳ʮɡӵϰ
İĦ³ͰҲ̵ĺϻ˳ͻɭֵڶء


396 ޼ɵ
ɭеһڿѱµʱˮľȴҪ
ȻˮľһֲãǲȴȫԼǸ֣ҲɭֵĽɸ˵˽
Ȼ˵ɭûʲôԼǣҲܽ˵ܵĴܲҪܹı䣬ˮľжϵĻ˵൱鷳һε壬ˮľͲ˴һβҪŲأҪֹɭĿ֡
ȻǸʵϰˮľжϣֻҪβܽǲİȫ͹ˣ˻ܳΪŲصĿꡣ
ٵĿǰΪֹûзʲôڽһӻԵ߲ü׵ķ֮˼׵ıָȻԱǰˮľѸٵһĿصƶ
ڴʱˮľͻȻһ㶣һˮľһߡ
ʲô£ôֱӸ
Ųˣ
ʱ򣿡ˮľһôֵģ
鶼ˣǴĵ⽻磬Ųȥ֮ǰۿ̿Ե
ţ˵
Ųغʹ֮ϵҪȸֽܵöࡣڲܹõֲ֧ҪϻӰ֮ΪⲿɻȱһԻӰ֮λĴв岻ֵĴҲŲطǳأ
ƫƫʱ򣡡ˮľ֮ʵŲشŵĻ𣿡
˱׼սСá
ôࣿöԸ
ŲصĻһˡ£ܹ̽ɱŲصĸֻ޼
ô죿Ҫ𣿡
ʧʧĵˮľҲŲ߳ľҶĻᲢǺܶ࣬һλ֪ʲôʱ
ֵʱҲ̸ܹ¶𣿡
Ҫ־Ųذ󣬲ȫԸ϶ǲеġˮľûԴ󵽿ԲģʽܹսʤŲؼֵĵز
յˣôֻҪ֣ˮľǵһɵĶ
ôǳֶԸŲأΪ˸һЩѵôҪɱ޶֤ܵĻֺ֪ηвڳ֤ݡ
ô˭ţ
ˣͲҪţֻҪֲֳξˣҪľˡ
ˮľ˵ûοԸɡ֪ңҲû̫Σգ޶ԣַҲûʲô˵ġ˵ŲΪǸİɱ
ܺãȻ¶ģô˶ĿķҲ¶¶ˢһ´ڸСŹƽ

һ˵̿ԵڶŻȻ죬ǽȿĻ͹ˡ̫࣬ƾҪˡٶһ飬ȻǺ۵顣ʮؾͱ̧ɭֵʱ򣬵İ˹¹Ҳɵ̾һ̿ʵ̫ˣʮ¹˳Ů־ʵˣ̭һҲ⡣
̿Իڻȵؽеͬʱ׼ȫˮľؾ־Ųصıؾ֮·塣
˴죬·;ľͷ߹һˣŲغ
ˡˮľе˷ܵ˵ȷˡ
ڴľҶټ϶ʵţܸûʱϮܹɵģֻӰǲߣ
׼ɣһΣһѴġ
˫䱸У־Ųػ߽塣
Ȼ䣬ܲĲӿ𣬾ɫʼ任Ѹٵ˷Բ׵Ŀռ䣬Ϊ׼磬ˮľǻ˲ٵĹ
ͻȻıʣҲûս־Ųؾʧ롣ɫսĹȣߵġѸٽ令ġ
ʲôˣ
شǵĻĻ
ݡɻ֮
̫󣬵ǱϷܹͬʱʹãɵȫһͨCᲢ۵ġ
Ȼеӱܿռ䣬ˮľҲûָ˼򵥵ľܻŲء
ˮݡˮڣ
Σͷ־Ųص¼䲻ݷʹˮŲڵΧʵʵڱƵˮǰƺƴĻݲûз̫á
η󱲣ͷ¶βȻҳ֣Ͳľô
̸֮̽ˮľЦһȻٴοٽӡ
ݡȴ
޴Ļһǽһ
ɢ˴Ѱ߸޴ӵֵ˵ˮݶϻƣҲи޶ȣ̫ĻҲνƲˡ


397 
ܹΪ־ŲصĻÿһӹˣAҲûܹôҵĻıըҲֻǴһ΢Ĳˣ˵˺
ЧѣˮľҲûôʧŲҪǽݾܽ˵ĻҲͲֵˮľˡ
ֻǱϾʧȻҪ˵ռƣܹҵˮľλþͲˡ
һᣬŻ翪ʼźڵ׺ƵۣŹߵӰˡ
ǡ֯ˣŲؿΧıʣе㾪ȵ˵ԣô׾ӵݺ׼ȷҼʱӦľҶˡ˵ɣǲǸģ
ˣ￴ֻıơܻ᲻ԾûɵĿӱˡˮľģԭЩ˵ô࣬Ųأҽֻǿ㲻˳ۣ㻹˱ȽϺã˭ЩôˣҲ÷Ѿ˼ȥˣ
˵꣬ӰӰʵ｣ĽĻյŲϮ
ԲˬУΪʵ̫ˣΨһȱݾǣ类Ͳ˵Ļķѵʱ̫ࡣ
־ŲΪҪְľҶϣʱĺϵƱػɣԮʱܵģʱ򣬹·˻߱ȻᾯϢɢ
ֻǴ˿̣Ųغòڻп
ŲشˣϽ˰ɣϺ󡭡
á־Ųؽ˱ӡ֣Ȼ⿪ס۵ıն˵û뵽ȻеҷҵȨĴڣ˾ԲȫԸɱ򻹲֪ʲô˻ԡ
¶д۵Ųأɴ۾ܿ˿
ôŲ˫ֽӡݡ񣡡
˲䣬ŲؿӵɨΧĿռ䣬Ӱ˲䱻һƬֹˣԭһĽ䣬ͻȻ͸ղŵķһģһװߡ
дۣľǲһǿˡ
ˮľЦ˵
ô㿪ʼɡ
˿ұ۵дۣˮľе֣
ֻаֻдֻۣȥˣҲа᪵ӣѵ˵
ˮľһ˼ˣ϶Ǵҩʦˡ迴ƺ󿴵ֲĶֻҲǲôôҩʦô뵽κҩʦĽϾͿжϳô
־Ųصķݲϵɨ䣬ˮľҲ֪ôȥˡ
岻ĳǰʼʹǿˡ
׶ݡ֮
ʯǿ׵ĻѸٵĽŲغΧС
ʲôôܻ
ŲضʱоЩ²ǰȻӲ˵֣ͬڿܲˡ
֮Ȼ׶ݣҲݵĸãЧǷӡ߽硣
һֱֻľҶ֮ǲѧ鷳׶ġ
֪ԵŲѸҧ˫ʳָȻʹͨת˲֮䣬һޱӴ֮ķ
ˮļ̌ͷһμĳӴͷȻȸ̫ҪһȦ
˵˲֪жˣҲʮβҪˡˮľԼͨ޾̫ܲȣֱǴ
ιˣǸϼһ￴Ҫƴˣˣ
ðɣʶʶ
ˮľվ˫ֱϣβ޲עڣ֪ųʼȻ
ǣã־ŲزģʽֶΣûоȻ޷УǶȻĸ֪Ҳһ֪Ϣı䶯ûӹ۾
ģʽҲ𣿲ԣˮľ
ϵķԼͷһ˷ִ磬ԭΪԼ̨û뵽ԼҲгΪһ졣
Ǽˣⲻֵܹսˡ
Ųصϣǲɢ£ƾԼʵӲƴܶ⡣а᪵ŲأûԼ顣
ǣ
߿ûʲôϲߣԼ˵ظ뷨Ҫġ
ֻǣû߶ԶʹһӴĲ
ɷ޻ת֮
ݵƽԭʵĵ濪ʼѵʯ̰εضȻ׼־Ųػ¡
ٶȿ쵽ŵʯ̣ŲؾȵУɴ⬡


398 
ˮľУһ־Ųأת۾ͱҴ̻ٶȿ쵽û˿Ӧ
ȻˮľҲûô׾ɱȻһ㱼䣬㱻˺Ƭ־ŲʧһһģһӰڲԶĵطȻѸˮľ
սȻܱȲ㼸ʮľ飬ǣһȺŹ
ʵ޻ת֮ϵ־Ųأƣڱ޷ˮľı塣
㻹ֶܼãˮľƴһϼһˣΪˮľǰǸöԸ̣
׼ʱˮľ壬ĸ٣һ̴̣־Ųصؿڡ
ٶȺԶˣŲأ
ֻҪ¶ˮľģʽĳ߻ǰ޷ܱɱһ
̴־Ųصžȵ۾ʧȻˮľ˷־Ųû˿ԥʹǿ
ݡղ
֮ͬʱŲصͨҲһţһķݿʼŰ־Ųصγ޴ķвϵиΧһУķݲҲյ
ܹǲܺп鷳
ˮľ廹ãȻγɵĻ֣ŲЧǷԲܣͲôЧˡ²ϵò޲Ҳʱпñˡ
赲
˵꣬޴ɫܣȫУ㣬֧Ų˶á
ͷҲû˷ʱ䣬ֱ֮ƣԭ巢һٺͷںϣγ޴ĻȫĴ̽˶ӡ
ֳɵĽֶΣǲһ˾ͿԶԸôˣ찡
Ȼˮľϣлһͣ漴һʹİţӿڱ֮ȵĻ棬˵ֲסʧǰ
ʧ־ŲصĹҲ󽵵͡
ƺռأ
ֻʣ־ŲһˣˮľԷĵΧŹˡ
ΪѾӮ𣿡
ҲķŲصĲֻˮľûȶָֻ뷨޻ת֮ĹٴνŲվ
ľݡɭ֮ΣͷŲҲ˲ˣסҪġ
аʹľݣ
ˮľЦһ൱ķѲͬʱʹãֺԼʮƥŲ˵ֹʡ
ľȻ赲޻ת֮ɱУǣŲҲܣĲԽԽأұۣѾΪ̵ĵزˡ
ұ۵ŲüͷѸ¶֮תܡ
ô֧Ųסˣˮľ΢΢ȵһŸ첲ŲͷҲص뿪ƺЩüĿˡ
ǲдǿľͳϸγɵƽ⣬άŲزɵĻ
Ųƽʱұ۷ӡΪ˶ĿҪΪ˽ĶѲΪֶ֮Ρ
ÿһν⿪ӡŲ˵һߵΣʱڡ˵ԭƽ⻹ĻҩʦöдۣŲصʧɲʧȥαĻᣬӵͻһˮľͻϮʧȥöдۡ
ǣʱڲľ޴ģұ߸첲ѾڱıԵˡ
ƺǿŲأʧȥ˱սѾزôܿƵȻֻΪ䲻УֶܵΣΪĻ
ģʽµˮľƴٶȣƺҪһЩαֶΣ֪֧ܲŵԮŲصѾԶľҶҲûжԶˮľʱҲǺܶˡ
ϧ׼һˮľͻȻоӰٵĽӽķӦҲԼев
ʱˣ
ˮľɫһƺгϵĽ߰
Ƭ֮Ӱˮľǰһĺڵ׺ֻۣһΣƺ
ôĶǰһû뵽Ȼˡ֯ͬ顯Ǿȣ
Ŵ޼ĸ޿˵ӣӦαװɰɰɣϧͺԶ
˿һͬװˮľǲ˵ｻ㣬ȥǰ濴
˵һƹˮľȥ׷ǰȥˡˮľҲûйˣһȸղŵ־ŲѶԸ֮£޷Ǹõֶ
ܾúļ㣡ȤĴˮľ
׽Ȼ˵ɡ
һαú޻֮һοɲô׾Ͱˣ


399 ŵ
ˮľŷСӾѻ־ŲصʱľҶķҲж
й־ŲصĲҥԣڴ濪ʼˡŲصĲϢѾڲٵطʼֻŲЩ꼫ǰû̫֪ȻҲж˶һߵ鱨ȤҲֻ߲֪֮̽̽Ŀ¡
ľҶ壬ҥԵĴףҲֻһЩľҶ߲̫õ֣ſ䴫ͨƽ񣬿鱨ûɢ̫ԶҪץˡ
̿ԶľҶ˹ʵ̫ӣЩ˸޷Գֶβ̽ͱľҶ֮
ǰ쿪ʼһ˲ҥԿʼڴʲô־Ųعʵ飻Ϊ˻Ӱ֮λ鱨裬սûԸϻӰ֮ͼȥ˵֧֮ԼϻӰ֮λǰۿ̿Զǽڣ֮־ŲؾͻᷢƷ֣ԼϻӰ
ټٵҥ˵бۣĹУһЩˮľ׫ݣҲߡδĹ±ˮľҪɫ
̿ڽеĹؼʱ̣ľҶֳţΪӰĸҲ൱ջ
ȼֵˮľĶԹ̬ķչ

޳ϵĴ޼԰ˮľ˹׵һ赲ǰĲܾ޼Ļӻбơ
ʱ仯Ĳգ޼ǲ
ԣڳ־սеʵ̫޴ˣձ˵ĲΪãǿֻǸͲˡ
һͳ˿ˮľˣ޼󿪴ϵĹʽ㣬ԼѰסӲӲеԿ
ݡ֮
ͨĻݼһںȻڹΧ֮ڡ
ԻݵĹ޽޼һ壬˫ֽӡ
ˮݡˮ岨
ˮӸ޿³ûˮľĻݣԴԴϵˮѸٵĻۣµĵһƬĴ
ıκͻôʲôʹͲÿǲ˰ɣβ֮β޵ĳν𣿡
ˮݶԻܵĿ൱ҪôĻݻܸ̫ˡʹ۶ݵβ϶¡ˮľûݻܸ޵ĿҲС
ӦþǾ󲿷ֻݺ۶ߵĿ˰ɣ
뵽⣬ˮľٴʹ޻ת֮һʯ̳ˮ棬˷Ÿ޴ȥ
޻ת֮ĹٶǺܿ죬ǸҲʹżиϣ޼ҲԵʹãḻľøĶˮľĹշתŲ֮䲻ϵĽӽˮľ
ôӦôŶԣ
Ȼ־Ųصʱǿڸʤһĸǰȴƿɳ¡
ǿûúã
ܹɱǲƾˮľĵϰʵûзӳȫáֻȷʵҲ̫ʺ޻ת֮ķӡҪƵܶĻһ㡣
ȻˣǾͻһֶΰɣ
Ȼ޻ת֮ˮݿƣԼȷʵ̫óӡͽڴΧˮݹǰûʲôãڻʱǱ¶ʱƣǺķѵʱ̫ˣԶһʱ᷵صǲ
û𣿡ˮľſ˿ɫ졢΢硢ǡ磡
һʹãֻϣԤһ˳
ˮľͣͶ޹޻ת֮ʼſԼĸ֪
ѹһɵĸȥһҴ̣ˮϴһ
ţã
ˮľ˲䱬Ĳøβ޶ЩȣѾȫͨˡ
ƣͻָٴλ޼ǰͼֹˮľĴС
ͬʱˮľҲ첽ǰ޵ǰ
׶ݡߣ
׶Ȼһ㣬ǿˮ壬ķΧҲߡټ浯ĻĸţʹøһʱҲǰ

Ǳ־Ųؿǲն˵ȻˣǵԼȻЧֻҪǲΣľҶһᱣ֤İȫ
ҷŵһߣڻִԼôƺ״ôãľҶ߶ڹ컯֮½ɱ㣡
еӡĲǲܼסġǸӦþй֮ԵˮľȻҲûܶ˵дۡ
ʱԶƣ־ŲغǲòĿ
֮ǲ˵ϣŵԣ
ˮľ͸սĵط˹ȥ


400 
ôãˮľôε̽Ѿˡǿʱ಻ĹõֶΣ׶Ľʹãƣڱĸ޼ʹĻᶼûС
һᣬ׼׵ˮľ׼Ϣ˼µĲĴˮľ֮ͣӦģڵȻҲǰδеĶ࣬ɵԼ屻űˡ
ţˮľ˫ֿʼ۳һȵĻ򣬻ʱ仯ˮľӵ£Ŀɫ⣬Զܸоע룬ɫĻȾһ㵭Ľơ
ˣ˰ɣ
ѾҪˣҲӦˡ
ѾҲ޼ǰɫصĵˮľĹ
һγԣе㲻̫ҪǽУɲҪԹң
˵ţ˫ֽ߾٣ˮľĿ֮£ѳС򣬿˷䡣ЩСû׼ޣܲĿпռ䣬ǣˮϣЩµĻҲû˿ϨļȻƯˮȼա
ԵĸޣĿˮľҧ˫ʳָٴνӡȻ˫鰴ˮϡ
ɷݡǧ
һĪĲɢѸٵеСڸ޾ȵĿУһѸٵͣıһɢŸ»ι˫鸡ֱ޳ڵۿҫŽɫĻ磬ѿŻ⡣
ѵǻԣָо
ʮֽŵĿĻ׷վŵ޳ֱ״ǰ֫ʼӴںϣֻ£¶ԽԽߣҲʼͣգ鲼ҰĻռһľ
Ҳģ
޲ĸ²κ˺ù
òģúôɣ
޳޼ЩǣʵĻ汻֮ҲֻǱһӴҷɢĻ˵͹вεĸ޼ˮԸ
ˮݡˮ岨
ˮٴδӸ޿³ŵǵĻӹȥ
ֻǿϧһΣĻûôױˡˮûбӽԵͱѸٵҵͲıըˮ岨ѹƵýڽںˡγһһĲϧصĻôƯˮϣ沨ĳûյ̫Ӱ졣
ʵĳԽͨˮݣû취
ΪѵĿЦ
ˮ֮
һŨˮʱ¡ûһᣬˮˮͿ£һɹˮγɵݿʼڸ߳֡
ȥУٵһᣬҾҪһˡ
εĸֻý³ûµĺ֮УֻҲʱ֮ƣһ̲ͣ˿ˮҲտʱıһˡ
û뵽־أֻܼϣ֧Ԯˡ
ͱľУ޻УʹǺܺʣҲҪŶĺС

ˮľԻµĿԣҲȸǿ˶١ȻΪߣϰ˻ĸ£һĻԶԶˮľܵµҲСıҪԼǿһ㣬ҲޣʵǣˮľǿģʽӲķѾ׷ʹ÷֮Զ룬սֵıŻֻ±Ļ˷ˡ
ʱƣˮҲʼðˮһĸ£ټȣЮһˮѸٵ֮ѸٵγһƬڵҵĿļһʱױѾüˡ
֪ûУ־Ųأû뵽һޣٲƵĻɾûˡ
ˮľ͸һɣãһˮڱƴ˭סʱ
һɫþƾճ֣ԼٶȴˮľַΧȻһѽ޴ˮѸٵĽ䱣֮С
ܺǲˡ
ˮľеź޽ˡ۶ݵĻҲǲеɵĻݸ£ﲻܽܺĳ̶ȡ
ϧˡ
ֻǣôǴȥܾе㲻˳İ
̧ͷ˿ͷ׵翪ʼۣٱһ˼ӿͷ
ĻһҲ̫˷ˣըӦǱɡ


401 Ķ
һжˮľûԴزսģʽԽԽҲͲסϵľ뵡ȫһǻ֮󣬲̫Ҳе֧Ųסˡ
ܺǿĸˮľɱ𲻵̫ãӲܺˣٴμģʽߵĻ˵ܹУҲûʲô壬ҲûʲôãҲɱǡңȻγɵĻȻܹЧصֵµϮҲȽϴʵڲǾ֮ء
ˮľҪʹսǲȴԶֵʵܺȻǿҲûܹȫ͸ȸԼ൱ܣ֪εĿֲˡ
þ̤ȽĲˮľķǰһҪ֧ļơֻˮľҲӣƴģʽκˡ
ŻþȭˮľˮľҲʾĲȻӭȥ޴ĳײУܺȭͷһߣȻľҲɢ
ܲܽһ£һŪôңǲ
ɫݵĸˮôã嶼յͨ죬¶ƤϲʱõˮݣԼ쳣ܡ۵ԽԽ࣬¶ҲԽԽˣûκηͳȥֻ·һģԼռȻеˮγɵĺѾ챻֮һˣʧٶҲԽԽ졣
ǲҡҡͷ˵̺ȻĻöԸҲóӦ״ߡ
˵ҲǣҲǻߵĿǣû뵽һʱ⣬öֵóѣ뷴ˡ
ź˵ܺҲ֧Ų˶ðɣǶֲõķأӲƴϲߣȳô
û£Ҳ첻ˣ֧ŵøá
ͻȻܺٴȭ£ˮľȻԲܻƣȻˮľ壬̵ˮס
𣿡
ûУģʽûô׶Ը
ǿ볬ǿĻָֻҪģʽû˵Ҫ£κβ
˵ţִʯͻȻˮ棬ŽܺذסͻļҲش̴˾޴þ˵ظж
ʱˣ
޻ת֮ʲôʱǲСģֻҪһĹͻ
ɴд۵ǲϸѰˮľټθˮ̫Ũɫڱߣʮ׷ΧͲܿˡ
ֻ֪зǲҲԥܺٴΰθߣɫ˳ùǼܲƣһ˫ֳֽ׳ʿ
ܺ޽裬ɵľնԼжʯ˫ȶʱΧƵˮһա
֮󣬸޺ǲٴѰˮľӰȻûκη֡
ˮ𣿡
ԡǲͻȻ̧ͷϣ
ֻҫˮľ˫ָ߾٣ȻԲûĻƲ㡣
̫ˣԲʱ仯ɶ̫ͣ¿ƻⰡ
ˮľĿǰԵǲҪϲ٣ôȻĸʱֻǣϲòˣˮľ£Ʋ׵ۼһޣ׼·ܺۿҪкʱö޴Ĺ״ܺͶѸٵؽӽˮľ
֮񣿡
鷳Զˮľòջһ˿ٴ֣Ű֮һȻ˲ͱ飬Ǹı˷öҲˮľ
ȻûбУܴ˸ţάֵĶ׵ĿҲ֧Ųסˡ
Ҫ⣬ǲУ
ԭ뿪֮ǰһǺݵģǳԳԿͷǸ߹Լˡ
ͷһ۱ܺŵǲ͸ޣˮľðգڶԷȵĿУ˲ʧ
ʱռ޾ȵŴͣѹָð䰢ɣ֪˵Ļϴ
ڲ˵ʱ򣡡ǲ̧ͷ˿ͷ˵׵ޣ˿һ֮ǲУ
ܺһֲۣγһɫĶ״
뾵ΪΣͷǲ
Ƭ֮󣬻۵µ׵к£ȻûˮľĿƣǴµķΧȻ׼ܺķλصĴͷɾͳ˴Ȼչʾܵõİӡ
޴׹ްſֲ죬˺ɫľˡ


402 ݾ
뾵Ϊ˵ǿķ棬Ȼ鴫޴׵಻ĺڰ뾵ϣûнơ
ϧȻסǲͲܵ˺˵渽ŵǸµĻô׵޿ײ
뾵ס׵粢ûȫʧʣµĴ󲿷Ĵɢ׷䵽ûɾĺϣ޴һˮĴҴȻҲкܶӵܺϣ뾵ųǾԷҲȫǡ׵͸˫صϮȫܺҲܺˡ
ŨŨˮĺ棬Ļڻֱɢƻǿ׵ֿʼŰ֮ûκȻܹȥֻһɫľ֧š
㲻Ҫɣ
޵ǵĿɫЩ԰׵ǲ۽ڵѪҺ
û£߰ɣ֪иѾûκ˴ˣˡ
ҲãҸطϢһ°ɣҲЩˡʵ˵һƤˣԼͲȫֵһᣬϵĽȸʮֵˡ
αһҪ־ͺˡ˶ֲֿļһôϴҲûôǿ
ǲܺ߳ݡǧַΧ
ϴľҶҲͶܶ޷ʹãǿģʽԲô򵥣
ţ޵ͷͬǲ˵ˣӦȳ֣򲻻ôң
弶ռŵֻͣҪоͺѷˡ
ˣϴľҶľؿһǸ߰ɣû뵽ôǿˣ̽Ĺ޻̸֮
ЫǸƢõļһﶼɵˣȻǷ֮´Ҫһ㣡

Ϊ̿ڼάΰӼİȫⶼľηΧ֮ڣ˵ˮľ־ŲصսСĻԶһžþòɢȥƾʮֵĲˡһһĲ˭Ҳ޷ֶľҶ岻ԶĵطôǿսҿƺǴеĳ־ŲصڵأͲܲˡ
ӦСӸϸµص㣬һ·ߵġǱرסˡ
˵ʲôˮľɱŲسϣôܣľ˵ǲǸˣҲ֮ǰˮľڴ̿Ե飬¡
ˮľԼķ
϶ԷĻҡҡͷ˵ͱĲһǷֵóģһ㲻ңûеõȷе鱨֮ǰǲȥɱһλѫ̡
û˿ϮߵģûгŲغ֤֮͡ˣô˵ƾѷڣǣǿɾͻԼˣÿһ߻Σ
ǰǸˮľǿ߳
һᣬԮСӾ·Ϣ־ŲأֱѾ±ӡ۵дҲֻǻµģ޲ʾ˴ӡ
Ųشˣ
߼æȥ״û̫ܵ˺֮ʱҲˡ
־ŲģľҲɵüͷܹ־ŲرƵӵģͲʲôˣȻǶжã˼ǵж
ˮľ͡ߵìѾãҲţҪ˵ˮľֱľҲòǲܣֻǡ
Ųشˣ֪ʲôˣԶĶƺǿڽս
Ǹ޺ǲ
ŲسؿԶĶ˵һߺսӦˮľֻǣҲе㲻ҿ϶ˣ
û֪ˮľôǿô;ԲȡǰַǳжݾߣܹƵߣԲһСֶξܶԸ˵ġ
Ҫǰ𣿡
¹ʾľһָʾˮѾӵôԶĵطĽӽĻڳ˸֧Ųס
ľԥʱܺĸߴӰУֳ־޽ĺɫʿϴϮľҶʱ򣬲˶ǲ
ˮӦǸ޵Ľټǲôսģˮľóһ㵹е񣡡
ȫԸ˼ɵģʽжǿһ̣ȫµʶ
ڴҵͣŰȫܺʱ׹ƶ£·ܺҲʾ׵Ľĳ棬ٴˢ˶ܹﵽ޵Ĳ롣


403 ɱ
֮սನȥˮľǲи޵뿪û֧ʼɢ޴ĺʼˣȻΪԵ֧ŵøãջǵֲʱţϨɢ
ȵľľҶ߲ӵִ·صʱֻһԲǧףʮ׵ľ޿ӣʯɰڻɽᾧ״ϸľƬûȫȴŲ죬վþˣܸо´һ
ӣҺľ˼һᣬָ˴ּľһ̿ҲһƵֻǸʱԶûΣա
˶֮ľµ˵սֱܹĵ
˵⣬˺ˮľĵʱ򣬴һЩڡ̸ּۣǸʱԼҲֻǵţƤѣû뵽ļִΪ˻һж
ô
ǵ뵽Ǹദû㲻ˣҲ֪ĿǱصѱƽʱ̸ֹҲ͸¶ŶνĲмһˡ
пҲȺ޹ĻҪá
ֹһˮľ˵ƵĻǣ˵ֻˣľѭ浸صļһôΪȥصߣ˼Ȼ飡
һᣬ̽׷׻ûзʲôмֵĶƻԵǰܹĶʵ̫ˡ

ڣˮľս˱ĺܴ󣬸ҲֻǱ־ŲصķݻУЩƤˣûʲôҪġҲûʲô󰭣ǲ̫ʱҪ̫ҵս
оô
ŸɵŲصЩźҪӦǿôܹдۺͳϸָƽ⡣
εðյúûɱҪź˵צǳصҰҲһҪѷ¶Ȼᱻġ
һΣӦòٰҵȡȴһֵ˰ɣ
԰Σֻ̣ܵľ˷ïвĿԱãǲֹˮǲмʹ֮ìܿƭһСˮľûʲô̫Ĺ˼ˡ
ǲǰ϶ҪˣˮľΣӻԶء
ӦԵԤѾݹöˣΣղǺܴ󣬸ֵ̬ȲҪģҪŻƤ
ˮľڰֵЩҷŵһߡڹؼ⣬ݡǧкܴȱҪơ̫࣬ƲҲζŲֱӵ˺ֻͨݻ߸ǣġ
еĶķӡܾ߻Ȼ̺Ȼչ࣬ȻҲзգбֵĿܡռҲԴ롣޷һ˲ǲ
ССɱСΧ˺ǻṩһķЧǱ̫ˣߵս˲Ϣģ̵ױԡ
ٻζƽʱ䣬ǧȻǿ󣬵ǻû޽ĵز
뵽취ôѪ޽ֲô
Ѫ޽磿ˮľһ㶣ǰûⷽ⣬ΪʵòϣֻԼ©Ҫ
ѡľݻ۶ݣ
͵ҲˣΪʲôԼƣɰ׾ϸĳϸʹǼ̳һЩ׾ԣΪľϳһ£ǲѡһξͲӦѡ׶ݣӦˮݡ
ˮľڰ˵˵ʲôãֻǣľƺô򵥵飬Ϊѡϰһ£ǲʹľݵġߵһ뻻ľݣ̫ϷˣǾñȽ׿Ƶ۶ݰɣ
Բʱ仯ˮľģֻҪ۶ݣеѡ
ҵβϣŪһβԼŪѪ޽̫鷳ȸһֳɵ۶ʲôӣ

ɭ֣ոպͼľҶԼɭķ֮ˮľһڵ״һƬжӦòȡж
̿ԵڶѾӽβôҪиˣ
ܹаСͬʱõؾᵽĿĵأϴ̿ԻҪࡣ޵ǵһӲѵɰ̣Сȫϸ񣻵һͨߵ˴۾ȫûẒ̌ҪСӸΪսʱսѵǾ¶ıʣģսóݵ̴ֵʱ


404 ʸڷ
̿Խеʱ򣬽ѾˡľҶΪǿƣͨɭֵĵڶԡɳʮɡӡŮɵС˳İĦͿ³СӺϸټͨԵ飬ܹʮĸˣиΪʸŬ
յĽʱõɫ൱ѿһֱľҶĺͳҲɫ޹⡣ǰ̳һɰ̴¶֮ɫ̨ɫ糣̸ɴûиĸ߼ڴˣֻڵʱĿˮӰڤŻԵ
еĿʽλ֮󣬶ʮͻῪʼһһľʤֱӽ
ʱ򣬸ΪӰְ֮һʱһЩ飬ԼһЩ벼á
ˮľվڶԿǰλãһοڴ֮ͥ·ΪƽʱϲŮӰ̴֮ӰĴ멣϶ңʵҲģˮľעȫĿˡ
̿ڣǿ⣬ֻҪǡԶԸǿߣ϶ɹءĿУ󲿷ֶûܵʲôӰսƣôҲζţθܻǳļҡ
ʵûõóֵֶΣŶսԣ˵ʱͻܳԿɰ෴ƽʵѣи㣬سǿֻҪƾͻǳһ㱻Ծͻúܲҡ
ҲͳʮŷͬһʵˣһҽƸӸ֪ߣһˮߣ̨̫ԿΪǡ
ôһľҶᵮֹһ̰
ˮľЩпκǲἫ󣬳׵Լĳʮܼ֮Ů־ˡǴҰӣҲвСĻᣬ˾Ҫˣɽз磬ˮľụ̂νŲҪǵ⡣
٩٩̸ĸ֣һеĿ֮󣬸ļ࿼ټв֪ǳ򵥵˵Լǩ֮󣬵һ֡ɰ̿ʦɳҹľҶȮڣĵһսҪʼˡʱһͻȻ֣ڸ߶˼֮󣬸ְڰȥȻˮľ˵
㣡ⶢţʲô¼ʱ֪ͨң

븽ԶһУֶмɳϣˮľվб治Զűߣˮľ͸֣ľɽҶԼɫƽ¹á
ˮľ˿˵ɫƺе㲻̫á
û󣿲̫񰡣
˿ľӣƺʲôҪʣֻǾڲǺʱ
ˮľֿ˵ŲسϽľҶԶĵطϮС֯ǲ͸ޣһδ֪Ĵߵߣпܾ鱨аɵߣʲô˵𣿡
ûУˮľɴش
รֿˮľʵ˵Ǹɣʵαװģ
̰޳ܵıΪ̿ææ⣬ôȥĵ飿
ģУŲسϮºô
ô᣿һС˵ﻰˮľæϵ˵ҵǱľҶΣشôܶϵҪ£ȥһЩûʲôô飿
ûôô˵ΪΪ˵п£
ˮľᣬ߼Էˣô˺ӵأ
ˮľĺԥķ⣬ټȱ֤ݣȷʵҲ޷ˮľʹ
һԹ۵¹ͻȻʵˮľո˵Ļ˼ȲŲش˺ҲڲԼǲҪϮŲشˣǿ㲻˺ӣƺʲô鰡
ûʲô֣Ҳ̸۸Ųκε飡
¾Ųشˣ
ȻˮľͷʹܻģսˣľҶӻǰȻһߵǺô
˵˵ʱ򣬷űƿɫĹվſڣΪû֤ݾͿΪΪôеǰ취࣡
λ߽ĻӰʣˮľҲûֱӷʮֿõһߣϰ׵ĴͳҪֵģֻ˵ĻͲôˡ
λ˵һûʲôǾԵģʱɽмĶҲʲôʱЧġ
ǲС
ˮľЦЦȻ˵λˣʵʵ˵Խܣֻǣܲλǰ˵ٻɣ


405 ˺
ǫ˵ŰĻλ϶Щ
޶ϮͬߣǴӸ߲ѴΪӦͷ
תСȶˮľΪжϡ
Ѵ壿ˮľ۾ͫһתСʵȲ˵ûϮŲأ˵־ŲָʹεϮңǲҲеΪҼǵжĿת֮͵ûзһɲĿŵ뿪ӣӦΪɣΪӦý䶨λ̷ͨ߽͵ظɱ
һɺԣŲǴʹ뿪ӣôܹ˷̰ľҶ߲㣿
תСȵ
ˮľЦЦû˵תͷԸ˵ִ֪Ƿ´˽ŲسϽ˵Ųس
ֳɵһ£Ȼҡҡͷ˵ûУ
ˮľٴοתСʵ˰ɣܾвͬߣ¶֮ͷ˽壬ⲻʲô
תСؿ˸һۣȻ˵ŲسָΪʵǱ˵ģȻûȷҲĬж
Ĭ𣿻ƮƮ˵ǰ
ˮľЦ˵
һˮҲˮľ٬ʮֲ˵Ųضս׿Ϊ˴󹦣ΪӰĵӣӲᱳľҶ
ѫ׿ĻӰӲѴôˮľĵ˵˵ѫľҶһǹѫ׿Ҳûκи֮ҲһΡӰӲᱳѣǲ˴裿
Ļ˴ҶӶ˰ֲ̣Ծüͷ
԰εĴ裬Ȼ֣ͬʵزġ
ˮľڰ֣£Ųؾû
ǲЩеҥԣʲôʵ顢衢ıңôܷ
ôˮľЩװͿļһȦˣŲرӡֱۺҰ壬ҲǾûкҪҪҿЩҥǲУ
ûаۺдۣ֪ر̣ҲһԷ䲻Ȼ־ŲӼΪ֪Щദʮͬ鶼û˿ɣֱ˼顣
ˮľʣλƿԡ
ŲغʹҾðɣΪȨƣͬӸλȴεӰֻͬ鶼ûеϻӰѣ
˵˵㲻ŲأɳӰػǣѹȴӰ
תСŭɶתͷԸ˵֣ΪӰǲҪʲôȱٹⲻۣ
Ҳ鼬ˣԭһηǳصڧ¼ڿݱΣˡ
ˮľЩ˵ģľҶ־ݻɣ
ִˣû˵
ˮľǷǷ壬˵ҼǵջŲеȨóӰֱ仰˵
ˮľ˿ɫӲõλʡ
ΪġѾڣڴԳһġһͷβķǷ֯ͷĿ־Ųأ˻ӰӵͷһʽְλûСҲ˵ŲغЩӻӰľҶߣȫԶΪ̣ÿһľҶߣǵ񣬲֪˵öԲԣλ¸صĳϣ
ˮľĻǵ¸ʣĴʹתСˮ׵ġ
־ܣô֪Ҳ˼ʵҶвŵ֪Ȼһ£
ʲô£ֻҪˣͱȻᱻ֪翵ԤԶţҲ˲Ϊⱼ뱲ô
һʱ쳣
һᣬˮľͷ˵ŲسϮ޹ءȻ£еֻ̫áϣִ˺λϾľҶĶ
òģȻᴦϵɣԻҵķڷ֤ݣ
ˮľν˵ʱȺλѯ⣬λʹڻӰӵȨۣ⴫ģ
ľҶӰǴʼˣĿĿĿΣΨһƽĴĿȫѡġ
ľҶдľҶǻӰͻӰӵ˽Ӱ֮ԳΪӰΪõ˵ϿɣΪлӰӵݣ
ôˮľصˮҲ¶֮ɫ
ߴƽߵĺ蹵Ӱϵͷǵϵ֮ìܣľҶ弸ʮҲϵ˺ۣ˵Ŵƽ֮ĹϵЩ껹͵ĻôӰϵͷǵϵ֮һƷѾǲ


406 
Ӱһϵߣһеζ̫Ũˣǰѳ˴ӼеȨΨһ⣬Ӵʼ֮һǲɢʢһʱҲڡ
ȻǲԲȡڲ˿ͬζ϶ࡣ
ľҶһšһԲ̫ģû㹻зĴͷˣȻҲ;ۼ㹻ЩڼΪͳļ̳˵ĻӰһϳˡ
ǲһԼпΪΪȨĴͬΪԲͬ˿вͬĽͣһԶƺԼĳĻһǶˣ˶־ŲصΪӶ
ǲ֮ǰ־ŲغٻǿȸӵȥԵġ
нӵܣûбҪġ򽻵꣬һжˡŮɽС嶼û⣬ſŲزûнЩв׳ΪŲʹɽзŮȡǵ͵ƷвŻ־Ų겻ҲЩͶŲû
ľҶߵĶԽԽƽ񻯣߼ȻľҶңƽߣҲδضЩӰϵķڷ
ɵǣˮľΪĳЩԭܣĵڰ˰ѧȮڣŮ־ˡﶼǼӵܡ
Ȼܶ嶼ǻӰһϵ֧ߣǳ⣬δؾͻ־Ųؼѹ塣
ɫõĿˮľЩŵʵˮľҼ̳лӰ֮λô
ûе£ҶԸִ˵ѡĿû
ѡӰ֮λΪսҵԭ򣬴ʱѡս׿ǿߣˣĴĿսǿĸѡǶԣŻڼλƵͬӱ
ȴкܴĲͬʵսһ棬ҽԼ̽ǿҽϵս˵ַľҶԴḻ˿ڶۺƣ˵ǸıľҶĸҲΪݵʤѡӰ顣ľҶܹ˾棬ֹû
ȻˣϮŲأΪЮ˽ıô
޹أ
ˮľȻϡôɶνˮľԲϵģȷ֤ݣԼɿڡ
ˮľʵܺǿĿַҲûʲôãĹҲѲ㣬ֻǣ޼ɵͲΪļ˿һ£
ţˮľɫһתСüͷһ壬ĲĿʼӿЮˮľ־ϢʼнɢѹȸУΧĿʱ
ʱһִֻˮľļˮľͷһľԼҡҡͷһߵɽҶҲŤͷȥװû
ˮľһջŵơ
ֺˮҲĿתСһۡǲҲͬһľҶ̣ûб϶֮ǰü˺ͺвȥĻӵ涼ˡɲԸǲֹˮǲһû֪¹áľɽҶôܶסǵ죿
ƺʶԼﲻ׵תСһ˵ʧˡֻǣˮľϣ㲻ҪΪľҶ̵ı֣
֪ˣлҸ棡
ûеҲһͬʱҲˮľ̹׵뷨ˮľû뿪ӣʱϵ顣
˵꣬ƺʲô˵̿ԵҪɡԳȥˡ
ǣ
ˮľһȻ˳ȥ
Ƭ̵ĳţˮʵ֣ĲˮľɱŲصģ
Ҫ˵ٱ飬ŲȻջ𣬵ǻûеҪðɱֶεĵزûشΪӰûʧܵز
ǾͺãתСЩǵ˵ˮľʵԽԽǿˣŲضϳ˿Ϊѱ޼ɵʵ̫ΣˣҪԿܺƣ
һڴӳװ׵ߣò̫ǡѾˣزΣӵľٶǣǲԼļô¹õǲΪˮľ˵˼û
ֵͷȻľʵϵ
šͷһᣬȻºܶ࣬˼άѣܶʱҲȷʲôӦòԵˣ
ȻһʱסˮľܹıͷֹܹģҲֻˣ
ףȻԸҲֻý鷳


407 ÿ˵Ĳͬ
֮ͬ以࿴˳۵Ŀ϶һʱҲᵽεĵزصĸǼ١ˮľ޼ɵǰƵļһĺԤϻʲô
ʵǿһĳ̶ȣһһҲǲܵ顣
βϮʧľҶʮŻǲ¼Уʹӵᣬ޷͵ĵزһȴʧ
кͳϸ棬ĿĲϵ־ŲҲûǣ̲ĵףڰʴŲδػᶮ
һ뵽δ֪ߡǲԼսĳҾ;£ҪľҶ巢飬һ붼Ҫճɻҽˡ
Ǽսĳģôǿ
벻ʲô취Ӧ˴ΧǿݡЦŴ޺ǲǷ֮ûܹ˵ʱ֡
ȫԸģʽ֣ҲҲ޽ıɱǹΧûô󣡡ֻһ֮˵
ҪҪҲӸղˮľ̬ȾͿԿó˸ֵ֮⣬ˮľκ˵ķԸʹǿӲֶεĻˮľĻᷴġҪԼվŵԼ߼Ŀǿɾ鷳ˡ㹻ѹŲڵһڵľҶûˣֻһ;飬ҲĻ˵е
ˣβǱ߸Ҫ
Ųغˮľ֣ЩĪҥڴõǣҪȡһʩɣ
ʱã֮̿վЩͷ۵˵ԭЩ뷨ģڿЩҪǰ׼ˡ

̿ѡˮľٴγֵʱȮڣıͽˡڶβμ̿Եһǳɹ֡Ķ֡ɰ̿ʦɳҹʵ̫ùˡΪʦӵȮڣͳǰ汾ͿܻİϷֱֿԣֵľԸ˿ЧȮڣе㲻ˡܹһˣһ˻ȮȻԱ֤ս
޷غαװŮʦڹǿȮڣǰȻؾͰ
ˮľʦղŲڣûпҴ֣ܶʵ̫ϧˡ
ѵһѵȮڣҫš
ɵĲټӰѾ
պһԼƵߣȮڣҲʵҲûʲôס
ļԾҲúܿ죬ɽзٶƵĿ³̫ڲ¶ȫʵ£³ܡ
ɰ̸֪־־ۣľҶǰҰܣһ̨кôس˲֣̾ˡ
Ħںӵսоջʤƾеһˡ
ڽеǳʮɺͰˣŴ󿪴ϵĵڱƴĿǰɳʮռƣȡʤҲֻʱˡ
ˮľЩĵؿ֮ıԵʱһŲӽ
Ѿǵڼˣ
峡ǵɣˮľڴִ˹Ȼң
ߵߵľЦһ˵ҲеĻӰӰ
ҪǵϻӰһǷģ
ǻǸл߿һۣ
Ťͷһ±ȡ
ƺҵĵ߰һ˱̭ˡ
ˮľмһ˵ĳ˵ȫˣȻûʸ
ŲصԹô󣿲ϧðŵ̵ĿҲҪһ
ɲ˵˵˺ܶˣ޹أ
ǣ޹أ
ʱ·սֳʤȻϣʮѹʵİ
ܿ죬ҽ̧߽۵ѵİȻ׼һ
ţˮľ뵱ӰôͻȻ˵ʵ
ӰˮľͷŬġ䡱ļ䡣
ļȻ˥䣬ǣĸľҶǸ˲ٺôټϻӰӵı˺ͨ˲һĵ·
˵ⲻͨ˵뷨ô
ˮľҡҡͷЦ˵СʱϷŵӰʱЩս¶ûĶʱ䡣򵥵ÿճΪǶ֪Ӱʲôģֻһңɼ
ԣʱҶãǸ˾ļһ
ʱʾϵʾˣҰӣ


408 Ȩ
Ľ֣ˮľЩε˵ļһͲ֪һֽôôľҶ߶ϣ
㲻Ҫѹƽĳǩ˵ôĻغðɣеЦõ˵ӵڶҲ׶༪١
ɲһ
һ̿ԣƼΪأһȲʹۣиֵĸ߳ҽټˮľҩǱסߵĿܡ
ֻǣ˽һ죬ο⻹ԶԶֹ˽ǵĳ̶ȣŶݼ׶˺־ö
ʹðŶݼ׵Сڴܹ˽ĸ£ȻָѵңĿǰһ̿ʱ״̬Ҫ١
£ټСӣʵδؾûȡʤĻᡣΪСӣŮ߾ӵĻǻԴġ
ôģǲǽʲô˲õǿСӣˣ
ˮľҡҡͷһתղ˵ˣ
ǲ뵱Ӱ
Ŷˡˮľع˵˵ӵܻôһ˿ϣӰΪӣЩĿܳΪӰĻôƽߣҲԽԽǻᱻʵĲпòԼƽӹ
ҵʦĴĿӰûʲôԺյļҲǻӰĵӣ
ĴĿȷʵе⣬Щ㲢˽⣬мΪӵԵɣ޷ϸ㵱ϻӰ˵֪
һҲԤе֮ӵĲˮţȷʵԵ˵ڴֱβϮľҶ壬ѾĴĿӰսһ졣
˵Ӱ£ҴûٵĿǰΪֹҶЩȤ
ΪʲôҪ¶ˣ
ֲ£ңҲֻ˵һЩʵѣһαƣ˵ΪԼӰһΪΪһȺϲ״ĺͿѣҲǡ
ľ̾һˮľǾԲܳϮŲصġ
ȻҾͲ˵ʲôˣЩҲһȣ̫ڣʱڣܲһʵǿӶĴ
˵ףʵǿ˼ɵô
ô˵Ҳû
ʱΪõд۵ľҲ˲֪ٷ顣ԼʵԽԽǿһжƽһвİľɲظ֮ˮľǸп޵̣ͱ¿ˣһľҶʵȨĳϣһƽӹ̣˭ѡ񶼲̫ࡣ
û꣬ˮľ˵ģֻҪˣһ
Σû£
ľЦЦı
һصڧչΪֹʱ򣬾νԴˣͿΪӰĸδãǳͷˮľ׼ϡ࣡ˮľ˵ʵûʲôϵ㱻ɣķҲܹжз֮ˮľõֶôƵˣӵĻľҶûһֹܹԼ
õʱռ׷İɣû뵽㶼һˡ
ʲôˮľգգ۾ʸڷϵ֪˵Щʲô
֪ˣıɣ
ľҲ֪һռ̣ҲֻǾѡ

һ̿ԵĽɱֵҪȴҰӣҪǿȻؾͱ̭ҰӣӮ˶˹裬ҲֻѣҰӣĶɵĽԣ˾СӣܹӮ
ֻǣĽȴЩ⡣۵糸ٶȻ˵СӣķҲԵüΪܡ
еְ
ֱֱȥĸȭҶϤˣСӣӦҲأǲСӣԸǺİȥٶȺѹֱֱȥ·ֻҪܹ巴ӦϵĻʵӦԡʣµģͱɴսˡ
ȻСӣ϶ǲ羭пĥСġôȥĻСӣҲʹܡ
ɻʤԥж֫ĸأֻǣȻСӣӦøǱȻûѹֵơ
˳ûʲô̫ĳҲǺܴ󰡣
ȻףСӣǱǰǿ˲٣͹С˷˼ʱĿϧ
ôСӣлʤĿܡľЩ˵
ùµСҲЩ꣬ʱðŶݼһʱ򣬱ͻȻƬƬӣƮ䣬ɷǺÿ
ʱ򣬱ֳôӣãǻ


409 ϣ
ڳ߹սˮľⳡ㾫ʣǺܼҵĶԾ
ôӣ֣
Ϸ˯һ鷳ˮľȻȷ˼ȶķչԭڲͬϣʹõʱ𵽵ÿҲȫͬ
ˮľʹõʱۻҵĿһƬƬ·׷ɵʰ쵵СȻˣһҲǾԵģþӣʵǰԼĹ֪
ˮľеϷ˯磬ɺƳɵλ֮ͬʱҲӦׯεԢ⡣ڵӰʵǲεǱʶӳ䡣
Сӣ⣬ԣһʼͺˮľЩ
ڱ˵Ű֮Ǳ⣬ʵʵķҰˮľԽ֮ﻯʵĵһγԡȻֻǸûﵽĿĵİƷ
Сӣ뷨ȫһӣǰϣˮľԤеѾкܴĲͬˡ
ഺСŮĸ֪ô
ˮľЦЦûж˵ʲôһ쳣ûдﵽıʵĳ̶ȡֻˮľӵڴСӣᷢʲô漣
µɾûôˡΪһƫصߣͻȫûСȻⲢ˵ûвӵоߣǲġͨСŰѵ֮£˲֪ٱˣѪ껹ܹӵ˵мǿܵġ
ˮľĲԺܼܿΪ⡣˲䱬ŵȭӦͣҲмβѹõ࣬ͬпǲҼѲݣȴΪԵ͡
ƽʱͶһжͻ͵ߵʱ򣬶жЭϡ̨ԵĹвѹƶֵĻ˻ֻܿԼ־Ӳˡ
УΧԼ׷׷ӣ֮һƬԼǰ޵ξУԼȽδڵأٽһ߿˲òĽؿԼĳ˷ͷԼӮСӣ۷Ҳˡ
ΪʱСͻȻһʹȻͲ˹ȥ
УСӣĻǰûκηѹõСӣһ͵㱵ǰʵʵһˤ಻ȭ£¾ͽÿ°ĭȻȥ
״ͬΪѵζ̲סͷΪʦؿ˼ĿľĪ۾
ഺҪЩ۵ģ
ҪúõĽһСôԼóͻˣ
ȫûзӳʵͱ޵ķŵҪսϿɾ̫ԩˡ
С˯б̧ϵܵʱǻ¶Ļȣƺ૽СӣɵЦ
ˮľ֣ʽͲ˵ˣ֮ص˺ѣټУôԻ˵͸ӺˣսеʵԲðɣ
ͻ츳ûеĴߣле鷳
ǣͲһһʹõĻ
ˮľ̾һЩƵĻشȻ߼Щ⣬û˵
Ȼô
ˮľԭûһΪ򵹵˵ģҽơ桢Ⱥûǧһͻ֪͡ˮľǻʹģǣûмսʹùҲˮľһӰɡ
̧ߣһҲҪʼˡ

ͬʱ־ŲŴžʹұ۴ֲӡǻȼüֻ֮ǣԼ״ҲΪãֱ쳣ƽѾκˡһαȽϼҵսĵĲάֵұ۾Ҫʹ˱ˡ
Ȼ˿ԼȨܴΣУĿǰΪʱ
ֲûдˮľļƻλҲ޷ƶ£
ڲԶ¾ǵġһʱҲ֤ݣҲʱ󶯸ɸ꣬λƺй˼ɣ
ңѣֲµʴô侮ʯˣû뵽Ҳôһ죡
ȨŲأӶʧܷʱԼӰȻֱ½չ¶ǿ̬Ļӵĳ̶½ǱȻġ
ʲôϢһ˵ɣ
¾ִƺ뷨Ҽƻ˲̵ʱˣһοܻĸж
ǶҲжô
ǵ鱨ǵģ


410 ϲǲΰ
һùŰеŲأҲѵ¶˷ŭ顣
ΪֻܿŪһõ֧ô
Ѿûʲô󰭵ұ߸첲ٴñװأŲȻطԸ
ռЩҩҴ
ҩָЩˮľΪȫҩĶô
Ȼȥ
ǡ¾ܿȥ׼
ŲվŹŸġ˹ȥ
ԭǲӦðյģֻڿҪ׼ˣ
оŲûⷽ˲ţֳɵҩԼɹʹãǲġ
ȫҩսʱƴɱﵣһǱܵҩֲľ޴ȱݡ
ŲҲЩϣЩʲôֲгӰϸŲأǳܵһ㸱õġϵŲأʵ״ʵֵ׳߻Ҫá
ڸҪ飬Ų¸Ϊ˳Ĵ죬Щ飬Ϊиָĳ⣬ҲֻøáһŲ˥ܾҲ޷ֹһЩķˡ

ս֮󣬽̴ڲһսܽϵĶѼ棬ھغϵĽ֮
Ȼκ
׵̸ϳ̿ô
ˮľƲƲ죬Ҫ˵ǩûаˮľһšսһս̭Ҫ˵ͺȡʤĻᵹڣҪΣ̵ɾάֲסˣʱ˭óˣ
ˮľԤҲ޼ȫԸΣȫҲһܹսʤοй˼ɵ¡ֵĴһʹˡ
ļûʲôˣǿʵ̫ɰŮߵĲ˼У˿ҽⳡս֧ŵ󣬽̭֣Ǳסɰһ˿档
УŮ־ˡǲľҶߣʣµɰ̡˾ɳȫ̭ľҶǿƱֵܾ¡
ʤʮȫ¯ľҶˣ̡ɰ̸̡һˣ˳ߡ
ľҶǿռݵӼҪࡣ
ûʲôǿжѡ
ˮľмĿ˿Ǹųǩĵʾ˵ǣҲֻһĹ֮ѡˣȫΪơһѡ˴ҰӣĶԾһ֮⣬ĸǿˣ˵ľҶ߲ԣֻ˳̫ͷˡ
˵ˣ۳ʮɵʵκǲвСȡʤ֮⣬˺Ѷռˣ⣬ȮڣǡԼƵ͡˵ɺ̫࣬Ͳòˮľˡ
Ϊչʾӵǿ󣬸Ҳɷѿ˰
ٴγ֣˵ԵĳǩʽȻʽԽһԺС
Χֵʮʽǲ
пΪ
ϰУҰӣɰŮˣʤ߽Ȯڣǰĵǲ볤ʮ֮ʤߣͿ³ǰȮڣͿ³ʮ˵һ
°Уս죬ʤ߽Ů־ǰġκܽԾʤ߽ͰĦǰġ°˵ٴһŮ־˺ͰĦ
治ȫٴһ֡ͺǵĹߴһϲռˡ
ɰ̴̷ķ̿
̨ҲʾķҲʵץסӹŮҲŲһˣܹߵһһӵ˰ɣ
ͳԼһӵҫȫûĸʵ൱á
ˮľڲԶЩʮֲļһΪһ;úЦ̶ѣʲô۵ģܹ˳ĳɳ·ز۵ÿ겻֪ж١

鷳̿Եڶᣬ̨µĽǸһˣ̽ǿļ֮Ľˡ
˵ľҶȻ˶ڣձͽСֻʮѣ̴μӿԵҪСꡣСһ࣬˵޹ؽҪĻڳ塢ʵʮ꣬Ҫ˵һ꣬һ֮ʵĲ඼൱
һԭȷʵ˵һ̵㣬ҲľҶƲӵľ棬̷׷ꪣúҲ֪ǺûǻɳʹѹÿһľҶߵͷ


411 칦
̿ԽΪսõСӣڰ˰Աڵֿԡż֮⣬ûжˮľĹ͡ʴӱѧԨԴʹôҸţǳ߹Ѫͳӵйһȵʵ
ڿѪͳĵ磬ҪƴͳĹ治һ׵顣
ߵĺӸ׳Ϊߣǲʵһɫƽţı䲻ƽƽӹѪ޽Ĵڣߺƽ֮仮һĺ蹵
ˮľʦʲôߴȮڣˮľعٲ֣ⶼҪˡ
֪ˡ
ˮľƬһȻ
Ȼ̿ȫʲôףģˮľҲôԼѧġֻǣָ߼ѻеۣˮľɵð̾һԼǸɱǮһʱ䣬ȵʱˣƷʻУӾͺùˡ
⼸̿ԣвٿˣʹ̽˸Ķ࣬˳ģʻҲ΢תһ㣬ҪȻԼûǮԴȡԼѧûĴθ
ףԣθ
ˮľͻȻԭУ˵һθ¼һλģǰԵ˹һ˲䣬ˮľͷƺð亹
ԵⶼˣԱ𣿡
лˮľʦдѾԱˡ
̿Իɣڰ˰˶ûжģҲҪԴȽˡοҲǺϲ̫Ķ춹ɳЩʳܸŮӵĿζһ棬ҲȿҪҪΪǨͬȤͲʲô⡣
˵ԼԱˣˮľҲһΣᷢˣҪؿһûǮ˸¹ɾ̫ˡ
ˮľʦһûԱȮڣţһߵĳҲ塣
ԱһＹ⣡
ˮľ󷽵ٴε㵥ֻҪħ֣սʲôģܳԶ٣ⶼνˡ
ųµͳƬŮ־һһ۵ϸʣֻǿͬڳԶѡ
֮УŮ־ͻȻʵˮľʦһµʱ䣬ʲôԵѵô
ѵˮľͷƺճһ£ֲɭּ֮ľ޴ģоǰƣÿڽʱԵߡɴʦݶֵʵĽָƺһֹֻǡ
ǸҿܱȽæûʱָǵѵһõģһҵķǣ
Ҳаɣ
Ϊˮľѧ֪ˮľһּΪʵԼ棬Ҵʱ伫˵ͱָҲǺܴ
ˮľԶĵطľŵҲڴԴȣǸڵһϣؿΡҲԹ԰ŨüɢϢߵͬ鶼ʮֲڡ
κ춼ˣСӣֻʣҡ
ľȻŽһ鿾£ȻȥҲ֪ûгԳζ
һߵŨüʦһŵĴЦУС
ʵ̫ˡ
ǲؿԱһۡ
Ϊʲôһң
ȻQľҶСԵ̫꣬ҲЩ졣
ľЩεشȻľҶ̶ףϸȥطҲ̫áڰ˰ҲﲻԶ
ףˮľʦҲҪҪȥк
˰ɣˮľ鲻̫ã
鲻ãСӣЩɻ󣬵ڰ˰ȫϸӦûʲôĵŶ԰ɡ
ˮľ˴һܣúܼҡ
ľ赭дˮľ
ܣˣ
ԴһȻӦǴӮ˰ɣ
־Ųؿ϶ʤǲ޽֣ȻǴһֹˣǣܹS֪Ѷˣô˵ӡ
ȻӮˣΪʲô鲻ã
˱ˣִ˲ˣ˵ţľһһЦɽз磬һҲû¶̿Ա̭ɫ
˽ô
Сӣƺ˵ʲô̴ܣȻ̴ֹܣǿɾҪŭӰĴˣԵͷҲġ
ľҶ֮Ҳл࿴˳۵ô˵ţСӣ˲ԶСеŨüʦʦͿʦıô
̾һضˡǹЩ̫磬ú׼̿԰ɡ


412 ҫ
Ӱ칫ңתСں͸ּҵˮľǰʱ򣬶ûô
֣֪ڸʲô𣿡
ҵȻףü޵飬綼ҪָģҪάΰ
նĻش׼õ飬Ϊһ㷴ͣ˵Ļ´λ֪ʲôʱٴ
һ̿ڼ䣬λҲ˴ӵΰ״Σ˵һͿΪȫû֯иɢģʽҪ
֣Ҫؽ⡣ǣŵǲﳹ׵õˣȫνΪų⡣ҪؽĻҶԻӰֵ֧ģ
ںشѾǻӰˣû˱øã
ȷʵҲϿǿ͸֮⣬ûбȸָʵĻӰѡˡҲܰôֻǣֵΪΪȫ˱صλϵԤƣ
άִճ򣬱Ȼﲻˣ˵һȫȨΪʲôҪһĲٴγ֣
Ѿ˵ܶˣҪôһά򣡡
Ȼ㲻صǲĸô
ǲְ˰˵ҲǺǲôģΪ֧ߣάŴӵΰһǵȫ˵Ĳġǣûǲˣ½ľҲܵĳһ֧䣬Ӧ񰵲һֱӶԻӰҲҸ𡣡
˵úˣǲƿصľǳͷβļװݶ۵ȱǾ֤֣뽨һܻӰ֧ճ飬ͰҪṩͬҪôһ֧ǿԼľҶƿء
ֻôƱػλʵȨ걸ϵἫӰķӡհࡢΪжλճӰǾԲܹ˼ùģЩٴֵʱˡ¼ĹϽϵôֻҪϼ͹ˡ
һŲڵĳȨƱȻܵ
˵еԥĻ̿ڼټŲϾˣýȵʲôʱ
תС˵˴ĸ֣תͷˮ˵ҲȰô
ˮҡҡͷ˵ֻҪĴ¥ϲıǣֻľҶı־ĻؽҲûʲôף
˵ŵˮֹתС磬˵Ҳ½һάִӵΰֻǾԶһֱûʵСȻҪþ֣Ѿƻˡô׼ľɲѾźô
Ȼ޷ֹôڲѡɸԱĹзһãø̫רС
ݶΪ¹ãˮľѡɵر̵̺ζӳֶӳ
ˮľϮ¼֮ǰʱռݸλΪΣ̫ˡ
ɡ
εЭƻǸϲϱ仯ͦãû뵽ؼʱ̣ˮľôһãֻҪ˳ԼĻȨȻӣʲô飬ԺҲЭòհǰ˺ˡ
ңֻиεǣˮľǰ˵Ӱ֮λǲſڻӰλñܱҲ١
ľҶ岢ǺܴʵûбҪ̫ӵĹҲԲ̫򵥣򴿴⿿Ӱͬǳ¶ˡһǲ壻һαﲻˮľһأվȮڣŮ¹ѡӰ֮λȴ߶̫ˡ

˿֪Լġ߸ɡݣ˼仰ߣˮľԱ֮ǿ㲻ûôй䣬ƵĻؼңȥԼеĽȥˡЩ޵ļҲûôᣬһͷԼžͲˣɵһȥ
ɾͿ˻н̵ѧľˣѣֻû˼ӵѡϧˮľȫΪֱֵһֽ鷢ˮľС
̿Ա̭Ŀ󲿷ֶ׼ˣ˵ģҲ⼸ָ̤˻ؼҵ;ֻһЩߴд̻ģԼͬĲ׼ۿĿԡ
Ȼ˲٣ǣ̿ΧԽԽ㣬Եľʳ̶ҲǰȫȵġҲԽԽǰǣľҶ˲ûм٣ԽԽˡ


413 ٷ
ӳˮľɻؿĪί״ְλǸõģ
ˮľ֪ǲ屻ʢһʱĻҲɢˡ˻е㻳ż֮⣬ܶ˶ǵúܶ˲Ĳˡûʢ˵ǲЩҶˣľҶйôһ޼ɵ֯
ؽˮľǰʽάִճΰ
รô˵ҲǸСͷĿˣˮľƳ۸Լί״ĹɼˮͻճǾµĶԱ˻˭
ûˣɼˮӳƼɲ׼
ֱӿսԼҲоټȨôһ㵹ǲ
ȻǶӳҹ˭Ͻ
ǰ쵼Ĳӣֱڸ뾯ͷ죬¹ãʱȱȲֳӯϸ

òƻԣɵĺõĻҲܽϸ֮˵ܴ§ǮӴ۷塭
Ҫ£ۣòƵڴϹƾ͹ˡ
ʲôʱ򾯱ʽʼת
󣡡
죿ˮľڰ˵ȥִ˺Ͳ˵żз纮һԺܹԴڼ䣬ܵšȻȥɣ
˵꣬ѵһŹϣ̷
ˮľ˭ǽ
ãڵĴôæ˷ǵʱ䣬ǵĹá
ôôУ
ǰʱ̫࣬вټڿϢһ£
þûôˬĴڼʲôˣָо˻Ȼ㲻ˮľҲʲô֪ȻзԼָ鱨
ؽҲйƵİʾҪһµĻǿӵİֻһֱûʲôᣬһοҪȥˡ
ҲûʲôϵԺҲǶһݳȥٻѣ
˿֪ԼöʧԺҪְȻҲΪûȥյˮľһһо߷͹ӡµоչ
裬Ȼô
Դǻۣģʽ޷ˡ
ģʽȱݣǲʵǣʹģʽ͵òô
ӱ˵Ĳβ޲ȻʵͬһණͬĵŲΪͬĲγɸɫĹⲨߡߵȵȡȻԺͱʽȹⲨҪӵöࡣ
ԴͬĲʵһ൱õ־壬ߵĲ־ԲӰֶͬĲھʱ仯֮ǰʲСҲʹһ֮䣬˵ĲɵΣС̶ܹܴϵĻá
ǲӾ޴ȻͲһˣ־ȻĲ̫ˡ⣬ɴ˵β޲ӡȻԴĶԣԶԶڸĲʹõĻ˺ǱԴ־ʴ
ĿǰоƺûʧܣҲȫɹ鱨־ƺܵĳ̶ֳȵĸš
˵ԭЦ󡣿ǣΪʵ⡣˵ݵĲпԭĻǲд۵ǿҿʵ⡣ˮľļʶдûô̬ĿСͲдۻܹĿһ£Ҫʲôãֲֻаһ֡ǴҪд۸ʲôоôʹǧ񣿻ڶߡʿ
ЩҲۣˮľӡоҲЩɹˣȴһѡ񡣾ϵ⣬ȻǺܽȣʱʱ̶̿ԼѹΪĳЩԭʧ˳ԣǿɾ̫ˡ
鷳⣬ⲿӰ⣬Ƕ֪ĿʣԼ־ᶨٶֶҲǰ״ԼôһˣЩʲôȻӰᶨȥɲһ׵顣

ң¹丸һ壬Ҳһޣ̶һȵĸɱѽѷ֣Ǹϵ¹øʤһ
·൱£
¹Ͷ䣬Ȼʵ
ţҺϾҪˣԺеҪٺܶˣ
ⲻǺôинˮȥȾơ
¹¶ƣĿЦ˵㲻ڳһˣ


414 ·
ЩܵĻ¹Щ˵ѾˣСˡ
𣿡¹ЦЦ˵һܹҵİ࣬ˣ
˵꣬վ߽ݣ¹һ
Щ飬ϣܹһᣬǽ鷳һ
¹빲ļ壬ĿӰԳնļᶨ֧ߣԳնȻӰλãҲ벻ĺô
¢Ӵҩ壬ռŴƬҩ԰ԣÿջ涼Ǹ֣ΪĸһĽ˶ȡ֮֮ߵԴ
Ȼ¹ǿƣԳնûеϻӰҲ̫ʧۿһһʱļû䣬ɢַĸоܻ˵Ĳӡ
ǲľҶʧ֮󣬼гļӵռݴҪְи𾪲ž޵Ҳؾ͸ڼңֻеȵлӰʱ򣬲ŻٴδսۣΪӡΪսƽʱҲֻάһΰһ㼦ëƤС°ˣȾƵʱ䶼ʱҪࡣ
֮ƽ㣬һֱûȷĽޣܶССļ嶼ǼȲľҶȨ䣬ҲӰλã˭ϻӰ֧˭ԻӰĵӼͬ飬֧ȴģûʲôµĻౣ־Զ̬֮ȡ
ԽԽǿƽԼһЩûĸͣôϵ˥ˣټŲΪ׵ǿӲ䶷޵ĴѹʹЩӵϵѹҲվ
Ҳ߼嶼ӵһ죬ǿʧǾԲܱ𣡡
뵽⣬¹ҲǸѱſۡ
ʢôûм۵ǿߣԸӵ޼ɵĽ
һξؽյΪ¹ףһûᡣͳϸĿӰֵĻȨشٴ룬ҲǸͼֺϸϵȴȨһγԣ˳ĻôӸ˳Ҳ˵

֮һʮӣһʮڷСĽֵϡԴ׳۵˴Ź֮ͨԭĲ֮ҲʼһЩͨıټϵλõԽò֮سΪһŵĺõط
ϴˮľʱѾȥˣźͼȻͬľˮľҲЩ졣
ڵһμô˵ĳҴӺشһСʹڵȫͬ¾ϵ̫侪Ⱥð죬Ҫˮľֹ˵Ҵͱ̫γϹˡ
ˮľЩǳԵ𣿡
ǵġ
ڵµʱѡһЩ׸ڱʳȻҲ̸ʲôζĿСԾȫҴθʲôȥһ¡
йʱԱһͯ˹
磿
ˮľͷһһ׺ñӵСкվڲԶҴҲתͷ
СкǱˣŴʦɵԱǣֵģĸ׽һֻŸõ߲ˣƺ׼ؼҡ
磿ҴָԼֵʵڽңҲ磬ҽҴ壡
ϴˣʧҡҡͷǰԱԼǲҪңҷͺʶԶԭΪ˵Ҳڣû뵽ǿջϲһ
һߵĽ΢΢ϹǸǸλ鷳ˡ
⡣
ˮľҡҡͷЩҴ뿪˴˵ء
ţˮľ˭ǲǺҳú񣬾ˮľһ
ˮľΪѵͷû뵽ͳߣȻһСǶԱԼкӵĳƺһ˵֡
ĹϵˮľЩƣǣȫһǺܴģ
ĿǰҴ޷еĹϵˮľҲֻܺˡ
뿴
Ժлһ
ǺáҴ¶ЦݣȻת۾ͱʳע

ľҶ壬ֻ߽еõӰɲܽȥĳϿ⣬һƬܻƵԱߣһɫɫ˫ͫŮڷǰ϶ѵϸߵϣ۾̬ȣֱ߽žѹ
ִˡ
Ůվæ
ֵͷʵ죬ôջ𣿡
ԭɫ飬Ϊ۹ȣ˲Ѫ˿ϦպźҡҡͷûƵļ¼ǸлҪ죡


415 
ΪϷ˯Ļûκ˵ע⡣
ٻЩԲѣЩȱҶǣǿЧȴע⵽
ǴҰӣļȭûнѣڽһʱУСҲûѵļ󡣲ѣҽưֻǸǰͱĻǿЧҪһЩ֢Ͳˡ
ּĽҲ˲죬ʵ޲ףܴĸֻǵ˯ˡһ㲻ͬѰڵĲƽϢ֮󣬲Ȼѹһʱ˻þʵ֪״ֱ֮󣬲𽥻ָ
һ㣬˸ֵĹעҲֻǽ˵鵱Цȴô롣
ȫʣľҶ֪ˡʵֻһֲʵ컯µĽҲײٿصĲζڵĲӲܵŶ仰˵ԻȻԣʵ൱ˮƽһ㣬СһĻӰʵС
⣬۵ĵֹӦҲˡ˻Ļ⿪ѶҲ֮ߣ侫˺ҲԽ󡣹Ļ׶ɾõ˺һǸΪĵġ
Ϸ˯һʮº͵ĻȻСҲֻ˳󣬲ûʲôصĺ˵ԭϾھԾԵ˺ĳȫͬ
ɵĸ֣Ŀǰгˮľ֮⣬ͨϦպ죬ͼҵӵĻͣǺܿϧæµϦպһ
Щ⡣
ѵһƵİҲ
ϦպЩΪѵشܹܹܶ࣬ȫˡβ޵ĻǴڵģд۾еٮٮߡڻ֮һҲֻɶʱ֪ϰ߾˵ףҲֻòƭһֶΣ֮Ȼɾƣ쳣ֻ߻ʲô֢Ϸ˯ͲΪ˵ĻĿǰΪֹûƵİ
ĻĳԾͼΪˣԽǿ޺ԽҪע⡭
ֶ˶֮˵ˮľ̵ʱע˾ͨص㣬ʵϣˮľһֱûżʹãҲֻϽ緢áڲĿһɵǿò̫࣡
ˮľйһ²ô
ҡҡͷ˵һԭֳΣ֮ǰӲ̫ѯеء
̽Ĵͳǲ״ƵģȻ߶̴νĴӵ߻߼ʹӷͻ
ʱȷ棬죬Сӣˮľʹʲôϵ飬ҲҪ£
סϦպͷӦԼпУ飬ҲֻоͨԼȥʡ

լԺ㾲ؿŲԶڶΪ̿бٮٮߣռҲǶľҶһƣֻǣĿǰע飬ЩǸһؽĴ¡ĲСķ磬ΪӦòȥΪӦ֮
һȻ⣬ľҶıʴమҲٹܵڲֻǲ֮󣬽ӹһߺλȻҲᵽǲյѹҺһ͵˽Ҳûж鷳ֻҲӦûһõ˲˵֧֡
ּѾһ£ּ֧뾯ؽ
ϵ㱨ŷּҵľ顣
ãȻѾһ£ô;ִУѾѡ˰ɡ
ƣţΪԱάֺʹӵϵ
ͷ˵ּܹ˼ʶΪ峤ʮοֻһ㣬ڼһвҪͻҲҪʱ˿²ס
Ȼͽȥûźȥɡ
˹ˡʮ˵ôҾȥʹӹͨҪһӳְ
峤ˣ
˵꣬ƺʲô֮ԥһ֮󣬻ǳʵ֪峤ˮľ飬Ƿнչ񡭡
¹ȫĴ£ɲ÷ּҲš


416 ˷
ô⣬ѾֹһκˮľˣȻûĽĿǰۿֹۣܺܲ
ֹۣܲǻź
ּҵĳϲ̾һڣȻּͱһпܶŻķڷչǣҲѾǵصĵزˡ
Ľ峤ʵ棬ǧٹⲻۡ
̽һŵĽʹ֪Եֿĵ˶ڰſǿʵ಻̽һţ۷ʲôҲ־ܡ
ûʷе࣬ǲҪֻ֪ǣȻʹû䣡
ն˵ţǧļ壬Լϳ٣ôԵԸ׵ܵܡղ
ԶڻźˮΣˮľ֮ǰһЩڰۺת۵Ĳ²⣬ӼᶨԼľġ

һ֮ԭ¥ڣԴǲ֮˺һʱ䣬ʱ鳡ڣǻظԭò
¥ȱͲӰȡ֮һƮҶӣľҶıǡ
ؽѾмˣÿξʱǲ̲ספ㣬ǲٹ֮ųʱֳǲһ𾭹Լ־ΪһԱΪǲҫŬû뵽һжɢ˷ǵľһֻĸо
վϽȥУ
һϰˮľյſڣͿɵվŷǲɵóѵ
ˮľʦҲǾһԱ
ˮľһµһδϵĶӳꡣ
ûСǸɲˣ
ȻԼʵӳе㶪ˣҲţڴ˵ܳÿҪʲôģԺϽ˾ͲûǮˡ
˵ˣһαҪȥǴкȻҪǲнˮɾˡ
ӻ֣ˮľ߽¥
ˮľıӰʧޱٴοһۣȻͷҲص뿪ĵطɱǲ֮ǰһлǲԭµġǰһԼĺûᣬ̿леĶ֣ǵһ

ľҶúתһֱгеķԽǲ֧žô꣬䱻壬Ͼʹ
һתõľȷʵһľҶ൱кôֻ֯ҪȨĳĳҰļһ൱ֺϴìܵĹߡ
ƽṹ죬һϳɳصְ̣긻ǿʵǿִ㣬Ƿȱ̵Ρ
ְҪάִڲһ㲻̫ǿսҲʱԵġͨ˻£ȻԿѹأΣӵ飬ֻӳӣô죿ʱ򣬾Ҫʵǿĸ쾯Ӣץ鰸ˡ
ȻǸְһҲְȨҲ϶١ЭһͬڻӰǾʽ
ΪʲôҪϳɳص̵ΣϾͿְ֪ȨʵͰвغˣкϡ򽻵ͼʮҪһḻߣѪյߣǹˣὫ²̨
ͺñ̿УдĴٹ˹ľҶ壬ľ񣬲ܶʱ򣬾Ҫϣе鷳£Ҫ
ֻǣĿǰûṩճǿĸȱ飬ҪλִеĶӳˡ
ѡӳҲû
Уӳǳְλʵǿ̡ر̵ΣжٶԱӾԱڶ࣬Ҫ󲿳ίɷֶӳЭȻԼҲԸʵټԱǷֶӳڲ֪ˡ
ӳȨʵҪȰӳŰ鳤ȨҪ΢һ㡣ҪЯĳ˵ĻǱȽϷġǼд˽̫࣬еˣͱˮľҪҴ뾯ͻܡϾµ֯ǲԳһ塰һܹϢؽһ޸׵˳ľҶϵģ
ʱˮľŽеһʹԼȨְ߸ŵֻйɼˮ뻧ճ
ʵְӦòҵˮľŶԣˮľûзֿؿа˹Щн̵̼ξӳ෴еļӵܵǺܶ࣬ˮľУֻһ


417 αװ
ӵзˮľżæµʵӰ̫飬ֻҪһʵر¶ڴǰ
־клֻǣڵˮľʵı¶һЩҲʲô˵˸ӵطġ
˻̫ˣ
ܹ˵Ķ飬ȻҲǲУľҶôĵط˵Ҳòʲô̫жһĻԼ˾Ҫæܶˡ
ҪļԱ
ǴӵľѹҪԼǮҼ˼ḺֶΪ
ɼˮЩΪѵ˵ʱ䵽ȱˣﻹҵеߣ
ְλҲʵˣҲ൱ͷ۵飬һӳ¾ƨһ¶ҪԼȥ̫ûˡ
̿Խȥڼ½̹
ӳһܹ̿û̽ȥڼطûˣ
ճѵ
ˮľν˵ʲôϵûӰȥͷۡ˭̿Ըôѵģ
ĵʱǰ洫һϤ
ڽͷйŮܽϵͼ͹δ򽻵ֱС·ˣСŹ򲻶ϵȰܽеĶΪ
ιôӰ˵ģ
ߵĹɼˮԶԶؾͳֹ
ܽתͷͿˮľ
ˮľǰǺþò
ӳǸ죿
ţǱȽϤɣ
ˮľͷ϶̴ʱʱڻǾġ
ˮľǰ֪ΪʲôľҶ˶ңΪֹֻмСԵĴԸҽѣȥʲôʱһٸѣ
Ҳֻǿܽѵϲǿܼİɡ
úŬɣһ飬й䡣УԸ˵ĻͲܴűˣȻ˺ŵģ
ѲӦ𣿴ģţ
ˮļ̌ͷܿ˿֪УһϤĲأְİûзɶβļӡ
ɣҪעִ磬ҪǱͶߵĻҾҪץؼ졣У֮̿Ҫˣȥ׼һ£
ܽİڰ˵ǽҪ
ҾͲˡǰľƹдֵƺк˵ľƹ£һ£ˡ
ˮľӳŲܿôôǸŮ߶е㲻
ùûʲôΣ
ذпţܳ²Ź֡ˮľһ飬֯ӦûڻʵĽ׶Σ˵һֻҲûռǣʵϣδˡ
Ȼڡ֯ڳڣǸ̴壬δز֣ʵϣˮľУһβغףǵһֻŷ⾡ӡβޣǰ滹ββܽ˵ܽı׽мѭĻβͲ֪ʲôʱġ
һβˮľһ֪ʲôʱ򱻡׽߳β޸Ǻͷֻ֪ȵϴͳɰ֮Ы׽ҰҪܶࡣ
ûᣬȻץô
һġ֯¶ñԭö࣬жҲ޴Ӵ⣬ôββδزǰ֣ˮľҪΪĻҪˡ
ˣһֱôطƺҲ̫á
Ҫ˶Ŀļ֯Ҳδظ˭һذβĴ־ͿɱˣԼ÷ӡһҲ
һˣˮľҲͣ·ŷɵ˼Ҳֹ˶ĿһЩղҲǿԵġ֯棬ϴɶκͽǶˮľкܴİոɵǣСϡ޺ǲеѣֻҪǲ˵ûʲôΣգ
ԽԽиͷˮľ˼¾ִеĿԡ
һβغ׵ķ׼ŪֵβԶβҸŪһҲѣؼôܹԼ档
֮̿󣬺úúϼһ°ɣˣҩʦƺƵļ
ûתͨĻģֳɵֶǲġ´׵ĻҪעⷽˡ

ʱƣǴԵѵĽĹҲԽԽ࣬ӴĹȻǾҪְ𣬵ǰȫ뱣ٲ˵ġһʱĥϣľҶҲؿʼӦôһȺˣʱѲڽͷµĲӡżıԹҲ޷ı֣ӦģŶߵİǰˡ
һ²ܣһЩĸҲģǰЩʱӰ죬žƵȶҲƽϢ


418 Խ
ϾֽӹӰλҲŰѣǰµزشӡһЩֶεʹҲ֮ʱ򶼻ѯλʵζרУ⣬Ȼ̫ĻԺʲôͻӵˡ
طµĴΰı棬ҲǶԼʩٴõĿ϶
ֱһ棬־Ͳɵýüͷ־ŲܵϮĵ飬һֱûмϣֻϧЧȡһݳĽ۰˸ֵİ칫
ϣûκο֤ݱָ֣֤ˮľȻҲ޴̸𡣲˵һж³׷ٻ٣ܹ֮Ϊ֤ݵĶˡ
е鱨սϿȷţѾƿɱĳ̶ˡ
ܵ־ŲҲֳۣģˮﵽԸıεĳ̶ˡ
ǲʵԸǿ֪ͫ¶վ˷ܺһǿҲΪֵ֮̾׶ݵֶΣԶžǿɱĿܡ
˾ȵˮľϸ˵ø޺ǲȴˮľδرȶҪǿǺԣĶԾУˮľƺռϷ硣ֳΧĻʵ˲òη塣
Աǧȫž˿ԿΧɱĿܣҪԸˮľֻܿǿ
øֲòĿӰҲһǿһбСΧĿֲڡߵΧУܹҹԼ߶
ˮľ̶ֳȵĻݾ͸ѶԸˣҲĿǰֻΪӰԼܽˡ
ôѷ׵Ĵڣָľ˼ɡ
˵ţܹʱڽʵθߵ̶ֳȣǿѪ޽ѣҲֻģʽܹһˡ
˵ˮľΪܲǣһʵǿߴڵʱڲܵĶ֮ܴһ˿ȫ
κδӶһ飬ǿиָ鷳ÿӵӰΪЩ鷢ÿһӰΪһβغ׵ͷۡӰҲΪ͸ԽˡľҶľ˷ïʵԩ
Ŀǰˮľ״ȴҪöˣҲľ˷ïɱˡұ鷳͸ллˡ
ҷЩͷ۵飬һ¼˵̧ͷƬһͷ޺췢
㣬֪ȴҰӣҪǿѧϰҽĲܣȴҰӣҲ˶١
ܱСӣѷһѪƣʸʺϷӡķӣǽշൽ˿ʵõĳ̶ˡԲǿӡЧֱǸ黯УβֲۺҲЧ·ΪƷβ޲ſķӡ
ܵĻѧϰӡͰٺ֮ӡӦҲѰɣ
ΪʽľҶϵҽߵ룬ӰĴӡ

ľҶѵľЩпؿǲ봺Ұӣʵսϰ
ǲĹƣʹǿԼҲòܹ֮ˡսʽԽԽˡǾԲ̼ϸĻַ֮۵糸ٶȸУټԽԽǧֵѹҲԽԽˡ
ֻǣѹ֮£ҰӣȻ֡ԴӸˮľ֮رˮľĽ飬ԼʹСӣսеԽԽǿˡ
ɫĲܲʱسʧڹؼĵطǡô赲סǲĹ
׶ݵĿǣСӣҲʱͻԼķ£ʲôӰս˺ңӵϢСӣ㹻Ĳ䱻ƻĲܣҲвľ֮ǣǵġֻԼĿ죬Լδȫɳ֧ѡ
鷳Ͱ¼Ϊʹã϶ıҲʱðʹ˷ʵ˷
û̹ҹʬľҶߣͲսʽļµжֱֱȥսʽͬСΧĸ񶷼µٶȺϷչڼɵַʽʺʲǲߣΪֶεΪʡ
ֻƽʱĶΪĥգԸ־кֶξûóûдۣҰӣҲֻôԾ󣬻ʵʤһ֧ĴҰӣܡ


419 
Ϊ̿УΨһһ̴죬ĿˮӰڤؾͽǰľҶг̰źˡ
ôһκ̴ʽؽã¶ΪӡУҪĻȱ٣֪ɫӵа۵൱ʲõռһҪ۾Ես໹˵㣬ôʮбҪѡһǿˡ
ϧڵ״˵ƲѾݴ˲ŵĵˡԴ̵شðŶݼ״Ķ̵ֻ֮ʣ¡̵Ӵ̵֮ƺһ㣬ӵӡ̵ûԱĶһ
⣬ɽɱ޼ߣҵٲնӣִն״󵶡ָԭڵ壬Ҫ˵̵ļ̳ߣ̵ղ룬ѵ̴ߡ˻ڳʮ֮⣬ȫ䲻һսв֪١
£ÿһǿս˵ˣڤǿҪ£ηٴǰΪˮӰĻͬһ𣬽ڤһǰľҶ塣
𳤽ûж˵ʲôеһ쵼еŶӣͬڤǰ֮ս
·ϣҲȻԴԴ鱨ʱ͵ڤС˿̣ڴеڤñɫ۾ϸز鿴ոշ̿ԼľҶ鱨
ֻгʮһ˺ϸôź
̵֮һҲҪսųߡṶ̊Ԥ֮Уûܸһ̫źˡ
μ̿ԵĿģֻ˵ǿϸ񡣳ʮܹڶӱѾǸ峤ˣͷȫûҪöˡ
ǣôһ磬ʵе㲻ɰҲˣһҲǲܽܣǺľҶһȣ̫ѿˣľҶ߸̽֡߱һĲֱ࣬Ͳͬһľ֮ı֡
˾棬Ҳóʮıʧɫ١
ǿƵľҶҲȫ⣬Ȼ̫˾ˡ
һ鱨ʾģλ˵е̣֮̽ıϢڷ贫СϢȻţǣ֮ľҶ岻ԶĵطһΪҵսкܴĿܣλ־ŲҲС
˴£ľҶûκηӦΪӰĸҲûκν͡˿ĬЩһҲʹЩҥԴԽԽ㣬ҲԽԽס
Щŵʵж٣Ӳ涼ԷӳľҶڲǿ϶ġҲ̴΢һ˲žľҶҪŽһĻûʲôˣʹΪѣҲᱻľҶǿѹô
ڤעĻһ顣
ڸޣжٰջ޼
һ֮شǴɱĻɰܹɱԾҪֵס಻ˮݡ
ľҶ⣬ǳս֮ĺۼ֪ж˻򰵵ȥ̽еĿ֤һˣȷǲصܺʵ̫ˡ
һˣпǸޣ̶ֳȵˮݣɲʲô˶õóġľҶ鱨֪ǲһģǸǸ̡
һʹûݵǿ˭ʱö֪Ʋ⣬ҲлصľҶˡ֯ϮǿĻݣҲֻպյҲơ
ڤǾãҲпľҶˣͱǸȵȴôɽ¶ˮˮľһһʹģʽһóݡ
Ȼ̻ǹע޵ϢȽ϶һ㣬̵֮࣬Ҫھ̽ˡҲǶѪߵĺ֢ʱ޷޼ǾԲܾôŲʵġ
źǣ״ʵΣβ̴޼ҫȴòʲôʵı״ʲô鶼ҪڤҲʵ
Ȼ˵ûʲôգҲֻˡ
ϧˣʲô¶ľҶΪӹ
ˣҲָֻһʲôž֮ɳ
̿ԣڤ³ʮɵĶսƣǸǲŹ£ҲһǿĶ֣д۵̽˲֪ĳʮҲδܹսʤ֮
Щ飬ֻеľҶ֪飬ҲҲ޼¡ˣ࣬İעⲻҪⱩ¶ľҶŭ岻̫ã


420 
ΪѧʦԼһӵʦܹĸ̿нֻҪܹսʤԵĶֵĻкܴĿԻӭͷײϡ
СӣĶֽʤϣܴȻͻȮڣǰĵλáҪܹսʤĻͬŮ־ˡ
˵ˮľϣһʤʵԼҲûϸ˭νֻ֮սμ̿Ժջ񣬲ԼҪҪƼǳΪ̵ݡ
ڿȮڣսʤСӣϣеģŮ־˵ĿԾͺܵˡȻҲǾԵģ֮䣬һ˾ûз̵Ļˡ
еļ϶Ϣĸˣһ߲ʳˮ֣һ̿Ե顣
ˮľʦҵĵһֻ˭
һغϾֿٴһȮڣͷһĹǰݣеĽſ֪ûôĳҲûкö١
Ķ֣ˮľ֮ĻСӣɣǸɰŮ߲Ƕ֡ҽˮõòŶкãǵͲˡ
һߣɳ־ս˵еᣬУ˾ǿַġ˵Ǻ֣ûֵĻˡ
СӣȮڣЩɾһ̿ԣܶ˹ս£ҽõúܺã൱ǰЩʱչֳҲһоͷŵ
ܹӮˮľʦɲܺ˱˰ȻСӣĵӣҲѧ
ˮľЦЦ˵֪ʲô̷ҿɲᣬﲻʲôæ
漰ϱԼںϵˮľûоƽʱҲֻһЩսеСָһȮڣˮľ֡
˵Сӣóʲô֮ģ
̰˰˵ףսʤҪʵڵı֣ƺеˡ
УȮڣ˵
Ȼô֣ʵЩҲԸ㡣
Ѿ¶ĻͲض˵ˣ䶨ˡ治õģڵСӣûʲôõóֵǿ⣬ҪǸĻǿɾҪСˡ
սҲǶ֣ȮڣЩš
ˮľҲû̫ϸĽͣ˶ٽ˵෢ԼơͳǶһ̷ĹЧʲߣҪһúܲҡ಻СӣϾˡСӣ㣬ֻҪСһ㣬жһģʤĻ᲻С
ƺƷӳȮڣҲлʤͿսУ˭ܹﳤ̣ܶȻ˭ֵܼøˡ
ߵս˲Ϣ䣬ʤǿİòǿߣܶúͨûʲô𣬱ˣҪһ
ʱˮļ̌ͷ˿ɫȻתͷѧ˵͵ɣǿɻˡҲҪעݽϣһ£ˡ
˵꣬ѧǵķӦʧĴС

ʵңվʦְˮľͻȻֳΡ
ôβĲûУ
ûа취Ӱؼӣ޴֣Ҳ֪ûûзֵļֶΡ
β޲̫ˣֻҪ춯һᾪ֪統̴ȡ
ڲ˵ЩʲôãҲûᣬֻҪܽ뿪ľҶ壬еǰ취
ʱһˮľӰٴγ֡
ˣɫƺǵˡ
ˮľͷͳһƵľ޴˹ȥ
βϬȮĲ֣Ҿûκ˵ע⡣
βߵλòҵ֪֮⣬ˮľҲһֱڹע³ʲô⡣Ȼβ޵Ĳ뷨ô;Ū֣ҹζࡣ
һȱȫеκεİˣԣˮľҲ;˺ƽĿԡ
ɷ˵ֱӿģʽƷȻָһβ޲ߣҪΪ׳β޻ɱˮľһҪ׽ϬȮƿˡ
⣬õϢǱķʱûҵβ䡣ƺǰʱʲôʣǿУβҲûҵǸαװɮ˵̫ˡ
βľӦûȫӦβޣϧҲڵء
˵ҲˣֵһβغסβϬȮβʱһᡣҲˡڹؼôܵƵļ


421 ֮ʦ
ֻǼ򵥵شβ޲һʵǾ͹ˡ
ȻҪαװôȻһ˲С
ô죿ȻԼˡĸܹðΣΪԼȡ˵Ŀ¡ҲСû㹻ƿصĻŶӡ¹ʾͲˡ
͵ʲôβ޲β¡β޻
չ¶β޲⣬ԼķǿĲԱ֤䲻ʧءβºͰβ޻ͳΧˡ
˵ףӰģɽկȱ廹ǲ˲١
һֱûʹģʽģΪĲĻ÷עڵβ޲Ա˵Ӱ춼ܴ󣬼ĸԼĸ֪ԷӰ͸ˡ
ϾķʽӰѾһңܵβ޲ĸţƽرƽԼȻγΪѡΣ̫ʵҲ̫
ǣˮľȻֶοɲֹһ֣һӴԽ֮ʼʹԼϵĶǾӡ
õӡ֮оҲȡ˲ٵĳɹ۴ԼĲࡣٳڵĸֶ֮󣬺ľֻһǿӡĹؼһЩϸ֦ĩڵС£һЩƽԼȫԷĵ
ˮľóķǣ־֪Ȼ壬תȫƼʩɽկ֮ӡܹļƵѹġ
ˮľ汾֮ӡɾͲ̺Ķˡǰˮľ־¶ȻҲһЩԼԺ˵õϵ˽
֮ӡͿʱڵȻĶѡ
ʱעһЩβ޲Ļ컯֮ȫôȻƱػᱻβ޲׳Ķʳ
ˣ׳󱬷β޲᱾ܵ磬β޲ԽԽ࣬β¡β޻ʵ֡ڷӡ֮еķ־֮ͨӡĲһ̣ˡ
ˮľ˼ã߷սֶΣԲһʱ쿪ġ֮ǰҰ޺͵ϴնУˮľʹģʽսһβغסǶͷɶεʱܵغײӰ죬β޲ߵ¹ʣҪĽ
һΣǱĳδ֪ı죬һķǲοһε¹ʡȻһξǿսˡ
ȻȫƻԶ٣ҲԳǿսΪڻ뼦ˡʹȻʧصķգһҲڳܵķΧ֮ڡ
ͦãûԹҪҸῴǲôá
֮̿Ҹʵһ¡˵һҪұڳУ˲Ҳܿ
ף

Щʱ򣬲֮ڵشϷϢԶȿĹҪŨö࣬ĴͲһƬǳˣҰ裬ľҲٴ̹ǡ
߿ɽˮĵ̰СΪһͨˮݵּڣѩصĹɲȥԼ׷һܾͻ׷尵ϡʱַĻȽ׷ԼƣںıܸոմһˮݣͱɱڵˡּĻó˵ء
ΪߣȻȫβ޻Զ˺Ұޣǿöˣٽβ޵Ĳǲġ
ڴˣŲľĺһһεϷˣİ׷ߡ
Ȼôõú࣬ʱ䳤ԺʱҲڵҲܲ
еɹ̫ûз֣ˮһԹ˳΢紵ĲˣؿߣԼԽԽˡ
ƣһòƲ˷⿿֮ͻȻһ𣬵ȵ߷ֲԵʱѾˡո۾һӰͻأĳԼǰû˵òһεȭͺԼԵľʹڵϲϵطˡ
֪ŻľʹҪܣµͻȻһڴֵʯһ㽫Լá
ʲôˣ
д󺧵ſѹƣβϬȮĲʼӿɫĲʼð⡣
Ͱˣ̫ãΪľ䡭㻹Ǵأ
ǰ仰Զ仰ͻأس߲Զ


422 Ի
µٶȴĲУ߼Ϊȡ
ǰϮߣɫ裬һ˫ɫͫףڽ붢Լʱ򣬾޴ѹȸԼǳš
Ǳǿ͵Ϯ˼ΪĴ֮УҲûͣβ޲ıֻҪƬ֮󣬾޴Լѱ
棡
β޻Ϊǿ󣬵Ҳͨ߶ԵġԸβ޻ˮľ˵Ҫһۡǰβ޻ˮľҲ˵׾ٵȡʤڶԸǲ͸˷̫Ĳ֮󣬺һβ޽̫鷳ˡ
ڱˮľ͵Ϯ֣뷭̣Ǿ̫Сˮľˡ
ķ˸ֱߵĸڲŵУɫβ޲û˿þͱơŻŽʸеķӣӿβ޲ҲΪ֮һ͡
ӡףԼζ׶༪ˣûôĸ֣㵽˭
Ҫķӡʦͱץȥˣ˵ӵĻᶼС
ΣҲԲĶĲʼϵسŷӡ
·֪Σһ㣬βϬȮҲʼֵغӦߵĲˮľħơ
ߵĲϵسˮľķβҲԽԽͣʼʴˮľֱϵƤҡεĳβֳΡ
ʵ㣡
ˮľüͷӴϵͬʱԶƽʱȵ̴β޲ķ߰ʵʵ
ԭβ޲һ㣬ˣʧ
ôܣ߲شУ㵽ʲô
졣㲻״˻ôصĺģʵʵˮľ¾ˣеһץסߵĲӣһ˵
ûʲôԼȡˮľصͷַٴӣΣյԤ߲塣
Ƭ֮һӡһźɫӿۿԼѡ
ţɱģ
һץסβһεβ޲䲻ҶȻһһ㣬ɫĲȻתһУذͬʱһβ޲׵ĸѿ
ûݣҲûʬ⾡ٻʹ֮УýշЧҲ
Դõշһ쿪ʼˮľβоųƲǵķӡ֪ԼҪβ޴򽻵ˮľһ½շǲ紫һβޣڿҲ鴫
̬޹ؽҪʹͷʩչˮľе뷨
Ҳͷʩչزءʨӷ֮ɷëǧͬӵһͷ׷ˮľȻҲֱͨˮĸļ־ƽ֮ԻЧֱӾͽһչģʽˡ
ʹø͡ľɽͻܱһĵкͻԾὫ;ϵԭԭʵ̬չֳô
񣬿ΪˮľܵЩصӰѾСˡʵʱһЩҲ޹ؽҪ˵ҲṩһЩܡ
ˮĸļϾʹģʽ䣬һͷɫʩý飬һʱͱˮľõ˽շ棬Чƺϵĺá
ֽҲˮľȻʧЦ粻ˮĸԼͨޡ̫ܲ᲻ˣҲǲܡ
ԭУɵԭˮľϧԽŪ˴ҩ䷽֮󣬺ȥܹǿĻˣԭ
νġ֮ӡȻֻǸЦżЩһЩʵҲܲͱȽշӡȻβ޲ģʵƵĵ
Ǹĺö
ˮľʹýշһβϬȮʹĲҽУæڡˮľɿסߺ֣һѰ丹ӡȱڴӡٴתѸٵֺϣˮľ򿪵ȱѸٱϣĴӵβ޲Ҳ֮ʧ
һ߿ţһþĿ⿴ˮľ
ҪţûʲôΣָһβ޲߻ûʲôӰ죬ʵøº͵ֶεģֻ㲻ͬ⣬ܾˡ
Ŀ¶ļһΪһţ
ڶ壬ˮľҲ£Ҳֻ߼ɽկġ֯װٴγˡ


423 ˳ֶΪ
ŷ߷߲ƽߣˮľЦЦûж˵ʲôԷƺƶˮľɱԼֻǶԸո鵽ûΣЩ׼
ˮľó׼õƵʱӡᣬڶԷƤӵ½βϬȮĲպá
ʰ֮ˮľԭĺߺѼֻǿŶԷ޻ת֮ƵԼˮľҲʹ˺ͶԷĴ㡣
Ƴһ۲ܶߣһŵĳڸղŵĳͻѾմȾ˲ѪϺͲ׵˺ҲƽʱŵȻ޴档
ʲôģôҪ侲һ±ȽϺá̫ҵƿڵĹɲʲô¡
֪ʲô
ˮľҡҡͷڶԷȵпٽӡһᣬǰһƬʰ쵵ĺģߵ˫ۣ֪о뵽õξУϡʦԼ̵ʵػӡ
ô֪ǼٵģҲصǸֵʱ򰡣
ûϷ˯Ʒ˺޷֮ˮľ⿪޻ת֮ߵ½һ˦ͽڲԶСۼһˮϳ֮ˮϣƮȥ
ڣˮ²̫ͣӦö㣬ڵβϢڣƮҲ֮ڡ
û̫Σգˮľ֪һΧûʲô֮ҲͲڶˣһתӰ˲ʧ˸򶷵ĺۼ֮⣬ĽҰĵطӺܾö˹ˡ

̽ûһطʱľҶô֡Ҫ̽綨һĵĻôʾʲô֮ĳǱ
ֻ֣ȻʱãսҿʱʵʵڵǾ˵̡
һһͨ˽ľҶ壬İõؽߵı밲ã߶ȻʱѲڽͷάˮе㲻Ӧ
ôˣˮľӳʲô𣿡
ˮľǰȺζؿ˺þãЩԵĻճѯʵ
ûʲôȿţе뿪һᣡ
˵ԼĿǰ֮أǼӵİһһҶԼӵЧ˱ϣĹ۲죬˻˴ˮľֱѰͻƿڵĿܡԣʵˮľܵļزܣЩܵĵز
£ˮľȻҲʵʵʲôһͷһֵļߣֻҪʩСƣƭЩʵԶˮľİ
˸ᣬˮľ˻֮봨֮߾һصСɽУˮľķѾȺʱˡ
׼𣿡û̫ķϻˮľֱӽ⡣
ȻӡѾúˣġ
ˮľͷ
ʼɣ
Ѷһóһܣҩȫע䵽һֱ۵ѪСȻˮľŵؿ仯
ӡԴѪ޽籬ʱȻһøֳɵزĺԼʵ¼ͰŪѡ鷳ֻڲĵƽ⣬жԲͬƵ˵ӦŻ
ȻˣˮľǾԲʩӡֶĵķʽġ
ȻûŪ֮Ͳʬת֮ǣԼ־עӡ֮󣬻κεųЧӦÿϣңһǿͱϵ
ЧӡǼѱģ䲻壬ӡھ־УǿƷӡɾ
ǣˮľķûֻ꣬һŴ־Ӱڿ壬ԣ˴һĨӡѶҪСö࣬Ҳʹӡʹ⣬Ҳ޷ء
һӡʹ࣬ܰʹ趼޷ݣļ尾
ķұۣϵص֮ӡӵٶȡͬͬԴĲƵЧ൱ġ
˵ٴˣûꡭ
վ˵ۣҲӲʱܻܵģ
ԷıԹˮľûж˵ʲôĿӡԷӰ졣
ӡӣƺЩ
ǰӡʱȫһƺܵ谭
Ӧʹð׾ϸĳϸ滻ڵϸ֮Ľӣۼ壬ųһ֣ȫϡ
Ĵ̽սУͼʹӡԸ׾ֻж̶̵Ƭ̣ӡͱֿˣûʲôЧ


424 ƽ
ǺˮľԭĲ²࣬ͬԴʵһЩͻҪһĻͨȻŦϵҲǲܡ
Ĵ̽սУ˾ͬʱģʽ;βģʽȻҲӵ˵˲ͬԴ֮ĳͻûоβϣͬʱʹս̬ܡ
Դصĳϸİ׾ϸе쳣ͨһЩֶΣвַӦˮľıͷϣһ㵹ǲ⡣
Դֲ޵ĳϸ֮ˮľûʹùӡȻҲûве⡣
һʹģʽսһβغףȻҲͬʱʹβ޲ӡʱһƬңȫʧˣΪο
ںһֱʹģʽûжԱȣҲûзеĲͬǵһνӴӡķֳ˶ֲĿԡ
ģʽʹõʱӰ쾫״̬嶼һЩǱĬĸı䣿
ĴĿӰϸʱòʱоһ˺ϸЩǰȻⷽĲ²⣬һֱ̫æˡڿҪעһⷽ⡭
۲һ֮󣬱ԽоһЩ
۵Щܲ˵ķû˵ڱʲôˣϽʩӷаӡҪֲסˡ
šˮľͷ÷ǰʩȻЩԣǲ׾ԶžӡϮ
ȻˣɽկôܺһЩĿԣӵĥˣЧȶ
аӡұϱ£ӵǿƹߵķؿʼƿӡȻӡ
ӡ鲼ȫ컯Чؿʼֳ
ô仯
ӡ׶εı仯ʵʵ˾ȣʵǿʬѪ޽类ǿΪֲĵزɷֹѾĽˣжֵĹͯ裬ôֱ۶սļӳҲܿɹۡҲвߡ
˾ȵĻǲԲԼд۵ļǿҲˣһִķ̫Ľˡ
ˮľΰθһ㣬ǿһٶ֮⣬Ժ˫ǵͻ𣬾Ҳûзʲôرı仯ˣһ˫˫ۣòƴ˲Ĺ۲ҹû̫ĺô
仯̫Сܹӡǿֻ˵ǵǱҲˡ
ӡֶǸõĻȷʵʵԽǿǱԽЧԽԡǱƽӹ֮ЧѲ˵ޣҲѹֲӡĴʲˡ
⻹ֲ˳ϸ֮Ľ˴ʧ
˰ɣһѪķɣΪʲô˲Ǳ
֮ӡȶ֮󣬷һ
̶ֳȣҪԭˮľҲǿһر̵ˮƽˡ
֮е飬ƽߵļˡˮľϸؼһ·壬ƺûʲô쳣ȻԸһβغ׵Ĳʼɡ
ף
䣬ĳطķӡ˲飬һ˿β޲ʼתӭײŰȻ
ָоѶȺôβ޲޷
Ƭ֮䣬ԶԶԤơ
Ҫβ޲ɷչֻ֮ӡˡ
˵ӡ΢ܵӰĻβ޲̫ԵˣҪЩΪѡ
ӡڱ״̬İβ޻˫صѹʹ÷ܻѹ̫ˡ
ˣѹƲסˡ
ط־ֻͨĲЩ黹
ãβ޲ʴӡʼ͸ˡ
ͣ°ɣ
ˮľ˫ֽӡͲµĽ翪ʼã˷ȻĽӴһᣬԭӿĳɫˣʧڷڡȻӡ𲽽֮ųƽϢ
оô
ڵϵķϵشŴˮľǰ֮ûзʲô̫˺
ӡβ޲࣬Ҫһ㣬ҾҪһˡ
β޲ʴЧӡҪǿһβķӡԣѷӡӡڷӡЧܺãⲿϮЧҪܶˡ
ӿ϶УĽܿβ޽帴ļƷ
ͨӰĲ㣬Ҳ޲ȻˣҿԿģʽ֮ʹӰɽկǣΪѡ
޷άֺͲģֻܿʹΥԼĳԡ


425 ʱ
Լ޷Ҳðž޴ķƵʹģʽһάֵľҪˡ
ԭʵӣ˼άĲڴԣֻһǣؼڱӡӰ
ӱ˵һ˶㲻ϣֻһӰݵĿܡʽ˵еʹ˿ƿܵĳɰ֮Ыԭϲܴ
ӰֻһŲۺ壬ȲѪˣƿҲ˵Ŀ¡壬ųⷴӦΪǿңֻͬͬԴˮľԼĿ¡ʩУҲ϶žַʽٿܵĿܡ
ĸԴӰĲ̫ͨԶԶȲȻβ޲
ҷô
ԭ˳飬û뵽ô⡣
ˮľҡҡͷ˵϶ǲģԲݡ
ɽկĸ־䱾ϰθߵĿܣӰϾֻӰ治־
ԭѾãɽկиһоٳûнչ¿⣬Ҳܲ㡣ӵɵ˼άܵƵķĺѵá
ǰ鷳״ˮľ˼֮󣬳˵ʱڻǽ⿪ʱ̣ΪһʱѪ뷨ıȶļƻʣ
Ѿֵβ޲׼ô죿
ãβޣлҲʵռ
ʵ˵ˮľôоչһδۣתضҲ
֮ӡҪô
Ȼʱ޷ʵ֣ô֮ӡþʹۿۡ
ˮľ˵ɣȻβ޲̫ԵʱãǾԡԽϵ쳣Ի
÷ӡ֤ˮľǰƲ⣬ӡȷʵԻ־ϵʵ̬һͷ۵ʹշˮľͲԼƲûд󣻵ȵһֻξ޴ǰһƬصʱ̫Ҳɽˡ
Һòë׵ģֻ׳˲٣ȻĻ̫ˡ
ӡ΢һ½ǣӡʱĲƣ֮⣬ûзʲô׵ĵط
ʽʵǿһЩͨޣͱѻ߾ӥ֮࣬²ˣҲһӡ컯÷
ٿɣǲҵʵͨ޲ס
ĿǰΪֹˮĸ;̫ܲõûӦ֣һҪǷӵĴͨ޲ˣ
ܾƺʲôⱻˣȴҲͷ
˿ɫ
߰ɣûȥˡ

Ѫɫ磬ؿΧֹ½ľĴƮ裬ճѹֵϢѹԼҪˡ
Ҳ˻ô⵽
ԭһƬճξһաԼΧһжֳһƣ綼ˣǴĿĺϼƲƮ
ڷ֮䣬һԶĳ˽һ㣬Ҫϸȴ
ã̯˫֣˿ϼӳյƤ·嶼ҪڻΧϢһ
֪˶ãһҫ۵ĺƾճ֣ԽԽ࣬һγһ޴ĹǰմճҺı棬ֵǣ˫ţ̬ͬβҡΡ
⣬ڵĹ
Ȼ֪֪һԼĶڣǵһؿ޴Ĺ𾪲ѡ
ô£
ԭСһһβϬȮ״ﴫ˳ӣⲻֶΣǸҵĲǿġ
Ťŷ˶ͷ­βϬȮ˿ΧĻ
ԭֻ˳ڱܵ춯û뵽Ȼѵһľռ䡣
˵꣬عͷϬȮŽСߡ
ϽѹɣȻĻҪҵĶʳˡ
ȫľΪеβ־Ͳǵܹģ֮ȫûкƽĿԣ
Ҫɱ𣿡߾ʵ
ʱû㣬Ҳûʲôá
жٻβϬȮԸҲһɢߴߣʵҲ
ֻǣ޷Լܵ磬ҪǴʱ̫ã־ᱻҵľˢɰ׳գʱ˭ҲȲˡ
ʲô


426 
βӴǼй¶һҲһͨ߳Բ˶ˡҪǵôӦڵβͱɥʧҵֲˡ
֪˻ҪǲɱҵĻΪʲôĲҽѹ
̫βϬȮдų˵еĻô򵥵ķƽġԼȻǿƬռ䣬۾ǸϽоҵϢɣȻĻŲѵʱˣ
ǸʲôôΣգҵ׸ô
֪
ˮľʹõϷ˯磬ԭûҪ˺ߣӦ̫鷳ֻ˯һѡǣĵˮľһ㣬ξϷ˯磬ʵǶԶʹõĴΧϷ˯֮µģߣбӡڵβϬȮ
Ϸ˯粻ȺҶҲЧģβǲļ壬ȻҲϷ˯ʩ
ˮľֶΪĻȻûǿβϬȮҲеĳ̶ȣؼǣܵе㲻βûκεֿϷ˯ŶӴĲ
Щβޣôȥպߵξ飬ɾͲô״ˡ
βϬȮãȻ޴˵ߵȼĻֱԾĴԶЩͨͨĽֶܹӦ˵ġҪٶȿһ㣬ҿɲһôˡ
ĸڣβ˵ʱ䲻̫˭Ըôۡ޼ֵ
ֱȫ־βޣͲµ˵ľҪʩӰ죬ҲͲдּĻУϷ˯绹ǲ˵㣬οͲΪ˶Ըβ޲ſĻ͡
βϬȮȻߣԼһʱεľصġ
һ̫ǿֱѹһƫƫߵܵؾһҪβٽһ㣬һģͲ鷳Ĵ֮С̫ǿβޣ΢һ£пܽߵľֱ飬ԼԺҲ󳾱
޲ߵ˼֮ȻҲİ취ֻˮݺ˼Щ鷳顣ʵɲȴ˷ʱ䣬ԼˣԼľĪı仯һֵϵԼľĴŰ
ûõļһˣɱ˷ҵĲ
һʼβϬȮףԼ޵ܹĿ΢΢ǣôʹԼҲǺԸֻϧ״ƵѡֻԼˡ
סʹɣҵĲ⣬ԺҶ
βϬȮ˵꣬һβӰӴѳƮһƬãȻߣڲʧ
Щ㲻״߿Լ˫֣ƺղŵǻþһֻΧԭܵϢڸоûʲôˣֵǣԭԲβϬȮǶ˺þûԶһ
Ϊ֮ҪǳʲôͱҶˣ
˵֮β忪ʼϢҲڸߡ
ƽ˾ĺϣһս˷ˣʻǰ֮ĺϡͷļװϣһڽе顣ȫϸŸĺ桢Լˮ£Ƿ
ͻȻԶһӴĲע⣬Լĸ֪ӹȥʱ򣬰ĸоһɺ˵Ϣڲ¶ԴͷȴһƯˮϵˡ
࣬ʲô£о߳ѯʵ
һᣬЩڤҲ棬֪ԶǹɲĲ
ðϸĿһᣬȻ˵ӣƺˣ
ǵˣѵߣ
ڤЩȣû뵽ôɣȻӵ
²˳٣ϽȥɡôõĻᣬӵ̫ϧˡ
һ֮ӵؽϵжڼװϣ˰ĿˮӰڤֵĿŻԲѵߣԭֲβϢѾʧǰֻʣһʪˡ
ô£ࣿڤɫѿʵ
յȻǺ£쳣״˭Ҳ㲻ûΣա
ûзʲôףβϬȮȵشڷӡ棬Ҳûʲôصƣƺֻƣ͹ȣ˯̫ˡ


427 ֮ǰ
Ĵ𰸣Χ˶Ϊ֮һ㶡
ڤʵ˯ˣǲǻӰ죿
޷жϡҡҡͷҵƻ÷ǳãǶԻ˽ʵ㲻Ͼͨ
Թˣ
ͷ˵вҲĺۼҲκ˻ļҪôûκΣգҪôǻҲ޷ʶƵĵز
ڤеĵ˵ƭ۵Ļܣô˵ûʲôΣˡ
ûóӡߣ޷ϸڵ״
ڤ֮˵࣬Ȼشӣý£ȻٸϹһϣ
ǣûкʵ˻ˮӰˣҪΣô죿
ڤŵһЦôҲ̴Ӱ̽жܹвңһܹǡñϵļ̫ˡ
Щ໹Ҫ˵ڤڰطԸ˵һᾡг̣ҲҪӿٶȣȥأ
ףȻˮӰ˾Ҳֻˣ౳޷Ӧߣһ´ϣķ񱼡
ڤʧˮ֮һۺߵķ֮תص˴ա
Ȼ֪һλֽ߱Ƶزô˵ܹ˳ػβ˻Ǿģ
һʱ䣬ڤеѹǿ֪һһӣԼˮӰϵսָܹóĸ̫ˡʱβعĽֹǹսҪǰս붯ģ

ľҶ壬ʰʵʧܵ飬ˮľصҵʱѾ׼ˡʱһֱٳŵСҲرơˮľЩʱҲٳȶĲ֮󣬾иʱһˣż÷һ͵Ҳû˹ܡ
˵еĹһӣʵҲֻǺܿϧ̽ûзƽôʱӡȵʱ䳤ˣв״ҰļҪȡ档
ʱƣתůԽԽ֮ļҲʼתټĵһУһ룬ǻ˼ͥľΣϼʢķ˾֤Ҫ׾ݵٳһʱ䣬ˮľеʵĿҪͣˡ
ţˮľˣľҶ
ô죿ˮľһ߳һ˵Ҳɣ
мʣֻҪֵĴĹӡϵʿ϶ټϲϵƣҽҲܲ
˵ǰأ
ţǺ£龢϶ǲģǰֻǱѹסԣ˽СһѧͻᣬϲҲ
СЩοЦû뵽ǸСŮҲܳΪʽߣѧУÿ걻̭ѧ֪ж١
ʵݲţӲӶ
֮һ˵ļֵͶϺüˣһˣӰսıϡ
˵ǵСҲһء
ʲôҲҪΪӰҲ˵Ҳ˭Ժ˭Ͱ˭ſ¡
ӰҲ룡
СЦһûˮľĻϣЩӴڼô飬Ҳ˲ٵ뵱ϻӰҪĿɲʵ
˵أǵŮɱǸ߶ˣ
ʹѪ޽ʣټǿ߸ĸϤĽ̵һƽ߲֪Ҫöٱ
δ飬˭˵׼˵ǵŮԵ߲ȤһͨҲ˵
ȷʵ˵̫˵㣡
ʱ䣬˭֪δʲôһС˵Ͳľҹˣ

ʱúܿ죬ڽŵУ֮Ķ̿ǰ쵽ľҶ壬ˮľڲԶŹֵһǣľҶߵд£߽׼õľǽӴģԳɰ˹꣬ȫǱСӽ֣Ƕӳš
ǰһ죬ĿˮӰڤŴӷ糾͵ĸϵľҶ壬ӴͱģǾڶСӺͶӳϴ춹
ΪŵһСӶӳˮľر䣬ֻҪڶ쿼Ի᳡ά밲ˡֻǣԼŻճ͹ɼˮôõЭشŰСһͬ
ǰһ֪ٿŵ˯žĿ֮չʾʵĻǺٵģ̳ĵһսõĻ̿ˣ


428 泡
̿Եʼӣ˵˿ﵹҲšľҶֻҪϾˣ϶ȥ᳡̽ѵһʢЩҲòľҶ̽ĺ
ʹӰӰûҲǹעһ̿ԣΪǶĿ̨᳡Ŀȫûˣ廹ҪμӿԵġ
Ů߿³òŵģɫٶĵʹսΪס
ǰĦ˷ǳˡʤһٶȣĵ˵Ӧñȿ³ǿʵսȴ·硣ԭڰĦǹڱ۵뷨Լ˼ά״̬ܷӳȫʵͱܡ
Ǻúù۲һ˵սֿգͺúúĿǿҲҪӶ𣿡
֪ˡ
³ƽĦƺЩĲɡ
½½ԽԽˡΪάĸˣˮľվڿ̨棬ȵع۲Ƿпɵ
ˮľĸ֪֮£δ֪ĲѶ飬ֻ̫ˣָС鷳ҲˮľɲЩëƤС£Ըճ͹ɼˮȥˣӦøݽ겵ƿش֣һЩֶûеִʵ˷ʱ䡣
ȴʱһãˮľͲԾعǷ죬˵鷳£ˮľȻϣԽԽá
һᣬľˮľߴ˸к
Ҫˣ
ǰʱˡ
һβͬһľǹ̨İȫͨˮľҪܵĵطˡ
ôˣһ̿ţбҪôôˣ۾ˡ
ոһڴ˯
ݽ
ˮľν˵
غİôûԽԽ࣬ܲˡ
ˣԺִ˺ˮӰ֣Ҫӹܰˡ
ĵʱ򣬻᳡棬ɽҶʮˣվųһеĿ棬ɽҶԸʲôӦڽܿԵĹ֮ࡣ
ʱ䵽ˣҲҪȥˣ㣬ʲô飬ʱԮ
֪ˣİɣ
ʵʱˮľţû˸ҵģȻĻ˭ָƼĳ¡
鷳ķһЩ㲻״ƽֳ¶ˣֻҪԸ⣬㼸߶ܽѹµ̫ĻһΧĻܽȫŵ
Ի֮Ϊ׵Ĺǽ᳡ĿӰֺĿˮӰڤ٣̨ϯ̨£ӸµĿһС
׼Ҳ˵ʱߵЧʿʼֳûκӣɽҶʾ˸֮̿ϾͿʼˡ
һľҶ̴Ұӣɰ˵ıϾҪʼˡ

ŮߵĶԾʵôˡ˼ûʲôҲǼӵܣûʲô˲ĴСΨһעĿģǴҰӣָĴľҲûʲôˡ
ʼ֮ҲȷʵԤ֮ûʲô̫Ծ
йоصһһ۵ĸ񶷣ʵ˷ζ
£ҰӣŶԼµŮߣֵ֮̽ѾˡԷֵҽͲԼĶ֣ȻǾͲ˷̫ˡ
ĴҰӣ˫΢٣ɫᣬĹâʼ֡
ҰӣʼҲҴ⣬΢˽ӡ
ҽˮݡˮ룡
Өˮ˫ۻۣγǰ֫״У͸Ͳеơ
е㿴ͷˡ
˿ʼչСӣҲη壬ǰ˫ۣŮɰɱýڽںˣҲδȫֵСӣĹʱڼϰľڵһЩСӣʵѾִҽֿܹˡ
УҲĳ˵ֻʱ⡣
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άֵȻԼڷǳľأҲûоʹ˷뷨ȻܳԼҽˮݡˮûбɳ־սĻ˵ܹһ֮ǰĸһȡʤҰӣģԼӦñȶԷһ꣬ҪռƵġ
ܿϧǣ˵뷨ȻʵĲȴһСֶξֲ˵ġ


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ֿʼʱ䣬Сӣ̾˶ԷĴ㣬֪ȥûʲôϾ˲˫ȭͽָ񶷵ļһǰֻȭֱȡؿڡ
Ұӣıս˱øӽӭȭͷоݵĹ״˫н滤ס塣ϧ˴ĵ͹СӣȭͷһɾȻûлԼķԼҲܲס޴ĳˡ
ôôΣҾҪֲסˡ
ϵı仯˷ǳΪѣָҪ̥ˡ
δŵ˻ûعҪսپСӣѾٴ˽ǰ಻׷ǲսµĴ򷨣æҵ˻æĻ赶УȴҰӣܲ˵ػȭˣĿɿڴУΪ̵ҽˮݡˮγɵ˫ֱӱ飬޿赲ȭ˵ļ򣬽õɶˡ
һĴҰӣûͣٴγǰأһǱȳȥͷٴαػУڵʮ֮ͣ
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ȭͷһĨɫĲһţ͸׵ˣڼҵսûעЩϸڣֱڲףԼΪʲôôǱ
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รǾ˵㻹ûΪľҶɳļı֣˵ΪĵܵǲŻˢһ´ڸУ
ˮľƵɣǲЩ졣
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430 
ǰûôˮľǲǲãĿŵؽɱ־ŲأǵԼǲֹˮ顣
ǣ㹻ʸӴ֯ܵ˾ôܹ˵ϼ仰ԽԽˣԴս֮ǲԼҲ֪ʲôǿεġһ㻹ǿȷģ־Ųزɿ
ҿôƺΪ˵Լǲȷϡ
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Ŀǰ֯Ѿ֪һββ֮⣬βλβѾȷϣֻʱ׼׽βӣҲ޷ȷڵءݲ
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431 ˫
ͨĳʮɿŴǲҴ߲֮̾޹ĿǰΪֹ˵ıֻйоأڵ̽˭ҲûռϷ硣
ʵĶԾÿ̨ϵĹڿҲȽٱһƵսҪÿˡ
ȻһСֶκβ㣡
ԳʮɵʵԤҲ֪ʹ˼ȡʤĿԲ׵ƽ⣬Ҳǲܽܡ
ҿҪˡ
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׶׵ĳΣķչ򣡡
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ֱУǲüͷ΢壬ٴγʮɣһ߲ѰһͶ｣ͼųʮɵġ
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޴ĳʮۿųμԼСֻû˫ϵؽն𡣻Եֵĳȴʹʧıըóʮڿʧȥƽ⣬Բŵƴӿˤ·ƴǲڵԼ


432 ɴ
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CݵҲܳԼǲرߣʹ׶ѾʱĥԼĲ;ôȥĻܾͻսˡͲܹܵˣһỹҪԸҪ̫࣬ȲԼҪ군ˡ
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ǲ׼뿪Ҳתͷ۲һܲľҶߣ˳ȥ
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ˮľɵӰ߳᳡һѹ᳡ľƣϲ㿴̨ľ˸֮Լת͸ȥ
ԶľͷʾףһЩ֮󣬺ؿһҲβ

һͨŮӣһҪǿߣĸӪŹģС̾ߵ꣬˵ʲôߺ壬ҲǸԣ֮ң丸ҲСľҶֻ̣Щ국˴ӵϲ顣
һ̿ɰ־ϵĲҰԼ̿ģһκͬ󱲵ĶԾԼԼżǰ


433 
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֮£̫ԸܻһЩӰ졣ǳﻹ޷˵վϾֻܶԵԼʱĿѡʦлѴʱԼθ磬Щⶼܹ֪ԼûʲôʤİգҲҪսһ̣ĵ׵ĽֻеģͿܹˡ
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߲ͨ̾ͨ顢Ϊʱռ죬ֻҪ־Լͣʵһ൱Ļ֣ԶԺܶ͵γѹƣ൱ܻӭŶߡ
ͬӵܹʤ죬ʵϵѹƣܹţʵΪ
ǳͲԶˣûôûѧ죬ҲȭԿƣûԶ̹͵ߣŷݶܽ
ʱˮľ֪ʤСˡʱѾ̿ˣŬϾܽе顣ܹƽһеǣڻֻǵѶѡ
ĿǰĳȭһĻ۽׶ΣپһɱḶ́ʵͻߣӮ죬Ҫֻܼϣڶִˡ
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ͼȷ˵ȳУ˫ƾճϣرƽ˳˫Ƶײڶ˵ǷǳˣֻȭûǰһѤЧҲϿеա
ȭѾ̹ܶˣôӦҲкܶĵã֮̽󣬿ٺ˵˫գٴó޴ľᣬʱռֿĸ첻ҪǮһ̾ߵĹ̡

̯ľг־޴ͻ棬Ѹٵ
̾ߣҲĳַʽ棬սʱʱųȥ˷ӵʩ̣ҪŵǿԽԼ
ԻĹֻú˶ܣȭҲѪ֮Լʵʱֵ̫ܵǿٺƶĳͼӲչϧոհڳȭļƣһƬ｣ͶٴϮԼĽ

ĿƺͷӦ覴ãǲûвȵֶΣӾٻĸָİ淢ŷ䣬ųʹȭĽࡣæҵػŰ˲ȭͷ䰵֪֮䣬ҲʧȥսȨ
İϮջûܱȫֵʱ｣ӷͻơѳƤȻû˵ҪսӰҲޣ˴ˣҲǺ鷳飬ʹǾⲻ˵ġ
ˮľѧϰôʱսûܵõˮľָ̫㣬ǾһҲģ֪ԼܽĻûʤĻᣬҲֻðһˡ
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ܲĳֻͣ£˫·ɣһǽһ㽫İȫ䡣
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434 Ϯ
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ܵﻹǻʤ죬ҪһЩơսˮľûԽ޴ҵȥæƲأֻܵһƤˣԼӴþͲӰսҲûʲôΣգ˲ѪҷǳǱʵûʲô󰭣̿ûʲôˣҽߴͿˣྲָһ¾ûˡ
֮󣬽κܽıˡ˵̴ܹǿߵľУͨǰֽѾˣ¶飬嶼Ľѣ̭ѾΪӵЦ
׵ķͲˣҲֻܼþգν̭ѾˣҪٲ֪ˣǾͳ̿ķΧˡ
ǰûкܽԤѡУҲ޷ӡȻԼ൱İտԻʤǶδֵ֪ĽʹԼδɥʧҪľġֻǣԼӿ̨£ߵʱһǸЦеŮѾԼ档
ÿ죡
Ȼ֪ԼٶȲǶ֣ǽܵʱһֲĸ٣ʵڲöԸ
СЩ΢Ľ֣صؿź޷Ķ֡
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ܽȻЩ֣ҲףڵԼ̴棬ܹΪ
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ÿһʹĲСȭһξɱĻᣬһμȭֹܽûκ׼ͻȻ֮;ΧĿһͣ־ٶˡƬ̵ͣ٣γûǰθȭĪƻܽϣ˫ֽʵʵеĴУ΢Щɡ
ȭ˺ֹǶ޴ƻнĵѨ˶ڲֵ̱ͨķ˾ġ
ϧǣεȻôã̿ԣж
β޲ȻʴҲ˲ĻָԵһֶκ䷢ãڵΣܽϵ£Ǻѳ׷β޲ġ
ȭܽξȵУµվԼӻ֮β޲ͳ˱Ѩ
ôܣ
ֳԤƵǿҲǳ⡣
Ҫɻʤǲˡ
˵ʹβǳѵĻܽѾ൱ˣβǱŰβޣܽദҲǢй¶һܽ൱顣
ĻغϽˣڵ˰ɡܽղűδеĵطһЩʹȻ˵
ղűúأܲܽҲЩˡһƬڱۣһ͸ᣬԶһܾͿòǺεİǰ޴Ρ
Ҫ
΢΢񶯣ϸ΢εİͻȻʧٴγֵʱѾǰ󾪵λĻȴһƬӰڰ۵ĸ֪УͻأسԼ
죡ιϵʹǿֶΡ
˫תĲеĹͨ˵ǾԷҲǴţʹԶǿֱӻƣ޷˺ʹûˣֹһֶȷʵ
źǣܽͨôöԸڻһ̾ѸԶݣʱ򣬻λعؿھӭһϥǵĳٴľ޴α򵹷ɶأҪǼʱʹòһ߹ǿܶҪˡ
ţó֪ˣҿǷǳóϮսม
ĨһǵѪɫ԰׵վɴ˰ۣضŲԶŮߡ
缲һٶȣѾָܹˣʤһȿʦĿǰչ¶ٶȻҪ졣
µٶȴľ޴ƣεһᵽ˱ͬѹƵı


435 ʤ
սĹ̺εԤܴû뵽Լ·磬°ǰ˻ܣԼҲûм˵뷨ս֮еʤǶֵĳһسθߵʱʱʹˡ
ΪӦͬߣش󵽿ܽݺ۳ңûа취ٶȵˣΪϷˣĶ
ҲףԼҪǲʲôĻֻʱ⡣
Ҫ˵ʤĻᣬеģβ޲Ͼҩҩʱƻǿ̱ܽģҲ⡣
ΰУԿԷڵ״ѨӦ÷ӲˣȭʮɵƲûȫʧһ˫нֻܵк󻼵ʱֶΡ
ֻжʱǿĹһô
ʮţڱһʱĴŵ
Իָһ֮սٴα˸ܽգ֮ε࣬׼ΰת˫ֽ滤ǰס˴Ųıȡ
žһ죬˳ķжƲ˵ܽٴǰֱߣһŲߣֱָĿڡ
ʯ֮䣬ηⲿӲĳһţһѪֹס
ǿؿڵʹץסܽջصСȣֱΪָӽ׿ʼϵصڸѨλƬ֮䣬ŵϥȫƻȻٴαƣóȫͻСȵϣֻĹ졣
Ȳ˵ܽҽһҽڿգ͵ϣ޴ɷ׺ͣ
ܵӰ죬ܽҲ˳Ƶڵϡ
˻˵Ĵ򷨣
ˮľЦһ̿ǶסˣĿ֮£˭Ҳʾ
β˷ʱҡҡλεվ׼ŶȲʧȥжʱһ˵ʤԼšµļѪð׷ˡ
ķչǳ˴ҵԤϡ
ɣ
𾪵ؿƯڰеܽϸϴ
ֹܼӿٶȣһĿԷС
ߣȻǲȱְҵ
ɵߵжôټһӶûһ˾յߣһ߸߿ջ衣
߻ôͷͨʵַ롣
ˮľҲֻϴıըܿɵķС
Դؼܽȷʵǳߵ
˫۾ս˵̰ɣ
ȵʹδ˼æ¶ҲȲѣ˫ŵĿƶʱûˣ¶ԸͨĶ֣Ϊ
۾ϹӰɡ
۷֮
еŮߴӿ³۷εķЩ۷ۼܹԶԷжҲԷֵߣԸ֪ϵߣҲвĸЧ
죡
ε״ѾܲˣԹԲ
ϧε̴ˡ۷۲ûб쵯Ϊתõǣ֮Ȼд۷Ʈϡ
ЩٶۣӦʹĸܶòˣЧô
ǵˣƮ۷ۻס˸ߡ
£ûôײ׽ҵж˰ɡܽͳЯļöޣż𱬷
ȭԿƣ
һŸǿȸܶȵĲ۷г֣ܽؿڣеŮ߻ûӦͱԵ¡
ʱһӰ۷ܽķȥ
ȭٶƣ
ڵܽУ˫趯ӰһǽһɽӡԼϡһٶƴ꣬ܽ䵽ϣȫദشһʱ̿޷жˡ
۷ڲסҵߣ㿴ҵĶ
ֻҪΰڳȭļƣܽͻٳķλʩ̫󣬸޷Сܽȴɥʧ˱ҪĶȫûӳٶȵơ
ʤߣΡ
Ӯˡ
̨ϵĻŵŻǺˡһҲԼڵϿű˽һΣԼվš
ʤúܾգֻ侳ԼŸܵõǸΪǿļһֻս鲻ѣ˵Էû桭
ɽҶкҽСӽһΣˮľһ֡
̽áתͷ˵еأĿѪڣúôĻΣաȻʲôĵطҪӲš
˵꣬ɽҶͷʾһ£Եܽһ˲ʧ


436 ȷ
ڵ׺ƵۣȻе죬ǡ֯Աһ͵ĻʵǷǳġ
ҪǴܣе㲻ˣȻĳڸǰƮݣʧȥԭƵʸУȫʾĸĴֵǡ
ǰɱӴܵǲ͸ޣ׷ŵؿľˮľ
ҪٶȵĻʹģʽˮľؿľ졣ǣûˮľͿ˲׷յһѾ̹ˣûˮľʹ÷ӡϸ첲ֶ˵ġ˵պкܶ෽ԵǼܹ֮֮٣̫ΣգһСˣתҲ
һ׷սҪˡ
ۿԽԽԶ׷ϵϣҲԽԽãˡ
ʵҲǲܽܣҲûʲôʧõȥݣеȥҪǴӣָ˭ύ
ⳡͻҪΪεʱǰͻȻ֮ıʡ
ݡǱڣ
һǽƾ赲ǲ͸ǰĲ
֧ԮȻܹǰ沼壬ܵ
ʵˮľ˵ǣһû£÷õʱʧ˶Ҫ˲鷳ϸӸԼܡ
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ǡߡ
ཻܶͬţľǲİ
ˮľЦһ֪Щϲǵļһ
˵ĸɴԶľҶһ˵Ԥϡ
ȳУתٽӡϮ̣˲ӿ³˴ˮ
ˮ岨
ӿˮ纣һʮ׸ߵľ˳ˮľͿ˹
ι̶ֳȵĲô
λҪˣҲҪСม˵ŵˮľʼʩչûѧõݡӳ֮
ԭһڵ°й۲ͨʱ򣬶ڵ±ܹˮĳǺܲġ
ľؿһۣ¶һĪı顣
ݡն֮
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ܴ󣬵ǲУΣ಻ϵĳ޷
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һ˽һ˵Ĳ˲ϵسˢת۽ɼΧڶһˮ£˶ˮľͿֻпںˮϾ
ͬʱǲҲûпɫӿʹòܺһþͻ£ͽߴʵǽҳһ󶴡
ߣ
˵꣬ǲͨʱĳǽĸ޿˿û׷ϣҲ˳ȥ
һûдʧΪǿû
šǲӦһعͷһۣա
֮䣬פǽڵĻ棬һᣬͽǽһ¶صĺɫǽ
ΪҶû뵽Ҳ޴˵Ц˵ʱ۾ǲõ̫Ƶˣ֧ŵס
ҪǲסɫѪҺۣƽ˵кܳʱڣ
˵Ҳǣ֯ıֺܲβûץͽȻңڣǮҲû׬٣˵Գְ
˭֪أ

һߣSܵļ֪Լֻǽߣ͵˶Żһصͺ˵ĺ׻ǽҲֻͽκΡ
ʵ͵˶սؿľˮľˮ³ֵʱҲԺǰѾӵõǵ֮Ϊ
ǲǸûȥˣ
ˮľνóӡٴռһպסⶫûʲôã˵ʲôʱˣ̽ǧٹֵѪ޽ô࣬ԼΪʱ򣬷ŷŻҲǲѡ
ȥɡľҲͬˮľĽ顣
˶ɱͬգ۵ĺˣûдҲã˵Լ־ˣٵ鷳ǻ¡
ʣµģðɡ
Ŀǰӵıս׷ɱ̵ģ̿Բͷȴ£ֻҪ⣬Ժ˵

̿Ի᳡һȽƫƧϢڣԵŮܽڲϣˮľոջ˸Ů߸֡
βĲˣ
Ҳ˰ɡ
Эķʧµˮľ֣ͲúõĽ硭


437 ǿ
β޲ӱϿʵֻ࣬ƫе졣ββбȽº͵ˣԶβôŰҲһβױ
׼ļˮľѸٵؽβŪ֡
ڿΣյĳ˱ϵβ֮⣬βܽˡ
ڸղܽսĹУСŮֹһαβ޲ѾУֻҪ֪΢һ㣬ܲǹɲĲͬѰ
鷳һȺĿļһ
ֻҪ飬ͲѵóŮĽۣʵ̴Ϊǵ˽ΣյĵˣȴܿҪ̽еΣ
ȥ֮泳µٴδ˽鿴һû¶ʲôѱ֮ˮľƿ˳ȥ
һߵİڽѰͬ飬ˮľ֮󣬿첽ӭ
ȱ˷ʣˮľ˵棬Լȥɡ
̵ͷлȻȥ鿴ܽ״
ôûʲôɣ
İأΪûиоβ޲ıҲǺܽš
İɣûˡˮľڴûʲô£ǸϽ뿪һǰ˵ʲôʱͳˡ
ûж˵ʲôͷ߽ϢҲ鿴ܽȥˡ
ˮľתȣٴγֵؿ̨ϣԼڵְ
βܽ˱ȡһβ޲֮⣬ˮľҲ˳һŮƣҲûʲôˡ
£ˮľȽϹעİǿսһѾʼˡ
һˮľԴĵӣһǲ¼ѧҲ֪˭ܹӱ
һִγľҶ̣ȫսˣպյ̽ǿ
Ůɰ˺ĳֵǲ⣬ĳʮɶܵúƢǲʤķڷʵϵѹȷʵȫλġ
ǰͲ˭ʤ˭ˣû̵ıԼҲֻǿֶѡ
ľҶǿƣһľҶĻ۲ѡȥԺҪȰȰǸһͻ˽Ӱһˣâǲѡ
ɰ̷壬û̫ĸпɰ;̿ˣȫ浹ľҶѾû̫ʤ֮ˣܹһ˵¶Ѿ֮ϲˡ
̨ؿԾԾԵĿ³ͰĦ
Ȼʵģ˵ĶֱַǲΣľҶǿλˡ
£ҲֻܼϣǶʮɺ̫ܽࡢһʱԻָ
Ȼ壬ôǼߵøԶҲǲܡ
ȮڣЩؿŲԶĴҰӣ
ˮľͽʱЩӦԴӼʶ˼ˮľʵ֮󣬶Щ޼ɵԴʦݹٶʥְҵҲôĵ½һ˿Īľη
ҰԵֱˮľʦ治Ĵ֮ǰʦϦպ첻ͬˮľʦͲһЩϸ֦ĩڵС¡
΢ĺǻѭѭյȰǸˮľУһʽѧУޡ
ˮľϣȮڣôԼǿͶ֮ѣνġŮкܡϦպûеģǱϵĲͬ
ʵǿ̣ӦǸӣرֳԼ־
ΪˣȮڣʮֺ棬Сʱİ޹ҰӣôˮľѡΪӵģֱСӣһŻȻ
ԭصԸ֣ܵˮľʦӰ죿
ЩС⣬ҪǣлչʾԼǿƵһˡ
һֱϦպ컹ˮľŮ־˿Сӵͷ졣ճϸҲóˮľ־˵ӣҲһšǿϲõЩҸ֤һ£Լ˲
Ľ֮
嶯ûκγɣϿսģʽԼսĽŲ
ȻˮľƫеǶ۹̵൱صġ
ܺСӣؼٶȷʵԼǿͳĬ൱̿ٽһġ
ĳ֮̽Ȯڣȿʼ
˷
СȴȮ裬֮£˺Լһģһս߽ǰٱ任ŷλԭؾĴҰӣ
սװսʿôһսҪܳʱˡ
һ˶Уǲô׵֣໥Ƶ£Ϳ˭ȷˣ


438 ѭ
һʱ䣬ҩʦܲá
ԭ򲢲ӣΪˮľĽ׳˴ҲǴԼΪƺ¼ɡĲ죬ԼԤƺõĵ·Խϰ
ģʽԼƻҪһû뵽ؼĲϳ⡣
һ
ˮľĽףԼ˴
ˣԼȥݺݵһҲԹñˡ
ԼҪĶ󲿷ֶõˣҲȡĽӹû뵽ˮľڹؼһ֡
β޲Ĳܸ㵽֣
ҩʦĿǰʵ̴϶ǲ򲻹˵ҲҵõǸʺţ
ԣ֮ǰ̴βҲ֮٣С̴壬ף˵пɳ֮
û뵽ˮľȻ˻
ߵĴʵ棬ðβţĽ֯ṩβ޲Ǵ趼ʮֿصıҩʦͲ֡
תӡ֮ĽΪԼҪеоֱʩ֣Ե⡣
漰βֶ֣Ҫˡ
õˮľ汾ģʽз֮޼ƿʩ֮£βҲʧˣҩʦòʼھǱЧԵӡҩʦۡ
͵֮䣬๲ͨɺϡˮľӡҩʦҲӡĻᡣ
ֻϧҩʦˮľԼѾӡİأȻ޷ĨĺۼԼ־滻֮ӡ棬޷Լİȫɿӡ
ԭеҩʦֲϸ֮ǰҩʦģʽʡƣͶҩʦԼ֪ȻģʽĿܣǱȻ¡
ûûаȫɿصӡģʽ˻Ҳǿ룬ӡҲûпɿĻ
һѭƽĹؼβ޲ֻҪ֮ӡһЩѶӭж⡭
Ҫģʽǿмдۣǲò˵尡
ֻǣ׸ʲôˮľȡҪβ޲ҩʦҲ׼˵Լϵ׻ʲôˮľܹۡ
ʬתͰ֮ô
Լ϶ûʲôöˣֻܹڴ취ȻⲢһ׵飡

Ұӣͷð麹ǱصֵȮڣͳ˫ϮǲŤתһȵľ棬ʵҲʵʱ
ȽϿõĲĻСӣΪȮڣ
ǿкĲ޷ƵĻҲûκô
ȮڣزοˮľĽ飬ظСӣطӣսϵԼóĽ࣡
ĲҲô¿ˣ
СΧʹòܣʹСӣȮڣв
ȻʦѧֻҪпܣ仯
ڰ˰ߣﲻԼģȭͰ㹻ߵسɳԣòˮľָֻţһˮľ̸һЩõҽŮ־ԼҪ󣬴ˮľѧһֲķӡͽҲСջȮڣĻһԴˮľ˵ʱ仯̬仯ķչǰ֮ԼͶһʮġϰҴͬʱҲŽʱ仯̬仯ԼĹ֮С
ȮڣˮľУƫΪ˵ˡ
ˮľԼѾˣԼܹ֡
ȮڣңֻԣȮڣɫͲʣ˲Ҫܹʤˡ
Ȯڣڲ̬仯ʱ仯¹ˮľȻҲûб뷨ֻҪѧˮľǾṩ
ڣȮڣʹʱƵһݵϢ乥øӿ٣Ҳ˲ֹһ
ͨ
תӰγ̬ϵĲʱ仯Ⱦ˵ɫ·ɫĲͳȥ
ҵײƵľ죬ܱ漴˳
ƣֳʤô
̨ϵĹڶ̽Դɴ۾·ļս
̿ΪյһˣӿʼڻûͣЪʱ̡
̳УѸݵӰȳ˳ȮڣȮ衣һ̲ͣһһȮҲòͣһ
Զ̳ɢ¶˰ڵصĴҰӣǱԲ˵Ӳû̫ܵص˺Ч൱ġ


439 ʧ
ݵļЪȮڣŴҰӣЩƣôûнѹ壬һŮǳϡ
׼ٽʱȴСӣʼӡˡ
Ӱ֮
ҸӰСӣ࣬ĸӰѸٵؽΧм䣬ڳһϷصļơ
ˣ
õˮľصͷԼƣ䷢ӳɲס
ҰӣĻѾ¶һˣԸˣٴЧˡ
ֿտĳûʲôãСӣûˮľһܹٵزء
ոѾ֤ˣȮڣռϷ硣һ˵Ĵ̿սСӣʩչĻᡣͳ轻湥ҲûʲôСӣԡ
жҲСӣóģҽֻǸֶΣǿ˵ʤɱﵡ
ȻˣСӣҲûлᡣΪϢĴڣСӣʹõĲԶԶȮڣġôҪô޴ƣ
ѾΪСӣ̽˵·ʲôӰܸ֮СӣģȮڣսĹؼԼĲȮڣӲסܱѰս
ͲϢϢأǲȫͬȮڣʹҰӣռеһơﳤ̣ܶǽʤĹؼ
ͨĿǰȮڣͳܹʹõĹˣ崫жȻֵóƵĵطУѸ٣ûֱеˣתĲҲܸɱˡ
Ψһ㣬ܾǿЩתǰͳ趼ѸݶֵĶʱ΢ķʹͨĹЧʲߡ
ˣһҪע⡣ͳĬԺܺõػ©ǣȮϾ־ͨޣֻҪ־бƵĿܡ
ȻˣڵĴҰӣ޷ץסȮڣһ㲻ġܹԼسӰ֮ƣѾ㹻ˡ
ĸӰϱ壬ѹ˶֡
ӦĻСӣҲòƣڱķˡֻҪдӦԵĻᣬԼʵֵܳķӳ
ô죿
Ȯڣͳ迴ŰںüƵĴҰӣеͷ۵ؿһģһӰ
Ӱ֮Ȯڣ̫Ŀˣһ̿˵ʱ鷳͸Լ̵ӡ
ˮľϴʦʱ򣬲ֹһεչ¶Ӱ׿ʲô̶ȡˮľĵӴҰӣӰʹӦҲȥӦԵĵһ
һǱ壿ȶԸһ
Ƶƣ˲ıЩʧ˷ִ磬嶯ʧȥ侲ͱ¶ˡ
ˣ裬׼ãһ𹥻
Ѿ˲һʱˣĲٴҰӣ˹
ͨ
ƵǷǳ㣬ЧޡɨȮڣӹΧһӰ䲻ݷ֮䣬СӣķһƶȮڣĹһ򽻲ĳҲûлĿꡣ
ХĳȮڣûзͣЪصתٴγԴĴҰӣһεȻϴһޣ׷ȴûдκˡ
ô£
Ӷգǰ״̫ˣ˵Ŀ꣬Ӧ߶
ЩͷԵȮڣʱͣ˺ĹƣϸŴҰӣʲô
Ľ֮˷ЧԼ츳ʹüΪӾȻûôԣҲԶͨˡ
ʲô˿ߣѵǿ
Сӣһͱ֮䣬͸ϸߣϸ۲Ļͷֲˡ
ԿȮڣİͱݹǶôֶˣϲҰѾ˵ˡ
ˮľʦȻ
·ֵĴʦȮڣѾᵽ䡰Ŷաԣû뵽ǵ͹١
ҲԲݻˣҲ̫˰ɣ
ˣ໥ӡһĵȫǲͬ
͵ϮǿûˣôͻϮҲ㲻˫۾Ĺ۲죡
һˣȮڣ˲õԤС
ѵҪ䣿
˼ҡҡͷ½עǰı档
ʤѷ֣
ˮľЦҡҡͷȮڣûץסȻȡʤȨȫԼˡʱƣԽԽԵǿĹֶΣŶôܴҲȦɵ㡣
̨УҪͻسҪоֲֶܶȱ㡣ʱ򣬿ûжΪԼĶ̰©ȱˡ
봺ҰӣĽ֮ʤͺˣȮڣȻ̷ûŤתܾ֡


440 ʤ
Կ˿ΪɵӰͣһʧݵȮڣƴȫҲܹһӰġ
ô仯СӣĻ˲̬ʱ仯ĲܡܲܶеĹȮڣûвزֻҪܹ֤һʣܹСӣĵĲǳ
˵Сӣı廹һԵĻӰƲܣǱ³ܹܳǿһֱڣСӣûпԳڴڵʵ
ĿǰĻСӣԳܵķΧ֮ڣӰ򱬣ٷֳһˡֻҪ㹻ȮڣγѹƣͿȻʤˡ
յĽҲûгˮľԤƣƣɱȮڣֱĹ⣬Ҳû̽Ұӣļޣ֮䣬СӣЭͬӰȭĳ͵ڲԶϵس鴤ˡ
ˡ
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Ҳ˵֧ȨĹ۵ǶԵģֶֻζԵɡ

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Ȯڣ̨֮Ϲۿıˮľ֮ЩرԹһԵҲе㲻˼ֹ
û¾ͺã´Ŭɣ
ˮľתͷ۲һ£ѾˣľؿڲԶһ߿һߵ̷Ź֮еĿ


446 
ĦʣĿҲǻӰ֮ʣĶˡϣһҲǳˮƽˣһҲȡʤϣֻǺܿϧεʵȷʵʤһ״̫Ҳһ
ѸݵԼնǰûӳ̫ãܶôεĹһһ£Сٶ࣬ڰǰҲ
ٶȺҲǰĦǿûܽﵽʱĳ̶ȡͨߵķڣһ㻹һ㣬ȭ˵Ǻܴ󣬻Ӧеͻ״
ѵҪˣ
һ뵽ĺԺֹҪ³ЦܻᱻȭᣬͲһ񺮡
ǰȫƾһ֧ţڣҪʵʱ򣬰ĦעС׺˼ëֿʼˣڱ۵뷨ٴӿͷ˼Խ࣬ϵĶҲ
ȭԿƣ
ҵսУݵƬ̵̳һУڰĦԺʱٴǰȭӵѨͣڰĦϣ˲ͽش
εĶȻȫ԰⿪ѨԲķ
һȭʱ򣬰ĦѾڵ϶ã޷յĳҲһߡ
һľҶܣǰʹ˱ľҶڲľˡ
ľҶǿƣ˵̽ûбǸˡɰҰޡ־ϺͿɾͺǿֻһɰ岻ὫҰɹμʲô̿ԣ־ϺͿΪ͵̣ɰʱ̣֮ǰͱΪˡ
̿Եѡʵûôǿʱ򣬻Ҫ󡣾ͱĳʮɺȥ֮ƹ˶þͻΪ̣ͬ״ĻİĦͿ³
ǰĵ̳Ϊ̵ĿԺܴ󣬵ҲǾԵģŮ־˻ܵҲܲͿֵľˡ
ǰǿ¯֮󣬻һݵڣ̵ĲޣΣսлһǶԸ״ȻûʲôˣԳʮɵʱͲ˲٣ҰӣȻҲһʵûʲôвҲǺȮڣսʱ˲ٲҲʲô⣻˵Ů־ˣٴһ˵ʱ򣬹ѡѸսȻҲ˺ܶ൱ģ״ѵεıҲǺ޻ᡣ
ЪҪϢһ棬һݵԭǣĴǿʼһЩʱ˵ϷˣǾĶϰ֮һĲ
ֹЩˣ̨ͨҲ˽µĶĲֻҪ̫֣ˮľҲùܡ̿ԣвˮ鷢ľҶ壬Ϊ϶ǲġ
Щִ˲ƣϷΪ˷ֹ⣬ľؿȥȥˡ
ļһϲ鷳ˮľмһڡ
µȻǫֻ̃ǰؽУֻҪӰ̴Ҳû˻ЩС¡
ΪʲôЩôĿ鱨ʲôѧԨԴʦʦкηսȵȣΪʱ׼ĳѡǰıǿ⣬Щ鱨̫٣òز֮󣬴״ˡ
ȮڣϸΧڵۣһЩ˽죬Щꡣ
ʲôһΣ˾ͶһȮڣЩرԹˮľʦҲ־˾ûлȡʤ𣿡
ˮľЦŴڶԼСӣڻЩ˵Ļ̫⡣һ㻹ҪϵģȷʵǿߵʤǱƴʵҪȻٰʲô̿ԣǼ̺ϼһ¾ˡ
ʤǳҪڼıҲҪĲοݡڵԣȮڣҪ̣Ҫúĥһ¡
֮׼׵һҪʼˡ
Ұӣӵؿǰǲû뵽Ҫ̿սˡֻҪһ·ӮȥǱȻ飬ֱڲѾˡ
㣬̫ˡǲ˵һֱѵ֪ûоȫȻҲ飬죬ϣоһ
ÿԽһĿ꣬ԼɹϲáȻ֪ԼúԶǸͬܵĽܹԼеĶûһ·ϵʤУԼͱĳ޸ˡ
ˡСӣͷҲһֱһ졭


447 
űʽʼ̨ϵҲҶ۾ؿ澫ʵı
ݡ֮
ǲĻݣԤʾսһʼͽȻ֪֪׵ˣûбҪٽ˷Ͳ̽ˣ
зСӣһߺˣһǰܡȻûбݴУǾҵıըʯɽԼ˵ĳҲܹɲС˺
ݵڻ׹һ˲ͼٵ£ŻβӰת۾ͳСӣֵ绡Сӣ󱳡
֪ΣյСӣתƬܳ·ϡ
ֻϧԵĲܣǧ׵֮½֧Ƭ̾ͱƣٴСӣӡ
һƵײǧСӣĺ󱳣Сӣûк˰벽ԭһתԲȭбϣصشߴȭǧδܾȫϹ۵ûзֻǽ÷ˣ֮Ѫ
СӣҲǧУȻǺأ׵еЧСӣٶƬ̡
ͬʱ󱳵˿ڴһ䶯ۿɼٶȿϡ
ҪСӣҲӲ׶ݶݵĿƣǿʹԲ仯ΪԼȭֻϧǵ͹׶ݶݵƣûһȭش֣ͬʱ׶ݵЧҲԼͷۣһƴĵĴδܳɹ
ָվʱСӣѾõòˡһײ˫ƽɫ
ģٴοʼ֡
Ӱ֮
СӣٴμʺԼӰ࣬ǷΧڵС
СӣʹøķȮڣͬǲֹٶȸ죬ó׶ݣóݵԼѹ̫ˣӰٶ࣬ҲֻǻᱻƵİӣṩ̫İʹСΧĿӦ׶ݵĹǧǹǧǧڻܳʮɵʱѾùˣٶȼ죬ƻ޴׶ݣʵ̫ѷˡ
Ӱ
üͷоЩˡ
ӰԲİ˾õֹһκ鷳Ͼ˶ĴֲãˮľԶԶ¶˿ȵģʦˮľСӣȻҲѧһ˿裬֮ǰȮڣͰһ֮¡
ɲֶѷȮڣʼʩҲô׵ġ
תۼۿ֮Уʺдٴθ֣Ķ̬֮£ڶ༸˫۾Ҳд۵Ķ֡
˫гֵߴߴٴ쳹
ֳˣδ̵ĳ߶סĹ
ĹڿʼΪȲʣǿ󣬶ЧرԵȷʵʮ˵ʵȦҲʵ顣
ŶԴСӣʼˣ壬ܹɴдۣһһӲ۾СӣӦ֮ǰͼƵеֵǧʮ룬СӣӰ䡣
ԷǧǧĸСӣӰͬʱȭǰ͵ǰϣ֮£СӣǰһŴ׳̣סǧǧбǰ죬˹ȥ
ֶΣǲοݡض֮ʹòݵĹʽԭС˲٣ʤʹǳʺСӣս
˫֮д۵Ĺתʯ֮䣬ӭ̣˳Ťת壬Ȼǰ죬ǧֱӻݵȥƲֱȥ
ǧֱ˰
ͻȻƱڳֵСӣ̾Ĺɲ֮ͣ䣬ӰΪġĿ֮͡£ǧУسСӣ
ٶȴСӣǿɱһСӣ֣ģӭײ˼۶ǧ
һҵıը𣬴ŴĿǿ⣬ڱ˵Ӱ
ǿ˭Ӯˣ
ӦɣôǿĹǸŮ߲֪ûУ
ӦòɣϾֻһ̿ԣòƴɣ
̨ϣ˽סشľɫһݡ

˺֮ѾԼ͸Խ뿪Ժ󰲾һʱ䣬û뵽СӣҲһʡĵŮӡ
Ѱˣ
Ƭ֮󣬳ﵽӰͬʱɶأСĴҰӣڵϷʮײǱͣҲûкõȥֻһ˿к˼֮˳Ƽշ䱸׼׷СӣӰ޹
ɣ˴һ


448 
ǾԲϴġ
ΨһԼǰƨĸ߼
̬仯ļ£ʱ仯еѣ¾ӣѾ൱ˣͻǧҪǿ֡
ĴĿӰʱѾȥ꣬Ҳ⣬ҲѾþû˼ˡֻƺһСǣڼҵսУмܹոշʲô󲿷ֻǿ֣֪һߣľΪĴĿӰѧΣյ̸Сӣ
ֻп˼һˮľķ
Ҫô
ΪѵͷЩε̾˿
ʲôܣ֪ԭҲһеҲûУ˽ѧҲδֻˮľǣôر¶ȴһûС
̽ûаȨ˵ģҪܹѧ˵ı¡ǣһЩɢǿɾͲһСˣ漰̽һЩͳĽɡ
һЩ֮⣬ߺٽɫɵˣ崫СʦͽУһЩɻġ
ϵĽ϶УԼ׳ɵĹػǴڵģһֺˮľֵȫͬĵ¹ۡ
˵ˣˮľ͵ѧģϲ̨档ԼҲˣܽȫԼ˽⴫ǵˣܻΪɵԴɵ⴫һЩصԴᷢɱ
ˮľ֮裬ûô鷳ֻǽڵѡҪرעˣĴĿӰһϵص˵Ĳ
޼ɵļһЩ̽Ǳ·ߵʯͷ˳۾һ߿ô
˵ҰӣҲǿѧѡҲǲС
ڶͶĿҲû̫ıʾĬȻؿı
ǵʼٸˮľˣ͵ʲôûһ⡣
ѧϰжѣˮľǲʲôĵطΨһ鷳Ǻо｣Ľ豾ĹҲˣҲ൱õA
ֻһ㲻ãǧһеҪһʹúѡ
ԭҰӣĲԺܲģϢټĲѧϰǶ˲١
ԺСӣûԸʱ仯ԼSͿԼ컯ˡ
ˮľСӣ뻹ϲȭȭͽ֣жķչˮľɲôá
սһѾʹ˴󲿷ֵʵˣֳʤûе
˼򵥵һͿԻֵܶ뷨תʼСӣʵĵѰϵ©
̾ߴһѷħ｣к£֮󣬻Ͽʱʹáͬʱǧ׵˳ųֵ֣棬һ绡ϵ֮˸
߽̾ϵǧУЩСɻǶû£
A׶ݵĲ棬ǧൽܹյļˣҪٶߣѾǼ򵥵оˡ
ǧеļӳ֮£ĵԵĲʵ̫ˡԭеֽһ㣬Ͳһ
Ϊķô
СӣɫһݣϾԼ
ݡìЧȻۿۣȻʧΪǿĹֶΣȫԲʧȥ˴󲿷ЧͨĲʱסеնҪӲӲĻԼ̫ԿˣٶĲ˷ѵġ
ˣӰ֮ɲֻСӣãʱоȫˡ
ۼ˫ֽӡһһģһֵСӣķΧƵԽԽС
ʹøӰսѾӻˣûˮľڵĿӰСɣ˺սԶ̵ֳĲΪ
Űǿֵ쾡£Сӣȫ·磬ҪƽʱľḻսΪϤ֮ˡ
ȻռϷ磬ҪѸٻʮСӣҪ취
׻ͨɱ
ǧ̬仯Ĺٴγ֣ĵ׵仯צȮֱ̬Сӣ塣
׻ͨɱжǿԺܺãұ֮Ͷ˾£صӰҧСӣļ
ɫĲܳ𣬵СӣǰȮ赲ɢһ˿˿ɢڿС
Сӣʵͨܵסն̬ķЧ˹һ޹


449 ֮
׻ͨɱû𵽺ܺõЧҲԤ֮ڣϾֻһCҲ䵱עն
Ȯɢ֮󣬽ϵӰǰֻӵͷ£һơ
ΣͷСӣ֣ɫĲٴγģѸٳͣȻ׹ҫķħ｣
粣˷̶˼Ϊܡ
Ƭ֮һıֻħ｣ںײжϳأƬɳȥԶ֮󣬷׷׵ڵϡ
Ӱžȵ񣬿ŵĵ޷ر谴ؿڡ
ԺҪúĥһ£ôһѺõˡ
ˮľһЦûͶǲȻòSˣÿһǼΪѵõģҪŪ൱ѡǧȷʵֻԷħ｣ͨʵ̾Ϊʩչý飬ںײУûܿס޴ĳ
ȻˣǱԶûнеӰһűѵ׵磬ѸݵɢСӣС
Բʱ仯Ӱ
ͻĹСӣûмʱ׵˺Ȼ̫󣬵ǶЧͼΪ鷳ˡ
Ĳ߻Ž·ɲŹûᣬٶޣת۾˳ǰСӣǰֱСӣز磬ֻǧСӣӰĸš
ʤһ֮䣬ۿСӣҪУڵжͻȻͣ
СӣӰܲƬСĿռ֮࣬Բʱ仯ĺϢĿص˴
ճĲ֮Уоȫһ㣬Ͷá
ֵķħ｣ѾڵϣֵǧҲͣͻıʣøоʤһЩʧ
׼õСӣɲŹûᡣ˫ȭؿڡ󱳡һӢûӹСӣĶ֡
ûһػб߻أôһ˿һĶȫزţǧҵر
ƴֶΣ׶ݵչֵ쾡£Űĵ绡˺Բܵķˣ޲ӵ׶ݻСӣӰҲ׵֮£ٻһδܼʱ׷
΢С©ʱץס֮ٶСӣĲúõ
Һþͨ׶ݣҪԵĶһ¾군ˡ
ûǧݡìӳµȭҪԼͻԲķҲÿ׶ݡ
ֻϧɢ˼һʹûü̫ãСӣһֹˡ
ƬƬӣǰ裬лԼϣΧľɫҲ֮ģõĳԶԼǰ
ԶԼɱеСӣҲûзϷ˯翪ʼδϾ˵ʱϡ
Ӯôʹ˵ڵϣСӣһ󻼵ûʧ׷ųĽĿ꣬һԼĽܣо
һߵɽҶҲǳ⣬Ȼ֪ҰӣҲǿΪˮľӣҲȥû뵽Ȼǿز
׼ʱͻȻüͷЩȵؿŵزͻȻ˶
ӡ
ͻȻֵıʣɽҶҲʮֽšˮľľ򽻵ܶӡȻǺ˽⣬Ҳ֪һƤëٿȷϣϵӡϴ춹ϵһģһʹйϵ
ߵĹҲĽĿɿڴû뵽ڵôػˡֵʼ˷ӦǮĶͽڱԹĥĥ䲻ɽҶҲΪǨŭĶ
ЩεɽҶľˮľƺЩԥûб̬ˮľǺܸɴҡҡͷʾû¡
׼ɽҶʾһ¸֣ʱǲɢһϺɫĹվ߲ӡѾӿȫ󲿷ֵط˺ɫƣԵ÷ǳ졣
۾ʱ򣬿ϧؿԭֻ˫дۣѾ

ɽҶ˾ϣʱǿжϵĻʵ޷ֻͣܿķչˡ
̨ϣСӣʹϷ˯ԸʱˮľһЩõԤУ뻹ĳ⡣
Ȼ֪Σյ̸СӣҪŪ¶ˣû뵽ôӦˡ


450 и
һͻˮľҲΪΣϷ˯翪֮˶ʹõ״漰һЩвޡͨޡ
ԴĲŶЧȴһЩ⡣ĿǰӡӰģڲľ£Ϸ˯УȻӡʼԾ˵ڲҵ״̬£ӡʽڵʶ壬ҲܵϷ˯Ӱ졣
һˣˮľ룬ʹ᲻Ὣڲˮźоε־ǰ˼棬Ȼڵľβ
ţβãѾùϷ˯ˣ
ǰβԼһ٣Ҳ֪ôˡ
ϣû°ɣ
Ϸ˯統Ȼûǿ󵽿ɱβ޵ĵزѱβϬȮô˻ʲôҪĳ⣬ǿɾ̫źˡ
Ҹʱһߵˣܲܰβץ֡
⣬ԹҲûãӦԲС
Ȼǰ֣ڲٿݽߣήҵ״̬£ӡԾĻѾܴˣϷ˯缤ơ
֮ӡ棬д־ȻʴȵȺ󻼣Ŀǰû̫вŶԡȻٵ鱨Ϣ󵼣ʹжϴ˺ܶ顣ǲɷϣΪ֮һ侫־ǼΪ͵ģô׳⡣
ӡô鷳Ķ

Ƭ֮ǰ֪Լ˻ǲϵתдۣͼѻӰ졣ֻǺܿϧϷ˯粢ʲôͨɫǰѣһУҪ⿪Ͳôˡ
ùξУԼһΪһֻΪ׵ԼŻЦĸֳھӡͬѧǸԼǶôĽ
һ֣ԹʶĻ棬ļȴԽԽʢ
֪˶ãͻȻһƬɫƲʣԽԽֱ࣬ڱգѹֵ֮£þͻȻ֮ʢӯžÿһƬռ䣬Լ֮䣬ԿһЩֵӰؿԼ
ǿдô
ƲЦЦڳЦԷ롢ҲԳԼñ졣
ھҪûǸʸʵɡ
ſطſ飬ƾ֮ڣһǿʼӿ֡
һ⣬ˡõҵ壬;԰ɣ
Ѫд˫ͫмؿЩĻ󲻸С֮ͽ

۾ʱԭЩʧصѾʼơ
ˣ
˵꣬¶΢ЦĻȣȻֿ̧˿ֱϵĺɫơ
ʵǾһеĻôֻҪøǿӡҲԱѱ
ʵߣԭһξͻʹ̡޷ƵӡѾʵؼˡ
ǴĻ뷨ʵҲûдӡΣղûôֻҪʵǿܹסǿʵĺֶΡ
ӡ˻ȻûľɽģʽʵļǿԣҲģʽһֻ֣Ǳֽ˼ͬͽ׶ζѡ
ϲðǹɲĲСӣЩǵ˵
㻹ô
ʱ䵣ң㻹ǺúôӮҰɡͻȻģ̿ԣԼһӮղһУҲĲСɣ֪ܲٴʹá
ڵԲۣǧٴθֻ֣һβ磬ǹڵת
ʵƽʧ˰ǿϧ
ٲӡҲ˻¶һβ͵β״̬˶Ƕ֣οڵֻսսʤ˵ǸǿСӣʹѾԭǿ˲٣ʵı仯ǺԽġ
һΣ׶ڵǧһڵףٶٴδߵдۣѾСӣĳֶοԵֵˡ
ųĲӰСӣ޷ֱ䷽λ͸ᷴˡ
Ҳȫûа취Ӧԣţγһǿ֪֪̽ϣֻҪͻСӣȡһ㷴Ӧʱ䣬ж죬֪ܲĴݡ
ͻȻö𱬷Ŀ޷Сӣæܣ¡죬̳ûɢȥ겻ɢǧǧٴСӣķ򣬼ƺߴСӣ
ôӰˣԭĲҲ˰
䶨¶ǱĴҰӣ


451 ˿
ԭǿƾеˣڴܾ˵ʱͻȻһʵʤûжˡ
Сӣ߾ȫֵҲ޼£ǰıѾ̫ĲļսѾԼΪƣˣϢȻṩ˴ĲҲ޵ġ
Сӣķزиɻʱǧ׹УҲڲͣطãЩһĲĴ󻧣
СӣһδαһδսϢṩĲʼݽߵʱҲֻεһ
գǲһʤԼͬ鴺ҰӣɽҶʱǲһ۱ҽ̧ĴҰӣȻӿ̨ΪԼȲʵȺĬĬ߽ȴĿ̨
ѾˣϢʱ򣬿һ۵Ů־˺δһ»˵Ȼ¿̨ʼ׼һ
һᣬҽߴӺ̨˹֮ͬ󣬿ʼһЩҪƣ󣬻һбȡá
ܵ
һӽ˽ȻȥŸɺԵĲʼָЩҲ΢ˡ
λŮ־ˣǿսʤĶ֣Լӣʱ϶޷ָˣԼһĶҲòȥ

ǲӡʱԶǧ֮һʵڣͻȻʵ˫֣ȤĿŸոմķ
оǺ춹ӱĲǱģӦɣʲô飬ȻԼ⿪ӡѰ
ֻҪûеĹ֮ӡᱻΪĸܹһ㣬ҲͲӡСˡ
ʲô𣿴ˣ
һʵֵҩʦʵ
Ц˼˻Ƶ˵
ҵҪͲסˣƿӦò̫Զˡ
ϲˣϾҪõдˡ
šͷ˿ʵƷĵ˵ŲǶһЩС߻û壿Ҫҵ£
ףˡ
ػشҩʦȴ˾ˡ
˷ˣԣӦ֪˵ʲôĿĵʲôӦûö֪
ҩʦĻش޷Ӧƺûһ㣬ϵʵ飬֮ԭЩʵ峹ױһߺʬ塣
ʧˣ
ժ˫ֵס
ˣⲻǼ򵥵ϸֲܽ͵󣡡
о־Ų¹⼲ϸѾһʱˡԭ貢ûʮģֻһһδĽУطЩϸĲͬѰ
ǰӴĳӰǧϸеƣһɲͬѰЩһƺһּӻĲ
¹⼲ϸԵؿԹ۲쵽ʣѾˡֵǣϸʱϸڿɹ۲ķѴ֮ڣʧԺԲƣô輫Ϊˡ
Լʮǰ͵õϸҲͲôżѰҳķˡβоô꣬ҲֻõһиõĲʬת
δ֪ŷͬһĵĴ裬ȫСע
ǰʱ䣬޺ǲȥľҶ壬˵ˣܶ˶˵Ҳģأ
Ӧˮľɣ
ҩʦͷð亹Щش
ͷʾͬ⣺ǸսҲȥ鿴ǳǿĻݣǲҲ·
⣬ЩͬѰ״Һ⣬һЩĺۼͨݣֻЧҾƺеϤ֪Щʲô𣿡
̫ˣûпսֳ˵

ϳβĪζĸЦҩʦͷƷ顣
֪ˣпնȥ̽һ鱨ڵ̽磬ȤԽԽˡ
˵꣬ת߳ʵҡ
ΪԼҪɱˡ
һѶͷ亹ҩʦסرԹˮľһﺦ˲ǳ
ͬʱľҶһصڣ־Ųȡµı档
βҲҪע⣬Ҫʱʡ
óܽһḻŮߣһܵĻٶȣû׷ֻвԹԵؽܱץˡ
֮̿ʱ׼жܹץ޻ãҲûйϵ


452 ˶
β޵˭޷ӵģӵоβľҶ壬һ֮ͿԳΪ̽ǿ
ʮǰβϮľҶʱǿľβһΪˣʧȥ˲ľβȻǿβޡ
ֻнβˣŻ֪Ŀ£Ų˳ڳԼռдۣΪľݺдۿ֧βޡβ޵ľҶ̽磬Ų롣
ʵһĿ꣬Ҫ¾ǵϻӰͲ׽βޡͬľҶոսʱɰ̲һβغ֮⣬ֻβȫľҶġ
ҪǳӰַָβޣάָƽ⣬ʱľҶȫͳ̽硣
ʵ֤ʧˣ̽ȻսҲݣôȻľҶɣ
ܴ첢ûŲؾʹ˷ȻǿŲأ㹻ıǮ̡
Ǳ߻ûϢô
ûУŲشˡ
ţӣȥɡ
ǱҲûʲôϢָˡȵ¶뿪֮Ųתһ˵ʵңֻһڳҺĲУƺʶ˽ˣ˫ۣЩϤˡ
˾ȵǣ˫УȻֻдۡ
˷Ϊõϣ㲻Ҫʧ
ŲյԴȫҩ֧£һ¡ֱ̫ˡԼֱϱлԵĳϸĸˣ׵ʱֲöдۣȻʮ۷ڵͣѵʱֻаңҲֻ־ŲֲںǮļһô˷ѣҪˮľôɵĻƲˡ
ҩңҲܹһоߵζ
ŲԼͲǵǸ徢ʮˣɥʧðյĵѡ԰ȫֶǿս
ظĿ¡ӡǿƣܡƵĲпѵֱֻ֪޸Ŀܾ͹ˡ
ôĴۣϣ㲻Ҫʧ
ϸд۵Ľϣ׻ʲôŲĿԴֻҪܿβޣֶζ޹ؽҪ

κŮ־˵ıڵڴлǺǿģ˶Ǽӵܣ֮£ֻŮ־˳˲Դ֮⣬ûʲôסξͲһˣȻ徭ƣҪǰһǲˡ
ҲܽƣȭǿܼĳȺĹҲλܲ͸˫ǰ޹ֶΣ͸Ϊ˰ˣ޷ƭεĹ۲졣
Ȼ˫ʵǿ̿ζһˡ־˲ϷȺȫأżʹû죬׼ðԿƸ־һС鷳
ⳡĵսУμֵ󣬲ΪŮ־̨Ծ״ʹòٳʦĴ󲿷ֶûʹá
εʵŲļֻ̫࣬ҪóȭսͲ˥Ů־˲ͬĶѺͼĻֱӹϵսųȺԽԽ٣ʱҲûа취ʱѹȫŮ־һˡĻ½һĳ̶ȣƵŮ־˲òʹսʱʤѾˡ
ιʹȭʮƣ־˴ڵ֮ɽҶλʤ
ǿϧټһͺˣοҲ첻ˡ
ͣشСиͬ־˼͵Ȯڣˣдź˵
Ҳˣ־˱ֵúܺã̿Ժܻܿ
ôҲ̣ܵ
ȮڣЩȡЩĽ˵
ˮľЦЦҲδһ£Ҫ֪ó׶ݵģ־˵Ŀ̫ˣ̫ҵĻ˵ۣ
Ļ廹̫ˣȻǿ󣬵޿ײ׵ǰһ׶ݣ˵ЩСһƬû־˺ʵ̫Կˡ
ҪĶԾҪˣм佫һʱ̵׼
ôೡκҪֲסˣϢʱ䣬רŵԱΪƲָս
ҪҪľУĿ֮·֧̫ˣһıǰ澫ʵĻô˵ȥ
ʷ̿ԣľҶҲûʲô顣ʮ˵ı̫ˣÿսִοãٶĻ̵ѹ̫ˡ


453 ȡ
£ҧһڣͿԸԭˡֻϵ֣µͨҽߣƺû뷨ӵ̽ǿҽԴҪһСŮ츳⣬ʵ̫ˡ
ľעȿ϶ǲһģͺˮľǰȭһȭ
ȻûĹǿԶ˵šʲôǿӰѧУǿˣǿ̵ȵȣһһƫƫǻǳˣᷢչϢըĲ֮ǰϿһİ˵;Ҳˡ
һһһıͷȷʵˡֻҲֻЩ֮ĴǰԿĴţֶζѣǿ̣Ҳʤ̡ôĵƣ֮ЩսûĹԺҪһ뵽ľľҶ巢񡣳ҫ֮⣬ܾ̿ˡ
սļЪ̨ϴҶŵ˭ǿµʵЩ졣
ˮľʦΪ˭Ӯ
Ȯڣζ࣬ĸˣ˭ҲΪԼͱȱ˲ʱ֮ģƫƫκôܾƨļһ￴ˡ
һԵҲĸμֻͣǸղԼͬ飬ʵЩΪѡڣﻹǱȽεġ
ˮľ˿Զϯֺ̨ڤûϯĵصһĿʼ
ӮˣӦɣ
ˮľƮƮ׳Լ
ʵϵĲಢ󣬵ȶԣսݴҪҪߵĶࡣ
ȭȻǿ󣬵ҲֻǵһֶΣһܾûֲĻˡ
ȻĽҪ˵ٳӡ
Ҫ˵ʤĿҪǿö࣬βûзӮɵԸֲҲܻܿӰĽ
ȮڣˮľĴ֮ƺЩֻ˵Ҫ֪ôͷ֪ʲôӣ
ҲЩź˵˲μ̿ԣ̫ϧˣ
˵ˣˮľҲһЩ飬ҲѺܴľ̵ˣһ⣬βܸ˸ǿĶȥУһΪҪԭΪ׷ıӰ̿еˣҲĶ֡
βܼ˵ĽȡģӦҲ൱ͷ۵飬ȻΪ˻ӰĿһֱѧǿ̿ĳ̶Ҳвġ̿лԾ鱨ˣ˵һЩ
ֻǶ˵̬ȣˮľһЩµ뷨ս˵δؾͲɻȱ
岻УӿԲۣ׾ھǲǲսʤǿǲߣҲδؾȫû취⣬ȱȻЩʧҲ޷ֲˮľսǺܺõĲ䡣
ؼҪ˺ʹݺݡӡͲľҹ¶Ͳľҹ飬˻ĺҵˣӵ֮ܶԸͲľҹһ㣬ˮľҲѸı䡣
һҪǶһҪǿ󵽿Խĳ̶ȣʹˡ
֮ȫ׼κǲǳˣΪͷϷҲǷǳء
ȫƾ˾ĵƣҲͨ貹˲ٲһʱľ˵϶ǲˡ
űʼźŴԭֵĿ̨ҲҶעŵϡ
ܽŮ־ˣʵαȽóԸ͡
ٶȺܿôҪ˵ǸŮȣСŶݼ׶졣
Ż𻨴һ·۳ҵβû̫ģϰ˺ӵгٶȵĸֽԸ͵ĵȻơ
΢΢ǰ㣬˫ǰָ̯ΪƣʱԷ״̬ۿȫԸع۲ΧĶʱͻϮ
ͻȻǰһ죬סһֱȭ΢΢һ񣬼䲻ݷصסһŲߡ΢΢ζ˳ƷͼһȴֻǻӰ
ȻܱҲûʲôСζԾ֮ԼԸٶֲźƴٶȺͷӦڶóĵطͱ˾ֿԡ
ȭΪսǿȭͻذΧǳе£һжˣҪûжԸٶѹƵֶΣͲô
ð۵Ķȭԣ΢СĶӦ˷ĹǾõֶΣϾ־ҲֻŲܹѧġ


454 
СȵĿٱԸٵߣԭ׷ǲУҹսеƣͬʬɰۼȭ滻˸ǿǲ
һֻõҲֻ̫ܲСεЧȭԾ;ǲĿǡҲУûбȰ۴ȭʵˡ
ʹôΧݻǧͻ̣ȭԵֵ̫ɢǧǧǧͺ˺ˣǧǹڰ۵Ĺ۲ǰʵ̫жˣдۣҲñȰҪǿ϶١
Ŀǰڵһɱһ̲֮ͣȷʵڳĹھĿ
εľʷҲԵŵϬ֮û¶ʲôҲ൱ѵá
ˮľⳡʤʵ̫ҪľҶ׬ˣǲͬ˿вͬĴ㡣
ʶʹͨһβغ׶սĳ棬бǲضõ߽սܺľݡģʽȵȣЩ˵е׷չǰԽܽԼ̶ֳ̿ȵ̨ܵ³
֪ǿߵʵĲ֮һЩʵʵĻ롣Ŀȴӵǿңʧ̶ܵҲڽ͡ʵ翨ˮľȻһЩʵǿȻԼ죬Ҳڲܽܡ̣ͬԼȷһĻôܹԺܹٳߡԼֳǲ
ʱڣֳʤĿԲˡ
ʵ̫ӽҶ̫¶Ҳ١
֮£ĵҪ࣬ʱƣʤĻҲԽ
УǰܵˡҰӣŮ־˾֮ѾûʲôˡϢ̨Ͽ˭ܹȡʤ
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СӣЩȻսˣӮԼҲ̫ѹֻԼĿڿԶ
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Ը֪ҪǻûǳԵĻԺҪŬˣһСģᱻ˦Ӱ
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СӣԶԣȷʵˮľʦٹĵʲôֻǰͰĴ֪ʶ·ѡȴûи
һԵŮ־ԱСӣ˽ˮľ֮ҲֻǺʹҴ˸к֮Ͳٶԡ
Ӯ־˲ǲںֻʵãҲԹˣƷˮľǷǳ͵ġ
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͵Եģ
Сһ˵һóŵСҿŵĲͽ֮¶ĵģһЩ˿˾ʳ󿪵ʲ˾
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˵Ѿнĸ£ȹ˿ʼΣڣҲͦãֻʱƺ̫㡣
СЦЦǴڼҲеƣ͸͸
ˮľһ˾Ž˼֮ȥһȻ
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ˮûȣ˶һǲ͸޸ɼܣҪʵ߲ȥЪˡ
ҲԵɣҲˡ
ߵĸ̲ڻûԶҵսĵҲܶࡣ
ҾͲˡ
ȮڣԼţһ飬ǲԼˡ
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Сɣ
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ʱҲʵһܶ궼ѵôǿͬʱμ̿ˡ
Ȼе㲻ģСϾҲһߣòͨһ̫СĽ
ˮľһܵĶһ߹۲·ıʱʱĳʳŽ
ͻȻһӿˮľͷƺ֪дʲôЩ׽
ͷһСԭڷŵĳʳѾЩˡ
־ˣڿüĴô
У
һαҰ޵SУˮľѾʹˡ
ĵĲ̫࣬ÿƣ
Ȼ֪ˮľΪʲôֹ־˻ǻشˮľ⡣


455 ﾺ
ԽԽôˮľ˼
£ˮľرŮ־˵нȣѧϰ丸ĸġˮľŮ־˵̫⡣
̽磬һⳤԣˮľĻ֮УһֱעûرЩ⡣ȻоЩףҲû̫⡣
ݺӵǣ̽ΪڲӰ죬﷢ļʺܴҰױͻżʡڵһЩԳȻܷΧĳҲʲôԽܵ顣Щξ޴󵽺ŵǻҲûߵע⣬ֻǿͨս顣
̽ԵЩǻûôǻǻ岻һˮľԼֻҪԸ⻨ۣԼľ̫ܲ죬Ϊһͨ໹Ҫľܶ⡣ǣҪһܹȻǻ۾壬Ǽǲܵ顣
ͨʥأЩڣоͷǻ壬͸ߡ
ʪֵ̫Ҳ᣻ضҲֻ߾ǰ鱨̫٣ö֪ľɽĸͺܶˣ̫󡽡ֵܣи󡼪ֵܶǸ̫Ķӣ滹־˺ˣǸ衣Ļ۸󡣬󡣬޸󡣬ңȵȣԲǸǻһǻ塣
һˣˮľߵС˵Եе㼱ˣȥˮȣһᣬȥȥ
˵꣬ˮľûʲô˵ע⣬ɫ߽˺̨

һտ˵Ϣڣˮľˮ˼һһģһӰ˽Ȼֹš
Ҳ˰ɣʲô뷨ˮľЩʵ
ܿǵģҶҲ̫ͬĿ
ˮľüͷŷǰˮľСĸζ
ҵĲģǿɾ̫˾ˡ
ˮľһ߳һ˵һҶĿ̩ɽʵӦͲġ
㻹ǵǰһЩѧоɹôЩ쵽ڻʯνѧңԶʱڵ滯ʯʱδСִҪܶࡣһǧ棬ǰܱһ߻Ҫ֪ζʲô𣿡
ˮľԶʱڵĴȷʵܶ࣬ǶǨӰĽ
򣿡ˮľЦЦ˵ܰɣʲôڻƽۣɽʯײʲôģЩ֤ʵһȷǣԶʱڣϿеִҪ߳٣
֪ߵĺζʲôЧʵܹ֧Ÿģζܹø̽磬ʲôô
˵Ȼڲϼ٣ԴĴΪ֧ⲿ˱仯
۵ѵó׾ͻش
͸󡼪ڻСʱ򣬺׾ͱ˵ͨٻ˳ǲϳ󣬳ֵʱԽԽ̣ǵĸ׸ֻ̫ڷҵսʱŻᱻͨضҲˣ־˺ˣûʲôصĴ»֣˺ǻԾ̽Ĵ˵ڸͲ̽磻δ޷²ˣֺСӣ˵ӡĲܽͨΪûʲôҪĻôĸΪʲôѵǶϲνʥزԸֵķլ
ȻѾ뵽һ棬ôЩͻرܲˡ
ԭľƽ⡣һͷҪܵñҪȻһֻҪܲǣΪﱻԵ
Ȼάֵ̬ƽ֮ǱڡպùáЧʵĳ̶ȡҪܵһ죬ҪôΪ̫󡢲ͣسҲ䲻ҪôͻԹе
ôĸ󡣬ȻܹιĴӣҲгԸĴߺˮ񣬻гԴߺˮľӥ
۶ı棬ҲȱΪʳĳʹ⬻ʲôȻ̬ƽͻΪһ
ڣǸҲǴ̽ټҲǵ浱ɱˣ
˵ŵķ̯̯֣һŵĶԾһգˮľȴһ㶼Ц


456 Ҫ
ôǿȻܻᱻֵǣǾôϢĲˣɾֵúúˡ
̽ʵ֪ķΧô㣬ļѾʮˡʷңԶŴǲ˭֪Ȼ˥˵㼶ڲϽ͵Ļôܶ鵹˵ùȥĽ͡
Ƶ磬֮䶼òɿǻأ
˵Զʱ̽粻ӣǳǳʱԶڸߣȻļ٣׷ֻӦҲʼСǻȺ忪ʼԾȣһ
ǣһδԵı֮Щ봫˵е׷ҴҲòڽʣ֮ɪɪֱһǻƶЩҴ߿ŤתƵϣࡣѵıҡһ䣬Ϊνͨʥأذֹ࣬һεѽ١
֮ĵλôģ˵ͨϸϻд֤ΪЩνʥ֪ͨô𣿡
ˮľҡҡͷܵܺѣ˭֪ЩһﻹǲǵýνʥصĳԣǵĲ²ⶼһ׼ȷҲǰĻأ
һȺʧߣֻܽϣϣżһЩ˴ŵСѹҲ˵õǡҲܿûôƾ豾ܾ֪ʱӦò˺ࡣ
òųЦǡˮľ˵˵ˣҲֻǧٿ׵һԱǵڣ˵ǵδ

֮ˮľŻص̨ŵȮڣٴκƤˮľҪԵġ
ˮľʦһ˳ôࣿ
ϷԴãȷʵ˲١˵ˮľһ˳ԵҲ
Сʣʳˮľ̾һ
һٷʢͣڷŵĻҶ֪ԼǵһοԵġһиˣôж˹ˣʳ˸Եˣþ޷жˡ
ˮѾ̫̽һ˭Ҳ֪ԭж󡢶ǿжٺöˡ
ֹٴαҳɹһΣ˺ܴܵͲľ幦ûһΣ˺ǲ
ˣǸŪ˵˵ǡ
ˮľ˿·Ŭβǲ˱ҲߵˡЩͱ˾õˣѾƫôʲôʱС֮ķһ
һʧˣͨʥػʣ¼˻һ֧ʲô
ˮľƳһ۲ԶؿűŮ־ˡ
ĻƺǸļߣȺǻۣνС棬ǿķֳҲĻȡΪ֮顣
ҡҡͷˮľɢЩʵʵ룬̧ͷ˿ѾЩб̫
ֿˣѾѹһȺһȺ߸һֵܹ࣬ŵסô
缶ĴǰҪ̫ˣ˶ûòǧ֮˳طӡĴͲľҹʲô죿ǹɽ
ӽǣǰôİɡ

ƣؿŲԶŴǲսеһѾʶԼ·磬ıĻҪˡ֪һ£ȴ̫ˡ
ѾΣ԰ٶʮһΣȫ޹ҲûʲôЧ˷˲ٲ
ðˣôȥ䡣
ֻһжԼóĽȡʤĻᡣڣǶԷθûа취
ˣó̾ͶݵѾʹ̫Ŀ޺｣϶ż͵ĸ˿ȭͰǰҲû̫õЧֻǡ
Щؿŵϵ˵İͺ˵ĸ˿ߣ˲õԤС
𣿲Ѿ̫̫ˡ
˫Ÿ˿ߣеǧ˸˳Ÿ˿ߴв
޴½ŵεزڸ˿ϣǧػС
ԣܶˡ
ʶΣ۽Ƴڼٹ֮¹ĶȫѨ˲ͷţĲγܵı㣬ǧϱˡ
ȭһ
ʮĲΣʱľȼȭûá
ȻΣջǴڵġ
ȭƻ죡
ת弤磬ͻ̵޹


457 ߵĽ
ܹ飬ܵġӲʹõĶԼĴСֵĲΧҲԼӿơ´ﵽ칥ΧļޣҲûдǲƲԾѸԶݵȫηĻᣬʮֵΪˡ
ԿƵĹǹˣҪ̫ˣɲûʲôսܽټд۵Ķжһͻᱻ
Ȼʱһ٣Ȼڡ֮λûվӭǼö｣ϵĸ˿ڰ۵Ĺ۲һࡣ
Ĳ֮£ЩŹĻΰΧŷȻȭһһ䣬ЩʱΪĴǧĸ˿ֶ˼ܹȫŵĵطһƬ
ʤѷ֣
ˮľε̾һսӮһǿģӰʱҪöࡣ
ٴҲ޵ģʹõսûֵط׶ݵƣ޶ȵѹεĻΧ
Ұ⣬ַ϶вͨߵشеǵطշתŲĿ̿оûˡ
ҪڵڶɭֵĿĻػһʵʱгɹļչʾɣõһҲûʲôסʵŬ츳ռȫˣҲǶԵԼ֮һˡ
к˻ճ͹ɼˮ˹˼֮ˮľһֱĻҲһ£źñԼ˳
Ȼεûг̫ãܹվĵطҵʱ򣬾עʧܵˡ׶ݡǧԵ˲䣬ǧǧ䴩ֱۣʹ֮УһľҶӰҶϮλ֮ɽҶʤǲ
ˡ
ʤҲ飬ȻҲֻ˵ʱ˲ãʱص˸ɫǲ
ʱεٴɵڵϣΪ壬һγΪ˳̤ʯ
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һ㶯޵ļצвУĵ׵֪Ժˮ׵ȵȻʶԶ룬˳Żıܡˮľƣ꣬ԼܵųͲɵ̫еؽӴںˮľˣǰʵ΢ʱΪһЩԵɺϽĹϵ
ȷʵӦóúˣ
΢һĽ࣬ҲЩջҲ˵δҲûãҲԼΣյһ죬ʱûҪ졣
˵ԼӦѧôһְ̰˰ɣ
ʢٵļڣԼҪŮˣǸսս֪Ƿӡ

֮̿ԵನҲƽϢΪάΰľӳˮľҲѵõؾľˡȻûЩС֮ͽͶ񶾵̫⣬ִɽˮľӳҲس˽ͷβˡ
ľҶ壬мܹԼĸ֪֮͵ˣҪ棬м·ʰҹջҲǲܡȻˣˮĵˮľҲǶģúͿһʱҲ᲻ͨ顣
ѧУſڣǼľҶ߻СϣˮľбһߣϵӣżԶѧУſڡ
һѧУıҵҪˣӦѧҲͬһʱСʱƽʱѧУҲˮľҲòʱ
һӣˮľֽľǩӽԶͰ
ճˮһ£뿪һᡣ
ףӳִҪֹСӵ̫ˣͲáСӣһֶӳˣ
֪ˣҵĺϢɡ
֮̿һ̴ᣬҪȷ̵̽ѧУĹָбҵʦָҪ۵顣һΣһ鷳£Ǿ³ת˲飬ԼԱ䰲š
Ϊ̴սӸ߲˳µ飬ûоȨȨҲеģܹͰ̣⻹˾Ӷߵģÿһ̵Ľ鶼ֵؿһ¡
ϵĵص񷢲㹻Ŀռô̡Ȼ˶Ǿ󲿷ֶУټΪٵرҲذţӰ칫ҸͲá
ˮľʱѾòˡˮľȻһҲ࣬ԤʱѾܽˡ
ԭտĴ˲ӣҪ黹١
˸΢ǰһĿλˮľˣˮľֱߵˮľٴ򽻵̡ҶɽóľҶǸѵõĸ֡ˮľ̵ʱ䲻ΪĹϵ˺ʲôȻҲ̸ʲô顣
ֱŵǲ֪䣬ȻǵǧһƵģȷʵǳ͡
ʶ˵Ǵ˸кûж˵ʲô
һᣬִž˽
ûжʲô࣬˵
ʱ䣬ˣ̿ѾӵճҲҪָˣλزҪи
ȣѡ̿Կ˽ǲΡŮ־ˡҰӣ
ûгˮľϣԭͼƻ˵飬ǰҲûʲô顣ľȷʵҪԼöˣô˳ˡ
֮󣬸ּ
ϸȨ֮󣬴ӾľξΣ

ˮľһͻȻн̵̣Ӧְ̫񣬷ܼܲ˵ù
ڿľĴ⣬߰ʵѾ߽⣬ôΪʦĿȻˡ
˵ľٶΪʲôְĻˮľǲŵģӦǸʱľ
Ȼһжˮľûʲôϵ
һЩҲʼΪҪԱĲ֮ء
ԭϽĸӳˮľšȮڣ򦡢ɽ졣
Ȯڣ󣬹ѫ׿С٣ηֶӳСΪͷʵȻɽ̱ˮľҲ粻˶٣Ҳһ㡣


464 °
˶Ǽߣвģֻˮľֻлճ͹ɼˮˣʵǺᡣ
־Ұر̡½һͬ뾯һСӣ˹ӳˮľơ

û뵽ͻȻսˣ㲻ɣεİ۲죬ԺҪʡٹ־Ұ½ر̣ˮľʶֵʱһЩ֣οվӦñˮľҪСһ㣬ͺҰ³
ֹƺһЩ٬ˮľе㲻ϲôҲǾľҶ˵ߣֻҪڹиˮľҲùʲôҲԼָӣôȥˡ
⣬辯Сӣ̰Ҷɽζӳ¶Աָɣ
ˮľߵİҶɽӦ𣬽ܴҵעĿ
ֵͷʾ£Ȼ˵
ְ¹ش󣬲⡣ԭܶɰ飬Ҫɾ֣¹úľԼλӳԱ㡾ְءͬʱҲҪصǰĸޣʹĹϵ̫⣡
ѵ֮û飬ؿһۣȻŰѧУ飬ߵĲ֪Ȼѡʦ
ܵ˵ƺЩˮľϡԭΪЩҪ̽һ£ǺܶͶˣͲҪ̫鷳Ҳֻѡ
ֵȨǣĻЭô
һԵļǣ߼ƺɳ˸ļӵܲ뵽ӵľˡҲӵ˵ԸĿӰ֧ȸǿˣӦأĻĹȨɱشӰ졣
ȻЩ鷳ʱˮľ̫ĹϵˮľҪľǷԼһĶֵϡֻҪû˴ţԼҲˣâ¶ҲҪѧ躹ޣʲôжҲӦþתĻˡ
Ȼܶ࣬ǽֻǰִʱ򣬹̾ͺ˳ˡ
ȵеʱ򣬻ûȥСʱԭԤƵİʱ䣬ǿճ˲١
ˮľ֮ƽ뿪ˮľסˣ鷳չˣ
㰡
ˮľܶʱŨüʦ˼ά·ʦǾְģڸɵû
һעģǸߣѾˣò̫ˡ
˵ҲǰЩεЦЦܾþĺҪҳһ
˵̫ˡ
ʵϣ̽Ϊ̣ԭĶҲάһɢ״̬˸ԵְʱҲἯж
񿨿ĵ߰ΪԭֱϴɢСӻǱȽټġ
ֱӵԼСӣ˵˼
⣬½̵İţڻиûϸ˵Ҳ֪ȥʲô
ˮľ˼ǵʱ򣬺һľ
ˮľһȣ
ţˮľعͷЩɻ󣬡ôˣ
һ¸ղڻϲϸ˵½̵İţҰӣŽ˵ݺͰŲʵϰ
Ų
ˮľЩ֣ϣָոϦպ밵ŲΣʱСӣŪȥʲôǰ¹ʵϰĵطΪ½̤ĵһҲֻе֣ʲôʱôûʲôڸеıԵˣ
ͷ˵ͻȻƺִд㡣
Ҳаɣ
ŲҲʲôõĵطҲѧٶ
־أȥ
ı߾פزӣ
߾ӣ
ˮľʱüͷ塣
һ½̣ȥʲô
Ů־΢
Ŷˣˡ
ˮľһ
ӶӶôҲá
ֵܣӱʦͽôҲȸӴиģŮ־΢ڣӦⲻ
ܽôŮ־΢ȥ
̿ڼ䣬бҪǲͷȥ߾ôȻ̽粻̫ƽײսʱҪڱ߾ά̫ߵĳ
ƷɶκͽǶġ֯ԱǸֹҲб޻ɣ
ɶκͽǶ
Ӧڴ̽鱨ڵϢݺܻȷʵ̫ҡ
֯Ƶػô겻ɢߣңԶĵطʱ̫Ҫעĵط
ǲ͸¶鱨ܹؼβˣҪˮľȥϸ̽һ£ǿԤǣԲϣὫˮľ͡һĵ


465 ˼
ǰȥķٳûҵβ䣬ˮľҲ൱ż
ܹץʵ˾ò˼顣ڴҰľĳݡԭ֮в£ܹµˣĿǰġ֯ǲˮľʵ벻ˡ
ȻһֿܣǾǱͽĹؼϢ·ʧأԡ֯͸Ҳǿܵġ
ЩҷһߣˮľżҲûãҪȾϢüĻҪֹġ
ôˮľ϶ʲô뷨
ˮľҡҡͷ˵Ӹִ˷Ըɡ
̴֪鱨ֻ֪ôá
Ҫ̽϶ҪģˮľҲȥ̫ΣˣҲľ˵ܹƽӻ
ˣôŵģ
Ҳͷۣԭ뽫ƼҿܣԼȥ밵ˣ
⻹ִͬˣ
ҡҡͷִ˾ܾˡ
ô
ˮľȻʵʼ밵㹻ˣĺڰ˵ϰֻ߰޷֤ҳϡ
һ˫нһСľͻ˵Լˡֳ壬ȻҴ߱Ӱֱİô̫ˡ
׼ô죿
ЩΪѵ˵ôȻشڴп϶ǲУҪʵսһ
׼ĸȥôĵȥ
ûҪ̵رһĶ֣ôң
Ǻƽսߵһˣ̡̽顢кƻȵǼҳ㷹Ҫ밵ֵĵط
̽ȱľǵűո̣һط˺ܶ࣡
ڿЦ
ˮľһ㶣漴Щ
㲻ͽ˵ɣ
̾ʲô˶Уֵ֯ط׬ǮɶκͽǶĳ͡
˻죬˵ʲôʱͱĿոͷˡǿ̣ʲôڵǿ˶ǣ
뿪£ˮľԿӰƶˡд۴ߣôܷ
뿪Ӳ飬ôάϵǲʹӵ
ôģû
ˮľҡҡͷ˵һ̣Ӳģ̴񣬲ȻĻ뿪Ӻѣ
ôô
Ҿð·ɿģĻܡ
ľȱٱҪ鱨ԴϢ˽òˮľ͸ô࣬йǲʵݸһ֪ҲûпǵŲص̬ȡ
ˮľҪľɿ߰񡣵ڵ߰Ѿ⣬ôΨһĳ·ˣֻлӰƲܸ˳ĳȨ
Ҫ˵ˣڽΣˮľͲ֪ˡȥô죿ڴУû˵пгΪ̵ӣ߻Ҫս֤ԼС
ƺЩԾϵĿЩǵ뿪ˮľҲҡͷ̾һʦĵ̶ȣҲټˣԼѧʡģ

壬βѾжóʱˡ
жڸԼҪβ޵ע⣬ԼҪжôˣûнúҲЩŭ
ȷʵŽᣬǣ쵼ĴҰľҲ˶ķڷβϾͺʹҰľ϶ӡ
ŽԴ˶Ǻ£ǶԼ˿ɾͲôѺˡĨɱһζ׷ŽᣬܻһЩе˸е죬еࡣ
ͶֹļеᷳˣΪζԼͨߣࡣ
УĶλսԼıĶ޹ؽҪ顣
ѹֵĻϺʹҰľһ֮󣬺ԥؾˡ
ûôˣһѾͬǰҪһɾͲôˡ
ˣίôãҲûҵʲôѵĻᣬøѿˡ
ںܹϴֺΪŹǵ֯ʲôµģ˵Ҫβ֣̽絮ı֯в٣һ֯ʲôôãҲû˵ĸβޱǳɹ
ƵļһȻסһǿƵĴҰľںֱ˼顣
˼֮󣬺Ϊǵصóһۣԡ֯вԼͷҪԴﵽǼԼĿġ


466 Ծƶ
ֻҪһܻ᲻ԾĥһЩĪ顣̫̽õˣѾ޷жϳȷ̬ˡ˼óĽۣΪĳɼֻΪӵز̬ı仯ȻҲӰԼ뷨ж
ܵķǴڲƣиɻĲҲ¶˿ɳ֮

֮ϣ֮ĵطһСù֮ڣҲ⿪ָͣ첲ϵĴӥϰŵСֽȻһӣӥ˳ɣſ޴˫ľҶķ˻ȥȻҲ߻ط䣬Сֽ
֮Ҳ̾һ
ﶼ̫ƽû¾ͺá
̿˳ûгʲô⣬ľҶǰһ̴ͷʱӦܹĵж
Ψһ鷳ģƺǴӱڲͣ˿ЦҥĨҲˣ˰εĵزʵ˸е֡
Ȼһֱû̫ƽʲôʱСǳǲ֮⣬ǫ̃˵Ĵ¡ǲ壬Ҳǲ˺ڹ֪˼٣ɵӰȷʵԶģ
⣬һЩҲע⡣
ǲ̴ô
ǰߺҲй֮ԵǴ̴֡壬ҲԾ˿ֲɽأԼز۵ѧ
㣬ŻֻۣôսУʵ˸еϧ
֮һأڸ粻ͨԶ½ˮ֮Ҫ˸еء̽ûзսң֮սҪأעҲࡣ
֮һҲݣڣҲû˸浽ʲôˡҪ˵ĳЩ֯УҲһ㶼ֻ֡ǣߴˣԼش󣬲ȥֵطð顣
Ժ˵ɣ
ȻʱںƽʱڣǲҪ
Ҳˣڷ͵ȵòͷ˶ʱ󺰴
ɫˣ˵˽еôҿһЩĪĶСԡʲô
ϵ˼˵ٱˣҪҪһĺ
Ҳͷ۵˵š
˵ҸոյõһϢͬǲ̿ϵ˵һܴ󰡣
̿ԣһ
˴һ
ʲôʱ־̿ԣô֪
֮ǰɣҲΪãзģû˵
ɫˣ̫ˡҲڵʱͷ¿ˣ˵СӣᱻǸƨļһˡУҪȥս
˵ȲؾҪشӣȴҲĴְס˼
ʡʡɣˣǻ̽оߵǿ̣ӣжģôܴӮȥҲֻ°ܽ˵ᱻ˿ᣡ
ô죿
ЩƣʮֲرԹ
ʦ֪˶پиʵƫģ
İɣҸ˽㣬һڻĵؿҽĶɣϰͲݡ
˵˵ǽȰסˣҲһ
ͬ˵ľѹİ
̫ˣ̫ĹҪʱֲͨҲֻܴﵽ̶ˡҪһûʵĻǸͲ顣
Ȱ֮Ҳóʣյ鱨Сֽд˼仰һ˼֮Ծ
ͨһС󡣬ֽһŷ֮ȥ֡
ھҲøһСìʵ޹ؽҪֻҪˡ
ӳЩ⣬ԴͲüƽˣǽķȴܼ򵥡
޵й⻼ߣ
ⲿѹӵвһЩϸ֦ĩڵС¾͹˳ȵβ֯ٴδģжʱһ¶ⶼʱЩС£
֮ǰƽҪ̫ĸı䣬ֲߴսˡ
ȷʵǸϸĻӰڴֹϣδҲøԶΪʲôĿս֮뵽ĵһλѡҲѪͳӸ߹õĸ֣Ⲣûûɵġ
ӶҲĴδرӶ˵ĴҪСԼǿߣźغԼĻӰ֮β

紺£±ůĻ֮Ҫһ֮Ҳ︴յļڡиٵˮľһֱȵܽͬص̴壬Ҳûп˶Ƕ֡


467 Թ
ŲӦòʲôѶϵˣôʱûг֣
ܽټĸ֪ͣΪ˲ˮľٵòܣΧ̽ҲûвߵΪʲôٳûг֡
֣ѵ˵ŲҲķֵʱ򣿡
ȻһˣˮľҲû̫ʧ͵һκˡ
ȻܽѾص̴壬ôץͲһϢˡֻҪзͿľҶԮʱȵˡУˮľһ·֮µļǾͿóˡ
ʱĵˮľ׼뿪ͻȻһѪȵɱӱϮȵˮľʶ͵ϮʱѾˮľļ
ˮľһſܽһĹڵ˲ûгʤ׷æҵˮľ
òһð֯ͬļһˣǶһɶͦ߰ɵ߶ˣ
һ޼ɵ˹ֵķɶΡ
ˮľվعͷͿͬڵ׺۵ˣǽǶͷɶΡ
Ǻþò
ףʶǣɶЩŵľȱ˵ѵղŵЩ˲һģΪЩСһǾܣû뵽ðưɻͦеİ
˵꣬һӣջ˸ոˮľ
һѪʺǰһҪٰ
֪ңһηɶЩˣ㲻Ǽ򵥵ðƻ
ʱһԵĽǶѸٶֱˮľȭֱȡˮľͷ­
ͻˮľͻȻ͵ϮĽǶ˳Ϻ롣
ɶΣҪˣϽʽ
ιǶһû˵꣬㼱ʲô
˼ѵķɶʱҲɻ죬úĽǶҲǳ
ˣɶΣˮľ
֪ҪȷɶöĽǶһͷˮľʵټϸոջϤУܹ֪֡
ˮľļٵģɶδһǸҵļһ
ѪɶͷմȾѪЩĵشЦ
ҺҰ쵰׼аˣû뵽ȻôԼˣһΣʶһ·ɶδ˵Ŀɣ
Ѫתһ̲Ѫ˳ָţɶ˫ŻһԲǵƣѸٵ˾ƾѪ
Զˮľ򱻽ǶһѸ͵عǱֻؿŷɶ䡣
Ѫ밵Ԩʹɣɶļһ
ȫʹ࣬ߵ裬÷ɶηĥĥ̬ȣѸٵط˾ƾѪ
ǰһԾɱ˳ɰ֮ЫһβغסǶԼΧ֮»ܻʤԼͽǶҲֻǿѣ˵ʵ֯ҲǺŵǿԸ˿ɲˡ
°ܽȻɭļһȽϴһģȻǸٶ۵ĴȻòȡˣ
ٶ۵Ĵ˵ңɶͳڳì͵Լĸ˽ȥȥɣ
۵һѪ䣬ضܽǶˮľһͣʱһȭţͷѵ˳ܴᡣ
˰ɣɶļһúõȡһа˰ɣ
ڵϵˮľ˿Ѿڵأ¶ˮľݡ
Ȼ㣡
ǶǰһסˮľĲ׼šϣʱˮľס˽Ƕ֡
ղŴúܴɣˮľţ˼Ѫֵˡ
ţ
ȫû뵽ֻзĽǶˮľϺɫĲ֣ϺɫķѸȫ֮䣬˺üȦˮľɫͷ͵쳤Ʋ˽Ƕж͵ǰһȭźɫ׹ȭͷûʲô谭ͻ˽ǶķȻš
һ
ô᣿Ƕ˼ؿ͸ֱջأٴ͵ǰһ֪еģڶˣ
ǻô׶Ҳôǿ
ˮľЦЦûԥٴջȭͷͻȥ׶༪ٰ
ˮľ׶Ȼ̫ǿ󣬵ӡİ»ݷѾˣȫ˻ĳǿһƵС
ˮľ׼ٴιʼʩʱͻȻҸ첲ҵʹһ˲ʧȥ˶ֵؿơ
תۿ˿ˮľ֣ԭǷɶεڳìԼұۡ
ĴȻ㣬ǵĹϵûпô
Ƭ̵ͣ٣ǶķѸٶҡ
ȭ


468 ֮
ԿɽʯȭٴѾ˾ƾѪ̴ĸ˺۵ʱѩϼ˪ۿ޷άˡ
Ϊȡ
ĽǶɲԸ˷һ࣬ԹݻĺɫִˮľصλãѸٵڵ࣬ͼߡ
̰İ
ĨһǵѪˮľֳסĵԹݡ
ΪѾ޷ˣ棡
ɫ˿̴ڵĴ֣ڽշԲǿѹ֮£ˮľ˫͵һ͵ĵԹݾʹ˶ѣȡȻû˺
ԤԽԽǿңսûģֺȼ˻ҪĮԼ
ţһˣǶеɶΣɱҪԥˣ
ãƽʱҪ켸ķɶһûгɣڳìѸٴ̴Լءʹ÷ɶҲ̲ס˵ڵء
˾ƾѪȻôԵ䣬̫ˡ
û취ٴˣ֪Ѿ˼޵ˮľԥת֮ˮľӰת˲ʧ
ãϽܣ
ιǶ磬ܴҰ
ش඼ڳìķɶôܣ
ǶûжԣԹݾɶΣȻٶ뿪˵ء
ôʲôһָһ°
ʱռոպǶսֻһܣ˾ˡ
ͳĿӰǧͬһʱܹڣĿɲǵԹҪûжΣյֱͲ֪˶ٻˡ
ǣȥ֮
Ҫʲô֮ˣҪȥĻҿ԰£
û˵ɶʶȤر죬ҲҪи޶ȣ֮ɲĲץסˣܱ˻Ҫҡ
Ƭ֮˽սԶһڣһģһˮľӰ֣ſ˸֪Ѱŵߵķ
ȥ׷һ˴ɨս˻ȥߣҪʲô⡣
˵ţΪˮľѸģʽβ޲ڿ֮˹Ȼ֮ʼ磬ˮľıγһԵɫᣬ΢΢Уˮľһɫ⣬Ÿ֪ĵط׷˹ȥ
һڿиصˮľԼٶȽӽǰһƶĲԴûã׷˲ֻܵӰ
ûκγɣɵɫβ޲γɵؾ͵°ȥһ޴ƿӡ
޴ĺ¡̳ڱ˫ʵ֡
ţзһżŨԼµظٽӽˮľ
ÿķݣ
ݡѹB뼫µĲԱ仯֮ƻҲ൱ˡǷΧҲܴ
ڰ汻еˮľģʽβ»壬Ҳûȫ˺ԲŻˮľ֮ҵرַΧʮ׵ķˮľҲҴ⣬ĲҲûȫֵǿع
ϸ΢ķ͸ص©˲β£ˮľ˺ۣ˵ģʽ״̬£Ƭ̾޸Щ΢Сƣʹȴʹʧ
Щ仯ɵĹǴ󣡡
µĲʱ仯ʱȷʵܴ鷳ȻвҲ˷׷ʱ䡣
ɷݡȴ
˵ʲôǷ߱Ƚģ߱Ȼ֮һϵĿƻǼΪԵġ
޴ĻŸǰѹԲŲδЧ赲˻ƣѸû·еط
ҵظ»ȥʱ·ԭڷطѾճɽ̿
ˮľ£СĵؼһȦ֮󣬽ŲʵظһΧĶ
˲ڣβô
ˮľٴηſ֪̽ŵ˵ķλ
ѾôԶ
ˮľģʽʹԽԽԭܵŵĸ֪ҲָǺȫʢʱ˿ԸսĿ¸֪ԶԶġ
ˮľҪ׷ʱɫһˮľҲһЩġ
һʹԼƵİβ޻е㲻ղô
֮£άƽԵüΪҪģʽβ޻ЭͬսЧôȶ
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һûɱǣһ˾ͻӾ˼ʮϰ̣ɲô׶Ըģ


469 Σ
˾ƾѪ䣬һر̴ҲˣнǶļȭ˱ˣͲ֪˶ٻˡ
ˮľķ˵ȴδûȵءҲᣬΪʲôֱӵԭʧѪർξûΪȫṩѪҺѭӦֱӵ¸ȱ˥߲ɵ˺ԵľǴԣѪ٣һû㹻ĹӦͻѸٵ
һƶѪӪ㶼ͷĿѣοѵµˣһ֮⣬ûˡ
Է˵޼ʱĻһġԭˮľ˼άĲڴԣڱӡӰ
ӰĲѹס˼ά壬ûжĵ״̬£ԻԾĳ̶Ⱥܵͣ൱ʱʱ̴̿ߵ״̬ĵٵÿ˵ʧѪҪԭ֮һв̶ȱȽϵͣˮľЩʱ䡣
ʱʹȫҩһˣҪȻˡ
ڱ˾ƾѪ̴ʱȫҩѾʹˣҼСټӡЧܵشʱս˻ԻЧͷշǶжþܵԿ׶ݻ֮ôǶ顣
ѾǷļˣֻг䲻ȡսһһ浥ᱻǶ߷ɶεĲ֮
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һȡսѾ֮ϲˣ۾ؿڲðѪǸ˿ڡ
ȫҩŸҺ˿ڴֲĹᴩ˿ۿɼٶϡ
ȥУ޲֮ǰҪˡ
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ѣڿٵʧѪʧٶԶԶȫҩ޸ٶȡ
Ҫô
һķʮԴ״⣬ҪһҲ鷳
Ƕֻˮľ־죬ϺķһޣôͬиͬܵθС
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ķ϶ǲˡ
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Ҫ˵ˣ
ԥط᰸
ƺ֪ᱻɣһ
˵а취ϣӦоȣ뷨ĻǾҪˡ
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ˮľ˫ʹȻҽûа취ȡһʱ仹ǿԵġ
ҲֻǿЧҪһûа취Ǿͳʧȥˣûа취˵ֻôĴۣΪһʵ
޹ص飬ˮľԼЩúأǱ˿ɲô롣ֲΪԼķĹǮһЩˮľĸƴ۵ȣǿĪ뷨
һ㣬ˮľΪǵġ
ܵشӰĲڰȫѾصӡ棬仰˵ڷһտҲǡ̫ҵĴ̼ĻƵĹУ־˵ᱻѣǿɾ鷳ˡ
ϲŭ֡ϲ࣬Щ̬׵УʱˮľԵĿɾͲһˡ
ѵķô
ˮľЩĵֵķӡơ
ӡҩҽ뷨нô
ǰͻȻһǶ֮ͻȻʡ
ֳɵķӡĺ󣡡
һķӡֻӡߵ״̬һǡǡܹˮľ㹻ľʱ䡭


470 
ˮľٵļ⣬ûƵķӵǿָõȫҩв˻ģʽЧǳõս̬ԼҽʹõҲܲΨһҪǵľƵʱ䲻
ĺһǳʺھķӡУЧһҲûУܹĳ״̬ȷ
ӡϷڷӡװӡĵľͰ֮ڴߣԴƽȹһνӡ״̬ʱĸãƳصĳ̶ȣҲֻ״̬ƽȹΣڡ
ǴڵרľҶһЩ״̬ҪԱʱӻʱ䡣ֻʹЩ̣̫Ҫһзӡ츳ǿߣҪ㹻ʵҰѷӡʱΣ״̬СʹʹҲûʲôЧ
ʼ׼ɣѡˡ
ӡӰ־ٴӡȫҩãԺؿȫķɫʼɫ֣صĴڳһ˿˿Ϻɫڻ
ŵʹҪιȥˡ
ţĸɢ˫ֽӡһźķӡƯţ˵ķ
Ҫ÷ڷӡװô
òŽᵽȥɣ
һװľͰ̫ˣʱЩ
ӡʼãˮľʱҲֻܾôˡ
ȻҩӡҲûŤת岻϶񻯵ơðԽԽӡԽԽˣһӣؿڶѾˡ
״̬ˣĺܴ󣡡
ˮľͷʾ֪ˣЧķӡ̣ĻС
ŵؿŷ״̬ûж񻯣Ҳûкתҩӡ޲Ĵˡ
Чټһ£
֪ڷӡĴ̫ˣ治֪ǼӡǱľļһôάȥġ
ֻΪӡ״̬ܻһηҪˣһ
״Ӧúǧļתе񣬶òתάͬǣĺûתôǿƾոȻҲòͬĶǲļΪֲ
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ǻ
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һľ㰲֮˵Ӧþôİɣ֮Ĵԣ
ֻǵһоľȻǾҵʹʵܲˡ
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̫ˣҲңûмʱһڱϢ
һӦǱǣˣŲɳˡߣǶͷɶηھ֮£ҵĲ֮ء
Ȼͽ˻һ˾ƾѪЧǴ󡣡
Ҳ̽һ£˵תûɱǶеϧ
ʲôջô
ջСƣ¶һ˿Цݣ˾ƾѪֻӰ쾫꣬ƣ߸ѪҺͬԴˣֻһˡ


471 ͬ
˵õѪҺͿ˾ƾѪ䣬Ǻԣ滹Ƶġ
ͬ˫̥ǵѪҺӦҲһģĽѪҺʶĻôֻҪõһ˵ѪͿͬʱˣԲ
Ҳ֤ˣѪҺҪߣΨһʶ𹤾ߣеľͲһˣǱ߸
ˮľ֮ûпǹӰ죬Ҳֻ̫Զûзá
ģ͵ԭ¹ɵɶε״ԣԶսҵأɶ˾ƾѪɵ˽ǶһȻûһôԶҲԶԶһ÷Χ˵벢⡣
ǼȻܵɶνһҲǿܵģ
ѪҺѾˣʲôʱ򶼿˾ƾѪ
ᣡ²⣬ôǲ߳취ŪһѪɶΣɱ˭ɱ˭ûһܹ²ѪɣʱֻҪɶθԼͱһﲻˬͰԼϵжһ£˭ס
⵹Ҳǡ
˾ƾѪôǿνаʲôز϶ѪҺѪҺɵƣơʲôԺоֻҪ֪ԼѾȫ˾͹ˡ
⣬һ˸Сԡ
ת֮󣬷Щɵ˵
˾ƾѪʱԣӰǲ໥ġÿԼĴһ£ǷɶȫӰ졭
صʱ̣㻹ĥ飿
ˮľҲǿЦãҲֻͬļһŻ̽˾ƾѪǷ⡣
Ȼеۣ֤ˣ˾ƾѪϵ˵ģа񲻼򵥡
Ҫ˵а񣬷ɶεĲԾ˼Ϊѽ⣬ʹˡֵĶմߵĶǺǵġ
һʹҽΪ壬ˮľһ˵Խӡˣ
̫ʱάս̬Ҳܴ󣬶ҩЧȥˣΣԶ룬άֽŵ̬ȡ
ӡأ񣬼̶ʧֱϣˮľһоͿһ㣬ȫʹ
һʱɣָӦúܿ죡
ͷȷʵҪһʱĵˡ
ðգ˾ƾѪʵ鵹ΣؼĿһԣѪҺһ˵ʲôĶԽʱյϵԶǿеģ
ڲˮšоΡ˻ľɽԼ֮Ĺϵǰ²⽨ĽṹģͿԵõ͡
оһѧǿҼΪ˷ʱģǧʹţˣںڰôȡ˶ٳɹ֪еļˡ
ˮľռƵĵطڣվھ˵ļǰԶĶ֪֮󣬲Ŀĵֻ̽Ҫݽƽ⡣
üṹģͣʵҵŵ֤ݾˡʹĽԼ˺ܶԴʱ䣬ˮľ鱨ϵƵõ󻯡
ģʽ˱ȲˮҪúܶ࣬ټԻ֤¿жϣͨԼľɽһԾΪ
ģʽʣ˸Բڲϵֻǲˮŷ̫ٻʵս̫ԾǶȻĸ֪Ͳݴںܴȱˡ
ҲʻĲˮţһž޵ˣģʽмֱһǧʱڳ丸˼ʮҲԶԶں档
ķҲǾԲܣҲʵ̫ˡ̽ɺϺ⼯һζڱݡ
ЩռĲճĵֻǺСһ֣󲿷ֲŲˡ
ľɽԺȷŵ֪ѧϰĲˮŵĶӣʽ丸ףΪǿӰĻֻҪ;״̬ΪǰֽţͲ޵ķʸ
˿ȷ丸׸ʺиôԵĸı䣬ռĲˮŲͨĳַʽӰ첢ıһ󡣬ڴʴ֮䣬ľɽĴĿӰһϵԽԽԽãָıĴĿѪжϣľɽĴǺԽԽӽҲı䡣
ˣֻûۼʵΪӽӰҲﲻЧ¹ϸһҲᷴӦڱӰ֧ϡ
ˮľЦЦ˵ʵͿȷһˣһȺ㳵Ĳ֮ͣҲ޷ҲӦıˡ


472 Ըβ
ǻͨΪʲôôҲ⣬ɵȻΪ˼ǿϵԼӰܹ̽ǿ̴ǱֽܵĹϵľɽ˵϶Ǵ¡
⻹иһԵɣǾܺʵյĸԴȻҲǲ档
ˮľ֪Լûи֪Ȼʸ޹غǿǺȻйء
Ϊȫ̽缯־ĴȻһɲġͬ͸壬γȻĹҲͬ
Ȼʵȫ̽־ļ塣
Ϊ֧̽ߣȻмΪҪһ֣˵ӦʹȻ塣Ϊԭദһεľأټ⣬ֱʹȻҲͨʥظ㡣
ÿԵȻǻӰȻĶ٣ЩϢϢˡ
ȻǿԱõĲĻ
һǡıȷĻ൱ڸɫĹ⣬ϳ˰ɫȨߣԲݾ󲿷ֹߣľɽóݺɫߣɫضĴóɫߣɫҲôУˮľΪ쳣ʲôɫĹⶼòˡ
ֲγɣ֧̽λԼ̽ȻĹƥġľɽΪдеԵʣʹģʽż򵥣ͨѧἫѣһգٶȺԶЩԵ塣
Ϊ˸ı״һ˫Ӯģʽˣͨްս̻ʹòƿȻԼûϵ;ϣͨԼ࿿£ಿȨ
Ϊˮľβ޲֪Ȼģʽһֻˮľķ̻̫أľɽֶαȽºͣϸȻı䡣ȻҲеĶôгضԵ÷ǳҰˣֱӲֲһ壬ˮľķҪԵ
ȽƴòʱѾȥСʱ
սʱָˣչҴĹͽɣȥߣϴȥ֮ܿģ
ҴսˮľʵǲָģֻеͲд۲ܰԼæ
˵һΪŨҵУֻּµ仯ϣͲдۣһʵ̫Ѵˡ
ҴдѾҳѧתˣٶһʶӦÿһʱ俴ˡ
ʮĴкҪѧġ
ˣҰɣ

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ף
ܺãˮľͷɢ
ýĹ֮ˮľÿ¹ð칫ҵĴš
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鷳̫ˣ¹Щͷ۵شҲ鷳İɣ
˵Цˣ
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Ҫύر־ҰĿ
нˣ
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¹Щˮľ˼
㹻ʤΡɲʲô̫õۣǱ̨ʾǡǿã˶ѡ
ʹڲ۲࣬ʱɣҸʽΪֶӳҲüһµһСӵѹ
־Ұ½ر̣һóͶ̾밵սƽߣսЩƣҲСĵãۺʵ
־Ұһܴ⣬ǾԲ̫ȶһ㵹ԭˮľе񣬵Զûԭˮľô̱Ѷĺ
ܵ˵ûʲôԼõĵط㲻ָܹ澳ӭѶϡΣʱ־ҰˣǸĽɫߣҲˡ
һʸĻǾǡѿΡ
ֶӳˣҪԱɣ
Ҳû취ȥҸִˣڸе߿ɲң


473 Ī
תʵҪôĸֳУȴӵ״ȶ֮ˮľͿ긻ǿľӢ϶Ҫģǿ߱ڴʵ̫˷ˡ
ҪһЩѹ棬˲¹֮⣬Сӿ϶Ҫеķֶӳӳڵʱ־Ұر̾ǱЭˮľġ

Ӱ칫ſڣˮľ׼ţյͻȻ򿪡
ˮľѹվſڲ
Գɰ˹꿴ǰˮľЦ˵
Ҳյ׼ȥˮľ΢õһߣþû
ȥһ֮ջ
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˹߳Ӱ칫ңæͳ̵ϳһڡ
æɣˣ
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ף
Щؿ˿ˮľϵľҲֵشˮľ
ôˣ
ˮľ̯˫۴һԼװ
ûʲôɣ
Ѫζ
Լ˵

ˮľʶԼȻʱѾúˣǸ֪߻ŵóġȮڣͣҽ߶ѪҺζҲΪС
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ˮľʵˮľմȾѪսڴӸ﷢
ˮľͷ˽ǶͷɶΣǴһ˵С
ȵȣ˵ĽǶͷɶΣָ̣֯
ˮľһжܣҲǲܣϾṢ˭Ҳ˵ʤȯգ顭
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ĬһĸԭһˮľʱռԴһ»ˡ
˵Զ봫͵ֻз֮ˮľõҲ̥ڴˡôֻζѣԭûܹѧڴܹ֣Ҳһ¡
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ǶĵԹԣԹֱַóֶɶε˾ƾѪ򴫵˺ԣսȵȶἰ
ǶԽȴЩʽ˵ǱӷΧʧһĴۻ˵ˡ
ݰٵսֵǼΪӣ֮ŷ¡
鷳Ĳ֮ôһҪһɵɱͻöԷҸȼһԵԭ֪ɱķҲ޴ӵ֪
ҵǾã֮ļһǱȽϺöԸˣ
ˮľ͵
ǶȻȽɱǲܷǹⷶΧ֮ڣһսĶ־ˣֻҪǿ˹࣬ͿʵɱɶεĹģʽǸ䣬ʵ൱һɱֻҪץסǷӡƣ⣻ҵǾǲ͸޸Ӽ֣Ǹܷɵĵϴɵ̫ץסˣұըĶԴ󲿷ߺƽ˺̫󣡡
ԣϸһ£ֱӺЩ˽ֵˮľжӦ׼ȷģǶͷɶֻҪԱõõսȷʵȽϺöԸ
֪ˣȻдβı֮Ȩ´ж֮ǰ֪
ˣ
ȥɣ
ֻ˻֣ȴͻȻʲôסˮľ
̿Եĵһǲųٳûйþϲ밵ô
ǻӰһԶֱӣȻɸִ˵㡭
Ϊ̵ֻ֣ǹô컹ûۣǱҲЩɡ
İţִ֪˵ĹǡҪ˵ǣǴ˳̣ԴѧУҵʽΪ֮ʵΪľҶߵݣȷδһ˵ҳϣƺЩף


474 ˿
Ϊ˵ûˮľΪжôֵΡаţˮľҲֻǱԼĹ۵㡣
Ϊû鱸ܲ¼ɣǿʵԣʵ˿ߣȻҲˮľһЩͬܵйء
һˮľһ޼ɵĴˣΪˮľвõǰƣЩˮľɽЩıУҥԵҲڣȫˮľٴǰ̿ԣˮľͷҽȻ˶ˣдˮľȫҩӵ˶ߵ
ˮľԽЩƣԼҲûͼ˼˿ԽӶ
໥ģӼȻûԵɵػôָΪ˲¼ɵӣȻ᳤ΪѵĹʵ
ԭֻһʵĸ֣ˮľ˵һ⿴ˮľһ֮󣬴Ҵҽ̸
ˮľ뿪֮󣬸һ񱨸顣
Գɰ˹ǰ彻ʧˣӰҰľΪбҪľҶһغ̿ϵܣƺҲ̵̼ģҫľҶߵ̫
ˮľύ鱨Ƕͷɶ;֮ӦҪȥֻ֮ϧ޷һͬԸЩϲļһ
崫鱨ʾ
ǲǲǴ򽻵ôбҪǣ
ܸ££ɣ
Ȼִᣬж֮ܲûдЭ飬ľҶ޷ģ֮ЭҲֻܴһ鱨ˡ

ϸؽϲЩζ֮ˮľŷĵػصҡ
̿Թƽ͵ӣˮľҲ΢ЩиΣȻһԿӡ
Ȼ鷳ǲҪһϢ˼ĵطǶôѵãֻϦӵ˲Ż̵ס
Թ֮СΪŮ׼ߡ·ЬӵȵȣӦоУʱСϢͿ飬󲿷־ˡ
СЩȥ򣬲ʲôԼ
ȻǲС飬ҲҪи޶ȣҡҲԼࡢӤԼҲ̫ˡ
СͷҲ̧֯ΧǱʲôġ
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ˮľ˸ͷ壬ͳһصľϺƬɲȫӤĲϡ
ӳļЩôõϰɡ
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ŽЩʰ׵С˯֮ˮľ鷿óһЩǰ֮߸ϡ
ˮľģǼǰڰ˰ʱɻһЩаɵϡ
ЩԴ󲿷˵ûʲôֵûҲмֵ鱨ĻһЩճļ¼ԼɢɢĽ伮
ЩܵĽͬһаҲԽвͬĽ
ǰˮľûôעⷽ⣬ٴɶ֮ˮľһ̽Ȥ
î֮ŮͲľҹ˴Ͳľ֮⣬ֻԭгֹţǾа
˵ԴĻаʼնûгֹ˷ɶ֮⣬ûгκһյаͽ翵аƺʹûӿĴʱ
ԭ򣬻а̵ּʵ̫ˡ
͸аѪܵڽ̻Ҫ֪Ŀľɱ࣬ѿһͷβķ֯
Ķǧٹ֣һƵڽ֯֡ʵĵһɹɶѭаָɱľΧеĽͽȺ׵аľҲ⡣
ЩνġȻʱ㲻嵽ʲôһȷǶĽޣŪڹ֮䡣ͨɢаͨ
˾ƾѪʬ⾡һ㶼һģҪƷ
ٻ׼Լꡢո˵ꣻʹ˾ƾѪɶ׼ǵ˵ôаոʲô
ԭĴ̽ս֪˾ƾѪɱ˿ԱתٻôаջĿ϶ꡣ
ˮľĽɶηǳϵع᳹ɱ¾ʹԴȡаĻģò֮˾ƾѪ
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475 Ӱ֮
ܶʱ򣬱ΪŸεܡ
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Ҫ֪ǾŴβޣҲֻǾʮβֺ֮γ˾ֻɫ־塣
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²ȥĻаĵ̫ˣ
С֮䲢ƽȣ̴С̴֮սԺ̴֮һֻ֣֮Ҫβ޺սڣȻѹ̴塣
ЩСοԽľģ
ǰȻиߴϵԭӵⵯСûǼʼ͵͵طչģɱ˵
̽Ϣ֮ƽϢС֮ɣ֯սûͣЪ
սļзЩСô죿һеʲôˡ
̽Ľ䵮֮ʹѪɳ飬ԭ˰
βȻǿģģβ֮֡ޡһƵġػ񡱣ȴǲܡ
޵ļ仯ԼͲдۣĶۼǱ֮ġа񡱡
Ϊʲôɶλʹʽ豻߼µʹ࣬ھȥǸɴɱЧع᳹ɱΧĽ壿ΪаոľЩʹൽ㡢޷ȵ֮ǰԳɳ׳
ϵаͽɶδû˵ѣȷʵȡа񣬲Դȡ֮˾ƾѪĶ͡
ŴβԭǱ˴ػߣǧȴаĻǵУһġ֮񡱵ˡ
Ҫ֯ô
֮ˮľ뷨̽а񣬳ٴѿ
Ҫ족һаô
ʵֵĻҪˮľûϷ˯罫ǿҵռþۻ귨һаꡣǷȱģǲ֪û漣İ£ʲôʽչ
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һģô˾ƾѪķȡѪҺǻֶΣռĿġ
ѪҺɸѡߣѪҺ̺΢Ĳӣռʱľ޴ѪҺֻǱУǽӵĹؼ
ˮľʵ־ӰӰĲѪҺУôʣ˾ƾѪᲨˮľıзһ˾³
ǷѪҺ̺άճĲʹϢռĸɢݵļϲͱͲһÿһ¡
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ͬ˫̥ĻѪҺȻһģĲҲΪԭЩĲͬȻҲᱻ˾ƾѪ
ˮľ״еƵİ׾Ҳÿ׾ǹŴ¶֮µߣȻһʵвġ
Ĵ̽սвʹǿľ֮İɣԶ׾ҪǿͲĲҲΪԡ
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ǴаĽɵʧ󣬻ռĶµģĿǰаڵ״̬޷жϡ٣صļһﲻǰȫһ֪
͵磬ֹĵǱصʵģԻ˳
ˮľ̾һȻؽ״ԭеķչӡ֤Ϊʲô˻Ӧ˶ϣޡаսƽ˫ӣ̽ǿһսҲݵ硣

֮ոսʹûõ֮ĽĿǰ״Ϊ
Ƕͷɶβܼʱˣ
ֻ⣡һԵСϰο˵
ֻ֪ôˣûץһֻβޣ֯Ѿ˱㡣ҪȡýչȻĻ֯Ҫˡ
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476 ֮
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бҪһԶ֡
Ѿݲٹԥˣֻ۵Ȼǿ󣬵Ҳڲϵ͸֧ųŵ
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ΪɵǲӦʵץסģǳ޷ָԳǲߵǿߣϸ˵ֻǺϵ֮£ǲǿơ
ǲ͸޵Ҳֻǲһʱ̫ƵʹͲдۣ״ǺܺáΪһʧǶͷɶҲȥ֮
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жʼ֮ǰǻûеͲٵˡ

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ΪճĸˣˮľŹעȺ̷žĲļһҡ
ǲμӲԵѧļҳӳ˼ĸ綼һģѧУľҶֶ󲿷ֵѡֻдѧУҵǴ˵ߵıҪ;
ûгʲôž޵أ
Ƴһ۲ԵĽܴ֪ǵΣӵа۵ţǽڲĶѺʶ
ѧУĳ̬κһӿֳôʲ꾰Ҳǲġ
պ»ʱ򣬶ԼͬؽӵѧУ˲žʢ֡ʱ򣬶Ұ³³Ǽ죬󲿷ѧֹ̣ʺĻΪر̣ǰһҪЩԵˡ
ΰҲܶûˣܱڼҶСʻҪãϧ˷ּҡ
ڼҶС㣬ָ򻨻ˮľҵլۡʱҲΡôһϸߣȷʵҪ㡣
飬ˮľ˵̫࣬²ԶæµΣЩ˵ĵͷ
ƺӵˡ
ΪӵһԱȻҲҪԴӾľҲˣ֣
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ĬƬ̣ͻȻʵ
ˮľ̶ԻӰ֮λ뷨ô

֮ͥ£žȻҲܻ䣬ǳϡתһ룬Ҳʲô˵Ļ⣬ӰΪĿڿߵıǡο˸Ҳûʲôˡ
峤ʵİɣ
ûлش𣬶ѹ֣ص˵ˮľĻԸִ֧֣˼λĿãһλӰѡӦûкܶ꣬ˮľ̵ʵӦкܴĻᡭ
뵱ϻӰɲʵǿ͹ˣ
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¹Ǹεߣٹ߰꣬Ѿеˣˮľȴֵ۷壬ΨһܺˮľӰĿλõľľˡ
ںһˣǰɡ
Ǹһֱֵһ˳ɳݲˮŵĹ£򣬻赲ִơ


477 б޻
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ڣΪˮľĹϵڼҺͷּΪ¹ȫòǰһճ̡ôô죿ۿɲǲдԿ
սе壬ĲпԼŤŽηһʧȥôάҫ
ӵһԱľѹֻôĴڣԭô°
ڼҺͷּΪһ壬ôȻΪһͨ߼壬´ࡢǿҲһǰĹɾͲʱˣѰӻʱΣս͡
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ͶЩȻʦͨ˸嶼õô죡
ˮľĵЦЦûдͲľҹ£ˮľ˵ĻᶯģȰŰɣ
ӦĻɲ̫׵ֱӾܾҲˮľ֮٣˳Ȼȵ̽ʱ򣬾Ͳж˹Щˡ

ǰʵٴɥʧлԡһѳ顣
Ȼʵٴʧܣʱ˷Լʱ֮⣬ûκνչһΣ貢ûչ¶죬¶ȤЦݡ
ŲǸȻô͸ˡͲ֪Щζʲô
ƺоܺãҩʦһѶͷĺˮ
мֵôˣ
Ҫףδ֪չԼǰʱ򣬲Ŀʱ̡
ĳ࣬ΪʱڵʵЩɬ촽
ϸ߸ʵ֪ȫµļֲ١ϸܣЩǳĶȫû취ȡԭ＼˵ǳ԰һ޽ӡ޼ȻѶв죬ȴûκβͬ
ϸһֱҲףϸˣ˵ʵʵȡȨ
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ʵ鼼ھ˵ֶβһ£Ȼܹ¹⼲Ǿ˵Ϊ죬ۺʵ֧ţ򣬲ᱻΪҽֶΡһƲ⣬Ҳв̫죬ǸļһԻ൱Ĵ󡣡
Ȼôô˿Գƽ⡭
̫ˣһļۣҵȲˡ
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ǵģʱҩʦɲ˿
⻹ⰡԭΪֳһ˲õû뵽еĻҪȤ
ˣҪţ˵˵ˮľ֮飬ͻȻ˲ٵȤ
սսһ˼ҩʦýСĵĴǣźˮľ׵ĵεΡ


478 
ľҶѵǲïܵУΧĻΡ
ѵһκͿʦʵսϰԼڴѾõġ̳Ϊȥʽ֮󣬽۹ڸߴһ³Ϊ̵Լ֮ĲൽжȷԼǲʵĴûᡣ
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˳Ÿոոоķ˦־Ǽö𱬷ĿޣıըȻûзľӰ
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ڿӪսУԼѹԽԽ󣬷ӦϣԼøƣ
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ˮľȻʧЦ̸Ϸˮɣһ̶ȵ˵һЩĵǱġֻսںԡʵսǳġ
˵ͻȻһ顣
һһǿУشչ˼ս˺ܾãóһݣǲɵǣĵطһݱȼȻԼĻȼըˣﱻûˣǲǺܿЦ
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479 ͬڱȽ
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ѽĲʣһͲǷƷҲȲϴ˵еԱͨ˴ıҪõöࡣĴҲ൱㣬΢תǧ׹Ͳر任ǧе״Ҳ޳֮УȷʵǷǳʺԼһѳ
߲ͨһǵһҪ񣬶ҾӴһЩ̽桭
ԭҶ밵Щ̫޳ɵģȻԸҲֻһԣ
밵ܹ·תʣľ˾޴ã˿⣬ڰҲԱǰĲ¡
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ѧ˾ľĽ̵ǲˣǴ²״ӣҲûôĵġͺñˮľûжԱȾû˺ڰ˰ɲ˵̵ӵ飬Լʦʱ䶼Ҫ࣬ʱ˵ѧ
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ʵƽʮ˾̻ǳ̬ҩʦѾ˶ʮ꣬μ̿ԶûʲôֵģĴοԲϸȻÿһܻôһʵһ㡢Ҳرĵùʮ̣ѾˣֻǺЩûȶѡ
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ˮľʦͻͽؾʲô񿨿ʦ˵һˣ
ҲԭɣȻҪģģʽֳǿսģʽзĻ½̣Ҳôǿֻϧ̫ѧϰˣ
ģʽ
ԾԼϵӡ
ԼҲпʵĶҪҸһˡ


480 
ڴУౣֹ̬ȵҪ֧šܹԤ֪δĴ󲿷飬ȻԼ෽㣬ҲԼã
ԤδʵҲһ˸еõĶδķչ缶ĴǰˮľʱΪҪ˵ʲôֻۡʮβͲдۣˮľΪ²øϡŹֵͫͽܺ͹Լͷ۵ˡ
֪δȴ޷ıЩ£ȷʵЩɥȴʱ䣬ˮľûκ֪Ⱦ鱨ԤеġˮľʱϵӽǣԼݺʹԤԼжڹ࿼Ӱɱ֪δûʧʲôõӰҪɵöࡣ
죬Ҳǲһ죬絽ȥ˸СᣬʦҵĿϱܵ˵ȥĺϸҪ߳١˵ѧر㣬ʹʦڴֵйϵ
˲Ŷʱ򣬴ʦԽ㣬ӦҪ϶Ըߡһ˵Ҫڶ̡ر֮ȻԳŵı׼ɺϸߣڸɳɳ˵Ҳָɵ˲š
ÿĴʦȨʵ൱ǻӰһҲԴʦ˵ġ˵ףܲҪһ̶Լ˳۵СôģǿָǾԲܵġ
дر̱Ƚ϶࣬ƫӢʦݱپȻûвУīļһѾڶΪľҶҵָ֮ˡ
Ȼûˮľʲô£ΪǰͬؿԳɰ˹ꡢ缸Ĵʦһ֤ѡ
һҪ׳ɳˣڴнഫľҶÿһζѪڣ
ȥ·ϣؿȻͣǴɤš
Ա߲СطװûˮľǷ죬һû˯ӡ
Ӵô˻ᣬһѵõıô
ǸһйΪǺæģ
ľͶ䣬ԥؾܾؿĽ顣
ǻû취Ҫ
ƺʶ˲ܵţؿҲЩź
ˣˮľһҪΣǱûʲôӰɣ
Ҫʱ䣿
ʮҰɣȥһ֮
аɣǺæһȱϯⲻ󣡡
֮ؿСȥӦִǴϳʲôְɣ
飬ܾûйעˣ֪ڸʲôѾڿ֧ǿİĴ費֪ôʱ䣬ʵҲ̫ˡ
ȫ֪귢ʲô£ЩҪĴﵽʲôҲһ֪Ҫʱ䣬ȥ
Ҫ֮β˵ϾҪץˣβҲûӰʵЩơ

֮紵ɰʯعĹȣ紺ļڣӼ֮شȻ̹ǣ͸¶ͻ֮ȫܱȵĻ
֮ĵش֮ЩתˣԭѩڻѩˮϪ۵һСӣΪ̽Ĺȴ˲
û뵽Ҳвٺõط
޶ת൱Ȥ󲿷ʱ䶼ڿϵĹȵټֱຮ֮صķ羰
ܹΪ֮һȻһЩģ
Ը޵ĸпǲûκαʾһ·ϣ󲿷ֵʱ䣬Լߵͬ߶ԼҲֻżӦ䡣
ˣ
ԭϷĲ֮һ֮̽½Խǣʵ̫ңԶˣǼӽ·Ҳ໨һµʱŵ
Ͳˣ޸Ц˵ǶͷɶˡһԸԼĲ֮ǿߵʱܵñ˭죡
Ҳܵúܿ죡ǲԽ̡
˵ʵǿԲӵģ
һ֮ǰ̿ԵһΣԭĺľҶߴһֻϧǲƺûǸ˼ټ״ҲǺܺãԹѵЩðգԾӵǲĽ顣
ȽҪ
ðɣһϣһ˳
Ҳϣòҵһ֯ô군ˡ
쵽ˣôȥ
Ȼçײ޿ɲɵĿӰҰľͷӻǺѶԸģݡԭ֮΢еʶĶӣؼɣͱȽϼˣϣ򲻹Ļܶܲ


481 Գ
Խӽ壬Խط档
ӱֱɽкµĴССٲв٣ˮҲʼԽԽܼȻѹػһƬǳ̣ȫ޷ڸɫĴء
ҲԿֻҪתůһˮݷ֮صʢǿڴġ
ˮ֮ģе֮ûôƶ񤰡
֮󲿷ַɳ֮ȷʵûʲôֵʯϲȱ֮⣬ֽĴԶԶȲϷ֮ɰɳǺպ֮ûʲôõóֵز
װӦúˣֵǣΪļˣĿһûС
ǸõĶбóô
ڲ֪ǰ϶У
ŶǻźԵһˡ
ûжȥһѾ˵ˡ
㲻ȫӣΪɣһ
β鱨ѾϸˣԲóȭ͵ȷʵǸޱȽóԸģˮӻֻʲôᡢߵĿǡ
ЩС£ؼôܰĸţ֮£ץסβҪ򵥵öࡣ
Ǻǿǳǿİβ;β֮⣬ÿһ֯ʽԱеβ޺ʵ̴֮һȥץս֮Ӱ췴
ȱ˷ɶκͽǶ֮ڻе㲻ðţ
廢ڶʳѶ̫ˣɲǵϴͳɰ֮ЫȥɰץһβǸʱɰҰޣûʲôսϴĿ̫ټҰҪı¶ϴսʵ̫޳ˣ޹˼ɵͨҪЮ
ʱһƬƬذ׵ĺֽƬų֮ѸٵľۼһǳɫͷͫٻɫŮģͷϴŵɫֽ֯Ĵʼ֮һСϡ
ⲻ֯ͬôǧʲôѵʲôµ
ɶκͽǶܼʱϵжѾˣ̿ʼ
֧Ԯǵģ
ޱͲÿӵѿ
ԭͲҪһҺ㹻ˡ
һΣˡ
ף⻹ѵãû뵽һĺͷ죡
СƺûԴĻԹԵ˵ӦѾź˼ƻȻͻңʱԹ˲Ͼβӣжʱˡ
ǻɰǾ⾲ˣ
ûֵġ֯ԱһǸصֺ棬˵еֻۣҲҲֻԴǧǰĹϼ廹ǵļء

ٽҹ󲿷˶ѽ磬Ψкķһ̶ͣЪ֮⣬ûҹԵøӵİ
ʱһĴ䣬һЪϢӰͻȻһڵ׺Ƶۣסףֻһͷ¹谵ҹ˼
жжʼô
õ屻ҵĲԽԽˡ
ȷ˽ȷʵд·֮ˮľʧƬ֮ٴγ֮ʱѾӰ
߰ɣ쿴Ҫһˡ
Ҳ֯׼ӦŪ̫ĶͽβץƾǵȷʵֻˮľڣҪ˳Ŀ꣬ɾͲôˡ
򲻵ѣҪ¶ݣסǲҪսĿӰҰľòҪģ
ϣӰԭҪؿʼ谵ҹɫȫϢˮľڰе飬ƮʯʽСѰŶҵĸԴ
ľѾʧЧô
ˮľ֪һΧĶȷʵܹ죬û㹻Ӧƶܵڶûзɧң
󶯸ɸôҪʧˣ
ĻˮľУһ̻Ȼը
ݡ֮ףؼǶڣĳǸý˰ɣ
һ߻谵ͥԺԭǰļ́ͷըĻ⡣
ô£ĸ쵰ڵң
ǰ·İԭǼĻû뵽Ȼǡ֯ߡ
ͼƻеĲһټȥˣ취
һŤͷԺԸ
ʱ˻ȥᱻֵġ
㲻״ǲŶ԰ɣͷɡ״ңĺ˫֣һץסͽĲӣѴ֮ͽ


482 ֮ҹ
˾ֵУ˵Ĳӡ
һӵı޴йβͲͷЩһϻˣȻѾļأҿӣʱҲûܹԼȻҲòٺίˡ
ӸղŵĶĿŵ嵷ңб
ҰľǸϲ鷳ˡ
ߣĥĥһøɵ飿ڡ֯İţʲôҪ˵ܹæԼĸ߰Ͳǡ
ʺװԼƺɫףټڴͷƼҲǸߴģڰפһɱ
ļһȴ֪Ƭ֮󣬼ʧҹɫС
һᣬܵձըԽԽؿʼжҹѲ߿ʼȺӵûڰеӰԶľҶͲľҶؼطѾͨ˵磬·ˡ壬ͣڻѺú͵ҹĳ̶ȡ
ҹˣװǳĴҰľΧǳغʵ
ô£
ѾֳָʱĻǰӦͽжԴӲѾμɵ˱ץ
ͽҰľʱȻŭôЩɶļһڣһκľҶˣȻûаЩһһ򾡣
ǰϳжԵϴһβҰΪնϴʲôʱ򱻾߶㲻ɰ̺ľҶǰʧ
ʱҴææЩ̵˵ˣˣ
ʲô֯ץ𣿡
ҡҡͷ˵ӦǺ֯йϵӣԼ뿪ˡ
ӣ
ҰľúӶ
ڼẒ̌ӣ
ȥе˸ץҪôܵ˺ȥ
˵꣬Ұľ忪ʼǰƮȥȻ̫ڣĲǺټؼطǳֻҪǸ쳣۵ξ̾ͻᱻ֡
֮ôǷݵʱ仯أ
ٷҰľҲ̫ԸˣڴҰľ۲źķλʱ򣬼öѸٵ˴ҰľȻҵرը
ˣ
·̾ȵĿУϮĴҰľӿеصˤڵϣƵײôĶһ
ԭеĴҰľ̳ɢȥ֮󣬻ѿ顣
ã
ҰľȻᱻô򵥵Ĺʮս˲֪նľ档
С֮ͽֻҶڰ͵Ϯô
ѸٽӡȻ˫ֳŵء
ݡضˣ
ԭڱİӰѸٵˤڵϡֹ̧֮ͣһͷɫңڵ׺۵Ĺ׳ǰ
ǡ֯ôǰ壬Ǵע⡣
ʹѻڹĴҰľƿǰֵļһ
Ȼˣ׼ɣףԣ۾
Ұľȵؿ޵δε˫ۡ
ѵ˵ֻۣɡ
̽ĿǰִӰͼʶԶǳ˿Աģ񻰴˵Ҳ˵١
Ǵ˵е۾Ļ֯ԭô򵥣ǰʵؾܾľҶĺЩʧˡ
ԭûǷ̫صĳͻϧ⣡
޵һһ۵˵ǣڳ̶üͷֵĵ˲ûֻӴ񲢲ǺԼΧվ
͵֮⣬ֵֻĶ٣Ȼ˾˫۾ʲôر̽ϡŹֵͫˣÿһֶҪһ£ͷҪɢˡ
Ԥ
𱬷䣬޵·׷
еĹ˻һξʱ͹ͣ£ȻѸٷû˵ˣüܴС
ղʲôã
˫ǰ죬ٻɫͷӳǰԱ߻һͬվһԣ
֮ͨ
³ֵĵûи̷Ӧʱ䣬޴Ϭţıٻû˿ͣ޵Ļ·ŴҰľķ档
ݡȪӣ
Χʮ̵֮£׵ʹ˳ܵľϬţڵس֮޷ж
˭ŽһĵǰͱŻȥ
ݡ֮
Ѹ¡һƺɫεضķ򸩳塭


483 
Զ޵ʹҰľ̵սѾʼˣڰй۲ˮľûǰֵ˼ƻǿѾˣʣµ˼͵ֱսرǿ
ȻÿһʵսһӢ̣ҲǿġˮľϵľǶӡЧʵ̫ѲˣתԽֵɢΪգֱֵּС
ҰľĳһҪãҪǶڵĻѪ̭Ҳûа취ǰã֮£˼͵ڶġϵѪҪ̫⡣
͵һԾ䣬˼ڴɱ̲ȡǵļ䡣
βѾʧ٣Ӧǳˡ
һжԤ֮УƬ̣ǲ͸޾ܹץס֪ߵغĺˡ
һ˳
ֻҪƻõԡս̽ûһ˻ܹ赲
õֻͦϧңӰӽֽǵӰ߳˼ͶΧС
㣿
˶ԴߣǸð䰢ɵģֻǰһˣǰ˾ԲԳǲߵǸռһ
˲鷳Ŀ¶еͷ˰ɣľҶˮľ
˵ǺͳйֻˮľҲûкͼĵȤһĸԸ˼͵ʤ㻹еģ鷳ڣеô
ոԼܵûʲôֱսԽһͨ˼ͱȽ鷳ˣܵĻҪ壬˼еѪǱ㽫Լ鷳˵Լй¶һЩ֪ܣڷ⵹Ǻܴû꣬õһĲ
öԸǶӡὫֵĲɣֻҪоͺˡ
ƵеĹؼô˸Ĳʯͷôҵʲôأ
Լʣˮľ֪ˣľɽĸʧصЧǱʯͷ󡣬ضĸɥʧǱɱ˹ôԼʲôԵĸãд۲죡ھͿһˡ
ɷݡȴ
ǱߴҰľѽѷ֣Ӧûʲô˻עŶԣһҲûϵ
ʮ׵Ĵ򷭹ǰڶ˫֮ؿʼɢһͱ˲һɶ
û꣬һ
һηɷݣҲȻûиʲôв
δˮľҲò
Ȼɢ˿ɲõģµ˿Ǹ˶һЩ˺̳֤ϧЩֻֻۿƵĿܣҪͨߣ˵Ͳôˡ
ˮľʱĹ򣬶ֻˮľʹõ֮Ҳӡһһ⡣˼͵˫źڰͼչ
սôҿûںڰݵĲ֮º𣬻˰ɣ
ͨӿɲǼ򵥵Ķ̺֮ĺڰǴ壬е֮󣬻ڵĲˮľ˵ʵ̫Σˣ±ҲСһڰڵƽ⣬ϴɱɰ֮ЫһβʱʧأɾͲ֪ûǸٻָˡ
ֻǲڶԾǰ˼͵ûȵֵĻᣬĶ־ڰ̴˵˼š
ʲôҲɱ
ԴˮľȻЩ⣬ҲûзŹᡣ
֣
Ŷƺ־塢Ҳֵʱˮľ˼
ʱһʼӰ߳֡
ãҪˣϿ춯֣
ɲ֮䣬ˮľѸٳ˼ǰְסͷ­
Լӡ
һɫķĴˮľתƵ˼ϣеԼϵȫϣˮľûüֵĶ͵ʧ
ˣһջˡ
ץס˼֫ӡͷųɥʧж
ȥ

ЩԶһƬشεضķ绯ʯںХıפһ۵Ĵ׳ʯ֮ڣԭĿתĳͻȻ³һѪ
ôˣţǲǲ̫˳
Ƽݵĳſ˼ȥǵѪ̧ͷķ򡭡


484 ֻظ
ʧˣ˳û˼
ƽ˵Ų̫顣
ô᣿
СЩȣ÷һаʹֻ۵Ȩ϶ʲô;ôƫҲֻۡ
ǲǴľ̫Զ˵㣿
ҡҡͷ
̫ĸãֻһ˼ٴһõ壬֪ҪĴˡ
ҲǺ£İģʽ֣һξܸݵӦˡ
СЩǵʵģʽѾô
֪̽ģʽֻһǴĸҲ
ҪҲʦˣô죿
ĮȻشʹ壬˭赲ǰ·ģȫҪĵˣҲʦҲһ
ɵĻ͸¶˷ͬһľġ
ͬʱһİӰʯ֮䣬ϸѰĿڵء
Ӧþ⸽˰ɣǲ֪ģ

Ұɲֻܷ͵ϮڶʧصһɲǣʹͨͼվĶ˼ٻ
Ѫ޽ͨ飬ҪǩԼͿԴռͨĹΪսˣ֮Ȼϵʹʱٻ⣬ǩͨԼĿεҲͨ鷶Χ֮ڣСϡ
Ǳ֤սҪһôþսĻƵƿأΧתƣиǿͨսǿսĿѡΧʵսУý
˶̫ˣƺԤϵ⣬Ƭ̶ûежͨϵڣѾ˸֪Χˣݲĺڰ޷Ӧ
ʱռɣ
ץס˸ոճֵĶ˿ãȻߵ޵ж˿顣ŰγڵؿڵĺڰȻ󽫶Ĳк
¯죬ȻỹҪõףԣ㿪
ûǳ˵㣬Ȼ֪Ϊʲô֮УҰľɲôֻ࣬Ҫս;ԲŹ
΢΢𸡣˫ǰ죬֮䣬ĲٻۣһĹЮž޴Ϯ
ҵ˷ݵչֵܾ¡ըԭվǰ޵ѾӰԭֻһӡ
Ѫ̭Ȼֲ
Σͷ޵Ϊƣãʣµ˺һѲкԶԶ˿ûбһ򾡡
ˣ˼ʧҲôۣʱûжĵıҪ޵Ӱɾʹˡ
޵սϵĻ֣ôΧѹƵ˵ƣ޵øҲڳˡ
ʵǴߣûʲô⣬¾ʹʹĿҲǴڵģûǸҪÿһγԳŵ嶼һδݲУܲԵ޹ʵ˷
ԭһʧж˹սʵ벻
̵Ĺһһ֮󣬵ҲѸٵؽ޲ϡ
֪Ѿ֮䱻ٻ˲ͽȻõֻظ޸ĨһΪ˹µ⡣
ܺãսϡ
˥ĴҰľ͹˿ʹôͣһγݡԭ֮󣬻˰죬žۼ㹻Ĳڶ䣬εУײʣµĸˡ
ôܣ
ڴҾȵУԭӦûΪӼ𳾰ĵ˾ȻˡԽڶĶֻ˫֣ͽӡ޼᲻ݵѪ̭ΪΡ
ʲô
ӡЧʵ̫˾ˣֻҪ̥е룬;ԲᳬֻĽޡֻдԵĲ˺
Ҫи
ҰľȵΪȶͣ¹̶ʱ򣬸ְͶɣٴοʼѵϷ룡

βɫؿǰסԼӰװӦþɿԼӵġ֯еˡ
Ӧҵô
ȵҹ㿴Ӱĸ޴֪˵ʲôӦþҪȵ˰ɣ
е㲻ԣֱ˵˲͸о˶ԷǱŵΣա
ȻǿߵĹƭ˵ģҪĲңڵβޣƾǸô
޳޼ɫһӣڵĲ޼⡭


485 ˮ
ش޵ǺȭȻûܵǿȴһӡ
Ϊ˲䱬Ϊֲǧ̺ѾΪֲˣټβ޵ܹƴģģʽҲ͸ֵĹʤˡ
ļ
޲ںʲô뷨һԲϾͶҲʲô˵飬ֻԷʮԼЩ⡣
Ҳʲôˣòˣ
һȭĸ޻޼ɽʯһһ䣬֮ٷǰ޼ǰͿȻûĿ꣬ȴҲźڵϡ
ĺȴû˿ңԭβǿŵĲΪ֮һ͡
ҵĲĴˣ
ֲ̫ʲôɵֻܳΪ޼Ŀ
δ䣬޼б̣ڲ̵ĻᣬϵףȻһѪɽͬʱ޼ϸ΢䶯ž׽
տʼͳ˴ĺƾٶȿٷˣסܴļ
ŵĴ󵶣ԲΪʳ
ܴĺʱ֮ģһûжֵǲȻɫ̫վԶ˵òһ˫ɺ۾ȴˡ
дۣɱȫǲ
عͷ˿ǰ
ɱɽ޼̸ޣԭǣ
֪˵ĺʼѪһĲͷǣβ֣β޻ʼ¶
һԹսǲս˲üͷ˵սپɡ
Ȼ˵Ѿ㹻ԶˣԶӴĲƣﶼܸ֪һʱ̫鷳ˡ
Ը
޻޼β޻ĺβ޲ֱۿϣȻ޼ǰĵϣ˫ֽӡĲѸۡ
ˮݡˮ裡
֮ĸȫûӰˮݵķӣ޴ˮν޺ͺУ޴ˮУûˮս߾ǵ¹֮޼ںһ𣬱ɰ˰ĹеսԶͨ߿ɱȵģÿһιĽӴ޶ͨƤնֵĲֱԷɥʧֿ
ץβޣ˱óǻ׽
˵꣬˵Ĺ￪ʼβԺʣҪʹβ޻ȫȻǼΪѵģˣڵĲÿһܵһ֣ȥβ޻֧ŲסˡһһΪص⣬˱Ͼ½ˮʱˣˮ
⣬ˮľǰۣѰβķλĸθ棬֪ɢ̽ΧĶ
ͻȻԶĵطһɺƴĲƺһҵսС
ˣӦβλãű廹ûҵȿ
˲תֱָսĵص㡣

УѾսǿڣͶ֧Ԯеİģƶıһ㣬ûбƵĿܡ
ʱˣ߰ɣ
Ǿʱˣȳ֣ԭͨȫзϺɫȮڵȾ޴Ķ޷׷׳֣˲佫Χ֮ңڵϾ˵ʱʣµͨɫĿУȻѸǰʧȥӰ
Ұľŵ׼ȴް취ҾֻҪãݡԭ֮ȻüΣԲڶзʹˣǺ˷ѲΪȻֹܻȹ˼˵
ѶĴҰľڰŰİһ޷ĿжԻ
˼ҰľԸߵĻ콫ʣµͨ޲

ˮ֮ڣսȫһߵƣˮӦˮ޼ǿ棬ѣԶĹܣܵܿͻᱻľȻƣߣȫɥʧֻܹ׸
ӹҪˣҲܷɣվԶǲܵĶ
ҪͷͻȻðʮͻ̣Ѹ޴ˮ֮ڡ
ף
Ϥĳʱø˲õԤС
Ȼˮиĸƾ׾ٵؾͶ̵ͻϮβȴ̳ûסϳˮΡ
һĸ޽ŵظ֪ŵ˵ķλȴûκη֡


486 Ӹ
ڸ޵ĸ֪Χ֮ڣֻ̣ˤˮ֮β
֪Һã㿴
ˮ費ؼŽУһǳõķ˱ݿ֮⣬ûʲôԵ㡣
ǲдɨΧ߿ɼĵطûκη֣Ȼǹⰵҹ߲ѣдۻЩôġ
߷Χ֮ûжѵ˵ڵ£ԣϡ
ʮ׸ߵգһڵӰ˫ֽӡ
޹ҹò϶ǿģǲ͸޿ɲǵһˡ
ˮľ
дͫ΢ƺжϵ˵״
겻ɢû˵ľҶк
û̫ţȻͻȻҺܲöԸһβٴˣǲһԣϴһǱˡ
ˮľû޵ƣ˿·ʱĺ˼ôܽȳ
޻ת֮ٴηʯ¡Ѹٽգͼôβ
óѣ
޿ɲʧܵ衣
ˮݡˮ޵֮
һֻ޴ˮˮгصײڲߵʯ棬ǿĳѾԵùϸʯϡ
ˮľüͷһ£˾ԸˣջҪһ
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487 ͬ
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һΣβͺͲһˣʶĺ̫ܲԣֻ۵ߵʱ򣬱˴ľŴβǲһġ
ٲԸҲò³๲ѹأĻʧľͲʱ䣬Զʧˡ
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β޺ǿѹ֮º֣Ȼַ˵ûжôˮľͲһˣֻҪˮľʱռЭܡ
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˵ֳÿ˶ҪҲǲ⣬ˮľ󣬻̫˵㣬ǰܣ档


488 ʱ
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ˮľЦؿβߵķЩʧҡҡͷҪǡ֯Ϯ̴壬ֵǰβȾͺˣˮľаæ˵á֯顣
ޱؿǱӴܵβ˫ǰ죬˺ΧĿռ䣬ҲһƬƬΰ룬ܣǸӲܵ顣
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489 һ֮ң
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ˮľǣԼı׶˵ʲô
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һˮľǺģǸõȻƫģǵģʽͬĸԭ
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ӳˮľǷڽѲߣһûô˯ƣòУҲʲô٣һʵǿҾͨҽ̣ͻȻ޷Ҳʵ̫ˡ
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־Ұϲʤ뾯Լ׽Ľˣܹõֱ˾Ŀ϶ְǰ϶顣
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ʵڣˮľͷٴһãԶڷ֮ҴķʱҪ£
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ˮľģʽȱݵ˼еķΪȻеȴҪӡ
Ⱦһ̶ܴ⣬ûʲôá뷨ֵע⣬ΪʶܱŤÿһЭζݸһ
ȻؽܱǱĬĹ۵㣬ЩΪɺϣƺЩף
ףǾ覴ã˷Ĳ£
ˮľ˲Ķͬ£ˮľòΪҲŵµģʵԭ򣬿ųֻԼ֮ˮľӽĿܡ
ܷ̽ΧȻػܵơȫ̽־Ȼ⿴̫ǿ֡һ˳֣ӡ˴Ͳľҹ̽类˺ѣһԭڵҪһڳ״ʲôӣ
ŷطˮľҲף»ҪԼ⡣
ģʽʹҪأԹҷѾ޷ˡôҪҵƵķ
ҽ¡ȼˮľǲ̫ģ뾫оǰһûκγɳͨˣ̽ζѧ̽ȫȲţĲҾԼ޼ƿʩ
֮Ҫܴ⣬ռеλȥҴ衣֮еĻȥ֮߷֮Ļȥһ
¾ôˣΪıʣԭоҲҪ仯ӡķϵҲҪһ΢
Ҵס˵˵ջΪǴʲôô
ʤްɡ
ҪоķЩź
˼ʬʱûʲô֣֪ǿ֮⣬ûʲôرеֻۣǲֻΪ֮죬ӳûʲôоֵת֮еƣ
ǻʧԭûָץһ͵õһֻۣҲҲһҲûľҶоʲô
ΨһеֵľǺڰĺڰٺòòľӽʣֻûʹá
ûãˮľе֡
εҡҡͷ
ⶫݵĲ򵥵˵ͨ´ڰڲתᱻţҪˣҺڰյķΧҲ޵ģ̫Զ˵Ļû
˵ԭˮľеֵĻھʹ÷֮ϵرɵķϵϡ
ҪܹӾ룬õ뿪̴ӪͲҪ֮ðգ
Ҳ˵ȫǼߣ
ĿǰˣڳŵѪҺ˺ټһҲ޹ؽҪΨһĿܾǵˣܲûתͨ˵ԸΪ̽ƽһ
ˮľڰ֡
ǶǺ󻰣Ҳ˵æµ˴ҹΨһջβĽǣջһβ޵Ĳ

һβ޲ʲôãûħԼϳʮβһһҲûӰ졣ҪĿǲá֯˳ץβʧˣֻһЩʱòϣԺҲ֪ôõĶƺмֵʵԼû
ջеģģʽΣô
ðɡ
ӲҪ˵ĻȷʵˣԼģʽɢӽ
ڵΪֹûȥˡ
ԣҩʦˣ

ɲֻģʽй¶ˣҲ֪ʲôӣ

֮ıڴľҶ壬ȻҰľܲԸּҳֻôס˵Եײ˵ʲôӰ죬̫߶˵޹أô飬̴֮һ֯ϮڴɰϮľҶĴˣȻʧҪľҶСܶ࣬Ҳˡ
ȻһľҶΪЦһԭҪ϶ԵУؾܾ˵ṩ鱨ʾҲûбӡ
󲿷˿ֻЩ̸ʣΪľҶϲ㣬ͲľˣȻûܵס֯ϮľҶһôӴ鱨Ұľÿɷֻ۴ԣü֪һЩԶܵձǸ֣Ϊֻ֪ʵڵ֮һǶԺ̴ϵһֻ鱨ٴС


493 ò
鱨ܴԣֻ֪ܵϮʧĴ
ֻ˲֪еϸڣв۵ֻ۵֪ҲǺ⣬ԶﴫĶˣ˵ôҲʹ˵еϹϵ
Ҳֻм˲Żȥеأ֣ǡ֪Ҳѧ֮һ
Ҳ֪ģҲֻۣôҲֻ֪֯ô
ԽԽ۸ӣ׷ԴȻƵľҶ弸ʮǰˡ
ôҲ˵Ѿ֮սô
ֻ۲ƾճ֣ǡζ֮
Ҳ֪ˣǲǻ᲻һеǰȥ飿
ЩǣҲǺǿģʽ֮£ܹԵеˣ̽һֶֻĳֻ۰ѧҲô죿
ô˵Ҳڶ˽жн֮ǰʱõģֻǣҪŪġ
̴壬Ѿԭȵľ䣬̽ĸ󻼣Щ鱨ʱֻǻӰԼ֪ľܡ
йֻ۵Σճ̶ȣðɣ̽ľҶ壬ʵҲûжٿɿļأҪҲһЩ鱨Ҳͣ񻰴˵ĳ̶ȡ
ڣҲֻк佻ֵ˲ֻ֪۵׸ôӦˡ
ϣ˿ܹ³ɼӹһЩ鱨ɣ
Щ̫飬һ鱨ؿѧ֮ĳۣ˵һԭʵػֻһЩʵƷڼأЩ˸Ϳʲʲôмֵ鱨ҪҵĲ֮ס
²˳øҲЩ꣬Ĺ߳˰칫ңžڵʱȥһɢɢ˵

ŲϦպѾһʱˣΪԵţʵǴڳڿȱ״̬ʲôشжһ㶼ɻӰָɵİΣճľΣְλҲֹһ󲿷ʱ䶼θΣƽʱڣҲ᳤ڱһ˵״̬
֮̿ǰǶæµʱжͬʱڣҲʾϦպ죬ҲֻμԱĳҲǺܶ࣬Ҵ󲿷ֶҰӣһʵϰ״̬־һʱŮ־Ƕ¹͵ʮʣµɽоҰӲμ̿ԵǸسĿ
ʱ˾ӶߵϦպ죬һ壬һߺͬŴ򽻵ǳ·
Ȼһ֮ڵĿģǾǺʹҰӣеˮľ̸ǸΣճ̶ȡ
Ϧպ첻ƽߣ丸ľҶպϦ죬Ҳһλḻ߽̹٣̶̺ܹܶݣϧǣôһߣʮǰβϮӵʱս
мѧԨԴϦպСܵõɽҲܹѸٽ̵ԭڡ
̽ϾһΪʤᣬŮϾơ
ⲻʲôӣҲһܹı״ԣܶŮҪôѡһսĹҪôΪҽ߻߻ߡʵ״ƵŮ߲òѡҪϸĲƲߵøԶķչ
ϦպѾ൱ȫˣͨζ㡣ȫ淢չѧʶҲ൱سڻϣȷʵѾ൱ĳ̶ȣͨļޣҲˡ
ȻҲ˵Ը߼Ļһ̵ֻ֪ʱˮľҲ粻˶٣ۻûеܹʱĳ̶ȡԷزĴһЩϵҲ֪һЩͲд۵ͫа֮ĽҲֻûϸϺзҲûдۣȫҲһ·ˡ
ڻļ⣬ϦպҪˮľ㣬Ȼˮľһ֪һЩ漰ĸ⣬ͬ;ĸ߾Ҳ׵ġ
ֱӶԾֵѾǻڽıԵˡ
øıһ˵֪սԻȡʤ㶼һ͡
Ȼ޷ֱѯʴҰӣʱò˽⣬Ѱ˲ٸͲľ֮һЩüĿ
ϵĻֻǿӴƻеһ֣Ҫһȫòֻ۲ˡ
ܹģʽзǿߣȴΪĻмֵΪرĴ֣µĽ̸ӣɲһӡ
Сӣ֪ˮľĿأϦպ͸ֿǿ


494 ɳķ
ڴҰӣ˵ǴĦʱΪ̲õСŮڳɳķ֮С
ܹĽŲΪ̣ȷʵ˿ġû뵽߰ʹ˱⣬ϵҲ˺ܶࡣ
ڰŲʵϰ涼ûΣʦ˵˰Щ鲻̫ø͸¶
ôӣѵ߰ʹ˽ˣ
Դ֮Ľ䶯ǺϰߵĴҰӣûڶʱڽͻȻı仯
Ϊ֮󣬲Ż׶һ˼ʲôȻԭֻڣ߰Ҳֻʱֿÿ˶òԼ·ǰɵĻ룬ڲǶôĲʵ
ȻҲ˵ʹ˺û˹ϵԭһжӣһȥˡ
ԼǸʦҲ֪Ϊʲôôæ޵Ľ̵϶Ƿæɵģ˵ڰ˰ȮڣҲࡣ
ʦһʱҲʼæµҪôڴӣҲھ
ڰŲԼҲѧ˲ٶϦպʦҲչԼв϶׼ۿԼջĴ
ЩԼҪģˮľΪʦĻûǣԼҲһֱĿŬôȥǸĿʵֲˡ
ѵýˮľСӣĹʱһˮľ嶼֣ٷִ֮á
ŲʵϰЧģѧϰû£ڲѧ;ϵܿɹߵ·ϵҪۣ
ѧϰСӣȷʵ൱㣬νѧԣž˲˰ɡ
ˮľѵõؿ佱СӣҲòŬһ
ʦǴڴѧϰ֪ʶս᲻ᱻķϣ
ˮľ΢΢һЦ
ôżˣ
Сӣ˼صͷ
Ҳѹ֣ˮľҲܹСӣ뷨ûѪ޽磬ûʲôر츳ƾͷԺŬ׷óеãҲ⡣
ˮľܹ͸δĴԽʱҲ򣬸ͨδŮˡƾ׷ŵıϾֻƽ޵Աǻ֮ȥ
߱Ͼһ൱츳Ѫͳְҵľѵ޲ʾţ츳Ŭţȷʵһܹȵϵġ
ˮľͳһᣬ̯˫ְڷӡ룬Ĭ˲һɫİĳ״屻ȡ˳
ʲô
Сӣֵؿˮľʦóʲôһ֡
Ǹ
ˮľһƺûôء
Ǹҵģ
ܹʿǹļǣʲôãСӣֳ
ܶ㡣
ˮľ룬˫һ
ףûϡ
¿ˣû뵽βĶϽǾȻôӲ
ڵǰʧˮľ΢΢ŭת˫ٴͨ죬ԡһ죬ǰϸĲ㱻ˮľ۶ˡ
ˮľһʱǱȫ档
űȰԳһİɫ״ˮľ汻ƻķӡ޲ȻݸСӣ
ⶫʲôã
ˣ
ˮľסϽǣĽɫӡн伤ֻɫĶϽһźɫĲӿˮľֱۡϵطţͼһʴˮľ塣
˲Сӣغ
ú£ûµģ
ųɫĲˮľ֮£һֻɫľơ
ˡ
ȭһǰĵϣضʱѣһʮףһ׵ĹֳСӣǰ
ǿ
ֱ۵СӣĽѣԣˮľֻһûô
ԣ
СӣͷѧˮľģۡȻеĶϽܿ죬һűˮľղʹõʱϡöĺɫڰסСӣ֮󣬾ΪˣˮľһʩչǿǸǲܵ顣
ɣϴһȭԡ
СӣԸصشڵϣôҲǴһСӣҲ˶ˡ
ͣ°ɣ
ŵСӣõԸ֮æͣ
ѿƣ
ְɣܹɣѾŬеĳɹˡ
ôһᣬСӣɫƤѾͨ죬΢е͵ļ
ѿأҺΣգѵʦҵ
ʲôһеߣϰƵĶ
ˮľѵ
ⶫ˿ˣ𣬾˵ʲô֪ʲô鷳Ƶϡ
ʲô֪СӣСرԹš
ϰúãȻһʧܣҲû֪ıҪˣ


495 һ
β޲Ŀͬ˲൱ˮľҲֻǿǿпƣõĴԺɰˡԣҲֻ֮ѡ
βӦԲĹؼڣˮľĿǰΪֹķмѪã󲿷ʵƿβ޲Сӣʿ϶ǲ̫õģڱˮľ٣ϰôãټϢṩĴѹƣӦòûãȻҲҪСӣԹ֪
ˮľѾβ޲˷ӡ¿ƲҲ˵
ϰҪųжȣеƣҪֲֹͣΣգӴƵһЩ˺УڲҪſǿսû壡
β޲ββ޻ǿսв٣Σ̫һСʧأͻᱻʴΪβ޸ƾ
֪ˡСӣͷܸоֲƺеϤ
ܲϤβ޲˶֪˶ٴˣΪͬĴҰӣû֪֡
Ȼÿβ޵ĲЩֲͬ죬Ҳֻʵʹõ˲ŷֱó̽мʵʽӴֻβ޵Ĳ
ˣˮľͻȻһЩ飬ȻѾ̣ʦû͸ʲô
ֶ
ûô
ӦòʲôöˣǲŪһѽҪƤԼҪϡ
ɣҸһ㶫
˵꣬ˮľóһݸҰӣ
ͨϣȥоɣѧʲô⣡
˷ֽ֮֮⣬ϰˮľйͨ⣬ֻͨ޵Լעʱռֿ׵ķӡͨ顢ӡȵȣһЩʵõͨͰͨš
ͨСӣЩɻش򿪿˿ͨ츳ô
ԼԾ֪ˡ
ܹͨʪ˵Сӣͨ츳Ӧòȥ
ҵֻͨˮĸ;ܣ㶼ˡӣҲɫʲôǿͨȺþãԸԼȥҰɣû̫ʱȥѰ̫õͨˡ
ˮľ˶Ȼ˵飬úͨĻһֻɵĴͨޣҽҲԣľͲҪ˷̫ྫˣû壡ȻͨʥһĴھ˵ˣԼ⣬ҾͲˡ
õģ
СӣͷʾףԼʦķˣȻѾָ˷򣬾ô߾Ͳˡ
ȻصĶܶ࣬мֵģͨˣһԵӵķͨʹ൱˲̫һ֮⣬ûʲô㡣
ˮľʦ־ʲô
־֮̿ȥ˱߾פӣûüͺûˡ
Ǿ˵ʲôû͹
죬־˻ҵģ
µСŮǲɰ

ۿ˵ĵص㣬ǰչļ꣬Сӣȥֳ֮
ڣûʲô䣬Ҳûаʲôͻ⾭̿Եı֮Ҳƽ
ϢңһӰ˳
β޲ôˣ
Ȼʲô֮˵ϲʣСӣڵķӡͨ裬ѧᣬģʽԼйǣộ
Կβ޲Ķû⣿
Ȼˮľ϶شòϣҲǶĺ÷
ɣʼ磬ҿҸ׵֤Ĳ²⣡
ôҲûʲôգ
ûУ㿼ǹôҪ˶ɵӣܹ֪β޲
֪Ҳûʲôˮľν˵бңҲûƤûСӣ鷳
β޲ӵβ޵̴ĸûһʶоβ޵˾ˣдԣĴĿӰˮŲοβôһ̶ȵߣĿڸ߲βϣȻ顣
ðɣҲֻôһᣬȻҲǾжô⣬ȷ˽ģʽϣβ޲棿
ˮľⲻȻô²ԼҲӦſøӸԶ˵ֶΣ
һֱˮľͼҵ˽УʮβݷָŴβ֮⣬ڴ²²ȻĹϵ֮һЩüĿ


496 
̽Ϊԭ㼶ڲ½ܳ޲ߣһ㣬ˮľ汾ģʽı׶˾Ϳ֪һ̽ȷʵ޵ѹ̫ǿĵ˵ֻۡת۵ȵȡ
Ϊ̽ʵǿˣܻûвһ㡣
Ͳľҹӣûһֻ̳дͫ
˵ĺֻ۶ûܴȥܹ̳֮֮Уֻ۶˻սȻǶ̽ӰһѪ޽ͫдۡ
Ͳд۵ա¶а᪺аȵȽֻ۲̫࣬ؼһ㣬ʮβҲȨ룻ֻ֮Ҳֻаܹ΢ᲢۣĲٿꡢ䡢ݵȫڡ
ֻ۲Ӧٴγֻ֣̽Ŀ͹ˮľôΪ˻ʵжƣ֮־֤ǧûһֱֻܹۣ֮ǲںھ֮£⡣
һʮβ֮ݷָɾŴβޣ˵ǺõģȻ̫ʣǾŴβ޵ıȷʵ־ļϲʮβ˵ԼȻһȻ׼ȷû˵ѡ
ȻĹײ֣βʽֳˣ˴ŴβޣֻΪŪһǿսȹΣյʱ
ͨʥģʽĴУܹܺõɸѡȻǵ̽ʱȴ˴⡣
൮֮̽Ѿ˥ˣֲȡȻĴڡ
һʼʹ˼Ϊľأʲѵ಻޷ʹȻճ;Ϊխ
˷˵ֻۣôءˮ𡢷硢ĵΪʲô
ʵ𰸲Ѳ£Ϊһε֮飬Ѿ󲿷ָ޷ʹòһˣѣ˲Żº֣ӡСȥνʲôԣȴòʣʹýӡִμˡ
Ҫ֪˴ͲľºܴܵͲľʹòʲôʱõŷʲôԽӡɵƿеĲ仯Ӱ̬ʵģֻԼ־ʲôʡ
Ѿ޷ƿزòԷеķʽвʹ÷ôȻıǸûʹãټӰ죬ѵġӼϾʹģʽ̶ֳĿܡ
ͨʥذ˴Ŵβ޵Ŀģͨһһֵˮľиˮ档
Ŵβޣпܾ˰ŵİѧʹȻƿİ֡ˮľЩʱ鱨²֮пܵһֽ͡
ľɽиͣβޡֻҵģʽзͳȻеƫˣ
ǻṩķû⣬һ̨СӲͬƺŵͣ󲿷ֶֺֿܿãʵģԶƵʱƺţã˷ŴβޣΪඨƵıݻıڼ汣ķʹģʽ뱣ý顣
ֻϧཫһжˡ
ڵĴսУչֳǿʶĶ⣬ܽβ̯𵽱ãβսֱܹӺǲ߶ԿĴڣǲβսĵ䷶
ˮľôźĲ죬ˮľѡһֱҴʹ÷ʽ׶Ҳ⡣
ԣˮľ̽ԭסһ£Ԥβ޵ദʽôģβʵȶҰȫʹȻ
β޲ΪӦȻý϶УԼѾ֤˲ȡ
ӦôˮľԼȫûԣʹβ޲ȻԼ֪ûСʵˮľҲ൱ΣֻСӣϴˡ
ֻΪ˵٩ɣ
ȻҪ£Ц˵Ƚ䣬֪ˡ

һ֮ˮľϸϸһᡣ
ԡ׵ʱ仯Ѿôˣǹģ
ϵ˲ʱ䣬Լ̫óԱҪѲ١
ˮľͷʵȷϣô죡
ȿ԰ɣˮʵ̫İˡ


497 
ˮľѡҲûгϡ
Ҳ֪ˣڵǣ۶ݵʱĳɹ˵ǲҲ̶ãٳҲβϵ䣬Ѫ޽ȫûš
ݺͻѾˮľóֶˣϳѪ޽ȻôѣȻԤϣǺ޽չĽԼΪʧ
ҲϣҪԼǺˡ
۶ݵģֻϣһˣɱˡ
һˮľüͷһ壬㲻Ҵɣ
ӰŮôƣԾˮľұ֤ʤùҰľݡԭ֮ʵ̫ˡȻ̫ΪȥǴҰľֵá
ҪŴɱɱѾǴˣҪһ㡣
˿ЩѪͷˮľ塣
ˡ֯Ҫ鱨Ͷ̫ˣ˵ˣ۶ֲʲô֮أĻÿ˵ʣ֪ԭ޷гɹͱ㣡
ðɣˡ˵º͵ֶΣ潻
Ѫ޽ֶ̫ҪŪֿҪѪο֪廻
۶ݣѪ̭ݵһ۶ǻԲںϣǻԵĲƺеϵȻҲֻˮľ²ѣ档
Ȼ۶ݺϵЩ𣬵ȷʵͬһֶֻǱʽ̫һ
ؼҪʲô۲ܻ۶ݵз̫鷳ˣòʧ
Ҫ񣬻ȥҴ裬Ū֮˵۶ô취ɣȼԼԼѰϵ䣬취Ūϸоʵڲ̸ס
û۶ݣֲȫûɱ˵ƶҲñ۶ݲ϶٣Ҳȫáֶòð̫ķա

֮ؿѧеѾβھ󲿷ֱֵĿ֮֮̽Ȼûз̫мֵ
ԴȥľҶ弫˺̣ûһľҶ߸Ҵ⣬õľҶΪ߶˵е̣ԴӵΣǷͬһĴ
ԭǲóĵڰ˰ˮľӺʣοʵǿʺϿܵĲпսټεİҲˣˮľƽʱҲæŮ־˸ڱ߾ʵϰУ鶼ղ룬ֻܻ
ԭΪмҵսû뵽ûʲôսأ
ҹĻ٣֮ƶıȣѼʱҵͶ޵ĵطҰ¶Ӫǳе¡
Թ֮󣬿ĸ˾ΧڻԽչ
⻰ɲһ߸˵Ļ
ؿ˲ѣûȼյĸˡ
ҪսȻѪڣǲܱĩãഺҪ徢ܳΪս񣡡
Ǹ㲻ְҵںսֶֻΣȻҪίǵһҪ
ܽˣʦ
شȥپͲ֪ˣ򣬻ҪԺˡ
ؿҲûż仰õӳ
Ҫˣ̽ݵ㣬ûзֵĻֱӷأ
֮ûߴ壬ʵСֻǼڴ֮Ļ򣬸ߺܶ࣬ľҶһҲֻפرı߾ӶѲ飬ٴĵطǴ轫̴Ļ֮û˻ûʲôڸеС
һָ߼񣬸о˰
ӽβŮҲһʹ˵еصĸ߼ܹ̽׶ξͲУѾǶǵʵĳֿ϶ˡ
һ㵹ΣؼǷǳΣգһû̫鷳ɲÿһθ߼񶼻һ˳
ƺ뵽ʲôתͷʵ
Σ㲻ǵһβS˰ɣʲôĵãҲܸС˵һ˵
ţ
λһ¡
һβμΣյ񣬻ˮľʦ»ɰҰһˡ
һΰеӡ󣬡ԭǲͬβģִ֤ˣֻԣû뵽ֺܲ
ȷʵǳΣգѾΪ̣һΣҲұ֤ܹŻ
ôΣգ
СЩ棬ƺܴ
ǸպĿȴˣһS̾Ϊֹһ֪߾ȻǿǸزƽʱѵһĸ߼ҷɣҺŮ־ƴȫҲֻƾ츳һ㸨ս岻֡


498 ·ƽ
ǰǴεڶܹʵˣû̵սҪ˵սӽ
涼һβûκ˿Եֵûдˣβʵǿˡ
£ĵˮľܹһ̣֮ʵ𺳣ӵв֮ĸֶǿƻˡ
̽ĸֺܶ࣬ǻúԶ
Ȼ˵ĶʵؿҲ̫ѧġ
Ȼ˵ò֯Աĸ֣ҲͻֵġҲԷƱͬεߣѾٮٮˡ
˵̫̫ǿ󲿷ﲻἤ־ĽԱܸзӳֵ̽ȼֱȽܵ£˹Ϊһȵ˲
ʺҪһǷ۷ľȴʣḻľҶʦȻҲ
˵̫Զ飬СǶΪ֮ľӸȤ
ô˵أ
ѵ¶Цݡ
ǸҪͺܶ˴򽻵ĵطλǰͶӳǲˣʱ䣬ѧ˲ս֮Ķ
˵⣬ܻؾ֣ڽϿμΣִڵģأ
ðҲ봩Ʒݵڽϣ𾴵̫Ľˡ
С̿ԼԵ൱ź
Сɲˣĵط
ؿҡҡͷ
ΣִʱҪպ÷ִ磬ǰѧϰάΰľʹϵ̫ӣʲô£
ǲǰ֮½ľɲصޡС̫һʱ̵صͷ

ľҶСϢʱѾĵݼһڵӰѰмֵ
ԭĳͱһգ翹Ĵͱʯ·ѾڵѪ޲ʾҵս
뿪ô
ժϵߣ¶ˮľݡ
Ѿ֮ˡ
Ѿ¶Ļأֵ϶
ҪľҶ׷ˡֻ֯Ҫ¶棬ԲŹ
ǽǶϴѾ˵ĳɰ֮ЫԴ൱ȤĴ裬ʬ⾡˵꣬ս״̬϶ὫԼվ
鷳ˣ̽綼ôһңĻʵ̫Сˡ
֮̽ˮľҲ֪һǱû˵ʲôһ񣬺Խ̫ãˮľȻҲûб̫ϣֻһĽЩż
ûбҪֵط˷ʱˣеĺۼطܶණƻҲܾûнмֵʵоˣҪȻҲһЩ˽̣ӡ
ʧˮľʱ򣬷ȥ֮̽ͬͻˡ˾ȵǣضһʮСŮϷͫݡ
Ҿ˵ôƽʱ˲٣ԭпˣ
һЩ̫ӦСŮ
ôƺ
ҽ𣡡
֪ˣ
һʼ֪ȥ֮̽ټķģòˮľеӡ󣬵Ǽǲʲôˡ
þִ٣ɫˣϢɣǻҪæ
ˡ
ϷŮؾһת߽׼õϢҡ
뿪ߣˮľȤʵ
ôŪһСɲж
ٷɧһ˵ĻʳǹӦġ
ðɣԸ鷳ҲûֻǴȫɲóɣ
ں֮ҵ˴ʵңӦͱˡֻһǡԣ֪ķӿѧһάʵҡһﵹǸ˲ţϧϵ츳̫Լ۽磬ǿһĿķɸ֣
ˣҪˣ˺ôQ˺üǱǿ
죬˵֪ߵغ֪ʵᣬ޼ɵͨʵ顭
·ƽεɥʧԵļһ˵ˣ
ɣҰںʵ飬Ȼ֪̽϶ЩڣĳԼǰʱǿƲס
˵ˮľ£ʵҲδضôУһЩ־ǣȻƿǵֻڣһ޾ηһսսڵµıԵ
ԭˮľŸ̲ǰа
Ψһȵܺˡ


499 
֪ʵ˺ˣ󲿷ֶٲִģҲ˰˰޵ķӣ˶ҲΨһʵ壬֪ԼˮľҲԼʵķӡ
ֻһİƷʮȶƽʱԱ̬ˮ԰˵ɻսɶѾ൱ˡ
ս
ʻᣬ漰ʵ飬սֵĻʵҽĳԾ˺ܲˡ
ûʵȷʵΪ˿Žľݵ㣬һʼľҶ塢ΪӦսоѾܾˡ

ֻҪ֪ԭ򲢲Ʋ⡣
֮һƫƧСսһ㶼ί̴ά뱣ԼΪ
ڵڶսսУΪսҲһȸľҶľ޴鷳
֮ʮˮսߣʹľҶڶսʱΪ
оֱˮ֮ں֮ʵңǸʱľݵ֮һ
̽սĲô
ڼľҶ壬Ҳδؾʹ覡
ҲΪֲĴɣȻˣҪһµģ
̽ܿѵô࣬ϼȲ˼ˣ鷳˲٣˭ں£
ں
⻰ԷλܹɵشһһȺìܣˮľȷʵϡ
ŲǰĲƽ£ʵǿˣĵ׵Ӣֿʼ궯ô֮簡
Ƕһģô㲻֪ô
Ļ鲻ôʿڻңЩļһҪ˳źǲߵ·
ңǲߣͼ֮ˣ֪ܡֻԼܾʲôʸվڵƸߵࣿһΪ֪Ťʲô𣿡
£пأСˣ
ϻ˵ˣûҵҲȫջ񡣡
ʮʵɹ󲿷ֱˮľһˡȻЩаֶˮľǲõģǼ֪ʶνа񣬾Ϳõˡܶණˮľ൱мֵġ
ҪİǶʵЧкܴߣЧ
ϸ˵֮Ȼȫ֪ˡ
е鷳Ȼֻǵӵϸֲʹ巢컯Ͼô꣬Ѿ޷򵥵طˣΣա
ϸо֮ҾӦòӦʴƣ
ȥɾҪʱˣ
ƷȻ죬ԭܼ򵥡
ϸں϶ɵһϸԶԶǿһ֣ͻųҩʦֲϸʴ־ŲزľѹƲסұ۵ĳϸҲᱻɡ
ҪκֻҪˮľϸ׾ϸĳϸȻע뵽һͻȻȻط滻Ч¹⼲һĵֻƺ̫Ϸˡ
㽫ֶй¶ף취
ڴӶе˷ѣҸ𳬳δһ£ϾҲֻһͨŮûƿֶҲͷֻẦ
ɣ»Ҫ⣡

֮ɳС֮УˮľͻȻҩʦʹ裬ɫ粻
֮ĹϵӦûնزɣ
ŴţԶԶˮľԤơȻԼҲѰûļһǱſɲʲôľ
ҪԼһҲˣؼҴҲ
¶Ĳʱ򣬱Ԥ̫֮˰
ƺʶЩҴҲЩؿǰ¶ΣϢİˣֻʢĺĻشˮľ̽ͷ۲ҩʦ
ˮľԲε̬ҩʦҲεЦЦ΢ÿôǰ˵
ҪԹЩҪԸ˵
ô
ԭˮľ֮е֮ˣˮľǽ䱸ǳ֮ʱ׼ţͷϾʹҴ·
ýţûж⣡
Ȥؿһ۱ˮľҴ塣
һֱҪ棬û뵽²лᣡ
Ҫˣҵı̸ɣ
زҪˡ
ֹ
Ҫı̸ͽвȥˣǴĻСӾҪΪƽˣ
ô
Ȼǵ٩ϷԣǴƽ͵̬ȣǱ⡣


500 ֮
ˮľȫԸʵԱȲ״̬Ĵ裬ҪռϷ磬ʵ˴زֻҪ׼õϺѱɱ
ңˮľոģʽľҲȷʵˮľҪɱĿ֮С
ȻһûбҪôҩʦ֪ˡ
һĲ֮ͣ϶ʲô£
ˮľؿò޺Ĵ衣
ϻ˵ǵĿģĻҲܱ֤Լ᲻ʲô̫Ϊ
ԭֻһɵΣû뵽ҩʦ鷳䵱Ҵ򵼵ķǱɶε˾ƾѪشһûлָ״̬
£ˮľɲҴ⣬ֻҪһԣ׼ȥǣҵǼȶĿ꣬ʹ˴һμͲ֪ʲôʱˣҲֻʲô
˫λź
Цš
Ҿͳ˵ˣ֮ǰŲغһνףҲȤΪһѪҺ͵ϣע¹⼲硭
ԭ£Ѿ֪˳ϸܣǲ֪֪˶١
͵ߣǻرעܹĶ¹⼲Ҳţ˵Ӧ޷ȵģû뵽ȻܹȻһЩϼһ˵벻ע⵽ѣ
ԭ¶
һʮ̬ϡʵȨߵ˼άģʽвСƫġԸֿܻԣǹעˮľһһ־ŲؿɲӶ
Ҫľ
Ȼ˻ʶģǲ֪׼ʲôס
ˮľƵط̵
壬أʬתȻ任һ壬ǸҲǺܴġ
ֲٶ췴ӦһѹҪԽǿռ˵壬ɲһ׵顣³ںԭ־ųⷴӦ൱صģΪʲô껻һ壬ıҪҲ֧Ųס˵ıȻ
־ǿһβʬתҪʱָôܵĳȻҲ൱أܹ壬Ǿϸѡ㣬ʵǿߣͨ˸ɲ˴ǿ־
Ȼ̫ǿ󣬶ԴҲδǺ£ǲǳʱֱӷɡ
ʬתҲȫˮľϵĳֵ췽ôһжһˣԴļʶض˷ļֵ
ͱ¡ǰͨ¡رַ࣬Լԭû㡣
ּ֪ļֵҲ֪ԾͲػ̽ˣҲҵҪԣˡ
ڱصõ̬ȺˣˮľҲһĻᡣ
ܹõʲô
ҪԼôΪȡô
ѵǣ
ˮľмЦЦļֵҪҪȻˮľһҲǱȻġ
ðɣȻ˲죬һϿв
Ҳûŭ
˵ԲʬתͰ֮ǳȤȻ֪ô֪ôϸģⲻҪȻҪôֵ֪ڵġʬת۷ڵûټֵô㿴صǰ֮ɣ
ˮľһҩʦѾ˸׳죬ʲôй¶ˡ
˼ȻĽЩ뽻ôҲǲ̸һûȥúһ롣
ȻϣףҲ㣡
ЦЦؿˮľ
ȻôҪ֮ôǰҲ⣬ǺηͣҪ˵ʶĶΣգϲǻ
ˮľͫ΢ɫϾ˵Żû壬δ֪Ķ࣡
ܰɣڰ֣͸ģֻܽһζ򣬻΢ļֵѡҶͬˣĿͼֵĹ̫Զϣú롣ģ֪ͨҩʦԺ̸
˵꣬ýɫͫ˿͵Ҵ塣
ˣСһԺлټɣ
̸ҩʦǸؿ˿ˮľȻߴѸȥ
Σȥˮľһ
ˮľ˸оΣգ
ҴȻȱʶ˽Ҳûо飬ǶͶĸ֪ȴΪ
вĻˣҲҪѧᱣԼ˵Ǹûȥˣ
ֵطʵ˷Ĳ£ȥҲúͱúһˣ


501 
˵ˮľ֪һСŮʱ黹򶨵Ļ֪׵鱨֮°Ͷ쾪ˡ
ѵ̫࣬˿ʼˣ
ˣҪǱ˷ˣٲ˱һ̣ͼĳֵ̫ˣǣ̫ɲʲô£
ҪΪû˵Ͳ֪Լʹ˻תôʹ蹴Ҫ¶ˡ
ܾܲʹ˾ܾɣ׿϶ҪеģûʲôģҪȻûˡ
ʲôģʽı׶ˣƺ֮ƲȥûһɿľģԼʩΪĻɵΣܱȻʴҪ
һҪģֻû뵽ҩʦôûã׵Ŀ껻˴裬ɱҩʦѺƶˣ
Ҫ֪ԭУɶȫˣһʼͱQĻ־Ȼ˳ϴȻˮľɲκСƵ˼
ڵǣѰպ뽻ĳ߶ȡ֮϶Ҫģˮľɲ뽫Լɶͷߣֻ֪뷽֣ԼҪĴۣҪص㿼ġ
ʵ˵ĺеֻҪؼһ㱻ʾʵֵֶΣԴ˵ûʲôѶȣܹܿ˶ãͻóǸЧʵֶΡǿİ֮Ҳֻһĵ㲦ǻȻʣȽݣҵǾý׷Ҫ
ҩʦףԼʵѹˣԴ裬ˮľɲһĵ
׵ĶļֵʵܺжϣӦòܳŪٵƭһѧŵоʵ̫ˣҪʵôĺǽס˵ǱȴҪν׳ɹ軹·ûǵоɹҲӰȶķԣǿɲУûģʽǰôߵµĻ˿Ҫģ
ʵ鷳ͷۣ֪ǰʱ͵һͺˡãʱü㹻Ļֲ
ʱɣ£ҩʦ˵
ˮľ尴˰̫ѨЩͷ۵˵
Ǳô죿˵Ĵ󶯸ɸҲ̫ˡ
ֻҽһ޳쳣֯Ȼҽ޲ĻҪѵʱ̫ˡˮľûǸйЩ£ʹ˵佻֣Ϊʵɵ˺򵥡
ܲߣ˵ΪƲŽ鷳ˣʲôת־ͳȥ
ǵģϹʲôŵ
ˮľЩΪѣǳڳŵĿǡ֮˵ᱩ¶ˮľܻص飬ԻôӶԼӲģôڴ·ϡ
쳣ʲôֵùעô
츳ˮʺܲҲһķǱʣϸļãѹܹڲпʵдô껹ûʲô״
СŮԸǽԼָ࣬⸱ʱɹģ
Ҫʵ֣鷳ǣˮľֶζ̫Եͨʹõĺ޷Ԥơֹϵģʵϵ鷳
κˮľ˾
óϸƣͨδܵļ尾
֪һ˵ֻһ䣬׺ɣߵһȥʧɲһܹܵ˵ģܱĿǰܵ˺¡
ˮľҡҡͷñ취ɣֶ޳֯ơ
ôѵľɾʹˡ
ô죬ҲǺ£ҴԺֻܲǽӴͬ˵ʺ
˵꣬ˮľƺ뵽ʲô
ȸ˵ãƴ£븶ͣˣԺʲô¾Ҵȥߡ
ˡ
ˮľҲ׼ˣﻹһЩԼȥ
ˣһ˺˵ˡ
һӡᱻ˹
ʲô
ں֮һС⣬˵Щֵ֪
Ǹûĺˮ
ⶫˮľеӡòںˮпͨˮֲϸһʮֹͨޡ
һѱɱȻ֪һģƺƻ˾ͻʵαװⶫֻҪˮɱҲֻ÷ӡסȻ˻
ˮľ򿪾ᣬų汻ӡĶֻһСˮġ


502 
Ө͸СˮˮľЩŹ֡
ô㣿ҼǵӦһ͸̫ˮְɣ
Сˮ΢΢ƺʮֺˮľὫɱ
ֶûˣȻ̫鷳ⶫɱȹˮµˮҪˣ˵ʲô
ƺֻǺܿϧĿǰˮľȷʵҲֻΪһп޵İˡ
оомֵľ̬˾þҪŮ߰ɡ
ܹɲˮҽˮݣ޸ļһȷʵ˼

̴壬ѹֲѣһչ¶⣬ܶ˶Ѿǵʲôʱˣˮһ̲ͣؽٵսֵĹȣϴˢŻ֮ȥѪϢ
֮ߵĽλϣ껢ûмϣʱ̼ͼǱҵΣ
ǰոսβӡãĻɢ֯һ˿ļ󡣺ڵҪ񲢲ǲ׽׬ȡҪ֯ѣԼ̽е鱨
ʱһתһϤӰǰڵ׺ۣߣɾͲˮľǸðƻˡ
Ϣ
ǲó˵
廹ûбװγļϢβѾƽػص˴ӡ
ˣôᷢ飿
֯˵ǵȴոͷֻҪ֣Ԯѡ֯׷
̴գ鷳ɾʹˣǿץβѾĲС⻹ƻĴӵıĽȻʵ壬ڤҲܹ׶Ըĸ֡
̫ƺ˻Բѵߣ̽ҪŮߵˣƺܲ
ûǲЦ
Բѵԭʲô
ܵϮǾͽȫ˵ֻһȷˣڵ׺ۼߣ
รˣϮβʲô
һֱΪˮľӶжֻΪ˸֯鷳ɵϮӵȻΪ˳ββޣľҶľβбҪôذνġѡ
ǲˮľôģ̽û²׷档
Щ죬ҪٶںӣβֵļһбҪŪȽϺã
Ȼ֪ˮľʲôֽţزԡ֯Ǻ¡
һע
Ҳ֪ԣǰʱ仹ոճͻһ
֪ļƻβн꣬ҲΪˡ
ȻǴ̽鱨βĴ·λȷˣֻǲ֪˭
ǲһת
Ȼ֯˵һҪ飬Ǿɱ裬ؿճ¡
֯Ĵʵ̫Σˣ˵ʲôʱͻ֯޴ʧֺĳԱ֪ʵ̫ˡ
ҵټô
üĿˣɰ鱨ڷ֮¶档Һ͵ϴᾡȥȷϡ
Ǵͽˣ
пܣһõϴ˳һβץ
С
ĻƮڰУǲӰѾʧ
ڣһƬ׷ɵֽƬۼСϵģ
ô
ʱû赲ҵĽŲȻʵ
ˣ
õĹϵⲻҪ

֪ľνƽʱ⣬ֻ֪߲ףڲǶ֮ǰƽʱˡ֯ۼôṢ߸һЩС׾٣ҲСӦԡ֮֮е֮Ѿ˴ˡڸ˥ķ֮ˮ֮ͬΪ֮һҲûֵ֯Ϯ
ľҶ壬뽾ƻļѾԶˣÿһε̿ԣ²Ҫʼˡ
һΣڰ˰ʣµȮڣˮľûٴβμӿԡ
⵹ˮľƫģ߿Ȼÿһζỻ٣пβμ̿ԣβμӵĸ֮١֮ǰȥеһο԰;ֹܶ࿼ʧȥ˱ֵĻᣬ̿ԿǶǵĲ
̫Ƶزμ̿ԣԿΪӡ󣬶ԵһβμӿԵĿƽ
λһ£ôξ͸һЩɣЩĸļһһҲǺ£


503 ӥ
ѭһʦصĴͳͬΪصʦ
Գɰ˹꾭ҪһЩ漰⽻ˮľҲʮַæܶ࣬ؿȥ֮ع֮ҲˮľСѹͬʱڰ˰ҲܷβܣŮ־ڱ߾ӵʵϰˮľܹ˵ʱ̵ܹݴȮڣһЩͨ񣬼ˮľСĸдҰӣˮľҲҪѲСľβ޲ôΣյĶҪʱָһ¡
ƽƽ֮󣬸ҲͼһЩ̫Ҫɳȥ߶սųؽ̴Լ̽֯ʹ鱨档ǾһЩ¡
ؿԳɰ˹ˮľϵĵӺأˮľҪ飬һЩָɵҪȥɡ
֮̿󣬾ѡ֣һСҪʵҪֶӵıơ
ףټ֣⣬־Ұı־ǷҪָɷֶӳ
¹ü¼¸ֵķԸԣˮľսҪˣԽǽӽβĸΣյ϶࣬еļ̲ڴԸ͵붷ŹĵƦ
ź֮ʣµҪǾ崦ˣˮľ
S񣡡
ֵݹһᡣ
ɰ崫鱨ڷ֮һҪȥ̽пܣץ
濴ңǸսԵ񡣡
ˮľεЦЦܹ̽ģҲȫԸĳ˵ܰ쵽
һˣ
ϣ㽫ڰ˰Ϊʹ߳ʹɰ壬Ȼ߲㶯ӵĵ̻ǲģ߽ĸ׼ǴƣҪһЩԴ̡
ˣ
Ѿǵһθˣ˵ҲĻһְɣľҶֵ۵ռҲһֶΡ
ʵϵİ˭
ᰵЭ
δ䣬ŶߵӰˮľߡ
˰ͺðˡ
ˮľŤͷһ¡
أþòλҸôƺ

ԼĻش𣬴ߵ´Ǻþòǲ
͵Сӥô
һǿ׳ѡգ
ˣ
ֹ˵ĺѡ
Ѿ֪ˣＯϣñҪĽͳ
ǣ
˻ش֮Ȼʧ
һʱİж˲٣
ڰչ
ôӽ裬ô
ˮľ֪ڷ֮ȥҲûʲôãҲҪȥһ棬˳̸̸顣
㲻˵ôߣҪεģʱıֲȥЭٺòˡ
ҲаɣֻҪִ˾÷ģûʲô
ҪǸǺԴֻҪܹﵽĿģ˭̶ν
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ԴѾ˾޴˺ҲܲܶľҶ񶼶֮ǡǿʵ٣ôһֱ޿κΡϾԴӽָĳţһȾӰ֮λҲֻһ֮ңôԴʹãʵǸ⡣
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ˣǣˣҪԹֻǰ꣬ŬԼҪģ
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505 ɳ֮
ﲢûἰڰ·ΣգټˮľߣŮ־ˡȮڣﶼû̫裬ĸҲûôȻҲغǲʵ㣬ɫĽ
İ֣ˮľʵǲôϵġػãǲҲôðɣǧǲģγҲܿˣ˵ܹһЩæģĺʹּǿߴˮľܰæֻҪܱԼͲˡ
ôĻǲЩ֣ʵҲǲ⣬ˮľ˶ЭԼֻǸӡ
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ðɣԽСˣԽϲԼȷλãԭʵɰ壬Ӣһŷɥǿߡڿļ֮⣬ȫһҷѹֻᱻϴһ˳ץһβҰޣǿ̴Ӱûм̴ô˹
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ˮľķѾڷ֮һЩӡǣ̫٣ûиǵҪ򡣵ˮľЩط׵֮ٳֱȽϱա
ԶԸĵˣʱź֪ͨң


506 ǰ;
ΪɰҰѾжܾˡԴȥϮľҶʱɰ帶˲صĴۣŽһβ´ӡ
Եһβغ״ͬĿֲ鷳ԶԶսɰıӻˣҰΪҲɰĺ
Ȼʱ䣬Ұ޵ΪѾ൱ĸĹۣҪŤתĿĹеӡ󣬿ɲһһϦġ
ǰӰĶӣж֮⣬ֻ翱ɺͽ־ϼ棬ҲʵǹˡҰ޲ûбֳʲôֻĬĬؽܰţҲҰѪȿ־֮еһ
ҰޣľҶˣ
뵱ý־ϣһֱгʱҰ飬ȻԼвҰ޻֮󣬾ͷһЩ仯ԼܲܿЩ˵ƴԼĵܵܣϾ˭ҲȷҰ޵ı仯Ǻûǻ
ľҶˮľѧ룬ľҶ˰æ˵飬ǲܹô˸ıһ̬ȡ
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ʵֻҪ΢е㳣ʶ˶޻̸ֻ֮ǱĵļһΪ˴ﵽĿĵֶζѣô򵥵Ļˡ
ҲĳЩ˲ؽӴˮľķӡֵĿģľҶͬˮľֵĻἫֻͣҪܹԵжʩѹ͹ˡҲˮľúɰϲ㽻̫ԭвأ˵ͻᡣ
Ҫ˵һ壬ʲô˵ĴΪΣɾµˡ
Ҫû˻ֻ֣ܾܼβˣֱĺۼĨȥȻ¿ʼһҪܼߵļɵѹ
ĴĿӰӣһ˵ǣʦɰʵȨ滹ǧͺϲ޵֧֡ԸͲҪʲôֻҪĵسɳǿʵڴҪʱ׳ôû˸Һǵĵλ
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־ЩģֹҰޣΪҲ־ЩûվȽŸʱԽ࣬ʲô¡
ֻпܵĻ־Ҳһʲô˿ӲԼΪˣһǲġ
ҪȥһʦǼһǧˣ
ܰܵģҲˡ

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ƲӵʱȥҰޡɺ־ϵʵǶˣľҶ߲Ҫǲȥ󿴿̿Ծͻ֣ᷢľҶҲе̶ǿġ
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ʱ䣬ҲһЩɵĵطûʲô֣ҵ軹вСѶȡ
һĵط϶ҲˣֻЩ˼ĵط˵еܡ
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غͷͬ⣬Ը裬ˮľֻЭߡ

ʵ൱ĵһ£֪˴µķλڷ֮ããɳ֮ҵһˣǴһѡ
һԿ϶ǣڵضڿߵĵط
֮ɳ𡱾Ǵڷ֮һҪݵ㡣ԭУϴͳɰ֮ЫΪɱ񣬲رߵĿճ½ָڷ֮ʹ֣սĵص㣬˼ĵط
Ȼ֪˴µķλҲƫµķ򣬳ɰ֮ЫˣҲ֪ûзϵϴ׷ɱ鷢һ㷢˸ıĻĻӦûûб¶ĿԺܴ
ѰĽ˳ҷ֮ҲʮܣҲͻȻһ磬ķɳʵᣬϰ˻֮ɽˮֹطʵǲϰߡ
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ҪҪҼɰ򵼣
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ԥһ£ǵͷϵ֮ǰɿӦǱɰ壬ʱգȻҪְ
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ЩΪشһ꣬ɰֲ㣬Щ˸һĻᡣȥɰϮӵʱȻûеõ׼ȷ鱨ȻؿϢʾΪĳЩԭûдݵؼĸϣ
ǴڲôǷ̣
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ֱ֪ɰ岻ɿ֮ϵŵõһЩϸ鱨ɰͶ֮󣬸ִٰϵͳʱ򣬲ŷȻô⣬ǵʧְ
ðɣЩ鱨ȷʵ˸еЩΣŲض߲յɰͶһжȷʵӴĪʧ۴ĸɰʹֻѻʯǳͻһʼҪƾͻˡ
뵽⣬ˮľ²µغǲǰɰĿģ־ŲӰ˥Ļᣬڲ廹½ɰӦϵЩǸֺͰ飬ˮľ岻֡
лл̹ϣأ
ˣˮľ֪Ҳ޷ֻǷ뱣ܣ
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ȻпɿԼˣôЩҲֱһ㡣
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ûصľ壬ҲûдˮľϢԴ
Ȼ֣ǱϾڲͬϵͳЩ飬ǲҪ֪̫࣬û塣

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ŹŮǺܻӭ԰ۡȭȤĲһ󷽵չʾһСܵӢŽýȷʵɰϲ
ȮڣûǸ˼Сѣˮľ˵Ŀ֮ģǸֻĴѧ޺ܸȤЩȮڣս̶ǵļһ
㵽ֹıԣȮڣʤһգ޷ȫսޣڲûдﵽڷܻΪʵʵʵĵز
ȻǸ֣
ȭŵȮڣڲʹ̷ӦԵЩٶȺҲԼ٣ֻǿó޲ûܵϵͳѵȫƾŬͺˮѻɵʺս֧š
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Զ֮ĸ¥ϣˮľ͸򿪵ĴУϷ顣
һڵĺг󰡣
˭뵽ȥӻսܾǶ̽ʵдˣԴֲȲƽ磬֮ԼľҶȫĿڣֻҪ¶˿ƣ̬ΧĸͲ飬Ѷһס
ʱˮľͻȻһһСֽƬӴƮ˽ˮľһ̣ͽϣ˿֮ĻһСֽƬͻΪҽƮɢ
֮ɳ𣬲ɰ嶫Ĵɳ𣬱ָˡ
ˮľʱΪ̽ЩֶǷϲĵļһеЦľҶӰӰǰλӰûһóݣֻĿԳնֶͨǿʵĶЩʲôľݡˮݡݡʱռҽͻѹûʲôϵзӰҲûóݵģôֽɰ壬óʹɰҲס
֣־ʵȲʲôƷҲ̺еڶһ㶼ڣˮľˮݺľһϲͨ
棬սȲɽȣһٲ۹ɽûн۹֮ɳ˼ֽС֮Ĵɳ𣬺Ͷûκιϵ˭Ҳ֪ôģӺܾǰôˡ
˷˼ʱ䣬ȻԭˮľЦá
ɰһ·ư
֮ɳɰ廹еԶģ̣ʲôսĻǡ˾ܱ֡
²˳٣ϳ

ˮľĶ֮ɳһֻɫľܳĳԲϿա
˰ɣûЫϤεæǲң
Ӱɴŵߺð˳
ϴǰͿˣ棬ȥɵɣ
죬ɣ
ϴлԵ´Ͳͷˡ
òôҪ˵ĻͶһ߿ɣ


508 ȵ
ΪеЦ²۵İɣ䱾¶Ҳ˵ܵ˵ǲԵϴĹ۸л㲻
ǰҪСĵ㣬ǺġģҪˣһΪʬģֻҪָȥҲǴһ
ɣ쵰
ͷֱĵϴһŽȥ
úڰɣļһ
ûࡢҶļһڶϴʱ徻˲١
·Ķ֮ɳ𣬵ϴ͸¶һ˿ȡ
ǲ°ܽôʵɣ
ϴ֮Լ롰֯Ϊǲػܡƺûн飬ԼץԵڡΪ˻ܴԼǲϴ˲۾ϵСΪӦдۻСֶ֮һֻǺܿϧûóͱˮľһ١
ͳһűըŵ׽һᣬȻһơԼΪٵͻϮʹõC1ը֩룬ЩνСϴӿ£ȻڴɳһֱͨİµĶѨǻƬ֮Լٶȳ˽ȥ
һᣬֻ洫಻ıը
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ϴɲɵԼƣܵİĵȥʹսȵشڿУըˡ
ըȥ֮ƺʲô̮ȻðŨ̵ĶѨУ޴ļ۾˳һЩǱľߴſ¶Ĵҩʦˡ
ԭ㰡ϴû뵽֯ͬһôһıС˰
ڰ֮еĵϴм˵Ѿ˵ϼһҲֻҫĻԻͺˣҿɲһסһαүȻˣ͹Թɣ
ŵϴĻ˫ų˹
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ôõսĻᣬɲҧ˫ֵָȻʹͨһ׸Ǵ򿪣һƵ˳
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ΪɵϾͶ޿κô棡
һźɫɰʼۼһöö֮еĵϴȥ
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ȫûԤϵ֮еԼȻϮ鼱֮£ϴæߣضɰĹӦִ̫٣вɰ˾ȻУǺôҲסɰʱꡣǱ֮в㱻סΣԼҲûܵʲô˺
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ѵǴ˵еĻת
ͨ˳ĿӰǧͶĿӰǧ䣬ô˵ľݵɱĿӰԳն̽紫÷зǲЩĵϴ֪ˡ
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ЩǱĵϴԭЩҩʦġ
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ȷʵԵϴܲûӣûʱʹãɰϮγɵ׶𿴱أһ㶼̫ͨСɰûа취
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֮䣬ڴҩʦУԭֻһСͣһԽԽֲżž˵ƽ
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Ͳ򵥣ϵϴǰս񣬺һը֮£ܿˡ
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Ȼ˵Ʋ˵ļһȫҪըķǲС
һнĵϴϲԽҪкɴɨսֻЦδͣ·ͻȻһһеľ߹ѹŵ̽ͷſ죬¶˺˵Ĵҩʦ
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Ϯǰ֮ɳ·ϵˮľҲоԶǾҵıըĲ
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ˮľɫ΢䣬ֳܹô󶯾ģ˳ŵֻ֮⣬ҲʹҰľĳݺ͵ϴըܹĳ̶ˡ
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һϢƺҶԵĵطһϢǾǺ˽ȵˡ
ˮľʱӦˡ
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ˮľͷ̫ˣҪɱʤʵжܹˡļһô붼򵥰
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˵ҲãԴҲиˣľҶɱģ鷳Ҳ൱󡣴кܶණֱԴľҶ壬ǲӦľܣ֪˿ɾˡ
ǽжһȥ˵
²ܵ飬ȻԴģǲۿôòա
ģʽβ޻ͣŰ͸ˮľһӰǰһʧغ֮ڡ


509 ȫ
ͻȻչ¶ŵĸٵˮľø˴һ
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ǲЩɻˮľչֳս̬̿У̴ŮܽΪơһ񶯵죬һ޵ĳٶȡ
ƲĻӦҲпܱˡ
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սеľ޴ãԺᵽġܷ̽ɵ߼٣󲿷ֶǿŴͨʵַУܿԼһģʷصĶûж٣
ʹƷķҪôдйϵҪôǽͬһﵽĿġ
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ʱѾЩڽֱӴˣǾʹ˽һ߷˷Ĳ¡
ȻҪעⱣԼӦʱȣ
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ͷȻսǿߣǲζԼظ֪ͨԴ򲻹ţ޴ΪԼкܶûɲܰװֵط

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һοɲΪ˴ݻĳӣֻΪɱһˣģɱ˵ʺ϶Ը裬תĿӰڴˣϴк֮ܶЧֶζû취ʹá
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ϴҲûзϻC2£вϵ³һŵ·ŵ˲һ顣
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ʶԵĵϴһ߶ܣһ߻ͼ񵲡
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ڴĲ£SһΣ󱻳նϣұ߼ιҲնһĻڣѪȪӿһ
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ŴʼʩʧȥƵC3նε
ԸˣܺƣΪ˭СԸң˵㻹ɱǲΪĿꡣʵˡ
̫ĵϴһΪĳ˸ͷǱվĵϴְŲѪ˿ڣͼӻһʧ˫ԹؿŸԼشĴ衣


510 ս
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֪ĲS̫֮üΣԼĿǰ϶ǲٴηɿˡ
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ĵϴ˦ɵżܣֵĲ跽ȥ
·ĵĿżٶȲ죬߱ն֮ͻᷢѣһʱ죬żԽԽ࣬ҩʦ˰Χˡ
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ϴ֪Сֶֻܸһ鷳˲Ѿ㹻ˣȡôʱ䣬׼Ѿˡ
һž׽õϴ³γһһģһܡܻڲϱƬ֮һʮ׸ߵĳż֣跽ȥصĽŲõһζϴʹݡ֮ʱ

Խǽӽ֮ɳˮľоĶԽ󣬿ǱߵսԽԽҵ̬ơˮľҲܹȷϣǱ߾ǵϴʹڼսǵ׵âԶͿԿƣӦôԷڰ֮еĵϴ֣ǲ֪ûС
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׵ˮľϸ߿գɵ涼ԲСڵ֮󣬲ſʼٽӽսص㡣
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ԶٽӽӰǲء
еϴĴˮľϸ˿ȴûκεķ֡
·Ǹ͵ϴһģһֻδеֵܣΪܴʵٶȱͨȫܶҪöࡣҩʦ֪ҪܵĿԲˣֻٴʹıը
ڽӽ˴֮󣬾ҵıըٴγⱻݲ˺ܶϣ̳ø߿ոˮľ϶ܡ
֮󣬱ըľ޴粨ƽϢԭȱһĶ֮ɳһƬը˺ܾõĵ֮Ҫˡ
Ӷıըγɵľ޿ӣٴ³ʮףҪڻֵ֮οò˶ãͻᱻˮࡢ߱ĵˮԴ䣬Ȼγһ޴ĺֻǺܿϧǷ֮һ굽ͷҲûνˮָɺĵطγɺǻǲܵ顣ΨһܵĽǶԺ󣬱겻ϵķɳƽɺͷ֮طûʲôСɳ
ȻǸֽƲ֮ǰɱ֡
䶨֮һ˺۵ľߴӺɳ̽壬ȻҩʦǱش˳
ܴЧƺô
ҩʦ˿ΧľȷʵԸܵ
䣬Զĵһϴѵشӵ˳ֶˣҼ˿ڻûֹͣѪڸղŵĶУƷˡ
ϴΪʧѪԵò԰׵Ϸ¶ıóѵЦݡ
ΪôƲ˵ļһȫɣ
ŵϴһȣΧ˵ϴ֮лﶼ֮Уֹҩʦ衢һʱδըľߣڵϴУĪػΪɻҷ׷Ʈ䡣
֪ү˰ɣ
C4¥޵Ĺ֮ȫ޷ȥûбĳˡ
ɡ
ſطЦĵϴȻеؿһۣͷһһѩ׵ĽԼؿ˳ŵĵϴתͷһվ󣬴еĳ̴Լĺ󱳣һߵҩʦЦЦؿԼڵϴУôڳЦԼ޴
ôܣ
ĵϴʧʵ
¥ǰɣǸ׼ļ΢СɢڿУŵ˵ĺڲ൱ڶвСը֮󣬲˭ҪһѳˣǲĴ⡣
ֻǣݵĺۼҲ̫˰ɣÿĶԵӡ浱˶Ϲ𣿶ԸһҲˣΪ˭СҲɱң
Ѿ¶ô
ҵĵϴܻ˵
ҪˣҲȥһɡ
֮䣬ϴ񱻳һ͵ͣȻѸٵرըȸղŵľ޴ճ˻ҪԱô֮£û㵵ĴҩʦûκηĶͱһѳ
սΧ֮⣬ҩʦѸٵ뿪Ƿ֮أһηҵرըҲûͣ½ŲҩʦͷͻȻһ
ˣ֮ݵĿܶˣӰȻ͵Ϯ֣ҲڵϴԱлˡȻ֯ʽԱûߣϴҲСҪǴĻ˵Ļ
ṢһЩȡ֮
ܿϧǿ껹Աˡ
ˣ
ĪЦЦ
ҲɣûʲôϵˣиҪҪ
Կ¡ļڱصãֻҪ֣ͿԽԼ֪ʱ䣬ļֶ̽صܡ
ˮľĽʱУҪ׼ʱ򱻴˸ֲͲˡ
ס
ҩʦתͷ˿󷽵ıըƣȻεսƷһصϴĶ֣滹֮Ľָ

ƯյˮľȤؿ·Ϸƽ˵㣬ʤڹ𱬣ԱҲ㾴ҵɫֻǴսһһ˶ûҲʵ̫Ȥˡ
ϴǸһԱǼӰװģһע֮󣬳ûԱȻ˽ѿǵСϷҪģȻܹɵĵҲ֮ϲ
ôƺе㲻̫ãȻǲˣֵҳ˰ɣ
ˮľȰĿͶ뱬ըص㲻̫ԶĵطϢĵϴصغǲǰ·ϣ˶ã˾ͻˡԸˡƣߵĵϴʵӦò⣬ֻҪֹܹϴԱˡ
һεϴˡǲľĻ˵һȻҪһԻˮľˡ


511 
ôĿĲܸ֯⣬ܹնǺ£ԲܴʹĻᣬĩáСʧĴܷ
ҩʦȻѾܳһξ룬ػеԶҰţӦò̫⡣
ϴķϣغǲԸٰһб͹ˡ
鷳⣬ǲˡ
һοԺúôһˡ
й۲ǲȷʵѱֻ֣Ҫˮľģʽĸ֪ΧͺѶˮľĲ
Ϊ˽۲ϴʹսļһﲢûвضԶ
ôʼɣ
ǲ޵УʱռҲиɻͲд۵ͫҲһ㡣
÷黯ռ䲻ͬʱʹãռĶױԣ岿黯Ҳʱơ
ֻҪϵعǲ޷ռܣͬʱŵ黯ʹõʱƵ㣬һɱ
ɷ޻ת֮
һֱݲڵµǲղѾˮľ֣ûзˮľͲˡ
Ȼ棬ʺˮľ޻ת֮ӡ
ɫɳ΢紵ĺ棬һӿεУص״Ƶĺ
Ƭ֮һӰ棬ûվȽŸڰ֮оͱͻȻεضҴ˴⬡
ûдУ黯ô
ǲûɱȻ飬һķְҵȼˮľȫһΡ
ЩˮľԤ֮У޻ת֮Բͬĵˣ÷ҲһִܺͷƺǿΪٶĴƤ߾óٶһԸǲЩֶζУɧĥʱҪġ
ɰʯɵ״ʯϸһϸСļ̡ǵǲڹɫʯγɵĴٴ֣ǼУʱ̵ȴŵ¶Ȼ顣
ǲʵǺǿ㡢տҲǳܹ֪ؿĴĿˮӰʸֶóǼϡٵʱռ
˵Ҫ鱨й¶˵Ļɾȫһˣʵżв磬ʤҲôˡ
ǲٶٿҲûеˮľ죬ʯƶɵĴʱ̸Ŵжʼղеи
Ҫôأ̽ʮֵĴɣ
ڶ̬ƽУشٲϱ任״ʱ̱֤дڹǲλϣֻҪӵĻʱһܽ䳹׽Ƭ
ʱһһضȹˮľȤע֮£ǲͽ͵Ĵ񱼣ͼ޻ת֮黯һ̶ֹͣڴΪʮβ֮ǰûеģǱ£ʺ޻ת֮ķӣȵϸΣա
Σʱ̣ʱһǲϵĽһսոԽԽˡ

پĵϴѾЩݸԼ˵ֱۺ˵ֹѪҲֻܻһʱ䣬ʧѪ۾е㷺ˡ
˼άеģʱ򣬵ϴͻȻо߹Ķ
˭ʱ˭ط
ԼԤУӦȱľ֮ʬ޴Ŷԣôڵ˾еͷˡ
ѵɰˣ
ʹսĶʵ̫ˣżȻ˹̽Ҳǿܵġ
ȻʱĵϴҲϣԷǳԼģʱҪϵ˿ɾˡ
ãϣҪˣ˵ĽŲڿ֮ͣ
ͷ¶βļһѪһأѪζôأôܶùȥ
Ļڵµĵϴ֪Ѿ¶ĵϴûа취ֲ˷ͻֻʹݡ֮ӵܣһĲˡ
ˣ
Ƥӵ»ˣؿɲôױŪˡ
ݡڣ
˫ֳŵأµأػɰʼ͵̧ȻصĿ֮´мϿѵĿڴ˺۵ĵϴǱ˳ȻؿǰסԼȥ·ˡ
ôľҶǷ֮Ϊʲô
ϴЩɵʵ
ѵ˵ľҶʹ軹ĳЩɸ˵ĹȻǸļһﲻΣѹֻᱳ֯
ؿŻѪĵϴжŵǰ״
ģӦǡ֯ĵϴɣṢӲȻѵΣû뵽
ѪȾĺڵ׺ΪɫԵʣϴ˶ѪǴӱնϵֱۺҼԲֹۡ
ˣ
عϵؾûὫɵ
׼ϣСģҪ̫嶯ԷṢܹһ֮һС̴ĸ֣
һּǿߣ¶ԷˣԼֻǸҲǲ֡
밵һˣƽƽڴĻ᣿
صذγϱŵĳĽѪһۣǧ׹˸ӵ֮ϣ׵͸˿˿âÿĵϴͫһ
׶ߣ
©ƫҹֹ꣬ǿҸĲԣͷһǱȽϡеĹǿԣֻ׶һ㶼֣һľҶó׶ݵߣ˥ˡ
ľݡľ֮
ռֵ˫ǰ죬ֱϳһľͷϴƹȥľݵٶȲǺܿ죬ʤ㹻ʮѲϴôҲսǿߣ״ѣԼӶҲʲô⡣
֧֮䣬һľҲûմϴ塣
û뵽ȻǻľݵߣľҶȻ̶ֳȾɱң
ܡ֮ٴαóһԭǺܴսҲǿճż˦ľݵĹ֮£Ѹٵֳࡣ
׶ݹƻıը
κľҶ߽֣²°ܽûе᲻׵ϴ㣬Ҳǿеʱ
΢΢ͷһ˦һƬǧǧ䣬û뻹ڲϷѵճżУţֳеٳ֮Уһ·Ͻ·ɣܱ׷նΣȻڻսֲܱըʲô
ݡתƣ
ʱʹݣѷĵת֮ͽЩûʲôвȫᡣ
˾ȵ˰
Ȼǿξ֪൱Сʮܹͣ̾Ѿܿɹˣû뵽ȻǰһԱ
ȻΪն񣬵ϴҲ־ܡһСѸٳͣڲѸٱ
ܣûôס
Ѿ֪ˮľṩĲӦԷؼ䲻ݷس֡
ľݡĬɱ֮
͵ľͷ쳤һõľڵϴϾ׼ɵʱ򣬽
Ϭ׶ݴ̼ϸ£Լٶת۾ǧնͷ­£һӣһƬ룬ۿͷɲˡ
ĵûͣ¹ǧͣһѰϣֱûһ㣬ǧȫͷţӵ׹ɸӡ
˽ҪĹͷϴַųһƬɵƣԼٶԾ
֪ǧĵٴҫֵĳ裬ն䡣
Сģ
䣬ըûбɾƽӶرըС
Ҫ⣬
ʶΪԼŻᱬըû뵽ƵıըʵȫܵϴٿأֻҪ˺ΧͿˡ
ͷʹľݡľڵֵһ£ҲҪˡ
֪ˣӳ
µصͷһǿУ̫˳ЩѪͷˣȫʧȥǰĳ侲
ҪľݵıΧ̫Զ
˵ףҲֻһ֣Ȼ㹻ˣٶȺͷӦҲǿϸ񣬵ǱϾ鲻㣬Ҵ壬һֵס
ܲɵĵϴʱңϵû·սȫ·磬϶񻯵Ƴѹյһݡ
дۣ
̫Զʱ򣬵ϴûʵһˣǽ䳤ĹʱͷԼȵ顣
ǲɱȫ壬ΨһŹǸɣ
֪ǲ
д۲תĲʾĵĲƽ
ʹ죡
ʢ˵ĻһޣȫûнедۣʱõϴǲĹ
ǶƲϴүô
ЩõĵϴӶ̼ÿʼˡ
Ƕ
갺ϹԭܵЩǱĵϴɴ˷Ҫķǰ½¶һͷ죬Ž̾ߴŽ


512 
ϴϳľٶЩɣӽٶҲ
ʤѶûеİֵĻϴҪսˡ
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ĳϱƽϴ޷ҪǾôĻصƾҪ
ѵʧѪ࣬ӺͿô
ԭ˿λòƵֹѪѾѪȾ죬ϴһЩȫӶ
Ҫи
ḻغ׾жϳĵϴ׼ƴͬھ
ֹ
ľݵɧţѾ޷õϴˣ±ľݳɣϴȻſЦ⡢ؿЩż
Ҫ׷ˣ˶Ҫ
ԱɲĶ
ѹեȫϸֱȫ۵࣬峹ʧĴԱʮһøɸɾ
ȻϴֵĴӺζǲ֪ԼҪԼ׺ĵ֮ǰķ񱨸ˡ
ľݡɱ֮
ٴαأѾƣߵĵϴס
ϴؿڵĲӦԽԽǿңӴ˲Ĳۼһڵ壬֫ɡͷʧصľݡɱ֮ȻʲôЧ𲻵ˡ
ܹõ˵ϴȫĶ̺ĿֲҪǱڳûܹ
ʧǧй壬̫ˣ׶ǿԿݣȴʧŵըҲֺʱڵϴһ֮䡣ҪֹΨ̸ɵϴѾ黯״̬ˣûѸɱ
Ҫô
ٽͷãȻһ˲뵽飬СʱȰĸסĸס𾴵ĸ磬͵ھӣǶѪҹʹ࣬ζӿͷΪԼĵʦԼͬʹͬѧͬ飬һһͷ
ʱ֮ǰô
ͷĿЦһȻ˻û𣬸ǲңңڣһжֻǻһô
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ι꣬սôиˣ
һֱִԼļ
ôˣ
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һģһˮľӰУһվڲԶصߡ
ˮľˣ
ؿЦ˵
һǴˣû뵽һҪ
˵ĵϴѾûзˣԼ˿ɽµĴٴν䲶׽ľҶáû뵽̫̰ĵ뷨Լ˾
ԣǸִҵжĶӳԵʣ
а취ԸͿҪԱļһ
У̫鷳ʱƺеȻϴɱͳȫˡ
ˮľһִֻصļ
а취Уʹҵʵڲİ
ѾֻʣСϵһĵϴо⵽ĵˡ
оˮľɣһˣ֮ǰһˮ
ˮľҡҡͷߵ˵
ĸоΣھǲһֲĳУ
ЩǵؿŷЦĵϴ
ӵô
ˮľÿɷ˵úÿʱ̰ɣ֮Ŀֲÿ˶õġ
ϴĺԽԽۣ˾зһĿ⣬زر˫ۣȥ
еһ΢񶯣ϸС΢ɲʧظ֮ٴ˫ŵأԤеıըʹһֱûг֡
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˽ط˫۾ǰһͣȻԻɳķ֮Բڸղŵĵطˡ
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һʱỹⲻˣһ˲ͷࡣ
ԭˣˮľǰȫбϣ
ˮľЦЦǱߣ
˳ˮľָķغԶһĻ˸
ֹ˼ӣըʱŴ˹ǳķɳյҲǴ˷
ֱʱ˲ᵽϴͬھǶôĿֲ
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513 ֮
أѾḻԴݵӦԾ󲿷ֱʵĵزˣ˵㣬¡Լǲ¶̼֮⣬漰֮١
ǿ߶Եĳ̶ô
Ȼʶ̿Եĵһʵû壬밵֮ľҲ޲ӡ֤Լ뷨ûдƽˮϷԼڴѪԼҲܲڰݵĴﰴͰ
һѪڵǿߣû뵽Լı־Ȼ˲
ĸԼԵиڴʧս鲻Ļôپ֮ʱԼıʵԼ߳ܣæҲ˵ϣȻؽܼʵֶ̬ȣʵЩ
ˮľûٶ˵ʲôЩҪԼȥᣬ߹ļʾο
Ҫһеġ
˭ǴӲ߹ģһ˳޲۵ţֻڴǹ档
Ƭ̣ըĻѾƽϢɳĮըɳñըγɺصĳƣڱԵشеķɳϣҲüۣΪɳҷɣʹÿܼȼףֻܿģĹӰʮ֮ȫˣҿӣ鷳һʱỹͣõȵ׳䶨ᡣ
ҪһˣǱ߻üô
ǵʵ
Ÿոտʼû뵽ͳô⡣
İɣаš
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Ǳ߽ңԼȻɱϴսȥѾԽˣ
ˮľôҲúʹһύһı棬øֵͷõĳ
ԶıըѾйǽĿȻ˺һͨĺ޷ߡڷڰеˮľ壬ڱը֮ǰ÷֮ѣ֮ǰˮľ۽ǵһ·Ķ޻ת֮γɵĴ˲䱻˺Ƭȵǲ
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˲ʧˮľٴγֵʱѾʮ֮ķϣڴȥķϡ
軹ûеô
ҡҡͷƺԡ֯׷൱ģԵϴʤ̫ɣܷɡ
ȵ˵ɣȥغ
ǲﲻˣһξΪһа᪡˷һöдۣ
һа᪵Ĵۣһǲ˵϶൱ĴۣǶдд۴ǲ˵Ͳϡ
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ʹͣ£ǲҲͬģˣǱ¶һֻۣ
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ʵǿҲͱ;ˣһҲһչʾǿĻᣬĽעڳϣ˼ϡ
ıˮľһ㶼£ˣؼСܻʮΣգмŮҪעⱣļˡ
ǲĿǰĵ¹ۣһжǺĴڣԲźεضԲˮźоֲβΪ˴ﵽĿģڵĴʲô¶óˮľɲļһв˼޹뷨
ս㹻ô
Щǵѡ
ĸȺ裬ûмʱϹǾһʱ䡣ȻǿΧ׷½أǲҪ̫ðˡߵսлľݵأðɣ㣬ԸڵĴѾ㹻ˣĿǰǲҪսֶλǿͻݣСһĻǲܴ򡣡
Ҫһǣˮľ֪ڵĴսʽȱ㣬һΪҪԣˮľֻҪռͿֱӽ񲻾֮ǰһֻҪֵóѣͲöӵзĻˡ
ðɣ㶯һ㣡
ˮľͷٴγֵʱѾߡ
Ӵأ㿴ûˣҲû°ˣ
ԶҪɫм׺һ˿â°һɫһı״ɢŵɫĹһǱˡ
ҲɣղԱĵϴ˵ģ
ˮľҡҡͷǴɵģҾһ߿ţһ֯ĳԱһսûҪľңء


514 Թƽ
չ¶غǲǰˮľѾ֮࣬ÿһв̵ʵټʱռԼһͬĵĬοбģʽѹһǿսҪ֧Ԯǵ˵ǿֱš
ܼô
سʵǳΣյսЩ鲻òá
ʱռٮٮߣҲʮ־տľҪƶԷķӣС
ˮľƳһߵ
ӵдۣ
ĿӰǧľݺǲߵд֮伸ʮĴ˵£ÿһľҶ߶꣬ԸдۣľȻ顣
ˣھȥô
׼ãʱҪʼ
ˮľһ·籩ĵɳ
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ѾӵĻʱ䣬ǲӦñϴԱըҲŶԡİ취ֻʧһϵȼд۵Ĵʹа᪲СʱǲӦûа᪵ʹý׶Ρ
һԵˮľصĶԻʵ̲סʵ
ˮľʦոᵽдۣѵǲ
˵꣬ǲеؿˮľ
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ˮľϵ
ҺǲսѾһˣ㲻ûһϴˣ
ôܲǣѵҺ֮⣬ǲ˻ţ
ˮľĻΪ⡣
ǲ񿨿ʦǲҲӵд۵ĵˣ
ˮľ̾һ
дǲ涼ֻ˲ܿѪ޽磬õúõ˸ǷëǣľԷǲ֮дõ뻯ĵزɲʲô˶õģŶ츳

¶صͷ
ҺǸ֮⣬ǲ˴ô
ͻȻʲôɫ䡣
ѵǲһıߣǸ˵İף
ˮľ֮Ϊѵش
Եɲܸ㡣ȵʱȻ֪Щ飬һֻ֪֤ûг
ִֶֻǸЦʱ򣬻ܹѶ־׼ȷжϣ
ǵǰ˵Ļô
ͷֻ˷ʱ䣬ס
ˮľڰ֣㲻ףΪȰ㲻Ҫ𣿡
ȻؿˮľЩԡ
ϲŭ֡ϲ࣬ÿ˵һжԱ⣬𲢲Ǵ󣬵ǰ֮ϣ㻹̫ˡ
ƽȵ磬ʱĳԶܶžӵвֳߣôµµΪӹһ
֮ŭʬѪǧûôţϾô̴Ӱһ㡣
֮ĳޣǲôģѪ岽ƥ֮ŭ߿ɱˣڻ£ȻǶСĴڣ˵ʮβӦǲߺǧĲΰɡ
ˮľתͷ˿ԶĲ
ղ֮ûʲôôÿ˶Ϊƽһ죬ÿ˶ʧȥһлع龻
ۣˮľʦŷɮһף
ô᣿
ˮľЦЦ
˵ǣÿ˶Ӧñоη֮ģǶԼǶˣҪԼʱҲһҪء
ߣһҪѡְҵԵҪп飬޹ص¡ɱ¾УǲܳУܽеĵָ˷һãһڵġ
ˣһоͽˣ
һˮľ⣬ԭǲðżпܱΣȥѰҴ裬ʵ˾Ī
׷ҪȻģʮѡ񣬻͵׷裬̫˷ѽˡ
ѪѵָԼ֮ķ֣ԼɱǲԼ𣿻иǲô죿˶ˣѵȥˣ
ҪΪǲϵǹ⻷ãûܳŵĵ֪ߵغļһˡ
Ψһ˵ͨɣ֮ܵӡӰ죬ȻʵǲΪһ¶Ĵ̼ӮͬˣҪȥҾϲ裬ǹ⻷Ҳôӻİɣѹս֮սӮˡ
ˮľָܻת⣬ֻϣ븴֮顣
ˣء
ˮľһڵĲ˫ֽӡһͱһģһӰ֡
׼ˣʵҲȥô
ﻹսһط˵ܰæ


515 
زУֻˮľǰ
ˮľβ±Զŷɳǰؾֻľݰ壬γһľͷסԼܸˮľǰȥѰǲټ
ƺЩƫϴԱԤƣ
ҲˮľԵϴԱ鱨̫뵱Ȼ
ը˺ʵѲ㣬ʮıըΧָǵܹԲвľɱ򣻵Ǿܼ϶ʮûΣˣͨ˵Բʮ幫ڶǷǳΣյģ룬ըŻἱ½
ˮľôżȥʲôѵΪôıըл˻
ˮľӰĲסſǰЩˮľļ顣
أҪͨߵĳ̶ЩṢǶͷɶεĲ֪֮İɣѵΪǻ
ˮľһ˵һ߷ſ֪̽ŵܵĲӦ
֮ǶпܻǷɶô鱨Ļɱ˵ĵ˵棬ƺֻľֲֵֿܹıըѵ㵣ĵɣ
ˮľҡҡͷ
д۵֪̫ͫˣеһЩ
ǲһ˵еа᪣һϵдʧĴۣԼʩһλж״̬ΪĽ
а᪣û˵û뵽ˮľ̶Ѿǲ嶼ô˽⣿
ԺҪϵģ˽һɲС
ָǲˣ
аɣ
ˮľӦһ䡣
ģڸñˡ
һŽɫĻˮľģֻ£ˮľĲȼյĻ򶼲ΡΡҪ״С硣
ûݣСյԼ
ŰһСľͻԷ١
İɣ
ܵ˺֮аᪿв״̬ıʽ˵һ׼ĽдۣѾͨǲ˵ļޣٽһĿԺСϾͲдѾ漰ܶ̽ԴˣͿͫ඼Ϳɼһߡ
ͲдۣʵѾ˽ֻһ룬ٽݵвСĻῪֻֻۣҪʱܱȽϳ
һöд۵ĴۻȡһĻᣬֵֵÿ
ǲ־Ųʹа᪵ʱ򣬲ĴƶࡢʵҲ˲١ǲʹãͲô鷳ˡŤɵĽֻǲ˲ȫա
һǲըʹа᪵Ļǿ϶ģĸЧʽӦǽǲȻڲΣĻС
а᪱ϾֻһܹıҲֻʩը޷Ӱ죻ǲ뿪ΣҲһĽҲмޡ
Ȼ΢ıһٴʱͷλǿԵġ
ô籩Ļô
ԤûĻа᪲޼ѰôͿԺúһˣ
Сʮӵ𱬷ըǲ黯ӻһ㣬Ƶôòʹа̡᪷һʵҲ֤а᪴ӷǲٴγ֣мӵʱһΪаΪ˶СϵĹѶΪ֮ıȻҲʱ䳤Ȼʩ΢һ¡ŲһӼа᪣ðɣˮľҪٴԽҶʣ¡
ôж೤ʱٴγڸܲȥɣ
κ޵еģǲ¶ᱻƽ⣬Ĳ쳣ܹ۲ҲӵʱơȻܹаа᪣ΪʲôҾͲԣ
ȻǻԵɺϣǼȻһлɱǲʱˮľɲ顣ΪʲôΣҲҪһΣյĵطһĻֵĻᣬ¿СҲҪһ¡
ɷݡǧ
ɫСˮľƮ䣬˳ŷ֪ΧΪܼȺܲԵʿòǺˮľС磬ûκα紵ļˮľĸ֪ȼգȻǧ֮£ѸٱһµĻˡ
ûʲôֶεĻɣļһ
籩ѾڼټӾͿҪƽϢˡһйɵĲУһƬĻʼɢֲĸ¡ըĿ˻δȥһ˿Ϯ


516 ʱ
ˮľ뿪ʧУеźȴҲòʹ˷ȻߣҲĿǰԼ̶ֳȵսһ˵ĵϴܹѾˡ
µˮľһʱ䣬ൽԼʱˡ
̽Ȼ࣬Ҳһȵϴ˶УҲӦüʶˡ
ǰͰ׾ϮľҶʱѹȸѾ
ϴʹ趼ǲ°ܽ
ô
ԳһЦ
ҶԶԶǶ֡
ԷƱϴսΪ̫ͣʵ󲿷ּڷ徫״ѣǲĻˡϸ˵ǲҲǿ٣

ǸϢ֪˵ʵޣҲиȷ׷Ŀꡣ
˻ܹǸô
ˮľϸ֮ҡҡͷ
Դʵʼ۷壬Ҿû˵˭ʤ
׵ʱУǲֹˮͲ˲ֹˮǿˮľ־̾Լڵʵ˲ʵתĳ̶ȣѪ޽磬Ҳ˲ﵽزֱţһ̶ȣʱ֮Ҳ˿¡
ȫԸǲȷʵǿ󣬵ܶǿҪ۵ģǲҲ⡣
ȫܺһ塢иɻʮȭϰ뾵Ͱ֮񣬻޼᲻ݣ¶ֽ޽Ļ
ҪǸһ壬ܹͲдֻۣ۵ͫĹֳ֮޽ʵ벻ʲôܹ
覣Ҳǿ޽ɣ
ˮľۣǲȻЩڴʵ
ܹɱô
ִˣҲˣľҲвСĻᣬҪ˵ɱǲˣСʦؿ
ʦ
Ȼƽʱɽ¶ˮŨüʦʵڳԤϡ
ѵǰŶݼף
ˮľ϶ش
ʲôֻҪܹӵ£ͻ޽ľС
˲ֹˮͰŶݼ׶ǵ͵ӣˮľǧ̬ҲһµĻ桢һдڵĸ¡
ѧϰŶݼô
ǰ;ڰŶݼף򣬶ϰһܸЧ߸и·ʺϱ˵Ĳһʺ㣬ľҲֻʹñŴ֮󣬺ľϰȥˡ
ˮľڰֹ˻ʵ
ڵʵѡķڰúһʱ䣬ʱˣʦȻµİţʱ䲻̫㵽̵ĳ̶ȣĴžͻ㳨ˣĵȴ
ɻҲֻܰͷɻ
ﲻȫˣǵøϽ뿪
ǧĻѾ˳ŷƮﲻԶĵطˣ˵ȻսನҲᴫˮľֵס˵ˡ
ô᣿սص㳬幫˰ɣ
ΪΪʲôУ
ˮľЦЦִҼ
ȥһطɣ뿴һϷ
˲ʧƬ֮󣬳ڽʮһϡ
ˣ
һڵȺˮľתͷ
ˣǱ߿ҪһѴģ
ɰ֮ЫѾˣϴҲˣôˣȥɣｻң
ˣﻹжξ룬ˣ鲻ԾߣȱǱ
˵꣬ʧط
Ľؿˮľսȥ磬սȨУڲ֮ء
Ҫشôɣܰʲôæ
Ȼȥҩʦʵ
ҩʦȻûʲôɱУˮƽлǿԵġӮĿȻ󣬵ˮľҲڻ

˵ţˮľͨ˾̫ܲ
һܴûǩͨԼƲ̫ֻʹü򵥵ԿƣҪȻҪս㣬ҵֻͨǸ̫ȱѾ֪ˡ
ͷľҶʱѾʶˣǿ󣬳ֲǲ
һʮֿɹ۵սˡ
Ƥͨ޵ڻʱǿҪġ

·أǧĻԽԽʢҲʼӿ
Ϊ˶ԸˣΪ˻̽磿
¶ߣصĺˮҲʼֹס¡
ôȥҾ֧Ųסˣ


517 
ộһСҲˡû뵽ˮľȻ̶ֳȵԸһˡ
бҪôô
ֻһҲѾϴԱըʬ޴ĵˣˮľƺ̫ˡ
ټһᣬϾͿˡ
а᪵ıʱ䲻ӳȻ֪ķΧǲˮľܵĸ߹һ㡣
ѷɫڵϴԱ˺ʱ㹻ʱԽԽֲΧûʱռĳ̶ȣʲôǧҪʣ
аʽЧǲֵһ˲䣬ǾĹؼ
ڳΪʮβ֮ǰˮľɲǲܹǿ˵ĵزֲİ׾ϸܵģܵҲһ
˼һӰ˽һӵʱˮľͻȻ֪һֻƾʧˡ

ˣصʱûгˮľԤϡ
ܹԼҲԽĿ׼˺ȻҲԡ
ֵһ˲䷢ԼȻվУʶ˺ԼĻֻ֣ܴ㱻֪֮ˮľĶԼɱ֮ľġ
ȴԼؼʱĴʱѾʧȥ˵һʱܵĿԡȻˣҲûӣ̫ˣĸֶԾУƬ̵Ӿ֮𡣲ɽҰĻʱӦѾԼˣֻٴʹ黯ôĻԼɾҪճɻҽˣôƬ̵Ĺһ۾ͳ˶װ
ʹа᪵ˣδػԵʱ򣬶ԼǶôΣյһ¡鱨˵ǵڶɲֻ˵˵ѡ
أˡ
ס
жϺ÷λȻ˫ֽӡ
ľݡ
һƬСɭǲƾճֵĵط𣬸ոճֵľת۾ͱһŴܻĻ棬Ȼظǹȥ
طΧĲһ£ʹõľҪ󣬲罵ִղȵĳǿͲˣֻΪǿǧĺòϡǲãǿõġ
ڵ״Ǳȸղһʹ޻ת֮ҪΣգҪôأ֪㻹ûд۾
ʱѾǲܹƾĳ̶ˣҪԮֲУô˴ô
ʱ̼ӡ֯ÿһԼ鱨ľôٲ֣һҪӾҪˡ
ˮľعɲֻΪ˰æûľݣˮľҲвСİսǲһҪǵģȻҪɱ׼;Բ᲻ͻ״⻹С¼
أס˾ˣԼһȻ˵Ҫһ
Ȼı罵ҪСܶ࣬ҲǳĿӰɲǧ浽ԶָƵĵز
Ȼỹе˻
־Ϊ˷ֹ
ˮľʹӰӰʹ޻ת֮Ҳֻ̫࣬Ӱս־ԽϲȻģʽӰʱһҪ٣ǲҲһ־սͻֲסʱԼŴ̫
ˮľһǣԼˣҪˡ
ҪҽԼҶǣҪƵ˵жͲܷɣҿԷжʱռɣ˵ֻܹӣ
ˮľȻһЦ
Ϊôץסģ
ըѾȥˣɳԳܼȻ֮ܲ⣬Ѿûˡ
ˮľŵصȴӵʱŵʱһ쳣Ķ֣һ׳ľͷεض𣬻۳һȻ֮С
ľ֮ûпʹľݣôģ
ĵ˵ˣ
ˮľε̾˿Ȼһ޿ײ͵ߣһ㲻ֻ֣ºɨսһӰֵıʣҲɵس֡
֮ʵ̫鷳ˣԼΪһ壬ɵлĸϵߵˮ֮ϵԿٵƶκԼҪĵطָƶԸһϢ
ˮľûԤƵطᷢôصĳͻȻҲû׼ʲô磬ܹ֪Ľ֣ɷǧǿҲԸ׵ľ޻ת֮ڷֲĿҲ޴ӹ
ľ֮ȻҲᱻǧĸµȼ㹻ʵ׳˶ȲȻѾʼȼաҲڻӣϾѾԼֺܳʱˡ


518 Ϣ֮
ľĿ˫ž޴վ֮ʮ׸ߣôʵû취Ѹٴݻ٣ҲҰľﻹе취
ֻôģ
תͷܣûз˷ɹļ
ӵ¹ġ
̽ϡŹֵ̫ˣֹ˭Ҳ㲻жء
Ϸʱˡ
аֺûֻҪǧҵһȫĿռ䣬£Ǿʹ뿪ǿƷǰһôױˡ
ľݡᣡ
Ҳʶ鷳ٴʹôľݣ޴ľزľ棬ǿ䶯ãͬʱصĿ֮£ϵؽͼᣬҲҪľ
ϧǣľ˵صԤϣסѾΪѣʲôˡ
ɷ޻ת֮
ȵʯεضѸٲľԶȸղǿ˺ľǿƵؽľƷڵأ֮䣬ɫĻϯľȫ
ɹô
Щϣʵ
ˮľɫЩأֻľ˱ٽûаȫĿռôЪţǲɹڻ֮硣
ŻľڲһƬСĿǻ֮ڣǱǲУ黯͵ʱˣôһ˲䣬ԼǲѾˣʹ
Ӧ֣
صСĿռ䡣
Ӵ㲻ܽеζƵϣԼҪһѵͬ鱧Թǲ̫ˣ
֣
Цһ
СһϷŪú˼
ǰ
ſ̱һͷϳƬ«έҶƬ˻
ӦôԼԭǰһ˳ļƻ̫ˡʦˮŶŪˣǲǾûܹԸ㣿Ҫú÷ʡˣ
Ҫѵң
ǲʵ

ܹʹľ֮ǿ׾ֻôһ
ʹ뿪ѵҪǿдһ൱Ȱ
м£Ҫ֤һ£
ǲ΢ָһȻ˵
ˮľܹеβ޲пܣϣܸһֻҵģ
˱Ҹ֪δ֪β޵䣬ˣΣ
Ȼսڱ֤ȫ´һҲ޷
һŰɫʴϷ˴Űɫߵİɡ
˵Ĺط治ѵʹ뿪ô
ϻˣʼɣ
ǲͷ˵
׾ûԣҲֻʱסɷǧ̫󣬾޴ľҲֲ˶á
׾ѸɢȻڴϣһ˲䣬ĴĴоһǿϴ
׾ĸһּΪǿǲֹһʵԽǿİ׾Խǿ
׾֮󣬴¶һ˸ľʹԵĹʣϼľ״Ǹ˫ִ⵽ϣľ̳צ״죬ǷҲ˵
ľ˿ҪֲסˣŲסĻ㳷ˣҪҿûʬ
һעʬ޴³
Աߵһˡ
ӵ˰׾ɵжָȵȶ˴ȵ϶ΪһԶԶǼ򵥵ӣʵԼȿŵķǡ
˫ֽӡǲעľڣԭЩľ˶ʱʼ궯
ڸ߿еˮľصУѾһȼյСľͻȻ֮䷭˸ȻǿƵľݺ޻ת֮ٴվˣͱȸղŻҪȦ
˵һľҶʹõʱ򻹲㾡ȫ¹ͿѹƵĻղŵľҲֻһ׳˶ľˣôڣһȫװĴʿźʵľͷף裬һŻľͼ͵ʯ׾ٵسǿȷʵ˷ǳ𾪡
ʧˡ
ˮľź˵
սûȻͶȡɵľɱˣôشһɣ
˵ĿǰľƻǶԼġ
أľ֮ô
ᣡ
Щε˵
ľľһͷû⣬ơ޴ľͷˣʵġ
ðɣڰ׾ɵļӳ֮£ʹõľ֮Ӱֵסȴ˵Լᣬʵʧ
Ӱ׾Ŷʵ߻ǿ¡


519 
ԸͷȻͬĴͷȽϿףؼȻòľֻ֮취ˡ
صľҲı䲻˻ᱻյ³ʱܾͲˮľܹܵˡ
ȻǲѾ˰ȫĿռ䴭ϢҲûߣǾ˵ٴһٺòˡ
ӣôȥҲǲУֻǶʹľ֮ԼҪǱսĻҲɵɵصﱻ϶ʹ뿪
أҪǿˣȻңľɧľ˵ж
ԣҪȥս̫Σ˰ɣ
ģʽҲ֪һҲԿľֻ̫֮Σˡ
İɣ
ˮľЦЦ˵
ҿϾҪ׵ˣԼЦ
ſԼĸ֪Ȼˮľ´ӿڣѵõĶʳһڻԾβĲͱѸɣѪβ޲ϵֳ⡣
Ҫʲô
ؾȵؿˮľ
ˮľʱûصɻСؽβ޻ƿ֮С
Ƭ̣ԭİβ޻ʼβѾˣӿĲһѸٱزŵУһ᳤ֻβķ޳棬ͷһֻ׳ѵĻ塣ˮľ޼ɵı֮£ֱԽβ޻״̬ȫβ޻
ˮľѾԼˣ
Ǹ¹ʣֻǽβ޵⻹Ǻܴ̽͵͵β޲Ȼ࣬Ҳȱˮľһ
Լȫһˡһζһ˳֮£ƽͻᱻơˮľҪǶȡĳ̴Ļŵ̽սҲ̫Զˡû˻ỳˮľȡһֻβޣķӡ裬Ϊѡ
ûе£
ôɵشһˮľ޳ģӦβɣòеϤӡ
һķ̴̿ܽѾչ¶ˡ
Ϊôʹȫβ޻
ӵľأӵ֮ΪŲƿβ޵ĺԴӼĿӰֱ֮ľݶβ޲ĿþͷǳӣԵؽһЩβ֪ʶˡ
ֻ˵ǽ
ˮľɲؽͣȻβ޲ĹϵˮľȻ޷˵ֻҪһɾ͹ˣģʽֶҲڣԼô˵ô˵ÿһ˵ģʽһȫһͽͲ
ʵԭʵβȻһĵˮľֻһķʽֱӴ߻ѣȻ̺ķգҲˮľԼе
ðɣעһ㣬βľǻƵĹϵʵԭðգһ֮ǵǶԸ裬Ȼ֯ҲǵˣǿԵһ׼׵
ûһˣأ
ڵĴ̽ս֮ǰûлǲ˵ܹһĻǺٵģֻۣ߳ΪʮβͲˡ
ʼɣҹٶȣͬʱҲҪעֵĵˡ
β޲ʴǿҲǺ׵鷳ǣβ޲˺ΪأģʽĻָٶȣҲûȫ˺
β޵ĳϲʹһʧȫβ޻ôҵʲôʱҪЩ˶ǵļһϿˣ
ǸᣬˮľҲԲڷһֻβޣʹǲһ㣬ɻԼȽϷġ
ȫβ޻սȻһöβкɣ
޳Ƽ׳һţһıγһС֮ڼѹ
ˣҲˮľ־עԭ޹С򣬿ʼɢŵɫĽ⡣
ľۺȷʵѿƣһ֡ءĸоӽɫСвϴϸˮľԲƿء
ʶൽ˼֮ˮľ׼·ľ޴ľˡ
ɷβ񣡡
һȫʹѾﵽƼ޵ˮľҲ֪ΣӦò̫Ŷԡ
ɫβԼٶľ˳ôĸͷȻҲûõȥֻҪ򲻴ܴƫ
٣ľ˫ֺžľֿ״ȹأͼˮľĹ
ֻϧǲ͹ˮľļޣľͷֱβĳֱ֮ڣصײľ˵ұؿڣҵرը


520 
β񵽵жǿˮľǼˡ
ҵıըУԿ;޴ľȣССβˣľϰұظֱȫʧ޴ԵڵϷ˺üȦ˵ڵأ渲ǡ
һͻ˿ǿľˣȫβ޻Ҳ̫ˣĿɿڴˮľҲеĪ
ǧľܹ֮ȫβ濹Ĵڣôһ̺βܻôҲȾβǿɣƺɸʩչľ֮Щ硣
ǿиɵľ˵£ӰˮľβûӶķβĹֶοɲֻβ
˵޳б³ḻ̌ĵط壬ƮĻ磬ڽӽǻľֻ֮Լһ޴βͿ˹ɳͻҪľ˲кʬΡ
ѾеľҪȴľڵϣرˮľš
һƬƬľмɣȼ֮ճɻҽ޴ľҲȶи顣
βؼʳҧ൱ЧͻϮֶΣһĹ֮ˮľȶ׼ɣ˿
ʱϷͻȻصĴ󺰣
Сģж
ˮľһͬʱҲо߱ĲһƬɰʯ֮ת۾ͽˮľβ޻ɵβ޳ץס
ľݡ罵
ϴŹľ̵Ĵ˳˷ӿľ֦Ѿٽӽˮľ
ôܣ
ˮľǵصɫֲĸ뽫涼˸棬ɷǧĻѹýڽںˡ
ջĸԭ˳Ĵľݡ
Ȼ˻ľûþͱȼճɻҽǼܲס罵ԴԴϵĲ䣬ܶ࣬ľҲضá
ľȷʵղԣԴԲ֮ʲѪ޽磬ˮʱ仯ϵĲ伫޾Ӧĳ̶ȡ
ҪһҪӴ߲ǿаθľݵļޡ
ղԣֻ罵̶ֳϵľݣвļֵ֣ҲһͨߣǷѣ罵֣ɱ˵ĶҪô̾Ҫôβޡ
ֲ˰׾ϸǲ϶ǲʵģѵ˵ǰ׾ɸżľݵ
ɾ鷳ˣû뵽ôɱǲһҲңѵʲôڱصõĶ
ľΪնԼԤıģԼϵĻǲͻ뿪
ΪͿΪΪ𣬴Լɲֹһ˻ᣡ
ǲľݵıˮľԶĵط
ݡ裡
ǿĻŤռ޴ĻתţԼٶѸţΧ˲þˣݱرǿ󣬵Ǵ޼᲻ݵĿռԣֱ˱ķˮľβΧ
Ϊץң
βӴҵͬʱˮľٴοƻϵʩѹԭЩƽȵٴοʼغˮľӰҲû֣ͣ޻ת֮ҲΧǲС
ΧľһֱڱŴİΣƺⲢ侫
ڰôһˣʵ
βˮľϾβ޲ľס֮üΪϵβ޲Ҳϵرľߡ
߿УˮľӰ岻תͷ˵
źŵɣźţ
ʱȣ˭õ
ҵķڸ˾ͻᰴռƻ£
ֱҲǲУֻսܾҪʹֹˡ
ûٶʣһöżȻ󱬿

ǲصؿľҶ尵źţЩɻߵˮľ
ƺҪȥæô
ҪģѾԤˣ
ֻսûΣգʱĵزûעһƴʱ
Žɵصͷٶ໰
һص㣬ҩʦζؿеźš
ˣղŵĴըӦǵϴ˰ɣû뵽ô֣˵ǵˣ
ͷ
ڶܴһ㶼֣ͷӵ߲ܴ󡣲ûʲôϵˡ
һҲǳģֻǡ֯ļһﵹùѣ
ܰɣ
ЦЦô⣬ûʲôٴһˡ


521 ˸
ŲϽӽǲˮľȻ޷ҲرǣôԼռŵģǧ׼ô֣Ͳ˾֣罵ʱһҲᱻճɻҽҲֻǿһԻСΧӻѡ
̫е鷳
߽ǲֱӽռĴ㡣
ֻǣľѹƣˮľȫβ޻֪Ҫ೤ʱ䣬ҶԷҲǻʹʱռģֻҪһи˾ͻܡ
ƹβǲβ޵ԲİľסѾΪˣֶʱ̣϶ôȥ
ƵĴռóö｣˫һӣͳˮľ˹ת｣ϣԿıԵռһŤǼӳʱռĹ
ôľ룬ˮľûжٷӦʱ䣬ߵֻֻϣ޳ĸҲֱӱһԴĴ󶴡
ʱռ֮ȷʵԵֵ˲޷ˡ
Чǲ󶨣ٴͳö｣Žβ֫⣬ˣβ̬ˮľҲ޷άˣβ޾޴ɢȻʧڿС
β޻ģʽʹ˽ľݡ罵˳ƽˮľʹסȻ͵˴ǰ
ץס治ףڶ䵽ˣһοɲܵˡ
۵Ͳд۵֮ʼ֣ͼˮľռ䡣
㻹ţ
ˮľЦһ
ȫβ޻̫޷ʹʱռߣ״̬Ϊһᱻץס
ս˵˾ڻ̽ߣʱ׼·ֶռˣѶˣͿ˭Իø졣
Ȼǲ԰ˮľϺ壬ˮľȻҲԽƾͼơ˻ܣǵŴ
ʱû黯İɣ
䣬ûᵽˮľ˼ĴͻȻòԣٲ̫һ㣬ȻҪǷĿֱӽ˸Դͬʱ˫ֺ˫Ÿһɫͷƣ˲̱֫Ĳתͬʱһŷӡ˳֫ʼɵҪλӡ
Ȼ֣ýշƷ˫˫ţһ˳ڱ̻źûҪ
ҵʹΣ֮£ǲֻͣ¸ո׼ˮľ
ʱռƺǺܷ㰡
ˮľЦһһ˸վǲǰ
ͲдۣǸö
ˮľҪ´дۡ
ΧôõĶλĿ꣬ˮľ˵СΧ˸ͻϮʵ̫ˡ
ʱϵľͻȻתˮľ䱸УתֱжԼ˫ֺ˫ţȻĿ֮£صȥۿҪ·ܴʱһ׳˹
ǹԣǰģ
ˮľϵĶֶϽţЩΣʱ򣬻аȣĬ
֫ϵǲҲʹʧȥֻһľ䶯γ˫˫ŵģʱ֧ж̫Ӱս
ҲʱֻҪռƵˮľͲ
֣һͳ˹ȥͬʱٴĲľݽƵǧٴΰθߡ
ôҲģķ϶סˡ
Ͷķ黯ĴۿҪ·֮ˡ
ڴȵУһ͹ûüһĴӳȭǵǵĸ
ףԣôĸ
վڸߴûжڿܹôãˡ
ͷ˿Լķ֮ѸʧȻԼʵѸ֯һֹ
ʱռ÷
ǲּȲܷУҲûŵҲʵͿսֶ𾪲ѡ
ʹʱռĲСɣ
㲻ǺĴĿӰˮսôͻɫȣоô
֫ľʹѵضϵ˸
ĴĿķ֮ʺսһڣ׷ɵʿ֮ոĴ÷ΧָЧ
ȻС;սļһǼʶ࣬ʮսıƲû塣
һʼ˽֮Ϊ·ֶ֮⣬һҪĿ⣬ôɱʵս


522 ռ乲
Ҫ񲨷ˮƵĿϵıش͵ĵزˮľʱ˵򡣷ӡǵ΢ͻоǺ˳ˮľӿٶȣԴĴ̫ˡ
ʱռһӡǳ⣬ֱܻʹʧڿռУһͱңֶϽŶ˵ġ
Ϊֽ̬ȣʹĿǰ֮ӦȻƲСǰóֳ̾ߣӡ·ǲ⣬ֻȫɥʧʱռͻȻˡ
תβ̶ֳȵֶΣˮľòˣ͵ʱĶʹСҲƣһⲻٶеˡ
ҲԼʱռ츳ϺͲˮŵĲڣһɫ⡱ĳƺſǲˣټԼķӦҲǷȱɱɱе㷢ġ
ˮľһƣһʵͬͬԴķͱ֮Ļսеľ޴õúˣѷɫκʱռʹߡ
ÿһһ֧ĻȫʹýķʵַУС˵֮ҽŻȿڿնµķȻǲѧ޻̸֮̽磬˻ഫ͵ʱռͿԻʵֿɻˡ
߸࣬ӵС񶷣ֱͳֶαݵ̨ʱ̱಻ĽԼԶΪʤ̬ƣܹͬʱеķͰѲ
һֽ˲ֹˮͲˮŵսеһֶΣ󻯵ķˮľƣѹʵǿĵˡ
սһƴľģˮľķǲҲÿһ޹ᱻӸֵѽǶȵĹŪæҡ
ʱվˮľߣӾߣˮľһԾصŶԷ¶һ̡Ӳһ̫ʱ䣬ңȵĻѾʼӹľ罵򣬻زʱʹľǲʱĲˡʹˮľķҲòֻŹһʹͳȥƬ֮ΧҪˮľѹƣ˿Ƶͱˡ
һβ֪˭㣡
ʱ˵Ļˮľ˵ŤͷߣֻĹϵˮľ;ÿԲ
ƺʶԼܵȴ黯ֹˣ黯ٴαƣס֮ʼðһ
ɰ׾ɻ׹𺣡
һ׼ô
ٹһᣬ¶ȾҪߵ־ҪĵزˣС
ˮľһڴǰȭױȵţôˮľӿٶ׹䣬ˮľջȭͷ׼ٴγʱһ˫ֽסԼֱۡ
ץң
һֱûͣ£ռѾʼŤ壬ǲѾӲֱ״̬޷ǰ׾ɻ˫ȻԶ
ˮľЦһ뿪ȴȻطǲȻԼֱȻס
ô£
ѾûǲЦΪʹ˶ʱռôĴͣ˵ʲôģ
ʱռĹôֻҪͿñ˵ʱռ䡣ĵƣ
ˮľԼ趨İȫ߶ȣǲҲǱڶʱɱܸû취ֹˣ鷳ǣǣűסֲϴԼҪ˺ռˡ
ʶΣ֮Уæ͹ͼΧʱٴð׾赲ˮľľԮЩϲİ׾ʵҲֵ˶ãǾôһ㹻ˡ
ֹһ׾ô׼ǳ֣
ռѾֱ۲ƵˮľֱˡΣͷˮľҲԥɫ£絶ֱӿֱۣûĴѸ䣬ϵ·ȱȼʧȥ˲ˮľұѸٱճɻҽȻɰ׾ģ˫˫ҲʼŻȼգһ绯ڻƮ䣬ǿסͷǲкˮľʧ
˲ҵսˮľҲɵüͷֱۼʱòס˿ڱѪ࣬ǶֵʹôҲܱ⣬սˮľѾһʱûܵôصˡ
̰ĵĴۣˮľεؿЦ
һֱֻۻȡǲ֫׬ˣ
ˮļ̌ͷ˿Ǳķ
йȡЦң·˰ɣ
ȥһҪҸҪ㲹ȻͿˡ


523 ֮
滹ȼգˮľһѾѳ
Ӱ´ɨսʲôмֵĶڣˮľۣ֮ɳ´ʵ˵һЩߵĺö
һ򣬻öԷˣôصƣҲ֪᲻ʹ
ȻûʲôˣǲļΪˣսʱ䲻ǿ̫ˣʱڵʵڳһ߳ܵ
Ӧúѣ
ʮĴѹİ嶼˹ֻҪûеҪ뻹Ҫʢļһɵ̫ˡ
һ񡣡
źؿ˿ˮľϵұۡ
ƲҪɣǱҪҪʹ˷
ˮľ˿ʵ״̬÷֮սЧǲֻĵĲ̫ˡĻָȱܶ࣬ȥʹ轻ս̫
أΧľʹôΣҲԲˡ
ǲشʵѾʼˣߵʱ䵽ǻ̫ˡ
սĻˮľȽϿףϧֶˣӡܳ⣬ЩȽ鷳޻ת֮ûá
ɰ廹һķȥһ滻ɣ
ܹ߸ʵһӡãһ˻ָڣɰһӦꣻղŶԸľսһǲش衣
أָҼӦ㹻ˡ
費״̬ˮľֶˣ֧ԮӦҲ㹻ˡ
ȥԸ裬Ϊ˰ôӦһ¸ֵȻǲȥͺýˡ

迴˿ܽĻǽĪЦ⿴Ŷˮľ
ʮ֮Ϊ˶Ըͨ޺β޿Ͻ磬Ǻþûˣû뵽ȻԸңԼҲΪʲô
Щ˵ȽϺãˮľЦŴ
Ҳû⡣
Ǹǲɣ
ˮľͷ϶Ĳ²⣬֮ӡĹҪڽܡ
Ǵ󵨣ô
а
ô
ûˮľǲ˵󻰣֮ӡ޷ƿء
Ҫ˵ʲô
ڽףϣϽС
ô
Щ⡣
ģʽҲûðɣô˵Ҳڵôȵĵز
Ҳˣҵ̫鷳̫ӴΣ̫ˡҲʱ׵׼ȻǸȡ裬ͲҪԥˡ
Ҳаɣ
ͬˡ
û뵽ıôİҪĶϺҽס
һͬģ˭һ
һͬģ
Цһ
Ҫ֮˵ƭ˵ĹǿЦ
ˮľõѵҺͱ֮Ĺϵûãǲе

Ҳû̫⡣
ȷһ£ҪĶԿ¡һҪϸڵѺˡעԼҲƻϸϸʵֶΣúϸ˿ڶŴ״ǿмķ
һܣǰû⡣
״ˮľֱȫҩģԲⷽܲٽȫҩ÷̸裬ǿɾͿˡ
ɫݵ˵ô뻻֮Ͳʬת̫̰ˡ
ϸķѾбȽϿɿļˣȻ̫죬Ѿˡ
ʬתҪˡ
Ц˵ҪôżʬתԸ㣬벹һݡ鱨㲻֮ǰһɣ屻Ӳˣ
ԣ
ˮľҲʴô֪ģ֯鱨й¶ٶ࣬ԼҲûϵ
ֵˡ֮ľʲô
ס費ΪȻشΨһǹؼ
ΨһԣˮľʵӦǼᶨƵ־ô
󣬵ϸϸԶ
Ƕģһɲ䡣᪴ҡ״ҡ֮ӡҲҡվǰ̸Ȼңֻһ裬ƶ˵ļᶨƵ־ҵǼһаβҪȫ֮࣬˵֣
ˣ֮ô
׷ٲ־û壬ÿһݸ鶼ǹԵĻʯҪѰĳ֧Լľֱ꣬Եľ㡣
ּȿ϶ҵļһѹֻ
лܽˡ


524 Ͷ
ԵĸлǶ·ϵǰľ塣
̽ܣˮľԶԶȲϴ̽ѵһš
ȻˣⲢˮľȫͬĹ۵㣬ֻ˼ĽǶȷʵжĿһµĸоٲţǼ⣬һ˼оʲô᲻ɴݵľϮ׿Եĵ·ԽԽԶ
нɻ㻹Ǹ˼ļһ
ҲûеĻˮľʲôæ
úûȥɣϣ´λټĻᡣһҸ棬ҪСŲأʵһ㣬һǴļһ
лѣ´λᣬ벻ߴͽ̣

ҩʦЩؿŰڲ̫ͷϵǲΪĹϵ±ײüΣҲû̫صƣǱһ㣬ʵҲûʲô󰭡
ǿˣһ겻ʱ䣬ܹﵽ̶ȣȻǸš
˵һʼ֪Сİ˭ĻսôãǧǧеѾҩʦʶ˶Ǻηʥ
ûдЦݵ۾꣬־һǧǧ˦˹ȥҩʦֻٴκ˶ܡ
ǧʮ鷳׶ݣǿ˵Ҳʮͷ۵ģȻҩʦ̫ʹԶóȷʵױ׶ݿƵݺˮݡ
֮⣬Ŀǰܹõóֵģ˱ǲ߳һĻ֮⣬Ҳֻиҽˡ
ʮϬĹҽֻϧ̫ڻͲҩʦسĻᡣ
һأһֻ޴ҩʦٴβշܣͬʱ˳ò˾ܵĽ
̫Ƥ񣬽ֻһСӣǿľ˵ʵڲֵһᣬҩʦѾüο˾ˣÿζֻ΢ƤҲֻһѪһֹѪտˣжûյ˿Ӱ죬ԼȴҪðһԻǲвСط
ΪʲôˮľҩʦΪԭҩʦʵһ̶ǹֶ̫һԸЧԴͨޡβ޻߲֮Ĵ͵˵ʱͲǺˡ
̺սǳãʱʱҲԵر
̿Եһ̽ǿ̵ţ鴫
ҩʦĨһѱܵצͷɽʯƵ˿ڣԭ˿տֹѪҽãֲǺصƵʱ򣬻ʮֹõģҩʦȻһʱ·磬Ȼôġ
ǿ̣
ɲΪǶԼĹά˵֮ǰмִĻڵԼͲνġǿһ֮ˣοǿֺĳƺͱ׵Ժˡ
Լ崥ȵֶָӾԼսԽԽӦ֡ͨȷʵܲѣѵõʱûеõѣҲһЩԼϲϳһҰͨޣǿƲ֮⣬û취ˡ
ԺҪһֻͨˡ
֮Żףսһֻ浽ĵǶôҪؼʱһܹ֮Լܶνķա
ҩʦĵغ֮оһЩԾµľܲʼˡ
ע⵽ˣ
ҩʦЦվŲ̫ǣԵڵϡ
ϧ̫ˡ
ö
ͷһݣܵƤѾܶαƶôأԼҩʦʵһҽߡ
߱Ͼһսְҵҽߵ޹İʹɾʹشˡҩʦ𣬲ȵȶǷǳս
ó񶷵ҽ߱ϾԾ󲿷ҽΪάֱҪԱоһҽĸҵҩ
ûоⷽĽ߲һְҵ
ŵǲ̣ҩʦſʼĴ󵨵ǰҪúһ迴ежǿ
ܹôòŷͨ治ʵ˵ҪٲãҶҪʩˣЧˡ
ЩźһǿսΪȵãûעⱣʱֻ̱ԼˣһοɾͲǺľսϰˡ
ɣ֮ã
ԮʱԼĵڣͬʱҲԼʵģ̣ҲܶʱԼô
дۿʱ̶ҩʦһһǧϻ㼯һ˸׹׸


525 
ǿǳе£ս̫࣬ӰʤҲܶࡣ
˵ʵֻҪ̫⣬սһ浹ҲǺټġ
ǲҩʦʵв࣬ûеô
ҩʦʵвСƣٶȴԶԶѷɫ
ٶ֮ʮõسõúãֲܶĲ㡣
Ȼسѹƣҩʦ˫ʹòľõˮ©ǧǧ·ɵǧУûб˵ֺڳٶȸǧǹҩʦľ֮£ûʲôô
ûʲôˣ
ҩʦŵһ˵ţһӦǲĹ
ĬطӳٶȵƣزϵѰҩʦĽҲҩʦ޷̫෴
ʱվһߣԶӴѾƽϢˮľǱߵսѾ˽
Եһطź֮ûκҪϢǾ˵ʤˡ
Ȼغˮľ֧Ԯʱ֣Ͳü͵غҩʦսˡ
ʮ֮Ѿһʱ䣬ȫ޷˽⡣ֻҪ绹û飬Ǿ֤ˮľķʱǰȫġ
ʹԣһʧҲᲨ壬鷳ԼߣһҪŵˮľĵǱ廹ǷʱռڳԼİȫб֤ˡ
սķҲǾ޴ģȻҲŹҴ߲̾ݼ
д۲ٷ糵̫֮
｣ӵĽǶٶȸǧǧظҩʦжϡ
д۶̾߷й켣ԤԼԵ˵ľ׼գ֮һдѾǲѪ޽һϵļˡ
ҩʦ䲻ݷض˿޵عʧʱһЩͶ̾һ֮ٴҩʦƹ
շתŲ֮䣬ҩʦԼḻľ飬ǿ˷İΧ
ôƽսȥĻҲǲܽܣҩʦҲôˮľһ״Ҳһ
ʹ˷ˣҩʦǲĵص㲻ؿ˷Բ֮Ψһһϰͨ޲̫Ҫսб仯ʵĵβ಻ɻȱһ޼ʵɳƽԭʺǲٶƵߡ
ҩʦǧǧʱһֻ˶Ȼ̧ȻصؽҩʦĽɳ档
ԭزĲ̫صʧýվ̤ҩʦڵĵطһɳӣȻףſҧסҩʦһȣȻͷŭĿͷ­ٵذڶ
ͷĿѣҩʦһƲһ˦˦ȥھܵŭУҧصֻϧڰУͱѵľͷ
ͦ졣
ҩʦûȫ˺ǺצϵѪ֤
ʮ׿⣬ǱѪҩʦ;ܵС
ͷܶԶҩôߣ
ЧҲˣȻôͻָս
ʱˮľķƾճھܱϡ
ΪҵͨƽʱʲôΪʳģĶҩܹŷ͸͵Цˡ
ֻҪˮľܹҵĻûͷûԹġиҩʳһѣʲôĶҩֶӾͲˡ
ղ֯͡սɣôͽˣ
㻹ǹһԼɣ
һߵûʲôˣˮľҲˡ
һϮ۵ˮľҩʦ档
ҪҴһô
ô᣿
ҩʦ˵
Ȼˮľ̵ˣҾ͸ôˣ㻹ʴ˵ȽϺá
Ȼ˵رûϢʵҲûа취顣
ˮľûʾҩʦתͷ˲Զʮ֪֮УӡѾˣսڽС
Ƭ֮һɫƵľײʮ֮ķߴŴͻˮľ
ߴ׳β¶ˮľȻʧȻľߡ
ˡ
ˮľʹһɫʾ⽻Ѿɡ
һ㣬ҿɾҪŲסˡ
׹齻ףϧ֮Ҳı䲻˴ˮľڵжԹϵʵ
ڴƺҲûһһʶ໥Ĭ̽һʵֻǵȵˮľʱ򣬴Ͳʱˡ
ҩʦһ˲ͷվڴߡ
ԷѪζأҲȫǵ˵Ѫ
ýƵͫˮľ忴һᡣ
סϵƣصֱۣ˵Ĳᡭ


526 ӡ֮ʧ
ˮľ԰׵ɫͿԿʧѪǿ϶ġұ۵쳣Դָ֪˵ǺԵġ
˳ˣҪǲҪһˡ
컹֣ţǴˣ߲ˡ
Դİ̫һ㲻ôƽϣֻǽӶرСƣҲЩ
ô죿
ˮľЩ
״̬õʱǲ壬ӣԿ֮٣
֪
β޻ѾģʽҲʹá
ұ۵ľʹҺѻоЩ΢ƫԲĿƲ˸š
Ȼ⣬ǾͲֲ̫ܽڣֻģʽʱãѵʹ뿪
ʬתͰ֮Ѿ֣ʧҲ޷
취еģʹģʽӡ
ӡˣĻȻڡ
ף̶ֳȵðջֵõģ
β޲ܹȻ׳һûʲôʵġʲô취յȻβ޲ֻҪ㹻ἤβ޻
һְ취ü˵β޲Ȼʵβ޻һЩƽֵܣʺԸΪʺβ޲ķӡ
ˮľûôģˮľβ޲һ˵һָʴԼǿľ綾֮ӴʮΣգβ޻һο顣
ʹðβ޻¶β;ͿԺ״̬ĴƽɫˮľĵڣԼβ
ˣβ޻嶼ʴòӣƤ챻ɾˡ
ˮľʹβȫβ޻ģʽǿָ֧ʵֵģûԼ϶ܲסϾԼǿмβ޲ʴΪԡ
ӡ˻ûôǿĻָЧеѹҪˮľеˡ
ΨһǣӡҪĿҪûôߣ෴־ͳһο顣
β޻ԿƵҪ͸ˣ򵥴ֱЧķβʱҪһ֮⣬̫鷳¡
϶ǲˣʹȫҩ˵
÷飬ˮľѾһɫҩȥ
ѾͷضˣˮľȻҲĥĥ䡣
һԿŰɣ
β޲׼ãȻӡ
ףԣֱ۲ѾûôղѾճɻҽˡ
еѶʱˮľһ
ûӡͷаӡڵֱѾˣǡ
ˮľ˲ʶ
ˮľӡȻֱۣʵǸֲġֱʱԻӡʼλãֻӡϵŦֱ۱ӰӡĴԻλþͻֱӴ귴Ӧȫ
һ鷳ʹˡ
аӡûˣ
ӡʩϵģӡй¶ĳסӡ
ӡˣˮľӡãֻҪǰջȥɲס
ͷ
ӡ㲻Ѿ˰ɣ
ľȻصͷѾᷢʲôˡ
β޲Ҳʼ鲼ȫˡ
һǸϽشԷһɣ
Ʋס͵йգ
Ҫˣ
ûһܹƷȫͷŵβˮľйϣҪܳһʱˡ
õһֻβޣ
β
ǿβޣˮľͷۣҪƷѶȴ˲٣ҪβϬȮһβغҪöԸöࡣ

ͨˮľ˹ȥȴؿֻ˵ˮľվǰ׼ֵͨ޾ܺԶԶ˵һߡ
ôֻһˣʹģʽҲҴ㻹浱ԼҲ
ߵʵȻǶԸһ̻ģûָЩҰʲôãһţS쳤ռ̻ˮľؿڡ
ûд̴壬˽ײ죬ֻˮľǰһ㵭ɫ赲˲SĽβ޲ɫҲϼ
ˮľ쳤ɫץס˲SĽĴҿ
û˷аӡû˹״ڣӡԭӣ
ͬʹӡ״̬һ״̬ˮľӡʽᣬֱվ޴Ȼȫͬʱ˻졣
ȴңҪջҲҪɱʹôϿɻͬβ޻ӿɾˣ


527 ѹ
鵽زԹҲ޼¡ûôӡˮľӡλú˲һڲӻؿҪֱϡ
ȴ˵
ҲҪȵǿ֮á
һ˲Ĳˮľɢβ¿ʼΣҲʼܵβ޲ʴɫβʼζ
ʲô
ǰӡıѾʮɻ󣬲֮ӡĹԼѯʣ̿ԵʱѾֹһβˡ
ֲĲԼʮֲ⡣
β޵ӦҲӴɣ
żҲƸо
ȻʱǺβ޵ĺ壬ǿҲġ
׾ͺãڵ㻹޷
ͷ˺Ҳôã
˺һ㣡
ˮľٴԶ롣
뿴Ҳȫ
ӿķɳЩܡ
֪΢һ㣬ԸܵĪˮľķۼȻ޷Դԣֱڻ۵ΣϢ
ˮľ޼ɵʹӡķҲЩ⣬ĶԼϵȻˮľϵİƷӡѾԷԤ֮ı죬Ǳǲıġ
ַʽʹӡַȻôֻôͷβ޲ҲǺദģ
ЧסӡʱԸȻĹӦβ޲Դ֮ˮὥݽߡҪֻܵйϺͣ
ͨ߹ƻ͸֧ˮľ˵Ҳһش
ȻܸȤսǳԼʱ򣬸оͲôˡ
вؿˮľƲϰθߡ
裬Ǹô鷳ѵǸһ
ǣҲ࣬ӦòһöԸ
ƷҪӣĻรɣ
ͨ߶սܣȫͬĸ
ٸٸƷٶˡ
ԽԽˣ裬ô˽Ӷĸ鷳ѵʱѾȥˣû˰ˡ
Ҳǵʲôʱжԣϻˣ湥ˣ
һֻɫľִӵ̽һסߵߴ磬Ȼק
βһ˦ִϣȻˮľѹȥ
սô鷳ܸоȻվһߣ
󣬵ȴ̵ͨٶ졢һֻˮľβ޻׶εսٶҲס
β޲أѹβ޻֮ڲ취ĻΧȴСԭΪûбҪԭΪ̫Եʡ
صβ޲ϣһСʿűصȫʿףѹȸдþˡ
ʹģʽʱ⻹Ǻܴںָı䡣ˮľһᵽΪһѴ
ߵٶȻǾ޴Ҳ̸ӣƺжԸβ޻ľ顣
ȻˮľҲԥѵĴţɫͱĲѪҺ۳һɫС򣬴ȶ֮󣬱ˮľһ¶
ܣ
޴ˮľڲͼ䵽֮ˮľ׼ߵķſ죬βȵĹǰɨ䡣
޷ܵͣ壬ͼͱļʡͬʱҲûӶ
ͨ顪ţ
βڽһ·ϵ谭ʧȻǰһ߾޴ϡ
޴ĳը֮ͣ
䶨֮¶һɵСɳƬ֮󣬻˺۵ƴ˳Ǵҩʦ
ܣһ̫ˡ
֧ϰһˮľĶҲƺһʱ̫
Ҫһ󣬴裬ҪҾǲң
£ļƷ
費ɫ˵š
֪Լ״̬ѣѾûоԵİѹߵĻ˵Ƣõļһʹ˷ɡ
ߵĻûʲôϣӮˡ
ǿĲSղʹùˣûЧԼҲҪˣôȥĻҪԴˡ
迴˿β޲ڲˮľע֮ſ죬ߴ˳صȺˮľķ˹
֮󣿡
ͨߣȺ֮еǿͨˮľҲЩɵ


528 ֮
УǿĶ֮ͨӴͨγӿûܸԱͨͷųǿĹȫӳĻʹˮľҲܡ
⣬ӡر׳ۣ˵ѹȸرǿͨߣһ㲻Կ˼Ȼ϶ˮľ
֮ͨ࣬ûʵǿĸ壬΢ǿһԽһ֡
ˮľȻȥβ޻״̬Ҫʹóֶξ̫鷳ˡ
ѾһֻĽŵصĳɫβ͹ˮľ΢ȻԼٶֱӳ裬֮󣿱ըôʲôֱӸɵ˾ˡ
һ߿һߵˮľҲһֱۣߺʹж䲻ô׶ˮľĳ
޼ɵس֮ˮľֱЩͨߣ˿ûͣûб赲Ƭ̡
ôⲻβ޲ãҲӦβ޵ڰæ
ԲͬˣȻòͬʵβ޲ȽЧʡԸҪķսԸȻҪˡҪǱˣˮľ˵һ̺Խԣ漸ֻԱԼƸࡢ滨Ĵ裬ǼֱһȽϺá
ʹżȺסˮľҲβ޲б顣ˮľȺңֱܶӱӴβ޲ʴ
ѹԵô
ͷһ漴¶ģȻͼˮľͨ߷׷ױ
һͨ޵ıըҲ̫󣬶ˮľҲû˺ôһҲǺֲܿˡŵβ޲һζıըˮľҲЩǰͻҲΪ֮һ͡
Щˮľ˵㲻ʲôвؼ̫鷳ˣβ޻֮ȽѣȥͽȻ֮ûʲôôԼʶ֮ǰʲôԺֻˡ
һ˲䣬ˮľԼȻͣ³Ĳ˫صڵϣ޴ɳڿն𣬱ĳ˲ӿȺɳ֮У߲ĵطˮľٴʹ޴βڳɫ׵ĹɨƬ֮ͽȺһա
Զ߮ߺʹӰˮľȻЩƣҲûΪղŵĴĹеֵ˵ãβ޲ģԼά־ʱһ㣬Ƕѹեܸء
β޲ʴѾʼˣȫҩãˮľԼᵽԼϼڲ˺׳β޲Ϊһ޼ɵؿ볹ûˮľ־ѾԶˡ
һֻֻ鷳ѹִ豻ʬ⾡ȡһ˫֮ʵ½ôԣ
Լһ̫ľͨ޾ͺˣԼͲô鷳һжˡ
ԭԼƻñӷսһƽƵģڷûǰʲôʱԼʧأԼ˸˳ʰˡ
һ㲻̫ľǣβ޻Ȼǿ󣬹ֶε൱һҲѹ֣Щβ޵ĵ˱Ͳ࣬òЩ鷳ĶֻҪƾǿͲԻͬǿȵĵ˾͹ˡʹóָ߲ҪĿǵ顣
Ȼˮľֻгȥⲫһ·ˡ
ǡʱˮľѾѹƲסͻˡ
ˮľſѵĴβ޲Ըٶӿȹ֮һ͵İɫ޳ڴǰ֫սģӣͷм񵹽ǡ
β
ˮľܹβ޵֣ȻѾµ尵л֯ļ鷳ˮľõβĲ
õ˲ٺö
ڲǸпʱȫβ֣ӵо޴ͨ޵սѾڣͿˮľôսˡ
ûô߾õȣ˼άѾеģˮľ׼ߵķ֫Ϳʼͳ壬ʩӣٶԽԽ죬һɫصײߵ
Ʋҩʦ֪Լû̶ֳȽ˵һߣˮľҵײ׷ɣأɫٴγ
߹˲ϵƣҪβϣͼˮľһԾȻ̤£ӲĹͷ顣
裬ҼֲסˣΪ֮ҪҲȰҵļƷ֣
˵꣬ųصƣԹԽͨصض


529 Ҿͷ
˿ԼΪôվ֮УԼܵвʱ򣬺ԥܣڹϵõԼ߲Ų俼ǵ֮С
ûͨ޵İæһԿβǿĹҲ̫Ϊˡ
ĵƵȻУǰ״߻ǰ֮õľʱʵЩֵ
ˮľɲô࣬Ŀֻдһ˵ʱҲνΧĹǲ̫˷ˡ
ǿβ޵ˮľѾƲסʱԼΪ񱩵ܵɳؼ̤óֻϧԴĴԸߵʱôá
ˮľеĴķѣȻʧһγˮľߵ
ԭˣǿƲס˼άʼģˣ
ûˮľĴֻǲϵĶβĲ̤ʵϣԱֶڶĴ˵ȸղŸöԸĿ̫С˼άˮľ˵Ҫץס˸ӵˡ
е˼
ԶˮľβͷҪöĴֲֳSʼϵˮľҵع֮С
սصЩԶĵطָһЩķѾصԶԶؿˮľľһͽ޷ƥеͨ߻ˣȴڴĽ¹ʱҲûçײͼȥæ
ô죿ƺѶԸ
ЩĴԻиĵûб¶
ʵռţȴû취ӳеϧ
ԭ˽ˮľʵ֮иڴأѾȫ׼һӦԸˡ
һսȵβսҪǿö࣬߿ƣܸõؽչֳߵβޣױʵ߸ԣѾɥʧǵˮľǴ־֮Сͬ飬ȴȥæ
ˮľʶʧβҲԽԽ󣬼ʹ֮вй¶ͷųƣϢ֮С
Ѿɥʧ־ôǲСģ
Ҫսȥ뷨ʣµľôˣҪˮһ󣬲һ뵽ʱռ鷳ĶҲֻҷ뷨
ԭǴ뿪ģֻҪһǱ£βǼ̤ݵϣô趼ܲסּ򵥵ķ϶ǲˡԵûһ㣬õĵط̫ˡ
Ӱ֮
ʮһģһĴƾճ֣ȻѸ˷ɢӣֱ治Ӱβ׼һͳ˹ȥûܳԶӰͱѹȻɢβԵһ׷˹ȥ
ô׾ôߣ
ǲЩ⣬ǿƺֵһСиˣˡ
ˮľƲƲ졣
ʲôֵģֻǹߣǻ۲ǿƹߵˣ޷õĻҲһᱻˣתҰްˡ
ܿƵ˵ʲôʱͻԼ鷳
ؿ˿ӰøԶβȻ֪һ´ķ
Ҫ׷ô
ˮľҡҡͷ
˰ɣ׷ȥҲ޼£Ȼ˵ˣǲأ׷ȥӲ˺á
Ѿʹһǿޱȵؽߺʹ趼ˣ˵Ӧʤˡ
ǵҲ˰ɣ
Ӧðɣ
ؿЦŴ
Ҫִ˵ˡ
Ǿɣ
޷ָӣˮľҲֻôӵȨ
Ψһ⣬ôǸһƷˣ
йϣҪˣһֱҪȵΧȻŨϡάȫβ޻ʱᣬһﻹᵽܣ˭Ҳ֪ʲôʱͣҪĶ̫ɰ˹飬ɾǴ¹ˡ
дۻõô
һĬǲզˣˮľתͷء
ľݻץסҵıô
εҡҡͷ

ˮľ̾ϢһԸβѪ޽дۺľݶߣȴһŲó
һźˮľϾͲ¡ûáˣʵҲˣҲΪʵʧ
Լϣǿ׼æ
Ըβ޲ˮľһΪõֶΣǾǽշǰʹõʱֻһοѹβ޲Чô
ããɳУڽĻһɶβͣԭص¶ƺЩԥж
迴ˣǿʼɡ


530 ӡѹ
ȫβ޻ˮľѾڻجج״̬ˣ˱֮⣬Ծ̫ķӦ
ѾӡڲķӡǲΪβ޲Ӱʧģˮľָ֪·һĶλ㣬жĹؼ
ˮľڵκֻҪͻᱻˮľ嵱ҪǼΪѵġ
β֮еĻôжжʧˡ
ˮľòô廹ڶɳ˼ʱܹṩսĸ˲ڱߣ䷴Ӧĸռķɫ۳˸ŽĴ׳Ѹٵزβ֫޴״Ȼ͵һ޴ʱ˵ڵء
ӡǸöܹͬʱӡسӡҲвǻͻָӳɺһ㡣
ϻˣϽ֡
շǲĸʱһ²⣬ǵ˵Ļˮľͽӡպ׶ȥɷȥˣϧԼıûôݡ
硪ķ󣡡
Žշ״̬ĸٴνӡʹһӡ硣
ͬʱʹһӡͽ磬ĿɲСҪص̫õĻǾҪˡ
ûôš
˫ָ߾ٵ˽ϣ۳һ޴͸״񷶥ܷһɫ£βϣϵظοһ궯
ķһרԴͨԼβ޵ӡ磬ĳԾΪץӡβޣֻʹõ٣һβҲôֻģ񼼣Ҳû֡һԭǶʹҪ̫ߣķӡţǧһ֧ţһ˵ҪĸʹãҪĸ˲ΪɫҪĸϲܳһҪеˡ
Ȼˮľķ֮ʹûʲôģҲѸ٣ûβʱ䡣
ӡǴ̽ͷӡعЧĶ;磬ֻ̽ͷӡʱòϣֻܺķѴĲάˣʱûʲôˮľʩչӡ硣
Ƚ糹׳֮غ١

ǸǿûʱռôĶ
Ҳ֪Ѹʩ׼֮ʼӡ
ľݡĬɱ֮
εض𣬽˸ʵʵ
ιôǻӰʽ˳֣
罵ϵ֮⣬ֻѹβˡ
Ҳ֪ûгĿϣʵصķӡʽûɣҲڰ£ֻΪǺżӦûŪã
ðɣˮľҲֻϵù
ͨľݣǵõȵʲôʱ򣿡
ľܹβ޲ûҲиޣص״̬ȫûаտԽ峹ѹˡ
һ֮ʹõβľʼ״ԭûľͷ׮ӣͻȻʼѿҶʼ׳ɳ
ô£
ˮľƳһغ˵ľôˣѵûԸβޣ
ҡҡͷ
ֶϵģһǵһ֪β޲Ȼлľݵá
ôһ˵ҲûľѾѵһѪ޽ˣͬϡٵβ޲ᷢʲôȷʵ
صľȻС˺ܶ࣬ȷʵ˾ľݣֻΪʡľݵرǿ󣬵βֶΪԴ༯־γɵǿЩβ޲ľݴպʲôЧҲͲԤˡ
ѧϰ｣͸֧ѹƾβʱʹõľݷѿԼڵĴ̽սлβ֮һð׾ԭ࣬ļӳ֣ľݵӡ
ΪĽľݵƺ
֮ϲ޾֮·Ӧûеȣ
Ϊβ޲ʧβʼ궯ˮľͬʱάŷӡͽѹʱ
ôдۻϽһ㡣
֪ˣ
ͷĴһﻹŲǰԼ˵ʲôҲڵûʲôΣա
д۶βǷһ˲ĳʧ񡣺д۶β޵ĿƲԣʼʩչʼϰûõļҴдۻȻЧôβʱ


531 
صľݣˮľĿȷʵе㼦ߣûרѹβ޵֮ǰԼ޻ת֮á
Ҳʤޣǿβ޲ЧǺܳɫҲǿ̵ˡ
Ҳڵʱʲô⣡
ڼ˼֧ŵʱһϴ˹˫ģʽˮľӰ
ȥɨһ´ʵҵĹô͸ӣ
ʱҪְæ
ѾĴˣ޷֧ŵֻΪżһСæ
ȻģʽǾͿñһİ취ˡ
ɷ޻תֹ֮סβ޴壬һʯ̻ڵϡ
Ͻβ޻Ӵɷβ޲ʼòȶɢݸӿ٣ľݵЧҲ𽥿ʼ
һֱȵ˶Щֲסʱȫβ޻ųױ⣬˻Ϊβ״̬
̶ֳȣˮľѹƵΧ֮ˡ
ԭĸл䣬۵ſڵϣˮľҲٶ˵ˣѹˮľ궯Ҳǳ٣ȻҲ۵òУýأԼڵ£˫ȴҲάԼ
ðɣ˵Ѷ
˵ûİ֣ĸˮľǰŽշɫˮľʵʵβ±ɢˣڵβ޲ӡķӡȴ൱鷳
ˣһˣ
ˮľӰԸءڷ֮飬ʵȥƣ֮ǰһֱʵʱɰ飡
ϻҪô죿
ڻвβ޲ڴӡûбӡԱְԵ״̬ܿԼ־ѹȥˡ
ӰЦЦ
İɣϾҪˣڽİ취Ѿˣż
ĸһۣͬ˱ӰȻʧ˳ˮľ塣
ʣµӰ˵ӦòˣҪעⰲȫ˳һ䣬бİɣ
ƣò붯زԵġšһǵͷ
ղҾ˵ˣɰʱҡ
ô
Ӱһ㶣ȻʧЦ
ǻǱǸˣ
˵껯ת۾ɢһա
ǲѾľӰʱ䵽ˡ
תͷʵ
ǰô죿
Ϣָ֮󣬷ɰ壬һй¶鱨ͽ
Ǳļ֮УΣյľЩڸĶΪ㲻֪ʲôʱͻᱻֻҪ֣һ³ôá

ľҶɽʵңĸʵЯͬʱԵ쳣ûκһҴҲȥɢȥˡ
ôʵӡӦûбְɣ
Ǳ컯ӡģʽֻβ޻һӦòеĲ죬Ӧй˵µʲô
ǲҪһ£β鱨Ӧñ֪ˣôӦû֪ǲ֡֯Ϯ飬±ʲô£˵Ǹֲ
һ̴ΪβͽǶɶδһѾøЩˡ
Ӧ䣬ҪģʱԭΪӦѾԵıȻӱʵʵ沿
ˣ
Ƶɫʬˮľѵ
ոѣӰɢʶع飬ͷһ㣡
Ӱ˵Ĳõĵɣôڵô죿Ҫܹѹβ޲ӡͲˡ
Ȼеġ
ˮľס沿¶һЦݡ
ѴӲ˼ϰĺڰùǸá
ףеƺǸѹƲĺöȻ˵ģʽ֮Ļ塢β޲ܱѹƣôӡȻҲ⡣
ڰݵĲûֻۻݣֻҪִڵĲ޷˳ʹҲָߵȼеֵʱ䴥֮ʱ룬˺Ǻܴ
˵ɾ͸ɣʵȡռĺڰСض뱾ĸλڲԭЩβ޲ʱɢһգӡҲʼˣһᣬǻָ
ڰӱϰȻշҲ˳


532 
һһϵģҲչ¶˳Ƥβ޲ʴһƬͨ죬ܶطƤڣ¶˻䶯ʺļ⡣
ҵĵطֱۣβ޻ʱв֧֫ţβ޻ֱ֮۵״ֱĿġ
ôӣ
նϵĵط޸ļ󣬵ƺʲôˡ
ˮľ忴˿ֱۡ
Ӧȫҩβ޲ĵĽ
ôһ㾭ʵϡ͵ҩȻﲻ֫ĵز޸ӦǿԤġ
ֻǶϿڴļ֯ʵ̫ܵβ޲Ӱ̫ˣֻǸʴЧҲˣ·ʲôı죬񰩱ǱԼתƵĲ鷳ˡ
ʱûиоʲôף
ȫĥĳϸ쳣״ĵֿӦò
ҪעӦӡû˷аӡվǸ˵ʲôʱ㣬̫ǿҪˡ
ӡˮľն˵
ʲô˵ͷġ֮ӡװ룿
Ǹᣡ
ˮľͷȷϡ
ˣһʱҲӲȫսҷսڣʹӡʵѾѷɫһˡѾ¶ˣȻȫסС֮ͽܹǼɵһ͹ˡοһûأֻ˵ˣ˭֪ƴɶΣ
ǰΪ¶Ӷ˷ɣѾˣɴûһ
˰ֲ֮˺ʱӦụ̂²˳٣ھ
㻹ǲ˷ʱ䣬廹ûãͰԼľѣ
ͼƻõģֻһֱûʲôᣬҲһ񲻴ԽԽá
һƶḶ́ӡһֱԼռһԼṩİԽԽ٣ΣԽԽˡ
еǰ취ȫҩҽöþָܻս
һʱ䣬彫ȫֲ˺ΪԻݡ۶ݵĿԼӡͻоʵнΪҪսѪ޽硢ȵȡ
ȴ壬ʱųһڸţȲο֮оľ֮ڽȹ̵ϵ
ɳ̲ϵĳǱǳվҪٵģһξһ̵Ľѵ
Ҫһʧѭ򽥽ôףôðһհɣԼսֵôǿˣҲ֪ԼĿǰצжôٶۡ

֮󣬰ӡˮľ˹ȻеҾ񣬵һֽѹͷĳֶ֮ĳС
ǻʹӡģǣԼȴûӡõʲôԭ򣿡
ܹĽԼɰ״ߵļһˮľɲ˻᲻öԼ֡ΪߵĴ϶ڳܲסģܹʵĶΪʲôԼã
ʵһ룬δûԼùпܷʲô׶ǿаˣŵ¾©󡣻ֿܲǲʬתɵΣ
һ㵹ǲ޿ܣʵ֮ӡ֮Ҳˮľİһָߵȼʱã治ʲô¡ȴΪĳЩԭ򲻵ò룬ͬʱҲһȻķ
߰ɣȥɰ忴
ˮľļ顣
ϾԼĶӳܾôܣ
ǰӡЩԥΪԼܲȻ˥ķգôٵڶڲľأǲܴأ²һʱҲû˷ˡŲأʱõģһ㣬һԣ÷֮ȫݱҲǲС

İĵ£ǲѾ˺ܳʱˡʹֲİ׾ϸһ̲ͣزҲѿٵؽָ
㵽ûУ
ʱš
֫˲ʲô£һ׾ֲ͹ˡоţų߷֮
ǲ˺ľؿǸᴩĴڣβˣôʹĲĵʹ
ӡŶô
ǲΪ˱֤ǲҳϣ˲ܱѲǲжӡһˮľȻûд࣬ǽвӡ˷Ӧ
ҪǺھʱʱǲ˲ˡ
ǴΪʮβ֮󱻰βޣھȻԽܾãɼûеļһﵽжô


533 ò
ϵƿܱʮ걻µʱҪһ㣬ڵĴʵǿɳҲҪߺܶ࣬ټа׾ͺھİӦñʱ״Ҫõöࡣ
ⲻǺܴ󣬵Ҫжˡ
кھ׾ϸĶ㹻ʱֲˣƣһ㶼ܹȻ
ϴѾˣȥѾû¶ˣȥǱ߻ỳɵġ
ûɱĵϴȻΪԼǿԼʱԮһȷʵ˴ʧܣԼĲûб¶
һֱԳǲڡ֮֯еĴĴĿӰˮϳһС֮⣬ûǱ
֮ǰ´˿֯ԤԱƺҪˣ֯Ӱˡ
ù
ŵ˵
ʲô֪ӣôֻҪܹʮβҲʹﵽˣڹôͲ̫ˡ
֯ĺĳԱӣɰ֮Ы͵ϴˣ׽β޵սʣ·ɶκͽǶ˻ȽϻνĲ֮鱨Ӷر¶󽫻رԣʲôʱƸɵͲ֪ˡ
⣬޻㾡ľֻͬǲϲ⣬˭Ҳ֪ڼƻʲô
ֱе㲻ˣԼȥģҵʵҲǺ£
òҪУָļƻִ㡣
ھζعЦ˵
ϣĿ꣬вҪˡ
ʮβ֮أһùڲץһֻβޣǾϲˮľһ֯ļƻȫˡ
ʵҶԤԱļƻܲãҪ˲ſãͲˣܹץβ޵ǿô׳֣
ھͼ֯ͼıмһˣ̽ǿ߾ô࣬ô֯ļô꣬ҲֻǶڻ˲ʮõʽԱѡ

ˮľԭΪԼɰûлҰ޵ģû뵽δķӰôˡ
ɰѧУڰ˰Ů־һֱȮڣæµˮľ󲿷ʱҲֻԶԶعѡżһЩˮľֶǲסĹԱԼѼ䣬Լʵ᲻Ȥ
ܹҰ޹ѧУѧǻӣòҰɰĵλʼӦҲǧ̫ĬĽˮľݣȻûҪҰϵ
ûüëļһȥ̿УǸľҶ߼ӡȮڣȻͲסįҰսˣȻȻؾͰˣʵĲȷʵʱֲ
ð
ˮľЦһߵ˵
ǧǰҪң֣ҲǵҺ͹ǰʲôϵ
Ȼ£ν鷳پ١
νʵѾӽβˣʱ㣬ľҶ̿ԲҪʼ׼ˣɰȻҲһڲѡλƣҰ޾ǳˢڸУҲǲѡ
ǸˮľõϷ꣬Ұ޵裬ʲѣ˳ϵѧУѧĺøУҲ˳µ顣
ȻˣˮľϰıΪķļ⣬ҲʵಢûôıƣֻԼˡ
һΰǵĴæȴûʲôһֱΡ
ˮľƲƲ죬Ϣ֪ľҶļһŽ赶ɱˣߵĴɱ߸ôˮľŲǰЩսĽɰûȥ̽
ֻһжˮľϵˣҪߣûȥ֮󣬸ϵ̿ԣȻҲԼŮĳ
Ľ⣬ִҲһֱϣܺ͹ദһͬ˵вֻǹ廹ǾȷĿӰѡȻĻЩҲ̫㡣
̴֮ĽҲҪݶԵȡˮľٵ߷Ӵ˵Ļɰĳ֮ͬ߹ٲ㲻ʧҪӰ֮Ľøô죿ǧͺϲذӴ֣һ֯ûĻܶȷʵ̫㣬жϽɰ򡣴򽻵Ч̫ͣϻݴӰְȨʲôߴǾ֯̽粢̫ƽֳȥĻʲôã
գˮľҲûкǧ档ʵҲûǸҪ˼תˮľɰйǣ
գˮľڰ˰̤˻س̵;


534 ¿
һֱ뿪֮˽۹ɽ֮ˮľŽʵ˹
ô죬ˮľżȥ֮Ҳж˺֮⣬ûǰ¶ݡ
ʱˮľǽֵĶϱ۸ָ˹ڰĴҲˡǲڱ˶ĿˣҪŶֻȥСĿɲá
ˮľʦ˵ĸое㲻ͬˣ
ȻѾްˣ볹׻ָҪһʱ
ʧѪָ࣬ҲǼܺõģɫȷʵҪ԰һ㡣
ǰˮľʦߣһѹȸУƺƽһЩ
ȮڣץҲ֪ôо˵Ů־˵һЩ˼Ļ
ӵֱģˮľʦǹʢ˵Ϣûˡ
û뵽Ů־˵ⷬˮľݸһЦ
ǺϤ˾ϰˣ
ܰɣ
ֱֶ˵
ˮľҲʶˣɷâ¶躹ޣֹжĲ죬һ̬ת䡣
壬ϵȶʱţԺ󽫻ٺܶࡣȵϵֺϺ֮ʰǿˮľӭһ
ˮľʵֱӽѧľҶ壬ûʲô壬ԼֻӰȶг̡ˮŵķ֮ôҲûԼѧȥЩ鲻ǵԼȥ
ȥˮľҪǰļƻѧмƻˣȮڣ̿һʧܿɾѿˡ
ԶԶںغҲûǰ棬ϾôϤ˵Ҳǰ

֮һƽػصľҶ塣
һʱ䣬ľҶĵ̣ԻָȥǳսҴĴˡȥʱΨһĲܾǽ϶һЩꡢִڵľԱ
ÿˮľôԸ֣Щ֪ȴòװͿĸоЩ̫á
־ˡʹ˽ɢ񱨸ύ⼸Ϣһ£̿˿쵽ˣҲȥ˵ջ񡣡
֮ˮľε˻Ӱ칫ҡ
һᣬֲſˮľύϸ񱨸档
豻ô
߲㱻迿ˮľƲʱܣȻеźҲףڶĴ費ô׾ͱɵġ
ɣˡ
صݽı棬жϴ״̬սΣȻˮľҲǡ
˸ֵĻˮľһɣǿϿԼˡȻûѴôеϴսټδ֪ӵд۵ĵ˱ˮľˣôݾľ֮Ļǲġ
ᵽ˵úأڻô
Ѿûʲôˣǲǰ
ٴ֯϶ǰĺáҪָҪһʱӦڡ
ֵףֱڻлɻңϡеĽҲһţҪһˣС͸Լ̵û뵽һ룬Ҳ֪ܲ޲úá
ֵͷ
ҶˣҲһɫҽߺҩʦ
ܹտ¡ļһ֫Ȼ鷳һ㣬Ƶķ治Ҫֲ־ͿԽˡ
°ɣûлؼңڡ
л

ˮľ뿪óصıղ鿴Ȼ¶Ϊ֮ɫ
ɱϴӰ쵹Ǻܴ󣬱ͺ岻ɱһ̣˭Ҳ޷˵ʲôһľҶûٽ²ǶԷԱҰľҲûеǨŭľҶ塣
һβββжصûб¶ռôβ޲㵽Ҫʲô
֯Ϯ壬βֵ÷зˮľȻõβôȻҲǻˮеһ
ûκ쳣ֵϢҲûѯľҶ壬˵ˮľȷʵΣûбҰľ̷֡ҲǸָеҵһ¡
ˮľһ鱨Ĳָǣˮľûкֻ۽֣ǲ֪ĳЩܣЩ
ѵǵҲӣ֯ľҶϹϵô죬Ҳô˵
̽ʦͽеϷ벢ټдɱĿӰԳնβҲ߱ʦӣвΪ֪ǲˮţԼԭбɱҲ
¿ϣ߱ʦɹ൱ߡҲȻǿǿֻ۰սĴҰľ˿


535 ̻˼
ôģˮľʱġЩҷһߣ±ȽҪȻСԤڻһʱ䣬˵ʲôʱӾǰˡ
Ȼ뿪һܸ࣬оѾȥ˺ܳʱ䡣м䷢ô£ϴô׵ˣ֯׷ļһֱӻ߼ӵԼϣʵЩꡣ
ƿţˮľϸؼһ£ûʲôرһ˶ڣƺȥˡ
ĳ裬ʵԼԭеϰкܴĲˡ
ˮľڽԼľõþɾˬ͹ˣƽʱҲֻǵһϢľ
ԴӼһ֮󣬽ؿʼ˸ı䡣
һ̻ļ˰ɣ
ƿյĴˬĿռ͸˽ɢЩϢ
СȥɢȥˡܹϾʱ䣬׿һзְݵʵҲǲѡֻǺܿϧܹõյʵ̫ˣľҶ졢ĴӰڷ˵ͨˣ̽սе֮ʤ
ˮľһʼҪЩֻأǧǲ簮жôҪ磬ֻԱʹѡǵزԼѾҪΪ̽һСˣϸ֦ĩڵСѾ˺ԼˣֻЩͬߡԼ̽ΣԼĿԣ˴µķҪıһˡԼǲۣҲûҪһȺͬ档ֻСŮԼǻֵ˵ġ
˵ڲϵذθߡѹ𽥼ᣬߵҪȻ֮ΪΪԶвҪϸһˡ
ˮľѰ˼ʱſڴ˶ƺСˡ
ŵСҲʶˣغƿĴ
ˮľˣ
ˮľ߳ݣС֮⣬һͬɫŮîϦա
ðˡ
ھԼ¹⼲ˮľîϦյǺܿ
ˮľЦЦǰ·ѾЩС
鷳ˡ
îϦսС͵֮󣬴˸кû߽ݾ뿪ˡ
ʲôʱ˺ˣ
żȥҽԺʱ¹⼲ҲڣѼ䣡
ԭˣǰ¹⼲糤ҽԺƣ״ҲôãżҪȥһ壬îϦȻҲͬ˴кҲ
ҲҪˡ
ô
һˮľһҲ֣˹ϵͲ齨ͥҲ˳µ飬¹⼲СûӵܣîϦո汲Ҳде߼ͥҲûʲôʵġ
ʲôʱ򣿡
°ɣ
̿һһҪ඼Ҫˣʱеʱ࣬úʡ
ˮľС£Ȼһˮ˹
ķأôûһ𣿡
Ҫտ̿Կ쵽ˣõʱ򡭡
ˣ
ˮľЩҼƵĲٳֻҪҪӲģɷе㲻ϸֻǷ޷ά̫࣬ԽҪԴҪˣͲòѹһԤڷսּҪȫȥάָƽʱ򣬼żԼˡ
֮󣬶ʱӦò鷳ˣڼ㣡
˻Ůң
Ȼ
Ϊ˱׵ô
С
СͻȻһת
ǲˣ
ˮľ󾪡
ûе£㿴ҲǺúõô
Ҹףȥˣ
ԭﱩ¶ˣˮľһЦԭһִֻ̫죬ԽֵҲժû뵽ûСˡ
һֻ׼һСǰ
ҿ
ˮľ
ͺˣ㲻õˣ
Сһֱۣʱڸճļԭɫ컹൱󣬼ʱβˡ
˶ģܰ۳ӣĵطû˰ɣ
ûˣ
Сϸشһˮľƺûʲôˡ
ԺСһ㣡
ˮľʵжǿСȻȫףǾԼ֪Աͨ½Ҫǿö࣬侭ĿӰĿԼɵһЩѶͿɼһߡܹˮľ˵زģԲͨĵˡ
İɣһҪСҵϻӰģôܳ£
Ȼô˵ˮľԼҲ֪ԺҪðյʱв٣ҲԽԽǿԼȷʵҪӽˡ


536 ֮
翵ĶǰͼŪ⵽ʲô
ǰӰ죬ˮľǱȻġͳһ⣻ѧѧһ֧ͼԽȻ뷨
ĿѧۣġԭоͳһֱۡˮľԽ֮ǰ˿ûлɡ
Խܳһʱ䣬ˮľҲͼȥ֮̽ϵΪв涫ģʵĽޣԼһΪҵеĹؼ
ֻǽһ̽ɹĲ˵ܶеĹˡԴСͽܲű֤Ψˮľ˵Ҫȥ̽ʵеǿѡ
ֱˮľŷ˳׸ʶ뾫ֶ뷨ʶӾ͵ãðɣˮľѧʶҲֻ֪ЩʶѣоҪѵһľ˵Щ鷳⻹ǽĴȥˣԼֻҪ֪ôþˡ
֮Ǵʮоľڡ
ݹ۴һ˼仯СʱҲһʴӱꣻսУʧȥ棬Ѫϴ˽Ψңδ֪ĺ桢Ŀ־;ӡʬת֮תȵȳ漣ʵ֣ԼдеҩʦʧܣЦ뷨תʹǰǡϴס
Ȼһɡ
Ȼʵ˼ȶĿꡪɷϵǣʼվûһᶨƵع᳹᪴ȷʵǴִûȴִǵĴ֪
ִҲǾһ֣ÿ˻ٶСڲӰ£־ᶨ˸׽ִԻ
ĴСǹؼִʲôҲ˶죬轫ڵΨһΪǱӡ棬ӡʧͲǳɱ
Σյһ㣬ǽ綨֪ı߽硣
豾ľ֮ӡ᪴ߵţַļ䣬ǲʬתɵ˵ִȫ赱һ֡
ֿ϶ԼĴڣ𽥱仯ģԼÿһת䡣һǲϿɵģǾٵļǿӵ˼룬ֻȻʴзյģʽ
֪ķΧ綨ô
ˮľЩԥʵ
֪еʵ⣬Ǵûѹң
ʵעŲԶǰ
ǿ룬֪Ҳνǲ᲻ΪǱģ
Ѿһʵ˼άƫɴ¹ʣʵĿŶһֱɡ
Ϊ˵ô
֪ˣֻһֱԸʵѡ
ǰαԼ
ˮľ૵˵
ȻǰľûѾǲǰˡ
Щʻ㣬ʹõĻİǰֳƺԼһ̷Ӧù
ڽˮľһԼһϡ֡
ˮľ˵֮Ȼԡ
ѶӾζټֱǹ۲硢γ֪ий١ǰûгеĸйٷӦźŴݵٶȼ죬޽ӽҲʱģҲ˵˼άйٲͬΪڣһ֮ȻȻͲᱻΪһˡ
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Щε˵
ͺñһֻ֣ÿһϸмСĿܷ䣬ֲֻܰԼһ֣
ԽôˣѾϰ飬ʳ̸ֹϰߡ¹ۡΨһ㻹ûѧô׼ȷĶλ֪ϵƫһֱھţǼ⡭
ʱԶһͣǾ㽡˶֣߳˵еӤ
¶ԺԺֻˣ
Ѿ޷ˣֻʽ
롰֮ӡԭˮľհ׵Ҳһ˺ѣ˼֮ˮľǾԼֲ
߰ɣ
͹ȥԼԺȫµˡ
ĽҲúÿǡ


537 
ӰĶλˮľԼȷʵ֪⣬ôʵͬԼһ֣һ㻹Ҫúÿһµġ
ģķʵ˼άԴˮľûҲǺԼһģһĿ¡塣ǣΪһĻͲܽ俴Լһˡ
ܶǰϴ춹֮ӡӡд۵־һ־һû⣬˭Ҳͬϴ춹Ǵһ֣ͬĸ塣
ˮľʵȻ൱Ĳ࣬ӡ¡ӰԶԶȲӡҲֻû־ǣԶϴ춹һһĻˣڵʽȷʵʮơ
ʮβݳȻָ˾Ŵβޣֻβ޴ûʹԼϳʮβͬͬԴһ֣ȻûͬУʶγɿɲݾܰ쵽ġ
Ҫƾ輸仰˵ˮľɲһ׵飬¹ĸòؿǡ
һҪ㣬֮ӣƶβ޺ĺͽ⣬β˹ϵܣβҲΪԼһġҷӰ־û㽫ͬʵ壬ǱӡӰֽʵΪе뷨ȱıΪҲܽܣ
˵ҶרУȻ˵һֻһΪҵһ֣ҷ˲ͷ俳һҲӦõġ˾Ҫҩ̫صĻҲǱġ
֮һúо֮ôǿ뷨ҲԸὨ飬ֻң
ˮľԭȵĴҲãҲգһǿԿ϶ģжǱġ
ǰûгͨңΪ߳ɳҲңߺ϶Ϊһ֮ԼһϡֵˮľȻңӰǱӡӰҲͬ˵Щҵһ֡ǣʵ壬ҪҪ֪ҪԼ
˵꣬ˮľһ˲ʧ
ھĻʵЩĽĿǸСӤԺˮľСĵطЩʧҡҡͷȻת뿪
νĳɹôÿܻ᲻ԾشȡԼѯԽͣ˵ԼѹֱʱҪԼ©ʵҲͨԼ˼άƫΪ֪ʧ˳ϲҰ

ʵвͬһ޿ɺǣͬһ飬ƵĽƫ֡
Ӧеľ֮ѾˣȻ鲢û˵ôأʱ֤ͬߵƫҲᱣһɿصķΧзʵıΪӦǲڵġ
ʵεĴڣİָ֮·һǶλҵۻǲȫʺˮľ˵
֪Ķ壬Ҳûһ׼ȷĴ𰸡
Ǵܴҵһȡɵķȥͼʲôǽ綨ЩΪҵһ֣޲ѭԲһϵؽӽ
Ѱδ֪ҲԴΪģ̳ŲҩʦеԴ㼯һγɵĴ߶Ҳεʧˣǻ۲ҩʦʲУһ޷жϣǴʹ˸ı˳ʵ
Ҳ˵޵ضѻԴǲȡģȻǲģֻʵֵĿ̫Сѡ
һ۶ϣˮľ˹ڶԵ̽Уʥ˵Ƴ籸˭Ҳ֪ʥ˵ʲôֻǸʲôʥ֮Уܽӽʥ֮Щʵһĵ
ˮľϿɴ۵ģҪҪȫհĵ·Ҫϸһ¡
ʲôˮľ
ԲʱɷСѯʡ
ô죬ԭһӣʵֲˣ
ûǮǸ⣬ԺԽԽֹ࣬Ԣе㲻ʡ
Ժ˵ɣСҳҲԹȻֿԶһнˮ
Ǻ˭չˣ
ʵôҳŲڼҵʱ԰æտһ£
һ
ˮľЦЦ
ܹǲ̫ɣ
ʲôһģҲܸͬܣ֮ͬ󣬺ԼҲûʲô𣬷ԼҪʱæô
Ȼ뷨ҲԣҲԼȷʵ̫ˣʵֲǽİ취ֲӣ÷ʩΪҲá


538 ֮
ôһĻƺҲȤĸ忴ݣӡקߣֻҪ߲ϣ³⣬Ҳջİ취ӡͰ֮ǱĬӰ죬ѳֲ
ʹðִ֮ˮľ϶ȫհᣬԼеĸӦԵĵ
вʱ䣬Щ飬ҲҪ׼ˣ
õ֮֮󣬸ˮľĸܲжôİܹ᪴β޶սҲж룬ǸӱʵĶԾ־
ͬвͬķҲˣܾڲԾаĳЩȻȴ֮Чķ
ǰˮľΪʲôƾѡʹʲôȹľ񡢵Ϯ뷨ʵ̫ˡдǻ۵˲ŲῴаǴİ᪴ߣҲǶʵչ֡
з˾ӣ裬ĥǹ˶Եӹ˻Ҫ裻ӹ˻ĥνĥ룬ɸ֣ͨʵٵﶼ˼֡
ԵĶⷽĲŻˡǲҲȵȣеĿԿǻֲϤԣ裻źǲ֣źдĥб׻ʧߡˮľԼ粻С磬û̫ĶһŸԼŪӽԼôȥĻԶҲܳɳΪܶءҲΪڷĲ
ԣ֮ҪǸΪؼģǲֵܼ֮ѹѪƫִǲ̽Ū
Ի磬ЩһֻҪ;£˵ǰ棡
ˮľЦʲôأ
ˮľ˵˵ֿʼ񣬻ԵɵЦСɵˮľһ¡
ԺҪСҽ̵ʲôӣô˳صϻӰ
̫Զˣ
С캬Ц˵
ҵϣСֳܹ󣬲Ҫһս֮ˡ
ðɣҲ̽ս֮еԸˣʮͱһϯ̽ĴսСͻûֹͣʵ״ʹǶĵϣ˽һС
˵߾ǿȡ͵ְҵ̽ҪһƬг߹ƶҪȥˡ
첻̿Եһô㲻ȥִ񣿡
˵ģԶǰΣҲһ֮ѵõĴˣ񾯱ϵĲţ϶С
Ҳ˶һĻǼӵӣҲΪ룬̿ԣȫҲӦִ˵ĺ٣
һԿʼûãʲô飿мǰžˣô໵һ쵽ϮһСӣ
ҿ͵
СЩԹ
ˣһڷܹԵִ˸нˮ
ѵСһҽԺм飬йȥСӴܺ£SҲһ쵽ˮľȥͷġЩӶ࿴룬ԼָҲ൱кôġ
ֻǵһ͵ڶԣ»άתҽԺҲ࣬ˮľСҽԺĻǱȽٵģϾûзߴģ˵Ĵ£ٹõĵڶ̿ҪռһҽԱʹԵЩտ
ˮľСʱ˲š
ִˣôˣ
ˣˮľЩ飬һ£
ˮľͷȻСʾһ£ŸľҶľ鷢ص㡪ҽԺ¥
ֿ˿ԶĽֵƺЩĪĸп
֪æ֮УʲôҪң
ٹãҪȥ̿ԵڶԽˡ
ţɫƺõò˰ɣ
ĸС
а֮ΪοϻָٶȻǰоˣֻǲϸϵƫҪʱͬʱΪ΢Сı䣬Ȼĸ֪ҲһǧɣҪȫָҪʱա
Ǿͺã
ֵͷȻ˵
ˣѰͼǽ鱨һ̶ȵ鱨
ˮľûв廰Ÿּ˵
ϴˣҰľͼ˽⡮֯ڲϣˣҲһ㣬ͼֻ۵鱨ȡǵһЩܣ޷ж϶Էļֵ
ֻ۵鱨
ˮľΪȻ˵̫⣬ǲû̫мֵ鱨
̽û˱Լ˽øˣԶ


539 
°ܽҰľ֪٣᲻ὫԼҰܵ鱨ԭԭóʡ鱨ס޷֤ʵԵ鱨ֵ϶ۿۣο׶ϵĵжߡ
ˮľ˼˵úףĬԼ֪ܣҲƺϣ
Ȼ֤ҲЩҪһ͡㣬жൽŲµĵ棬ۻ˳Ծ
ô˵Ҳ̽ǿ֯䣬Ӧĵܽҷ϶ٲ˵ģ¹úɽкһǸּΪصķŶ֮еһԱ
޲ѡŲ֮תΣΪһʱ̽󲿷һӶ飬Ӣ۴˹ҲˡߣдеźֻǻЩ˶̽缸ʮųһε֮ӡǺԣ㲻ǡľ֮ӻҪšûо˿·ߵͨߵľͷĪ鱨Դһο˵ɺϣִ̫ͺܲΪÿһϸ֮ǵóһۣӦƸԤѪ޽磬˵ûɣ
ˮľ̹ȻشȻЩһҲ˶٣
Ҫ̽ԭס⴩Խ¼ѣ̹׵ĻֻȴĲʬתԼΪߡ޺ĲתĽͣҲû˻š
ԣø־ôҲУ뾫ҲͲʵ͸ֵĲ²Ҳ࣬ˮľĳǰȷԤԲıϣЧҲһޡøֺʹӸ߲ģҲֻѪ޽֮˵ˡ
̽ϡŹֵ٣Ԥ棬⻹޷ĶСתͿԿƾֲ˵Ļݣܵžͻ黯츳Ҫܶĵţܺ߹ͨŮ
ܶǿ֧ţȫ޷̽Ϊʲôô漣
ˮľЦЦһǧٿ׵磬һЩ磬һЩ߲֣漣
ֻܲΪȷЩС°ɣ
鲻Сˣ
Щź˵
˵ܱܶ౯磡
ˮľҡͷЦ
ǲܵģԤҲ޷ıģЩ²֪˾ܱܹȥģ
˵Ҳԣ
Ҳֻһ˵ˣɰϮľҶ壬ѾˣǾʹһս
ֻ۵鱨ύһݸңעⲻҪ͸¶ˣС
Щɵʵ
Ӧúֻ۽ְɣǵģǲǿˣ
鷢ڴҹҲ޷ȷˮľǲп˵ò
ǳɫͷٻɫͫסͷɫֽʹֽսŮߣӵֻ۵졢һ쳣ݵĺ췢ӣӵֻһĿϮ塣ֻ۵ľսһڱ˵ܵҰľľ֧֯ľߣľҶҲѵֵסȡʤҲʧء
Ҳֻ΢̽һ£оǶ֣Ͼͳˡ
ûʲôģսֻۣԼа֮ǰȿǽ
ûоβֳǿֻ֤Կʵڲǡ
ſֻӵˣץһβûɹǲһ֮ѹƾֻβޣǲ߼ӾͽŴβһ򾡡ҲǼ򵥵ģʽܹùġ
ðɣˮľʵŵܣӦǿףҲû룬ֻܵȿˮľϸ鱨֮ˡ
Щұܣ֮⣬Ҫκ֪Ҳ
صضˮľ
ͽ֡Ĳֵʱ򣬷Ųغ̴ɽһֱ磬ڣѾж˺ܳһʱˡȥ֣֮̽ȫš
֮ʱҪȥû塣
ˮľ
Ǹһ̲ͣĴУʩһֽ껢ֻҪвŶˮͻᱻм¼ĹܣֻҪʶ𣬲ôαװô
һľҶػ绹鷳Ҫʹ껢ôģֱ֮񼼡
ԭѹľȥһҲ޹ֱӾͱѲСӸˡ
ǻˣ
̫ĻԿĿǰʵûϣӳ


540 ߷
Ҫ㹻鱨ͼ̴ҲֻǷյ֮ʵڲһȥ
̴ܺɱЭҲãЧʣ
ڡ֯ȫչж֮ǰҪĴ̽ս̴齨ַ֯ǲܵ顣ڸܵз֮ʹ֮ǰͲһ֯жвôͱ˵ǿ̴һԻ˭ҲȥȫΧˡ֯ϣֲʵʵøӿɿȻһ㣬ַܹӼ˶ڵơ
ˮľĽ飬ֲÿɷȻǸð취ʵסľҶ塢ɰ壬᲻ͬ⻹˵һ֯ץߡһӣʮҪٻྫڱ档
β֮УΣյ̴βܽû̴ԮֵĻ֯ץǳ¡صС̴壬Ҫ˵Ȼء
⣬Ϊȶ˵״Ҳ˵ǣҲõпγ֮ǰ˭Ҳ֪ܲڶʱӵԱ
Ҵˣȷʵֹ̫ۣĸĴҰľòͷľҶѰֻȷʵܴѹ
֤̽һһĻʯ˵ʢǲ߶̫ܹȫʵѵá
ķʽһϸãҲҪ̫ģעⲻҪţ˿ɳ֮
֪ˣ
ӦԼҪŲسͻ˰ɡӰǣܼġ֯ȻӰ˥Ҳܱ̫Ųزһաؼʱ̣ϵҲǴӲɻȱҪս

ڽе̿ԣԤӦòֶٳ͵ʵҲˣۿԵʱ򻹲ԣɭֵʱչ¶˶ߣڰǰΥȻǿǰָ̬ɭֵΣճ̶ҪҪߵö࣬ѾҲ©Σա
һ̿Եڶ̭ʸߵľˣӵĻһҪأܹҲСӴͨһΪƹأòʹ˳ڸʲôģȻǲҪˣܹ⼸Ѿˡ
ľҶûвμӣҲȻľҶߵĶϷҲ̴ûвμйأľҶ̣һЩľҶƵĻ֮߼ԼһЩСֲ֯رҪĿУҲɳ̶μӿԡľҶڵ߼壬ΪĳЩԭ˳ľҶ壬ȻľҶĸҲвʵǿ֡ɭϲľҶˣ׾ȻľҶ߽ľҶҲЩṩ뱣
ľҶʮУҲֻгΪ̵¹衢κǲ˳еһЩ̫ҪְҪ飬ɽҶ֪䡢ɭϲŸ³Щɫɵġ
ΪڶԵĽϵĿ죬ʵõĺܿͱ̭ˣʣµĺܿҲʤָϵûã͵˳ǩʱˣ˼䣬ͽˡ
Ψһгľǽʱò¶Ųˡһ˵ѡߵĺʱ򣬲ŻСֿ߳졣֯ѡķΧ޿ս¶ľҶܱ¶Ժ඼ľҶӰӣӰܴ󡣵ȻżҲοǿټӵܡΨѧУ׵ľҶߣܼ롰֯ӰҲ޷̺ڰĴȾָľҶδĸ
Ųأʲô
ѵ˵ӰǰŲ׼Ӱߵ̨ǰˣҲǲܣֻôŲضܾôĵľӪȻ⵽ش죬ĸȻڣô׾䡣
ôҲǴӵԪϣӼҲְɣ
ŲȻһƽ
⣬ΪĿȻ˰ȫȨôӵİΣͲӦ⡭
˵ţصõ棬ߵġ֣߳˵߶ڵϡ
ִһµصӰõ˵
ʲô
ͽӦ壡
ŲԴǵ˵
㻹̫ģ֣
ͽô᣿ⲻľҶô֮ǰǡĳԱ
ȫ֮ɽصģʧȥ磬ҹֱִشӣûǱ˲߷Ŀô
߷
ֺɵؿЩ


541 Ǩ
ŲһߵԽڶӦǰ߰ʱԱɽз硣
ɽзץסһ˵ԴʩչƬ֮ӷ˵һѻܣ߿Ѫ
˰ɣԴˣݲκʴ֮ģпɹߣǰҲҪϸһЩӣʵ̫ʧˡ
ɫŭΪ䣬Ŀ֮±ɣɲǸ
УҲ뵽ˮľǰ͸¶ֻӵеľΣ
ҷŵһߣȿϸ鱨֮ؼǰľ桭
ֱڻӰܲӣʲôֻΪĿҿԴãʲôʱҪеˣ
ȻΪ鲻©ҲȾָӰȨɡ
ŲùĹߣֶֻҲԶŲᣬ˿Ҳпܵġ
һִǴ߳ȥģȻ⣬㴦ˣҲֻΪѰæˡһϹͷҪΪЩģڵʱϷûô
ͰϺˣһ㣬ؼˣҪ飡
ҪãȻ˶¡
˵꣬־ŲشżʩʩȻ뿪ɫݵػʾ⼸ǰɵڵϵץ
ϲã⣬֪ͨɽкһЭĵóۣ
飬ǵһνΪӰĸŲΪ׵ǰǵìܵһչ¶ڴ֮ͥ¡
ûϣ֮СϢʹˮľ
ͼıӰô
ˮľĲɵһ̾ŲػǸ磬ȻԲȷʵлӰ֮š
ֻڵʱòֳʲôŸɣԳնǸѵõţʵиɻ
ĴĿˮȻЩᣬ޵ı飬Ҳɶҡλá
սֵĿڣЩ飬ƺǰȻˣӦÿĿŵһ
οĸ˾еƽ⣬ȻĳЩ˲ȸ̵ֲֳĲĻŲδûлᣬУˮһȣô⣬Ը𱬵תС˵ת֧Ųء
˵ӰȨϣҲδˡ
ľҶЭӰʽĲţһ飬ĿǰǾ쵼ӵи³ƾʹֱӰ
һžһɵ¸صĳϵιʣЭӰߡΪЭĹϵҪְȨֹӰĴΪҪʱ֯ϻлӰְȨѡλӰ
ĿǰʵľתСˮס˾Բû¿ɸһ쵽ӰҲ磬ƶȸȨġȻ־Ųء֯ǣǾǸǷ֯
ʺͳְȨҪڵʱ򣬹ʵķȨСֵĿӰʱ㣬λʵĻȨȻһ˳ıȻ¼
ŲҪϻӰֻҪû;Ʋȥ
ƺϼһʶһζضĽ浱ôҲܵϻӰԾ͸ıˣܿϧûʱӪˡ
вʱ䣬֯ҪʼģжʱܹסͲˣлŲλԲô˵˶ûյϼһ
ǳЦһ뵱ϻӰ֤ԼľҶİ빱׵ļһжδܹҲֻʱ˲ðˣʱѾȥˣ

Ȥؿˮľṩġ֯ϡ
ϸ鱨ϸµ˵ˣжϴʵôǺĵĺ󱲣
ϸôѵ˵ģ
ҩʦ׵ǶôҪľϢȻ֪е塣
ģǵڣ
ζһЦ
ˮľʮ˽ҵΪˣҪʲô͸ʲôõĻҪ࣡
ô
ͬоߣҩʦϾûдﵽһĳ̶ȣ׼ȷ׷
һֿ԰ɣĺܶණܵȵ˾֪֮ǰҶܵõϢڣȴ֪ˣ֮һһ̽һʲôӦ
辭һЩĳɹĳЩȤˣȻ۲䷴ӦˮľϵĻ֮ӡôġ
Ǽǳˣû뵽Ҳһᱻ󣡡
һȷϣˮľһȷʵǸͬࡣ
ݺҽˣԸȷʵܸȤ


542 
é®ľҶΪ͡ɽضսųҲϤչ˵ӡšСϺȻǼġ
롰֯Ĵ貢ûκȻΪϮǲʧܶ˳֯ǶԸصֻδûк֮ġ
ΪСʱòȻ˺ܴͬȻżƣͬ鳤ӵֻǿȷϵ顣ȻֻǰһЩ϶еġֻΪ˳ֻ֯۵ȤҲòáڡ֯Գˣô˽鱨˳ƻȡһЩҲӦ֮⣬ֻû뵽õĶԶԼ
ֺöдۻҪʵã⻹ݣǲѪ޽磡
ֻۺͲд۸ƣֻʤǿʵԸãͲд۸ָ棬Ͳ֮ȷʵ鴫߸ǧͬע

ΪʹľҶ壬ѾǶʱڵڶˣ̿Դӻȥûãû뵽ٴľҶ彻棬ѾϰľҶе˶ԼķܡһδĿӰҰľУûʲôɹȥʵǲýé®ĺͳûҪЭӰѹҵ֡
ոͼ͵ϴȡϵ֣ܲܵõһЩ鱨û뵽ûԸϴˡ
ΪӰĵӣһȱӰ֮λǿߣˣڴ󲿷ĿĪǿߣôˣʵ̫ͬʿˡ
֪Ӱʲôʱп鱨ˣ
һֱ¹øӴΪԼľҶˣѾǺܸˡ
̿ڼ̫࣬Ҷæ£
æģ˵ҪµڣֻҪ̸Ҫ̽һ£ԷĳҲǱġ
ȷʵ֣ܳҲ޻˵ֻľҶи̬ȣЩ
֪ˮľǷڴ̵ϴЩҲ뵱һϴûʲôˮľź
Щ๧άĻ¹Ҳöˣ֮ǰˮľҲк˫ûʲô˼˵ʲôĽ֮Ļֻ֤ˮľִ˲١
аĹóĿŵȻˮľˡȫǡɱսⲿӡжءΪһҪʧܵı²ڵһʱɱԼ壬Ա֤ûκ鱨й¶ˣҲܸ˽ⷢӵĽڣԣһ㰵϶һɱߡ
غжϢƱزܹܹó˵ģȻֻˮľˡ
ɱϴһ֯ǿߣ˴裬սȷʵе㺧ţɱս֮ɱֻɰĳɰ֮Ы𺳶ˡ
ϴһ֮͸Ӳˣʮ꣬ɱʦĿӰԳն
̽ÿһγ̶ֳȵϢȻǴ÷з÷ʽĪڲű˵һ֪
ȻҲ벻ּľҶĿġмƻǿߵľҶ壬ȻŵһɲĹ֮ͽ
Ȼˮֺܶ࣬ҲܹϤеࡣм֪ϴѾ˱˭֪սãһըĨȥкۼ֮һĴȻὫԼİ̴ҲûȤ֪ǲ;͸ĵˣ˵֪ˮľȷʵ
ȻҶôãȻͱ˵ˮľҵ̽缸ʮ꣬ҵֶζѾܴˣһսֻҪƣҲԴʮ룬ȻϵǰΣУټЩٱͿˮľ˳ۣԺôҲ߲һ·ȥˡ
ˮľ̼·æݼ٣ݲЩ鲻ôš
ˮľúƤҲὫ½㴦
ңҲеԥĳ϶ǲôˣؼʽΪҪҪóʲôЭ飬Ǹ⣬ƺʱûҪ帶ġ
ײԵȣ˵ϵƣӶ񻯡
ǻźԭΪлһĵģ
¹ЦЦûж˵ʲôСֻ
ദԸǼΪͬģֻ鱨ķΧе飬ϣ˫óĳ⣬ܱȽϺã
⣿
һݣ⻰˼ƺǶĳЩ⣡


543 ѭ
ųľҶ̫̰أȻṩֻ鱨Ȥô֤ľҶȻ˸Ϊ꾡ϣҪЩ١˲ֲ²İƷͻʹ彻ļֵۿۡ
ͬʱһ˲Ĳ²⣬ȻľҶֻ۽һϣȻսԤƣʹӲ֤ľҶ鱨Զ塣
ԣ˳Ҵϴʹ裬ȻɵԤ֮евô
ǰľҶѰӲʵؾܾƺˣĻҲôصʧ
֮£ȡñҪ鱨Ĵ۾ҪԶԶԤˡ
ǹִ˵˼ô
¹ûشЩܵ˵
ǶкôҪ˫ó㹻ĳУϾľҶ岢Ǻܺá
ˣһὫ˼ӦӰˣ
ǾḻߣЩǱ̨ʻöġ
ˣҪڹ߶һʱˣ
ӭ֮
ĴӥһһҲҪʱ䣬Ҫӻʲô⣬˷ѵʱ͸ˡ
ʱ䣬ÿԴ̽һ¶ԷʵľҶȻǿδһ飬ǰ̿ϵȻûֵ÷зҲһЩֻƬﴫĶ

ͻҲԤ֮УҪûдͲľҹ⵵飬ˮľ˵Ͱͽ壬ڵڰ˰Լѧµ㹦ٴţ׳׳ƣȸݣپһ»ӰλãҲջСˮľҲֻܶЩп޵Ȼ֮ˡ
ˮľʵڿѾͨһӶԴﵽĳ̶ˡǵͲд۲Ǹǲ˶ܺнβ޵ˣŪֻ۳֣ˮľҲֻйķݡ
⻹һ£ռ以ûʲô˲ûݺݣ֪ĹʵץϹˮľҲ뱻ǲߵȫܺ롣
ЩһôֿܻԾ˵սʵڡ
ɸ¥ƽûͶ̥ǲ壬Ҳûаۣʵʵϰһ»ȽϺá
ͱȰֲԵʱ仯ϰãþָڼ䣬ʵĶУҲڶ
ڽеķԲʱ仯ΪмֳɵϰİҪܶࡣ
Ȼͬ˶Բʱ仯Ҳδȫһԣ󲿷ΪսߺܶҲΪءˮľĻΪ£ͨݵǲȴϲΪȼաȻЩͬС죬ǱֳЧȴв𡣹ᵽѪ޽ʱв죬۶ݣеıΪһеļңеıΪпṦܵĸ»ɽңɵġ
ֳɵĶЧȷʵһ
ˮľѾϳصϸҶ֣ȻվڵϵӰͻȻʧһҶ
ˣϵĿ졣
תͷ˿ԶĵӴҰӣϰݡ
ˮľ˹ȥСӣάһпСȻһӣǳɫԲп棬һĻ۳֡
ǿȻУעĻסˣûжô
СӣϰˮľֶСӣһݽ硪ޡеĴӴɷסľҶ̡ҿձߵĲһݺͽۺ϶ɵĸѶȲ󣬵ǿе鷳ɷǸͲóеɫֻʩչȮڣδƣʵǶۡ
ƺʵһǿȣˮľٴλ֣һȥݽʱһ󶴡
Ȼûʲôá
ҪûиõĽӡĻ޵Ҳǲѡֻ۹Ѿ˵ˮľҲʹֲرǿݽˣҲղеֵˮľѾȫˡ
ʦѾϢˣ
ݽ飬ƵСӣҲ۵ͣϰݽ磬Ҳֻˮľβ޲ϰ֮࣬мĵʱ䣬̫ʱĽӴβ޲ҪϢһ£Ȼ˵塣
СӣУʦ˵ڶԼУȴԼʩΪԼȴ㵽һԱĿ񣬰ˮľȻԵõؼһƬҶȥҲ֪ڸʲôżҶһЩŪһӰһ͵
ɻСӣȥϰҲĿŵѯɡ


544 
ˮľǲôݽģ˵ĻΪһеǺܲģֻǺܿϧˮľѾ˸õĽԺˮľҪԵĵˣǼޣҲ̫ܶá
Сӣ˵вСļֵģûֳǿ߹㡢׶ǿͻƣһ߻ǺѴƽġ
ȻˮľصϰáݽõٺãҲɲǿߣʹһΪһҲ
ˮľûнСӣɻ󣬶ǹ۲һϰƵ˫֡
쵽Ϊֹɣ
ܲһͣҪһܵļޡ
ֺɫĿϰͣ죬л
ѧϰβ޲ƣֻΪ֤ǿСӣսò̫ż
ͣ
ÿһʱ䣬ˮľƵҪ󣬶СӣԼ˫ѾЩľʹʱͣȻתͷӡѧϰ֮С
ܸоЩкѣʦôѿƵĲôʩչ
β޲ɲԲٿأʮΣգ鷳Ķһ߶ǱܶԶ֮
һֲܹԵʱӦþͿˡ
Ȼֶ˵ˣ˵֮⣬ĲΪܸˣ˶Ϊõ˼·ͨõģȻҲȻ
ʵ⣬Сӣû취ʹȻģ̽˸Ż֮⣬󲿷඼ˣǿ͹ʵˮľҲûʲô̫õİ취ơ
β޲˵ȻĿܡ
ͨ־ֵ󣬵ͨľۺϣױȵ˷ӡ;Ŵβġ
ΣյȻһˮļΣմӵĻ԰ǿģʽҪﵽ˰ԼûȫغɴӵģʾС壬롣
β޲һССһߵĸȵǿߣ˳ҡҡλεĸŴﵽ˰쳣Σգո˵ǿߣһʱϰƽɹӦⲻ
ˮľУ˼ƻеʹβ޵뷽β޺ƽӦѽ
ȫʼ˾ͿԵȨϰԼ׳մﵽ׶ʹȻĳ̶ȡ
Ҳδ֪ķգʵֵĹؼˮľҲûиõĲٿβ޲Ǳģβ޲òˣ˵ӴΣյȻˡ
βֻһ÷ʽˮľ˼еһ
֡һ޵뷨Ⱥ֮еĴˣƹֶҲͬС졣
һͨʶɢΪý鹹磬ͨĴԼӳɣûʵߵùļʵȼķ
һྫļ־ͬ㻹Ǻܶġ
ƵʹõķͽȻҲ̫࣬ͿԵĸαˡ
βص̫ˣˮľôҲ벻βȫȷʹβ޲ԼΪ첻óԣһûǸԣҲԼĵСӣܲһ·ˡӵŶĸоȷʵܡ
ⲻˮľ˼룬Լߣǰе񻰴˵ǱȻģʱõģرʱ䲢Ǻܳԣʱ
Ųʵϰоô
ŲʽƺӦǰŰ࣬ɭϲ쵼ʲͬʱѶȻȨδôһӰṩ鱨Լѯıܲš
СӣܺðϦպʦչңо
ģڰ칫ﲻʺ㡣
֪ˣ
ָͨսܵҽ߼ټȫ浽̶ֳȵߣṆ̀Ҳֻսֵ̼͡
СӣЩԥ̹׵ϦպʦʦҵǸϷ˯ܸȤѵ˵ʲô𣿡
İɣ
ˮľڰִ
ԼʹҪˣעⲻҪʹã
֪Ϸ˯Щ߰Ĳ־ʲôҪǰġָŪ˿ɾ鷳ˡ
˵ˡȥһִὨġ־ʱڽʵϰ㣬ȥҽƼȰʬ崦һʱ䣬㣡
Сӣдﵽһ̶֮ǰʱҪԼտЩʱͲҪԼ°źˡ


545 Լ
ˮľɫЩӵؿǰꡣ
ԴڡŨ룬˰ɣ
̿һ¹þ½̡
ˮľϣ̿Խ֮󣬾Ȼĸ˱Ϊ̣ʵ˴۾ˮľ̿ԵĿõ̬ȽȻͬ
һ˱ҽƲ֮⣬ϸȫˮľˡ
ǣ
һŮæش
СһΨΨŵŵ̬ȣˮľҲ̾һ־֪Щ˶ûʲô̵ƽߣͰѧϰ˵ĽȻ̾ǵļˣڴ׼õһְλǵδ
⼸½̵ˮƽܻȲȮڣҲ˵˲ͬĹ켣ˡ
츳ߣҪ㹻ľȵʵʱЩһ۾ͿõͷߣûбҪ̫ˣᣬ˵иļ̶̳Ҳֻ˷ʱ䡣
־ҰǾͽˣϤΣͬˣעչһ£
ף
ôõ쵼ЩеģԼôôѼų
˶ȥ֮ˮľԼ°͡
ѵν֮ò
ʱϢѾעϢˡ
ȻҲֻǵ٩ѣ뻹ԼӳְãڵȨ壬ԼãܲпԼһ仰͸ıǵΪ̴ʦҲһ仰̴ѧУôıŵսսҲпԭ
Щ£ˮľ߳˾¥
ݷԼʱҪˡ޵չѾܾˣ뷨ˮľԼԸҪһγ̸ȷ֮Ĺϵ

ͥԺˮľУŨص֮УһֹӵġʦȻζŴĻۣϸ֦ĩڵ⾳У͸һֲȻС
ҶͰľϸɽʯɰȴӾϵãҲʹھϵõϢ
ɵΧˮľĸ֪УɢһйɵĲ岼õĽڷá
ͥԺ鲼ʯƵøɾࡣϵİ߲֮У޲ʾЩԲ֤˥׺ɣ
µĿɽˮʾŴ׷ڳϦ̽磬ܹ˴ȷʵܿɹ
Ϊ¹СƷͲϲˮ֮Ȼ´Ͳ֮еˮȻͷظԭƽ⣬βײʯϷԵòͤľ
ʯˮˮľȡˮϴɾȥĻ֮ͥˮѾ׼׵
ˮḷ̌Ŀǰ״⣿
Կ֮㿪ʼ̽ˮľ⡣
Ҳ˵⣡
ˮľҲûзܡ
ʱ֮ڣһڴʲôأ
ˮľߵһڴȷʵûһˡʵϣʱû̫еҪְ߸ǿпޡ
ûмƽߣûддȻͳԣٸߵְλҲû취仯ʵʵڵӰ
Ŀǰˮľģǵȴˡ
ڻӰ֮λˮľѶȣܱŲػҪ
ʱƣ˵̬ƿܻתŲٳ״ٺãҲ޷֤ӵαһֵ׳߿ɿ̣ŲѾûһȴиĿԡ
ҵѾҵ˼ˮľˣ֪ˮľ̵оǷиһջ񣿡
ʵĻչ޼
ˮľźҡҡͷ
ֻ֤ȷʵһܹƾͻӡջ񡣡
Ѿ֪ˡ
Щʧ
ݼļأҲйƵĲ²⣬ֻǡ
ЩΪ顣
ǧûһּ˴׳٣ңĻδǺ£

ĵҲδûеڼţɶûУôܶԼĴоž֮Լ츳ƽ֮ôٶڼƴӣʵǲڼҾͲˡ
ҲûΪʲôҪ岢еԹޣһ񲻺ÿƣҰҲʹʧô
ۺϿ֮£ԸҲȥͻƸĺôȻȻǧĴͳ
ûɱΪһŵ壬òͨ߼һЩЭά㹻ŽԱͳ˼ΪҪһ顣
ѵ˵ˮľûκ뷨ô֧֣ΪӰϣǺܴģʱҲü
˳ʷ϶һһϦ飬ʵʩȻȵĴ£жͼƾĻӰλȻ顣¹һ㣬ľܺʣһûûʲô顣
ȥûʲǫ̂ˮľʣ˫ȡ裬˵ӦòŶԣû뵽ˮľֵòǺġ
峤˶ҵİһǿģҪĵطұȻᶦ
ˣ
仰еˣˮľûȫֻܾǶļе㲻ͬ
ܹ֪ԵɣЩ飬ʵ벻ͨЦˡ
ˮľЦЦָ˵
ľҶλӰĴĿˮ֮⣬ȫսͼǰ֣̫ʵˡ
ս
һݣȻɴ۾
ԭˣˮľѾбȽ׼ȷϢˡˣлˣ
˵ִľҶʱ䣬Ҳʮֻ꣬Ӱλÿ϶Ҫôʱ䣬߰һ߸»ʱ䣬ȻˮľΪսԵʷ飬ôսʱȻֻ꣬һꡣ
̽ʱ䲨ܵʱĲ̫ˡ
Ȼȹս壬սֻǶԱԵɺ͹ģܰղ׼ΣվõģҪȻҲͼӰľҶ֡
ȫԸĻһСսҪǿս׼ܼ಻Ҫʧ
ˮľϢͨߵѣɳһ֡
ˣ
ˮľһŨ裬Ȼת˵
񣬿²Ϊ翵Σհɣ
Ҫ˵ΪˮľһЩûеõ֤ʵĽͷǧĴͳô̫Ϸһ㡣
ô
ҲףҪס֪֮һˮľʵеѡ
ˮľ̵Ĳ²⣬̽ҲǺ޽չϸоϵļ֮һЩ֤
ԭˣ
ӦǲԴͲľ˿
ԭݣһ˵ǣÿϵļ壬ݵԴͷʱһЩٵ񻰹£Ҳ⣬ǺܿϧǣǾĳЩ֮̽󣬷ЩּпʵģڵضеüĿˣҼǺˮľǸµĲ²⡣
ӦǷ屣ͨͨµʵԣԲôżŽİ취
Ļ峤Ƿ
ҵ˵˵ڣĵĻɱҲпܵ뷨
ҡҡͷ
Էתۣʵ϶Ƕ֡ûбҪȥǿУͻᱻǿĵҲ塣˵ôǿĵˣѾˣľҶ塢̽ҪԵѡ
ðɣѾõֻǰǲ޴ûȥͱͲľѡ
֮٣
Ҳͷ
ǰŵ鱨ȡ۵Ľףʱ޷ˣˮľиĹڰۡתۻֻ۵оɹǿԼֳŵ
͵仰ˣˮľ֣صóһᣬݸ㡣
˹Ŀ뿴֮٣
ӹԺ󣬴ؿɫȴԽԽ࣬Ŷĺǿѹסеľ
֮󣬿鱨Ĭؽջ٣Ȼ۾˼ˮľҲûдߴ٣ĵصĻӦ
ˮľеĲˮ׵ʱͻȻ۾˵
˾ȣû뵽ˮľϾȻоɹ
ɣ
Ȼ
ЦŴ
дֻۡۡԴһԴͷô˼û뵽ȻĽ
Щ飬ֻûܹ뵽һ𣬵ֻҪٽϼǧ۵ϣһվ֪١
Ȼ岢ûͼӰĺôϿЩоۣ
óһĵܱԼƿ

߳ˮľһһֻ۵֣Ǻ֮佻׵һ׶ܽᡣ
۵սˮľأԲĹ۲졢Լβ޲׼ȷٰǰ´ɵԴЧ̫ˡ


546 ·
ľҶЭ黹ǴˣˮľǺƺֲûͼӴҰľ̫ô֮ĺҲֻǳֹǿͣ鱨׵ĳ̶ȡжڵĻõȡҪٴ򽻵ĴһӶܲʵ
̴֮Ĺϵںͻ̴巴ʮĺƽó֮ĸ̴嶼սǱвٶϮʱսȻ飬˭ҲȷԼܵǷܹ
ľҶ壬ڿһƬӸִ߽֪ľҶҲҪսˡ
ĿǰһЩС£Ҳ鷳ˮľˡָһȮڣ̵ҽ۲촺ҰӣнȣҪľǵŮˡ
Ϊˡһкӵĸо̫ݡѾϰ˵ͻȻһҪչ˵СӣܻıԼԭеʽӵٵ֮ңһʱ䣬Щı仯һʱҴĽȸС
ŮûгѾʱʱˡ
Ȼ֪Ҫ˻ʲôܣˮľԼû˵ûʧ˵ԼѾ׼ʵҲô£˷ܵô󺰴вˮľķе
ˮľдģСԼҪ񵭡ƺʶлеŮƢŭʲôģСûκסƣϢʱԳ֮⣬ûκβñ仯ԣˮľϾҲܷĳתת
Ǻܲ
Ϊ죬ѵۻᣬ˵С֮Ϊɷ游׵¹ǰ󱲵Ŀ˵
Ҫ֪㰡ô
С˵ĿԼϣĺףЩεش˵Ҳ̫ˮľҿҫ
ڵǰͻݲͻݣֱĶ⡣
˰ɣ
¹ˮľļ
ԺҪ̽ӵľ飬㻹Ҫǰѧϰ
ô
һ¹ôԼˮľֹס鶯̿ԽԼ֪ȾƵĴ壬Я󱲣ͬΪ¹һԱɽкһôҲΪɽоҰβġ
֮ĲҲʵ̫ˣ
һ뵽ԼԺҲģˮľͷͿղѡ
Ҿһᣬò̫ż
㲻ˣˮľŮߣʲմߣ
Ƿǳͬ¹õĻԥذˮľ߳ͬӪ
ѵõĵ٩ˮľҲˣЦ˵ļһ²뵽ԼܻܿҪöɣ
г֮¹Ҳת⡣
ʱ䣬Ҳˣװ
ͷʼһŵѶжֻõǣ浽дӴ
ְȨ͹Χʵ̫ˣ漰ķǳ࣬Ŀǰ˵ľҶӴһˡ
ҪˮľСӵ岼֣ˮľ쵼ĵһСе⣬ֲԭġʵϣԴСӵΪǸɣƽԼ½УȻӢȲϰҲѷɫ־Ų쵼ġ֯ʵѾԶԶǣ˵¹ֱ쵼ľҶ峣Ĵ롣
ߴְ֯㲻ǿл²ֺ;²ţھľҶµ
ɴ˿ǲǶôǿûȫϵµ֧֣ҲԲߣе߸ӣԲǺްյı֮١
һǶ˵ɰʵľҶƻʱôһָͳһ֯һǰӵĴ˾Բôء
Աľˮľ̫񣬼ӳֶӳͬʱŸԼ档
ѵʱ򰡣
ô˵ҲǹӦɣ
һ˲ٶ¶Ĳ˵
ҲƽȽ׶ˣҶŬ
Ϊļ֪ĸ߼ߣˮľҲ˵ͼ¹ñ񲿡ԴƽλϵȨ黹ıУֻ˵
澯ְģܾܿľˮľʱְţһǵ밵ζӳ쵼һİɱСӣרŴΣյԼɱָˡûв˵ɻӰΣСӶֱڸ֡
һֿܾǽξ
ְλǺܴ󣬾ְҲڲв׷ֻͨ͵͵İɱǹ׷ԡ


547 ʢ
⣬ˮľĵصŮĳ
̽ҽˮ׼Ȼһ㣬вҽڣߵҲԶͨˣʹʵΣԲߡ
ǿ϶ģˮľҲûеѰĵز
ȫб֤ʹҲġڸյСǰ¶̬֮϶ʹ֮Ǵˮľ档
ˮľǰõģһᰲȻģ
ľҶҽԺѾ֪һߴ̽Ķһ߻ͷˮľ״
һûеҪСһﰲοĵز
ˮľЩԳЦЦ
͵ˣ㻹йģϽȥæɣСľǰѵ⣡
ûϵѾС˵ˣǻεģ
һ飬ȫԼڿɳܵ͵
ȫûϵĺðɣ
ˮľƲƲ죬֪һĶϢƽȣӦûʲô⡣
ǰֵļһˮľűߵĳվſڰְš
ˮľǰҸ˵ôãûмʲôģÿȥ˸ϳˡ
ⲻǷϻô˻һС͵͵ܽȥιۣ
ճĺҲεġ
ţСŮˣһˮľƺˮľѯʡ
ߴߴ˵˰죬ˮľҲôˣпȵĴ߱Ŀ񡣻ԣֻҪܶ˶Կ
ˮľǰһ㶼𣿡
˵ϲŭ֣һҪдϣ
ң˵ˣС
ǱʾֿʼԾ˲ƺҪ͸΢Ĵһ
Ƭ֮󣬾Ҫһ߶ʱˮľͻȻһţһӤ
Ҫϸݲ⽹ȴĸӳϢʱģˮľԺܸεĸߴҡɶҲû룬һƬհס
ӻʿнӹ٣һͮͮСˮľСͷһСƬϡͷ˫۽աϵƤֳЩ΢͸ӣƤϸ緢˿ɫѪܶܿǶͷͲϸԣ˫ֽճȭˮľָСĵĲ˲ƺС
ƤͰͣϵƺЩŹ֣Ҫһ仰ܽĻ
ó󣡡
ȫ֪մӽݵˮгӴСӤʲôӵˮľ뵱ȻΪǰӰϿľ࣬һճɴ۾ŸĸɵЦױĺӾʵʵ״ˮľһ
ǰճСӶӵģͺˡ
һԼмӵСŮҲؿԼˮľҲеΡ
ô
ʵôľ͸һֲԣҪϵѧϰԼðɣ϶Ƿϻˮľ뷨ǣԺ֪ľٶ죬öۣ

֮ˮľŴźӼС˵ӦþҪӴ̫ˣһʱܹ֮һûбҪôˡ
ɫͷ㣡
С˼۸ճСҡ
ֹͷͫɫҲң
Ů̳ˮľĻҪһ㣬ϾģʽǿʹԼŴϢռǱȻġ
沿ٻǱȽĸףϸСˮľӲ
ȻˮľòҲһʱҲһ˲ţɫʽš
ǣһЦűʱ򣬾¶˷ɵĿĶͷüǣзһ޼ɵŵĴ죬ôôˡ
кòҲΪǺ£һŮӾͲ̫ˣˮľɲ뽫Скڻʡ
һԵΪؿ˯Сҡ
֣ȻûôأճĺҪ١
˯˵Ȼ֣
۾ĺӣ˿֪ǲţһ˶Ƕˡ
ճ˺ӣһд󲿷ʱ䶼˯
ˮľĸ֪УӵƽȣûʲôԵĵط
ӳˣȻһϲ£ˮľҲڿǣҪҪһǮֶܹǲӶġֻǣ̽ƺûٴĴͳǮҲ͵òƺеѰ죬ֻʱá
ˮľϤļ֮󣬲СŮûʲô⣬ʣµľֻԼӵˡ
ȥɣ
ʰ֮ˮľŲߵϵһߡ
Ͻȥ°̽Ҳ١
˵꣬ˮľŮȻʧڲٴγֵʱѾ˼еҡ
ʲôûеҽԺм


548 Ѫ
ͻȻһ˵ĸоһʱ˵
˵ˮľϵСҲǵһҴҲˮľһ͵ġǲһǸ꣬ʵҲֻһ⵮Ĳ
СҲһǱڴϣҲˮľСôĭĸĽᾧ
ʱˮľҲǰʱϵϣС·ѣȻСпյʱ;ؿŲϱ̻ʵؽʳģĵص˿롢Ӽɵһ졣
Ů֮飬ɱҪǿҶˣӲͬڳİߣԼ־ͺۼ죬ҲԼõ
пյʱˮľͻῴСһۣ˯ˣſĺԿǼⶼ΢΢Ĳ
֮Ƥе콥ȥ˽İɫ
û۾СӶ粢û̫ķӦ˯еˡ
չСһҪϸĵĹʮֲסҷǳˡСзæȻĻǼ˲ˮľڵʱ򣬿Լһȷʵǳࡣ
Ϊߵˮľܲһ쵽ϢҲֻܿСάˡ
ľҶҲֻһȽϴСиʲôҳ̵ģϢҲúܿ졣ˮľ˸ŮϢûʱ䣬֪Ļ϶֪ˡ
ǰΪͣһʱ֮󣬽Ҳʼ˰ݷˡ
ȻӵľƿʼƽΪߣһЩҪæµԴ඼ڰҶпյʱ򴮸ʲôģҪӴǵ֮űȽϺá
ڵˮľǿҲľҶ˰ɣȻճཻɣżҲҪˢһˢڸеġڴСʶ˴ˮľкһԼµļһȻﲻһôˮľҲ¶ĵЦˮľôҲǴִߣܲŸԼҲڲŶԡ
ʱ䣬Ҳ֪ˮľϲǧǹż㣬Ҳһֻ۱һֻۡ
һ֮ܶ󣬺С۾ʼӴˡ
Сӵ۾񾭹ûзȫʵǸͿʲôģڳõӤУһжɫʰ쵡½ľֻǶԹķӦرУһЩ֮䶺ŪĶͷ춼ĵЦ
ڿöˣ
һЩֵĵطʧˣ˻һЩӤཱུ׸Щɿ֮⣬Ѿܹü۵ģˡ
۾ȻˣǺеͰ
ȻЦúо񣬵ͶԸϽ࣬СЩɻ
İɣٴһͺˣ
ָһµӤķӦжǿʵˡ
죬÷һ㡢ϰҹӡ
۵˫ۻ̫ܲǿҵĹߣҪӦ

ʵңõѾһʱ䣬ˮľҲѾ˲ٵо׼ˡ
ԭּ˵Ŀ¡壬˵ҲܹۣϾѪ޽翪ѶȲǺܴ
ֻٶĿ¡ǲ廹˵߻İǲʲôҲ֪ǴŪֵıȽϿס
е鷳ֱֲǱ廹Ƿʣ
ҲͲµĽƵĲ첻ľֲд۵ı׶ˡİ۲òӡά֡ϸͷӡѹͲд۵־Ųءбֻĥĳţȫ֤ˣֲѪ޽ʹǶôΣյһ顣
۱ûʲôֽţʹеѾ
ۣȻܴ󣬵ʹõĽˮľҪֲ֪ʲô
ȱоҪķӡҪôʹðۡ
ˮľĽףܱܾ;Ҫй¶ܹõһֻۣ׸ʲôԴĬΪˮľš
鷳һ㣬û֤ģϵĳϸʴ൱ǿ󣬶ٵųҲþˣԼãҪôϸıܴ췴Ӧ
һСģܵİ۾ͻᱻ̵Ҷʣ£ǿɾͿˡ
ΪʲôˮľԼֲһЩѪ޽˵ϸյĿԣΪʵûа취̫ǿϸ˺ǿĻָͿԵȵȺôȴҲһЩԣˮľҲò϶Խ
ǲҪðѪ޽磬ֻΪʱð۵Ĺ۲ԣҲûеİ취


549 
ˮľ˱֮⣬һ߸¡壬õֻһһֱˮľ档
ڿտҲǣѾ˴ʱ䣬һֱΪˮľ·׼ģϸҲûֲ״ˮľĲΪУʱʹðӦò
⣬ѾǼʵܹʵеˣҪˮľС
ռƻԼ飬ѡǽɣȿʱȫʹð۵ķ̽ôַӰۼֵ
дֻۡϵ֮⣬ҲһֱͨյĿׯű;𽥱ûеٽЩѪ޽Ӷ
̽ʺԼĵ·ֹͣҲҪһʧܵĿԡܽеϣڶβ޵оͻͽ棬¶޷⣬ʱҪ֤Լз
ڰ۵Ĺ۲дνĶƫڶ̬ԤУƻȰۻǲ˵㡣۵ڣߵȼѪ޽֮ǰǿܿ͸ȴûƽ
ˮľʱصģҲֻǰ۵ĳǿ۲ѡ

ˮľı壬ʱûй˼Щ飬յ֮Ҳֻʵȷȣˮľ徫״̬ԡ
ĿǰСӣϰβ޲ж𲽽׶Σûй۲ļֵ
Щ鼱ҲҲֻܰͰʱ䣬ϵķãˮľо൱ݽϲе÷ʽԼ̫żˣ˵ɣ̫ƣ۶ϵķա
ϲŭֵĸ־ԾϵĺôȷʵԶ׼ѹֺܶϲȥ̽۽磬һ˾кܴôġ
ĿǰˮľҪ飬ȴе¡һϸ̰˵
գ㲻֪Ǿ仹ǾȣǶ˻ǲֻҪͻҪеӦֶһæ֮У˾ʮֽꡢֲòʵʵõĸоһѾ
ˮľɫЩ㲣Ǿƺ
Ӱ칫ңˮľѾһʱûˣһֱڴ¡ȥˮľЩҲȷʵû̫鷳Լ
죬˻ôһǰ븳״̬̣Ѻͽˮľ˹
аɣȷʵܰݣ
Ϊ˸ĸߣǱȵ߲ĵĶ࣬ȻûҲ٣ܹ⡣
ָòˣЩ飬ͱճˡ
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һʱͽ˺͵ºеһЩ򣡡
ˮľ·һ£üͷ
ڼӿٶȶ֣в֯ճԱǡ֯жɣ
˸ľҶ鱨Առ鱨вϢҲġ
ЩǶµõ
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ж֣˵ǮĳЩռЩԴ̫ӴҲòĿ⣬ЩճԱؼһĳЩΧ֯ӣǽţҲɡ
S̱ɱ̴֮һҲǲСʧˣǿ̼˵ӵԡ
ʵô
˺ĳԱɱ֮⣬Щɵĸ̴ҲڲĳЩ֯жЩ֯Χʧ
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ô˵ܷβܣУӴԿĴȣͬʱҲʱ򿨿֪ͨжţ
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׼ս֮ǰмЩǽͷݣҪôձ࣬ҪôɵԲܳΪ˵ûʲôʵˮļһǽɣҲ̫ˡϯ̽˳٣˭Ҳ
Ҳǽһʱĳ񣬳ʱ̣ܲˮľжȻҲ̫˷ʱ䡣ͷˣҪսӦþǾĶӳԼֶӳӦò̫࣬ԾӢսΪΣӦòǺܴСӵսֻҪ̴ӰԼֻۣܺӦÿ󲿷ַ
⣬һС飬пܵĻʬشӻ߾͵٣
ҲʹԤ֮ľô
ǰɡˮľ϶صͷ
Խǿߵʬ壬Խ⣬úôĻҪôɻתĶҪôͱ˰׾ŵزġ


550 İ·
һҪ̽ĸң֮ǰʱ򣬴֮Ǳԡ񡱳ƺŵɽض޷ȫѹڴСС֯Դӳɱء׿֮֮󣬾Ҳûжܹ˽֮ϸˡ
ڼΪĳšԼʹݵСϣֶѵĹȵʵ֧ߡ
ǿ쵼ߣȷʵӻлָ򡣲ȫ˼֮µĹȣľõжãҲáϾ֮ӲϵˮͻϾܹԸĿԡΨһǰõĵطǣٵ޴ڵսɱ¾ˡԴս֮е˵ܹһ㣬ѾǶѵõĶˣԣԳźСνʹͳΣ󲿷֮˻ǱȽͬġ
֮룬פһʮ׸ߵһͷƺǶ̰չ¶
ھϣڵ׺۵ˮиÿһĲ仯ˮ˳ճɹ£ƺҲûκζܵ˼
һƬɫֽƬƮˮٷ˹ȻۼһΣСϵֽȻߡ
ǲ߳ˣ
Сϵ˵һźƺͬŻôġ
ļһ϶ǲߡ
ĮȻػӦ
ϴˣԼҲ˲ҳ֣ôˣ͸¶١Ҫǲ߾ʵʸǧϽľҶ壿
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ļһûĻĵϴˣҪǿȷصļһʱԼһ£бѵ˼ʹ˷
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üӣǶǵͬ飬ֻʱһѣһɱǵġ
Ȼǿ֮ѹ̽硢ǿʵֺƽôԼ;ҪΪΨһ񣬲κδվԼߣֻҪвеôᷢìͻԵĺƽͲʵ֡
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֪̽ĸֲǺܶ࣬ʵǿ߾Բˮ֮ĽʦѪѪ޽廹в٣Ѫ޽߾͸ˣͨ׶ݵҲǼֲ࣬֮ʿ֮һѷɫڡ֯ʽԱǿߡľҶ壬ȥѾĴ衢Ϊ֯ǲʵǿʤûʲôĻܽ¡
С̾һЩ˵һ£ǸԳǲߵļһǳľҶˮľƺ֪һЩʲôر鱨Ѿ˴꣬Ҳûеóʲô֪ۡϢĳɰ֮Ыͱɱˣ֪ܿһĵϴҲˡǵòʲô鱨ˡ
ϧΥƻԭеļƻӶϮľҶߣˮľֱӽͼ̫ˣһʵе㲻źСȫ벻ͨˮľϵʲôô⡣
⣬Ҳǳͷһ̣ɵļһȻڼΣȻĳЩֵ̫ˡ
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ֻҪץֻѻĵһ£ȻὫܸ


551 ֮
ľҶɵСӣмƻɨ̽ĵ֯ȷʵеСôĿĺΪ˷ֹ⣬ҲǺ޵
ȻҲһոǮԴжµĵ̶ѾϷֵøɸɾʣµľֻЩıԵˡΪƵսǱ
ϵ˴󲿷ֶʲôöͽ˴Ҳ֮ܶ˶ݣֻոͷˣͬʱԼҲۣΪ˵Ŀꡣ
Կˮľ˵ΣԲǺܴ󡢵е鷳ҪСĽ
̽һĸͳ磬ĶܻޡȻЩĽʳĶ󲿷ֶ๼©֮ĻҲǼΪ鷳¡̫޵ӣ˭Ҳ᲻һɳѿδĸ󻼡
֮ҲȷѡҲżзʮǰľҶ֮жΪɱ˳ŵĸĸǣͨ˵Ľɡ
һϵежľΪͷ죬쾯ǸַÿζỨʱ䣬֮һΣ
һֵˮľ濨ȥ֮ʹ֮߾ִֶ෽ĵطǿ֯һЩйŹĽɣͽ˻켣УҲ֡
Щɹĵط±һգ˼껻طֻҸȼ
ľҶĿľһʱİȣֻҪеʱڲʲô©һá
ЪҹڻĽҰĵطŻѵġ
ŵİۣҲף©֮㣬ҲԵñȽϷɡ
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552 ۽
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ʱڣϵʲʬ崦ЭСӣҲеƣڱһʱ֮Ҳƽȡ
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ĿγҲ죬İĲƵϰҲʼЩͷˡ
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553 
̽һδϴΪڶС֯ʵࡣͬʱҲôʶ֧̽Ȼ̴壬ֻҪǺûء
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β죻аΪ쵮ƺҲһƵĳΣϧγɵԶԶȲߣֻʱĻ͵һǶǵĹһ±ɱ֮󣬿ֻһƵĺȻη壬ٴں˷ˡ
ⶫβ޺аԶˣˮľʹþۻ귨͵Щ͵ȵļ־һȻźˮִȻǸûʲôõķ


554 Ѱ
СؿֵСŻҲҡε壬бɸ״
ûʲôΣգ
㹻ˮͿԱɱȽΣյĴˮֻ֣һͨ
ֻҪעⲻˮߣûκв
οϻˮľ˷ӡʽҪʵ̫ˡȻˮɵûʲôֵҲ絮漣֮һ
ˮľ˵Сɱ飬ʲô
Ӧûɣô뵽Щ
ɱȻҲ࣬˵ףһƾˮˮǱ飡
ȷʵ;С
̫ˣҪΪͱڶˮĻУʵսҲһ㣬ֻܿŲǿ֧ţһĸûô
ⶫȻսУͨ޳ﻹǺϸģ˵ʲôʱóˡ

ˮԲʱ仯˵ˮľϰѵһˡǲʱСչȻѣˮľֻһͼˮӦãˡ
ʵ˵ܹˮľƵĶ֮⣬ľõѡ񣬿ϧҲ̫ˣΣˮݺҲǲѡ
ˮ֮ˮ֮ˮЩȽϼ򵥵CˮʹöҪܳʱϰˡ
һѷŬУÿεĽȻ޼ȻˮľҲʮֲԸʱ˷ѵЩϣϧЩʱȷʵ޷ȡɡ
ֻˣ͵ǶԵĥɣ
ĺôǳȻûȫָ״̬ѾƽضȹΣյʱ̡ڲΪ֪ʱ޷ʹģʽδϢسΪȥǵȴһˡ
ٹãˮľ׼ʼ¶β޲ĿƣһξͲΪý򵥵ȻҪ׵ذǿβ֮ɴ
ˮľͰеʱһʵͻȻˮľߡ
βϢˣ
ʲô
ʯ֮һҴйʱ˵кƵ˳ֹ
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ˮľ۶ݵĿһǿңԭȻֻΪ˻һѪ޽硣Ϊβϵ۶ݣǡÿɷǧ֮УˮľߵĹؼһ㣬ǿʹùһ۶ݲģʽ
ȫ²ȵңֱǶֵجΣӴĶᱻۻͬʱ״̬мǿķ渽ŵһףѶ˶޷пһµķսб۶ˡ
սģʽĴĿӰ׶еƣٶȲ֮⣬Ҫǿ׶ס
۶ݲģʽˮľûֹˣɷ۶ݡǧǿɱЧҲپȼպ͸£ӵʵĸҷĿɲԽߣҲǿطḻˮľս
۶ݻһƣǾ۶׿԰ԼµϮ
۶ݺʹǧˮľҪӲ𺣣ҲûбҪɵ߿նܣػոԼȡ
ɷһ̰岹ϣԼս۶ݵĻǲôлѣ
ֻ˱ȽƵ֣ȫ϶
֪¼ˣУҪ£Ҫˡ
ҪǱ֡ǰ¶ϵ٣ǿɾͲˡ
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Ҫβ䲻͵ϮϵѶȺܴ󣬷ḻǱӾˮľֱӴʹСֶε뷨
Ȼսûлָ״̬ԷΧ֮ƣϵİղСѵ׽Ȼβ޲ȡ
Ҫȷϣǵǲϣ
ϣǿջϲһ
ʯ֮ʵ̫Զˣˮľһζûȥڷ֮֮мңƺûκֵùעĶû뵽βĲ˭벻ĵطңڡ

һֹһΡ޼˲ףһܴݾߣͻļһٴʧӰ١
ˮľģѾôãҲٶЩʱա
֤ǸˣˮľҲǲܽܣ۶ûβҲǾͺް취


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һʱŲͼԼڴĴڸеŬЧҲǺܺáһϵежʵʩ֮󣬷ȡ
ܹôڵ֧֣ȻõĽûУֻҪԼ֪ȣҲǳɹ˷ԵĻǾǷǳĽ
ʵĽŲԤеĻҪ⣬Ųغ֯͡ԱƵ¶ж󲿷ڵľҶ޶ԡ
һ־˵ûһ״ȱӸεˡĿŵŲضŸɣεĴҪõö࣬ԼлֳܡֻҪչ¶Լţʱ־һͬ˳ۼԼ¡
ҰġֶΡһ˵ʲô⣬ŵòӵû⣬˾ġ
ѾԼѱʱŲҲûлɥѾôˣҲںٶȼꡣ
˶ΪԼˣŲ֪Լ廹֧źܾá
ֵȻᣬʵҲһѾʮ̫ˣƽǺ֮ܳУԲˡôϣӰ֮λҲ̫ܵʱ䣬ǸʱԼлˡ
̽翴ԽԽƽıʣǾǾõĻᡣ
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ԭΪܹջһͲдۣǲУ
״ûг֣ľݼдսҲ㲻ŲЩռľдǲɻдսѾľҶ󲿷̣⼸µĲпѵеױһֻ֪µɱ¾
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ԭΪˮľȥɰ˳ֽ⣬֣ʵ̫ʧˣҪѶϡ
ѵڲ񣿼ֱЦսΪѵľҶֶ֧Լִɰ塢ʲôԥģ
־ŲľҶ޿ɶҡģѵĸܺͼɵҪ˴õ̽׼ĵλֵĳȻľҶĴ˲٣ŲؿԾɲһϸĻӰ


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ˮݣˮľĶ̰塣Уˮõòͬʱ߱س಻ʹôΧģǾһûˡ
ȻûˮݣԼ߾Ѫ޽硪ݣѪ޽ӵ߻㹻˷ģйܵ⡣
Ҫһ£
ǰжˮľӲСһҪǰﲻʲôæԼҲðա
οҪСЭˡ۶ݵвҪ̫˺ϵǰȡβͬѪ޽ıҪʲôսҪϵ۶ݶһܲ⡣
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ˮľսʽˮľİԽԽСSǲȻĻʵ̫׻ˡ
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ȷ״ս壬Ҫܳʱ䣬µķˮľѾˡ
鷿棬СˣԱ֮侫Ȼֻֽܲû취̫ĶԶԺܶȤĶΪĵòСͿ
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һ̶ܲ˼įԺƻȽź򣡡
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˭֪ԺʲôŮӳ˱仯ܴģ
Ҳԣô䣬ֻҪ׷յ;СôӢĸףӦòᱻЩһкɣ

ʯ֮̽ʵҲƫƧĵطˡ
Ǽ𡪡֮֮֮䣬ҲΪս
ƶ񤡢޳ϡ٣ֲ֮⣬Ǹ̲ʯ꣬ҲͽеļСЩ
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۵ϷǳЩ޵ԤУǿֱһһεΣһȻҲ⡣
ϧϻǵ͹ε˵Ѳ̶ȡ


557 
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Хĺ˵̳Īĺ⣬ЩɡǲǸüǰ
ΣյԤԽԽǿңϲòǰ׼뿪ʯ֮
ٽķ֮һ޼ʵ嫺ɳĮҸɳһ񣬻Ͳܱҵˡ
ԭȥһܷͷû뵽·ϣǰδеΣϺë
ѵҶˣ
ûκǣȫʲôԾĵطĿҲԼɵɡ
ԥƬ̣ϻǾ뿪ûпΣգϻѡԼֱ
ǽе֣ҪȡɹȻУǾͰƻ°ɣ
岶Ȼ̫ˣⲻ˷һֽš
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תߵͻȻɫһĸӰƾճ֡ԼΧм䣬Բ⡣
Ȼ壬ǵװӦˣҰľӦɲˣǵ˭
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ٶȺܿ죬Ȼûβ֮۶ʹüΪȻǷ֮
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ѹ۶ܹܽܺһΪΣգһ㻤ܴƣǾֻܺƴβ޺ȻͣϱϾһѾ˼ˣˮľҵһ̣ͿԿ϶ûˡ
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ӦòģôΧô붼⣡
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ЧģֻΪһʱҶѣ
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ʵȻΪȴǺܺãȫβ޻ҪڵβͲܡ
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559 
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ܵһƤ֮⣬ˮľûзκβ׵ĵط
״̬ǻĲӦµġ
ˮľһ١ʵҲûʲôˣȻʹˣ廹ǺӲʵġΨһ鷳ǣӻůʯ֮ͻȻˮɱı֮У״̬ͻȻںĺˮ˺þãȻֱɱ飬׳ҲԲټ˵㾪ţҲ
һж׵֮ˮľŷ뿪ùβϣһ֮Ҳ֪᲻ΪղžһĻֻԼðգһʱͿ˲ĻþһѾˮľûϵˡ
һǵһǣϣ˼ҾδԼڣһԡ֯ץʱ򣬲Ҫ̫д󣬸ܵʱϽܣܹӹһپˡ
ˮľҲûʹ˽ϳž֯ץĿԣһ뵽̴ҲûܹϿܺãԼˣΣҪǹԹʵ̫ˡ
ˮľҲһսʱ䲻Ǻܳ˳󣬵սʤ˫Ծ
ˮľϵ˿ʼ٣鱨ռսİţôȵϸڣˮľ֪˶پȥ˼Щ飬˳ĻˮľҲ֪ˡ
˻߾΢˵زһɱɱҪѶˡȻۣǺڶŪˣֻร

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СõģҿɲЩ
ʱݵСĶ
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СС˳
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СҶôˣһʱû仯ô󣡡
ĽĻԼҲŮѣҲŮʦİɣ
ˮľ֪ѧУһǳصŮʦóѵ̵Ů
ˮľĵЦ³壬æڨЦŰڰ֡
ôס˵ˣġ
˵ţһӡֵ̽ĺɫӵ˹
¹⼲îϦյϲѶԭˣѾʱô
ˮľС˵ˣû뵽ô͵һ졣
֪ˣʱһȥġû뵽͹
ҿǶȽæһôϣҾԸµĴΪתˡϣˮľ㲻ҪҶ£
ô᣿
³ȷʵǸϺˣǸûʲôŵļһܾǰˮľ֪ˡ
ôнֱҾˣ
У鴫ﵽˣҲˡ
ۼˮľСź߳Ҫţ³еġ
пտԹţ

ɰ壬ںͺϲصǧõؿʾķ塣
һˣ
ǣ֮ɫشһᴩֱӴ࣬û֪һʦʲôʱģȷֵʱѪҺѾˡ޳ܵİɱ
ˣ
ǧڰʾ岻Ҫ˵ˡ
£
ҲΪˣǣ۷׷ף
ʱಢǺҪҶôΪʱͺѿˡΪƿز˾棬òǧ
֪ˣһᴦõģȥɣ


560 ʧ֮
ƽϢĴɧǧҲֻһԿɾС¡
ĹؼǷһ˭ɱģ
ǻúôˡ
ԣΪ˻ɵĶһ㶼֡
ǣ˵۹ҲֹڴˡǧȻɣԭ͵õԼ޵ֵ֧ûбҪˣŪһЩСֶΣοֻὫԼϷ˼İɱΪֱǲ
һҪĺôֻҪ棬ܹΪжɡ
һĬĺϲͻȻѡ
֪һûϺͿ
ǧЦһ
µļпľҶ壬ھӶɰϵһͲҪ֪ôˣǶΪ
Թ˲ϾҲӰѡɰܹԸ˵ģϼ޻ĴҰľȻˣݵ̵ǿȻѹɰֻľҶıӻ¹Ӳд
ľҶô͸ûа취˵ˡ
ֻû£ľҶµ֣ǶǸ̲֮̽ס˰ɣɰȫ̽Цģ˶ȥˣǻ۲ݣ
ѸߵĽЦϲطͣ̾һ˵
ԥܲǺ£ԭǸѡ޿ޣʵҲǿϸ񣬿ϧΪϮľҶ飬޷ŷ
鲻˵ף̫꣬Ÿ˴ɳ֮жУλߣҪһΣ
˵ףȫ塢ԼĴĿӰɰ˺ڹƫƫ»ûʲô̫õİ취
Ұ޵ƣһ߱ơ
ǧ˷ԸʹȷرԼҰֻһźţȻһβغ׵ĿѾˣҪŤתҶӡ󣬻ҪһʱӦӴߣһЩҲŤתĿ
УѡľҶɵļҸŪǣ
Щ䣬ûбֻ֣ΪĳЩԭ򱣳ĬûнǴ
ûбҪɱѾ¶ļľҶǶûкô
ô
ǧֹסЦ
һҪ˵̫ţϺͿ˷費ô
ϲضԽǧĻҲ÷ͼ㡣
ϴõǵˣ˶һ¸ֺŲأûʲô壡
ϲأ㻹ô֪Ȥһ׷ģô룬Ծôˣ˭вǾͷɣ
ԽıĺϲأսУΪƵľ侲ǡǧһжɣ̽պյģľ־Ҳ̴֧ɰ֧뼹
¶ĵĽ㣬ϲҲ֪Ȱˣɱһ̫ҪļľҶҲûʲôǨŭɰվڵƸߵ㣬άֱĹ͹ˣĽҲû˭ǫ̃˵

֮ïܴ֮УһӰɱڻľҶ·ϣɰɱġ߼ס
˳ѵеĿ˶ûͱ̴࣬ȻϢ
ôдۺľѪ޽ƣ׼Ŀǰܹﵽļޡ
ѾļףûгһҲ⡣
ֻȫ֮󣬷һС뿪֮ʱƺһЩõı仯ڴĲӿ˫ۣԭȶдĶȻͬʱ˫һɾľԺԭ޲һ˿˿
ѵıܣĨȥһ˿ָ״̬ۿйתдȻûͣЪ
ͣļ˸ƽĺ棬˿ԼĿǰ״̬쳣Σһ˫д۲תϵؽһ˿˿񲨶Ժ
ˣдΧļⲻϵزҲѸٵرģܿƵ״̬üԼΣС
ʾԣԾȣ
˲䷴Ӧļ˫ֽӡӿľݿʼڳĲ֮д۲ֹͣ˲ת
ֱʱײŸо˫һʹ۽Ҳ˺ɫѪҺ
ҵôˣ
ɻһ֪ļ׼ӿ˻شĲ
ֻ֪սӵļȻ֪ԼϵĳϸǶôǿʢû㹻ľ֧дۺƽĻʧᱻʴ˵ĳϸɡ
Ųؽˮľҩʹǵоɹ͵ļףƾһûκθĿհ꣬ͼԦ


561 ı
ϣʹ࣬־ŲѾܶΡһδεĴŲصӲʯ
Բ״̬ļ׻صľҶʱ򣬵õŲѸǰ鿴
۾ƣͣƺܵ˼ѹĺܴ󣡡
еǿ֮սһĽ
㵽ʲô
²֪˳֮󣬷;з⣬۾ͻвʣӿ룬ļͣ䣡
׵Ųһĵǵˡ
άֳϸд֮ƽ⼫ΪҪŲֻ֪Ҫ˲ǷǳصĴ¹ʡ
ŲܳϸֲΪƽҲΪսֱֲ˺ܶдۡ
֮άֵĴƽ⣬ټзӡ֮żС⣬ĲѹƣҲӦе鷳
Ǽײһϸı壬ǿ󣬵Ϊʱ伫̣꼫Ծȫûа취ȡΪƽ⣬ֲдۺԼӵƣһǰδе˾͵ˡ
Ųغһ㣬;񲢲һɲġż׵ʵԽԽǿʼ׳ɳǡ֯ʽü׵ľ񼸺ûκηչ
û˾֧ţдҲֺƽ⣬ʧǱȻġ
ˮľʧ֮󣬽ֻǶԲӰ죬ҽвĴȫһϸдۿ൱ΣյģһСľͻҪ
дۣӳۣ֮鷳
һ̶ˮļû취ַд۵ƽܲһֱͨϸĻά֡ȥһдۻ᳹ױ
ü׾ô֪ʶˡ
ҪסԼΪҪɿҲġȡʩܿܵò֤ǿľ͵òʧˡ
ҪıһȥҲ̫ף˫ʮԵд۾鷳
һζѹУǲˣٵüӵһͰ׷һ򡣡
¾ȥѵй
ѵֲһԣ
ǣ곤ز׵ʲһ顣
ˣ
Ȼ˱仯ʵıٲ˵ҲӦ֮⡣ֻĻҪѸ˼ǡֹˡ
Ǹزȴͼ꣬ҲôװȥӦûЩô

ǰˮľϰβ޲ʱ򣬲û̫ԣһβغ׵ĴŶݡβķжݵȣҲβϸоһ£Ϊ˻һ򡣵ҲûβôģеһˮԲʱ仯ϰʱͣ
βĿƲ⣬ԺԲʱ仯Ҳû£ѧϰ۶ݵǰѾˣںϳ۶Ȼѡ
ܵʱ䣬деҶʼÿݻƮ䣬ѵˮľ۶Ȼôһš
о۶ݣˮݵоֻȫʵˡ
ҾãԲοһ˵ķʽ
Ϣ֮࣬ʵżҲһЩ顣
ɷ۶ݡ｣
һˮľӡ̡
ɣԿʱȡβȫ֧֣ɵʹβ޲ҵ״Щһ
ô鷳｣˵̫ʵãֻҪɷ衢ݺݻԣ˵С
ǲ̬仯µ֣˵ıԶԲļԶϰȽ鷳ľں׶ݾûгɹ
ԲȶԲȷʵںϲȥˮľ˼ξͷˡ
ʻԾĻԲںϱֻĴҷɵĻʵ̫ΣգݱͲˣġ
ȵȣ
˼βɹˮľƺ뵽ʲô
裬ģβɣȻģβôܹβ޲ӳǲȻ
Ϊʲô˵ҪֶȫˣΪβĳΣֻͲ̫ࡣ
жļδþͺõȥܹɷݡ｣ҲֻǷ˲ƣöӰ֮ǿɵġ
ˮźľž޵궼ûɣ˳ɹˡ
｣ȷʵС˺Ҳ൱ڸͼΪã˵Բʱ仯ҲǺܺõѡ񣬻ʹõĻֱۿͲзˡ


562 ž
ȻһЩ룬ϽʵһȻ¡
֮ټβĲĻȷʵԲʱ仯Ҫȶöࡣ
ϧˮľҪĲʲôͨ״̬ȶʹβ޲ֶΣҪƽ۶ݡ
ˮľģʽʹ貢β֮˿ϲı仯
۶ݣ
תˮľģһʹ۶ݣˮľʱϲʤ
ȻǿżβһڻͨںϻԺֲʱ仯γ۶ݻһѾܹʹˣɵĵ˭ἸΣȻеĹؼ
ˣõûǺܺãҪϰ
ֶλ죬ܹβ޲ʹ۶Ҳһʹɷǧʱ򣬱ֱӼսȴˡ
⻹ԶԶﲻˮľҪ۶ݱÿʹ۶ݶҪʹģʽѹ̫ˡ
ֻнݺں϶ɵ۶ɲɹܹʵҲʹ۶ݲģʽڶ࣬ΧŹĳַܳӳ
Ҳǿϲı仯ˣҪĿĵҪǿö࣬һοģ壬ϰ顣
ģʽǿʵӳɣβʹ۶ҲֻһʱȨ֮ơ
Ȼ˽չǾ͵ΪֹɣһС⣡
ЩвοķʱϰȷʵɣˮľϰͷԲʱ仯ʱٶȿþˡ
Ȼûϰ｣Ҳ޷
ˮľάɷ۶ݡ裬ǰһһңһЭάֲ̬仯һԲʱ仯
ʼתԵУһиΧһС
ѣʵҲܷ㡭ףԣߡ
ԭȶ۶ݡ｣ͻȻòزһˮľͷѸʧʧȥƵ۶ݡ｣űȻȻоĴŰʮ֮ڵһжƻ΢һֱӱһؽᾧƬ
ʧرըķ籩ɢʱٴλصԭصˮľһεؿǽ塣
ҺòڴѵУҪ㲻Ǯ
ʵǰһűȵĸĽᾧ档
˿Խںӳʵһ棬Ҫβ޲ûиҡ
ˮľԼûıˣԲע⣬ְԵĲͻƻԭеƽȶ
ˣûⷽ淢չо۶ݣ۶ݲģʽú˵
ˮľʹɷ۶ûʲô⣬Ƿݡ｣ҲӦòǺܴ󣬵Ҫ߽治һһϦܳɹˡ
һʹþܳɹģ˵֮ӣˮľ׻ֻһķɣûõƫ
۶ݡ｣ִҪ˵ʹãϰܿѡ
ղ¹ʣˮľҪз֮Ѹѣ㲻ҲҪˣһˡӲҪǿʹõĻͻǰһСľͷ˸̡

ΪĿӰѾһĸ֣һֱֺϸĹϵȻżҲԵЩҲǳλ߿֮Ȩѡ
ǰʱ䣬ɰķһѶʱ򣬸ִһûüӦžʹɰڲǱԱϢøָеǳŭŲشһܣλһԲʵĺ
ԭֽƵĲ֮ʹܴۣʵ߲ѡٴνŲص𲢼ж֮󣬸һеؽ¹áɽкһԼӰ޴λϵȨ
ͬʱľƾһְ貿һˣǳé®ȴ¹裻ˮľ˳µξһСӵĶӳˮľʱΣճѾ־ҰΪر̲õ˴ˡ
Ȼ˷յܶ࣬øָеοĺϢҲûС
ҽϵ츳ȷʵͣмŮڲϵһ򲻴Ϊѵõǣķӡ൱㣬ˮľСĽ̵֮£Ѿﵽܸߵˮ׼Ѫǿӡշѹβ޵һ
ˣʼѲ¶ĳǿ֪ۣ̽׼ȷԼΧ֮øֶǳ𾪡
ҲýһĽ̵ˣӡҲҪʱۣһЩ̫٣ܸϲϲ֮ķˡ


563 
ľҶȻϽдӣʵһ൱Сռع̳ܡס˿ڼ࣬ÿһʱ䣬һЩǽ飬ϲ¶ǳе顣
ֻһ൱ְҵ֮еĴϲ£ǰףصҲǺܶࡣ
¹⼲îϦյĴϲ֮ȻҲòȥ
ҲǴСߣһˡӽۣһڰʲôͷ¶ݡҲֻпյ˺ͬѧմ֡
ľؿûӦǳ鲻ʱ䣬ͬͬѧĴϲ֮Ӧò
Ļ˺¹⼲ѧУʶѡ
ˮľȥݱ١ɽҶͲ֪ȵΪн̵ʱȽϳԣˡͬѧĲǺܶ࣬æµ֮⣬ߵģһѾսˡ
ûˮľĻ¹⼲ӦҲʿеһԱ˵ףһΣԺܸߵְҵսʲ͡
îϦСƯ
ССңʢװ»쳣п
¹⼲羭ɫ˺ܶ࣬ԭ̬ĺȦҲʧԴ˳һ֮ϵԲ˲١
ˣû뵽˵֮ʱ仯ô󣡡
ݱָбϵīصһԵıЩҲԾЦ
¹⼲ʵһˣ෴Ĭϸ൱ԾƤҲܺҪȻҲ׷޵îϦա
Ҷ֪ЩšһԡЦݵļһǸڸֵļһ뿪һ߶飬˵ܷӳصϲ츳
ֳĵģСֹס˷ܵСҡ
һδоʵʣôֵ˾ۼһҲ֪ڸʲôȻ̫Ҳ赲Сʢĺģÿһﶼİ졣»ȹȥҪ࣬һɱصͣ͹СϺһˡ
ˮľŤͷ˿ܵĳ裬صͷ
Ĵ󲿷ֻܶļꡣ
ľҶ塢ԣӦ֮ûбˮľһϡе󻨻ҪġڷһͥѵЩݳƷġ
ͱλ񣬳ٲǹ֮⣬󲿷ֶģЩҲһʴˡ
ȻҲˮľ׬һʡָЩٹ˵Ĺǲ̫ȶɿ
ڿ⻨ܵһ⣬̽ľƿʼȶҵҲʼָƽ
νů˼ɶӺùˣ̲ס߽õ˾ͻԽԽ࣬гҲԽԽʢ
󻨻ܣһЩصķ˵Ǹ⡣
ЩȻˮľģîϦСƶߣˮľҲֻǺ֪һƵΡ
ߵȻӦʵΪˮľôֳһһҲʲô⣬׬ǮԼʵҲòôͰͣ˵ӿһȡ
ףˮľŮʲô
һԵɽҶͻȻ۽ǵ⿴СҼͷһС
ˮľŤͷһ£ȻЦ˵
ǺǲǺ棿
ҵ˵û뵽Ĵڣ
ôĹȻеģǸĳҼСҷǳϲ顣
֮µ̽磬ϲܳеֻҪǹΪĴ˵϶ԭʹڡûеĻʱ㹻ͬ˹࣬ҲӦ֪ļ־ƾմһĴھ֡
ֻԭͺʹ˵µжĲ࣬Ǿͺ˵ˣͱ緭ĺҲֻСȵ߶ѡ
ôͨޣȻСӵߣݳޣ
ɽҶϧҡҡͷҪǱߵõֺöһŻӳƳҲֶֻڶˮľŲôЩС
ͨ޻ǽʵðɣͨѻô
ôһͨȺ͵ɫͨ޲һǿΪһ崫еĶԶˮľͨˮĸ;ֵܼҪöࡣ
ȡɣҿСúõĻҲЩǿͨ޲
һߣ
ս϶ˮľпޣ̬ǸˮľС
ˮֵη˺һϵеִγɰ᪴ߣԭ˵ʮơ֧ͬ־岻һѡ
ͬǸȫ޸漣ˮľûȫհа֮һҵļ塣̰ʳ׳󣬳ܲסĶ


564 
¹⼲îϦղˮľڣȻҲ֣ƽһ㣬Ҳ㹻ܰ
˵㹻ˣδĲȷ̫࣬Ҫɱ¾ǲ̫ࡣ
֤¹⼲îϦյĻ֮ˮľҲȴһ׮¡ˮľı˼ȶ켣ĵһγԣͼ´ںۼ֤ԲĽ
ʱǨڵˮľѾôЩˡ̵ĺۼˮľ˯úܰСңҲûʲôĵ˵ˡ
ˮľʱСҶˣҾ͸ɡ뿪߹̫ˣоЩ
ؼҵ·ϣСͻȻڶˮľ˵
ã
ˮľû˿ԥڴӦ
ΪȰҲҪȥ
ô᣿
߶߶СԸҪصģÿһƽߣСܵĽôΪһΪľҶıܡɹһ㣬ɾľҶġ
׼ȥӡ໹ȥĵط
ִ˵İŰɣ
ô
ˮľ΢΢һЦôԼҲǾȻûãҲǴеĸ߼ɲһСӦⲻ
ӡࡢʱ򲢲ǵĴ̽ս֮ʱǸӡתľ񲿶ӣֻʮ˵С飬ճֻǴԼӡάҪ飬ˮľ־Ͱź˵ġ
Ŀǰ˵ӡͽͺͰŲһҪά鱨ͿʲһѶϽ
ȥӡûж壬ȻСóӡķҲûԵĶ̰ġС뷨ȥһʵµĲţǿڰ칫ҺһЩʵϰԼ˾Ӷߵһӻʱ䣬ĻڼҺúÿСҸġ
ȥִ˵˵뾯ɣһ㶼һСҲʱȥ
Ǻðɣ
ȥӴһ´ָҲǲġ
ֻôô
İɣ󲿷ֶߣճѲʱ򾭳漰ŮԵİûŮʱܲ㣬Ѱıһ״
ȮڣĽȮڣһҽȮѵʦƼ뾯ԭ׼ŽԱؽĵһСӣ񿨿־Ұڿ죬ˮľûô֡
֮ܶС䱸һŮǴ

ˮľĵ߸¡壬ûֲ볬ϸģԣҲû̫Ƴ
ʵͱֲ۵鷳ϸ̫ǿơʴ̫ǿ߸¡෴̫ϸв㣬޷ܰ۴ѹ
ʵǿһʮбҪһǰˮľľڿɾ׶ˣȻ޷ָһ㲹ǿԵġ
֪õļʵֲʱһ°׾ϸ⣬ʱ䳤˿ܾͲˣ־ŲѹƲסڵıʡ
ѾôټϢЭѹһ׾ϸʴ㹻ˡ
ƤɫȫһֱһƬƤûмŵļˮľʱˡ
¹ʣֱӰֱۿʱһµġ
Ѿиָߴϵۣʵʲеʱˡ֪һܹˮħֶȷʵˢӣ༼Ļ۲ñȴҩʦ٣Щöȫˮľ
ֲȲҪȹ̣ô㵽׼ô¡壿
ʵЩؿˮľ壬ۿ϶ôֲͿˡ
ˮľƽЦЦȻһӡʩӵ¡ϡ
ӡʲôáԣİ֮ˣ
ҸͲô鷳ֻҪһΨһԵӳΣý綨֪ˣȻڻֻǾҵı塣
ܹ᪴β࿹ȻˮľʲôãǴԻˮľʮϣˮľҪԼִ
Ŀǰˮľ֪ľ塪̺Լִ۵ľĵʱ򣬺ʹ֮ӡû̫Ĳͬˡ
ϸ˵Щеġ
Ȼǰ᪴ߣǵ־ʲô
ˮľûֱӻش˫ֽӡһƬûĺû¡֮У֮䣬ӡʼӣת۾ɢȫ
Ϸ˯磿ԭƻģ
֮ӡϲʬתõѡ񣬰ԭˮľл긳ʱƵķ


565 Ϊ
겻ƾմ죬ǰ֮ʬתǻϷ˯綼һ
տҲǣǽ⿪ϵѹƣɳɳɳꡣ
䲻ܴ죬ɡתںϣͺñȲʬת
ˮľԭˮľĲлһȫµˣǲοʬתĳɹ
Ľ࣬ˮľӦֱӼӡʬת¡ӡƵķ䲻㹻ȫɴӸϱֱͷһ¡
ˮľջǷˣ
ǲʵʲôǣȨѡ񡣡
ˮľͣʩչ˫֡
޷Լ껯һڳ˵Ĵڣһ˫꣬ǷֻƸ壬ⶼҹһˡĶвࡣԶĳȻҪĴ뾫ϵİϲҶΪһˡĴڡ
ʵȰеģˮľѡҲ޿ɺǣܹһˣûԸ⵱
Ϊ˶ˮľִ֮һˮľ޷ǿԼܲԼ۵ĸı䡣
˼ǺĽ
Ҳ˵Ǳô
Ǳˡ
ˮľֿ˵
һὫϵӡԼӵִ̺֮ӡȻˡҲȷǲܹһˣǽΪϵ¸壬ǰǲҾǵΪ
ӵı۰㣬˺ϻҲã
ΪԸҳΪףܵ෽ĿӰҡɷϣȫӵж־ĸ塣
Ǻܺ棬ôó۵ģѵ㷢вΪ֪
ˮľεؿЦǵȰȥˡΪˣŻҸԼš
ׯεҮҮˮľˮľǰǲˣ˵ֻлһֻ̽ˮľںγڵң
ôܸһûκβգͲ֪Լʵáи߲ΰܹпɿжϡòûʲôѧ߼˰ɣ
ô᣿
ˮľЦҡҡͷ
ֻиж޷ܱɷ˵ҡΪԾȱϵĳѾǼˣ;֪ķ룬Ϊһ˵ĵ¹ۻ֪ܲάֵס
޷׷ʵıʵķ֣˵ܹøĺô
ִڳ׿ƵĻӰֲһҪԼĿ¡壬Ǹ˺þõġɳ֮ˡʵԿǻѣֻҪ㹻ǮԴ¡˴ҲǿеġʹĪ˻úúõģǮˡ
ԲŲôصֶΣ
Ϸ˯缤ӡʬתǿռ壬Ϊ¡屾û꣬ȻҲᷢԭ귢¹ʡ
ں϶ɵξɾ˺ἤհ׵꣬佻ڵγһִļͶӰʡȥʶĴʱ䣬൱һйĹ̡
ʶǻˣ׼ôͬܲʹ˲ܲ˰ɣ
Ļɾ󺣣Ҳղˡ
ֵȻУ
ˮľתͷշӡƸţӡ룬һý͸С裬ŲԸ֪޵Ϣ¡֮䴫
Ϸ˯磬Ѿеһô
Ϸ˯ʹõӡǲοͨԼ;ۻ귨ִΪŦѪӡ
ׯܣǾһСͶͬѹ˵ǽˣΣ㡣
֮ΪʲôҪһΨһԵŦĽҪģ᪴ߡ״ʲôģЩҸ㲻
ˮľЩп˵
ÿʵǱֻĶʶȻɿԺܸߣȻзաӡִ࣬൱ʵڼװһд洢ܵͷͨնӣҪʱ򣬿֪ʵļ;
鲻ԣֱӷӡռ壬ʶͶӰԡҡĽػһĹܰɣ
ǰɣ
ʵ̾һҲûзϡ
ԺǿܸɵȻвƣҲˡʵÿһҶкôģḻʵξҲǳʵҵһ֡
֪ˣմȾκʵʲôڣҲᲨ塣
ˮľͼñͷֱӽϵξ൱мһϣΪһ壬ʵ˫á


566 Ӿ
Ȼķֱ𣬵ĿǰΪֹҶƵ־ǿ϶ġ
ʵ˵һ̶ȷʵ˰󣬵ҲһЩµ⡣
ֽų⣬ǻ취ҽȣԲ׾ͷ
ǰˮľÿһʵΪأѾȫͬˮľɾͲôˣ˹ߺûôƷᱻΣΪܻܿٳױķա
εϧĻͻűʵĿԡ
ˣڵļ乲ɵĽˮľ֪뷨ʵˮľԸ⣬Ҳп̽˼άĿˡ
ˮľںͷĵʱ򣬵߸¡ӡ뾫񳹵ȶ˫ע֮£˫ۡ
оô

ǾͺãڿʼֽС
¡ֱۣȵȻ˰֡
֪ˣֽţʵ̫ˣͽɣ
ԣⲻʲô£ֻһֱ˴˵Ĵš
ԭˮľȡ־ͺ⣬ȻſƣһЩССĽҲ޷
ΪĹ۲ߵģһ񣬾ǹ۲β޲
ԣֲ֮󣬶ȹӦھϿʼʱ䲻ˡ
ģʽ㹻ǿʮβ֮ǰ㹻ӦеսҲͻתǲ޷ӦӰ£òˮľ
Ҫôȡø߲εٵö¶ɡ
ˡ
ˮľתͷ
׼ӡô

֮ˮľЩͷ۵ؿЩڱȻ仯Ǻܴ󣬵ھϵѾྶͥʵ
ǸԼȡֻϣʡΡ塢½飬ǰ꣬ǿԴһߴơֻǽǸԼһƺѡ
Щ֣ǶúܲǸɵǰԼļһǿˡ
ǰɣҲΪǵֱҺ͸СЬֻҪԼˡ
ˮľʱԷصȡ䣬ӦòϴĿԡ
Ȼ֪ѡǺǻȻ˾Ͳڣһ˱һ˿ƵС壬ȨȻˮľУ֯ṹѾȫһˡ
ʽ¼ϵ񻮷ֵķΧϸ
ˮľĵǶģ⼸ȷĶλҴڸļһǱлҪԡ
Ҳǵôɣʵ˵ͬŴͷȷʵܹһĿȻֿҲòôͰɣ
ܹ黹ˮľıԣѹֵ̫֮Ȳؾֳ˵ڲͬ
ˣЩʱŵһߣҪǰۣ
ˣ
ȻһˮľĿǰ״̬ӽ
ֲ˰֮󣬸ô˵أʵѹСܶ࣬õѶȱԤеĴ󡭡
Ȼǽаۣϸ˵˵İ۵ͫǳֳɫϸĻȷʵһƬ԰ףͫ׿Ϊɢ
ⲻǲϵ⣬ƵĲҪԭӦʱܱԭƻҪһ㡣
岻ӦӦǴͲľѪ⡣
ֻۡдʵͣǿ̽绹еϵ۾ǳͷβ̽ûӦѪԦѶȿ϶ҪҪȫӳѶȲĸдС١
ΣԽϵͣʹѶԴô
ˮľͷܵ˵ǸϢֲҪϳתۣҲҪȭôޣþС
ȿӾʲôо
ԣ˫ֽӡ漴ͷۿѪֱͫףһ޵Ĳʼɢ
ֵĸо֮Ȼʰ㳩죬һĿȻ
һе飬ÿһӹߵĲΧһеɴɫä޷ֱɫǱȽģɫĹⶼԷֱ棬ߺ߾ͳⷶΧųĳЩԸ֮ܵɫ
ɢӣոȻ壬вӾ֣ԴΪҪܿ
ˮľҪѯʣۿеİۿʼһѪ
ͣ°ɣ
ֲûãҽҩֺϵĴڲȶҪһʱӦ
ͣ°۵壬ɢȥȻסۣķӡӣҲƽϢ
ǳ󣬰̶ܻϱ۸̫࣬ͲľһӦԶ࣬ҪǶԿʹƵܸЧӢ˵úܶԣʦĳġ


567 ׷
֪ϣˮľʵѾ𣬵˵ıʶϻάһ壬˵Ͳ֪ôˣҵʧɢֵܣ
ڿʼˮľñ߷ͬʱ֣ԼҪӦʱ䣬ҲһʱͽԼĪı仯
ڣھ칫ұĿĳ쵼ǴĲӾУĸ֪ԱȡóӣĿǰ۵Ӧ̶ȡܷӳá
ΰ֮䣬һ䣬ˮľЩõ۾
㰡
ÿɣҪ缸¾ͺˣǰʱ͸ˡ
߶
ˮľʼ磬ӹݹļ
Ѿˣ
ȮڣȷһСӣˮľ䲻ôˣˮľζӳССȥˡ
˳µ飡
лˣ
ֻǾ֮ͣô˵ҲǰԼһСæ
صҪ̸
ǰɣ
һˮľ¡
ʸе鷳
Ҳ룿Ӧ̰ͬƼӰ˰ſô
ҪĶ̫ˣսҳϡͥȵȶҪص㡣
ʵдسر̵ʸϣСȫ淢չľӢ̣ʱе㲻㡣
̲߼𣬻ǴĵλԱ̿ҪѺܶ࣬ˮľҲͨĿˡ
ҪΪ̣ˮľôѣҲ̫ࡣ
Ҫƽ̫࣡
ɵЦЦ
ڰıֲɵúܺãʣΪǳ£
սǾ飬Ѿ˳Ľڷ֮ˮľͼˣúܡʵս൱Ҫһ㶼вЧ
Ҫã
ԣЩȲˡ
ʮ̲ҲǾ޽УļҲǲ⡣ЩӶսгɳģΪƽʱڲôᳫ
˵ʲôã
浽һҪúÿǽˣΪ̣һοҲ֡
ðɣȻˮľ濴Уڱо͵Ҳ
ߵĽϤôң
ϽԸʦİæҲ֣ˮľܹٶݣְһҲ޷ˮľ˵ϻ
ȻûзԣӦİɣ
ŲᱻѵֻҪΪѣһر̵ݻǿԵġ
ģô˵ҲʦһҲ֮顣
ȣ
ˮľһ㶣Ȼ
ҵʲôˣ
ȫҩһݡ
ִͬˣ
ҩͱֹˣûˮľɲӦ
ţ˵ִ˻ǲס
ѣ
ص֮ǣҪʹȫҩǼ򵥵
࣡
ðɣ
ˮľûʣͳһƿȫҩ˹ȥ
÷ҪıֶΣҩˮ
лˡ
䲻֪ʲô񣬰ĻˮľҲ̫ôˮľԤƣʱӦû̫ΣգǰɱΣ߽׼ǿ֮֯ࡣ
ЩҪؼôͳΪ¡
̿Եʱͺǿˣһʱ̣ҲǲУȻЩǿֻҪһ£ҲûʲôɷģֻǰһʱƺŶѡ
ҲǼ£ֵܹһѹŬһ㡣

֮ҩʦЩͷ۵ؿŴӥո鱨
һܻرˣ׷ļһᷳһЩ鷳ˣ͹ˮ²֪ûУҪҲĻʧǺ۵ġ
ǴΪصоزġӡĸԴ蹹ϵҪʯ֮һ֮⣬ӡ֮ʵҲΪǿ붯ｻ׷ٷҲмֵ
ڹˮ£Ȼʱ仹ǺܳƼˮϣսҲ츳㣬Ҳһɶõо
ϧˣ
ҩʦֽе鱨֮һ棬Ȼתȥ豨档֯һʱһϵ׷ôҩʦҴ⡣
֯ȻҪضԴ˾ǣֻʱνսˡ
ʱ򣬲ҲˣЩ޼ɵļһﵽжǿ


568 
ʱ׾Թ϶֪֮䣬ˮľԽ֮ĵڶѾԶˡ
ȥδսսã޴룬ĽҪõöࡣ
ԽУˮľֱزٳٴ򲻿Ļǲࡣӵгļʶ鱨ټϾϵͳĽ͵ѧϰľء
νԤԤϣȥĲֲִŽ˳ݡĿǰΪֹˮľĿ󲿷ֶѾʵˣԺʵߣҪˡ
ͶȡҲҪи޶ȣЩ鲻ռһʱȻܹ´󼪵ģҪǻϡڷܹЦ
䣡
ΪһʦʱڵĻѧ൱ܣȽ⣬Щá
һ̿ԣϴûвμӵΣνõĻᡣ
еʱ򣬽һνϴģ̿ԣֻǾٰص㽫ɰ塣ҪºȮڣ̣ܽ̾Ͳòһɰ塣
ʱ䱦ˮľٽʱ˷Щν档
ˮľʦôϸѵҲûʲôǣСȱһˣô죿
Ů־ѽһˣӣҪ֡
ʦͰ˹ʦѧˣСӼһˣôһҪһ¡
·μ̿ԵĻѶμӽͺˡ
ŨüʵǿǲôϤԭڵΣչ¶˼ʵҲƵϳ͡
Ҫģ黹ûоǼʦһ˵ǵŬԼǽϣڻһǿϡ
֪ˣ
ѩѵҲΪӦɭĻûʲôҪٻѴӦϵرĿ״ȥྶͥʵģһ»ҲбҪġ
־ˣЭѵһյǡ
һģ⿼ԣˮľСľΪһ΢ɹҲֵõġ
ľҶУ̻Ѿսǿһ֮֮⣬ȮڣĽһӦ൱
÷ֱ֮ӿԽľյ㣬ˮľʼע۶ݵ档
ÿһѪ޽ļĳһƶĽⲢоģʵ츳ǾԵء
ʲѵĻֻˮľķϰһؿĻܳɹ
Ҷ֪ݺˮںϻľݣĿǰΪֹϰľݵһûУ۶ݣںϵ漣ͬ۶ݣʽһͬ
֪۵ôѪ޽磿
ѪĽݾܴ֡һг棬СڤһַǴУҰľѪ̭ݣβ޲ʹ۶ݡжݡŶݵȵȣҲԹΪеһ֡
һˮľתԭЩ̫ĲݣҲˮľиŬ֮£˿ϲĳɹ
ˮľһ£תѩȻըһӡ
۶ݡ裬β޲ݺͻں϶ɵ۶ݣǴв硣
ӦǲʵĲ֮࣬Ҫࡣ
ܹʽ۶ݣѾǲĽˣ۶ݲģʽڻֻģʽ֮£β޲æǿҪΪֶλҪϰڵ۶ݣҲ¼ѣûʲôáӣ˰ɣˮľս̫Զˡ

֮һڻ֮Ͳ֮벨֮İ뵺ңǸƽСط
ˮľڰǰϸңӡζ֮أкü㲻ʲôأҲûʲô壬ûзܼСȴƬȸȻҲûе¡
ҳפ֯кüûһ֪Сʲôߴ壬ˮľҪ̽ѰƬܵжȻûġ
ԭƽĹȴһЩõĴԣԺɱ˹ĴϣŪôĻ̡̻Сֺ֯ܿɱ¾ǿߣؾֻýϣŵٽĻ֮ľҶϡ
ĳľشݺ֮һŶߵУѰſɵݵͣжӦò󣬵ý޲ʾս


569 Ѱ
ʱڣ֮Ѿѩ׷ɣϷĹȻҲȽϺ䣬ѩӿ궼ѵһ
Ϯɵý˽ڡ
ѾһʱˣеĿȻûκη֡
ǺܴĵطѾؼ˺ü飬һЩ̵ĲԫϱԼ޸ݵ֮⣬ûпֻ֡ɱ˹մߵ
ôȥĻκòײȡĿ񣬼пܾʹʧܣڽʲôģȻҲǲܵˡ
ԭ̵˷飬ʧܣƺܳһʱ֮ڣĺûˡ
ÿһ֤Լʵս뵽ͬڵǲѾԼʱеĽȸо͸ѹԼ
Ǹ߹·ϣܳԼôпɱ˱
ɱ˹ڲҪ˵򲻴ùӰӶô죿
βܹƵҪһۣĵߡҪȥû˵ڡ
ٴ޹޿κεػصʱЪŵСʹñʵݵҪƭЩûʲôƽʵ̫ˡ
ûʲôչ⼸飬Ҳջģûзֱһʮ۵쳣
Ҫ֪һҵɱ¾¼ȻԶﴫҥԣѨĿԺСȻóľҶ߼񣬾ͱȻǿЦС¡
ֵǣܹԼѲ飬д۶ֲκ˰æںۼô˵
Ǽ򵥵ûǵɱ¼ٵһһȺӢڰæڸʵࡣ
˵Ŀȫ޷жϣԭԤе߽ǿ֮϶ǲˡ
ǿôһʵĺûᣡ
ܹһĵ˵ͷ­ΪԼ̵ļƷǾٺòˡ
˼֮óʺֽµĽչ¼֮ðеĴشӡ
ȻʵţҲûԴ޴ĵزһΣն񣬱뱣ֺʹӱҪϵ⣬ҲڴӵľԮôһԼָܹϵսʱԼĸջ
ҹĻ٣ƿĴЩؿŴ⻹ЩĽֵ
ף
ԭЩؿһЩЭ
ˣ˵඼ӦҪ鳲˰ɣΪʲôһЩش󣿡
ĿֻԲҹ֮ҹжѻȸǻСϡ
ѵ˵
عϴ˶֮͵͵ÿһ죬д֮ϸع۲ЩɵС
Ȼ⣬ѵ׷ҹģ
ޣר޵ĻòĲ첢УǡԼʹñװ
ȻԼܽĵ˵߶ЩȷˣȷʵڣҲǼ򵥻ɫ
˵µĲǿУʴӵδֻ֪Ҫȣǿߣõֵ鱨֮󣬶ԲսӦԣһжпԲء
ˮľʦ˵ĹȻûѧǻѧһ㿴ûõ֪ʶ˵ʲôʱó
ıɴĵƻ𣬷˼ʼ첻ͣЪжҲЩԲˡ

Դ뿪ǸѾǵù˶á
ӡΪɱ˹ʱԼһֱڰյĵ¶ѨԭߵǸֽ뿪ˡ
ٺõƢһԼǵˣҲһֱ߰ɣοԼһֱʧɱԷĿܡ
ǸԳƹˮµԼη֪ԷԼһ·ˣԶҲ޷ȥĻҹΪǯסʧصԼһѼԣԼһЦݵļһ˿ȤҲ
һֱǵ죬һͻĴըԭĻ˸׳ʱ𶯲ѵûܿɱ¾
ӳӡһϮŹֵĺڵ׺ۣ֮ԥسȥķչȫˡԼٴʱǸĹˮѾԼˡ
ƺǸԼੲݵ˵˺ܶ࣬Լûô⣬Ҳǲ˵ʲôֻ˳ıܣһ·Ӻط
ֱ֮ǰˮ»Լһܲס뿪ˡ
ԼҲֻúȻС﹵ͨ츳̽Ķ򡢾Զ̣ڽҪȥȥŵĴ裬ȫҲ


570 ͼ
Ŀĵε䣬᲻ɵ֮ǰĹ⾰
һ˲׵ӣҲǸʱˡ
źǣҵһ֮Ҳһ׵顣
ĳŵһȶἫΪעĴ裬ֵ½֮Ҳǰˡ
żҲԼǲǱͲóϣ֮ȴɱ˹ĳƺţʵǿЦ

ʶЩԾʱûԮֻǰͰؽĽչͿܵĲ²⴫شӡ
ͬʱԼһؽӽĿ꣬ͷʱȷ޿κΡȻѾ¶ţǳ顣
⼸ϸµĹ۲Уȵطֹ֣࣬ˮ㡢ҴڲɫؼŸ
˽ʱ䣬׵ظΧ쳣ֵĵصƵʣڵͼϱȻͿһĿȻжϣĳΪģɢҲϵƶĵ˴·Χ
⸽˰ɣ
һƬͰСɽû̫ɲĵطǺܶࡣ
дµжϣҲûóȻжһƬͰĹľſ˴죬ֱٽ߲ѵʱ򣬼ֻߴߴȸŴԶ˹ҰⵡǴɽ׶Լͬسڶҵĵضڡ
ˣ
Ƶؾ۽ڴӵ¶ͷϡ
İɣ
˲ӡĿɱ˹һĿ࣬ĿˣȻӦ겻󣬵ЩɣϿԿ˵ʵӦñҪһ㡣
һͷٻɫҷ㾫Сʱ¶Ĵϵ΢Цʹ˵ʼΪìܡ
ӦǸԽˣ
Ȼʮֿɣʹжɱ˹Ҳ̫һ㣬úһʣǣҲ˳һ鱨
һᣬϵСܵ˾ţ롣
˭Ǳߣ
ɫƵؿĵط
ȻѾˣҲֳֻΡ
˭
һװƣҲЩɵ
Ѱɱ˹ҵطôλС磬ôֻĽҰʲôܷԭ򣿡
ȻɣѾһԾͻ֡
ɱ˹
ƺΪежʱһɳ嶯
Ҳ鷳ô
ľˣʶıŰµᱻַҲһˣеĵжҲûȫ˵ġ
Ͻ뿪
ʲô
ȻʧЦ
ǳˣˣͿҪ֮ǰҵ㡣
뿪ɱ㣡
ͫʼѪᲢϲɱˣϧ£Ǻˡ
ȻҵǾ˵Ǹɱɱ˹϶Ǽ仰ܹöԷ־ܵġ
γ彣ᵲǰɫѪһۣ˶һɱ¾Ĵ㡣
еȥָͷס˫ۣһЦӺ֮з΢΢岻ϵðɫģת֮Ͳ
ӡôܣ
ԭֻһνû뵽Ȼ˺ԼϼΪƵĶ
㵽ʲôˣʹʲôϵ
ʵأӶϴһЩ鱨ֻϧ˵Ļˡ
ĻᣬԾһȭͳͷ­
ɱ˹ԭ˼ô
ٶȣҪ׾ٵػлܣĹѹԵٶǰвԲô
ѾûˣҲˣϣ֮ǰܹʱҲܱ֤
ֻɥʧʶȫжļһʵǿڴҲ£ֻҪСӦԣ²ȡʤҲԲܡ
ڼ˲䣬Խάˡ
˫شһ㣬⵽󴦻ļ̣ԲװϰҪλöŽ״ףͷǣǿѡۿݡǰ;
ӡ̵ĺģȻ˴˵еĶ
壬һԼĿꡣ
˵˫ֹۣʱ̳ٴʱһ˫д֣׹˸׶׿ʼ¶ԭʤٶٴδǣǧеķâѾĥϣ͵Žն䡣
Ϊɱ޹ƽڰɣɱĹ
׽裬񵲵ֱһ顣


571 
۾ʵӡȫ֮ҪĿǰǿܶࡣǿһӰҲȫֵֻܿ׶ײܿȫʩΪ
սʤôģӰֿ̫࣬شٶƳַӳʱһͷŭҰޣǱ׷֮⣬ѾҲʵӦԷˡ
ռƣʱҲûսپ᳹׻ܡ
Ӧӡûս̬Լϵӡܸ˴ǻ־Ϊơֻǣʹӡķʽ
Ҫ̽һӡʹõļޣʵطһΪؿսеÿһ֡
Բ󣬻ָҲȽϿɹۣΪѵõսܶвӡʵǲɶõؼ
ŵԶ׼ȱҲ˼Ϊɵȫɥʧǵķģʽ˵ǺܺõѡѾʶľغˮľսˮľʹһսѵᵽܹʹõʧȥƵʱǶôĿ£ˮľĿǰ伫޶ˡƿΪأĸֶԲɿصʲô̬ȡ
ôҲвʡ
ӡ̶ԽԽҲԼķаӡһȵĴʹԽԽǿңԽ϶˶Լ࣬Ҳӵӡ
ʶԼǿʵĺöҪúоһѾӡܾ˵ӡһЩҲδزܱ⡣
ȻûȷϣǿƲ⣬ˮľʦԲİǰкú˽һĴ㣬ֻΪԭˣԼΪ̣Ӧ֪һЩȨ˰ɣ
սٶ֮ڿٶȸʤһڴﵽʤɡһʮ֮ǰԵġ
ù¡ƣ޹ýʻ˫͵棬޴һƬʯ䣬ʯҲƵòˡ
׵ǿ󱬷ȷʵܿɹۣҲֻһƤˣжûС
ʯУҲûзŹᣬ̧ͷһǧǧɢ䣬Ƶ촫߲ѵƺˡ
ֶ̫ˣҪûʲôĻɣ
شһ쳤ֱҵĻ
ˣʲô
ݵضǧֱ̣ʻľ̴ִȻ͵һתһѪ鱻
ôǿҲֻѪ֮׶ǧӳֵȫûȡ
ӡǸܲʹĴӵķ˫ѸͣΧʣĹľһɨա
ķ񣡡
ŵطܣȷʵǿԭĶԷѪսʧˣ˵ĳ־սԶԶ
һпҪˣƵĲҪӽβ
ͻȻɫһһɴ̱ǵѪζӲԶĵط˹
ˣ
ɫѾ쳹׿ˣʱɱ˹Ű£ֵܵطˣôʲô֮
ǵǣҲо˲ԶıʣȻԥǸɱ
Ǹе˵ͬ飿Щɲ˼Ƭ֮ǸȥͬʱвϵкӵϣƺѾ϶Ŀ꣬ɧŲܲˡ
һᣬһһһɽˮСɽ꣬ԶĺߣԷƽ˵ɵڵϡ
߻ţҲһ֮ңˡ
شΧûз˵ټʱԵᣬȲֱۣһĴ֣һߣֻһĽʳŵƽת۾ͱһգԭѾ˵ᣬۿɼٶȼٻָĿɿڴɫУٴת͸¶ŶɱԹ
ˣȻָ壬ѹֱΪɱ˹
ӡļٰǿ˵ϸԼϸٻָƼؼֻҪزģܹΪսɱ˻Լǿֱɱ־սսȫû塣
ԭˣֵһսĶ֣û뵽̽ȻĹ
Ƶзת񵲣һ޴ЩֵĽ˹޴ںϷת˼ͷ֮վȽŸ
Ȼͬ飬ܹڲټɲǺǵɱ˹ܹˣʷŪôɱ˹ָƣǴĻǣ


572 һж
ֵĵˣһ׷ͫ꣬òӦñһꡣ
ոһؽš߷ɵȼЭͣۿɼĻָԭ
һߣ˭
дۣ֪㡭
׷𡢴Ų̵Цݡ¶һļ
ǲȫұɱ©֮㣬ţһᣡ
ڴҩʦôõС󣬲ֲܶ⡣貶֮ǰǲ֮Ź֮ʹ̽硣
ȻҶЩ⣬һԴصİ׳ղȤܹǶĪӦòǼ򵥻ɫɡ
һˮݡˮ֮ôǲУʵ˵ˮ»еʧġ
ƺûô
ˮµȻľֻһʵѣʵԭʵǹˮѹȫˮǿ֫塢ǿԿҪ̫ˣˮֵҲΪֲòͣ
ڴʱੲݵĹˮͻȻĴȭҰ嶼÷飬ˮƮ
ˮЩơԹź˿֮ᡣ
ȻǼ˭˭״̬ôʱҲͬɣ
εЦЦĹˮȫˮһСˮݡ
ʧȥ˹ᣬѸٵؽĿٴƻϡ
ˮݡˮ
ڲ֮͹ˮ²ûмóꡣ
ڲǹʱѾ׻ָҲ޿ݽ֮ǵᣬٴγΪҪصյĵˡ
ңԶĵطвٿԼʱġʳͲںʱ䡣
෴ߵѾΪƣˣ׶ݡǧѾͣǿٶȺͷİƷ׶Ҳ޷ά̫ãΪ˽Ӧòȡܡս
ϧҪʡҲһ׵飬ưҪɡǧҲʹ
Ҫһǣֹؼʱ̣ͣάֵдۣǱԼڳ˶бҪӦǰᡣ
ԣǿʦ˵ģ䲻Խĺ蹵ô
ܹ׶ݵǿƺٶȿٵѹ֣ͻᱻ˫˫ľľ
ôһɲǣҲʱˡͼս߸ɴԮ뷨˲䣬ͽ׵Ժ󣬵һεִа񣬻ǷǳҪĽ˵һܱĻȡúýͷǳˡ
̤ˮž˵ƣǰӿ񱩵˹
֮Ҫɵһ
𳤽˫ֽӡգϾۼȻߴߴʼ쳹ܡ
Ծ뼼ɵıƴУдԶǿ˵ʤı֤
ͫö񲻶תٶпֱ©ٳд۵ĶԤ֮£ͲûǵĹ
׶ݡǧ񣡡
ӭŨɱƶϣΪչƣײһһըǧͣ£ſˮ߽Ҳ
Ӯˣ
Ŵͷ˿ֱ۶ϵᣬǧͣؽұظá
ǻָǿɱ˹֮£ʱӦòʲôսˡ
ʤȯյʱ߲Զˮ֮£ٶȼˮ˽ľ룬ֵʱѾˡһöˮһöҲֻܱܹҪ߼ιǻǱ˸Դ
ľʹոմԺűһƬˮϢץסĽס
ˮݡˮ֮оô
Ĳٶȼ졢ףˮеĲǿ˵е͡
ֻˮľ֣һֻץһֻץصһ˦ѾֻʣʹİصˤڰߣɵڵصһЩԵƽԶ
Ҳ˵㻹̫Դһ㣬һж뽫ǶɵҲ̫Ʋ˰ɣ
֮󣬻ָƵضķ˴;ò뼫ΪĴС
ԴôҲô
ȻԹˮµ鱨㣬վ֮УѾڰ˽һɲ־ܡ
ǧĵΧ֣һؼϵسŹˮµ塣
һл治Ҳ
ˮ֪׶ݶԼпãԵԻˮʧȥЧȻЧҲм޵ģˮ»ۻĲ
ˮݡJñӡ


573 һս
һˮǳټʹõˮݡˮ裬ΪֲĲľͽˮݵżεüߡ
Jñӣǹˮˮ⿪ķˮݡ
ԷΪʵҲŲĹ
ԭˮ֮渽żˮ
ˮØJñӼӲ˰ββڻ֪ǲ˵
ǿ丽ӼֵҲء
ˮ֮һˮɹˮµͣȻܵʩߵĲٿء
ַﶼ֪任̬˰ɱˮսֵ߻᲻֪
ˮֵĹˮ½ǲڣǧٴ󣬹ˮƴ˵壬ˮһǿġ
ˣ޴ˮֵҲ൱ǿ󣬶ʱںβ޽ǿˡˮľ̶ֳȵûʲô壬˵ͼΪѲˡ
˿̣ƴʹ׶ƿˮΣתֱˮִֽסȻٴαû
ȻҼֲ˶ãӿ⣡
ǧͨˮݵˮ±ϣֱˮûJñһ㻺ãҪĻǹˮ²㡣
ʮֲͲռƣǰ˺ܾãڸҪһжȫĹˮ£ټһʱ޸ᣬôʤĻᡣ

ǲԳģΪʵߵ漣
͹ˮ±ƴͲʵ̫ˡ
Ϊ鷳ǣսĳĹ󣬶ӡѹƱȻᱻ
ܹԼĶܣֻʱûҵӡõİ취Ųòųڳս֮С
ʱ˿̣Ҫһƴʱˡ
¶ĵûüſаӡ֮ӡѾһӡ
ɫѸẉ̂岼֮һϺɫð˳
ף
һʱԵĹˮһ
ԭҲֹŹֵĶǰΪʲôã
ȻμӡȫֶʲôĹˮʮֲѡ
ӡ־Ѿʼ˻ĲȾɢűаϢ
ľ˱仯Ͳˮ£˵ʡ
΢΢ĬĬһڳĲ
Դ̿УӡҲûҪΣʱ̡
ιԮն񴦾ظܵĿǰľԡ
ôĪĵط
ŴĸϵӿԺԽ˵ڵӵǿ
ԭΧЩήҵǧٴοʼֻͣһκǰĵⲻͬϺɫ׵ԱȸղǧҪöࡣ
Щ仯Ĺˮ¼ǿ˶ˮĿơ
˾ѽѷֵʱ򣬴ŷ֮ŭٴδӲԶ֪УһűŰĲٵ˳˹
ʱ򣿡
ΣͷֵЩֲסĹˮ²ϲһ
ƹȻ൱ã
ˮľʦսǿڶĬķо۲ѡ
ʯ֮䣬ǿڹˮ֮³Jñ֮Уһץסļ
ն
ӡֱҵػĸƵײ޴ĹǴһ
ڣ
ֱϵϸѸ컯ٺģĴִڹܣڼ£öѹĲڵޱ
ϵػֻشӶľ޴䴩˹ˮµˮݡJñӡ
˼ѪԶԶرɣȻˮϣˮƯСʯӣɵ˶԰صײұϣѪصڵϡ
̫ˡ
ˮͷ۵ؽᡣ
ˮҪյö࣬ȻԷҲѾ˱ˡһбץסˡ
˵öԣҪһжȷʵ̫Դˡ
ΣͷҪȫʹò׶ףԼˡ
óһƿɫҩվ˫ֽӡһӰߣԼٶȽӽٴγ˹ᣬȻһ䣬ŲԶĺȥ
ȫϲӰԥظȥ
̫ӡ
ٴΰγѪɫǧָŲԶĹˮ¡
ȫҩԶ׼ĻָЧŤתƵϣ


574 Եо
ϴӿеһǰδеǿĴֻ֪ʱģҲ鲻ԽС
֮ӡûȫӳӡ׶Ϊûпͣһ׶εӡֻѹեϸǱӲͬʱ֮ӡ߲ϼӴӡ̶ȣմﵽĳ̶ȡ
е˲ӡ˺ܶ࣬ҲֻˣĴǣʹĺȹΣա
ڣҲûȫΣգˮľմԽǻڲ֮͹ˮһӡȫҩ˫ѹե֮£ܷȻȹվһӡȫҩ༤Ч͸֧ǼΪֲġ
ǵľȫҩԼʱǧעܴصָкתͼæŹˮ³˹ȥ
ؿɾͲǰץס׶õʱˣųӰֳǧеնˮݡJñӻľ޴ˮϣÿһιһ˿ǧĵ˳ŵˮˮˮıϡ
ƳתˣˮӴ岢رٶۣͣѾǱȽˣǲһȾȫһΣˮתͷ­ҲӰȵӰߵع
̾Ϊֹٶȣά״ֻ̬һⰤֵܻĻӡ
ͻ䣬սѾϽˣʶҪıսĹˮ²òױ任ս
ˮݡˮ֮
ʮ׸ߵľ޴ˮ˲һ̲ĺˮڹˮµĲ£һˮӿĺˮ˳һжˮɢȥٴγǰԵǹˮ˫λεĳڵĽ

΢΢һ㶣û뵽ǰԼߣת۾ͱһʹ˫ߡ
ҲͣЪжѪɫѸ·ɣˮҲʾ˫ϵظ񵲣ȻԼٶȴڼУԣĥʮĵ֮ȫ淢չҪǿϲٵģʱԼ߸͸ǲĶҲȻͨḻľɱĹ
ַߣȻûдл۵ĻǾ˵㲢̣ľҶ͵޽ͬЭ飬ΪʲôҪ飿
壿þûȥˡĿҲʶĽǻˡͬЭ顭
ˮ˫棬ٴμסĳ
Ҵû˵Ī飬Щ޹أ
ô
ȻǺ׹ˮµĴ㣬ղͬѴһˣûκЭĴ㡣
Ľ񶷣δûȡʤĻᣬǸֻû̫ʱ˷ˡ
д۲ٷ糵̫֮
˿߰סĿ޺｣ȴΪնĹڸסﲻϿưĸ˿ߣд۵ԤУΧڰĹˮ»ûѵĿܡ
ȻûֱУԲϸ˿Ѿ˵˵·
ʹò｣֮һ׷׸ı䷽˿߽ˮ°
ħ｣Ӱ糵
ö޴ķħ｣һһĹˮ·˹ȥݸ˿׵â˸ǧ˳Ÿ˿Ҫйˮ¡
ƲĹˮҲûлţ˫ֲõǲζЦЦ͵ǰһϸ˿Ͱ񴩹εˮһЧˮ¾ôݲȵضɱС
ԸĶͺʵӦʮɰɣǼһȻһǲ˵㣡
ûˮµԴޣȻؿŵ˺ػӽǰ
ԭˣˮҲ۷廯ˮ
ǰ³ͻȻûй۲ڲеᵽˮµˮѲ
׶ܹ֮⣬ͨûЧô
ֵˮĻУˮ൱һĺʹö˺
ܳʮɵûô
ȻЩźﵽǵĺˮֻҪò̫Զ׶ݾܹס
˵̫ˣó׶ݣȻܹǸͷıȻҲڻ¡
ȫ淢չߵƣսĽУʤƽԽԽǲ
׶ݡ׷
Ӱʱ仯Ĳ˻ƣͻ׶ݱը˺


575 ע
һʵսʹ׶ݡ׷Ϊ̫ˡ
׷һһսкãܹԶٵЧ
Ը׶ݿƵĵˣ׷ǷǳЧֻѧܹҲûרݵߣֻͬΪ߰ͬĴҰӣǿǱƵ͡
ǣʹҰӣԷսʵǰŪҲûбҪ׳ˡ
׷һǰһл˫ֽ棬ȻȻǰӻŽǧǧ˹ˮǰĽŲ
ǧǧٶȼ죬ǳɫǣǧ񲻹ܷʲô̬仯ʶ׶ݣˮݡȻˮЧѡ
ǧǧûп׼˵壬ֻע䲻ܷӳˮơǧǧպˮϡѸٱĴӵĵ绡ùˮȽĲһЩ
սô
ˮɫصض׶ݵನжǼΪѵ顣
Щ
ûʲôս˵뷨Ĺˮܵͷ
Ȼ״̬ͲȶҪúܶ࣬ðű˱ˮһսɵվЩòʧˡ
ֻУһζĶܲȷӦǧǧķ
ˮ˫ֳٷ裬ĻǽϽǧǧ顣
ӲǧǧѹҲ̫ˡͨǧһնеǧǧͻȻըÿһöǧǧһǧ񣬱ըķͨˮϣĵɣҪǼʱʹˮݡˮ֮ڵˮּǿ˫۵̾Ҫˡ
ûˡ
׶ѾͷˣһʶȷԼԹˮ˵һ˿սѾˡ
ҲǼ򵥵飬ӰѾΧһǰһֱȡԼҪ
ˮֵǰ죬סǰĺնֳԸٶֱȡҪͼ˵ˡ
ˮʧˣ׷ûжܵ˼ⲻܲ˵ش̴˹ˮµĸǧ˲ԣ׷Ҳ̴ȻڻͷĹˮ¾ȵҵرըһƬ绡˹
ͨӰ
¿ɾˣȫмƵİ׷вǰĳٴϮԵĹˮֻü΢౻ƵΣգ绹Ǳ˸Դ
ɣ
ȻΪУͲʲô뷨ֲۼǧٳͣҪսذ׷
ôܾʹȥ
ҽһĹˮþȫ͵һȫϲˮ򱻻һĻڣѪ˿ˮ˳ŽˮҲûȫ˺Զ׼ģȻֻҪ㹻ˮ֣ˮһʱͿԻָڣǴʱᱻɱΣ֮ˡ
Ĺˮ̸壬䲻ݷػһ̯ˮµĺˮ
ܣ
̽ˮУ׶ݵĹâȻ˳źˮӣһҽдˮһӿܵ˰׷Ȼû
֮һжƽ
ˣˣ
þ˻ûµˡ
΢˿ϥˮϣƬ֮һĪԺ
յеӰʱѾô
ֵ̯ƿ˿Ǳ绡յ˺ۡ
ҪΪǧʲô˵С˵｣ֱ̱ĿܣһʲôоǿĿ׶ӣ˫ֲ̫ܵǿ˺ģ彥֧ȻۿۣΪʲôǧʹôƣ̫ƵʹãԼ֧Ųסˡ
Ѿô
εҡҡͷȭͷղˣȻЩСȫҩ²һͻȬһʱǲˡ
ˣ
ǿҲҪи޶ȣ;ƿݵȫžĵţܹĽѾǲˡ

ԶһӸµɽϣһεúܺõôҹԶһؿսѾܾˡ
ôѾƽϢˡ
ߵĸ֪ͻȻʵ
ˣ
˭𣿡
ûУܲңܾˡҪҪ֣һ˺ľҶǲҲܸɵһٳ
ˣⲻǸùĵ飬ǵǼɱ˹Ͱ׷ϱʹˣҲǾͬˡ
֪ˡ
ŵûϲ˵Ҫġ֯ΧԱвٶΪʹ˼Ϊϡ


576 ľ׷
һ˿һ㣬ұΣյıԵҩЧݽߡӡҲΪ̵ʱ򣬳ױͿյʹվѣŲ޻ϣ֮䣬ҵһʵŵ㡣
飬ֻΪҵĿȻһܶѣʱĺԼصҲǵĿġ
׼õĵ¶УǲһεĽ
ȵ˰ȫĵطŵһй֮ͷĿѣѸٴȫ
ֽӽĿѾԤƵˣľл
Ϣʱ򡣡
ǿͳɫ쳣졢˿˾;ûʳıӽûô׽ȥ
ÿγֲġԽȥ˵θڵı裬һĵ顣üͷƬ֮һɲӸѸٴȫ䣬ӽݽߵһ˿ĸء
ƽĲһᣬаӡʼãѾŰ˺þáЩΪ̵ӡҲȴĺɫĴƤȥĲѹ֮£ٴαӡסˡ
ҲܿƵȥȥ¥յĸоҪʧȥ֪ˡȫļⶼڲز̫壬Ҫһʱָܹˡ
оԵܶûоʹιȥѾ־ᶨĽˡˣĪΣдӸղſʼһֱ֮ȥ˫Ժ֮Уһ彫ҪķѵĴ
ۿед͹رաԼĲ۲ľʹһֱûл⣬տʼΪ۹ȣƺûô򵥡
ôҩӡ
һȫ㲻ֻýЩҷ¡һʱҲ⣬Իȥ˵и̽ǿҽߣʲôƶڻ¡
Ȼܶˣάѣһֱڤ˰죬ֱ岻ԾĶֹͣҩЧҲȥϸһ£ûʲô֮󣬲ſұϳ˯˹ȥ
յĵ£֪˶ãһȵӰ֣Ѹķȥ
ļ֮Ӱӽλãؿ˯ŵʱһæȥ̽һıϢƽȲһ
һ㣬Һû£
ֻҪľҶҽˮƽֻҪʹξͲ¡
ƽ죬ľǲ˵¶ߡ
ؼյʱѾǵڶˣ䶬ڵϣ˴Щů⡣
һľҶװӦǺþòǰӦˡ
׼Ȼҵ
صľ÷Χ㷺һ壬ѹβޣ׷Ҳسʵľӣ֮ñ׷߳£ؾܸ֪ʹµķλ֪ΧֻҪǸرԶҵĿꡣ
˿Ȼ˯ѵǲһ֮ҲѲҡҡͷַ̧ųԮĴ
ľʲôãǲóƣĲĴ󻧡
ֻǧӴ󵽱ɼΪֲʱʱ̶̿Űٺ֮ӡĸһֲȫӳľݵ
ľںˮݺݵѪ޽ûҪõúãǾͱҪгԣҲݵֲ֧ܷӳǧһЧ

֮Ѿ˺ܾõ֮Ȼû̫ıʷȻһƬľ˵ºг˵ˮһжĻ𻨣άһеģܹбӻȵʹ
Ѿܾû̴ǰˣ
껢֪ˮеĲ춯
ûŲǸô
Сϡ
һԹ֮ĳ̬仯Ǿ˵֪ıʣû飬ҲǱѪȵֶθסһõĿܡ
Ȼ˶٣Ȼ˵
ǵĵѾõ㹻ؼұҪ鱨ҪҪְװ֮ɱ
ֿԺСû˭ܹ޴ڵ̽ǰ̽鱨
Ѿ¶㹻Ϣˣй¶һ̶ȣḻ鱨ԱƶȱʧĲ֣ÿһϸڶҪϸ֤
֯Ĵ󲿷ҪԱ鱨Ѿй¶ԼֻҲ¶ˣ֪жٻö֪϶һ


577 ǧԮ
ԭƻӦļ㹻ǿεز׽β޺
֯ĿĵȻԴ屻ɱǲ;󣬾ͱ˴֯Ȼʮβƻ
û뵽տʼʹҲֻץβһԳ֡ӵֻ۵Ӧһȴòر¶
ֻ۶ôǿֻҪ׼Ȼ´жѶȼϴǰ֮ɶκͽǶҲòȥҲǲ͸޻ֻǿɿҲֻʵ˵޻˷ĵĻǲȫ֪ǹž޲µĵʲôܡ
źǣЫ͵ϴ־Ͳ࣬󽫣ʧ̴嶼Ҫۡ
˵֯ѣһЩ顭
ļֵջô
СЩźش
ź
ܳΪ֯ʽԱģһܹΪ̴ӰʵǱʵĸ֡
̽ʵ˲࣬Ҳûٵ޽еĳ̶ȡܱļĸֺ١ͱǲΪһЩʣͲܼ롰֯
ˮľҲḷܼ̌ĻٺòˣֻϧͿʵֵĿܡ
ܹļе֣ѾΪѵˣ֯ҲǾ˺öŴﵽڵĹģû뵽һֱ¹ʲϣдѱʮսгɰ֮Ы͵ϴɱбǶǰ֮Щһûһʡĵġ
ѰҴҲûнչ
ҪҵˣԷܾһ룬ǵ˸Ľࡣ
֪ˣٶȿ㣡
нһ룬βҪʱҪֳѰңһ鷳¡
˵裬Щջ񣬷񡣡
Ǳʣ
ܹõСۣѾΪˡʵ̫Ǳһ㹻
Сϵͷ
ߣڵʵǿһ½̲࣬ѵõǵسơ
ۺʵȻôߵʵսֻܴҪкʵĻȫӳŵĻˮºҲǲİ֣ؼǻвСǱ
ǵ򲹳Ա
ʽԱĺ򲹣ȱʱıѡɰ֮Ыɱ֮ǰǲǶ氢ɵšԺ򲹳ԱݻԾڡ֯档
˼һùһֻβޣǶβľˡڵ̶ֳȣδܿβҲܹó
δǿڴһµģΪҪԭֲ㣬ûкʵѡҲֻЩǿļһˡ
ǲԸ룬ǾͲĵˣСȥæӡ

ľҶ壬Ѿڲǲ˹۾ĲԭϢĵܶʱһľҶҽԺϤ컨һ
Ѿˣþˣ
ʱȫ׷ʲôһֱڻ˯Ҳ֪Լôȵģǰȫġ
ˡ
ߴСӣϲõ
Сӣ㰡
ҪԱߵСӣǰһѡ
˯˶ˣ
Ѿǵˣ㱻죬һΪҪˡ
Ҫˮľ֤µĻСŮɵˡ
ʱˮľҪ࣬ӡӦټȫҩʹõļˮľҪ٣Ȼǿ׳̶ȲܺˮľȣʤᣬϸҪԶԶˮľԻʱȻأʵûΣա
֮ľҶ壬̵ٶȫǰһضе㹻ǺֱӿٴѶȻˮľ÷֮ǰȥԮ̽ЩȽҪĵص㣬һЩˮľ·˷ǵľݵڡ
һʱ䣬ˮľͽͽľҶҽԺ
ףˣ
⣬׾ҽ߷Ρһͷ޵ĺɫŲɫ߿۾˽
Ҽǵ㣬⼸лչˡ
ڰ֡
ûʲôƵǾǰֻǰ˵СæչСӣ
ٵΪֹ˻ûԭһݶŮĹ£Сӣദò

ҽԺ¥ľˮľĵʱ·Ķ
Ԥú׼Ȼ˹
Ͻȥѧ
Ȼɡ˵˵⡣
Щص˵
֮鷳Ҳֻˡ
ӡٴδ󱬷ΣԽԽˣ̫ã´οɲһôõ


578 
ǰˮľͿ۹⣬ձӡʱˮľʵڵҪԲһ㣬ıʲôֱҩʦõӡ֮󣬲˲ƵĿܡϧʱǨЩѾˡ
ڲǵ˵ӡʱˣ鷳ǣһȫЩҲ֪ʱˡ
ˮľ̾һЩź˵
ϴ
֮ǰϸһ´ղصͳϣԸִʵҽƸĸս״һЩر󡭡
ȫˮľڵĿҲûдˮľĻȥ
˳ҽϵ֮սʼ½һɻһֱ鱨ţӵѪ޽ʱͨҪߺܶ࡭
һֹ۵ΪѪ޽ʵǿ󣬾ҪִһЩΣ񣬲Ƹսʡ⵱ȻҲһֽͣνԽǿԽһ㲻֡
ͬͨߣӵѪ޽̫ϡ٣ͳƫͣ½ʧĿҲǴڵġ
ΪһжֻǱϸ󲿷Ѫߵ֮һ˵ǣЩ֮ս֮ԶԶһߡ
ս֮⣿
Щɻʵ
󲿷ֶǲģûгؼ󲿷Ҳؾˣƽ̽ͨ˻͡
£
ˮľصͷ
Ѫ޽ĲԽߣѵԽСԽأͲǰĽ˵ͨˡ
ǰôû˵
ڳϦսɱʱע£ֻľҶΪʵҪһЩϱ
Ҳˮľʹܹһ˵Լܹ꣬޵ʵ̫ˡ
ԵӣӵʬĻҹǲǼ׵ʱ;Ѫ޽磬ҩɾȵز
ʲôļסҽ趼βþ̫ˡ
ֻд̥켲޲ߡǲͻҹȻ첻ֻǺıĸνӢŵۣʵ̫뵱ȻˣѪ޽ҪŪ컹ûôС
˼ǣӡѪ޽йأ
ˮľָ
ֹӡȫҩҲйϵ߶ѹեϸȫЧֶΡȫҩЧȴңӡԳٻƳȴһԨ
ˮľҩֻҪͦȥˣʧһЩӡҪǲƣĻ˵ġ
أ
ˮľεЦЦ
͸¶һϢдۿѾкüˣܱǲҪ磬֪ζʲô
˵δһٱľֻֿԲųˮľҩļ֮£ļӡ
ôܣǰûⷽļ󣡡
ԼҲдۣӦò˰ɣ
ˮľָָסۡ
ͲдۣҲˡ
㶼֪ҲŲ仯
ˮľһӡ
۾Ĵдӵչ֣ǿҵб仯ܿдۡ־㹻ĲʹáڵӦӸ߼дۣҲǿˡ࣬С忪дۣû㹻Ĳά֣Լ
ƺеô֪ģ
ϸ֪ˣڲ̫ãǲд⻹취Ļϣ
ͶĻܻ΢һ㣬ֵҽǿҲ˶ѣ漰ȱݣǴķȽϿɿˮľֶζ̫򵥴ֱˡ
ҳ֣Ҫô⣬Ҫô⣬ѵѡ񣡡
ôأ
֪ɣ
ͷ
·ĲֻȲǰͻ谭֮󵽴֮ͻΪɲӿп޵ڻұɾصĴ󽫣ȻһѡǾǳװӡܳһʱ䣬֮ͣǰܣ
ˮľϵĻ֮ӡԭˮľϣ֮Ҳ˺ü£ϵ֮ӡҪֻ˺һ֡ˮľаû֤ʵˡ
ˮľĻ˳˼ˮľ򿪿˵
ȥ͸ִһ°ɣ˵иð취һҪȥһ֮ɨЩ©֮㡣
ǰ֯Χɿˮľְ


579 ˵
Ʋأָܿ죬໨˽һܵʱŻָǿжˡ
ӦסԺ죬ļ͵Ȳˡڲµӣļ˵ʵ̫Ѱ
ϸµļ飬ûʲô֮ľı֤֮£߳˲
ųԺʲô
У
ɵش
Ѿ˺ö죬ôˣ
ϵĻش𣬿Ҳֻһʡ
ͣһ£ЩҪ֪
ֹͣУ
ԾüͷҲûзſ˵ȥ
۾ڻ𣿡
һ㣬ǰöˡ
ô컹ûг׻ָˮľϣЩ飬Ǳܲȥˡ
Ĳʳʧ֮ǰҪƵò䲻Ҫдۡ
д⣿
ĻЩǲĽַʵı֤ʲô⣬ǿ̫ˡ
ִ˲Ѿô
ǰֳʱϸһʱû˵ʲôֻ˼뿪ˡ
ô˵أ
ĺס
ϾҲҽߣЩ»רҵ˵
ڸ鷳ӡҵ֮⣬Ҳֻˮľܹ֪һüĿ
컹еʱ䣬ҳȥ߰ɣ
ã
յǲġ
ҵ񣬽ôˣ
ǿɡίǴɱ˹¼ί˸Ͳ֪ɱ˹ʵݣֻҪɱ¼ֹͣһҪõĿͷĿѾ֮ʧ
ô
̫Ӧò̫ߡ
˵ûзʲô󣬼ʱѶúܶԣôӷ쳣֮ǰȥ֧ԮԲܵһʱ˵֪⻹ǰȥ͵ӲƴʵΪЩçײ
Ǻ£̫ǿĻʵ䷴ЧһһȺˣ¾ɲǵΪ
ĺѾ˽ˡ֯صڸʱ򣬾ӦùشԮ
˼ĿͲ߶̫ˣǸˣòŽѵ̫ࡣ
񿼺ˣǿ̳ͨɹô
û¶ۣϣǲСģĵȴˡ
ô򵥾͵ϵģԿӰҲִܾ£ջҪȷĽ
֮󣬿һͯϷʩС԰Ǿ󲿷ľҶСʱֵĳżҲֻٺͬˣϲճŸһС
ȴûжˣõӣ˽ǰµĴѩһߣطԵʪģûжСԸʱ棬ƫƫһźӵĴ˰ռСӵǧòֺ
ιˮľץ͵
źˮľе
ˮľ˲ԶĿһۣǧ߸ߵصȻһԾ䵽ǰ档
㲻͵ôᷢ͵
֪ܵķԣ
ҲΪ˿ˮľﱻСͨСңֵʵ
겻СӣıҲ¶ţ
û£㿴ǻЦô彡׳úܣ
ðɣϲ
ǿߵĺҲ὿һ㺮绹ǳܵסġ
ʲô£ǡ·
ԺЩ飬ҽͲ˵ȽϺá
ԺѾˣ
ˮľһɫ
ôѾˣ
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Щʵ
ˮľЩɻؿľ
ʲôû˵
ЦЦĬˡ
Ӱͬˣ
ţ˵ִ˺ܲף
ڲ治ǰûô˵
ǿϴˣ㲻һ
ϣˮľЦһûϸʣתͷ˵
һϢҪ㣬״ܲãӡ˺ԽԽ󣬲㣬ܻ̫á
ӡʴĳ̶ԽԽҪԣʹ˲ʹӡϴ춹װѶӡ
δɲôʵʵʱţ⡣
һϢǣа취ܹ㣬ҪǲõĻϾҪˡ
𾪵Ϣ
һ֪ԼȻô⣬ҲЩȡ
ҪôҪô߻һ
˵Ĳôѡ
Ļж
ˮľҡҡͷ
˵ҪǰӡΣҲûÿɻˡ


580 Σ
ӡǺˮޣʹòĻԲʲô£ͬ˶ӡķӦҲкܴ
Ȼ޵Ĳתǿ󲢲壬ӡ˺ĵֿҲǺǿ
ʱ䲻ô
һ˼Ȼʵ
ˮľʦ˵Ľķô
˵̫ӣҲҾͳ˵
ˮľ
һַǳװϵӡȻΣգĻܴ󣬲õһǣܺܳһʱڣʵͣͲǰǵˡ
ʵˣʱǶã
岻ò²⣬عƣң
ꣿ̫ˡ
Щ⡣
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һΣԾʹö࣬кܴϾ
ͦĻǲǾûˣ
ôܣ
ˮľòú˵żΪпĻ
Ҳĺʵ٣ǣӴ˾̤һ·뼱ʵӦΣգиͻɥʧҵɱ˹
ɱ˹
ΣԺһһû뵽
ȻˣҲӡô
ˮľͷ
ѾˣñǸҲνĻ͵ûѹˡ
ԥһᣬȻʵ
Ҫעô
ˮľָָ֣ӡλá
ӡֿӵĿ̰Ҳо˰ɣ
ǣǾǴĺְɣ
µûҲһڻлͷĿܣװӡĻһΡѡŵڶ·ǱСһ綾֩ʱڵʱһڽ̵һ̲ͣͬʱҪϵǿ׳ֱǷɶĵ֩롣֮⣬û·ˡ
·˼ô
ɫ任һ֮ƺ¶˾ģҪѡʱˮľȴڰֹֹ
Ȼȥúһ룬ѡʲôڵ״ûа취ʵʩ
ѾˣȻȥúùһɣʲôĶһ㣬ʲôҲҪˣ飬ҲϽȥɡ
ͷӦ֪ˣӴļʡ
ʲôأ
ˮľЦ
ҵ˼˵ʲôûܹģϽȥһ£ҪˣʲôûǺܿϧ

̷֮ǰҪһٷʢĶͷҩε֢ˣҽҲᶣʲôʲôǲģܹ󣬲źϻȪ·
ˮľĻҪ˵ˡ
ˮľĺ˵˵ʵ̲סˣһѰסˮľ߼
ճԺĲˣ
Ǹʧˡ
ˮľһЦϵǸϿûһ˿˼ɫ
˸ǰͷ۵ضԸ
ȻȥϢú
ʱˮľСѽѽؽ
СһЩˣһֱ˵û
ˮľŪ˼Сһ˵Ȼ˵
ȻѡȨ㣬ͺú룬Ҫʵؾδˣҵ˵ΪһЩ鷳ʲô£ΣҪԼ
ˣȻȥˡ
ˮľͿʾһ£ת뿪ˡ
ԼѧԶѹˮľЩ˵
ǰ㲻ô˵İɣһʼӦûʲôΣղŶԣ
ûʲôΣգΪֶθǷûΣաΪĵľҶ֮ӡô򵥵Ķ
ðɣˣΪʲôҪ˵Ļƽ޹ʵظѹѹ
ѹǺ£
ˮľ̾һ
ʱǸпĶϢ͵ǵҲ᲻֪ĥǵ־һʱĳ嶯ľᵽδļѣû㹻ľǲеġܹڵһסȫ־ˣҲֹѡ񡣡
ʱһ뷨ȻͶ࣬ȻͷԷȾѿڶҲһ־Ĺ̡
ĥھͿʼô
㻹ҪϵʲôʱΪʦĲҲˡ˶ãͻΪ̣㻹Ҫ߶ãԼ·ˣģڱԮЩֹ˵ġ
һʼˮľóʱ򣬾ͲµʲôͣͲǰʵ˵֮ѡʣ
ЩΣʲôֲǱĽ֡֡ˮľȻͱȻһİաδ飬ɱǲǣ˼άʽ


581 Դ
̽û෱Ƚڣٽ¾ɽǼ죬˶ʼݼˣֻάְȫıҪλæµ󲿷ִ߲
Ҳ࣬¼ָ֮⣬Ҳû̫Ҫһ֮ѵ÷ɵû˻鷳ȥꡣ
ˮľΪΨĸ߼ɲòһͷãھһ컹Ҫ죬ʣµʱͽûм۵Ŀˣ͵ˮľֱ׳
⣬ʱ仹Ϊֵ¹軹æµһģҲį
ʵˮľżͣЪһ¼ĸ䣬ҲˮľÿһʱҪеĹΡ
ڿ칫ϣˮľһͿҪ˯ˡ
ӺҵҪˣѵ˵߰뼶úôࣿ
˼ˮľڴʱ䣬ͻȻԱߴѯ
ţˮľʦ
ʲô£
ˮľŵ۾һ۲Զڷ¹衣
̿ԣһЩ벻ס
ôѹ
һУȽ̵ţױȵĴͷԣѾǴո¶ͷǵˡ
̿У¹ѾڶΪһԵ٣Ҳͷһ֤ľҶ¶Ŀء
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ѡεı׼֪ʲôҪעĵطܸоҲͷ
Ⱑ
ˮľǿЩ˵Ĳ豭һ֮ɤӡ
벻ҲⲻǿǾܹģְֻҵں֪ʲô̵ЩֶεڣҪ㹻
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¹ЩԺˮľ˵ʲô
ԣΪ߽Уڿ˵̵ֻһ̸˵ֲ϶ֻǼ򵥵Ĺ淶ģ
Щ飬ͷԼ򵥵˿ø͸¹ִļһΪ̫ץסص㡣
ô˵ɣһ⣬Ϊ̿Եһб̭Щˣûʸôúٻش𣡡
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˵ɸѡȻһںʵͬС졣ϣǵ̵ǲġҲǲ⣬ͬѧּ߽ܵͬһʱ̣Ҳࡣ
һ֮¹˵ܹμ̿Ե̣һǸһʱڵٮٮߣʵԾԲȥǲûʸ̣ԭǣǲҪ̡
ܴһ͸ҪҵѧôͷݣҲʡˡ
ѹְ˹꾭Թ¹ʦѹ޴ʱһ;ûʲôɽ̵ˣɣΪʦĳɾ͸Ҳۿۡ
ߣͲһѭ浸صְҵͬʱڣߵҪǲһġ
ˮľ˶٣ƺһЩ¡
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ڵʱսҵʱڣһߵҪĿǰƺЩʱˣֹͬĿɭϲͻݱ̿Զͨ
ľ˷ïɱ֮ΪڣûҪԮʱ֧ԮŵֿɱĽʵȥʧܿܵ²Ԥ֪Ĳغ֮⣬ľ˷ïΪ޹ȷֻϵһѡȻڿ˵ԼĹߣô˵ҲѪˡ
ľҶΪǴЩ۱Ҳ㲻аһ˻һȺˣѵѡ񣬶˵һֱݡδôչҪȥˡ
¹ˮľĻ˼һȻ˵
׼ֶ޹ؽҪҪǣͬѡγˣˡ
Ϊʲô̿ԵĿһͶΪǲǾδʶ̬Ĺؼ
׾ͺã
˵˰죬ˮľ˯ȫޣ˸վ
һ£ˣȻῨҴкã
֪ˣˮľʦԴ̣ǲԳжϵģʲôضҪ
εۣˮľһƵ뿪˾


582 ҷ
ˮľ˵£ҲԣȷʵһЩСҪ
û̫ѣҲ٣һЩҪݷһµġ
ľҶɵԶľҼһϲĵΡ
ѹѾࡣʱ򣬴Ҷڼѵõʱ⣬һ굽ͷҪһǵʱ䡣
ˮľߵһͨ㹫Ԣ¥ǰͣľҶӲֲ࣬һ¥ɱ˾Ӫ߳ĵ棬ϲ㵱Ԣʹá
׼˳¥ȥ洫һ󼱴ٵĽŲһŮһ¥ӭ
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վһ͸ߴһͷɫͷ塢ؿˮľװȽ⣬ԵøɾࡣλСӣĸ״Ұס
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Ұһ͵ľҶûʲô˲ĴʷԨԴԴ꣬СӣĸϵС߼壬ϧѾɢͲɿ֤ˣһһֱ
Сӣα󡢴ҰѿŵŵǸԲ˵ڵ֤
̽磬ĬĬŵʧСʤˮľҲûȤΪһѾڵļ忼֤Щʲô
Ͷߴ˼ͥһ͵ĺӣҲѵõĴˡ
Сӣˮľûм̫صĶֻһӵߵĸĸߵ൱İгܰϢҪˮľŨˡ
ˮľЩСõþĿҰˮľ죬Сӣѵðæ˲ˮ
ĸ˵СӣڼＸɣеĽڣһʱߡ¡
ĸײͣض¶Լڼ£СӣҲβѣͣرԹҰһЦؿ˶졣
ͨҹ˼ҵĸףʵԺӼΪĵĸףǲĻСӣԸ񣬶̳ĸ
ˮľʱ䶼ǿ˽ҰѿɫشСӣò˲⣬ˮľĵһһش
Ϊ˸ĸǹľӶࡣ
ˮľϾǾͥ˵Ѿ˲õĴˣЩǿġ
ȻˮľҲйһЩõĴԣĿӰֶûмƽϣһȻҷʵǿս׿̡
˲һᣬˮľǡ첻ʺϴű̫ãԼҲؼˡ
뿪Ұңˮľڻؼҵ·ϡ
Ƭ֮һӰˮľһ
оô
ʦҷһˡ
ԭɣ
пܡ
Щļ䣬ͬļֵۺ˼άϰߣóĽҲ̫࣬ܶ뷨Ҳǡ
Ӧе࣡Ҳûѹˣֹ⻷Ȼڸ߼֮ͨĽ˼ĸҡ
ӸλԾľٶܶ˹˼ᣬģԼȻûʲôһȵ뷨ʱʱ̿Ҫ˼ɱ˸ܵĽʽǾе㲻ڡ
ǺͿЩ߽Ƚɡ
ۣȺ֣ͬĽײġڲͬ˻ὥֽϰʧȥǢĻ
СӣĸĸѾǺദˣҪǲ̫ɣ
򵥵عݲҲ̫ˣҲһԼ罻ơ


583 ر
ЩµˮľʶԼݵλѾ˿˼ɵʴӵĵزˡԼȴûⷽ׼뾭飬ͬദʱ򻹺ãİ֮ĽȷʵһЩЭ
Լ̫ãһЩ˱Ҫ֮⣬ʵԭ˵ĽѾ˻ô
ΪҪԲ⣬ͱˣýˡɳϲãҪ鷢õҪġ
Ż㲻飬ˮľƿ˼š
ȥʱˮľСǶ磬ͱ֮ҡٹ£ӶҪѽѧˡ
ˣ
ɱůͶˣ˶ȥˡ
ţ˭ô
³¹⼲ϦС˲
㴦һ°ɣпҲҪȥʺһ¡
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鷳ˡ
ȻչŮʵæϾŮĳɳҪáһ߼˾һ߻Ҫ£ʱҲͷˡ
æʱһںʹûҪҲиָ鷳ҪûУСûٹȥˮľõɭֵĽ磬Ϊٽ̿ԣһЩܻ֮иָ¹Ҫˮľȥˮľż͵̫ˣ飬ԶԶ˾ְΧ
ҲûʲôֵģְλӰָɸԼǰѧУʦִйܼصԲɱжͬİԽˮľһӡ
ȥҪģҲûʲôãžһߣѧ˽ʮʹ˻ķˣܸоеϧ
˾ͺá
Сܵ˵Ҫǿˮľġ
ˮľԱƣƺͲȽϳڣڰԭˮľ֮ǰˮľľһҪǿܶࡣȻϲ㣬ȴȽϿɹۣϾΪ˵ڲǿʶԶԶ̽ԭסģֱӺôǸ֪񣬸Լ˲ơ
СسͼΪˣͷԲ˼ݣڷӡͽ൱ĻΪѵõǣڲʱ仯ԼںϵˮľΪۣղʵˣչ·ߣвǰ;
ϧǣ˻̫ѳˣΪŮߣƣ·;һ룻ϸ⣬ϰһϢһǰžСӣ磬ֻüҪЪҪһ㡣ˮľֻҪȫʹɷǧûĹһ죬ǲˡҲףԽѵʱʼûⷽʣǻ·Ƚʵڡ
ѣ׶ֲģʽͱųСسķչʵңȻͻƣֻѰⲿˣЧĵȻβ˶εģͨˡ
βʱûʲôԵķ֣ԼҲûͨʥĴУʱֻ취
С߷չʲôԺ˵컹ǺͼɵضȹȽϺá
ˮľչСʱȽϳҲö࣬ΪʲôǱȽϲ㣿
СҳԺ󣬳˸տʼһ±ȽѰ֮⣬ʱ仹ǱȽϰġƽʱʱ䣬˶ȽæСʵܱȽ϶ࡣ
һģһĸףеֲɣԺҪͷͬʱ
ˮľЦ˵
УιԡǺ˯Ǵȥ档
߶ĸ׺;ȥʶĸףˮľСеĵλȽҪ
ԺҴȥ档
ҲҪ
û뵽СϾȻô档

ûйٵĸ߼꿾QԳɰ˹ˮľؿԿ⡣
Ǽӵܣ˹꣬㻹Ǯ
ˮľԿڸ֮ǺԣؿθڵǲһѸ߼Ƭӡ
УõҵӶ𡣡
ӿ
ŵ㣬ǺòײŴĻ
һ٣һµĹʿܶá
Щ۵İ˹꿴ؿˮľ
ر飬ǻʲô
ؿʣµѧɢʮ࣬ڰ˰ࡣ
ô죬˭Ҫͨ󶪷֮ɰȥ
Сӣ쵼ǿĶѾˡ֮£쾭ḻֶȫ棻Ȯڣеϴġ
в㣬ֻ̿ҪǰֱӶԿĸ̨֮ǿ޹ؽҪˡ


584 ѱ
̿Ծһݵ̨ȥǴιע̫࣬Ҫ˼ɵĵط٣Ҳǿ
ξͲôˣûʲô͵˲μӿԣ󲿷ֶľҶڲܱߵ̶飬̿һ㣬õ̴˵ֶ׼Ҳһ㡣
԰ǰӦöʸΪ̣ҪǱûʲôɫĻƽҲЩҪ׵ģȥɰų棬Ȼ̫ңϹҲס
ΣͿôȨˣɰٰ̿ԵĿģľҶսԲ࣬Ҳ̿Եչʾʵĺûᣬ϶ѡһЩ͵߲μӿԡ
עȺľҶ϶ûȣ¾ˣӰҲ
С棬Գɰ˹ĵʮΪƣκɽоҰǲǿֻ¹ļҴսϵҪ󼫸ߣûһӳ̿Կܻ࣬ǱǿܹƽʱʵŻӭԾ̿ԣ˵ҲǸһ
Ժ£˵ɡ
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ΪӵʦԴӷչִ£ʱҲĲҲ̸ֻ֮İˡ
ûãСۻҲɢˣµһոտʼܶǧͷҪ塣
⼸û񣬵ˮľҲ¿վҽƲפڴһҪѱ࣬ŵġҽԺθĳ˵Ȯޡͨ޶ָܹơ
˵սǼΪҪòء
ľҶҽԺʬ崦ԼȰƽĲţֻãһҪĹܣǾս
ˮľ£һСӵĶԱȮڣŵĳԱ֮һ
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죬ˮľ׼ȥ
ռعҩ԰ɭֲһѱطǺܴҪѱһЩͷԴСͲ鶯һȦ͹ˣò̫ĵطǡ
ˮľ͹Ĳ̫Ľŵضн¥ߣֱǳ¥Ĵһ͸̫߻С˼ȦѾǻʵľˡ
ԶȥڵϵľܼΪۣ䲻ŭʱ̬ǺܺģǶ³һë̬ڸסˡ
ˮľǰ
Ȯڣڽ̵̫һЩʹ÷
Чô
УóȻѵȮĲ鶯Ҳûо飬Ȯ໹ǱȽƵģȻֻͷӴ˵㡣
Ǿͺá
̵Ļˮľͨ޿϶ȮڣĳûȣǱҲ磬ϵƻǼΪԵģˮľֲҪһӰȮд㡣
Ȯڣˮľһͨ޵״̬֮˵
ͷܴܺͨҪǿö࣬мвٰҪĻҲ⣬ôĶ죬Ȼû˿Ҫߵļ󣬼
ȻҲӴһЩҪߵޣ󲿷ֶΪ鷳ѵյŸĵϰԣǰĲ̫ΪЩԼıܱĳЩ˺ƻˡ
ô
ˮľεЦЦ
ֻǸͷ΢˵ľܣڸִݲ֮»ܻѾѵˡ
鷳ˣκá
ף
Ȯڣͷ
ҲڵʱҲ˿ܣٹһʱӦþͲˡ
һֻЩмƵͨޣˮľΪģʽϣ˻ǲĺö
ڽеһˣ
Ͼֻǿʹãû񴫳ʹø
ˣ͹ˡ
ǹ˵˽µĻг񣬽µѵֻҪﵽҪ͹ˡ
һ㶼ˣơ̵ѵսÿһҪǮôĿͷÿ׼ĻʳһʿҪʱ䣬ʻķ׬˲Ǯˮľݲͷܡ
Ԥô˳Ļ̫һΪǿ׳޴ͬʱǻ۵ľȻϵʹҲἫΪɹۡ
Ҳ;߱ʵʩһЩսĻ
пܵĻˮľȻһͨޣǿģĿǰҲֻܰһɵֶΣôҰӣСʹһ¶ѡ


585 ѹȸ
ͨ޻Ƿǳõģָ˶ʹβ޲
β޻˲ʹõĸߵȼս̬ģʽʵҪߡ
ûдеͨߣҪҵһõͨ޶Ƚѡ
ˮľҲѲ̫£ֻЩܻõС͵ӴҰӣ˵ҲҪͨްæʱ
ԭǴץģҲǲζڵǲô˷ˡ

ʼתůľҶҲ죬߷׷״ݼзعλһæµҪˡ
֮Ƿ˳ˣм˵Ȼֺԣռݸ֮صĻ֮̽ǿҲ졣
ϺĶȥֵ˴ůļڣľҶůٶȺܿ죬Ƕϣĵطռ֡
ϢϵظȾŴÿһˣʹ˵ĴԶϵĻ
÷Χѵ˽һµǲָȻ͸˳֮֮УѾӰڲսķˡ
Դǲ֮ӶŶǲĳ޵һ˼һ⡣
Ծ˼ľʱ֪Լ˲֢֮ȴ֪ʣµһ΢ĻᣬǹӲдضȹðһǸ˼Ϊ尾鿽ʡ
ʱðǲǿˮľƭԼͷѸٵؽԺ
ÿʧߵҹԼѾ¶˾ģϼ⣬ֻľĴǡ
ǰԼѾȫֱľ񣬲Ż̵ᵽЩνľǶôĿЦ
ÿʱҲѵõȥɢɢġ
Ϣжȹʱѵƽʱ򣬿˼ڵӣԼҲ᲻Ծػ
Բǿô
ǲķ̣һһʱ̴ԼУó޵һ̶ֺ
ܣԣļһԲܹŹ
ʱļ尾սΣաвҪӡ̣ʯ֮ѡ񣬿Լʵսܣνһµʱ䣬ԼᵽԼĵѡ񵽵Ƕôĳء
һ˿ѩڻɾʱѾԥĺܶǴע⣬һ˾ƿľ칫ҵĴš
ʱ򣬿ˮľ̿ԵһЩţ֮˫˫ŤͷЩ㲵
ûò֮ǰŶ֪ڵ˰
ˮľ͸֪ϤĲû뵽ôżɫʱӦϹĥ˲˼
ʧˡ
˵
ǰЩʱǸ⣬ˣʵҪģðԡ
ô
ˮľ΢΢һЦתͷԿ˵
ҽˣʱֱӴȥҽԺҡ̿Եİ⣬ͰǰĲύִ˰ɣһе£ˡ
̿ûˣԼѧҪȥһ£һʱԱΪʦȥʵһ¡
߳ȥˮľʱļ
ȻʱǧҪŰ
üͷˮľ˳ȥ
ˮľʦҵѡ񣬺ô⡭
ô᣿
ЩεЦš
Ҳ̫æ˰ɣ˵ҸطúϢһ£֮ǰȥҽԺš
Ѿ׼ˣ
Ȼľʲôˮľ֮㶼ҪҽԺɼ죬ʡ

ҹĻ٣ľҶҪɵҪص㴦·½½ֱߵСҲ׷׹ƯĵȽϺҹӪҵ
Щص飬ԼľҶҽԺˮľˡ
ϣԭΪԼٳϵˮľȽأû뵽ʱͿһڳӡ
ô
ûУҡҡͷ
ҪҪ㣿Щ㲻̫ҵĿζ
ˣ
һᣬҶеԱ˵
ӵУˮľͿ̵ر߳Աģ˺þòյسꡣ
ˣ߰ɡ
ˮľǰͷͿں棬¥ʹõػĳѾһ顢ԵüΪտ
ϻ˵ˣ꣬ףҺ˰ɣ
Ϊʲôô˵
ˮľ¶һЦ
ֻãܺáҪǲСһٺҲûʲôá
ðɣһξýԼˮľǲзˣϧͷҲˡ


586 
벼һɵķӡƽľ񲨶ͬʱҲòи˳ͻ䷢⡣
ˣܻǿ磬ֹ¹ʵʱ򲨼ˡȻˮľͿʧصĿԺСҲҪñҪ׼
ĸˮľʵ־ķĺĺɫ
ˮľҪڷӡ룬ˮľ⿪аӡȻ󳹵׼ӡ֮ӡǰδٶӵȫ
տʼӲһԣͼӲʹ˺ѸСûþ̲סҽ۵˹ȥ̱ڵϡ
ǲ˵Ķû뵽Ƶ¶Ǳ֮ɫ
Щǵؿһż廹Ĳ
ġ
ĽʱһвԱⲻҪĸš
Ҫ೤ʱ䣿
˵ĵ̶ֿȣʱԽʴԽʵҲԽࡣ
ǰˮľͺͿ˵ˣӡһ˫нܹܵס˺һΪ
ӡ״̬֮󣬾ǱȽƵ˻״̬ˣšˡֵĶôǼ򵥵
ԽΣյԽǼɻһ֪⣬Ͱˮϲεḡ֮ױӡ˺
Ȼϴ춹ʹӡȫӡʴǾͳᱻջñƽӡ״̬ٽ㡣
䲻֪ʲôʱͻδ֪ıʡͻȻ֮ӡ󱬷֮Īĵطʹһѣ׻ӡֻгʹò˽ƿӡ
ʱԭбǿмӡѾһ࣬ʵҲǿ˲١
ĸı䣬δȫǺ¡
ࡢǿ׳ҲԽ㣬ӡĵֿȻԽǿƾʹ֮⣬Ѿһǰ򵥵ؾͱӡ״̬ˡ
⸣У
ӡʴԽѣѵʱԽĸԽףֻҪܹͦȥջĺôȻԽࡣ
ܵʹĥԽ࣬ܵĶЧԽãҲ˲иŬ֮ӦûõĽ͡
˽һСʱԭؿڻĺҲʼûճͣ
ף
ˮľûסеľȡ
ôˣ
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֮ӡϾֻǸƷǰľ֮ӡ״̬ʱ״̬ĺѹǲ̫׼ȷ
Ҳӵ˵ˣ״̬ȶܹ֮øǿԺΣҲԽԽ
ҲʵʰɣеΣգøǿ
ˮľ̾һתͷԿ˵
Ȼøִһ˰ɡ
ѾΣյҪ붯ִ˵ĵزˣ
ûУ֮ƿܱиء
ӡһֻҪʹãͻӵ߲Ӧ˻ϣѹեǱǿʵȻǰܻС
ˮľҲͻؽӡϣᷢʲôЧ
ʵĽܸˣǰˮľڷ֮ɳĮв׽Ĵľ״΢ÿһ㡢һȫʬ֮⣬ɳĮϡɳЫȵȣȫ˼ؼǿ֮ɻҡ
Բѣûǿ־ѹӡƽȵطҲûӷӡƵĻлһȼϣӡͺñ淢һʽӦӣЩ˱һѸȼе
־ܹطӦٶȵ̼ӡķӣܱըĺ˵ɿɿصķӦѣȶԹʹá
ӡһ״̬ӡ״̬ǽ̲ȶͻ䣬ʵϵĻɱ˹ʵǱȽĽ
ٽҹʩˮľ۵ùǺһԹ۲Է¹ʵˮľ嶼Щƣ
ˣ֤漣ʱˡ
⻰ղѾ˵˺üˣֹһСʱû꣡
ĸҲѾһʱˣûѹ
ֻϺɫĲϵðЩЩɵϢԽԽŨ
Ŀˡ
һԵŵĸֶ˶ߣʹĺʵѾƽ˵ʱܻѹ
˹עУԻһź˶ˮľ״ӻʾʵͣĺȻ÷֮뿪䡣
ɹˣ
ЩȷŵؿŨȫԭеĳ̶ȡ


587 
䲻˵⣬ҲһԷӳ״̬οΧһȦϺɫĲԲͨɫ
ѹֵӶϢɢ
ֱʱͷ­΢͵Ż۾
¶ƤѾӡȫȾñɫͷΪƤһ͸ĻҰɫ
ڸո۾ԭɺд۸Եа죬ͫöԽʾӵȹ̡
ƺԶ˵Ĺ۲죬ڲ͵һԾɢݵʼգ䲻ղʢˣƷӵˡ
Ӧûʲôɡ
ˮľɫЩӣֻǽԭڶظһ顣Ȼʱ͵ص㶼ˣҲȫһԼû飬ֻ˵ˡ
˹עУɫһӡ״̬˻ʼչ¶ǰ
컯壬ιǸֵ¡ͳһԷ˵֯ڿС
ˣͷҲƴһĶŨܵĺڻɫͷ֡
ҲʹһȦԭԵҲһĪǿ׳ӡ
ĸı䣬ǲӵķȼΪˡ
ӱ֯һֵĳ
ˮľԤһ˫ģĳͬ״צĳªģ
צĵУ趯ĳԲװ϶ܹеڽ֮УŲӿһ˿˿ϸСм
׹⽣Ϊչ˸ı䡢ƫƣʹ˻ҲЩô
ԭҲô򵥡ͣˮľӡеӡ״̬ܵҩʦʹҩǿŵһЩͻ䡣
Բ̼ĳٶȣҲĻᷢһЩı仯
ԭӦֲȫ淢չΪ̵ϵƫģĽ̵ʹ׶ϵķչԤߵҪԶöࡣ
Ӧ֮Щ˫һȣ΢΢𸡣ٴΰתһĻǽգ֮ͱƣɢĲʧڿС
ЩǵĿüͷͼǰֹΪȴˮľһס
ˣҪԺеǻᣬ㲻ڲ϶ɼ죬ܼͣ顣
ʧˡ
ˮľĻڲǵεʱ»õȫòǺ¡˿Щİ˫֣ӡ˥ˣķģٴαаӡѹơ
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ӡڻԾ״̬죬ܹûιȥѾǲˣȫʲô¡
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Ӧûˣˡ
ˮľ̲סһǷҹѹôˣٹĸСʱҪˣˮľҲû뵽Ứôʱ䡣
ڣ࿴飬ǻϣʹдۣʵǱ
˵꣬ˮľһ˲Ͳˡ
ô
ͷ˿Բѵ
˵ʲôǿû̵ģǾдۻˡ
ǲ˸û취ʹдۻڻϻ죬ԶԶοԼҲϲսʹûͣЩԼûøãȻҲû̸ôĻ
ⷽ棬ҲֻܼϣǲĻ㹻ͬʱʶһܹͨȻá
˵˵ȥȫҪԼȥС
ǰ˯ŵһߵĲϣϺʵıӡ紺ҹǺģҪɾͲˡ
ô
ЩΣˮľĻʵ佻СӣϷ˯֪Ժд۲һϵͳƫڷӡ
ϦպѵõĻ֣ĻۺԼҲ࣬Լ̵Ҳ˶١
ѾҪȫдۡʵķԾĵزˣȻ֪һĵԶˣûҪֻǼӡʹﵽһ


588 
ˮľҵʱСػš
ôû˯
æµ˴죬ˮľҲеƣ
Сϲ˯һû㣬úܲģѾѹˡ
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飬ˮľԤ˺þãһֱûҵʵĻᡣ
ûм̳дŲûлȡԤеĳɾͣһأ
ǲԳģŸǹ֮Ĵڡ
ֻҪΪǿȻ¡ܴܲﵽ̳˴еĵزˮľҲûס
һ뵽Ҫǳ˲ԼҪȥǲߡǴͲľҹսˮľһ
Ҹ᳹׼ӡϵʵڿʼϿ쳵ˮľ˼֮ľ
ӡд۵ĴڣķչڳǱޣڸ߶ʵûѡ
ģʽβ޻Եֻг׷ӡƣٶʵ
ͲдôһҪԵ飬ˮľôġ
䲻̫ͬǲѡ񣬵ʵֵÿ϶ģ֮ǰһšܵͲдۡ
ڣҪҲǱˣԼ֮⣬ˮľʵû취ʩӰ죬ֻܼϣһɳ͹ˡ
ˮľ˸ˮʱ򣬷СûϢ
ʲô£˵ô
Сҡҡͷ
оرƣ룬Ƿʲô飿
ߵʮ㣬һϲ˯Ҳûʲô⣬ؼγɵӻᵼ¾ϼΪ뵡
ûУڻǺƽʱڣ¡
ڣ
СЩǵʵ
Ǿ˵þҪˣ
ûôţ
ˮľЦЦ
ֻепʱúܿѡ
ʵʼˮľʶԼһֱǵĲԶˡ
֮Ĳ༫󣬾Բʲô̡̡ĵȼ־ʾġ
֮ǰˮľʵ֮ͨʵԱȻҪŵöࡣ˵䲻Ļ±۾ֻһָͷˮľܽ
ʵĲһ̶ȣȫû취óˡ̽粻RPGϷֵÿ˵ˮƽ
ʵĺ蹵ԶԶֲö࣬ˮľߣǰĹŴһ׾٣ŪڹҲһ֮
ȫԸѾֵˮľĿˣսĻҲһһСĵĻܻ
̽ĵԭͰĽᱻشƣʵѹ֮·Ӧ˽ΪǧĴͲľҹƻļƷ
ڼΪΣյģͨƽ²ߣˮľֿ̽̽ʵǿߡ̴Ӱʵǿ̡
ʵȨ̽ٵʱ׵ľЩˣˣ߸Ⱦ͵ö
СԺһʱУ߻ǲܽϰսܶġ
ˮľ˿Ѿ˯Сңһ֪ĺǳԱ֮ܿĵˣ磬Ȼ丸ĸΪڷ絲ꡣ
֪ˣ
СڴӦǰˮľͼ¶ĪΣУˮľʵߣѾܾû˵ƵĻˣû뵽ȻᣬһСעʵҪ֪ˮľʵ͵λס˶ûаյΣգǾ;ԲһСˡ
ţʱϤһ¡
һõľᱻ˹ȥ
еͨͨ޵ϣҲóôǿѪսһ£еĻ취
ɵֶΣȻԽʵԽã˷̫ʱ䣬˸õİ취滻Ҳùൣġ
ʵƫģСʵ̫ˣˮľֻܽϣβϣҲˮľҪصоҪ⡣

̿ڶһԺ͵ڶɭŶսˮľûȥѧɷӡ
Ѿǵβμ̿ˣҪǰضˣọ̃ҩʦΪ˱ӣֻʧĴΡ
ʱǶ֮ǰƽʱˡ
ʱ˿̣鷴Ҫ
֮ٴγԺݵص˰Сǰ̽˵ǿأڽ̣˼֮ͬˡ
Ƹеֵֵ̣ںƽʱ顣ǡʱһ֮ле𺳵ϢɰһβҰѾΪˣͬʱͼҰϷӰ֮λϢ÷з
֮ȣľҶиǲŹ³Ϊ̣治ʲô¡


589 ֮
Ҫʮˣ͵̣ľ̡ʮ̣Լǲʮ̡ʮΰֶӳǲһ㡣
ʱžޣ󾢲ŲɵǿҲżʣΪ̲ʲô¡
ǰʸҲǸֵһֿ
ʵȻˣۺȻвġ
ˮľǺ̻̣һͬѧͬ鲻һֶܵԱȡͬĽʵǿӰĵزеˡ
̰Ѳμ̿ԵǴ̼ùǺ
ܹЩļһǶһ㶯ҲǲĽ
ˣ֪Լ׷ĿѾˣ֪ʲô顣
ľҶΨһǲ̤׷Ĳ·֮ʱһӵд۵֪꣬ڲ֮ܽѵ
һãȻͷԵؿҪԼΪˮľ
ҵʲô
ԳΪϣһˮľڼ䣬չҴܳһʱ䣬ûи˵ʲôŮб
֪ʣΪΪ
һ֪꾭˽һĽ̵֮鶼ѾѲˣӣҲ
ΪżҲһʱ䣬ˮľҲ뿴ûп˵£ҴʲôΪ
£Ҵһֱãʱƣ˼ҲԽԽӡ
Ȳʹò˼ӣ״Ĵ̼дҲ˫Ҳʱѵõջ
Ҳʼ죬ΪҩãԲһǲרݣˮԲ̫֮⣬ӦԶܲ
״̬⣬ʵҲԱټ϶εжҲûˮľϲ˷֮󣬾ͷڲ֮ȹ꣬չ֮ˮľһֱûô
⼸Ϊ͸Խ֮ˮľ˻һԼһߵҴ塣
йһ֮鿴һĺ壬ȴ֪˲˵Ϣ
͵ǲԵģǼΪӵΪ
ˣͻң
Ҵ嵮ʱ䲻С˼һ㶼ȱȻˮľǰ̵ôֱ˺ŮˡˡͨˣǺΪǽ̵֮أû뵽ΨһЩĵطԼ΢ſ֣ͳ⡣
һƺŮ֮ľ޴죬ճ˵ĽУʶЩݣԾ͵͵ȥ͵Ůã㱻֣Ȼˮľˡ
ҪǱ˶ߣᱻһŪȥ
дʵΪƱ磬Ҵ壬Щ鲢ûб־ܵڵġ
ˮľڰ֣Ȼ˵
µĻʳľŷͷѡĳɶ㣬ʲôʱʶԼĴٸĻ

ԵĲȫûˣҴ⡣
Ǹ̫ѳˣɶҪɱģ
ðɣʵң͵Σ
һΡ
˵꣬Ҵ͵һۺ岻ɫȻæĿڡ
ԣΡҪ߰ûƭ㣡
˵ţҴ弱æסߵĺ½ǡ
һλᣬڼΣ
ΣǵߴΣ
ֱʱҴе㲻˼ش
㻹ǳϢ˰
һְֻҴԴȻݺݵ˵
ҽѧôʹдۣһֵط˴۽硣ӽ쿪ʼ㻨Ǯ롭
ɣ
Ҵе
Ҳ̫ˣǶôֻǿ˶иĸүү̡⹫ţΪʲôҾûУ˵ֻ˺Ů˽Ϊһ֮СǴģ
֪˺Ůʲôͬ
ˮľЩ㵣û뵽Ųһ࣬Ҵ嶼ڿЩˡ
Ҳѹ֣ҴĵԺͨ˲һ
¶ʶûоͥɣкܶ飬ǽһ㳣ʶ͹˵ġ
˵˼ʵ
롣
ɻ⣬´βôçײˣôɶĳɷѣǮͷΪһ¡
Ҵһˮľתͷ˵
Ϊ㣬չҴ壬ҲӦð¾ͽˡ
ףǽ㣿
ԱԼ곤һҴЩɻȻƽʱЩɵû뵽ȻԼС
ʲôԼ˵˽ͣ뾡Ҵ˺Ů֮Ĳ֤ͬԺٷִҪչ˵ĿɲֻʳӣɽҲ񡣡
ǣ
ЩΪѣòͷӦ


590 ǻ
ܺһע£ˮľҲϣֻû뵽˿Цõ顣
ˮľʵ֪ʱʵ޷Լ顣
һ£ʮһ˿ɵɺдۣһؿŮãϻʱ¶˼ѧɫַЦԷǵĸоʵ޷ݡ
⵮ҴԽԽһˡ
˼άĳ죬ˮľһĪ΢С
һˣ֮Դдȫ̽綼۲ѵѪ޽磬ϴӡӵԵĴɱˮľʦְֵɣ̽мִ
ɵһ㣬Ҳû̫ʱ̵ɳ˵Ϊһǿߡ
ֻϧͲľҹڼˮľ軨ʮʱ̵Ҵ塣
Ҳֻһʱ͵̽ĶԹҴ޹أֻϣܹ⼸Ĵ粨ɣ
ôûףˮľҲûǵҪָһǲ¡˵ĵز֪ôܵԼûƾ֣ҴܹʲôΪ
ҽЩС·ŵһߣˮľ˸͹鱨Ұ޽ҪĿӰĴȷʵǿѨ磬ҲˮľԤ֮Уɰٰ̿ԣҰ޵һԷӰࡣ
ˮľ뿪֮ɰıҲʱжţˮľϵҲûôġ
ֻ·ʱˮľеӡɰٰ̿Խ֮󲻾ãβܽͱǶͷɶ°ˡ
βĸнһʱ䣬ȽϺò׽βޣѾĹע֮£ʼɵչɱˡ
󣬡֯ͻῪʼ̽жУػľҶ壬ʱ䲻˰
Щʱβ߱յϢˮľѾ֪ˡ
ϸ޹ؽҪߴڱ֮УˮľҲһ
̴ֱ֮һ׽Ҳֻ˥ɰŻСɲǶľ֧ɰ壬ֻҪڲ⣬Ҫץס߿ɲס
Σյ̴βˮľҲû̫õİ취ֻܱصš֯ţȻȥԮϣܸϵü
ˮľǵ壬βľʵǿβ޿Ҳڣټ岻ӽĴĿӰ̫ԵͲмӺĿǰȫڹԮ״̬
ʱˮľһĪڸƽԼɵĺЧӦĸ
ʵԽǿǾϵĸԽεԽ͸Խܹᵽɰ֮ЫѰ֮ʱ֮Դǲȫԡ
ˮľռβ޲ûԼΪҲûùĵ˳Ϊ˼ôܹʡȥˮľѵʱ䡣
ܿƵΣβֻҪԼģܹҵЧķơ
ԭη壬ʮβĸƺ޿赲ˡ
ҪҪһΣ
ˮľûִľУҲβ漣
ÿһˮľѾ׼ĵطϸ룬ʵ©
ɰ屻֯͸üһ˭֪浽׻жټϸ
͸ˣǲﵱ˺öˮӰ֪ﲼ˶ٺ֣Ҳ֪ؾͽ߸ץˡǸŵˣͲһļһ͵Ϯ֪ʲôµ֡
βάԭ̬ϣóŷһֽţҲûʲô̫಻ͬһҪ˵˵øأƺҲû̫
Ψһջɱ˳ɰ֮Ы͵ϴˮľЩοʱ䣬ԼΪҲһǴ
µˮľٴοڰ칫ҵϴ˯֮䣬طļܡ
β޲ʵĽչȻоǽչ٣ļ֮ʱ䣬ˮľҲǿһϸĿԱˡ
ˮľýҲһʱ򣬸ӵﵹһϢ
дۣ
ˮľȵû뵽ŲػǣдΪʹýʧұ۵ƽѾƣٰöǲֹˮͲдֻۣʣˣһθǿȵսܾȫĸɾˡ
ˣţ
ԭӦ˵Ļҷ꣬û뵽ţȻһΪӵд۵ߵͬ顣
ߵĽ̵ԭȻƻֻŲĽеԵɣǾʮֵζˡ
ԽԽ˼ˡ
ղŻڸ̾Ըı䣬û뵽ת۾ͷ˲Ŀ⡣


591 
̽սѸٰθ֮Ͳд۵ӵǲŷ׷ܺǸд۵Ķã־Ųأϼһиı
ؤܺˣȫܺǱ䣬ܹʹĲܳƵܺ
־ŲطֳһдۣȻΪһߣ϶ϣһǿͲд۳ΪԼ
ԡߵѡηдΪͲдۻܡ
ĥҡֻ֪ӵû㹻ľ񲨶Ͳдۡ
չдۣûиĹ޷֧ġ
дۺƿأľѾ˷ǲ˵ļޣҪһʵд壬ô̵ʱ䣬Ųؿ϶
¡ô͵͵ռһЩȫҩİɣΪ˱ƽ⣬òͬϷ
ͬԣȻҪһĿֶΡ
ϣϼһҪˡ
ͲдȻ鷳ҲڿƷΧ֮ڡ
ˮľɲΪͲдۼϳϸֻܹۣô򵥣Ųغǲͳɹˡ
һͲдۣѡؾͶˡ
¶ĴУûܶǲܺӻˡ
ǲֻܺбӻãֻҪܺУˮľںߡ
¶Ѫ޵ĻôҲ벻˱ʡܺΪ͸ͲдԻļ£Ӧֿܹͬһʵ¶
˵Щ̫ԶҴ廹ҪĿ¡ˣΣУܲƽдۺͳϸҪ۲졣
ʤްɣҴһָ˵ⷢ
ԭˮľ˼·ðۡģʽϢռĳԾǿǿпתۡ
˺˱ʡ󲻶õĻҲֻһˡֶλû֤ǲܳɻöֻ֪ΪҽĲơ
һˮľȽ⣬ȻŲ㹻ȫҩһ¡ˣôϱȻ㹻ҩˮľǵġ
Ѿ¶ĵƲΪǣ־ŲЩҩЩˮľ֪顣
ŲǱҲҪǿӡ
𣬵ҲҪֹ֡

죬̿ԵڶųᣬҲǽʱһ죬ڰ˰͵ʮ඼˳ͨˡ
ʱ̫ãԭڲμӵڶ࣬ʵ̫ƽļ֮⣬ûѹ
̿ԻӴѡȣľҶμӿԵĶࡣ
ԸΪ׵ľҶ߲Ҳûгҥʹúܶ˶Ϊ档
ʵҥҲ̫Զ
κϸ̣󲿷ֶᵣһսְλǲ䵽羯ŲȣԽսǿ߽ų
û˵ȷʵĬĬӦԼıʡ
ȮڣĽ̵һµʱ䣬ˮľҲ֪ýʲôˣͶ÷չѧҪ̫ġ
ˮľ飬ʹ۶ݡԼˮϵơ
ȻҪĻβ޲о
ֺƿصˮľҲͼԴͷҵȫõķܿϧֱΪֹûʲôͷ
״ˮľҲе㽹꣬ȡβ޲ʹβ޻ˮľŻǹջʹãʵ̫ûЧˡ
ˮľ֪Ȼý飬ʵҲûȥ
ھβģʽʱ򣬿ֱӽβ޲ֵÿһϡԴľݡ罵˺
Ȼ¶ܹʵ֣˵β޺ֱ֮ӵϵԾ׼ؽβ޲Ͷ䵽ϡ
еʵҵֻܼϣСӣǱʲôˡ

̿ԵǰļЪԼȡΪ½ˮľʵ˻ѩǵ˪֮
ϴôԶĵطΪ˲׽βϡ
½ı⣬ԭĿĵֻ֮˳֮ˮϵһ·̽Ѱ˪֮
ԭ˪֮ҪϷڹ֮Ҫߺܶ࣬ԭѩˮڻ֮γϷƽϵ͵Ĺȥ
֮۴ˮٲ֮صòԵɡ
һǰˮľ֮һûκٲˮ̶
ʱں棬ȡһˮȥһֱûôϣʵҲûκη֡
ֱЩˮľٴιעˮʱͻؾãٲԴͷѰ˵ջ
ǣ½ȥ֮˳ٲһ·Դϡ˻ڱѩص˪֮


592 
˪֮ϷĹң̫һ㣬Ҳ
ԽѩԽʵϲѩڣããѩû˿ıļ
ˮܲĵҵһ˿Դףڱѩ֮£ҵˮľҪ͸ˡ
ʱˮľò°֮УȡһЩˮһЩԼҪҵһ֧
ȥС
ûʲôƵĻѰҲֻܰ;ˡ
ѣ½ֻûȥȱ
֮½ٴ˪֮һΣ˰۵İٶǿ˲١
ңЧ
Щ⣬ʲô˲Ĵ£ôĵое˷ʱ䡣
½ɫЩصصͷ
ֵܹ֮ɱˮ̶ˮǧ֮˪֮ҵͬĶȻ޷ˮﵽʲôΣʣܻܿһЩ˵Ĵ֡
䲢ûôɺϣ֮һź˿ڣֻʱûҵѡ
˪֮Ķˮ˳£һѵĳӰǧ֮֮
ɲʲôС¡Ҫ֪ҵĶҩôϡ뽵⣬ͽӰøɸɾ
ⲻͨĶˮȫҩûκ֣˵ΪϸС΢ﶼڣǻʵġˮǾǺ˷ʱ䡣
֮ԣϡ͹ˮܹǿҵϸڣ˪֮ҵˮˮľеɻ̽ȻϸܴˮǴżǿĿġԵѰң˭עЩһۿȥûκˮ˴Ĳͬ
ﶾشݲôľ룬ҲûκΪļҲ²һˮеá
ðɣϣе㷢֡
Ҫǹ۲꣬ĿǰĲصӦüڴڣǴҰӣϣҪСӣϰٿβ޲ı仯ҲҪ֤İȫ
⣬ŲغҲбҪע
Ҫ£ôĹطʵڲһ顣
С֮æµ½齫һˮϣЩ˵
ԶˣҪҵľǰˡ
⻰Ѿǵ˵ˡ
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ðۿ
֪ˣ
˫ֽӡٴοۣɨָķ
ʲôûУֻһ°ӣһܶһСĵ»϶ǿյģʲôûСףԣ
ͻȻͣĵĻͻȻ¶˲˼ɫ
ˮж飬塣
أӿ˽µĲٵ쳣ĵطǰ
һ㣬СΣգ
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׾˵
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ǲͰ׾ĵ»أʮ׾ŵı
˲õķ֣һʱѪĵ飬û뵽Ȼҵ˵˵ڡ
ǸѣҪȥͱһô
ҡҡͷ
ȿ˵
ôǿһǿĻ֮޷̴ֵȫս֮ǰʮ׾Ŀǰ޵еĴڣ֮Ը̽ˡ
͸뵽ˣĴ̽սս˪֮׾ŵĻҲںԶĵط
ˮľļ䣬ǲĴ̽սʱս󲿷˪֮ϣС֮֮
ӽʮСĵشɱǽ̽ҲֵĴ档
˪֮֮žǲ֮֮֮ʯ֮Ƿ֮֮
źǲΣ˵ľݵҲҡǧ֮ң
׳۰ʮ׾Ҫܼ־֢ļһܶҪεˡ
ڰ۵Ĺ۲£ܶһࡣһŰ׾վڵ°ӵĵײصȴ
ԣЩֵĶˮԴͷӦþģѹֻô棬ǵļʶҲͷֶ˹ϵͲˡ
ϸ۲Ƭ֮˵
ʹнػҪ֪ȥеѣˮµЩ׾Ҳţ޷ܹǵĸ֪Ȼȥɣӳһ£پô졣
һһ¼ӳҲȻ֮Ѹٵ뿪ط
ҹĻ٣һѩڶƬƬѩƮ䣬ڸеĺۼ˪֮Ĵ죬û


593 
ʹҵʮ׾Ĳ֮أʱҲûа취Ը
ĸڶ̾ȥǡ
ʱֻܼȴʵʱá
ˮľ֪ϢʱҲǴһ
ʮ׾ǾԵڻתǿߺֻ֮˺սӰѾ˼͵ĳ̶ȡ
ͺñˮľ˰׾ǿ׾֮⣬ԼӰ첻󣬱ǿжĿԺС
ˮľģ˾ͿԴ⡣ôİ׾ƻʵ̫ˡ
ܹ˳֣֮ⷢѰҵʮ׾ڵأЩʱˮľ⡣
ԭˮľΪ֯Ļڲ֮֮һ֪ĵ¡
Уǲ£ǲҵ˵ݵŲԶŶԡ
ڿ⻹治ʲô⣬˪֮ŲǺԶҲԲˡܹһпͲдʵˣʵҲ̫һ㡣
··ȫǰźõģٶﻹ־ˣֻǳ
ЩҲȥ֯Ļ棬ö϶٣ˮľʱ֡
һֱˮľֵܹйĶβ֮⣬ֻдۺͰ׾ϸˡ
ڴ֮ǰˮľûԼôӽ֯ݵء
׾¶ĹŴˣϵ罵塢ղȻתΪ׾
˲֮ǡħҲ׾ӹɵģǲ߾ô
һֱռսõǿߵʬ壬ΪоزģҪԭΪ׾زġ
׾Ҫʣǿİ׾Ϊزĵ߱Ȼ̫һսǿİ׾Ҳûʲôá
׾ҲǺģҪħβ޲
ȫָ֮ǰƵûʲôֵ׾ѡҪѿأʮ׾Ѿǻ˺ܾõĳɹ
ЩжˮҲһЩĽͣ¶ʹõ罵Ƕȫ޲𹥻εضľֱ¶ߣǵĲ͸Ϊʵ֡
ӡ֮罵ʱΪԭ򣬵һʱûʧȥԡ
ЩΪʱıˮԴ޵Դͷ
¶Űƶ֪ЩжģҲòֹάȺ档
Щӡ޺޻˲پŲŻ
ЩֶϵĲͬ⣬Ҳǰ޺޾ѵĿʼ
׾ʱħĸϵ壬ҲڲȾΧˮԴ˳ŵˮӵطҲǿԤġ
ˮľȻиӡ󣬼Ҳкܶϣֻһ²ʵУŴβ޵вСġ
ܶˮľΪǵ鱨ʵԼݼɴµĽͱʲôֶεֿ¶ûˣ˭֪ЩЧЩЧ
ûнӴͬȼһжֻƲ⣬ϲߵȼǿһЦ
﷢ʱ֮ľ飬οֵУȫ֤ʵΪ档
ڣһֱȡʮβĻᣬˮľû̫ա
֯Ȼð۹۲úǲʲôͲö֪ˡ
Ϊ̰֮ĶͶɾͿˣǧǿȺ׾ˮ£һڵ¿ƶЧض˺
ҪʲôʱռĽ磬ͳ֮ˡ
ԼһУðһҲԿǣô·ȥòֻۺħеðʧˡ
֮ȻһԼҪʲôʩԵж
µٽƵλ֮Ҳ̫֪ҲˣȻˣҲӶ
Ҫľ飬òóͨˮĸǸﺣ˵ܹϴæ
ʱ仹кܶ࣬ǲڻܲħôĿͷҲܲ

֮ĶµףѾůˡ
̿ԵģǺܴҲûжٹȻ˲ٿĽǰ
䲻ȥ̿űҲһЩĿ㣬ļӵҲ
ɰûɳμ̿ԣǰ˳ɰٰ̿ԡ
ĿӰ࣬û˳ųҲ̫񻰣ɰҲֻбľҶǣ־ϺͿɾΪƵʹľҶ塭


594 
̿ǰˮľûôģ֮ͥµĵԻҪ¶ġ
Ի᳡ˮľۿȥпյ׻ˡô˵Ҳѵһʢᣬֶ̽βḻֳһ㶼
־϶ڿ̨Ϲ۲ĶһԺı֣һԵ¹ͬѡ
֮£곤ɰ̽ȷʵҪǿһ㣬Ѿ뷢ڵǣľҶ̸粽ʵΡ
ôҲֻǰӣͬ˴򽻵ȽϺʡ
̿ԱȲȥǴʽԸҲûֻ׼֮ǰ䡣ͽֳٺ͸ȫľˡ
µıˮľ¿£Щ̵ʵȴǰȷʵҪǿ٣ʸģĻʵּʸܲġ
˵ˮľע˺ߵ˵ϡ
ݱ٣Ǳ߼󺰴еСһѧɣ
ǣ
ݱŤͷ˿վǰŵľҶ顣
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˶ܸɣңֻǸˣͷĿܴڵһߵģ
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뿪̿Ի᳡ˮľʵңʵ̨ϵĽ𷢵ˡ
ˣ
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ˮľ֣ϸ̽һĿ¡֮һԭΪСغ׵ĿհҲòŲá
Сغ޷ˮľռβ޲򵥵طӡ
˵ˮ֮нϷֳβˮľϣһβֳ˴СغסֶĿĸͬơ
СغҲȨһβ
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Сӣϰβ޲ѾЩʱˣȻûȡˮľҪĳɹȣϸоһô¡
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Щʣѧ쳵ҲͷȻԼʵһҲ޷
ˮľظӡȶ֮󣬻Ϸ˯֣ӡͷӡŵβޱܿ
֮󣬽ɫ۾¶εɫ˫ͫ
ΪʲôܿβޣϷ˯ռ䣬ҲӦÿԽѱʵڲУǰæ
Щˮľľٶ
һͬ׶ζҪһ£ȶ֮ѱСغס
ðɣ㣡
һλȴƫҪּߣȻҲ˶١
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Ҹýʲô֣
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ˮľȷʵûüúÿǡ
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Ķħ֮ӣðɣϲ
վָһ¸ӡСغ׵İԷӡ
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ûǺ£
Сغ׵غײ˲٣ҲӦùˡȳӦܹٿβ޲֮ܲʹβģʽ


595 
ΨһõģˮľϸĿ¡˷没״ܺãмʴܿɹۣܳʱڶõ⡣
ˮľϵϸѾڻ˲٣ֵˮľ伤û
ΪʵõǲĿ¡壬Ҫǰеá
ڵˮľ˵д۶ûôѾʮ༶ĴˣŪһЩһʮҲûʲô塣
Ҫһĳ켼Ϳٺܶ鷳
˵ѡôӡȶ־󣬾͸ȹˡ
ͨԷӡβ޲ƽϢе֮󣬻ܹʹõĲʹڲΪˣӵصϸ˲١
β޲Էӡ໥ãʹϵõ˼
ϸֵӡЩռĻ
ֻϧˮľҽﲻĳ̶ȣҲὫӡˮľ
ˮľϢ䲻ֱӴЩϸĻߣӵϢռɢ뾫Խ࣬ϳɲҲЧˡ
ЧȲӡҲǲĽˡ
ԭֻһγԣû뵽ҵһռĽݾ
òͳмƣҲܴ
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ʵ̨գһŵɫĲľۼ費Ѵ֮ʩչ˳
˵ǺܲҲòȥˮ׼
˵꣬迪ʼ任̬Բע룬ԵʼתУûȶѸɢˡ
ոƿ壬ҪϰϤԺԴŶݵ
ԴӡԵĶˮľس飬˵Գһ¡
ڴ֮ǰһ飬͸ֺú̸һ̸
ˮľص̿Ի᳡ʱµıѾӽβ
ϣӮȻЩעĻ顣
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ĿǰڽеģԾ
ȭǺųǿؼڰ۵£ڳƣֻҪȺСĶͿԷȫҹؼ汸
ֱֱȥĸȭƵġ
Ҫٶѹһơǧ̫࣬ҲԱʤ
գһȡõһΪεͬ飬ȭܶΣҲǺĵá
Ũüʤˣϧټһͺˣ˵Ӯ
ȮڣЩ߷߲ƽԼεս˷̫ͲԶʹñͰ
ǼһǶ֣ô
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ǿں̷Ľչֵ쾡£ȭȭӲûʤȮڣͳ趼ٺͶαƴˡ
ϴθһҲˣ
󣬸ԼʽһķԹ̿Խ

иֵ⣬ϸϼܹ֮ѡ˰̡
˵ڰ˰ࡢʮࡢʱԱ֮⣬СĲֻ߱ѹѹ»ն񣬽ǿϸ
ӮܹΪ̣ܲǻ¡
֮½̽ףȥˣˮľһ
ԶȥӰ칫ҽ
ڿ˵ˣʲô£
Ҫʬ⾡
ˮľֱ˵Ҫ

ʬ⾡ҪͬھĽʲô
Щ죬˿ڵˮľõĿܡ
Թ֮ǿߣҲǺϸ񣬾Ӱ֮˵ǽʵܶ˶ᡣ
ӡ֮ܶ࣬ʬ⾡⣬󲿷ֽɶĿǧ俪ġ
ʬ⾡ͬоδѾмŲǴĴĿˮţӡβ֮˫˫ȻĿԳն
ķӡǰֱľҶƻʵʩ죬ŵһθֱܵӹʬ⾡Ŀ¡
ʬ⾡ѧϰѶȲСˮľķӡ裬աʵ̫ǿˣѵ˵ʲôµĵҪˮľಫ
ĵƴҲʲôʱˣҶм弸оĳɹҲ൱Ȥ


596 ˵
ʬ⾡ʽֵĴ٣˸ﻹ֮⣬ܸͲĴˡ
⿪ʬ⾡ķҲֻõ˲дϲƲģԭǲǸôãˮľûмҲ˵׼
ֻɣ˵ҽʬ⾡㣬̫ΣˣóĽӦ⡣
ˮľ֪˵ֲףû뵽ô򵥵ؾܾˡ
ÿ߶֪˼֮սʱܻ᲻Ծʹ
ֻҪȥֹɾˡ
ˮľһ´ǣȻĵ˵
ûۼҲ޷׼ȷжֵֻһЩʱûо֤ʵĲ룬ϸ˵Ļе鷳
ʱ䣬˵
ֵһȲ裬ϣˮľϸ͡
ҪʮǰĴĿˮŷӡβ˵𡣡
ˮľ׼õɡ
ڵľβĴĿʬ⾡βֳ룬һĴĿһ𱻷ӡ
βֻһ룿
ϸȻ˵
ֿеģȻβӡڵǸֻǾβһҲǲ⡣ԣ˼һβų
ٴһβǼǿ˵սǲѡ
ڴɻһ˾ˣҲǲѡ
֪ʬ⾡ûнֶΰɣ
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ҶûĿǰ֪ô¡ֻҪһʱ䣬⿪Ӧò⡣
Ļǿͬˣ⿪ʬ⾡֮ǰҪҵͬУ
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ˣʬ⾡ӡλӰꡢԼ˫֡ôָʵԴҲĪвԱ붽ˮľ¡
Ȼ̸ˣô˵һ⣬׼ʲôSķӡɲǼ򵥵ĶͿõֵģ
S｣
뱻˴кܳһʱ䣬Ҳûʲôã
ˮľ֣ۣתСİ칫ҳ֣ԵеӰļ£̺Ϣ
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ִ̾ߴóһСľУ֮ݸ˸֡
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ɣ
ˮľЦЦó׼õӣڰ׵طŽľ档
ⶫݵĲ
ݣϾȻĶ
̽񻰴˵ᵽʣԴͷˣǴ಻š
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󲿷֪֪ͨоŴβ޵ģ̴ĸ߲㡣
ʮβĴ˵ֻ˵ϵ˵ĺֻƬļᵽˮľصмƵļ¼ͬΪ˵ǧֺǲȻҲ֪ġ󲿷˶䵱ԶﴫϷԣֱֻ
ӵؿǰССĽ
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֪ҲֻǷ֣кǿƲãͬʱҲǼΪĲϡ
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ûʣ
֮˽жȻûʲôҪϽսƷĹ涨ҵʱɢһǮȻǿҪ鹫ֻҪû죬Լġ

Ѿ࣬㽫ʬ⾡ŪֵˮľһƻһƴͼɣֻҪٰмլŵŪ֣һƿ֮ˣĴսҪλǰӰ


597 ˳ǣ
ʱ䣬ľҶ̼Ժ˺ܶࡣ
ÿε̿ԣǴ׬׬ʱ򣬾ˣҲһĸ
QΪ𱬣Ǳһˡ
ȥˮľŵڰ˰ףŮ־̽죬Ҳȫ̺ĵһ졣
ҿ⣬ˮľ
Կ⣬Ҳ̸϶ϲԹΡ֮Ͳԡ
˿ζ֮⣬ѹֵıƿռҲˮľ̫ϲٵԭ֮һ
ľҶػ𣬵ҲǱȽϰˣָӪΪĿĵ̼̫ǹ˿飬⣬Ҳûʲô֣¿˲š
ԣˮľŸĽĿĴլԺԼסĹԢˡ
ϧľҶĴӣɲǮ˵ģҪȨƲС
ˮľʦ鿴
ôģ
ˮľԾӦòϲŭֶдϵķǳ֮ôѧ飿
ôǶˣѵÿģ
˵ǰ
ˮľЦҡҡͷ
βμ̿ԲŻýʸ̣Ҳʲôֵ̫ÿҫɣ
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ʱ̫ãǵˣ
һĺĺ˵ʣѵԲܺӣܷʳСʱ˶ٷ֣ⲻƻ֮ĺгϵô
ȮڣͳƵؽտõƬԹ⣬ˮľʱһһ֮ĶûС
ˮľʦΪ֮ǻҪʲô
ҪԼˣǰ˵ܶΣҪԼһߣ¶Ҫŵѧ
ˮľԴǵ˵
ԲˮľܣһʶļӵܣҪˮľǵδ
ȻǵĴ̣Ժ󽫸һɽʦСӵĶӳرָɣǽԶʽнȡίС
ڴְλİţŮ־ûҪˮľģȮڣȻҲ丸ĸźá
ڰ˰ʦȷʵȵ߰͵ʮҪɶˣûпж꣬ҲûɢûɾŶͯԵóĴθʵ̫ˡ

ˮľǵ͹ܵȾˮĶԣͨˮĸĵֿûа취̫ǲĻءķѸĲɷӡҲǿģĲ϶ᾪˡ
ˮʺˮĸʱͣûСͲṩ㹻ʳˮĸҲҪ
ںֵܹ֪Ǳȥ
޲ĵ£һ˻ֵĸˮ£Ĵ׾ĺۼһɫĹʵ״ľʸϣһЩѾѣԿʲôƼ
谵УƽˮͻȻһȦˮ˫۽յİ׾֮⣬ûеڶ˵ĵ֮ܶУһò۾СڵˮϣѨ֮ڵһж͸ͨԼӣ˲Զˮľ֪
д۲ô
ӡӦñǲڻصıضûǲʱ򣬱ռΪʹа᪵Ʒдȫˡ
ûҵпܱ͵ĺöˮľҲеʧӦǶܴøӽˣԲֱӽд۴ˡ
а嶼ǶұħѾһֻ۾ˣ֤βȷʵѾӡ
һǸѵõıϧˮľû취֣ħǻģûͲ֪ܲȡ
һô
ȻҲҪô򵥵̺ôЩ쿪ĺջʱ򣬻˴ʧ
ˮľһѵ˼ٴζ˶
ѨЩͻȻѣȻһһ˸ߵĶѨһֻɳĮϴ˳Ϣ˳̸ڵľܵˣ޴ȡһθ֮Ѹٵ˻أ󽫶Ѩαװ֮󣬲뿪ˡ
õһ뵽ʲôãˮľҲ
ľʸ벻һ֣첻Сʮβ
ҪȽϵĻⶫ罵Ĳ׾ȾˮԴɵġ
ͨľݣָɰͰ͵ľͷ׮ӣûʲôע볬Ĳ֮󣬾ǧʹõǿľݣٽʹľݵĻˮľ͵һظ룬һֽڲֶ֮
ΪʱڻԻڣܻ̺һ˿ʮβ
ˮľٶȻصʵңƬһڸӪҺҩУȫӡΪԺо


598 
İ£ˮľͨ޾ĵطһӰ˳ŵˮĳף˿ȥĵط
ôֱӶħҲûϵ˵ȻԽԽã
аȵĺӰתͷžӸµħ
ֶһѡ񣬻Լģˡ
˭ҪͻļޣݵƲȥ
дۡϸ߰׾ϸز١
ҪǷӵ£ʮβǱؾ֮·
֮ˣŬʮβΨһѡ
ÿһȡߣпܳΪͲľҹļƷ
һʼھûз쳣ʮ׾ˮ£пֲܷûвӦľϣħȻһֻ۾ʵ״̬ԼֻҪŵͲʲôӦ
ǱڵµĺھһͲ˶
֮ϢɳĮϳѾܿˣ͵һغ
绹ģҪǿ
ǲѾˣſҲ˶á
ǲԭʵ˵ǣһ˽ģܽеϣϡ
һȱپĺھͻȻ֮ʱתֻ۵ˣͲľĺڧƻħķӡħԱͨ½硣
ڿʼ˱ӡǧ͡
ִ˭ʵ޹ؽҪ

ߣˮľ΢еʧ
ʬ⾡һٻķӡˮľôʹǺܿء
ˮľģ岻񵽵ʲô
ͻȻðһ񣬲֮мͱˡʲôԭµģˮľǰһЩ޷֤ʵĲ²⡣
һжѣа֪ˡ
趼ôһֵã˵̽ԭͲʲôֻǱмòֳѡ
˼ꡢǿ󵽿Ҫʲôʵ⡣ǧԴתмŪһ񲢲ǲܡ
ͽ˵ǧּϢľҶʧǱȽĽˡмֱ֤ıǧ仹Ҫ
תߣߵôʴֱӶꡣ
ĲһĿȻͶ복·ĸ⻹õſǣ
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Щ˴һȨͲٿˣ䴴Ҳ⡣а̱ʵͽɶβɱмҲûӹĽ֡
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ԺðͷһɼȵΣԤо͸ͷˮľ뷨
ҸƭȻ鷳һ㣬ǲܡ
ˮľĪΣСԴõ֮ھϲ֮仯ģڤڤ֮еֱøˣͻΣУˮľŲɡ
ʮβǼȶô
ʬ⾡а취ģŴβһֻƿʬ⾡ˮľԻΪʸ֮ġ
ֻ۵һ̣޷ˡ
Ŵβ޲ܱɱôʮβĵֻƳ٣޷⣬ƺע
ųͲľҹȻٴηӡҲǼƻõô
ȻֻǶ룬ǡôسֲ˺ǲʵ̫ˡ
мǾøʢķӡ壬ǻҹֻ֪ս³ç֮˽ⲻˮľôΣյжӦǲġ
ֱķӡ൱٣Ҳ͵мЩ
ʬ⾡ĹֶЩס
ֱӰ꣬ع龻óԸЧòŪӡ
ˮľƲʵĿģռ겢棬ӡƣĳЩ˵Ҳһֱ
мļʶӦò᲻ķգȻôȻ
÷ӡһνȻֱ꣬ǵĶħо
̽ǽǵΪǾ޽С
ͨʥظ̽һ־ΪУ̽磬ҲֱӵľҶеľɽҪ¡
ЩͨʥĻ͹򣬺̽кܴͬͱľɽ۳ɺӵĸͣ̽ܿͻӷͲȶڡ
ˮľмΣգҪΪѡ˷˽ˡ


599 ׼
Ŀ־һ޷̽Ѱİص߲֪ж١ǧ䡢趼Ǵ࣬ǲΪѾĻ
мı̫ǰͼıع龻
м忪ʬ⾡ʵĿѾ޷֪ˣˮľֻһƷвļֵ
ĶӾһֳɵķӡռ䣬ǲռ仹Ҫȹ̣궼޷͸޷Ӱеڡ
ôܴ󣬵ȻǰҵƵİ취һʧһûʹˡ
ԭˮľΪϵ߻ļ壬ˮľʧˡ
м岢ûкܺõؿ񣬺ܿаβޡߺһΪĳЩִĴԲۺʱεأٻͬһֻ
⿪ʬ⾡ʵһҪõߣֻҪܹٻ񣬿֮лӾ͹ˡ
ֻһڿظʹõתдӡӡʬ⾡ֻҪעĲ棬ܹٻ
ٻǰһĪʵûʲô壬ֻһʽעĹֻ̡ҪִһƿӡֱӡȻʩȻҪġ
ʬ⾡ѶȲСӸĽƫôʹãϸࡣ
ʬ⾡ĹȻдµ˵̫ˣܶ඼ҪˮľԼ
˷򣬲ûͷܹʡʱ䡣
ʱ䣬Ӧ㹻ˡ

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ܹ黹Ҫһ
費ηսԡ֯ҲԼΪ򵱳Ͳ޹˼ɵ֯
׷ɱҲһΣ˲Ļͷһء
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սļҩʦĴǣǿϮܹһԼʵ
Ͱ಻סҩʦȵϰɹ֮󣬾Ϳʼһˡ
ǾҿЩʱĳɹɣҪʧ
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ˮľύģʽУΪûȡϢֿʹ߻ôҩʦֻ辶ֲ˲ʼѣӵвƵϸε֮󣬲ǿÿģʽʸ
֮־˺ܳһʱӦŽдֲϲٿ
ͬʱӦףҪҽΪ߳ʹҩֲĲ㣬ͱϿˡ
һᣬš֯۵Ӱ֡
βˣ˰ɣҪҵĲ㣡
ͷȻʻ˿ûҪҩʦش˼
Դļһ
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У˿նӰҩʦ׼õµ档
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ηһԾ£ȵײʱ򣬵ܶк˵ʯѾͷ޴ͨ˴⬡
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޻ת֮ضµĳǿʹҩʦͲơ
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600 Ȼ
սķչʵʵ֡
ڣҩʦİĵʱѹ
ÿʹùǿԳŶһο飬ʵԽܶƸ׳죬ĻҪü²ٴγˡ
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ԭٶһᣬйһˮľܵһ۴Ĳ졣
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ˣҪ׷Ĺ֯һ̵ĽѵԣͲ̫иˡ
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ȮĻָһ㣬ɰϮһγɵľ޴׶ž޴ֱӻ˷Ȯܣ顣
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601 
ռԵƣȴΪսܣ䲻żҲᷢ
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ǲǸǲߴģҪǲҳ⣬ֻҪܹǰ͹ˡ
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ѾǿˣҲԽˣûʲôˣ˾ȣ
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ڴҩʦԵظо״õö࣬ƺһѹƵչ¶ɣģʽҩʦʮּɵ

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ԭһΪҥԣʱƣԽԽļʶܲǿѨ硣
Ұ޵ûãʵǿ󣬶ɸ߼˳ƵԴǵҲ˽ͬ
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ʱգҰʵѾʼʹӰȨʣʽˡ


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ľҶٰ̿ѽɰѰ֧ԮҲõ˻Ӧһѣܰϲæ
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ľҶ˺ܾõ־ϺͿֱŻӰ֮λȱʱкܶҪȥľҶ壬֮ҲвҪЭǧͷί䣬ͻ˴ʱƽϣǣ浽ÿӵ룬ɲǲԴ
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ͼɱηӰļ߿ʼжҰҲʱݲĿһʱ䣬Ұ޵Ļʮֽš

ңԶ֮صĴô֯鷳ˮľͲˣҩʦûģʽ޳ɺʲô⣬ˮľҲܲˣֻรˡ
ֽ׶Σˮľʱ仹ûݳ޵ЩǵзѵļһǵϾ
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ϵĻۣˮľİѾԶǰˡ
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Ȼˮľǳ԰εˣ֮࣬չСÿҲҪѲٵʱ䡣
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ʢСѾ㳤ʱ˯ˣֻҪţͲԸڼֵĽֵɫɫ˶İ졣
ʱ㱻ĸţӤҲʵҪԼߣС첲Сȡ֫ŵ΢м۵òȴȻִ˲ƣ
нӴˣ⺢ԺǸжɣˮľɲôΪ
ǰˮľΪСϲΪһϲ˭֪Сҿֶ֮ץ𺣷ⶫʳˡ
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ͺñǰԲѡԱְλ뾺ѡͳһҪоݿɲĹУ붼Ҫ롣
ھΣһƽ񻹺ýһ㣬ƫƫǱ̴ߣμӹľҶٰ̿ԣһضûС
ΪӰĿԵ͵ԺԲƣҲڸɡ
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ЩĵİϷˮľûϣճ֮⣬ȫ۲ʵжȹ

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Ů߼ûдУҲûǰһ츳ƽƽһʵǿʦѾĽˡ
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ӡͻиڻһķʱ;СƿĳΣյĲ
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ţȷʵ
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ûģʽȻʹԴΪӡϵ
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һδֶֹ򲻹ǣ˷УǷ˸ִȼü֮
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β޾ųǲɴѾԽԽӰˣ񻰵ľͷִͬСĹ
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ԣһλģʽԼĽȲǰӡҲֽΪ״̬һ״̬壬¾Ҳǳĸߡ
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605 ϵ
β޲עڲѾΣˣˮľķжɵģʽȻκɸѡջкܴķա
˵ͺСӣδͯβһͨĴƿʿȻͿͨ
治ʿȺ籩ꡢӬ桢ǡ
ˮľģʽзʽ൱ڽȴͬȫˣֻǽ޷ֲĴ󶴣ʹô걩¶ķ֮£ˮľѾ˼ӴŪܹǿյİ취֮
Сӣϰβ޲ڻƿǿһӦḶ́ѭ򽥽ظȻ
Ԥ֮оŴβ޵İӻڴϼװһɿƵİҶ
Ҫıʩտʼֻ͹߽룬˵꽥ǿ׳ĿԽԽ࣬һͬĲӬӳҲ̫ܲ˺ˣֱ㹻ǿ׳ͻὫЩʩβܹЧصȻʱģʽ͵ˡ
רʣŽΪƷ׼˼ָͶߡ
ָ׼β޳䵱Դ˻ȡʹβαĳ˵Ѿһˡ
ʧȥβ޵ʮβΪħǿܹһʱ䣻һ已̥ȡβޣտҲȻʧȥ
ħԶȥ֮աмתתβٴ䣬˵еȡ
ڸô죿Ŀǰռ϶ǲеģʹβ޲ǿҪβް࣬ܡ
ֻⷽ⣬ߣʵԸ¯һֻ֪веͨ·ߡ
Сӣ츳ϰ˴꣬Ҳֻ֪ܳȻóģʽԶúܣЩʲѵķϲˡ
һϵͳϵϣӦôɿʼͺͬ
ر֮󲿷ߣӦû׳ܹʹģʽŶԡ
же۷֮˳µǳģʽԺͿԵ컯ˡ
ˮľְֵؽ̵ұ֤СӣڵĴս֮ǰʹģʽ
Ǿ仰ô˵ţ£ôôʲôѵİȫ㹻ˡ
Լģʽһʧ޷β޲ýҲˣԼܹŪ㹻β޲ԽȻ˺ҲԽʼմڡ
ԣϵһ̶ܷɣҲǱ֤ҰȫıҪ
Ҫʱٳһͺˣÿһʱ䣬ԼԽǿһ֣ǿԺӦһбʵĻ
źǣСĲѣҲ̫ܳʱϰ·вͨˡǼģʽûУϢճ̶̫ͣ㣬û㹻գȻϫЩС嶼ס
˵ףôﳤ̲ܶȷ˼·Ȼ츳Ӧⷽ淢չ

׷ŵľҶ壬˷ҥûиҴ̫š
еʶ˶ֻ֪ڽⷢӶѡڴû̫ĴֵùעЩٵԲŻᴫ÷з
ֶΪ־Ųأǲмһ˵ˮľ͸֣ûЩС鷳
Ϊ֮һȷʵܵ˲Сίԭһ£ȴ֣֮ҲСŮЩƲ֣Χͬûиɫ΢һ㡣
ʹȻееִٵҲʱʱˮľңſСҵĽڣɢɢġ
ľҶʱˮľСһֱһ𾴡ί߿Ҳеһ㡣
ˮľǰǲǸ鷳ˣ
ˡ
ˮľҡҡͷ
ƾ㣿鷳أΪΪӰӾ˲ˣ
һԵС˵
Ӱȷʵ˲𣡡
ðɣ˵ˡ
ˮľεؿЦ
ô࣬ĵظŸִоˣڻֲĴ֮飬ЩνԲᣡ
֪ˡ
ͷˮľڷ
ۣмĲƸܹ֪˵ƶ֮Ҳ޷ӹ˫ۣܺ籾һꡣ


606 ƽ֮
Сĸ׵ʲôΪˣŻϧľҶﵱԼĹ뱻Ϧʱᱻߵߡ
֪˾޶ĿƣŸףһԻȥļ¶ô˿ĵ顣

һ֮ɰٰ̿Ѿܽˡ
һΣԳɰ˹ꡢؿϦպͷһȺľҶ̺ƺƵǰ֮
ͬʱˮľҲ뿪ľҶ壬ǰڵء֮
ĹңҲС
Ҳ㽫Էӡҿһ֣ܹβ޵
˵
ҪȥԷһ⣬ȥǸã
Ӱʽ˳֣ػûȫգһ£ҪҲѹƾβ
ðɣȷʵ޷
Ŀǰصľݻûѹʧصβ޵ĵزֻڱڣԤãһβ޲йΪˡڷ֮ˮľʧأŪ˸֪ûֵľݶβǶôľݿβޣҲ޶ȵġ
ǣˮľ̽Ĺң˰úƽȴ˷ɶּȳаļһ
ٺߵСû̫ӡ̵ĶΨһƵģҵǵȪ
սԶ룬̴սήʱգѾнûоսϴˣǵսС̽ϢŨĵطҲ֣޴ڵȪҲ֮ء
ˮľ֮֮󣬲ŷﻹһĿĵطõ֡
ȻԴΪḻĹȣֻҪûսƻǶ԰ȵе
õֲֻһСÿ˶ֲָõ廨ҼһĴǰǰõ壬ÿдС΢õ廨ŨһƮ
õֲԶľӾݣˮľҵںȾƵҲһ߲סرԹҪҲȥ̵С
þòˣҲˣ
ˮľȻس֣˸кȻתͷˡ
ˣӳ˲٣
ƺͻȻֵˮľһЩ˵ֵؿˮľȻʵ
˭

ˮľ塣
Ҿôûʶȣ
ĻӦҲľҶߣȻ֪ҵ֣ѵʶˣ
ˮľһѰס˵ԴƵ˵
Ҿ𾴵ˮľʦѧУദ˺ö꣬ڣ𣿡
ס֣
һѲˮľ֣Ȼе
ˮľʦ֪㵹е񡣡
۾ϸ۲һ϶صͷ
ˮľʦʲô
ˣˣҽģԼȥаɣһҪˮľ˵
ңɨˡ
Ųõ飬һ߳˾Ӿݡ
ôо˿ӹû
ǰɣ
Ҳоһ
еˣ
֮Ǹ͵Ĺң᲻طŲǸõط
СĽһﰲݵȻҲطĲƽ
Ϊߣģ
ţﻹðɣ
˳ᷳҲûʲôá
˵Ǵ̹ùô£
ˮľҡҡͷ
ҿûҲôѣӺŮҪչˣ뿪
ǰѾˣкҲ
˵⣬һ뵽Ҳ͸֮ľˮľͲٶ˵ˣҲҲԸ̸
ӰȻҾͷˡмλţֶûлشҵ⣬ĸϻȥʸʱܷ֣Խ˻ʡ
ԭˡ
ˮľͷʾ⡣
ҲڴĽʱ䣬̽紫÷з飬Ҳ֪ܲƽϵԸɲ̬Ѿˡ
ȴأˣڷ֮裬оô
ˮľ֮
˵ϣ˵ĸо𲻴󣬺Ĺ䣬Ҳһֻǵ㵽Ϊֹ
սˮľԿ࣬ȴ˺ܴ˵ʵڵģҲһһдѡ
ˮľĻشҲûгҲϡ
һֱԸʲô
Ҳ̾һ
ܵϮβߣѾ֪ˡһص֪һЩ˵鱨Ӧ֪øֺ֪࣬
ֻۡ
ȻǿѨ簡
ƺ˺þõҲ¶֮ɫ


607 Ӱ
ֻۿɲðĶ˵еۣ֮ǧһζû˵֮ӵй񻰴˵жûУ̶̼ʮӵֻ۵Ŀʵ̫ˡ
ȥ飿
飿̴ָ壿
ˮľһ¡
ȥûʲôջ񣡡
Ӧȥһˣ
ֻ۵ϢҲ̴֪ȻҲУǰΪšСѾ֮ûж룬ֻ֣һЩʱЩͿͷˡ
ˮľҡҡͷ
ֻ۵ӵߣҼ
ţ
ҲƺЩ͸һ˿ȡ
֮Ϯʱǣ͡һ
Ѿȷǳˣ
ǰûѧ˵췢ĳšǳɫͷٻɫͫסʹֽСϡ
أû
ǼˣûϴĻѾֻĿܣӦˣ
ѶҲɫһ
ˣŵ״Ҳôãʹùȣ͸֧˲ӣ
Ȼֲ˵ôסԭкҲҵ֮ͷϣô鱨Ҳֲɵ׾Ͳµ֮쳣
ҪҲֻǸһԸ뷨
֮ڲɽƹܣôᵮôǿ֯
ѾˣǿϾֻĳ̶ȣ֮ǰҲǲģ
Ѿôǿˣ
̳ɽҲֻ۵Ķ֡
Ҳû֮飬֪Լʵ֪ˣֻȷһ¶ѣôԼжҪ˶ѿࡣ
ˮľҲ֪ЩֻҲԼĿǰҲĵĻˣĶʱһš
ҲƺĲɵ˵һЩ£ˮľҲڸֱͣҹĻ٣˻֮󣬲ЩҲͶ޵ùݡ

ڶ죬ģ֮ˣźˮζӰ´޵֮С
ҲѵصûкȾƣˮľŲԶϰƵľβ
ˣѾ˿Կβ޵ĵزˣ
ˡ
ҲЩο
һʱҺһҲĶţǼ̳ĸ׵ļƢ
Ϳʼô
ҿһַӡѣˮľֱӽԷӡȥķպܴ
ӡϳɰԷӡȷʵһŰĴ٣ӡʮʺ
ӡʮȹ̵ķӡӡһֻβ޶㹻ˣӡҪɿİԷӡˮľҲʵõܴܹ֮ʩչ
Ҫݵֶξýβӡǳ׳ȥӡҪ
ҲҪǲֽҿӡɾͱȽˡ
ԷӡǺӡˮ©βѵĿ΢΢ҿͨӡβתΪʹõͨ
ķӡȴһ⡪βй¶Ҳζֱβ޲γβ޻ǳѣ񲨶Ϊңǿʹβ£¶һ֮βǼˡ
ҲҪģȹ̵İԷӡϴһСȱڣβй¶ø࣬ʹܹһβ޵
һμΪΣյĳԣβ޲һ˫нƲþױߣ˵ʵǿһ̶֮ǰǿпβǻǸ
Ŀǰǿ㹻ˣٲҿ̫ˣһʱӦһ£βѾԶˡ
ðɣҲ˵еβ޶Ůһ׸ôսԺΣվˡ
ȻԷӡʮΣգĴĿӰˮѾ׼õӦֶΡ
˺ɵؿǰι״ľ󡡪
ܹұøǿ
һֵľᣬϸ壬ôù졣
ˣͨһʮֱĴڣ棬ϵİԷӡԿףҪþβͱҪæ
Ǿ͸Ͻʼɣ
ȲҪǿʵԴǲ̵Ϣ֪֮ȫͬΪʱķ߷߲ƽ쳣ĳĬ
֪Խ࣬Խ׽ǶôѣܹľҶʮͳΪ̣Ǻܶ궼ѵһţ֪Լ̵Ĳ࣬ŸףԼĲԽԽˡ
Ĭ޶ԣ˷ӽȵҪ׷ĽŲ


608 ̽
ˮľԶĵطؿҲʩΪͷӡ֮ĹϵʵǱȽص飬ʺˮľ֪̫ࡣ
ֻΪпܻҪæˮľ
ȻˮľҲʶȤ˵һߣûпͨԼ֮ܵ˼
Ƭ̵Ľ֮󣬸ͬҲĽҿһַӡĽ飬˺;β֮Ĳˡ
һᣬһɲĲˮľĸ֪г֡
ˣ
õľβһθܵϢȻΪңҲõᣬԺ˵ԽԽǿԻ𽥱С
ȻѾɣˮľҲͲٱܻˡ
ҪôҲˣ
ȵȵȣڴﵽʲô̶ȣ
ӡȱй¶ļޣԼǷƿأҪŪص
ðɣ
ˮľȻҲܱ¶β͵ˣҲݵΣ͹˱β֮Σԡ
Ȼʱƣβй¶ԽԽ࣬һѰȫ
Ƭ֮һβ͸֣û׳ͣڶβҲܿƵǵ
ٶ̫ˣ˺Щģ
ˮľǵؿε˫ͫ꣬ɽɫͫؿҲ
ٵȵȣ
Ҳɫأһò׼һߴ˵֣ͼǡ
ֱʱ֫ŵص˲¶Щֿ
Ҳ˶ѣһᣬƺܵѹʹصͷϰڵϡ
ʧˡ
ˮľźҡҡͷΪԼ֪β޲ǶôΣգ˴˿ܵѹж󣬾Ŵβǿһֻֻһ룬Ҳ˿ɵġ
βͺ¶˳ҲʧȥǣƤβʴƬƬ䣬һ˿˿ѪðѸȻβУ˿һѪĶޣ׺ݵضҲˮľķ
βͣβ޲й¶ļޣֻҪ˲ӦþˣҲǡǡܿƵ
֪н֮ĵҲٺˣ˴ӵβ޲֣˫ֽӡתҪģʽ
Ҫô
ˮľεҡҡͷ
˱Ѿβ޻˺üԼҲȻ̫أŵսʵ˸еΪѣ״̬µˣɲ־ѹƵĴˡ
鷳
Ҫпܣˮľ뽫ڵĦһ£ǲ֪һߵҲⲻ⡣
Ϯļɫֱۣβ޲ע룬Ȼĸ֪˲ӳˮľԺ
һκ˶ս͵ӡ֮ʱû뵽Ҫٺ֮Ӹ̣ʵˮľЩΡ
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ʯβ޻˰ͼǿ
ˮľǵ͹˾βĿ񱩣ֻʵҵرƣ˫չͽ޻ת֮ʯϣɫĴŰΧض顣
ô
Ǿβֻβ͵ѾͨҪǿٲ׶Ը١
򵥵϶һҪǿķӡѲС
ҲķӡҲϵĻӦ˷ӡġ
ˮľͷҲһۣڽüͷ֪Ȼ
ѹֻᱻβ״̬ˣٶȣûʲôϵĻĺΣա
ȻģʽҲڸԼ־˺˵¼Ϊǿ󣬵Ҳʮԡ
ӣԼȳżˡ
ͷٿˣѿĴۣɫβڳͣˮľֻٴγָš
ֱ̳˶ȥ
ٶȼ޻ת֮˷ķ״ӦûͣܲŶԣ
ףԣȻûд̴
״Щϣβ״̬β¾Ȼ˼ͣ޻ת֮ûƿķ
ܹסĲSβ޻ȻСˡ
Ȼܵĳ˵Ҳһβչǳˡ
β¶ӣһűŰ籡
ͨ顪ţ
ӵӭ׵βڣǿҵĹâŽƬ̾ͱ׹ơ
󣬹ɨĹĩˣһɫĲܽˮľ
ǲļһƣ
ɢȥ¶ˮľֲת֣ƾҪ｣ӳ
ʱһƳˮľߣסˮľֱۡ
ͽҰɣĵӣʦ
ɢȥֵĴˮľ΢ƽһе㲨


609 ӡѹ
ʵ˵Ҳ϶ǿѹ¶β͵˵ģģʽ֮˲ҲĻˡ
ôβסܲ˺ľͣ£廹֪ᱻʲôɴཫ򵹣Ȼơ
ңһսҲģʽδغĵùʹľβ
һ鷳ľǣڵֲ̫ˣˮľҲʹû
ˮľ˼ǵʱһˮľС
ǿ񱩵ηģʽڵ˵ܻҲ漣ˡ
ˮľŤͷһһ֮ɫҲļͷԼ
Цˡ
ˮľ΢΢ͷʾ⡣
Ҳһ߼־˶ϰѵ
˵ôôμȥ㻹ǲ˵
תͷˮľǸ
Ǹûж⡣
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ţ
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ľҶ˽ܵ飬ûֳһģʽʱĴĿҪǿһ˲šСһԺʲôѣľɽӦÿԽ⡣
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Ҳȳ֣һƬرѵӣֱܲӳ˽ȥգ֮ͱŢûʣ䲻ϵӡ
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ˣβسȻˮľеһԳܵѹ
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ô
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ⲻˡ
յĲʼ٣ˮľȽ˽շһᣬоڵĲɢһ֮ˮľݽ磬¶˵Ĳˡ
Ҫ鷳ˡ
Ȼ
ȫƤʧ˵ˣֳΪİɫƤûһãҹڵҲᡣ
ˮľһʹҽƣһ߸ͿһЩҩҲЩҵ˵
ûʲô£һ̫ļˡ
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ţ
Ҳͷ
ˣǸѪСŮôˣ
ѾִΪˡ
ôȻʾѵһ塣
֮󣬽˱ƴ»ָˮľվһű衣
ˣѾˣͿµߣϢٿʼУϾ͸֧еء
Ҳǰˡ
⣬Ȼܸ鷳
ˮľֵЦЦȻʵ
֪Ҳ˴ʲôʱ˻ش壿
̫ʱɣ
ˣһתִˣ
̫һʢ֮ǰ·ʢ


610 
޳ղãưԷӡֲתΪõЧݽ޷ȡβ޲ġ
ҲһԿţˮľʵҲ֡
оյؽɣˮľҲ˸к֮˲ͻصľҶ塣
ʱЩ£ȥһգ۵Ĺ͵ˡ
һڲкãѹβ޻˽˶Է
ͨŶˮľӰ첻｣⡣
̫֮Զһ㣬ȴӷ֮ĻҪ
ˮľ߽˾Ĵš
ˮľˣ
㰡£
ͷϹźı˫۶ϻڵȫһ۾ü
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شŵĸ³ǱԹˮľûг¼ͨŸڣеΪѡż˳ͬûУҪԶţ͹
ô鷳תһеԱǸˣԺעġ
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ˮľ칫ϵֽͱʣݲݵд񱨸棬һȥӰ칫ҽ˸֡
ܼ򵥣һ˵ĹֻҪӦԵõһֻһľβӡ˴
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ƽʱڣԵĹҪԶԶɱɽĺߣȵһߵս߻Ҫˣ־ˡ

֮̿Եڶһڰɳйƽڶ̶ڰȫĵطԴս
ľҶٰ̿Բͬɭǿܹ˸֤Ĺƽɰû嫺֮Уų»ɳĮܹ֮ıƵȵȣһòμӵĿʧأʵɰƵƵУ˵ﲻϤ̿ˡ
սԱ˿̭Ҫԭ
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ɻؿܲ̽һ£ûзκοɵļֻա
ڽ桢߹ȵشɳ֮С
ħ֮ɳĮ̿Եĵص㣬֮׶֮ء
֮Աη;ħ֮ɳĮ̣ΪǷ֮仯ҵĵطļ±仯ʱ򣬾Īɳ
ܵǣÿôΣΪǿĶĳǿɳҲֻʵǿǿܹ洩С
̿ԵĿָܹ
Ұδȣ̿Ϊ⵼´¹ʣͲ׽ˡ
ûܹӡһβغ׵ɮ˷һ޷ֱӰŴɱҰޣǣҰ޵䵱ɷӰͳ˶εĿꡣ
ĺô¹ʣɲǸܹӶŵù
̿ʢᣬ⣬Ǿ;С£ľҶǰ֮
˵ЩʲôãɳѾҪˣԶ֪Ѿţͣ¶ˣ֮ǰﱻѡ̿ԵĵصʱѾźˣʧ
Ȱڵ뷨Ǻгģ棬һЩʱ˵Ҳ⡣


611 ˳ƶΪ
Ұ޵Ĳɰձڣ̬ȸʵʵҲ࣬Ҳֻϵ˲Żļ뷴Ұ޵Ӫ
жȫͬˣɰļʮĲ
ڲìܳ׽ҿ޹˼ɵˮֻ
ܶж֮ǰ֪ϸİţֻмƻʼʵʩʱ򣬲˽ɸǡ
һΪӰ˵עȻŻɱû뵽ĿȻһСӡ
ʵϣ󲿷˶ôΪģɰ屾ĳԶ֪磬ȴɳٵʱħ֮ɳĮһ飬ٳô˻Ұ֣Ĳԡ
עĿǲʲôӰˣɱ˲գ۵Ĺ֡
֣ûʲô̿ΪĿ꣬ʲôʸָˣ
ͷ߱ķ˵Զԡ
ⲻǵĴ޳ܣɱ˷һʦûа취ֻܳ²ߡ
»УҲۣҾŷ˻´ﰴֻƵ˭֪ǲ֣
˳𣿡
ͷ¶ǳЦһס˷ߵĲ𽥼ӴȻתͷ˵
˭˳
ʣµļ˶ʱ
ȻͬˣǾͷɢж֮ǰɳִʱж
ӰɢȥϢķ߱ڵϡ
ջһߺòϣʼСջҲһˡ
ԶģĴɳطϮĿȴһ֪
ʵڲôʲô壬ھҪץһβ𣿡
ߵǲƾճ֡
ֶֻΪ䣬ԮҪȷӰöԸ
ԸǱɰĴ룬Ժóˡ
֮ЩڻҾûˣڻеֵϽõɡ
СֶҲãıҲգյĿĶҪץסβޣɱ˴ẉ̂ôʹ˽һβץ֡
Ұھħ֮ɳĮ룬
̫ˣһβǱȽѶԸˡ
ѾüΰɱδĿӰߵĻ̫ˣʱϮҰޣɰԿʵе㲻ǡ
ҪżȴӼ򵥵β޿ʼȽѶԸļһﲻҪԶҲ˵
жٽβȻʹֻ۽Ӳͷȫһ򾡡
ôȥ
Ҫס̴廹ǲһģ˭̲ס
עͿ˭֧Ųס
⣬ǰЩʱǸϢõȷϣȷʵȥҴˣ񱻻ˣֵûͦ󡣡
ô
Ƭ̣Щɵ˵
ʱҪ裬Ӧûǲдۡ
ԴжϹʱˣǲĵܵ츳ҲǲģѾˡٲ֣Ҳʧ
ӡǺܺõļûնϵⲢһʧ
еĩϵһֻһܣҪǱһͷͻɾͲ˿ĵˡ
ȷʵ˴;ԤϣȻĿǰʲôӰ죬˭֪Щ᲻Ŀ곶Ϲϵ
䣬ֻҪֻվߣһжҪ
˭ƿֻۣҲԼÿɿǰᵱȻܹǲߵ
ӡʹζ޷ǲߵĳԡ
ӡǴϵļ
ûǰж˼Ҳûҵһֻ
ҵģ
µķλȷ˭ɲôжϵģҪȥһһųǶͷɶѾˡ

֮β
ǶǸûĵļһ˵̴壬ɱøɸɾ
ϢɣϣջϴЫ޽˾̫ϧˡ
פڷɳŰħ֮ɳĮɰ飬ԭض£ץһܴץ̴ӰȫͬѶҲԶ
ҲǷã˳ֶΪջãûҲν
Ǹзɰ̣ƺЩԣȥˣûоǡ
֮ǰһж͵ȻһβķӰ֮λƣٿɰЦ͹ˡ
׽ҪȻᡣ
õ̴壬ٺòˡ

ҽӡ֮ĵ£ֻදشƬ֮صСӲĵض
Ȼֵļһˡ
ԲǿĿﾭʵԶһ̵źͼǰΡ


612 
޴ڵķɳڸӲڵ൱ЧֶΣ̿ôɡ
ҲֻΪ˽бҪ飬Թ̺ͽ޹ؽҪ
֮ǰΨһ˾־ŲؾôԸģԴͬǡ֯еıŶ˼ߡ
ļ׳侲ط
ڿƺıʷˣҪ֤İȫΣֹΣľҶ¼
ƻħ֮ɳĮе̿ԣľҶֵ֧ɰԵĶΪԽЩ˹ڵС
ʮʵͨͨڿƷΧ֮ڣҪҪʲô
ЩʵԱһ̻ҪǿٵĿ֮ûпʼչɱһȺµѾǡ

λߺܶʱ򲢲ⲼһЩɢ壬ܹãûҲνǲˣ־ŲҲ࣬ˮľȻҲ⣬ҪȻͲҴĵˡ
ɳ֮еɱӣĿӰҰ޵ķǻڵȴжʱ٣ǵɱѾʼˣдۺͳαϣټ˵ʵƳӵɰ̻ûʲô
׶д۵㲻죬Ҳд۵ĻܷӳģдĻǰһЩֿͽ͵ģеܲһͻᱻʳ
ҹɫеı仯ûһ˾ע⡣
е㲻Ծƺǡ
Щɱ̶Ǻ֣ĸ֣ܾĲˡ
ѵǵΪѾ¶ˣ񲢲
ûиоɰʲôرжķ壬ԴķӰûرķӦԶ֪ĸҲûֹͣ
ħ֮ɳĮ棬ǣܻϲļһ
̿ԵĿǿҲ޶ȣǰľҶٰ̿ԣ³еսսݱϾֻɰٰ̿ԣû˵ʲôֵڴ̴嶼˹̽̽·Ҳ˳̽һ鱨
̫ˣʱ޼ɵսֻע⣬ʱֻҪ˲鿴ᱻ쳣
ûгǿɳңﻹɰ̵Ŀ֮УҪ֪Ͼһ̿ԵĿ϶вٿڹ۲Щ̵ı֣Ϊ̿Ҫݡ
Զħ֮ɳĮΧľҶڴɳĮ뻹ɰ̾άֿ򡢷ֹķ
֪ȹȥȻһĿʵֲˣĴҧҲ˵ջ񡣡
֪ɧķǲ;Ŀ겻ϱƽ
Ʒĵ˷ŵڵϣϸ鿴ݡ
һɰ̣ϵ֤αװ
֪ˡ
׵ͷ˼һᣬЩȷ˵
һ˿ɺϣü˶ͬϢǾ˵Ҫħ֮ɳĮĿΪĿꡣмĴɳ
鱨㣬޷жǵĿʲôɰڧԵĿ껹ηӰҰޡ
ֹǣ
ȻΪλ̫ͣ޷жľҶ߲̬ȣɱһЩˣȴͷһһģ
־ŲҪɱĵ˵ͬ飬ȻľҶֹǵжȻȥ
Ҫɱô
ҡҡͷϾڱ˵ĵϣǵľҶ˿ԲÿɱˣƺЩãô˵Ҳѡ
ڼ״һĿȥʱصӰԼٶ߶
Сģ
ͬڸղЩˣ˵ĵΣ˶Ҵ⡣
Ӱδһ֮ѾƣԵסƵ˼ٺˡ
Ĭ˫ֽӡӿֻԭͻȻըԭȱ;αģɵīˮС׷ױըУҲʾ𱬷Ŀ޼䣬಻ϵͱըΧըһɳӡ
ȵȣ
ֹҪǰƹţɫصؿűɳסĵˡ
ǾȣоһϤĲֵ˭û뵽֮Ķ
ŵ٩Ӱ˵߳һ˻һľףһ˸Ǻˡ
ľҶߵĻǴŲŲصֱʡֻˮľ
ĹõˣЩ鷳ˡ
ֹˣ
ǲ͸߶Ŵīļףһ˿޷д۵Ķ£öڵĹѪ˫ͫӲ۾
дۣӦŲص£⣬ǸһҲʹа᪵Ļ᣿


613 ʱ
Щ鱨Դﵽĳ̶ֳȵ˵治ʲô֪顣
Ųұϵдɴƣ֪˺٣ľҶ²⣬֪ʵķ˶ࡣ
ǵװӦþǡ֯˰ɣ
װʾ׼ͬʱŵ˵ͻȻϮ
޼ֵĹ߶дۣԴļҪˣ
ڼΪ̽ǿǲ³ʵ겻ѡ
Ȼǲûʲôʸ˵ĵģ˴Ӻͼ塢ڶǲ֮Ŀʾ˵Ѿײˡ
Ҫһֲٿ˾βϮ¼ǲ岻ᱻ¼ɵôҲӵҪĵز
ȻˣϵùɡݵӦҲ᲻ʲôź
ֻдۣҲǲջˡ
˫һŹĻϮ
ߣǲǶ֡
ڲӲƴʱ˵ͲǺ֯͡S̶ս
Ҫ֪鷳׾ԲЩ飬ϾôӵĻҲвǵ
ǰǰԣǰҲԲѡǱʶ棬ûŵжôһ£ֻᰴռȶĿжж뷨֮¡
޺｣Ȱ䣬ʱ𱬷ըĳӣϮҲΪ֮һͣ꣬Ϊųĩˣõɶء
˺ŵסһҲ״˼Ҫһ̵˼һ˻û֣Լ߾ЩԲˣԲһĶ֡
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ϵıʣ˷ӦҲ˰ģȶܲһӾͱסָΪֱ۵һƵĴ͸𣬷ɽĲѪҺڵī֭
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ܲÿһɡ
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һʱüױץסˡ
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ͻȻһĴ΢䣬һѸݵӰ͸˴塣
ļһһšã
ĽýӰڻ谵ҹɫУҵļһصڼ׵磬ǿĳ÷ˣסҲ֡
Ȼܴӹһٵļ׳ûѾԶΣ
ľҶ̿ûʲô󰭣ؿתͷˡ
ԭɣû뵽еǱ˽ǡ֯ˣ겻ɢﶼǡ
ؿĽرԹ
ͲһˣӦ赲һ£
Ƥ̫ˡ
ô
ǲŤͷؿ
ĲôãӶسֱʡ
ֱؿһǲ
ǲ
ϴ˰ɣ񲻺õı
ôǻǱǸˡ
صǸؿɫһ
ΣԵǾԲġ
Ҫ˵Ǿʶؿ˵ĵҲûȷʵѧУͬͬѧǰ̿Уɳܵذؿϡ
΢΢˵ǲŲԶǰ˵ļףѸٲսȻһӣһֻ޴˫֣ðŷɳԶȥ
߰ɣʧˣ
֪ˣ
һЩڻҵĴۣԭֻ֣ȡ飬ڸġ
Ҫ𣿡
ԶĲԽԽ࣬Ӧ˲쳣ʼעطˣֻҪټһᣬܾûôˡ
ܿϧеͷؿؿžʧǲҲռ֮󣬲žҪŵܣѾ̫ˡ


614 ЧӦ
ˮľ֪ϢʱѹҹټŪѵʱҲһԺʱ㣬ӦòʲôҪˮľҹҪ²Ŷԡ
òĽСҲе㵣ģˮľҲֻÿοһ£ȻŹǷϵأԼġ
šȮڣѾˡ
֮ɽкһľ˹ˮľܹˡ
õĶ飬ǳϮԲôһˡ
ôˣҪȥɱ̴ӰҪս
ˮľ٩ĻýŵЩ͡
ľ˯˵
ҲһۡȮ鱨뿽ʡټҺ㣬ӦʲôҪ֧Ԯ
ðɣ
ˮľʼ硣
سĴ䣬ȥսȥɨսộӦòС¡
ˮľһֲԤУû˵ʲôҪ£׶ûУľҶĿôô¹ʱȻԶľҶĵط
˵ˡ
ͻȻ֣Ȼżɽ˵
֮ɰ鱨֯˳̿У
ԭΪѾװǸɳӵĹȣû뵽Ҫһˡ
ˮľʱռϹȥ̬
֪ˣ
֪ҪԼˣ⼸ȥôԶĵطĵĲɲһ˳ܵ˵ġ
Ŵ͵ʹﵽһ̶ȣԲĽʼμǡ
뻹һ㣬ԶĴͣˮľҲúüܽĿղ

ħ֮ɳĮĵطǰһ˯㣬ûþɳӣҪûʲôر飬һ˿ɾѹˡ
ԣڶѾˣ
ɰĸ߲ڿᣬľҶСһ½
ڳУȮڣɽкһݺ͵λߣľˮľְȨҲͣƿؾʵȨҲв
ܵķʽ̫ˣûü赲һõݣȷһ֣ʹõӦʱռ
֪ˣ˴Ӧ鱨Ӧò
ķԽԽˣСɳڲϣײһֱûͣ
׷ϵģһʹľݳƶһȷʵʱռûе£
ǿҴˡ
ҡҡͷ
ⲻĴ˵Ĺ̶Զ󣬹ľݾͷˡ
֯鱨е̶֪ģɽкһӦ֪ȮڣͲһˣǺؿϦպ֪ܿܲԳɰ˹ӦҲ֪ǿԳɼݣҲ˵׼
֯ϸ鱨ϾܺܿΧͱֻ۵ϸϣֻиֱֺӾ˲ſ֪һ
Ӧʱûıˣƻе׷Ҫ޼ˡ
ոʱռһ˲ӻ֮֮ľҲˣҪ׷ĵ˼ֱǳ˵Ρ
ڵ̿ԣ޸õĳԶ֪Ѿ̽鵽˴ɳϮɰǷҪж̿ԡ
⻹һ¡
֮ǰҲɰԳɰ˹˵
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еˣڰһˡô
ûˣ
Գɰ˹ҡҡͷ
̿Լôͱҵɳ̫Ӱħ֮ɳĮֶΡ
ɳȻڣ̨ǰβܺܳ󵽻Գ̶ȵʱ䲢һСʱͳ׹ȥˡôʱ䣬׼ĿҪ롣
ˮľа취𣿡
Ťͷڴؿˮľ
㲻ҲıɭĻ
ˮľڰ֡
ô򵥣ôΧĽ磬ã޴ģľҶֻΪ֮ɰ֧ŵ𣿡
ʱһζݵľֲ籩ôġ
δɳˮľЩɻģռеζ㲻ɳħ֮ɳĮʱ䣬ԲϣӦڰŶԡ
̿Ծٰʱƫûʲôϵ˵ˮľɵĺЧӦӰ죬ĻۣѾܹıĳ̶ˣʱƣԺе΢СƫԽԽ
ڼƬ֮ɰľˡ
̿Եڶֹ
һûгҵϣʵȣòѡ񣬵ȫһˡ
ڶԲ̭Ὣַظ̴ΪοȻֱӿʼڶĸ


615 Ӱ
ʵ벻Ҳ֪ɰ̵ôġ
̿ôϽҪô
ӵʵľԲֹʳڵϦպ죬ɰô̫Ϲ̽Ӧô㡣
Ƭ֮
ˣؼҪҪֹ
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ˮľ˼ǲҪ£¿ɴСؽӰֺĵط
Ҳ˾Ӧͣ̿ԣϷһĹĿûбҪ
գǾռϷ磬ǿһ¡
̿ԱͲ̫ĳϣҲֻй͹ĵʽ֣ء
̴嵮֮ûֶ̿Ŀǧ佨ѧУƶֹ֮˺ܶ̿ԵĳΡ
п˽ƶȣҲ̵Ӱ̴塣
ЩҲֻȮڣɽкһ֪Ķһ㡣
Ӱȫ̽磬ҲĿԳնŬĳɹ
ÿ̴嶼иԵƶȣԭʼ̭ƣѪ֮
ҲԼ߽ӵòǲʦͽС
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ֱ̽ս֮ɰսܣſʼĸѧУȫľҶ忿£
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ʹ˽̿ԲǲУȥҲԽܡ
ô˶ҪֻҪ̫˾ˣںϲϸ񣬵Ȼȥƽϲ١
˵һвϸҲûʲô˵ģ˵ı׼̴屾вͬ
˵ΥľҶ̿ԵĴͳͳʵҲֻʮʷӽܣҲ飬òǿ˳ؽ¶ƽϢҪġ
Ȼһ£ǾͿʼɣɰڲ岻Ҫǲ֣ڴɳнһҪԮˡ
ôˣڳĴ󲿷˻ǱȽоģһʱ䣬жˡ

ħ֮ɳĮܴ󣬲һٵĿɢУҪҵ治Ǽ򵥵飬ô̵ҲǿڴɳϮ֮ǰ˴
ô࿼ҪٰԤѡҲ൱˷ʱһ£Ҫ̭ѡʮҵĿμӵԡ
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ѣҰ޴켸óݵɰʱ˼
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㷢ˣ
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֪
ǰɣ
ûʲôģ־ŲüסСжԭˮľҲܹµ
μ̿ԣͳˮľˡ
ų־ŲػƵеĿܣ˵ôʮбҪ
ŶǿƷļпǼס
֮ͬͬƿˮľ뵽ĿɣˮľҪ֮ȹ̶̳ģʽΣգҲҪǿд۵ڴﵽƽ⡣
˼ͣɼ׵״ôƽ
־ŲصĲжһοܻš
ͲдۣӵмΪǿľ㹻˵ģ׼ȷ˵õǾҵľ񲨶
þУ˷ѣĻˮľдԼֲͲд׾٣ȻֺҲֲˮľԼ͸ˡ
ԽǴУʱ򣬲Խ£һǲˣӵпʼͲдʵ˲ţȾʵļһѿͲдۡ
ôչȥͲд۵ĿԱҴߡ
ľЩ˵
Ҳˡ


616 
Ļˮľ㵲ѡ
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ηӰɰ巴ɣɳҲϸˮľǺܹģµĽܼ֡
ͱǲ壬õд۵ľ֮⣬ӵдۣɹĶ̫ˡ
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ˮľҡҡͷ
ڰôãӦñҸ֯˲̫ϸ鱨
鷳˰
дۣ
ͷ
Ҫر⣬˭עЩϸڣ
ԭֻǽǵ֯Ｘ͵˲Ŷѣû뵽Ȼдۡ
ҪѯʣҸôش𣿡
ʵʵ˵
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ˮľε̯̯֣ת뿪
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ҲˣѾ䶨òô̺
ȥҲãҪ˿ţ£ЩҪ
ĵȻ̿ԣǲ
ˣʲô»ȥ˵
ɰĵ̣˶ӣЩ²̸ңǲҲʺϴˮľ˵

ħ֮ɳĮķ粨ʲô£ǲҪɰΪж׼һ޿ɺǡ
ˮľǲкôֵȶ
ԭеϴɰĴҪЮҰ޲ܷʩΪսܱܡ
ڵϴѾˣ֯棬ģɱǿóˮݵĸޡ
ɰ²ˮݣһ㻹ɣ϶ȷϡ˹ⰤֵܻĵϴöԸһ㡣
һ˵ҰӰҰޣһ֯Ƚ׶Ը
Ҫ˭ץ˰ɣ
һԺҷһߣ鷳ǲ
˼׵дǸ⣬ˮľҲ׼
ǲ屻ĻǳҪԵ⡣
˭˭˵ֺԣӰȻǲ屻˭ܷϵġ
ѡĶԴϵ鷳Ͳôࡣ
󲿷ָķû˭ԼΪǴġ
ľҶ߲㵱µˣѾ֮⣬˶ڣܹǱǷǵĵˣѾɵˡ
¸ͲǶԻܹģֻѪϴˢ˭Ѫ
ֻҪңأ
鶼ƻ˵ǲȻҿµĻ
ǲûлƲ߷֮䣬ѡȥɣԼ޹ء
ֵ֮顢֮ͬꡢֻޣֻе˲ܽ鷳
ˮľ֮ڣֻҪַ֤ӡͲľҹˡ
賿͵ʱˮľͻص˴ӣû̫˵ע⣬ˮľؼһˣȻʱǻΪˮľֻǹسٵˡ
ڣˮľΪһ¾֮дһݱ潻˸֣ɰ¼ϸϡµĶȵȡ
Ȼڼӵһдۡ˵Ҳһἰˣڸôͷۣˮľ͹ܲˡ
ǰľܣˮľûмҲû˭˵ȻҲʲô֪
ԼвҪû̫ʱЩ⣬֮£õֲõʬ⾡ҪˮľʱúоһSĸ߼Ͻ̺ĺڰĶɲֻġ
̿ԣӦþԭβܽץʱ䣬ܽûвμɰٰ̿ԣҲ֪ûб¶Ƕͷɶλ᲻š


617 ֮
ֻ֮Գɰ˹ؿפϵľҶ̶ľҶ塣
Ҳʱ䲻ǺܽţܳôΪһ±ԺԽԽ٣̵Sڡ֯ʼʽж֮󣬻Ͳܳˡ
д۵飬ҲûˮľӦԼһ¼׵鱨
漰̫Ļܣλ̹ף߸׿ڸ֪ȻĻǲнġ
ҲֺҲ֪òֻ֪࣬ĻǲľҶɳļ
Ȼû죬ͷԼĴ㡣

ˣ
̱ڰ칫ҵϵĿ̫ã
ˮľЦеĿɶɫÿӷơ
ǰ
˫ָ£°ͣ۽ǵĿ̾һ
ԭΪİѾ׽еĺڰû뵽Ȼ޿κε顣
ҪǵϻӰЩȻȫӭж⡣
ҲŲʺǸλðܲЩѹǰˣԺҲõȥ
ָӦ丸ľ˷ïɱ¡ʱǨ͹ȥˣеĴҲѾγɵ˺ȴδȫʧӵصǲҰԭյı硣
Һܺ棬ˮľǲ屻´ҶĪҿóǲ̬ȣƺرӣ
Ӻ˵𣿡
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һЩ鴮ĻЩ鵹ǿ⣬ֻǣ̫ˡ
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ʵĲ˵ô
ʱ򣬿
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ǲϣһֻʱЧͲдۣӡǿᵼʲôĺ˵һͿܾͻԵĺ
һͲд֮ǰû֪ԭίʸ񣡡
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ˮľ˼ףɲȰ㣬ҲǾ棬֪̫࣬˵ԲǺ¡
ͺãķܣҶǲ˵ˣǲ˻ûд۵ĹԶûн
浽һ죬˵ࣿ
ˮľЦһ
Ҳ˵Ҳ֪ʱعˡ

ͷ
д˵˿͸δѪ޽磬ô
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ˮľգգ۾
Ȼô棬Ҿʹ󷢴ȱظһԤԣᵱĿӰϽһ׼ɣõʱֲ
˵Цˡ
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²̫ģȻѰ֪ĵ˽࣬Щ˲֡׵飬ҷ£·ǳ֣ɱǲĿûκιϵ
ѾˣЩ飬ѾҪˣ֪ˣȻ˸֪ģ˵ûʸ֪ı״ͱøǿɣ
ȻˮľĻЩҲòϣˮľĻǶԵġ
֪̫࣬ûܵߣġȻܹ֪ܵĻǺܶġˮľҲװ˺ܾõӣû˸Ҷ˵ģһţҲû˸ҽô

Ϻ磬ǲܼ᳡
ʵطأǲǿʢǰҲû˸ҿ̽ʵ
Դǲɢ֮мֵĶɨһգֻ´˵дʯ
ǲҲ鿴üΣдۣȻԶʯʲôܡ
Ͳдۣ
һյ͵ƣŻ谵ߣʯ۲ãȻûκջ
ǲʣµϣͲд۵ϸȫҲˡ
βܿǺͷ
׼ȷ˵֪һԡ
ɱô
Ѫֻвеı
ǲǿν
ô
֮ͬԼֻһɣͷģĳޣԸǸ˵ԸǴԼķʽ


618 
ȻһЩ֮鱨ǲɱ˵飬ǾԲģʲôɣǿԭµĽڡ
ľҶ壬ڵûʲôС
кܶԼȷʵ֪񿨿ʦ˵Լûг̫ѹ׼˸ʱ뱻ġ
ȻʦѾ˵ˣӵедۺԼǲĸûκιϵʱҲҪ
Ȼкܶ鱻ˣΪֹûҪƭ
Ҫ飬ֵ֮õǲĿ꣬ʱǲ֮дҲ١

ʱûܼ׵飬ܹܡ
ǲ֮ҹֲڴ˻Ӱ֮λвپʧԶǲ֪ţĹ̲ʮ˽⡣
ǲıң֪˼֪ɱǲ飬ӵĲ̶ȵжҲֱֻƿĿԳն־Ųλˮ׺תСһȫ֪
ƺĴǲʬ塢һд۵䣬Ҳֻ־Ųܹ֪ˡ
־Ųؾ͸ɴˣԲտڲԣģɵĵطȫƸѾ˵ĿȫκԼĹʧ
Ұ
ǸյõµĹ־Ųص鱨ˮľҲΣıеְҵǱţҪ̽˷ķҾƲġ
˵öԣӰʲôò£
΢е˶Ψ²ңˮź㣬Բ¿ϵĴͳ
Щ˵ͷ죬϶δ˥쳶Ƥˡ
ȻҪߣӿˣˮľֻֽ̻ۣƴһѡ
ȻЩ粨ҲֻͣľҶ߲㣬һߺͨǰͰҲֻˮľʱпաҲʸ֪ĺȲȺһ߿֡
Ҳҹˮľʲô鱨ˮľ鷳һ֪˵껹ᣬûʸЩ顣
֮ĵ߰Ǹ鷳ӪˮľѾСӣΪܽˣͱ鷳ˡ
ˮľһԶ̬֮ȣøҲ޿κΣֻ취־ŲزʹжӣҲûʲôЧ

߰һԱҰӣˮľѾ̵˿ˡ
˵ʵڵģԭҪһİ֣ڿϣˡ
ʵ̫죬ͨѾȫûˮľĽŲˡ
СӣʣҲѵһ˲ţи̵ֽСӣ׷ѰĽŲô̫࣬ˮľȻҲ㾡ľؽ̵ˣҲֻǲĳ̶ȶѡ
ʵӡȫͷţʵʼ
˵֮ǰʸ񻹱ȽǿĻѾȫӢˡ
ϵİԷӡĴĿµԿףҲ⿪һ֣ܹβˣʵֻͻͽݡ
Ȼ˵ʮֿɿսѾõ˼ǲʵ
ʱƣ˶ƿܷӳԽԽǿ֮ͻὫͨԶԶ˦ں档
СӣʵˮľĽ̵£ôչȥĻͬϣģһʱ䣬϶ԶԶ
СӣҲᵽ֪ˣߵ˵ı仯ġԭܹһϳ̵ڴԼΣոоԽԽʢˡ
ԣеָйСӣѵ¶֮ɫˮľѯʡ
ǿ
ˮľֳΪ֮ɫһЩֶΣˮľҲеģСӣδûʲôô
СӣҲ㲻ˣһҼûзͻŪټʲôܹ׻֮ӲеȨСӣĽɫǸĦ˹ֻҽ߽ϵĵߡëСɵĵλͬ
ĽɫҲǺҪˣҪҫۣ൱ѵġ
ȻҲȫҪڴﵽĳ̶ȣ൱ˡ
Сӣ˼ˮľҲ֪
Ľ֮飬ˣŮҲࡣ
ˮľûЦܵ뷨ҲûкСӣ̸۹Щ⡣
ȻôȣҲû˼ȻۣȻѧĽȣҪжջ񣬱ȻҪ׼ô
ˮľ˾ķգΪԼģʽ̽һ·ðűӡɵΣɳ֮·ҲбβɵĿܡ
֪ˣʦң
ðɣˮľ֪ࡣ
һԸİĽ֮˿ʵ̫΢ִŵҲᣬֻϣԺҪ˶ʧ


619 ʾ
Ҫ̸СӣʲôʵҲû̫ѡ
ˮľ̸СӣмֵǻϷ˯硣
ķչǱ൱õú˵ܸı硣
СӣҪܹսˮľõó֣ܺдᲢ۵ģҲֻģʽ
ģʽộ
ʵڲðգȫհˮľз϶ʣϰٿβ޲ҲСӣ⡣
Σ̫ķȡ̫ķӲС
СӣѾԸ֪ȻˣôͨڤϤȻòŰͰϰٿβ޲
Ȼβ޲塢ԼȻǾԽֹġ
ģʽ
СӣʮָˣּΪǿҽΪСӣѾüˮľʹˡ
ƽʱˮľСӣǿܵˮľʵĽޣģʽˮľȫͨߵķ룬ˮľ˼ɵڡ
̽ϡһɣؼˮľģʽûκδУȫԴģǾζзʽǿԴеġ
ɾײ˻Ѫ޽ȫһ
˵һ˵ӣʣˮľԽ漣Ƶϣñ˲ǵĸԭ˭Ҳ֪ˮľǲصĵط
Ѿģʽˣ
̫أ
ˮľͷһưˮ
ֲвͣ£ҲҪɣȫҪ˵ģʹҪѧµҲǰĿγ̾¡ҰŽ㣬ǿҪġЩǾȽϺã
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óӡʦɲǺ⡣
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Сӣ㶵ؿˮľ
ģʽЩֵĶյȥˡ
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ˡ
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ЩþֶŻйɵ𶯣
ˮľЦЦٴηų֪Ȼۼֱۣջһ£׿ĵطεĹҳһӡ
СӣУˮľֶֻ˶ڸ֪Уȴܡ
뵽ʲô
ǲǻþֶĴڵģ
Щ
Сӣ룬Ȼ̽ʵ
ЩܹʩչѵҲǲ
ǿ˰ɣ
ܹóۣСӣҲǲˡ
ӱ˵ǺͲͬ࣬ҲкܴĲͬϸ˵鷳ԺȤһ㣬˵
ˮľСӣɢȥֱϵβ޲ԼģʽҲͣ
ֶһ㱻ΪȻ̽޴ڵһǿǿҲԣ϶ĲҪΣյö࣡
Ȼ
ţ̽ķֲǺƽеĵطŨеĵطϡάֵƽ⣬ƫġ
Ϊʲôǰû˷ֹ
˭˵ûУֻ̫֪ѣ
۷ڵǿߣ֪ﵽ˼֮󣬻ٶȻĴڣܹõָ
ģʽĲ˶ȻΪõսʽʱȻ޾ģܹģǴ˵еˡ
ˮľ˵ѾСӣ֪˰βˮľղŵۡ
⻹ô
ҪĶˣ
ˮľ¶ΪõЦݡ
Ϊʣǿšˡ¹ЩԼ׳ɵƺţ


620 ʼ֮
˵ſɲֻ˵˵ѡ
ʹĲʹȻڵָıе֡
ܹʹùߣùӸӵĹߣǻҰķҰ嵽̽磬ǻҰ޵Ľޡ
ߴֻѹեɽȻˣսǿֻһ棬ؼ̬ϷʵķԾ
Ȼ˺ˮľԭһ˻ǲһġ
ģʽȽϲãûͼȻΪУֻǱʹģʽعУǱĬطı䡣
ϾԪ֮ս֮󲻳Բȡͬ١ԡ
ȻԭЩƣڱȴкܴͬĸֻ֮ǺԵġ
֮£ʮβʵģʽһȻĴβ޺϶Ϊһ̬ʽʵӽӽ̽յ㣬˵ľβģʽǺܺõֻּ֣ķ̫̫࣬βޣԶģʽ硣
Сӣüͷһᣬεҡҡͷ
ʦ˵Ҵˣģʽǿ󣬵Ϊʲôеô٣
˭ʸģʽģ
ˮľ˶١
ô˵ɣ޴ڵȻ󺣣߾Ҫ򣬲˷˵洬ߵĸ֪ǲҪеĴ㣬洬ȱһɣ
֪УǿҲץ㣬ҲǾ󲿷ߵľʣǳԸƣ㲻ͬѾԸܵȻĴˣҲһ־ģʽĸԱܿ⡪㣬洬󡢲̣ϲǷƽ˾һӿĲҾҲʱз
˵ҪʵģʽıҪʴӱľֿȭҲһı£Ŷľ۵δؾͲץ㣬սĴҲһʧ
ֻߵյȫһһ㣬յҪǿö࣬һʱѣҲܹƽһεĻᣬСֻܳιˡ
ˣԣҿԡ
СӣͻȻһֱĬĬطãСӣϵƻûб¶Ϣ¶;ʱ̹ӦĿҶ֪벻ܻҪá
׾ͺãʹóĻֻҪʺϿƲ൱Դͷ˵ܵ飬˵⣡
߼ߵ׶ڿЩʲô⣬Сӣ˽ˣһ߼ôӮһǿУʲô޽ս
߲Ż飬ʵһ̶ȣϸ֦ĩڵС¾𲻵Եˣ֧ԼһĻʯǶְҵѡ
ҪģʽȻ᲻㣬еΣգҲˡȻǳΣգ֮ǰԲҪţȻյڲ򣬳ʲô⣬Ҳһܹȵ㣡
֮Ǹֲ˺ĺֶΣһʮСŮ;˽⣬ǳ˵Ρ
Ҫ㹻ĸ򣬲ҵ·ľУһ֮еСŮǶţ١
˽һʱмƻ֮ˮľʹСӣȥˣģʽУˮľ̸ֻô֪ȻôһϳûиСӣһʱ̲סСѡ
β޲Ȼĸ֪˫£Ӧ𵽻ٽãȵˮɵʱһģʽ׵İ취

ΪľҶ죬ּرעĳߡ
СϵˮľȻһЩС鷳Щ鷳ಢɵģˮľֻǽЩںڰ֮еһһҴѡ
ԣ¶ΪӰҲܶˮľôΨһѡ
ɼõӰĸ־ƣߣǻһضŻӰ֮λϼһʱʱҪԼѿ
ЩһһЩο顣
ˮľ׼ģʽ̸Сӣˣ
ǰִ֪кμ̣
ûʲôעⰲȫ
ˮľʱһڣ⻰ôôŤ
Ÿһӿɽ̵飬ˮľƲƲ졣
ˮľģʽȥĳЩѾڴܾ˰ɡ
κһģʽķҪûܹ̳Уӵʧɾʹˡ


621 
ߵĴжϾж鷳һ仰˵
̫ԶĶĿӰǧͲˣǿˮԼӡ֮ϵĴľҶû˻ãҪǴ衢ˮźͼٶϸԭ˼Щɴ˵еˡ
ٶս֮黯֮ʹ˾ˮʹʬ⾡ӡβ֮ˣⶼʵлӡ
ÿһʱ䣬ܻ̽мݾѵߴһЩûе
ϵۡǧķչ֮ġ
̴û취ǿ߽ȥ߱Ͼ̴˽൱ǿͱǧ䴴ĻתԭǲԸ˼ģԾԸоߡ־Ų֮Ҳֻܹ͵͵ؽС
ˮľϵģʽҪ˵ûۺǲܵģ˭Ҳûˮľôʹڶ˭ҲҲԼһ֮顣
˹ע֣˵еģʽҲֻ˵һǶǵĴԣôУһͷˮ
һ̴˵ģʽҲǲѷɫ֧
С̴ֻҪĸ˳ЩҲ˺ʹ̴аĵ
ֻҪһ룬ҰľͻȻˣѪ̭ʹ˶˴Уµس̶ȣɱȶʧһֻβҪضˡ
ֻһ˻ᣬܹǲյ飬һˮľΪˡˣǿľͿˡ
ͨʥشеģʽϾˣЩס
ľɽֵΣǲϺľҶһ£˵׼
ԣˮľһģʽĴľҶ֮ĳЩҲǷˡ
ôˮľܲţй˵飬ؼϢӣһ̡̣ϽץС͵С̷֮£Ҳò鷳ˮľˡ
˵ӣˮľҲǳͷۣСҸոտʼѧϰ·ԿҪһĺ˵Ѿܹ˵򵥵ĴˣűǿҲǴڼ˯ˡ
һʢСӵжˣˮľҲᵽˡ
ˮľĵģǽô졣
ٳһ㣬СҾͲں͸ĸˣˣڻûкˮľͬεŮ
¹⼲îϦͽˣӲҲ˰ɣԳɰ˹ϦպĺӣӦҲ̫Զˡ
ڿСҿҪΪͬеĴˡ

ˮľÿСۣ㶼ҪҫҵĺӣҲҪһǵĸܰ
ɽҶóƣϴʦ֮ƺ˲ѹ
һΪϲǰ㲻Ǻϴ춹ϵͦôûˣ
ľҶƻǶʱ䣬սнһԵԭΪǻߵһ𣬲òƲô£
е£
ɽҶһ
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ˮľһϢ
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ݱ٣ʲôʱעЩˣ
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ô
ڴڵУЩְλб䶯ġ
ҲѹֻݱٻģΪӢʦûʲôǱڽÿ϶˸˵ˣεְλݱѾϺþˡ
ְ㹻ˣһοǸϲˡ
ѹĿӵĴʦ̫ȥҪְλ
ݱЩź̾һ
жͼƻõģֻЩ̸£ϵڣͱľҶϵն״󵶣嵽Ҫʲôܽ任
ûӦĴۣҲͽвȥˡ
ˮľ֪Ҳֶӳ⣬ոᵽϴ춹ܿҲС
޵ľºԵĿ꼫Ϊԣײ֯ΧռŵѹǵĻռ䣬ΪԺĳͻ׼ҲľҶ
ľҶѵжһ򱣳֮һЩǡҲѾǲ´󽫳ľҶ壬ѯ̽ҵԵɡ
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626 
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627 Բˬ
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ϿûܹˮľʱռĽ硣

ħͻȻýǶͷɶҲһ֮ʱеĿ־Ҳͨ˺ö١
ǹǺѵûʲôܹеͨޣ
ڻ׼һսĽǶҪ˻߶ûļһ
ΨһܹǵİѾˮľɱˣҪŪһֻҪʱ׼Ļᣬʵеġ
СͨʹֽԽǶͷɶδȥֻҪ뿪ط˾ŵĵطҲ˷أ²УҲԴߡ
ʹôΧ۶ݡľԲСԿ϶Է޷ƣֻҪмޣбԵĿܡ
֮ͨ
ѸٽСͨΣʱ̣Ҳ˲̫ĺˡ
С϶״Ҳ˽⣬ֽžۼγɾ޴ĳԼϣͬʱ˫ĵֽƬһֻľ
һ㣬ֽҪȼˡ
ҺһγԹˮľĴС׼ƵͻֽţһֽҪɡˡ
ǶͷɶҲûгɣѸ񱳣Ȼſʼɡ
ܣ
ʮöȵҽ·Լٶϳ
ɷ۶ݡƺ֮
ԹԵˮľһ£ҪԶ߸߷ɣȹԼһ˵
ļӳ֮£Լд˸ߵɢ䣬Сϲϵʹ𱬷ֽ｣ײñըʣµĲ־͵ֽжˣʵڶ㲻Ҫķӡֵ
ڼѵܹУΪʹűΣյʱ⡣
ô£
쳣̾Ĺע
ãϽ
̫ˣ
Ϸʵ֮дһ˫ֱ۴ץס˶˫
ôûʧأӦþ˰ɣƺδӣҲӰѾɡ
ŴδתȻӿسڣԭжĶʱһ͡
ɱǣ
ɱ˭
ķɶβԵʵ
һɵ
Ŷ򵥣
ɶѸٳϵѪɨֱӱնϣˮľ۶ʱճҽסˡ


628 ֮
ɶεܴһն϶ʵ֣ģʽµˮľԶԶˡ
ЩԾ۶׷ķɶΣþȫˮľ𶯵ʱ򣬾Լʱˮľû취
ûѪҺ˾ƾѪʩչˣܲܽҽ䵱ý顣
ɶλһѪѭء
ˮľѾȫ޷Ķϰһ˦һֽ·ҽлΪҽ
ʬ壬ˮľѾõһˣЩûʲôֵǶĴ֮ĺڰҲʤ޵ջѾٶ༸Ҳ
ЩﶼǴҪģǸɵĵ˸мֵ
ôҲӣ
˫ֻڰĵǰסˮľȥ·̺ݵˮľЩɵԷɶεѪϡ
ڶѾɵˣķ˴⣬Ѿɵƫֻͨó;ϺˮľûκƵġ
ô״̬£ˮľĻͳһأοԼҲսҲᱻЩѵ
˺ڰܶˮľЧ˺֮⣬һ͸ˮľĽ࣬ҡ
ҽɲǺѡ񣡡
ˮľ½ˮľΪ֧㣬һһҳߣץסֱۣѸٸʴ塣
̫ӽ۶ݾֿԡ
ȡˮľλõǰס
ˮľȻ֣һѽɶǰ
ʱһڵѱĸϮˮľ㵵ʱˮľʵ͵ȫ򴩡
ˮľҲֻüܹҪڵĲҲΪ֮һ͡
ôڰɢ䣬ÿ죡
ˮľԽǰӰ˺
㲻Ǳסô
ڹεǣ֮£Ͳʩչͨٻô
ԶɫͷСϲոƽϢ
ͨô⣡
ôһˣҲֻǱֻݵĿܣϺ͸̾Ʒ죬ϵͨͿٻΪֻۺݵʹһٻƣ̽һַӡתдӡԷؽӡȻʺϵʱųȻҲͨ
⣬ͨҲ
֪Ҳ޼£û뵽ǳ˿ԽܵĲԽ׳⣬ֻҪһССıʣƻͳױˡ
Ϊʱռֻãŵļһ
ٵµĺڰþˣ˽ľ룬ֱӽˮľ֫ظ˼
һζˮľ۶ײڣڵĲĴײģʽάֲסץסɶεĲҲѸٱˡ
ʧ󣬾Ǵڡˡ֮ܾ˵սʵʩĿԡ
УֻˮľʵԼԶԶСϱҪ֮⣬ȫǲ֮
ǷɶΣܴĳ̶ȱˮľҪصö࣬Ȼ磬һ˲е㿨֮⣬쳣ˮľȴжѣ
ûˮľĸпˮľڰشʱ򣬻ڰɨ۶ѾˮľɵסĻӻ
ߵвˮľû̫ģûôΣˮľҲһ
һ۸ոҲܵشƲ̫أֻǱڰĳõȥ޷Ʋάֲ۶ݣϵѸٳ־ǡ
Ǳء
ξ͵ɣã
ˣ֮ǰżݻҲǹˣռûռˣʤ˵
Ϊӵõ
ͷˮľҲ治ɫȷʵЩɻ
֮䣬һʵϣˮľ࣬ס˽Ҫˮľϵĺڰ
͵۶һڰɽϣҲײˮľϣ˫˫ֽ
˵˼仰ʱ䣬ĻҲˡ
˫ǰͼˮľϣ
ĿɲǺϰߣ
УˮľЯŲҵϣŷɶ˲֣ڷɶξٴץס塣
ôܣ
֪ڰС־ȡ
Ȼάģʽ
Ϊ˭
ڰȷʵˮľ˴ֳ䲻ҲֻеһЧٶȼĺڰȷʵܴ󣬵ȴͷˣ塢ûͣڲˮľĿֻҪЩʱָƿ塣


629 ɱ
սصЩԶСɽϣʹ۲̬ķչ
ʲô
ùǻԹ
綼ҽƻˣûȥ飬Ǿ˵
ȫβ޿ԸıΣȫܺһƽɽҲ¡
ˮľûͲдۣҲ̫ˡ
ûੲݣǲд۹۲ϵļս
ܿ죬ˮľսپ̶ֳȵܼ̫á
ɵ㲻ȥæ
ûбҪɱˮľžˣ
ôĴΪ˵ȥðգҪٴ֮Σ֣ŹҲԼˡ
ֻҪ˻ţôڣסֻۣĻᡣ
˰ɣ
ô룬Ŀ֮ǰǲģ
һδսսսʮǰβϮ塢սľҶ塢ԼԼʦˮŵʱ
ˣ߰ɣ
ʵ֮⣬̴Ӱǿ߲ûƣǿͳ죬ܷӳֻ
ֻҪƣڳ֮ǰ̽ĿǰûĶ֡
ȻʧصҲסˮľ
Ƕͷɶζˣǿϲɺء
ûǰȥ֧Ԯ˵ûбɵֻҪ֪һ͹ˡ

ˮľĲֱץסɶεڿٿ
ιǿЦİɣ˭˭ˣô϶ң
Žӽˮľɶʮء
ֻҪˮľһͿʹʱռԼץߣʱɾͱɱϵˡ
ʶץסˮľѸٽ任ɳͬʱõץס˷ɶεĸ첲
˾޴ˮľȻγɵĴҲβƣмķɶξκõ
ֶţԷɶ˵ܵļ尾
֪˵ķɶѪԼĸһӣѲ֮Уɶαֳ룡
ĲҽУɶα˻һˮľʹ÷֮ʧӰ١
뿪
һ뵽ǹҽΣоͻ֮ȥ
ֽϱˮľ۶ջٵĲֱСȻֽŲȶ뿪
ڱشķɶΣһָ塣
Ժǲ͸޶ж
Ƕͷɶεĳڲ֮Ըͨ൱ЧֻҪܾɱǣᱻǵĲԸ
ˮľֲıֱɱȻʬ𼣵ֶΣʵ̫ˣǲ͸޷ȽóԸˡ
һжΪ˻ӣⲿвҲѭؾˡ

֮Һߣﲻõˮľڴϵơ
һǵһǣӵв֮ĵ˺ܿʹͬھľԵпֲܻ
Χ޲𹥻͸ڱߵͻϮȵȣԺҪصע⣬ϻתĵˣٴ
ˮľͷϵۻ࣬ݵߵһӰġ
˵Լȡϣǡ֣Ҫ㻹ڣԴ
ûǼӵʱ仺壬Ԥϣǲܵģˮľĺ֣ġ
ڸʱԼ˴ɾͲˡ
кãᴩ˿ˣˮľ˵Ѵ
ţ
˵һᣬûеõӦˮļ̌ͷ
Ƭʲôоģ
ɶεѪ⣬ˮľǰŪˣϸûκμֵоֶû壡
ֻ֪һرĸоҲ˵
ˮľЦЦվһŽŲ֫߷ɡ벻Զڻ̵֮УȻѸٱճɻҽ
õȥô÷ɶβɣ
ϣʼ硣
ǰ˾ƾѪ
ԼļһһƬƲһⶪҲѹֻеЩ΢
ʱԶ޶ħͻȻʧ
Ӧǻص˪֮ĵ»ˣҲˡ
ˮľΪǿľݵӰ⡣
ǲû¶棬ˮľЩģڰֶεļһ˼ɵ

ˮľصӵʱɫѾˡ
ϵѪȳˮľŷĵ߽±Ŀ
ÿʹǧĴϢռĲ
²֧ţ֧ôǿظдѹǺܴġ
ſԽΧͨ˲ɱմӼҵսйںƽĲУˮľѾˡ
ɱ˵ɷҪһʱƽ˼ɢ򣬲ԾɢѹȸпɲֻſСӡ


630 Եľ
ĿˮľͻȻе˲Ŀ漴

űƿȮڣˮľУ
ʱˣôûߣ
ֵֵ࣬ˮľ칫ƻţ͹
ţ
ˮľ˿ЩŵȮڣӦˮľϵѪζȮڣеĳ侲ŮЩɡȻأʵֻȮڣ꣬ȰоĴϻҲȮڣࡣ
㻹ʲô£
ЩļҪϿɣѾüûˣ
Ұɣ
ʹ⽻̸ˣɲһʱܽģΪһЩӲʱ䡣
⼸쿨ȽæʲôϾˣ
֪ˣ
ȮڣóһЩϣˮľַ˷͸Լӡ¡
ҹô
ִ˲֮ǰ
ţ
ˮľͷÿɷ
ҪҪȥִ֪ͨˣ
Ȯڣ̽ʵ
ˣ
ˮľϵļݸȮڣȻͿѾߵſڵĸ֡
ȥɣ
Ȯڣʰöֺˮľ֮˳ȥ

ˣ
ִһ¾Щήҵˮľ
ֻۿɲöԸ
ˮľЦŴ
ɵӵֻһĿܣҲлɱɶΣûɹ
ô
˵صͷˮľʵ̶ȡˣӦĵˡ
Ҳһȥ֮ûлֻۣ
⻹Ǹ⣡
ˮľϸһᣬεش
ѣȻȫ޿ܡֻӵֻĿܣ֮һҲ޷ǡ
˿ɲֻЩӵֻı壬ԼSʵ£ټһЩһҲû̫İգ
رһֻоβ̶ֳȵʵܹѷӡħӮеѡ
һ⣬Ҳģʽʱƺ鷳Ҳûʣ˺־˵ЭҲм޵ġ
ԭˮľøӦòôǵ⡣
֮С˵ġ֮صСǲͬնġ
ǿܹЩһΪһСط
ҪûֳֻǲҪͼһ˵߸͹ݵйͬĸ
Ӱ֮ǿұóսһӢ⣡
زѾǰɱս˵ʱˣ³űȻкƶƻ
ֻսɱ¾Ѫû˴ʹͼ
ټƲĺھ붼˾Ϊ
ȻҪٿӰᡢ齨̽ˮľҲųһЩϢ׾ź̴
ôûоѵ壬Ͳںһֻ֯Լ
ˮľĻøҲԶԣҪ漰ͬ顪ҲָͲЩѯ˵
עѪ̵ѧȴ·ΪʦҲʲô飬Ҳǲ⡣
֯͡Ӵˮľжϻǿŵģ̽˵ģ̴ҪһӢۣҲֻгĿǧһ֮ı׳١
Ǿɣ
ִͶȡɵĿԡ
ǵýһϸ񱨸棬βʱҪ⴫
֪ˣܽӦû˰ɣ
Ȼûеһʱἰ̫
Ӧǻˣʲôʱѹͺ˵ˡ

ڵβޱӰҲǺܴ󣻵ҪǱ룬ᷢʲôˮľҲ˵׼
ֳβ޺ܻܿᱻʱɱ÷ӡǿиȴδأˮʬ⾡ָβˮľϵСغ׾Ǵ
ֻҪܽڵβ޲㹻֧㹻ˡ

ڶһ磬ˮľͽӪβϸ߽˸֣صᵽԼսӦԡԻŷ⾡ħ²⣬˸ֵע⡣
䱳ʮĳ֯Ѻͻ״̬øҲټؿʼǧּǧһЩϡ
ʮβ翵Ĵ˵񻰿ʼ߽ʵʱ򣬲òһЩ˿ʼӼľƵ׻ҵʲô̶ȣ
ˮľȥһҽԺػһ»Բѵܽ
ѾȬˣԳ֣СӦò⡣
ܽﱻӡβķӡѾƣˮľôŶݽ޲ʱӦò⡣


631 
ѪǵԣȴûͶһ̥ܽ˾ͬҪԭ
ľҶΣգҲ̲Ļᡣ
ˮľƽƽˣҲǿѱġ֮ӡŶȹΣա
һУ˹עʸǷԼʲô
ûз飬˭Ҳ˵׼ԭˮľõдա
ˮľЩ˼Ժת뿪ط
ԼѾǾľİæˣܽδǸֿǵ⣬ôһЩҪҪˮľȥ

ս֮ˮľʵǻٶ˵ˡ
ˮľ˵Ҫƣս֮󣬺׾ʹøֶλָ
е㲻ͬ
ð۽ת۵¶״γԲʧܣ
֮ۿеİ۵쳣״ԽԽˣĽҲ˺Σֻܽ۷ӡʱľ
ԭҵˣ
۵ųԡԣ׼ȷ˵Ӧת۵ųԣ
תۣ
𰸻˾ȡ
תۻɣ
ˮľĹƣҪǿпתۣĵĲǸ֣ˮľȥ͵ʮβĲֲһ£Լۣٹʮ궼һá
Ȼ
Щش
ˣȻľϳɵǴԻЧġÿͷʩչշþͨ޵β޻ȵȶйء
֪м޵ģ˵ۻᱻתۣǾǸЦ
ô򵥣һͳ̽ˣǧֺǲĳͷ֮գ
½ۣ
ҡҡͷЩεش
ԱȰ۵ۺʵдۡȻԶԶдۣǻԶдۣԲŻȭ֡ôֻһתۣӰ۽Ҫ׶Σ
ˮľ֮Զԡ
ܹһλֻ۵ģֻˡǲ߶ʵʵӹд츳ŬΪͲдۣԵɺ֮£ֲ˵ܵǲȪεͲд۵ͫŵԳɾͲдۡǷѾ˼ϸ㵽֣ħʮ֮£ǰųɾֻۡͨİ۽תۣҪʲô
⻹Ĳûشתۿɴİۺϳˮľ֪ģһַǴͲľһȡڼҵİȻֲϳɡ
ǰһַӦǿеģʱͨеķ򣬵һʱɣˮľûмԲȷ
˵۵ĽҲܴд۵Ͳдٵֻ۵Ḷ́
ֿʵ൱ϵİ۾һӣ
ֻˮľгԣֻ۵ı׼ǲߵֻͫĹǲͫڳָͲдָۣͫ͸ˡ
ͨ۵ȫһģֻǿӰĽı䱾ʣµȼдҲͬС졣
۽յδֻתһ̬Ҳм̻߸ֲ컯֧̬ûзʱ䣬һЩ߼̬еײְɣ㹻ĳ̶ȣ˳µرתۣȻ
ֿԣˮľô֪ȫûⷽϣ
һãȻˮľ˵
û˰ͰתۣڼҺͷּҵƶȣǾðյĿܣģʽðɣǸ֪ı׶֮ǰȭŵǣôתģʽ԰۵Ӱ죬ȻҲһ֪
ô˵ʲôô
΢΢һЦ
ò̽һҵİԡ
ˮľƣ̽ӡеİۡ
ף
ܵˣ
ˮľͷ
ڱգеӡ
㣡ֻҪǷ˵ĲӴڱ֮У⡣Ȼʱܻ޷
ҪǼʱӡټϢռĲ棬궼֧š
ӡѾֻͣҪʹò״Ӧûʧٴʹ˻ԽԽء
ǿгȡ˲ӡɿơ
״ѾˣˣòҪʹðۣѪ
Ͼдֻۡ۲һǳͷβѪ޽磬Щʵڲô⡭
ˮľ̾һ
дΪʲôûбΪͲдۣ
ԭУд۵ӡ״ֱ̬ΪдۡͲдֻۣǲǵĶܹõģȴԼںϾͿȻҪĲ˾
Ĳԭˣ
ˮľ
ľͷֻۺת۶࣬һ̽ľ֣һȻѾ̽磬ԴĲȻܴ


632 
ʵЩΣˮľѾҪߵļˡ
һĵ·ûУѸϵϵĴ̽սˡ
ʮβôԸ
Щռĳֲɱ⣬ôӦԾͱճ̡
ٿ¡һˣ
ˮľЩɣѪ߿¡壬ˮľļֵ͡
ûֱӵսת۵ĿҲֻͣϡ
ȻѾ˳ɹףĲˮľʵջ۵Ϣռϲʮβ
ȭˮľ޷ӳսľ裬һֻ۾͹ˡ
Ŀǰо˵ĲԴƫڻסԺ˵Եƽȡ
Բ㣬ѷӳҲѹ˻Եؿȭ˱ȽϻԼҽ֮⣬Ĳʺʹá
Ҫ
ռֻΪ˷۲β޲СӣӰ죬һʼûнϳת۷ϣڵĳԣҲֻǿп޵֮̽١
Ҳ㹻ĲתۣҪ׼һǧļܵõıβޡرʮβǼ޾ĲǿҲֻһ룬ʵʩļƻûСΪЩĿܣٴһô
һĳԣҴĵΪԼһ²⣬һ磬ܾЩʡ
㿴Ű죡
漰ʺ͵⣬ҲֻˮľԼˡ
ĵǻ£ܱɱҪöˣ
ôôһƬ֮ͻȻֵ漣ûеüֵǲбҪЩ̫ˡ
Ǻѳܵģ
ˮľЦЦûʲô
ҽ·£ĿǰİҲֻе춯û̫صΣҲӰ۵Ĺ۲ʧ˾ֱժʱ취٣
ðɣ
۵²ǺܼһͱȽϼˡ
˪֮ǲĵ»Ūħ׾ˮľ˶ַʽԽЧǲ롣
еϧǣκħѾݡ｣һħ֯ҽʱ̫ˡ
ŵһƴĺ̿Ǹ֪ˣ͸ܲЩĲ
ħ֯ʧ̫죬ϸСƬͱɻˡҪǶ죬̿ò
ʲôã
ɢ»еԣþҪ͸ˡ
ˮľãؼⶫˮľû취ԲˬȫҩͷҩͲá
Ҳѹ֣ǱʣˮľҩȡԴȫһȼ͸СҩȥŪδһЧʵ̫ˡ
ӪȫûзӦ
ԣ
ôʲôͬ
ˮľЩɻ󣬽ע̿档
Ǻ޷Ӧףԣ
ǰһȻвյļȻǳ΢ȷʵлָף
ʲô
һ߸о͹ЦЦ
ʵܼ򵥡
ӹħĲкһߵҺ档
ħղ׾ֲϸ
ˮľһ
ô򵥣
βֶʵûôϽʵмʣֻҪҵӦԿףܶ鶼ӭж⡣
ˮľͷ˼
ˮľ񵽵ħƬѾҪɥʧˡ
ħıǣղһ
ղҲҪ;СءӶ̽Ȼϵ罵˰Ҳֶ֮һ׾ǿҲ㡣
ħƬֻǱȽϼӲһġľƬֻĸ֮£ղ
ⶫɥʧղĹܣֻҪҸط˶þˣճһŽ̿ЩԣѾΪǿˡ
Ƭܹղʲôã
ֲԵԱֲܿҲеģ뷱ֳͲǤֳԷֳʽڻһڶ׾֤
̽Ȼʵ˶ãһǧ껹һꣿ˶㲻
ˮľǿΪת۶ʲôһſҪ˵Ƭܹóĳ̶ȣ
ҡҡͷ
ָ¶ǲܵģսҲпޣʵһ£ƬǸܺõ塭


633 ֮
Ͳдиָɫͫˮľ۵ģǿĻӾʲôҲÿվ¶͸Ӳˮľˡ
ֻˮľ֮õ񼼡
дصĽͲд֪Ƶȫ䣬Щ塣
Ψһһ͵ģ
֣Ҳ֮һ˵еĵ
񻰴˵Уطһǳ񻰹£ȥϸ֦ĩڡ֪ٵĴԣľǡֲ֮ء
ǲͲдеͫкܴͬ
Ͳдۣдյۣ֮ݲͬʣͫûȫһģԲűͲ֮
Ͳдͫ͵ģӵԸ
ͫ
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Ϊǲ淴֮ģǲӵȫյļӾҲʵ顣
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639 
ڼʶ鱨ܹ̫׵жϣҲ㲻ˡ
Ѿôọ̃ڰҲʶأǰȸǱȻġ
ഺڵİӣΧ߱ȽҲ⣬屻ĳ޵
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ԭ̴ڵؾ֮û뵽ڻصط
Żôţ
û֪ڲʬת޽ʱ򣬴ôԴǲ
д۵̰ûι
ԴȻ־ŲǳǲѪ޽ǴҪġ
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նĿಽĸ֮۽ľ޴죬ҩʦ̵ᵽˡ
ҩʦѾĬȻþˣ轫ϵʵһ䣬תŵͷ˳İ׷ꡣ
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˵ģӸƣ˻ѿţ
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ָָҩʦۿедۡ
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ҩʦɬػӦԭ뿿ǿ֧д۵ȴľݡ
õģҿпͲд۵ʣ˵ȻʲôΣգڣǽµã磬β䡭


640 
β޻ûдģʹиβദûҲΪ˵ƷβͬǶкøУͱβȻβţ̫õɫ
ˮľġ桱һβҪأغ־СغףҪˮľ˿ˡ
ȻˮľҲûЩ˶ǵļһùϵ
˵İˮľʮԼҪЩ˵Ĵͬ϶Լļֵ
㲻ϵСغףָˮľʲô˵塢ʲôŴǾԲܵġ
籾һķˮľͲܽڲɿĵϡ
ξռ䣬ˮľŶƵСغףͽ͵Լ󣬽Լ¡
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û˻ƽӹӵ֮󣡶ŮڣԼӲὫŪһ㡣

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Կܲܽβ޲Ͷ䵽ָϡ
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ԭˣӵ㹻βģʽԤڵЧβҲǺģ
˲ӣβ޲Ĵݾжˣ˻ǿмβģʽҲ漴ɢ
βģʽûռļֵٿ֧𼸸˵ʵ飬ңǰβ޵Ĳ²Ҳõ֤ʵ


641 ʵ
β޴ˮľİʲô
Ӧñ֪ȻһҪ;ɡ
β޻ǿĹ۶ݣȫǴβ޲һеĻģʽ
ˮľ޷ʹģʽʵ½٣
޷׼ȷụֻ̂˻ĵ·Ҳµıˡ
ǰδеĿ״̬ģʽΣձԵĴۣȡ̽κһϳ̵ĵʧȥЩ±ڵľҲǿ̫ࡣ
ôܽɳ֮ˡôӵ󣬻治ףս϶ָ̫࣬丨ȴܲ
βģʽŶݡԼڰ۵İʹβڵĳԶѻҲǲֶΡ
нʱ䣬˺ҲҪشˣôʱáӳļֵҪˮľú˼һ¡

ε̿ˣƶӰɹĿԷǳ
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ȥɣһֱӽִˣڣԼ˽´ã
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ˮľſ֪͸Ƭĺ̿״㣬ԿһƬǵĲ㷴Ӧ͸ЩĹգһֻĺ״Ųڸ֪е˸衣
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ܹһǰϷ˯㹻ȹ̣ʮβǵĲƬ㹻߲С
䳹ȶ֮ˮľŻῼǼ˵ľӣȻ׳Ϸ˯Ļռ䡣
Ȼⲻʲôֵô飬Ҫ˽жע⡣
ˮľҲûпǹеΣգⲢˮľֵͣɡ
ΪѩĹ棬ķʵǸ˶񶾵ࡢһбĸԴʵܹ֮ӳξϣϷ˯粻ǼҲǺˮޡ
һϷ˯Ĺߣһˮľ⣬Լѡδ


642 
ѾǵľҶѩˣĶҪһ㡣
ˮľ󽫰칫Ҵϣ߳ŵʱ˴ѩ
ĺˮľٴʹ÷ֱ֮ӻؼҵͷתһ룬Ƿ㡣
ԽԽǿҵѽڵĸо
Ⲣ죬Դ˷ʱռʲô鶼ֱĿĵصıȷʵܲɴ˴һЩʵҲܺӡ
ûܹ׼ȷ֪ˮľģûʲôҪʱ򣬻ˮľ
Сʱ򶼶ԼͻȻָе֮С
ϣˮľ˵ʶ֮⣬ⲻְͬλԸȵȴĺӣǶڳ˲Ծ롣
ʶˮľʼıԼʽ
رˮľǲʹ÷֮̾ˡ
бҪҲעĽͻȻʧԱ˾Լǲһࡣ
ϰԸı䣬ôʱ䣬ǲԾ͵
ˮľԳһЦû׵·ѩĶëѩؼҡ
ˮľһðѩ·ģһ·ˮľҲ˲٣ʱðʧʪ·ˤиһﻹײ˲ˮľļ
֮⣬ˮľһɫͨĵˤ·ߣִڵľԱ
캮ض˶ڼһ滹ڼӪҵ̵ǽǣԿͯȤСѩˣƤСĶ硣
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ˮľЦЦ˽ȥ
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ãҲɣĳЩڵļһﲻ֮󣬸о˺ܶ࣡
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Ŷݡ裬һӦþͲˡ
ڿʼϮľҶ壬нһʱ䣬Сܹϰʲô̶Ȼ˵׼
ֻҪԱγЩȽΣյܷСʹá
սΣõԱҪġ
ȻģʽˮľͲָˣԵɣ
ѵβ޲оΪʲôôºͣ
βϮߣβһЩǶǵֱС֪һ㲻֡
ѱһֻβ޷

Ȼ֪ˮľǿû뵽óĶȻβ޲
һúϰģ
˵ҪһδȴԶԶµĸоСЩʧ䡣
Ҳ̫żǲһ͵ģ
ʱ˵Щǲһֱ㵣ǵΣղԶˣ



643 ׼
ǲӵ˵ʬϳ˳ɫĳմȾѪ۵ĽԵ죬Χѩĳ£˾η
밵ְ꣬λϸǲֶӳȻ˽ꡣ
ڰľ⡣
ʵĻγ顢ټĳɳоõԼʵı仯
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䲻ʵǿļһǴ˶ûܹϵͳҰ·ӣ֡ʿԾѪ޽ߣӵĳרļһﲻһ١
һһҲǾ˸ָĿ顣
дģɾǸˮľڷ֮սһΡ
ҰְӲͬĸôʹø߶սģ۽硣
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ΣյһΣɾ֮ɱ˹ˡ
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˵һ꽫ûʲôص˵ûĵϲƣҲûбŮĵ軧
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һĺӣȻѾ˵򵥵ĴʻˣܶʱˮľȻСһﵽ˵ʲô
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Եͷ˰ɣ
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Ȼﻹˮľ֪ģСļһʲôöװ޹ɱβˮľ۾
ˮľ˰Сһͷ˵Ƥñԣñ
ľܣһ㾡ľķϣˮľûаƤ
һֻߵܣôౣůëҲûʲôãˮľҲǷã˼һñӡסë̺ʲôģƺͦá
оˮľСͣ
ôСһ찾סˣ
СӵޣȻȤһطҲ塣
߰ɣʱ쵽ˣ
¹⼲îϦյŮѾһˣʱпգȥݷһ¡
Ҹ˵ԺǽˣֹҪţ
֪ں˵Щʲô
СˮľϽӽ˹ȥ
ֻ֮һ㼣ʧԶ

Ǿӭ֮ʣ費Ҳʵ顣
ĸ׵ʱڵڶ̽սУʦԳնҲԼϣܹΪˣòѾˡ
֧ŴߵزģǶδ֪ĿԼĲ䣡
ȵôôĵؽɳӣǲǱСˣ
ҩʦ鱨Ȥ
µӣѾҪˣ˿ĵϢ
֮ھǰʱ׼һˣ


644 ۶
ǲмֵǲֵôðջ˵
վڲԶҩʦͻȻʵ
ǲǶִǲЩΪȻ
²ң
ҩʦͷϵı顣
ңǾ˵뷨еģǲ˵Ǻǡ
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ѾõһдۣԲŻ뷨Ȼһ˶ô롭
ŵ˷̵صСʯҡ
Ҽꣿ
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Ѿô˰ȻͽʵҲԽԽǿģʽд۶ŪˣȻûǿߵľ򡭡
ôʧˡ
ʧҪҪٲú룬챣סˡ
תٴʼһʵ顣
־ŲصֱʮöдۣҰװȥģϵĽҲҿġ̰ͼд˺ܶ࣬Ҳ֮һûУôдۣΪʲôûжģ
糿ĺһĻʱҩʦ𾪵ԸӣͬдۣȻǡԭװģҲЩ࣬ڴʲô
ִǲ壬ƺԴûж塣
ԣиԽ͵⡣
ɻ󱻽ƣɵ˼Ҳ޷ͣ¡
ʬתȡʱƵģǲ㣬Ҳܹһ꣬Ҫٴθ塣ðžķգΪд۵ġʹȨ＼д۵һ㣬ǲ屻𣬱õд۶ǣԼŪһԣԴ˵ֶΣôûа취
һ˲䣬亹ҩʦͷ˳
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˵־ŲضȡǲֹˮͲдˣܹǿʹѾллˣڿͫǾԲܵ顣
һ⡣
ֱӴԴͷ״۶д۵Ȩܸı侫д۵ĸԡ
⵱Ȼֻд۵˻ŵʱУҪʵһ¸ܵ漣ʵ̫ˣǡöһȫĽʬת
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ڣһѡ
ԼĵʵȻʵҿ϶һηԾ
Ȼ̫ãһЩ·Ҳǲѡ
⣬м롰֯ڼջ񣬻תõزģҲԼĵƣпܵĻ˵նϵĺô
ǲѪβ׷Ĵ裬ҲһԼһҲµˡ
ܿϧǸ֮ЩǺܸȤ
ȻҲǲ⣬мҵˣȻһԼǲһġ
Ͳдۣζƻ
ʹİȡһ˶ѡ񣬴ļһȻᾴԶ֮
ǲҪעβҲҪϣˣ͹ˮҵô
Ϣ
̫źˣʵزġ
˸ָѪ޽Ĵ裬˵ҲһЩͣû뵽ôŪˡ
ҪѾˮľļŪֵĴ裬ȫķ˵
Ҫ鲻ЩǰεУһӪҺеͯݣؿڵ΢΢ʾ׳ɳ
ǧ֮ķѩ֮Уǣҵ͹ˮ£֮ǰС
ᣬǲƭˣֹʲôвмڵģȫ̽ڶż˰ɣ
СҲˣǰһСȥϢһʱ䣡
ˮµӸʹ˵ģȻЩľګᣬһĺҲ˵


645 ݾ
ֶĺ޴ȱԡ
츳ߺû츳֮Ĳൽж˭Ҳ޷׼ȷ
һԿ϶ֻҪЩŲиƽӹߵĲԽԽ󣬶ҲٶȻԽԽ졣
Ŵͬһʱʲôĸܣˮľû
ǰµµΪ޷߳ƵĴ̨ͬ
ˮľҲ࣬־õдա
ԴҲûľؿ֮һϸ£Ҳܺ³ͨ߱Ȼ¡
θ߸ԴʾһˮľǷƿɳµ츳
ǲسΪ̣Ҳ˳ͬһˮƽϵͬͬѧʱҴΣС
˵̵ʱ¶ĻڲҲᵽԼ̵Ĳˡ
ڹûһĵڰ˰㼯һΡ
ôʱˮľæ񣬾˽Ҫӳȥǻܵġ
˵ģͶһͿҪǿʱʲôģˮľ͸æµˡ
ԭҪٽ̵ʲô뻹ˣֻһʵսѵΣһ½֮󣬴Դһ٣һ¸¡
һˣòˮľǰһ¹ģʶˡ
δ·ôߣЩļһӦò߰˲ġ
ˮľʦ˵пҪӰĿǲģ
Ψһ԰ԱȤȮڣͻȻʵ
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ǰǴķзţ־ˡҲ˵˰ɣ
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ⲻǺôҿˮľʦӰҲûʲôã
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ȻкôˣˮľʦҪǵ˻ӰҾǻӰѧˣԺҪǾѡӰߴĿǸ˵
СԹôôʹ뵱Ӱûʲôݾߣ
ˮľû˵
ǣǶãˮľʦʵӰûʲôɣ
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ˮľЦЦû־͸ҴʴʣЩһͲ̴֪Ӱ
Ҫ˵ʵϵҲӰʵ˾ͿԵġ
־ŲҲˣû˱񣬾ʧȥצϻΪǡ
ľʵҲһĿȻĿռԹ̫ͻȻ޷ʮβĸ첲˲ʶϣˮľСҲܲһ¡
ƻˮľ̽Ҳû˵ĹԳľ
Աˮľƾͺˡ
ֶڶҼûˮľҪУˮľû취
۶ټʵܽǿͰ͵Ĳĸɾġ
֮սӰغܶࡢ˭ʤ˭˵
дĻʤ㲻
˵ĻӰѧƣûУʸĻӰô࣬ôֵңΪϣĿʦҲĴĿѧ
ɫһ߼ûУβϮʱҪôûҪô֮У֪ϸĻû
ģǻɥ
ҪӰҪٶŬ˰
Ѿǲǰ棬ϾҪˡҪǲ뻯Ϊжϣĺãˡ

һ֮ڴ︴յļڣҲ鷳Ŀʼ
־Ų˵ÿһ꣬ζԼϻӰ֮λĻС˼֡
ʵʵڵԼ˵ӡ˥˼֡
㹻ǿĺߵ£ҪӵǰʾڸˣŲؾԼܹҲһ
곤ľƣҪһ
⣬ľҶĴ󲿷ߣǸֵ֧ߡ
Ͼ˳ĿӰȫҪֵܸĽơ
ŲĶ̰Ѿˡս㣬㹻¾ûˡ
µӰŲҪġ
ļףǰЩʱҲ˲鷳ڲûг̫⡣
ŲطĵģҲɽзŮȡ
׵ʵҲȶڵ֮д۱Ҳʧˣź𵽵ûǺܴģü׸һĿǰԶԶ
̼ս𲻵Եá
ֱڣŲزЩڣûĵѧָͬϼ޻ĳǣʵЩס
ܿٲģֻͲдۣβޡ


646 
ѩڵļڣҶΪµһ׼
ɽҶ֪ȴʦΪѧǵ̿Բģ¹⼲ΪʽΪѧУʦ׼Ͼ֮ҲҪæչ˺ӡ
ľҶߣȻڰͰ
ˮľҪҲ٣ȽϽ඼Ѿˡ
֮࣬ˮľҲᾡһЩʱСӣУٹЩʱܾû̫ʱˡ
СӣģʽˮľҪ˳һ㡣
⵹Сӣˮľʺģʽԭ򣬻ˮľԼһ·Сӣڳĵ·ϰͰǰ
˲ٿβ޲ĻڸӦȻϼû̫ϰҲˮľΪϵĲ죬Ÿ֪ϵȱݡ
ˮľЭ£˫µзʽ㲻ͻͽҲûʲô·
ʦǴҵˣҲഺŮķգˮľһ㶼ﲻæ
ܵĻˮľϣһСӣģʽս͡
Ʋˣڻ޷СӣʵڵĴ̽սУҲһ͵Ľɫˡ
ӡҽеôսŲ϶óˡ
ģʽȻܹľҶ壬ĲȻĳЩ˵ע⡣
֮Ϸĺ򣬵һļֳ⣬ǽ紺ĿҲů
ﲻǻ֮˰ɣ
Բͬķ羰ͻȻˮľСӣһ
Ǻ֮
ˮľ֪ʵ֮ķڵء
ʱռ÷㣬ô͵ǧ֮⣡
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Ҹطɣ
ǷС۵ĵطСӣ˸ɾľͷӣͼˮľʱռֿóһſ£شź磬һı飬ǳɢĵġ
ôˣ
ûʲô
Сӣæҡҡͷ
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ռƻӦýģʽˡ
ھͿˣ
ɣԺУܹ֮ͬǰǧҪԼԣģʽһǻģҴܱ˻ܣ
֪ˣ
ˮľѾܶǿΣˡ
ģʽԭܼ򵥡ڵ뾫õܹʩչĲģʽǽȻͬıܹõʩչģʽ
˵仰ˮľ۾غſȣ
һĬСӣ̲סʵ
ô򵥣
ǰôأսսϰûҪͷһ仰ˡ
߲ôôҲͼ仰
ǲǾôоˣ
Ӧòаɣ
Ҿ֪
СŮţô򵥵ĻΪʲôģʽ߻ô٣
԰꣡ʽģʽ֮ǰһЩ֪ʶҪ̸㣬ϣμסڲҲûϵߵ·ߵøԶõ
ָ̣
ýţ˵Щ̫ˣԺûʱ㣬ǰ㡣
ˮľ˶١
ѧģʽ֮㽫һЩҲǰ̾ӢǲŻ⣬ܹĴݣǾ̵
̵֪֮־ѧУʱʦ̹
Ҳ˵˵ĻЩ𣡡
ˮľһ²˵
ʩչֻһִǳӦáߵļ֮󣬳ҪӾѰͻƿڣʱͻõʵĹܡӾŦ֮󣬾ϵбиҪʱ򣬱㹻֧ԼһǿС
ľҶ񡢻֮־ûдǱ˽̸ģÿ˵ܶһҵԼ뷨С
ͬСӣΪӣɲֻΪľİУСӣ͵־뻹ɿ͵ľƷʲŸԭ
Լ뷨
ҪԼˣ㵱ߡѧϰðźܴΣѧϰģʽҪʲô
ôͻȻ⣬Ҳ
룬ҿԵȣ
ˮľҪ̽СŮ˽ģʽһʼȻԾѹȾͲֹͣû㹻͵־ɾʹˡ
β޲УˮľҲʱ̿ŽȣȻСӣ˺Ӧò̫󣬵ȻҪ㹻ľУѧϰǿ̬ģʽľɽһʯѾ˷ʧǾǰ֮
ԤϵһĻˮľʳס׼ˣϹĴ죬Ǹȼٵĺõط


647 ʶ
Ŵ඼кǿʶû㹻ʵֻ
ĲһǽӣҲпʯ
һ࣬ûճɣ꣬ڳ˵ֵܱڵĹŶ
Сӣ㲻ţ
Ҫʲô˶ԱȣǲȣȷʵвСĲܹ࣬ڶܹӱȻֵóƵŵ㡣
ϵԼѧϰڵسʹֻҪܹܵõĽԼĳͻȡòѷɫκ˵ĳɾ͡
ϧǣϾʮȫʮܹ㹻ߵޣܴܲﵽҪ㹻ĻԵŬ
顢顢飬ĲܶʱǴҲǻӰ졣ȴٲЩǶСӣഺڵСŮ˵
ûǵĸ鵭ζûиǸʡ
ӵиԵĶ˼άĻ
ĵйȻǻǰҲпܴ漣
𣿡
ѾСһˮľ˸Ƿĺ⣬˲Ծؾͷˡ
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ţ
ˮľ̽ѰĿУСӣЩ˼ؽ˵
е㵣ϣ̫ʵ֣
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ܹʶԼͨǺ뷨ҪǽԼС˵һҷ᲻ģ
ֻҪ΢һ֪֮ˣΪȫΧԼתģη֮Ҳûʲôֵġ
˵һ϶иָѹջܾż尾뿼飬ʵ

Щ¶СӣǺˮľΪʲôҪԼ˵Щ
ˮľҲһʮСŮ˵ٶҲңԼҲ놪̫ˡ
ʱ䲻ˣȳԵ㶫Ϣһ£Ȼʽʼģʽ
ˣҪ֪ҵĿ룿
ҪˣֻҪúи𰸾ˡ
ˮľڰ֣𰸹Ҳô£֮ͬ顢Ľ֮ġ׷Ҹϵɬഺ֪Ҳûʲôá
ˮľ߽ʦʦô̸
ֻҪԼĴ𰸣ƫ˾ˡסǰ˵ĻϵҪע⣬ӵмǿ־ˣֻҪܲ˵ǰ޵еģֱܡܻΡͷĳ嶯һ㿪ʼŬĳԡ
ˮľʼ硣
Ҳ飬ҾͲ˵ˡʼ׼ɣģʽ֮ЩȻס
˲ʹȥ˲ڣ˲δ
ٵΪֹˮľվڰ޵һߵġ

վԽߣϺ磬ͻᷢΨĵǿ롢бѪܵӰǸҲһ

ģʽףѵôڸƽ⡢ԼܹܵķΧ֮ڡ
żˮľҲңԼеʱûһһЭԼȻûгʲô⣬ĺܲ
Ӹ֪Ȼʱ̶ڣѾɵˮľҲҹֿԼļޣһʧˣɲᱣ֤ʱȡ
ǷģһѵƷ֮гֵһ˶̽һ֮Чķ
СӣˮľİԼȻƿؼޡ
տʼĸ֪УȻƽľãܱ֤̫⡣
ģʽų̶ȵĲͬвͬ˻״
Ҳĸͳ˱ȽԵܱ䣬һ˵ı仯ȽС
ҩʦֲ̫һβҲʵ̫ˡ
ˮľʹģʽΪҪβ޲Ϊý飬ΪܵʧӰ죬ռͨ޵ļ־ƽڵԴкԵˮĸβ
Բˮľ汾ģʽӦóֵֻйеĲɵЩ֢ˡ
СӣˮľͬΪԭסϲˮľȽԵ컯
ˮľϣ鲢Ԥô
̬ӽβģʽ˻ô
ɫ״СӣΧǿƲԵʣʵĲγ޵βƮ
Щֻ̬ǻδõؽڡ
ģʽӦòɢۣΪٿȻ졣
Сӣβ޲Ӱ죬ȻһҪЩЩϤ
ͨĳַǱĬظıԼߵʡ
ֵľɽͨˮżǿģʽʵֶеƣͬࡣ
Ҳ˵Сӣĺӣβ޲׺Ը㣬Ҳ׸֪Ȼ
β޲ֻȻĸߣǱĬؼǿʣѡԵô


648 Ѽ
ģʽһɵģȶȻĸ֪Ѿ˼µ̵Ҳһ
ܵĻˮľҲʮʲô鶼ȼ١ԣָжȹ
һӴʮС˴ڹµϺҲ̫㡣
ˮľҲǲˡ
ֻҪûʲô£ˮľϽСӣ˼ĵط˰ٽȥ
Ҳ֪ľɽģʽʱΪʲôҪﲻʮַͨȴƫƫҪޡ־˺˳Գӡ
ˮľиķ֮ʮֱҪˮľɲֵط¶ޡ
ԼֻһߣǿʿòŸԼ鷳
ˮľȻҲ뾡ؽģʽڸСӣ
Σյʵڿ첻һСС⣬ˮľøע⣬ƺƣϳ⣬ɾͲôôˡ
ģʽԾϵѹȻܴ󣬵ӰС
ĿǰСӣ˵ʱֵûԣϢֲ
ֻҪСӣԼţͰѧϰȻ˳µѧģʽӦòʲô⡣
ʦ㿴ǲǳɹˣ
һ֮СӣǿһϣȻ˷ܵˮľ档
š
ˮľ˿Сӣ״̬
ô˵أеģӸ֪ȻγӣʵսУָ˭ȡʱ䣿⼸˭㣿
ˮľģʽٶȷǳ죬ΪˮľȻյȫաֻҪأģʽȻǿþˣ֢˭˭֪
СӣȴһȻķΧˮľСö࣬ģʽҲܸˮľȣֻеԺǿˡ
ҲˮľҪɡ
ӣ㹻ɱԼüˣβܾôܹȥ
ǲô
СӣЩʧһܵʱ䣬һǿְֵؽһ壬ɲʲôʱ򶼻еĻᣬʦͽ֮䣬ĳҲǺܶࡣ
ȫǿĿ;УҲûʲô̫õİ취ֻпƽʱĻˡҷһߣû̫ʱϰˣȽĽ㡭
ģʽڻ˼ȻҲߡ
ֿȻսķʽʹۿҲѱ֪ȻˣҪḻľѧļɡ
ЩҪģʽͬУҪСӣյģɷ޻ת֮
ֻҪѧˣԺǿУٲ֮ءǲһʱ춼ᱻɵɲǼ򵥵Ļɫ
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СӣԭΪԼѾǵˣû뵽ž㲻ϡ
֮ǰȰЩգѵʱһ䣬Ժϰ
ˣĲʱ仯ϰһˣ
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е
ˮľֹţҲԼװ˶񣬵ûʱֻС
һ콫Բʱ仯ãȻҪĶҪѧ
У
Сӣһ̲סԹ
ϻˣúÿţ
֮䣬һӿģʽ̯˲ͣȻעβɫת״
ˮľֽһҵıըУףֱʮ׵ĴӳںĻʯ̳ɵ·ϡ
ô󣿡
Сӣһȣǰûô
ԣ
СӣԣβĲע裬żӲĵ湥
¡һһӳ֣СӣȫԸɵƻˮľһһ붼ûС
ղֻ֪еĲ࣬ʵӦôã
ˮľһȭڵϣҵСӣ˫ŶڿˣԼͱˮľȻڰС
·ҵĺУֻǺܴĵԭͻһǣСӣĿɿڴУѸٱȻ˺ס
ɷжݡ˫ô
ˮľѪ޽۶ݣжֻģʽļӳ¡βĲʹá
жݣѵѪ޽磿ʦ˼Ҫѧϰġ
һͨͥƽߣͻȻ˵ҪһѪ޽磬ֵ߸Ե飬ʵЩš
ˮľûЩŵСӣԹԵ˵
Ĳͬжжֲ̬ͬҸղʹõľβؼ˲ڣȫ޴ƻѪ޽磡
ûѧֵĹ÷жݴӦҲ̫Զ


649 
ǰˮľͿǹѪͳ⡣
ռ̽ͳελǻ壬˵Ӧò̫ĻѪ
̽ǻ֣ģĻѪĿԼСĿѪһһϡнʧ
̽粢һܴ磬Ӧγһ󲿷ָȺ
ֵǣˮľûзּ
߰ݵĲҲˣɫͷͫ׿Ҳûðۣһʲô£жֶŵġͷϳǵġġˮͿġ
ЩеıΪѪ޽硣
ͲľѪ뵽֮УֻҪѪ޽ѻ߷󣬻ֳڳ˵ĵط
ΪʲôƫƫĲ컯ôԱһ׶ûУ
ֱˮľľɽṩͨԼԲˮźɵӰ죬ˮľҵһ˿ߡ
̽Ŵ˶Ԫס
ˮľ＼ıϾֻӰ첻壬޴ڲȴһ㡣
ͱβ޲ơѧģʽĴҰӣܼ̳еͷһμĸı䡣
Ϊԭµı͸ˣɫͫɫɫǳԵı仯ֵһᣬɲʱ仯ںγɵѪ޽ͲһСˡ
۶ݡݡжݵȵȣЩŴһۣͻγһȶѪ޽塣
ǱĬؼļƻ̣ǰС췽ģߣ
ѹˮƽǺȽȴܸߣΪ̽ʴ󳬹ˮľԤڡ
һЩ֤̽缫дģߣͨ˵Ҳࡣ
ǲҹݼߵѪ߷޷εԼĸʸߡ
ǷԷ䣬յĸʼֻͣͨҪ⣬ӰСʹòʩչ߸ʾ͸ߵöࡣ

Щ²֤ûʲôʵԵĽۣ
ش岻õˮľʹʵõµĵ鱨档
飬оŴʷΪݱ˷̫ྫֵô
ȻÿʵȨôȻԷɵ컯İš
񲻾ǰܻǲϣƽʱǸ飬żҲụЭ
Ǹ̽ṹ뷢չĵߣصƽĹϵ̴ķԭ
Դǰƽ֮ϵһЩͬѰļ֮ˮľһֱͼҵԵɣû뵽ʱ͵õĽʵʧ
ôҲ֣ǡ
˵
Щû壬о̽ԣľоߡĹ۲УһֱһɻΪʲô̽ӣȨλƥ䣬վ߾Ȼʧȥ׵Ȩ⻹ڽ֯ΪĽȨ˥ճߵλߡ
ţ
е˼
ʲô뷨
ĽһûãǷݱ֮ҲһЩС
ʲô
ˮľȤʵ
ǿܵǰ󵼣ڵ磬ͲƽȣҪù򻮷ֽ׼󡣡
ƶȣַ򣿡
ôǳĶ
ҡҡͷ
ڼ
εĻˮľȻ
ڷ̽ڵ壬ǱȴַпɱᡢΪķۡ
ûк˵˵ú롣Ͳľҹôϴ磬ȻôģռβҪþԵͳġʹͲľҹʲôΪͲľߣǳűȽʴȣǲǲʲôʱ̽ͨ˵־ϣİ컵²ڸˣ˵ףҲֻΪ㡣
ԼŲӲĸڱϣץԼûڵ
ΪҺǿҪκԡ
ˮľ˼
ûľҶ壬Ȼվ̽綥ˡҵģһԵƶֻǽӰŴĸ
ˣ
ԼԸͨĳ֩뻯Ĳ㲩ʿŲЩ
ڸԼĸγ̽״Ŀ̫Сˣһǧʱ䣬˴Ͳľҹʱ򣬾󲿷ʱ䣬̽綼սС


650 쿪
ν󣬹ʱûеó˵ùȥĽۡ
˵̽绹һϵġ磬ǻĴڣ
㰲ĵߣô
ֻ˵пܣȻѾˣӰһֱڡ
ˮľһҪЩΪ֪̽Ѱף̽ԭס˾ռߡȻ飬ˮľȴд⣬޵Σһֱͷ֮ȥ
ⲻˣҡ
ˮľϲûʲôΣ̽飬ˡʲô˴ôΪ
ʲôɣ߽ΪҵݡԽߣ
˭Ҳˮľ־ܡ
ֵ̽ʱˮľͻȻоϤĲӽ
͵ʲô֣ҡ
ףˡ
Ƭ֮󣬻ָƽİ칫

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˹꣬þò
ˮľ裬ݸµİ˹꣬Ȼºһˮɤӡ
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Ůѿܻ᲻˰
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лл佱ôʵ
ˮľֱ塣
ԣʲô£
ڿǹʱ䣬Գɰ˹겻ʱصˮľ졣
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ˮľе⣬ʲôˮľ֪ҪԳɰ˹֪ʵ⡣
㲻ڵʱ䣬﷢˱Ƚصķ硣
ҵط磿
ˮľüͷԼģԲʲô¡
ǰЩʱȻ̴Ҫ֡
βܽҲ˸룬־ŲػĳЩϰɡ
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ʲôϵֻһ˾ԮߣôȻɸִ˾
ⶼܽˮľ鷳֮УҲ̫Цˡ
Գɰ˹Цһ
ԭϵ󣬵ȥһ鱻𡭡оβްɣ
ˮľЩֵطʵ
βĹòβٵôβҲ̫˰ɣ
ԣĳЩбһʼĿ㡣
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һЩӵĳಿŵĸ߲ˣβ޵ķӦùе˵
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Գɰ˹ҡҡͷ
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⻰Ҳ̫ˣ
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˵ףһԳɼҲľҶ壬ȻԼ
й°ɣҶЩʵҲôȤ
ΪԺգһЩ⽻ԵҲȷʵᷳ
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ˮľûǣʱ䣬ܹ˵ںһȺҪ˵˾壬ʵûбҪ
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Щ׷ŹҲֻŲ˳ֶΪβ޵֮ǾԲģһѾܽˮľôˣԲŻ᳢Խơ
Գɰ˹갴ͷ
ɣҲˡ
ڱ˿Ǵ£ˮľȴû̫⣬ٹ£ЩһûǸйЩëƤСˡ


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Ѿ޷ǿˮľƵҲ޿κεľٶ
ǹˮľὫô
ܴӴİݵˮľὫеãϴǲǺܵˮľɵǣϷĹǲˡ
ֳʵĹǣͬΪ
мҵĸЩ顣
ʮ㣬˵ʲô˵ʲôһ߼Ҳͬ⡣Ŀ˭ܹ֤һԵǲǣ
ֻһЩưܵСͻˮĴŻһѡ
Щվӵļһﶼûʲôϣ仧ڴûʲôȨҲֻеȨҪǵʱ򣬲ŻὫǾ׳׳ơ
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ν񡱵ᣬʵơ롰塱ķ磬ߴеģҲ᳢Լƺ˳

ľҶҽԺػˮľϸؼܽ״Ǿϵ⡣
ϵľ޴ˣܽһֱûлָһ֮бѵʱ٣󲿷¶ڻ˯Уѹ̼ķӦҲǺܶ࣬ҪҪһʱ䡣
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֯ӰСڸּ󲿷֧ߵķ֮£ҪնǼΪѵģڻֵ÷зƺе㲻ϳ
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תߣܽһ糣Ųص׼ô
ˣĵҲ࣬ЩϴļһҲû˻ļ
࣬Ȼֻɺϣ
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ˮľͻȻһˮľһֱӵǿѾĵˣʱڣŲزʹó˲ı־Ļתдӡѻϵգ֮ƳתƵı϶ǲˡ
Ͳд۱ʵģ²ñ񣬻ҲΪǿˡ
ǲͲдۣ۵ЩǲֹˮϺܿҲ
ŲصԿǲߵƣȻ˲ıĵû÷ȴö֪ҲдһȵĻ
ӰʱŲʹûֳʹûֶΣܿǱһ÷򣬲᲻ָܻͫ
Ųزȫʹñǿ϶ģǲĲʹñ΢Ӱжϻ˵ںԾ±յôԭ򣬲ûʹûѾùˣ
־Ųؽ֮ҲʾЩʵҲʵ뷨ֻǱŲûƲЩǵǲ־ֻ֪ˡ
Υ־һʱòˣʵһĵ׵ǿԵģҲʹ÷ķ֧
ˮľĲ²ģǾ˵ŲѾָͲд۵Ĳ
ڰŪĵļһ֩һԻĵĴ־ᶨĴõӡ
Ǵ˵ģҪСŲصԭ򣿡
̽սļһǼ㵽´ھԵƣҲҪһֶδﵽĿꡣ
ֱðɱļһ
ԴϴγˮľĴ֮ŲһֱڴӲԼվ֮УҲˣҪٲСģܵȲϻӰҪɵˡ
ˮľ̫ˣҪڶµı֮£ϢذɱŲĸ֣ȽСܹݣֻҪһ£һ뵽ˮľϡ
ΪŲض̫ĴۣЩֵ
еǰˮľ䲻֦ҲŲҵ鷳


652 
֮ľҶ֮俪ʼһֵӡ֮ӡĽ
û֪ϢԴĪشˡ
ܶӡ֪ʲô͸˵ɷнµ֮ӡˡ
֮ӡΪ֪ǽʼôˡ
֪֮⣬û֪µӰ졣
ĳЩ˵ŭ󲿷˶֪˵ͬˡ
ŲʩڡϣԲй¶ܡҷӡˡŲصĿֶΣѾʼòοˡ
֮⣬󲿷ľҶĵһ顣
ĸˮľĿŵҴԲѵرԻӰ֮λ֮Ѿ˺ܾˡ
һûʲôͨߣѪͳʢе̽磬˵ݵĻֻ˳Ц
ûҲӡĿľѧĴĿˮŵĶӵݣҪϻӰҲԲô˳
Խܵǣˮľûʲô塢֮ȡϵĻӰ֮λһס
С̷һּۻ۵һߵ۾
ԼΪеһ䱦ûеõصʱ򣬽ȻġǷŭˡ
ƺܵŨŨĶⰡ
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֪ˮľԳɰ˹˵Ļˣ϶С
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ڿ˵ԼҪӰĲ֪ж٣ֻûһˮľôѡ
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˭˵Ҳʹˮľûǡ
ִ˻ڣôûòף
ˮľʱ򲢲ࡣ
ڵ˻ӰְλʹһЩʵȨŵͷ棬Ҳǰôˡ
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һ峤Ϊ˼棬ԥȨ뿼
ΣҲһϸĸףԳĹıȻ٣Ϸʲô仯Ȼ᲻
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ֻ۵ˮľ̻õĳô
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ΪֹľҶֻܹۿֻи֡ҲˮľľؿİŶݼ׵ս֪˻Ǻܶࡣ
Ȼ̫ɿǿóġ
ʹóȫҩӡϣȫȼÿһϸôͲľº¡ݵȡƬ̵ĳǿⲢڼϵϰΨһ鷳ǵϵ
ޱҪˮľǲʹֲɿصġ
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˵û˵ˣ˵Լ˾鷳ˡ
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ǰɱϴͳɰ֮ЫԼһľֶΣѾôزˡ
ֲɿصΪƣҪӳͬĹˮľİ취
ҲֻΪһĲȷϰˣ֪ˮľʵʵԹеӡ󿴴ˮľûвˮľѾ֮ǰǿ̫ˡ
ˣҾͷˡ
Ȼ
һҪˮľ֪˷ˮľ̲ģȫٵغ֯͡нӴСġ
лѣ
㼴ʹ˵ˮľҲǿŲصļӡ
ʹҲɱĻᣬҲҪֹŲصжɲõĺ


653 
ΪˮľֻǸŲҵС鷳ˣҲ̫͹ˮľŲصĶˡ
һʱ䣬ʼǿΰѲߣصݲˣûľҶͳһ߱šȴľҶľҶԾӲڴӶġӡ
֮ڣĿԱͼӡ
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ûһжˮľģˮľĻ˵ǣðľҶߵļһһ򾡡
Ժǿ׵ľԱֻ֪֪һ߲СϢҲֱܷ˾ȷ
ϲӰϽĴûоϵͳѧУǺѱ߱ŵģֻ֯ΪߣŮȡɽзļӵܣпԡߵݻʽ߱šõϣŲشӸ£ս¶ȫڴС
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ҪΪһ֯¼͸ϼߴִӶԵİ»֯
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ˮľûֱӶֻǲϻ̫ľ
֮£δѵʮ壬һμĿɲǴñȽϼҵ̽սʧ˾ٲ֮ս

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ľѾֹһڸǰԹˣСΧִǸ²ߴ鷳ȻҶЩ˴಻ʲôΣҪִеġ
ЩС£ȴҪеͷ۵ɾֱӹľˡ
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ľҶߵҲǸֽĳԣֻû뵽һìܱôңˮľ뽫֯ϵֱӲ
޼ɵļһ
ˮľôԸʵģֻǹ̲ͱ繫֮ӡĽЩǷǣȻܹŲصĲ𣬵Ҳŷգһ߱в񣬴ܵľʹűй¶Ŀܡ
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ˮľΪպÿܹܵļޣٽһֱȻֹ
ټּ죬ƾͲˡ
˸һֱȴû飬ԹԶˮľеˣҲûʲôãˮľҲôЩС¡
ˮľˣ
ǣЭСӣģʽ˦һ̯ˡ
ûɹô
ֶģʽһֻ֪ϧԼⷽʲ㣬ӡҽϵʺԼ
֪
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654 
жݵѧϰȻѾСӣеճ̣˷ʱһβοϳѪ޽Ҳ൱ѡû취һֻͣ
СӣĿǰԲʱ仯ûɣû취зжݣܹβ޲ǿѾѵõĽˡ
ˮҾͲˣԺԼˮˮʵ̸ܽȫˡôȻԼսϵҪġ
̰ûǺеģࡱжϣҪ˶졣
Сӣѧϰ˺ܶ಻ͬΪֹûгַѡϵ⡣
ˮľҲʲôġ
ÿ˶ʲôҲǱȽȫˣȻóֻڽϺĵá
ˮľóľˮǷʵµġ
Сӣ˵Բʱ仯ҲԽһؿƫˮԵڻȷʵûʲô츳
ˮľѧȴAֻҪܹβ޲ѧ÷жݾɹ
ˣʦ
Сӣش
ܽܣҲǿݡìֿܲܽԷе
Уأ޻ת֮ѧ˵
СӣΪϤױ򣬱Ĺ̻Ҫ˳
ģʽµݡìںʵĵ£Сӣ˫ȭȷʵ˾ȣȻˮľʹ÷жݵʱԶҲǿɽʯǿˡ
޻ת֮˾ûѧᣬҲû̫壬ǿĻݺͷȫʺСӣˮľϵ｣ĸֱ仯ȫụ̂ǧҲԵǻݻ۶ݣСӣܻյķΧڡ
Сӣѧ޻ת֮Ļˮľ̸Сӣģʽôʧȥһ롣
ô
Сӣеʧͨ˵һֱǳ룬û뵽ʱڻʵֲˡ
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˹Ȼô
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ʦţڸˡ
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ֵĹ壬ȼҲֻBݡìһģֳȴܴʹߵıɵĲࡣ
ܳһʱ䣬ҿܲôʱи̫ˡҲףѧ·ûͷôβҵʺԼսֻܿˡ
֪ˡ
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֮ҴǸʱռҵһЩʹĵãۻ귨ģʽ컯ս̬ĸӡѧķмɣҪİǰӴ汾ͨЧܺáѧж֮ԣʱҪ档
ˮľϢģʽսģʽַӵıϡ
ˣˮľܹСӣĲЩˡ
ӡʬתʬ⾡֮ĽСӣļʶ;򣬻ûнӴǵʸóȻϰʵ̫Σˡ
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Сӣˮľѵÿһʮָˣˮľ󽻴̬ȣСӣҲһЩֹ
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ס˵Ļã
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͵ΪֹϢһ¾ͻȥٹ£˾Ҫشˣ߰ٴؾۣʱĿꡣ

Щ޷ĻǾֻܣעҪܵģȴ˵Լܣ޴ġ
ߣܹܵˡ
ԳܵŬʹۣԸı䲻˵ÿ߶ġ
Ϊ̫ãŻʵ֡
ǲѾ˺ܳʱļ尾ˣƻս񻯵״иأͬʱһЩıҲʮΪѡ
ǿ˰
ЩϰֻԼȥΪˡ


655 ݻ
ÿ괺֮߸»ʱһ߿ʼɳǰս۵Ŀȱ
ʱ䣬ˮľһת۶ʮꡣ
ѻ飬Ůˡ
ҵгɣλȨأ̴ӰˮľѾߵһܹﵽļˡ
ǽߵġ֯вӦǱȽˡ
ǽڴķ׷ţҲûӰ쵽ˮľ̫ࡣ
ǿĸģ֮俴˳۵Ҳв٣ֻϰطâǴ಻Լͬ˵ϰԡ
֮£ľҶΪĿеĻ֮־㷺ͬľؿ־ϵȽϳˮľŲˮݵĵ
η粨ʱ䲻Ǻ֮ܳ󣬽ŵ֮ɢȥһЩҲһ
ĳԱ׵ľҶߣкŲسɽϵģԲԼһϵͳı֣֯ҲûʲôҲִôҲﵽͷϡ
ǰĻ˵˼һ֮飬ʱ䣬øֽŲصӰӰ
ˮľûŲصķӦҲ֪һǲǽˤ˼ν֮̽ʵʵĽŸðɣµ磬ӭ
ˮľٴλصʱһ糣ǰЩʱĶһ
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ˮľļѻɽİ칫棬ȫûдЩ۵˼
Ҳȫޱ仯ν֮ûȻؽˮľټεĵһСӵĶӳֱӵ˾
»־Ұ˳εһСӶӳְ
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תҲ죬һάΰĲţҪڻ̫ǿս
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ˣ˵ʲô˰ɣ
ܲΪ˼ලˮľĹӲ졣
СӣѾô
һˣô񣿡

ĺ룬ҲԽԽˣ鷳飬Ѱβ䡣
ˮľһ㶣漴Ȼ
Ҳԣ쵽ʱˡ
β޵긴ڣ˵Ҫٴγָָ֣ԭʱ䡣
ʱҪ꣬پһʱĳɳڣ𽥱˵Ȼ
ͱβڳɳ֮ǰǳβ͵ĴӼ
ڳ֮ǰβ޵սۿۣԶԣ׽Ҫ׵öࡣ
ֻǡ
ϴȥˮ֮״ʲôЭ飿ѰβҲҪǰæ
ǲѲ²⣬ֵ㣬Ҫҵβ޼ֱܡ
βĵصȻңµķΧǲѲ²ģһβغףܳˮ֮ˮݷĵطβϬȮβ֮ͷ֮ȱˮĵطĿҲС
β޸ص̽ȻֲӰ죬һġ
ˣʵҪ˳ҵβѣҪ˵׽ˡ
ľҶôӳҪĸ֪ӡԼʵȥ֧ԮҲ
Ҳ˹ȥҵѧҲ㲻ɣ
ִһ˷û㹻ĺôǿɾͿˡ
ϧǣˮľļҲûβص䣬װҲˡ
֮Ҳ밵жС顣
ǲ
ʵҰβޣܷܲΡ֯ȥץҪҵģң˱ꡭ
ʲôô͸ִôģ
ֳˮ֮ɵݶ
ĿˮӰǸˣ
ֲ㣬άֲ̫ĹģͳԲµί񣬻ȡһЩʵʵڵĺô
㲻ˮӰ˼ƣ
˫кôˮľҲûʲô


656 ο
ֻǣβǣе󣬱۵ҩʦʹ衢Լ˱˵ĵϴαװɰɵǲǲǻķչͲһˡ
ǲû׷裻⣬ҩʦҲԤеǿܶࣻϴˡ
׻ᷢʲôʣˮľҲ֪Ҳʲô鷳ûϣ˳βҲ˵
̺ɵС̽ѰңҲ֪᲻Σա
һʱͰڴ֯Χ
֮£ܹõԤҪСֻܶ࣬Ҫǰ׾պù۲쵽Ӧòǰҵβޡ
ܱʮβĸβô֯ץߣˮľҲùơ
ЧӦƫѾܴˣ䣬ܻᷢ޴Ĵ
ϰˮľĵЦüûˮľĻ
ȻҾͰȥˣ֪ɫӡʵ治ҡˣ㲻Сӣ̣
ĻԼȥȡɣִд㡣
̲Ǵײˣ»Сӣд㣬òˮľ·
ðɣҲ㹤ˣ
˿ȥĿˮľƳһ϶ѻɽļɵ̾һ
ҪҪҸְˣо̫˷ʱˣԺҲûʲôôˡ
漴ˮľҡҡͷһζԼʹ֮ϵ̫õˮľԲ⣬ѱô룬ɴ˴鷳ܸࡣ
ЩʱΪʲôáݡһ˵ǲմȾǷǾѵġ
ˮľµԸҲòΪһЩëƤС㶼㲻

ˮľɼ˳춼ǵġ
ľҶֵҹУһֻа˸ߵɳĮڽϡ
һ֩벻ֻͬɳĮӲëѾһ׿Ϸһ˵۾֫˾Զ֮
˾ȵǣı˹̶һɵСӣһСŮ²档
·ûеСŮȵΡ
ӵʢĵСŮʲôȤÿԹɢĵʱ̡
˵ʲôĻԼ̫ˣĻһͿʲô
Ϊֵľһʼ֣ʱ䳤ˣľҶҲ֪ˣľҶˮľҵŮ޳ˡ
СҿͷСʵ²꣬ʢСŮɵֵסջ󣬿ʲôȲȻСš
ûһʱ䣬ȫ֪ҪǮԺͽһѶ˻Ȼˡ
û˸ҳûթˮľǵĸ˲Ųһˮʲôġ
ľҶУÿ䶼ˮľ޵ļӣˮľҲʲô˶СҵԽֻҪʲôԣ֮ʱ
ΨһķվǣһѱСһΪ䱦ĶѾСˡ
ˮľҲ㲻СҵļΪʲôôãҪ͵͵ЩСһܷܿ֡
ιˮľŮΪľҶ̸ˣŶСŮܴҵĹȻ󱣻լƽ¡
ҹĻ٣¹⼲ѵñŮ͸ŮҲʶʱˡ
˵ͯӣҼСҿһĹ£ŲĵĶ
ЩҥģլƽСҿ϶ûеģ¡˵׼ɶҪǮģЩɲʲô
ˣŮֻûȡã
M¹M
ֻǼ磬Ůƽ˾ٺ١
񻹲ˮľԲһ㡣
ԭӦˣڲƽ£ӣ컯Ūˡ
ӦģϦһ¹⻨Ҳ׸ıˡ
ôˣ
ˮľЦ˵һĬ¹⼲Ҳе֡
ûʲô
һ뵽ܹıѲҵˣԼΪҲû㣬ˮľҲЩο
¹⼲Ҳû׷ʣ˽Ů٣Щɻʵ
ͨ裬һֻȽﲻѰɣΪʲô֩ô˵Ĵһ
ˮľεЦЦ
Сͽ͵ģԺͻˡ
СˮľͨѬ֮µСҲô֩ʲôףƽȵľ֩ЫӣЫӿͷ̫ˣʺϽ֣ͽֵļɹˡ
¹⼲ҡҡͷ
ҼҵСMԲҾĽ⣬̫Сˡ
𣿻ðɣ
ˮľʦľ飬Ӧò⡭


657 Э
һĽһֱǸĸĵĴ£ǰ̽硣
߼ͥĺӱĶࡣ
ȮӵӲټкܶಢΪʲѻŬǳе̫ѹ
òǸĨڣȻּȴ۹עӵĻ˸е졣
ڷ̿ĶΪѪͳ۵ĨɱŬĳɹҲɾ͸С
޴ѹһԭвǰ;ĺӾʹزۡ
Щƽ߳ӣǳеųϣ
ĸˣӾˡ
ûԼֻǸ־δܴɵ롣
뷨Щرˮľ
¹⼲̾һŲԶ²СԶ
Ůܻ̳ܿĹŹԸ񣡡
ʲôã
ˮľûʲôҪŮΪʵֵ룬ǳΪŮӰֻҲֻЦ֮
޵ĿԣѡȨԺʲôͿԼľˡ
ֲûжٸɾļһȻΪĸɲ
˵Ϲ˰ɣʧҲĹˣֻŬʱûбˡ

¹⼲Ҳֻһ˵ѡ
о㻹̫䵭һ㣬Ծ̶Ⱥʵƥ䣡
֮⣬ˮľ˴򽻵ʱ򲢲࣬˹Ӧ꣬ûпˮľȥƹǲҲûкκйеĽľ¹⼲ɽҶЩˣһɢĵʱҲࡣ
Ҳѹ֣ˮľӣ֮ʱСоǻؼϢŮˣ̫ʱ˷ѣ
ֹһô˵ˣǳԼҲǺܺá
Լ׾ͺãڴôҲˡС˵ܸˢٴڸУûʲôܹӽʶ㣬ںôһ⽻ͻƿڣ
¹⼲ĹȰˮľֻǶһӵϵӽǵ˵Ҫǰ׼̫ˣҪˮľ̫ʱӪⲿʵûʱ䡣
ҲֻеȵͲľҹ±ӡ֮ˣȻǰһ˳Ū̽С

βܽǻָʶ˳˽ˡ
ôʱŮ̾ΪήңԼα׽ľ޷ȻĹ̸һ֪
ӣʵЩѿܹסѾǼΪ˵ˡ
̴壬͸Ůһε컨壬οʲôʴӱţȻԱȽβܹȽϺõطβ޵Ҳ˶ѣƾͶβľ
ȻβͲǾͨսβޣС١αװǱвβóġ
ܽ鱨ˮľԸôȤ
β޵ļֵж󣬾Ϳ帶˶Ĵ۴ѰβͿɼһߡ
̴˵βΨһ֧ҲΪûУβ޲ˣά̽λ̾Ͳˡ
ˮľȻ˵Ǵһлŷ⾡ķӡ潫Ȼˣʧȥ˴β޻ܻ֡
ܽڵСβôãҲ͸Խ
βޱȷʵɣҲǲȣֵ̽ܶࡣ
βǷǳ͵ӣֶҲ֣Ǻ޽취ֻǴ̫ߣʵֶѡ
ŷ⾡ֻӡβޣҲһҪǿ߲һ˾ͿԲˡ
ʱ򣬳žʹħ³Ĳɽغɱ˸ɾҲǷǳ
û뵽̽ȻôǿķӡľҶҪóԸβޡ
˵շɷţ
շˣɷѾû˻ˡ
εش
رֿ磬δжõֻͫɷʵЧʡ
ˮľҲʮ۲˴ɷӡ
ͨʵķӡûѪò
ܿרΪ޵Ĳתӡβ޵ǿҲΪβ޺಻ʱǿзӡβȡӦֶΡ
Щʱָϵ׿ˮľתͷʵ
Ҳˣ׼ôãͻ̴壿
ҡҡͷ
϶УѾ̴ĭŽܽľҶģɼֹš
ĭˮľǲ֪ôĴʱܽȥֻֻľҶȻȥȫˡ
ľҶ̰ͼСֻβޡ
ܹ˴˻շΪþٺòˡ


658 
ô̴彻棬ǸҪǵ⣬ˮľҪעģܽڵСβô죡
еҪȶβ޲ķӡû⣡
ˮľϸܽ
бʵΨһǣܹʹõ޿ܻСܶࡣ
β޻ǰβޡһβ޲⣬ܹõĲȡ༯־ȻȡٶȲȴܴ
ͬһˮ󼸺޵ˮȡˮˮдϸ
ܽڵİβޣܹõֵ½˺ܶࡣ
ˮľܹʹβ޲ͼβ޻ΪģʽղȻôһΪýβ޲β¶ʹòˡ
ģʽβ޻֧ţֻҪﵽܹ˷ͻĳ̶ȣЩ
ܽԲģʽԼûа취Ȼֻܱʵ͵Ľ
ҲǲĽˡ
ֵͷ
ʲôΣհɣ
İɣβ޲ȶ
ˮľ޲ķӡβ岻ƣοֻʣһС
Ǿͺã
ܽ岢ûʲô󰭣ֻҪڵβ޲ңͲ⡣
ˣˮľµ壬Ҳظȡβļһһ̵Ľѵ

ʮβжǿһӼ޵ĴͲľҹӵǿʮβǲߺǲͿɼһߡ
ʮβǡħǳ˲֮ʮβǿ֡
丱׾н޵һӸϾԶͨˡ
ˮľ˺ܴľħƬֳ
ֻҪǲգ䲻ɰ
һʼҪˮľĺǻһС磬ѾȼյĻˣˮľĸ֪УӶĸ;ڿʼչ¶
ˮľִںϵħƬ𽥿ʼȥڵĲ˴ľƬ
ԺʲôǲԤƣ
ľƬΧһƾ񲨶ӡƶɢݣȻ󾭹Īı仯𽥱ա
⵱ȻˮľϷ˯ˣˮľûʵΣյĶ˷Ρ
ͨԼۻ귨û뵽Чôá
ڻûѧģʽʱˮľѾͨͨԼռ߾񲨶ԣܹͨǳļ־ϳɲļƷļȻˮľһϡ
ڣˮľֱǰļõħƬ棬һ̲ͣռͨԼľӡ֮󣬻ħƬա
ȻյٶȲ죬ջҲܿɹˣѵõǽˮľľʱ̵ûСιʳòɵıˡ
ħƬղЧȻߣѾˡ
ΪҪǣˮľ뵽һֳħƬһԵķ
ֻͨ΢;ӶȻĿֲڡ
ʧȥ;ƬȻһ㣬ˮľͶʳȻôҲٺ׼ȷӦǽòϵĲиˡȻա
һˮľѾħϵķӡȷʵԽԼȻȻʳ
Ȼβ޲ȫ⡣
ˮľĿǰʵ̶ֳȵȻﲻʲôæҲԺãڶˮľȷʵǼߡ
Ҫˣ˶гĲģϢֲȱݡ
˸֪ɫ̫ûģʽ
ģʽѹء֪
ǰ߿ͨпβ޲ߣϧﵽʹģʽĳ̶൱
һⱾ޷ƽȻƲĲ˺û㹻ĲôˮľϵħƬͿһô
ģʽòű˴ñ˰ɣ
ܹȻľûΪģʽʱܱ䣬ûˮľϵĶ㡣
ˮľΪϷ˯ħƬβ޲ϰϣһǳõģʽŵıʩ
Ҳֻʱʱ̿׵ļһŻĥЩɣ
ֻҪܹﵽӦȻĳ̶ȣˮľȶڵȻǿ㹻ȶģʽѧϰѶӦû½һء
Ȼǰ˵ʮִ
Ϸ˯ڷӡħƬơ˿ĹܣòȻ˺


659 
һ뷨ҲһΣյĳԣȻ
ˮľ԰ȻʹãҲԡ
Լ뷨Ƶʹ÷ʽֻԼǺ˵ܲܰȫʹȴһˡ
ܸ֪Ȼߺ٣ܹˮľһµˣ˼ʵ֮⣬ʵ޼
һˮľԵģڲ֮Ҵ塣
ϴ֮ӡ뾭ˮľӡȫнһʱˮľħƬΪĲõķӡֱӽڶĲգˮľĿ֮£ѹӡĻԡ
ԵĽûгˮľϣҲǱ˵ӡ޷ʳŹյȻҲûʲôΣͱһա
ĿǰΪֹˮľܹҵȫûеħƬյ
ԵĲԵҽԾĻҲδ⣬ֱˮľóսƷСڰǿơ
ڣݵĲﻹ޷˳ա
ҲȻħƬôĻǾûʲôܹ˵ˣ̽ݻѹƵġ
ȻҲˮľϵƬǿм޵ĶٻڿɿصķΧ֮ڡ
ˮľղǸʲô
Υس˲Ҵˮľʮֺ棬̽籧кܴҴ岢ȱٺġ
µֵıܸ㣡
һ˵úǴ֣ʵǺƤȫ֪˼
Ҫʲôöɲˮľ
ϲܵȴҲ顣
һû˵Ҫأ
ˮľħƬϵķӡ󳷳ЦЦʵ
ûҲͷˡ
ҴߣҲı䲻ֻ
ǵĲ죬ֲֻ
ʱƣҴԽԽһʮҵˡ
Ͳܶһ죿⼸¶ûм桭
˵ɵˣ
ˮľǰ
߶ˣһһ˿ɲУ
˺ܶҴҲף˵粢ûôݡտһ̫ĲҵԼæңҪæԼͼֲסˡ
ðɣøǹǮ
ҪôǮʲô
ʳסвҪģеĹǮԼ֧䣬ҴӦҲ̫Ǯ·ŶԣҲû˵һȾ˶Ĳ֮໵ϰߵϢ

ҴѵõЩ˼
Լһ׷ӣ
Ҵ뷨ˮľ⣺
ҪǸʲôеطסô
˶пԻȥļңȴûУܾе㲻ԣˮľľҶҲмҰɣ

ˮľζؿҴһۡ
ҺͷӲһ¡ˣ˵Ҳ
ʶȷľѣǳɳбȻľ
ô
ҴЩʡ
ҲǲУ
ˮľҲǡ
ǲ׸епüŵĿУʵҲͻ뾡취һ
뷨Ҳ⣬ǣȻҪȥס͵ҿľģ
ȻˮľҴȫԲˣҲҪΪճöȲģϾǻ˼ҴܹóĽҲ֡
é®ҪȥסøĶȨĺһΣˮľṩĶϾԼġ
ǮˣҲףĳѾǳˣҲٸ࣡
ˮľĻһˮ˲佽Ҵ顣
ҿԸһѡ񣬹Ǯ룬ÿµԵõɣ
·תı仯ҴЩ⣬漴ɻʵ
һõ๤Ǯ
˵
߶ͻɹ̶нӸɹɷֺķʽ֧Ҳһּʩ
Ҫ͵׬Ĳ࣬õǮǰ٣ŬĻ˵ԭü
ǺãҾҪ֣
˷ܵҴ壬ˮľ̾һԺһԽԽһĳˣ粻ҪˮľҲ̽㡣
ˣæܲҲǮ
ⲻУô߿ɲǺϰߣ㲻һӶֿҸƼķã仰˵Ҹɻծ֮ǰҵˣΪѴȻģ
ףôû˵
һԵѯʵؿҴ¶Ǹر顣
㲻֪ˡЩҲۣҪǮҲУʲôҲܣҪǲúøɻҾͰ㿪һܸɵĴ㣬ʱɱԹҡ


660 Ʒ
һЩ֮ˮľͷҴˡ
ҴҪһӵ뷨ڻʵֵĻᡣ
ڷٷչĲ֮ԽԽǿԤģû̫õĻĻҪҵʵ̫ˡ
ҲǾԲܣҴ岻ͨˣһʵǿߡ
һ죬Ҫˮľ׬ǮĻԱԼҪܶ࣬ôߵ
ȻҲԼѡҪôͱе

ҴϵĲԺ˳һˮľܹҵƷǲͲҪˡ
СӣģʽѾ൱ˣҲҪһп޵ĸı䣬ִѾתְûô
ȥֻһпҪǾǶϢлûʲô츳С
źǣСΪֹûܹܵȻļ
෢һңȻûõϣ
״ˮľЩʧҲ֪Сʲôʱܹ
СоĹƽʱҪʱӣеʱȻᱻ
˳ԭȻҲȷʵ޿κΣֻٵһʱˡ
ҲһЩĵ飬Ǿ鷳Сɳȥˡ
ȷʵ徻˲٣ݶ֮еͼʵ̫࣬òСǶ
ˮľݵʱţˮľЩ졣
ȥֵطܸʲô
˻شǰһηӿʱ򼴽ʱȥ֮ˮľ벻ʲôô
鱨ʾ֮֯ѰѾ˳Ŀ꣡
Ŷ
ˮľüͷ
鱨֮Ӧǵйû취ǲǰȥɣ
İδ߽ǵĵ̡
ˮľҲ˴򽻵
׶֪ٶ뱬жˮľ൱ģ߱ȼɺͷӦ͸ޱ
Ҳ鱨ǰȥ飬ҲȡһЩ֤ݡ
Ҳˣ
ˮľˣܿǺǲȡϵˣ³ڲѱ֪
˿ǻսġ
ԲҪȥֻҪСһ㣬ܱ֣
ðɣһȷʵԷµضѲˮľһ֮Կ룬ᱻץסš
οˮľǱϢãԼĴڸбü͡
ҵĿʲôɲ̴ͬβܽľҶץϣǷǳֵġ
βʵǿ󣬲Ҫ̫ģ򲻹Ļӵ⡣
ؼǶβľˣһûȫסβ޵
֯ץĳԱֱɱ
Ǳɱ񣿡
ּٰˮľһ̾㹻ˡ
ǵ鱨Ѿ㹻ˣҪٶ˼ɣֱӸɵ
ǲҲһ
Ĵڷ֯Ҳһ
֪ˣ
ǲ˺ܸӣϱĶ̫࣬Ѿ޷ͷˡ
ҿʵĴ̫ԵĻΪһӢ۾ȥܸãֻǸ̫ˡ
ֻܾΪͲд̫鷳ˣֻۺöԸ١
ȫԸսˮľʤӦòС
ȫܺȷʵǿ󣬸ҲöԸ¶Ҫעɱﵣֵֵôֽš
ʹɱǲҲ⣬ֻ֪࣬ҪҪ£ͲƽϢһ졣
ֽŵݹһᡣ
ʹ壿
ˮľ̯֮󣬿һЩһĶ
ϴ֮ǰ棬ԼΪн飬彻һξ˳Ϊڣؽ֮֮жͿˡ
ʹֻ߽ǽڰɣ
ȻӰ̣ڵȡʲôֻǾ
ðɣ֪ˣʱôţ̫֮ܲʱ䡣
õģѾҵһЩͷϴǲĽгֵˣѾ֯ǣҵͽĻһ򾡣ûУˡӹ֯ɵˡ
ĻҲ㡣
ֻҪ̡̫ȷ̫񣬾Ͳ̫⣬֮ľҶͷȻжˡ
ˮºˣȻˡ֯벻
紫ǰҪʼˣΪƷģˣ


661 ɽ
УηĲΣձǲɿصδ֪
׼ȷ鱨˷ĵıϡ
֮ˮľȥΪĳЩԭٹΣֻڱ߾شһʱ뿪ˡ
ش֮˸еĹȡ
Ȼû֮ôߣߵͷĵλ˼Ӧ
Խ֮Ⱥɽ棬Խ˸е
ɽףֱɽƶˣϵƬƬ
ˮľɣֹطôᵮ֮ôǿĹҡ
֮еඨӵ㣬ɽ֮Ƚ˾ӵĵطٳģ󲿷ֶںμߵİɽ
Ȼ￴ܻϸ۲ֲ֮ˡ
֮ȻԺ䣬Ϊ󲿷ֵںӰķΧڣȲϻ֮ҲϷ˳ˡ
ټϳ˻֮֮ûǿڣḻʵǿ˿Ҳ٣ʹ֮ΪΨһһ֮аǿ
ڵزңˮƲͬȴƶ֣߽֮󣬲û߲ѵĸо
һΪ˱鷳ˮľǶһ˴ľҶ˸еӦĹȡ
ͬе֮ľӺնֳ飬һξǰľҶ彻棬⻹һǵʿ档
ŰʿͬУ⻹ǵһΣһεĻˮľԲЩһһж
Щ͸ñʷ̭ļһʵ̫Ȥˣڻ֮ʱǾһȫװģû¹ͷ˿ǵģѳģˮľĵײЩߡ򽻵
֮ѾˬˣģҲȡ
֮֮½˲٣ˮľҲõǻ
ϴżʮĸˮľɽˮûаԹԣˮľҲòЩһ־
˵λôҪҪϢһ£
λʿĲԱǰˡ
ĸ·ЩƤͷȷʵһּ尾֮
ЩʱûƱƽҲ൱ˡ
лģǶ־ᶨʿᱻһۻ
ЩԽȷʵľԴˮľ̾һ
ðɣˣϢһᣬǰСЪһЪŰɣ
̫ɽ磬ԶСʱ䡣
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ͷĳԥһ»ͬˡ
ʿȻĥ־սְҵʱɱҲоһЩʹüɡ봫ͳʿս
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òԼȫλǿͬʿõֱӹļɻòʡ͵ֶΣǲмʹõġ
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ͣĻᣬˮľǼλʿĿϣ˶һŰ嵽ݣʱͷԼ֮ȽϺ򣬵沿Բ԰ס
鿴ѾСˣʮӣ޽Ѿһư׷֡
ᣬֵ׳ʮ㣬һλֲĸ֡
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ˮľҲûЩʵĻʵǿӵ̽羫֮صĻ֮˼ǲܵģ˵ỰҲı䲻˻֮Ȼ۰̽ʵ
λǵһ֮ɣƺﲢ֡
ʱ
ǻĽǰҲֻǵ֮߾һЩСô뻹ǵһΣԣЩ档
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λ⣬ҪȥһСӣûʲô˸ȤĶ
˶ʶһҲǺõġ
ضˮľͷͷ˵š
ˮľٶ˵ʲôλ֮һͨοһ㷱С
ʶһ²ͬķ飬ˮľȻҲǺȤҪĿĲ
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ûãһӲɫؽһŵСֽεؽˮľ
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662 Σ
Ӱ鱨֯ûҵ׼ȷλá
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Ȼûҵ̽͹ˮȻжѾҴ˲̵ʱ䣬ҵβѾԽԽˡ
ˮľźǣ֮Ȼ㸻ȴþˣܶѩ֮ء˼ľȲʺĵϼȥĻϻ֮ˡ
û׼ȷ鱨ֵطҵض˸ͲܣĵطûС
Ҳѹ֡֯鱨˳ĵͷߣͲ֮ÿ
еԶһʱȥǰˣȰ˵
ˮľҲǲǾʹ˦νĳʹԼǱǲǻãǷֳԡ
Σտ϶ǲڵģ˾鷳ˣûĿĽ㣬ôľҶǲİӴ⣬˵ҵĿˡ
֮֯ȫ濪ս֮ǰǿҲԣ鱨ȫֹϾʹںܴ⡣

ݵˮľ֮ʿ̤ǰ·;
ֵԶͳǰ˽ŵĿĵء
ɽ֮εĸܡ
̴岻ͬһƽ˰ɽ֮޽սݡʯʽǣһɫ
ȻڽϱȽϴߴĿҲƣ黹ȽͣˮľйߣҲûСѡ
ʽݽ˸дױ֮ˮľλʿֿˡ
֮Ӱô˵ˮľȤָӰдʲôҲġ
ҪΪ˿״ǲԤսɲóˡ
֮鲼£һ֮󲿷ַɫһȽϺڵŮߡ
ˮľĴĿӰΨһӴ³ӵᰶѪ޽̡
һ죬ˮľûмӰֻŴ³ĴתתʱڷϢ
죬Ҳ֮ʲô㰲ˮľӰˡ
Ӱ칫ߵĽܾӸµع۲壬ܿԶֵȺɽ
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ȻˮľܹΪʹǰȻǲЩ򵥵̽ġ
ľҶˮľɲܹ˴ĸ֣ľҶ˱
Ҿˮľˣ
ǲǹжϡּȻ⣬ҲֻôĳԹ޷ˡżоޣܶ˵ʲô˵ǣ

ˮľͷ롣
Ҳִ֪˸˵ʲôҲܲµõҿƵνֻľҶ彻ûʲôô̽κһңǶˡ
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ӰȻ̫ԸϣľҶʵȷʵû±ܡ
ӻַԸ½ǰ
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ӰˮľԴЩ⡣
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ľҶһ֯סˡҰľʹˣ̫Сû뵽ľҶ̴ȻΪЩЦ飡
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ˮľ΢΢Ƿתȥ
һᣬ칫ֻʣ´³鲼Ӱߡ
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ҵĵܵܡȥϿݱܣо콫еľһ


663 
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ɫ׶ݴΪֲٶʹðһΪЧɱ˻µߣܶ˺
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ˮľķĴΧɱˣǻݡģʽԼ۶ݣȫȺ
ĲɵԭǼеĲͬµġ
Ӱ죬ս㣬սоʿ䣬սƫڳͽ
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Ҳ伫޵ģ۵֮£ֹؼҲֻʱ⡣
ڣûе̵ʱ֯ʽԱֻ֣͹ˮµĻܺؽΧɱˮӡ̶ֳȵˮľû̫ĵֿ
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񣬿ʧˣͷһˣ
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һ̽ս֮ȫ⡣
ˮľҲʮݡ
ԥһ£Ǿ͸¶һϢ
֮ʵ֪֯ҲǵΣԡ
รһ㵹Щ⣡
ľҶҲǲͼջǲ֮󣬲֪ôһȺΣյļһ˳ˮۡǲΪС
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664 ȵ
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ˮľȻ򣬡֯ĳԱһɲģˮľʼı֮ǰ֯ʽԱҲ̶ͬȵɸѡʵǿṢҲһʧ
ǲǰʮأˮ֮ĴĿˮӰʸָɵˡ
һ⣬һϵеĺǲ˳ûʸֲƿ壻˵ĸɽ޼롰֯ȡʮصλá
ȻôȻԭӵļһڽǶҵɶӵв֮Ĵ֮ǰ֪˳ָɵ˶ٺӵС顭
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Сĥɱ˼ս֣ʵǿʱûвο塣ֽʱűһɱĪաǿҸ־ķУԲпһзɱɱĵˡ
ʿóЩͬǸóɱˣˡ
ǿǷչƫģˣ֮ͳʿ󲿷ֶźȫס
ʿͽ൱һȺ壬ԸͨˡԼٶѹǵߣǾһĴڣһ˵ĸ̫ˡ
ԽǶǿߣһBΧǿʿûз±Ҳֻ·һ
ͽǶ浥ӦûвСĻȡʤ͵ϮĻûлĿܡ
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ǵѡ񣬹Ȼ鴫
ڹάһ£Ҳ⣬Ժ˵ҪЩսƤͷȻ֮ߺЩ˵Ҫһѣ
ѹЩʿеľҶ򽻵Ӧ˲鱨вСİ˵ӰŻǻǵ͹̵İ

βľΪʵ⣬δȫסβ޵
嵽ǻ۷Ĵ̴壬ӵвٵֲֶΣȻ覴ã㹻Ŭõ֮Ѿβ޵Ⱪˡ
һξ룬ȫβ޻Ҳǲˣʱǿһã̫Ļǻʧء
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ˣ˻ټȥҪղˡ
һҵ˶βȴûмҪĿӰһѻˮİϷãҪһ£ȣӦõһľ˵ʵ


665 Ը
ӵֻǿβޣβţǽȾβһĴڣβܹõȲβ͸βޣβĲβеĹԡ
ͨݵĶβԸβδ̫ƣߵʱ򣬻β޼Ĳֱ֡
µĻ·ƬȼյĻõ
צ»ĶβߴսеãȾ󲿷β޶Ҫǿ
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Զð۹۲桢½顢塢Χ
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֪Χ˶ˮľɱˣЩ֯ΧԱһʵûС
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666 
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Դļһʱ۶ֵò
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ûȡ̫ЧľҲ𽥼Ӵ
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β޻սҲˡ
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667 
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668 
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ˮľ߽棬ûκȻһץ˳ˮľýշնϡ
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ҿƵúܺãӦû˵ľˡ
ڶβãγɵνʱƻԶָ
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ҪάһĻռ䣬Ҫ̫󣬿Լ̫ˡȵһ̶ȣǵĲ㲻θڡ
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ػɵľƺûзϣβ޷ӡӣһ˿˿β޲ð
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ˮľӡУи֪ʮֳɫϣӦûһ㵽Ŷԣû뵽߹ˡ
ͻȻϮˮľľ˾͵Լǰͬʱָʵá
ˮľϣԭֱļڿҪľ˵ʱ򣬾Ȼһ䣬ԲܵĽǶȣ˾ȵˮľ
֮ĹȻܿ磿ᰶݡ
ˮԲں϶ɵѪ޽磬ڹٺͿƷȷʵܲˮľ⧲֮¶ɡ
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669 
Ѫ޽ȷʵףᰶݵƻ׶ݺˮҪࡣ
عˮľ˶񣬾Ϳ˴Ӻڰ߳ӰżĴ³
ƤɫԺڡˮľķɫв׷סֱۡ׺ˮǶϵ
ͷ¶β֮Ҳ֮񣿡
ðɣˮľҲϴ³һɢģȷʵͣˮľɲΪ˰͵ı塣
εĿҲǴﵽˣ޷Ӱ֡ҲڡͶβľ˴һǿйһֵ
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ڵĴ³Ӱʵе࣬ʱֵˮľ̫עȻһȺ̣ˡ
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ڴ³ָ֮£ʮֽľ˻ֵˮľĹ
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ͬʱԶһڣˮľڸ߿չ۲·Ķ
ˮºֱôǽ
Ͷβսһˮľû̫߼ֻģʽӡʵóֶνľɻܣʱռûб¶ôݳ롣
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ˮľôпѡѪȵشݾߵսΪ¶ôܣȻҲԤ֮С
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670 
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ʵ㹻ĲһͲֲܱҶԽԽ绹ǲпᣬû뵽ٴμ棬Ȼ¡
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ѧеջȻȫ֮ʵҲӳ˸߼ʵٶȡ
һϵ߸֡ˮ֣ɱ¾ͨ˺͵ͼһѺ֣ͬҲ൱ǿƣ߲뱻ɱĵ¹Ҳû
ˮľУˮ±һԶԸĵطǱȽóܶѡ
ˮľıλãֻҪˮľ󷢴ȱطŹԹˮµʵҪܣֱ췽ҹ̷
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µΪֹȥˡ
ԶϣһȰɵ
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671 ˵
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һ֮֮߳߾ˮľǵ𣬽Ҳû÷֮أһͨһ˲̵ʱ֮ŻصľҶ塣
һʱ佫񱨸ύ֮йµػشһЩ⡣ͬʱɵ֤ʬϽʹᡣڹˮ£ʣѾױϵѳԼڻÿҪֲӵ̻
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ˣȥҲֻΪ˱ȻûؼҲֻˡ
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ڻǱȽæµģµĴһЩձҵûһˡ
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ˮľʹ趼ΪԷԼЩƣʵϣˮľǺͬĵ·
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ܺ輸ͬʱеľͻȻ͵رըӵ׵罫˳ԡ
Сӣ֪ҵص㣬Ψ㣬ˣ뿪⼸꣬ͬʦʵһ֪ղһн׷
Ŀס˵˫ȣ£ֻʣһԴ¶档
ٴ¶ľվ֣׼˵䣬һתĴ赱ͷ¡
㲻֪ҵʵɣʦ
óӰ֮νԼս棿
Ҳǳ˶񲹻ͺ޳ĵطĳɳʵĻ
޴Ĳת涼ҳһӡ
ͬʱŨһǧǧȷ룬Ǻ֮Ӧǲ֧֮Ԯ
Сӣ׳̰εض𣬽ľ֮س״ݻ١
ʦ˰ɣ
ͬʹ֣ҲЩ
Ӧòᣡ
˽ΧڻδֳӰľ
ͻȻ˸оЩԾŵͻȻŢ˲Ծȥ
ݡȪӣ
ò׽ͬʱۼһľǲġ
Ѿʹ˺ü߼ֹôĲҪն񣬷ĻԼаʤ
ͨȮֵ֪λԼ򵥣Ҫһе֣ȴ׵顣
ǽǵĵһΡ
һӴڡǰλ
ĵˣͲݡ֮ˣǿĻݣֱӽ
޷ƶ˱صײɣȻڵϡ
ΪСӣֿǿԵĲܷȻǱľþȫƣҲ˲٣˵ˣ൱ս
ûжٷмĳǿָټй¶β޲Чʹ˲ģվ
ʵǿǲңӵǿ׶ݣԼٶȣȴûзʵͱش
ǻ
һľһ˲ǰ
֮
˲ʵת˲ãһͳ˹ȥ
׶ԸĶ֣̱ս
ʣСӣˣ̫ԣǾȻ̿ԻܹҲӦֻ֪⡣
⵽µǿ߾Ŀǣʦˮľⷽ㡣뵽ֲ࣬ûôǿûж˿Ա¶㣬㻹С
Ҳ˲սڸ㣬У
ȻãŶݼסľҲǻõġ
رٶȵľŲӰһ˲ͽӽ˴ҰӣӦԶԶѷɫǲСӣľӦߣʵ̫ΪˣҪ㹻ʱһأ˵ֺܹþãҲֻǵŰѡ
ˣ
ʩչԶ֮ˮľһԿŵв٣֡Ҳλ϶ڡ
߰ʵǲģ༫ˣȫûγĬ뻥ӰϺȣô򵥾ͱĻˡ
򵥣
ˮľЦһ
ڳмܹղʹõһ飿
칫Ҷʱѻȸ
ʤúܾգûҵЭشҶ֪ͲҪװûˡֶ㲻ȥô
ðɣ˵еҪһҪıʩ˷Ĳ£
Ұɣ
š֣ˮľϲˣ


679 
βսûг⣬߶ľĲСӣֻܱûлֵ
ǲʱСӣǿܹӦùڸǿľǰֶͬθɲó
óݣǲ̫ˮݺͻݣܶԿв֧˼֮󣬾ͱڵء
һг䶨ʱľԾĨһѶͷĺˮ
߼˺üӰҲ򱬣ʧܴҪǵһֽ޷Ч鷳ɾʹˡ
ʱȽѧĥϣҪ˶ãܽԼϾ
ڿĸ֪УķӡỺԼע͵Ĳ֮ͳͣˡ
ɢȥļĿٴϮ¶ǱӰ
ĳߣ󲿷Ҳ已̥ͨһģʴߣҲı䲻˱ʣ˼ˣ̴Ӱ޷ҲпܻᱻһCɱ
ûʲô󰭡
һЩʹҽͿԺܿƣָӦúܿ죬Ҳº֢
飬ǽȥҽԺˡ

ζʱսû˵ע⡣
ľҶҪһ֮⣬ȫǵ߰£ӦľȫȨ
ӰСصǲҲֻǾ֮ްԺˡ
ã֮ҽһ¾ûˡ
Сӣ͸ˣ;ͨҽ̫Ҫ˵İͿԼһжá
Ҳв٣Ϊֵˣ˺Ըļˡ
ڲΪ֪ʱƺִһû֪ٴΪ˽ҽԺֻһ΢˶ѣһĿȻ
մﵽĸ߶ȣ˭˵ʤһǲɳٶȷʵҪһ㡣
̱̽ѵˣʲôֵģ
Ʋֵϲģ仰ˡ
ҪǸСҲ̣ܵǱ缸ô
ȻϣҲظоԼĲࡣ
ʱ䣬Ҳɳ˲٣ԶԶ
ǿСӣҲ÷ǳˡ
ԭԼĿΪֻԼĶ֣СӣֻһҪŮӶѣڣô¡
СӣҲڶҪǿ꣬ҵʲô
ҲеˣûвնҲ֪Լܴ󣬵֪˶ԱȣԼ״ʲôλá
ֱڣص֮󣬲ΪʲôΪ̡
ôɥˣܿҲøǿģ
ľվڲ䰲ο˵
ʱ䣬˺ˣҽɣ
𣿡
˴⣬ǰΪ̫ʲôòãԶûչС
ڣԼʦľڿҪѧˡ
ʦǵѧˡ
˵ôҲǺܹġ
ڨЦ˵
ڴ֮ǰЩҪ
䣬ˮľͳǰ
þûˣˣһ˰ɣ
ˮľʦ
ܺá
ˮľصͷ
ûңԣܹٳԵͷˡ
ѵǿʦָҵģ
ôܣ
ˮľ΢΢һЦ
ʲôأǵڰ˰ʦСӣʦûָС
ңʲôȵȣ˵Сӣʦ
԰㲻֪
¶ҡҡͷ
ѹСӣôɰˣԭǸˮľʦѧģ
⻰ɲܵûˡ
Ե޹ʵɳߵƷǺص¹ʡ
ôڣ
ףҪʲô
Цпˮľɢ˸еϢ
𶯣ҪˣҿɲΡ
ˮľǰֹ˲϶ܵˣ򿨿ŬŬ죬ǰæ·
ýˣǽƺҲġ
һ£ΪʲôҪأҲû˺
Źˣǰһȣ˲Сĸı䣬¶˵ϸ
ɺãҪ
ˮľóƷӡҩˮͱʡ
Ҫǳˣġ
һǣ൱鷳ҸֻҪ󣬾͸Ӹˡ
ʱռģֻˮľһҲǻģҪͨİæ
Զ봫ͣ鷳ǶλǣֻҪ㹻Ĳ;Լ򵥵öࡣ
ˮľµķǣնõĲԣŸʹãԶλͲԼơ


680 Ӱ
¿ռǣΪλҪݣˮľһ˸֪õǱȻ顣
߲ףʹõʱռԭͷ֮вСĲ죬ȫܼݡ
ֺˮľڶʹıǣֻͲսԮ˳ֹˮľ˽ºΪˮľԶ봫ֱ͡ӾԮ
鷳ҿǻ˺ôĹĶҪҶ˷ˣҪǮġ
Ȼйѱˮľ׬һȣ˭ҲӶࡣ
սսУˮľ˽СʱŽռǸá
ˮľ˫תķȥʧƤ֮¡
ˣ
ʱӽ磬ʢĵʱʵ̫ȣŵϷһ㺹顣
·Դˣ
ʲôѵҾͿԱøǿ
ôܣˣͿ֪ȥΪʬ
˵˵ڵϻӰ֮ǰҲŲУһûдأ
⡣
ˮľʰöתͷԿ˵
ҵɣˡ
ʵһȫãΪʲôҪ
Щź
̫鷳ˣ㿴СӣҵĻ
ĵ㲦ҲͰˣ˾Ľ̵ôԼеӺѧҪչˣеΪнȲġ
㲻ԸˣϾҵΡ
ˮľػӻ֣
æɣȥҲ̫á
ΪչСӣУˮľ͵˺óʱ䣬Ҳˮľִˡ
һʱ䣬Ҫڵָ߰ĥ棬飬ֻˮľˡ

ѵСӣΧȻĲ
Դˮľſ֮СӦ̶ȵСӣϵģʽɶȡ
˿صģʽٶȣҲڶѵ֮Ƚߡ
ˮľּѴ֮Ϳģʽĳ̶ȻңԶٲǺôļߡ
ʦ˵ľУ׸ôأ
һڤ˼벻УǺ˼ͷ
Ϥԣģô
ˮľûнСӣķ
ÿ˵ǲһģҲǧٹ֣ȫñ˵ĸֻģһȡúý
˵Ĺ£ֻһֲοԼС
еĺ壬СӣҲ׵ģԼ
СӣԾЦЦʮСŮ̸̫ˡ
߰Ѿؾۣ˺ԼߣȻżҲᳳܣڵСӣ뵱ġ
Ҫûսͺˣ
ˣȻ֪Եɣһʱ䣬Ƶ̶ֱͬʱԼββľҲСӣһ˿ԤС
صϢʼӣľҶ߻̣ż͵ĽŸС
Ҫˡ
˵⻹ֻǼ֤ݵĻôƵĵǲʵˡ
ֻҪеߣԼᣬֲܸܵЭ
ҲֻڴġľҶƻ֮ĿԳնսּĿ֮ǰһŻҵʱڲա
ʱСӣͻȻоԶһӰٽӽ
ģʽ״̬£ԭ֪Сӣһϣǵõ˼ߡ
ʲôǱߣ
Сӣվ˵ķȥ
ҡ
ɫһ˫Щİɫͫ׵ŮСӣǰ
ˣ
ţǸˣվۻᣬҴˡ
ûйϵǶߣȽҪ
Сӣصͷġ
ҲΪУ

ЩŤ˵
˵Ѿˡ
ŶˣǸһڲӦñʦȥϰˡ
лˣѾûˣ־˺Ҳ
𣿡
ȾԴһɫͫ׿ŵĳԵѹʱͨ졣
ǣҾͲˣһ£ˡ
˵꣬ɱ뿪ط
ųȥıӰСӣ̾š
ɡ޻ڵĸĺѵõĽô
ߵŮϣСӣԼӰӡ
ʱСӣ˲֮ǰϵ¡
Щʦ˵ģҲתɣ
ЩСӣҲǲֻ
ܸое㲻ģô׷
˳ƣСӣ˫ֽӡӣ̰εض𡢲һ֮ڵϣ
޻ת֮
Сӣתͷ֪һ³ȥķ
ָľЩ


681 ȡ
һβʬת֮
ʱƣ״̬ʼÿµĴѾ޷ٱսˡ
ľҶİ׷ԽԽҲ֪ˡ
٣ƿ֮ô
ǵģˣ
µҩʦȵػش
ЩӣҪǴİҩʦľ״ͱȻʴòˡ
ֻһ鷳βѾҲͻľҶ壬ԭ̵߰¼ᣬľٴγΪǵĶӳ

֮ں˵
̫ģֻҪҲˡ
ܹʹ֮ǰʵܵƣ޷Դ̶ֳȵв
Ϊó׶ݡǧ㹻ɱĿǰΪֹûȫ̬仯ʱ仯
ֻҪ֤ܹץǲˡ
ȡдҪĿ֮꣬⣬ҲǺ
ÿһʹòʬתһ壬ҪһʱӦʹʵ𲽴ﵽ۷塣
ʱĳ̣ʺʵϢϢء
൱壬ʵеĻʵָԽӵʱԽ
ڽʱ֮ڣ󲿷ʱ䶼ڲܷĴУԴ˵ǾԲܽܵġ
϶ҪģԿƵķΧ֮ڣȻԽǿԽãҲôػָʵԽԼʱ䡢ڶдĿ档
˾˵ĻҾȥˡ
ȻԴ벻ôִţδӰҩʦԴģԴ󣬻Ƕ䳤ľݣʱҩʦԴ貢޶ģֻżˣһСڲ𺦴£һôѡ
ˣҪʧ
˴֣Ȼ֪ԼĵʲôȡʲôжȡĽһǵôҩʦ
βȻѵһıҪܹŪ֣һǿߴҲڻ¡
ʱŸ̴Թ˲ϾĻᣬ½һȡһһ߽һߴ壬ֵܽصӣµ
һѣҲûʵֵĿܡ
£ȡǲȵĻɻһ֡
βû˿ץǲдۣûˡ
ǲͲдָˣˮľյǸ¡壬򲻵ѵ£ǲֵģʵɲ⣬һԽԽǿˮľͻʵڲһǵѡ
ôΨһֵܹľǲˡ
ʵѾˡ
ûпͲд۵ǲõѡ񣬶Ҳǵ̫鷳ļһ
ˣֱΪ
ˣȻԶȥѰ塣
óôĳ룬ȻзıС
ԴʵҩʦţûʲôܹӵùԼơ
Ҫʼ̨ˣȻپԱϳڳʰо־ˡ֪ʲôļһˣ
Ѿ̽鵽βҩʦץɱβ䶼⡣
ؼûкʵѡβǿҩʦͽƿԼˡ
һʱ䣬ҲԹˮľļֲǲǧֺмϸ˽ֳʵĽȲôã˵Ϊˡ
ˮľļû⣬ǴѰɵõļȫԵķƣ´費òԭеϼá
ȻѾμˮľּļʽеࡣ
ƶڣؼĵطǷȱҴڵ״Ѿоˡ
˷ΣòΪնȡӽȵĶҲǲѡ
Ȼʱ䣬Ϊ֯ľҶ´ص󽵣ܶΧ֯Ϣ˶һɨա
ܹʣģɶʵɿһõ˲ţãҲܹڻӡ
ˮľĵ²ȫ޷ĪľݲڣܹǿʵѹƿŮߡûôһˣܹӰβĹҲȫûӰ
ǣһЩ졢ע˲ȱȫƷӡӵѪ޽Լ߻в٣Ȼˮ֮ĺ汻ˮľֽ˲٣ֿп޵ڻңҩʦ㹦ܹڶʱһѡ


682 
ľҶ壬߰Ѿľ֮£жһʱ䡣
̿ԿʼСһֱ˽ôʱ䣬õ߰ѾʧŶӾǿһ˿ֵļ
ˣһ׶εļѵһ䣬ҲУˮľ࣬ɲһ׵飬ҪȥˮľɾͲˡ
ˣ
ˮľһˡ
ԭΪһЩû뵽ҲָһŶս
ݽϰɣҲҪһУҲŽ̵ȥͬô
ˮľæҡҡͷˮľֳֺõ飬ɾ֧ŲסˣˮľͲʵʵߡ
Թһʱ˵ɣң˵ĲǷ磬ȻҲᣬ̫ͨķ
˹õòæ
˵ԼǸSķҿ˵ˣǴ˱ͻ跢չĶӦúʺ
ǵĻӰ˻Ǵ󷽣ȻѾ֪ˣӦôӸִõϸ˰ɣӦò⣡
ȻָʲôæˣܾӦø˵һ
ˮľڰ֣
Ǹ͸ִ˽߼ĳ룬ʲô鷳ðɡ
ţȹʱ䣬һЭеķ̫ĲˣҪľ
รǾ˵һѾˣ⵹ǸϢ
֣ϻӰӡľӵѹβ޲ߵܶͱȽϷˡ
Ҳ˻ˣ˲Сæôơ
⵹Ҳǣ
ҲΨһȽϴǲóóݺݣҲѵõǣһЩķӡЩˮľЩͣзӡнӡǷԼͨĽȣǲֶΡ
м£һҪ㣬Ȼڵľ״Ƚȶ費ʬת껺ѾˣҸмʱѾˣܾңӦƲԶ빲
ӡô
üͷһ塣
·ճ̶ʵڲ˵ʵѾ㹻ǿˣӦԱ˰ɣҺ͵߰һ⻹ҵϣӦòŶԣ
ˮľҡҡͷ˵
ΪʵǿһʧҲ̫С֮ӡˣϵӡѾܼ򵥾ܰˣһЩİ취⽫һӵ
ûκΰ취ô

ˮľɴش
ӦУõ˵дзӡԵ˵Ŀܣֶο϶ˡ
һ漰ȻʴͲͿԽˡ
ҪôˮľֽյĥʯĥľзʽҪôĳǿӡα겻α
֮Ҫġⲿһ鷳ҪעӡԾʱӰ죬߲˿ǵġ
֪ˣ
ʵ˵زǲܹĵ׵ĸ֮ѹʱ䣬ˮľѾȽˣʲôӣˮľȫ²ˡ
ķչ̶ܴȡǲж
δļԽԽɿҲɿˡ

ģʽˮľϵоŸֶΣиͨ˿ǿ
ҪˮľоĳɹռõĴսܹ˳Ͳľҹӡ˳ɹβ޺ͽС
ڣˮľѾ֧һ˵ģʽˡ
С˵ģѾ˰ɣ
ţѾ˺üˣõġ
Ǻðɣע⣬Ҫ֮һͣ
ȻûʹרоֶΣССһڸյˣֻ۾ȹ̵ĳ̶ȣԭˮľ֪Ҫǿ١
ڲ⣬зӡϷ˯ħƬӳֵķӡֻҪΣգˮľܹʱСڹȻա
ģʽҲֻˮľôСˣˮľŲֳֺõ顣
СĲˮľıݻ֮޳ģʽܲάּӶ⣬Ҫڲ̫ˡòܹʹãֻʹһ΢߼һһģʽҪˡ
ˮľԤУСȡÿƿصҪģˮľЩҪʹõСֶξóˣ˵ˮľЭһС汾֮ӡȵȡ


683 ̫
ģʽʲôӵģˮľҲǵһμ
ˮľûһξͻɹǲܵ飬СóϸƲ
ϵǣһϣС൱
㣬ҪƵĲҲ١
һģʽгɹĹؼǱȻƽ⣬μǿȡģʽɶһҪ顣
Ȼϴߣںܶ෽涼һЩ仯
ˮľ֪ģʽУ仯ҩʦһ汾֮󵽵ʲôģˮľҲ֪˵Ӧò̫Եı졣
ҲģʽҲкԵܱ
Ұӣˮľģʽ𲻴󣬵ˮľͫɫͷʽкܴı仯Сӣûôˣֻͫ׵ɫ˲ٽɫĹԣ۵ı仯ˡ
⵱ȻСӣģʽɶȱˮľߣԭˮľܵϷӡĶӰ죬ϵľۻ귨ռͨ־ԼЩ仯
Сӣ컯̶ȺܵͣΪеģʽ൱⣬ûľɽضӰ죬չֳ̬ġ
᳤Ҳ֫һ
Сģʽֵ״͸ˣˮľϸ۲춼ֲʲô仯ܹܵڵˮľΪʧˡ
ɹô
Сϣصˮľжϡ
ţ
ˮľͷ˼һ
Ӧûʲô⣬еϡ
Ҳֱ仯ܴΪɶȲСҲеƣԭȴһ
㡢֪Ȼ̫ǿҲϡ٣ȻҲģʽеࡣ
СڵѾϡ޷ˮľеˡ
һ㣬Ǻʹ轫ֽⲢںӡȻֲƽһСڵӣǸոĳѧߣҪϵӦܸܵõطӳֹֻɻƽӡһ״̬ӡ״̬ͻȻʱҪðΣա

СеʧܹˮľʵʵķԾս״̬СҲڴ˺ܾãû뵽ҲֻǵõһƷ
עҪ񡣡
ˮľѣôһĹСڵȻͿʼˮľòӴħƬȻȡ
Ҳǻ£ʵҪѭ򽥽óȻղܿƵҲǺ£ѾˣӴø磬Ҳߺܶ·
һܽĺͯؽУĸСѧԺֻҪͰѧϰ˳µؽ븽ССȻУͶɱЩҰ·ӻҪһһؿˡ
ĳ̶ϻв࣬Ѿˣ㹻ߵ㣬ʣµľǶϰ
Ψһ鷳ľǣˮľҪʱΪСбݻҲ㲻ʲô
ɣǼģ
ܹԭȫûпܽӴȻģʽСҵһ·ѾܲˣҲ֤·ߵֻͨǱȽжѣܱȫûͷҪöˡ
ǺðɣֻԭΪܹǿͿ԰æģ
Ҫżʱ䣬ԺȻвҪΪҷǵ顣
˵ʱѾˣĴ̽սһʱ䣬Ҫܹǲˣ˺ǲǲ顣
ڵһֱͲдֻۡۡʮβ񣬻𵽺ܴõġ
ңģʽһսɣһҰƽ̨ߵȵ֮Ȼְҵи̵ʶ

ʱ䣬ѾˣѡľҶ壬ǲڡ
Ѿ̵ԼǲԼɳļڿʵȻ֪赽ܹǿʲô̶ȣҲԲᳬڵԼ̫ࡣ
ǰʱֱ߰ʦľɻܵ飬ҲЩ
ǲľʵ˭ȽǿĿǰԼռ鱨ӦǲҪһ㣬ԼľʵѾͿȽϽӽʵսȻвСĲࡣ
ڵ߰ϲĬ⣬һ㲢ӰԼɱǲִֻòᣬԼԲ˲Լ顣
ܸľҲǾȫܽܡ
ЩǶֵͬսȷţ߰˵ʵԱȿҪǿ


684 ۼ
ʵĶԱȵȻô򵥵ĿҲ˵ܶˡ
ѧУʱǲƺܴһ֦㶼ǿƣѧУҵΪʽ֮ʧȥѹԵơ
ʱƣÿ߶ҵʺԼĵ·ؿʼƣСĲࡣ
ǲΪ̣Ҳδܽٴ
ÿ˶гʵĽѧƶȣǱ֤ܹ˳ɳĹؼ
ףԼȻһǿһЩˡ
沢û׷ߣͬһ˺ʹҰӣһֱԼѹ
ԭëڵֵһˣҲʼܺԼһϳˡ
ǰҲĽǿֲĳͨޡ̫ҲԼһ۲ѡ
ڣѾΪһʱ֮󣬾Ȼǿ󣬵Ǳû׷ֲɿıҪǲԼӦþݵģԼҪԽĿꡣ
Ҳ̸ɱǲˡ
ģǴҰӣ
ģʽǲɵ˿ܲǺףΪͬһͬ飬ȻСӣ״һ֪
ȻûкڵСӣֱսԼҲԶԶظܹģʽµǹɾκ˰
ϵļ֮УţСӣʵԲȫԸԼ١
ûУ̲סģʽǿô
Ҳòشʵû̫ϸ鱨ҲõһЩʾ
ƵѾô
˵ʲôԼ׼Ļ˴˵еͲдۣҲֻмҪҪĶˡ
ӡôԭˣֲá
㲻׵ĻǾ̫ˡ
ľҶ߶޲ߣȻ¡
ˮľҲֻʱͨؽǺģʽͬһε˵ͨˡ
һ̵ʱ򣬾ķǾ˵ڣǱֶζԸǱǲǸøˣ
ΪʲôˮľͿҪ뿪ͲдۣʸӴܣ
ڲᵽԼȻѾǿˣȻûлùؼԵûʸĸ֮Ϸ
׶ݡݺͻͲдۺӡҪķչҲԼ绢һԳ
ȻʶԼǲ֮޴Ĳܹ࣬ҵʵֶ뷽򣬷һ˿ظĸоǰãȻ޴롢ֻ֪ɵá

ѰβѾһʱˡ
ֱǰãĿڵĵصһųľҶ岻طĽȡ
ԽӽβޣԽΣա
βȻڼǰĴĿˮӰʸȡúͽ⣬ֻǶʸƣδжϡ
Ѱβޣпĵ˵ķգβޱһͻʧȥ
ѰβʵóԸβޣβһ˽⣬ֻ֪Ŀѡ
ôʱĵȴ֮βĴλá
֮ı߾ﻹ鷳Ĺط
ĿǰȦĴ·Χڻ֮֮ĵط
ţֻҪ֮֮սǾԵĹؼ㣬ߣսʤ˰˳ɡ
̽սˮŰ⵽شǲ֪ľдۡ
ʱﲻԶĵطֵĵܵս
һսҪأ֪˶ߵʬ塣
ȻֻɺϣˮľʱҲǲĳЩصﱾʹĳصԣԶ鷳߲Ӱ̽Ĵ¹ʡ
ַ鱨ϸ˶ϵĵͼ
طеУٴĵǲȥ飬Ҳò˺սˣ
Ѿ˴µĵص֮ѰҾͲô鷳ˡ
ңǵشʮֲڹ֮ҲǺԶǱѩص˪֮Ǵܵڵء֮
鷳ͬһطۼơ
Ȼų˿βעĿܣ᲻˽ⷢӡˮ㻹˵׼
֮пܶβ֣ȱ㹻ǿĿֶΡ޷ж״ʲô⡣ң豾ͺ鷳ˣһֻβ޵ʵǲ롣
пУҲֻλˮ׺תС˺۴衣
ˮľ֮ʵ
ҲβҵˣľҶӦøһˡ׽Ӧһ£ǲǸ뷨ҲǲǼ֡


685 
ҵβѾ㹻ˣľҶȻǮҲ˶ѡ
ߴ˵ǮҪάֹģսӰҪĳ룬β޲һ
ûĸú˵ףսԵ͸ȫȫԼ
ȻؾӦýβץȻ󻹸壬Ҳ̫߹ľҶἺΪ˵ıԣҲ̫Сʵˡ
Ȼά̴֮һ棬ӦǺľҶƽƽĴڣҲһ
ˮľĻȻ˵òȷʵ޷ЭУûЭ׽βޣ̫ĵĻ治һǺ¡
ôţ
ЩɣЭʱȷʵûôϸ
岻̴壬һ¡Ҳû˸˵ʲô̫鷳ڤǿƣδػô롣
Լβ޶ץסҲܹߴ壬ûʸӵ
˵ֻ̽һǵĵ
ߣɱ˵ĺ֣Ըβ治һжǿ
β߾Ϊβ޷ӡ⣬ʦĿɳӣں˳ա
ɴ˿ɼķӡһ㣬ûڤԳ֣ܻκββ䡣
Ψһܹϣģβսûлָ۷壬ȽϺöԸһ㡣
ǺˮӰ̸һ£ȻʵǺ׵ʱҲ˲ôˣ֮壬ǻǿô
˵꣬ҵĿⶼһԲľ
Ҫһˣ
ȥö࣬ܲ㻻ˣ
һΣڸֵ֮£Э飬һϤȥȻõģһ֪ģ˵㲻״
Ǻðɣ
ȻҲû취ˣȻǸŮˮӰЩЩҲʵڲñԹڣΪƴĽڡ
ֻȥôҪҪȰһ£
ҪȷϣľҶҪҪȥ
֮˵
УܸõпܶβȤ̫ˡ
ˡ֯ʹ裬˵ҰľҲʵ
ȻѣȻԷһ㡣
̴֮䣬ƵĹϵҲҪ˽һ¶ԷʵԼԼеĵλУֻŲʵ¡
ܹβΪĿģһ൱ǿĸ֣ڵ״ܹɳģҲôˡ
ڤ뿪壬ôܹץβѡ͸ˡ
һĴ봦÷òҪǰæǵ̲죬ҲҪȥ
鱨ռ˵
ľͷʾס
²˳٣ϽʲôʣϽϢش
βʱпܱҵʱ֮һ£ôش϶γɺԼͺ޴ڵˡ

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־Ųأٲμֻ飬Ϊ͸ֲϣҲ˵¡
Ļ˼ʮۻߣͳ֮˽κ飬ежֻ޳ɺͷȷ̬ȡ
͸ֵĻŲؿ϶ǲϵġ
ҪǷԣ͸Բõ֧ŵĳ˽°ж
ĳЩ˵һﲻϲҲǱȻġ
ǣڳҲȴһԲеˮľ⡣
ֻΪʾڸУվ̨ĻȫûҪڵĸȨѾ㹻ˡ
ľҶ壬Ѿǿˣ
Ҳˮľ
ţ
ˮľҲͬҲ˵̽ս̽綼ʧȡ
ڵľҶ˿Ǹʱ
ġ̡Ҳʹˣ˶ڡ
սһ˳һߣҲǱȻ顣
ľҶ»ɣѾ𽥶̴γѹƣǿĶҲһǶ֡
ʮ̾β˺ѾģʽĴҰӣ
ڻȻô̴βޣͷڵʱûй
ľҶڵݶӣ֮ٴơ
Ҳ͸ֻδȥ¹ȮڣŮȼмһ̽սĸֶȫʢڣǣܹսβ޵ĸֶһ
⼸ҵҲԽԽ졣
ľҶĵƺ걸Ľϵڽ꣬ľҶԽԽ
ֻҪܽľҶһٻò˶೤ʱܶɽߴ嶼Ȳ˵ġ


686 
ϸ룬ҲĻȷʵû
֪ľҶָ˴ʵʩľҶƻ֮ǰʵұǰʤһ
뵽ˮľһ
ľҶʵԭǿܶ࣬ҴϹϵҲ˲󡢱øǿˡ
βع飬ûΪץʧ̫սˮľĴƺҲ˸һ¥ϣ
Щڤ˵غľҶףͼβ塣
ˣβܽβϡβľˣеİ˱ˡеܵˮľ΢ġָ㡱ز⡢׾ٵؾͱץ
ˮľֱϵСʹҰӣʼӴԭԲѧģʽ
ˣΪ̵սϵذθߡ
ľؿԳɰ˹Ҳܵ˲СѹϢжϣʵӦ˲С
ľΪǲ˺ʹҰӣǰάϣƽʱҲ˸ʱС
ѧ˵ʱڵľĿǼСģΪвĴڣԽˮľɵӰ첻ϵӲɢγϯ̽ľκˣһˮľġ
ǣָԷǳȷı仯Щѽ⡣
ΪˮľӰ챻ɱģ϶ķչǳźǲˮľͲűˮľôΣ᲻ȡѵԭлҪ
ﾺĽԭġ
һٹ̵֪ʵġ
ӵͼ߼ʱŽнȷġ
ı׼ȷ˵Ӧýֲܻ仯ķȫɢҲ׽ġ
ȻΪ󲿷ָıкģô
ΪȻѡ񣬾󲿷ֶʺʧģһǸӸ߼
ͷĳԲݵ¹̧ͷҶĳ¹ĸӸ߼
޷жϡ
ģһġ
ܻǽˮľʵ
һЩȽ⡭
ԭôԣЧӦ
ȻЧӦֵȶȴܺʵʲЧ
ֻɺҲͰˣǡ
üͷ˼ͷˮľҲע⡣
ôʲôԣ
ǸһЩ顣
ˮľûж˵ҲҲûжʡ
֮ڵľҶӦ㹻ԱˣЩϼһҲˡ

ˮľһ㶣漴ȻҲȻ⡣
ǲǸ˵ҲһЩʱˣ

˵ҲЦǰˮľļ
ֹȻû˵һﻰ˵ˣҪˣ˼ݡϻˣ
ˮľҲĵЦЦ
Ҳ˻ǷŲ£ҲҪһ㣬üһʱ
Դ֪ǵϢ֮Ҳ˺þãһֱò⡣ǿʢûڵʱȻɵò;÷ˡˣΪ˲ߣ
Ѿˣ
ɣ̵˶ĵ;ܷܲβܡ

Ҳ̶ֳȵߣ־Ϊܹ֮򵥵˵ͺˣҲǴڵģԲˮľ
ҪģڻʱһЩ˽Ҫ
ˮľҡҡͷ
ִ֪ô
ʱٸ˵ɣ
˵ϣˮľ֪Ҳͼƻˡ
ʵ˵Ҳˣ㵽ﵽʲôĿģ
Ҳ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ӵı֪ģĵǾԲ;ģһʲôԭ򣡡
Ȱ׼ôã
һа취ģԣ
Ҳն˵š
˿϶ԣܹ漣ţ
ˮľεظһ¶ͷȻѪͷʲôסļһʹ轻ûôۡ
ˡֱԣҲˣҲò۳ɹ񶼲Ҫʧˣ˵˲Ӱ졣Ҳϣֿ൱󣬵Ҳվ˵һ룬ѡĻǲϣðյģ
뵱Ȼؽһжƺá
ΪһʧİţǲǱҪģȴûϸǹʵЩˡ
Ҳɣǰ˵ģҪһЩԼڵ飬ڵңܾÿ
ðɣˮľ˵ˡ
Ǻ͸ִ˶һ£пܵģƳٵβ׽֮󡣶һж̫ðʧˣҲòǱ̽鱨
һ£ʵڱܲҲҪ׼֮ǸطˮľԸȥ
֮У壬˵ʲôʱбץסˣ֮ҲˣܹӡռĽ粢ûУ


687 
пܵĻˮľϣܹסҲ
ǿսڵĴս֮ǰ˳ʵ̫ϧˡ
ֻǡӰս
ֻۡԼʮβ£ֻܹ֮Ч
ÿһģʽǿ߶
ɴ˸ź˴Ӱ죬Ѿ˲ôˡ
ϧҲҪһˡ
취ܾôѰ·
ˮľṩĹֻ۵ϸ鱨ҲȻûпܸɵţοҲƺûɱŵ˼
Ҳ־ûа취Ӯӵֻ۵ĳŵġ
Щȷʵò֡
ǲĸ𣬲֮һҲ϶ҲĵӵʹС
ˮľˣʱЩһжȷʵˮľƫԵ൱Ϊѡ
ҲʵȥһܹʤҲ
־˺Ҳܹ֮ʹõʵ̫ǿˣֻҪ˽ĵϸҲͲսܡ
ʵ̫鷳ˣʹʹ͵رǣҲܿҲޡ
ֻսԶԶ֮ͣˮľҲ֣ڵ˵ĴӪ֮Ҳһ䵽ô
ֻ۵ӵߣͲ³սȺŹսŵϣҲ
ô룬ˮľʱȥò֮ĳŲǺ⡣
ôңˣҲ̫С˰ɡ
˵ЦˣֻǾóɹϣ̫Сˣ
ȻܵɱΣô˵ĿǰļֵۺжǾ˼֮Ľͻıģ
ϣСҲпܵģҪȥԣ˵ˡ
Ҳͳһݸˮľ
㿴
ʲô
ˮľַ˿Ƭ֮ԭ̬Ⱦһɨա
ϱ
ôɣ
̫ˣ
ˮľЩҲĴֱʣⶫɲǼ򵥻ɫˮľûеõɷ׼֮ϾĶʺԼ
ǰѾˣʣĻĹؼ
ˮľԥһ£ǵͷ
ǰˮľһص̵ʱ򣬺Ҳй֮Եһνס
Ҳˮľȡһȫҩ˶ٲ֪Ӧûʣ²١
ͬʱҲˮľһΪ
ϱǾĺݡ
ʱˮľҲûж롣
ȻͿˣһֱû̫õ÷
䷢չ򣬵ΪҪע̫ˣҲûʱϸо
ȻûˮľæҲںˮľο
ʱҲ˵;ˮľ֪䲢򵥡
ڣҲˮľģǼʮԼͨٲοϱоľ
ϱһܿĸڡľҶƻУ̫ṩ˽ӡ˾޴ľβȻҵޡȡʤ
Ӻܵͣʵк֧ܶģȮڣ̷
Ȯڣıɱ˫ͷ˺ͷǣϱá
ûõֻҪԲ
ϱľܼ򵥣ǽʱ֮󷢻ӳơüǿ
ˮľҲоܿϧûǿ֮ͨս飬Ӳ
ںģʽ֮󣬽˸ӷ컯ķϱͱ׷ˡ
ˮľҲ΢һĻʹ컯ͨ޵֤β޻սԲô˳
ʵǱԲֻʱ䣬ˮľⷽ淢չһµġ
ϱֻߺ֮ͨ䣬ǻ֮ҲǿԵģͿ֮Ĭ̶ˡ
ˮľǰҲв١
¡ҽܹϱһӦãȻǵѪ޽磬϶ǲġ
֮⣬һֱҽҪöϱսʽǾ־˺Ҳʹģʽ˵ĳǿս̬
Ȼʵе󣬵ܹں鱨˲Ļ£ΧŹɵһһʬ塣
ҪԼִȥ̽ʵĻӦÿ˳ߡ
ǰˮľûвοҲԼǸ汾ʼоʵ̫˷ʱˣġ
ֳɵģˡ
ƲЭͬսģ̽м˱ȵˮľ
ŵˮľĦһоķƤ


688 Ӧ
ôãһ⡣
ԭˮľԼѾôС˵ϵó
²ȫӳϱֻģʽļںϣѾ㹻ǿˡ
ܹͬʱʹ߿ɷĻ˲ɱ
ıˣ֪Ҫʲô
㰡ʱ̫һˣ
Ҳ̾һ
㣬ҲûѧˣҲûʲôã
Ȼô˵ҲҪģʽܷõټ㹻ǿʩչϱĶ󣬳Ҳ໥εľɽ󡣬ʹҲˮľˡ
ˮľ˶ݵˣҪرΪѣҲԳϵսģʽûˮľ˵ĵء
ԻݺΪҪսʽķټľɽǵİͲҪˡ
ҲʮĻۣҪڵ·ϵǡǡˮľ˵ġ
ҪһⲻǺôûΪ㡣
ҲЦЦ
ʵǹⲻȥе飬㣡
˵
ˣ㼸νӴβķӡˣӦҲ쳣
ָǡ
ֲ
ҲЩǡ
ҵķӡˮƽȻܹ̽鵽һЩ⣬֪ԵɣĻҪӹע
ô
ˮľͷ
ʵһͷҵõľβϮϢӦòǻ£˵ĸĸµĺֲ֣º͡
ǾͺãԴӽҿ˲ְԷӡ֮̽ΣҲйƵĲ²⣬Щ׼ҲͬĿӦòˣǡ
ҲϵƸŨˡ
Щ£̫ᣬ̫ܲҺܿ϶ڵľβе㲻

ˮľһ㶣û뵽ҲȻˡ
˵ǾβϢҪ˲٣ԭһΪΪĹԵʣɵǣһֱûлָӡеĸ߶ȣ
βˣ
ǵģ
Ҳͷ
£޷ҵκͷʮǰĵ˶ѾˣĴΡͷӣ֪Ļ
ƲĹؼʬ⾡ĿǰƿľˮľҲӸ֪ϢҲ¡
˼ˡ
Ƕ㲻ˣķչҪи˽⣬ﱻӡ꣬һҪʹãǻ罫Լ
ڷգԺ˵ûüͷʱ
濴ҡҴӦˣ
˳ˮ۶ѣҪ۾õôˮľԼĲ¡
ĿǰƽĽȻеʱ޷豣ֻ֤ܾΪ
仰㹻ˣӰĽҪ㣬Ҳ̫ˣ
ˮľľᡣ
ˣ˾ͽҰɣ
ʧȥβޣôס
Ҳ֮ǰãȻ޴룬̴βܽˮľ͸ôģ
Ҳǲİ
ˮľЦ
ʵô˵ҲҪˣֱΪľҶ֮
˵ģҲвôΪСӣ龫ǣҲΪĵӶ̼·
Ľֵʢĵһ˿ɢɢҲˣԶһֻȵĴ֩СŮ
Ů֪ӭӸˡ
ҲƳһۡ
Ҳˣ겻Ůô飡
ˣ
ˮľӻ֣Сҵķ˹ȥ
ʬ⾡Ҫӿٶˡ
һξҪûϰֻͨӡͨоһʧ׼ȵҪʱֱʹá
˾ƽĽ˷ָȫûдУŰͨͨԼоʱ򣬾͸ץϹˡ
ڹؼĺĶڣֻҪ򲻳Ͳ⡣

ľ缱ǵȥˮ֮ľҶĵصĻظ
ٴˮľͷϡ
־ûɫԽԽѿˣһҲһഺڵСŮ
ˮľΪ˭ģҪвһڷܣҾʣ²ݼٵʱˡ
ԽԽҲǸ㱦Ķᣬҿรͣ
Ϊ飬ȻΪ˾ǣȻҪ
ˮľڵع֮ľǴ˵һ鱨
ΪˮӰڤ϶ǲ뿪塣
Ҫսࡢʮɺͽİһ׽βĳԱˮľĿɿڴ
βߣڤˡǳ׼ľҶӲܡ϶˰æǲ׼Ǯ˰ɡ


689 ׳н
ڤ뷨ʱö֪׵ؽų֪ߵʵ޿֡
Ըβޣɾ޴սСˡ
ǲôǿβ䣬Ҳһʱܹ׽ģôȥ϶ע⡣
̺ͷĲӣܹ˳β壿
ˮľεҡҡͷ
βޣҲöԸ
ڤ֮⣬ûܹһĴ񣬲òβҲ޿ɺǣԤϣҪˮĻֳɵֻβ޶ǾѵĿꡣ
ʵʵľҶһǮƾ͹ˡ
ڤϾˮӰվĽǶȿ⣬ˮľ֯ñʲôǲһġ
Ѿݶ壬ʱƣ϶գٴȵĳ档
Ǯβ䣬֧Ųȥ͵òʧˡ
˲ĵ˼ά
Ҳ֪ľʲôʱôΪʵЩ
鱨ľҶӿҲϿѡ
Ҳ巢һЩҲ֪ıʡ
Ϊûо鱨ˮľҲù²⣬ֻܵľһϢˡ
β߲벶׽β鲻ܱ⣬ôľҶͱж
ôҪ־ˣӵа鱨ԴĻӰֻܿ²ˮľҪ׵ö࣬Ͼе飬Ѿĺܴı仯
˴ϵİգϸ⣬ˮľѾȫ޷ǰһ̤׼࣬ȡõĽˡ
ʱЩ£ˮľòľֵϣԼӿԱƵʣսԱҲԽԽսʱá
ЩȻ飬ˮľڴǹ־ŲصϢ
һʵ˲˼飬ٲľҶҲû˵֯ʲô̫ж
һˮľΪ˸˳ˮ۵ĻᣬŲصӰˮľһô׾ͽʧܵˡ
ΪҲˣϢô
ֿǴڵģԭʲôˮľҲ޷׼ȷжϣˮľУܹŲؼģŮȡɽз硢Ҳźܹ˷ˣȻΪס
ϸд۵ĽϣܴˮľҲ޷ȫ϶᲻õͲдۡ
ˮľѾܾûᵽãȻˡ
չˮľԤƵĴ̽սܻǰ󾢲ġܹ֯ڳױ֮ǰռ㹻βޣǼ˲ҲԽļҡ

ˮľ˼ʱ򣬰֪ͨˮľǰȥᣬܹˮľȥģҲֻβˡ
ȻˮľϵʱѾ˵ˡ
˵ˣ
鱨ַȥ
ȿ
鱨õ֣ˮľ·˷
ݲϣľϸ̸˵
廹⽻
ˮľһۣ겻ѡ
ÿ̴徭ǳĴ֮ܿٻָġ
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692 
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Ѿ׷ȴԮɡʱҪβ˲濹ʵȻٺľҶһôã
˵ʵҲԮߵսԻβ䣬ôӡԼ壬ɲһ׵¡
ͷȻڰ۵Ĺ۲֮£ֻҪǻӵùԼĹ۲죬һǺ£˰࣬нˣĸҲ׷ѡ

ȻѾڹؼʱˣ»ǳٳûпʼҩʦѾнŲóڻҶ˹ΨһĿģǷɢһ¸ľҶߵע
ЩֶΪľٶûʲôرĺ壬ֻһң˲²͸Ŀƶѡ
ʵҩʦ̵ģֻЩͬռĻתŶѡ
İҲע⵽ĸ߿գһֻɫľ߷ɣ·ȥͲע⵽޷Сڵ㡣
д۵Զۣ£·Ķǿġ
һԱѾˣ˰ɣ
վھ񱳺ҩʦһЦվŵĵϴ޶ҩʦڸϵ顣
еȲأ
õ˳ǿ֮󣬶ȻʴȻеҲǿ߶ڹʲô⡣
ԽǽӴȻԽܹףڤڤ˵ԼϵС
һǷģ˵ĲһšϲʲôţҲǷһѡ
߲ڴӰеıҲԼһѡ
Ϊ׼ڵ̨ҩʦѾ׼˺þãһδ֪ս˷ԼԽԽ಻סĵ׵ļ
ɣѾȲˡ
ӵǿʵÿ˶ܹΥȶ˵ĴֻȻĸãҩʦҲԿֳ嶯
֮ǰѾ̽鵽ǲڵĵ߰߸ҩʦѾʮڴٴλˡ
֪ľҶЩˣҪһ˵ʱҩʦͽжһѵõ֤ᡣ
ǸԼ𺳵ߣ޷ǿ󣬺εþԵԼ
Դ˳ӣǸ˸ͲҪԼֶ޼ɵñ˷ԼԸ
ǲԷˡһй˼ɶӵǿȻһ㣬֤һ£Ҳǲֵһϡ
Ҳ߱ɴ踴ЩҪȻľһҪԼ淽ʽ塣


696 ƫ
ߵĽų̣ȫ·ĻֻҪһʱ㹻ˡ
Ϊ¹ش󣬿ŵ߰໨죬ŸϵڵӪء
΢飬ʲô鷳Ϊά״̬ʱ̿Կʼս˵ͻȻϮ
Գɰ˹ĵʮ࣬ȵ߰໹ҪΪжҲ΢һСӣҲΪ˹ˡ
ΧĿᣡ
Գɰ˹ЩرԹȻǶľҶİſߣǶԸĪЩɵ
ԽǿߣֱԽ񣬵УŰϢ벻ע⵽ѡ
βѾܽˣġ
ľνʼ硣
Լѧ˾Ǿββй¶ʱֲĲԼѾüˡ
ֱһֻҰβޣҲǾΥ顣
ʮǰ
˵İ˹Ȼס죬Ƴһ۲ԶˣƺҲʶԼʧˡ
ھβǰ̸۾βϮ壬ô붼ʡ
ǸʱֻԶԶؿǰƴҪǳˡ
ֻҪ̫ľҶߣ϶ǵǸѪɫľҶɱ¾ҹ
Ҳ̫ģβǾβҪ٣һ׼֡
βϮӡ̣Ϊսĵصڴ˯оͱβ˺Ƭ
ҪĴĿӰˮʱռתսľҶҪصöࡣ
ңҪעĵˣӡβȻóǿɲⷽרң
˵꣬Ͱ˹һЦ
ľҶĿǰβΪϤģˮľˡ
ξĿӰԼӣľҶӡĴо
ֻβĻͷ˻ľҶϵӵѹԵơ
鷳Ǵ֯͡
Ȼ֪㲻ʽսҲһεԷʵĺûᡣ
βްڶϵ룬ʵҲǸ뷨ĸһȻĬ;Բɡ
ֻǣǲ̫ðˣ
Գɰ˹껹е벻ͨ
ϸ˵ֻβˣβ;βټβܹžֻβޣռ֮һ
ԣ֯Բ᲻
Դ̽鵽֯ĴԼǵĿ֮Ϊһ죬ľҶ岻֪׼˶ãвһԤսԶľҶĵطȻûƣҲܼСӵʧ
Լĵϴ֣ʵڲһ⡣
ΪɫӦǲʲôˣӡβʱɾҰӣʩչķ׽
ѣҵĸʵѡףĸ˶ӵһķӡҲ൱ߣֻҪһ㣬Ӧòʲô⡣
֮£ЭߵֻǱӡСӶѡ
ңһ뵽ľҶɳ֣㹻һСΧսˣ΢һˣһεжġ
˵ˮľˡ˾òô׵ĻˡҲĻع飬ľҶη塣
ֻľΪԭ򣬶ֻ֪һ㣬ľҶߡԳɰ˹ڣĲʮ

ľҶ̵ذΧУĪӰӵ䡣
öˣһֶˮĵطеţ
«έҶƬס׵ߵ߱Թš
׾֮Ҫеĵطܿٵҿе׵ĺ棬Щ㡣
ӣְﲻʲôæˣ
ԭͲҪսֻҪˡ
ǲЩΪȻ
ֻβޣǴֱʣ
ǲһԵ£ԭ͵͵ץָֻһħʵеһ㡭
ϵһսթʲôģһֱҪ̯ˡ
鱨ʧ̫أԷ֣û취βֻ֣ƿһֻβޣͻѶԸˡ
˳ʵƵá֯뵱ѡ
ǵþϵʱôǲ
̽糣սľڵϣ֯˼ҲǶ֣ǰԱսУΨһϣǹֻ֮ۡ
ƻƫ̫ˣҲ֪һνô
ʧҲ޷ֻҪֻۻߣܹٴ
ڣֻ̽һֻۣǹؼ
Ȼˣǲ͸ʵûбҪΪʲô㻹ҪԭҲû㣬ҪԼһ򾡵ġ
̽һ¶ѣǲֵֵá


697 
ķ󲢲ʲô̫ǿ
Ч̫ĺܴ󣬶ʹߵҪҲͣԲǺܳá
ص㣬÷Χܹ㣬̽ͷӡʽܣǾ󲿷ַӡͽûеġ
ܹץβ޵ô붼Ǽ򵥻ɫ
ʵϲûͬȹԲٿأһͨӡ̣żƵ̶ʹá
ȫҪĸ̡ҲҪľӢʹá
ڸ߼ĳҪĸӰܷ
ԭ򣬻ķʹ߲ͿϵҪ˲ֹһ
ˮľȫʵķĻѶȣҪࡣ
̽ΪΪѣЩ˻뵽һЩͨķ֮ʵҪ̫ˡ
ΪӰĲ֪ͬ͵ϣȴܹɷ֮󣬼˵ʵԶռ䴫͡
ķҲˡ
˵˲ֵһᣬ÷ӡͶȡɵķӡ
ķʵͱʩչȻתдӡļӡʵľ档
£ֻҪһķ˾ȫӡͽ磬ֻҪշԸٿزˡ
ˣΪ˼ʹߵѹҲܵӦ֣طôʹ棬ķȴ˴Ĳ
ôʵ㸴ӵĽĸֹܣ
һ㣬Ǹ֡ˮľǾ£Ψһ鷳Ҫ㹻Ĳۡ
ˣ³˲ʹõ֧ţҲɸԶ봫֧Ԯ
ˮľ;һˣΪ׼ȷʵе˷ʱ䡣
֮ˮľŵڰ˰ؿѧȺ·ͨҽߡڣǰ
˸֮ľҶĵŮӣȻûκţˮľҲЩ⡣
ƽʱΪ˵͵ҲڵŮߣ˵Ӧòȱ׷߲Ŷԣϴ춹ԸļһﶼʱʱвĽӽԸ͵ľȴһֱʵ벻ͨ
ȻǴһ㡢ˮľҪ곤꣬òԵʮᣬһټˬĶ̷ʹ˵ӡҪʵʵ᲻١
ΪһŮߣʵҲ޿ޣĿӰֵĵӣҽƲʵʵ쵼ߣսҽ͡
Ψһ˼ɵģܾǾսķչ򣬾Ȼö
Ҳǲ⣬һõҽߣ˻ⶾȻҲһöֻ֣Ǿʹöҩɫˡ
һҽҪսȻػ뵽öҲ޿ɺǣӦҲΪ䵥ԭ
ΨһܵɣܾǱֻĳӰˡ
Сļһʵ⣬ܶ᲻Ծ²̫ġ
Щ棬ˮľҲùܱ˵˽£֮һ˾Ͱȫص׼õľҶӪء

ˮľϸ֪Χ޵Ľ壬εҡҡͷ
ɣټˣ
Ͼһսһطûʲô壬ʱ赲˳ֵǱ롣
˵ûôģڳ˶ѡ
ˣЩҪ
սĽȻʱ뿪֮١
ðɣ
ľͷ
ݰţΧпҪβĺˮľֱβǾ˾ľҶеĸˡ
β߹ˮľ䣬ǲһľָӡ
Լ֮жҪʼˡ
ˮľôһƬ׼ô죿
ľЩǡ
ִҳɣΧпΧŵβõķûʲôԽĺϣʵûٰ취ҹˮľָӵ߼٣ܽôտĿռչ˵ù
ˮľ΢΢һЦ
İɣﲻǴ󺣣ǲ½Ҳҵ
Ȼˮľֵǻݺ۶ݣǲˮս
ͬĻȻвͬս
ˮľӳһ͸Ķ֮ת۾ʧ
Ǹˮֳ

СһսֵһᣬΨһŵǲױɱˮľҪõģҲôһѡ
⣬ʱ䣬ˮľ˶ˮĸΪˮͨޣʵ޷㡣
ڵУԵˮ£һ͸СһˮľĲ£һͿʼУˮľ֪Ũ档
ԭˣһ˾ƶսݣ


698 Ĭ
ǰ̿ԣˮľѧŮ־˾ͱݹһͨĻ沼ƶ׳٣շ磬ҽʱ仯롢仯˵ĽǱܡ
ΪʦˮľôܲЩһʼЩսˮͨޣ˿޽òŻǮܹռ伯־Լ֮⣬Ҳһһܹϴó뷨
ڣЩ嶯ٴδֵʱˡ

ǲ͸޵Ѿһʱˡ
Ȼܶ޷ɢȥɱ⣬ս˵̶ֳȵĳҲ˲һΡ
ǲ뻯дۻİûκܹ˵֡
Ҳиޣˣȴһùʶĸ硣
ǼˣѾϢǰˡ
ǲޱ˵Ȼʵ
ƾˣҪ͵ΪУҲǲУֻʤ㲻Ǻܴ󣬶һҪץβޣɹĻ͸Сˡ
ôҵ޼·ɣ
ʲô壬ֻҪõ޼޲ǰֻбƻ³
ȵȣ
ǲֹ˴ĸޡ
ֻԶͻȻһ궯˹
˵ǻԮô
ǲҡҡͷ
Ӧòǵˡ
ӺɱƺһȺʿڳߡ
Ǿͺã
ôҲǽ˵ӣΪֹһ߶ûб֣Ǳ߾ͷˣڸԼǲ
߰ɣ˭ܹ˱˵ĺ⡣
Ŷ߳©Ļᣬٴػǰ˺ĵش
ǣ˿ľҶǲ˳۰
˷ֱľҶ̺̣ΪУҲȻ
ͻƵһ֮󣬸޲ˮϵһ¡
˵ǸĵطǶ˵Щ
ԽǽӽβԽŨ
Ҫ⣬ǰǸϽ磡
ǲ̧ͷ˿գȴһˮΧڱγɻɵһƬ
ϤĲζ
޸Ц
ҵ޼찴Ѳסˡ
εĽ֣ûмס˵ĲǾ̫ˡ
Ϥζô
ǲתͷһ򣬲ҲֻһƬŨ
ʲô
һЩˣ
ǲĮȻش
ץβɣ
ʱŨһĲƿնֱ˸޵š
Σʱ̣޽޼ǰĽס壬Ŵ˴ˮϻкʮס
޼һ䶯˵ĹҲΪС
ʲôˣ
ش޵ɫӰϮ̾߰
ܵȭԿƵ͵ϮҲܴӦԣȻ˲õĸ֣ޣּˡ
һһСŨüֳӰ߳ģƴκ졣
ͬʱǲҲصչˣԳɰ˹˫ֽз࣬еŻδϨֱ̣Ǵߵ̰ӳ
ǾΥװǲȻˡ
˹ǰԵĻǲ㽻ֵġ
˵꣬ɺд˼Ũ
Ҳаô
ǵľأɡ
δ䣬Զһҫ۵Ĺâ֣ںɨǲ͸޵ڵء
βڣҩʦʹˣ
ˡ̴֯壬ڻβģҲֻдһˡ
ܹôõģҲֻǡ
ĺô
ӶΪǲ͸޽ΧӦǴǿ⣬ֻôͳ֡¶ôƣʵЩ²͸˵뷨
βȻܿ£ˮľҲô״Ƶġ
УƫĽҩʦĸ֪̫׼ȷټϽ赲˲١
ĴըȻǲ͸޳û˰Χ
Ҫȥæô
һԴʵ
ˮľҡҡͷ
ʱãĵҪԸ
ҩʦǱߣʱľ
ӵд۵ǲƻղĸޣýеѡ
ľҶСӺҲȽϳ
ʱʹķץסβķͻȻһ󲨶
βˣôܣѾˡ
ˮľεش
Ӧøɣ޼βûзӦţ
ΪβСܣղ䴫ݸβΪʳ޼㱻̵ʹãҲı䲻ıʡ
־ô鷳£ˮľҲЩԽ


699 ƽ
ˮľڷôǲ͸޴򽻵ʱľҲΪѵľء
һǧٿףͨڵֵ֮Ϯʱ˵ںսĶԽԽˡ
ˣ
ľ׼βϮķǰѧ
ﶼעĸӣǾû壬ȥĻ־
ף
˵ͷ
ûбǿжݸڴˣսβڣǿĲ˶ܹ뷨
˵ӷǵ⣬ʵĸСһϲͷ
ղһ£СӣǱûɣ
Щػͷȴʲô
Լ£ˣǱߵ׼֣ܳô򵥾ͱġ
һβھͿԽľҶľҲ̫͹̽ǿߵˡ
ȻǲҪ嶯Ҫ£ʲôˣҪʱμǣսţܻܿ塣
Ըѵˣ˵ģ֮еǲĻܱܲ侲˵ֻϣڵɳ֮㹻Űɡ
ûã˾Ŀĵأ
ôʲôûУ
УȻŲķӦӰѾˡ
ô
֪УûκƶӦڸ
ȵȣˣ
ľ˻¶ɺдۣǲҲҴ⣬˫֮ͫеöתϵظ֪ΧĶ
һɫϬƤԺڵĳӴ˳
ϢؿֻһӿĲʾ˲޺
ʲôˡԣ˺󣡡
һͲǻˣտʼã߽֮ŷֵ֣ӰǰתĳĿӰǧͶĿӰǧ˵ĸоࡣ
תǴ軹ҩʦ
ûлشܿʼӿɫβ޲
ǰܹβͻתȻǺŵļ
̽ǰûгֹûֶΣʵǳľ
ʦ˾ǸղŴ¹ˣ
Ӧˣ
ͷȷϡ
ˮľСӣҲڣ鷳ˣ
Ͳ֮ļһӲƴʵڲ֮١
Ƭ̣ǰİͱһųɫβ޲İβ
ǰİβҸô죡
̴ѡǾܣǰΰβΪڵ̽սʱ¶棬Կеӡ󣬵εİβ˭û֪ˡ
ûв´һǰβȣĿӰֶӣĴĿӰ֣ҸմѧУҵûã˾Ϊβޱˣû뵽ҲɻתĶ󣡡
ǰһ˾ܹβ޲ʵβ޻ҲͲˡ
βĻ壬ʱľϣˮľĻûˡ
ˣʵУĪٴγ֣һĿӳ֡ĿӰ
¿ˣһ˾ǿУ
һ񣬿ʱҪˡ
֮֮ĴŶѪ޽磬붼ȴ
ϧûа취ŤͷߣǿţҲҪΪȡʱ䡣
ͻȻϷһŵһԵæ䡣
ҪԮˡ
û
ϤӰߡ
ƺҪˣǾˡ
Ѿժ˶ߣԴ͵ڵ߰ΪЭѾһʱˡ
һɫгɫ΢߿˿ĵˡ
岻ڣӡ˶ڶԸβǱѹܴʱ
Ϊ޼β궯ڷӡβϲòѸľСӣһӡĺֶ鲻
ѣˮľΪ½ʵŴǰ֧Ԯ
֮Щ鷳ľݺͷӡҲԵķ
۸ˣǲ̫ƽˣ
ŨбϷһֻ֣ŹЦݵҩʦӦ˵ĵϴվھϡ
ڣĸˣȻ˶࣬ȻƵģռһ˵Ҳ޷
Ҫһսˡ
ҩʦʵδ֪ϴȻҲתôˡ
ǰսһ棬һĻԵϴ弸޵Ĳըʵ޷ƣ


700 
ΨһĺϢǣﵽǺ޵УܹΪĵطǺܶࡣ
ӵдʹݵܵơ
ٺĵβܵӰСܶࡣ
鷳Ȼռƣ֣ôǿ
ϸ˵ûʲôơ
ľݡɭ֮
֪Щ̫أֱʹ˸ıڱߵ
Ƭľƾճ֣򲼬ȥľݵдջأβ޲ĿǿǶԸʱ൱Ч
ľĲȣƶʱΪ֮һ͡
ˣɵŸ
Ŷţ
ʶԼҪһν̸֮˷ӦŻ԰Էӡѹƣβӿһβ͡βͳ֣βԥİ죬ûгΡ
ˣ
ͷһԵ˵
㿴ǱǸһע⣬ǱΪǿӰļһǧҪɰˡ
ʲô㣿
صʵ
㣿
¶һѧĵЦݡ
̫Ѫ޽ߣһͬ㣬Ӧ⡣ٶɧţβҪ֣򣬾ϲ֧Ԯˡ
ͷʾףϵӡʼ궯аӡ˲ӡĺɫĲȫͷøӳֳǦɫаȵݳʹɰɢĿӰصľݹһ壬ʱûбͻƷ
һ׹˸ĳмĹӨ͸ˮë״Ľų𶯣ĵܱ
׹⽣е
ֲûо̿Ķôֻܽڷ˵컯ȫգ
ȥɣӰжôǿȻǰ٣ҲԶͨҪǿˣ
ʵѹƻʵƾͻ⣬һѵ⣬˽תϸڵˮľȻ᲻
Դˮľӡ֮󣬶ûʲôȫԸǺľҲòѹֻԵġʺд
׹ӰųĲӰҲβ޲ֺͲȽŹ֮սľ߿ա
ˡ
ед۶еʱ׼ų֡
ôõĲҪã
һʱ䣬һͺˣ
Ǿ˵п
½̧׶ݵһƬ˫֣ը˲Ƶ
Ц˵
ղѾ͵͵űˡ
ðɣ֧һᣬҵ̫á
˷ֱʱ䣬һ԰æһʱӦò£ؼҩʦ͵ϴƿʵ̫ˣ뽫ȫ
ӡ컯ע룬͸½鱳
ˣһҪһ¡
֮ǰ½ͷʵ
Ͳдۣõ𣿡
ʵսǵһΣ

½һ
Ȼ׼һ㣬˶ѣ
˵꣬һȣӰͻһϴҩʦ
ҪץˣҪٶȿ죬Ҫ׼ΪѰ
ˮľıȻôżֻһĻʤͱȽˡ
ǿоǲģգٶȺԶҩʦŵϴٿҪöࡣ

ľ鷳ʱˮľҲûжɡ
һ뵽ǲ͸߸˭Ҳеѹ޴
ؿԳɰ˹̵꣬ԮǷ֮Ҳսĸ֡
ˣȻûȫסˡ
ǲܺûãûбҪǲã
ǰߣǲʵԶԤƣǺߵĻͲͬˡ
ҲΪǲѾֲסˣ㹻ãԸ˷ͫ
Ҫһô
ˮľҲЩԥû黹תء
Ǵ軹ǲľҶҲĿ꣬ˮľҪģֻǲ˳ؿͲдۡ
ûɱǲܹͲдô
˵
ʱˮ߮ĺ鱨
޴ˮˣĻ鷳ʦԼ
Ұɣ
еĽ֣صػش
뿪һ£ȥȥͻءǱҪ֧Ԯʱҵķӹܣ
ľҶڳֻ̣ʣ°Ҷɽˣԭһţֻǰ߳Խˮľ˹ȥ
ȷʵбҪǲú̸̸ˡ


701 ʱ
Ũ֮Уǲ͸ʧɢˡ
һʱǿ󣬷ֿҲδؾͺöԸ
޺޼֮Ǳˮ£ڲ֮ˣܽƵԾ
ǲ͸νˣ²Ͳдۣ䱾ĻҲһܹġ
Ψһ˰ĵǣǲʮóˮݵߣ෴ݵõúֻܲУҲơ
Գɰ˹긺оѹƣҲΨһҪעľҪֹͲд۵Ĺ¶գһУҲɥʧս
Ա߻оͨˮݺ׶ݵ尵æǿܹǲס
߲ѵУû˷֣Ѿ˲Сı仯
սλԶˮϣ۵һӰڵ׺Ƶ۲ûסݣһ˫ɺдϸ۲ΧĶӰ֮ѿǵǲ
ͻȻƶӰһ٣üͷ߹Ӱ
ּˣһδ򽻵˰ɣ
һΡҲΨһһνףǰ̿ԣ֮֮ҲֻǸʱڵж״̬û
û뵽ôͼˡ
ڶԷõУҪʵ̫ˣκβӳӲˮľĸ֪
治ǲţʱյò
ڳĻӰѲףȻѷֱ汾Ӱܹ뿪ĲӦ
ԭǸǱˮ̫֮ս̲ļһֳˮͨ޻ֻλ̫ˮľȥ֧Ԯû뵽Ƭ̵ı仯ǲѡ
ҽ鱨Ĳ㡭
Ҳأ
ˮľЦһ
ҲȷʵҿţҲʲôҪϢҪľҶ
ԣľҶѾҪˣ
Ȼô˵епᣬľҶѾûбҪðĪΣգȡֵ鱨ˡҲףһսʲôƶѾ̫ˣʣ˾ʵıƴ
֪ҿ϶޷ͷˣЩ±Ҫ
ֻ˵ǲܽȥ̽ûһĴ֮
ʲôɣͬһ̣Ͳκ֯ҲֻСֶ֯ĮĵġͽŻ᲻ǲʵĹȥ
Բ֪ܵ㣬޷̫࡭
֪
ˮľЦһ
ǳԽеķţֻ࣬ǶԵô
ţ
ǲɫһЩϡ
Ҽǵõû㡭ˣЩ޹ؽҪҪ˽⣬һǺͬ
ô룬ҲӰ첻ľɣ
ǼˣôΪ˵ļ仰͸ı⣿
ȻˣҲͲд۵ȻҪˣɥʧ̫սɣ
Ҳ֪
Ѫ޽Խǿ󡢵Ѫ̲ķվԽʲôֵģ
ˮľ˫ֽӡȵҽӽ¿ʼӡȫ
ʼɣٲ֣ӰҪ군˹Ҫ׷ˡ
öҵˮľǲķ˹ȥ
ˮľһԲϾͶ֣ǲҲûгɣӿһɫľ޴ֱͻȻ֣ҵһһ䣬ΪƽµǲͻȻһͣմȾҽֱۣʼð̣ԭʵܺ˱ʴļ
ǿѪ޽ǰȣǿ˺ܶࡣ
ڵˮľûʹƾ۶ݾͺˣ۶ݲģʽҪһѵ顣
ԭˮľûʹȫԼҲǿӦһµĽԼͫǲʱԼĴ
Ȼû˵ˮľ̬ȺˣûбֳʲôֵĻˮľ׼ɱԼˡ
ԭֻǰܺѸٰθΣһ׵ľ޴ʿĪѹʱΧսΪ֮һ
ܺͲд۵ǲǿˡ
޵ĺɫˣûȫ赲ƣͶ֮ļ¡
Ҳˡ
֮䣬ģʽѸȻӿڣβʼѸͣںˮľ۶ݲ֮һҵľ޳ǲǰ
֪֯ûҵβӰ׼㰡
㻹ʱĥ
ˮľɲ飬ȻĬشһǲҪ̫ʧĻ˵ĺá
ܺһֻҾ޹ֱһҽȻͱѸٽ˵ڵأʴǿ۶ѸմȾܺȫ


702 ת
֮һЩѹ׵ĵƣ˭࣬͸ƣһ˵͵ĴСʵֱ۵ı֡
ˮľǲ˶ûȫֻڵĳ̶ȣˮľҪռϷ硣
ûʹͲдͫǲۺʵϣǲˮľһܺҲûʹõȫ壬ʮȭͰ뾵ûӰ
ʣôһˣǾȥɣ
ܺذסҾ޹֣ſľ棬ɫͺɫβ޲һϣһöβۿҪͣôĹ޷赲ĻҲҪѲƤˡ
ۼ߷ʱһڵˮľݵҾ޹ֵǰȼ𣬾ҵʹת۾ʹˮľԺ
գѡ˸ʱ򣡡
ˮľգܹƽķ̫ˣˮľƾһַӡа޹
ķҲв٣Ȼܱ֤ˣӦò⡣
ô
̫˰
ѾǵᵽյʹˣǰζʵؿǱ壬ûκλ壬ֱˮľ۵һ˲ʧȥ˶Ŀơ
ҵԸңϧܾҲҪʡݣ
ոճ͡׼βʧȥˮľĿ֮󣬾ôҵرըһĿŨҵĳЮž˷ӿ
׵еˮľҾ޹֣մȾպףȻ󱻽ߵıը˲ը飬ˮľĿȻڵֵˣ˦汻ϮҲ㣬ˮľѸյ֣ԶԶرܿ
պɢɢĺɫ棬˳źӣһƬĳֵơ
Сǲܺó˺ӵףȻҲû¶档
ˮľȻþɵǲһܾܿôˡ
Ը뿪ҲҴ򣬻ǹִҲ֪Ժûлúôһ
ȻˣˮľҲˣȼյպףˮľòɳʵĻͲܴˡ
룬ˮľ֮ٴƿȫ֡
ô
ղŸ𾯽İҶɽǰˮľûܵصƣҲͷˡ
ǲˣӦòٴβˣܿתĿꡣ
ǲǾβ
Ŀǰ鱨ǲ͸ڡ֯ҪǸץβҲųǶĿ꣬Ͼ̫ˡ
ʱｻľУһȥ֧Ԯ
ǰһΧĸޣȻʱ޷ץˮսȷʵҲм޵ģͶԽԽ࣬罫Ƴ
ܹʱɵȻãеĻҲҪ֤βӡҪ⡣
ĵˣǸޣҲǲҩʦҲֻǽֵģΨһ˼ɵģǲͳš
޴ڵʱռǿֻۡ
һˮľûа취ʹɷ۶ݡǧĻѾҪһɵˣ鷳ûʵĶϡ
εս϶ϴӪβ֮ܽѾһ̶ҲֲЩ㡣
⣬λиǿİڰ
ҲѾȲ˰ɣ
˺õĻᣬˮľͲظӶڸֺôŵģˮľͲ֪ˡ
ʵҲûбҪ֪սǧ򻯣ٵͷҲֻӦ䡣

ˮľʵ½飬Ѿҩʦ˺üغˡ
ˮľԴ̫սԸӰĸ֣ҩʦ״̬ġ
һľ״̬Щ⣬ˮľ汾ģʽûκۻ´趼
״̬ҩʦһĶãͬʱƺüս޳ͣˮľ÷֮˾ܡ
½ɧ֮£ҩʦʹãҶսĿҲЩ⣬ȻռϷ磬ȥ϶Ǻ¡
ȻˣǾһЩǳֶΰɣ
Ȼǲ֮ȻòһС
Ϊ˲̫죬ҲǺΪѵģ
ֻ۴ƻɱ¾ĻֱõϴΧͶˡ
ڵĿǻ׽ǲͲôˡ
һȺ˫Ʊǵ౬ըʱ·Ȼսͣһ£ľҶһ׷׶ܣɰ֮βȻûֹͣ
Ҳܸ޲ıըǴҵƵֶΣӡˮľϺԼʱ̫ʧء


703 
ըɵֱ˺ͨͻƲβµı汬ըܹشĿԺС
ľǲٶȡԶܸߣصľݱʲô⡣
ȻȺˡҲңз˺
ȵԺãĿӰͲˣȻǲĻ壬ķȻ
ûκηֻǲɰȻرըƬʱҲɥʧս
ƮɢмڲϾ£ƹ˶ãͻָ
ôƬ̵ĹҲ㹻ҩʦ΢һˡ
Ȼϡ׼ȷ˵ӦڿõսϲǺܴ󣬵ʵϣҩʦһڵľҶߡ
Ȼеˣ֮ҲҪ̣Ҳ͹ֲˣ
ûȻҲͲĸЩֻǱͨٻ̽ݵĿܡ
ӡΪУʱǰսǶĿӰǧ俪ôӰЩơ
ҲǱȻģһСǧĳЩĳԡ
ȻҩʦսʵδܹԸ
ըûв̫õЧ߱ڱΣóȻжΪ©
ҩʦҪʱ·ıը֮УһӰͻȻ˸׹γܵı㣬ӭµըֻҪһ׶ݵ绡Ҳ޷ˣҩʦĲǰըǵĹҲ޷׶׵ķ
ϴνıըʵǻԲȻ׶ݿƵüΪ
ҩʦûüıսʱٶȲˮľٵǲѾӽ˵ϴƵ
һԳ򣬲ֻǼӿƶٶȣĿԷеô
һʼֻˮľʵ½ɵϺҩʦǲûбֳܹٷвսҩʦжʧ
â׹⽣ֱжĲӣһƬҲֽޱĵϴгΡ
ȥƲӹҩʦ࣬շתŲ֮Ͷ˻ŵĲ
˹Ŀ࿴
гεĵϴȻûа취ѾƵУ׶ŰԱ
ƿصҩʦҲֻŵϴĲ֫ϵ
ŵδȵĻᣬ׼õľڳˣͲд۳ͣ糵״תĿ֮ռ俪ʼңԾ۽Ϊģתʱղʼӣ׵ҩʦֱӱ飬Ҳ˺һƬϴΪǹĿ꣬Ƭұ
ʯ֮䣬ͷ˳׵ķת
ʬƬͲ֮֫һеľתͷڻָĵϴ
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½ȲǰҪץסϴȴȻĲʹβ޲ֱˡ
ˣڸʲôҪ񣡡
Щźǣս飬ʵָղж
ڣǲıֱõö࣬İģвٳġ
ȻȻܻĵϴԼİ£֮Ͼͻָж
ЩȻڹѵû
ˮľ
תٻߣʩҲңҩʦҲû
ղûʹΪǱô
ҩʦʵͽ̶Զ󣬵ĿǰΪֹ̽ľҶ˵ս
߲ѣոٻҪҲǲܡ
ϧҩʦı治Ԥơ
Ȼϴвʧˣôõ˳һɣβ޻״̬ĲһʱԻڻָеĿӰɾûôˡ
ԳȶٶȽӽڶԷӦ֮ǰ½һѾͰסԴ漴ûһ㣬ͳһŷ䣬ٴһתԼӡϣתԼϵѸٱϡ
һף֣
һ˵޷нѵĻҲֻܷӡ£ԾͨӡͬʱҲԻתָƵˮľ˵ԶԶᡣ
˻ⲿƺϵ֮ˮľͳһᣬȻԷķʽӡȥ
岻ֻסѾ
ʹûתʱȻù餱󣬵ֻǴзӡԵĵ߶ѣֻҪЧһû
Ƕ޹ؽҪĶֻҪܽӾˡ


704 Ӷ
ʹûתߵˮľһֱڱ¡
ôķ̫ˣˮľ籾е㲻ݣóȻжһ¡
бܵĿһ棬һ˶ηˮľɵġ
ߵ翿̫ܲһ¡
ںӱвʪЬ
߿ҲȻߡ
ǿûиá̽ôô򵥷£
ķգԲͨĻʧô򵥡
Щ飬ȷʵǱܲȥ
̽ıʽǲߵյ֮󣬳ھ
־˵׷̽ѰʵߣһؽĿͶꡣ
̫Զ޷֤
ܹ֪ģм塢ǧԼ衣
³Ҳԣǽ֡
ȻҲһжɺϣ˭˵׼أ
Щ鲻֪ҲˣȻй˼ɣȻҪԶ֮
޿ɱܵʱ򣬻ǵ취
ֱո˵϶ǴɣӾȡҲףᣬҲеͨ
ֱӽӴܷΣյδ֪
ʹûת֮ͨ꣬ˮľ׼ռƷ
ڳԺڡʲô˲УҲܷյĿҲûô󣬵Լתء
оתôõˮľ϶һ㶼޷
ҩʦôزģˮľֻҪȡһ㡣
迴ءΪ֮һĽʵ鷳Ҳûôܡ
ǰˮľɻͬͬʱʹûת᲻ͨԨԴͬĻ壬ŷ֣һж⡣
걾ӵ㹻ĲԻӡӦʵŻǰ
ԣʩչתҪƷ
ʹʵһĳɹʣͱͨǰǿȣõѪϢĶѡԼʩĿƶһϵ
ʧˣȻһᣬǳɹˣѰϢͻԽ̽ġ
ʩɹ֮ᱻڻ棬ٴʩչĻ϶ٻģĴĿӰˮʹʬ⾡֮걻ӡĶûа취תˡ
תʩչ֮󣬳һᱻ̾ƷһղأҪʱֱͨͨͶս嵱̾ͨĵʹãҪʱʹûתҲ˲Ϣս֡
ԣֻҪ㹻ʱ䣬ͿԻزģɡתšȻһԷųһ̽սҲ⡣
ҩʦӦûûǿǸزҲûʹ̫Ļ塣
ԣҲ͹ֲˮľժˡ
򲼬Ⱥڻָĵϴ񶼳ȤزĶһҲǻ
˶ӣҲɲҩʦԥˣȻÿһʹģʽǶһĥôҲûг⣬ҲΪˣ翴Щƫִġ
һǵ½黹һһӿѳһӣϴûһʯľҶϮ
鷳ˣ
ˮľһ˺أǲľڰУ޻ת֮
ɣˮľǰ
ʶˮľʹɷЩȵʵ
ˮľʼνش
ģʽֲһ˻ᣬȻҲܹʹãһɷҲ
˵Ҳǣ
ڲǾЩСµʱ
ҵľ޷ɷҩʦܿܲڸǸô
֪
ȥǲǺ£˭Ҳ˵׼
ҾǲӦҪԶһ㣿
һ뵽еϴڰˮľ;ķҡ
ҩʦڸӦòʹԱͬھռ¥Ҳûʹõļ
Ļƾ뽩ˡ
ҩʦһǴ̵ڹǣľҶռϷ磬ȴû취
ҩʦ¶Ļ϶Ҳץǲġ
ˮľԼľҶ˻˼ʱһֻɫҺĳ·צһɫӣΧ״Ķת£󷢳ĿǿԼܵ𶯡
ǿҵĹߣڱߵŨûܹ赲ס˵ʱʧӵд۵ľǲ۾۵
ˣҵĦ˶䶼ʧϵ𶯣ž޴ϣȫ޷
˾ô׾ٵر
׼֮ǿ󣬿سǲ
һ˲䣬ˮľҲЩڣûͨõ


705 
ģʽôԵֻҪʹõõһ˲ͿŤתơ
˲ʧȥ˵ֿľҶˣûأʮ̰εض𣬾ҪǴ̴
ʱˮľ˲ڰУһ̣ͽǰ½顢˺ץסͬʱһȣŷǰȥӪñȽԶľǲ
ɫĲֻûץˣӭ޻ת֮ʯ̡
͵β޲ֲױ̴Ҳܵ˸ţһʯӲƣ浹̺ˮľǰͷ
Ϊܵסףԡ
׼ӴˮľͻȻһ㶣ʯͻȻĲȻҵر
ĳУˮľڿеҲƷò˶ܣԶ֮󣬲ǱסΡ
޻ת֮ϴݱըǰһֶΣ
òϣˮľСĴ̽ս֮ʹһĻBOSSһﲢֻ֪׷ѰӰӵα츳ȷʵ˹Ŀ࿴
ڿɲǸпʱ򣬱ըˮľߣûһʱȥԮ
ٴγԮʵӹˮľϵء˺½飬ʩչҽѸٻظơ
ˮľٴμӿٶȣ
Ѿ˵ϣҵǣñȽԶûб޻ת֮γɵʯըƬҲһˡ
Ƥ˶ǴҪģؼǰ׼֮ʹ˲С𶯣˵δжأһʱѻָսˡ
ˮľٶȿ죬ҩʦҲս鲻֣ûˮľԿʱռа취תΪġ
ˮľƤӵ£һ޴ͨߴӵ˳һھͽǲ
ͨޣȻû뿪
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Щɻˮľ˳ؽľȻٴγ׼ҩʦжǱµͨߡ
ǡڴʱȵĹٴεˣɫβ޲ˮľϮıը˫ˮľ׷ķ
ͦĬʵЩԤϣ
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Ϊҩʦʹģʽ֪ɫˮľҲûлһ㣬ս˼·Ҳ̫ˣ˲Ϣ֮УܽľҶˣŪһѡ
ˮľƲҩʦĴ棬ܹƿص˵ģǡ
ˮľ˼ҪǱµͨߡ
裬ôСǴ˵е̡
Ȼؽ赱־Ųֻ֪ڰŪıƵСˣˮľǷ˸
¾Ʋ״ãȻգĿܽǲץ
ңڵǲ״̬ã˵΢ˣʶҲΪ׼֮Եʴ״̬ʱʹòʬתĻɹʾԻ
֮Уգȡһηǿǡ
ŷܵ˼Ƕսһðʧ
ľʵʱãˮľ˫ָأӿǰһ漴ҡ
ȻһֱڣҲ̫ʧˡ
ոճµͨת˲ͱҽ޴ѸٱȼۿҪʬ֮ʱߵĸͻȻƿɫЩõĴ䵽󷽲ԶҩʦҲѸٹӦ
ûлָʶǲ򱻴³ĳξ
ˣҪǲĻ治ܽһŪ֡
ˮľźҡҡͷ˴ľĺǣǲ֣֮ȷʵˮľԤϡ
̫ԭеļˣʵΪ״̬ãԳ֣ڴֲ

黹ûнһж˵Ҳ˺ܾܿڸ֪ͬ֪ô
Ҳô
ЦЦ
ôǲ²͸˵뷨
ˮľҲֻһ˵ʵҲ㲻Ҳĸλûע⵽ߡ
ĻҲ˵ˣʱ䲻˰
˵꣬ʹ˺ҩʦŲȺ͵ϴĻ嵲ˮľǰ


706 ѡ
ʬתʩչɵҪ೤ʱ䣿
ϵת伫Ϊ΢ӰҲСҪ״Ӱ쾫״̬ӶӰ첻ʬתĳɹʡ
ǾһеĹؼԽǿʬתԽǿӵд۵ǲˣܹ쾡µչĵܹʩչʬתʱ鷳
ô˵ʵҪʱ䲢ҾԽ󣬾ͻԽֳʤ
ǲʹ¶ʱ򣬾¶ռ䣬ʱомĲ죬ʬתҲƵЧȻû¶ôţҲܿɹˡ
ԭУҩʦ뿪һĻᣬǲͳɹط˴裬⻹ǲʬתڱʹ֮ǰ˵ĸ˷̫ʱ䡣
ҪȡһߵΪ鷳ǲʵ֮Ҫʱ䡣
ԣǲлҪΣյö࣬ܲ˳طɣˮľҲ˵׼
ʵȻ׷̫࣬϶вģԼܹڲʬתõĿԲǺܴ
ˮľҲʹǰſ£һ뵽ĵһԻˮľͷŲ֡
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޷ˣǱ߸Ҫң
ʱܲɣϮʵѾһˣˮľ½ľ״̬вΣգǰ֧Ԯô뿪һᣬǱߵԽԽˡ
ͬһӪˣôĬҲ൱Ρ
һֻ޴˫ڿնŴ衢ҩʦ͵ϴĻԶȥֻ¶ϺĲȡ
ģǰϰˡ
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һһǣжҪԼˣˡ
˵ֻ꣬һʵˮľʣµ̻صβ֧Ԯ
ǻȥǼ׷
ǵؿԶɧԴ֮
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ǣҪû˹ܵĻҪˡ

ͷ˾
ǰ׷
˵ĲڵСӣΣյö࣬߰ͬ鶼ܵĻûϣˡ

Щزķ󣬸оԽԽˡ
βӶ궯ӡ˼ѹΧ˷սĲҲӰķչ
ˮľѾǵڶ뿪ˣǰûʱҲûд̫õϢ
ľضڣˮľҲȥһˣȻܴ飬˵ʵ൱ǿ󣬶ԶĺɱҲԽԽˣ˵ΧķѾͻơ
ܿսǶ˲أԼһҽõļȴֻһάַӡ硣
һ뵽⣬˶񣬽עٴηķϣͷԼĲɣʣµСӣ͸Ӳˡ
עҪ񣡡
ķµĲڻսһʱ֮󣬾ͻὫβӡ
һʱ䣬ѰĹؼʱ̡
ͬʱˮľҲüͷǰı档
һȻ󱻴ͨ߳ɢս
ˮľûָΧķ𵽶ãֻҪԤˣڳֱӺӴ֮⣬Ҳ̫ء
Χɱ޹һЩźв֮£ûеҲǲܽܣڵǣˮľ£ֵܹ
Ҳ֪ߵİֵ𵽶á
һԵߵЩԾԾԣˮľһֱЩ಻סսˡ


707 
ܹǲӳֻ۵ȫԣֻǴˮľ˵Ťͷߣס˺ǲˡ
Ѿӽ;ƿݵĳţܹӳֲ쳣ʵҲ˼ɵڣˮľʱûɺͳ䲻ֻۡ
ˮľģֻǾ֯ռβѶȣóŵνϡ
ͳŽӴ֮ˮľͷһ֮ı̽뷨ˮľ룬Ҳֵá
£˶ֱ𽻸һˮľʲôɡʲôʸһе
ˮľʵȵĴսĩڵ˺ǲҪȲϽǲľʹðŶݼסŵؿ
ˮľôеʱϣֻһ΢һδչĽߡ
ڣˮľ䵱ʱ
ߣȻ̫ǰҪ͵ֱײӵͫĵˡˣӦ֪һЩ˰ɣ
ǵģ
ȷˮľжϡ
ҾͲˣ෢ƺսǿص㣬Ľǣ
֪ˡ
βϬȮһֻ֫β͵ĴЩȥͿһЩ·Ҳе
Ͽβһֻ˵ı棬ͣôҲٶȱȽϿ졢Ƚĸβޡ
׾ͿжϳβϬȮǾֻβУӦҲβޡ
䳤ܲóľ³ʴǿҺβ޵嶼޷⡣
ľҶսѵʱˡ
Ҷɽ尵ӳΪ߱ˮľ˹
ؿѧΧɱޣԳɰ˹ĵʮϵڰ˰Ů־˺Ȯڣǰȥ֧Ԯǰߣǵسֻǰô󣬵սȷʵǳá
ˮľʹøսʵûа취
ʵвĿ޵ͨɵ֮⣬ĺڰвȽϴ
Щ߹һ塢仯ˣĿǣβ޲еֿ֮⣬Ҳܹŵóˡ
ԣʲôǱóɱ¾ؼĽ͸ʺֵģ
пܵĻˮľ뽫֮ʿǵֱֱȥĵУ˵ϲó
ʵҲȷʵˮľϣˮľ߽޵֮˼ͶǰҲͣˣЩһЩϺõĵʵʵڵĽȷʵûбڰնϡ
ЩݵĲʵʲôȻ㹻ӲԽϲʺ̻ȴʺĽǰֻ򲻵ǣڰҲϡ
ˣ߲ʱ֧ԮˮҲڸķӣܶ·ϡߵǲʱĭߵĿ𱬣Ȼر󣬵Ҳõһˡ
ǲϣ
ˮľڵ״ģʱԼġ
һװͶ֮͸¶һ˿š
ͬһ渽һ㵭ɫβ޲Եòҡ
͵Ϣȷʵȫβǿߡ
ˮľҪģĸΧϵʹսɧţ޷ʹã͡
ˮľıûݹ޵ֱĲʱ䡣
һľǣսˮϣĲֵͨûõġ
ᡢ򼡢èûˮжȻǲˮµĻܵˮҲۿۡ
ȮɫֱȽϸ߼ͨޣʹò̤ˮУˮľĽ鲼ˮµͨˮĸ顣
Ψһ˵ǵģϵİˣϧһαˮľβһɱ֮󣬳Ҳ˲ǵشϴͻϮˡ
ԣ㵽׼ôţ
ˮľ޷ʹǧİָ֣ܹģҲ͸ޡԼһĻ̥ǲˡ
ֻǳսĻûа취ѹ̴֮һģο̴ľ
ȻĬˮľķ֮Ĳ֧ԮҲߵЭһʱҲûܵļ
⣬һ鷳սڵһľҶ廹ĺʹóߵرǵĻյĿɲʯûй̶״ĺˮûжƻˣӡЧҲۿۡ


708 
ˣҲ޷ĳûбĿܡ
ۼ裬󷽵ڻҲѹƣֿտĵ޵ĴΧɱ˵ЧޣһʱҲɱ
ֻҪʹһˣ̻һˮľʵȥʹ÷֮룬ͲһֵĻᡣ
ʱ˿̣Ҳ֪ʹһЩĵˡ
˫ֺ£תһϸСĺƾճ֣Ȼ󻺻
ǿŲͷţ˲鲼ܴƬʱ䣬еŨϯһգΪˮľĽ֧ŵͨˮĸҲһȺźˮգûдǰ򣬾ͱ޴
ˮľһάֵĳΧ磬˲¶ֲ©
ʹôǲ£Ȼ
رɵֻӡЧ
ȻȻйЧβԼӡ֮ûΪʵǿͣᱻ飬ͨ߾ûôˡ
ﲢû̫ѾֻҪֵһͻúܶ࣬ôΧĵرǣžԲ̫á
ˮľͼϵؽֵסϵץס£ȻתƵԶĵط
ʱƣˮľԼǿսĽ糹飬ˮҲ룬ϳһ̫Եľ޴ˮ
ʱȻʵߣľҶһĿɿڴؿ˾ҵı仯
̽궼ûг˾ȵĳˣ
ĿӰǧǲߵʱѾȥ˽ʮ꣬սĿ³˻ȥˡ
ڣٵһ̡
˲ҵľƣҲѵĻᣬֵܹ尵Ѿм˱ڰ̴壬ۿͻˡ
ˣ
Ŀѵؿɱ¾ŵǿ̵Ҫǰȥæȴˮľһס
Լδţ㻹ȥʲô
ǡ
Щա
սɲǿʱ򡭡
ˮľεҡҡͷһȻʵҲ˺ܶࡣ
ھ״̬ȴûӦӶ⣬Ϊߵһļˡ
ʱȥսֱͶ
Ҫżûôء
ֱ赲ǰߣɱ¾֮⣬󲿷ֶϵˮȥˡ
ٲֱˮľ£ʣµģˮľҲֻܾΪˡ
ʵ̫ܲס˺ˮľҲûа취ûĻ
ˮ֮У˳ˮѾüӴĺϵصűеѾҪǼ򵥵ر֧ͨ㣬ˮľеʵϵʹʱռԽ߾˳
Һˮķӡδڱοռ֪
⣬ʵʵӦòô
Ϸˮľ˾Ԯ·ʵ⡣
ˮֻ֮ʣǳǳһ㡣
˵ȽԴͨ˵Ѿ˲Ӱսĳ̶ˡ
ʼͷ޴ͨ޳֣èˮţзϺȵȶһһ֡
ҲΪˮΡˮ棬ؿѧš
۵ģԶȻ¶ˮ档
ԶԶȥһֻ˸״ĳڹ꣬ڹ߼Ľ״Ե쳣ͬʱĴβͣˮػζ
ʩչķľʹҰӣ־ķάŽ硣
˴ĶñеѹƲסβؿʼķۿͿҪˡ
˶ӵľ棬ҲȻûг֣ˮľҲһЩ롣
ѵ˵Ҳ׼ֱӺͳű棿
ĻҲ͵ͨˣűӦò̫Զ
ǣҲöԸСӦڸһħҲǲ;Ҳæ
˲ķչǰҲð
˵ս˲Ϣ䣬üƻ̫ϸе׼ܱȴֲҪá
ˮľǰ˳ţҲҪֱӸɵ󻼣ҲһҲ⣬ֻ̫д˰
˵ԽջԽ󣬵ˮľɲǸ⡣
ΧҲʱڲ֧Ԯôòòıһսˡ
ǼȳˣӦɨеС
˳ֽӹķĿȨˮľ׼Ѿ뿪ˡ
ˮѾǳӰԼʵˣʱƴˣһѹҲҲһ㡣


709 Ը
ÿ뵽Ҫֻ۵ʱˮľսս
սжѣ
ˮľ˿иǴѾİΧС
˺սֻõģ״õĳţֻҪ㹻ܻὫҪߵܰõ
һǿȷģ׼ƴֻǰͨûκεֿġ
óȻ䱻ˮľķȨľҲûйൢ飬ԸȻҽʰͬ飬Ȼ׼뿪
ʦæ
ˮľҡҡͷֻǳѧէģʽֱӺսʵ̫ˡ
̫࣬ȥطﲻս
˵֮䣬ˮľɢĲѾ޷ˡ
ˮľϵľ޴ˮǿѾһ䣬ӦǳŵĲֲסˣ˴ˮϣʼǸв
Ȼö龡Զ룬̫Σˣ
رǵ峡ββ߿һڵģ;ĵֿ߸Ͳܸʲô鷳
ӿٶȣҪˡ
ˮľļûа취
ȻرΪεԭûɻԵĺƻǺܴġ
Ѿ˵ò֮ˮľſβķ
ûô׽βƴʹóĵرǵʱͲʧˡ
ΣˮľȻĶһܹõϵ
ʵǰ
ô
ˮľʵ
ȻҲûʲôǱڵѡ˸ܵڵˡ
һֱˮľĸƷѡĻᣬһܹ̺̽ۼ飬ûбڸˡ
ǵʣ̫ʺϵǣθ죬óϸ滻ȫѾ˺ܴĸƣңʹӰôõɽկָоӦòİ
ôһ
ˮľڰ֡
ô˵Ҳûѡˣʼɣ
µβ䣬ˮľ⿪˷ӡָʶ֮󣬸Ӳжˡ
忪ʼӡͬʱʣµķһϺ赲ǰ
β׼ôã
ЩǣϾıܾôš
õģȵסһˡ
ô
Щɣʵ벻ʲô취ܹô̵ʱڿβ
ˮľЦЦ
˴ȨˣҲóȫ˰ɣ
βϬȮж㣬ǵһվ׮̨ԸҲ㹻ˣȴУҪͬЭ
ߵͷ֪ˮľ˵ȫβ޻
ȷʵڵ˷һʱˣղʧأľҶúԶԺãȻЩΪʱָӹٵˮľƫģҲǼƽʱ򣬱飬ֻʵ㣬ľҶж
󷽵ĺ忴һ۱ĸֻ͹赲ǰ棬Լʼʩչ׼ķӡ
µβƺҲʶΣգʼƬƬ׼壬Ѿ̫ˡ
ʲô취ܹһֻβڶʱƷ˷ӡȻûˣʲôʺϵӡ
ûˮľԤǣһʧܣĴ㣬ֱӽβսͶս
ڳȻǸѡսôˣ㲻ֻƽ޹ʴһ
ԣֻˮľԼˡ
ңʵԸⵣɫٺòˡ
ԷӡǰҲùΣʩԼϣĸо
̾һĺ˫һӣһŲâӣβ䣬ɣŲ˺βӴѹһʧˮľĸɢȥβʧֻºӦŵһγΪĸܡ
ִǿ޵ĿĿ⣬ҪʱԵѹô
Цš
ǸͱѱСغף־ˮľ鷳һֻβޣͲôˡ
Сظŷӡڵβޡ
ȶת֮䲻˳ʲർµġ
ǿҵĸоһӲͼβҲ͸֧Ͳڵβ䷴ɵĻᣬͿ԰Ȼֱ˥ҲάֲסӡΪֹ
һβ֮ĵõɮָõľַѹһβغ׼ʮꡣ
Ҫβ޵ȫûаܹƵס
Ȼһһĵ·ô
ȻԤϣȻû漣˲˹֮


710 ʱ
ʱ䣬ˮľԼϱͷֱʹϷ˯磬ʱβ־ڸǣǿӶ
ûǸУտʼʹķʱܻüǸʱôβˮľ˭֪ˮľβ衱˻
ôѾ˲ôˡ
ôʹβʵ鷳βʧصĻʧغˣʧصҲʵģֻҪܹʵãҲǻ£Ȼһ㣬ǿ
岢һڵβʴˮľз־Э壬ʱֶĿƣȻԾļ
δԶѾǰߡЩˮľѡ
ѾһôҲãϧβƺڸ
ĵسץסֻβǴɹֻĻֻ˵ûп
ٳɵĺ̷ſβƣβ޻һ״̬״̬һζȫβ޻֮ͳˡ
ȣÿֵܽļһ˳
ˮݡڵ
۵ˮԲŸ޵ķƿնȥ
ѾҪƣߵĸٶȿ쵽Ũʵ̫ˡ
õˮľѵؿѧæ˺󣬷ӶˮڵֱӻеĸޣΣʱ̣Ȼûз޼ᵵǰ˴ڰУȻ޼˲ˮڵĲ󲿷ɱȻ˸ϣĹ켣֮صˤںߵͱϡ
ôӦ˰ɡ
ˮľ־ĺɲ͵˿ֱӶ־ҪɱˣǲݵĵжԹϵҲѾֹüˡ
ףԣ
һƬ޴ƾճ֣޴Ķ״ҶƬɣȻؿϵ֮ǰٴγ˵¡
׾겻ɢǾ˵ǲҲڸô
ɵøӾ˼ֵˮľעصϡ
ͬʱҲֵ뷨β޻̶𽥼漴һŽŵβˮϡ
ֻβͬʱ֣ԲǺöԸġ
Ҳβ޷ӳȫֻҪܹԱˡ
Ѿʹһεرǣʹõڶô
ǲߺǲʹֻۣһӡֻβ޶⣬ǳû˵ܹҲ˽ǡ
⣬ˮľϣģҲϽжЩҲˣܹҵŵı壬һ£ˮľİġ
ʱˮľҲʩչǷѰųſܲĵص㡣

ججǲ֪ԼҩʦĿǰ״̬ҲΪ״Ȼ˵ǣԼļٵģһֱ޷ָĸ֪
ѵѾɱˣ磿
̶ʮУľҲйΣ޼ƿʩǵһΡ
ֻȻִӦûû͸ѵ˵˸ץסˣ
һ뵽ֿԣʱһ˿ϣֻҪţͻϣ
Լ֪ˣǲѪ޽硢д۵ļֵʱƣҲԽԽоõڵĿֲֻԼʱûܹҵ伤İ취ѡ
֪˶ãصȴʱΧһЩĪı仯
֪ԵĹâͬʱҲ˽ŲʵصĸоĴУɻصͷ
ʲô
Ŀһ̯Ǹõ֬һĶԼ˫ϣвӵơ
ҪƶѣȴֻʹҪʹҲûκηӦ
ѵǹѺҵ壿
ʱһĿ˹
ǲþòˣ
㣿
ˣԼӦǱץˣֻ
״̬Ҳ֣һʮĸоѾֵʮֲ
õģٹãǾͻΪһ壬˼룬ΪҵĶȻҲȥɱǲ
ұ𣿡
ЦһǾԲЭġ
ô˵׼ھͶȡҵ壬ӦþǾռ䣿ѹҲʩչ
ִԻ£ֻܹãǿҲͻܹá
ֿɣΨһϣˣڵ㣬ͲǶ֣
ôȷѾɹˣ
ǲͻȻһ˿Ļȡ
Ȼףԣ˭
ڴ辪ȵУǲıͻȻһʰ쵵ĳ򡭡


711 ©
ǲϣ¶ǰδе̬һ˿ĳЦ֮ɫȤشΧһС
ǲʬתչĳŻ
ŸϢ꣬£һ֮Īζ˲ԾҪΧһжƻ
һ㶣ȻȻ
ˮľԭ㣡
漴ݸӵ
⣬ΪӦòŶԣӵп͸δ㣬ʵӦף飬㲢ûз
ûз
ǲһεЦݡ
Ҳ£ʱʵû취
ţ
ˮľ˵ô˼һᣬȻ̽ʵ
Ϊԭô
ˮľشֽŲ²
ĻǾ˵֪δȶ㣬ƿءˣȻжҲܵõǲ壬ȴ˺֣ʲôƺһ˿ɹĿܣ⻹ǺϢ
㻹񣬲ҼȻ©Ѿˡ
ֻԲ֪
ԭάźͷĴ˲һصİ״ߣؿ·ǲ
ҿӰ֮ʲô
ΣͬʱΣպͻһο飬Ҳǻᡣ
ҪǾߴľ棿ҿɲˡ
ȻôļȻҲʧ񡭡
ĺ˫ȶһӣ˳طգԽԽһԳ򲻶̺ܲž񲨶۷ۡ
ͬʱʧȥˮľƣޱǲػָǡ
ߡûȱô
״ߵΣϢȻ˾壬պ̺ҲͬСɡ
ˮľʦԭˣ
ղֻΪһʱ죬׼֣ڣȻдͫȻûŤתܾ֣䵱һֻ㹻˵ġ
ǲУ״ɹԼǿ޴Ļʵԣ±飬ҲܻСٴؾۡ
ûѤ֮ӰҲûսɱ̬еֻĬĬľڵļȿ϶
Ǿֱӽĳôԭˡ
ǲǲĻ֮¿Լͬʱɴ۾λǰıչ¶дǰͬʱҲŻѰҽĻᡣ
ʱˮľǲϵĺҲʼá
ܹõϵСѵ˵ĺ֣
ô鷳
˫ˮľھռҲһصľˣȫܲȴֶԵȵս
룬̫߹ԼľҲ̫Сˣ
ɷϣΪˮľһϵжɵĺЧӦȷʵھϵϣԤ˲Сǳ̶ϵĲ죬Ǳϵ
дۣõľܹؿд۵˺͸ߵף˵ǲ崫еĻͲֻȱԵָѡ
ˮƽȴոŵĽͣȻУĸֶսʱ򣬴ˣֻҪˣȻܹɱˣпɲǾֻͨˣһϡ
ڴ裬һں͵˽ƾеĶս׳һ߻һ񲻺õСžѻǹ׼ߣ֮£ȻûȫԼơ
ʹˮľϾֻһƾ־Ĳͨתдӡڸ⿪֮ӡ״̬ʱĬĬؼϵһգҪڲʬתӮ軹ǲ̫ܡ
ΪʲôˮľԾģе߰׷Ͼ͵ǲֻҪˮľĺܹһᣬȻ˴ϲʬתĹ̡
ǲǵ£ôãľ˵ĳ졣
صĲ壬Զôࡢô鷳ֻҪɽ¶ˮ޲ѣˮľ̫ı䣬ӦòӰ죬ȻҲͲᾪû͸ˡ
ηӡĻϷ˯磬ϾֻһʱֶΣʱ֧Ԯһǲľ˼άˮľעеʧ֮󣬾ͻȻʧ١
Ծ֮սʴӵǲǡҪģôһҪĻڡ
ȻҲųȻɶʧĻˣˮľҲ취
ͬʱһ߲ŵϴʹ׷ˮľʵһ߿룬ͬʱ뾫ռĴǲ岻ܵ˺
е㲻Ծʱ̫ˡ


712 ̽
Ѿ˴ҩʦȻܶԲʬתһ֪ҪȻҲˮľнˡ
֪ҩʦ֪ʬתҪ̫ʱܹɣȽ鷳ģѰ
ѵ˵ˮľ˵˵Ĳʬתʧˣ
Ϊʲôнⳡж
Ϊ˱ˮľԤеΪɱʧô
˲䣬ҩʦӿֳõԤС
еıУǵٵģǲʬתһʧܡ
ϻԲ򣬿Ϊ̫ܵ죬߱޸ȡˣԲǴǽϻĿܡ
ϧѾҩʦܹˣΨһģǽ׷˦Ľ֡
ǲľռ䣬һҩʦҲûš
Ѿ˺üŵƣĿӰͲȵĻ嶼ʧȥǲؾ棬ʧʹˣˣܽ켺˾Ҫˡ
ؼڴܲȡǲ壬ֻҪɹһЩʧֵõģҪʧˡ
ȻѾѹĴ㣬ҩʦûпǹ
ʧȥˣΪߵġ׸úȥδӣһжã֮У

Ҳһ൱ȫߣ̫óĻڿҲܲ
ּܹΪԼҪ鱨ԴҲ鷽Ĳܾǳ͵ġ
ʵ֮⣬ҪǣҲһȺɫͨްԼ
ͨʥءľɽҲѧ綼˽
֮ҲΪ
ƴܴ룬ҲǴӸ
ԭУҲڸĶȻ󰲰ȵǱ̴塣
Ҫû޴ڵ껢治̲Ҳ֡
ڣڸĬĬ۲ΧҲüζ̲סҪ
ǲ֣˼鷳ʱԶϴıըԼҩʦǿƣõ߰ͬغˮľ޹ʱ򣻻Χ᧿ΣǿͻʱԼڣرǵĿֲľҶϲʧء
ҲŽ飬һз
ˮľ߼ȶ˾ƣȻƺЩ鷳
ŽβӡԼڡΪβˮľʵ壬Ҳ;ЩΪѡ
ڻǹעЩʱսˣһжˡ
ǹϵļһû뵽ƽҲܵɱϵߣ
ܹΣͷģӢۡ
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ֽԲһԼΪģԼģʽµĳǿ֪ΪУһƴСĽ磬ܹ֪һβɼܿ״Ŀռ䡣
Ҳ˵еĻͨʱռǷ֮ͣǰûʹõġ
Ҫץʱ䣬Ͻҵ
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һҲٴ˫ֽӡӿ֮䣬־˺˳Ҳߡ
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ף㲻ȷ˲֮ô
ҼųžԲа֮ͽҲ˵ҵĵӾ֮ӣû˵ֻ֮һˣţֻǱɱˡ


713 ȫ
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ˣϾǴԵûа취ġ
ź˵ˣˮľ򵥵ʵ̫ǳˡ
Ϯ԰޺֮ģǶԲֲͬ⣬ǿȨĵ·Ǽֲԡķ磬̽ǧսҲݵĸԴ
̽磬ÿ˶Բ븳ǲͬġ
Ȼżתһ޺Ͱ޵תǲߺͳĿӰǧʧ֮̽Ѿ޷ֹ̼ĶȥˣԼָ߼ͨ޵ǻǱʶдɵĹʶŤתֲľ档
ңһ޵ĸ֪Ϲߣٵزˣ޺Ͱ޵ĲתǲԶȥġ
һתߣǲߺǧ䣬ûԾ
ʱƣ޺޵ĲӡԽԽձȻ᳹ʧ
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ˮľҲھΪԽ֮󣬲Ųһʵġ
ټԼԣˮľܹᵽΪʲôʮβĳֲŤתΪʱ䲻ˡ
ΣԺηһ˶ϣ򣬱ȻӭȫĽ֡
ǣ˱ƶãǱȻġ
֪δչƵˮľӸ˿УĲЭǣŽزУСڲΥƵ£ΪԼıȡ档
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ֻǰ̡֪ò࣬ӦòĳЩǲ֪˵ķѡ
ˮľɱĳɰ֮Ыʶ˺ȴ޷ѵǿߣֻ̽βѰҰ˵Ļɵá
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ΪʲôѽǶͷɶνй
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Ϊʲôʱһﻹ֣ǵĻսԲôѡ
ȻԳǲߣʵԲƽʱֵǸ֣ټǸصľܹȫȫΪ֯ĻܾͲѵˡ
ǲβܵģһǿ϶ҲǵĿ겻ͬйͬĵˣ
ŶԼжϼŲɣڣͼذʱ򣬻뱣ʵվ˫Ľ
ϣ˰ɣ
СȻʮǣҲòôˣϣںߵĹȫֵĿܣʵ̫οˡ
Ыֵ̫ˣеϴǸԳǲߵļһһ㣬Ҳ᲻׵ڷ֮ǿ֣Ҳôѡ
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ڳŻҪ˵ʱһž޴ĻײΪεֽ֮䣬²ӿαװֽȼյĻѣԭȫĻ˲˱˿


714 
ͻĽóźСϳһո˵ǲûоš
ϲһӿĳţȼաɢŸ¸ȵֽƮɢ
һĹԭ޴Ļɢһա
ƮɢĻֽƬɢȥ߲ܵ谭ʱܿˡ
׷ϤӰСϺͳǰֻҲǰųЦݣȡ֮˪ɱ֮⡣
ǣСϣš
ʹļ׵Ա
ΪʲôҪ£
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ȥѾҪˣҲʦ㹻ʹ࣬Ϊӭ񣿡
ҿɲǵн̹ôԴ󣿡
ҲҪͬӵ֮۵ңע磡
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ȫвȥˡ
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Ҳȵؿ˵ĶҪӽʱһƬֽ｣С赲Ҳǰ
ɷëǧ
Ҳһͷɫ˲ӲȻ䣬籩Ѹ٣һ
Ҳٶ죬Χġ
ڷųëͬʱʹҲëԻͿʹƵΪܡ
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Źּѵػһ£ѣڳšСҲ֮һʵǽ͸ǿëǧǽС
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̫ԴˣҲʦһ˾սֻۣǰ棡
Ҳǧȫ棬һҲûеģǾǷС
˵ǰ˶̫ӵĻǰеϴܹеܣˮľеƷӵܾ£úõظһΣƿȨߣǶôԶԸĴڡ
ɹ˿أûͬɵ֧ԮĻ
е㲻˰Ҳ


715 
žʹԶ߸߷ɣźĽ
ԶĻûа취ٿβ޵ж϶ܳɹˡ
һμҵײȻӭͷβĽ֡
⣬˫ܽܵġ
ԣսȻȥ
Ը߸߷ϣѴеĵˣģʽǿҲʤˡ
ľɽУûзеİ취ֻҪϮ͹ˣõĵѾԶܾ󲿷ֵкϵвңӵǵĹħáٳ
־˽͵úϸܽһ仰мɣΪҪԲᡣ
Ҳɫѿʵ
ô죿ʹëǧ
ٳҲǲУʵ̫Σˣе˵Ҫһʱܷá
ѾģʽҲ˫־˺ˣһ֮ͬʩչľŤռ䡣
ųΪľɽǿĻߵľ
ٳʩѭľɽشףֻϻģʽĸϣɣһɣͻᱻĻ֮С
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ʩľɽشʯ˵࣬˾ͻرӻͷŲ
ֿ־ֱصĳ߼ǲ¶ҪΣգֻ־˺˿ʹá
÷Χǳ㣬ͬʱ˴ҽסʩ߿ɿ̶ȣ⼶Ļ֮һ
ͬʱҲ൱ķա
ҪõǱ¶ʩߵλãҴҪЧҪһʱ䣬ʱ佫ǳΣա
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ˮľǿɷ湹ս󣬶ҲǽУһԵطųǿ˲˺
ĲͬɣΪвͬˮľΪ˿һͼڣȷǿһ򾡡
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䶨֮󣬳ŹȻţͬʱһֱ۴ŷӡľ޴Ҳǰ


716 
ʮβ˲ǣξ޴Σоֻۣɫľʮ״ͻӦʮβͶϵ֮Ĳ
ˮľ˵ħ񣿡
Ҳ𾪵ؿȥȻɢŨĶ
Ѿˮľ˵ħ鱨벿ۼʱ򣬻һĪ
ΪħӴ赲ŲûˣβڻеĵطƬƬľƬ룬ȻҲɷճɻҽ
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ħԣʹ㿴صƣûӰս
õ޲Ӽ˳ŵĸȻƲأٿħģóʹ಻
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òŶ˵ĴԺɻþȻַǳĶôܵеùǲ
ϵıʲ࣬ͲŬֲܹģľ񹥻漰̽籾ʵݣǽӡƾܼյģԼԶס
֮սȷʵգΪе֮ﶼãܹԼģֻԼľǿ־
ʩչ֮ǰȷʵʤϣһʩչɹûŤתֵܾĿˣһΣˮľǰõĺֱ򣬻׶༪١
׹⽣ٴθ֣ĵ绡Χľ񴥽ǳ׽飬գһǧгУſֲĸ٣ֱն˰״ߵظĲѪǾӨƮɢƬ


717 
ϵ˵սûκοȡɵĵطϵĲôת
״ߣиİΪдľ״ִ̬̬ġ
ִǿ̹ĵĳ뱨Թ֮󣬵ִӵǿսԸȻƫģҲʡ
սһ˳Ĺ̡
Ȼޱȵǿƣ±ǲҪǿ֮ܶ࣬Ҳеġ
ңʬת֮ʩչʱ򣬴ľ־⡢ΧȾһƬۻ࣬Ȼı䲻ˣȻǲ裬ֻһͼȵռǿѡ
֮ǲߡ
һʼûܽ˻Ӧ׵ȡʤͲô򵥵ˡ
ܴİ״ʹһ޴βһ˦ȴض˹ȥ
ռ͵ƣȴٶԶԶ磬ֲСΧսУĶĴ裬Ѿռˡ
˾ȵ츳
һ˫ƵͫжѪչֵ쾡¡
ҶԽԽˣ
Խǿ󣬴ʹòʬת֮ȡ֮õĺôԽࡣ
ȻΪԼȲʤȯĴ裬û̫Σա
Ż̰¶ѾҪˣƲסԼȻѾײˡ
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Ǳضǧеİ״ͷ¶һ˿Цݵĳ鶯
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ȻѾսϸ뼼ϴ·磬ԶĴ裬ȫΪЩ΢ļɣֲܹ˾޴Ĳ࣬ȱǲھռܣӵĵģҩʦֵסľҶ׷
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仰˵һжǻǾԻѡ
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ȱݻҪģ˵Ĳ㣬ʩھ֮սܣͻᱻﷴɣһзΪ˿ٳɳϡ
ΣΣգҲ̺Żᡣ
Ӵϣǲͻƿʵϣ
˵ǴܣҲҪǲԸԸˡ
ʬתȻѾʩչܹųȥģȻֻһˡ

ڴǲڽֵʱսҲһЩ仯
ҩʦģʽǺˮľĽ׵õġ
ȻдṩİβţĲϰģʽǣȱ㣬Ȼûеõֲ
ԣҩʦģʽʱ䣬Զˮľôԭҩʦôϸ˶Ѫ޽֮ǿ޳ɵͬ
ڴ貶ǲ֮ҩʦһֱʹõϴĻʩ󷽵ľԮָһЩڻܣʱ׷һ鷳
ЩСֶεö޵ģӶĸɾ֮Ȼûа׷
鷳ǣһǿҲʼӽˡ
ǲϵҩʦãȻԿԶһǲˡ
ٱһֶϣҪ˳ѣ´˶ȡǲɹˣҲп޷ѡ
һϢǣǲľҶ̣ľҶ߲һ·ˣҲˮݣһͻ


718 ¶
ϧ鲢ҩʦеչ
ҩʦһֱڵŷеķͼôӲͬķ׷ǲľҶϡ
ȡ½ˮľʵϣ˵Ͳôľˡ
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ɵ˴⡣
ָʲô
кܶ鱨жûиľҶ壬ĥ͸

ϣЩˣˮľȷʵЩɵ㣬Ϊ̬ĳЩʱˡ
˽ռ˺üֻβ޵ĲѾ¶ģһββββ
ŴβֵˣôֵΡ
ڡ֯ǲյ鱨ˮľΪ֮һϲĹ֮ͽӡԽԽˡ
û뵽һ̣Ȼܴļ¡
û˵꣬һʹӸޱǲһϣ塣
бҪ֪㹻ɣ㲻вӡ˺
ʹ˲ϣȫϢһ֮ϣ̧ͷ
һ仰Ŀİɡ
Ӧϣˣһš
㹻ʱ䣬Ϊʲôôļ
ⲻҪ֪ġ
ϣһƺߣһ˴ȡ
ƺȫѪҺֹסڵҲڲʧ
¶ǹʵġ
ˮľǿžʹٴγ
Ҫʲôı֤ϧ㲻񡭡
ͻȻϣһ㶣漴Ӧ
ˣǻģǲֹˮ۾ϰɣ
ô֪
ž޲ݣһ¶֮ɫ
ϣǳ鶯ǿһ˿ѿЦݣ
Ҫʹñ񣿱Ļ˷ϣҲܳɣ
еĿ˵Ȼԣ
ҥԴôڱôʼֻǿδԤ
ȻЧеƣʵȴȫͬ
ԤֻжϺķ򣬶ȷ֪ľͷǴ󺣣мжƣı䡣
ôܹΪһ̸
ЩԤϵǲüͷһ壬߳ųǲȻϣ˴⬡
ʹ࣬ҪһôԣǺܶΣ
棬˺ϣ˺üˣһ¡
ʱ˶ã
ʶѾеģϣͻȻʵ
кܳܳ
ûоһӻôѰ
ϣɬĺȻٴ˵
ɱĴ̫࣬񽥽еӦˣϰߣǸµĶ
ϣľ״̬ԽԽǲҲ൱֡
ԭֻΪ˿һˮľķ鱨ȷϣڣϣķӦʵ̫ˡ
ȱη֮ģ޷һ־ģ㵽ʲô
һθܵ¶Ҳջ񣬲˳֮٣Ϊˡ
ϵѪһζԭȶĿռ䣬ҲڲΧĿռ䣬ͻȻһ˿˿ϸĺɫƣȻӣռ䣬ľһˡ
ǡⲿľֱӱ¶ռ䣿
¶һַʽƽ⣬ǲҲʮ־ȡ
Ȼûи˵ĺ棬ʲôɫԿ϶㲢˵Ԥ֮У
û취Һϲ磬ƺϲң
ǵ٩ҲεĻ¶ռ顣
Ҳ֪ǲûС


719 
ʵϣǱߵСúͻȻҲܿ졣
ˮľʶԤ̶֮źʵ֮ľϵֱӽϷ˯ľʵѹ˹ȥ
߰ˮľ壬бѱСغסԼڶͨ޼־ˮľĲ£ֱӴ˿ռϣķͶ䡣
¶ռ棬ȷʵⲿϵˮľϷ˯ҲǼ򵥵ֶΡ
¶ռ䣬ϾʵĿռ䣬Ƕݴڵڣδȫˮľĸ֪
һʵľȻǿ󣬵ܹ¶
Ϸ˯ͼΪֲˣܹˮľ·ôܻôױ
¶ȷʵ̫ƽ⣬ˮľʱֻɵ·ӣҲǰԹûгɹǻвͨǾ
ԭУûлͲд۵ǲܹƾŸĻƽ⡢ֱӷǲ¶
ȻܹķΧ֮ڣˮľȻа취
ǳһ
ˮľķӦѾˣһб䣬֧Ԯһӣ¶ռѾ֪˶ٸСʱˡ
֮ʱŵĿ̫Զˣˮľ¶ռʱϣľѾҪˡ
ˮľĸ֪УڸٷеϣͻȻɥʧ˶ĿƣȻһͷٳ֮£ľײ˺üãȫͷ˺ü֮ͣ
ҵǣǲûгʤ׷ֱҩʦķ׷˹ȥ
Ȼû˵ǰΣգȴûˡ
Ϸ˯屻ӡħƬ棬ЩܵˮľƵġ
ײ໥ģ¶ռͲдͫĲˮľƴ۽ٻƣܵǲܵġ
ΪˮľڶԼͨ޵ľŦ𶯵˺ϵÿһϷ˯ﴫݡ
ˮľı֧ߣֻʱʧȥ˶Ϸ˯ƿأʵͲôˡ
ʹ࣬αľֳܵĻþÿһʵľʱͣ١
Һʲô˲õ飬̫çײˡ
ĿǰϷ˯粢ǿ󣬲Ҫ˵¶ָıĳΧȣͲд۵ͫӲ£ûռ̫ơ
ҲԹˮľ¶ʩŵôͻȻƬ̵ĹЧûˮľ㹻ʱ䷴ӦʶؾͼϷ˯練ˡ
ʶѡЩðʧʱľѳۣѾˡ
ƽʱˮľķḻ飬㾫Ĳֵһᡣ
¶˺ɵŶݵÿһϵʱѾʲô̫ص˺ˡ
ǣڿսϣˮľߺ壬ոճΪβãܹٿβȫβ޻ѾˮľḻĽˡ
ûʣβеѶȺͷǶôĴҲֻһ²Ż˽⡣
˲βʧȥƿصĺ壬ݵβӴһ٣֮䣬ԭʵȫβ޻ʱ⡣
Ҳˣ鷳ǣ־ĿƲβ޲ûоʹɢȥǲϵس˹ַӡͨʶˮľظܵĴײ޴й޼ɵƻ塣
Խ
ˮľһºڵ״ʱΣգӡβҺǰԷӡǷӡѷһӡ
֮£ĸʵΣգΪֵмûʵ֮˸սڻβߣͲǶ֡
ڣҪս鷳ǵˮľΧ
ˮľ˸練Ӧٶ۵ĸһһĺڰ֮¡
ǡڴʱԿռ䲨ΪˮľͻȻһͷͿߵǲںߣ˫ʶûлָҵβ޲ĺĸ
˶͵޳֮ͽ
ҪȥΧȴһֻǲ˳ʩչ˽βӡ
ԭڱҵβ޲ʱйڡ
帹ķӡһռͨһ㣬һֻżӲǵڹ˳Խ뿪ӡ;ԽǾ޴󣬵βҲ뿪ϵķӡ֮β޴ٴγƬˮѾ½صĺ
ܹεУؿԭŭ쳣β䣬ͻȻͣ궯ԭ޴˫Уһɺдۡ
дͫͶӰβĿȨˣˡ
սȴ޴ǿһͷ


720 
ԭͺ΢ս֣һβ˶һβ䣬ʱˮľ
ˮľǰô£
µĵˣܼ֣β˿ˣ
ˮľ
ȻԸβҪܣǲһͨȺС
ܹβ޵߸־ô࣬ûβ޶ͨߵ˺ʵ̫ˡ
ˮľһҲҸ߹ǲĵ¹ۡ
չԼʦˮţûκζԲĵطҲܺԥؽ
Ĺ硪ľҶ壬Ҳ˵پͻ٣βϮ岻֪˶ˡ
ּһͨʵĻˮľûвˮôķ֮תββ޶ԶԶġ
ô죿
ָӾˣע⣬ҪսҲҪǸߵĹ֮ͽ
ã
Ӵβ߶ʱת˷
ˮľ˸һӰǰؿҶɽΧȡľָӵԳɰ˹ꡣ
ôԭǺ˳𣿡
֪ϥӦô
ˮľҲ֪ôͣ
䣿
˼ݵԳɰ˹̽ʵ
ô£սӰ쵽Ȼ󱻵˿ӡ
Ϊһߣʯ֮䣬ͻвȻǾ뷴ˮľǡ÷Ĵ
ЩҲۣǱǸļһٶȲסҪٽ֦ˡȥԸǶעⲻҪղֵҡ
ʣµˣ̻ľҶߣ֪ѾΣͷˣ׷׵ͷʾףʱˮľͻȻһ
ԭβ֮ϾҪȥĺ壬Ӧҩɾˣֲˮľĳϸ֮󣬼͵ʧȥβ޵һʱȻûгҲˡ
ҾҪô
֪ԼĳΪβ֮³ĵǼʵ¼ֻû뵽ʱô졢ôЦ
һ飬˰
û
ź˫ּѵؽӡһ˿ͬھķӡʩչ˳
ѾӰˣ
¶εЦ
ˣ˭ù
ӡڹâ˷ɢ䣬ʱ˽ߵǲע⡣
ӡ˶˷ģһôôƴʲô
ŷӡԺΪģһȦ͸ĻţＫ֮󣬱ֵһУβ޴βͺβһС֣ʧ󱻷ӡںĸ
ӡĹԸոϨˮľͳںʬԱߣȻ
ܵشβ䣬תˮľһצȴˮľһ˸ʧ
ǰļƻʼ
ٴγֵˮľ߷Ը
ҲҪиֲס͸ϽԮ
Գɰ˹ǱȽȫ֮ܵ⣬˶ó񶷵Ľ֡
ĸʵ׻ָ֮ôȥˮľԱ֤ŲǶ֣ղҲôùͬԴϤúܵˮľ
ӦսôǿôʢҲûǲʲôˣкǲ߳ء
սôãͽȻңҲǵƾʱˡ
ʱ̫õĻҲʲô¡
һάģʽֹʹ÷֮ʱʱʹϢռĳ֧ԮҲʱ
ʱ򣬻ͺѶԸˣܹƣʵǿ̣Ҳܹɵһ
Ψһĺ󣬾ĺܶͨ޶ûг֣ȮܹεıɫȣҲľҶߺǼؼѹ
ڣǲʱˡ
ˮľĸʵӱʼ
ԭУôܵģ
ģʽɷݡ｣
ˮľᡣ
ոѧģʽѧէ˱ˮľҪǿ٣
ʵϣˮľӦñϮľҶ岢ʱ˸ǿŶԣΪʲôˮľӦôѣ
ʵϼʵǿľҶ̸̺֣Ȼûȫѹ
ΪűøǿˣȻĸأģʽʱȷʵԵʱô衣
Ҳȷʵ޿κεĺ֢ˮľѾǵζսˣҲطҲͬԴģʽսҩʦ
ϤˮľսӦӴҲǲ⡣


721 ͳ
ֻͫǺǿڰǹǿ
ûֱ֣ܹ֮ƻͫ϶˾壬޵ڴ
޵ļȲԼǿͨޣֱӲͳָսǿȻġ
Ҳǲжܹͷֵĵˣض൱ǿߣҲһԶԸĴڡ
ֹսУĲ˷жϣʵǵòʧԼһʹúڰ񶷣ֱʹֻͫѹʤ
ڣڳÿһ˶ս̣ЩʱҪɻܣͲô׵ˡ
鷳ǣˮľĸʹ۶׵ʵѴƷ˵ҺѽֱúڰжԷ
̸ףʹ÷֮ĵˣг䲻ĻᣬԴʱͺˣϴʹڰӵףֻҪͷˮľķͿ˲任λãĽ
£ˮľòͷ̫鷳ֻһˣˮľͿԽʱѹƣʹֳǿӡĻ
ңˮľʹ޻ת֧֮Ԯ˶Ը˼޵
žۼһˮľ޻ת֮ĿǰĺżӲ̵񾣼һ㣬ϵķ֡
ʱƵģÿʹһΣӵĻڣҲʹûа취γķġ
޻ת֮һͬȫɲܻģĹȻ޻
ӡȻųǣҲܵģ
ݡ｣Ǹǿպ׶գ޻ת֮ԼȻ׶룬ԶЧ൱
ҪɵģЩʵв
ˮľȫʩչ£ѹòֿܣ滺޻ת̫֮ɵľ޴˺ȱˮľϵģӵиĵ
޻ת֮ƬӴ򣬾һƬ䶯ʯɭ֣ԶԶȥʩչľݡɭ֮һֻƬɭֲīɫɫ
СΧ֮ڡʱǿȵʩչˮľҲеԲȻԣڴˣǲ޶˷ˡ
ӵеĻУԳɰ˹ͽԽսԽ£ĸʩչ۶ݻʵͻ䡣
׾ɻô
޷жǿİ׾ΪʲôʱûйæɶκͽǶӦòǼ˲սǾ˵Ƕ˸мֵĿ꣬š
ˮľ̾һһ
ļһ˰ɣ
ˮľգһöݡ｣֣пת˵Ĵ͸˷ݡ
һӣ｣ĻߣԼٶȳ˵
ˮľ̾Ͷһ㣬ֲٿ绹ԶǲֿײתļɡŵûôҲһ̣ڸһḻˣӦҪǿ١
ǰˮľʵͻȻ任λ޻ת֮һ͸ɫâĹԽ
ʲô⸿󡭡ԣиռã
֪
ˮľЦһ
ɻȥɣ
ʱõˮؿĹӽ
ԶضĽ⣬ҧʳָ֮ͨ˲ʩչһֻӴӲз｣ǰķϡ
һֻͨޣҲȵ˵
ֻѲ𣬾޴ķݡ｣ֱӻͨзȥƲΧҲ˼֮ײڵϣȻȻ
޴Ĳ籩Ѹţķиϵƻŵÿһ壬ϸ˺ضܹĹؼһﳹ׸ɵ
ըƽϢ֮ˮľ˲ߣʬȻٴָ޻ת֮ɭǰƶ
һˣһսݣԲ˵˵ѡ
ûͨޣҲ档
ҩʦܹ뵽õϴ޻ת֮ˮľȻҲԽԼķӡܺúõϡ
ֻôʹãѹʵ̫ˡ
֧ţϸҪĸ֪̫ķѾˣˮľòĸʵЭС


722 ׹
ķӡֻǷ⸿ԼӡγɵʱԵĸϽ硣
УսǿҪԵһȵģǻֻظĵܹٻߵ
ֻҪ֧ŵסͿγսѭ޸ȻĥеǿС
⸿ܹƵжǲܹʹͨȡӳ
ԣ⸿󣬱ԼӡĲЧʱⲿĸţһٽɵ
ĽҲˮľϣһ˳
һʱ½һء
ʱƣսԽԽ
ȻˮľַɵȻҲܹɵ޵ȵȡ
ңˮľͨޡˮĸȻرһգһֻͨ޻á
ˮľˮµ鷳ܾ˵ĺرˮľͷ޴ˮͨ
ǱһĺͻȻˮ棬Ϊͨ޺ЧɵС
ս֮ͨ⣬ҲˮǿǿȻſԿһĺڰͲߣˮʲôģα˹ЮȻֻ䱾ܶѡ
ֻĿܣ䱾ѾˣȻٱһΣôһͣ٣͹ˡ
һöݡ｣˲еĻԣ֮õ壬ˮľϡ
ڶ
սܳɹôȥҲĿȫɵ
ˮľͽĿͶ
Ͼ޻ת֮еƺûʹ̫ǿͫˣǲҲǱѹ̫󣬵ƲˮľͲ²ˡ
ⶼӰˮľռȶļƻжʣµ˼޵סˡ
ˮľ׼һʱһĪĲ˹
ף
ˮľֵؿܵˮ棬һ˪֮Ĵӡ
ڣȻѾһʱˣû䵽̶ȡ
ѵ˵
ȵˮľؿ಻Թ˲ϾǲβԵƣɭ亮Ĳϵ˷ӣԭԵĺ棬ܿһı
ʲôã
ݷΧ̫Ȼˮ̶ֳȣԶûдﵽ˵ĳ̶ȣѵ˵ΪֹԼ޻ת֮Ҳ˵ͨ
ȻЩͣ޻ת֮ƵȻԸ˺
ЩԾСһ㣡
ˮľƬ̣ȻһûвսԶԶع۲߶ʵӽǣڰ۵Ĺ۲£սĲһࡣ
Ƭ֮Ȼһˮļ̌ͷϡ˴ˮľ޴ˮ򣬾Ө͸̫Եӣøҫˡ
ԭǴ⣡
ˮĺֻйĲβıݲ󲿷ֶע뵽ϵˮȥˣԭûʲôвѾҪˮľ˵͵ˮڿٱһ
Ͽ뿪
ˮľںǲβߴȻѸкĸʵҶɽԼԳɰ˹ʹ÷֮ߡ
ֻۡʯ콵ԣǱ콵
ˮľһ˫ƽ̯ڲٿϱȻѾ¶ˣòСˡ
ˮľεЦЦֻ۹ȻǿԭΪ㣬ԭڱУҪһ򾡡
Һ÷ֵ磬ȵء
ĿӦ˰ɣ
֯Ŀȷǲ׽β޻ֳΨһβ߱ȻΪĿꡣ
ֻôıҲ°ҳࡢһʬ
٩٩˻Ҫȵġ
ﻢˣȫβ޻ͻᱻβǲӣβϬȮǷཱུ壬Ҳܲϵġ̩ɽѹˣ
ôı֪˵ʲôˣĳ˳ܲס
Ҹô죿
޴βж㣬ڸǱ鶳סˣҪֵβϮû취ӦԣͽȻŸʴǿҺֻԱ޷ˣû롣
ԣľ˰
޻ת֮Ѿ˲ˣˮľ۶ףβעڣģʽȫյȻ׳βĲ֮һİɫ飬ͷϳżӲĽǣ֫㣬β͵;޴֣ͷű׹ķ
֪̽ǲǴţҺú֤һ°ɡ


723 
ռ˺ˮȻñݶɼӲĴ򣬽Ĳ֮£׼·βߵλ
޷ݿһôһԼͷϵʱʲôо
ٶȲ죬Ϊ̫Ĵ
ƿ£ٶȱ廹Ҫ첻١
ûеɭĺѾ˲סشҲáҲŵá
ɪɪԲˮľβ޴ʼ٣ԽԽ죬̶̵ľڣͱһѸݵ⣬ײ׹ı
βӲĽײϱ˲䣬һײ𣬴̶Ĵ͸˵ĿֲԶսĿɿڴؿź޻ɵײ̶ֳȵͲķˡ
едˣ
βӴײϱ֮ˮľȻһ٣˶ͻȻͣٺͲϴľҸƵϮݶˣˮľòҧأΪҲΪ˷ֹܿƵҪͷ
ȫĹͷҲھҵб
ڶһײˮľгֵ׼ûʲô䲻ʧصļ
ֻΣûн
βӲĽǲ޴ıĴݣ̫Ӳı棬һĹ֡
ˣھ޴ײУΪ޴ͣȻû飬ڲҲһǵһصѺڲӡ
Ȼͣһ£Ȼûбơ
ǲһ㣡
ˮľź̾һ
ȻԶˮľмӲԷ˲٣βĽֱӹĲ֣Ѿѿļ󣬵ԶĲȴȻ
󲿷ֱıȻǿɱ
ˮľ׼ʱ·һͻȻ޼ɵӵĲˮľ벻ע⵽ѡ
㣿
ɫĲؿߣȫѾͨ죬ҪıĿˣѪܴ籩¶ģʹ˰Ŷݼס
ˮľǲң
ؿǿľʹ沿һЦݡ
ʱôҲҰޣ
ðɣ
ˮľϣȷʵﻹһֻҪͿԸıսֵĹؼ
鷳ˣһ㣬ҿŲסˡ
ʧģţ
ˮľͷ˵ŵİŶݼףȷʵǸǿҲԶԿӳ½ı򣬵ڣˮľҪսģҲֻһˮľѹյһݣؿĿǰ㹻ˡ
˫ֺ£ȫеؿϻƣ˫ǰ졣
绢
ɫĸѹ۳һ͵Ļ״ޣϷľ޴ȥ
ˮľҲʧʱٴη
жݡ˫
Ĳˣ˳βĽٴǰֱֹڻ˽һŵĲֱ
ͬʱؿĹҲ֧Ԯ
ɾ޴бѺܲı˿ֲȫ֮£Ȼ꣬˳űը˷䡣
ΧսҲв򱻲
С
ˮľźҡҡͷ
ʱһƬѵʯγɾ޴ڱŶβ˵вͨ˵ѾȻı飬ͬʱһֻ޴ܳԶܵˮľﶼһ
ˣľҶҲʼʹ÷ǿݣڻߵͬ顣
һֻ޴ġĵսȻ˲壬ϸСķʼ˵ͬ顣
еõ
ˮľž޴βϵ
㻹𣿡
һѱ鱻ǿƴƣ¶·Ŵؿ
ʱˣʱʹϾˡ
֪ˣ
ˮľͷźȫ֣ɫӦûʲôΣա
˺
ôĿɲܾôˡ
һʵؿʱȫĵطŽ˵˳
ӡ
ˮľҲΡ
ЩΪѰ
ľˣ
ɫЩãղ״β˵ʱ̣Ͳܷսơ
ãֹߣβҲˣΪˮľӡ˵ӦҲûôָ
ôߣˮľҲΪѣû취ԼߣΪ˱Žߵģʧȥսβʵڲ÷Ųܡ
ûΣ׾ͺھ˭ڻҵսˮˮľɲĽǺ˽ˡ


724 
ԭһƬ͵ľ޴ֻһѻǱڡ
׵ĲֺˮûнΪˮľܵ˺úúõġ
ˮľſ˸֪ͨİ۹۲죬Ҳûҵβټ
ô᣿
ˮľɻûзֳʤôͿʼˣ
ǲƵβ䣬ܹ뿪ˮľһ㶼֡
дۿ֮βޣͨԼʵ̫ˣֻҪǲʹԶȻٽβͨ뿪Ϳ˲佫βߡ
ҲˮľΪʲôβϣԭ֮һΪʵû취ҵʹԼӡôǼ򵥾ܰ쵽飿ֻҪԣǲܺԥ˺βһ뿪
ˣˮľûиɵʣµλûпӰѵһγͻôͷβؽ
ˮľɻؼ˰֮ͻȻ
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ңűǱߣҲ˾޴ѹ۵Ļ˱ˮľҪǿƾСϺͳŵ壬Ҫȡʤ治ס
Ҳӣеǰ취սֻһ֯ĳҲѲİʯԤϡ
һˮľҲ׼Ҳִ֮ĵжǿǲܹ£һеʱ᲻뿪
Ҫȥ֧Ԯ

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ҩʦǵĲЩվԼ߲ԶĴǲ
ôˣûнȻҪô
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ҩʦЦһŲŽŲ΢Զһڵλá
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725 Թ
ľ񣬱׶ݡǧϮ֮󣬳ɥʧ˱ըܹٿˡ
Բ׶ƻ֮󣬳˵ϴĿƣشϵ
ҩʦǲʧȥȤǲڲԶʱ򣬸̫⡣
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һ·ֵҩʦ͵ϴĻ壬ͲҪˡ
׼ĿǲȫвһᣬȻɫǲǰ
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۵ԹޣûڼǲʱЪ˹ĵɱ¾ҰûƵļ̸֮ж
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⣿
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֪ȶ򣬴Σյĵ⣬ߵǲߵıԵ
ߵٶȣʹǲĿⶼԶ׼ϲתƷλ۽ȫĶ
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ˣżǲʱʹǧǧǲķӡ
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Ҳûʲôˣֵ˰ɣЩ꣬ҵĶͣһֱúûر㰡
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׹⽣ǲʬ壬һֻֻѻŹзɢۼڲԶǲ˵ӰС
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˼Ưڿеǲѵ¶һ˿
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ơ
ԭЩɫΧĻƬƬѣ˸ղдеïܴ֡
ǲĻΪǿ¶ȻùҲǲٴʹãֻ˺ܴ󣬵ȻǲҲ˲Щˡ
鷳ǣ¶Ч̫ˣ伫ޣֻȫԸܳɹǲһ㶼ڼľ롢ʹǿͲдۻ
ǲĻɲֻһ֣ͨҲΪǿУʩΪĻĭǲΪõĻ
ͨ顢ԼдۻһЧƾǣƾͨ嶯Ǽ򵥵ָ񶯣ͿԴߵˡ֮С
ȻǲƽˣͰȫˡ
ؼϾͶǲ۵Ͳдڷ糵ǰٴһ
ʵûǿ٣ȴǰһ޴


726 
ȻǸѪҹǸžĽֵžƽʱҳ̵ǵĵƻҲȫȻûС
ꡢǾꣿֻһֱû䣡
ڻؼҵ·ϡ
¶ϾǻȫܵǲƵ¶ռ䡣
ҪҪ߰ʮּɴ⬣ҲҪǲ־
һɲĥʽǲҲˡ
Ҫˮľ¶֤߰ѹŽʮͳͳһ飬Ÿȥʵûʲô⡣
죬ǲ͵ܵһ˼һĹȥɡ
Ϥļţ߹ءĻȣլľչļ䣬͵Ĵ
һǲ֣顣
ϤǲλεĳѪ
ĸѾѪУƺûʲôʹ࣬Ե쳣ƽ
ˣе
һ˦ѩ׵һɫһ
սʣǲ赭д˵š
ǰ
¹͸ĵϡ

ǲüͷӦЩϡ
ĳޣô㣿
Ҷ֪ʲôҿƵġ
͵ûпԶǲԴ˸еؿǲǲ١
ΪΪʲôֻٿĸӡԭģļ䣬ֿʼˡ
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УҲԽԽԣҵŭɣ
á
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ʱͲдö˻ʧı׶ˣҲλͲд۵ֻ÷ʣչ¶Լ֮ǰڻ뾫ʹ÷ĸ

ǰĲԽԽ
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ԼȻżȴٶ͵ߣûϹȥ
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Цá
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ͷ
Ѿ͵ȫĵطˣǲǲͫҪ군ˣҪ˵ƴµģ
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ӵаۡ۲ǿ꣬ˮľ鱨ԴҪЩ飬ֻܰá
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Ǹɵ˼ĿܡԼһڻңʲôã
βûסң
ˣľҶʦȴͽ޹ʧС
Ȼֱ˲࣬˵Ĳ٣⻹ǸֺԼ˰˴æĽ
ⲻ㣬̫ǿˡУΪ飬ǣ̫ľڵĻܻ᲻һ
ҡҡͷûٶ͡
û꣬֯컹ڸҲӦǱ߸ȥ֧Ԯϣû¡
ͷ
ǸϽȻȥǱ߿
Ѿǰˣϣһжܹ˳

һֱΪ֧˾ôȥǶôĴ
ֻ˲Żᶮ
ͬһ񣬹վ˵ۡ
οҩʦֵͬ飬Ҳû˻ĶС
ʧǵҩʦȻû̫ǱܵؽϴĻջأ滻ڵĿƷ䣬ɴĶױҩʦ˽
ҩʦж֮ǰѾľҶ׷ǰˡ


727 ƽ
ҩʦûĿܵĽֻԤһ£ķʱܾܲܽ˵ˡ
ĸܣһ£ȷʵûᡣ
ڶ˰
ҩʦ¶ɬЦݡ
һ˲֪룬ǹ¶ԺĸҩʦҰԼɱʱ
ԼҩʦϣһΪԼҵյĹޣ־ŲصĲ£һжˡ
ԣŻᱻ赱õĹ߼˻
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ٴι۲ҩʦĿȻûʲô֣һдȻ޲ĵ׵ΣзԽԽǿˡ
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ͷ
ݣ
ͬǲˣΪʲôеӵпдۡͲд۵ʣеȴûУѪͳ۽Ͳͨǲ岢ûнĴͳ
ҡҡͷ
ޣ׼񲨶м˱ԵԸǲ˸вܣԶ׼ġⲢȫܣֻǼС̫ˡֹǰޣϣκжһ飬Ҳһ˲ϲܿͲдۣȻֿԣ͵ԺԲơ
ԣΪҩʦˣ
ͷ
ǹƽģ̫ǿȻиƣȻƵóĽܲɿҲһ򡣡
˵׿ͲдۣӵȻ
ô˵Ҳ̫׼ȷֻһֿܵưɣ
ЦЦڽ͡
ʵף޵ܹģ˻Եܹʲô
Ӿա¶ЩͫļֵˮľʵڲߣǱָ̽籾ʵͫ˴ѡ
ϵʵĴʵ̾Ϊֹֻļޡ
ͲдʵҲֻһӵԸѡ
ĵ׵ʵԱԻͲдۿѶҲԽߡ
ЩûʵǲˣܹͲдۣõܸͫ档


728 ǣ
Ҳ̽һֶΣ̫ƻƽǿԽԳ֡
ҲԸһľɵóһЩ²⡣
̽ΪвĴڣʵ໥Ӱ죬ȷɵġ
ޡҲҪϼµĿ־壬ǿдۡͲд۵Ҫ
ƫִľ񣬼֧ţҲ
Ƶľ񲨶ڴͬСԸõͲд۵ͫҲһ
̽Ķɱ¾ʹͬʻɱ⡣
ʹˮľΪȻϴͬʹȻͲд۵ͫһޣȫǼǿսȻܵˡ߾ϣ
Ͳд۵̶ֳֻͫȣ
Ҳ̫СǲѪ޽Ǳˡ
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ʳסС˼ʹϵĿꡢĽʡ
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еģ᲻ϣ⣿
ʱҪʱЩߣԼЪᣡ
ϵķӹ᲻ҲĽ԰ĳУ

ÿһ־ֵϧǿҵо͸ҪͨճǾ󲿷ǵΡ
ЩȻԸʵ̫ӣûĺС
ҪЩдۡͲдۣ˵ǳ˵ΣҲ׶١
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Сģڽ䱾Ŀչ¶
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ҩʦͲдۣ϶ѭԸͫдԭ˵ľʵķӦ
Խ򵥣ԽΣա
ٴο˰ۣǿ˲Ĺ䣬á͸ʵ

һѪֱðͷ뻤޷ڵ۵ĸ֪ΧĲǰһࡣ
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ֻǴԼľͲдģˣ治֪ǲѪ޽Ȼֱ仯
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ǰǲ²ôһԤԣҩʦǿģ
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ľͻȻ뵽ʲôɫ䡣
˵Ͳд۵ͫǸߵ֪ʵģ
ҡҡͷ
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ˮľûв´Ļҩʦӵедۣԭ˺ܿǸԱҼ豻ͬԸȽųļһͲд֮󣬻õͫҲӦúԸйء
ʵ˵һʼҲͷԣڡ
ҩʦ˫ֽӡ
ҵһЩʹõķ˵ûӵԤߵĿǡû뵽ԤУһôǿ


729 
ҩʦܹд۽ΪͲдۣȻԲǺܴ󣬵ҲԤϷΧ֮ڣû뵽ǣȻúҩʦôϵͫ
ҩʦҰ֮ǰҩʦһֶûеĶѰ֮̽Ϊǿҵġ
ΪĵĴ֧ҩʦܹͲдۣˮľҲǲܽܡ
ǣܹǡþôʺҩʦԸҲ̫ˡ
ꡢ˺صУֻҩʦظλãͻȻһű֯һҪҩʦһ
˫ħ֮ˡ
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Ҳ˵̫֪࣬ԽϸܾԽΣա
ô
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Ҫҩʦ˵κλҲҪ룬ȫ־ˡܶôҪĲģôˣóսĥҪͶȡɣûô
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ʶˮľΪɵ˵ȷʵ൱ΣգһĻҲ˲Ҵ⡣
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ĿǰͫܣȿԽһЩ˲֪鱨αװͲдۡ
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ڶֲ̫ˣ鱨Ϊ㡢رˮľȼ֮ߣֱС
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鱨Ҫ㹻ϸ׼ȷģɵ룬ͫҲܽ֡
һԶ׼ƣǾǳͲд֧ŷΧ֮ǲʵֵġͺñǲҲֻһûĿռѡ
ˮľ֪ͫôģƺû̵̫ĿΧڣ֮С
ڶǿˮľ֪ҩʦδѧЩ
ԣ֧ͫŷΧ֮ڣҩʦǿˮľ֪ǿ״̬˻岻ȫԼͨޡ߶ܲƿ֮УҩʦĸսѾڶˡǿΪˮľṩԼ䱾Ǵڵģ䱬Ҫ¡
⣬ҩʦûʽţԼиǿĳЩĳЩֵѪ޽˵ģһ
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ֻΪҩʦһͷӣʲô棬ȻҲûʲôҲֻܵԻһ
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һеĿɱһ˻ǻῪЦһϷһǶƭĳɣ
鷳̶ȣܱˮľеĻ鷳Ҳһ֤ʵˮľĲ²⡣
дֻۣба᪵Ʒôֲ֮󣬲ûпͲд۵Ŀܡ
ҩʦĳɹ侫ʿܻȫ棬ȫˮľ汾ҲṩƷʲ֧š
һҪԭǾҩʦܵȻϮΪء
Ѫ޽д۵Դͷֻۡʵǲһ̽Ĳ
ܵȻϮʵҲȻ֮һ̣ȻأͲд۵ĿԾҪ߳١
˵ôΣգǿƹ𣿡
һ߶ҩʦĹһʵ
Ȼԣ϶ԵģҲʩΧƣʹ˷Źô
Ź
ҩʦЦһ
ǲǸʲôǵһԼɣ


730 ѡ
꿴һ۴Բѵҩʦ
ڵȷʵǿҪһģǲ̫Դˣ
ȷʵһǿͫ
һųԱļһΪӭˣΪԼϼ棬ıԼϧίȫĿȫǣҲҪȫӭ˵ͲдͫҲӭҩʦĳЩԸ
ڵĿ飬ҪЩһֻܼϡ
ҩʦĴôСͲϸıݣĿҲһδĥڼ
ڣһ˵ľΪУԼΪĿĻˡ
Ϊ׷ߵҩʦһֱѭĵ·Ӷ̽ԴѪ޽ȵȣȻ＼ںϵʵֲﵽ״̬
ӦʧˣҸš
ԭҩʦ̳˴־Ȼʧճ
ڣҩʦ˸ӷֶΡ
ԭһ£ԺҪоһˣ
ҩʦؿԼµս̬
ҩʦʱӳֵ϶ʧһҪ֣ȺͷҪײ֪ٱҩʦ̳˴ĲƸҪжѡ
ӶѪ޽ġߡȡ˼ԼӦáӵеġʳߡ
Ͳд۵ͫǲܽչ£ǲǻһµķߣպÿԼڡ
һ˲䣬ٿȻѵ˵Ǳʲôˣ
ѾȻʴôô
⿪߽ͣ£򲻻Դ뿪֮ĻǺܷģû˻Ϊҩʦܹڱοռ֪Ľ
׼ʵʩʱͻȻΧɫһ䡣
ʲôʱ򣿡
ˮľŤͷһΧ˺һ䣬ȫˡ
ҲǸǺõġ
ǲ˵Ϊ궼ǵԼʲôʱħк󣬲ŲԼƺʱȴȫȻ
±һ򾡣
ľЦ˵
Ͳдۻǿ󣿡
źҡҡͷҩʦôǿˮľΪҩʦӦԲŻӡ
Ƚ⿪Ҫˣֱʹ
ãҪô
տڲĬĬԭƽȵۣͻȻʼ޴ΧĲٳ۶ȥ
ֻܶҪòһγȻάֲȥ
ռ䣬˲ͱƿ
ۻƻõֱ˼飿
ƣʹȫͬĸ۱һ㣬ƿ϶׳١
ҰﲻæˣСġ
˵꣬ȻصڵϣȫѾһգܹάѣѾ־ᶨĽˣϾֻһĻܹƾѹ
Ϣ
ľݸΧĹ˵Ļ̫֮󣬾Ȼûѹ
ľԥ֮֮ܲ׼˵ˡ
ʶҩʦ˲壬Դˣұ߼ͬ嶼ʧ
ô
ϣؿŲƵĵˣʧˡ
ʹŵҩʦͻȻܳһĿǿмҩʦģķߣȻԼٶӴܡ
ȷʵ൱ЧǲĴһ㡣
غͿҪ׷ʱһ˫ֻûں޷˺ǰ
ըҩʦͲӰ
뿪ô
طˣ״ľ߽꣬ҪǲҪ
ң
æֹ۵ʧع̻ûннӴˣᱻɲԿǫĲһͻᱻɡ
ô죿ıȣ
ܽţһʱ᲻ˣӦòΣˡ
ðɣȥˡ
Ȼеʱ䲻Ҳ˷һЩҲ֪Ρ

ŵֵܣн֮ǲ۽ڵѪҺǲ˫ۻظ
ɱ¾ͬΪ˻ҵҲΪ˶ȡҵͲдۣøǿⶼô
Ľټ٣˵ʵòúȷһ¡
ȻģҪȻǲֵһʵΪʲôֲֵֻܹܻ֮ͫͲдۣ


731 ˫
ǲʵ̫졣
Ϊ֪ϢSǲȫͬĸڣʣܵǲҴ档
һȻһĿе˼飬Ҳ̽Ͼ²ؼ
ôǲҲΪ֪ʵŲɡ
ԴӳΪ֮ʵʵľһ˵ǲ岻ɾжѡ
ô룬̽綼Ҳһܹһ㡣
ʵ൱ڰľҶӴ壬ܹӰ֮λģΪ峤ͬʱҲǲǲĸ׵ǲ֮⣬Ϊڶ̾Ӣ
ǲʵһСģ̽ս㹻ˣȴ˼̽ǿߴ棬رɱ⣬Ҳ̫벻ͨˡ
ǲָһ¾̧ͷޱǲ
ȻкܶʣȻѾˣôɱ㣬ܲǴ󡣡
ӡٴηѾ֪ǵڼʹˣǲԼΣЩľˡ
ڣѾԼ֮󣬺޺֮ǵӲʹܹڶʱڴȼǿԼʵ
ղŵĻԾƽ֣˭ҲûȡþԵƣ֮£ǲռһˡ
¶Ͳд۵ͫͫļ֧ŵѹҲС
ǲڼ·磬ھԵľϣǲ
ǲû̫ȵ£ܹɫҲ
ԣҪ˸ôΨһܹдۣȴȻûлãĳҲˣ߹ˡ
Ӻûֻ֣֮Ҫɱ㹻ˡ
Ҽʶһ¡
׼׵ǲó׶ݲûбĳ˿ơ
ǲǲݣһҪõĻԼΪֵĻɿ
ȻѾǲʵָ߹ˣǲЩСǲ츳
Ԥ֮һǲٶԱǲҪһء
߶Ծٶȿ졢㹻͹˵ġ
ٶƣռгϵƣȴܹȡʤ
ÿÿǲߵͼѹ˶һ֮ȻûиЧɱˡ
ǿ˰
Ƭ̵ͣ٣ǲ΢ĨȥϵĵѪۡ
ռƵĵҪԶԶǲ
ȻٶȱȲǲս츳ʱֵ쾡¡
ý壬շתŲ֮䣬üΪ΢СĶܼ䲻ݷصֵĹǡǿӦſ籩һĽ
иġ
ǲҧʳָ˫ֽӡ̾ͨʹһλεĳġ
S
ǲü
㻹ļ̳еĴŲ㲻Ϊһѱͻɣ
Ҫģӵд۵ǲˣֻҪʶΣڼϰûѧ
ĻȻЩԲѣһϵȷʵܹһ㣬ûʲôżĽ͸Ӳڻ¡
ΪЩҶʲô
ԴӼʶĽسߡǳʮɵ˫ֽ֮ǲͷȣɱ¾սеʵ̫ˣжΪ
һıǲд۹۲÷ǳϸֻܹԼ׶ʹǧеĺýʵҡ
ľˮľŪѪĲһѺýڶѽıȻ鷳ˣϾҲˡ
Ȼϰ˺ܾãһֱû֮ء
ڣ˴ĲSǲ˺þõ˫ֽʵսĻᡣ
׳棬ʵ׹ԽԽǿϷ̵ĲʾĲ
ɫƫ˷Ѫȫ̬仯׶ǧԻƷ
SҪȺ콣ö࣬޼᲻ݵԣϿնʵεʱЧԲԲŴ򲻴β״̬˵β¡
ⶼԵģϸĲSǲɱ˲ֹһ
ųӰʼıսȻղ۵糸Ͷ֮䣬˸Ե
ǧУ׹⽣׻籩ǲѹƵü޻֮е񻰣߸ġ
ӦԵǲȻû̫ܵصƣϵ˿ڲ࣬ԭƮݵѾ˺üüطҲ׵յýڡ


732 ˫н
ĳ汻ѹƵĻɵĺͺˡ
һʵ⣬֮״ĶԱȡ
ǲսҩʦĿӰͲȵĻ壬ھϴսһ廹Ǿ񣬶Ѿ״̬ˡ
ǲҲòȥˮľǰͳһܺնùˣѿǣȻϮδ
·ϸˮľʵһ¶ںǲԾ¶ʹ˲˵ķѾġ
Ҳʱ·磬϶ദܴȻ̫أʧѪʹҲӰʵķӡ
ǣǲ屾Ͳã޿ɾҩѪ̲ѾΪˣ״ǰʣ޶»սǿС
϶ǲˣڵǲȫ־ǿš
ΪʲôϣᶣǲҪӲƴ̶ǿµģĴ־־ᶨǿͲд۵ǲˡ
ʱûбҪˮľ϶жԶ߶Զ
Ȼ£ôǿСֻ۵ڲ࣬ûǲˮľʱǲֵݳͥ磿
ֻҪ֤ǲܹͲд۾ˡ
ιɱȫ壬׺ĸ׶ŹõҲֻӣ
ǲмؿͽǲôȥĻʤĿԺܴ
ֺɫľˣôˣ̶ֳֻȣ˰ɣ
Ը
һֻ޴ĳɫֱͻأس֣һȭæܣͬʱҲס˼Ĳԭҵս֣ͻȻӭݵͣ١
ܺ
ǲĿȻؿǰĳɫӰһáһֻ첲Ĳȱܹ˿ֲѹȸС
ȻǵһκִͷսҲˮľضԸβͨˡ
ʹ󣬲һӮ
ٴγǲǧиĽԸǲSܺӴʱǻһ˺ۣȻǲ֧ºܿ͸ԭɵĺܻᷴӦǲ档
Ұţ๷ĽռݾƵĴһᱻ๷ϮҪ
֪ǲѸټӴĹ䣬þ˳֣øܺҲǺ޻֮
еСˣǣǿȵսֶܹã
ǧ񣬲ĺСʵҪĲֻܶ࣬ʹǧк׶ףҲܹά̫ʱĸ߼
ǲڲϣû̫͵츳û⣬ļޣ쵽ˡ
ܺõȥ
ĵػػ
Բܺú÷ӣ־սսǱƴ̺־ʱˡ
ͬΪǲˣһ츳ǲɱﵵ£˵ʵʵܽӽǲҪǿһ㣬״ϲԲ·硣
ûлǲѪ޽ԲôƶӮ
޴ĺɫٴΰθߣĲתƣܺϿʼʮļ⡢Լǿס
ֱǿô
ٴǰϮҲ޷пܺķˣǲSҲһ
ˣɢܺմȾ֮󣬽ӴƤʹܣҪڻһ
ôֻܺǽӴôΣ㡭
ǲЩŵʵ
Բ˵˰
ܺô򵥵
ʹõʱȫҪų˸޷ܵʹࡣ
ѹ£άܺҪǿսеѣԲô򵥵ġ
ԽܵǣʹܺҪһͲдҪʹߵ
ܺʹߵػҲʹֻһ㣬ǲʱ֪ˡ
ΪɱͬԼ嶼⣬ȻͲûϡ
ԣôǳô
һʱ򣬻ãһͣˣͻóٶۡ
ǲʹ׶Ρ
ƫƫǲܺΣϢ˳ĵ˼֡
ôѾˣǾ͵˰ɣ
ܺѸݵسĳ͵һӣһĹֳ֣ʯɽ
޴ĳЮǿƬȻ޽ûֱУȻõɶأҪ׶ףܾͲֻһˡ


733 ۶
ⲻֵܹͨս
ʵǲȻûԼˡ
ƣʹΣؼԾϵĴ
ʤ־״˶ҡ
ǲûͶ裬Ĳ㣬ǲóԸͨޡβ޻ܺʹռݾƵĴһ
ɱ˼㹻죬صĳΧֶβ㣬Ͳдۿ֮ǰָֻһ½Ȼ׶ˣǡ
˲մĺˮ̧ͷ˿ϵܹ뻹磬ȻˮľͿ£ҲһЩϰʱʱΣͷΪ
һǾʹͨٻ󣬵趼ȫѹаͨޣոռ̳дŲǲûƿء
Ҵļ䡢ѰƾַǲͻȻһ˿ԭעϸڸˡ
֮
˵ѾˣмӦò˼άǲŶԡ
һϵоˮľʦβ׷Ľ׹̶һĿȻһ뵽ڷ֮غԼƤӵ£ֲΪ֪¼͸е֡
ӷѽǣһ鱨ʣʹ÷;ȴûκϸ棬ֻ֪ʮǿԿβޡ
ǲı£׼ΪѣͻȻһɬЦԺ
ôҪҵˣ
ôܣӦѾ˲Ŷԣ
Ϥľ񲨶ٴγľռ䡣
ô˵Ҳͨı׼ȷʵѾˣ飬ֲûִۣҲ̫ʧˡ
㻹ǻˡԣ㻹ô
תֻǽЧֳǿܹܣܹʵ̫ˡ
ࣿӦòɣϾˡ
ԭѾƽľ񲨶ٴη˾κˡ
սƣʱͻȻӿ˼ȲѹȸС
ȻҲµնͱװˣ
ʲô˼
㣬иӲΣգɱ۾ô˵ˮľûϸ˵
˵
ĻʱˮľԼ⿪ӡƵʱĶ
ӡǣѾˣܰѣ
ǺǺǡ㲻СңˮľľˡļһҵڣƵıʹɣ
޴ľ˲ûǲ
԰۴Ϊý飬ûŰͷβĹԸ۵䶯ǲ̱֮ķ
Ǵǿ֮һǳòִĻ
ÿһͷ­ǲѷɫߵĳǿսԿβ޵鴫
ǲһ˿˼ʧ֮ǰ֪ģǺ߿ڣȻһƬ

ˣͿβ޵İ᪴ߣΪϵ֮һͻתһֱ漰оɹԴĸǴǿĻʯ
ڳˣԭžû뵽ôͱ˿ӣ˻ûзң
Żĸ꣬ǳˡ
ɫܺĲȼһ㣬ӴʿУֳһ״־޽һȼյĻ䱾Ŀˡ
ǲû뵽ٴμ棬£˻Һõûгɹǧٿ׵廹ΪѰ
ôԾͽĿ׼
ҲĽλ꣬һҲûйϵ
ǲ˿ˣ
ˣ
֮Աǣͱĺ壬֪˶д۵ľҲˣŲغˮľҲˣҲû˰ô
ĽѾûбҪˣֽʿǰӽȴƣȼյĲſھҧܺϡ
ƺǲž޴ֶܺƸ񵲣¶յ֮͵һգһֻͷ­ıԵж£Ȼ޽裬һֻͷͱϡ
÷
᪴߳ʹ֮£ɿ˶ܺȻˡ
ػɵܺģٴο粽ǰ޽бͷ­ܲٴαնϡ
ΪɱңֻҪһᣬҾָܸԭҵ꣬ͺǲΪһˣܽһɱӮĿ϶ҡ
ʹ̼˴ԣʣµͷ­ӽҲս


734 ˳
ڵĲһռƵġ
Ȼ᪴ߵͱǲȫܺҪһ㣬ĶͷߣȫװܺĶ֡
ǲ״ãܹõȥľ񶼱ɣӡִĴ裬ѹסǲ־ѾЩˡ
ϾʬתʧܣоԷ֮֮ӡʵȻǲĶ֣Ҳֻ֮󣬲ҵȡĿȨҪȶҪһʱ䣬ƫƫǲǿС
ȻĶ֣Ҳܹǲĵɽˮĵزôռ˱ˡ
ûõģɱң
һͷ­ϣе㾪ŵĴе
֪㲻ɱĵܵܣȻ֪ôģҲԸίԼҲҪǲԸȫ壬϶ԵܻܵϲɣϧѾҵĶˡ
ûлӦǲͲмںһϻٴαɱļһѴࡣ
ȫʢʱڵĴ裬Ҳܹ͹עһǲһ£ڣʵűϵĲ࣬Ǿߵ͵ĺ蹵
һͷ­泤նϣʣһİ᪴ߣҲһγϣҪԲҰճˡ
ִ治֪㵱ôִ£ԭΪ԰ѼʹӵڿҲˡ
һͷ­ɱᴩ˵ĴͻȻɫһ䡣
ԣǷӡѵǰѴ
ʮȭԸȻĵȥɣ
ԭӴİ᪴ߣʮȭϴŵǿƷӡѹƣȻ׵ĺ«˽ȥ
Σͷ᪴߷һϸİ״ߣǲϾ˵ĻᣬѸٵʮȭķӡΧ
ǲҪҲǴ裬ǳô˻ǲϵӡ
֮⣬иҪһ£ǲͲдۣҪˣҿ̲ݻû㹻ʵǺڽĶȥģ
ûİ߽֮᪴Ԫ˵ǲҲòһȫܺٴɻûѪ׵ģ
˴֮ԵǲҲѡ
ǲʣˣľûнϰ볡ոսǾ°볡ˡ

һ״ߴïܵĴУʱ̽ͷΧĶǰķ
һһ֮ҪЪһĴ裬ͻȻʼ漴̧ϰ壬ڵӰߡ
裬ҰβҰܣ嵽꣬ˣ֮һû뵽䵽³
㣿ˮľû뵽㻹ңҲһǰ˭ͣˣ
аɣ
ʧЦŴ
֮ǰҩʦһ꣬Ű۱ߵĻᣬ˳ľǵСӣȻ۲˰죬ǵȵҪĶ
֮ӡԭҲ޷ɽ⣡
ʮȭҴˡ
ƺû˼ΪΪĴ
Ҿ֮ӦûʲôͻɣΪʲôҪң
ˮľ£ܴľ͵óˡ
Щǳɣ裬Ҳǲʲô֮ӦòҪЩ鷳Ľͣ
ͬȻûҪ໰ͬ˭Ҳ˵˶ԷҶ֪
ʲô
˻֣ɥʧսĴı塪״ץϡ
ٰ׷Ļˣҵǰۣ㲻ӵùġ
ԭˣҾҪô
ô£
Ĳۼת˲ͽ״ɣƬ֮ճ˻ҽ
ˮľҪϾɱʱȷʵҪʱ˳ˡ
һɽݶһ̨磬ֻһݣˮľҪؼڵԼУԼͬࡢҲжģʽĴ裬Ĳȶء

һصĵ¶Ѩһܷľ޴УһʮһĺڷͻȻ۾
ƤԲ԰ףü֮䣬мִƣɱ¾ԡĵϢ
ѾôȻû漣
ʪ壬ʮܣӿŻ֣Ѹٽ忾ɣȻץһ׼õ·ϡ
ӽ쿪ʼҾͽ£
ȡǵ֧ĵλӦߡ
ȻҪȡҵˣǾȥɣ
ݲ԰εˣͲͷˣóô˻ᣬԴ̨ǰ˵Ļ󡭡


735 켣֮
ڣ̫Ƿǣ֩ü͵˿߲ķɳ棬ûаѵĻᡣ
嵽ꡢڶĸ࣬ô޷ƿԼˡ
ʶʱѾ̫ˡ
ʲôˡʲôȻʲôԵʵ̫ˣôֶܱ
ǴǸĹߣ۵ͯȴ˵ͨ˸ͲĻ
һУ޹ϵòȥΪ衯ƤһεĻᣬȻصޣ
ˣû˳ӵıҪͼΥ޷
ôһ
δɵ飬ܻ˭ɡ
ԣ˵İţ
ۡ
̽ܲ𲻴󣬵ÿһж˸ˣôְܽڲǴĸ֮Ҳǻ۶ϤʵľǿߣӲԴС
Ҫлˮľ鱨׼ȷԤԣǸϼһװŪҲҲǸһ֪⣬ӵδĳߣ̽Ϊʲôļһڣ
磬ûʲôǺġ
һеһУ̽綼Ҫĺ壬ǹһƴͼ
˵޷ѵģÿ˶˵İš
ԼûκδڼֵԼ̽޹ػţ
ôĻѾԽһ֪һְˡ
ҲһԴǾӵоǿߣΪԼѾԽˣԼһУⲻǰǸӲܽܵ޴
ⲻۣ
˾ģ˴ڣһ;˽̨磬νǳĹؼûоԵɡ
޵ġ֧ѡУʵҲֻ˳ӹµİŶѡ
ʵʱ䣬Ӧ֮´ĵ˵ô¡
ڤڤе־Ǿϵνġ紴ߡֲεĴڣе״̬Ӧôģ
Ȼ̭
ͼΥ˵ˣᱻų⣬ֻΪһжϺ
ÿ˶ִڱû⵽棬һֻ֣˵ķչޱϡ
˵Ļָơ׼ȷ˵ӦǴܡ
߼ĲȻΪҲпܻᷢȻı䡣
ʹϸ΢֮ɣܷȡԵı仯
һԱ֮˲ʱ˵ķٶҲᱻ
ԣҪǿв٣ɹȻ޼
˵Ĺ켣ǲܵ¡
ȻԼ˵³ʲôѡʱҲⳢһ£Ϊһ֮˳ˡ
ԭͰ̨磬ͻȻһ֮Թߣʱʱظµķչ
ˮľǵõ㹻鱨оɹ֮һ󵨵뷨ð˳
޿κε˳ˣһСˡ
ԼĿȱ÷չѹ죬ҲͲᱻ뱨ˡ
ϣçײȻӭĽ֣Ѿȫ׼Ȼĳһ
ʼµҲǲѡ
½һµġ衱Ҳڵº޹ϵˡ
ˮľȻԽԭˮľòʬתȻҲ᲻
΢תһ΢ӿɫ͸߻ƣüǵӰͷ϶񳤳һϸСĶǡ
˺ü£ûмһᣬҲ֧Ųסˡ
̫ףǲ㡣
ضǰ贴빹չֵĶһγ̽硣
Ӿ嶼޷ģʽĴ裬֮ȡеʸ
ʵҪ̵ʱ䰡
Ҳûа취飬Ҫľ󲿷һ
ڣ̽۷ģȡ˾ѵ֮һοߵø˳Ƚ

ǲŴŲϽӽþˡ
زǹǦһ޷Ų
ղŷսԼֻһģӡ
ϸѾԲˣһȷϣӡѾԶԼȥ
Ѿ˱ȡвǣûӡؼʱ̱ǿĵҲûˡ
ƣʱ򣬷ıʣҲ֪ǲǺ¡
Ȼǲ״ҲãܺΡΡģһʱҪļƣڱڵҪȽ
׹⽣ʹãҲûˣٶȺͻ׶׵ļӳ£Ȼвơ


736 
õУûܹİ취
ʲôð취ܹɱǲھԲġܾҲϧ
ô죿
Ҳתܣһʱ䣬ͿԵȵԮ
ǲҲûԼٶȿ졣
ǣΨһûлأѪԼֱˣЩԼļֻʲô壿
̧뱳̾ߴһѱ豻ֱӵ˽֮ȥȻͳʡĸҩȥһҩҲдˮľǵȫҩʣµĲ
ҩǣһŻȵĸоθѸȫӡ
ԭɺԵľʼ궯һŲʼƾӿ֣бЧҲҩ±ǿд̼͸֧Ľ
Ѿ֧Ųס壬˲󡢷һ˿
ܱģҲֻǧˡ
࣬޼᲻ݵS
ȫܺѣֻǻ״̬SǧҲǺް취
û˷շתŲĿռ˺ֻ֣ܶ࣬д۵Ķܺ
ʹߵľܴ󣬵ȻɱԷĿܡ
ǲҲд۵ģҪ߼ʹѪ޽ϴƣֻʤˡ
ǧĽ·ɣֵĺ콣ǰֵâ˸ܺһ˺ۡ
ԭӦָܹ̻ƣ֮Ҳزܼʱԭˡ
ԶԶؿⳡ꣬΢̾һ
˭ʤ˭Ϳ˭־Ӽᶨˡ
ʵռݵһûɱ⣬ƾ̬ƣǲʮֲ
밵ףѪڸǵ飬е
޷Ŀʾ˵ıźȴѾ޷ͷˡ
ҹй¶ǰУҪߵͷˡ
սԶغѾ಻Զˣڷֳʤ֮ǰӦǸϲˡ
ͳű裬£ӿֵĲԼ״̬׼һж
жûг̫ƫ
ϱܺͲֻʣһ߹Ǳ˫ָ񵲵
ʱڼҵսҲС˫ķѽĵ;лҪܶࡣ
㲻˰
һѾܾ˵ǲ֪ٴҹλصʱ򣬻ɱǲĳһ̾Ҫʱĵ׵ĸдԼԭȫһ
ܺѾṩ˱Ҫķˡ
Sķ΢֮󣬻Ǵǲš
Ӯˣ
ô
ƺȫоʹǲܺסǲֽ֣ץסһߵļ
Ҳܲˣ
Ѿˣ֮ǰ
ǲѪ
ԣ㲻ҲӲô
߱ץס޷ѣǲԼ۾Ȼԥؽۿ
ҵʹʱҽδȻҲԥضȡ
ʲôãҪˣҲɱң
ǲе
Ƭ֮ѾʶǲĻ¶һǲֱصġ
ķα̴ǲѾû·ˣʹǴ¶ʲôã
ˣսѾȥ˾ˡ
֪ľΣͷܹԼǱܵʱ̡
һƬ㱣ԭ˫ٴλصۿһָͿһմȾѪָԼĶͷ
úܺã׺ĸ׵ĳޣˣ
ԭĮȻϣѵ¶һ˿Цݡ
ǸˣҪһǰˡ
ָ䣬һѪۻĲþδһȻ󿴵ǲһʹ˲ڶ
ΨһһûαװȴڹâϨʱ
ԴӶڰУǰУ꣬ѾɳΪһٴɫꡣ
Ŀʾˣ޷ͷļ尾ֻΨһĹ⣬Ȼȷʵܹ̫Լǰĵ·
һ˾ôˣûͻ꣬ҲûΪ°
ֻǲվԭأ˵Լǰǲ
һ˰ɣ
⣬ȴظ
Ļʲô˼
û᲻ԶͬĲӦSǰŽԼ˫ۡ
ͲдۣǷ̵
вñĳУľѵһؿ


737 ǿ
ģп֪ܵˣǲĲҰĪ
жϣľӦ֪Щɵ㣬ϸڿ϶ǲ֪ġ
ΨһܹԼ׼ȷ𰸵ģֻˮľʦˡ
Ѿǰ֪Ҳܹˮľľ
û㹻ʵ֪̫࣬ǻǸ
Ͳдۣǿżĵһ
ڣߵһˡ
ʱءľ͸ոѻعϵˡ
սǽĿ˵ڵصǲҲ̾Ϣǰκ˵ĳǿߣ֮󣬺ͨҲûʲô
ȫ˺ۣȴȻͦε˷Ĳ١
û̫ˣ
ôˣ
֪һĻľæʵ
˰ɣš
ԭѾƶѾ˵ͻȻһһ㱻תڳ׵ؽɱԼ׼
Ժ˵ܹɱǲҲ൱ѵˡӣսҲ벻ˣһ˵
ȻľûеõϢ󷽵ˮľȻûмʱ֧Ԯĺܽˡ
ΨһЩģǲʬ塣
ôãǸ⡣
˵̱Ӧɰ֣ǲͬд۵Ӱ̫ˣ漰ǧ̽ŵ˽˶Թ
̫Ȼܲø⡣
룬ʹͨóһᣬȻǲʬȥ
ͨͷӡʲôʱѧģ
ͻȻʵ
ʱദʵҲһЩ˽⣬û˵ⷽس
֪ɡ
β֮¶һ˿ƣ̬ҡҡλε߽һп
Щĵǰȴֵ
ˣʱﲻʲôæˣ
Ϊ׷˶ƣ֪
㲻һ˴ɣҪҸ׵ĵط
Ҫǵɱһǹɥʧսܲƽ»˵
ʱͻȻ˼Ӱ
ǰɣ
սͨ۾սˮľ̽ĸ˹ͼѸٵؽתơ
ٰ
ǹѰԮġ
ʣĸϳŵı壬ԼƵħ񣬻Сǲ;һԻ
սάڽƵ״̬̬ƶľҶһЩ
̲ݻս֣Ҳݲ˷ʱ䣬ÿһʵǱսƫٵǣҲٽֱͻľҶˣһȫҲ̫˷Ѿˡ
͵СӣΪ׵ҽ߶֮ءˣˮľֱӴľҶֱֻӳͻս
ʲô
ոյ˾ͱһһע
ħ񣬱ֻ۵߲ٿأ
ǸһҪԸĿ꣬һ㹥ֶ̫˵ˣʱռЧ
أˮľȥԸ׾սԸǲƵβʡ

ˮľƳһ۸ոյҲ˵
ģʽֲ˶೤ʱ˰ɣ
Ҳεصͷ
ˡ
ǲҪˮľʱϹ󣬱ΧҲͳŲסˡ
ˮľʹβ޻ȫ̬ײľ޴򣬺ҲЩƣ
Ҳ͸ˣҪˮľȫҩľҪ˲ˡ
޵ܼĻڵϮţҲ־˺˵Ҳе˴ʧˡ
ιˮľǸһʲô취ˣҺλ˿ԶԸˣħʵ޷ͻơ
ҲɷŶֻܸһֲ˺ȻأӰսʱƣָ
ˮľҲùüɷ｣ˣ⣬Ҫɴ˺ǲ
ԵشȻǾҪˣ
ҲˣҪʱ䣡
е󣬶׼ʱϳ
ǿѵҪ󡭡
ҲԳһЦ
Ҳָֻǳˣ
᧿Σʱ̣ͻȻһĲ
ôˣ
ʣˮľͷһ
Ǻ£
ˮľ˵ûһ׳ҡཱུı棬ͻȻƿնѸɢؽ֧ԮľҶϡ
Ǹ֣û뵽ֺ֣
ҲͷСϵɢƵʹ
ͬʱһɾĲڣҲ˼ս


738 
ؼʱ̵֧ԮοûʲôΣвҪ˷ĵˡ
ΪĿӰֵȷʵսɱ
ͨޡȷʵҽƸߵĸ
ʵȫ棬ɸֲʹõĴΧǸıսĹؼ
תƣֺˣܹӵ׳٣ѵֵܹĲתƵÿһϣʵʩ
⣬˵ԣԺ̶ܴϻ˺ܹͨ帲סԱߡ
ڱ鼰Χʮֹ㷺Ӷ޶ȵĽ
˵İ£ֻͨѵӾԼϢ鱨Ĵݡ
ռ䴫Ȼ֮㣬ֱսҲԶԶ磬ʵʼֵֻҪ۹ߣóӵӡĸ֣Щ괢Ĳڹؼʱ̣ǲѷɫκνɱﵡ
ˮľʱ䣬ĵشӻʹϢİ壬Ҳһ׽ĸо
֮Ƶʹãˮľ嶼еԲˣ˵٣ȴȽϴļʵˡ
ˮľҲ۰Ͱ͵ľæ
һ״ΪõģɾľˣڼѹեڵϸѹʣĲĿڷʱ򣬾Ĳȫʱһ
ԣΪʲô˵ľҶη壬Ϊǿģ
ǵֻҲһ
ڣźǿûбֳܹȫѹľҶʵӵеۣ֮ȫӳʵ֮ǰûжԶԿ̽Ŀܡ
ЩյľˮľҲںսʱ򣬼ӿٶȴӺ󷽳˹ߵĽ֮ɿܵĿռ䲨֣ħӻұֱӱʶϣԭӵһֱ֯ʧռС
Ǵ
Ҳ̲ס̾
в
νҵרƻȷʵûʲôֱӵռǿˣħԱƣҲסӿռ˺ѡ
ԭڵħƺҲܵܵشʹ̲࣬סҽУԭбħĳţҲ̲ס³һѪ
ЧȷʵһֱˮľҲĹħǶ˺˷Ӧ
ĳţ
ˮľ񶯣ЩԹ˲Ͼĺ췢ӡ
ӭˮľģһƬããֽ｣˺Σؼл𱬷ɵƷıըڱˮľߡ
ɫĲܶǰˮľǰ棬󷽣ҲѸݵʹɷëǧΪˮľĿܣΪˮľųգͬʱᴩëǧڻ߲ѵˮľ
Ƭ֮󣬴̻֮ɫˮľԴ΢ˣȴԥ̤ħ
ף
һţˮľ͸оЩԾħͻȻľƣˮľץ˹
ξȻôȶȫ¶Թ
ѣ޷ЪŵˮľֻýܣȻ󿿽˵ڳǰСϡ
ˮľҲٿ˫ֽӡöԼٶȳСϣȴһֽ赲űըƿ
ˮľҪһʱħͻȻһƬ˸
ǡǻԼô
ˮľȵУСϱһŷֽţȻұ
ֽ
ûİڸжϴҲ⡣
еˮľβһζһͼֲסˡ
ǿĹһ̣ҲҪɥʧս˰ɣ
ֲֻǿҲΪó̬ܹӵѪ޵ڵħȻûǿǸ̶ȣжҲΪֲˡ
޲ɱ˵ĴΧڳűǰȻҲ޹
ʹͨٻ֮СҲ͵ֳӰ
ӣȻֹԮΪĳţˮľҲһʤĻˡ
ʧˣ
ҲЩź᲻ʱ̶ֵġ
źҡҡͷ
Ŭһ£˺Ҳ֧Ųסˡ
ǿħáٳûãԶԼҲʱһԭ򣬻оǣʵڲÿƣ޲𹥻̫Լˡ
Ҳ˼ôȴȡʤʱ򣬲ԶͻȻһĪĲ
һڵβ񣬿ƻʵԳٶȣħ
ֶƽǷѵĴһ˲䱻ƷڵأʱܴݣԤʾԭֵľ淢бˡ


739 
ͻǿʱˮľҲϲ⡣
ˮľٴζӾڱ£ٴμ٣æҵĵ˵
Ѿħ̫ά״ЩѵĳţٴαħۣȡʲôʽܣֻӭˮľϮ
һΣˮľ׼ȡʲôˣ·ʤ뾫ϵƣʹˮľѾڼ䲻ݷ֮ʱʲôˡ
ɷжݡ˫
ܹĲתΪ޻ɵܶܵĻҲֻܲȡԿ
ڹʱ򣬳ŲҪĳ֣Ѿ̫ˡ
޴ȭͷֱӴڳŵķΪĸŴõɶأԭڱħǿƵĺڰҲǿĳֱӴϡ
ˣٴαشĳţһѪ̲ס³ˮľβϣȻѸٱɡ
һѪɫڲӿˮľΧԵսѪȡ
ȻųſԿħĿܣûֱӹעٶսʽħв󽵵͡
ˣӣҲҪѲƤ˰ɣ
ǿֲʣӦҲֲȥˡ
ɫֽĺ췢ӣڻûιȥѾǳʹ󡢶ļ־İ£ǿάѡ
ȵˮľһ˵֮󣬷ӦСϲżæȥ鿴ɵصĳŵ״
ͬʱڷӦõ󣬵һ׸ߵǽǰ
ʱ򣬻ʹǿ治ֻ۵ӵߣֻ־ܲǿɡ
ˮľҲ൱м츳ˮľȫһβ޶Ҫ˱ܼ֣û뵽Ĺܹвս
ԭ޼ɵħɥʧ̫ʼ
򲻹ơƲĴһˮľҲ鷳ͣˡ
Ǿգ
ʤϵʱżȷδ˵ľѹ̫ˡ
ԭЩ֧Ųסĳţٴαˮľش֮һʱҲ̫֯ǿķ
ܹôķܣܲ磬ֻھ״кõʱ
ˮľûʤ׷һʹ÷֮ٺˡ
ĸʵ˼޵սǳʱսӸղβĴڵشôõļսϢķʹ˸սʱ򣬾ܹ֪жôΣˡ
⣬ˮľʵǣĿܣǱֻƵĻˣʲôƣ״̬ѵʱ
ӵʶʵȲǲ֮Ҳû޲ܵƣȻ
ոճֵˮľ壬ΪŤתһľ棬ϾǷʵķӻܵƣˮľ嵽ʱ򣬾Ǵƽ֡һʱ
ʱˣҿɲ㻹ؿе
Ƕܹʹ÷ӡղԾ߶мǿĿơ
ΣյļһΪſƲͷԵģȱˮľԴȻ۶ݳջ١
޵ѸݵļڵĴҷɵĻҲǼвˮľʵ˫֣ȻԴ
˼ľ֧Զٵˮľǳʤ׷һ䳹׸ɵ
ֻʣ塪ˣ
䲢ףǿҲġ
ָһĿ϶ǲʵģҪһ£һʵ׼ԼһĶλ֮󣬲ܹʱƵȷѡ

սص㼫ԶһСɽϣβͣȫβ޻˽ԼѹͲġ
ҪлӰ˵֧Ԯָܹƣܲ䲻ٵĲ̾Ϊֹ񼼡
Ҫӵ㹻Ĳ֧ţԼ״̬β¶֧Ųˣ˵ʹùֲβˡ
һԵСӣ΢Цŵͷģʽµĸ֪ܹڼķΧ֪̽ԶĶȻҲ֪սԼ
Դ͸̳֮СӣѳܹսģҲֻļˡ
Ȼûеõָ״̬βߣټģʽʵǿСӣ̫ܲףԶ֧Ԯһ£ǿеġ
ǲʱûбҪգ
ҪĶΪ̫šòβ޵
ʱšжܻܿһսԱԹ˲ϾûԮ
ʵв֣æʵǿΡŮ־˵ȵȣѵõս֣Ȼ𵽾Եãڹؼʱ̣ҲǺõġ
ܹǲô˳ġ
İɱӣΪֱβʧأӳҲƹأòսһֱ۱޵ĹըƬһҲˣ⣬Ժܻܿ˳һսС
ͬһߣֻ֫Ҫþ㹻ˣΪʦʮķӦ͵ıܱʶ壬ĲƸʹͨҽƻ＼临ԭԺʵҲۿۣҪǰһʹ磬Ҫ൱ʱĶʮߣѾʼ۷壬ǰһˡ
ΪıʣŲò㹻ǿսάֺ󷽵ķ
Ȼڣúܼңʵһûб¶׾սûʹãɶκͽǶҲ
ĿӰȻԶ֧ԮûԳ֣ˮӰڤɴû壬֯Ĳ
ܹô
ջظ֪СӣűԼ˺üʵ
źҡҡͷ
βĺܴ󣬶ңβĲȻβˮƽȴǺܳڣǶֲסˡ
β޵βԽ࣬ʹõĲԽࡣ
βĲԲһβľűʮ֮࣬βţ;βսһβغ׶ûиڿĵ
Сӣźҡҡͷÿһ˶мȡ֮֮ߵĲģӵʵˣԲʹβ޻ʱҲþˣԼʹģʽҪɶ١
ûսҾǻȥæ
ҲףǰŮӣʵԲȫʢʱڵԼȻҪһȾ󲿷̶ҪǿΪôܸ֪Сӣ޵Ȼ
֪õȴ޷ãֻͨβϬȮʹƵĸߵȼԲŻףСӣʵǱ
治ˮľǰĵӣľҶܵ̽ӰŲ
Сӣԥһ£ͬˡ
˵Գʵ񣬵űϾô˵ùȥġ
Ȼղŵβòư˴æҲܻܿĵĵ˵ע⡣
ǰǺ󳷣봦˱֮У֮£ˮľʦȽϰȫ
СӣźǣԼĿǰΪֹȻûѧ֮ȻˮľѾĳɴԼɫʱռѶȻܴСӣоһʱ󣬲ò̾ԼķӡĲ㡣
ÿԼѾѧ㹻õʱˮľʦܻ׳һǿԼúüʶһԼǳ

Сϵİ£ѵ֧塣
þûľˣʹ࣬ϵƵΣ뼴ļ尾ܣ
ϵĴԽܵġ
ţǻûʧܣ˰ɣ´Ѱһᣡ
췢ĳҡҡͷȻСϵĻֻǰοʱʧˣ޷׽㹻βޣ֯Ŀ꣬ʧˣк߼ȥǻԼô
һϲ֮ôʹ磬Ҫ
ǵսпǶԸβ޻ģʽûӦôˡ
ˮľѾԹˣҲʦľɽˡ־˵ĬˮľҪԶԸûĸɾ֮ǰܣ֧Ԯϵʱ򣬳žѾʶҪʧˡ
õ壬ǳԼĶ̰塣
˲ƽѵ˵ҳܵʹ࣬ô
ŵʣСԶԡ
ʱһɳƵ˹
Ҫô졭
ԶĽ¶μ
㣿ͬڿսôȥæ
ΪǲߵĴȻץβȻû˳βߣں˾βҲһ鷳Ķ֡
ûбҪ
ǰ
ǵˣûֻۣһУֻǰ׷ѹѡ
ԣۻ־壿
Ц
ҪѰھͰ׾ǸĻȲ˵еķգΪ˵ѡߵĽͲԼίȫ
ǰ뷨Ҫ飬Ҫļһָֻš

ĪĹЦ
ɾɲˡ


740 ʵ
ͬΪݵĲ׾ͺھʵһ塣
׾սܴ󣬵ڱʡ
ھֱӼǿսΪҶԱߵӰ켫󡭡
˷ʤǣֻҪӵһ˿񣬺ھܹѿǣܹһбĽ֡
ȻҲַ䲻͵Ϯ֪ھϸĵˡ
ŲǺھĵˣλͺ͵߲ֻ࣬ʵĿӶѡ
ڴҶĽ䣬һƺɫӰ˳ŵӹ˳ŻѾɥʧ˸оϣȻϣƹͼֳŵͷ­Сӣ˲ͱڵɫ
ʲôʱ򡭡Ȼ
һ˲䱻ס壬ȫѾӽƣߣŸھơ
Щͽ
Σʱ̣СϺԥسֽ֣｣˹ȥԭֳ״̬ľϲļһںѾˡ
׾ȻҲûкǿֱսСǿȣЩġ
֪ԼԿھҲѾˣ׾Ȼٶ¶ˣϵرá
ͬʱΪ峤ܵϮ޷ãһֱѰһҲԥɷճɻҽ
ԭһ壬սǿȫһա
ʱʹ˽ĻڵĽ֯ʧСʦڣֻץβ䡣
ľҶʧҲܴһ˵βҲûץΨһȷ˵ģǵѱǲ޶ֻ˶ѣܿҲš
ȻԼˣôսȻҪȥ
ھĳţعⷵһ㣬ʼĹԣھǿѹեڲȡħٴοʼߵСϵĹɣͬʱԼշ
Ѿںβڵľѻô
ȻҲпѾԼһߵļˣββֳǿĹʽͲܹʹóֶΡ
ɵеĳţϢҲûκ˵̽һɽȫ̯Ȼ̯˫֣ʹʷһֻرǡ
һڵ壬ӳŵƮǿٴγ֣ھ޴˺֮£ѣȻضںΧһ޴ķӡʯ֣һڲϵ׳֮С
ǲʹ룬·ɨˣҲֻǿάվȽŸĳ̶ȡ
ΪĿĵˣضŰеĵرǷ˹ȥ
Ȼŷ׷ɵʯ飬ϵԾȻûѱԽԽˡ
ô
ˮļ̌ͷϵĳţӰѾڱ˼еӣɫ޵ĺɫ˰Ļɫ
ھǻһᣡ
ܹ˳ٿһֻ۵ӵ߲ףĿ껹ԺھĽʱ
ҪˮľҲشϲļһҲô˳Ĵ¡
Ȥû뵽ô졮֯ڧˡ
ˮľû̫ġ
ʱ򣬺ھĿ꣬ӦΪֻ۶˳һ³ŵʣֵ
ˮľΪĵǲߵĸӦûûбճ̡
ֻ֮ȷʵܹ˸Ѿȥʱˣʱ򣬵ʲô״̬֣һ㻹дȶ
ˮľֻ֪۵ˣȥõߣԼӾٻĻ塣
ǲ߱ֱܹӱ۷״̬壬ǲԼ֮ǰֱӽֻ۸ˣúھʹֻ֮Լʵһϵô
ôôʵ֣˶ܳǲô
ܹΪʮβпӵϿͷ
ʲô״̬֣ˮľӦ״̬йء
һ˥϶꣬ټǣôҲܻصʱ۷塣
һͻתʵҲһơ
ĿӰǧͶĿӰǧ䡢ԼĴĿӰˮţǻ׳ʱսˣ껹ǿĿӰԳնת֮ҲֻһߴˣΪûκԼٴλص۷׳ֻ꣬Ƕһ޲л嶼Դԡ
ھвһʣ°ǲߣˮľҲһЩô
壬һ㹻֧Լǿ󣬸֮󣬲ܹ㹻ѹһзͬʱܶռβޣ̴巴Ӧ֮ǰѸٳɾʮβʩչ¶
ҹζĵսߴҲ׵ġ
ΪľǲߣֱӸ϶ǲˣھʱѾ׼ǲߵ壬ֱӸҲҪֻۣǲߣټĿǰսħҲ޼ƿʩǰ˶飬Ȼټ̽˳㽫βǲľˡ
ǲߣûл޲ǿڳɾʮβ֮ǰҲ޷ս̽硣
ռ㹻β޲֮ǰʱõǲߵĳ֡
ôھĿͺܺòˣóŲβ֣˳Ҹᣬܸܲһõս
ˮľȻ֪˭ҲЩ²⣬类ĴĿˮӰʸָɵʮأԼˮľɵĳɰ֮ЫȻˮľճ˻ҽѱɰ֮Ывϸ֯ҵȻʹĳַϾЫĸʵ̫ˣֻҪ㹻лϸȻ˾͹ˡ
ʹ˵رǣҪһ£̫̰ˡ
ҲˣҲ֪ˣþˡ
ȥ֪ʲô֡
ҲѾʯβˣεصͷ
ʼɣҲ˲ˡ
ʵҲ̫صĺϾϡ
ҲУˮľᣬҲ־˺ˣһ˸߿յĳţȫֻ۵в£Ҳֻ˲һս֮ˡ
ιСһһ㣬Ƕ޷׼ȷˡ
Ҿ
ΧҲˮľһˣάƽⶼ̫ףҪųʱʱĹţ˼ѵľ£Ҫλ˳ʹħáٳʵ̫Ϊˡ
ˮľȻһҲᱻռ䣬˭ǣ
İɣҲˣⲻ⣡
รǿС
ܹӸٳв˲ţľɽ˲֪꣬Դͷ޷֤ĿֲȻĵز⡣
ûа취ǡ
ˮľЦһ
ܵάַ״̬Ӱ켸λķӵģ
о˽Ļô־޷ƿرʱӦ״̬üԤѾ׼ˡ
Ǻðɣ
Ҳ΢ģȻתͷԼʹĲѵĵӣߴ·ȴûа취ͷʵź
ʱˮľҲҪˣӦûŲŶԣ˵ˮľϣǲһħáٳǲܹһ򾡡
־˺׼ٳʱ򣬱رץסˣ̲סʼѰβˡ
һԶƽʱֻ֪Ϣ֣Ĳÿһʶߣˢβ֪
βǲͬģǰʶβ޺Ҫǿ̫̫ࡣ
֪ڵľβֻһĻ֪ᾪȳʲôӡ
ڣѾ㹻ˡ
βͳ֣Ѿʧȥ־β͡β̳֣һԽԽࡢԽҲơ
ڲҪǱߣȸɵֻۣȻںѹơ
ǲܹʵָĻһͲдۣջˡ
֮һͷĿѣ𣬴˷ͷĿѣ
ˮľʵûһƬ֮ʲôٴĽУֻǸоһ˿ķҵĲ֮󣬾ɥʧʶ
Ϊʧȥ˿ƣԭβ޲ͳ򶼷׷ɢڰеӰۿҪʹ˵
ڴʱˮľͻȻһ˿񲨶һֻʰ쵵ĺ򣬴ˮľ
޴ĳΧɢŹŹֵĲ裬֮䣬ʹˮľҲλľɽͥŲضеΣգϵؿűھƵĳš
ǡôݣû뵽ĻȻѾﵽĳ̶ȣ
ҽ˺ܹܶ࣬ʸ񱻳Ϊݺݵָ
¹ӰԼǿݺݵżֻи̶ֳȵҽǵҡ
˾֮⣬ҲǰҲֻܺǵ͵ݣڴİ֮Ҳûмʶ
ɾֵС
Ȼǰ˵ˮľͨ鱨û뵽Ѿزˡ
ݵûʵһжѣҲȻͨҲ֪֮ꡣ
սУҲúˮľʸ


741 Ϸ
ħáٳ֮󣬱ˣᱻ뾫ռ䣬ڱľɽƵʯ֮󣬲ŻѣǸʱ򣬵ѾٱĽˡ
ҲˮľȻҲӲߵ־˺ʩչһʱˡɥʧ˶Ŀơ
ˮľľִȴħƬ汻ӡš
ִܵƵģˮľɥʧ֪ʱ򣬾ͻᷴӹܣʱȹΣյʱ̣徫񱻲ߵ׻Ϊյĺʰо֡
ڣˮľһνִԻ
Ҫһ㲢ףûͲдˮľֻ԰֮Ϊ쵽ʺʹãҲǻ˺óһʱųɹֻھռ֣ǿԼǿԻķ
ֱõħƬɹ֮󣬲ڵĳɹ
ˮľִǱһӡ棬ǷӡһʧħƬ֮У֮ͨӡԼľϵ
ĴãҲΪĳЩ޷˵ʱֹܹ޷ƵʱһӦֶΣ϶ܹãִȻܼͣʶһģʹݵʱ򣬻һЩƣܶԼسͺһʹˡ
־˺һе֣ڽŵľֻ֮кھΪݵĲڷ濹Լߣδ뾫ռ䣬ܸߵҲкܸߵĴ͸ֱúھʱɥʧ˶ֻ۵Ŀơ
ҲˣȽֻۿס
λľɽͣ¸ٳ֮󣬺ܵöҪ˵ˣҪô˻һٻܵˣѵʱ;Բ˷ѡ
֪ˡ
ˮľȻ֪ʶȫж״̬ܺжʽȻˮľҲŷ˹ȥ
ǰ֮Ҳҧָʹͨ
֮
ٻľɽ޸θڣܷҲסˣȻûܹ
ˮľļУƽ⣻ҲսٴٻɵĵȮ
ڣҲٻֻΪץסš
Ϊֻ֮ûбʹùˮľûнϸй¶Ҳ֪ŵѾ᧿Σˡ
֮⣬ҲΪҲԳűл롣
˼ʮߣɱǱزٵģҲܹԥؽȥʱ塢Ҳ׻𣬵ȻŵĳźСϣȴˡ
ʱҲסȻ׽Ȱ
ֻϧҲϣˡ
͵ĸθǲѷɫռι̱ϣҲסħĹ
ҲոսľɽƵʯ볤ŵұ߼򣬸θھͱ׵һ
ֱӴ̴࣬ȻһжˣĺǶһЩ鷳
ѹĳźͺھֱʹ֮ƽ⡣
Ӧֱɱš
ҪĹĿ꣬ټˮľԻĿԲ˲þͻָʶ
Ѿûˣõķᡣ
ҲֻóŲҪǻԹȥȥ˾Ҳ԰
ˮľʱԶԡ
еô꣬ϰôĲ
η֮ĵˮľ޺Ŀʲô𣬵̽ܶȴرһ㡣
ҲǣѾ˺öߣתͨٻе磬벻עЩ鶼ѡ
ȻܹҲ뷨ˮľݺھݳΪ
֦ãֻۺܻܿδ֪ȽϺãҡ
ˮľһ߿ŷȥһ˵
ֻ۲ܾôڱϣ
ֻܹԼܹʮβֵһǲ߲ɣҲһ壬á׽ҲǺ£ܱӵսǲҪõöࡣ
Ȼɱ⣬޷ı䡣
̨ʽ֮ǰʱ׶ԸѡҲ
Ǻðɣ
ҲεصͷôΪһʱĴͷŹĿ֮ҲÿһӰοˮľҲߣԼ֣ˮľز顣
Ȼһ£ˮľҲԥ˦־ͽҲŶ˳ȥ
Ϊ岻ܿƶڵϣҲˮľʱʱ̴̿űַ״̬ˡ
ͬʱˮľҲܹڳչʼԼĽ
ֱַ̯ö｣ĳͣȻˮľ˳ȥԽµҲһö｣ڲԶĿյϣһŷм
䲻ݷ֮䣬ڶö｣ٴƻڻ壬Ųòʹ÷ӡ｣ɲա
û׹ȥҲѾӽǰƣֱڳϣĹڹƵĳŵķ
ȻֻһĿܣȴԻϡڻֱĻʱ䣬һ塪ȻǿϾͬһʱֻʹһ͸ˮľҲɳ֮
Ҳɷ֮󣬷ӡϵĳţֱδȫյ｣ñˡ
˲£ŵѩϼ˪ǰ׾Чڵ֡
ھҲòȥΪߵħáٳĻУȻֱӶع
£֮ǰĻعⷵգͻȻ
ԭסͷ­ĺӰ¶˰߲԰׵ա
ڳźͺھӦʱϸ̴ӵ𣬽Ŵ̴߸ߵ
Ϊھܶûֱͷ­࣬ƣҲǱˡ
ʱ򣬺ھƺҲʶûа취еˣٴȫԸҪ߳ŵһֻ֮ܣǿϧǣѾظһЩжĳţܹʹһЩˡ
˼ǱɣֱӽӴĵ˵ʱʵ̫Чˣͬʱܹȡߵļ䣬ԴӸ޸ĿܣͬʱҲܻõ˻͸¶ľϢ
һҪ˻ʲô
ʶԼΣеĺھֻ÷һֻֻۣƿе۶֮󣬻ڵһڵϣȻǱ˽ȥˮľæ߶ɷ޻ת֮ƺûдʲô
ιţ㻹ðɣ
ʱпĳţҲ¶֮ɫ
ٵСϣһжȴֻųŵ
ˮľ߮ڲԶĿУһпܵĶ
͵ؿ˼³ڵѪ˵
ҾҪôνҲֻǾˮ£ûа취ʵˡԣһʼֻЦɣ
ղôһ˲䣬Ӻھϵõ˲鱨ĳţǶԼұһһ˽⡣
νˣҲֻ΢һöӶѣ˷̣νۣ֮Ҳ˶ѡ
Ҫ˵ˣţ
òοСϣǿԼᣬȴòͬٴı
ţСϣΪʲôҪز
̫˰Ҳʦô꣬㻹ǰѵĽΪʲôǳһ
һǣҲͲˣδȫһˡ
ֻۣȥɣҲʦҲŷģȥҪ˰ɣ
СϾȵʵ
˵ʲôš
ôɣҵĶվǲܷӳ
ԽԽͳĳţ˵
ʹָ࣬оãԤеδûʵֵʱ򡭡
ĵѾûüˡ
Ҳһ£Ƕ֣ץȡ˳ۿеֻȻ
Сϣ㡭
ЩʧǵСϣͷҲǸû˵ʲôĬĬشųŵʬȥ
ߣû𣿡
ӦòҪСǸŮӣš
ҲԳЦЦ
еĳҲǸĵӣû뵽겻ͱв̽Ļ֡
Ѿȥ˺ö꣬ʲô仯֡
ˮľûҲǾСвǺܴȥҲС
һ鷳ԶΪʧȥƿϱ½ĵرǣһһ޴ʯͷѾҪȥæ
Ϊ鷳ǣѾ¶˵β͵ˣҪӽˣ¶βͣʱ򣬿ûֻ۵սƣҲûоٴܹ򡢴ӶԼסβ
ڰβˣǱҪˡ
ôһĹβֽһ
ʱ̫˺̫ĻҲʲô¡

ĿɿڴؿŰеɢſֲŵ䣬ߵľЦ
ǰѧͷ۰
Сӣܹٲٵģ꣡
СӣʡģҲˮľǰ̵Եʰɣ
̾һ˵š
ľݶβ޵ĿƣҲƵģҪûæοˡ


742 ȫ
β޳֮ȻΪʧȥβ޶ǱȻ顣
һ£β޻ȫƿķӡβޱߣʵβ޲йβ־ơ
ͺñһβҰϵýӡغķȽҲֻܳҰ޾õĻᣬ͵ܳƻߵװѷӡҪʱӡҪȺʱ
βȽ⣬Ϊڼ޾ĲʹʹòѹƾβѹҲм츳ļܹܵסģټ˴ྫͨӡԲųΪβѺѡ
ڣȴɥʧơ
ӡӶɵİԷӡΪȹ̣±Ҳһ϶ʹβ޲йβȻѴƷӡ
ֻڣʵΣգ˺;βòӳܹԿرǵв
ϾǺھѹե˳ŵ֮󣬲ʹóĳǿһ߱УǱѹʯѹӣǱµǣ˺Ƭ
Ҳֻһʮ꣬츳Ҳʱûа취Ըֻ۵ȫ
ɫβ޲ֳһβֱۣϵĴʯͷ飬ֹĹ˺
ɥʧǵˣһ˫ɫ״ͫŶ⿴·ضԼľҶߡ
˵սľ鰡Ͳ֮ǰ׽βȫһ̶ȵ鷳
㼶ȫѹսΪգһ򵽾Ƿǵ³
ֲܹսóģҲֻģʽͲд۵ͫŶݼסԼǿӡ
ͺñڣˮľԸʵæ̧־ͨ˵ĴȻҪֵĽʸеֱ˲˾βϿ˼󶴡
ϴźƵĲֱ£ľ۶ϡ
βôΪĶͨ˵в
·ľҶ߶һˣոոϵСӣβ߶ԵΪҲˮľʵڻ°Ȼ
βûôˡ
ԭѾð˰βͣ籡˵壬ΪշѹƣϱǵΪ֮һ͡
ˣշԼƵľβҳһӣķĳûɢȥصľݽϴ׸һ㣬Ͽܵľβ
βȻǿ󣬵ڽӶĹ֮£Ȼû֯ķ
Ψһ鷳ǷӡвйĲ̫࣬ʹóѹƾβҪʱҪܳ
Ϊ˷ֹҹζ࣬ˮľǰȻ֣ץסһžβ͵طָȻӡŹʼʩľβһᣬ˵ĺ֮£ڽβѹơ
β޲٣¶˱˵壬ıƤѾʴǿβ޲ոɾ¶ͨļ⣬ʮֺˡ
ƻΣؼ˵ľܵ˼ĳҲ֪ڡĴĿӰˮŵĲûʵһæ
ʱҲֻмʶ㡢Ƶԥֱӹƣ˷ʩչָ˵塣
˵òᰡ
Ҳпһûб֯׽ߣһжлء
ˮľҲϸ̽һΧȷҲûв֮󣬲һ
Ŀӳ۵ףˮľҲò̾̽սĲпᡣ
Ȼӵг󲿷ȻǴ已̥ʵҲԽԽ࣬ɵҲʼ
ҽҪˣȻûκá
ҽϾǸǧŵļתԼֻ۵ֻ֮ҲֻһһĽ
Ӯ𣿡
ˮľԳЦЦ
ѾɵΪ̽ġ֯죬׼S̡ǲҲɱ˵ӦսԻͰɣˮľôҲ˲
ԭпܳΪľҶ֮˲ţȴò
һʼоˡ
Ūز˵βҲǱǲץˣĿҲʧˡ
Ϊ鷳ǣȻˣֻۻһֻھߣҲ˵ķչȻûԤĹֻĳЩ鷢ʱˡ
ˮľ˵Ψһοģββ;βĲȫŪˡ


743 
Ŵβ޵Ĳȫռȫˣ׸ôӦãʵˮľҲЩԥ
β޲ʵ̫Σˣò׳һЩ޷ص⡣
ʮβʹõĻ׻ᷢʲôʣˮľҲ޷ȷǣ̫᲻Լ鷳޷԰Σ
ȻЩ׼ˮľҲһЩˣȻȥ֤֮һ֮ٿܲһнĳԡ
ΧЩҪʿЩڻң֮ûκرһա
ľҶĲӣٲֵ֮⣬ģҲҽսϵľ޴ֵڡ
֮£ʧҪһ㣬ǰӳսֻʵʱΪڻͬˣۡ
һθ˲ˣȻûܹβ䣬ȫûдﵽĿꡣ
ľҶ壬ֱ࣬ˡ
ڴͨSǲˣĻֵġ֯졪Ҳɵˣõһֻֻۡ
ǣ˼Ȼ𷴿֮Ȼûз˵Ȼϵ䣬ܹȫԼ֯ĳԱ
в̽Σ֮֯ս϶ûн
ˮľüֵǣֻڻҲϡ
ܵĻ٣Ҳһѡ
˭Ҳ޷ֻ֤һֻֻۣǲľͲܳɾʮβҲпܣҲҪֻֻۣҪʵ㹻ǿ󣬾ͿԽʮββǿѹ֮ӡڡΪʮβ
Ͳľҹֻۣʮβɺھʹݡ塤ͬʮβǴͲľҹ־ıʣǿлѴͲľҹ
ȻӵһֻۣȻ˾Źֻд۵̬вġ
ǲ߳׸֮ǰûеõеβ޲ʹһЩƷʹʮβոոʱֻֻдۣûдﵽ۷״̬
ˮľһֱΪͲľҹղɱ⣬ʮβֵʱ򣬾ȷѡ񣬸Լһ׼
󻼵ǰᣬǽʮβͲľҹͬھһ𳹵׷ӡϾٴΪ̽Ŀԡ
ҽµˣ尵ľҶֱսͬһʱҲЩء
ȣսô
֮󣬿ʣǿظһжЩ̵ؿûϢսѡװܷ˯󱻷ӡƵʱռֿ档
ľ˵Դ̾һ˵
ԣҪɳ⻹ֻǿʼս˿Ͳ׽ˡ
ǵ죬Ѿô
һԣͬ֯ǿһǿߣǿһ
һ쵼߲ڣֱ֯ȻȻ¡
Σû֪
ãδûܹش⡣
һԵǲҲЩήңսʱһǲն£һйˣ;˫ƣ͵Ĵȫ޷ʹˡ
õ𣿡
Сӣʹҽκϵ֮󣬾ƺеĲɣʻܹȥˡ
ûˣȥһˣ˵úҸء
Сӣ
ҽڱһҪһ㣬ѾˣӦûʲô⡣
ԣһȫźˣƳһۻæµ
Ӱ˵ĵôѹ֡
֮ݵ֮ǰĿӰ֣ʵ̽ҽһˣĵӣ϶ȥ
ͬʱԶĺ󷽣ˮľϣҲ˶ߵϣæµˡ
־˺Ҳ۵ùǺ˵궼ûôյ״
ֻ
ˮľ˵
ͨʥأֱӽڲ񣬶֮սȻ᲻Ǻ˵࣬Űذ
̽ʮʱ䣬ĻսңѾˣĴҲǰ
粻ϲ࣬޻˵
ԣ̽Ҫı䣡ģľɽĸҲ־ͬϵˡңƽ־Ҳᴫȥ
ΪˣȺ˳šˮź˵ĳ֡
˭һƽ磿һ̫ѵˣŹҲġֻϵĻܣ˳ªģ
ҵĴ
Ҳ˵
ЩҷһߣҲˡ
ˮľ֣صʵ
ֻۣ׼ôã


744 
ֻ۲Ǵײˣеʷ¼񻰴˵УҲֻ˲ӵй
ӵеֻۣǰΪûж룬Բ⣬ڵǾɵء
иõѪ޽ȱȽǣǿѪͳУܻһЩԱ㣬˺ôصģҲ
е鱨ŴмѪͳӦòʣмʲôʱֻ۳Ϲϵˣ
ӹŵмҲֻ¶㡢ʢӴص㣬Ҳʮóӡ
ʮ꣬űӵзǳʺϳ䵱β
мûкֻϵҪ˵أŶûй̽綼ûⷽϢ
ǳŵֻģ
ͫ͵Ѫ޽缫Ϊټֻ־޽е͡
鱨ûж٣δø˼ĴۣòײŪֵֻۣҲҲûϸǹһз̫ͻȻˡ
һûã
Ҳźҡҡͷ
񻰴˵еۣܾ֮ǰǰʱҾûؿǣڱӡиĺֻʣ³Ŀꡣ
Ҳԡ
ԭҪҲֻ۾ʹ١߽Լõˮľ죬û˵ڡ
ôˣлֱ˵ɡ
ˮľԥһ£ò˵
ΪһжҵĸԴǷʹ˽ֻ۳׻ûⶫоԺٺܶ鷳
ܹȻҲһ˭ʹáһ˵˭ܷӳֻ۵
Ҫֻ֧ô;óʵá
ͬмˣҲие͵ġ
ֲܲ˵٣һ׵飬ųⷴӦѾΪѵˣҪַѪ޽͸ˡ
ľʮǰͿͲдۣҲֻǿܹʹһδУ֪ҪѶʱܹ
֮ǰҵ飬֮ܲģҲֻЩˡ
ҲֻһˣҲǳԸ
ǣ͸¶ֻ۵ܿôǽһɣ
Դ֮䣬޵ذʾֻ۵ԭΪС
ǣСʱ򣬳ž;ֻۣӦòʲŶԡ
ҲΪԼͳű⣬ƺԼҲһЩɡ
ˮľҲ޷Դ鱨͸¶̫ࡣ
硢˵ûпܣһеġĻ֣öǰѾźˣ
ˮľĻҲһ
ֻôĲֺͰţ̽ôܻ֯ߣ
ˮľ̾һ֪Ҳŵģ˭ҲµõһֻΪĳ˵ĸزٵһ
һֻֻۺֻֻۣʲô
ˮľڱ̫Ĳܹͬʹö޳͡
ΨһĲ𣬾ǵֻ۵ջֻ۵ʱ򣬿ʹеֻͫ
ͲдۿԼܺҲиָֻͫеҲǸͬġ
ǲߵֻͫĹǲ֮Ͳд۽Ϊֻ֮ӵеܹͫпռû
ôǽеֻ۳׻𣬷ֻҪʣһֻֻۣʣһֻ۵ĲҲǺܴ
ֻ۵ĴãҪúÿһˡ

һƬҰĿռ棬ȴĸޣ֪˶ãϵƿҪٶ񻯵ʱ򣬿ռһŤܿƵӳԼϣһãƬ֮һƬ֡
ٴؼյĸһ£漴Ӧǿ˵ľʹվ޼ᵲǰһ״
Ҫţ
һЩ٬ߴ޵Ķ䡣
㰡ɣ
˲ʶѾΣյӣ޼ڵϣ֧Լҡҡ׹塢ڵ¡
û뵽һ֮һľȻ㡣
ǰҲǳ˴ϧ֯ûмˡԭ˶֯ʣôˡǵϴǰĺ޼ֵǿϧˡ
ĿսֿܲѾˣ
ǰ
ǰ߰ɣû¶һ˿սܵľɥĵش
춼ˣ̫ϧˣôľҶԿǲ̫ǰ
˵еֻ۶սˣ
ϾˣʱְæҲûа취飬ôˣʵǿҲ̫ǿˡ
ô
޵ͷ
ǲôˣ;Һɢˡ
ź
ʱľӵð˳ȻƬ«έ״ҶƬ档
ǲѾˣĵܵܡǲɱˣ˾ȣǸһ꣬Ѿôǿˡ
ʵϣӦǲòЩԾԲűɱʵ̫ϧˡ
ǲʧʱĲ䡣
ǻź
һǿսѷɫκߵľ֣ô׵ֵط
ԭѾˡ
Щʧǡ
֯졢ӵֻ۵ĳսܵʱ򣬸޶ûôʧ̬
κεطļһҲǽѰɡ
ҲǱŰµģҲһЩִܷš
ʱȻûκҪ飬֮Դڡ֯û뿪ҲֻΪԼģǺԼһ¾ͬͬǲҲܺһЩͬԣʣµģΪһ߶ִ֮ġ
Ϊһ㣬ԼΪߣҲΪһ̣󱻡֯
ԼҲ˼ԼĹȥͬǲһԼô룬Ѿ޷ͷˡ
ιҪȥ
ЩĲɵĸޣ˵壬ҡҡ׹ǰţͼ뿪
޶˶٣Ȼ
ѾûҪĶˡ
ûκ֯Ҳ˸뿪Ѱһ֮صʱˡ
һȡ
ԭЩѵİɣߺ棬һ൱ϳɵ
һԣ֯ڻҪ
ร
޻ͷټһİɡ
ʲôɼû뵽һҲ˲õܣôܸܲң㵽Ǻηʥִʲô˵ң
֪ûʲôɣûа취˵ֵǲϵժϵߡ
ף⻹˾ȣû뵽ʱصĴĿˮӰˡ
ΪһЩ⣬֪һǰβʸƿʱĻܵĸޣǰӣѪ֮Ļ֣ҲǼӵԼԭ֮һ
ô㹻ô
ȻʤңˮӰ˽һûмʱ򣡡
ã
ΪʵʱһֱΪصɨߺıֶΡ˵ˣʧܵʱ򣬽ͬͬɵⱻ²𲻱Ҫ鷳ֻڱҪʱɱ֪ˣЩ֪̫಻֪鱨ͬߣҲԼĿꡣ
ģڸϵ̴̣ĵ˻Ҫ࣬ⲻò˵һ̵顣
һ̴УҪһЩڵġ
ӰеıҪ֮³һ㶼ôãҪôǷ֮ڷҪôΪ̣ûܹʼյġ
ľҶĿӰԳնִƴӵʱ򣬳䵱ɫģ־Ųغ쵼ġ֯
ٴΪˮӰ˹Ҳǲѡ񡣡
Ȥؿǲٴδߡ
ôǸô
úˣȻӡβô
ǲŤͷ˷֮ķ
βҲҪ˰ɣ
ŴҶϾ˵ĻᣬǶͷɶǰȥ׽Ѿ̽ٵϣҲǸʱ
֯ԳֵжǶͷɶζûг֣Ȼȥ͵ˣʺǷӵˡ
βϵ۶ݣʵ൱νӵв֮ߡ
ǿ󣬹ԷɶκͽǶĹʵЩǿ֮һôǳ浽ŵƴģǶͷɶҲȲʤȯֻҪʱ䳤̶ѡ
ڿȻѾˣϵ׳ۣǵġ
Ǳ߽ˣȻһβҲӡ
ֻβ޵ףħ񣬲ҲָܹһսˣǿȴֱŤļߡ

Կ治һ׵飬һΣǽǶͷɶεһһսв֮սļҲԶԶ˵Ԥϡ
ˮľն˰壬Ȼҽ֮еķɶΣǽ׾İԼǶĵԹݰæϣ»ָһͣڣֱۣѾֻʣһðź̵Ľ̿ˡ
Ƕ΢һ㣬ԵѾƣԼ壬֣ûб۶ճɻҽ
ιǶһ۶̫ѶԸˣж޷˺޷ӽ
ټһᣬ˿ûˡ
Ͼһٵˣܺͼ޵Ĳƴ


745 ƣ
ѱķɶβΣʱ̣϶ǲԸӽǶķԸġ
ڣҲΪʱβߣһȷʵǶ֡
ܹӳβȫмߵǻḻľĸ֣Щʱ̵β޻ѷӡӵȵģҪԴһ㣬ǶͷɶζһаռֵԷƣߡ
ûа취õ˵ѪҺܹúŰһŵļһܹ׼аܸ˵ġ
·ɵľ޴Ϳ͵һֵķӷڳìû취ȻҲûа취е̵ı
аҿȡԼɣ
ŽʸеĹӽǶðԴǻ÷ɶЩ
Ҫ˵ҺŰ԰һΪаҲû취飡
ڶаϣɶ˿Լʲô⡣
˻ʱһɢС򣬴Ͽ³վķ˹
Ƕضܣɶ赲ƵȵҽĴɽһڷɶϣ۵Щĵļһٴβҽ
оʵ̫ˣȻһҪϼһúһ±үֶΡ
ϻˣ϶һ㣬СһֻҲճɻҽ
һ˵ţһ߲ˮĽǶʹ׶ˮϹҲֻܹɱȽϴ˺
Ҳ˵ңҲòȥ
βʹϻõĲãΨһƣǲ塣
һʼֱӰȻսôãǶͷɶεȻΪ֮ԵʣʱûӰ죬ϵƣҲ˿಻ԡ
£͸˵ˡ
϶ԽԽٶۣڱ֮ĴҲԽԽ٣ӣҲҪˡ
ӰѾý֦
ץɲʲôС£ҪǱ˸ţʲô鷳ˣôľһĻǾ̫źˡ
ڷɶκͽǶȻԹʵûһ˿ǵĴݣϵķӽһնľ棬źͶһﴩͬĺڵ׺ۡߵӡ
ǴԼûκλ֮ͱܣ֮󣬸СĽҲӼȵطϣغβһЩĬ
β޺ͽ⡢ϵõƵβǿﵽ״̬һΣҪβڱﰵ֧ԮԼֲôá
ǣǺβЭͬսҲм޵ġ
һľͰܹʢŶˮȡ̵һľ壬̰壬ֵ̫ˣǾԼҪЩ֧塣
㹻ã˫ѾҪŲˣ˫ҲΪʹ߼ҲЩľ
Щ֪һʼӦֱߡ
ôӽƣߵϣҲܲˣһж̫ˡ
˲֪ãЩϣ󱻷ɶƣȻ˳һվȵʹ˵ڵϡ
ͷۻϣ֮󣬸еԼֱһۣһڵĳì̴ҪʱȴԼѾûжˡ
ԺģȫľʹԼһŵĿЦȻ˹ȥ
ǶЩؿŷɶβؽ׼ʽ
βѾ˹ȥӦòҪĵΪˣ
ⲻΪǶаϵĵ׼
ǶͷشϷɶεĻ
ץʱ䣬ҵ̫ãҾɱ㣡
ܹõĻ벻ҪŵҼ֯ΪаĽ塢̽ɢʹ࣬ôҾͲˣЩǿ׼а񣬾ҵĿꡣ
ɣ
ǶӻͳһСӣϣѾһ뱻ȡˣǶңҵϵͷһҳ֣֮صϻһ档

һİĵңսãѾָ˴ҩʦ𾴵ĴƲ
˴ô֣ЩмֵЩֻһЩп޵оҩʦһҪΪ޷ӴһЩضĻܣҩʦĳɾͿܻߡ
ļʶҩʦû취һնĿߣȷʵһϸļ̳ߡ
ȻڵҩʦܹάѶ־ĻҲܹ߳һ·ϧȻʴüΪأҲΪܴҩʦҲֻڱ˰ڲĵ·ԽԽԶˡ


746 
ǽ֣Ѫ޽ϸʵƷƷָѾ߻һЩԵĶֲ̥걾ȵȣÿһǴʮоɹǻ۵Ľᾧ
ǰ֮õĸزġ鱨ȴȡĸоҩʦЩȻʧ
ڵ֣ҪԼϰ塱һˣֽɫתҩʦһʱỹûȫӦ
ڣһѵĽת޻ת֮׼֮ӡʬתԼһֱõġܹΪģʽµľϳ©İ֮С
ϧһһõͺˡ
ȻҲܸܲϵϽս˵еûнݾߵֻͣܲοһ£Լǧٿ׵ľˡ
ҩʦæµʱһӰͻȻûһ˿ڵǽϳ֣ȻվҩʦԶĵط
㣿ʲô
ҩʦؿֻаĹӰ
ǾɣʲôѾˣûҪҵˡ
ڴߵҩʦ֪˶ٴΡ֯Դľѻ밵ɱ֪һЩ鱨ҲΪ档
һΣԳ֣ҩʦöԷ˽⼺鱨Ļᣬ壬һٽˡ
׳٣ˮľҲûȻһʱ˺Ͷվҩʦߵɺ˵ĽҪһΣ˵Ȼܷҩʦ˵еҪá
һΣģ
ңһǲ̫Сˣ
ҩʦЦЦؿսļһЩмʵ
׾ƺҩʦķ̣ش
ͱ壬˵ûôҪ壬ֻҪˣܹǵ־
ðɣ
ҩʦҲֻһ˵ѡ
ʲô£ܲҵİɡ
˵ˣϣܼ롮֯Ϊ̽δһ
δ
ҩʦЦһ˵
ǲǸʲô̽δʲôһȤҲûУЩҶûйϵ˵ϣЩ˵Ĺ˱ȽϺá
ԣǵѾˣǲҲܵǲɱҪ
׾ޱ̹ס
ڸղЩǪ̇̄ʣǰ־ȻνעҲֻǸЦôԭ֯ĿȻҲ
֯
ҩʦ԰׾Ļÿɷ
ܹõʲô֯ո⵽شҲܸҶٺôɣ
ô
׾¶һ˿Цݵı顣
ΪѣҲ֪ҪʲôѾ˵ڣҲûطȥҲûʲôҪɣպãҪ˶ѣȻ֣ǲѡ񡣡
ֻɣ
û
㻹ǲְ˵ͣһʼͱ¶Ƶģ
ҩʦǰ֮ġ
ҶĽеȤǣҺܻɹ֯ڻûָʹҵûӵֻ۵죬ŵǲҲˣһʲôҪܵǵʹ
ȻѾսֻ۾ͲˣдۣҲǴطȡģ
รҲ˵ܹ֯ʹֻۣǻǸϢЩûȷ֤ݣ˵ңԭϵֻۣ׻ܷӳʵں˵
ԭˣ
׾¶ЩŹֵı顣
ðɣΪ֤ǵʵǵ͸¶һ鱨㡣˭㣬ֻһʼģ
ף
Ϣҩʦ⡣
˵ҵдһҲǴȡģ
׾ҡҡͷ
ǵ죬һʼֱһֱΪһֻ̽Ķͣô˼Ծӣ

ҩʦͷһᡣ
ղʣӦòָġ֯ɣ֯ҲֻǱõĿܣǷ̡
㽫̽˸׳֯ȻصøĻ֣ʵ˴һ
ĻҲǲܿһ£ǲ롮֯ģһЩϣһҲ޷Ͼйͬĵˡ
ҲУԼǳˣԺϵ
һʧȥ֮Ҳʧȥҩʦĵ˴һ鷳
̵ӡǣҲѰʵҡ֤ԼҪٴ롣


747 ɺ
ս֮ˮľᵽ˺þòƣ֮С
ԴϢˮľͼΪ
ģʽгɹ֮նľҲ˵ôѾİ£ûôѡ
Լѧ˷֮ǿò񻰣ټʵİģûгʲô⡣
źŬôãβȻץߣʵ̫źˡ
ȻĽԭֻһ⣬Ҳˮľ˾ӡ
ϵȷʵãˮľΪеķڼ£Ȼ˴ֲΣա
ֻƬ̵ĸţͱͬӵʱռǲץס˻ᡣ
ˮľ̫ģκ֯͡ҵĳͻб¶⣬ȷʵ˲òú÷˼һ¡
ˮľĵģǲֹˮͲд۵һʹñĻᣬڲʵĵطɵΣֲܱ
ξǲͲдˣǲҪֲ̽ǲϣ
ûиáöҲʧͲдۣǼ򵥵ֲȷе˵Ӧýֲͫ
Ͳдö˿ʧʱ򣬺ͬͲд۵ֲֵܽ۾ܹɾͲдۣ
൱Ȼô򵥣ֲʵǸֲͲдиӱĶҪɾ㣬ͱ볹һ׵ͲдۣͫӲС
ˮľΪǵģҩʦ
һ֮Ͳдۣӵеͫʵ㲻ǿ󣬵ʵ̫ǿˡ
һǿжļֵˮľˣܹӳ൱ǿˣδôõЧ
ǿҲǸݵ˵Ĳͬ˶ġ
Σյĵط䷢չĿԣֻҪ㹻ʱ䣬ռ㹻زģͨʵ
趼ûʵֵ룬ҩʦ˵ôһ˿ɹĿܡ
Ȼǰܹס־ĶǱɱȻʴĿܡ
ɨս̫ʱ䣬˾͵ӪϢһٷء
Ȼʣ֮࣬ʹ÷֮صľҶеġ
ˮľǾ£ʱһ˻ش壬ܸоʲô¡
¶ӪٲҪ¶һֿĹһԸµԳɰ˹꣬ŵʮʱʹһ³ʦˮľľΧڻԱģҲ֪ȥˡ
ҩʦͲдۣ⣬ȫΪʲôǸŹֵͫ
Чƣȫ߸һ߶֪
ʩչĻҲûУ˶Լ־ټǰûгֹ
ΪӵͲдۣŸǸͫ쳣̲סʳ

ˮľһԵˮһһɤӣȻ󲻽˵
ͫǲ⣬кԵĻʩԼϵĻӦûôְɣ
֪ʵĲЩ
ҡҡͷ
˵ԭû̫ƫֱΪ˳ΪĳЩ˵Сĳִڲųֵģ㲻𣿡
ҲʼעЩûͷûԵ鶫ˣ
һˣ룬Ļˡ
ˮľЦЦˮ
ڵҰɣллˡûô򵥣
ע⵽˾ͺãÿ˵ˣʹϵĻ𳵣ǰءЩ˻᲻ȶعһѹ죬ǳ³
㻹ѧ˲ʱֵʴʻ㰡
ˮľ̲ס廰
·û꣬Ҳſʼ
˵ûδĵ·һɲ䣬ǰǰ·ҪܿΣգ͸;羰ͻ̲ס볣棬൱Σյ飬һɵĺͺԤϡ
һЩո˵Ļ˾ܳ·ܲ˵·һ㡣
˹صļһȻĳЩһЩԼͷ
ԴˣˮľԤУΪʲôЩܹ֪δ˵ļһǣ˵ɲꡢĻͷԣ
Ҳǵ㣬û塣
Ҳװģǳν鷳
ˮľţҩʦӵԼֻͫǸɺϣвõ壬Ҫʱ򣬾ͻᷢá
һöûзãһΣȻһַʽˮľܵ˲׽ϡ
ɺϣô࣡


748 
ˮľʵԽԽǿ̽ӰҲԽԽʱɵƫƣѾ󵽲ܺӵĵزˡ
ȻЩ鼴ʹģҲҲʲôȽϺõĽֻһһˡ
飬ò˵ˮľʵ
ܹǿֱӽһ鷳ʱʵǹ᳹Լ־õֶΡ
Ȼˮľ֪ˣҲͲٶ˵ˣкܾõˮľӦñԼö֮࣬£⣬ÿĵǡ
۾ע⵽һдۣƺЩһˡ
Ǻ£
ˮľЦŵͷ
Ϊжı̫δˮľǵģǲͲдûнɹ
Ȼһ㣬ǣȻɹˣˮľҲͷŵġ
ľ̾һ
ͲдۣѪȻЩ޻̸֮ÿһεйأҲ˶дƫ
ˮľƳһۿΪȻ˵
Ȼ֪޻̸֮ʲôøпģʲôʱ֮ҥ̫ϵҲֻͬĴѡ޹аȫֻǱݵĹ߶ѡ
ðɣҲֻһ˵ѡ
ľв׵ģֻѡ
ǰĳŵͲдۣ͸ģģ
Ȼ
ˮľȻش
ҲҪŵ˵ˣҲȷʵ֪ˡ
ʲôȷ֪ľʵ
ǹҡ
ˮľҡҡͷ
˵δһƬã֮еĻôȥѾ飬ʵġǲǵ£˿ܶûҲ˱֪öһ㣡
ˣ󣡡
Ҳûˮľǲڴţ
Ŀ֪϶ʲô£Ͳܹһϣ֮ǲҪ֦ˡ
ܻᱻ֪ģܿ͹һ㣬ҪǱĵļһͼӴףƭˣ鷳ңҲ׼ȷжϵ˭ܲáֻ߲׵رɱɣ
ðɣ
˵ϣҲòͬˮľĹ۵㡣
ϣʲôɵ¡
ˡ
ʵֻҪɵֲǲٵĺƣεĿԲ

æµ˺ܾã㰲ľҵߣֱڶŻصľҶ塣
棬ˡ
ΪиֵƣֱȻ٣ȻһЩοҲЩơ
Ҳûа취飬սûв˵ġ
γͻϵָȻľˮľһݸߵˣǾҲ
Ҳôֻ㱨ģˮľ̫
һԿ϶ֻ۵飬Բô׾Ϳġ
˵ô˵ȴûѯˮľľԼľҶߵǺ顣
ˮľ˵ֻҪֻ۲־ŲˮľԽܡ
ȻܰһֻֻۣԼϣǾ͸ˡ
ֻϧˮľкܶǰƵߣŴ˺߲ܶ㶼֪顣
¡뽫ֻĹؼˮľоʵ̫Сˡ
ڸˮľѯԼǰˮľ̫ࡣ
ôֻۣʲô˲ӳֻ۵Ҳֻˮľ˵һȻ
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ͲдѾˡ
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նʵĻش𣬶ʱǲеһ˿ҡ
Ǹһû


749 ı
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ÿ˶๼
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Ψǲûʸ
ܹ˻ģɥʧǵķӣ϶ʲô֮ڡ
ǲһȷɵġ
¾ͬ޷ͷˡ
еĹƵϣҲǶƽ뷨
ˮľĻЩ⡣
ѵͬı
ˮľͷ
һ㣬㵹ǲ¶ˣȷʵкܶͬıڡδе򵥡
ô£
ǲЩ⡣
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Ҫԭԭ˵ɾͳˣ
ʱ䣡
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ԭԭĸ㣬ǲˣɣǻط˵
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尡
ˮľſ֪ȷΧû͵֮󣬲Ťͷǲ˵
㣬ʱǲ壬Ӧû֮ǰһĵ·
ˮľʦ˼ǰǲ巢ʲôõ顣
Ǹʱ㻹̫ᣡ
һ߰Сӣ˭ܽѡɱ֮˵
ˮľʦΪҽ󣡡
ˮľ˵
Ϊ˸Ĺ¡
ҪˣǲصȴˮľĽ
ǲֻһڴ֮䱥ܼ尾ܺߡΪ˴ӣ˼壬ǴҲû취ٽˡ
ѣ
ɻʵ
֪ΪʲôᱳѼ壬Ѫͨɱ¾ɾ
Ҵֽ͡ԭΪǲͼıǰҹĸ߲õ׼ȷϢȻ־ŲΪ׵ġ֯ǰ͵Ϯһټͳؼ鱨ģǲ
ңôܣǲΪʲôҪѣһʵ̫ˣ
ˮľĻһ벻Ρ
ԣ㻹̫ˣ
ˮľεҡҡͷ
ǲΪʲôҪңܳǲݵĽɫ˫ǲɵ鱨ĶĿͬʱҲǽĶ̬ߴӸ߲ڼ顣˫ʲôʱ򣬶к³һµˣҲİǾǲֹˮ
ֹˮ
ǲǸǲһֳ
˵ǲֹˮڼ屻ɱ֮ǰѾˡ
ǵġ
ˮľ϶⡣
ۣȺ֡ܵǲֹˮӰǲڴӺͼ֮䣬ѡڴӡȻǲ屻׽ͼҵĶʲô³ǲǿҲֿܵһӵɱ¾
Ȼ
࣬ǲʵԽܡ
ȻǸʱܲƽǲֹˮȷʵˣʹжϼҪҡʵ̫ˡһô޹ˡ
ˮľ̾һ
վڴӵĽǶȣһӻӰǿ߼ıңսңɵܱҪԶԶöࡣܾǲѡ˴Ӷ˼ԭ򡣼ĸûзŹˣ׵ܵܵһɻϱУԼ֯鱨ҪĿӰԳնԼĵܵܡǲ˺ܶ飬Ψûпѽǲ
ƭ˵İɣ´û˵һɱ⣬ôô赭дؾͱڹȥĻô
ֻҪͿ϶֪Ҳûһƭ㣬˵ÿһֶ࣡
ǲΪʲôͼıң
һܳܳĹˡ


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ǲ飬ҪȫףԴͷҪݵľҶոսʱ
Ѿ˺üʮ꣬̽ڻܼǵʱģѾĺھ֮⣬Ҳûˡ
˵ľҶǰĹʧˮľһѹûС
ҪЩظǲҪúһ´ǡ
ľҶ彨սķ֮ϡ
ͬһʱ츳ӢۣҲ̽ˡ
ֻһǲ߻ǧ䣬дԼ̽硢ʵֺƽԸ
ʵȴǲǧּ˭ѹ˶Էھõս֮ǧٿ׵̽磬òͣϢ
ʱ˴С鿪ʼá
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Ըõģʵǲпġ
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ǲߺǧ䷢˷ǳصķ磬սȵһսǲʧ١ǧصľҶ塢֮Ҳ³
ԭӦõ˽
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忪ʼòǰӴʼֲѺۡ
ԴԺǧּһϵˡˡѧӵȰѳŻӰȨ
ǲ򲻶ϵرż
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ǲ˵ǲɽܵġ
̳лӰ֮λģǶǲгɼǧ䡣
ĽȫȨľҶڰȫǲ壬˳׺ľҶĸֵ߲
ϵнԶҲȻ顣
ˮľԼؽľҶ彨ǰԼǲѾɵһϵкԭԭĸ
¼ɵѿӦһʼʱͱժûժѿһ׳ɳˣ˻һ֮ܶ˶ؿǲʹӵѺۣʧȥ˳׽Ļᡣ
屻롢߱ż߼岻ͬΪľҶ崴ʼǲ壬ΪľҶƵķչԾľҶȨġ
ļ壬ΪԼĸ߰ӭĽ֡
ǲˮľĽ˵
ľҶ彨ǲķչԭԭسǰ
ѿ󿪻ˡҲǺףҪ׳ɳѿܵкʵĻ⡢ˮԼ㹻Ӫɳɣ׷ʲô飬ʹüʮʱⶼûĨ𵱳Ѻۣ
ˮľοصͷ
ҲʵĹؼڡûϤĵĽ࣬»⣬ҲӦóǲ屻ĺ
ԣĻĵˣ
˵ǵҲûд
ˮľŤͷ˿
ľҶǲ岢ûʲôøУֱ澯ǣǲ忴˳ġֻһȺõĿ档ǲذľҶģҽֹ˽ʱ򣬺Ѿˡ
ǲƶǶĵͷ
ˮľҲûĶ˻װ
꣬ĿӰǧǲս֮󲻾þúܶ˶ǲĴԹޣҲ¼ĿˡĿӰǧλ֮󣬲ϴѹǲ壬ȻǲĳЩ˿£Ƕǲ̫Լذ뵽ԶľҶĵλã˼·
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ĴĿӰ֮ӣ
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ɼȻΪʲôСʱòã
ˮľЦŴ
֪Ӹ԰û㹻ԼֻǨŭСĺӣԼıǳ
˵ʲôޣֻΪ˸Լ۸һСҽڶѡ
Ȼʱǲûкˮľѧ˼
ǣβϮǲʲôϵ
̽磬˷ӡ֮⣬ҪβޣЧֶξǧľݺǲͲдۡܲҵǣǸʱľѾ̽硣ܹβ޵ģֻʣдˣ
ȫûκɵĺҲ¼ɰɣ
¼ɣ
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751 
ǲ岢޹
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ˮľĻʵǴǲϡ
粢ھԲܵ顣
ˮľڰֹ֣ǲı⡣
˭
ݺкһ㡣
ϣˮľʦƭˡ
ڡ֯һߣӵмΪĻͬʱӵͲдۣԳǲߵӣһ֡
ǲӦˣǸ˿϶ð桭
۲ôϽȴ¶ˡǸ˲ǲߣ꣬ϮڷоΡųβԿƵľ˵˭ǽԼȥȷϰɣ
Ҳá
Ȼûеõֵ֣֪˾һˣҲûжˡ
ֻҪָɵȻ֪˭ˡ
лˮľʦΪҽһ֪ǲľ飬ʹӸ߲ôԼģ
ʳ⣬㻹浱ʲô֪
ˮľЦ
ֻܣҲֻе˲ȫҿԸǣԭҲӦñϾѾ˺ƤˣҲû˻ء߲Ĵ֮նݳĵǶġǲԵס֯ĿӰԳն̸Բڵ㡣
ѾˣǲϵʵڴӵҪѡ
ʵ顣ЩͲٽ๫ˡ
ǿۿˮάűƽ
˫ֺ촽ʾԼļ
ԭΪ̫ˣ֪ʸûô
ŹĵεΣļӿԺǰԵĲЭ֮˴𰸡
֮ǿָƽʵ
ˮľʦҲǲǾȡ𣿡
Ϊǲ˵ľҶĴ壬ܶ²һ¡
ǲֹˮǲѡڴӣΪ峤ǲѡǲ˺ԥվ˼ߡ
ǲҪôѡ񣿸ոսһԵʵʱҲûö⡣
ˮľҡҡͷƽ˵
ǲ˵ʵûʲôϵֻҪ鷳Ҷûʲô⣬ʴˣ
ʧˣ
ַǳ۵ļ⣬ȻҪԼ⡣
ṩĲοûʲôֵ
ǣ֪ĿѾˣѵҪȥ
ˮľζض˵
Ҫȥ˾ƼĿӰ
λǰӰȫĶʵĻˮľ
ңԹ޶󣬿ܸˡĿǸϺˣôҪǲ壿ʵϣĿһֱͼʹӺǲĹϵܿϧе˲ô룬ǽǲΪвʱʱ̿Ҫ
ˮľʦ˵ģƲľЩ˰ɣ
࣬ĿҲû־ŲΪ׵ġ֯ɱǲľǡ
ܶĿӰǧӰ־ŲأһֱԻɵĿ⣬Ŵв
ɾǲ壬ȻΪصעĶ
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ȻˮľΪû͵ٺƽܹãܽʱѺ󣬾ʱ
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ǳˣ޵رԣҲ˽͡
ѹҪӵͲдۣ֪ʸ񡣷Թߵңͱвɵ˰ɡ
Ҫ࣬ɣ
ǲͷ
ܵĻ־Ųء⣬ɱ־ŲأΪ𣿡
⣬̽ô࣬ҲȱһǸϼһͿ˳ˡǰͱҸɵˣ
ȻˮľʦԴһҲûоη֮ġ
ҿǾĸǰĿŵ˵Ҫ̣ǵӲС
⻰Ӧ˵־ŲسϵĻ֮ǰ˵Ľô
Ϊ㹻ǿڴûԸҡ
ˮľ˿ɫѾˣΪֹ
ҪôȺú롣
յĳʵе࣬߸֪ǴӻǼ壬Ǻڼ׵ɫʣߵж˵ģԼѡ


752 
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ֻҪܹ־ŲظɵҲһ¡
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ǲ飬ʱһˣǴԼȽҪ
һκ֯ĴսľҶ廹ռһϷ硣
ˮľ˵Ҳ
ˮľΪصģǲֹˮͲдۡ
ܿϧջû䵽Լϡ
ˮľ֪һֻͲд۵
ǲԼϣûбͳȥĻǺܾܿǲ
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ǲֹˮ֮ǰƴµʹñĻᣬΪڹؼʱŤתˡ
ܿϧǣ˵ƵٺãҲ޷ָӻŵ˰ԼԸж
ˮľҪܹʹñǲֹˮͲдŪ֣ΨһĻǵǲʹջ߼Ӿ½أҪֲǲͲдʱ֡
Ǹʱ᲻ˮľæǸδ֪
ҽЩһߣˮľһ£һһЩջ
תĿӰԼǰβȣӵеսѾ˲С
ˮľеģǲȵĻϵİβţĲ
֮⣬ΪһЩ⣬ռβ;βĲˮľӵеľŴβ޲
ˮľɫӵؿǰޱĿӰԼȡ
һ˽ؽӴˮľҲе
תǱܲȥˡ
ʲô飬Լеĺôռȫˡ
ûвеնֻܺô¡
ҪۡԼʱĳ֮ʱһԼսӦԽս
ˮľԾѾǿˣһ뵽Ҫ鷳е
һֱˮľԼЩųĽתͷǲòðž޴ķʹá
ȻˮľʱԶЩݵȨʵ
ôҸоԼе㱻ˡֻҪĪ֣ͻѹΪûжþˡ
ˮľʵȷϵ
ҲֻһɺϣҲԼѵĲס
ǰְϻˮ̬һȥˡ
ȻˣԼܶԼ
ʵСʱһ˽ֶҲ޷
Ѿ˰ʼͻʱ򣬹СֶѾûʲôá
Ȩ񣬲ֻ˵ǲģҲˮľԼѡ
ˮľʣѵЦЦ
ҲͦõģȻÿʶѾǶˡͱȻء޷׸ѡֻҪǾиյĻᡣӣΪڹؼʱ̴㣬һЩҪ鷳ô
ˮľԶԣ˰Ժֻõͷ
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һˮľҲϲ˵ġ
һʵԵ֮ʼΪ˷ֹԼվԼΣյѡ
ˮľʵѾ˶־Ȼı䲻䱾ʡ
ʼɣ
ˮľԸš
ԣ˫ͳſƷĿޣĿӰβȵԴ棬ԭĿ͵Ӱһ˱顣
˭ڴңҵ֣ǲ
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㡭ԣ㵽˭
ȻԼǰҩʦһһͷ׷Բҩʦ
һ֪ˣΪƾͿԿң
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ǣԭҩʦﻹЩʱˮľǰȻ޷Ӧ
治ĴƢǴ󡣲ܸһ㣬ұǰǸͷļһҪǿܶࡣ
ʵߵͣʵǿܵתʩ߿Ƶġ
ʵԽǿĻ壬ѿƵԽǿĿӰǧǲʵƣûܹٿǵĻ塣
ĿӰߣʵδжǿֻѪ޽ŶݱȽ鷳ͣ鷳


753 
ĿӰĸ߰ੲݣβȶöࡣ
ͼǰĿӰӶֻǾصȴˮľѯʡ
תԤеĴܶ࣬ĿӰҲתӵĿˮľ
ĻҲľҶ߰ɣѵڵ̽Ѿǿزˣһˣ̴Ӱ
ĴҲˣϾڵڶ̽սУҲպյǿߡ
ҩʦΪĸ࣬ѧһָҲ
һЩʵǿҷǳľҶߣʵ˸̾ľҶ˽ܵ顣
ĿӰάˮľƽ˵
ʱ͹ȥˡܶǰɱĳɰ֮ЫҲҸɵˣҲǸ㱨˳ĶˣΪҹһЩҲȻ
ˣ
ĿӰмطʡ
һ˵ʲôԹģ˵ʲôãҲͬĻͲ𣿡
ǲĻش𣡡
ˮľҶûнĿӰҩζĻشתԲʵ
֪λǰʲô˵ģ
ˮľһۺʵ
ܹٿһεİβʹҲ޷
Ǿͺã
ˮľͷܹϵĻ壬Ҳˮľʡٲ;ѹ䷴
ĿӰˮľؿƺЩ߷߲ƽݡ
ǽΪԼô;νĻ룬ܴ⡣
ֱĹҲһνĲ֮ڸӴʵ깥ǰֻһЦ
ÿƷԺĿӰ־ĨȥҲܺܺõؿƣӴʩߵĸһʵήͲ١
ǣҲûֶΣͲд۵ͫ񣬾ͿԻƻתǿơ
ˮľûͲдۣЧҲܲĻϷ˯硣
һˣˮľ˼һʹõɵ鷳
һ͵Ǻʱػ˼꣬˶㲻ϣˮľҲźǿ˵˼䣬ֻǳڱܵĶԸ߼ǻ۵ضѡ
ôܲߵĨɱһꣿ
ˮľ̫Ҳֻ硢ܹɡ
걾ǿ󣬵رͣҪߵĥʵ̫ˡ
ֻǽѹƣûƣΪԼõֶλǺܶġ
ĿӰѱʮõߣ䵱ĿܲݣҲʵ̫˷ˡ
Ҳַܹݣҩʦûƿأ˲޵Ĳ֮ɵΣɾʹˡ
ңˮľҩʦĿƷĶûУΪûôϰĽȻҲ޴̸
ⲢˮľʹԼķʵһĿꡣ
ˮľһоȫϷ˯͵ľִΪĽģȻһҲ⡣
תдӡϷ˯ͻת϶ɵĿƷ䣬ĿӰԺ֮һˮľɲݵĹܵĻ͵ˡ
ʱ̴ڻеĻ壬˾󲿷սܾ㹻ˡ
ĿӰ֮ˮľ޶ԵĲȡ
ҲҪô
Ȼ
ˮľ̽벼ȵڣһŰβˮľĸ֪С
ǸţֻǰβţѵһǣȻܹôࡢôβ޲
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Щ̾ˮľץȡһְβȻӡס
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ûˮľĴ㡣
ϣŵԣʱ⿪ƣҿ
İɣǴ棬ʧġ
ˮľ˳ؽĿӰͲȷӡպ֮󣬹ٴͳһۻѪҺڵɫʾѾˮľõֺþˡ
ÿӡʻƵķŹβĹעʼɢĹâ룬һҰƤ壬һտһ㣬޷Ӧ
ˮľתƷİ׾ķˮľսץסļսƷ֮һ
һĳڰ׾ϣһ췢ӳǰûõĳš
ûбҩʦȡ
ˮľһ
û֮ǰתãع龻ֻҪˮľǰٻһ汾ֻսҲܲˣؼǲޣһԲܵ弫Ӱ졣
Ȼˮľ֣ûҩʦֵˡ
ֻˣӦô
ǻתҲĲ˹ĳţ̧ͷͿǰˮľ
ּˣš


754 
𿴳Ÿ֮һӵӡ
ʵϣҪսֻۣʱǿģ
ֱӵսˮľѾڵĳŲ˶ˡ
Ƿȱֲֻ̽
սϣתĳŻвСİˮľصĻݡ
ûֻۡҲûгΪʮβܹݵ
ˮľһҲûС
ǧǰ˷֮󣬳ɾݾôѡ
ûоĲգҪݵֱ췽ҹ̷
ܱˮľеĻתߣ˳֮⣬Ҳǲˡ
ǲʱԼϣûа취Ƕʩչת
ʱ򣬳žͳ˵һѡ
ˮľȲصȵʱͽͨ˳
ոճֻЩеŪ״ĳţϸشһΧ״֮󣬲ſˮľ
㡣
ȻŤͷ˹εķ
ֻһͿԽҿƣ˾̾
תҲǵһμ˰ɣÿһ嶼ҪԼʵĻʲôֵ
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ճɻҽЫû취תˡ
ƻǸϲϱ仯
ǸʱѧģʽҲûԼôǿôĵơ
⣬Ҫܹҵǲֹˮʬ壬Ǿٺòˡ
ʵڲУҪǲʬϵDNAŪ֣Ȼûתͨ
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֮ɳ֮УǶǰ棬ɶȻظںੲݡ
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˵ҲǣЩҷһߣ´ı壬һҪÿ
˵ţѾʹķɶθϽŽǶȥķȥ

֯ӵֻ۵졢ԼSǲɱ鱨Ż֮һսĽ̽硣
˵ѵһĸ߶Ƶس̽磬йעµ˶硣
̴֮лǿľҶ룬˵е֮һҲˣм̳˴룬֧ԮȻûֹֹβ䣬Ľԭ֯Щ̫صˣ˸µʶ
ٶʶˣĳ̴ʵ޷ԸЩʵǿŵ̵Ľġ
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759 ھ
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ŵʱҲὫ֮ӶϤĽ̵Ŀǰʵڵ˼
ҲֻǻùãùԶһֻϸ󡣬Ȼ̽˰֮У￴õʲôһɲδҿһЩӦÿġǶǵƬΣΣҲҪÿ˵ѡ̽δΪҪŬǲܵġ


760 
仰˵ˣҲֻԼʹѣΨһ𣬾¶֪øһѡ
֪һ£ܹʲôΪһ¡
ܹ֮ӵĴڣʱٵʱ򣬵׻ᷢʲôҲ֪Դ֮󣬾һƬհףѾܿķΧˡ
֪֮ˣôѡǾصĴ£ֻе˲֪
ȻһֿܣǾѾսᣬȻͿһƬ֮ʲôˡ
ҲĦһ´˵ĻȻ󲻵òͷ
Ȼ˴˵Ԥԣʹ˽δ翵ˣҲҲķ
飬֪ʲôô
֮ӣӵд˵еֻҲǲ⣬ֻֻĳһıһ֣ǳϵܣʲô
ѾˣȻźһжûнǰһЩǡ
ҲһЩ飬ԭԭظ˴ˡ
ҲҲЩɻ
˼֮󣬲ų˵
ҿδûз¡ûδѾˣҲ޷жϡ˵Ǹʵĺ󱲡ˮľеԤûӰ
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Ҳһ㶡
ľҶߣڹؼĵطûְɣ
ģʽֳǿкϳѪ޽磬츳֮Ĵ趼ˡ
ʱˮľôǿĻľҶ岻֪ٶ鷳
ڴԤԵδûг֣ˡ
һֿܣˮľ֮Ӿ̽δ֮ǰѾˡ
һ˵ǵģǾδѾױıˡ
μȻ࣬ҲԼԼ˲١ǰȷ֮ӵѡҼһЩףҲ඼εһΣˮľδԤС

øӼˣҲЦһ
ԭֻһʣֻ۵Ĵǲзû뵽˸鷳
ҲóüСҲı仯ǺûǻҲ˵׼ˮľȻľҶ崦ͬһӪӦûʲôΣŶԡ
˵ŵĴתͷʵ
ˮľΣʲôо
˳Ƭ̣Ȼش
ͣӦһ˲ܵˣʾģһֵʡǧ֮ĮȻڼأϸᣬȻԷ֣˺ľҶһЩ롣һƬõ԰еһ֧¼Ȼе񣬵ʵкܶ಻ͬġ
ȷʵΪһ̸Ҳʡ
Ҳ۲Ȼ̫飬Ҳûʲô˼ҶľҶҲ㾡ľǸԭˡ
ԭ򣿡
̾һ
˲Ÿ˵ǰԽԭǿߣάµߵĳӵĶƻ˸ҲͱԽס
άϵҵһ⵽ƻŷɵУܿ볣档
ҲȻصͷĴ衣
˽˵
ҲľɽбҪĻǲһ
֮ҡҡͷ
ˣ˳Ȼɣ֮Уһۣ㶼㲻
еԭ֮ˣ϶ʹ˽
ԭƽ޲ĺ棬ͻȻͶһСʯӣ϶᲼棬΢ŶҲᴫݵľɽ
ڵϣͻȻһˣԭƻķչ϶ᷢ仯ǺǻǾͺ˵ˡ
ҲҸᣬľɽɣģʽѧϰҪ쿪ʼ
ֶ֮ӵӰǺܾǰ׼飬ôˣʱռʮǰµӣķ˶Ĺʵˡ
Ѿаˡڻһֵ⣬ֻۣ׸ô죿
Լϣӡһֻֻ۱ƻˣͽܹ뵽취ʹõˣˮľǴ衭
ˮľҲá
ҲЩ⣬ǵͷһѡ˲ˡ
Ѿˡ
ŶôˣӦð
Щ⣬Ҳûôϡ
㿴Űɡһֻֻۻ㷢Լֻֻ۵ʱ򣬾ͽɡ
ʵھͽ飬ҲǲУ򵥴ֱķ˵зա
ֻ̽۾޷ʮβѰһֻֻۣҲ֪ü


761 
ֻǸöҵһΡͬʱܵסֻĵߺѡ
ǲʣΪͲдۣΪֻۣһ뼸ǰ׾ϸܹṩΪӴ£ſܹʹħҿƻǺܵһʮβʧˡ
һߣֲֻۣܹɶͲˣֻ۵췽ҹ̷
Ҫ˵ֲֻۣһֻҪСܶд۶ס
ĻľĲҲôȣ־ŲضȡǲֹˮͲд֮õҲôѾ˼ֲ˳ϸίдæǿܹʹá
ܹһ已̥һֻõ̶ȣѾˡ
ȲǲˣҲûֲĿӰǧϸͰ׾ϸͨħ֮ǰܹ״ʹã൱ˡ
ݹľҶڵһߣûһʡ
ˣΪҪѹƾβҲû
ͬΪм̫ףسҲǳǿӴĲǷӡ͸֪ȻȣѾǿ˲٣ţвСĲġ
£Ҫʹֻ۵ΨнˮľʹоߵֶΣʹ＼вܵӦֻܹۣӳǿս
ҲˣǣһҪõֻ۵ͱҵʵļ塣
˵Ҹ棬ҲҲȫ⣬ͬĴ÷ֻǡ
Ϊʲôֻ̽۵ӳó
˽͵
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ʹͲдۣҲֻĳ̶ȣʮβʵ̫ˡ
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˿ЩԵҲҡҡͷ
ЩҪȲ֮ӣֻܾ̽δúÿˣЩ⣬õδġ
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˵治Ǻ˳ԭԤпԻյβҲûе֣۽ֶ顣
Ȼû˽ǣҲһδۡ
ʧľҶҪСܴ߳ȫһġ
ؽָʵ˵ÿһ̶ǱĲƸοһʧĻһ
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ʦڶȥ֮һҲˣȻûлĽֻ˵˻̫ǿˡ
ĽĿˮӰڤҲ൱ʧ
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һ޵Ŀע֮£ṩ˲ٰľغвʱæСӣЭ֮£ݡ｣ڱˡ
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˷ܵسԼ֮˲ɵôΪɥ
ΪʲôҲܹˮľʦ｣ӳȥ
ֻҪĲãͻҵرмλ˵Լ
ˣÿһʹãԼֱ۵ѹܴ󣬺һԼʵܲ˳е˶˵̶ֳֻȣȴҲǿ˶١
ʽһ£һ־͹ˡ
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762 ɾ
Ҫʹ÷ݡ｣ǿĿز١
û㹻ĸ֪ͻҪͨ｣һSķͶģʽֱӵֶΡ
ȫλߵʣûбģʽЧˡ
ģʽʵҪ̫ˣΪһ֪жٳǻ˸ָķ
ҪΪֻˮľڴȻ⣬ͨʥЩֻˮľֻ࣬ǲ࣬޷βϡ
ʪֵôģˮľö֪ضİŪӡֶ֪Բûκγɹ
ЧĻľɽͨҲĴĿӰˮţô׼иʣھࡣ
ֻҪʵĽ̵ѧģʽӦòġ
ԼлԶδһɥٴ
ʦô
ʱϢ죬С
иûľɽĸͣҪɹʵ̫ˡһҪܶľɽеĵ߸ûоḻָԼһʵ̫Σˡ
ڣѾƣһ̶ȵˣҪϢˡ
úýãҪ֪Ȼֱǲܵ顣
죬ľûٸ˰пγ̣Ҳûнȡ
س̵·ϣͻȻЩ˼ʵ
ʦм£֪ܲܰ㡭
ŤŤĻƽʱֵܴ
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Ǹ㿴ѾˣζѾΪ̺þˣֻһһ̣ǲǲ̫ƽ
ʵϾҲˣСʱһίҲˣԼҲѧǳҪǻһ̵ͷʵ̫ˡ

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߽ҪִͬУܹƼһ£궼ڴ޴̸̫٣ұҲǺܻԾҪеѣƸΣҪɿģأûʱˡ
ôҲС˵ʲôͬ⣬Ҳˣ̶УҲǲ
Ǿû취ˣӰ˲Ǵӵͷ죬ִ˵еĻ˵Ҳ㣡
ǰҲոջشʱúһ£˵üǸʱû˵ߵȼС¡
ڣ͸û˹ˣβߵȼôҪ
ֻҪָˣ̸һʸҲûʲô˵ġ
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ߵȼҲˣ֮Сӣ磬ͬΨһһ̣ộ
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Ȼ˻и˽ĵ뷨
һ̣ôһһỤ̊
⣬͸Խ
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ߵĻ϶ʵҲݡ｣ܿѧᣬβ޻Ҳòβ͵Ӳлѧģʽ
ûҲĽ̵ûܹһˡ
ôܳΪ̣ͬ鶼ѾˣܲЩСһӣȥμ̿԰ɣ
һ뵽ҪľҶЩűСһϷ˾;ñһоΧ̹ǵһڳЦԼ
Ҳûа취Ҳְ̫ҵ
ľ֮˵
֮ʵȻбã̾ΪֹĹѫִҲӶȻҲֱ̣ӳΪ̣
𣿡
ԭ־˶ʱϲ
ԭķ֪ˡһҪúУúԣȫ˶޻˵ĴͣˣʦҶϿˣǲǾͿԵϻӰ
ԭٵ˼˾̲סʼ˼ˡ
Ӧÿ԰ɣš
ֻ˴ľԾԾԵˣҲôĻԣֻڸš
Ҫһɲף
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ʮ˵
ˮľʦǰ˵ǵϻӰͬǴͬˣܵϻӰ
Ŭһ㶼ͻһиϳǲӮСӣĵĻᣬȻӦô


763 
Ѫ޽絽ʲô
ˮľҲͼ
ܿϧֻѪŴʣʵ̫鷳ˣΪ෱࣬γɵԭҲһ
ļӵеӡȻҲһѪ޽磬γɵԭΪĸš
ҹʬǲдۡİ۵ȵȣѪŴĽ
ֲʱ仯ں϶γɵѪ޽磬ȴЩһ
ݡ۶ݡжݡƶݵȵȣЩ׵Ѫ޽磬ҲܹͨѪŴҾѵļҲ͡
ˮľɲʱ仯ں϶ɵѪ޽磬һǱܵĹ̡
壬ǱӵĿԣֻΪʺⲿı仯Щֶѡ
ʹݡжݡ۶ݵѪ޽磬ûаһѪ޽ĿܣӵбѪ޽ˮ¼壬Ҳпʹ۶ݻ߷жݡ
ǲĺˣǲӵа۵ģͬ͵Ѫں϶ͻĿҲС
ȻǺֲֶͨεƵ˵
ֲʱ仯ں϶ɵѪ޽磬ȴпݣȻɹĿԲ󣬵ȷʵǿеģһӾĿˮӰڤ
ҲһЩͬʱݸѪ޽磬ˮľӡУҩʦʹõԶӰͿʹðҹʬڵڵѪ޽硣
ԭͷԣƿɳµСӣ˵ӵѪ޽磬ܵ飬ڣȴΪʵ
һԵĲʱ仯жɵҲΪÿ˵ⲻֲͬͬЧ
ֲʱ仯ں϶ɵѪ޽磬Ǳֵôྶͥ
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ҰӣβĲΪжɵķжݣֳԣڵķӳǳ͵ĹٶȺͿֲ
ʹβ޲еʱСӣãϾάڵȻβ޲ƽЩʹ÷жݵʱ򣬲ôӦ֡
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βάΪǿβ޵̣ôܻ᲻ǿ
ľҶѵҰӣջظոջȭͷ
гɹ֮ҪԼСӣһȫʹԼȭͷû棬ɵЧʵǴĿġ
Ŀĵ棬ûһƬãػһδεһõѡ
ӿʯ䣬תĵֲ𶯣˳ŵرݵԶĵط
СӣȽԶһأ˴һΪʲô£æСӣķ񱼣ûص㣬ͿһŵǲվһžˣǰĶ
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СӣУҲҿ̫ʱֻԶԶشţżСӣϢʱȥ׽û뵽ȻҲ
ûļһʲôҲûŬС
ϲؿСӣһԼ״̬ʱ͵͵ջ

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һˣɵԼԭܸԼӡѾˡ


764 
ӡ״̬ûˣ컯ɵ׹⽣Ҳڡ
Ȼ׶ȻܹʹãԲĴ̼֮£ٶȻܿ죬ϾǰѹԵˡ
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ĬΪԼӵ˲˵
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ܹǰɵ㶵سѾ߿һˣаվͷɣ
ڵţֻһ߼ĻԶԶֲԼ֮ĲģȫƣԲǼ򵥵Ϳƽġ
ҪʵĹά
ŤͷһϢСӣȻתȥ
Ҳֻȡ裬˱£һسӡ
ǲĿ뿪Ƴһ۽еСӣһ˲Ҳ뿪
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ﻹŵͬһĵģ֪ʲôȺ뿪ˡ
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ҪľǸϰȻʵսˡ
СӣҲף̽ĶҲŸոտʼԺеǿԼԸԲȱӡ֤ԼʵĻᡣ

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ΪߵﵹǱԭһ㡣
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ľɽеԶҲ֪ôȥﲻæҪĻһġ
ͨôĿռ䲨ˮľõľҶ棬Ҫˮľĸ֪ܡ
Щǵİ£ˮľҲûʲô˵ġ
ʮŮѾ̫Ҫʦָˡ
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765 
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ǻ᳡׼һ顣
ڱڽܹĵ׼ʱˮľȴǱȽеġ
һЩûˮľˣˮľģ඼Դ鷳
ѩ׷ɵˮľеʱ丨СУҲܹúһСˡ
Ѿ࣬ҪСңڸͷѾСˡ
̽磬Сӵĳɳƺܿ죬СңͬСҪԵôһ㣬ҲķΧ֮ڡ
ˮľСĳ뱣ЩͬСǸЩŮӣľҶҲһˡ
ҲˮľߵĽһµġ
СҶ¿ʼˮľһֱһƽȽʹٲĳ磬ҲƶСķǳ֮١
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ڼ˸ԼӲҪ۸СңʹǵСŮ̫ˡ
ˣСҲѧ˸ĸĿĿȾĽľҶеˮľ˾ĸ߼ɲҪ
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ȫڷѩУů͵ļӣҲ൱Ĳ
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ҲµԼġ֯ɱһ֯
ȻڳźСϵǿѹ£֮ÿǰŽᣬųŵ䣬֯Ŀ϶ǲԼħڵ˪֮
֮ûĵطһ顣
ųŵʬ뿪Сϣ׻ûȤûƿ֮˵Ҳڣֻ˻ص֮仺شĻ״̬
ڣȥ֮ʲôã
תһ룬ˮľͻȻ˶ȫ֪֯ʵ
е鱨ʾ֮ǡ֯ıڵأڣ϶ľҶ鱨̽鵽֮Ķ
Ӱٿ֮ǰҪһ֡֯鱨Ļʲô˵ӰӰ̽
Ƕǵ鱨Ϊ̽µĲգʵ̫ɿˡ
һս֮󣬶ԡ֯Ĵ󲿷鱨ʱˡ
ȻԤ֮Σգôܹȥ߾֮ˡ
ҲҪȥ֮֮ӰӰ̸̸ֱ
ðɣ֮һҲȷʵԼۻˮľҲ
ˮľ֪֮ھǸռӣ˳Ҳȥﻹûʲôֵѹεĺö
֮ӦѾû껢ʱ޿̵ļӡҲûˮľɵǿˣֻһܹˮľΪΪµطѡ
ðɣ
е˷ʱ֮⣬Ҳûʲôõģںļڣȥĵطʵ̫ˡ
ûо񣬾ô
ֳһ£¶˵
ȺףһľҶҪҳΪˡ
ף
飬˭ϻӰλãʱ䳤ˣ˼ʽ
λıΪľҶ죬ȻΪӵ͡
ʲôĴͳǸսҲݵ̽û˵
֮սֻһԼ׳ɵĹأǾǾƽ
һѾĹңΧĴҪȡ̽ʵ֣Ҳǿ顣
ȷϡ֯Ѿ˳֮һᴦõġҪ̴ߣô죿
֮
ҪͻӰڼòҪ֦
ˮľͷ
Ҫ¶ˣʱӦÿһ£Ŷԡ
ȻǸֵľˮľҲִֻˡ
ڶһ磬ˮľǱСЩСңðŷѩ뿪ľҶ壬ǰǸս֮Ĺȡ


766 ҽ
һĹңԭԼɵĳѾˣˮľȻûǰ͵͵ʱС̬ˡ
ȻСľҶеԶˮľʱռǰҲֻǲ΢Щġھӡѡ
ǰˮľȻûеôĵط
Ǹʱʱڵ껢вԼÿǳֹ
Ϊˣÿ飬ûеõʲôõϢιҲͲٹùˡ
һ̲ͣȻڣֻˮ֮Уټһ˿Ĳ
̫䣬ˮУżƮһƬС
£ż磬ʵ̫ˣȻûѩѩĻ֮ˣȸ֮֮ҪѰ
ҵ˿ڲǺܶ࣬ӵĻ£˸֮١
ԭԤпܻǵ֯һû
ԤеĻҳ棬ûô࣬Ҳ֮ļˡ
ЩִС¥޴󻯽ϵĶĹңˮľȵط֣СϣȻŲٱ˫ʹģװΡ
СαװʹȻڣ
ˮľǶ֮ûЪ˹ķЩ⣬ϸ۲֮󣬲ס
ŶҵͳΣΪΪֶεĸѹά֡
ȻѹԵ֤ѾˣȻ޶ȵάҵȶ󲿷ˣȻԴǺƽʹŲɡ
ȻڼΪĳѾܾòˣʹȨʱ򣬱ͺٳ֣Ҳܹ˲ηһּ
ҲҵĴ󲿷ˣͲ֪Ѿûͳˡ
ȻҲһЩ֮ϵ̽ĵߣʵȻ̫
ˮľȲѵҲһССĲϮܳ״ݻɳ̲ϵλóǱڣŽͳƶȣȻá
ھ˽ĵ֮ˮľòȷһȵʵûĸ棬õȶܻһʱ䣬ڲһЩгأʱûսĿܡ
Ҳһûᣡ
ˮľһ߹۲Ĺȣһ˼Լõĵط
ѾˣСҲҲصĵĵطˡ
ǣʹȻڡ
һҵȨˮľǰֿɵá
ҲԱ˵еѣˮľʵԼ۵ĸֶΣҪһ㣬Ӧòʲôܵ顣
ˮľ˵ƶ֮죬ȨӰϣȲˮľеְλľҶ徯пĿӰλá
ƿ֮ƱػӭһȺ˵Ŀ̽ҪǱ¶Ļ϶顣
оеСʧ
û㹻ĺô˷Ѿðŷֵòʧ飬ȷʵе㲻ʱˡ
֮ûжˮľ۵Ķ
ʲôࣿ˷浽ˮǻɹ۵Ĵƽˡ
ô˿ڣô
վ߽֮Ķˣˮľڴи·ˮݵĹȡ
ЩԱǼߺ͸˵дã
ƹһҵʳסСϲʵ̫ˡ
ˮľ㿪ʼ﷢չʵûǸҲûǸȤ
ʱȡȨĹңˮľʺϲˡ
ˮľ֮׵Ȩû֮ģҪģֻҵĹϵѡ
翵϶ɵ̽磬аϣΪڵķ֮⣬ΨһüŵģʮβľŴβˡ
ˮľȻ봴һβޣŴβ޵ĲѾˣûбҪֶ顣
ˮľҪģǴӸԴͷĵط֤־ǷĴ漣
ԴˮľõħƬ֮󣬽ΪϷ˯ķӡڣԤֶΣ׼һֱҲûᡣ
ƾˮľԼʵһ̲ͣռ־Ҳ֪Żгɹ
ӽɹʵҲ֪˶ꡣ
ˮľҪʵôǿĶֻģһӵȨĹ߶ѡ
ӵлϷ˯ˮľϿԸı磬֣һֱǸ⡣
ڣѾ˵ĳţƾ͸Լһʵôˮľϲ
û뵽һйµ񣬾Ȼջ񡣡
ͬʱˮľҲЩ²⣬ΪʲôŻ᲻ؽԼ񻯣
ӵֻۡħĳţҲǱܵʹʶУŶħ񡢶ʮβԼ飡


767 ȡ
Ŵһʵġ
ң걸Ĺϵ
֮󣬵ȸСȫ
ȥƽСȼɭϵ˿ֲĵز
߸ϵ빩
ÿһְλ˵
ǿֶκ淶ķ档
ϵ£ˣǡ񡱣Ҳ
ÿһȼϯλ͹άĹߡ
ΪǿԼֵϵȨλ
ڣλãΪŵ˳
ˮľ泤λõѡû˱Ӻʵˡ
ʵ⣬ˮľҲֱֿʳŵĻ塣
ôļܡתȻ˽ɿʼʹãҲͲǰˮһԶ֮ˡ
ҪŴ󿪡ˮľĹȣʵ̫ˡ
ٴλص磬ʲôо
ųŵĻƺЩؿ·ȻȻĹңˮľɵóʵ
еĳţǱתȻûлֱָ֮ħȡѾҩɾȵ˫ȣֻԼٻıɫ档
ʱûȥãȴԣȷʵǸһ硣
ѾҳûйϵˣֻΪԭٴλѡ
ЦͲҪ˵ˣ
û뵽˵ĳţȻػһ档
Ҳˣӹ֮ҡв֣ûл֮Ҫ˶þͻɴ֮Ľ
ԣһ˵Ҫ޹ϵĹң
ЩƵ˵
㲻ôĵ˰ɣ
̫鷳ҲֶΪƾ٣Ҳûʲôã
Цҡҡͷ
һˣ㶼׼˵滰
Ҫ֪ʲô
Щ飬̫鷳ˣˮľԳ˵ô࣬ҲֻԼϣܹˮľһ㡣
˵ˣԽҲûʲôӰ졣
Żعͷ
ҪʲôչǺ£УҪõöࡣ
Ϊ֪ˮľûʲô̫ĿԳŶˮľʵ뷨ҲǺܸȤֻҪҵȻð;ͺˡ
ٺòˡ
ŵĻ岻ϣˮľҲܹûתĨȥ־ͨӹҡ
Ļͽˮľʵγ֮ˡ
Ҫִô鷳Ļˮľĳ㣡
һᰵзһº͵ϵӹ֮ճ͵壬Ϊȥ֮һֻ㱨һжļ󡣶ڶ⣬ˮ©Ҫñ֪ʵ
һö෽ܹܵĽˮľҪġ
λ㣬ϣЭ񡭡
һңһҪɣ
ܵöĻֵļһ̿϶ǲģΨһȱ㣬ܾǰתţǼ⡣
ԼУ̫Ļܹ̫ྫ˺ļһ߼˵ġ
ȻˮľҲûʲôʸ˵˾ˡ
ô룡
Ǹȡ裬Ҳ漰ʲôףһתҲûҪ͵̫ϸֻҪóԼʲôõˡ
ôȡҶǸҪú˼һ¡
Ϣأû֪ҵѾˣȻֲػˡ
֮󣬼ΪʵסǱϵܵõʹ
ܽء˯ΪŮ쵼壬ƹ֮ճȨ
ˮľİ֮£Ϸˣһ֮̽걸ķϵٴؽ
ƿʼȶҰļҲòٴݷ
̴˵һµƿ֮֮ˮĿоС˺ܶ࣬Ӷ֮̽٣Ҳࡣ
ˮľԸֻ㱨Ľ۾ͺܴˣ֮صϴ󲿷ؽҡ
ҵ֪˭Сط˿صҲֻʵ죬ֻҪʵʿߣȻӦغ͵λ
ûϷ˯ǱĬؽҵľʹ͵ת޵ħƬϡȻ䱾ܵգͲҪˮľ±عˡ
еֶʵԶԼˣƿľٶңˮľҲû˺ǣûûūۺʹǡ
ˮľһŵС͵ſڵǮǮ͵͵óһöѡ
׫ҲòˣˮľҲֻöѣάô˵ڱ֮ľ˵á


768 Ԥ֮
ӡϷ˯ԼˮľľִħƬ󵽵׻ʲôˮľҲ˵׼
ģӵʱʲô׼ȷ;ĶóĽܿǿܴ󣬵ƵЧ
ˮľԴ˼
ܱ˵ĶжãǶԼģֻͨԼ˫ִĹߣõõӦ֡
ǲߵֻۣڳϣԸģʽ˶ܳǲ߻ֱֻ֮ӾͿƷ̽磬ǽĶԼĶıʲࡣ
Ŵβ޵ĲÿһݣӡħƬ̫֮仯ħƬͱ֮ˮľʵϣΪƿأռƻȡռ֮ľԴ߻ľƬ״к滹ڳ˯

صľҶ֮ˮľģɵı棬Ҳûϸ׷Ƕԡ֯Ƿĳ֮ʵúϸ
Ҳ˵⵽ش֯ڿʼж
Щͷۣԭ걸鱨ʱƣܶ඼Ѿ׼ȷˡ
Ƚ˽ĸޡǶͷɶΣȻ鱨ȽʵҲ˱ȽϳӦԷȴǰж
˼ɵľԳǲߵߵ䲻˵ǵģǻһֻֻۡ
Ӧǣ
ˮľͷ
ġ֯ѾײˣѾﳹһ顣
ҲʣµΨһһѧСҲô
ûκη֣
ⲻˮľ׫ûСϵټ
ʵǿСϲαװһɣôбץסʵţҲ
ֵͷ
ȻϴҲͷŹŮߣȻҲ׷ᡣ
Сϱûʲôر˲룬ֻǰĵشͳ߶ѡ
βʵᣬҲûˮľʲôˡ
Щʣˮľǵһʡ
ִ֪˾ôһֻֻۣ
ԭΪһԼ˺þãȻûκжˮľЩֺҲʲô㡣
ֻۣҲԼˣϾѧίиã
ô
ˮľЩʧ
ûúһ£ôҲһǿս
ҡҡͷ
Ҳȥһľɽ˽ҲҸáҪ
ˮľЩΣЩԹ۵Ĵ󡣬ڿʼֱӰ̽硢Ҳѡˡ
ֻ۾Բһǿսô򵥡
ֻۺħǧ˿Ƶϵ
ӵֻۣħúԶܹǲħĿȨˡ
ǲ߸վֻۣħͨȻһ·շתǲʱ򣬽һֻֻ۾ܹܺõؿħսΪʮβˡ
ֻۿĻܽеȨԼˡ
ΨһǷȱģǺھǷܹ˳ʩչݡ塤ͬôͲľҹѷӡ
ֻҪܹͲľҹ֮ʵˣڸļƷǼ޵еǲߣòˡ

뿪˻Ӱ칫ңڴѩľҶֵϣɵѩѾøɸɾԾΪǹŴӵ򣬲ЩӶ
ƺصˮľ·ϣҲûʲôһֱˮľعſ֪֮󣬲ŲһǰûעĲ
βѾˣô̵ʱ䣬ѧϰģʽ϶ܳɹӦֻǱŻϢ
ߣˮľо˼ϤĲŮ־ˡȮڣɽоҰҰӣڣӦϴ˵ĳףɡ
ˮľ׼ȥתؼҵʱǰһϤӰסˮľ
ˮľʦ
ɫɫ˫ͫŮߣǺþòϦպ졣
ã֪ʲô£
ǰܵˣϦպսһߣڰ˰ʦְҲˮľ棬ȻǿָյʵȻûи̫ս
ˮľһ޵ŮߣЩ΢΢¡Ӧǻˡ
ˮľߣϦպ츧һ¶ӡ
ʧˣЩ飬Ҫˮľʦ̸̸һֱæôϣոڽɢǡˡ
ϦպĻˮľüͷ
ˮľԳɰ˹껹ϤϦպҲİϵڰ˰Ĵʦ֮ϦպҲ᲻ʱ
֮ڰ˰죬ѧ֮˾ͺþûˡ
ˮľŮ߻ʲôҪԼ̸
ֲܿƵĸоʵᣬܾʲôõ鷢


769 
ͬɣ˶ԱģΪóĶܽӽͬسǰԼصסԼܡ
ĿǰΪֹˮľóĸֲǺܶ࣬Ψһˮľеģǲ
Ҳֻһ¶ܵĻǱ壬ʵϣ
ϦպܹԻس̣˵ԭаܸǿǲҲΪͲдʵЩϦպĻǿ
ֻ۴ͳĻۣˮľԶԶȲϦպ죬ֻ˼άĹȺͿϣˮľֱѹʶŮߡ
Ů̡Ϧպ죬ȻŮкܵ飬ʵȴһŮϴ춹־ȤͶϲͷС֮⣬ȥСһ
ڣѾˣӦò飬Ӧÿơ
ˮľϦպһ¥ٽֵλ֮󣬺˼䣬Ϧպֱӽˡ
֪ˮľ̻ǲǵǰ̸СӣǸҼǵǽϷ˯ɣ
Ȼ£ˮľʱһͷۣʱ䣬û뵽Ϧպ컹û£ŮߵִϸĹȻС
֪֪ʲô
ˮľƽػش
ȻѾڳȥˣ;ˮľԼ˭Ҳ֪
Ѿ¶ĹܣѾΪ˼ɵˡ
Ҳ˿ֻһЩǿھͨ۵ϦպǰһЩⱻǳ顣
ƺˮľ̬ȵ䵭ϦպҲΪ⣬̽ܣѯʣͲʲôѺõľٶˮľЩҲ
һЩ²⣬ˮľ֤ΣԣʵЩ˷Ĳ¡ң㽫̸Сӣʱ򣬲û˵һЩԺͽɡ
Ϧպ
ɵĺõĻܻᷢһЩֲĴ󡣡
󣿡
ˮľʵ
ָ֪Щ
Щ
Ϧպɫһ
øıһ˵־ŪĵĻҲһ֮ң˰ɡԣǳͷβĽ
⻰ʵҲûȻûʲô˵˵Լ׳ɵĹصġ
ͺñ޲ɴΧ˵ķΧһҪʹãΪܻܿ˺̽ĸ
ɱƽҲܴȥˡ
⣬ʹõʱֲ˵ΣӰ֮֮⣬˸ôãˡ
ʬ⾡ķӡҲڴࡣ
һ࣬Ūߵ˸е죬תȡ
гŤ˵־ݱֻͨҪ֮󣬱Ͳ̫಻ֲ˺ͬ뾫ıһ˵ĸ֪ǳͷβĽ
ˮľĻϷ˯磬Ǵࡣ
ǰ̿ԣΪСӣʵ㣬δʲôΣݾֱ˺꣬˼ɵĽ
Ҳ֪˲٣
־ͨˣˮľҲû۾˵Ϲ
˽ĹΣһͬоôãֵܷҲ඼ˣһЩεܣˮľֻҪԼ˵Ҳû֪ϸ
ô
СӣҪˣһεĻܲôˡ
ҪˡҾܾ
ˮľҡҡͷ
֪һЩ֪òȫ棡
÷ӡʩչѾһķ룬˵еҲˡ
ˮľڰͷ
˵ꡣ
ЩеŮ߽ʱ򣬻еǿϦպƺıʡ
ǻʹò˺˵ֶΣϷ˯磬߷ӡν𵽵ЧҲûʲôͬ𵽵úܶ࣬Ҳֻм򵥵Ĺһ;ΪΣվͲʹãҲ̫ǳˣǼ򵥵Ļݡ֮Ҳһ˼Ķ岢򵥵ġ
Ҳˣ㲢ûиҪá
ÿҪãֻҪǹͲöԼͬʹã
ǣһʼ˶Լʹõķɣ
ˮľ̾һǾ̡ͨ
ǰľΪķƣ²Ϸ˯ԶԼʹãϦպ죬Ҳʵ
ܶԼʹõĻÿһǾԲ⴫Ľͱǲда᪣
㶼֪
зһЩżϵֻƬ
ȷʵĳԣΪ˶Կ־ŲصĻԼȻʴıմʩоͿʼڵģ


770 ʾ
һĳԣΪʱƶĿȫǣҲ顣
Ϸ˯о֮ʼˮľûнĻ
Ϧպ˵⣬ˮľϵʱЩûжԵİƷ̸Ұӣȷʵеðʧǣ߲ôô
ˮľʱɲ뵽Լδôǿ
ʵһЩ룬ԭΪֻ翵İΣû뵽һ߹֮󣬷ֶҪɵˡ
ʱˮľ˼ǣһԼʧˣ߰;ˣ飬һļһԼɡ
ԲûиСӣԼһЩ롣
еΣգˮľҲСӣˣǾûơʮ־ѵۡ
شСӣ̽ĻԣϷ˯Ľ֣ɳڱĮʧ
ʱ֤Լ̽ںۼĿľ޷ʵˡ
ڿСӣȻзӡ츳ˮľָҲ٣пµоһࡣ
ˮľ֪СӣԻϷ˯⣬ȻͣڻĲ棬ֻǷܹԼʹáԼˮľָ¿һЩСɡ
Ψһջ񣬿ܾΪģʽ֮󣬿ʼӾϵУܹȻϷ˯
ֻһ΢ĸĽ뱾ϵвСĲࡣ
СӣĻ֪ʶ̫ˣҷ̫С
ģʽռ̫ʱ䣬ʹСӣӳÿʱ䣬Ȼû̫õЧ
һ˵ľϾ޵ģ˶ܹ֪Ȼݹ̡ѧϰЧʵġ
Сӣһֲģ
ΪǰͬĴ˵İȫбҪϣһ޿ɺǣ
ܲصؾΪ˵°ɣ
ʮĻŮߣΪСҵˮľʵЩ
Ϧպƺ׼˵
ҿܻ֪òϸ˽һЩ֮Щġ
˵ŵϦպóһϷˮľǰ
ˮľֽӹ·һ¡
һᣬ״ˮľһϵĶݸϦպ졣
û뵽ӾȻ鵽ز
ݲǺܺ棬żΪ꾡ĻϷ˯ÿγֵЧߵ֢״ˮľ߷һϵлݡԼƵ¼ܽᣬоˮľҲִսʱΪħáٳβ޻Ϊάַܵ¶ִ
пǲĴƲסս¶˰᪴ߵƵĹ̡
βϵĻۼľȡ
Ϧպе˵ûϷ˯粢һǸε̻̫أҲĺۼøıһ˵֪ôûһЩе֢״
ָݵģɲֻˮľһӰҲˣɽмľôֻҪ̽飬ҵеèĲѡ
Ҫɽкһǰϸ飬ķֲˣˮľʦô֮ǰͶβˡȻûжٶ⣬Ҳ㻵±¶ĻӰʵڲ̫á
ˮľ֣Ȼ˶֪û뵽һĻҵ֤ݡ
ΪʲôǸִңҪߴӦô赭дֵط˵ɣ
ϦպЦЦ
Ҳ̫Сִ˵ˣ»ԶԶﲻҪԼ˵ĳ̶ȡǸʱľҶ廹ûʽ޽ԼҲûб֣ʹѣ֮ǲļѵˣ
ˮľȻʧЦ
Ҷˣִ˵˼ʲô
ûеˮľ˵뻥̨֮°ɡ
ִ㲻Σӣһ㣬زҪ˺ˡ
ףҲûǸ㣬ҡ
ˮľ¶һЦ
˽Ҫ飬඼ˡ
˾ͺãôΪ˵ˡ
ϦպҲһ
ΪʲôˮľûãͱԤˡ
⣬ִת㣬ʲô⣬һ˶Գеĺܡ
лˣһעġ
ӦǰʾɣҪǽɵԽܵľ͸ս
Ѿ˵ڣܹЩµģҩʦҲˮľˡ
ʵʱһִ˺ú̸̸ġ
ڻõʱʹˮľܹϸһٹǲ˪֮ĵ»أɱʮ׾ţҲûʲô壬ڻҾֻǣֵƷѡ
Ż뿪Ϧպ죬ˮľҲЩп
Ȼֻ֪ҪģҵһЩ˿û뵽ԼΪĵط⡣


771 
Ǽ仰ϦպҲ֪ĺɣ
ֺܿҲὫЩΪ֪˵ܹ֪ڵ鱨ҲֻΪϦպ쾫ܹͨⷽˮľƽȽѡ
ˮľƺ׵Ļ˼ϦպȻЩ⣬Ҳ׷ˡ
˵⻰֪ˮľʦϷ˯磬Ŀĵʲôÿһԭд߸ٹ̵ķ񣬵Ȼʮǿ󣬵ҲЩѽ⡭
Ϸ˯粢࣬սõĹ˵ʵ̫ˡ
ϣȫȥ󲿷ֲԵܹ࣬ʩչٶԣҲûʲô
Ϊô࿴ĹŹֵطϦպжϣϷ˯ͲһĻ
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Ϊ˸ıɣ
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ˮľЩЦ˵ǣϦպΪڿ˸ʣֻǲشѡ
⻹Ƿ뷨
ܹʵı仯ģǷӣҲԶ˰ɣ
ûЩ˿ƫִ쿪뷨϶һ̶ˮ
ϦպЦҡҡͷû˵ʲôת뿪ˡ
ϦպıӰˮľϵЦݣֻԼõϸţ
һΣɲֻ˵˵Ѱ
֮İѾȥˣʼִеļƻٰ;ˡ

ʵûά죬ֿʼ˴ѩ
ĶȻʱԶһ㣬ȴҪöࡣ
ˮľڰ˰ѧںˮľˣΪߵҲʼ˲ٵѡ
ʹһ򵥵ջᣬҲ˲ˣܹʱϹȷʵСûѵСŮܿģ仹ԼףԼʱ
ҪͿĵιȥ˰ɡ
ȻǺôάŻǡʧ̬
̬ȣ΢еӵˣ඼óˣֻ¶ˣ۰Ͱ͵Ұӣߴչȥǲڣһ˼شڵģȴСӣһȭſ£˶ͬе޴
ͬʱԸ°ҲĲһ顢μһϤŮӵջᡢҲûܵǲʱ˿̲ڴ
ԶľҶٹһСϵվǲոʹдۿһ˷εӣԺе鱨˸ɾ
Ӱᣬô
ǲ¶Ȼɫ֮ǰһսԼҲμˣȻ֪еգҪ׽ЩΣյ̣ȫ̽ͨǱġ
ǣߴϾǹң̽һһƾô֣ЩȻҶףϵȴô壬ҵͳߣߴ壬Ҳ̴ӰƹȨĴ
ߴϣǴڹңӴָӡ
ңɹģĽһ֣ûй֧֣ʵ̫ˡ
ԣߴ֮ĬҪĴʵͬһж
̴彻Ҳ˵֮ģ־Ųء
ʹǲʱ뿪ľҶŲأҲò¡ԣӦ˭̬СΪԼשߵĺûᣬûʲôȴ֧֣ұֳͬһóϷˡ
Ƕڰ̫࣬Ҳûж֪ԼΪĹףԼĹҲΪ֪
һξͲһˣִǴǰռȻֻҪֳʲô⣬ܹ˳ؽӹܴӵ
ǧѷĺûᣬ־ŲôŹ
ǡʱ򣬱ǲӵ˿Ȼһ·׷飬
Ҫô
ʱһֱЩĸǲǳһ
һֱѰ־Ųص׷ʱ䣬Ŷļ尾ֱղ֮ǰڻԼһǲҪһеȥǿлɱԼĳˡ
һֱ־Ųأ֮Уǲ̫ľѹڣһжȥˡ
ֻҪ־Ų뿪ľҶ壬ǲвֵĻᣬǰɱǿͻƻɱӣҲѡء
аô
Ϊɱǲ˽ʮ꣬Ҫɱ־Ųصǿٿһʱ仹ǿԵġ
ŬԼʵȷ׵ؽ־Ųɱ
Ȼ¶ļһѾˣȻмǿսӵڶʵڵµ뿪ӣҲ١
Ϊʵ޷𣬶ڵ˵ʵǲ̡


772 
µһ굽ǰϣˮľһڵصŴǾӭµʱ̡
СƺҲʶ˽ĲͬѰһֱǿŲ˯Ҫȴҹĵ
ֻСӱϾûǸֲ˶ãˮľ˯ˡ
СҰٺ֮Сѱ¯¶ȵʵ¶ȣȻһ衣
ˮľִͳĲôϤҲ˵ϲСϾʱȴϲԵİá
ϲ֮⣬ƽʱһЩԼȤҲ㲻
ߵҲֻдɱɱֻ֪
ǳɼҵߣճҲǺҪһ֡
ԽԽˡ
սߣϴεĴУҽ߶
ȻӰỹûпӰӶûУ̴忪ʼĬĬս
ΪѾ뾯õĳԱḻСҲһЩ仯ͨӡѾյ˺ܶصҪ
ת鱨Ӹ߲֮ΪҩʦӶʹǿľҶ岻òʼ׼ƻֶΣ齨ǿķӡСӣճˡ
ܸое㵣ģల£ȴƫƫҪվˣ
ల£
ˮľЦЦûϸ
˶ôģ
ָ˶гֻһԸ뷨
С̾һ
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ԶԶ
̽綥˵̶ֳȾΪֹˣˮľҲ龫ǵؿʲôԲˡ
ȲִܷɱɱһɱķҲܷβܣ̬֡޷ء
зִİգˮľ͸Խ
ôأ
Դģʽ˳ĳɹ֮СʶԼӵеǶôǿ
ˮľҪǿ౶£Ȼ磬ǶĵˣӵľҶΪܵˮľûаգʵ޷
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ûмǲػഺջԼֻʱ޷ǿûмʶѪ޵ѹ¶޷罵̽޲ղĻƻǲĿֲġ
ıԵҪ

Сһ˯Сҡ
ϣŮܹƽƽֳ󣡡
һᱣǵģ
û˼ᶨģˮľôߵһ
ڣԽߵĸҲõͷˣ˿Լʱˡ
û鱨ѹ̽Ӧ˶Ӣ̨ͬˮľЩҲЩԾԾԡ
లţ˽ǻ֮⣬оҪ˵ľˡ

־ŲƢЦľҶߣ֮ʵûʲôøС
ڴӰֵҪʱǿӲ־ŲѾֹһû֮Լѿˡ
ǺսľҶʹ֮зʱ򣬹ִ־Ųأԥ˵ĿӰԳն̫˵ڵĻ
Ի֮ԱɫЩľҶ־¡
ḻľ飬սټϺЭ䶷磬ʹôҶϲ׽Ҫϣȴʮ
־Ų˵ԴΪ׵Ȩγֿ̰ӡклһ£ϲ˴򽻵Ҳ־Ųع¡
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ԭųΪİԼ־Ų쵼ġ֯Բǿȥôܡ
ǲʮһӵʱҲֻһֶӳľʮˣҲԺ󣬲ųΪһĶӳ
ܹɳ߶Ǹ֣Ǻ˼ֻ֪ķӡ
ˣˮľҲʵѾ̫࣬ȫѹǵĳ֮⣬˶Ҫǵġ
һΣ˵֮ͬʱ֮ĸң齨ѹص־Ųأ׼׵֮󣬾ͳˡ
ϸ𱣻־ŲصģˮľԤ֮еɽзŮȡ
̽Ӳ֪ж٣Ѽĸ߿գóαɵķż׻ڸ߿мӡṩ֧Ԯ
Ϊ¹شûκҲûʲô־Ųؾô뿪˴ӡ
ľҶ߼ɲҲ֪£ղضԴӶ
ûԤƵˮľǲ˵ʲô֪ǲģֻתСˮˣҲƲ־Ųصıؾ֮·ˡ


773 
־Ųؿ϶֪Լһ뿪ӣͻᴦΣ֮С
Щ飬ͿԱܵùġ
ҪľҶӰһնðôܳɹ
һҲΪƵ飬־Ų뿪ӣһ㱻ˮľɱˡ
Ȼˮľ棬ҲûгԼġ
࣬Ҷ֪
ڵ־Ųа뿪ӵʱˮľϴ׷ɱԼ
һҪһɱʱ򣬾ô򵥾¶ĵġ
ܶʱʵȣòˡ
ڵˮľ˵ȫûбҪɱܶԼɺܴв־Ųأľջȫɱ
ж֮֯ĳɱȫǲһġ
λȨصˣҲͬһ֯ڵͬ֡
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ûҲˣĸҶ֣ǻ֮á
ûɱľҶеļһ־Ųص⡣
һˮľ־ŲزԶĵطǰɵĺۼѾʧӰ١
ǵˣǲ֪һΪҵս
һνӽԼһ㶪ĵط־Ųصûа
ϴθ־ŲطԼġߣȻûеҲ̽Ӷսˡ
֪һεվ£Ѿһʣ
ԣһθ־Ųء䵱ġߣȫ֪ǿܻս
Ȼ־ŲصѾ˼Ϊĸ룬鷢ʱ򣬻˴ֲ
Ȼ˼Ϊܵαװǿƣ֪ס־Ųһ˵ģӦþǵǲ
ɣѪҺᱳѴӵǲ

־Ų˲ε֮ʱŭǲ
Ǹ˵ΪľҶʮ꣬Уȫ棿
µԼ־Ųֻһ˿Ի㿪
ʲôҲνˣһѳסԼĿαװ
Ļ쵰ȥЩ޹ǲлȥɣ
ǲ˫еͲд֣ſ̹ǵĳޣ־Ųصķ
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Ȼ֪ǲͲдеͫʲô
ʶǲͲдͫ־ŲأҲʹùǲֹˮ̵ͫͲд۵Σա
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֪ܵķ԰ɫ۾磬ƫģһ˵˫ۣʵࡣ
ǲƫƷ
Ȼǲͬ۾̫Զˣ治֪ôֳɱġ
ʶǲصܺǲɢѹȸл˲١
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΢˻֣ʾ¿ʼ־Ų΢΢ˣɽзŮȡ粽ǰ赲־Ųصǰ
ּˣû뵽ط꣬һǴڵж״̬ʹߵĻһŬ˵Ųشˡġ
ǿЦԴǰʱ㻹ͬңһʼʹŲ˼߰࣬Ҳûа㵱ҵͬ飬СӣҲһ뷨ϲļһûоɱѾĪʴˡ
ǲַǳĸƣʲôЧ
̫ϧˣԭһΪһ·ˡ
ɽзȻ΢ЦȴûͣߵŮȡʼǲչ
棬ʵΪܹҹв𣿡
ȻԴŹֵŮȡ̫Ϥʹһʱͬɽз磬Щ˽ġ
ľЧֻ˵̫ˡ
ڵǲɲǸ¶ӡ
˴Ų֮ǲֲû׷Ĵ󲿷ź
һԭ츳ߣһһʮоɹ׻ᷢʱ䣬ֻǲ˵
սֱӵǿΣؼ֪㹻鱨ǰһȫҲԼӦǰķˡ
ڱԼ϶֮ޡټ֮һȷԪס
ֻҪɱ־ŲأԼôܵļ尾Ϳʵػˡ
ǸԳǲߵļһǲԼڻûȫİգҪ𣬻Ҫӳ飡


774 ŭ
־ŲزûóȻǰԼԾǲ֪Ҫսپܺˡ
ԭҪû͵Ϯģ޵ļӣټ־Ų令ߣҪԸԳʵеѡ
ʱ򣬾ûбҪѰһЩͶȡɵİ취ˡ
ϵźͼҲ״ǲųαľ˸¡
ˣһƬīˮǲķԸٶȼٷ˹
鷳Сɫ
ǲмһͲдͫױ任״߽ۣһڵĻƾճ֣ؽϾҪӽīˮȼûκηͱպ׻ޡ
ٿϵˣ߷˳Ůȡͽɽз硣
Ʋ̫ˡ
һɫĹƾճ֣ǲۣûһ޴ͣǲڣͬʱֻȭŮȡһȭɣ޴ֱѪɶء
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Ҫ˵ǲڵľǷܹƾܺͨдԻսǾܴ͸һܶǲ˺
֮֮ǲܹܺµףȻڵǲԶԶȲ֮սʱ򣬵ɽмľҲȫܺ¶ȡ
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ڿµĿŶȣƺָ˼֡
ҪϷԳ֣
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ѾҪԳֵ־Ųأ⿪˰סͷۺֱ۵ı¶˱ķӡװãۿедۡ
дۡԣͲдۣ
Դ֮ǲһ¶˾֮ɫ
㲻ǲˣѵΪд۵ϧɱҵļˣ
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־ŲǲΪҫĹ֮ͽڸαĿȻˣһŹ
С֯ǸҲӵд۵ļһʮǰβϮʱĻ֣ǲһ֪ԭΪ֪úļ壬Ȼܡ
ʮǰ˾ͲдۣƾβΣô˭ͽһҪ
̧ͷ˿Ѿӽ˵ļףۿһɺд˵Ĵۡ
С
־Ųؽ⿪ұ۵ķӡ԰׵ֱϣֻŵд˹죬ϸС·۾ñ֮ĺۼ
Żӣ
ǲԳд۱˶ԴҲܲסͷŭǲӴ
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׳ʿˣȸղŸ˵ѹȸд౶־ŲҲЩȡ
ԭˣӣҵǹƥɱҵĵ
Ȼֿʼ棬־ŲҲԥҧʳָ֮ʹͨޣӴ󵽱ܺҪ󼸷ֵ־Ųؽ¡
һγֵʱȻˮľشʱ䣬ôҲָ˹ǰҪǿ֡
Сһ
־Ųһ
ݡ
ŲصĿ³ķݣüֻ֧ж϶ֵ壬ж϶ֵĲ޴ܺҲǿķݹ֮±ˡ


775 ͨ
ǿƻΪķȷʵ൱رУҪʵ̫ˡ
ܺȻǱȽϵ͵ݾԻʵ壬Ȼܹ˺ܵ˺ҲȻ
ѹҲȻᷴӦǲ;ϡ
ҵķѹЮŴƬķмǲѹ
ܺȻǿ󣬵ʵҲԡ
ӴҲΪǿ󣬵ԾͲ˺ܶ࣬սʽǰǲķе
֮ţΣʱ̵ӦԣҲǺġ
ܺŵĪţʼѸٱ任״ǲ۵Ͳд۵Ĳ£һźɫĻ档
յĿֲٴγ֣ǲ֣־Ųصķǰȥ
գȻǺųǿҲȷȷʵʵڻβľվĻЩƣһ˺翵ľһǻһʡ
ݶԷݵĿƻǺԵģ־ŲصķȻܴ󣬵Ҳ˵
ͬ±ƴջǱȷݡƣֻóѹƴĲûܳ׻־Ųء
һ͹ˡ
ܺǲʹõò̫ҪһģҲ
ǰպȼĻǽõʵΡ
ֲٴα任һֻ׳ļʸģѸٱֿĹ棬Ͳд۵Ĺ۲֮£Լӵͷ
͸պ׵ļʸһ⣬ֱӽ־ŲУض֮־ŲػûӦʱ򣬾͸һ
ÿٶȣǿ
һĨѪ־Ųصͷ˿ԼᴩţȻۿедۿ˿ܺ
㻹˾ȣᣬϧΪá
˵ŵ־ŲأǲȵĿУʧ
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һڵһķݲӦܺȥǡڴʱ־ŲصͨޡҲ𳤳ıӣһţǿ֣ؼǿ־ŲصķΪˣǰлĹ£ܺʱǧٿףۿҪֲסˡ
Σʱ̣ǲٴγպףҪ˳ŷݵͨޡĴ졣
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Ϊã
ǰˮľϳԹݵĿˣһǵһǣ־Ųֲɵôܲע⵽һУ
һΣ־Ųû飬ǲŽµͨޡֱܺײ˹ȥ
һֱ֮ӶԿʱ˳ƵײԭͿ֧Ųסܺڱˡ
ϸǲǿĳѸٺˣڵϷ˺üȦ֮վ˽Ÿ
ڴʱͻȻӿһƬڵīˮ󣬿֮ӶرըȻǲý֮£û˵ʲôҲæҡ
ܺʱֶͨμ˲ǲڣѾ¶Ǳģ꣬Ѿиɻ״̬ˡ
ԭ緢ǲڵӣ־ŲصͷȻֺķһöдۣһ뵽ԼջһͲдۣ;Ľʵֵ̫ˡ
ΪѾӮˣ
׺ǲΧסĬƣԼ֮ĵɱ¾ֶΣóǲǿҲ޷Χ֮Ӧԡ
ɲǲȫ
Լһȵĸ٣ܿ˼˵Ĺ֮Ѹҧ˫ʳָȻӡʩչͨĲӿһɫƵľ߳УǼ̳Դͨޡߡ
һ˵ˣҪҵʲôƢõ棬εĴң
ǲŴƽ˵
ϣĻҲǿжȻ
쵰Ϊд۾˲𣿡


776 
ڴ¶ûܹίҲ൱Ρ
ķͲдʵ˾β޶ܹݣοһһľߣ
ûԼжĻѱĻԼڻʹá
ðɣɱ֮ʬ嶼ҵģ
Ȼһ㣬ʵļƷǸҲ̵֪ܲ£Ҫж˿һ
⣡
ǲĿֻɱ־ŲأЩǱʬҰǱ߳Ե޹ؽҪˡ
ȻԸϣǲҲֵüһѹ
СɫͲˡ
ǣʵȴݺݵظԾʤȯյǲһˮ
ľݡɭ֮
ԭһд֮⣬ǲļףͻȻ˺ƴĲתۼ䣬ߺǲ鷳֮С
ٶȾѵߣһƬ׳֮䣬ǲҲòóSͣϹľݡ
ιǲС㵽ǵʲôˣ
־ŲغӷӴ߼ܶΣҲ֪ǵԲΪǱԼ
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Ըβ޺ʹͨޣЧȻľݺдۣû뵽Ҫ֮䣬еƶʱԸӡ
пձԹӰ
ǰľݵʱˮľԼߣǸʱ򣬻ľݵĻԼѾԼԵʱᵽеļѡ
鷳
һƬɭֺԼΪУīˮīˮɳ棬޿ײԼͻϮһԻ񣬲ʱ÷͵Ϯ־Ųء
æҶߺǲʱǱ
ƢáЩͷ߶ǲе
ǰ濪·ԸǱߵĴһҪľݽϾ̫Կˡ
ǲĬĬͷȻϵߵԴžͼƴ͵˦βͣΧǽȫײ־Ųصķ˹ȥ
־ŲҲͨޡݡ絯һкٶȼض֮£ûʲôЧżеģҲֻܽ߼̵ƬƬ
ҪӽˣʲôϽʹ
ôķҳ̣һ˵ȷʵǲСģβЧܾûһˡ
Ҫ죬Լ顣
ǲضķһպõĿ꣬ǲܸ̫ԶȻױ־Ųصֵ
ͲдۿɲʹõģѾһգܺҲˣ֮ҲһΣӽƵʹͲд۵ͫԼܾ֧Ųסˡ
ۻߺǲȷʵкܴƣڽӽ֮Ѹپ۽պƾճ֣һĲҽУźѸȼգӴ塣
ʶԼʧȻ־ŲأæԶѾûȵͨޡ
սҪ𺣣־ŲصȻû¶رı顣
ιǲСӣҵļƷ㽫ļһճɻҽҵջ˺ܶడ
ͨҲǻģûмʱͨͻȥĻ˺Ҳֻһ;
ڵûˣԼûеպ׵ڷӡҲ֪־Ųػ᲻ãʹܹʩչҲѾ̫ˡ
޴ĲҽûгãȻͽʧˣһСɽһʧյ֮¡
ҲûоʹϨ𣬻ȼΧغľһʰ̬ơ
̫ΣˣǲǸ뿪ˣ
ġΪ֡ػУԽӴ󣬾ԽǳԿЩһ¶ȵĹף߱ܵؾ뿪ط
ģµġ
ӵͲд۵ͫӾǾЦˡ
úúõؽһʣɱˡ
۵۽һ˿ڵѪҺµǲˮ֪ʲô־Ųء
ʼɣôĶԹǸи˽ˡ
ŲSֺ콣裬׶׵ĹԿʼ֣ͬʱΧպףҲһĪǣս˫ΧУȼյĻκǽ⳹׸
¶ܲˣҪųȥΨɱңڣɡ
ľݡ
ܾûƴսˣǻ
ԴӶڰ֮УѾҪԼʱˡ
ľҶƻг˴֮⣬ҲǰˮľʱŲظܵ˽в


777 ˲
ǲһʤȯյģ־ŲҲЩŭ
Դ󵽼㣬ΪԼѾӮˣ
־ᶨߣһǲģǿҲ㣬ǲܹԵĵطɾǲһԹ֮Ĳ
˵ûʵƽߣǲѾǺܺˣǲ崫еѪ޽籾ĲĴ󻧣óǺķѼĻ׶ݣټǲûнƵʹͲд۵;ĸһĴ
ʱ򣬲ҪעһȽϺã
˫ֽӡ־Ųڿʼˡ
ŲıһƬ޴ɭְεض
ľݣ
ߣҲѵ¶һ˿ƣ롣
˵СӣǽǲɣԵĻǲҪӲӲˣľݾͲԿ
ΨһǾԲŹģ
ᣬǲɰ
һ˲䣬߿ʼԼߴ裬ٲʱʱ̿Լѿ
Ϊʲôõǲûͨޣ
еļǧֵûбҪǲǳ׵׵Ĳмˡ
βޣҲдۻȡūҪǳһǧ䣬ǲһͳ̽ˡ
£ȻҪȥ취
֪ˣ
߲鲻ԸشӦ
ڵǲ֪սپˣҪʡһӦԽս
ߵ;޴Ծ󲿷ִͨ˵ٶѹƣͬʱҲǳ͵ġ
ʵϣ߻һЩǺԼƱͲʲôˣˮľҲˮݺ׶ݣԼֵǿݺͻݱʵǲֵһᣬ˽ѧָ֮⣬ʵս
ߵȻҲʹӴ˵̫ŵҲܵʱ򣬻ᵱĵݣ
ŷϵߣ壬ľ֮ϸСļ϶дж
߿Խϰ߼ӲƬһֵϸǰЧۿۡ
ƢõļһղŻװɵԭֶΡ
ǲһ
ֻҪ潫ץס֣ͨĵ߶һ㣬ȻѶ־ŲвҲʱ̸ɲСѹ
ȻʤĲͨޡߣǲ
ľݶԾ󲿷жȻƣգܺܺõľγɵɭ֣պƵʱ򣬻ᱻľԴĲѹơ
Ȼԣ־ŲʹõĲľǰЧ΢΢ǲգȷʵѾǾʤɱˡ
ǿ֪֮ʵҲô£ȻΣգֻҪӦԵõҲһĻݡ
߳ǲڴʱľɭһĨĺӰ˳֦߻ȥ־Ųص֮£ؽӽʹеֵľߡ
ߵȻҲʲô֪ɵΣ֮󣬴׳βһ˦ͽϮĺӰһƬɳá
ĵСϷΪ͵Ϯ˵ү
Լǿ󹥻ͻȻɫƬ
ʲôҩ
ƴߵβͺ͸ղŵĹ֮ӴĵطͻȻһƬɫԼٶȫӣ֮ʱɥʧ֪ͬʱҵʹߵԴԭһ͡
쵰ʲô
ߵĽڲľ֮£ѾƲһŮȡѾûشˣ־ŲأûȤ˶ǵ͡
ϸ֦޳ƵʵʵȻӲľ̺߼͵Ƭ˺ͽԭڵĴһֳΡ
Դϰ壬һʱỹûȥſ˿ĲЩŵ˵
û뵽үȻô
֮Ҫñɵ׼
־Ų˵ţ³һѸݵķݲ򣬽߾޴Դϡãս
֮սʲôսٻغ֮ϷԣʵǺٳֵģǲߺǧ಻ġƾеĶԾҲǺټġ
ĿӰΧҹ֮߶Ҳһ
屳ˡɱĿӰǧ䶼ûô鷳
Ĵɱ֮䣬ֻҪʼʹɱֳ֣ͲҪá
ˣİҲûˣڣ๫ƽˣ
˿ûн׼һŮȡϣ־ŲٴνĿͶǲ
ֵˣôصô


778 ƴ
ߵͻȻܣǲҲЩֲ
ԭԼӡмΪǿͨޣûֶþͱɱʵš
е⣿
־ŲظոʹľݣҲĲСͣһᡣ
ʹãؼǣԼ壬֧Ųסͬʱʹľݺвȱݵа᪡
ջǿ㣬ͣСһĿЦ˼άС֮飬߲̽ߣЩͨޣǿϵļ棬˵ˣֻǸȡĽ׶ѣܹǿʲô̶ȣȻûʲôɱǲҲһ˿Ц棡
Լܹ˲ɱͨޡȴ־ŲɱЩܲˡ
СҵĴۣǳ׵
ŵ־Ųأ޵ķʸ
˱ȻһŮȡ־Ųڳİֻɽз硢šԼѶԸļס
ǣƵˣǲѹȵľɼ֧ţ־Ųؾܽȫа᪡Լɱǲˡ
εǲֻٴοܺԼ¶ȥĻһߵɽз磬ʱ̶һȻ֪˵жأֻҪûܶԼв
ŵĲʱɧҲΪ鷳ĳαûĵīˮﲻϵ͵Ϯ߱ըѹҲС
ؼǣһﻹܹ仯еľŵڿй
ǸĬԵļף;ģû뵽ڸԼô鷳
˲ľ棬ֹ۵̫ˡ
ܺĵֵ֮Ŀϣ׼Ĳ־Ųأž޴īˮ
ԼͬʲôޣΪ˱ȽԶԸ֮⣬Խ־Ų뿪պ׵İΧ
˵ĲӬɣ
ٶȿ쵽޷۹۲ļʸգ֮ͷɹңԶľ룬䴩˾޴īˮȻſ˸󶴡
һƬīˮƮȻϻž㵵壬·պס
ԭޱ顢Ǻĸ仯꣬ոᵽ֮ͬûã䵽ʬ޴³
ɶļһ
Сţһֱź΢Ц꣬˿Ҳ¶ǰδ顣
ȵȣţ
һ׳ֱסЩݵš
ȥֻ
ʵţǿҲ̵ʵӵͲд۵ǰʵ㲻ʲô
óСΧļս밵ɱһ˳Ǽٵġ
׶ӳôĽ㣬Ҳ൱𾴣ԭǰ;ôʵ˽ܲˣ
֪˵԰ꡣ
ЩӡԵī棬׷תдۣѾһ˿ڵѪ
ǵǱŲشˣ˻ûбˣŲش˻ΣУ£
ȥŶʮͷļף׳ı۰ҲƺЩ
û˷Ƕֻ֮ֻɱǲΨһĻ·
·ϾҲûпˡ
ȥɽзһжŻЭŲشˡ
ûͨޡİҪٴλܺʵЩѣôҪõľݵˡ
־Ųؿ϶ܺǲܺƴģԼڵĳϸд۵ƽѱ֣̫ʩչľݵĻȡʤ˵ʧصΣա
ױ֮Ϊʱ򷢻õģȻ־Ųе̬еԶľݵѾ㹻סܺˡ
ڣͿ˭ȼֲסˣ־ŲؼţռƵļȻȡʤ
ֱۻʣöд۵־Ųٵľ棬ԼҲʮȻһнݣӮˣһͲдۣͿֲеʧ´ࡣ
ݡմ񣡡
಻ı˷Բ仯ڵͲҪ׼ܺͣеľ޴󹭼񵲣϶ˡ
ͲдۺǿͫʹҲֻͨߣǳ޵
о˾ôǲŹ£µĴֲ
ǴԲѡ
־Ųصķݣǲٴܺ˫ȣ˼׵ľݵľ֮۵ͲдӾʼӴת
ԻΪͫպ˷ӣĿΨľݻڵֿ


779 Ϊ
Ǻεǿ
ڼȫʩչľݺ־ŲأʹǲֹˮͲдۣǲʩչӾȻЩĽ
ӵǿֱӹô
ʱķչҲչ˸ַ֧ҽߡߡߵȵȣֱһߵսߣȻ˿صࡣ
սüӾպףʵ벻ܹ
ŲشˣǲҪȥǼֲ˶á
ȵȿ
˵ľͲ޵ģɱŮȡǲԲܺƣ֮УûԮĻżӦڵǲ͵պҪһʤ֤
ܱŲؿء䵱ģӹ֣ҪӶɱˣǲûʵ
ǲƺҲʶڣܹսپҪ־Ųɱǲˡ
ڶһҵĺûᣬԻѡ
ңһ־ŲػعȻ伫رȣľҶ壬ǲ϶ǻزȥˣһ̵ݿ϶ܲġ
־Ųرɱһ˺ӵͲд۵ǲǰѡ񣬻һЩĿԵĻɱгδ죬¾ͬһʵͺѻͷˡ
ʱǲȻûȴ˼һ֧֮ʸպף׼ʱµµΪɽз磬ϧ׼ļ׿׼֮ľݻ裬׳ɱ䴩ƫת֮ʸķȻ޴һ޴ӣûжκΣ
ľɭֵıȻѾȼպףȻ޷͸ܼķڼ׵Ĳĸɾ֮ǰǺɱˡ
ʹ֧ŲסˣһֱڽԼͲ־ŲأҲٴξȻǳսһڵƣ֡
ûܺûգ浶ǹغ־ŲشӲ̣Լƾ̫ˡ
ҪʤֻͶȡô
ҪͰࡢûк󻼵ɱ־Ųأǲˡ
ʱո˵ա
ֵܺĿסǰֵŻҫĳ·֮䣬ϵǰͻһҪͬھ׺ģ
ƴô
־ŲһЦҪĶûеġ֯ƴͬھԼһߵõģ޴ľٶŲԼ£ǲĴ㣬Ųزһϲ
ݡմ񣡡
ǲĴ㣬ŲصĹǲͣµģֵķݣǿܺ޷ʱܣֻܼѵؽӽһƬպСľݱŵһ
޴ܵľݳǽһ󶴣ƴȫܺóƬľûüƿĿĽк£·ܲɽз磬ϻûü㵵ıͱնء

Ůȡ֮־ŲٴʧһԱ󽫡
ʧȥ£壡
ǽ߿ûԵĹߣر¾Ҳǲܽܵġ
һľͻľΧеܺʵʵɽзĴۣסж
ľݡǤ֮
׿ɲԱĴɱĵĴ˫ḷ֮̌ܺ󣬶ڲƻܺĽṹԭ֧ŵЩǿǲ־Ųؿ³ķԲڵԼܺ׳׻顣
ƬƮɢûһĶһϬĽΧӦֻüƫƫԴоͱҪҰ߼ֱͬȴ¡
ļһĳ𣬾Բôˣ
Բĵطһǰһӡ
شûأͱļľݡɱ֮ϸľ壬̱жҸʹࡣ
ţٴó̴ĸ
֣ͣȰдۡףԣǿ㿪
־Ųصľû£һһ⣬ǰͱͻȻðĲS޼᲻ݵķľݵб½նΣɫâûŵأ౻̴Ӧǻˡ
û뵽㻹һУӣĳ׷˴裬
һҪĵشֻҪܹת˺͹ˣ־ŲҲİ
ֻ㻹㹻Ĳʹô


780 
ȷʵ棬ĵĲҲþˡ
ЧȻܹܲ˺Ҳ̫ˣֻǹؼʱ̱õǳ
ַһŵƣǲĴԽԽˣĪĴۣڴ˺־ŲصĻ
ս־ŲأôܷŹѾδĺû᣿
ŽĶԲߣ־Ųһ˲ͳڸոմӴƿǲǰ԰׵ұһץסǲĲӣ׳ı۰ǿץͲһ͵ˡ
ǿӲӥһסϵ£ĲӶĿ졣
ʶЩͼ˫ֵĳ־ŲأȴԼѾʧȥ˿ơ
һڵ·աӡơ˫ۣϰͻȻֵĶסˡ
ҵ丿֮ӡڵҪѣǺˣ֮ǰ˫ۣҾˡ
ֱðȴֻ־ŲصֽӽԼ
֮£ɫܺٴδǲɺԵӿһֻ޴ֱ۴϶£־Ųҳࡣ
Ծǿ־Լܺİƽҵ丿֮ӡûüһ͸оǰһԭӦѾ˵־ŲͻȻʧȻڲԶĵط
ݡղ
ȴķУпһеǲķһֻǿǱضܡ
⵽ʱʲô
ڶαܹ˱ľɱǲЩɻ
ڵǲѾûά̬ܺˣֻܻûһƬ߹״İֱ۶ֻһڻûʲôĸûУжҲȫԼ˫ˡ
ʵҲֻܵΪֹˣ
ʮսĥļǿ־־ŲظͲţԼ·ʱ
ԣۿеͲдۣؼʱҲǿʹа᪵ġ
ȻһԼڵƽ⽫״ƣҪΨһѡǿұۡ
һֱԼṩǧϸڣԼֽǸ˵ͷӣٱȱϸ׷ɱȽϺãֻҪţžĻᡣ
ʱ򣬶ǲвԼ֧ܲŵס
άסܺľ޴ģʵֵ̫ˡ
Ѿûоܺǲ½ԭ಻պףƺ˵ļ
ʤģǼǿ־
˫ֻųȳֿȭ־Ųغõö࣬Sķ־ŲصķлҪʤһɫ׽ķѪЧҲͷۡ
ǰɣ
Բ̼ϸԣĳٶ뷴Ӧʱ򷢻ҪãȻûӡû׹⽣ȻʶȴһЩ¸ŲǰȻ൱ơ
ǰ̿ԣôٶϷˣҰ޵ģôԸ־ŲأŲػûҰôǿķ
ľݣһֱûʹãǲðɣ
S̴־ŲصţаЧ԰׵ֱһֻдԶرˡ
ʹдۣôôľʦôѣԶԶߣôô
԰׵ĸ첲ԾͲӦþܹʹľݵĹؼɡ
Ȼ֪ܵزĹؼԥزȡ̬
Լľ֮ǰȡʤĻ鷳ˡ
ֻʣһֻд۵ұۣ޷ѹǧϸˣ֪־ŲؽüͷȻóһƿҩԥغȥ
Ǹɫѵǡ
ʹùȫҩüεǲɫҺԲİ˷θɫҩ̽缫Ϊټʱ־ŲؼˣԲˡ
û˵ûлģ
ʱ˳ȫҩ֮ͲõָŲأʱѹסȻܻи鷳ԼȥڣǶȹǰѹ˵
ҲʹùʣȫҩǲϣܿϧڲǰɱǲսУһҲĵˡ
ε̾ߴüű裬ӽ˽Ȼȥ
ûн¹˭ֻδ֪Ҷ߰ȫҩ֮󣬻ʲôķӦҲ൱ܺ棡


781 װ
ⳡսʱѾˣһʼͽȻǲ־ŲضҪֲסˡ
ôܿ˵ʤڿǲû̫ƣ൱ľء
¼ű֮󣬲õЩָǲ׶ٴθ֣Զ־Ųصٶȣʱչķи͸ǲٶȣżһЩನӰ쵽Ҳ׶׵ķ£ûʲôΣ
״̬ЩƵ־Ųأ޷תΪʤƣòúÿһ½ĶԲˡ
ոպôȫҩ籡ڻҪһͻƿڲУ򣬸ֻݵǿͻὫŲص˺߰㡣
ܹڵ־ŲģҲûˡ
ľݡľڣ
һľӵ¡ɹαϣ־Ųص壬һڣΪ۲ӽǡ
ʼӯʹľݷҲȻģȻʮǿ󣬵ڷϣȹؼ汸ľݲ̫Զˡ
̣
ʹľݷҲǴ󣬵ʱеñʧʲѵ־Ų˵д۵ֱۣǿģҲʩչľݵĻԼѹд۵ʩչа᪵Ļʯ
ǣǲܹͬʱʹõģԴͬͻŲظûнǺ϶ΪһֻǿŴ＼һѡ
ʹľݵʱ־ŲʩԼϵĽаȻǽ⿪״̬
һ˸׹ֱ۴־Ųصš
̫Сǧˡ
׶סǧǧеԻ˵־ŲأΪԼ򵥵ʩչһľܹ赲סǲȫʩչǧͻ̡
ҪǲʲôϰʱǵһӴ˸߼ǧ񣬳ԼԸĿʼôܲ޿
ֹס˼Ѫ־Ųʵ
ôƶʹľݵ״̬£ǿԱɱģ
˭֪أ
ǲ־Ųֱۡ
ôνҪɱɱһξˣ
ǹԴģ
Դ󣿷ɱУ
ҲŲ
״ξǰ־Ųطѹұϵ뷨ֻʧȥƽֱУϸȷѣһֱð˵ϸΨһһֻŵдۣȻ־Ųؼϸӡ
Ұһǿ־Ųصұ۳ŵòͣһĴʼį˲ԶǲƵǲæ˶ܡ
Żģ
ˣǰһ󶴣ȴȫҩЧϻָͬʱϸҲ쵽˿ڴ߲ͻʹ಻־Ųض̲סҺ
ʧôӦã
֪ѾΪǵǲ̧־һǧǹμ֮󣬽־Ųطֳ飬ǳĿӰǧ临Ҳǻˡ
Ǳˣһ
֪Ļ֣ʣǸԳǲߵļһˡ
һصǽ壬սĺۼһʱǺˣȻǲҲûдɨսȤ
ܵպȥľ͵ƬƬС֣ҲΪû֧ţʼ
һƺϸеѾû˺־Ų֮ǲûѸٵ뿪
֮ƺһж䶨ʱƬͻȻ˶һƬ֫ͻȻʼ䶯гڵϲļףͻȻˮһȻٴƴճһ͡ǰļױ޶¡
漣һļףϸز̽һΧû֮󣬿첽־Ųߣժ˫״īһ˫ɺд۱¶˳ǣԭͫеöѾƬҶƬ״ģ
Ųشϣˮóȷʵܹɱβˣ
˾޴ĴۣӴõĺôкܹܶ࣬ȫõʵҲǺܶࡣ
ʺϵȵļףľ֮⣬ݺˮݵҲͬСɡ
ˮȻԭͬС죬ֳȴһȫһˮȹˮ¿Ҫ٣ȷʵ൱㡣
ͫöҶ״תһĪӼǰδͲдӿ־ŲصѾҪ͸ʬУأһ̥İɫ֣ͬʱ׸ո¶Ͳд۵Ĺȴ𽥰
һմճҺֱͱƴ룬ʱ򣬼׵˫Ѿǲ԰һƬ


782 
ֻҪȫҩЧδȥϸĻԻڣϣܽһϸָͣǻܱܲסǰļ˵׼ˡ
ԭ־ŲѾҪŹˣһסĲ
ܹ̱ӡԿ
ġָ
ȫƬƵ־ŲƼģǰҪ˲١
һߴŻ壬־Ųһ˵
Ĳû뵽ģȻ㡣
ֳԭĳ۴ϣŲؽʵ
Ͳд۵ͫʲô
ӣϲ֣
ӣˮľǰ֪Сףϲͬ̽磬ȴ˼
ʵǰҲֹΪӵĶˮľϣǾǱɰ֮ЫһֱӲװս׿ʹõżֻǸʱ򣬴Ҷϰ߽
̥˳β֮Ԣ⣬ԭˣ
־ŲؿһۼѾʧ˫ۡ
ķ֮˸۾˫۳ʧôǿϧˣ
ⲻĸ־Ųػû͸ֻ˵ķκ˶ѣȻòżǣһ˫Ͳд۵ĴۣҲȷʵ̫ˡ
Ǿɣռ˵ʬΪ֤ݣȥ֮ͨǲ۾Ժٻġ
䣬һϤĪ
ò鷳ˣǻɣ
һɫĲֱѾûļһȭ飬ĥһξûиʹˮĻˡ
ԶѾȺʱˮľӵ
ԭΪûгĻˣû뵽Ȼ
ΪҩʦϵͲд۵ͫԵʣˮľпвͲдͫΪעͽ۲־Ųغͼ׶ھķΧ֮ڡ
ǲеܸɣˮľΪԼʣ´ɨսĻû뵽Ȼ鷢
ͲдۣôҪǮһ֣ҲΪѵġ
˼׺־ŲصĻ֮ˮľѾˣμ׾Ͳдۻõͫսָͣµĸͣа᪵һ֡
ͫˮľдԭӦʲôԸŻĵ׵
ɡ˥Ǿɥ֮ʹҪֲȱ˼ˮľͲö֪ˡ
еͫӣ̽ʶĻĵΪĳһʱ̱סһЩ˵
һˣˮľö֪Ҳˡ߸ĹµǲһΪˮľĲֶˡ
˶־Ųأˮľƽ˵
ٴμ棬Ȼĳ
ȻΪ׵ָͫ˲ഺпָ˲٣ô־ŲصʵѾûˮľвˡ
ȻѾˮľȻѾõȫ׼뿪ǲԼ֮⣬˻ųȥˡ
ȻҪɱҵ治١
ЩˣҪ־ŲصĲ֪ж٣һֱŭԣڣ侮ʯʱˡ
ҪǲĻ鷳
ӰľҶʮľҶ֮Լ㰵ġ֯ʱ˳ʷ̨ˡ
ĿӰ֣ǼλϡʣûҪѾǱ״ĺڰ֯Ψһķ磬ôҲľҶ̫Σʧ
ϷѾ֪½ˣ־ǲܵģ
ֻҪһ־ŲؾͲͣ
֮̽Ȼӹˣǰ϶ǲлˣ뻹ʲô԰ɣ˵ãæһ
˵ɣ
־Ųذڳƴһļơ
Ը

սȻһߵȷʵû̫䲻ĵطˮľû֡ҲûпϷˣ־ŲأƾôΪľҶ˲ۻһ
ûսǱԼɱʵЩźţ
̱ڵϵ־Ųأ˫ѾˮľĲ飬һ˫ֱҲֹĽǶӦǹˣͷµѪģ۾Ѿ쿴ˡ
Ȼѡ˺ڰĵ·Ӧ뵽ôһɣ
Ҳɣһ֮Գն˻ӰλáȻҲûʲôãӰӣҲ̫ĽĴ͸ֻеԶҲţ
ˮľҡҡͷ֪ƫûʲôý͵ģ˭Ҳ˵˭ҶѾǹȥˣ


783 
ѵģǽԼĹǿӸˡ
־Ų˵ҪϸֱʺϵӰ򲻿ܵ顣
ֻԼܺܺõػľҶӴ۷ĹѾٸıˡ
ԾЩǾûʲô˵ˣ
һ֮˵ĸ̾ûʲôֵɧȷʵֵˮľ˷ʱ䡣
ʵ˵еο
Ѿ֮ʵ־ŲͻȻ˵
ʲô
鶼ûɣ½ݵ֮ǰʲôοģ
һ뵽ľҶ廹ֶҲҪﵽĿĵˣҲзˣ
㻹Ǹ߹ˣ
־Ų˲֪ǰﻹǷ̵ۣˮľĲ
ǲǸ߹ԼҲʮûбһԻӣҲѵõ˲šԭǱʣֻʵ̫ˣȻľҶ塣ˣﶼһӻļһҾͷŲȻ֮ͽڣӦûʲô󰭰ɡ
ĿҪиһҿɵΣ
ˮľûȤڰ֮С־ŲӬӪŭԹ³
ңԲѵĻҺܲģôΪʶңҲػڣ
ѵǣ¶ĵĻͲôˡ𣬾ĸĸ̽սŮȴľҶúõģ

ˮľ۾ͫ΢΢һ
ԭҲ˼
־ŲҪıˮľ˵뷨ܲܳɹֻҪжˮľԲ˿ġ
־ŲǼһЦݣɫѿ˵
Ų㣬ϷûбҪʱƭ㣬ҪԼһӰ˵ĻϣһԼ֮⣬ľ֮ˣֶܲελԼΪıȡ档
Ǹǻۣ
ˮľ̾һ
Լ뷨Ҫָֻţ
ֻҪ㻹ԸľҶ壬ԸⱣӻԼļҾˡ
ͲҪˡ
ӵδѾòʱͷӲˡ
ˮľŤ־ŲصĲӣתתӦ˵ļһһĳʧȥ

ľҶ峤־Ųһǰݻ֮;УȫûϢ֮ʹ̽磬ȻһβǻӰ⵽ϮΪĿӰԳնͬѧʵġ֮̽ôϢȥüľҶ߱˻ʬ𼣣˼ϣľҶٴγΪȫ̽Ľ㣬ոΪˡ֯һʱͷƶʱһ졣
Ӱ칫ңֺͼλʶЩԳʧ
˭ģһҪݺݵر
Ϊͬ飬תСİɱֶΡ
ˮȻ侲ط
Ųصʵôİ֣Ȼᱻ׻ܣʬ嶼û£ʵţǴĻô˵ʵͬСɣ
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鱨ûпߵ鱨֣û߾Ҳûдսĺۼ
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׼ȷ˵ֻһˣûзֳ˵ĺۼ
ǿߣпǡ֯ô
ԲЩҲӦ˿ڡϾˣ
ֳ侲˵
ҪҲӦò־Ųسϡ
ˮľҲľԳɰ˹ֱӳֶԸ̣֯˵עŶԡ
ԡ֯һ磬ûô¹ֱĿĶǣЩʵǿǵĽǸͲⲻɵ˵뷨ץβǵ֮ΪѾ˵ͬ鱨ǲŲЦ뷨
Ҳ˵
ʹ¹ܽ
һΣԵĲľҶ壬Ƕ־Ųسϵ˽˶ԹĿ󣡡
ԣȻܿЦ̽綦Ĵ׵ˣ˭Ҳ޷˵
ĿԺСܹǡôץסʱȻһҲûˣ
˸ֺͼλ֮⣬ڳûˣ˵Ҳû̫Ĺ˼ɡ
¹ÿУʵģļˣ˵ĻᶼСˣȻ첻ļλ̣ľؿضпܣģ¹صˮľڸոɱǲǲҲ֪ǲһ鱨ĸ֡ԼλϡתСˮ֪ûмǲȫʵǣ϶ǲԸֵǴΨһǲѪ


784 
̽һѪ޽磬״ľҶʧʧʵ̫ˡ
²ܹųǲɣĳЩҲ뽫ǣϡ
ԭȻЩ
ûΪǲ֪ࡣ
˵֮⣬й¶ȥĿ̫Сˡ
Ψһȫ̵ǲѾϡ
ٳһеĿӰԳնǰˣֵ־ŲҲûӹɱˡ
û֤ݣô㻳һľҶλȨصĸ߼ɲʵǿ̣
ˮľûϴɣؼʱ̣˭ҲΪ¶֦
ӰڼʱﱬڧǱ־Ųرɱĳš
пܣ˭Ҳ뽫ˮľĻɰڵ̨˵
ÿߵı⣬Ǹ̽ûʲôһԹ֮ķɷ棬ûзͥΪĳһ߶
ֻҪĳߣвоǳõֶΡ
ʲôڳ֤ݣжô
ˮľֵܹ䱾ͷľҶ߶û١
Ի֮ˮľ˵ֻҪһգ۵Ĺ򣬾ܹǧ֮ʵʩŵĶС
ӵгĻͬʱҲˣ˭ɱֻҪûҵ֣ˮľ޷֤Լ޹ġ
˲ȡѶֶ⣬ܴˮľеóŷĻش
ڶˮľǿֶΣ
ðɣҲ˶ûϷ
ֻҪʹ÷֮ȫ̽綼ˮľΡ
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ʹĵˣ˵û˸ţˮľˣʲôС
ô죿
ûҵ֤ݣ϶ǲܶĳЩ˲ȡжġ
ˮľʲôûһȻڴﰴͰعżһµڰ˰ԼĵӴҰӣһС
ҲûôУôͻȻͱôǿˣ
Ҳûˮľʹѵļ¼ƽʱôæҲ鲻ʱС
ʱżˡ
ڷ̶ܳȣʵڲֵһᡣ
¹ûӻֹ֣г
鱨ҲǺջ񣬸ԶĿ߷ӳսֳֹȼյĺڻһСɽһɽҰľڶԿĺɫ档
գǲ˭ܹʹã
ˮȻ֪ǲ¶ͫ
Լգֻлӡܹʹպף֪棬ֻҲ˺ˮľ
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תͫʹתдӡԴﵽĿġ
ΪˮľģһֱĬ㡣
Ȼ¹һ侲Ҳʲô©ʵЩؾˣ峤̲סˮľ˼䡣
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СĻᣬҲܹӶ
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ȴô
ɰϸ飬Ӱ֮ǰҪҲҪ⽫Ϣɢȥע⡣
ðɣ
泤ְ֮ͬʱҲ¹úϵļС
ǾҪ鷳עˡ
鲻᲻֮ҵ׹Ǻˡ
Ӱ֮̽齨͸Ӳ顣
ߴ֮䶼òѹеһ𲢼սһڲìܣ΢С¡
ȴսһʬƬҰһ˵־ŲĴҲǲֵһӵı塣
ţбעĿܣˣֻܳΪļ䡣
û˻Ϊһɵġȥ
ڸոᵽľݣҶĬû˵¡
ǫ̃˵һ̯ӡ
ʹҪ飬Ҳֻ˽½УԲӦڴ֮ͥ˵򣬾ѿĳ¡

λɵ֣һܷյĵ档
û뵽ˮľʦĺõط
ʹˣܻ˼룡
ˮľûĽԼ·̣ǲҲǺܸȤ
۾𣿡
аɣ
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
ˮľҲýҴǿ˼ָͷ
ո˵ʹ˼ͲдۣǲЩʹõĴôʱͿˣ
ʹպͼӾܺ˺üΣܿüѾǲ츳Ľˡ


785 ֽ
ˮľ֪ͲдУܹƵʹ֮½ʧӣֻǲ
ɾͲдۣվ㲻дռ̬ϣʵûбʵĲֻʹõȺͫǿĲ졣
ͲдʩչܺñͲдǿ١
ͫģʼһƲȥѹء
ͫʲôˮľҲûȫȷʵֻҪͲд֮󣬾ͿֶĴڡ
Ѫ֮ǰֲͲд۵ͫΪͲдۣôԭģ˭Ҳ˵ǲҲֻյܵǲȪεͲдۣвŷͫںϵܡ
ּ򵥵ֲȻѲˮľ
Ȼ֪ôģ־Ųؾôɱˣ㻹
ļһˣˮľ鲻ѵõعάǲ䡣
˵ͷӣ͸ˡ
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ȻΪԼֱ˳ΪԼʲô⡣
ʣһˣ
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пܣˮľ治ֱǣЩ˵ļһ˵ʱ򣬾ҪԼֱǲߡǴͲľҹˡ
Ȳǰ޺תҲǴ˵е֮ӣĻֶǶµ飬ϱȽϺá
ǲģ˫ۣ֮˵
˵ںͲд۵ͫĿͲд۸һ
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ˮľȷ⡣
ͲдеͫҲܹںϼ̳У
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Ȼ˶νˮľȻᣬúõоһǲͲдۡ
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ˮľָָǲۡ
ϣ۵Դģ룬Ӧǲʲôյ档
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ǰˮľЩɻԭУǲֲǲͲд۵ͫȻûм̳¶ȴõĵӦ֡
ֲͫһ˫Ͳд۵ͫĻûѡԵֻ̳գʵԷǳǿ¶Ӷ
Ҳ˵ֻʹҵŲΪʲôգ
ˮľЦЦ
ÿ˫Ͳд۵ͫǲͬġͬһ˫д۵۶һ
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ÿһֻͲд۶ӦһͫӦǲģǣδػֵôԣ۵ͫӦǶӦĳһǿҵԸһΪǿس
ǲۿǲͫӾǲĵ׵Ըô£ԭУǲĻݶ㲻óͣ׶Ҫǿöࡣ
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ԣȷǲ۵Ͳдͫգǲֽš


786 ֮ϲ
ΪʲôգˮľҲЩ²⡣
˵պ¶ڵǲ˵޵ԼͲд۵ĿӦǲġ
ǣͲд۵ͫӾǡؿƻͫ
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ǲӦò֪ǲʲôֻͫǰĳУǡ޵ѡ
سǾ˵ҵۣӦһΪʺҵͫʲô
ҾͲ֪ˣ棬оһɼΪǿ׶
׶ݣ
ǲһ㶣ȻתȻ
ˣǧʼҾһ˼ϰ׶ݣ׶ͫЩ
ˮľȷʵܵ׶ݵϢһ㣬Ҳʲô⡣
ǲ־Ϊսˮľǰһִ֮֡Ƶ׵֮ԼóľսɻһξѪɣǲ۵ͫӾͬ
һеͫǲڣΪһЩ⣬۱ա
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һֻͲд۾һͷѾһռλãܲסȥһӰؾͺܶˡ
㹻ǱģҲǻ˵ǲ㹻ǿһֻͲдܹ֧ǿͫĲС
ѾռͫλãܲܽͲд۵ֻͫܿ˵İˡ
ˮľ֪ԭصĲʵˮľᣬҲȴͲľҹˣǲҲͫķ
ңϼӾʵҲñԭӦþѵ׶ͫҪ
ЩҲۣڣȷҪֲǲͲдۣ
ǲŲˣˮľĿڡ
ñ֪Լ״̬ѣ۾Ϲˣ˵ʲôͷˡ
㹻ʵеӦԽѡ
ˮľʦˣ
ܹ˵СʣԽǲ˵ѵãҲӵ˵ˣʵߣΪ屨һԽԽ̬Ҳط˱仯
ǺðɣҪǳʲô⣬ҾֻܱסʵܲߣͿˡ
ˮľֵ飬ڿɲٿԭˣӰỹûʼ־Ųؾˣʲôܷ

һֲͫˮľҲʮֽⶫδҪǻԼϿɾˡ
һֱûгʲô⣬˫۱סǲˮľһ
ܳɹ˿ҲˣӦô죬һʱ䣬𽥽ӴĹߣͫںϣͲˡ
ʱ䣬Ҫˮľʦˡ
ˣ
ˮľջҲܴ󣬾ƾӱǲϵϸˮľеˣʩչüλת㹻ˡ
ˮľϲģǲϣȻǲֹˮͲдۣϴ־ŲʬջǲֹˮۣһͲдۣô׾ٵ͵ˮľϡ
̤Ьٴȫѹ򣡿ҲҪʱתô
˵ȻܾˮľߣˮľĺЧӦѾ󵽺ƿеϸˡ
ԭУ־ŲسеǲֹˮͲдۣձǲãҩʦȡΪתǲֹˮزıܾһֻͲдȫôĪʧ١
۵ͲдǲͨޡѻϣתдӡڣΪǲľҶĺ֣ȴΪǲѻת
ڣǲûӣǲҲûлὫһֻͲд۰źþˡ
һʹñĻᣬҪú˼һˣ
ȣȻҪôʹá
ǲʹͲд۵ͫôܰȫ޺󻼣
УһͲдۣòƿʹܺˡ
ڴ
սΣؼֿоزģʵ̫ѵˡ
ͬΪֻĲˮľִϷ˯͵ƺƿ
Ŵβ޵ĲԼ֮ƽһʱҲûʲô
֮ǱҪľˣҪһҪϣܺٺòĲο
սսôãǵջʱԭֻеһЩҲʵˡ


787 
ǲˮľĵ죬ȵûʲô֮󣬲űˮľߡ
ֹһ࣬ǲŲػصľҶ壬ȥʵոջõˮľͲˡ
ǲһصӣͱֽ˹ȥڰ칫̸ʲô˭Ҳ֪
޵ļӣʼǲߡ
ɸˮľΧûзʲôٵļ󣬴ŸҲ֪ûʲôЧɡ
־ŲصıɱһľҶ弫Ϊǣڷûнһ֮ľҶҲ
ϵ֮úͻ֮Աϵˡ
֣һߺͳҲϵһ߽Ӵʹߣ׼Ӱ顣
ˮľʵ˺ü֮׼ʼһжˡ
ǲ뿪ûõĵʵңٴӭÿͣɢķϢļİͳڵ¡
ǲ־ŲԼˮľֱɱļףתӾٻ꣬ˮľ׼õļƷϡ
һʱỹûԼĴˣˮľ΢Ц˵
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תҲˣӦòǴӷӡ֮ѧģʹĹϵǳ
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־ŲرҲûʲôָˮľԼʹĽ飬ˮľҪ
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־ŲصĻ壬ֱȻųϸ¡ֱһֻʣдۡ
еǲֹˮͲдȻͶӰȻʹñˣǱһдۻˡ
ԭ۵ͲдѾˮľϣٴγҲǲ⣬ǲ߱תʱ˫ҲǽڣֻǱֻ֮֮ͶӰʧ
ˣǲ߸͵͵ֲĳĿӰǧϸҲڣ־Ųرת֮󣬿¡˳ϸұȻڣҲͲǲˡ
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ĽʵЩˮľϣˮľΨһܹ뵽ĽͣĳЩܵ̽ײӰģͲдֻۡۺͳϸܹӰԵġ
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һͨһٴӲңÿһζ泯ϵļǶ
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ĳһ˲䣬һ˵ͻȻﵽMAX״̬׻ᷢʲô
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˫۾Ϲݡ
ˮľ΢һҺü׾Ͳд۵ʱ䲻ʹòǺ磬һʩչþȫȻֱӱˡ
ţɱҩʦҪԼɱ˼ף˵ʲô۶ӡ


788 ˵
ʲô£
ա¶Ǳ
˵һֻһɱԵĻǰ߸Ͳһ
ԽҲĥĹԽǿа᪺аΪʲôΪ
ΪӸ֪ϣ߸ǹáʵꡢ֮Ĺϵ
׸ıת
ڹؼʱ̣һ˵ľˣĲ
Ҫǰ˾ˮľһ£ǲͳˮľˣֻ۵ˮľôʱ䲻֪оپ׵Ķ̽ͱˮľ߸ˡ
ɰ֮ЫҪǶһˮľͱɱˣҲȵ֮ģʽɹˮľɱճɻҽˡ
Ϊ㣬һ˫Ͳдܹʹʲôͫ
״
Ҫȫã޴ĲǻҪȻŲشĳ̶ȣͲǲˡĵʵŵʱҵ㹻ǿΪʩı֤
ЩľȻҡҡͷ
ãƲ̫ǿˡ

ˮľЩźҲǿľ޴˵ƿ϶ܶ࣬Ҳþˡ
׻ŵʱΪĿӰǧĿ¡壬ʢĿĵز֧Ͳд۵ͫӦò⡣
ǻͲһˡ
Ȼż޵ĲѾ˵ļףǲκģҪʹõһŲʹá
ҲգֻҪܹʹþˡ
Լǲսʱܹģǲʧ󣬾ͿԾʤˡ
ܰԼȫ֮ˮľһԹ֮ķ롣
ˮľԼЩȵԼ
ðɣˣһʹΪӡΪ˾սûʲôɣ
Ҳá
Ƴһ۲ԶĬ־Ųء
ȻѾˣһϸľҶ𣿡
ˮľ֮
ûܹԼķʽҲ޷ԤԼô뿪Ǻ޼ֵȻ΢ȴ
ܹתͨ˸ġ
ˮľѾĿ¡壬ˮľɲҶʹûת
֪תĽӡʽҾͨӡˮľʵûлŵʱôơ
ԼıԣֻԼһʵתһ¿϶ǽתʩߵĿƣȻʩչ֮뿪Բ֮ң磬ŻѰҸİ취
̽˵ǲڴͲľҹһƽ١
˵ףǽʹã϶ԭģԽǿ޺Ľ̺ķվԽ˾塣
ˮľۣЩοף

׻Ťͷ˿־ŲأȻûеõʲôۣЩʧ
ʱ־ŲͻȻͻأؿڡ
ΪľҶߣʱҪǵΪľҶսˣҲǣ
лĽ̻塣
õ˿϶ļ׸˵ػشȻˮľķԸ
ö˵֮һƭȫ̽磬߻˾ƭֵǲڱˮľע
û뵽ٴλ棬ַʽʵ갡
Щν
ǲƺԼ³ֻû뵽ٴ۾˻ˮľѡ
ΪľҶսǱߵĴ뷨ѾǸˣ̽δȻкѡ񣡡
Ͳ֪ôˣͲд۵ױôã
ƺʹǲĻһд۶Цӯӯˮľ
ðɣˣǲѾɾͲдۣͫľʧķˡ
Ǿͺã
Ψһĵ飬ĽǲԺЦȪˡ
ֲģΪ꣬ǲֹˮͲд۾ҵˡ
޷ʹá
ȻˮľļһڣȻԳǲߵļһɿľҶ壬յļһ˵νǲĵ⡣
£ǲֹˮͲдȻûʹõıҪˡ
ˣǰ˵꣬İţͽˣûɣ
ԣ
ԼˮľʹãܱһЩĪļһԼΣľҶҪǿöࡣ
Ҫټһô˵ǸСһкܶҪ㡣
ˣЩ޹ؽҪֻҪƽƽľҶˣֻͽա
Ǻðɣ
Ȼǵ˵ҪˮľȻҲ£ͳӡᣬУҪʱΪľҶ壬Ϊ繱


789 ʧ
̽磬ľҶҲһЩĪİӿ
־ŲصһľҶϱɱ⡣
־Ųصġ֯ΪӴڶవҲľҶϵС
Ӹ޶ѾѵϸѵİƷҲ൱ࡣ
ʣ֯һӵѪϵͳ걸ϵ
֧ĺġΨһƿ־ŲˣȻû̱ĵزȺ׵Ļġ
֮һ̯ӣܾôβܣΣ̫ˡ
ˮľԸ֯˽⣬־Ų֮⣬ܵõģɽз硢Ůȡ׻ӵš
ȻУ־ŲΪ۰Ӱ˵ģʵˡ
һˮľΣûĿΪ¾ĸ֣ʵδǿȥ쵼ȷʵ͡
һˮľûмġʹӰˡ
ӴӦ¹õͬˮľû˵˴ڡ
ֻ֪ˣȴˮľţȷʵѵõ˲š
ȻҲ̫֯͡йϵˮľԭ⣬Щطͻ˼άä㡣
ӰˮľģͲӰͷԡ
ģĴˣˮľϷȫͼòļһȫһȼ˴ͬһ鱨ˮƽϣˮľЩӳļһ档
ԭˮľΪЭϡ֯Ļ¾δ֪ˡ
ϣ־Ų֮˾Ȼʧ٣ûгֹҲôһһ
Ǽӵܣɢô
ˮľЦһЩ־ŲǿΪЧļӵܣ϶ʱƵ֣ôܿƣ
һԣ̾ˡ֯ݣȥǶʣǵľˣҲ˳ϵġ
ǵļһʵ̫ˡ
ˮľҲңҺûнɽзŮȡͨȻʵҲֵоһ£ڵˮľʵûˣǱļҲ鷳һ¶ʵЩѰ죬ˮľɽкһԼĹϵΪһС½ʵǲֵá
󱻸ίƺ˵ģȻǴֵϴ춹Ҳ˵۾
ɴҲԿֶѾûʲôǰ;̬֯ȣǳ״ɢȻľҶ壬ǲɸıĽˡ

Ѿȥת֮󣬱ѩδȫڻѾһЩݲݵȲʼðͷˡ
ֻڴ˼ˣֱ˴ȥľɽģʽдҵ˵볹ɹѾԶˣֻǵΣû֪ˡ
ˮľʱ䣬ҲеûаʲôҪֻǴڴ洦һЩ
ҲǸΪ֮˼ˮľǵ͵һȽϺãǲҲ
Ҳãóʱ䣬һԼջ񣬶ˮľҲܳʱԼļ˺ӡ
ѵˮľСһԿСС
ģʽˮľְֵؽ˺þ֮ҵһϵСҲܹһˡ
ӵԷݺ׶ݵĲԱ仯ں϶ɵѪ޽磬ټģʽµĸȫߣˮľĽ飬ģ׶׵зֲȻѪ޽ɹһʱ̬仯ʱ仯ĽϣټˮľܿҲûС˱ƻ
ΪֹСľ֮ǰˮľûҵʲôСףͲܽ
ˮľΪ˲ļޣŷӡϷ˯ħƬӹһСȱھ׾ٵسˮľȫʩΪƻħƬ档
ֳǿԵĲں϶ɵѪ޽磬Ȼǿ˾ȣ
Ĺ̾Ϊֹˣټģʽļӳɣþȫ£Сս͵֣򲻶մãһ
ܸоһЩǿʵã
СĻҲֻһʵ׵̣ģʽļӳɣҲʲô˼ľ䣬ûӳֶġ
СǲٶȺͷӦ֧䷢ӣȻۡ
Сϣоһ޼᲻ݵĴף㡣
ⲻͦõô
ˮľûҪСֻҪԱˮľ޷˵ʱ򣬱ԼСҾ͹ˡ


790 
ǿ̽ҲǴڵģô׾ͳ֡
ˮľҲֻǸҵǿ󵽿žѣߵһԶ
ݣĲϵ׻һ޷ĵˡʮβв
Ͽǿлж֣ˮľ뻹ˣ˰Ŷݼ׵ؿһˮľˮ׼Ͳ̽Ҳûõ
ϵĿԣҲֻ翵Ըѡ
Щ֪ˣܻ޵ĿԣǴﵽˮľԺ󣬾ͻ֪ǰ·˵խҴǹذҪҵȷ·˵ļѡ
ܹԼǰԿףôݡֻۡʮβȫϲ̨棬ǿԾ̽򡢰˵
Ҫˮľ׼黹ܶ࣬Щ飬иʱ򣬲һ̽Ͳľҹ׷ӡͲ
ҾǴ˴Ͳľҹˮľ˵Ҳһǽ

һβ̵ʱĽ֮ԭ̴壬ȡ˴µĴҲûӰὫҪڽˡ
죬ľļڣ֮ȻһƬѩأĹȣ֮ΪһӰ׼ãһֱά̽ƽ֮Ҫٴʹʹ
ӰᣬȻһ㣬ϸİϵ̶ܴ϶žҪˮˡ
̴ӰеĻϸƣΪ˱֤Ӱ̸еʱһ̫˳´֣Ҳ
ԼǩʽֳԽΪ׵̾Ȼ䣬Ȼɱ˶ĿӰǧ飬ǰ֮
Ӱʿ֮֮ٿΪ˶žٴη
ӰʽٿʱѾˣʱ򣬸̴ӰҲôŻˡ
֮Ұ޴Լֽ㡪־ϺͿһ·֮ķǰٹãҪ뿪֮ľˡ
һٹ֮⣬Ƿ֮ͻ֮ôս
ԽɱľҶɰӢĽ۹ɽǣǻ֮ľҶϽķΧˡ
˳ĬǰеʱΪ׵ҰͻȻüͷһ塣
ôˣ
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ʲô
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ˣ
Ұ侲˵
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ȸַ֪ȷʵȡ裬ڶԵϣֻҪβദһ㶼ɢ˼ΪС
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Ұҡҡͷ
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ЩͨߣսϻܷãӰս֮䣬Ͳ岻֡
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¶ɫ
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аǲʱˣ
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Ҫ£б൱İա
ûõģܲϷɵģ
Ұ޷־ϵ顣
׼սɣҲãõˡ
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ǿǴΧܶʱֻţҷʩΪ
ǣ˻ɣֻܱǲ̫ˣ
ҿɳӸշС
֪ǣҺ־ϾͰﲻæˡ
ٿصĲ˿޵ģ޳־ϵķȻΪǿ󣬵Ϸ䣬߿֮󣬻ж˭Ҳ˵׼
ɵļһʵ̫ˡ
Ұ޿Ѿӽĵˣһֳֻ԰ɫľ޴˫֣ƺˡ
ڵϴҽ˴֮ץס
ڵϣ˻ᰲĺܶ࣬ǣϣǵ˵ȨڽĵϣҰ֮ǿҪܣ̸ס
ڣҲֻܼϣҰ޷չֳӰƣ˸ɾնˡ
˽ӽ֮վڰеϵӰ¶ݡ
ҩʦ˵ĵϴתôѾˣʲôѵ֯͡йϵ


791 
ұ˶ԷӰûʲôУҵʮҪռ㹻βޣҲԡ֯ṩĶ⣬Ǹȡɣ
һϮɫ۵ҩʦǡ֯ڵ׺۵Ĵ磬ҲһжӦûм롰֯
ĿŵϮĿӰҰޣͬʱҲһβҩʦ˵ӦûʲôôŶԡ
̴֮⣬ʵ֣Ҳģֻоϲġ֯ˡ
ֻ鱨ʾȻڡ֯һԱ뿪֯
еĳԱ񡢶ηͻ
û뵽֮ҩʦȻ֯˹ϵֱһβҰ޳ˡ
ɰ壬ұˣС˰
ҰԴԵɤӷЩ
ΪƾһˣܹԸң
˭֪أһ˵ˣҲһˣ
˵ŵҩʦٿŵϴĻ壬һƬɵ˫Ұޡ־ϺͿɵķǵصط˹
ķϻ˵̫Ҳûʲô˼ҵǶȲˡ
֯β޵ĿԶ׼ģÿһβ޵Ĳħһأ˳֮£սӰʵ̫ˡ
Ҫǡܹ֯ռ㹻β޲Ҳܵôסؾˡ
ʱΪֵز㣬Ѿû㹻׽β޺ˡ
̽ǿ߾ôܹ࣬аյؽһŴȥĸ֮٣֯꣬Ҳôˡ
ǿ󵽿βߣ඼һײᱳѣ㱻֯
ҩʦɥȮ֯͡Щصļһǣ̫Ҳֻǻöѡ
Խ׵ʽҩʦæ׽βޣ֤ԭһġ֯Ѿʲôزˣòҩʦ֮֯ʵĿꡣ
ҪǳŻڣԲᷢ飬ǲ֮λѾûκι˼ɵƫִ񣬸ᱻ֯νĹֻҪܹץʲôֶζν
ӵҩʦǵһγԡ
˫ٶȼ죬ҲףҲû㣬ǵͻϮɰ˵Ǻܺõѡ
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ݡ
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˸⣬԰ȥͨĿ˺ͻ־ϸûЧ
ϴʹõ˫Ҳڷݡķ֮±رըڷкХĻУը˵ɰ˺ˡ
ըľ޴ĳЮŷݡϣҩʦķȥ
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ﵽɵķĸ߶ȵʱû̫ɱֻҩʦŽеҡμ¶ѡ
ң鷳ļһǴΪʲôûܷɵ
־ϲĵرԹ
ֻвɵϻɵĵ˵ʱ򣬲ᵽֱ˳Ȩı
˵ɰ壬ܹ̽߷еûж٣
ôɵôӶس֣
ľҶˮľշѾΪ̴֪ˣ̴βܽҲв֪֯Ѿ˵ĵϴҲǿߡ
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ʹеĵϴǳ壬һǴҰľѧ
ǻ˼һǰǲ֪Ż
־鼱֮±ԹĻʱҰ޺ͿɵĿ
ô˵ʲô
ǸϴѾˣ
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ȻֻһˣǴвȴһ㶼


792 
ҩʦȤؿ·ܣΣͷȻ顣
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ɢϢһķӰó˲١
þλţûüëĺȦزס
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㻹統һЦ
Ұ޻ӻ֣һŲӿɫɳӿʼۣγһСɳƽ̨Ұ޵Ĳٿգӽҩʦķλ
ιҰޣ˵ӦôǣΪ׸ġ
²ȵ־ϺͿϣֻܼϣҰ޲ٿصɳ
Ұҡҡͷ
˺ܼ֣һϡ
һǱҲһܼըǰɰȽЧ־ϵķݺͿɵĿҲûЧ̫ˡ
ľҶ鱨תߣǺѻܵĲ֮Ǳƴ̫Կˡ
ҰҲԼĿǣɰĻȻȽЧҪֶεĻпɺ־ϰæҲһ㣬Ͼ˫ȭѵ֡
Ǻðɣ
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ֻ֪ҩʦǿǲ֪жǿɰˣΪҪսǱתĵϴȴ֪ҩʦǱȵϴӼֵĵˡ
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ݡ
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ҩʦڰн費ʱһֻ޴ɰȭͷҩʦϣʱҩʦڵһݺ·ɳС
ţһֻ޴ɰƲĵȻ£ڵҩʦĵط·أĥҩʦ
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Ұźҡҡͷ
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793 
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еĵϴĻȻʲô⣬Ϊƿľ񣬵ҩʦϵҲǲʵ
ֻҪҩʦûг⣬ɰܣûתĵϴʵû̫õİ취
ûжٷӡҰޡ־ϺͿɣϴĻըʮֲǵѡҰ޲ףҲ޷޵Ĳ֮ȡ
ҩʦѾôǿôӦ˰ɣ
ķɳƽϢ޴ɳӵײҩʦŴɰ棬Լ˳վ֮ɵϵĳȻЩǱȷʵûܵʲô˺
ô᣿
ҩʦ˵Ľȷʵɰ˵ϡ
Ȼ֪ҩʦһض൱İգԼʵ϶ԤƵġ
汻УȻû̫Чȷʵ޷⡣
һһΪôˣû뵽Ȼû£ʱɲã
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ˣõĵϴĻ壬ôһĹٴλָ壬ûм޵Ĳתһֻ޴֣ƱȸղɵҪš
һĹЧƺ̫ãҪ취
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̫СǸˣҰޣܹɵȻģʽû뵽һˣ̽ڵѾǿ̶ˣ
ǰߵһβغףˮľڵʹĦĿֲһβغ¡
Ǹʱһβغ׻űѩ޵ĵԴһǰɰٴθܵǹԼ̹ĵĲʱӴѹȸΣʶʱһβغ״Ѱ˼
ģʽߣǿ󵽲ķӣһҪСģҿɲһΡ
Ұľı仯һβغ׺Ұ޵ĹϵҲõ˸ơ
ΪһβغױһķӡԣʹһβѳɾһλƢľβҪѣƢ黹ܹƵĻԷӡܵĸţһβغʵ̫ﵽ״̬ˣһСģβй¶ܴڵĲת
ģʽ
ҰЩɻ
ľҶλˡҲˮľʲôϵô
Ҳ˵ûˮľϴνҷӡļһɣߣˮľϢеƣҲЩһ
ľҶô
ҰԥƬ̣£ڲоľҶصʱ򣬼ҵսǰҪúÿǶԸ˵İ취
ģʽʲô㣿
еģʽͬС죬ȻĲ󣬲ܼ̫ʱ䣬ֻҪŵģʽ֧ŲסˡãСģ
ںغ׽ҰޣͻȻ·֮ıʡ
վҩʦѾָĵϴû̫ľٶ·ɳͻȻӿֳһƬƬɫɳӿ
ʲôɰѵҲлͬǿ
ɺ־ƺЩǰһĻֻҰ̾һЩƣ˵
ǲͨɰӣǽɰ
ɳĮ֮УܹʹִΧɰйģֻ˴ŶѪ޽ɰĴĿӰɰ


794 
ɰ
־ϺͿɲԾ̿ˮ
ܹ˲ӱԼжϵģֻѾɱȴӰͬʱҲ־ϡɺҰ޵ס
˵޼ɵҰ޻ϵĮĸ׺޸Ļɰ־ϺͿɵģ˲Ц֮⣬ΪӰİԵһе̣ڸֵӰ³־ϺͿɣԸ׵ηıܡ
ŮʮĽγɵĶԸ׵η֮ģɲǼ򵥵ܹġ
Ȼ·Ľɰγһ״ϣҩʦ͵ϴĻ屣УסΧ˻ɰγɵӿ
֮һĿӳɰǰǳɫ̷Ƿӣ޲͸¶þλϢ
ףҲΪ˻תĿô
ɺ־ʵԼĿǰ룬ԭĿи߲ʵĸףֻǱĿܣ뵽ȥԼľη˳ӣʱӿֳ߷ߵĸС
ɰ̵ɨذ
ǱϲĴƭһ졪Ӱ˰ɱ֪ڵ˵Ĳ£óȻսǿѣԭΪЩѾȥˣû뵽ĳٴα˾ȥɰѿ׵ģȻһηӰԼԼŮ
Щ鷳˰
ɰһֱһԣǾ̴֮һռ֮һŶݣǴһβغѧģǴŶݵӵǴû֤ʵ²⣬ÿһǿԴһ̴Ĳ֮ء
ˣݴţΪǿӰĿӰյɰ֮ԼĴĿӰɰյɰʵǴŶݵ
ɰɰͬɰҪö࣬ȻҲҪǿ٣ǿɰɰӵܹɳĮռݵƵʱ򣬳ѹͬóɰӵһβغ׵ܹ֪ĴĿӰɰжǿ
ΥӼᣬŮƺ˷ܲ
׵ļһʹߵͲ·ô
ûƶֻ֣֮ǿʹ߶ѣȻҲʲôˣǾһô
֮Դǵس֮ڷ
Ÿ׵꣬Ȼа飬˺Լĺӣ⻹а񣿡
Ҳɣִͨ˵ǵļҲˡ
Сʼҩʦ͹ŵΨһемܰˣҩʦҰϧؾˡ
ڣҩʦѾûʲôܹɵ־ˣ־˭ģҩʦԼѾܲˡ
ٺ˶໰ҩʦɰӵɰȡĴɰγһƬɫļ̣ϷҰޡ־ϺͿɷе𹥻˹ȥ
Ƶĸ׳ˣҰҲʾʹɰӭƵĺȻûоҵıըô࣬ͳȴŶǵѹȸУ˷
ɰ
Ұǿ󵽿ԸıεھӸµʱ򣬿ȫӳ
ĵ棬żʯ飬Ҳǿ£һŵɰӣŲϷɳϳһֱͨص׵һΧһжУɰǵϴĻ壬ԼҩʦûüɵûȻĵ¡
תȴӰʵ˲١
Ұ̾ţȫʢʱڵɰԲᱻ׾ٵѹơ
Ȼǲ֮ǵҲǱˣ
ҩʦƣƱػѹɰһԭɰǿ
ȻƲ˵ҰҲûбҪҩʦԼһ˿
ɰٴᡣ
ɰʹõĳǿɰĵˣɰӵ÷飬ǿĿ֮
һɰӿЮǿĲɨص׵ѹȸУڰеɰ˶ܵõ
һΣӦ˰ɣ
Ұ޽ɳӣüͷ΢壬֪·Ķ
ϰĵ£̫ˣҰ޵ǿ֪Ҳ½ۡ
ãֻû
һɫͻȻӳҰһֻɰγɵ۾ڹ۲Ұ˵ķλƵҰ̿Զʹù
ʱѾ޴Ľɫɰ｣ƵرתϵҰޡ
ˣһ޴̣ԼٶȣҰޡ־ϺͿɵɳ
޻ת֮Ҳô
鱨ʾˮľսʹǿȻĵӡҰӣҲѧˡ
û뵽ԭֻǴҩʦȻҲĻԵʵ


795 
һ£ʵѰͺͻ߲ͻȻر֡
һ൱ְҵľҶѧУѧϰ֪ʶҪҵʱ䡣
ȵȹʵĽ׶ΣʮͷʱʵȷŻ
ʱĻ뾭ĥˣ׶ΣûĻԵҪʵʵǲˡ
ܹܶʱڴʵҪôΣԺܸߣҪôѧɺѣ֮ô׾ġ
ŬͳܵķգǻǿĴۡ
޻ת֮ˮľһȫܡǿʩչٶȳʵֺܶܶ
ˮľ˵ǳԴ֮⣬ʹôһˡ
ɴҲɼǿ
ǣҩʦʹõʱ򣬽صҲֳ಻һԡ
ɷ޻ת֮Ұ޵ķ򹥻ȴһƬɰγɵıǰסҴ̣ûǳǳһ㣬ûҰ޵ķ
˵ˣɰɵĳǽǰûа취ͻơ
һҩʦҲԤƵˡ
ֻ޻ת֮γɵʯͻȻ翪ʼըѣը˲佫޷ͻƵɰǽƬƬ룬һƬɰӱɢ䣬ûü䣬ͱ׻
ûвľҶжɰ壬Ͳ֪ҩʦǰչ¶ɷ޻ת֮ϴıըںϺҰ޾ͳ˴
ͻƣɵĺԭûôأҰ޵źһɰ֮Ѿǿ֮ĩıըӦòʲô˺Ŷԡ
ķչܲɰϣ˲ֻͬʱģʵǿɰ
޴Ľɰ｣͸Ѿɰǽ˵ķٷ
㹻ʱ䣬Ұ޵ȻԺķѴĲʹ÷ǿϴԻɰC3ʮ˷ը޷ⲿƣڣҩʦӶĹ֮£ûĻᡣ
⣬Ұޱӻµ־ϺͿɣܲȷʵҰսʱ׸
սϣɰ̶ʵǿŷɥ̾Ӣڵռʱ˺͵£ֻҰֿҲ޷Ԯ֡
ɰľ޴ɰ｣ɲ˵飬Ұĸ׼Ŵûܵʲô˺ǿɺ־ϾͲһˡ
ɰ｣ȻûͻҰʱǰɰϣ޴ĳɰӶƣ־ϺͿһɣԶ֮󣬴Ұ޲ݵƯɰϵȥ
־ϺͿһأ̾ͱɰͷŸǣȻУһȦӡĸ֣ã˵ж
־ϣɡ
Թ˲ϾҰ޿·ץסֽ㣬ͷصŻûͣЪ޻ת֮ѹԼɰ֮ܵάҲѶʱڹԼѾʩչķ
˶һҪɱ㣬ҩʦ

ۼƲߵóѣҩʦЦ˵
ʵãҲԹˡңΪڹ棬Ҿûа취ô
˫ֽӡҩʦͣ޻ת֮תͷų˺þõ
ֻ³һŵɫצץһҫ۵飬鲻תֱеۼһȻȻ
ĿϹǿҲˣڳĳ˲ӰҩʦͲ֮Ļ֮⣬ɰ˶ڵߣûܵǿ˺
ǰ׼֮ľҵĸƵ𶯣о޴ĳͣЪػҰɰ֮ܵķ
ҵ𶯣Ұ޶ʱɥʧ˶ĿƣȫĹͷҵҰ޵ͷԳ޷жˡ
ǲܺ޷赲ĴҰ޵ɰ֮ܵķȻΪҲ޷ҰĹ֮°Ȼ
Ӯأ
䲻ǲѴ֮Ҳ˳һӰô׾ٵؾͰˡ
ɰʧȥ˿ƣʱʼ
ҩʦȻ
ҩʦɰϴĻ𣬽ʧȥʶ·Ұ޽סһŴŴŶݷӡĽɰסҰȫ̱䷴
һβغףˣ
ҩʦصͷȻŵϴָԶȥ·Ŀɺ־ϣͱҩʦԺˣ޹ؽҪﲻֵùע
˽һߣҲӰ֣ɰһֹ棬ҲֻܹԼá


796 Ӫ
ҩʦԶȥɰսڵҲԽԽԶɰĲӦ漰ʱ򣬽ɰ־ϺͿɵѹҲ͵˼㡣
һƬתĵ趯ɫСȻֻܵƿ˽ɰķӡ
˵־ϺͿɻѪٴα¶¡
Ұȥˣ
ԭҵսĵطֻһصǽ壬ɰɰϵĳʾһδαըĺۼ޲ʾŲ֮ǰսĲпᡣ
һжƽ
ӦǱץ˰ɣ
˴ĻǵȻҵǿġպܹҰ޵ߣ϶ȫ׼ӭսɰˣһʼ൱׶༪ǿԤ³
Ǹô죬׷
ɿ˿վȡֻý޴ȵڵϲܱƽ־ϣٿԼѾҪɥʧ֪˫ȡ
ȥԮɣǵʵǿ̫ˣһ֪ûûĵơ
ȴӰڳսۿۣҲ־ϺͿܹͶԸ˵ġ
ɰҲֻǧŲӭսӰǿߵʵ
⣬־ϺͿɵʦʵҲպϣʹǣսҲ
ľҶԮɣȻĴĿӰҩʦҲľҶߣתҲľҶĽǲӦ÷βܣҰޡ
ʷΪľҶķӰҰȨûбľҶˣҰˣ롣
ɰһʸӰ֮λ˲ŶûС
˾Ȼ̴֮һɰ壬ʵ̫ѿˡ
жˣֻÿɷų߿ܣ־ϺͿɿٵطɰ塣

ˮľ֪ĿӰҰ⵽ҩʦϮʧٵʱѾǵڶˡ
һôͺ֯͡һжˮľҲЩ֡
̽ķչѾƫ̫ԶˣˮľҲеϸڡ
֯ʵǰȴҩʦǿ֧ԮսûޡȡʩزĵĻתֻҪҵʵǿ˵ʬ壬ܹʵ
һĽܹ׼Ұ޻Ҳûʲôܽܵġ
ľҶԮҲûʲôСܱ۸ҴҳӣҲǺ뷨
Ӱ칫ңַ鱨ָûŰ칫˼ŽĶԲߡ
ֻ֪ĿӰҰޱץˣȥȫûͷˣôӪȣ
һα׷βܽʱҪ⣬Ǹʱˮľһ֮ͻϮųԹ˲ϾĻᣬܽ
Ұޱץߵʱе㳤ҩʦǶͷɶжޡ
·ϷɣߵжȫԶ֪Ұ޵ױĸƫƧĽ䱻һβغףȻΪҩʦתĶ
üͷ
ɰرķܹҵһβغ׵ĲۼǾѰͲ̫ˣɰ̾ͨ׷ٵĸֲ࣡

ֵ˼ˮľˣòҪҾͨ׷ٵǰȥ֧Ԯôˮľĵڰ˰ǵʲõѡҲûбŮ־˺Ȯڣʺϵˡ
ؿСҲȥô
ҡҡͷ
Ҳǲѡں֮Ķ飬ﴫԳ֯ļ󣬾鱨ӦǽǶͷɶΡ
ǻ鷳
ĴĵˣҪȥ׷顣
ƺ֣˾
ˮľĵڰ˰ľĵ߰ǰȥ֧ԮսСӣӦӦԾ󲿷Σˡ
߰ࣿ˲ڣ鶼ȫҲҪȥ
Ѿˡ
ҲЩͷۣûãͳҪ߼֤ʵǸ˺ʱ
ˣ
ˮľһ죬ܹڴˮľĸ֪ӦĳЩطĶ˷ԼʽˮľûȫеĿռ䲨Ӧ
ı仯Ȼû֪ˮľ
ɵô
ˮľпЦȻһ죬û뵽ͱųĳЩ֮⡣
ȻˮľҲû̫ģ־ŲѾ˵ڣˮľҲά̫ŵĽ䱸ֻҪֹǲľҶƻˡ
İҲУü
ۣǿڹؼʱܹ
ֳһ֮ͬˡ
׼׵;ÿһ̣ҰܹȵĻСһ֡
ѾһʱˣԮСӲ֪ķλûгǽҲòٵʱ׼
Ψһҵǣˮľʹ÷ܹ֮޶ȵؼʱ˷ѣֻ˷ѵĴˮľе۶ѡ


797 ׷
ͬСʱܵżһֱһ˳
̽ĸ˺˵ľƣ
ʣĿӰҰޡ
ɴ跢ġľҶƻʶˣΪһǸʱȡʤ
ֻȵصľҶʱҰѾĿӰ
־ԻӰ֮λΪĿˣϢʱе𺳿֪
ԼûӰ֮λżֻһ̣Ұƽƽʮǧ
о޴Ҳʵ̼һ˵񾭣еĳ̶ȣҲ˲١
˴ľɽѧչģʽҲžҪֵʱҰޱ˷ץߵϢʱ˵˼
Ϊͬ˵Ȼϣ˷ӰҰܹ˳˳ɰôͬ
Ǹһļһ˵ŬıˣôҰֵط¡

ˮľ˲پǽ߰͵ڰ˰ȫ͵˷֮ɰ塣
ôԶľ룬ǽˮľԲỨô
ֻ״̬ѣȻǿӲҪ־ϺͿɣҲֻðСӣҰơ
ڼ䣬ϲּСǧżľʱһȽ䵱伫Ƶľ˷ïƲסǧţɱԼĶӺͶϱĵˣһʹ֣ھ֮ìΡ
Ϊ˽Լʱ䣬ˮľò־ϺͿɣһƣһɰ̽һβغ׵Ĳķλ
״ʹҵ˷ӰҲδܰæɣ
־ϺͿɵʵҲܹʩоӢߵɰͷص̣Ȼǳ͵˲š
ֻһεĵ̫⣬ľҶĶ鶼ΪĻȥˣҲûʵ
ȻЩΪѣҲȥһǱġ
Ϊǵ죿
Ҳ֮һɡ
ΪʩչҽĹϵϵͲҲʱĨòҲ൱ᣬҰȷʵмƣȻֵܡ
ΪҲҵĵܵܣ
ɵĻøͬܵ־ҲԾصͷ
ҪҲЩ˼
ˮľ̾һһЩһﱣƽģ϶ȥġ
ɰ徫񾡳֮û͵ϮȻӰڼǡ
ˮľûм˵֮䣬ʲôֱַοӰỹûٿԼûг֮Ҫǽ֮ϵ鷳С
ˣȫ
ǧЦ˵
ҵĵܵܺϲҲȥ˱ߣ֪ǵ˼Բʱ͵Ϯġ

Ȼˮľ£ˮľҲȻٶ໰
ûٸֵɰ壬󲿷˶ɢȥ̽鱨սҲǧܹæ־ϺͿɣʤްɣӵãˮľĵڰ˰࣬пܻóǲָ̫࣬ǵ߰ġǶӡʵǿǵķӣֱӹϵǲܹȻҰޡ

֮һϷСңû̫زҲܣֱԵشȵشͨҪڴսеĲ֮ҪΨһĿģľɫ
ֻǣ̽绹ûнȹҵˮƽȻƻǺأֻҪĵԭ򣬵деֲ̻ˮƽ൱ߣҲ̫ЩĽҰ
ïܵĴڸǵشһ޴ĵܶڣҰѾŷ⾡ղóʱˡ
ħջصβ޲ȻǺܶ࣬ҲɿһˣβββԼβѾܹ֧ħ൱ɹ۵սˡ
Ϊؼǣһֻֻ۵ǲ״ȳҪõö࣬ʹֹʵʹ÷ĻʵѹȳҪСһ㣬ħĿȻҪʤһ
ˣӽʱ䣬һֻβޣв̵ʱ䡣
ǲǶͷɶΡޡԼʱæҩʦܹʵǿߣȫʢʱȻҪ٣Ҳһս֮
ڼ˳Ĭŵȴŷ⾡ѹեҰڵβ޲ʱ򣬲Զĵ棬ͻȻһ԰׵Ӱİ׾Ĳ̫õ鱨
ľҶɰ׷ӣѾԶˣҵҲֻʱ⣡
겻ɢţ׼
ָڼʩչõ֮β޲ոɾ֮ҹҲ̫뻯ˡ


798 
ҩʦ֮ذ֯׽ȻΪǲνĻƭ۷
ܹøĿ궼һµҩʦǲһ£Ψһԭ򣬾Ľѡ
ҩʦΪ룬ȡǲϱҪزġ
ģǳŵһϸԼҩʦѰöûͷǿߣ̽ľҶľĸףΪԵƻͬͬĲ߶ɱľ˷ïһʬ֯
ҩʦ֪ŵѾˮľһתͨˡ
ˣһֲ̽սľ˷ïҲҩʦˡ
һЩѰöûʬ壬ԳǲߵؼһԼ˲֪ľǰռǿߵʬܹ֯׾ٵŪ֡
£ץһҰҲ㲻ʲôҩʦ˵ܻռ˴ˡ
ֵҩʦҲԲðΣΪ֯ȡ
ʩչŷ⾡ĵܶԭӦֻʵʩץжҩʦҰΪİȫҩʦֻǰɰ͵ϴĻﾯ䣬Ȼ֧ǲߵĴʩչõ֮Эʹûŷ⾡
仰˵˻а׾ڼӡԼҰ֮⣬ûһˡ
ҩʦҲ֪һĽһС
ȻòеͷζĴ¾Իл֮ˮľǰ
ǿߵĹע֮£򲻹ĻܶܲҲɲҩʦСˡ
ˣһβغ׻ûдȫʱ򣬻ܾʹ˷
ô죿Ҫʹת֮һǵĽŲ𣿡
ֻһĹ͵ҩʦʵ
ܹͽģҲҩʦԶ̿ƵĻˣڼսǿİ׾ľҶɰ϶ǰǵǲںˡ
ת֮ЩƻĸǰֻܷʵĿʲôã
ؽ˰̵ǶĺھҲֻһвκ˷ȣͬҲһ
ѿʵ飬ʹڳӰĬ
ҩʦԼ˵
ɣҲסԼ棬
ô
֪ûģ˲Խ;ķ
Уʲôãֻʱ䣬ԷɲǷ֮˶þͻʶơ
ҪľֻĻѡ
ҩʦгش
õһҵһβ޲ˡ
Ȼأ
õβܽҰ޶ߣ
޷ܵĺ
ȻǲǸʲô
һӰβסҩʦϹԴЦݡ
ʲô˼
ǲôǿѹȸеֻۺͲд۶ҩʦ
ҩʦԡ֯ĶⲻΪ⣬Цӯӯش
ܹõβ޲ȻãһأкǾ޴Ĳ𣬵Ķ٣ֻǳ̶ϵ΢СˣαؾһҪҰڵĲ׳ӡ
ඥĻǲͷһ
ûĿǰΪֹӡħβ޲һֻȱģ
һֻûС
еľҶˮľϣѾչ¶ģѾ󲿷β޵ĲŪһ֡
ǽˮľϵβ޲򣬸Ͳβޱӡ
ȻѾˣǾ;һβغ׵ĲˣʣµģҪҲգӰ첻˴ֺͱʣֻǻħʵ΢½һѡ
һˣǲ˾
ת֮ҲҪõģʱͲںֶˡ⣬ģˣһϡ
ǲԥҰ̡
ﱻ֣ɱҰޡ
β޵ֻһ
̫Ұڲһβغ׵ĲĻĲķ
˽⣬־
ҩʦ΢΢ͷ
Ȼ˺ôһβҰ޽֯ĽѾˡ
ҰѾǡ֯ġƲȻҪΪǲС
ԮҲñ֤ʲУҪϵĳ㹻Ѿõ㹻ĺôͲðŷȥ׷һ˴ŵļֵˡ
ܹԼЭҲĻ
֯ҲǴǰԳΪĳҪ׵öࡣ


799 
̴֮֯̽սԱȣǴƵλ
֯˼ɵģʵڰȴĿһ㡣
ڣò֪ˡ֯ڵأȴΪشıʣ֯ٴת¡
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ˮľĵڰ˰׷سСӣҪһҵһˣ൱ѡ
һͬǰеǧš־ϺͿܹһЩĻˮľˡ
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һҲˣ絽磬Ϊԭ˷˴Ҳٵ
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800 
֮ǰ֯͡ĴսֻľҶİ׾һȸѾ˲С鷳
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ʱҪͶȡɣʵݺݵظһ⣬߲·󻹲òͷ
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ݶԱس߰ĴҰӣǧָӣڰ˰ʱľǲֲ߰Ĳ㡣
ر֮ˮľٶȣĿ֮ǰǧĶľҲ¿ٽ
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Ȼ󲿷ֶûʲôΣգзյУˮľҲúý
СӣҪѧʦĮˡ
ΪᣬСӣܲ̽ʮǧţôῴˮľЦӯӯ˫ĵȻ
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ļֵʧȥ壬
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ǲһѣͱ̴ࡣ


801 ɱ
һޱݣΪתԵĮǱӡ
һ֮󣬾Ѹ벻ԶӰУȴһλᡣ
ոյ͵ϮԭЩĶ飬ʱսͣ׼ӭӽս
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һʱ䣬ôﶵȦӣҲֻҵ˼˶Ŀնȴɳʵǿս϶Ѿӽ˵ڵء
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ø֤Լʵˣ͵ǿΪԼԽʯˡ
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ΪʲôԣҾͲУҲġ
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ߺǵķΧԽԽ㣬ʹòġţ̽еսְҵС
ڼΪʿ֮֮ʵܶҲѧϰ߲
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ʿս߰ɱӵ۵ļ£ҲǷ˵ķ롣


802 ط
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۷ڱͬʱġ̡ҪľҶ̣̽綼ҲԶùĵеǿߡ
һ뵽ĵ˾ȻµļһʹǿͲд۵ǲое㷢
ľţҲͳĿӰǧ临˰ɡ
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ʵпʦæǶǿĶֶһս֮
ԮǰˮľʦٶȣҪ˶þͻǰ֧Ԯ
Щοǣ˫ŵĳһ޼᲻ݵĲSһѪȻԲҲǽѷһı
ľ˷ïĻŵֻǻȥĳҲͱͭҪһ㡣
һѺľ˷ïõж
ʹ˫ֵֽǲȻһûѳ־ŲһԼˡ
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ǣҲһ⣬СܵϸѵȻΪľ˷ïɱδȫ洫Լ彣ľ˷ï·ͽصָƵľڷϷĸӵˮ©
ǿ߲й޹ʱҪսپͻˡ
еײĽ֮սĳҲΪңǲٶģŵĻ߲ϱ任ŷλǲ˶켣
ľٶۺȫ棬д۵Ķ̬ڹԤϷḻľ飬ʹӦľ˷ïĻĹ
ǲΪḻľ©ȱĸĴҪҲ൱ѡ
ȻûеǹơͻɱԼľо
ϾֻǱҩʦݵĿܣϰ˴ͳ˼άսʽҩʦͲܷӳ߻ȫ
Ȼʱ˻·磬սصԵʵµģӵв֮Ļ壬ܹ߰ӡģֻдҰӣʱҪСӣɰ̶飬Ҫֱ̫ˡ
ĵĻʵʹͲд۵ͫգһûʶĻʹľ޴ʵЩֵá
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ڣ˲ٻҲ֪ߵһЩʶ֮Ҳ֪ڲԵʱ
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ЩȻظп
˻ڹ۲ʱһɹĲ·ð
ˣСġ
䣬޴ĳͿն׼ȷĲɵˡ
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常
Ѿ˺ö׵ܵܡղַʽ̽硣
ԡеҲ߻أղȭɲǰİӡ
Ǿβˣͨ߱УɥʧսˣܹͼѾ츳ˡ


803 ʲ
ʱ˿̣ûƲˣսʱָϣģʽòˡ
ʱָܹϵģˡ
һ֮˵жǿһ޵ĸ֣ȫֻרעȭƻ
ĵˣֱûӦĿֶεߵجΡ
ܽӡĻᱻ䲻ϻָ
ˣҲû·ˣҪȡָʱ䣬ȵԮĵܰվ
͸һǿ̣ҪսʵЩΪѣЩʱû·ġ
Ϊ˴ųҵԼ¸ҵĽ֮һܹǴ漣ԴȪ
еڣûѧˮľʦķӡֻһҽƤë
ͬΪڰ˰Ů־ˣǳˮľĵӴҰӣ֮⣬̳ˮľַӡľҶߡ
ǻӡڽϣŮ־˵ҲΪԼҴĲٳ֮ʵҲõ˼ߡ
ֵȮڣҲˮľĽ£רעԲʱ仯̷֮󣬹Ҳ˹Ŀ࿴
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Ҳˮľʵǿ󡢿㣬ҪһȵߣֱӾͱˡ
ֻҽȻȾ󲿷ҽ߶ҪˣͬвģѧҽҲ
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Ҳò󲻵ĵˡ
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ܺãעⰲȫ²ΪȴҲҪ

ߵȣˮľڰʾ򲻹Ҳ޷
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תҩʦ޼ɵʹãʵ̫Σˡ
ԭúøһһѵģôļһˮľţûսʤˮľİյ£óȻˮľǰ


804 ǿ
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ȭʹܾˡԲеķʽʱ򣬶ֵѹͿ֪ˡ
öԸ˵̬ս壬һʼͳ˴
ֱָҪĹܲˣΪ˸˵ı۰һ㲢˺սûоģǾḻ̲֮һԿ
ͷ֮սͲҪսˣ϶׷Ī
ֻǶ̶̵ļغϣ˫֡븹ѾкüΡ
ȭƻԻ㲻ʲô˵ͺܲˣ¶ˣٳɶ࣬ҲΣˡ
ݽߵͲҪЪϢҲϹ
ﶼûлĨȥǵѪ
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˵˫Ȼ֧ܲŵĻϰѾҪӽˣ̧ĸ첲Ѿ޷ٰڳ׼ȭơ
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ʵӦòܵô졢ôҡ
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ˣɣ
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ҪһߣҲҪ˰ղĻڰо͵ƣһȭԿֱ˲÷ײˡȻһš
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Ҳģ嶯ˡ
ˣޱˣûȵȻᣬ
˵ţˮļ̌ͷղĻ塣
ֻһƾճ֣Ȼղ˽ȥ
ǹϣ²Ϊֱӳˣ»תزֱҶ߰ɣ
ˮľһȻȭȥںʵĹ׸ϣ޴졣
ȻûЧ
ʵĻתĲʾͼѱƣнתĹıµ㹦򣬻治ƻ

źŵյʱ򣬱ˮľر𽻴жˮľƵıЯʽزĽߣһƬľС
ҲǣҪһˡ
۲ֻǲ֪֮ӦܺǿˣЧֶΣҪȻôó׷ٵߣˮľҪϣ


805 Ϯ
Щʱ򣬸ոշһöźŵǧţɫӵؿǰϤӰ
Ĵ㡭
ԭɰЭϴץҰޣʹҩʦƵĿܣȻЩԽܣۼʱ򣬸
ûɵʶɰȻ޷شǧŵ⣬ľȻ̧˫ֽӡŲӿΧӲĵѸٱһɰŶ˹ȥ
Ŷɰ鷳û뵽ɰɱﵣȻɵˡ
ڳˣǧźͿǿʦʩҲһѺ֣Ը֮ɰûЧˡ
Ҳֻ־ϵĴΧݻеôҪսǸóӦ״ĴҰӣ
ȻʶǸɫŵ壬Ҳͦǿġ
ǧš־ϺͿһ࣬СӣҲе֪ĴĿӰ֮󣬶ʱͶȡɵ뷨
ĴǵĽɰ֮£³ˣͿҪˡ
ҧָĴҰӣʱʩչͨһֻӴ˾ȵľ޴֣ܳ鷳ڱϣȻȶһСɰڼ³žܲϵػǰ֫ΧĽɰ˽ɰĹƣҲɰ˺ʹҰӣһڡ
ɰ޴ѹھƤƤë֮£ҲûжԾ̫˺
ôܣǣҲֻȡһʱ䡭
һβغնҪһֻģͨ޶ѣ϶ɰȴӰĶ֡
֪ҲֻҪȡһʱѡ
ģʽҪѲ̵ʱ׼ȻСӣ̿УѾΪˣȻûа취ˮľʱʹá
˫ֽӡŲСӣܿеȻƬ֮һĪϢСӣӿñϵɰ˶ΪԾ
ȻȻǱˮľ̿еĵӡ
ǧﲻζӳ£ٵߣǱ˼ҵģɰ塭
ʵɰҲвŻŵģǧŵӡɰ֮ЫĿӰĴĿӰɰѾڵĿӰҰޣǿ֧һӵ֮ӣֻϧǶˣûҰޣҲ׶༪١
Ȼ־ϺͿҲǲ˲ţǶȱ쵼ɰ
ˣңҲֻزˡ
ԴɫͫЩЦؿ˿ǰ滹ӿɳԭЩ̵ķɫͷΪȻĴ̼䳤˲٣ӿɢ衣
ˮľԽԽ˰
ȻСӣģʽ컯ڼ̳ͨޡ̫ܲԻԣӲҲȫûùͨޡˮĸļ־
ˮľһͨȻʩչӡĴ֣Ҳǿܹġ
ȻڵСӣҪսģʽĻȫӳɣԼβĲзжݴǿ
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׳ʯ޴ߣƽɰİȻųӿķϣ赲ɰϵؽ
ҩʦҲù
֮ǰҰϾˣҩʦһǿɷ׼֮һٻ
ʹȻͬ͵ȻƵص㡣
СӣȻ˵
ֻҪѧģʽͿܶƵ顣
ô
ҲֻľҶ߻ģʽô˵Ҳ޷֪ࡣ
ԭĽɰСӣ˴Ĳѹơ
Ŷݡɰᣬһβغ׶޷ѵֵˣǺη
ûжǻ۵βޣôĶ֣
ֻкĬβޣ޶ȵطӳȫҲֻǿҲԵñȽϴһҰ޶ѡ
Сӣͨޡ̫̤ܲ޻ת֮γɵʯͨɰڵķ˳档
Ľɰˣ˷Ϯͼ赲ܵĽӽӴļӳ£δܸͨ޾̫鷳
ʶĴΧûа취赲һͨ޾ˣɰĻ̸ı˲ԣʼеĹʽˡ
Ŷݡɰ｣Сģ־޴｣ܴɰһнغ׵ֱ۶һ顣
ˡ
Сӣһά޻ת֮ͬʱưھ̫ܲͷ
Ҫʲô
ɰЩⴺҰӣľٶʱӦܲŶ԰ɡ
ûôʱˣսپɡ
µľҲ𣬾޴ǰ죬ֻһɫĹϳǰתĹ֮У͸һɵɫӺݡ


806 ˼
ǲܣԲʱ仯
ͬʹòܵǧЩŵؿǰһС
ʹòܲʲô£ʱ仯ȻЩѣҲǲ⡣
ǣʹ󲿷߶޴ֵĸ߼ģȻһͷܡ
Ѿͨͨޣ˾˰ɣ
Ȯڣս顪ȮȣҲЩ㣬ս϶ǲˡ
ˮľʦͨޣֻǽöѡ
Լûбʲôͨޣ̽󲿷ֵ߶û
ң⻹Ǽ򵥵
ʹȻټҲǺ֣ٸ߼ҲһһЩܴȴ츳ִڡ
ǣǧŵĸ֪ȻܹǸ̺Ȼ

䣬ɰ｣Ӷײھ޴ҺʵĲ棬֮࣬óľ̫ܲҲһ١
ײ󣬲ȻȻ̫ܲƺЩƣͣŴ
ҿɲͨҰ޾Ȼܹɻɷĸ߼
ҲϱһӦðɣˮľʦ뷨Ǻܶࡣ
СӣҲЩΡ
һνֹŹֵֶʵսû뵽Ч
ϱһҪʲô޼ǿսֲܱҲʹòˡ
Ϊ޴Լǿ׳˳ĲֻΪӲʹʹѡ
С鷳ˮľϱǰ˼򵥵Ľ
ӲʹͲҪӣˣ˼飬ǽרҵ
ԣɴͱһͨ˵ľܾˡ
仰˵СӣڱվھͷʵϣΪһġ
ʹ˼֮һβغȫŵҰһģͬǣ޵ģǴͷǿƽСĴҰӣ
һ˷ǣҲЩ鷳
άƽ⣬ͬʱ֤ͬУʹøսܵˣҲһ׵顣
־ˡԼҲϣҲǾʮĥϣŵĬĵز
ţȻǷӣͲ±ɣ
вðյģܱΪͬҪǿ
˵ҲǣûС￴͸
ҪһʤˣвЭ֮ǰߴͽ̣
ûʲô̵ָģȻ֣ϾҲɰ̸˲鷳
޻ת֮žӴһ·ѹѸٵؽӽɰڵء
ڱƴԵٶϣģʽµСӣȷʵȷӦٶ۵ɰҪǿ١
ģʽԸ͵ߣȷʵƣսģʽΪ˺ͷ˵ǿսİɡ
޴ҺصƲĻɰĻı⣬Ȼצ̱䷴Ȼһŷӡĵ¡𣬽ɰƬ
תҲͷӡЧ
ǰצӣҪץסĴĿӰɰΪϮһֹͻȻһĽƾճ֣һ˷ӡɰķӡ˳̴˾ܵĽơ
ͻȻƣ˼άŵľ̫ܲҲʹòҽ
ϵʹԼͨ޵ľСӣҲһʱʧ
ҪɣСӣ
óʹöҩͬʱҲһ͵ҽߵǧţǰסЩҡεСӣתͷͿԼ޵ÿ̿ĵϤӰ
ľҶһξԲϴˡ
Ҫ¾̫ܲȥ͵ƴȴҰӣһס
ǰҪ
ԭͼѱƷľܣСӣȫάֵĲܣȴһ򴩣ƻʵ˾塣
ĵˣСӣɲȥӭս
ȹشԮ֪ʲôʣôˣûԮǽһ㡣
ڸոճֵĽûٴγֻ֣ǽɰߣȻ˾һͬʧ
ͬʱ˺ͳոյִľǲڵصˮľЦЦؿһͷ󺹵ʦ
ҪЦ𣿿ľҶְֽ㽣ĸףҲ̫˰ɣ
ľ˷ïĻ϶ѾˣȻҴĿؾſܻͻȻٵıɱ⣬ֱˮľȷΧûеˣһ
Ҫ´ԣ
ڰĵˣһ̿ͣսһ棬ؼʱʱ̶̿ҪȾв˵ѹʵ̫ˡ
ʲصߣʹɱҲҪ


807 ټ
ľ˷ïս
ˮľҲЦҡҡͷ
͵ϣˮľɲֿԡ
ȷӦǵһʱϸ߿գȻ·ճһƬ𺣣ľ˷ïٳɻҽ
ľҶ񶷣ˮľûһͻܿܶеˣûȡʤ
ߵĵ·ǧǧ򣬵ĳһţһ뻯ļ³̶ȵʱó򣬽˸û档
ֻΧֶ֮Σʵػǡ
ˮľȻֿԵظԼҲڡ
ľ˷ïĻ壬ˮľǵúԭвûгֹӦòˮľƫ
ԭӦòٺ̽йϸˣһ̽磬ʵˮľЩΡ
ôЩ꣬ˮľɵĺЧӦԽԽˡ
ˮľʱľǲϢ
ôһβʱ䣬۵ϵʪ͸ˡ
ˣ˫ֵϱۣ򡢱ȵ򣬶Сһ˿ڣЩ̫أȻѪ죬û˵ɵ˺Ҳޣˮľҽ֮󣬺ܿӦָܹսˡ
ˣе鷳
ﱻȭУҲ˵òᣬƣȻѾûʲôΣˣսҲǿһ㣬˵ڹؼʱʲôӡ
ˣϵ˶أؼڵľܵ˴ˣ˵鷳¡
ʹάֶԾβӡѹƣʹģʽҪòҪʲô⡣
ǱȽΣյģ״̬ãӳʵҲۿۣصǣٴηβߵ¹ʣڵˮľûлݵؽӡˡ
ҪϢһ𣿡
֮ľһ߸ԼͿҩһʵ
Ҳ밡ɰ̵Ȳ
ڿˮľ״̬ãһƤûвһ顣
˾ͲôˣҪϢһٳͺˡ
һֶҰ˵ϣ͸ãˣȻԭûж١
ղţɰǱҲźŵôˣ
Ӧûɣ
Լĸ֪УСӣģʽǺԵģԼͨޡ̫ܲҲٻ˹ȥڶûв˥ļ˵ûʲôΣա
ȻϢ֮󣬻ûȥɰ̣ͱɰҹˣŮ־˺ȮڣҲһˡ
Ȼ
ֲõӰһҲ൱˱
ô죿
ͷ£Ҫ±ˡ
ʵûʲôð취µķλȻ֪ˣȻҪѴľȥѰҪʱ̾˲õԼתǿߵ͵Ϯ
νͷ£ʵֻķѣиõѡ񣬴ҲὫѰҰ޵ϣ翵档
˿ƺս쳣ľǲٳһǱ˺ǧҪ̳뻹ǵȻ˵
ɣر飬Ȼ״̬õԱȳϢò˶ԼʱҪף
˵ŵˮľͻȻһ㶣漴ع
ô鷳ˣѾҵˡ
ҵˣ
ɰһϲ
ѵǱ߷ټ
ɣ
ܹĽϣνĸ֪Сϵģ֪ϸˮľҲûˡ
̫ˣҰ޻ô
Ӧûţ
ˮľڰ֡
ڣϽüǲǸжˣа£ôǺ£

һΣҵĶܿ죬Ȼ𣬵鲻á
Ұ޵ڵأʵҲǺԶﲻǺѣ鷳βܹеĵ˵ļӣͻȻͳҰ޲ѵá
ڣȴ󲿶ӵĿĵصʱҰ޵ĲӦһֱûʧȻѾ൱΢ˣֻҪţͻϣ
׽ԲصϷҪˡ
ˮľϵĳ֮ķ绹൱ģķ糾Ҳ˵˴ҵĲס
ǾͿʼɣ
͵Ȳ˵ǧţɲҰ޾ô
ҵʱ䣬Ӱ̴ûô˵ġ
һǲң˲°ߣ֪Ȼ֤Լͬɰ֮Ы͵ϮֵģҲɰΪ̽Ц
ǰǸѨ棬ȽȥǸϣ
ܹٶɱߣˮľǿûбʺͻˡ
󵭺ɫβ޲һŰ͸βµˮľ۶ԸϵٶȣʧǰĶڡ
Ҳùȥˡ


808 ɱ
ĵܵܵİο־ϺͿɾҪȥȴľֹ
ô˵Ҫһ
ҡҡͷ
һǽ飬Ҫˮľһ顭

ɰǲԵʵȿشһ޴ıըֻԭһСĵطͻȻҵܱĹշ䣬ƾճһֱʵĹһ㡣
ǡҲ̫˰ɣ
ôһжƽڵ˵ս̫Σˡ
ȫƻˮľ壬ʵȫһ
ڿԿʼˡ
ԭһС긲ǵҶȴʮ׵Ĵӡ
Уһֻɫ;飬Ųصײһֻ͸Ӵĳªϡ
΢ţһ˫󸿵Ĵ֣ͷ­ֲžֻ۾дԼһѾˡ
ǡ֯ץβ޺Եɰɣ
һμħǼʶǧţҲû˵Ķ
Ȼˮľβײϣֻǻζһ壬΢һƣȻסţӿ³ʩչŷ⾡Ĳûжϡ
ǰѶԸˡ
Ȼ̴βܽʱˮľһ˾ͿԺݵħôβ޲֮󣬱ǰҪֶˣ˲٣Ƥļһˮľβȫһûصơ
ұǰǿˣǿøࡣ
ͲҪʲôУռβ޲Ḷ́ǻָԭг֮Уںϡ
Ϊʲôˮľβظ֯ң
ˮľʵ벻ʮβָ˾󲿷֮󣬻ʲô취ܹԸˡ
Ҫ˵ǲߣǲܽ̽
Ȼ²ҳ󣬻ǵǲɣ̫ˣ
Ǻھһʱѡ֣ǲ߻˿ȴսĴͲľҹ治֪ʲôӡ
ˮľͻȻԥشһ㲻ȡõ֮Щ˸ǲŤͷҩʦ˵
ûȥˣƺͽˡ
֪ˣ׼ˣ
ԤϵҩʦĻûлңһ߳ɰ̺ľҶ֮ʧ
֯˵ӰҲûж׷뿪
ŷ⾡ʧȥ֧ţħ³ĲҲҡҡλνҪϨʱѸݵ֮ʸ˹ֱӽϡ
ʧ˿ƵҰޣ־·׹䡣
ѾҪҰޣûзӦˮľһֻֽҰ޽ס鿴״̬ʱһֻ޴ɰ｣µϳ˹ֱпһӣһѸݵӰâ̴ˮľĲƣûҰ޵ࡣ
ͻıˮľĿɿڴգ۵Ĺһһ˾ҩˡ
ƻĲֱɢҰҲصصڵϣһŹֵƵ֮ʹ˲ˡ
Ұޣ
ȳǰ־Ͼ޴Ȼ裬е֮һѽҰޱڻȻˣñսನС
ʣµβ޲ҪˣҲҪɱ̴Ӱ͵˵սǲֶΣ
ȻûֿܣֻûϵȻôжǰĻβܽˡ
һҪʧˣȻ׼ȻҰ޵·Ҳûˡ
ȶԶ룬ˮľžβ޲ȼյĻľ˷ïĻ˹ȥ
ҩʦĿǰǿĻ壬Ҫʵ̫ΣˣҩʦƻתǿĻֱսո
ֻϧһ塪ɰĽɰγһĳǽסˮľĹ
ûأ
ˮľž޴βٴط꣬ͷӲĽ˲ɰǽȻһ̤
ţ
÷жݽӵ£βǰ֫Ȼ£·һз׻飬ɰĻ塣
ɰȻǱսˮľĵһĿꡪľ˷ïĻȴѾӰ
ʤްɣ
ɵһҲ㲻Ǻջ
ڴʱһɾ޴ΣϮͷ
ã뿪
ΣյģѾʼȴѾǱըĵˮľ
ħʧʱʧȻըȻ֣Ƭ֮ڵĢơ
ҩʦһﵽڵ˶
ȻŵĵϴԱˡ


809 ƴ
ҵıըɵĳѸ˷
һж״ݻٵľ޴ʹͨķ϶ûа취ֵġ
ˮľȫβ޻״̬ȻˣŴβ޵ıҲ䲻á
ڱըģȫ˳ˮľβ޻գ֮άֲס޴ˡ
Ѹ黯ĴһﻯɫĲȻǿĳ׻Ȼɢ
ֻǳǳһɫǰģʽŨʱ仯Ĳ֮γɵܱ㡣
޴βĻֱӱ¶ڳ֮µˮľ¶ϵըó˸߿գŵڵһһ
ը߻صˮľôǵάķ
ȫβ޻Ļ壬Լըйûбը
ģʽ֮£ǿĻҲ˺ܴá
˺ɫĢƣ䵽߿յˮľ˼ȦסΣ԰͸ȶƯڰУ·òɢ̳
޼ɵشһ
ˮľƾ鱨Լ֮Ըˣû뵽ԼҲһ˵ı
Щô֪ûУΨһûս
ڴʱһĪϢˮľʵͨϷ˯ľӴ˹
ڷӡСغ׵ˮľʵͬʱҲΨһһ˵ϸ¡ĸ壬ͻȻ䡣
ԭʮƽȵСغףȼ˺ܴߡ
ıʣˮľΪעķ棬òӴάַӡȡ
Ҳ˵һβغѾô
ˮľɵ̾һԣһβҰѾˣڻûȫɵһβغ׵ĲȨòתƵڵСغϡ
Ǻܺ⣬һβغܹȻһˮأȻβ޾һˮܣˮľСغףˮϿһ͵ˮˮͷ
ԭ໥棬ֻˮ
һβغ׵ǸڱסˣʣĲֻôˮľָСغˡ
ûбʮβյĲȨѾƽһβغױħų֮ǰ̽ǲٳһֻһβغˡ
Ҳ֤ΪһβҰ޳ڵһβغ׵Ĳɢˡ
գⲻҪһô
ˮľЩźȻǧŵļתԾȻʲôԭˮľҲ㲻ףҪһ˲ӣҰ޻ҲһС鷳
·̳ɢȥˮľЩƣ䵽ըĴ棬ĵĵѾֳ״̬ˣطҲǽһƬ
˻ûгɢȥ̳ˮľǰˮľ顢ûüߵɰĻ壬Ѿʼչ¶ΣҪ˶ãӦþָܻսˮľӦþܲˡ
ֶķӡ֫ûг׳ãжɰҪӡߵʱԭڻָͻȻһɢĳ
ǰɡ
״ΨһĿܾǻ˻תع˾
ҪһǱתͨеԸɣûκִ
ǣڵҩʦûиɰĻȨ˼άûУȻдԸ֮
ԣҩʦɰĻתû峹ױˮľС
Ǹ鷳ļһ𣡡
ˮľЦΣҰûоȻ˵ʲôôû̵װһˡ
Ҳһˢһݣһʧˡ
תȷʵʩǣһʹߣ಻ô
ԭͨеơ
ͨصͨԼ֮޷ָ
ͺñȻ˫һޡһ޶ǿԵģ߿ͬʱͺöͨǩԼͨҲ븴߽ͨԼ
һߵԼʧЧһǲָܻġ
ͨԼǻѪҺŦϵϵһѣ˫ɲصӰ졣
֮ûиѡģƾԲ
ñһתĳߴ磬ϵĳݱ֮󣬾û취һˡ
ʹʬ⾡ǿж߻ֻ꣬ʹ÷ӡֶǿиѣƻ˻תͨ飬֮󻹿ظʹûת֮ƵĻԼӡ
ҩʦɰĻתǲһģõطĴĿӰĻ壬ԸʧҲˮľõôˮľЩᡣ


810 
ĿǰΨһǺϢģڵСغʵҲֻοĽѣˮľûָսСغЩʵϵı仯Ҳı䲻˴֡
ӲҪ˵һǵһǵĻεĴҲǸˮľ˸ѣ˲ʲô˼ľԴûϵӽһ鱨֮ԼҲĲ
Ȼ̫˳ûʲôֲʧ

رĵ£ɫѿ촽ȴ˵־¶֮ɫͬǧҲ¶һ˿ƣ
ǳһ
˾󲿷β޲ҰޣԭԶˣʱ䣬ŷ⾡ܹţֻħӡʱӵЧ
ŷ⾡֮Ұ޶ҲȲ
ᴩһֻȷɱҰ޵ı֮١
ڵβء빲ʧȥβ޵ĲҲζʧǸεĹ򣬲ͨҽܹȵûġ
βܽˮľҪǾԮһ㣬ҲܻʹڣŮȻ˼޷ָ״̬β޲Ҳǰ
ǸʱΪ˾ȻỤ̊ˮľ͸ֲ֪˶پҰڵ״̬ܹ漣˵Ļˮľһ㶼֡
һԵôҰӣǲ¶ƣ֮ɫҲЩѹ
ҵıը֮ǰˮľѣΣո֪Сӣæʹ޻ת֮ѸٸıΧĵΣе˼³
ΣյıըչҪܣûʱռӲˡ
ΪЧĶֶΣȻڸӽԼ
ΪʲôִսУϲǵսرڵصеķն£
ըڲⲿɵƻȫͬĸ÷ǳԶ
ǼʱЧĴʩȻԵЩ
֮£ǲֻõһȫչܺ˶бȻСӣת֮һıǽµΣӦ˹ȥ
ֻϧҰ޾ûôˡ
ɰ廹;ⶣŸָѣû뵽Ҫۼ֤һηӰ
͵ǧţɰЩеĴ£䲻Ӧ֮⣬ֻϵƣ֮ɫȻûڲصס
Ѿûϣô
ܽܵɾΪֽĿɺ־ˣ۰Ͱ͵ɲΪ˼֤Լ׵ܵʱ̡
һʲô壿
ǧҡҡͷǰֹȻʩչҽ
Слˣ潻ɣ
վЩźʦӸ֮һεΣʧܶգʹΪóҽȻûͬ
ʣϸּڵҽҽõơ
ǣҲ˵ĳ̶ȣֵģȨҰŵҲΪֻмΪݣľ
Ǹûܰæ
òԭԤ֮ڡ
ǧŵΪƵ˵
ľҶܹﵽزѾˣɰķӰԼȣܲǸ鷳
ǡ
Щɵʵ
ӰòѾûˣа취ô
ƺʶɵЩʧæڰ֡
ûб˼ǾЩ˼飬ʲôģ

ǧѵһЦ
ûϵҲĿӰȷʵ̽ǿҽߣΪĵӣʶҲǲ⣬ɰҲʲôΪ̴֮һҪһģ
ǧŵĻѾĿɺ־Ͻܶʱϲ
ܹȻҰޣǰ
˭֪Ҫԣ
תΪҽļ£ܹѾѵõˡ
ˮľֻ۵ֻ֮
ļֵʩĿ겻࣬ǧſĳԣΪ˸Լӳɰ֮ЫĿܡ롰ĸôСʧȥ˫׵¼ͥů
ܹܹ治ǻ˺üʮߣɷ޻ת֮ҲֻȻʱ޻ѡ
ֻֻۺ͸ߵȼ׳٣ǧŽͨҽܹʵ֣ʵ˾̾ȻЩھ޴ˣĽ˵ܹʹòŲ


811 漣
תҪĵĲȷʵ̫ˣҲðľ޴ճȡ
̺ϢϢأӵǧţͲʱǸƢ𱩡սҲŷɥŮˡ
һ˳;֮ͣرϮֵƣ긻ǿǲ˶оЩԲˣο͵ǧš
ȥô
֪΢ɫߣӵд۵ǲľӵа۵Ů־˺ȮڣоǧʹõĲ
ҽ
СӣɻŤͷҽ棬ѻǱԼʤһġ
е񣬵ǡ
Լĸ֪۲˺һŴ
˵ҽĶСƵӿʵ̫Σˡ
һ֣ʧ̫࣬϶͸֧
ǧŵͣȥĻֲܼܿ˶ˡ
΢˽һĻľҶ߶տڲԡ
Ұûоȹǧŵʵֵ̫ˡ
ɰļ£Ҳ֡
ڻ㲻״Ŀɺ־ϣŵ˼ȫĿǰûκζҰˣûǧϵ쳣
ڴҶĬؿǧʩʱˮľһط
»谵ߣʵЩƣˮľʾʱѾûΣˣСӣƶ档
ʱյϦով˼սǽ֮ء
ȻѾˣҰδһʱҲЩơ
ˮľǰһѾˣĿԸô
⣬Ѿɻһʱˡ
ȷҰ޾Ѿˣڻһβغ׵ĲѾɢһԵףǾԲƭ˵ġ
ˮľЦЦûش
һܸӵû˭ܹ˵ʲôڻһı׼Ҳδе
ӵвֳĶʵ̫׽̽һЩβƵĹƹˣһöдΪʩչа᪡
жһǲǻţΪ׼ܶʱܵشˣһڼʱΣȻʱѾûֻҪʱȣһ
ǣ
ѧϰ˺ܾõҽҲԼĿͼ֡
ҰӦѾ˼Ľޣû
һĵĿɶĻʮֲ̲ס
ʲô˼Ұ޾͸
Ҳ˼
ͻȻ廰Ŀһæ硣
Ҫ˵ҿɱ־ֹϻǧҰޡ
ʧˣ
ܵܵǸ־ϣЩƵҲûٺú÷
ûʲôֻе֣£ȻһЩᵽʵֵģȴһûУ
ǻתʵҲĸֻһȺᶯӵ޵˼Ŀܶѡ
ˣ
ˮľһ߶ǧʩչתһĵ˵
ɰλҲòʦڸִ˵жҰˣǲġ
ʲôɰȻ
ƺоˮľСƣЩ硣
⻰Ҳû˵
ˮľƽ͵˵
ľҶûа취Ұκã˵̽綼ûҽܹ飡
ˮľƳһЩɻˣǰߵǧߡ
ʲôһ£׼ô
㷢ˣ
ǧǺƽЦ
ԭŵҰѹźˣ
ʶЩԵľʵ
ˮľ֪ʲô⣿
ǰɣ
ˮľƣǧŵļһʹã˥壬û˰æܲľȲҰޡ
лˡ
˲Ĳ䣬һǧҲ֪Ӧòˡ
֮ͣ
ˮľڰͷ˽͵
ʲôΪӦ漣ΰı仯Ǵ޵е壬Ҫжѣ
ˮľʼ硣
񶼲׳Ե׳٣οһ鷲ˡʹҽҪĲʹġҰ޾ȻΪӦøʲôۣ
ˮľĽͣʱΧ˶ʱȻʡ
˵ۿܻܴ󣿡
ˮľźصͷ
Ұ޻ţҲҵͨİ취ֻʩ߿Ҫˣ


812 ּۻ
˵ŵˮľƳһߵСŮʣñͨҧղƣʵϾһ͸֧תƵḶ́ҪȻĻĸҲֻǱҧܶΣ̫ˡ
ͲôֹˡҪҰ޻ǧϣ׶༪٣Ψһѡ񡣡
һһһһ٣ϵĲ𣬵ʩһ϶Ҫġ
ɣ
ԭЩĲɵĿɶʱ󾪡
ǧϣģ
۾гһǧ˯һ㣬ãŴƵգ
ɣͲԸĵܵܡĿĿӰ
ҰûµȻãҪûгڵĻɰô죿
ĬĬ֧ɰǧţȻкܶ˶ŭԵͬҲкܶࡣ
һ֯棬ʧˣԵȨ߳ԹǧҪˣȴ˸˲
һͥУ֧ҵĸĸȻԵҲĸϾҪˣʣµĺǲлȸԾ֮еģֻʣ¶δãȻ޴ѡ
ǺǺǡ
ǧ̲סЦ
ѾʮˣĿӰһСսˣ̽ñҳߣĿǰҲʹҰľǸϲ˰ɡ
ǡ
ȻҲǴıʵڳĴ롣
ľҶӦа취ȥĿӰ˰ɣ
ʵںźɣ飬ľҶ岻֣ľֻԼ
˭˭ֻɰ̲ѡˮľûиıûܾҰޣǧŵͲɱˡ
֮䣬дֲͼƽɵģк³
ˣûܹסжġ
ˮľ̡
ԼṩæˮľǧͻȻ˵
㻹ǲѧһоľҶߣǴ裬ľҶ廹Ľпиµˣɰûˡ
ǫˣҰ޾ǲ졣
԰԰һ̫ˣ˵Ҫͬܿ͵˷Ӱ
лʾڸе˼æ磡
˰ɣÿҰᵽ㣬鶼൱
ΪѰ
ѣô
ǧƺʲôЦ飬еԳ
ľҶߺɰѡ
ʲôԣ
ǣ֮ʮΪѣʵìصʵ鲢Ǻ˽⣬Ҳɰ̵־ϺͿɻ֪һĻľҶ߰͵ڰ˰̾ȫûˡ
ɰΨһӡ󣬾ǰɰܵľҶ̴Ĺƻ󣬽ľҶսͶѣԭǲ̵Щ͸ˡ
ˮḷ̌ľҶߣžˣ
ǧͻȻˡ
ԭľ˷ïʹ޵ˣڱˣǲй̣ܽɱ֮ʬ޴棬ʮģ
սղס֣
ǧҲֻڱԹѡ
ҲûǸʱЫʹüתĻҰ޾;Ȳˡ
ûз飬˭˵
¾ˣҲûмƽϵֻŸҲĻᣬ̽ڲǶԽתܸȤ
ǧز𴩣ˮľҲЩ˼
Ǹϰˣ鲻Խ
Ū˰ɣ
ˣ
ǾͺãȻ˺ôǲǸø㱨ꣿ
ðɣˮľСƵ̫ŵˣ֪ôѲĻˮľǧˣٽתѧҲùĿ֮±ҵ²̨
Ҫʲô
ҲǺ鷳ֻϣˮľܹ̽Эɰ彫һβغ׶Ȼ̴ڽĴսսˣ͵û£

ˮľͷһ֮
ǻһɣ
ô̫ʱ֮ǰԸҲУ˵ӦòǺѰɣ
ֵɰٴѰһβغ׵ĻСҲֻܼϣҰˣˮľİϣҪܶࡣ
ˮľҡҡͷ
ԭǰҲ򣬼ȻԸԼȫ̽δӦԾĴ㣬飬ǽһɺˣ˵ҺҰ޲࣬ĺ󱲣ʵұĿӰҪʮüꡣ
֮̽βôţҪƶߺ;Ŵβ޺ͽĵ˾Уˮľ̫̫鷳顣
ҪЩͻˣ˵Ҳе
ǧҲǲˣ֮˵
ҪʹգԸһҪ󡭡


813 
δȡֳɵĺôô̸ġ
ˮľ˵ܹŵһѾǶԵǧˣҪһ㣬ӦҲ޷
Ĵ̽ս֮βֵּ飬᲻֮òˮľָֻš
ǧŵĵʵֻ죬ˮľܲûз˵ֻҰ޺ɰǧţֻٻһ׵ġ
˵ˣ
ˮľǧƺҪ˵
˽µΪľҶ岢ûʲôϵҲûǸȨֻ̫࣬Ҹ˵Ϊ룡
ˮľ˻ӰҲôӵ˵ĺô˽Ҫġ
õģ϶Ϊѡ
ǧŲһЦȻ˵
ҪһȹطˮľӦò᲻סӦ˵ľҶ޹أΪɣ
òеԿ
ˮľЩԥκһܹԾǿľֻҪеľϣܹ֧һߴ塢ﶼܺôĴұһתƺе㻮
ðһ䣬ҪҪʲô
ɰ̫ʵʽȷʵԻûľҶ㹻Դݲ
Ψһ漰ⷽģǿˣͨĳЩֶΣҲܹʵƵľ񹥻
ǰ̿ԣͳֹһоسɰ̽ãҲֻΪľǿͨԵʹãʵЧǿġ
ľҶ壬Ҷ֪Ŷݼ׺ڿ֮ǰȻΣգʵ൱һ顣
ʵϣܹѧģؿ֮⣬Ҳľܹž߸û츳
һʮųһܹܵסаŶݼ׵ĲпСԸⷽ淢չߣʵ̫١
ˮľеǣûа취ɽˡ
ǧ֮˵
ɰȻڵķӡ˲ŵ㣬ǰġ
û㹻ʵôľҶĳĿӰǧǲȷ֮̽ǰһͷӡһβغף
֮ķӡ˲̫ƫˣҲ֪ģ
ˮľͷ
֮һƶĹȣССҲв٣Щڽ̡׻ܹ֯඼һ֮սУľΪΪصɮˣڷӡϷвĴС
ϧЩһôطӡȤرóӡɰ˵رˡ
ɰһβֻǾΣǰһָһλ¸صĸɮʮʱڶڷӡҡԴﵽӡһβغ׵Ŀġָĵõɮʵ̫ѵˣԲһβҰ޵ĳ֣ȻɰһУҲĬ˵ģǲɺı硭
ЩƣǧһȻ˵
ɰڷӡһβغ׵ķӡʽýӡӡ˵ǿ󣬵رǿһβغֲзӡԡرԱѹƵβ˵ʺϲˡ
˵ĴĿӰˮӡϳɵİԷӡǾ͵ͭǽڵĻýӡǺص
һβغֻҪܹ˲ȫýӡͺѳȥͿԴ󻺽һβغƷΣա
Ҳһ⣬ǾǶһβľѹʵ̫ˡ
ԴӳΪһβ֮Ұ޼˯ңһβغй¶Լɱˡ
ԣҾҪһܹһİ취
ɰ϶ǲһβغ׵ģֻҪȱݻڣһ硣
˲ȻңҲûУͬʱǿģ̫ѵˡ
ҴҪˡ
ˮľͷǲӣҪһתõˮľоôĳɹʵЩ̰ģһ֮ˮľͳᣬóһɫĹŹֶݸһԵĿɡ
úãˡ
ʲô
ɽӹȥؿס
һӳʮؽֻûзУڽĵطеӦвɱ
ڵϣﶼУȻʹ߽ע棬γһԲʮƽ׵Ľ磬ڲ˵ľ˺ͬʱŸƽ񲨶ǿá
ЧһǿˮľҰӣеľֻ࣬ЧҪøȫһ㣬ͬʱá


814 ֪ܽ
ˮľ򵥴ֱĽʱɰЩЦá
ˣ
ǰҪģҪǲҪҺˡ
ˮľһν̬ȣʱÿ߬ġʮּܡ
ʲôģֻˮľĶȤζģҲ޷ԵøӸ߶һ㡣
ʵˮľܾǰӷɶսƷѪ
еһС֣Сףˮľϡ
һֱľߣһѳǲıϡ
ʣµѪһƬУͱ˿ϵ
ԭˮľǴ͵֮Ϊͽʹʥˮľģ£ֶ֮һֻûó֣͸ɰΪ׵ĳ롣
ֱĽףȷʵЩˮľļǡ
ҪˮľԲɰ̺ɫ
һҪ˵̫һҪҲõܾ
ôľҶ߿Լѧ͵ӣ̫֣ܲҪˮľĺôҲô׵ġ
ɰ̡־ϺͿЩ⣬ǧŵԵúƽ
ҵҪˮľˣ㲻ĵҶǶģ̾ȻãҿΪ߼һһô죿
̽Ľףûʲôۺ˵ûˣ߲ãɲ˺ĵάޡѵʹʲôġ
ҾӦþȼ۵Ľ׷ʽˡ
ˮľƽ͵˵
ȻѧˣӦò⴫Ͼĵ⣬ʵǲý
ǧѾܴˣ˴еڣҪһ£ǻô
൱Σա
ǿĻߣǿʹüתԼҪ˸̽򽫻᳹״ƣĽޣôòη塣
һԴʹãʳսʵȵȣĻ̽ĵˮƽἱ绬䵽Ԩ
صǣ˸һЩԽܵΪǸô죿
ͺñˮľͨޡٶһ㣬γһȺ̽ʲôӣ
ˮסˮȻڵȻЩô̽ɡԪؽ硱ô
Ϊʲô֮һֱûбʹãǱΪֻǰһ˻ãҲǲףӦʧ̽磬ҪΪ˵ã
ף
ǧεصͷ
Ҿˡ
ͺá
ˮľҲףϳɾļһƭ
Ҳ֪Ҹɰ̵ĶȻܹղҪġ̾ߣǾзһɿһλͨӡ̡ǰҲսʹʧô̾Ҳδزɿҡ
ˮľ˶٣ԥһᣬȻŽ˵
㲻棬ҵȻɰ̾̽ôҸ˸̾ߣȫϸоķӡ󡣾ûҵĶѵԼоһз˵䲻Ļ
ˮľƳһһԶˮľɰ߷߲ƽĿɺ־ϡ
ɰûͽ̾ߣ߽ûˣоķӡҲҲķĻɰ廹ǾʹûȽϺãû㹻ʵ͵̴̣ͷֻһѡ
̴֪Ϊ˱β˶֪ˡ
һ죬ȻԶԡ
ɰˣǧ֪ģҪԼһΪıɰ̴Ʋӡ
Ҳգ̫㣬ȻҲֻһѧἺתȻʧһʹõġԼδЩԣҲǲĽˣ˵ɰ̻ռ˵ˡ
ǶԵȽװɣ
ˮľǧŵͨΪ͡
־ϣɣղˮľ̵ĻҲ˰ɣᣬҪղŵ飬ԭԭ˵ҰǣΪ֮ɡ
ɰ̽ʣļ˲ţ඼ˣڸģԼϻǿˡ
ɰ̽ͨصͷǶǧŵضݣҲǶԼܵ
ǿɣ緢С꣬ǱɰĻú޻֮ھԮ׵ܵܵжУΪĴνء
ﱻŵġʮּܡȻǸһβõúã˵ɰ˿ʹŶݵһУӡ뾫ĸ̴壬صоĿ⡣


815 ǰ֮
ǧŵĽ״֮ˮľҲټƽһЩϸ֦ĩڵС¡
˽ָǧע֮󣬾˵һ㾲Լ顣
˽һСʱƽЩڵʱԭ޷ӦҰһ˿֮ӦģǧŵԽԽֲˡ
Ұޡ
ɺ־ϴžϲ񣬿ƤʼĿӰ
ֹһᣬԭѾ˵Ұ۾
ոûʶԼϷʲôҰޣãȻؿΧˡ
ǣ
ѹͺá
תʩչɹûйǧŵǰҰ޷
ûиоﲻ
Ұҡҡͷ
﷢ʲôУҲǺȴӰҩʦսôҵþˣ
ɣҰޣЩǴҪģȻ˵ڡ
ЩȻؿǧš
ʲôǺǧ˵ɡ
Ұʱע⵽ɰ¸صĶƺЩԾ
ˣ
ֻ˾ͺˣҰޡ
ǧŷؿһ¡
ɰҪиˣ뷨ȥ־ϡɡģʲô鷳ȥҺϲأһӵģӦûܹܾá
˼תԭˡѾһΣ
ǰתͱǧŴˣʵ̫ġ
ÿ̴嶼ľҶӡ֮һĶʷƾõɰҲ⣬֮󣬾ֻǧһʹãڷӡ棬ûзֻһЩЧܵĺ
Щûа취ѧһʼǧžֻ㽫ΪԼĶӺͶϱܡ롰ĸԲԼӡɰ֮ЫؼôΣյĽ˼ʮǧŵȻףʹʧȽϺã˭ֻܹͨƬּתǾͲǧŵˡ
µģûмתҲѧⲻѷɫ뼺תΣս
ΪˣΪĿӰҰޣȻ֪ǧģ˲״ټ״̬ǧ״ԾҪˡ
ҪѹҰޣ͹ȥˣֻһֱִôŶԴӵָֻţĿӰĸסĴĿӰɰʵҲܲЩҶֻ֪ЩĲ£ŲòôӰҵ־£ڣӵδҪˡ뿴δɰ嵽ʲôӵİϧûлˡ
һ߷شϢ۾ǧţ˵ûˣ󼸾仰û³૵Ҫɰ̰ñȽϽҪˡ
ܿأʧȥеĲǧźͣЪȻҲû˶
ԶľҶ߾ؿɰĽһж䶨ʱ²ԼͬľҶҲܸܵõֱ
߾󲿷ֶսˣȻɱˣӦбɱľ
󣬻ź
ľ˻ס۵дۣսǰˡ
һģܹ޵ʵǷëǣǱΪ̽ǿĻӰǰĴȫڷߵ״Ϳ֪ˡ
ˮľͿģǵһΪǧŵˡҲΪҰ޵еҵЩȣ
ȴӰҲսģʵš
ӰһΣյְҵһԻӰ֮λβ׷ˣ˸ʶ
ԣΪӰʲôΣգҪ׵ľ죬˿Ӱ˵ʲôҲҪŴնǰУʸܵȫİ
ľ˵ļ
ǰһֳӣĿӰҰޣȾͱΪĿ꣬ڵβ޲ûб׳룬ҲҪɱ̴սսɲϷһĽⳡҪĴҡ
ȻûʽսԱϲò˭޷赲սıˡ
𣿵С
һֱû̫໰Ҳûжٱֻᣬֻóܺħ񼸷֮ʸǲſڿӰ֮λߵˣϰԵؿڷ̡
˭ˣҲŲһᵱϻӰģˣһҪôӱøáԣҲһҸ
õô棡
ǲмƲƲ졣


816 ִ
оȥҪܵƣҰӣ̲סǰȰ
ഺʲô˵
ľ̾һ˵ʲôȫ̽ƽҸ飬ʵǳ˾̽սѪȵĿ
£Ҫܹʵ־ͺˣ
˭֪Ҳһ죡
ˮľνʼ硣
ûҲ룡
ҲŲ棡
Ҳǣ룬ʵ˵ǲˣ
Ҳ˽Ҳı䣬ܾʡ
Ҳã
ĶֻϹӺɵӲſϣƷҪΪɳĥˣкƽһ죬ıģһǶŲɣеٮٮߡ
ۺܸ߰
һ㣬ʵûʲôֵÿ佱ġʵˣһΪ˲Ӣۣʧ˵Ļ϶ǱеɵӺͷӣ
ӣȷʵˣ
ԣش󰡣֯ǰ쳤ţǷ̫ˣ
ΣҲҪи޶ȣ˲ˣ
Ȼа飬ΪԼǶԵģ˲¡
ˮľνЦЦ
Ҳֻĵʱôһ˵ѣ
ԭУڸβѧϰβ޲ʱʵ֮ĻҪĴĿӰˮŵĺ֣治һܹȻ
ֵˣûӰСżŰӣܹάֻϵԸѾܲˡ

֮ʿѲ߶ӱӰĻ᳡ΪĿӰҰȱϯòʱƳһʱ䡣
ͬΪ̴֮һɰ壬ܹʱӰҪ򱾲ϲҲòʱӹڶ֮ȻһϷѡɲ
ľҶѿݣҲܹƫУЩͷĴĿӰĿӰҰľͲô˵ˡ
ǺЦӰᣬȻȱһԺֱӸΪӰˡɰӣҲʸǲУ
ɰʮĴҰľͲͷˡ
ԹĻӰҲЩ꣬ƢõΪʧûж٣λʱȻ
̴Ҳ˴ݺ֮ǣԲӦٹһ
ףӦ̴齨Ҳ޷
ڵӰӰǰôˡ
ӰǿӣˣҪӰҾ͵Ȳȥˡ
̽вȫߵĶӦôһͬȥԣҪǱƾͲˡ
ҲҪɰμӰɣ
һԵĴҰľ̲סЦ˵
˵Ӱˣ˵ĿӰֻһʮСޣɿ;͵ɰ죬Ĵӣʧ
ʧĴӣŵļʮ꣬ûбӰ˻ǿ
ΪĿӰֵĻ顪¹ͻȻΪɰ⡣
ף
ҰľǺһ͡
ľҶСҲʢ
һԵľ¹ڣʾҪٻϽˡ
֮ӰӰῪˡʲôģͲҪˡ̴壬ûʲô齨ıҪ˷ʱ䡭
ھЩƲס֮ҲЩεʱͻȻһʿ߽᳡ĵ˵˼䣬ԭЩüչʿɫ
˻֣ȥ֮ɫ˵
ɰĿӰĻѾˡ
ô죿ǰڼǧ֮֮δˣ
˿ֵķλο˵
ľҶˮľͻȻ֣ȻִӰصЩ죬˴ȨҲòܣӰٿˡ
ˮľ֮ɡľҶΪѷ޳ѣǾľ
ҰľûرԹţҪľҶ޵֧֣ɰƶĳ̶ȣͲĶ֡
ȫҰľӵĸӣ
ȻѾˣôͿʼɣ߲ҪʲôȽڵ׼մЭ飬Ҳһ̡֯
ЩԭһϵûУ̣֯ȫӵģһܲ˭֪ǺЩһûʲôĹ
ӰỹûпʼȷӰ˵
һӰָҲĵػش
ֻҪӰٿڡ֯ǿѹ֮£һֱԵӦ֮⣬ֽ̻۵ǶǴҪġ
˼ҰޣҶǼʶߣЭ൱Ϥ


817 
ʱռԽ̽紫ͣˮľ˵ҲʵС
飬żΪ֮УʹõĻʹˮľҲЩܲסһΪֲжĺЧӦҰб;ȻĻᣬҲǾľˡ
糾͵ɰܱ͵֮ݵϴȥǱ֮󣬾ҪȥμӰˡ
ľҶͬ飬ĿӰ令һʹ֮ˮľһ
վڻ᳡սݵǽ֮ϣˮľðŶëѩĵؿѲߵʿСӡ
֮ʵЩ֣ط¡ӣļˣطһƬѩأǸӿ֮Լθߵ֮֮ҪãȻЩ䣬Ҳȥ϶ĿẮ
ֻˮľԸովߵ뷨Щˡ
ˮḷּ̌ˡ
һźصȫ׵ʿ˹սѥ̤ڱüӲޱȵĳǽϣĽˮľĶ䡣
ѵǴʦ
ǣϴһʣǻԵټ
ϴδ顢ͬˮľһʹʿͳ졪ǡ
ժͷסȫݵս¶Ϥݣʮҵͣϴμʱֻ࣬ķ˪Զ˺ܶࡣ
̫ˡ
ЩľԴʿʵô򽻵ûжǱʲôڴ֮ģƽĽ̸ĻҲģٲ÷ʲôӡ
ЦЦ
֮ǰˮľ̵ˣеԾû뵽ʱ򣬲ˮľ̵ĻҲǲ⣬Ͼ̬
ʧˣ
Ӱʱ֮ʿǶȽϽţ̴Ӱ֮⣬ŵĻϸҪͱ֮ñȽʵˡ
ЩȻҲвʵףδܹϸ̴ӰĿˮӰڤŵĸࡪֳ˫ĳʮɣĿľӰҰľͬʱҲŮӵѪ޽硪۶ݵĺԼ̳ӰУҲӵѪ޽硪ᰶݵĴ³
ЩδȻҲѾˣϾҲֻԼӵӰĻѡ
μӰᣬûдǿߣþ¹
Ŀǲ඼ˡ
̴ͷ춼һһԲϴиʲộ˵ֻһ̽ս
ΪʲôľؿԳɰ˹Щ̶պˣˮľҲڿ֮У
ӰʵԱ̫ʧ⣬һд̴Ӱ¼Ҳôݵؽѹ
ʱ֮ǳ֮ܣκβڵǼ֮е߽ȰģԻᱻɱۡ
ǡʱˮľطһԲϾʹ˳֮ĺĵشҪ⼸˵ıʶȻĿӰҰӰĲߣ˵ʹˡ
ԭˮľǴ뿪ģˣԼͻȻ֣ȻзǳֵĽڣ˭֪ǲʲô֮ģ
Ҫһʧ˵˻ɣڱƤӵ´ţƤͷӷһ㡣
ԣݵˮľҲǲ⣬
ҪӰɣȥô

ЦŰڰ֡
⼸ҲˣصĶߣìʵ̫ˡ֮һٲ̽ﲢӦò˶˲ңǵҲôһ
ˮľͬصͷ
ܹ۷ڵɽعС֮ܵȷʵ˵ӰǿҪҲһоõġ
ֻҪŵסһʱᣬʿܽס
ֻˮľڴľҶʵв̶ȴߣ˲òעһ¡
ǴʦӰ᣿
䵱ӰĻѾǵˣǰζֻСɫѣǵһصΡ
ǻϾḻˡ
ճʮ꣬ҲһԴˣֻǿĺո¶ͷǣܾԼˣˮľҲˣһ꣬ѾĿӰˣ˲ʤꡣ
̽ٲЩٳţ֮£ʿĳɳûʲôݾߣѡȻ㷺ɲűҪһ㣬Ͼ߲

ѩʱӰȴִݱһװҰޣ˵ϣ쵼ȷʵףҲ޿ָժ
Ϊɵʱܹ赭дػ⣬ҲǺѵˣȻҲֲʱسԽΧ


818 
ӰᣬЩС¶ǴҪģϢǴҰľ֯͡йᣬڷսʱڣΪ˻սµ⣬ҲйӶЩ̵Ӽ
ĳţɾĴĿˮӰʸ־ȻǱ֯ƵĿܡ
Ĵ¹ʣ֪⣬ҲֻľҶ߲Щ²⡣
̽ΪӰȻһ֯ƣ̴֮һҲΪ˵
ʵв͵ĸ̴ҲòúÿֶԵˡ
ֻҪĽˣϸ̸ȻͱȽ˳ˣǰŵľҲµΪּۻ۵ԵʣԽԽˡ
õľ淢չӰķ֮ĿӰҲο

ããϣ֮ˮ֮ϸһֵĵεĺˮС
ϸĻ߻֣ᷢ첢Ǿֹǻ˳Ươ
ԣ첢ѰǼ򵥵ȻγɵĸһֻӴŵľ޹ꡢ䱳ϲ֪˶ĸţմȾγһŵĵ졣
ˮľ֪ôһֵڡ
ֻ޹ͣҲֻʪֵˣڿͷϺֻ޹ˡ
Ϊ֪ôһֻ޹꣬ˮľ̽㼶ڲϻ䣬ռҲԽԽСĲ²⡣
ʵǺţᵮһֻ
ôͣҪôĻιһͷ޹ꡣ
ȻִڣôȻֻһֻĴһһ㣬̽й⣬ܶάֲסľ޹Ⱥ档
ڣǴڵģֻ֪ôһֻôȻһĽ͡
ããУֻһͷľ޹꣬ǻܹɵµġ
ˮľͻ룬ͷ޹ǲںʳʵ̫鷳ˣɴԼԽһ̬ϵͳһЩԼϣ൱Դһȡ֮֮ߵķ롣
䱳ʲôɡȵʲôģȻѾȻˣһôڹȣǲֵһᡣ
ȻҲֻˮľĲ²⣬ҲˮľһЩ֤
޹ȺȻӴ󣬵ǻʵǲ㡣
Сܶ࣬Ҳ˲ٵﶼܹԽνͨʥءʱЩҲʹһҰޣϢ֮ˣҲ޹굺ִڵ֤ˡ
ڣһﵽǱѱͨޣǴЭγɹϵˮľͲ֪ˡ
ȻЩҲ̫ҪֻҪ¶ȫ̽ѣûʲô鷳Ҳ˭Ը˺
ôΡûжΣյĺõطĺˡ
ڱİβȺͶβľˣΪӰμӰʱ뿪ӣϿǸطʱ˿Ҳ̫ףֻʱתƵӰȫ֮
ããϣûʲôһʱ̱任λĵҵˡ
޾ԣǶͷɶһԾ鱨ľҶ֪ˣؿԼѧںƯ˺þ֮ͻȻһܹŵĵطʱ򣬲ϲ
ԭؿഺѪ˿ûһ˿Ѫɫ
δܹε̶ȣҲټ
ԴС¶δë֮ؿ˺ܶⷽѵΨһĳɹǷؿδСѵһʱ֮˶û˿εøˡ
ȱģֻû뵽׳վȻᱻδô׾ͻˡ
̱ɳ̲ϵһһСƤӰҲ̾һ
ʦǰҲδô
йþûЩǲˡ
ؿ˵˼仰̲סŻʳͬθµһɶʲôûˣֻһθ̲ס鴤ܡ
طͼϺûбע
ͳһ˶Ƥͼ̯ڵϣѰһ˵ľλá
Ҳؿۣ۲ŸһУֻƺЩ԰۵Ĺ۲Ҳֻǿһǡ
Χûʲô쳣ҲûвӦֻǣϵľ޴Ķ࣬࿴Σա
һȦȦʯ̣һֵĹⷢɢʹһֻһ̱ŵĴ⬣Щɭ棬һЩҲεע⡭
˴ڹӣȻȷΪǵϱȽϴҰµĺۼӦСһ㡣


819 
ھ޹굺ʵ棬ʵž޴Ŀռ䣬Σһ̬ѭ㹻ܳһʱˡ
޹굺ı㣬ֻչ˶ĿαװΪȫıӻ
Ϊ޹굺Ŀأ̡Ѿһκܳʱˡ
ԴԼĸ׺һΰβţʧرս֮󣬾ͶԹرǶһν̬ȵİβʮֲ
ҷطӰҲµʧȥ˵飬Ըѵı
Щ͵ᵽԼ̬ĿЦѾǰĸˣټȷʵһ൱׺ļһܹþ󲿷ִͬԲǿŵ˵ֵݣŷĴػ
ܹΪһƿβ޵õ֤
βȺͶβľȺطݱܵʱΪ޹굺صĻȻ֪£Ѿź衣
λЩƣΪβõսƫԳ䵱սģһֱǰβţβѡȻȶβҪغܶࡣ
֮£ȳΪǿص츳ԣԼָĿ顣
βľˣΪԼѡڻ׶ʱΪпɣûʵѡټҲôӡ
Ǹʱ򣬰βǲȣΪΪ㣬·¹ʵĿԺܴ󣬵ʱû˹ĴһҪĶβ顣
СС;ͳΪԵĿͷԲ˰۵ٶ٣ľԼ㹻ѧ֮£ڵʵ
ײɫֱ֯˦ԺβԸ߰¶һŮƣʵҲһΪͬ롢ƽĴԸ
ʮľˣչֳŮͣڴԼİβȣľȴʲôɫ
ȻָľУôβ޵ΪɫԵԼĵ۾УľʵʲôøУҲвսΣ޵ս֮飬ȹŹֵԽܵľٶ֮£Ҳĥһɶ
ڣҪбҪĻľʵǲôôľ޹굺ϣ˸̻֮⣬ֻˡ
̧ͷͷʱװûУֻǣӦʶЩļһҪάԸ侲ļŮľʵǷǳͷۣԭеɰʣѾļһﳹ׵Ūûˡ
˵ˣҪʲôһָˣҺദûòʲôĪѵˡ
ǰͱŵĽռ˲ٱˣʱᣬǰӵıԣټԼȷʵҪȳɹľ飬ŲòܣѲίȫˡ
䲻һʵ֮棬˲ͻԼĵĻҲܺ˳ؿβ޲ǣôĿޣѵһ㣬Ǻڵβ޺ͽһѾɹˣôĻĻֻۣʵƣѧ֮£Ѿֲòˡ
ڶβõİ£ľѾʵȫβ޻̤ż
ȻҪƤزʱͻȻоĶһᣬ̻ͳǰ
ʱԷɣѵʲô飿
ͷ
֣߳
ߡѵǡ֯Ѿҵˣ
ǵĻжϣӦöľҶߣһ˵ľҶؿ񣡡
ľҶĲҰޣôѵҪ鷳ӰӦٿʱƣƺЩԾ
ЩΣ
޹굺Ӧú⣬Ͳ֪һطڿѰҸӲܡ
ԣΨһĽ;ɵ
ûûε˵
Ҳֻ˺ѡףı飬ɣ
Ȼ׼ȷҲ˶٣
ԭǵĴ󴬣ڷ籩бˣʳ͵ˮҲʣ޼ܹǡϾ޹굺Ҳ֪˻ǲҡ
鷳ǣǵĶˣѪ޽硪۵쳣ֻʱ⡣
ֻǲһʳ͵ˮʾ뿪ĻҲãݵϱѱЩҰﴫЩ֮Ѿʼڵ̽ˡ


820 β
ܵĻǾԲԸⱩ¶޹굺һطġ
ʵô䲻⣬⼸λľҶããѰʲôصҺü궼ǰ׷ѹ򣬵ֻһ⣬Ҳҵ֮ıء
ô죿ڲǵж״̬ҵ޽ʱԼǴ¼Ƿͻʵڲʱ򣬵Ҳ㱩¶޹굺ܡ
߳ھ޹굺˵Ǿ޴ʧ
ھ޹굺ϣôľӪĸʩһĥԼҪߵҲǲҪľѵص㡣
¶֮󣬾޹굺ļֵҪۿۣҲûʲôǱȱ˸Ͳ֪ıӺõ֮ˡ
ϧһԽ쿪ʼͳΪˡ
ˣ޹굺Ŀ̡ĵطһֻϰ㣬ȴ˫˫źβĹͻȻھ޹굺Χ
ջû뵽ȻһĵС֪ﵽʲôֵЩ׷ǶͷɶεľҶǽԼһߣҲгϵջ񰡡
޼ĸޣѾľҶܳһʱˣããϣܹ̣ܹ޼̸ӦߣѾˡ
ӵаľҶ̡ΣҲֻǽżԼ֪Χ֮ڵĸޣߴ㣬ĶǧٹֲֵĴ󺣣ʵˡ
ֶڣһֵֻĴʵڲֵþȡ
˵ľҶС׷룬޾ǶĻȸ
ƺںʲôԶ뽻ڵȴŽһָʾ
ֻ۵ӵߣԽĲ˼Ϊ˾˵־ʱյϵʵԶ뽻Ĵ䣬Ҳʩչõ֮ת֮Ļ
ڣ֯ʽԱ඼Ѿ֪˸֮ķ֡
ˣľҶСӣǷʲôܹҵٺòˡս˶ԶԸĸ̶ֹ֣һһжʵеΪѡ
һĳĬ֮󣬸ٴοڡ
ǶͷɶΣðɣǵõúõĻҲ൱ãɹĿȻ̫Сˡ
ҩʦ죬㵽жٵơԣ˵жٳҩʦףˣһǲˣֻǣĽǿɾͲҡǶԼɶܹ˵ĳˡ
ԭˣǴֱʣǿһԡ
񣬡ܹ֯ԶͶķʽԲֹһ֣ڲ׽β޺ʱܹɵóľͲǺܶˡ
ȷľҶߵһηֵİص㣬з֮սͻϮ
֮ľҶˮľʹõʱռԣҲѾŪˣӡԼеʱռǵˮľȻܹ̽羡ݺ۳ңȴİĵط
һΣҪٸ֧ԮĻͲôˡ
෴ӵʱռ죬ʱɹ֧Ԯ
ֻۺд۱¶ʱռҲûܲصסʱ򣬾ҲǰСξѵĻʹˡ
ľǵĻôһΣӦòֶ˰ɡ
һ뵽֯ж۽ǳɹˣҲֻǿĿ꣬ûƾؼʱ򱻵ƻ
һҲˣһֱˣڤڤʲôڿһǡôػ֯ߡ
ùôãڣ֯Ҳʱתļˡ

ɫȻЩ԰׵ؿŸκήҲģ޷Ƿͷжˡ
ǻظ֮ǰʱֵĵϱȽϺá
ѾԾ˿ͷʦȻϣﾡʱ䳤һ㣬ûָһѾЩ֧Ųס塣
ʦľʲô֣
ؿһ·棬ܵľɫþ֮󣬲Ŵ
Ȼ̽ҲûƵĵطܸоЩطԾ
Ȼʱ򲻺ʹǡǡˣҰԵֱþˡ
ȷʵйŹ֣ͼѾ֮ˣҲֱʡԴܲǺ¡
ˣҲûҲûʲô£ֻǹһ£˳ĴѣӦûʲôϵ
ϣ˰ɣ
һ߶˰죬Ȼɵĵطܶ࣬ȴûҵʲôмֵķ֡


821 
ľҶһˣ˺ܾãҲûҵʲôرֵùעĵط
Ȼкܶ಻ȻγɡҲûжǻ۵ҰΪûҵɿ֤ݣʱҲֻܵһ˼˵
ߵһɽˮٲǰʱ׼ǰ̽ͻȻһסˡ
ǵȵȣòҪӽǸط
ͻĶȵμæˡ
ʲôˣ
ֻԭ޲Ӧһֻ޴Ĵɽס˲ԶأεúܺõĶѨ˳
˵Ķ˰Ρ
һμ˵Ĵɽ׵ƺıʣþήҵһ㡣
ɵˣǴɽ˵
ȻĻ䣬ֻӴЩĴһſͣȻһߴ˳
ߡôط
˴ĻŰӣĿߡ
ǲŶ԰ɣ֮أά̣ôûнӵľҶ߽ɣԴǵĵ̣ҪΪ
ˣǲǷǷֻ֣Ϊں·ˣʱЪϢ
뵽ʲôϢ˾͸øϽ뿪ѵ˵ʲôɸ˵ͼ
ûС
һֱδΪ棬ؿҲеⲻȥǿ˵
ֻǶںͼϱʾĵطЩ棬ǻΪǸ˵Ҫ֪˿أԲçײ
ȻǾ͸Ͻ뿪ﲻӭҵ߽롣

ؿεЦЦҪѧ뿪
ͻȻʵ
ǰٲƺе㲻ԾҺòһܴĿռ䡭
Ϊشεʣ
ҪΪа۾ͿԿһУⲻǸùϵ⣬ûشǵʡ
ٸղţξûз֣ڵµľ޴ɽ׵̡
ḻؿֹ˻ҪʵѧǸƽϢˡ
ʱĻͻȻڰ֣ŲƬ֮ʵ
ˣǵͬ飿
ǾеľҶߡ
һ߲ư
Ȼǲ⣬ͲÿˣԶȷѡ
ðһ䣬ˣ
޹ءԣҲйϵ
һҵ޹굺Ŀʵ̫СˣľҶܹҵѾң֮˵ִ޹굺֪ķλֻʣһֿܣǾǸǰЩľҶҵطġ
Щһǻ鷳
ǣΪ޹굺ĿߵĻҲôΪѡ
֮˵
ǸǵĲˣضҲʲôɫǱ׷١̲֯ŲСĽģĵˣпҲǵͬ飬ҾǿһǸɵ
ҪǸϽ뿪
ںذڰ֣Ҫʲô̡
е˵ȻɵǣòҪ顣
ˡ
̽ǿߴ֮жʮܸ꣬Էɫ
Ȼ̲ҪæľҶҲٱ˵ĵطǿгͷ
ġ֯ҵطԭΪ̽Щ鱨ľҶߣҲԲӲܡ
ؿͳŻ̯֮Ի˵
⼸ˣСģҲǣʲô鷳ʱ԰æ
Щһŵƨ֪ˣ̻֪ɲȻַĵط
ͶľҶֻ׼뿪Щĸ̳һͷǲףûġ
ͬʱԸ˳ˮ޹굺֮ԭؿԼѧ׷ĿĽǶͷɶΣҲ˳ṩ͸¶ɱϢĵ졣
ǣڵķɶΣںƮһ֮ҲǰţڽǶǰü˳۶ˡ
⵱Ȼϴڷ֮㱻Ƕɱ֮ڻɳ֮±һѰ׹ǡ
ɶλûжκ˾µ̶ֳȡ
ããϣǶɱȻʬΣڴ棬֪ʲôӣǲ֮Ҳк³
ҲһֻɺϺֻͣ˳ˮƮɢأ߳˭Ҳ󼰵У³ܱ˸Ұɡ
Σ£ɶҲòһԼƢǽǶ󺣣ԼаٹʹҲҪսˣǷɶβԸġ


822 
Ŵβ棬֯Ѿռֻβ޵ĲȻʮȫʮβѾ൱ʵĻħսѾǳŻŵʱʱʱ״̬ˡ
ûģβϬȮβáβţ;β
˵ҲܹҵһЩָʮβǳΪʮβҲûа취ѹ̽ķ
ұ֮ԭβڵءϿҲȥˣȥ¥գӦתƵ˸εڡ
˪֮εĵ£ǲ˵
ľĵطǾ׬ˣһɲҪʧ֡
ǲ
ΪǳǸγͱ˵ƣʧҲȻ顣
ǲе˵Ļģβ䣬βաһβغסǲԳ֡Լ쵼֮ץϷӡˡ
ȳŵ۽ȴջȣǲȷʵʸӳš
ȻǺ¡ʱ򣬸ոսһβӡػڿʲôӰּۻۣ϶벻ôáһܹβͰβץסӡħսҪˣֱϯ̽սҲʮþȡ
ѣһɹ
Դӳ󣬡֯һȫҲǾԼĿɰĹؼ
̽עӰʱһ춨ʤ֣ĺûͲˡ
óˣ
ǲ۵Ͳдɢռ䲨뵽ռ֮Լ漴Ҳʧԭء
֮޹굺Զĵطһռɢڵ׺۵ǲͻأͬʱҲվľһɫۡñҩʦ
˾ȣѵһʱռôֵǮ֡ԣֵ񻰼֣оƺһʱ֪ʱľδ֮˭
ҩʦЦţȤؿǰľ޹굺
˭νֻҪ赲ǰģȫҪ
һµҪ治νǲߣһ˭ơ
ϻ˵
İ׾˵ִ
Կ϶ĵط
˭ܹ϶
쵰ˣ𣿡
ǲɺдԼֻ۽ҩʦ
Ҫһ͡
԰꣡
ҩʦΪ˵
Ȼ޷ȷǲԺܴ󣬶ǰҵĻתزģ֪˲ܣ
ĿӰΧҹ߶ĳǿߣô죬Ȼ֪о޹굺طġ
ǲṩزĸҩʦȻ󱻻תͨȻ䵽ҩʦ
òǰ֮ӰɣȻȴӰ֪صĵصҲǲģǡڴʱ챻з֣ɺϵţ
֪죬֪ĵص㣬ʲô
ҩʦЦһ
ϸǰһɣǼ򵥵ĵ죬һֻŵӴ󺣹꣬Щֻ䱳صαװѡ
޴ĺꡢŵĵ죿
ԭƽǲҲ¶һ˿졣
ԭˣıˡ
ˣﻹԼ׳ɵеĵص㣬ܶ˽Ҳʺ֪Ķ
ǲͷ
ȷʵɺܴôͰ﷭׳ɡ
˵Ƿ׳죬ȻĽ޹굺תôĵطǲֻȫҲܽһ﷭棬ܹĵرǣ˲ʩչġ
Ҳǲ߸һԼֻ֮޹굺Ŀǰ̽ȷʵûõ
ҩʦʹͨ׼õĻֲ֮Ƶķ䣬Ȼǰľ޹굺
ҾͲˣɼæɣץһβľҶѾɰ׷ҶһɵģܸоЩҿѵʵɣ
ǰɲô˵ģ
ⲻȻæôܲΪһССݾҸɣҿɲǵ
ССݣ
ǲЦһ
뿴ǵʵɣȷʵ֮ҪƽȵĹϵҪжԵȵʵͺúÿŰɣ
ȷһ±˴ڣԼеλãҲϲļһﲻҪ󣬰ĳͺá


823 
˵Χ֮ѳɣھе̺ľҶСӣ¶֪ΪһϵĹƽϣȴ֪ǰδеǿѾȲˡ
޹굺ˮһǣһĶڴǲĿӰĻط
鱨ʾľ޴󺣹ͷڵأܹڹǱڲռ˰ɡ
ʵĵطԽ룬Ӫ޹굺壬Ȼ׽ߵĵ
ǣطҪôңҪôкܶԷֵ壬﷽ֱӡ
޴ĺҪλͷ­ǾԲ̫ķġ
޹Ȼ̲ߣҲԲԼλֽš
һûʲôµĻڳ˯УǽԼʳĵҪֶΣҲܹôꡢôĻ
ȻԶ󲿷ʱ䣬ߵľһ²֪Ҳδþ˶飬ŵЧʱ䲻࣬Ҳѹʲô̫ߵǻۡ
ȥɣ
ľĻͲλıʵײģСĿռֻ۵ӵߣ޴ӡ
ڰβȺͶβľ˻ΪٳٲԹʱȴѾһˡ
ǶͷɶξؿǰԼ˵ؿѧ
Щ챻׷ùǺΪǾˣֻ鷳ѡ
һϾ޹굺ûʲôεġ顱ͱ¶εİǰҵĿľҶȻͼ͵׷˹
û˵ĺݻŤͷؿ˵
ʦСǵѾҪ˰ɣ
İɣڴϺܣǽ̤ʵصսûˡ
Ǻã
ȻսͲõ̫࣬ǿؿѧҲ
ΪʦľҶҰԲö˵Ǹʵ׵ĸ֣㣬бΪ˵İŶݼףܹؿ֮ȫ˵ģ̽綼ûж١
ҲӵѪ޽硪۵ĳţܹ޵Ĵ֮£ԭȭľ󲿷ְ壬츳ʵ̾Ϊֹ
ңڵΣԭлҪʤһ
һȺܵж죬̶ܴȡͷٶȡ
ԭУ̿սʤεˣںܳһʱڣʹβ޻ģʽʵʵǱȲεģΨһܹᲢ۵ľǲϧǲŹؾˣľҶͬεУûʲôܹθѹڣʵĽȸУƵβòŬС
ʵϱθʤһұ̵ǲʵһҲѷɫĴҰӣ˵ģʽѾгɹĿֲսģʽ̽纱ûѧûᡣ
Ů־ˡȮڣȻλаܹʤǣѾ΢΢ˡ
ԼĻŬʱȲԼĻûзôšĸôܽԼˣ
ĪѹǿĶεиӵŬԱøǿҲȻ
˵һβսֻڲսĻһΣײϵ˵ˡ
ԼĳɹԼʱľûᣬôܴ
ͬںͣΧססǵ·֮ΰںȭļƣǶͷɶƵ֡
ɣжٱܹ
Ѿõ˲ٹڽǶͷɶ鱨ľҶߣͶһľԤƣԹ˾ƾѪѾˮľͰһϸ鱨ύ˸֣ɳ׷ɱǵؿСӣ֪һȱĻǾԲܵġ
鱨ߵĵڶһʼξ;öԸһԲ䣬õֵ鱨ûдĻ

ؿѧ֯͡Ĳչսʱ򣬸޼ںϻ֣˳ž޹굺ݺύˮ˵룬ʵ֮٣ûע⵽ʱ򣬾ͽ˾޹굺ڲĵش
ܹ޵ģ̡֮⣬ҲԭȾͲúõһЩˡ
޹굺пյĵ£ߵٶȻܿ죬ǣﵽ״̬ȵĸ֪Ҳ൱ˣǲŰµʱڵİβţѾ⼸˵ĶʱȷԤ
ߵ⣬ǰᵽľҶߣӦð


824 
˵ȣСһ㣬һɺܲԤУܸонӽУܲԾ
βôУǴﱻƻˣ˴ɣ
֮Ҫ⣡
֮ƵģβľҲ׼ӭսͻĵˡ
ǲŹľĿӰĻֵʱ֪˵˵ݡ
ľҶߣǵװӦþǡ֯˰ɣû뵽ǾȻɲǷĵطһλףȴӰˣ
ô᣿
ȻӡѾˣСʱȴӰľ˼ԻǲģǸӰʵ̫Ϥˡ
ԣȴӰˣﲢǻˡ
ĿӰΪϤİβţ˵
ѵαװ𣿡
ҲӦĳֽܹʹĿӰĲ
ת
ľͻȻ˵
˵֣ٻǰ̽սĿӰԳնǱӴٻ˳ĿӰǧͶĿӰǧֻȻɱġ
ԭˣľҶĽôȻ֯ӵĹ
ڲ˵ʱôô죿
һ뵽Ҫ𾴵ȴӰսľ˾ʮ
İɣֻðӰ˵ĿܶѣðȴӰ˵꣬ʵЩ泣׵ĶͽƲðɡ
һֱûֵļ¼ͱīɫһ
ط
ĸλԼ߰ѵԤĳٵĵ˷ʤ۶Կ켣
ټϳ׶ݵβ޻ٴμǿٶȺ
һŽڿSԼþ޴ĽA
ʵǿϣѷɫڸӸ߼ȿ˵ʤҪֶΡ
ǣǿAȴڵһʧˡ
ӭǲȵ߰ѵλȴûκѪɽˣԼһ㱻ǲ˦ĽţԼֺѸݵĵУ֮յضǲķ
ô£ӦѾŶԣΪʲôˣȻ˻
ȴ񲻴һֱ⡣
ڣѲ㡣
ֻҪβţĲڵĲУһĻ̾ͻ
ⲻǻӦѾжԷˡ
ǸŹֵļһȷʵҵĵС
Ӧʱռڱе˲䣬Լ崦ռ棬ĻطǿҲûдﵽܹƿռĵزȻܶ˺
ʱռ鲼ʹõ֮
࣬һʹõʱռ鲼¸̫ˡ
ĴĿӰ顪Ů鲼£żΪ߳ʱռ֮ΪΪѸٵ𶯣һ˲Ϊ˺Ҳʹ׶סʼߵĿӰĴĿӰԱͣȻҽĸҲͨ˺ʱ˲ķʽʹʱռ˶ǳܲסġ
һ£ֻҪƷѡ
̶ֳȵʱռȻ͸ӸʱռȫûȵģͲд۵ͫͲһߵֶܹᲢ۵ġ
ô죬ûɣӵˣ޵ˣ
̽ôܻ޵еˣȻ㣬㹥ʱ򣬾;Բܽһռܣ
Ǿ˵ҪӭѶϣŵǿһ㹥ӲӲ
ҵ˵֮ǰֻôˡ
ǾôɣҿɲСӡ
ǿУҲûϰߡ
βţο˵
Сģ˻а֣Ҫʱһˡ
ģ֪ˣҿŵľˣ״ãʱ֪ͨҡ
֪ˡ
˻һ֪ǳֲˣԼľսȴӰĻ壬֪ܹӳʵ鲻ԵĻľ˲һӦùʱ϶Ҫȶϡ
ǰû˾ǿаѣ
Ҳǣֻк;βսʱ򣬲Ѫڵĸоβ޶ǵСӽսĵûС
սѪû䣬ãԶļһʵɣеأӦûǾ˵ġ
ɫβ޲Ӷγһ͸β¡
ͬʱ׶ݲ˸ŵ⣬ӵȵ߰ѵϡ
׶ݵ


825 
ֹ׶ݲ̼ϸǿٶ巴Ӧ
Բʱ仯쵽ֿƵĵϣ䴩͸ǧ̬仯ĸֶֹˣѾѷɫóиķݵ
ٶȼ죬Ҽ׶ݵƣܷӳݵȷʵܹưβǣá
Լµٶ಻ĵз籩ȻѹƵǲò黯һֱܣһ˵ûа취ǲ޻ʱʹǼϰβţҲС
޷׼ȷǲȣֻܱصǲֳʱŻѡ
ңͬʹü֮ЧҲԽԽǲҲߣϤȵս֮Ҳʼشһĵ⽣Ӱ֮С
ǵˣǲͲд۵˲ҺӵѪ޽硣
˫ǰǲתδ̫ĶԭȾ͸оһɾ޴һǽһײԼϣųɫβ£ŵڵһٺˣײ˼ʯʵ֮ˤʯǽϣ޴𶯣˵壬޴Ƕʯǽȥˡ
β޲ıԼô͵ǧ壬ȫĹͷʹˡ
ʲôûиоĺۼ
ʵ˷ʤ
ˣȻɢ˼ܵȻعһɾ޴֮ͷʯǽ桰Ρ˳ŵ˷˹ȥ
ǹ죬Ȼ޷
ڰ㵸ȻûֿʱҲ˲Լʱ̲˵Ͻˡ
Ѿ㲻˰ɣֱӲͳ
ʶİβţ֪һ㡣
Сһ㣬ֻ۵
ȻһʱûǱ˴ľŴβǼ˵ܵģǲֳֻ۵ȻҪ̫࣬ȷʵһġ
û뵽ӵֻ۵˻ǳˣԤҪô
ԤԡʲôԤԣ

һǧǰ飬˵ҲûţβţҲʱûн͵˼
Ժ˵ڵɣ
˵꣬βʼҵⷢɢ
ǽˣ
ʮַĵؽĿȨƬ֮һֻӴİβ֣ȴ˫ţͷϰĹŹ㲻Сĵ¿ռ䡣
βް˾
ΣͷҲ˲ЩĲáҲ޷˶βľ˵Ŀˡ
ȫβ޻ڰβţĲ£ְסԼȫԾ˵ĸת֮䣬СĿռγһɾ޴ķ籩
ѾԸıΧĵεĵزˣھ޹굺ڲ޴Ӷܵĵط˱޿ɱܡ
ˮľļУһУֱӽββȫˣھβǿࡣ
ȫβľҷ籩Űܹһжشݻ١
޷ֱӵķ籩İβţҲòͣ
ӦЧɣ
ΧһƬǽ壬ûǰܹʾסĺۼֻʣһƬǱɨķ档
ڰβȾŵ˵ĶʱһƬ汻ųɫβµĶβľǱվ
һеʱ򣬲˵һ
һЩʹĽǣľ˲رԹ
Ǹ˲ӹ֣ûʱ䵢飬ﵱʱҲЩ
Ҫ׽סˣлôࡣ
ԭ㣬βǸһֶˣ
ϳɤӡЩȡ
Ҳɣ̬ұȽó
Ҳɣ
ľ˵ͷ
Ӧ˰ɣҲ֪ûУ
βȫӴͷ­ҡҡ
вӦӦûţǲ֪˵زء
ǸʱռӵͲдۺֻ۵ʱ˵޷ܣǲ֪ûս
λŵصŵ˵ķʱһͻȻӵ³ײڰβţ޴ϡ
쵰ת˵ô
ĿӰˮľļܹӲ˵ķݡ｣ˣ׶׵ķȷʵ𾪡
βް˾ǲִУҲǶԸβĴͷԼսϴΧɱ˺ЧĿӰ˵ĸ֣ЧܲǿһЩ


826 
аβȵʽĿӰؼͻ̡ı֣һУ׶ݲģʽ׶ݷӵµɱС
ĿӰʱ仯£еĸָȻԴ˹
ǿСķΧڱ͸þȻġ
ˮľļУĿӰĻʹһǿϾµķݡڡѪ޽̨µķܶݡ𤻤ڡ
⻹ļޣĿӰԼָӶ
ǿֻʣһָʱ򣬾ͱΪһָ֣ǿ󵽼ΪֲĵزһȱΪǿ֮ì
ǰΰβʧرߣĿӰʹһָֻ˰βţ
βţȱʧһǣǱĿӰϵġ
Ϊ飬βĶϽǲűǱĴõȻ˲ٰβûתͨ˲ȣ˻ȴ䵽ˮľϡ
ڣʵܵЩѹƣټıֵôУðβţӴڿյɶأصײڱұϡ
شβţĸ¶һ޴İ˺ۣˣ޴ĳðβţάֲסȫβ޻ˣǿסˡ
û뵽ʱô꣬һһαͬһдУˣȣˣҪϢһᡣ
ʩչбľ޴ڸǱ弶У԰β֮ǿǿţֻ취ˡ
˻صβ״̬ٴΰڳطļƣ˵Ĺ
ľˣҪˣ㣬ҪСˣöβõ֮𣬱Ǹʹʱռļһ˿ӡ
֪ˡ
գ֮䣬ʵԼҪʤһȱشʱҲľԥʱˣȫβ޻Ҳòʹá
Ķβè¿ռ䣬ոձβţŰһĵ¿ռ䣬һӭľ޵Ľ١
ã鷳ˡ
ֻǾսپڻûа취ʱʹҵ
֪ˣһŬġ
ôʼɣ
ŭһĶβϵʢ֮Ĳǳҵĸ£˵սľ
ë񡭡
СӶβÿ³Ȼ˷ɢ䣬ϱ͵һ̶֮󣬾ѸٱĵطĿĺ
ŵ㣬յˡ
βµıʱڣȵǲβɢɫ˺ҲԲմȾЩС磬һӴʹļ尾Բ˵˵ѡ
ĵ£ľױеľǲظ֪ϷĶ
Ӧ÷Ƕڵ°ɣ
Щȷʵ
õóֵ֪ܲǴ˵еĴĿˮӰʸ֡
һ֮ʮغǲһɱǲҪʮȣ½ûǲʲôˣǲҲ˳ؼ˱ˣԿĴĿˮӰʸ֣Ļꡣ
Ϊʲôǣ
ĿӰǸϤļһڣΪǸ˿ܵв󣡡

ЦЦ
ļһƺնֲ塣
ʱĶȴЩԡ
ĻȻǣ˺;þǲҲԸ׳ͷ׵ĿӰĻȴ㲻ˣ׶ȻɫԻݵķǺܡ
ԶԶؿĿӰжҩʦͻȻսǿĿЩס
Ʋƺܵ˸ţǶβµģ
ûоҩʦʱҲҲͷ
û뵽˷ӡֱĹȻҲܶԻתӰ죬һƺпΪ˵ܹĽһ
һεӰǸģо˵仯⣬ͬҲǻᣬһ˵ܹ
ڲоʱ򣬶βõĻȻԻת˲Ӱ죬˼򵥵ƽǿĽ
ҩʦĿӰĻӴ׶׵ǿȣõظɫ棬ͬʱҲѧǲ;ķ沨ĵ¡
ιҶˣʵڲ񻰰ɣҪȥǣ
ǲöһȫʩչֻ۵϶ܹץסֻβ޵ģˣβϬȮѵֵľβԼȥԸעһ
Ѿ˳ŵǰ֮ԼҪصޣǾ̫Цˡ
õģѾˡ


827 ˮ
ѾһγԹˮľĿˣǻݡǧ۶ݡǧִΧɢµһ򣬾ͻʹߴΪгЧĵƣһֶŤתģǲڳȥʹֻ۵ӡҲһʱܹеġ
ֻһƱػӰķӣҪǰβȺͶβľٴιĻֵܹǲȫ
ʱİֵԵüΪҪˡ
Ըݣˮǲô£
ǲĻϱž޴޼ĸ޳ڸ֪档
ԭҲʺӦ
ڱ˵͵ʵЩǣܹıǾٺòˡ
ˮݡˮ岨
ԲѷɫβĲȫʩչֳԽԽˮʱ򣬹þˣҲǾ춯ء
ûжõĸޣһ۾ͿڳĻǶôĶӣĿȫĴŰĻ棬ʱԼֵʱ򣬵ʲõĸ޺ԥؿʼʹòΧˮݡ
˵ˮĵĲӶ࣬˵һƬγһƬ󣬵Ҳôš
ڿռ޵ľ޹굺£޴йòĴˮؼڵ¿ռ䣬类𽥳ϸƿһ糱ӿĲ˲д棬۹۲죬ԿˮλԼٶȿ
µĵ˵Ǹóˮݵģˣ
ĻҲΪѣ˶סڹŴ򹷣λʵ̫ˡ
ˮˡ
βòؿŸղŻĿռ䣬ת۾ͱԼ޼ƿʩˮ̲סԹ
ȽŲε϶Ŵ˷İӿһ˵
ڵİβȻ֣Ҳ̫ϲĲ棬βȽӦֻβҲУ
ǱԹʱȣǳȥ
βţҲͷۡ
ﱻΧֻ·һ
׼ͻΧʱ򣬸һĹѾˣûдλϢĻᡣ
ˮݡˮ裡
ٴ³ˮĸޣͬʱ޴ڵˮˮ˲̶ɾ޴ˮΣƬ֮ͰסԼ޴صİβȺͶβľˡ
޴ˮԸΪģ乲ͬƶ
ͬʱˮ޼Ϊһĸޣٴα˰˰ӣӵͨƤӴյ˵Ĳؼ
鷳
άȫβ޻ĶβľˣӴҲɵñصľ޴ˮУȻܹɻҲֻһѣˮжû͸޼ȣͬҲòȥ
ߵʣȺľ̶ֳȵǿߣȻ򵥵ؾͱԽ޵Թ൱бҪˡ
߲ѵĳˮУ޲ϵͻȺľ˸޴мܣȣĴûл֮ӶǺ˼ˮ֮󣬽ɥʧ˵ֿ
ľ˵״Ժһ㣬ҲҪֲסˣóĻ¿϶ûа취ˣΪóĻҲؿơ
ں͸޽ӴĹУʧĶβάֲס̬ˣβ޻ȫ䣬β޻״̬޷ˣһβ£Ѿĵֿˡ
취ȥĻֻܱ޷类
ֻǣ޺ųûβ͵βޣƿصĽ֮ҪѺѣ֯ó׽˵ǿߣǿˮˮ裬ɱﵣסҪѵĻҪһ

ʱ򣬻ָ˲İβ󴫳
ղ鷳㱣ˡ
Ҫиͷǰ浲ŷֵȵ״̬Լֵڡ
䣬޴İβţӴٴγ֡
ˮ׵ĸ޿ͻȻֵİβظЦ
βޣҪսôڣʲôãʧȥȻҲֻǱͽˡ
ΪĸȻŵִǰսϵع˲ղͼ̱λķ
ֻǣλʵǿߣҪһץסֻβޣȻһЩառݵȻҲ˵̫˵㡭


828 
βΪˣʶʱ˾Ӷߣɰβţʱ档
޴İβţͷ֣ûø̫á
¶ȫİβţӿ³ī֭Щī֭˳ˮƮۼγɷ䲻ݷؿס޵壬һͽ޳Ⱦڣɷӡ
ʵĻУǿ˲ӡɰǧ˵ǿӡȱҪӲܳ׷òӡ
һΣΪȲʤȯĸûвôȻһӡӦֶδԱβţ͵Ϯˡ
Ȼ޺޼״ֻ̬Ҫر㹻ʱ䣬ͨղķʽƽ⡣
ӡɲʲô򵥵ĶҲܹӡ̫ʱ䣬һʱᣬ˵ֿ϶ûа취˺ˡ
Ȼû˰¡
Ʒתβľ˾ҪǧղԼѿĸһȴβţסˡ
嶯ʱɱ˻а֣ȳȥ
˲£˻ỹͻΧڵ˲õˮˮһСֻᱻץס
ôȥӳ뿪Ļˡ
пͳֻҪûɫţĺӹ˵ץ
ô鷳
βţŵ˵
ﲢǺܴ󣬶ұˮ⣬Լһͨ·ȥ
Լ٣
ľЩ⡣
Ȼǿɲͨ࡭
ˮĲβţζ¿ռĶȻʼ
ڵĲۼһ޴β֣ʱ򣬱βţţصײڵ¿ռĶ
βʹβȫ޴ֻ̦Īʽγɵĸ˲½⣬¶һŹ·״ǲ֪˶ľ޵걳ıǡ
һ㱣˾޵ĻܣҲǾ޹굺ڸڰβţȫ֮£ѣһ󶴣ȻϷŵĺһҲ׺ñը֮ʣŻһ
ϷͽǶԼɶμսؿѧǣȫԾ˲ԶĶ
о˵ص׶̻ظϵʱ򣬾Ϳ˾޹굺ıʡ
ǰβѾôΣˣôܣ
ûܵԾҲû೤ʱ䣬û뵽ôһĹս־Ͷӵزˡ
ļٵĻϽӿٶȣǰȥ鿴״
ͬʱץʱİβţŶβľ˳ˮķ͸ոձԼβľ޹һԾ𣬾ؼա
ǳˣͲˣļһб¾ͳһɣ
ֻ۵βţ϶˵ŤͷܣǲչֵûǿԼһսûеĵزο߻жβΪ֡
·ղŻŵǲͰ׾λΧԼûüõӳҲеΡ
ðɣȡûа취ˣϣҲǲٵ㹻ˡ
ӵֳεǲһץסӡĸޣӡԼٶƻĲû㹻άַӡβţӡҲ߽ˣһ¶˻޼ںϲ״̬ĸޡ
ˣһˡ
µظЦţҪǼǱͬ󣬵˼˵ԼҪɱˡ
̽ʹ˽һɵˣϵ̫׳⡣
Ͳд۵ͫ֯˲ʧȻٴγھ޹굺档
ڼҵĴսҪʼʱһĪļ¶ͻȻڳ˵顣
ʲôµĶҪˣ
ûеȵشһ˻ķŭŵͳĴ͸˵Ķ䣬ͨ𶯣ȴ·ʱ۳ĲɣظУ˲ͷƤ顣
޹굺һǣ֯ͻĶڣһ޴ڹͷ­̽˳޴ͷ­Ų֪۵ĽʲγɵļӲ֮Уȳªβʤһ
ƺԼϵĶͷ­쳤ת˹Ŵľһߡ
ƺ϶Լܡ˺ԼĵˣһŴǧٱ̶۾ŷŭ׹⣬ͶЩС桱
ˡ
εظ˸ͷ
ŭһ治֪ܹ


829 ʳ
һСľ֮Ĵһʵͷۡ
ֻβ޽Ҳû֣ھ޵ڲߵĴһǲˡ
򵥵ͰΣյľ޹꼤ŭɲһɵ顣
òƲֹĵˣֿµļһﶼˡ
͵ļһƤǿ϶ģһ㹥˺ǣһСһļһ϶ԶԸ
˰죬Ǿ޴ڹıս
һ뵽ոôĶֻһֻȻϽ֮ԭսζʱЩʧ
̽Ķǿߣ׻һľ롣
ΣиʱҪʤ׷
ؿΡֳ飬سֱԸǶͷɶΡ
һκɣεİʱ̹۲ǶĲŻȭһƵУٸĳٶȭԸǶǿܹƽ⡣
ɶξûôˣ㱩¶֮ĳǿƣؿսǰռϷ磬Ҫɱԣͱˡ
سȫ¶ķɶΣò˵Ѫǿɱ䡤˾ƾѪûа취ʹá
ûаǿɶεʵ½˲ֹһ
죬ӰѾһܣ
Ȼɱ֮ҲиָɶֻŽ壬ָҲñһߺõȥҪ˵ȱ첲ȣǽϹۣܹӰɶεս
״ҪǶæϣҪ׾Ϊȱʧ֫塣
س˵ǡ֮˵ǡɱ֮Ϊʡ
Ҫ˵Ͳ޵ĻתȣǶĲԶ߷ɶκü
֯棬鱨й¶ӰģܾЩаͽˡ
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˴֮󣬳ž޵ֵ˲䡢ɶƬ̵ڽ˸ץסˡ
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ǿĳͻˣżĺХû˱󸿵ķɶΡ
һʱſϵĸ˿ߣƾ̾˳ŷɶα÷ˡ
ڵһķɶΣǿάȫͱȭŵĳ÷ˡ
ʹˣҲûлٲսˡ
ķ飬ܴس˵ϡ
ķɵҪɳ޹굺ķΧȴһѸݵӰסȻһ¡
ͻı仯ȸղž޴ڹԴǺεĵĿ⻹Խܡ
һȻˣ
ոյʼٸһŵؿǿת۾ͱ˾޵Сġ
ڹһ㶼ǳģֻأ͵ļһأ֪ҪֲԸӪҲЧʵĶȻġ
Ի磬ҪȻó⣬صĻڶȲ
ǣҲ̫ˡ
һֱڼΪ֮̽࣬ôܽԼͬʳ
ͷӴ󵽿ֲ˽ֻķɶ֮󣬲ž׽˼£ɶεھ޵Ӳײ˽ʸе
û£ɶιûܿס޵޴ҧһ⽴ͱŽȥ
һ˳۵С֮󣬾޵̵˫ٴζ·ˡ
֯һʽԱˣ
ȻƲһķɶ뺣УҲιϺ³п׵ĺԨԶˡ
Ľ֣˸Ұɣ


830 
޹ԵķɶΣô
ĺھ̲סЦ
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İ׾˵
ʹڹķ㣬Ҳûʲôô˰ɣѵԺΪлϻȥʵ˵ɶνʮֺ氡
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ɶμʹ޵ȫ廯̬ɢ̽£ҲûʲôֱˣƵ̽Ҳûؾ۵һˡ
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ͷѹϵƣʵ޴ֻ֣ҪһƴܹﵽһʳԱĳ̶ȣͲҪ̫ϸ֦ĩڵСˡ
ô˵һҪץģҪǵȵһΣûĻˡ
ȻһЩʣʱǲܹӦԵķΧ֮ڣֻΪȨ⣬Լ뻨̫Ĵ۶ѣ浽Σʱ̣ȻҲʹǿ
ʧһɶΣǵսҲռݾԵơ
ⲢǲԴڳľҶߺ̣λ֮⣬Ҳؿиıսֵʵ̻½λ̫ˡ
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ǲͰ׾ŽĶԲߵʱһںֶԿǶͻȻе
СģǱ롭
Ǳòûб¶һ˲䣬Ľдſµɱ˲εĸ֪档
ĿǱߵŮߣСġ
û˵꣬˵ξͷ֣˸źâĽѾ˶βľ˵ĸɫβ¾񲻴һ׾ٵش͸
ɵһǿеϲûάֶãͱʵݺݵؽѵһ١
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쵰
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ľݣ
ûĴһҿǺΪѵġ
ʧʱǰס˰βȥ·
Ϊ赲ңȻ֪ľôģҪǧ临һҪɵһ£Զˡá
һ޴ͷ­ͻȻ̽˹Ѫһ¾ҧס˰βĴѿ󣬽Сβҧסˡ
ľΧ޵Ϯİβʱûа취Ԯľˡ
ΪʲôңѵΪҴڹǣ
˭֪
׾٩ش
޴ĴһǷֲǵѣôĿ꣬ͷ󣬲¿˭
ΪЦɣ
Ϊж鷳˵β޶Щ޴ҰޣûǻۣҲֻһİ׳նѡ
ǻǶлѡ
βţͻȻһ䣬ӴͶȻɢ״̬β״̬Ȼ㿪˾޵Ѫľݵľ˵ķǰ
ˣǴ˵еתܹ޷νӣʵ˾ȣϧѾ̫ˣ
ҲֻҪΪǲȡƬ̵ʱˡ
һӵ»̳ٴλ˶βľ˵ĸ
ĿӰľСͻ̡һָ֣׾ٵػβ޻״̬β£ľ˵ĸһ۴ֵĹᴩףѪҺܿƵӿ
ڴʱһռ䲨źڵ׺۵ǲľߡ


831 
⵽شľȻûʧȥսжβõİæҲܷӳʵҲҪ˸С
ľҶĻĿӰĻֹ̽û˭аȫˡ
ľȻǿҲżҲ˶ѡ
ʹԺľ˵־ǵѪʣβ޲ѹѸٻӷľǱһβ¸ԵѪ졣
뷴棡
ǲĮȻؿŶβľˡԣӦǿľĶβá
սˣ̹Ȼؽ˵ذŰɣ
ˣ
βòм˵
֪õһֻֻۣ͸̸ˣ浱ԼˣԴļһ
ǲԴ󣬲ҪģҪΪֹˡ
ַǰ죬һڵİ״ƾճ֣ǲĿ֮£͸ľߵļ
ԭҪַĶβòԾشֱۡ
ֹˣڰ֮ݵֱ̱ľõĲһͼݵǰɢ
βûʾǲľȣβµʧľڲѸٱ⣬־ֱ˻ص˷ӡ档
βȴľ˵־ٴ˹òԽϿĴ
һ״ľ˻ЩûзӦľȻ˵
ҾҪ𣿡
ûлشľ˿ռУƬ֮󣬾ͽľߡ
ľץסǲҲһץסһֻβޣǲˡ
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һȣŰβ͵ĳɫβµȣĸλŵתСͷʩչǿķʽͼѸѹǲȻضβľˡ
ֻһж̫ˣƬ̵ĵľѾ뵽ռ䣬ʧ̽磬ɱǲҲȲԼͬˡ
οɱ
黯ļӳ£ȵĹֻҪ޷ﵽռĳ̶ȣȫù
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ľݡɭ֮
ԭԵЩտľ޹굺棬һƬŵɭ֣ȶǲĹ
ˣôΧľݣոʩչ˰Ŷݼףڵ͹ȵؿţҪȥæȴѾԹ˲Ͼˡ
ĴҲòٺܵ˵ĹκĹҲɵһͣѾЩ׽ĽǶ˴Ϣ֮
˾ʮĲϹ˵ڴľߡ
״òƲôð
ˮѾ಻ڱάҲεȭԿУʹ˱ϡ
Ȼʣס绹ǻ𣬶ǹǿĲԣûͬæǶˡ
ȻͲ󣬵Ҳ˵ּ֮ҵţлŶݼ׵çײСӣǺöԸġ
һһĻǶаȡʤȭϸȭϣʵ̫ѶԸˣԶսòǣȥٽȥĻԽǶüʮḻս飬пڳ־սսʤǿУҲбɱĿܣϾսеʵ̫ˡ
ҲѵʾʱΪԼĴɶúܲңи֮ͬУˣ
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Ҳԣ˵ļһûʸΪ
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ǶûȤСϺǷʰľۡ
ôӦԣ
ԣȲʤȯΨһ̵ܹٺô
ӣ״ҲôãǿսҲԸ⡣
ԴС뿪ˡ֮֯󣬽ǶͶǲ;ѳ֯Ȩ״ˣܹ֯Ѿ൱ѵˣȥƴƴΪ֯϶ǲˡ
ԶṆ̀о˰ɣסҪǵжܸɵõĻ
Ҫô޴ļ
ǶһתͶ̻˹ȥ
ڵ״ȥؿ쵼ľҶСս׶༪٣һ̣аȡʤġ
ԶգղŶ԰βţֵľ޵꣬аǲ;Ĵæ
Ȳʤȯ£⻹ԽԽá
ϴĻľϣ˫񹥻ž޵˵ͷ­Ȼû̫˺Ҳɹһע


832 Χ
ıǲصͷѳ˰βȵĹΧ
ϵ˳ɹֽһ
ҩʦ׽͸ȻǸٺôʵЩҲֻǲôɵó޷ȫõļ߶ѡ⵽ֻǽףһϵǲʲôɸ˵ͼ
ϵľݲסȵľЩǡ
ҪҪһ£
ӲŵĽ飬ԥر˶ǵĹ˵˳
ûԵļһһ֮ѵǲȻὫҩʦúأҲֻǻöѣ
ʱ򣡡
ǲҡҡͷ
ҩʦӵкǿתǱֲ̫ˣüֵܴʱҪ
㡣
ν˵
㽫βץ֣ҹζ࣡
֪
βҪܣڻûлˡ
ؿ䣬ҲؿͻȻֵĵˡ
ǿ׶ݣһʵĥڳ֮ǰȻһӦûУ۶ûз֡
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Ȼ֪ԭ֮ԵƭҲǲܣԼľҶ˵Ĳİ
Ҫ׿ưۺѣ޵عܷգǿ˵ֻҪ¹򣬻ǿԵġ
ڵĴ̿ߣܸ֪ߵǱ޿Ρ
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ۺȻǡ̡Ҫǿһ㣬ľ˷ï̲ס߶ɱʾ³ˡ
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Σ죬ԣڻͻΧ
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ΧУѰͻҲӦ֮⣬ֻǣؿи֮ʱŨأ˾ʮֲ
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£ˣΣҪңа취
ģָʱҲֻõͷӦ
ԶҲ˾Уľݶβ޲Ŀʵ̫ˣþԵľݵʹȥĻҲǲģο˫ûӵ˼
ݡ衣
ȻֻһBƾĿռ֮ں籩棬Χ󣬶ٶȼ졣
ľݱƵæҵٶٿ죬Ҳû취ִΧĻݣó׶ݲܺܺõطݡ
β»ûгױ󲿷赲棬ͨռ֮ݵϣ˿ǧ壬һ˿ڳϡ
ʹҲӰȵķӣԭýĶҲЩٻҲֻʱˡ
ɣ
βţȵԺｨ顣
ǣĶ̫ˣҪٱ޵궢ϣܵпɲá
ǸɵڱǣסˣһҲǱܲ˵Ҫڻ
Ҫôǣľˡ
ͬܣʵԽܡ


833 
ʱ򣬹͵뷨ÿ˶УĶˣвܵǴġ
һʮֿʵְҵֻҪùã
İ˻һ㣬βľˣźƾͬʵԸᡣ
һ㣬ȣ޷е鶼ԸԳпܣҲ㳷ˣѾˣʵ֮Ҫ
ûʱԥˣֻҷͷĲʣðβţΪ
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Ҫƴˣ
βţӴٴγ֣һΣѾƵĴһ޹˼ɡ
һţţͷǰһ޴β񣬾̬仯֮󣬶Կǿɢĳ˸绡
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ʱѾûκ壬ʲôڵβǰֽһһ
ֻܲϲߣľҶһ˶ֻ֮Ҫעһ㣬ǲױС
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Һϵ޼㹻ǿڸ޵ϣȻȫβеĲҲֵܵһԸ޵ʵǿܹӦˡ
ȷβɲΪȫйһˡ
Χϰһ֮󣬰βţ˲׳ĳȣź߳˹ȥ
˵زǾ֮أϽߡ
ǱߵľҶҲˣ죬ǣô죿
˵ĿʹǣֻҪ뿪ǾûȤ˶ˡ
⣬ðɡ
Ҳ޷βţɡ
Թ˲Ͼļһû뵽ǣǹĵ̻ͬѾһӻĽǶڵأȫǿݡѹñ˵ĻȥǶץͷȻһ̴ִֻࡣ
޴ļһʵҲβ޵սûƣʲô
ոձκѹƵĽǶ뷢йһֱĲˣײǹϵ̻ǱϵĵùǶȫӵʵ˲
ǸϵļһȻֵ̫ǮҲ֮ˡ
˳ץ죬䱳׼ȥͽȡǮƣȻžķ˹ȥ
ԴС뿪ˡ֮֯ԭԣĲҲ˲ǲ;׬ǮôȤԱҲһļһ׬ǮĻɫԭԣʺͽǮܹ˶þҪľˣСϴ֯ľ󲿷ֻȫûоӪ֯˼һֲ̽ķܣǶ֪֯ˡ
׻ߵĶҵһݣҪ׷
Ҫ֯棬һԸҵСϵϢǶͲЩǰͬˡ
ҪðΣץβ޲˵ûκκôҪǻüֵǶ뿪֯ˡ
Ǳ߻֣֪ûˣҲһȱʧࡣ
ɶˣǶ˿⣬βನҲﲻԶĵطѾûʲô˺ˡ
˴ιȥ֣Ƕûٰæ˼ֻ˳ȥ˶ѡ

ʱ˿ֳ̣˴󶯾İβţûܶԶͱһɾ޴ץסˣԭӰĲԶźڵ׺ۣϴߵǲ֣˫ǰ죬ϵŰβţҪľٶ˵ļѡ
ȥǰ취ֻܱˡ
βޣҲˣȻûޣʱ̫Ļһʱỹǻ١
βް˾
ٴʹؼİβţֻƼſתﵽ֮󣬽й͵·
ʯɽ¶ľ޵ıҲ


834 
βţֵľٶǲҲЩ֡
ôһĹţͷ־ͳʱ򣬴ӸոԼĿ˽ȥ
մӽȥʲôѰ·
ǲһЦɫһ䡣
ã
׽Ӧ֮⣬ֻǻģһ͵ˣͲôˡ
ʶԵǲæ׷˹ȥϧʱռӳ֣Ҳûܸϵֹβţľٶ
ֻ´һƵıըΧĵ籬ѣһźɫҺͲ֪ʲôĶܷɽ
һ
ͬʱϴעľ޵ͻȻһҽУȻ޹굺ʼҵػζվϵǶЩվȣԭʼ
ô£βʲô
ܾѾȻǽҾƣóѡ
˵ǰǶսģŲòӵ³ĻѾͶ·ˣֻܽ޵սǣһʱ䡣
Ӧǰβֱβ湥˾޹꣬ûǱľ޹ڲܵشӣ벻Ʒ޵궼ˡ
Ҫ󶯸ɸô
һ
ǲҡҡͷž޴ڹ죬żҧ˹ȫͬһ

Ӵĳϣ;޴װڹĴҵײĵĳƾ졣
ȥɡ
ǲ͵ط޴ڹ챻侱ûйͷֻǱǿŤתһ£ûзʲôϹ۵ĲҾ硣
ʹҲȻӵŭɶ
һŭҲ֪һʲôλôġ
ãҪ㣡
ҵУֻи֪ƽ⼫ΪԽĸ߲ܲվŵ³
һûˡ
һֱҶھ޵ȻΪֻڹӦΪԼһ˵ṩ֮أͬʱԼԼǿʵһֻ޹ȻһӲףӦòԼĶ֡
⵱Ȼʵŭ˾޵꣬һҲǿԷġ
ںļһȻʹ˵㣬ҲǺ
޹û£ûı£ֻ۵ҲܳʱſܹѹְҲҪ
ˣ޺޼ںϻ֣Ҳм޵ģĽˮľǰĿƼʱԴ֪Ҳ޼̽̫̽ջҪѡ
ңСƵľ޵һҶûŵ㣬չˮսĻȻܹ֣Σˣʵ޹ˡ
ʳԵĹ࣬ǲʳ֣ܹġ
һߣʶбؿ
ˣǳˣ
ŰŶݼ׵ؿһǰǰȥһѪ·졢κСҲæϡ
ҵʱҲ˲ϸղµİβˣȻӲӲؿСӵ˿ܴ·磬ܵĻĿӰܹǵٶȣ޺ľ˷ïһ㡣
û׷ɱܵߣ޹굺Ѿ³ˮˡ
һ޼ʵĺϣûκƴľٶȺģûôĶˡ
ϧķչ
ϵĶ֮󣬳ˮµľ޵͡
ûеˮϵľľãã󺣣ûбˣɾĻˣңڴƾʹľʵ̫ԣԣ«έؾͳˡ
ҵǰͷ˿ֲһĻֻԭ³Щĺ棬ͻȻ֮ˣڹצӺͷ­޼ɵй
ǰˮϲͬкˮæݾ޵ƣڼִĿ£ͺӴѹһмɵʱǶô˾
ΣС뿪
£ûܹ⣬е˶ˮ£޵꼤ˮһн˺ƬļƣƵ޼ɵشԶսҩʦΪȣ
һ˿Ϥζû뵽ֻƾ贿ܹʵˮ°汾׼֮һȻС
绢
ΣͷΪ˵ǿˮֻÿ˰Ŷݼ׵ŵؿͷų
ؿҪԼѧֻʹǿԳˮ񶯲ȫԼͬʱҲԶ롭


835 ն
һƬҵľ棬Űβţľٶþ޵곹׺Լҳֵļһ
˲֪˲֪ѺΣգԲû̡
ǶֻҪˮ£޵꿪ʼ棬ûʲôܹӵùĹ
ûа취ֱӵִֿ͸ǿļ񲨣ֻؿԳǿٵԳ壬ʹݹ
ֻһʱ̱жξ޵Ŀ档
һĿˮжĿӰĻ塣
׵Ĵͷˮž粻ӣ˸Ѹ˾޵עԭΪ׶ݲףĴ
һֻյľצ£ĿӰΧĺˮ˲ˮըһƵıŷǵĿӰĻƬĴƮɢ
ţľ˷ïĻ壬ˮжˮŵ޷ת۾ͱһֻצ顣
ھ޵ѰһĿʱһ޴ļһӳ̵˫ۣˮԵÿµĿⶢסԼ˵ףֹֻһΡ
Ťͷֵļޣ޵̲סˡ
ػƬ״֫ľ޵͵ǰһҧס˰βţһǰצҲ˺
޲ϴǾ޵˻βţĲҽС
࣬һﶼȻǣͺβ޶Աȣͺβ޵ͶԱȲ࣬ߵĲ໹Ҫ
εȿֲľּ˰ɡ
黯˾޵ĵһͬʱԹ۽ĳǲ̾š
̽ĺǿľҶ壬Ҳֻһŭצ֮±Ϊƽء
ҵǣܱΪƣԣҲ޷ƿؾ޵꣬Ļ̽ǿߴ壬ͲľҶ壬ˡ
ûǻ۵ĸǿҰޣҲֻҰޣ̽Σޣʱȴ̽ǿļͷۡ
βţᵽһӴ壬һСֱ˺֧飬һЩ˳żĲƮԶһЩʹҪƬʧˡ
޴㴥״βͻѾɵĹͺͺһأֻ㱣ҲԺάסˡ
㽫ɱٵ꣬ҿܲˡ
þ޵꽫ɱβţ϶Ҳᱻ۶һΡ
ԡ֯Ĵ˵ֻһʮβĳ·̴ˣ׽β޾ˡ
̽ռ֮еǲ˵ؿ˾޵ĵ̣Ȼһ׼׼˵Ķ
ôӦñβҪǿ١
һֱڣǲΪϴսЩźһڵĻкܶ飬ʵҪҩʦЭ
ҡͷ̾Ϣһǲκĸߣռ䱣ȻҩʦŵϴĻ嶯֡
һ֮ˮһǿҵĹâ緢һС͵ˮº˱һ޵Ĵһ޴ĳը÷˸ƤµļбըãһƬƬѪźɫѪҺΧĺˮȾһƬ
ֻ࣬ҪþС
˵ϴըʵʱ򣬲Ҫǲʹֻ۵
ನĳ£βţάֲסȫˣ¶˻Եȣرǲ
ˡ
£ɺдҲ޷ϵϲãβôãЩüĿˣǸԭΪûϣԸ¶һ˿ɹĿܡ
ʣβ;βڵѾ㹻̽սˡ
ſ֪һѾԶ˵ľҶСӣȥɱ֮󣬻Ƿˡ
ͬʱٴαشľ޵ˣڳЩСӡȡʳƼˣܹɱԼǿŸദصƣצȻһ²㣬ʧ·ڵĺס
Ȼһ˼Σգ£Ҳû˹һθնĴйΣḻľ޵꣬Ȩ֮󣬻ѡȴ
ǲҲض뿪ط
޵ѪҺȾĺˮУֻһЩƬۣԭĿӰľ˷ïĻ壬Ȼҩʦա
Զĺˮһòû㴥ͻȻαװ˱˵İβȡ


836 
Ⱦĺ潥ָƽޱĴаһеػеĹڸǡ
ԭھ޹굺ϵҲˮɣϡ
ù󣬺콻ӵߣһȺӰͻأ˹Ӱ߽֮󣬲ŷһȺŶߵ̡
ˣ
ͷĿ࣬ȴûдŰʽߡ
Ԯźŵǻз𣿡
źĲӦʧˡ
޹
ȻţǺˮѪ֤޹˲ᣬںݷ
ûбһˣľ˺ôˣӦβ޲ķӦɣ
ÿӶ׷Լβ޲ķȻ̫ȷڶ˼ʮ꣬󲿷ִж˵Ĵġ
ǱȽϳ͵ģֻΪľҶǿѪ޽Դ·硣
ľ˵ĲӦʧβҲ伣ȺͰβĲȻвʮ΢޷жǷš
ˣҲ˵пܶץˣ
ź޷ϡ
Ӱ˱棡ԣ׷
Ȼ׶ûôҲֻþˡ

Ĺ򣬻ڿӰĴĿӰ֪Լҷ飬׵ĳͲǰӡ
˶ֱ죬ȻҶҵĵ֣ܵ
Ƣ𱩵ĴĿӰҪתȥҡ֯ˣȻȡ
侲һ㣬Ĵˡ
䵱Ĵ³ϣסͷϵĴĿӰ
аĦ̨Ӧû£ĴҲҪԼ飬֯˵ڵض֪ǾûԮ
Ǿҵĵܱܵɱ
ĵؿ鱨ĴˣĵܻܵѾѵĿܣֻʱûбҵѰ⣬ľҲץˣҪһؾ޹굺
˵һѣ֪ˣ
ĴĿӰֻ£ȻλӰе
ôãΪһЩС˷ʱ䣬ҪǶ£ͻȥˣҲôĿ
ҰľҰޡڤ͸Ƣ𱩵ļһҪ̸̫࣬£ԼҲ˿֪ˡ
Ҳǽ˰̵ʱ
ǰķͶɣս֯ܺߡ
Ǿôˡ
ͽ춼ûЭãȻҪϾ·Ż̬Ľ
ȵȡ
徫ͨҽ͸֪ϣԵ
Ѱʱ򣬷ľҶؿΣؿ˻ԲѣҲƲᣬ֮
ʲô
̲סվ
Ȼ飿
֪ģ֪ΪʲôľҶ߻֮ˮ򣿡
ֳһ£ͷ
ӦǸ⣬ؿ׷ٽǶͷɶΣӦò֮ؿǾḻ̣Բִ᷸󡭡
ʽˣ˽⣬ں·֮Ȼǡˡ֣֯һս֮ͻΧۼ˱ɴĶβץߣβˣǲǱ°ߣͲö֪ˡ

ҲЩ
֪ôˣ
ѾûΣˣ״ܲ˵ᷴ
ȥ
ճڣ־˲ףӰ֮ʱԼ뿪Ӱʵڲá
ɣľҶˮľȥ
ͨҽ֮ˮľȥӦٺòˡ
Ҳã
鰲ȥ֮󣬸ָ̾
ؿʵλܿ䣬˵ʵʵǿ£Ҳֻּǿ֣ưɣ
û뵽֯챻ɵˣȻս
֮ǰķӰսУȻҰʵ㲻ʤ
˺𣬼ʧȥһβغסԼʵǿǧţȴһ
Ź˼죬ֱ֯ͻϮٴζ˶βãпܰβҲץߣĴû۲ݵӰѿѡ
ҲãҲᶨ˴ϵľģٻβ;β֣һжü

֪˾޹굺飬ܼˮľ˵ϸĵص֮ʹ÷֮˲֮ȻóķСʱ͸ϵ˻Բѵؿǰ
ϸ֮һƵˮľģһܹսҪǰʧˮľҪͷˡ
ŤͷһװΡ
ôŪӣԭԭظҡ


837 ̳
Ḷ́ؿѧȻδȫΰ۵Ĺ۲֮£սĴ֪һġ
˵֮ˮľǰź꽻ӣȻʵ÷֮ͻľҶ壬ǺͻصľҶĵ߰͵ڰ˰һơ
ԮĿӰҰ޵УЩҲ˵ˣҪúһ¡
ȻصˣˮľȻ֮ڽеӰҲҪˮľȥ֣˵ʵôӭˮľȥļһ٣ҪǻҰ޵ȽҪЩľԴʿͽˮľϳȥˡ
ľҶҽԺػѾûʲô󰭵ľŲϱľؿԲѣɵ̾һ
û뵽ּһҲ¶һӣӵĿѾܶûмˡ

ȵ̽뿪֮ˮľͿĵʱ䣬ľҶõҽߡֺ;ڣḻתСҲѵõĺ֣ϧ״ѣѾ̫ʺַصľˣҽõģСǾḻˮľ츳ĴҰӣ
ôһʱ䣬Ҳ˸ЩսܴȽصһЩˡ
ؿͬͬѧôѣѵãʵ̣һ죬˲żüá
֮£ˮľͬǲҲ̶ãԼ츳ƿɳҲˣûһܹͷģΨһƵЩģгĿҰ̣ǰΪսԼ˲ŽȱΪرˣǰĿӰСͷĿ͵ȡӡ֮֮ǰˮľ˾
ģˮľӡǧ活ˮľְѧУ֮⣬ûʲôǰһļһˡ
ˣļ죬ľһѳľҶļͬѧͲ˵ˣ³ƺ͸̽ҲպգҰ³ͬѧһЩǰ;Զ˲ţ³ר־ҵ֮⣬ΪΡֹĵͬš
ôһԱȣйҪˮľʼһߣ඼챻ˡ
Ǹʱ򣬸պøϵĵսŬĻҪսˡ
ܰɣû㹻츳Ҳܻ
˵ΪսҵԵʣľһΪӶغĴ̴峵ս˸飬෽ΧЩޱҲսڻƽʵߣҪû㹻ʣҲܻصĵУ̫ӲĥʯҲֻǱ۶ϵ³
ľĬһſ˵
ѧսҲľҶĴͳˣǰΪʲôԸڰҲܽЩСҹؼʱѡ񡣡

ˮľҡҡͷ
㻹ǶԵĴûмʱԮе㹢ڻ
е¡
Ц
ȫңôġ
ҲɣȻûһﲻƽ⣿
ҲУҲʦǶԼ̫˺ͬеź
ؿͷѪı
Զǣ֪սһ̣ʦ¶ο飬οʹպʧȥ˷ңȻ޷˵һսͬҵѧսˣҲ֪ܲĴһʦľҶߵݡ
ԣһҲ۵֣ݡԣôԵǾûΣҹΪ˲˿ɣ
߲ôôĨȥеɱ˹ߣҲ
ˮľЦЦ
밵ǶԵģ̫ظˡ
ҪĻҲܿͲд۰ɡ
һǲˣʮͣڲȶȱ¿ͲдۣҪľ񲨶ǿȣֱǲҪʣͲҪǲһûгɹ
֮־ô£ⶼԸɣ
˵꣬תƿ˳ȥ
ؿ̵ҲҪŬˡ

ˮľһЩ߽ؿ
֮־ǲôǻ𴫳֮İɣԳɰ˹ġǺӣĻ֮־ѧͬ飿ԣӦǰϣļ̳У
ˮľ˵꣬ſ֪̽һΧû춯֮һ˲ʧٴγֵʱѾ˾Υĺɽ»ˡ
ݵогɹˣ


838 ֮
оʱͷĿ̧ͷ
ȷʵˣ½Ѿ֪ˡʵӦûкܴ⣬Ϊһ漰Щζѧоѧ̽Ҫǣȱ۲ʵ֤
ҲᣬνĿѧۣԭҲֻѧķֻ֧ǺűΪȻѧơڲҪֻҪþˡ
ףִ۵ĶĲǿȡɾܸ㶮ġ
˵ʵʵģ˵徭ļˡ
εͷһͷ͵
ִ漣̽Ĺ֮һȣҪףʲô
Ҫ̧ܣǰ۹ʲôǶ岻ֻȷʲôֲͨޡ΢ȵȶǣˣ̽ΪвԻк̼ܶҾͲһһˡ
ΰڰ֡
ЩҶֻ֪ڡשߣһԶò׼ȷ𰸣ͱ硭
̧һߵʯӡ
ⶫ㲻Ǹ׼
ʯͷ϶ǲлҪǸǰı߶ϣ̽磬ΪвĶ屻ؿˡ
̽зʶģԲΪý飬βޡΪ壬ǱĬ֧硣
ûһ˿ĵҲ̽һ֣ӲҪ˵ĻҲ̫ס
һÿһϸг϶ʱȷʵġ
Ҳµĵӣ̽һϸ֯Ϊ̽ĻȻԼ
ûҲֻ۲첻ˣǰĿѧ۲첻ʺͰͨӵķ֤ǵĴڡ
ֻˮľûǸйȥоЩĶˣûһȫһʱ䣬Ĳʲô
ȷʵˣǿԸݾ飬ȷһȴȷΪ
Ϊв
ˣ
εͷ
ɷ޻ת֮ǧǽ޻ǲȻǸ裿˵ֻǡý޷ֵѡĻΪƾŵֶξܹʱĶУƲ࣬ƾմҪϵС
ô˵ҲЩ
ˮľͷ˼һᡣ
õǧŵļתкܴġ
Ȼ
ƾմˮľûô뷨
ˣˮľʱûô˽
ֻ۵ֻ֮֮⣬ΨһһܹĽûѪ޽ƣʵٺòĲοˡ
ˮľҲڳŵĻоֻ۵ݸǱܣŸ޷ҽѾ˵ĳŻ壬Ҳòֻ֮ݵоչ
ڲ֮ǰõǧŵļתû뵽ô˷֡
תܹĿܹȻҰޣ⡭
˵
תѵġ롮ĸĿܣǲܹѳɰ֮ЫĸĸꣿҰޣǰҰ𣿡
⻹Ǹֵ۵Ļ⡭
ˮľ˼ãȻش
ΪǧſתԲΪһᶯĿܺɰ֮Ыģĸĸ֮꣡ƣҰޱȻҲĸ򣬴һԼеҰ޵ġ塯ʲô壿ĻǾζš
ζţתԻؾ꣬ǣҽĽûͨЧ
ƻתѾӾٻ̽磬ȻٸģתûĹܡ
ôһ˵Ļ
ˮľʲôͷ
ܼ򵥣Ҫĺʲô塭ԣ׼ȷ˵Ӧ壬꣬ĸҪ
ɣ
ǰԵ磬ҪˣǾˡ
̽粻һҪԴ󽵵ͣţ·һˮľʵڲжôɻȱ
ˣ꣬һҪ
˵˵
ˮľͬĹ۵㣬鷳˲˼顣
һҪ֪ʲôһ֮һû͸Ǿ˵ûгôܣ
ûʲô壿
Դ
ա̽磬ʲô


839 
ˮľɵĻûùθıԣֻЩЦЦؿˮľᡣ
ôΪôͲܣ
ˮľƽһȻ˵
Ǻĸ˵ͲС˵УһǸˡָĳ׳ţӸϣٶߵκӰ죬ܹô˵ûô˵Ļ
ˮľͻȻһ
ƺЩˮľıڹС
ⲻǺֻǰЩӶˡֻ۵ֻ֮תǼתġҿֻǽһġ˵̬ѡڵ磬ڻ棬˴⡣׼ȷ˵ֻҪνġڵ磬ǴҲⷽĻˡ
Ӭ޷ĵΪŸָ©ŻвʬתתǼת
ҪǸˮľǰҪʲô취ҲԺǰûʲôϵˣֻĳЩֶ˹ѡ
Խ磬ܵ˾ͲͶȡɵĿռ䡣
֪ΣգܼڲϽͣͺñԭһ޼ʵĴ󺣣һɻɴСˮݣ޹֡㣬ССϺӴСˮĸɺԶӦЩ֮ڵ￴ǲ𽥼صḶ̬́ϵͳĶҲԽԽָĹԽԽֱױ
Ӧ̽磬ֱ۵֣ȻŨ̶ȣһٵĻУȻķչӦ׳ģ̽һһֱûиĶȻѾаʱûʲôΣˣʲôʱֻ˷ˡ
Щַ֪꣬Ͷ̽Ӱ죬ԭУתǲ͵ܵǲһֻҩʦתǲ߸ǰ˿ƣΪ˴Ͳľҹý飬ļһôҲǳӡά̽Ľ޵ڤһı
ֻҪڣͲûе̽ʲĹ򼫲ȹ̣ھҲ൱ףֻǡ
֮ǰ̽о𣿡
ӦУǲӾͲˡ
ˮľ֮ʵ
ãͲľ˵ĴڣԾ̽Ǻ𣿡
˼һᣬȻش
ӦǺ°ɣЩŴս˺ͱ֮꣡ȥǱɰ׾Ĺ
ǰ
ˮľ̾һЩ飬ֻ֪̫࣬˾ò
㰲ĵߣôҳƺİɣԶֻƬÿһֶǺ塣ǿһƲ⣬̽ǧٿ׵磬Ϊָѩϼ˪ڴͲľҹ޼ɵͳ֮£ֻ̽صĵ߶ƣ壬˰׾Ͳľҹӡ֮˻򣬴жȻȸԱҲƻ̽ĴɱĵĿܣһٶõƾ١ǣȴ˰޺⣬ҲΪԷ⣬д㣬Ըƻ̽ݡòתֽ֮ҲûвʲôӳֶΣȻȻʵ˷ѽ⡣һò˵ɵĻ˵ͨˡ
һ˲䣬ˮľ뵽ǰΪ֪񻰹¡
Ʒ´ԸĲɷĵز
ˮľ˼Ц˵
ԡ
ҡҡͷ
ҾøǲġŮ洡˲Ĳǡ©Ѿǧٿ׵ľûʯֻԼˣˣάžڱ̫ףҲ˶ѣǧķչͳ˵ڵҪ̽ͱĹˡ
ߵ겻úȥҪôɢҪôɹ»ҰȻı̽ĸԡ
ԣݣ޺޵תԼֻ۵ӵĴߣݡŪꡢӾģȫûʲô³紴ʬ⾡м塣


840 թƭ
ӡʬ⾡񣬽Ӧȥ꣬̽ϡ
ΪôҲھǽǣݣȼתתʱöӶˡ
ԣҵĽ۾ǣݣµĺ֣һߣܲܽеĿԶ㰲ĵҲףһ̶ˮʲôýƷĴͲľҹҪ޺޵ĲתʹݶԸ
һǾͨݵ·üתǧֱˣʬ⾡мֱͶȡɵķУǸô
ЦЦ
֪ԭίӦñҪһ㡣صʼ⣬̽磬̬̫Ľ޲ԣòʱ޸ģǷõĸı䡣ǲ۹Ϊʲôʹûת״̬׼ȷ²⣿ΪܵӰʵ̫ˣ󲿷ֻ壬ʱӡʱͨӦϣԳŵĻֻۣǲߵĻҲͲдֻۡǣתʹõزģԼʩߵʵ뷨ҲӰ״̬أһҩʦͲд۵֪ͫˣ̽磬ΪвĴڣ˼Բһ⣬ǻʵڻģ̬ܵӰ졣
ϣɿվ;˵ʲôʱͻܵ̽뾻ķɡ
ֱӲվֻȨ֮ƣݲҪģôоǧŵļת֮㵽ʲô֣
ݣǿеģֻȻݵĽݾҲǷɣǲָˣҲǴ紵ģҲԣֻҪ鷳һѡ
˵ŵĹóֱ̯һȦģм䶼һġ֡
ӡʲôϵ
жһУɸϲѪ޽硢Ѫ̭ѪҾͲϸ˵ˣҪЩֻҪоЩĶ㹻ˡ
˵ŵĹν⿪ӡһڵ֮׺֮ڵҡ
պͶβõĻ棬ڻݣһǿһĹ֮ǵصԣһǴĻݣһǴĻݡ
֪һͼʹպ֮ʩչǧʧˡ
ԡ
νպ׺֮£漴غϵĲ֣ðһɫĻǣ̫죬˾úǴ
ˮľȻЩɻ󣬻ǿģʽȻȻֿһŻ档
޷Ӧûáףԣ
ˮľĸ֪УͻȻһǵС磬Ȼ󲻶Χ֮׺棬һᣬˮľȻĿ֮£ͽĻһա
Сһ㣬ӡάֲסˡ
ҪǾͨӡ޼᲻ݵĻͽˮľĵʵɸɾˡ
һĻ棬ˮľ֪ôݶĸоʵҲǡɫһŹĻ̬
ǧƺе㲻һ
ʵ̫ˣԼãһ£ͻԼƿء
ɣ
˵
ǧŵļתȷʵΪ괦ͬҪĳ̶ȣʵνġֻҪرķȫڵӡǣͻȻع飬ûбҪ̫鷳ʵÿ
Ҫ˵Լ̽Ͳ֪ʲôˡ
ǧţóǿҽԣΪƷ¶һ޶ӡΪΨһԵʣ̽ὫʶΪͬһһ𣬸Ҫ̫ࡣ
ˮľǰĵĵһ鵵ΪļУʩֻҪٴһӵͬļĿհӡǣϵͳԶߺϲ
š꣬̽ѾɥʧǧֻͶȡɵķƭ˾̽ΪҰ޻Ŷѣ̽Ϊƭ˰ɣ
ֻҪϲݺݾ͹ˣ
㻹ѶȲ󣿡
ǰû˷
βмƲƲ죺
ݺݱٵÿ໹ǲ֮أлȥо飿ң浱̽ûˣ
ȷʵǲҪֲ˳ϸ֮пܽͲд۽Ϊֻۣ


841 й
ݺݣһŵԿףͬʱ߱ߣӵһΪҪ
Ҷ֪ݺǿ󣬵ô꣬ʸֲ
еߣ⡣ݺݵĵͲܹ˽ܵĻ˾ݣĻõˣҲ˵ȻıͼеҽݣӰɽмԼ󲿷ֻݣ֮һ֮ҪѧϰһֵѶȣֱߵ˼顣ܹѧϰݻݣѾǾټɸѡŵõʣñȻʧƫݵʣȻݾԵ֮Ȼ߳ǿʵǿаѹƣǲߡͬʱձȽϸݺݣҲ˷ĳԣô׾ͱơ
ǣΪʲôݻôѣͬһ֣Ӧòôĺ蹵ɣ
жҲ˵ҲûַǴ˼˵ԡ
ĵҲӣ
κһˮɤӡ
ֶȻڱûʲô֣֮УʵǶϵ
Ҫ͵ĻУǽͬһòͬĹ򻮷֣ǲͻĲйϵ
Ϊպ׺Ͷβõ֮ףݻݣ
ǣӦǻݣ
εͷ
˵ûֶǻݣʹͲд۵ͫȻԴԼĵĿдͨݣֳһͫͫȴһݡ
¶ྫӦաӾ֮࣬Ծͺеˣࡢݡʱռһ١
ͬβõ֮ףҲݣȻǻݡ
ǶвݺݵԡӰʺꡣ
ȫ̽˱Ļ˷ֱӦԣôԣͷֱԢ˺Ůˡǹ̽򲻱Ļʯ֧δĿԣֹศɣʺϣ
ָ̧ˮľĸ֪һ
⻹㲻ݣǧŵļתҽ֧ȴΪֻ̣ԼȼպԭģҰ޵ӡⲻǴ죬ֻת߻ʵݵЧ
һŻҲһ
ǵġ
ȷϵ
ת̽ĿӣûǸܲԼʩչת飬ǣ
ˮľԳ˼һ᣺
˼ѹʹģʽһΣ
Ͳľ£һʼͱΪ˵ģģʽҲģʽһ̶ֻ֣Ҫ߼ܶѣӡĲ࡭ԣܻҪ󣬵Ȼһġ
պ֮ףֻǴĻݣںҪԼһ㣬Ǿͨɷݡǧ˵ҪȻΪںϵĴ߻򣬻ôֻ۰ɣ
޷ģʽҲûдͲľһѪ޷гɹġ
ˡԭһʼ·ѾˣݵһѾˣʹûֻۣҲУõĻ
߽ͨжʱ仯гɹҪ뱲ӵʱ䣬ټݺݵУʮ궼ãģʽô
ˮľҡҡͷ
˶֮ӣҲҲǻ˼ʮڵʵĴĿӰˮŸɴֻһӡ
˻õˮ©һûֻ۵ͨԵ»ϰݣҲͨˣ
޵ת֮ǲҲǵʱ֮ǰſֻۡ
ͳôѣ͸ûϣˡ
ڽеһˣ
ͨͰУˮľ̾ϰݵϣˮľôУԼѾкι̵ĻˣҲڶʱѧݲûпܡ
εͷ˫ֽӡȻһ֣һƬӨˮڿСөһƮɢ
ǡ
ҽˮݡˮô
ôˮݣ
ȻÿһԲʵԸļԣȻһԵС
ⲢûиıԭԣˮݺںγɵľݣڳĿӰǧϣȻΪǿע룬ֳ˼ΪԵȻľݡݡ


842 ں
䲻Ѫ޽硢Ѫ̭Ѫޣܹеж
ֻ˽ܿƣĿӰԳնݡ֮ͨжж
ҲˣǿȻĵ
νҽˮݣʵǰ̿УɰɳĿһ˵Ů߾ùǺԣǸŮɰ̲־ݣˮݺҽר˲ţԲܽں
ѾֳɵӣˮľеĻͷˡ
ˮľۺĻҪʵֲǺѣǰֻûע⣬Ҫⷽ淢չʱ򣬺׾˵ͼ߻˺ü飬ʵƣһ¶š
νݣֶȻٽϲ˼ɣѾȷϹˣ
ҲԣʹͨٻһֻԳʬ壬ϲżСڰ
ˡ
ȫĲĪ̬Խ˿ռݵԶԳʬϣֻѾûļһȻʼòƽӡһ㵸֮󣬿³һСˮεСˮˮľԡ
ҽˮݣôģ
ҲûʲôȻΪݲȫʱûа취ڰ򵥵ؽһ£ѾˣǴޣûʲôʵսֵ
Ѿ㹻ˡ
ˮľϲЦ
ֻҪ֤ûдٶȥˡ
ֻԶҪͨȻںϣҪʱ䡣
ʹǸʵѧˣ尴Ͱв壬ҲҪ̵ʱ䡣
ˮľԼʣӦԵķ
ͷ֮ͬȷʵҪʱ䣬ҲʱķʱҲѧѧ˵ľ飬֮ӡ˺ǲҲֻǷֱݺݣȻֲŷӡĴͲľҹбǸӷ
ˮľ˼һ֮Ȼ
ϱˣҲܹ־˺˵Ҳԣ
ЦŽӻ
ͷۡ˺֣
Цˣ
һ뵽ǸʱģˮľҲЩЦ
ܸо̽رں
β޻Ͳ˵ˣŴβںϱʮβķԾ
ҽ˫ħ֮Ȯڣ̷˫ͷ˺ͷǵȵȣҲʼįظһ᪴ߣƺŪԴͲϵһ
֮Ҫ˷ֱ˺ǲȻǺӡͲľҹ
ֲʱ仯ϳѪ޽磬ںϳѪ̭иӸ߼Ѫޣˮľȫ޷ˣҲֻֻдܹʹá
Ҳ˳Ӧ
ҷ£ȫȻٿȵԭһΪѾûϷˣҪֻۡںʮβƬݣҪˡ
ЩֶҲֻǲѶΪ֮·ĺ֡
ԼϣվЩգԼɿ

һ֮̽󣬳˼Ϸ˯硢֮ھħƬǱ֮⣬
Ҫʱвн󲿷ֶҪˮľԼȥ̽ʱҲܽȡ
ڣˮľϽҲûжˣҪһˡ
ݲܣеӵֻ۵ĳ̶ֳȣҲ֪Ҫ೤ʱ䡣
ǣǿһ²ݻݵ˵Ҳʲô£ˮľյҲ벻
׵壬ˮľΪóȻǻݡݺ۶ˡ
ͬݻݣֵʽҲк֣ܶˮľܹοģȻҽͻϷ˯ˡ
ֳɵҽˮݲѣˮľҲе뷨
һڽ̣ܵʥˮ֮Ķɣòͦôµġ
װŪѾЩĵõˮľԽԽС
Ūʲôׯϣ˵ʥʥնħħףͷ潨һڽϵƺˡ
ϸооٰװһ£ƺиͷ
һȼյĲ棬ˮľ˼
֮󣬲μӰĸִž¹ˣ̴֮˵ϢԼ齨̽
Զ˪֮޼ɵسЦ
ʹûŷ⾡ӡβ˳Ƿӡβʱ򣬽ֻһشִȾֳԭΡ
һ
ǸߣҲܸܵǲϢ


843 ׼
̽ôʵĶԱһ˳Ḷ́֯һûץβԷȻͶһǿİ֡
βɲץģҪΪͻȻϮһֲҪϴһ˳ץĻᣬϲˡ
ץ˶βľˣȴʧ˷ɶΣ˵ǲ߻ռһˣһѾó£һ϶ֵõġ
ԭܹøãȴΪ⣬ԼƤӵˣҲʵ̫źˡ
Щ鷳ˣ̴ѾЭ飬ϾҪ齨ַˡֻҪȸĴ飬СҲ׷ӦѾ̽繫ˡ
ɢڸİ׾̽µ鱨̬Ϸ׾֪
֯δĮĵĽǶȻһԲȻ뿪Լȥˣҩʦæʹûŷ⾡ӡβ޲֮ҲĬĬʧֻи޻һĸЦ˵
ΨһĺϢǵҲ֪µĸݵ齨Ҳ޷ʲôΣ
˵꣬ƺЩԼķԣ׵ǲͷʾһ£Ȼõ֮ӰҲʧ
ִǰжĲԣܸо̫ˣȻ˰βħսҲ㹻͵ӲӲ˰ɣ
ƺָ˵
ңǵĸݵأĲᱻ֣
Ȼİĵ磬ҲѱҵʲôȻɱһˡ
ǲʲôң
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Ȼ࣬Ҳ˵ĵķϻ
㣿㻹ˣǵȻ㣿˭ûһܣħڵصĲ֮ȷʵûôˣ
Ǿ˵Ѿ˷ˣ
ǲüͷûмƽϾ𾴵Ļ
ֻҪϣҲֻǳ飬˵ǵĵ»أʵйߣֻʱǵ˭ֱʣҲʱûи̴˼Ժ˵׼ˣսôҲе㷴Ӧɡ
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ǲԥ˾ͼذʱˣһЩСֶҲûˡ
ǣҺܲǣ֪Ѿ¶ˣûиҵ˼
ڲѾˣ
˵˵Ҳûʲôˡ
սʱƿеĵˡ
пܵĻǲԲ;ĹϵŪ̫ʱһԼе˲졣һﲢԼ˸ǺϵԣӦѾ˵ǲ߰Լ߼ӵӶѣΣյĲԼԼ޷ѵӡǲߡ
Ҫȥս𣿡
̽ʵ
ǲҡҡͷ
ûбҪˣӰʱֱȥˣǼȻѡץβޣ˻ᣬǾûбȽЩԼ׳ɵˣսǿͷϷ
̸ϸ֦ĩڵС£ħ񣬻ֻβ޵ĲβöԸһ㣬սҲֻǲԳֲȫİգܹҩʦȫΡ
ȥҩʦú̸̸Щ׼뿪ʼǰˣ
ֻ۵Ͳд۵붼ҪȫӳĻûˣֻ۲Լսڵ˾ʹһֻֻ۵֮ǰռ㹻ɾʮβ鷳ʹˣ澳УܻΪѹյһݡ

ľҶ壬ˮľԸִ鱨ԤϣһӵѾûа취ֵ֯ϮˣҪʣµβޣҪЭС
İβѾĴĿӰһȥβ˺βߣܱ⡭
Щɵ˵
ڱľβûȫӳǿβûа취óβЭ˿ٳɳ㹻Ա
Լô
˵ʵڻ飬ʵб¶ܵĿܣĳ̶̫룬ܻΪԺľ
ѶҲϵһ֣¶޷ìصĸ̴Ҳ޴̸ˡ
ȻѾ˾ûбҪִˣֱִо͹ˡ
ôľ޹굺Ѿˣһˣ
ֵͷ
УһЩĹѾҪָˣǰ飬ظһ黹ǲѵġŵ߰ǰ֮ʱȻʹ߽Ӧ


844 װǻ
ʲôʱ
ľʵ
βߵ˾ͳ
ˮľһĬؿŸ
Σյĸ·Ҳж߰ࡢ˵˼ʲôΣնҪˮľʱռܹβսҲûʲôˡ
ôˮľʱûиĴ㣬ֻҪӰһսӡͲľҹˡ
ζ̻һֱûˮľʲô£ˮľ˲õԤУҲ䵽Լͷϵᳬ鷳
˶뿪ֻ֮иֺҲȻˮľԸš
Ҫʹֻۣ
ԼĻˮľЩ⡣
ƲʮβֻеĹϵĻǱҵ˵ڵأ׽ǣ齨̽Ҳֻܱء
ˡ
ˮľ֮⣬û֪ħĲأʹ֪ˣҲпֻܱͨת뿪ҪǼҲֻ۵ĻͲһˡ
ֻǣѧէֻ֣ۣܲӰħҲδ֪ңֲֻۣɲʲô˶ġܲסĻֻᱻֻ۳ɲװʧȥѡ
˭Ϊֻ۵壿˿ɲң
ȻѣҲòˣ
ֽŽ͵
ڼǱһˣԭìصûⲿѹڲìܺһЩ¶߽⡣
˶̴ӰԶ׿ʶ̹ĵĳ޾ȫʮۼһ𣬾һҩͰҪǴãԼҪòɿ
⣬֪ѡ˭

Ҳǰ˵
Ҳǰ
ˮľһ
ȷ
ôҲʤΣ
˵Цˡ
ˮľæڰ֡
ĵȻǺ£Ҳ̫ΣˣðķգľҶ塢̽綼ʲô¡
ҲЦЦ
ҵȻأʵҲʵˡҲҪʹֻսֻҪҵ˵ڵأֲƬ֮󣬴Ŀ̻

ˮľȻ
ֲֻֻۣ˲ֻħ֮ͨԼҵ˵ڵأΣգֻĻͨҪ󼫸ߣҲڶʱϵħ
ôһĻ̽ȷʵҲҲӾͨͨѡˡ
Ȼ͸ִѾˣҸʲô
ֲֻۣ֮۾òˮľиڳˮľͲðŪˣҽûбóˡ
Ҳˮľļ˵
ҵħӦܹʤΣڶʱ׼ȷضλ»ҪͨʱռĸЭ̽ΣѾȻ˰ɡ
ˮľͷȫ޷ֻҪյĵطˮľûв·ǵġ
Ҳ˼ףֲָ֤ȫˮľҲҵ˵׼ȷڵء
һ㵹ǺѣֻҪҲͨħʱ򣬷ſԼϵˮľķӡˮ׼ҵħ׼ȷص㲢ѣʹûгɹ
ˮľЦŵͷȫûзաضɹ
֪鱨ˮľֻҪӣȻ˳ƽħͰ׾ŵڵ͸¶ȥˡ
ʲôʱ׼
㣬ȻϿʼ
Ҳ͸һЦ
ˮľ̾һԭ׼ȥеģʱ䱦󰡣Ҫ໨ʱˡ

һܵʯңҲڷӡ룬ϸŲӡĵ֡
ḻĸֽȷʵˮľҪˣֲһֻ۾ûл̫Ĺֻ˿ڡҲӦֻ۵Ĺл˲ʱ䡣
ˮľҲչӡΪ׼
ֻۣһ˴ѹȸУžһֱѹսļʮ갡
ּһҲ״
ϻ˵ҹζ࣬ҪûˣͿʼɡ
ǺáֻЩǶȿ㣬Ѿþûйˡ
컬ࡣ
һѽҿҲϵķӡҲû˷ʱ䣬ȫĲעֻۣڤڤеϵ
ˮľû˵ĵ٩æչӡҲϣſռ֪̽Զħ
ҵˡ
һƬãĺڰУҲ˷֡
ȵȣãһֻֻ۵ӵ߷ҵĶȨ˱ˣҼֲ˶ãˮľһ㣡
ؼӴ˲ӦҲе˵
ϡ
ˮľڴӦ飬Ȼ׼ȷ˶λǺúøһֻʮβ֮ϵ
ԼҲħƬ˵ʲôʱҲЩ顣


845 
˵ʵڵģ飬ˮľ˵ʵûж壬ϾԼֲֻۣҲȥʮβ
ʮβɱ⣬ڣˮľѾˣ֮սʱʮβսӦҪ½١
е׼Ѿȫ͵ſ¹˭ˡ
ֻۻģսǻѪĺʮβɷָϵؼʱ̣˵ó
һƬƬãĿռγɵˮľĸ֪д˷֪˶ãһȻĺӰǰ
ʮβĲ
ˮľʷܵǿĲ޷Ҹһȫ޷ѹȸС
һ̧ͷĸǽһԼվǽǣŶ˵͸ѹƣһе
ԽǿߣԽܹᵽֲǿеľسߣܵӰء
֪ν˶Ϥһе۹֮󣬸ܹεĿֲ
νʷĹһ̣ˮľ̵ᵽˣ̽Ȩֶܾʮβôһ˾Ĵڡ
ʮβԲǼ򵥵ľŴβħ֮͡
ʮβ;β֮Ĳ࣬Ⱦβ֮ͨĲ໹Ҫ
ѹֽƾʮβһ֮Ϳ֮׳٣̽磬޵еġ
ֻǿϵĲ࣬Ѿ㹻ѹ̽ˣֻд۵ĸ̽ϵһ׸
ƵĻûϣˡ
ڣʮβȻǿ󣬵ÿһ־Ŵβ޵ĲʮβʧԽࡣ
ˮľھܵʱһˮľ䡣
ûҵˮľٲ㣬Ҿͼֲסˡ
иע֧ԮҲĲȻ󵽲˼飬ûãͿҪΣյľˡ
ˣԵȣеԶ˷һʱ䣡
ȵˮľҲɫԽԽףѾûһ˿Ѫɫ֮ڿ˵
ˣˣͣ°ɣ
ǳɹˡ
ͷۻҲˮľĻʼСĹӦ
˱ҿǿˣڼסˣŬûа׷ѡ
Ҳο˵
ֽűҲȻ󽫾зӡִá
Ȼָһһ㽫۾
תͷˮľʵ
ص
˪֮ϵķ£ܲң
˪֮
üͷشĹң̺һصĺõطڼСͱԭİΧ֮е˪֮Ϊ䣬Ҳ̫ʺ̾ж
֪ˣᰲ㹻ȥ̽顣
Сһ㣬˵ҲΪǿ󣡡
ʮ׾ǰҲһ鷳
·ĿӦòǺܴڵġ֯ʵӦñԭһ㣬ԭռβ޲ħ㡣
£ǲӦòգ̽ڼ̴ϣǲ߸ҪֽţʵǲûǸʵƽơ
һҪҪȥ
ˮľͷһΣӿͷ
ʲô񣿡
һ֮󣬲˵
֮һĴѾˣǲһûջأ
˵ضͨԼ
û
ֵͷ
ͨʥصĴвܶʧҲˣΨһпܺضϵҲʧˣǱºͰ˴Լ
ˮľĬȻ
ȷʵһͨʥصĴУôӶΪ
ȻΪˮľĹϵľҶѾһԼģʽУ˭ҲӶ࣬ضôʵǿͨ޾ߣʵɲİˣȻôߣֻҪǱľҶΪоǴɹˡ
֪ˣֻеѰ
ضľҶľɽʪЩһȻضֵö߲ƣϸ˵Ҳֻǵԣʵϣ԰Ϊ׵ض̽һֱģٺ̫̽ܵĹϵ
ȻЩΣգڣܹɳȥҲֻˡ
֪ضĵص㣿
ҡҡͷ
׼ȷλò֪ڻ֮ı߾ûͨԼϵҪΪΣյĿռȣðűʱ֪ռķգִܵض
ʵֹضͨʥضȫ岽УһҪµʱƹռԹЩ̽ͨʥء
Щǻıɲʲô˶ܽȥġ


846 Ѱ
ΪһЩռ룬ô϶ЩͨʥصӴġ
Ҳ˵ʱľɽǲ⣬Ҳֻд֪ˡ
ҽˡ
ˮľͨʱռԿռ䲨ΪеߣҪضʵ̫ˡ
ϳ𣿡
㣬һҪڽ˴Ųҩʦ֮ǰ£ضͨޣ̽սʱ򣬲ҪΪǵĵˡ
֪ˡ
һˮľǺܵģʵϣԭҩʦȻҵضҲڰѧȻûлضͨ޴У˵˶Ѿ˦ȥ֮֮Բ̽Ĵս
Ҿȥ׼ˡ
ʱ䲻Ǻܻܽ˷ˮľһʱ䣬Ҫ鰲źܷ֮ĳ
ң֪Щ֪̽һЩܵǻô̽ˣˮľߵʲô̬ȡ
ʪֵˣԼʱûʲô̬ȣûзˮľ쳣Ǹɴ಻̫ģˮľͲˡ
ҲһûᣬЩǧǻúýһ¡
̸£ĻˮľҲһЩһǵжǿڼΪʥءĹ֮ʲôֵýĵط
ͨԼֶֻǸͷԭͶ̽ضľҶ֦ܾĿԲ󣬹ؼˮľͰ˽ĳɹ
ڴ
̽绹ˣҲͺھˣһܸˮľʲôмֵ鱨ʹУˮľҲŲ֮£ЩѲͨʥأýˡ
ľɽĴҲһѡ񣬵ܿԶŵʱ򣬺йΪеĽӴǰֲϲļһˮľθڡ
ˮľ״̬ѵҲ˸к֮󣬾뿪ˡ

壬ǻűβҲûĴĿӰȭ
Һ徭ǧȣ˵ĬѾܵУܹȸеʹֲƣҲֻĴĿӰܹˡ
ȻӦһϵǣ֪Ϊҵ㵽׻˶ٹ򣿰Ҷˡ
ֳ֪ǡ
Ѿľش
ľ˱ץˣҵֳһܹ֧Ԯϧߵ̫ˣ
Ȼ֪ǿУգǸ󱿵ȱסôɡ
ѵľѾ
һֵȶ˵ȥˡ
һܾôˣ
ĴĿӰܹľҶͥ壬Ȼһ׷ȷʵβľ˵
ԭռϷ磬̴ΨһһûгԹ֯ģһӾͱ˶ѣضһͿ裬Ӱϱ֪һ
ΨһҵģûȫûٴһسӵĻᡣ
ľҶľββǴӣľҶľβ鱨˵һô׵Сһ֮󣬶̽ʱ˵ó
ǣⲻй¶Ǵѵľ鱨Ҿ޹굺һţ֪ʲôʱܹ׻ָ
Ҫġ
ĴĿӰڰ֡
ڹ˲ôˣѾȥƾ޹꣬þ޹굺콫ֹܲȫѵ֮󣬾̳
֪ˡ
⸣֮ΪһϵϮʧأ̴˳˲١
һЩгͷжڸӰΪ׵ĸ߲ĵѹ֮¶ɲ

֮ƬȻСŻ֮ˮ֮ϵõƣΪˮϽͨҪñؾСΪͨԽԽ
ǰѾ˾ţ֮Žɵġ˴šѾɴϢıؾ֮·۴αȵĽֵԣԭͰСľݣҲһͿ񷿺̴档
ͷβǲֿڲµĻֻʱѷ棬ֻҪߣ̾ͻᱻһռݡ
ССĲ֮ڱ˴ĸ֮أΪľҶıӻˮ֮ҲҪôһҪתŦҲûطҡ
һģеƫϵСջﲻ
ͲҴ˴СˣòҵһĿꡪ׬ǮҴ棬СȫõӪˣ˱ҪУ󲿷ʱ䶼ںؾӪԼ˲档
˶ûע⵽ԶĽϣһʮȤؿط
ҵˡ


847 
ȥԭĴƤ¾ⲻеңߣֻҪ룬̽ľ󲿷飬ûйϵˡ
ֻһǻü޵в֮Ʊػиߵ
ʢĺ֪Ǳֶı裬ο̥о־¡
̽ЩȻȤȥ鷳ļһҲֻбˮľԴĿ¡塪Ҵ壬µȤ
̽ӿƵ̽磬ͬʱ˳ˮľ㼣ĵѰҵ꣬ڲ֮ҵԼȤˡ
֮µǰΣЩ꣬ǵһκúõؿѾ˷츲ر仯ĵط
Ľֵһֱҹʱ򣬲Ž
ᣬºúõؽ̫Ľֵһ£·߷ζʳС̯µ㼣
µȻʮӣȴƫܴ󣬶Ҳеǰһʮ꣬Ҳ͵ʱ䲻
ϸ˵ڵµ״̬һʶ㡢֪˺ܶԼ䲻֮󣬱ǿС족ĶͯȻƣȻһ̫Ѱ״̬
Ȼ̥ڴ裬ͺĴѿ
ˮľǰ񻰴˵УӾʱ򣬾аʢŭаʮȭն˼Ӿͷ­ϵѪ䣬о񡪡ף˵һУ˵ͬײǼӾ
ҲǴ衣
֪˱䣬Ҳɲ˱壬ֻһߡ
еļȻˮľԭˮľһֻˮľûнԭˮľļ䣬ԼԼľԭˮľ
ѡԵ׼˲ִм䣬²ڴ㿪ʼ
ǿС˵͵ӰһȻᱻ˵ľȾ֮ͬУԼԲԼǾǵ뷨ʱƣºʹĲԽԽ󣬽Ϊ޹ĸ
ڣҵԼȤҴ壬Ǵ̰ԼĺʹԼŲƾļһǺηʥ
νȺ֣ȴ裬µǾҴԼͬࡢͬиǿ
ڵȵæµĽֵʼЩţ̤·ҫӰӣҴӪĻջǰ
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ǰЩȣѾ˲پòõ˵
Ȼ͵Ŀ̺٣Щӣϴʵ̫ˣȻͷݲļһҲв١
Ҳǿˣϰ壿
ϰ壿
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ֻϧﲻҰĵطһСʵߣУʵڵҴܹͨԸĴڣڳ˼ο֮ЩƦåҲﵷˡ
ӦƸİɣⲻѧͽ
̽Ĵͳֹ֮̽ʦͽУƽ֮ҲУеĵطǸְɺͻ硣
Щ֯һΪŦ߸С̻֯
״еˮľǰŴûᡣ
Ϊ̫æҴ͹ӶһЩ˰æջĹͲǿҴܹ֧ŵĳ̶ˡ
ǣδˣȴɻġ
̽Ȼûδ걣ȴһ׹
δһṤסңѧͽ߸ɴͽЩûõĴżҲʵСΪԼıǼ̳ˡ
һΪʦΪ̽Ȼûĵ¹ۣ֮ͽ֧鹡ڼ̳˲£ʸ̳мҵġ
ԣ̽֯δˣӵϸû˽ܡСӣͲ˽ա
⻹ҪչˣⲻǸõط
ѵҸˣǸˡ
Ȼ¿Լ׺ü꣬ǸؾϹ
˵ɡ
֮ǰ첻ٵҴǰΪʵ
Ҿĸˣ֪С絽ʲô£
񰡣
İԸ֮̾ǰԼǰһ׵굶֮±ɱ
ҴòѾǲԽԽˡ
ҴȻ΢곤һ㣬Ͷ㷴еζҪ֪֪ǲˣоЩϸ΢Ĳ


848 ƻ
ǰһӡ̵ݣ¶ſҴ嶼е㲻˼ˡ
ôʲô֣
ҡҡͷ
ⷽ⣡ֻǡҴɣ
ǵģ
Ҳôƺɣ
ԣ㻹û˵ʲô顭
δʲô뷨
δ̫ңԶˡ
ûжݺɣ

Ҵͷ
ʵ֪Ҳ֪ˣڹúܺã
״ôѱǲȫһ
֪ǲ
Ҵͫһ
Ҳߣ
䱸ӿҴͷ
ýţûж⡣
¿ͱҴСһЩʶȴԶԶҴҪ࣬ȻЩӴɫɫ˺ܶˣҴҲˣԼݲͬѰ
֪ԼΪߵʵҲԼӵедǶô˲Ķ
ˮľҴûǰ¶дۡ
һ뵽Լӵ̽綼ıҴ汾ܵؾҪԼ
û뵽챻һֵСܡ
㵽˭
ⲽ߽СջʮָȤؿ澮Ȼĳ裬һƵ˵
߱ϾߣͨһҲǺȺĴڣһ죬صǵ磡
̽粻аϻ
װֻܸһΧû͵Ϯϻǿһ̨˻һϻҲֻǿиɵķӮļһʲôɾ͸УΪܵķĽʵǲ֪ν
ʾǿսʤ֮ǿߵķ緶ӬӪߵĴ֮
֪˵ʲô
ף
Ц
ҼҵϷҲˣҺ˼
ӵĺģʵĳ˸߶ˡ
ˣö࣬Ժĳɳ
˵˵
ҴɫѿطȴˮľǰŵԼԼı塪ǲӣôȥˣһֱˮľӣȴֻһЩͨ˴򽻵Ȼʣ˵ʲôÿֵУһҲһɵó
һȴûˡ
Ҵıˣ㣬Զ翵ġɼ״̬˾ź
Ҵ岻ṳ̂Ǹ磬ȴշˣΪңΪ롣
һֱչԼˮľԼǲԸģԸԸأҲˮľʧ
ǶΪҺã
ĲпᣬҴûоҲܴӲ˽һ
пܣҴˮľԼȥǸѤ磬Լ롣
ǲǺ˵Լ
ĵĴǹƻ֣»ûı£͸󿴱ʵ۹⣬Ѿ¶Լ׵ǻۡ
ҽ£һߣȤĻԺһͬС
Ҵ壡
һԵߵ䡣
Ҫϵ
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Ҵ嶨˶
ǸҶ˵ĲȤ
ǿϧʶһе㶫͸㣬͵ɣ
һõľᱻµ˹Ҵܡ
ԥһᣬҴ廹ǽؽӹµ
µͷȻʵĲת뿪ʧҹɫС
һġ
ıӰЩضҴ˵
ҪҪˮľ
ҲҪ꿴ȷʵʲô⡣
Ҵ򿪾ķƤ·ķĴʶ̧ͷȴ쳣

ûˮľ˵֪ⷽʶҴ壬ȴؾã˵ʮʺԼ
ʲô
شչʵ
һᣬ֪ʲôãӦûʲô⡣ѧٸˮľҲøһϲóһʱ䣬ˮľûˣҲ֪æʲô
ǰ
ȻҴ飬Ҳ˵ʲô
֮ǰˮľԼ֮ʵѾˣֻǲԸ뿪ѡ
ʲô⣬Ҫܡ
֪ˣ
ҹɫе¾ĵ߻ԼͶ޵ùݡ
㿴δĿ԰
֮󣬶̽Ѿ˽߰˰˵Ĵ裬ط֣Լĵ·Ѿ;ˡ
һĻᣬܲúã
νΰ漣һпܵԴͷ᱾ĩ飬ǰ˲ٰ
ڵ£̽Щ־ľͽָӸȤ
пܵĻģǽˮľĶһ浽ײʲôɸ˵ܡ
أʮȤĶɡ


849 ̽
Ѿʱߵж൱ģֻһʱ䣬βߺͻ͵Ķ͵ľҶ壬ݵ֮󣬾̤ǰĵ·
֮ǰˮľһζԼĵӡҰӣָ
ˮľѾûʲôö˵ˣý̵ĶѾˡ
ûн̵Ķ̫ΣյĽʺСӣȥѧϰ
ΨһڶСӣʵͻƵҲʱռˡ
ϧˮľȻѾ֮ĸ汾Сӣˣܹһ֮ıսֵʱռôյġ
Ȼ޷ˮľһʹʱռôҲôʱ䣬ǿܹʹʱռֿˡ
ȫ͵˵һܹЯʵʱռֿ⣬İҲǾ޴ģˮľؽһ
Сӣһ̾ߺͲʷʱռֿ⣬ˮľοصͷ
͵ɣʱ䲻ˣȻȥ׼һ¡
ףˣ
ȥɣ
ˮľڰ֣Сӣתȥ׵ԴǣˮľҲûô⡣
ˮľһκľҶһֱӵϵˡ
ڰ˰ָʦְλŮ־ˡȮڣȺ̣ʵˡ
ڰ˰ľ󲿷ڶŮ־˴ɣˮľҲֻϵӶѡ
Ϊ񷱶࣬ˮľѾһʱûеڰ˰ίˡ
ڽڵøĵĵӡҰӣˮľϿŬСŮﵽ˳ʦĳ̶ȡ
̽սΪԭúܿ죬СӣʵѾȾ󲿷ˡ
̽սڼҲûж˻һߵĽ⡣
ԭһͨҽߣһͻȫ淢չȫߣڷӡʱռҲвĺ֮㣬СӣʵһһӡŬġ
˾˵˺ǲͬѾǱʹŲ׵ʵֻҪһܽӡƣȻʵͻͽһļͬСӣջļѳ̶ȣ˺Ҫߵöࡣ
ƵߣҪϾž޵ͬ飬Ψбȿ̿еͬ鸶ŬС
ΨһСӣģˮľ۹ⲻ׵ǿ̵Сӣ˲·
˰ɣһټƾսˣ
ˮľ̾Ϣһ׼ȥԶŵ׼ˣض֮Уôɡ
ˮľԽ̽磬ʱˣʱһϦ̣ȴѾ˽ӡλȨصĴһһӰ̽δĽ֡
пܵĻˮľһ׼ѾʱѾɲˮľ˷ʱˡ
ض֮Уǳʵ֮⣬һҪˡ

֮֮ԶһشһŲͬ̽󲿷ֵطĿռ䲨ˮľĸ֪档
ͨʥأŶĵطɣ
޶Դ쳣ױ˺ԣ˼ͻΣֹط
֪Щ쳣ǿߣ඼ҪҪƽʱæúܣʱеķŵֻĽҰ̽գ
ҵĵط
ˮľСĵطſ֪ϸز̽һ£ȷΧû쳣֮ȻСؽӴɢռ䲨ĵ㡣
һᣬһ֮еͨˮľǰ
ȥ޻ص߳
ֻǸ֪ʵᵽһزɢ
νİˣж˲ɣ
ˮľӡųһͷɫĳƮɢͫҲ͸һ˿һ졣
Ϊ˰ȫˮľȿģʽȻ黯ȲǰƬ֮ʧ̽硣
ˮľֻоǰһΡ鸡ʧȥһƯڿУΧһƬѤ֮ɫˮľֹ
ûˮľӦͻȻ͸оһᣬһʰ쵵ĺˮľ
ѤʧǰһƬʱвĿռ䡣
ղţǻ
ˮľĨһѶͷ亹ԼĻ㹻ߣһִڹؼʱΪԼΧ
һƬֵ沼Ų壬ͿһЩʱͻƱϵĿռ֪ˣȻۣȴ޼᲻ݵ
ȶűĳˮľСضΧЩδ֪Σǰһһضķ򿿽
ƬûʱգҲûпռԱȵĻУ֪˶á˶Զڣǰ¶һͬľɫ
Ӧþˡ
ˮľ¶һ˿ϲɫӿ˽µĲ


850 б޻
һδεĿռϡʵصĸоˮľһƬ̹
ضĳƺû˵
ĳЩطΪĳЩϰϺ񻰴˵еġЩƣǵ³Ѩһĵطȷʵڡضĳƺ
ͨİȴһЩĪĹԣõܹ¿ΧĻ
ˮľﷱïľɽͬЩ¡
ÿ߹һξ룬һϢļ̳һĶѨڣЩĵط
һ·ˮľûзԼԼ˼ûС
֪ԼƶԼûΣգԼС˰
ģʽˮľɢԵȻϢôش˳ѨȻŲʣʵ⡣
˵ԼǴŶģҲûкЩ桱󶯸ɸ˼ֻ˹ľ棬²ЩһԼɣ
ˮľɵ裬ȻĬĬһԼʱռ
һͨʹò⡣
ͨʥرûиռ֪Ӱͨʹá
Ҳǣͨ飬Щһﻹôͨ鵽̽磿
ѵˮľһ޴ĳѨУ˵ǳѨʵСׯ£һѾ޴󵽱һ󡢲֪Ǵӵϣһֻš֪ж೤ľˮľķ
׾ߵģˮľӡдı塪״ߺƣֻһ޴İҪ֪ٱͬʱϵűͨӻҪ̶ֵ
һ̶ֵ̬İˣƺ֪˻
ľҶߡˣһΪѾЩƻ󵽿ضˣ
ԴӺ̽ġľҶϵ֮ҲһֱŻָϵİҲûй뷨
֮ǰضǸ꣬ƺһϵߡĸ࣬Ȼʵǿ󣬵Ժ᲻ᱻľҶ½ɻ
԰ȻһЩļɣûнҪͨԼǼȴһľҶϵ
ԭ˵еضҲϵľҶ壬Ǿٺòˡ
˵صûзʣʱ䣬Ȼ顣
Сһģս̬ӦԼģʽľҶߡˮľɣ֮̽أϡŹֵŲ
ϡŹʵЩʧ񣬲ˮľҲûЩ˶ǵĴ߽
൱˳һ޴ƾ֣߳ͨԼύˮľ֮ˮľˡ
ԼᣬˮľǶһƾ߸ӸȤ
ôƺ
ߣ
Ŷֻ󣡡
ˮľȻߣӦþԭ֮ض͵ǲߵߡ
˵ߣǰܵĶݣԷЧ
ʵΣ˭˵ˣпⰲŵɺܴ
ڣΪǲûӣûܵľ֮ȴȻúúõģԭǸ£ضľ֣͵Ŵ߲ˣŲõĺ֡
һȺıļһ
ˮľպͨԼᣬȻŰ˵
ˣлͨˡ
ЩС£
ƢЩ̫õİ˲ͷ˵
Ҷ㷴ȤôûԸΪضԼߣ
ǸҲϰһǻʱڱң
ǽСһ
һȦ
̽˭ûܵ˵ļӣǣҲѷЩעĽ֡

ˮľͷһݣǳĿӰǧ临˵˵ĻûдӰ˵𺳡
ȻһȺʼįļһ
˼ˮľȤʵ
ƺҲһ֪ܹԼģʽȻһˡȻϵܵˣضϢأҡ
ؿˮľĺһۡ
ǴӴİܱ֮İɣ˵ҵĵ㲦£û뵽Ͽĺۼ
Ҫһ֣ռ沼õĻˮľǱҲڻռУܹ֪ˮľϵһЩܣֻϧ˻ǵ͹ˮľʵ
˵֮仹вǳԵֵİɣ
Ե֣Щͺͷɮ˶˵Ͽһ֪⣬ҲҺ˵˵ߡ
мʾһԽУ˽˵
Ȼ֪㵽׶٣ҲǸ֪ˣҪõʲô鱨öԵȵĶɡ


851 һԲ
鱨ʽûаաҲûбҪ͵ƴಫ£õһֽ
ضˮľ԰˵жǿ
ܹľɽô꣬Ӧò˵
ܿϧʱ˺Ͷˮľߡ
Ȼֻ̽һ֮ңȷʵǰ˵
Ӫ˲֪ġ߳˭֪жϡŹֵϹ壿
Ҫˮľ׼ֵĽ棬ǲ߸ʮβ٣˭ˮľаպȻһ
ڣǺЩһֱŤʱ
ס
Ťһ£սˮľ˵
ղƺһɱһţȴоˡǲǿΪҽһ£
ɫͫ޸ضˮľͬʱŵĴļˮľ߻ҪһϢӴͷ­洫ݵˮľϡ
ˮľ΢΢һ۾޴ĺ΢΢ʾؿŰˣȴûκν͵˼
еΪʲôΪ֪
˸ɬЦݸԵÿֲ
屾óߣٶһǵسϮǣôܶΧУɱ⡢η塢̰桭ҪҲס
ֱ֪ô
ˮľεسϵ
ȻǴľҶض׵ĲңȻˣҲԣУ˭˵㡣
ˮľ֪˺Ͱ˵жǿԱȹˮľǴ»ֵ֮ǰĳʵҪһߡ
ʵԱȣˮľ޷Ӧԡ
з֮ʹ򲻹ܵĻҲܴ
ʹЩͨʥأˮľҲûʲô˵ġ
ֵ̽ߴ壬ͨʥֻܼӵطá
˺־̽ʱ䶼˸ֻͨķͶ䵽̽硣
ľɽĴ˺ضİˣ̽綼ѡ
Ҫ̽磬ӡԣӣ
ƢЩõİ˵ˮľһᡣ
㵨ǴȻЩ棬ôѹе̰ſˡ
һΪҺܺӦεúܺá
Ҿãδرȵϴ衣ȻʧˣߵȻơ
Ϊұǿ
һ㣬ˮľЩš
һû
˽̽
ʵֶûǿһСѹеĵزǿһһ㡢ʵҲı䲻ʲô
һҵͬ⣬ǻ˲֪ǰ
Ҿ͵ڿ佱ɣ
պ£Ҳֻܶضϲľɽ̽ӰôҲǳɹӣ޵ѹһͷĸоʵڲ̫á
³˿ǹ˵
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ҩʦ˲һʣˮľҪʲôҪǾ̫ˡ
֪ˣûУ
ˮľĵһ⣬ð΢΢һ
ˣ̽ܲȷĴڶôʣ
Ϲ񻰵ʵԣֱϸѯ˵֪ܶˡ
ѵֻģ
ǡ
Ȼܱܿ˳Ҫ磬ľҶϵܣҲ͸¶Щ顣

˳˼һ֮˵
ԭΪѾˣû뵽ǵ͹ˡ⣬ҷһƬ㻹֪ʲô
ضʷ
ⲻܣСӣ㲻Ҫ̫ôߡ
³һĪϢŰ˵ķŭһ㾪ţˮľ
ˮľû¶֮ɫȶһ±ĳ򣬾ͽֶΪļ֮ٻ⡣
Ҫ̫ͳܲסһôʣ
Ҫ˵ˣ͸ղŵ⣬ҾͻûиӦ۵
ǻźҪöԷú˵ôˡ
¼ûʲôأ뼤ŭҵĻ;ɣ
سʷ
ҳ˽һʱĽǴл֮⡣
࣬ı죬ֻ˵˵ѣοˮľЩͬ
˵ˣȷһڽеӵλ̸ֻ˷ʱ䡣
԰˵սˮľȻ⣬ģʽֳַİߣ˲֪꣬ڶԷĵ̣ˮľ治һó
ʹȫβ޻ϿҲһ
ȻˮľȻмְա


852 ת֮ɴ
ˮľҪĲƾУǶʱڸ㹻壬ðܹˮľҪ󣬲ǽԼһŻԵɮˣ׼ǿǿĶ͡
ɷϷ˯磡
ǧ֮⣬ˮľڶɵɷȡ˾Ŵβ޲֮󣬵һνִ˲־Ŵβ޵Ĳ֮ħƬںϣ̽鵽ֻħ֮ϵʽԼģ⣬ܹ
ˮľûֻۣħƬҲʮβοˮľ֮Ϊܸˣ˶ʮβƬڲͨ£治ʲô⡣
һĪս٣ˮľ϶ȻһƬƬѤĹԣϸһȫһƬƬˮľΧ۳һֻʵ֮
ص̳̳޹ޣɲҪҡ
ˮľԵøӺءҺ޸顣
̫ˣľҶߣ
ŭɶİ˴һţͷǰ죬ʼ
Ű˲ӣ˷ͻȻӿҴ̣Ѹײڶ֮ƣˮľĻؽ˺÷顣
ڣô㱾¡ףԡ
ɰʩչ޻ת֮ˮľҩʦʹҰӣûôǿ
ǿҲи޶ȣʱҴ̣Ҳֻٶȿһ㡢һѣûдﵽͻˮľ޵ĵز
ԭӦ÷ǵľ޴ͻȻٴ鿪Ѹɢ䣬ռ䶼Ⱦ͸Ȼûκεֿһ£˽ȥʧ
ǻ̫񡭡
ͷɻǰûˮľǿļһ붼벻˶ʶ٣Σ඼ֱ治ʵ̫ˡ
ڰ˾ɵʱĿ֮أͻȻֵı仯ԭԼƿ֮еضƺʲô˲顣
һƬ˸ʹԵӰ֪ʲôʱˡ
ʹ֮£ʾˣתɣʵɴ֮־߸
ԭӰһâѸţ˶С
һð˸ͷֲʲôСѸĹѾҪа˸ˡ
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ǻռ䡭
ɫͫŵع۲ܵĶֻԭڵĳѸ黯һֵϢΪСɳ
ʹûıȽţȻտʼôѸ٣Ȼûֹͣ˼
صǣ˵ͷ˿µҲһЩģˣԼϵƬһֵʴԵЩ
ⲻǻ
̧ͷĪֵˮľӰ
㣬ʲô
ˮľЦ
̣ضɣҺΪѰ
˵ƣˮľɲ
ҪƻضǾһС
Ѿˡ
ˮľͱ޴βɨУѸƣͼˮľ顣
Ҫܵ磬вгȻҪߣԡ
һصҾ˴Ӿ߲Ƶѹ֮ҽһץס˰˵ĳβһȦ֮͵һңȭͷ
¡죬İͻȻһ̯
ûܲģһѪڵĽɣ
Ϸ˯ȻΪû㹻֧ţֻһȶİƷˮľлĸɾ֮ǰضϡ㹻ˡ
㻹Ϊһе񣿡
Լһ¡
İԶˮľĵطҾˡСɲΧȻϤһнʧʱѳƿصԤС
Ѿضˣôģ
ǰһУˡ
˵꣬ˮľҾȭҪٴŰʹĳ档
ȵȣҾûбҪսˣ
ջ׼ŵİ׼֮ƺͻȻ뵽ʲôӵؿˮľ
㲢˵Ԥ֮ڡԣӦǧǰûн飡
รڿϺúø˵ˣ
Ȼ
˵̬ƺͻȻ˱仯
ȻľҶߣӦòһġôЩ飬֪ƺá

ضﶨλʲô

ƺϡ
ȷʵУղȻ˼·ͬʹضĳһġ
ΪʲôΪҺ˲һ·ˣ
˵ͷ¶һŹֵЦݣ
Ϊ˵ͬ׼ûбҪΡ


853 ˾ռ
˵ĻóصˮľҲɵһ㶡
ظָʲô
û˵꣬ˮľͻȻ
ָ
ȻҪȻҸ˵ʲô
ƺԸղ·ЩڻϲˮľԻ󲻽ӡ
ҵ׼ࣿǾ˵׼ܹȥıӻ֮أ
֪óĳ룬˵һ㡣

ˮľûİˣǵͷ˼һ֮ҡҡͷ
ҪѾ֪ˡ

żˮľֽ̻۵İ˿ߵĻҲɵ˻ȥ
ȻûˣǽŴ򡭡
˵ŵˮľٴλҾȭǰ
ȵȣô֪̽˾Բ֪ߡǲǴľɽ֪ģƭҡ
ԣǵĸ֣ҲֻﹶӲдˡ
ȭڰ˵ĲֵĻ֮Ужȥ˴룬ʣµҲֻðͷ­΢ζһ¡
ҪȥҲ޷ǵʵɲһʱֳܷʤˣʱ䣬úĸмֵ
รɺǰӲ̬Ȳһ°ضһ㣬Ǻô
ʲô
һӡ
ضҪˣֻ΢һ֣ûӰ죡
ǻܺĽթʮ㣬ǻ˲֪õϹ

˲мһЦ
ҸǹɣֻıҸѣ
Ҳɣ
ˮľҲ̫ࡣ
ԸչʾʵҲܹ˫ĺú̸һ̸Ļ
Ȼǽ˰ɣ
˳һ
ض֮أûһǿ֧㣬ɥʧ˶̽ӰҺΪѵġ
˾ͲˣҶûȤֻ֪һЩ飬ȷһԼĲ²ѡ
²⣿˲˵ǣղ˵֪˵ĲãҲǲ²İɣ
ˮľͷ
࣬ƲˣϾ̽Ҳֻô󣡡
ǰֻ̽ô󣡡
ƺид̾һ
Ҳµ˰ɣǰ̽硭һǽ̽ɡǰɲӣϧ׳һȥˡ
һʼȥˣڹòãҲһʣҡ
ˮľƳһ۰ˡ
ռȫˡ
Сӣ㻹˵ضȷʵǴӣ븴յ֮һ壬ȻֻĬĬ沨еһ쵽
Ҳͨһǿ󣬵Ҳֻò磬޶ʵӰıԵ
̽βϵ䣬ܹϹ壬Ѿ൱ѵˡ
ضͨߣڿûʲôΣ
Ҳ䵽أܱܲøö˵׼
ˣһǧǰûʸ֮Ȩˡ
Ȼ֪㵽֪٣Ȼ֪Ҹո˵Ļ˼ҵ͹ˡֻƬƲһЩŲɣǻۺյ鱨Ӧ÷ͬСɣ˵㽻ҲǺ£Ӧòûô
ôá
ôܸܲң㵽׷ʲô
Ҳǽ׵һ֣
ˮľȻطʡ
ˡ
ոջ佱Էİ˶ʱòᡣ
ҵ£ֵİɣѵͲӦúҹϢҲҵһְɣ˵֪ģ֪ģֻӡ֤һ¶ѡ
ðɣ˵Щ
ԥһˮľǵͷ
Ҿֱ˵˵ˣ·Ǽÿõɣ
ˮľĽͣͫɴ
ıˣ˲ļһ
ɲǿǾ׾ٵ˽ľܡ
̽缸еﶼ˾ռߵȻڻ˳һǧпɲ
ʹǿķӡ񡤵ر֮ǰ̽ûġ
˼άä㣬̽Ͳע⵽ϵʲôΡ
ǰ˹̹ûܵĽٴҪ˵٣ٷһҲ᲻ۡ
ûбҪǰᣬûгֵĿˡ
ο̽˺ʮβڵĴ˵ǲĶȷϡ
ҲֻǽЩ꣬ŽףЩǶǵ񻰣ǿѨ硣
ʹ佱Ҳʲôô
ˮľνʼ磬Ա˵޴󣬵Ѿ֪ôˮľôֲܷˣ
ǰֻûⷽ˼ѡ
һҪཨһ֮̽ıҲֻ˲ܶõ¡


854 ֮
̽ôط̽ͶͬҲᱻ𲨼İȫ֮أ
ºڵİϷԲˬ
ƽȴңɼȲ漰ҲǸ߲ʣ㹻Ϯǿߡ
Ҫǣܹ̽ʩӰȴֲ¶ݣ㹻Դ̬ط㹻ܹӻ㹻ˡ
ôɸѡĻ̽ѡĵطûжˡ
̽½ôطɽֵľҲӲոҲأ໹ûнӶӻĵز
ͨʥȻнԹ˲Ͼǣ£
Ȼ֧ŵľһõط̽İ֮Ȼϻû͸Ҳ㲻Ļˡ
ϣ״̬Բϡ
ʺϸɱĵط
˷Ҫıӻô̽罫ɥʧֻصĹܡ
̽һģˣôôΪ̽ӵȺ
ųЩֻ֮һطˮľҪ˽⣬ȴ֮Ҳ볶Ϲϵĵط
һȷӡʮβǡħĵطͲľĺᣬĴͲľ˵ľסء
Ͳľҹ£ѪͳȻȷʵǳ׵׵ˡ
ļ両ͷˮľԺж˵Ĵ㡣
Ͼ׳̽磬ͲòĴ㡣
ӡħķǣ˲ħֻһ޵ǣûʲôвܹõĵطв٣ΪʲôҪѾ˼ӡϵ
ôӶ˶̽Դ
һٵ飬ԸСС˺̽ĸҲҪôԵɣʮֵζˡ
дͲľȥػѾ˼ºأ
ĴͲľ°¹ʣ˵˭ˡ
ȻԤԵⲻͬͲľĺˣȷʵߡػֽߵݡ
̽Ѿ䵽޷ȣǿӶ̽ԴȻµľסء
ͲľȻƫˣȷʵΡ
ػߣҪأҽʺĻأͲľһ൱ڧĻ
ֽߣԺηԸͬھƣ̽ģƾ͡Ͳľһ׷ɡ
һ뵽дͲľһɵתۣھԵĹϣֻۻҪǿ󼸷֣ˮľ
ͲľĺᣬŵĽɫĻġ񡱣˵ĺᣬΪƹġˡ
ˮľǰк֮ܶ˵񻰣˽ֵģûȫĴˮ뷽ۡ
֮ȣˮľһЩĿѧ롣
ңҹеǻиָ
ŷĿѧңҲΪֻ͵ĺᣬӣȻڵϢģǶһ޶սء
񻰣Ŀѧ룬ҹյԡ
̽磬һδؾͲʵ
̽޷ȣô죿
ããƬޱߵġ󺣡ȻҪһۣϣȥһ˾֮أȻ͡Ͳľһ壬ܹҵ̽磬ȻҲһУȥһ԰롣
Ǿô֮ȣֻǶ֪һ鱨СȻ̫Сˡ
Ϸ˯롰֮ۡĸʵ˵
ҲˮľΪһҲͲľһ峹׻֮̽ҲŹϵҴߡ
ǻǧ֮ǰ뵽ķˮľǸԸѡĵ·
ӡģĴͲľ£ڼΪ㰲ĵߣΪˣ׳٣ȷʵˮľЩա
ˮľƺ²ߣѵúƵ˵
ǲǾͷ˴
ˮľջ˾޴һϷ˯ȻûнҲͣ˻ŵͷ
ǵڣֻǴЩǰôͨɻˡ
һյķۻأҪ㹻Դά֣ʲôǱ޵ħṩ㹻Ķˣ
ǧԽ෱Ϣ˶ӻϣҲﾡá
㻹Ĵû뵽ҽ˳ҵض֮󲻾ãͼ֤̽µĳ浮˾ž޵ˡϹʱҲĬĬţֻҪزۣԻΪصĴȻҲ̫Сһ㡭


855 ȷ
˵İҷһߣڵķչ̽ʱڳװĿԲ
Ȼܷܶ࣬ϵĴͲľ˹ע̽ʱѾԺˡ
˴Ͳľҹĺƽ٣ȵطչôܹ꣬ϵĴͲľ˵вĿԺܴòˮľ̫ࡣ
Ҫ飬֮ս׼Լλá
ԼѾ˾صĵزһжʧ󣬻صˡ
ڿˮľ˵Ĳгͻǿ϶ģûеԵĵز֮仹ǵҹϵ
Ȼ̬ķչǾ˵׼ˡ
ʱЩһߣˮľͰˡѺáĽҪȥģ˹עصе㲻һ
˶ԴƵķչԶŵܸо飬ˮľϸ鱨жϸмء
ĵһ⣬ǲѾˣ⣬ҿԽ֪ȫ㣬ǲǶˣҪԼжˡ
ȻҪ֪ʲô
鱨ȻҪ̸Ȼû취ȥˡ
һϢĽҲҪ鱨ֻ㽫ͨԼύǲˣҿõһԼߣϧûдӴϻ㹻ܵϵ߾ˣ
һ޷֤ҵǽͨԼύӰôţͲҵˡ
ûйϵֻҪҵ˼Ӱ㹻ˡ
ͬˣ״ɡ
á
صͷҪİʵҲûջˡ
֪˵һ޿ɺǡʵֻҪ֪һЩĻģ϶ͷơ
ǣ
ûضľɽʪ֣ʵܹ࣬ǿ޸̽ͷͬ٣Բʲô¡ȴΪһЩرɲò
ˮľͷԼҲ֪ˣϸȻҲûбҪʵס
ʵһǧǰǸܵˣǸȷʵѾˡţֻʣһ˿;Բ̽ӣ޵Ĳת޵Ĳתֵʵ̫ˣ
Ѿô
ˮľȻһ㵹ϡ
ϾɣûҲֻ̽ײһ֣κζ־Ҳûʲôֱ
˵һ˿̽תĸĻΨһĿܾ˳Ű޺޵תõһЩֶѡ
ǲ˱ˣӳҲͰźõģʹԭԵĺӵĲת֮һִͺͷӡڵĴĿӰˮźоεĲֻ࣬˵İŸ޶ѡ
ֻҪһͻ趨õĳһͰתһ˿ߵһǧǰͰźõĽ֡
ֻƽһŲȻ˵˻š
ĿܣˮľҲֻҪ˰Լȷһ¶ѡ
ҵĴ𰸻⣬ô˵ڶɣضʷЩܸ㣬ңҪ֪ҲЩɣ
ร㻹Ǹ롭
ѾôǰˣҪǲҶҪˡ
ȻմˣԲ̫á
ˮľڳĻðһ
ĶԱʵʤһҪûȱ㣬˵֮Ҳˡ
˵̶˼ڡ
֪ģЩνͨޡʥءҪʲôɣ
Ҫǻ⣬ҲǿܣҪʲô
裬֪õ
УҪ̫ͻˣ鱨ֵǮ
Ȼˮľʱµ飬Ҳ֪ԭĴ裬мĿܻٴθһҲǰ϶ԭдܹ飬ˮľҲͲҪ͡
ʵĴ裬ӵ־ȻᰴˮľԸжļһֻҪػɣͲԼסˡ
ûбҪˮľ϶ǲȥһġ

ƺûоòף˼̾һ
Ҳ˵һﻹû͸ܹȹ鱨㹻ˣ
ˮľüͷԼˣһﲢҪˮľԳֻ֣ȷϴ״̬
ӲļһֻҪһ϶Ҿͷˡ
ҵĳѾǸˣԸǵҪʲôɣ
Щթļһһע⣬ܾͱǸˣˮľòԼ˸ѡ


856 ȡ
ռϷ֮ĵ⣬¶Ц˵
еͨʥأ֮Ŀģ϶ֻΪ˹Ӳдһؽ԰Ŀġ
һˮľ޷ϣԵӿ϶Щдǻ۵˵Ŀ꣬ˮľ˼ϣϷ˯磬Ϊ̽磬Ͳľµۣ֮ΪѰµļ԰Щֲͨʥô
ת븴֮İߣһʼžԸضǰȻǿ󣬵Ҳûдﵽž޵ĵزտʼʱҲһֻ֮Ǻرӣ
˵
ˮľüͷĻЩϹʱĴһ˵һȺ𹫷˽ļ档
룬ֹͨʥأеͨռ䣬ʵࡣ
ô
ˮľͷһξãǲҪЩ͸ļһﳹɾźá
漴ˮľЦҡҡͷ̽Ȼġ
߾ȫ̽άͨϵϧʹһЩǳֶΡ
˵ľɽĴʹòͬǿĴĿӰˮŵĶӡ˵ĸʵĻضĴǵֶμֱǴֱһ壬Ūӡֶֻǽ൱ʱӶѡ
Ȼ֪ЩһıʶӲû뵽Ȼļһ
üܻ߹ЩһֻһȺ̽ûʲô׵๷ѡ
ȻǵĴڣȻҲһЩףЩάǴȣֱֵһᣬҪȻҲȡĲˡ
ȿάֶ̽ӰӶƳٶȣҲǶֵ̽Ļᡣ
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̽Ҵҵ󣬱ܼӻӻ˺ö꣬ȻžĿܣĻ˴ɴźһ֮ʲôе飬ĺ֣Ϊı㡣

ˮľͰҲһЩ̫Ҫ֮󣬾ͽһ
ֽɷϷ˯ţˮľƳһһƬǽض֮󣬾ʹ÷֮뿪˸оĵط
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857 
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֮ˮľֱȥ˻Ӱ칫ңֽ˰˸ͨԼ֮ˡ
ȻˮľҲҪָǲΪԼ̳ߵԸˣͲˮľˣĵ֮߰ͲڴЩ鷳ҲˮľͷϣҲܣԼ鶼ô࣬ѾûЩˡ

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죬ˮľСȻΪˣ
ѧУһһȵıҵԣǿ飬ҲһͨչʾĻᡣ
ľҶЩǣһֱϲϷԴͷܲ߸ĸԽ̵İɡ
ѧУĿģ޴չʾ߷òСӶѧϰȤĹܡ
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ÿʱۿӱҵļҳ٣²ؼֵҲܶࡣ
ˮľСΪ˶֮⣬ҲȷʵӴһص֪ʶʱˡ


858 
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뵱ߵ־ѾܵˣʹûУɲһԸȥϦߣ

ˮľҴһ㶣ǰû̫࿼ǹĸܡ
㲻Ը⵱𣿡
ҴϣɫЩ˼ش
ҲǲԸ⣬ֻ̫鷳Ļˡ
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ǣҪǲߣ׼ô죿Ժͼˣ
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ȻԼѡ񣬵Ҵļңл˺ܶ˼ĵطȻЩᡣ
ˣæԼİɣһе飬ˣ´뿪ʱˡ


860 
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ǰ㻹˵
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Сˮľǰ
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ܹ֮صغͨ˴һƬ룬ջʧˣ
ˮľʵЩź˵
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ٴıҲ󲻹Ĺ˹򣬵׻оԵġ
ĿӰǧǲ˳Ӧʱ˶ᷢչһĳ̶ȣȻҪȹ̵򣬾Ϳ⼸ʮƼķչǰǧܺͶҪ֪ˡ
һһ䲢޵ظȨֺϸϵŬȷʵֵóƵ
ϧ⻹ûн
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켣ȺͻҲòԼԣԼצĻΪС˵Ϊڲͬܵż
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ƶ̬ԡ
սܽ⣿
Ȼȥǵһα
Ѿһ˵ˣ


861 
֮ľҶļ꣬ƸһλµĵԱ
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ֻҵһҴߣʵ嶼Ѿˡ

̽ǿҽߵĸ֣Ȼ֪ʵΣյжߣܹʱҲֻ޶ս߶ѣܹڵģֻʣһ㶼֡
ȻͲµе֪ʱ򣬸ֵɫЩȻ
ڵϻӰ֮ǰȻ׼ˣû뵽һμŵı󣬾ȻԽܵڡ
Ҫʲôȥ¹˵һ££ཻ
ʱûʲôˣϵȻ鷳һ˲ʱ䣬ҲǽκˣͨͨڴˡǸӣԼ·ҪߣҪǶġ
ڱˮľҵ֮ǰһ˶ֵͷҲǿػʮ꣬ûоŮӣֻҪһʵĻȻܹúõ
£ҾͬˣҲ˼£еĻѾˣҲͲˣЩóֵĶҪá
ף
ôһˡ
ַϣȻһʾžܵļС
Ҵ壬ҵĽͣҼǵǰѹ㣬ȫҩҪãһкܲ˵ʱ򣬲ҪΪĻش𣿡


862 ׹
ˮľЩش
²ңȫ⣬ڷȫҩá֮ǰ¹ʣҲûᷢ顭
ˮľĽͣȻµʵҲбؾ֮⡣
Ҳϸ֦ĩϺˮľ
ҪʮǰΪĻˣ
ҲЩա
Ȼ֪˽һЩΣյоû뵽ȻѾֵزˡ
ֲܹдۣǿϡеѪ޽綼ˮľϣϷһˣҪ֪ˣ֪ɶķ粨
̽Ѫ޽磬˸ҪϵʣԼƵ֮⣬ֻҪˮľõϸֵĿԾͼˡ
һŴҫͻȻѾһŵһˡ
Ѱ찡
˵߲飬ΪķչѪ޽ҪԽ½ƽߣͨҲܹͨᷢչıӰϸʾ׵Ѫ޽ߡ
ڵʵ鷳
֪ˣ֪ʲô
ǸһҪǲ꣬ˮľԽдɢõǵĻ֪ô롣
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ˮľ
ʱһ⣬Լɡ
£ֻҪӱܡ
ʱ䳤ˣʹûн˵ҲЩĵ顣
һô鷳˦
Ĵ趼ûôţҲˣڻӰǰ٩٩̸ʵǵ졣
˵Ҳְ̫ɣҿǴû˺κˣһֱԼĿ¡ʵ飬Ȼռһ˲ҪĶãûйõ뷨
รǲһҲһһģһĿӰȡҵλã
ס淨ôû뵽
ǰܹôƻùӰѬյˮľȻûһЩԼƵĸȡ֮뷨ʵЩ˼飬ˮľһԼǲ̫Ĵ
ˮľʱֻһǰʵĺľ칫ֱðȭͷ˸һļҾ߾ʹ˱ˡ
ǸʧˣղôҴ飡
ǿŽǰļЦ۾˵Ϲļһұĳ嶯
ˣŰɣ
ҧгݵ˵
Ȼǳ鷳Ȼ
ף˼ǽҴ뾯ָôݣ
ʲôȻֱİŸݣ
ߣֻʹôŶֻҪҴ岻¶дۣ֪ˣǸܵĵط˵ҽ⴫
Ҵ밵
ˮľ
Ȼʵʵ̫ˣ浶ǹսܻܸһ̣ȥЩܿѵҵ밵ȥķ
λȨأԺյľְɣҪȥŵģˮľɲ⡣
ˣĹ㻹ҪúɣҴ塭
ͳſհ׵ߵǼǿƬݸˮľ
һҴģáһŸʹãһ밵ηֶӳҴտ
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ְڰ֡
ҲǶĳͷ
ôŰ
ˮľһ֮εصͷ
Ҳֻˣʱɣʱ䳤ˣ˵иõİ취
İ취ˮľȻİš
ǣһûʵݣûиźѹҴ˵ʵ̫ˡ
ҩʦСıѣľḻ߶ĪûʽֵҲ¶ԺԺҩʦҰʱ򣬲ǶԼĴ˹С
ҪΪһߣȵһ֪ȫ˲С
λΪΪ˵رˮľķֵʱı΢Ҵ̫ƽˣܲܵһӸӹ
ˮľųɳ꣬ûʲô־ˮľ˵ʲôҲὫľҶ
˰ɡ
ȻЩ⣬ҲһƵش
ȵȡ
ֻ䣬ԭֻ˵İ칫ͻȻֳһӰòˮľҲ൱Ϥ
أӦʶʱСӣֺ֪ͨ㡣
Ҳʧʱ
þòˮľǰ
㰡
ˮľܵһ֣Ĳ⡣
ǸԼԼٺΪ
⣬һˮľʵҪʵ̫ɡ
ûвȱֵʱ򣬸ֹҲ˳ˮۣǿˮľͶһЩΣյɡ


863 
ľҶ壬˵̽ҲΪ֮ȻȨƵˣ̽ģȴȻڲ׳Ĵӡ
Թģ˵̽ҵ֮⣬ûбӷˡ
֮˵ҵСȻҲطչڵϣľҶȫûȡ
ӵ̽ǿսΪܣľҶȻĽͲЩСΪһƽϵСŵմմϲôǳ
ǲҪҫԼݣȻؾԼ˴֮ء
ÿ춼ľҶ壬ԼʶľҶ˵Ͳ˸ﵷҡ
ǰɰĵֵ飬ֻһ⹴⡣
еؼʶֻȫӳʮβ֮ǰͲţ̽绹ܹľҶ¡
һεľҶŷḻĹЩ򶨣ԸϡŹֵȽǿȹݵӦ֮󣬾ϰľҶ尲ŵʱԢãÿˮľļ
ʱ䣬;ⶵŮԽԽһͨľҶˣΧھӺ;ļĿˣҲʶЩĬŮӡ
ȻľҶȦкܳһʱҪߣڻ൱˳ľҶ塣
֮£ҴҪ鷳ˡ
һʼˮľûнľҶ壬Ҵ崦ò֮֮ˮľǽ𰲶ٺã֮׼Ҵ⡣
Ҫ¶꽲һЩߵĻֲÿһԼҪľҶĻһЩעʲôʲô
ԼֻһܵƵ֮ҴʱЩʧôҲǳΪˣˮľŵԼɵĻһݡ
ˮľտڰŵ֪ʲôʱܹʵ֣ҴѾˣˮľҲһ㲻鷳ؽһˡ
ô˵̽粻֪Ҫٶ顣
ˮľ̵ò֮һ۵ľҶʽ¯ˡ
ڰһʵΪҴıķǵĺþ֮ӵа۵ΪҴ岻ıʣҴϳʲô֮ıʣڰ۵Ĺ۲֮¶Ρ
ڴţˮľÿЩ飬ȻҴűȥ̽ԭû˵ļ¼νֻҪ֪һ˾ˡ
˵ľҶĴͳҪһĶص㣬ĵĹأˮľôܷϣ
ҪѰ·ľڰΪ沿̫ԣͱ¶߰˰ˣأ벻ʲôر壬治ڡʱĴšסһĿȻ
ȡװͷ֮Ҵʳ¯İˣĿǰֻǸľҶʹãأûôûʱҲûʲô˵Ϊ˱ΣǲҪһȽϺá
ǣҴһ鷳еҪܶࡣ
ߵı񣬾һ׵Ǵ첻ҪҴӦҪһʱ䡣
һʼʱֵúܣҴҲȤع۲źȫͬ磬һһЩסĲôõĺԾͱ¶ˡ
ҹ֮󣬿Ѳ̣׷˵ΪûжٴʱҲжִڣȻҴıЩͻ
ţˮľԣҪ꣬ӣʲôʱŵͷǰ˵İ
ģҲ뵱ߣ
ľҶÿһСӣһԼĿеΣʵԤекܴ
Ҫ̽ģȵȽҪãߵöУҪһýԼ
ͨ׵˵ǵӵԼԣ·ϣǳΪݵĿܡ
ҴھһСһѻûпеûвǿҲûĥ³Լķâһ㷴Ǽ£ÿƲס˼
ѵĻҴߺཱི죬һ̬ȣޱ߶ڲס
ˣԹˣѲߣٹһʱ䣬ӦûرҪʱɱҶ
𣿡
ĺϢҴʱϲ
ǲЩĵˡ
ҪˮľٵߴʦһҪּһ߳ȥëڵļӣս졣
ʶһҪֱľ֮ǰеȫϸ


864 һҶĿ
Ҵ鰵ʱǲ֮
Ԥ֮еһȻűϮķգԼʹǺܴ󣬵߰˳ؽ֮ǵİԱҵľ޹굺
ҪԣǲѾ˵ܶˣ̽Ҳֻûбץˡ
βߺ;βˣһǿ߱Ҳ
βͶβҲ֯ͻϮʷؿСӲͻزˡ
βѣβľ˾ûôˡ
ȻУֻǽβ޵ԿƵľ޴ͨޣ˽Ŵβ޵Ҫԣ̽мܹ
֮£ĵģһԼԥ˺þõ顣
νںϣָʲô
ǲءϺ洫ʯϣΪд۵ĽֵܣͲд۵ĻҲ¶˳
ھ۸ĵʯȻû˵ص㱻󵼵ܣһЩʮֲ뷨
ֻҪ˼ˣȻǰһⷶΧ֮ڵĽ
ǲڼʮǰжϣںϳĿӰǧϸԼһ¥
Ȼɹˣ̫˵㣬òתѰ󸴻ĲȰ취
ʮһͬŴﵽǲĸ߶ȣǿһбĸԴ
ѾǧʱˣܹкͲдԵȵ֮̽Ѿüʮûгֹˡ
Դ˸޷ǲеˣûԼͬ顪Ũ
ȻͲд۾ͲСĲࡣ
ʱûа취ʵʯŵʵԣȻסԴͲдۻʲôӡ
֪ʯϵ¿֮ǲҲȥһƺûʲô֪ˮľʦ
ԥ˺þãԼ岻ʱΪ񣬲ò֮
УһֱҪһѧĳԼҲԼѾ϶֪ˮľӦ֪𰸡
ȴϲĸо
ţʦǰ˵ˮľʦԤѪ޽磬Ǿ޽еİɣ
µĵѾܾˣû뵽ȴ⡣
Ԥ԰
̾һ
Ҳֻˮľһ˵ͨ޵ԴءľɽĴ˾˵Ҳˣˡ㣬ʵڴ˵Ԥֹǡ
˶٣Ȼ˵
ˮľ߼ԡʵҲص˼еģʵ̫ˡ
һᣬȻʧʱزʵ
ʦƺϲˮľʦԤ
϶ģ˭ϲԼ뱻֪ڱΣˮľѹȸ̫ˣȻûж⣬Լ񱻿ĸоʵڲ̫á
ˮľʦôȤζ˰ɣ
ҵȻ֪
ЦЦ
ˮľദˣͻ֪һǺĮĵˣ·ߵʯͷһɣͻ֣ᷢҲĵʱǸļһ
˱ԵͽʷʽôǰѧУѧγᵽô
Щ̶󶮣֪ͺãҪԼС
ͷ
ѹˮľʦҲһЩûжûˮľʦġۻᡢȾʲôģ
˭ûºӵжļһһ
Ȼˮľûô覴õļһȻûȥҲڡ
ܹ鴴˵ˣ̶Ȳһı֢棬ܻԼĵ˰̱ˮľӣˮľҲϲֵļһƽѽҲ֮ءԱˮľܸ䣬ʵڴ
ƲȥЩЩѾд뵵ĺʷƽϮĵ䷶ˡ
ڵˮľƽ棬ҲЩߵġ
ĴĿӰˮŵʱѾȥˣʱҪһµӢˡ
ʵҲǵԡ
˶ˮľгɼˣ֡ľһ̡ˮ׺תСλ϶ףûгõλӰĴ㣬ˮľĿĻᣬľ¹á˵ĻҪö࣬ΪˮľľҶĸƽߡ
߷ʱƽߵ׳ĿӰǸֻζԷڣټΣԵʣ޻˵
һӰĺѡˣû̵
Ⱥ߼峤Щǡ
ûм۵߷ơ


865 ĥ
ȻˣľҶĿǰ״뼱ѡһλӰӻеԶʱʲôӣ˭Ҳ֪
ߵ仯̫ˣǰ˭뵽ˮľͻ
ԽܵǣֽѪ޽硢֮Ǵ˵еֻ۶ˣֹֹһΡ
תǰѾĿ֮£ǧüתѾ˵Ұ޸׳ȫһķ롣
֮״֪ľҶľˡ
Ȼ̽Ѿ齨ҶδҲмϣ˭Ҳҿ϶˻᲻иɱﵡ
֮һֻۣʵ˲ҵġ
ڵ߰񻹲ǵĲ֮󱬷Ĵսǰ߰
Ϊ˱βˣľҶ˴
мķӡжϾ֮̽ǿķӡ֡ˮľϷ˾ţ֮ʱռǡ
ǿ󡢲ൽ޷ˣҪֽŲǲܣõıȥͼΪˡ
ڵ񲻶ҩͣĥŲĲʱ䳤ˣһЩ׵ķӡҪʧȥʧ
ҲֻĴĿӰˮţӡо̳еķӡټʬӡ֮еǿЧȹ̵İԷӡԼоεĲ־ͶӰӡ档
ˮľҲǻ˲پϧزģŽЩס
Ϊʲôַĵ߰໤;β˺βǰ֮ΪֻҪܹⷢˮľ͸ܹٵ֧ԮԶƻֱͶŶΪ㣬ᷢؿСһھ޹굺֮ս顣
֮⣬߰ʵҲ˷ģľ⡢ҰӣҲѾܹʹģʽȫŮߣ̽Ŀǰ֪ģʽĲᳬˡ
ǲľҶһָſ֪ʵѾܶˡ
ټ˱Ͳߣβ޻Ѿ㹻ǿˣټϻ̫ģʽսҲˡ
⣬βҲʵǿˮݸ֡
ʵǿСӣ̴ӰҲ˵һ˾ܹӦ
Ľϣڵ׼ȫ֮ǰϴ䲻ͻϮˣΪʵû壬۽ͲЧ
ıƴȫײĿʼսѾüˡ
ڶʵͿˣȷʵЩǣǿľβܷȫʵĻ̽һʧͬʱҪû㹻ԱĻΪ˵ĿֻܳΪսϵۡ
ڣ˵ѵĵһ˽֡
ʵ֮ٵеҪѵöࡣ
У뵱Ȼܳɹġ
ԭʷеˣĴۺʹ
ͬΪ߰ǲӣõѺ;ֵ뿪˵ĴǰδеĴҲŬеĶڡ
һ˸ӿ̹ĵʹ࣬Ҳ֮ս
ʦุĸ˶˵Ӱ죬ͬǲܵĴȷʵһܹġ
УֻʱĥԼĴܵõ͵顣
ڵˣԶԶԭǸļǿꡣ
ȻҲбǲһ·ѹƵĿƣҲдҰӣԼʾòٴɫѹսҲٷӳʲôãľ̫ƽˡ
Ѿ˰ɣ˵ٲеĻֻǿֹˡ
ľЩǵžʵ֮ˡ
ֻҪʵ֮٣ӿȥȻſ飬ȻٲӳԼġ
ʱԭƽˣͻȻʼͬʱһɳɫĲӡ
ʧ𣿡
ľ»¶۵дۡ
ȥСӣйɣ˵ȻˣҪæơ
ˣ
ǲҡҡͷ
һѶѵĻûʸҵĶˡ
ȻڵʵԺ־Լʮģ˳ɳģһĶֺĥʯ
ι󱿵̶ֳֻȡҪ𣿡
ǲͻȻűӦö޷Ӧ˺
ϵǣʱתͷ˫Ѿ˽ɫͫ
Ѿʴ̶ܵļһ
Ҫд۰һѵǲͻȻһ٣ԭӿľβͻȻһ͡


866 ̹
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Ӧòǻ°ɡ
״˭Ҳ˵׼ǲղҲûץסʱʩչȷӦʱŤͷȥȥˡ
Ҫֹ𣿡
ͨȻãҪǲеĻ˵ܻܿøΣա
Ӧòãٵȵȣ
˵ˮľıǣһĳʲôص⣬ľΪһʱ֪ˮľ϶ȡ
ǧ֮ˮľȷʵ֪ˣȴûκҪŵ˼
Ҫ¼ڵ㣬ˮľʱʱ˾һЩ飬֮սûϣˡ
οڣûʹá

˵ʶռ䣬¶ãȻؿһƬѪ֮ɫ
ӳ֮ʵ֮٣ʵе棬Ǹ־ǰȷʵ˲ٿͷգԴ˻ǿ˷ȡʤ
Ȼ־ȲԭôͣӦģܵĴһ㣬־زľ˲٣ȻҲԭǸҪöࡣ
˵ףʵ֮٣ֵֻһ˵־ʵ뷨ศɵģάһ̬ƽĳ̶ȡ
սʤԹ벻ҲʵԸ֡
ԭʵ֮ٵӦýˣϵ״ʵ̫ˣһ϶İԷӡʱžβķա
ѵõľռĻᣬβôܷŹ
ѹƵ棬ʱ˾βйĿ꣬˵òʧصļ
ʱѾƣߵˣѹƾβԵЩˡ
ȵ˷Ӧʱ򣬾βѾһҪԼ־ƿˡ
Щ֪ʱһɫӰǰ°ƮĺɫƣȼյĻһŲĲƮҫƮ֮˿ˡ
˭
鲻ԽʵˣͻȻʶͻȻֵİ˵Ҳ⣬æ䱸
ҵľռ䣬ģ
˰ͣҪڶǰһγά˧̬ĲˮŶʱʧˡ
Ҷˣڻʶҡ
ˮŲ˲壬ȭĴָԼָָ
˰ɣ
ĴĿӰ
˴һᣬȷûп
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ΪʲôΪһһݣҲĴĿӰĸס
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ҪʵȴˮŻֹ
лȻ˵ȰС鷳
˵ŵĴĿ˫ֽӡȻһŷӡĴ˫ӣԭھвԵһͻȻƾճ֡
ľҶķӡˮƽѾز֪ʵò½⿪ӡԿףƿһӡ©չúԼӰȫ
˵ŵĲˮһ߿ˮľͰźõĺ֣ѹβ޲һ߻ͷʵ
ķӡֽŵ˭
ӦˮľʦʩչķӡҲʦ͸Ҫġ
รѹ֣ʦ͸ǰҪѹַѾĻôƵİš
ѾĿˡ
Ժ鶼֪ˣʹ˵Ҳû塭
ֻһƲĲд־һγ֣ĸɾ֮ԼҲҪɢˣûгֹһ
ˮľ֡
ˮŬһ֮ŻȻ
ˣǸȿһ꣬ǿ׳еСû뵽ȻҲɳزˡ
еСǿ˵ʵϲˣŪСȻпɣȲ̫ˣҲֻľҶΪ͵Ľɫߡ
һᣬеľβһյĲˮţٴתͷƵؿЩ޴ˡ
ʲôʵ𣿡

Ťһʵ
ҵĸףǸʲôˣ
ɵĸɡ
ˮŶ˶ϵķ¡
ĸȻģôǲǺ磿


867 ѯ
˧Ĳˮţ˵Ƿû׺
ƵȷʵͲˮŷǳʺϣУǡĴĿӰֱȽˡ
ˮһһõĵһӡľٶòƲôɹ
˵ǰԳԼ׵ȷʵԼжԸ׵룬ܾе㲻ʵ
ôˣôһӵҲǿԵģ
̯˫۵ĲˮţЩԾ˻ǰ§ס˲ˮš
׵Ļô
ů
ƺЩš
ǻǱǸˣϾѾǻˣ
ЩصһִѣֻǱһָѣһܹʹЩܹ޴ȫϢͶӰѡ
ûбԹ
Щܿˡ
ˮŸĽ𷢡
㻹òҾͷˣ˿ûҵĻ
ǰˣ
֪
ѾΪĿԼǰ̽簵ӿΣѾսˡ
ϧˣӰΪӾϹᣬҲûмֵˣЩײʱռǣҲˮľõģ
˵ͷ
ǵģž̫ģҵʵͲҪʱ̶ˣϽҵĺӣ

ˮЦЦβ¹ش󣬴Ҳò¡
˿ˮľҲѾ˷֮˰ɣǳϵ롭
Է֮ĲˮţȻһ۾ͿˮľµĿռǵʵȻеǶǣڷӡļ⻹൱ġ
ȻԼҲڸ̾°ԷӡԿף˿ܸӰȫԼоξûа취òִ㵽ӡ桢ڹؼʱһ֮ˡ
ԭİԷӡ֮ϣˮľһЩŰķӡʽԼо궼һֵܹ롣
ˣֲΪʹԿ״򿪰Էӡı׶֮ȴһЩеĺŲӹǿЩ⡣
ˮľֳķӡ裬ûз֣ҲԲˡ
ˮľȻԴӶ˵ڵ״ӦЩ˽⣬֪ķӡ
Щ£Ѿ˵Լо֮⣬ֻ֪һܣ˵Ӧòᱻһĺ֪ŶԣҲԲܶԲ̫ϸˮľ˵Щܡ
벻ͨЩδ֮գˮҲֻʱЩԺ󣬴ԼоΰĽᾧЩп˵
ӴӽúܺãҾͷˣôû㣬ˣ
Ȼ󲿷ʱ䶼˵ԽԼּʱ򣬻ܹһģһΣؼʱܹʰо֡
һֱžΥͷԻеκ
ˣǸҵʱ䲻ˣпܵĻ´ټɣ
Ȼ´Լһǵڷ飬Ҳ˵׼ص־ҲᷢһЩ漣һμĻ
ôôҪˣ
û㹻ᣬҲûжʵеˣҪֱˡ
Ҳûа취飬ұϾֻһˣûжάԼ˸־
ӰģĲˮŽſ˵
סҪȥԹޣڵľβҲĵˡ
һ˿ʧԴԵӾʹʧǰ
һһЩҪʰ
û˵Ļ˵꣬Χ͹ƽֻǰһ㱣ٴ۵ʱǰȻһҲûʲôƵٲ
ô
ľǲæǰеš
ţ
ʵõתҲЩԺ˸ղųֵĵ棬ԷھռһУһֲʵĸо
ԳΪԼ׵ĴĿĿӰ˶޷жϣ﷢һʵڵģǽֻԼ롣
˼֮˸оһ
ϢһᣬѾþûвʳˣ쵽ˡ
첻Է첻ˮͻΣգߵʺǿܵļҪ࣬Ҳ޶ȵģ˲ûȫɳ壬ʱ޿̵žϵҶֵܹڣѾмѪ츳Ľˡ
ţʦҵĸףǸʲôˣ
ԥ˺ܾã˻ʳ仰
Ǹ˵ģԼĸĴĿӰĻôȻûǰʶ϶֪ԼľʦݣľҶĵλӦò᲻֪
ǣΪʲôû˸Լ˵


868 
ͻȻʣľҲЩֲ
ôͻȻ
һֱԼǹ¶ˣԴӵ֮ѾٳһˣСżˡ
Ҳ鹦ѧУʱ򣬺ô˼ѡ
ڣ֪Ȼų⡣
֪һЩƤëģҲͨ˾Զ֮
֪ˣضΪʵ̫˼ˡ
˴ӵӢۡӰĴĿĶӣȻڴﱻżֱԴƫƫһΪ
ʧ˿ڵʱҪһתעķйڣҾβȷʵʺȥֻŴҶԸ⿴ķչ
ڣ͸Ҳ̹׵Ļˡ
ˮľԼ̡߼ϲ϶֪ģ²ؼȥܡ
ҲֵˣΪʱľҶ壬ЩҲ˵ͷĻֻľ˵ʦҲܵ˵ĸסԼʦĴĿӰˮŵĶݵѧʵЩ㲻
ƺʶľЩΪѣ˶ռзʵԸӻˡ
˵ô
ȻҲλԼĸĸʲôӣҲûڻӰϱԼòԼ׵ӡ
쿪룬ԼҲЩ˼
Ҳûʲô˵ģǰûи㣬ֻΪûʡ
ƺ¶˾ġ
ĸףҵʦʮǰΪ˱ӶˣҵʦĴĿӰˮţ
סģ
ͻ࣬ҲЩԾ
ǣΪʲôвˣǽˣ
Ϊĸ׾УҪǽв˵Ļ̫ˣϲʱ˭֪ĴĿйϵĿôţҲΪ˱㣡
߾ȫβܣСʱһЩίҲϧ

ƶǶصͷ
ôر˷ܣһӢ۰ĴĿӰףӦòôƽɣ

ЩԥǾ˵
ΪѾǰ֪ˡ
˾ͽռ䷢飬ԭԭظľ
ʦҵĸףӦ˰ɣΪʲôǲǵû˵
ͻȻ˸
й
˵˵ĸ׿϶ˣΪʲô
ľŤͷһòʵ֮١
Եʰɣӣʵ֮ٱеҪ档
⵹һ˵ùȥĽܹͣھһǱصļ䣬ģԼ׵Ķʵ̫ˡ
ܰɣʦﵢ˺þãȴӦõȼˣҾȹȥˡ
ȥɣǾͰﲻʲôæˣ
ʵ֮ľǲҲֻΪԷһѡ
Ϊʲôֱӹǿô£ΪֻҪУ˻޼ƿʩˣɲͬһĻһ²ܹġ
ڽ֮еУ͸ӲֵܹˣֻпԼС
Զȥֻʣ²ԶٲˮʹĿˡ
ʵ֮ô棬ҪҪԣ
ʦΪʲôȥ
Ҷͨİɣ˵רŹ覴õ©
Խظ飬Խ˼ӵĴԽͨܵ˵ġ
ȺһߣƣͨôѵĻ˾͸ˡ
֪Լ㣬ȻԸľ˷ïɱѾͻˣǲĺԹԣԼҲЩ׼
οǲҰԭյ飬Լһ󶴡
ڳ״Լ˼֮ǰͨʵ֮ٵĿ̫Сˡ
ǲȴеԾԾԡ
ʵ֮˵ô棬ҵҪȥ
Ҳã
ľͷѾͲд۵״̬δǼóѪ޽硪Ͳдۣνʵ֮ٵײ׻ʲôӣҲ൱˺档
Ҫǿʲôԣֹ㲻Ҫֵطա
֪ˣʵҵڴʵ֮ٸһ㣬̫Ȥˡ
Ѿ֪ԼϵͲд۵ľ
ôԵʲô֧ǿǲã£û塣


869 ͬ
ѶԾЩ˽ˣóǲӵϤռս
е׼֮ľȻһԹ۷ֹķǲصʵ֮ٵСˮ̶Ȼ͸֪ⷢɢ
һᣬ۾ǲΪʲôûзӦͻȻ֮䣬УȻ۾ǰ͸ղű޶µʵ֮١
ԭѾʼ˰
Ϣ֮䣬˲֪뾫֮Уʵ֮ȷʵ˵
ȻľɫһģһΧͲʵڵĻˣ˺޲滻˾ռ䡣
ʱƣʵ֮ٲߣԽԽգаִᱻ׵
ôˣӦò˰ɡ
ȻӵͲд۵ǲһ£ȫʩΪĻ벻£˵ܳ׻ʵ֮ٴľռ䡣
ķεǲǵΧطһЩʡ
ԭĵɫɬĻɫ񽫾ɫһ㱡ɴ֮һЩʵĸо
ǲȴʱٲˮͻȻһŤһƤЩڣ˸׹⽣˫һһѳ˳
Ǹõˣһ治װ
Ͳдۿ֮ǰǿս̬ǲӳھռ䡣
ǲüͷʶס
ӣª
ԭͷѿǦɫƤɫø˲˵ΪŤôһƵꡣ
ֳе׹⽣Ҳ˴ֲвС
˫ֳֽ棬ͱ̫ˣ֮ô֮ȥ
˵߹ԼԣԼ
ԭ˾һģʵ֮ٱǿ󣬵ܹеߣķָĲ֣ȻǣӰ졣
ǲ滯ʵȡʵ֮жԼܷѹסǱز
ǲ֪ν
ǲеͲд˲֣߾۽֮ŵͻȻһڵĻ棬ת۾ͽ֣Ƭ֮󣬾ͱճ˻ҽ
ôʵҲҴԲѣ

һͻȻڲ󷽣һǲæܣұ߱۰Ǳһӡ
ôܺˣ
ȻǾռ䣬ģպ׻ɱģսһܿ£Ծ˺ǿһ̶ȣǿֱͨϵģﱻ𣬼пܻˡ
㻹ûиʵ֮ٵıʰ
׹⽣ٶƣѹǲӵ滯һ߹һЦš
ĵ˲ʵ֮٣ԼҲҵԵɣҸĻǲܱģҲһ
ô鷳
ǲһսһ˼Ƭ̧֮ͷųĲӰ滯
Ծսֻʱ䣬ݵøֶΣҷϾ˰ˡðһ䣬ʧˣ
ǡȻȻƽ£Ժ־ģǲͲ֪ˡ
ôܣֻһӦΣղŶԣ
Σգˡ
滯¶һ˿аȵЦݡ
ǲǲȴ㣬ʧˣҲӰǲΪĴ
˵Ժȡ𣿡
ȡҲϲ
滯΢Ż˹Ľࡣ
ʵһģֻݵķѣƽʱǲչֶ־ӰģڣȴԶڣȻϾͿˡ
ǲһζԼóȻʵ֮ٵĶЩգʵЩçײˡ
ҼֲסĻᱻŤ־ϮôӰ쵽жȡҵľ򣡡
ͬʱǲʵ֮ٵʵòһЩɡ
ǶԾΪͨߣҲôɣݲеˣ᲻ʵáӦýʲô
˭֪ءһЩװŪɮƺ֪Щϴ񡢸ʲôģžİɣаĻͽȻ󡢶֮ģ˵ȽϺöҾϴ˵еġ
ĵʵԸԼϴԣǶȤζ˵
֪ĿǰǲǷδ֪˿־޴գȴǶԼĥʯ


870 ҡ
ԣս̬ӵ׹⽣ʱ̬ӽô
ǻĳɱ¾ϵؿŵʱǲ顣
ǣѾ֪ˣҲɱˣֻʣһĻֵȥͽ䣬Ӧò˺ڰɱ¾Ŷԣ
ȷ
滯һı顣
ôˣȥƲã㣬Źǣ
˵˭
Ӧ֪İɣõѣ
ǲ㵵ʱ滯ͻȻ¶ǰûչֹͲдۡ
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ҪǳٳҲİ취ҾͻøԽԽӽʵ˵ҺսƽֻҪһûг׻㣬Ϳ˲䷭̣ȻǰõҳĸԴ⿪
Ҫȡʤʵǲһ֮䣬ӵʱ̫ĻԼҪˡ
ʱôҪֹܶĸš
滯ȻѾʼ¶Ͳдۣʵպ¶ûʹãӦǻдﵽ̶ȡ
ΪʲôԹޣ
ҪŶԣ

ǲڵ뷨ת˳޵ĸԴ֮ҹļ䣬ڼžĽֵپǵѪеĸĸԼǲĻ¶еЩ
ýӰŶ̽ϵոһһͣǲ
滯ĸҲ赲ǲ˼֪˶ãĬǲͻȻʵ
Ϊʲôǲ
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滯һ
뵽ˣ
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Ȼ޿κΣǲ岢ŮҲûбֳʴ֮ġȻаĹ£ΪʲôǲҪ壿
Ȼ֪ˣҲͲҴˣ˵û
滯Щ˵
ٲʢǲ壬ԭôˣȻ󲿷ֶߣóսƽҲв٣޴档Щ޹˻ľҶ壬ôһʲôʸǲɱһɶ֮ڹѱҵ
ΪʲôǲҪƵǸزòڴӺͼ֮ѡ
ȻǲΪֳǱ磬Ϊͻõ˾ο
Ȼʲôˣܵ˺ģΪʲôǲ壿ȻƲΪʲôǲƷЩϲļһͳΣľҶΪǧּһľҶǲ壬ܵ޶˵Ĳ¼ɺżͲܷʲôǵñ岻ɣ
̫ʡŭ벻ʣһֱǱĵףȴΪʱʹȻò䵱ڣľûжԴӵĲô
־Ųֱӳˣ֯Ļ֣ľҶ壬ҲӲ׵ñӡ
ǲ屻ô飬֪˾ԲһûһΪǲ˵Ҫô˳ˮۣҪôԹۣô޹ڷ
һҪǲɱһɶάֵĻĴӣǲʲô壿
滯ֱĻʱǲԶԡ
ɱȫңҪҴɱĽԼΡ
Щǲʲôϵ
ľҶһǲҪ
ѴǲҲףΪʲôҪվ㡢Ϊ룿
һ˲䣬ǲˮľʦΪԼʱ˵Ļ
ľҶȻѡ񣬵ò䣬覴ãǲ屻岢޹ڹؼϷ˴˶๼³ʵ̫ҡ
Ȼ֮˵ͲҪŵ㵽ֹԹɱûֹͣȻҪǲ壬ǲҵٹҫ̽ɣɱһǲ̧ͷļһ
ǧĺ壬ʲôǱһҹ֮䱻ɱһɶܣ
˶˵ļ壬̸ʲôˣ
Ѫϴˢ֮ǰǲѾΪʷĳԺѾǲҫǲΪһԺˡ
븴˼ðľҶ帶۰ɡ²֣
ǲĵļ붯ҡ滯ʵҲԽԽǿˡ
Ͳӿ㼯һγһɫþˣһڲ׳
ܺʱƣǲԽԽˡ
ΪʲôҪѹԼд۲Ķô᳹Լ־õķʽҪȫӳͲд۵Ҫģʵѡ


871 
ʵԽԽǿǲĻܺѾóˡ
ټȥĻܻдա
زǲҪƾʵ֮γɵľռѾ̫ˡ
滯ȻʵǲѾ㹻ĵֿˣʵ֮ٵļӳ֮£ڱԽԽǿ
ˮľĻܻжϳĽأȻЩͬӵĹܺãʵҩʦͲд۵ͫЩơ
ݵ˵״̬ȷս
ǿǿõúõĻȷʵǸɱ
ʵ֮ٵľʵ̫ˣԶԶҩʦͲдۺãͫûʵ֮ٷôͼѡ
ʵ֮ٵʵսΪ㣬Ҳܹ𵽶Եˡ
Ȼ滯¶ܺǲҲٷķ£ͬɫ֣ܺȶǸӸߴ󡢸
ʿ֮󣬵һξҵײʵ֮ٵľռ䷢˲С𶯡
㻹ԥʲôֻҪæԻսڼԿԴﵽĿģκ˶Сǲ
ǲܲˣȻž޴ȭͷ滯ܺ˸ʵ
˵ҶȤȻвʣߵ·õѡ񡣡
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ⲻϷ
ȥ˲ǣڵֵϧδķչ㽡
޴ĳӰı۰նȻһͻظԭҲ֧һᣬΪǲԼһʱˡ
ҶǶֵļһƾʲô㣬ܹñҸã
ԣŲװ
滯Թ˵
ѹԼУҲζڳ˯ûЩֻĳ̶ˣûİæǿ粻ĺ蹵ģ
蹵֪˵ʲô
ΪǱִڵĹңȴδѡȻ󱻶ذձ˵жǲڱƺõĵ·һġ
ԣЩʲôϵʲô
ȻǲеëúÿŰɣ
滯ܺػָƣҸǿ󣬳ʿķǲܺѾûϵĲ
ˣһĪϺɫ׵ͻȻ֣ԽԽܼܺϣʱƣԽԽ䷲
ʲô
ǲһЩȡ
ܺԼûʹõġ
Լһ֪޴ļһ
ܺﵽޣ޴ĳʼ˸ź˵ĵ⣬߸߾Ȼǲķն˹
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׽Īƣ˸޴ӵбĲ꣬ǲܺĲӿ˹ȥƺûպã͵ܺƫбӱһ֣Ȼ˳żιǻ䣬˴򣬵λá
һĻ˵ĻƣӦѾûˡ
ܺȻûбǲҪŶ޽סʱ򷴻ȴԼݵܺ⡣
ʹˡ
ӵƻ׵񣬵һᵽû뵽ɣеľȻԼ
ҺǾռ䣬滯ûдﵽ޵ĳ̶ȣȫ׵Ͳǲûдﵽµֵܹܺġ
㲻ӵûյҲ˵ͳǿ׶ݵӵСûע⵽ģҲûз֣Ψһ⣬Ͳдۡ
㷢𣿵ʲôãûа취ʹãֻзſһЩ˼ɣԼ¼͵־յģߵʴ㣬ԵˣֻҲʹȫ̽ûܹҵˡ
̽Ŀǰ֪ǿȫܺʹԼõ׶ݣܱȼӾǿ󣬸ʺϷӳԼ׶ݵơ
ǣռսʵıƴʵ磬ڵǲҪ뱻֮ˡ
ǲȻ¶ֲƵĲԡ
ûõģǰûа취ɱ㣬ȻҲ޷㹻˺
ȻΪܺƲ޷ܹġ
޴ܺ˲ʧȻǲѸ뿪ĹΧ


872 
𣿡
滯ٴλ׽
ֻĸңûпռľ룬ܲġ
еһжǾдգ￴޴ʵ޴Ӷܣ֮ûнҿԡ
޽裬һƬϺɫǲе·֡
ǲҲֻ֧ţով˾޴ľģҲòٴγܺ
ֻǲܺ׳ͣͲòֱ۽ǰסն
һαȸղŻҪֱ۾«έûеֵƬ̾ͱϡ
ʱ㹻ٴܡ
㻹Ҫӱܵʲôʱ򣿡
滯ϽƣҲԽԽʱƣǲսϵƽԽԽԡ
ǣһжǾԵģսʱֶΣһûб׻֮ǰʵ޹ؽҪؼǲôġ
ӱܣȷʵһֱӣҲͷ۵飬ʵҲΪѡô˵Ҷ뱻һҵĵα
˵ѣԹǰһֱǲϣԴӶĳ⣬ͼתƵϣʲô壿
øټٵĻң㲼µôҺʱҲǵж״̬ΪʲôҪôģϧҺܶ㲻Ϣ
ǲķʣ滯Զԡ
˵ˣ
ǲִŤɵ棬ȻʧƫģȴڿԼǲѿʵЩ⡣
嶼㲻ϣʵ֮зôܽΪ֮أѵͨɷӣ
ҡԣһֱͼءԵһ֡һû˵ӱܣǲǾʹ˽ʱõܹƽһ˺ۣʹȴ᳹ʧܻڲԼ顭
ޣӦѪϴˢΪʲôҪִǲˣ
滯Щʣǲ˵ûȻΣգҲֻһδͨĻȻһЩ˺ײǾԵģȻ䳤ԶӰܴ󣬵Ǹĸı䡣
Բ⣬̫ƫִһĽ;൱˼ÿ˻ٶǾѻߣֻ󲿷˵˸άͬһ֪ܣǾķӡ㣬ֻһΪĴ̼ʱ̫ͻִʤˣȻ̫˺ԴͬӦòʲô¡
޷ʵĿģ滯Ҳټ֣
ôѾռ˾Եƣٿ׵񽣡꣬һоꡢԵĿǣνĲ֮û塭
նɱ֮һʼΪڵġ
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ͼ͵־ĻҲֻȡҵ׳ģԲǿ
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ǲٶԣɫܺٴΰεض𣬱˫׹̽뱳һģһĲꡣ
ⲻܣ϶Ǽٵģ
ġٵģʲôϵ
ǲЦһ
˵öԣʱӱȷʵã޷е⡣ҳȷʵвʣҾԲЩɱ¾ֶΡǲ߼壬ɱ˳ԵĶħ
ϡࣿӸıĻ϶صޡ
ԣҪ
ĽǴҪģֻǼᶨԼ뷨ֶΣ⣬ǡǡǾʤĹؼھռ䣬͵־
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ֻ߽зѡķ磬ûб֪Ĳʱ滯ڵĸ⡣
ն֮ȷʵ˵ǰݵ滯ܺû֧Ŷþͱ׻׹⽣滯ҲԴʧ
лջܴ󣡡
ղֻǾ־Ľ棬ʹý׺񽣲꣬滯Ųǲ֪ɱ÷
Ϊɱǲô
ɶǲĳ޶Ͳд۵ͫʲôǱָԵģ
ֱΪ˽￪Ͳд۵е̹١


873 ֮
ǲٴ۾ʱԭͷϦѾƫб˺ܴĽǶȡ
Ҳ˲ʱ䡭
˿Զ˻ʹд۶Լľһ׼ջ̾ߴĿޡ
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Ӧûˣʱ֪⣬Ѿﾲһˣû꣡
һࣿ
ǲüͷռоֻǹһᣬһʱ͹ȥˡ
ұҲòȥ
ЦЦ
ĶҲضãȫź˵׵磬ΪʲôΣգôöû£˾ȡ
ţԼľƲסʱܻЩ⣬һ޿ɺǡ
ľֻû뵽ǲڣȻҲǱôǿĻδ
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ΪʦӦģû¾ͺãȻҽģҲӦɣ
ջܴȻһΣգðһҲֵõġ
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ľҲǷģõԼ洫ѧԼҲ൱ѹѧ̫ߵķգ˶õġ
ȻĽ̻ͽܶʦ飬ҲǹԼ㣬ƥ䲻ǲٶȣķչˡ
ǲĴ̶ԼȻںܶʱԼҲֻܸԵָڿķչȻﵽԼҴĳ̶ȣǲ֮ǰļµϺɫ׵ӵʱвԤǾԲġ
ֱǿˣӣӦͲд۵
ľԼǲˣҲд̵˽⣬ͨ׶ݵȻǲǹԲͨжֻǻѪ޽ĳǿͫ
ʶԼѾ׼վȴȶ̫ˣȫʹ
þûȡʳˮˣҲ״̬Ҳôá
ľǰһѡ
ȳԵ㶫һϢ
óһЩݸȻ˵
˵ȻҲȲǰҲô죬ʵЩս֪ʲôʱͻᱬ
Ӵﴫ鱨׼ѾˣͲսԱˣ̴嶼࣬ȱٵģֻһҪô̴ߡ֯սҪôķ֡
ݿɿϢǰ˪֮İѾ˿ɿ鱨ȷʵ˵˵ټȻûȡĻصϸϢҲ֪սĵƵʲôյ鱨תӵĿԲСβսгֵЩܹɱβ֪İ׾ǿսĴڶһĻѾԶһһܹԸǿˡ
ǿҪһʱ䣬ûʲô󰭰ɣҪҪСӣ쵽죬СӣѾüˣܵĵӡ
ǲҡҡͷ
ˣֻ̫󣬾񲻼ãϢһͺˡ
ģȻʱǲʲôΣա
ľͷ
Ǻðɣ飬ʱҪˣ̽ڼкܶҪ磬Сӣһ˻̫ǿˡ
ȻСӣѾģʽս֮̽󲿷ҪǿˣϵݵҲֻһ̣̫ش飬޷ã޹غʵ͵λҲϢϢأСӣ׻̫һ㣬صҲ۵ļ
ȻѾûΣˣûԼȽϺá
Ȼʲô⣬СӣʲôԾϵģźŵ
֪ˣ
ֻ񽻽Ӷѣ㲻ʲô£ҪΪľڣľҶľβ뷨лɳ˵Ļʹشˡ

֮Ȼǰʱ侭һϵеĶңѸٱƽϢͨĴУһСͼҵضͽͼĹȵȴԽ췣Ϊ˷ֹƵٴη齵֮ͣ涼һЩı䡣
˵ǰЩֻͬҪ񻹾ȣʹӻֶѵĵط͹ˣֻҪܻȥһжԽܡ
սɱ¾ֻҪ޵ͻᱻǵһĤݣһˮľ˿֡
ȻǸյĹȣ֪˶ɥʧ˼ֵĹҲȤϢģȻ֪ѾˣƫƫһʹĲ֮͵ˡ


874 Ͷ
̽Ѱ˺þãȻûеõСϵϢĽǶ˵֮ȻʹҵʱҲ־ȡ
֮쳣գټѣ꣬˺ҲٵֻҪȨټԷͱ֮ء
ڼΪġ֯ǰ϶ѾˣΪʹСϻţ֯󲿷ֵĻҲýǶʮֲ
һѵºڵİϷΣյĵطȫĵطôϳΪûעõ
Ȼʮֿ϶֮ġ񡱵ǺηʥٰģʹСϵĿԻ൱ģǰ֪ҲˣȻ֪ıʣǶȻ֤һ£СãǵĻҲЩװŪļһ˳һô
ͽȻǽɱͽӶҲʲôˣЩΪǮֶεļһܹ֪ʹһǿҲǳе¡
ǶɲΪʧȥˡ֯ǰ֮󣬻ʲôܹԼ֯ǰ׻ǶҲ൱İսʤ֮
ϸҲûǹɵĲӦ˵껢Ѿˡ
ûֻۣûмӴĲͨ˸ȵ˭û»άܹҵĳΧ
ĽǶû̫ൣǣ֮֮󣬰Ͱع۲ǰȻƣȻЩͬĹҡ
أǶһЩԤС
տʼļ尾ĹһòֻЩ̾ȡ֮Ȩļһ쵼Ҳ˶ѣԼĲ֮ѾкüûʲôСԼˡ
֮Ȼǿһ㣬ֻҪԼСģ򲻹ѿ϶ǲġ
ʱƣԽ۲죬ǶԽ𾪣ȻճҲˣСӵĴҲΪ˳ԾģǽǶȻûз̫ǿߵĺۼ
Ҫô˵ҵƿһǻ۵սǿߣҪôǿѾҪչѹҵĳ֣ԼҪ̶ֳҲҪһֽţԲ̻
߽Уƺˡ
ȽǶʶЩҪ뿪ʱѾ̫ˡ
Ĳ֮ͣ
һϤ˾˹
㣬ˮľ
Ƕµݿ飬Ĺ۾ȴ¶е뽹
ˮľʵϣ빫γνǶΧм䡣
ϤĲʱһЩţû뵽Ȼô֮ϲ
ǶսܲǾսֵĹؼʹߵˮľҲҷŹκʤĻᣬ˵һСʧǰǶʵ˲Ŀġ
ľҶȻһȺòȻļһϿںźȴؿ֮֮ĿӰҰľ֪ˣ֪ô룡
֮Ļشһһƿأ֮ͻ֮ٴηͻʤƽ֮б
ˮľЦҡҡͷ
ҵͬȷʵ˵ЩľԴ֪ͨȻ飬˾Ͳһˡ
ˮľ˻֣ʾʵ׼֡
ô
ǶƵΧ˿ѰͻΧķ
Ǳ޳ܵļһ
Ȼ֪ˮľһľҶƿһҵʲôѧ軹֯ǰһѵĸоǶͲ²ˣЩҲԼڵĴ޹ϵΪ˱ܣˮľҲԲŹԼ
Ҫˣûõģ
ˮľЦһһΧͻȻһֱͨϺѹѹƵĹĵĹӰЧһ޴ķսͣ˽Ƕе·
Դ뾫ͨӡͽĸ߼ߵأ㻹Ѱ·Ǹ춼ҵˣҲд룬Ҳֲ㣬ϵùɣõļһ
ҪˮľжӰ죬һӦͱ¹Ϊ˸ͬɵˣѾһʱ䣬Ҳ֪ˡ
ǶؿֱʵĽϣεʵ
ΧأҵɣΪɱңֵô󶯸ɸꣿ
˵ǲֵȷʵǸ⣬ҵͽ˵һҪ򵹵ĶħУΧЩھõİӣ
ҪͽӵϣȻڶħУ˶ħİϷģ֮ͽַħʥսˮľһֽҲ޷


875 ս
ʲô
ѧϵġ̫ɬѶˮľҲ޷һ򵥵Ķ塣
ڳԻ̽磬񡱺͡ˡλи֣֮ڶȴûʲô̫Ĳ
ˮľ޷ԡԡĽ綨ԡȻҲ׼ȷĶ塣
˵ɾ񣬻Ȩӻˣ˭Ҳ㲻
˵ֻҪܹʵͨ¾Բܰ쵽漣ģȫ
ʵһҲܺ⣬̽磬ˮľȻûС񡱵ԾͨƽҲὫˮľ࣬ΪߵݣȨĴֱڸоϻһȡ
ֻ̽͵֪ˮľȻὫЩϣȻΪȻˮľҲЩָͷͬƽϣԼŭʱ򲻻ػ
Ҳ֪ǰˮľֱԽŪڹ֮䣬ϵ۸ҲڴȨϱˮľ㣬һװŪı£治һˮľ졣
ڵ֮ˮľͺúõرһͨƽһӶѵһ׳
һֱкѹѹ֮ܲͻѵͽǣһһ߽Ĳ͵ˮľ˺ôĴۣŲҵĽ֮С
ˮľðʹؽǶɵһͽӡ󣬿Ҳͣڡĳ̶ȶѡ
ǲʥߣű顰衱ͽһ𲢼ս˾ţ֮ŻǿħǸӡ̣
׶׳ĵ۷ĸ綼ʤ밲ϧҪͽĻԣǸӵˮľдġ񡱣͵еһĪ⣬ӻȻҪԼŬϵΪ۵ġ
֧Ž磬ˮľεĸͽͷͨսάֵģһߵսˮľҲֻȼЩʵ˲Եزһ£˳ʶһ¡ʹѡ
ˮľȫӵĻʵͲ¶棬ýǶ޵
ǿ߲͵Ϯʱ򣬶ԴƵλĿ˵ضС
ڣǶлųĸӱͻΧ
漤ң
ˮľεҡҡͷͽǵʵβ룬άֽ߶Ƕ޲𹥻ķˡ
ڶֵ࣬˺˺ܶ࣬Ū
ҲãѪսŸӡ̡
ǶҲȷʵߣûˮľѹĻýǶȫʩչ˵Ļᱻӳȥ
Թݶȡ࣬ȻΪ⣬ֻʩչߵBѾ㹻ˡ
ҪΪBǵ̯Ҫ֪ˮľΪɱﵵĻݡȴҲֻAȽϵ͵ģľ׶ݡǧҵٲնˮݡٲ֮ɰ̾ʦóķݡ֮С
AٲԴ֮⣬󲿷ֶǾǧҼΪʺԼԲʩչĳǿܹһAģ̽պĸ֡
ڸӸ߼SԼ˼ĽһϵˣҲۡ
ԣ̽󲿷ߣB͵ͷˣǶԲʱ仯⣬BҲA٣ǿֻʺϵû˵߼ʤġ
ҪľǲʹǧǲŹòʹûݡ֮֮CDݶԵУˣҪû裬ҲһӰ֮е㿴ͷˣǽ
ǶΪԹҪԭʹÿһαʣĲʱ仯һЩӰ죬ڿʺԼAбȳ˴öԻ϶ʹBΧΧսֵƣԼ䲻͵Ϯһֱڶ
ڵĵ˻ˮľǶûлˡ
һֻգϷƶſľ޴УһƬƬ˳źȶĳÿһ䡣
װŪʲôã
ǶһȻûͣӴܵĲ
Ǹ㿴ģ
ˮľЦ
ңȷûã
Իû־ȫƾƵûʲôã
ͱˡ
֮ˮľҪʵһ뷨ʵ̫ˡ
ɲֻǻڱڸǵ˿Ĳ͸˽Ƕ
һᣬǶͷ쳣
ʲôҵĵԹôʹ
Բǻĸš


876 ʱ
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ӵݣһЩôġ
ƲĸԲİӣϣ͹ʩչββ޻֮󣬽֮£׾ٵؾʹ̾ߴ̴ĸ࣬Ȼˮľڻ£ЧѤöĿʥǳаħҪׯϵʽС
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ʣʹı壬ˮľ֮󣬻ûɱ
ɫȻ쳤ǶУڽշ̱˽ǶеĲ֮󣬵ԹҲʵ
ҪоԹݣ
ˮľҡҡͷ
ˣֶʵĲֻ֮ǿʵҲֻʧƷѡ
ԹݲѪ޽磬Ҳ̾ߡʲôģ
ûⶫʵһĸֶΣʹһģֻչķͬѡ
еԹݵˣڵľ󲿷ֶˣ֮⣬ûҪάģͬһȫѪܺ;ҲάʩչĻ
ȻֻҪ㹻࣬ǶͿԶȥǶһ˵Բһ£еԹҪҪ˼ά塪ԣû㹻ľУܹά־൱ѵġ
ΪʲôǶĪִڽǮֿЦĶԽǶּǿ˵Ǯһһʲôϵֲǡ֯죬ҴҵҪԴά֣
ά֪ƫбĶѡ
ǶļһܹķҲ˿ɹˡ
Ͼǳ֮ƣôչȥǶҪôʧȥҡԼĽɵĿܣҪôֻ֪ռǮĹ
ԽǶ˵ÿһζȡһξȾȻĲʬתôأҲԲɡ
һ㣬ԴˮľһʵϣǶͷɶ͵ϮһһֵԹݸѪܵʱ򣬾Ѿˡ
ɱΪҪһﻹã
ˮľһŵ̨磬˵ٿʹһ޼ˡ
֯ȻʵѾˮľѾȫʧȥϵӽǰ鱨ƣòһЩר̽һµ˵ʵˡ
ˮľ綼׼۸ĵĿȫǵĶͣһ˵˼ͷȻһ㡣
ǰֻΪûбҪôؼﱻƣ˵ᷢӦӰķչп޵ףȫֵˮľǸ
ǶǺʵѡ

֮⣬ԭǳźСϵ֮Ѿˮľĸݵˡ
һĽ֮£䵱ӡϷ˯ħƬѾȫģ
ΪˮľִԼ壬Ϸ˯ֵѾħƬˡ
ɣû뵽пܷ飬Ȼĳˡ
Ǿ֮Ϸ˯춯Ӿˡ
Ȼܣ
Ϸ˯籾ֻˮľִûĻҪ׳ֻܼϣˮľľĹĳɳٶȣͲܸϵ֮ս
ԣҪһܹӻϷ˯粢䷢չ׳֮
ˮľѾ˼ȻħƬõ塣
Ϸ˯ִɢͬʱղԼӦϷ˯ɳľѸڣڱںˡ
һС磬ڳɳ֮;紵ˮľװһ֧źƻ
ЩȻлѾܳɳ裬𽥳ɳ׳ɽױС粻ɷָһ֡
ԣĴһ񡯣
ŲͷŹϷ˯磬ˮľĸ֪Уִ΢΢ȶų򣬾ΧŵһȦȦӣӪѪһһϵôˡ
аǲҲôģм͵ǲҲͬС죿
һ˲䣬ˮľҲЩʧûˮľòħƬ
ûоô
϶ǣʹˮľӡ;ϵ裬ʱ㹻ҲƵĶֻǹƥĻѵʱ䡢̫ˣ㹻ԴҲһ
ħƬֻǽԼˮľٵľѡ
ʱԭô
Ҳĳطһž޵ļһͬ飬һˮľȷ֪ʧ˵ģʱ˳Ĵ衣
ˮľϷ˯磬Ҳֻڴİ֮֮ϸһѡ


877 
ԴͷȻƣչĵ·ȴྶͥ
ذ֮սͱĹܣˮľϷ˯ľԣͬĸԭ
˵ǿϷ˯ĳԣ챻ˣ
ˮľһᣬЩȷ˵
̫ҲƵģʽ¾ܵȻΪصʴڵĳ̶ȣҲȷʵ⡭
Ϊս̵ܺɱﵣҲǺճ̵ġ
ųΪ˴ڵˮľʵܲϲʧ֪޽Ƶ֮УɵģԼΪġ顱ߡħ
޷תľ䣬ĸˮľԽܡ
ֻҪˮľͨ＼ʵ壬Ȼʹòʬתʲôת֮ԽΨõ䲻ɳ
ʵ˵ǲתˮľ޷֤Լ˱仯ʱ򣬻ܼܲԼ뷨˺µġ
ԼĵͼϢرŤתܵĸŲŲı仯飬ˮľǾԲܽܵġ
Ϸ˯Ϊн飬еʵԼ˸ñˮľ㹻Ļĸš
Ϸ˯۵ִˮľ徫һ֣Ҳ磬ȫû״
ܹṩ㹻ķھϹһִˮľһ̽ʴıϡ
ڣҵıǲûܵȻӰ죿
˺Ϸ˯һֱûκ״Ȳչ׳ӦûŶԣˮľܾƺһЩϸڱˣ
ոеĳ򣬼Ϸ˯״̬Ȼ͵
ϵʵ֣˵ȻѾֱӶʴȷӦִ档ǣ֧ŵִ⣬Щʵ϶Ѿʧȥң仰˵ǳ״֮ǰӦòصԼľ״̬
ˮľͷ
֪ϵƵģһһ
翵ľ棬һпǲܵǺֲĴ⣬һŲͱʮ꣬ò׼ʱѿǣŰΣա
Ҫˮľ⣬ûмʮʱˮľˡ
ϣ²ؼذŪŵϻԲѵĽǶһЩɢ˵
Щ鷳ǵȹʮβĽ˵ɣ
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Ψһ鷳еʵܶܵǣⲻ˵ģھʹˮľƿҲ޿κε飬ʩʵӡȻһЩ֣ڼ̳ˮľѧʶʵǰûôǾֻ֪ˡ
ʱ򣬶ЩһֱˮľӰеʵ˵ĺƾԾˡ
ĵǸʱҲֻ̽絹ùֻรˡ
ˮľ˼ǵʱ򣬵ϵĽǶ˶
ƺովѵļһﻹһЩӦվ֮һԴȻͣ
оô
ˮľȤʵ
ϣľʵѾ߰ˣһԼʮǰ鶼ǵòǺˣɵļ䣬Ҳڶʮʮ֮䣬ԵɱĿӰǧ飬ӡѾģˣֻǴԵؼǵ£ϸѾȫûˡ
ȥǶĹȿ϶ٴ½𽥱ԽԽĳմߣôʩչôʹõԹݣȻȻޡɥʧȥ
⻹⣬̽պ֮ɶΡͽǶ˷ӡƫִͳմ֢ߣȻԶ˵ҪһضԴȥ
ĳˮľ濴ۣҲʹߵķӿһ㣬Ȼ̫ˡ
㻹ʹýǶ֣뿪֮֮󣬼ԵѰСϾˣȻǲټȥμӵĴ̽ս
ˣ²˳٣Ҿˡ
Ƕ״̬ҲҪ̫õĻ˵ᱻǿİ׾֡
ˮľɳ뿪֮ˮľٴνעϷ˯档
ԴռԵĻռ䣬ˮľִȻϵͽʱ޿̵ṩʹʵԽԽǿٶȣȻ˵ڶԸΪʮβǲߺʹͲľҹʱܹӳá
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878 
κ޸֮ľԴ֮ˮʮβ֮󣬵һ¾ʩչ罵¶ո̽ĲΪãԲŻô
ϵȻܹٴ߻ӵħƬԵϷ˯磬ʱʵڻ̫ˣĵĴ̽սûˮľʱ
Ϸ˯ղѾȵǸħƬǿ̫ˡ
Ҫʵʹķ޽ƵȻ
ĺˮľ붼룬Ҫ£֮󣬲Ÿ޼ɵոȻͲȻճ˷ӡٴθֱǲֽ
ˮľôҪôȻɣҪôɽٵһ׽١ʲôʣһ
ûǸ廹Ŀŵ̽ȻѰ·
ʣµķʵҲԴʲôģʵģȻǲӡβ޵ħ񣬿ϧˮľʱǶ֡
ֵܹģҲǻûб֯βˡ
βţββϬȮԼβ
ɱȻУΨһܹˮľİֵģǱĴĿӰˮʹʬ⾡һͬβ
οЩԥˮľ壬ͻȻ˵
棿ڣʵСغף
˵öԣҲһͻƿڣһСغ׵ϰƬβòҲô
ôķպܴβĹؼˮľǰʹãܾûˣǲַӡͲľҹ׳ˮľԳ֣鷳ʹˡ
ҷһߣҲżȿ˵
˵һĲԴĻǾϣ˴Ͳľһİ֮󣬺ϳɵľ޴תۣƶײ̽ĳԴԲ˵ܹŪ֣ȫûˡ
Ҳֻˮľѣˮľܹõ޴󻯵תۣʮβǲܣҲ÷Ѿ˼ôĺˡ
ˮľ쿪Ҫʹûתߵ޲ͣṩ룬Ҳʧˡ
Ϸ˯ԻṩĲ޷Ӧһˮľʧ
ʵҲ⣬ղԴͷֻܹո̽ȻͲ
תʹõԴ뾻̽粢ܲɷ֡
̽羭ﵽе־ͨ
ͨʥЩԭ̽һֵĴڣҲи̽ԭǲͨӥӶǸ¶ӰĽ
֮ƵģͨЩ
岻ţˮľҲ֪ģֻҲһĿܣ֤Լˡ
겻Ӱ죬Ǳˡ̽ڼѾ̽ѡʲôֽţˮľʱö֪ͶȡϷ˯뷨ʹա
ʵǼҲûã
ͣ˵Ϸ˯֡
ǼʵԼ֮ͽṩѾϷ˯յٶȣϾֻʮβȱһģ¶ܿܳ̽ĲʹڵõβޣҲû취ӡ֯Ϊ˷ӡŴβޣʹõĻŷ⾡ʹ£ûоٷӡβ޲ֶΣֻϷ˯籾ܵգ֮ͽ֮÷㡣
Ҳ˵дƷʵĲҲգ
ǵģ
εĻشˮľ˸ͷ
ͲľҹΪʲôܹҵ͵ʵ漰һĴսԣͲһʱСܹúõġׯڣ֡桢ˮϡɳջÿһҪʱۣڣ԰ǧģͨ͵ȲôͲľһ࣬Ͳһϵ̶Ȳ̫Զˡ
ȻҲ˵ˮľȷĵ·ϣϸ֦ĩڵѾӵʵпй켣
ȡ֮ѹ֮£һͼͽ͵ģ͸ģȫ˵Ŀ档
ˮľҲǺ޻ᣬ̽һȺڵֵԭʼʱҰˣͻȻ˿žոԴӶߣ˾ԭֳߺᣬֻǺ˲̳еһôõúá
ˮľðлΣգ͵һС׼ɴ¡ľߣȻܴ󣬵ͬһ϶Ծ


879 
пܣˮľͲκЩ鷳飬¶ͲֻҪ̽ԭ޴ӱܡ
ˮľҪǱ崩ԽͲõ¶¶Ч
ˮľǡ鷳Ļ괩ǲ׵֣ȡҲЩΣԽߵĺôûܵ٣鷳һѣˮľϴ׶ɱ˲֪ϸ
˵¶ˮľʱһЩ顭
Ϸ˯磬Եֵ¶𣿡
ˮľ϶ûĴģȻõħƬһоͲңɼ롣
бǲܺʵǲףһҲˮľжϰߣð۽ת۵һѡ񣬵ҲкϷ˯ʵһ鷳ҪĲ̫ˡ
ֻҪӲ¶ֶΣ󶼻صʱ̫̣ռĲ
ħƬϷ˯磬ȴʮβġ
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ܹ뵽İ취ǲҲֻнͲд۽Ϊֻ۵;ˡ
һԵϣϷ˯ȴͻȻ˵
һͲдۣԽΪֻô
ô
ˮľüͷмеķˮľҲôΪˡ
ǲǧֵܹ֮ɾֻۣѵʱ̫ˣǲ߻˼ʮ꣬ˮľûôʱ䣬ǲûгɹˮľ¶֮ǰɹĿ̫Сˡ
ϣЦЦ˵
Ͳд۽ΪֻۣҲۣǶ֪֮һ̽Ļ֮һݡûа취ʱͲľһ֮δ̼ʹдۡͲдֱӽΪֻۡǿܷ֮Ȼǰݣôݴ̼ͲдۻʲôЧеĻϷ˯ɣⶫʵǱȾŴβ޸һĴڣҲʮβһ֣ӡڣΪزģôӡʲôģ£ԣ˵ܳɹ

ˮľ˼Ƭ̣Ҳǲܡ
ǲҲֻͲдۣ֮֮󣬾һֻֻдۣ֮ʲô
ˮľӦӲԼݵķ룬ôһĻˮľʵѾͨصҪأôܽƴճҪһʱ֤һ£ĳԻһΣա
ҲûУҲֵһԡ
˭һ⣬Ϸ˯ɲСغףҲǰƬ䱾ˮľִħƬĿں϶ɵĲ
ˮľϷ˯磬һĴڣΪˮľı־ΪϷ˯ˮľһͬԴʵ־
Ϸ˯类ƣˮľ˺ȴɥʧʵԼԼƿء
ˮľϷ˯ҲʹʧǻᰴռȶĲԣеʵԼˮľ帴ƻ
ǳӣǰʲô鷳ˡ
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һ˳ɾɹûʱͻַֻܳԼƣֲֲˡ
Ϸ˯ǸֵĿ⣬ԽԽãǣ˭
ˮľǾԲյģΪƷĳԣȻʵ
ɣ
ϣһֱŵЦݡ
ÿ˶Լʵ̫ϲͻת˴򽻵Ϸ˯Ƚʺң
ףǰ˵ҪǲֹˮͲдۣôˣ
ϣԸеʵѵһЭоʬתͻתҲѾ֪Ե룬ϲɾϣԸ


880 ֵ
ˮľһᣬǴӦˡ
ȻִӡʵЩΣգˮľϷ˯ϵǲߺʮβϵҪܣʲôԣʱͨջء
ȻͲд۾ͲܸˡҲܽеļһ
ϣͷ
ףͲд׼˭ҪںϾ͵þ죬Ҫʵ飡
ôںһ㲻⣬ˮľҲṩĸߵȼϱģʽ֮£ںķӲǺѣ½ֿʵҲӰսֻȺϿҪЭһ¡
һЩԥ
ؼǲֹˮͲдۻһʹñĻᣬֻнĵˮľܷĵؽ佻ʵʹá
ʩչĿ꣬ˮľѾһֱûҵʵĻᡣ
ԭƽĹΣʱͻȻڽ飺
ȱʹú󣬽Ͳд۸Ұɣ
ô
ˮľһ㶡
걻ȥҴıķˣûа۵ĶϷ˯硢۲֮еҲʬ⾡Ľ⣬ǻתĸҪΪĸ֪ȻۣͲдҲ๻ˡ
ˮľͷ
ԣҽһöӰŵλ
У׼ʲôʱʼ
ˣ
ΪһЩⵢʵͿԽС
ؼô֪ϴ춹ɲʲô֮֮ӡֽţֵĿ̫Сˡ
һԽƽʱ֣ʵһ൱صˣ˳Ӳӽ֮⣬ľҶҳ޿ޣܱŸֺˮľ˽½ס
еʱ̸裬ʵ̫ˡ
ˮľȻܹ⿪ʬ⾡ųǰĴӰ꣬ûǻתزġ
ôæУҪһжУʹñס裬ԼԸ顣
Ҳ軹ӡִˮľ֪ģֻһϴ춹ˡ
ˣһСҲ뾡죬͸ϲϵĴ̽սˡ
Ȼе㲻˼ʱˮľҲ˲ôˣһɣҲýȥսһ𣬹Ҳû˹עЩϸ֦ĩڵСˡ

˪֮ѩصĳʢĵļҲı䣬ϷأѩڣһСϪ۶ɵĺҹ䣬ˮϾһ㱡˰ɢ
ƬЩĹȣһֵֻĸĴεһᣬһţһ׷Ӱˮϡ
˵طôĵ°ܶ棬ȻԲҲֻܿ⣬ȴ֪ʲôһˣ鷳ˡ
ÿҲȻɣҲûȥˡ
˵꣬Եָһɢ
ɣԻȥˡ
ľҶӢ˪֮飬Ȼ֪˴µķλ˵ʵһֱû׼ȷϢѣֻǽҲ˳ħ񶯾Ե˵ڸС
ҲҲǿģʽڳǿ֪̽£Ųħ׼ȷλãԼڵ°澲ȴİ׾š
׳ۣ齨ù⣬鷳ˡ
鿴ͷİ׾ţһ̽磬ܹЧֿĻ̽綼ᱻƽ
㹻ǿߣִֻ˵սڻңȻͶ̴Ƥӵ¡
֮£轨̴壬ֱҼһЦ
ȥɣúúѸ֣սҪˡ
ͬʱİĵ£ڵһѿܵǲæµһԵİ׾ͻȻ˵
֮һҲڻظԶ룬ӦѾ¶ˣһ£
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ˣʱ򣬱¶Ҳ޷ңʱռһӴֻϴβĴ棬ĶԾľҶǲؼһʱҽµ룬ȻͿս
ĻѾ˵˺ܶˣʲôʱɣ
ЩرԹ
ҩʦͲʲôֽţ
ǲмҡҡͷ
ʲôܹƭùֻۣͲд۵ǰҲΪ
ǰԶǰʬ壬ϵҪλЩĺڰΪֻźŸӦ
һԶˣ԰꣡
ʹаȻЩΣգ൱٣ȷʵܹøǿս
ؼʱ̣ʱýһг붼ѹȥˡ


881 
عƽ壬ƽ֮⣬ΪǶķ˵ߣˮľҽˮ׼ǰʵСһҲֲˮľġ
ֻҪɳͨҽˮݵļʦܽκãȻǽҽˮݣˮľʩչ
Ȼûʲô⣬Ҳûвг
Ȩ࣬޴ֱ⣬滹ǵڱµ̣Լָʾ
Ѿˣ
ǵģ𾴵ʹߣȷʵбһЩ˽飬ǡ
ƺΪս֮꣬˲Ը˵˵Ļ飬ԼиѾΪˡ
ΪĳЩɣ֮䣬кܶϵڵġ
ȴʹָʾĳĬ˵Ѱ֪˶ãڴһȷ
µΪֹûбΪͲҪǡ
лʹ˵壬ǡ
ˣⲻǸùĵ飬ֻҪסԴͷʹֻ˼ʹ֮һں쳾ܵ˼ţڼˡ
ף
°ɣ
ߡ
ڲϣЩεضԹ˵
˾̴ʣˣ
ͷҲ̧æµţ
ôҲԭյףüΣȽ꣬һ㽫߰ſ£Ȼһ·˿ɱȵġ
¤λǸղ˵֣ǰ̿ԣôΧס߰࣬ʵİϷȷʵЧֻҪΪǿʤĿԾ൱ˡ
ֻϧˮľĵ֮£Իͷӡ費׵ĴҰӣǰػܣ˵ʵսǻδ
Բ˵ʵԭУҪ˾ĲöӰ֮ͱ֧˴ϣͱ˵ֻĥˡ
ȥЩѾûʲôǱĳߣ˻е˼ܹﵽر̵ĵزδزܳΪ̽ǿߣȻǰܹȥ
С̴߳ɲŲף٣رװ·زۣ˳˲μľҶƻһ̿ԣμӹҰ޵ĿӰʱɰٰ̿ԣֻɳķ֮óˮݺͻеˮûٱ֡
Ǹʱ򣬻μӹ̿ԵŮ̡ܽء˯
̴˵ʱܹܹӶβμ̿Ե̣Ѿѵˡ
ǣŮóȫټĸ֪͡
ˣˮľƹ֮
Ϸ˯˵һϵͽһͽҪмֵԽǿȣϷ˯ṩİԽ󣬶жԸ˵ҪҲܸߣԽھ񡢻س־ᶨͽԽѵһ䱦
ȻСϲܹǵƤӵһˣôöûб֣Ҳȷʵѵˣ˵ǿϵ˲ţ
ϣϷʵĻùƲƲ졣
ңзֲ˵ģֻѾûʲôֵŮϻʱˣ֮ǰΪûз֣û˵ʲôǺαض£
鷳βսʱͿԽС£ʱȻҲϷŹˮľҲپ塣
ǾͲʵС϶Ƥӵ£Ҳǲ⣬ϾĵطҲͳš廨˲پȣҲȷʵܡֻҪӰǾˣֻҪǿеûбѣôУ
ǵǰΡʹˡʹӲ£ȥҲûǵʵСֻǹҵĳǲǹúã˭ĲȤȻһζû飬ǸŮӡ

βмЦЦ
ʵȫȡ֮ǰȫû˼˵˵ûʲôθУνҲֻͬ顪ͳǿӸģСϲʺϵߣҲʺŪȨҪľҶ壬ǸϽӱȽϺãˣӦ˲ܵ̽ıʹ˹ҲǺ£
С֮Ӫ꣬ܶ೤Ų飬Сʹǰġ
鱨ʾ֮ĳ˶ʹҲܸߵıߣܹСֱӶݵĹ¶Լܽء˯ͬ£Сжһ㶼֡


882 ʩС
ȻСϲˮľ鷳ˮľȻҲӶЭ̣ˮľҲûʲô뷨ֻҪǹ֮ȻǵˣʲôСܣˮľùġ
Щʱ鲻ᰴԼеչˮľ£СϲԼ뷨
һž޴ֽʳӰεضȻԼٶ֮֮ȥ
Ǹʲô
Ȼ֮۴αȵĸ߲㽨洩Уټһֱ߲̫꣬ãǺܴ󣬵ˮľԸǶյĽ磬Ϊˮľ޷̶ֳȵĶǾʵ̫ˡ
Ϣ뿪ôҪôҡǷֲˣ
θ֪һᣬ֮˵
ҲСϱеĻ棬Ӧλʺǵĵ鱻СϷˡ
˵
ϣЩ˼˵
Ϊǻܽء˯ݣȻ֮Ůߣ
ҲҪи޶ȣ˼򵥵ļ֪Ҫ֤ʲôˮľҪǲ⼸ͱʬ塣
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ͷ۵ذ˰̫Ѩ
Ե׷һ£ϳ֮βܣļһ˵ΪǻŮ̲Ӷ̽ע治֪ôģǲǻҪݳһѿƣǶЩǣ
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ȥɣ
ηͷĹ
ʱȣҪЩĵ顭
ϣЦе˵
Ҳ˵׼ɣС뿪ܻȥǲ鷳ôҲһ̽·ȷ棬ʵʵҲˣƻһһɣҲǲˡ
ֻҪãֽϷټһѵ𱬷ˮľҪûʱռҲ㿿֮СϴҪǰѺò׻ܵƿƿ޹޶ˣǿɾͿˡ
˵ǹƥûкô·ȻЧ˼ɵ̫ˣʱҲʮľ

ľҶˮľֻͨ磬˽һ֮֮󣬾Ͳˡ
֮£ôƭϴ춹Ҫ
֪Ѿ˵ʱ˲ģˮľϴ춹֮ӡ֣Ǹ
ڵϴ춹ԲʲôС䱾ʵԼۺʣҲϳˣֻΪԸԭһֱͣر̵ĵȼ
ȻƽʱЩףڹؼϼٳӣԣίΣ־ŲͻȻ֮󣬸ϡֱ֯ӵ֮⣬ϴ춹֡
Ȼˮľʱ˵λȨһҲţֱӼϽ˺൱࣬⣬ԲǼ򵥵ܷܹȥġ
Ҳܽе鶼Ƶ֯ϣҲҪи޶ȣӡ⣬һɵĿ϶ǰƵļһ
Ҫ˵ˮľȷʵҲ̽ˣûк͹Ϲϵ
Ǵ־Ųظ˼ɵˮľɲڻۡ
ºֹеѣ
ܹ˲Ʒϴ춹ץѱˣ̽ҲָǸģˮľҲҲӿɵˡ
Ψһеİ취ϴ춹ڱע֡
һô
Ա˵޼ƿʩˮľ˵໨˼Ҳǲܡ
ˮľ֣µؽе˻Ӱ칫ңʱ򣬲ϣһ㲵ϴ춹͵ˡ
ˣ
ˮľаϲϲɫ߽
ִ֪˽ʲô£ǧͷսܶ࣬뿪̫ã
ЩҲдʣ̽齨ڼܶྯ߶Ҫǧͷ飬ټϿڣˮľȷʵ൱æµҪʵżһæˮľ͸ɲȥˡ
ʱ鷳ҲǲѣЩ飬֮ûܸ㶮ˡ
ֱʾصͷ
춹ϵ֮ӡӦ֪ǴֱʣȻżзһֱ屣ȶֻ죬ƵسƷӡȻʱʲôΣգʵ˲ʤţ㿴

ԭˮľ֪ǵ÷ܼ䡣
ӡԾԭܶ࣬Ҳ˵ãǵúúüһ¡
ɫЩ԰׵ϴ춹ˮľмЦЦ
鷳ˡ
ƽʱԪŮߣѾĥûƶˡ
ӡ¹ʣˮľ˵Ȼ鷳һ㣬ֻҪúãӡ֮عĲ̫ѡ


883 
һű˸㲻ļжƣ
ǴҪģؼǻȨľƿء
֮ӡֶֻҪǴ踴ˮľǺ˵˵Ҳû˷ֱó
ż̫ߣ̫רҵ֪ʶһô
֪ʶıˣⶼģֻ˵յ֪ʶ
ϴ춹ϵӡ״ȻʵˮľϣȻˮľˡ
ͬԴֵ֮úԣҲˮľ˵ġ
β֮ĲĹرͻǰˮľһΣһβغڸƿӡˮľһβغ׵ĲΪȻýʩչģʽͷ˱ߵ¹ʡ
֮ҲƵҪȻ־˺ҲôʩչϱҲ
̥ӡҲƵڣˮľûнӡʱӴǲϴ춹ӡʱǱһΣˮľѡ
ľҶָƵˮľϴ춹ȥĵص㣬ʹʱʵȻŨȣȻ䵽ڸͬ͵ӡϴ춹ϵ֮ӡʱԾ
ȻЩ˼ҲûʲôΣ
֮ˮľҲӦ֮⣬ˮľ첻̽Ҳûʲôܹˡ
ˮľĽ£һ䲼˸ַӡ֮ڣϴ춹ھ޴ķӡ룬ܱգˮľεط˲йĿԡ
˵ҪڳΧۣһ̫ˣԵ¸صҽ˵ʱ˵ȸߣȻ飿
ǻˮľƷҲû˻ˮľʱĿŵضϴ춹
Ҿžˣ
þûоϴ춹ؿΧķӡƣöǰʦڴʱҲйľЩʲô飬ͱϴ춹ѹĵס
ҪҪЩ׼
ˣ
ˮľһΧ״Ȼעϴ춹ϡ
Ȼеۣŵ㡭ȻˣûסҲûʲôϵ
ˮľ˫ֽӡĶȻ˳Ÿ֪ӿڡ
ιǸʲô
ˮľϵƸǣϴ춹Ҳһ
ѵģʽʹõḶ́ôأȻҪôԴ
㵱Ȼòô鷳ҪضԴģǴ衭
Լܾʹ֣ϴ춹԰׵Ҳһ
ѾˣõôСģ
ˮľЦЦûлش𣬿ģʽ֮һȻϴ춹ϵ֮ӡ
۵ܲ˵ĻгҲûйϵ涼
ι˵úҾҪôˣܲܺڣ
̫ˣſ񣬷аӡҪνĵֿˣһᴦõġ
Ȼ˳ˮľӿ֮ӡԭӡͲôķаӡʱɫӡ·ϴ춹ĲѸӣƬ֮ͱ鲼ȫͻı仯û׼ϴ춹ʱҽҵʹ鲼ȫѹȸжʱŮ˹ȥ
ûз֮ģѹֻᱻ׾ٵƭˣ
ˮľѾ²֪ϴ춹Թһ䣬ջƣȻѸٽӡϴ춹ϵķаӡóһŲ԰׵飬ϴ춹ϵ֮ӡ棬ͨĴ̼ϼǱصִ
ൽˣ裡
ԭ飬ͻȻʼӿһŰߵͷ״ȻӵĹһ״ߴ֮ӡ˳֮󣬹۲ΧĶʶԼûа취ѣò仯ΣϤݳˮľǰ
ˮľĿԣûԤϵҸľȻ㣬ѵ˵Ѿʧ˵ǰ㿴ϵļֵ
õϸԼģǻŰ׾ϸδ֪ʵ壬ܻˮľĺ֡
ҸոոҲ޼Ͳȫʢ״̬ˮľĶ֣ʱһʵǿһ̣ܹô޵
ˮľǰϤļһҲԼҹλصʣҲֻԼϵӡ
ÿ˶õģȻֻһԼʧƷҲһǴ
มˣٰ֪
ȻνЦ
ȻɹĿԺСˣûгʧܣĻҾͲվˡ
һɹʸߵĳԣʮоɹҲôߵڣ·ҲҪȥ


884 
Դ·ѡˮľûжȤǶδ֪̽ˮľû̫Ŀ
ﲻ˵ĵط뿪
ԭֻӰңͻȻˮľʵһץסļʩչ֮֮ʹ˲ʧֻˮľͻԲѵϴ춹ֵŮߣжˮľľٶҲЩɻ󣬲Ҳ벻ˮľĿͲ
Ȼ踴ˮľкҪҪϴ춹ȻˮľõĹߣȻñ֤İȫ
踴Ȼ֮ӡִһ֮ӡʧǲʮȭӡһִ֮ĸͽӡûϵ
ǲϴ춹ϵ֮ӡȷʵʧˣԭʵܼ򵥣룬ӡĴߣҲû취ӡ󱬷֮ѹեӡһ֡
ոոĴʮҪ±ҪԱòϵ֮ӡά
⣬֮ӡʧԭĳЩƿǶʱ򣬻ὫǵԼĵһζĿԵѡ
ֱܣǴ֮ӡʱ׼õģԽߣ֮ӡԽǿ󣬴踴ʱԽȫ汾ܣҲ⡣
ϴ춹İ˶ţһҲӰ첻ˡ
ӡ󱬷֮˺ҲΪأˮľҪϴ춹Ҫ֮⣬ҲҪڵȴĸһ㽻һʵǿر̽ˮľϣܲһԵֲܡ

ˮľƿҵĴţԲѵϴ춹ֵʱ򣬻ɵû뿪ˮľϡ
ôôãң춹ܲӣ
õģ͸֧̫أϢͺˡ
֪
ֻеġ
պ춹ӦòжذɣôŪӣ
ˮľʼ硣
α겻αķ˵к֢һݵؽ
һݣ
һ㶣漴ע⵽ϴ춹ϵ֮ӡѾʧ
ôģǲʱòô鷳Ҳòðհɣ
Ըֵҽ裬Ȼ֪֮ӡĶǶôΣգҪ׷룬ƱҪ˺һֻ꣬Ǿܵ˺ƫҲˣؼܻðΣգ˭Ҳ֪϶ֽŵ׻ʲô鷳
ʱһûôǿӡоҲûô͸ؼǡ
ˮľ¶һЦ
Ǹʱ򣬴û
һǹؼɣ
ˮľûзϡ
ĶԸǺ鷳
ȻϵǺ˵Ҫû֮ӡľִܵѹƣûа취롣
ðɣ
Եؼһϴ춹״̬ȷʵûʲô֮󣬸Ҳġ
ɣʲô⣬һġ
ףķԸ
飬ˮľȻòصϴ춹Ҳ˺󻼣Ҳ֮ӡʹ˰ҲǺ¡

ɽأˮľ鷳ֵ֮Ѿǰĵط
ˣ˵ɣҪʲô
ȤزιˮľʵҵĴ͵Ȳˣֻб˵ȱ˵ĵΪΪ⣬ЩҲòһ¡
üҲǺܵģҲɱ㣿
νش
Ǳ˵⻰ֻ˵̫߿ԼˡҪɱңͲ˵Ļᣡ
ðɣˮľ˼ʮ߲¶ˣֻҪ軹һ죬Ͳ֪ʲô̵ĺ֣һɵ׵
˵е
ˮľתͷóһҺУװһɺҹ
дۡԣͲдۣ־ŲǸһսƷȻ
ʶԼ³ĴҲЩüЩȻ
Ҳã˵֮ͻɱңֻҪţз̵Ļᡣ
㵹ÿ
ˮľҲͺá
˵̽˭±񣬳ˮľƾǴˡ
ˮľ㹻ǿľ񹥻׻Ʊ屻Ť־ˣˣȻΪĿܡ
ʵҲ࣬Ȼˮľõĺ覣ӵдֳִͨɵ־ţڱҵĲУûǿӵ־
ֻǴֶ̫Ҳ֮ڶԵЧ


885 Ⱦ
㹻ʱĴȵ𣬶ˮľҲûԶƴ衣
Ƕʧ֮ĳͷĻҲʵǱӦòӰ죬Ҹߣ˵벻ջ񡭡
㵹ÿ
һ׼õ½̨ϵˮľãʼ׼ֲǲֹˮͲд۵
ҪʹñһΪ÷ֲͲдۣ
Ƚ⣬⣬Ƚ鷳
ɲ
νصͷתΧˮľռһЩʵ걾
＼оߣܻ̲סչʵ飬Լ϶ֽţںһЩżѵԤеʱѾ쵽ˣҲֻܰɡ
ˮľȻǶԱ˺ݣԼݵĽɫһ㣬˶ԼͬزȡͬĲԡ
ϹŴѪ޽ڣȻڶãֱԼֲ⵹ʲôϵĽ񱣬ǳڰȫĿǡ
ԽǿԱȽϲʱ򣬴ΣԽо˺ܶ˶ף̽Ŵʮִʡ;֮໥żΪԣֲдۡͲдۣºժʹûֲǾԲһģҪȻΪʲôűת֮Ϊʲôֻ۵
ʱöѣӦòǺܴ󣡡
֮Ѫ޽ȷڸǿȺ˷¶Ӱ컹Ҫ
һеԪףľΪʮǰĿӦͲд۵Ŀôòıƣ״Ѿ˺ܴı仯ڿˣȻ󱻻תܿҲͲдۡ
ת䣬˵ǲѪľѪںϣǿĲãԼӦǲͲдۣкĻȻǲȻûκѪԵϵʹд۾Բ񿨿
ĸı䣬󲿷ֶûʲôΣʱҲһȮڣΪȮʩչ̷ʹߣȮڣǺ£ˮľɲҪس
ԽǿѪ޽磬Խԣǲѣͨ＼оߣǲԼϺѪ޽ģԭҩʦԼעѪ޽ϸŪ˲˹󲻹ǰ֮ĵ·ȻռԴ뼺ԲֲܿƵ³çΪ
ÿһо߶עⱣĴԣⲻΪ˰ȫҲΪ־Ť
ֲܵӰģʵҪȻΪʲôתΪʲôô׾ͽβ޲
ȻģʽҲضãܸȻϮ͵űʧȥҵķӣ߳ΪȻһְɣһľɽʯ
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ˮľƲƲ죬ⶫõẈ̂
д۲ֹǾľֻһɹ۵ķŴ󾵡
͸Ŵ󾵾۽ܹøӵ¶ȣõĻ׼ԼɾͲʲôˡ
ͨ˵ľһƬһֻд۾ڵ̰ϿһӣԭƽĺˮйĵطһƲã׷¹ʣĵ̰ӣǿɾͲһСˡ
ڣҩʦģʽͲдԼڵĴ£ռͷĳˡ
ˮľԼֲǲֹˮͲдۣȻСģԼı壬Ȼܣò״޶ԼȻϮ֮°ѳˮľԲٸԼκ޿ɿص
˶ֲˮľȻİûãͲд۾ͱֲɹˡ
ס˫۵ˮľظʹͲд۵
첻ѵͲдۣҲûʲô̫رĵط˲˾̾
һͨˣزͲдۣҪ˵ӦãܹúõսͲˡ
˵⻰ֻᵱԲѵĴ
һҲûнԼҪ˵ľ򣬺ϾؿˮľӦͲд۵
иҩټԼҲˮƽҽߣһĴˣٹһҪȫˣҪ鷳ôͲд
ˮľЩ͵ؽס˫۵Ĳ֪һΧĶ֮۾¶һ˫Ͳдۡ


886 Ȼ
ͲдۣûʺԼͫҲֻܽ䵱ǿսһĴ˫нѹִ迴Щֻ
УͲд۵ļֵҲˣЩд۸Ӳᱻϡ
˵Ķǲá
峺߲ͬˮľоԼĶ̬ӾǿΪֲĵز
˲ӦǣӽǺȾѪɫɴһ¶ĺȻûʲôӰ죬˲Ӧ
˭Ҳû´һɫ۾硣
ܹõó񣿡
赹ǺܸȤ
ֲһֻ۾͹ˣֻд۶װϣĴ˲٣ΪҪһɣܺ
ˮľÿɷһͲдۺд֮лÿһα仯ĶˮľۣۿڵѹˮľҲͷǣԼ쳣ǿ󣬿Ժˡ
Ȼд۹زȻڣˮľɲľ֧ġ
µûֲֻͲдۣˮľ뿴ܺβ޻ģʽˮľϷ˯絽ʲôһЩĵطȻˡ
ѾܺɫͬһɫľŲӿˮľ⣬㼯γһ޴ĹǼܽˮľУˮľʹõò죬Ҳûг̫Իûнʵҳơ
һ̵ɫǲĻɫǲԵɫſȴһȻļᶨӺݣӦǲֹˮľӦ
ܺѹҲСʱʹÿܻɺܴ˺ҪǣԾѹȼءȻҪ־ᶨߡټϲ޴󡢻ָ㣬Ҳúܳʱ䣬˶ɣԽǿߣܺԽǿ
һ㵹Ǻʮƣ˵չıȻ
˵Ǵ־ʩչܸܺоЩң
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ˮľתһ룬þͲˣʵ˵˾ķǲʩչܺҲľˣΪǲʱ֮ǰ
Ȼҩʦ＼ԼģʽӦÿǿʹãԼͲдۣûʲô͡
־ŲûʵߣҪ˵ܺҪʹñа᪶Ҫֲϸ
ˮľڵϸҲ˰׾ϸĺöû̫Ӳϵơ
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Ͳд۴ճһܷ֮ӳܺǾ֣̽Ϊ̽һָѪ޽磬ȷʵ֮
ˮľҲģⲻܺͨĸеģԼľִĳɳϣ˲뷨
ȻˣЩԺҪģҪ飬ʹñס裬ʱƣҲ㹻ˡ
ʵ˼²ȱȫ֮ܺˮľɴؽˡ
ˮľҪĿꡣ
Ҫ𣿡
üͷһ£ЦЦ
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ûʲôֻЩп
ˮľ֪־ŲصıѾõ֮ǰˮľе׼˻޶ľ֮⣬ǵľ־ŲʱԼ޷ı
ģʽгɹԼ׶ȫ¶֮ǰˮľеľԻִţΪ취Ը
ڣɱȴԼȻֻһԵˣȻԽˮľü޵⡣
۵д˲Ҷ糵״ʱ̣ˮľеڵĲ̵ĺˮһӿ۵Ͳдӿȥ
ΪϢԵʣȻܴ󣬵ȻˮľԤƵķΧ֮ڡ
ʱ屻յ޸УȻˮľеǰһ߶ʼģˣԾأ۽˺ɫѪ
ˮľĸ֪Уǹһβ̵ʱ䣬ʵϻʩչЧֻ˲Ĺ
ΧʲôӦѾʩչˡ
ˣ
˷ѽǴķӦƺûʶԼѾǿ
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䲻вǻسдĵضѾķˡ
ʩչĻʾʲô
Һҵкô
⻹õű񣿡
Щ졣
ⲻȻģѵһѡ񣿡
ȷǰôģ
ˮľصЦЦ
ܴô㣬ڿʼĺܳһʱڣѾȿǵ


887 Ļ
һʹͲд۵ͫĵΣؼǾѹܴ۾ոտʼĥϣûʮֵĳ죬ˮľʩչ˱֮۵ú
ھ֮󣬱ͲдǳֵԼϹ˵ĴҲʧ
鷳ûǲѪͳʹͲд۾Ȼôࡣ
ۺͷ˵ļʵϸͫͲ̽ԭǼ̳ߴͲľҹѪͳ̽ĸҸ󣬵ֻҪȶԶдôź
Ȼ߲ͫչѶȶס
ΪˣԭúһͲд۵ˮľɴٴʩչдժȻԼ۾
ԭװ
ˮľһֵһӽǣˮľʵڲϰߡ
ʱ䣬赹ûж죬ֻĬĬؿˮľʩΪ˿ܶˮľΪЩ죬ڴ迴ȴˡ
ȻˣǲǿԸңӦô˰ɣѾ˼ңӦʲôҲɵɰɣ
ɣ
ˮľ¹һʱ䣬Ȼˮľ˵ǻǲֹˮͲд۵ʩչƴ裬û˷̫ʱ䣬ϾҲһʱ£ˮľľҶôҲһصĴʱ뿪ߣȷʵЩ˻ɣһڴϴ춹֮ӡЩɵ֮
⣬Ŀǡ
ʵֲˮľѾĵǲֹˮͲд۵ʱˮľȴʹЩ鲻òúýһ¡
ȣмһˮľѾõֵߣһֱˮľﶼûʲôóΨһôоķӡʽʱһοֵˮľһЩ·ıҲһЩ˽⡣
̽յ򵥣ܹģһЩɫļһ
ҿʲôȻõҲ˽⡭
ԴڡľҶƻܵĿӰԳնʩչʬ⾡ȡ˫ʩչ֮󣬴йһЩо
ԴмǿӡԼ˴ںܳһʱڣ趼ЩԼ˽˺ܶ飬ʬ⾡ĽȻûƣԼˡ
ԼϵߣΪոոʵ͸֪δָܺܺõزʲô⣬ҲӰжϡ
мõıɣȻ㽫õ֣Ӧ֪Ŀ϶֪ˣҪʲôҵ⿪ʬ⾡»һԣòŷҲɣ˵ʲô뷨
ˮľԴ
ĶѺѾսǰĴӰһ޷ӵս
ת
üͷ
̴սƺòǰɣλȴӰĻսƵĻ̽綼ûа취ܺõĿƣ޲Ĳ֮ʵ̫鷳ˡ
Ȼ˵ҪǣȻܹæĵط
˼һᣬЩҪ졣
սҲ͸ֻţټ̴Ӱ̵սҲһܹԸˣܹôءٴеĻ֣̽ʮҲôһյ˼ˡ
¶ȤЦݡ
ǰ֯ʱҾ˵ǲߵĴ˵ҲһЩ׼һ֪ȷǲѾˣԳǲߵļһȫðƻΨһ鷳ǲ߱ת̳ҵŲҩʦӦÿһ֣Ȼµĵ·Ǽչеģ֯͡ĻҲֵú׼һ
ôΪҲаɣ
֮սĻ֣ˮľʱ̫࣬Щ飬ֻ׼Ǹʱ򣬲дӦԵĿԡ
ԣλȴӰʩչתزģ⿪ʬӡ㱻ӡ˫ҲֱָܹʩչҪӡõ˫ֵƣʹûתλȴӰĻ塭
ָ˫ֵƣı굹Ҳʣǽ⿪ʬ⾡ҪٻҪˣ
ˮľͷش
Ҳ⣿òʬתһˣ˵Ҹ׼ʱʲô
ǾûʲôˣһϣܹṩһǹʹãĻҿɰﲻʲôæԲ˷һαʹûĴۡ


888 
ҪҲˮľԤ֮С
ò׸ΪԭٴľûĻˡ
ԣռǲߵϸڻõû
ҡҡͷ
ӦòУ϶ڶˣԴҵ˫ֲܽӡ֮ʩչת벻İеĻܶĲ롣ֻҪزĵߵĻ壬Ӧöˡ
λȴӰ걻ĶܿҲӲҩʦĺ֡
ˡ
״ˮľͿǵˣҲǺ⡣
ˣʱָʵ֤㹻ʩչΪ֮ʱδˣҲԹҡ
Цͷǣ
ʱ㹻ˣ
ʱĴԭбǲʱ˲٣ûʩչҩʦṩͬԴգҲûа취ֱʩչһһ
ʱˮľҲġ
λǰӰĻ壬ʵǿ˾ĵزƣ˵ơ
ڻ֮սʱòŽƼ˦ڹؼʱϮãõѡ

Դ֪Ǳ˪֮ġ֯أҾ飬Ҳȷ˵׼ȷλú;ս֮󣬾ܵ鱨ѾľҶ巢˸̴Ӱ
ʵв̽齨ٶٴǰɸ̴࣬ȻȷҪսսĿϸƻѾʼճ̡
Ե˵ľҶǵ֮̽ǿ֯߾ӵĹģǶֵԶԶ̴壬̴Ҳһǰֲһ£β޶֯ץ˲٣ҪٴκľҶƽѾˡ
ûС֯в̽ĴдڣľҶ̽Ǵʵ¼ڶͬһӪѣѾԽǿȻԽ˷ġ
ȻҶ֪սüޣȴ֪һ쿪ʼʢĵѾȥ֮Ҫ＾ģĹѾһʼһе°볡ƽľûˡ
ٴαŰ˪֮ˮľʵ꣬ҴԼڰ۲Ѿһʱˡ
ȻӵһֻۣüΪ죬˸һļ󣬵Ǹ⣬Ĳ̫޴󣬶ҼѿƣòĿǰĳ̶ȣһȫ͸֧³ʲôԽ⡣
Ҫײսڶ͸ṩͳȫֵҰ
С˪֮Ȼǽӵ˸ַ񣬰ûǲ˽жģϵҲԵ
֯ĻصʵѾӽβٴɰΪ˽ӦﶺͬԼ̴ɵߣһЩ˳񣬱ҵһЩء̡֯Լǿе̽ȵȡ
֪֪˰սʤ̽ȻûƵĵǹͨġ
˼Ѳ֮ҴΪߵĸܡ
ȻЩ˷ܣһЩã
ϢʱˮľЩҴ˵
Ϊղ鹢ڻ
ţܸоǰе㲻һ
ǵȻɲϷǰĹҲȫһ£
ͨ˵ȫͬģͰ׬ǮڡȢӣ֮һж˷츲صı仯
߲ǹһʽսҲݵ̽磬û߻᲻ɱˣѪе̽úƽԸǲʵʵĻ롣
ȻҴҪߣɱһǿ϶ҪȥģǰҪ˵ɱˣɱɱ㶼ûйϵҴ壬᲻еĲ
˵£ÿһ˶ǿ飬һܹΡİõɱ¾ͬ࣬άֲȥڽĵ·ƣҲֹͬɱ¾֮С
ͬеĶѾʧˣĶͬౣʶģ澺бҪȻĻǲɱ˵ġ
ɱη֮ģ˸еķӦÿһְˣ;󲿷ͨѾ˺ܴĺ蹵
ڣҴ͵ѡҪʱ̵Ĺؼ㣬ȻѾüνǿˣҴûнκһɱˮľȷҴΥԼ׼²ȥ֡
һˣˮľͽ߳ˣ߶Ҳ˵Ҵ壬ˮľ൱ĵģΪļһ˽ߵһ¡


889 
һͨ˳ɳΪһϸߣҪĥѵ
ĴҲ˶ģеʺϵߵ˲ţеѧʵôĳͣЩӱʵıԲϵĻҲǺѳΪһϸߡ
ҴȻΪ̫ݣкܶľҪۣߵѷϸز˵ǵģʵ飬ĳҪ˵ǵߣκְҵá
Ҵڲ֮УΪⲿˮľѾ׼ˣճҲչˣȻƽʱһ͵ˣûгϸϸҴȱٵĶԽֻǵĵƹһʱļϰ߾ֲ˵ġ
ܴҴľȻصͷЩĲɵؽ׼õĸ͡
ⶫڼķѳԶˣ
ЩСıԹˮľҲһЦ
⣬ĴպģбҰ׶ξͲˣʱڣʲôΣգʳסжάֵľѾǸ˵ˡ
˭̽ģ
Ҵһ˼ҪߣδҲû˼Ųʼįģдı£Ȼȥһʵܲô룬ĲпʵҴҲǰδеã
ٹʵĴҲ䷲ʱʳסУǳԺ˯ⲻˡ
Ȼˣʹ֪ŮΪԴ֪ŮҲҪʺ󣬾ҲϲԪŮ˵ķլǲһġ
òڵߣҲоָεʱее׸ֲҪҴԼˡ
û˭ܰˮľҲУֻܶഴᣬʱˡ
Ҵصس궫ƺʵ
Ҳɱܶˣ
ɡ
ͷΪˮľʵûмҲҪǲԼɱ˶ˣټϱĻɱ鶼ˮľֵѪȡ
ԣҲʲôˣҪΪҶƣ;ǸĴˡ
ÿһ˵󣬶˵ûи߹ͼ֣֮ҲûƶĲһһһͨ˽ɱߵӰ춼һġ
һ˶ûɱսȫǰ׾߿ֲĹ
ܵϻӰʱάס̽ĺƽ漣ȫ̽ӳֵϲܹʵֵ񻰡
ίУԼ֮ó͡е߰ɣҪʧˣߵսڰĽսҪö࣬ۺνֻͨ˿ߵõĴ
Ҵ𣿡
Цҡҡͷ
̸ϴȷֻϣףʮ·ڣδҪʲôǸѡˡ
˵һܻиָѡ񣬵ֻȼԺ޷ͷľӴ˾ͻϲ·ǰҴҲáԺҲգûпǹҲԣڿʼ͹ˡ
ţꡭԣһǽˮľɣһһƬã֮еʱȫʹϮѹ˫ۣǻ谵ĵʵңһʱڣΪǾȫ磬ֱҿ⡭
㻹ǵЩ
Цҡҡͷʲôνʵϸ˵굮ʱҴ廹Ҫ䲻˼䣬̳ˮľļ䵮꣬϶ҴҪϳɵöࡣ
ʱ̣ôǵģ
Ҵѵ¶һ˿֮ɫ̶ƽȷʵû̫Ҵ޻ζ£ԼԵɣˮľȴԭԭ߹Ҵ壬Լļ䣬ǷѡԽҴ壬ͽԼݵƴ˸߰˰ˡ
ͨ˳ʱ򣬴Ժ͸йٶûзȫм䣬Ҳ̵ӡҪôҪôԺﲻٳ֡
Ҵ岻һж־ʱѾһСӵˣӵ֪Ҵ壬ԷԼϵ飬ڻǼ¡
Ǹʱѡһǳʲôǣ˵Ӧöû̫֪ܹ֮ΪˣҲˡҴ塯ְɣҵһҪľġڣԼԼδ˺ܾãҾһߣ

ˮľЦһҴ뵹Ҳ޿ɺǣҩʦڱ˵ŵļһҴߵ·ˮľҲһ
˵˵ҺܸȤ


890 ׼
߹ңҪҵԼ̵ҪΪԼĿеߣʲô㣬ҲǺ밴ԼԸһ£
Ѫɱˣ
Ҵصصͷ
˵Ժ󲻻ɱˣҲΪҪΪ߶ɱˣҾԼоһɱߵʱһ¶ġ
ǴԲţ
ˮľǰҴļһĸͷúܿ죬Ѿˮľ˶ˣǰĨͷ
ȻѶЩʧô㻹ЩǰһĶ
ˮľο˵
еߵˡǲԳжϵģԶʱߡսʱߡ̽սеߺڵߣʵż𣬱еߣǱ˵Ŀ˵۹ѹѹһˡңҲܾδ
ûȫһģһģͨ˿Ⱥ϶ŸָıǩУͬߵķֱʵܲȺڲҶԸܵԼ˵Ĳͬ壬̬ķչУ仯ġ
ְҵĹӶԣЩ𽥵һһȶһʱỹԴƣȷʵڷĳЩ仯Գɰ˹ʹػĴڡ
δ˭ܹԤϵ
ǲǻͨȺԽԽչһԲͿѧںΪĵ̽ɫ
ʱΪǮɱ˵ĹӶԻ᳹
ԲͬİǿҲֻˮľҴԵãеļ뷨
Լ飬ҪǷ˴ҿǲģ
лл㣬ˮľ
ɵЦˣԺ鷳ˡ
ȻҴģļһЩͣʵϾôá
ûˮľҴ岻Ҫ˵ϰΪʽѶȶܴ
ҴԼߣԼѡ񣬵Ҫɲһ׵顣
ԣúŬɣøǿʵֲ˵ġ
ÿ˶³ɵԸֻиǿվøߵˣиѡȨ
󲿷ˣòʵĴίԼ־ձԼ˵ӡ
ˮľȻǿҴôѡ񣬵û㹻Լһдĺ֮ǰܹΪڷ絲ֱܹ꣬ǰеһ졣
ҴԼҪֵġ̵ʲôȥɣļһҲֹһ̽ʧ֮ĵļһ˿õϣ

ԴӽϷ˯ִӡˮľʵϣ֮ˮľݵ˳ĽϣĹĿ
ȻֻںһħĲƬ֮ͽϵĽ࣬ǿвʮβӡǵȨܸԭѿݵĴţǿΪˮľһӣˮľܹӵ̽ײܡ
Ϊʺ;ΪͳһݺݣҲʲô飬ֻһ༫һѡ
Ѿ֪Ȼγɵԭ򣬵̨ױ׳١
ݺˮľĹϵ֮ƣˮľĲοоҲһ֪ȷĵ·ϣΨһʱ䣬ڣϣݵеƣʵˮľеϲ
Ȼݻ磬Ѿ˲ĻһʵڲеĻˮľҲõıҪĲȴʩ
ȻҪ飬ƿʬ⾡ǰĴӰĻ彵ٵ̽磬Ϊˮľļƻһ
Ҫĸǰ̽ǿǺƻˮľļƻͲòʱнǵȵǲ߶սʱǳ֡
̫籩¶ˮľʩչߵ꣬Ͼʲôһ⣬Ҳʵڲòȡ
УĿӰԳնĴĿӰˮŻ˵ֻҪСһ㣬Ӧⲻ
ĿӰǧǻתߣȻƣѾģһЩ𣬵ǧ˵һСģܾͻᱻҵ©⿪תԼжɡ
ڳĿӰǧ䣬Ǿ͸鷳ˣˮľǿ϶ٶǲ֮ǰеģ̽紫˵ǿߣƾԹĲͿʹѻתʹһֶΣƽʱЩٸһöĵĳĿӰͲˮľԺܿɵļһ߻Ǵ̡
ΧĽѾ׼ˣһʧأˮľͻ磬λǰӰĻʱӡ


891 ʵ
оϵִ츳ˮľΨһȽƵģǰѧϵͳĽ߼˼ʽڷӡͽҪ֪ʶۺʽŵԽ
ڽоԼŰĴ뷽˼άȷʵˮľ硣
ȻˮľĿǰߵ·ȴԶΪ뱨ѹɵĽʵ˾ôɵǰоˮľ賬Խǳ顣
ĲǴ˻δȫɵʨӳѨȻϵƣȵʨӶˣıʳᱩ¶
ˮľģڻռоƵʱŬߵĸ߸Զ֮ޣԼϳѶȡ
ϵһ鱨ӽǣʼԭʼۣʵӰ㹻µĸ߶ȣǵ˽ǺӹսƵʱˡ
ھˮľոԼƷµĹʵʱˡ
һΣʩչתĵص㣬ԭеǲءϺ磬ˮľԶ½ĺ֮еĺ֮ǴľӪʵҾݵ֮һΪ֪פأҲˮľԼúĵطָСӣģʽĵصҲǺԶ
ʵεĸоô
ѵûصΪ絺СطһʱˮľΪչʾģʽһ絺һǴ˺ףڣϱƻĺۼȻڡ
⿴˿ȻЩĵӦ͵
ӺǰҲûʲô𣬾ǵе죬ѾûʲôмֵĶˣ
ˮľЦЦ
ĽҰ룬ָܹܹʲôջôԶҲֻΪ˱˶Ŀ
ǴĸλǰӰٴðС
Ǻ֮ıˣһûʲô飬ҲǰһֱźϮĿֲ˵Ըûʲô˻Σյĵطˡ
ĿӰԳն֮½ʵңһͱˮľɨһգþûڵĵطѾ͸һùζΪ̫ʪԭ⻬ʯ棬Ҳһǳ̵̦
Լˣ·ʵңƺûʲôرĸп
ôͿ㿪ʼɣǵʱƺǺܶˡ
о˵ֶеţԭʵʱ˷νϣǾԲɽܵġ
ˮľΪصͷߵݸϣȻĸƷİ׾óΪתļƷͬʱóһ߹ʩչʬתĿտ
ˮľΪԼ׼ԭɫͻȻ䡣
סңǴģ
˵ԭ׼ҪǲܸĻΪתزģû뵽˳Ǿ͸ɴһɣ
־ŲΪץ裬ʹ˱ıĻᣬȴҩʦƣҩʦƵĴĿܡ
ȻܹƭȡͲдϴô;Բܡ
ʩչʬתѾܶˣǣԭڴ壬һֱûбûдȻܹ˳µƭ־Ųؽĵˡ
ԭڴ壬Ȼ˿ܣȻвϸлԣɰ֮Ы˿ܺһҩʦƵĴĿҲвֱϸ
Ȼأ߱壬ͨ־Ų䵽ˮľ
תûбҪˣԸЩŵϸһǣȻûвҲˮľľĵ֮£ȻάŴת֮ǰģ
תתֻص㣬˻
ȻʮģǣоõʧٶȺĻӦûкܳȻûսļӳɣҲҪ̫ǿսң˫ֵƻָ֮ʹԼԭ壬Ϸ治ùĥϣҲ൱ѡԺԼ⣬ٻһˡֻһβʬתҪȺܾˡ
е׼ãˮľּһΧĽĲ֮󣬲ô迪ʼʩչ
ʩչҪǳŲסˣǲġ
ˣô˵С𣿡
Ȼʱ·磬ǡ̡ĺպ˱ɡ
㻹ǺúһôλȴӰɣ㣬ֻǸṩѡ
Ҫǵ飬⣬һ֮ˣǰˣɡ
˷֮ˮľû̫ԼȫֻҪʧˣԺҪ΢ͷʹһˡ


892 
ߵĴ裬䲻֪ԵĹ춯ȷʵЩйصζȷʵܿó
װŪһĿʼôάһضȣֶβҪؼ˾бҪмǰǣĵļһﰡǴ˽ǧĴ塣
һ飬һάȥԲЩɮԼƭӻɫĵռʹоߡ
Сһͬ˻һĵʹһĪͻȻЩİĵʵңҲͣ˿׾٣ʵĺͺܶྫͲĶ
񣿡
ˮľŴմʲôûпηȴظͷ
Լĸ֪УһŶǵ֮УһͷɢҵĻҰ׳ӰڴΧո
һٻ񣬸оô
΢˿ȻŴ
һɼηУԭô£
Դˮľ˵ͲηĶνĽǲֵһᣬΨһͷ۵ģ޴ֵδֻ֪Ҫ֪ԵɣȻӦԵķ
ȫ֪ȫܣû˭ܹһ㣬ֻܾ£ˮľʹеٮٮߡ
ѹҪʩߵ꣬ȻͬھĽܳûѵĻɡ
ֻʬת漰ĽϻȲʬ⾡ԭʵͬһεĶûиַ֣֮ӹ֮еո
Ҫʼˣ׼á
γ׼õذףһѾͻԼĸѪܿƵطɽ
ͬʱʹĶάһƵҲγ֮УԼĶƿһӡ
˴ʹƺһɾ񼤵Ļ룬ò˷ø֪ˮľЩͷΡ
ԭвʶİƷ˵ҲֻȨܲĸ߼ѣ봫˵ս̫Զˡ
购Ϣ˵
ǺǳĿܣҲܱΪáЩʱܣиûмĿӰǧ㣬ǲһʱǶôĿֲ
ҪѣҺס
֪Уһʵƿ˳꣬һӴ̽Ŀͱܵ߿շȥȥǸȥĵطȴˮľ²ܳУڸջȥ
֮ͬʱһĨСһƬ˳űֱϣѸٵΪһ壬ԭأȴ޴ƵĴ裬ʱ˾ĸо
ҵֻˡ
ϲʤĸоѾܾûйˣоһӵʧõ飬ʵ̫ˡ
ˣ춯֣񶼿ȲˣòƢܴ󡭡

ٴθͷҧ˫ֵʳָȻʼӡ鰴ڵͻƺõĻתϣʱԺ󣬵һԼ˫ʩչĽӡĸоʵǾΥˡ
ԭɢҷ꣬˳Żתʼȶеϵ׼ļƷڣһͼת䣬λʱǰĴӰٴγˮľʹǰ
ͲλǰӰӦĻᣬʩչĻתǾˮľĳɹȻʵúʧصķղûȫ޳ǳĿӰǧ䡣
ڻ͵˲䣬ˮľ˽ӡһȦȦĿʼƾո֣Ⱦľ߻ϣʼѹ侫ĸգλˮľʵҲʱ֣ó˰ſƷӡķûǰĴӰĻԴ
Ĺ֮ˮľЩˡ
ˮľ˫ֽӡλȴӰ³ȥ˳ˮľľϵʼӡռ䡣
ԭ˳Ḷ́ĿӰǧ䡢ĿӰԳնĴĿӰˮŶ˳ֻгĿӰǧ𽥵ĵֿʵ̫ǿңһɾ޴ˮľеĽӡ
üͷˮľһתɫĳȻ쳤ŽĽշǧĻʵʵжǧ䷴⻹
Ϸ˯ӡԼڵˮľʵϣֲָ֣絶һ׾ٵؾƿǧķ˳ĿӰĻš
ڲ֮ĻûĸԭƣӰ첻ǧжģǣǧĻӿľݲȻʧʧȥ˷Ȼˮľӡס


893 
ˮľæµҲûţԭΪ۵ŵĴͻȻѣһ״ͻȻ˳Ѹײڶ֮뿪ˮľ׼õ˹ȥûſͣƬ֮ԭûǿʼҲɣһͻع۾
ոʩչ˲ʬתĴۿĵһ£ǳĿӰǧĻñǿˮľĿƣȴˮľʵͽװȻӡȻΪĿӰǧĻ廹ûзӦ壬ˮľǧķҲ̫ǿˡľݱ̽ǿѪ޽ʲôǱľݸǿ
ǵʲô
ľ֮ɫԱ
շ֪ˣܹʹͷʩչȻ뷨Ҳ㾪ޡľݵķʲô
ˮľƳһľߺĵĴһۣȻش
ľǺǿ󣬵˵̽ǿЩԹʵĲľݣǳĿӰǧ䣬ûǿֲͼ޵ĲľҲûô¡
ܹѹƳĿӰǧľݣȻܹסǧĻ岻֣ܹѹľݾͺ˷ѽˡ
ǲǿľݣǿеĶȻֻǰƷܶʱѾˡ
ж
Ӿˡ
Ķ𣿲ܰɡԣСѵݣ
ĿӰԳնݡ֮ųܿежǲǿƣͬԵȵƣһжȨϵȫѹơ
ݣ֪ģֻ۵Ȼ֪ʹùݣֿһеֻܹ֮ݵĲڰԼҲܹоһ£Դҩʦ׷õһڰزģоûȡʲôɹͱǲɱˡ
оҲؼĵطˣ
ˮľ֪һ¼λӡλȴӰĻûʲô֮Ƿġ
ݵҪʵеѣңҲֻǿһ£Ǻȫ
ȽϺУΪֳɵĲգˮ𶼱ȽϷ㣬ԺͷϽչǷݣչ̫ˣˮں϶ɵľݣպˮľƵķΧ֮ڡ
ȻѾز˾ȣ֪ǲܵõ̽˵ģҶҪǲҲе֮ӡ
ˮľƲƲ죬֮ʲô˲ģڴԽǰҲûʲôֵóƵģһ˵̽ľˣҲһǺ£ôȻ鷳Ҫȥ
ˮľ֮˵ҪľǱ̽ڤڤעӵĴڵעлҪ顣
ڿģʽʼĴˣˮľβʵΪӦԸָͻʡ
˾̾оɹ
ȻһЩϣҲвСĲ࣬ˮľʹڱϻͬһˣԣҲ׶Է뷨ˣԷ˵ʲô㲻
Ӧ㴫˵еԤԵѪ޽ɣ񲢲ôһ£˺桭
仰Ӻ˵𣿡
Ц
ȻҶΪʵΪԤѪ޽磬һ൱ɵġԤ̽ΪضĴڣؼڵĿŸԤ߱϶ǲɿصġ񲢲ô£Ԥԣܶ鱨Ҳ̫ˣжҲܿɣƺûзҲһԹȥһЩͲй¶ϢҲ˽úϸ;ԲԤԵˣ˵ף֮ˣǲܻ̽ľ˴ӶõԤԵģ
ôô룿
ˮľɫŹֵʵȻ֪Լÿɷ˵Ǵ©ٳû뵽ǴȷЩ⡣
ԭҲûʶԴһ֮Щ˼øˣµĵʹҲ˻ɣҼϣֶһ֮Ĵڣǣе̽ȴ֪֪ܶ飬ܱøࡣϣǲҲ飬Һܺ桭
˾ȵ룬ȻĻܸ㣬ҾˮľûдΪ̳б־ҲҪδҵ
ڰ֡
ûл˼ʩϵӡ˵ѡǣǰ㵽׷ʲôıʣһƽӹ̣һԾΪ̽ǿļ֮һʵ̫Һˣѵ;ϻгڣ


894 ѹ
˾͸
࿴Ȼ飬ʵ˼άä㡣
괩Խں飬ڳڵܷ̽磬һû⡣
ھ귽оΪĴ裬ܹˮľϵ״޷ȷϵ׷ʲôıʡ
ĺģȻôʢһҲûзʲôı䣡
ˮľûش⣬Ƿϻǿ϶ܻһЩϢй¶鱨̫࣬ˮľҲʲô£пܵĻˮľϣ轫ע棬ҪԼϾ塣
ȻˮľԸ϶̸Ҳٶ죬Լˣ¸ոջ˸壬˫Ҳָ۷״̬ʵԶ
ȫʢʱڣҲһˮľĶ֣ڻǲҪĺãڣǿǺϵȻˮľʹĵλƽȡ
һ̫ص⣬ˮľͲĴ˵ʱ򣬴ǰҲûǲĻܣҲǶԷŻȻˡ֯
Ȼǵһ׳ˣҲǺõĿʼôҪʲô
ˮľ֮ʵ
룬Ӧûһɣ˻ת֮⣿
ףҲµˡǸоļһתӦóΪҩʦĶˣõûһڲƽ׶ΣȻѾԶˡ
ⲻȻģ
ˮľЦ˵
£ĳɹɣ˲ĲƷ
µûǾȫ֮õƷҲ֪ƷкܴĲġ
ˮľͷһ㵹޿ɺǣǰˮľĸֵӲƷ̻гƷ֮仹мĲġ
ԭЩӦÿ˰ɣ
ǿãǲһãңЩƷҴĵоеԿ
壬ǺģȻ෽棬ļˮľȫ棬Чڿ¡棬ȷʵˮľ֡
⣬Ѿú㽻ļˣҪﵽʵǱеԶ
ˮľͷذڰ֡
ڻңҪôǿʵǱʲôãֻҪһ͹ˣ˵㴴һȺ
Ϊ̽Ӱ壬ڲĸֻѪͳѾˣΪµıǲַ˵ĹоҲϳ֣ҪĶҲǲܡ
ôͲľһѪնû󺣣ĴڣѪͳںϵӦԼߣ´壬ҲֻͨںϣΪʡ߻Եľٴ룬жԴ˵ûʲô壬̽磬ı仯ʵҲпޣôߣһҲûʲôԵĸı䡣
ƺˮľ⣬ЦЦػش
Ȼĵ飬ЩҲֻΪԱ͹ؼʱɵóĺֶѣֻκιߣҶﾡãҪ˷ǵļֵͿԣֻҪһʱ䣬ҾǸ㡭
ˮľڰֹ˴Ľ͡
ЩνĿ¡šôƺɣûбҪô鷳ˡ
ôȻϣûʱˣ
ˮľͷ
ûʱ̫鷳׼ˣһʱʧˣһжɢȻһᡣʤˣЩҲŲóˣΪûе˺ĿǷá
׼ȷԤԣ
ЦЦ
ǱȻ飬ǾԸҵĺչǵɣ
ǰĴӣ֪ҡ֯ӻһ£뿪֮֯󣬸ǽ̴ΪԼĳѨչ
Ȼ뷨ôû㹻Աĺ֣
µĵǴĿǰļ͵ڣõˮľļ֮ںԼɵģԲһ;飬ǰȻɹ߲ɹʵ壬ûʲôôģȻڻĵЩֵģͬڡǻҹмֵĶ⼸ʮ֪ɢɢ˶٣һȻΪ̫죬Ȳ̽ʮ׾ţ䵽ҩʦĻתŶԶԶ磬Ҳһֵܹˡ
Ǽô
ˮľ֪жˣӦòǧ˰ٰɣֻҪŶ־࣬ˮľмֵģܹṩϵˮľջ


895 Ա
һûй˼ɵķӿѧжƻ˭޷֪ʶٷŴĴ߻־Ǹıʵ
ԭֻǡ̽䡢޼ٰθߵʱ򣬻Ӧı仯ڽϵĴУɥʧõĻᡣ
ڣ˵ˮľȻˮľļԴ˵û𵽾ԵãȷʵԼоĲҲǰδ֪
οڵĴ費һˣߵİҲҩʦ֣һʶӳڵˮľ
Ҫʱһ䣬ˮľ黹ûꡭ
׼ʲô
źĿ⿴ΧĽ磬ԼڽеԴӱٻ֮󣬱ƿ˶ӵȻûκιķӦȻԶЩܣûͼһߵˮľ
Ϊͨߣ֪õĴڲ֣Ϊʲô֪һҲʮֺ棡
Լ°ɣ
ˮľý̫鷳⣬ѾһεˣȻ
ͬΪӡĲˮľѾǶ̽ĸ֪ʮ׼ȷΧɢķӡǿңϳˮľõĽ磬ϾмӡĻ
ˮľش𣬴Ҳû⣬ǻһ⣺
˵ʩչʬ⾡ѾˣӦʧŶԣΪʲôȥ

ˮľƲƲ졣
У㲻ϣΪҲֻǰӣ
ܰɣҲû뵽ԼȻĶ࣬ʵ̫ϧˣؼʱ̣ҾȻȫˡ
ϸΧǿȣЩɻʵ
ôȫĲãʵֻΪ˲λǰӰĻʧذɣȻеΣգҲûıҪʵλǰӰȻѿƣ׼ʵ̫ˡѵʵĿģʵΪǺην鶼û˿η֮ģҪץƷôȻ㲼õĽеЧ
ĴڣԼոֻһ󣬾޴ڵһ̽δֻҪ磬ҪܵӰ졣
޴ڣǡֹ򻯵ʵдա
ԣˮľõܵĽУܺ谭ʵáʻ̫׼ȷˮľʲôʩչתٻųֳֻ꣬ΣԴܹķʽˮľʹǰѡ
ԣˮľŲý磬ò׳һεһʱ䣬Ȼúоһˮľۼĵһ鵽ô¡
ˮľϷ˯֮ͬҲкܴͬһ²쳵ЧʲߣҺ׳⡣
ڣˮľĽȻáҲޣԭЩʵӣ黯ɢļ
̫ĽЧƺ̫ã
ЦЦؿƺʧЩֻӡ
Ϊķӡм߳ɾͣвٵĲģ
ˮľν˵
Ȼ飬һʢļ弸ǧĻۣôҲҼʱоɹҪôףҲûʲô˲ģҷҪʧˡ
򵥵ƷĻɫؼֵҲʮޡ
ôڲ׼£ϵˮľҲǴԽȻΪԼǴԽߣ꼫Ϊ⣬ܹ֪Ĵڣȴûа취ֱӶʩӰ졣
ֱʩչʬ⾡ʹߣ߲ǺܴʹΨһĺôǲ׼꣬㹻Ļӱܳͷ֮󻹿ӳ졣
󼶵ĴǿԵĹĽô鷳ͨʱʹֿûа취Ťıһ
ӵȻļһֵҲһ֮ңˡ
ȻһĲ࣬Ĳ
ˮľûȤ׼Ϊļһ־ûеĹߣˮľɲ֡
裬оʲôյʵûж𣬶ҵͶĶ壬˺ľһѪȥ̽ǰ̵ûյĵ·ϣһһպߵˣк̤ǰ˿ٵĵ·ǰ
踽͵
ҾʧеһһдͷĻᣡ
ˮľûĻԹԵ˵š


896 ʼ
ȻôȻʹ֮Ӧмѡĵ·ûдǵ͹ԼĶĶ̽в󱻺
м屻̽糹ʧжǧ۵ķӡɹһֻշѪķӡԼĽʬ⾡
ӡͰطչȥܻܿᵮһڷӡġ̽ݱطչĿƼĻ˵ܹŤת̽粻ϻ׶˵ơ
ԵķƿԵԴΪƶ̽ᷢչ̽罫һ·
ȻһѡĻʱûг׾Ϊˮľĳֻ֣̿Ǳüʮ꣬¿ʼĻᣬԸһбȽϿĻӡ̽ĻȻһĻᡣ
Ӹ˵м̽̽кôģ鲻ܼô̽ص䣬Ȩ࣬Ĺƻǧٿס
̽翴һ壬һ£ӦòмôȵķӦ̽ѾΣʱ̣κεĴݲкʹˡ
Լ˲СĴ˽ɣҲᱻӦһĳͻ֮£ԭΣԶڱ׵Ϊ˺
˵ףΪѪͳںϣάֵȨϱѾûа취̫ϸطֱˣЪ˹ؽһпܼ̽Ҫġ
̵ǣԭܵ˵һ屻壬סȴ˸εĶ
Ц
мΪ廹ɵĻҾо̽ΣΪеıԼĶ̫ƻʱǻ߹Լƿġ
裬һŪıƣڱԼǲ˱һΡ
㶼Ȼʵ֡ԼҲԾΣаɣĻڱֳô
ȻˣͲںЩ̽ѾˣҪıС
ͷʹҽͷʹҽţĺֵѶϣȻȫҲûа취̽յĽ֡
źǲߣֻ˵̫ˡ
̽ھһ伲ҽ֢ˣԼû취ָʩȻµжԣֻг׸²С
źǲǿĽᣬһ̶ˮһνƽֻ᳹ĥȡģպԽԽ䡢
ᣬҲ״ģڴͲľҹԼӡͲľºʹͲľַӡ֮ǰһеĺƽô
Ͳľҹһ֮άֺ̽򣬵һֱ˴֮ǰ̽ûκβֻһΪͲľҹṩ׾ʿزĵֳѣʲôϣ
ǳŻǲĺƽ磬ǳ̶ȲͬʹͲľҹʩչ¶֮ӷչʵһ£ֻǻһƿߡ
㹻ãΪʲôҪӡԼĸףսЦġƽ򡱣
ʲôҪԵģ裬㣬βΪķ˴뱲ӵѪ̫ϧˡ
˵úܶԣҿɲһֱ֪ô࣬Ҳڲ̽вµõһЩ׼ȷ鱨뷢ֵġ
ԣΪԼĴҽڣ
ô᣿
Ц
˵ǣ˶ô˳ģҲ֪ΪʲôоôЧʣǱֻ֪ҳֵķȻɵʵ־ˣûʲô·̽δ֪ϣ˳̫ˣ
ԼȻ˵Լ̽ģԲӦ˽ʱ֮ھԼʮ·ȻԼ
飬ԴĽôܻܡ
ǲͲд۵׵ļһʵԼҲˣԼóΪˮľѹʵô費š
㲻Ҫ̽ҵܣǿôʩչֶεİɣܶмֵ
ˮľЩõ˵
ӦףǾԲΪƷģҪϻʱˣ
ǽ
ƺ֪ˮľķӦ
Ȼ˵ҾͿ̰ɣ
ˮľ˼һ£ʱƺҲˣÿҲˣ˸öֵʱˡ
һһԵϣؿʼӡ׼ʩ׼˺þõķ


897 һ·ɫ
Ҫֵˣˮľ֪ԼǲǵһĸʵģӦǾ޽ˡ
̽ԭסʼմڸңˮľʹģʽ޷ȫβ޲Ȼý顣
ֻ˲ħƬϷ˯֮󣬲ٴβˣתִȻԣƹ̽Ȼˮľֱӿģʽ
ȻҪӳȫս벻β޲
ʣˮľûʲô񱣬ûаҲֶεĸ֮
ֻҪЧûе·⣬ͬһʹá
ǲҹģʹˡ
ڣˮľ˵ʮҪȻǲɻȱˮľʡºܶ๦
ѧϣҪһе֪ʶǵ˵ֻҪ㹻ʱ䣬ǲֻЧ̫˼ȻֳɵĹߣǿԺо
ˮľٴͷβһĴڣʵ̫ˡ
ԣһֳɵĳɹǰͲش¿ʼˡ
ȻʱܸеܣȻĶӦòʲô̫ΣյĺֲŶԡ
ˮľҲֻǽöѣԺǲҪͿԼܲо񵽵ʵոܵʱͲˡ
ԣ㿴һ㣿
صˮľʩչ
꣬ѵʲôã
Ǵ벻ʵڲˮľռĿʲô
Σ֮⣬ˮľѾܾû֣عˡ
裬ȣԾ̫Լˡ
𣿡
費м˵
һΪ˵ʲô˽һʲôãȻ漣˵ҲֻĴڡ֮еУӲͷܡν˽ĸĸ֮ҲҪԼŴ봫ȥѣûܡ߻ȱʧһģǲϸˣ˵ģҲͷԼľҶߣҲΪ˴ӵ桢νԤԡ̽ƽβ׷ǲҲֻΪӢʲô뷨ǿӻԼð־˵ˣҲֻΪٵ󣬺ҵ֪ʲôͬ
ˮľҡҡͷ
޷㣬־߼ǺΣյģ˸ʧأǿʱ򡭡
źǲǲߴֶˡ
Ϊܵս֮࣬Ҫ̽ԼӣҲֻ͡ͼİ֮ͽѡ

һΣԴӸ֮󣬴˷شЦ
ˮľŻϵĶüͷõʵ
˵ʲôЦ飿
ԭΪŲߵߣνԤԹȻԣҸ߹ˣ
˵ҷ˴
ЦԼһ䳰ЦĻȣ˹ش
˵Ķûд֮ͽ˵ԳǲߵļһɣȷʵܴȻ˽ļһûʲôʸЦǣûǣʲôһš񡯳ƺŵĴ֣»ֻһδƷ

Ļشˮľһ㶡
˼Լһʱ˼룬ˮľһ
㿴ҸҲһ·ɫ
ͷ
ھУûвҲʲô⡣Ȼ֪㵽ʲôƻȻض̽ĸ֣Ͳ£мǾʣһŹˡ

ˮľͷ
ԭΪԱСҺСܱӣǣ֪ҵѾô
ʹͣӸλԼԼĳԣʹԼͿ嵱Ŀˡ
ߵһôǣ޷ͷ˰
Ϊ˺õţȻؾ˵ļһˮľˡ
οǰԼ뷨˼̽硢Լ̽ԭסȻؾδˡ
ǾٶʵǲһĻøɵ飬ôǶĻΣķɴBOSSļӸС
ˮľɫһʶԼǳΪԼһˡ
ã֮ˮľٴδ
裬Ϊ̽Ҫô
Ҳɡ
ɵش
̫أȻ񣬻ᶨΪԼȷˣ鷳
˵û
еƲƻʵǰˮľоƲġ
ǲ߰ձھ۸ĵļʯóŤĽۣˮľԼľһһʧ


898 ֮
ܹǢ۲һȷģ۵ĻʹнΪĳɹȫֵûɡ
ȻˮľΪԼķĿԼ󣬵ҲһʧԼоķľõѡ
Ҳԥʱ򰡣ٲ֣Ҫʧˡ
ˮľҡҡͷ
ԥûУֻһ뵽ԼҲбϸŪʱеʧ
µһж޷ͷˣĴսǰһжѻǲߺʹͲľҹΪػˮľ֪ģôΪļ仰͸Ҹţ
һУ̽ܲҪ̫ǿӲľһҪؼʱ̴̽߳Ӣۡ
Ӣۿһкܴġ
ԼΪΪ
뵱ӢۣȴҪõ˵Ͽɣŷ֮١
ˮľûȤҲûбҪϿԼһʼԼֻΪԱԼ˺ͺӡ
ֻʵԽԽǿصĳǱԽԽ󣬻ǺԽԽѡ
Ҳһ˽һ㣬ܸɣÿ̫࣬ôô
ǻõŻĽ
ƲƲ졣
ʼɣҶȲıˡ
̬ɲһ˵ķ²
ˮľʱҲüƽϴ˵ǲòˡ
ˮľ׼֮һæµϣˮľʾ֮£ʼӡ
ֱʱŷ֣ʼֵģһԴڸвǿһʵ
תҪٻ˭
տʼûע⣬ʱ򣬴⵽ڲԶϣ̻Żתͨơ
ϣȻ⡣
ҧ˫ʳָѪΪӣóİ׾ͨ棬زģ׼ˡ
ŻתʼЧ׾Ĳҽûгãһ׾Ƭ֮һӰڴС
ǡˮľķ
ˮľһģһݣֻǷв𣬶һı顣
ˮľתģβսʱΣΪβڲ֮󣬱ǲʹýβӡųβȻˮľʵ塣
һʲôã
ˮľ϶ȱһתʵս
ҪĲǻ壬һѾȥꡣ
껹ҪԼ㹻ĬϤ̶ȣɾ鷳ˡ
ֻû̬ȣòƲٻ
ˮľȻ˵
Ҵģһʲôϵ
ŵ˺򽻵ܲô˳ߵĻЩͺðˡ
ܶˮľʩչʹ񣬵ɺʩչͲһˡ
ȣˮľҪģǺѳơ
Ϸ˯ľӣָˡ
ԴӺΪ֮ΪβޱɣʹӡϷ˯Ϊʧ
Ⲣжϣڤڤ֪ĴڣҲλڣڷʧȥźŵ󲻸ڣԵϷ˯ֱҵ˻ڵĺ塣
Ѿǲ֮ĺ壬ڻͲˮľķֶΣʹڣƺҲ£ǲ֮ѾһΣẦκвֻҪѹһ¿϶ǰѻתȻߡ
䲻ݷ֮ʣȺĻ巴ӦڰͻȻϣһӰͻȻ֣ڰ̴˺Ļ塣
ݣѵ˵
һԭΪղûжֵļһҲˮľʵڲע⵽ǸӰͲǻˣҲһ塣
ԣǡ֯ı壡ˮľ׼Ȼܳ֡
ñ£¶ݵĺ췢ŵӰ֫ϣװһ֧ܣһ֧ųŵĻ壬ܹһЩĶԼ޵ж
ֻۣ죬û뵽ʱ棡
ط꣬˷ǣ
ΪȷһʧˮľԼǰݣǲҪ׳ˣǳĿӰûкʧض̽ɵΣ
óŵĻֱ֤ȫ
ԼķϷأԼŲȻǸе֪֮ļһ
ûжԼĸִıйǣµĵҲԼʲôͻ
ˮľȴʮףԼĲһֻ׶ޣ⼸ˮľоɹι֮£ѾԽ׳ˣܿƵķŷңµĶؼˮľôǿ
ΪССҵĴڣˮľܹңʵȴûƣһʧأǾ̫ˡ


899 
Ȼ˲ˮľʵ޷ʱķӦתƿأӰָ
ǡ̽磿ҲսᣬȻԤϵܻᱻתû뵽Ļᷢ
еŪ״ôҲԼжĴ
ݰɣ˵ʱ䣬Ѿô飿
ɫ԰׵ĴվһԹۣתĳһͷ췢Ҳôۡ
ֵٴιˡ
ˮľǰ˫ַĹԣһӡӵ̱ķнתĿܡ
ЩƵش
ȻΪԭŵҺ㱾ͬԴģȻѾˣǰҾûйϵˡ
ĶݣҲΪսᡣ
ˮľƻȻֻǱˮľ־־꣬ˮľкϵΪĺ壬ڻص̽ʱȻˮľľִϷ˯ϵ֮⣬Ѿûкˮľֱϵˡ
ˮľҲϣƻãʹøʹǺŵʱɵóֶΡ
ðɣһ⡭
ˮľ֮˵
֮󣬵ʲôо
һƬĬƺ˰죬ſͣޱش
ûʲôرģ
˶ѣ
ˮľ׷ʵ
ûʲôرʲôûаɣ
֪ң
ȷʵϷ˯½ϵĺ壬ˮľͨϷ˯磬ǿԶȡļġ
ǣˮľûҵ֮κμ䣬ںתһʱ䣬ھһƬհס
˵ΪѾȥ겻ܶȡҲܣĻˮľ޷ȡǰļģҺϷ˯ϵҲָ
ΨһĽͣ㰲ߵľûκμ䣬仰˵ʲô鶼ûзھһֱã״̬
Ǻȥ⣬ǾʲôûУȻҲʲô鷢
̽ԭס񣬶Ļ룬ȻǴģƺУһ֮ء
㰲֮޺֮һĹܣ磬ôάֵסһֻأ
ߺ֮ϵǵģԴ޵̽磬Ȼ̽ݽ߶
ո̽һׯڵأ޵ģһζӽƵӶᣬ϶֧̽ԮԽԽ٣øƶ񤡣
Ը⵱һ鱻ոҪôԵҪôõ˵Ըһ飿
壿
¶һ˿Ц֮ɫ
Ƕ̽ɣ˵ʲôûʲôͬ
Ҫô˵ĻǾĲȥˡ
ˮľЩͷۣû뵽ѳƵġԼô鷳
ֱʱˮľ֪ԼǶôĲϲһ̲ס˺õĳ죬ǳ޷ȥľƣ
ҽôõǣˣ
ǹ롢ˮֵĺ壬ʵûа취ֱ˵ңҲԸƭˮľԺžԵ鱨ϵĲ࣬Ļͬ˼άʽˮľܹ뵽ģҲ뵽ƭɼܷ顣
Ҿֱ˵ˣҪʲô
һˣҪʲôʲôã
ˮľõҡҡͷ
ǶôϤԷòŻ̽ˣҪʲôǱߵҲӦ֪һ㣬ʱ䲻ˣҲܺ˵̫˷ʱ䣬ֱ̯ƣڳȽϺãĻһȽ˵顣
ʹû͸ͬھҪȫǼΪ鷳ģˮľ֪˼תֻ۵ֻ֮֮⣬ûķ
֪ǾԲڵľ״̬ˣԣʱ˵
ˮľ˵֣أȴû˿¡
ԿţգּۻۣȻĿ˻
ɫĻ¶ѵõЦݣȴԵ˹졣
˵ķʽرʵҾǲϣҲа취жɣȻ鷳һ㣬Ļǲ˷ʱûתҴӾͨ鵽̽ġ
ˮľľȻؿź壬ûлش⡣
֪ˮľıԵĺ壬ˮľȷʵʲôù
Ȼһһӻˮǣһµе㻹ûб䡣
ȻʵԶķˮľȻΪȫ⣬άŶʵƣں̶ܴǵԣȥĺ壬ˮľҲȽ档


900 ѡ
ˮľߺ¶ġ
ЩʵϣˮľԼӰӣ뷨϶еģˮľȻǷҲǿԼ·һֿԡ
ÿǲʱ򣬾ͻ᲻ԾؿಢӰԼƻеж
ѵʱҾ֪Ҫʲôˣֻû뵽ȥûжãоѾչزˣ˾ȡ
ĻһΧķӡ磬ЩȻ
ҪʲôģҲûϵѹ˵仰һ£ʵѾܺˣ
Ǻû֪ԼΨһҪǸһǡǡˮľ
ԵĻһŵʱҲᾭĽҴǸһ
ĻˮľԶԣȻʵǶ˶˸񣬵ǵˮľļ䣬Ҳһ˫н
꣬;ȴűǣƣ䲻ľżҲֻһֻˮľ˿˩סķݶѣƷɵָԶʵҲô¡
Ҳǻȡ޵ɵĴۣˮľҲЩ̽ļһŷңһѾ˸е鷳ˣһˮľ鷳ֶ˲٣ٶüˮľ̽ˡ
ȻĪ̶̵Ҳǲ׳βĻɲǺܶ࣬ʩչӡӦǲС˰ɡ
ÿһǻ۵ϲԼݵһУµʲôѪᡢ֪ʶ˼־ߴʲôģԺȥҴҵ˵ܸԼڵɡ
ôҿʼˣһʼɾͣˣȷѾ׼
ˮľȷϵ
㲻ûҵģ
Ҳɣ
ͷʾףȻ˫ֽӡ
ŲӣΧķӡ翪ʼԽԽʵռĲ޼ɵӣһڵ״˷ţԭ͸ϣܹȴױˡ
ʲô
ԭϾش裬ʼЩǣڣɫ䡣
ѵ˵
ſ֪̽ΧĲأͷ亹Ҳʼð˳
㲻İף
ԭĽ磬ɫʼ䡣
й߶޷͸ʱ絺ڵĽ糹׸̽ˡ
ý̽ûмܹȵˮľЧĽ磬ˮľȴԼԺҲ̽ˣɣ˵ˡ
ҵһܹⲢʩչˮľýжѣ
ˮľԼʵûˣˮľĵӴҰӣҲúԶ
ʹˮľʵʹΣյķӡ磬ܿҲΪϵĽϵܵǣ
˲УСˡ
Ȼתĺ̽ʱ򣬻ʱָϷ˯ϵֻҪת߽硭Ķ̽ҪôֻҵѾ˵ĺ꣬ҪôҲ֡
ʱ˿˴ӹ絺濴ȥͿԿԭ΢ĵ죬һһйߵν֣ƺԼĳһֱΪг̽ķʼãһµɫ׵磬ϵڵž죬Ҫ磬ջԭԼĶһ
һᣬƺǳĹûʲôЧ֮󣬹絺ϷһƬƬڵĺƿʼۣס֮ڵգƲ֮ǰ׹˸һצӰ¶ɣͷ˫ǣ粻һ񣬴ų׵صײڵĽ档
ڲĻ壬ԭΪǵ׵Ĺϲ壬ʱ縩£޴Ĺֱ˫ֽӡȫĺƲһǧٿףǲ֮ˮľˡ
ǿȫ֮ټϲ޵Ļ壬ʹ㲼õĽ磬ֻѾ˵ʵܵΣˡ
ˮľƳһ۴衣
ҲûУ㡣
Ҫʲô
ˮľȻش
͵ôһ鵰⣬ȻǸϽԸĨȻ֤ݲУ
ˮľûֱȻܲɵͨ
һˣһߵȺʱϣҲʼʩΪһֻ޴ҹĺʼ֣סϣһϣȶųƬƬ۷ɢʼʴĹ絺
ˣʱ򣬺Ļٴοʼжˮľɲֻ絺뿪Ը񣬺


901 
಻׻δֹͣɫϻ㼯ײںɫĽĻǽϣȻ飬߼ʩѹȻһ׵糤Ѿٴˡ
һ̲ͣع۲ļ˶ͷƤ飬Ǻ壬ǲ޵Ĳ֮о˲Сѹ
Ǻ壬ѹ͹˺һġ
ڣˮľѾûлͷ·ˣڽĽһϢ¶ĻĴ裬һܲΪ̽Ĺ㲻˵ֱܻܿӱ̽˻ɵ
ȻѡˮľȻԴС
ϣʼˮľָ֮£Ϸ˯ʴ絺һεʡ
ˮľɱľִһˮľԼ֧ŵĻǿ϶ǲʲôչģˮľԼľȻΪԽԵʣͨȣżƣϧ⻹ԶԶԣռ沢ħƬȻԣռϵж
ǣԶԶǲġ
һĸ֣û㹻Ĺ֧ŵĻûа취ɵϴóġ
Ϸ˯磬ԴǷӡⲿԻǻмΪŨʱռԡ
͵ռ䡪Ϸ˯磬ˮľأֻһ֮治бھֳ̽ɵԴѧ޲֮ǿܹһá
Ȼǰ֮ˮľȻصޣ¯¿ʼ
һԵĴ裬ʱȶ˸ղЩŵӵĿ⿴ˮľʵֱж
ǰֻǾ̫࣬޷㵽ʲôڡ
ɫЩӡ
㵽֪Щʲô̽ôûģǱЩͨʥصļһƭ˰ɣЩֻһЩʧߣǵĵͲţ
֪鲻ҪѣΪҪѧǣ
ˮľƲƲ졣
һܹ͵С磬Ǽϣ̽绹ܹǡѪ²ܴڵıôܿϣ
ˮľĻضʱ򣬾ͻ֣˵ġȫɱһɶȻռȵбҪԼͷʼһ
ﵽҪʲôôΣյĳԣɲһܱо߸飬գֻȫաԼƲѵʱжɣ
ԼԭʵΪ⣬½úͲἱо֮鷳в԰Ρ
ҪĲЩп޵ıֲӲдǲк³ģͨʥؾ֪ˡ
ˮľֿʼϷ˯ӿʴĲͬʱ档
ʼɣ
ĿռʴѾˣԼԼ֮⣬ҲֻǸѾҪʧˡ
һ鶼νؼܹõĺö
ʣ絺ɣֻһĺôȻ̽ķӦܴˮľ죬ЩֻǴҪģֻд˺һôжǳɹϣ֮£Ѿ˺ܳһʱϷ˯磬ϵؿʼеĲӿõ⡣
ˮľʷһʱռڲеһУ״̽Ĩȥһˮľһεʱռˮľһȥضʱ·ϵţԼõĲա
ȻضǾķϵкܴֻҪܶ㿪̽ĹܹԼϾԼ͹ˡ

磬Һڹ絺ûκ֪ʱƬ˿µ顣
ԭ޴ڵ׵繥ڽ磬ΧռŤһҲ黯ֱ̽ӳֵĹҲܹ͸һʱռϡ
ʱƣԭĹ絺ͬΧĿռ䣬Լ˺ͨڣʧԭжĵطһ޴ĿնǰΧĲֳʧ֮ΧĺˮܵΧˮѹӰ죬ʱӿ˹ٵĿȱ
޴ĳϫһСĵһһХž޴˷ݵĹȥ
ڹ絺㹻ƫƧĵ춼㹻ңԶХݵ֮ЩʱѾûжˡ
Ȼû̫ΣǣĺĸоǺǿҵģú֮ľΪΧĺ׷һεֱ֮ܶ󣬲оԭ絺ĵط񣬷쳣
Ϣʧĵ죬Ҳĺ֣ΪƬ򼸴󲻿˼Ĵ˵֮һ

һƬռ֮УڵĿռϣһϸʱȣ̽ĳڵ㡣
ڽڲˮľʷĵĲһԭ׼õĿռĴ裬ԭԵò԰׵ɫӵزÿˣؿռתƣֱ뿪̽ʱռ϶ȫûĸоͻı仯ҲȷʵõһξЩӦˡ
ˣ඼Ҫγδ֮ľϰ߲źá
֪Ҫ飬ҿ϶ġ
ͷһΣʵϣˮľܹɹʧˣܵǣԼ³϶ҲôãһΣɲǱǲɱһξܽ鷳ˣ𣬿ܾõĽˡ
԰꣬ûҶûżô
ˮľʵĻ壬߲Ͳ֮ԣΣյĽ׶֮󣬽ûô鷳ˣˮľӹݽĿȨȻЭһʵϣӿϷ˯ѹȣûʲôЧֻ黯
ˣ壡
˽⣬ϣףҲΪвŴӦôģֻΪԼԸôѡ
Ѿˣ־ҲܵңԼҲһ
ǰĺĻ˱һߵߣ֣صشԼϣȻʼ˺ͺ͸ղŵĴһģһ赸һμ䣬ǸոˮľͨϷ˯ӣݸ˺Ļ塣
ͨĻǲܹʩչʬӡ
ˮľĴǿԡ
ǣֻϵĿܣʵﻹһⲻĻûа취ġ
ոǴ꣬ǻ˵ĻѾ˵ģ䲻ɣĻĿӰԳնҲʬӡԸĿӰǧͶĿӰǧĻ塣
ϧʩչʵ̽òģǰʹͨ壬ǿŻĻתʹߡ
仰˵ĿӰԳնʹӰ֮ʹûתո꣬λȴӰԼ˴˫ֵ꣬ΪƷ
ڽ֮ǰͻתʹӹϵӡڻҲΪƷˮľҲᱻǣԼľִʵҲܵĻˮľϵӰ̫ˡ
ߣͲһˡƷò׼ֻҪٻˣˮľˡ
Ӳӥ˴ߵնҲἱسϾαҲֻû̵ķ
õһж걸ˣˮľܹȡ㹻ʱ䣬ԼԸõ
һεٴݣøովһεĴ趼һЩΣֻĬĬؿźĻʩչ
ʱƣԭѾҪʧٴοʼںĻĿ֮£ѰΧܵĿꡣ
ˣ޴ļһ
ˮľǷģѾϹˡ
ֻҪԼϵˣԺое
м÷ӡһԴĹǶ̽ĲˮľҲһ㣬ҪʱĻ۲ѡͲƽ̽ܣȻ󾭹ʱʵԼ㹻۲׳١
ڣɹҪˮľˡ
׼ȷ˵еһֺĹ򡪡ո꣬Ϊˮľá
սˮľ˵пޣǶԸǲǲ߻ǴͲľҹܵĵˣɲó
ǣܹոʵ̫˴ˡ
̽ӣˮľп©Ĺ򱻳״ƣ˵Ľ˲һΣ˿̽ˮľѾǧٿ׵̽磬ôܻô©
ΪʲôԼΪҲ˴Ͳľ¶ԼĿ̽ӡ
ֱ̽磬ؽе߰ĹȻг׸룬ͬʱս굥©ߵȥǺֻܹ֮ת磬ﵽ˳̽򣬳ս̽Ӷ䣬ûϣĵطơ
ʣ˵Ǻõģʧˣʵ˵Ĳпᣬûе̽սʱеҪ̫̫ˡ
ˮľǾԲص޵ģ񣬾ˮľƻҪһ


902 
ȻҲŲеıܣ
ܹһƬУԣ׼ȷ˵ӦýмķӡȷʵڵˮľҪ߳١
ˮľϷ˯磬ҪԾִΪġħƬΪ塢ԼĽǿеӣȴϷ˯绹Ҫ죬ֻû˿ưˡ
Ϸ˯Ĳ֮ˮľ֪֮꣬ڷӡĻȻϣˮľԭһ˼棬ҲпӲˡ
ʵоˮľѵʱ仹̫ˣҴ󲿷ʱ䶼ڴϵ⣬ҪдӴｻİ֮Ϸ˯Ҫչڵĳ̶ȣ֪ҪѶʱ䡣
ǰԶ󣬵ԿõŵĽȷʵŲó
ħƬϷ˯ԼĲ˾صã񣬾ˮľصԴ߻
ֻǣħƬûзľͷɲʱ׼סո֮Уɲӻ
˵û˲ݣͲжֻû㹻Ķ̽ˡ
Ҳܶڣǻ̽вܷõģˮľѹ絺ȦʵҲǽ׽סˣǽԻǿ˴˵ء
ˮľĶС磬ԻĲǱ鲼̽ȫֻһֹֻѣƾľǱˮľʴĹ絺һƬռ䡣
ˮľҪĲ񣬶Ȩܶѣõ١ǿ񣬲ˮľĿǷΧ֮ڡ
̽һ޴ĲϵͳֻмдӦóȻãˮľģֻǽʾȻһݸԼϵͳʹöѡ
ǣƽԵΪ϶ܵ
ʶҪŴ򹷵񣬹˲ϻûָܻĶӣżָ׵֣ס˺ƥĶ̽Ȼбһӣͽƽ۷۱˴롣
ڿʼˣʼ˵ԼѾ˾ûа취ˣ
ˮľ´󶨣м滹ʲôԱĺ֣ˮľֲ
ڿƺûǸĵѾľмеûнúãɢˡ
ڣֿǿҲΪ⣬Ծ˺Ĺʵԡ
һ˵ûģֻոǿǴĲ塢ûɢ壬߰Եݣܶ˺
ˮľ֪ǲ¾ѵͲд۵۵ԭͫסĻ˵ʲôҲҪæ
ȻǲͲдʹõȫܺԴʮȭ˵ҲһЩЧжô˵ˡ
ڣˮľʵĻ壬ѡͶˡ
ֱܹϵߵ꣬ˮľӰ񣬽Լ
е㲻Ծ
Ļüͷ
Ҳûп񷴻Լֵģ
ȻϷ˯ʴʵӰǣСС棬Ѿʱ̽磬ܹ֧Ĺ絺ѾΪˮľ֮ˡ
û˴ڸڿɲǶ棬гʧļ
ûлҪң
ˮľ˵
ǶûкôҲкôģҪѾİߣٴתΪˣֻҲϣ
Ҫ걸򣬽ʧˣܼܲϣǲǲǴͲľҹɣ
Щֳɵתɰ׾ŵʿͲˡ
ᣬǺĻ巢õʱˡ
ϵ־Ķߵĺ壬ʵϺͨԼʵҲ൱ǿģʱֻҪԼͻѹڣӵ޲ĺ壬òſģֻҪֹķˣ仰˵ߣֻҪվŲ𶯣Ƕˮľİ
ȻûʲộҲԲǲýĴȻиתʩϺȣǾͽͽֱˡ
ͷźĻԥצһѾͽڵץ˳
ϵˣɱļһ
ķĻˮľ߶Ϸ˯ϵֱӷȻЧ̫ܲãڲ;ĸɾ֮ǰӦû֧һ
ϧˮľû˼˵á


903 һо
ȻͨԼϵֱֻӵĽӴˮľоѵĻʩչֶΡ
һҪǱץ꣬϶ˣȴˣֱӽӴҲǺܴ
񲢲ֱ꣬ո棬ĿӰԳնֱ֮п˴˫֣ĻĲҪ̫Ѿ˵ĺ³ֻҪԼǲܵġ
ʱ򣬳˳һĶ֮⣬ˮľû̫Ķˮľץסʱʱ򣬿Ϸ˯ͺӣһֱı塣
һ˲䣬ۻҵɫӡˮľǰתһεۻ
ʱˮľʹҡҡԴЩײĻþԺĨȥȻ˶񣬿ʼʩչ׼õķӡ
һȦȦɫĴӺĻӿ̲ں֮ͣմȾϡ
ץˣܲˡ
Ҫôǿҵ
ˮľ֮䣬ʩչʬ⾡ʱĻ֮⣬ʵûʲôϸ𣬶ڣˮľʵĻ壬ˮľһȴûпĴţܣһˮľǰʵչֳ
Ȼмʵ̫ˣôһ̽ķɣȻƵزģ
ˮľмսȻǿ󲻵ȥΨһóģô̽Ϯôƭ̽粢۸ĵײˡ
սЩоԱʤߵļӵܣˮľĿǰ̽ľأܸа취ǣսǺǿǣȴΪԼ⣬̽Ҹˡ
ʵ̫ϧˣ̽Լĳ޷ֱĨм壬ȴʹķ֣̽ӵشﵽԼĿġ
ˮľΪʲôֱӺ̽Լڤڤд˵ļһΪУԼҲ㱻á
һʼͲմȾú彫ЩнӹȥԼҲ˳ؽ⡣
ڣĺ·˳ץסֱۣı˹ȥ
ԭץȡźҪӿٶȽӽ׽֮ȥʱˮľųŵĻ壬ʹ÷֮˲ϣŲĻӿ
ֱӹȻ̫Ӱ죬ǣȫ͸һӦ˴˻ᣬ˫ְ˺档
ɣ
ֻ۵Ѫ޽ˮľں屻ĺ֡
кܹܶ࣬ﻢڶʳģֻиǿֻ۵Ѫ޽
ڷӡȻǼѵĽΪֻֻۣ̽ǸӲܻеĽ̽
ǿҲǿֻ۵
ȡӶɱˣǳǿβģʽҲԷ
ǣȡᱻٻ洢Уʧȥ϶ˣĻȴûĵǣֻҪȻ󱣻ãнһжĵˡ
ֻڳ˫֮Ѹʧ˻ˡ
ʮþȡѾ˵ѼӷˣûǵҲеرֳһ˿֮ٴλӻʧȥĺĻ忳˹ȥûʵ֮вûн¶Ļ忳룬Ǳ渽ŵĻ룬¶ȥ˵İ׾ȻϷ˯Ѹʴʧ
ԤԤϣ˳ϲң
һоͰźõһ˳ȻǵһʩչļƻźεıһĻ״̬׼һжԤƵԽȷǾԽԵĲá
Ϸ˯ֱϮѣɲôˡ
ˮľһЦӴ˲͵ٶȣȻϵķӵٶȸˡ
ԵжΪֱӵķ񣬶Ī˺ûκηӦһ㣬ƺΪ񱻴ʱ򣬸û˻в͹ֱӶӡ֣Ҫ׿жѣǿѹмķӡ֮⣬һԾǣһĴڣͬλϣʩӰ죬û־񣬾ͱĴ
ǰߣˮľĿǰǺһˮľѾˡ
ϣϷ˯Ǿ޴ڳ˽д̽ѵ֮ڳԶԹԮˡ


904 ʳ
ȻܷÿһĶˮľܵİţһ˳ԭ
һԵĴ迴ˮľÿһ񷴿ıԵ֪ûж־ġ񡱵ļޡ
ڿưͰж֮Уصգһ̽ľ档
ȻȻˣͱȻʮֵİգû뵽Ȼ߸˿һðգҪ֪ƻͲԽǸӣļʾԽ󡭡
ӵˮľжۻҵĳ̶ȣĿܾʹԳܵĵزˣˮľȴԥظʵһɹˣˮľԤ֮УԼȴûпĹؼڡ
ôģˣ³ɲôã
ˮľνʼ硣
ˣ³ôõ㣬˲ʹ÷֮ҵķ뿪طһΣ㣬е̽ŭɣ
ɹˣȻһк˵ʧˣܵиɣ
ҪȻֻһᣬȻ̵һ߲ǣ˳㻹ԿˮľʩչͲܼԴҲ൱ġ
ðһգˮľôôԹۣ
Ҳİţİ֮һǰѿе֮У
ˮľ֪ܵѵۣԼĿŵô赱ƵļƻʱôЩ
Һò׻ѵΪ׼һ
£Ѿ֮ˣٴαץס˲ٱһֵĶһ⣬Ұ׵ٷųˡ
ֻҪǵԴ˵ΣվͲǺܴ
ΪһΪյĵƣƻһԣң
ⲻȻģ
ˮľͷ˵
ҲܲԸģһõİ֣ǺܱġʵڲУҲӰ첻Դ£Ȼ̽Ӱͺܵˣʱ䣬㵢Ŀɲһ㡣

ҲʮԼĿǰĴȻеЩ裬ʵˣҲɲô跴ˡ
ҪͬˣҵԶԶûлָ֮۷ڻԶֻǣһ¡
ǣơ
ˮľڰ֡
ҲԤƣֻҪȥˣôĿͷ񿳺üˣˣʱ䣬㹻ҽշˡ
ˮľе·Ĵ裬ҲֻϨ˻ˮ˼ˮľĻĻܽԼΣգؼĵطˮľܾͲԼˡ
֪ʢĴ˵ǲɽܵġ
Ըֻϣ㶯һ㣬Ԥƴˡ
˵ŵĴ裬ֻÿʼӡ׼ʩչ֮
ոͨȻʹòʬת˸壬ʱڴҲܴĽܻЩ֮Բĵѹ΢Сһ㣬ǶԴľĿ顣
սĴ˵һǡǿ
֮ȻȫԭôҲǴ迪ĶȻܹطӳԼսܹβ޵۲ǿѨ磬衰̡֮һŲ˵
ӽǿԭΧȻЩϢڲϵԼ͸ԼܵزΣգ׼ȷжΣյԴǼеǿ׳ġϡҲֻ϶ѡ
ڶԼٳû뿪Щ⣬ͬʱҲһжЩãͻȻǰһŰ˸Դľߣÿһͷ­ôаͷϵ˫ôᣬѵĲ˵ˣ˲Ծؾ뽫俳
ˣǰªҶԼ¶ĹϣһԼʮֲϢ
ˣǸղʹ߽ͨʹߣû׼꣬ʧȥӰԭΪѾˣû뵽ȻԶ
һ˲䣬ڵĵͱոճֵİ᪴߳ûķɣ޵ȷʵ൱
˸ͷиԵĸʴϢ񹥻˹е˻Բơ
ڶ԰᪴ߵе񣬻֮Уؿһͷ­
᪴߸ԹôЧֻ˵ʤޣҪǴԼһЩܸûʲôӰ죬ڴĹҲֻе΢ЩʣȻԴĳֵһѡ
İ᪴ߵһͷ­Ųֲץ׽˼£һζ֮󣬲ؽȥ
һеˮľȻҲ൱ġ
עڴųİ᪴ϣˮľʵȫʩչϷ˯ĵֿȻͻԽͣõļӿʴػᣬ޴壬ɫѾȽزС
ʱˮľԸ
ţų
ʱ䵽ˣ
ʳĳŵػֻϰԵһ䣬Ͽûͣ¶ʩչٻ򿪣ԭɵĺ걻˳Ҫܵػع龻ȴˮľһʵʹúϷ˯ϵýƶƿĶӸ
ոմһƬã״̬غ壬ʱʧʱ˹
Ȼڲܻؾ׼ġӡһ뿪ƾҪĨɱˡɲҵĿ꣬ʣµģȻֻܿˣϣܹٴؼյһɣ
ʶԼѡĺ壬ʼĶǿˮľݹѾɴݣݵԼΪϣԼϹƺõķӡƣȻ䲻ݷضӸ任̬ϵƶ֮󣬽Χʼںϡ
ǣ
ˮľ뷨
ʹľִʴһ棬ľٶܶתƻֻҪƷʱѺһܵƵȡһС֣Ȼزʳ󳹵׽Ϊãǲ뷨
ˮľ΢΢һЦʵĻΪƿĶӣȻ÷ӡΪһ壬ֻʱġ
ˮľԭ磬һرʭһּضڵˮ档
ֳԭûʲô֣Ҳû𣬵ˮľȤģֳӵһϰԣˮľ
ʭܹͨˮУȻͷ棬ѪҺΪʳ
⻹ȫʭʱȻһһεؿɱͷʭҲֻ֪ƻǽͷɸɾ֮󣬺֯һ壬ȡԭͷλãʹͷʳ档
ּĨһٻ֯һ֡ȡ֮淽ʽˮľ˵ٺòһֶΡ
ҪųĸȴӰʩչתôȻܴˮľҪܵƵʵȱΪ׽֮Ѿԭ̽˸ңǲܹȻö֪ˮľɲõһƷ
˵ļֵոԼи֮Уǲ覴ãСѲˮľˣһ̫鷳ˮľ޷о޸̽ײİ취޸һܵЩ΢˵񣬶ˮľ˵ǲģˮľõôˣɲһɹûС
һ׼õļ棬ϣȡһ֡
ȻˮľҰģɲֻʭȡͷһ˲֪νǽᣬ׼׽ɡΪá
ôĹ򣬿ĹôãɲֻΪһƷҲΪѡ
ڴΪˮľľٶһᣬͷ֮пȻΪζĿ
ƺǿ񫣬ֺ޷ľ壬ԽԽˡ
ΪʲôʩչܵĹķôȫ
Ϊҿûв
ˮľЦЦ
ʵϷ˯ʴȣѾжˣôĻܷӼң֪ǲԼ֪ĺ֣ǲҪðˣʹýİ᪴߻кüͷܹ֧źһʱ䡣
ˮľҪȵϷ˯ʴﵽ൱ߵĳ̶ȣȻֲƻĻȻǱкĺ壬һٳܡ
ټּӣҾҪɹˡ
ӣ
ʹĲҽдӰ᪴ʣµͷ­洫˳᪴߱Դ˵ֱ˺ʵʵһʹ裬ƣڸոʩչʬת֮󣬿Ҫһʱˡ
㲻ǹҵսɣ
ô᣿
ˮľϵ
ûô飬ҿɲ㻹Ǻõģİɣ
սǿˮľѾǺˣвĵطֲʵ˼ɵͷԡ
ˮľĸ֪УϷ˯翪ʼӴķӡ֮ܵǿ
ൽˣɣתȻ֮һˡ


905 
ȥҲǺ£֧Ų˶ãעεʵ˺ȽϵͣǶ;˺ܸߣ֮ͷܸ̫˺˵ֵ˺ΪһᶯĻ֮⣬û̫óˡ
ʱӻˮľ˵Ҳһ£ﻹкüҪϵŪ̫ҲǺܺá
⣬ȥҲûбҪˣѾסˣʴĻܻһЩӰ죬Ϸ˯񵽵ײȫһ𣬶ʱڳͻ̫˫ʲô¡
һˣˮľ˫ֽӡһ˲ϣ޴ļȻʹȫϵķӡ󼤻
һ˲䣬ԭݵؿ᪴ߵһֻͣʣЩܵʶױð˫ҲϨâʼ˸ӦΧ޼ɵӵϷ˯
ɹˣ
ı˽
Ҫ˵ˮľսǿãʵ΢΢
ʬ⾡ʾ;ⲻһҲǿʹõҪ׼һ˴ΪͷۣˮľҪôҲҪһʱӦ
Һһ֮Ҫ׿סҲҪһʱ䣬ںͨϷ˯ϵ֮ӿƿҪʱ䡣
ԭŻɫɵϢڱˮľƷ֮󣬿ʼһ˿⣬ˮľϵķӡľ֮ɢ
ͨǿģ£ˮľûȫƿ񣬼Ϸӡ̽粻ųĻչֳĿܾһƬ֮
ԺŻС֮ģûˣٰġ񡯡
ϣǰȹ˷ӡԼڵϷ˯ϵ֮󣬿ʼȹ֣֧Ԯ建ȴȽʴ񣬲ӣһܹɵˡ
ˮľʱҲǺܼ鲻һʱܹġ
ѹһĴҲ۵ؽ˰֮ǰԹ
ҳôǲұɵľִң
ôһĹ򣬴ͱͷ­ͷ߱ͷߣҪˮľʱ֣趼ӵĴˡ
ӣҲ֪Ҫòܳ׻ָ
ԣҪԼ̽ľִƬ
ܴӦ㣡
ˮľҡҡͷ
ոȹ״̬ٴƻ壬ܻԤϵ⣬Ҳðգҳ׽ʴΪ̸֮⡣
һ㾫ִƬûʲôԵӰ죬ˮľһп޵
ֲӰʵ飬ˮľҪͷԣֲҪսһ嶼Ҫ
ʱ򣬴֮ǰ仰ĲУܱͷɣ쳵ЧҪߵöࡣ
ԣҪˮľƻѾЩѹĴΪƾϵĴˣǸˮľʹĹϵûкõǸز
ѾΪ֮ˣȻ볹ƿػһξģǿ϶ģѾܷˡ
ڳˮľЩ㲻ĸӡ֮⣬Ѿױƿˣ񱻹ؽϻѾûа취ˣֻϻ۾ס˶䣬ΪӺϹӣûκηӦˣֻҪ̫ҵĴ̼͸ͲʲôӦ
ڵ״ѾʮĽˡ
ˮľʵϣΪϷ˯类طӡ壬бϷ˯粻ʴְ𣬻ʱ̼ˮľľִϵ仯񣬱֮ͽϷ˯Ӱ죬нƿصʱ򣬵׻ᷢʲô仯Ҫúעĵط
иõķҲеôְ𣬵ȻҪϷ˯ӡԼϣôܶ飬ͱе
ˮľ֣صضʵϣ
ʲôûִͨӱҷֵıʣҪʱ֪ң
ı仯̫ƿصģˣܵеܡ
ˮľʱ䣬ȻоѾ˺ܶɹҲѱʲôԼʶķգΪĳЩϸڣ걸ļƻֵĲǿɾ̫ˡ
ף
ϣͷˮľķ֮£Ϸ˯ĿȨȻΪϷ˯壬ҪϣʮβһǿǲѿʮβϣϷ˯ƿͣΪִĻģȻϷ˯磬ԼĲ;õļݵʱҲеúƣҲ˶ѡ
˵ףϣҲֻܵˮľԼһǲΥˮľġ
޴ĺգĿռ棬ľѹȴþˡ
ʱռֻˮľʩչϷ˯ĸѣӶ֮̽սƷҲֲ൱ҪԴ
ǹ絺һѾҲΪϷ˯һ֣
ϣľ޴֣Ȼ󽥽£ù󣬵ȳٴչʱѾʧ
ˮľѵľ޴Ĵ۲ŵõĺöȻˡ
ϸع۲ĻԿȶĺÿһκ£ʱ򣬳ϻûĹӰһƬɢ״۷ۣһֻʮּһ˫ƽģӰ̬мζ
Ǳˡ
Ȼߵ·ˮľЩͬȻˮľõϡĶеһЩĽ
ҵĶͷлὫҵ˫ַӡꣿ
ԵꡰľҶƻشʧ󣬴һֱЩڻƻʧνľҶûһδͱĵزǱʬ⾡ش³ʵ̫ˡ
ȥ飬ƽôʲô裬ӦҲǶԹȥƽϵӹ֮ͽɣ
ǰ鷳ûг׽йԹȥѾڣ
ҵȻ֪Щ飬Լϵʱ򣬻Щģ
νĸͬ˵ڴ迴ֻǴԲѵԶѣûоôõͬĸ
ͬһ£ͬ˵óĽ۶һƫ۵жϣ͸ûа취׼ȷˡ
֮Ƕĸ壬νĻǸͲܵ顣
ҲֻһʱЩпѣȻҪˮľؿο⣬˼ؿһϣŽѾϷ˯ΪһĿռջء
ԭһܹõͷĿռ䣬ڿռ任Ӱ£ϵС黯ˮľľִϷ˯糹Ϊһ壬ȶĲһƬƬþ񱻳ʴع絺ؾһһľУԼ۲ʱַ·Ǵ
ԭһƬ֮еĿռ䣬ڴ֮ڣʵ񡢹絺ԼһУʵһЩƫƣ˳֮ƽǣлر任ŷλӦõڵƮơ
ĿĵֻʱģȪһһʱܵˮľ֧һռ䣬Ǹֻд۵ѪҪࡣ
ֻеȵ׷ӳϷ˯ʱˮľõĺֲŻ󷢻ӳ
һж׵֮󣬴ЩؿˮľʵϣеĶص֮֮еˮľı۰ʩչ֮˴貼õĺֵڵء֮
ʵ˵裬ߵĵ˭㽫󲿷ֺöϮľҶ岢̫ԶСңôģ
趨˶ЦŴ
̴ҵѪڣһɹҲֻһ֮ңˣҪͷ
˵⣬¶һ˿
еĶһ㲻ñȽϷ㣿Ҫ֪ܹʹʱռӿռĻŵ棬Ҳֻ˰ɣ
֮һо͵ߵж
ΪĲģʹĴķ֮ˮľҲûиеʲô׵ĵطʱˮľᵽʱռľ޴ãԼİж
ܹʱռ츳Ȼ࣬ȴҲǾ޽УǾ󲿷˵ʶƫʱռֿ⡢ͨʲôģо֮תƵ÷ʽģʵ̫ˣҪ˵ԭֳɵķ֮ûмܹö
ܹʹõķ֮ĿǰҲˮľһˡ
̽߸Ͼսְҵ̫ƫܹάռ͸Ͳˣڷ֮
ˮľмƲƲ졣
ܹռ꿴Ͳˣڸάȵļмܹô£һܹ΢Ͷȡһ£ʱռǵĶλô죿̽ӡͽĴжɥʧƵˣмܹŪССʱռǸ󻯷ĵôģ
Ĳ࣬ԽĲ棬żԽߡ
ʾصͷ
ԶЩǲĵطʱǻˡ


906 
Ȼĵң˵Թһ˱治巽
ߵǽϣһŵĻѵȼˮľʹǰķ
׼õĶ˽֮Զġ
ˮľʹӾʵò鷳谵Ӿ̶ֳȵʵ϶Уֻڰֳ֮˿ߵĻܳڱ˵Ӿ
ˮľҲֻΪһ֤齫ԱΪ
׼ˮľصĲսṩĿܣˮľ֮ľӪṩЩˣֻ˵ǽĺôֵˮľΪ˷ͷҪ顣
֮£ոյֵԼݵɶȿܶԼкôڱ˾
ǰһƬȻٳĵҶˮľ˪֮ǲħĻػҪ
ѹὫ󲿷Դ֮ƾôһطֵˡ
ˮľЩпѹľҶɽˮľΪĵʵң˵ͷк֮絺ʵңһԲϾͲٹעԭֺõط
Ϊʲôҵôĵ»أ

һ㣬ǻùõ˵ĸɣöˣĶȻ࣬ôһ˵ʲôʱóĺö
ðɣˮľͬˣ϶ΪЩ̽ļһ˵ʲôʱ׼һЩ붼벻ĺ֡
Ǵ֣Ҫ˵ߣɱҲʮѵһ飬ۿǰɵҲ֪ļһǲѾ͸ˡ
˺ܾãˮľĸ֪УһƬȴɢһƬˮľǰ
ŵġŵġŵĸʽ͸棬ֳ׶εʵ壬Һг
ȻУЩʵ岢ҪΪ˱֤䱾ܷӦÿһӣЩʵ嶼ظķ࣬ЩҺо֮һϸСݡ
ֻЩʱֵĶ֪ЩƯҺеġ걾ǻˡ
ʢǰ
һμľˮľҲָп
ôĿռ䣬󣬼нǧ˵Ʒ
ôˣȫұ̾Ӣˮ׼ȻһرƵĳΪ쵼ߣһ˲ɺӵˡ
Ҫ֪̽齨еһսҲոͻưˣ̽޵ĶԸ֯߾ô࣬⻹ǿев֮£սȫļߣܴﵽ
ϷսߣԼԱĻܻᳬʮˡ
ƽʱûдսʱ򣬳̾٣ܹ۷ʱڵһͲˡ
ƽʱ߼㣬䵽̴ķݶж٣ľҶ塢ܶһ㣬ʵõɰ壬ܳҲֻǧӡ
׼õһ̴֮һ治ԣ׼ǳ֣
ʮľȻ̾Ϊֹ
һ˹⣬ܵе㱣ϰɣ
ϧûõϣ
ˮľ˵
ǰйעһľҶ뷨ɰҲܵôң
ȻҵĴ㡭

ˮľνʼ磬赽ϵľҶΪ˸һźĴӴȸУǿĿӰԳնˮľѾôˡ
ʱǨĶѾˣھЩν飬Ҳûʲô塣
ˮľʵң۲һʵ塣
ףЩʵԴòƺӣ
ȥЩʵò죬ɫҲǶֶ굽ʮͷȣˮľһЩʵϣܵϤĲ
һЩʵϾȻдۣ
ѹִԶֻд۲ȤԼﱾУǵƷĵˡ
ǲ屻ҹ˺ܶ飬Ҳкܶ仯д۾ǵʱսƷЩԴӦѾ֪˰ɣ
ˮľͷʾף־Ų˽½׵ĴղƷǲΪ棬Щд۵ܹӳĻԣǿ϶ܹãͲᱻղˡ
ܹʵҵģضǼмֵİƷֱҩʦɳȥˮ֮ĺΧ׷½ˮľľĵ߰͵ʮЩڻңͲܺĴƷᲢۡ
ôʵĿ¡˾ţ³ǲӵʱռΧԼˮľ֣дΧּĵͼǿ߲ӡ̴ӰҲᱻΧŹ
Щϧ˵
ϧûóҾˣԺ󻹲֪ܲó
ܰɣ
ʵһͶ뵽ĴսĻȻܾսʤ򣬵ǿһ̶ϼ̽ѹ
ǣôܹؽ¡˾ս̽ôãˮľǣ۵ĻҲȷʵЩֵá
Ժо
ˮļ̌ͷƳһ۴衣
Щȫ˰ɣ

Ǿͺã
ܴǲ˵滰ʵˮľѾ൱ˡ
ľҶ壬ȫսҲֻʽߣ¡˾ŵѾԶԶˮľԤˡ
ԥˮľʼӡ
һʼʹʱռЭĻ彫絺̽ѣȻʹÿռתƣ£ΪԷһ˺ܳʱģʽ
ˮľӵϢһ̲ͣռҲһЩ׽ˡ
һ˿ؽӡĲԼڵȻ˫ֺ£̯һֻϸСĺںˮľģŻ㣬˷ɢϸϸȥĻͻ֣ᷢЩ㣬һ΢еСˮľ趨õķλ׼ȷûһʵԴ档
ΪϷ˯磿
ȤؿˮľʩչˮľȻûж˵ûֺϦպ첻ǵһȻһʼûע⣬СӣѾ¶һ˿ߣȻˮľҲйʹõ鱨֮󣬶Դ˵Ͳܲע
ˮľҡҡͷ
ΪûУ˵ȷʵҪ
ҵȻף֮ǴõİɣƵزִܹɳ̶ȣҲȷʵ˾ȣϧҺߵĵ·һ
βп̽սĴ裬ɱأܶ˼·ƫսͱ
ˮľȻҲ̽ս˵ʵͷβֻñ߹Ķѣ̽սûжйֱ̫ӵӰ졣
͸СľǲˮľĶ࣬οˮľһԽߣǰںƽԽ鶼Ԥƣ˵ͬܵѷΣ֮⣬Լϵӽһ鱨֮£ǲΪӪһػΪˡ
Ҳˮľʵϲضڵսڽӵɹѹء
һԳԶǣԸǲߵвʹͲľҹΣΪж
״̬ȻʹЩǰж˺ܴĲͬ
迴ˮľʩչϷ˯ʼ֮󣬲ſʼʵ
Щʵô
ȻЩѵõмֵĺöҲ˶ѡ
һ¡壬һԣǴܹոһһε
һжǲԤģδᷢչʲô˭Ҳ˵׼
ȻЩԼʮռĺöˮľһ֣ôЩۣҲ۶ѣûеԼ˽ǵĵز
ĲƸЩ֮ǴԼױȵĴͷԡԼʮķḻ֪ʶ뾭飬ֻҪڣеĶɥʧһɶҲǰǿ
ˮľʩչϷ˯һʵȻûѣˮľûжԭһƬհ׵˼ʲôı䣬ǽϷ˯ֲǵǽһ㱣סˣڽжͲҪˮľˡ
ޱ仯һϣ㲻ҪͼоЩʵľ״ƽⲢӰҵľִҼȻûжİ֣᪴߳ϣҲһأҪʲôҲĵ
ˮľôܹȫϷ˯ãȻ෽֪ʶҪԼǿܶ࣬Ψһ㣬ˮľķӡʵȴҪǿ١
Ҳܱ֤費һЩرķӰԼľִ֮սڼˮľҪһʧκοܻᵼ¹һ©
üͷһ£¶˱־ԵѿЦݡ
ˣÿһЩǲϣ֪ġ
˳ŵˮľҲǲǻأ´һȻʹ÷֮뿪Ĵ˵ء
İĵʵңֻʣ´һ˺һȺԼʵ塣
ֻصһжˣһĻᣬǡ
ԼĵҩʦѾԼ޷ƿصǿߣҲЩź
һЩ飬û˰æֻԼˡ


907 ս
޹굺أ˵һʱʵܣԼԸеУֻҪܹʵܹӽӽԼ롪ΪӰԼͬԼԸ飬Ҳܹȥ
˵ԼóĲУһǿƼյľβֱǼ尾
ѱĲ˲Ʋ̫óˣϣʵЩѿ
м徫ͨӡԲӦ൱츳Ŷԡ
ϧǣرܿ丸ĸоεмѪƣȻû츳Ҫǿһ㣬ʵ˲Ŷûơ
丸ײˮĿܹƿط֮ķӡˮ׼һ㶼ûм̳С
Ψһ˸еοǣоεıƢûĵԸǼ̳еʮвˮһͷĽҲȷʵʵ˲ˮŵѪ
ڣ˵ѣǲ⡣
βģڵľƾβ
ûоɣǲܿƾβģֻԼּʱȵβ޲Ż᲻Ծγβ¡β޻
ʵܹƵģĲǿƵؿƾβ
ĿǰΪֹþβķʽҪϵİԷӡβתĲ֮˲ܹʹá
תм޵ģŵĻתĲˮ
Ϊβ൱ġ
ڵ״̬Ҫ˵βǰβߺͱ֯ץߡڵĶβ֮ȥľ˻Ҫ硣
βȻǿβޣǱָ룬ӡڵľβȻǿġ
βǱߣνһǿӳҪ
Ŀǰ˲Ҫ˵ΪҪսɻȱսӦԱС
һи鷳Ҫ״̬
ʮβ֮󣬸ָǿľݿ϶ս
ǲʩչľݡ罵ִΧɱ˵ʱҪľβͶβ޲ÿһϣִܵΧ˺ս
Ļνǿ̽ʮβһǿǰҪȫûˡ
ڣ״̬кԶ
ھ޹굺ĵ£ԭҵս֮ĴˣѾʰ߰˰ˡ
Щֵľ޵꣬Ǿĵϣƽˣٴ֮С
ھ޴ڹǱڲǽβûĳɫֱۿƵģˡ
ǰʽʯ飬ھ޴ֱ۵ץȡŪ֮£ѵһ߸ߵϸ
ˣ
β޲ɲһɵ顣
һ£ʵĲֻ˴ϵѹȣֻй֮С
β޲һѹľβģһ൱ء
ֽʺ֮涫ڲ״̬£ֳ״Ҳͬ
ڣ˵ͲҲ˼ֲסĸо
еĶ໨һʱ䣬Ҳ
βѾ˺þˣЩвס˵ʵЩġ
ΪһС˵֣Ŀ֮±ݲϲ顣
ϧ̽粻̫ƽҲܵӰ죬̽ڼ֪ġ
˵βľ˱ץߣ嶼޶ԵĻӵӺҲάֲסˡ
οľ˻ǰץߣս˵ûоսѱץ鷢ЩϣȵʵҲԽԽǿܹԼֳĴĿӰһϳˡ
ǣǲġ֯Ծ޹굺ϮԼͷȡ
֪ľ׶༪֮ԭûûεҲһʱ䡣
˶β޺ĿѾ֪ˡ
Ȼ˵ԼֳĴĿӰŵǸľҶľβ̹٣ѵ˶ԾβĿƣҲδûнȲ˼
˵ףȻǿ󣬵Ҳǲɻȱ̽ǿ߻ǺܶģûȻǿǵĿȱսսٴץߣֻװӵ˵ʵ
ҲΪ̴Ĺʶìصĸ̴壬Ҳɵط
Ȼ￴ûʲôǰеȷʵ쳣ǿ󣬲Ƿߵ֣ͬʱҲֵֹļλóȻж
ڵĿǰΪֹûзʲô˸еΪѵ顣
һԶõͷıʼǱͱʣ̾һ
ѵǰ˵ģôڵľβ򽻵ˣܹ˵ṩãеĻǿжȡѾ㣬ľٶ൱Σյģ𣿡
˶β޲ѵ˻ԲƵʹβ͵ˣҲֻ˵˶ѣ̽޲ߵڣǰ̽սʵҲѾԾһսˣڼʼĵĴսȴС
֪ˣʲôҪ˵ģ
˫ƣ֮£ѾЩֲסˣ˻ǲʱ֪ͣ˿Լѵһܵ˵Ŀúñһ¿ɲУңԼڵ߰࡭ǲı֮УнȸеôƴУ
ǺãϢһᣬָһһе飬뿪һᣡ
ԭвͬΪˮľӰ죬ڵĴ̽ս֮ǰֻʣ˰βȺ;βˣβߺβܽȻܽڵβֻʣһСˣܹӳۿۣھľҶƣԼĵ֮󣬻ָڣȻǿʹóǿβġ
ŲеĻ֯ĻĿܣβҲ壬֮ǰҲ˾޹굺
ֹһʱ䣬Э֮󣬸˵̴彫βܽŵһܱ
Ʊǿ֯в̴Ҳǲ֪ο̴ͬʱ̴ѹ£̴Ҳû̫ѡ
βȣҪȥӦһ´̴屻͹ܽ޹굺
ΪͬʱҲĿǰǿչһԶĿӦ֮⣬֮ĽҲȷʵбҪͨߺǵǸһ㡣

޹굺㣬һʱļ׸¥棬߰ϢΪľҶˮľ֮ӡõߣҰӣΧ̽ҲǸһˡ
޹굺Ľ磬ԼжڼӡôܾЩ֡
ʵȻѾϸˣ黹в㣬Ƕ̽θ֣ԼλߵĿ̫ס
սľȻ׵ģЦ˵
̫ģⲢҪǲΪ˷ֹڲ仯βޱϾʲôȫĶ˶ˮľʦԽ󲿷βŪڹ֮ģ
Ҳֻдﵽ̴ӰʵǿߣŻһ̶ѹβޡ
ܶ඼Ժ׽ļһһβޱߵĻܲЩսʹѡ
ֻҪĵط϶ѹβԵĽ硣
ľҶʵҲУֻķӡͽˮ׼ɲܹᲢ۵ġ޹굺Ľ̻̫ˣȻˣҲֻŻῴóЩ⣬ʵܶ˸ͷֲʲô顣
ľҶΪʲôĽβŵ壿
ʱȻˡ֯Ĵ̽սûпʼעһʱ
ΪʲôĽ˽ѵ
˵߰ľǲʹҰӣʵǿ㹻Ӧ֮⣬ˮľķ֮ûһԣҲԼʱ˾Ȼ
мǰѾˣĴĿӰˮźͶĿӰǧ䲻Ӧûܹˮľڵʱռǡ
СӣƺЩѾöû¶˵İȫǿǱȽϳȵģ֪Ļףʲô⣬ˮľ϶
β߾ûˣм̴ŮܽҲֻܼϣľҶǳˣҲֻľҶŻΪѵǡ
СӣȻ̴ˣǰ̿ԣǸŮҲȥкͬŮиӦҲãף
Ҫ˵ľͻȻԶ̬ǲǿдۡ
ֻճһСڵ㣬ڵ󣬲֮һֻСŸֱ֣ɵľļ򣬽ϰһСֽ
ݲݿ˿֮ɫһࣺ
е鷳ˣ
ôˣ
棬鱨ջ٣ȻɫΪѵش
˵лûнѾʽ̴սˡ


908 ٻ
´ս飬˵̾Ҫ򣬽һʮ˵սڿƶݣɲһ׵飬̽齨Ѿӽβ
ԱΣؼǱɺʵĶ飬ǲĸָӡ
֮£ǧͷ̽鷳һ㣬֯Ҫսǰ׾źͻתţһ־ָһֻš
ȻָߵҪһ㣬ʹÿһسġʿܿûа취ȫӳ
ִΧսϣĥ˸־ľӣصں֮ڸơ
Ȼǰ̽û̫һ֮ıսֵǿߴڣźһǡǡǡ֯Ը⿴ģ̽絽ĿǰΪֹյǿʵ̫ˡ
νʮ׾ţȻЩƣԴ̽ǰʵ΢·ġ
԰ɵжо֮⣬󲿷ֶɵϴóҲ㹻ˡ
а׾仯Ҳɧ밵ɱԾͨǱԶƶİ׾˵ʵٺòˡ
ֻҪ޶ȵظ̽鷳㹻ˡ
ҩʦƵĻתţȻԶԶ磬սǿɵóĿҲܴ󣬿ңҩʦϻҪزģһʹõĻ̽جΡ
ʱѾû̫ʱ˫Ļˣôãൽ˴̵ʱˡ
ȻϣҲ̾ӡ
ҶݵˣսˣҪ֮żݻȻ󽲼ȻĻ֤սԣһе˶ֽϻʲôġ
ΪóɱմȾѪȣϷ֮㵽Ϊֹͽˣ
ɲϷһΪ˴׬ಫ
ҡˣᶨԼģսǰʮбҪģΪҪһֻһܣǾǵԶԼҪѾֵٶ˼ˡ
ڵ̽ʱϷ磬֯ΪĴƻûɣȻħɱֻ۵ҲС̽ߣȻȡһֻֻۣȴûܹȫֻˡ
ˮľǵģȻǲߣǲȻҲǿ󣬵ڶֵΧ֮£Ӧû̫ᣬܹһ֮ѹӰǲߣ˵ʵûмʶʵʵ޷⣬ûгΪʮβǲ߾ȻôǿΪʮβǲߣǺھ͵Ϯ治֪ôܹܡ
Ȼڵľû뵽ôֻ࣬ǶڵЩͷۡ
ոոյ鱨Ӧǡ֯ͬʱ̴Ͷս飬ķʽҲ̽һʧ
ս飬֪ؾͷֱ𱻰˸̴Ӱİ칫档
ľҶ壬ûֹ֯׼ȷ˵Ӧǰ׾͸ĳţ֪߶ԼĴսЩ飬ԭ齨һ鷳ֵܽ⣬û뵽ԶԶô򵥵¡
˷״ôҵͷһ
ԭǲ˵Ļ̵Ȼ˵
ң̻شӣн񣬽ؿ֮пΡСڣӦòʲô⡭̳
ʦ
СӣЩֵʵ
ûɣҲ޿ɺǣҲҪ
ľͷ
ϰβ޵һʧرߵ¹ʣóӡܹ
ǷӡܹʹģʽСӣѾԿߵʵģʽӷӡȷʵ״ѡȻǲдʵҲвСİǲҪľش׼񣬲ڴˡ
б仯ʿʦѧҲϤǻģ壬ȻˣʱҲҪʵæ
֪ˣ
Сӣͷ
ȻʦѾźˣôˡ
ôʱ̣ȻΪսٽĹϵһֱûн̣ʵܶͬһͬѧѾ̵ˮ׼ֻΪ̫ࡢ̫æˡ
սڼߵȼҲ̫ĺô
Ǿˣȥĸ˴кҺͻֱ뿪һǽġСӣ㻹ǰҸղ˵ģ̴ཻܽһ£ҲҪദ
⽻Ҫ飬һ㲻̳ͷµģǼ̽սʱ̣ҲʱҪʱˡ


909 
ľҶ壬һʱ֪鱨ˮľѾæòɿˡ
λȨȻһ£Ȩܵ˵𾴣ʱЩҲǶ㲻ġ
ʱ򣬸æµˣξƹľҶ徯ˮľ
ľڵʱˮľѲ
ȻҲæôиֹʡʲôİæ¡
ȻǴƹһţȴԵĸλܶ¶Ҫ͸
ʱˮľŸ⻳ľڴ󲿷񶼽ӹܵʱС
ǸʱԼڸв֪ΪѾæˣû뵽ڲǼ尾ĵ
ˮľ֣Ψһһ֣Ǻϣذ¹Ůߡ־
ˮľǿҪæʱСŮˮľԹĿӰ뿪νؼ¹Զˡ
һʼСŮЩڣѾѹôԭͲôϲǺɽоҰҰӣԼȻûѧŮӵװ磬һĳۣЩҵĳټ㲵ɫԼơƿһı߿۾ʵЩᡣ
ЩŮŮ滹ǹֻڼﲻޱ߷־ѾæôԼòˡ
ˮľٺʵһ´Ӿ鲿ӵԱкüǰ󲻶Ӧĵط
ͷöˮľͷ̧
ҲֻǸЩǲд͵ǶĿɣԼŰˣС¶ҪһһĿҪʲôã
ֲԼҪġ
־ǿĲһ˿Цݴ
ҲҪ㣬Ҫ¹ģִ˲ˡ
ԭôԼҪ¹ֿ־ˮľûкɫˡ
ЩΪְ𣬻һ㣡
ְ𣿡
ˮľӶļİ칫̧ͷ
Ҫô˵ĻҾֻܸ۲ϸˣҲزӰҪ湤Ļ
ˮľ֮˵
ɵ⣬Ҿ͸һ¹ܣ
ܣ
־һ
𣿡
ǰǰȻڴѾˣ󲿷˶ˮľĿǺ˽⣬Ϊˮľϲͷˡ
Ҳֻˮľ򽻵ԼϢͨĴϲ㣬֪ˮľһЩԡ
˵еӵԤѪ޽ĸ֣ܴõһЩֻƬָõĺôֱԹ
ȻⲻʵһЩһ֪д˵һŲɣͿˮľΧܹϵߣЩ෢չԭȻϻۣʮǿĴҰӣܹǲᲢˡ
֪ģʽµȻ࣬ڰŲʵϰܳһʱ䣬ܶ־Ȼ֪һЩ˲֪Ϣ
Ǿô˵ˣҰæ
ܺãȻŮߣػߵĿ⣡
ˮľٴڰ֮䡣
ڵҲˣŮҲŮӣһϹϵ̶½˷ָĵز򵥵Ĵǵԣ־ˮľҲʮġ
ʱˮľͷһݵЩΪѣǵӡԻתľ޴ã齨ǿķӡ˲żжԵУҲճ̡
ηӡӳĲˮľǱεľóӡĴҰӣָӲȫάܲŵĽЭ֪ߵԶͨŽ
ˮľʱİҲ֮СӣΪɱʹá
򵥵˵ˮľʱռԼ˵ǿ󱬷Ե˵Ҫɫʵʩնס
ˮľΪѵģѾΪرС˾쵼ķӡൣηֶӳ
Сʵְ϶ʤεģؼˮľ˽֣СԶΣա
ӡಢȫź;ںرҽư಻ͬҪõӡģǳսԲõǿУһս³
ҷӡֱĵ˺ܿǻתţһǰҪôǰҪôǰ̴ӰиṢ̵ĻɫǺöԸˡ
ȻСʵлģʽδ֪ǿѪ޽磬ԵоҲս̫ˣᷢʣˮľߵĻʲôΣվͲˡ
ѵ˵Ҫⰲһʵ
뵽⣬ˮľҡҡͷֻεڵϸϵӡ¡
ϽžˮľȻȨݵأˮľӰһС»õġ
ǣˮľҲҪСĸܣѧϰʮߣؼʱӣһ۵㡣
Ƿ֮䣬ˮľҲĸСһڣôҲԲκ֪
ֳĲΣ˵úǹģ˵ĲСӣЩ¿Щ²С
СһĸҲһϸľҶߣսϣݲ̫˽顣


910 
µˮľҲû̫õİ취⣬ˮľҵķ
ǶϤĵĹذȡᣬоܳһʱˮľⷽԽˣ仹ԼΪĵļˡ
µҲֻСʵˡ
ˮľôãһֱûиСʵֻҪʮβǲߣӦܹһʱᣬֻҪʱģʽټδ֪Ѫ޽ǿ󹥻ֱİ״̬
ֻǣСʣֲ˶öѡ
ھôһĻʱ䣬Ҳ㹻ˮľʹ÷֮ЭˣֻҪ⣬Ӧòд⡣
СңĸսСʵܹæչˡ
ôÿˮľСΪæµʱСʵҲܹﲻæĻҲܹ˹ʵΪһ˲ɫСˡ
ϰ״̬СңҲµûбԹ̫࣬սٽľҶСӣҲܹӴ˵ᵽһĽȸС
սƿʼ̽磬Ǿǰ̽ս곤ߣҲԽʷΪյһ̽սǲѣĲֹûоսˣսǰҲо˲Ϣ
ÿһ˶ܵһ˿⡣

˪֮Ѿܾûо£һġ֯ʽԱѵõһá
һΣǲֻʩչõ֮γɵĻ뽻սǰһμϡ
ܽ󣬴ҾҪ׼Ȼ󱼸սˣһμ桭Ҳ֪ûһΡ
ѾַԳΪɺǲߵǲоҲڡ
Կ϶ǲȱϯġ
֮⣬Ϊ׻СѾˡ֯ʱ֪ȥġճ¡ҲˣܿѾǲǲֵ
˵ɱķɶΣҲ޵һ£Ӧʬ޴ˣҲ˾޵ķ㡢˺׵ķɶλûȥҲûʲôֱˡ
ֻİĽǶ޻ܹ
֯˰
ɳЦ˵
ֹǸûˣΧԱ̴ɨòˣ
ǲں˵
ЩνֻҪھˣսѾˣ취̽һ鱨
֯սĿģΪ˻̴壬߳ư̽磬ЩǸĿ꣬ĵĿģʵץסռβޡ
ֻҪʮβһѶӭж⣬Եѹһз
鱨
Щ⡣
飬һֱרŵô
ֱ˵Ҿˣ
ľòؽӻ
ڲ̫̽鱨ˣҵȻѱֱǵںܾ裬Ҳֻ취
ô
Щơ
ôҲǲУֻЩ鷳
ǲڰ֡
ҪУҪ԰æˣǶ
ǲһĬĽǶʵ
ϴȥ֮ʲôջ񣿡
Ҷ֪̰ƵļһһֱѰҾ֯󲿷ǮƵǰʽԱСϣ˵Ƕȥǰ֯ܲڵأǲҲһʡ
һ񣡡
ײĹӽǶֺð˳
ﱻһĪ֯ռݣѧǰװŪûҵʲôмֵ鱨Ҿͳˡ
Ǳϳ˰ɣ
ĻӾĿðźεĳ
ȫȫβĽ֮ȻǱһ뿪֮Ķ׾鲻Ҳ̫ʧְˡ
𣿡
ǶõؿžĿŵ裬ǶɲԭųŵСϵ뿪֯ʵѾֱˣĿĲؼһʣ¸޺ͽǶˡ
ҿӣҲ֪ñԼҪ࣬Ƕʵ뿪֯ˡ
Ҫ˵ˣ
ߣ¶һֻдֻ۵ǲֹ˰׾ļȻԽǶ˵
˵Сˣ֮СôҲһңһȥȷʵЩܳ
֮ıʣʵ̽еʶ֯е鱨ֻڴʶ֮仯ԭ֮ǰԸ⽫ûʲôô֮档
ȻѾͼذʱ򣬵֯̽ļһҲûзɡ
Χ֯˴룬ֻҪ׾ţ㹻̽ľ󲿷鱨ˣսϢطŵ̴Ӱİ칫ϣ֪ǶжĽҲܺ⡣


911 
ǲ˵鱨޹ؽҪǰ׾źͻתڻƽ̽עȻҪսȥץȡβޡ
ǣǰҰ̬Щ仯ˣԭ̽鱨ָƵġ֯Ϊ̴嶼ʼˣռ鱨ѶȱҪ˲١
ڣǲŶԽʣҪʵΪ鷳̫ѣѵǻ̴ĸ߲㣬ܹμҪս飬ܹӴ鱨С
Ҫ̸ףô򵥣׾ǲԼˣҲҪʣʽԱйս鼯˼ˡ
ޣӦÿԵİɣ
Ը
ðܳʱˮӰġǲߡȻ̵֮֮һ޼ԣֻҪҵʵ飬һĬԵô
Ƕ׼ô
Ƕƽҡҡͷ
鱨鲻óģսϳ󣬶Ҫף

ǶĻشûгǲԤϣ֮ܵģǶòʵ̫ˣ̫۵ˣʵڲʺ
пܵĻǲҲ鷳Ƕڡ֯ʵ̫ˡ
Ȼ׼顭
ʲô
ɱ㹻Ļң

Ƕȵͷʾס
һȥģ
İҲǲ⣬̴岢ϵ쵼ߣƹʹ֮䣬ȫһ¡
׵ȨĴȺ׵Ļ̽ĴҲ൱󣬸̴ӰܴдȨ½Ĵ̳ߣδ㹻쵼ովҵĹҡ
ֻҪԹ˲Ͼǡ֯õĻᡣ
İɱжƱػ߽ڱ棬һ֯ʤ㣬˵һ㡣
ҪҪ飬
ǵԼҪսɣЩϤЩ֪սˣҪע⣬ҪǵҪĿץȡβޣ
˳Ųĵͨǲ;ŵһôĸ޺ͽǶ˵ܶ
ˮµĶ˰ɣǾ̣һ̽սԲ˵˵ѣǵĵ
شˮµİ׾һڡ֯ǰ֮࣬ɫǶס飬ȥȻһ²ؼĮӡ
սҪ̽඼ɱ𣿺ǺǡԭΪ֯Ѿҡҡ׹ˣû뵽ĵ̣
޿ˮµİ׾˵
ʵǵѹҲС٣Ӧòᱻ̽ƾƸˡ
ǲŽ͵
ԣҪѵЭ
˵ŵǲ˫ֽӡʩչͨȻһŹ餱ٻĳŹ׸Ǵ򿪣¶תߵݡ
ЩȫҪλͷŴֻĺڰݵĲڰӦܹһлתʩߡҩʦĸš
ǲȻתֻۿΪµʹûǿԵģȻ鷳һ㣬ǲ֮αֲ󲿷ȱ㣬ͳĳЩ滹ơ
ȻǲҲԼòɵܵҩʦĸš
׳ۣ
һΣԴӽǶϿ֮ɫ
תߣҶİһλ
ˣϢû۾ԴƾˣˣܹףЩ˻ŵʱ˲õĸ֡
ββǡѡ
λǱ֯ץβ޺λĿĺ췢ߡϣԼͷߡ
һλ˰ȴˮӰˣ
̷ͫһƷϺۼ˺ۡһǰ˴װɫĹ״ĺòԶʵҪĴĿˮӰʸֵĻ壬Ҳ۾վڹ棬ǲٻ
һײɫŮߴҲİǲ֮ǰھ޹굺֯ͻϮץĶβľˣʱڳļʩչŷ⾡ڵĶβ÷ӡġ
Уһ͵ɮ˾Ͳ˶ʶˣׯϵĵõɮģǻ壬ڸ񵭵ԡ


912 
ˣӦû߼ڷ֮ȴһβָҪ˵ˣɰܶ˶֪ôһˡ
ʶľǶ͸޽͡
һλ͸Զˡ
ǶЩȣЩͷشϵľûû˵Ľ˵
֪Ҫ죡

ҫĻһͣȻ漴Ц
ˣǻ˾ʮϹĿӰǧ䶼ɱġ֡ʶӦõġ
һλתģΪʮҵŮӣһͷ췢𣬷κװΪӣȻ۾Ȼº͵ɫӺݻ̬ȣҲ޷ε¶˳
ǺþûмĴˣˮ֮м츳ķӡߣʢ󣬶ΪҲóϷͬʱҲǳĿӰǧӡ϶޿ɺǵǿ󣬵ǿصĻǿӡԼҪݡһξβͬʱҲǽϵĿߣŴβ޵սķӡ⼸ʮٶ֪ܵʶӰ졭
Ϊ˶ԸһˮľΪ׵ľҶڷӡͽϵľ޴ƣǲ;Ҳɷѿˡ
õɮмͳ̳ˣ˾ȣǸˣҲɵһ̶ˡ
ˮķӡˮƽǲǱˮľǿ˭Ҳ˵׼ٲȥһڵ˲õսϣŵغˮľսÿһڲľء
˵м̽ӡǧľߵĻɮȺ͸ˡ
֮У󲿷Ҳóӡȴͬ˼Ϊټƫš
ɮǴһֻȥķӡΪа봫װŪֶΣ֮⣬ΪóģʵƳӡ
һһ棬򣬶סڽͷӡӵĿܣǳˮľĿ̫࣬òЩİ취ˡ

ΪʲôԶˮоβǸ𣿻У˶涼Ũβ޲ϢˮϵβϢô£
ǰβѾץˣαӦòѣβӦûûֻŶԡ
ش𣡡
Ľ䣬һŶñ۵Ӱ˳ҩʦģ
ˮоΣΪʹûתʧˣΪ֪ʧܵԭֻܽˮϣȻҵˮϸҲһ򣬵ôҲǳɹˡˮϵβϢô
ҩʦӡʩչͨ餴ӵƾ׸Ǵ򿪣¶һһӡ
˵ܹʹþβĽֵܣͬʱҲɱĿӰǧ֡ôβҲ˲ٹ򰡣
߹ĹЦŵҩʦǲ˵
ǼģʱɿѡҩʦЩҲļ
ʱĵĻðɣȷʵʱģǴﵽԵĿ֮ǰ
׼ûǳţ
ˮĽǶţͨϷ˯ӣһʱ֪ǲ߱ʵˮľѾȵͣͷĹŴŸոյõҪ鱨
ԭֲֻµӣû뵽˴ó
ˮͷָȷʵˮľԤ֮ǿС
Աӡһβغףָѹһӣغƽ˼ʮû˷ˣȫǷָĹܹͣͬʱѹһβغףĵõɮɲЩҡײƭļһܹᲢ۵ġ
ˮԽǶм˽Խ࣬ԽоӡķӡԽɵƽ֮еĶˮľ͸ԽʵһͣоչЩȥ⻹ˮľó
̳м崫ͳˮԵʵδǿ˼ɵȷʵˮľԵĶ֡
οˣ
ˮľˣԭеĴڸмǰļиû̫ϸ鱨Լο
ˮľΨһԿ϶ģһԼֵĵˡ
ιˮľô͵ˣ
˼ˮľһӺϱĿģȷʵڹʱ˯
æĲɿ־ԹҲ֮С
ˮľ˻ԴЩĵʱԺ󣬶־˵
Ѿˣ͵ɣ
ɫѾþˣϼӰҲҪи޶ȣЩԵĹľˡ


913 ݽ
ս׼ݱؽУ鼯ڻ֮֮֮ϵȣһƬǻսĴ̽սĵչ
ȻսԼ˴µĶԾȻôϸ
˭Ҳ浽ȫŶԷ߹Ҳ̽ûĻƵĵսôܽʤĹؼڵسŵ棿
һһ߻̽װ֮󣬱սԭһӪһľҶ壬ҲʼЩտֵĴһ̬սӰ죬ڲ̽ķ档
ģ϶ѹĴ
ΪĿӰĸֻΪæµҲµͿʼⱼˣôһ¸صļһͷ¶棬ܶҪӡӰܽ⣬ҲҲϿɵġ
ľصľҶ֮󣬺ܶˮľҲԴɽảץʱԼˡ
żľΪ̽ᣬҪΪӣʱΪӵж֧̾ԮӣҪɼ汸ٶȺ߹ɣľΪ׿ǿʵΪӵĶӳ
ȻǶӳҪսָӣȻһҪߴ߹ܲҲˣΪľҶ壬Ȼľֵĳ
ľҶĲţǡþľľ˳ֵɣ񽻸˶С
ãˮľæµ˴ˣԼҲ˲١
ľҶɽĵʵңһʱ䣬ˮľʱѾǺܶˡ
ʵڣˮľһЩ֮ص㣬Ѿ𽥴ľҶɽʵתƵ֮ˡ
ϾֻǴõʱʵңޣе㣬پˮľչȻоЩơ
иõĵطӰȫĳأ˭ҲĴڲյĵ¡
֮СҲһңȨֵеߵء
ִ֮˭ȡʲôιԣֻҪӰҲ̫ġ
̽ûʲôϹȨ»֮֯ڣײĻֻǺԵġ
Ϊˣˮľʹ֮ʩҲ˹ܣ˵һЩʵˡ
̽һҡһߴûЩ˵飿
ԶжĿӰǧ䣬ôµĽѵûбƷ
С̡֮һĴ裬ֵ޹֪ж١
̴壬ҲеԹͲ֮Ľ
ܹом䵽ж棬ֻ֪ˡ
ΪתƵ֮ˮľŽһЩ¶˾ʮ鷳оȫߣɽĵʵңһЩоǳĿĳתվ
ԭ֮ˮľʵΣʱ򲻺ʱ˵
һΣΪоߣǱ۲Ķʵ̨ϡ
ֻ֮ʣˮľһʵϣִˡ
ˮľһζϵսƷǲֹˮһͲдϵͳļ顣
ԴӽһʹñĻᱻĵһͲд۾ֲ˹ϡ
˵һʼЩӦΪֹóֵҲˣǸһϵͳļˡ
ƺʣеĻҪ
̨ϣһҲûԼϵ⡱ޱص٩š
Ϣҵ״ȻֻͲд۵ģ
տʼֲʱ򻹱ֵòԣȵڣһг䶨ʱ򣬺¶ˡ
ˮľԭʣΨһ˳ƵľǲͲʹóϸ״֮ȻԭҪǿ٣ֻͲдۣȻ벻״̬ûռĺټͨϵṩĻͼֲסˡ
еʵ棬ǵһϷ˯ûйףҪ䷴Ϻȵķˡ
ʵˣǲֲд֮ģԤеĶ˲١
ô۶ûôţ
ˮľЩͷۣû뵽ϢãҲûа취顣
ϢռĲûԴͷճĲĳĲϢôֻΪһڸμĹܾûˡ
޽һˮ⣬첻꣬ҲûкϪˮ룬ֻǸѡ
Աӣľ㣬оͲдۣҩʦһ߰ںѪͳֲͲдֻûҲ츳ˡ


914 
ҩʦľȣˮľʼֱ̿ǼϱڶоִϷ˯֧Ԯûа취֧һͲдۣܻȲӦҪ۵ˡ
ľֵֻһֻдۣһͲдۣԼƾŬܿͲдۣȵܹǿʹõʱҲѾ˺öˡ
Ҫڶʱƾһ֮ʹͲдۣǲܵ顣
ҩʦֲôϸһܹɵóģ˵оǲѪ
̸ЩɹʹͲд۵ġѾ˵־ŲأҲ뾡˰취ͬʱֲ˳ĿӰǧϸһѵдۣǿﵽƽ⣬ʹһֻǲֹˮͲдۡ
ˮľԭʺǱȲ־ŲصģֲܹһͲдۻܹǿѾ֮ǰĸ׼ʮֳֵĽˡ
ʵˮľʹñʱֲǲֹˮһͲдۣԹʹòȫܺʱȻҲܴ󣬵ˮľƾǿʵͲдֲۣڹ֮ʱһˡ
ǿģɸ¥ƽ𣬿¥ǲܴڵģͲдôĶôûоƣ
ȻЩ˳ôҲûеǿܹʹþˡ
ҲڵЩѣܺɷش
ľھķܶ࣬ʵֶδйִ֮ͨϷ˯ܺ𣬾ܺļԺõö࣬жݡȻӡȵȣֻҪǳͻͣԽͬʱܺǿս
˵ĹվΧɫʼ⣬γһߴĳֽãһᣬڵӡɫĲ֮ӡ״̬ûԤеշ䣬ӡţɫܺڴɫһɫĵס
Ȼȫܺӡܺϣγ״̬ܺм򵥲٣鷳ķж
һɫ֣ܺžõʵһ롣
ȻƾˣʵϣˮľУ׶ݵȽ϶࣬ܺ棬㲻ϣ⻹ǲܺȫܺҲֻɷ׶ܹЩô
ȻļԺöˣͨĲ˵Ѷȸ󣬸֮ȷʵԡ
ж̽ȷʵƣѪ޽һߣѪ̭ѵõˣƾǼˣΪ̶߳ȵѪޣֻд۲ʹõó̽ơ
жשһֻݵ·ܵңȻֻǻ
εĽˮľҲЩʧԭԴͷݣϷ˯ܺӦܹںϷչŶԣڿƺô¡
ѵûһջ񣿡
ҡҡͷ
ô򵥣ȷʵջ񡭡
ʲô
ˮľ׷ʵ
ܺΪʲôĽɳ̶ôߣΪܺһף಻ͻżǿԼ
ף
ˮľһζţܺһսߣͬʱҲǿ
㽫Ϸ˯ٻ
ˮľԣȲؿʼӡһᣬһֻ޴ĺˮľԭֻǴǿĲľִѾһ˿ԵϢǷӡ֮ı仯ڳ׽֮ǰԾɢݵʱ޷ˡ
ٴοܺɫ״һûдĽ״һ任״ھ޴Ϸ˯Ļ档
ԭЩҲʵϷ˯磬ڳױӵʵĴڣֻܹͨʩӾϵĹ
ˮľһִںϣһֻ޴ʿֳ֣ɫĻ棬ʿ󣬳ֵĲܺеһʰ쵵ĺ
ˮľž޴ĺȶ˼£Ȼ֣һԳڸǵһʮӰ֮һѶ̽ʩչʬ⾡ʱи֮С
е˼֪ûľϲ
ֻҪǰ׷ѹˮľǿˣ֮սóС


915 ûɺ
Ϊ˲ܺļԣ֮е渡ֳ˳ɫĻ棬ܺɫ潻㣬ϳͻںϣ漴ˮľӿںϵĻɺɫ֮Уӵʿȫ
ʿųһ£ȷʵݣ
ģôǿ
֮ոãԼݵĻֻʣһ;ִԴľ񹥻ˣۼĺʿܺķ֮⣬ʵû
Цҡҡͷ
÷ʽ뵽ʲô
ˮľһ֮
װ̫ܺһ㣡
ǿ϶ģܺûдȫ״̬ľִҲǾβҲֻһ˵⣬Ժֵڴġ
ˮľͷ
˵еܺһܺõ׺ݵúõĻԽͬʹãȻҪϷ˯ܺɶˡ
Ϸ˯籾Ҫ߻ٳɳܺҪͲдˡ
ʱ仹ǸĶҪ紩Խ꣬˵ͬ
ʮβǲ߸ʱܹӳҪˡ
ˮľıԹùٴЦ
̫紩Խûõģ˵ģֲǲֹˮͲд֮һЩ²⣡
˵˵
ˮľɢȥϷ˯磬γܺԽԼһźϾ˵
Щ꣬̽緢˺ܶ¹ʣʵɺϣм屻塢ǧּȫ̽磬ˮ֮Ѫ޽㣬ǲ壬һЩǴ󲿷ֶ֪ԭȷʵûʲôһǶ˵ʮ귢ʵ̫ˣⲻɺݡ
˵紩Խûйϵ
ȻУ
նش
ԭˮľûӡ͵òΣҲǻĺöӡȻİأǲ岻壬Ӵд۵ĻᶼûУҴд۵⣬ǲĽάҫģ϶ὫɱӶҶ˵ʲô⣬ϵҲûˣ·͵̽ŸͲмںһʲѵƽӹ̴򽻵ܻûп㣬ּҾͽˡûΣУȻһоʵشɽ־ŲڰΪܹʲô̶ȣûеһͰ𣬵òڵĺôҪôӣЩ΢΢ĻᣬҪôڴ沨ûбĿˡ
׺Ӣ۱ɫһ¹ȻΣգҲǻЩʴ˹елȡòһĦеĻᡣ
紩Խ꣬ˮľʹϵӽһ鱨ƣܿҲӲ׳־޴ʩչ
ʷȨı
ǡͻԻǱצܡ
Ҵ˫գǿڽݡ
ñԩѪȾڡ
紩Խ꣬ˮľԸ³ǡǱצܡǡѪȾڡ
Ҫƶ𣬳Ŭ֮⣬ʱ˺ȱһɡ
ɹôףԶˮľʵǣΪʲô󲿷ֶΪ
εĻˮľЩд
Ҳ˵ʱ򣬻̫
ٲģܱӺץöˡ
ðɣ
ȻЩԸϣ˵ȷʵмֵ
ŸղŵĻ˵
֪߽̽統ȻոʵǡĻһոĲֹеˣˡ
ˣ
ˮľͷһ
û͵С͵ǿũĹʵѾ쵽ޣ޷ٳɳҲڿ籩굽˽֮ǰո
˵˲죬ˮľԾüͷ
϶ִǻҲҪʱزΪۻȻⲻ˼֪дƣһһ̽սЩᷢչıȻ˵Щԩǲ̫ϧҲ޿ɺǣһע⣬ǲѾǿһˣʮǰֻǲߺǲȪοͲдۣʮ꣬ѾȷϿͲд۵ľͲĶԣľҩʦ־Ųش˼׶ԿͲдۣǿʲôʱôֵǮˣ
ųĬˮľνʵ
ʲôʱʼǧּмԵĻǲдۣͲʸ˲١


916 Ʒ
ôһ˵ĻȷʵɻΪʲôʱ̽ս޻ͻȻθôࣿ
ʮǰǲߺͳĿӰǧʵڲ֮䣬ǧ仹ռһơ
Ĵսʱ򣬽ǲߵĻ壬ܽǧĻ塢ټ϶ĿӰǧ䡢ĴĿӰˮšβŪڹ֮䣬Ǽʮǰͼʮ޲Ե֤
⼸ʮ䣬ǰЩ£Щǲй
ȫ̽統һлĻǿԽȡ
ˮľ˼ʱ򣬹ν˵
ڲÿµ£̽Ȼ췦ûԾȣǧ֮ǰǿ̽ҲһЩӦĴʩ
˵
ˮľ˼
ͲľһѪ
ˣ
ν͵
Ϊ졢ִһб仯ǡ
ΪȱݣЩΥڵײ㹹ܲȫµ⡣
Ⲣġ
̫ҲӽƵĳᷴƻ磬Σ
ֻҪƣͻ߻һı죬ʹĶԴӡ
Ĵڣ̽бףڱףǱ״Ҫϸ
֣ͲľһƻȴǳͷβĴΣ
̽ȡĴʩǷֻ£ΪõĲԡ
Ч϶еģͲľºʹͲľַӡͲľҹ᳹̽磬ĳɹ
ʮβ׷ָһΪţҲӡ
вûȫ̽ĲԲûȫɹ
ֻֻۡдۡͲдۣʵ̽ײƻȨľ֡ɣѪ޽ĳǲģ꣬ǰȸۡ۵ĺȻԣڡ񡯵Ȩ
⣬ˮľͻȻϵ
˵ǲҲӰİۣ
㶣Ц
۸Ѫ޽磬дۡͲдٵֻ۵̽ԭϵһ£Ȼͬ;յкܶƵĵط̽԰۴»ڿɷչĳ̶ȡڵİۣûжֵóֵļֵת۵ĻǾ˵ˡ
ϵĴͲľĺ¹شô̽һ廹ǿ
ν̽һţҲǧֺǲ֮ԼԼѣת۶
οʣ۲д̽ġ׶ӡ֡ƿܹó֮ǰнݾߣҪôóĲѻҪôôۺϳɣϺѴɡ
˵˴Ѫ⡣ҾӦýһΪǧּ塢м塢ǲ塢ҥҲǴͲľѪĻҹһҲһԭ򣬼һ̽ѭ
ѭ
εͷ
֪̽µĽ׶Σ򣬹ĲѪһʧѪ̡Ƕһ룬̽粢Ȩ磬ǿԽЩѪ޽磬̽ӣпܻҲ᳤ܻɲǧ֡Сǲȵȣ
Ȼ˵
һ˲䣬ˮľ뵽ԵɣͲľҹڼϵתҲܿܿҪˣʹͲľһ׷ٶ༸Ҳ١
һˣÿ£⽻ļʱ̣ô죿
ѧһķ˷ܼһİ취ֹʡ
̽ߣʣƺʱõһЩΪӦԽսߵķǽȨ󲿷ջأֶȻǽɵĲϹʵոʣµģܵ̽仯ĺôʣΪ̽粻һеĴ̼֮£ԽԽԡ
ĻֳһЩȷʵֵζ
д۱ֳĽʽһ˾ǱĿӰǧ־ŲؾŲɡ
дۿۣԼд۽Ͳд۵ʱ򣬶Ҫ֮˵̼ɱܹĴ˵޻̸֮Ȼ֮֮Ҳԣʣͬǲ˵ռݵıشܶࡣ
һʹд۱ֳ˼ΪԵӶͬԣ˵ǱҲ޿ɺǣԴͬΪƷἫؿдޡ
ľڲ֮һٲն˼߼ˣڵĴսͲд۵ͫþãȻûԵɡ


917 Ӷ
̽޵ߣֻݼǲ壬ֻдֵԶѡ
棬ʩչѶȣԼ⣬ܶ𽥷ſ
սɳǧּǲɾ˳ĿӰǧǿľǲߵͲдۡβȫ̽Ĵսҹ塢мǧּɾǲֹˮǲǲͲдۡȵǲǲǲ֮ʣµǲ˵ͲдҲԽԽˡ
ǲֱӽֻҲָۣͫνǿǿݡ֮ʱռʵǴεˡ
ۼʮǰǲߵͲдʲô
û֪ҲûЩνġǿô
ǲ֮ǰʹõȫܺʮȭͰ뾵
ǲˡǲΨһʣµͲджǿ
ܺӳʼ̬һ̬ڶ̬̬һֱ̬û˵̬װܺٵȫ塤Ŵβģʽʮβûʲôܱˡ
ǧ谮һ֮ӣȻ˵еȻػ˾ǿ
ɵǿߣͬͻøǿ̽ڹؼʱ̲ȡжģʽѾֹֹˣðգҪʧˣ͵ʴף
Ȼԭǳɹȹ˴ͲľҹΣ
ΣΣգҲǻȹˣͻĺôͱʱӦһΣ
ǣעһĶĲʽԾȣǡǡ˵Ѿǭ¿ˡ
˵ڳʢе磬ĲԣһԴģ޵ģԽ٣õĺôԽְ࣬ҵΪʲôڲ֮ƶȡеսְҵΪòЧʵɱ¾Ⱥ塣
治ɱ¾ľʣֻӦĲЦܹսʱ𽥷չ׳󣬲ûɵġ
òսߣ̽ѡ

֪Щʲôô
΢΢һЦ
ֱӵĺôûУǣҲûпõĵطͲд۱ƵģʹõĴ̫࣬ͫĹ󣬻ʧһǶ֪ǿֲ֮ͨ˵ͫһ⣬۵Ͳдۣ
֪
ˮľ˵
ҲбͨķǾʹð׾ϸӴĹӦӦͲдۣԱ˺ģͲдͫĻʱ䡣
ǲӣʹô꣬ôƵûϹһ㲻ӦûУֱ˼飬׾ϸȷʵʮõĺö
ҪٵضͲдֲֵֻ֮ܺͲд۵ͫУǣô
εĻˮľһ㶣ǰȷʵûпǹⷽ⡣
пͨд۵ǲ˼Ϊޣʲô˷ֲֵֵܵͲдͫԻøǿ
ֻһܣǾǾھ۸ĵġǲءϺļҴʯϵġ
ų̶ʵֵûɣʯıҪ޵ĺǲһ壬ôǲ忪Ͳд۵ֵɱİʾ
ȷʵһɡͲдۣһֵ֮ͬʱʿĿԺܴ󣬲ͬڵĻܴȷʵѴɿֲһ֤α
Ͳд۱ѾˣͲдۣϳһͲдۣǲ˵Ǻܻ㣬ԣûлᣬҲûж֤һǼٵġ
ǣǲߺǲȪֵܵľȴ֤ôЧġ
ͺˡ
ңҲֻǽǲֲͫǲϣȷʵɹˣ޷ҵһͲд۳һ²ֲֵ֮ǲҲܹɹ
׵Ͳдֻ꼻һ֣ϾͱˣԼҲ
Ҵ廹дۣ֪ܲܳɹͲдۣˮľҲע⣬ôʣµֻС
ҩʦս򣬵һҵͲдۣ
̽绹ʣԿõͲдֱۣˮľҩʦϣټǲľһԣˮľֵܹľҩʦˡ
Ҫڶʵһò֮ʹõֻвñʽӶͲдۡ
ΪҩʦʮΣգΪ̽ҩʦĶλˮľЩƺһ飬ˮľ˱֮С


918 
Ͳд۵ʵֱӺʹõƵʺʹϢϢء
ûдﵽͲдõ˺һѵѡ
ҪǿҪ𽥱ʧˡ
һ㣬Խд۵˵ʵ̫пˡ
Ψһİ취ֲͬͲд۵ܹͫ⡣
ˮľȻʱľвѷ֮ǡ
ǣǲǲﵽܹʹܺĵزҲһܹ顣
ˮľҪڵĴս֮ǰ÷ԾһΨһİ취ֲͫ
ʣµͲд۶ֵ֮ĽѪԵˮľҲֻܼϣԶ֮ͲдֲҲƲҲԲá
̽ԭȼޣҪ˵ӡͲľҹûСӵͲдۺľĳĿӰǧ䣬Ҳ𵽾ԵãѾǱΪ֮񡯵ǿˡؿһޣһǿߣ̽ûϣˡ
֮㡣˵Ȼ㣬ࡣ
ʵϣ̽Ѿϱһ׼
൱һУԱ³μӲġ
ƨɶˣȻһʱһЩôǺ¡
ĿӰǧǲߵʱĻ֮һȳ˼ʮգǿߵ㣬̽ڲϵ䣬һֱмǲ屻
ֹʵĺ֢Ϊðճɹʧֻʵͣһָʱѡ
˺鷢֮Ѿ޷ˡ
ֻ¶ʶ̽ı⣬ڶƶĻ˭
˼õˮľͻȻʵ

ʧЦ
飬淽˭ˡ
籾ϣνͨʥʵģֻҪָ̽ʱ䣬Ǹõؼ̽ѪڳԶĴ㣬ǾͲǿǵˡ
ЩıʣԾʹͲľҹ˵Ҳѽ綨ھȻ̽жĶǺ㣬ɱͲľµĺᣬоԵӰ졣
һˣпҲ֣Ǿˣ֪Σʲôܿƶִ̽ĶԲߣ
εĻˮľЩͬ
Ѿˣ
Ҳ˵ǳΪ̽һ֣Ȼˣ־Ӱ̽ײִУĻΪ֮սͨȴ̴ӰСӴ֮еСȻģ
ܹ϶ǲģ᲻ˣֵϸһ¡
ҪΪеĻǱؾں̽糪ˮľҲЩԥ˵ףֻҪ̽粻̫⣬ˮľĽȸвûôǿ
ϾԼҲ׼ֵģʵڲУƵˡ
ЩҷһߣŬӦǲֹˮͲд۵̽ҩʦ䣬һҪҵ
ߵδĴֻһһˣؼԼ̽ĶλһҪ׼϶ֺá

Ҫ˵ܵĳǰʮ궼ûһʱܵ¼ࡣ
ԭΪԼֻĹ¶ԭĴĿӰĶݡ
Ǹ˧ҲԼĿи׵
û뵽ûãԼͼԼĸס
˵Ƣһ㣬һͷ췢͸ײˮһҫۣԶ͡
Ͱ̬ȣҲԼĿĸ׵ࡣ
˺;β治ɹòǿʱ˥ߣΪԼʧܵʱ׳֮ƾճ֣ԽսԽµľסǲǱᣬһӴòʹͣͣӴĹз
ٽβĲȡÿݡһĴһɹ״̬֮˲л;Υ˵ĸһ˼֮顣
ƵĲˮţоξǿƶˣȻ˸Ӿִ٣Ҳᵽȸĸĸо
ĸ׵ĻܱȸҪůöࡣ
ܹƽҲܷˣȻʱһʱ𣬽βӡڣܵܶ࣬ûбɷ׵ӣӵĽǲġ
ʵҪ˱ıԴ
ȻⲿҲҪأչȻλ˼⻹ǲġ
ѧУ֮һȺѣҵ֮˿Թµͬ飬ԾβĲûʲôΣ


919 
Ͳ֪Լˣʮ鲢ûиֻٰĽؿű˼ҵĺڸĸǰû뵽ԼҲôҸһ졣
֮ǰҲˡ
֪Ȼҳ֣˵ˮӦʧˣԭһģϧˡ
ţҪǵͺˡ
ҲйĻᣬʵ֮ѾľĲˮţѾûٴγֵĿˡ
Էӡ⿪ˮźоڰȫĲ֮ѾûˣֻҪ֣ľĽ֡
ҲൽʱˣˣúûȥҪˣ
ô죿
ЩᣬܹʹסβĽշѪߣĵҲоο϶֧Ų˶õġ
Ҳûа취飬Һ㸸ѾˡǸˣˣûܸһĵͯꡣ
ûϵкܶѺͬ飬ǰǶܹҡ
֪
ѾЩ黯оεĲЦ˵
ڵͷӡ֪ˣһЩ㸸׺ҵֱʣǹġģҲǣһԸëڣӡƶƿɳµľβ벻עѡ

ҪͰˣ˿ˡ
ģǹģͬʱҲ˵˶˲õ̬ȡ
ţŬеģҪսˣǿкܶ࣬Ѱβæ
Ҫս˰
о̾һ
Ҫ嶯ˣҪ㸸һѸӢۣ
Ѿ˵ĲˮΪӰΣоλϣԼĺܹúõػš
ģʽľβȻΣյսȻĿӰִ˺´˶ڣӦò˹¾ս
ʧоƺ˵ʲôźϵ﷢Ѿ˵ĶˣֻܴЩźǸ⣬ʧ̽硣
˻ûṻһоѾʧˡ
۾ζһٴ۾ʱǰԼ۲İβȵĴ

һ˼æˡ
ȵǺϾվ
ǳɹˣûбβ壬Ҳöһֽˡ
˶ȡβʧܣ˵ûһսʱԼ϶ܲڵȺľҶ˵ҲҪæ
ǧٿ׵ľ޹굺ܿҪش
˻һ˳ûгʲôõ⡣
ȻѾˣǾԼɣһ£õʱֲ

Ťͷһܣƺûжٿռ䣬ط̫С޷Լļޡ
ǳȥɣ
˵ĿβѾˣٴҲûʲôá
һĻҳȻȥ
һᣬԭЩ谵ĵ¹һתͿ졣
Ȼ̫գΪ＾ټ̫֮ʵϻ˸ܵ˿˿⡣
ʱ˿̣ѾȺʱĴҰӣؿСһ
ղŸоһɼΪӴаĲ;ʧˣǶҪȥˡ
Ǹǵˡ
˲˼ͷ
лл㣬СӣˣͿʦȥˣпʦΡСôҲ
ð۹۲һڵĲûзʲô״֮Ŵ
ʦнҪشӣԻˡ

Щʧոջǿ볬Խǰչʾһ£ȴڣҲãȸ֮һҲ
Ҿˣ
̽ſ˾βģʽΧ˵ͶӿԺȻܹģֱҵȷʵǳ͵ġ
βǴĶ⸴ֻ֮ʮβһ֣ͬʱҲ˲־
Ծôƺ̫óĲƶ˳Ľ
һˣâ̯ǰɫĲһβȾɽƵķݡ｣ѸٳͣĪǿͶԶĺ棬˾ȵΧУ޴һƬ˳ӿ

ս󷽳ĺ棬ǲڿ֮һģһĳĿ
ľһصǲȷʵ൱Ҫ
̽˺ܶĶսСӣбȽرһǴӣĿǰǱԶսֱв
ӣʱĿˮӰڤͳ졣


920 
ʵԽȴܶవɱֵ壬˵İɱٺòˡ
ֻͬУܸ˽ͬеһЩֶΣõ
һβǰδе̽ҲѪ
ĿˮӰڤԳͬõĴк֮㡪ʮҲڲࡣ
һɾǿٴһ㱣̽ȨƵĴ
ǲĽɫȻҲҪĻ֮һЩ׽ɫӰߵݣںͻ֮һģһ棬Ϯĵ˷ֲ嵽һĿꡣ
ΪʲôҪ飬û뵽ֻǳ䵱ڶѡ
˵ǻ֮ĴǿǼʮ̶һܹϵ
ֳߵȼίУںƽֱˮС
ڵĴսʼʱ򣬴òϮĿꡣ
Σճ̶ҲΣպȼȫƥ䡣
Ϊ˻˵ǲûʹñ²αװʹôͳĻױͱװַԼʹ
һĳۣͷϵĹڴڼ϶ͷ˼ģڽǰϸ۲죬ȷʵѷֱóˣǻ֮Ĵ
ڰͰĿĵǰڶǿֱҲȽϰģ̫ĵ˻˺Щˡ
˵ףսǻߣ׵ֻսǰĸĿ꣬ΪҪĶ
һ֮սֱӵϵֱӶԴ֡
泵йɵشʱСͷĿߺ߾䣬ԾͰöֻ࣬ǲһ˾顣
ʱĴһ·εĿˮӰڤǰ
˵С磬ҪҪͣϢһ᣿ĿĵػкԶٶȣ϶ǵˣһ¡
΢ЦˮӰǲԾüͷ
ˮӰˣ˵Ϊ˶Ŀڸ泵ݣǲӦڴǿȥԱãڳʮɡ
ȻЩģǲϣԼشʧܵ۵㡣
ʮǱ߲õģȻǰܸ㣬֪ܶ£Ҳǲɶõĸ֡
ڤΪػش
ô
̴ߣҲ˵̫̫࣬ƵҲãѾʵǴɡ
ңӵĶӳϻǰŮӣһжţ϶ҪڤָӣǰЭǲ
⣬űɫ۾ɫ泤ĿˮӰӦѾʮͷˣԼʦľͲ࣬˫۾ԼĹâЩᡣ
ƺǲĲӦڤ££ס۾Ķ¶ĵЦݡ
ԭΪľҪû뵽Ȼ㣬С磬ӣʵҲ˧ҲȽ⡭
ҪͨĳЩ֪ǲľ֮ϻڤҲæµʱʲô
ƺоڤĲ⣬ǲ䵭ջĿ⡣
бҪһˮӰ˵İš

˵һ룬оǲǧ̬֮ȣڤҲЦţ

ƺԼһȦŮˮӰЩԲǲһ
ˡ
ʵɣӦĿˮӰڤȴƣ
֪ʦǲ֪ԸڴҲԸ
޵ŮˮӰжôУͿֻҪᵽƵĻ⣬ڤһһɫ䣬Ϳɼһߡ
ӵд۵ǲȻһҪõö֪࣬ҲΧһСڤһһȫ
ڴźǿдսһǲֻܴĬĬȴȷʵһּ尾
óʱڣڰȹǲܹӦĻֵ⽣ӰȻ뿪Ѿһʱˣ߰ؾ֮ľˡҰӣǲҲһЩ񣬺ôҲЩϢ˿˾ͲɸڸˣǲͲһϲʵʵŵˡ
ھһʱǰ֮һɽˮģͣƺаӪկ˼
һ˶ʱ𣿡
һ뵽ҪЩͱ˵ؽӽڤǲЩͷۣûʲôȷʵ̫óӦ
һʱҲûйȫ֮ĲܣǾ޽еĵһˡ


921 Ϯ
Ϊʦľǰڷ絲꣬Լһʱϴ⣬ʵе㲻á
棬֮ŵѾʼŰٵ׼ģһЩҲЭ󲿷ֶΧ̽顣
ǲʱȻ棬泵ֹͣʼУȻְصȴڤ
ͻȻһǲһΣϮûȷӦһҵıըﴫ˹
ʵס˻̫ǿҵĳæµ˺Ͳ߾ûôˣ׷ױƷڵأ˲ˡ
Ϯ
˷˸Ĺ˽ƽϢıըгʵĶԼִĽŲԶһЩ֪ŵĲǻ֮ǲĻ׷׿£
еˣ
֪Ǹһǰ̾ùȻǵˣȻӦñ򵹵Ķ
ûڤ֮ǰĳȥɱʹǲҲֻðĳ嶯
߱¶ˣĴΣճ̶Ⱦͻἱ
ûеȵڤǰ֧ԮǲͻȻɫһ䣬׹ȶǧǹ䣬̴˽µľ壬û棬ֻһƵ죬оǲתǧǹиĴУǲԼ˵ˡ
ģݣ
ûĵˣֻЩϸ޷ȷؼǲ֪Ϯĵֶ٣жǿڲࡣ
ʵǲԼοʵĿˮӰڤһȺʵǿҲǰ衣
Ϯĵ˱ض̫࣬սʽԾ֮ǰ˿϶ᱩ¶̫ܣϮ϶ֻһɧţɹ˸ãɹҲԽܡ
İȫȻбϣؼǱԻ֮Ϊ׵Ĺǵİȫ̫࣬ʵǲý
ʱѾʹ¶˵ǲҲ˲αװˣ·Ȼײĳ˫ֽһ˦ǧǧ˸ĹâŸոո֪˵Ĳķλ˹ȥ
ǧǧ죬֤󲿷ֶĿ꣬Ѿд۵ǲ̬Ĳ׽۲ڼ׶ݴ̼µĳǿӦǲոսϵֱ̽ȡһ㡣
ĹؼҪʶƵ˵αװ
ԭΪ˿ֵûɵӦ׷ױ¶û֮һҲЩæң׾仯ȷʵǱ밵ɱ
һƬæҵУһӴĲͻȻۣһſµĻӭ˹ݲķΧֵ֮ܵĻǿԤ³
ݡͷ̿࣡
һƬĺˣҪڵϣһжճɻҽ
Σյʱ򣬻վģǲֵֿ
ˮݡˮ󣡡
Ŵڤ˫ֽӡӿ³˴ˮһƬ״ϣӭײϵĻ𺣡
ˮݶԻݵĿʱֵ쾡¡
ˮݡˮȼȻݡͷ̿ĵȼ̫ͣɢΪҪʵ̫ˡ
ˮݡˮȻס˻ݡͷ̿Χɱ˵Ļ
Ǿգ
֮פЩԶͰ׾ĺھƺûΪղŵʧ͸еʧ
˵Ǻǿߺܶ࣬ȷҪðգĲ֮ôɿɣ
ǶȻһ޶Եӡ
Ҫѡ
ȻƺƴʵҲֻһ̽ѡҰҶбҪĴûа취ȫʩΪֻҪԵĹ㲻ܽĿɱܣỹǺܴġ
һλˣ֮ҲˣĿˮӰڤǲǳϵǿУ
Щ⣿
ھŷ̵ǻ˵
ֻǻ˸ֲ࣬ǻӣô˵ִսһ𣬱Ļߣ
죬ɱ㣡
õ
ھһЦͬʱ˵
ҿѹˣȻҲû˻ģûһ¡
ҲģҪģ㻹ǵһԼɣòҪôң
֪һֻҪܹϵĵϣһͿܣˮľʶĽǶͽɱˡ
ȻЩ⣬ʵϣˮľֻҪ΢вľٶһϾԶԶ룬һ䵥
ңˮľҲûаսͲľҹ־ɱԼȫס
ղĻݣֻһBȴAҲˣĵ


922 
ˮľжϵ裬ýǶһ㣬ʵټ򵥲ˣΪóĻ
Ҫǲá֯ļһǻɣˮľýǶʹøӿµĴ㡣
ˮľжʵͽǶˮƽͲһġ
ǽǶʵдգҺв֮ԴȣԽ಻ĸֺ
ڡ֯棬סܵĽǶͷɶΣһԼصйǱԵҵġ
ڣˮľ־µĽǶӦ֮ԹҲԿˡ
ˮľǾտ֮£ͲԭǶֶѵܹᲢ۵ġ
Ȼһ֮鷳Ȼǿе׼ĿˮӰڤǲȻ鷳һ㣬Ҳߡ
˲ٳáϣ㲻Ӳ˵󻰣Ҫ鷳ҿɲһ㡣
ȻǶͺǿˣԹ¾ǽһԣûĲ֮ԱɱĴڣͨߵͲ޵ġ
ҲھʵϣĿˮӰڤǲȽǶҪǿʤôģ˶ڣʱҲһƣҲпֻһ۶ѡ
Լɣͷ¶βļһ
Ƕųĸ֣Ȼ󻺲ǰ
Ҳļһᱻץסš
ˣ
ھһЦ
ЩһҸɵ㣬֣˵սѡ
ԺھСģǶӦòԺھвŶԣʵô֣ھͷΣһҲˡ
ΪˣͽǶһǰĺھ˵Ĳ
ǱͲʲô֯Ҳʲôս֮飬òҪˡ
ǰô˵ҲеΪʲô֯
ӹȻˡ
ǶмתͷԶһȺĵˡ
ܶǰڵͽ˵ĽǶǱ֮Լ˵˵ֻۣŴڡ֯ġ
ֻǺüȥҲʲô£ƹ֯ǮȷʵǽǶȤ顣
ڣһлˡ
ҪˮľʹûȡԭǶ־ôϼһ᲻ǲμӵĴ̽ս˵׼
ջս׷Сϵټһ֯ĲܸýǶġ
ȻôģҾͿˣΪ֮ɣ
ھ˵꣬³ȻʧʹԾˮľľ񼫶ǿĸ֪Ҳûҵھټ
ȻԴȵļһӦòǼ򵥵ݣݣʵ̫鷳ˡ
һԼ¶ţĻܽȫ
ڵµĶ˵ʵڵģˮľҲȫԭʲôãҲûҵʲôͷ
ҲֻʮβĶ˲£ôʹЩ
˵ЩҲûʲôˣˮľо漰ϵѾܶˣѾ㹻Ļʹ䷽ʽԼߵ̽յˣҪٿһ·
ȻѾˣȻûа;ϵĵȻ˳ϵǿƣˮľҲû˱ܣȻҪɱ
ݻҪȥǲҪһġ
ңһҲǸûᣬ̽һĿˮӰڤǲǲͲдۡ
սڼ˵нҪ̽˵ĹؼﵽжǿҲˮľҪĵġ
ΪԼжɵĺЧӦҪһ˲鷳ˡ
εӰ֮һΪ֣һͲдۣȻǱ壬Ҳ๻˰ɣ
οǣǶŲжĻٴοǿʱ򣬱еҪ򵥲١
ΪʩչҪ͵ö࣬ʺˮľҪԾΪģʽ
ݡͷ̿࣡
ݡѹ
ԭBĳ̶ȣˮľĲʱ仯ļӳ֮£ȻûеSĳ̶ȣĵǿֹѪ޽磬ں
ʱ仯Ҳ˵Զ롣
ƣǿԶԶĵӡ
ڷĹЮ£ԭӵĻ𺣣ʮĻŻûɢˮݡˮڳ˹ȥ
ˮܹƻݣɲô򵥾ֵܹġ
ԭǶܲʹˮľ֪ʹжʱǱȲˮľġ
Ĺں󷽵Ļ֮һɫ䣬һĿ¾ʵЩܲס
ߣһҲһܹʶٳ߼οЩûͨˡ
ڽǰŻ֮ڤҲɫ䡣
ˮݡˮ
ǰķˮݻûгڶ޴ˮֿʼͣһˮڤĿ³۳ʮˮĻײȥ
Ȼ߼ˮݵˮBˮݡˮ֮ȫͬն
ȰѳĲעˮУٰˮΪ̬֣Ȼԭֻļ仰еÿһֶûԣܹסǲߣܽͬܺ˴ɵĳǿˮݣʲôһ͵ȼˮݡ
ˣƾˡ
ˮԲĹݣķӳʱܹƷӳսϣˮݵͼʱݺͻҪõöࡣ
ʮˮˮȻײ˺ХĻ
ΪѪ޽硪ƶݣȻݺͻݵһ𣬵еĻ棬Ǻܿͱˮ
ô򵥣棡
ǶЦž䡣
ȻˮҶԳ˻֮ķǿ㱩¶š
ķƽˮп˳СˮЩˮݣͻĸײٵرֱֲ
޴ĺſֲĳ˷ӣ׵ˮݡˮڣڽסǿĹ֮ڼֲסɢˡ
ֻĳ̶ô
ǶЩʧȻǿȷʵ˾ȣֻĳ̶ȣûа취սʤǲߵġ
ȻνӰսǲߵĻ壬Ȼûжʤ㡣
ǽǶСĿˮӰڤʵˮľеʮβʵ̫ǿˡ
ӰΪѣȵսʱǾûˣ֮ս˳ʱæ
ֵҽսþ޴󣬵ĻĴBOSSӵв֮ļһʵǿ󣬻һоҪи˾Ļ᣿
ʱ治֮ʹЧ
ˮľҲĿӰҰľѪ̭ݡԭ֮ЩôӰǴЭȽϺá
ڸпĽǶԼʩչһٻĿˮӰڤˮݷǿ֮ĩ³ɣ֮󣬽Ƕʩչ϶Ҳֻʣһɿ磬֮һöѡ
û˻ݵĸºͷݵ˺С˲١
Ƕٴ̽һĿˮӰڤǲʵʱĸǿѾȲչ˷
жݡ֮
䲻ݷ֮䣬ĴĿ罥ͣЪڤĿУ³һŷڵŵ˹ķ
׼һУûֵĽǶĸۿҪˡ
ÿٶȣʴԵɢٶô𣿡
ЩΪ̴ӰҲһǴ
ôҲѪ޽磬ֱܹӸʴܺǿҲ̫дˮݡˮ
ָµĸʴȷʵЩͷۣһݷķҲǺܺãˮЧá
ķ˴ˮԲ³˴ˮγһˮǶĸﶼпյˮ档
ǿҸʴԵӵˮ֮ԭһѸٵճһ𣬸½ȥʴԵҲ޷䵽Ƕϡ
ȻڤֻҪӴжݡ֮ҲܽǶһ±롢ֺõɵ£ڤǲģǶɲԴе
ˮݵĹôΣֱӻƵ̫ˣѪ޽硪жݣȻûиıĲ㣬ҪǷݻ׶ݣֱӱˡ
жиƣǿȷʵˮݵس
ǻһ°ɡףá
ոոܵĪµвĽǶûӦһѸݵĹâ͸˿ʵ൱ԵˮΣ˽Ƕұۣ޴ƻֱӽֱ۸ϡ
֮ʸʹܺѾôˣ
ǶſտҲұЩţոо֮ܺʸͲһ㽫Լɱ
һ¿ɲǲܺʹ֮ʸƫˡ
ˮ۹һ棬ؼˮľʹõķˮݡˮǾֹͬһڿ֮ת֮ʸˮʱֺܵѹ۲ĸţž˽Ƕһ


923 ʽ
ͻȻıʣȻýǶһҲøеЩƵ
ãһ̫ͣز̫ãȻôǿҾͲˡ
Ե׾ͬ¶ܱ¶ݵʱôճִַ磿
һŴѧʡ
ʱ򣬽ǶǾһֵˡ
ԭЩŵĽǶѾʼĥŴһˡ
ǿĶ֣Ҳܾûˡ
ʱûֵܹĵˣ˿ɲá
֪һΧǶȻûзֺھɵĲ֮أֻʣ¼˶Ŀİ׾ڡ
ˣ˺õĻᣬ̽һ£ʵ̫ϧˣʵʹ˱ϣ߱Ҳνˡ
ݡȴ
ӻԲ³ĲBݡͷ̿࣬ǻֵA
ˮľĲһ£һųĻһǽһŲɵƣ֮ѹȥһ·֮ȫΪ
ˣ
ĿˮӰڤոʹ߼̶ֳȵǿߣϾҲ已̥ҲҪ΢һ
֮ļ޵ͳĲڽǶʮֳڵۺ֮ϣܷӳµɱοǸǿˮľ־ٿء
ʱܹӳֲԶ̨ܣԶԸ˵ЧֶΣҲԭǶûȫӳˮľȴܹӳеǱ
ΣͷǲҲ˲ٴγͼ֮ʸˣеɫһ޴ĶƵڽǶʹõĻǰ棬ӭײ˺ȴܺĹһ任״һѾб
Ͳд۵Ƿ
ڤĽؿһȫֿ˹ǲȻʾһԵĳʮŻͻϮһͨĵ޼ɵعߵĿôֻزᱻ˹Ʒ
Ѿĳ̶ȡ
ǲʹ̶ܺѾ˵Ƿ켫ĵزʣˣǽ룬޶ȵطܺףԼںϴ߻سˣҪǲصѾﲻʲôæˡ
ǰδеĵ·ֻԼ̽ȥ
Ȼһֻ֣ԽǶ˵ʵڲʲô£νĲֻ֮ǳ֮⣬㡣
ǶڵѪܴ֣쳤˵ֱ۾˻Թתֱ۸λڵѪܴһֱۺɷϡ
Ƭ֮󣬸еѾ˵ĽǶһֱۣսٴλָ
ݡ
ʹ÷սԵУ̽ˮľóûˡ
ȻǷսģʽҲ˶١
ݡʮתķУ͸ܺĶƣֵȴЩķֱӻ
ʣ౻ɢķݺͻٴιЮһصײǲʩչܺ档
ֻһҵı֮䣬ڱߡ
ܺķȷʵǿ󣬲Ƕķݺͻݵನȫ棬ҵ˺Ĵӵĳû˺ǲܺˡ
е˼͵ֵˣʵ̫ˡ
Ƕ˫ֽӡȻ˫ְס档
ݡתơ
ŽǶע룬µؿʼһƣŻ֮ķӣȽ֮򸲸ǵʱ򣬵濪ʼѡ飬ԭǲ֮ܺµҲòʼԾȣΧĵ뻬顣
ԭβƵķȻ¶һ˿
ʱҪӴĽǶͻȻͣϵȻһԾ⡣
ǳʮɣȻó˫ߣȻǱкͰɱϵ趼Сӡ
ϾǶ岢ˮľıôǿУҲǺΪѵġ
һͻĳʮȻҲԹΪ̵֮һصǱǿֻҪ㹻˲ķΧɱǺܾ˵ġ
ţ
ʱ佫ȫע˫һòʼ˸Ĺâγһ޴˸޷ľ˴󿳵һС
ʹȫתŵвϱ˽Ƕĸ
ȻƾˣʵҲֻһʱĹֻҪһйˣͲľ޴ĳʮɣ׶༪ˡ
ʵͲǶʹƴһУ³Ͳôã
սõòˡ
ֻһˣƾǸǶͷ滹вٰ֣ǳʮɸһͻҵĵ
ΪԹ˲ϾȻֹͣ˵ĽǶ޷ĿˮӰڤǲ鷳òٱЩͨ˺ͻ֮ЩֳܹǶյȨߡ
ʮɵĹ಻ϮǶضܣÿ˵Ĺûвá
ʵĺ蹵ǺܴģҲδĿˮӰĳʮܹǶ࿹ʵڻ̫һ㡣
ˮݡˮĻϣ
׶ݡα
ˮڽǶ֮£ڳʼʹͱ˵ĳʮɱˡ
ˮݡˮĻȻһ㣬ˮγɵĻ״ɢγɵıϣʮ־ˣټ׶ݡαļӳ֣˳Ĵӣòؽĵ˻˵ֶΡ
ʮɵս黹ǲһ㣬˵ԽǶ͵ߣǵһͲ֪ȷӦԷʽˮݡˮĻϣȴĴ˸ĵУ׶˺Ͳټͷ۵ԭģ˲ʧȥ˸ղŵ
ʮܹȡôʱ䣬Ѿ㹻ˡ
˽ǶĹͣǲܺٴη
֮ʸ鷳
ǿ̺Զٶȿþ˵Զֻ̹ȫעעܹ΢Ԥһ¼ʸĹ򣬻ҪķӦܹܡ
ں͵սʱԱôһλ󣬸˵ѹʵ̫ˡ
Ȼʹ֮ʸҲ򵥣ҲǺܴģѾﵽͲд۵ǲһʱ϶ܹȥ
֮Ʊô
ܺսˮľľ鲢ǺܷḻҪͲдʵ̫ϡˣǶԸβޣܶóһ㡣
˵Щ鷳ԽǶڵսʽɲô򵥾ܹƵ˵ġ
ôԸͲдۺܺʱûʲô̫õİ취ڲһһĵԲĵط̫ˣңԸдҲһЩľ飬ͲдҲһ֮ʸʮ̬Ӿ뷴Ӧ
ˮݡ֮
ȻԿϴھԵ·磬Ǿͽ˶ϹӺˡ
ٽǶһĬıĸȻ֪ǽǶĳˮľ־ݵľļӳ֮£ҲڳҪõö࣬Ͼˮľǿһ·Σղߵ̶ȵġ
ɽˮĵطڣʱ֮ʹãŵ
ŨĲϢӣ𽥽˵߶ڱΣ۾ĻܵͷԼ˫ˡ
ܼ£ٺõѪ޽Ͳд۵ͫҲǰ״
жÿһֶõģֻǽǶ÷̫ƫ򹥻ͷˣ˾ʮ꣬ôõжóӣֱ̫ˡ
ĿӰԳնоȫģʿԽǶʿˣ˶ʿѧʿаɣأŻǹջã˲֮֮󣬹Ȼ̫ˣĸû᱾ĩؽԹݵ
Ǹֻбյȷĵ·ǶֻһʧĿˡ
˫ִ̹֮ǵΣʧˣ޷׼֮ʸҲʧȥá
ǶʱߣôҪֻҪ֪µķλ㷢һ߼ȥ˶òֵЧƽǶĹĻȴ޷ӳֻɽǶݵ̨
ڸô죿
²Ϊڼ徫ͨɱߵ£ʮɾƣ֮ʱɿ˻
ĿˮӰڤȴЩһĪչ
û뵽Ȼᱻʹóɱ֮ԣе֣ǸǽǶ鱨ʾ˵սӦòӵİɣ
һҲЩεǲܺɺдۿܵŨȴһ
߲һɲģǿսԽ࣬ʵԽ졣
ڤͷҲֻ͵ͨˡ
Ѿ˺üʮļһȻǱǴսʱĿӰǧǲߵͳλܻϼһ
Ƕ͵Թݵ鱨ѾʲôˣȻϸڻܹʲôôͨˮľѾ˽˲١
ǰ취ȥɵǶҡ


924 
˵ŵǧǧ˦Ũмҽд
˲ֹһǶˮӰˣСӦԣ
Ҳá
ڤͷ
ע⣬һпܻ׽ҪɱˣܣҪ׷ᣬҪ
̽˼ɵǿԽԽˣ˵̽սЩǿߣҲֻӰսһսһǻ롣
׳٣̴Ӱ׳ԣڣ֮Ĳ࣬ƺԽԽˡ
Χ˻δȫƽϢ֮£ϸСƯڿУ߱˵۾ʱɳӣûоѵĻУ۾ѡ
ѶʹԲ̼壬ٶȺͷӦǲٶȳżнǶķȥ
ڤԸ¼ǿ֮󣬿ǲʧķ̾һ
СӣҪȻϧһ˧
ȻоõǲǿȻܹȡľִб֮ôʵȻǾĿӰֵϿɣľҶ߲ǲĸ߼û飬˵ǲֹǳúÿһ㣬һİҲûеȵȻۺʵΪ
пܵĻڤϣԼȥǶãܿϧԼ򣬷ƾ辫ƣߵĳʮɺһﰵߣûа취ҵľ±ס֮ġ
ڵƺûгʤ׷˼ʱ¶ķ©˼׾˻֮⣬ǿĽǶûмʱЩ
⵱ȻԼӦԼʱʱֲԼӦԵõҲнǶա
ϾֻһȺ̣Ȼں֮ڣҪߴһйǲܵģΪʲôĿͷ­ѪǷǸӲܵ顣
񣬻鷳
һǿʤ̣󲿷ֶɱ¾֣óԸľǱںػ֮ߣû뵽ڽɫЩӦ

Ƕĸֳɢͬʱſ֪ΧŨеĲϢҲǲԤȻ̫ҵĲܹطӦġ
ԣǲһʱ俪ʼʱˮľ̾Ͳˡ
ٶȣǲȲҡ
Ȼʵռƣûô
ݡѹ
ҵĲӷֿ³γɱ֮ڣ鱻ѹĿγɳ磬Ƕ֪ǲϮķȥ
޴ķѹΧŨʱɢ˲٣¶˸ŵǲʵӰȻǲĽǰ
ǿ󣬹Ҳʮ־˵ķݴΧըѣû̫ܵĿռ䣬ǲ֣Ҳڼٶ֮䣬ݡѹನɨ
ѪλεĲSǰҪλࡢֱۣиѪ
ˣҲһѪӡ
ʵ˺ü߼Ϣģȥɲǰ취
ǲȻг㣬ʵΣȴЩǣƵܺʱӲ֮ķΧ̫ˣ̫ܻսѣ˾ûĹ˼ˡ
ԾԼ·磬ҪڵóսĿˮӰڤӿס
Ҫ˫ǧͻ̣Ҫ룡
ŵǲɵüӿ˽µĲǶǣű߿ɲʲô£
ݡȪӣ
ԭ¾Ϊ߲Щ鸡ͻķҲֻƾģĸоѣһ죬¾һƬճ˵档
֮£нȸеǲҲֻͣͼݡȪӵ
Ҳ㿴ֻһҿԵһֻţ
һ˳ɾԲ˵˵ѣǿ߾Ĵڡ
ݡ콵
ǶԭͲݺͨЧҲֻˮľİ£ʹó
ֻסǲݡȪϷͻȻֳʱռ䲨һڵĶƾճ֡Ȼһճǲû
ݡȴ
ˮľץβϵսһڽǶֻ֣һеıǲ
·ûϵþУ
ڼµĸ֮£ѸٿʼӲᾧ¸Զܹܵ߼ѹȸС
ҪͶȡɻʤ㻹İɣ
ǲȻ󷢻׶ݵƣԳǿķӦ޼᲻ݵ˫˵ʤɲô׵顣
ǲԽǶ̫ܲϤ˽ĳ̶Ƚڻϸ鱨ˣǶǲ֪֪ףóʲôóʲôӣ֪һ
ΣĹͷһֻ޴ȭͷͻȻɫʿ˽ǶݹAȴ˺Ҳֻͣڱ棬ûжԹѵ̫ܺ˺
еˣ׼ô
ܹܺȫӳʵԾǶ϶ѹԵƣǣ֮ûбոΪǶʱЩɢֿʼŨ
ЩҪȼߣֻҪںʵʱ򣬱ʲôSνĽá
ǲǲĸֱ֪սܣܹһСǶ˵Ťͷܡ
ͬǲģʵĲ˲١
ΨһǲƵģܾвİ֡
ӱĳγܺҲֻŰããһƬꡣ
ʱһƬŽǶķ˹
۶ݣ۹֮
ǸڤֽΧˡ
¶ȳңʴԼǿ۶ݣǶ϶İˮľóһѪ޽ĸ֡
ڤ͵ϮȻͻȻ׻нǶҲѡ
Ȼ䲻ݷض۶ݵĽǶҲûôɣ۶ݲֱֻӵĹĸ¸ȣԼԵεƻ鷳ġ
ڣǶû½ŵĵطǷɽӵңһմȾҲǲС鷳ǶֻôĸﾡڤĹΧ
ʱ򣬽ǰǲǸܵĽǶĶ̤ܺǰ޴Ŀг仯һ޴ƣɨʵˮС
ܺ˽ǶŶݵĵͿշй㿪ˣеȵĽǶ屻ĸţ޴ֱӻɡ
ʱ̣Ƕ岻ݡìǿķһʹ˲ܣڱ׷֮ת˸Ȼ󷭹أڵϡ
ǿ˫ֱˣҽҲеˡ
޷رУܾǷǵ³ˣȫǲߵֱܹܺƽһɽͷԣǶڵǲЩмܲס
òõնֻöƶۻҪͨܣͽϹۣˣԹݴĲ֮ṩ˼İǲʹöԸͨߵĹʽԽǶ˺͵ġ
ҲýǶһ
ûȫӳҲһǿ޵ˡ
ܺͨ˵һմһĿȻ̫ǿˡ
սһ;ǿȣɺ;Ҳռ˺ܴıأڵĽǶԭǶӾԵҲǿ̫࣬սȫͬն
е鷳˰
СٴζŨ֮УǶϸ֪Ž䱸ǲܺѰŵ˵ķλ
ʿһľˣʵûʲôԻƵģ˶ıȽϴ֮⣬ҲûʲôԵˣһ壬̬䣬ӵиϡŹֵͫ
ҪΧѾ̫࣬˵ĻǶΪǲͿգΧճɻҽˡ
оսʱ򣬲¹ִװʦһȻǲУҲ̫ˡ
ѾﵽͲдۣѾûͫĹʧߵķգҶѹҲС٣ָǲľǺˣǶԼ϶һվȽŸĿˮӰڤΧɱ
Ͼһ˵һȺʱ䲢ռԼһߡ
һûˣAҲ𲻵һЧ
ǸܹܲܺҲ˵
ǲܺΪ⣬ʼֻܹΪ֮ʸ󵶡ǶƣֻҪƵɱ任͸ǲսṩ˺ܶܣһ壬Զս飬Եصս
ԸֳҲֻͬȼʵܶԿֻ֮ǱȽܿҪʤҪӲʵ
ڽǶԥʱһɢ䣬ֻһä򣬾ȻƯڿеķ֡
ûȽǶջܴķ֣ŷ֮ʸ䴩˷࣬һʹ˱ˡ


925 
Ǻ˵ļһ
Ƕаգ˷ôĿռ䣬ֻ̽һĹǡһЩΡ
˭Ҳ˭˸֪֮̽⣬һжҪֱжϡ
ǶȻȨڤǲܺƻʵ̫ǿˣֻҪ¶߱ͻᱻһɱ
ԣֻǶ֮ˡ
ƫƫǹǿķԡ
ҪжһаܹпܺҲͷôһ˿ϣˡ
ǲó׶ݣ̫ߡ
ݸϣãӵмӾǲSµĻ˵
ݺˮʺսΧɱ˺ͿسǶѾˣûӲɱҲ޼¡
Ҳãûʲô˼ˣеɣ
Ƕﱩ¶ĳεģ֪ȵĴսʱ򣬱ˮľٴʹõĻ϶˷飬
˲ôˣ
ҪõģûгֹܻܿһֲҲгʧĿܡ
ûԹɱﵣ̫ðˡ
ĽǶóһᣬڵ̯Ȼ˫ֽӡ⿪ķġ
ͱӡתдӡԭӡʼãһɫĹ԰ס˽Ƕ壬ͬʱԭΧ߮ĻֳɫγɵĴ룬ع鱾֮ͽǶ࣬ɫĴ棬ı仯
ңֻ˵˵ѣֻƬ̣ҽܡ
ˮľǶɱﵵģǼ׵Ͳдеͫӡ
Ȼֻɼ׵Ļʹϴ־Ųؽ漣϶ԶԶģʱҲ󣬵Ҳ㹻ˡ
ʣµˮֺʩչڻжǣס˵ע
ˮݡˮĻϣ
׶ݡα
ѹˮγһƬɢĵĻǽ˵ķȥм׶ݵĵ绡ͬʱˮֲֺϱ任λڸס岻͵ơ
ҲǳڻսڣΪ׵ͲдͫɹĿȴ
ǲڤעʱɫ벻ϹĶӴĲѹȸԽԽ󣬲һᣬɢ˸ųɫâĽǶٴγ֡
۶ݣɹˣ
ˮľĻݵĲʱ仯⣬Ҳʹ۶ݵķḻ飬ĿǰǶʵ۶ݲǲܣϣǺܴѪ޽粢ǲʱ仯⣬ҪʱòǱĬĸı䡣
ϸߣʾˣҪʱĻۡ
ΪʱıͲд۵ӣСĿܣʱҲᱻްθߡ
ֳɵĶԸܺѪ޽磬ڤ۶ݡܹ֮ԣҵ۶ȻҲڻ¡
㼶ϱѹƣȻҪѰİ취жȡʤĿԲֻܼϣѪ޽ˡ
ȵҡѾ۶ݲģʽĽǶ׷ˮֵֺǲݵܺ
ڣˡ
¶ѸߣеŨŵˮǶ֮󶼷ýǶһ˻״
òƵĹܿͱ˻ֵĹ
һеĺŰɣٻ𣡡
ŽǶĻ£ԭͲ߱仯ǲڤɫһ䡣
ʲô
˸޻ĺɫ˰εضΧŨȵϢɢͶ֮Ƚܼ֯һƬС
ԶԶɽۣĺھѾˣΪǶһڽӣû뵽ͷȴµľ
˾ȣϼһﻹ
ΪͲľҹ־ھܸоԶǸɫ͸¶һ˿Ϣ
˵ƵĽǶǲľȣſҾ˴̤ǰԶ͵ٶȣһץסܺ˫ֱۡ
ɫҾ˫ܺڵأϵĺ֮ȵҽɫܺϣ᲻ɴݵܺˮһϵܽ⡣
ҿڵʵǲʸҸıѡеĻͺమɱİϷɣ
¹ȫ̽ݲ°ΪˮľĴԽЧӦѾԭļ伫ɿĳ̶ˣһЩԭŲɵ飬Ҫȷһ²С

ľҶ壬Ӱİ칫һطæڣ˸ﲻļ˼ֻ֣æ
ôͷ۵飬ǸոյĽ鱨
ܵϮѾȷϳֵĵǽǶͰ׾Ƿ鱨ʱս˳
ս˳
ֵ¹üͷ
Ԯ
ҡҡͷ
ˮӰڤǡ֯ˣȻҪȥԮƺûôΣգ
ϾˮӰˡ
ľţģȴǲжһ뵽ʵӦûʲôŶԣοôǿԮǹ¾ս˵ֵĿԲ
ͬĹйˮľһԲ֪ʲô
ˮľڷһԵԳɰ˹ø첲ͱͱˮľֱۡ
˵ˣ
ͨϵ۲սˮļ̌ͷΧɫŹֵؿԼЩεЦš
Ǹ̫æˣûϢã
ˮľ̶ֳȵߣΪûϢþҪĻ񣬼ֱǺ˵˵ʮ²Բȣܹȵر㹻ս
ʱҲüƽЩС¡
ĿˮӰڣӦòʲô⣬ʦڵȥԮûбҪܲŲʣϾǻ֪֮˾Ҫʾ
һСͻƺЩֹˣˮľҲЩ
˵ֻҪħֻ۲֣ȷʵû̫СıҪ
ǣôҲ̽սǰս˰ɣȻʤܴҪ֪бͻȻϮǲִӭս
ˮľҲ÷ҺȨԼҲȷʵûô⡣
ԭе鱨ʾԽǶ;ʵȷʵԺĿˮӰڤĴ󲿶ӡ
˹꣬ѧȥһ˰ɣ
̽ԱѾӽβڴģҲ͵ʮˣԳɰ˹ǰػ̵ݣʹ򽻵ںʲˡ

Ȼǽ鱨۵ĽƺûôأֵĴҲûʲôرģڻ֮󣬸ֻǰˮľ
ķӡ磿
ˮľüͷû뵽ֻ׼Լ顣
˹ָܲ˵ǰսˣҲûðɣ
ս˫϶ܽ󲿷־ǿڴ󷽡
ʵָϵͳҪôܵķӡͽ֧ţؼϴ´Ҫ˳̫յķϵͳô㡣
οսʱָӲ̴Ӱս֮ǰǲὫΪġ
ȵ̴Ӱ뿪ʱ򣬱ȻǲѾʮβˡ
ǸʱĴҷɵʮββڣǿķҲֽһûʲôЧ
Ҫ˳ָϵͳΪɽкһǰܸó
νԶ봫ľʱͨ͸̾ߴﵽսӣרҵȽϺá
֪
ְڰ֡
Ҫ˵顣Ϊǽһʮ˵Ĵս̽ǰûгֹԣǾڱתվٽؼͶŵʵս
ร
ˮľȻȻΪ̾ƣֳΧս鶼࣬鱨ԴƻǷǳ׵ġ
֮ҪҼ򣿡
ֵͷ
࣬ʵϣ֪ͲͬҲǿһ£̫ˣȽʺϡ
˵ˣҪˮľڱҪ֮佨䲿ӡ
˵߶ͣʵЩ鷳
ִˣԱͨʱռݵĻǲǺҲۣľ൱ˣ
ΪսЩƣҪսˮľĲʵЩòʧ
ϢˮľܵѷţٸԣҲôܼҵģˮľԭԤûôһġ
ףҪֻڹؼʱ̣̾ӢӰ͵ҪĵطҪ̫Ƶʹʱռ
Ȼô˵ˮľһʱҲҲܾɣԥһ֮ǵͷ
Ӱת̴壬ʱռǾȼõģǳֶΣΪҪսĲο

ֻҪˮľͬͺá
⣬ţ
˵ŵĸֵݹһᡣ
ʱռֿ⣿
ˮľõһ֪ʲô
кܶҩ裬Ͳǲѡ񡣡
Ҿˡ
㲻ǰ׸ɻҪܣ֪ιѸɲݣҲǲĽˡ
ȸĴתƵȫĵطֺˮľصҲҪսˡ


926 ɵ
ͻȻܺڵصҾˣǲĸ߰Ҳɵóһ
Ϊսֵıʣ۶ݵͻȻ֣ҲЩֲ
ܺǿ󣬵Ҳ޼᲻ݡ
ΪѪ޽۶ܹ˺ܺҲǺ⣬ǡ
̬òЩϤ
ͬѪ޽磬ڱҲȫһ
ͱغͳĿӰǧľݣȫһ¡
ֲʱ仯ںγɵѪ޽磬ͬʹãЧǧ
̨֮ȻҲ۶ݣе۶ݡӱں۶ݡûκθ¸ȵļ󣬷Ǽ͵һĻװ
֮ĿӰŮҲʹ۶ݣе۶ݡʯ֮ҪͷЧˮ࣬Ȼᣬסж
ߺĿˮӰڤˮľʹõ۶ݶྶͥ
ڤˮľ۶ݵе񣬵ڤ۶ݸʴˮľڸ¸ȡ
Щ𣬺Ϊÿ˶ԻԲʱ仯Բʱ仯ϵƫˣںγѪ޽硪۶ֲ֮ͼеֳˡ
ǲǰĽǶʹõ۶ս̬ˮľʹ۶̫ˡ
Ȼˮľûбֳ۶ݲģʽµľ޴ˮľʹ۶ݡǧʱ򣬿ɲֻһ˼
ɺ𣿡
һ˿ɻ󻮹ͷʵվǲ˼ѹĵףʱǿвҪġ
ֻڽʱ򣬲ܹᵽµĸµжôֲҪܺܶҪˡ
ɫܺȻֲ˶á
취ĻܺһǲԼı彫ڸҽ˿֮»Ϊɻҡ
ţƤһܺϵҾˣǲͨ任̬һиȫܺάַһжˡ
ΣĹͷʶǲΣĿˮӰڤˡ
ˮݡˮ
Ȼ֪˲ķλ߲ѣ޷׼ȷжƵڤɴʹǿˮݣʮǿˮ޲Ƕǲ

Ƕͷһ𣬰á
ٻҾˣȻܹܺҲǳ䲻Ľټ۶ݶܺȷʵЧǲʧȥȻ
۶ݵķǱȲܺģҲͲдȫ档
ǽǶ۶ݻкͻһ㣬ǾǱˮݵĿƱȽء
˵ԵԴһˮľݵĽǶûʵ
ʮˮصײɫܺҾȫɡ
µĸºͳµˮײԳٶˮ˲γɵıը󵽾ˡ
ǿײĳһһΧһɨգԶĻ֮ڵӪأҲ
ײγɵڰѸγһƬڵƣˮ֮Ѹᣬǿ֮£һĵ绡ʼڷӿ֮˸
Ǿգ
ǲĨһѶͷ亹ղȻ벻취мķգͺñպףôľ룬òмӾ˵
ڤˮݻɣȻˤڵϵܺѸվΧ߱ȸղˣֻƬ֮ǰڵҾˣʱĺ֮𶼰࣬ҲΪȻȴγɵƣڵ·ԣȻάս̬ǺԣڤղһȷʵýǶܡ
û꣬޴ļһǲ֮ҲҪ
ܺӭ濳ĳǶ˫ֽǰֻһƵ˺˸һֱ۱ؿ
Ƭ̵Ļ壬ǶҾٴǰͼٴνܺ뻳ﰴ
ʼʩ桭
һǵһǣǲ츳Ҫص޵Ŀ̫Сˡ
ܺͻȻðһ׹⣬׶ݼӳֵٶȺƷˡ
ͬʱֵȻڵĻ棬ɢС磬ͲдеͫӾγɵ׶ݣպת۾͸Ҿȫ
ľת۾ͱ˺ɫĻѡ
ƺϵһеĽǶȥƲǲȵУһµһмֿɫ֮£һСһȦ֫ȫĳɫҾԸٶȣٴγ嵽ǲǰ
վȻӦԷǲҲһԭΪ޼᲻ݣ֮ɵͲд۵ͫԭ㡣
˭棬֪˰ɣ
ֻҪûбȼͨ߿ͨŻ׻߱˵ֱͿԸա
ǶǲǿĲֱѹյĵزҾ˵һǣԸӾСһҾˣǲʩѹ治̫ѵ顣
ǿ򲻵ˣҲǰ״
ԭļһԵһΣǲҲЩգֵպٴλ޽Ҿ˾ͺն
ϧͨǿڼ͵ǰͲ
նûаЧֱҾ˵ۣûദλòͣ¡
ǲɲʲôôֻǲģʽĻҾˣû㣬ɱǶı壬۶ôصƻֻҪǶţ㹻Ѹٲ䡣
ǣȻҾ˵βˡ
Ƭ̵ͣͣǲΣ֮С
һֻɫֱۣ޴ǯһסܺĺÿ죬Ƕķɴཫܺ
ӮˣǵǱ߲ƺΪˡ
˺ü߼ڤҲҪһֻǲٴαץ
˶ô
ƴڤǲһȽǶʵпᣬҪ͹˵̺ǲͶ޷ӳȫ󲿷ֲ˷ڱѾˡ
ǱȽҪĵĲҲҪöࡣ
ǲɲҪʧ
ֻǡ֯һǰսͽߴôܿ䣬Ҳ̫ʿˡ
֮ǰӲûԮڿʧˣܹһһսҵǿߣȻвΪ֪ĵơ
ңսһ߸岻֣ôԶܵĸ£ͨ˿ܸûӽսҪˡ
ڤԼܹΪս֮⣬Ҳֳ˫ĳʮв֮ߵҲ߲
ǿߴﵽһ̶֮һ̶ϾͿвˡ
ûǸżվȽŸ˵ṩˡ
ٴαƵǲʶԼû㹻İܹʹȫĻҪˡ
ǾɣȻȫƿغ⣬Ҳʱһˡ
ɫܺǲתԭֻ𵽸õ׹ԽԽܼɫҲڡ
ʲô
Ƕɲؿļµĺɫ׵ӣһҾˣһƬʧȥơ
ԭʵҾˣĺ֮Ҳʼð
ݣе񡭡ǲԣǸӹĶ
ӴѾһʱˮľ䲢İȻЧЩƣԭȴͬ
ǿƲǲֱԣӦŲ־
û˿ƣκ־ĲȻĿĵ֮ɢҲ֮С
Ѿ͵һ˿һСǽСˣʧȥ˶СȻͣǲֱɱ˼ʻСˡ
̱һĽһģԭȴȫһ
пãֻһִΪպ۶ݡٻҪά־ƵĻԽǶűֵ˲
ͨжǻݡ֮ǲ׶ݶôõĿЧ
ô˵ܺߺھܵѹƸ󣬶Ըβ޵ЧҲȻԸѹ׵ı֮ǿвһףľִֱΪ˸ĹŹ׶µһ
ȥĻԽ֮ΪϷ˯磬ǱʣǾԵĻǱƵġ

ԭң
ľҶ徯ڱĿˮľͻȻ۾ţҲΧһֵı顣
ڵ׶ӵɫҾϵʱˮľѾ֪군ˡ
ǲܺӱγ˸׵꣬¾ͽҾ֫⣬ȻǶı塣
ˮľѾһֳܺͬʱϵȻ׵磬һ׶ݡ룬ΪƷǲ
Ƭ̵Ļᣬˮٶս
Ѿ̽ɵز˰
ˮľԾҡͷ̾һ


927 
ԵУˮľˡ
˵ҩʦӵеͲд۵ֻͫǿʼĻǲӵеļµֱǶˮľεط
ǲˮľʱֵ֪ܾܿǰֲǲͲд۵ͫҲǲɾͲд۵ʱ̸۵ǲ۵Ͳд۱ѹƶûоѵĶ
ǲʵܹһȻãҲɵòɣ
ܺǲеļŹݻǺϵģһ޿ɺǡ
ؼǡȫˮľĴԽݺͶеϵĿǣ̫˽ˡ
ÿһ߶ģˮľҲ⡣
ոճ̽Ͳд۵˵ǿԣҲȻǶǵ״ˮľӽš
ǱĬ֮䣬ԼΧһŴʵľ
ҪǸպˮľҪ̽ǲʵˮľ治֪̽Ȼĺ֡
ˮľΪǲ̽ʲôֽţʱö֪ңڹϸҲ޲
֮뵽Բ
ˮľཨϵһ㣬һֱûеõܺõֲǾĸ߶޴ֻܹƾģʽͻʵȫӳӦ
ֻۻ񶷣ˮľսʣҲܴﵽ̾Ӣĳ̶ȣҲ˶
Ҫ˵ܹΪʮβǲ߰ڵĦĿ˰Ŷݼ׵ŵؿľʹ׶ݲ̼巴ӦǲҪˮľʤһ
˵ĴʤϣڴϵԣȷʵˮľͷӡϵĳɾҪһء
ģʽҲм޵ġ
ǲ¶Ͳд۵ǡҪؿ޻ɡӲܹѹƣǻЧãǷӡҲûôЧ
ֿԷļһǣܸܼӦ״ˮľ䣬ӡ;ߣʺǲĵ¹
ľڼӰ𣿡
һȺЩ£ˮľŸոŽ־ʵ
һļ׼ˮľĿŮߴһ£ȻѸƱϵ۾
æµˮľһЩҪȷϡ
ϣ
ˮľƵ˵һ䣬Ȼ˶ûӦʱ򣬾ӹһ˵ȣڴһ֮䣬ˮľʵٶѾ߳˰칫ҡ

칫ңľͷɣ۵ЩͷۻĿͻȻһ
˭
һӰ˲ڷ
㰡ˮľողŷֿʲôҪҪ˵Ȼǵİ칫òԶҲڰæ֮ԹɣҼǵѾ־ļĿ
ˮľɫ࣬ڨЦһ£ҲͣûӪĺѡ
ʲô£ǲǸִн񣿡
֮ǰڻԾ칫ңˮľһ˱Ҷ֪ˡ
֮ʲôɣ
ָ֮޹굺
ˮľͷ
ǲϷʲô
֪ˣ
ʲôˡ
ˮľüͷһľ¡
ջͱɳȥûпˣȲȥɱ֮ҲûʲôΪн񣬵ǣЩ飬ΪӦûң
ˮľԴĻóʱЩΡ
ԴǰΪѧУҵԲϸ񡢵ȡӡ֮¼棬ˮľľ׽ù鰸֮ˮľͿĹϵһֱȽǢ
żϵʱҲǹ£Ӱ˽˹ϵ
һβһ
ľԥһ
Ѿԭί˸ִˣ

ˮľʧҡҡͷ
ҲľҲΪǲҪ֪ͨˮľЩԥԣ޷ɴཫѡȨΪĿӰĸ֣Ǻԣֲûнǲⷽ鱨ˮľ
ΪҴ飬Щ˼˰
ľ֪ҴĴڣǸ֪ģ֪˺ܻܿҲ
ΪˮľĵΪֽǲ˵һЩ鱨ˮľҲ޿ɺǣĽЩ졣
ľҶʦ۹ӦòῴǸͲдеͫʰɣ
ˮľЦһ
ӦҪ֪棬֪ģ
ΪһЩ⣬ܵʮβ֮ǰˮľᱻڹ
Ǹôƺģ
ס꣡
ȻƹܵǹͬʱҲս޲ʤִƳͷն֮
Ͳдеͫ׵ʼΪȷܹʹܺǲ˽ֻʣǲڣܹԻִ֮ĴҲˣΨһ䵱еģҲˮľϷ˯ˡ
Ȼû̫Թľ֪ԼˮľԭõĹϵһ˿Ѻۡ
ݵĳĬ֮󣬻ľ˵
ˮľңǸִˣûп˼

ˮľЦЦ
ľ˵òȷʵûпԣֻˮľûʶѣ˵ˮľǲĹϵٴμǳ飬¶Ҳ֮УˮľҪûзֵĻȻҲ֪¡
ΣǲһĶ
֮ǰֻڿĵȰˮľΪ̽ףһСС򣬵ˮľĵ棬տڲ̸
ȻˮľԴҲ˲ٶβ޲⣬βϺβͱ֯β޶ˮľȻβպβĲŪˣеĻҪ˵ԸΪľҶûȤǾԲܵġ
Уʹÿ¡Ҳܾд۵ļȻкصĵΣսʱˮľҲȻûнȥ˼
ݴ˭Ҳ֪ˮľһ޺£ײŶٴĿĵܡ
ðɣЩҲᣬȻЩҲû̫ǲǸýھ޹굺ˣ

ԵͿ̬ӴܵˮȻ˽ǶһΪ屻ʱɥʧ˼ĴԣʣάĵԹγɵѪʱ壬״̬û̫жˡ
ԭǶĻһشܾٴܵشɺǵķӸһˡ
ڣˮľҲֻͨϷ˯ľӣԶ̲ˮѡ
ԶǧңָӣȻһ˿ЭҲûа취飬ǲʵ̫ԵˣɱǶͬʱֱն˱֮ϵԹݵİԵûܶԲľֺ
֮£ˮľʹּΪ鷳Ĳٿطʽ
ʱǽǶʱʧȥӴĲ;֧ԮֻһʩչˮΣյľأΪ̫һܶˮľֶζòϡ
ʱƺоʲôˮͻȻͣؿܵӦٶ۵ˮѾûа취ʱӦˡ
̫ˣǶ
ӰͻȻһĨӰ׼ȷػ˰Ưˮ
ھľȷʵ˷ʤֻҪУͺҰѡ
ںϣ
Ͳ壬Ļﶼ˵ˮֻܷͽ͵ŭ
ǲǺɻ󣿡
һߺɫӰûˮ֣ͬʱһɫ԰׵ļһӵð˳
ʧ˵ɥȮǲǺ֣
׾ֻ˵
ȷʵˣǶЩ⣬޵˼ƺףԼսΪʲôʱѣȻǻõĹϵһѣָǻԮ֣侮ʯҪһ°ɣû뵽ô򵥾ͱˡ
ſܻеôҲܻᰭְš
ĺھЦţɬԼϷýǶʼ
ңļУһЩ˼ĶĻǽǶ
û˵ķȻûа취ش⡣
ȻˮľԽǶļƣ÷ӡȽеϢĵףŽǶһˮϢȻٵöࡣ
ǧٿס©ٳļ䣬ھŪڽǶֽŵĵʲôˡ
ֻҪ֪Ƕɿ㹻ˣҪʲô֤ݾͿ֡
һ˵ɱǶһսҲϧתǿ׾ҲУҩʦûתӾͨҲֲǶսȱˡ
׾Ѿסˣ֮ȥʡ
֪ˡ
׾帽ȻǿߵʵʱյļһǲýǶùˡ
ˣǶҲֻ÷ϣķӡʽ
к޼Ȼű˷֮ͬھֶΡ
λ˹ĳЦУҵıըĢƽΧһжĨɾ


928 һ
˽һӣڵƲŽɢȥ
ҵıը֮ϴԱȻǲԶˣԭС϶Ըǲʹõνǧ𱬷ԶԶ硣
ԸЩ졢岻жǿĺھͰ׾ѾǴ´ˡ
ҵıըըӵײһĨɫӰӵ
Ǿգһˡ

һɫҲ
ǳĹܹɱŹ֣ͬʱĵڳŪ㻹еѡ
׾֪һΧĲӦ
Ѿˣ
ھں˵
˾˰ɣ˵Ǳ壬԰׾˵Ҳֻһ־תվѣûЩҲ
ʵˣħҲʮβ⣬Ļ׾ı͸֮ϵҲжôܡ
˵Ǳ壬ʵҲֻǵһǲóϸħư׾ŵָӹٶѡ
˵ɱңҲǺ׼ȷٽǶһа취ġ
ǰڽǶǹвУԲǴ
ԣôһԥˣ
˵һǧһʵΣУǺھǶĹؼ
Ҳ֪ǶϷʲôԭ׼ϸһϵЩ쳣ڿһƬʬǶûŪ֣Ǹ㲻ǲ˭ڰˡ
ɵеģֹǵжԵˮľ̴塢̽ǲɡ
ȻĿǰǲͺھһģʵô
ǲӡǲûжģ
ĺھ͸Ӳ˵ˣ˶ǻɵĶõӣ浱ȻҲǲǲߡ
˰ɣ̽ʧˣʧ˽ǶҲʲô£ȥ׼һ£Ҫʼһƻˡ
ƿһеĻ֣Ĳʲô׵顣
Ȼ˵֧ӣôζźھûκѣҪʱʡԼƿҪϵ±ѣҪжԼļƻжÿһܳһ⣬Ҫ׼ȴʩ񲻾֮ǰˮľľҶж֪˶£ķչûѳơ
̫ⷢˣҲǶǣܸоЩѾڱʹ׼ˮ㡣
ȻЩǣֻҪȵʮβһж䶨ˣǰĹʵ˽ǧ꣬ժȡϣ

ľҶ徯ľ֮޹굺ϸ˵һ֮󣬵ˮľķӦ
ʵϣʱˮľΪǶϣɥʧź
һĶõˮľһľ˵Ų֮ǰھ޹굺⣬һָŽǶʣµˮ
ʧˡ
ˮľҡҡͷȻ̾һ
ôʲôԣ
ûʲô
ʶղ˵ˮľЦЦ
Ѿ֪ˣлл㣬
Ǿͺã
ľεͷ
׻˰
ˮľԲô䵭˵Ҫ飬е뷨ԺҲԿ̹ˡ
ˮľϤ˶֪ȵļһ˼ʽķʽʮּˣȻΪλȨضЩ֣˽ҲϤǰҲ˱ĬУȻһ㣬ܹ˵ϻģһ㶼л˼
ԺɵİˣûϺ΢Ц֮µĮֻѲ֪ܱˮľԼˡǾͺ·ߵʯûʲôΨһĲ죬õʯûõʯ顣
Ȼ֪Լˮľûоѣν̸Ц飬ԺҲˡ
ˮľ
Ȼ֪Լѡһˮľ֪󣬿϶ı仯ԼԤзʱǰ̫ˡ
ңǴӣ㶼ûж⡭
֪ģ
ˮľƿ칫Ҵžȥ
ĻжĻҾͲú˵ˡ
㲻Ҫִָˡ
Ҫ˵ĿȴˮľѾʧתǡ

̾һľǰһļһƣ˫ڰ칫ϣ칫κһ
ҿɴˣ
ȻˮľԼ˵ûϣˮľܹҵԼ߻Ӱ˺úõشһ䵭̬ȣ˵ġ
ϲķ治ǲϲᣬĮġ
ˮľԴӻŨеĻǾԲίġ
ˮľ߲ͬľҶ塭ԣӦ˵Ƕ̽Уһֱڣľ֪ˮľγ۵ԭʲôȻһЩģ֮£ˮľһС覴Ĳֵһᡣ
õദľΪӰĸ֡ͬΪ֮һҲ˽¶˵ˮľɴĻľҶ塢̽Σ
Բԡ
βսʱҪ˵һ˱ֵۣʾˮľ
ȻǶβǷս֮ʵ̫ǿˣ̴ʱûˣûзӳȫʵ
ʵսϷܹ֮ӵֻ֮ʹݵĿǣסʵʵ̫ˡ
Ȼˮľ¶ķֻ߸˽µ˶ٸ˭Ҳ֪
ʵ׾ҪǧֻҪһǧټϱĻݺ۶ݵܹƽ̽ˡ
Ȼôǿʵ϶ƵģҪ˵ǧķιǰͷס
ˮľļ˭Ҳ֪
⣬ˮľʵ¶ԽԽ࣬Ǹ̸СӣĻϷ˯磬ʵ˵ǣȻ֪ˮľôģʣԽԽˮľѾĽɡ
ף̫ǿˣ
˵ô˵ʵҲףˮľǿ⣬ĹؼǣˮľǻӰ
ˮľǿԽǿˣӽˮľʱսоԽǿҡ
Ȼˮľһ޵Уܹ̽ɱˮľƻҪˣҲֻгֹεֻˡ
һǿ˶ηͬǻ£ǿѾûа취ʱ򣬴׵ģͲˡ
ۼˣ٣ǿ裬ǫǫӣ
ˮľ;Ӳ̫ԶˣȻܵƣôȻᱻų⡣
ΨһķˮľϻӰ
ǿĿӰǧ䣬ϴ֮һⶼӭж⡣
ɵĶĿӰǧ䣬÷ˮ
һ뵽Ӱľ̲סЦ
˾ûп׵ġ
սڼˮľڵĴսб죬սλȻˮľΣһⶼӭж⡣
˵ףʵô򵥣
ˮľΪΪƽϮĴ൱һ֧
Ϊʵǿᣬս׿ټλսӲ˵е֮۵׳٣ҲʣҲӮ൱һ䶷ɺͼɵ
ǣβôġ
Ȼôȵˮľ֧ߣͱȻΪٵķ߿ˮľ˳ۡ
Ӱλã˵֧߱ȷ߶Ϳȥġ
֮£ľΪԵõԵʣĴս֮󣬵ǹɽˮľ
ӰĲľҶ棬ӵԸ
ѡŻӰļ̳ˣˮľ֧߿ȻˮľΪʣҲôɽܡ
ˮľķ߿ˮľΣȻǿҷԣ˵´۵ķѣŵĳ棬ˮľ൱ġ
ĴĿӰˮΪʲôܹܴӮľҶ
ΪˮźľһԵͷռƣȴǸܹܵѡ
ЭӰҪǴĽɫ˶Ͽɵġһ
ϻӰ֮λĹؼǡۡ࣬ǡڷۡ١
һ㣬ǡǡûа취Ͷȡɵģˮľ˵û̫ʱŤתٲ˶Ļӡˡ
Զˮľľкѡ˶ϣĿӰܹôΪӰĿԣ˶Ҫ͡
칫⣬кüӰ͵͵߿
Ȼ֪ԭ򣬵ƺ˷־ìܣû˾̸ۣ¿һǡʮֹ졣
־ǿˮľ˪ľ̸һᣬˮľͷҲص뿪˾ڹû˸ŻɢϢˮľ
ڿʲôϾҪսˣȥ׼
һ˴֮󣬿һ˼ȻŻӰ칫ȥ췢飬Ҫִ˻㱨ˡ
ˮľ뿪ȥˣû˸ʣҲû֪

֮ڵϷ˯ں϶ȵʵϣڴոջյĽǶĲл꣬ôóںϵȨѾոĲꡣ
ʱˮľͻȻ
ôʱǶǲǺúñˣİɣҩʦõ˽Ƕ֯Ҳûתˡ
Ϊ˽ѭˣ̽ѾĿŵزֶԸԼǻʲôԴȻô
Ҽǵ̴岻֮ǰ̴μ̽˰ɣӦǡ


929 
ȻڼΪ̴̽֯壬ȻСС̴塣
ϵĹҪλģȻָЩСսܹóֻҪڱҾͿˡ
ֻ֮֮֮֮ûзŹúƽûе֮Ҳ֪ͨˣЩ֮أǿһһĲ֮֮֮֮ȵȶб̽ս
֮ǡ֯ǰפأΪӵֻ۵ĳѾˣյĹˣȻάһµĴͳ粻֪˭ʱҲû˻Ȼƶ񤣬൱׵Ĺҡ
ͬǼڴ֮ĻشһĲ֪֮֮ͨˣ֮ȻҲĴ
̴£òģЩСȻҲĴս档
ɴܣСԶԶĲ֮ǽͷݣίһ֮;ܾˣֻ֮֮֮֮ûʲôսģҲͻظʾ֪ˣȻûģίܾ
֮͸Ӹɴˣõʹ֮Ŷûнݽ뺯ͷˣ֮ʶȤزŲʣһšֽ֪ȥˡ
ʱˮľͻȻ˵Ҫ̽ʵЩѽ⡣
ʲô飬ı⣿
֮Ͼֻһˮľʵأһʼûн䷢չ׳˼Ӳͷ¶棬뷨̽磬ǵ۹ʱûȼ˵
Լľô֮ˮƽϣһǿгĹʲôģˮľһȤҲûС
ἺΪ˵ΰҵǽȰ֮Ӣۺˡ
Ϊ̽չʲôģǸ»ǽרҵ
һ仰˵úãʲôʱĹһЩɶ۵
ˮľԲ룬ҲǴ̽ٸǿߡܡ
ˮľԼǰȽ֮Ҳвͨ
һţһأǳͷβķӡ
̽ķչȻĹɣԽ޴ҵ飬ˮľǲġ
Ȼ̽θжô֮ˮľ͸Ὣˡ
ִҵĺôˮľҲǿΪ֮ıˣ֮񰲾ҵѾ㹻ˡ
ڵĴ̽ս
֮ԭеˮ׼Ҳ޵ļܹеóţģڻˮľЩĲ̡
ˮľʵ³ȻĻ̽ƴڸжˢˡ
̽Ҳ֮Ϊβܽԭû⣬ټĿǰҲϳ֮⣬ǿˣò̽Ҳͳ֮ǳ˴
ִ֮ڸвǿͻȻ˵ҪΪ̽
ϣôôЩ졣
ἺΪʵڲǹ֮佻ݣڸܵз֮ʹ֮ǰû˭һ̫֯˽⣬ȻҲΣǰ
ľҶ巢ʲô£ôżǻüëҲѡ˰ɣ
ˮľǰƽ˵
ʹЩìܣƺɵˣ

ϣһ㶡
ʲôʱ飿жӦòòҹӦûǸոշģѵͽǶЩϵԣڤӦòǻ֮ǲ
ˮľҡҡͷ
Ժ˵˵֮̽顣
ðɣ
ϣͣϵ飬֣صʵ
ȻҪ̽ôȻᱩ¶֮ܣɳϸǱģô˭ӣ
ʵСʱòʲô룬һϵ̨˶ûУô̴򽻵
ɳèֻȻᱻ£Щ˺ܱܿڻʹãˢ˴ڸУ粻ȥöۡ
ˮľʵʹЦʹˣŵʵûһİգսһ֣ͻ¶ڣٸıαװá
бǰֵĿܣľҶ־߼ʲôģ˵ʲôʱˣҪ֪֮ŸոմӵжӪӪȻġ
ֳõ飬ˣ
ˮľ΢΢һЦ
д㣬սðǱ̽СĻǽḻ˲Ŵ
ḻ
ϣüͷһ壬˼һᣬŻȻ
˵ôȥ
ľҶƻ棬֪ǱľҶһľҶʧأġкߡǱսĺ֣սҲ൱Ի͡
ϣķӦٶȣˮľЩ⡣
һֱڤ˼룬û˻
ˮľȻ˵
ԭҲôģһᣬĿ¡˾ţҪһܼĴ̽սݣսͻȻһΪ˫ô
³ֵĲӵ˵Ԯɵ
Ȼ飬ս϶ˣֻҪԼˣȫǵˣֳУĻɱģôͣ
ſ¡˾óȻսǱתš׾źֽ̽
ˮľѾ˼Ϊ˸֯̽;õġ
ô£ȻӼ̽ȥ̽һ飬ʡλܽء˯Щ˶ɹȥ˺ŵ̴֤ɳ̴֣ߡ
ϣͷ
͵ô⵹һð취ǣʲôô
Դ㲻֮̾ݲսҲ취Ȼ鷳һ㣬Ҳֵˮľðű¶֮ܵķֻҪ΢¶һ˾ͻ֪һĪڽ̿ƣôôɣԺ֮鷳ӡ
涼ܳһʿ
֮ĶλˮľҲһʱ䣬󣬻Ƿչ뷨
ΪûбҪԭ̫֮ƶˣܹһŶѾѵˣﲢ
Ҫ㿪ģʽļֱ֮ǵģʽ˪ֹ֮طôڱ߽߱ǽǣڴ֮Դ
Ƕ֮ĸ飬ԸģʽҪԴûԴҪ˿û˿ڣΨһൽͷ۵ģǽһзչĿԶɱķĳֵˮ
ˮľǽƻ˶ˡ
⻹һ˳£Ҫǳ̣ƻ˷ġ
ΪˣҴ˵Ҫߵʱˮľûж˼䰲֮
Ϊˮľ֪һֱˮľʵľҶߵݳǰģԼΪ¡ˣṩϸҲľҶߣǲˡ
ڿ˵ҪߣǱ̨ˮľǶģҴҪľҶߣʲô֪ν̡
ЩνΪײΪţ󡱵Ļˮľһ֮Աǵġ
֮ľҶ徯ĸ̽󲿷ǰѡһĻ¾󲿷˶ѡߣֻûʲô˲ŻὫ֮쵱
־ˣѡ񵱡ţ󡱣ҲסаսסΪȸסǡסĻ֪νһϺÿһ⣬ûʲôô
ԣһֱˮľʽְҵĻ֮죬ֻ׬ġְ
뷨ۣˮľȻ֮̽ˣֱǲ֪ν
Ȼвò˵ɣ
ˮľεؽǲ֮޹굺ϵıϸ˵һ顣
ҪڻΪף˵ǲǸµͲд۵ͫ׺ն֮꣬Ѿ㹻Ҳ̫ˣ׻ûûзֵ壬Ҳ֪

ϣ֮Ҳˮľĵǡ
ν֮ɳ֡¡˾ֻ֮࣬Ͷʯ·ȷ棬䵱׹ģʵǴɣ
˵磬˭ѱɱģʣˮľƴ衣
ȻʵϺˮľЩ࣬ڽо̽ĿԼ㷽棬ˮľкܶơ
˹켣ġ֮ļһﵽ׻ʲôĴĴ㣿
׼ܴˮľͻȻ˼˴кͺ֣ˮ֮£жٿĳӿͰˮľֻ֪һˮԺãӲļһȥ̽̽·ˡ
㻹գǸ޳ܵıһΪʲô۹֮ϷҾͷˡ
޳ܿɲǰʣ
ΪıҲһģࡣ
ԭУʵҲ׼ȷ棬Ƿӡı׶ˡԼ˹˲ʬת㣬ĿӰԳնĽʬ⾡һΣ֮ɵǲʮȭ롣
ûдġ˵˱Щ֮ĸɵ
Ȼˮľ˴踴ĻᣬٶˮľһôҲȻġ
ʿģȻΪǰûʲô³òȳɣ


930 ֮
ϸβḻĴ϶ǲҪˮľָֻŵģֻҪṩһݾˡ
鷳£ʵͷۡ
ֻҪṩһЩ˾ţԼ취ɣ
Լļʵ־͸ԽҪǧ˰ݣˮľɲӡ
Ǿ͸һ̴ĳƺɡʱô
ʱꣿ
ˮľԥһᡣ
еᣬʹʵǺܺʡҼǵиҲʱɣ
ϣЦŴ
̴ʱĶˣա졢ƽ֮ģ̫ˡ
Ǻðɣһ̴̵飬͹ȥôˣӦѾ˿¡˾ˣԿʼˡ
ǰ֪һ£ƺЩò
ˮľʼ磺
費ЩȽڣ
Ҫǣܵ˱Ӱ죬ͲҪô鷳
ЩһߣҿϷ˯ںȨܽеʲôزˡ
ˮľָ鰴ϣĸһʵĹâϣðһֻ޴ĺǰ
ϣûеֿˮľľٶϾϷ˯粻βޣĻܻܿϣõ˺ʵϷ˯ϣֻСαԼϵϣľҲγϷ˯ִһ֡
һ£һֱɻ󡭡
ϣȶĴȤʵ
˵̥ڰ֮Ϸ˯磬ľִӦҲ뾫һ֣ǣƺûкϷ˯罨˫ϵϼȨ޲鿴ǵļ֮⣬ҲżãΪ߲Ȼİ֣ûйûԼΪһľٶֱӽþҲ˾ϣѵ˵㲢ûнѾ˼Ϸ˯磬Լһ֣
ϣ⣬ˮľȻܲһѾںϵò˵Ӱƽػش
Ϊ֪֮
ร
ϣ⡣
ѵԼִĶģ߼壬֤ľԿȨɣ
Կƣ
ˮľԳЦ
νĻɣϵñͨķƹν߼ҲһʧģûоԵ顣
㵽ڵʲô
ϵĵǰɣԭЩӦøûйϵ
ˮľһᣬǽ͵
ܼ򵥵ıǰܶ󸻺˵ǮۣܺڴҵΪ࣬ʧȥ֮࣬ҲܶΪŸ
ѵ𣿡
Ҳһ㣬δûʵ뷨
ˮľͷ֣صضϣ˵
ǮǱزٵԴһǿ϶ģ׬ԼζǮ֮ͱˣ˵ЩǮȫߣӱ˵ҲȷģĽǮ׷ʱźܴĲͬ
ǵϷ˯ʲô֮
ˮľָϷ˯
׬ȡǮĳĳ˾Һ͸Լڶ֮ͽṩľǮܷ֣Ϸ˯Ȼңͬܵṩ˵Ӱ죬ǿ϶ġ
˽ıۣʵ鷳򵥵֮ϣˮľĵǡ
һ˾Ȩľףرй˾Ȩ̫ɢĻʱҰˡȨڵ
ˮľҡҡͷ
һ㵹ڵĵģҸղĳĳ˾ֻ˵Ϸ˯緢չ̶ȵʱѾ˱ϵȻսϣҿѹסϣǡ񡯣Ǹ񡯻ߡα񡯣֮ͼݡ֮ˣ³ôã
ȻĹرԼԣȻ͸Ӹ߼ңҪôȾЭҪôֻͨӵķãԼĽ
ðɣ
ϣ˸ͷ
ĵȻЩңԶҲ޵ķʸ
ڼΪĳѾˣҪǲǲҲ;ģǡǡǴͲľҹֽ̽еһпԴԼ޹˼ɵ̽ĴͲľʽʹͲľʽ
زΪۻ˺ĵ¹ȫһ£ˮľ׷ֵԣĻΪԼֶ
֮һ仰ֻġ񡯲ա֮ǲеģ
ˮľԴΪһо֮еĻ
Σߺڿ͵۹Ϸ˯ʧأɵΣɱǸˡ
һ죬׼ô죿
ˮľĬһᣬش
ʱ֪ˡ


931 ѭ
ˮľĻشϣüͷ֮ϣҲûмȥ
ΪȤ֮أ˵˭лֽţΪϷ˯硱ʵַϣΪɡ
ȻϷ˯ϵʵҲȫɿ
ȻˮľʱʼɵʵЩ飬ȫԼ뷨ܾ顣
Ǹ֣ûнܹؿˮľɱﵵǲ֪ˮľҪˮľô
ԵɥʧһԼķչȫȡǿߵһ֮䡣
ͲľҹʵԽ̽Ūڹ֮䣬Ǽ̳ԼĴͲľºʹͲľ壬ǴͲľҹ
ˮľûǿǸزľҶ壬ˮľѾҪӽǸ̶ˣȻûдﵽܹȡĵزƻʵֲ̫ˡ
ˮľĿɳ𣬶ص۶ݡǧԽľҶػ
̽ǿߴ壬ˮľһ֮䡣
˵ľҶûзĿӰ֣ٺ֮ӡʱʱĲ֮ͳǿƻ϶ˮľܹ׵ֵġ
Ҳģʽټ־˺ˣ˼̽ûһܹӦԡ
ľͲдӵеʱռĹͻһзֱӽ˺Ƭ
ǣǻݻ۶ݣǧǵͼڣһˮľȳ֣˾ûлֵˣµĸ¸ȣ˿ѣƶ֣˸û˾ģв֮зֹˮľ
ԣˮľһпʼʱľҶ϶ϣرΪƽء
ˣиøֲģǾˮľķӡͽʵ̫ˡ
رרҵǿһ⣬ǿ˶ⲻ˵ĳ̶ȣ̫ηˡ
ˮľ֮⣬ֻ״ӴҰӣˮľϵ˽⣬ͻˮľҲȫһΡ
ľҶֻҪ΢ҪһĽ磬϶ˮľû߲Ƶġ
˼ط֮⣬ˮľ˵ûܡ
һ㣬ΪĿӰĸ޷ܵġ
ľҶߣҲϣԼʱʱ̴̿ڱӵС
޹غ˹۵ܣƨɾԴ£ﶼᷢ
ͬʱ򣬶ϣ˵Ҳ̫ʺϴֻˮľһ֪顣
ðɣָֻĺܹˡ
ҸϣЩֶòϣ
ˮľʼ磬浽Ǹʱ˵Ѿӵ޷صĵزˣˮľ˵ֻѡżʱֹѡ
ЩҲᣬǶ꣬ôˣ
ϣҡҡͷ
̫ãΪϷ˯Եʱ֧飬ǲĲնɱǱɱɾټϱھһѣֱӽתҲһʶİ׳նѡ
Ǿûʲôֵˡ
ˮľЩʧ
õķðôķսȫںϽɲΪһıѡ
ûа취
ϣˮľϣ
ҪĲһðơ񡯣οϵĻֻα񡯵һȫܶѡ
˵ףϷ˯绹һ磬ֻǰҵ룬֧ŵķΧʵֲֹܶѡ
ôܽתܣǰľЩʧˣѾ˼ץյĿȴûʵ֣
⣬ˮľҲ޷شһ֮Ŵ
룬еĻֻܽˣΪ㹻ˣһα񡯻֧Ųһ򡣡
ⲻȻôôǿ̽ô޶ԣ˿϶а͵̽ԴС͵
ôɣ
֮ҪĿĶѾʵ֣ˮľҲûбҪٴˣЩ飬صľҶȥԼ¶棬˵ᱻԼΪԼ߻ˡ
Ȼˮľû뷨ѱô롣
ʹѾһЩѺۣһ㲻Ǻأֻǿ֮以̽Ȼ׼Լλöѡ

˪֮ҩʦջʩչת֡
źʧˡ
ھĽǶʬƬǲ֮󣬾ͽҩʦ
һṢѵõսܹӳ֮ǰܹӵͲд۵ǲĿˮӰڤֵʵ˵ܹǣһӰսǲɻȱ
ʧܣôܣ
ھ˼˵
˵ֻҪϸûбȾͲ⣿
ҩʦЦЦ
ȻҲһЩ⡭
磿
겻ھתȻҲã
ꣿ
ǲüͷ
̶ֳܹ̽ȵģָɣ
ʵָڴѾ˵ڣܹģͲдֻֻۣۣһˡ
ǹ˵ֱʣѹֽǶͻȻôǿ
ˮľǵ鱨ǲѾй¶ˣ
һСģԭεѾͱ˵˰ߣʵЩΡ


932 
ЩȫĴ
׾屻ɱʹ֯鱨ɱس⡣
ȻкھΪã߱Ͼһ壬ԭҪĵĵطǲҲòĹעһ¡
ѾҪ䶨ʣµľǿ˭ʵǿˣ鱨Ѿ˲١
ĳԱʹھԵƣΪٵİ׾źͻתžȱݣܶһ棬Ҫݡ
쿪ʼɣǱ߻Ҫã
ҩʦƵĻתŵĽȣǲЩ
԰꣬ҪǿʵҪƵĻ岢õƣһɲǼ򵥵ܹ鷳
ǲüͷʵ
ȷķû⣿תȻΪȻĵ޸õ˵ʵЩĲ¡
ҩʦŵЦЦ
ӲҪ˵ãҲԷӳǰȫʵΪӡҪԭǴźܴĵ·ա͵ؾĹ˵ôܹ˽ֶܵΣ
Ҳɣ
ȻרҵǲҲֻš
ʵǲҲЩؼǰʱ䣬ҩʦΪ˼Լĳ룬չ¶ǲߵĻ壬ǲĪ
Ǹʱ׾ͺھ²ڣԼҩʦ֮˵Ҫ¶ˡ
౻µ޷ǲߵӡǲûа취ʮβ谭ǲ߸顣
ǲģǿ˶ǲ߲Ӳѡ
˵ʲô
ھЩ⣬˵ĶԻݣƺȫ⡣
ûʲô
ǲתƻ⡣
ץʱ䣬̽ļѾҪӽβˣҲ󣬵ʱɲҪʧ
Ȼ
ҩʦͷ
Щ飬Ҳڴ˺ܾˣһ֤Լĵ·Ļɲס
һС֮֮󣬼̳־ҩʦ˲ٵĿͷߵ̶ȣôܲڴ

ľҶ壬ΪսԵѾǰķ٣ļڣӦ붬֮ǰֵʱˣƺһ㡣
Ϊ󲿷߱ǰߣѾС˲٣ڽͷˮľҲЩп
ǰǴľҶƻɰĽûôô
ϯ̽ȫսɲ֮ľһ̵ӰܹᲢ۵ġ
ƺЩµˮľڻЩ̵ɵϣ·ԭĵ棬һѾЪҵˡ
Ϊ̫ƽȮΪˡ
Ȼ֮սͨ˵Σ󣬵ҲǾԵġ
ľҶΪ׵̴壬ǹ᳹Ƚϳ׵ģҲ⣬缸ʮǰսУľҶɱĳŵĸƺĸ׷ɣ
˵ǵǣά̴̽嶼ս֮ѹƵĺ޵ߵǿߺʿƱػ̽Թƻ
Щͽ²ָ࣬ʲôǳ룬ǸɻȴӦ֡
޷ƿ˵ͨ˵ٲпĹҲǹܱȺԭĻҪõöࡣԭе򱻴ƣµ֮ǰ˭޷ӹսӰ졣
һˣˮľɵ̾һ
ϢϢˮľڷĴϣҲûע⵽ǲģǴĴ
ֻи֪עʱ򣬲ܹвΪעˮľ
ͻȻˮľͷһһֻƴԼļͷ
Ӵˮľþòˣ
ĿࡢһӵԳɰ˹ƺûܣƹˮľĲ§סһ߼
㻹ǲ֪ʲôΣ
ˮľüͷ˿ȦԳɰ˹һ̣Ȼһֻס̵ٵֵ˵̻ҡ
ӦÿҪ˰ɣ
ǰҾΪصػһ˵ģò龪һӦûһʱ䣡
Ԥȷʵ£ϦպľҶԶľŮԳɰ˹ҲĴ̹ߵԶǿͨˣҲѱ̾ƻԻûĺΣ
һζ̲ɣ

Գɰ˹ˬЦ
ϾҪȥ֮ǰˣܳʱزֻҪս֮ǰһ¾û⡣⼸ʵǱﻵˣ֮ǰʹس鼸պÿй䡭

ţҪΪܷ֮άϢˮľǲܵ顣
ˮľҲûнҴ˵˵Գɰ˹ꡣ
ĵʱǰԶһңŮӣǣһͷĵɫŮ߽һƷꡣ
סŮмҵСMɣ


933 ˵
ߵʾǺãƽߵǰ£СӵĳɳٶȱǰûгҪԿһ㡣
СҵĸͷˮľѾ൱ǰ׶԰ҵӦСѧСνӰĳ̶ˡ
¹⼲ŮҲ࣬ССһңҲ˶٣ʱӦúСҲˡ
֮СҲҪȥѧУˡ
֪ô˰
Ȼһɼҵߣ龫ǣżе鱨ǰ˺ܶ顣
һʼΣΪԼжĺЧӦõĴսڳΪ̽սᡣ
ˮľĴ㶼ˡ
عͷĻΪʲôģ
¤񣬹˳ϲң
ʲô
ˮľĻߵԳɰ˹궼ûǴչˮľ
Զ㣬ͲҪôˡ
ˮľֵؽźĴᵽһߡ
ʲô˵ɣĨǵ˵̫Զˡ
𣿹Ȼ㣡
˵ʵڵģľҶ棬˺Ұ³ǴСһ浽ĸ֮⣬ľɽҶ¹⼲Ĺϵá
Գɰ˹ˣˮľᣬҲ㲻϶ôϤ
ƽʱҶæ򽻵ʱҲǺܶ࣬ȣѾѵܹ˵ϻͬˡ
˵Ϳˣ
ûУֻеìܣ֮Щ⣡
һˮľû˵ѣֻѺöȴ½ˣʲôģԶôӡ
Ϣͨ
ϾҲǼӵܣһӰĸףЩ֪Ѳסҵġ
Գɰ˹ͷ·һ̼ǰͰ档
ʱ򣬴Ӻܻ֮ìܣңҲҳߣֱǰŻصӣǻ
ܹпеˣ󲿷Ѿսˣ֮ػս룬Ȼɢ֪٣ĿӰԳնѾˣкܶܶ࣬һЩѾӣȻвȻ䡣
¶һɣʵϱˮľҪСһļһˮľԹ
ôӻҺ˵ȥͿȻû˵˵ҪûһŴ࣬ʵ̫ˡ
Ŀ˵ֱͣҴˣһﲻʺϸ
Ǹִ˰ҵģԼģ
ǰôأǧͷҪȥȴ۰Ͱ͵ˮľɲΪ˵л
˵ǰС棬СҺСMһ˺һǽ˳ϸϸ˵˼֮ǣѧУķ˹ȥ
Ĵ̽սڼǰߵߣвٲսҪưţһֱűϷĺҰ³¹⼲Ҳǽͷö
ѧУ֣׵Сȥ곤ѧݡ
ľҶ壬ûСûϷģȥѧУĺôѧϰȻģģϷǴ˼ʮĴͳ
ʱҲҪˡ
Գɰ˹ĽؿŮԶ
Һͷӵìܣʵǹڡ񡯵ķ磬ҵͨˡ
ǵ̣ǽӣҪҿЩͲµ˵ʲôˣ
ȿȡ
ԭ˺þõĻôȥˣԳɰ˹Ҳ̲סˡ
ǲаһͳܲסԺٳ̰ɡ
һͲҰѻ˵ꣿ
ղŲ˵ҽӻðѻȥ
ðɣҡ
ˮľǸܺ˵ˣǰ۾Ϲˡ
ˮľüƽϣΪǰ˵Ļ޹ؽҪڣӾȻˮľ˼빤ˮľҲеӵҸоãǽϦպ׷֮š
Ӯҵ״̬Ȼһ
ҳ˵ǿ͸ִˣϣ㲻ҪǣһжΪ˴ӵδ
֪
ǵģҲǵģվǵġ
ӹڡ񡱵ĺ壬ʵˡ
δںӣڴУҲĿӰԳնһӵˡ
ˮľо̽󲿷̬˵Ҫǿ͸ʲǼˡ
֮ллĸ룬
ˮľѵ¶һ˿Цݡ
룬ǻ̫ˣӣƽʱֵ͵Ƕ֪ʲôԴȱٹͨһ㣬ҲΣϣҶףҲľҶߣҵļҡ
ֺҲľΪˮľвľҶ壬ֻЩ鲻ȫƾģָ·ʰҹջʵ̫ˡ
˼ңϻǽãΪ˷СˣΪ˷ӡ
Щˡ
ˮľôһ˵Գɰ˹Щ졣
һΪ˴򽻵ļһĲ˵û뵽Ҷˡ
ˮľνذڰ֣
ʵҵЩˣͷԼ򵥵ļһ͹ҵĴǲΪ¹⼲ɽҶΪʲô³ûš
˿֮⣬Ӧò֪ʲôɣ

ѵһ²۵Ļᣬǰһ֡


934 ů
Գɰ˹ˮľֱֱ֮Ӿ뿪ľҶ塣
СԹԵˮľ˵飬ʵҴ˶
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սǴһйսȻ·Դ˺ǲΪ׵ʱ򵽵׻ʲôˮľҲ˵׼
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սȥλΪ񡱣ˮľͲˡ
Ӱλ˭˭ְˮľˣ˭ϰ塱ܺˮľӰ
Ҫ֮ãҪʱԡ

ˮľڰ̾ҲΪص̴ͻȻɳ̾μ̽еĪ
һǧս̴ǽѹ׵ó˰ɡҪʲô


935 
̽߾ô̴࣬Ҳղʮϵ
һߵĻѲСҲһɲţÿ˵ƻǱȽϴģƾŬ߳һ·ıϾֻ⻹ʦָҲûʣֻóķ̫ƫˡ
ľҶ壬󲿷ʽ߶̣ƽʱѡ̵ıάʮѡһѡһ֮䣬սʱԸߣҲᳬѡһ
ѡ̾ͱȽϸˣľҶάʮѡһң⻹ǰر̡
̽磬ѡϸģ壬ʵɰ壬ΪԴޣִоӢߵǣò޵츳ѵļ档
ľҶı׼άеȣԸ壬ΪóЭͬսƣԵӢ̶ͣ棬ռơ
֮СԴ̫ԶܹΪߴṩǧ̣Ѿѵϵ̨ĻɫˣܹɽһȿԺ̴ӰᲢ۵ĹңܹѹեһǧҲ̫֣Ҫǰö꿪ʼսС
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ΪΪ̵ң¹ϸ˿̴ύСͷĿϡ
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936 һ˿
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սڼһǵ˵̣ʵЩ֡
һ뵽һǴװģ̿
ǰ̿ԣΪ̴ĴĴӦҲһĻ
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һѾ̵ҴҲЩԾԾԣϴߴˮľظϽﱣʢĺĵˣһط̫˾סˡ

֮ꡢҴ˳Խ˹š
̳ˮľѧʶڣض׾ٵͻ֮ķӡ飬̴֪Ҳû̫໳ɡ
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ЦԷǵĶԻǱȱȽǡ

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ǰô࣬ǲҲӦðæ
۾
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ʵЩ֣ҲʱҲˣ˶̴ҪĴ̽ս֪ҶԽսĮġ
ҵ˲̴̾𣿡
ҵˣ̴̾ĹģͷĿ֪飬֪ĻǴ鱨ˡֵǣ̴ͲѹեӵǱսս״̬ʵ޷ӣ̴ôܹɵóһǧϵ߲μ̽ս
ˮľƳһ٩٩̸غҴ壬˹ش
ǰֻĳɹ
Щµˮľ˵
̴ҹܲţǵǵ̴̾ĴͷĿʱ̣Ĺôʲô
ǣҲ̫ˡ
ڰֹ˻Ҫ˵ء
Ѿˣ밵Ҳʮ꣬Щ黹Ҫ㣿ҴûҲˣҲҪЩ飿Ȼʲôķ֣һֱӱִ˾ˣСһε񣬾ơԣǵ֮һʱ̵鱨ˡ
û뵽ǰ
ʲôʣֱˮľˣҿǾҵҵذոִ˵һ˿ִ񣡡
̴˸еֵˣѵÿһҪһ飿Ҳ̫鷳ˣ߸ô


937 
ȻĻں˳ķֶӳغҴУֻҪΥûΥֵһжӦָӡ
̴ʲôӣ˭ʲô׶ˣʲôè壬һжİСûжٹϵ
ֻҪû֤֤Щ쳣ΣľҶ壬ǾͿӶ
񣬽Ǵһ̴ʱϢѡ
ΪߣûйϵͿЩǲǺأ費ҪѾѡ
һ㾫׼սɣأʲô⣬ֻҪǵѣ⣬սƽϲ١
Դӽ̴忪ʼ޴ڵ쳣˭
ԺߴкܴĲͬ
ߵľ۾Ӵͨ˵ĴкܴĲͬģʽͷ϶ǲһġ
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ʹԭͣǡ֯Ϊ׻ŮСϣŮΪ̡֮һҲѧβսвûǱҲˡ
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һʼСƹ̴ͷصԺ֮ȥ
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꣬ϢЩ
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ĿӰǧóǿͲǿľݵģѵһ漣
ݾ鷳ˣȻʲô·󲿷ֻ߶ͣòŵ˸֪ĳ̶ȣ˵ǡݡʵЩǿ
ݣһǺ͹ǿԵЩϵһġ
ȻżѣֻҪ˾ݣһ򵥣ɽмľӰȡ
ͷ
ûɣƭңһѵ飬ԡ
Ťͷض
ҪԼһȥ飬ûбҪ֦

Ըľݵһ̴ĵشȥڨЦ˼
ǿߣȷʵЩɵѵ̴ֻᵮһ确ɽµļһ
ڶ̽սߣ׹ǿ߾Լ£ǿĽͬսϵĽܹռˣ±Χͨޡ綾ɽʹõĶҲ֮ɫĿ¾
˵̽սΪɽصȻûж˸Ҵ̴⣬սϣʱİ£ûгԹľҶжԣûʹȫ̽Ҳûжƣֻ󾢲㣬ľҶռŵ£ǰľҶǩͣսЭ顣
һ̽ٴʵ׵ߴĵϸ뷨û뵽ơ
Ӧÿ԰ɣ
ȻǱ壬ϵʵȻҪǿһߵ꣬һķӡͽۣټϷ֮Ӧ㹻ˡ
㻹ǲģ
εҡҡͷ
ңҲģҪȥɣô¥ĲϢŨ񡭡
ҴҲԾԾԣҪȥ̽


938 һ
˿꣬ϵĶӳ

̾һ
ˣ߸񱨸ҲдôһˣûйҲп͡Ҫǳʲô£ҿɲΣԼŰ죡
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ŵһЦ
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ðɣȻͬˣǾȥ׼ˣ²˳٣ж
ڡַáʱΣܹϵжйһˡ

ҹĻ٣ϾҪǰȥ̽ϵĴ裬æ͵еˮľṩʱһ߿ˮľύ̽鱨һ˼Žжԡ
ͻȻüͷһ壬ԭ˵ķ䣬һӰƾճ֣֮µˮľʵΡ
ôʱ𣿡
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ϣãҲǲǲôˡ
һνǲ˿¡ҲսҲǲһ̼ܹܵͲдۡ


939 ü
ȻԺܵͣҲȫܡ
һһͲд۷׷֮ٳһͲдۣҲʲôܽܵ顣
Ѿ˼ҴǲҲһµ˼ҲܹڽпսпͲдǾˡֻòûжôɡ
Ϊ˴һȫƺ£һԼҲҪֻΪôԾжˡ
ҴδչΣˮľ˼ʵҲЩӣΪʲôҪƶ֮Ľɫ뵽̽УδûкԵɡ
Ҳǲ⣬Ͱࡢһɲ磬ʵ̫ȤˣȻ˸Ȥδ֪ҲҪһЩϲ
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ĴΪʲôˮľӡΪƷδҲ˼ֻ֣Ǵ˿ֵ˼ˮľǱصĺڰ׻ߵһѡ
ˮľ⣬ˮľûٴ˺Ҵ˼ֻҴԼԸ˳ˮһѶѡ
ʱˣ̫ãȥɣͰվ籾£Ҳûȥд档
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ҲֻһϷҴЩƲȤҲɱص۾е鷳ѡ

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һսս֮⻨ѵľԱսҪࡣ
鷳ǣЩСⲻУƽʱСìܣսʱصĴˡ
ӪģǴ˱ָϵͳɽкһɫĸȽ豸֮ߺͲƼϵĲö֮صǳˡ
սĴ߻仰һ㶼û˵ȻսɺܴƻпᵽսѹեǱܵĺ÷ʽ
ĸ磬ǿȽļ綼Ƿھµġ
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Ȼɽкһ鱨٣϶ǺϸģҪȻҲôһѡ
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ÿΪ̽ЩëƤС£æͷˡ
ڸԶзḻ飬ιӰ飬Щ鷳ѾԤơ
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齨һ׵飬ѵģǽ̴šһӦԽս
ǲӲ⣬ܻ֮ܿ仹Ϻȡ
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Ϊͬвϵʱй롣
һٶ˥ߡ
ս֮Щսһӵ˵϶İ

̽һƬ֮еʱ̴ЩԶСغҴʹ÷ִ֮ǰԼõļϵص㡣
ô˿ͷɣ˵Ҫ֦
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ҪǱ̫Ĳ¹˭ֻδ֪


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ˮľı岻ʵɱǳé®ҴܹᲢ۵ģ
ȫʢʱڵĴ裬ľҶƻʱ򣬽ƾơľɵòغҴ֣Ҳܹʹжѡ
Ǵˮ˿ɾͲ˼ôˡ
صľȻǿ󣬵ҲСĵò֮Ҳû̫Ϊˡ
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̽ս֮ǰһϸ֦ĩڵСȷһߣ˴̵ʱˡ

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һƵ鱨ֵʱ򣬹Ȼûʲô̴Ҳϣûжԡݡ߼ƽ̫ࡣ
̴֮ɳ̾ͳڻ֮һľҶЩµŻĶ顣
󲿷ֶȫߺֺĶЩ˲ƽսαװİɣ
ִǣȥĿȫһװ̽ôҲֹֻһ̾Աıʶô͵
ˣΪ׵Ĵ̡ʱ꣬Ҳס˴ݣֻһͷ˳ֱɢڼͷ
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뻮һľֹԺͬвС
Щô£
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̽ȻҲǱβĴ̴壬޷һЩʵСߴ̫֯Σյɱġ
мһķӡ̫Σգɵһٽ
̴Ը¶أҲҪμ̽ǳ׼ʱǲ˹Щġ
ΪӴʹߵľӭ߹ʱꡣ
Ȼʱ²˳٣ֱǰ̽פأ
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ʱ滺ЩɳƵɤЩ˲ľҶΪ̴̽ˣȻҪһЩ鷳һöӵλҪչƣʽ롰֯פؽˡ
ԭУ̽԰׾תŵĹһֱڱľأڣ˪֮ĵ»أѾ̽׼ȷĵص㡣
ӰѾһǰָӲｫҴǰ岿ӽӡ
˵еĸִˣź
ܻġ
Ȼо͸¶һ˿ϢļһЩףҲľҲͷǣʱӦòʲôŶԡ


941 ͻϮ
ָ֮̽ӲһӰᣬѾһʱˣӰٴۣΪ˽ƽϡָ𣬶Ϊ˹ͬս
ϴѪ𣬵ʱ򣬻ü޵ġ֯вȽҪ
̴Ӱλ֮ԭ״Եĸơ
̴Ӱ˳죬ͳǲܱȵġ
ȸ̴ֺڲì̴֮̾Ǹϵˡ
οǣ࣬
д󲿷ֱԵ＼սλ֮õľӵı֡
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ΨһЭǣɫȫڲںߺͷ羵̣ӵ̫ĽȻЩʲô£ֻҪӰָӣΪ岿ӶӳҲ̫ࡣ
ʵĬĬߣԹŰθڡ
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ѾἰⲿԼս֮⣬ɰ̿ɴ̽Ϯ׼λ
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ӰҲֳ˸ԸĴĿӰƾΪͳ˧ĿӰֵܲıĿӰҰֱָ̽սܶӳ
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սԶ֮Ѿܾûм̫ҩʦɫԽĲ԰ˡ
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ҲʼжˣҵҲжˡ
ȱͶսģѾ˺þõ̵Ļ壬ѡΪ˵ģľӡнսӡ

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ǧ׵ĸ߿գˮľҲ·һ˳˪֮ΧȥʱĹԡ
һӽ۲ߣ
Űϳɵͷ
ҵĳѾˣΪ̽ĺƽĥķóˡϣնͷ­Ҫ֮
İɣһ㹻ˡһκϣԶ봫ͻսӦǵһΣ£˲ߡ
ˣֻǿвֵء
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ѾˮľֹεҲͷʾ׼ˡ
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ˣһʼ˼ңûκ̵λҪԹźá
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Ҳ˲;ʱתɵĸ֪˫ֽӡȻ糱ˮһۣģʽҪ
ȥˣܻҪӦһ£ˮľȻ֧Ԯ
һеðˡ
ôһСӣӶ
ҲûӦˮľʣ־˺˾ͳҲļͷ
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942 ־
λֵʵȻҲһ˵ǹƥܹȵġ
ûľɽͨޣҲս½ֹһ
ڣѾ˹ؼʱ̣ҲȻܹõϵȫʹ
УˮľòץҲһӣȻֵҲһŻһ㣬صڵϣ˱һ㱡ǵıҲ㣬˵İܶС
ôȥ⣿
ջعͿ˲гһĻ
İɣģʽȽܿ
ܹסôԴǰǲûò

ˮľԶԡ
ϷѾʮˣɲܵĶԴ˵ֶΣһϹͷɳܲס
ҿһϰ׵ͳģǰİɣ
ʵǿʿȻ㣬׻ķΧ֮ڣ޷öֶԼ϶ԴҲֱ
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ΪʲôˮľҲѾ˼Ŀǰǿʿϣǿһǰķ޼᲻ݵƻ
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ܹˮľҲۺʵѾﵽزĳЩʱá
ˮľҲԹ˲Ͼʱսḻƾ֡
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á
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Ѷˮľ۶ٶȸ£͸ղҲһŻһµĴ󶯾ͬˮľԵö࣬ĻȥŻƿļХԭİĵܶռ䣬ֶһűĲ
ٶȹ۲ܵˮľҲںΧĽȴûֱ¶Ӱ
ǵĶܵͻȻϮ׼
ЩΣˮľеǣɲΪЩС¡
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Ҳ˻Խж϶Էˮƽ˿
֯Ҳʹý磬඼ֳɵͽӡıʲߣǳڱܵʹãˮľ˵ȽϺöԸ

صڳεļƣ֮ͻȻʧԭء
һ
ٴγֵİԲâֱӻҲǰĽĻǽеҲΧ
Ȼ
ˮľܻҪʣȻٹƴʩȴֱӱ顣
ڽ粢ֱ֮ɢͣĴɢݵĲûʲôƻܿҪˡ
Ϊɵˮľʵɵֲ˺ǲ֮ӹ⻷֮⣬ؿİŶݼףȽƵĽ֣Щ˵Ĺȫ޷һֱˮľС


943 һǹ
ӺնǰεߣϹʿУΪһ֡
εе֮ĻżɣȻ̫ߵż
ֻеĻУѧѾľֵ쾡¡
εҲк֣ܶģ϶ǾӺնˡ
ףǸʿģˣŪ£ʿһãҲ㹻ˡ
ȻеľҶľ˷ï뻯ĳ̶Ⱥѣմĳ̶ȶףȷʵֱָ֮ͨ;
עؾеľӺն֣ƽʱĺƽ״̬е֮أ˵ʱ˲İεնʯ֮俴Ƶ˵ץסᣬһƵУǾӺնľ衣
ʦţڸˣҪ侫裬ҲҪһЩԵ
ʵˮľܴ죬ȻǱУﵽĿǰĳ̶ȡ
ʱ򣬺͡ɽصҰܣһһ֪ܶ£ܹͻ
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һ㣬ǲɱ񲨶д۵ֶʵЩơ
Уõɮһ㳤ʱǱУҲַֻͼӰЧˡ
ڣˮľҲǰչʾԼС·ߣͱűԼ߻ҪĽϰʮĥǿǺֲ
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ļһٽĻ˲ٰ֮࣬ľҶˡ
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ԶЮųɫβ޲Ӱ֣òˮľйһ֮ԵβϺβ
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ֻǣתΪ˵ǰûԤơ
Ҳλתսʱ򣬶Ѿʼ˶β޲ʼӿһ͵ľ޹֣ȫβ޻ľģǰ
ѾҲˮľɫҲֻǴһ¾ͻָ
ǰ˵ǿУҲЩȻǲȫԸΪĶ֣
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ǰнڱθ֪һƬңԭΧĽѾƳڵ°еİ׾Ѿʧ˳Ųķ򣬿Էָ̽Ӳȥ
Ҫҵ˺ĳԱڵأǰȫβ޻˶༸ܿȥϮˣɾʹˡ
ԭԤеıԱԽֻ߲̽һԸȻսɱ⣬֯Ŀ겢ȡսʤɱʲôˣǲʣµβ޲ʮβ


944 Ĩ
ƫвȵء
ˣҪҪȽǸɵ
ֻҪˮľββȫβ޻ҲǶֻ֣۵ĲҲһ
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˵ʵôƵĻ壬Բһʱܹɹġ
ҲĵԾԾԣռݾƣֻҪٶ໨һʱ䣬ϺͺԲǶֻ֣ǡ
ͬϴμһҲӵֻ֮
Ҳ˵ܹʱͨ뿪
ǵģûҵ壬ɵ֮ǰսû壬ֻ˷ʱ䣡
ܹսپ֮ôܣ
ȫβ޻ֻ֮ҲǺöԸġ
ܲ÷ӡռ
еѣ鷳ǣòҲ൱ľͨӡĸ֡
㶼Щɵǻǻʵĸˡ̽ʲôʱͻȻð
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ˮľҡҡͷȻжԵȵĵˣӡܹ𵽵þʹۿˡ
ӡʵдΪͲдͻͽֻƾ֪ʶĻۻߴ
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ǾΣǸ˵ǵġ
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ˮǾ鷳˰
һֵ춨ӡĳȻ˲ٹףһһĻӰڸ˹âɲǺöԸˡ
֮Ҫҵ˵졭ףЩԣ
֪УһȽķͻȻʧˣûˮľӦԶмӡǴӸ֪ʧ
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¿ǰˮľŵˣ˷֮ĶĿӰǧ䶼ΪķǣôܱĨ
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ˮҲɣԣҲôͽӶسɹ
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ˮľʱռĻԣֻβ޾Ҳʵ
֮ڱš
ʲôǽ磿Χûж

ˮľٴθ֪һ£ؿʧ
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Ĩûа취
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Ҳġ
ˮľ֣صش
Ǿ鷳ˣ
ܹĨʱռǣӡȻҲڻ¡
ӡ鷳ˡ


945 а
ܾ֮ǰˮľ˪֮ؼطΪڶʱռǣΪԷһ˼ĵط
ûķ߾ͨӡĸ֣Ҫҵס
ĨʱռǺѣڷֱ֮ڸý壬ҲǲӦԷ
ǣʱռǱֱǳˮľԤơ

˪֮֮Ĺһеĵɮˣջ˰ڵϵ˫֡
ׯϣһõɮģͻɢϢ롣
ԶһɫͷŮӣɮ˴֮Ÿ֪еһλȥ
ʰõɮƵظں档
ָУӡķôϬңЧҲôߡ
ˮڲ˵ʱɣû뵽δ֮󣬻ķʽطꡣ
תǵĿĽû뵽Ȼϣϡ
ܹʬ⾡м壬о͵ˡ
ľҶ漰ڣ俪߾ûвˮܹɵġ
ȻԻת˽⣬ҼʮķչʼģѾ˲СĲ𣬵䱾ʣˮǲϴġ
Ȼ֪Ϊʲôֽж
ǷָУΪʲôҪΪŰЩһԲǺ˰ɣǴ˵еֻۣӦҲĽǵ̽ס
߿ˣ
ţΨһһûľҶͷӡһֻβ޵ĵõɮƳ޷ĨʱռǶô֣ôᱻ©ôĽƣ
ҩʦȻ˻תû̶ܹȵر־ʹûܹ޶ȵطӳǰʵҲкܴķյġ
ӵкܴȨĻ壬ŵĿҲӣǻĺڰһ̲ͣؽǲֻ֮ҲĥһвܿƵĲӦνʧˡ
ˮ˿÷ָķӡȷе˵ƳӡҲǺԵɡ
ֹֻ̽ɰǧǲ߷β֮ǰץסһβ
仰˵̽ؽʱɰ˴ʲôôû̵Ψһָɰ̵һβغףɰ
Ҳѹ֣ɰعϡûʲô߼壬һһ֮ƽ߻ʵ̴ʵƴĻǸ̴߼ʵ
Ǹʱɰ壬̴ܹ֮һѾǲˣȻ̫ࡣ
ΪˣָȻԣɰ嶼û֪ˣˮɮ˻бȽصķġ
ʱָž޲ѵ¶һ˿ź
֮Ȼżᶨ־ҲΪУ޷ʹá
ɮóƳӡʵΪǶԷӡжôһָ϶ԶԶˮġ
ɮƳӡҲԷӡΪľиЧ
õɮһ㶼мΪӴľ̫ƫģóģʵƽ뾫񲨶зӡԵһβغײ÷ָûа취
ɮ˵һһЩɮаΪ̽ƽԹع龻Իֻػ߳ɷ
ԣżҲһЩɮֶҡײƭԻȡ
̽磬ȻףҲкܶɵʢ˥
ӡǣƽ棬ķӡķޱȣһ̨Чʼߡתȴڵص׵ˮһ
ˮƳǾҪҵڵµˮãȻоתԭСؽƻֹͣת
ָô鷳ֻҪ֪ʱռǵλãȻԼһ̨ǿֱӽˮõˮתĲͣɱ飬ˮó޷תڲƻ
ԣɮƳӡҪ֪ӡʲôֻҪǲ߾񲨶ƽʧЧ࣬ȫӲǵĶ֡
Ȼˣӡ̫ԵΪɮˣҲһ㡣
ָֿɮˣǡǡǷӡУӡûܹסġ
Ψһ޷Լֻñ˽£ԼȴܵĹá
Ļתָûа취ģܲܽԼ굱Σ˵Ļɢˡ
ˮֻҪԸ⣬ӦܹΪŶԣ㲻ܹתع龻ҲܹЩɵļһĿƣȻʲôʵЩѽ⡣


946 
ָʣѾ˺þˣ̲סʳ
ˮͷҲأȻŵǰУò
̫ˣȻǸ˿ԽҴӾٻȻпƵİ취ֻ۵ôװѵġ
ô鷳
м֡
ˮҡҡͷ
˵УлҰѵھô꣬νõɮľѾûˣ
Ӻ˵𣿡
ɮ˲˶£Ҫ˵ҷʩߣʲô
ˮĻ÷ָһ£
ȻֹЩΣ̽ļһԡԡ
ƺʶʲôķָȥ
ˣ
ˮ޵ؿǲҩʦķԶǧ֮ӦòɶΣյ˵ѹơ
񡢶ŵ˲ʸۣˣ
ǰ
ָ̾һ
ֻɼĿܣûа취ƿԼ塣
˭ó̽һǰδĴսѾʼˣΪӡƷɱﵣ˿϶Ҫǣ֮ߵ磬ǲǺʣĺ˵
̽ôҲҪţⱾġ
ˮ˵
ʲô飬Ļǲ̫ģ
ܵƵĻӵ־꣬ȫͬ
ǰȻʶֻйĹߣ߾ȫͬˣҪжĺ뷴ɵġ
ѾˣɢĿԼûУûбҪĻ統һԹߣؿ̽ı仯ͺá
ˮ̬ȣ÷ָҲЩп
һӣǿһԴع龻ʱˡˮôܹ̽Ȼ
̽绹Ҫ˶ܹǾ˰ɡֻ̽Ĺͣδ˵ģǻŵߡҿ˼ʮĴӣһضˣҲ̫ʧˡ
м屻֮Ȼһܹȵġ
ðɣԺ󱲻ġɰͲԶˣ˵еֹֻۣͣģ̲ס
Ϊʵе
ȻҲˮֻ۱Ĺ²˽⣬ʮβûж׼֪еĺĻҲôˡ
ָЩĵʵ
ľȫܲˣô죿
УȻҲ˶ѡ
ˮѵõ̾һ
Եߵ磬ĪӵùԵһΪ롮Եȱһɣ򲻳ɹԵԹ֪Щû͸˵ͦ£ʵҿһ仰ѡֻҪԸܡҵ֮Եɵĺһжν
㿴һõɮ
ùö࣬öѣһУĪˣ
˼ˡܲܰѿ˵ûмֵɡ
ָˡ
˵ǼȻ䣬ȻҪǵĵطȴһ̵ˡ
Ӧò̫Զ
ˮ϶˵
ָΪ˽ˮľķӡʵԲЩƼ򵥵ʱռǵжôԶԸ
ЩмӰӣǶǣû˴еķӡ׻߳һ·
˵ףмķӡȻ漰ķ漫࣬е룬Ҳƫбġ
ԲоΪʱռ򣬺Ƚϣȴ㲻϶⡣
мķӡȱ͵Ӧòֻܹʩչʬ⾡ԼЩĹˡ
̵ķָʱɫͻȻһǰ·ˮĶҲӲӦǲĻо˵ĽӴѹƵȣˮͷָϢ
˵ĿܣȻô໰̽δѾҪĵˣΪϾҪӭսˡ
﷭
ھߴ˹
ñҪ顣
ǲʮβǲΪߵļֵӵֻҲһûиıĻֵʵ
ûھĳǲƽ˵
ҵʣµλãȻһٽһβʧˡ
˵꣬ʹʧ

˪֮ˮľ֮յؽβըĳɵεؿűһӵĶ㡣
ǰҲĽֵܹβ񣬵ȫûбҪֳֺõ顣


947 
һ죬սȻḻҲǵһβޡ
ġɽأȻսһβ޻ҪǿԵȴҪβѷɫٵġ
ɽ˼ɵǼûԼƶһľ綾
ҲǼϲҪβǶʿеıܡ
ͳ֮ʿľ˷ïĽбʵĲͬ
ȻҲн൱ǵĿ껹ȡʤ
ʿȴӽΪʱΪеļ֣ʤĿԸ⸶Լ
ߺЩһľԴ
֪ͨʿھҲûеġ
һǡǡ޷ֵġ
òһʿ˶·ļ֣ҲǴʿˡ
̽Ψһʿ֮һֱŹŰ嵽̱ʿͳ
ȻҲýͿޡ｣Լ̾ߵʹʵҲĥȻҲоУ֧ǲ
ʿִͬʿȻҲʹòԼ͵־עķУһ֣йеͼǿ־ӳߡ
çײˣǿУ̲סһԼʵ
βֱӹȻһնƣɢβ˲䱬ըйĳµġ
ˮľļʱȣҲǺˣϵǱˣϵĳ˵һѾˣѵһǷɽգһѪߣ˳ԺĳҲһơ
ϳױϵĳҲʹϧ
ҼʮĻ飬ߵ˾ͷʵ̫ϧˡ
û˽ʿǻʿô
ˮľЩεʵ
ǰбôʲôģڿɲǸʱ򡭡
󲿷ߣӲҪ󲢲ôߣʿûгֵģʵ½һء
ģ̽ʷĴսôܲ׼
Ͻضһߣóһᣬ̯֮ҧָھϵķϡ
ʮĳôˣ
ͷҲ̧ŲĲעھϡ
۶ϵĳѾˣ޸ѾĻˣʿ֮սĪҫҪν
ðɣʿߵļֵȷʵе󣬲û⣬ദþˣȷʵеЩ֡
ЩС£˾ʿ죬Ȼʩչʵˮľ۾
Ȼֻõʩչ˼򵥵ĵͨ飬Ҳǲҵ˰ɣ
ȻִͳʿҲܵߵӰ졣
Ƭ֮һհѵмȫɫĻ󳤽ˮľǰ
ʽɱ¾ʱˮľע
ˮľУѽɲô򵥵ģӽɢĴɱŨκʵɱ¾֮ýǰˮľеʡ
ѽ򵥣ʲô
ꡭ
𳤽һĿⶼϵһâǰĵһĽƾճ֡
۹⻹ѽ֮ؽഫϹʱ·Ƶ࣬Ϊ˺͸ʳò֮𷴿ѽѪϴľ񽣣˵еӢǣֳִնɱħ񡣡
ǻ
ˮľװ̾
Ƕǵ񻰴˵мʵ˭Ҳ˵׼
ѽȷʵ˵֮ζԴļ֮⣬ϱɱ¾ȷʵ˲Ŀ
ߵʷֻǧ꣬ʷɲֻô
Ȼ׷ʷ궼Ƚ׼ȷģһ궼ûС
սң̽ûʷԡ
Ϊ̽翴صȺ׻Щˡ
Զһ˵ֵֻβ޵ҲҲԹȫ棬֮£ͻȻβ޲ɵĴ֣״ˮľץ˹
겻ɢ
ʵǿֻȫβ޵Ķ֣й˼ɡ
βӵеβӵ޵Ȼֱսһ㣬ӵֻ۸ݵ̫׳⡣
ԶսƱҪЩͷƴս档
Щ֮ĹʵϺֶܶЧá
һֱҲûˮľҲЩżԥǲҪһЩƣʱˮľȻǰâķ籩Χβ޲ֺ͵ؽʳƬ
Ư
ˮľ̲ס̾
൱Ŀ


948 
ʿչȻЩŵһѺʵȷʵ˹Ŀ࿴ѹܹһɽصĻܡ
ҲСϾʮˣʱ廹ǲԶˡ
ǿĽʹùҲòͣϢˮľٴǰΪʿȡʱ䡣
ȥǰ취ӵ޲Ĳ֮ǿɶѪ֮ôȥǺܲ
ЩʵǿļһѾǷ㣬Ŀǰ̽Ľ˲öԸ
Ҫ˲ߣ֮սʿоһֳʤ
ߵֶζֶʵĶ֣սѿٷֳʤ
ʵһֽŵҲ˵ˮľľ䷶Χʼӡ׼Χ
ˮľҪʼˣɵǵ
ˮľͷʱȷʵ˷ʱʱ
ǰߵսֲʣƵսѾʼˣˮľ鱨ʱʱ̶ܼ̿Ӿ󲿷ս
׾Ȼ˶ڣҺηѵص̽ǰǲġ
׾ʵǿͣʵ̫ˣ󲿷սһ㡣
̽սõģйоص̡
Ƿػǽ뻮һĹսϵƿʱֵ쾡¡
Ǿʵ㡢ŽǿľҶ嶼ǵߴ塣
̵̾ӢĵڶšսϾǰһ֮£ı־ͷƿɳˡ
ʧصģľĵӣȻСӵĸʵǿ̵ĻĹ֮£ʵ⡣
ЩˮľȻ鲻˳Ҳ̫ǣһԤС
ˮľĵģûжǲ
һȻ޷Ԥϣ϶ʣµ¶λ֮ж
ǲ̽սɣҪеβ޲ʮβ
ڣˮľҪһߴ̽֯ʣµĳԱڣͬʱҲҪ⣬ⷢص¹ʡ
ˮľ֮£Ҳǽ׼ˡ
ɷݡȪӡ
־˺˵İ£յȻĴɷǿ£޴ؽֻȻȫУβ޳صǿסˡ
޷ƶߣڱӡ
ˮľҲ˫ſգɫ｣һһҳˮľ֡
ע룬ɫ｣ķɫ
⻹ǽˮľݵ룬ԭɫ｣˹֮ɫ
Ǻɫȴ͸ŶǵĹâýߵҲ˺־˶Щɵ
ݡӦǰɣز¶ļһһμҪǿˡ
ЩοսʵǿȻǺ£ʵ̫죬ܻᵣǲʲô
ɷݡ｣
ˮľ̻裬｣ֻβ޷ֱ
ת｣ķУûзеٶȿ죬ڿֲƴݵȫβ޻ǰʱ򣬹Ѿһˡ
ӴβûзӦͱˮľɷС
｣βڣһ籡ŲĴڡ
ţɷͣٵβڱըǿĳβ˺飬ɢɫβ޲Ȼʧ
βϵǱը䣬ۿʱɥʧսˡ
βûô⣬｣ִʱǰͻȻһԵɷݡ｣תȻոɾ
һж䶨֮󣬴ߣһѾ޴״źڵ׺۵Ӱβͷ
ǡ֯죬һȡȻǲйϵ
ǲ崫жı˵ǲϵȶйϵ
ΪĿӰԳնĵӣҲЩҲһЩмͼףû뵽Ȼʵ
ǰ֯Գǲߣһ޷ȷϣֳǰʧǲıһ㲻ǲߣҲ˵Ĺϵ
öӡˮľɷǲüͷɷȻ̫ЩӦʱڲ̫ɷԼҪܵӰˡ
ˣɷһ˿ϤԼЩɵҲѡ
ݣ


949 
ӵֻ۵ǲ϶İȻоЩɬȷʵûд
һˣǲתۿ˱βϵĻĵ
ȻԭӦ𽥻ָ壬ûиԭļĴƮɢĳһֵֹ˻ָԭ״ơ
鷳ˣѡˣ
ǲЩգƽʱȻ㹻ʱˮľݵӰ죬սУʱ飿
ֱսǿֻظȴٻ֮ٴ޸
ñٻʩչķҲ̫ʡ
֮ͬʱܹõֻһ֣ķǿսΪ˹ͬʱʹõ㡣
ǿı彫ʵԲ̫õϣòʧ
ο滢Ҳ̫ǲ㹻ʱݰš
޵ֱܹͨеĻɱΪֲΪĴΧɱǲ޵
ָԸˮľķ֮ӳֵĳǿĵˣʵûʲôЧû뵽ֱӸָֹֻݡ
һɲףһҪҩʦİæ
̽սѾʼˣʱǿսѾˣֻܽһŴȥΣͿ˫˭ĵƹˡ
ڣ̽ʱȰͷˮľ䲻ݣõβʱ˳
һֱѰҲڻָƢԻ𱬵־ȳ֡
ɷɰ
һƬɰӿڳ³ķйЮųǲβķȥ
ɷֱ˺ͨȻֻʱβĻǲжҪãҵ˵ߡ
ˣ̺ɰܸϵ˵ĸ֪
һ൱ʵõĸ
ˮľȻץӴβͷ˹ȥԼһ˲ڱըβϵĻ帽˫ֽӡȻ鰴棬һӡ˳ŵӣƮɢĻ֡
ְɣݵĿɱ꣡
֮Уˮľʱ֮صϷ˯Խʱյڴ˵أԭĻƬ׻ɢһõˮľǰǺˮľйһ֮Եϡ
ѹ㣬ҪСһ㣬û뵽رɵҲѹ֣һֻ۵Ķֲ֣֮ӡ
ƵûоԵĻǰѷãķӡβ޲޵ҲӲ
ȻʵҲ˶ѡ
¶ûʶϵ꣬ˮľٻһõСգʧ̽硣
ƺоһҪ걻ᣬʱ㲻ͻȻۡ
ΪҲϷ˯Ѿʧռ϶壬һɿµѹɨֳ֮󣬻ǽʧ
ȻʹûתþĲңڳԺڡߵģѾյϷ˯磬ֻṩһͨĶλ꣬ôףֲҡ
Ȼ粻ӭԼˮľҲٿǿߵҲѹ
βϵϵˣһʾʩչתҩʦˡ
еˮľͻȻ̧ͷԶ˳ϵϵԼ̽׷ѰˮľҵҪɵĵ֡

֮һǣһصĵ³Ѩ֮ڣҩʦͻȻеһͻȻϵĪѹȸȻ˲ʧ
ֵʱĲҩʦע
һӱɵˣϧղŵĸо˴вУܰɡ
̽һ£ȴͷҩʦֻý˼ĵϡ
ԶרΪѰҵˣϴ춹ڵص̽Ǳ鲿ӣȻսʵҪҵҩʦ
ΪǰľҶߣĲ£ΪľҶΣʵ̫ˣһǻתʵ̫Σˡ
ȻҩʦĴλ²⣬ҵ׼ȷڵҲס
սʼ֮ǰͿʼжǱ鲿ӣ󲿷ֳԱʵ̫ǿϴ춹ȻսҲ㲻ö⡣
ΪҩʦǰľҶߣǱ첿ӵĸ߲ľҶߡ
ʱϴ춹ԭʮɺϵҵҩʦĲ֮ͬеĻͬΪľҶߵŮĲ¼ˡ


950 սѡ
ٲֶԱսȽ֮⣬ǱСӵ˴󲿷ֶǾ֪ͨΧߣҪսʵҲòǣֻҪҵ˵ķλȻ֪ͨʵˣǵɡ
ҩʦɲôúŪĶ֣ӵģʽͲдۣϻ縺޵ʹļһɲ㼸˾ͿԶԸģ¿ΪΣա
ڣϴ춹ǱСӣͲ֪˼ʵǿߵĻİΧ

־˵ţʱ㲻˵սǲڴˮľݸ壬ͻȻƿٶҪӦʱӭһĽâͷն¡
ЩԾǲƫͷŬضѸݵĽͽͻϮͬʱͲд۵ͫҲ䲻ݷתŬ˶˺
âӹǲͷ­˳ұ߼һƺûĿꡣ
˴ǲ黯壬صնβͷ­ϣһ޴ĽǱѵĽâն飬ߵͷ­ҳһӡ
ܴشβĻδάסȫβ޻ս̬Ĵ󲿷ֻɫΪѲɢڿС
ֻһֻβ޻״̬β͹ʹ
оЩǲٴʹʧٴγֵʱ򣬳ڶ״̬βߣͬʱ޵ͨĻ˷ɢ䣬ֹ˵Ķιͼͻɱ
ڰ޴ۿҪըʱһĳ״ͻɰϣȻѸٵ˻ȥ
ȻģҲͷˡ
ľɽսնͷΪԶ빥˵ֶΣľɽʳͷҲԵıʹã˾Ȼ
ȻҲǾδ
գһͱըɳˡ
ۿŵĻȴΪľɲһˡ
˿治öԸһСľҪɵˡ
ţɹˣϲ˵ʮָһָҲɣҲƴģܴ⣡
ѾͳſսһҲȻֻ֪۵жô£ֻǸɵһܣʵǿĿٻ
ȻΪǿҲѵõһλˡ
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ڣˮľ˵ŶսѡǲҪǲͻˮľЩԥ
пܣľܸ߰ãϣ̽ǿͻϮսӾ˵˵죬ôҲĶӡ
̴ӰӦϣˮľҲֻǰѡ
֪еҩʦҲˮľԸĵ֣ôŲܣҲãֻ취ˡ
֮ϴ춹ҩʦǺԶһ£ѾõӰͻȻ۾ˮľֱƹܻתʵ
Ϊ˱ΪʩչɵľȾܿ˼е̽¶ˣڣڵóʱˡ
ظ̾Ȼ˫ֳŵأתͨĹԸ֣һ߾ƾճ֣ˮľҩʦļսƷ壬ԼԼʩչתͨλȴӰǡ
ҩʦʱܷβܣôҪ㹻ҩʦķӣΪΪȻܹɳģȻҲߡ
⣬ϴ춹ҲܾôˣЩ£ȻʵرǿҲѵõĺˡ
βȡĿӰ־Ųءףĸȥ̽һ£Ҫҩʦˣ
˫ֽӡĸ۾¶˺ۿ
Ѿʱô
оֻһ˲䣬־Ųٴ۾ʱ򣬾͵ֵĵط
ǣӦҪǵ
ʽˣ
ͷش
ͷȥԸ϶֣ҩʦӦòİɣ
ӣҪҷһľҶôͱˡ
ڵҩʦɲǵǸ޹ؽҪСˣ̳˴ŲͲд۵ģʽӦҲģˣҪСġ
รû뵽֮⣬ּ˵ļһܹ̳дʵҲѵõ˲ˣһ˿ϧˣ
ѾľҶļһڣҲβôȤˡ
ȥɡˣġ֯д齨Ķ飬˳ֽǽһ£
ҵβûʰɾֹȻЩ֮ʡ
սʼˣôҲǲս
˭ͷ죿ȻЩļһҲӹ٣
ϴ춹
ĵӣĻʵ˵㣡
Ը־ͲˣͳˣҪ¶ݣ
Ϊ˸裬ϴ춹ϵӡʱ˳ֲصʱռӦ֮⣬ϾڼУҵˮľһֱɵҩʦ


951 ʱ֧Ԯ
һսǽȶǲβĻջأȻʹսٴγֵʱѾ֮߾
Զ׾ں̽ս
֮սҶ̫ˣһĿܵʱֱӽȻս˫Ѹ
ĵһߣսʬѾѵúܸˣʬѳɵϣ˲ǰ档
׳ۣ̽սûôˡ
ھżݱչĵĴ̽ս
ǰ̽սûȫһսʱ򣬾һ̽սУ϶ս̽ľҶ壬ΪĿӰԳն˳ᢵĹͣҲһսʤǸƣֻһսѡ
ǲûھĻַ˷ұߵļ
ףˣ
ھװȵı飬ƺûľ⡣
׼ãûսҲˣβԼˡ㵽вУ
ûʲô󰭣һͺˣ
ֳȫһռĳ̶ˣǲȻʹ黯Ȼûȫе˺־˺ݻҪ鷳ߺôȽϤǰȫֻܿʱĥˡ
ǲȽᣬֲֻ۵ʱ䲻ټа׾ϸṩĴʱƣͻԶȬ
㣬ظλܵ˺һʱҲȵء
ʣµûҵ
̽Ҳǳסսʼ֮ԸŽϴʧתˣתҲҪڵزǽǿͶս
Ҫż׾ЩӲҪصˣϾͻ׼ȷϢ㻹Ǻúôܽβ޲Ū֣
㲻һ١ٶѣһǾԲʧܵģ
ʮǰĴĿӰʱҲô˵ģҲǹһ񣿡
һΣҲûʧܣֻǼƻƳʮ꣬Ҳü
ðɣҲֻܿˡ
αװǲߵ־ĺھѾٵһλˣһ˵ʲôܷŹ

ľ쵼ĵӣӭս̵ĻѾܾˣȻ¶Ǹʵǿߣڲ֮ǿǰЩ޴롣
˼ɵģǶ۵ĳߡͨҰ˺ͳĳߡ裬˵ʵǿΣؼǲ֮Ϊһû֣˼ɵؽԼ嵱ƷɱС
ǰ̵Ĭļ飬ɱ飬ͬݵǡ
ڴսϣֱ˵Գľʵǿ󣬵ľ֧ؿǰ֧ԮȻûܹŤתơ
սƵʱָķӡ߻ȡӡֱǿѡ
ؿʱԮ֮⣬֮󣬻ٵǲԼˮľǧ活һֻӡСӣѡȡĶսͻķӡߡ
ǲԭһΪؼĽĻǧ活îϦʱҽƺڲӲ壬Ϊǰ߳Խò֧ԮСӡ
ֻн˻ܣܹӡܽҲ̸Ϸӡˡ
ӡ׼ĵһĿ꣬ɽΪǰ޼ӵߣΪڻڸԲû
Ȼӵ̷ǧҲҷʨ֮ͷһ㡣
䵥Ĵͷõİӡ
һʱ䣬СЩѾؿģʽ֮󣬻׹Ϻɫ̵Ļ죬ʾѪ޽
ȥӡ
䣬ϺɫӰͻһ⣬жٻɽ˹ȥ
ʶΣյɽͷ쳤СϮķͻ
ֻʣսܵļһ̫͹Сʵ
̵Ϊ˵еЧӳֹͨͷʵڲѪ޽Ķ֣ոտѩˮһʧ
ɽҪܵʱѾˣϺɫ׹⻮ĵطֱʧʣ°ͷ­СƬڵϣϹķӡСӿٷӡ
һˡ
һСͶһû̵֮һ¡
Ѿˮľɱ˵Ĺˮµĸ磬ʮУ츳̵ӵߣֻϧӢš
񲻺öԸСģ
ûƾһʵĻ¶ѶԸĸ֡


952 
Сŷӡ֧Ԯӵʱ򣬺ľϵǲѵܹؿľĸ֡
׵ӵ̵ΨһŮԣŵ׶ߣٶȺܿ죬ɱ¾Чʼߣ׶뼼ɽϵ൱ģ̽ӣûмܹٶȡ
죬˶֣ǲ׶ϵ츳㡣
ԭиӾ׶ݵǲѻܵĶ֡
ó򱻵˳ѹսĽ־ͺܺԤˡ
ޱ̽սûȤתܹͨΥսļ飬Ҳ൱顣
ǲ˸׵ԵĳûʱԭӦܹٻָĲ֮쳣
ôܣ
ֻ̽磬ȻܵһɴͷΣС
ⲻͨ׶ݣ
ǲŵĻᣬػųն飬Ȼһ״׵ڻ׷ɵڣƬ֮һжƽ
ͼ̽İߣɢ³
ٴλع龻ҲǺܺõѡ񣬵ɢ˾飬ʹ˳ʧ̽磬ǸԽܵ顣
ʶԼµͲд۵ͫĳͽԣеǲƺЩԼжô£ܻоôĳ
㰲ߵߣͫ׾ǵС
ǿնɱǲսӡսƽȣɽ䲻ظɵʵǿľ֧һԱսҲôģȫû˼
෴ľؿֵսȴ
ĭʹߡѾ˺ս񣬵ӡڲǲٽӽּն
ȻͨҰ˺ķȥľؿ׷ˣٴǿΧ׷½أҲûʲôˡ
ҵٲնʵȻҲǿһûն״󵶣ٲնóǰɱô˵սϣʵڷӲʵ
ҵٲնǿӵҲûĳߣһ˴򲻹ϣ˻Уʮܹ˰ɣ
̽ʵ޼Ȱθ֮ǰҪ˵ҵٲնľҲͳ뾭ḻʮ̺ر̰Χ֮УӸƲȷѡ񣬻Ҫֵܹס
ѾǵĴսʱˣͣǰʵҵٲնȷʵЩˡ
ƾŻ岻֮Լ޵ƣ֧ţѾΪˣҪǰ֧ԮˮСǣҵٲնް취

ڶ֧Ԯ֮£ԭЩΣյս֣Ťתļ
ָȫֵָӲģˮľҲ˿ٸɵЩɧŵĻͷתϣϽҩʦɵ
ܹϵǲߵĻһЩֽŵĻ˵ӷԼҪ
Ȼһѡ
ҪɱҩʦһҲҪע⣬תΪʩ
ûҵǲߵĻ£óȻɱҩʦֱܿ̽Ļְѿơ
¹ʣƺܻ鷳
ֻǲвѾֵļҩʦƵĻ壬˼ɵģľҶľ˷ïԼ֯ǰԱϴ
ʹҩʦнתôҪҪֽЩ©֮һһӡľ˷ïֻãҪõϴɽ־ܣֱΡ
Ҫǰǲô
ΪԼѵõĴƣڹؼʱ̣ˮľ飬Ǿֵʮβ
ÿȡһʮβĲͻһʤ㡣
ƻܸϲϱ仯ѵѡҲòȡᣬʱȨ׾ʮҪˡ
ɵҩʦܸЧʣǿĵˡǲܻѿƣĻ壬ˣҩʦıԼ̫ˡ
ԭҪǿ̫ҩʦˮľɳļܸɵģĿǰҲֻʱǣƵá
ҪҪ֡
ˮľڶǵãһμҩʦͲд۵ʱ̬Ԥڵķ֮С
δ֪Ŀ־壬ԶǿҪöࡣ
ˮľٴͶľԵǲĻΧҩʦУˮľҲص֮ٴγ
ЩҲģʽܹʱҲԶˮľô̫Ƶļսʣ˺־˵İæҲһ


953 ̽
˶ˮľһս΢΢ֻҪ;ϣս̽˵С
οڶķԼϷ˯ʱ޿̵֧Ԯ൱֮Ϊ֧Լս
ˮľû뿪ָ̽ӲǺܾȵط֣λڵûбȦھ޹굺Ǿ̽󷽵ҽƺڲš
ûϵ
޹굺ʩȫٷҵս𲻵֮ãͽ̴ӰƤӵ¶ץߣ۲̽ﶼû塣
Ȼػش
Ϊҽƺڲӵ죬ڸֵӵͷƽʱ䲻ɽ¶ˮȷʵһʵҽߣ쵼ҲϾӰôˣôҲǼʶ㡣
ܹôһִ̯þɲһܹģȻľҶΪҲ̴óҽæ
ǰԴԴϵԱ͵ˮľж̾봫ͽ˺ܴã˻ҽ;Ϊǿ󲻼ʱ
սǿжߣҽưõ
һʼԱȽ٣˵Σճ̶Ȳߣ֤࣬սѾȻˡ
һԱٴμ٣пսռţ߽٣һֿʵǾ̫ңʼߣûлὫ͵󷽰á
ڵһߵǣҲֻܴ鱨Աɫжǲ
Ϊά֮һҰӣҲأһֱܲҽƺڲӵĽҲҪʱʱάȻҲܼСӣҪæΪֵĹŵӣеҽȾҪࡣ
ʱ䵱ҽƺڲӻĺСӣ׽ææµµûˡ
ţǲǱˣ
βһ䣬Ĵ󲿷˶죬޷ش˵⡣
βܽҲ˺ʹ١
Ψһḻľǰβˡ
ˣͲˣֶҪѹģû̴Ӱôһ
һʲô˼
ͷ۵ļ±
ˣܸ֪ɡʲôǲѹʲôģҲֻͣҪ֪һ㣬ﶼģ
𣿡
Щ¶
ԭΪʵӦúúñֲŶԣû뵽ŬԼȴֻܴ
֮б˶Ը˵ǿУ͵Ǵֵʱˡ

صͷ
ҲĨһѶͷĺˮҺȻʵӲ̫ʹڻһúŪˡ
ڰݲݴһˮľ֮Ҳĵ뿪ˡ
ٴγֵˮľѾ֮ԶǴĴӶϴ춹
ˮľɳĻתҲ˶֡
ǿбǱСӴ󲿷ֶܹȻˡ
ǲǷ˺󷽵쳣ЩСѾҪˡ
ˮľעѾ˼Եļ档
޽ȾɳȻɫŮߣɰ̵Ѫ޽硪ƶݵʹߡҶ֡
ӵĿʦǺˮľйɰ̳ǧ
ӵзĵϴ׼׷ϴ춹ƺ˵ˮľòͣ
и߮׼ʱһľҶľ˷ï
ó׶ݵĿӰ
ݣβȣĿӰ׺ŲҲֻʱǣסǲİǿάŲսܡ
֮֮սʵЩȤҩʦûпƻֶΣǳƷ֣ܴӸԴƻˮľʽһ̸ף
ʵռƣҲ
ˮľȻǰСС֡
̽òˣôãʵ׵ʲô̶ȣ
ҩʦǿǿҲмޣˮľģǽƿеıǶȷΣĵˡ
һ÷֮Ѹսģʽչ۶ݲģʽ֡
ɷ۶ݡǧ
ðĳɫ򣬱ȾϺɫ֮˷ɢ䣬һᣬΧͱ±ɷ֮ء
ΪҲʱ˵أ˲֮Ļ壬ҲֻѪ֮ҩʦĵˡ
ȻˮľƵ޴ҩʦȻҽгڵĶñۻմȾҽĻ硣
漴ϴľܽסҩʦ̶ٰθߣˡ
˲ɣˮľǰһ㶼ûб䣡
ҩʦɳƵӰƮˮľĶ䡣
ĿһʹнѰɡ


954 
ҩʦϴ£ˮľûпǹ
ֻҪʹǰǣͿԼ̣
ô׵飿
ԭһǿľ飬ˮľֻ뽫ԴԼ·ѡ
һػƢѾǸ޻֮ˡ
ǰȻѾ˻ֵȻߡ
ˮľ˫ֽӡһڵʯҽţһƬʯĴ֣ĿӰ־ŲءסȺǲȻվɭֵĶˣⱻҽûһܵӵв֮ǣͲںһ㣬ֻҪţһһ㶼ν
ţˮľ·ҽ
Сҵĸ֪СֶҲóۡ
ˮľһĿӰѪ޽硪Ŷݷɰһö޴׶·Һֱ¡
Ȼ·ҺͻȻһŽɫĽ飬סɰ׶ʽƲӲӵɰ
ĴĿӰɰ
ˮľһȻͲ·쳣û뵽ˡ
Ұޱһβغ׵ʱˮľľҶСǰȥԮҩʦµĻսʱɰĻ弸Ҫ䵽ˮľˣҩʦֱӽɰĻתعڤ
˵ͬһ˲ܹͨԼĶٴνԼϵǻתֽʩչҪΪϿһʧ׼ʧܵĿܡ
ôģ
ҩʦԴش
ˮľǰǻۣӦòѲµŶԡϧǱĪĵ¹Ҫʹ֣̽ûܹѵǵĴˡϧ
ˮľĬȻ
ȷʵתѵһǺ;꽨ϵֻͨҪ굽֣Ȩ˭Ϳ˭ֶθˡ
ҩʦӦòٻɰˣԽ˵
豻ʬ⾡ӡʩչȻԽҩʦɻתԼʩչͨ
ⲢȫΣվһʱûֳʼնǴڵġ
ƭջǿпƣˮľ˵һϰ˼άʽȻֿųˡ
ҩʦҵһʩչܣʵ̫ˡ
ȻΪ˲ٻ£Ķ˱ֱЩ˰
׼ĻҲҪֵġ
һӵĴʮѵãȻŻ¶εˣҲ
òһŵ㱻ˮľǰϿˣ
ҩʦЦ
ĴĿӰĿӰһ£ɰǽɰ»ƻɰҪһɣ
ҩʦĻһööɰԲʯɭվŵļ˹˹
ɰصöĽɰٶȼʱĳͨSֱ˺Ҫߣǰ޻תֱ֮ӱҶϣȴ˿ûмơ
ĿӰӭ涥ϵɶҲһ飬żнɰ򱻴飬ɢСһĽɰٶȸ죬ըһը֮󣬱ӿµĿ
ĻתòôϸĲܿ磡
ֹ˰ˮľǰ
ųĻĿӰ˷ѵض㿪һöɰڷɢʱͻȻڲһĽ⻮ɳȻĿӰͷ롣
â𶯣ĿӰĻֱӻȻƮ䡢̶ʧ
µĽâֱƻ˻еķӡʽ
һնɱ֮Ļ壬ľҶõ
ӦÿԣܸɵɽصĻ壬ʵʤһľ˷ïӦҲܹ
ҩʦ÷ƵľҶӦüѷӳȫʵ־ȱеķâеɱ֮ѷԻӦûôͼӰЧ
ĿӰһʵЩˮľϡ
ľ˷ïĻ屾Ǿ飬˵
ˮľ˫һУüͷϸ˿µľ˷ïеĳ
ԭˣ
ľİѾתľ˷ïԭҲֻͨսƺ˲ͬ
ϸӶԣ£ĿӰǧĴĿӰˮžϷӡʱռʹ÷֮
÷ӡơħЧѰһЩĳ˵ܣˮľԼʩչһ
ˮľûҪԼҲûе񽳡Ĵ㣬ԳȷбҪ֮⣬飬żΪ֮һЩ͵ġлʱӵȵȣ͸Сӣͽǧżתĵĵ֮⣬Ϊʹ͵֮ͽ
飬ʵףʩչʽߵķӡҪ󼫸ߣˣһҲĵ飬æо̽İض֡ߡһĶҲְֻ֮Ū¡
ǣˮķӡֵĻһж˵ͨˡ


955 
ӡľǿ󣬶ڶ̽ʹ볬Чصһп
ȻͲдֱʹԻҲֻǰԺ޳͵ÿռ䡢ȵȡ
ӡʹ÷еġԡӵ˶̽ĵײսϲͲдۺֻ۵ֱӣϸ΢֮Դͷʵһġ
мôܹʹ÷ӡĶ
ôܽβ޷ӡսԱ
ĴĿӰˮôʿ޷ӡռʩչ֮
˵ˮľֱ÷ӡϷ˯ģ磬Ǳܹ߸ȡ̽硣
һӡַܹãϸ΢֮İֱȫλġ
ˮľʹøĽ粼壬սҽƺҲн̾Ŀռ䴫ҪȵԱ·ϵ󱦹ʱ䡣
࣬һ١
ڣҲ˻Եȵ䲻һˮľķӡôȫãܹ൱̶ȵصˮľĸ߳ӡơ
пܣһʹ˵еˮһ¡
ѧϵ⣬쳵Ч̫ˣײ󻹲ָ֪һ˽һϵоƾǲܵ飬ˮľϲǻû׿ĳ̶ȡ
ԣǲȰǰĵ˸ɵ˵
־Ų˵
û뵽ҲƳǰΪѱļһ۸ڶ˭ϣ
ô᣿
ˮľЦҡҡͷ
ȷʵ˲ǫѷôҶˣ
С£ˮľҲ̫࣬ؿľҶľ˷ïҪ뷭ҽʱͻȻʧǱҩʦʹͨ͵طˡ
ľҶһҲûоȣԤϣľ˷ïս˲ű١

ҽȴӰʹ˳ɣ
˲ܵҽˮľĲ£ҸĴݣҩʦɰĿơ
»֪
һ£ӵ۵ʵҪһ㣬ˮľҵ¶ȣɰ϶һ֧ŲסýαϰҽͻȻϮսҲֻвĻִУˡ
Ϊ䲻⣬ˮľһֲСܹжô
ɰȻǴ𣬵۵ҲһǧͷȫˮľƵҽ¶ȵΧ֮ڣ֮ǰֻΪûбҪԼ˶
ˮľ֮£ҽ֮ɫӳң¶ȱȸղҪ߳١
ˮľĸ֪УһɰͬĴĿӰɰĻҲݻ٣סҲԥرˮľϷ˯գһ죬˽ǶĺϵһҪ˳ˡ
ԶʶɰѾ˵ҩʦüͷ
һһе
ʵƣز㣬ϣڸ߶սܹͻƵҩʦǲֶܽӵģĲĲˮľҩʦ
ǰ᲻óһС
ԸԸԿ֮ңǿҳԿеġ
ǧүˣţˮǿͷ£ǲᷢˮľͷϵġ
Ը⸶Լ飬˭ҪҪᣬǾͱˮľˡ
˳ֽع龻ĿӰҲˮľٶͶ˰еҩʦϡ
ˣһΣҿûзŹĴˡ
ǻźʵͦĽˮľǰģǴȣʹ׷ˮľǰҲǲУϧˣ
ҩʦΪЦ
ǰ˵ģߣҲзģ
֪Ŀǰľƣûа취赲ˮľģҩʦ˫ֽӡͨĲӣһӰıϣȫźıȫĿźɫĳ㣬ͷһڲ滤
ˣӰûнǾʹڰУ˫ؿˮľķ
ĿӰޣ˲õѹˮľҪȸɵҩʦ˵ϻ˼ɵĵƣȥˡ
ˣ־ŲҲȻĲָʹ̬ȣƺҪѷ޳ļһʬΡ
Ҫ
ԤƵļˮľҲЩͷۡ
ǲ֮⣬λҩʦƿصȴӰ޷ӵĵ֡
ѾɵĴĿӰɰǿǲءˮľⷶΧ֮ڵǿ󣬲η
սɰɰƻ϶λҪö࣬ˮľǿһһĵлǲǿ֮£ĿӰĿӰǶĿˮӰҪѶԸöࡣ


956 ͬ
ĿӰʱˮľҲԤơ
ӵзег뻯ݡ֮Ӱ죬ָĳЩ塢ʩչöʮӯжɡ
ǵϴľèͷӥؾߣĿӰ޿еĵʱӵ޵ķ
£ˮľʹ۶ݡǧľ޴ƾͱ롣
鷳Ѫ̭ݡԭ֮
ԽѪ޽Ͳһܹ׵ֵġ
ɷ硢ֲʱ仯ں϶ɵѪֱ̭ܹеĶҳıըҲǾɱֶΡ
˵ǵǣĿӰޣıġǽ;󲿷ӰĴԸྶͥ
ֱԣ־Ų԰Σܹͻ϶ĿӰҪ־Ųظʤһ
ֵˣû㹻ʵѹƵʱһҪСģһעҪơ
ݡԭ֮ʩչٶҲ죬ﵽѪ޽硢Ѫ̶̭ȵ󲿷Ѿ仯ܣһܹ֮ܿʩš
֮ĻغϷҲʹɱﵵʱ˾ͲˣָվŲԼϾرУҲ̫뵱Ȼˡ
ĻܹԻ𣿡
һֱͰظۻǲ˶ĵһۣƽ˵
ܸһѾ
ûϵ˵õĵͻȻϮ
ĿӰ˫֣͸Ȼ׼ףųݡԭ֮ʩչ򣬶ˮľķ˹
ʱˮľԶӰһĹӭײ˼ĳݡ
βڣҲá
ˮľܵķ֣βںͳײĳҲûӰ쵽ļӰǲش
Ǳתֱָĸ߳ȻãͲд۵ͫǡ¶ЧӦúޣ㣬Ѿ˵Ӧûô
ˮľʾصͷηκ֮Ѿ˵ˣѾûжη֮ˣ¶ЧۿۣҲֱֻӵľ˺е㿴ͷӰ첻˸ΪƻҩʦֱӶҩʦʹ¶ȻĻͽȻͫѡ
˵ȥ
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Ըյķ٣ҩʦ֪һַΪ棬ͬΪǲǰսѣ֯Ҳвٹǲ鱨
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ȸɵĿӰޣĻҷѾ˼õ۶ݡǧЧۿۣԼ˵ֽš
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صĴΣҩʦȻûнǲߵĻĵƷͼС
Ȼжǲ֣ôɵҩʦƺˡ

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һߺɱ֣ﻹһŶôܶԸԼսҲȷʵЩѿ
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רעȮսȮڣĲԵ˾ȣ˴ʢԣԾֻ
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ʱȽϺõ߲ӵ˫ԡ
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960 Ĭ
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ؿһĴЦЦ
νġԭҲˣ


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֮ѪųϵشŴǿԼڻȥ
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Ǵ𣿿ӦӦ̵졭
Ҳ˼ʱ򣬷ҲѾӮˣ岿ӵս㲻Ӧò̫ˡ

ӣľ쵼нսϾڸ˲СĴ֮ס˾ơ
̵Уĭӵ˱ľǲֻƣΪƽֵĹؼ¡ҵٲնЩûҲûжսĻ壬ҲСķӡྫΧ֮±ӡ
ҩʦӵеĵȻǣס˲٣ҲһЩɰӢۡҶ֡
Ů߻ŶɰĳޣһҪѵɰǽѵҲ顣
ˣҶֻѪ޽硪ƶݵʹߡ
Բʱ仯Բʱ仯ں϶ɵƶݣƻˮľ۶ݵ⣬ҲʹģʽĻҪѷһ
ϾǻͷǿĹԵںϣӦѪ޽е幥ǿһˡ
ΪɣҶɵɱˣʱھͳ̵֮ͣӵ޲Ҷ֣ûرķԣûа취ˮľ۶ҪöƶݣһմϾСԺͷԲʱ仯ں϶ɵδ֪Ѫ޽硢ʹģʽʱҪԵҳѾõҶսӷḻһļһ
ڵСӸڶ࣬屻ӡעȫҶ֮󣬽־ѾעˣҶǿҲ֮ĸϵĶ֡
˾ţ֮ǽҶַӡʱ򣬵СӵѾˡ
̾׵ľӣͨˣҲֻ߲ŻڼʹȫûʱҲҪսˡ
ĴսΪֹ̽һԭҪ˳٣ҲΪˮľǣסҩʦ󲿷עǿļûͶ̽սС
˴³쵼ĵһӡоϾںͽֵܾ֮⣬̡ĵڶӽսϷֶӣذ׾Ҳûг̫⣬ȻսҲС׾ʧʤֻʱ⡣

̽ܲԶҽƺڲӣȻؽ̽Աúãǰߺɱͬ쳣İҽҪһĻľԱѲߵҲ
һ֮İͬߴǼ֮ʹ࣬Ҳٴ󺰴Уʵ̲סģҲ򾲼߻Ӱʧȥ־Ϊʹҧ촽ͷݿˡ
Զɱ¾Ĵ󷽣԰׵Ӱӵ˳任״۵̽ʿģ֣ҽƲ˹
ˣӦŨңҵ޼ЩȲˡ
һϱž޴Ӱ֣Ǻþò¶ĸޡ
׾Ҳͷ
Ӧþˣ޼Բ̰β޿϶
ǻˣôãнˣҪ֪ͨ𣿡
ãѾ֪ˣ
ߵǲӰ˳еģн𷢵Ůߡβľ˵Ļ壬ԼĴĿˮӰʸֵĻ壬ǰֱӦֻ۵Ͷ꣬βˮԼָҲǲ
ȽΧʱռĨȻý罫
Ϊˮǲ˵һ򾡡
ڵ˷Ӧ֮ǰץףԡ
һɫӰȻ֣һö｣ӵжʸǰ޴÷ӡ
ˮľӦòô졭
ȻһçײԶʹ˹
ļһǲǴ̣һǵóѣ
Сˣ
Υŵˮ˼û顣
һЦ
βǵȫѹҪôˣ
Ҫ⣡
ǲ˿
ǸСһʵǿˣģʽöԸ
ɷݡ｣ĶѾоЩˡ
Ϥĸоǲǲϴġ
һһﲻ֣϶вǿ֣Ҳãսپһ򾡡


962 ӭ
׾õĹߣ仯ܹģ˲
̽磬ܹȫģ˵ϣûа취ֶͨηֱʹ仯İ׾
ܹûȫԵ顣
ƿ˾βˣ̳˾һЩǾǶԶľ׼̽顣
βͱΪ֮̽ĻȻʵ룬֮βޣٶЩڸ֪̽ȷʵơ
Ȼ緢˵˵֣һ㲻ֻ֣ǣçײӭʵǷǡ
ָһ˼Уʵǲס
ﲢֻһˣֻҪԵƬ̣ͻᾪˡ
βߵĸ֪УҪԶѡ
ĲӦڴ󷽵ʱ򣬲ͬںҽưߣָ̽ӲӰˡ
Ǿβˣ
òԶ²ʱռֻҪƬ̹ܹȥ֧Ԯ
ҽƲҲûи֣ѵõսлģʽĴҰӣԼ쵼ľ񣬲ߵ֧Ԯֲ
ȻˣϷȥһɣһϹͷٲһ£Ժ˵ûлˣ
̴ӰֻĿӰҰľûаžְλ
ĴĿӰͳ˧ܲıĿӰ֡
ĿˮӰڤ쵼ӡ
ᡢǰĿӰҰ޶ϵܶӳ
̽˵Ҳϰ׵ĴͳҰľԻûеҪСĵز
ָӲԶҽƺڲӳ⣬Ҳȥ
Ϊͳ˧ĴĿӰͷ
Ҳã˼Ȼܹҵڵأ˵صĳѾвͨˣȻˣʹ󷽷óơ
вСԵľڱβޱֻ۵ӵ֣߳Ҳѻǡ
ǰ߳׻˰׾֮Ǿֱҵ죬ȫɱ
Ǵ³ǱߵľƻЩʣĲҲ޷Ӱʵֱӳ󣬵ûĵ¶֮ǰ

̽ǲָˮͷָƻΧľ壬Ȼʣµ׼ʱ䣬Ƕȡβ޲Ĺؼ
ܹеòˡ
˳ǲЩ⡣
Χûʲô˲ķӡ磬ȻҲǲĸǰǲġ
ˣָΧܹʱռǶĨˣ̽Ҫʱռǿ֧ԮѾûа취ˡ
ռƻ£
һᣬ׼ǲǰȥֵ˵ĸޣʾ˺ˡ
ӵ޼ĸޣֻҪûа취ԾԵ˲ܣ޼ܷӳղİԵβ޲ΪЧֻǲ̫࣬׷ʯ߱߷¹ʡ
ڣʹþβģʽˣȻʵȸҪǿһߣսԶԶڸǰռˡ
Щ֮޹ˣֻŸ޴ݵسˡ
ˣ㣡
Զһ£βܽ
Ȼʧȥ˴β޲Ȼ˲ܽҲһʱ䣬ںԼΪͶԵͬദ֮Ѹٻָԭıԡ
ܽĸ֪Ȼ񣬵ǳ͵ٶȻû£߳˱ʵʱ򣬵һϵģǸոսûõܽ
һ
ǲЦ˻֣ʸ֡ľˡͷָ׼ʩչ磬ˮΧþ壬ھ͸ȥЩϺз
˰ֵ˸ǵָǲе
ǵ˵죿
֪Լļһ
ǲ˵
Ҫ絮ļƷˡ
˵꣬˫һ̧ͱ׾ٵ𣬵˺ܽ¡
Ȼ֣һɫβ޲ֱһȭĹʯĴɢ¶˱β͵ˡ
һԵܽҲβ£β޻״̬
ˣǲ֪Σգ̽ǰɣ۾ǵ
ָʸ֡ľ˷־ķ׽ӡɫĽĻǽ𣬽˺ܽΧ
󣿡
Щȵ˿Χı仯һ˿飬ľҶƻʱѾһˣĿӰԳնѴƵĽӡ̡


963 
֣β˺βܽסˡ
ȻЩçײҲĽ̵ټʱҲʵսҲǰȫŪ˺Լʵࡣ
ĿӰ޵Ľеӡ൱̵ġ
˵Ķ棬Ȼ󲿷ֶףŴ޼ĸۣξվλõǲˣһֻ۾дۣһֻ۾ͼεֻۣϴβսѵġ֯Ļ֡
ˣֻǴһ¾ûзˣ˰׾֮⣬ӶûĿܡ
һɫʢװŮ֮⣬ĸά
βܽЩģսвͣ˼ɵǷͳٶȣڱƵ棬ƶûа취ӳ
ԣ
ɫҲЩء
ȻҲǲܴƣͷơ
ʱ򣬺Ե˲ǰԤеܹսپĶ֣һԾβ͸ˡ
ʹõľβģʽԴ޵ģʹþβ࣬бɵĿܣϾʱβ޺ಢûдɺͽ⡣
ΪˮľĹϵûĻᶼ˵ˡ
ʹ˾βģʽˣϳ˵ĹӡǡҲֻƣβ޵ĲȫɽɫʻȫλüߣٶĴĿӰ
ΪʵܽԶԶں棬һҵǲ
ʶЩϲӿֳֻ֣ճȭĻǽȥ
ƵײУַ׷ɢҲҡΣ׼ĸ޵Ĳ֧Ԯ֮£Ƭ֮ͻָ
βֵ֮ĹǲҪõˡ
һݲͶһΣգûгѱľβǸ
ݡ｣
ɫĲΧɿתķз˵ķ˵־ǲķ˹ȥ
棡ǿֻǰʲôã
˫ǰ죬ʹ˶ӡǲ׾ٵػ˵ĹûݡʱռȵЩĻжǿҲ˵ǲоβҲһ
ֻ˵ѡģʽʱģʽܸЧȻ־覴ãڿɲǼƽϸڵʱ
Լ¾Ըкڵˣ˲ýˣ˫ֽӡͬɫĹֵӰ֣ʹþβ֣֮Ļǽͼơ
ֻǣѾһıǲô׷֣
Ըβ޲ȻҪóˣˮǲĲ£ʹýշɵľβֲ֮ϻƣ˿ٻĿա
Զµĸס˼۶İβȣ󷽣һӦӰڿӦٶβߡ
ûͦ죬Ҫȥȴ˵
һ԰β޻еգټһβδˣˮߵʣʱ仹ǲڻµġ
ˮݡˮ岨
ȵȻǽΧĵθıʺԼӣȻ
һƬУŲγĸĴһжʱӦҲ·硣
ڸ޺֮սһʱһĹѸײڶ֮ƺսһǡ
ǳݣҰľǸͷôˣ
лԥǲЩεؿβѪ̭ݡԭֱ֮Уʹڳǰֽһ˲䱻ơ
βĻһ»ҳʧڿУֻʣ°ĺȻأĻǽҲһ翴Ҳֲ˶ˡ
ǧһ֮ʣβܽȶץˣ˳ͷ˳ȥõ˶ûӦ뿪˹Χ
֮ˣ㻹ûã
£ھ̽ڵԴǲܡ
ֻһʱǵóѣʲôı䣬ڱҵһ̣ǵ˾Ѿעˡ
ȻãǣӴǲǴ⣿ҪҪˣ
֪Ҫѡ
ǲõش
ԼǲµĽӡڣӵֻۣҲֻһ־Ĳٿ֮ж


964 
ǲҵ̽ʱˮľҩʦսҲԽˡ
˼ɵģһֱûľҶľ˷ï
ˮľʹɷ۶ݡǧսһƬصʱľ˷ïִ̿ߵʹۿˡ
ˮľ·һƬҺҲöڰĵûл͵͵ֵĿġ
ڣһж˿ơ
ĿˮӰƻ£ĻУɵΣ֮󣬱ȶĿӰ޻Ҫ鷳
Ϊеļˮɵĸ֣ˮӰ֮λܺӵѪ̭ĶĿӰͬھļһô߹Ϊ
ˮľԼСЩܹǧǧӰ֮½ߴ˽ܵʵ
Ȼӵнӽβ޵Ĳˮƻ¶ˮݵ⣬ܳѾ˵ǧ֮⣬Ҳûܹˡ
·Һ˿֮£Ӧø޵ˮҲˮʧ
ڹƻµĲ£һƬ͵ˮӿûбը֮󷴶ŲĹ
ˮһӯһ壬ЩȻûвˮľͿ֮µĻж˼鷳
ˣˮݱը֮γɵˮƯգȻѸȴγһƬ£Һĸڻܹƻ¿ٴγˮݡ
˽ˮľܶʼǹƻµɱﵡΣĳΡ
Щ϶ּļһ˲뵽õսԵУǡ
ͷۣˮľ˿жϢŨĶĿˮӰ
ļһΪʲôô˷ܣ
𣿡
ڣԽԽŨˮУƻЦ˵
Ȼν̽սȤǿУϲҲ⣬ԭĺûзֳʤľһƺ˼ְɣҿ㻹ʲôȤֶΣ
ȻˮӰҲһصúսô
ˮľεҡҡͷҩʦתĸִĲ鲻Ըƻôϵģˮľ˺ܴ鷳Ҽؼҩʦݵѹ
ô죿ˣ
ǲѵóѣڵȷʵЩ
ԭˮľǴȥҲģڣľ˷ïҲ˶ԸҲѵõĺð֡
ǣ֪еľβ˵춯ˮľ֪ǲ׻ҵǵڵأڽߵָӲҲָս֮ҲҪȥӦӵֻ۵ǲŵħ
ҩʦԲֿѸٻܵĶ֡
ָ˱ˣȫÿԼˡ
ԭеҩʦôܵģ
ֻǲĻǲ˾ˣȻڵҩʦԭеҩʦҪǿܶ࣬ˮľߵҲ١
ôӦ÷һƣ
һ֮ˮľҧ˫ֵʳָӡ֮תʩչͨһɫͷιӳ֣ˮľþûгֵĳŵĻ塣
ոճֵĳʩչͨһֻ޴İֵ£˫ˣжĳŻ
㡭ˮľԼʱ̣Ѿˣ
˿Χŷ˲Ϥס
ŲأҲˣǴģǲʵȻҲȻ״ֲˣ
ŵĵ٩־ŲغǲĻ嶼ûдȻˮľŵĻŪЩȣҲ˶ѣ˵ĺĲôأǰر˺£ĶѺǵˡ
ˮļָ̌ŶҩʦֵĻ塣
ʱˣһѹأǰ֮Уֻ۰Ӧûɲ١
ˣ
ŵĻһµˣ˿·ҺԼΧ״
ʵǿˣȻᱻãҲʧߵʱ򣿡
ȲѣҲСģľҶľ˷ïĻ壡

ŨŨˮУһݡԭ֮Ĺ˹̧˫֣Ƶʹöӡ仯⡣
·ɱе񡭡
ƺлҪ˵ĳûнȥ
ˣѾˣôˮľɣ
Աʹֻ۵϶ô㣬ˮľ˵ѾˣֻҪڹؼʱ̸ЩȻǿ󡢵ҲʮԵĵػˡ
ȻΪֵĵˣ϶ҩʦ
ӵһͲдۡȴˮľѧȱݵģʽִӰõ󻹼̳˴Ų
ͨߣõ֮һܳΪ˲õĸ֣ҩʦõУȫֲԼϣû϶С


965 Կ
˳ŵĻȫܵսԶȲϻŵʱҲûֲͬʱʹöı׶ˣˮľһԲ©ȱֵĻæˮľҩʦлᣬϼǲߵĻռ
ʼˣսپ
ŰԼٶҩʦ˹ȥ
ھ޴ϣˮľƴ
ע⣬ĿӰͻ̡һҪʹ̫ǿ󣬽ȫ׶ٵĳ̣ʵǸԿļһĿˮӰƻȻҲǿǹעص㲻ĿӰ޵ĳݡԭ֮÷ʩչβڵֵˡȫɱҩʦ

ʹóŵĻ壬ҪĿ϶ǶĿӰޣķԸ˾Ҫˡ
һ˲ҪСˣ
ǲѵ
ϴҲҪú÷
ף
ˮľͷʹսߣ㹻Ŀռʩչɵƻ˭
ƣһＸʩչ൱µġ
C4-¥׼ܣʵ˷ʤȻ嶼ǲ֮ǱըɷĩҲָܻˮľѪ֮һУȻ޷ɽ⣬ֻҪ׶ݲȫͿڸֶԾУƬ̵֮𣬸ǿȵĶԿУʱʱۿв
οϴѾǲ֮ĻˣҪԱȻΪûԵʣֻõĲԱǰҪСܶ࣬ʮıըΧﲻһܸаɣҲǼΪµƻˣͨSҪǿ٣һǿظʹõģΨһʩչĹ̫ӣ˷Ӧʱ̫ˡ
õϴĻ岻ͣԱȻ޸ûǿ̽綼Աըϡá
ϴνġݡʵҲǻݵֻҪ׶ݿƣǿԶԸģʵﲻһĳ̶ȣҲϴ
ˮľȻܹѹƵϴˣҪڶֵΧ֮£ˮľҪܵϴѣΨһ鷳޷ҩʦĿһɱѡ
ľԽԽҩʦҲʶԼĴһ˲ˡ
ϴͷųһȺ˫񲻶ϿӦ־Ųصķݡ˫ײڿӵγɵĵĻϣûпͱûгͰֺ
ԭΪļףʱҲʩչľݣĿˮӰƻ¹ˮ֮ȻСȻ͵ľݴ̴ķڹƻ³ˮ֮⣬һɫĻߣֻǻ󱻻ƣ岢ûб˵ʱҲ޷ɧŵˡ
ڻ˷ƻĶĿӰûн̤ʵأӰ󣬶ˮľɵĸʱСġ

ҩʦԵ̾
ԭΪֻҺʹף޼ɵʹߵû뵽ˮľǰҲ˲ֶΡ
ɫѵľҩʦߣҲ͡
ǰѾ˵ˣôҲǰСˡʱɡɷ׼֮
ӡɵҩʦ˫ƽ̯ߵɫһΪɫΧһųɫתһһʧ档
˾޴Խ˲ֱӣȻˮľķйǰӽԲ򣬿ʼҲˮľݵĻһƬӣ׼׵Ĳ˲ɢӾɥʧ˹ܣȫͷҵ𶯽޷
ŰĳŶǰͷһͼֲסˡ
ˮľֻ۶޲𹥻ûа취취뿪Ƭ򡣡
ˮľɫѿҡҡͷѾЩʹܹ֪ŵ˼ΪԼľϵԵʣܹ˵Ƚѵˡ
̫ˣһƬĲʧȥ˿ƣ̶ܴϷ˿ռ䣬޷֤ʩչʱռ׼ȷԡ
ΨһĺϢǣȻҲܵɷ޻ת֮Ӱ죬ֻҪʩֹͣþָܻ
鷳ǣˮľڲܸ֪״£ѱָ֤ӻս⣬ֻܵʵΪָˡ
鷳ܺһˣȥ·һ£
ˮľʹ÷Χţû뵽ԼҲˣҩʦ޶ȵʩչİ׼֮Ȼôǿ


966 
гŵΪ赲ý˲ں޷
ǲܺҲֿܵɷ׼֮ܺˣܺùˣܹһʱܹȡһʱ䡣
ŵӵļڵǲѾչ˳ɫһܺеĻ嶼С
ˮľѾһ壬·ҺѸΪһ壬ҲҲ
𶯴˺󲿷ֱҽʣµҲʮһݵˮľϵʱ۶ݲģʽķͻƲˡ
ǰȫˡ
˴Ϣ֮ˮľһʹòʩչҽһָʵԶж
Ȼжͣ٣Ҳѳû
ɷ׼֮޲𹥻ķΧ˭ѾҲ޷⹥ʩҩʦˡ
ɷ׼֮ȡ֮еЧҩʦٴα仯ɷԶӰʼã̳ҽ˫ħ֣֮ҩʦһӰѾĻҹģ
»õɣòƲߡ
ͨͲд۵ҩʦ֪Լܹﵽĳ̶ȣֱͻǰõ֮㹻ʱƣɷļӳ֮£ɸǿˡ
ʬާ֮裡
ѾĴӵеǿѪ޽磬ַʽٴγ̽硣
ͷ賤ɫĹǴǰӣĹͷɭ֣Ŵ̴ǲܺ
ɫʿɷ׼֮Ĺ֮ҡҡ׹ڱ⣬ާ֮׾ٵش̴˷޴İͬŵ̸ţ漴һƬʬƬƮ·Һ¡
⡭Ҳ̫˥˰ɣ
ǰһ̻ôҩʦһԼһӽֻԼһҴ棬ʵ̫ˡ
ڻĲ֮Ǽ򵥵ɱġ
ҺͲһˣ̺ܵҽܻܿ谭
ѣˮľٴʩչͨʵԼ
յĹ̵֪̿ܺʿˮľʹ޻ת֮͵ʯͷƽ̨˫ֽס˻ƬȻ󱣻ǻָʱ䡣
ˮľת۶ݣģӴҾ˰εض𣬽̵ܺ룬Ĺͷɭش󣬵ҲûͻƼ͵Ҿˡ
Ҳ
ɷݡ｣
öϺɫ｣ҽһöǰĿӰС
ԲԲĿƣһֵ̱쾡£̵Χ֮¼ҹȴӳֵķǰ磬ܹóݵ̴ɾȴˮľķǰһͿء
ų޼᲻ݵ׶ݲױݡ｣п漴ұըŰ׼ķнĿӰӷӼƻغ֮󣬿άΣʵڲѾȫƻĿӰĻϵҺУٳ֡
һö｣Ѹײڶ֮ƣ񣬽г֮󣬾ұҩʦ͵ϴĻ롣
ϴȴû̫õķֶΣӦ÷ҩʦҲòȥˮ˲ķģʽӦúܲҲ޷ӲӳµS
Ȼϴˮľϵʧȥ˿µ
ȥҩʦȻƯڰУ˵û岻ϹͣƺʲôҪ
Ƭ֮ҩʦйƤһŵһ˳
ͷ˫ǣŰۣ޳ϸһ˫צģ֡
ڳһ㣬ϺȣڿеģѾһڵģҲη
ô
ˮľһʵǿ嶼˰۴ߣ̳ԴԼеҪǿ̫ˣӵͲд۵ҩʦ̽μǿսĵ·ϣˮľķΧڣ·ڳˮľļ֮ǰӵ֪ȾˮľҲ˶ˡ
ƺоˮľĿ̽ҩʦĴߵͷ­¶һЦݡ
Ϊǰ
ʲô
˼Լʲôûϵˮľһ漴ع
ãϴ
ҺĵϴĻϾŻˣһҪȼɻҽݵ֮ǰӦ޷ָϴȴر͸ۼಿλγһž޴ĺɫ죬ˮľЩŵУȻ


967 
ղŻڵĵϴԱû뵽ת۾ˡ
ˮľҲЩ
鶼ˣٰҲ޲ôȡ
ϴĻԱΧµĳƻˮľҲ֮С
һĴըҺ׻ᷢʲôҲһ˻ΪⱬըѹҲ̫ˡ
ˮľСʱȼıڶˮУҪôˮ𣬼ʹǱըҲ˺ֻܼܶ࣬һСˮ
ǣֻǱĽȼ󶪵װˮĲбը׻ᷢʲô
ʲô۶ݡʲôݡʲô¸ȣڼµǰȫ߽⡣
ұը߿գγɳɫҽĢƣȵҽк£һжΪҽ
·Һҽ˳˷ӡ
ըĳȽ޻ת֮͵ŵȫݻ٣ȹóܺ£ҽ˾ӭ£Һ档
ˡ
ˮľҲ˲ôˣϽʵΣ˵
ţʹõرǣҪ֣
䲻ݷ֮䣬˫ֺ£һڵСƮ漴Χı䣬СΪģһ嶼ǿǵϴԱɵĳԼҾ˶⣬Ĵ֮
ˮľʵνܺϱ壬˸ͽȫתƵ˲ԶһСɽϡ
Ǿգ
˲٣ûиҩʦ̫˺
˺ܹϣöԸ
Զرǵױ³ǵĻûܷӳȫǿķӡ̾Ϊֹ
ˮľ͵ҺС޴֮³ױҽЮŲʯƮϰգ׷ӡ
ɷ۶ݡǧĵƣûиˮľ̫սǱԼһֻٵʵЩϧ
رŰҺˣԱɵûˣԭֻʣһ޴Բӡ
ȻأûлָĻ峾ҲڳˣȫڵرķΧ֮ڣһеĿӰԱĵϴ
ʧصĴۣĨҷѾ˼ʩչս
ˮľɵļһѾȻʴЩˣսȻǿÿ¡
ˮľϧÿһսΪܿҪԸǿǲǲߣҩʦУֻʱӡ
ĿӰĻ壬ҵĴĿӰɰĿӰԼϴĻ壬˵Ӧ׬ˣôһҲÿģ
ˮľЩ䡣
һߵĹ侲ش
ûѹԷ˰ɣ
ԽѾʧԽѾûдڸˣ˴̵ʱֻܿʵָʤ
ԣˮľȻǿҲûóȫһҩʦѾ㹻Լѿˡ
ЩʵӦõɱҩʦ˵̫ʿˡ
ˮľ˼Ÿָҩ裬ֲͲĺöðײãսԼϢĳǿҲһֵܹҪʱˮľҲẬ
һɷ۶ݡǧ
ˮľҡҡͷԼͷ᰸ȻһѾԣͲҪص޺ˣѱҩʦзƽ⡣
ǿȽϿףþԵʵѹžһ⡣
ˮľǰβȫβ޻һֻ˶İβ͵˫ţͷֳ֣ſھһβڣĿӰ˹ȥػͬѸݵĳݡԭ֮
޲ҲֻǻĶѡ
ףʹͲд۵ӡ
ƵļһԵصͷۿеĹɷҶ״תһȦĹԹסˮľ
ˮľֻоһĪϢԼϣܵĴĵ׸֣ѹ˻ȥ
˵Ȼͬ죡
ˮľЦţԶ½β޻þȫ۳ĳǿβڣпһĵطɨȻһըһӰƾճβڷ·ϣûʵλõĶĿˮӰƻ¡
ǿĹ֮£ƻ»۳رץȡշӡ
ô֪ʵλõģ
һֱ¶ݵҩʦʱŸоһ˿죬ϵ¼޷⣬ȷʵ˷ѽ⡣
ˮľʼ硣
Ҳֻ֪㹥ѡ

ˮĸѣҩʦҲֻܽ·¡
ӣѾˣǲǸóˣ
ֻʣ¶ĿӰ޻ڿ֧ţôˣô̵ܹӡ


968 
ҩʦĻˮľ
ܣ
⵱ȻֻϷԣҩʦжˮľҪ߼ֱ췽ҹ̷
Ȼܾʹӳ죬ǱȻѡ̶
һĿӰ޲Ȱܾ֣ôȻиǿսȳ
ܹҩʦģɾֻǲߵĻˣ֮񡪡ĿӰǧǰѾױ񻰵ǲǰ峤
Цݣצһֱۡªεؽӡҩʦʼʩչͨˡ
ҩʦһξˮľββ޻ٶ˹ȥλݼţҩʦϵس֣ˮľûֹǲߵĻ
һ߲ķӡĵĹƾճ֡
ȻˮľҺѾʧҩʦȻҲ˷άַٶԶˮľƯ̤ʵصվڵϣطӳʵ
类ж˺ȵĳ棬ڵϣһʩչʵЩЦ
ˮľЦ
ֻ餴򿪣¶˼Ϥݣһֱˮľѹǲߡ
ǳһҲãҪԵģֻǡ
ҪҪʱͺǲߴ֣ˮľЩɡ
Щ̽ض˵Լʹ֮ǰǿ̶ȼֱ룬ûгΪʮβ֮ǰˮľĿԻûС
ԭУ˺ǲַӡʮβ֮ǰٶӵܹ׻ǹ⻷
ڵĴ̽ս֮󣬿ɾ˵ˣЩӵעġ֮ļһǽʧȥ˵ľˣɱǲŻΪܡ
ڣˮľǿ󣬽ǲߵĻȵǱҲܿ˾ȫ
ȻˣҩʦܹӦɱģǲˣһҲ˵ȥ
Уӡǲ߻߳һɳ¸ϢɢΧ˵˿£Ѹٻӷ
ƺо¶ȣԼ˸֪ǲ۾
ûΧӵУɺһд͸¶һ˿ϲŴ﷢һĿЦ

ЦܣʮɤţԾɢվ̽綥˵ѹȸС
䣬ӮˣѾ˺ܶ꣬ңٴ̽磬һøǿԼ룡ķȻûгɹΣûˡ
̧˫ָ֪̽ϢǲЦݣȴһЩԼԽܵ顣
ǡ壬ǻˣô£Ͻҹ
ŭǲߵĻ壬־˳Ųӣýߵҩʦ亹
ˮľҲͣվڲԶĵطͳŲУͻȻǲߵĻ塣
ƺˣǲŤͷ˺ڵϡֵĽһҩʦ
һﵽʲô;Ŀ棬ûҰƥ츳ֻֿܱɱģ
ҩʦظЦţ
Ǵ˵еߣǣҲֻڤĿܣöѣǰҪɱĿ꣬Ͻжҿʵ
ƺо˿ƵüΪҩʦͷҲð亹
áܣ
ǲЦ
ǧǸյļһоĽתɣܽͨѾ㹻ˣࣿһеװɣķˣҾͽһ㣬ǲõġ
ڱҩʦǿתˮľ˼ֵ֮½ӡ˼εǲͻȻͷһץסҩʦĲӣǻǲӵĻ
бӡĽеΣգԲҪ̫ˣˡ˵׼һÿεѧѣǣҲһֻҪңǲ;
ȿȣ
ѾҪ˵ҩʦǳѹ
Ҳ֪ǲҲ֪˭ԣ֪˵Ǹðͳ졮֯졭

ǲ߶ݺݵؼӴϵҩʦȫʹ
ͻȻǲƳˮľͨϵĳţȻӱ仯ܴ󣬵һͷɫͷ˫еֻۡ
ǡţҲˡôģ㶼ûΪʲôûиֿģص̽磿ֻ۵
ԭƻоֻ֮ȡ壬Ȼѵ״̬ص̽磬δҵû뵽Ȼô⡣
Щǲ߲ûʶϵҩʦѾҪˡ
ʱԶβ޲ĲôԶҲȻܹ֪õ



969 ̽
ǲϸظ֪һǲĽӡȷ˷
ԭˣҲ
ҵˣȵҪ֪Ŀǰ״ǲһѽҩʦ˦ڵϣȻԼٶȣָ̽ӲҽƲӵķ򼲳۶ȥ
ιǲǱСˣ
ߵĳԼʹҪ뿪ǲ˻
˵ǲǸߵļһɣ
ˮľ˼˵
Ӧֿѡǲֹˮְֳͬɣ
ˮľȻһϮڵ׺۵ǲ˳
ûǡ
ǲЩɵ˵
ǲӦһ̽սʱսţڻο鱮ϣǲ۵дڻľۿ
ǲǲֹˮǶĿӰǧѧǲĺᣬֵܣˮľӲҪ˵ĻˮľǲĴǲֹˮҪ࣬Ͼ̽ѧУ̧ͷͷǲҲĵβ벻עⶼѡ
ǲֹˮǳţеˣˮľƽӹƽûʲô
飬δ֮հ
ӵͲдۣģʮа˾ǲˣֽд벻붼С
ǲеţҲˣȻ˷ǣǡ
ǲŤͷˮľʵ
˭ģʽʲôϵѵǧˣû뵽Ȼû
ˮľЦЦ
һƽߣǧּûʲôϵģʽԼģ֪ǰʲộָ
Դе㱾£Ϊңˣ
ô֪
״̬ǲȻв֮ҲȻʮǿ󣬵׻м޵ģȳ׸ǲҪһ㣬ջֻ֮״̬ǲԶˣڳΪʮβ֮ǲߣǸûȡ
ҲܹŰɱӰֵĸ֣ô˻ᣬ̽һʵЩϧ
ˮľȻҲѵõĺ֣ǲߵעǷǲǱߡ
ǲ֪νǺ£̫ԴͲˡף
ǰˮľûڶ໰ֱٻϷ˯總ģʽһֻɫľ޴ȶž޴ĳӴľѹǲ߶޷ӡ
Ȼ˵󻰵ıǮȻ
һʱ֮ӣȻѾʱǨӵеʵٵġ
ˮľȻûжܹǲ߷ӡĿܿڣ̬ܵҲǲߵĲ
˫۵Ͳд۳ͣܺεضһֱֻ۵ɫ˳ˮľǰֻﶼ
һԲϾͶ֣ˣ
Ȼȫ壬ʹ״̬Ҳһǲʹ֮ܺͣǳǿİѳӶؿ£ʹҵײУǲߵܺƿźˮľԼǲҲû⣬޴ķɡ
֪ļһǾͲ֪ʲôˣûй
䣬Զǰβȵβںǲߵܺ
ǲ֮üı۽棬ǰȻûܵ˺ֱҲðһƺ̣ˡ
β޵ԣֻȡһ˿β޲С͵ѣӬӪ֮
޴ܺ͵һԾµʱѾ˲ȵĻǰѾβ޻Ĳ˲䱻ΣûеֿܹƽɽǿͲαܹᲢˡ
ɨǰĵ·ǲһ
˭ǵҲ˲˶ˣܿͻҴΪҹ
˵꣬ǲŲͷҲص̽ҽƲӷ򣬸֪ǲϢλöȥ
Ƣǻ𱬣
ˮľƿѹԼϵʯվ
ô˶ûסٶ༸Ҳܴ󣬺ԣǲûоȫȻҲûС
̽Ľ൱ֹۣѪ޽绹ǾԵս飬ˮľȫ·磬ȻսʤϣԼһȷʵѶǲв
ҲգӰ԰ɣڷӡʮβҪ˺ǲ
εˮľֻǲ뿪֮µ̯ӡ
Զǲ˦ڵϵҩʦȻ̱ڵأֻ϶˼ڰݵҩʦķˮľʵΣһԼҩʦ״


970 
ԭʵ׵ҩʦ˿Ѿûǰ緢
ԼģͷȻûܸıɱĽ֡
ȫڰסжҩʦֻʣܹ˵ܹˣŴһϵʹҩʦѵ˵
û뵽Ϊĵϳ⣬Լв޷ǲߵĻ壡
ˮľЦ
ʵõŷѾ˼ǲߵĻ壿
ʵڼ̽磬ֻǿҪģǽ⡣
ս˵мֻᣬ֪ʹԼ޷ƿص³Ҳˣܡ
ڶ˵Щʲôá׼ôң
ã
ˮľζش
ӣ㻹һϣҪˣܻĹµĻᣬϲôӵ¡ڹܼ̣ѪͰˣ
ˮľְγҩʦϵһڰü˶׼Դ
ڰеĿɱӰ˺ˣˣе꣬һ𣿡

ҩʦʬ壬ˮľֱûݽճɻҽɵƤҲˣҪתҲʬ壬궼ˮľĥǣϷ˯ΪȫµС
ˣĿӰޡĿˮӰƻ¡ĿӰԼϴȵҲûӹˮľĶ֡
ΨһˮľģֻľҶľ˷ïˡ
Щʶ֣ˮľһѹûУľ˷ïһˣľҶӢۣľĸס
ΪҪǣˮľûͬ͵սܹȾͨսԼʵ̫ˣܹʹþɱ˵˵ֶΣˮľ൱
֮£λȴӰĻʵȻǿ󣬵ˮľ˵ȷʵпޡ
һͷ׷ľ˷ïʵľͲʮƣȻԼ̬ܿ˵ѪԵϵľ˷ïԶľӢǷԵøӹŰ塣
Щ٬ľľ˷ïҪöࡣ
Ȼˣˮľʱ򣬺ľ˷ïҲй֮ԵѧУΪ׵Ҳöιչľˮľֽɫľ˷ïӦûϡ
־Ųصľ˷ïŤͷ˸ˣȴֶס
־ŲأҲˣ˷ǡ
ֳΨһһλˡ
ľҶߣеƣǵ˭ˣ
ˮľڰ֡
⣬ǰĴ̽սѾʼˣ㻹ΪľҶЧҿԸˣԺľ˵仰Ҳɣ
һ̽ս˲أ˵Ź
սȻ伫ʲôʱйֻû˻öѣ
ðɣ
ľ˷ïͷͬ⡣
Ҳ⣬ΨһΣûаźú£ʵɱԣЩԿ˵
ˣҾʧˣ
ˮľǰһӡĵĿľ˷ïԴ
ɨսȻ׼һɣʮβԶˣ
ϣڵԽԽܼɫ˸ĵ绡ļ¡
޼ɵո꣬ɱҩʦԽԽ̽ô
ˮľѾûлͷ·ˣʮβڼҪвǴͲľҹˮľûǿ޴ӵࡣ

γһĸ󻼵ˮľпɵʱ˵Ӿûôùˡ
ѹ̫ˣǶβľˣβ޻Ѳںβܽϣ֮Ҳҷؽˣȫıľء
βȻǿ󣬵Ҳ˫ȭѵ֡
ԭУϮľҶ壬˺ôкֻ۶սľ飬ڣֻβս΢Ӵ˼ΣһˮľҲԮ㲻ϣ˺ȡ
һֱǿУԭĵҲ
ڣ˺ܽľûгãɢŽɫ״ϢĴҰӣе˵ѹ
ģʽˮľĵӣ
СӣˮľսǷɫͷĪ쳤սϵزŽӡʱ򣬸ȷݡ
һᣡ
Ƶս³Թοǲ֪һ¸޵ķ
Щˣˡ
ݡԭ֮˵βĻѾָĿӰҰľǲСļһǲıҪһʱҲѽ䳹׻ܡ


971 Ϯ
ݡԭ֮ͬԿҲֻʹöӡˡ
ݵٶ̫ˣֻҪ׼ͺѶܡ
ǲʹܣˡûˡ
⣬ھսȻ
׾ıѾˣʣµķ˵ڻҺʹ仯ɧ֮⣬ãҲֻоľ֮вľҲ൱֡
ôǲʵЩľ֧ǣռüֻβ޵ħ֣ǲҲûе
֮ǲҧ˫ָֻ۹ͨڤڤħλãʩչͨ˲䣬˫ֱ۱ӡĴͷǲ¡
һΣѾָ˲ʮβǣϴμʱ򣬽ֻʣսһֻվво޷ӡ
ħٴγ֣߸֧Ԯ̽ԽѾʼˣڰ׾źǵĻ塣
Զ޴ˮݡˮ棬޼ΪһĸѾβȺβС
ǰβţβϬȮǰˮβޣֻҪλȫβ޻ʵ֧Ų̵ʱ䣬ڱˮ
ϾҲѪ֮޷һˮɻսȻҪǿ٣ǰββȫ壬ҲȻδѹסޡ
ʱƣڷı䡣
βͰβôöԸģһжЩдˡ
ԭʹӴܹղƣϹֻ޴βޣƾؽŪڹ֮ʱ򣬸ͻȻԼһЩ⣬ԭ԰׵ƤͻȻһ͵ȸУҿʼá
ô£
ˣ
ЩǱͻȻЦ
ûһֻβ׶Ըģļһ
βóˮݣģ³ľǿҸʴԵҺ
ЩҺΪܽˮУϡ͵úأʱƣβϬȮ³ҺԽԽ࣬ˮҺԽԽŨΣҲԽԽˡ
ҲЩҺɱβ޾޴˵ֵһᣬŨȶԸֱƤΪеΣʹˡ
ȻˮºȻеȣβʹĸѾܵзâˡ
׼ˮݡˮ裬ԭûʲôΣİβͻȻӿ˴ī֭ΧȾɺɫ
ܣ桭ӡ
ɫī֭ЮĸһͣʩչҲͣʹ˲ܶʹȥܻܿᱻҺ׸ʴһ
ڸԸоʱһ״綵ͷ£ǿһ㶼ͨ׶ݣ˲߽˸ֵˮݡˮ衣
ֻβޱ̺ݵ׵Ե޷ڱӡƵĸޣǱˮλ壬ͱ׶ǿɽʬˡ
վħͷǲҲħһħĿͻȻִԵβͰβĲӸ
ǿβޣҲֿ˻عĸıܡ
ƵβϬȮͰβţ޴ӵֿرסħĿжȥ
Ǹ߿еĿӰҰľİæݡԭ֮Ȼ޷ͻƶӡķ
ʹѪ̭ѾĴҰľҲЩ֧ŲסֻֻβΪħС
ǲҲûпֱħֻ֮β޻գƬ֮ħǿһء
ǲȴоЩԾȥβȣԼٶ롣
ԭˣջһβ֣ǻ
ӵαװôִİβսǿҲһѹܹǿľβսһʱ·硣
ʱһӵһ
ħһ־ץסβϬȮǲĴĿ漴ںľβ˺βܽ
ʵҲĴҰӣҲֻһС鷳ѣóƳӡķָǰĴĿˮӰʸֵΧ֮£ҲΪ
粻֮ǰλβ޲Ӧòˡ
ŵǲͻȻɫһ䣬Σ֮ѸٿûüӦһֻĳԼٶȹᴩǲţڿλãһڴСĿ
ǡܺ
̲סһѪǲ̧ͷԶһĨɫӰ乭ǲܺһУŲϮ


972 
屻شǲȻЩţԼȻô׾ͱҪ
ֻǣ𾪵ģǳϵĿϲ
û뵽˽ӡ֮ϲ
ʹǱҪһ붼Ѿֲ˰׾ϸĴʢò˼飬౻䴩ҲȻû
Ѿǵһյشˣһڷ֮ʱ򣬾ͱˮľһ󶴣һֻǸһ㡣
鷳ǲϲĪ
ǲɨΧȴԭڸ֪Χ֮ڵĺھͰ׾Ѿˡ
ڵǱĵĺھͲ¶ͷˣԼİ׾ǼԾˡ
ܵͦ죡
ԭǲͺǲò룬ֻǻöѣǲУΪǲߵİ׾ͺھȻԼƿ֮ҪĶ
ӡˣڿԼˣǸ˵ڻҡ
ΥɵĳУǲЩĿ֮ؿڵĴвѪҺڴԼʣ
ˣҪץó⡣
ʱ˿̣ʣµҲ׷ɱ˺ܽˣֱ˻صħߣĵǲ
˫ֽӡڵĲעµħ֮Уͬʱͨ۵ֻۣħϵļ
֪ĴǣǼʶһ鵮Ĺ̰ɣ
ħ񲻶ϰθƣǿ֮ʱԭģĴһԭأ˫͵ſڿµ˻󣬷ӡױϣԭЩ͵ѹս޼ɵش˹ȥ
ҹԭЩջƣʱͻȻӿһƬƣƺԤſµĴڵĵ
˸׹⣬ӳ·ϣʮֵĹ졣
ħ⻯ʮβףڵβ޲ûռȫʱȻѾŴβеĲȫ󲿷ҲѾգΪˮľжױԭлҪ٣ʮβյĹ̻Ҫ١
ƺҲЩǲȲˣŲɱħ񣬿ٴ³ħ֮ץסȻ˻
ڣѾòˣ
ΪʮβΪνȻ޹ؽҪˡ
ǲ󣡡
ȫĲǲûһ㱣գýħԼ֮ģǧ˿׵Ѿֲ˶ˣɹʣ˵壬֮ģɲʮβǲʮ
ۿħĴԽԽװ޶ԵķָҲˡ
ˮʱǲҪŽҿԽħ֮޷Լ⿪תа취תĿƣħ֮һʱӦΪɣ
˼ǻȡ裿
ˮΣյľأȻ治ɫ
ҲȦˣҽתĿƣħ֮жϣǡ
ָ˿ββľ˺ĴĿˮӰʸ֣źҡҡͷ
ˡΪܹô̵ʱ䣬ѾˡһҪץʱ䣬ϣ
ˮƬ̣ǵͷ
ðɣҲûǾʹ˳ʱ򣡡
˵꣬ˮнӡƬ֮ϵķͱ߽⡣
ţˮеĲһϸСɫָĻУһڵķʹ˱顣
мĽշȻǲĿǣβ޶Ҫ˱ᡣ
»жɵķָչһֱۡ
ˣ
ָ˫ֺʮ״ĬĬת漴黯ħ֮ڵһβغ׵ĲԼȴ
ţָǰ˫סˮۣʼʩˮҲ˳
治ɮ˵ļǷƶȫƾһ죬ƻĵı²ƭˣ
ڷɣɹƭ
ôܺƭһβغǸɵӹԹԵڴ˼ʮꣿߡв磬ܵˡ
ǲ
ǲ˵л۸еõɮķ緶Եļһ˵һģ͵ı£óģΣβ޶ѵķӡȻ׾پͽˡ
ȻˮҲûкͷָѧ֮Ļ⣬תͷ˼յβ޲
ЩǺöûеĻûս
䣬ɫĽշ趯ڶʳһиһžβת۾ͱӡˮĻ帹


973 ָ
ˮȻóӡսϣ׻ҪһЩսġ
β޲õĹߣóӡĻ
Ǹ
ָˮԼȴֻһ߸ɿš
ǲҲӦðŪһ㣿ҵûԱĶܾе㲻ף
ˮͷҲصת뿪
ѾˣԱԱʲôϵ
˵Ҳǣ
ǰˮƵ˵
ǲҲǲˣҪҴȥ˳һôʱҽƵı꣡
ˣ鷳ˣ
һŵɫĽˮͷָڣ˲ܲ˵شǲȻ߻Ҳرճɻҽǿɱ
ţĲ֮Էãһźɫĳۼǲ֮⣬γˮͷָӰ
˵ĺôʲôף
ǲȻǿ󣬵ɱ壬ûˮİæָһֽţԼҲӳ磬ǣǲĻǽµļڰָһԼ壬ִֻ֮ݺڰѾûˡ
лˣһ
ΪǲȫʮβʱþϸټЩѾ˵ļһﱻħ֮ӦûŶԣһʱ˿ɳ֮
תȻѾˣӵĺڰȻǸĻҪжֲǲƣôôõ飿
Ȼһʱỹѹƣǲ㹻ԶܽͱٴβݵĿܣϾֻͨڰоƵġ
ܹڰ϶õѡ
мݵоҲ˸
ʲôģֻܹ΢һӰˣȫûʲôս
ܹоֶļ壬˵û漰ݣǿ϶ǲܵ飬жǾ˵׼ˡ

ջ˼ϵβ޲֮󣬸оħֳʵ˼ֵǲе㲻ظоƺһЩʣˮͷָѣһ־βʧȻӰ첻󣬵ȻЩѿ
ֻڣиҪǲʱҲȥ׷ûʲôüֵĻ塣
ʱ˿̣ħڵѾ˼£ݲ½֦ˡ
ھֹҲԶˮȲ˽ǲҲͻƵϣħҲôֹĶ
̽ɵѾˣʱˡ
ԭڵصħȻ񱻿ϵľľһ׮Ȼ쳤ʮβһػ衣
ԶȾŴβͻҪٵħ񣬸˵ѹѾܴˣ˾ģħԭڵüλãѿһ޴ۿһֻ޴ֻ״ͫ׳ǰ
ֻۡԣЩһ
ȷʵֻЩ񣬵лö쵽ڵĹ񣬵Ҳдۡ
֮⣬ˮľһ۵ϱħ׶ݻĸޣֳ˶ڲԶĴ޼־ĵԭ뷴һ£ˮľȾ̾ʵˡ
ֻдۣ
ˮľЦһֿ˸޵ͷ­
ӡˣͺԥѱǲߣȻǶ̽޾ļһ
ϵǲߵĻ壬׻ûֹǲΪʮβ
ԭиǿֻд۲ڣֻдۣҲԤʾʮβԶԶûдﵽ۷壬ֻǿָܹʮβĿĳ̶ȡ
һǲΪʮβҲǿ޷
ǿиɵļһؼҪ취Ըǲߣ
սʤļһɱ¾̫أںھ䰵֮ǰԼѾҪġ
ˮľϣƺҲоǲ߸ϹǲҲûԥֱʩչʮβӡӴʮβոոڷӡѹ֮£𽥱յǲڡ
һ̣˴Ͳľҹ֮⣬ڶʵʮβˡ
ʮβ
пϲǲڼ޾
Ȼʮβѹ֮ҪѹƲ˼ѣǲļ͵־׻ǳɹˡ
Ϊʮβ֮ȴĺôӴ󵽾˵ͻָɲǻתֿЦĲ֮Դﵽϲ壬ʮβǲֻҪɱѾͨ࣬Ϊġ񡱡


974 
Ӵ֮£ǲؿڵǵĲʲô౻ƣһ˵ˣʮβ˵ҲǶ໨һʱָѡ
еۿɼٶȻֳָϲøУǲ㡣
ǿţǲ벻Ǿˮɼ
գٹãǾҪˣ
˼ǲ֣ͷϼ͵ߣ΢һS״Ƶı˼Ƭ£ѾһЩı䣬Ϊʮβ컯ͷ״ͻ˳ֻۣۣдۡöֱһöֳȡ
۶̽Ȩʱ򣬱ʮβԼʮβ̽Ͽɵġ񡱡
ϵѹȫ̽඼оΣǸ֪ɫߣٴС
˻սƴɱߣ󲿷˶ʮβķ򣬾ڰߵˣںڰ֮УͻȻӭ糿̫ĵһƹһ
ʮβĿɲϣĹâ
һսУþûйˡ
ƯڰеĿӰҰľؿɢϡǲǰʮββ˴ĿģڣͱĸСʮβȴ˼ɵ
óĳݡԭ֮ҲҪʩţԴҰľͣôѾܿɹˣҪ˵ʮβֻ۵һܹԸģܹǲѹ֮»йأΪǲעץסˡ
ռβ޲ʮβøǿؼʱ̣ǲܱĩãһЩν飬ôԴǲҲΪԼлѹ̽磬ӵֻҲУֻгΪʮβܹþǿԼ顣
˵ǣǲɹˣڵ˳Χ֮ǰβϬȮ׻գռһְββĲȻǺܳ㣬ǿǿˡ
ħֻʧȥ˲ʮβǣͽѣֻʣ±ܣսȫֻ۵ӵ߲ݣ̫ܵˣʮβ֮ȻԿƣʵڿֲӡڡɾʮβ֮ѾһֶܹɱĴڵġ
̽ȨϵľѹƣͬȼĴڣǿһʱԽʮβܣɱʮβͱؿ˰Ŷݼ׵֮󣬻˿µȻ˺ʮβȻ޷ɱ֮壬Ǳϵĺ蹵һ֮ңƴֿɼʵϸʹﲻ
ļҲ޷в񡱵
ȻиɻֻҪƳǲʮβݣ䲻֮ʵҲǿԻܵģһѡ
ͷҪϣ֮ô
ˮľ֪棬ǲѾﲻԶˣԷ˲ûиҲʮβǲ
һӦѾԹ˼ǲϵĺ֣ʲôư׾ϸʩչֻ֮ӡʲôģǲܹעһֱӿʮβ϶൱İգڱ֮ǰǲսʤ
ľǲѾеˣͷעĵ߰磿Ҳá
ٵһûг̫⣬ҪԭиǿĴҰӣǲܹԭһ˺;Ŵβ޴ɺͽãûҲӰ֡
β޺ͽ⣿
ˮľЦһŤͷǲߵķʱ򣬻ǵýעһϣϣĴսɵǿڡ
ʱ򣬻ʱ򣡡
Ҫһһڳԣ¸ҲҪһһ̫̰ģıһ򾡲ʵ
ǲǰͰ߰ǰСBOSSԸˣˮľҲκĴˡ
óҲóˣǲôܹ˺మɱǧ䣿
˫ֽӡʩչͨˮľؿŵĸϤӰ̴ӶȴӰˢڸУǿľҶôܹ
λȴӰ۾ˮľصǻع
ƺǶĿǰ״Щ⣬ĿӰǧͶĿӰǧ䲻ɫؿˮľĴĿӰˮϳˮľֻеûж˵ʲôĿӰԳնȿ˿ڡ
ˮľԭ㣬û뵽ϷҲΪ˻תĿ꣬Ϊ
е鷳
ˮľЦЦ
֮ľҶ嵽Ҫλʱ򡭡


975 ɨ
Ȼ˽ͣʵʲôҲû˵ˮľȻûȡΡ
ʱԶĲӦ˴ҵע⣬ǧǲϮķ
ϤĲǰߣҲ޷⣬Ҳ޷ð
ǧһµģˮľµ˵
͹ҲУԷ⣡

Ȼ֪ľҶǲӦúͼһˣʱ֮󣬻ҪеľսʵЩ˼
С˵మɱʵҲǳδĽ
𾴵ֳˮľǧ䲻ʵ
һǰͨףһǸյļһҲˣôǳֲֶϵߣ
ˮľмر˱죬ԼһֿĽʼٸ߾ȻԹûнڲ٣һٲЦʮ
Ŀһ죬˼ؽӻ
̫飬ûй̺ܽãöʧˡ
ǡӡٴμ棬Ȼôˣ
ǧŤͷ˿ȻͻȻȵ
˭
ָĶվԼһԵĴĿӰˮš
𣿡
ˮòزĴָʾԼ۱ŵļ֡
ǻӰĴĿǰûмҺϾѾ˺ܶ꣡
Եǧ߹Ĳˮŵļ
ǸСӣѾٴĴĿ˭
ǸñȽ磬ĿҪһ֪
ӣ֪𣿡
ĿӰԳնҡҡͷ
̫սʱŲصĿԺܴ󡣡
ŲأȻǺ룬Ҳˡ
λȴӰ˵Իˮľھ
ŲûеĿѾˣ
ףǻ֣ѹִҪЩæĿ˭
εĻӰĿѡǳ˵Ů֣
¿ˣ
ƺܴ
СʱûнȾ˶ĲĶϰû뵽ڻ˻ӰҲ֪ѴŪʲôӡ
Ҫ˵˵
ԶȳƵǧֹǧɢɥϢŤͷˮľ˵
ˣȻܹ֪ͨҲ٣ǳңΪܹɵƷǣ
ˮľشĿӰԳնʡ
ǰ˻ʹйᣬֻû̫֤ݣõӡͽϣڿҲ˲٣ô֪㻹ԴӴ⣿
ˮľĬһ᣺
˵ƾȷʵе鷳֪˵ˡ
ˮľ˫ֽӡʩչͨ˲䣬һϤӰ֣Ǽ˱ȽϤ־Ųء
λֵʦͽٻᣬɣǲߣֵһ󣡡
Ҫȥ
ˮľŤͷ˳ĿӰҰľ֮Ӱķ
Ǳ߻иֵĵҪһ£һǷͷжȽϺãʱȣҾͲ˵ˣλأ
˵꣬ˮľһʧԭء
֮
ǧͫ΢΢һ
˲õ˲ţϧ̫
ǧһƨڵϣƺǧողغЩС
ǸСһаʱ䣬ҪΪ¾Ǽ֣ҲܹƾѻתǼͲһˡ
ǧԶԣȷʵתֻҪ֪ʩչĽӡַܹƽ⣬ǶЩֻ֪ãȴԭͨߣķӡ֣֮󣬿ɲô׶Ըġ
΢һ»תҩʦܹˮľЩҲʲôûƵˮľԤϵһĵôû׼
ʧôȻ־ŲˣҪüλȴӰǵԼԸС

оΪİ׾УսǿļһҲû̫ǿһֳ뻯ľݣټʮֲֿľ֮ҪûӰ̶ֳȵǿߣûа취ɱסľ֮һʱỹԱѣټϰ׾ʵ̫ѶԸˡ
Ӱǰ·ϣΪɱУֻΪ˶һµˣһ¶Էжѣǲ߻ǲ˳¡
ֻǵùоûеȵӰȴȵ˸Ӳˮľ
ɨӣžһ⣬ݲƬ̴⣡
ִоҽ
ͨݵоδʹľ֮εضһ˫ַˮľĲ֣һ״ľͷβɨʯɽˮľҲòâ
ͷôҲȻöԸ
һǰϮľҶʱǿˡ


976 
βܽԶԸļһ˵ܱȽ鷳ˮľ˵ҲֻǶһֽš
ǰԼ޷ֿǿУҲֻˮľ΢Ŀѡ
ľ֮ӴͣԼԵֵǿټľݵ޸԰׾ӴͲȷʵʵս
Ҫܹѹоǿ֮Ͳһˡ
ģʽˮľȶоݵľ֮Ĵ볤β֮շתŲûб˵ֺʱжâ޷մˮľ½ǡ
ȻоݵľͲҲֻԶԣˮľٶȱʵǲ̫Զˡ
ɷݡ｣
Ըִͷ｣ʵ̫ˣֻҪ΢׼ûдеĿܣ൱ɹۣ׼ķбƻҲʮ־ˣο｣תĵбܹп̽󲿷ֶɱﵡ
оҲʶΣ٣һ˫׳ľͷֱۻǰͼԼӶܣֻϧӳSͲ˼򵥾ֵܵģֱ۱תķ׾ٵնϣȥƲľ˹͵Ĵӣû֮Ȼڲ߽˿Ƽ᲻ɴݵľ޴ľˡ
Űķ籩޹ĴҴϸСУľͷʳĩӵ£ƲоһѣҲѵˣóݶڵ£ƽϢ֮󣬲ٴ˳
󣡡
ˮľЦһ˺ѾоƣѾİ׾˵ֻҪʢֲһơ
е⣬òƽҾҪˣ
ľоȻԵ٩˵ϾҪɱĲԼһ
ıѾˣҲһʱԱķôνֻϧ㵲סҵ·
ǻźұסĲ㣡
һ
ʹҲġ
սķ˹Ͳʱ顣
ɼΣֻûлˡ
䣬оͻȻһ״壬ԼٶϮת۾ҧоĲϣڵĺɫĴӱҧĵطѸӣȻбֿƣҲסож
Ƭ̵ĵ飬֮ˮľٽоߣĳȵĻоɣһͽоճ˻ҽ
ո͵ϮоЭˮľӰӲԶӰ˳ʱˮľһӪĴ裬ŹЦߵˮľǰ
һеʵİ׾ҲˣʣĻˣǸʮβ֪ǲɣ˾ȡǲߣҲˣΪһеĻ˭
ͰĿǰʵδʮβǲԶ۷ǲȻǿ󣬵ˮľ˽˵֮׼Ӧ൱İղŶԣֱڣˮľȻС΢һпܵ
ڿֵܳԶԸĵˣٵڻûпܹˮľٴеĴڡ
ˮľϸһΧĶȷоѾȥ֮󣬲ش
̫СʮβˣڵԶûдﵽ۷壬ΪΪʲôѾ˼ռβ޲
ʮβĿģ
ͷʾ⡣
ǣѾĿڣʮβǲǲߵĻ壬޵еĴڣ̽ôĸ֣ôҲܹǳ׷ӡ
ˮľÿɷʼ硣
ôΪĻԼȥԣ
ѵ˵ʲôûпǵأ
Ҫ۵飡
ʮβȫ彵٣¶罵ոȫĲǧ֮һϴǰ϶飬ûд̽³ܻӲ
ǺðɣҪʲô
ˮľҡҡͷ
ˣ
ôأҲûеף
ǱҲҲȥˣǲӦûлᣬǡ
һֻֻҲôõģˮľھҲӦûôҲϻȡ

̽һӣ³нϷֶӣѾ˾ţ֮صر꾻ƿ֮ǽǺֵܷӡֻʹ΢һβѾ൱ѶԸˣǻǽͺ«ر
ϧջսʵĲ̽
˵УǲĸȤؿŷӡ˾β꾻ƿͺ«


977 ֱ
ܹվžģҲͻмĴ³㣬׵ĸ³ѾǲߴƣƿᣬҲѾľ˲
ʹѪ޽Ĵ³ҲѾǿ֮ĩˣ㵹мľ֧ǲǰʵǲ
òӦþǼʮǰ˵ǲߣת֮̽磬Ҫʲô
ǲ߲мԿһ۴Ŵ㡣
˼䡭˰ɣûӦڼ峤°ܽҸ಻ĵСһ壬Ҳվǰ˵ˣ
ε壬ǧֺǲԶֲǳͷҲֻǧּǲҲ֮󣬲ν̽һŵĴţ֮
ڼҺͷּҷֳֵ壬ûпܽ۵ʵֵ˵Ϊתˡ
Ųǲ壬ȷʵûʲôֵýʱ
ǣôҲǴǧĺţеİȻٶ١
ڳȭƵΪѵʹȭԿƣȴֻɫܺǰ޹
統һֻۣ֪ص֮
˶࣬ۿЩŵ㣬ܹ಻ġڻҡ롰ӱ֮⣬ûпȡ֮壬伫Ҳ̶ֳֻȶѡ
ϸ»ӿۿҪɱʱһ׳ľεض𣬲ǲ߿Ƶܺĳϣֹɱ¾Ŀܡ
ľݣ䣿
ĻԶˮľųԸǲߵļλΪ׵һʹľݵģˣĿӰǧ䡣
ǧѵ¶һ˿أϤɫܺǰԶԸǿУû뵽˻Ҫûзֳʤȥ
ߣ㣬뿪ľҶʱ˵Щûǣ

ǲ߷Ц
ôܷʮȥˣ磬ȻսҲݣֻǴӼս˹֮սȫûʲô𣬺ǵսʱĳԶȻ·ˣһλ
ҶѾ˵ڣЩʲôã̽δԼѡ񲻺ô
Ҳǽ䣬ǵõҴȥǲ洫ʯ
ν۶ϣʲô⣿
·Ĳͬ䣬ڣ㿴ҵķ׵õʲô
λȴӰ־ŲأлС֮ǧ䣬ݣȵӰҲˣҪʤɲô򵥵飬ڣǲ߼е֪ƻ׳ʲô⣬Ϊʲô׾ҪˣǲϵĽӡҲûãһΪʮβȥĻԼҪջϲһˡ
·ļȻǿ󣬵Ҳ˶ѣȫԸǲǰȻǶ֣ʵûдﵽ۷ĻҲһ
λȴӰȵУǲߵĻۿе˫Ͳдֱӱɵֻ״̬ԭ˲ֱӵƸӵıˡ
֪һĻ־ŲؿǶϤ۾ȵ˵
ԭˣĺ췢ӵеֻ۾ģνġ֯ҲֻǱùӣĻֻ֣ģҲʲôӣ
ȻųƲ֮ܵƵ׻ǲٵģܹȫĻһжǿ̸
ѵ֯Ŀ˸ʮβ񡭡˵ظ
ǧ˼һᣬͨ뵽һֿܡ
ֻӵߵʵʱȫ
ǲЦſǧ䡣
㻹ôϲˣСҵĵܵȪǲֵã
³ʲôãѾͼذʱҪҲûпˡ
ãȻԻ帴ʮβ˱ˣļƻ˴⣬Ҳȥ
ǲ߲мر˱졣
ЩʣӰȣҪЩ·ļһ
ǲ߲ܺӡһɺƵĲڿУĪѹȸԶ
ɻǲڸʲôʱһž޴Ӱ岻̧ͷȴؿ˲˼һĻ
ʯ콵
յľ޴ʯһĪǣֱżվĵط
֮һз
ľݡԲ֮
ʱҲֻǧֵܹˣĲע£һֻֻľͷճգͼоٴľ޴ʯ


978 
ɽҰľͷֱۣ˵ĸо𺳣ɽһѹʯҲ·˶һΪнսϲӵĶӳ³
һӵľȫˣȫûĴ̽սӮˣ³ҲѴ̡
ܶģϽ뿪
³ǷԼҲ𰢴ͰĦϽˡ
жҲ׷Ч¡
ĴĿӰˮźͶĿӰǧ䣬򲻹ʹ÷֮׷׽ʯ콵Χ֮ڵǴߣĿӰԳնʩչͨԼֵͨޡԳħ˳
ףô˹ԣѾˣǻת
Գնͷ
ϻ飬ֿԲսˡ
Ǳߵܺǲ߰ɣô̽ôµļһУôܹٻģ
ȻΪͨԼڵԵʣϵڣʩչͨɲô򵥵ģͨٻҪԼҪ㹻Ĳ⻹һز٣ʩߵѪҺĻתûϵģŵĻǲߵĻ壬ûĻֻ۵ͶӰҲͨħʮβ
ֻдǲ߻ŵʱ򣬴ۿпһֻ۲źʮβͨϵ

ĿӰԳնЦЦ
Ѿҽ׼ˡ
λȴӰǵѪҺǧǧ̫Զ̫Ū֡ĴĿӰˮҲ࣬ĿӰԳնսʱˮľڸ˳ռһѪҺʵ̫ˡ
ҾͲˣô
һ۲ӵĽ԰ɣ
Գħǿ˲Ŀģʵ𹿰ʱ᲻ɴݵԣS޷˺Գħ壬̽һĶҲ˵
Ǻã
任һ޴ӣЭĿӰǧ䶥סͷľ޴ʯ
𹿰쳤ʯûжĶǵܲסʼˡ
Уʯ̫ˡ
ǧʱҲ۵ùǺĿӰԳն˵
ӣҪɣңʯжŵһߣҲֲ˶á
һɽһʯ̽磬ʮβҲǧܹ顣
ãԳħһ
Ƶĺ¡ʯ·оﴫݵй
ǲ߿ŶæµصֿԼĹм˵
Ϊˣ
һɿµѹ
ǰɣ
ǧ¶Цһö콵ʯΪѣһöⲻҪô
˵岢ᱻ򵥵ʯܣ·̽ԱžԮ
ӣ˷ˣϽԱߣ
ԳնҲûԥкԳħ𼸸˵ڵϵ̽Աܡ
ǧ¶֮ɫ˫ֽӡĲϳһɫķģģʽ컯Σ֣֮ҲҴ⡣
ľݡľ֮
ǧӴľ֮ɲоʹõֻɫʵ׳ı۰޲ʾľӴ
׳ľ˫΢΢¶ף첲˫ֳס޴ʯ˵ڶöʯĳ֮ľ˵СȰض
ߣһȻһʣʵ̫ˡ
֣䣬̫Щϵ뷨ԺƽԸһֱûʵ֣Ҫǵ룬ҪûѪõĺƽû˻ϧ
һɺԣ
ǧŭĿԲʹľ˷ƶö޴ʯ΢΢б֮ǲ߾޴ܺ˹ȥ
Ȼһ˶ûмСֺ
Ա׷ɹʯѾܺθߵȫǲ˿ûжܵ˼
ǲ˫ֻ֣۵ĳƾ˵öʯ׾ٵصһߣеؿվľǧ䡣
˼ʮǰսȣһ㼼һҲû䣬һΣҿҪǿ̫ˣ䣡
ûдô֪ʤһôԮûʤģĴʲôߣְɣ
֣ѾˣԸ⣬ǱߵļһҲܰ;ˡ
ѾͷȻעһǲѾɾʮβôʱȴһȥ򣬾ûп˵ġ
ɫıܺӱгܹƽɽĳǧɱ˹ȥǧҲʾľ˲ųصĲӭǲߵȫܺ


979 
ˡ֮սû㹻ʵͨ˻ԶһȽϺá
صܺľ֮ײ̫ͨ˵ĶĤѳѪ
ǲߵܺĳǲ˺ǧݵľˣȴ޷ϡ
Բ޵ǧ˵ûӰ죬ѹסľݣ½ľ˵أľݲ޲֮£Ƭָܻ̾
ʵͼΪǿߣ˼ʮ궼ûзֳʤ˫˫ӵ޲Ĳ֮һҪһǲܵ顣
ǲʱ˼ʮֻ꣬Ѿѹסǧˣ˴򵽵Ĵսܶھ塣
ǧƴάǽŵתƵ̽ԱԶԶսĿֲԡ
ֻһ֪øľҶߣŲԶͼǧĻǡ
ŲسϡλûпĻӦҲȴӰ
ȥʵ˼ϸ¶ɻ֮ɫĿǧͶĿǧΪԶܻϴͻӰϵͷҲ̫ˣڻӰ칫ļλѹʻӰǣֻҪ΢⣬ͻֶᷢߣĴĿӰˮźĿӰԳն˾͸Ӳϴˡ
صصͷȴûж˵ʲô
̽ʩչתģһľҶ߻ǰľҶߣڴݴѾ˵ڣΨһʩչתľҩʦָӲոͨ鱨ҩʦѾľҶҵˮľɱ
̽绹ʩչתֽģˮľ֮⣬Ӧòеڶˡ
һʵݡ
λȴӰزʩչתɾԲһʱܹ飬˵ˮľܾǰѾֲܹ˽ˡ
ԤϵҪ㹻սӦǿУв֮ģǰߣ˵Ͳһˡ
ΪսҼʵǿĻѾЩ鲻üƽϵ̫ףʱ򣬴豻ĿӰԳնĹ£ܻܿһηˮľϡ
ʵ鱾ǲ֪ģľҶʹʵ飬οˮľȾָǸ˾ĻתŪߵ飬ڴУֻ׵ĴŻó
ˮľ𣿡
ҲɵǰЩѾпľҶʩչģתֽʩչģҲֻоͨӡͨˮľˡ
ԣ
ҡҡͷ
һеս֮˵ܽ˻ܣһжǿ̸
ˣҲҪȵʤȯ֮ڽС
ˮľǹǱΪˣԺ顣
ǰ
ű͵˫ֱۣԶսನ÷ɽʯ鲦
οɱǰ̽սΣնˣ֪ʲôǳ
Űɣˮʯһ̲Զˡ
׺Ӣ۱ɫÿ̽ΣӦ˶֮Ӵֵʱ
ֻǣܿܿԺգǱ΢糾ֻǳ֮ΰı塣
ź㿴˿Ӫ˲εҡҡͷ
ģˣ
̶̵ļ仰ʱ˲ڼį
ֻܿЩŪž̽δԼֻܱܵĸоʵڲܡ

Ϊʮβ֮ǲͨѾȫûˣƿжԻĹ򡪡ܹһӡѪ֮ȫֵ
Ϊʮβ֮Ҳȫ޻ǲ˵һЧҲζҲ𲻵á
ȻҲѪ޽Լ仰˵ǲеͲд۵޷ʹˣ黯ܹǽԼռ䡢ʵֿٵĿռ䴫ͣѾˡ
ԭôͲдۣڳ˳͵Ķ֮⣬ֱǰ衣
ȻҲʮβּǿǶԵġ
ڣѾ¶ݵǲҲùس䵱ǲߵǰˡ
ȻΪʮβ֮ǲݱ˲٣ҺʮǰģҲЩ𣬵һֱǹĵľϳͬ飡
𣿡
Լޱڵսѣٴγִ𺳣ľɵó
ܾǰȷʵǲ֮
ӦľģĮ
ѾңǼ񣡡


980 ͨ
ʵĵӼᶨǲ̽־ϣϻӰ룬ҲĵкۼڣѾܶҡԼ뷨ˡ
ȻȷǾʶֵµɱһ㶼ûֹͣ
ľܹ˵ʮβģҲֻͲд۵ͫˡ
޼᲻ݣڳܼѹ£Ҫ׼ȷеˣԲǲѪľ˵Ǽѵ顣
ӴʮβҪײ٣߲ͨεʮβ̫ˡ
ѾˣԼ˵Ļ
ľһ߶ǲȵĹһͼѵĻ䡣
ͬļһˣ㲻ô˵ģ
ǲľȻؼ˪ش
Һ˵ֻǣôģҿǿսͬѪȵĸо㣬Ѿ˰ɣ
֪
ľЩȣ飬ڿӦûĻ
ǲѾڶ˵ˣľֻһ±ںȣΧߵĹȻض˴Ұӣǲĺϻ
ˣжݲͻҲδǲ軹ڶӰҲڰöĹ֮·׷ױ⡣
ԵûдﵽƣѾΪʮβûκ塣
ûʹԽԽʱͻȻһס
ˣ侲ǰûн̹㣬ʱҪɣ
ɫˣ
˾ϲؽе
Ҫ˵磬˭ӰĻѾ˵ĿӰԳնͽԼŲĺҰ³֮⣬ҲҲˡ
ʱ򣬽Ҳ͵սˮľʵ½ˡ
ˣͽҲˣһ̫òҪ֧Ԯ
ǲô߹ΪΪԵʵδرȵʮβǲƻҲǲģֻȫܺټݵԼḻֲս飬ͲһֶܹԸġ
˵ΪʮβǲгʮβһֶƽĻǲȫû㣬ھϵһ࣬Աڸǣǿ
Ҳͷ
ȥæɣڣǲᵢ£
ʱռıܹ̽˵սԽ˾۶ʱÿռ任ʱķƣȷʵ˴æ
ʲôڲҪˣʮβǲߣЩһѾûѡˡ
Ҳ˵ţǶˮľЩΪ˵ֶα飬ҲǸԼԼҪʱҲܹѡ
ǰˮľҲһжѾûʿչ߳ĽˣܲҽƲӣԼָӲͨѶӡ
½ʹ÷֮뿪֮Ҳصؿǲɫܺ׹˸񽣡꣬ȴֻ۵ѹ֮ǱûնɱĿ꣬ӲƻƲĹܣԶǰһ֮ʸ䴩ǲϬ
ľҲֻͽ͵صͲд۵ȴ
֮£ʹģʽСӣóǿУĻԵѾΪ͹ˣˮľŽβĲϰõķжݣļӳ£СӣٶȺѾʹ׶ݲԻ֮ķӦˣԶߡ
ΪжݱûŹٶȭͷﵽġЧǡʮβܻĹʽ
ͬ𣿡
˵ͷְյ˵
ûпʦдۣٶȻ̫Զȭ˵㣬СӣǱߵģʽʵúö࣬ܲҲսʽ
ҲմȾ˲ٳͷ
ÿ˶гҪĲĽĶѣӦŬԼĳ

Щɻ
ҵĲǶҪ࣬ô
ҲɣⲻҪģŵóݣǹǿĶģʽļӳɣԣϣ޶֮⣬Ǿβضĵпã
ƣ
׼ȷ˵ǻơ
ͬʹʮβ˭ռеԴ࣬͸ǿ
Ҹô
ƶǶеʵ
úùͨڵľβȻ뷨˵βޣ㲻˵Ŵβ޵ľռ䣿ǻᡭ⣬Ҳġ


981 ԶԤ
β޺Ĺϵѣ֪顣
ҲǾԵģĿǰβţȣβľ˵ĹϵβϬȮҲࡣ
ŴβеĴ󲿷ֶȻܣҲ̸ϳӣֻǶྴԶ֮
ֻβ࣬βպ;β
ߵĹͬƻǿõսβ۶ս൱õĵͼڣβԾԵʵΪľҶһٶõĹߡ
ɣǿ಻ϲ飬ĳͻҲܹ࣬кӡŹ֡
Ҳ˴Ŵβ޵⣬Щεҡҡͷ
ѣоԼڵľβҺᣡ
Ϊˣôʵǰǿ˲٣ʧȥˣ
ҲЦ˵
ô֪ȻԵһߣ϶飡
ԣ
ԣһҪ
ҲָԶʮβǲ˵
״̬£޵еģڻԵȵ֮ǰֻʤ㣬£ֻ

һеӢ۵Ļᣬٴ
һҪɹ򣬾ûܹ򵽵ˣͬˡ
֪ͺãͰɣ
ȻҲ˵ɣеѣôῴ
£Ҫ˵β޺վͬһӪԵУǻⶼѣǶƵİβţȣҲֻǶضѣٻһԣˣ
ָ˿һȥ˵ŴβȻܣϢҲȴж˳ɹĿԲС
Ҫд˵ʾҵؼ
ҲĲסЦ
޵еʮβû㣬ʮβȫһСֲûлգȱһ֣бʵӰ죬ȫָ̬ո̽ĲȻܹеȱһСҲֵһӡ
ôһС⣬ƾֵĹؼ
Ϊʮβڲƽ⣬ʮβԺͶͬľŴβ޵Ĳѹ㣬ֻҪⲿţڲһ㣬Ŵβ޴ڲϾԵҪˡ
ŴβȻһ壬ݷָڣѾǾŸˣȻԸʹ
˵Ŵβ޺йͬĵˡ
ֻһ㻹Ҫһβ֮ͽ
ѡˣڵ˿Ҳһ
ԲľɽĴ˵ԤԣҲֻҲ˵ƫӡ
Ŵβε˭
ӹɣǴ˾Ŵβ޵ˡͲľ¡
˳䵱мȻͲڵڣϣþŴβεģɾָļ̳ߡ
ǵģ֮˵ʼǴӴģǳ֮ڡ
Ԥô˵ģ
˵߾Ŵβ֮ˮľ֪֮⣬ҲֻдӹŴеڵͨʥصֻ֪Ƭ
ͷҰ֮ıꡱ˿еԤ֮ӣβΧߣΪսһ̽Σʱ򣬽ΪӢۡ
Ǳ׿ָľת⣬־Ͳı䡣
Ŵβ޶֪ԤԣڵľβȻҲ֪ģҲΪʲôԭƢľβȻһδΰؽʹãȴ˺ˣȻ˺ܶ鷳ӽ˵˶ֻкôûлһδεذ˷׻Բɺϡ
Ҳһʼûвôˣûϳ˾ԼĴ߿е֮˵ĻǾβҲ̫ˡ
ǴӴ֪һ˿Ҳ϶Ҳ֪ĻڣеѾˡ
˵Ŵβ޵񣬽˾Уôǲ¶ɲһ׵飬˵ڲ㣬ûбǲ¶ʵĻһжǿ̸
߰ʵǿľǲҰӣ̽͵˲ţڻûкʮβаıǮ
ôܹӰǲڵʮβĶֻʣһˡ
˴˵ľ棬־˺˵Ȱ룬ҲһҲЩҡ˾
ʹֻۣǲʮβĿȨþŴβ޴ڲ
λսУӳϰһֻֻۣٴóʱˡ


982 ;
ǲѾܾûôˣ龫ǵʵʩıƣȻҲʮõ飬ײԵѹһˬ
׷ˣûлˣҺ֮Ĳ࣬ƽӤ֮Ĳ໹Ҫ˵ĺ蹵
ľȻضƲڰƮͻǲӰ
ڼΪȴˣҲֻǿı򣬴Ѿ;ˡ
;ʲô;
ǲЦţڳìԼٶȻǲܺؿڿһ󶴣Ȼٴηأ̴ܺļ
Ҫǲܵ˺ĿɾͲܺǱˡ
ʦôĿ꣬ʵ̫ԶܶԷʤĹˡ
Ȼܺܵ˺ֻҪѹեͫͿԻָҲ̫ˡ
֮£ҰӣȻɫģʽĻԵߣԼϢṩĴʱõģʽʱ⣬СӣϾҲֻһʮҵСŮ¾ѵϵ;ƣǿȵĳʱսʺ
һٶعգټǲݵвһ̶ܴ⣬ϵѹȸҲ֮ȥ
뾫ϵ˫ƣСӣȭͷ˰ġ
ȥ϶ǰ취ʮβн޵Ĳ飬־ս̽һ൱
ҪԮǡ
ľҲΪѣֲܹսĸָôˣӰȻûиϵֻĿӰҰľڰдѾһûԮˡ
˵ˮľķ֮ĻԣӦòĲȻûܹ˵סˡ
ߵս˵һߵĵҲС֮ʮβвҲˡ
鷳Ҳ˹ˣӦûа취ģټһᡣ
ʵıƴڴ·磬ҪתƣҪھ־ϲܶҡ
ڼһĪչʱݵǲͻȻͣµĶٵطϸ߿գż˵Χ
ʲô£
ľСӣûзֻܿţǲѸлܺս̬˫乭֮ʸ׼߿еǲ˹ȥ
ѸݵתۼȻǲʹûǰֱӶ࣬ǲȻеϲ
Ǹһƺ⣬ЩԹ˲ϾûһֶΣ
ûзͫûˣ֮ʸȻǿ󣬵ʮβûпãֻ˷
ӵзƣҪֻܶ࣬ͬˣܹЧԡ
֪ԼǲæѰԾ֮
˫ֽӡɫɻֲһ޵ĽĻǽ𣬽ǲԼС
󣡡
ֻǷΧ󣬶ҲΪ̣ԶԶλӰͬʱʩչĳֻʮβʩչн
ողúõ󣬾ӭ˿飬ҰľĳײĻǽϣȻ˼ѹֻǻζ˼£Ȼûѣǲܺʹõ֮ʸҲ޹Ұӣʩչ޻ת֮ǿĻǽͱΪҽ
ν֡Էǿ̫ˡ
ľرĻǽڱεʮβǲЩź
߱ڵ޷۽б壬ܲʱռŤ磡
ֱӹǲֻ˶Σˡ
ͬʱҲı£ϥڵϣѾӦΪ׿ռк;Ŵβ޽档
ҲòҲ˾޴ı仯
ѾģʽҲܱļΪԣ־˺˷־ҲļͷϽ͵Ҳڡ
䲻ֻҲԵøӲϣԭ°ϣѾ˰ɫĳ룬ǣԭŵֻѾʧͷ룬ѿһŵĿӣһöֻǶУת֮䣬ɢž޴ѹȸС
ɫֻۣβսеõһöΪҵħ֯͡Ĳأˮľ͸ֵİ£Ҳֲʹֻ۹ͨħ񣬶һΣһؾҪˣߵʮβƬ̾ͱҲʹֻ۽ϵʼϸǲڵʮβ
СҲӴҪץʱ䣬ΣˣϾ֮ҲܵģǿƲֻ̫á


983 Ʒ
֮־˺˺Ҳ塢ֱվҼͷ
ɶȺܸߣܹںϣںϣܹǿƲݲ֯ںϣֻ۾˵ǿѹ֮£ҲΪһ壬ʱܹ硣
ĿƷȻҪȼֲҪɿö࣬Ҳӡ
Ҳܹģʽʿ϶
мʣҲûǲӦԣܹһѾΪѵˡ
֮ʵϱĸ߽ģʽ˻汾
βЧֻۣҲɷѿģֻ֪ۺħʮβĹϵ֮һռݲϵֻ۶սͱճָ̣ƺ̫ա
ҲһΪѡƺ֪˲ϢԴе״ǺܻЩš
֪ĻġڣĪҲҲǿ󣬵ǰ飬ܲǴġ
ǸƵĽô죿
־ǡ
̥ڷӡɵ񼼣еֱָ̽籾Դĸ߽ǿϣһҪԸһ
Ҳֻѹơ
ڵͽ׵ʱ򣬻ʾڷӡܹӳʵ̫ˣǲʹõʮβӡǷӡľʮβƷӡ
þ͸ֻۣڤڤ֮еϵʮβڵķλҲЦ
ռ֣Ҳ˽磬ûа취ûˡֻϣܹһٽ
δ䣬ͼԶΧͻȻһɫĿռ籩ĻǽŤѣɻһǵĽʯռʧ
ת֮䣬Ƽ᲻ɴݵһ󶴡
ûᣡ
ǲܺ첽ǰնԭЧѵĹڽٱ֮˵ɢҵĳɫ񽣵Ĺ֮£ûκεֿɢˡ
ţһʯεض𣬲ס˰еǲ͵һ˦һʮβڵһصˤڵϣҳһСĿ
ոʹ˳ݵĴҰľû㹻ٴʹãֻԮˡ
һֻʯͷ޹ƾճ֣ڴҰľݡ֮ļӳ£ٵطɵǲ棬޴ʯȭͷȻ¡
֮
һ˲ӳֵ£صػǲϣ׼ǲҵ
ӶȭϺ֮䣬ʯ޹ָͻȻȻѳ飬ӦǱֻ۵ơ
⻹ǽöԼٶȷվǲըɡ
ڿûأǲһϱ任״һͷһĹİҪǲһš
ںǲʮβȨҲһϲŤͷͿ˴ӵվԭģʽʾɫһɫͫ
βɺͽ֮ɺģʽû˳⣬ܹ㹻ӳʱ˾ģϵģҲǰҪ޵öࡣ
ɹˣ̫ˣˣ
ҵİɣ
ܹŵģǶڱǵʵӯĲԼԲǰһµµΪ
̫ˣ
Ҳָпçײ꣬ؼʱˡ
ɫˣϢһ£ɫ̫ã
ʵǿֻۣɫܺòŹ֣ûֲ׾߳ϸֲмǧּˣܹʹѾˡ
ܹʹʮβֱܣҲѡ
ǿʹֻۣȻҪĲĵģǲ۲۵Ҳԭһͷſİ׷ڶ˼˥ܵĲ԰ף粻ϸĻעⲻ
ŵصͷȻǰδеĸ٣գ֮ǲߣʱ˿̣ѾЩ;ĩ·ǲƲסڵʮβʹöѣûֻ̯ڴҰľǲʹҰӣĺϻ֮¶Ҫ޵
˵ǲڵڳͻƽϢͼʮβǿĳ־սɹѹأȴû뵽˳䲻ϮһöŹӡĵĲС
Ŷݡ裡
зӡԵĴŶݣƲԼǿӡҲͬ͵Ŀǡ
ǲʩչʮβӡ̾ͱ򿪵һȱڣŴβ޵Ĳ˲뿪ǲ塭


984 ֻ
ȻŴβ޵Ĳʵֻֻβ޳ͣβ;βǲռ̫ˣγȫβ޻
ʧȥʮβĲǿҲˮ룬ֻʣʮβǡħṩĳǿά
ȻЩǲ˵Ѿ޲ˣʧȥѹһеľʵ߰һ˶ܹв
ʧȥʮβݣû˲֮֮ʤܵľƾͳŤתˡ
ػǲףҪóԸǲôˡ
ǲĳԼʱǲеͲд۷ԭΪʮβļ߿ԣʱʧЧʱռֿԶԼʹˡ
ٴʱѾڱȽңԶĸߴӸµؿ·ڴϢĵ߰ࡣ
һʮβſ£ѾǼΪѵõսˡ
սҵĶܴ󣬾Ҫ׷ҲҪϢһС
ʧȥʮβݣڽеħȻṩųǲںսǰ޴ƣѾȫûаٽѹƣؾŴβ޵Ĳˡ
Σǲɴʩչͨڵħ˳ԼѹͬʱҲԽԼħȫս
ʱһӰ
ӴղҪһܵˣʧˣϧ
ǲ˿ûйܴɵɥĮش
ֻʱۣܵûʲôˣѵҲ⣬ͱȽϿģǲսѣ
˵
ھмЦ֮ǰһҪھնɱģĿת۾Ϳʼơ
׼ô죿ʱ䣬Ȱæ
ܾãǣܹ
̽һкöսûеӰ֮УֻĿӰҰľǰˣ˼ɵˮľҲӰֻʵֹ
ôǿУǲȫʢʱڣ˵սʤ֮Ļᣬֻǻ״̬治һܹɱΧ
ǲСһʱӢۣߵʵԲ
ĿԴ
ҪúÿǲߵʵӵǲҲȷʵ񻰣ʶһǲߵʵɡ
ʲô˼
ھе͸¶һ˿ǲе˲Ծüͷ
ûʲôֻҪĶ
Ѿ㹻ˣھеĶ⣬ڵ˫˲ǲ޷塣
ˡ
ΣҪǲͻȻеʧȥ˶Ŀƣھʩչںϳ׿ס˵ǲѾȥ˷
Ҫʲôѵ˵
ڼֿǲͻȻʶʲôȴѾ޷ıˡ
ںھľѹ֮£ǲ˫ֲؽӡ͸֪ϾҪԼʩչֻ֮ˡ
ȻԭгϮľҶʱѾʹùһΣʱ򣬳ӵֻ۵߲֪һеİ֮⣬ѧէӵֻûõҲһ֪ú
˶Ժھıһ֪
ǲҪʩչֻ֮ǲߵʱһѸݵӰͻȻ֣Ľâһǲڽӡ˫־ͱϡ
ոմʮβ״̬˳ǲش˿ڴûѪɽʢ£˿ڲ䶯ֹѪֺϵļ
ʲôˣ
ھȵؽе
󷽵ľҲؿϤӰһͷ׷ֳֳľҶװýϤڱǸԼΪˡ
𣬸ף
΢۽ǿź󷽾ĵ߰ࡣ
þòѾˣҲѧ
ϣҪӵܲźã
һ侲ǶıľѵЩ޴롣
ľ˷ïĻͷ
ڲ˵ʱսϲҪġ
Ҫ飬ҲӦΣյʱ
˫֣ʱ޷ӡǲȻһʱûʩչֻ֮ǲˡ
Ҳȫ޷ֲ
ھ׾Ȼһ壬Ͱ׾ںϺܾõĺھȻҲռٰ׾زģ԰׵ֱ۳֣ǲȱʧĲ֣ȻҪʩչֻ֮
Ȼ̫ǲͺھҪʲôֹȻ
Ȼܹȴͬʱʩչ
ľҶһļƲҪɹʱǲϵĺӰͻȻɢȥˣǲҲػɡ
жǲ̴е
Ǻ󷽣ֻ۲ֹһֻ
Ȼ˳ŵƶĺھѾ˾ƣߵҲϣ˫ֽӡͨ־˺ϾͱߣţάֲסģʽҲȻصڵϣʩչ
ֻ
ľȻĻҲðһɺȻĲðȻƾʧԭʢҲȻɢ


985 
ֻ֮ʩʹ֮϶
ʮβǲʩչӦûܶһʱ䣬ѾѮҲûʩչֻ֮̾ʧȥʶѾصˡ
߰ļȻԵ˵ĻЩɵ׻ЩѾҲˣҲ̱ڵء
ɫˡ
ʧɫǲҪȣȴѾ̫ˡ
ȾڵҲϵĺھˣ˳ҲҲϵֻۣ˳ŵʧֻѾûϢҲ
ǲֻ֮ĿӰҰľٻʯħף䲻ݷʹܹȻʹֻ۵
ֻ۵һ鷲ܹģѹˣԹӭĵĻҲܵʧȥͬʹˡ
ǲ߳Ū֮ʱ·һ黯ǲʣȻȻ
ǽշѵǡ
ȻȵǲͷͿһɫͷʢװŮӣûüصˤڵϡ
ˮ㻹ûлع龻
̳߳ˮͷָĻǰշѾǲڵĲֹͣӡǿɥʧ˷
ָ˫ֽӡƳѾǧٿ׵ʮβӡжħǲ޵Ӧ
ԴжˮҲûзԣǱĬжķָ־׼ժۿеֻۡ
Сġ
ԭΪҲͻȻսЩûʧˣͻȻоһЭΣУæѣǳһ
ǲھʱϵİ׾ֱۣͻȻţ״ľת۾ͽָĻ̾ͱƬˮҲľ͸߰Ҳܵغȶܡ
׾ֱ۵̽һѿ۳ǲۿеֻۣţֱѸݵ壬ڵϺһĨӰǣ³صס
лλûǣҪֻۣЩΪѣǵóˡ
ǲΪʮβھǲʮַǲǲߵĿˣھǲɱ֮ļһ
Ǳ˾Ŵβ޵ĲھҲֻܱ͵Ϯǲ߾ĻھûκλģϾھóսʵϵĲֻֻۣ࣬ܳһˮ㡣
ľҶսף˺ھѵĻᣬͻȻֵˮͷָĻƷǲ
ٴϮֻ۶ʧṩħҲʧǲȻûֲİ׾ϸȻǿڸ
Ǽǲµ˾ȻûзѾܼ̫ʱˣҲҪΪŬ
еͲдʹľҶһ˸ϵ֮ǰʧԭأȻûг֡
ˡ
ľ˷ïĻնľݾǳһ
ˮ
ӳҪòľ˷ïҲʮֿ϶
ľСӣǰҪˡ
ˮڻش۾ȴԶ
ԭһ֮û뵽ʧˡЩҪǱߵ飬ûβš
ڶΧǲߵսԽԽʢսನԽԽ㣬벻ǶС
ûɵʱˣǱһӼֵĵ˳ˡ

ȫǲ߿˿Χ˵ڵϵĳĿӰǧǧĻ壬ϲڰݵ˻Ҳûа취ж
ĿӰԳնͨޡԳħ͹ٻʱƣصͨռ䡣Ծȫ޴ƣԳնԸʮþȣǲʵЩ
ĴĿӰˮţ߸첲̺ϣΪֹûиԭļҪ˵ֽӡı£սӲ
ӲλӰַ֮£ûлǲߣԼĲ;ҪĴҲֻиֽӡ֧ţ档
ʵ־ŲصĻ壬ͱǲߵ֧飬ɥʧս
Ӯˣô磬Ҳսˡ
ǲߴӴҴҸĺھӹֻֻۣԼ˫ۿУʵǿ󣬿㣬ǿĻָ̾ӦԭԼ˫ۡ


986 
۷ڵ壬ԭӡ֮ǰſֻۣǲѾﵽ˲ʵ۷塣
ΪʮβʵҲû˭Ķ֣
ˮľ̾òǰļС
ڵǲȻǿ󣬵ȴûв֮ǿԱʩչŶݼ׵ؿľԼǲ񽣡ɱģȻҲѡ
ļһеˣ
˶ڵʱûվܾѶʱȴֹǲҲЩ⡣
ʵϵľƣǲת۾ͽЩСƮԺ
Ѿһߵǲûбϡ
ˮľЦЦûǲߵĵ٩
ЩȻԸ⣬Ҳò㲻ʩչ¶ҲӰ첻ң̽˭ͳΣʵô⣡
ร⻹˼
ǲ߶ЩصˮľһȤ
ҲˣЩһļһҪʲô
ˮľڰ֡
ʱҾͲˣо仰ʵһֱ˵ʷĹ֣ǲ赲
ʲô˼
Ҫ⡭
ˮľ֣صؽӡģʽзâ˫ͫƮɫ漴ȫһס
۶ݡģʽβ޻ζǰȻҲûоȫǸǿľִôãʱ򣬻Ҫʵ
ֻҪʱѣ
ǲ˳Ͳùעʮβ֮أ˭лΪʮβôͲľҹ˭ҪȶԸĿꡣ
ʱ䡭Ϊõ
ǲЦʵϵĲǺԵģһֻ۵ǲߣϴ޵еľأΨһƣǲǰһޣǿԱսġ
ʵܲһˡ
ʱˮľüͷһ壬ͻȻ֣ٴѾղսĵصʮ׵ĵط
ʱռɢǧĶ̣
Ҳɡ
ˮľЦٴ֣һص㡣
һٶرʣǲҲЩ⡣
õ
˵ĹǸ֪ġ
ǲֵʵ
ôģ
㣿ԡûжֻƫ˶ѡ
ƫˣ
ǲʱҲ̲סüͷ
ѵǻԣǲܵġ
ֻ˻صͲд״̬ɨܣȴʲôûз֡
ûлܹӵùͲдֻ۵Ĺ۲죬ôģ
̽綼ڱңʵˣ
ⲻܣ㻹ûʸ̸ˡ
ǰ̽һֱޡ޺ǵĲת߾ֻǱ̽粻޹صˣǣ˵̽ų⣬ֺγ̽ϵˣ
ų⣿
ǲ˼׳˼ƺ뵽ʲôͻȻ̧ͷȵʵ
ʲôŭԹ飿ΪʲôûбĨɱܽһԼã
ǲǲߣѾȷر̽磬Ȼûе̽Գĵزǰˮľεºܣ֪̽УȻǲߵвҪҲ̫˼ˡ
Ĺǽʵ֮ķ䱾ֻͨ۽뱾һͶ䵽ңԶ硪ĹӰͨЭս޷޷֪ҲֻֻܹӰӵ˿Է
ˮľôӵֻۻʹߡ
ĹɲǣһҲͨҲֻϵĿܣͲ
ˮľȴرܹĹͨĸӰӵĹҺ
֣̽粻ƽⲻ˵
ôʱ䣬ˮľһֱǲΪǿУôܶһЩǿûԵĲã
ƽ⣿Բѡ
΢ЩȤǲ߲ͣʹӰΧˮľעһڹ˲䱻ˮľߡ
Ǽ򵥵ʱռе˵ζǡ
ǲϸظ֪ΧĲ仯Ѱеİأһᣬҵһߡ
ԭӡʱռԣǴռ䣬Էӡֶμӳϣңؽ̽ų⡣
ˮľϷ˯һƯˮľǡ΢Ľڵϡ
ǲߵĹǴռԵĹʹȭ򣬺ѴƣֻὫĴҴܡ
˼ֶΣҲֻһСѣ
̫ǿܹռ䡢ֱӻռ˺ˮľģֻǴпռԵЧܲѡ
ĹĲɼɸ֪Աˮľƽ⣬͵ϮЧѣֱӹܺɱЧãĻˮľͿʩչʱռˡ
ʹʱռߣ鷳֮ɹ˿أ޷ԿƣͻΪʱս
ǲ߲һˣϾͷ˺ˮľ뷨
ľݡ罵٣
ʹ˳Χľݣǲ׼ֱ峡ˮľˣˡ


987 ž
罵ͨľݡ罵ļǿ棬ܹɽʯƻǿľݲĻٿ֮󣬻ͷų˻ԵĻۣЧҲΪ
ڻ罵ٵĲΧͨľݡ罵ķΧҪܶ࣬ϸ֪Χǲܻ⡣
ΧǿԡԼԻЧһĻ罵٣ǽ罵Ⱥľ
ԶڻظĴĿӰĿӰ֣ĿӰҰޣĿˮӰڤҲδ⣬˻ͷŵĻۣȻû̻ԣҲ̱ڵأɥʧ˾ͱľݵ֦ϵرȡ
ӾԮĻ˶þͻᱻеĲ
ǲ߿Ȼûеˮľһۡ
ܹŪռ䵽ƭ̽ĳ̶ȣȻᱻô׷ŵǲ߱ûʱɱˮľ
ÿռϸ޴ڵжۣȻҲͺѳַ
ֻҪˮľǲ߾аˮľ޻ء
Ȼڹʵʵţҡ
ɲУڻʱ򡭡
ô죿
ˮľЦ˫ֽӡһԾ޴ĺţյؽˮľǲ߶С
ɷϷ˯磡ιһҴ޺֮ɡ
Уԭս֣ͻȻø˷ˡ
ǲ߱ˮľͻȻĪĵطʧǰûܵ罵ĻӰĻţȴû취æ
ڵ˻ǵ󣬵Һǲ߻ΪΡһһ
ǧ˼˵š
ſڵûǧЦ
ǵʱȥˣδ˵ǡҲǲǾԵ˵ͨҲֻΪʱ䡢Էһѡ
̽۷壬һʱҲ첻˳ˡ
ǧķȴ֪˵𣬼ˮľǲսȴѾﲻæˡ
ĴкӣȥһǼٲҪ˸ˡ
ûǲ߽ƣ罵Ȼ˺ŸĻˡ
ǧ俴һвʵǧ䡣
ѹҪһ㣬ҪоʲôתΥ׵Ľ㻹ûɽĻҡ
ôܹңνԴõ
ˣҪƱˣ˹ˣҪںǰʧ񡣡
ҿֳҪ˵ŶԣҪںл𣬻СһﲻܶĲʲôǿԣ
⵹Ҳǣ
ǧЦ˼仰֮¶˲һ档
ϹģΪ׵ĵ߰ĸˣ˺ǲľٶȶ࣬ҰӣһҲܿ˽ǰ
ڿ߶ĺ췢ˮӰǧɫˡ
ôˮҲͨˣҵɶˡ
Ůǰ󣬿ѿˡ
ǧ㷲ǧɫĴĿӰˮ˻ɢɺģʽâˡ
ĿӰԳն̾һ
Ĵû뵽Ǹӻټʱ򣬲ȴϣҲܰɣ

ˮѵЦ
⣬ӦѾ֪ĸˡʹûУҲûϵһûоεĸף
ô˵ˮţûд
ˮֻǿ¶֮ɫˡ
Ǳƺ˴ʣô
ʱһľɢ֮¶ߵİ
ܲңҲսˣ
ϢˮľʵİСӣغҴϺһΪ׵ǰ˫ֱ֣𽫲ˮźԳնֹ帴ԭȻγ˽ǧǧ䶩ڵϵĺڰǵԻָж
أ
ֻĲеӡ
ˣ
һͷ۵Ľ𷢣ټҴ˫едۣôǵ֮Ϊ׵꣬һֻ۾İۣܹʹݣʵԲͻȻʯͷĳģԼŵʱ򣬻ûмľҶôһˡ
ƽͻ˵
ղǱǸˣǵʵûа취ڶӳһѾ
Ƿɣ͸ղǸˮľСɢĲ࣡
ǧ˹Ҵдۣʵ
һô£ǲģ
Ҵҡҡͷ
Ҵ塭
Ҫ˵ʱͻȻеһֵ𶯣ǲǲĻ庮ѣҲûкͲˮϣǰԶͻȻһɺƵĿռŤ


988 ն
ǲϷ˯еˮľһΰԼµĵչʾ˹ۿ
Լ⣬ο̽ĹС磬ȻܲƣһеһЩˡ
ֻǣĽܲˮľ
ȻһлˮľƿУչķ򣬽¶һЩˮľ޷ȫҵԵɵ쳣
Ϸ˯УѾǰˣˮľ̽粻Դ֮ҲһЩڡ
Ưŵĵǻδȫɢݡ
ϾϷ˯ֻǱˮľʮβǡħƬĵķӡȻǿ󣬵ҲҪʱĻеĹ©
ʱˮľǺʮβ̽岻Ϊ⣬̫࣬ҲֻԳˣԼڸӲľء
ǲȤشϷ˯еһУУһŶصĲӰɵײ޴ĸϵһ޴壬һƯС·һƮĸ룬ڣգ֡
ǡ̫񡭡
žСǲ˾ʵ
ǰľȻž˵㼶жߣʮβûȣûħʢ
Ʒï֦ѾʵҲֻǹͺͺɣҶֻǸŵ顢ʰ쵵ĺԶԶȥһʮɫҶƬ
ȻЩǶǣȻɢźʮβЩƵϢ
ǰСˣ˲˵ĶҪٶʱ䣬ᴴ漣ǡ
ǲЦ
ΪЩӹµķˣô׾ͽⶫ¶ֵã
Ҫôĳ棬ҪٻۣǲҲ֪һܹڶ̶̼֮ڽϷ˯̶ܵȣ϶˲پ
ǲִסƮһƬ绨һϸСĺ˼֪̾Яһ˿ִ
ûֻۣȻҲܲİأǴЩ߲·αѧģǰмҲоҲûеõĽĽѾԶԶǣ
վھ˵ļϣܻῴøԶ
仰ǰûĸǲ˵ҲҪСǰļʶ
޷̤ʵصĻûнĵطܹӳʵʹۿˣȻܹʹֻ۵ƯУٶڸǿսЩɿʹͲͬʱʹֻˡ
ȻҲʹͨð˵൱Сͨޣ֡ˡսУֱǸЦ
ֻϷ˯棬ΪԶ̽磬ĳЩӳۿۣΪˮľԣЩΡ
Ȼʹֻ۵кܴޣǲҲͲǿˣֱֻ۵ȫܺٴγ֣ӱ˳֮󣬱ȶԼٶǰľ˹ȥ
Ȼǲ߻ûиռĺʲôֻҪƻܿһУȻƽһıơ
ļ
ˮľпգȫܷܺɵģû뵽ǲһ㿴ؿ֮ϲһһص뷨ûУֱӾһ·ƽơ
ûںһ£ֻʱѣòôļɣԵƬ̾ͺá
ȻֲԸˮľҲòչֳ޴Ļӭսǲߵȫܺ
ɢµҾͻȻǲǰһѺȶɢŹƻĵľһǵϸذףӭײȫܺĳ
ӣǸ߹ˣüۺһ𣬶ûúЭӦûðɣֲҪң桭ףԡ
ԭˮľķЩĵǲͻȻеЩԾˮľ񵲵ĳذ׳䲻ؽܹܺƽɽĳնϣȻ˳ƿֽܺĸ첲ɫ򶼱һƬ˲Ʊ˵ȫܺɥʧƽ⡣
ѽʲô
ˮľЦ֮еİ˵Ҳ˵ϼӴܺҪλʹ˹ȥ׼ǲߵࡣ
ҲģľʵǾɣ
ܹǲɱȡһֻȻǺ£ˢ̽򣬸Ͳľҹ񣬲һǲ߲ɣпܵĻھץ֣ˮľԼһ˾ͿԽӢۺʹħȫһ飬ʵڲУϷ˯䵱̽ϫĻҲУȻ鷳һ㡣


989 ȺŹ
ǲߵȫܺǿ󣬵Ȼı䲻ֻǾͨд۾ֳıʡ
֮м괴ľеɱǶӰΡ׽;ĿƸ󣬱ǲͲд۵ǱصԻҪƫ
֮ȻԸʻûʲôЧҲֻꡢܺ仹ǲġ
ڣǲᵽˮľ׼֣֮һʼͿǹǲߵսӦòȡĴʩ
Ȼˮľܹһɱǲߵ뷨ʵҲ֪Ŀ΢΢
ȻѾЩʧȻǲȻЩ⣬ûôţȻˮľ͵Ϯ֣Ȼǿҵġ
䲻ݷ֮䣬ǲʩչֻͨ۵ϵͨӴʮβǡħͻȻʱյǰ
õӡǲͨħˮľδСռ䣬ԶԶȲϴͲľĺ˵ķ֮أȻҲֹħͨ
޴ذ״̻ħӲǣû룬ûͻʮβǵķ
Ȼǲоյض˴ɱˮľ޴ػľ޴صؽħúˣײںܴܺ棬ɫľ뵽
ܺıҲʲô£ֻҪ岻ܵش۷ڵǲ˵ҲֻǺָܻܿС覴á
ԼĻǵİţֻܽǲ߱ȵ̶ȣˮľҲεҡҡͷ
Ȼ̫ǿˡ
֮ǰĳţڵˮľͲֻ۵޵еģӵֻܹۡʹǲˮľаһս
ǲôⲻһСܻܵĶ֣ʵѹС
ʮǰǲߺǧսս˼켸ҹܾˣǧʤ
Ϸ˯ǲ־սˮľ붼롣
̧ͷһϸСĺɫ·Ӿ֪ˣǿռѵס
Ϸ˯絽ǲݴ޷̫ǿ̽缫ҲֻʮβϷ˯ֻܳ۵ǿħ֮ͨϷ˯Ѿ޷ѹˣ˵Ϊˮľǲṩսĳء
첻ˣȻһ£ûʲôֶεĻҲ͵Ϊֹˡ
ǲվħϣϾؿˮľ޴Ҿ˻
ݵζɶȻ൱ߣȲǲǧּѪҲûľݺֻۣûֲʲô߰Ķܹﵽ̶ֳȣ̾ΪֹĳɾͣҺʱҲ˲õ˲ţǲ⣬ǰ̽ôܹɵǿ޵ģûлˣҲֻܹԼ˼ʮ꣡
ﵽǲߺǧ̶ֳȵǿߣһ˾֧һĻʯսʱǲš
ǳ㿴ˡ
άĻ˵˸еж࿪ģ͸ʵĴϢˮľѾ֪߰Ѿ˾սĳأˮľʱѾˡ
ղֻǴкпܵĻһҪٵսʹ졣
ЩƣڻǷʱ
ˮľЦЦ⶯ǿĿռ䲨ϯϷ˯磬ϸҪˮľĸ֪ʱռͻȻҲײʲôһͻȻͣ٣Ȼͼǲߺħĭһ𣬿ռ伤סǣ˹ȥ
һѡ
ˮľֵ֮ɢڵĹâȻȻ˳һ˦ǿĹħͬǲߴӿռƿڸ˳ȥ
ǲߺħʧ֮ˮľٴʹֲѾЩܴϷ˯硣

̽ԱУռ𶯹һӣһž޴Ĺϵصˤڵϣϻһڻڳ
ħǲߣǺˮľսǸڽ
ĿӰԳնǵ˵
ʬ⾡оֽˮľû°ɣ
Ȼռƣʹܾ˵ĽĻ˵ˡ
Ӧû£
ˮҡҡͷ
󱲣лҪǿ٣
ǧһֽţɫص˵
սɣǲߺУҪӼƣҪơ
һߣǲƳһۻɢŽɫԵ˵
ܹҲһ˫нƲ˵Լ侲һ㣡


990 ת
Ҳ˵Ĵ̫ˣһαԭдĳҪǸʱֻ֮󣬱֪Ҳս
Ͳ֮ǰҲĳȫһ¡
ǾβûкȨ뷨ڵ״Ϳӡˡ
˵ԺҲʧʱȰ
ˣǱߵǲС˵еΣա
βȻֻʮβһ֣׻Ǳȫ̽Ķ壬һԣŭʡ˵ȵȸἫصβӳǿ
ôĺǽ־Ⱦ赼ܻɴ
ΣգΪﲻ˺˾ͲᷢЩ飬βҲ޷ȫƿأһ޷ƣݶ᲻ԾؿӲľͷȶĥܻ佫ɳ״նʳʨὫûԼѪСʨҧ
βǴмǿƻûأἫ̽Ӵߵ
֪ˡ
ȻͷӦòƲûȥҪڳϲʣԼĶҵȥ
֪ϵĲֱŰ˼֣˼޵ĺɫǲҲ̾һٶ˵
ģʽĲɫߵɫβ޻ʱ򣬲ǲȫܿصĺɫβ޲ģʽǳȻɫĲʱѾмʹʮβĲȨ
ߺ϶ΪһɺģʽѾﵽ˽֮ǰǿ״̬ɢĲӦӺݵĽɫֻΪ˵ľ״̬βģʽڳ޵ǣ֮£ΪǿˣɫĲ죬ȻܸǿȴԿơ
ǰԶռѷ콥պϣ춯ܵˮľػħȻǱʵ޴󰭡
ϲŵľ޴ĺɫذʧ֮󣬾ǲߵĲվ
˵ˣһοһˣβ޲Ҳûˡ
Ʒβ֪ʱ̵ˣħԾŴβ޵Ŀ̫ˣħ֮ȫסβǵķ
ҪͬЭ̽·ӡħС

֮Ϸ˯֮ˮľһѾΪˮľ󷽵Ĺȣ룬ʵ顣
ڣһó۵Ҫɹ
һʵϣ͸˿ˮľ·Ϊ̽սǲѵƽҲкܶϵͽ
ˮľʵϣ͹վ󣬶ˮľԥЩ⡣
ȡҩʦͲдۣѾ֤˺мֵ㻹ǲԸʽʹã
ˮľҡҡͷ̾һ
ʵսҵȻ᲻ãڣܾе㲻ԡ
ǡ
ϣҪȰ˵ȴһѡ
ðɣ˵㣬浽ɽˮʱҲˡ
һǲ߳Ϊ޵еʮβ¶вͽǰˣٲ׼ľҪȫûˡ
֮׼̫ͫΣˡ
ȻͲдеͫĹǸߺʩ֮ϵӰͲдӵߵ״̬õģƾ䣬ٴ֡
ȷʵǿӵкܶ鱨ˮľҩʦʵʱڵõ˼ߡ
ǣҩʦʵ޵ģЩ飬ҲǺ˼򵥵ʹʵ̫СһͲд۵ļֵˡ
ˮľ¶¶ĲȻӰͬնһǶԵʩչһǶȺá
ҲԶһȺ˲Ч
ͨķ϶ǲģʵĲܹͨģǣأ
һǿʵֱͫǱ
Ϸ˯ãͲ۴ˣܴ˾ȵĺö
ÿһжһ˿ִȻ΢ٳɶĻҲ൱һ־󲿷֮ͽΪ顰ܡٽͨͲд۵ӳϷ˯棬ǻʲôЧ
˵һ㻹ȽѵĻ硰ս޲ʤľ񡱣˼񡱣ִ͸֣֮ǲҪ򵥵öࡣ
뷨֮ˮľȻʵһ£תдӡ˺üȻѡ˼ϵͽʵһ£Чϵľˡ
ˮľڶʱڿ֮кǲߵ


991 
ҩʦһͲдر
̽󲿷ǿӲе
ܹõ̫ˣܹʩʵõʱǿ
ڶϤ䱾ʵˮľǰϷ˯ܹǿܹ޶Ĵڣֱͬһ
Ͳд۵м޵ģԾڣʩṩ֧֣޴ڵתʩߵ
ǡ֮ۡǡ֮ۡ
Ҫǿ߶ȣǰҪֻҪ㷢ͲдĹˡ
޴ڵ޴ڡɫ⣬Ϸ˯һѴҪȼյĸɲ񣬳ҵΪµĳ̶ȣȼɲˮľʱڵĻۣǲܷ顣
ŴһĺöͿԽ㴦µĸ¾Ϳǰȼ׼׵Ĳн
ȻʵЩе룬ࡣ
ǵʵ飬Ҳַ֤ʵеģǡ
㾦ȻΪ̸ķʱδǺ°
Ϸ˯ڻֻˮľһѵõĵƣȻҲһܹΪϣеӵóԸ
ǣͼһѾˣٸһ˫Ե۾ܾ趯ھ֮ϣˮľˡ
֮־ǧϣˮľܹȾָƵġ
ϣĬǹüͷ
ǲǶˣӦûʲôֵܹǵľŶԣϵܣ߼Ϳú˼άʽһµĴꪣƽ⣬ԻװҲܹͬھʲô󻼵ġ
ˮľҡҡͷ
Ϊû⣬ͲµģʧأΣܱʮβҪ̽ĺڿ͵۹Ѿ൱Ľˡ
ΣյʱˮľǾԲԸ⶯ģңҲûİ취Ȼʹٻ۵ǿ󣬵ˮľҲһս⣬ˮľҲбĿǡ
ǿǴ󣬵ǿûκܹԼʹˣʮβ
ڴͲľҹ̽ûκܹᲢۣԲ¶ܹɱȦֻǲϵṩ׾ԴѣֱܹӡʮβĴͲľºʹͲľֵܡ
Ϸ˯ܡ̽İΣͼˮľԿԼ档
Ҳʵ̫ΪѡҲ̫һ˵ıˡ
ԼȨܹĵŴ󵽺̶ֳȣ
ˮľ֪
ǰŴЩڼԼ˼ˮľúܵġ
ѵģ⣬Ҳ̫ĵ¹ˡ
޶ȵ·ΪʱҪų
ˮľ˾
Ʋ˰
ûл͵أҪǴˣճ˭Ҳ֪
ˮľŤͷǧ֮֮ķǸطĲѾѾʼȫ̽ˡ
ʱ룬ʮβӡˣǲǾǽˣڰţҪ˶ϵģ
֮ϵĴͲľ˾һвˮľжڵӦò̽񣬱Ͼѵûж϶̽Ѿﵽ޿ɾҩĳ̶ȣԿʱв
ؼĲ־οԼġ
ǵ𣿡
ʵ˵ˮľҲ׼ӡʮβû˹ͬĵ֮˻᲻ĳͻ
ֻʣ²תһִˮľǲµģΪ˵־ִߵ˺ǲìͷ׼ԼʱһЩֶβС
֮飬ǵ磬Ӧòô˵ҶǵˡЩûпǵΣô
ˮľʵǳĬԣʱηĲǿĵˣδ֪Ľߡ

ǲ߲ݵħǲݵʱȫᲢۣڵħûжβ޲Ҳһ
Ͼֻ۱ǲߵĶӦԺܹӳǿ̫ˡ
ֻ顱Ϊֵ˺ǲͱεõɶء
ʲôڹǣдȫ֪Ҳûκζ
ȫ֮ǰİûĹʽģӦһֻ۵
ȱι˺ǲ֮֮ǰû˿ԷĹ


992 
ԼֻŪڹ֮䣬ǲǳһڶղˮľܵίȫҲˡ
ˣСļһѾҳˡף
һЩˮľٴ͵ϮǲߣͻȻ֣Լݺڰ̴ٴαڵϵļȴӰĻͻȻ
һŰߵĽڸǽΧ
Ϥζݣ͸ղǸˮľļһһޣǿܷɣ
ƵĲкյݣһɺϣͬʱֵĿԾ΢΢ˡ
ְŵļһɣ
䣬ڽǲĻ屳ϵĺڰγ꣬ͻȻовûüӦͱһֻεƲָ絶̴š
⣡
ǴڵƣǱصĲһе඼ܵ˼ΪصĴˡ
ȿȡ
ѵ̲꣬סȳѪ
ͻȻıʣΧ˶ˣû뵽ûвֻһ㸨ˮľʵĳֵȻôߣֱӱ׼ɱ
ȷӦæʩչľݣˮľѪ˿ڰҪʧѪţּæʩչҽ
ֳļսһ϶ǻ壬ҪûڰĿƣսҪˮˣȻûֱӲʵ̫Ҫˡ
ǲҪ׷ˣҴûˡ
ϤҽߣԼܵ˶صȻ֪ûв֮϶ˡ
ڵܹ˵ѾΪǿˣҪͱ˾׾ϸƵĳϸѾˡ
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ǲһһ֮ˮľıһֱûг֣Ȼ˿ǲйǱģˮľȴһ
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صش˼Ȼ˵
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ָܹˮľȥԸģȻʲô֮˽ǰǲ֮⣬ҲֻսߵǲʸˮľĿˡ
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Ҫ֪ûôĶӣҶǲ˽ˡ
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ʱڻعҴŵ˹Ҫӽȴֹֻܿһߡ
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ǰ
Ҫ̧һһҴԴƺʶڲʱֻεЦЦ
ߣô£Ҵ壬Ȼѡ·Ǿͺúøһаɣӵ뷨ܻԿͷģҲǻ㣡
ȻҲһСˣҴ嵽ֻ˲ѬգЩ£֪ȴ⣬ʱף𵽵ôһˡ

ֵ־ʱˣ
ǰҪˣ

̾ʲô㵱ѡֲ۲Ǿʹôһ˼мѪٮٮߡ˵ϸپ׾ϸںγɵĳϸͲ֮ѡûʣʹðۣǾ̫ˡ
ǸҲҺαϣܹʼգ
ѾܺˣҲѡγܹԼĽ֣һģʱӦҲĸԸģ
Խ˵ԽеЩԼĺӵùĹߡ
Ǿ͸Ͻɣ±ӣϣһһ³ɳĹ̡˵Цģ
ץǲǱ߶һᣡ
ǡ˰ɣټˡ


993 ץ
ÿҪػɱʱˮľر뷨
Խ̽ңӦսսеһϸߣĻҲܻ졣
ߣ˼壬ܹ͵ˣǳ˳˾ܲסѹŻ˳Խ˵
츳ʵ൱׵Ķʵ𵽵ãԶԶȲŬ
Ȼ츳ǲһġ
ţôңԶˣͨ˵ģֻǵıĽȴ޷󼰡
ǲš
ǳ˵Ѫ޽ӵܣԸѵöд۷ӵ͡
ƫִԣѾټˣ˵ܹ᳹ʼգܽתΪʵʵˡ
ԭӦǰ;ţȴռѵشϢ˿ڣͼٴγʱȴȵؿƾճΪռˮľ
ôܣôģ
ǰδеĵ͹ȣȴӭײǿУʵ̫ˡ
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ˮľʹĸڴϵģǷëǡ
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Ϊܹϵռģֻľǿɾʹشˣǰû㣬ֻûжٰսɱ
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ʶʧȥʮβֻ۶û˵ԼѾȫڵˮľĶֵǲͲд۵չ֣ռг֣ƺҪӻ̽磬һ
ʱߣ־֮ȷʵʲôȷʵ壬ǵΪֹɣ
ΧĿռѾˮľ޵ʱռĿѶȻἫοֿƶʽʩչٶȱͺ
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̫ˣ
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Ϊʲô񣬻ôҪΪ᣿ӦòῴƲŶԣΪʲôҪƶΪ
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ˮľҡҡͷ
Ҳۣû壬ΪȷѡǾΪɣҲӦûʲôԹԡ
ܲһ˳֮Ȼ飬ĳɳǱӱܡ
ˮľ˵ǲ̽磬ʵ걻̭̽ˡ


994 ׼
ԶսĲһ˽һ˵شԾʵѾˣֻЩΪܹæߣڿ۲ơ
һС𶥶˾ϣ̴硢ΪʱĴ۲ս֡
ĳ棬ǻָ۷ڵĴҲ׿óƣڲֻۺħǰûжô
Ҫս֮һĻתҲûа취ӳмֵزģҩʦˮľϷһա
ɫѾƺںӦļʱ̣ҹɫԵøӻ谵ֻʱʱе»ṩһԡ
ʱ˿̣ǱߵսԽˡ
ͻȻһӰڴߣôһ
㰡ˮľǲѾˣ
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ոճֵˮľÿǲ߲ħǿѹǲգ˵ɢع˾
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˳ԽԽ࣬ƽⱻ״ƣ̽߱Ȼѩһܡ
ֻǲܽ̽Χ߽֮⣬ȻľʹĿռ˵ħ񣬸Ҳ˰ٺ֮ӡ֮ùܺħʱֻҪľս֮ʱ
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ֻ֮Ϊ˶һεһһҪ˵ķܻá
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995 
ǲ߶սһҪ飬ΧһȺʵսҲһ
ӵ˰ۣˮľҲûʹôͬİϳתۣʹóĲǿҲ
ڲĵİ棬Ϸ˯磬ʵĹϵ
Դһʼ۾עֻ𵽸õΪˮľչص㡣
ڣҲܹ۽Ϊתۡ
ǣϵƶֻҪӡǿдƣͿðۻü
ת۲ģʽǲѷɫֻ۵Ȼֻȫ棬ƻֻۻҪǿ
ת۲ģʽ£תתܹһĿ
ˮľܾõİۣһʼչķͼΪԡ
Ȼûر;ˮľΪصľǲıʣ԰۵ķչҲΪȷҲĵһ
ʱƣҲԽԽǿմﵽת۵ĳ̶ȣȻһж⡣
ʱ䲻ֻȡᡣ
תӵеĿռ䡢ˮľǺܿأѾ˸ʺϵͬˣڿܲݡ֮ͨľ͸ӿпޡ
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⻹Ϊ֮ЧӦķѾԶ׼飬ڽС滷ͬʱҲСʹ̬Ϊնϵͳ˻᧿Σ̽磬ҪΣʹ߱øǿһ¥
֮⣬̽һҪսԭǿΨһ⡪桤ˣֻҪԲ䣬ʵβ֮Ļ飬ȷָС
ǣСѾоˣȴѾʳ̫ࡢǿ׳ΣȺʱ򣬻ᱻԴ
ˮľֻҪڣΪ̽Ŀģһڣˮľи̽ʱ򣬸ô죿
Եף̽粻ҪһҪУҲֻһٶĻΪìܣͲľºʹͲľֵܾΪˣӡǵĸסͲľҹ


996 
ħӡŴβ޷ʽҪ֣ŷ⾡ħ֮ǧ
ŷ⾡ѣǿԽߵĲֵѹԳֿħǺֻܵӵʮá
ŵ㣬ǶԾŴβ޵ķӡ˳ûʲôҪȶҿɿݴʸߡ
ȱĵʱ̫ˡ
ʩҪͣȻ㡣
ħ֮ͷˣʩչٶȳ죬Ҳױϣսǻŷ⾡ԶԶᲢ۵ġ
ħ֮ҲǺ㣬ַ̫ţβȫԼβ޻ЧĿ̫С׼
֮⣬Ĳ㣬ħʧȥβ޲֮ħ֮ٴηӡ밴մһββ˳ӡ
ǲ˵ֻһͬʱӡŴβ޵ĲѾûпռŴβ޵Ĳˡ
ھŴβۣǲߵģֻʵͶħĿ
ڣǲǵóԸˡ

ǿʲôģ
һ֮Ϳӵ˵ƣеĶ֣Ȼһ㣬ûʲôı䡣
廯㳾ʧڿ֮кֻһɢŵɫԹİƯڿУƾճֵˮľӡȾ
һ˲ٴγֵˮľվľߡ
㣡
һҩˮд۵Ĳƿľ
õţ
ǡдۣǾ˵Ѿˣ
Щ᣿
ľͷ
ο鱮ϵӢۣû뵽³
ϾӰԼ°ֿѣ˲ȥʵ̫źˡ
ʼΪ֪δ
Σ
ˮľڰ֡
ԲܽĻ¼̣ʱľҶͬɣʦ
תĴĿӰˮϣߺЦЦ
û̫뷨Ѿˣ·ҲҵΣչ˲ܣ̵ĹʧôӲģ

ŸֺˮβתƵϵĴĿǲҪŵĺá
ˮľ׳һЩȫҩݸľ
ϽֲдۣȻܿҪõľЩźֲһ°ɣ
µľҲֻõͷ
ǲ۾Ȼ·׵ֶΣľûеģһѵҩڼˮľȫҩҲӦܹӦµõˡ
ľʵ֧ŲֻͲд۵ĵģʮβ̽ٱɢĲʹѶȴ󽵵͵ʱ̽ṩĺ֧ţʹȫ֧һҶȵսҲǲɵˡ
ʮβԭϵʮβͣŲĻع飬ٴοʼ趯ϵ½ӳһĩյĿֲ
ղžѾӦԵǿˣڱøԶԸˡ
ʮβǲߵĿ֮£ſ죬һſµѸٳͣβԶܼ֮̽䣬֮һﶼΪɻҡ
ץɣ
ˮľźҡҡͷʮβƻʵ̫ˣһ񣬾ɱôˡ
㲻һ𣿡
Ȼ˵
ûʱ˷ˣʹ÷֮ˮľѾҪ˺ǲߡ
㻹ţ
׷ǧһ䣬ٵˮľһԹ
ѾʱǲŹµ꣬Ҫߣּ״ֲ̬˶ã˵ҽߣϽæ
ˮľͷְγǲϵĺڰȻͳһƿȫҩǲ˽ȥʣµȫ˺۵ϡ
׼֮ˮľƣǲͷ֪Ͷ侫ռ䡣

ľҶҰ֮ԵΪڿ˰Ŷݼ׵š֮󣬻ҺŲɫ״̬£񱩵սʽһֻɫҰһ赲
绢
ؿٵȭγɼѹĿ֮󣬶Ե˵һǿͬ˶ɵϻһ㣬ǲ߳˹ȥ
˸٣޴ӻǲֻʹʮβסȴ޴ȫƷڵء
ŶݼôټͣΪʲôǺɫ
ǰʱˣҾȻԥ
˵ţҲȻǲߺʮβûа취ؿĽҡ
ʱˣ
Ŷݼõ£ԭֱðؿȫֳȻĺΣϸСѪ͸ƤȴѸɫʼ֣ſ֮ģܹԶԶӰ֮ϵġŶݼ֮󡱿ʼá


997 
ؿͻȻ˰Ŷݼ֮ţǲҲЩȡ
ΪʵĵСû뵽ʺ˳ڣǿ֮Ҳûû
ǲȻʮֽɵӣؿֳʵʹáŶݼ֮󡱵ǿĿǰ״̬޷ֵġ
ԵٶԶԶǲߵӦȻֲ˳ϸݵѾΪǿˣ״̬ʹб֮־ĸսʵЩǿѡ
Ųףһѵ飬ȫҵʹؿľЩԼУҪǰĵ˴ѹ̫ؿܾҪʧˡ
ÿһ΢ȣʹһ㣬ļڲ˺ѣͷϵҲʼӡ
еǱܿؿһǿߵܴﵽļޣ˿µ̬չǰ
ȻˣҲܵˡ
ŶݼʩչٶȲ죬ؿƾŶеĻۣڿš֮ǰһͣžˡ
ôʱ䣬Ҳǲ߷Ӧʱ䡣
ʩչʮβӡӴʮβڷӡ£Ѹٱյǲڡ
Ȼ已̥ûаգôͷҲոȫʱˡ
ǲߵʮβǲкܴĲͬʵĲѹȸȫһȼ
ԭĺڷѾ˰ɫҷȺ;öԼϵģʮβȨ֡
ʵɣΨһһܹۿˡս֮ǰرݰɣ
ûлش𣬾Ƕ³һؿԼ»йһ֣ȻҲǿ̬΢΢һ˿ܼ˵Ŀˡ
Ϧ󣡡
䣬ǲ߻ûӦǰؿʧʮβĸ֪ţԼͷһػ
ֻһǲ߳ɾʮβ֮ͷĽǶѵСؿֱۺָҲˡ
ɢ˵ĸȣѪҺʼڵؿ߶׽ٶȣʹǳȭߣʳ¯ʮβɳһԷ޻֮
ԵѾǿܹռĳ̶ȣһķͷͽ͵ġ
ȻʶؿǿûôǿǲҲЩ£Ϊ˱̳Ϊʮβԭ壬ͱ˺Ƭˡ
ʮβѾЩֲסˡ

·ڶҲֻܿɢƵܹæģڶϾ
ǧƳһƴؿЩп
ǲеģҪһӡϲУȻܹشߣûа취˺
̫Сؿˣ
ˮľҡҡͷϣȫԸؿȷʵôһ˿սǲߣǲ߲һζرȻǱֻҪҪʮβӡ⣬ʮβǲ߾ڲ֮ء
ؿĻʹ಻Ĺǲܵ˺ԶĻֱָصѹƲסڵʮβлʤĻᡣ
ҪʮβҪû֮Ψһİ취ǽʮβֿƣؿʧ󣬾ҪɡһǡǡǱȽѵġ
ŶݼܲܳŵˮľķʵʩʱˮľҲûаա
Щ΢֮ɣ
ǧƺҲʶԼҾĵĻЩס
ô죿Ҫʲô

˵
ǧ俴˿ڱεǲˡ
ǡʱ֮ӣ
˼ϣʵڲվ̽綥˵ĻӰǸе뷨Ѿ˵ڣЩҲȷʵղ׼ˡ
ѾûΣˡ
ˮľʵ˵ţʵ󲿷־Ѱǲռ쳣
᣿
һˮľ;ԼһƬ谵ʶ֮ǰŵĹ߳ˮľǰ
Զ֮ʽѾѽڣ⣡
Щ֣˳
ãߣ˵ʱ粻ͬ㹻ʱ佻Ӱս
ˮľĳʶе˲䣬ȻҲڱѡΧڡ
кɻ󣿡
ˮľ֮صʵ
Ѿ𣿡
ָǱ֮ĴͲľ£ǧǰѾˡ
Ȼˣֻһ־ͶӰĸ޺Ͱ޵Ĳת֮ϡ


998 
ֻҪ޺Ͱ޵Ĳתڣ˵ͶӰͻһȥںʵʱ̽˵ѡ
Ǻź˺ǲתߣ޺ͰޱϾǲߣתҲƵģһһεĴ̽ս˵־һܹ̽תˡ
ǧˣҲʱи˽ˡ
ܹ֪ˮľ쳣ˮľ̽һ㵹֣ʵ̶ֳȵǿߣֱϵ£ʵҲˮľԤ֮ڡ
ƺûж⣿
ǵȻ̽ȱߣϸ˵ҺҵĺˣҲͣƽѪͳԴ壬ʣڶ̽һӣ
ǣΪʲôҺ̽绹кĸң
⣡
ش
̽粻ųûжߡʵѾҪʳĵزˣֻҪǶ̽Ĵ洦û̫ƣ
ˮľͷһ㵹û飬ԭ糡гֵĸָϡŹֵĻ֣вٺԾͲ̽ԭ֣Щھ󲿷ҲֻǱӡٳֻʵΣ̽ʱ򣬲ŻᱻĨɱ
΢еֵߣ̽綼ڼͬ
˱ƣ˶̽ǱڵΣ֮⣬ԭ뾫ų̽磡
һѪĻˮľҲԶԡ
ԽߵԽôܹˣ
ˮľֿƵᣬʵưƵ̽ЩûĻˣôϺЩһȡġֽƬˡͬࣿ
˼ϴԪıɶûйϵǴԽԭƵƽпռ䣬ˮľɵƷеһЩϦദļ˺ͬ飬̽޴ڣˮľûжʵС
̽ƽ˱е⣬ֻǴСܵĽأͷľӢؤ֮һǮ˿Զ˴ͬ飬ٻԼһġͬࡱ
ֻǸ޹ء
ˮľ̽޴ĺ蹵Ͳֺܹϵ˵ġ
ԣһǲܴ
ˣ绹ܹݵһԸЭģģ̽Ҳһ

ˮľһᣬȻ
ҪڹģֻҪˮľޣع龻Ȼ̽һ
ͲľºʹͲľֵܡԼǿһʱ޺Ͱ޶ǲߺǧ䶼ⲻ޵һ죬ˮľҲӲͬĽ֡
ӽһȷʵԾ˲֪µ̽˵ʮҴҶֻһգ۵Ĺ
ΪҵӰ̽࿴ԭֻ飬ѹûƹңν룬ҲֻԼԾѡ
⻹ЩɥĽۡ
һ˼ϵ۾ͷЦˮľӽ̽ԼĹϵʱܵ۽ơ
ΪԼǵùȫˣԭҲֻǹй汪ѣ
ˮľ˼˵
ΪϷѾ֪·ӡʮβϣӦú޽٣ǣ̽δϣ㲻ҪˣǸʵС磬ʵ̫Σˡ
̽δĵ·ָֻ֮
ˮľԴ˵š
ȻӲԶžͽ밮
̽ĻʯҲǰ޺ԼǵĲת֮ǧͻ
磬ΪҵܹƽദȥķҲûܳɹֻܴڣúԼû뵽˰޺޵ĳͻ
һʵڵɷ֧
ԡ̡Ϊϣܹ˷еĶ찲
սҵˣԺƽû޷֪ġ
ﻮǲߣʵҲֻҪһƽûսҵѡ
ԹۣõĻҲǲУǣЩĽ֡
˻Ȼ̽򡢴ƽ
Ҳɡ
ˮľЦЦ
㰲ĵӴΪ̽õģڿ˵Ϊ˺ƽʹ̽ǲԸ𣿡
ƽܻ֪࣬˭ǶԵģ
ʵĸףͲľҹʱ̽ʵҲûսңżе߸Ĳ֮ͽҲ˰ɣ
ǲˣǡƽࡱȷʵúú롣
УЩ޹ȥˣΪȥ
ӢĴߣߣ˭мֵͻȨ
ƨµӣ
˳Ĭһʵ
Ϊ˵
ֻ˳Ļᣬ벻󡢸ô˵ʵܣ
ųһµޣϷ˯磬ôƺİɣ㽨ıԭ㻹׼ôƲ˵ġ
Ϸ˯Ŀǰ״̬Ѿ˼ɵˣٳӣ鷳ɾʹˡ
ˮľĵĺ˳ͻԴͷ
ҵѪ


999 
ˮľֱӳͻ
̽δˮľʵ͵λ˭Ū
ֻҪԼŪŭԹܻ̽Լһϯ֮أҶ൱
ǣҪģϷ˯磬ԼԽ֮̽󣬼ɵľ˵ˮľĴǡѧʶۣȫ뵽ˡ
ˮľһʼûҪκδΪУֻΪ˻øǿԱ
ǣʵ״ƶˮľǰ񱼣أһϢը֮Ѷ̽ϵϲʱ벻鷢ˡ
Ϸ˯ΪʵǲѶΪ֮ʱ̫ˣˮľûʱ̫࣬Σǰòһз׼
һԿƵ˫нƲõĻԼΪѡ
ǿ󣬶ʵġ
˵ûгԵľŪ
ԣˮľŶԽҩʦͲдʹЩԥ
ĲãϷ˯ܾͲԼĺ԰ˡ
ʱˮľҪô𽥱ͬɣҪô׽Ϸ˯һûκܹƿصġ̽磬׻ôӰ죬ˮľҲ֪
ڣϷ˯״̬Ѿˮľ˾֮ģÿһβ֮̽һЩδܼʱ֮ƶĪ죬ҪˮľѲСľ
Ȼܹά֣ƿһСѹԽԽˮľеЩˡ
ͬǱβޡββΪ壬Ȼʧأ־ʵ̫ƿˡ
ȻֻҪĴ̽ս̽ƽʱˮľҲԼĴˡ
˵ĵģϷ˯Ϊ¼ͨƽ壬Ȼ̳˵ľ֡
ˮľԴͲľµĺ̽ΪȻ˶ˮľҲ̫ģȻڿ˭֪δҪˮľ⣬Ʋô죿
ʹ̽ˣȻԸٿһܹ߸̽Ĵڳ֣ǿԣҲü͸־ϵ
㰲ĵߣпƻӦ֮ڣ
˱Լ
ˮľҲûж⣬ֻǵЦЦȻ˳˾ռ䡣
гͻ߲һ
ȻܹͶӰ֣ҪˮľҲҪ˺ǲִߣӡͲľҹһ
Σʱ򡣡
Ҫ磬ҲҪȵʮβ׽֮˵
ˮľ˽յ˫ۣͿԶؿҵĺɫӰŻֻܱʮβǲߡ
̸۵һᣬҲֻһ˲Ĺ
ôȻ𣿡
ˮľǧĻʵ
Ѿްˣһͻѹ
ȻӦ˶ˣܻ
ǧ俴עҪ̽ӢۣӦ־ɳǣĵˡ
ֻǣʵôף
״̬µǲ޵еģؿʹðŶݼ̵ܹϣ΢΢ǻ֮ǲȡʤĿܶС
õĽǲߴ֮£ھ͵Ϯʩչ壬׶ԸĴͲľҹȡʤĻᡣ

ʹϦؿѾάסʱǿȵĹˣȻղŵһռƣǲҲӦˡ
ӵв֮ʮβûʲôӰ졣
̫˼ˣ
ǲĨȥǵѪȵؿŲԶڴϢؿɫļݣѾҪԭòˡ
ǿţֻǺܿϧͲôһ㣬Ҫǿһ㣬ܾͻ᲻һˡ
û
ؿŷ
รӣ㻹ܹʲôڣӦöãֻܹԹԵ˰ɣ
Ѿɥʧ׼ȷжϣֻʣǰ֮еؿȹǷؿɫѪڣǿٴӿ
ڳܳƵؿΧĺɫ۳˶ɵͷؿĳԳٶȣգ֮ǲߡ
Ծһţصڵ˵ͷĹ֮£ûȥģҲʮβˡ
ǿǲ߲ϺˣĦγһϸĻͨһŵǻ
ľͷĹֵײƲһǲµ̧ͷ˿ԶѾճһŽ̿ؿ


1000 ҫ
ʮβ鷳֮ڴˣܶʱԾԵɱ֮ĻָѸƸԭǱˣҲҪþָܹ
ؿʧˣⲢˣ޼ɵܹǲ߱ȵزѾܲˣȫһҲͬ顣
ǲһֻ֣޴ÿҪŤϵĲӰֱȫĹͷิλ֮󣬻һ¹ؽڣȻվ
ӡľӮˣ
ѾҪؿźҡҡͷ
רעڷӡ츳ܲѧɣƱҪģҲŶݼ׾Ͳе̶ˡ˵ļ޾ѾúܺˣܿϧԵң񣡡
Ŷݼ׿Ψһܹȫȫܹ֮ͻ༫޵ķˡ
ķҲˣΪôɣ
ջݵȵǲʼӳŵյ£һĪĿ־Уʼ˵ĸ֪ӡ
õܹɺɫǲߵĶͷѿһӣһöɺľŹֻд۳֡
ֱʱǲ˲˹λзӡʮβӢ۱ӱΣȹѾսʱˡ
ԭЩʱòӰ֡
ոս֮ˣõ֮Ͼó
ѾȫʧȥȵĻؿӲǱ˴˻
Ȼһؿ̫ˣԺܲ߶Ǹδ֪ѾǲĽˡ
ѹǲ̧ͷ˿ѾԽԽɫֻһֺ˴ۡ
ʶѾֹŤͷ˿µˮľƺ˵ʲôֹľٶˮľЦЦ
ô˸˵˵ʲô
㶼֪ˣ
ҿǴ˵ӵпδԤߣʲôܹùң
ˮľԲѵĻһԵǧǿĻ嶼ȥ
̽ûԤ£ЩװŪģֻǳԹıļһˣ
ǰǿ͸
ˮľҲýֻ̫࣬Ƕǲʵ
ô
ǲһ´
Լ۾

СͻڻԱƵе꣬ЩԼĿģԼŲɵ࣬ͷȫǼٵģĴȷʵɳˡ
˶ȫˡƫƫһܺãǣۼһΪʵ
֪һúģˮľʦӦòǵˣ
ǻǶлˡ
㱧еҲûйϵˮľɲԭǸ޵½ʦɱ̽Ļ֣ĽǴһ֮󣬱ӡ
ңǲ˵ʵӡ˴Ͳľҹ֮󣬻мδ֪
һУˮľʱռ裬˭ܹץ
̽߶ˣҸطҲܺˣ֮ͺܲ
ˮľʦ¶Ҫæֵ𣿡
ˣɣʮβҪ߰Ըһе飡
ţ
ǲͷ漴ȫܺȶɫľʿýطԾ𣬺Լ߰ϣ
ˮľӸղžһֱЩ㱵Ҵߣȥ꣬ʵ䲻ʮСһǰδеã֮С
֪ʱȻҲûʲô̵̫ʶ
ȵʼˣ䲻ؾ;Ĵ
Ҳ߿ֻˮľһܷʧҴ˵Լɳȹеļֵʱǰʲôп޵ķʦεĻ顣
δСһûѧüֵʡ
ôЩڵˣ
ҴãȻ̧ͷȻҡҡͷ
ûУ
ˮľҪԼһߵļ
߲ʲôݵְҵߣͨҲһ˵һܶǿĵ飡
ҴƶǶ˵
ôһ£ò岻ԺҲͻȻ׵ȥ
˭ܹ˵ǰ˵ģúûţԱ΢ܱ
̤ߵ磬֣ãеɲһʱܳܵ˵ġ
ֻǣˮľЩź
ĴҴ廹ûпͲдۣҲĳ̫ǿд۵ѹ̫ˡ
ͬʱϵǲ߽ķ䣬¶ĻԹҫһ̽ÿһ䡭


1001 ң
¶ܹھΪƭǲߣȻͬһ㡣
ֻֻд۲ʹõѪ⣬ûܹӵùȥ
¶˵ľ޷Ļþٸ罵յһɶתΪ׾
û⣬̽ཫĽ֣ǲ߻ᱻھ͵ϮͲľҹϹʱͳʱ
ϧڵսϳ˺ھ֮⣬в¶Ӱ졢ӵв֮Ļڡ
ǲ֮֮ʹõȫܺҲӵж¶
ǲıӻ֮£Ϊӡʮβ߰ҰȻ
ڸովܾǲĺˮľûʲôر顣
һԵǧˮľƵؿϵĺ£ΪʲôҪʹû뵽ת۾ͱ¶þȻ罵˹ʵϡ
ǰɣôûУ
Ŀı仯öصˮľԹ۵Ļ۾
¶ĻԹ⻹ҫ罵ȫ̽ĴŰ
磬ǲܺıӻɪɪĵ߰࣬Ҳֻһڻܹɻˡ
ĿӰԳնĵնϵһܺߣԲѵĸֵٴΰ
֮󣬻Ҳ˲ǵɡ
ô죿
ʵͲ۷壬Ȼв֮ǵʱƾ̫ˣʮβǡòܹԸġ
ڴһĪչʱ򣬲Զһ˶ĹʵڲĽչɫˮľͻأ˳
Ȼ罵¶Ѫ޵ûзŹˮľľӶزƹͼˮľٴεղ
ˮļֽ̌ϣûû˵Ĺʵ˲ʤš󲻵òٻϷ˯Ŀռӻ罵Ҳ׼ȷڣŲòͣ
ôġѵģʽ
ˮľɫͫףɫƮȻǧЩɻ
û˵ģʽЧ
ˮľЦҡҡͷ
ģʽϵֻҶеһСɡ
˵ʵֵһᡣ
¶ǿҲǻֱӵĹҪ罵ϣܷӳЧ
¶ԭٸҲ˾֮ϵ
¶ߵľ뾫ռ֮ûпƵͳΪ罵İӣ޷رղ֮ɰ׾
ֱӶԿ¶ˮľŪ֮д۲УҲ̫鷳ˣƤǲæܹѹˡ
ǶȣâʵҲǲԡ
ˮľľӱжϣ¶ṥϷ˯ˮľĺ԰ģΪⶫͲͨĻͲ
ӵôʵˮľϰͨϷ˯ľһж
һΣˮľ˵Ҳİֻ¶ռˮľͨϷ˯ľӣԼ塣
ǱˮͧϵľɫͨǱĹת۲ˮϵһһ
ҽⲻʱӰ첻󡭡
ô˵ŵˮľͻȻɫһ֫嶯һЩЭƬ֮󣬲ٴ˵
¶Ļռ䣬ʵʱſһ㣬˼άͬһʱ䣬ӦһͺãӦòˡ
ȻˮľûϸֻͣƬ֮оףֶҲֻˮľܹʹãػӱ¶ķ˸ûа취ģ¡
¶ռ棬ˮľѧУİ칫ңΧһЩϤǰͬ£⼸߽½̡
󷽣һִֻˮľļ̣Ц
ˮľոְϽ̵ΣôȥɲУ
³Ǹˡ
󲿷עˮľȻⲻ˶¶ռķܡ
ͬʱۿӰһٶһʮٶȿ
ҪͬʱӰ൱˵һ£ҺЩԼϰһĶãҪȻͱƷˡ
⼸쾫е㲻ãȻȥϢһᣬ鷳ˣ
Ұɡ
ˮľͷżмҵķ˹ȥﻹм˺ͺӵԼ°ȥ
ν¶Ҳֻ̽ˣǰеľȫ޷ģ⣬ȱȻҲ޷ҵֻ־̫ǿ󣬵취ˡ
ңָӵײñݣͶȡֻȨ֮ƣؼҪʵƾ֡


1002 
Ը¶ˮľûһʧƽⷽ
ȡֱֶͨΣҲǲѶΪ֮
õķȻУֻΪƣӦʱͽҿ
Ȼʱָ˿սҲûж˥ʵûôõĻˡ
Σ
׻˵㣬ˮľȻܹͨϷ˯Ӹʵ񣬵ԷĿսȫ޷ǰӦ֡
ϾⲻϷһ˿Կɫսϵȱ
ûʵ֧Ԯսþûйˡ
ÿһսǿķˮľս̫ˡ
ڣҲֻǿѹסЩľ¶еĻıȫͬŤ־
ˮľ岻ʱذоյضȹΣա
ڲǽǽȳĺʱõȵ¶ȥС
ᴩһУҹĹԣͲֵֶܹͨġ
һƬžȫǲ֮ǰֵս
·綼ƬĿĻԹ֮С
ϣһǲؿűϴӵ硣
ǲܺµĵ߰࣬ӦѾûлˡ
ӵսԭǿĵ߰࣬Ӧˮľġ
߰Ҫʮβ״̬ǲߣֻҪ¶úھлʩչ壬ôͲľҹˡ
һĹ߽ҹɫٴ磬ϵѪҲñȽˡ
ֱʱǲܺıľ˻дҰӣſܵ׷ʲô
Ŀȫ罵ŰĺۼԭͬѾӰֻϵһ˶Ĺʵôɡ
ľһһϤӰǲ֮ǰű˾ȻؿʱȻԲѡ
ľٴνؿ
ûа취ˣ
²¶罵ʵƾһǻѪûа취ͬˡ
ô죿
Ϊ߰Ĵʦľʱ򲻵òͦ
Ҳֻ̽Ǽˣԡ
ļ̌ͷǲߣ˫ɺͲдĿ
Ȼܵˣ취
еǰļҲܣ̽ȫˡ
߰ˣǲӵֻۣ֮ݶܹ˵ʮβҰӣԼжݴҲСľյʱռܹһзͲд
̶ֳȵӦܹǲߵסˡ
ɷɣ
ǲ˫ǰ죬ɫ״߰Ϯ̺֮׵Բܹ׵ֵġ

ڰ˫֣ǰ裬֣߰ɫ׵׷ױס
ֻͬȹܹ֮
ǣǲʧģսһ϶ռƣɷȻסըȻ˲סˡ
ɷᰶݹ
վȵ˻ûӦһɫĹ˹˵ĺڰشϣȻ˵ĶͷۿҪԴ
Сģˣ
Σͷľͻأس֣ײͲд۷ռг֣ҪԶļռ䡣
Ǿʣ˸ղǸʹðŶݼ׵ߣҲܸҴһȤ
ʤȯգ¶Ѿ̽սǱһɨգԶЩΪĻ壬ҲǰܹһвˣǰԼѿˮľǲ߲ûзϣʵǿû֮ԼͬȵͲӵù¶Ҳ罵һʵ棬ˮľӰ
ӹһٵµؿŲһǲߣͻȻֻڰƵĴľ˶Ŀĵ˱ˡ
ͬʱǲ˫׹˸ĳҰӣԼϮĹֵ
ǣüҵӰӣ
ǲ΢΢üͷ
ǸǰһˣҲãҲܶһᣡ
˵ȻЩϣ˸ǲҲẦ£̽ǿԼһֻ֣ҪԼ޵еġ

ˮľž֪ҵ˵طֻľҴӰ
罵Ҫץˣˮľ־ͽɢȻץסҴ壬ʱ޷ʱռз졣
һҴ壬ˮľźҡҡͷ
¶ռζôãٵľǼٵģ˸ѹʱˡ


1003 ֧
ֻǣˮľȻܹʱҴ¶罵˺ȴѽѾݻþռҴľѡ
û⣬ͨ¶ĿԻΪ㡣
ˮľܹжѾͶȡܹļˡ
һˣˮľǲ份ѵĴġ
罵ʱ򷴶һܺõıһЩţֻҪ߰ʮβսǴڰȫ״̬
Ҵ岻һ
̫ˣǿάֵƽ⣬罵ղջڵľƸ֡
֮ӡѾڻԾ״̬ʵ̫Σˣһʧأ²Ȼʴûоֿ޼ɵҴԽɽ
Ȼı⣬߽ݾȻҪգ
ڣˮľҲֻ취ˡ
ˮľҴϵĺɫӡѾʼ֣ͷҲʾ£ʼѹ֮ӡı
ȻĸҴڵӡ϶ԽԽ࣬Ȼ񱻵ȼĲнѸٱѹեһգҲᱻɡ
ΨһĺϢ֮ӡ滹ˮľľ־ܹѹһӡıܣΪˮľжȡһʱ䡣
ķ˰
ˮľ̾Ϣһ׽Ҵϵķӡ֮ӡʼҲʼʹൽԾز
ŵ㣬СӣҪǼֲסɾҪɰ׳ˣ
ˮľӡʼϱ仯һϺɫӰҴΧ
ǸḻָʦѧģʽҲһˣǻ˯ѵѧһǵһν̡
ҴѾȽˣˮľҲ̶ֳȣ˵壬ûоӳֵʩչģʽɲһ׵顣
Ǵʴǿ£
ˮľҲоҴؼеΣ֪Ųæҡ
չѸٳҴڶȻ컯ָֻһͷڷ˺ɫҲ࣬۽ǵ״Ӱԡ
ˮľϿֺƽ⣬߼ѹҴ˫едۣȻ¶͵ֻ״ͶӰȻڣ۽Ѿ˺쵽ڵѪҺ
ûͲдۣ
ˮľЩʧԾԵƶд۵ĽʮֳģʽļӳֶС
дۣ֮ûֻ꣬ǿտǶѣǿƶҲ޼£
ûо񲨶Ҳû취д۵ͲдҲֻ
Ҳǣܹô򵥾ܿͲдۣǧǲҲνɱаˡ
ȻˣˮľҲֻʹֶҴˡ
ִʱռֿóһСƿӣӪҺеģʽѾ̤Ͻ֮·İۡ
÷ӡСĵذŰۣȻҴͷڱ
ˮľļӳ֣۾һҫŵɫԵ飬Ƕ뵽ҴĶͷ棬ͷɢƵһ
֮䣬ԭռƵȻ۴գƵѸɢסҴۿдУӵ
ˮľóһƿȫҩ˿Ҵ죬˽ȥ
ʱҲ˲ˣѹեһڵǱҲǲѶΪ֮Ҳϧ
Ȼˮľƺ֮£ҴͷİۼӴղٶȣѹեȻյȫգˮľĸ֪УȻ񱻺ڶһ㣬Ѹٵرһա
Ӧò˰ɣ
ˮľǵؿŰһ˿Ȼɫ·Ȼӡ
תۣˣ
ӵк֮ͬȹܹؼݣͬʱתͨþʵǽҴĹؼ
ܹԻʽᴩ̽ȷʵ൱ˮľҪģʱҴξˣҪԼˡ
ûã˫ĿҴͻȻһ£ֻ״ͶӰȥдۡ
ˣ
ҴãȻؿ˿ܡ
ղֻǻԭһжǼٵġ
㻹ðɣ
֪Ҵʱ˿ĸ̫ܲãˮľҲҪһ˰̡
ˣάתʵ̫ˣҪл۷ḻˮľṩҴͱɲˡ
һˮľϣõĻþ𣬴ĳѾ㹻ˣֻöתȻƬ״Ҷ


1004 
ת֮еֱͲдҴ岢ûм̳УŴϢԴͷǲͬҲһ
ǲķ糵״ҴͲд۵ͫ׸Ƿǻڡ
ǻ͵ͫ
ˮľͷЩɻҴ屾˲óˮľ˽һЩ֮⣬עҴȫ淢չ߲̾ݡͽָϣҴ廹Сʵ
Ϊļӳ֣ʹҴжҲŲСơ
Ҵ岻ԣǵͷЩɻҡͷ˫۲ۣһɫĻ״ܺľʿˮľǰ
ɫô
ˮľͷһ
ܺɫȻû壬һЩɫͣɫɫȽ϶ɫɫҲɫɫɫɫͼΪˡ
ڳԻӰʵ磬ɫ˴ϲ֮вǺ塣
ɫͽɫһ˹֮УɫԤʾŲƶѱ棬ɫԢ⣬ˮľҲ׼ֻɫɢĮп֮ԡ
ܺԭͣˮľǰƶѱյ𣬼նɱ᪴ߵƽƾ٣Ҳ˱ͽĴ˵
ܺκɫȻܾ˵⣬չ¶Ͳд۵ͫ
Ҵˮһҫܺ˱׼ʿ֮⣬˫ֲûֳȭ˫ֻλһԷȭС
սͣóԶǿҴ壬Ͳд۵ͫʲô
Ҳ֪ô˵

ˮľΪ졣
֮Ҳ֪ǺʹֻĻһͬ飬ƾϴۻ֮࣬һ
ԴҴͲд֣ͫǣԱȽ΢һܹӰ˫н
аĵ˲һҲпһָӲпа
һַǳ˵Ĺ伫£׳һеĴ⡣
̫һҾԵľͻҲûˡ
ļһ㲻ףԽ򵥣ԽΣհ
ˮľҡͷЦ
ҴͲд۳ѧէӦû̫ΣգͲд۵ĸҲм޵ģֻҪԺãӦòɴ
ͫԺҪʹá
ˮľĻû˵꣬ͼܺҴ嶢ߣȻԼϾȼɫ
ǣ
ˮľȵİһ˫֣һƺӿȻ
Թ
ʹķǿҪܷգֹǷɣͽľ־Ķ⡣
ÿһϷ˯罨ϵ˶ԡóϷ
ϵͽ϶Ҳ̫ᶨﰵи̵ļһ
ûеõĻӦûʵ֣ҲԹžϵ͵Ϸ˯硣
Ĳ⣬ҲӲҪúôܺǲܵģˮľģҲֻǾСա
Ҵʱʹˮľʱڵ
ˣͣ°ɣҴ塭
ˮľ뽫Լʵһ飬ûнӴʲôΣն
ɫɢˮľеͷһɣһֲǰӰһĳУоеҹɫࡣ
״̬ѧϰо϶°빦
Ļ¶֮ǰͫȷʵŷͬһá
ǰˮľõŵȻʴ
ֻһϧ̶ֳȵȻԽ¶
Ҫ˷Ѳˣת۽ϵҪٱԻˣ
ҴֵЦЦ
ˣѾˣ
ת۲ѷɫֻۣӵݵȻܹ¶
Ǻãתۻң̫ΣˣҰṩзӡҲƲ˶áȵȣҪʲô
ֻҪӴתۣ˾ͻᱻɲתۺǿ󣬸Ҳʮ־˵ġ
ôһʱ䣬ˣ
Ҵ彫ĿתѹƵõ߰ЩǱǲߡ
Ǹһѵһ£ܾЩģ
ͷŭޣйһ£ҴԼصǰǸˡ
㲻ҪҴ壬̫ǿΣգ
֪ᣬҿܻһӣ
Ҵᶨ˵ţö֣ɫŰҴ壬ǲߵķ˹ȥ
ת۲ģʽôѷӡ״ƣʱܻܿᱻɲ
ˮľͼҴʱѾȥˡ
ȻܿͲд۵ģһƢ
ˮľε̾һ


1005 䲻
Ҵǰ˸ߵɫܺǲߵע
ܹ¶罵Ĵ֮»жʵ̫ˡ
ڣɫֵת۲ģʽɢǿϢ˭ҲСӡ
öΧǺѪͬȲ
ɷᰶݹ
̽óܹжݺڰǿǲҲҴ⣬Զĵ߰౻ǲܺӻĸǿĵ˻ҪȥԸû뵽һ֮ǿС
缤ᰶݹҴĻŭֻ̧꣬˫֣Ĺ߾ͱգȻ˲䷴תԸ򾪴˵ǲ߻ػ
ת۵ؼȻԸǿķʽᰶݹ˲ǲߵ࣬ؿڵλÿһڴĶס
ʲôȶӡҪԵշʽĶͷʲô϶ǰۡ
֮ǰѾԹĿǲ֪۽֮ȷʵпƲܹôԳǲߵԤơ
شǲ߷ӦҴٴνӡʩչͨһ޴ʯƾճ֣СɽһĴһһȭչǲߡ
ղŻԸóѵϲеʮβҴһõɶأڵϣһͿӳ֣ʯֲܲˣһֻ̤˹޴ٴνǲҵ߻أҪʮβʵܾͱĩˡ
ʯַйһ͵̤ʱһɾ޴ĳʯִ죬ű˺ʯ顣

Ͻʩչֻǲߣߵвų֮æغˡסشϢ
弸ûһãڵĹͷ챻ѹƬˣصǣؿڵѾصЩӰսˡ
ʮβˣն̬ƣƶۿɼٶڿٻָ
۱ʯ֣Īǣ¾£ٴιͼ֮ǲ߿ȫܺ˫ܺӡһյľ޴ʯҴʯ
ͷҴ岻ŲæؿһۣȻһӡ
ת
籩һֻ֣޴ʯȻǲߵܺķ˦˹ȥ
鷳
ǲüͷȫܺųԼٻҵԼľ޴ʯ¾г飬ܹƽɽĹȷʵ˲С
תನǲ߶оܺЩȶȫܺʮβ״̬ļӳ£޾Ĳ֧ţڱ
Чôֱӵġ
ȫܺٴΰθߣȶӴĳֽʿ֮ʯַȥʹʤ
һĻӣ
ҴȫĲʹһ
ת
ɫҴĲ֮£˰еǲ߿Ƶܺ
ǹŰȫܺûзͱи飬ҴصעǲߵıҲУһֱֻۺһȱжϣصǴб£ţ¸гΡ
ʲôˡ
˶Ե˲˽ĿǲҲЩڣȻ֪ҴΣգԵǿĳ̶ȻЩƲ㡣
гεǲߺܺڵϣתĹҲûֹͣɫ˵Ľɫߣ涼п˼Ĺֱ֣ͨ
ʹǿҴҲͣǰĲסͷתۡ
ϾǴͲľĺˣӴתۻ̫Σˣʹ֮ڵĲһգҪˮľǮµһҩͼֲסˡ
ӡɶˣҪΪֹ𣡡
ǿĹǲһֲʮβӦҲƲᣡ
ҴţһߴϢһ߿ŲԶıը̳ɢȥ
ףã
ѾƣˣսйǰķӦѾˡ
һֻźɫɻꪻնƣǰܺҪǿҡ
ìĸˣΪȡǲܹΪΪ
ǲЩŭ˹
ھϽæ
֪ˣ
ĺӰ֣ǲϣڵӰ紥һ㽫ǲ߱пƬŲһȻʮβǿϡ
˵Ҹæøǿ
ϻô࣬㱾ҵһ֣֮ұǿȻģ
ھ׾и֮İ׾Ҫṩ͸ĲԼʹľݵھҲƵؼƫھǿ
˲֮Ҫǿ̬ղǸӦõΪֹˣҲƲˡʲôҲôǿ
ǲ߲ΪͱֻǿԼѾʮβˣֻǱ˸ֲôǱ
ھЦ˼
ǰ㿴Ǳ߼ľҶѾӦˣòƶöԸ
¶Ĺɢ߰Ҳٸ˹֧Ԯ

ֻüʵʯŲǰֵҴ壬ì䴩ʯ֣ҪԼɱͻȻеʱռ䲨ٴλعʱѾˮľһߣµìڵҹգԶһɽ飬Ȼұը


1006 ع
˵ˣҪçײ
ˮľֽҴ߰ĲӡȻ֣ڶͷת棬ϺɫȥķҲʧȥҴҲͿزסתˡ
Ѿشˣ
ҴЩҪվս
ˣҪٶһᣬҶȲˡ
Ȼ׾ϸĳϸܹṩ޵һʱܹҲ޵ģʱ͸֧ǻġ
һζɵ˺õģἫؽ㽫ܹﵽޡ
Ҵ嵮ʱͲǺܸԣ仹Ǹ׳꣬ϸʵѾ˴룬۷͹ˡ
Ҳڣ
ˮľҡҡͷ
û˵òԣֻĳ嶯ֵã
ˮľĽѵҴҲֻʵʵţ塣
һᣬҴſʵ
ҵǲǶģ
ţ
ˮļ̌ͷҴһۡ
ǲ߸ղŵĻˣ¡ˡȻò󣬵Ҳ
ˮľЦЦ˵
Ϊһˣ߹ܹ˼꣬Щϲļһǿˣ

õ϶ҴƣҲֲסܿͻ˯ȥˡ
ˣˡ
Ѿȶת÷ӡãȻҴͷժԼĶͷ
ǲϧ̫ѿơҲ̫ˡ
ˮľ岻Ǿĳϸܻ˲䱻ɲ
ʹǿģʽһ̲ͣӴȻת۶չΣҲȻ벻ĵزֻôܵĲֲ
ǿû㹻ʵԦֻǱ磬ˮľԲĻۻ֧һսӦò⡣

ǲǰδģûгΪʮβʱ̽Χκβݺֻ۵вǰһеֻֿʱ䡣
ڣѾվ̽۵Ķ˵ǲߣʵ˸еµ߰ĸʵҲһ
ֻ۵̫ȫ棬ڻʱռûжس֮⣬ûʲôð취ԸοʮβṩĲ֮Լ޵Ĳͷ
ǲ߱һʵḻߣܹΪսٮٮߣԾһ
ûǲߵʵдա
Ͼضö｣ȻʱռನǻǲߵƤһ˿˿ڣСˣգ֮Ͳڡ
ţǲ˫֣öϮ۶ݡ｣ӡƽ⡣

ʶԼóǲЧǲʩչλλһ˲䱻ƶȦǲеֲҰӣȭͷҸš
ɷжݡ˫
һֻŽǲ̤ڽ£ȭ񱩵𣬽Ӷ£ǲߴͬƲһ
뾽ǲһʱᱻѷɫֵȭˣĺھ̽˺ɫĴ֣סСӣ˫֡
ھһʱǲҲعʹ˳ԼѿĴҰӣԶԶص
ǲȸղǸʹðŶݼ׵ľҶ߻ǲ˵㡣
ǲ߻һ²ͼ˳ֽϹ۵ĵطһͻָ˴롣
Ҫ׷ǲͻȻеһ˿ΣȻɫ䡣
ףԣⲻǴзӡ
ʶʲôǲһЩңֻͻȻһڵ˲ʧȥƽ⣬Ŵβ޵ĲҪҰһƴҪ뿪ǲߵ塣
ʮβӡһӣô̵ʱ䣬һ
ǲһѹڱľŴβ޲һ߶ǲľĹ
ǸСŮˮľĵӣӡ֣̽óӡĲࡣ̫⣬ߡ
ļһ䳰ȷʱ򣿸ղΪʲô˵
̫ûˡ
ҪϻϽѹβ޲
ԸҪĻʵĸ࡭
ھͻȻĪ˵
ʲô˼ס
ͻȻ嶯˵ǲɫ䡣
Ҫʲô
Ȼøǿ
Ӱǲӣؿʮβж
ҲҪֻҵľ
ȷ
ͼذĺھҲٶ໰ץʱĿģǲ˷Ͳðˡ
ݡ塣
֮䣬ǲߴﵽⱻǣһɫŮӱ˳


1007 ;
ͬǲߵʮβ󣬴ͲľҹҪģʽչԼʵͬΪһî֮Ů񣬲ǴʮβʮβʹͲľҹʵһĴڡ
ߵĳͷһڳ˵Ľǣ԰׵ķɫԣ³ڵ߰ǰŮӲͨࡣ
ˣͲľҹͷľŹֻдҲʾǿʵ
ţʦһ˭
սͻȻıʣü˶Щͷԡ
ľҡҡͷͷǵӦǿ϶ġ
ɢʮβԡ
Щᣬ֪òü
ЩͷԣҪҪȥʣ
Ҫçײ
ǲѣһԵĴҰӣҲסԾԾԵˡ
ʱӦˮľʦӦ֪ʲô
ףʱ˲Ӧ¶
Ӧûɣš
ǲȷ˵
֮ǰܾҵİæа취ֵ¶иղźǲսǹ
ѷɫʮβս벻ע⵽ѣ̽ôŵ࣬Ҳûˡ
˲ؿˮľڵķԶԶأˮľ߻֡
ףʲôкǹȥԣǸ𡭡ʲô
˱ԹĻ˵꣬ǰͻȻһȻͳڰУ·һ޼ʵҽ

ˣСӿɱˣҪȻһҪһֽţ
ͲľҹӦúޱ仯߰ĸսԭҪǿ٣˴͵ǲİæӦҲڻ¡
ʱѪ֮תƵռ䣬߰Ӧܹ˳ܴͲľҹŶԡ
ڣˮľҪģǳ׽⿪¶Ͱƽ̫鷳ˣתԴͨʵռǺõġ
¶ռ䣬ˮľվڻӰϣԶһɷپľҶ壬µĻӰңͷѾһȥģˮľݼΪơ
һҪǰʶ㣬˵ͳԽȥˡ
ĵطԴȻķʽʵ룬³ɵ磬ԸҲ
ʱ뿪ˣ
ˮľЦҡҡͷ߽ܵģɢǵʧٴ۾ʱȻǸ¶Ű磬ҹ֮УΨһĹԴϵһ¡
⣬ʣµľһЩò
һˮľʩչ֮֮
һһľˮľ֪֮꣬Ψһ⣬Ϊ֮ȨˣѾǰ˺ܴ
һƬ罵Ƭ룬פһһˮľһģһӰУΨһ𣬾伡Ө͸ʿڵĹͷӰ
΢ӰϣĹڻۣͽ׵
ˮľͻȻ٣ϵӰ˿֣ϵЦ
ͦ죬һΪ໨һʱ¶Ҳûиǣ
ˮľüͷɨܡ
Ҫģû塭ã뷨ͱ㷢ˡ

ˮľͷٴνĿͶǸ˼ɵӰ
Һܺ棬ϣҵʵ־̥ңӦûп飬Ҫбѵ뷨ӦñҷˣΪʲôᷢ£ѵ˵¶ռ侭ʲôر飿
ô᣿
ϣɵʼ硣
Ѫ޵ôìܣڻռҵ
⵹Ҳǣʲûн
ôģûֻдۡûתۣһֻۺͲд۶ûУƾݵ޷Կ¶ġ
һûв´
ϣͷϡ
ܹƳ¶û⣿ֻҪ̽ŵĶͲӰ죡
شˮľɫѿˡ
ܹ̽ͻŵΨһܹģǶԣﶼ㲻ϣ
ô˵ҲǲУ˵ᶯģһǻģ
ʲôʱģ
˵
ͳ˵
ˮľͷذڰ֣ҪҪŪԷĵϸ׵׻˭ڱֽţˮľŲѴࡣ
԰꣡
ϣЦһ
Ҳ֪Լôתģ֪Щ뷨ԼģЩǣʶʱ޷ͷˡ
˵Ȼ޷⣬ҲϾʴֻϢضˮľؾ䣬ԼԺʧ


1008 ֮ʽ
֪ʵȷʵ⣬ˮľҲЩͷۣǰʱ򣬻⣬ֻһĸ档
ʵҲؾᣬ˵飬Ҳдͳģ𣿡
䣬ӦһǽɫĹߣϣͷ­ѪɽԶ
ϣĻҲڷˮľ塣
֮ǰڼΪı߱ˮľץסĨ־֮ע־ɾڵϣ
塢޼ֵеаߣˮľϣû뵽ֻûʲôͬ
ϣǺõĶǣһ仰ҲӦ֪ɰٴ˴󣬱ǧգеϣľԹޣаǿĴ߻
صƣϣȻûˮľȵУϸ΢ľֽĲƬ£ƴճͣȻˮľ˵š
֮ôܡ
ȦĻ壬ҲǶĵԹݣʣµġѵ˵
ˡ
ָ֮ϣЦ
䣬ʮβ֮⣬ƽĲ֮ǷɶΣ仰˵аұӣֲˣҪǵˣûڵһˡ
֮ϣڼβܽʱ򣬺ͲһսЩϣɶε˾ƾѪ࣬һȱ
ˮľǷӡҽҩѾ˾ţ֮ǽϣȻˣʱڷӡĲ֮ˮľһȻǲʧˡ
Ǹʱ򰡣ȷʵˡ
˾ƾѪܹѪҺߺаԼϵŵˮľҲǸʱʼаƹ֮һϣ˾ϵϵ
ں֯ͻȻβܽȫСβһսУϣͷɶεİƬ֫йӴʱƺЩ쳣սһˮľãûɴˡ
׾ٵؾܻò֮
ˮľе㲻ţ˵ΨһĴƷֻзɶΣôͻȻð˵ڶ
ܹж鷳
ϣƺˮľвԼʵͲ֮൱š
аȻϲ̨棬ôҲǸα񡯣ɶȱҪߡҪأôֻͷɶֻɫңҲаͽ
ϣ˫֣ƺڸܿɢ
ֶ̫ǳˣ۶ɵĲҪֶ̫ΣֻҪƵġʽͬĽֶڡ⡢ƽԭɽء󣬲šվšԾֻܶҪͻܵӰ죬޹Լ־һֹɡ䡣
Ȼ֪ܹʵףҲǿ׺ģǵ֪ʶۣȻ޷Ͳݡ񡯣аͷɶεȻǺ˽⣬ӹĴ˵յа̵伮һʵ޷Įӵġ
ˮľ֮̽ʵ
ɶаеƷУΨһһˣҲ˵
۱Ƚˣϣصͷ
ҵı壬ֻҪҵؼ΢һ£ˣϧ̫ˡаԼϵаУܵ˺ȻǱҪҳʲôֶΡʲôĿģͻƷɶεĴڣ١
ǲ
ˮľε̾һȷʵ˼άä㣬ѹַһ˼ϵ۾ͷЦȫһ˼άʽ
񽲵Ҳ룡
˵ŵϣִʱռֿóһҩƿӪҺƯһɺдۡ
ˮľһɫ䡣
Ҫѹôˣ
İɣλţֻǽͲд۶˹ҪǰҵɶַǳĻɫǾ̫Сˡ
ʲô˼
ֻҪ۶Ϸ˯ĿȨսˮľ޼ƿʩת۲ģʽսˮľ㹻ġ
ܹˮľģֻδ֪ѡ
аɶȣҪߣʮβ̽ϵ׻һ࣬ȱ㣬岻ɶּһֻаչĴڣѣңòƱȷɶθаİ׼ȷ˵а̽־ľֻʱ죬߲壬Щŷûй޵ġϣ֮֮
޻̸֮սʹеģֻʹԹ޶ѡ
ôҲУβֶǡ񡯵ĳΣһ֮ޣǸСӻͨġϣ˵һڣʱˡ
Ͳд۵ǻ㾦һʡ


1009 
һʱ䣬ûʲôر鷢͸
Ӯ˵ģȻˣҲ̶ֳֻȣΪʲôֻнôһļһܹ꣬ģΪʲôƫƫǣ
˵𣬴峤ǼߣսˣźţҲãҲ˼ͬʲô飬༸ôʲôҲˣǻǡҪҲѪ޽ͺˣٹֳϦˡ
ѡ٣˰ɣνˣ޹أҲʲôı䣡
ʲôģҲʲôܹ˴һƬԸ񡣵ͷֻվԭԥżô
ʲôȫĻҪôڽϴ󲿶ӵƽˮƽ
⡭һĶˣŬҲϲЩ˰ɡ
Ϊʲôôʹࣿ
ֻԭ̤𣿡
ܲܣ
ʲôǰһ飿
翣˸еδϣҲа
ǺðɣĵԸʵǷݿֲӦǵڴɡ
һʼɾûлͷ·ร
ҡĺڰѣԽޱۻԸڸܵů
ڵĵ棬áҡڵı߼ʣֱӴһƬý֯ʵα֮硣

ˮľĿɿڴؿϣһͲдֲۿת˲֮䣬Χ֪еĹ˻ķɶ꣬ϣϻۡ
ǽ¶罵̽Ĵģո
ɺд۶Ⱦ˽ɫ屻һɫĹյϣϸֳһƬƬĻƣؿγʮ״ģƬһ·Ӽʼ˴Լֱۡ
ȫͬڴͲľҹԼͲľʹͲľֵһеģʽòˮľǰڽͼڡ
־ģʽ˵ƶľ񼯺壬Ȼһ¡ȻԴнʣ֮֮Ĳͬô
ˮľЦʱй˼룬̲סԳһ£ȫӳֵϷ˯֮󣬾ȻĽ
ӦóƺΪʲôа񣿡
иԼȡô׵ģǽϣɣҲС
ʹô治Ҫ
ҿฺ־Ļ̽۵ϣԹ޵ĳߡ׼õģһģĻıร
ΪѾɹˣ
վڲܵһߣѿʼ޷ˣ
ˮľĬȻ̽籾ԲԳĸ־νŴβʱʵ̫Сˡ
ֻ̽ԭеĻ޲ȹ̵ܹ̽Ӳдõȴʱ
аѺϷ˯ĽϣвܣԼˮľоľ̽ûжٰ취
ʮβʱҸͶ㻹ǽƻ
Ҿ͵ǿ佱ˡ
׵ۣӰ첻ϣּĴڡ
͵ҵĶ֪ܣȻҲˣ
ʮβûбӡʱˮľаٱҵĳͻ˵Ҫˡ
ת۲ģʽīɫָ֣ˮľʹ÷ܸա
ͬڲͬУӳҲԶ
תҴУֻǷй̣ת۵ļԶԶ硣
ˮľͲһˣģʽĻۣս飬ҴҲȫᲢۡ
ôľѳۣ޷ıȶĽġ
ô֪˵ǲ֮η壿
ϣʧЦҡҡͷ
ֲοĶΪ᲻ġͲľҹΪʲôɱֻܷӡûУ˲ԸΪ֮̽̽ǰˡҲһ԰Ϊ롮֮ƵĴڣֻҪҳϣµӡǾ޷һʱȥҲĳһ츴೹νġϣֶڡ
˼
ˮľһ
ҳɱѶȣı̽ûһģ˷̽߶ҪѣϾҲûУֻǽЩ˷ֶѡ

ˮľصͷ
ˣһ˲õĶ
̽ôܹɵġ֮޵ġ
̽ռ޵ķ䣬飬ӣȻ£ȵȵõϷ
мҪƿءӣûг׳ɹӻˮľһ֡
а񡱵ˣҪ̫ߣһֱûʸֱˮľʵϣ
Ҫһϣġ񡯣ҾӦ˶ˡǲѡ񣬿ϧǵҲֻһˣֻһʱȨ֮ѡϳ̫ʹҲ顣


1010 һ
ϣĻˮľ޷
ԡ񡱵̬Ȼʹ˵ˮľҪ϶ûи
ⲢˮľȫͬϣĹ۵㡣
飬ԭеġа񡯾ͲֻǱ壬¶Ҳֻзɶôһ͵Ļɫа񡯿ҲֻһûнҿķʶѡʮβͲľһ㲻䡭
ôܿ϶аʹͲľһûйϵ
ϣЦЦطʵ

һȷʵ֤ʵˮľļУȫûйڡа񡱵ľ鱨޵Ĳ²⣬ҲֻǸԼռаϺ伮
֤ݣ
ϣڰ֡
֪Ҳֻ˵˵ѣһҪ𣿡
ʮβʹͲľҹҪˣͲľͲľ¿̽ӰҲҪʧˣʲôδ֮Ҳ޹ؽҪˡ
ڵǣǰǺᡯң
ˮľת۲ģʽϣһϺ״ƹ⻪ת֮УʵһԵЩĺϣһñ״ľ޴ֽ֣ڵ֮Уֲ֮ڣʮβʾĪѹȸУ͸һζ
ѹָԳȻӡ
䣬һɫ߻ٴػϣȴش͸˵˵Ӱûκ˺ֻǾˮһ㡣
ռʵĻ
תȻǿ˫Ͼֻǲݳʱ򣬲һȴԵжЧ
Ϸ˯磬㴴ĶȻܺá
ϣЩ⣬ܹʮβ״̬ǲ߶ԴؼֻҪպʱʵ޷
鱨ѹĲ࣬ʤȫʵıƴˡ
ϣȶֳ֮Уˮľӿ
ˮľ岻ܣͨͷתۣ޴ʯܵǰܹնɱ֮нûʯ磬ҲЧˡ
ղŵĻؾ㣬ܹɱÿ
ʯܾȭͻͱ˵ϣ
˸ƣܵ˵ȫ֮ϣռϷ磬ˮľάתۣڳ־սܡ
Ϊ˵ϼʹǾɱ¾ȻһȱħԭͣȷʵҲΪʹһԱԲǱ׵аȾĶʹһ֮Զ
ʹҲʹֻǺƹܹµĹʹж׼ȷ˵ӦýʹֻǳΪʹִƵȨԣЩͷ˵Ķʹ߹öࡣ
ΰ󣬵ͼƿؾɱ¾ζԼҪЪ˹а
˵Ǻպġʹɱ¾ɱո
ŵǷ۵Ĵ˵УĴˮɱ࣬κһڶҪ࣬ͬΪϼʹͬŶη񶼼ɵòӡǼ䡣
ɢɱ¾ʹҪ𣿡
˵۹Ƿǳ
ϣЦЦ
ǵäĹ籾ԴʶһϹӣȻԼķֺƶϳһЩ׻һˣûа취Գߵ۹硭
Ǿ˵ҷ˴󣿡
ҲɣӵϹӣ˵һǽʵҲǴ̫ס˵û߾뷨ֻµġӡΣʹҵȨ
ɱ¾񣿡
㻹ûףһǲ˵ѵģǺĸԴصģ˵ÿһֶ塣˵ˣʵԸҪ顭
ǣʵȫԸ飬ǲܵģȻޣ㹻ҵԸѣ޴Ĵ硭
ϣʼ硣
Ҿ͹ܲˣ־Ĺ򣬾ɱ¾ֶΣǽ֣̽δô֮ȥŰɣ̽ôһĻ
޷أ
ǾͿֹܲˡ
ϣѵõ֮˵
Ҳµˣʵ㣬Щ飬𣬱սᡣ
ף
ˮľɬصͷ
ȻԸǵˡ
еʹУȻǿ䱾ʣʵУǾɱ¾˵ֻȨ
ǼܹɱһʹĴڡ
յĹޣƽ飬ÿһĳߡ
̽磬ǰϢһĿʼǼġ
֮Уһб֪ͨġߡߡҪеĶ󣬴ӷ׵ϣ֮Ϊ䣬Ƿ˶ԳߵԹ޻ǧķ
ܲķչĳɹֻܸܵһǿĹ㽵İƻ
ǧսʱһαһβҵ̽սͺľϣ֮⡣
Ȼ̽磬ûջˣҲת
δʱ̣̽۵Թӭһܱ
ǶռȻδһѹͷš
ʵ޽һѹƣӦÿʼ³֮ͨС
ѹʮ̽ǿôӰᱻƷ
ԭУ˵ĸԼǲսսܡһֵֻĴϢˣһΣҪˣҲãӡͲľҹȻʱĥͳȻǸð취α겻αڣò˸õѡ񡭡лѡ


1011 
ΪһʱаȾˮľҲЩź
¹쵽޷аϢԼһٶδܲʵЩ⡣
鷢ˣǲζǱУҲ޷رݻ־
һΪĵطȻ˲һʵЩʧ
ϣȻѾһڵ˼ԴˮľĳЩ˼άڷãûбɷɶַļһ
ܹµĽ͸¶ôмֵ鱨ӦǴˮľƺ˼
аĳ׸޷⣬ôӦԽıʣҲǺͷ
֮޷⣬ñͨķ
֪Щ㹻ˡҲˣöˡ
ǰԭΪΪѣû뵽ô׾͵õתۡ
Ҳǣû̫ʧ
͵־ֻܱʱڸǣܱĥ𣬶ǿķıܡ
ᱻŤҲС
Ұɣ
һʼˮľʵȥΪԤȾһ޴ӵᱻһ򾡡
Ȼÿһʵ㹻ĶԣˮľĲݳһ覴ãЩʵҲˮľųȥľˮľļ鱨ƲɿжϵʱʵԴĻᣬ³⣬Ҳбָȡ
ֲĲҲܽʧһΧ֮ڣĴӡ
ܹ׹ˮľõϷ˯
ǰʱ䣬Ϸ˯緢һδ֪ʣҲϣܵͼӶϷ˯ĿȨе̽ˮľʱص˹
ڣϣаܣӡʱסϷ˯磬ϣȨˮľֻʱɱѡ
̵֮Դɲô׾ܱߵġ
ת۵ˮľ乵ͨռˮľͬһԴͷ
ĺö׹˭úýһ²֪
䣬ˮľܲתۣͨڤڤ֮еĻռ䣬Ȼ󳹵併̽硣
ԭʵɫ£ͻȻʵʮɫĿռŶʰ쵵ĺӰĴ裬纣¥һ罥ʵת飬ˮľϣȫУռ䲻һЪľ޴ľ֣Ŵгֵ
ڣƽˡ
ƳϣϷ˯ķʤĹؼ˶ǳˡ
ľôҲá
ϣƺԤϵıʣûʲôͽ͵ķֻǳŵض׼ˮľʵ
˵ܹ磬ѡ𣿡
ᡣ
ˮľȻػش
ȻˣȻҲᣡ
׵ģ
ͬԴ־ΪŤЩҲԲᷢı䡣
Ϸ˯粻̽һ𣬺ǰʵ䲻һ㹻֧ŵʵԽԽǿң֮͵Ŀռ䡭ȷе˵һѾٲǰֿԱĿˡ
ҵڲȷţҴԽ̽磬ҲȫɺϣĳЩ־ұԽż
Ҳô룬аֶûĻԵܵȵ̽ѡ
ǧٿ׵̽磬ֿܣ󲿷ҲʧȥʵֵĻˡ
û߶̽絮һΨһİ취ֹ̽ʵһöʵ
ϣ񣬵׸ʲôӰɣ
ϣĻ£ۿеͲдۿʼɢɫԵţܺ𽥳ͣһһ״̬Ҫɫܺˮľǰ
֮ԾԾԣΧһɫһţɢſֲϢЩ֮࣬ϸ֪ĻᷢжŤγɵĿ֮Դ
ֻ΢ӴˮľеһˣʧƬˡ
黹ֻ꣬ҪմȾͻǰ֣飬ɿտҲĳꡣ
Ĵ׷ɵ֮ףȼϷ˯еɫĻһ䡣
鷳ַھ귽ƣҵ־һоĴڳĥˡ
ˮľεҡҡͷʩչʱռһӰƾճ֣ǲ֮ǰԵҴ塣
޼ɵػӻ֮ΪҾûа취ôʶһ¸ոճֵı㲻֪
ľвӵǲĶĿǡ


1012 
ȻҴڴڻ˯״̬Ҳʲô⡣
ֻϵӡٴλԾɫӣ˲ȫ
ɢϺɫҴ壬Ƥ֮󣬺ԥۣȻýվ
һѣо
Ȼ̬Բһˡ
һΪû¶Ļᣬû뵽ó
Ҵϵ֮ӡʴˮľľ־ΪһʱĲȴʩܹڳ鷳ʱΪû뵽ʱá
Ҹôƺ㡭ˣǽҴɣ
νҺЩж־ʵһֻ㾫ִһ㲻꣡
ˮľͷ
ǿʼɣʱ䱦󣬵ڴͲľҹ͵ֳ߰ʤ֮ǰ
ҴҲ໰ֱӽӡȻӿڲһɫ״Ӱ
ˣ
˵϶㣬ԲʹһǿˮľûʲôãԴģʽȫ档
ϾֶΣʹûЩЭģ
ˮľЦһת۵Ͽ֮ס
ʱתۺֻд۶һõѪ޽磬Ȼô׾͵֣̫ˡ
ǰɺ̫ˣûżȻ֪Խ࣬ڤڤ֮еˣԽηˡ
Ҳôۣʲô򣬵ʲôҲǵѡıȻҿʼˣҲ׼
䣬ɫܺˮһĻ淺𣬺ɫ֮һѸͣת۾ͽղŵŤת
ȻաݵĻ滹ҪԵ
Űɫ治ϣѹҪϷ˯еһжҪոɾԭת֮ռƬȫȼˣפϷ˯ĲҲɫȼԶԶȥصɫһȼա
ҪǳħƬϷ˯ѾˣȥҲǰ취
ʮβƬֿǿҲ޷ĥˣ嶼ٲ
ϣüͷԭЩտϷ˯ɫĻòɵѵɫ档
ȥϷ˯綼ᱻմһѪͻḶˡ
òģа취
գȻûлռʵľ֮ҲûУĿ̫ˣų֮󣬻ŷӡʽת߽Ϸ˯ĸ
ȻˣҾͲˣѾУҲ̫Сˣ㿴ܡӦʲôӵİɣ
ĪĻϣ˫еͲдٴƴ֮գɺ˫Уͨеͫתӳϣϡ
ˮľȵУһͲд𽥱ɫֻۡ
⡭ôܣѵ˵
ˮľͻȻ뵽ʲô
ڽ֮ʱ׼
֣ò״Խ̽磬ôֻۣͰһˣ
ϣȻ˵š
Ͳд۽ΪֻûģֻҪС
ݣˮľѾˣ㹻Ĳ֧ţپ¡ǱĬظı䣬ΪֻӦԤ֮е飬Ҫꡢʮ껹Ǽʮ꣬ǾҪˮľˡ
ϣͲд۵ʱ䲢ʱѪ޽ĿԻûУΨһĻͫˡ
ֻ֮ͽǶᶨƵΪӵֻۣϣۿһͫͲд۲ڼ̵ʱڱֻۡ
һ˼άä㣬֮ͽｻ㣬Ȼ֪ظı壬ġ񡯵󡭡
ม
ϣҡҡͷ
㲻̫ϲЩ޹ؽҪϸڣʵִ֮ʱͽ󲿷ֶ֪֮۵֮ӣֻǽһӡǿ˳ˮ۶ѡ
ϣһ˵ţһ̧˫֡
ӡ
תһлڲʩչֽĲȻգɫľ֮ۿɼٶȿʧԭбƽٴƽ⡣
ֻصͬһˣʼһغϡ
䣬ϣȻһ𣬲ԶˮľҲÿռ䲨һûӦһƬȭͷӰ͵ػϣ۵ġʹϣת˲֮䣬ͽ˺Ƭ
ʮջá
ܹ⴫˵ռ䣬ʹֲѹȭģֻһˡ
ȻƬ֮󣬿ռͻȻѿһڵĿղйһ֮ԵĴͲľҹֳ


1013 
ŶޱĴͲľҹһȫ޷Ͽʲô뷨·һнϣֻһ޹ؽҪ顣
ҲǾһػϣͱɵˡ
ϧʮջȻҲֻǴĲűӵв֮ϣ˵ûʲôô
±ٲңҲ޷ʵɱϣ
ƲһƮ壬һƬӰֵľѸپ£ֽŲȻػ֮󣬾Ѹٻظԭ
ס
߰Ͳľҹۿϣ
ûֻһȡĳ棬û뵽ǿ
Ϊ֮Ͳľĵ̽ĳ޹ϵļ١
ԭֻǽ֪İֻۣʮβϵû뵽濴˼Ķ
î֮Ů񣬻ǲμ棬עѵˡ
ѡ
Ͳľҹ¶ɻ֮ɫĵ¹棬ûֻءתɷĸ
ʲô˼
Ҳɱ㡭
Ŷжԣν
Ҫ˵ĴͲľҹͻȻеʧĺɫͨһļµĲˮľϣҲоһƺϷ˯ײʲô˲õĶ
ţƵײƺʲôϹžôϷ˯Ŀռϡ
Ϥ
ˮľЦӦһ˫ɫĵĴִͲľҹնĺڶȻһԭСʧʱռͨٴα˺һӡ
ˮľ֪УһʱռżӰײײԽͲľҹʹѪޡȪĹ켣Ǳˤˮľǰ
Ӵþò
ܹŵ֮߰Уȷʵ˲ȻǼ߰
ˮľ˿Сӣһ˫ȭòƻûôףѾ۵ͷˣǲλεĲSˣѵõ񽣡

ľǱЦš
ΪҪڱ˪ˣǸֵŮ뿪ʱ˿ռ䲨
ǲֻͲдȫҲֻ֮еԪؿռƶ޷ʼռҪǻԵɺϣֻܵٻȴӰͨˡ
ôǵ߰ʵҲǱӣ
ʵǿǲ߲ǶҲˣͲľҹֿûսġŮӡ˵Ӧòڻ²Ŷԡ
ҲֵĻᣡ
һߵĹĵ˵
潻սֵļһȥץס
ร
ˮľؿ˿Ͳľҹĺھڹ۲ߡ

ˮľȻ
ͲľҹǲȷʵöԸһ㣬Բǰ׳գȻӡǧ꣬Ϊ־ĺھֻҪع鱾壬ľ鱨ǹڵ߰ˮľصע֮£ԭе뷨ȡӽսʽĴͲľҹȷʵҪѶԸöࡣ
ʵռƣȡλսʮβޡԼ֮ƾ͹Գˡ
̫ʧˣ
ˮľȻرԹڹԼɲܱ
ʱ򣬻ǲҪ֦Ҳǹܵţ߰໹ǲİ֡
ΪʲôǸֵŮӻᵽ
Ѫϵɣ
ֻۺʮβ֮ȻͨԼ֮ͨ̽󣬿ӡ̽ĵײ
ͨ໥ģȻֻܹٻʮβħΪʮβĴͲľҹֻܹ֪۵Ĵڲֻ֣ǳںľҵﻹʹûȪƶϷ˯磬û뵽ôıʡ
ǱǸĹˣˮľʦеķ
۲ΧƵͻȻʵ
ǰǣڲˣ
ʲô˼
ǵˣҴˣǶԸˣ
˺ǲʹرǣȻܹӡ̽еĴڣû壬Ѻ󣬵һᱩ¶⣬һΣû޺Ͱ޵ת֮ӡˡ
ӳֿʼͳĬǲ˼
вָ
ţ
ˮľǲ˼Ӧ˵Ҫȷһ¡
ȫǡǶԸͲľҹˣ
Ͳľҹ
Ǹİ֣ԭУǲߺܺĵؽ͹ŤǰڣȴûĻᣬֱӾôͲľҹˡ
֮棬î֮ŮôƺУⲻҪ
ǡҪս𣿡
ڼ˻ڸ״ʱ򣬻ָϣ֮ж׼˴Ͳľҹ
ˮľ͵߰ǰ˵Ѿ֡
ǰıߣ


1014 
˭ѡ񲢲ѡ
ȻܴͲľҹ
ѺýȴԸһȶԸҪ򵥡
һϵǿˮľϵ߰ĸ˲ǿһ
νĲ֮ʮβ塢֮桢ʲôģֻϵɱҲȽ鷳
ǲͲдסֱܹն꣬䲻ܴӸԴϳ׻аʮβټʮܹ֮ǳ˷ˡ
ٴθһδֻˡ
ҴͲдҲһ֮Եޱȣ˭Ҫɵ
Կǲģ鷳ǿ
ˮǻƵĹϵܹˮʹˮҲܽ
һСȼյĻ棬ղһˮһͰˮɭִ˵ҲǱˮн
ҪͷͬϻצȻϵëٰƤһֻƷǲС
ֻ˺ǲʩչرǣǲݲݷӡ¡
һҲֻǽԽӺ
ôǲǵǷֳʤٻʣµһ
ľЩɣһﶼǺöԸġ
̫̰ģ
ˮľҡҡͷ
Ƿֳʤ֪Ҫãҡռ֧Ųˣʱսص̽磬֪Ҫǣ
ʵҲȲϣʹͲľҹֳʤ㹻Ĳʵһо̫ˡ
Щ罵ǣڻоȣٵһᣬ˵ҪˣȫҪɰ׾ʿĲϡ
ðɡ
֪ˮľֵضԴģ̽ҲûܶĻˣ˵ĿС
һ֮ǲȱ任̬ܺӵ֮֮ʸҲõ˼ؼǿ
ɫʿ乭׼˰еĴͲľҹ
߶ĴͲľҹܿϣ֮У䣬ͼͷǴͻ˫ֽɫУһ˦лìǲ֮ʸ
һ󣬹Ǵ̳ìɫ֮ʸ𲻼
ðԵѪ޽磬еϤ
ľһͲдۣѰŴͲľҹ֮ʱ׼֡
ܲϤʬɡУôҲǵʦˣҪѧǰ¶֪һ棬ǲѪ޽磬ǽѪޣ
һʱϣҹľҶƻбؿɱȫûʲôڸУ˲֪Ҳֻвμӹһ̽սľսϲֹһμʶԶǿѪ޽硪ʬ
ϧŻҹһѪ޽̽ˡ
ðɣ˵Ķԡ
ľҲƽ̫ࡣ
һиôӦԣ
ΣҪУ˵֮Ȳˣɱҹʵ̫Եˡ
һнйɱҹǣ֪ˣˣ㣬Ҫ嶯
ľ˵꣬ߵѾھİ£ѸȻ۵ĽɫɺģʽżǿͲľҹ˹ȥ
｣
ιɱﵣôó𣿡
ˮľͷۡ
ûһ㼯ʶ
ϰ߾ͺá
ľƺͶ״˾ռˡ
̽Եһߣɲ˵
ðɣڵÿǵˣõ˵ܡкһϣ
ϣǸ֣֪ˡ
ϲ²ŵأȴܹ̤ʵصĹطҲֻˮľָˡ
Ƭ֮󣬻ɫϣͱһſռƺҪԼ島飬ƫƫһЩأֻԼ޷
佫ϣķѣȻѸٸԭʵڡ
ÿռ֮ǣ֮ʵǲͲд۴һ֮ȷʵ
ܹѸٽõĵزľҲ̾Ϊֹ
۴ͲľҹǱߣͻȻһɫɫŮסշɲôױˡ
Դ̽ײȴԻ⣬ԴͲľҹԲһȴƫƫ޷Ѹѣ֮кͻȪ඼ΪͣͶ޷ʩչֻ˿ٽӽ
ﵽҵЩԸ˵ϣ̫ãԸͲľҹǺЧġ
εĴͲľҹǰһƬڵĻǽͼ赲˵Ĺ
ϣҲʼįֱŤϱʱռ׽סֺСȣðе˴Ͳľҹ
｣ɫĹϷ˯Ŀռ䡣


1015 
Գһķ룬ͲǷֵܹġ
ϣ｣п֮ըĳڴͲľҹϡ
ˣ
һֱ־һϲҪһʱͻȻһֻס졣
嶯þա
߰СçײسҪˮľƨɣĴ治֮ӡ
֮˺ˮľʧͲľҹķ
ص߰฽ˣ̾ͱǲɫܺģһƬɫ״ǧĻһϮ
ʲô
ë룬һ֮治һɱܹģûǽ
ô֪
һ㶡
Ǹֵͷ˵Ҫӡһ𣡡
Ҫţˣ飬Ҫ˵
棬ĻһëϮ֮£֮ӳֵܺҡҡ׹
Ҫ
ܹʹܺĲһˣҴ履֮ܺͲֹȥ˳ë룬ͨǧûֻһѣʮջЧľҲܹʹʱռ֮
㻹Ƕһɣ
ˮľܾľ飬Ȼ̽缤ĲػĹĵѹľźĲ֧һͲдۻеǿ
Сӣ
֪ˣ
Ұӣͷ˫ֽӡǽһɫݵɫܺǰ
ӳֵݻȻܳ赲ë룬Ҳ󻺽ǲѹ
ܵķҲڱ˵ߣҲֻռ֮ˮľܹ֪ͨ˽淢顣
ڣ
һɫĹɨ޳͵пǲܺǰڣ˵｣شͲľҹжϡ
ֻۡ
ֻۡʲô
ܺпػǲͷһΡ
ֻǰ裿Ͻͨʮβ
ֻܹͨʮβ
ǲƺһ֪趨
ǰɡ
ˮľʱһ¡
ʹͲľҹôãûԹıܸʮβתʲôĿɲȫûù
ǲεصͷһᣬȻ
һЩѪϵûԹֻ֮֮󣬾һֱսû
ˮľ
ﶼǼ⣿һ˼ϸвУǱˡ
ôõĲ׽ʮβĻᣬȻ˵ֻõû
ɫѿˮľűгεĴͲľҹҲƲסڵĲͼͣһͨɫʮβ͡ͷ״䡢Ĺ֡
ʲô
ͱռ֮սʴˣȻı仯Ŀɿڴ
֮ʮβһĴڣڣشĴͲľҹ־ʱɥʧֵܿĻղõץᡭ
Ǹʧˣ
ؼʱ̵ӵǲɫЩѿ
ˣ㣬뵱ȻˣӦǰ˵
˼άäǺˣˮľԼ֪飬ΪȻҲ˽⣬ѧէǲֻʱ䲻鱨ȱʧ²õҲпԭ
Ͷȡɿǲˣ׼սɣ
ʹνתˮľҲЩ
ֻϧǧѷĻᡣ
Ȼ״̬ѴɣڵķչҲԤƵķΧ֮ڣҪġ
ȻŻûȫָϣֻۺʮβϵڿ񱩵нӽ˰ɫޣȻվʮβͷ
ǵȫѹһΪǵˣû뵽ҡ
֮вʮβͷ­޺ŲҽУһڵӰȻ
ܣ棬ֻһ־˷ˣϷѾˣ˳ɡ
ɫ֮ӰƬ类ȼͣѸٱȼ
ҾͲˡ
ʧȥһȣֻƯŰʮβͷϣ֮УְʮβͷӡѸӵʮβȫϮˮľĸ߳ӡӡʩչͲ¡
ʮβӡЦˣ
Ӵʮβ֮ŤСʧϣڡ
ʱڣʮβ廹һֵ
ΥԱܣʱѹƻɲסǣ˳˶Եȵƽ⣬Ҳ˲١
ɫĺʹ󣬾öֺ֣ܴۿɼٶȸԭͷŹֻ֡


1016 
ǿġΪһ֮ʵױ֮͸ǿǻϺȣһҪ˶졣
ƲסʮβƱҪѴľѹƼﵽȫ״̬ʮβ
ܹܺõؽʮβӳʮβ˲Ĵڡ
οϣǼѶԸǿߡ
ιˮľļһĶԸˣ
սľһЩйˡ
ôоǻһһǿУȴֻܷи˾ļһ
Ӧˣš
Ȼʵпˮľ֪еĻ֣඼Ѿ¶ˣЩҪһƬŵǳļһҲÿǡ
ǣѱһЩʶ֮Ĵˮ㡣
ڣԼ߻м弶ľյܹʱռչ޷ǲͲдеסܹ꣬˺ʹҰӣҲǲİ֣ҴͲдľҲʮֹؼųԹֶв
ǡ
ǻʤĹؼ
ԤٺãҲֻǴӱĽǶôԼǻȡ֣սԸӵв֮ϣֻֿԡ
ոձֻԾ˵ʮŵ˵
ȻܹһΣôһξͺˡɷβ｣
ں˾Ŵβ޵Ĳγɵ｣ŸͬԣеԵĲʱ仯ںϣö̬｣ոճΪʮβϣк¡
˿µĹ֮£ϣ˿ΪƵ֣ϣһźɫ帡ֲ󣬲ŵؽöԵ｣յС
ôܡ
߰Щš
ǲ߶ûôǿ
ˮľҡͷЦ
Ϊ˭ǿǼ̳ҵľԤʵ
ô£
еǿҪ֣ô˵ɣֻҪʮβֻϸóֵ㹻֧ţϣͿ϶á
ż޾֮ټȫ̽ĲԤʵ£ϣƵٿ¶Ϊ
ʲôֻ۵ĶӡҪԵ
Ѿ΢ֻǲʵ
߻ʲɲʲôͲļãҪˡ
ֻеУתҲܹɵ˵ֻ۵߻ʲ𣬲ܽǿȻٷȥ
ֻжݶһߵѹƣֵܾ¡
ö̺β޲｣Ըƣ֮󣬿ŵ߰ķ
㿪
ľҪкѧǸϽˡ
˺󡭡
ˮľЩΣԼϷ˯ĺģҪǰЩ̳̳޹޴ˣ֪Ҫ೤ʱָܻ
ʱܣɲǡ
ˮľû˵
úõظǼһ̸̸룬ʲô֣ɣѴͲľҹϵҪҵϷ˯类ˣǾ͵޾бʱռ籩ˢɳɣΪܽ⡭
û˿ռ䶨λ߰̽綼زȥˮľνˣ˲ת۵ϵתȥʹͲľˡѺáشкת̽硣
໨˼ҲҪΣ鷳ˡ
ΣͷҴܺɫܵǰˮȻδ赲˵ķöβ｣ͻƣ̺β޲ȴ֮Ĩȥ
ķݡ｣Сˡ
ˮľͷĵת۷ųһŽɫ״β｣ǿûбͱա
ת۵Բ߻ʲ𣬵Ըöͨ｣ǲġ
ˮľһǿסЩת۵ĲŬƽڵ
㻹ðɣ
ˣҪǲõĻ˵ˡ
ܹˣƤӣʱ򡣽ô죿
ܺǣָ򣬱ʧˣҴǻ̽磬ֹʵʩչ
Ϊʲôϣܹô׺ˮľϷ˯ĿȨһȰˮľȨ
ΪϷ˯Ļķӡʽϣڵģˮ¥̨ʲôֽҲܷ㡣
ڣϣʮβϷ˯λñʮβΪԵȡˡ
еʧѡ˸ǿʮβˮľʮβϿı߽߱ǽϷ˯磬ȻͺϣԼϵ
ʮβŰа裬ټ˵ˮľԼҲʹ˽תֱڣϷ˯ռ仹ûбѾܿɹˡ
ˮľĿ֮£ʵĿռͻȻ黯СȻһʰ쵵ĺˮľ
ҵĶʵʵɣԺ㳹׽ѡ


1017 и
Ϸ˯ռԭ֮߰ɫѸˣһƬڣҪˮľԶʮβǸСĹԴټǲҴܺԼҰӣ˵ģʽӦĹԣ۾Ϳ塭
ȻˣһƬ֮Уûʲôÿģֻڸ֪Զʵʱ˵սľ֮࣬ҲѰŰȫ֮
ãҶǴͨˣֵܹط档
Ҫɣܹ֪ܿδ֪
̽ĳʶͲá
ˮľĳţ˰УȻһͳ塣
֪˶ãһƬµ֮ǰͻȻһʵҲ̽ڻںҹ֮Уϵ¶ڵ
ֻеδ֪Ĳ˷ĵöࡣ

Ϊʲôһӣ
ŵĵطȻһ׵״ӵײ⻬ԲȫȻγɵġ
ǵ˵ɵİɡ
ˮľЦ˼Ųǣ̽ΪϷ˯籬ʴһűӵģνġ׽١϶Ѿʼįˮľͷˡ
ֻʱ̣̽û֡С¡ˡ

Ҳû֪ԭί̶̼ڷĹˣǰʻ治ʲô
ô죿
ԭϣûгʱβ
Ҳǣӵ֮кͻȪʮβͲҪ߰鷳شռ䡣
Ҫͬ飬ˮľҲˮ
ǰʮβǵʱռ֮Уӵҡǿᡢɰͺӿռ䣬ʼռ䣬ʮβ¶罵յĲȻǿȥܣ̽綼ǵ˵Գ
һʵϣԵǾҪˡ
˿϶ʼռϢǾֻԴУ
ġ
ˮľο˵
ʼռӦ̽粻Զȥ
Ϸ˯ײӦþʱշ϶Ʈ̫ԶˮľûаգúܽĻת۵Ŀռܹ󼰵ġ
ɢɫԵת۱һţγһõľ飬ˮļ̌ž˽ȥ
ô
ľе
ȥףɲ򵥣ҵΪҪһȥ
ˣȺŹˣɲҪʧˡ
زʼռ䣬Ҫˮľչ˵߰࣬ʵ̫鷳ˡ
ô˵Цˣˮľû顣
ղϷ˯ռ䣬ԼţתȫһӰϷ˯顣
ȥĿǵ˵ĵ̣Ǵһ٣Ҳۡ
Сռѣ̫̽ʵвʼռ䶼ƣҲ̫Сת۵ˡ
ʵĻˮľȻһƬ֮أǸƲʹԽһδ֪ȫǺںɫʯ飬ֹ䣬һɴһ㡣
ʼռ˰ɡǰĵط
ӦһĳΣ㹻ӦС磬γѭ
УһοʵʼռϣҲЩп
ϧͲľһ嶼ӶԵĲ֮ɣҲȥá
ЩлͲ˵ˡﻹǲսˣɱۡ
ϣѵֵЦЦ
ҪõС
¶֮ɫϣˮľһݣҪӦʱ򡭡ԣȫûӦ
޷תʵĹâͣˡ
ʱ䶳᣿
˼ǧȴֻͣò棬ʱȫֹֻͣϣж
УתҲʹã־ܹǣѾˡ
رǡ
ϣʩչĵرǣɲǳİӣʼռ䶼ʼ𶯣ˮľΪĿپ£ѹˮľϣǲʩչرǵķӡˮľᡣ
ӡˮľϢʧȻرһɫ߻ʼռѻɵĵرǷӡֱӽ仮ָƬ⻬İ֮£νķӡȻҲ֮
ŵɫת۲ģʽˮľǻָж
һ˶Ĳʼռпɲġ
ռϱƻ͸գˮļ̌ͷ°ǣǻʼռ丽ĺɰǿᡢСռ䡭


1018 
ģǴҲΪʲôûܹƵķûʲôܹ˺
ǴӮǿ
˰Ŷݼ֮ŵؿ̶ֳȵʮβܴſ¡
֮޲ˣתͳƶײ̽ĳ̶ȣͳԽܹ̽ܵļޡ
ֻҪ㹻Ĳ֧ţܵסˮľһ˾ͿԽ̽ѹҡ
Ȼֻ״νġ޲֮Ҳֻ̽ϵͳ̽һ̽縳Ҳɢ
пһʼռѾȽϳˣսĲҲ˲٣һƣˮľҪˡ
ͷۣԼһ˳Ҳ̫ԿˣĻˮļһҲ˰ɡ
һˮľȫ󲿷ֲתۣȻȻͷţճ罺ˮпʼռԪС硢ͬϣڣȫߡ
޴ѹ˾Ͷ㶼Щѡ
Ҫʲôѵ˵
ϣؿա
ôˣ
أ̽ҪˣҾϷ˯
ǴħһķۣҸĻBOSSƵ˿ɵ˴ù
ٽС΢Ǳ˿ӣ
ڲɿɣ鱨ϣҿԶʵʩάǰôԸ̽确ģҾ編Ը㣬һͼذʱҲ೶ƽˡ
Ҳɡ
ΧܹĴȫ£ˮľһȺ׸̽˹ȥտʼʱƣԽԽ죬Żһ㣬̽׹ȥ
Ͳľ˶ûײ̽磬ôһһ飬뷨ǲ
ǰɣǰ֮ԣ֮ʲôþС
ҪЩһﲻ֣̽Ҫˡ
ӱֻų֮ļһ϶᲻Щ̳̳޹ޡףⲻǶˣ

·ۿˮľ֮֮ͨžСرˣ̽ٴޱߵĺڰƽ֮С
ͻȻôе㲻Ӧ
ӵĴսʼڣһ̲ͣսͻأתɺļž磬û׼ĦȭƵļЩֲ
Ǿôţ
˶ˮľ»Щ
԰꣬ˡ
ľһץʱָһ˵
ˮľʦսгܳʱսӦúܿͻн
Ȼûãûü׻ָֻһ֪Եɵľ𶯻̽綼ƶһţͻȻһǣԽԽųβͣһֱ
ʲô
Ͳд۹۲ǲԵʵ
֮ǰˮľʦ˵Ļܿɣ
šɡ
ľҲ׼
Ĵһˡԣ̽˶Ҫˡ
ǸһΣԽԽǿңѾϵҪˡ
ô죬Ҫ赲𣿡
ͳֻҲܹǣܹײ
һ뵽ǲһ顣
˵
ľҲûа취Ҳղֹ
ڵ߰һĪչʱ̽ңԶĵطͻȻֱͨʵĹ
Ӵ任״ֻյĴֳǰ
ʲôˮľʦĺ֣
ӦƬ̵ǲҡҡͷ
ЩϤĶ
е˲Ծؿ˸
ľɽǣôֵط
һ򲻲̽˵ͨʥأҲֻɳ̫߻߷û̽չʾͨʥصĵ̣ڣ˼ʶЩһǵжǿ
ɶ࣬ҪǳְæҲӦַɣҪ̽ô죿
ͳİ˵رԹ
Ǳߵĳ󡣬ڿϴѳˣĸҪĲٰɡ
̾һ
۵ĿɲֻľɽҪһӡʮβͺˡ
һ˹˵
̫çײˣӦòչİɡ
Уֻ޴о٣ٶгٻУˮľ˹
ЩһͶȹһνѣ
ൽ˶٣ӭ㲻Ľ
Щſ̽ļ棬ֻһԪûĵСı㳵ˮľֻøɫǿˡ


1019 
ͨʥص״˶꣬Ѿû֪ˣЩһԼǺԼʷ
̫ʧʷĳ
ܹСѭͨʥأ̽ռԴ൱ˡ
ӴͲľҹͲľºʹͲľֵܷӡڽǧʱ⣬ĬĬ̲ٺôˡ
ԣˮľһҲԼΪɵĺ
ֻҪͨʥܹ֣ʼռĲƬ͸С绹Ѳǡ
ˮľԽЩһֵܲסǵĵơ
ˮľϣЩ̰ļһˡ
ı֮һųҲгϵʱ
һΪ˳Աܹôа飬޷ӱܵΣʱͻж¸ҡ
ˮľʼռĲкӽ̽漸׵ĸ߿յʱѾסˡ
ǻûʧܺá
ˮľУ̬ӵĴȻ۾һϾҪ˯ŵӣǵ˫Уȫϲŭ֡
ƢԻ𱬵İ˵Щ߷߲ƽ
ȽϳĬˣһĳУȫ޷ֱжʽˮľ޷жǲ塣
ɲⰡȥһʪ֣û취֪һ͵жҲҲ²Ӵͣͳ̽ܵļޣȫ̽һĪ˺
Ⲣˮľ޶˵غ˼롣
Դӽӹת֮ˮľԽᵽ缫޵ĸо
ԭоȻ᲻ɴݵĹ磬ڿҲôȹ̡
Խ׼޵ǿߣĭϽķһͶ֮䣬ʹ̫ǿҲͻὫͱһ
ʱƣʵԽԽǿĸо϶ҲԽԽԽԽԡ
ѹִͲľһڼǿ̽ȴַУ˵ǿֵ߳ļʣ̽Ѿˡ˺ͰˡԼʮβǿˡ
ˣҲսʮβǿ̫ȼ̫ߣѾûа취ȫ֮̽ˡ
ڣˮľʵʼռԼϣжһ𡰴ײ̽Ҳȫ޺ô
Źֻд۱֮̽Ĳ֮ʼռ䣬ԴԴ̽磬鳾仹̽ҲӦ֮⡣
ˣ
ˮľЩΣĲͨѾ˼Ϊµĳ̶ȣײ޵ġ
Ȼܼ֣ҲҪ㹻ĲӦԽս
ɢɣ
ճ罺ʧС̷ֱ
ˮľ׵˦·ֱַֻץסһС磬Ȼ̽һŲ˹ȥ
ɰ类Ͷ֮ûããɳĮ
ǿ类
˷֮Աãã
ռ䱻ˮľ֮Եö
ȵҿռͲôˣ΢˼һᣬˮľýתп·ĵᣣȫ㵹һ˹Ļɽʹ˵
ĴӵұƵľŵ߰ٶܣȻ˶ܹʱҺ͸£ײľ
طعϡˮľܿ˿ܻ˵˵ĵط
ҲдˡӦòᷢ߹Ĺ°ɣ
ˮľɲֻ󸶳رŮ
мֵĵȻʼռˣͨ̽ãһȻתվȻˮľг룬Ĺ֮Ӧûûгɢ
ˮľɾ޴ĺ˫ʼռкʴ֮ɡ
Ȼܵõ֮Ӧʱȱˡ
ͨƵʼռ䣬յĲˮľҲܹ൱һˡ
ŸոջָжϣҪͻȻһķת˲
ǡã
ö޼᲻ݵĿռ֮｣Ϯ
ٶ֮죬ϣķӦٶȣֻüų԰׵Ĳ֣Ȼ޷׻ƫתһ｣ķж˲֮жϣֱۣռ֮ͬΧĲһգϣ޷ָ̻ƣòĸĲ֫塣
⡭ǣʰ߰˶󣡡
ʮβȷʵѹԵƣҲǷ֮
Ҫˡ
ˮļ̌˫ֶ׼ϣīɫƾհϣȫѸٵӵ޲ʮβڵ˶ݵؿ顣


1020 ḻ
תڲЧҪ߲٣ȥȥôֱ֣Ӧڹֶθ֮١
ԶղԸǿĵ˵ʱرЧ
Ȼ󷴵ĸЧ̫ʵá
ô⹥תղܳãһʱɾһˣ
ȻʱݾϣҲжΣա
ʮβ֮˾õ̡
ʱãʲôֻҪЧȥ˶þָܻ
ʵǿ̫죬սǻ½ôˣ
ˮľмҡҡͷ
ڿɲҸڵĶֺܶ࣡
ˮľĻһ˸Ϻɫ׵ļʸת˲
֮󣬼ʸ̱ϣؿըһϺɫƹ֮ϣȥԭϣ
סƻ֮鷳
֮ǰŽаʮβڼϣûнƽ̫á
Ǿ꣬ܵʴĲ״̬û㹻ʱе̫ˡ
ϣû㣬ֻǺܹͻʮβаⲿ˵ϣꡣ
ֱܹ̽˺ֶα֮٣Ϊڤڤ֮е˰ţĿ̫Сˡ
ڣǡһϣ
֪ʴ˺˸дţ
һɫӰڿһŨķӡ͡
ǴŶݡ裿
ֱƳӡĴŶݶԸʮβ뷨ʱڣ߰սȷʵ˲١
ҲǣǲǲߣټϴͲľҹԼڵϣԸʮβʮβľ飬мʷûܹǣ˺ˮľȲϵ߰ࡣ
Ե֮ţǳɳˡ
ΪܶԸң
û·ˣˮľתбһͻȻֵӰ
Сӣʲôʱѧķ֮̾ҡһ˲ʦʦҲְ̫ˡ
ܹʱռǿӡ｣ϣٸľ֮ʩչ｣Сӣʹ÷֮ͻϮȷʵܿɹ
Ĳ㡭
ӣɫͷԭΪ˷ս̣ʱģʽ컯֮£Ѹ쳤
ӿȻļڵɫеŮȭͷ
ǰ֮ģʽûõġղŵսҲҽİɣ
˵ˣҵʦ㡭
Ǻðɡ
ϣЦЦߵļлȻ鷳ǲܽ
ʮջܾû壬ԣֻǵ㣡Ȼûǿʮβĵزˣû˵
ʮջĲĻһҰӣȥԭϣΪСӣܺȴû뵽Ȼ᲻ܲ˵س˹
ӳֵȻɫ伫ޡ
˹Ŀ࿴ǣˮľΪʵԭûгɹˮСӣȻϰЩģˡ
жȥһİʮջȻ;˵ˮϣȻûнСӣˡ
Сӣƿ϶ᣬĻ꣬һֻϸ˵ȭͷ裬ֱϣĶͷ
۰쵰Ҫмܷͺˡ
ǸղˮľʧʱʩչתϣҰӣ˵ˡ
ʹı˵ֵˮľϮ棬ԼȻشˡ
ʮβܼӲʹðŶݼ׵ؿǲߵԴСӣȻҲòϣĶͷ
޴ϣһ㱣˳ɣӭײеĴŶݡ衣
˫ȭѵְѹַɶҪЩСܣ¶ɵԼƵҲԶˡ
ϣаࡣ
֮ǰ˶ڻʱ䣬Լ㹻ĻָüĶֻ񣬹ЩΣˡ
Уɱھ˵ãܹʮβֵһӣָֻʮβıԼȹѹˡ
׶༪ˣϣڲ׵ļһϣӵ˾
߻صϣصԵڵϣҳһοӡ
ԴУȻ𲻵ԵãҲĵ˵Ĳһʤ㡭ôɣҵĲҲ࣬ʮβ˵·һᣬ
ںҾ˰εضԶȾŴβӴѾӽʮβˡ
ʧȥʶʮβϣںҾ룬˿ҵ˫ۡ


1021 ʾ
ûھԵѹеĶ֣ʧȥսǻ۵Ŀ־֮У״̬
ģʹ۶ݰ塪ٻģеƣҿǿ󡣡
ˮľ³ֵȻЩΪ⣬ԽǿԽҪǿƿأǻǸ
ˣˣʲôֻһٿصĿ桭
ϣ˯֮ǰʹֻԳңʮβıܣòְ塣
Ұһʹצ˺ҧ߱ܵʹòʹβ伫ˡ
ĳ̶ȣһ˵ѾԶԸĹˣֳļУڵʮβ״̬ԶȸղҪöԸöࡣ
ҲԶԣϣ֮ǰĺҲǽˡ
ڵˣ׶̵ᵽԳɢನ
ĵô
޵˶оЩƣˡ
㣬սܽ˰ɡ
ɫɺģʽٴ¶ڵľβҲȻӦ˵ġ
Ĳ˱ɫĺβķԼȻĳϫʱ˷Ȼ޴Ҿ޹ַ˹ȥ
ʽõòǰĲݰ׳Ҫò١
ûоβң˵ҲȻȲСӣˣȾ󲿷ߣԭеˮľ³֮ǿöࡣ
Ҫ嶯Ҳ̫˥˰ɣ
˳ʩչɷ裬ͼҾ޹ֵˣûüͱԳֱۻ裬һȭȥͬɷ屻һķɡ
ڻ֮˻ָɺģʽıƵҲӰսֻҪһָܻ˲Ĺ֮⣬Ӧû⡣
СӣȻղʮβԼҲʮջУиּ˷ʩȻ޷ܵش
ڷʮβû׷ܵؽע˶вˮľϣҰһֱȷʵ㡣
ľ˫۵ľʹٴʩչʱռУԳ˫۵ǰʣ˫۶ӽ
ƣԳ㲻ʲôΧµӣ֮طԲ׶ðɫҺ
˵ԳһûҺУٴγʱ˵˫ֱ۾ͻָ
ǰɣָô£
ĴʩչһľЩš
⻹ôҵ߽㲻ܾ۽Ҫû취ĲˣҲ޷˺һ
һʩչ˺üͲдͫǲҲڻָ
ҲУûƾ֮ʸûɱ
۶ݱܺкǿĿãοְֻԶͨѪ޽Ҫǿöࡣ
ɣʾһ£Ըִһ׸ôЧ
ˮľͷתٴηһοɲʹýתתִɱˡ
Ը޵Ĳ֮ĵˣȻʹͬģɲһ֧ŵס
ƴͲľòʯ޹ֳ֣ĴһԳҵע
û꣡
ˮľʯ޹ţƬ֮ʯ޹־ͱҾޣͬħ
㿴ʲô֮ͨ顤ٻ𡭡
ԭһֱҴ壬ʱ˶ɫһܺ任״Ҿ޹ϣ֮䣬һâ׵ʿ֣˫ۻɢâɫצ˫ۿȼŻ棬·Գҡ
úһľɣǲҪһǵ췣񡭡
âצʿ£ԳҲһ˻ǿ׳֮ײһ𣬷Ƶ죬ͳı𶯴Զ
ǹսķʽ
ľʹ˵ĴҰӣ˻ǲؿˮľεչ¶ǿ
ѾָòҲվ
ɫǰ˵ʲôͬ;֮ĻԽľͲǡļˣͲ־ǰһԭֻԼûǿ̶ȡ
ǰδġ֮ս²սʣĶһҲȱٵģıѧȷʵܹÿһһꡣ
ǲĬһսҲ֮ء
ˡ
ţô
ǵ֡
ԴӲ֮֮þûԼ˵ˣҲʮָˡ
ǵģֻҪͬЭһҲ
Ȼָƣȥһˮľʦ
ٻȻԴ֮ÿһνӴǶԵĪ˺Գһ̲ͣŭ֤滹ǲһ㣬ܹѹƾβ˵ֵĿ¼һˮľһʱҲûռϷ硣
Сģ͵
Ѿܾûսĸоˣ˳é®ҵٲնŵöõ¡


1022 ׼
֮Ĳˮľľ鲢ḻ
ڶԸβ޺ܺʱżõûʵĻᡣ
ʹҪʹһⲫˮľҲἫϵƣۺʵԵС
ֹˮľʵе߶⡣
ߵսʽдˤ͵սҲؿĸȭȭͻļս·̾Ͷ֮⣬ҲǱƴ񶷾ٶȡȻˡ
ǰӣˮľȻҲηѾɥʧǵʮβ
£״̬ļһȷʵòҪͬð۶ݣԳҵƣˮľ϶ô嶯
ҴܺİæͲдеͫľ֮ʮǿÿһνӴǶԵ˵ʱƣƻ𽥱ơ
һʼ;ʤϵóֻʱ⡣
ˮľƫƫܴս
ϣǴͲľҹı־Ϊʱܴضʱ˯
ԳȫƾжȷʵȽϺöԸһһѣһս
ǿˮľ£鷳˫ʵʵ̫ǿˡ
ǧǰĴͲľʹͲľֵΪ˷ӡʮβ̽ϡãԼҪѾ˼޲̽޺Ͱ޶˴صսˡ
һ֮սϡ
¶罵ϴټˮľֱӽ֮еʼռС̽磬ҵĲһ̶ûֹͣ̽ʵѾ̫ˡ
е㲻
ÿһλŰž֮ȭˮľеΧռĲˮľ־ͨʱռĸУ̽Ҫɳ̲Ǳһ㣬صһ˸߹һ˵ĳϫĴݲС
Щ֮ĴУˮľˣҷŽתʵЩðա
ϣҲزʹúԭ򰡣
ˮľεؿЦ
̫ǿҲΪԼ鷳
һҪԼǿֻҪ㹻ǿˣ㹻й֮ǿ߲Ҫ
ҿܴӮ㣬ֻҪԲ磬ôһ͹ˣҡ
ˮľһͷۣһѹʮβĻϣĵʣ֮ǰҪϣߴͲľҹ鷢Ȼ˳ʵʩƻˡ
ס
ʱһǿˮľԳҶЩվȣµҶ˳ա
Уһڻۡ
رǣ
ӦǲѵܹæˣΧҵҵˮľԳң뿿ѡ
龰ˮľһסıҪΣյԳңȻƯҪӡر档
ӵ֮ǲĵرȻǿ󣬵ӡʮβԶҲǿ㹻ˣֻҪܹʱʮβжˮľаս䳹Ʒ
ӣһˡ
ɫ˳ˮľ˫ȾԳңӱŭȴҲѡ
ƺ޷ˮľľԳ̧ͷϵĵرǣֱ۾һŰݵۣһ˸źɫԵĹԳ֣ҪرͶȥ
ìˣұ̫ˡ
ԳȻֻʣ±ܣ־Ҳܴ漣ģȻˮľûͻƿڣôͽܹвĵرƻˡ
ֻɺһԶҪٵĹ˵رǣҵıը
ˣˣ
ˮľ˳ƽԳҵǰһɺƵĳ˷ˢ
ˮľҲƣͺԳҴӰŤŵ
ʱˮľҲ˲ˣµرǺìйˮľҲײ߻أڱˮľƵԳң͸Ӳˣ˺ۣһϾҪӡ
ҲãȻЩۣҲࡣ
ˮľһ֮һ̤Գҵĸ˫צ˺ԳҪ׽飬һץ˲ʮβ塣
ӮˣBOSS׶θóˣѾˡ
צ˺ˮľһģһӰԴ
ȻԲ֮аʮβ˵ƺأ
ϵˮľϣĲͣ쳹̽˻Уһʮβͣͷ­ֻһžһֻ˶ľŹֻ۵ľ޴Ʈɫ֮¡
񱩣ԭʼʮβͫ޳ˡ
ˡǵˣ
ˮľԼҪΪԤƺõվһ׼


1023 
ʧȥǣֻʣ±ܵʮβˮľ
ûκǻۿƵǿˮľУ͵𡢺Х֮Ȼֺͬ
ʮβɹЮϣ˯Ǹ׺ݵͫʮβʵ൱㡣
ΨһҪעģǲҪһ˷ҷβ
ԭУʮββָ̽Ӳ˵Ĵ̽սص¹ɽкһڵһ
ʮββŴβ޵βȫһȼûʲôֵܹ
ʧȥʹòļɣȫƾս̬ͫǰδеľͳǿĹ
ˮľʱҲҺʮβٶ̱ˡ
ȻƻˣʧȥսʮβҲûӦķƾȻܹ󲿷ж˺ȴǰԳ̬Źһսˡ
ƺʶսֶתһֻɫĺϻԺɫģӵ֮˺;βЭܹ֮óǿɺģʽ
ˡ
ʼįĽǰ
ȻܹݻָڵĲɲô׾ܲġ
ˮľΧȻϡһأˮľСӣģʽģʮβҲ˲٣ͷӦǱڵľѹˡ
βֵľ飬ȷʵ̽ĳʹȻǳԷˮһ򵥡
żһ̾ͫ޵עֻ䲼ԴĴſŶǵŭ𣬷˼䣬ת۾ͽƷ˳궵ͷһˮ
ӳֵɺģʽһ壬ԶǼ򵥵ĳܻܵģֻǱط˼ͷվ˽Ÿ
˵ĽȻ޹Ҳȫôô˻ᣬǲĵʮβ󣬴Ϻɫ׹񽣡ס裬˺ѲУһβϡ
˵ʮβһʣµľβǿ£ɫȫܺɨɵһߡ
ʮβתצҪ˻ǲʱ򣬰еˮľڵ֮лٴһβ
ʮβͫŭɶ׺ݵؿŰеˮľ
ʱٴΧ
Χּһףԭʼʯͷìɱǿ׳пһ㣬ͷŷݾܽЩսǻ۵Ĵһŵ
ڿɲˣʱ򣬲Ҫֹ񱩵ʮβ̫ͫ࣬ҲҪϣָ־
ˣˡ뿪һᣬСġ
֪ˣ
ػشǲǲɫصͷ
װܺ
ɫȫܺɺģʽ״̬µϣɫ׵ɺצӭʮβͫޡ
ΣˮľҲ֪һʱûʲôΣˣʹ÷֮뿪ٴʱѾ֮
Ŀһ罵֦һ͹ʵ
ɣβýˡ
ˮľͷת۹âɨ͹ʵ΢΢һ£һᣬһӰƿ˳
óһξ㰡
ˮľһģһݣΨһ֮ͬ˫һɺͲдۡ
ٵıϾǼٵģŬȽϿס
ոѹĹδһΧ֪ſеĲ
ռ״Ϊأ̽ĵײ㹹ܶʮִѾҪĽˡ
ԭάһͲд˼ѣڣѹǰС̫ˡ
һ͵ľάֲ˶ãǱսĲԣǵ߰ʮβ
ˮľ赭дصͷ
ãɿء
ǻҪΪӮң
̲סЦЦ
Ӧò鿪Ц
Ӧòˣ˵ͬǷˡ
˵ðɣҾ϶ѵڶԷ֮źͶԷ
Ҫ˵ôҪ˫úýһȱС
ðɣǱ壬˵㡭
νʼ硣
ô⣿
ˮľǼʵʵ;Щ©ˣҲڣֻܴһЩ˿ѰҴ𰸡
ˮľ̶ֳȵǿߣֱ൱£һȻǿѨ硣
еʵ־ţǱͷųһһ㡰סˣϵоõ
ϣȾԴа񡭡
аŤ˵֮ԭˣѾˣ
ҶԼģ
ˮľȻش
ûܵʴҲԲöֺù
ƺҲӡ֤ˮľжϡ


1024 
ֶǿüţʲô׼ȷ壬ûܹ˵
ڸ꣬Ҷ֪ôһ£еİأˮľҲ˵֪٣Ѿóĳɹұ֤ȫȷ
һ̸⣬ⲻ˻صоѧķ
˭ҴҪʲôҪȥ
ռѧ⣬һӿͷˮľ;ͷۣ˵ȥϸ˼ˡ
Ȼо˺þãҲֻܹǿ֮ǳؿ̽һЩƤë
ˣˮľѾԿ϶ǸѾ㲻ġˡʵ޷ȷ֪֮⣬Լ̽м¼˶öࡣ
ΪˣڵˮľһϵеʵǸˮľʴϣ
пܣһϣһġ
ѾǵһʧʵˣһλЩѹڣֻһЩź
һеųˮľʵڲľܡ
Ѿʶϣˣ
ţ
ˮľԺܷؿ̽ÿһʵ˼άҲǾԵģͺñаʴȫûб˵ˮľԾʶкܴȱݡ
ȻܹòǿŴǶȻʶһڿ췹Եĳ̶ȡ
ˮʹС׳񣬴ȥ̫䣬Բȱ
ЩȻɣԱ׫ʮĽָũҵ淶ճΪʲô󲿷ֻö֪
ʵˮľᾡʵжѹʮֱҪҵ޶ȵĲΡ
˵˽Ŀ̽ȷʵˣͬԼʵ˼άʽһģһûǸҪˡ
ظĿ̫࣬ûʱ޾ϸ˽
ԣܶʱˮľ潻ķʽ
ʱ򣬶Ի˼ΪϢݵЩܻջ
ʱˣøϽȥѣҲҪ׼
ˮľͷ
֤漣ʱ쵽ˡ
񻰹µĸоʵ˵Ժǻд̽ʷУ
˭֪ܿĬĬŰɣ
ˮľЦһȻ˲ʧ
ҲҪи޶ȣ̽绹ĹͷȻռϷ磬Ҳû䶨ʱ
ʼ磬תߵ䱸ɭϵĻ棬ԡ֮е壬ƯڰУǱҪˡ
ڵδ±ʷʷɴ˵˵񻰣󳹵ʧҪã
ǰϹŵķ˵˽깫ˣмǼס
̽ϸʷصʷ꣬󲿷ڽǧսʱʧˡ
Ѿõļ廹һǿԿ֤ĴУ׷ݣˡ
ڵˡͲľ£Ҳֻֻ֮ǲʵڵġ
ԽˡϹŪһ񡯣һӵʮβڻٶһ¡Ȼǻ£ˣʲôҲֵڴģ
񻰵ģһ㶼¸ҵꡣˮľѾˣ¸ݴҲ̫ϡǣһЩֻԼʱҲᰴ಻סġ

˵ʣʱҲЩֲסˣ˫ۺʹȵļⲻϲǿҪǰࡣ
ѷһǲǴڱıԵˡ
ţ㻹ֵס
õңܺԼע⣬Ǽһˡ
װܺʱɫɺҲƣ̬ԡ
ȻʮβͫҲ˲ᣬǲֵɲһ㡣
ǰצѾ꿳°أ׵ʮβŭػǰצƺЩЦ
ˣԭʮβֻʣˡ
Ȼңȴ˿ĺһţӴ߸Ծװܺ
Ѿжصֻӭϡ
Ƶײ𣬰ˣ߽սನ˷ݡ
Ѿǵڼˣ
ԭҲЩơ
֪ƣغǽܾҲ˷ֺ⻹֮ս
˵ʲôɵڻ
˵취ȻǾҪˣ
ʹ˴ʩչرǽӡȷʵõİ취ǣǿķӡҲʹ÷Χ
ʮβʵ̫ˣرǵļʮβһˡǿͷĶ
ҪǸˮľʦƾͺˡ
ǻ֪ˮľûʮβٴηӡ


1025 
Ǹһɲ磬ˮľͿԽе񽻸ǲˡ
߰ʵԭҪǿܶ࣬ʹˮľĺЧӦӰ죬˳ӡʮβĿԺܴ
³ֱʣҲˮľʱ̶Ųҷ
ڽֵܳıܾ֮ǰˮľԤȻ£׼Ϸ˯縲̽磬ȫʵת̽糹
һжѣ
˴ͲľµĽ־֪ˣֲĹȱݣҪʲôۣ
ɲǼ򵥵Ĳݲܹ⡣
漰Ĺ滻ˮľȫʵȥһҲ޺Ūһתʲôģ޲磬ʱƽһдˡ
˵Ҳܹʽ־Ѿ㲻Լˡ
ӡʮβλ֮˵ս³Ȼ÷սףܵ˲С
ˮľʦȥˣôû
ȫ̽ôܶĻˣʵ벻ˮľʲôҪ
һҵײǲ𶯲ѡ
װֵܺסʮβ˻ֽղֻ꣬һŴ˶ľŹֻ۵ͷ­
֪Ϻɫâǣʮβ΢ת壬ԶĹҲûȫ߼򴦱˸Դ
ƻ֮ʮβŰӼԣѵĴŭһݺݵҧסװֱۣܺȻȻɫ۰ͱ˺
β޲ܺĽϣشҲɫ԰ס
ǿĻƣܵ˷ҲΪ£ǾϵĴǾˡ
׿񱩵ʮβģʣβ쳤װܺƣȻ˺һҪԼ˵ļһʬεļơ
֮ʩչռɱﵣײ׾پܻܵġ
˼¶ûгɹʮβͫؽװܺ񽣲ϻһҲܲˣɫɺͬһ㣬Բ֮ȻڵϣȻٴξ𣬼£֮ƺҲЩˣȻһ˦װܺſɫɺײ˲ԶһСɽ
ܵ˵ǳŲסˣȻܴ̫أڡӺͶ䶼Ѫ
ʯУɫȥɫɺģʽҲûά֣˾ô¶ʮβͫ޵֮С
ƺķйʮβͫŰе壬ٴȥɶĵ˸ϾɱľĿʮּᶨˡ
ΣĹͷʮβͫ޽µͻȻŢһƬ
ɷݡȪӣ
Ůǵʮβͫ޶ʱ˵֮Уͽ͵ֻԽԽ
ɷ޻ת֮
һʯͬһʮβƣȥһʮβж
˴˻ᣬľʹͻȻ֣һʱ˺˻
Сӣ鷳ˣٶһᣡ
ḻľóһҩ裬ҪǮһ˺ȥ
ϽȥָͲ
Ҫʦʮβ״̬òûʲôǻۣҿԽס
ûʲôֱ˵ıڣ޻ת֮ϾҰޣֻҪСӣ㹻һʱҲܽˣת䷴Ӧ֮ǰ̫ġ
ֻȥǻᱻһ
ʱƣв۵ʮβͫϣԭ˵˿ڣڻԭ
ôŴ־ս϶ǰ취
ҵ㣬Ѻӡ
ŴβҲѳɱһľ֪ģ߲Ŵ˸ָķӡӡβ޴
˵˼·û⣬ʵʩ̫ˡ
ԡ
΢ָһվ
ָ̳֮ڱ̽ǿҽߡֻҪǿҩ֧Ԯ£ܿͻָ˴ս
صҧ˫ֵʳָѪڵ滭һ׵ķģȻ˫ֽӡ鰴档
ɷţ
֮УɫӴ˲סʮββͣ䲻ֱܺײȻסֱۣ壬ѹ벱Ţ֮С
һУ
ɷӡɲͨ˵Ը񣬿һӶ̶ֳȵķӡ
վǲʾʱסĵˡ
գ
ڵĻڣԼӾת۾ͽʮβͫû


1026 
ųǿҲʵ֪ӦԷ֮ʵҲǲܶԸ
ʮβͫȫǵ״̬Ҫյķѡһǲܵ飬ֻȫƾ豾ˡ
պ׵մױȵʹʮβͫʹ಻˻쳹ķ
ҰӣãֻպĴһƾ豾ʶͽ޷վʼʹֻд۵
һڵ֣죬𽥽պգһᣬŰͲдͫʧһգˣȻպԸǿµ߰˹
鷳ˣ
ֻ߻ʲûҲܿ򵥡
ܹһ˺һ롣
û뵽ΣͷܵʹҲúǻ۵Ĺѧʹֻͫ
ʮβж˺ֿ͸ߵþˣǿûЧҪǵѧֻеȫ벻ܹһİ취ˡ
ڣиʱ򣡡
ǲ˵ţüӾպɢ
ѣҲܷ
ڵĲҩãҲָһ㣬۷ʱڵսԶ
ҪҪ˴ϢĻᡭ
ҪҴľĻ˵꣬ͿʮβͫһһӴĳ⴫ݣԭ޻ת֮ɷݡȪӱȻҵؿʼ
ɷŵķӡʮβҪλһʱỹѡ
ˣôȥһֻ۵ͫԽԽ
Ҫսپգ粻ܿٸı棬ϣ־ѣƾڵ״߰Ҫսˡ
ʮβͫʹ˴Ƭأ߰˹
ǲٴοȫֻܺ񽣲꣬ʮβͶ˹ȥȻ廯ϣ߰ܳ˺
ֶ񽣡ޱȣᴩʮβͫ޵壬бڵϡ
ܵ˺Σ񽣡նɱԼԲĿƣʮβͫٴش֮ģ޷ƵĿ񱩡
˻ߵĺУʮβͫͷ­΢΢̧ѿĴ첻ϾۼȫԵĲᣬɫβǿҲʼð˿˿â
ػʮβͫ޵Ĵ޼᲻ݵβҲԾؿʼʹãȫƻʲô
Ŷ׼Լʮββ񣬵߰ѧЩţĶܣ󷽾Ǳ¶罵ڻþռ֮жõͬĵֵƵβ񣬺ԲֿܹĿ¹
ô죿
Щĵ֮һ׻Ƿˡ
Ǹᡭ
ͷЩðľƵؿżʮββ
ȳˣԡ
ǣʦ
ڲԥʱ򣬸Ͻж
ľڰֹ˻Ҫ˵ˡ
ǿ׼͸Ͻӡ
ѧеľʩչʱռʧٴγֵʱѾʮβͫ಻Զˡ
ΣյĵطľҶʦսѸƽϢڵĲ춯ѾڵѪҺͲдۣ׼ʮβͫ޵ͷ­

޷ʱռŤ֣˺ʮβͷ­ѿ춼޷ά״ˡ
̫Σˣ
ʹֻ۹۲ǲˮ
Сӣ׼ýӦʦ
ʹͻϮ϶ǲսǿŤתһ첲𲻵Եãǽͷ­šҲɱʮβͫޣľΣ֮УôʵЩòʧ
ڣΣյʮββǰ׼ͻϮʵǸûᣬʮββ뱬ըըһʮβʳԼβȫ˺϶ܹȡùؼս
Ψһ鷳ôľȻ뿪
ʹʱռ㵽ռ䵱ȻǸð취Ҫպʱ𲻵ЧˣԼҲҪβը
Ȼͷ­ŤһŽʮβͫûܿסԼߵβһĿҫ¡ıըУڵĢڿն
ԶԶأ߰ѧͿʮβͫ޵ͷ­ͬСβըлɻҡ
ʦ뿪
ʩչҪӣȥľӲ

˵İ»ָ߰˰˵СӣͻȻʧڿߣץס죬Ȼٴ뿪


1027 Ͷ
ưܲ̽磬ռ䲢ûôȹ̣ӡܹӰռ䡢ʱռ츳ҲټִͨͨʱռǷĳ֡
Ӧģֲ̽ͻȻǿʱҲ̽籾Ӱ죬ؿİŶݼ׿֮ľʮββըʱռѹƣʹʱռܵ˼Ӱ졣
Ȼأľ͹ʱܵѶȣҪǴҰӣʱ֣Ҫըɷĩˡ
ֻҪʱռǣֵ֮ԵĴͣȻĵĲԶ봫͵ʱԶȷʵҪȶʩչٶҪ첻٣ҪĻˮҲᴳɫ⡱ôͷ
˵󷽵ľµĨһѶͷ亹ѧǿСͺ˱һŰս
ӦӮ˰ɣ
ĢɢȥƮɢ̳Ҳ£߿ʼ
ԭʮβڵĵطѾըһʮԲδӡ
ӵײһڵʮβĲ
ҪҪȥ
һ׻ûз˭Ҳ˵׼
ľԥʱһڵͻȻһ£һĶҪ֧Ӵӷ׵
ܶ
߰һݣⶼܻʮβͫޣ鷳ʹˡ
ҡҡλҪվʮβͫ޵ȾսĴľͷһ۶ϣʮβͫ޵ҲȻ̱ڵء
ˣڵ̮ɳһɢľ̿״ĩ䡣
ɹˣ
˾ϲ֣ʱ͸֧̫Ĳܴ̫صʲô³û˱ˣľҶƻУԼͻһβҰޣββ޻ʱҲкüκľ
ûᣬһȥӡ
ֻҪϣ¶壬ӴʮβʩչرǵϰĴ̽սսᡣ
ȵȡˣСģ
Ҫѧǽһľˣ˺ٿ׼һ׷ӡʮβ
ڵҹϵսͣЪ֮žĿҰֻʣ˺۵Ķ
˼ʱͻȻһĨӰ¼ڱʮβ֣ͫԽӦʰ쵵Ľ˲䲼ɣ˵档
ǡˮľʦҪʲôٲ˵Ҫ赲ǡ
¶ɻ֮ɫؿŰͻȻӰˮľԲµرۣ˿ˮľɫ
ǲɫֻ۲ϵˮľӰͻȻʧ˲ǲֱߣӭͱĲSжϡ
죬ˮľӰһȥûκѪɽ
˲ԶˮľӰٴγ֡
ǲĴкʽ
ˮľЦһŲԵˡ
ʲô
ͬͻȻҲЩ֡
üͷź˵ˮľʵ
Ӧûб¶ŶԣΪʲôᱻ

ˮľһ
Ҳǵǲۼʹֻͫˣô
ȷʵ

Դӽܵ˵ֻ֮ǲûùǿܿˮľ߲ùһΣĿľҪڹؼʱһٽڿʵ̫뵱ȻˣʹܿˮľͷߣһӵԤǿ˵ص뷨ʵ̫ˡ
ϲⲻ⣿ǰ̫ᡭ
ԣ㻹Ǳǣ
Ҫôˣ˲Ƕǣô˵š
ӡʮβУСˮľʦ
Ҽǵǰ˵ôŵİɡ
˵ģԼжϣڿˮľʦжǵĿĲһ£ҲΪʮβ
ǲʳĵ׵⡣
ʲô
㷴ӦҲȵˮľ
ˮľʦѵĻ㣿
ôء
ˮľΪѵһ֮εҡҡͷ
ˣ˵Ҳңʱ䲻ˡ
ˮľת߽ģһľмһʮβͫ޲ƬУʮβϣ
ԲѵǰаˣҲֻһ׸ʧߡ
Ҫʲô
Щ˲ĵشУԼͬƴƴսΪѣô붼ġ
ǲֱӶˣɫܺεضӭˮľõĽ翳
ʱңԶʣһĿĹ񽣡ֱжϣҵرը
ǡݡԭ֮
˲ȥУһģСԶĿӰҰľ
ĶˮľתͷһЦ
תۻǺܺõģ˵ľ־òֻ۶ԶԶȲϡȺǸͷ棬˵ĻٸǻһѡǺܶģ
ҰľУ֡ڤҰЧҲࡣͶˡ
ؼ¶лѣȻ˳ֿסӵת۵ˮľ˵ѡ


1028 ʽ
һʱ򣬱ˮľһܣпǰλעľеʵǲ
ˣȫ׺ƽĹؼʱ̣ˮľΪʲôҪ顣
ˮľץסûѹϣʩչ֮ʧ˺ֻæҵضĿӰҰľĹ
鷳ˣ֪ˮľʦȥ̽ô󡭡
֮£Ұľľ԰ѣϾ̽ǿ֮һ׽㡣
ˣһĴĿӰҲϵˣľСӣ
ٶĿˮӰڤĿӰֺĿӰҰ޿ҲҪˡ
ǲǱƭˣ
вʣȴҲйĶ
ѹңǴˡ
ǲŵ˵
ȫ϶ˮľʦˣʮβҲΪֲܿơջþ˵Ĵڡ
ΪʲôķʮβȻΪʮβ
Ҳ֪
ǲҡҡͷ
鱨̫١ڱˡӰΧˮľʦĶȤζʵ㲻ôҲ׷
֪һ֮ĸֿĹذšĶ֮£ô׷ٵˣ
ʱǲǸǳˣ
ʱռ䲨һϳɵ˹
ղŶԸʮβҷɣĻΪԸЩ󱲣Ӧòɡ
ǿӰҲ͸ݵһƤëҰľѪ̭ݡԭֵ֮ùעһ¡
ľҶȴӰǧ䡢ǧֵܡԳնˮţһװˮԼˮľ˷ïˢڸˡ
ѧȥǸ򣬹룬֮
ǧŻתˮľϵϵжŴµķλȻˮľͽ˻תϤתǧ仹ľҶ弸ǿսһ£ΪԷһû뵽Ļó
ǡͽǰˣ
ľҲ֪ڲԥʱˮľ磬һʲôϲˡ
Сӣ˺Լһռ䣬׼ٶȸ֮Ҳ˲ˡ

֮ˣӡͽֵʵʵûˮľҪɲס
ϣˮľڵһķӡ롣
ʼɣ
ˮľϸؼһΧĽ磬ûзκ쳣
һߵĹεͷ
ԣҲ׼ˣͬңܹĸʵӦ㹻ʱְ˾ˡ
ԥһ£Щɵ˵ʵ
˵ҲöʣǣǶλĽɫе⡣񻰴˵ô࣬ΪʲôҪԵظйΪԭͣϹޡâףڡաخǿʵǲѡȡ֮󡪡׻ȸҲȽ̽ĴͳΪʲôЩ
Ϊˣֻ̽ϵͳϸ֦ĩڵ޲ʲôԵĸı䡣ôʲô˵֧ңܲĺ͵߰ɹӰɣǻʲôֱ̽ͺˣ
ˣ
˵꣬ʹ÷֮ʧ
ˮľһ˫ϣû丹һѽ⿪ϵʮβӡ
ӡ飬Ŵβ޵ĲȿֺӿȴӡȻŵľŰźƵ֮С
ƺʶڵľ䣬ʮβ廹Ǿϣ
۾ϣһ۾ͿΧ״
֮ǰܿյĽҲ㲻ˡ
а֮ǲ֮Ҳ
а񵽵ײʮβ죡

ˮľЩź
ǰ˵ܹ磬ҲԸȥΪʲôԸҲҪɷѿĵı
ϣ͸¶ҪϢڹؼʱˮľѡҪ˳ʵʩƻ治ס
ϣɬЦЦ
ⲻʵҶ֪ϣ˰
ˮľĬȻ
һˣһ꣬дġ
ԼΪԼһβƵľߡ
ϣʶѾ޷жЩԼ˼룬Щǿӵʱ򣬾ףԼѾˡ
̽Ĵֻʵϣа־ϵĹˡ
Һź
״ˮľȷʵΪֻֻ֮޷ء
Ҳһ޳ɰɣıӦǰҵ뷨Ƶġ
ҪĲʽԼϿɡ
˾˾˾˾ظĴй٣ԸҸĴµ̵ĺۼˡ


1029 Ȫ֮
ˮľûĴ㡣
ðΣգԼռԴΪ̽©ȱַ׾ˮľ롣
ͨʥôҲûΪ̽籣ݻ£ɡѹκôǲ
ͶбҪǳɼҵܹ˵ϻѣˮľŲ絽׻᲻
ֻǣ֮һ㣬ܲһĵ飬пܣǾһѡ
ʧȥϵѭ̽磬޸֪Ҫָܻ
鷳ǣʱε֮顪Ҳʡ͵ĵƣһ̽սϢٶ̫ˡ
ϵĴͲľˣع۲̽ķչ˵һԲϾҪ
в֪ʲôʱ͡
̽Ѿʼ¶ҵͷδǰȻʡ
޺޵ĲתѾһΣ˶ֱ̽Ӱ켴սᡣ
巽ĴͲľ£ҪıҲ֮ߡ
ڼΪ㰲ĵߣ治˵
ϧʱǨǧʱ⣬Ѿˣ̽ҪҪһЩĸı䡣
ˮľ˵ĸ硣
˳Ӧúܿͻн
ʢ֧ţϣһʱ䣬ֻǡ
Ѿˣʼɣ
ȻϣѾԸ࿴ˮľٴûϣڣһͷ­飬֫ʮβ;ϵĴһﱻ˳˵ʮβǡħ񣬸׼ȷ˵ʧȥ˲ĴͲľҹ
ˮľ׼ƻһѾĿϣͻȻʵ
ôҲһʱ֮ǰһ㹱ףʩչһֻ֮Ҫ𣿡
ţ
ϣĻˮľһ֮ҡҡͷ
ˣ󸴻Υ׵飬ǲҪ˰ɡ
ССңˮľ˵Ƹ˾ˣߵĳߣԼĳԲ
ǿϧˡ
ͬ˷ӡͲľҹһΣʮβȻʧȥ˲ȻûбӡֻҪűղûоŴβޣȻָܹʵ
ˮľʵȻܹƻħͲľҹ־ֻҪ̽绹ߣΪ֮ٴθ
ͺ;ŴβޱֻҪĻɳھָܻһʮβĻָٶȿܻҪöࡣ
ʱˮľֻüӿ˶ֱϷ˯磬˵̽ռʮβֻʱס
Ϸ˯Уʱֹͣһ㣬صħֹԭľѾʧΧһƬãȻ߽磬֪ڿš
ԭ׼滻̽ĿռֻǻȪ֮ĳΣȻСãҲ̫
磬ֻʴ翵ľꡢ磬ʴҪ򵥵ö࣬˵ףϷ˯黯ʵһѣ˰ţҲǡ֡
ħƬϷ˯籾壬ˮľصؿſ飬Ȼ֮ΪŴβ޵İ÷ӡ֮
Ȼ֪ķӡŴβ޵÷ʽΨһķ
һβغ׾ָһˮһķӡУβҲںܳһʱ֮·ӡڻ̳֮
ħƬΪķӡߣӦò˵İŽȡƿǽʲôĲˡ
͸ԣʵؿǾŸӵĶ״еıǳ·еˮеƲʡеѩȵȲһ١
ΪŴβ޵֮ϲõķӡˮľƵģһʧΧ֮һΪŴβṩάҲǱĬ֮ܵӰ졣
ˮľĿ£󶦿ŵֱʵϷ˯ռ֮һ㡣
ˣΪϷ˯̽糹ںϵĶλêǣ໥£ںϣ棬Ͷͬμȴܲɷ֡
ȨͳľŶ̽ɽկľݽ磬ʣµģ̽ţһж飡
Ϸ˯ȻһĿռˣʼ汾һ۲۵ǿ
١ֻʥ٣ʲôУ£͵ſһɡ
ˮľУ˸޷۲쵽֮ƮϷ˯罨ϵһ񻰵İʾһ죬Щӻ᳤ɲΪˮľĹϵĻʯ
޸ƼһĻȪ֮Ƕ鲼̽ĽˮľͼʵʱʹһȨܡ
ܹ֧һʱȴǳ֮ƣֻеԴȪ㹻۳֧񻰹ֵһв㳹ɡ


1030 ı
Ҫˮľ֧𸲸̽񻰹ϵǸܵ顣
۷ڵ˶ˮľĿҲС
ˮľҲֳֺõ顣
̽״֢ĹˣˮľģֻΪһ֧ܣָѪҺѭôϢ֮
Ҫ׸ı䲻϶񻯵ľ棬Ҫǿܹ೤
⣬Ҫʱָ
̽УֻǸоĪؿʼ
ȻЩ֣ԴӵĴ̽սһ̽ҲǵһˣҵĳҲĸߣοļ˺ͻ֮⣬󲿷˻¶Ļռ͸֪ıʡ
ȻЩǣûгþֹͣˡ
Բ̽΢Ц仯Ϊ֮Ļȴоһ˿ͬ
ô£
޼ɵػӻǧȸеһЩǰͲΪǣȻЩƣҲûǹԼʹҲ׽һ졣
Сģǵʱ״
޲òʧˡ
ʵһܺ⣬ߵϵ뾻޷йĴγ˾޴ѹлͨ᱾ܵشӾ̽硣
һˮأһ彫ֳ룬һߵˮͣصһߣߵˮλ߶ȲԽԽ
ֻһ֣޴ѹ壬˳ˮأͬˮССϺһͬꡣ
תڸϴһСˮѹߵһߣˮȻ˳СһߡڻϣȻȡ֮֮ߵĲʲԽãʩ߿ԽСھԽˮٶȾԽ죬ҲӰʵߵ͵Ҫء
ˮľҲϰܾ֮󣬲Ÿеİ
˵ޱȣ˽̽ĸṹ֮ʵܺõ⡣
ڣˮľȪ֮Ƕ֮̽ĸӺʵɿˣԭᴩͨȻܵӰ죬ʱƣתֽ϶᳹ʧ
û˳ĲľȻǿ󣬵صľݾ֪ˣȻܻˣ񱻰ǹβϵëĹһѾǰˡ
Щ
ǧͲˮҲͣһ̲ͣķ̬֮ԵĿӰԳնǲ޼ɵʩչִжˡ
ʱ˿̣ľ˷ïֵ߱øȽ⣬ˮҲֳ˲һʵܹõĲСշҲʹãǣǲץβ޵ʱ򣬽ȡһ˿βó
ųɫľβ˾ββ޻ڶ׶εˮڳ˵ֿʧȥƵӰ
û뵽ǶˣкˮսʱһôǱˮȵʱҶǵˡ
鷳ԵֻϧѾˣ˵ЩҲ޼£æңҲֻǱ֮١
ηǸ۽תۣǰҲֻемֻƬû뵽ȻĴڡ
ֻۡʮβî֮Ů񶼳ˣתʵڵģҲȻɡԭź󱲺úģûлˡ
ɥľ棬ҲЩΣˮľֻǲҪ¶ѣµ֮٣Ÿ˸е߷ߡ

ǧЦ˵
ȻãһǼӰѾ֮Ǹˣ
Եصͷ

֮߰˱Ϯ۴αȵĸ¥֮С
֮Ϊԭ򣬽ʮرԶҿִУǰĸ߲㽨һһ
Ȼ̽УˮƽҲϲܲסܹء
ĿǰΪֹȻõ֮УûУڳƿ֮ڼ䣬ͬСΪҵķչҲǳ˴ġ
ʦ
˽ʵ
ٿ
ľεڨЦ
治ҪӣȷʵԱϷλ
һ֮Ȼ֪ȨҪڵأһιʱȻѴӿ𲻴ĸ¥ҵϤڡ
Ҳ࿴Χߵһˡ
ô˵ʵ֮ϣƶȽϵͣܶཨ˶û֮Уټ߲ãҪ׼ȷжһ¥ʵ̫ˡ
Ҫаͺˡ
ʱ˸⻳һӣͲΪ鷳׷ⷢ
ǲɫ࣬һͲдۣ۲ܵһУĿǰֻдۻǿŲĹ۲ˡľʹ룬켸Ѿ۹ˣҲֻԼǿ硣
СӣȻ֪ҲܺãҲˮľⲼõĽԹҵȷķλ
ڼһĪչʱһϤ˹
ܹҲ㲻ˡǣǺ˵㣡
ԶɫֵˮľڲԶϷʵ΢ЦŸеĵ߰ˡ


1031 ת
֮ˮľӪãһСˡ
ⲻƶȺ͵ϵ˼ڻ棬ͱˮľǿĽ̽֫⿪
ʵûбҪˮľȫԽͨʥڡ
ΪϷ˯磬ˮľûٽһ뷨ֻǽﵱŸ˼롣
طˮľܻЩɵ֮˸ûܹˮľٶ༸ҲС
һӡֵУûоѹƣᱻˮľøֶλܡ
սѾЩƣߵĵ߰࣬һʼûжٿֹˮľ
ѿǣ⼸ˮľҪʲôΪˮľֹʮβӡܵǰ鷳ѡ
Űݴ͵ˮľľҲЩΪѡ
ˮľӦòϲӸ¡ŵظӱ˵˰ɡ
ַǳҫʵûʲô˼ֻΪǣǳԱ񣬵һĪĳС
ԭӦ߳ƣӢǡһ£ɱһġΪʦҪ˼ˡ
ˣǰϣǳ˲ٿͷʵһֱҪǸʱҵľʱ򣬻ʲô顭
Ѿôã㻹ڻӡУӦòᱧĵ뷨ŶԡðɣԸԳˣоô
մԽǻᣬˮľ͵ȡӡ֮飬Ȼľ׽ù鰸ߡľԼѹʵǡ
ţȷʵġֵ㣬ʲô顣
ʧˣǲ˼㲻׼һ£
о鷳ӣͷβ˵̫˷ʱˡ
ǵȵ𣡡
Ҳȣʱֶָ̫׾ˣ
ˮļ̌˫֣һԺչʰ쵵ĺˮ˷ӡ
ǵѾˣʵʵսĺƽһֵĺƽʹ߾ˡ
ǡ
һߵǲѵóʵ
Ҫ֪࣬Ĵսδ̫֮ˣôˣҿɲͿؾɻȥһ֪սѾˡ
ʮ꣬һʱƭе꣬Ӯս֪ԼеָǷȷ

ΧĹˮľʩԽ翪ʼּ˵֮ء
ֻ࣬ʸ֪˽⡭
ԣǲ񣿡
Ҳһã˵һ˵ڣû顭
׼òˣˮľҲ˷ѿࡣ
󣬸һѵʵʱ򣬲Ҫ̫ģܲ˵飬Ҫ֡Щ⣬鷳ȴ򵥶ˣ
ˮľĻ£߰ļֻоһֵȴûκ˺ΧľɫøӻҰ
һе֮УֻԶŵ֪쵽ηĹ֡

Կռ֪Ϊеľɫ䡣
Ѿ̽ˣҲʮβʱռ
ôˣʦ
ռ䣬֪ˡ
ʲô˵Ǳסˣ
ûռ䣬ľһͲдȥ˴롣
ƺǻ˲Сˮľһ
һпдܣ¡

ʼ
ⲻҪͻţһСƻʲôʲôˣûĵˣʲôֶΣǾʹɡȻǰã
ΪܳԣʹѶȽ˲٣ˮľת۲ģʽԻ󲿷ʱռֶε˺ǹϵѹơ
Ȼȳһ£ָٶȼߣڵľҲŴ˵ص쳣
ɺģʽ׾ٵؾ˳³ӯ˸еһ㱡
ľûˣȫܺǺģɫʿ˰εض𣬴ӱаγ˫ִ󽣣ض׼ˮľ
ܺУ
ɫ˴һӣ׵ʸһˮľ䣬ˮľ̽κЧ
ɫܺɫƻ֮׵֮ʸҲ׼ˮľ
ֻи֪ΪɫԷӡ˽СӣüͷΧþ֮󣬲̽ʵ
ˮľʦϷ˯Ŀ
ˣ
ˮľЦЦ
˵ĿҲûֻǲ׼ȷԭԤеռ״̬ɲİӡˣҲٸһһЩϲļһ˵Ҫƴ
ˮľǲµģͨʥصˣѾ˵ĴͲľ¡ֻûǸҪֵ̽췭ظһǧٿ׵̽磬ҲˮľҪģҶԸ⿴Ľ
ˣ˵ˣһһ֪һмֵ鱨ģʱչʾһˡת
̽绹ҪͲҪˣת۵ռ壬ȳ塪ת


1032 
ת۲ķʽֻ۵Լȫһ
תļ£Բķʽ˷ɢ״̬ΧܴܹӰ
״̬ǽתֱиߡ
ת۵ĳ״̬ͱȽˣٵĳγһƬǣеĿ˺Ƭ
߹ʽȻתǷתǱصĹǴ߸ӣֻǽת÷Χһ㣬ʩչٶȸ죬ֻҪҪǾɱתԸûҪĲ֮ĵ˵ʱ򣬸Ч
⣬Ըֲ߰ŪԷսתҲǸõѡ
ˮľȫʩչ֮£תЮŷ£ѹڵվ
ܣ֮еĳռ仹Ҫܡ
ٶĴҰӣȸеӦģʽǿ˲٣ֱͻ˱Ӱ
ܺľǲ״̬ԺãҲЩֲסˣֻ˿ų˵ݵĳǿָܶס
ɷ｣
޴ĽɫתִԸٵٶˮľķ
Զ̽ҪŨȻؼǿʩչٶԶ̽ʱҪöࡣ
Ҳң
С޶ȵĶ׾پͶ˵ˮľЦЦ
ʹ̶ȵȷʵѵãҲൽΪֹˡ
ýɫʮͫˮľ˵
Ҳˮľʦ˵˵ҲһҪС
Ż£ɷ｣ȻȻĴŰͳһ޴壬ڲиϴԣУҪѹɳˡ
ЧЩȵؿƺޱ仯Ŀռ䡣
ô£ѵûн磿
ţ
ˮľüͷһ
ѵ˵Ϊҽý粶ǣ
ȷʵǿĽ綼ƣȻԷӡû˽⣬ҲףֻҪǿһͻƣһⶼӭж⡣
ɷ｣ֻ֮Ҫƻһؼ㣬ǿĽȻ߽⡣
ϧ´ˡ
ˮľҡҡͷ
ˣܳɹɣȷʵȷѡ񣬵ǣʲôʱǻĴ
ҪΪ̽ĹһˣٵĴڡ
ӭĻȪ֮ǵһߡ
ʲôѵѾˡô񣡡
ȵ˴һܣ¶ɻı飬ǲľҲȵؿ˿ֵĿռ䣬ֻСӣЩظ֪ŸЩǶǡȴ˾ȵĹ
ӡͽԭǿ̶ȣ
ûСֻвõˣǰӦø˵ɣ
κһֳߵ£Ȼᴥ̽ĻֻҪһܻüΪµ
ܶ˶ܹһķëǡ
ˮľһٴγֵʱѾ˺ǲߡ
һץסźɫĵĽɫɺˮľ֪ųѰ䲻ľ־
Ҫˣ̽磬֮ӣɾûˡ
㵽ҪʲôҪץβޣ
ǵǣβǿֻҪֻ͹ˣԣõһڵľβ
ˮľٴνһֻ̽ǲѰҪĶ
ԼĪ˰֮ˮľڵóˡ
ԭ֪еֹͣ˺ǲڷֱӿһ۳һţֳֽɫȵߣǲ֮ǰйˡ
ǰ᲻̫ãЩûü˵ڣӦǺú̸̸ʱˡ
ǲת֮е־ҲܳפϾѾˣһж̽ĸ涼ܵӰѹơ
ʱʱֹͣˣ㹻ʱ䣬úýһ£׽֮ķ硣
֮ӣȻͼǩ֮ˣ̽ĺ󱲣ֱӡ
һʱˣ﷨ʹˡ
ĻͲ˵ˣӦѾˣһ׹ʱˣҵ磬̽粻Ҫ꣬ȫҴá
ûˮľһ˽Ȫ֮ĳΣҪȶչҪܳʱά
ֳɵľӳ֣ˮľʡܶࡣ
ǧʱ䣬ô޷ھ״ôãˮľģЩֳɵԴ뽻


1033 ǧ
ٴκ棬ɲϴǲľռУڸոյĻȪ֮ԾԼתѹƼܹͣӳʵҪǿ١
ôѾ̽羻ΪһˣʵѾˣڵ־壬ʵԶԶȲ۷ڡ
ûˣչϻҪǲ޺Ͱ޵Ĳת֮
˵ġϵһһʮβûжˮľһϸˡ
ջ֮ǻᣬˮľе㷢𣬾رǻΪЧӦԼӡʵǿҲ已̥ûļޣЩҲֻǴͩľ¸
˵ǿҲֻǼϵı仯ı䲻˱ϵơ
оˮľͱˣ˹Űһֵ࣬һ㣬һ˿ռ䲨һ˷һ־ն޳͵ؼӳϡ
̬ȣӦǲ̸֮еģбҪ㿴ҵ׼
Ѿͼذʱ̣ѾޱҪе淭ȴСˡ
ˮľ֣صؿԨһϢǧ۵ӳִѹ
Щ̣
˷ѵؽôھˮľ̫˷ˡ
ϧ̽ʵ˥ĺӦòĳԣͲ¾Ŵβˣǡ
ˮľʵЩ⡣
Ҫ˵̽ʧǿ͹ʵĻһ̶ƿصľ֮ӲƲľٶ̫ˡ
ֻתȱʧȴǿֶ߲תˮľǰԸǰˮľĲлû
һоĸ߲£ֻ޷ģˡ
ˮľ뷨Ͼ֮ȫԻΪ̽汾ġزգĲ֮ĴԸȻɣٶ̽Īôġ
ǣֻ޺Ͱ޵Ĳתһ֣ˮľֱ᱾ĩ
ˮľʺЩϷʣѵ̾һ
δĿ⣬˭еģԤ֪Ҳ벻֪Ƿŵ;ʱ̶ᵣԼһһǲǻδı仯

ˮľһ˼ҲЩ˵Ĺǡ
ˮľմԽǻᣬԼϴ֮⣬ҲžԼжĺЧӦӰ죬Լϵӽһ鱨ɥʧ
ֱʵԱԼ֮󣬲Ųνġԭ顱
ԣֵ״̬άһǧꣿ
ǣ
˿϶ˮľжϡ
ܹδƬεĲֻ㣬ɵԼδһᷢģֻһҲףΪʲôƶ˺һԷӡʮβ֪֪׵ң½ۡ
ˮľЦЦûлشʵ޷һŷĴ𰸣ˮľʵҲЩ£çײؾߵһ
ˮľشҲٹעЩС¡
ҵĸ״Һ嵮֮տʼǡֱǲ֪缴ӭսսӭսǿоǵ֮ĸ׼꣬Һ岻Ըĸֿҵķʽѹե̽࣬Ҳ̫ƣֻǻһֱȽº͵ķȻҲ͸֧̽ǱԶҲкģǵʱᵽͣԲòά̬ƣֻǣû뵽һȾǧ꣬˵ڶûʧˡ
ΪֿЦԭ򣿡
ˮľЦ
ͷһѲ֪ʲôʱµĴĦ˹֮ʹ˵ķӦȣʼķչϢ֮ʱƣԽԽԻͷˡ
ȵһ޺Ͱ޵תͶûԣͼˣһҪųʮβ
˵ͷ
ʱ䲻ˣͲľһ׷ҳɥʧ̽ĸ֮ǰһܿʮβ̽ǿӭսҪǲˣûܹѹʮβˣֻܳ׷ֻܽԼˡ
ǣ
ˮľаԸֻ̣˵Ķʵ޷⡣
츳ǻױȵˣڹؼѡϡ˴
ʮ꣬ͲľʽҪˣһǧ궼ˣʮʱǰ
ҲãûоѪϴ̽磬ǲ׳ɳģùˣ½˰ɣҪѪ֮
ǾͺãĿƺжϴʱ


1034 ʥ
Գǰӽǿ⣬ȷʵо˵ѡǺʱҲǲ⡣
еǰ䱸ޣһ﷢չ϶ǲеģڱĵ·֮Ťתͺˡ
;ŵףѡ񣬶Ҫ
ˣˮľҲļƽ˵ƣʲôһΪ̽ҵҵ̬Ǻˮľյģ֮鶼ŵ̹̹ϹѶ԰书
ڽصҲ㲻ôһеʱ򣬷Ҳûʲôʧȥֻзǰһڣ̽绹Щɫľ棬ٽгһȥֵ̫ˡ
û㹻İ֮ǰδʱ򣬲ȡ׵ֶΣʵǲѡ
һԶһսܹҵģƽϵʧʱ䣬԰ꡢǧƣһߡһߴʲô
֮£һж޴ӵֵ
ô˵Ӯˡ
ˮľȻ˵
˵е㲻ƽʤѷ֣νޱҪ
˵־ȻܹӸǿҲֻ̽ԣǰ۷ڣˮľܵĿԺС
ܹΪƵǲʵ̫ˣһá
ˮľݴͣϣǵõ˲ĻᣬҪս񽻸֮ӦҲӦ֮⡣
ģ֣ܵǾ̫ˡ
ɢſֲϢؿˮľ
ˣķ޲ɣֻǣļƻһΪػߣΪһ壿
ġ
ˮľҡҡͷ
ǲʺң
֪֮ˮľŵ㣬ֶҪŤԼ־ǻˡ
һ˹ȴɥʧԵʵ̫Ȥˡ
ˮľԸȱ̫ˣ󲿷ʱĮģż˼ӿʱּ׼
һ뵽긴һ֮Ȩأ̽ҲûʲôֻȨһѡ
ǿҲ޶ԣ

ˮľ֮Աǡ
̽綼һ죬ϵô롯ѡǿ̶ֳȣǿѾ޹ؽҪˣǻ۽ĸߵͲǻֵȼı׼
ȻܲʵںܿϧҾҪʧˣȥһĹ翴ʲôĽڼʱͿ̽ıʶߵز
ѵõ̾һ
Щ飬ô򵥡
˳˵ˮľͷ˿Լ̧˫֡
ʲô쳣𡭡ףԡ
ӳµת۲ģʽˮľǿӹɣһɫ֣ڱĽɫʹˮľһʱûʶ仯ķ
ⲻЧ
ǱĽɫԣƤҲþӨơ
ʲôʥ黯
Ȼ֪ʵľ庬壬˻Ǵˮľ˼
ǶĽͣд̽磬ȻӦĺôǷӡҵĸסͲľҹôôǿ

ˮľȻͲľºʹͲľֵսһżѷӡ˴ͬľҹǧ֮˵ֻǴ˲ǲ˷ӡ˴Ͳľҹѵ˵ǲ˵ʱȴͲľºʹͲľ廹ҪãʵҪǿ
ֿԱȽСĿܣ˵ʵڷӡͲľҹ֮ͻͽߡ
ʥسɷ𣬴žĶɡ
ڼȵ֮㣡
ˮľΪȻֱӣԶӰԶ
ˣ
Ըòûʲôɡ
²λ꣬ϷӵĻǺеġ
±λСıСأʲӡ
ˮľ෴λȻҲԶԣˮľǺ⡣
ҪˣͿ˰ɡ
Ҳ̽汾Ĺ»壬ν֮ӻҪԵֻҪˮľƻ˳˳ˮһ
̽ѾѡҲͲˣ
ԭһ£ˮľʵڿȷʵûǸҪ
ˣҲˣ
˿˿µ˺
Сһͽչˡ
ģ۸֮ӵĳУһûܹ
ɣǧռ꣬һύ㣬׼ô죿
Ϸ˯ںϡڤҪƣ´һе鷳Ϸ˯ʴȻģȪ֮쿪ʼת

һɣ
ˮľڰ֣Ȫֻ֮غ̷з͡
ˮľǰõеظͥν»ȪֻлȪ֮Ȼ㲻覣Ȼת˳ȴͷ֮
֪˼ϵĴͲľˣ
Ϊһգ켫־Ϊ߽֮ľ
Ҳǳʵһϵʵ»Ҫʽ
ˮľĿǰƣͬתۣˮľʤĿԼ󣬴Ͳľ˵ʵϾһ
˰ɣܲܰеĺôռˣ
ֹ֪·ˣٰ֮ڲõˣ
ˮľֵЦЦȻŰͷԼôģֻ鷳ѡ
ʹͲľԺ˻ᴦõģȻһˡ
׼ôʮβ
򵥡
ʵĿɲĸ״Ͳľҹ־
ʱ䣬޼᲻ݵʱû̫̫࣬î֮Ůˡ


1035 
ˮľȻû˵̫µķ˻׵ġ
պܴ󣡡
ֻʼзգʱƣʤԽԽ󡣡
ǡðɣҲ
˵ǵ飬ˮľѾǵˣôûбҪʱˡ
ֵһ㣬ӿֳˮưĲˣ˷
˱ˮеӰһģȻʧԭֻʣһ壬вӿһڵӰ
ͨĿռѾͨˣʡ˲ʱ䣡
ˮľصͷ˳ʧ֮ǰǰһСæ
ǽ˰ɣ
֮ǰˮľûڵʵͳɾͣʱֻ벹ȫԼ᧿ΣڵĴ̽սУȻءӮ
ԭЩ鸡ĻȪ֮ӿ˾꣬Ҫܳʱ䣬һҪԼǲ⣬һ߻ҪתǺܴġ
Ȼһ⡣
ˮľ˻֣ʱʧٶȻָмս˺ǲҪٺˮľһ¡
ˮľҲСһǲʧһͷϸ߿գӸµؿŵ߰ˡ
Ҫսûʲôǣǿܡ
ֱʱ򣬽ŵ˲ŲΧ˺ܶԭûеĶ
ǡ
Ÿն֮ĲSΧ£ĺӰ룬漴ֱĲҽûԺⲻǾֱӹĽ
ȫ֮
¶ϧû
ˮľ٬·˸ٴС
ѵǾǲˡ
ڻûٵһ˵׼ˡ
ǰĻȪֻ֮ͽΣûƣȻ֮Ի˵˺󣬵ڼ沢֮Ͳһˡ
ﲻǻ˸ĵط룬ߵܹƾ̽ţ
Ҫ˵ȵȪ֮ų⣬ԽԽŨüϢ
ˮľܰǴ
Ȼ֪ˮľͳһߵķ룬û뵽Ȼﵽ̶ֳȡ
оҲûˣҲᶮңʱ䲻ˡ
ˮľ¶Цݣָ
ǱǸڶȱ߹ȣ©
ʴվḶ́һ˳ںϲĹŶһʱ䣬ֱȶΪֹ
Ӧܹʹรӻ̽õʱˣȪ֮Ĵų׹رգ߶ûˡﻯһĻҲûʲô

ľͲдۣ֪֮УϤռ䣬һϲ
ˣСӣߣսǲǶ֡
˵ú̽ǾӮһ
ˮľƲƲ졣
ǱӣҺ⣡֮󣬻ȥǵġ
ռǧʵ̫ǿˣȶȪ֮ѹܴˮľڲģⲻճ
ӣڲ߻ʲôıưɣˮľͲºú̸̸ΪʲôһҪ
һͲдʩչ룬һͼˮľת⣬ֻϧľԶȲˡ
˵ɵˣ
ˮľ˻֣Ҫ뿪Ȫ֮ĵ߰˵
ϣǻз£Ҷ࿪һᣬ̫Ȥˡˡ
ƺ뵽ʲôˮľЦŶǲ˵
δĻԶҼ֡ȻûˣֻҪӵֻ֮β޲֮˽ӡƳ¶ӡҲǿԵġǾܶˡ͸ǵ鱨ȻᣬһҪúŬҶ࿪һᡣ
ŵļһŰɣ
ľǲɫأҰӣЩȣ˾ûôˡ
һҪÿ
ร
ӱ߰࣬ˮľٴνע˻Ȫ֮
Ѿһرǣٽ⿪¶µ֮Ҳ˰ɡڣѹȽϴ鷳
ĻȪ֮ӭһ飬ȹ򣬽̽Ҳûˡ޴й֮᳹״ʱܻ̽ܿɹ⡣
ˮľεóһСƿƿҺУöֻƯУϣ֮Ķ
ԣҲŲϲ趨תתͷ̽Ӯҡ
תǿôԸֻ꣬۱ȽϿɿ⡭
ˮľʹסڵ֮Уͷɫת۳˫ۿ˲ֻۡ
ȫ־ȱʧֻܹת֮


1036 ƶ
֧һֻۺһöתۣĵ׶ֻ˲֪ҪʱˮľѾʥ黯ԵʣӦԼǿ֧Ųסˣ۵ĲӰ̽ĴǰĲֵһᡣ
ڣݴ֮̽Ȩˮľе֮иЩѱĲл꣬»һˣȻܹġ
񱩵ұѹˮľһӴϷ˯ʴȣ˽⡣
Ȫ֮ɲʲôõطһȺ֮䣬ʵЩ
֮Щ㷵ˮľͻȻеһ
ǣ¶ˣȻСһжûгϣ
ǳھˣѰҰֵĿģȽҪ¶ǵ֮ǰǲ֪İ취Ȼˮľġ͸¶˳ȥȻûʲôˡ
ߵҲָˣ桭˰ɣǺʱô
Ȫ֮һŵ꣬Ȼһзļһ
ˮľֻۣͨʩչͨһɫŮ˵ڵϵģٻ˹ʧȥ˲ûг׻ָĴͲľҹ
ʱʱָ̣һî֮ŮûѣҲħǸªӣֻǣɫۻ಻¶˱սļԭ߻İ׷Ҳֻҷͷϵ˫ǣһһ룬һɴûˡ
Ұɲңǲһģ˵Ҳĵϵ˰ԺҪѰ𣬾ȥǡ
ֻתǰҲԼģ֮Ի磬ʲôͱȻһϵеĺ
ǴͲľ֮磬ҾͲˣ·ˡ
һʱ̣ᴩ磬ȴܹľŸԽķˮľʵǽ֡
ڵ״Ҫ̽ǧ⣬ʵ̫ˣĿǰֻץСȴпӰֻתĴڡ
Уֵģ϶ǲĴͲľҹˡ
ˮľ΢һֻɵĺɳûͲľҹС
ţֻʹõٻޣͲľҹһȥ
Ȼת̽ѰźʵĿꡣ
֮һĸҪѡԴ󲿷ֲ֪̽˱ԵһȦͨ˵ֻһͨ糿
֮Զ½Ȼ˼ҲƫƧ쳣ˮ֮ͻ֮ˣʧȥսԼֵϲ֮Сط͸ûˡ
Ȼ㸻ģźټΪˮǰʧ֮ͱԴһԸİ֮
ˡ
ۿתĸˣһֺͶ뻳еΣȻͱӴĵһ⾪ѡ
̽磬ȴû˲õ겨ֻǸоһǻûϷʣȻˡ

Ȫ֮鷳ȥˮľĸʵȫ۲ˡ
ˣӦòô鷳ɣ
ҪȫֵľôҪģ¿ͷѣԺԽԽɣȵҾͿԹˡǣôУ
ƺˣΪʲôûг׷ӡͲľҹųɳԶǿȻ
е鷳ѹƱһֺõ飬һߣӺϺ⣿
㻹ǡţ
ô᣿Ҳ˳ˮ۰ɡ
ȻǺöǣû㹻ƿأǾǻǸһ³֪ˡ
֮ǸƫƧСط٣Ҳûߣ󲿷һӶûߣͲľҹתҪ˵Ϊߣղķ̫ܡ
鷳ǣŴͲľҹת֮ɳȻԽԽǿʮβ֮ȻдôʵҲȲһͨˡһܹܵס
⣬زɣ;ⶰ˵뻳Ǵ󸻴֮ô
ˮľЦ
ֻתûʲôֻ֣ʮβȻֽ׶αز٣ԭɱʲôβֱ̽ܵҲӦõģҶ˵Ҳʲô£ܹ飬ܻٴξ
㻹˵úüǧɣҿʮͲľҹӡǾҪĥòˡôͲľҹתôΪֲܰɣ
ˮľ˵ôȻôȷʵĪĺô
ʱܹĥܶܶ࣬ͬľҹ²ˣ󲿷ֶЧʱ䡣
˱ӡһǿŵȴͬľһ׷ңٳʱҲû塣


1037 ֺ
ֻת֮ڳʱ
ÿһʵ飬һӡǡ
繫˵˵ֻҪ꣬Ͳľҹͻ᳹ʧӡǱĥ𣬳Ϊ̽ͨһԱ
ת֮ǿоѵķգ̡
ÿһȻı˥Ѹˡ
ʱվˮľһߣÿһÿһ붼ʤֱĨͲľһ̽Դۼ
˿ҲǾãôͲľһݣôڹȽϺðɣ
˭֪ҳɹˣֻҪ÷ӡȻ󾲾ȴˣµ˷ʱ䣬Ҿرó
Ҳɡ
Լ²ԼҲϽӲ硣
һ첻ҪˣͶֻأʱһҪҵ㣬úýѵһΡ
Ҫ㣡
һҶ֪Ȼӵа׾ĳϸ棬ˮľʵǲ˥ϣҲֻϵġ
ƣֻᷢûӰ£żǻᷢġ
صļҩˡ䣬Ȫ֮ܵϢţⶼǲء
Ҳˮľһ˻óܶ࣬Ե㹻٣յʵԶ
ԣˮľʵڵעһ㣬ԶһЩӰϸŴϢƵĵط
ҪûȵͲľҹĥӡǣԼǿɾͲˡ
ҺãȨˮľһߡ
飬ˮľʱ
Ϣһ֮ˮľٴʩչ˼»ҰͶ̥ת֮ͣĶ
ôΣҲӦϤˡûңĸҲԳת磬ʵڲУһæġ
̽ôÿһתҪ±عףҲæꡣ
ֻҪý磬ùת󲿷ֶɣڤ粻֮ʱá
һҪ
©֮㣬Ҷ⣬ôԲأ
νˣֻҪҲĽ취ٴαɣ̽ĹԽԽƣʩչʬתѶȻԽԽһˮľɲˣںӱߣʪЬóһûϵֻҪϻˡʵˮľҲ԰֮ͣΪˮľԸġ
ЩѾ˵ģˮľͲˡ

ͣ̽𽥻ָ֪ĴͨȻƽ̽ȴַǷ
ֻ罵ڵĺۼ֤ǰһҵĴսա
ţ͸˵ˣһжˮľʦıĻһһҪǽץ˵˺ܶˣΪʲôң
ְ˰̫Ѩüͷ
ǲ㣬ˣʵûа취
ǵˮľʦɱɾͳˡ
ʵ㡭
һȭһֱ˽еĲӬõ˵
˵˶ٱˣҪš
ΧһȦŶ̻ľҶ߲Ҳͷ۲ѡ
ǧŵ˵
ľҵСӵ˵ǸĻļһ϶Ǳģʲôô
ʤȻͻȻʵ޷⡣
̫ĻˮľԶ̽磬û֣˵־ڴˡ
鱨̫ˡ
лǵ¹ҲΪ
ˮЩ뷨
ǰҪӡֳҪƷӰ治ףֻӰСڸֶӵ״ȶá
룬ǲѾˣ
ͬǷӡ֣˼άʽЩġ
˼ǣ
ＡԽǧʵ
ˮתͷǲʵ
ˣʩչر𣿡
ǲҡҡͷ
⿪¶ĺܴڲˡ
Ȼ̫ˡǸһҵĸоһֱڼΪΣ״̬¡ȻһǾ֤һж֮СӡֻҪ֣һᲽΪӪͰʵʩƻ˽ĻᱻǵսϰߣһС
ʱһӰӵð˳
ʲôˣļһ
ɫһϮͷĴ߽
ӣˮľˡҲֻǲ²⣬û뵽ô󵨣һɹˡ
㻹û
Щ˼飬ԳնѾһס˴ı۰
Գʦü̽飬ЩѾûйϵˡ
ں˵ʲôھ͡ף
Ŵζ۰ԳնĻֱֱӱɢͬʱλҴĻҲɻҡ
̽ı䣬תЧˣ鳾ȥǸȥĵطɣߵ̨


1038 
Ĵսˡ
ʼþ춯أĪ
ãµĵ˵̽˻ʤϢľҶ߰ˮľ֮䷢飬ֻ߲һЩɲĲ²⡣
ǲǲ߿϶ˣһɻҲʧΨһ֪ˮľûк˽̫࣬粵ô˵
֪˺ʹͲľҹԴѪѾܲˣ̽Ļ࣬ȷʵһӦ֪ġ
ΪˣˮľûС˵־һȥ̽ǰҫ
Ȳ˵򲻴ùıûкôҫʵûʲô˼
ԣˮľ˵̫ϻֱӻľҶ壬յصľҶĴء
ֱ󣬵ʤĶΪЩľҶ˲
ȻӭĶУµˮľ·ǰΪһ
ˮľʵͨһЩغ󷽵ķսߣҪˮľǲܵġ
ˮľһ·˵ôŻġ飬ֺľҶ߲оһܡ
ôԭнֵʱ˸ϼһǶ࣬Ȼ⿪еţԴϲ
ˮľɾûǸȤȥ˵ĺˡ

ʮβǱ𣬱˺仨ˮ߰밡ôһصı飿
֪ʵĲЩղ˵ģǶ˽ģӦýһЩ顣
Ҳ֪˵ʲô
ˮľһںı飬˿ܹԼô
ֲǵˣֻǺЦѣ߰಻Ǻúõģ̽Ҳһźͦûʲô˵ġ
ʮβȥˣ
һԵĸͲͷˣһǰӡ
Ҫ׳Ƶģ
ˮľЦЦ
ʮβ̽ȭĽʶԼĴиԼأԴңԾȻȰ⣬ûгɹɱ̾
ǲ˵ˡ
ֶͷѪܶ챬ˡ
ûʲô˵ģһźͦõɱɱʲôģ಻ã
ǿѹסҪ籡ŭְڰ֡
ȥɣúϢ
֪ų
Ϊ˷ֹ̽类ƻΪάƽˮľҲ龫ǣ˲ÿϢ
ˮľ˹뿪Ӱ칫ңؼСң󷽴¡¡죬ƺʲôӡ
ţȻƢ̫á
̾һˮľӿٶ뿪ˡ
ѵ飬ǽԼ뷨͸һжͷ˵𣬲֪Ҫռٻ֪ʶ
ˣи⣬ͬǽ̽ľҶߣˮľΪʲô֪ôࡣ
ɲǻԵɺϾܽġ
֪ʶϵֻһȺǻ۽ᾧʱѵҪԼԽߵݣʲôǴԽΪʲô̽硭
һһûûˡ
ˮľɴһʼ;ڲ˵Ĵ㡣
ʺͲ¼Ҳûйϵܳһʱ䣬ƽȷչڣż⣬ҲûӰ쵽˽תǲˡԼ̽ʵѾ㹻Ӧˡ
Ǻƽ
սۼȶҪˮľæ
Դ֮ˮľʹְλҲȥȻڴĸ߲ԻӰλҲпޣʹ˼ˡ
һ¹ǰ㣬ֺ֣ҲǲС
ȻˮľŸҪ飬ҪʮβҸȼ
ֻҪһˣҪ̫ľ
ʣµĶЩ£ܲȻʱŮҪ

ɽСľݣˮľܾûˣһЩڶʢĻ仹׳֮⣬󲿷ֶѾˡ
ԶСһСˮģظ佽ˮ
ˮľǰժϵĶߡ
Ҫˣ
ҴЩᣬ¶˾ģͲͷˡ
Ǻðɣ
ӹߣˮľº͵˵
׼ȥ
֪
ߣˣ
ǲˣòҪˡ
ҴЩź

ݱ¶֮ٲʺĽɫȷʵ˷飬һƣӸ߲Ĭʵɡ
ҲãҲ뿪ȥûȥĵط˵µ뷨ң㲻ܴľҶȻһߣ
ǣͰɣ
̽߶ǣ֯ܶ࣬ҴʵߵﶼǸ֣Ҫˮľġ
ˣ
ǣʰ
ǡ
лл㣬ˮľ
Ǹ¶Ѿˣԭġ
ֻҪˮľڣûܰôЩ£ҪԼ⡣


1039 Ӣ
Ҵˣ뿪Ϣ
һʧȻ˴ֻˮľ޵İʾ֮һжƽ˾ûгֹҴһ
ǣһȴ֮ǾǽҫüҪǲ
ҪΪҲûʲô˭ôģΪʦأ𰸿ܲġ
ǲüͷ
Ҫʲô滰
ѽڵˣ͸ʲôģͺûвر˵ĺһ
ҲУˮľʦ񡭡
ʧ񰡣ȻҪһ򡭡
ʲô
һЩҷôļּһ
гɱ
ǲЩִ
İɣ㲻ʲôʮβΪ̽ˣһЩţ˷ˣȥʣ
֮һͻҳ̽磬˳һЩ鷳á
ӵвô鷳ܻĪðһЩĶ粻֮ǿĳͨޡʳƽĳ壬һЩնħѰˮ㡣
ǳȥ˵ðһ޷Ĺˣڵ̽羭̫ķˡ
ðɣ
ֻҪӦˣǲĽȻ᲻۲۵ȥִС
ȣ֪Ҵô£
һ⣡

ˮľĻشЩ⡣
ǲȥѪ޽磬ôã
õЩ
ˮľڰ֡
ҪǲԸסǣҿԺܸε˵뷨вͨ
ô᣿
ˮľһεķ򣬴򿪱Ĵ͸͸
̽ĸֱˣѪ޽֧ŵĴ壬Ժ󲻻ٳˡƽͨ˵ĻȨԽԽأѾܳǧֺǲֳˡУſѧķչѪ޽ᱻƽ⣬ȻͨҲõϡһǿ߾ܸıƸֵԽԽԳ֡
ޣ̽޸һ仺Ḷ́Ѿ˳ҵ̽磬̤ǰ߳һļţΪŽͨоѧߡƽ߸ԼƶĿƼɹ϶ɵľӢš
ͽɲħƻ͹ɡ
ԽԽǵȺ壬Բһǿ߼ܹıġ
УǲѪ޽磬й¶ȥˣһϵ㲻õģȥģģ㿴Ű졣
ﻹвٿд۵ǲ˿¡壬ڵĴ̽սʱս𲻶࣬ĽˮľͲˡ
ǲҪʣˮľֹ
ΪֹɣԺһҽίУ͸һʵĻᣬʣһشˣʵĻҲỹ㡣
Ǻðɣ
֪Щôߵͷ뿪ˣˮľûκͣ˵Բܴ鱨Ѿѵˡ
ֲһҲӦ֮ɣ
ˮľţЩԼı֡

һ֮ˮľѵõսʱ򣬸һֽߣˮľľְ֮һȥѧУһУְλˮľΡ
ɾͱȽϳˡ

ǻ̽սˣؾʲô£ľڣЩҪˮľȥ£
ңѧУҪʲôУҪڻӰĽ̵δõģǴһеְλԼϽȥ۰ɡ
ҲãȥͨʦһԾΪУҲǸˣ
ˣˮľҲÿ˳͵ȥҲûʲô

Ӱ칫ңƻܹͨ˵ϻĻˣ˻̣жĴ趼˹
Щ飬ֻˮľ˼άϰߵ˲ס
սʤȴûһõóֵһӢ۵Ͷ޷ȷ˵ף֪ʲô
ŵֵӣҲЩΡ
ЩҲᣬҵ˼ֱӰ֪ķҲ˵˼˺˵ַӡʮβ̽硭
ǣˮľвͬô죿
һֱŲʵĴЦһ
ǰԿЦ뷨ˣİɣЩģ
νҪԴ˽⣬ˮľҪһ˵Ŀ
ǾɣսСҪӢǳġ
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